bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Definition and Classification of Eczemas —A Pertinent Challenge to Dermatologists —
Authors: Hornstein Otto Paul 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSince, in dermatological literature, the term ‘dermatitis’ is frequently confused with ‘eczema’, is has to be unequivocally stated that ‘dermatitis’ is a generic term covering very different patterns of dermal inflammation, whereas ‘eczema’ (or ‘eczematous dermatitis’, resp.) represents a distinct pattern of superficial dermatitis histologically characterized by spongiotic dermo‐epidermitis. Eczemas can be defined as inflammatory, non‐infectious intolerance reactions of the epidermo‐papillary skin compartment with reversible epidermotropic exudation caused by an immense variety of external and/or internal agents combined with increased individual susceptibility to respond.As current classifications only partially reflect the complex causative conditions involved in the etiology and pathodynamics of eczematous disease, the author proposes to classify eczemas according to the following major categories: 1) Mainly exogenous eczemas including those of contact‐induced non‐allergic, allergic and photo‐allergic origin, 2) mainly endogenous (or atopic, resp.) eczemas, and 3) eczemas of combined dysregulatory‐microbial origin. The latter group comprises eczemas caused by various functional and/or structural derangements of epidermal protective properties (summarized by the term ‘dysregulation’) which in turn permit the resident and/or transient microflora of the damaged horny layer to induce eczematous inflammatory responses.Since topical and morphological attributes may change during the course of the very same eczema, they are inappropriate for basic classification and should be used only as minor criteria for characterizing the sites and predominant lesional type of the respective eczema. The possible combination of eczemas representing two or even three major categories in one patient leads to intermediate forms entirely in keeping with the division into three principal groups. The proposed classification is aimed at eliminating the terminological confusion of eczemas as well as enabling reliable documentation for statistics which can be used in computer‐aided comparisons of multicenter studies on etiology or epidemiology of eczemas.
Common Blue Nevus of the Upper Lip —A Possible Relationship to Mongolian Spot—
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro , Inoue Shouhei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThree cases of common blue nevus occurring on the upper lip in Japanese are reported. This occurrence appears to be significant because the upper lip is the site of predilection for dermal melanocytosis in Japanese babies with cleft lip.
A Case of Acantholytic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Derived from the Acantholytic Type of Solar Keratosis
Authors: Uchiyama Noriko , Shindo Yasuko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA case of acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma in the middle of the forehead of a 102‐year‐old Japanese woman is reported. The tumor mass had infiltrated toward the subcutaneous fatty tissue and had tubular structures composed of atypical squamous cells in numerous places. At the border of the tumor, there were histological features of the acantholytic type of solar keratosis, and apparent solar elastosis was observed beneath the normal epidermis surrounding the tumor mass. Metastases to regional lymph nodes occurred a year and a half after excision of the tumor and the patient died.
Chromate Allergy: Chromate Content of Asian Cement
Authors: Goh Chee Leok , Kwok Sau Fong 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe chromate content of 10 different Asian cements is studied. The hexavalent chromate and total chromium concentrations in these cements were analyzed using colorimetric spectrophometry and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, respectively. The pH of an aliquot of 20% w/v of cement in water ranged from 11.8 to 12.1. Total chromium content of the 10 brands of cement ranged from 15.9 ug/g to 30.0 ug/g; the hexavalent chromate content ranged from 3.6 ug/g to 25.1 ug/g. These findings were comparable to those reported in Europe and Scandinavia. There was no direct correlation between total chromium and hexavalent chromate content in cement.
A Case of Contact Dermatitis Due to Betamethasone Valerate
Authors: Nakajima Hiroshi , Mohri Shinobu , Nagai Ryukichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA patient with contact dermatitis due to betamethasone valerate and povidone iodine is reported. The Japanese literature concerning contact dermatitis caused by corticosteroids is reviewed. For diagnosis, a patch test (twice if possible) is recommended. Reading should be done at 72h and on day 4 or 5. Erythematous (?+) reaction should be regarded positive when corticosteroids are patched.
Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum Associated with Poroma Folliculare
Authors: Fujita Masaru , Kobayashi Masako 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 70‐year‐old woman had a dome‐shaped with a keratinous mass nodule which measured 1.0 × 1.0 × 0.9 cm on the inner canthus. Multiple confluenced vesicles were seen in a small area of the tumor. Histological examination revealed that the tumor had two different portions. The larger portion was poroma folliculare and the smaller was syringocystadenoma papilliferum. We collected cases of syringocystadenoma papilliferum reported in Japan, but there were no other cases associated with poroma folliculare. We suggest that a teratogenic follicle developed poroma folliculare on one side and syringocystadenoma papilliferum on the other.
Status of Histoid Leprosy — A Clinical, Bacteriological, Histopathological and Immunological Appraisal —
Authors: Sehgal Virender Nath , Srivastava Govind 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe study of different aspects, namely clinical, bacteriological, histopathological and immunological, of 23 cases of histoid leprosy were quite revealing. The salient features included the occurrence of histoid lesions in a proportion of untreated leprosy patients in addition to those on dapsone treatment for a variable periods of time, a high bacteriological index in spite of infrequent formation of globi, high morphological indices and the immunological status of these patients. Cell‐mediated immunity, which was deficient in relation to healthy controls, appeared to be augmented when compared with active lepromatous (LL) patients. A few contributory factors to the development of such a situation are discussed.
Immunohistochemical Localization of Ornithine Decarboxylase in Human Skin
Authors: Verrando Patrick , Juhlin Lenhart , Lacour Jean‐Philippe , Ortonne Jean‐Paul 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe localization of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in human skin and cultured keratinocytes was studied with an immuno‐histochemical method. ODC was found in the epidermis, hair follicles, sweat glands and errector muscles. Irritation induced by stripping or UV‐B irradiation did not change the staining pattern in the epidermis. In psoriasis, the staining was most marked at the tip of the epidermal rete ridges. In basal cell carcinoma, there was a homogeneous labelling of the tumor cells and, in squamous cell carcinoma, the labelling was strong but less homogeneous. Melanoma and dermal naevus also positively stained for ODC. Cultured human keratinocytes also showed ODC positive immunofluorescence. This technique detects the ODC antigen present rather than levels of ODC activity.
A Case of Scabies Complicated by Acute Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Takiguchi Yoshihiko , Kusama Kyoko , Nagao Sadanori , Iijima Susumu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 21‐year‐old male patient with scabies complicated by acute glomerulonephritis was reported. In the literature, such patients are prevalent in the tropical and subtropical zones, but only sporadic in the temperate zone. The incidence of such patients and the cause of glomerulonephritis were discussed.
Dermo‐epidermal Blister Formation by Linear IgA Dermatosis Sera in Normal Human Skin in Organ Culture
Authors: Akahoshi Yoshinori , Kanda Genta , Anan Sadao , Yoshida Hikotaro 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFresh normal human skin samples were cultured at 37°C for 48 hours with sera from 3 patients with linear IgA dermatosis and 2 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). Dermo‐epidermal separation (DES) occurred in the skin samples cultured with the sera from linear IgA dermatosis patients, and linear IgA deposition was observed in the dermo‐epidermal junction zone. However, no IgA deposition or DES was observed in the skin cultured with the sera of DH patients or normal individuals.The results were the same when sera of patients with linear IgA dermatosis were heated at 56°C for 30 minutes before culturing with skin samples, but DES was prevented when a proteinase inhibitor, aprotinin (50%), or α2‐macroglobulin (10 mg/dl) was added to the cultures.Our results suggest that IgA deposition in the basement membrane and proteinases are involved in the formation of vesicles in patients with linear IgA dermatosis, but complements are not directly involved.
A Monoclonal Anti‐keratin Antibody Reactive with Amyloid Deposit of Primary Cutaneous Amyloidosis
Authors: Kitano Yukio , Okada Natsuko , Kobayashi Yoichi , Tanigaki Takehiko , Okano Masaki , Yoshikawa Kunihiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSpecimens from cutaneous amyloidoses (lichen amyloidosis and macular amyloidosis) were stained immunohistochemically with monoclonal anti‐keratin antibodies. One monoclonal antibody raised against hair keratin (HKN‐6) reacted with the amyloids of both primary amyloidoses. Another monoclonal antibody, HKN‐2, did not decorate the amyloid deposit. HKN‐6 did not stain the interfollicular epidermis, but HKN‐2 did. The possible explanations of these findings are 1) amyloid deposits contain keratin protein modulated to react with HKN‐6; 2) amyloid deposits contain a protein unrelated to keratin protein, but reactive to HKN‐6.
The Glucagonoma Syndrome
Authors: Leibovici Vera , Granot Esther , Eid Ahmed , Goldin Eran , Okon Elimelech 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA case of necrolytic migratory erythema in a 52‐year‐old male is described. The absence of diabetes delayed the recognition of the clinical syndrome. A short review of the pathologic and metabolic features of this syndrome is presented.
Haematoxylin Stainable Epidermal Protein of the Newborn Rat
Authors: Takahashi Masae , Tezuka Tadashi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA haematoxylin stainable protein (HSP) extracted from the EDTA‐separated epidermis of 3‐day‐old rats was purified through preparative isoelectric focusing followed by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) using a Superose 12 column and a Mono‐Q anion exchange column. The purified protein was a single protein in SDS‐PAGE; it had a molecular weight of 14,500 daltons and an isoelectric point of pH 4.7. The amino acid composition included 14% glutamic acid, 13.7% lysine, 12% aspartic acid, 10% glycine, 8% valine and 0.3% ornithine, but only 1.2% histidine.An antibody elicited by the purified antigen also localized in the cell membrane region of the stratum corneum cells of the flank skin, but not in the keratohyalin granules, in indirect immunofluorescent studies.
Depigmenting Potency of Hydroquinone Fatty Acid Esters on the Skin
Authors: Hashimoto Akira , Hasegawa Kenji , Asai Takashi , Masamoto Yukimitsu , Ichihashi Masamitsu , Mishima Yutaka 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn order to improve the oxidative stability of hydroquinone (HQ), the only depigmenting agent available clinically for skin, 14 hydroquinone fatty acid esters (HQ‐Rs) were synthesized and examined for their stability, efficacy, and intradermal metabolism. HQ‐Rs containing more than 3 carbon atoms in the fatty acid side chain showed excellent stability in an aqueous base (pH 6). HQ‐Rs containing fewer than 8 carbon atoms in the fatty acid side chain exhibited skin depigmenting potencies better than that of HQ. HQ‐R was quantitatively hydrolyzed by a skin homogenate to liberate HQ. The hydrolysis velocity of the HQ‐Rs was dependent on the length of the fatty acid side chain; the longer the length, the slower the hydrolysis velocity. From these results, we concluded that HQ‐R is absorbed into the skin after topical application, hydrolyzed by esterase, and it depigments the skin by liberating HQ. Thus, HQ‐R function as a prodrug of HQ; it exhibits both an excellent oxidative stability and an excellent skin depigmenting potency by liberating HQ within the skin.
Fixed Drug Eruptions: A Study of Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Aspects of 89 Cases from India
Authors: Sehgal Virendra N. , Grangwani Om P. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFixed drug eruption incidence was 0.3% of outpatients. It affected individuals of both sexes in their 3rd and 4th decades, with a preponderance of males. Literary index and occupation were inconsequential. High index of suspicion for an etiologic drug was cardinal and was invariably supported by history. The clinical features of FDE were characteristic; it affected the upper and lower extremities, trunk, and lower lips. The diagnosis was confirmed by provocation test in 86 and cross‐sensitivity in 11 patients. Analgesics and chemotherapeutic agents were primarily responsible for FDE in this population.
Presence of Cytokeratins in Human Eccrine Sweat Gland Epithelia
Authors: Kurokawa Ichiro , Mayer‐da‐Silva Augusto , Gollnick Harald 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe distribution of various cytokeratins in human eccrine sweat gland epithelia was studied using the antikeratin monoclonal antibodies KL1, CK 8.12, CK 8.60, PKK2, CK 8.13, CK 4.62 and RPN 1160. Immunocytochemical techniques were performed according to a standard alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti‐alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method.Specific patterns of cytokeratins were found in each of the cell types that constitute the three anatomical areas of the gland. Luminal cells in the intradermal duct displayed the same labeling patterns as inner cells in the acrosyringium. Moreover, identical labeling patterns were found in the outer cells in the acrosyringium and the prickle cells in the interfollicular epidermis. Characteristically, CK 8.60, which expresses cytokeratin 10/11, labeled only in the upper ductal portion of the eccrine sweat gland, and cytokeratin 18, which is specifically recognized by RPN 1160, was present only in the secretory cells in the secretory portion. In addition, cytokeratin 19, recognized by CK 4.62, was present in the cells of the secretory portion, luminal cells, and inner cells. Distinctive cytokeratin antigenicity was also found in the inner cells of the interfollicular epidermis.Our results showed that 1) distinct cell types of the human sweat gland express different cytokeratin contents; 2) some of these cells present common cytokeratin types, most probably a cytogenetic expression reflecting related origin; 3) the application of various antikeratin monoclonal antibodies may be useful in determining the origin of tumors derived from the eccrine sweat gland.
Glycosylated Proteins of Stratum Corneum, Nail and Hair in Diabetes Mellitus: Correlation with Cutaneous Manifestations
Authors: Nozaki Shigeyuki , Sueki Hirohiko , Fujisawa Ryuichi , Aoki Kimiko , Kuroiwa Yukio 
Published: April 2015

AbstractNonenzymatic glycosylation of protein may play some role in the development of diabetic complications. To study the association of nonenzymatically glycosylated protein in keratinized tissues with the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations frequently observed in diabetics, we measured furosine values of stratum corneum, nail and hair from 61 diabetics and assessed their cutaneous manifestations. The manifestation most frequently found in this study was 10 cases of pigmented pretibial patches. We did not detect significant correlations between the prevalence of any cutaneous manifestations and furosine values of any keratinized tissues. However, 11 of the 17 patients with yellow nail showed high nail furosine values. Our data suggest that nonenzymatically glycosylated protein levels in the keratinized tissues do not correlate with the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in diabetics, but do not exclude a role in the formation of yellow nail.
Solitary Angiokeratoma
Authors: Gomi Hiroko , Eriyama Yohko , Horikawa Etsuro , Miura Takashi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSolitary angiokeratoma is a distinct clinical entity which has a hyperkeratotic verrucous appearance. The present paper deals with a histologically typical case which had a soft capillary hemangioma‐like appearance on palpation.
Hair Low‐sulfur Protein Composition does not Differ Electrophoretically among Different Races
Authors: Dekio Satoshi , Jidoi Joji 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSCM low‐sulfur proteins of scalp hairs from Mongoloid, Negroid and Caucasoid individuals were analyzed by two‐dimensional electrophoresis. The electrophoregrams obtained showed no differences among the three races; the low‐sulfur protein composition of the hair did not differ electrophoretically among the three races. This suggested that the low‐sulfur proteins may not be responsible for the macroscopic racial variations in the form of hair.
Reactions in Leprosy
Authors: Sehgal Virendra N. , Sharma Vandana 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe clinical manifestations of types I (lepra) and II (ENL) reactions are now well‐appreciated. The correlation of clinical expression to bacterial index, lepromin response and histological features has hardly been attempted. In a study of 35 reaction patients, 18 type I (lepra) and 17 type II (ENL), the preceding parameters were studied in detail. Their incidence among leprosy patients was 20%. Males in the age group 20–30 years were frequently affected, the ratio of males to females being 6:1. The mean age at onset in type II (ENL) was younger than in type I (lepra) reactions. However, the duration of the reactions was variable. They were frequently precipitated by antileprosy drugs. The clinical features were cardinal. The bacteriological features reflected wide variations, but were considered imperative. Early Fernandez and Late Mitsuda reactions were useful adjuvants for monitoring progress. The utility of changing microscopic pathology in determining the swing towards the lepromatous or tuberculoid end of leprosy spectrum are emphasized.
Immunohistochemical Staining Properties of Keratin Type Intermediate Filaments in Mammary and Extramammary Paget's Disease
Authors: Yoneda Kazufumi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractUtilizing three different anti‐keratin antibodies and the avidin‐biotin peroxidase complex system on sections of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues and on cryostat sections, immunohistochemical localization of keratin type intermediate filaments in mammary Paget's disease and extramammary Paget's disease was investigated. Anti‐keratin antibodies EAB‐903 and EAB‐904, which recognize 66K and 57K dalton keratin peptides, did not decorate any Paget's cells in either mammary or extramammary Paget's disease. On the other hand, anti‐keratin antibody MAK‐6, which recognizes 52.5K, 50K, 48K, 45K and 40K daltons keratin peptides, did decorate Paget's cells in both Paget's diseases. These staining properties of Paget's cells were the same as those of secretory cells in normal human sweat glands and mammary glands. Anti‐keratin antibody MAK‐6 is thought to be useful in the diagnosis of mammary and extramammary Paget's diseases.
Tumoral Calcinosis in Scleroderma
Authors: Katayama Ichiro , Higashi Kazunori , Mukai Hideki , Nishioka Kiyoshi , Nishiyama Shigeo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 36‐year‐old female patient with scleroderma/Sjögren's syndrome developed multiple cystic tumors on the dorsal aspect of her left hand, right elbow, and left shoulder joint two years after the onset of scleroderma. Histologically, amorphous eosinophilic substances located in subcutaneous tissue showed a strong positive reaction to PTAH and rosindole stain, and focal positive reaction to Von Kossa stain. Rheumatoid rice body like substances with chalky fluid were discharged from tumoral lesions. From these results, this case was diagnosed as tumoral calcinosis secondary to connective tissue degeneration due to the pathogenetic mechanism underlying scleroderma/Sjögren's syndrome.
Decreased Leukocyte Ferrochelatase Activity in Erythropoietic Protoporphyria
Authors: Kondo Masao , Ohe Manko , Mizuguchi Michi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe studied the porphyrin metabolism of a 7‐year‐old Japanese boy with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) and his family members. Leukocyte ferrochelatase activity was markedly decreased in this patient, being approximately 12% of the mean value of normal controls (4 aged‐matched healthy boys). In contrast, leukocyte δ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthase activity was normal. The free protoporphyrin content of erythrocytes was greatly increased (4.3 mg/100 ml RBC), while erythrocyte ALA dehydratase and porphobilinogen (PBG) deaminase activities were 1.7‐ and 2.2‐fold of respective control values. A survey of his family revealed that 12 of 19 members probably had manifest EPP or were EPP carriers. These results suggest that, in EPP, there might be an inherited impairement of ferrochelatase activity which gives rise to an elevation of erythroblast ALA dehydratase and PBG deaminase activities to compensate for a resultant decrease in heme production.
Immunohistochemically Detectable Duct‐like Structures in Benign and Malignant Eccrine Poromas: CEA and Involucrin Immunostaining
Authors: Tokura Yoshiki , Yoshikuni Kohdo , Teraki Yuichi , Sugiura Makoto , Takigawa Masahiro , Yamada Mizuho 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe duct‐like structures present in 7 cases of benign and malignant eccrine poroma were examined by immunohistochemical staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CFA), involucrin, and S‐100 protein. The demonstration of CEA and involucrin was helpful in the recognition of these structures. The overt immunopositivity precedes morphological evidence for duct formation. On the basis of the CEA immunostaining, the duct‐like structures were divided into 4 types: 1) mature acrosyringeal structure, 2) cystic luminal structure lined by elongated cells, 3) immature acrosyringeal structure, and 4) vacuole‐ or dot‐like potential lumen in a single cell. Involucrine was observed in the lining cells of 1) and 2). None of the 4 types showed positive reactivity for S‐100 protein, suggesting the irrelevance of these structures to the secretory element of sweat gland. The polymorphism of the ductal formation tended to be more remarkably observed in malignant eccrine poromas than in the cases of benign eccrine poroma and poroepithelioma tested.
Nevus of Ota with Nevus of Ito
Authors: Dekio Satoshi , Koike Shun'ichi , Jidoi Joji 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 53‐year‐old Japanese male patient with both nevus of Ota and nevus of Ito developed cataract of the eye ipsilateral to the side of the nevi. In this patient, cataract might have appeared in a close pathogenetic relationship with nevus of Ota.
Cisplatin Combination Chemotherapy in Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Skin
Authors: Ikegawa Shuichi , Saida Toshiaki , Obayashi Hiroto , Sasaki Akira , Esumi Hiroyasu , Ikeda Shigeo , Kiyohara Yoshio , Hayasaka Kenichi , Ishihara Kazuyuki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSeven patients with skin cancers, six with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and one with adenoid cystic carcinoma, were treated with cisplatin in combination with vindesine or adriamycin. Partial response was observed in three patients with squamous cell carcinomas: two cases with metastatic lung lesions and one with a primary skin lesion and lymph node metastasis. Two of the responding SCC had been resistant to previous chemotherapy, including peplomycin and mitomycin C. Multiple metastatic lesions of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin completely regressed after two courses of the combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and adriamycin. This report showed that cisplatin combination chemotherapy may be useful for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, which is resistant to peplomycin, and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin.