bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to explant a diseased liver for living donor liver transplantation after previous gastrectomy with severe adhesion (with video)
Authors: Eguchi Susumu , Soyama Akihiko , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Hidaka Masaaki , Adachi Tomohiko , Kitasato Amane , Baimakhanov Zhassulan , Kuroki Tamotsu 
Published: June 2014

Abstract We performed living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in a patient who had undergone distal gastrectomy for gastric ulcer disease with Billroth I reconstruction 30 years before the LDLT. The adhesion was very severe between remnant stomach and hepatic hilum as well as left liver lobe with shortening of hepatoduodenal structures. After dissection of the infrahepatic inferior vena cava, the Spiegel lobe was identified from the dorsal side. The Spiegel lobe was then penetrated with a right angle dissector so that a plastic tape could be placed around the whole adhesion, including important structures in the hepatoduodenal ligament. Next, the right hepatic vein was transected with a vascular stapler using Pringle's maneuver using the plastic tape to fasten the entire adhesional structure. Subsequently, the trunk of the middle and left hepatic vein was transected after clamping. The remaining short hepatic veins in the left side were divided completely from the cranial to the caudal direction to dissect Spiegel's lobe. Finally, the hepatoduodenal ligament was identified from the attached remnant stomach and the duodenum and a vascular clamp was placed on the entire hepatoduaodenal ligament. Finally, the diseased liver was explanted for graft implantation. Thus, retrograde explantation of the liver was effective in decreasing the risk of damaging vital elements in the hepatoduodenal ligament, the remnant stomach, and the duodenum.
Variations in the most abundant types of glucosinolates found in the leaves of baby leaf rocket under typical commercial conditions
Authors: Hall Matthew K D , Jobling Jenny J , Rogers Gordon S 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDChanges in the concentration of the three most abundant glucosinolates were measured in the leaves of perennial wall rocket [Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC.], and annual garden rocket (Eruca sativa Mill.). HPLC‐MS was used to identify glucoraphanin, 4‐hydroxyglucobrassin and glucoerucin from perennial wall rocket, and glucoraphanin, glucobrassicin and 4‐methoxyglucobrassicin from annual garden rocket. In separate experiments the responses of glucosinolates to harvest number, seasonal conditions, nitrogen supply and post‐harvest storage conditions were measured.RESULTSFor perennial wall rocket, season influenced the concentration of glucoraphanin, which were highest for the spring [379 µg kg−1 fresh weight (FW)] and summer (317 µg kg−1 FW) plantings. The concentration of 4‐hydroxyglucobrassin was higher in the leaves of first harvest crops. This response was due to this glucosinolate not being detected in the leaves of second harvest crops. Thus, the parent glucosinolate was altered between the first and second harvests in response to the abiotic stresses caused by harvesting. For annual garden rocket, there was an interaction between the harvest number and season for all glucosinolates measured. However, no clear response was observed between these factors. Higher concentrations of glucobrassicin and 4‐methoxyglucobrassicin were measured for first harvest leaves when compared to the second harvest. This was due to the absence of detection of these glucosinolates in the leaves of second harvested plants; consequently higher total glucosinolate concentrations were measured for the first harvest winter (1224 µg kg−1 FW) and summer (864 µg kg−1 FW) crops.CONCLUSIONThe concentrations of individual glucosinolates vary greatly over typical pre‐ and post‐harvest commercial conditions. The absence of 4‐hydroxyglucobrassin for perennial wall rocket, and glucobrassicin and 4‐methoxyglucobrassicin for annual garden rocket between harvests, illustrates that abiotic stress from harvesting has the capacity to alter the types of glucosinolates in leaves. Concentrations do not generally decline during a typical storage period, indicating that the potential benefits of these compounds are not lost during post‐harvest storage. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Properties of poly(lactide)–whey protein isolate laminated films
Authors: Phupoksakul Thunyaluck , Leuangsukrerk Manusawee , Numpiboonmarn Pidsawat , Somwangthanaroj Anongnat , Janjarasskul Theeranun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study aims to examine the feasibility of a novel multi‐layer barrier film made entirely from biopolymers, which can be disposed after use in an economically and ecologically acceptable way, by employing mechanical strength and moisture barrier of poly(lactide) (PLA) films and oxygen barrier enhancement of whey protein isolate (WPI) films. The effect of glycerol was also determined. The three‐layer films, PLA/WPI/PLA, were compared with those made of linear low‐density polyethylene films (LLDPE/WPI/LLDPE). Composite structures of three‐layer films obtained by a simple casting method using denatured WPI solution plasticised with glycerol (GLY) at three different ratios of GLY:WPI (1:4, 1:2.5 and 1:1.5). The WPI solution was applied between two base layers of corona‐treated PLA or LLDPE films.RESULTThe multi‐layer films showed good appearance with no noticeably visible change and good adhesion of layers. PLA enhanced tensile strength of the composite structure. Oxygen permeability of the multi‐layer films was significantly lower than the base films. The water vapour permeability of the structure relied mainly on the base films. The plasticiser content did not significantly affect the properties of the multi‐layer structures.CONCLUSIONResults suggested that WPI could work successfully as an alternative oxygen barrier layer of multi‐layer structures. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
The use of ozone to extend the shelf‐life and maintain quality of fresh produce
Authors: Glowacz Marcin , Colgan Richard , Rees Deborah 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFresh produce has been recognised as a healthy food, thus there is increasing consumer demand for fresh fruit and vegetables. The shelf‐life of fresh produce, however, is relatively short and is limited by microbial contamination or visual, textural and nutritional quality loss. There are many methods to reduce/eliminate microorganisms present in food and ozone treatment is one of them. The use of ozone by the fresh produce industry is a good alternative to chemical treatments, e.g. the use of chlorine. The effectiveness of ozone as an antimicrobial agent has previously been reviewed and has been updated here, with the latest findings. The main focus of this review is on the effects of ozone on the fresh produce quality, defined by maintenance of texture, visual quality, taste and aroma, and nutritional content. Furthermore, ozone has been found to be efficient in reducing pesticide residues from the produce. The treatments that have the ability to reduce microbial contamination of the product without having an adverse effect on its visual, textural and nutritional quality can be recommended and subsequently incorporated into the supply chain. A good understanding of all the benefits and limitations related to the use of ozone is needed, and relevant information has been reviewed in this paper. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Factors contributing to recurrence of oral cavity and laryngeal tumors and estimation of tumor age
Authors: Choby Garret W. , Albergotti William G. , Byrd James K. , Egloff Ann Marie , Johnson Jonas T. 
Published: June 2014

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify factors contributing to local tumor recurrence in oral cavity and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas treated with surgery alone, to approximate tumor age from time to recurrence data by applying Collins' law, and to identify factors that may affect time to recurrence.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsA retrospective review of all patients treated for head and neck cancer from 1997 to 2013 at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center was performed.ResultsA total of 517 patients treated with surgery alone qualified for the study, of which 84 had local recurrence, and 433 had no local recurrences. History of tobacco use (P = .017), pack‐year cigarette history (P = .001), and T stage (P = .03) were associated with disease recurrence. Overall, never tobacco users, those with fewer pack‐years of smoking history, and those with lower T stage were more likely to recur. Time to recurrence was significantly shorter for laryngeal tumors compared to oral cavity tumors (P = .027). Median time to recurrence for oral cavity tumors was 8.6 months and laryngeal tumors was 7.1 months.ConclusionsIn this study, lower pack‐year smoking history, lower T stage, and history of never tobacco use were associated with local tumor recurrence. Applying the concept of Collins' law to estimate the age of tumors at diagnosis, the median tumor age at diagnosis was estimated to be 8.6 months for oral cavity tumors and 7.1 months for laryngeal tumors.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope 124:2297–2304, 2014
Influence of asymmetric recurrent laryngeal nerve stimulation on vibration, acoustics, and aerodynamics
Authors: Chhetri Dinesh K. , Neubauer Juergen , Sofer Elazar 
Published: June 2014

Objectives/HypothesisEvaluate the influence of asymmetric recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) stimulation on the vibratory phase, acoustics and aerodynamics of phonation.Study DesignBasic science study using an in vivo canine model.MethodsThe RLNs were symmetrically and asymmetrically stimulated over eight graded levels to test a range of vocal fold activation conditions from subtle paresis to paralysis. Vibratory phase, fundamental frequency (F0), subglottal pressure, and airflow were noted at phonation onset. The evaluations were repeated for three levels of symmetric superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimulation.ResultsAsymmetric laryngeal adductor activation from asymmetric left‐right RLN stimulation led to a consistent pattern of vibratory phase asymmetry, with the more activated vocal fold leading in the opening phase of the glottal cycle and in mucosal wave amplitude. Vibratory amplitude asymmetry was also observed, with more lateral excursion of the glottis of the less activated side. Onset fundamental frequency was higher with asymmetric activation because the two RLNs were synergistic in decreasing F0, glottal width, and strain. Phonation onset pressure increased and airflow decreased with symmetric RLN activation.ConclusionAsymmetric laryngeal activation from RLN paresis and paralysis has consistent effects on vocal fold vibration, acoustics, and aerodynamics. This information may be useful in diagnosis and management of vocal fold paresis.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 124:2544–2550, 2014
Umwelttechnische Aspekte des Einsatzes von Schlacken als Versatz im Bergbau
Authors: Höllen Daniel , Galler Robert , Eisenberger Martin , Pomberger Roland 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBergversatz ist die zur Prävention von Bergschäden erforderliche Verfüllung unterirdischer Hohlräume. Die Verfahrensrichtlinie des Bergmännischen Verbands Österreich (BVÖ) legt die Anforderungen an die verwendeten Versatzmaterialien fest. Versatzmaterialien aus Sekundärrohstoffen, die aus ressourcenökonomischer Sicht eigens zu diesem Zweck abgebauten Primärrohstoffen vorzuziehen sind, sofern keine bergbaueigenen Materialien in ausreichender Menge zur Verfügung stehen, können diese Anforderungen unter gewissen Voraussetzungen erfüllen. Der Einsatz von Sekundärrohstoffen als Versatzmaterial stellt in diesem Fall eine stoffliche Verwertung im Sinne der Abfallhierarchie dar. Die Zulässigkeit dieser Verwertung hängt maßgeblich von der mineralogisch‐hydrogeochemischen Beurteilung der Auswirkungen des Einsatzes sekundärer Versatzmaterialien auf die Umwelt ab. Schlacken der Metallurgie, die aus felsmechanischen Gründen geeignete Versatzmaterialien darstellen, entsprechen unter gewissen Voraussetzungen auch den umweltgeochemischen Anforderungen. Anhand des Beispiels von Chrom in Stahlwerksschlacken wird gezeigt, welche Aspekte bei der Beurteilung dieser Fragestellung im individuell zu beurteilenden Einzelfall zu prüfen sind.Environmental aspects of the application of slags as backfill material in minesBackfilling of subterraneous cavities is necessary to prevent subsidence damages. The guideline of the Austrian Miner's Association (German: Bergmännischer Verband Österreich, BVÖ) defines the requirements for the applied backfill materials. Backfill materials from secondary resources, which should be preferred to primary resources, if the latter are extracted especially for this purpose, can fulfill these requirements under certain conditions. The application of secondary resources as backfill material represents material recycling in terms of the waste hierarchy. The admissibility of this recycling depends significantly on the mineralogical and hydrogeochemical evaluation of the effects of the application of secondary backfill materials on the environment. Metallurgical slags, which represent suitable backfill materials from the point of view of rock mechanics, correspond also to the environmental requirements under certain circumstances. By means of the example of chromium in steel slags it is shown which aspects have to be considered when evaluating the application of secondary resources as backfill materials in every case which has to judged individually.
Nutzbarmachung von Staub in Strebbetrieben mit schneidenden Gewinnungsmaschinen
Authors: Nienhaus Karl , Fietz Nina , Philipp Matthias 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDurch die Entwicklung von Staub im Zuge der schneidenden Gewinnung von Steinkohle kann eine gesundheitsgefährdende Atmosphäre entstehen. Mit sinkender Korngröße des Staubs lässt sich dieser einatmen und das Risiko, an einer Pneumokoniose zu erkranken, steigt. Durch die staubhaltige Atmosphäre verstärkt sich das Risiko von Staubexplosionen im Zusammenhang mit Grubengasexplosionen deutlich. Im Gewinnungsbetrieb flözartiger Lagerstätten ist die Staubentwicklung von zahlreichen Betriebs‐ und Maschinenparametern beeinflusst. Hierzu zählen unter anderem der Rückvorgang des Schildausbaus, die Förderergeschwindigkeiten – insbesondere an den Übergabestellen –, die Parameter der eingesetzten Brecher sowie die Wettergeschwindigkeit. Ein Großteil des Staubs entsteht beim Löseprozess des hereinzugewinnenden Materials durch den Walzenlader. Dieser Prozess ist wiederum von zahlreichen Parametern wie den eingesetzten Werkzeugen, Schnittgeschwindigkeiten und Schnitttiefen abhängig.Die Freisetzung von Staub lässt sich in Gewinnungsbetrieben nicht vollständig vermeiden, sondern durch geeignete Verfahren (z.B. Bedüsung des hereingewonnenen Materials) bestenfalls vermindern. Dieses zwangsweise freigesetzte “Gefahrgut” kann jedoch für eine Materialanalyse genutzt werden, um beispielsweise Kohle von Nebengestein bereits während des Schneidprozesses zu unterscheiden. Auf Basis dieser Informationen kann der Walzenlader automatisiert gesteuert werden, sodass die Anwesenheit eines Maschinenbedieners in der Gefahrenzone nicht mehr zwingend erforderlich ist.Utilizing of dust in longwalls with cutting operationDust generation during hard coal extraction by cutting strongly affects the health of humans. With decreasing particle size, the risk of inhaling the dust increases and, therefore, the risk of inflicting pneumoconiosis rises. Additionally, the presence of dust increases the hazard of dust explosions which can result in a high degree of damage when combined with firedamp explosions. During the extraction of hard coal by shearer loaders, numerous factors affecting dust generation are present. These factors can affect each other and are generated by movement of the shields, AFC and feeder breakers as well as mine ventilation. The major amount of the dust, however, is generated by the shearer loader itself, influenced by, for instance, pick geometry, pick material and wear as well as the gap space between intersection lines.The release of dust during cutting cannot be avoided, but is limited by numerous measures, including venturi sprays on the drum. For automating the extraction of hard coal, however, the released dust during cutting can be utilized for material analysis of the extracted material. This has the advantage of utilizing a potentially dangerous medium and, additionally, of reducing the present amount of dust in the atmosphere and minimizing health and safety risks for machine operators.
A lockfree shared memory design for high‐throughput multicore packet traffic capture
Authors: Zhanikeev Marat 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYEarlier study by this author has shown that traffic can be captured in multicore architectures with negligible overhead, thus introducing the topic of multicore parallelization into packet traffic analysis. Designs that involve locking or message passing are considered default in parallel processing, which is incompatible with packet traffic with its high throughput and small grain. This paper proposes a new design for shared memory which can be used by any number of processes completely lockfree. Analysis of processing overhead and C/C + + implementation of the design are presented. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential upstream regulators of cannabinoid receptor 1 signaling in prostate cancer: A Bayesian network analysis of data from a tissue microarray
Authors: Häggström Jenny , Cipriano Mariateresa , Forshell Linus Plym , Persson Emma , Hammarsten Peter , Stella Nephi , Fowler Christopher J. 
Published: June 2014

BACKGROUNDThe endocannabinoid system regulates cancer cell proliferation, and in prostate cancer a high cannabinoid CB1 receptor expression is associated with a poor prognosis. Down‐stream mediators of CB1 receptor signaling in prostate cancer are known, but information on potential upstream regulators is lacking.RESULTSData from a well‐characterized tumor tissue microarray were used for a Bayesian network analysis using the max‐min hill‐climbing method. In non‐malignant tissue samples, a directionality of pEGFR (the phosphorylated form of the epidermal growth factor receptor) → CB1 receptors were found regardless as to whether the endocannabinoid metabolizing enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) was included as a parameter. A similar result was found in the tumor tissue, but only when FAAH was included in the analysis. A second regulatory pathway, from the growth factor receptor ErbB2 → FAAH was also identified in the tumor samples. Transfection of AT1 prostate cancer cells with CB1 receptors induced a sensitivity to the growth‐inhibiting effects of the CB receptor agonist CP55,940. The sensitivity was not dependent upon the level of receptor expression. Thus a high CB1 receptor expression alone does not drive the cells towards a survival phenotype in the presence of a CB receptor agonist.CONCLUSIONSThe data identify two potential regulators of the endocannabinoid system in prostate cancer and allow the construction of a model of a dysregulated endocannabinoid signaling network in this tumor. Further studies should be designed to test the veracity of the predictions of the network analysis in prostate cancer and other solid tumors. Prostate 74:1107–1117, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. The Prostate published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toxicity of hiba oil constituents and spray formulations to American house dust mites and copra mites
Authors: Kim Jun‐Ran , Perumalsamy Haribalan , Kwon Min Jung , Chae Se Um , Ahn Young‐Joon 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDDermatophagoides farinae and Tyrophagus putrescentiae are recognised as an important source of allergens. An assessment was made of the toxicity of hiba, Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondai, oil and 13 organic compounds and the control efficacy of four experimental spray formulations containing the oil (5–30 g L−1 spray) against both mite species.RESULTSIn a contact + fumigant mortality bioassay, (−)‐thujopsene was the most toxic constituent against D. farinae and T. putrescentiae (24 h LC50 9.82 and 10.92 µg cm−2), and the toxicity of the compound was nearly identical to that of benzyl benzoate (9.33 and 10.14 µg cm−2). The toxicity was more pronounced in carvacrol, (+)‐terpinen‐4‐ol, β‐thujaplicin, (−)‐terpinen‐4‐ol, cedrol and α‐terpineol (LC50 12.05–15.20 and 12.74–16.48 µg cm−2) than in N,N‐diethyl‐3‐methylbenzamide (LC50 35.53 and 38.42 µg cm−2) against both mite species. The hiba oil 30 g L−1 spray and commercial permethrin (cis:trans 25:75) 2.5 g L−1 spray treatment resulted in 100 and 11% mortality against the two mite species respectively. In vapour‐phase mortality tests, the two compounds were consistently more toxic in closed versus open containers, indicating that toxicity was achieved mainly through the action of vapour.CONCLUSIONReasonable mite control in indoor environments can be achieved by a spray formulation containing the 30 g L−1 hiba oil as a potential contact‐action fumigant. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Mating disruption of Spilonota ocellana and other apple orchard tortricids using a multispecies reservoir dispenser
Authors: Porcel Mario , Sjöberg Patrick , Swiergiel Weronika , Dinwiddie Robert , Rämert Birgitta , Tasin Marco 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDA new mating disruption formulation for population control of a wide range of tortricid pests, including Spilonota ocellana, was tested in Swedish apple orchards during 2012–2013. Owing to the characteristics of the local agricultural landscape, mating disruption was evaluated in isolated orchards rather than through an area‐wide approach. Parameters such as trap shutdown, communication disruption in field cages, damage level and dispenser emission were measured as efficacy indicators.RESULTSThe test formulation reduced the catches in monitoring traps for the entire range of the tested species. In field cages, communication between sexes was disrupted for both Adoxophyes orana and Cydia pomonella. The fruit damage caused by leafrollers (including S. ocellana) was reduced by the treatment. The device showed a constant release of all components for the entire flight activity period of these pests.CONCLUSIONSingle‐orchard experiments showed a significant effect on field populations of the leafroller species complex. While promising, in light of the variability of the result, field scouting may be required to enable practitioners to estimate the density of the pests and avoid possible unexpected attacks. Additional experiments are needed to evaluate the efficacy of the product against C. pomonella. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
An improved authentication scheme for mobile satellite communication systems
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Jianhua , Huang Baojun 
Published: June 2014

SummaryRecently, Lee et al. proposed a simple and efficient authentication scheme for mobile satellite communication systems. However, we find that their scheme is vulnerable to the smart card loss attack, the denial of service attack and the replay attack. To overcome the weaknesses of Lee et al.'s scheme, we proposed an authentication scheme for mobile satellite communication systems to improve security. The proposed scheme possesses the essential properties and security requirements, which should be considered for the authentication scheme of mobile satellite communication systems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.