bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dorsal variant blister aneurysm repair
Authors: Couldwell William T. , Chamoun Roukoz 
Published: May 2015

Dorsal variant proximal carotid blister aneurysms are treacherous lesions to manage. It is important to recognize this variant on preoperative angiographic imaging, in anticipation of surgical strategies for their treatment. Strategies include trapping the involved segment and revascularization if necessary. Other options include repair of the aneurysm rupture site directly. Given that these are not true berry aneurysms, repair of the rupture site involves wrapping or clip-grafting techniques. The case presented here was a young woman with a subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured dorsal variant blister aneurysm. The technique used is demonstrated in the video and is a modified clip-wrap technique using woven polyester graft material. The patient was given aspirin preoperatively as preparation for the clip-wrap technique.
It is the authors' current protocol to attempt a direct repair with clip-wrapping and leaving artery sacrifice with or without bypass as a salvage therapy if direct repair is not possible. Assessment of vessel patency after repair is performed by intraoperative Doppler and indocyanine green angiography. Intraoperative somatosensory and motor evoked potential monitoring is performed in all cases.
The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/crUreWGQdGo.
Endoscopic endonasal approach for a tuberculum sellae meningioma
Authors: Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. , Pinheiro-Neto Carlos D. , Gardner Paul A. , Snyderman Carl H. 
Published: May 2015

The authors present the technical and anatomical nuances needed to perform an endoscopic endonasal removal of a tuberculum sellae meningioma. The patient is a 47-year-old female with headaches and an incidental finding of a small tuberculum sellae meningioma with no vascular encasement, no optic canal invasion, but mild inferior to superior compression of the cisternal segment of the left optic nerve. Neuroophthalmology assessment revealed no visual defects. Treatment options included clinical observation with imaging follow-up studies, radiosurgery, and resection. The patient elected to undergo surgical removal and an endonasal endoscopic approach was the preferred surgical option.
Preoperative radiological studies showed the presence of an osseous ring between the left middle and anterior clinoids, the so-called carotico-clinoidal ring. The surgical implications of this finding and its management are illustrated. The surgical anatomy of the suprasellar region is reviewed, including concepts such as the chiasmatic sulcus and limbus sphenoidale, medial and lateral optico-carotid recesses, and the paraclinoidal and supraclinoidal segments of the internal carotid artery. Emphasis is made in the importance of exposing the distal dural ring of the internal carotid artery and the precanalicular segment of the optic nerve for adequate intradural dissection. The endonasal route allows for early coagulation of the tumor meningeal supply and extensive resection of dural attachments, and importantly, provides an inferior to superior access to the infrachiasmatic region that facilitates complete tumor removal without any manipulation of the optic nerve. The lateral limit of dural removal is formed by the distal dural ring, which is gently coagulated after the tumor is resected. A 45° scope is used to inspect for any residual tumor, in particular at the entrance of the optic nerve into the optic canal and at the most anterior margin of the exposure (limbus sphenoidale). The steps for reconstruction are detailed and include intradural placement of dural substitute and extradural placement of the nasoseptal flap. The nuances for proper harvesting, positioning, and reinforcement of the flap are described. No lumbar drain was used.
The patient had an uneventful recovery with no CSF leak or any other complications. Imaging follow-up at 6 months showed complete removal of the tumor. The patient had no sinonasal or neurological symptoms, and olfaction was fully preserved.
The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/kkuV-yyEHMg.
Investigating Internationally Educated Taiwanese Nurses’ Training and Communication Experiences in the United States
Authors: Ho Ya-Yu Cloudia 
Published: May 2015

Background:
The study objective was to construct an understanding of how educational training affected the cross-cultural communication experiences of five internationally educated Taiwanese nurses in the United States.

Method:
Data collection included focus group interviews, individual interviews, and background information surveys. A combination of narrative and thematic analysis was used to analyze data.

Results:
Findings showed that the five participants believed their education and training did not prepare them well in U.S. health care communication. The training content lacked essential language needs and cultural knowledge of patient backgrounds, hospital subcultures, hospital policies, and nursing routines. In addition, clinical shadowing was limited in improving international nurses’ English communication ability and building cultural competence.

Conclusion:
Internationally educated nurses require specialized language and nursing assessment and comprehensive on-the-job training to work in U.S. clinical settings. This study benefited the VisaScreen and U.S. hospitals toward filling the training gaps of language and culture for international nurses. It also contributed to the understanding of both Teaching English for Speakers of Other Language researchers and nurse educators about the complexity of cross-cultural clinical communication.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2015;46(5):218–227.
Effect of Topical Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Bleeding and Transfusions in TKA
Authors: Yue Chen , Pei Fuxing , Yang Peiqing , Xie Jinwei , Kang Pengde 
Published: May 2015

Educational Objectives

As a result of reading this article, physicians should be able to:

1.
Recognize the efficacy and safety of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) for reducing bleeding and transfusions in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

2.
Describe the main methods of application of topical TXA in TKA.

3.
Identify the potential advantages of topical TXA compared with intravenous TXA.

4.
Recognize the possible differences between high-concentration and low-concentration topical TXA in reducing bleeding and transfusions in TKA.

Intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) has been identified to be effective in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but the effect of topical application is still unclear. Therefore, the authors conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effect of topical TXA in TKA. Twelve trials with a total of 1179 knees were included. The results revealed that the application of topical TXA in TKA significantly reduced total blood loss by a mean of 280.65 mL and reduced transfusions without increasing the risks of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Topical TXA also reduced postoperative drain output by a mean of 194.59 mL and lowered postoperative hemoglobin drop by a mean of 0.66 g/dL. In addition, subgroup analysis showed that high-concentration TXA may be better at reducing bleeding and transfusions than low-concentration TXA. Therefore, the authors concluded that topical TXA can effectively reduce bleeding and transfusion rate in TKA without increasing the risk of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and high-concentration (20 mg/mL or more) topical TXA is recommended. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(5):315–324.]
The Faculty Voice: Teaching in Accelerated Second Baccalaureate Degree Nursing Programs
Authors: Brandt Cheryl L. , Boellaard Melissa R. , Zorn CeCelia R. 
Published: May 2015

Background:
Although accelerated second baccalaureate degree in nursing (ASBSN) programs are growing, little is known about how faculty help ASBSN students to learn.

Method:
In this descriptive qualitative study, faculty in 25 ASBSN programs in 11 midwestern states were asked to describe factors about their teaching. These focused on a comparison with traditional education and an in-depth examination of teaching strategies.

Results:

Faculty (
N
= 129) responded to six open-ended questions on the online survey; a thematic analysis resulted in 24 themes. Themes included Appreciate the Adult Learner With Previous Experiences; Connect Students With Structured Professional Activities; Role Model Professional Learning; and I Like It, I Love It, I Enjoy the Challenge of It.

Conclusion:

Because findings are from the faculty perspective, they enhance understanding of this teaching experience. Implications for faculty development and further research are included. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(5):241–247.]
Short Message Service Use in Clinical Care Through a Simulation Activity
Authors: Schnall Rebecca 
Published: May 2015

Background:
Research has shown that the integration of informatics competencies into nursing education especially for Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) students, has been inadequate. This article reports on a Short Message Service (SMS) simulation activity for incorporating informatics knowledge and skills into the DNP curriculum.

Method:
DNP students participated in a 3-week simulated ecological momentary assessment using SMS technology. Students rated their experience through a survey and wrote a 1 page narrative describing their experience. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and open-ended coding.

Results:
This simulation activity provided information for the future delivery of care using SMS. The cost-saving potential of follow-up messaging reimbursement for providers who use SMS may be a worthwhile investment of health care payers.

Conclusions:

This activity demonstrated the usefulness of SMS technology for helping patients manage their chronic health conditions. Use of SMS would be a reinforcing factor for providers in clinical care if it becomes reimbursable. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(5):290–294.]
Comments on the Six Interviews Published in the 18th Issue ofThe KLA(2013)
Authors: Xiang Xuehua 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTFrom the perspective of a KLA reader and a Chinese Foreign Language educator, the author comments on the set of six interviews with “heritage language” (hl) education and research scholars published in the 18th issue of The KLA (2013). The author finds the personal and biographical narratives in the interviews a very helpful lens through which to gain a deeper understanding of the field. The author articulates a number of themes that she saw across the six interviews including the shifting view in the field on what a HL is and the pedagogical goals of a HL classroom. While commenting on the pedagogical suggestions offered by some of the interviewees, the author also contemplates on the need in the field for fruitful, meaningful convergence of research and pedagogy. Lastly, the author calls for an increase of such an interview endeavor in various subfields of HL education and research in order to construct a history of the field as it emerges and to anticipate future directions.
A Content Course for Advanced Learners of Korean, “Gender and Sexuality in Korean Culture”: The Approach of Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Choi Min Koo 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
This paper illustrates the theoretical framework of curriculum design and the teaching practice of the content course for the advanced level learner “Gender and Sexuality in Korean Culture.” By defining the concept of culture as an ongoing and constitutive entity, the course is designed to explore the constitutive nature of love, sex, and marriage in Korean culture through the various ways of using language in different genres of texts. In this paper, the theoretical issues of critical discourse analysis will be briefly examined in relation to the curriculum design and teaching practice of the course. Critical discourse analysis highlights the mutually constitutive relationship between use of language and socio-political reality. Its theoretical framework is relevant to the pedagogical goal of course, which is designed to equip advanced students with the perspective to look at the relationship between the process of cultural formation and the use of language in a socio-historical context.
Management of bleeding with oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Bosch J. , Eikelboom J. W. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryFear of bleeding is a common barrier to the use of anticoagulants. Warfarin has been the only oral anticoagulant for more than 60 years and warfarin-related bleeding is reported to be the most common drug-related cause of emergency hospitalization in elderly Americans. Non-vitamin K oral antagonists were introduced five years ago and compared with warfarin are associated with lower risk of intracranial bleeding, and similar or lower case fatality after major bleeding. Despite their superior safety profile, serious bleeding can occur. Most bleeding can be managed with holding the drug, local measures to control the bleeding and transfusion support as required because the NOACs have a relatively short half life and their anticoagulant effect rapidly dissipates. In patients with ongoing bleeding despite supportive measures and in those with lifethreatening bleeding, consideration may be given to the use of general hemostatic agents. Experimental and animal evidence suggests that 3 and 4 factor prothrombin complex concentrates can improve hemostasis in the presence of a NOAC and this is reinforced by anecdotal evidence in humans. Specific antidotes are currently in phase 3 trials and could become available in the near future.
Effect of fluid medium in source rock porosity on oil primary migration
Authors: Zhongliang Ma , Lunju Zheng , Zhongxi Zhao , Ying Ge , Qin Xu 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
With the self-designed simulation instrument for hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in formation porosity under controlled heating and pressuring conditions, a series of experiments was made with different systems such as nitrogen-water vapor, water vapor-liquid water, liquid water, and anhydrous. Oil discharge efficiency was compared to study the effect of the fluid medium in source rock porosity on oil primary migration. In the oil and gas generation phase, pore space in the source rock was charged by fluids (hydrocarbon gas, non-hydrocarbon gas, oil, formation water) with certain temperature and pressure. Liquid water was an indispensable transport carrier in oil primary migration process. Water might adsorb onto the surface of minerals, preventeding the adsorption of hydrocarbon and was favorable for hydrocarbon migration. CO2 associated with hydrocarbon generation easily dissolved in oil, which reduced the interfacial tension between the oil and water, oil viscosity and oil migration resistance, and promoted oil primary migration.
Effects of simple acid leaching of crushed and powdered geological materials on high‐precision Pb isotope analyses
Authors: Todd Erin , Stracke Andreas , Scherer Erik E. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe present new results of simple acid leaching experiments on the Pb isotope composition of USGS standard reference material powders and on ocean island basalt whole rock splits and powders. Rock samples were leached with cold 6 N HCl in an ultrasonic bath, then on a hot plate, and washed with ultrapure H2O before sample digestion in HF‐HNO3 and chromatographic purification of Pb. Lead isotope analyses were measured by Tl‐doped MC‐ICPMS. Intrasession and intersession analytical reproducibilities of repeated analyses of both synthetic Pb solutions and Pb from single digests of chemically processed natural samples were generally better than 100 ppm (2 SD). The comparison of leached and unleached samples shows that leaching consistently removes variable amounts of contaminants that differ in Pb isotopic composition for different starting materials. For repeated digests of a single sample, analyses of leached samples reproduce better than those of unleached ones, confirming that leaching effectively removes most of the heterogeneously distributed extraneous Pb. Nevertheless, the external reproducibility of leached samples is still up to an order of magnitude worse than that of Pb solution standards (∼100 ppm). More complex leaching methods employed by earlier studies yield Pb isotope ratios within error of those produced by our method and at similar levels of reproducibility, demonstrating that our simple leaching method is as effective as more complex leaching techniques. Therefore, any Pb isotope heterogeneity among multiple leached digests of samples in excess of the external reproducibility is attributed to inherent isotopic heterogeneity of the sample. The external precision of ∼100 ppm (2 SD) achieved for Pb isotope ratio determination by Tl‐doped MC‐ICPMS is thus sufficient for most rocks. The full advantage of the most precise Pb isotope analytical methods is only realized in cases where the natural isotopic heterogeneity among samples in a studied suite is substantially below 100 ppm.
Abrupt intensification of North Atlantic Deep Water formation at the Nordic Seas during the late Pliocene climate transition
Authors: Sato Masahiko , Makio Masato , Hayashi Tatsuya , Ohno Masao 
Published: May 2015

AbstractKnowledge of the evolution of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is key to understanding the past evolution of the climatic system. Here we developed a new rock‐magnetic method to determine the constituent magnetic minerals of sediments and report on the evolution of NADW during 2.2–2.9 Ma. We measured isothermal remanence acquisition curves of North Atlantic deep‐sea sediments drilled at the Gardar Drift and decomposed the first derivatives of these curves into high‐coercivity and low‐coercivity components. Residuals of the decomposition were sufficiently small throughout the study interval, confirming that the Gardar Drift sediments represent a mixing of the two end‐members. Fractional changes of the high‐coercivity component represent variation of the Iceland‐Scotland Overflow Water, a branch of NADW formed at the Nordic Seas. The high‐coercivity component increased significantly during an interglacial period just after ~2.68 Ma, which suggests that NADW formation in the Nordic Seas abruptly intensified at this time.
Satellite constraint on the tropospheric ozone radiative effect
Authors: Rap A. , Richards N. A. D. , Forster P. M. , Monks S. A. , Arnold S. R. , Chipperfield M. P. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTropospheric ozone directly affects the radiative balance of the Earth through interaction with shortwave and longwave radiation. Here we use measurements of tropospheric ozone from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer satellite instrument, together with chemical transport and radiative transfer models, to produce a first estimate of the stratospherically adjusted annual radiative effect (RE) of tropospheric ozone. We show that differences between modeled and observed ozone concentrations have little impact on the RE, indicating that our present‐day tropospheric ozone RE estimate of 1.17 ± 0.03 W m−2 is robust. The RE normalized by column ozone decreased between the preindustrial and the present‐day. Using a simulation with historical biomass burning and no anthropogenic emissions, we calculate a radiative forcing of 0.32 W m−2 for tropospheric ozone, within the current best estimate range. We propose a radiative kernel approach as an efficient and accurate tool for calculating ozone REs in simulations with similar ozone abundances.
Three cases of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia associated with polytrauma
Authors: Yumoto Tetsuya , Sato Keiji , Fujii Nobuharu , Kinami Yo , Tsukahara Kohei , Ugawa Toyomu , Ichiba Shingo , Ujike Yoshihito 
Published: May 2015

CaseWe present three cases in which patients that had suffered polytrauma developed heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia after the start of heparin treatment for thrombosis. All three patients had high injury severity scores and required major surgery. They all started receiving unfractionated heparin for deep venous thrombosis with or without an asymptomatic pulmonary embolism. The patients were clinically diagnosed with heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia after their platelet counts fell or exhibited a delayed recovery.OutcomeHeparin‐induced thrombocytopenia and the associated thromboses were successfully treated by discontinuing all forms of heparin treatment and administering argatroban followed by warfarin.ConclusionEarly recognition and clinical diagnosis of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia is necessary for clinicians in cases in which severely injured trauma patients show reductions or delayed recovery in their platelet counts in combination with thrombosis after starting heparin treatment.
Human growth hormone‐loaded nanogels composed of cinnamoyl alginate, cinnamoyl Pluronic F127, and cinnamoyl poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: Lee Ju Hyup , Kim Jin‐Chul 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTCinnamoyl alginate (CinAlg), cinnamoyl Pluronic F127 (CinPlu), and cinnamoyl poly(ethylene glycol) (CinPEG) could be self‐assembled into nanogels, possibly due to hydrophobic interaction among cinnamic acid (CA) residues. The nanogels were nearly spherical particles on TEM photographs. The photodimerization of CA residue had little effect on the integrity and the size of nanogel. The stability of the nanogels in blood plasma for 48 h at 37°C did not depend on UV irradiation, however they were stable in deoxycholate solution (1 and 10 mM) only when they were UV‐treated. Human growth hormone (hGH) could readily be loaded in the nanogel under an acidic condition possibly due to the electrostatic interaction between hGH and CinAlg. hGH hardly released from the nanogel at body temperature (37°C) when the release medium was at acidic condition (e.g., pH 3.0, pH 5.0; <10% in 170 h). However, it readily released at the same temperature when the medium was at physiological pH (e.g., pH 7.4; around 45% in 170 h) and at an alkaline condition (e.g., pH 9.0; >50% in 170 h). However, slow release of hGH was observed for 100 h possibly due to the layer of thermally condensed Pluronic F127 chains. In addition, initial burst release was suppressed as the CinPlu content increased. For example, the release degree at pH 9 in 60 min decreased from 15.3 to 5.9% as the CinPlu content increased from 20 to 60%. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42446.
Periconceptional changes in weight and risk of delivering offspring with conotruncal heart defects
Authors: Carter Emily Hawkins , Carmichael Suzan L. , Birnie Krista , Yang Wei , Lammer Edward J. , Shaw Gary M. 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundMaternal nutritional status has been recognized as a contributor to conotruncal heart defects, but there is limited understanding of the specific nutrition‐related factors involved. In this California case‐control study of 296 conotruncal cases and 695 nonmalformed controls we explored whether weight loss during early pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of d‐transposition of the great arteries (dTGA) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) conotruncal defects.MethodsDuring telephone interviews women were asked whether they were dieting to lose weight or using weight loss remedies during 2 months before or 2 months after conception, and how much weight they gained or lost in the first 2 months of pregnancy or during the year before pregnancy.ResultsOdds ratios for dieting to lose weight and use of weight loss remedies for dTGA and TOF were not substantially elevated and all had confidence intervals that included 1.0. Mothers who had a loss of >5 lbs in the first 2 months of pregnancy as well as mothers who lost and gained >5 lbs in the first 2 months of pregnancy also did not show a significant increased risk of delivering case infants when compared with women with no weight change in the year before pregnancy.ConclusionGiven current recommendations about limited weight gain for obese pregnant women, these data indicate that dieting may not substantially increase a fetus' risk of having a conotruncal defect. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:843–846, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.