bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal, perinatal and neonatal risk factors for autism - study in Poland
Authors: Mrozek-Budzyn Dorota , Majewska Renata , Kieltyka Agnieszka 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The results of conducted research studies suggest that heredity and early fetal and neonatal development play a causal role in autism. The objective was to determine a relationship between pre-, peri-, and neonatal factors and autism. The relationship between genders and individual risk factors for autism was also examined. A case-control study was conducted among 288 children (96 cases with childhood or atypical autism and 192 controls individually matched to cases by the year of birth, sex, and general practitioners). Data on autism diagnosis and other medical conditions were acquired from physicians. All other information on potential autism risk factors were collected from mothers. Autism risk was significantly higher when mothers were taking medications (OR=2.72, 95%CI: 1.47-5.04) and smoked during pregnancy (OR=3.32, 95%CI: 1.12-9.82). It was also significantly associated with neonatal dyspnea (OR=3.20, 95%CI: 1.29-8.01) and congenital anomalies (OR=7.17, 95%CI: 2.23-23.1). In gender analysis only congenital anomalies were significantly associated with autism for girls but all of mentioned factors stayed independent risk factors for boys.
Younger Patients Report Greater Improvement in Self-Reported Function After Knee Joint Replacement
Authors: Street Brian D. , Wong Wesley , Rotondi Michael , Gage William 
Published: June 2013

Study Design Retrospective chart review. Objectives To evaluate and compare the relationship between patients' age and the change in Oxford Knee Score from preoperative to postoperative assessments, and to investigate whether there is a relationship between preoperative Oxford Knee Score results and the indication for total knee replacement surgery, and if age affects this relationship. Background An increasing number of younger patients receive knee joint replacements, yet it is unknown how this cohort functions after surgery. This warrants investigation into the potential age-related differences in joint function following surgery. The Oxford Knee Score has been validated as a clinical tool but has yet to be accepted in the decision-making process regarding the need for, or appropriateness of, total knee replacement. Methods In a retrospective chart review, 240 patients completed the Oxford Knee Score questionnaire to evaluate chronic pain and/or dysfunction associated with the knee. Results The largest improvement with joint replacement was observed to occur in the youngest patient group (50–59 years old). Moreover, the Oxford Knee Score was shown to be the strongest predictor (odds ratio = 0.61) for the indicated intervention when compared to other predictors. The youngest patient group reported a significantly (P<.03) higher Oxford Knee Score result when indicated for surgery, compared to the oldest patient group (80–89 years old). Conclusion The results provide insight into how age influences self-perceived joint function before and after joint replacement surgery, and into the clinical decision to provide the surgical option to younger patients. Moreover, the observed relationship between the Oxford Knee Score and the indicated treatment supports the use of the questionnaire as a preoperative tool in considering treatment options for patients with knee osteoarthritis. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 2b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(9):666–672. Epub 11 June 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4540
Cultural Studies and Sociology of Culture in Germany: Relations and Interrelations
Authors: Göttlich Udo 
Published: June 2013

Over the last three decades, attitudes towards cultural studies in Germany have developed within contexts of contact and conflict with a variety of disciplines, e.g. ethnology, anthropology, sociology, as well as the sociology of culture, liter-ary studies and Kulturwissenschaft(en). On the one hand there is a strong academic interest in how cultural studies perceives and analyzes media culture, popular culture and everyday life. On the other hand boundaries with humanities and social science remain, which leads to criticism and conflicts with cultural studies and its achievements.
I will discuss some of the problems concerning the perception and reception of cultural studies among representatives of Kulturwissenschaft(en) and sociology of culture. Furthermore I will draw on the role of cultural studies in thematizing cultural change and conflicts, and its ability to do so in a way that shows the importance of culture and politics.
The Bereavement Exclusion: the Truth between Pathology and Politics
Authors: Iglewicz Alana , Seay Kathryn , Vigeant Stefani , Jouhal Sandeep Kaur , Zisook Sidney 
Published: June 2013

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Describe the clinical context of the bereavement exclusion debate.

2.

List four arguments supporting the removal of the bereavement exclusion from the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
.

3.
Distinguish between symptoms of grief and symptoms of a major depressive episode.

Mr. D, 61 years old, has felt despondent over the past 4 weeks. He no longer experiences pleasure in his customary activities, has little appetite with a respective 7-pound weight loss in the past month, consistently awakens around 4 a.m., and has minimal energy, explaining “my tank is empty.” He also reports that he feels restless, “on-edge,” “can’t think straight,” and lacks motivation. He denies suicidal ideation and has no perceptual disturbances. He is able to work and care for himself, but not as effectively as usual.
The Bereavement Exclusion: Findings from a Field Study
Authors: Karam Elie G. , Tabet Caroline C. , Itani Lynn A. 
Published: June 2013

CME Educational Objectives1.Know the relative frequencies of the conditional criteria (psychomotor retardation, feelings of worthlessness, suicidal ideation and impairment) in bereavement-excluded (BE) and nonbereavement-excluded (NBE) major depressive episodes.2.Understand the frequency of the conditional criteria between BE and NBE episodes in four subtypes relevant to the bereavement exclusion (all episodes, short duration episodes, episodes without any conditional symptoms andDSM-IVbereavement-excluded episodes).3.Recognize treatment-seeking behavior among BE and NBE episodes.Both theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,third edition (DSM-III) and fourth edition (DSM-IV) demand extra criteria (bereavement criteria) for an episode of depression which satisfies the criteria of major depression if that episode follows the death of a loved one. This is of paramount importance because bereavement is a victim-independent stressor with universal prevalence.
Study Results and the Discriminant Validity of
DSM-IV
Bereavement Exclusion
Authors: Corruble Emmanuelle 
Published: June 2013

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Be aware of the possibility and clinical implications of recent bereavement in patients with major depressive episodes.

2.
Learn to diagnose a major depressive episode within 2 months of a loves one’s death if the required criteria are present.

3.
Understand how to treat a major depressive episode within 2 months of a loved one’s death using psychotherapy and/or drug treatments.

The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
, fourth edition’s (
DSM-IV
) diagnosis of major depressive episodes (MDE) is based on five criteria (see Table
1
, page 273). The “A” criteria cover symptoms; the “C” criteria cover distress and low-functioning; the other three criteria are based on “exclusions.” It is in the last criteria where the bereavement exclusion was included, stipulating that “The symptoms are not better accounted for by bereavement, ie, after the loss of a loved one, the symptoms persist for longer than 2 months or are characterized by marked functional impairment, morbid preoccupation with worthlessness, suicidal ideation, psychotic symptoms, or psychomotor retardation.”
1
An Ethnographic Case Study of Music Learning at a School for the Blind
Authors: Abramo Joseph Michael , Pierce Amy Elizabeth 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis ethnographic case study investigated the teaching and learning of music at a residential school for the blind in the southwest United States. Data collection included student and teacher interviews, and observation of classes and used a social constructivist framework of disability. Students reported that they received inadequate modifications in music instruction when they attended public school. At the school for the blind, students used a variety of resources, including modified standard notation and literary Braille, but not Braille music. These findings suggest students with visual impairments have unique and effective ways of communicating and learning music that differ from sighted students, but these abilities were not acknowledged in public school and they perceived this inequality. Finally, it is suggested that obtaining the perspectives of students who receive disability-specific education provides another facet to the research on perspectives on special education in music.
Second-Stage Music Teachers’ Perceptions of Career Development and Trajectory
Authors: Eros John 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the career development of three music teachers who are in the second stage of their teaching careers. Using research on both the teacher career cycle and the second stage of teaching, the participants were identified as second-stage teachers. The study employed a qualitative methodology that used a descriptive case study design (Merriam, 1998). The primary research questions were (a) how do participants perceive their career development from the first into the second stage, and (b) how do they anticipate their career trajectory through and beyond the second stage? Findings indicated that the participants perceived a transition from a first to a second stage, had different degrees and areas of self-confidence, were uncertain about their futures in music education, and were concerned about experiencing withdrawal from teaching. This study has implications for professional development, induction, and the retention and attrition of music teachers. Suggestions for further research are also included.
Perceived Use of Teacher Questioning in Secondary Music Ensembles
Authors: Haston Warren 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived use of teacher questioning in secondary music ensemble rehearsals. Participants responded to a questionnaire and reported their perceptions of the frequency of use of specific close-ended (SCE), general close-ended (GCE), open-ended (OPEN), and justification (JUST) questions. For SCE questions, the directors’ mean scores were higher than their respective students’ scores in six of nine cases. For GCE and OPEN questions, the directors’ mean scores were higher than their respective students’ mean scores were in eight of nine cases. For JUST questions, the directors’ mean scores were higher than their respective students’ scores in only three of nine cases. When considered collectively, directors reported greater perceived frequency of teacher questioning for SCE, GCE, and OPEN questions, but students reported greater perceived frequency of JUST questions. There was a significant relationship (p &lt; .001) between type of ensemble and perceived use of teacher questioning. Choral participants reported the highest frequency of all four types of questions. There were no significant relationships between grade in school, years of playing, or gender, and perceived frequency of teacher questioning. Teachers should be trained to use questioning strategies, and implement them from close-ended to justification in order to best help students understand musical concepts.
Décisions stratégiques dans la rivalité entre standards de qualité : le cas de la certification forestière
Authors: Mione Anne , Leroy Maya 
Published: June 2013

Cette contribution examine les relations concurrentielles entre organisations de standardisation. Elle présente le cas de la gestion durable des forêts. Une certification volontaire est mise en place pour protéger les forêts menacées au niveau mondial, mais le recours aux normes volontaires, en lieu et place de la règlementation, produit des effets inattendus. En particulier, les organisations de standardisation doivent gérer l’émergence de standards rivaux et se trouvent engagées dans des relations concurrentielles complexes. Puisant dans les apports des spécialistes du travail institutionnel et des interactions concurrentielles, nous montrons comment cette bataille se joue sur le terrain de la recherche de légitimité et par des actions concurrentielles qu’elles ont du mal à assumer.
Total Synthesis of Both Spiroketal Diastereomers of the Reported Structure of Cephalosporolide H
Authors: Fernandes Rodney A. , Halle Mahesh B. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA total synthesis of both spiroketal diastereomers of the reported structure of cephalosporolide H is accomplished in 12 steps and 9 % overall yield. The key steps involve Keck’s allylation, cross metathesis (to get the desired β,γ‐unsaturated ester), Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation (to install the β‐hydroxy‐γ‐lactone moiety), and spiroketalization to access both spiroketal diastereomers of the reported structure of the natural product.
A Concise Method for Synthesizing 1,4,8,11‐Tetraaza‐6,13‐dioxapentacene Derivatives
Authors: Li Gang , Long Guankui , Chen Wangqiao , Hu Fangzhong , Chen Yongsheng , Zhang Qichun 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA concise method for preparing five tetraazadioxaacene derivatives through condensation reactions between 2,3,7,8‐tetraaminodibenzo‐1,4‐dioxin tetrahydrochloride and commercially available diketones has been developed. The as‐prepared compounds have interesting photophysical and electrochemical properties. Cyclic voltammetry measurements demonstrate that compounds 4 and 5 have less negative reduction potentials, which is inconsistent with the results of DFT calculations, and both might be promising for use as active elements in organic electronics.
Masculinization of the eruption pattern of permanent mandibular canines in opposite sex twin girls
Authors: Heikkinen Tuomo , Harila Virpi , Tapanainen Juha S. , Alvesalo Lassi 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to explore the effect of prenatal androgenization on the clinical eruption of permanent teeth expressing dimorphism and bimaturism. The eruption curves of permanent teeth (except third molars), including those that make up the canine complex (permanent canines, lower first premolars), are compared among opposite sex twins (OS twins) relative to single‐born boys and girls. The comparisons are made with regard to three phases of eruption (pierced mucosa, half‐ erupted, and completely erupted) from a cross‐sectional sample of dental casts, using Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyzes. The casts were collected from 2159 school children from the US Collaborative Perinatal Project, including 39 pairs of OS‐twins, of which 12 pairs (30.8%) were Euro‐Americans and 27 pairs (69.2%) were of African‐American ancestry. The eruption patterns of the incisors, upper first molars, and lower canines were found to be significantly masculinized (delayed) among OS twin girls. The differences in most other teeth were either not significant, or the number of observations of active eruption phases were too few, such as in the upper first molars and incisors, to yield strong evidence and meaningful results. The masculinization of the tooth eruption pattern in OS twin girls is intriguing because of the lower canine responses during puberty, as well as canine primordial formation during early fetal androgenization of their co‐twin during the 8th to 14th gestational weeks. The present results offer a challenge for future research exploring tooth eruption mechanisms, and may also highlight some cases of delayed or ectopic canines, which are biased toward females. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:566–572, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Music, Memory, and Relatedness
Authors: Blum Lawrence D. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThis article examines the role of music and musical speech as transitional phenomena, as facilitators of early dyadic and later relationships, as aids to the development of memory, and as assisting in the self‐definition of individuals and groups. It draws on literature from psychoanalysis, developmental psychology, and neuroscience, and presents illustrations from individual development as well as cultural phenomena. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microstructural Analysis and Energy‐Filtered TEM Imaging to Investigate the Structure–Activity Relationship in Fischer–Tropsch Catalysts
Authors: Florea Ileana , Liu Yuefeng , Ersen Ovidiu , Meny Christian , Pham‐Huu Cuong 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe present herein the application of chemical imaging based on energy‐filtered TEM in 2 D and 3 D modes to determine the distribution of phases in Co/TiO2–SiC catalysts used in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. In combination with more traditional techniques such as high‐resolution TEM imaging, it allowed us to precisely characterize the microstructure and the relative distribution of the three compounds, Co, Si, and Ti, before and after the catalytic reaction. We show that the TiO2 doping was almost homogenous within the bimodal porous structure of β‐SiC. The characteristics of the cobalt nanoparticles depended on the phase they are in contact with: small nanoparticles are found on TiO2 and larger nanoparticles close to SiC. Enhancement of the catalytic performance and higher stability were observed for the Co/TiO2–SiC catalyst relative to Co/SiC, which was attributed to the better dispersion of cobalt on TiO2‐doped SiC support and to the relatively strong Co–TiO2 interaction. From a general point of view, this work illustrates that the advanced TEM‐based techniques are unavoidable for the characterization and the optimization of heterogeneous catalysts.
Kinetics of Melt Crystallization of a Sunflower Oil‐Based Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Mixture
Authors: Dasgupta S. , Ay P. , Kommolk R. , Xu S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractImportant parameters like supercooling and cooling rates affecting the melt crystallization of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) mixture obtained from sunflower oil were investigated and compared via high‐resolution polarized‐light microscopy. PUFA was thermally characterized in a differential scanning calorimeter and the significant liquid‐solid‐phase transition temperatures determined were then implemented in the development of specific temperature profiles. Analyzed between two glass slides, induction times were found to decrease with low crystallization temperatures and the number of nuclei per unit area increased with higher supercooling and cooling rates. A comparison between the linear crystal growth rates of pure standards of each of the main fatty acids present in the PUFA mixture and the PUFA mixture itself indicated that the latter is much slower than that of each of its pure components.
Revamping Dimethyl Ether Separation to a Single‐Step Process
Authors: Kiss A. A. , Ignat R. M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractProcess intensification techniques were recently proposed to improve the eco‐efficiency of the conventional dimethyl ether (DME) purification and methanol recovery distillation sequence, but they all require new specific equipment and hence rather high investment costs leading to several years of payback time. However, the alternative of reusing the existing equipment to revamp the two distillation columns of the downstream processing section into a single‐step separation was so far overlooked in the open literature. To solve the problem of costly DME separation, a novel single‐step DME separation taking place in a dividing‐wall column (DWC) is proposed that effectively integrates in one shell the tasks of DME purification and methanol recovery. The new process is optimized in terms of minimal energy requirements, taking into account the restrictions caused by reusing one distillation column like, such as limited diameter or reboiler/condenser heat duty. The results demonstrate that the DWC alternative is feasible and has better performances as compared to the classic sequence, i.e., 28 % lower operating costs and 20 % less capital investment.
Class III Delocalization and Exciton Coupling in a Bimetallic Bis‐ligand Radical Complex
Authors: Dunn Tim J. , Chiang Linus , Ramogida Caterina F. , Hazin Khatera , Webb Michael I. , Katz Michael J. , Storr Tim 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe geometric and electronic structure of an oxidized bimetallic Ni complex incorporating two redox‐active Schiff‐base ligands connected via a 1,2‐phenylene linker has been investigated and compared to a monomeric analogue. Information from UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provides important information on the locus of oxidation for the bimetallic complex. The neutral bimetallic complex is conformationally dynamic at room temperature, which complicates characterization of the oxidized forms. Comparison to an oxidized monomer analogue 1 provides critical insight into the electronic structure of the oxidized bimetallic complex 2. Oxidation of 1 provides [1.]+, which is characterized as a fully delocalized ligand radical complex; the spectroscopic signature of this derivative includes an intense NIR band at 4500 cm−1. Oxidation of 2 to the bis‐oxidized form affords a bis‐ligand radical species [2..]2+. Variable temperature EPR spectroscopy of [2..]2+ shows no evidence of coupling, and the triplet and broken symmetry solutions afforded by theoretical calculations are essentially isoenergetic. [2..]2+ is thus best described as incorporating two non‐interacting ligand radicals. Interestingly, the intense NIR intervalence charge transfer band observed for the delocalized ligand‐radical [1.]+ exhibits exciton splitting in [2..]2+, due to coupling of the monomer transition dipoles in the enforced oblique dimer geometry. Evaluating the splitting of the intense intervalence charge transfer band can thus provide significant geometric and electronic information in less rigid bis‐ligand radical systems. Addition of excess pyridine to [2..]2+ results in a shift in the oxidation locus from a bis‐ligand radical species to the NiIII/NiIII derivative [2(py)4]2+, demonstrating that the ligand system can incorporate significant bulk in the axial positions.
Higher Alcohol Synthesis: Product Analysis Using the Concept of Effective Carbon Numbers
Authors: Frank Benjamin , Xie Zai‐Lai , Trunschke Annette 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA catalytic setup for Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis to alkanes and alcohols is described. Within this single‐channel reactor unit the reaction conditions can be varied in the ranges of 25 – 400 °C, 1 – 100 bar, and 300 – 120 000 h–1 gas hourly space velocity (GHSV). The broad product spectrum is efficiently analyzed by GC/MS. The concept of effective carbon numbers, as typically applied in refining and high‐molecular chemistry, is suitable for the product spectrum comprising mainly alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. This article provides details about the setup and general measurement procedures.