bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a Combination of Prone Positioning and High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation on Blood Gas Exchange in an Experimental Pig Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Efekti Kombinacije Ležećeg Položaja I Oscilatorne Plućne Ventilacije Visoke Frekvencije Na Razmenu Gasova U Krvi Na Modelu Sindroma Akutnog Respiratornog Šoka Kod Svinja
Authors: Jiří Žurek , Petr Dominik , Peter Košut , Miroslav Šeda , Michal Fedora 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This animal study was conducted in order to verify the effects of combining highfrequency oscillatory ventilation and prone positioning and the order of application of both methods on blood gas exchange in an experimental model of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Forty domestic pigs were used for the study. Saline solution washout was produced by bilateral lung lavage. The lavage process was repeated until adequate impairment of gas exchange (defined as PaO2 < 100 mmHg) 60 min following the last lavage was achieved. Subsequently, lung injury was established and each model was randomized to one of five groups, with differences in the type of mechanical ventilation used (conventional mechanical ventilation in accordance with the principles of protective lung ventilation or high-frequency oscillatory ventilation) and also in the positioning of the experimental model (supine position or mode changing prone and supine positions in a ratio 18:6 hours).
The best oxygenation was achieved in the group prone position + high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. The most favorable combination in terms of carbon dioxide elimination is the high-frequency oscillatory ventilation + prone position. The best results in terms of oxygenation index value were obtained in the combination of a prone position with the high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and in the prone position.
In conclusion, by using combinations of prone positioning and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, one can achieve better blood gas parameters during acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Nosema Ceranae DNA in Honey Bee Haemolymph and Honey Bee Mite Varroa Destructor/DNK Nosema Ceranae U Hemolimfi Pčela I Pčelinjem Krpelju Varroa Destructor
Authors: Uroš Glavinić , Jevrosima Stevanović , Bojan Gajić , Predrag Simeunović , Spomenka Đurić , Branislav Vejnović , Zoran Stanimirović 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Honey bee mite Varroa destructor and microsporidium Nosema ceranae are currently considered the most important threats to honey bees and beekeeping. It has been believed that both N. apis and N. ceranae invade exclusively epithelial cells of the honey bee ventriculus. However, some fi ndings suggest that these microsporidia may infect other tissues of honey bees. There are indications that these pathogens could be found in honey bee haemolymph, as the medium for its distribution to anatomically distant tissues. Knowing that V. destructor being an ectoparasitic mite feeds on the honey bee’s haemolymph, the aim of this study was to investigate if DNA of Nosema spp. microsporidia could be found in honey bee haemolymph and in V. destructor.
The study was conducted on bee haemolymph and V. destructor mites from 44 Apis mellifera colonies. From each hive five mite individuals and 10 μL of haemolymph (from 4-5 bees) were used as samples for DNA isolation and PCR detection of Nosema spp.
The DNA of N. ceranae was confi rmed in 61.36% of V. destructor mites and 68.18% of haemolymph samples. This is the first report of N. ceranae DNA in honey bee haemolymph and in V. destructor mites. The finding of DNA of N. ceranae in V. destructor could be interpreted as the result of mite feeding on N. ceranae infected bee haemolymph. However, for a full confi rmation of the vector role of V. destructor in spreading of nosemosis, further microscopy investigations are required for the detection of spores in both investigated matrices (haemolymph and V. destructor internal tissues).
SNP Genetic Diversity Within a Fragment of the Gene Myo15a Responsible for the Hearing Process in a Population of Farmed and Free-Living Animals of the Canidae Family/SNP Genetski Deverzitet U Okviru Fragmenta Gena Myo15a, Odgovornog Za Sluh U Populaciji Životinja Familije Canidae U Uslovima Farmskog I Slobodnog Uzgoja
Authors: Andrzej Jakubczak , Magdalena Gryzinska , Beata Horecka , Katarzyna Dziadosz , Grazyna Jezewska-Witkowska 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The gene MYO15A is involved in the production of a protein included in the group of motor proteins known as myosins. Myosin XVA is located in the inner ear, the pituitary gland and other tissues, and has a substantial influence on the hearing process. Mutations in this gene cause amino acid substitutions in the conserved motor domain of the myosin chain, leading to shortening of the stereocilia in the hair cells, so that the function of myosin XVA is impaired. A research hypothesis was put forth that mutations in the gene responsible for the hearing process in animals of the Canidae family can cause hypoacusis, as well as substantial behavioural changes in dogs (ranging from timidity to aggressive behaviour). The study determined SNP polymorphism in a fragment of the gene MYO15A, which can cause hearing disorders or hypoacusis, in wild and farmed individuals of the Canidae family.
Detection of Listeria Spp. During Production and Ripening of Petrovská Klobása/Detekcija Listeria Spp. U Toku Proizvodnje I Zrenja Petrovačke Kobasice
Authors: Brankica Lakićević , Olivera Bunčić , Vera Katić , Zorica Lepšanović , Ljiljana Petrović , Vesna Janković , Predrag Ikonić 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the survival of Listeria spp. during the preparation and ripening of an artisan Serbian sausage (Petrovská klobása) and to characterize the isolates by amplification of the hlyA gene. Results obtained by standard microbiological and molecular methods showed that during fermentation, drying, ripening and storage of Petrovská klobása, 17 out of 99 samples were positive for the presence of Listeria spp. Among them we detected a hemolytic, atypical, non pathogenic L. innocua strain FSL J1-023, whose genome sequence is important in understanding the role of horizontal gene transfer and recombination in the evolution of pathogenicity of Listeria. The most important product characteristics influencing the survival and growth of Listeria spp. during production and ripening of Petrovská klobása were: pH, water activity, temperature and starter culture.
Occurrence of Bartonella Henselae, Felv and Fiv Infection in 60 Stray Cats from Serbia/Pojava Bartonella Henselae, Felv I Fiv Infekcije Kod 60 Uličnih Mačaka U Srbiji
Authors: Aleksandar Potkonjak , Vuk Vračar , Ivan Stančić , Ljubica Spasojević Kosić , Dragan Bacić , Marko Cincović , Bojan Toholj , Ognjen Stevančević , Zoran Ristić 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of coinfection with pathogens Bartonella henselae, feline immunodeficiency virus, and feline leukemia virus in stray cats from the area of Novi Sad and Belgrade, Serbia. Each of 60 individual cats was clinically examined and the blood sampled. Therewithal an epidemiological survey was made. Blood sera were separated by centrifugation and serologically tested in order to determine the presence of Bartonella henselae specific antibodies (by direct immunofluorescence assay), feline immunodeficiency virus specific antibodies (by rapid test SNAP Combo) and feline leukemia virus antigens (by rapid test SNAP Combo). Of the 60 cat sera, serologically examined using IFA test, 33 (55%) were positive for the presence of IgG specifi c to B. henselae antigens. A total of 13 (27%) of the 60 tested cat sera were positive for the presence of specific antibodies to FIV antigens. None of the 60 tested cat sera were positive for the presence of FeLV antigen. Of the 33 cat sera which contained IgG antibodies to B. henselae, 6 cat sera also gave a positive reaction to the presence of specific IgG antibodies to FIV; this was a coinfection seroprevalence of 10% in the total population of studied cats. The results obtained in this study indicate the presence of B. henselae and FIV coinfection in cats from Serbia, without FeLV positive cats. An increase in the manifestations of clinical symptoms in cats in which the serological tests determined coinfection with B. henselae and FIV is evident compared to those seropositive only to B. henselae.
Medical marijuana for cancer
Authors: Kramer Joan L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAnswer questions and earn CME/CNEMarijuana has been used for centuries, and interest in its medicinal properties has been increasing in recent years. Investigations into these medicinal properties has led to the development of cannabinoid pharmaceuticals such as dronabinol, nabilone, and nabiximols. Dronabinol is best studied in the treatment of nausea secondary to cancer chemotherapy and anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for those indications. Nabilone has been best studied for the treatment of nausea secondary to cancer chemotherapy. There are also limited studies of these drugs for other conditions. Nabiximols is only available in the United States through clinical trials, but is used in Canada and the United Kingdom for the treatment of spasticity secondary to multiple sclerosis and pain. Studies of marijuana have concentrated on nausea, appetite, and pain. This article will review the literature regarding the medical use of marijuana and these cannabinoid pharmaceuticals (with emphasis on indications relevant to oncology), as well as available information regarding adverse effects of marijuana use. CA Cancer J Clin 2015;65: 109–122. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Le narcissisme de l'enfant : nécessaire illusion ou inévitable imposture
Authors: Brun Danièle 
Published: December 2014

Conçu dans le contexte d’une querelle théorique avec deux de ses plus proches disciples, Adler et Jung, le concept de narcissisme porte la trace de la blessure vécue par Freud à cette occasion. Dans quelle mesure est-il l’expression de l’illusion de maintenir une unité perdue, voire de l’affirmation d’une unité jamais advenue ? Le narcissisme de l’enfant ou des parents projeté sur l’enfant jouerait alors le même rôle d’illusion de l’unité du moi masquant ses inévitables clivages.
L'histoire d'une phobie : l'enfant dans la psychanalyse
Authors: Houzel Didier 
Published: December 2014

L’histoire de la psychanalyse de l’enfant commence véritablement avec les deux pionnières que furent Melanie Klein et Anna Freud, même si avant leurs travaux Freud lui-même et quelques psychanalystes s’étaient intéressés à l’exploration psychanalytique de l’âme enfantine. Les découvertes apportées par cette exploration ont été essentielles pour la théorie et la pratique psychanalytiques, mais elles ont parfois remis en cause profondément les modèles antérieurs. Une réaction phobique tend toujours à se faire face aux apports de la psychanalyse de l’enfant. Est-ce une des raisons pour lesquelles la psychanalyse de l’enfant reste le parent pauvre de la psychanalyse ?
The effect of metastable pyroxene on the slab dynamics
Authors: Agrusta Roberto , van Hunen Jeroen , Goes Saskia 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSeismic studies show that some subducting slabs penetrate straight into the lower mantle, whereas others seem to flatten near the base of the mantle transition zone. Slab stagnation is often attributed to an increase in viscosity and phase transformations in the olivine system. However, recent mineral physics studies showed that due to extremely low transformational diffusion rates, low‐density metastable pyroxene may persist into the transition zone in cool slabs. Here we use a dynamically fully self‐consistent subduction model to investigate the influence of metastable pyroxene on the dynamics of subducting oceanic lithosphere. Our results show that metastable pyroxene affects slab buoyancy at least as much as olivine metastability. However, unlike metastable olivine, which can inhibit slab penetration in the lower mantle only for cold, old, and fast slabs, metastable pyroxene is likely to also affect sinking of relatively young and slow slabs.
Investigation of EMIC wave scattering as the cause for the BARREL 17 January 2013 relativistic electron precipitation event: A quantitative comparison of simulation with observations
Authors: Li Zan , Millan Robyn M. , Hudson Mary K. , Woodger Leslie A. , Smith David M. , Chen Yue , Friedel Reiner , Rodriguez Juan V. , Engebretson Mark J. , Goldstein Jerry , Fennell Joseph F. , Spence Harlan E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractElectromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves were observed at multiple observatory locations for several hours on 17 January 2013. During the wave activity period, a duskside relativistic electron precipitation (REP) event was observed by one of the Balloon Array for Radiation belt Relativistic Electron Losses (BARREL) balloons and was magnetically mapped close to Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) 13. We simulate the relativistic electron pitch angle diffusion caused by gyroresonant interactions with EMIC waves using wave and particle data measured by multiple instruments on board GOES 13 and the Van Allen Probes. We show that the count rate, the energy distribution, and the time variation of the simulated precipitation all agree very well with the balloon observations, suggesting that EMIC wave scattering was likely the cause for the precipitation event. The event reported here is the first balloon REP event with closely conjugate EMIC wave observations, and our study employs the most detailed quantitative analysis on the link of EMIC waves with observed REP to date.
Nucleophilic Addition Reaction to the Iminium Salts Generated from Pipecolic Acid Derivatives and Application to the Synthesis of Bicyclic Compounds
Authors: Shimizu Makoto , Yato Atsuhiro , Kawamura Takato 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNucleophilic addition of Grignard reagents to the iminium salts generated by the oxidation of cyclic amino ketene silyl acetals derived from pipecolic acid gave α‐quaternary amino ester derivatives. Bicyclic compounds were prepared from N‐allylated and homoallylated derivatives with vinylaion, allylation, or homoallylation followed by ring‐closing metathesis. Application of this method to the synthesis of (±)‐S22178, a potent 5‐HT1A agonist, was also described.
Emulsion Ripening through Molecular Exchange at Droplet Contacts
Authors: Roger Kevin , Olsson Ulf , Schweins Ralf , Cabane Bernard 
Published: December 2014

AbstractTwo coarsening mechanisms of emulsions are well established: droplet coalescence (fusion of two droplets) and Ostwald ripening (molecular exchange through the continuous phase). Here a third mechanism is identified, contact ripening, which operates through molecular exchange upon droplets collisions. A contrast manipulated small‐angle neutron scattering experiment was performed to isolate contact ripening from coalescence and Ostwald ripening. A kinetic study was conducted, using dynamic light scattering and monodisperse nanoemulsions, to obtain the exchange key parameters. Decreasing the concentration or adding ionic repulsions between droplets hinders contact ripening by decreasing the collision frequency. Using long surfactant chains and well‐hydrated heads inhibits contact ripening by hindering fluctuations in the film. Contact ripening can be controlled by these parameters, which is essential for both emulsion formulation and delivery of hydrophobic ingredients.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Structure Elucidation of Peptide b2 Ions
Authors: Liu Pengyuan , Cooks R. Graham , Chen Hao 
Published: December 2014

AbstractTandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is powerful for chemical identification but it is still insufficient for explicit ion structure determination. A strategy is introduced to elucidate MS fragment ion structures using NMR spectroscopy for the first time. In our experiments, precursor ions are dissociated at atmospheric pressure and the resulting fragment ions are identified by mass spectrometry but collected outside the mass spectrometer, making the subsequent NMR measurements possible. This new strategy has been applied to determine the chemical structure of the characteristic b2 fragment ion, a subject of longstanding debate in MS‐based proteomics.
Die Kugeligkeit als geometrische Kenngröße für die Kompaktheit von Gebäuden
Authors: Grafe Michael 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIm Bauwesen werden kompakte Baukörper aus unterschiedlichen Motiven heraus als sinnvoll erachtet. Die Kompaktheit eines Gebäudes wird bisher mit dem A/V‐Verhältnis durch eine Kenngröße abgebildet, die neben der Geometrie auch die Größe des Baukörpers beschreibt. Größere Baukörper gelten danach als kompakter gegenüber kleineren Baukörpern. In diesem Aufsatz wird die Kugeligkeit von Gebäuden als eine Kenngröße vorgeschlagen, die allein die Geometrie des Baukörpers beschreibt. Sie gibt an, um welchen Faktor die Oberfläche des Baukörpers gegenüber der Oberfläche der volumengleichen Kugel vergrößert ist. Für die Kugeligkeit einfacher geometrischer Körper werden Kennzahlen angegeben, die Hinweise zur Bewertung der Kompaktheit realer Baukörper geben. Abschließend wird eine Funktion zur Beschreibung der optimalen Kugeligkeit eines Baukörpers vorgeschlagen.Sphericity as geometrical caracteristic for the compactness of buildings. In civil engineering compact structures are considered useful due to different reasons. Up to now the compactness of a building is usually caracterized by the surface‐volume ratio, which describes the geometry and the size of the structure. Following this concept larger structures are considered as more compact than smaller ones. In this article the sphericity of buildings is suggested as a characteristic, that sole describes the geometry of the structure. It indicates the factor by which the surface of the structure is increased compared to the surface of the sphere of equal volume. For the sphericity of simple geometrical shapes characteristic numbers are specified which give information and giudance for the evaluation of the compactness of real structures. Finally a function is suggested for the description of the optimal sphericity of a structure.
Grenzen der Dämmung opaker Bauteile
Authors: Jochum Patrick , Mellwig Peter 
Published: December 2014

AbstractDas Energiekonzept der Bundesregierung sieht vor, den Einsatz fossiler Brennstoffe in Gebäuden bis zum Jahre 2050 um 80 % zu senken. Da bis 2050 voraussichtlich noch rund 80 % der heutigen Gebäude stehen werden, adressiert dieses Ziel vor allem den Gebäudebestand. Die grundsätzlich einsetzbaren Werkzeuge auf dem Weg zu diesem Ziel sind die Verbesserung der thermischen Hülle und der Einsatz erneuerbarer Energien. Beide Werkzeuge stehen jedoch nur in begrenztem Umfang zur Verfügung und somit stellt sich die Frage, mit welchen jeweiligen Anteilen sie zur Zielerreichung beitragen können. Das Niveau des Wärmeschutzes hängt direkt von den erreichbaren Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten (U‐Werten) der Bauteile ab. Heutige U‐Werte liegen in der Größenordnung von 0,30 bis 0,14 W/(m²K). In diesem Artikel soll gezeigt werden, wie weit die Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten durch Dämmmaßnahmen künftig noch weiter sinnvoll abgesenkt werden können. Dabei können neue Dämmstoffe, die erst in der Zukunft entwickelt werden und deren Eigenschaften wir noch nicht kennen, natürlich nur begrenzt vorgedacht werden. Es können jedoch Grundprinzipien gezeigt werden, von denen auch künftige Dämmstoffe betroffen sein werden, aus denen sich gewisse Untergrenzen für den U‐Wert ableiten lassen.The limits of insulation for opaque structural elements. The German Federal government’s Energy Concept pledges an 80 % reduction in the use of fossil fuels in buildings by 2050. Since around 80 % of existing buildings will still be standing in 2050, this target primarily encompasses the current building stock. The main tools available for use in achieving this target are improvements to the thermal envelope and the use of renewable energies. Yet there are limits to the scope for using these tools. This begs the question of the extent to which each tool can help achieve the target. The level of thermal protection depends directly on the heat transfer coefficients (U‐values) that can be achieved in each structural element. Current U‐values are in the order of 0.30 to 0.14 W/(m²K). In the present article, we investigate any significant reduction in heat transfer coefficients that can be achieved in future using insulation measures. The properties of as yet undeveloped insulation materials are of course unknown, and hence for the purposes of our investigation cannot be considered in full. It will however be possible to demonstrate basic principles which will also apply to any future insulation materials, and to derive from these specific lower limits for U‐values.
Einheitliche Schallschutz‐Maße und Schallschutz‐Klassifikationen im Wohnungsbau
Authors: Lang Judith 
Published: December 2014

AbstractEine internationale Studiengruppe mit Vertretern aus 30 europäischen Ländern hat zum Thema “Einheitliche Größen zur Beschreibung des Schallschutzes in Wohngebäuden und Klassifizierung des Schallschutzes und Zusammenhang der physikalischen Größen und subjektiver Zufriedenheit mit dem Schallschutz“ gearbeitet und die Ergebnisse in dem Buch “COST Action TU0901 Towards a common framework in building acoustics throughout Europe“ zusammengefasst, ein ausführlicheres e‐Book folgt. Um die Diskussion darüber in Österreich und auch in Deutschland anzuregen, werden hier die wichtigsten Eckpunkte und Empfehlungen dargestellt.
Maternal and Paternal Filicide: Case Studies from the Australian Homicide Project
Authors: Eriksson Li , Mazerolle Paul , Wortley Richard , Johnson Holly 
Published: December 2014

Data drawn from the Australian Homicide Project were used to examine whether and how maternal and paternal filicide perpetrators differ in terms of motivations for filicide and childhood and adulthood adversities. In addition, key differences between filicide and non‐filicide perpetrators were examined. Data were collected across a number of states and territories in Australia between 2010 and 2013 through interviews with 231 men and women convicted of murder or manslaughter. Of these participants, 14 had perpetrated filicide. Detailed information on the developmental background of the perpetrators, as well as motives and situational contexts of the homicide incidents, was gathered through the interviews. Findings from the current study reveal some important gender differences among filicide perpetrators. For example, filicidal fathers are more likely to perpetrate accidental filicide, and to report unemployment, alcohol and drug problems and previous engagement in child abuse, while filicidal mothers are more likely to perpetrate altruistic or neglectful filicide, and to report mental health problems. In addition, male filicide perpetrators report a greater number of adversities compared to male non‐filicide perpetrators, while female filicide perpetrators display fewer adversities compared to their non‐filicide counterparts.‘Findings from the current study reveal some important gender differences among filicide perpetrators’Key Practitioner Messages

Practitioners are uniquely placed to assist in filicide prevention.
Opportunities for service providers to raise awareness of key risk factors for filicide are crucial.
Health and social service providers are ideally placed to screen parents seeking support to uncover early warning risks.
Mental health service support is crucial, particularly for mothers, as is screening parents for severe depression or suicidal ideations.
Provision of parenting support skills to help parents cope with extreme stress appears salient.
‘Health and social service providers are ideally placed to screen parents seeking support to uncover early warning risks’