bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health correlates of drug treatment among women who use methamphetamine
Authors: Rade Candalyn B. , Desmarais Sarah L. , Van Dorn Richard A. , Lutnick Alexandra , Kral Alex H. , Lorvick Jennifer 
Published: August 2015

Background and ObjectivesWomen comprise over one‐third of people who use methamphetamine in the United States and have a higher prevalence of negative mental health consequences of methamphetamine use than men. Yet, few studies have investigated the mental health correlates of drug treatment among this population. We examined the relationship between mental disorders, mental health treatment, and drug treatment among women who use methamphetamine.MethodsWe used respondent‐driven sampling to recruit women who use methamphetamine (N = 322) for a survey about mental disorders, mental health treatment, drug use and treatment, and sociodemographic factors. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted.ResultsBivariate analyses indicated that race/ethnicity, mental health treatment, and presence and number of mental disorders were associated with drug treatment. Multivariable analyses revealed that women who reported mental health treatment during a 6‐month period had almost twice the odds of also reporting drug treatment than other women (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.11, 3.25), after controlling for mental disorders and race/ethnicity.ConclusionAmong women who use methamphetamine, participation in one service system (mental health treatment) is a key factor in increasing the odds of participation in another service system (drug treatment). Further research should establish the temporal association between mental health and drug treatment.Scientific SignificanceThe present study demonstrates the association between mental health treatment and drug treatment, above and beyond presence or number of mental disorders, and provides direction for drug treatment providers seeking to improve treatment entry and participation among women who use methamphetamine. (Am J Addict 2015;XX:1–8)
Tungsten lamp and chronic actinic dermatitis
Authors: Hu Stephen Chu‐Sung , Lan Cheng‐Che E 
Published: August 2015

AbstractChronic actinic dermatitis is often associated with sensitivity to UV light. It is not well recognised that chronic actinic dermatitis may be exacerbated by light in the visible spectrum. We describe an unusual case of chronic actinic dermatitis exacerbated by a tungsten lamp, which emits light in the visible spectrum.
Palmoplantar keratoses and Bowen's disease in a Vietnam veteran: Could Agent Blue be implicated?
Authors: Cognetta Armand B , Wolfe Christopher M , Herbst Alexander T 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAgent Blue was an arsenical herbicide used extensively in the Vietnam War. Arsenic is one of the known causes of acquired palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK). The most common manifestation of arsenic exposure in susceptible individuals is bilateral palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. We report a 67‐year‐old man with no known prior exposure to arsenic in the USA or family history of PPK who developed multiple squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS) and palmoplantar hyperkeratotic lesions beginning 23 years after service in Vietnam. The SCCIS were located on the trunk and extremities in both sun‐exposed and non‐sun‐exposed sites and his palmoplantar lesions were diagnosed concurrently with his SCCIS. He has continued to develop SCCIS since his first visit to our clinic 25 years ago.
Influence of anterior vaginal mesh with concomitant mid‐urethral sling surgery on stress urinary incontinence: clinical and sonographic outcome
Authors: Lo Tsia‐Shu , Tan Yiap Loong , Cortes Eileen Feliz Mendoza , Lin Yi‐Hao , Wu Pei‐Ying , Pue Leng Boi 
Published: August 2015

IntroductionTo clinically and sonographically evaluate the influence of anterior vaginal mesh (AVM) surgery with concomitant mid‐urethral sling surgery (MUS) for stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Materials and MethodsWomen with severe symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (POP) stage III or IV with concomitant SUI were divided into two groups: Group I had transobturator tape (TOT) and AVM surgery and Group II underwent TOT without AVM surgery. Clinical outcome was assessed pre‐operatively and 1 year post‐operatively, while ultrasound evaluations were performed after one year. Objective cure was defined as no urinary leakage demonstrable on provocative filling cystometry. Subjective SUI cure was a negative response to Urogenital Distress Inventory Six (UDI‐6) (question 3).ResultsA total of 97 women were recruited, 57 in Group I and 40 in Group II. Three women had symptomatic prolapse in Group I and 5 in Group II. There were no differences in the ultrasound and clinical outcomes between women who had mid‐urethral slings with and without AVM. Successful SUI outcome was reported in 85 women. Urethral kinking was demonstrable in 50% of successful cases, but none with failed outcomes. Subanalysis among those with successful SUI outcome (n = 85) and failure (n = 12) revealed the tape, bladder neck and mesh mobility was significantly higher (P < 0.001) among those with SUI success.ConclusionsAmong women who had MUS, there were no differences in the ultrasound and clinical outcome between those who had AVM or otherwise.
The Political Ecology of Palk Bay Fisheries: Geographies of Capital, Fisher Conflict, Ethnicity and Nation‐State
Authors: Menon Ajit , Bavinck Maarten , Stephen Johny , Manimohan R. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIndian trawl fishers in the Palk Bay regularly engage in cross‐border fishing to the detriment of Sri Lankan artisanal fishers whose nets are irreparably damaged. Increasing tension between Indian trawl fishers from the state of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lankan artisanal fishers from the Northern Province has resulted in the Sri Lankan government patrolling the international maritime boundary line (IMBL) more stringently and increased arrests of Indian trawl fishers. This paper argues that the present “fisheries crisis” in the Palk Bay must be understood from a political ecology perspective that takes cognizance of the circuitous nature of capital accumulation and how fisher conflict, ethnicity and the politics of the nation‐state have shaped the spatial practices of accumulation. In a changing global context where semi‐industrial vessels are increasingly crossing boundaries, it argues for more context specific studies of processes of capital accumulation.
Apparent ileal digestibility of nutrients and amino acids in soybean meal, fish meal, spray‐dried plasma protein and fermented soybean meal to weaned pigs
Authors: Jeong Jin Suk , Park Jae Won , Lee Sang In , Kim In Ho 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study sought to determine whether fermentation could increase apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), energy (E) and amino acids (AA) in fermented soybean meal (FSBM) greater than that of soybean meal (SBM) in weaned pigs. Four weaned pigs (10.00 ± 0.30 kg) were surgically equipped with T‐cannulas and randomly followed a 4 × 4 Latin square design of treatments (SBM, FSBM, fish meal and spray‐dried plasma protein). Overall, the fermentation process was able to reduce the amount of anti‐nutritional factors (ANF), including trypsin inhibitors, raffinose and stachyose, in the FSBM diet, which were significantly reduced by 39.4, 92.2, and 92.9%, respectively, as compared to the SBM diet. As a consequence of ANF reduction in FSBM, the AID of DM, N and E as well as AA was significantly greater with FSBM than SBM. Taken all together, the fermentation process improved the nutritional quality of SBM, due to ANF reduction, leading to improvement of digestibility of AA. As such, FSBM can be potentially used as a specialized feed ingredient, especially for young animal diets in an attempt to reduce diet costs.
Evaluation of changes in oral drug absorption in preterm and term neonates for Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class I and II compounds
Authors: Somani Amit A. , Thelen Kirstin , Zheng Songmao , Trame Mirjam N. , Coboeken Katrin , Meyer Michaela , Schnizler Katrin , Ince Ibrahim , Willmann Stefan , Schmidt Stephan 
Published: August 2015

AimsEvidence suggests that the rate of oral drug absorption changes during early childhood. Yet, respective clinical implications are currently unclear, particularly for preterm neonates. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in oral drug absorption after birth for different Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class I and II compounds to better understand respective implications for paediatric pharmacotherapy.MethodsTwo paradigm compounds were selected for BCS class I (paracetamol (acetaminophen) and theophylline) and II (indomethacin and ibuprofen), respectively, based on the availability of clinical literature data following intravenous and oral dosing. A comparative population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed in a step‐wise manner in nonmem® 7.2 to characterize and predict changes in oral drug absorption after birth for paracetamol, theophylline and indomethacin.ResultsA one compartment model with an age‐dependent maturation function for oral drug absorption was found appropriate to characterize the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol. Our findings indicate that the rate at which a drug is absorbed from the GI tract reaches adult levels within about 1 week after birth. The maturation function for paracetamol was found applicable to theophylline and indomethacin once solubility limitations were overcome via drug formulation. The influence of excipients on solubility and, hence, oral bioavailability was confirmed for ibuprofen, a second BCS class II compound.ConclusionsThe findings of our study suggest that the processes underlying changes in oral drug absorption after birth are drug‐independent and that the maturation function identified for paracetamol may be generally applicable to other BCS class I and II compounds for characterizing drug absorption in preterm as well as term neonates.
A Bayesian Model for Quantifying the Change in Mortality Associated with Future Ozone Exposures Under Climate Change
Authors: Alexeeff Stacey E. , Pfister Gabriele G. , Nychka Doug 
Published: August 2015

Summary
Climate change is expected to have many impacts on the environment, including changes in ozone concentrations at the surface level. A key public health concern is the potential increase in ozone-related summertime mortality if surface ozone concentrations rise in response to climate change. Although ozone formation depends partly on summertime weather, which exhibits considerable inter-annual variability, previous health impact studies have not incorporated the variability of ozone into their prediction models. A major source of uncertainty in the health impacts is the variability of the modeled ozone concentrations. We propose a Bayesian model and Monte Carlo estimation method for quantifying health effects of future ozone. An advantage of this approach is that we include the uncertainty in both the health effect association and the modeled ozone concentrations. Using our proposed approach, we quantify the expected change in ozone-related summertime mortality in the contiguous United States between 2000 and 2050 under a changing climate. The mortality estimates show regional patterns in the expected degree of impact. We also illustrate the results when using a common technique in previous work that averages ozone to reduce the size of the data, and contrast these findings with our own. Our analysis yields more realistic inferences, providing clearer interpretation for decision making regarding the impacts of climate change.
Endocrine abnormalities in HIV‐infected women are associated with peak viral load – the Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging (CARMA) Cohort
Authors: Sokalski Kristen M. , Chu Jackson , Mai Alice Y. , Qiu Annie Q. , Albert Arianne Y.K. , Zanet DeAnna L. , Côté Hélène C.F. , Maan Evelyn J. , Pick Neora , Prior Jerilynn C. , Money Deborah M. , Murray Melanie C. M. ,   the CIHR team grant on HIV therapy and aging: CARMA
Published: August 2015

SummaryObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of endocrine disturbances in a group of HIV‐positive (HIV+) women and to identify factors affecting presence of these disorders. To examine specifically whether cellular ageing, as measured by leukocyte telomere length (LTL), is correlated with the presence of endocrine disturbance.DesignA cross‐sectional retrospective substudy of an ongoing prospective cohort study.PatientsAdult HIV+ (≥19 years) women enrolled in the CARMA (Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging) cohort study (N = 192). Prevalences of T2DM, glucose intolerance, dyslipidaemia, thyroid disorders, adrenal insufficiency, hypogonadism, primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), demographics, HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection status, baseline LTL, combined antiRetroviral therapy (cART) and substance exposures were collected. Statistical analysis included univariable followed by multivariable Poisson regression and step‐wise reduction to refine the multivariable model.ResultsPrevalence of any endocrine abnormality was 58% (dyslipidaemia 43%, glucose intolerance/T2DM 13%, thyroid disorders 15%). In multivariable analysis, age was associated with number and type (any, glucose, lipid) of abnormality, while increasing body mass index (BMI) was associated with number of diagnoses and with glucose metabolism disorders. Interestingly, peak HIV pVL ≥100 000 copies/ml was associated with any abnormality, total number of disorders and presence of a thyroid disorder, while any disorder, glucose abnormalities and dyslipidaemia were negatively associated with alcohol use. LTL was not associated with number or type of endocrine abnormalities in this study.ConclusionFurther studies examining the relationship between duration and extent of exposure to HIV viraemia in relation to developing abnormal endocrine function are warranted.
Bevacizumab is safe in acute relapses of neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Mealy Maureen A. , Shin Kyong , John Gareth , Levy Michael 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesNeuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a relapsing autoimmune disease targeting the spinal cord and optic nerve leading to paralysis and blindness. Current treatment for acute NMO attacks is immunosuppression with high‐dose corticosteroids and/or plasmapheresis. Preclinical animal studies suggest that bevacizumab might be beneficial in limiting the extent of inflammation during a NMO relapse by reducing the disruption of the blood–brain barrier.MethodsWe carried out an open‐label phase 1b safety and proof‐of‐concept trial in 10 participants with NMO immunoglobulin G seropositive NMO, NMO spectrum disease and those at high risk for developing NMO/NMO spectrum disease who presented with an acute attack of transverse myelitis, optic neuritis or brainstem inflammation. In addition to treating with 1 g of daily intravenous methylprednisolone, we infused 10 mg/kg of bevacizumab intravenously on day 1 of treatment. The primary outcome measure was safety and the secondary outcome measure was efficacy.ResultsOf the 10 participants enrolled, five presented with acute transverse myelitis, four with acute optic neuritis and one with a brainstem lesion. Bevacizumab was safe in all 10 participants, with only one serious adverse event within the 90‐day follow up that was not attributed to the medication. Three patients recovered to pre‐attack neurological function or better, and no patients required escalation to plasmapheresis.ConclusionsBevacizumab is a safe add‐on therapy to high‐dose corticosteroids for NMO/NMO spectrum disease patients presenting with an acute relapse.
The tipping point: fateful moments in child protection
Authors: Kettle Martin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSocial workers working to protect children face the prospect of making very finely balanced judgements, often on the basis of incomplete information. Based on doctoral research into sense‐making by social workers, this paper explores aspects of the tipping point, i.e. where the categorization of a child's situation changes, potentially leading to a very different response to their needs. Those aspects include identifying the triggers for, and consequences of, the tipping point, and being aware that the tipping point being reached may have to do with changes in the internal world of the worker as well as changes in the circumstances of the family.This paper stresses the need for a more nuanced understanding of the tipping point, and emphasizes the need to take account of the processes of decision‐making, and of looking at both inter‐ and intra‐personal components of those processes. Further, it is argued that a cautious attitude requires to be taken towards technical–rational solutions and that there is a real need to place professional judgement and consideration of the tacit dimension at the heart of the child protection process.
Mesh Sequence Morphing
Authors: Chen Xue , Feng Jieqing , Bechmann Dominique 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMorphing is an important technique for the generation of special effects in computer animation. However, an analogous technique has not yet been applied to the increasingly prevalent animation representation, i.e. 3D mesh sequences. In this paper, a technique for morphing between two mesh sequences is proposed to simultaneously blend motions and interpolate shapes. Based on all possible combinations of the motions and geometries, a universal framework is proposed to recreate various plausible mesh sequences. To enable a universal framework, we design a skeleton‐driven cage‐based deformation transfer scheme which can account for motion blending and geometry interpolation. To establish one‐to‐one correspondence for interpolating between two mesh sequences, a hybrid cross‐parameterization scheme that fully utilizes the skeleton‐driven cage control structure and adapts user‐specified joint‐like markers, is introduced. The experimental results demonstrate that the framework, not only accomplishes mesh sequence morphing, but also is suitable for a wide range of applications such as deformation transfer, motion blending or transition and dynamic shape interpolation.
A molecular phylogenetic approach to the systematics of Cylindropuntieae (Opuntioideae, Cactaceae)
Authors: Bárcenas Rolando T. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPrevious taxonomic schemes for the Cylindropuntieae were re‐evaluated in the light of a molecular phylogeny derived from a Bayesian, maximum‐likelihood and parsimony reconstructions with three plastid regions (atpB‐rbcL, psbA‐trnH and trnK/matK data sets). The reconstruction revealed that Corynopuntia and Grusonia as currently defined were polyphyletic. Quiabentia, Micropuntia, Pereskiopsis and Cylindropuntia were the only genera recovered as monophyletic. Grusonia s.s. (only including G. bradtiana) is nested in a polytomy with the rest of the species of Corynopuntia. Grusonia s.l. (G. bradtiana plus Corynopuntia) and Corynopuntia as currently defined are polyphyletic because G. pulchella is sister to Pereskiopsis. Some previous taxonomic proposals for Cylindropuntia and Grusonia recognized polyphyletic series and subgenera that do not conform to the strongly supported monophyletic groups here recovered. This study proposes redefining the polyphyletic Grusonia excluding G. pulchella in order to recognize a strongly supported monophyletic genus and the acceptance of a monotypic Micropuntia (G. pulchella) avoiding a new combination into Pereskiopsis. The infrageneric classification for Grusonia is discussed and the recognition of only four monophyletic strongly supported series (Bigelovianae, Imbricatae, Leptocaules and Ramosissimae) for Cylindropuntia is presented.
A large‐scale phylogeny of the lycophyte genusSelaginella(Selaginellaceae: Lycopodiopsida) based on plastid and nuclear loci
Authors: Zhou Xin‐Mao , Rothfels Carl J. , Zhang Liang , He Zhao‐Rong , Le Péchon Timothée , He Hai , Lu Ngan Thi , Knapp Ralf , Lorence David , He Xing‐Jin , Gao Xin‐Fen , Zhang Li‐Bing 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe lycophyte genusSelaginellaalone constitutes the family Selaginellaceae, the largest of the lycophyte families. The genus is estimated to contain 700–800 species distributed on all continents except Antarctica, with highest species diversity in tropical and subtropical regions. The monophyly ofSelaginellain this broad sense has rarely been doubted, whereas its intrageneric classification has been notoriously contentious. Previous molecular studies were based on very sparse sampling ofSelaginella(up to 62 species) and often usedDNAsequence data from one genome. In the present study,DNAsequences of one plastid (rbcL) and one nuclear (ITS) locus from 394 accessions representing approximately 200 species ofSelaginellaworldwide were used to infer a phylogeny using maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference and maximum parsimony methods. The study identifies strongly supported major clades and well resolves relationships among them. Major results include: (i) six deep‐level clades are discovered representing the deep splits ofSelaginella; and (ii) 20 major clades representing 20 major evolutionary lineages are identified, which differ from one another in molecular, macro‐morphological, ecological and spore features, and/or geographical distribution.
Immediately provisionalized OsseoSpeed™Profile implants inserted into extraction sockets: 3‐year results
Authors: Noelken Robert , Oberhansl Fabienne , Kunkel Martin , Wagner Wilfried 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesA sloped shoulder might improve the congruence between extraction socket and dental implant and may add to a better circumferential support of the peri‐implant structures. Therefore, this study evaluates the 3‐year clinical outcome (survival and success rates, marginal bone levels, and Pink Esthetic Score (PES)) of immediately inserted and provisionalized OsseoSpeed™ Profile implants in the anterior maxilla.Material and methodsTwenty‐one implants were inserted in 16 patients. All implants were immediately placed into extraction sites with and without facial bone deficiencies. A flapless procedure was utilized, and the implants were provisionalized immediately. Facial gaps were grafted with autogenous bone chips from the mandibular ramus. Implant survival and success, the interproximal bone levels, the thickness of the facial bony wall, and the PES were evaluated.ResultsAfter a mean follow‐up period of 43 months, 19 implants were still in function. One patient with 1 implant did not follow the study protocol (dropout) and 1 implant was lost at 10 weeks. Interproximal marginal bone levels measured −0.2 ± 0.4 mm (range, −1.0–0.4 mm) apical to the implant shoulder. The mean PES ratings were 11.9 ± 1.4 (range, 8–14) at the final examination.ConclusionsClinical and radiographic results provide evidence that sloped implants can preserve the marginal bone circumferentially and are able to maintain soft tissue esthetics when inserted and provisionalized immediately, even in the presence of facial bony wall defects.