bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitive and rapid determination of tetracycline antibiotic by carrot juice‐derived carbon dots as a fluorescent probe
Authors: Mohammadnejad Masoumeh , Alekasir Robab 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe antibiotic tetracycline can be efficiently used as medicine for the deterrence of bacterial infections in humans, animals, and plants. However, the unprecedented use of tetracycline is of great concern owing to its low biodegradability, extensive usage, and adverse impacts on the environment and water quality. In this study, a sensitive spectrofluorometric method was proposed for the direct determination of tetracycline, based on biocompatible fluorescent carbon dots (CDs). The synthesis of CDs was performed by adopting a green hydrothermal procedure from carrot juice without requiring surface passivation or outflowing any environmentally hazardous waste. X‐ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy revealed amorphous spherical‐shaped CDs that exhibited blue emission under blue illumination. The fabricated fluorescent probe directly detected tetracycline in the concentration range of 4.00 × 10−6 to 1.55 × 10−5 mol L−1 with an LOD of 1.33 × 10−6 mol L−1. The performance of the probe was assessed in a tap water sample, with recovery values between 80.70 and 103.60%. The method's greenness was evaluated using the Analytical Green metric approach (AGREE) and confirmed to be within the green range. The developed method is facile, rapid, cost‐effective, and offers a wide linear range and satisfactory selectivity, making it potentially suitable for determining tetracycline in water applications.
The relationship between physical activity and college students' perceived social support: The mediating role of social–emotional competence and its gender differences
Authors: Shu Junwen , Chen Zhaojun , Zhong Bingbing , Ding Zifan , Tang Shaohua , Sun Zongchen , Gao Yuan , Zhou Hangzhi , Cao Guanghao , Liu Chong , Zhang Chunlei , Han Yanfeng , Chen Hao , Hu Chungui , Wang Chencheng , Yan Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this research was to examine the correlation among college students' physical activity, social–emotional abilities, gender and their perception of social support. The survey was conducted among 408 college students from Jiangsu, Shandong and Hubei provinces utilising the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Social–Emotional Competence Scale for Chinese College Students and the Physical Activity Scale (PARS‐3). SPSS 27.0 and the Process 4.1 plug‐in developed by Hayes were used to perform common method bias tests, independent samples t‐tests, descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and moderated mediation model tests on the data. (1) After controlling for variables such as educational attainment and professional background, physical activity was found to exert a significant and favourable influence on college students' perception of social support (β = .11, p<.001). (2) The relationship between physical activity and college students' perception of social support was moderated by their social–emotional skills. The mediation effect size was calculated to be 54.33%. (3) Gender moderates the relationship between physical activity and college students' perceptions of social support (β = .09, t = 2.01, p<.05). Physical activity not only directly affects college students' perceived social support, but also indirectly through social–emotional competence; gender has a significant moderating effect on the direct effect of physical activity on college students' perceived social support. Specifically, female students had a more significant positive predictive effect on perceptual social support than male students. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's .
Comparative Study of Immobilized Biolipasa‐R for Second Generation Biodiesel Production from an Acid Oil
Authors: Spanou Androniki , Liakouli Nektaria C. , Fiotaki Christina , Pavlidis Ioannis V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this work is to develop a sustainable biocatalytic transesterification process for low‐grade oils, aligning with EU green technology requirements for the shift to second generation biodiesel. Thus, we investigated the immobilization and subsequent application of the lipase Biolipasa‐R on transesterification processes to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from both a sunflower oil and an acid oil which is a bioproduct of the biodiesel industry. The lipase was immobilized on biomaterials, such as diatomaceous earth, with a yield of 60 %, and commercial carriers such as methacrylic resins with a yield of 100 %. The enzyme demonstrated superior activity when immobilized on diatomaceous earth, particularly in reactions involving the acid oil, outperforming the benchmark enzyme Novozym® 435 (95.1 % and 35 % conversion respectively). This work highlights the potential of Biolipasa‐R as a cost‐effective and efficient biocatalyst for biodiesel production and emphasizes the environmental benefits of utilizing industrial byproducts and eco‐friendly immobilization techniques. The findings suggest that Biolipasa‐R is a promising candidate for industrial applications in biodiesel production, offering a sustainable solution for waste management and energy generation.
Predictors of outcomes after PCI with incomplete revascularization: Impact of CTO and LAD vessel
Authors: Kuno Toshiki , Weisz Giora , Généreux Philippe , Claessen Bimmer E. , Shechter Michael , Alexander Karen P. , James Stefan K. , Ohman E. Magnus , Dressler Ovidiu , Mehran Roxana , Ben‐Yehuda Ori , Stone Gregg W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundIncomplete revascularization (ICR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with mortality and morbidity.AimWe sought to investigate whether ICR in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) is worse than ICR of the right coronary artery (RCA) or left circumflex artery (LCX); and whether ICR in patients with a chronic total occlusion (CTO) is worse than in those without.MethodsIn the RIVER‐PCI trial, 2651 patients with ICR after PCI were randomly assigned to ranolazine or placebo. Angiograms were assessed at an independent core laboratory in 2501 patients (94.3%). The primary endpoint was the composite of ischemia‐driven revascularization or hospitalization.ResultsA total of 1664 patients (66.5%) had ICR involving the LAD, whereas 837 (33.5%) had ICR limited to the RCA or LCX. At median follow‐up of 643 days, the primary endpoint occurred in 26.9% versus 26.5% of patients (adjusted HR [aHR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88–1.21). A nonrecanalized CTO was present in 854 patients (34.1%) with ICR after PCI. The primary endpoint occurred in 28.6% versus 25.9% of ICR patients with versus without a CTO (aHR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.94–1.29). However, patients with a CTO had higher rates of ischemia‐driven hospitalization without revascularization (aHR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.04–1.56), heart failure hospitalization (aHR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.61–4.59) and myocardial infarction (aHR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.11–1.92) compared with those without.ConclusionsThe 2‐year prognosis was similar in post‐PCI patients with ICR whether the LAD was versus was not involved. ICR patients with a CTO had more frequent hospitalizations for ischemia and myocardial infarctions compared with those without.
Metal Alloy‐Functionalized 3D‐Printed Electrodes for Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Conversion in Zinc‐Nitrate Batteries
Authors: Liu Si , Zhao Yupeng , Chen Zhengfan , Gao Dandan , Feng Fan , Rios‐Studer Tobias , Bansmann Joachim , Biskupek Johannes , Kaiser Ute , Liu Rongji , Streb Carsten 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrate reduction is a promising approach to remove harmful nitrate and produce ammonia in aqueous media. Here, we demonstrate how 3D printed polymer electrodes can be electroless plated with a bimetallic NiCu alloy film suitable for sustained nitrate‐to‐ammonia reduction. Characterization by powder X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning/transmission electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy indicate that the electrode has a two‐layer structure consisting of polymer/ coating layer of metal alloys. The composite electrode shows high‐performance in the nitrate‐to‐ammonia electroreduction, giving NH3 Faradaic efficiencies of up to 83 % and NH3 yield rates up to 860 μg/(h cm2) at −0.38 V vs. RHE. We show that the electrode can easily be integrated into a Zn‐nitrate battery, giving a power density of 3.8 mW cm−2 with continuous NH3 production. The system combines three productive outputs, that is removal of nitrate pollutants, synthesis of valuable ammonia and generation of “green” electricity.
Asymmetric Kinetic Resolution Polymerization of Racemic Lactide Mediated by Axial‐Chiral Thiourea/Phosphazene Binary Organocatalyst
Authors: Li Guojie , Du Peng , Xu Guangqiang , Guo Xuanhua , Wang Qinggang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAsymmetric kinetic resolution polymerization (AKRP) provides an ideal way to obtain highly isotactic polylactide (PLA) with superior thermal‐mechanical properties from racemic lactide (rac‐LA). However, the development of a new catalytic system with concurrent high activity and selectivity at ambient temperature remains a great callenge. Here, a series of simple and effective binary organocatalytic pairs containing axial‐chiral thioureas and commercially available phosphazene bases were designed. These chiral binary organocatalytic pairs allow for both high polymerization activity and moderate enantioselectivity for AKRP of rac‐LA at room temperature, yielding semi‐crystalline and metal‐free stereoblock PLA with a melting temperature as high as 186 °C. The highest kinetic resolution coefficient (krel) of 8.5 at 47 % conversion was obtained, and D‐LA was preferentially polymerized via kinetic resolution with a maximum selectivity factor (kD/kL) of 18.1, indicating that an enantiomorphic site control mechanism (ESC) was involved.
A Screening Apparatus for Comparing the Fouling Resistance of Heat Exchanger Surfaces
Authors: Meyer Conrad , Pelz Philipp‐Lukas , Jasch Katharina , Bart Hans‐Jörg , von Harbou Erik , Scholl Stephan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFouling is a challenge in many processes, especially in heat exchangers and evaporators. Even though many treatments have been developed to mitigate fouling on metallic surfaces, no standardized method exists to compare equipment based on its antifouling performance. In this work, a screening apparatus is presented, which allows to compare samples of treated metallic surfaces based on thermal fouling resistance. A parameter screening and a ranking of three differently treated metallic surfaces using two model substances, namely, whey protein concentrate (WPC) and calcium sulfate, are demonstrated.
Application of a Scaled‐up Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor in the Trace Oxygen Removal in Hydrogen‐Rich Gas Mixtures at Ambient and Elevated Pressure
Authors: Wirth Philipp , Oberste‐Beulmann Christian , Nitsche Tim , Muhler Martin , Awakowicz Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are frequently utilized in various gas conversion processes. For industrial applications a low flow resistance and scalability are crucial. In this study a tenfold scaled‐up reactor based on a surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) was employed for the removal of oxygen traces from H2/N2/O2 gas mixtures. The conversion efficiency of the reactor with ten electrode configurations was investigated for different admixtures of O2, and high degrees of conversion were observed that decreased with increasing flow rate, but remained constant when raising the pressure to 2 bar(g). A new generator based on silicon carbide field‐effect transistors (SiC‐FETs) was used and compared to a generator based on classical metal oxide semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MOS‐FETs).
Transesterification reactions as a means to produce esters: A critical review
Authors: Devale Reshma R. , Mahajan Yogesh S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEsters are important chemicals used in fine and bulk chemical industry with numerous applications: solvents, paints, varnishes, dyes, and cosmetics. Ester formation is dominated mainly by Fischer esterification and transesterification. Fischer reaction is generally used for ester production, but in certain cases, transesterification can be used with advantage. It is useful when the acid is less soluble in the alcohol or in the solvent used, thus forming two layers. Water formation creates purification problems during esterification reactions due to azeotrope formation and transesterification can be useful in such cases. Commercially, cheaply available methyl and ethyl esters can be conveniently used as raw materials for value added ester production by transesterification. Transesterification is also useful when the parent acids are highly reactive and pose difficulty in separation. Transesterifications are slow reactions and a catalyst is used: acids and bases, ion exchange resins, zeolites, and clays. Homogeneous catalysts were used in the past which are now replaced by their heterogeneous counterparts. Heterogeneous catalysts offer added advantages like reusability, lesser corrosion, and ease of separation. Transesterification can be commercially used to produce a number of esters of industrial importance like acrylics and biodiesel. This review considers all these aspects in considerable detail. A large literature set was scanned and its judicious extract is presented.
N, S Co‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes Loaded With Cu Nanoclusters For Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Yan Xiaoli , Wang Yu , Wang Kui , Song Yifan , Guo Junjie , Cao Qinjian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeveloping highly superior precious‐metal‐free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are challenging and great significance. In this study, it is reported that an efficient ORR catalysts with N and S co‐doped carbon nanotubes anchored to copper (Cu) nanoclusters by mechanical grinding and high temperature heat treatment. The obtained Cu−S1−N−C electrocatalysts exhibited a high ORR performance with an onset potential (Eonest) of 0.989 V and a half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0.905 V (vs. RHE) in alkaline electrolyte, which was superior to that of commercial Pt/C catalyst. In contrast to N doping alone, the defect structures and active species of the catalysts were optimized by precise modulation of S‐atom doping, and moreover, the introduction of S‐atoms provided more thiophene‐sulfur active sites. This study provides an innovative idea for designing excellent ORR catalysts.
Vibronic Splitting of the Electronic Origin in Two Conformers of the 3‐Tolunitrile Dimer
Authors: Martini Jascha , Ortlepp Jan , Henrichs Christian , Schmitt Michael 
Published: July 2024

Abstract3‐tolunitrile (3‐TN) can form three different dimers, which differ in the relative orientation of the methyl groups. We determined the geometry changes of two of these conformers of 3‐TN upon electronic excitation via a Franck–Condon fit of the vibronic intensities in the fluorescence emission spectra. Both aromatic rings expand upon electronic excitation, showing a delocalized one‐photon excitation of the cluster. The conformer with the smaller center‐of‐mass distance shows an unusual order of the split components of the electronic origin. We attribute this changed order to the stronger charge transfer contributions to the splitting and a partial breakdown of the point dipole approximation, made in the Frenkel type interaction.
Update: Induction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Immunodeficient Mice by Injection of Naïve CD4+ T cells (T Cell Transfer Model of Colitis)
Authors: Pearson Claire F. , Maloy Kevin J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe intestinal inflammation induced by injection of naïve CD4+ T cells into lymphocyte‐deficient hosts (more commonly known as the T cell transfer model of colitis) shares many features of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans, such as epithelial cell hyperplasia, crypt abscess formation, and dense lamina propria lymphocyte infiltration. As such, it provides a useful tool for studying mucosal immune regulation as it relates to the pathogenesis and treatment of IBD in humans. In the IBD model described here, colitis is induced in Rag (recombination‐activating gene)‐deficient mice by reconstitution of these mice with naïve CD4+CD45RBhi T cells through adoptive T cell transfer. Although different recipient hosts of cell transfer can be used, Rag‐deficient mice are the best characterized and support studies that are both flexible and reproduceable. As described in the Basic Protocol, in most studies the transferred cells consist of naïve CD4+ T cells (CD45RBhi T cells) derived by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting from total CD4+ T cells previously purified using immunomagnetic negative selection beads. In a Support Protocol, methods to characterize colonic disease progression are described, including the monitoring of weight loss and diarrhea and the histological assessment of colon pathology. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Induction of IBD in Rag‐deficient mice by the transfer of naïve CD4+CD45RBhi T cellsSupport Protocol: Monitoring development of colitis
Factor analysis applied to simultaneous selection for resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot
Authors: Mencalha Jussara , Dias Mariana Andrade , de Souza Elaine Aparecida , Carneiro Vinícius Quintão , Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio Souza , de Souza Carneiro José Eustáquio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDiseases such as anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and angular leaf spot (Pseudocercospora griseola) can occur in common bean and compromise crop production, especially if susceptible cultivars are grown under conditions favorable to these diseases. The most efficient and sustainable alternative for controlling these diseases is the use of resistant cultivars. The identification of sources of resistance and the use of tools that assist in accurate selection of resistant cultivars are crucial to the success of breeding programs. The aim of this study was to characterize 67 carioca common bean cultivars recommended in Brazil regarding reaction to races 65, 73, 81, and 89 of C. lindemuthianum and to races 63‐23 and 63‐63 of P. griseola and to verify the application of factor analysis in the selection of cultivars resistant to both pathogens. The cultivars and resistant controls BRS Esplendor and MAIII.16‐159 were inoculated in a greenhouse in two experiments for each race. Cultivars were assessed for resistance to multiple races of anthracnose and angular leaf spot using artificial inoculation of plants at V2 stage. Factor analysis proved to be a good alternative for accurate selection of resistant cultivars. The percentage of cultivars simultaneously resistant to all races was low (8.95%). The cultivars Rudá R, VC 15, IAC‐Apuã, IAC‐Carioca Pyatã, BRSMG Amuleto, and BRS FC104 selected by factor analysis showed resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot. Therefore, these cultivars are potential sources of resistance for incorporation in bean breeding programs.
Evaluating the vulnerability of Tetracentron sinense habitats to climate‐induced latitudinal shifts
Authors: Gan Yuanjie , Cheng Lijun , Tang Junfeng , Han Hongyan , Gan Xiaohong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExploring the changing process of the geographical distribution pattern of Tetracentron sinense Oliv. and its main influencing factors since the last interglacial period can provide a scientific basis for the effective protection and management of the species. The MaxEnt model was used to construct the potential distribution areas of T. sinense in different periods such as the last interglacial (LIG), the last glacial maximum (LGM), the mid‐Holocene (MID), and the current and future (2050s and 2070s). On the premise of discussing the influence of dominant environmental factors on its distribution model, the suitable area changes of T. sinense under different ecological climate situations were quantitatively analyzed. (1) The AUC and TSS values predicted by the optimized model were 0.959 and 0.835, respectively, indicating a good predictive effect by the MaxEnt model; the potential suitable areas for T. sinense in the current period are mainly located in Southwest China, which are wider compared to the actual habitats. (2) Jackknife testing showed that the lowest temperature in the coldest month (Bio6), elevation (Elev), seasonal variation coefficient of temperature (Bio4), and surface calcium carbonate content (T‐CACO3) are the dominant environmental factors affecting the distribution of T. sinense. (3) From the last interglacial period to the current period, the total suitable area of T. sinense showed a decreasing trend; the distribution points of T. sinense populations in mid‐Holocene period may be the origin of the postglacial population, and Southwest China may be its glacial biological refuge. (4) Compared with the current period, the total suitable area ranges of T. sinense in China in the 2050s and 2070s decreased, and the centroid location of its total fitness area all migrated to the northwest, with the largest migration distance in 2070s under the SSPs 7.0 climate scenario. Temperature was the principal factor influencing the geographical distribution of T. sinense. With global warming, the range of T. sinense suitable areas will show a shrinking trend, with a shift toward higher‐latitude regions. Ex situ conservation measures could be taken to preserve its germplasm resources.
An updated phylogeny and adaptive evolution within Amaranthaceae s.l. inferred from multiple phylogenomic datasets
Authors: Xu Hao , Guo Yuqin , Xia Mingze , Yu Jingya , Chi Xiaofeng , Han Yun , Li Xiaoping , Zhang Faqi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmaranthaceae s.l. is a widely distributed family consisting of over 170 genera and 2000 species. Previous molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Amaranthaceae s.s. and traditional Chenopodiaceae form a monophyletic group (Amaranthaceae s.l.), however, the relationships within this evolutionary branch have yet to be fully resolved. In this study, we assembled the complete plastomes and full‐length ITS of 21 Amaranthaceae s.l. individuals and compared them with 38 species of Amaranthaceae s.l. Through plastome structure and sequence alignment analysis, we identified a reverse complementary region approximately 5200 bp long in the genera Atriplex and Chenopodium. Adaptive evolution analysis revealed significant positive selection in eight genes, which likely played a driving role in the evolution of Amaranthaceae s.l., as demonstrated by partitioned evolutionary analysis. Furthermore, we found that about two‐thirds of the examined species lack the ycf15 gene, potentially associated with natural selection pressures from their adapted habitats. The phylogenetic tree indicated that some genera (Chenopodium, Halogeton, and Subtr. Salsolinae) are paraphyletic lineages. Our results strongly support the clustering of Amaranthaceae s.l. with monophyletic traditional Chenopodiaceae (Clades I and II) and Amaranthaceae s.s. After a comprehensive analysis, we determined that cytonuclear conflict, gene selection by adapted habitats, and incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) events were the primary reasons for the inconsistent phylogeny of Amaranthaceae s.l. During the last glacial period, certain species within Amaranthaceae s.l. underwent adaptations to different environments and began to differentiate rapidly. Since then, these species may have experienced morphological and genetic changes distinct from those of other genera due to intense selection pressure.