bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two Fatwas on Jihad Against the Dutch Colonization in Indonesia A Prosopographical Approach to the Study of Fatwa
Authors: Amiq Amiq 
Published: June 2014

Ketika revolusi Indonesia pada 1945 sedang berlangsung dan perang mempertahankan kemerdekaan berkecamuk di hampir semua kota penting di Jawa, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) mengeluarkan fatwa tentang perlunya "berjihad" mempertahankan kedaulatan RI dari penjajahan Belanda. Karena basis massa NU yang kuat, pengaruh politik fatwa tersebut cukup luas. Sebuah catatan yang patut dikedepankan adalah, bahwa sejarah revolusi fisik Indonesia jarang sekali menyinggung peran Islam dalam membentuk ideologi perlawanan. Pengaruh penting yang ditunjukkan fatwa jihad NU tersebut, yang kemudian didukung oleh meluasnya ideologi jihad dalam perang kemerdekaan, telah menyumbangkan lembaran penting dari sejarah yang terabaikan itu.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v5i3.740
Jam'iyyah Istijma al-Juhud li Islah al-Tarbiyyah al-Islamiyyah (GUPPI): Tajdid fi al-Tarbiyyah al-Islamiyyah an Tariq al-Siyasah?
Authors: Subhan Arief 
Published: June 2014

GUPPI (Gabungan Usaha Pembaruan Pendidikan Islam) dapat diletakkan sebagai sejarah pembaruan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. GUPPI merupakan satu-satunya organisasi yang secara eksplisit bertujuan melakukan pembaruan pendidikan Islam. Namun, dilihat dari sisi tokoh pendirinya yang terdiri dari para pemimpin pesantren di daerah Jawa Barat, dapat diduga bahwa GUPPI merupakan salah satu bentuk representasi kekhawatiran kalangan tradisional terhadap semakin kuatnyapengaruh kaum modernis, terutama dalam bidang pendidikan. Pergumulan antara pendidikan dan politik membuat organisasi ini kehilangan wataknya sebagai pembaru pendidikan Islam. GUPPI bahkan lebih dikenal sebagai organisasi sayap GOLKAR daripada organisasi pembaharu pendidikan yang inisiatifnya muncul dari bawahDOI: 10.15408/sdi.v5i3.741
Depicting the Other Faith: A Bibliography Survey of Indonesian Muslim Polemics on Christianity
Authors: Ropi Ismatu 
Published: June 2014

The demise of the Cultural Policy (cultuurstelsel) in the mid-nineteenth century inevitably changed the narrative history of the Indonesian archipelago. It was abvious that the policy generated immense profits for the Dutch colonial administration, allowing it to make a profit in addition to balancing its budget. Much of the surplus was sent to Netherlands itself and was used for public expenditures, thereby subsidizing the Dutch taxpayer. However, for the indiginous population of the East Indies, expecting those who were close to colonila agents, cultuurstelsel soon came to mean exploitation and impoverishment.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i1.747
At the Sources of Indonesian Political Islam's Failure: The Split between the Nahdlatul Ulama and the Masyumi in Retrospect
Authors: Madinier Rémy , Feillard Andrée 
Published: June 2014

This article intentionally emphasizes the analysis of the political context, while touching only slightly on sociological considerations. The fact that the sociological difrerences could be overcome, since the two currents once succeeded in uniting into Masyumi. Moreover, this article wanted to show common notions of basic disagreements, such as the oft-noted conflict where reformists frequently despise traditionalists' penchant for Sufism, for the supernatural and for the irrational, which they consider to be everywhere the "cause" of general backwardness of Muslim countries in terms of technology (kemunduran), while the latter tend to criticize reformists for their puritan behavior and for their great hostility to local tradition. Traditionalists also commonly blame reformists for their "dryness" (kekeringan), while the latter feel proud of being closer to a "pure" Middle-Eastern model. We have also tried to put aside considerations of class differences, traditionalists being generally closer to lower rural classes, modernists being more numerous in urban middle-clases. The purpose was to deal with the political context and the discourse on both sides to try and determine why political union failed despite the repeatedly heralded desire of unity.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i2.729
Recent Trends in Islamic Revivalism in Malaysia
Authors: Salleh M. Syukri 
Published: June 2014

The focus of the article is on the trends of Islamic revivalism before the sacking of Anwar, though where necessary, the Anwar issue has been mentioned briefly for reference. Specifically, this paper attempts, firstly, to understand the trend of Islamic revivalism before the Anwar Ibrahim episode; secondly, to analyze the factors and reasons that culminated in the changing of approach from confrontational to non-confrontational; and thirdly, to seek answers to several vital questions relating to the form of Islamic revivalism in the country that has been molded by this developing trend. Since these findings are based on on-going researchs the arguments embodied in this paper should be considered rather preliminary.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i2.730
Law and Politics in Post Independence Indonesia: A Case Study of Religious and Adat Courts
Authors: Lukito Ratno 
Published: June 2014

This paper will address the development of Indonesian law in the post-independence era. In the following pages, this paper will demonstrate that changes in the country's political climate affected born the Islamic and adat (customary) courts,in spire of the inflexibility with which both legal traditions had weathered the political upheavals of the first half of the century. To this end, the place of both adat and religious courts in post-independence Indonesia will be analyzed in light of this political change. Two major avenues of investigation will be discussed. The first explains the debate between "pluralist" and "uniformist" groups regarding legal development in the young Republic of Indonesia, while the second discusses contentions between the so-called "secular nationalists" and "Muslims". The discussion provided in these sections is intended to provide a basis for understanding the legal controversies which unavoidably arose as a result of the shift from a colonial to a narional legal philosophy.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i2.731
Tabut: Muharram Observances in the History of Bengkulu
Authors: Feener R. Michael 
Published: June 2014

Tabut is the name given to the commemoration of Muharram as it is observed in Bengkulu, Indonesia. The basic traditions connected with its observance have their origins in Muslim India. However the Tabut has, over the course of its development in Bengkulu, absorbed and incorporated various local elements. Recently the "Tabut Festival" has come to be seen as a symbol of 'local Bengkulu culture', this reinterpretation facilitating the easy absorption of this potentially disruptive' happening into the fold of acceptable and even desirable 'local cultural heritage' as defined by the present lndonesian government.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i2.732
Min Niẓām al-Qaḍā al-Munfarid ila Niẓām Majlis al-Quḍāt: Dirāsat fī Taḥwīl Usus al- Qaḍā bī Indūnīsiyā
Authors: Salim M. Arskal 
Published: June 2014

"The translation of Islam" to quote M.B. Hooker-constitutes one important dimension in the Islamization process: it is the means through which Islamic principles come into the local context. In Indonesia, the translation of Islam can be seen, among other things, in the legal institution, The "solitary judge" (hakim tunggal) as it is know in early Islan is transformed into the "Judicial assembly" (majlis hakim). In the first system, the solitary judge, kadi is the only judge responsible for the implementation of Islamic law, while in the second system, the judicial assembly, legal decisions are made collectively and involvee at least three judges.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i2.733
Muhammad Quraish Shihab wa Ārā’uhu al-Fiqhiyyah
Authors: Jamil Fathurrahman 
Published: June 2014

The Qur'an is believed by Muslims as the most important source of Islamic teachings. Legal matters (ahkam),which are part of (or earn the most important aspect of) Islam, must also be one of the concerns of the Qur'an. But does it mean that a mufassir (exegete), since he also has the deal with the legal verses, is automatically a legal expert? In order to answer that question, the writer of this article justifiably did two of the following steps. First, he chose a mufassir as d case study; second, be decided to put forward a set of legal issues and to see that the chosen mufassir had to say about them. The mufassir that he chose is Quraish Shihab, one of Indonesian scholars who was a director of IAIN Jakarta. As for the legal problems, the writer chose to discuss the follouring: qat'iy-zhanniy (absolute-relative [meaning of the Qur'anic verses]), naskh-mansukh (the abrogating-abrogated verses), and the role of the prophetic tradition vis-a-vis the Qur'an.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i2.734
The Transmission of al-Manar's Reformism to the Malay-Indonesian World: The Cases of al-Imam and al-Munir
Authors: Azra Azyumardi 
Published: June 2014

This journal not only directly influenced the spread of Islamic reformism through its own articles, but most importantly also stimulated the publication of similar journals printed in the Maiay-Indonesian world. This paper is an early attempt to delineate and discuss in a comprehensive manner the transmission of Islamic reformism to the Maiay-Indonesian world by means of journals: primarly al-Imam in Singapore and al-Munir in Padang, West Sumatra, and other journals that were published in the area.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i3.723
Al-Shaykh ‘Alī Ma’sūm ‘Alim Nahḍat al-‘Ulamā’ Dhū al-Ittijah al-Ḥadīth
Authors: Subhan Arief 
Published: June 2014

K.H. Ali Maksum is recognized as one of the most leading 'ulama's (Muslim Scholars) of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), the biggest traditional Muslim organization in Indonesia. This can be seen not only frorn the fact the he became rais 'am (the highest post in the structure of NU) from 1981 to 1984, but also from an important political role be played in this organization. It was Ali Maksum who supported the NU to take the principle (khittah) of 1925 in 1984 by which NU come back to be a social-religious organization after having had involved in the political practice. Likewise it was also Ali Maksum who "protected" Abdurrahman Wahid -the executive head of NU- from strong criticism of the 'ulami's as advocated by K.H. As'ad Syamsul Arifin. Abdurrahman Wahid was contended from his misconduct, especially from traditional Islamic viewpoint, so that be was elected again in 1989 as the executive head of the NU.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i3.725
Wali Songo Festival: Tracking Islamic Heritage and Building Islamic Brotherhood
Authors: Ropi Ismatu 
Published: June 2014

26 June to 25 July 1999 is of special significance for Indonesian Muslim. Located in Surabaya, East Java, the Wali Songo Festival, the greatest Islamic festival of the year, was held by the Muslim during that time. The Festival -which was officially opened by B.J. Habibie, then the President of Indonesia-was aimed as an important media for the expression of Indonesian Islamic culture and civilization. Thus the festival provided the visitors with the exhibition of many aspects of Islamic civilization achieved by the Indonesian Muslim, from archeological materials - such as the duplicated sword of the Prophet Muhammad, the gravestone of Sunan Ampel and Sunan Bonang (two of the nine Islamic preachers in Indonesia, Wali Songo - to the intellectual heritage like the decorated Qur'ân in various forms and the Islamic books by the 'ulâmi' (Kitab Kuning). In addition, the festival also exhibited many products by the Muslim, such as calligraphy, rosaries (tasbih), and turbans (peci).DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v6i3.728
In the Center of Meaning: Ziarah Tradition in Java
Authors: Jamhari Jamhari 
Published: June 2014

This essay describes the beliefs and practices associated with the notion of ziarah in a single community, that of Bayat, a small district (kecamatan) in Klaten between Yogyakarta and Surakarta. There are some of terms from Bayat in this text, because it is revealing to consider how key terms have been used within their culture of origin. In elucidating ziarah practices and its interpretations, visitors in Bayat refer to the cultural contexts with which they are familiar. The logic of ziarah thus reflects visitor's everyday life experiences. Applying vernacular terms used in Bayat entails taking this cultural context into consideration.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v7i1.716
Islamic Reform in Contest: Ahmad Hassan and His Traditionalist Opponents
Authors: Minhaji Akh. 
Published: June 2014

There is a perception, held not only by scholars in the field but by many Muslims as well, that Islamic law in Indonesia is strongly colored by "non-Islamic" local custom (adat). Historically, this notion has given rise to a number of movements which have sought to ensure that religious beliefs and practices be restored and brought into harmony with the primary sources of Islam, the Qur'an and Sunnah. One of these movements was led by Ahmad Hassan (1882-1958), acknowledged by many as a great scholar and a tireless advocate of the need for renewal (tajdid) and reform (ishlah). The organization that he led was Persatuan Islam, popularly known as Persis, a reformist organization that was considered the spearhead of the movement. Hassan was generally considered the foremost proponent of reform amongst Indonesian Muslims, and Accordingly, the criticism directed at him might be seen as a response to the reformers as a whole. It should come as no surprise, however, that his stance on many issues has occasionally elicited hostile reactions.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v7i2.710
Al-‘Alāqah bayn al-Dīn wa al-Dawlah bi Indūnīsiyā: Tan Malaka wa Ārā’uhu al-Siyāsīyah
Authors: Azhar Khairil 
Published: June 2014

The present article is about the relation between religion and state as it is discussed by a prominent figure whose contributions to Indonesian politic are out of question. He is Tan Malaka, who has been considered as a radical Marxist activist. Through his works, including Madilog: Materialisme, Dialektika, Logika; Islam dalam Tinjauan Madilog Dari Penjara ke Penjara; Naar De Republiek Indonesie; Tan Malaka shows his deep appreciation to Marxism. That is why, in these works, be pays a great attention to liberation movement and freedom for people both from colonial domination and from feudalism rooted in Indonesian culture.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v7i2.711
Dirāsat fī al-Islām al-Mahallī: Adwā’ ‘alā Inṣihār al-Islām fī al-Thaqāfah al-Jāwīyah
Authors: Hilmy Masdar 
Published: June 2014

This article attempts to explore a study of Islam in Java in the frame of the above conception -the dialogue tradition. The process of acculturation between Islam and Javanese culture, which developed in the dialogue tradition, is the central point of this article. Religious discourses embodied in Javanese texts, such as suluk and babad, written in the period of the establishment of Islam until the 19th century, are considered as the cultural representation of the fault line -despite the harmonious reconciliation- between Islam and Javanese tradition. In this context, changes in social and political affairs in Javanese courts, especially crucial changes in the 19th century following the colonialism, implanted the emergence of religious discourses embedded in the Javanese texts observed in this article.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v7i2.712
Accelerating the Empowerment of Madrasah
Authors: Burhanudin Jajat 
Published: June 2014

The empowerment of madrasah (Islamic school) is an important agenda item for the Indonesia Ministry of Religious Affairs (MORA). As the formal body overseeing madrasah education, MORA has taken many strategic steps to improve the quality of madrasah schooling. These steps have been taken in response to demand for the improvement of madrasah education aiming to produce graduates who can compete with graduates of other institutions, particularly public schools under the management of the Ministry of Education. In recent years, MORA has be able to intensify, its efforts to improve the quality of madrasah as a result of loans made available by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) specifically for this purpose. The ADB loans, as a component the Basic Education Project, aims to improve the quality of basic education in madrasah in 15 districts within 5 provinces.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v7i2.714
Al-Siyāsah al-Yābānīyah Tijāh al-‘Ummah al-Islāmīyah bi Indūnīsīyā
Authors: Rifkiyati Rike 
Published: June 2014

Tahun 1943-1945 dipandang sebagai masa penting dalam babakan sejarah Indonesia. Periode tersebut menandai berakhirnya masa kolonialisme Belanda di Indonesia, dan memasuki babak baru sejarah Indonesia di bawah pendudukan Jepang. Menyangkut konteks Islam Indonesia, masa pendudukan Jepang penting untuk diperhatikan. Pemerintahan Jepang memperkenalkan satu kebijakan yang berbeda dmgan masa kolonialisme Belanda, khususnya menyangkut sikap Jepang terhadap elit-elit Muslim Indonesia. Berbeda dengan pemerintah kononial Belanda, Jepang berusaha menghimpun para elit Muslim Indonesia di bawah satu organisasi yang sengaja didirikan, yang mengatasi berbagai organisasi Muslim yang telah berdiri sebelumnya.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v7i3.705
Menjadi Pribumi di Negeri Orang: Pergumulan Identitas Masyarakat Arab di Indonesia
Authors: Jahroni Jajang 
Published: June 2014

This book presents a discussion of the historical process of how Arab communities in Indonesia have dealt with their identities. The book primarily focuses on the early 20th century period, when Arab communities in Indonesia encountered rapid and fundamental social, cultural and political change. Modernization in Indonesia, under the influence of colonialization, changed people's consciousness of their social and political structure which in turn, affected the way they articulated their identities. The concept of nationalism emerged in the early 20th century. It was often interpreted. by Indonesian people along ethnic lines, thus accelerating the process of defining Arab identity.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v7i3.706
Transformasi Sistem Pendidikan Islam: Pergulatan Identitas Muslim Melayu-Patani
Authors: Fathurahman Oman 
Published: June 2014

The book attempts to explain the dynamics of the Islamic education system in Patani, Thailand, from its beginning up to the time when the Malay world, to which Patani belongs, was modernized. A comparison of Islamic education in Patani, with that which exists in other areas such as Indonesia and Malaysa, is complicated, but this is the very reason why it is so interesting. In the context of education, Islam-including the Islam developed in Malay-Patani areas-has played a significant, even a dominant, role. It is the driving force behind the establishment, the development, and the enforcement of educational institutions. Here pondok, pesantren, meunasah, surau and other traditional institutions of education must be mentioned for-in the Malay-Nusantara context they have been instrumental in the whole intellectual renaissance in the region. Rich Islamic traditions were studied and socialized intensively in those institutions and this, in turn, enabled the local ulamas to produce important works in the field of Islamic studies.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v8i1.699
Autochthonous resources are the main driver of consumer production in dystrophic boreal lakes
Authors: Lau Danny C. P. , Sundh Ingvar , Vrede Tobias , Pickova Jana , Goedkoop Willem 
Published: June 2014

Dystrophic lakes are widespread in temperate regions and intimately interact with surrounding terrestrial ecosystems in energy and nutrient dynamics, yet the relative importance of autochthonous and allochthonous resources to consumer production in dystrophic lakes remains controversial. We argue that allochthonous organic matter quantitatively dominates over photosynthetic autotrophs in dystrophic lakes, but that autotrophs are higher in diet quality and more important for consumers as they contain essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In a field study, we tested the hypotheses that (1) autochthonous primary production is the main driver for consumer production, despite being limited by light availability and low nutrient supplies, and greater supply of allochthonous carbon, (2) the relative contribution of autotrophs to consumers is directly related to their tissue PUFA concentrations, and (3) methane‐oxidizing bacteria (MOB) provide an energy alternative for consumers.Pelagic and benthic consumer taxa representing different trophic levels were sampled from five dystrophic lakes: isopod Asellus aquaticus, megalopteran Sialis lutaria, dipteran Chaoborus flavicans, and perch Perca fluviatilis. Based on carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, the relative contributions of autochthonous (biofilms and seston) and allochthonous (coarse particulate and dissolved organic matter) resources and MOB to these taxa were 47–79%, 9–44% and 7–12% respectively. Results from fatty acid (FA) analyses show that the relative ω3‐FA and PUFA concentrations increased with trophic level (Asellus < Sialis and Chaoborus < Perca). Also, eicosapentaenoic‐acid (EPA), ω3‐FA and PUFA concentrations increased with the autochthonous contribution in consumers, i.e., a 47–79% biofilm and/or seston diet resulted in tissue EPA of 4.2–18.4, ω3 FAs of 11.6–37.0 and PUFA of 21.6–61.0 mg/g dry mass. The results indicate that consumers in dystrophic lakes predominantly rely on energy from autotrophs and that their PUFA concentrations are dependent on the relative contribution of these autochthonous resources. The limited energy support from MOB suggests they are not negligible and are potentially an integral part of the food webs. Our findings show that autochthonous resources are the main driver of secondary production even in dystrophic lakes and offer new insights into the functioning of these ecosystems.
A Review of Seismic-While-Drilling (SWD) Techniques: A Journey From 1986 to 2005
Authors: Anchliya A. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Seismic While Drilling (SWD) specifically encompasses the seismic techniques operated while the drillstring is lowered in the borehole, during effective drilling, during maneuvers or while connecting drill pipes. This paper provides a State of the Art review on both old and newer SWD techniques used by the Industry. In the past 21 years (1986-2006), the Drill-bit SWD technique practiced by the industry utilizes the acoustic energy radiated by the Tri-Cone bit to provide vital real time information during drilling by providing time-to-depth and look-ahead information
Another emerging technique which is being used mainly by Schlumberger since 2000 is Vertical Seismic Profile While Drilling (VSP-WD), which consists in recording the seismic signal generated by a surface seismic source on seismic sensors integrated inside the downhole Borehole Assembly (BHA). Two efficient wireline VSP which could be assimilated to SWD techniques and which are not be discussed in this paper are the technique of Tube Logging Conveying or Tough Logging Condition (TLC), in particular the TLC-VSP and the standard wireline logging technique of Intermediate VSP.
Recently introduced Swept impulse hydraulic tool is capable of generating a broadband seismic signal at the bit while drilling. This tool overcomes the limitations of drill-bit seismic particularly in soft formations and in inclined holes by allowing seismic operations with PDC bit. Operating principles, seismic processing and results of a field demonstration of seismic profiling while drilling in a shallow well are described in this paper. The two major issues that need to be understood in order to make these seismic measurements with precision and reliability are also raised in this paper.
This paper aims to give a present day picture of the SWD techniques. Data acquisition and sensor deployment strategies are discussed in some detail. The benefits of SWD are demonstrated by means of several field examples, showing how the data can be used to reduce drilling costs, predict drilling hazards and improve efficiency of drilling operations on a real time basis. The operating domain of SWD technique is identified along with the current limitations. Future development directions are also proposed.