bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reciprocity and Shape Functions in Multiple Scattering Diagrams
Authors: Moodie A. F. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The scattering amplitude for fast electrons diffracted from a plate of crystal is analyzed in terms of multiple scattering diagrams. It is shown that to every individual scattering process in an arbitrary orientation there exists a process in the reciprocity configuration equal in amplitude and phase, that is, to every diagram there corresponds a reciprocal diagram.
It is shown that the geometric part of the diagram may be expressed in terms of the divided differences of the kinematic shape transform.
Electron Microscope Image Contrast for Thin Crystal
Authors: Cowley J. M. , Iijima Sumio 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
High resolution electron microscope images showing the detailed distribution of metal atoms within the unit cells of complex oxide structures have been recorded recently and as a first approximation may be interpreted as amplitude-object images if obtained with the degree of defocus corresponding to the "optimum-defocus condition" for the phase-contrast imaging of thin phase objects. Detailed observations of images of Ti2Nb10O29 crystals having thicknesses of the order of 100 Å reveal that the thin phase-object approximation, which assumes that only small phase-shifts are involved, is inadequate to explain some features of the image intensities including the variation of contrast with crystal thickness. A very aproximate treatment of the phase contrast due to defocussing of phase objects having large phase shifts is evolved and shown to give a qualitativity correct account of the observations. The variation of image contrast with tilt away from a principle orientation is discussed. From the symmetry of the image contrast it is deduced that the symmetry of the crystal structure as derived from X-ray diffraction studies can not be correct.
Axisymmetric Plasma Flows in External Magnetic Fields with Hall Effect
Authors: Robert K 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The present analysis refers to steady, barotropic, and inviscid flows of rarefied gas plasmas, both as free jet and within a cylindrical channel, with superimposed electric current, under the influence of an axisymmetric external magnetic field. The non-dimensionalized equations of magnetogasdynamics are linearized by expanding the unknown functions in double power series in terms of the magnetic force number and the magnetic Reynolds number, both assumed smaller than one. For Hall parameters sufficiently small compared to one and slightly curved magnetic lines of force, closed form solutions for the electric current density, as well as plasma velocity and mass density are derived and discussed. Increases in the axial velocity component are achieved more efficiently by using free jet rather than channel flow.
Untersuchungen an stromstarken Kapillarentladungen. Teil II: Kinematische, elektrische und Druck-Messungen / Investigations on High Current Capillary-Discharges. Part II: Kinematic, Electric and Pressure Measurements
Authors: Ehrich Horst , Kusch Hans Jürgen 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
High-current discharges through "Plexiglas" capillaries are investigated with several methods. The front velocity of the plasma jet is obtained by cinematographic techniques, and the streaming velocity by admixing sodium to the jet plasma. Piezoelectric pressure measurements lead, in agreement with other methods, to values of 120 atm at 10 kamps (2 mm diameter of the capillary) ; special care was taken for the dynamical calibration of the pressure probe. From electrical measurements, the electrical conductivity is obtained and compared with theoretical calculations.
Level-Crossing-Experimente an einigen Heliumzuständen bei Ionenstoßanregung / Level-Crossing-Experiments on some He States excited by Ion Impact
Authors: Buchhaupt Klaus 
Published: February 2015

An den Heliumzuständen 33P, 43P, 53P, 33D, 43D, 31D , 41D und 51D wurden Hanle-Effekt-Experimente bei Ionenstoßanregung mit Wasserstoff- bzw. Helium-Ionen durchgeführt.
Die Breiten der Hanle-Effekt-Signale der Ausrichtung wurden in Abhängigkeit vom Heliumdruck in der Stoßkammer gemessen. Aus der Druckabhängigkeit der Signalbreiten konnten die natürlichen Lebensdauern τ0 und die Wirkungsquerschnitte σ(2) für die Zerstörung der Ausrichtung bestimmt werden. Bei Anregung durch Helium-Ionenstoß ergaben sich die Werte
33P: τ0 = 98 ± 4,3 ns, σ(2) = (2,0 ± 0,5) · 10-14 cm2,
43P: τ0 = 137 ± 9,4 ns,
53P: τ0 = 196 ± 56 ns, σ(2) = (5,3 ± 1,1) · 10-14 cm2,
33D: τ0 = 39,0 ± 1,4 ns, σ(2) = (4,6 ± 0,5) · 10-14 cm2,
43D: τ0 = 35,5 ± 1,2 ns, σ(2) = (2,9 ± 0,2) · 10-14 cm2,
31D: τ0 = 15,8 ± 0,1 ns, σ(2) = (2,4 ± 0,3) · 10-14 cm2,
41D: τ0 = 39,2 ± 0,8 ns, σ(2) = (4,8 ± 0,5) · 10-14 cm2,
51D: τ0 = 71,9 ± 1,8 ns, σ(2) = (9,6 ± 1,0) · 10-14 cm2.
Aus der Abhängigkeit der Produkte ν für die Zustände 41D und 51D von der kinetischen Energie der anregenden Ionen wurde auf eine Impulsübertragung bei der Ionenstoßanregung geschlossen.
Sound Propagation in Dilute Polyatomic Gases
Authors: Moraal H. , Mccourt F. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Sound propagation in dilute pure gases, both monatomic and polyatomic, has been considered from the point of view of the Waldmann-Snider equation. It is shown that the commonly employed assumption that sound propagation in gases is equivalent to the propagation of plane waves is valid only in the region where collisions restore equilibrium faster than it is perturbed by the sound waves. A systematic truncation procedure for an expansion of the perturbation function in irreducible Cartesian tensors is introduced and then illustrated in solutions for three specific kinds of molecules, helium, nitrogen and rough spheres. The agreement between theory and experiment is rather good for sound absorption in the region where the ratio of the collision and sound frequencies is greater than 1.5. The agreement in the case of dispersion is good over the whole measured pressure range. One useful result obtained is to show the polyatomic gas calculations in second approximation have as good agreement with experiment as the calculations for noble gases in third approximation. This can be related to the possession by the polyatomic gas of a bulk viscosity which dominates in sound propagation.
Thermal Properties of Alcaline-Earth-Oxides / III. Analysis of Anharmonic Effects
Authors: Gmelin E. , Vieira S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Experimental heat capacity data for the alcaline-earth-oxides have been used to analyse by a new method the high temperature thermodynamic properties of these crystals in terms of quasi-harmonic and explicit anharmonic contributions.
The explicit anharmonic contribution ΔC is consistent with theoretical predictions; ΔC is proportional to T in a first order approximation. The factor of anharmonicity A is negative for MgO, A = (-0.4 + 0.4) · 10-5 K-1 , for SrO A= (-2.8±1) · 10-5 K-1 and for BaO A=(-3.9±1) ·10-5 K-1 , but positive for CaO A = (2.3 ± 1.2) · 10-5 K-1.
Comparison with the results of analysis of the anharmonic effects in the alcaline-halides shows that the alcaline-earth-oxides may be treated by the same models valuable for the alcaline-halides. The results suggest that the type of anharmonic forces is determined in the alcaline-halides as well as in the alcaline-earth-oxides primarily by the cation of the salt.
Diffusion von Antimon in Gold
Authors: Herzig Chr. , Heumann Th. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Die Diffusion von Antimon in Gold wurde in grobkristallinen Proben bei sehr geringer Fremdatomkonzentration mit der Elektronenstrahlmikrosonde im Temperaturbereich von etwa 620 °C bis 1000 °C gemessen. Für Temperaturen über 730 °C lassen sich die Diffusionskoeffizienten darstellen durch die Arrhenius-Beziehung:
D = (1,14 ± 0,19) · 10-2 exp {-(30,90 ± 0,38 kcal/RT) } [cm2/sec] .
Die Ergebnisse werden diskutiert bezüglich des Modells von LeClaire über die Fremddiffusion in Metallen.
Die Molekülstruktur des 3.3.6.6-Tetramethyl-1-thiacycloheptins (C10H16S) / The Molecular Structure of 3.3.6.6-Tetramethyl-1-Thiacycloheptine
Authors: Haase Joachim , Krebs Adolf 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Die Molekülstruktur des 3.3.6.6-Tetramethyl-thiacycloheptins wurde mit Hilfe der Methode der Elektronenbeugung an Gasen bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung, die in Tab. 1 zusammengestellt sind, werden im Zusammenhang mit den Ergebnissen der Strukturbestimmung des Cyclooctins diskutiert.
Untersuchungen an stromstarken Kapillarentladungen. Teil III: Spektroskopische Messungen / Investigations on High Current Capillary-Discharges. Part 111: Spectroscopic Measurements
Authors: Ehrich Horst , Kusch Hans Jürgen 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The spectra of the capillary discharges described in Part I and II were investigated. A survey of the spectral emission was obtained by photographic spectroscopy while high-accuracy measurements of the intensity distribution in the wavelength region of 2100 - 6000 Å were performed using photoelectric techniques. Special care was taken for the current vs. intensity-curve of the photo-multiplier and the transparency of the filters used. According to the high reproducibility of the end-on emission of capillary discharges light sources of this type are very suitable for intensity calibration in the field of μsec-spectroscopy.
Characteristics of a Tunable Travelling Wave Dye Ring Laser
Authors: Marowsky G. , Ringwelski L. , Schäfer F.P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A flashlamp pumped dye ring laser using 4 Abbé prisms of constant 90 degree deviation has been built. Travelling wave operation is obtained when the counterclockwise wave is fed back by a beam-splitting output prism. The laser emission offers remarkable frequency stability when narrowed down to a linewidth of 7 pm by the use of an intracavity solid Fabry-Perot etalon.
13C-NMR Chemical Shift Anisotropy in Benzene-l-13C
Authors: Englert Gerhard 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The 13 C-NMR spectrum obtained by the pulsed Fourier technique, of benzene-l-13 C oriented in a nematic liquid crys-tal was analysed. From the chemical shift difference between the nematic and isotropic phase a value for the 13 C chemical shift anisotropy in benzene-l-13 C of +190 ppm was determin-ed.
Fließverhalten kompensierter cholesterisdier Mischungen / Flow Behaviour of Compensated Cholesteric Liquid-Crystal Mixtures
Authors: Pollmann P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Cholesterische Flüssigkeiten besitzen eine Schrauben-struktur, deren Drehsinn durch die Molekülstruktur des zugrunde liegenden Cholesterinesters bestimmt wird. Wie verschiedene Untersuchungen 1-3 zeigen, kann durch Mischen zweier cholesterisdier Komponen-ten entgegengesetzten Drehsinns eine Kompensation er-reicht, d. h. die Verschraubung aufgehoben und somit eine nematische Struktur erzeugt werden. Sonderdruckanforderungen an Dr. P. POLLMANN,
Hyperfeinstruktur im Rotati onsspektrum des GaCl
Authors: Tiemann E , Grasshoff M , Hoeft J 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Measurements on the rotational transition J = 0 → 1 of the four isotopic species of GaCl resulted in improved rotational and hyperfine structur constants.

35Cl: e qν Q = [-13.20-0.20(ν+1/2) ± 0.15] MHz;

69Ga: e qν Q = [-92.40+0.68(ν+1/2) ± 0.14] MHz
On the Modified Form of Rittner's Potential Function
Authors: Patel M. M. , Gohel V. B. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The modified form of the Rittner's potential function has been tested in it's ability to reproduce the ωeχe values of alkali halide diatomic molecules. The function has been compared with the original form of Rittner's potential. The comparison of the calculated values of ωeχe with those obtained experimentally shows that the modified form of the Rittner's potential is better than the original one. The reliability of the test made in the present study has been briefly discussed
Epitaxie von dünnen Tellurschichten auf Alkalihalogeniden bei 100 °C
Authors: Dick Egon , Schüz Werner , Baden Mosbach 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Te was evaporated in high vacuum (10-5 Torr) on simultaneously cleavaged alkali halides with rock salt structure. Research on the Te-films was done by transmission electron microscopy. We ob-served characteristic differences in epitaxy quality of the different substances: e. g. NaCl and LiBr showed bad, RbJ and KJ showed exceptionally good epitaxy (exclusively point diffraction pat-terns) . Reproduced experiments showed the same results as simultaneous evaporation. The expected systematic relation to analoguous d-values was however insignificant. It seems to be an "indirect epitaxy" caused by intermediate layers of different structures
Is a Shake up Process Responsible for the Multi-peak Structure of the X-ray Photoelectron Spectra of Metal Hexacarbonyls?
Authors: Pignataro S 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The X-ray photoelectron energy spectra of chromium, molybdenum and tungsten hexacarbonyls are found to show a multi-peak structure. This is particularly remarkable in the C1S and O1S binding energy region. This peculiarity is tentatively interpreted on the basis of a double excitation process involving the ionization and simultaneous excitation of a valence electron
Experimenteller Nachweis stationärer Inversionen atomarer Niveaus in einem expandierenden Wasserstoff-Plasma / Eperimental Evidence for Stationary Population Inversions of Atomic Levels in an Expanding Hydrogen Plasma
Authors: Hoffmann P , Bohn W. L. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Detailed calculations of population densities of excited levels in a decaying hydrogen plasma flow predict population inversions within a definite range of plasma parameters. This has been verified experimentally in a rapid expanding plasma where the characteristic time of decay was much shorter than the relaxation time of the ground state. Population inversions have been found for the first transitions of the Paschen and Brackett series
Kinetische Prozesse in einem photochemischen Jodlaser * Kinetic Processes in a Photochemical Iodine Laser / Kinetic Processes in a Photochemical Iodine Laser
Authors: Hohla K , Kompa K 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Time-dependent gain measurements of a pulsed iodine laser amplifier have been used to deter-mine decay rates of excited iodine atoms 52P1/2 . Rate constants are reported for the iodine deactivation by CF3I and C2F6 . Attempts to correlate the results with predictions from a kinetic model indicate that excited iodine atoms are formed not only in the primary photolysis but also by additional chemical processes.
Fluctuating Electric Field and Franz-Keldysh Effect inside an Acoustoelectric Domain
Authors: Wonneberger W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The mean squared electric field〈E2〉 associated with the great number of vibrational waves excited in an acoustoelectric domain is determined by means of an asymptotic analysis of the current saturation parameter. It is found that the Franz-Keldysh effect caused by 〈E2〉 can account for the optical transmission modulation observed during the passage of an acoustoelectric domain.
Zur paramagnetischen Elektronenresonanz metallorganischer Sandwich-Verbindungen, Teil I / The magnetic resonance properties of some sandwich compounds, part i
Authors: Krieger R , Voitländer J 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The zero-field splitting and g-values of manganocene and chromocene have been calculated. The wave functions were obtained by means of a self-consistent charge extended Huckel method. The calculated values g||=2.0034 and g⊥ = 2.0033 of manganocene agree fairly well with the experi­mental results obtained from ESR measurements. The very large computed zero-field splitting D= -0.24 cm-1 explains that there has been observed only one ESR transition though mangano­cene is in a spin-5/2 state. For chromocene no ESR transition has been found until now. We therefore studied the splitting of the orbitally degenerate ground state by the combined action of spin-orbit coupling and low-symmetry perturbation. The predicted splitting is strongly dependent on the magnitude of the rhombic distortion compared to the spin-orbit interaction. The g-values are highly anisotropic, with g|| =2.49 and g⊥ =1.97
A Generalized Expression for the Energy Density of Electromagnetic Waves in Media with Strong Temporal Dispersion
Authors: Anderson Dan 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
An expression is derived for the energy density of an electromagnetic wave of rather general form in a lossless, homogeneous and isotropic medium exhibiting temporal dispersion. The result is a generalization of the standard form and takes into account higher order derivatives of the di-electric and permeability functions as well as of the electric and magnetic field amplitudes of the wave. The classical derivation of the expression for the energy density given by BRILLOUIN1, is dis-cussed in some detail and, finally, a qualitative example of a chirp pulse in a simple medium is given, which illustrates the importance of higher order terms
Transport Properties of Thoria and Thoria-based Solid Solutions
Authors: Etsell T. H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The methods for obtaining transport numbers in oxides are described and associated experimental difficulties are discussed. Their reliability is assessed and used in conjunction with related data to offer a consistent picture for thoria and thoria-based solutions between 500° and 1600 °C. Both are ionic conductors within certain ranges of oxygen pressure. It is concluded that, for ThO2,

and, for ThO2 -Y2O3 solutions (10-20 mole % YO1.5),

where P⊕ P⊖ , respectively, are the oxygen pressures (atm) where the ionic and p-type and the ionic and n-type conductivities are equal. Ionic conductivity and charge carrier mobilities in thoria are briefly considered
Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Molecular Complexes Having Multiple Charge Transfer Bands
Authors: Pignataro S , Aloisi G 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The ultra violet spectral data for molecular complexes showing multiple charge-transfer bands are compared with the photoelectron energy spectra of the free donors.
The energy separation between the first two photoelectron bands of the free donor is shown to correspond to the energy separation between the absorption maxima of the charge-trans­fer band for a number of complexes involving aromatic com­pounds as donors.
This indicates that in the cases considered the multiple charge-transfer maxima are due to transitions from two diffe­rent occupied orbitals of the donor to the same vacant orbital of the acceptor
Kinetic Theory for Mixtures of Dilute Gases of Linear Rotating Molecules II. The Senftleben-Beenakker Effect of the Heat Conductivity
Authors: Köhler W. E. , Raum H. H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The system of transport relaxation equations obtained from the linearized Waldmann-Snider equation is the starting point for the kinetic treatment of the heat conductivity for mixtures of linear diamagnetic molecules in an external homogeneous magnetic field. The connection of the occurring collision integrals with certain molecular cross sections is discussed and order of magnitude considerations are made for molecules with small nonsphericity of their interaction. With the Kagan polarization as the decisive rotational angular momentum anisotropy term in the molecular distribution function, an expression for the heat conductivity ini the presence of a magnetic field is derived for mixtures with an arbitrary number of components. The mole fraction dependence of the saturation values is studied for binary mixtures of rotating molecules and noble gas atoms for a simplified model. As an example, the system o-D2/He is considered.
Bestimmung atmosphärischer Austauschgrößen aus Konzentrationsmessungen von Spallationsprodukten / An Evaluation of Eddy Diffusion Coefficients by the Measurement of Spallation Products
Authors: Hartwig S. , Sittkus A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
By measuring the isotopes P32 , P33 and Be7 in rain samples for several years in Freiburg, it was possible to determine two tropospheric eddy diffusion coefficients. The results of the calculations for the summerperiod are:
Kzz (vertical coefficient) =3 ·105 cm2/sec,
Kφφ (horizontal coefficient) =4 ·109 cm2/sec,
and for the winterperiod:
Kzz =1.5·105 cm2/sec,
Kφφ = 2 ·1010 cm2/sec.
Kφφ is valid as well for the stratoshere.
Untersuchung quasistationärer Lichtbögen hoher Leistung bei starker axialer Gasströmung / High Power Quasistationary Arcs in Strong Axial Gasflow
Authors: Bötticher W. , Kogelschatz U. , Schade E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A new discharge chamber for pulsed arcs of high power (U=1000V, 1-2 . . . 5 kA) burning quasistationary in strong axial gas flows is described. The axial pressure drop of about 25 at in the convergent-divergent nozzle results in a mass flow of ca. 600 g/s. The pulse duration is 5 ms. In front of the nozzle one can produce a very stable arc column under certain conditions. In the divergent flow field the arc generates strong turbulence. The radial temperature distribution in the stable part is measured by schlieren-and emission spectroscopic methods. Due to radiation transport in the arc column proper and radial gas flow in the cool region the temperature profile is almost a rectangular distribution.
Determination of Plasma Electron Temperature from the Reversal of Radial Ambipolar Electric Field in a Longitudinal Magnetic Field
Authors: Franck Günter , Held R. , Pfeil H. D. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
When a longitudinal magnetic field is superimposed to a low pressure plasma, reversal of the radial ambipolar electric field takes place at a definite magnetic field Br. From the Br-values electron temperatures Te in the plasma can be found, when classical magnetic field diffusion exists.
In the negative H2-and He-glow plasmas with superimposed longitudinal magnetic field, electron temperatures have been measured on the one hand by the method of electric field reversal and on the other hand with Langmuir probes. There is a fairly good agreement between the Te-values obtained by both methods.
Filamentleiter mit supraleitenden Schichten aus V3Ga / Filamentary Composite Wires with Superconducting Layers of V3Ga
Authors: Wilhelm M. , Springer E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Superconducting layers of V3Ga are formed at the interface of solid state V-(Cu, Ga) diffusion couples during heat treatment. Growth of diffusion layers has been investigated as function of temperature, time, and composition of the copper-gallium alloy. Beyond that we report on deformability and recrystallization behaviour of (Cu, Ga) as well as on electrical properties of filamentary V3Ga composite wires.
Die flammenspektralphotometrische Analyse des Spurenelementes Rubidium in Graniten und deren Biotiten / The Flamephotometric Analysis of the Trace Element Rubidium in Granites and Biotites
Authors: Zänkert Anselm , Ackermann Wilhelm 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Rubidium determinations of granites and biotites were performed by flamephotometric measurements and controlled by isotope dilution method. For isotope geological work the flamephotometric determination is not precise enough to replace the isotope dilution technique.
Notizen:Sensibilisierung von Radiophotolumineszenz- gläsern / Sensitizing of Radiophotoluminescence Glasses
Authors: Käs H. H. , Scharmann A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The sensitizing of silveractivated radiophotoluminescence glasses in dependence on doping ions has been studied. The greatest increase in sensitivity is shown by addition of TiO2.
Isotopieeffekte im Rotationsspektrum des SiS / lsotopic Effects in the Rotational Spectrum of SiS
Authors: Tiemann E. , Renwanz E. , Hoeft J. , Törring T. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Corrections resulting from the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation were obtained by a detailed discussion of the higher order isotopic effects of the rotational constant Y01 . This analysis yields the sign of the electric dipole moment to be positive (+SiS-) and the sign of the molecular gJ-value to be negative. The magnitude of the adiabatic correction was evaluated.