bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formes de déconnexion volontaire et temporalités de Twitter
Authors: Domenget Jean-Claude 
Published: October 2014

Les professionnels de la visibilité ont pour mission de rendre le plus présents possible leurs clients sur les moteurs de recherche et les médias sociaux. Compte tenu des enjeux professionnels liés à leur présence en ligne sur Twitter, notamment en termes de reconnaissance d’expertise, d’e-réputation ou encore d’employabilité, leurs formes de déconnexion volontaire ne peuvent être que partielles, ponctuelles, provisoires, voire dissimulées. En analysant ces pratiques sous l’angle des temporalités en jeu, il apparaît que, face aux fortes tensions qui existent entre des cadres temporels rigides, une culture temporelle marquée par le « culte de l’urgence » et une capacité à réussir son équation temporelle personnelle (préserver un temps à soi), seules les formes de déconnexion repérées permettent de s’en prémunir et d’atteindre un idéal de milieu temporel souple, changeant et modifiable. Dans ce cadre, trois figures d’usagers sont distinguées en fonction de leur manière de résoudre leur équation temporelle personnelle et des formes de déconnexion volontaire qu’elles privilégient.
Les agendas, outils cognitifs de l'organisation du quotidien
Authors: Guillot Caroline 
Published: October 2014

En quoi les différents modes d’usage des agendas (papier, électronique, calendrier, post-it...) constituent-ils des révélateurs du travail d’articulation des activités et comment, à travers lui, émerge le souci de séparer les sphères d’appartenance ? Articuler les activités sociales entre elles peut représenter une tâche cognitive complexe, surtout lorsqu’il faut gérer une multiplicité d’activités et faire face à des temporalités hétérogènes et incertaines. La gestion du temps est soutenue par des artefacts cognitifs, comme les agendas qui permettent, entre autres, de réduire l’effort de mémorisation et de programmation. À partir de l’analyse des usages des agendas, nous montrerons dans quelles conditions ces artefacts facilitent ou non l’articulation des activités. En effet, les sphères d’échange et de partage des agendas peuvent peser sur les stratégies d’écriture et ainsi rendre leur utilisation contraignante. Nous verrons également que les utilisateurs cherchent à faire exister une frontière entre les sphères privée et professionnelle pour préserver leur autonomie et leur vie intime.
Le passant de la bande
Authors: Vasset Philippe 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Géographe, benjamin@geosolutions.com n’a pas résisté à la proposition de Speedial, leader mondial de l’internet : faire la cartographie du web. C’est-à-dire, plus précisément, la cartographie des infrastructures très matérielles d’un réseau censément virtuel. Philippe Vasset est journaliste. Collaborateur de Vacarme, auteur de plusieurs nouvelles, il a accepté que nous publiions un extrait de ce premier roman, encore inédit, où la fiction et l’aventure partent, repartent, à l’assaut des techniques. À moins que ça ne soit l’inverse : grésillements sonores du savoir, puissance optique des cartes, littérature de machine.
L'ennemi indéfini
Authors: Pasquier Emmanuel 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Les méchants, ça peut servir. Certes, dans le genre, Carl Schmitt pousse un peu : engagement glaçant (membre du parti nazi jusqu’en 1936, condamné à Nuremberg pour antisémitisme), théorie sinistre (en gros, l’hostilité comme vérité de la politique). Sinistre, mais utile, lorsque la situation se réduit de fait à une opposition « ami/ennemi ». Emmanuel Pasquier a écrit ce texte à New York, après le 11 septembre.
B Cell Lymphogenesis in Swine Is Located in the Bone Marrow
Authors: Sinkora Marek , Sinkorova Jana 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
A course and a site of B cell development in swine are not firmly known. In this study, we show that B cell lymphogenesis is located in the bone marrow (BM). According to expression of MHC class II (MHC-II), CD2, CD21, CD25, CD45RC, CD172a, swine workshop cluster (identification number) (SWC) 7, and μHC, porcine BM cells were resolved into seven subsets representing sequential stages of development. Profile of rearrangement-specific products and transcripts from sorted BM cells confirmed the proposed developmental pathway. The same developmental pathway was further proven by analysis of selection for productive rearrangements in Ig H chains and also by cultivation studies. Cultivation also showed that earliest precursors with incomplete DJ rearrangements can still revert their B cell differentiation and develop along myeloid lineage, whereas this is impossible for later developmental stages. Proliferation and the apoptotic potential of individual developmental stages as well as critical checkpoints were also identified. Colocalization experiments showed early colocalization of MHC-II/CD2/CD172a is replaced by colocalization of MHC-II/CD2/CD21/SWC7/IgM in immature cells, whereas CD25 and CD45RC did not colocalize with any other studied molecules. In this study, we also finally prove that the BM in pigs is fully functional in adult animals and that B lymphogenesis occurs there throughout life. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing a course and a direct site of B cell lymphogenesis in swine.
Text4Peds: Feasibility of an Educational Text-Messaging Program for Pediatrics Residents
Authors: Adamson Gregory T. , Draper Lauren R. , Broom Matthew A. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background
There is an ongoing effort to maximize educational material provided to residents who are in a time-constrained work environment. Mobile technology, principally smartphone applications and online modules, has shown educational promise.

Intervention
We developed a text-messaging program, Text4Peds, to assist residents with preparation for their pediatric board examinations. Goals were to assess (1) the feasibility of texting educational messages to residents, and (2) resident satisfaction and perceived usefulness of a texting program.

Methods
We conducted a prospective study of pediatrics and combined internal medicine-pediatrics residents. Messages derived from the most missed pediatric in-training examination questions were sent daily to residents. After 3 months, residents completed surveys that gauged their perception on the educational value of the text messages and the effect on their pediatric board preparation. Feasibility of the system was assessed as a total percentage of messages successfully received by residents.

Results
Of 55 residents, 35 (64%) participated in the program. Of 2534 messages sent out to participants, 2437 (96.2%) were delivered successfully. Positive comments cited the texting of board facts as a quick, helpful, daily study tool. Residents liked that messages were sent at 2:00 pm, and most felt that 1 to 5 messages per week was appropriate. Drawbacks included character restrictions of messages, content limitations, and the lack of a question-answer format.

Conclusions
An educational text message–based program was successfully implemented in our residency program. Messages were delivered with a high success rate, and residents found educational value in the messages.
An Evidence-Based Medicine Curriculum Improves General Surgery Residents' Standardized Test Scores in Research and Statistics
Authors: Trickey Amber W. , Crosby Moira E. , Singh Monika , Dort Jonathan M. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background
The application of evidence-based medicine to patient care requires unique skills of the physician. Advancing residents' abilities to accurately evaluate the quality of evidence is built on understanding of fundamental research concepts. The American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE) provides a relevant measure of surgical residents' knowledge of research design and statistics.

Objective
We implemented a research education curriculum in an independent academic medical center general residency program, and assessed the effect on ABSITE scores.

Methods
The curriculum consisted of five 1-hour monthly research and statistics lectures. The lectures were presented before the 2012 and 2013 examinations. Forty residents completing ABSITE examinations from 2007 to 2013 were included in the study. Two investigators independently identified research-related item topics from examination summary reports. Correct and incorrect responses were compared precurriculum and postcurriculum. Regression models were calculated to estimate improvement in postcurriculum scores, adjusted for individuals' scores over time and postgraduate year level.

Results
Residents demonstrated significant improvement in postcurriculum examination scores for research and statistics items. Correct responses increased 27% (P &lt; .001). Residents were 5 times more likely to achieve a perfect score on research and statistics items postcurriculum (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Residents at all levels demonstrated improved research and statistics scores after receiving the curriculum. Because the ABSITE includes a wide spectrum of research topics, sustained improvements suggest a genuine level of understanding that will promote lifelong evaluation and clinical application of the surgical literature.
The Hard Work of Screaming: Physical Exertion and Affective Labor Among Mexico City’s Punk Vocalists
Authors: Tatro Kelley 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Abstract. In this article, I consider the screaming and growling vocalizations performed by Mexico City’s punk vocalists. Such extreme vocal productions not only result in harsh, distorted vocal timbres, but also in the display of vocalists’ hard-working bodies. Through physical exertion, punk vocalists also perform affective labor, creating an environment in which fans may “take out the rage,” producing solidarity through collective catharsis. I argue that through the hard work of screaming, participants in Mexico City’s punk scene explore alternative notions of labor and value, attempting to enact their anarchist ideals in the context of the post-industrial, neoliberal metropolis.
Listening to the World but Hearing Ourselves: Hybridity and Perceptions of Authenticity in World Music
Authors: Weiss Sarah 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Abstract. This essay problematizes the intersection of aesthetic preferences and positions on authenticity held by listeners as they encounter musical hybridity and processes of globalization. Using analytical ideas drawn from hybridity theory and ethnographic data derived from university listeners who respond to two pop songs from Mali, the author suggests that “perceived authenticity” is a primary determinant of the valuation of world musics. Marketers may exploit listeners’ perceptions, but understanding that authenticity is more malleable and cyclic than its definition suggests reveals the complicated nexus of category boundaries, audience expectation, and the hybridizing processes of cultural interaction.
Cartilage Repair Using Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Chondroprogenitors
Authors: Cheng Aixin , Kapacee Zoher , Peng Jiang , Lu Shibi , Lucas Robert J. , Hardingham Timothy E. , Kimber Susan J. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In initial work, we developed a 14-day culture protocol under potential GMP, chemically defined conditions to generate chondroprogenitors from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The present study was undertaken to investigate the cartilage repair capacity of these cells. The chondrogenic protocol was optimized and validated with gene expression profiling. The protocol was also applied successfully to two lines of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Chondrogenic cells derived from hESCs were encapsulated in fibrin gel and implanted in osteochondral defects in the patella groove of nude rats, and cartilage repair was evaluated by histomorphology and immunocytochemistry. Genes associated with chondrogenesis were upregulated during the protocol, and pluripotency-related genes were downregulated. Aggregation of chondrogenic cells was accompanied by high expression of SOX9 and strong staining with Safranin O. Culture with PluriSln1 was lethal for hESCs but was tolerated by hESC chondrogenic cells, and no OCT4-positive cells were detected in hESC chondrogenic cells. iPSCs were also shown to generate chondroprogenitors in this protocol. Repaired tissue in the defect area implanted with hESC-derived chondrogenic cells was stained for collagen II with little collagen I, but negligible collagen II was observed in the fibrin-only controls. Viable human cells were detected in the repair tissue at 12 weeks. The results show that chondrogenic cells derived from hESCs, using a chemically defined culture system, when implanted in focal defects were able to promote cartilage repair. This is a first step in evaluating these cells for clinical application for the treatment of cartilage lesions.
Posterior Tibial Tendinopathy
Authors: Beeson Paul 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundPosterior tibial tendinopathy (PTT) is the most common cause of acquired (progressive) flatfoot deformity in adults. To date, PTT research has mainly focused on management rather than on causal mechanisms. The etiology of PTT is likely to be multifactorial because both intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors have been reported. We sought to critically evaluate reported etiologic factors for PTT and consider the concept of genetic risk factors.MethodsA detailed review of the literature published after 1936 was undertaken using English-language medical databases.ResultsNo clear consensus exists as to the relative importance of the risk factors reported, and neither has any consideration been given to a possible genetic basis for PTT.ConclusionsTo date, studies have examined various intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors implicated in the etiology of PTT. The interaction of these factors with an individual's genetic background may provide valuable data and help offer a more complete risk profile for PTT. A properly constructed genetic association study to determine the genetic basis of PTT would provide a novel and alternative approach to understanding this condition.
An Assessment of Hallux Limitus in University Basketball Players Compared with Noncompetitive Individuals
Authors: Trégouët Paul 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundInjuries of the first metatarsophalangeal joint have lately been receiving attention from researchers owing to the important functions of this joint. However, most of the studies of turf toe injuries have focused on sports played on artificial turf.MethodsThis study compared the range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint in collegiate basketball players (n = 123) and noncompetitive individuals (n = 123).ResultsA statistically significant difference (P &lt; .001) in range of motion was found between the two groups. The difference between the two sample means was 21.35°.ConclusionsWith hallux rigidus being a potential sequela of repeated turf toe injuries, it seems likely that subacute turf toe injuries occur in basketball players, leading to degenerative changes that result in hallux limitus.
Consequences of Repetitive Toenail Cutting by Podiatric Physicians on Force Production, Endurance to Fatigue, and the Electromyogram of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscles
Authors: Vie Bruno , Loffredo Remy , Sanahdji Farid , Weber Jean-Paul , Jammes Yves 
Published: October 2014

Background
We hypothesized that the repetitive use of a toenail clipper by podiatric physicians could induce fatigue of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) muscle, reducing the accuracy of toenail cutting.

Methods
We examined the consequences of cutting a plastic sheet, reproducing the resistance of thick toenails, with a podiatric medical clipper on the maximal handgrip force (Fmax) developed by the FDS muscle and an isometric handgrip sustained at 50% of Fmax, during which endurance to fatigue and changes in the power spectra of the surface FDS muscle electromyogram (root mean square and median frequency) were measured. The same participants randomly performed one or five runs of 30 successive cuttings, each on different days.

Results
After the first and fifth cutting runs, Fmax increased, suggesting a post-tetanic potentiation. During the handgrip sustained at 50% of Fmax, we measured a significant reduction in the tension-time index after the first cutting run. Moreover, after the fifth cutting run, the tension-time index decrease was significantly accentuated, and the decrease in FDS muscle median frequency was enhanced. No median frequency decline was measured during the cutting runs.

Conclusions
These results suggest that the efficacy of occupational podiatric medical tasks progressively declines with the repetition of toenail cutting. We propose solutions to remedy this situation.
Radiographic Anatomy of the Foot and Ankle—Part 2
Authors: Christman Robert A. 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundNormal radiographic anatomy of the foot and ankle, aside from my previous work, has been addressed only superficially or sparingly in the medical literature. This project correlates detailed radiographic anatomy of the entire adult foot and ankle (two-dimensional) to osteology (three-dimensional).MethodsEach bone's position was determined after meticulous examination and correlation to an articulated skeleton relative to the image receptor and direction of the x-ray beam, with correlation to the radiograph for confirmation.ResultsImages of each foot and distal leg bone (“front” and “back” perspectives) are presented alongside a corresponding radiographic image for comparison. The normal gross and radiographic anatomy is correlated and described for each radiographic positioning technique.ConclusionsFoundational knowledge is provided that future researchers can use as a baseline (“normal”) and that students and practitioners can use for comparison when interpreting radiographs and distinguishing abnormal findings. The results of the original project, owing to its broad scope, have been divided into five parts: the lower leg, the greater tarsus (the focus of this article), the lesser tarsus, the metatarsals, and the phalanges.
Schwannoma of the Posterior Tibial Nerve
Authors: Judd Tanya , Jones Taunna , Thornberry Lauren 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundSchwannomas are rare, slow-growing, benign tumors consisting of Schwann cells. They may cause pressure along a bony structure, resulting in increased pain and discomfort. Less than 1% of schwannomas become malignant, and localization in the foot is uncommon (2%–3% of reported cases).MethodsWe present a case of a schwannoma of a branch of the posterior tibial nerve sheath. The goal is to assist in recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of schwannoma in the foot and ankle. This is a case of a 51-year-old male soccer player with a soft-tissue mass along the medial ankle at the tarsal tunnel area with an insidious onset (2 years). Physical examination revealed a 3.0 × 2.5-cm mass; magnetic resonance imaging confirmed location, size, and depth.ResultsSurgical resection of the soft-tissue mass was performed under general anesthesia. The mass was found to be superior to the flexor retinaculum and attached by a small nerve branch of the posterior tibial nerve that traveled through the flexor retinaculum. A tissue specimen was sent to the pathology laboratory, and a schwannoma was confirmed histologically.ConclusionsSchwannomas can occur after trauma, especially if the posterior tibial nerve or its branches are affected intrinsically or extrinsically, leading to discomfort, pain, and numbness along the tarsal tunnel. Also, unique to this case, a schwannoma may occur along the small branches of the posterior tibial nerve and present anatomically superior to the flexor retinaculum.
Along‐strike variations in the Nankai shallow décollement properties and their implications for tsunami earthquake generation
Authors: Park Jin‐Oh , Naruse Hajime , Bangs Nathan L. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractRupture of slow tsunami earthquakes at subduction zones propagates along a shallow plate‐boundary fault (i.e., décollement) nearly all the way to the trench. Seismic reflection profiles reveal that the shallow décollements have variable reflection characteristics in the Nankai subduction zone, allowing us to divide the subduction zone into impedance‐decreasing (inferred to be fluid‐rich) and impedance‐increasing (fluid‐poor) décollement regions. The fluid‐rich décollement regions with reverse‐polarity reflections may play a role as conditionally stable patches because of elevated fluid pressures. In contrast, the fluid‐poor décollement regions with normal‐polarity reflections could be unstable seismogenic patches with no unusual fluid pressures. We propose that when megathrust earthquakes nucleate at shallow depth, the small unstable fluid‐poor patches are prone to slip. They may also accelerate (velocity‐weakening) adjacent large, conditionally stable patches, generating large shallow slip and large tsunamis. As a result, along‐strike contrast of fault properties can involve large tsunami earthquakes along the Nankai shallow megathrust fault.
Defining a proxy for the interpretation of seismic anisotropy in non‐Newtonian mantle flows
Authors: Hedjazian N. , Kaminski E. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSeismic anisotropy can provide unique insights on convection in the upper mantle. Here we study the link between seismic anisotropy and mantle flow using a non‐Newtonian rheology consistent with deformation by dislocation creep. Using analytical first‐order flow models underneath a ridge and in subduction zones, we find that finite strain ellipsoid (FSE) is a robust proxy of seismic anisotropy, both in terms of orientation and strength, for natural strains smaller than ≈ 1. At larger strains, anisotropy aligns with the “infinite strain axis” (ISA), defined as the orientation of the long axis of the FSE in the limit of infinite strain, and its percentage reaches a plateau. Anisotropy aligns with the flow direction only when the product of the inverse strain rate with the timescale of ISA rotation within the flow is smaller than 0.1.
Sedimentation rates test models of oceanic detachment faulting
Authors: Parnell‐Turner Ross , Cann Johnson R. , Smith Deborah K. , Schouten Hans , Yoerger Dana , Palmiotto Camilla , Zheleznov Alexei , Bai Hailong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractLong‐lived detachment faults play an important role in the construction of new oceanic crust at slow‐spreading mid‐oceanic ridges. Although the corrugated surfaces of exposed low‐angle faults demonstrate past slip, it is difficult to determine whether a given fault is currently active. If inactive, it is unclear when slip ceased. This judgment is crucial for tectonic reconstructions where detachment faults are present, and for models of plate spreading. We quantify variation in sediment thickness over two corrugated surfaces near 16.5°N at the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge using near‐bottom Compressed High Intensity Radar Pulse (CHIRP) data. We show that the distribution of sediment and tectonic features at one detachment fault is consistent with slip occurring today. In contrast, another corrugated surface 20 km to the south shows a sediment distribution suggesting that slip ceased ~150,000 years ago. Data presented here provide new evidence for active detachment faulting, and suggest along‐axis variations in fault activity occur over tens of kilometers.