bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐resolution mass spectrometry and partial de novo sequencing constitute a useful approach for determining the profile of chemokine secretion following the stimulation of human intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Maubert Marie‐Anne , Quévrain Elodie , Capton Estelle , Grill Jean Pierre , Thomas Ginette , Bachelet Marie , Rainteau Dominique , Trugnan Germain , Tabet Jean‐Claude , Masliah Joëlle , Afonso Carlos 
Published: September 2013

RATIONALEIntestinal epithelial cells (IEC) secrete many chemokines in response to proinflammatory stimuli. We investigated their role in the mucosal inflammatory response in the intestine, by developing a non‐targeted approach for analyzing the profile of peptides secreted by stimulated IEC, based on differential mass spectrometry analysis.METHODSLipopolysaccharide (LPS) was incubated with IEC as a proinflammatory stimulus. Differential peptidomic analysis was then carried out, comparing the profiles of IEC with and without LPS stimulation. A mass spectrometry procedure was developed, based on a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) approach without enzymatic pretreatment of the peptides. Partial de novo sequencing was carried out by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR), and the native peptides in the culture media were identified.RESULTSA major ion (m/z 7862.51) detected after stimulation was identified as GRO alpha and a minor ion (m/z 8918.17) was identified as IL‐8. ELISA‐based comparisons gave results consistent with those obtained by MS. Surprisingly, GRO alpha was secreted in amounts 5 to 15 times higher than those for IL‐8 in our cellular model. The truncated form of IL‐8, resulting from activation, was detected and distinguished from the native peptide by MS, whereas this was not possible with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).CONCLUSIONSMass spectrometric analysis of culture media can be used to identify the principal peptides produced in response to the stimulation of IEC, and their metabolites. Mass spectrometry provides a comprehensive view of the chemokines and peptides potentially involved in gut inflammation, making it possible to identify the most appropriate peptides for further quantification. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extended Kalman filter and adaptive backstepping for mean temperature control of a three‐way catalytic converter
Authors: Utz T. , Fleck C. , Frauhammer J. , Seiler‐Thull D. , Kugi A. 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYThis contribution is concerned with an adaptive control strategy for the mean temperature of an automotive three‐way catalytic converter. Tailored finite‐dimensional approximations of the complex infinite‐dimensional mathematical model of the catalytic converter serve as a basis for the design of an extended Kalman filter for state profile estimation and of an adaptive backstepping controller for the mean temperature. Although the model used for observer design relies on (semi‐)discretising the infinite‐dimensional model, a simple model for the mean temperature employing a phenomenological approach to describe the reaction heat is used for control design. The observer/controller is tested in simulation scenarios using a validated model of the three‐way catalytic converter. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RCCA security for KEM+DEM style hybrid encryptions and a general hybrid paradigm from RCCA‐secure KEMs to CCA‐secure encryptions
Authors: Yuan Chen , Qingkuan Dong 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTReplayable chosen‐ciphertext attack (RCCA) security is a weaker notion than chosen‐ciphertext attack (CCA) security and has been proven to be sufficient for several cryptographic tasks. However, it is open to construct RCCA‐secure schemes more efficient than CCA‐secure ones. This paper adapts RCCA security to the most popular hybrid paradigms, KEM+DEM and Tag‐KEM/DEM. For KEM+DEM paradigm, we show RCCA security is consistent with the CCA case, just as desired. But for Tag‐KEM/DEM paradigm, we find some different status. Natural RCCA‐secure Tag‐KEM schemes can be easily constructed, which are more efficient than all existing CCA‐secure ones. But unfortunately, passive security of DEM is not sufficient to obtain RCCA hybrid encryptions. In spite of this and for completeness, we show RCCA‐secure DEMs are still sufficient. On the other hand, for passive secure DEMs, we prove that a stronger notion of RCCA security for Tag‐KEM, named as tRCCA security, suffices for RCCA‐secure hybrid encryptions. This somewhat suggests that a benign RCCA security for tag‐based schemes should be tRCCA security. Finally, to show RCCA‐secure KEM is sufficient for achieving CCA‐secure hybrid encryptions, we introduce a new hybrid paradigm, named as KEM/Tag‐DEM, where the ciphertext of KEM is used as a tag for Tag‐DEM scheme rather than reversely in Tag‐KEM/DEM, so that the security of KEM can be weakened to RCCA one. KEM/Tag‐DEM shows the diversity of hybrid encryptions and has additional practical values. We also show Tag‐DEMs can be constructed as efficiently as DEMs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microstructure Evolution in Aged UNS S82441 Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Zhang Ziying , Zhang Huizhen , He Liang , Han Dong , Jiang Yiming , Li Jin 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe precipitation and evolution of secondary phases in aged UNS S82441 Duplex Stainless Steel was investigated with morphological observation. The coexistence of nitrides, carbides and sigma and chi phase was found during the initial aging stages. In the initial aging stages, the granular σ and χ phases grow and coalesce according to Ostwald ripening. The intermetallic particles near the austenite/ferrite interfaces tend to grow compared to those in the inner grain. The relationships between aging time and microstructure evolution of this alloy were discussed in detail. After aging, the chromium‐depleted zones near the austenite/ferrite interfaces transform to the secondary austenite, while the chromium‐depleted zones near the ferrite/ferrite interfaces are replenished with chromium from the matrix.
The effects of nicotine and tobacco particulate matter on dopamine uptake in the rat brain
Authors: Danielson Kirsty , Putt Fraser , Truman Penelope , Kivell Bronwyn M. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTCigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Recently, tobacco extracts have been shown to have a different pharmacological profile to nicotine alone and there is increasing evidence of a role for non‐nicotinic components of cigarette smoke in smoking addiction. Nicotine is known to affect the uptake of dopamine in the brain of laboratory animals, but studies in the literature are often contradictory and little is known of the effects on non‐nicotinic tobacco components on dopamine uptake. This study has examined the acute and chronic effects of nicotine and a tobacco extract (TPM) on dopamine uptake by the dopamine and norepinephrine transporters (DAT and NET) ex vivo using rotating disk electrode voltammetry, and quantified DAT and NET protein and mRNA expression in key brain regions. Nicotine (0.35 mg/kg) significantly decreased DAT function in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) at 30 min with no change in protein expression. This effect was sensitive to mecamylamine and DHβE but not MLA, indicating that it is dependent on α4 subunit containing nicotinic receptors. Furthermore, TPM, but not nicotine, increased DAT function in the dorsal striatum at 1 h in a nicotinic receptor independent manner with no change in DAT protein expression. At 1 h DAT mRNA in the ventral tegmental area was decreased by both acute and chronic TPM treatments. Synapse 68:45–60, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tree stocking affects winter bird densities across a gradient of savanna, woodland, and forest in the Missouri Ozarks
Authors: Kendrick Sarah W. , Thompson Frank R. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTSavanna and woodland were historically prevalent in the midwestern United States, and managers throughout the area are currently attempting to restore these communities. Better knowledge of the responses of breeding and non‐breeding birds to savanna and woodland restoration is needed to inform management. We surveyed abundance of winter resident birds across a gradient of tree stocking encompassed by savannas, woodlands, and non‐managed forests in the Missouri Ozark Highlands, USA, and assessed the effect of stocking on bird densities. We conducted point counts at 560 locations along 42 transects on 10 sites across 2 winters between December and February, 2009–2011. We estimated detection probabilities and densities of birds using hierarchical, distance‐based abundance models that incorporate covariates into estimation of both detection probabilities and densities. We fit models for 12 species with >49 detections and met model assumptions. Detection probabilities were affected by observer, temperature, wind speed, and stocking, and there was some level of support of the effects of stocking on the densities of all 12 species. Densities of black‐capped plus Carolina chickadees (Poecile atricapillus, P. carolinensis), brown creeper (Certhia americana), golden‐crowned kinglet (Regulus satrapa), and red‐bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus) increased with stocking; whereas, densities of eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis), hairy woodpecker (Picoides villosus), and northern flicker (Colaptes auratus) were greatest at intermediate values of stocking. Although densities of 7 of the 12 species varied substantially across the range of stocking, all species used all 3 communities across a wide range of stocking. We provide winter densities of 12 of the most common overwintering bird species in the Missouri Ozarks; the relationships between their densities and stocking can be used to guide management where managers have bird‐species‐specific objectives. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Microbial natural products: molecular blueprints for antitumor drugs
Authors: Giddings Lesley-Ann , Newman David J 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Microbes from two of the three domains of life, the Prokarya, and Eukarya, continue to serve as rich sources of structurally complex chemical scaffolds that have proven to be essential for the development of anticancer therapeutics. This review describes only a handful of exemplary natural products and their derivatives as well as those that have served as elegant blueprints for the development of novel synthetic structures that are either currently in use or in clinical or preclinical trials together with some of their earlier analogs in some cases whose failure to proceed aided in the derivation of later compounds. In every case, a microbe has been either identified as the producer of secondary metabolites or speculated to be involved in the production via symbiotic associations. Finally, rapidly evolving next-generation sequencing technologies have led to the increasing availability of microbial genomes. Relevant examples of genome mining and genetic manipulation are discussed, demonstrating that we have only barely scratched the surface with regards to harnessing the potential of microbes as sources of new pharmaceutical leads/agents or biological probes.
Effect of Simulated Thermo‐Degradation on the Carotenoids, Tocopherols and Antioxidant Properties of Tomato and Paprika Oleoresins
Authors: Abbeddou Souheila , Petrakis Christos , Pérez‐Gálvez Antonio , Kefalas Panagiotis , Hornero‐Méndez Dámaso 
Published: September 2013

AbstractColor quality is the economical key factor for oily extracts, also referred to as oleoresins, obtained from carotenogenic fruits and vegetables for application in foodstuffs. However, this organoleptic property is not the only attribute as carotenoids develop some bioactive actions, which provide a beneficial effect on health. It has been suggested that reaching some oxidation level during processing enhances the antioxidant activity of phytochemicals, including carotenoids, so that knowledge of the impact of thermal processing in the redox state and antioxidant activity is significant. During thermal degradation of carotenoids in tomato and paprika oleoresins the coloring content, redox state and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. The lipid profile and tocopherol content were similar in both oily extracts but significant differences were observed on functional properties derived from carotenoid activity. The initial antioxidant capacity was similar for both carotenoid extracts, tomato oleoresin kept higher antioxidant capacity values (DPPH test) than paprika oleoresin, although the degradation rate was significantly higher for lycopene, while carotenoids of paprika oleoresin degraded slowly. Paprika oleoresin showed a higher antioxidant activity (hydrogen peroxide test) than tomato oleoresin. Carotenoid degradation products may participate on radical scavenging reactions but efficiency depends on the radical species and structure of degradation products produced during thermal degradation.
Intramedullary rod fixation of fibrous dysplasia without use of bisphosphonates
Authors: Gaski Greg , Hansen Dane , Willis Leisel M. , Bos Gary D. , Kean John R. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose Controversy exists regarding approach to treatment of pediatric patients with fibrous dysplasia. Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records of seven patients who were treated at our institution for fibrous dysplasia by intramedullary rod fixation without bisphosphonate supplementation. Results Seven patients with a total of ten fibrous dysplasia lesion sites surgically treated by intramedullary rod fixation were included. Of these ten lesion sites, eight demonstrated pathologic fracture at the time of fixation. Complete fracture healing was observed in all eight sites, with no incidence of recurrent pathologic fractures examined radiographically. There were no major infections or neurologic deficits, and lesions appeared to stabilize. Conclusions In this series, intramedullary rod fixation proved to be successful in treatment of acute pathologic fracture and incompletely healed fibrous dysplasia lesions. We observed partial resolution of fibrous dysplasia lesions at all ten sites without significant long-term complications. Following treatment, there were no refractures. Level of evidence Level IV, case series.
Race/Ethnicity, Obesity, and Related Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors: A Life-Course Perspective
Authors: Wahi Gita , Anand Sonia S. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The adoption of health behaviors characterized by minimal energy expenditure and overconsumption of energy has led to cardiometabolic risk factors in pregnancy, childhood, and youth, all of which increase the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. The propensity to develop abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors appears to disproportionally affect non-white ethnic groups. While the majority of observational research has been conducted in populations of European origin, studies in non-white ethnic groups across the life-course are underway and there is evidence that unique ethnic-specific differences exist. This review will focus on the life-course determinants of obesity and its related cardio-metabolic risk factors among diverse ethnic groups including people of Afro-Caribbean origin, South Asian, East Asian, and indigenous ancestry.
Stabilization of fluidized beds of particles magnetized by an external field: effects of particle size and field orientation
Authors: Espin M. J. , Valverde J. M. , Quintanilla M. A. S. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis paper reports experimental measurements on the yield stress, the permeability to gas flow and the gas velocity at the jamming transition of gas-fluidized beds of magnetizable particles as affected by particle size and orientation and strength of an externally imposed magnetic field. Tested samples consisted of relatively monodisperse magnetite powders of $35$, $50$ and $65~\unicode[.5,0][STIXGeneral,Times]{x03BC} \mathrm{m} $ particle size. The permeability to gas flow and jamming transition velocity increase with particle size and in a specially marked way when the magnetic field is applied along the gas flow direction. The magnetic contribution to the yield stress is also particularly enhanced for co-flow magnetic fields. However, the effect of particle size on the yield stress shows a dependence on the microstructure packing as affected by particle size and orientation of the field. The magnetic yield stress increases with particle size for magnetic fields applied in the cross-flow configuration while the opposite trend is observed when the direction of the magnetic field is parallel to the gas flow. The observations reported in this paper are generally explained by the formation of chains of particles due to attractive magnetic forces between the magnetized particles and the orientation of these chains with respect to the magnetic field.
On the heat transferred to the air surrounding a semi-infinite inclined hot plate
Authors: Gollner Michael J. , Sánchez Antonio L. , Williams Forman A. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAn asymptotic analysis of laminar free convection in a boundary layer over an isothermal semi-infinite flat plate inclined at some angle to the vertical has been performed. Existing analytical solutions show no difference in the heat-transfer rate between the upper and lower surfaces of the plate, contrary to observations. To investigate this, higher-order perturbations of the non-dimensional temperature, velocity and pressure across the boundary layer were computed and found to show only small variations from first-order perturbations previously reported. Unexpectedly, third-order perturbations of all functions were found to be identical to those of the vertical plate, indicating that differences in temperature between both sides of the plate are limited to exceedingly small terms of order ${x}^{- 9/ 4} $ or smaller, $x$ being the distance from the leading edge, non-dimensionalized by the buoyancy length scale. Dominant differences between heat-transfer rates on the upper and lower surfaces were therefore concluded to be due to near-leading-edge effects. In applying an integral form of the conservation equations to the near-leading-edge region, it was found that, up to terms of order unity in $x$, the total heat-exchange rate for the inclined plate is identical to that of the vertical plate, so that the heat-transfer gain on one side balances exactly the loss occurring on the other. This simplification allowed determination of an upper bound for differences in heat-transfer rates between the upper and lower sides, even though complete determination of the differences would require a numerical integration of the full Navier–Stokes equations near the leading edge of the plate.
Investigation on the Frequency Allocation for Radio Astronomy at the L Band
Authors: Abidin Z. Z. , Umar R. , Ibrahim Z. A. , Rosli Z. , Asanok K. , Gasiprong N. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the frequency allocation reserved for radio astronomy in the L band set by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), which is between 1400 and 1427 MHz, is reviewed. We argue that the nearby frequencies are still very important for radio astronomers on the ground by investigating radio objects (H i sources) around 1300–1500 MHz. The L-band window is separated into a group of four windows, namely 1400–1427 MHz (window A), 1380–1400 MHz (window B), 1350–1380 MHz (window C), and 1300–1350 MHz (window D). These windows are selected according to their redshifts from a rest frequency for hydrogen spectral line at 1420.4057 MHz. Radio objects up to z ≈ 0.1 or frequency down to 1300 MHz are examined. We argue that since window B has important radio objects within the four windows, this window should also be given to radio astronomy. They are galaxies, spiral galaxies, and galaxy clusters. This underlines the significance of window B for radio astronomers on the ground. By investigating the severeness of radio frequency interference (RFI) within these windows, we have determined that window B still has significant, consistent RFI. The main RFI sources in the four windows have also been identified. We also found that the Department of Civil Aviation of Malaysia is assigned a frequency range of 1215–1427 MHz, which is transmitted within the four windows and inside the protected frequency for radio astronomy. We also investigated the RFI in the four windows on proposed sites of future radio astronomy observatories in Malaysia and Thailand and found the two best sites as Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) and Ubon Ratchathani, respectively. It has also been determined that RFI in window B increases with population density.
Quantifying Resolving Power in Astronomical Spectra
Authors: Robertson J. Gordon 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe spectral resolving power R = λ/δλ is a key property of any spectrograph, but its definition is vague because the ‘smallest resolvable wavelength difference’ δλ does not have a consistent definition. Often, the FWHM is used, but this is not consistent when comparing the resolution of instruments with different forms of spectral line-spread function. Here, two methods for calculating resolving power on a consistent scale are given. The first method is based on the principle that two spectral lines are just resolved when the mutual disturbance in fitting the fluxes of the lines reaches a threshold (here equal to that of sinc2 profiles at the Rayleigh criterion). The second criterion assumes that two spectrographs have equal resolving powers if the wavelength error in fitting a narrow spectral line is the same in each case (given equal signal flux and noise power). The two criteria give similar results and give rise to scaling factors that can be applied to bring resolving power calculated using the FWHM on to a consistent scale. The differences among commonly encountered line-spread functions are substantial, with a Lorentzian profile (as produced by an imaging Fabry–Perot interferometer) being a factor of two worse than the boxy profile from a projected circle (as produced by integration across the spatial dimension of a multi-mode fibre) when both have the same FWHM. The projected circle has a larger FWHM than its true resolution, so using FWHM to characterise the resolution of a spectrograph which is fed by multi-mode fibres significantly underestimates its true resolving power if it has small aberrations and a well-sampled profile.
Lp-DUAL MIXED GEOMINIMAL SURFACE AREA
Authors: FENG YIBIN , WANG WEIDONG 
Published: September 2013

AbstractLutwak (Adv. Math., vol. 118(2), 1996, pp. 244–294) defined the notion of Lp-geominimal surface area based on Lp-mixed volumes. Recently, Wang and Qi (J. Inequal. Appl., vol. 2011, 2011, pp. 1–10) introduced the concept of Lp-dual geominimal surface area based on Lp-dual mixed volumes. In this paper, based on Lp-dual mixed quermassintegrals, we define the concept of Lp-dual mixed geominimal surface area and establish several inequalities for this new notion.