bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical improvement of surfaces. Part 4: Significantly enhanced hydrophobicity of wood by covalent modification with p-silyl-functionalized benzoates
Authors: Kaldun Christian , Dahle Sebastian , Maus-Friedrichs Wolfgang , Namyslo Jan C. , Kaufmann Dieter E. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
One aim of this work was the chemical modification of surfaces of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood veneer chips by covalently bonded substances for improved hydrophobicity. The durable attachment of organosilyl moieties to the surface was in focus. Several benzotriazolyl-activated p-silylated benzoic acid derivatives were applied to the esterification of OH groups at different temperatures and reaction times. The reactions resulted in weight percent gains from 8% to 43% and corresponding quantities of covalently bonded organomaterials of 0.3–2.1 mmol g-1 wood. The hydrophobicity was significantly increased as indicated by contact angles from 121° to 142°. All modified wood samples were analyzed by attenuated total reflection-infrared, contact angle measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Crystal structure of catena-Poly[bis(µ2-2,4-dihydroxybenzoato-κ3O1,O1':O2)-(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N')lead(II)], C28H22N2O8Pb
Authors: Guo Li-Bing , Xian Dong , Tang Jun-Ming 
Published: July 2015

Abstract C28H22N2O8Pb, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 18.691(2) Å, b = 12.611(1) Å, c = 11.092(1) Å, V = 2614.7 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0220, wRref(F2) = 0.0671, T = 296 K.
Krótki wykład o muzyce XX wieku. Kompendium dydaktyczne / A Short Lecture on Twentieth-Century Music. A Teaching Compendium
Authors: Jasiński Tomasz 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe article is a comprehensive presentation of the history of music in the twentieth century, taking into account the main trends and phenomena of this period, inter alia impressionism, expressionism, neoclassicism, dodecaphony, punctualism, and total serialism, then avant-garde solutions and pluralism after World War Two (inter alia electronic music, concrete music (musique concrète), graphic music, aleatoric music, open forms, instrumental theater, minimal music), and finally the most recent trends (e.g. spectral music, new complexity, polystylistics), including a clearly marked return to the Romantic tradition. The chronologically presented discourse includes opinions that concisely explain some compositional solutions, as well as the list of composers and the titles of their works that exemplifi ed the problems discussed. The paper ends with the thoughts on the future of music in the new, twenty-first century.The article is meant as teaching material for the arts and humanities programs.
Wetting properties of biosurfactant (rhamnolipid) with synthetic surfactants mixtures in the context of soil remediation
Authors: Hallmann Elżbieta , Mędrzycka Krystyna 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWetting properties of synthetic surfactant Rokanol NL6, biosurfactant JBR 425 and their mixture have been investigated. On the basis of these investigations, the ability of used surfactants to remove the synthetic base oil (PAO6) from sandy soil and clay loam was evaluated. Surfactant solutions were applied for soil flushing in batch experiments. The results show that synthetic surfactant addition worsens physicochemical properties of pure biosurfactant but exhibits much higher oil removal efficiency than biosurfactant does.
Assessment of the Splash on the Foothill Slope (Flysch Carpathians, Bystrzanka Catchment) / Ocena wielkości rozbryzgu gleby na stoku pogórskim (Karpaty fliszowe, zlewnia Bystrzanki)
Authors: Kijowska-Strugała Małgorzata , Kiszka Krzysztof 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe article presents the results of the splash on the experimental plots on the foothill slope (with gradient 11°) with a black fallow and meadows and also plots on the foodplain with black fallow. The study was based on funnels method. The analysis of the results of research conducted from May to August 2012 showed that the size of the splash mainly depends on the kinetic energy of rain and gradient. Moreover, the splash on black fallow exceeds even 95 times the splash in the plots with meadow and 20 times in the floodplain plots without vegetation. Soil particles on the slope are moved to a maximum height of 40 cm down the slope and about 30 cm up the slope, mainly during high intensity rainfall. Furthermore, the sand grains are more easily thrown by splash than clay material
Life Level of the Population in Lviv Region, Ukraine: Diagnosis of the Present Situation / Poziom życia ludności obwodu lwowskiego na Ukrainie: diagnoza stanu
Authors: Petrovska Myrosława , Pantylej Wiktoria 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe categories of living conditions, life level and life quality as well as different approaches towards integral estimation of life level are analyzed in the article. Statistical estimation of life level in Lviv region of Ukraine is based on environmental, social, health, and demographic indices. The classification of administrative districts of Lviv region according to living conditions is done based on the estimation of the average indices in Ukraine and on integral estimation stimulant and destimulant indexes
The natural transformations between T-th order prolongation of tangent and cotangent bundles over Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Plaszczyk Mariusz 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIf (M,g) is a Riemannian manifold then there is the well-known base preserving vector bundle isomorphism TM → T* M given by v → g(v,−) between the tangent TM and the cotangent T* M bundles of M. In the present note first we generalize this isomorphism to the one J
Cell cycle‐dependent ubiquitylation and destruction of NDE1 by CDK5‐FBW7 regulates ciliary length
Authors: Maskey Dipak , Marlin Matthew Caleb , Kim Seokho , Kim Sehyun , Ong E‐Ching , Li Guangpu , Tsiokas Leonidas 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPrimary cilia start forming within the G1 phase of the cell cycle and continue to grow as cells exit the cell cycle (G0). They start resorbing when cells re‐enter the cell cycle (S phase) and are practically invisible in mitosis. The mechanisms by which cilium biogenesis and disassembly are coupled to the cell cycle are complex and not well understood. We previously identified the centrosomal phosphoprotein NDE1 as a negative regulator of ciliary length and showed that its levels inversely correlate with ciliogenesis. Here, we identify the tumor suppressor FBW7 (also known as FBXW7, CDC4, AGO, or SEL‐10) as the E3 ligase that mediates the destruction of NDE1 upon entry into G1. CDK5, a kinase active in G1/G0, primes NDE1 for FBW7‐mediated recognition. Cells depleted of FBW7 or CDK5 show enhanced levels of NDE1 and a reduction in ciliary length, which is corrected in cells depleted of both FBW7 or CDK5 and NDE1. These data show that cell cycle‐dependent mechanisms can control ciliary length through a CDK5‐FBW7‐NDE1 pathway.
Comparison of Genomic Selection Models to Predict Flowering Time and Spike Grain Number in Two Hexaploid Wheat Doubled Haploid Populations
Authors: Thavamanikumar Saravanan , Dolferus Rudy , Thumma Bala R 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Genomic selection (GS) is becoming an important selection tool in crop breeding. In this study, we compared the ability of different GS models to predict time to young microspore (TYM), a flowering time-related trait, spike grain number under control conditions (SGNC) and spike grain number under osmotic stress conditions (SGNO) in two wheat biparental doubled haploid populations with unrelated parents. Prediction accuracies were compared using BayesB, Bayesian least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Bayesian LASSO / BL), ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction (RR-BLUP), partial least square regression (PLS), and sparse partial least square regression (SPLS) models. Prediction accuracy was tested with 10-fold cross-validation within a population and with independent validation in which marker effects from one population were used to predict traits in the other population. High prediction accuracies were obtained for TYM (0.51–0.84), whereas moderate to low accuracies were observed for SGNC (0.10–0.42) and SGNO (0.27–0.46) using cross-validation. Prediction accuracies based on independent validation are generally lower than those based on cross-validation. BayesB and SPLS outperformed all other models in predicting TYM with both cross-validation and independent validation. Although the accuracies of all models are similar in predicting SGNC and SGNO with cross-validation, BayesB and SPLS had the highest accuracy in predicting SGNC with independent validation. In independent validation, accuracies of all the models increased by using only the QTL-linked markers. Results from this study indicate that BayesB and SPLS capture the linkage disequilibrium between markers and traits effectively leading to higher accuracies. Excluding markers from QTL studies reduces prediction accuracies.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Down Syndrome-Associated Atrioventricular Septal Defects
Authors: Ramachandran Dhanya , Zeng Zhen , Locke Adam E , Mulle Jennifer G , Bean Lora J H , Rosser Tracie C , Dooley Kenneth J , Cua Clifford L , Capone George T , Reeves Roger H , Maslen Cheryl L , Cutler David J , Feingold Eleanor , Sherman Stephanie L , Zwick Michael E 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe goal of this study was to identify the contribution of common genetic variants to Down syndrome−associated atrioventricular septal defect, a severe heart abnormality. Compared with the euploid population, infants with Down syndrome, or trisomy 21, have a 2000-fold increased risk of presenting with atrioventricular septal defects. The cause of this increased risk remains elusive. Here we present data from the largest heart study conducted to date on a trisomic background by using a carefully characterized collection of individuals from extreme ends of the phenotypic spectrum. We performed a genome-wide association study using logistic regression analysis on 452 individuals with Down syndrome, consisting of 210 cases with complete atrioventricular septal defects and 242 controls with structurally normal hearts. No individual variant achieved genome-wide significance. We identified four disomic regions (1p36.3, 5p15.31, 8q22.3, and 17q22) and two trisomic regions on chromosome 21 (around PDXK and KCNJ6 genes) that merit further investigation in large replication studies. Our data show that a few common genetic variants of large effect size (odds ratio &gt;2.0) do not account for the elevated risk of Down syndrome−associated atrioventricular septal defects. Instead, multiple variants of low-to-moderate effect sizes may contribute to this elevated risk, highlighting the complex genetic architecture of atrioventricular septal defects even in the highly susceptible Down syndrome population.
The Spatial Mixing of Genomes in Secondary Contact Zones
Authors: Sedghifar Alisa , Brandvain Yaniv , Ralph Peter , Coop Graham 
Published: July 2015

AbstractRecent genomic studies have highlighted the important role of admixture in shaping genome-wide patterns of diversity. Past admixture leaves a population genomic signature of linkage disequilibrium (LD), reflecting the mixing of parental chromosomes by segregation and recombination. These patterns of LD can be used to infer the timing of admixture, but the results of inference can depend strongly on the assumed demographic model. Here, we introduce a theoretical framework for modeling patterns of LD in a geographic contact zone where two differentiated populations have come into contact and are mixing by diffusive local migration. Assuming that this secondary contact is recent enough that genetic drift can be ignored, we derive expressions for the expected LD and admixture tract lengths across geographic space as a function of the age of the contact zone and the dispersal distance of individuals. We develop an approach to infer age of contact zones, using population genomic data from multiple spatially sampled populations by fitting our model to the decay of LD with recombination distance. To demonstrate an application of our model, we use our approach to explore the fit of a geographic contact zone model to three human genomic data sets from populations in Indonesia, Central Asia, and India and compare our results to inference under different demographic models. We obtain substantially different results from those of the commonly used model of panmictic admixture, highlighting the sensitivity of admixture timing results to the choice of demographic model.
Interacción colibrí-flor en tres remanentes de bosque tropical seco (BsT) del municipio de Chimichagua (Cesar, Colombia)
Authors: León-Camargo Daniel , Rangel-Churio Jesús Orlando 
Published: July 2015

<p>Se caracterizó la interacción colibrí-planta en tres remanentes de bosque tropical seco (BsT), ubicados en el municipio de Chimichagua (Cesar, Colombia) con base en la observación de las visitas a los recursos florales y en los análisis de las cargas de polen en el pico y en otras partes del cuerpo de las aves. Se registró la época de floración y la abundancia de flores producidas por las plantas utilizadas por los colibríes y se midió la cantidad y calidad del néctar. En cinco muestreos que cubrieron la variabilidad de la precipitación en la zona de estudio, se capturaron a 17 individuos. Se realizaron 218 observaciones (visitas) de dos especies de colibríes Lepidopyga goudoti y Phaethornis anthophilus, los cuales visitaron a 31 especies de plantas. Para el caso de las observaciones sobre visitas de los colibríes a las plantas, Arrabidaea cf. corallina fue la más importante (IVIR=0.14840) en los tres remanentes de vegetación estudiados, seguida por Aphelandra pulcherrima (IVIR=0.05356) y Pogonopus speciosus (IVIR=0.02773). Otra especie importante pero con valores bajos fue Cochlospermum vitifolium. De acuerdo con los análisis de cargas de polen, el recurso más importante fue Pogonopus speciosus con un valor de IVIR=0.29643, seguido por Aphelandra pulcherrima (IVIR=0.09286) y Hemistylus cf. odontophylla (IVIR=0.03294). En el análisis general para los tres sitios (Tabla 3), los recursos más importantes para los colibríes fueron Pogonopus speciosus (IVIR=0.06207), Aphelandra pulcherrima (IVIR=0.06021) y Cochlospermum vitifolium (IVIR=0.01095). L. goudoti utiliza 22 especies de plantas, mientras que P. anthophilus solamente utiliza siete. Las flores visitadas fueron en su mayoría tubulares con colores brillantes y contrastantes como el rojo, el morado y el violeta y se encontró buen ajuste entre su tamaño y la longitud y la forma del pico de los colibríes. También se presentaron visitas a flores de color blanco y amarillo como Cochlospermum vitifolium, Sterculia apetala, Ceiba pentandra, mencionadas como especies adaptadas a la polinización por insectos, pero que igualmente atraen a especies de colibríes, especialmente de pico corto. L. goudoti presentó polen de todas las especies que figuraron como recursos importantes según la intensidad de uso, mientras que P. anthophilus solamente utilizó a seis especies.</p>
SINOPSIS DE CROTON (EUPHORBIACEAE) EN LOS ANDES DE MÉRIDA, VENEZUELA
Authors: Luján Manuel , León Yelitza , Riina Ricarda 
Published: July 2015

<p>Se realizó una sinopsis taxonómica del género Croton en los Andes de Mérida, Venezuela. Se analizaron caracteres vegetativos en 245 especímenes y se hizo un análisis de agrupamiento que resultó en la identificación de 21 grupos discretos a los cuales les fueron asignadas las identidades taxonómicas específicas más apropiadas. De estas 21 especies, C. pedicellatus representa un nuevo registro para Venezuela, C. fragilis, C. speciosus y C. redolens son nuevos registros para la región andina. Se proponen 2 nuevos sinónimos (C. chamanus bajo C. conduplicatus y C. timotensis bajo C. pungens) y se designan 3 lectotipos (C. pungens, C. ovalifolius y C. speciosus). Se discuten las relaciones entre las especies y se incluye una clave para su identificación.</p>
Financial Distress and Its Associations With Physical and Emotional Symptoms and Quality of Life Among Advanced Cancer Patients
Authors: Delgado-Guay Marvin , Ferrer Jeanette , Rieber Alyssa G. , Rhondali Wadih , Tayjasanant Supakarn , Ochoa Jewel , Cantu Hilda , Chisholm Gary , Williams Janet , Frisbee-Hume Susan , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Objective.
There are limited data on the effects of financial distress (FD) on overall suffering and quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced cancer (AdCa). In this cross-sectional study, we examined the frequency of FD and its correlates in AdCa.

Patients and Methods.
We interviewed 149 patients, 77 at a comprehensive cancer center (CCC) and 72 at a general public hospital (GPH). AdCa completed a self-rated FD (subjective experience of distress attributed to financial problems) numeric rating scale (0 = best, 10 = worst) and validated questionnaires assessing symptoms (Edmonton Symptom Assessment System [ESAS]), psychosocial distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]), and QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General [FACT-G]).

Results.
The patients’ median age was 60 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 58.6–61.5 years); 74 (50%) were female; 48 of 77 at CCC (62%) versus 13 of 72 at GPH (18%) were white; 21 of 77 (27%) versus 32 of 72 (38%) at CCC and GPH, respectively, were black; and 7 of 77 (9%) versus 27 of 72 (38%) at CCC and GPH, respectively, were Hispanic (p &lt; .0001). FD was present in 65 of 75 at CCC (86%; 95% CI: 76%–93%) versus 65 of 72 at GPH (90%; 95% CI: 81%–96%; p = .45). The median intensity of FD at CCC and GPH was 4 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1–7) versus 8 (IQR: 3–10), respectively (p = .0003). FD was reported as more severe than physical distress, distress about physical functioning, social/family distress, and emotional distress by 45 (30%), 46 (31%), 64 (43%), and 55 (37%) AdCa, respectively (all significantly worse for patients at GPH) (p &lt; .05). AdCa reported that FD was affecting their general well-being (0 = not at all, 10 = very much) with a median score of 5 (IQR: 1–8). FD correlated (Spearman correlation) with FACT-G (r = −0.23, p = .0057); HADS-anxiety (r = .27, p = .0014), ESAS-anxiety (r = .2, p = .0151), and ESAS-depression (r = .18, p = .0336).

Conclusion.
FD was very frequent in both groups, but median intensity was double among GPH patients. More than 30% of AdCa rated FD to be more severe than physical, family, and emotional distress. More research is needed to better characterize FD and its correlates in AdCa and possible interventions.

Implications for Practice:
Financial distress is an important and common factor contributing to the suffering of advanced cancer patients and their caregivers. It should be suspected in patients with persistent, refractory symptom expression. Early identification, measurement, and documentation will allow clinical teams to develop interventions to improve financial distress and its impact on quality of life of advanced cancer patients.
Historia y discurso regenerador en a Ilustre Casa de Ramires de Eça de Queirós
Authors: Pasero Carlos Alberto 
Published: July 2015

<p>A ilustre casa de Ramires (1900) apresenta uma representação problemática: a situação partidária, a questão moçambicana e certa incongruência das gerações, conformam um universo ficcional ambivalente, cíclico e conflitivo. O que parece questionar se as condições da decadência portuguesa tinham sido ultrapassadas no final do século.</p><p>O modelo textual historiográfico é o prefácio à 3ª edição de Portugal contemporâneo (1895). A resposta ao desafio lançado por Oliveira Martins (“Salvar-nos-á Angola, como nos salvou o Brasil no século XVII?”), no contraste epocal e no debate ideológico em torno ao colonialismo, revela intenções mais anatemáticas que reivindicativas.</p><p> </p><p>A ilustre casa de Ramires (1900) traces a problematic representation: the situation of the political parties, the Mozambique question, and certain generational incongruence conform a double meaning fictional universe, cyclical and conflictive. This seems to challenge that the conditions of Portuguese decadence had been overcome at end of the century.</p><p>The historiografic textual model is the preface for the third edition of Portugal contemporâneo (1895). The answer to the claim proposed by Oliveira Martins (“Salvar-nos-á Angola, como nos salvou o Brasil no século XVII?”), in epochal contrast and in ideological debate about colonialism, reveal more anathematic than replevying intentions.</p>
O Discurso colonial: notas sobre o padre Antônio Vieira
Authors: Freitas Marcus Vinicius De 
Published: July 2015

<p>Este artigo propõe que o sistema colonial português estava baseado em uma contradição entre discurso ideológico e interesses econômicos. Essa contradição possuía uma importante função dentro do sistema. Colocados a meio caminho entre portugueses e índios, entre reinóis e filhos nativos de portugueses, entre a mundividência barroca e o senso pragmático mercantilista, os agentes coloniais, tais como o Padre Vieira, representavam em seu discurso essas ambigüidades, as quais, estando na base do sistema colonial, eram igualmente o seu elemento de coesão social.</p><p> </p><p>This paper proposes as a matter of discussion that the Portuguese colonial system was based on a contradiction between ideological discourse and economical interests. This contradiction had an important function inside of the colonial system. Placed in the halfway between Portuguese and indians; between reinóis and American born people, between the barroc worldview and the mercantilist pragmatic sense, the colonial agents such as Father Vieira represented in their discourse these ambiguities which were the basis of the colonial society and its element of social cohesion.</p>
Viagens, memória, coleção e arquivos na narrativa de Murilo Rubião
Authors: Bastos Hermenegildo José 
Published: July 2015

<p>Na geografia da ficção muriliana opõe-se a serra ao mar. Os personagens são ex-marinheiros ou descendentes de marinheiros. A nostalgia do mar é pelo passado de ação e bravura. No presente da narrativa, habitam cidadezinhas do interior. Deslocam-se para a cidade grande ou esperam pelos seus representantes, que vêm civilizá-los. O navio foi substituído pelo trem, representando cada um uma etapa da história do capitalismo: a expansão ibérica e a inglesa. Narrase aí a aventura colonial. A escrita fantástica revela os espectros da aventura da modernidade, que vagueiam entre o passado e o presente. As camadas mais remotas da memória dessa aventura são as das cidades pequenas, as mais recentes, as da cidade grande. Confrontam-se modos diferentes de produção e sobrevivência. A má fé do personagem narrador denuncia a sua cumplicidade com os jogos do poder.</p> <p>In murileon’s fiction geography, the mountain is opposed to the sea. The characteres are former sailors or sailors descendents. The nostalgia for the sea relates to the action and bravery of the past. In the narrative’s present, they dwell in country little towns. They move to the big cities or they wait for its representatives to come and civilize them. The train was substituted for the ship, each one representing one step in capitalism history: the Iberian and British expansion. The narration of the colonial adventure takes place. The fantastic writing reveals the ghosts of the modernity adventure, who wander between past and present. The most remote layers of the memory of this adventure are the ones of the little towns, and the most recent, the ones of the big cities. Different ways of production are confronted with different ways of survival. The narrator’s bad faith denounces his complicity in power games.</p> <p> </p>