bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological and genetic characterization of the muscadine fruit abscission zone
Authors: Brinley Alana R , Conner Patrick J , Yu Fahong , Sarkhosh Ali , Liu Tie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Muscadines face limitations to fresh market production due to high manual labor costs. Mechanical harvesting holds promise for reducing the costs associated with muscadine production but requires cultivars with easily detached fruit at maturity. This study aimed to determine muscadine fruit and pedicel characteristics influencing fruit detachment force (FDF) and to unravel the genes, hormones, and regulatory networks governing muscadine abscission. We characterized the FDF of muscadine fruit across 18 genotypes and at four developmental stages. Following this, we performed a transcriptome analysis using the mature pedicel tissue of two genotypes, a genotype with high FDF at maturity and a genotype with low FDF at maturity, to identify differentially expressed and uniquely expressed genes contributing to fruit detachment. We found that pedicel length, pedicel–fruit junction area, and fruit diameter positively correlated with FDF. This study also identified novel candidate genes, transcription factor families, and pathways associated with muscadine fruit abscission. These findings provide valuable knowledge on the progression of fruit abscission and insights for reducing FDF, particularly in developing machine-harvestable muscadine cultivars and fostering sustainability and efficiency in muscadine production.
Brain mGlu5 Is Linked to Cognition and Cigarette Smoking but Does Not Differ From Control in Early Abstinence From Chronic Methamphetamine Use
Authors: McClintick Megan N , Kessler Robert M , Mandelkern Mark A , Mahmoudie Tarannom , Allen Daicia C , Lachoff Hilary , Pochon Jean-Baptiste F , Ghahremani Dara G , Farahi Judah B , Partiai Edwin , Casillas Robert A , Mooney Larissa J , Dean Andy C , London Edythe D 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe group-I metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) has been implicated in methamphetamine exposure in animals and in human cognition. Because people with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) exhibit cognitive deficits, we evaluated mGlu5 in people with MUD and controls and tested its association with cognitive performance.MethodsPositron emission tomography was performed to measure the total VT of [18F]FPEB, a radiotracer for mGlu5, in brains of participants with MUD (abstinent from methamphetamine for at least 2 weeks, N = 14) and a control group (N = 14). Drug use history questionnaires and tests of verbal learning, spatial working memory, and executive function were administered. Associations of VT with methamphetamine use, tobacco use, and cognitive performance were tested.ResultsMUD participants did not differ from controls in global or regional VT, and measures of methamphetamine use were not correlated with VT. VT was significantly higher globally in nonsmoking vs smoking participants (main effect, P = .0041). MUD participants showed nonsignificant weakness on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task and the Stroop test vs controls (P = .08 and P = .13, respectively) with moderate to large effect sizes, and significantly underperformed controls on the Spatial Capacity Delayed Response Test (P = .015). Across groups, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task performance correlated with VT in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and superior frontal gyrus.ConclusionAbstinent MUD patients show no evidence of mGlu5 downregulation in brain, but association of VT in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with verbal learning suggests that medications that target mGlu5 may improve cognitive performance.
Quality criteria and certification for paediatric oncology centres: an international cross-sectional survey
Authors: Schladerer Sarah P , Otth Maria , Scheinemann Katrin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Quality criteria and certification possibilities for paediatric oncology centres vary between countries and are not widely used. An overview of the type and how quality criteria and certifications are used in countries with highly developed healthcare systems is missing. This international cross-sectional survey investigated the use of quality criteria for paediatric oncology centres and whether certification is possible. We sent an online survey to paediatric oncologists from 32 countries worldwide and analysed the survey results and provided regional or national documents on quality criteria and certification possibilities descriptively. Paediatric oncologists from 28 (88%) countries replied. In most countries, the paediatric oncology centres were partly or completely grown historically (75%), followed by the development based on predefined criteria (29%), and due to political reason (25%), with more than one reason in some countries. Quality criteria are available in 20 countries (71%). We newly identified or specified five quality criteria, in addition to those from a previously performed systematic review. Certification of paediatric oncology centres is possible in 13 countries (46%), with a specific certification for paediatric oncology in seven, and a mandatory certification in three of them. The use of quality criteria and certification possibilities are heterogeneous, with quality criteria being more frequently used than certifications. Our study provides an overview of country-specific documents and links with quality criteria, and centre certification possibilities. It can serve as a reference document for stakeholders and may inform an international harmonization of quality criteria and centre certification between countries with similar healthcare systems.
Optimal dosing regimen of caspofungin in adolescents with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Du Bin , Zhang Wei , Wang Yang , Wu Yue-E , Zhang Ya-Hui , van den Anker John , Hao Guo-Xiang , Zhao Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The optimal dosing regimen of caspofungin in adolescents undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation against Candida spp. is unknown. The study aimed to compare body surface area (BSA)-based and fixed dosing regimens through population pharmacokinetic (PPK) analysis and to optimize dosing regimens likely to achieve therapeutic exposures.

Methods
Opportunistic sampling was used to collect plasma concentrations through a prospective observational pharmacokinetic study. PPK analysis and Monte Carlo simulations (n = 1000) were performed using NONMEM.

Results
A total of 86 samples of 30 adolescents (12–17 years old) were best described by a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model. BSA is the only covariate on clearance and central volume of distribution. For Candida glabrata and Candida albicans, a standard dosing regimen could achieve at least a 90% probability of target attainment for the indicator of AUC0–24/MIC90. Dosing regimen simulations identified a BSA cut-off value of 1.3 m2, where a fixed loading dose (LD) is preferred when BSA ≥ 1.3 m2 and a BSA-based LD is preferred when BSA &lt; 1.3 m2. For maintenance dose (MD), however, the BSA-based dose was proposed, regardless of BSA. The current maximum dosing regimen of LD 70 mg/day and MD 70 mg/day could not result in sufficient antifungal exposure for Candida parapsilosis with MIC90 of 1 mg/L. Furthermore, an LD of 70 mg/day and MD of 60 mg/m2/day rendered 90.4% steady-state trough concentration (Ctrough) over 1 mg/L in the virtual population.

Conclusions
Our study proposed optimized dosing regimens of caspofungin based on AUC0–24/MIC90 or Ctrough, which may support further individualized treatment.
Feeding or pen surface application of clinoptilolite with different particle sizes: impact on nitrogen utilization and manure ammonia emissions in feedlot cattle
Authors: Myers Cheyanne A , de Haro Marti Mario E , Chahine Mireille , Chibisa Gwinyai E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of feeding clinoptilolite (CLN; 2.5% of diet dry matter) with a particle size of either 30- or 400-µm on ruminal fermentation characteristics, measures of nitrogen (N) utilization, and manure ammonia-N (NH3) emissions in feedlot cattle. The impact of directly applying 30- or 400-µm CLN to the pen surface (2,250 kg/ha) on manure NH3–N emissions was also evaluated. Six beef heifers were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Dietary treatments were 1) finishing ration with no supplement (CON), 2) CON + 30-µm CLN (CLN-30), and 3) CON + 400-µm CL (CLN-400). Intake was measured daily. To evaluate fermentation characteristics, ruminal fluid was collected on day 19. Indwelling pH loggers were used to measure ruminal pH from days 15 to 21. Blood was collected 3-h post-feeding on day 21 for metabolite analysis. Fecal grab and urine spot samples were also collected from days 19 to 21 to measure nutrient digestibility, route of N excretion, and in vitro NH3 emissions. There was no diet effect (P ≥ 0.12) on nutrient intake and apparent total tract digestibility, and ruminal short-chain fatty acid profile and pH. Ruminal NH3 concentration, which was lower (P = 0.04) for CLN-30 than CON heifers, did not differ between CON and CLN-400 heifers. Although there was no diet effect (P = 0.50) on plasma urea-N (PUN) concentration, proportion of urea-N excreted in urine was lower (P = 0.01) for CLN-30 than CON and CLN-400 heifers. Urinary NH3–N excretion, which was greater (P ≤ 0.04) for CLN-400 than CON heifers, did not differ between CLN-30 and CLN-400 heifers. Feeding CLN also increased (P ≤ 0.02) fecal excretion of potassium (K) and iron (Fe) and reduced (P = 0.01) urinary excretion of calcium (Ca). There was a treatment × time interaction (P = 0.01) for NH3 emission rate, which was greatest within the first 36 h of incubation and was lower for manure from CLN-400 compared to CON and CLN-30 heifers and pen surface application treatments. Cumulative NH3 emissions were lower (P &lt; 0.01) for manure from CLN-400 compared to CON and CLN-30 heifers and the pen surface application treatments. Although surface application was ineffective, feeding 400-µm CLN to finishing cattle could result in a beneficial decrease in manure NH3 emissions. However, changes in fecal and urine excretion of minerals like K and Ca, which suggest a decrease in bioavailability, need to be considered when feeding CLN in finishing cattle diets.
Multi-omics analyses reveal aberrant differentiation trajectory with WNT1 loss-of-function in type XV osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Tan Zhijia , Chen Peikai , Zhang Jianan , Shek Hiu Tung , Li Zeluan , Zhou Xinlin , Zhou Yapeng , Yin Shijie , Dong Lina , Feng Lin , Wong Janus Siu Him , Gao Bo , To Michael Kai Tsun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of severe genetic bone disorders characterized by congenital low bone mass, deformity, and frequent fractures. Type XV OI is a moderate to severe form of skeletal dysplasia caused by WNT1 variants. In this cohort study from southern China, we summarized the clinical phenotypes of patients with WNT1 variants and found that the proportion of type XV patients was around 10.3% (25 out of 243) with a diverse spectrum of phenotypes. Functional assays indicated that variants of WNT1 significantly impaired its secretion and effective activity, leading to moderate to severe clinical manifestations, porous bone structure, and enhanced osteoclastic activities. Analysis of proteomic data from human skeleton indicated that the expression of SOST (sclerostin) was dramatically reduced in type XV patients compared to patients with COL1A1 quantitative variants. Single-cell transcriptome data generated from human tibia samples of patients diagnosed with type XV OI and leg-length discrepancy, respectively, revealed aberrant differentiation trajectories of skeletal progenitors and impaired maturation of osteocytes with loss of WNT1, resulting in excessive CXCL12+ progenitors, fewer mature osteocytes, and the existence of abnormal cell populations with adipogenic characteristics. The integration of multi-omics data from human skeleton delineates how WNT1 regulates the differentiation and maturation of skeletal progenitors, which will provide a new direction for the treatment strategy of type XV OI and relative low bone mass diseases such as early onset osteoporosis.
Longitudinal course of circulating miRNAs in a patient with hypophosphatasia and asfotase alfa treatment: a case report
Authors: Hadzimuratovic Benjamin , Haschka Judith , Hackl Matthias , Diendorfer Andreas B , Mittelbach Andreas , Feurstein Julia , Zwerina Jochen , Resch Heinrich , Kocijan Roland 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is characterized by low activity of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). The enzyme replacement therapy asfotase alfa has been approved for childhood-onset forms of HPP. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a novel disease biomarker, with potential application in therapy monitoring. Circulating miRNAs were analyzed at baseline, months 1, 2, 4, and 16 in a 49-yr-old woman with childhood-onset HPP, chronic musculoskeletal pain, and non-traumatic fractures prior to enzyme replacement therapy. Serum RNA was extracted and sequenced using miRNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Germany), RealSeq Biosciences Kit (Santa Cruz, US) together with miND spike-in control kit (TAmiRNA, Austria) and Illumina NovaSeq 6000 SP1 flow cell (San Diego, US). Brief Pain Inventory Severity and Interference scores (BPI-S/BPI-I), fatigue severity scale (FSS), Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I), Western Ontario and McMaster university hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (WOMAC), fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ), 6-Minute Walking Test (6-MWT), chair-rise-test (CRT), and handgrip dynamometry (HD) were performed at baseline and different timepoints during the therapy. Out of &gt;800 screened, 84 miRNAs were selected based on differences in expression profiles between 24 HPP patients and 24 healthy controls. Six miRNAs showed a clear graphic trend and were up- or downregulated by ≥50% reads per million (rpm). These included hsa-let-7i-5p (+50%), hsa-miR-1-3p (−66.66%), hsa-miR-1294 (+63.63%), hsa-miR-206 (−85.57%), hsa-miR-375-3p (−71.43%), and hsa-miR-624-5p (+69.44%). hsa-miR-1-3p and hsa-miR-206 were identified as muscle-specific miRNAs. hsa-mir-375-3p, which negatively regulates osteogenesis, was significantly downregulated. In terms of patient-reported outcomes, BPI-S, BPI-I, FSS, PGI-I, WOMAC, and FIQ showed a reduction by −58.62%, −68.29%, −33.33%, −75.00%, −63.29%, and −43.02%, respectively. 6-MWT improved by +33.89% and CRT by −44.46%. Mean hand grip strength of the right/left hand measured by HD improved by +12.50% and + 23.53%, respectively. miRNA profile changes during the therapy with asfotase alfa, accompanying improvements in functionality tests and quality of life scores.
Contemporary epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma: understanding risk factors and surveillance strategies
Authors: Jaber Fouad , Cholankeril George , El-Serag Hashem B 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe contemporary epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) shows a shift in the main etiological risk factors from less common but highly virulent (eg, hepatitis C and B) to more common but weak risk factors (eg, alcohol and metabolic syndrome). Therefore, we are in a seemingly paradoxical state of declining overall incidence rates of HCC-related to improved prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis but burgeoning number of people at an elevated risk of HCC. Several geographic regions have reported an increase in HCC attributable to alcoholic liver disease and metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The importance of risk stratification is increasing to allow for targeted prevention and early detection of HCC. Most risk factors predispose HCC through the formation of cirrhosis, which has served as the main risk stratifying factor. However, this scheme is showing cracks at both ends of the spectrum. On one hand, the risk of developing HCC varies widely among patients with contemporary advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis, and on the other hand up to one-third of MASLD-related HCC occurs among patients with no clear evidence of cirrhosis. The use of multidimensional (eg, clinical, epidemiological, and biochemical) predictive algorithms may improve risk stratification efforts. The shift in HCC risk factors also further heightened the importance and limitations of current surveillance practices (eg, reduced performance of ultrasound in MASLD). Therefore, exploring advanced imaging methods, new biomarkers but also existing combinations of biomarkers augmented by clinical factors for HCC early detection is crucial.
Oven-drying and decontamination effects on crude protein concentration and in vitro crude protein digestibility of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Gómez-Oquendo Giovanna , Loza Puerta Andrés , Gonzales Gutierrez Cesar , Gómez-Bravo Carlos A , Salazar-Cubillas Khaterine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The study aims to assess the impact of oven-drying and decontamination on crude protein concentration and in vitro crude protein digestibility of yellow mealworms. Two kilograms of 12-wk-old mealworm larvae were subjected to freezing prior to the drying process. Approximately 1.5 kg of mealworm larvae were divided into 3 groups and exposed to oven-drying at temperatures of 50 °C for 36 h, 60 °C, and 70 °C for 24 h each. At intervals of 2 h, sets of 3 replicates were withdrawn to record water loss. Consistent weight stabilization was observed at 36 h for 50 °C (T50), 18 h for 60 °C (T60), and 14 h for 70 °C (T70). The remaining 0.5 kg of mealworm larvae was divided and dried under treatments T50, T60, and T70. Each treatment was then split into 2 portions, with one portion subjected to 90 °C for 15 min (denoted as T50-90, T60-90, T70-90) to eliminate microbial contamination. The 6 treatments were then used to determine concentrations of dry matter, crude ash, crude protein, pre-caecal protein digestibility, and dry matter residues after neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and acid detergent lignin treatments. No interaction was observed between drying and decontamination treatments (P &gt; 0.17). Pre-caecal crude protein digestibility increased with decreasing temperature (T50: 58% crude protein; T60: 51% crude protein; T70: 50% crude protein). Therefore, lower temperatures for longer times preserve crude protein digestibility. These findings are crucial for understanding how drying temperature and time impact protein bioavailability.
Non-tariff barriers to trade
Authors: Leonardi Marco , Meschi Elena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Prior to the recent resurgence prompted by the US–China trade war, tariffs on international trade had been consistently diminishing over the past few decades. In response, advanced countries increasingly turned to non-tariff measures (NTMs) to protect their industries from foreign competition. In this article, we exploit a novel database on NTMs to investigate their impact on the labor market in the United States. We use the political importance of an industry, measured by its employment share in swing states during presidential elections, as an instrumental variable for NTM protection. Our results suggest that NTMs mitigate the adverse employment effects resulting from exposure to Chinese import competition, but exert a negative influence on manufacturing wages, particularly for skilled workers.
Leveraging Selective State Capacity: Understanding Changing Responses to Migration and Refugees
Authors: Norman Kelsey P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
State capacity is seen as one of the central elements determining whether countries have “strong” or “weak” systems of immigration and asylum. An underlying assumption of the global refugee regime is that countries of the Global South—thought to have less state capacity—do not have the ability to respond and host asylum seekers and refugees and must be financially supported by countries of the Global North in order to do so. But how can we understand “strong” migration responses from an otherwise “weak” state, as well as responses that change over time without corresponding alterations to underlying state capacity? This paper analyzes the case of Egypt, which, over the course of a decade, alternated between three types of migration policies requiring a range of state resources. Drawing on more than 70 in-person interviews and an analysis of public documents, this paper presents a theory of selective state capacity and argues that infrastructural weakness does not imply a lack of strategic decision-making in the field of migration, or an unwillingness to expend state resources, when the political incentives are in place.
Computational analysis of Carreau fluid flow in presence with buoyancy force, viscous dissipation, and chemical reaction
Authors: Ullah Hameed , Awan Farah Jabeen , Maqbool Khadija , Lu Dianchen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study presents the computational analysis of heat and mass transfer of an in-compressible electrically conducting non-Newtonian Carreau fluid flow in the presence of buoyancy forces, viscous dissipation, chemical reaction, and heat source/sink. Mathematical modeling is made subject to an inclined disk, which is linearly stretching and also momentum, thermal, and concentration boundary layer are used to simplify laws of fluid mechanics. A similarity transformation is implied to convert the governing system of PDE's into system of ordinary differential equations and numerical solution is obtained by the Software Matlab. The impact of pertinent parameters involved in the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are shown through graphs and the results for Sherwood number, skin friction, and Nusselt number are demonstrated through the tables.
Employing user-centered design to develop a remote technology kit for studying young children’s social communication skills
Authors: Petruccelli Marisa , Howard Mya , Morelos Andres , Wainer Allison , Broder-Fingert Sarabeth , Ingersoll Brooke , Stone Wendy L , Carter Alice S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
The COVID-19 pandemic required behavioral researchers to rapidly pivot to the implementation of remote study protocols to facilitate data collection. Remote implementation required robust and flexible research protocols including reliable audio/visual technology that met all the quality, security, and privacy hallmarks of lab-based equipment, while also being portable and usable by nontechnical staff and participants. The project’s primary purpose was to develop a technology kit that could be deployed for data collection in homes with young children. The secondary objective was to determine the feasibility of the kit for use longitudinally across four disparate sites.

Method
User-centered design principles were employed in the development and implementation of a technology kit deployed across urban, suburban, and rural participant locations in four states. Preliminary feasibility and usability data were gathered to determine the reliability of the kit across three timepoints.

Results
In study 1, a technology kit was constructed addressing all project needs including the provision of the internet to connect remotely with participants. Staff training protocols and participant-facing materials were developed to accompany deployment procedures. In study 2, data gathered in technology logs demonstrated successful capturing of video footage in 96% of opportunities with most technology challenges mitigated. Subsequent behavioral coding indicated 100% of captured assessment footage has been successfully coded to date. Moreover, participants needed less support for technology setup at their later timepoints, and staff rated the kit as highly usable.

Conclusion
This study offers a model for future development of technology use in remote community- and home-based pediatric research.