bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with advanced melanoma treated with nivolumab plus relatimab.
Authors: Thakker Sach , Belzberg Micah , Stahl Chelsea , Jang Sekwon , Al-Mondhiry Jafar 
Published: July 2024

e21501 Background: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor inhibitors significantly increase survival rates for advanced melanoma, yet first-line PD-1 inhibitor therapy shows limited overall response rates (32.6%) and progression-free survival (4.6 months). Relatimab (RELA) was recently approved for the treatment of metastatic and unresectable stage III to IV melanoma in combination with nivolumab (NIVO). RELATIVITY-047 showed an ORR of 43% as a first-line treatment while RELATIVITY 020 showed an ORR of 9-12% in patients progressed on anti-PD-1 therapy. Although clinical trials have demonstrated NIVO-RELA provides benefit for patients with advanced melanoma, little is known about real-world treatment patterns and outcomes. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all patients with stage III and IV melanoma treated with NIVO-RELA as first-(1L) or second-line or beyond (2L+) therapy at Inova Schar Cancer Institute between September 2021 to September 2023. Primary endpoints were overall response rate (ORR), complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progression of disease (PD) which were evaluated using the RECIST v1.1 criteria. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to generate overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) median values. Results: Eighty-eight patients were followed for an average of 6.5 months following NIVO-RELA initiation. For 1L treated patients, ORR was 58% (21% PR, 37% CR). Median PFS was 11 months (95% CI 3.1-11). For 2L+ treated patients, ORR was 33% (14% PR, 19% CR). Median PFS was 9.8 months (95% CI 4.7-17.2). Subgroup analyses observed significantly different ORR between patients previously treated with versus without anti-CTLA4 therapy (29% v 44%; p = 0.017), patients treated with NIVO-RELA more than vs within 6 months from their last other therapy (50% v 27%; p = 0.004), and among patients with stage III vs stage IV disease (67% v 30%; p = 0.031) (Table 1). Conclusions: These real-world results support the use of NIVO + RELA in patients with advanced melanoma and emphasize the impressive efficacy of the drug combination in the IL and 2L+ settings compared to RELATIVITY-020 and 047. PFS and OS for 1L and 2L+ therapy with NIVO + RELA in this study aligned with or superposed results from previous trials. Further analyses with increased sample sizes and longer follow-up is warranted. [Table: see text]
The CROWN study: Cardiac outcomes with near-complete estrogen deprivation.
Authors: Bansal Rani , Douglas Emily H. , Ansley Katherine C. , Park Carolyn J. , Richardson Karl M. , Dent Susan Faye , Anders Carey K. , Westbrook Kelly E. , Hackney Mary Helen Helen , Vachhani Hetal Ravikumar , Barrows Elizabeth , Hatcher Sarah , D'Agostino Ralph , Jordan Jennifer , Thomas Alexandra 
Published: July 2024

TPS12146 Background: Treatment for premenopausal women with high/intermediate risk hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer (BC) includes the concurrent use of ovarian function suppression (OFS) and an aromatase inhibitor (AI) to induce near-complete estrogen deprivation (NCED). The long-term cardiovascular (CV) sequela for women treated with NCED is unknown. Premature menopause in non-cancer populations is associated with CV morbidity. Given the overall CV injury associated with BC treatment and the future life-years of these women, the CV impact of NCED warrants further study. The CROWN study uses sophisticated imaging assessments of cardiac dysfunction and biomarker and demographic correlates to understand the evolution of CV injury with the goal of developing tools to assess and mitigate CV risk. Methods: This is an NIH funded prospective cohort study conducted at 3 regional NCI-supported Cancer Centers (Duke University, Wake Forest University and Virginia Commonwealth University) that includes premenopausal women, age ≤ 55, with Stage I-III BC following completion of planned chemotherapy, surgery and radiation with an ECOG 0-2. HR-positive BC patients are receiving an AI and OFS. Women with HR-negative BC are included as comparators. CV imaging and biomarkers will be obtained at baseline, 1 year and 2 years (Table). These assessments include serial cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) imaging as well as laboratory measurements, including exploratory biomarkers. The primary objective is to determine the 24-month difference in stress myocardial blood flow as measured by adenosine CMR imaging in both groups. Correlation of CMR imaging with CCTA detail of coronary plaque changes is planned. The relevance of pre-existing risk factors on study outcomes, including an emphasis on race and dynamic change in modifiable and treatment related risk factors will also be assessed. We plan to enroll 90 women,65 in the NCED group and 25 in the HR-negative group, allowing for a 10% drop out rate. The first primary statistical analyses will include testing hypotheses between group (NCED vs HR-negative) and within group (longitudinal changes within the NCED group). Secondary analyses involve developing predictive equations to determine if patient demographics, clinical parameters and serum biomarkers are associated with CV changes over time. We have currently enrolled 34 women (31 NCED and 3 HR-negative). 2 out of 3 patients entering the 2nd year of the study have returned for their year 1 imaging. Retention will be a key component of this study as analysis of the primary and secondary endpoints are dependent on completion of imaging. Clinical trial information: NCT05309655 . [Table: see text]
Urolithiasis Causes Osteoporosis in Asians: Genetic Evidence from Mendelian Randomization and Pathway Analysis
Authors: Zhou Zijie , Xu Haoying , Fu Jiehui , Wei Penghui , Mei Jian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
It is an indisputable fact that patients with urolithiasis are prone to osteoporosis (OP), but the specific mechanism of their association is unclear. Previous studies have focused on the mediation of environmental factors such as diet; however, the potential of urolithiasis itself to induce OP remains uncertain.

Methods
In this study, we used data from the Japan BioBank (6638 urolithiasis and 7788 OP cases) to investigate the direct causal relationship and mechanism between urolithiasis and OP, applying Mendelian randomization, genetic correlation analysis, colocalization, and pathway analysis. We selected 10 genetic variants as instrumental variables for urolithiasis.

Results
The results showed a positive association between genetically predicted urolithiasis and OP, with significant direct effects persisting after adjusting for OP-associated factors in 4 models. Reverse analysis revealed no significant causal effect of genetically predicted OP on urolithiasis. While genetic correlation analysis and colocalization did not find conclusive evidence, mediation analysis identified estimated glomerular rate as a significant contributor. Co-risk factor analysis unveiled cardiovascular elements as common risks for both conditions. Bioanalysis implicates that cytokine, metabolic, and calcium signaling pathways may bridge urolithiasis and OP, with BCAS3, DGKH, TBX2, and TBX2-AS1 identified as potential causal genes.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the study establishes a direct causal link between urolithiasis and OP, independent of environmental factors. Regardless of lifestyle, urolithiasis patients should remain vigilant about the risk of OP and consider regular OP screening. The biological mechanism of urolithiasis combined with OP and related drugs still needs to be further explored.
Semaglutide Concurrently Improves Vascular and Liver Indices in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Korakas Emmanouil , Kountouri Aikaterini , Pavlidis George , Oikonomou Evangelos , Vrentzos Emmanouil , Michalopoulou Eleni , Tsigkou Vasiliki , Katogiannis Konstantinos , Pliouta Loukia , Balampanis Konstantinos , Pililis Sotirios , Malandris Konstantinos , Tsapas Apostolos , Siasos Gerasimos , Ikonomidis Ignatios , Lambadiari Vaia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Context
The cardiovascular benefits of semaglutide are established; however, its effects on surrogate vascular markers and liver function are not known.

Objective
To investigate the effects of semaglutide on vascular, endothelial, and liver function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods
Overall, 75 consecutive subjects with T2DM and NAFLD were enrolled: 50 patients received semaglutide 1 mg (treatment group) and 25 patients received dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (control group). All patients underwent a clinical, vascular, and hepatic examination with Fibroscan elastography at 4 and 12 months after inclusion in the study.

Results
Treatment with semaglutide resulted in a reduction of Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) score, E fibrosis score, NAFLD fibrosis score, Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score and perfused boundary region (PBR) at 4 and at 12 months (P &lt; .05), contrary to controls. Patients treated with semaglutide showed a greater decrease of central systolic blood pressure (SBP) (−6% vs −4%, P = .048 and −11% vs −9%, P = .039), augmentation index (AIx) (−59% vs −52%, P = .041 and −70% vs −57%, P = .022), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) (−6% vs −3.5%, P = .019 and −12% vs −10%, P = .036) at 4 and at 12 months, respectively. In all patients, ΔPWV and ΔPBR were correlated with a corresponding reduction of CAP, E fibrosis, NAFLD fibrosis, and FIB-4 scores.

Conclusion
Twelve-month treatment with semaglutide simultaneously improves arterial stiffness, endothelial function, and liver steatosis and fibrosis in patients with T2DM and NAFLD.
Geographic Variation in Osteoporosis Treatment in Postmenopausal Women: A 15-Year Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Jones Alicia R , Enticott Joanne E , Ebeling Peter R , Mishra Gita D , Teede Helena J , Vincent Amanda J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Context
Osteoporosis affects more than half of older women, but many are not treated. Whether treatment differs between rural and urban areas is unknown.

Objective
To examine differences in osteoporosis treatment among postmenopausal women living in urban and rural areas of Australia.

Methods
Women participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, a prospective longitudinal cohort study, born between 1946-1951, and with osteoporosis or fractures, were included. Surveys from 2004 to 2019 were linked to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (government-subsidized medications) to assess osteoporosis treatment and adherence, comparing geographical areas.

Results
Of the 4259 women included (mean age, 55.6 years), 1703 lived in major cities, 1629 inner regional, 794 outer regional, and 133 remote areas. Over the 15-year follow-up, 1401 (32.9%) women received treatment, including 47.4% of women with osteoporosis and 29.9% with fractures. Women in outer regional and remote areas were less likely to use antiosteoporosis treatment than those in major cities on univariable analysis (outer regional odds ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72-0.95; remote, 0.65; 0.49-0.86), but this did not remain significant on multivariable analysis. Median duration of use was 10 to 36 months, adherence varied by treatment type (34%-100%) but was not related to incident fractures, and of the women who stopped denosumab, 85% did not receive another consolidating treatment.

Conclusion(s)
One-third of women with osteoporosis/fractures received treatment, and adherence was low. There was no difference in treatment use between urban and rural areas after adjusting for risk factors, although the specific treatment used, and adherence, differed.
Development of a hepatic cryoinjury model to study liver regeneration
Authors: Sande-Melon Marcos , Bergemann David , Fernández-Lajarín Miriam , González-Rosa Juan Manuel , Cox Andrew G. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The liver is a remarkable organ that can regenerate in response to injury. Depending on the extent of injury, the liver can undergo compensatory hyperplasia or fibrosis. Despite decades of research, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are poorly understood. Here, we developed a new model to study liver regeneration based on cryoinjury. To visualise liver regeneration at cellular resolution, we adapted the CUBIC tissue-clearing approach. Hepatic cryoinjury induced a localised necrotic and apoptotic lesion characterised by inflammation and infiltration of innate immune cells. After this initial phase, we observed fibrosis, which resolved as regeneration re-established homeostasis in 30 days. Importantly, this approach enables the comparison of healthy and injured parenchyma within an individual animal, providing unique advantages to previous models. In summary, the hepatic cryoinjury model provides a fast and reproducible method for studying the cellular and molecular pathways underpinning fibrosis and liver regeneration.
Model of the impact of intangible resources on the competitiveness of listed companies from the WIGtech index in Poland
Authors: Perło Dorota , Arszułowicz Norbert 
Published: July 2024

Motivation: The complexity of the phenomenon of competitiveness among contemporary enterprises implies the legitimacy of searching for sources of competitive advantages beyond traditional success factors. The concepts of enterprise competitiveness have evolved from classical economics to the present day and theories with a practical purpose such as: the theory of five forces by M.E. Porter and the theory of key competences by G. Hamel and C.K. Prahalad. Nowadays research on the phenomenon of the competitiveness of enterprises seeks answers to the following questions: what is the role of intangible resources in being competitive on the market and what types of intangible resources are the most important from the point of view of the research?Aim: The aim of the article is to examine the strength and direction of the impact of intangible resources on the competitiveness of listed companies. The article presents a theoretical model of the impact of intangible resources on the competitiveness of listed companies. The case study used for the empirical verification of the constructed model will be joint-stock companies from the Warsaw Stock Exchange selected according to the criteria defined in the article. Statistical data of the tested objects from 2021 will be implemented in the model in order to analyze its stability.Results: To achieve the aim of the article, the PLS-SEM method of modeling structural equations was used, which allows for the study of relationships between directly unobservable variables. The model consists of two parts: a structural (internal) model and a measurement (external) model. These models are also used in the parameter estimation process — they are interrelated. Two unobservable (hidden) variables were adopted in the constructed model: intangible resources (IR) and competitiveness of companies (CC). Hidden variables were defined based on a potential set of indicators (observable variables). The specification of the PLS-SEM model will make it possible to determine the strength and direction of the impact of intangible resources on the competitiveness of listed companies, based on the theory of key competences. Identification of the most important variables among intangible resources shaping the competitiveness of enterprises will contribute to the determination of theoretical conclusions and practical recommendations for listed companies in Poland.
Enhancing Awareness and Management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Among Medical Professionals and Athletes
Authors: Makuch Rafał , Chrościcka Alicja , Gała Kamil , Czajka Andrzej , Lenard Paweł , Kucharski Adam , Michalska Sara , Pilarski Konrad , Dewicka Martyna , Wawrzyniak Alicja Maria 
Published: July 2024

Introduction and objective: The objective of this research is to enhance the awareness of carpal tunnel among medical professionals and individuals engaged in sports. The acquired knowledge will enable medical professionals to more effectively identify, treat, and prevent issues related to carpal tunnel. Additionally, individuals engaged in sports will be able to prevent the occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome in themselves or their pupils, thereby allowing them to engage in long-term and safe physical activity.
Review methods: Review and summary of research studies available in open-source format on Google Scholar, PubMed.
Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a disease belonging to the group of compression neuropathies. The symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome typically manifest as an uncomfortable sensation in the thumb, index finger, and half of the ring finger. Such symptoms may include numbness and tingling. In some cases, weakness of the hand muscles may occur, and in rarer instances, atrophy of the hand muscles. The condition of carpal tunnel syndrome is primarily the result of repetitive movements of the fingers and wrist. Such activities include typing, using a mouse, riding a bicycle, or playing a musical instrument.
Summary: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a prevalent condition among the general population. This condition may affect individuals who engage in regular physical activity, resulting in diminished efficiency and a notable reduction in the quality of life. The objective of this study is to examine the risk factors, symptoms, and diagnostic methods associated with carpal tunnel syndrome. In the context of sports, we will examine the mechanisms of disease development in athletes and focus on prevention. This encompasses the rehabilitation of individuals at risk of developing the disease and patient education, which will facilitate the minimisation of the appearance or recurrence of disease symptoms.
New records of grison (Galictis vittata) in Campeche, México
Authors: Contreras-Moreno Fernando M. , Jesús-Espinosa Daniel , Cruz-Romo Lizardo , Méndez-Saint Martin Gabriela , Tamay Yah Luis A. , Sánchez-Pinzón Khiavett G. , Delgado-Martínez Carlos M. , Mendoza Eduardo , Draeby Klaus , Uc-Monrrero Evelio 
Published: July 2024

El grisón es un mamífero carnívoro perteneciente a la familia Mustelidae, que en México está clasificado como amenazado, existen pocos registros e información sobre diferentes aspectos de su ecología, el objetivo de esta nota es reportar nuevos registros de grisón en el estado de Campeche. De enero de 2017 a junio de 2022 se instalaron 30 estaciones de fototrampeo en cuerpos de agua naturales y artificiales dentro de la Reserva de la Biosfera Calakmul para identificar fauna silvestre que los utiliza. Adicionalmente, se obtuvieron registros de individuos atropellados derivado de recorridos realizados en carreteras de Campeche. Se buscaron registros en bases de datos internacionales, en libros y artículos publicados. Con un esfuerzo de muestreo de 15,000 noches/cámara, se obtuvieron 2 registros independientes de grisón por fototrampeo en la Reserva de la Biosfera Calakmul, y 6 registros de animales atropellados en carreteras del estado de Campeche. Los registros en esta nota indican la presencia del grisón en diversos lugares de Campeche con hábitats variables. La falta de información previa sobre la especie puede deberse a diversas razones, los métodos de muestreo son dirigidos a animales grandes, los mayores esfuerzos de muestreo se realizan en áreas naturales protegidas en hábitats con mayor grado de conservación. Encontramos que la mayoría de los registros se dieron en sitios perturbados con vegetación secundaria. El que varios registros hayan sido animales atropellados, sugiere que esta especie es susceptible de los efectos de las carreteras en el estado de Campeche.
First detailed record of food items in the diet of the dwarf coati (Nasua nelsoni) of Cozumel Island, México
Authors: Rodríguez-Luna César R. , Valenzuela-Galván David , Cuarón Alfredo D. 
Published: July 2024

Introducción: El coatí enano (Nasua nelsoni) es un mamífero endémico de Isla Cozumel, Quintana Roo, México. A pesar de que el coatí enano es una especie seriamente amenazada con la extinción, aún existen serios vacíos de conocimiento sobre su biología y ecología. Se desconocen aspectos relevantes de su ecología trófica y no existe información específica sobre sus hábitos alimentarios. Por ello, nuestro objetivo fue reportar, por primera vez, detalles sobre los alimentos que conforman parte de la dieta del coatí enano. Métodos: Entre septiembre de 2013 y diciembre de 2014, registramos avistamientos de grupos e individuos solitarios de coatí enano. Algunos de estos avistamientos nos permitieron registrar directamente el consumo de alimentos, principalmente frutas, que luego fueron identificados mediante la recolección de muestras del material consumido y de la planta madre. Resultados: Registramos 25 avistamientos de individuos de coatí enano mientras consumían alimentos. En 88 % (n = 22) de esos avistamientos, registramos el consumo de frutos de 8 especies, representadas por 8 familias de plantas silvestres. Adicionalmente, obtuvimos registros del coatí enano mientras consumía huevos de tortuga marina (n = 1) y desechos orgánicos de origen antrópico (n = 2). Discusión: La evidencia del consumo de frutas aunado al consumo de alimentos de diferente origen apoya la idea de que el coatí enano tiene una dieta omnívora basada principalmente en el consumo de frutas, lo que coincide con información reportada para otras especies del género, como el coatí de nariz blanca (N. narica) y el coatí sudamericano (N. nasua).
Distribution extension of a rare species, Eumops auripendulus in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina
Authors: Montani María Eugenia , Saigo Germán , Villa Irene M. 
Published: July 2024

Se registra la presencia de Eumops auripendulus (Chiroptera, Molossidae) en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. Hasta ahora, esta especie era conocida en la provincia de Santa Fe a partir de un solo registro en la localidad de Esperanza en 1978. Se obtuvo un nuevo ejemplar en la localidad de Florencia, ubicada a unos 400 km al NE de Esperanza, cerca del límite con la provincia del Chaco. Este nuevo registro corresponde a un animal encontrado muerto y enviado al Laboratorio Central de la Dirección General de Bioquímica y Farmacia de Santa Fe en 2019 como parte del protocolo de vigilancia del virus de la rabia. La especie fue identificada con base en sus variables morfométricas y por su aspecto general. Por otro lado, la ubicación geográfica del registro fue trazada en un mapa junto al resto de los registros de la especie en el país; también se consideró el contexto ecorregional. Este nuevo registro confirma la presencia actual de la especie en la provincia y ayuda a esclarecer su rango de distribución geográfica así como sus preferencias ecológicas, considerando que ambas localidades se encuentran en diferentes ecorregiones: Espinal (Esperanza) y Chaco Húmedo (Florencia). Es importante mencionar que E. auripendulus ha sido poco estudiada en Argentina, siendo conocida a partir de 10 registros en 3 provincias: Chaco, Misiones y Santa Fe