bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The context of alcohol consumption among adolescents and their families
Authors: da Mata Ribeiro Gomes Betânia , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira , Silva Marta Angélica Iossi , de Campos Edemilson Antunes , Pillon Sandra Cristina 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Aims: Alcohol consumption in adolescence has been an important topic in the study of public health policies. This study aimed to analyze and interpret the influence of the family in teenage alcohol consumption.
Materials and methods: A qualitative research was undertaken, using interviews, observation, genogram and eco-map, in order to investigate 22 participants at a Family Health Unit in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The family structure, composition, interaction, communication, and religion of the participants were considered.
Results: The results were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis and indicated three themes, namely, the internality of the family: fragility and conflicts; among us: limits, responsibilities and hope; and the decision to drink: fun permeated by risks.
Conclusion: The family and sociocultural context of adolescents can positively and negatively influence the use and abuse of alcohol and, therefore, can be a target of intervention in nursing.
Factors associated with physical inactivity among female and male rural adolescents in Borneo – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cheah Whye Lian , Helmy Hazmi , Chang Ching Thon 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Rural communities have shown marked increase in metabolic syndrome among young people, with physical inactivity as one of the main contributing factors. This study aimed to determine factors associated with physical inactivity among male and female rural adolescents in a sample of schools in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 145 students aged 13–15 years. Data on socio-demographic, health-related, and psychosocial factors (perceived barriers, self-efficacy, social influences) were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measurement was taken to generate body mass index (BMI)-for-age, while physical activity (PA) level was assessed using pedometers. The mean steps per day was 6251.37 (SD=3085.31) with males reported as being more active. About 27% of the respondents were either overweight or obese, with more females in this group. There was no significant difference in steps among males and females (p=0.212), and nutritional status (BMI-for-age) (p=0.439). Females consistently scored higher in most items under perceived barriers, but had significantly lower scores in self-efficacy’s items. Males were more influenced by peers in terms of PA (p<0.001) and were more satisfied with their body parts (p=0.047). A significantly higher body size discrepancy score was found among females (p=0.034, CI –0.639, –0.026). PA level was low and almost one-third of the respondents were overweight and obese. Female students faced more barriers and had lower self-efficacy with regards PA. Based on the findings, it is recommended that interventions focus on reducing barriers while increasing support for PA. This is particularly important in improving the health status of the youth, especially among the females.
Perspectives of clinical medical directors in child and adolescent psychiatry: diagnostic and treatment needs of migrant families
Authors: Kirkcaldy Bruce David , Siefen Rainer Georg 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Germany is one of many nations characterized by an increasing number of children originating from families with a migration background. Medical treatment modalities will be required to adjust for diversity of social and cultural background. Initiated by the Federal Society of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (BKJPP), representing mainly those psychiatrists working in private practice, and by the Federal Working Commission of Medical Directors employed in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics (BAG), a questionnaire was constructed to identify mental health professionals’ (psychiatrists’) evaluation of the needs and quality of diagnosis and treatment for migrant families. The current study focused on medical directors and deputy chief physicians in clinics for child and adolescent psychiatry. Preliminary results of this survey – implementing descriptive statistics as well as univariate and multivariate statistical analyses – permitted an assessment of the current state of identification and treatment of migrant offspring attending child and adolescent psychiatric practices in Germany. Recommendations and concrete steps are offered, which aim to promote “cultural opening”, and assist in health and social policy makers’ decisions for improved mental health care.
Non-medical prescription drug and illicit street drug use among young Swiss men and associated mental health issues
Authors: Baggio Stéphanie , Studer Joseph , Mohler-Kuo Meichun , Daeppen Jean-Bernard , Gmel Gerhard 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) is increasing among the general population, particularly among teenagers and young adults. Although prescription drugs are considered safer than illicit street drugs, NMUPD can lead to detrimental consequences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between drug use (NMUPD on the one side, illicit street drugs on the other side) with mental health issues and then compare these associations. A representative sample of 5719 young Swiss men aged around 20 years filled in a questionnaire as part of the ongoing baseline Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF). Drug use (16 illicit street drugs and 5 NMUPDs, including sleeping pills, sedatives, pain killers, antidepressants, stimulants) and mental health issues (depression, SF12) were assessed. Simple and multiple linear regressions were employed. In simple regressions, all illicit and prescription drugs were associated with poorer mental health. In multiple regressions, most of the NMUPDs, except for stimulants, were significantly associated with poorer mental health and with depression. On the contrary, the only associations that remained significant between illicit street drugs and mental health involved cannabis. NMUPD is of growing concern not only because of its increasing occurrence, but also because of its association with depression and mental health problems, which is stronger than the association observed between these problems and illicit street drug use, excepted for cannabis. Therefore, NMUPD must be considered in screening for substance use prevention purposes.
Polycystic ovary syndrome in Iranian adolescents
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Seddigheh , Delavar Mouloud Agajani , Amiri Mania , Khafri Soraya , Pasha Nargess Gholizadeh 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is linked with metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and endocrine function in patients with PCOS. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of adolescent PCOS and characteristics associated with PCOS in adolescents in Babol, Iran.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1549 girl high school students aged 16–20 years who were living in Iran. After overnight fasting, blood samples were collected to determine hormones and lipid levels in PCOS patients between the first and fifth days of their menstrual period or withdrawal bleeding.
Results: The overall prevalence of adolescent PCOS was 129 (8.3%) (95% CI; 4.0, 12.0). Irregular menstruation was observed in 24.1% of adolescents. A total of 68% of PCOS adolescents had insulin resistance. Compared with non-PCOS adolescents, the OR of adolescent PCOS for family history of hirsutism was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.06–2.20; p=0.024), family history of irregular menstrual cycle was 2.27 (95% CI, 1.56–3.30; p<0.001), menarche age <13 years was 1.95 (95% CI, 1.36–2.81; p<0.001), hirsutism was 1.14 (CI 95%, 1.10–1.17; p<0.001), acne was 5.10 (CI 95%, 3.52–7.40; p<0.001), and wrist circumference was 1.28 (CI 95%, 1.07–1.54; p=0.007).
Conclusion: The presenting findings showed the high prevalence of PCOS among Iranian adolescents. Emphasis should be placed on clinical screening in adolescents with high-risk factors, including irregular menstrual, menarche <13 years, hirsutism, acne, high wrist circumference, and paternal obesity to help reduce the risk of developing metabolic disturbance and to find ways to improve long-term health.
FEM-based Numerical Simulation of Water Flow Through a Road Shoulder Structure
Authors: Norambuena-Contreras J. , Arbat G. , García Nieto P.J. , Castro-Fresno D. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Water infiltration and its effects on road structures is a topic of great interest in civil engineering. Water is one of the primary factors which affects the mechanical function of roads. Road structures are more often found in unsaturated conditions as opposed to saturated ones. Under unsaturated conditions water flow is primarily by capillarity, while under saturation gravity is the primary force causing water movement. Moreover, under unsaturated conditions the equations describing water flow into soils are highly nonlinear, showing a higher difficulty in its numerical solution. At present there is a limited volume of literature on the hydraulic properties and numerical simulation of water flow in road structures under unsaturated conditions. This paper presents experimental data and nonlinear numerical simulations using the finite element method (FEM) to analyze the water infiltration through a road should structure in unsaturated conditions. Results show that the shoulder section evaluated in this study does not represent a zone of high water infiltration due to the low infiltration capacity of the materials evaluated, and that hydraulic properties measured in the laboratory can be successfully used in numerical codes for assessing water flow through road structures in future analysis. This work indicates that continuous rainfall events, even of low intensity, can cause more infiltration than a single rainfall event of high intensity.
Gradient elasticity applied to a crack
Authors: Konstantopoulos Iason , Aifantis Elias 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to investigate the stress and the displacement field of a crack within a robust version of gradient elasticity, focusing at the standard Mode I, II, III problems. Special treatment is attributed to the crack configuration near its tip, deriving the gradient elasticity results that are analogous to the classical asymptotical solutions near the crack tip.
Introducing time delay in the evolution of new technology: the case study of nanotechnology
Authors: Georgalis Evangelos E. , Aifantis Elias C. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractStarting with Feynman’s “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom” prophetic lecture at Caltech in the 1960s, the term “nanotechnology” was first coined in the scientific literature in the 1980s. This was followed by the unprecedented growth in the corresponding scientific field in 2000 due to the financial incentive provided by President Clinton in the US, followed up by similar efforts in Europe, Japan, China and Russia. Today, nanotechnology has become a driving force for economic development, with applications in all fields of engineering, information technology, transport and energy, as well as biology and medicine. Thus, it is important to forecast its future growth and evolution on the basis of two different criteria: (1) the government and private capital invested in related activities, and (2) the number of scientific publications and popular articles dedicated to this field. This article aims to extract forecasts on the evolution of nanotechnology, using the standard logistic equation that result in familiar sigmoid curves, as well as to explore the effect of time delay on its evolution. Time delay is commonly known from previous biological and ecological models, in which time lag is either already known or can be experimentally measured. In contrast, in the case of a new technology, we must first define the method for determining time delay and then interpret its existence and role. Then we describe the implications that time delay may have on the stability of the sigmoidal behavior of nanotechnology evolution and on the related oscillations that may appear.
Derecho Comparado Aplicado a la Traducción: Aspectos Sucesorios (Reino Unido vs. España)
Authors: y del Árbol Esther Váquez 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIn the last few years, Spanish law firms’ workload and foreign business activity in Spain have increased. The number of English-speaking immigrants in the Peninsula has also substantially risen. These events make the English<>Spanish translation of Family Law documents in general, and succession instruments in particular of utmost importance. That is the reason why we researched and compared the Spanish and British testamentary notions and documents, aiming at facilitating the translation task; both direct (English-Spanish) and reverse (Spanish-English), of the text typology originated from this branch of Family Law.
Übersetzen als komplexes Problemlösen
Authors: Herold Susann 
Published: January 2014

AbstractProfessional translation is an excellent example of complex problem-solving processes. Current teaching theory in tertiary education in general and translation teaching in particular has established a systematic competence approach that allows teachers and trainers to apply new methodologies and strategies in translator training. The effectiveness of a competence-based approach has been shown in a number of graduate development statistics. But how can competence-oriented teaching approaches be developed and tested for the real classroom setting as embedded in a specific teaching context (consisting of educational system and institutions, university programme, exam regulations, curriculum and course system, target group and personalities, etc.)?This paper presents the results of an experiment testing such an adapted sub-competence-oriented teaching approach in the BA Translation programme at IALT (University of Leipzig). It compares two groups of students in an introductory course on LSP translation; one group is taught according to an established methodology and one group is taught using a sub-competence-oriented methodology. The paper presents observations on teaching methods, student motivation and activity, and analyses their test results at the end of the semester. The competence-oriented group showed slightly better results, validating the teaching method in principle. However, the experiment has certain limitations and the results will have to be re-obtained to clarify these. The experiment can be used as a basis for developing further methods for testing the applicability of the competence approach and for exploring different approaches for different educational settings.
Das Übersetzen von Hörspielen: Cécile Wajsbrots Beaune-la-Rolande auf Deutsch
Authors: Mälzer Nathalie 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis essay compares Cécile Wajsbrot’s radio drama Beaune-la-Rolande with the German version by Hans Thill. I investigate the formal differences in length and structure between the two dramas, the different ways in which acoustic space and narrative text interact with each other, and the two works’ distinctive textual features, particularly the status of direct speech and the use of foreign languages. My analysis shows that translation problems can be due to language-pair issues, but can also be specific to the medium or the genre of the work, and that even the slightest shifts in meaning occurring in the translation can affect directing decisions.
Von und nach TBX: Austausch terminologischer Daten (relativ) einfach gemacht
Authors: Reineke Detlef 
Published: January 2014

AbstractOver the last years, TBX (TermBase eXchange) has become the main standard for terminology data exchange. However, the complexity of the standard has led to different implementation of TBX interfaces in professional terminology management tools that makes it difficult or impossible to exchange data even between different versions of the same tool without additional workarounds. The present article discusses how to easily migrate terminological data even in a worst-case scenario, namely from spreadsheet to TBX and back to spreadsheet, without any loss of information.
Can SMS Technology Improve Low Take-up of Social Benefits?
Authors: Blanco Mariana , Vargas Juan F. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractLow take-up of stigma-free social benefits is often blamed on information asymmetries or administrative barriers. There is limited evidence on which of these potential channels is more salient in which contexts. We designed and implemented a randomized controlled trial to assess the extent to which informational barriers are responsible for the prevalent low take-up of government benefits among Colombian conflict-driven internal refugees. We provide timely information on benefits eligibility via SMS to a random half of the displaced household that migrated to Bogotá over a 6-month period. We show that improving information increases benefits’ take-up. However, the effect is small and only true for certain type of benefits. Hence, consistent with previous experimental literature, the availability of timely information explains only part of the low take-up rates and the role of administrative barriers and bureaucratic processes should be tackled to increase the well-being of internal refugees in Colombia.
Retention mechanisms and microstructure of Eu(III) on manganese dioxide studied by batch and high resolution EXAFS technique
Authors: Sheng G. D. , Yang S. T. , Li Y. M. , Gao X. , Huang Y. Y. , Hu J. , Wang X. K. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The batch experiment and high resolution EXAFS technique with bent crystal analyzer were combined to study Eu(III) retention
mechanisms on β-MnO2 as a function of various environmental factors. The results indicated that the sorption of Eu(III)
onto β-MnO2 was obviously dependent on pH but independent of ionic strength, suggesting the formation of inner-sphere
surface complexes. Results of high resolution EXAFS analysis showed that Eu was surrounded by 8 ± 1 O atoms in the first shell at
R
Eu−O ≈ 2.40 Å for all sorption samples. A second shell of Mn atoms at R
Eu−Mn ≈ 3.78 Å was
observed for all sorption samples, which was associated with the formation of a bidendate inner-sphere complex with chemical bonding
via edge sharing to MnO6-octahedron. This study shows the utility of high resolution EXAFS technique with bent crystal
analyzer to discriminate the fluorescence peak of Eu(III) from that of manganese hydroxides, whose fluorescence peaks are too close in
energy to be discriminated by the conventional EXAFS technique with a low resolving solid-state detector. Both the macroscopic
interaction data and the molecular level evidence of Eu(III) surface speciation at the oxide-water interface should be factored into
better evaluation of Eu(III) and related radionuclide mobility in the natural environment.
Solvent extraction of uranium(VI) by a dipicolinamide using a room-temperature ionic liquid
Authors: Sun Man , Yuan Li-Yong , Tan Ni , Zhao Yu-Liang , Chai Zhi-Fang , Shi Wei-Qun 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have recently received increasing attention as solvent alternatives for possible
application in spent fuel reprocessing, particularly in the extraction of metal ions from high-level radioactive aqueous waste, due to
their unique physical and chemical properties. Herein, the solvent extraction of the uranyl ions (UO2
2+) was performed using
N,N′-diethyl-N,N′-di(para)tolyl-dipicolinamide (Et(p)TDPA) as the extractant in a commonly used ionic
liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim][PF6]). The effects of vortexing time, phase ratio and the
concentration dependence of Et(p)TDPA, nitric acid and sodium nitrate on the extraction were studied in detail. The extraction
mechanism was deduced based on the slope analysis and UV-vis measurement. The distribution ratio of U from 3 mol/L nitric
acid by 0.3 mol/L EtTDPA/C4mimPF6 is found to be almost 100. Conventional log-log plot analysis of the extraction
equilibrium data suggests that the ions are extracted as a complex in 2:3 ratio of UO2
2+ to extractant, and the extraction
most likely occurs by a cation-exchange mode since the concentration of C4mim+ in the aqueous phase increases linearly with
the percent extraction of UO2
2+ evidenced by UV-vis measurement. This work promises to provide new efficient media based on
RTILs for separation of uranium from the radioactive aqueous waste.
Radiopharmaceuticals in China: current status and prospects
Authors: Jia Hong-Mei , Liu Bo-Li 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The review provides an overview of the current status of radiopharmaceuticals in China for in vivo clinical use and
also describes some important advances in the past three decades. Development of the diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals
as well as basic research on radiopharmaceutical chemistry are being introduced. The radiotracers developed in China include: (1)
Brain perfusion imaging agents and CNS radiotracers for β-amyloid plaques, σ
1 receptors, and dopamine D2 or
D4 receptors; (2) 99mTc- and 18F-labeled myocardial perfusion imaging agents; (3) tumor imaging
agents including integrin-targeting radiotracer, novel sentinel lymph node imaging agents, hypoxia imaging agents,
99mTc-labeled glucose derivatives, σ
2 receptor imaging agents, folate receptor imaging agents, and
potential radiotracers for imaging of human telomerase reverse transcriptase expression; (4) Potential infection imaging agents; (5)
Potential asialoglycoprotein receptor imaging agents; (6) Other imaging agents. Moreover, some prospects of research and development
of radiopharmaceuticals in the near future are discussed.
Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Survivors of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Holve Taylor J. , Patel Ajay , Chau Quyen , Marks Amy R. , Meadows Alison , Zaroff Jonathan G. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Kawasaki disease (KD) may result in coronary aneurysm formation, but there is incomplete knowledge regarding its long-term effects. Our objective was to quantify the longer-term rates of adverse cardiac events in a modern North American KD cohort.METHODS:Using the Kaiser Permanente Northern California population, we performed a retrospective cohort study in patients with a history of KD versus matched patients without KD. Chart review was used to confirm the diagnosis of KD and all outcomes of interest, including acute coronary syndrome, coronary revascularization, heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, valve disease, aortic aneurysm, and all-cause mortality. All outcomes occurring at age ≥15 years were included in the primary analysis. Outcome rates were compared between the 2 groups by using Cox proportional hazards analysis.RESULTS:The study included 546 KD patients and 2218 matched patients without KD. Seventy-nine percent of the KD patients received intravenous immunoglobulin and 5% had persistent coronary aneurysm. The average follow-up time was 14.9 years. Only 2 KD patients experienced outcomes after age 15 (0.246 events per 1000 person-years) compared with 7 events in the non-KD group (0.217 events per 1000 person-years), a nonsignificant difference (hazard ratio: 0.81; 95% confidence interval: 0.16–4.0). Within the KD subgroup, persistent coronary aneurysm predicted the occurrence of adverse events (P = .007).CONCLUSIONS:This is the largest US study of longer-term cardiac outcomes after KD and reveals a low rate of adverse cardiovascular events through age 21. Additional validation studies, including studies with longer-term follow-up, should be performed.