bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the adjunction of a short video to an original article for the recognition of newly described tumor entities in pathology: An interventional prospective study
Authors: Taillandier Antoine , Avry François , Miquelestorena‐Standley Elodie , Samimi Mahtab , de la Fouchardière Arnaud , Macagno Nicolas , Kervarrec Thibault 
Published: July 2024

AbstractContextMerkel cell carcinoma diagnosis is often based on microscopic examination by pathologists. While histopathologic diagnosis primarily hinges on conscious and analytical cognition, the pathologist's decision‐making process is also influenced by a rapid “gist” or “gestalt” approach. In this study, using cases of Merkel cell carcinoma as a model, we aim to assess how pathologists' viewing short videos containing conceptual clues and visual aids, in conjunction with reading an original article as a reference, may enhance their diagnostic performance.MethodSixteen pathologists were included in the present work. After participants had read the original article, their ability to distinguish Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV)+ and MCPyV− Merkel cell carcinoma cases was evaluated on a first preliminary series of 20 cases. Following this test, the participants watched the video and then evaluated a second “experimental” series of 20 independent cases.ResultsAfter reading the original article, for each case, a median number of 12 participants (75%, Q1–Q3: 10–13) classified the specimen in the correct category (92 incorrect answers in the whole series). An important interobserver variability was observed in this setting (Kappa coefficient = 0.465). By contrast, following the video, all cases were correctly classified by most of the participants, with only 12 incorrect answers on the whole series and excellent interobserver reproducibility (Kappa coefficient = 0.846).ConclusionOur study demonstrated that providing a short video together with an original article may enhance pathologists' performance in diagnosing Merkel cell carcinoma.
UK research priority setting for childhood neurological conditions
Authors: Cadwgan Jill , Goodwin Jane , Babcock Barbara , Brick Molly , Chin Richard , Easton Ava , Green Ben , Hannan Siobhan , Inward Rhys P. D. , Kinsella Suzannah , King Callum , Kurian Manju A. , Levine Philip , Mallick Andrew , Parr Jeremy , Partridge Carol Anne , Amin Sam , Lumsden Dan , Cross J. Helen , Lim Ming J. ,   UK Childhood Neurological Disorders PSP Group
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo identify research priorities regarding the effectiveness of interventions for children and young people (CYP) with childhood neurological conditions (CNCs). These include common conditions such as epilepsies and cerebral palsy, as well as many rare conditions.MethodThe National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) and the James Lind Alliance (JLA) champion and facilitate priority setting partnerships (PSPs) between patients, caregivers, and clinicians (stakeholders) to identify the most important unanswered questions for research (uncertainties). A NIHR–JLA and British Paediatric Neurology Association collaboration used the JLA PSP methodology. This consisted of two surveys to stakeholders: survey 1 (to identify uncertainties) and survey 2 (a prioritization survey). The final top 10 priorities were agreed by consensus in a stakeholder workshop.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐two charities and partner organizations were invited to participate. In survey 1, 701 participants (70% non‐clinicians, including CYP and parent and caregivers) submitted 1800 uncertainties from which 44 uncertainties were identified for prioritization in survey 2; from these, 1451 participants (83% non‐clinicians) selected their top 10 priorities. An unweighted amalgamated score across participant roles was used to select 26. In the final workshop, 14 health care professionals, 11 parent and caregivers, and two CYP ranked the 26 questions to finalize the top 10 priorities. Ten top priority questions were identified regarding interventions to treat CYP with CNCs and their associated comorbidities, for example, sleep, emotional well‐being, and distressing symptoms.InterpretationThe results of this study will inform research into the effectiveness of interventions for children with neurological conditions.
Visceral fat mass dynamics in a 2‐year randomized STrength versus ENdurance training trial in people with obesity
Authors: Lehmann Stefanie , Retschlag Ulf , Oberbach Andreas , Morgenroth Roland , Linder Nicolas , Schaudinn Alexander , Garnov Nikita , Busse Harald , Solty Kilian , Prettin Christiane , Köppe‐Bauernfeind Nicole , Flehmig Gesine , Selig Lars , Trips Evelyn , Stumvoll Michael , Petroff David , Blüher Matthias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo compare the effectiveness of strength versus endurance training on reducing visceral fat in individuals with obesity.Materials and MethodsFor the STrength versus ENdurance (STEN) 24‐month randomized clinical trial, we assigned 239 participants with abdominal obesity to either strength or endurance training (two to three times a week, 60 min/training session) in addition to standard nutritional counselling to promote a healthy diet. Changes in abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area quantified by magnetic resonance imaging after 12 months were defined as a primary endpoint.ResultsParticipants (aged 44 years, 74% women, body mass index: 37 kg/m2, mean VAT volume: 4050 cm3) had an approximately 50% retention rate and a 30% good training programme adherence at 12 months. There was no difference between strength and endurance training in VAT volume dynamics after 12 and 24 months (p = .13). Only in the good adherence group did we find a trend for reduced VAT volume in both training regimens. Independently of the exercise programme, there was a continuous trend for moderate loss of abdominal subcutaneous AT volume, body fat mass, body mass index and improved parameters of insulin sensitivity. Although parameters of physical fitness improved upon both exercise interventions, the dynamics of resting energy expenditure, glucose and lipid metabolism parameters were not different between the intervention groups and did not significantly improve during the 2‐year trial (p > .05).ConclusionsDespite heterogeneous individual training responses, strength and endurance training neither affected VAT volume nor key secondary endpoints differently.
Bariatric surgery and all‐cause mortality: A methodological review of studies using a non‐surgical comparator
Authors: Suissa Karine , Schneeweiss Sebastian , Glynn Robert J. , Wexler Deborah J. , Suissa Samy , Paik Julie M. , Patorno Elisabetta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimNon‐randomized studies on bariatric surgery have reported large reductions in mortality within 6‐12 months after surgery compared with non‐surgical patients. It is unclear whether these findings are the result of bias.Study Design and SettingWe searched PubMed to identify all non‐randomized studies investigating the effect of bariatric surgery on all‐cause mortality compared with non‐surgical patients. We assessed these studies for potential confounding and time‐related biases. We conducted bias analyses to quantify the effect of these biases.ResultsWe identified 21 cohort studies that met our inclusion criteria. Among those, 11 were affected by immortal time bias resulting from the misclassification or exclusion of relevant follow‐up time. Five studies were subject to potential confounding bias because of a lack of adjustment for body mass index (BMI). All studies used an inadequate comparator group that lacked indications for bariatric surgery. Bias analyses to correct for potential confounding from BMI shifted the effect estimates towards the null [reported hazard ratio (HR): 0.78 vs. bias‐adjusted HR: 0.92]. Bias analyses to correct for the presence of immortal time also shifted the effect estimates towards the null (adjustment for 2‐year wait time: reported HR: 0.57 vs. bias‐adjusted HR: 0.81).ConclusionSeveral important sources of bias were identified in non‐randomized studies of the effectiveness of bariatric surgery versus non‐surgical comparators on mortality. Future studies should ensure that confounding by BMI is accounted for, considering the choice of the comparator group, and that the design or analysis avoids immortal time bias from the misclassification or exclusion.
Fructooligosaccharides reverses hepatic vascular dysfunction and dysbiosis in rats with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension
Authors: Pun Chon Kit , Huang Hui‐Chun , Chang Ching‐Chih , Chuang Chiao‐Lin , Hsu Shao‐Jung , Hou Ming‐Chih , Lee Fa‐Yauh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPortal hypertension leads to lethal complications in liver cirrhosis. Oxidative stress induced hepatic vascular dysfunction, which exaggerated vasoconstriction and increases hepatic vascular resistance (HVR). Gut dysbiosis further exacerbates portal hypertension. Fructooligosaccharides are prebiotics with potent antioxidant effect. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of fructooligosaccharides in portal hypertension‐related vascular dysregulation and gut microbiome.MethodsSprague–Dawley rats received bile duct ligation to induce cirrhosis or sham operation as controls. The rats then randomly received fructooligosaccharides or vehicle for 4 weeks. Experiments were performed on the 29th day after operations.ResultsFructooligosaccharides did not affect portal pressure. Interestingly, fructooligosaccharides significantly attenuated HVR (p = .03). Malondialdehyde, an oxidative stress marker, reduced significantly in the liver in fructooligosaccharides‐treated group. In addition, superoxide dismutase and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity increased in the treatment group. On the other hand, vasodilatation‐related protein expressions, GTPCH and phospho‐eNOS, enhanced significantly. Fructooligosaccharides had no adverse vasodilatation effects on splanchnic vascular system or porto‐systemic collateral systems. Locomotor function was not affected by fructooligosaccharides. Faecal microbiota analysis showed that Negativicutes, Selenomonadales and Lactobacillus salivarius reduced in the fructooligosaccharides‐treated group.ConclusionIn conclusion, fructooligosaccharides attenuate hepatic vascular dysfunction in cirrhotic rats via at least partly, ameliorate of dysbiosis and oxidative stress.
Digital impression perception among dental students in Saudi Arabia: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ellakany Passent , Fouda Shaimaa M. , Al‐Dulaijan Yousif A. , Aly Nourhan M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe use of digital dentistry is rapidly increasing in prosthodontics. However, most dental students are not familiar with applying digital technologies in dental clinics. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the perception of dental students at different educational years towards digital impressions in comparison to conventional impressions.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based study was conducted on various educational years of dental students in the College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, between February and April 2023. The students had performed at least one intraoral scan (Trios 3shape) and another conventional polyether impression for phantom casts/patients. The questionnaire assessed students' perceptions of digital impressions using a 5‐point scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare students' perceptions of digital impressions according to gender and educational year, respectively.ResultsThe study included 122 students. About 55% were females with a mean (SD) age = 22.51 (3.36). Most students thought that digital impressions are faster and more user‐friendly compared to conventional impressions. Significantly more female students thought that the handpiece was too big for intraoral use (p = 0.04) and that the process of the software was time‐consuming and complicated. In general, higher educational year students were more satisfied with the digital impressions than lower educational year students.ConclusionsDigital impressions were perceived by most students as being faster and easier than conventional ones. However, male students and those with higher educational years showed better perception of digital impression.
A resource dependence perspective on the business group effect in developed markets: Evidence from Western European firms
Authors: Sohl Timo , Hamelin Anaïs , Fitza Markus A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecent research shows that business groups matter in developed institutional settings. However, little is known about why business groups influence affiliate performance in such environments. Using a resource dependence lens, we explain how the business group effect may be contingent on a firm's industry environment. Consistent with a resource dependence perspective, our variance decomposition analysis of 3,733 firms in Western Europe (2006–2021) shows that the business group effect is significantly larger in less munificent and more complex industry environments. However, contrary to this perspective, our results also reveal that business groups matter more in less dynamic industry environments. Overall, by examining the importance of the industry environment in explaining how much business groups matter, this paper contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the business group effect in developed markets and provides several directions for future research in this domain.
Torture victims’ perspective on dental treatment: “Every sign you make, every move you take” – A qualitative study
Authors: Høyvik Ann Catrin , Willumsen Tiril , Lie Birgit , Hilden Per Kristian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTorture victims struggling with post‐traumatic stress often experience elements in the dental treatment situation that may trigger trauma‐related reactions. The aim of the study was to explore intervention strategies that will enable dental health workers to adapt dental treatment to the needs of torture survivors. Exploratory interviews were conducted with 10 torture‐exposed resettled refugees with dental treatment experience in Norway. The data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis, which suggested that to minimize trauma‐reactions, dental personnel should focus on creating a safe therapeutic space and strengthening the patient's sense of control. Four main categories of clinical advice were proposed: (i) Acquire knowledge about psychology, consequences of torture, cultural differences, trauma‐informed care, and the patients’ individual needs; (ii) Recognize the trigger‐potential of busyness or delays; (iii) Avoid surprises, such as sudden moves or actions and explore triggers individually, but make sure not to evoke images of interrogation, and; (iv) Provide overview both with respect to visibility in the clinical room, and to predictability regarding the dental treatment. Although undergoing dental treatment may be challenging for torture‐exposed individuals, it is possible to reduce the predicaments considerably by making feasible adaptions to the treatment and adopting a trauma‐informed approach.
The effect of massage on cramp frequency, cramp severity, and sleep quality of hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Parlak Ayşe Gül , Akgün Şahin Zümrüt 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionLeg muscle cramps and compromised sleep patterns are prevalent issues experienced by individuals undergoing hemodialysis treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of massage therapy on hemodialysis patients experiencing cramping, specifically focusing on the frequency and severity of cramps, as well as the quality of sleep.MethodsThis research involved 36 hemodialysis patients. The intervention group received intradialytic massage targeting the lower extremities, administered three times a week for a total of six sessions over a 2‐week period. Data collection utilized a Patient Information Form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Visual Analog Scale, and a Patient Follow‐Up Form.FindingsThe study revealed a significant reduction in both the frequency and severity of cramps experienced by patients in the intervention group during hemodialysis sessions and at home, from the end of one session to the beginning of the next, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). This effect was observed over the course of six dialysis sessions. Additionally, there was a notable decrease in the mean total score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among participants in the intervention group, declining from 9.00 ± 3.79 prior to massage therapy to 5.94 ± 2.84 post‐massage (p < 0.001). Conversely, no significant change was observed in the control group, highlighting a notable disparity between the intervention and control groups in terms of sleep quality improvement.DiscussionThe investigation revealed that employing intradialytic massage on the lower extremities led to a reduction in both the frequency and severity of cramps, while also eliciting a positive impact on the sleep quality of patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Pacifism and peace activism in modern Britain: A history of the ‘peace studies problem’
Authors: Reid Fiona 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt is over 40 years since Ceadel defined interwar British pacifism as a ‘faith’. During that time, pacifism has had little political significance and the influential peace movement of the interwar years is now scarcely within living memory. Yet, what Margaret Thatcher once described as ‘the peace studies problem’ is a diverse and interdisciplinary field, and one in which scholarship, peace activism and mainstream politics are all closely intertwined. Feminist scholars and peace activists have queried the links between militarism and patriarchy; historians and ethicists have explored medical pacifism and have asked whether medicine is (or should be) a pacifist profession. More recently, scholars have looked at interwar pacifism through the lens of the Empire and have challenged the imperialist pacifist delusion. Despite pacifism's limited political influence, its history over the last 40 years has explored the beliefs and motivations of men and women struggling to respond to militarism and the threat of war.
Remittance as reactive transnationalism: The role of perceived unfairness among immigrants in South Korea
Authors: Yoo Nari , Jang Sou Hyun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite numerous studies on the economic transnational connections of immigrants, focusing mainly on remittances to their home countries, the remittance behaviours and related factors of immigrants in South Korea, a country experiencing increased racial and ethnic diversity, remain relatively understudied. Applying a resource‐dependent and reactive transnationalism framework, this study examines the associations between assimilation, human capital, and immigrants' remittance behaviours. Additionally, we investigate whether perceived unfairness moderates these relationships, reflecting reactive transnationalism. Utilizing data from a 2021 Survey on Immigrants' Living Conditions and Labor Force (N = 7981), we delve into various remitting behaviours, including remittance frequency, the share of monthly remittances in expenditures, and the total remittance amount. The independent variables include assimilation indicators (length of stay in Korea and intention to remain), human capital factors (education and income) and perceived unfairness in the workplace. Ordinary least squares and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine these relationships. Our findings support both linear and resource‐dependent transnationalism: assimilation and human capital levels are associated with immigrants' remittance behaviours. However, the interaction between perceived unfairness and reactive transnationalism was observed specifically for human capital, indicating that immigrants with higher human capital are more responsive to unfairness and discrimination. As a result, they may want to increase their self‐esteem by sending money back to their home country. This study not only contributes to understanding immigrant remittance behaviours in South Korea but also highlights the conceptual significance of examining remittance behaviours through reactive transnationalism, particularly the critical role of perceived unfairness among highly skilled immigrants.
Comparison of vonoprazan bismuth‐containing triple therapy with quadruple therapy in Helicobacter pylori‐infected treatment‐naive patients: a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liang Jing Wen , Xiong Si , Jia Ye Gui , Xiao Dan , Tan Shi Yun , Cao Ji Wang , Sun Jun , Tian Xia , Li Shu Yu , Chen Rui Hong , Ruan Gui Zhen , Xiong Jian Guang , Wang Xiao Ming , Xu San Ping , Qi Li Ping , Liu Yun Hua , Zhao Yu Chong , Bai Shu Ya , Chen Wei , Cao Meng Die , Peng Wang , Li Yan Ling , Yang Yi Lei , Chen Shi Ru , Cui Hao Chen , Liu Lu Yao , Aruna  , Zhou Yi , Cheng Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimHelicobacter pylori infection is linked to various gastrointestinal conditions, such as chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Traditional treatment options encounter difficulties due to antibiotic resistance and adverse effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a new treatment plan that combines vonoprazan (VPZ), amoxicillin, and bismuth for the eradication of H. pylori.MethodsA total of 600 patients infected with H. pylori were recruited for this multicenter randomized controlled trial. Patients treated for H. pylori elimination were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive 14 days of vonoprazan‐based triple therapy (vonoprazan + amoxicillin + bismuth, group A) or standard quadruple therapy (esomeprazole + clarithromycin + amoxicillin + bismuth, group B). Compliance and adverse effects were tracked through daily medication and side effect records. All patients underwent a 13C/14C‐urea breath test 4 weeks after treatment completion.ResultsIntention‐to‐treat (ITT) and per‐protocol (PP) analyses revealed no substantial differences in H. pylori eradication rates between groups A and B (ITT: 83.7% vs 83.2%; PP: 90.9% vs 89.7%). However, significant differences were observed in the assessment of side effects (13.7% vs 28.6%, P < 0.001). Specifically, group A had significantly fewer “bitter mouths” than group B did (3.7% vs 16.2%, P < 0.001).ConclusionTriple therapy comprising vonoprazan (20 mg), amoxicillin (750 mg), and bismuth potassium citrate (220 mg) achieved a PP eradication rate ≥90%, paralleling standard quadruple therapy, and had fewer adverse events and lower costs (¥306.8 vs ¥645.8) for treatment‐naive patients.