bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antinociceptive Effect of Clomipramine Through Interaction with Serotonin 5-Нт2 And 5-Нт3 Receptor Subtypes
Authors: Kostadinov Ilia D. , Delev Delian P. , Kostadinova Ivanka I. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Tricyclic antidepressants are used in the treatment of various pain syndromes. The antidepressant clomipramine inhibits predominantly the reuptake of serotonin in the central nervous system. The mechanism of its analgesic effect is not fully understood.
The AIM of the present study was to find experimentally any dose-effect dependence in the analgesic effect of clomipramine and the involvement of the 5-НТ2 and 5-НТ3 receptors in the mechanism of this effect. Material and methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were used in the study allocated to five groups (10 animals each): a saline treated control group, one positive control group treated with metamizole and three experimental groups treated with intraperitoneally administered clomipramine in doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg bw, respectively. To study the role of 5-НТ2 and 5-НТ3 receptors in this effect we used another five groups (10 animals each): control, positive control and three experimental groups treated with clomipramine only, clomipramine and granisetrone and clomipramine and cyproheptadine, respectively. Three nociceptive tests were used: the hot plate test, analgesimeter and the acetic acid-induced writhing test. To gauge the antinociceptive action we used the increased latency in the hot plate test expressed as maximum possible effect % (%MPE), the increase in paw pressure to withdraw the hind paw in analgesimeter and decrease in the number of spinal cord writhes in the acetic acid test.
RESULTS: Clomipramine in a dose of 20 mg/kg bw significantly increased the %MPE in hot plate test and the pressure to withdraw the hind paw in the analgesimeter when compared with the control. In the acetic acid test clomipramine decreased non-significantly the number of writhes compared with the controls. Granisetrone reduced non-significantly the antinociceptive effect of clomipramine in all tests. Cyproheptadine potentiated the analgesic effect of clomipramine in acetic acid test and decreased it significantly in the hot plate test. In analgesimeter cyproheptadine decreased significantly the paw pressure to withdraw the tested hind paw at 1 hour and non-significantly at 2 hours.
CONCLUSION: Clomipramine in the dose of 20 mg/kg bw has a pronounced antinociceptive affect towards thermal and mechanical pain stimulation. The 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptor subtypes are very likely involved in the mechanism of this effect.
Amino acids through developmental stages of sunflower leaves
Authors: Roy Nayan , Laskar Subrata , Barik Anandamay 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The PICO-TAGanalysis of proteins revealed that 17 protein-bound and 18 free amino acids were present throughout the developmental stages of sunflower leaves. The total protein-bound amino acid content was much higher than total free amino acid content throughout the development of sunflower leaves. The contents of protein-bound and free amino acids as well as essential and non-essential ones displayed different patterns with leaf maturation, suggesting that total protein levels are poor predictors of the nutritive status of leaves.
Karyological and morphological variations within the genus Dysphania (Chenopodiaceae) in Bulgaria
Authors: Grozeva Neli H. , Cvetanova Yanka G. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe karyological and morphological variability of species from the genus Dysphania were studied. The results demonstrated that genus Dysphania is represented in Bulgaria by five species: Dysphania ambrosioides, D. multifida, D. botrys, D. schraderiana and D. pumilio. The first two species are tetraploids with chromosome number 2n = 32 for D. ambrosioides and 2n = 36 for D. multifida. The remaining three species are diploids with 2n = 18. The results from statistical analysis demonstrated that the main source of phenotype variation in the species is the interpopulation variation. The specific characters which allowed their recognition are themorphological characteristics of the perianth lobes, the upper leaves and the seeds. The distinction between D. multifida, D. ambrosioides and D. schraderiana is based on differences in the quantitative traits, while in D. botrys and D. pumilio qualitative traits are also important. The basic evolutionary mechanisms are polyploidy and diploidy.Atendency towards reduction in the size of generative organs and the number of perianth lobes was found.
Aquatic and Semi Aquatic Heteroptera Communities from South-East Transylvanian Small Rivers
Authors: Ilie Daniela Minodora , Olosutean Horea 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe paper presents the analysis of the relations between aquatic and semi aquatic Heteroptera from south-east Transylvanian small rivers and habitat characteristics of the sampling sites. Biological material was collected from 23 sampling sites from Hârtibaciu Plateau (8), and Făgaraş (12) and Sibiu (3) Depressions. A large number of species were identified, almost a third (22 out of 69) of the species sampled so far in Romania. Gerris (Gerris) lacustris (Linnaeus, 1758) has the highest relative abundance and frequency, seconded by Nepa cinerea Linnaeus, 1758 and Sigara (Pseudovermicorixa) nigrolineata nigrolineata Fieber, 1848. Community composition is influenced by habitat characteristics, the most important role being held by the presence of aquatic vegetation, favoring G. lacustris and N. cinerea, and the inconstancy of the hydrological regime, favoring S. nigrolineata. Habitat conditions are having a low influence on biodiversity values, although substrate and hydrological heterogeneity and aquatic vegetation seem to be responsible for higher species richness, while mild anthropic impact and a larger site size are resulting in higher species heterogeneity.
Wpływ Wapnowania i Nawożenia Mineralnego na Zawartość Rozpuszczalnych Form Pierwiastków Śladowych W Glebie Płowej / The Influence of Liming and Mineral Fertilization on the Content of Trace Elements Soluble Forms in Haplic Luvisols Formed from Loess
Authors: Nazarkiewicz Małgorzata , Kaniuczak Janina 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The research was carried out on a permanent fertilization field in the area of the Rzeszow Foothills Region, with Haplic Luvisols formed from loess. The following plants were cultivated in a 4-year cropping system: pasture sunflower, winter wheat, potatoes and spring barley. Various mineral fertilizers NPK + Mg constans and various mineral fertilization NPK + Mg Ca constans were applied in the experiment. Liming was applied in the form of CaO (at the dose of 2.86 t Ca × ha.1). The experiment included 14 fertilizer objects, in 4 replications according to the method of random sub-blocks. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied in statistic processing for a double classification: liming (A) and mineral fertilization (B) . independently of liming. As a result of the testing, it was found that liming raised the content of Cr in Ap and Bt horizons. Mineral fertilization raised the content of Co and Cr in Ap and Bt horizons and Cd and Pb in Bt horizon. The combined effect of liming and mineral fertilization decreased the content of Ni and Co in Ap horizon and Cd in Bt horizon and raised the content of Cr in Ap and Bt horizons and Pb in Bt horizon.
Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Successful Treatment with Topical 5% Imiquimod Cream
Authors: Stojanović Slobodan , Vučković Nada , Vemić Dragan 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The authors present a case of a 36-year-old man with a penile intraepithelial neoplasia who was evaluated at the Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Dermatovenereology Diseases of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina in December of 2010. The patient was referred to this facility by an urologist and had histopathological reports of 4 biopsy specimens taken from different plaques on the glans penis. Biopsy samples were collected from lesions which were clinically diagnosed as leukoplakia. Histopathological findings of all biopsy specimens showed: “dysplasio epithelii planocellularis gradus levioris et partim gradus mediocris diffusa”. Given the histopathological diagnosis, the patient was referred to a dermatologist for conservative therapy of these lesions, avoiding radical surgery. On admission, the patient presented with slightly indurated erythematous plaques with some desquamation at the surface, and a tendency for diffuse involvement of the entire glans penis. Topical 5% imiquimod cream was administered on the lesions once a day and was washed off after 8 hours during 10 weeks. Check-ups were scheduled for every other week in order to assess the course and progress of topical treatment. No significant side effects were recorded, except for acute local inflammation accompanied by mild exudation and itching. After 10 weeks of treatment, complete regression of lesions was achieved, and in the following period of 18 months (until present) no recurrence was observed.
Multidimensionality of immigrant integration policy at the local level. Examples of initiatives in Germany and The United Kingdom
Authors: Jaczewska Barbara 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Awareness that immigrant integration takes place at a local level has been growing for several years. Immigration policy debates and decisions mostly occur at the national level, but the question of how to implement immigrant integration policy is much more urgent at a local level. The purpose of the article is to present the multidimensionality of integration actions as well as examples of projects considered to be “best practices” that are carried out today at the local level in German and UK cities of different sizes. The countries chosen have long histories of immigration and have developed significantly different approaches to immigration issues, nevertheless local experiences (in both countries) highlight not only differences but also similarities in immigrant integration policy. The surveys presented help us to understand that immigrant integration is a complicated process that can be stimulated in various ways, and that there is no single way to introduce policy towards immigrants.
Multicriteria analysis in hazards assessment in Libya
Authors: Zeleňáková Martina , Gargar Ibrahim , Purcz Pavol 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Environmental hazards (natural and man-made) have always constituted problem in many developing and developed countries. Many applications proved that these problems could be solved through planning studies and detailed information about these prone areas. Determining time and location and size of the problem are important for decision makers for planning and management activities. It is important to know the risk represented by those hazards and take actions to protect against them. Multicriteria analysis methods - Analytic hierarchy process, Pairwise comparison, Ranking method are used to analyse which is the most dangerous hazard facing Libya country. The multicriteria analysis ends with a more or less stable ranking of the given alternatives and hence a recommendation as to which alternative(s) problems should be preferred. Regarding our problem of environmental risk assessment, the result will be a ranking or categorisation of hazards with regard to their risk level.
Influence of Visitors’ Flows on Indoor Air Quality of Museum Premises
Authors: Dovgaliuk Volodymyr , Lysak Pavlo 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The article considers the influence of visitors’ flows on indoor air quality of museum premises and work of ventilation and air conditioning systems. The article provides the analysis of the heat input from visitors, the results of mathematical simulation of visitors flow influence on indoor air quality. Several advice options are provided on application of variable air volume systems for provision of constant indoor air quality.
Methods of Assessing the Risks Associated with Lack of Water Supplies, Water Safety Plan for National Conditions
Authors: Rybka Sławomir 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Article shows the desire to obtain risk-control options, and bringing it to a tolerable level. Subjects were ways of managing and dealing with risk. Methods of dealing with aspects of the protection of industrial buildings and high-risk critical infrastructure vulnerability analysis methodology to the loss of integrity. Also a set method to deal with aspects of the protection of industrial buildings and high-risk critical infrastructure that is the analysis of susceptibility to loss of integrity. The article also presents the basic principles of water safety plan based on national and foreign research publications. In the next part of article WSP methodology was concluded, outlining the actions which use significantly reduces the risk of threats that could lead to supply of contaminated tap water or total interruption of its supply. In further considerations the most important steps in creating WSP were presented. In the final section the principle of modular computer system operation that is used for network management for urban water supply in Rzeszow was presented.
Climate Change and Conservation
Authors: Ledig F. Thomas 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
- Conserving forest genetic resources and, indeed, preventing species extinctions will be complicated by the expected changes in climate projected for the next century and beyond. This paper uses case examples from rare spruces (Picea sp.) from North America to discuss the interplay of conservation, genetics, and climate change. New models show how climate change will affect these spruces, making it necessary to relocate them if they are to survive, a tool known as assisted migration or, preferably, assisted colonization. The paper concludes with some speculation on the broader implications of climate change, and the relevance of conservation to preserving the necessary ecological services provided by forests.
Clinical and etiopathological aspects of muscle and joint sports injuries
Authors: Moldovan I. , Mureşan S. , Pop S. T. , Trimbitas C. , Iliescu D.M. , Brînzaniuc Klara 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
This descriptive study was conducted on a group of 92 patients during January 2012 - December 2012, treated at the Sports Rehabilitation Department of NOVA VITA Medical Center, Tîrgu Mures. We investigated the incidence of muscle and joint injuries by age group, gender, region of the injured muscle and joint, type of sport. Football is the main sport practiced at a professional level, thus the leg is the most exposed body part to diseases at different levels and degrees, especially the ankle, knee and thigh with muscle damage and ligament injuries. Playing tennis at an amateur level can harm body parts like the shoulder and the elbow and can cause tendon and muscle injuries. The most affected region is the knee. Knee injuries are present in almost all sports. Nearly 40% of the injuries are ligament injuries.
Fatty acid composition of Bulgarian Black Sea fish species
Authors: Merdzhanova Albena , Stancheva Mona , Makedonski Lubomir 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The fatty acid compositions of three Black Sea fish species turbot (Pseta maxima), red mullet (Mullusbarbatus ponticus) and garfish (Belone belone) were investigated. This species are considered as preferred for consumption in Bulgaria. Lipid extraction was done according to the Bligh and Dyer method. The fatty acid composition was determined by GC/MS. The saturated fatty acids amounts were 38.32 % for turbot, 35.44 % red mullet and 42.90% for garfish. Monounsaturated fatty acids were found in lowest level in comparison with other groups for garfish (23.65%) and turbot (24.85%) while for red mullet they have a highest value - 37.56%. Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as eicosapentaenoic (C 20:5 omega 3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic (C 22:6 omega 3, DHA) acids were found in highest levels in turbot (22.26%) and garfish (21.80%) and in lowest values of red mullet (9.35%). The results showed that the fish examined are good source of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, resulting in a very favourable omega 3 / omega 6 ratios, especially in turbot and garfish
Nontemplate synthesis, characterization and theoretical study of tetraazamacrocycles
Authors: Șen İbrahim , Yildiz Cem Burak , Azizoğlu Akın 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The syntheses of new tetraaza macrocyclic compounds of variable ring sizes by non-template methods and their characterization with the help of elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR) have been reported in detail. The vibrational frequencies determined experimentally are compared with those obtained theoretically from density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree-Fock (HF) calculations. The comparisons between the experimental and theoretical results indicate that B3LYP level with both the 3-21G(d) and 6-31G+(d,p) basis sets is able to provide satisfactory results for predicting IR properties. The frontier molecular orbital diagrams and molecular electrostatic potential maps of title compounds have been also calculated and visualized at the B3LYP/6-31G+(d,p) level of theory.
Alan Ayckboum's Liza Doolittle
Authors: Dukore Bernard 
Published: April 2013

This passage occurs in "A Self-Improving Woman," the title of one of four possible third scenes (every scene has a title) in Alan Ayckbourn's Intimate Exchanges, which consists of eight full-length plays. Since each play has two possible endings, contained in different concluding scenes, there are, in effect, sixteen plays. To see all of Intimate Exchanges requires sixteen evenings and/or matinees at the theatre. The published text fills two volumes. Intimate Exchanges continues along lines Ayckbourn had explored in Sisterly Feelings, which employs alternative scenes in the center, the flip of a coin during performance determining which scene is played. In both works, each alternative creates a different set of circumstances that eventually requires another choice. A more complex comedy, Intimate Exchanges not only progresses by means that are not arbitrary, but the decisions in the later play, which more closely derive from character, are more numerous than those in the earlier, and each decision results in alternatives with greater ramifications than the previous alternatives.
Book Reviews
Authors: Smith Bruce , Merritt Susan Hollis , Cocalis Susan , Worth Katherine , Davis Tracy , Jenkins Anthony , Berkowitz Gerald 
Published: April 2013

John M. Clum, Acting Gay: Male Homosexuality in Modern Drama, reviewed by Bruce R. Smith Penelope Prentice, The Pinter Ethic: The Erotic Aesthetic, reviewed by Susan Hollis Merritt Lynda Hart and Peggy Phelan, eds.,Acting Out: Feminist Performances, reviewed by Susan L. Cocalis Theodore Shank ed., Contemporary British Theatre, reviewed by Katherine Worth Joel H. Kaplan, Theatre and Fashion: Oscar Wilde to the Suffragettes, reviewed by Tracy C. Davis John Dawick, Pinero: A Theatrical Life, reviewed by Anthony Jenkins Walter A. Davis, Get the Guests: Psychoanalysis, Modern American Drama and the Audience, reviewed by Gerald M. Berkowitz
Book Reviews
Authors: Grace Sherrill , Lane Harry , Dugan James , Singleton Brian , Trotter Mary , Osburn John , Connelly Stacey , Clemons Leigh , McKinnie Michael 
Published: April 2013

Craig Stewart Walker, The Buried Astrolabe: Canadian Dramatic Imagination and Western Tradition, reviewed by Sherrill Grace Christ Johnson, Essays on george F. Walker: Playing with Anxiety, reviewed by Harry Lane Marc Maufort and Franca Bellarsi, eds., Siting the Other: Re-visions of Marginality in Australian and English-Canadian Drama, reviewed by James Dugan Mary Trotter, Ireland's National: Th eatres: Political Performance and the Origins of the Irish Dramatic Movement, reviewed by Brian Singleton Stephen Watt, Eileen Morgan, and Shakir Mustafa, eds., A Century of Irish Drama: Widening the Stage, reviewed by Brian Singleton Dermot Bolger, Druids, Dudes and Beauty Queens: The Changing Face of Irish Theatre, reviewed by Mary Trotter Albert Wertheim, The Dramatic Art of Athol Fugard: From South Africa to the World, reviewed by Martin Orkin David G. Richards, Georg Büchner's's Woyzeck: A History of Its Criticism, reviewed by John Osburn John London, ed., Theatre under the Nazis, reviewed by Stacey Connelly Helka Makinen, S.e. Wilmer, Theatre, History and National Identities, reviewed by Leigh Clemons Michael Kobialka, ed., Of Borders and Thresholds: Theatre History, Practice, and Theory, reviewed by Michael McKinnie
De la fin du Solutréen au Magdalénien moyen dans les vallées de la Claise et de la Creuse
Authors: Chehmana Lucie , Almeida Miguel , Aubry Thierry , Thiennet Henri , Walter Bertrand 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
This paper presents a re-evaluation of the archaeological record available for an economic approach of lithic assemblages, dated between 19000 and 14000 BP, from the Claise and Creuse valleys. The integrity of each lithic assemblage is accessed through the taphonomic analysis of the Fritsch Shelter and La Garenne stratigraphic sequences. This approach permits a new interpretation of the Fristch Shelter stratigraphic units and the establishment of technological relationships with lithic assemblages recovered from open-air sites in the Claise and Creuse valleys. The data revealed a variability of raw material procurement and technology of the lithic industries, both in caves and open-air settlements, between the end of the Solutrean and the Middle Magdalenian, and allows an interpretative model to be proposed in terms of settlement complementarities.
L'hôtel de la famille de Gaillac ou «Tour de Palmata» (Gaillac, Tarn)
Authors: Napoleone Anne-Laure , Guiraud Catherine , Viviés Bertrand de 
Published: April 2013

The hôtel of the Gaillac family or the « Tour Palmata » (Gaillac, Tarn).
The edifice known as the « Tour de Palmata » at Gaillac, discovered by Elie Rossignol around 1860, is actually the remains of a large mansion built in the mid Thirteenth century by the Gaillac family, important local lords at the time. The residence included several buildings and a tower wedged in the angle. The great hall, covered with a timbered ceiling in the form of a ship's hull ceiling, opened at the East on the main axis. It communicated with the first floor of the tower, which was designed as a formai apartment that still has some of its original wall painting.