bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses' health behaviours and physical activity-related health-promotion practices
Authors: Bakhshi Savita , Sun Fei , Murrells Trevor , While Alison 
Published: June 2015

Many registered nurses (RNs) are not achieving the recommended daily levels of physical activity. This study collected data from 623 RNs about their personal health behaviours and their professional, physical activity-related health-promotion practices. The findings showed that 75% of the sample reported engaging in personal physical activity, 25% were at risk of hazardous drinking or active alcohol use disorders, 17% were past smokers and 11% were current smokers, 47% reported having a normal body weight-size, and 73% desired to be a normal body weight-size. Nearly half of the sample reported that they were promoting physical activity within their clinical practice. Personal physical activity behaviour, perceived health status, length of clinical practice, clinical specialty, and actual body weight-size were significantly related to the RNs' professional, physical activity-related practices. This study highlights a need for training on physical activity-related counselling, including awareness of the latest recommendations and strategies to promote physical activity. Health-care employers should also consider addressing nurses' barriers to the promotion of physical activity within their clinical practice so that all health-care contacts are able to maximise opportunities to promote active ageing.
Nurse collaboration in community and psychiatric care: a Swedish study
Authors: Brändström Linnéa , Mazaz Nader , Berggren Ingela 
Published: June 2015

Aim The aim of the study was to examine registered nurses' (RNs) experiences of collaboration in the community health care and psychiatric inpatient care systems. Background RNs in one area in the west of Sweden have indicated the need for collaborative routines between the community health care and psychiatric inpatient care systems. Method Qualitative content analysis of focus group interviews. Results RNs felt the web-based health-care communication programme was a major obstacle to the development of a collaboration plan. The poor collaboration between RNs was due to the absence of knowledge about the duties of each nursing team. Conclusion The findings contribute to the understanding of the barriers to collaboration between RNs in community health care and psychiatric inpatient care, and highlight the need for nurse managers to ensure well-functioning routines.
A contemporary review of peripartum cardiomyopathy
Authors: Stamatelatou Marianna , Walker Fiona , Pandya Bejal 
Published: June 2015

Heart disease is the single leading cause of maternal death in the UK and peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), although rare, is frequently found within the cardiac maternal mortality statistics. It is too often diagnosed late, and frequently results in death, a trend that could be reversed with greater recognition of the problem. The hallmark of PPCM is the development of impaired ventricular function with depressed ejection fraction during pregnancy or for up to 6 months postpartum. The aetiology remains unknown but its presentation and treatment are similar to heart failure due to any other cause. This article discusses the background, clinical presentation, diagnosis, outcome, prognosis and treatment available for women diagnosed with PPCM. Its aim is to raise awareness of the condition and provide the knowledge-base, which will help the reader make an earlier diagnosis and potentially save lives.
There's an app for that—but how do we know if it's a good one?
Authors: Power Alison , Gordon Adel 
Published: June 2015

Mobile phone applications or ‘apps’ are increasingly becoming an integral part of our daily lives, with the number of mobile app users in the UK predicted to exceed 43 million by 2016 ( The Statistics Portal, 2015 ). The App and Play stores are saturated with thousands of apps that claim to cater for all elements of our lives: healthy living, education, entertainment and more. Undoubtedly apps can be a convenient way of accessing information; however, in relation to pregnancy and childbirth, how do women know whether the app they are downloading is providing high-quality, evidence-based information? This short article outlines the history of apps, discusses potential quality and credibility issues and provides suggestions for how to navigate the apps minefield to ensure the apps you download or recommend to others are credible and trusted.
Effect of practical blood flow restriction training during bodyweight exercise on muscular strength, hypertrophy and function in adults: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Head Paul , Austen Benjamin , Browne David , Campkin Timothy , Barcellona Massimo 
Published: June 2015

Background/Aims: Practical blood flow restriction training (PBFRT) is a novel method of resistance exercise that has been proposed to increase muscular strength and hypertrophy at lower intensities than is currently recommended in guidelines for resistance training. This study aimed to investigate whether practical, inexpensive elastic wraps for PBFRT during a 6-week bodyweight resistance training programme increases lower limb muscular strength, hypertrophy and function. Methods: This study was designed as a parallel, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Young men and women were randomised to either the PBFRT (n=7; 2 males and 5 females) or control (n=5; 2 males and 3 females) group. The intervention was a single leg squat (SLS) bodyweight resistance exercise to fatigue, twice a week for 6 weeks. The PBFRT group performed the SLS exercise with an elastic wrap around their proximal thigh at a perceived tightness of 7/10, and the control group at a perceived tightness of 0/10. The following outcomes were then measured: knee extensor concentric, eccentric and isometric strength (dynamometer), thigh girth and single leg vertical jump height. Results: There were no significant differences between groups (PBFRT and control) for all outcome measures assessed from baseline to post-intervention testing. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the use of PBFRT in conjunction with an SLS bodyweight resistance exercise was not effective at increasing lower limb muscular strength, hypertrophy and function.
The effects of continuous vs intermittent exercise on lipid profile in obese children
Authors: Mahgoub Mohamed Serag El-dein , Aly Sobhy 
Published: June 2015

Methods: A randomised pretest–posttest design was implemented to compare the effects of continuous and intermittent exercise, measuring lipid profiles in obese children before and after the intervention. Thirty obese children (11 male and 19 female; age range: 12–15 years; body mass index ≥25) were randomised into two exercise intervention groups to engage in an 8-week exercise programme consisting of either continuous exercise (Group A) or intermittent exercise (Group B). Results: Data showed that there was a significant decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in both groups following intervention. There was a significant improvement in the lipid profile results of Group B compared with Group A. Conclusions: Intermittent exercise programmes are more effective than continuous exercise programmes in improving lipid profiles in children with obesity. Findings from this research could lead to improved health outcomes in obese patients by increasing aerobic capacity, wellness and metabolic fitness.
Conceptualising wellbeing for young people living with mental illness
Authors: Honey Anne , Coniglio Francesca , Hancock Nicola , McDougall Tim , Callaghan Jane 
Published: June 2015

Background/Aims: Assisting clients to achieve wellbeing, even in the presence of ongoing mental illness, should be a primary goal of mental health services. However, little is known about what wellbeing means for young people living with mental illness. The aim of this study is to explore the ways in which young Australians living with mental illness conceptualise their wellbeing. Methods: Five focus groups were conducted with young people (n=20; age range: 16–25 years) living with mental illness. Results were analysed qualitatively using constant comparative analysis. Results: Analysis of the data indicated that participants were describing two different but complementary types of concepts. We conceptualised these two types of concepts as ‘building blocks’ and ‘foundations’ of wellbeing, respectively. Five building blocks were identified, which together constituted wellbeing for participants: i) sense of self; ii) relationships; iii) sense of the future; iv) feelings and experiences; v) agency. These building blocks were supported or undermined by seven foundations: i) activities; ii) having things; iii) mental illness; iv) the past; v) coping strategies; vi) environmental supports and barriers; vii) personal characteristics. Conclusions: The findings support the use of a recovery paradigm for young people with mental illness. The framework presented can be used to assist young people to consider different aspects that make up their wellbeing and plan ways to address these by attending to multiple foundational factors.
American Beauty: The art of work in the age of therapeutic masturbation
Authors: Weeks Mark 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
American Beauty (Mendes, 1999) was an outstanding commercial and critical success at the turn of the millennium, generating considerable media and eventually scholarly attention. In the various critical approaches to the film, some attention has been given to its portrayal of erotic fantasy, yet a related element that has not been dealt with, though occasionally noted, is its conspicuous depictions of, and references to, physical autoeroticism. Observing a certain uneasiness towards discussions of the subject, this article argues that the foregrounding of masturbation, far from being incidental prurience, reflected and consolidated a significant cultural movement. While in part it was an outgrowth of a liberalization of discourses around sex, a closer examination of American Beauty in its cultural–historical context reveals its connection to important neo-liberal changes in the concept of the individual self and its relationship to society. Indeed, it is associated within the film itself to changes in labour economic and familial relations around that time which inform the United States today. Neither denouncing nor promoting the portrayal of masturbation, the article ultimately seeks to demonstrate the utility and significance of bringing the discussion of embodied forms of autoerotic pleasure more thoroughly into cultural analysis.
One-Sided Games in a War of Attrition
Authors: Asako Yasushi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study develops a war-of-attrition model with the asymmetric feature that one player can be defeated by the other but not vice versa; that is, only one player has an exogenous probability of being forced to capitulate. With complete information, the equilibria are almost identical to the canonical war-of-attrition model. On the other hand, with incomplete information on a player’s robustness, a war where both players fight for some duration emerges. Moreover, a player who is never defeated may capitulate in equilibrium, and this player will give in earlier if the other player’s fighting costs are greater.
Quantifying the complexity of human colonic pressure signals using an entropy measure
Authors: Xu Fei , Yan Guozheng , Zhao Kai , Lu Li , Wang Zhiwu , Gao Jinyang 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Studying the complexity of human colonic pressure signals is important in understanding this intricate, evolved, dynamic system. This article presents a method for quantifying the complexity of colonic pressure signals using an entropy measure. As a self-adaptive non-stationary signal analysis algorithm, empirical mode decomposition can decompose a complex pressure signal into a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Considering that IMF2, IMF3, and IMF4 represent crucial characteristics of colonic motility, a new signal was reconstructed with these three signals. Then, the time entropy (TE), power spectral entropy (PSE), and approximate entropy (AE) of the reconstructed signal were calculated. For subjects with constipation and healthy individuals, experimental results showed that the entropies of reconstructed signals between these two classes were distinguishable. Moreover, the TE, PSE, and AE can be extracted as features for further subject classification.
A constructional analysis of English un-participle constructions
Authors: Schönefeld Doris 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe present paper reports on an investigation into an Englishun-participle pattern that is called unpassive, or is described as an adjectival passive. The main characteristic of the pattern is an (adjectival) past participle prefixed byun-, which is used as a predicative complement to a verb. Besides the different terms used for the pattern, there is also some indeterminacy with respect to its particular form. All of the descriptions focus on the verbbe, but mention is also made ofgoandremain. That is, the specifications of the pattern’s formal side differ to some extent. To provide information on this issue and to get hold of potential (verb-related) differences in the pattern’s function, we conducted an empirical analysis from a usage-based construction grammar perspective. Our focus is on the form-function interplay of the pattern in order to gain information about its constructional status and its exact formal and semantic make-up. The database selected for this study is the BNC, from which all occurrences of ‘verb plusun-participle’ were extracted. The data were submitted to collexeme and covarying collexeme analyses to identify the spectrum of meanings/functions associated with these forms, and distinctive collexeme analyses were carried out to see whether theun-participles found pattern differently with the individual verbs. The results indicate that, on closer examination, theun-participle construction does not represent a homogeneous category, but must be seen as a schematic template of related, though different, usage events that may have expanded analogously from a prototype construction. On the basis of our analyses and informed by findings from developmental studies, we suggest that the related constructions form a network.
Strong approximation and descent
Authors: Derenthal Ulrich , Wei Dasheng 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We introduce descent methods to the study of strong approximation on
algebraic varieties. We apply them to two classes of varieties
defined by

P
⁢

(
𝐭
)

=

N

K
/
k

⁢

(
𝐳
)

{P(\mathbf{t})=N_{K/k}(\mathbf{z})}

: firstly for quartic extensions of
number fields

K
/
k

{K/k}

and quadratic polynomials

P
⁢

(
𝐭
)

{P(\mathbf{t})}

in one
variable, and secondly for

k
=
ℚ

{k=\mathbb{Q}}

, an arbitrary number field K
and

P
⁢

(
𝐭
)

{P(\mathbf{t})}

a product of linear polynomials over

ℚ

{\mathbb{Q}}

in at least
two variables. Finally, we illustrate that a certain unboundedness
condition at archimedean places is necessary for strong
approximation.
Assessing the Feasibility of Optical Probe in Phase Holdup Measurements and Flow Regime Identification
Authors: Gheni Saba A. , H. Al-Dahhan Muthanna 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Despite the hydrodynamics of trickle beds experiencing pilot size, on the contrary, the possibility of measuring hydrodynamic parameters locally and for large scale and finding an indicator to pinpoint the flow regime from trickling to pulsing remains obscure, to assess the feasibility of getting such information the reactor bed was randomly packed with equal-sized spherical beads of 3 mm diameter. Gas and liquid holdup measurements and flow regime identification were achieved at various flow conditions from trickling to the pulsing regime by an optical probe method using time series processing method. This method is shown to be simple and efficient provides quantitative information about the gas and liquid holdup variation in different flow regime. The various experimental results were compared to available literature models and correlations for confrontation and recommendations. The trickle-to-pulse flow transition boundary shifted towards higher gas and liquid superficial velocities, aligning with the findings on a variation of holdup along the axial direction confirmed to broaden the trickle flow domain.
[Correction added after online publication June 26, 2015: To unify the adjective everywhere in this manuscript, optic fiber probe was changed to optical probe.]
Antihistamine from Tragia involucrata L. leaves
Authors: Alagar Yadav Sangilimuthu , Ramalingam Sathishkumar , Jabamalai Raj Anitha , Subban Ravi 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background: Synthetic antihistamine drugs cause various adverse effects to overcome these problems with natural phytomedicine or phytoconstituents.

Methods: Tragia involucrata leaves were extracted with soxhlet apparatus and fractionated with column chromatography the homogenized fractions were monitored with thin layer chromatography (TLC) and characterized by using UV-visible, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS spectral studies. Isolated compounds were screened their antihistamine activity on ileum preparation, bronchoconstriction and triple response on histamine-induced guinea pig.

Results: Antihistamine 5-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-2-one has been isolated and characterized from the leaves of Tragia involucrata L. A promising muscle relaxant, bronchorelaxant and anti-allergic effect of 5-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-2-one was observed in histamine-induced guinea pig and found to be 55.54±2.78% protection at the dose level of 12.5 mg/kg in bronchoconstriction effect and 49.05±2.45% protection in triple response. These findings were confirmed by in silico molecular docking also against histamine H1 receptor compared with chlorpheniramine maleate and mepyramine. This shows that the 5-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidine-2-one possess good inhibitory effect on histamine-induced guinea pig. The muscle relaxant, bronchodilating and anti-allergic potency of 5-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-2-one has been discussed in context with its probable profile as an anti-asthmatic agent from T. involucrata L. leaves.

Conclusions: We can conclude that isolated 5-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-2-one from T. involucrata L. has potent antihistamine agent on histamine-induced guinea pig.
Evaluation of a commercial LC-MS/MS assay for the quantification of ethyl glucuronide in urine for alcohol intake monitoring
Authors: Becker Susen , Brauer Romy , Böttcher Michael , Thiery Joachim , Ceglarek Uta 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background: A commercially available in vitro diagnostics (IVD)-approved mass spectrometric assay for the quantification of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) in urine (RECIPE Chemicals+Instruments GmbH, Munich, Germany) was verified for monitoring of recent alcohol intake after transplantation.

Methods: For sample preparation, 50 μL of urine sample was mixed with an isotope-labeled internal standard solution. After centrifugation, 5 μL of the supernatant was analyzed by LC-MS/MS in a total run time of 3 min. An API 6500 tandem mass spectrometer (AB SCIEX, Toronto, Canada) combined with a Shimadzu UFLC system (Duisburg, Germany) was applied.

Results: The limits of quantification for the commercial assay were 0.07 mg/L for EtG and 0.03 mg/L for EtS in urine. The coefficient of variation for both analytes was lower than 7% (within-day) and 15% (between-days). Accuracy ranged between 101 and 144% for samples from an external quality assurance program. The comparison of the commercial test kit and an established LC-MS/MS method showed a very good agreement for EtG (r=0.96) and EtS (r=0.97) over a broad urine concentration range.

Conclusions: The commercial IVD-certified LC-MS/MS assay is suitable for the analysis of EtG and EtS in human urine[0] to assess recent alcohol intake in transplant monitoring.
Large-Scale Land Acquisitions, Commitment Problems and International Law
Authors: Diergarten Yorck , Krieger Tim 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDeveloping countries with weak institutions often face severe commitment problems. International investors are reluctant to invest in these countries because their property rights are insufficiently protected. We argue that in order to overcome the commitment problem countries may subject investors’ rights protection to independent investment tribunals. These tribunals are known to strictly support property rights protection and to be reluctant to honor human rights considerations, although they might be applicable. This may explain why human rights of the local smallholders in large-scale land acquisitions are hardly protected in the Global South.
Tree selection by roosting bats in a European temperate lowland sub-Atlantic forest
Authors: Tillon Laurent , Bresso Katia , Aulagnier Stéphane 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTrees are the main roosts for several European bat species but forestry practices are most often detrimental for them. After checking for the presence or absence of bats in trees, we collected a number of variables to describe trees within a lowland sub-Atlantic oak-dominated forest. We modelled the usage of the trees by bats according to the main characteristics of trees (11 quantitative and 13 qualitative variables) with a logistical regression analysis. Our results show that the number of cavities in the tree is the main variable that induces the occupancy by bats. There is a “typical” lowland tree preferred by bats which is a healthy oak tree of large diameter. We finally provide some guidance for woodland managers to maintain bat roosts, including maintaining some trees of large diameter, protecting small areas of old trees with cavities).
Stealing Bread and Sleeping Beneath Bridges – Indirect Discrimination as Disadvantageous Equal Treatment
Authors: Thomsen Frej Klem 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The article analyses the concept of indirect discrimination, arguing first that existing conceptualizations are unsatisfactory and second that it is best understood as equal treatment that is disadvantageous to the discriminatees because of their group membership. I explore four ways of further refining the definition, arguing that only an added condition of moral wrongness is at once plausible and helpful, but that it entails a number of new problems that may outweigh its benefits. Finally, I suggest that the moral wrongness of indirect discrimination is best accounted for in terms of the harm it does to discriminatees and sketch three ways in which it may do so. I conclude that the analysis provides both a clearer understanding of the concept of indirect discrimination as well as indirect support for a harm-based account of the wrongness of discrimination, while suggesting that our moral obligations qua non-discrimination may be more extensive than is frequently assumed.