bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On D(j)-groups with an element of order $$p^{j+1}$$ for some prime p
Authors: Herzog Marcel , Longobardi Patrizia , Maj Mercede 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn element x of $$G^{*}$$

G

∗

will be called deficient if $$ \langle x\rangle < C_G(x)$$

⟨
x
⟩

<

C
G

(
x
)

and it will be called non-deficient if $$\langle x\rangle = C_G(x)$$

⟨
x
⟩

=

C
G

(
x
)

. If $$x\in G$$

x
∈
G

is deficient (non-deficient), then the conjugacy class $$x^G$$

x
G

of x in G will be also called deficient (non-deficient). Let j be a non-negative integer. We shall say that the group G has defect j, denoted by $$G\in D(j)$$

G
∈
D
(
j
)

or by the phrase “G is a D(j)-group", if exactlyj non-trivial conjugacy classes of G are deficient. This paper deals with groups G which belong to D(j) for some positive integerj and which contain an element x of order $$p^{j+1}$$

p

j
+
1

for some prime p. We determine all finite D(j)-groups. Then we prove that if such groups are locally graded, then they have to be finite.
4D fabrication of shape-changing systems for tissue engineering: state of the art and perspectives
Authors: Bonetti Lorenzo , Scalet Giulia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn recent years, four-dimensional (4D) fabrication has emerged as a powerful technology capable of revolutionizing the field of tissue engineering. This technology represents a shift in perspective from traditional tissue engineering approaches, which generally rely on static—or passive—structures (e.g., scaffolds, constructs) unable of adapting to changes in biological environments. In contrast, 4D fabrication offers the unprecedented possibility of fabricating complex designs with spatiotemporal control over structure and function in response to environment stimuli, thus mimicking biological processes. In this review, an overview of the state of the art of 4D fabrication technology for the obtainment of cellularized constructs is presented, with a focus on shape-changing soft materials. First, the approaches to obtain cellularized constructs are introduced, also describing conventional and non-conventional fabrication techniques with their relative advantages and limitations. Next, the main families of shape-changing soft materials, namely shape-memory polymers and shape-memory hydrogels are discussed and their use in 4D fabrication in the field of tissue engineering is described. Ultimately, current challenges and proposed solutions are outlined, and valuable insights into future research directions of 4D fabrication for tissue engineering are provided to disclose its full potential.
Large sieve inequalities for periods of Maass forms
Authors: Lekkas Dimitrios , Voskou Marios 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor $$\Gamma $$
Γ
a Fuchsian Group of the first kind, we obtain large sieve inequalities with weights the hyperbolic periods of Maass forms of even weight. This is inspired by work of Chamizo, who proved a large sieve inequality with weights values of Maass forms of weight 0. The motivation is applications in counting problems in $$\Gamma _1 \backslash \Gamma /\Gamma _2$$

Γ
1

\
Γ
/

Γ
2

, where $$\Gamma _1$$

Γ
1

, $$\Gamma _2$$

Γ
2

are hyperbolic subgroups of $$\Gamma $$
Γ
.
Early Childhood Sleep Difficulties and Middle Childhood Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology Among Children with Histories of Early Adversity
Authors: Lee Amy Hyoeun , Bernard Kristin , Dozier Mary 
Published: August 2024

Abstract Children who have experienced adversity, including abuse and neglect, are at elevated risk for both sleep problems and psychopathology. Sleep disturbance may be one pathway by which early adversity confers risk for psychopathology. Previous studies with such children have found associations between sleep difficulties and internalizing and externalizing problems in early childhood, and between sleep and externalizing problems in middle childhood. Here, we sought to examine the links between early childhood sleep difficulties and middle childhood internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in children with histories of early adversity followed longitudinally. Participants were 153 children (44% female) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of an early childhood parenting intervention following involvement with child protective services. Caregivers reported on children’s sleep difficulties at ages 2, 3, and 4 and children’s internalizing and externalizing problems at ages 8, 9, and 10. Using a structural equation modeling approach, we found that mean levels of early childhood sleep difficulties were significantly and positively associated with internalizing, β = .449, p = .010, 95% CI [.106, .792], but not with externalizing, β = .229, p = .137, 95% CI [-.072, .529], problems in middle childhood, controlling for sex, age 4 psychopathology, and caregiver depression. Findings extend prior work demonstrating associations between sleep problems and psychopathology among children with histories of early adversity. More research is needed to elucidate the potential role of sleep difficulties in the development of internalizing problems in this population.
Alteration of stress-physiological mechanisms in sRNA-treated sweet corn plants during MDMV infection
Authors: Balassa Kinga , Balassa György , Rudnóy Szabolcs 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMaize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) can significantly reduce the growth and development of susceptible varieties of sweet corn. The virus utilises the energy and reserve sources of plant cells to ensure its reproduction in the microspaces formed by cell membranes. Therefore, the severity of stress can be monitored by examining certain physiological changes, for example, changes in the degree of membrane damage caused by lipid peroxidation, as well as changes in the amount of photosynthetic pigments. The activation of antioxidant enzymes (e.g. ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione reductase) and the accumulation of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties can indirectly protect against the oxidative stress caused by the presence of the positive orientation, single-stranded RNA-virus. This study demonstrates the changes in these physiological processes in a sweet corn hybrid (Zea mays cv. saccharata var. Honey Koern.) susceptible to MDMV infection, and suggests that exogenous small RNA treatment can mitigate the damage caused by virus infection.
A diffusion-based integrative approach for culturing previously uncultured bacteria from marine sediments
Authors: Ahmad Tariq , Ishaq Sidra Erum , Liang Lewen , Xie Ruize , Wang Yinzhao , Wang Fengping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTraditional cultivation methods with defined growth media can only isolate and cultivate a small number of microbes. However, much higher microbial diversity has been detected by cultivation-independent tools from a range of natural ecosystems. These represent a large unexplored pool of potentially novel taxa. In this study, a diffusion-based integrative cultivation approach (DICA) was developed to efficiently isolate novel taxonomic candidates from marine sediment. DICA combined a newly designed diffusion-based apparatus called a “microbial aquarium” with modified low-nutrient media. To determine the efficiency of DICA, cultivation results were compared with traditional cultivation approach (TCA). Both cultivation approaches resulted in the isolation of numerous representatives from the phyla Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, Bacteroidota, and Bacillota. However, the newly developed DICA also led to the successful cultivation of species from rarely cultivated phyla such as Verrucomicrobiota and Balneolota. Based on 16S rRNA analyses, the application of DICA resulted in the successful cultivation of 115 previously uncultured taxa out of a total of 196 isolates. Among these, 39 were identified at the genus level and 4 at the family level, showcasing a novelty ratio of 58%. Conversely, the TCA cultivated 12% (20/165) of novel isolates, with all at species level only. The isolated microbial diversity showed that species recovered by DICA belong to 12 different classes, twice the number produced by TCA. Overall, these results demonstrate that the newly designed DICA produces a high recovery of diverse and previously uncultured bacteria.
Effect of Er:YAG laser surface treatment on surface properties and shear-bond strength of resin-cement to three translucent zirconia: an in-vitro study
Authors: Abdullah Hager , Abdulsamee Nagy , Farouk Hanaa , Saba Dalia A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAchieving optimal bonding to translucent zirconia poses certain challenges as there is no consensus on ideal surface treatment method. Therefore, the aim of present investigation is to evaluate effect of Er:YAG laser treatment on wettability, surface roughness and shear-bond strength of three Yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium-oxide polycrystal translucent zirconias. 120 specimens (n = 40/zirconia type) were prepared from three commercially-available translucent zirconias (Dentsply Sirona, USA); Translucent, High-Translucent and Ultra-Translucent zirconia. Specimens were sub-divided (n = 20/surface-treatment) into control and Er:YAG laser surface-treated groups. Regarding water wettability test; goniometer was used to measure contact angle before and after laser treatment. Surface roughness was measured using atomic force microscope. For shear-bond strength (SBS) test; the control group was sandblasted. All resin-bonded zirconia specimens were thermocycled for 5000 cycle and subjected to shear force using universal testing machine with 0.5 mm/min crosshead-speed. Results were statistically analyzed using two-way-analysis-of- variance (p ≤ 0.05). There was significant decrease in average contact angles (p-value < 0.001) in all zirconia groups after laser treatment. For roughness test; insignificant difference in average Ra in Translucent zirconia group. However, significant increase in mean Ra was revealed after laser treatment for High and Ultra-Translucent zirconias. For SBS test, results revealed insignificant difference in average bond strength after laser treatment in Translucent and High-translucent zirconia groups. Significant increase in mean bond strength of Ultra-Translucent zirconia was recorded. Er: YAG laser treatment significantly affected surface properties and shear-bond strength of Ultra-Translucent zirconia. Er:YAG laser irradiation may be a promising zirconia surface treatment method.
Graphical Abstract
Tribute to Michael O’Rourke (1937–2024): A Collective Tribute to a Colleague, Friend and Mentor
Authors: Avolio Alberto , Gow Barry , Nichols Wilmer , Winter Dean , Hayward Christopher , Gallagher David , Cockcroft John , Adji Audrey , Hashimoto Junichiro , Vlachopoulos Charalambos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A collective tribute to a colleague, friend, and mentor from those that have known him through his journey of the meanderings of the arterial pulse in health and disease; a journey that extended beyond borders and confines, with far-reaching personal and global impact. The Editorial Board of the Artery Research Journal and the Executive Committee of the Artery Society extend their due respects to Prof. Michael O’Rourke.
Variations in source-specific soil organic matter components across 32 forest sites in China
Authors: Sun Guodong , Wang Mengke , Zhang Qiang , Wang Yinghui , Yang Yuanxi , Xu Shan , Wang Junjian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractForest soils store substantial amounts of carbon in various soil organic matter (SOM) components due to high plant litter inputs and active microbial turnover. However, the variations in plant- and microbial-derived SOM components in surface and subsurface forest soils across a wide geographic scale remain poorly understood. This study investigated the SOM components from aboveground and belowground plant inputs and fungal and bacterial necromass in surface (soil0–5 cm) and subsurface (soil5–10 cm) soils across 32 forest sites in China and analyzed their relationships with climate and edaphic factors. Compared to soil0–5 cm, soil5–10 cm exhibited lower soil organic carbon content and cutin biomarker concentration but higher concentrations of fungal necromass carbon and lignin phenols. Higher mean annual precipitation led to higher concentrations of cutin and suberin biomarkers in soil0–5 cm and soil5–10 cm, respectively. Higher soil organic carbon content was associated with lower plant-derived lignin biomarkers, higher lignin oxidation degrees, and increased microbial necromass-derived amino sugars across sites, highlighting the pivotal role of microbial necromass in SOM stabilization. Additionally, both fungal and bacterial necromass decreased with increasing mineral weathering across sites. These insights improve the understanding of environmental drivers of source-specific carbon storage in forest soils.
Graphical Abstract
Legal changes: ecosystem health and the redefinition of sustainability in the Green Deal
Authors: Chiti Edoardo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis contribution to the Symposium on Ecosystem Restoration and EU Law is concerned with the changing features of sustainability. It argues that the Commission is gradually articulating, next to the consolidated objective of sustainable development, an ecological understanding of sustainability. It discusses the meaning and relevance of such new understanding, by asking how ecological sustainability is formulated as a policy objective and jurified in the legislation stemming from the Green Deal. It then reflects on the distinction between ecological sustainability and sustainable development. The contribution finally presents some thoughts on the relevance that the ongoing process of complication of the legal construction of sustainability may have for the Green Deal.
Carbon removals, ecosystems and the European Green Deal
Authors: Bogojević Sanja 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRestoring ecosystems and enhancing biodiversity is one of many regulatory ambitions under the European Green Deal. The motivations to do so include, but are not limited to, enabling carbon removal by capturing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in land. The business model of such schemes is to help the EU and its Member States meet their climate obligations whilst safeguarding biodiversity, and when relevant, enable sustainable agricultural practices by creating transferable carbon credits awarded to land managers pursuing such practices. The idea of introducing market-based mechanisms in the management of ecosystem services is not a novelty, but the increasing prominence of carbon removals in the European Green Deal and its related legislative actions warrants careful consideration of legal quandaries about how such removals are to be carried out, why, where and by whom.
Reordering the European ground – regrounding the European legal order?
Authors: Petersmann Marie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis contribution to the Symposium on Ecosystem Restoration and EU Law assesses the underground protection schemes suggested by the European Green Deal (EGD) for the European Union (EU). By addressing the overground bias that environmental laws and policies have traditionally suffered from, the analysis engages with the EU Soil Strategy for 2030, its ‘Mission “A Soil Deal for Europe”’, and the proposed 2023 Soil Monitoring Directive. The Article explores how and to what extent this agenda for the preservation and restoration of soils is legally reordering the European ground and, simultaneously, how and to what extent it is regrounding the European legal order.
Debating the domus ecclesiae at Dura-Europos: the Christian Building in context
Authors: Angelo Camille Leon , Silver Joshua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAt Dura-Europos, homes were architecturally adapted across the late 2nd and 3rd c. CE by different religious groups to serve the needs of their communities. Although the Synagogue, Mithraeum, and Christian Building all began as domestic structures and share a similar architectural development, the origins of the latter have received unique attention through its classification as a domus ecclesiae or house church. This (hyper)focus on the structure's past use as a house does not do full justice to the archaeology of the building. Through an analysis of architectural adaptations, including before-and-after 3D reconstructions and daylight simulations, the authors show how the renovations significantly differentiated the Christian Building from its domestic antecedent and from Dura's houses more broadly. This approach is meant to shift attention away from more generalized, translocal, evolutionary models of Christian architectural development to micro-level archaeological analysis that situates structures within the spatial vernacular of their local contexts.
Formation of an Extended Equatorial Shadow Zone for Low‐Frequency Saturn Kilometric Radiation
Authors: Wu Siyuan , Ye Shengyi , Taubenschuss Ulrich , Fischer Georg , Jackman Caitriona M. , Zarka Philippe , Kurth William S. , Wang Mengmeng , Cecconi Baptiste , Ning Hao , Long Minyi , Baskevitch Claire 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSaturn Kilometric Radiation (SKR), being the dominant radio emission at Saturn, has been extensively investigated. The low‐frequency extension of SKR is of particular interest due to its strong association with Saturn's magnetospheric dynamics. However, the highly anisotropic beaming of SKR poses challenges for observations. In most cases, the propagation of SKR is assumed to follow straight‐line paths. We explore the propagation characteristics of SKR across different frequencies in this study. An extended equatorial shadow region for low‐frequency SKR is identified, resulting from the merging of the Enceladus plasma torus and the previously known equatorial shadow zone. Ray‐tracing simulations reveal that low‐frequency (100 kHz) SKR is unable to enter the shadow region and is instead reflected toward high latitudes. In contrast, high‐frequency SKR (100 kHz) generally propagates without hindrance. Observations suggest that some low‐frequency SKR can enter the shadow region through reflection by the magnetosheath or leakage from the plasma torus.
Reconstructing and Mapping Annual Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Since 1940 Using Tree Rings in Southern Indiana, U.S.
Authors: Li Hang , Speer James H. , Thapa Ichchha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVegetation absorption is one major form of carbon storage. The earliest spatial distribution of the Net Primary Production (NPP), an index to estimate how much carbon is absorbed, could extend back to the 1980s from satellite imagery. Our study reconstructed a time series annual NPP maps in the southern Indiana since 1940 with point‐by‐point regression models and ring‐width index (RWI) from 16 tree‐ring chronologies. Our RWI‐NPP model had a good performance using Random Forest (RF) regression comprehensively considering both normal and dry years. The RWI‐NPP model performance gap between forest and grassland is acceptable. We also found that the tendency (model of the tendency = −0.50) based on the combination of real NPP data and simulated NPP data were opposite to the one (slope = 18.70) only based on real NPP data where the extended data set could correct some bias caused by limited data. There is a huge NPP fluctuation in the recent years (2010–2013) which is highly likely to be caused by the combination of higher frequency of extreme climate events and the intensive land‐use and land‐cover change. We assume that most of the vegetation pixels had the same growing pattern with the plot in Morgan Monroe Flux Tower whose dominant species is ACSH (35.66%) or the plot in Hoot Woods whose dominant species is FRAM (34.41%). This study is novel in the assessment of the spatial distribution patterns of NPP since 1940. We can witness how the NPP changes within the last 70 years.
Reconstructing Redox Landscape With Coupled Nitrogen‐Sulfur Isotopes: A Case Study From Middle‐Late Triassic Chang 7 Member of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin (North China)
Authors: Wang Xubin , Dong Lin , Li Tong , Ling Kun , Zhang Changhu , Bin Yijie , Wang Ziyi , Jin Zhijun , Fu Jinhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEuxinia, a crucial geological condition, usually signifies more severe extinction events attributed to deoxygenation in Earth's history. Despite extensive exploration of various proxies in paleoredox studies, most are primarily utilized to reconstruct atmospheric pO2, the proportion of anoxic water relative to the entire basin, and broader trends in redox states. Few, however, hold the capacity to precisely delineate local euxinia within confined areas. To address this gap and gain insights into the temporal and spatial extent of benthic euxinia, we propose leveraging the synergistic analysis of total nitrogen isotopes (δ15NTN) and pyrite sulfur isotopes (δ34Spy). Our study focuses on the Triassic Chang 7 Member from the Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, North China. Through coupling the δ15NTN and δ34Spy systematics on 11 drill cores within the Ordos Basin, we reconstruct the temporal and spatial distribution of the benthic euxinia zone during the Chang‐7 period. Our results suggest strong spatial heterogeneity of benthic redox conditions, with the euxinia boundary shifting from the central lake to the southwestern sections. Moreover, we identify redox‐controlling factors, including organic carbon loading, water depth, and potential water circulation, and evaluate their interplay with benthic euxinia. Furthermore, the discernment of water circulation patterns may provide an innovative approach to restore the paleowind direction. These findings highlight the effectiveness of coupling δ15NTN and δ34Spy in reconstructing the local benthic redox landscape of benthic environments, and enrich our understanding of biogeochemical processes.
A Comparison of Regression Methods for Inferring Near‐Surface NO2 With Satellite Data
Authors: Kim Eliot J. , Holloway Tracey , Kokandakar Ajinkya , Harkey Monica , Elkins Stephanie , Goldberg Daniel L. , Heck Colleen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an atmospheric pollutant emitted from anthropogenic and natural sources. Human exposure to high NO2 concentrations causes cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses. The Environmental Protection Agency operates ground monitors across the U.S. which take hourly measurements of NO2 concentrations, providing precise measurements for assessing human pollution exposure but with sparse spatial distribution. Satellite‐based instruments capture NO2 amounts through the atmospheric column with global coverage at regular spatial resolution, but do not directly measure surface NO2. This study compares regression methods using satellite NO2 data from the TROPospheric Ozone Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) to estimate annual surface NO2 concentrations in varying geographic and land use settings across the continental U.S. We then apply the best‐performing regression models to estimate surface NO2 at 0.01° by 0.01° resolution, and we term this estimate as quasi‐NO2 (qNO2). qNO2 agrees best with measurements at suburban sites (cross‐validation (CV) R2 = 0.72) and away from major roads (CV R2 = 0.75). Among U.S. regions, qNO2 agrees best with measurements in the Midwest (CV R2 = 0.89) and agrees least in the Southwest (CV R2 = 0.65). To account for the non‐Gaussian distribution of TROPOMI NO2, we apply data transforms, with the Anscombe transform yielding highest agreement across the continental U.S. (CV R2 = 0.77). The interpretability, minimal computational cost, and health relevance of qNO2 facilitates use of satellite data in a wide range of air quality applications.