bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of a case of feline baclofen toxicosis with intravenous lipid therapy
Authors: Edwards Paul , Shihab Nadia , Scott Harry W. 
Published: August 2014

Baclofen (γ‐amino‐β‐[p‐chlorophenyl]‐butyric acid) is a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant that is frequently used in people. Baclofen toxicosis has previously been successfully treated in cats via supportive therapy alone, whereas administration of an intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been reported as an adjunct to supportive therapy in dogs with baclofen toxicosis. This case report presents a cat that became severely stuporous following ingestion of baclofen (10 mg/kg) and was successfully treated with administration of ILE without any apparent side effects. The cat received a 1.5 ml/kg bolus of a 20 per cent lipid emulsion intravenously followed by a constant rate infusion (CRI) of 15 ml/kg/hour. Approximately one hour following initiation of the CRI, the cat became acutely more responsive. Intravenous lipid therapy may be a useful adjunct to conventional treatment in cases of feline baclofen toxicosis and other lipophilic drug toxicoses.
Crenosoma vulpisinfection in two young dogs in Belgium
Authors: Caron Yannick , Merveille Anne‐Christine , Losson Bertrand , Billen Frederic 
Published: August 2014

Two dogs were presented for chronic cough unresponsive to long‐term treatment. Thoracic radiograph revealed diffuse bronchial pattern. Bronchoscopy revealed moving worms in the airway lumen, further identified as adults ofCrenosoma vulpis.Additionally bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis and Baermann faecal analysis revealed the presence of larvae with a morphology compatible withC. vulpisfirst‐stage larvae. In one dog, a first treatment with oral fenbendazole at 50 mg/kg during seven days failed to cure the infection then a single topical application of 10 per cent imidacloprid +2.5 per cent moxidectin at 0.1 ml/kg was given and was effective. The other dog was successfully treated with two administrations of milbemycin oxime at one‐month interval. This lungworm infection might be underdiagnosed and should be excluded before initiating a long‐term corticosteroid therapy. To the author's knowledge, this is the first timeC. vulpisinfection is reported in dogs in Belgium.
Compaction creep of simulated anhydrite fault gouge by pressure solution: theory v. experiments and implications for fault sealing
Authors: Pluymakers A. M. H. , Spiers C. J. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

The sealing and healing behaviour of faults filled with anhydrite gouge, by processes such as pressure solution, is of interest in relation both to the integrity of faults cutting geological storage systems sealed by anhydrite caprocks and to seismic events that may nucleate in anhydrite-bearing sequences, such as those present in the seismogenic zone beneath the Apennines. We have developed a detailed series of kinetic models for pressure solution in anhydrite fault gouge, allowing for dissolution, diffusion and precipitation control, to estimate the time scale on which such sealing and healing effects occur. We compare the models obtained with previously reported experimental data on compaction creep rates in simulated anhydrite fault gouge, tested under wet, upper crustal conditions. The results confirm earlier indications that compaction under these conditions likely occurs by diffusion-controlled pressure solution. Applying our most rigorous model for diffusion-controlled pressure solution, constrained by the fit to the experimental data, we infer that anhydrite fault sealing will occur in a few decades at most, which is rapid compared with both CO
2
storage time scales and with the recurrence interval for seismicity in the Apennines.
An Analysis of theMalasseziaSpecies Distribution in the Skin of Patients with Pityriasis Versicolor in Chengdu, China
Authors: Xie Zhen , Ran Yuping , Zhang Hao , Zhang Min , Wan Huiying , Li Conghui 
Published: August 2014

Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a common clinical problem associated withMalasseziaspecies (Malasseziaspp.). Controversies remain regarding the specific species involved in the development of PV. This study analyzed the difference inMalasseziaspp. distribution in lesional and nonlesional skin in Chinese PV patients. A paired design was applied. Lesional and nonlesional scales from 24 cases were collected; real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect 10 differentMalasseziaspp. In lesional skin, the highest detection rates were forM. globosa(95.8%),M. restricta(91.7%), andM. sympodialis(50.0%). In nonlesional skin, the highest detection rates were forM. globosa(87.5%),M. restricta(79.2%), andM. dermatis(33.3%). A significant difference in the detection rate was only found forM. sympodialis(50.8% versus 20.8%,P=0.04). Compared with nonlesional skin, the amount ofM. globosa,M. restricta, andM. sympodialisin lesional skin was significantly higher(3.8±1.3,   2.5±1.1, and3.2±1.6times higher, resp.). The results of this study do not indicate thatM. globosaandM. restrictaare directly correlated with PV development; however,M. sympodialisis more likely related to PV development in Chinese individuals.
Preoperative Predictors of Ambulation Ability at Different Time Points after Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients with Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kamimura Akiko , Sakakima Harutoshi , Tsutsumi Fumio , Sunahara Nobuhiko 
Published: August 2014

The aims of this study were to identify the preoperative factors influencing ambulation ability at different postoperative time points after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and to examine the cutoff values of predictive preoperative factors by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Forty-eight women with unilateral THA were measured for hip extensor, hip abductor, and knee extensor muscle strength in both legs; hip pain (visual analog scale, VAS); and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test pre- and postoperatively. Multiple regression analysis indicated that preoperative knee extensor strength(β=-0.379,R2=0.409)at 3 weeks, hip abductor strength(β=-0.572,R2=0.570)at 4 months, and age(β=0.758,R2= 0.561)at 7 months were strongly associated with postoperative ambulation, measured using the TUG test. Optimal preoperative cutoff values for ambulation ability were 0.56 Nm/kg for knee extensor strength, 0.24 Nm/kg for hip abductor strength, and 73 years of age. Our results suggest that preoperative factors predicting ambulation ability vary by postoperative time point. Preoperative knee extensor strength, hip abductor strength, and age were useful predictors of ambulation ability at the early, middle, and late time points, respectively, after THA.
Sequential Analysis of Oxidative Stress Markers and Vitamin C Status in Acute Bacterial Osteomyelitis
Authors: Grbic Rade , Miric Dijana J , Kisic Bojana , Popovic Ljiljana , Nestorovic Vojkan , Vasic Aleksandar 
Published: August 2014

In bacterial bone infections, excessively formed oxidants may result in local and systemic oxidative stress. Vitamin C is the major extracellular nonenzymatic antioxidant, also implicated in bone cells metabolism and viability. The physiological functions of vitamin C largely depend on its redox status. We sequentially assessed oxidative stress markers, hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant activity (AOA), total vitamin C, ascorbic acid (Asc), and oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio in 137 patients with acute osteomyelitis (OM). Compared to 52 healthy controls, in OM group baseline serum hydroperoxides, MDA and oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio were higher whilst Asc and AOA were lower (P < 0.05, resp.). On the other side, total vitamin C levels in patients and controls were similar(P > 0.05), thereby suggesting a relative rather than absolute vitamin C deficiency in OM. During the follow-up, oxidative stress markers, AOA, and oxidizedreduced vitamin C ratio were gradually returned to normal, while there was no apparent change of total vitamin C concentrations. Persistently high values of oxidized/reduced vitamin C ratio and serum MDA were found in subacute OM. In conclusion, acute OM was associated with enhanced systemic oxidative stress and the shift of vitamin C redox status towards oxidized forms.
A Comprehensive DNA Methylation Profile of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Carmona F. Javier , Davalos Veronica , Vidal Enrique , Gomez Antonio , Heyn Holger , Hashimoto Yutaka , Vizoso Miguel , Martinez-Cardus Anna , Sayols Sergi , Ferreira Humberto J. , Sánchez-Mut Jose V. , Morán Sebastián , Margelí Mireia , Castella Eva , Berdasco Maria , Stefansson Olafur A. , Eyfjord Jorunn E. , Gonzalez-Suarez Eva , Dopazo Joaquín , Orozco Modesto , Gut Ivo G. , Esteller Manel 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a plastic process in which fully differentiated epithelial cells are converted into poorly differentiated, migratory and invasive mesenchymal cells, and it has been related to the metastasis potential of tumors. This is a reversible process and cells can also eventually undergo mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. The existence of a dynamic EMT process suggests the involvement of epigenetic shifts in the phenotype. Herein, we obtained the DNA methylomes at single-base resolution of Madin–Darby canine kidney cells undergoing EMT and translated the identified differentially methylated regions to human breast cancer cells undergoing a gain of migratory and invasive capabilities associated with the EMT phenotype. We noticed dynamic and reversible changes of DNA methylation, both on promoter sequences and gene-bodies in association with transcription regulation of EMT-related genes. Most importantly, the identified DNA methylation markers of EMT were present in primary mammary tumors in association with the epithelial or the mesenchymal phenotype of the studied breast cancer samples. Cancer Res; 74(19); 5608–19. ©2014 AACR.
Aurora-A Inhibition Offers a Novel Therapy Effective against Intracranial Glioblastoma
Authors: Van Brocklyn James R. , Wojton Jeffrey , Meisen Walter H. , Kellough David A. , Ecsedy Jeffery A. , Kaur Balveen , Lehman Norman L. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Glioblastoma remains a devastating disease for which novel therapies are urgently needed. Here, we report that the Aurora-A kinase inhibitor alisertib exhibits potent efficacy against glioblastoma neurosphere tumor stem–like cells in vitro and in vivo. Many glioblastoma neurosphere cells treated with alisertib for short periods undergo apoptosis, although some regain proliferative activity upon drug removal. Extended treatment, however, results in complete and irreversible loss of tumor cell proliferation. Moreover, alisertib caused glioblastoma neurosphere cells to partially differentiate and enter senescence. These effects were also observed in glioma cells treated with the Aurora-A inhibitor TC-A2317 or anti–Aurora-A siRNA. Furthermore, alisertib extended median survival of mice bearing intracranial human glioblastoma neurosphere tumor xenografts. Alisertib exerted similar effects on glioblastoma neurosphere cells in vivo and resulted in markedly reduced activated phosphoThr288Aurora-A and increased abnormal mitoses and cellular ploidy, consistent with on-target activity. Our results offer preclinical proof-of-concept for alisertib as a new therapeutic for glioma treatment. Cancer Res; 74(19); 5364–70. ©2014 AACR.
Overexpression of Smad7 Blocks Primary Tumor Growth and Lung Metastasis Development in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Lamora Audrey , Talbot Julie , Bougras Gwenola , Amiaud Jérôme , Leduc Marion , Chesneau Julie , Taurelle Julien , Stresing Verena , Le Deley Marie Cécile , Heymann Marie Françoise , Heymann Dominique , Redini Françoise , Verrecchia Franck 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Purpose: Osteosarcoma is the main malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents for whom the prognosis remains poor, especially when metastasis is present at diagnosis. Because transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) has been shown to promote metastasis in many solid tumors, we investigated the effect of the natural TGFβ/Smad signaling inhibitor Smad7 and the TβRI inhibitor SD-208 on osteosarcoma behavior.
Experimental Design: By using a mouse model of osteosarcoma induced by paratibial injection of cells, we assessed the impact of Smad7 overexpression or SD-208 on tumor growth, tumor microenvironment, bone remodeling, and metastasis development.
Results: First, we demonstrated that TGFβ levels are higher in serum samples from patients with osteosarcoma compared with healthy volunteers and that TGFβ/Smad3 signaling pathway is activated in clinical samples. Second, we showed that Smad7 slows the growth of the primary tumor and increases mice survival. We furthermore demonstrated that Smad7 expression does not affect in vitro osteosarcoma cell proliferation but affects the microarchitectural parameters of bone. In addition, Smad7-osteosarcoma bone tumors expressed lower levels of osteolytic factors such as RANKL, suggesting that Smad7 overexpression affects the “vicious cycle” established between tumor cells and bone cells by its ability to decrease osteoclast activity. Finally, we showed that Smad7 overexpression in osteosarcoma cells and the treatment of mice with SD208 inhibit the development of lung metastasis.
Conclusion: Taken together, these results demonstrate that the inhibition of the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy against tumor progression of osteosarcoma, specifically against the development of lung metastasis. Clin Cancer Res; 20(19); 5097–112. ©2014 AACR.
Right Ventricular Dysfunction Predisposes to Inducible Ventricular Tachycardia at Electrophysiology Studies in Patients With Acute ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Authors: Thakkar Jay B. , Zaman Sarah , Byth Karen , Narayan Arun , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Chow Clara , Thomas Stuart P. , Sivagangabalan Gopal , Farlow David , Barnett Robert , Kovoor Pramesh 
Published: August 2014

Background—
Inducible ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a strong predictor of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmia following ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) predisposes patients to inducible VT after ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. However, the role of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in predisposing to inducible VT has not been described previously.

Methods and Results—

Consecutive patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention underwent predischarge radionuclide gated heart pool scan to assess ventricular EF. The study cohort included patients with reduced left ventricular EF (left ventricular EF ≤40%) who underwent electrophysiology study (n=220) in an attempt to induce VT. We defined RV dysfunction as RVEF ≤35%. The end point was sustained monomorphic VT (cycle length ≥200 ms). This was considered a positive study. No inducible arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation, or flutter (cycle length <200 ms) was considered a negative study. Infarct region, infarct-related artery, male sex, and RVEF ≤35% were univariable predictors of positive test. After multivariable analysis, RVEF ≤35% had the strongest association as an independent predictor of inducible VT at electrophysiology study (
P
<0.001; odds ratio, 5.8; 95% confidence interval, 3.005–11.262).

Conclusions—
RV dysfunction (RVEF ≤35%) predisposed to inducible VT at electrophysiology study in patients with impaired left ventricular EF (≤40%) after acute ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Risk factors for child maltreatment recurrence: An updated systematic review
Authors: White Oliver G , Hindley Nick , Jones David PH 
Published: August 2014

Objectives Children who have been maltreated are at increased risk of further maltreatment. Identification of those at highest risk of further maltreatment is a priority for professionals working in child protection services. The current study is intended to consolidate and expand on previous work on recurrence of child maltreatment. It has sought to identify risk factors for maltreatment recurrence in the recent literature in the expectation that this may help in the practical identification of children at risk. Methods We conducted a systematic review of cohort studies published between 2003 and 2009, identifying factors associated with maltreatment recurrence in children. Studies included demonstrated differing levels of substantiation of maltreatment. Results Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria but showed significant heterogeneity, varying in setting, recruitment of subjects, types of maltreatment considered and length of follow-up. Previous findings were replicated and expanded in the current study in relation to a range of factors, including rates of maltreatment recurrence, maltreatment types, frequency of previous episodes of maltreatment, child and family considerations, home environment and service provision. Factors were identified irrespective of level of maltreatment substantiation. Conclusion This study provides further systematic evidence of the existence of a number of factors associated with child maltreatment recurrence. It points to the possibility of practical application of its findings within the wider context of decision making in child protection services, with the ultimate aim of reducing recurrence of maltreatment in individual cases.
Preemptive Submucosal Infiltration with Ropivacaine for Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Authors: Li Li , Feng Jie , Xie Shu‐hua , Geng Li‐cheng 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate the preemptive analgesic effect of submucosal infiltration of ropivacaine for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.Study DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingComprehensive clinical center and academic hospital.Subjects and MethodsFifty consecutive male patients scheduled for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty were divided randomly into group A and group B. In group A, 4 mL of 0.33% ropivacaine and normal saline with epinephrine was preincisionally injected under the mucosa on both sides of the tonsillar fossa, soft palate, and the lower part of palatoglossal arch, whereas the upper and middle parts of the palatoglossal arch and the upper part of the palatopharyngeal arch were infiltrated with 2 mL of the same mixture. In group B, an identical volume of normal saline with epinephrine was administered. In both groups, postoperative pain was initially controlled by intravenous morphine titration until patient‐controlled analgesia with morphine could be used. Cumulative patient‐controlled analgesic morphine consumption; visual analog scale scores at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively at rest and during swallowing; and opioid‐related adverse effects were recorded.ResultsThe visual analog score was lower at rest during the 48‐hour postoperative period and during swallowing within the first 12 hours for group A versus group B (P <. 05). Patients in group A required 44.1%, 38.2%, and 41.1% less morphine during the first 24 hours, 24 hours to 48 hours, and 48 hours postoperatively, respectively, and fewer patients experienced nausea, vomiting, and pruritus (P <. 05).ConclusionPreemptive submucosal infiltration with 0.33% ropivacaine effectively controlled pain after uvulopalato‐pharyngoplasty.
Thickness of soft tissue of lower extremities measured with magnetic resonance imaging as a new indicator for staging unilateral secondary lower extremity lymphedema
Authors: Li Yulai , Lu Qing , Chen Tian-wu , Yao Yuan , Zhao Zizhou , Li Yang , Xu Jianrong , Hu Jiani , Haacke Mark 
Published: August 2014

Background Chronic progressive swelling of the lower extremity due to secondary lower extremity lymphedema (LEL) can affect a patient’s quality of life, both physically and psychologically. A feasible and reproducible method for detecting and staging LEL will facilitate decision-making about appropriate management strategies. Purpose To determine whether the thickness of the soft tissues of the lower extremities, measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), could stage unilateral secondary LEL. Material and Methods Seventy-two women with unilateral LEL and 22 participants without LEL underwent lower extremity MRI after treatment of uterine malignancies. LEL was classified clinically as stage 0, 1, 2, or 3. On fat-suppressed T2-weighted mid-axial images of calves and thighs, the total thickness of the soft tissue (TT), muscle thickness (MT), subcutaneous tissue thickness (STT), and the differences in TT (DTT), MT (DMT), and STT (DSTT) values and corresponding measurements in the contralateral lower extremity, were obtained and analyzed statistically for staging LEL. Results There was a trend for the TT and STT of the affected calf and thigh to increase with increasing LEL stage. These parameters were strongly and moderately correlated with LEL stage, respectively ( P < 0.001). Both the DTT and DSTT of the calves or thighs were strongly correlated with LEL stage ( P < 0.001). Among the parameters, the DSTT of the calves could best stage LEL, with an area under the receiver operating curve of more than 0.89. Conclusion The DSTT of the calves could be recommended as an informative indicator for staging LEL.
A Brief Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Assessment to Evaluate Concussions
Authors: Mucha Anne , Collins Michael W. , Elbin R.J. , Furman Joseph M. , Troutman-Enseki Cara , DeWolf Ryan M. , Marchetti Greg , Kontos Anthony P. 
Published: August 2014

Background: Vestibular and ocular motor impairments and symptoms have been documented in patients with sport-related concussions. However, there is no current brief clinical screen to assess and monitor these issues. Purpose: To describe and provide initial data for the internal consistency and validity of a brief clinical screening tool for vestibular and ocular motor impairments and symptoms after sport-related concussions. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Sixty-four patients, aged 13.9 ± 2.5 years and seen approximately 5.5 ± 4.0 days after a sport-related concussion, and 78 controls were administered the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) assessment, which included 5 domains: (1) smooth pursuit, (2) horizontal and vertical saccades, (3) near point of convergence (NPC) distance, (4) horizontal vestibular ocular reflex (VOR), and (5) visual motion sensitivity (VMS). Participants were also administered the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS). Results: Sixty-one percent of patients reported symptom provocation after at least 1 VOMS item. All VOMS items were positively correlated to the PCSS total symptom score. The VOR (odds ratio [OR], 3.89; P < .001) and VMS (OR, 3.37; P < .01) components of the VOMS were most predictive of being in the concussed group. An NPC distance ≥5 cm and any VOMS item symptom score ≥2 resulted in an increase in the probability of correctly identifying concussed patients of 38% and 50%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curves supported a model including the VOR, VMS, NPC distance, and ln(age) that resulted in a high predicted probability (area under the curve = 0.89) for identifying concussed patients. Conclusion: The VOMS demonstrated internal consistency as well as sensitivity in identifying patients with concussions. The current findings provide preliminary support for the utility of the VOMS as a brief vestibular/ocular motor screen after sport-related concussions. The VOMS may augment current assessment tools and may serve as a single component of a comprehensive approach to the assessment of concussions.