bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of cytology and mucin 2 in colorectal mucus collected from patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Results of a pilot trial
Authors: Loktionov Alexandre , Chhaya Vivek , Bandaletova Tatiana , Poullis Andrew 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackground and AimNon‐invasive diagnosis of colorectal disease remains problematic, fecal biomarkers presenting the only current option. Colorectal mucus is the diagnostically informative element of stool samples, but its separation from stool is difficult. We aimed to: (i) test a novel method of non‐invasive colorectal mucus sampling in a pilot clinical trial; (ii) evaluate sampling method acceptance by study participants; (iii) characterize the collected material cytologically; and (iv) assess feasibility of quantitative protein analysis in the samples.MethodsA total of 141 patients with IBD (58), IBS (50), and healthy controls (33) participated in the study. Samples rich in colorectal mucus were self‐collected by swabbing the anal area immediately following defecation. Collected samples were examined cytologically and subjected to quantitative analysis for total protein and mucin 2 (MUC2).ResultsThe novel sampling technique was assessed as “good” or “adequate” by 96% of study participants. A total of 55% of the collected samples were free of fecal contamination. Cytology showed large numbers of well preserved inflammatory cells in IBD cases. Total protein values varied in all groups, being affected by fecal contamination. MUC2 levels were similar among all IBD‐free individuals (control and IBS groups) and elevated in IBD patients (p < 0.001). MUC2 measurement applied as a test for IBD detection provided sensitivity = 72.4% and specificity = 86.7%.ConclusionsA novel non‐invasive method for collecting human colorectal mucus has been successfully tested. The method was very well accepted by trial participants. The results have proven high quality of collected samples for both cytological investigation and diagnostic biomarker analysis.
Changes in health‐related quality of life in older patients one year after an intensive care unit stay
Authors: Jeitziner Marie‐Madlen , Zwakhalen Sandra MG , Bürgin Reto , Hantikainen Virpi , Hamers Jan PH 
Published: August 2015

Aims and objectivesThis study investigates health‐related quality of life in older patients, over one year following an intensive care unit stay.BackgroundHealth‐related quality of life is an important outcome when assessing long‐term effectiveness of intensive care treatment, and to assist patients, their relatives and healthcare professionals in making treatment decisions.DesignProspective non‐randomised longitudinal study.MethodsThe Short Form Health Survey 36 was administered 1 week after an intensive care stay (retrospective baseline), and after six months and 12 months to the study population and to an age‐matched comparison group at recruitment (baseline), and after six months and 12 months. Demographic data, admission diagnosis, length of stay, severity of illness, pain, anxiety, agitation, and intratracheal suctioning, turning and intubation were recorded. Recruitment period: December 2008 to April 2011.ResultsHealth‐related quality of life of the older patients was significantly lower than the comparison group, both before and after the intensive care unit stay, and showed great individual variability. Within group scores, however, were stable over the year. Both physical and mental health scores were lower for the older patients. Renal failure, cardiac surgery and illness severity were associated with lower physical health scores. Cardiovascular illness, intratracheal suctioning and turning were associated with lower mental health scores.ConclusionsHealth‐related quality of life was lower in older patients than in the age‐matched group but remained stable over one year.Relevance to clinical practiceOlder patients with severe illnesses, acute renal failure or who have had cardiac surgery, need additional support after hospital discharge due to functional restrictions. Discharge planning should ensure that this support would be provided. Special attention should be given to develop and use methods to reduce distress during routine intensive care interventions such as intratracheal suctioning or turning.
ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF WORKERS’ RETIREMENT DECISIONS
Authors: Coile Courtney C. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe landscape for older workers has changed dramatically in recent decades. Governments have made cuts to public pension programs, private pensions have shifted from defined benefit to defined contribution plans, equity and housing markets have been unusually volatile, and workers have experienced declining morbidity and mortality. At the same time, the labor force participation rate for older men and women has been rising over the past two decades, implying later retirement. Are these phenomena related? This paper reviews the large and growing body of literature exploring the economic determinants of workers’ retirement decisions, including public and private pensions, wealth and savings, health and health insurance, and labor demand.
The effect of learning goal orientation and communal goal strivings on newcomer proactive behaviours and learning
Authors: Tan Kenny W. T. , Au Al K. C. , Cooper‐Thomas Helena D. , Aw Sherry S. Y. 
Published: August 2015

Learning is central to newcomer socialization, but research has rarely investigated the individual motivations that predict learning. Drawing from motivated action theory, this study examines newcomers’ learning goal orientation and communal goal strivings, and their effects on the different domains of learning through two separate routes of information‐seeking and relationship‐building proactive behaviours. In Study 1, we develop and validate a scale for communal goal strivings, demonstrating the empirical distinctiveness of the proposed construct from related constructs of prosocial motivation and need to belong. Study 2 involved a 2‐wave survey of 185 university student interns investigating newcomer learning. The results revealed that learning goal orientation predicted greater information seeking in the form of direct inquiry, which in turn predicted role, organization, and social learning. Communal goal strivings predicted the relationship‐building proactive behaviour of networking, and increased social and organization learning. These results underscore the value of goal strivings during socialization and provide a nuanced understanding of the relationships between goal strivings, proactive behaviours, and newcomer learning. Practical implications are discussed.Practitioner points

Organizations keen to hire proactive employees can select job applicants high in both learning goal orientation and communal goal strivings.

Organizations should not treat newcomer learning as a single entity. Our results suggest that organizations can encourage specific newcomer proactive behaviours to meet targeted learning objectives in the socialization process.

To encourage newcomers’ proactivity and learning, greater attention should be accorded to the organizational environment, emphasizing the social aspects of the socialization process. This includes highlighting the importance of teams and workgroups.
The Role of Entrepreneurship in the Context of Career Trajectories: Moving Back into Wage Employment or into Unemployment?
Authors: Debrulle Jonas 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study investigates patterns of movement from self‐employment to wage employment or to unemployment inBelgium. Non‐parametric techniques and complimentary log–log analyses are used to determine the significance of stable individual traits (e.g. gender) and of time‐dependent characteristics (e.g. family and organizational context, labour market mobility) in moving back to wage employment or to unemployment. Evidence is provided on the possibility of entrepreneurship acting as a ‘steppingstone’ between long‐term unemployment and paid work. Yet, significant relationships also emerge between ex‐ante time spent in unemployment and the possibility of continued unemployment upon self‐employment exit.
Alors, la Chinoiserie? The Figure of China in Theorizations of World Literature
Authors: Klein Lucas 
Published: August 2015

AbstractChinese writing occupies a privileged position in current academic discussions of world literature. While China as defined within world literature serves as a test case for questions of nativist and universalist values, in the process it finds itself defined as a nation par excellence. Arguing that such definition constitutes a kind of 21st century chinoiserie, I proceed to question the place of China in the literary theories that inform the discussions of world literature, pinpointing part of this chinoiserie on confusion about the role and performance of translation. I then offer a tactical approach to how China and Chinese literature can be re‐translated and re‐theorized, pointing a way forward from its current confinement within the chinoiserie described.
Writing China: Gu Wenda, Victor Segalen and Their Steles
Authors: Wong Lorraine C. M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe problem of writing China has been about the difficulty of the West in recognizing China as a contemporaneous reality while conceiving it in terms of cultural difference. This essay examines Gu Wenda's Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting of Tang Poetry and Victor Segalen's Stèles: Records of Steles Old and New in exploration of a mode of cultural articulation that takes seriously the set of differences associated with writing China in the 21st century. Gu's very gesture of crossing the divide between the Chinese language and the English language reminds us that the idea of a monolingual and homogeneous culture is never adequate for characterizing human activities. Nevertheless, his notion of cultural boundary is limited by categories such as ‘nations’ and ‘civilizations’, and thus, it stops short of disclosing other contact zones of cultures. In contrast, Segalen brings the Chinese language and the French language into an equivocal relationship of ‘origin’ and ‘translation’ as well as exploring a non‐identitarian interweaving of cultures. This essay argues that while China's rapid incorporation into the global economic system seems to portend that the global status quo will bind us in an enclosed space of ever more sameness, be it capitalist economy, information technology or mass‐culture industry, Segalen inspires us to put into play a world in which relations remain to be made and for which differences have yet to be articulated through the enactments of spaces he demonstrates in Stèles.
AvadānasandJātakasin the Newar Tradition of the Kathmandu Valley: Ritual Performances of Mahāyāna Buddhist Narratives
Authors: Lewis Todd 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAmong all the Sanskrit story narratives available in the vast archive of textual collections in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, certain Buddhist tales among them found special provenance in the Mahāyāna culture of the Newars, the indigenous inhabitants of this surviving oasis of later Indic Hindu‐Buddhist civilization. This paper will examine how two stories, theSṛṇgabheri Avadānaand the Siṃhalasārthabāhu Avadāna, have been domesticated into the local religious field and adopted with special meaning for subgroups in the local society. The former recounts the consecutive, linked lives of a husband and wife, in a story of karmic retribution and reunion, a narrative that has a role in contemporary Buddhist widow mourning rites at the major stūpa in Nepal, Svayambhu. The latter, among the most popularjātakanarratives in the Buddhist world, relates the fate of a group of Buddhist merchants who are shipwrecked and captured by cannibalistic demonesses; in Nepal, this story was transposed into a tale of trans‐Himalayan conflict, and its central figure is regarded as a hometown hero. Until today, a three‐day festival procession of him circumnavigates the city of Kathmandu. This paper will explore these local domestications of Buddhist stories and analyze how these traditional celebrations have changed in the context of the shifting regional and political landscape of Nepal and the region.
Full‐length coding sequences of three major histocompatibility complex class I‐related chain A alleles, MICA*019, MICA*027 and MICA*045, identified by sequence‐based typing in Chinese individuals
Authors: Xu Y. P. , Gao S. Q. , Tao H. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFull‐length coding sequences of three major histocompatibility complex class I‐related chain A alleles, MICA*019, MICA*027 and MICA*045.
A language contact perspective on Indian English phonology
Authors: DOMANGE RAPHAËL 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTThe direction taken by research on Indian English (IE) phonology has been largely determined by the ‘non‐native’ status which is attributed to this variety. Its form is generally considered to be governed by the combined effects of an idealised model serving as the target in acquisition, and transfers from the different language backgrounds of the speakers. This article adopts a different perspective on the issue, and intends to show the crucial importance of acknowledging the diachronic dimension when discussing varieties, native and non‐native alike. It is proposed that features of present‐day IE vowel inventory can be traced back to non‐southern British English input in the dialect formation processes, thus suggesting continuity through time rather than ever‐repeated deviations from the hypothesised target.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Pathogenic Filamentous Fungus
Aspergillus udagawae
Strain IFM 46973
T
Authors: Kusuya Yoko , Takahashi-Nakaguchi Azusa , Takahashi Hiroki , Yaguchi Takashi 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

The incidence of aspergillosis by
Aspergillus
infection has dramatically increased in recent years.
Aspergillus udagawae
, a species related to
Aspergillus fumigatus
, is known as an emerging pathogen of aspergillosis. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of
A. udagawae
strain IFM 46973
T
.
Draft Genome Sequences of Three
Pectobacterium
Strains Causing Blackleg of Potato:
P. carotovorum
subsp.
brasiliensis
ICMP 19477,
P. atrosepticum
ICMP 1526, and
P. carotovorum
subsp.
carotovorum
UGC32
Authors: Panda Preetinanda , Fiers Mark W. E. J. , Lu Ashley , Armstrong Karen F. , Pitman Andrew R. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Blackleg is a disease caused by several species of
Pectobacterium
that results in losses to potato crops worldwide. Here, we report the draft genomes of three taxonomically and geographically distinct blackleg-causing strains of
Pectobacterium
:
P. carotovorum
subsp.
brasiliensis
ICMP 19477,
P. atrosepticum
ICMP 1526, and
P. carotovorum
subsp.
carotovorum
UGC32. Comparison of these genomes will support the identification of common traits associated with their capacity to cause blackleg.
Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli NCM3722
Authors: Brown Steven D. , Jun Suckjoon 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli
NCM3722 is a prototrophic K-12 strain with robust physiologic phenotypes. We report the complete 4,678,045-bp chromosome and 67,545-bp F-like plasmid of this unique model organism.
Genome Sequence of the Moderately Acidophilic Sulfate-Reducing Firmicute Desulfosporosinus acididurans (Strain M1
T
)
Authors: Petzsch Patrick , Poehlein Anja , Johnson D. Barrie , Daniel Rolf , Schlömann Michael , Mühling Martin 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Microbial dissimilatory sulfate reduction is commonplace in many anaerobic environments, though few acidophilic bacteria are known to mediate this process. We report the 4.64-Mb draft genome of the type strain of the moderate acidophile
Desulfosporosinus acididurans
, which was isolated from acidic sediment in a river draining the Soufrière volcano, Montserrat.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Frankia
sp. Strain DC12, an Atypical, Noninfective, Ineffective Isolate from
Datisca cannabina
Authors: Tisa Louis S. , Beauchemin Nicholas , Cantor Michael N. , Furnholm Teal , Ghodhbane-Gtari Faten , Goodwin Lynne , Copeland Alex , Gtari Maher , Huntemann Marcel , Ivanova Natalia , Kyrpides Nikos , Markowitz Victor , Mavrommatis Kostas , Mikhailova Natalia , Nouioui Imen , Oshone Rediet , Ovchinnikova Galina , Pagani Ioanna , Palaniappan Krishnaveni , Pati Amrita , Sen Arnab , Shapiro Nicole , Szeto Ernest , Wall Luis , Wishart Jessie , Woyke Tanja 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Frankia
sp. strain DC12, isolated from root nodules of
Datisca cannabina
, is a member of the fourth lineage of
Frankia
, which is unable to reinfect actinorhizal plants. Here, we report its 6.88-Mbp high-quality draft genome sequence, with a G+C content of 71.92% and 5,858 candidate protein-coding genes.
Modern imaging techniques: applications in the management of acute aortic pathologies
Authors: Nagpal Prashant , Khandelwal Ashish , Saboo Sachin S , Bathla Girish , Steigner Michael L , Rybicki Frank J 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
Acute aortic pathologies include traumatic and non-traumatic life-threatening emergencies of the aorta. Since the clinical manifestation of these entities can be non-specific and may overlap with other conditions presenting with chest pain, non-invasive imaging plays a crucial role in their rapid and accurate evaluation. The early diagnosis and accurate radiological assessment of acute aortic diseases is essential for improved clinical outcomes. Multidetector CT is the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of acute aortic diseases with MRI playing more of a problem-solving role. The management can be medical, endovascular or surgical depending upon pathology, and imaging remains an indispensable management-guiding tool. It is important to understand the pathogenesis, natural history, and imaging principles of acute aortic diseases for appropriate use of advanced imaging modalities. This understanding helps to formulate a more appropriate management and follow-up plan for optimised care of these patients. Imaging reporting pearls for day-to-day radiology as well as treatment options based on latest multidisciplinary guidelines are discussed. With newer techniques of image acquisition and processing, we are hopeful that imaging would further help in predicting aortic disease progression and assessing the haemodynamic parameters based on which decisions on management can be made.
Operational thermal remote sensing and lava flow monitoring at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
Authors: Patrick M. R. , Kauahikaua J. , Orr T. , Davies A. , Ramsey M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Hawaiian volcanoes are highly accessible and well monitored by ground instruments. Nevertheless, observational gaps remain and thermal satellite imagery has proven useful in Hawai‘i for providing synoptic views of activity during intervals between field visits. Here we describe the beginning of a thermal remote sensing programme at the US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). Whereas expensive receiving stations have been traditionally required to achieve rapid downloading of satellite data, we exploit free, low-latency data sources on the internet for timely access to GOES, MODIS, ASTER and EO-1 ALI imagery. Automated scripts at the observatory download these data and provide a basic display of the images. Satellite data have been extremely useful for monitoring the ongoing lava flow activity on Kīlauea's East Rift Zone at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō over the past few years. A recent lava flow, named Kahauale‘a 2, was upslope from residential subdivisions for over a year. Satellite data helped track the slow advance of the flow and contributed to hazard assessments. Ongoing improvement to thermal remote sensing at HVO incorporates automated hotspot detection, effusion rate estimation and lava flow forecasting, as has been done in Italy. These improvements should be useful for monitoring future activity on Mauna Loa.
CCL5-Mediated Th2 Immune Polarization Promotes Metastasis in Luminal Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Qianfei , Qin Jilong , Zhong Lin , Gong Lei , Zhang Bing , Zhang Yan , Gao Wei-Qiang 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The tumor-promoting chemokine CCL5 has been implicated in malignant transformation of breast epithelial cells, with studies to date focusing mainly on basal-type breast cancers. In this study, we investigated the consequences of CCL5 deletion in the MMTV-PyMT transgenic mouse model of luminal breast cancer. In this model, primary tumor burden and pulmonary metastases were reduced significantly in CCL5-deficient subjects, an effect found to be associated with a deficit of Th2 (IL4+CD4+ T) cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that CCL5 activates CCR3, a highly expressed chemokine receptor on CD4+ T cells, and also boosts Gfi1 expression to promote the differentiation of Th2 cells, which enhance the prometastatic activity of tumor-associated myeloid cells. Clinically, polarization toward this immunosuppressive Th2 phenotype was also evident in patients with advanced luminal breast cancer. Thus, our findings showed that CCL5/CCR3 signaling promotes metastasis by inducing Th2 polarization of CD4+ T cells, with implications for prognosis and immunotherapy of luminal breast cancer. Cancer Res; 75(20); 4312–21. ©2015 AACR.
A Multicenter, Open-Label Phase II Clinical Trial of Combined MEK plus EGFR Inhibition for Chemotherapy-Refractory Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ko Andrew H. , Bekaii-Saab Tanios , Van Ziffle Jessica , Mirzoeva Olga M. , Joseph Nancy M. , Talasaz AmirAli , Kuhn Peter , Tempero Margaret A. , Collisson Eric A. , Kelley R. Kate , Venook Alan P. , Dito Elizabeth , Ong Anna , Ziyeh Sharvina , Courtin Ryan , Linetskaya Regina , Tahiri Sanaa , Korn W. Michael 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Purpose: On the basis of preclinical evidence of synergistic activity between MEK and EGFR inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we evaluated the safety and efficacy of selumetinib, a MEK1/2 inhibitor, plus erlotinib in patients with previously treated advanced PDAC.
Experimental Design: In this single-arm phase II trial, eligible patients received the combination of erlotinib 100 mg plus selumetinib 100 mg daily in 3-week cycles. Study assessments included measurement of clinical outcomes, with a primary endpoint of overall survival, and exploration of potential molecular predictors of treatment benefit.
Results: Forty-six patients were enrolled and received a median of two cycles (range, 1–7). Although no objective responses were observed, 19 patients (41%) showed evidence of stable disease for ≥6 weeks, and 13 of 34 patients (38%) had a CA19-9 decline ≥50%. Median progression-free survival was 1.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4–3.3 months], with a median overall survival of 7.3 months (95% CI, 5.2–8.0 months). Common adverse events included rash, diarrhea, and nausea/vomiting. Patients with tumors exhibiting an epithelial phenotype (demonstrated by a high level of E-cadherin expression) were more likely to be sensitive to study treatment. Tumor-derived DNA was detectable in plasma from the majority of patients using next-generation digital DNA sequencing, and its relative abundance correlated with tumor burden.
Conclusions: A therapeutic strategy of dual targeted inhibition of the MEK and EGFR pathways shows modest antitumor activity in pancreatic cancer. Specific molecular subtypes may derive greatest benefit from this combination. Further exploration, both with more potent MEK inhibitors and in molecularly enriched patient subsets, is warranted. Clin Cancer Res; 22(1); 61–68. ©2015 AACR.