bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet‐rich plasma for resistant oral erosions of pemphigus vulgaris: A pilot study
Authors: EL‐Komy Mohamed Hussein Medhat , Hassan Akmal Saad , Raheem Heba Mohammed Abdel , Doss Sally Sameh , EL‐Kaliouby Mona , Saleh Noha Adly , Saleh Marwah Adly 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTOral erosions and ulcers of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) are a debilitating condition that is usually difficult to treat. The wound healing properties of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) encouraged us to evaluate its usefulness in treatment of non‐healing oral PV lesions. Seven patients with chronic oral PV, resistant to conventional therapy, were treated with weekly to monthly injections of PRP of affected mucosal membranes. All recruits reported improvement in pain and mastication and 6 of 7 patients had an improvement in pemphigus disease area index scores with PRP treatment. PRP injections seems to accelerate the healing process and decrease the pain and eating discomfort associated with the oral erosions and ulcers induced by PV.
Ca2+ current facilitation determines short‐term facilitation at inhibitory synapses between cerebellar Purkinje cells
Authors: Díaz‐Rojas Françoise , Sakaba Takeshi , Kawaguchi Shin‐ya 
Published: September 2015

Key points
Short‐term facilitation takes place at GABAergic synapses between cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs).
By directly patch clamp recording from a PC axon terminal, we studied the mechanism of short‐term facilitation.
We show that the Ca2+ currents elicited by high‐frequency action potentials were augmented in a [Ca2+]i‐dependent manner.
The facilitation of synaptic transmission showed 4–5th power dependence on the Ca2+ current facilitation, and was abolished when the Ca2+ current amplitude was adjusted to be identical.
Short‐term facilitation of Ca2+ currents predominantly mediates short‐term facilitation at synapses between PCs.
AbstractShort‐term synaptic facilitation is critical for information processing of neuronal circuits. Several Ca2+‐dependent positive regulations of transmitter release have been suggested as candidate mechanisms underlying facilitation. However, the small sizes of presynaptic terminals have hindered the biophysical study of short‐term facilitation. In the present study, by directly recording from the axon terminal of a rat cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) in culture, we demonstrate a crucial role of [Ca2+]i‐dependent facilitation of Ca2+ currents in short‐term facilitation at inhibitory PC–PC synapses. Voltage clamp recording was performed from a PC axon terminal visualized by enhanced green fluorescent protein, and the Ca2+ currents elicited by the voltage command consisting of action potential waveforms were recorded. The amplitude of presynaptic Ca2+ current was augmented upon high‐frequency paired‐pulse stimulation in a [Ca2+]i‐dependent manner, leading to paired‐pulse facilitation of Ca2+ currents. Paired recordings from a presynaptic PC axon terminal and a postsynaptic PC soma demonstrated that the paired‐pulse facilitation of inhibitory synaptic transmission between PCs showed 4–5th power dependence on that of Ca2+ currents, and was completely abolished when the Ca2+ current amplitude was adjusted to be identical. Thus, short‐term facilitation of Ca2+ currents predominantly mediates short‐term synaptic facilitation at synapses between PCs.
Cardiovascular function in term fetal sheep conceived, gestated and studied in the hypobaric hypoxia of the Andean altiplano
Authors: Herrera Emilio A. , Rojas Rodrigo T. , Krause Bernardo J. , Ebensperger Germán , Reyes Roberto V. , Giussani Dino A. , Parer Julian T. , Llanos Aníbal J. 
Published: September 2015

Key points
High altitude developmental hypoxia causes intrauterine growth restriction and cardiovascular programming. However, some mammals exposed chronically to high‐altitude hypoxia have less growth restriction suggesting certain protection.
Cardiovascular defence mechanisms during acute fetal hypoxia divert blood flow from the periphery towards the brain, heart and adrenals. In contrast, little is known about the cardiovascular defence mechanisms during chronic fetal hypoxia.
Here, we established the cardiovascular responses in fetal sheep that were conceived, gestated, born and studied at 3600 m. The data suggest that chronically hypoxic pregnant ewes and their fetuses have evolved different mechanisms from sea level pregnancies to withstand chronic hypoxia.
The cardiovascular responses to acute hypoxia are blunted in the chronically hypoxic fetus. These findings points towards compensatory mechanisms in the highland fetus at the level of the cells and molecules rather than mounting major cardiovascular responses, saving oxygen not easily available in the Alto Andino.
AbstractHigh‐altitude hypoxia causes intrauterine growth restriction and cardiovascular programming. However, adult humans and animals that have evolved at altitude show certain protection against the effects of chronic hypoxia. Whether the highland fetus shows similar protection against high altitude gestation is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that high‐altitude fetal sheep have evolved cardiovascular compensatory mechanisms to withstand chronic hypoxia that are different from lowland sheep. We studied seven high‐altitude (HA; 3600 m) and eight low‐altitude (LA; 520 m) pregnant sheep at ∼90% gestation. Pregnant ewes and fetuses were instrumented for cardiovascular investigation. A three‐period experimental protocol was performed in vivo: 30 min of basal, 1 h of acute superimposed hypoxia (∼10% O2) and 30 min of recovery. Further, we determined ex vivo fetal cerebral and femoral arterial function. HA pregnancy led to chronic fetal hypoxia, growth restriction and altered cardiovascular function. During acute superimposed hypoxia, LA fetuses redistributed blood flow favouring the brain, heart and adrenals, whereas HA fetuses showed a blunted cardiovascular response. Importantly, HA fetuses have a marked reduction in umbilical blood flow versus LA. Isolated cerebral arteries from HA fetuses showed a higher contractile capacity but a diminished response to catecholamines. In contrast, femoral arteries from HA fetuses showed decreased contractile capacity and increased adrenergic contractility. The blunting of the cardiovascular responses to hypoxia in fetuses raised in the Alto Andino may indicate a change in control strategy triggered by chronic hypoxia, switching towards compensatory mechanisms that are more cost‐effective in terms of oxygen uptake.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Fungus
Penicillium brasilianum
MG11
Authors: Horn Fabian , Linde Jörg , Mattern Derek J. , Walther Grit , Guthke Reinhard , Brakhage Axel A. , Valiante Vito 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

The genus
Penicillium
belongs to the phylum
Ascomycota
and includes a variety of fungal species important for food and drug production. We report the draft genome sequence of
Penicillium brasilianum
MG11
.
This strain was isolated from soil, and it was reported to produce different secondary metabolites.
Genome Sequence of a Central Chimpanzee-Associated Polyomavirus Related to BK and JC Polyomaviruses, Pan troglodytes
troglodytes
Polyomavirus 1
Authors: Madinda Nadège F. , Robbins Martha M. , Boesch Christophe , Leendertz Fabian H. , Ehlers Bernhard , Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

We amplified and sequenced the genome of a polyomavirus infecting a central chimpanzee (
Pan troglodytes
troglodytes
). This virus, which is closely related to BK and JC polyomaviruses, may help shed a new light on these human pathogens’ evolutionary history.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas putida JLR11, a Facultative Anaerobic 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Biotransforming Bacterium
Authors: Pascual Javier , Udaondo Zulema , Molina Lazaro , Segura Ana , Esteve-Núñez Abraham , Caballero Antonio , Duque Estrella , Ramos Juan Luis , van Dillewijn Pieter 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Pseudomonas putida
JLR11, a facultative anaerobic bacterium that has been studied in detail for its capacity to use the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) as a nitrogen source. The sequence confirms the mechanisms used by this versatile strain to reduce and assimilate nitrogen from TNT.
Complete Genome Sequence of Strain H5989 of a Novel
Devosia
Species
Authors: Nicholson Ainsley C. , Whitney Anne M. , Humrighouse Ben , Emery Brian , Loparev Vladimir , McQuiston John R. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

The CDC Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory (SBRL) collection of human clinical pathogens contains several strains from the genus
Devosia
, usually found environmentally. We provide here the complete genome of strain H5989, which was isolated from a human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimen and represents a putative novel species in the genus
Devosia
.
Complete Genome Sequence of Japanese Vaccine Strain LA-AKO of Rinderpest Virus
Authors: Takamatsu Hitomi , Terui Kazuya , Kokuho Takehiro 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT
Rinderpest vaccine strain LA-AKO, which is less virulent especially to highly susceptible Asian cattle breeds, was established from a lapinized vaccine strain by further passages in rabbit and chick embryos. Here, we report the genome sequence of LA-AKO, which currently remains active for the production of an emergent vaccine in Japan.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Metronidazole-Resistant Gardnerella vaginalis Isolate
Authors: Schuyler Jessica A. , Chadwick Sean G. , Mordechai Eli , Adelson Martin E. , Gygax Scott E. , Hilbert David W. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of a
Gardnerella vaginalis
strain (3549624) isolated from a vaginal specimen.
G. vaginalis
is associated with bacterial vaginosis, the most common cause of vaginal discharge, which is often treated with metronidazole. This isolate is highly resistant to metronidazole (MIC, 500 µg/ml) and may be useful for comparative genomic studies to determine the molecular basis of metronidazole resistance in this species.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Bacteriochlorophyll
b
-Producing Photosynthetic Bacterium Blastochloris viridis
Authors: Tsukatani Yusuke , Hirose Yuu , Harada Jiro , Misawa Naomi , Mori Keita , Inoue Kazuhito , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome sequence of the purple photosynthetic bacterium
Blastochloris viridis
belonging to α-
Proteobacteria
. This is the first completed genome sequence of a phototroph producing bacteriochlorophyll
b
. The genome information will be useful for further analysis of the photosynthetic energy conversion system and bacteriochlorophyll pigment biosynthesis.
Frontal assessment battery for detecting executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis without dementia: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Barulli Maria Rosaria , Fontana Andrea , Panza Francesco , Copetti Massimiliano , Bruno Stefania , Tursi Marianna , Iurillo Annalisa , Tortelli Rosanna , Capozzo Rosa , Simone Isabella Laura , Logroscino Giancarlo 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveThe frontal assessment battery (FAB) is a quick and reliable method of screening to evaluate frontal lobe dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, previous studies were generally conducted on small samples representing different stages of disease and severity. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of the FAB in detecting executive functions and its association with demographic and clinical features in ALS without dementia.DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingA multidisciplinary tertiary centre for motor neuron disease.ParticipantsWe enrolled 95 consecutive patients with ALS diagnosed with El Escorial criteria in the period between January 2006 and December 2010.Main outcome measuresWe screened the patients with ALS using the FAB. An Executive Index (EI) was also calculated by averaging the Z scores of analytic executive tests evaluating information-processing speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test—Oral version), selective attention (Stroop test) and semantic memory (Verbal Fluency Test).ResultsThe FAB detected executive dysfunction in 13.7% of the patients with ALS. Moreover, using the EI standardised cut-off, 37.9% of the patients with ALS showed executive dysfunction. The receiver-operating characteristic curve showed that the optimal cut-off for the FAB in the whole sample was 16, with a sensitivity of 0.889 (95% CIs 0.545 to 1.000), a specificity of 0.593 (95% CI 0.450 to 0.907) and a moderate overall discriminatory power of 0.809. Different levels of respiratory function, duration of disease and depressive symptoms did not affect the FAB validity.ConclusionsIn patients with ALS without dementia, a high prevalence of executive dysfunction was present. The FAB showed good validity as a screening instrument to detect executive dysfunction in these patients and may be used when a complete neuropsychological assessment is not possible.
Are mass-media campaigns effective in preventing drug use? A Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Allara Elias , Ferri Marica , Bo Alessandra , Gasparrini Antonio , Faggiano Fabrizio 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo determine whether there is evidence that mass-media campaigns can be effective in reducing illicit drug consumption and the intent to consume.DesignSystematic review of randomised and non-randomised studies.MethodsWe searched four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I and CENTRAL) and further explored seven additional resources to obtain both published and unpublished materials. We appraised the quality of included studies using standardised tools. We carried out meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials and a pooled analysis of interrupted time-series and controlled before-and-after studies.ResultsWe identified 19 studies comprising 184 811 participants. Pooled analyses and narrative synthesis provided mixed evidence of effectiveness. Eight interventions evaluated with randomised controlled trials leaned towards no evidence of an effect, both on drug use (standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.02; 95% CI −0.15 to 0.12) and the intention to use drugs (SMD −0.07; 95% CI −0.19 to 0.04). Four campaigns provided some evidence of beneficial effects in preventing drug use and two interventions provided evidence of iatrogenic effects.ConclusionsStudies were considerably heterogeneous in type of mass-media intervention, outcome measures, underlying theory, comparison groups and design. Such factors can contribute to explaining the observed variability in results. Owing to the risk of adverse effects, caution is needed in disseminating mass-media campaigns tackling drug use. Large studies conducted with appropriate methodology are warranted to consolidate the evidence base.
Association between adiponectin levels and endometrial carcinoma risk: evidence from a dose–response meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Tong , Zhao Xin , Kong Wei-min 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesEpidemiological studies evaluating the association between adiponectin levels and endometrial carcinoma risk have produced inconsistent results. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between them.MethodsPertinent studies were identified by a search of PubMed and Web of Knowledge through January of 2015. A random-effects model was used to combine the data for analysis. Dose–response relationship was assessed by restricted cubic spline and variance-weighted least squares regression analysis.ResultsTwelve articles (5 prospective studies and 7 case–control studies) involving 1916 endometrial carcinoma cases were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results suggested that highest adiponectin levels versus lowest levels were significantly associated with the risk of endometrial carcinoma (summary relative risk (RR)=0.525, 95% CI 0.388 to 0.712, I2=64.2%). The association was also found in postmenopausal women (summary RR=0.646, 95% CI 0.433 to 0.964), but not in premenopausal women. A linear dose–response relationship was found, with the risk of endometrial carcinoma decreasing by 3% for every 1 μg/mL increase in adiponectin levels (summary RR=0.97, 95% CI 0.96 to 0.98). No publication bias was found.ConclusionsOur analysis suggested that the higher adiponectin levels might have a protective effect against endometrial carcinoma, especially in postmenopausal women.
Defibrillation safety: an examination of paramedic perceptions using eye-tracking technology
Authors: Ross Linda , Williams Brett , Boyle Malcolm 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveThe importance of access to early defibrillation for patients in cardiac arrest has been emphasised as a critical part of the chain of survival by resuscitation bodies internationally; as such defibrillation has become a key procedure for many out-of-hospital emergency healthcare providers. However, little research has been undertaken specifically addressing students’ safety during defibrillation procedures. The objective of this study was to examine visual and verbal safety checks prior to defibrillation utilising eye-tracking technology.MethodsThis was an observational study of student safety during cardiac rhythm analysis, defibrillator charging and immediately prior to defibrillation during a resuscitation attempt using a medium fidelity mannequin. The participants completed two 10 min simulations each requiring three defibrillation attempts. The κ statistic was used to determine the agreement by the student of their perceived safety performance and that viewed in the video.ResultsIn both scenarios the student's level of agreement for their perceived defibrillation safety performance and what was observed in the video decreased from defibrillation one to three in both scenarios. However, there was agreement in their overall defibrillation safety performance for both scenarios.ConclusionsStudent perceptions of their actions during defibrillation are not always an accurate representation of their actual actions.
Genomic profiling of myeloma: the best approach, a comparison of cytogenetics, FISH and array-CGH of 112 myeloma cases
Authors: Rack Katrina , Vidrequin Sébastien , Dargent Jean-Louis 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundChromosome abnormalities are important prognostic factors in myeloma allowing risk stratification of patients. Different techniques are available for their detection including cytogenetics, Fluorescent In Situ Hybridisation (FISH) and array Competitive Genomic Hybridisation (CGH). This study aimed to assess the validity and usefulness of each technique in a diagnostic setting.Methods112 myeloma cases were analysed by whole bone marrow cytogenetics and by FISH and array CGH performed on purified plasma cell populations.ResultsClonal abnormalities were identified in 30% of cases by cytogenetics and 97% by FISH and array CGH. By combining array and FISH results abnormalities were detected in 99% of cases and, if cytogenetic analysis was also considered, abnormalities were detected in 100% of cases.ConclusionsCytogenetic analysis is of limited value in myeloma. Array CGH and FISH are highly specific tests allowing the identification of aberrations in virtually all cases. The two techniques are complementary and need to be combined in order to provide a comprehensive analysis of all clinically relevant aberrations in myeloma.
Late Quaternary tectonics, sea-level change and lithostratigraphy along the northern coast of the South China Sea
Authors: Zong Y. , Huang G. , Li X. Y. , Sun Y. Y. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

This paper examines the Late Quaternary evolutionary history of the northern coast of the South China Sea by reviewing geological evidence from this coast. Results show that: (1) a lithostratigraphy with two marine sequences is observed in the deltaic basins of the Song Hong, Pearl and Han rivers, and these basins are all bounded by active faults; (2) whilst the upper marine sequence belongs to the present interglacial or the past 10.5 ka, the lower or older marine sequence was most likely deposited during the high sea level of the last interglacial period,
c.
126–120 ka; (3) the burial depth of the older marine sequence is recorded at −15 m below modern sea level or deeper, implying localized subsidence of varying rates between these deltaic basins because the height of sea level during the last interglacial was close to that of the present; (4) this tectonic process is probably associated with the continuous long-term subsidence of the northern South China Sea continental shelf within the tectonic framework of southward continental extension of the Eurasian Plate during the Cenozoic; (5) fault activity has enhanced the localized subsidence of these deltaic basins, which led to marine inundation during interglacial high sea levels.
Membrane-Bound Thrombomodulin Regulates Macrophage Inflammation in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Wang Kuan-Chieh , Li Yi-Heng , Shi Guey-Yueh , Tsai Hung-Wen , Luo Chawn-Yau , Cheng Min-Hua , Ma Chih-Yuan , Hsu Yun-Yan , Cheng Tsung-Lin , Chang Bi-Ing , Lai Chao-Han , Wu Hua-Lin 
Published: September 2015

Objective—
Thrombomodulin (TM), a glycoprotein constitutively expressed in the endothelium, is well known for its anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties. Paradoxically, we recently found that monocytic membrane-bound TM (ie, endogenous TM expression in monocytes) triggers lipopolysaccharide- and gram-negative bacteria–induced inflammatory responses. However, the significance of membrane-bound TM in chronic sterile vascular inflammation and the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains undetermined.

Approach and Results—

Implicating a potential role for membrane-bound TM in AAA, we found that TM signals were predominantly localized to macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells in human aneurysm specimens. Characterization of the CaCl
2
-induced AAA in mice revealed that during aneurysm development, TM expression was mainly localized in infiltrating macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. To investigate the function of membrane-bound TM in vivo, transgenic mice with myeloid- (LysMcre/TM
flox/flox
) and vascular smooth muscle cell–specific (SM22-cre
tg
/TM
flox/flox
) TM ablation and their respective wild-type controls (TM
flox/flox
and SM22-cre
tg
/TM
+/+
) were generated. In the mouse CaCl
2
-induced AAA model, deficiency of myeloid TM, but not vascular smooth muscle cell TM, inhibited macrophage accumulation, attenuated proinflammatory cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase-9 production, and finally mitigated elastin destruction and aortic dilatation. In vitro TM-deficient monocytes/macrophages, versus TM wild-type counterparts, exhibited attenuation of proinflammatory mediator expression, adhesion to endothelial cells, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Consistently, myeloid TM–deficient hyperlipidemic mice (ApoE
−/−
/LysMcre/TM
flox/flox
) were resistant to AAA formation induced by angiotensin II infusion, along with reduced macrophage infiltration, suppressed matrix metalloproteinase activities, and diminished oxidative stress.

Conclusions—
Membrane-bound TM in macrophages plays an essential role in the development of AAA by enhancing proinflammatory mediator elaboration, macrophage recruitment, and oxidative stress.