bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sinus membrane thickness of healthy endodontically treated maxillary molars
Authors: Yanık Deniz , Nalbantoğlu Ahmet Mert , Er Kürşat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
The study aimed to investigate the sinus membrane thickness (SMT) adjacent to healthy endodontically-treated maxillary molars with or without protruded apical foramen into the sinus cavity using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods
Images of 207 non-smoker patients aged 18–40 were retrospectively analyzed, 140 were endodontically treated, and 136 were without endodontic treatment. Patients with any sinus pathology, teeth that have symptoms, or poor root filling were excluded. Study groups consisted of Group EM-I (endodontically treated and protruded apical foramen), Group EM-C (endodontically treated and contacted apical foramen), and similarly without endodontic treatment; Group M-I and Group M-C. SMT upon the mesial, distal, and palatal roots was measured. One-way ANOVA and Student’s t-tests were performed.

Results
Group EM-I had the thickest sinus membrane compared to other groups (p = 0.013). SMT values were 2.37–2.60 mm in Group EM-I, and 1.34–1.58 mm in other groups. Thickening (> 2 mm) percentages were 33.45% in Group EM-I and between 4.25 and 8.25% in other groups. No statistical difference was detected between first and second molars and genders (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
When the apical foramen protruded into the sinus cavity, the conventional root canal treatment caused a minimal (between 2.37 mm and 2.60 mm) sinus membrane thickening with a rate of 33.45% based upon CBCT examinations.
Deep learning for lungs cancer detection: a review
Authors: Javed Rabia , Abbas Tahir , Khan Ali Haider , Daud Ali , Bukhari Amal , Alharbey Riad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract Although lung cancer has been recognized to be the deadliest type of cancer, a good prognosis and efficient treatment depend on early detection. Medical practitioners’ burden is reduced by deep learning techniques, especially Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN), which are essential in automating the diagnosis and classification of diseases. In this study, we use a variety of medical imaging modalities, including X-rays, WSI, CT scans, and MRI, to thoroughly investigate the use of deep learning techniques in the field of lung cancer diagnosis and classification. This study conducts a comprehensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using deep learning techniques for lung cancer research, providing a comprehensive overview of the methodology, cutting-edge developments, quality assessments, and customized deep learning approaches. It presents data from reputable journals and concentrates on the years 2015–2024. Deep learning techniques solve the difficulty of manually identifying and selecting abstract features from lung cancer images. This study includes a wide range of deep learning methods for classifying lung cancer but focuses especially on the most popular method, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). CNN can achieve maximum accuracy because of its multi-layer structure, automatic learning of weights, and capacity to communicate local weights. Various algorithms are shown with performance measures like precision, accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and AUC; CNN consistently shows the greatest accuracy. The findings highlight the important contributions of DCNN in improving lung cancer detection and classification, making them an invaluable resource for researchers looking to gain a greater knowledge of deep learning’s function in medical applications.
Long-term outcomes of canaloplasty and phaco-canaloplasty in the treatment of open angle glaucoma: a single-surgeon experience
Authors: Tognetto Daniele , Cirigliano Gabriella , Gouigoux Stefano , Grotto Alberto , Guerin Pier Luigi , Inferrera Leandro , Marangoni Dario 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate and compare the long-term outcomes of canaloplasty and phaco-canaloplasty in the treatment of open angle glaucoma and assess the prognostic factors associated with surgical outcome.

Methods
A 48-month retrospective analysis was performed on n = 133 open angle glaucoma eyes treated with canaloplasty and n = 57 open angle glaucoma eyes treated with phaco-canaloplasty by a single surgeon. Surgical success was defined according to six criteria, achieving a target intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤ 21, 18 or 15 mmHg on glaucoma medications (qualified success) or without any further treatment (complete success), including laser therapy or surgery. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were performed to evaluate surgical success and preoperative factors associated with surgical outcome. Surgical complications in the early postoperative period were compared between canaloplasty and phaco-canaloplasty.

Results
Canaloplasty and phaco-canaloplasty significantly reduced postoperative IOP and number of glaucoma medications (p = 0.001 for both). Phaco-canaloplasty showed higher rates of cumulative surgical success over canaloplasty, but only for target IOP ≤ 21 and ≤ 18 (p = 0.018 and p = 0.011, respectively). A preoperative number of > 4 glaucoma medications predicted surgical failure. Phaco-canaloplasty was associated with a higher rate of IOP peaks in the first month compared with canaloplasty (40.4% vs 12.7%, p = 0.000).

Conclusion
Canaloplasty and phaco-canaloplasty demonstrated long-term efficacy in the treatment of open angle glaucoma, with phaco-canaloplasty showing higher rates of surgical success compared to canaloplasty, but not for target IOPs lower than 16 mmHg. Patients on more than 4 preoperative glaucoma medications may not be good candidates for canaloplasty and may benefit from other surgical options.
Radiological differentiation between bacterial orbital cellulitis and invasive fungal sino-orbital infections
Authors: Ang Terence , Lim Wanyin , Chaggar Viraj , Patel Sandy , Selva Dinesh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Invasive fungal orbital infections (IFOI) may be difficult to differentiate from sinogenic bacterial orbital cellulitis (OC). This study investigates the features differentiating OC from IFOI on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
Retrospective study of adult patients with sinogenic OC and IFOI with pre-intervention MRI. Patients without post-septal involvement, non-sinogenic OC (e.g.: secondary to trauma) and poor-quality scans were excluded. Independent Sample’s t test and Fisher’s exact test were conducted with p < 0.05 deemed statistically significant.

Results
Eleven cases each of OC (Mean age: 41.6 ± 18.4 years-old, Male: 10) and IFOI (Mean age: 65.0 ± 16.6 years-old, Male: 9) between 2006 and 2023. IFOI patients were older, more likely immunocompromised and had a lower mean white-cell count (p value = 0.005, 0.035 and 0.017, respectively). The ethmoid and maxillary sinuses were most commonly involved in both entities. Pre-septal and lacrimal gland involvement were more common in OC (p = 0.001 and 0.008, respectively). Infiltrative OC orbital lesions were poorly demarcated, whilst those in IFOI were expansile/mass-like invading the orbit from the adjacent paranasal sinuses. Specific IFOI features included loss-of-contrast-enhancement (LoCE) of paranasal sinus tissues with orbital extension. Extra-orbital and -sinonasal extension indicative of IFOI included contiguous skull base or pterygopalatine fossa involvement, retro-antral and masticator space stranding and vasculitis.

Conclusion
This study describes the key MRI features of IFOI including differentiating markers from OC. These specific features, such as LoCE of the paranasal and orbital soft tissues, the location and pattern of contiguous soft-tissue involvement, provide expedient identification of IFOI which necessitate early surgical intervention for microbiological confirmation of an invasive fungal pathology.
Virtual Experiences, Real Memories? A Study on Information Recall and Recognition in the Metaverse
Authors: Xi Nannan , Chen Juan , Gama Filipe , Korkeila Henry , Hamari Juho 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere are high expectations towards extended reality (XR), namely the “metaverse”. However, human performance in the metaverse has been called into question when undertaking everyday activities (e.g., working, shopping, and learning etc.), as complex human-technology interaction required may hinder cognitive abilities such as processing of information. Therefore, this study attempts to address whether and how XR impacts abilities to recall and recognize information in daily-life settings. We investigated the effects of VR and AR in a 2 (VR: yes vs. no) × 2 (AR: yes vs. no) between-subjects design experiment related to a shopping task (N = 153) on textual (product names) and pictorial (product pictures) recognition and recall. The results show that textual information recall and pictorial information recognition did not significantly suffer in XR compared to shopping in a brick-and-mortar store. While regarding textual information recognition performance, the results show that fully physical environments offered the highest performance compared to the different XR technologies being used. Overall, the study provides important findings and guidance for the use of extended reality technologies in consumer-facing businesses, as well as the use of XR in everyday life in general.
Integrated renal and sympathetic mechanisms underlying the development of sex- and age-dependent hypertension and the salt sensitivity of blood pressure
Authors: Frame Alissa A. , Nist Kayla M. , Kim Kiyoung , Puleo Franco , Moreira Jesse D. , Swaldi Hailey , McKenna James , Wainford Richard D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAging is a non-modifiable understudied risk factor for hypertension. We hypothesized that sympathetically mediated activation of renal sodium reabsorption drives age-dependent hypertension and the salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP). Using 3-, 8-, and 16-month-old male and female Sprague–Dawley rats as a model of normal aging, we assessed BP, indices of sympathetic tone, and the physiological responses to acute and chronic sodium challenge including sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC) regulation. The effects of renal nerve ablation and NCC antagonism were assessed in hypertensive male rats. We observed sex-dependent impaired renal sodium handling (24 h sodium balance (meq), male 3-month 0.36 ± 0.1 vs. 16-month 0.84 ± 0.2; sodium load excreted during 5% bodyweight isotonic saline volume expansion (%) male 3-month 77 ± 5 vs. 16-month 22 ± 8), hypertension (MAP (mmHg) male 3-month 123 ± 4 vs. 16-month 148 ± 6), and the salt sensitivity of BP in aged male, but not female, rats. Attenuated sympathoinhibitory afferent renal nerve (ARN) responses contributed to increased sympathetic tone and hypertension in male rats. Increased sympathetic tone contributes to renal sodium retention, in part through increased NCC activity via a dysfunctional with-no-lysine kinase-(WNK) STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase signaling pathway, to drive hypertension and the salt sensitivity of BP in aged male rats. NCC antagonism and renal nerve ablation, which reduced WNK dysfunction and decreased NCC activity, attenuated age-dependent hypertension in male Sprague–Dawley rats. The contribution of an impaired sympathoinhibitory ARN reflex to sex- and age-dependent hypertension in an NCC-dependent manner, via an impaired WNK1/WNK4 dynamic, suggests this pathway as a mechanism-based target for the treatment of age-dependent hypertension.
Deformations and q-Convolutions. Old and New Results
Authors: Bożejko Marek , Bożejko Wojciech 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper is the survey of some of our results related to q-deformations of the Fock spaces and related to q-convolutions for probability measures on the real line $$\mathbb {R}$$
R
. The main idea is done by the combinatorics of moments of the measures and related q-cumulants of different types. The main and interesting q-convolutions are related to classical continuous (discrete) q-Hermite polynomial. Among them are classical ($$q=1$$

q
=
1

) convolutions, the case $$q=0$$

q
=
0

, gives the free and Boolean relations, and the new class of q-analogue of classical convolutions done by Carnovole, Koornwinder, Biane, Anshelovich, and Kula. The paper contains many questions and problems related to the positivity of that class of q-convolutions. The main result is the construction of Brownian motion related to q-Discrete Hermite polynomial of type I.
Current standards and the future role of hadrontherapy in the treatment of central nervous system tumors
Authors: Harrabi Semi B. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Radiation therapy is vital for treating central nervous system cancers (CNS), but traditional methods have limitations, especially in cases with high risks of side effects. Ion beam therapy, with its unique properties, offers a promising alternative for more precise and effective treatment, particularly in challenging scenarios.

Materials and methods
The presentation given at the symposium on hadrontherapy covered relevant literature for the utilization of ion beam therapy for pediatric CNS tumors, glioma, and meningeoma, as well as its role in re-irradiation. Emphasis was placed on new beam modalities, including carbon and helium ions, highlighting their potential benefits in improving treatment outcomes.

Results
The results underscore the importance of preserving surrounding healthy tissue in pediatric malignancies’ radiation therapy. Proton irradiation achieves optimal target coverage while reducing radiation-induced side effects. Carbon ions show promise in glioma treatment, with ongoing trials validating their efficacy. Moreover, helium ion therapy demonstrates advantages in sparing normal tissue, making it a promising candidate for reintroduction into clinical routines. These findings highlight the potential of ion beam therapies in optimizing treatment outcomes while minimizing side effects, particularly in pediatric CNS tumors and gliomas.

Conclusion
Results support proton therapy for brain tumors, aiming to preserve cognitive function. Carbon ions could benefit select patients in primary treatment and for recurrent cases. Helium ion therapy combines advantages of protons and carbon ions, offering precise dose deposition and tissue sparing, making it suitable for clinical use.
“Living with a question mark”: psychosocial experience of Portuguese young adults at risk for hereditary amyloid transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy
Authors: Pereira José D. , Costa Catarina , Santos Andreia , Lemos Marina S. , Sequeiros Jorge , Paneque Milena , Mendes Álvaro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study is the first to explore the psychosocial experience of young Portuguese adults at genetic risk for hereditary amyloid transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (hATTR-PN). The work focuses on the developmental peculiarities of their experience with the disease. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with young adults coming for pre-symptomatic testing (PST) at a single genetics outpatient center in Portugal. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The main findings suggest that four themes mark the psychosocial experience of the young adults interviewed. The first refers to the development of psychological representations, namely beliefs, mental representations, and social perceptions about hATTR-PN. The second regards the experienced and anticipated psychosocial impacts, namely, suffering, anxiety, and relief related to the disease. The third is related to using strategies such as performing PST, strategies focused on emotional regulation and the meaning of hATTR-PN, and social strategies to deal with these impacts over time. Finally, the fourth aspect concerns the perceived and expected support for the participants’ needs provided by social contexts, that is, family and genetic counseling. In a period of life also marked by qualitatively different characteristics and developmental tasks from other life cycle stages (e.g., identity explorations, instability, and independent decision-making), experience with the disease can add psychosocial challenges to young adults at risk for hATTR-PN. Genetic counseling practices and health policies can be optimized to respond to the psychosocial needs of young adults. Future research should deepen the understanding of the psychosocial experience of individuals and families with late-onset hATTR-PN to improve the clinical response in this population.
Reparameterized underwater object detection network improved by cone-rod cell module and WIOU loss
Authors: Yang Xuantao , Liu Chengzhong , Han Junying 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo overcome the challenges in underwater object detection across diverse marine environments—marked by intricate lighting, small object presence, and camouflage—we propose an innovative solution inspired by the human retina's structure. This approach integrates a cone-rod cell module to counteract complex lighting effects and introduces a reparameterized multiscale module for precise small object feature extraction. Moreover, we employ the Wise Intersection Over Union (WIOU) technique to enhance camouflage detection. Our methodology simulates the human eye's cone and rod cells' brightness and color perception using varying sizes of deep and ordinary convolutional kernels. We further augment the network's learning capability and maintain model lightness through structural reparameterization, incorporating multi-branching and multiscale modules. By substituting the Complete Intersection Over Union (CIOU) with WIOU, we increase penalties for low-quality samples, mitigating the effect of camouflaged information on detection. Our model achieved a MAP_0.75 of 72.5% on the Real-World Underwater Object Detection (RUOD) dataset, surpassing the leading YOLOv8s model by 5.8%. Additionally, the model's FLOPs and parameters amount to only 10.62 M and 4.62B, respectively, which are lower than most benchmark models. The experimental outcomes affirm our design's efficacy in addressing underwater object detection's various disturbances, offering valuable technical insights for related oceanic image processing challenges.
Can you spot the bot? Identifying AI-generated writing in college essays
Authors: Waltzer Tal , Pilegard Celeste , Heyman Gail D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe release of ChatGPT in 2022 has generated extensive speculation about how Artificial Intelligence (AI) will impact the capacity of institutions for higher learning to achieve their central missions of promoting learning and certifying knowledge. Our main questions were whether people could identify AI-generated text and whether factors such as expertise or confidence would predict this ability. The present research provides empirical data to inform these speculations through an assessment given to a convenience sample of 140 college instructors and 145 college students (Study 1) as well as to ChatGPT itself (Study 2). The assessment was administered in an online survey and included an AI Identification Test which presented pairs of essays: In each case, one was written by a college student during an in-class exam and the other was generated by ChatGPT. Analyses with binomial tests and linear modeling suggested that the AI Identification Test was challenging: On average, instructors were able to guess which one was written by ChatGPT only 70% of the time (compared to 60% for students and 63% for ChatGPT). Neither experience with ChatGPT nor content expertise improved performance. Even people who were confident in their abilities struggled with the test. ChatGPT responses reflected much more confidence than human participants despite performing just as poorly. ChatGPT responses on an AI Attitude Assessment measure were similar to those reported by instructors and students except that ChatGPT rated several AI uses more favorably and indicated substantially more optimism about the positive educational benefits of AI. The findings highlight challenges for scholars and practitioners to consider as they navigate the integration of AI in education.
Evolution of Long-Term Load Reduction Using Borrowed Soil
Authors: Li Sheng , Wang Shupei , Ho I.-Hsuan , Wang Yujie , Ma Li , Wang Changdan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe effectiveness of load-reduction techniques often diminishes due to creep behavior observed in geomaterials, as loess backfill is used, the load reduction rate of high-filled cut-and-cover tunnels (HFCCTs) after creep will decrease by 10.83%, posing a threat to the long-term stability of deeply buried structures such as HFCCTs. Therefore, a geotechnical solution is crucial to ensuring sustained effectiveness in load-reduction strategies over time. This study utilizes a finite-difference method to examine three promising measures for mitigating creep effects. Our analysis focuses on the time-dependent changes in earth pressure atop the cut-and-cover tunnel (CCT) and the internal distribution of cross-sectional forces, including bending moment, shear force, axial force, and displacement. Results indicate that the creep behavior of load-reduction materials significantly influences the internal force distribution. Furthermore, sustained load reduction is achieved when utilizing low-creep materials like dry sandy gravel as backfill soil, which needs to be borrowed from other sites. Additionally, integrating concrete wedges with load-reduction techniques facilitates a more uniform stress distribution atop CCTs.
Towards a generic agent-based vector-host model: effects of carrying capacity and host mobility
Authors: Chenaoui Cyrine , Marilleau Nicolas , Miled Slimane Ben 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of our work is to develop a generic conceptual agent-based model to formalize the interaction of vector and host given climate change. The model consists in creating a hypothetical example of a vector-host system. It simulates the vector’s life cycle while considering interactions with hosts and the temperature. It is presented following the ODD protocol and based on parameters and processes to conceptualize the vector-host complexity. It could accommodate a broad spectrum of vector species and different biogeographic regions. Our model can be extended to more ecologically complex systems with multiple species and real-world landscape complexity to test different host and / or vector-targeted control strategies and identify practical approaches to managing vector population and movement patterns.
Odourless vegetable oils as insect pest repellents for short-term protection of various food packaging materials
Authors: Shah J. A. , Vendl T. , Aulicky R. , Božik M. , Stejskal V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe repellent activity of two odourless vegetable oils (sweet almond—SAO and soybean—SO) applied on filter paper and four types of food packaging materials (polyethylene film, plastic gunnysacks, cardboard, and wood) was tested against three species of stored product pests (Sitophilus granarius, Tribolium castaneum, and Oryzaephilus surinamensis). The repellence of three doses was evaluated after 24 h, and after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Both oils exhibited a repellent effect when applied to filter paper, but this effect decreased with time and concentration. The most susceptible species was T. castaneum. The maximum repellence was 84% and 76% for SO and SAO, respectively. On packaging materials, the repellent effect diminished after a certain period of time, ranging from 7 to 28 days. Subsequently, the oils even became attractive. Generally, the repellent effects of both SO and SAO were higher on cardboard and wood slab than on polyethylene film and plastic gunnysacks. As such, in the case of SO, the repellence against T. castaneum was 88% 24 h after application on cardboard, whilst 68% on plastic bag. This work demonstrated the repellent potential of vegetable oils in the short term for the protection of packaged food against stored product pests.