bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche im Kontext. Eine Antwort auf Robert C. Holub
Authors: Niemeyer Christian 
Published: November 2014

ZusammenfassungIn meiner Antwort auf Robert C. Holubs Kritik versuche ich den Kontext zu verdeutlichen, in dem Elisabeth Forster-Nietzsches Wirken gesehen werden muss, aber auch den Kontext, dem meine Uberlegungen zugehoren. Auserdem werfe ich angesichts zahlreicher Falle nicht erkannter Falschungen der Schwester (darunter auch Holub) die Frage auf, ob Spezifika der fruhen, deutschsprachigen Editionsgeschichte von Nietzsches Werken und Briefen moglicherweise nur in lokale Wissenskulturen Eingang fanden. Im Ergebnis der in diesem Text vertieften Einwande gegen Nietzsches Schwester und der in Zukunft wohl eher auszubauenden denn zuruckzunehmenden Kritik an ihr scheint es ratsam, nicht die (selbstkritische) Frage aus den Augen zu verlieren, ob man am Ende nicht fur eine Sache kampft, die als verloren zu gelten hat (wie es jene Forster-Nietzsches ist).
Synthesis of biobased phosphate flame retardants
Authors: Ménard Raphaël , Negrell-Guirao Claire , Ferry Laurent , Sonnier Rodolphe , David Ghislain 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
An approach to prepare some biobased flame retardant (FR) compounds is presented. The adopted strategy consists in functionalizing an aromatic biobased phenolic compound, the phloroglucinol, with different phosphate groups in order to promote a charring effect. Different chlorophosphates were grafted onto phloroglucinol hydroxy groups and the functionalization of the hydroxy groups was quantitative. The synthesized biobased FR were incorporated into an epoxy matrix as additive to estimate their flame retardant properties. The influence of different parameters was studied such as the phosphorus content of the thermoset or the nature of the R group of the used phosphate P-O-R. MEB/EDX observations proved the influence of this R group on the compatibility between the FR and the matrix and its importance to obtain homogeneous thermoset. Thermogravimetric analyses of the phosphorus-containing thermosets showed a small decrease in thermal stability accompanied by a char yield almost tripled for a 3 %wP-containing thermoset compared to that of the thermoset without any FR. Pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry was also used to evaluate the flammability of the modified epoxy thermoset. A significant decrease in peak of heat release rate and total heat released was observed compared to thermoset without FR. These results demonstrate the good flame retardant properties of these biobased phosphates in an epoxy matrix. In addition these results show the potential of the biobased phenolic compounds as raw material for flame retardants syntheses.
Optimization of enzymatic ring-opening copolymerizations involving δ-gluconolactone as monomer by experimental design
Authors: Todea Anamaria , Biro Emese , Badea Valentin , Paul Cristina , Cimporescu Adinela , Nagy Lajos , Kéki Sándor , Bandur Geza , Boeriu Carmen , Péter Francisc 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Enzymatic incorporation of carbohydrate-derived monomer units into hydrophobic polyester backbones represents a promising alternative to obtain new biodegradable oligomers and polymers. Immobilized lipases are efficient biocatalysts for copolymerization of β-butyrolactone and δ-gluconolactone, but only a systematic optimization study was able to highlight the influence of the main reaction parameters on the polymerization degree and on the relative copolymer content of the product. Therefore, experimental design was employed for determination of the optimal ring-opening copolymerization conditions in solventless reaction systems, at temperatures up to 80 °C. The obtained products, cyclic and linear polyesters, have been characterized by FT-IR, MALDI-TOF MS, NMR, and TG analysis, demonstrating the incorporation of gluconolactone unit(s) into the hydrophobic backbone of the polyester and the formation of new bio-based products.
Panel conditional and multinomial logit with time-varying parameters
Authors: Lee Myoung-jae 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPanel conditional logit estimators (PCLE) in the literature use mostly time-constant parameters. If the panel periods are volatile or long, however, the model parameters can change much. Hence this paper generalizes PCLE with time-constant parameters to PCLE with time-varying parameters; both static and dynamic PCLE are considered for this. The main finding is that time-varying parameters are fully allowed for static PCLE and the dynamic “pseudo” PCLE of [Bartolucci, F. and V. Nigro. 2010. “A Dynamic Model for Binary Panel Data with Unobserved Heterogeneity Admitting an$\sqrt n$-Consistent Conditional Estimator.”Econometrica78: 719–733] that are thus recommended to practitioners. As a further generalization, static “panel conditional multinomial logit estimator (PML)” with time-varying parameters is also examined. As it turns out, time-varying parameters are also fully allowed for PML. With no error term serial correlation allowed in PCLE and dynamic PCLE’s being restrictive in their assumptions, time-varying parameters provide an alternative avenue to inject dynamics and flexibility into PCLE and PML. Since PCLE and PML converge straightforwardly in computation, allowing time-varying parameters in PCLE and PML is “computationally free.” A simulation study is also provided.
The RtcB RNA ligase is an essential component of the metazoan unfolded protein response
Authors: Kosmaczewski Sara Guckian , Edwards Tyson James , Han Sung Min , Eckwahl Matthew J , Meyer Benjamin Isaiah , Peach Sally , Hesselberth Jay R , Wolin Sandra L , Hammarlund Marc 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRNA ligation can regulate RNA function by altering RNA sequence, structure and coding potential. For example, the function of XBP1 in mediating the unfolded protein response requires RNA ligation, as does the maturation of some tRNAs. Here, we describe a novel in vivo model in Caenorhabditis elegans for the conserved RNA ligase RtcB and show that RtcB ligates the xbp‐1 mRNA during the IRE‐1 branch of the unfolded protein response. Without RtcB, protein stress results in the accumulation of unligated xbp‐1 mRNA fragments, defects in the unfolded protein response, and decreased lifespan. RtcB also ligates endogenous pre‐tRNA halves, and RtcB mutants have defects in growth and lifespan that can be bypassed by expression of pre‐spliced tRNAs. In addition, animals that lack RtcB have defects that are independent of tRNA maturation and the unfolded protein response. Thus, RNA ligation by RtcB is required for the function of multiple endogenous target RNAs including both xbp‐1 and tRNAs. RtcB is uniquely capable of performing these ligation functions, and RNA ligation by RtcB mediates multiple essential processes in vivo.
Micro‐RNAs meet epigenetics to make for better brains
Authors: Noack Florian , Calegari Federico 
Published: November 2014

Recent studies have highlighted the importance of regulatory non‐coding RNAs and epigenetics in controlling the differentiation of somatic stem cells. Two major pathways characterize these fields: micro‐RNAs (miRNAs) and DNA methylation. In this issue of EMBO Reports, Lv et al show that during mammalian corticogenesis, miR‐15b inhibits cytosine demethylation by targeting Tet3, a key methylcytosine dioxygenase. This leads to the epigenetic downregulation of cyclin D1. As a result, cell cycle and differentiation of neural progenitors are altered, promoting their switch to neurogenesis. Hence, Lv et al elegantly bring together miRNAs and DNA methylation in the cell cycle control of neural progenitors and neurogenesis.
Supratentorial Paraventricular Schwannoma
Authors: Glikstein Rafael , Biswas Arundhati , Mohr Gerard , Albrecht Steffen 
Published: November 2014

Intraventricular schwannoma in either infra or supratentorial location is an extremely rare tumor with less than 20 cases described in the literature to date. There is no consensus regarding the origin of this tumor. This paper describes an excised supratentorial schwannoma located on the wall of the left lateral ventricle. The relevant literature is reviewed. A 34-year-old man with no significant medical history presented with a recent episode of right focal motor seizures and weakness of the right lower extremity. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated a heterogeneous enhancing mass in the body of left lateral ventricle mass lesion with vasogenic edema in the adjacent brain parenchyma. The patient underwent a left frontoparietal parasagittal craniotomy with neuronavigational guidance to avoid damage to the primary motor cortex. The tumor originated from the ependymal layer and extended to the body of lateral ventricle. Complete surgical excision of the tumor was achieved. Intraventricular schwannomas are rare tumors amenable to complete surgical excision, having a good prognosis without the need for adjuvant therapy. The recognition of this benign and potentially curable neoplasm and its differentiation from other less favorable tumors is of obvious importance.
Maintenance of the Rate of Stair Use over a Long‐term Period Using a Stair Climbing Campaign
Authors: Nomura Takuo , Katayama Kunihiro , Kashiwa Tomoyuki , Akezaki Yoshiteru , Sato Atushi 
Published: November 2014

Maintenance of the Rate of Stair Use over a Long‐term Period Using a Stair Climbing Campaign: Takuo NOMURA, et al. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences—ObjectiveThis study was a long‐term survey of a stair climbing campaign that made use of point‐of‐choice prompts aimed at achieving exemplary behavior in citizens.MethodsThe campaign began in September 2007 at the Kochi Prefectural Office. We monitored office workers who climbed the stairs or used the elevator in the prefectural office building, excluding weekends, from August 2007 through February 2009. Prompts were placed on the stair risers. A total of 59 days were monitored during the observation period. A questionnaire was distributed to 250 workers to examine the influence of the prompts following completion of the observation period.ResultsA total of 16,583 observations of the choice of workers to use the elevators or stairs were made during the observation period. The mean number of stair users was 281.0 ± 66.0 per day. Stair use increased significantly from 31.5 to 58.1% among women and from 26.3 to 62.4% among men during months 1−3 of the campaign. Stair use was maintained in more than 51% of women and 60% of men during the entire campaign period. The following response (valid records: 81) was given by 10% of the respondents regarding the use of stairs: “my use of stairs increased due to the message banners”.ConclusionsThe stair climbing campaign was effective for increasing stair use and was maintained over a longterm period. However, most office workers thought that their increased stair use was not due to prompts placed on risers; therefore, the reason for the increased stair use remains unclear.
Visual Recognition Memory Test Performance was Improved in Older Adults by Extending Encoding Time and Repeating Test Trials
Authors: Theppitak Chalermsiri , Lai Viet , Izumi Hiroyuki , Higuchi Yoshiyuki , Kumudini Ganga , Movahed Mehrnoosh , Kumashiro Masaharu , Fujiki Nobuhiro 
Published: November 2014

Visual Recognition Memory Test Performance was Improved in Older Adults by Extending Encoding Time and Repeating Test Trials: Chalermsiri THEPPITAK, et al. Department of Ergonomics, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan—ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the combination of extension of the encoding time and repetition of a test trial would improve the visual recognition memory performance in older adults.MethodsWe evaluated visual memory performance in young and older adults on a Yes‐No recognition memory test under four different conditions. The conditions consisted of combinations of encoding times of two and four seconds (E2 and E4) and first and second retrieval practice test trials (T1 and T2): E2T1, E2T2, E4T1 and E4T2. Performance was evaluated by measuring hit rates, false alarm rates, discrimination ability and response bias.ResultsOlder adults showed better improvement of hit rate and discrimination ability under the E4T2 conditions whereas young adults showed better memory performance under the E2T2 conditions.ConclusionsA longer encoding time and repetition of the test was effective in improving the visual memory performance in terms of the hit rates and discrimination ability of older adults. The results suggest that this strategy should be useful in providing a suitable work environment for older workers.
Early Developmental Outcomes of Children With Congenital HHV-6 Infection
Authors: Caserta Mary T. , Hall Caroline B. , Canfield Richard L. , Davidson Philip , Lofthus Gerry , Schnabel Kenneth , Carnahan Jennifer , Shelley Lynne , Wang Hongyue 
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to determine if congenital human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection influences early neurodevelopment.METHODS:We enrolled 57 newborns with HHV-6 congenital infection and 242 control newborns without congenital infection into a prospective, double-blind study with 4 visits between 4 and 30 months of age. Assessments included the Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence, the Visual Expectation Paradigm, and the Mental Development Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II. Newborn audiology screening and follow-up audiology examinations were completed at 12 to 24 months.RESULTS:No differences were noted in baseline characteristics between infants with HHV-6 congenital infection and control infants. No clinical syndrome due to congenital infection with HHV-6 was evident at birth. No differences were identified on the Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence or the Visual Expectation Paradigm between the two groups. In 39 infants with HHV-6 congenital infection, the mean ± SD Bayley Scale of Infant Development II MDI score was 103.4 ± 8.9 at 12 months of age. The matched control infants had a mean score of 105.4 ± 12.4. After controlling for covariates, HHV-6 congenital infection was associated with lower scores on the Bayley Scale of Infant Development II MDI at 12 months of age (mean difference: 4.3 [95% confidence interval: 0.4 to 8.1]; P = .03) compared with infants without HHV-6 congenital infection.CONCLUSIONS:Congenital HHV-6 infection may have a detrimental effect on neurodevelopment at 12 months of age and requires further study given that congenital infection with HHV-6 is present in ∼1 in every 101 births.
Use of Innovative and Advanced Computer Simulations of Chemical Speciation of Heavy Metals in Soils and Other Environmental Samples
Authors: Jeske Agnieszka 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The article presents several aspects of computer simulations and models of heavy metals speciation in environmental samples. The methods can be effectively used in environmental sciences, soil science, and assessment of mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in contaminated areas. The article presents all of the methods based on examples, and with interpretation of results. The effect depends on the reliability of data used in models. The results are essential for predicting the fate and behaviour of elements in the environment, and can also be used to develop solubility curves.
Observational Ratings of Frontal Plane Knee Position Are Related to the Frontal Plane Projection Angle but Not the Knee Abduction Angle During a Step-down Task
Authors: Jones Debi , Tillman Susan M. , Tofte Kari , Mizner Ryan L. , Greenberg Scott , Moser Michael W. , Chmielewski Terese L. 
Published: November 2014

Study Design Laboratory study, cross-sectional. Objectives To determine if the magnitude of frontal plane knee angle, as determined with a 3-D motion-capture system (knee abduction angle [KAA]) or digital video (frontal plane projection angle [FPPA]), varies among groups of individuals with different frontal plane knee position, as determined by observational ratings. Background Performing functional tasks with the knee positioned medial to the foot may increase the risk for knee injury. The KAA and FPPA are commonly used in research settings to determine injury risk. However, observational ratings of frontal plane knee position are easier to perform in the clinical setting. It is not clear whether observational ratings of knee position can be used as a surrogate for the KAA or FPPA. Methods Eighty-one female collegiate athletes performed a lateral step-down task. Participants were rated as good, fair, or poor based on observation of their knee position relative to the foot in the frontal plane and assigned to observational rating groups. Movement was concurrently recorded with a 3-D motion-capture system and a digital video camera to calculate KAA and FPPA, respectively. Results Knee abduction angle did not differ among participants assigned to the different observational rating groups (P = .265). In contrast, FPPA values differed between groups (P<.001), with the highest values in the poor group and the lowest values in the good group. Conclusion Observational ratings of frontal plane knee position relative to the foot are an appropriate clinical substitute for FPPA but not KAA. Therefore, observational ratings of medial knee position may be more suitable as a clinical screening tool when FPPA is the measure of interest. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(12):973–978. Epub 3 November 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4960
An investigation of the effect of the upper beryllium reflector on the moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity of miniature neutron source reactors
Authors: Binh Do Quang , Hai Nguyen Hoang 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper, an investigation on the dependence of the effective multiplication factor, keff, on moderator temperature for various thicknesses of the upper beryllium reflector in reactor conditions with different fuel burnups for the Miniature Neutron Source Reactor is carried out. Based on the linear dependence of keff on moderator temperature, an approach to calculate the moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity, αT, at different temperatures and its average value, α, in a range of temperatures directly through the moderator temperature is developed. Calculations are performed to evaluate the effect of change in the upper reflector thickness on the moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity for the fresh core and reactor conditions with different fuel burnups. Calculated results indicate that α
T increases with the increased beryllium thickness, but decreases with the increasing fuel burnup. Analysis of calculated results provides an additional insight into the relation of the upper reflector thickness, the neutron energy spectrum in the reactor core, and the moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity.
Decomposition analysis of the sodium void reactivity of the Korean sodium-cooled fast reactor
Authors: Ha P. N. V. , Kim S. J. , Yoo J. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
To cope with increasing spent fuel disposals and limited domestic spent fuel storages in Korea, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute has developed an advanced sodium-cooled fast reactor for TRU transmutation with an electricity output of 600 MWe (called the KALIMER-600 TRU burner). The design philosophy of the KALIMER-600 TRU burner concept is highly focused on inherent safety mechanisms, i.e., passive responses to abnormal and emergency conditions, and thereby minimizes the need for engineered safety systems. Accordingly, the main concern is on the sodium coolant void reactivity, a very important safety parameter of the KALIMER-600 TRU burner. This study was therefore performed to analyze the sodium void reactivity of the KALIMER-600 TRU burner to the finest resolution possible, e.g., contributions from any isotope in each core region. Such detailed analysis could be valuable and applicable to further optimization of the core passive safety characteristics against severe coolant voiding accident conditions.
Investigation of neutronic behavior in a CANDU reactor with different (Am, Th, 235U)O2 fuel matrixes
Authors: Gholamzadeh Z. , Feghhi S. A. H. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Recently thorium-based fuel matrixes are taken into consideration for nuclear waste incineration because of thorium proliferation resistance feature moreover its breeding or convertor ability in both thermal and fast reactors. In this work, neutronic influences of adding Am to (Th-235U)O2 on effective delayed neutron fraction, reactivity coefficients and burn up of a fed CANDU core has been studied using MCNPX 2.6.0 computational code. Different atom fractions of Am have been introduced in the fuel matrix to evaluate its effects on neutronic parameters of the modeled core. The computational data show that adding 2% atom fraction of Am to thorium-based fuel matrix won't noticeably change reactivity coefficients in comparison with the fuel matrix containing 1% atom fraction of Am. The use of 2% atom fraction of Am resulted in a higher delayed neutron fraction. According to the obtained data, 32.85 GWd burn up of the higher Americium-containing fuel matrix resulted in 55.2%, 26.5%, 41.9% and 2.14% depletion of 241Am, 243Am, 235U and 232Th respectively. 132.8 kg of 233U fissile element is produced after the burn up time and the nuclear core multiplication factor increases in rate of 2390 pcm. The less americium-containing fuel matrix resulted in higher depletion of 241/
243Am, 235U and 232Th while the nuclear core effective multiplication factor increases in rate of 5630 pcm after the burn up time with 9.8 kg additional 233U production.
Experimental investigation of the MSFR molten salt reactor concept
Authors: Yamaji B. , Aszódi A. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In the paper experimental modelling and investigation of the MSFR concept will be presented. MSFR is a homogeneous, single region liquid fuelled fast reactor concept. In case of molten salt reactors the core neutron flux and fission distribution is determined by the flow field through distribution and transport of fissile material and delayed neutron precursors. Since the MSFR core is a single region homogeneous volume without internal structures, it is a difficult task to ensure stable flow field, which is strongly coupled to the volumetric heat generation. These considerations suggest that experimental modelling would greatly help to understand the flow phenomena in such geometry. A scaled and segmented experimental mock-up of MSFR was designed and built in order to carry out particle image velocimetry measurements. Basic flow behaviour inside the core region can be investigated and the measurement data can also provide resource for the validation of computational fluid dynamics models. Measurement results of steady state conditions will be presented and discussed.
Rousseau interprète pascalien de Descartes : la troisième Lettre morale
Authors: Verhaeghe Laure 
Published: November 2014

La troisième des Lettres morales est connue pour la critique apparemment définitive et radicale que Rousseau y adresse à la philosophie de Descartes – philosophie vaine, dont les principes seraient aussi chimériques et mensongers que la physique à laquelle ils aboutissent. La présente étude entend réfuter cette lecture, en examinant trois points : 1) l’exception cartésienne de la deuxième des Lettres , et l’énoncé programmatique d’un doute explicitement méthodique dans lequel s’inscrit la « critique » de Descartes ; 2) l’ambivalence de cette critique qui, dans son premier moment, ne peut concerner que la physique cartésienne ; 3) la présence constante, dans ces pages, de formules empruntées au discours « Disproportion de l’homme » de Pascal. Il s’agira de montrer en quoi Rousseau, loin d’en finir avec Descartes, rend hommage à la seule philosophie dont les principes – quoiqu’ils échappent à la raison seule et quoiqu’en disent les « cartésiens » – soient certains.