bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Neapolitan School: Francesco Durante (1684-1755) - Aspects of Manuscript Dissemination, Misattributions, and Reception
Authors: Dietz Hanns-Bertold 
Published: September 2014

After the Austrian conquest of Naples in 1707, Masses, motets and Psalm settings, by Francesco Mancini, Nicola Fago, Domenico Sarro and the still little-known Francesco Durante, made their way into Bohemia, the Austrian Netherlands, and Saxony. All of Durante's early exported pieces of church music are found in these locations only. From the Zenith of his career, 1738 to 1755, dated manuscripts cover almost every year. The period includes all of the works upon which rests Durante's posthumous fame. During the nineteenth century, his church music, especiallly his works in "Palestrina style," became objects for collectors of "ancient music." The demand for sacred works by Durante and other Neapolitan composers led to misattributions of manuscripts, not always out of ignorance. During the second-half of the nineteenth century, changing attitudes toward church music, the Bach restoration, and the emergence of a view of history tinged with nationalistic overtones led to a change in Durantes's historic position. By 1904, The "Epoch of the Neapolitan School: Leo and Durante, 1725-1766" had been replaced by "The Age of Bach and Handel." The lack of interest in Neapolitan church music that followed led to a neglect of scholarly studies until the second half of the twentieth century, when musicologists began to revive the topic.
Pluralidade de abordagens analíticas da primeira das Três Peças para Piano op. 11, de Arnold Schoenberg
Authors: Almada Carlos De Lemos 
Published: September 2014

O foco do presente artigo é a multiplicidade de perspectivas levadas em conta em uma análise musical, a partir de um caso especialmente selecionado: a primeira das Três Peças para Piano op. 11, de Arnold Schoenberg. A razão dessa escolha se apóia na existência de um rico painel de abordagens analíticas em relação à referida peça, não apenas em número, mas também considerando enfoques, estratégias e resultados. A metodologia deste estudo consiste na descrição de seis dessas análises, realizadas por autores de reconhecido gabarito, compreendendo um período de quatro décadas (Perle, 1962; Wittlich, 1974; Ogdon, 1981; Haimo, 1996 e Lerdahl, 2001), e a apresentação de seus principais pontos de contato e divergências, a partir do estabelecimento de alguns parâmetros comparativos.
Development and Effectiveness of a Psychoeducational Wellness Program for People with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: McGuire Kimberly Beckwith , Stojanovic-Radic Jelena , Strober Lauren , Chiaravalloti Nancy D. , DeLuca John 
Published: September 2014

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) mostly affects young and middle-aged adults and is known to be associated with a host of factors involved in overall quality of life and well-being. The biopsychosocial model of disease takes into account the multifaceted nature of chronic illness and is commonly applied to MS. The present investigation examined the effectiveness of a 10-week psychoeducational MS wellness program that was developed on the basis of the biopsychosocial model and a wellness approach to treatment.Methods: The program consisted of 90-minute, weekly psychoeducational wellness group sessions aimed at improving quality of life by increasing awareness of the various social, intellectual, emotional, and spiritual factors that can affect the overall well-being of people living with MS. Fifty-four individuals with MS participated in the study (43 individuals who completed the wellness intervention and 11 individuals with MS who did not participate; “controls”). All participants completed a series of self-report questionnaires at baseline and at the 10-week follow-up, assessing depression, anxiety, perceived stress, cognitive complaints, pain, social support, and fatigue.Results: Repeated-measures analysis revealed improvements in depression, anxiety, overall mental health, perceived stress, and pain in the treatment group compared with the control group. No significant differences were observed between the groups on measures assessing social support, cognitive complaints, and fatigue.Conclusions: The findings suggest that a psychoeducational wellness program is effective in improving the overall quality of life and well-being of individuals with MS.
Does the Effect of a Physical Activity Behavioral Intervention Vary by Characteristics of People with Multiple Sclerosis?
Authors: Motl Robert W. , Dlugonski Deirdre , Pilutti Lara A. , Klaren Rachel E. 
Published: September 2014

Background: Behavioral interventions have significantly increased physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Nevertheless, there has been interindividual variability in the pattern and magnitude of change. This study documented the efficacy and variability of a behavioral intervention for changing physical activity and examined the possibility that efficacy varied by the characteristics of individuals with MS.
Methods: Eighty-two people with MS were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: behavioral intervention (n = 41) or waitlist control (n = 41). We collected information before the study on MS type, disability status, weight status based on body-mass index, and current medications. Furthermore, all participants completed the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire and the abbreviated International Physical Activity Questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for 1 week to measure minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity before and after the 6-month intervention period.
Results: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) indicated that participants in the behavioral intervention had significantly higher levels of physical activity than control participants after the 6-month period (P &lt; .001). There was substantial interindividual variability in the magnitude of change, and ANCOVA indicated that MS type (relapsing vs. progressive) (P &lt; .01), disability status (mild vs. moderate) (P &lt; .01), and weight status (normal weight vs. overweight/obese) (P &lt; .05) moderated the efficacy of the behavioral intervention.
Conclusions: The behavioral intervention was associated with improvements in physical activity, particularly for those with mild disability, relapsing-remitting MS, or normal weight status.
Effects of rainfall spatial variability and intermittency on shallow landslide triggering patterns at a catchment scale
Authors: von Ruette J. , Lehmann P. , Or D. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe occurrence of shallow landslides is often associated with intense and prolonged rainfall events, where infiltrating water reduces soil strength and may lead to abrupt mass release. Despite general understanding of the role of rainfall water in slope stability, the prediction of rainfall‐induced landslides remains a challenge due to natural heterogeneity that affect hydrologic loading patterns and the largely unobservable internal progressive failures. An often overlooked and potentially important factor is the role of rainfall variability in space and time on landslide triggering that is often obscured by coarse information (e.g., hourly radar data at spatial resolution of a few kilometers). To quantify potential effects of rainfall variability on failure dynamics, spatial patterns, landslide numbers and volumes, we employed a physically based “Catchment‐scale Hydromechanical Landslide Triggering” (CHLT) model for a study area where a summer storm in 2002 triggered 51 shallow landslides. In numerical experiments based on the CHLT model, we applied the measured rainfall amount of 53 mm in different artificial spatiotemporal rainfall patterns, resulting in between 30 and 100 landslides and total released soil volumes between 3000 and 60,000 m3 for the various scenarios. Results indicate that low intensity rainfall below soil's infiltration capacity resulted in the largest mechanical perturbation. This study illustrates how small‐scale rainfall variability that is often overlooked by present operational rainfall data may play a key role in shaping landslide patterns.
Investigation of storm time magnetotail and ion injection using three‐dimensional global hybrid simulation
Authors: Lin Y. , Wang X. Y. , Lu S. , Perez J. D. , Lu Q. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDynamics of the near‐Earth magnetotail associated with substorms during a period of extended southward interplanetary magnetic field is studied using a three‐dimensional (3‐D) global hybrid simulation model that includes both the dayside and nightside magnetosphere, for the first time, with physics from the ion kinetic to the global Alfvénic convection scales. It is found that the dayside reconnection leads to the penetration of the dawn‐dusk electric field through the magnetopause and thus a thinning of the plasma sheet, followed by the magnetotail reconnection with 3‐D, multiple flux ropes. Ion kinetic physics is found to play important roles in the magnetotail dynamics, which leads to the following results: (1) Hall electric fields in the thin current layer cause a systematic dawnward ion drift motion and thus a dawn‐dusk asymmetry of the plasma sheet with a higher (lower) density on the dawnside (duskside). Correspondingly, more reconnection occurs on the duskside. Bidirectional fast ions are generated due to acceleration in reconnection, and more high‐speed earthward flow injections are found on the duskside than the dawnside. Such finding of the dawn‐dusk asymmetry is consistent with recent satellite observations. (2) The injected ions undergo the magnetic gradient and curvature drift in the dipole‐like field, forming a ring current. (3) Ion particle distributions reveal multiple populations/beams at various distances in the tail. (4) Dipolarization of the tail magnetic field takes place due to the pileup of the injected magnetic fluxes and thermal pressure of injected ions, where the fast earthward flow is stopped. Oscillation of the dipolarization front is developed at the fast‐flow braking, predominantly on the dawnside. (5) Kinetic compressional wave turbulence is present around the dipolarization front. The cross‐tail currents break into small‐scale structures with k⟂ρi∼1, where k⟂ is the perpendicular wave number. A sharp dip of magnetic field strength is seen just in front of the sharp rise of the magnetic field at the dipolarization front, mainly on the duskside. (6) A shear flow‐type instability is found on the duskside flank of the ring current plasma, whereas a kinetic ballooning instability appears on the dawnside. (7) Shear Alfvén waves and compressional waves are generated from the tail reconnection, and they evolve into kinetic Alfvén waves in the dipole‐like field region. Correspondingly, multiple field‐aligned current filaments are generated above the auroral ionosphere.
Proton‐cyclotron and firehose instabilities in inhomogeneous plasmas
Authors: Yoon Peter H. , Seough Jungjoon 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBy combining the kinetic‐fluid model for macroscopic quantities and quasilinear kinetic theory for microscopic plasma instabilities, the present paper investigates quasi‐stationary spatial distribution and characteristics of the electromagnetic proton‐cyclotron and parallel firehose instabilities in inhomogeneous plasma, as well as their influence on macroscopic variables. The present paper considers diverging magnetic field along a flux tube, as well as the associated density model, with various source region boundary conditions, in order to investigate the spatial locations at which the excitation, saturation, and damping of the proton‐cyclotron and firehose instabilities occur in a medium with field‐aligned inhomogeneity. Potential application may be on the solar wind model in which the temperature anisotropy threshold rigorously follows as a result of quasilinear relaxation process.
Properties of Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves at the magnetopause under northward interplanetary magnetic field: Statistical study
Authors: Lin Dong , Wang Chi , Li Wenya , Tang Binbin , Guo Xiaocheng , Peng Zhong 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWe search the plasma and magnetic field data of the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) probes B and C during 2008 and 2009 for observation evidences of the Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability (KHI). Fourteen KHI events with rolled‐up vortices are identified under the northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) at the low‐latitude boundary layer (LLBL). We collect another 42 events reported from the observations of the Geotail, Double Star TC‐1, and Cluster for a statistical study of the KH wave properties. All the 56 rolled‐up KH wave events are quantitatively characterized by the dominant period, phase velocity, and the wavelength. We further explore the relationship between the KH wave period and the solar wind velocity (VSW) and the IMF clock angle. It is found that the KH period tends to be shorter under a higher VSW, and longer with a larger IMF clock angle. The spatial distribution of the KH wavelength shows a longitudinal growth with increasing distance from the subsolar point along the flank magnetopause. The statistical results provide new insights for the development of KH waves and their connection with the interplanetary conditions and deepen our understanding of the KHI at the magnetopause.
On the mechanism of field‐scale solute transport: Insights from numerical simulations and field observations
Authors: Russo David , Laufer Asher , Gerstl Zev , Ronen Daniel , Weisbrod Noam , Zentner Eitan 
Published: September 2014

AbstractField‐scale transport of conservative and reactive solutes through a deep vadose zone was analyzed by means of two different model processes for the local description of the transport. The first is the advection‐dispersion equation (ADE) model, and the second is the mobile‐immobile (MIM) model. The analyses were performed by means of three‐dimensional (3‐D), numerical simulations of flow and transport considering realistic features of the flow system, pertinent to a turf field irrigated with treated sewage effluents (TSE). Simulated water content and concentration profiles were compared with available measurements of their counterparts. Results of the analyses suggest that the behavior of both solutes in the deep vadose zone of the Glil Yam site is better quantified by the MIM model than by the ADE model. Reconstruction of the shape of the measured solute concentration profiles using the MIM model required relatively small mass transfer coefficient, γ, and relatively large volume fraction of the immobile water θim. This implies that for an initially nonzero solute concentration profile, as compared with the MIM model, the ADE model may significantly overestimate the rate at which solutes are loaded in the groundwater. On the contrary, for an initially zero solute concentration profile, as compared with the MIM model, the ADE model may significantly underestimate solute velocities and early arrival times to the water table. These findings stem from the combination of relatively small γ and relatively large θim taken into account in the MIM model. In the first case, this combination forces a considerable portion of the solute mass to reside in the immobile region of the water‐filled pore space, while the opposite is true in the second case.
Perirheic mixing and biogeochemical processing in flow‐through and backwater floodplain wetlands
Authors: Jones C. Nathan , Scott Durelle T. , Edwards Brandon L. , Keim Richard F. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractInundation hydrology and associated processes control biogeochemical processing in floodplains. To better understand how hydrologic connectivity, residence time, and intrafloodplain mixing vary in floodplain wetlands, we examined how water quality of two contrasting areas in the floodplain of the Atchafalaya River—a flow‐through and a backwater wetland—responded to an annual flood pulse. Large, synoptic sampling campaigns occurred in both wetlands during the rising limb, peak, and falling limb of the hydrograph. Using a combination of conservative and reactive tracers, we inferred three dominant processes that occurred over the course of the flood pulse: flushing (rising limb), advective transport (peak), and organic matter accumulation (falling limb). Biogeochemistry of the two wetlands was similar during the peak while the river overflowed into both. However, during the rising and falling limbs, flow in the backwater wetland experienced much greater residence time. This led to the accumulation of dissolved organic matter and dissolved phosphorus. There were also elevated ratios of dissolved organic carbon to nitrate in the backwater wetland, suggesting nitrogen removal was limited by nitrate transported into the floodplain there. Collectively, our results suggest inclusion of a temporal component into the perirheic concept more fully describes inundation hydrology and biogeochemistry in large river floodplain.
Photomobile Polymermaterialien mit vernetzten flüssigkristallinen Strukturen – Moleküldesign, Herstellung und Funktionen
Authors: Ube Toru , Ikeda Tomiki 
Published: September 2014

AbstractVernetzte flüssigkristalline Polymermaterialien, die sich bei Bestrahlung mit Licht makroskopisch verformen, wurden eingehend erforscht, vor allem wegen ihrem Anwendungspotential für Mikroaktuatoren und mikrofluidische Bauteile. Die Grundbewegungen dieser Materialien sind Kontraktion/Expansion und Krümmung/Entspannung, die in Polysiloxanen und Polyacrylaten mit photochromen Einheiten hauptsächlich beobachtet werden. Andere ausgeklügelte Bewegungen, wie Drehung, Schwingung, Rotation und Parallelverschiebung, wurden ebenfalls realisiert. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden Anstrengungen unternommen, um die photoresponsiven und mechanischen Eigenschaften dieser neuen Klasse von Materialien durch die Modifizierung von Molekülstrukturen, die Entwicklung neuer Herstellungsverfahren und den Aufbau von Verbundstrukturen zu verbessern. In diesem Kurzaufsatz geben wir einen Überblick über Strukturen, Funktionen und Wirkmechanismen photomobiler Materialien und stellen die neuesten Fortschritte auf diesem Gebiet vor.
Enantioselektive Totalsynthese von (−)‐Mehranin, (−)‐Methylenbismehranin und verwandten Aspidosperma‐Alkaloiden
Authors: Mewald Marius , Medley Jonathan William , Movassaghi Mohammad 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWir berichten über eine effiziente und hochstereoselektive Strategie zur Synthese von Aspidosperma‐Alkaloiden, die auf der transannularen Cyclisierung einer chiralen Lactamvorstufe basiert. Aufgrund der bevorzugten Konformation der Cyclisierungsvorstufe werden in diesem Schlüsselschritt drei neue Stereozentren des resultierenden, vielseitigen, pentacyclischen Intermediats mit exzellenter Diastereoselektivität aufgebaut. Eine anschließende stereoselektive Epoxidierung mit nachfolgender Formamidreduktion unter milden Bedingungen ermöglichte die erste Totalsynthese der Aspidosperma‐Alkaloide (−)‐Mehranin und (+)‐(6S,7S)‐Dihydroxy‐N‐methylaspidospermidin. Eine abschließende, Scandiumtrifluormethansulfonat‐vermittelte Dimerisierung von (−)‐Mehranin führte zur ersten Totalsynthese von (−)‐Methylenbismehranin.
Site‐Selective Labeling of a Lysine Residue in Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Asano Shigehiro , Patterson James T. , Gaj Thomas , Barbas Carlos F. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractConjugation to human serum albumin (HSA) has emerged as a powerful approach for extending the in vivo half‐life of many small molecule and peptide/protein drugs. Current HSA conjugation strategies, however, can often yield heterogeneous mixtures with inadequate pharmacokinetics, low efficacies, and variable safety profiles. Here, we designed and synthesized analogues of TAK‐242, a small molecule inhibitor of Toll‐like receptor 4, that primarily reacted with a single lysine residue of HSA. These TAK‐242‐based cyclohexene compounds demonstrated robust reactivity, and Lys64 was identified as the primary conjugation site. A bivalent HSA conjugate was also prepared in a site‐specific manner. Additionally, HSA‐cyclohexene conjugates maintained higher levels of stability both in human plasma and in mice than the corresponding maleimide conjugates. This new conjugation strategy promises to broadly enhance the performance of HSA conjugates for numerous applications.
Forazoline A: Marine‐Derived Polyketide with Antifungal In Vivo Efficacy
Authors: Wyche Thomas P. , Piotrowski Jeff S. , Hou Yanpeng , Braun Doug , Deshpande Raamesh , McIlwain Sean , Ong Irene M. , Myers Chad L. , Guzei Ilia A. , Westler William M. , Andes David R. , Bugni Tim S. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractForazoline A, a novel antifungal polyketide with in vivo efficacy against Candida albicans, was discovered using LCMS‐based metabolomics to investigate marine‐invertebrate‐associated bacteria. Forazoline A had a highly unusual and unprecedented skeleton. Acquisition of 13C–13C gCOSY and 13C–15N HMQC NMR data provided the direct carbon–carbon and carbon–nitrogen connectivity, respectively. This approach represents the first example of determining direct 13C–15N connectivity for a natural product. Using yeast chemical genomics, we propose that forazoline A operated through a new mechanism of action with a phenotypic outcome of disrupting membrane integrity.
Three Distinct Redox States of an Oxo‐Bridged Dinuclear Ruthenium Complex
Authors: Yoshida Masaki , Kondo Mio , Nakamura Toshikazu , Sakai Ken , Masaoka Shigeyuki 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA series of [{(terpy)(bpy)Ru}(μ‐O){Ru(bpy)(terpy)}]n+ ([RuORu]n+, terpy=2,2′;6′,2′′‐terpyridine, bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) was systematically synthesized and characterized in three distinct redox states (n=3, 4, and 5 for RuII,III2 , RuIII,III2 , and RuIII,IV2 , respectively). The crystal structures of [RuORu]n+ (n=3, 4, 5) in all three redox states were successfully determined. X‐ray crystallography showed that the RuO distances and the Ru‐O‐Ru angles are mainly regulated by the oxidation states of the ruthenium centers. X‐ray crystallography and ESR spectra clearly revealed the detailed electronic structures of two mixed‐valence complexes, [RuIIIORuIV]5+ and [RuIIORuIII]3+, in which each unpaired electron is completely delocalized across the oxo‐bridged dinuclear core. These findings allow us to understand the systematic changes in structure and electronic state that accompany the changes in the redox state.
Proton‐Transfer Polymerization (HTP): Converting Methacrylates to Polyesters by an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene
Authors: Hong Miao , Chen Eugene Y.‐X. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA new polymerization termed proton (H)‐transfer polymerization (HTP) has been developed to convert dimethacrylates to unsaturated polyesters. HTP is catalyzed by a selective N‐heterocyclic carbene capable of promoting intermolecular Umpolung condensation through proton transfer and proceeds through the step‐growth propagation cycles via enamine intermediates. The role of the added suitable phenol, which is critical for achieving an effective HTP, is twofold: shutting down the radically induced chain‐growth addition polymerization under HTP conditions (typically at 80–120 °C) and facilitating proton transfer after each monomer enchainment. The resulting unsaturated polyesters have a high thermal stability and can be readily cross‐linked to robust polyester materials.