bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-Neoliberalism’s Difficult Hegemonic Consolidation
Authors: Errejón Íñigo , Guijarro Juan 
Published: April 2015

The current governments of Ecuador and Bolivia came to power after across-the-board crises of the political system. One of their immediate challenges is to consolidate the hegemony forged in the struggles against the neoliberal state. However, the allegiances created through the conflict are hard to transfer to an institutionalization of the new correlation of forces, and some groups have experienced disenchantment with the progressive governments. A comparative analysis of the hegemonic transition in the two cases suggests that, in contrast to that of Bolivia’s Movimiento al Socialismo, the hegemonic capacity of Ecuador’s electoral alliance, weakly organized and centered around the charismatic leadership of an “outsider,” depends more on its ability to dismantle possible opponents than on the appeal of its official identity, forcing it into constant reaffirmation of political boundaries. Los actuales gobiernos de Ecuador y Bolivia llegaron al poder después de las crisis exhaustivas del sistema político. Uno de sus desafíos inmediatos es consolidar la hegemonía forjada en las luchas contra el Estado neoliberal. Sin embargo, las alianzas creadas por el conflicto son difíciles de transferir a una institucionalización de la nueva correlación de fuerzas, y algunos grupos han experimentado el desencanto con los gobiernos progresistas. Un análisis comparativo de la transición hegemónica en los dos casos sugiere que, en contraste con la capacidad hegemónica del Movimiento al Socialismo de Bolivia, lo de la alianza electoral de Ecuador, débilmente organizada y centrada en el liderazgo carismático de un “desconocido,” depende más de su capacidad para desmantelar posibles adversarios que de la apelación de su identidad oficial, lo que obligó a la reafirmación constante de las fronteras políticas.
Establishing a course in how to facilitate journal clubs: Opportunities and barriers
Authors: Faebo Larsen Rikke , Moesgård Ravnholt Mette , Hølge-Hazelton Bibi 
Published: April 2015

Aim To discuss the potentials and barriers of establishing a course in facilitating journal clubs among non-medical health professionals (NMHP). Background NMHPs and managers had a wish to offer journal clubs. To accomplish this, there was a need of enhancing competences among NMHPs with developmental responsibility, both by education and practice in order to establish journal club in their own department. Methods A journal club facilitation course was offered to hospital employed NMHPs. Participants were asked to fill out questionnaires prior to, at midterm, 4 months, and 18 months after, course participation. At the 18-month follow-up, their managers were asked to fill out questionnaires. Results are discussed in an analytic framework inspired from research on conducting journal clubs and learning transfer. Findings After 18 months, only three journal clubs were established. Participants and managers mentioned barriers such as time, resources and interest from colleagues. Participants also disputed the management approval. Among the three established journal clubs, the participants stated good management approval, but also a challenge in establishing, preparing and conducting journal clubs. Conclusion Facilitation journal club courses have the potential to increase knowledge and skills. To secure implementation, further transfer strategies need to be considered as part of the course.
Pårørendes rolle som ressurs og samarbeidspartner: En studie med fokus på pårørende til pasienter med demenssykdom i sykehjem
Authors: Rognstad May-Karin , Sagbakken Mette , Nåden Dagfinn 
Published: April 2015

Aim To bring knowledge about how relatives can serve as a resource and cooperate with nursing home staff in giving care to patients with dementia and behavioural symptoms. Background Studies suggests that family members want to retain the role of caregivers also after institutionalization of a family member with dementia. We have little knowledge about how family caregivers and nursing home staff develop a collaborative relationship. Methods The study has a descriptive and explorative design. Data were collected via 11 semi-structured, audiotaped interviews with family members. The analysis is based on Kvale and Brinkman’s three levels of interpretation. Findings Relatives were to a little degree included as a resource for nursing home staff, and they missed a continuous dialog with health personnel in charge of the care. The transition from the role of being an active, responsible caregiver to someone that was not involved and familiar with the daily needs of their family member was perceived as difficult. Conclusion Relatives may be an important resource in the planning of long-term care for their family members. Conscious inclusion and collaboration with relatives can help them remain in their role as caregivers and prevent them from feeling disclosed.
The Role of Ivabradine in Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients With Recent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Authors: Marazia Stefania , Urso Lucia , Contini Marco , Pano Marco , Zaccaria Salvatore , Lenti Vincenzo , Sarullo Filippo M. , Di Mauro Michele 
Published: April 2015

Background: Little is known about ivabradine in cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Methods: In this prospective, randomized study, suitable patients admitted for cardiac rehabilitation after recent CABG were randomized to ivabradine 5 mg twice a day + standard medical therapy including bisoprolol 1.25 mg once daily (group I-BB, n = 38) or standard medical therapy including bisoprolol 2.5 to 3.75 mg once daily (group BB, n = 43). Patients were evaluated at admission, discharge, and 3 months. The primary end point was improvement in functional status, and other end points were improvement in diastolic function and recovery of systolic function. End points were assessed by distance covered in 6-minute walking test (6MWT), percentage with normal diastolic function, and percentage increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Results: Cardiac rehabilitation improved functional capacity in both groups. In group BB, distances covered in the 6MWT at admission, discharge, and 3 months were 215 ± 53, 314 ± 32, and 347 ± 42 m, respectively. Corresponding distances in group I-BB were 180 ± 91, 311 ± 58, and 370 ± 55 m. Normal diastolic function was restored in I-BB patients, increasing from 24% at admission to 50% and 79% at discharge and 3 months; in BB patients, it decreased from 23% to 19% and 16%. The LVEF improved in I-BB patients, from 57% ± 3% at admission to 62% ± 4% at discharge and 66% ± 3% at 3 months, while remaining unchanged in BB patients (57% ± 3%, 59% ± 4%, and 59% ± 3%). Conclusion: Adding ivabradine to low-dose bisoprolol during cardiac rehabilitation in patients with CABG improved functional capacity, enhanced recovery of systolic function, and reduced diastolic dysfunction.
Non-melanoma Skin Cancer in Canada Chapter 3: Management of Actinic Keratoses
Authors: Poulin Yves , Lynde Charles W. , Barber Kirk , Vender Ronald , Claveau Joël , Bourcier Marc , Ashkenas John 
Published: April 2015

Background Actinic keratosis (AK) and cheilitis (AC) are lesions that develop on photodamaged skin and may progress to form invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Objective To provide guidance to Canadian health care practitioners regarding management of AKs and ACs. Methods Literature searches and development of graded recommendations were carried out as discussed in the accompanying introduction (chapter 1 of the NMSC guidelines). Results Treatment of AKs allows for secondary prevention of skin cancer in sun-damaged skin. Because it is impossible to predict whether a given AK will regress, persist, or progress, AKs should ideally be treated. This chapter discusses options for the management of AKs and ACs. Conclusions Treatment options include surgical removal, topical treatment, and photodynamic therapy. Combined modalities may be used in case of inadequate response. AKs are particularly common following the longterm immunosuppression in organ transplant patients, who should be monitored frequently to identify emerging lesions that require surgery.
Emergent conversion of the Ovation Stent Graft System to aortouniiliac modification via occlusion of a unilateral internal iliac artery with a stentgraft as a bailout solution
Authors: Georgakarakos Efstratios , Schoretsanitis Nikolaos , Souftas Vasileios D , Argyriou Chris , Moustafa Erchan , Georgiadis George S , Lazarides Miltos K 
Published: April 2015

Purpose To present a case of inadvertent collapse of the contralateral limb gate caused by misorientation during the deployment of the Ovation Abdominal Stent Graft System in a narrow aortic lumen and the bailout conversion to aortouniiliac modification, using a covered stent to exclude the orifice of the internal iliac artery (IIA). Technique description Despite the repeated efforts from the femoral and brachial site, the collapsed/occluded contralateral limb gate could not be catheterized. In order to exclude successfully the orifice of the IIA, an oversized stentgraft was placed immediately at the common-to-external iliac artery (CIA-EIA) transition followed by peripheral ligation of the latter. The procedure was completed with crossover femorofemoral bypass. Conclusion Occlusion the IIA orifice with an oversized stentgraft in the CIA-EIA transition can be considered as a safe, simple, fast, and efficient bailout maneuver, followed by EIA ligation and crossover bypass.
Identifying Elements of the Health Care Environment That Contribute to Wayfinding
Authors: Pati Debajyoti , Harvey Thomas E. , Willis Douglas A. , Pati Sipra 
Published: April 2015

Objectives: Identify aspects of the physical environment that inform wayfinding for visitors. Compare and contrast the identified elements in frequency of use. Gain an understanding of the role the different elements and attributes play in the wayfinding process. Background: Wayfinding by patients and visitors is a documented problem in healthcare facilities. The few studies that have been conducted have identified some of the environmental elements that influence wayfinding. Moreover, literatures comparing different design strategies are absent. Currently there is limited knowledge to inform prioritization of strategies to optimize wayfinding within capital budget. Methods: A multi-method, non-experimental, qualitative, exploratory study design was adopted. The study was conducted in a large, acute care facility in Texas. Ten healthy adults in five age groups, representing both sexes, participated in the study as simulated visitors. Data collection included (a) verbal protocols during navigation; (b) questionnaire; and (c) verbal directions from hospital employees. Data were collected during Fall 2013. Results: Physical design elements contributing to wayfinding include signs, architectural features, maps, interior elements (artwork, display boards, information counters, etc.), functional clusters, interior elements pairing, structural elements, and furniture. The information is used in different ways - some for primary navigational information, some for supporting navigational information, and some as familiarity markers. Conclusions: The physical environment has a critical role in aiding navigation in healthcare facilities. Architectural feature is the top contributor in the domain of architecture. Artwork (painting, sculpture, etc.) is the top contributor in the domain of interior design.
Glomus Tumors in the Foot
Authors: Trehan Samir K. , Soukup Dylan S. , Mintz Douglas N. , Perino Giorgio , Ellis Scott J. 
Published: April 2015

Glomus tumors are painful, benign neoplasms that frequently are associated with delayed diagnosis. Commonly in the hand, they rarely present in the foot. The purpose of this case series is to characterize the clinical presentation, radiology, pathology, and surgical outcomes associated with foot glomus tumors. We reviewed our pathology database for patients with foot glomus tumors diagnosed between 1995 and 2013. Medical records including physician notes, pathology, and radiology were reviewed. Eleven patients had foot glomus tumors excised at our institution during the study period. The mean age was 45.4 (range = 28-60) years. One patient was lost to follow-up. Mean follow-up for the remaining 10 patients was 44.7 (range = 3-142) months. Ten tumors were located in the subungual region, while 1 was located in the plantar pulp of the distal phalanx. All patients presented with pain. Point tenderness, cold hypersensitivity, and nail abnormalities were variably documented but frequently present. Four patients had had prior surgery for an ingrown toenail prior to presentation at our institution. Six patients had preoperative magnetic resonance imaging studies, which were diagnostic of glomus tumor in all cases except one. Radiographs failed to provide diagnosis in all 8 patients for whom they were obtained. Postoperatively, all patients had complete symptom relief with no recurrences.In conclusion, this case series demonstrates that foot glomus tumors frequently present with classic symptoms including pain, point tenderness, and cold hypersensitivity. When clinically suspected, magnetic resonance imaging should be obtained. Marginal excision results in symptom relief and cure. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case series
Propranolol attenuates hemorrhage and accelerates wound healing in severely burned adults
Authors: Ali Arham , Herndon David N , Mamachen Ashish , Hasan Samir , Andersen Clark R , Grogans Ro-Jon , Brewer Jordan L , Lee Jong O , Heffernan Jamie , Suman Oscar E , Finnerty Celeste C 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIntroductionPropranolol, a nonselective β-blocker, exerts an indirect effect on the vasculature by leaving α-adrenergic receptors unopposed, resulting in peripheral vasoconstriction. We have previously shown that propranolol diminishes peripheral blood following burn injury by increasing vascular resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether wound healing and perioperative hemodynamics are affected by propranolol administration in severely burned adults.MethodsSixty-nine adult patients with burns covering ≥30% of the total body surface area (TBSA) were enrolled in this IRB-approved study. Patients received standard burn care with (n = 35) or without (control, n = 34) propranolol. Propranolol was administered within 48 hours of burns and given throughout hospital discharge to decrease heart rate by approximately 20% from admission levels. Wound healing was determined by comparing the time between grafting procedures. Blood loss was determined by comparing pre- and postoperative hematocrit while factoring in operative graft area. Data were collected between first admission and first discharge.ResultsDemographics, burn size, and mortality were comparable in the control and propranolol groups. Patients in the propranolol group received an average propranolol dose of 3.3 ± 3.0 mg/kg/day. Daily average heart rate over the first 30 days was significantly lower in the propranolol group (P<0.05). The average number of days between skin grafting procedures was also lower in propranolol patients (10 ± 5 days) than in control patients (17 ± 12 days;P= 0.02), indicative of a faster donor site healing time in the propranolol group. Packed red blood cell infusion was similar between groups (control 5.3 ± 5.4 units vs. propranolol 4.4 ± 3.1 units,P= 0.89). Propranolol was associated with a 5 to 7% improvement in perioperative hematocrit during grafting procedures of 4,000 to 16,000 cm2compared to control (P= 0.002).ConclusionsAdministration of propranolol during the acute hospitalization period diminishes blood loss during skin grafting procedures and markedly improves wound healing in severely burned adults. As burn patients require serial surgical interventions for motor and cosmetic repair, restricting blood loss during operative intervention is optimal.
Benefits and harms of mammography screening
Authors: Løberg Magnus , Lousdal Mette Lise , Bretthauer Michael , Kalager Mette 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMammography screening for breast cancer is widely available in many countries. Initially praised as a universal achievement to improve women's health and to reduce the burden of breast cancer, the benefits and harms of mammography screening have been debated heatedly in the past years. This review discusses the benefits and harms of mammography screening in light of findings from randomized trials and from more recent observational studies performed in the era of modern diagnostics and treatment. The main benefit of mammography screening is reduction of breast-cancer related death. Relative reductions vary from about 15 to 25% in randomized trials to more recent estimates of 13 to 17% in meta-analyses of observational studies. Using UK population data of 2007, for 1,000 women invited to biennial mammography screening for 20 years from age 50, 2 to 3 women are prevented from dying of breast cancer. All-cause mortality is unchanged. Overdiagnosis of breast cancer is the main harm of mammography screening. Based on recent estimates from the United States, the relative amount of overdiagnosis (including ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer) is 31%. This results in 15 women overdiagnosed for every 1,000 women invited to biennial mammography screening for 20 years from age 50. Women should be unpassionately informed about the benefits and harms of mammography screening using absolute effect sizes in a comprehensible fashion. In an era of limited health care resources, screening services need to be scrutinized and compared with each other with regard to effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and harms.
Are mesenchymal stem cells in rheumatoid arthritis the good or bad guys?
Authors: De Bari Cosimo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe advancements in our understanding of the inflammatory and immune mechanisms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have fuelled the development of targeted therapies that block cytokine networks and pathogenic immune cells, leading to a considerable improvement in the management of RA patients. Nonetheless, no therapy is curative and clinical remission does not necessarily correspond to non-progression of joint damage. Hence, the biomedical community has redirected scientific efforts and resources towards the investigation of other biological aspects of the disease, including the mechanisms driving tissue remodelling and repair. In this regard, stem cell research has attracted extraordinary attention, with the ultimate goal to develop interventions for the biological repair of damaged tissues in joint disorders, including RA. The recent evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with the ability to differentiate into cartilage are present in joint tissues raises an opportunity for therapeutic interventions via targeting intrinsic repair mechanisms. Under physiological conditions, MSCs in the joint are believed to contribute to the maintenance and repair of joint tissues. In RA, however, the repair function of MSCs appears to be repressed by the inflammatory milieu. In addition to being passive targets, MSCs could interact with the immune system and play an active role in the perpetuation of arthritis and progression of joint damage. Like MSCs, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are part of the stroma of the synovial membrane. During RA, FLSs undergo proliferation and contribute to the formation of the deleterious pannus, which mediates damage to articular cartilage and bone. Both FLSs and MSCs are contained within the mononuclear cell fraction in vitro, from which they can be culture expanded as plastic-adherent fibroblast-like cells. An important question to address relates to the relationship between MSCs and FLSs. MSCs and FLSs could be the same cell type with functional specialisation or represent different functional stages of the same stromal lineage. This review will discuss the roles of MSCs in RA and will address current knowledge of the relative identity between MSCs and FLSs. It will also examine the immunomodulatory properties of the MSCs and the potential to harness such properties for the treatment of RA.
Endothelial cells direct human mesenchymal stem cells for osteo- and chondro-lineage differentiation through endothelin-1 and AKT signaling
Authors: Tsai Tsung-Lin , Wang Bowen , Squire Matthew W , Guo Lian-Wang , Li Wan-Ju 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) reside in a perivascular niche of the body, suggesting that they interact closely with vascular endothelial cells (ECs) through cell-cell interaction or paracrine signaling to maintain cell functions. Endothelin-1 (ET1) is a paracrine factor mainly secreted by ECs. We thus hypothesize that ECs can regulate cellular activities of hMSCs and direct their stem cell fate.

Methods
We investigated whether co-cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were able to regulate expression of potency- and lineage-related markers in bone marrow-derived hMSCs. We further explored the regulatory effects of ET1 on cell proliferation, expression of surface antigens and pluripotency-related markers, and multilineage differentiation in hMSCs. Activation of the AKT signaling pathway in hMSCs was also analyzed to identify its mechanistic role in the ET1-induced regulation.

Results
Co-cultured HAECs enhanced expression of mesenchymal lineage-related markers in hMSCs. Treatment of ET receptor antagonist downregulated the increased expression of CBFA1 in hMSCs cultured with HAEC-conditioned medium. hMSCs treated with ET1 showed cell proliferation and expression of surface antigens, CD73, CD90, and CD105, comparable with those without ET1 treatment. ET1-treated hMSCs also expressed upregulated mRNA transcript levels of OCT3/4, NANOG, CBFA1 and SOX9. When induced for lineage-specific differentiation, hMSCs pre-treated with ET1 showed enhanced osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. However, adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs was not affected by ET1 pretreatment. We further showed that the ET1-induced regulation was mediated by activation of AKT signaling.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that ET1 secreted by HAECs can direct bone marrow-derived hMSCs for osteo- and chondro-lineage differentiation through activation of the AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that ET1 plays a crucial role in regulation of hMSC activity. Our findings may help understand how hMSCs interact with ECs in a perivascular niche.
On some recent coincidence and immediate consequences in partially ordered b-metric spaces
Authors: Huang Huaping , Radenović Stojan , Vujaković Jelena 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe aim of this article is to present, improve and generalize some recent coincidence and coupled coincidence point results from several papers in the framework of partially ordered b-metric spaces. Two examples are also provided to support the superiority of the obtained results.
Discovery of Novel Delafossite-type Compounds Composed of Copper(I) Lithium Titanium with Photocatalytic Activity for H2 Evolution under Visible Light
Authors: Kato Hideki , Fujisawa Tsuyoshi , Kobayashi Makoto , Kakihana Masato 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Novel delafossite-type compounds Cu(Li1/3Ti2/3)O2 with 3R- and 2H-type structures have been discovered through the reaction between Li4Ti5O12 and Cu2O. Cu(Li1/3Ti2/3)O2 is the first Cu(I)-titanate containing no dn (n = 1–9) metal ions. It has been found that Cu(Li1/3Ti2/3)O2 with a band gap of 2.1 eV functions as a photocatalyst for H2 evolution under visible light irradiation.