bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The many MRI faces of invasive lobular carcinoma: a pictorial essay
Authors: Jerković Kristian , Vuković Danica , Budimir Mršić Danijela , Ordulj Ivan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Invasive lobular cancer is the second most common subtype of invasive breast cancer. Due to the wide diversity of histopathological, clinical, and radiological presentations, it can provide diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the highest sensitivity for its detection and the most accurate determination of invasive lobular cancer extent. The aim of our pictorial review was to demonstrate the different presentations of invasive lobular cancer on MRI and thus facilitate the interpretation of imaging findings for radiologists.

Main body of the abstract
The pictorial essay carefully extracted six different MRI presentations of an invasive lobular cancer with brief histopathological and clinical patient data. We showed that invasive lobular cancer presentation on MRI varied, ranged from a single focus to single and multiple lesions, non-mass enhancements of various distributions, and in some cases with nonspecific enhancement curves.

Conclusions
This pictorial essay presented a spectrum of MRI findings of invasive lobular cancer, showing the variety of their appearances. Considering the variety of MRI imaging, the radiologist sometimes has to look for other diagnostic methods for the final interpretation of the imaging findings. We believe that the presentation of different cases will educate radiologists and help in making appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.
Factors influencing limb movements in post-stroke patients
Authors: Theppan Kwunchanok , Suphunnakul Pattama 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability impacting patients’ daily lives. Adequate and ongoing rehabilitation is a necessity. Due to disability problems, rehabilitation in the health care system is limited. Traditional medicine has been promoted in Thailand for stroke rehabilitation, with physical therapy as the primary treatment plan. However, despite more options, many patients still receive inadequate rehabilitation. The development of an appropriate rehabilitation model is still necessary. This study aims to study factors influencing limb movements in post-stroke patients.

Methods
This cross-sectional study comprised 120 ischemic stroke patients obtained by multi-stage sampling in Muang district, Phitsanulok province. The data were collected using questionnaires with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.89. The ability to move the muscles of the limbs of the patients was assessed using the motor power assessment form, and binary logistic regression statistics analyzed the factors influencing limb movements.

Result
Data analysis shows that 76% of the stroke patients were female, 39.3% aged 61–70 years had a mean of 62 years and a standard deviation (S.D.) of 8.9, 4.6% of stroke patients had a duration of illness of 6–12 months, and 94.2% had a caregiver. 53.1% received rehabilitation once a week, and 92.5% received Thai massage. Thai traditional medicine utilization methods consist of Thai massage, herbal compresses, herbal steam, and taking herbal medicines. There are two factors influencing the ability to move the limb muscles of stroke patients as follows: (1) the massage with the Thai traditional medicine rehabilitation method (Adj OR = 28.917, p-value = 0.006) and (2) the number of rehabilitation sessions per week (Adj OR = 2.465, p-value < 0.001). These two variables explain the variance of regaining limb movement among post-stroke patients of 42.5% at a significance level of 0.05. In this analysis, the predictive accuracy was 70%.

Conclusion
Rehabilitation using Thai massage, together with the number of rehabilitation sessions per week, influenced the ability of limb movement in post-stroke patients. In other words, increasing the number of rehabilitation times per week and using Thai massage in rehabilitation will help stroke patients move their limbs better.
Rapid production of monoclonal antibodies from single mouse B cells against FMDV
Authors: Yang Zhengxin , Li Fangtao , Zhang Mengjia , Li Yan , Zhao Qizu , Wang Chunyan , Xu Lu , Liu Yebing , Li Wentao , Zhu Yuanyuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSingle B-cell antibody generation technology is an advanced method that offers several advantages, including rapid production, high efficiency, and high yield. The antibodies generated via this technique retain their natural conformation and are well suited for applications in pathogen diagnosis, disease treatment, and investigations of virus cross-species transmission mechanisms. Our study aimed to establish a platform for generating single B-cell antibodies specifically targeting the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 146S antigen in mice. Female BALB/c mice were immunized with inactivated O-type FMDV 146S antigen, and spleen cells were collected for further analysis. Flow cytometric sorting was performed using a biotin-labeled O-type FMDV 146S antigen as a decoy to identify and select CD19 + /CD21/35 + /CD43-/IgM-/Biotin + antigen-specific individual B cells. The gene sequences encoding the variable regions of the heavy and light chains of the murine IgG antibodies were obtained via single-cell nested PCR amplification. Separate constructs were created for the heavy and light chain plasmids to ensure the proper expression of intact IgG antibodies. These plasmids were cotransfected into human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells, leading to the successful production and purification of 15 specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 10 which exhibited activity in ELISA tests, and six antibodies that displayed activity in IFA tests. These findings highlight the successful development of a method for generating mouse-derived single B-cell antibodies that target FMDV. This achievement provides a solid foundation for diagnostic techniques and the analysis of antigenic structural variations.
Economic Burden of Endometrial Cancer Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Pace Lauren , Markovic Daniela , Buyalos Richard , Bril Fernando , Azziz Ricardo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged females, and women with PCOS are at increased risk for endometrial cancer (EndoCA), the most common gynecological malignancy.

Objective
Our study sought to assess the economic burden associated with EndoCA in PCOS.

Method
Using PRISMA systematic review guidelines, we evaluated studies on EndoCA rates in patients with PCOS. Excluded studies were reviews and case reports, those with nonhuman subjects, without controls, without full text available, or reporting solely on other conditions. Selected studies were assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis used DerSimonian-Laird random effects model to assess pooled risk ratio (RR). Excess cost was assessed in US dollars (USD).

Result
Of 98 studies screened, 9 were included. Pooled RR for EndoCA in PCOS was 3.46 (95% CI, 2.28-5.23), P ≤ .001. In the United States, prevalence of EndoCA in patients with PCOS in 2020 was 1.712%, compared with a baseline estimated prevalence in all women of 0.489%. The excess prevalence of EndoCA attributable to PCOS was 1.223%, approximately 98 348 affected women. A population attributable fraction of EndoCA for PCOS was 24.4%. Given estimated costs of EndoCA exceeding $1.9 billion (in 2023 USD), the economic burden of EndoCA attributable to PCOS exceeds $467 million/year.

Conclusion
The excess annual US healthcare cost for EndoCA attributable to PCOS exceeds $467 million/year (2023 USD). Although a concerning morbidity of PCOS, it is notable that the economic burden of EndoCA attributable to the disorder represents only a small fraction of its total healthcare burden.
Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion in Adults With Friedreich's Ataxia: The Role of Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Tamaroff Jaclyn , Nguyen Sara , Wilson Neil E , Stefanovski Darko , Xiao Rui , Scattergood Theresa , Capiola Christopher , Schur Gayatri Maria , Dunn Julia , Dedio Anna , Wade Kristin , Shah Hardik , Sharma Rohit , Mootha Vamsi K , Kelly Andrea , Lin Kimberly Y , Lynch David R , Reddy Ravinder , Rickels Michael R , McCormack Shana E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a multisystem disorder caused by frataxin deficiency. FRDA-related diabetes mellitus (DM) is common. Frataxin supports skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity, a mediator of insulin sensitivity. Our objective was to test the association between skeletal muscle health and insulin sensitivity and secretion in adults with FRDA without DM.

Methods
Case-control study (NCT02920671). Glucose and insulin metabolism (stable-isotope oral glucose tolerance tests), body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), physical activity (self-report), and skeletal muscle OXPHOS capacity (creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging) were assessed.

Results
Participants included 11 individuals with FRDA (4 female), median age 27 years (interquartile range 23, 39), body mass index 26.9 kg/m2 (24.1, 29.4), and 24 controls (11 female), 29 years (26, 39), 24.4 kg/m2 (21.8, 27.0). Fasting glucose was higher in FRDA [91 vs 83 mg/dL (5.0 vs 4.6 mmol/L), P &lt; .05]. Individuals with FRDA had lower insulin sensitivity (whole-body insulin sensitivity index 2.8 vs 5.3, P &lt; .01), higher postprandial insulin secretion (insulin secretory rate incremental area under the curve 30-180 minutes, 24 652 vs 17,858, P &lt; .05), and more suppressed postprandial endogenous glucose production (−.9% vs 26.9% of fasting endogenous glucose production, P &lt; .05). In regression analyses, lower OXPHOS and inactivity explained some of the difference in insulin sensitivity. More visceral fat contributed to lower insulin sensitivity independent of FRDA. Insulin secretion accounting for sensitivity (disposition index) was not different.

Conclusion
Lower mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity, inactivity, and visceral adiposity contribute to lower insulin sensitivity in FRDA. Higher insulin secretion appears compensatory and, when inadequate, could herald DM. Further studies are needed to determine if muscle- or adipose-focused interventions could delay FRDA-related DM.
Effects of Exercise on Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue in Children With Overweight/Obesity: Role of Liver Fat
Authors: Labayen Idoia , Cadenas-Sánchez Cristina , Idoate Fernando , Gracia-Marco Luis , Medrano María , Alfaro-Magallanes Víctor Manuel , Alcantara Juan M A , Rodríguez-Vigil Beatriz , Osés Maddi , Ortega Francisco B , Ruiz Jonatan R , Cabeza Rafael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Exercise reduces adiposity, but its influence on bone marrow fat fraction (BMFF) is unknown; nor is it known whether a reduction in liver fat content mediates this reduction.

Objectives
This work aimed to determine whether incorporating exercise into a lifestyle program reduces the lumbar spine (LS) BMFF and to investigate whether changes in liver fat mediate any such effect.

Methods
Ancillary analysis of a 2-arm, parallel, nonrandomized clinical trial was conducted at primary care centers in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. A total of 116 children with overweight/obesity were assigned to a 22-week family-based lifestyle program (control group [n = 57]) or the same program plus an exercise intervention (exercise group [n = 59]). The compared interventions consisted of a family-based lifestyle program (two 90-minute sessions/month) and the same program plus supervised exercise (three 90-minute sessions/week). The primary outcome examined was the change in LS-BMFF between baseline and 22 weeks, as estimated by magnetic resonance imaging. The effect of changes in hepatic fat on LS-BMFF were also recorded.

Results
Mean weight loss difference between groups was 1.4 ± 0.5 kg in favor of the exercise group. Only the children in the exercise group experienced a reduction in LS-BMFF (effect size [Cohen d] −0.42; CI, −0.86 to −0.01). Importantly, 40.9% of the reductions in LS-BMFF were mediated by changes in percentage hepatic fat (indirect effect: β=−0.104; 95% CI, −0.213 to −0.019). The effect of changes in hepatic fat on LS-BMFF was independent of weight loss.

Conclusion
The addition of exercise to a family-based lifestyle program designed to reduce cardiometabolic risk improves bone health by reducing LS-BMFF in children with overweight or obesity. This beneficial effect on bone marrow appears to be mediated by reductions in liver fat.
Nuclear Receptor Corepressors NCOR1 and SMRT Regulate Metabolism via Intestinal Regulation of Carbohydrate Transport
Authors: Ritter Megan J , Amano Izuki , van der Spek Anne H , Gower Adam C , Undeutsch Hendrik J , Rodrigues Victor A P , Daniel Hanix E , Hollenberg Anthony N 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Nuclear receptor action is mediated in part by the nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) and the silencing mediator of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT). NCOR1 and SMRT regulate metabolic pathways that govern body mass, insulin sensitivity, and energy expenditure, representing an understudied area in the realm of metabolic health and disease. Previously, we found that NCOR1 and SMRT are essential for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and their knockout (KO) leads to rapid weight loss and hypoglycemia, which is not survivable. Because of a potential defect in glucose absorption, we sought to determine the role of NCOR1 and SMRT specifically in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). We used a postnatal strategy to disrupt NCOR1 and SMRT throughout IECs in adult mice. These mice were characterized metabolically and underwent metabolic phenotyping, body composition analysis, and glucose tolerance testing. Jejunal IECs were isolated and profiled by bulk RNA sequencing. We found that the postnatal KO of NCOR1 and SMRT from IECs leads to rapid weight loss and hypoglycemia with a significant reduction in survival. This was accompanied by alterations in glucose metabolism and activation of fatty acid oxidation in IECs. Metabolic phenotyping confirmed a reduction in body mass driven by a loss of body fat without altered food intake. This appeared to be mediated by a reduction of key intestinal carbohydrate transporters, including SGLT1, GLUT2, and GLUT5. Intestinal NCOR1 and SMRT act in tandem to regulate glucose levels and body weight. This in part may be mediated by regulation of intestinal carbohydrate transporters.
Developmental plasticity of the cardiovascular system in oviparous vertebrates: effects of chronic hypoxia and interactive stressors in the context of climate change
Authors: Lock Mitchell C. , Ripley Daniel M. , Smith Kerri L. M. , Mueller Casey A. , Shiels Holly A. , Crossley Dane A. , Galli Gina L. J. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Animals at early life stages are generally more sensitive to environmental stress than adults. This is especially true of oviparous vertebrates that develop in variable environments with little or no parental care. These organisms regularly experience environmental fluctuations as part of their natural development, but climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of these events. The developmental plasticity of oviparous vertebrates will therefore play a critical role in determining their future fitness and survival. In this Review, we discuss and compare the phenotypic consequences of chronic developmental hypoxia on the cardiovascular system of oviparous vertebrates. In particular, we focus on species-specific responses, critical windows, thresholds for responses and the interactive effects of other stressors, such as temperature and hypercapnia. Although important progress has been made, our Review identifies knowledge gaps that need to be addressed if we are to fully understand the impact of climate change on the developmental plasticity of the oviparous vertebrate cardiovascular system.
Steady as they hover: kinematics of kestrel wing and tail morphing during hovering flights
Authors: Martinez Groves-Raines Mario , Yi George , Penn Matthew , Watkins Simon , Windsor Shane , Mohamed Abdulghani 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Wind-hovering birds exhibit remarkable steadiness in flight, achieved through the morphing of their wings and tail. We analysed the kinematics of two nankeen kestrels (Falco cenchroides) engaged in steady wind-hovering flights in a smooth flow wind tunnel. Motion-tracking cameras were used to capture the movements of the birds as they maintained their position. The motion of the birds' head and body, and the morphing motions of their wings and tail were tracked and analysed using correlation methods. The results revealed that wing sweep, representing the flexion/extension movement of the wing, played a significant role in wing motion. Additionally, correlations between different independent degrees of freedom (DoF), including wing and tail coupling, were observed. These kinematic couplings indicate balancing of forces and moments necessary for steady wind hovering. Variation in flight behaviour between the two birds highlighted the redundancy of DoF and the versatility of wing morphing in achieving control. This study provides insights into fixed-wing craft flight control from the avian world and may inspire novel flight control strategies for future fixed-wing aircraft.
Fish communicate with water flow to enhance a school's social network
Authors: Peterson Ashley N. , Swanson Nathan , McHenry Matthew J. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Schooling fish rely on a social network created through signaling between its members to interact with their environment. Previous studies have established that vision is necessary for schooling and that flow sensing by the lateral line system may aid in a school's cohesion. However, it remains unclear to what extent flow provides a channel of communication between schooling fish. Based on kinematic measurements of the speed and heading of schooling tetras (Petitella rhodostoma), we found that compromising the lateral line by chemical treatment reduced the mutual information between individuals by ∼13%. This relatively small reduction in pairwise communication propagated through schools of varying size to reduce the degree and connectivity of the social network by more than half. Treated schools additionally showed more than twice the spatial heterogeneity of fish with unaltered flow sensing. These effects were much more substantial than the changes that we measured in the nearest-neighbor distance, speed and intermittency of individual fish by compromising flow sensing. Therefore, flow serves as a valuable supplement to visual communication in a manner that is revealed through a school's network properties.
Editorial
Authors: Arcos Design  
Published: August 2024

O presente número da revista Arcos Design busca promover o encontro de narrativas textuais e imagéticas que promovam outras formas de pensar, narrar e praticar mundos, propondo o título Designs por vir: pensar, narrar e praticar outros mundos. A temática ecoa e amplia o seminário de mesmo nome organizado na Esdi/UERJ entre 31 agosto e 1 de setembro de 2023.
Neste volume, reiteramos nossa política editorial de reservar uma edição para trazer editores convidados que contribuam com a ampliação das temáticas do campo.
Para representar outras representações, narrar outras narrativas e, por fim, praticar outras práticas convidamos as editoras Carolina Noury (Esdi/UERJ) e Marina Sirito (UFRJ), organizadoras do evento, para lançarem esta chamada temática.
Designs por vir: pensar, narrar e praticar outros mundos conta com 5 palestras, e 17 artigos de 38 autores. A edição também apresenta a seção de artigos submetidos em fluxo contínuo em ampla temática que conta com 5 artigos de 11 autores.
Também inauguramos a seção Dossiê ESDI, composta exclusivamente por artigos submetidos por docentes, discentes e egressos vinculados à Esdi/UERJ. A proposta desta seção é uma permanente construção que registre a produção acadêmica agora e ao longo das próximas edições. Embora se trate de uma chamada interna, a seção conta com avaliação duplo-cega de avaliadores exclusivamente externos à UERJ. Nesta edição, contamos com dois artigos de duas autoras egressas do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design da UERJ (PPDESDI).
Esta edição da revista Arcos Design reflete a produção de 16 universidades brasileiras e 1 universidade estrangeira.
Desejamos uma boa leitura!
André Carvalho, Esdi/UERJBarbara Necyk, Esdi/UERJCarolina Noury, Esdi/UERJRicardo Artur P. Carvalho, Esdi/UERJ
CHARACTERISTICS OF SCIATICA PATIENTS LISTED FOR A SPINAL EPIDURAL STEROID INJECTION AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES: RESULTS FROM THE POISE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Stynes S. , Daud N. , Cherrington A. , Snell K.I.E. , Konstantinou K. , O'Dowd J. , Ostelo R. , Dunn K.M. , Foster N.E. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundClinical guidelines recommend epidural steroid injection (ESI) for severe sciatica but there is uncertainty of effectiveness. The POiSE study aims to identify factors, routinely collected in clinical practice that predict outcome in patients who have ESI. This presentation describes characteristics and early clinical outcomes of POiSE participants.MethodsProspective cohort study in 19 NHS spinal services in England, inviting patients with sciatica listed for an ESI. Participant baseline characteristics and 6-week follow-up outcomes are presented. Outcomes include pain intensity (0–10 NRS), disability (Oswestry Disability Index 0–100) and global change in symptoms.ResultsOver 24 months, 693 patients were invited to participate and 353 (51%) completed baseline questionnaires. Mean (SD) age 49.0 years (14.4), 60% female, and 46% (n=101) of those in work had certified time-off for sciatica. Mean pain intensity was 7.2 (2.0) and 6.2 (2.7) for leg and back pain respectively and mean disability (ODI) was 46.5 (18). 60% (n=210) had leg pain for >6 months. Average confidence at baseline (0 to 10) that the ESI would help symptoms was 5.7 (2.4).Of 217 patients reaching 6-week follow-up, mean leg and back pain intensity is 5.0 (2.8) and 4.9 (2.9) respectively and ODI 36.6 (20.4), with 57% reporting improvement (completely recovered/much better/better). Follow-up data collection at 6, 12 and 24-weeks post-ESI is ongoing.ConclusionInterim analysis shows only just over half of patients are reporting improvement at 6 weeks post ESI. The POiSE cohort study will help better identify the patients with sciatica who are most likely to benefit from this treatment.Conflicts of interestNoneSources of fundingThis study is supported by Health Education England and the National Institute for Health and Care Research (HEE/ NIHR ICA Programme Clinical Lectureship, Dr Siobhan Stynes, NIHR300441). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health and Social Care