bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Effects of COVID-19 on Suicide Attempts in Budapest: A Focus on Violent and Non-Violent Attempts
Authors: Bérdi M. , Hajduska-Dér N. , Sebők B. , Szeifert N. , Bálint L. , Szilágyi S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn Hungary, in contrast to most other countries, suicide deaths increased significantly during the first year of the COVID-19 epidemic (March to December 2020). Globally, the burden of emergency care in the healthcare system tended to decrease during the first period of the epidemic.ObjectivesOur research aimed to evaluate the changes in the number of intentional suicide attempts by violent and non-violent means during the first two years of the epidemic, compared to the trend before March 2020 in the Budapest metropolitan area and Pest County.MethodsWe analyzed psychiatric assessment reports of self-poisoning patients admitted to Péterfy Hospital’s Emergency Department and Clinical Toxicology from Jan 2019 to Dec 2021 to estimate non-violent suicide attempt trends. We analyzed patient data for violent suicide attempts treated at Dr. Manninger Jenő Trauma Centre from 2016-2021, focusing on trends during the first two years of the pandemic. Negative binomial regression estimates were used for interrupted time series analysis with Prais-Winsten regression, controlling for time and seasonal and autoregressive effects. We used change-point detection to examine the leveling of trends. The Institutional Review Board approved the research in both institutions. Approval numbers: 08-2022 (Péterfy Hospitaly) and 19-2021 (Traumatology Center).ResultsThe number of male non-violent suicide attempts decreased by 16.6% compared with the pre-epidemic period (p<0.001). A similar and significant decrease was observed in females and in the total population (Image 1). The female and total population trends, i.e., the decrease, were reversed by August 2020, and the male trends were reversed by October 2020. The total number of patients treated for violent suicide attempts increased significantly (p<0.05) during the first two years of the pandemic (Image 2). There was a slight increase in violent attempts in men and a small decrease in women, but these changes are not statistically significant.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsWe hypothesize that those who tried to end their life through non-violent drug use were less inclined to seek assistance because they were concerned about being hospitalized during the COVID-19 outbreak. The surge in violent attempts is striking, as it correlates with the rise in suicide fatalities documented in Hungary during the initial year of the outbreak. Our data was obtained from two prominent public hospitals in Budapest, enabling us to conduct a more concentrated and thorough examination of the circumstances in the capital.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) among psychiatric emergency patients at the emergency unit of a university hospital in Belgium (UZ Leuven). A twenty year perspective using cross-sectional data.
Authors: Van Eldere L. , Claes S. , Voorspoels W. , Sabbe M. , Bruffaerts R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSuicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) are a serious public health problem. Suicide prevention programs have been established over the years, but many people who are suicidal do not seek treatment, and when they do, they end up in low-threshold sectors such as the Emergency Department in general hospitals. Previous studies about STB at the ED are mostly narrative, rather than a date-driven approach and limited in sample size .ObjectivesThis study describes the prevalence and evolution over time of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal attempts (SA) in terms of sociodemographic, clinical and service use variables of the psychiatric patient referred to the Emergency Department of the University Hospital Gasthuisberg (Leuven, Belgium) over a 20 year period.MethodsDuring a 20 year period (2002-2022), all patients with a psychiatric referral to the Psychiatric Emergency Department (PED) of the University Hospital Gasthuisberg (Leuven) were included (N˜18.000). We use descriptive statistics to summarize the data set, focusing on STB in terms of sociodemographic, clinical and service use variables.ResultsAround 1/10 patients presents with SA; another 1/5 with SI. Despite several reforms, SI and SA have remained relatively stable over the years. Notably, there is a higher prevalence of referrals for females in both SI and SA compared to males. However, there has been a notable increase in male SA cases over time. In the age group 36-49, both sexes exhibit the highest percentages of SI and SA cases, with exception for women in SI, where the age category 18-25 has the most referrals. Approximately one-third of male patients referred with STB have never accessed outpatient care, underscoring a critical gap in mental health services for this demographic.ConclusionsDespite several reforms in mental health care, the PED remains a major entry point into mental healthcare for large proportions of STB patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Association between Religiosity/Spirituality and Substance Use among Homeless Individuals
Authors: Vitorino L. M. , Camargo P. H. F. , Tostes J. G. , Ferreira J. C. L. , de Oliveira L. A. G. , Possetti J. G. , Silva M. T. , Guimarães M. V. C. , Alckmin-Carvalho F. , Lucchetti G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAlcohol and illicit drug use are highly prevalent among the homeless population. Religiosity and spirituality (RS) have been widely associated with lower substance use. However, evidence of this relationship among the homeless is still scarce.ObjectivesTo assess the association between RS and the use of alcohol and illicit drugs among the homeless population of a large Brazilian urban center.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in São Paulo, Brazil. Aspects such as spirituality (FACIT-Sp12), religiosity (P-DUREL), religious-spiritual coping (Brief-RCOPE), and self-applied questions about current substance use (alcohol and illicit drugs) were evaluated. Adjusted Logistic Regression models were performed.ResultsA total of 456 homeless individuals were included, with an average age of 44.5 (SD=12.6) years. More than half of the participants used alcohol (55.7%) weekly and 34.2% used illicit drugs weekly. The adjusted Logistic Regression models identified that aspects of RS were associated with a lower propensity for alcohol and illicit drug use, whereas negative religious-spiritual coping strategies were associated with a higher propensity for the use of both.ConclusionsThe prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug use among participants was high. Positive RS and religious-spiritual coping were significant protective factors against the use of these substances. Conversely, negative religious-spiritual coping strategies were associated with risk factors.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Clinical features and factors related to suicidal ideation in adult patients with benzodiazepine use disorder
Authors: Querol Clares P. , Ortega Fernandez G. , Palma Alvarez R.-F. , Daigre C. , Alijotas Capdevila M. , Ramos Quiroga J.-A. , Grau Lopez L. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBenzodiazepine use disorder (BUD) has been associated with the presence of suicidal ideation (SI) in general population. It seems there is an overall increase in the risk of attempting suicide due to the increase of impulsivity, rebound and withdrawal of those who use benzodiazepines(1). However, this association has been scarcely studied.ObjectivesTo explore the prevalence, clinical features and factors related to lifetime SI in adults with BUD.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in an outpatient center for addiction treatment between 01/01/2010 and 12/31/2021. Adult patients who met criteria for active BUD were included. Patients with language barriers, cognitive impairments and those who were participating in any clinical trial were excluded. All patients were evaluated with an ad-hoc questionnaire, EuropASI (European Addiction Severity Index), BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) and HRQoL SF-36 (Health-related quality of life according to SF-36). Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed comparing BUD patients with or without SI.Results554 patients were included (65.2% males; M age 42.6±12.6 years). SI was reported in 57.2% of the patients. Regarding the sociodemographic variables, any type of lifetime abuse was correlated with SI (67.8%, 73.5% and 77.8% of the patients with emotional, physical and sexual abuse respectively). Considering the different psychiatric features studied, having any psychiatric diagnosis increased SI up to 64%. Depressive and cluster B personality disorders were the ones with a higher presence of SI (67.1% and 68.1% respectively). Anxiety and cluster A personality disorders had also higher proportions of SI (56.1% and 58,7% respectively). Regarding the different assessment instruments used, a higher punctuation on BDI score was seen in the group of patients with SI (23.73±12.86). The scores also showed a worse perception of the mental quality of life of those people with SI, measured by HRQoL (13.76 and 36.82±31.93 in patients with SI and no SI respectively). Considering the EuropASI, there was an increased proportion of SI in those patients with a worse familiar situation (0.44±0.30), a higher alcohol consumption (0.26±0.28) and a worse psychological condition (0.48±0.24).ConclusionsThe prevalence of SI in patients with BUD is significative and is related to several clinical factors. Those factors should be taken into account in daily clinical practice, research, and any health policies on suicide. Further research should be developed.1. Dodds, T.J. ‘Prescribed benzodiazepines and suicide risk’, The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders 2017; 19(2).Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Effect of Depression on Smartphone Addiction: The Medicating Effects of Interpersonal Problem in Korean Adolescents
Authors: Seo Y. , Nam Y. , Lee J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionProblematic smartphone use is twice as common among teenagers as it is among adults. Smartphone addiction is associated with anxiety, depression, attention deficit disorder, impulsivity, and sleep problems, among other issues.ObjectivesTo assess whether interpersonal relationship problems mediate the relationship between smartphone addiction and depression among adolescents (ages 12-17) currently enrolled in middle and high school.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 653 middle and high school students living in Wonju, South Korea between September 1 and November 30, 2019. Depression was measured by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). In order to evaluate smartphone addiction, the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Form Version (SAS-SV) was used. To examine interpersonal problems, the Korea Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex scale (KIIP-SC) was employed. We used the dplyr package to check for skew, kurtosis, and create density plots. Scatterplots and Pearson correlation analysis were used to examine the relationships between the main variables. For the mediation analysis, we used the 8 sub-scales of KIIP-SC (Domineering, Vindictive, Cold, Socially avoidant, Nonassertive, Exploitable, Overly Nurturant, Intrusive) as mediators and conducted a mediation analysis with 10,000 bootstrap samples using the lavaan package in R, version 4.2.2. Each analysis was evaluated based on a 95% confidence interval to determine significance.ResultsDepression, interpersonal problems, and smartphone addiction exhibited significant positive correlations with each other. The direct effect of smartphone addiction was found to be significant. The association between depression and smartphone addiction was mediated by the KIIP-HI (Nonassertive), the KIIP-JK (Exploitable) and the KIIP-NO (Intrusive).ConclusionsInterpersonal problems mediate the relationship between depression and smartphone addiction. Identifying the high-risk group is essential for treatment strategy development.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A nosological approach to brief psychotic disorders and acute and transient psychoses
Authors: Coelho C. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAcute and transient psychoses (International Classification of Diseases) and Brief Psychotic Disorders (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) constitute heterogeneous nosological groups, which have undergone successive reformulations in the past decades, remaining doubts regarding their diagnostic validity and independence.ObjectivesThis work aims to review the nosological evolution of these complex and neglected groups.MethodsA review of the literature was conducted using PubMed and The Cochrane Library. The following terms were used: “acute and transient psychoses”; “brief psychotic disorders”; “cycloid psychosis”; “reactive psychosis”.ResultsSince the early 20th century, a group of non-affective psychoses with acute onset and brief duration have been described in different countries and under various names, such as bouffeé delirante, reactive psychosis or cycloid psychosis, denominations still present in ICD-9. In presente-day classifications, as ICD-10 and DSM-IV, an effort was made to homogenise the various regional and national concepts creating the group of ‘Brief Psychoses’ (DSM) or ‘Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorders’ (ICD). The marked heterogeneity and low diagnostic stability of these groups, mainly based on temporal criteria, has posed significant obstacles to further research and conceptualization. Given these difficulties, the latest revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) brought about a substantial change, restricting this diagnosis to polymorphic psychotic conditions of acute onset and rapid resolution, subgroup with greater diagnostic stability and characteristics distinct clinical features.ConclusionsThe relevance of a better clarification for this nosological group is evident in the successive changes over the last century. ICD 11, once again, substantially changed the diagnostic criteria and the scope of this nosological entity, leaving doubts about the independent nature of this group, its connection to schizophrenia, as an attenuated form (more common in women and in developing countries), or even as a form of psychosis that is closer to affective disorders (due to its clinical evolution). Although little explored, this issue remains a source of doubt and interest, calling into question the Kraepelinian dichotomy for the so-called endogenous psychoses.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Impact of Internet Use on the Parameters of Attention in Adults
Authors: Mihai A. , Rebeca-Isabela M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionInternet use in the adult population is growing at alarming rates. The latest statistical data show an average internet usage time of 6 hours and 58 minutes (2023), an increase of 1% compared to 2021. Research studies on the influence of the excess use of internet on attention is in its prime years, and clear steps need to be made in an attempt to clarify current hypotheses and to find effective methods for prevention. Nowadays, one of the most powerful influences on attention is the use of the internet, which, more often than not, crosses the line of addiction.ObjectivesThe initial hypothesis is that in the event of exposure to a high number of stimuli, the ability to switch attention to a single task may only be possible at a superficial level. The aim of this study was to assess the impact that excess internet use has on the ability to maintain attention in the adult population. The present study aims to sketch a well-established structure and direction of research in the field of attention and its effects on human functioning.MethodsUsing the DSM 5-TR diagnostic criteria for pathological Internet gaming disorder we enrolled 60 people who expressed their consent to participate in the study. We check psychiatric comorbidities using SCID II. As a method for evaluating changes in the level of attention, we used of the Stroop test. The results were analysed with the SPSS program (version 23).ResultsThe results showed a marked decrease in the ability to maintain attention, without increasing the number of stimuli. Although excessive Internet use leads to changes in attention parameters, research in this area is scarce and incomplete. Currently, most of the published studies focus on a causal relationship between the pathological use of the Internet and the appearance of attention deficit/hyperkinetic disorder, especially in children and adolescents. Although the results are promising, we cannot neglect the multitude of additional consequences of excess Internet use, which these studies targeting a single pathology overlook. Moreover, using the Internet involves exposure to an ever-increasing number of stimuli, which is why switching attention and maintaining it is currently an insufficiently researched parameter. Regarding the impact of Internet use on individual functioning, there is a relatively modest number of studies in the literature that outline a correlation between excess Internet use and various psychiatric comorbidities.ConclusionsThe impact of the research on the general population could be an increased awareness of negative effects and the development of prevention programs.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The neuro-psychological manifestations of COVID-19 in healthcareworkers
Authors: Ghenim A. , Kacem I. , Chouchane A. , Aloui A. , Sridi C. , Fekih A. , Hafsia M. , Maoua M. , Kahloul M. , Mrizak N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAt the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, respiratory expression of SARS-CoV-2 infection was the most worrying one. Later, other symptoms appeared to be more disturbing such as neurological and psychiatric manifestations, which may be due to direct or indirect effects of this virus on the central nervous system.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of neuropsychological manifestations of covid-19 in healthcareworkers and to identify their risk factors.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological study, carried out in the teaching hospitals of Farhat Hached and Sahloul of Sousse. All healthcareworkers, having tested positive for SARS-COV 2 during the period from 01/09/2020 to 28/02/2021 were enrolled. The collection of socio-professional and medical data was based on a pre-established synoptic form completed during an interview with the participants.ResultsA total of 953 COVID-19 patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 40.1 ± 10.5 years, with a sex ratio of 0.32. In our sample, 37.9% of patients had comorbidities such as psychiatric history (4.9%) and neurological history (2.4%). The prevalence of neuropsychological manifestations of covid-19 was 72.6%. The main neuropsychological manifestations were headache (50.3%), anosmia (40.7%), dysgeusia (29.9%), sleep disturbances (0.5%), dizziness (1, 2%) and paresthesia (0.3%).Neuropsychological symptoms of long covid were dominated by memory impairment (10.7%), anosmia (8.5%), headache (7.3%), dizziness (3.4%) and sleep disturbances (3.1%).The occurrence of neuropsychological manifestations was significantly associated with age (OR=1.6; p<10-3), male gender (OR= 0.57; p=0.03), smoking (OR=1.7; p=0.033), history of hypertension (OR=1.6; p=0.038), history of diabetes (OR=2.4; p<10-3) and hospitalization (OR=4.03 ; p<10-3).ConclusionsThe high prevalence of neuropsychological manifestations underlines the importance of studying their pathogenesis in order to better adapt their therapeutic protocols.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Dysregulated metabolic sensing of appetite in anorexia nervosa: implications of LEAP-2 regulation
Authors: Tezenas Du Montcel C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGrowing interests on the role of metabolic sensors in anorexia nervosa led to implicate metabolic sensing as consequences of anorectic sensing but also in the perpetuation of the disorder. Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide secreted by the fundic cells of the stomach in situation of fasting and kown to initiate food intake through its activity on hypothalamic and motivation aspect of food intake. A body opf evidenc previously showed that patients suffering from anorexia nervosa display high plasma levels of ghrelin correlated with the nutritionnal status but his orexigenic signal do not seem to modify restrictive behavior. LEAP-2 (Liver Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide 2) is a recently discovered endogenous ghrelmin antagonist, increased during overnutrition and that decreases food intake in humans and animals.We explored ghanges of ghrelin and LEAP-2 in a longitudinal cohort of 30 patients suffering from anorexia nervosa during a 4 months refeeding program. We show abnormal regulation of LEAP-2 in patients with higher levels in acute stages that decrease with refeeding. This abnormal regulation was associated with early relapse in patients. This abnormal regulation could counteract with the orexigenic signal of ghrelin in patients.We discuss these results in light with recent evidence on the consequences of LEAP-2 increase of food intake and hedonic feeding relevant in understanding anorexia nervosa.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared