bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bio‐Inspired Janus Patch for Treating Abdominal Wall Defects
Authors: Liu Ziting , Liu Jiahui , Bai Yutong , Wu Shuilin , Zhao Jie , Ren Luquan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractImplantable biomedical patch used in treating abdominal wall defects requires antibacterial, anti‐adhesion, and pro‐healing activities to ensure surgical success and prevent postsurgical complications. However, it often encounters challenges in fulfilling these three critical properties simultaneously, as these processes can always be contradictory during treatment. Herein, to break the barriers between bactericidal activity and cytocompatibility, cell adhesion and anti‐adhesion, a bio‐inspired patch with an asymmetric Janus structure is developed. This bio‐inspired Janus patch features cicada wing‐inspired nanostructures on its top surface, enabling both mechano–bactericidal effects and promotion of fibroblast adhesion and proliferation, which stems from its inherent “selective biocidal activity” toward bacteria and mammalian cells. Subsequently, a poly‐zwitterion layer with robust nonfouling properties is grafted on the bottom surface, realizing cell adhesion and anti‐adhesion on two sides of the same patch. Compared to the commercially available polypropylene (PP) meshes, the top surface of the Janus patch, which faces the abdominal wall, demonstrates superior capabilities in preventing postoperative infection and promoting tissue repair. Simultaneously, the other side facing the viscera efficiently prevents any visceral tissue adhesion. With these prominent performances, the bio‐inspired Janus patch presents a pioneering strategy for designing next‐generation patches to treat abdominal wall defects.
Engineering Collinear Magnetization in Hexagonal LuFeO3 and Magnetoelectric Control of Skyrmions in Hexagonal 2D Epilayers
Authors: Swamynadhan M. J. , O'Hara Andrew , Ghosh Saurabh , Pantelides Sokrates T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCubic, perovskite‐structure ABO3‐ and A1−xA'xBO3‐type oxides have been investigated extensively while their hexagonal structure versions have not, even though they are multiferroic and can form heterostructures with hexagonal 2D materials. In particular, multiferroic 2D epilayers may lead to strong magnetoelectric coupling. Hexagonal RFeO3 ferrites, where R is a rare‐earth element (Lu, Yb, etc.), are excellent candidates, but their ferromagnetism is weak. In this work, density‐functional‐theory (DFT) calculations are employed and first show that heavy electron doping of hexagonal LuFeO3 (h‐LFO), namely Lu1−xHfxFeO3 (h‐LHFO), leads to spin‐disproportionation of the Fe sublattices and, especially for x = 1/2 and 2/3, to robust, room‐temperature, out‐of‐plane, collinear ferrimagnetism that is stabilized by a Jahn–Teller metal‐to‐insulator transition. h‐LHFO/h‐2D heterostructures are then shown, where h‐2D is the FE/FM monolayer MnSTe, to stabilize skyrmions without an external magnetic field and their chirality is controlled by an external electric field through the h‐LHFO polarization, opening up a new realm for magnetoelectric applications.
Embedded Fluidic Sensing and Control with Soft Open‐Cell Foams
Authors: Rajappan Anoop , Liu Zhen , Yap Te Faye , Rasheed Rawand M. , Preston Daniel J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of soft matter intelligence with circuit‐driven logic has enabled a new class of robots that perform complex tasks or conform to specialized form factors in unique ways that cannot be realized through conventional designs. Translating this hybrid approach to fluidic systems, the present work addresses the need for sheet‐based circuit materials by leveraging the innate porosity of foam—a soft material—to develop pneumatic components that support digital logic, mixed‐signal control, and analog force sensing in wearables and soft robots. Analytical tools and experimental techniques developed in this work serve to elucidate compressible gas flow through porous sheets, and to inform the design of centimeter‐sized foam resistors with fluidic resistances on the order of 109 Pa s m−3. When embedded inside soft robots and wearables, these resistors facilitate diverse functionalities spanning both sensing and control domains, including digital logic using textile logic gates, digital‐to‐analog signal conversion using ladder networks, and analog sensing of forces up to 40 N via compression‐induced changes in resistance. By combining features of both circuit‐based and materials‐based approaches, foam‐enabled fluidic circuits serve as a useful paradigm for future hybrid robotic architectures that fully embody the sensing and computing capabilities of soft fluidic materials.
Impact of Defects and Disorder on the Stability of Ta3N5 Photoanodes
Authors: Wolz Lukas M. , Grötzner Gabriel , Rieth Tim , Wagner Laura I. , Kuhl Matthias , Dittloff Johannes , Zhou Guanda , Santra Saswati , Streibel Verena , Munnik Frans , Sharp Ian D. , Eichhorn Johanna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe photoelectrochemical performance of Ta3N5 photoanodes is strongly impacted by the presence of shallow and deep defects within the bandgap. However, the role of such states in defining stability under operational conditions is not well understood. Here, a highly controllable synthesis approach is used to create homogenous Ta3N5 thin films with tailored defect concentrations to establish the relationship between atomic‐scale point defects and macroscale stability. Reduced oxygen contents increase long‐range structural order but lead to high concentrations of deep‐level states, while higher oxygen contents result in reduced structural order but beneficially passivate deep‐level defects. Despite the different defect properties, the synthesized photoelectrodes degrade similarly under water oxidation conditions due to the formation of a surface oxide layer that blocks interfacial hole injection and accelerates charge recombination. In contrast, under ferrocyanide oxidation conditions, it is found that Ta3N5 films with high oxygen concentrations exhibit long‐term stability, whereas those possessing lower oxygen contents and higher deep‐level defect concentrations rapidly degrade. These results indicate that deep‐level defects result in rapid trapping of photocarriers and surface oxidation but that shallow oxygen donors can be introduced into Ta3N5 to enable kinetic stabilization of the interface.
4D Printing of Multifunctional Devices Induced by Synergistic Role of Magnetite and Silver Nanoparticles in Polymeric Nanocomposites
Authors: Cosola Andrea , Roppolo Ignazio , Frascella Francesca , Napione Lucia , Barrera Gabriele , Tiberto Paola , Turbant Florian , Arluison Veronique , Caldelari Isabelle , Mercier Noémie , Castellino Micaela , Aubrit Florian , Rizza Giancarlo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmerging as a revolutionary strategy to fabricate dynamic three dimesional (3D) structures, 4D printing (4DP) mainly refers to printed materials capable of changing form over time when exposed to a predetermined stimulus. Nevertheless, the 4D concept can be extended beyond shape‐morphing, by including also changes in the properties and/or functionalities of printed materials over time. To this end, this work explores the 4DP of multifunctional nanocomposites that can adapt to different application scenarios exploiting the stimuli‐activable properties of two functional nanofillers embedded into the polymeric matrix. In particular, a photocurable system loaded with both Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and AgNO3, as precursors for the in situ photo‐induced generation of Ag NPs, is used for the digital light processing of magnetic nanocomposites with integrated electrical and antibacterial functions. The composition of formulations is designed to both optimize their printability and maximize the magneto‐responsiveness and the electrical conductivity and/or antibacterial activity of the printed objects, given by Fe3O4 and Ag NPs, respectively. Finally, it is shown that the functional responses of the nanocomposites can be activated individually or in combination, which may be of particular interest for the fabrication of smart multifunctional devices with potential applications ranging from soft electronics to biomedicine.
High‐Performance Zn2+‐Crosslinked MXene Fibers for Versatile Flexible Electronics
Authors: Cao Xiaohui , Wu Guiqing , Li Kerui , Hou Chengyi , Li Yaogang , Zhang Qinghong , Wang Hongzhi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe advent of flexible electronics has prompted the development of functional fibers with superior mechanical and electrical properties. MXenes, a novel family of 2D functional materials, have a variety of potential applications in flexible electronics. Herein, wet‐spinning is employed to continuously assemble Ti3C2Tx MXene liquid crystals into macroscopic fibers. Meanwhile, Zn2+ is introduced into the fiber to eliminate the electrostatic repulsion between the MXene nanosheets and enhance interlayer interactions and sheet alignment. The as‐obtained MXene fibers have strong mechanical strength (150.7 MPa), high electrical conductivity (3637.9 S cm−1), and good flexibility that facilitates weaving and knotting, making them suitable for fabric‐like flexible devices. The sound pressure sensors are woven from MXene fibers, which feature quick response time (286 ms) and recovery time (642 ms), ultra‐high sensitivity (280.2 kPa−1), and a low detection limit (0.1 Pa). Sound detection and recording are achieved using this sensor. MXene fibers as wearable thermal management devices are also demonstrated, exhibiting fast Joule thermal responses and good cycling stability.
Room Temperature Emission Line Narrowing and Long‐Range Photon Transport in Colloidal Quantum Wells Coupled to Metasurface Resonance
Authors: Sharma Komal , Rout Dipak , Nag Amitrajit , P Venkatachalam , Selvaraja Shankar Kumar , Agarwal Girish S. , Basu Jaydeep K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHighly efficient and spectrally pure single photon sources are desirable in fundamental studies of quantum physics and in many varied applications like in quantum metrology and quantum cryptography. 2D semiconductor colloidal quantum wells (CQWs) are quite appropriate as nanoscale photon sources because of their giant oscillator strengths and large absorption cross sections. The integration of such sources with dielectric metasurfaces exhibiting narrow resonances provides an excellent platform for highly efficient light‐matter interactions and the development of on‐chip light sources with high spectral purity. Here details on the use of capillary filling method are reported to achieve photonic coupling of CQWs to a metasurface resonator (MSR) featuring a square‐lattice geometry of holes on a slab‐waveguide to achieve strongly enhanced and almost spectrally pure emission of ≈3% of the original out‐of‐plane emission line‐width of the quantum emitters at room temperature. Long‐range exciton‐mediated photon transport facilitated by in‐plane slab waveguide modes is demonstrated and a theoretical basis to explain all the experimental data including that in terms of the MSR‐modified Lamb shifts and Purcell decays is provided. The results demonstrate a new platform with emergent photonic properties and suggest possibility of their use in on‐chip photonic quantum information processing.
Redox‐Neutral Vicarious‐Type Nucleophilic Amination of Heterocyclic N‐Oxides with Organic Azides
Authors: Min Jeonghyun , Min Sujin , Chung Eunjae , Moon Kyeongwon , Kim Hyung Sik , Jeong Taejoo , Rakshit Amitava , Singh Pargat , Park Jung Su , Kim In Su 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSite‐selective amination of N‐heterocycles is an interesting topic in organic synthesis and drug discovery. We herein present a method for the vicarious‐type nucleophilic amination of azine N‐oxides and cyclic iminoamides using iminyl anions, readily generated from organic azides under basic conditions. The plausible reaction mechanism involving nucleophilic aromatic substitution by iminyl anions is elucidated by a series of mechanistic investigations.
Highly Sensitive Hybrid Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Ferris‐Wheel‐Like Structure for Ocean Wave Energy Harvesting
Authors: Li Songying , Chen Chunjin , Guo Dongxin , Liu Heng , Ning Heng , Liu Guanlin , Wan Lingyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOcean wave energy represents a widely distributed and abundant clean, renewable energy source. However, its efficient harnessing remains a challenge. In this study, a triboelectric‐electromagnetic hybrid generator of a Ferris‐wheel‐like structure (FWS‐TEHG) with magnetic repulsion assistance is proposed to effectively enhance the collection of low‐frequency and low‐amplitude water wave energy. The Ferris‐wheel shell and the internal rotator are designed with a phase difference to heighten the swing amplitude, while the introduction of magnetic repulsion augments the motion frequency. The device has demonstrated excellent performance in low‐frequency conditions, from laboratory to ocean wave tests. Operating at a frequency of 0.5 Hz and a swing angle of 12° on a six‐freedom platform, it lights up 64 LEDs with a power rating of 2 W. Triggered by simulated water waves with a frequency of 1 Hz, the FWS‐TEHG charges a 19 mF capacitor at an average charging rate of ≈0.58 W h−1, powering a water‐level alarm. In oceanic conditions, the FWS‐TEHG effectively harvests energy from water waves by exhibiting an output frequency approximately four to five times higher than that of the primary frequency of ocean waves, thus enabling it to power electrical devices such as temperature–humidity meters efficiently. This study provides a valuable reference for advancing the practical application of nanogenerators in natural ocean environments.
Effects of tariff and non‐tariff barriers on India‐US agricultural trade
Authors: Choi Yejun , Acharya Ram N. , Devadoss Stephen , Regmi Madhav 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIndia has a growing demand for high‐value agricultural products due to rising incomes, urbanization, and consumer preferences. The United States is currently India's fifth‐largest supplier of agricultural products. However, trade barriers restrict bilateral trade between these two nations, and both countries are evaluating the prospects for lowering trade restrictions and enhancing bilateral trade. We employ a gravity model to analyze the effects of trade policies on India‐US bilateral trade and the potential implications for global agricultural trade. The results indicate that elimination of tariffs significantly boosts US exports to India and lowers Indian domestic prices, particularly for tree nuts, fresh fruit, and distilled spirits.
Cerebral arteriolosclerosis, lacunar infarcts, and cognition in older Black adults
Authors: Fleischman Debra A. , Arfanakis Konstantinos , Leurgans Sue E. , Arvanitakis Zoe , Lamar Melissa , Han S. Duke , Poole Victoria N. , Bennett David A. , Barnes Lisa L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONOlder Black adults are at risk of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), which contributes to dementia risk. Two subtypes of CSVD, arteriolosclerosis and ischemic lacunar infarcts, have been independently linked to lower cognition and higher dementia risk, but their combined effects on cognition in older Black adults are unclear.METHODSMixed models were used to examine the associations of in vivo measures of arteriolosclerosis (ARTS) and ischemic lacunar infarcts to cognitive level and change in 370 older Black adults without dementia. RESULTSModeled together, higher ARTS load accounted for lower levels of global cognition, episodic memory, semantic memory, and perceptual speed, whereas higher infarct load accounted for lower levels of working memory. There were no associations with rate of cognitive change.DISCUSSIONBoth arteriolosclerosis and ischemic infarcts impact the cognitive health of older Black adults, but arteriolosclerosis affects cognition more broadly and offers promise as an in vivo biomarker of dementia risk.Highlights
Older Black adults are at risk of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and dementia.
Examined magnetic resonance imaging‐derived measure of arteriolosclerosis (ARTS), infarcts, and cognition.
ARTS load was widely associated with lower cognition after adjusting for infarct load.
Infarct load was specifically associated with lower complex attention.
More within‐Black in vivo studies of CSVD subtypes and cognition are needed.
Single‐cell sequencing reveals the features of adaptive immune responses in the liver of a mouse model of dengue fever
Authors: Yuan Yizhen , Chen Qian , Li Zhe , Cai Fangzhou , Li Dan , Wang Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDengue fever, an acute insect‐borne infectious disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV), poses a great challenge to global public health. Hepatic involvement is the most common complication of severe dengue and is closely related to the occurrence and development of disease. However, the features of adaptive immune responses associated with liver injury in severe dengue are not clear.MethodsWe used single‐cell sequencing to examine the liver tissues of mild or severe dengue mice model to analyze the changes in immune response of T cells in the liver after dengue virus infection, and the immune interaction between macrophages and T cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect T cells and macrophages in mouse liver and blood to verify the single‐cell sequencing results.ResultsOur result showed CTLs were significantly activated in the severe liver injury group but the immune function‐related signal pathway was down‐regulated. The reason may be that the excessive immune response in the severe group at the late stage of DENV infection induces the polarization of macrophages into M2 type, and the macrophages then inhibit T cell immunity through the TGF‐β signaling pathway. In addition, the increased proportion of Treg cells suggested that Th17/Treg homeostasis was disrupted in the livers of severe liver injury mice.ConclusionsIn this study, single‐cell sequencing and flow cytometry revealed the characteristic changes of T cell immune response and the role of macrophages in the liver of severe dengue fever mice. Our study provides a better understanding of the pathogenesis of liver injury in dengue fever patients.
Spatially Confined Engineering Toward Deep Eutectic Electrolyte in Metal‐Organic Framework Enabling Solid‐State Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Miao Cheng‐Lin , Wang Xiao‐Xue , Guan De‐Hui , Li Jia‐Xin , Li Jian‐You , Xu Ji‐Jing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUncontrollable interfacial side reactions generated from common aqueous electrolytes, just like the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dendrite growth, have severely prevented the practical application of zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs). Solid‐state ZIBs are considered to be an efficient strategy by adopting high‐quality solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs). Here, by confining deep eutectic electrolyte (DEE) into the nanochannels of metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐PCN‐222, a stable DEE@PCN‐222 SSE with internal Zn2+ transport channels was obtained. A distinctive ion‐transport network composed of DEE and PCN‐222 in the interior of DEE@PCN‐222 realizes the efficient Zn2+ conduction, contributing to high ionic conductivity of 3.13×10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature, low activation energy of 0.12 eV, and a high Zn2+ transference number of 0.74. Furthermore, experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrate that DEE@PCN‐222 with its unique channel structure could homogeneously regulate the Zn2+ distribution and effectively alleviate the side reactions. Highly reversible Zn plating/stripping performance of 2476 h can be realized by the SSE. The solid‐state ZIBs show a specific capacity of 306 mAh g−1 and display cycling stability of 517 cycles. This unique design concept provides a new perspective in realizing the high‐safety and high‐performance ZIBs.
Living Hybrid Exciton Materials: Enhanced Fluorescence and Chiroptical Properties in Living Supramolecular Polymers with Strong Frenkel/Charge‐Transfer Exciton Coupling
Authors: Han Jianlei , Fujikawa Shigenori , Kimizuka Nobuo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA family of chiral perylene diimides (PDIs) was newly developed as excellent circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials. They are asymmetrically derivatized with a double‐alkyl‐chained L‐ or D‐glutamate unit and a linear or branched alkyl chain. When water is added to the tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution of glutamate‐PDI‐linear‐alkyl chain compounds, kinetically formed H‐aggregates are formed in globular nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs undergo spontaneous transformation into thermodynamically stable nanotubes via helical nanostructures, which showed structured broad spectra originating from the strong coupling of delocalized Frenkel excitations (FE) and charge transfer excitations (CTE). Significant enhancement of circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence quantum yield, and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) are observed during the transformation of NPs to the FE/CTE‐coupled helical and tubular structures. This transformation process is significantly accelerated by applying physical stimuli, i.e., ultrasonication or adding helical aggregates as seed crystals, a feature unique to living supramolecular polymerization. Meanwhile, the branched chain‐containing PDIs only form H‐aggregates and did not show FE/CTE hybrid exciton states with living supramolecular polymerization properties. This study unveils that suitably designed chiral PDI derivatives show FE/CTE coupling accompanied by high fluorescence quantum yields, enhanced chiroptical properties, and supramolecular living polymerization characteristics.
Rational Molecular Design of a Fluorescent Probe for Selectively Sensing Human Cytochrome P450 2D6
Authors: Ning Jing , Tian Zhenhao , Wang Jiayue , Yan Fei , Shi Chao , Zhang Shujing , Feng Lei , Shu Xiaohong , Cui Jingnan , James Tony D. , Ma Xiaochi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is a key enzyme that mediates the metabolism of various drugs and endogenous substances in humans. However, its biological role in drug‐drug interactions especially mechanism‐based inactivation (MBI), and various diseases remains poorly understood, owing to the lack of molecular tools suitable for selectively monitoring CYP2D6 in complex biological systems. Herein, using a tailored molecular strategy, we developed a fluorescent probe BDPM for CYP2D6. BDPM exhibits excellent specificity and imaging capability for CYP2D6, making it suitable for the real‐time monitoring of endogenous CYP2D6 activity in living bio‐samples. Therefore, our tailored strategy proved useful for constructing the highly selective and enzyme‐activated fluorescent probes. BDPM as a molecular tool to explore the critical roles of CYP2D6 in the pathogenesis of diseases, high‐throughput screening of inhibitors and intensive investigation of CYP2D6‐induced MBI in natural systems.
Lost in translation: How neurons cope with tRNA decoding
Authors: Guo Wei , Russo Stefano , Tuorto Francesca 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPost‐transcriptional tRNA modifications contribute to the decoding efficiency of tRNAs by supporting codon recognition and tRNA stability. Recent work shows that the molecular and cellular functions of tRNA modifications and tRNA‐modifying‐enzymes are linked to brain development and neurological disorders. Lack of these modifications affects codon recognition and decoding rate, promoting protein aggregation and translational stress response pathways with toxic consequences to the cell. In this review, we discuss the peculiarity of local translation in neurons, suggesting a role for fine‐tuning of translation performed by tRNA modifications. We provide several examples of tRNA modifications involved in physiology and pathology of the nervous system, highlighting their effects on protein translation and discussing underlying mechanisms, like the unfolded protein response (UPR), ribosome quality control (RQC), and no‐go mRNA decay (NGD), which could affect neuronal functions. We aim to deepen the understanding of the roles of tRNA modifications and the coordination of these modifications with the protein translation machinery in the nervous system.