bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balanced fertilizer based on soil status/soil availability and economic benefits of alfalfa in salt-affected soils of North China Plain
Authors: Chen Yaqi , Kamran Muhammad , Liu Qingsong , Yue Mingqiang , Qu Xinyue , Han Jiating , Zhao Zhongxiang , Zhang Yi , Xu Yupeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Improving alfalfa forage yieldis closely associated to the use of fertilizers. Generally, with the increase of fertilizer, alfalfa yield also increases correspondingly. However, in saline-alkaline areas, balancing the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and achieving a high alfalfa yield is of great importance. In this study, we assumed that the alfalfa yield would reach the maximum at a modrate proportion of multiple fertilizers. A five-year continuous multi-fertilizer experiment with different ratios was carried out in the North China Plain. The experiment included three fertilizers and four fertilization levels (N0 0 kg ha− 1, N1 5 kg ha− 1, N2 10 kg ha− 1, N3 15 kg ha− 1; P0 0 kg ha− 1, P1 30 kg ha− 1, P2 60 kg ha− 1, P3 90 kg ha− 1; K0 0 kg ha− 1, K1 90 kg ha− 1, K2 180 kg ha− 1, K3 270 kg ha− 1), resulting in a total of 14 different treatments.. Results indicated that N2P1K2, N1P2K1 and N2P2K1 treatments had significant effects on increasing alfalfa dry matter and dry to fresh biomass; N2P2K2 treatment had a significant effect on alfalfa crude protein, but crude protein under N3P2K2 and N2P2K2 treatments showed no significant differences. In addition, RFV was significantly affected by potassium fertilizer. Under low potassium application, RFV showed a significant increase. N2 (10 kg ha− 1), P2 (60 kg ha− 1), and K2 (180 kg ha− 1) significantly increased the utilization efficiency of fertilizers, agronomic efficiency, and economic benefits, which was associated with decrease in fertilizer expenditure and increase in alfalfa income. The N3 (15kg ha− 1), P3 (90 kg ha− 1), and K3 (270 kg ha− 1) significantly increased soil fertility, while had no significant effect on hay yield, nutritional quality and utilization efficiency. Therefore, N1P2K1 (5 kg ha− 1 N, 60 kg ha P− 1, 90 kg ha P− 1) treatment in the saline-alkali areas of the North China Plain is recommended for achieving high alfalfa yield, forage nutritional content, and improving the utilization rate of fertilizers by plants, increasing the farmers' income without compromising soil fertility.
Experiences and impact of moral injury in human trafficking survivors: A qualitative study
Authors: Williamson Victoria , Murphy Dominic , Katona Cornelius , Curry Christina , Weldon Ella , Greenberg Neil 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Research in recent years has increasingly highlighted the relationship between exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) and poor mental health outcomes. Human trafficking survivors often report exposure to many traumatic and PMIEs and given the complexities of trafficking exploitation, survivors may be especially vulnerable to moral injury. Despite this, no research has investigated experiences of PMIEs and moral injury in human trafficking survivors. The objective was to explore survivors’ experiences of PMIEs, the impact of PMIEs on wellbeing and functioning and the factors that may influence outcomes following PMIEs.
Method
Participants were seven human trafficking survivors from diverse backgrounds who had settled in the UK. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted via telephone. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Results
Human trafficking survivors were found to experience multiple PMIEs, including transgressive acts committed by others and betrayal by trusted loved ones or those in positions of authority. Experiencing PMIEs contributed towards considerable psychological distress, including intense feelings of shame, anger and worthlessness, and negatively impacted survivors daily functioning. Formal support, especially practical help (e.g. warm clothing) and social support groups, were experienced as particularly beneficial.
Conclusions
This study provides some of the first evidence that human trafficking survivors may be vulnerable to moral injury and indicates the impact that exposure to PMIEs can have on functioning. Future work is needed to ensure that statutory organisations consider the potential for causing moral injury when interacting with human trafficking survivors and clinical care teams are equipped to provide tailored guidance and support.
Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hydrogel Containing New Hybrid Nano catalyst of Ibuprofen-Loaded on Chitosan Nanoparticles for Full Thickness Burn Repair
Authors: Hashemi Seyedeh-Sara , Mohammadi Ali-Akbar , Tafti Ali-Mohammad Fallah , Rad Marzieh Karami , Rad Mohammad Navid Soltani 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Tissue engineering represents a promising approach for restoring or improving the functionality of damaged or missing tissues. This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of a novel hydrogel scaffold incorporating chitosan nanoparticles and New Hybrid Nano catalyst of Ibuprofen for wound healing applications.
Methods
The hydrogel was synthesized using a solution casting method and cross-linked with calcium chloride. A new hybrid nano catalyst derivative of ibuprofen exhibiting superior analgesic effects compared to ibuprofen was synthesized and incorporated into the hydrogel. Extensive characterization using FTIR, XRD, SEM, mechanical testing, swelling studies, degradation analysis, and cell viability assays was performed to evaluate the structural, physical, and biological properties of the scaffolds. In addition to, hydrogels containing new hybrid nano catalyst derivative of ibuprofen (compound "a") assessed as wound dressing for full-thickness wound.
Results
In vitro results demonstrated that the 3% chitosan nanoparticle-loaded hydrogel possessed optimal physico-chemical characteristics, porosity, biocompatibility, and supported human fibroblast cell proliferation. In vivo studies using a full-thickness wound model in rats revealed accelerated wound closure, reduced inflammation, and enhanced angiogenesis for wounds treated with the ibuprofen derivative-loaded hydrogel compared to controls.
Discussion
Overall, this novel alginate/collagen/chitosan nanoparticle hydrogel incorporating an ibuprofen prodrug represents a promising biomaterial for facilitating wound healing through its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic effects. This represents a pioneering effort in developing ibuprofen-supplemented scaffolds for enhanced wound healing.
Investigation on the Effects of Universal Adhesives on the Toxicity and the Release of Dentin Matrix Proteins, Matrix Metalloproteinases and Cytokine in Pulp Cells
Authors: Ersöz Bilge , Aydın Numan , Oktay Elif Aybala , Çal İrem Kübra , Karaoğlanoğlu Serpil 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of universal adhesives on the toxicity and release of dentin matrix proteins (DMP-1), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-8), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the pulp cell base.
Materials and Methods: Six universal adhesives (Gluma Bond Universal, GBU, (Kulzer), Prime&Bond Universal, PBU, (Dentsply Sirona), Clearfil S3 Universal Bond, CS3UB, (Kuraray), OptiBond Universal, OBU, (Kerr), G-2 Bond Universal, G2BU, (GC), Bond Force II, BFII, (Tokuyama)) were polymerized by placing 10 μl of each in the bottom of 6-well plates. After polymerization, 1 ml of Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) was added to each of the 6 wells and kept in a 37°C incubator for 24 h. Adhesive extracts of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:5 dilutions were added to the pulp cells and MTT tests were performed. The ELISA test, the 1:1 dilution of adhesive extracts was added to the pulpal cells then placed in the incubator at 37°C for 24 and 72 h. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data of both tests.
Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in cell vitality values after 24, 48 and 72 h (p<0.05). After 48 and 72 hours, BFII and GBU reduced pulpal cell viability the least. The increased dilution rate of the extracts reduced the toxic effects. The tested universal adhesives did not produce a significant change in the quantity of TNF- α, IL-1, DMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 in the pulp cells after 72 hours. However, during those 72 hours, TIMP-1 was reduced (p<0.05) in all samples.
Conclusions: The universal adhesives tested in this study exhibited various degrees of cytotoxic effects on pulp cells depending on the incubation time and dose. The composition of universal adhesives does have an effect on pulp cell viability.
Clinical Relevance: The effects of universal adhesives on DMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8, TIMP-1, TNF-α and IL-1 that will affect the long-term success of restorations are limited.
Genotypic and Environmental Influences on Photosynthetic Efficiency in Sugarcane over Successive Growth Cycles
Authors: zhang chi , Wei Yibin , Xu Yuzhi , Bao Yixue 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study analyzed the photosynthetic traits of 74 sugarcane varieties using PAM-2500 and SPAD instruments over three years. Our findings revealed significant variations in photosynthetic characteristics across different genotypes and ratoon years, highlighting the complex interplay between genotype and environmental factors. Notably, the heritability of these traits ranged from 0.70 to 0.86, underscoring a strong genetic influence. Through principal component analysis, we identified three critical aspects of photosynthesis: efficiency and light utilization, electron transfer and reaction center status, and chlorophyll content, collectively explaining 99.9% of the observed variance. The germplasms were categorized into three efficiency groups - High, Moderate, and Low - based on their photosynthetic performance. Importantly, germplasms with high photosynthetic efficiency correlated with increased stalk weight and sucrose content, suggesting potential targets for breeding programs. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of sugarcane photosynthetic dynamics and offers valuable insights for future genetic improvement and sustainable cultivation strategies.
Multi-Topic Sentiment Analysis with Convolutional Filtering on Movie Reviews
Authors: Ma Yanrui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This research presents a novel framework for multi-topic sentiment analysis integrating Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic extraction, TextBlob for sentiment analysis, and an improved convolutional filtering technique to enhance accuracy and reduce noise. Conducted on a dataset of IMDb movie reviews, the study aims to accurately detect multiple topics within each review and analyze associated sentiments. The proposed method was validated through comprehensive experiments, demonstrating significant improvements in topic detection and sentiment classification. Results indicated that convolutional filtering effectively removed noise and irrelevant topics, achieving an accuracy of 80.65%. This framework offers valuable insights for applications in market research, social media monitoring, and product reviews, with future work focusing on dynamic topic adaptation and advanced sentiment models. The research data and implementation are available on GitHub.
The Wellness Hub Program: Design of a theoretically-rooted support strategy to leverage facilitators and overcome barriers facing Long-Term Care and Retirement Homes in Ontario during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fahim Christine , de Launay Keelia Quinn , Bach Vanessa , Firman Jessica , Gapare Claire , Gruppuso Vincenza , Hassan Ayaat T. , Mrazovac Ana , Odunuga Temi , Paul Nimitha , Strifler Lisa , Takaoka Alyson , Togo Elikem , Gao Hui Juan Chelsea , Boyd Jamie M. , Straus Sharon E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Long-term care and retirement homes (LTCH/RH) faced systemic challenges that were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Following a comprehensive needs assessment with 91 LTCH and RH leaders from 47 LTCH/RH in Ontario, Canada, we identified three major challenges facing homes: infection prevention and control (IPAC), vaccine confidence and uptake, and staff well-being. We aimed to co-create an evidence-based, theoretically-rooted support program titled the Wellness Hub to support LTCH and RH to navigate real-time challenges.
Methods
We identified evidence-based interventions to address identified LTCH/RH challenges, which included: IPAC protocol implementation, COVID-19 vaccine uptake among staff in accordance with Canadian public health guidance, and a well-being program to support staff mental health and wellness. We used the Knowledge to Action model to guide Wellness Hub program development. Barriers and facilitators to implementation were mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Implementation strategies to address barriers and leverage facilitators were identified via a process of co-creation with LTCH/RH stakeholders and guided by the COM-B rooted SELECT tool and the CFIR-ERIC mapping tool.
Results
Twelve TDF domains and 18 CFIR constructs were identified as barriers and/or facilitators to implementation, reflecting the complexity of challenges facing homes during the pandemic. Via the SELECT tool, we identified six intervention functions and 14 implementation strategies to target individual-level change. An additional four strategies for organizational and systems-level implementation change were identified via the CFIR-ERIC mapping tool. The following implementation strategies were used to facilitate implementation of our evidence-based practices: town halls, implementation coaches, promotion for LTCH/RH wellness days, creation of infographics and educational resources (including an open-access resource repository), a weekly newsletter with LTCH/RH directives, a vaccine champions program and e-learning course, modelled change, an IPAC-self-assessment tool, seed funding, vaccine incentives, access to off-site COVID-19 testing, monthly community of practice meetings and use of opinion leaders.
Conclusion
We demonstrate the use of implementation science methods to rapidly address real world, real-time problems. Our methods and protocols provide a blueprint for rapidly engaging LTCH/RH communities to co-create and implement a comprehensive, multipronged program during health emergencies.
Trial Registration
: https://osf.io/hkfae
Elastic Stiffness of a Novel Steel-Grout Hybrid Dowel-Type Connector for Cross-Laminated Timber Panels: Analytical Model Development, Experimental Validation and Genetic Algorithm Optimization
Authors: Loss Cristiano , Feujofack Blériot 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This work presents the development of an analytical model for the elastic stiffness of innovative hybrid steel-grout dowel-type connectors for CLT panels. This analytical model is based on the Beam on Elastic Foundation theory using the Wrinkler assumption. Within the model, the connector’s elastic stiffness is discretized into two components: (i) the rod-grout interaction stiffness and (ii) the grout-CLT interaction stiffness. The final stiffness is derived by combining these two components. This model accommodates the complex modulus of elasticity function for CLT through a square wave function approximated using a Fourier series. 420 monotonic static full-scale tests were conducted on hybrid connectors, varying the loading angle, the CLT grade, the rod diameter and strength class, and the grout-to-rod diameter ratio. A comparison between experimental and analytical results demonstrates the accuracy of the developed analytical model, with average errors for the elastic stiffness of 13% for connectors loaded in a direction parallel to the face layers of the CLT panel and 11% for connectors loaded in a direction perpendicular to the face layers of the CLT panels. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the modulus of elasticity of the grout has the most significant effect on the variability of elastic stiffness of connectors. Finally, a genetic algorithm optimization confirmed that an optimal grout-to-rod diameter ratio falls between 2 and 4 for 3-ply CLT panels, with a selected ideal connector having a rod diameter of 27.99 mm and a grout-to-rod diameter ratio of 2.68, yielding an elastic stiffness of 156.01 kN/mm.
Skin friction measurement of turbulent boundary layer at very high Reynolds numbers on the wind tunnel wall using floating element device
Authors: Reslan M. G. , Gorbushin A. R. , Anokhina E. N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Measurement of the skin friction coefficient on a flat plate using direct methods has been a subject of study for decades. One promising method for accurately measuring this coefficient involves the use of Floating Element (FE) devices. This study utilizes an FE device with a platform area of 62 mm × 40 mm to assess the non-stationary skin friction drag at very high Reynolds numbers of the incompressible turbulent boundary layer with a zero-pressure gradient on the wall of the T-128 transonic wind tunnel at Central Aero-hydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI). Our measurements of the wall friction coefficient fall within ReƟ ranges between 3.63 × 104 and 1.86 × 105, owing to the high dynamic pressure achieved in the wind tunnel. The values of momentum thickness were obtained from measuring the total pressure inside the boundary layer using a rake with pressure probes. Due to the excitation of the device at its natural frequency, a resonant phenomenon was observed, which increases the uncertainty of the measurements and prevents accurate measurement of the actual friction force. The paper includes a notable method for reducing the random uncertainty of the measurements by 45–82%, utilizing dynamic corrections to account for the actual friction force. The obtained mean friction coefficients exhibit good agreement with other experimental methods (employing anemometers or pressure probes), semi-empirical relations, and Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS).
Risk factors for urinary retention after robot-assisted radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder diversion: a multicenter study
Authors: Chung Younsoo , Lee Sangchul , Jeong Byong Chang , Ku Ja Hyeon , Kwon Tae Gyun , Kim Tae-Hwan , Lee Ji Youl , Hong Sung Hoo , Han Woong Kyu , Ham Won Sik , Kang Sung Gu , Kang Seok Ho , Oh Jong Jin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To determine risk factors for urinary retention (UR) after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RALC) with orthotopic neobladder diversion.
Methods
A total of 269 patients who underwent RALC with orthotopic neobladder diversion from 2008 to 2019 at seven tertiary hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. There were 68 patients who had UR (UR arm) and 201 patients who did not have UR (no-UR arm). UR was defined as voiding dysfunction without catheterization or more than 100 mL of residual urine after voiding. Preoperative demographics, perioperative factors, pathology outcomes, and postoperative complications of UR and no-UR arms were compared and predictors of UR were identified.
Results
Among demographic factors, only gender proportion showed a difference, with male proportion being significantly lower in the UR arm than in the no-UR arm (81% vs 92%, p = 0.010). For perioperative outcomes, anastomosis site stricture (27% vs 11%, p = 0.003) and length of hospital stays (23 days vs. 19 days, p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the UR arm than in the no-UR arm. In multiple logistic regression analysis, female (OR 3.32, 95% CI: 1.43–7.72) and body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.00-1.20) were UR predictors.
Conclusion
UR after RALC with orthotopic neobladder diversion is significantly increased in females. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified female and BMI elevation as UR predictors.
Comparison of the drought return periods by univariate, bivariate probability distribution, and Copula function under SSPs scenarios
Authors: Kim Sang Ug , Seo Dong-Il 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Probabilistic analysis to the drought events is a crucial scientific process that provides foundational data for developing water resource strategies to ensure water supply for municipal, industrial, and agricultural purposes. Drought analysis requires consideration of two variables, duration and severity, making it more complex than flood frequency analysis, which typically involves univariate analysis. In bivariate analysis for drought events, the derivation of a joint probability distribution using the best fitted probability distributions to the selected variables was very difficult or not possible mathematically. Therefore, in recent studies, a Copula function has been applied to resolve this limitation. While recent research has focused on applying Copula functions, the comparative studies presenting results from univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using specific distributions, and bivariate analysis using Copula functions have remained relatively scarce. Therefore, this study tried to focus the comparison of the results from techniques used in drought frequency analysis and suggest the advantage of a Copula function. The selected sites in this study are Hongcheon and Jeongseon in South Korea, which experienced severe drought damages in 2009. Also, the 6 rainfall data sets (historical data and the future data by SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 climate change scenarios) from two rainfall gauges were used to perform the various types of drought frequency analysis. Especially, the fundamental theory to consider relationship between the return period and the exceedance probability in the bivariate analysis was described to suggested that Copula functions can effectively enhance drought frequency analysis.
TVNet: Multimodal Medical Image Fusion by Dual-branch Network with Vision Transformer and One-Shot Aggregation Module
Authors: Wang Jianguo , Jia Wenran , Geng Peng , Wu Pengfei , Zhang Yuting , Meng Xuguang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The task of medical image fusion is to synthesize complementary information from different modals medical images, which is of very significance for clinical diagnosis. The existing medical image fusion algorithms overly rely on convolution operations and cannot establish long-range dependencies on the source images. This can lead to edge blurring and loss of details in the fused images. Because the Transformer can effectively model long-range dependencies through self-attention, a novel and effective dual-branch feature enhancement network called as TVNet is proposed to fusing multimodal medical images. This network combines Transformer and CNN to extract global context information and local information to preserve detailed textures and highlight the structural characteristics in source images. Furthermore, to extract the multi-scale information of images, an enhancement module is used to obtain multi-scale characterization information, and the two branches information are efficiently aggregated at the same time. In addition, a hybrid loss function is designed to optimize the fusion results at three levels of structure, feature and gradient. Experiments results prove that the performance of the proposed fusion network outperforms seven state-of-the-art methods in both subjective visual effects and objective metrics.