bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced heart rate variability is related to fluctuations in psychological stress levels in daily life
Authors: Kim Jinhyuk , Foo Jerome Clifford , Murata Taiga , Togo Fumiharu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLaboratory‐based studies have shown that psychological stress caused by response to various stressors triggers acute changes in the cardiovascular system. A better understanding is needed of the emerging evidence on temporal associations between psychological stress and cardiovascular responses in natural settings. This study examined the association of psychological stress and heart rate variability (HRV) in daily life, at high resolution over 2 weeks, taking the effect of physical activity into account. Participants (n = 34) completed ecological momentary assessments (EMA) 6 times per day, reporting levels of perceived stress, low‐arousal negative affect (LNA), and high‐arousal negative affect. Chest‐mounted heart‐rate monitors were worn to assess HRV. Multilevel models were used to examine the association between psychological stress levels and preceding/subsequent HRV. Reduced time domain HRV measures (mean and standard deviation of R‐wave to R‐wave intervals) during the prior hour predicted higher levels of perceived stress. Frequency domain HRV measures higher low to high frequency (LF/HF) and lower HF to total power (HF nu) ratios during the preceding 10 min predicted higher perceived stress levels, suggesting the dominance of sympathetic nervous system activity. EMA reports of higher perceived stress levels were associated with reduced time domain HRV measures during the following 10 min. On the other hand, higher LNA were related to increased HRV measures, such as lower LF/HF and higher HF nu during the following hour. The dynamic associations observed may have therapeutic implications for ‘just‐in‐time’ interventions in the management of daily stress and cardiovascular health.
Psychometric properties of the Perth emotional labour scale: Preliminary support for a new measure with theoretical implications
Authors: Clarke James J. , Rees Clare S. , Mancini Vincent O. , Breen Lauren J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmotional labour is the process by which people regulate emotions congruently with occupational requirements. Research consistently links emotional labour to greater levels of burnout. However, we argue this literature is potentially confounded by measurement error. We sought to validate an English adaptation of a recent emotional labour measure that addresses measurement error concerns in an under‐researched sample at risk of burnout—psychologists providing psychotherapy. We termed this measure the Perth Emotional Labour Scale (PELS) which is based upon Andela and colleagues' (2015) original measure. Additionally, we explored what factors of emotional labour contributed most to burnout in this group. We recruited 418 psychologists (81.58% female, 17.46% male, 0.96% non‐binary) across Australia (N = 362, 86.60%) and New Zealand (N = 56, 13.40%). Factor analyses and correlational analyses examined the PELS’ reliability and validity. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis explored whether each component of emotional labour contributed unique variance to emotional exhaustion (EE). Preliminary support for the PELS’ psychometric properties was found and emotional dissonance was found to be the only emotional labour factor that uniquely contributed to EE. We demonstrate preliminary psychometric support for the PELS but recommend further development and argue our findings have unique implications for research and practice.
Organizational adaptation in dynamic environments: Disentangling the effects of how much to explore versus where to explore
Authors: Srikanth Kannan , Ungureanu Tiberiu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryThere is considerable debate about how firms should adapt to environmental dynamism. Theoretically, some scholars suggest that with increasing dynamism, firms should explore more, whereas others argue that firms should explore less. Empirical evidence remains mixed. We attempt to reconcile these mixed findings by (a) distinguishing between two facets of exploration—exploration propensity versus exploration breadth, and (b) recognizing that firms may make these two decisions using different decision‐making processes. Using a computational model we show that with increasing environmental dynamism, for high performance, (a) firms' exploration propensity may increase, decrease, or stay the same depending on their decision‐making process, but (b) firms' exploration breadth always increases. Our results help explain the mixed findings in this domain and have implications for future empirical work.Managerial SummaryResponding to dynamic environments is challenging for managers. There is limited support for the intuition that firms should explore more in more dynamic environments. We recognize that exploration decisions in firms are temporally and hierarchically separated—senior managers first decide how much to explore and middle managers then decide which projects to fund. In this research, we use a computational model to unpack how these two facets of exploration may change in dynamic environments for firms to maintain high performance. We find that as dynamism increases, how much firms explore depends on how sensitive their decision‐making process is to the perceived attractiveness of the different options, but when they explore, they should always choose options further away from their status‐quo.
Heterobimetallic Synergism in Triple‐Redox 2D Framework for Largely Boosted Water Oxidation and Flanked Carboxylic‐Acid‐Triggered Unconventional Tandem Catalysis
Authors: Chand Rudra , Karmakar Arun , Kundu Subrata , Neogi Subhadip 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA fish‐bone‐shaped and thermochemically stable 2D metal‐organic framework (MOF) with multimodal active center‐decked pore‐wall is devised. Redox‐active [Co2(COO)4] node and thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole functionalization benefit this mixed‐ligand MOF exhibiting electrochemical water oxidation with 375 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 current density and 78 mV per dec Tafel slope in alkaline medium. Pair of oppositely oriented carboxylic acids aids postmetalation with transition metal ions to engineer heterobimetallic materials. Notably, overpotential of Ni2+ grafted triple‐redox composite reduces to 270 mV with twofold declined Tafel slope than the parent MOF, ranking among the best‐reported values, and outperforming majority of related catalysts. Significantly, turnover frequency and charge transfer resistance display 35.5 and 1.4‐fold upsurge, respectively, with much uplifted chronopotentiometric stability and increase active surface area owing to synergistic Co(II)–Ni(II) coupling. The simultaneous presence of ─COOH and nitrogen‐rich moieties renders this hydrogen‐bonded MOF as acid–base synergistic catalyst for recyclable deacetalization‐Knoevenagel reaction with >99% product yield under solvent‐free mild condition. Besides control experiments, unique role of ─COOH as hydrogen‐bond donor site in substrate activation is validated from comparing the performances of molecular‐shearing approach‐derived structurally similar unfunctionalized MOF, and the heterobimetallic composite. To the best of tandem Knoevenagel condensation, larger‐sized acetal exhibits poor yield of α,β‐unsaturated dicyanides, and demonstrates pore‐fitting‐mediated size‐selectivity.
A Triple Crosslinked Binder with Hierarchical Stress Dissipation and High Ionic Conductivity for Advanced Silicon Anodes in Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: He Yang , Zhou Feng , Zhang Yingxi , Lv Tuan , Chu Paul K. , Huo Kaifu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si) is a promising anode material for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries, but the significant volume change of Si particles during alloying/dealloying with lithium (Li) undermines the mechanical integrity of Si anode, causing electrode fracture, delamination and rapid capacity decay. Herein, a robust triple crosslinked network (TCN) binder with high ionic conductivity and hierarchical stress dissipation is reported for Si anodes, which is prepared by in situ chemical crosslinking polyacrylic acid (PAA) and melamine (MA). The triple interactions of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and covalent amide bonds enhance the adhesion of binder to Si and synergistically promote stress dissipation within Si anodes, thus strengthening the dynamic structural stability of Si anodes during cycling. Moreover, the rapid coupling/decoupling of Li+ with the TCN binder enables an impressive Li+ transference number of 0.63 and high ionic conductivity of 1.2 × 10−4 S cm−1. Consequently, the Si‐TCN anode delivers specific capacity of 2268 mAh g−1 with a high mass loading of 2 mg cm−2, high‐rate performance of 1673 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1, and stable cycling for 250 cycles at 1 A g−1, thus showing great prospects for high‐energy‐density Si‐based batteries.
Efficient Sodium Storage in Cu1.96S@NC Anode Achieved by Robust S─C Bonds and Current Collector Self‐Induced Forming Cu2S Quantum Dots
Authors: Peng Hui , Miao Wenxing , Cui Shuzhen , Liu Zhiyuan , Tao Bo , Hou Wenbo , Ma Guofu , Lei Ziqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransition metal sulfides are investigation hotspots of anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to their structural diversity and high storage capacity. However, they are still plagued by inevitable volume expansion during sodiation/desodiation and an unclear energy storage mechanism. Herein, a one‐step sulfidation‐carbonization strategy is proposed for in situ confined growth of Cu1.96S nanoparticles in nitrogen‐doped carbon (Cu1.96S@NC) using octahedral metal–organic framework (Cu‐BTC) as a precursor and investigate the driving effect of Cu current collector on its sodium storage. The generation of S─C bonds in Cu1.96S@NC avoids the volume change and structural collapse of Cu1.96S nanoparticles during the cycling process and improves the adsorption and transport capacity of the material for Na+. More exciting, the Cu species in the Cu current collector are self‐induced forming Cu2S quantum dots to enter the original anode material during the initial few charging and discharging cycles, which unique small‐size effect and abundant edge‐active sites enhance the energy storage capacity of Cu1.96S. Thus, the Cu1.96S@NC exhibits a superior first discharge capacity of 608.56 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 with an initial Coulomb efficiency (ICE) of 75.4%, as well as provides excellent rate performance and long cycle durability up to 2000 cycles.
SGDL: Smart contract vulnerability generation via deep learning
Authors: Chu Hanting , Zhang Pengcheng , Dong Hai , Xiao Yan , Ji Shunhui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe growing popularity of smart contracts in various areas, such as digital payments and the Internet of Things, has led to an increase in smart contract security challenges. Researchers have responded by developing vulnerability detection tools. However, the effectiveness of these tools is limited due to the lack of authentic smart contract vulnerability datasets to comprehensively assess their capacity for diverse vulnerabilities. This paper proposes a Deep Learning‐based Smart contract vulnerability Generation approach (SGDL) to overcome this challenge. SGDL utilizes static analysis techniques to extract both syntactic and semantic information from the contracts. It then uses a classification technique to match injected vulnerabilities with contracts. A generative adversarial network is employed to generate smart contract vulnerability fragments, creating a diverse and authentic pool of fragments. The vulnerability fragments are then injected into the smart contracts using an abstract syntax tree to ensure their syntactic correctness. Our experimental results demonstrate that our method is more effective than existing vulnerability injection methods in evaluating the contract vulnerability detection capacity of existing detection tools. Overall, SGDL provides a comprehensive and innovative solution to address the critical issue of authentic and diverse smart contract vulnerability datasets.
Long‐term follow‐up after incisional hernia repair: Dynamics of recurrence and patient‐reported outcome
Authors: Karlsson Samuel , Björklund Ida , Burman Anna , Israelsson Leif A. , Cengiz Yücel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundIncisional hernia (IH) is common and recurrence rates remain high. Although the goal of treatment should be to improve quality of life, studies addressing this aspect are notably absent. We aimed to evaluate the long‐term recurrence rate of open mesh repair of IH, investigate the burden of persisting discomfort, explore patient satisfaction, and identify risk factors for negative outcomes.MethodsA single‐center, retrospective study was conducted on all open mesh repairs of IH performed between January 2002 and October 2013. Clinical data were gathered from medical records and operative reports, while patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) were obtained through telephone interviews. Risk factors for recurrence were assessed by survival analysis. PROMs were analyzed across patient subgroups by clinical and demographic variables.ResultsThis study included 271 patients undergoing medical record review, with 136 patients completing the telephone interview. Recurrence rates at 2, 5, 10, and 15 years were 6%, 8%, 11%, and 12%, respectively. Risk factors for recurrence were obesity and an estimated mesh‐defect overlap <7 cm. Bridged repair posed no increased risk. For PROMs, the median follow‐up time was 13.6 years after which 78.7% of the patients reported no discomfort, and 89.0% were satisfied with their surgery. Patients <65 years and females experienced more long‐term discomfort.ConclusionsRecurrence rates were higher in obese patients and when the estimated mesh‐defect overlap was <7 cm, but not in bridged repairs. Young patients and females are at increased risk for long‐term discomfort. High satisfaction levels were reported.
Time from injury to operative intervention in traumatic intracranial hematoma: A systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Merakis Michael , Lewis Daniel P. , Weaver Natasha , Balogh Zsolt J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe outcomes in traumatic intracranial hematoma (TICH) have not improved significantly despite advances in trauma care. A modifiable factor in TICH management is time to operation room (TOR). TOR has become a key marker in Traumatic brain injury care despite a lack of contemporary evidence. This study aimed to determine the timing of TICH evacuation and its association with mortality and neurological outcomes.MethodsA systematic review of PubMed, OVID MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Included studies reported data on adult patients with acute TICH who underwent surgical evacuation. The primary outcome was TOR and its association with mortality or functional neurological recovery.ResultsFrom 1838 articles screened, 17 were included. Eight studies reported TOR as a continuous variable, ranging between 3 and 7.1 h. Three studies found better outcomes with shorter TOR, five found no difference, and one found worse outcomes with shorter TOR. Five articles were included in meta‐analysis of mortality in patients undergoing operative decompression less than or greater than 4 h from injury which found lower mortality in the >4‐h group, OR = 1.53. Longitudinal regression analysis showed no difference in TOR over the 33‐year span of articles included.ConclusionThere is limited data available on TOR in TICH, with equivocal results on the effect of timing on outcomes. TOR has not decreased over the last 4 decades. The unvalidated 4‐h cut‐off seems to be associated with better survival. Contemporary assessment of this potentially important performance indicator is required.
In vitro activity of Western Australian honeys and Manuka honey against clinically important yeasts
Authors: Haines Robbie R. , Xi Shuhui , Green Kathryn J. , Hammer Katherine A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the steady rise in antifungal resistance amongst clinically important yeasts, antifungal drug discovery remains of the utmost importance. To determine the potential of some honeys as alternative antifungal agents, we quantified the antifungal activity of 12 Western Australian honey samples, two Manuka honey samples and an artificial honey against 10 yeast isolates including clinical and reference strains. Results showed that the tested honeys varied in activity, and yeasts species also differed in susceptibility, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined by broth microdilution ranging from 8% to >44% w/v honey. Honeys with the highest overall activity were derived from Blackbutt (Eucalyptus patens), Jarrah (E. marginata), and Karri (E. diversicolor). The optical density of each MIC microtitre plate was determined after incubation and showed that at relatively low concentrations of honey the growth of all yeasts was enhanced compared to the untreated control, whereas at and above approximately 12% w/v, honeys exerted a dose‐dependent growth inhibitory effect, the extent of which varied by honey type. Time‐kill studies with 64% w/v honey showed that all eight of the natural honeys tested had greater fungicidal activity than the comparator artificial honey. Our findings suggest that the specific nectar‐derived phytochemicals present within each honey play an important role in antifungal activity, and support the notion that activity is due to a combination of factors including osmotic activity, hydrogen peroxide and phytochemical compounds. These data indicate that honey is worthy of further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for superficial yeast infections.
Introduction
Authors: Quitzow Rainer , Zabanova Yana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis introductory chapter places Europe’s hydrogen ambition in the broader context of the evolving geopolitics of the transition to net zero. It highlights the growing geoeconomic rivalry among the world’s leading economies, such as the European Union, the United States, and China. This process is marked by the resurgence of state intervention in markets and industries as well as by the increasing attention paid by governments to supply chain resilience and asymmetric dependencies. Clean hydrogen has been part and parcel of these developments. The EU and many of its Member States view hydrogen as essential to their climate goals, industrial competitiveness, and energy security. As a result, Europe has played an active role in promoting a European hydrogen economy and an international hydrogen market. The chapter frames EU hydrogen policy as the interplay of interests at EU- and Member State level, which can be a source of both tensions and synergies. It also discusses how this is manifested in the EU’s external climate and energy policy and international partnerships. Finally, the chapter presents the structure of the edited volume, introduces the case studies and summarises the key analytical dimensions applied in individual chapters to examine the domestic and international components of European hydrogen policy.
The EU in the Global Hydrogen Race: Bringing Together Climate Action, Energy Security, and Industrial Policy
Authors: Zabanova Yana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe European Union has identified clean hydrogen as essential to its climate targets, technology leadership and energy security in the decarbonizing world. The bloc is developing a comprehensive regulatory framework for a hydrogen economy, complete with supply-side policies and binding demand-side targets. In addition to boosting domestic production, the EU is planning to import large volumes of hydrogen and derivatives from third countries. Hydrogen is thus beginning to play a more prominent role in the EU’s bilateral partnerships. The EU is also actively participating in multilateral hydrogen governance with the goal of creating a functioning international hydrogen market featuring strong sustainability standards. At the same time, aligning the diverging interests of Member States and various hydrogen stakeholders has been a challenge. As the global hydrogen race accelerates, the bloc has struggled to keep up with powerful players like the United States, which are offering massive subsidies to the hydrogen industry. This chapter examines the domestic and external dimensions of the EU's hydrogen vision, situating it within the bloc's wider climate and energy policy and recent geopolitical developments. It discusses key policies, regulations, and funding schemes for hydrogen in the EU, highlighting existing points of contention and the interplay between the EU and Member State level. It then goes on to analyze the EU's evolving international engagement on hydrogen and the challenges of fostering mutually beneficial green industrial partnerships that go beyond securing hydrogen supplies. It remains to be seen whether the EU succeeds in drawing on its early mover advantage and potential synergies to remain an attractive investment destination and build resilient clean hydrogen supply chains.
The longest letter-duplicated subsequence and related problems
Authors: Lai Wenfeng , Liyanage Adiesha , Zhu Binhai , Zou Peng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMotivated by computing duplication patterns in sequences, a new problem called the longest letter-duplicated subsequence (LLDS) is proposed. Given a sequence S of length n, a letter-duplicated subsequence is a subsequence of S in the form of $$x_1^{d_1}x_2^{d_2}\ldots x_k^{d_k}$$

x
1

d
1

x
2

d
2

…

x
k

d
k

with $$x_i\in \Sigma $$

x
i

∈
Σ

, $$x_j\ne x_{j+1}$$

x
j

≠

x

j
+
1

and $$d_i\ge 2$$

d
i

≥
2

for all i in [k] and j in $$[k-1]$$

[
k
-
1
]

. A linear time algorithm for computing a longest letter-duplicated subsequence (LLDS) of S can be easily obtained. In this paper, we focus on two variants of this problem: (1) ‘all-appearance’ version, i.e., all letters in $$\Sigma $$
Σ
must appear in the solution, and (2) the weighted version. For the former, we obtain dichotomous results: We prove that, when each letter appears in S at least 4 times, the problem and a relaxed version on feasibility testing (FT) are both NP-hard. The reduction is from $$(3^+,1,2^-)$$

(

3
+

,
1
,

2
-

)

-SAT, where all 3-clauses (i.e., containing 3 lals) are monotone (i.e., containing only positive literals) and all 2-clauses contain only negative literals. We then show that when each letter appears in S at most 3 times, then the problem admits an O(n) time algorithm. Finally, we consider the weighted version, where the weight of a block $$x_i^{d_i} (d_i\ge 2)$$

x
i

d
i

(

d
i

≥
2
)

could be any positive function which might not grow with $$d_i$$

d
i

. We give a non-trivial $$O(n^2)$$

O
(

n
2

)

time dynamic programming algorithm for this version, i.e., computing an LD-subsequence of S whose weight is maximized.