bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approximating subcellular organisation of carbohydrate metabolism during cold acclimation in different natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Nägele Thomas , Heyer Arnd G. 
Published: March 2013

Summary

Accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana originating from climatically different habitats show different levels of cold acclimation when exposed to low temperatures. The central carbohydrate metabolism plays a crucial role during this acclimation. Subcellular distribution of carbohydrates over the compartments cytosol, vacuole and plastids, and putative interactions of the compartments, are analyzed in three differentially cold‐tolerant accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana, originating from the Iberian Peninsula (C24), Russia (Rschew) and Scandinavia (Tenela), respectively.

Subcellular carbohydrate concentrations were determined by applying the nonaqueous fractionation technique. Mathematical modeling and steady‐state simulation was used to analyse the metabolic homeostasis during cold exposure.

In all accessions, the initial response to cold exposure was a significant increase of plastidial and cytosolic sucrose concentrations. Raffinose accumulated in all cellular compartments of cold‐tolerant accessions with a delay of 3 d, indicating that raffinose accumulation is a long‐term component of cold acclimation. Minimal rates of metabolite transport permitting steady‐state simulations of metabolite concentrations correlated with cold tolerance, indicating an important role of subcellular re‐distribution of metabolites during cold acclimation.

A highly regulated interplay of enzymatic reactions and intracellular transport processes appears to be a prerequisite for maintaining carbohydrate homeostasis during cold exposure and allowing cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Dermoscopic and Histological Correlation of an Atypical Case of Pyogenic Granuloma
Authors: Lacarrubba Francesco , Caltabiano Rosario , Micali Giuseppe 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPyogenic granuloma (PG) is a common, rapidly growing, benign vascular proliferation of skin and mucous membranes generally showing, on dermoscopy, a typical pattern characterized by a red to dark pink homogeneous area surrounded by a white collarette. A case of PG in a 5‐year‐old girl showing an atypical dermoscopic pattern characterized by the presence of a central, irregular, whitish‐yellow amorphous structure with a peripheral crown of polymorphous, atypical vessels is reported and discussed.
Religion and Secular Utility: Happiness, Truth, and Pragmatic Arguments for Theistic Belief
Authors: Duncan Craig 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis article explores “pragmatic arguments” for theistic belief – that is, arguments for believing in God that appeal, not to evidence in favor of God’s existence, but rather to alleged practical benefits that come from belief in God. Central to this exploration is a consideration of Jeff Jordan’s recent defense of “the Jamesian wager,” which portrays itself as building on the case for belief presented in William James’s essay “The Will to Believe.” According to Jordan, religious belief creates significant gains in this‐worldly happiness (i.e. gains in “secular utility,” I shall say), and provided the individual does not have decisive evidence against God’s existence, these gains give the individual sufficient reason to strive to believe in God. In its exploration of this argument, the article presents an overview of recent social scientific work on the this‐worldly effects of religious belief. It canvases several challenges to pragmatic arguments, namely, a challenge according to which happiness rooted in false belief is worth less than that rooted in truth, a perfectionistic challenge alleging that one should strive for personal excellence rather than happiness, and a challenge alleging that any happiness gains of religious belief are outweighed by the potential harms brought about by religious belief.
Cudworth on Mind, Body, and Plastic Nature
Authors: Allen Keith 
Published: March 2013

AbstractRalph Cudworth (1617–1688) is a member of the group of philosophers and theologians commonly called ‘the Cambridge Platonists’. Although not part of the canon of great early modern philosophers, Cudworth’s work is of more than merely passing interest. Cudworth was an influential philosopher in the early modern period both for his criticisms of contemporaries like Hobbes, Descartes, and Spinoza, and for his own distinctive philosophical views. This entry focusses on Cudworth’s views on mind and body, considering both his criticisms of contemporaries’ theories of mind and body, and outlining his alternative form of dualism in which plastic nature plays a central role.
Gender difference in allergic airway remodelling and immunoglobulin production in mouse model of asthma
Authors: Takeda Masahide , Tanabe Masako , Ito Wataru , Ueki Shigeharu , Konnno Yasunori , Chihara Mami , Itoga Masamichi , Kobayashi Yoshiki , Moritoki Yuki , Kayaba Hiroyuki , Chihara Junichi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and objectiveEpidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of adult asthma and severe asthma is higher in women. It has also been reported that female mice are more susceptible than males to the development of allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). The influence of gender difference in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, especially airway remodelling in an animal model, has been studied rarely. We investigated gender difference in the development of airway remodelling using a long‐term antigen‐challenged mouse asthma model.MethodsFollowing ovalbumin (OVA)/alum intraperitoneal injection, male or female mice (BALB/c) were challenged with aerosolized 1% OVA on 3 days/week for 5 weeks, and differences in AHR, airway inflammation and airway remodelling between the sexes were investigated.ResultsIn OVA‐sensitized and OVA‐challenged (OVA/OVA) female mice, eosinophils, lymphocytes, T‐helper type 2 cytokines and growth factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased compared with OVA/OVA male mice. Histological features of airway remodelling were also increased in OVA/OVA female mice. Serum total and OVA‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and serum IgA were significantly elevated in OVA/OVA female mice.ConclusionsThese results indicate that female mice experience more airway remodelling compared with male mice. These results suggest the involvement of sex hormones and gender differences in cellular functions in airway remodelling.
Disease progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis without pulmonary function impairment
Authors: Kondoh Yasuhiro , Taniguchi Hiroyuki , Ogura Takashi , Johkoh Takeshi , Fujimoto Kiminori , Sumikawa Hiromitsu , Kataoka Kensuke , Baba Tomohisa , Colby Thomas V. , Kitaichi Masanori 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and objectiveDespite significant recent progress in the understanding of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the early phase of the disease is still poorly understood. We studied patients with IPF without pulmonary function impairment in order to determine the clinical features, natural history and key findings for physiological progression.MethodsTwenty‐five patients without pulmonary function impairment were identified from among patients with previously diagnosed IPF who underwent surgical lung biopsies between January 1997 and December 2006 at our institutions. ‘Without pulmonary function impairment’ was defined as both forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) >80% predicted. Patients diagnosed with IPF through multidisciplinary discussion based on the new IPF guidelines were the subjects of this study.ResultsSixteen patients had a confirmed diagnosis of IPF. Eleven patients presented with chest X‐ray abnormality found during an annual health examination. Seven patients were asymptomatic. Eleven patients showed physiological disease progression (median time; 19.9 ± 12.3 months) defined by a decline of at least 10% in FVC or at least 15% in DLco. Univariate analysis revealed that both usual interstitial pneumonia pattern and extent of honeycombing on high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were factors associated with disease progression (odds ratio 5.634, 95% confidence interval 1.364–23.278; odds ratio 2.371/5%, 95% confidence interval 1.042–5.395).ConclusionsIPF patients without pulmonary function impairment have a progressive but slow clinical course. The existence and extent of honeycombing on HRCT are predictive of disease progression.
Associations between family characteristics and public health nurses' concerns at children's health examinations
Authors: Poutiainen Hannele , Hakulinen‐Viitanen Tuovi , Laatikainen Tiina 
Published: March 2013

RationaleThe family and the way it functions have a key role for the health and well‐being of children and adolescents. Approximately 10–30% of children grow up in families where their health and well‐being may be endangered or weakened. There is very little research data on public health nurses' concerns in connection with children's health examinations related to family characteristics.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the associations of children's gender, age, family structure, mother's employment status and parents' perception on the sufficiency of income with public health nurses' concerns on physical and psychosocial health at children's health examinations.MethodsIn 2007–2009, information about children's health and well‐being and their background factors was collected from the health examinations of altogether 6506 children in Finland using a cross‐sectional design. Associations between family characteristics and nurses concern related to physical and psychosocial health and development of children were assessed using logistic regression analysis.ResultsPhysical health and psychosocial issues of school‐age children raised most concern in public health nurses. Especially, public health nurses felt concern for the psychosocial development of boys both under and of school age. Family structure and the family's financial situation were associated with public health nurses' concern for children's physical health, psychosocial development and the presence of at least one concern.ConclusionThe fact that public health nurses found cause for concern during health examinations was associated with the child's gender, development stage and family characteristic. The research findings may be utilised in planning and targeting health counselling and services in child and school health care. Understanding the role of family characteristics in health and well‐being challenges in children is useful in promoting multidisciplinary work in health care.
Comparative evaluation of efficacy and safety of artesunate–lumefantrine vs. artemether–lumefantrine fixed‐dose combination in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Authors: Pareek Anil , Chandurkar Nitin , Srivastav Vipul , Lakhani Jitendra , Karmakar Partha S. , Basu Subrata , Ray Arnab , Pednekar Sangeeta , Gupta P. B. , Suthar Nilay , Lakhani Sucheta 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo establish efficacy and safety of artesunate/lumefantrine fixed‐dose combination (FDC) in comparison with artemether/lumefantrine FDC in treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.MethodsConfirmed cases of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were randomly assigned to receive artesunate (100 mg)/lumefantrine (480 mg) (ASLF FDC) or artemether (80 mg)/lumefantrine (480 mg) (AMLF FDC) tablets for 3 days. Patients were followed up on Day 7, 14, 21 and 28.ResultsOf the 158 enrolled patients, 144 completed the study. Seventy‐three patients (94.8%) from the ASLF group and 71 patients (94.7%) from the AMLF group showed parasite clearance within 48 h. The mean parasite clearance time was 25.40 ± 14.82 h in the ASLF group and 24 ± 13.32 h in the AMLF group (P = 0.542). All patients showed gametocyte clearance by Day 7 and remained gametocyte free till Day 28. Sixty‐five patients (84.4%) from the ASLF group and 56 patients (74.7%) from the AMLF group were afebrile within 24 h. The mean fever clearance time was 17.38 ± 12.33 h in the ASLF group and 17.2 ± 12.01 h in the AMLF group (P = 0.929). There was one early treatment failure in the AMLF group as per WHO criteria. Improvement in haemoglobin and haematocrit was comparable in both the treatment groups. In the ASLF group, of the 25 (32.47%) patients anaemic at baseline, only seven (9.09%) reported anaemia on Day 28, while in the AMLF group, of the 14 (18.67%) patients anaemic at baseline, only four (5.33%) reported anaemia on Day 28. Both study medications were well tolerated.ConclusionArtesunate (100 mg)/lumefantrine (480 mg) fixed‐dose combination could add one more option to currently available artemisinin combinations in treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria.
Declining Distance Effects in International Trade: Some Country‐Level Evidence
Authors: Bleaney Michael , Neaves Abelardo S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTechnical progress can be expected to reduce transport costs over time, yet most studies of bilateral trade based on the gravity model find distance effects to be increasing rather than decreasing. We investigate countries' openness to international trade (the ratio of exports plus imports to GDP). We find that trade decreases with geographical remoteness, land area and lack of access to the sea, all of which are likely to be correlated with transport costs. In contrast to the results obtained with log‐linear models of bilateral trade, distance effects (remoteness and land area) have declined over time. Trade decreases with population density and increases with improvements in the terms of trade, investment and a more liberal trade policy.
Credit Support for Export: Robust Evidence from the Czech Republic
Authors: Janda Karel , Michalikova Eva , Skuhrovec Jiri 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe topic of this paper is quite a novel one – it is one of few empirical academic papers dealing with export credit. Moreover, it is the first analysis of this kind which focuses on transition economies. The paper deals with export credit promotion in the Czech Republic. The development and structure of Czech trade and export support is presented first, followed by an econometric analysis of the gravity model of Czech Republic trade. A panel of 160 countries in 1996–2008 is analysed and two gravity models of exports for the Czech Republic are estimated, the static model by fixed effects (LSDV estimator) and the dynamic model by System GMM. Due to ambiguous conclusions we assume that the behaviour of our explanatory variables is not uniform and our data set behaves as a mixture of countries with heterogeneous behaviour. This means that traditional techniques of estimation which include all observations into one model do not give significant results. Thus, we use robust techniques of estimation that solve the problem of heterogeneous patterns in data sets. Out of several possibilities we use the Least Trimmed Squares estimator (LTS) with a leverage point. We show that guarantees are a significant factor that influences positively the volume of exports in the Czech Republic. Moreover, there exist more variables that affect the size of exports in the Czech Republic. Market forces described by GDP, distance, political risk or gross fix capital formation are significant in our econometric model. We find that higher GDP, shorter distance or lower political risk have a positive impact on Czech exports.
Canine osteosarcoma cell lines from patients with differing serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations display no behavioural differencesin vitro
Authors: Holmes K. E. , Thompson V. , Piskun C. M. , Kohnken R. A. , Huelsmeyer M. K. , Fan T. M. , Stein T. J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractOsteosarcoma is an aggressive malignancy and represents the most frequent primary bone malignancy of dogs and humans. Prognostic factors reported for osteosarcoma include tumour size, presence of metastatic disease and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentration at the time of diagnosis. To date, there have been no studies to determine whether the behaviour of osteosarcoma cells differ based on serumALPconcentration. Here, we report on the generation of six canine osteosarcoma cell lines from osteosarcoma‐bearing dogs with differences in serumALPconcentration. To determine whetherin vitrobehaviour differs between primary osteosarcoma cell lines generated from patients with normal or increased serumALP, assays were performed to evaluate proliferation, migration, invasion and chemosensitivity. There were no significant differences in cell proliferation, migration, invasion or chemosensitivity between cell lines associated with normal or increased serumALPconcentration.
Planar Photonics with Metasurfaces
Authors: Kildishev Alexander V. , Boltasseva Alexandra , Shalaev Vladimir M. 
Published: March 2013

Background
Metamaterials (MMs) are smartly engineered structures with rationally designed, nanostructured building blocks that allow us to build devices with distinct responses to light, acoustic waves, and heat flows that are not attainable with naturally available materials.

Advances
The latest developments have shown that optical metasurfaces comprising a class of optical MMs with a reduced dimensionality can exhibit exceptional abilities for controlling the flow of light; achieve the anomalously large photonic density of states; and, similar to their bulk analog, provide superresolution imaging. Such a planar photonics technology is expected to facilitate new physics and enhanced functionality for devices that are distinctly different from those observed in their three-dimensional MM counterparts. As a result, this technology will enable new applications in imaging, sensing, data storage, quantum information processing, and light harvesting.

Outlook
The recent progress in optical metasurfaces can address the major issues hampering the full-scale development of MM technology, such as high loss, cost-ineffective fabrication, and challenging integration. The studies of new, low-loss, tunable plasmonic materials—such as transparent conducting oxides and intermetallics—that can be used as building blocks for metasurfaces will complement the exploration of smart designs and advanced switching capabilities. This progress in metasurface design and realization will lead to novel functionalities and improved performance and may result in the development of new types of ultrathin metasurface designs with unparalleled properties, including increased operational bandwidths and reduced losses. These new designs would also be compatible with planar, low-cost manufacturing. In turn, these advances will lead to ultrathin devices with unprecedented functionalities, ranging from dynamic spatial light modulation to pulse shaping and from subwavelength imaging or sensing to novel quantum optics devices.
Identification ofIn Vivo-Induced Bacterial Proteins during Human Infection with Salmonella enterica Serotype Paratyphi A
Authors: Alam Mohammad Murshid , Tsai Lillian L. , Rollins Sean M. , Sheikh Alaullah , Khanam Farhana , Bufano Meagan Kelly , Yu Yanan , Wu-Freeman Ying , Kalsy Anuj , Sultana Tania , Sayeed M. Abu , Jahan Nusrat , LaRocque Regina C. , Harris Jason B. , Leung Daniel T. , Brooks W. Abdullah , Calderwood Stephen B. , Charles Richelle C. , Qadri Firdausi , Ryan Edward T. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTSalmonella entericaserotype Paratyphi A is a human-restricted pathogen and the cause of paratyphoid A fever. Using a high-throughput immunoscreening technique,in vivo-induced antigen technology (IVIAT), we identified 20 immunogenic bacterial proteins expressed in humans who were bacteremic withS. Paratyphi A but not those expressed inS. Paratyphi A grown under standard laboratory conditions. The majority of these proteins have known or potential roles in the pathogenesis ofS. enterica. These include proteins implicated in cell adhesion, fimbrial structure, adaptation to atypical conditions, oxidoreductase activity, proteolysis, antimicrobial resistance, and ion transport. Of particular interest among thesein vivo-expressed proteins wereS. Paratyphi A (SPA)2397, SPA2612, and SPA1604. SPA2397 and SPA2612 are prophage related, and SPA1604 is inSalmonellapathogenicity island 11 (SPI-11). Using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), we confirmed increased levels of mRNA expressed by genes identified by IVIAT in a comparison of mRNA levels in organisms in the blood of bacteremic patients to those inin vitrocultures. Comparing convalescent- to acute-phase samples, we also detected a significant increase in the reaction of convalescent-phase antibodies with two proteins identified by IVIAT: SPA2397 and SPA0489. SPA2397 is a phage-related lysozyme, Gp19, and SPA0489 encodes a protein containing NlpC/P60 and cysteine, histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase (CHAP) domains. In a previous study utilizing a different approach, we found that transcripts for 11 and 7 of the genes identified by IVIAT were detectable in organisms in the blood of humans in Bangladesh who were bacteremic withS. Paratyphi A andSalmonella entericaserovar Typhi, respectively.S.Paratyphi A antigens identified by IVIAT warrant further evaluation for their contributions to pathogenesis and might have diagnostic, therapeutic, or preventive relevance.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae False-Positive Result Obtained from a Pharyngeal Swab by Using the Roche cobas 4800 CT/NG Assay in New Zealand in 2012
Authors: Upton Arlo , Bromhead Collette , Whiley David M. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

The Roche cobas 4800 CT/NG assay is a commonly used commercial system for screening for
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
infection, and previous studies have shown the method to be highly sensitive and specific for urogenital samples. We present the first confirmed clinical
N. gonorrhoeae
false-positive result using the cobas 4800 NG assay, obtained from testing a pharyngeal swab sample and caused by cross-reaction with a commensal
Neisseria
strain.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Infection in a Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient
Authors: Savini Vincenzo , Barbarini Daniela , Polakowska Klaudia , Gherardi Giovanni , Białecka Anna , Kasprowicz Andrzej , Polilli Ennio , Marrollo Roberta , Di Bonaventura Giovanni , Fazii Paolo , D'Antonio Domenico , Międzobrodzki Jacek , Carretto Edoardo 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
is a veterinary pathogen that has seldom been described as an agent of human disease. Features of this probably underreported coagulase-positive
Staphylococcus
species are depicted here through the description of a graft-versus-host disease-related wound infection caused by a multidrug-resistant strain.