bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of urinary biomarkers in reservoir hosts of leptospirosis by capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Nally Jarlath E. , Mullen William , Callanan John J. , Mischak Harald , Albalat Amaya 
Published: March 2015

PurposePathogenic leptospires colonize the renal tubules of reservoir hosts of infection and are excreted via urine into the environment. Asymptomatic reservoir hosts include a wide range of domestic and wild animal species and include cattle, dogs, and rats that can persistently excrete large numbers of pathogenic leptospires over many months. A similar presentation has been observed in humans categorized as “long‐term asymptomatic individuals” as they excreted leptospires in the absence of any clinical symptoms or positive serology.Experimental designIn the current study, the urine of experimentally infected rats, which showed no clinical signs or positive serology, was analyzed by CE‐MS to identify urinary biomarkers of chronic infection.ResultsA discriminating peptide pattern of 43 polypeptides provided a sensitivity of 93%, a specificity of 83%, and an accuracy of 90% for the identification of urine from chronically infected rats (p< 0.05, AUC > 90%). The majority of discriminating peptides were decreased in abundance in urine of chronically infected rats, including a peptide derived from neprilysin, a membrane metalloendopeptidase, the expression of which has previously been shown to be diminished in infected urine.Conclusion and clinical relevanceResults highlight the diagnostic capabilities of urinary biomarkers to identify reservoir hosts of leptospirosis using CE coupled to MS.
Supporting Teachers of English Learners by Leveraging Students' Linguistic Strengths
Authors: Jiménez Robert T. , David Sam , Pacheco Mark , Risko Victoria J. , Pray Lisa , Fagan Keenan , Gonzales Mark 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we seek to inform policy regarding the professional development of teachers of students who are learning English. To do this, we employ a framework that considers the pedagogical knowledge, practical teaching skills, and dispositions recommended by PD researchers and ELL teacher educators. We then present an approach that incorporates recommended teacher practices, dispositions, and types of knowledge that we call TRANSLATE, or Teaching Reading And New Strategic Language Approaches to English learners. We argue that translating carefully selected portions of grade‐level appropriate text has the potential to improve the English reading comprehension of ELLs. We illustrate this approach by highlighting how one of our research team's instructors was able to incorporate ELL students' linguistic expertise into their guided reading of a text so that they could engage in the kinds of metacognitive and metalinguistic behavior known to foster reading comprehension.
What You Say Matters
Authors: Hoover Kristen 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis Teaching Tip will explain an initiative, Global Book Hour, that engages families in a global literature read aloud. GBH integrates social studies, the visual and performing arts, healthy eating, and vocabulary development as children travel the world through high quality global children's literature. The program is a non‐traditional, rich literacy experience, and has multiple, strong community partners that include a grocery store and a laundromat. Because many of the children who attend GBH are immigrants and refugees, an added benefit of the read aloud and discussions is helping the children identify with characters in the story. Though this program is located in the community, it can be easily replicated in a school setting. In this article, the program is described, connections to the Common Core State Standards are identified, and suggestions for starting a GBH are included.
A mist‐net method for capturing harlequin ducks on rivers
Authors: Smith Cyndi M. , Trimper Perry G. , Bate Lisa J. , Brodeur Serge , Hansen Warren K. , Robert Michel 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTMany sea ducks are captured during wing molt at intertidal areas; however, to study the breeding ecology of some species, researchers need to capture them on streams and rivers, which are often flowing with high water. In fast‐flowing and deep water, wading streams during net set‐up and extraction of birds is impossible to complete safely. Between 1995 and 2013, we captured 720 adult and 241 hatch‐year harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) on 37 streams in eastern and western North America. We used a mist net extended across the stream with modified riggings that allowed above‐water retrieval of captured birds without technicians entering the stream. This method can be used across deep, fast water that is not wadable; requires equipment that is compact and easily transported; is suitable for remote areas; can be operated by a crew of 4–6 people; and has a low risk of injury to the birds. Care must be taken when using this method to capture large numbers of ducks simultaneously because it becomes difficult to keep the birds above the fast water. This capture method could be used for other ducks, and with different mesh sizes could also be used for other birds, such as American dippers (Cinclus americanus) and spotted sandpipers (Actitis macularius), at these inland locations. The mobility of this capture method means that species and individuals that are not of interest can be avoided by orienting the net to a horizontal position to allow non‐target species to pass by unhindered. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Fluorescence and Photocatalytic Properties of a Copper Compound with 2‐Phenyl‐1H‐1,3,7,8‐tetraazacyclopenta[l]phenanthrene and Silicotungstic Acid
Authors: Xu Dongbo , Luo Bifu , Chen Min , Meng Suci , Wu Yunlong , Jiang Deli 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe polyoxometalate compound [CuPTCP(H2O)2.5]2[SiW12O40]·10.5H2O (1) was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions using 2‐phenyl‐1H‐1,3,7,8‐tetraazacyclopenta[l]phenanthrene (PTCP) and Keggin‐type silicotungstic acid (H4SiW12O4) as neutral ligands. Compound 1 was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, elemental analysis, as well as IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm with a = 15.490(8) nm, b = 25.263(8) nm, c = 20.988(8) nm, α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°, V = 8213(6) nm3, Z = 2. Compared with the ligand PTCP, the fluorescent spectra of compound 1 are different. Furthermore, the Rhodamine B (RhB) photodegration process by compound 1 as catalyst was studied. It could be shown that the DR% of compound 1 is more than twice that of pure silicotungstic acid.
Identification of Methicillin-Susceptible or Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusCarrier Status Preoperatively Using Polymerase Chain Reaction in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery With Hardware Implantation
Authors: Bebko Serge P. , Byers Patricia , Green David M. , Awad Samir S. 
Published: March 2015

We compared bedside polymerase chain reaction to culture for identifyingStaphylococcus aureusin patients about to undergo surgery with hardware implantation. Patients were screened forS. aureuscarrier status at the preoperative clinic and on the day of surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy were calculated.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2015;00(0): 1–4
The relation of feedback-seeking motives and emotion regulation strategies to front-line managers’ feedback source profiles: A person-centered approach
Authors: Qian Jing , Han Zhuo R , Guo Zhichao , Yang Fu , Wang Haiwan , Wang Qiuyue 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAlthough the current literature offers some preliminary information about seeking feedback from various sources, a variable-centered approach has been adopted in which seeking feedback from supervisors and from subordinates was treated separately. We endeavored to extend this work through model-based cluster analysis, a person-centered approach, to identify distinct feedback source profiles in our sample of 209 front-line manager–supervisor dyads. Additionally, we aimed to explore whether such profiles differed between two feedback motives, perceived instrumental value and perceived image cost, as well as managers’ emotion regulation strategies. Results revealed six feedback source profiles and such profiles are associated not only with their perceived image cost and instrumental value but also with their emotion regulation strategies.
Effects of lexical semantics on acoustic prominence
Authors: LEWIS MOLLY L. , WATSON DUANE G. 
Published: March 2015

abstractThis paper explores the representations underlying lexical semantics. In particular, we test whether a word’s meaning can affect a word’s articulation. In Experiment 1, participants produced high-effort (e.g.,yelling) and low-effort (e.g.,chatting) words that are semantically related to articulation, as well as words that are semantically unrelated to articulation (e.g.,kicking). We found that vocal words were produced with greater intensity than non-vocal words. In Experiment 2, we explored the specificity of this effect by investigating how words semantically related to the mouth, but unrelated to vocalization (e.g.,chewing) were articulated. Analyses revealed that mouth words did not differ from controls, and we replicated the vocal effects from Experiment 1, suggesting fine-grain motor activation from lexical semantics. Experiment 3 revealed that the semantics of a verb influences the prosodic intensity of a sentence prior to the onset of the verb. Together, these data suggest aspects of lexical meaning influence prosody, and that motor representations may underlie lexical semantics.
Examining the potential for climate change mitigation from zero tillage
Authors: MANGALASSERY S. , SJÖGERSTEN S. , SPARKES D. L. , MOONEY S. J. 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYThe benefits of reduced and zero-tillage systems have been presented as reducing runoff, enhancing water retention and preventing soil erosion. There is also general agreement that the practice can conserve and enhance soil organic carbon (C) levels to some extent. However, their applicability in mitigating climate change has been debated extensively, especially when the whole profile of C in the soil is considered, along with a reported risk of enhanced nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The current paper presents a meta-analysis of existing literature to ascertain the climate change mitigation opportunities offered by minimizing tillage operations. Research suggests zero tillage is effective in sequestering C in both soil surface and sub-soil layers in tropical and temperate conditions. The C sequestration rate in tropical soils can be about five times higher than in temperate soils. In tropical soils, C accumulation is generally correlated with the duration of tillage. Reduced N2O emissions under long-term zero tillage have been reported in the literature but significant variability exists in the N2O flux information. Long-term, location-specific studies are needed urgently to determine the precise role of zero tillage in driving N2O fluxes. Considering the wide variety of crops utilized in zero-tillage studies, for example maize, barley, soybean and winter wheat, only soybean has been reported to show an increase in yield with zero tillage (7·7% over 10 years). In several cases yield reductions have been recorded e.g. c. 1–8% over 10 years under winter wheat and barley, respectively, suggesting zero tillage does not bring appreciable changes in yield but that the difference between the two approaches may be small. A key question that remains to be answered is: are any potential reductions in yield acceptable in the quest to mitigate climate change, given the importance of global food security?
Neck dissection: cause and effect
Authors: Hirshoren N , Ashqar F , Weinberger J M , Eliashar R 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to evaluate changes in neck dissection procedures over time in a tertiary university hospital to determine their influence on residency training.Methods:Neck dissections performed in a recent decade (2003–2012) were retrospectively analysed and compared with those of an earlier decade (1981–1990).Results:Nowadays, neck dissections are most frequently performed for thyroid (2003–2012 vs 1981–1990: 60.7 per cent vs 25 per cent, p = 0.002) and less often for epithelial malignancies (23.2 per cent vs 53.5 per cent, p = 0.002). Compared with dissections for thyroid spread, more dissections for epithelial malignancies are extensive (epithelial vs thyroid malignancies, 66 per cent vs 4.9 per cent) and more are performed after chemoradiation failures (25.6 per cent vs 0 per cent).Conclusion:This study demonstrates changes in neck dissection procedures over time. There is an increasing preference for conservative treatment for epithelial cancers. In addition, there is a large increase in both the diagnosis and surgical treatment of thyroid cancer. This shift may have a great effect on residents’ learning curves and on their ability to achieve competency in performing neck dissections.
An introduction to reasoning over qualitative multi-attribute preferences
Authors: Nunes Ingrid , Miles Simon , Luck Michael , Lucena Carlos J. P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractResearch on preferences has significantly increased in recent years, as it involves not only many subproblems to be investigated, such as elicitation, representation, and reasoning, but has also been the target of different research areas, for example, artificial intelligence and databases. In particular, much work has focused on qualitative preferences, because these are closer to the way people express their preferences in comparison with quantitative preferences. Against this background, a large number of approaches have been proposed, associated with heterogeneous areas, so that these approaches are usually just compared with those of the same area. In response, we present in this paper a survey of approaches toqualitative multi-attribute preference reasoning, covering different research areas. We introduce selected approaches that propose different techniques and algorithms, which take as input qualitative multi-attribute preference statements following a particular structure specified by the approach. We analyse each approach in a systematic way and discuss their commonalities and limitations.
Insulating state in tetralayers reveals an even–odd interaction effect in multilayer graphene
Authors: Grushina Anya L. , Ki Dong-Keun , Koshino Mikito , Nicolet Aurelien A. L. , Faugeras Clément , McCann Edward , Potemski Marek , Morpurgo Alberto F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractClose to charge neutrality, the electronic properties of graphene and its multilayers are sensitive to electron–electron interactions. In bilayers, for instance, interactions are predicted to open a gap between valence and conduction bands, turning the system into an insulator. In mono and (Bernal-stacked) trilayers, which remain conducting at low temperature, interactions do not have equally drastic consequences. It is expected that interaction effects become weaker for thicker multilayers, whose behaviour should converge to that of graphite. Here we show that this expectation does not correspond to reality by revealing the occurrence of an insulating state close to charge neutrality in Bernal-stacked tetralayer graphene. The phenomenology—incompatible with the behaviour expected from the single-particle band structure—resembles that observed in bilayers, but the insulating state in tetralayers is visible at higher temperature. We explain our findings, and the systematic even–odd effect of interactions in Bernal-stacked layers of different thickness that emerges from experiments, in terms of a generalization of the interaction-driven, symmetry-broken states proposed for bilayers.
High-resolution gene expression data from blastoderm embryos of the scuttle fly Megaselia abdita
Authors: Wotton Karl R , Jiménez-Guri Eva , Crombach Anton , Cicin-Sain Damjan , Jaeger Johannes 
Published: March 2015

AbstractGap genes are involved in segment determination during early development in dipteran insects (flies, midges, and mosquitoes). We carried out a systematic quantitative comparative analysis of the gap gene network across different dipteran species. Our work provides mechanistic insights into the evolution of this pattern-forming network. As a central component of our project, we created a high-resolution quantitative spatio-temporal data set of gap and maternal co-ordinate gene expression in the blastoderm embryo of the non-drosophilid scuttle fly, Megaselia abdita. Our data include expression patterns in both wild-type and RNAi-treated embryos. The data—covering 10 genes, 10 time points, and over 1,000 individual embryos—consist of original embryo images, quantified expression profiles, extracted positions of expression boundaries, and integrated expression patterns, plus metadata and intermediate processing steps. These data provide a valuable resource for researchers interested in the comparative study of gene regulatory networks and pattern formation, an essential step towards a more quantitative and mechanistic understanding of developmental evolution.
A reusable immobilization matrix for the biodegradation of phenol at 5000 mg/L
Authors: Li Najun , Jiang Jun , Chen Dongyun , Xu Qingfeng , Li Hua , Lu Jianmei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBacteria-mediated degradation of toxins has been reported as a practical technique for the innocuous removal of toxic organic compounds from water. Specifically, immobilized and pre-acclimatized Pseudomonas putida has been shown to clear low levels of contaminants (less than 2000 mg/L) from wastewater, wherein the bacteria consumes toxic aromatic compounds as the only source of carbon and energy. Here we report the preparation of a high-capacity composite adsorbent as an immobilization matrix for pre-acclimatized P. putida that is capable of complete degradation of 5000 mg/L of phenol within 80 hours. The composite adsorbent, a n-Butyl acrylate (BA)-resin evenly coated on polyester fiber (PF), can quickly reduce the phenol concentration to a level that is suitable for the immobilized bacteria to start the biodegradation process. Furthermore, the composite adsorbent (PF-BA) is regenerated during the biodegradation process without any additional manipulations, therefore it is reusable. As a whole, we provide a general strategy for more efficient biodegradation for phenol, which can be generalized to other water-soluble toxic organics removal for waste water treatment.
WNT-1 inducible signaling pathway protein-1 enhances growth and tumorigenesis in human breast cancer
Authors: Chiang Kun-Chun , Yeh Chun-Nan , Chung Li-Chuan , Feng Tsui-Hsia , Sun Chi-Chin , Chen Miin-Fu , Jan Yi-Yin , Yeh Ta-Sen , Chen Shin-Cheh , Juang Horng-Heng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) plays a key role in many cellular functions in a highly tissue-specific manner; however the role of WISP1 in breast cancer is still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that WISP1 acts as an oncogene in human breast cancer. We demonstrated that human breast cancer tissues had higher WISP1 mRNA expression than normal breast tissues and that treatment of recombinant WISP1 enhanced breast cancer cell proliferation. Further, ectopic expression of WISP1 increased the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. WISP1 transfection also induced epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) in MCF-7 cells, leading to higher migration and invasion. During this EMT-inducing process, E-cadherin was repressed and N-cadherin, snail and β-catenin were upregulated. Filamentous actin (F-actin) remodeling and polarization were also observed after WISP1 transfection into MCF-7 cells. Moreover, forced overexpression of WISP1 blocked the expression of NDRG1, a breast cancer tumor suppressor gene. Our study provides novel evidence that WISP1-modulated NDRG1 gene expression is dependent on a DNA fragment (−128 to +46) located within the human NDRG1 promoter. Thus, we concluded that WISP1 is a human breast cancer oncogene and is a potential therapeutic target.
Crystal structure of Gib2, a signal-transducing protein scaffold associated with ribosomes in Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Ero Rya , Dimitrova Valya Tenusheva , Chen Yun , Bu Wenting , Feng Shu , Liu Tongbao , Wang Ping , Xue Chaoyang , Tan Suet Mien , Gao Yong-Gui 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe atypical Gβ-like/RACK1 Gib2 protein promotes cAMP signalling that plays a central role in regulating the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. Gib2 contains a seven-bladed β transducin structure and is emerging as a scaffold protein interconnecting signalling pathways through interactions with various protein partners. Here, we present the crystal structure of Gib2 at a 2.2-Å resolution. The structure allows us to analyse the association between Gib2 and the ribosome, as well as to identify the Gib2 amino acid residues involved in ribosome binding. Our studies not only suggest that Gib2 has a role in protein translation but also present Gib2 as a physical link at the crossroads of various regulatory pathways important for the growth and virulence of C. neoformans.
The electronic structure of metal oxide/organo metal halide perovskite junctions in perovskite based solar cells
Authors: Dymshits Alex , Henning Alex , Segev Gideon , Rosenwaks Yossi , Etgar Lioz 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCross-sections of a hole-conductor-free CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell were characterized with Kelvin probe force microscopy. A depletion region width of about 45 nm was determined from the measured potential profiles at the interface between CH3NH3PbI3 and nanocrystalline TiO2, whereas a negligible depletion was measured at the CH3NH3PbI3/Al2O3 interface. A complete solar cell can be realized with the CH3NH3PbI3 that functions both as light harvester and hole conductor in combination with a metal oxide. The band diagrams were estimated from the measured potential profile at the interfaces and are critical findings for a better understanding and further improvement of perovskite based solar cells.
Disentangling the impacts of outcome valence and outcome frequency on the post-error slowing
Authors: Wang Lijun , Tang Dandan , Zhao Yuanfang , Hitchman Glenn , Wu Shanshan , Tan Jinfeng , Chen Antao 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPost-error slowing (PES) reflects efficient outcome monitoring, manifested as slower reaction time after errors. Cognitive control account assumes that PES depends on error information, whereas orienting account posits that it depends on error frequency. This raises the question how the outcome valence and outcome frequency separably influence the generation of PES. To address this issue, we varied the probability of observation errors (50/50 and 20/80, correct/error) the “partner” committed by employing an observation-execution task and investigated the corresponding behavioral and neural effects. On each trial, participants first viewed the outcome of a flanker-run that was supposedly performed by a ‘partner’ and then performed a flanker-run themselves afterwards. We observed PES in the two error rate conditions. However, electroencephalographic data suggested error-related potentials (oERN and oPe) and rhythmic oscillation associated with attentional process (alpha band) were respectively sensitive to outcome valence and outcome frequency. Importantly, oERN amplitude was positively correlated with PES. Taken together, these findings support the assumption of the cognitive control account, suggesting that outcome valence and outcome frequency are both involved in PES. Moreover, the generation of PES is indexed by oERN, whereas the modulation of PES size could be reflected on the alpha band.