bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The moral entrepreneurship of anti‐khat campaigners in Sweden – a critical discourse analysis
Authors: Nordgren Johan 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis article aims to analyse the discourse about khat in the Swedish newspaper media and to present the concept of moral entrepreneurship as a useful analytical tool for understanding mobilisation against khat use in the Somali diaspora.Design/methodology/approachThe material analysed consists of daily newspaper articles about khat published between 1986 and 2012. The method of analysis is inspired by the critical discourse analysis framework developed by Norman Fairclough. Drawing on Howard S. Becker's concept of moral entrepreneur, the article focuses on anti‐khat campaigners who speak out against khat in the media. These are often representatives from Somali voluntary associations or organisations, who sometimes employ moral entrepreneurship. The article discusses these actors' role in framing khat use as a tangible threat to the Somali community in Sweden.FindingsWhen employing moral entrepreneurship, anti‐khat campaigners spread a certain type of knowledge about khat that is presented to the general public via the media. The key issues that repeatedly are of concern are how khat destroys Somali families and how the use might spread to other groups. In this manner khat use is constructed as a threat to Somali social cohesion. The knowledge produced could potentially influence policy makers to introduce stricter punishments for possession, sale and use of khat, thereby possibly increasing stigma and marginalisation in relation to the Somali immigrant community.Originality/valueThe literature about khat has pointed to the centrality of Somali organisations mobilising against khat in the diaspora. This article presents moral entrepreneurship as a theoretical tool to further the understanding of the mobilisation against khat and its use.
Identifying success factors for implementation of ERP at Indian SMEs
Authors: Saini Shashank , Nigam Siddhartha , Misra Subhas C. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the success factors for implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) at Indian small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) and to provide a comparative study with the trend in Indian large organizations and the global trend.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors propose a hypothetical success factors model to address the research questions and validated the hypotheses using large‐scale survey‐based methodology. In this research the authors evaluated the success factors for implementation of ERP in Indian SMEs and then compared them with large Indian organizations and the global trends. In this paper, the authors have also tried to give some intuitive explanation to the possible reasons of difference between factors for SMEs compared to large organizations and global trends.FindingsIt was found that four of the five hypothesized technological factors are significantly related to the success of ERP implementation. They are: comprehensiveness of software development/process integration plan; significance of age of IT infrastructure; comprehensiveness of data migration plan; and extensiveness of system testing. Also, four of the nine hypotheses/sub‐hypotheses amongst the people factors are significantly related to the success of ERP implementation. They are: blend of cross‐functional employees in the team; extent of empowerment of decision‐making team; significance of morale of the implementation team; and exhaustiveness of user training. The authors have found that ten of the 11 hypothesized organizational factors are significantly related to the success of ERP implementation. They are: organisation's adaptability to changes; involvement of top management; degree of customization; efficiency of business process re‐engineering; exhaustiveness of contingency plans; clarity in definition of milestones; clarity in evaluation of milestones; alignment of ERP package with business processes; comprehensiveness of implementation strategy; involvement of consultant in implementation strategy; clarity of project status disclosure; and appraisal of clients about ERP strategy.Originality/valueThough enough work has been done on implementing ERP systems in large organizations across the globe, the small and medium‐sized firms of India are largely left untouched. Through this paper, the authors aim to find out the various critical factors that any of these SMEs should keep in mind when planning the implementation of an ERP system.
A conceptual model for demand forecasting and service positioning in the airline industry
Authors: Srinidhi S. , Manrai Ajay K. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to develop a traffic demand forecasting model specifically on international sectors from the USA. Also, in this paper, the authors formulate the service positioning matrix (SPM) that enables airlines to accurately position their services and improve their process efficiency.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors explore international sectors and present a traffic demand model specifically for the same. The distribution of demand is assumed to follow a normal distribution and non‐service variables are introduced in the model. The behavior of the passenger has been captured by deriving the zonal income function. The variables have been drawn from microeconomic theory and the traditional gravity model of physics. The key innovations of the paper are fusion of the gravity model and microeconomic theory to develop the traffic demand model, and transformation of income to zonal income by deriving the aggregate zonal demand function; and development of a service positioning matrix for the airline industry.FindingsIn this paper, first, the authors have presented a conceptual model for demand forecasting through usage of zonal income. Second, in recognition of the value add the firm receives by identifying the nature of service and derived customer satisfaction levels, the authors have presented the SPM – a framework to help service providers to position themselves on any one of the four defined states. The empirical work is underway to solidify the conceptions and would provide a robust route demand forecasting model for international route contemplation for airlines operating from the USA and a service positioning matrix.Originality/valueAlthough many airline companies and professional bodies are involved in developing forecasts of air transport demand, detailed analysis of the characteristics of demand for air transport over long‐haul or international routes are less researched. This paper attempts to provide a framework for the airlines to forecast demand specifically on international routes operated from major metros of the USA and position their services by designing the service positioning matrix. The model fuses concepts from physics and micro‐economics to enhance the forecasting capabilities. Major benefits include route contemplation, effective fleet scheduling, decisions on aircraft and fuel purchases, improving service efficiency and developing optimal fare policies.
Reducing antipsychotic prescriptions in primary care: a healthcare perspective
Authors: Mavrodaris Angelique , Philp Ian 
Published: March 2013

PurposeOne in 14 people over 65 years suffer from dementia in the UK. Over 25 per cent are receiving antipsychotics, which cause increases in mortality and cerebrovascular events. The need for a reduction and the use of alternative supportive strategies has been advocated. Risperidone at six‐week intervals is the only antipsychotic licensed for treatment with regular review. The majority of management occurs at primary care level and in care homes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate antipsychotic prescribing practices and patient review in these settings.Design/methodology/approachIn total, two surveys comprising questions addressing prescribing practices were developed and distributed electronically to all GP practices and care homes in Coventry and Warwickshire, West Midlands, England.FindingsThe majority of GPs (75 per cent) reported only “occasional” discontinuation of antipsychotics due to concerns at reducing drugs on their own, expectations of regulation from secondary care and resistance from care home staff. Poor reduction levels were reported in care homes, attributing low numbers to reluctance among GPs. History of cardiovascular risk factors did not appear to influence withdrawal. Only 40 per cent of GP practices maintained sole use of risperidone. At least six‐monthly reviews were reported by 63 per cent of GPs and 64 per cent of care homes, with very few conducting reviews at least three‐monthly. The importance of non‐pharmacological alternatives was emphasized, yet access was limited and highly resource‐dependent.Originality/valueThis study reveals the perspectives of staff delivering healthcare for people with dementia and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Potentially inappropriate antipsychotic principles were reported. A lack of communication and uncertainty of roles was evident. The development of understandable guidelines for healthcare workers and care home staff managing behavioural issues in patients with dementia is necessary.
How stakeholders view stakeholders as CSR motivators
Authors: Ditlev‐Simonsen Caroline D. , Wenstøp Fred 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate perceptions of the relative importance of different stakeholders (owners, employees, customers, non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) and governmental authorities) as agents motivating managers to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR). The aim is to determine which stakeholders are viewed as key motivators and which the respondents think ought to be key stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachThis is an empirical study. Three stakeholder groups – corporate leaders, MSc business students and NGOs – were consulted through a paper survey (n = 264).FindingsThe findings reveal that the three stakeholder groups roughly agree that owners are the main motivators for managers to pursue CSR, followed by customers, governments, employees and NGOs, in that order. The paper then turned from perceptions of how things are to opinions about how things ought to be, asking who should be the main motivator. In this case, customers moved up to first place, followed by employees, owners, government and NGOs. Age, but not gender, was a significant variable. The older the respondents, the smaller the discrepancy between perceptions of what is and opinions about what ought to be.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was conducted in Norway and generalization is therefore limited. By replicating the study in other countries cultural differences can be investigated.Practical implicationsThe findings are applicable for evaluating different avenues for understanding and influencing managerial and stakeholder CSR behaviour.Originality/valueSeveral studies have concluded that stakeholders are of key importance in the CSR setting. However, few studies so far have compared the perceived relative “power” held by stakeholders. This type of knowledge can provide a key to understanding the development of CSR.
College‐aged young consumers' interpretations of product placement in social games
Authors: Chen Huan , Deterding Audrey 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to explore how college‐aged consumers perceive and interpret product placement in the context of social games.Design/methodology/approachThe theoretical perspective guiding the study is phenomenology, and the essay assignment and in‐depth interviews were used to collect data.FindingsThe themes emerged from the current data regarding the participants' interpretations of product placement in social games are: freedom of choice; subtleness and unobtrusiveness; and connection to real world consumption.Originality/valueNo study to date has been designed to explore the product placement in social network sites (SNSs), especially in the context of social gaming. The study fills the research gap by exploring college‐aged consumers' interpretation of product placement in the context of social games.
Diverging approaches to benefits realization from public ICT investments
Authors: Hellang Øyvind , Skiftenes Flak Leif , Päivärinta Tero 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore practical methods for benefits realisation, with the intention of investigating if they are variance of a theme or rather can be classified as different approaches.Design/methodology/approachBased on a document study of Norwegian methods‐in‐use, this study uses an analytical comparison following an assimilation‐accommodation procedure to categorize the chosen methods as instances of approaches to benefits realisation.FindingsThis study documents the emergence of several methods from practice in the last half decade. This analysis suggests the existence of three distinct approaches to benefits realisation and defines these according to their central features.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a document study that could have been enhanced by empirical data on first‐hand experiences from the use of these methods. The findings of this study document a critical investigation of methods for benefits realisation, providing an enhanced base framework of three approaches for future research to build on.Originality/valueThis study provides fresh perspectives on benefits realisation by suggesting that existing methods differ to an extent that the authors argue they belong to different approaches that are likely to cause quite different results in practical use. This has important implications for both research and practice, as research should analyse benefits realisation efforts according to approach, and practice needs to carefully consider their choice of method based on their actual needs. Further, the paper employs an established analytical framework for a novel definition of approaches to the field of benefits realisation in the public sector.
Section 37 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 – re‐invigorated
Authors: Dobson Alexandra 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to seek to examine the operation of S.37 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 in the context of the debate about director's duties for health and safety. It goes on to consider whether its increased use is indicative of an inclination on the part of regulators to more readily target senior officers within companies.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper.FindingsThe section has received much attention in recent years because unlike the bulk of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 from which it derives, it imposes no positive duties. Its use arises via a secondary duty and only comes into operation following proof of organisational fault. However, this indirect duty is imposed typically against directors and the section is therefore of great interest as part of a wider debate on the imposition of liability at board level.Originality/valueDrawing on an a review of leading cases and the initial findings from analysis of the response to a Freedom of Information request made to the Health and Safety Executive in February 2012, the use of the section will be placed under the spotlight and considered in the context of other linked statutes.
The psychopathy of a Victorian serial killer: integrating micro and macro levels of analysis
Authors: Wilson David , Yardley Elizabeth 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to respond to a number of pleas for interdisciplinary – or integrative – approaches to psychology and criminology in exploring the value of simultaneously applying micro and macro analytical tools.Design/methodology/approachThe study reported in this paper applies both the revised psychopathy checklist (PCL‐R) and structural analysis to the historical case of Mary Ann Cotton, a nineteenth century British serial killer.FindingsFindings suggest that multi‐level approaches to analysis are valuable in developing holistic understandings into serial murder, which are appreciative of both the psychological characteristics of the individual offender and their location in the broader social and historical context. Micro analysis would now label Cotton a psychopath, but we need to broaden the analysis and to consider macro questions related to gender, poverty and the wider social structure in which Cotton operated.Research limitations/implicationsIn the absence of an interview with the offender, this study has supplemented alternative materials and as such, prompts debate into the application of contemporary tools to historical cases.Practical implicationsThe findings imply that the application of PCL‐R alongside structural analytical tools reveals more in‐depth and socially rooted insights into the study of historical cases of serial murder and as such, provide a valuable addition to both criminological and the psychological methodology frameworks.Originality/valueThis research prompts academic debate within psychology and criminology into the potential value of a combined, integrative approach to historical cases drawing upon both micro and macro analytical tools.
Microbial Contamination in Sprouts: How Effective Is Seed Disinfection Treatment?
Authors: Ding Hongliu , Fu Tong‐Jen , Smith Michelle A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMicrobial contamination of sprouts by Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157 : H7 has been a common cause of foodborne diseases and a continuing challenge to the sprout industry. Seed disinfection treatment has been recommended as a major intervention step in a multihurdle approach to reduce the risk of illness associated with contaminated sprouts. U.S. Food and Drug Administration cited 20000 ppm calcium hypochlorite as an example treatment in its recommendation for seed treatment and this treatment has been considered the reference standard for seed disinfection treatment for over a decade. However, promising new disinfection treatments have emerged in recent years. In this study, we summarized published data and compared the efficacies of different disinfection methods in the reduction of microbial contamination on seeds. Our findings suggest that while biological interventions such as competitive exclusion and certain chemical treatments appear to be similar to 20000 ppm calcium hypochlorite for seed disinfection, physical methods especially high pressure may be more effective than the reference standard regardless of the type of bacteria or seed. The combination of 2 or more treatments, sequentially or simultaneously, may further improve disinfection results. Since treatments with high levels of chemical disinfectants, especially 20000 ppm calcium hypochlorite, can pose environmental and worker safety risks, alternative intervention approaches should be considered. Additional studies to confirm the greater efficacy of certain physical and combined seed disinfection treatments and to identify other effective management strategies are needed to further improve sprout safety.
The SuperChip for microbial community structure, and function from all environments
Authors: Hazen Terry C. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryWe have the technology and capability to develop an all‐in‐one microarray that can provide complete information on a microbial community, including algae, protozoa, bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, antimicrobial resistance, biotoxins and functional activity. With lab‐on‐a‐chip, nanotechnology integrating a variety of the latest methods for a large number of sample types (water, sediment, waste water, food, blood, etc.) it is possible to make a desktop instrument that would have universal applications. There are two major thrusts to this grand challenge that will allow us to take advantage of the latest biotechnological breakthroughs in real time. The first is a bioengineering thrust that will take advantage of the large multidisciplinary laboratories in developing key technologies. Miniaturization will reduce reagent costs and increase sensitivity and reaction kinetics for rapid turnaround time. New and evolving technologies will allow us to port the designs for state‐of‐the‐art microarrays today to completely new nanotechnology inspired platforms as they mature. The second thrust is in bioinformatics to use our existing expertise to take advantage of the rapidly evolving landscape of bioinformatics data. This increasing capacity of the data set will allow us to resolve microbial species to greatly improved levels and identify functional genes beyond the hypothetical protein level. A cheap and portable assay would impact countless areas, including clean water technologies, emerging diseases, bioenergy, infectious disease diagnosis, climate change, food safety, environmental clean‐up and bioterrorism. In my opinion it is possible but it will require a very large group of multidiscplenary scientists from multiple institutions crossing many international boundaries and funding over a 5‐year period of more than $100 million. Given the impact that this SuperChip could have it is well worth the price!!!
Quad bike injuries in Waikato, New Zealand: an institutional review from 2007–2011
Authors: Wood Adam , Duijff Jan Willem , Christey Grant Robert 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the burden of all‐terrain vehicle (ATV) injuries within the Waikato region of New Zealand.MethodsFrom the local database of 13 400 trauma patients, 101 patients with ATV‐related injury or death were identified. We analysed data on demographics, location and mechanism of accident, helmet use, length of hospital stay, injury severity score and type of injury. Only admissions to Waikato Hospital trauma centre between February 2007 and March 2011 were included.ResultsA total of 84% of patients were male, 16% were female. The mean age was 38.8 years (range 4–82). Twelve per cent of patients were within the paediatric age range (<16 years). No age group was at particular risk for an ATV injury. An increase in ATV injuries year‐on‐year within the Waikato area was found. A large number of head injuries were found. Helmet compliance was low. Injury severity score was significantly higher in Maori than in NZ Europeans (mean 16.8 versus 10.0 (P = 0.04)) and was comparable between children and adults as well as men and women. Our results display a 42% rise in admission incidence from 2009 to 2010, resulting in increased hospital bed occupancy. If the current trend of a growing number of quad bike accidents was to continue, this could amount to a cost of NZ$1 467 344 in 2012 from ATV injuries in Waikato hospital alone.ConclusionsQuad bike injuries are an increasing burden on Waikato health care. The best strategy to tackle this epidemic needs to be further debated.
Explosive border: Dwelling, fear and violence on the Thai–Burmese border along the Salween River
Authors: Hengsuwan Paiboon 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe Salween borderlands can be conceptualised as spaces of exception where contradictory outcomes of state actions lead to state violence. The Burmese and Thai states have maintained their sovereign power and responded to economic regionalisation through violent practices in particular spaces. The political conflicts between the Burmese junta and ethnic minorities in the Salween borderlands have become war zones. The Burmese government in association with the Thai state and transnational dam investors has imposed the Salween dam projects on the Salween borderlands and people in the form of a terrorising state. The border people have experienced fear, danger and military violence, which has become part of the violence in everyday life. This paper provides an ethnographic study focused on specific events involving an explosion and death in a particular place and time on the Salween borderland. It shows the suffering of the border people in relation to sovereign power.