bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-derived xenografts of triple-negative breast cancer reproduce molecular features of patient tumors and respond to mTOR inhibition
Authors: Zhang Haiyu , Cohen Adam L , Krishnakumar Sujatha , Wapnir Irene L , Veeriah Selvaraju , Deng Glenn , Coram Marc A , Piskun Caroline M , Longacre Teri A , Herrler Michael , Frimannsson Daniel O , Telli Melinda L , Dirbas Frederick M , Matin AC , Dairkee Shanaz H , Larijani Banafshe , Glinsky Gennadi V , Bild Andrea H , Jeffrey Stefanie S 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive and lacks targeted therapies. Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways are frequently activated in TNBC patient tumors at the genome, gene expression and protein levels, and mTOR inhibitors have been shown to inhibit growth in TNBC cell lines. We describe a panel of patient-derived xenografts representing multiple TNBC subtypes and use them to test preclinical drug efficacy of two mTOR inhibitors, sirolimus (rapamycin) and temsirolimus (CCI-779).

Methods
We generated a panel of seven patient-derived orthotopic xenografts from six primary TNBC tumors and one metastasis. Patient tumors and corresponding xenografts were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) sequencing; TNBC subtypes were determined. Using a previously published logistic regression approach, we generated a rapamycin response signature from Connectivity Map gene expression data and used it to predict rapamycin sensitivity in 1,401 human breast cancers of different intrinsic subtypes, prompting in vivo testing of mTOR inhibitors and doxorubicin in our TNBC xenografts.

Results
Patient-derived xenografts recapitulated histology, biomarker expression and global genomic features of patient tumors. Two primary tumors had PIK3CA coding mutations, and five of six primary tumors showed flanking intron single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with conservation of sequence variations between primary tumors and xenografts, even on subsequent xenograft passages. Gene expression profiling showed that our models represent at least four of six TNBC subtypes. The rapamycin response signature predicted sensitivity for 94% of basal-like breast cancers in a large dataset. Drug testing of mTOR inhibitors in our xenografts showed 77 to 99% growth inhibition, significantly more than doxorubicin; protein phosphorylation studies indicated constitutive activation of the mTOR pathway that decreased with treatment. However, no tumor was completely eradicated.

Conclusions
A panel of patient-derived xenograft models covering a spectrum of TNBC subtypes was generated that histologically and genomically matched original patient tumors. Consistent with in silico predictions, mTOR inhibitor testing in our TNBC xenografts showed significant tumor growth inhibition in all, suggesting that mTOR inhibitors can be effective in TNBC, but will require use with additional therapies, warranting investigation of optimal drug combinations.
Minireview: Pathophysiological Roles of the TR4 Nuclear Receptor: Lessons Learned From Mice Lacking TR4
Authors: Lin Shin-Jen , Zhang Yanqing , Liu Ning-Chun , Yang Dong-Rong , Li Gonghui , Chang Chawnshang 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Testicular nuclear receptor 4 (TR4), also known as NR2C2, belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily and shares high homology with the testicular nuclear receptor 2. The natural ligands of TR4 remained unclear until the recent discoveries of several energy/lipid sensors including the polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and their synthetic ligands, thiazolidinediones, used for treatment of diabetes. TR4 is widely expressed throughout the body and particularly concentrated in the testis, prostate, cerebellum, and hippocampus. It has been shown to play important roles in cerebellar development, forebrain myelination, folliculogenesis, gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, muscle development, bone development, and prostate cancer progression. Here we provide a comprehensive summary of TR4 signaling including its upstream ligands/activators/suppressors, transcriptional coactivators/repressors, downstream targets, and their in vivo functions with potential impacts on TR4-related diseases. Importantly, TR4 shares similar ligands/activators with another key nuclear receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, which raised several interesting questions about how these 2 nuclear receptors may collaborate with or counteract each other's function in their related diseases. Clear dissection of such molecular mechanisms and their differential roles in various diseases may help researchers to design new potential drugs with better efficacy and fewer side effects to battle TR4 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ involved diseases.
A Heterometallic Protocol for Turn-on Fluorescence. Synthesis, Structure, and Luminescence Behavior of a Diruthenium(III)–Magnesium(II) Complex Decorated with Four Pyrenecarboxylates
Authors: Ikegami Atsushi , Abe Masaaki , Hisaeda Yoshio 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A new heterometallic diruthenium(III)–magnesium(II) complex functionalized with four pyrenecarboxylate fluorophores 1 has been synthesized and structurally characterized. Fluorescence from the pyrene moieties in 1 was nearly completely quenched in CH2Cl2 (&gt;98%), but turn-on fluorescence was successfully observed after regioselective substitution of the carboxylates bridging the heterometallic Ru(III)···Mg(II) sites.
Underwater Superoleophobicity of TiO2 Nanotube Arrays
Authors: Nishimoto Shunsuke , Sawai Yusuke , Kameshima Yoshikazu , Miyake Michihiro 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
TiO2 nanotube arrays prepared by the anodization of Ti plate exhibited underwater superoleophobicity. The surface almost completely repelled the oil droplet in water, even after storage in dark for one week under ambient conditions. The TiO2 nanotube arrays fabricated on a Ti mesh were found to be useful as oil–water-separation filters.
Cobalt-catalyzed Reductive Carboxylation on α,β-Unsaturated Nitriles with Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Hayashi Chika , Hayashi Takuo , Kikuchi Satoshi , Yamada Tohru 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The reductive carboxylation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with carbon dioxide was studied. After the screening of various transition-metal complex catalysts and reducing agents, it was found that the combination of bis(acetylacetonato)cobalt(II) and diethylzinc could effectively afford the corresponding α-carboxylate in high yield from α,β-unsaturated nitriles. The product was obtained after esterification by trimethylsilyldiazomethane. The highly selective carboxylation was observed at the α-position in the present study.
Use of hypodermoclysis in the treatment of elderly people in institutional care
Authors: Kobal Straus Klavdija 
Published: April 2014

Introduction: Hypodermoclysis is a way of administering fluids to the body by using a subcutaneous infusion. Research shows that this procedure is as effective as the more established intravenous infusion, posing no serious complications.Method: For this study, a descriptive quantitative method was used. The data were gathered through a structured survey questionnaire specifically designed for the purpose of the study. It consisted of 14 questions. The questionnaire was completed and returned by 40 nursing care managers in the old people’s homes. The questionnaire was designed and distributed by means of the 1ka web tool on February 10, 2013 and the answers were collected by February 26, 2013. The data analysis was performed using the software package 1ka, MS Office (Word, Excel) and SPSS 18.0.Results: With regard to geographical location of the old people’s homes inSlovenia, the familiarity with and the use of hypodermoclysis does not vary substantially (χ2 = 0.440, p = 0.507). Complications related to this procedure of administering fluids are rare when it is administered in conformity with accepted indications and guidelines. The risks of hypodermoclysis are not directly related to the rate of administration (χ2 = 0.000, p = 1.000). The research did not establish any correlation between the frequency of complications and the education level of the nursing staff (χ2 = 3.900, p = 0.420).Discussion and conclusion: The research shows that hypodermoclysis is an established and widely used procedure among the professionals who took part in the research. As hypodermoclysis is a safe, easy and financially accessible way of administering fluids, suitable for use both in institutions as well as in home care, the time has come for resurrection and evaluation of this alternative infusion technique for widespread future use.
Tagungsbericht: Dritter „Tag der Bestandserhaltung“ in Berlin und Brandenburg am 8. Oktober 2013
Authors: Balihar Elisabeth 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Am 8. Oktober 2013 fand auf dem Gelände der Universität Potsdam Griebnitzsee der dritte „Tag der Bestandserhaltung“ statt, der vom Kompetenzzentrum Bestandserhaltung für Archive und Bibliotheken in Berlin und Brandenburg organisiert wird. In diesem Tagungsbericht wird ein kurzer Abriss über die Vorträge, Workshops, Präsentationen und Führungen gegeben. Themen waren u. a. die KEK-Modellprojekte 2012 aus der Region, Servicestellen für Digitalisierungsprojekte in Berlin und Brandenburg, die neue maschinell elektrostatische Reinigungsanlage mit Standort in Hildesheim sowie die am Nachmittag durchgeführten Workshops und Führungen.
The Rise and Spread of Favoritism Practices
Authors: Duran Miguel A. , Morales Antonio J. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe common sensical definition of favoritism implies some kind of discrimination. We propose a model where a group of agents commit to give preference to their members when making job offers. This endogamic behavior is advantageous because members enjoy preferential job offers, but they incur in link costs and potential efficiency losses. Unlike the standard approach to favoritism, agents in our model make strategic joining decisions and as a result of the counterbalancing effects of favoritism, an optimal clique size appears in equilibrium. We show that favoritism is not compatible with large inefficiency losses and that there exists a non-monotonic relation between the unemployment level and favoritism practices. Societies with multiple equilibria are also found.
Fachportale von Bibliotheken
Authors: Wonke-Stehle Jens , Christof Jürgen 
Published: April 2014

ZusammenfassungWie können sich Bibliotheken als Dienstleister in der überregionalen Literaturversorgung so positionieren, dass sie ein am Bedarf der jeweiligen Zielgruppe orientiertes Dienstleistungsportfolio entwickeln, sie die Erbringung dieser Dienstleistungen so gestalten, dass diese in den Bibliotheksalltag („Regelbetrieb“) eingebunden sind, und sie auf zukünftige Entwicklungen sowohl in der Wissenschaft als auch im Bereich der Technologie vorbereitet sind?
Zehn Jahre Neuausrichtung des Sondersammelgebiets Ost- und Südostasien: Integration elektronischer Medien in den Sammel- und Serviceauftrag
Authors: Kaun Matthias 
Published: April 2014

ZusammenfassungDer Aufsatz umreißt die Auswirkungen der vor zehn Jahren entwickelten strategischen Neuausrichtung des DFG-geförderten Sondersammelgebiets Ost- und Südostasien. Mit der Ausweitung des Sammel- und Serviceauftrags auf elektronische Ressourcen bietet die Sammlung heute Zugang zu Millionen von Texten in gedruckter und elektronischer Form. Die Inhalte werden über das Portal CrossAsia angeboten, das von der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin betrieben wird. Sie stehen jeder wissenschaftlichen Nutzerin, jedem wissenschaftlichen Nutzer zur Verfügung. Elektronische Ressourcen bedürfen sowohl anderer technischer als auch administrativer Verfahren im Bibliotheksalltag, die hier am Beispiel der Sammlung Ost- und Südostasien beschrieben werden.
Novel clathrin activity: developments in health and disease
Authors: Ybe Joel A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractClathrin self-assembles into a coat around vesicles filled with cargo such as nutrients, hormones, and proteins destined for degradation. Recent developments indicate clathrin is not a specialist, but is involved in different processes relevant to health and disease. Clathrin is used to strengthen centrosomes and mitotic spindles essential for chromosome segregation in cell division. In Wnt signaling, clathrin is a component of signalosomes on the plasma membrane needed to produce functional Wnt receptors. In glucose metabolism, a muscle-specific isoform, CHC22 clathrin, is key to the formation of storage compartments for GLUT4 receptor, and CHC22 dysfunction has been tied to type 2 diabetes. The activity of clathrin to self-assemble and to work with huntingtin-interacting proteins to organize actin is exploited by Listeria and enteropathic Escherichia coli in their infection pathways. Finally, there is an important connection between clathrin and human malignancies. Clathrin is argued to help transactivate tumor suppressor p53 that controls specific genes in DNA repair and apoptosis. However, this is debatable because trimeric clathrin must be made monomeric. To get insight on how the clathrin structure could be converted, the crystal structure of the trimerization domain is used in the development of the detrimerization switch hypothesis. This novel hypothesis will be relevant if connections continue to be found between CHC17 and p53 anti-cancer activity in the nucleus.
Tabletops: Interactive Horizontal Surfaces
Authors: Müller-Tomfelde Christian , Fjeld Morten 
Published: April 2014

Summary
Tables are part of our everyday lives. We use their surfaces at home, at work, to play, to eat, and for collaboration. Since a few decades, researchers envision and design interactive tabletops with computers and displays integrated into the furniture. This is a prominent way of making computers invisible and to instantiate the user interface as a physical interface: an interactive horizontal surface. Tabletop research, technologies, prototypes, and products are tightly coupled and in this article we synthesize historical information and map our findings onto a so-called hype cycle, usually representing the maturity and the visibility of specific technologies. We characterize the evolution in this domain, pointing out and tracing innovations as they stimulated and triggered key transitions in research and technology. This enables us to extrapolate the future of interactive tabletops.
Erfahrungen aus der Entwicklung eines interaktiven, non-planaren Displays / Lessons Learned from the Development of an Interactive, Non-planar Display
Authors: Hennecke Fabian 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
Die Entwicklung im Bereich interaktiver Displays schreitet nicht nur in der Größe und Auflösung voran, auch die Form der Displays wird verändert. Neben flachen Displays, die unterschiedlich zum Nutzer orientiert sein können, gibt es mittlerweile gebogene Displays, die die Eigenschaften dieser unterschiedlichen Displayorientierungen kombinieren. Da es in jedoch noch kaum Erfahrungen mit solchen Systeme gibt, fasst dieses Papier die Entwicklung eines gebogenen Displays zusammen und hebt dabei Vor- sowie Nachteile der genutzten Techniken hervor. Dazu werden die einzelnen Schritte vom Prototyping während der Displayentwicklung bis hin zu speziell angepassten grafischen Benutzerschnittstellen vorgestellt. Basierend auf diesen Schritten werden die Erfahrungen abschließend in Form von Empfehlungen für die Entwicklung weiterer gebogener Displays zusammengefasst. Sie sollen helfen ähnliche Projekte besser zu planen und durchzuführen.
Die Wiederentdeckung analoger Interaktionsqualitäten in der digitalen Leitwarte / The return of physical interaction in future control rooms
Authors: Schwarz Tobias , Butscher Simon , Müller Jens , Reiterer Harald 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird das Blended Interaction Designframework als neuartiger Ansatz zur Vermischung realer und digitaler Interaktionskonzepte für Leitwarten vorgestellt. Hintergrund ist die Herausforderung einer stetig ansteigenden Komplexität der Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle. Leitbild bei der Konzeptentwicklung sind die Prinzipien der realitätsbasierten Interaktion und des Conceptual Blendings, die sowohl den Operateur mit seinen inhärenten Fähigkeiten, als auch den situativen Kontext der Arbeitsumgebung hervorheben. Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Frameworks werden anhand eines Fallbeispiels aus dem Kraftwerkskontext erläutert. Hierzu werden Visualisierungs- und Interaktionskonzepte für die Manipulation von Prozessvariablen beschrieben. Des Weiteren werden Ergebnisse einer experimentellen Benutzerstudie vorgestellt, in welcher ein möglicher Paradigmenwechsel hin zu neuen Interaktionsformen untersucht und diskutiert wird.
Komponenten und Einflussfaktoren der intuitiven Interaktion: Ein integratives Modell
Authors: Ullrich Daniel 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
“Intuitive Interaktion” gilt im Bereich technischer Produkte als unumstrittene Maxime. Was genau jedoch die wahrgenommene Intuitivität eines Produkts ausmacht, ist weniger klar definiert. Ich habe mich dem Phänomen intuitive Interaktion anhand eines dualen Ansatzes genähert, der Forschungserkenntnisse aus dem Bereich intuitiver Entscheidungen sowie Einsichten aus Nutzerstudien im Bereich interaktive Technologien kombiniert. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt ein integratives Modell vor, das die zentralen Forschungsergebnisse zusammenfasst. Kern des Modells ist die wahrgenommene Intuitivität eines Produkts und vier hierfür relevante Komponenten (Mühelosigkeit, Gefühlsgeleitet, Verbalisierungsfähigkeit, Magisches Erleben). Diese sind umgeben von mehreren Einflussfaktoren, die im Kontext der intuitiven Interaktion wirken und sie vielfältig moderieren. Einflussfaktoren erster Ebene sind der Nutzer und dessen individueller Erfahrungshintergrund, das Produkt mit seinen Eigenschaften und der Kontext, in dem die Interaktion stattfindet. Einflussfaktoren zweiter Ebene sind die Urteilsintegration (die Urteilsbildung des Nutzers), der Nutzungsmodus und die Transferdistanz (Distanz zwischen Anwendungsdomäne und Ursprung des Vorwissens). Die genannten Faktoren werden anhand beispielhafter Studienergebnisse beschrieben. Abschließend werden Ansatzpunkte des Modells für die User Experience Forschung und Gestaltung diskutiert.
Open Source Engineering Processes / Open Source-Entwicklungsprozesse
Authors: Mauerer Wolfgang , Jaeger Michael C. 
Published: April 2014

Summary
Software engineering in open source projects faces similar challenges as in traditional software development (coordination of and cooperation between contributors, change and release management, quality assurance, ...), but often uses different means of solving them. This leads to some salient distinctions between both worlds, especially with respect to communication and how technical issues are addressed. The variations within open source software (OSS) communities are considerable, and many different approaches are currently in use, ranging from informal conventions to highly systematic, formally specified and rigidly applied processes. We discuss the archetypal best practises in the field, illustrate them by presenting example projects, and provide a comparison to traditional approaches.
Open Source Community Processes: Implications on Micro and Macro Level / Auswirkungen von Prozessen in Open Source Gemeinschaften auf Mikro- und Makro-Ebene
Authors: Koch Stefan 
Published: April 2014

Summary
In this paper, we will discuss the existence and form of open source community processes, whether they differ between projects, and whether they have any implications on both micro and macro level. We will take a look at how different processes can impact the work and the resulting quality within projects, as well as on macro or project level outcomes like success or efficiency. We will also present as well as validate a research model to explain process adoption and implications.
Analytical and clinical challenges in a patient with concurrent type 1 diabetes, subcutaneous insulin resistance and insulin autoimmune syndrome
Authors: Jassam N , Amin N , Holland P , Semple R K , Halsall D J , Wark G , Barth J H 
Published: April 2014

Summary
A lean 15-year-old girl was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes based on symptomatic hyperglycaemia and positive anti-islet cell antibodies. Glycaemia was initially stabilised on twice-daily mixed insulin. After 11 months from the time of diagnosis, she complained of hyperglycaemia and ketosis alternating with hypoglycaemia. This progressively worsened until prolonged hospital admission was required for treatment of refractory hypoglycaemia. A high titre of anti-insulin antibodies was detected associated with a very low recovery of immunoreactive (free) insulin from plasma after precipitation with polyethylene glycol, suggesting the presence of insulin in bound complexes. Insulin autoimmune syndrome was diagnosed and metabolic fluctuations were initially managed supportively. However, due to poor glucose control, immunosuppressive therapy was initiated first with steroids and plasmapheresis and later with anti-CD20 antibody therapy (Rituximab). This treatment was associated with a gradual disappearance of anti-insulin antibodies and her underlying type 1 diabetes has subsequently been successfully managed with an insulin pump.

Learning points

Anti-insulin antibodies may result in low levels of free insulin.

Polyclonal anti-insulin antibodies can interfere with the pharmacological action of administered insulin, resulting in hypoglycaemia and insulin resistance, due to varying affinities and capacities.

In this patient, rituximab administration was associated with a gradual disappearance of anti-insulin antibodies.

It is hypothesised that this patient had subcutaneous insulin resistance (SIR) caused by insulin capture at the tissue level, either by antibodies or by sequestration.

A prolonged tissue resistance protocol may be more appropriate in patients with immune-mediated SIR syndrome.
Ce3+:CaSc2O4 Crystal Fibers for Green Light Emission: Growth Issues and Characterization
Authors: Klimm Detlef , Philippen Jan , Markurt Toni , Kwasniewski Albert 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTCe3+ is known to show broad optical emission peaking in the green spectral range. For the stabilization of 3-valent cerium in ceramic phosphors such as calcium scandate CaSc2O4, often co-doping with sodium for charge compensation is performed (Na+, Ce3+ ↔ 2 Ca2+). At the melting point of CaSc2O4 (≈2110°C), however, alkaline oxides evaporate completely and co-doping is thus no option for crystal growth from the melt. It is shown that even without co-doping Ce3+:CaSc2O4 crystal fibers can be grown from the melt by laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) in a suitable reactive atmosphere. Reactive means here that the oxygen partial pressure is a function of temperature and pO2(T) rises for this atmosphere in such a way that Ce3+ is kept stable for all T. Crystal fibers with ≈1 mm diameter and ≤50 mm length were grown and characterized. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) was performed in the pseudo-binary system CaO–Sc2O3, and the specific heat capacity cp(T) of CaSc2O4 was measured up to 1240 K by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Near and beyond the melting point of calcium scandate significant evaporation of calcium tends to shift the melt composition towards the Sc2O3 side. Measurements and thermodynamic calculations reveal quantitative data on the fugacities of evaporating species.