bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of foods enriched in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and CLA supplements with lipid profile in human studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Derakhshande-Rishehri Seyede-Masome , Mansourian Marjan , Kelishadi Roya , Heidari-Beni Motahar 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to review the association of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) consumption in two forms, foods enriched in CLA and CLA supplements, with serum lipid profile in human studies.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingSearch process was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus and Science Direct. Clinical trials that investigated the association of CLA intakes either in the form of supplements or enriched foods with lipid profile in healthy adults were included. All outcomes were recorded as continuous variables, and the effect size was measured by analysis of the mean and standard deviation before and after the intervention for case and control groups.SubjectsHealthy adult population.ResultsCLA supplementation was associated with a significant decrease in LDL cholesterol (mean difference=−0·218; 95 % CI −0·358, −0·077;P=0·002), a non-significant decrease in HDL cholesterol (mean difference=−0·051; 95 % CI −0·188, 0·086;P=0·468), a non-significant increase in total cholesterol (mean difference=0·009; 95 % CI −0·128, 0·146;P=0·896) and a non-significant decrease in TAG (mean difference=−0·065; 95 % CI −0·20, 0·07;P=0·344). Foods enriched with CLA were associated with significantly decreased LDL cholesterol (mean difference=−0·231; 95 % CI −0·438, −0·024;P=0·028), non-significantly increased HDL-C (mean difference=0·075; 95 % CI −0·121, 0·270;P=0·455), non-significantly decreased total cholesterol (mean difference=−0·158; 95 % CI −0·349, 0·042;P=0·124) and non-significantly decreased TAG (mean difference=−0·078; 95 % CI −0·274, 0·117;P=0·433).ConclusionsAccording to our analysis, consumption of foods enriched with CLA or CLA supplements has favourable effects on LDL cholesterol levels.
Quality of life changes and intensive care preferences in terminal cancer patients
Authors: Hwang In Cheol , Keam Bhumsuk , Yun Young Ho , Ahn Hong Yup , Kim Young-Ae 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjective:There is scarce research on the short-term fluctuations in end-of-life (EoL) care planning for seriously ill patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the stability of preferences regarding treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU) and identify the factors associated with changes in preferences in terms of quality of life (QoL).Method:A prospective examination on preference changes for ICU care in 141 terminal cancer patients was conducted. Patients were categorized according to their change in preference during the final two months of their lives into four categories: (1) the keep–accept group, (2) the keep–reject group, (3) the change to accept group, and (4) the change to reject group. Using multiple logistic analyses, we explored the association between patient demographics, health-related QoL, and changes in ICU preference.Results:The overall stability of ICU preferences near the end of life was 66.7% (κ = 0.33, p < 0.001). Married patients were more likely to change their preference regarding ICU care [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) toward accept 12.35, p = 0.021; aOR toward reject 10.56, p = 0.020] than unmarried patients. Patients with stable physical function tended to accept ICU care (aOR = 5.05, p = 0.023), whereas those with poor performance (aOR = 5.32, p = 0.018), worsened QoL (aOR = 8.34, p = 0.007), or non-aggravated fatigue (aOR = 8.36, p = 0.006) were more likely to not accept ICU care.Significance of results:The attitudes of terminally ill cancer patients regarding ICU care at the end of life were not stable over time, and changes in their QoL were associated with a tendency to change their preferences about ICU care. Attention should thus be paid to patients' QoL changes to improve medical decision making with regard to EoL care.
Mechanistic determinants of the directionality and energetics of active export by a heterodimeric ABC transporter
Authors: Grossmann Nina , Vakkasoglu Ahmet S. , Hulpke Sabine , Abele Rupert , Gaudet Rachelle , Tampé Robert 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) participates in immune surveillance by moving proteasomal products into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen for major histocompatibility complex class I loading and cell surface presentation to cytotoxic T cells. Here we delineate the mechanistic basis for antigen translocation. Notably, TAP works as a molecular diode, translocating peptide substrates against the gradient in a strict unidirectional way. We reveal the importance of the D-loop at the dimer interface of the two nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs) in coupling substrate translocation with ATP hydrolysis and defining transport vectoriality. Substitution of the conserved aspartate, which coordinates the ATP-binding site, decreases NBD dimerization affinity and turns the unidirectional primary active pump into a passive bidirectional nucleotide-gated facilitator. Thus, ATP hydrolysis is not required for translocation per se, but is essential for both active and unidirectional transport. Our data provide detailed mechanistic insight into how heterodimeric ABC exporters operate.
β-cateninC429S mice exhibit sterility consequent to spatiotemporally sustained Wnt signalling in the internal genitalia
Authors: Murata Takuya , Ishitsuka Yuichi , Karouji Kumiko , Kaneda Hideki , Toki Hideaki , Nakai Yuji , Makino Shigeru , Fukumura Ryutaro , Kotaki Hayato , Wakana Shigeharu , Noda Tetsuo , Gondo Yoichi 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWnt/β-catenin signalling regulates numerous developmental and homeostatic processes. Ctnnb1 (also known as β-catenin) is the only protein that transmits signals from various Wnt ligands to downstream genes. In this study, we report that our newly established mouse strain, which harbours a Cys429 to Ser missense mutation in theβ-cateningene, exhibited specific organ defects in contrast to mice with broadly functioning Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Both homozygous mutant males and females produced normal gametes but were infertile because of abnormal seminal vesicle and vaginal morphogenesis. An ins-TOPGAL transgenic reporter spatiotemporally sustained Wnt/β-catenin signalling during the corresponding organogenesis. Therefore,β-cateninC429Sshould provide new insights into β-catenin as a universal component of Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction.
Load mitigation of unbalanced wind turbines using PI‐R individual pitch control
Authors: Zhang Yunqian , Cheng Ming , Chen Zhe 
Published: November 2014

This study discusses the load mitigation of unbalanced wind turbines, including balanced and unbalanced loads. Regarding the wind turbine load reduction, it has been shown that individual pitch control (IPC) is more promising in comparison with collective pitch control. However, wind turbine unbalance will cause extra loads and fatigue on the wind turbine rotor, which has not been taken into consideration by the traditional IPC method. This study presents a new control strategy to mitigate the loads of the unbalance wind turbines. An IPC scheme consisting of a proportional–integral (PI) controller and two resonant (R) compensators is presented. The PI‐R regulator is implemented in the hub reference frame to reduce both the balanced and unbalanced loads of the turbine. The wind turbine code FAST (fatigue, aerodynamics, structures and turbulence) is used for the wind turbine load modelling. The simulations are conducted on the NREL upwind 1.5 MW wind turbine model. Elimination of both the balanced and unbalanced loads of the wind turbine has been achieved, so that PI‐R IPC is demonstrated as an effective means for load mitigation of unbalanced wind turbines.
SUMOylation at K340 inhibits tau degradation through deregulating its phosphorylation and ubiquitination
Authors: Luo Hong-Bin , Xia Yi-Yuan , Shu Xi-Ji , Liu Zan-Chao , Feng Ye , Liu Xing-Hua , Yu Guang , Yin Gang , Xiong Yan-Si , Zeng Kuan , Jiang Jun , Ye Keqiang , Wang Xiao-Chuan , Wang Jian-Zhi 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Intracellular accumulation of the abnormally modified tau is hallmark pathology of AD, but the mechanism leading to tau aggregation is not fully characterized. In the present study, we studied the effects of tau SUMOylation on its phosphorylation, ubiquitination, degradation, and aggregation. We discovered that sumoylation competes with ubiquitination in modifying tau, correlating with tau hyperphosphorylation. Identification of the posttranslational modification on tau provides the new insight into the molecular mechanism in tau aggregation.
Osteoblast regulation via ligand-activated nuclear trafficking of the oxytocin receptor
Authors: Di Benedetto Adriana , Sun Li , Zambonin Carlo G. , Tamma Roberto , Nico Beatrice , Calvano Cosima D. , Colaianni Graziana , Ji Yaoting , Mori Giorgio , Grano Maria , Lu Ping , Colucci Silvia , Yuen Tony , New Maria I. , Zallone Alberta , Zaidi Mone 
Published: November 2014

Significance
We have shown previously that oxytocin (Oxt), other than regulating lactation and social bonding, is a potent stimulator of bone formation by the osteoblast. Here, we present evidence that this action is exerted through the nuclear localization of the Oxt receptor (Oxtr). Our findings prompt additional studies into the contribution of nuclear Oxtr signaling in regulating lactation and social bonding.
Protein body-inducing fusions for recombinant protein production in plants.
Authors: Gutiérrez S. , Menassa R. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the use of plants as bioreactors for the production of recombinant proteins. The feasibility and promise of the use of protein body-inducing fusion tags in transient expression and in stable transgenic plants (i.e. tobacco) are also discussed.
Case study 2: Plant-made HIV vaccines and neutralizing antibodies.
Authors: Marusic C. , Donini M. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter provides an up-to-date overview of plant-based anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strategies for the production of both vaccine components and neutralizing antibodies. The importance of plants as ideal, safe and economic alternatives to traditional production systems for the large-scale production of HIV vaccine components and biopharmaceuticals is also discussed.
Case study 3: The search for a plant-made vaccine for pandemic influenza virus.
Authors: Hefferon K. L. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter highlights some of the progress made with respect to the development of a plant-made vaccine to combat pandemic influenza virus. A discussion of some of the events necessary and obstacles to be considered to ensure that plant-derived vaccines and other pharmaceuticals make a difference for those in need and become a reality for the developing world is also presented.
Inducible and repressible systems for transgene expression.
Authors: Lees R. S. , D'Amato R. , Benedict M. Q. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of inducible and repressible gene expression, with particular focus on those that have been demonstrated in insects or which merit consideration for further development. It focuses on versatile systems where some externally applied condition can be applied to a transgenic insect that either up- or downregulates gene expression, the removal of which returns expression to the previous state. Naturally occurring and synthetic systems of conditional expression are described.
Tephritid fruit fly transgenesis and applications.
Authors: Handler A. M. , Schetelig M. F. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the first transformation experiments for a particular vector system for tephritid species in which it has been tested. Additional experiments are discussed as they relate to new marker systems and vectors developed for particular applications. These include vector stabilization systems, site-specific genomic targeting and the development of tephritid transgenic strains for control applications.
Assessing risk of transgenic insects.
Authors: Quinlan M. M. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the development of transgenic insects for facilitating laboratory research in gene regulation, control or mitigation of injurious species of insects, including agricultural pests and vectors of animal and human diseases. The assessment of the risks posed by transgenic insects and various approaches in assessing this risk are discussed and various social and economic issues affecting risk assessment are highlighted.
Living in One World: Searle’s Social Ontology and Semiotics
Authors: Msimang Phila Mfundo 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSearle’s social ontology concerns the question of how it is that we are to reconcile different aspects of reality but takes for granted a particular kind of naturalism based on his unexplicated “basic facts” of nature. The consequence of this approach is that Searle’s ontology deals specifically with social reality and its institutions, and never directly with the basic facts upon which his position rests. Paradoxically, this naturalistic assumption alienates his theory from its connection with the basic facts because the nature of this connection is taken for granted and not explicitly shown how nature is connectable to the social world. I hope to show that Searle’s project is redeemed by biosemiotic theory that makes an explicit connection between the beginnings of sociality, which is where Searle’s work starts off, and the biological and physical nature of things, which is what Searle’s work takes for granted but what biosemiotics explicates.
Indian Market: A Tournament of Values
Authors: Rosenstein Carole 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFollowing Bourdieu, the process of commoditization has been understood to be the most socially significant process that art undergoes. That understanding presupposes the power of economic value, the order of value that all other values must resist or be overtaken by. This article analyzes the Santa Fe Indian Market as a tournament of values, where various orders of value compete for legitimacy and authority. While opposed aesthetic and economic orders frame evaluations at Indian Market, they serve primarily as background. At Indian Market, evaluations that use an administrative order of value are the site of intense contest and have great social significance both to this art world and to broader social, political, and economic concerns. A social theory of art relevant to many different art forms and traditions must take into account multiple orders of value and provide a method for analyzing their potential significance to participants.
Metapragmatics in Archaeological Analysis: Interpreting Classic Maya Patron Deity Veneration
Authors: Baron Joanne 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAnthropological archaeology has long had an interest in understanding the semiotic properties of material objects, since it is through such objects that most archaeological analysis takes place. In recent decades, a new emphasis on materiality has focused attention on the links between material objects and social relationships in the past. In this article I argue that, just as in modern societies, the indexical meaning of material objects, and their role in social relations, were shaped by metapragmatic discourses in the past. Thus, in order to understand the role of material objects within ancient societies, it is necessary to analyze these discourses by means of historical records, their archaeological context, and analogical examples. I give an example of this method by analyzing Classic Maya inscriptions and the ways that the discourses recorded in them characterize material objects such as temples, cult objects, and tribute payments.
Transcendence and Transgression in Religious Processions
Authors: Leone Massimo 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis article analyzes the phenomenology and semiotics of religious processions. On the one hand, these rituals succeed in congregating several individual agencies, thus helping them to obliterate the frontier between the sacred environment of the place of worship and the profane environment of the space surrounding it. Consequently, in religious processions, subjects experience an enlargement of the environment of the sacred that encourages them to believe in its omnipresence, in the reassuring idea that their entire existence takes place (literally and metaphorically) under the protection of transcendence. On the other hand, “accidents” caused by the persistence of individual agencies within the collective one constantly “threaten” the symbolic efficacy of religious processions: the tentative expansion of the sacred environment into the profane results in a symmetrical expansion of the latter into the former.
Decomposing the Farmer's Share of the Food Dollar
Authors: Kelly Jessica , Canning Patrick , Weersink Alfons 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Canadian farm share for five crop‐based products and seven livestock‐based products from 1997 to 2010 is calculated using a supply chain IO analysis. Significant differences exist in farm shares across food commodities with higher farm shares for livestock products and lower farm shares for grain‐based products. The decline in the Canadian farm share for food consumed at home is driven in large part by the food purchasing habits of consumers. This paper also addresses the hypothesis that the decline in the Canadian farm share could be partially driven by rising input costs in post‐farmgate processes or rising input costs that have greater impact on downstream sectors than primary agricultural producers. Three experiments were conducted to assess the impact of an increase in the cost of corn, energy, and farm labor would have on commodity output prices, farm returns, food expenditure, and farm share. In all three cases, the overall farm share increases, albeit by a small amount, suggesting that these shocks have a larger relative impact on the prices of agricultural commodities than the prices of marketing commodities used in post‐farmgate activities. A two‐period comparison of these simulations shows that energy (corn and farm labour) price shocks would have had a greater (lower) impact on the farm share in 2007 than 1997.
Intrafamilial Aggregation and Heritability of Left Ventricular Geometric Remodeling Is Independent of Cardiac Mass in Families of African Ancestry
Authors: Peterson Vernice R. , Norton Gavin R. , Redelinghuys Michelle , Libhaber Carlos D. , Maseko Muzi J. , Majane Olebogeng H.I. , Brooksbank Richard , Woodiwiss Angela J. 
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND
Whether left ventricular (LV) geometric remodeling, as indexed by relative wall thickness (RWT), aggregates in families and is inherited independent of LV mass (LVM) and additional confounders is uncertain.

METHODS
We determined whether RWT as assessed from 2D targeted M-mode echocardiography shows intrafamilial aggregation and heritability independent of LVM in 181 nuclear families (73 spouse pairs, 403 parent–child pairs, and 177 sibling–sibling pairs) with 16 families including 3 generations from an urban developing community of black Africans. Intrafamilial aggregation and heritability estimates (S.A.G.E. software) were assessed independent of confounders, including central aortic systolic blood pressure (SBPc) (radial applanation tonometry and SphygmoCor software).

RESULTS
Independent of confounders including SBPc, LV RWT was correlated in parent–child (r = 0.32, P &lt; 0.0001) and sibling–sibling (r = 0.29, P &lt; 0.0001), but not in spouse (r = 0.11, P = 0.33) pairs. The relationships between parent–child (r = 0.28, P &lt; 0.0001) and sibling–sibling (r = 0.24, P &lt; 0.001) pairs persisted with further adjustments for LVM or LVM indexed to height2.7 (LVMI). Similarly, independent of confounders, LV RWT showed significant heritability (h2 ± SEM = 0.56±0.09, P &lt; 0.0001) and this persisted with further adjustments for LVM (h2 ± SEM = 0.48±0.09, P &lt; 0.0001) or LVMI (h2 ± SEM = 0.49±0.09, P &lt; 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
In a group of African ancestry, independent of LVM, LV geometric remodeling shows significant intrafamilial aggregation and heritability. Genetic factors may in-part determine the LV geometric remodeling process independent of the extent of cardiac hypertrophy.
Concordant Parent–Child Reports of Anxiety Predict Impairment in Youth With Functional Abdominal Pain
Authors: Cunningham Natoshia R. , Cohen Mitchell B. , Farrell Michael K. , Mezoff Adam G. , Lynch‐Jordan Anne , Kashikar‐Zuck Susmita 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTBackground:Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is associated with significant anxiety and impairment. Prior investigations of child anxiety in youth with FAP are generally limited by small sample sizes, based on child report, and use lengthy diagnostic tools. It is unknown whether a brief anxiety‐screening tool is feasible, whether parent and child reports of anxiety are congruent, and whether parent and child agreement of child anxiety corresponds to increased impairment. The purpose of this investigation was to examine anxiety characteristics in youth with FAP using parent and child reports. Parent–child agreement of child anxiety symptoms was examined in relation to pain and disability.Methods:One hundred patients with FAP (8–18 years of age) recruited from pediatric gastroenterology clinics completed measures of pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale) and disability (Functional Disability Inventory). Patients and caregivers both completed a measure of child anxiety characteristics (Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders).Results:Clinically significant anxiety symptoms were more commonly reported by youth (54%) than their parents (30%). Panic/somatic symptoms, generalized anxiety, and separation anxiety were most commonly endorsed by patients, whereas generalized anxiety, separation anxiety, and school avoidance were most commonly reported by parents. The majority (65%) of parents and children agreed on the presence (26%) or absence (39%) of clinically significant anxiety. Parent–child agreement of clinically significant anxiety was related to increased impairment.Conclusions:A brief screening instrument of parent and child reports of anxiety can provide clinically relevant information for comprehensive treatment planning in children with FAP.
Identifying highly-penetrant disease causal mutations using next generation sequencing: Guide to whole process
Authors: Erzurumluoglu Mesut 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTRecent technological advances have created challenges for geneticists and a need to adapt to a wide range of new bioinformatics tools and an expanding wealth of publicly available data (e.g. mutation databases, software). This wide range of methods and a diversity of file formats used in sequence analysis is a significant issue, with a considerable amount of time spent before anyone can even attempt to analyse the genetic basis of human disorders. Another point to consider is although many possess ‘just enough’ knowledge to analyse their data, they do not make full use of the tools and databases that are available and also do not know how their data was created. The primary aim of this review is to document some of the key approaches and provide an analysis schema to make the analysis process more efficient and reliable in the context of discovering highly penetrant causal mutations/genes. This review will also compare the methods used to identify highly penetrant variants when data is obtained from consanguineous individuals as opposed to non-consanguineous; and when Mendelian disorders are analysed as opposed to common-complex disorders.