bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficiency Analysis of Organic and Conventional Melon Farming
Authors: Suhita C P , Setyaningrum D , Dewanti R P , Wikanditha K 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Globally, the impact of chemical fertilizer usage in agricultural cultivation techniques is increased production. This phenomenon leads to a dependence on its usage among farmers. However, the current situation in Indonesia is experiencing a scarcity of chemical fertilizers, resulting in high prices. One effort to improve this situation is through organic farming. Organic farming is a method that emphasizes the principles of natural ecosystems in the production process while yielding high-quality products. One approach to achieving organic farming is the use of organic fertilizers. This article uses a system literature review method regarding organic and conventional melon agribusiness. This article discusses the efficiency of organic and conventional melon farming from an environmental, human health, and economic perspective. Indonesian statistical data from 2021 indicates a 6.54% decrease in melon production, amounting to 129,147 tons. This decline is caused by the potential yield of melon varieties in Indonesia, ranging from only 36 to 43.91 tons per hectare, with fluctuating results. The issue of melon production in Indonesia is attributed to cultivation techniques reliant on chemical substances such as chemical fertilizers. Melon cultivation that adopts organic farming practices demonstrates that a 10% increase in organic fertilizer usage can lead to a 4.2% increase in melon production. The result indicates that organic melon farming is more efficient and profitable for farmers due to its higher market value.
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on staple food prices in Semarang
Authors: Dewanti R P , Paryanto E , Rahayu W , Rachmadhan A A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Staple food must be available in sufficient quantities at affordable prices. However, the Covid-19 pandemic caused restrictions on community access and disrupted food distribution. As one of the most affected cities, Semarang is faced the threat of the rise of food prices due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on staple food prices in Semarang. The focus commodities of this research are: (1) rice, (2) white sugar, (3) palm oil, (4) chicken eggs, (5) chicken meat, (6) beef. This study uses weekly time series data which is divided into two periods; the period before the Covid-19 pandemic (2018-2019) and during the Covid-19 pandemic (2020-2021). Data analysis performed using the ANOVA method; where the price difference shows the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on food prices. Data analysis was performed using the ANOVA method; where the price difference shows the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on food prices. The results show that the Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the changes of staple food prices in Semarang for commodities: (1) rice, (2) white sugar, (3) palm oil, (4) chicken meat, and (5) beef.
Factors Affecting The Income of PE Kaligesing Goat Farming in Kaligesing District Purworejo Regency
Authors: Handayani M , Darwanto D H , Jamhari  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the income of goat farming and the factors affecting the income of PE Kaligesing goat farming. These factors are the cost of forage, the number of goat sold, experience in farming and the number of goat owned. This research was conducted in Kaligesing District, Purworejo Regency. Research using survey method. Respondents are PE Kaligesing goat farmer’s. Collecting data using interview techniques. Data analysis used quantitative descriptive analysis. Quantitative analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the characteristics of the respondents were that 80% of the respondents were of productive age, 73.33% of the respondents’ education was secondary education and the average owner of 14 goats. An average production cost of IDR 10,672,862/year/14 heads, an average revenue of IDR 27,322,600/year/14 heads and an average income of IDR 16,649,738/year/14 heads. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the cost of forage and the number of goat sold had a very significant effect (p<0.01) on the income of Kaligesing PE goat farming, while the experience in farming and the number of goat owned had no effect (p>0.05) on the income of PE Kaligesing goat farming.
Yield Gaps and Factors Affecting Production Inefficiency in Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations in Muaro Jambi District Jambi Province
Authors: Alamsyah Zulkifli , Kalsum Ummi , Fauzia Gina , Yanita Mirawati , Hamid Ernawati , Napitupulu Dompak MT 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Oil palm plantations in Indonesia, including in Jambi Province, are categorized into large private plantation, state-owned plantation, and smallholder plantation. The productivity of smallholders is the lowest compared to the other 2 categories. At the district and sub-district level, the yield of smallholder oil palm is also vary, spreading from 1,675 to 6,680 kg CPO per ha per year. The large yield variation is inseparable from the plantation management among farmers. The objectives of this research are to study the yield gap and technical efficiency of production among smallholders, and to analyze the factors that affect the technical production inefficiency in smallholder oil palm plantation. The research was conducted in Muaro Jambi District as a main palm oil producing district in Jambi Province. Data was collected from a sampel of 120 independent smallholders. One way anova test was used to study the yield gap and double natural log (ln) of Cobb–Douglas stochastic frontier production function was used to analyze the technical efficiency and some factors affects its inefficiency. The results revealed that there were significant differences in yield among smallholders based on area size, level of education, and activeness in the farmer organizations. However, on average, the management of oil palm by independent smallholders is quite technically efficient. The factor that significantly affects the level of technical inefficiency are the size of the area and farmers’ level of education.
Feed Management of Beef Cattle Smallholder Farmer in the Conservation Area of Madura Beef Cattle
Authors: Sunyigono Andrie Kisroh , Subari Slamet , Saptati Ratna Ayu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Indonesia has consistently failed to achieve its meat self-sufficiency target in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014. Precisely during this period, the volume and value of feeder cattle and meat imports increased. One of the causes of failure to achieve the self-sufficiency target is still not achieving economic efficiency. The central and local governments have made efforts to implement the national cattle development roadmap. However, smallholder farmers, who account for 95% of the total farmers in Indonesia, are still subsistence. On the other hand, the beef cattle business cost is very high compared to the average daily gain achieved. The study’s objectives are: 1) to characterize the type of Madura beef cattle in terms of feed patterns, 2) to analyze the portion of feed budget, 3) to analyze the factors influencing the variation of food intake. The analytical method uses: 1) descriptive analysis, 2) explorative analysis and 3. regression analysis. The research results show five types of Madura Beef cattle: Sonok, Taccek, Breeder, Fattening, and cow. Body size and supplementation have a significant effect on the food intake.
Callus induction of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) with 2,4-D and Kinetin combination to enhance total phenolic and flavonoid content
Authors: Widyastuti D A , Santosa D , Nuringtyas T R , Rohman A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Plant tissue culture perform as in vitro technique which use any parts of plants under environmental and nutritional control. Tissue culture provides a competitive systems for effective secondary metabolites production, including in red ginger which has many functional properties with high demand in health and pharmaceutical sectors. This study aims to develop an appropriate procedure to cultivate red ginger with in vitro technique to enhance its phenolic and flavonoid content. The rhizome buds were use as explants for callus induction by MS medium with some combination of 2,4-D and kinetin (1:0; 1:1; 1:5; and 5:1). The 70% ethanol, 5,25% sodium hypochlorite, and 10% povidone iodine were used for surface sterilization of bud explants. The result reveals that in 1:0 combination of 2,4-D and Kinetin, the compact callus were initiated on day-16. The other three combinations showed shorter callus forming time in day-14 and they were friable. The 1:1 combination showed the highest percentage (70%) of callus formation compared to other three combinations. In this combination also indicated no contamination occurs. From this in vitro tissue culture, the methanolic extract of callus obtained highest total phenolic content (204,793 µg/mL) than rhizome (130.77 µg/mL). Though, the total flavonoid content of callus extract (0,289 µg/mL) was lower than rhizome extract (6.74 µg/mL). This study showed that the in vitro tissue culture was quite appropriate to enhance total phenolic content in red ginger, although not at the flavonoid content.
Characteristics and potential of tidal swamplands for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivation
Authors: Susilawati  , Liana T , Qomariah R , Lesmayati S , Bhermana A , Surdianto Y , Widiastuti D P , Syafrudin  , Zubaidah S , Sabran M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The characterization and potential of tidal swamps as a source of sorghum crop production (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moech), is the first research conducted in tidal lands, considering that so far sorghum has been widely planted in dry land. Aims to identify the biophysical character of the land, and multiply the potential, and technology of sorghum cultivation in tidal lands. Conducted in Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan, from August 2022 - April 2023. Land suitability analysis refers to 1:250,000 scale maps, 1:50,000 scale soil type maps, and soil analysis as the basis for determining technological inputs for successful site-specific sorghum cultivation. The results showed the biophysical character of tidal land with pH <5, has low nutrient content, imperfect water management, and proven to have good potential for sorghum growth. The application of dolomite as much as 1000 kg/ha and manure 5000 kg/ha and 200 kg/ha urea, 100 kg/ha SP-36, and 50 kg/ha KCL according to the results of soil analysis, proved that sorghum can produce 3.07 t/ha in tidal land, and almost the same as production in a dry land.
Water Soil Availability Prediction in Coffee Land Plantations with Remote Sensing
Authors: Arafat S , Fauzan M I , Fitria A D , Budiyanto S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The availability of soil water is the basis of plant growth, so its availability is important key for coffee plants growing in South Malang. Climate change makes the availability of water for these plants a complex problem because changing temperature and humidity. Remote sensing is a fast and cheap way to predict water availability in coffee plantations with large land areas and rapid climate change. The aims of this research to estimate water soil availability in coffee land plantations to meet plant water needs. The water content in coffee plantations can be estimated by combining the vegetation index values with a combination of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC), Land Surface Temperature (LST), and Land Surface Emissivity (LSE). The method used in this research is to make tentative maps obtained from overlays of all combining the vegetation index values. The selection of research locations is based on the area of the coffee plantation using the smallest pixel, with an area of 3.000.000 m square meters. Each location of the research location was carried out four times for sampling the soil moisture content. The results showed that the correlation value between water content and the estimation results had a correlation of 0.814, with a regression value of 0.663 and a probability value of 0.9226. This shows that it is possible to estimate the water content of coffee plantations using remote sensing made it easier for coffee farmers to take action based on actual conditions on the land.
On Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara, nixtamalization and pre-gelatinization were used as Bose Corn instantiation techniques
Authors: Hamaisa A , Estiasih T , Putri W D R , Fibrianto K 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The province of East Nusa Tenggara is an archipelago province. Timor Island is one of the islands in the province of East Nusa Tenggara, where most of the population consumes corn as a staple food besides rice. The typical food on Timor Island, known since ancient times, is Bose Corn. The Bose corn cooking procedure is time-consuming and water-intensive. Timor Island is an area with dry land and a dry climate. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce technology that can shorten the cooking time by using less water. The instantiation process of bose corn using nixtamalization and pre-gelatinization methods is used as a technology to overcome this problem. The nixtamalization method using 0.4% (w/v) Ca(OH)2 in the steeping time treatment (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours) showed an increase in the color components (brightness, redness, and yellowness) in a raw and cooked instant bose corn. The grain yield of instant bose corn experienced a significant increase, namely 53.63% in the treatment without steeping time (0 hours) to 72.21% in the treatment of 10 hours steeping time. Water absorption increased to 352.36% at a steeping time of 6 hours but decreased to 320.17% at 10 hours of steeping time. Instantiation of bose corn using the pre-gelatinization method with different treatments of cooking time (60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes) showed almost the same brightness value in raw and cooked instant bose corn. Differences in the color components redness and yellowness are indicated by the color towards yellowish red on raw instant bose corn and the color towards yellowish green on cooked instant bose corn. The grain yield of instant bose corn in large the pre-gelatinization method decreased significantly with the cooking time, namely 91.38% at 60 minutes to 75.23% at 180 minutes. The water absorption capacity of instant bose corn has increased but not significantly. It proves that the discoloration of instant bose corn in raw and cooked conditions using nixtamalization and pre-gelatinization methods was not significantly different. The grain yields produced from these two methods have no significant difference in water absorption. Thus, these two instantiation methods can be applied to the people of the island of Timor to make instant bose corn.
Creamer Encapsulated Aloe Vera: Physical and Chemical Screening for A Beverage Prospect
Authors: Ni’maturrohmah D , Chandra E C , Wulandari R , Nisa K , Sefrienda A R , Indrianingsih A W , Suryani A E , Darsih C , Mujiyanto  , Haryanti S , Handayani S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Recently, consumers of herbal drinks have been exposed to nutritional effects of Aloe vera. This article presents an analysis of physical and chemical properties of creamer encapsulated Aloe vera as a nutrient-rich food candidate. The research aimed to explore comparison between the drying method influence, spray-drying and freeze-drying. The yield percentage was made up to investigate the effectiveness of the procedure. In addition, the physical observation of the final product consists of morphology, moisture content, water solubility, acidity level, viscosity and color. The chemical analysis was decided for the polysaccharide and acetyl-O polysaccharide content calculation of the materials. To begin with, XRF data explained that the dried Aloe vera as raw materials is a prospect for an osteoporosis agent which contains 0.506% of magnesium and 3.75% of calcium. After being dried with creamer encapsulation, the freeze-drying technique produced almost twice as much yield as the spray-drying. The Av-Cr-SD was scanned as an oval shape, whereas the Av-Cr-FD was a smooth thin layer. Moreover, Av-Cr-FD contained higher moisture, dissolved faster in water and was lower pH than Av-Cr-SD. For viscosity and color parameters, the both products did not show significant value. The chemical study explained that Av-Cr-SD was calculated as a lower percentage of polysaccharide and acetyl-O polysaccharide content. Overall, we estimated that the freeze-drying method is more applicable to produce the encapsulated powders. As in the previous studies, we found that the heat of the different equipment is one of the factors that result in the different characteristics of the products.
Grain Quality Evaluation of Several Upland Rice Varieties in Indonesia
Authors: Indrasari S D , Marwati T , Djaafar T F , Purwaningsih H , Kobarsih M , Apriyati E , Wanita Y P , Ambarsari I , Andriana Y 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
High-yielding rice varieties that are adaptive to dry land conditions are the main technological component in efforts to increase rice production also known as upland rice. This study aimed to determine the physical quality, milling quality, physicochemical characteristics, and sensory test of six upland rice new superior varieties namely Inpago 8, Inpago 10, Inpago 12, Inpago Unsoed, Rindang 1 and Rindang 2. The quality analysis was carried out at Rice Quality Laboratory, Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR) in Sukamandi, West Java, Indonesia. Furthermore, rice quality data is compared with the Indonesian National Standard (INS) for paddy No. 0224-1987/SPI-TAN / 01/01/1993 and with INS of rice No 6128:2020. The result showed that upland rice varieties have the criteria of the third class of INS paddy. Out of six varieties, four varieties were categorized as long rice and the rest were medium rice (Inpago 8 and Inpago Unsoed). All varieties were classified as medium shape. According to milling quality, Inpago 12 followed by Inpago 8 has the best yield of brown rice. Meanwhile, the best yield of milled rice was Inpago 12 followed by Inpago 10. All varieties met the percentage of head rice (maximum 75%) and broken rice (maximum 22%) for the second medium class. The Inpago 8, Inpago 10, Inpago 12, and Inpago Unsoed varieties belong to the low to medium amylose group, having a medium gel consistency with a separated and fluffy cooked rice texture character. According to the sensory test findings for cooked rice, there were no differences among any of the kinds in terms of flavor, color, shine, taste and overall evaluation. Based on physical, milling quality and physicochemical characteristics, Inpago 12 is the best variety of all the upland varieties observed.
Chemical and Sensory Properties of Mentik Grompol and Sembada Merah Cooked Rice’s : The Effect of Storage Method
Authors: Apriyati E , Wismono E N , Indrasari S D , Purwaningsih H , Kristamtini  , Djaafar TF , Rahardjo A P , Nusantoro B P , Ambarsari I , Andriana Y 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Currently there are several varieties of colored rice such as red rice and black rice which are rich in nutrients. Indonesian people, in particular, are starting to consume rice as a healthy food by choosing to consume red rice or black rice. For storage, Indonesians are accustomed to preparing a lot of rice and then placing it in a rice basket or a magic com warmer. Therefore, this study was conducted with aims to evaluating the effect of the storage methods and times of white and red cooked rice on total sugar content, starch content, amylose content, and sensory properties. The paddy of Mentik Grompol (MG) cultivar is dehulled, then milled to produce white milled rice, while the paddy of Sembada Merah (SM), a red paddy variety is only dehulled to produce brown rice. Both types of rice are cooked using magic com to get white and red cooked rice. The cooked rice was stored in magic com and plastic basket, then observed at 0, 9, 18, and 27 hours respectively. According to the findings, red cooked rice had lower moisture content, total sugar, starch, and amylose content than white cooked rice. The total sugar level, starch content, and amylose content of white and red cooked rice were all considerably impacted by storage duration. The lowest total sugar content is red cooked rice which is stored for 27 hours either in magic com. Red cooked rice, which was kept in magic com for 27 hours, had the lowest starch and amylose concentration. Compared to Sembada Merah cooked rice, Mentik Grompol white cooked rice is preferred by panelists based on sensory evaluation in terms of color, texture, aroma, taste, and overall parameters. To prevent an increase in the prevalence of diabetes, rice should not be consumed immediately but stored first in a magic com or plastic basket because the total sugar and starch levels in rice have decreased.
Food interventions and nutritional status of undernourished children ages 0-5 years old in southern Philippines: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Morados A N , Qui N H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis and determine pooled effectiveness of food interventions on the nutritional status of undernourished children ages 0-5 years old in low- and middle-income countries. Specific objectives include identification, selection, and appraisal of interventions that target undernourished children ages 0-5 years old. This study included Randomized Controlled Trials, Pre-post Interventional, Case-Control, and Cohort Studies that were conducted from 2016-2019 that target Undernourished children, 0-5 years old. The outcome is improvement in Nutritional Status: Weight-for-age, Length-for-age, Weight-for-length, Weight Gain, Mean Weight, Mid-Upper Arm Circumference, Length (cm). The search and identification of studies, supplemented with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, was done through an online database (Pubmed, Ebscohost, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) and in the Department of Agriculture Library. The study used four (4) tools in appraising the studies. The four tools differed in terms of their indication of use by study design: Risk of Bias-2 for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies- of Interventions for Non-Randomized Studies (NRSI), and Heller’s Public Health Checklist for quasi-experimental (within-group) designs. Out of thirty-one (31) studies, this paper compiled seven (7) interventions. The interventions are local and homemade food, nutritional education, food production, milk-based formula, reduced dose of RUTF, rehabilitation programs, and positive deviance approach. Risk of Bias: (ROB-2) 100% of the studies have low risk in random sequence generation, blinding of outcome assessment, and selective reporting domains. Only 10% of the studies demonstrated unclear or moderate risk under attrition bias due to incomplete outcome data. Roughly 20% of the studies also showed unclear or moderate risk under selection and performance bias. (ROBINS-I) 67% (6/9) of the included studies are low risk for overall bias. (Heller) Studies were appraised by Heller’s checklist where identification of strengths and weaknesses were identified. This review found that local and homemade food improves the nutritional status of undernourished children below five years old. Findings show that nutrition education has little to no effect, while food production needs more studies to increase its certainty. Other interventions mentioned need more similar studies to obtain a pooled effectiveness. This review has excluded studies that are of high risk of bias to minimize low certainty of evidence. However, this review was unable to examine adverse effects of the interventions. This review has some studies not pooled due to missing values such as standard deviations and confidence interval.