bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Nature of V1464 Aql: A New Ellipsoidal Variable with a δ Scuti Component
Authors: Dal H. A. , Sipahi E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTaking into account the results obtained from the models and analyses of the BVRI light curves, we discuss the nature of V1464 Aql. The analyses indicated that the mass ratio of the system is q = 0.71 ± 0.02, while the inclination of the system (i) is 38°.45 ± 0°.22. Taking the primary component’s temperature as 7420 ± 192 K, we found that the temperature of the secondary is 6232 ± 161 K. The mass of the primary component was found to be 1.74 ± 0.05 M⊙, while it is 1.23 ± 0.01 M⊙ for the secondary. The primary component’s radius was found to be 2.10 ± 0.05 R⊙, while it was found as 1.80 ± 0.01 R⊙ for the secondary. Revealing that the system should not exhibit any eclipses, we demonstrated that the main variation with large amplitude should be caused due to the ellipsoidal effect. Indeed, the Fourier analysis also supported the result. For the first time in the literature, we revealed that the primary component is a δ Scuti star. The period of pulsation was found to be 58.482 ± 0.002, 58.482 ± 0.001, 60.966 ± 0.002, and 60.964 ± 0.003 min in BVRI bands, respectively. We plotted V1464 Aql in the log (Porb)–log (Ppulse) plane. Using more than 160 binaries, whose one or both components are pulsating, we derived a new linear fit in the log (Porb)–log (Ppulse) plane for each type of binary. Using the linear fit of each group, we obtained new calibrations between log (Porb) and log (Ppulse) for different types of pulsating stars. In addition, a calibration has been obtained for the first time for the pulsating stars with spectral types O and B. V1464 Aql seems to be located near the other ellipsoidal and close binaries. Thus, we listed V1464 Aql as a new candidate for the ellipsoidal variables with a δ Scuti component.
The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Project
Authors: Manchester R. N. , Hobbs G. , Bailes M. , Coles W. A. , van Straten W. , Keith M. J. , Shannon R. M. , Bhat N. D. R. , Brown A. , Burke-Spolaor S. G. , Champion D. J. , Chaudhary A. , Edwards R. T. , Hampson G. , Hotan A. W. , Jameson A. , Jenet F. A. , Kesteven M. J. , Khoo J. , Kocz J. , Maciesiak K. , Oslowski S. , Ravi V. , Reynolds J. R. , Sarkissian J. M. , Verbiest J. P. W. , Wen Z. L. , Wilson W. E. , Yardley D. , Yan W. M. , You X. P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA ‘pulsar timing array’ (PTA), in which observations of a large sample of pulsars spread across the celestial sphere are combined, allows investigation of ‘global’ phenomena such as a background of gravitational waves or instabilities in atomic timescales that produce correlated timing residuals in the pulsars of the array. The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) is an implementation of the PTA concept based on observations with the Parkes 64-m radio telescope. A sample of 20 ms pulsars is being observed at three radio-frequency bands, 50 cm (~700 MHz), 20 cm (~1400 MHz), and 10 cm (~3100 MHz), with observations at intervals of two to three weeks. Regular observations commenced in early 2005. This paper describes the systems used for the PPTA observations and data processing, including calibration and timing analysis. The strategy behind the choice of pulsars, observing parameters, and analysis methods is discussed. Results are presented for PPTA data in the three bands taken between 2005 March and 2011 March. For 10 of the 20 pulsars, rms timing residuals are less than 1 μs for the best band after fitting for pulse frequency and its first time derivative. Significant ‘red’ timing noise is detected in about half of the sample. We discuss the implications of these results on future projects including the International Pulsar Timing Array and a PTA based on the Square Kilometre Array. We also present an ‘extended PPTA’ data set that combines PPTA data with earlier Parkes timing data for these pulsars.
Post-exercise whey protein hydrolysate supplementation induces a greater increase in muscle protein synthesis than its constituent amino acid content
Authors: Kanda Atsushi , Nakayama Kyosuke , Fukasawa Tomoyuki , Koga Jinichiro , Kanegae Minoru , Kawanaka Kentaro , Higuchi Mitsuru 
Published: February 2013

It is well known that ingestion of a protein source is effective in stimulating muscle protein synthesis after exercise. In addition, there are numerous reports on the impact of leucine and leucine-rich whey protein on muscle protein synthesis and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling. However, there is only limited information on the effects of whey protein hydrolysates (WPH) on muscle protein synthesis and mTOR signalling. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of WPH and amino acids on muscle protein synthesis and the initiation of translation in skeletal muscle during the post-exercise phase. Male Sprague–Dawley rats swam for 2 h to depress muscle protein synthesis. Immediately after exercise, the animals were administered either carbohydrate (CHO), CHO plus an amino acid mixture (AA) or CHO plus WPH. At 1 h after exercise, the supplements containing whey-based protein (AA and WPH) caused a significant increase in the fractional rate of protein synthesis (FSR) compared with CHO. WPH also caused a significant increase in FSR compared with AA. Post-exercise ingestion of WPH caused a significant increase in the phosphorylation of mTOR levels compared with AA or CHO. In addition, WPH caused greater phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 than AA and CHO. In contrast, there was no difference in plasma amino acid levels following supplementation with either AA or WPH. These results indicate that WPH may include active components that are superior to amino acids for stimulating muscle protein synthesis and initiating translation.
Palaeoenvironmental significance of Toarcian black shales and event deposits from southern Beaujolais, France
Authors: SUAN GUILLAUME , RULLEAU LOUIS , MATTIOLI EMANUELA , SUCHÉRAS-MARX BAPTISTE , ROUSSELLE BRUNO , PITTET BERNARD , VINCENT PEGGY , MARTIN JEREMY E. , LÉNA ALEX , SPANGENBERG JORGE. E. , FÖLLMI KARL B. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNew sedimentological, biostratigraphical and geochemical data recording the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE) are reported from a marginal marine succession in southern Beaujolais, France. Theserpentinumandbifronsammonite zones record black shales with high (1–10 wt%) total organic carbon contents (TOC) and dysoxia-tolerant benthic fauna typical of the ‘Schistes Carton’ facies well documented in contemporaneous nearby basins. The base of theserpentinumammonite zone, however, differs from coeval strata of most adjacent basinal series in that it presents several massive storm beds particularly enriched in juvenile ammonites and the dysoxia-tolerant, miniaturized gastropodCoelodiscus. This storm-dominated interval records a marked negative 5‰ carbonate and organic carbon isotope excursion being time-equivalent with that recording storm- and mass flow-deposits in sections of the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal, pointing to the existence of a major tempestite/turbidite event over tropical areas during the T-OAE. Although several explanations remain possible at present, we favour climatically induced changes in platform morphology and storm activity as the main drivers of these sedimentological features. In addition, we show that recent weathering, most probably due to infiltration of O2-rich meteoric water, resulted in the preferential removal of12C-enriched organic carbon, dramatic TOC loss and total destruction of the lamination of the black shale sequence over most of the studied exposure. These latter observations imply that extreme caution should be applied when interpreting the palaeoenvironmental significance of sediments lacking TOC enrichment and lamination from outcrops with limited surface exposures.
Common mental disorder severity and its association with treatment contact and treatment intensity for mental health problems
Authors: ten Have M. , Nuyen J. , Beekman A. , de Graaf R. 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundDetailed population-based survey information on the relationship between the severity of common mental disorders (CMDs) and treatment for mental health problems is heavily based on North American research. The aim of this study was to replicate and expand existing knowledge by studying CMD severity and its association with treatment contact and treatment intensity in The Netherlands.MethodData were obtained from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2), a nationally representative face-to-face survey of the general population aged 18–64 years (n = 6646, response rate = 65.1%). DSM-IV diagnoses and disorder severity were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0). Treatment contact refers to at least one contact for mental health problems made in the general medical care (GMC) or mental health care (MHC) sector. Four levels of treatment intensity were assessed, based on type and duration of therapy received.ResultsAlthough CMD severity was related to treatment contact, only 39.0% of severe cases received MHC. At the same time, 40.3% of MHC users did not have a 12-month disorder. Increasing levels of treatment intensity ranged from 51.6% to 13.0% in GMC and from 81.4% to 51.1% in MHC. CMD severity was related to treatment intensity in MHC but not in GMC. Sociodemographic characteristics were not significantly related to having experienced the highest level of treatment intensity in MHC.ConclusionsMental health treatment in the GMC sector should be improved, especially when policy is aimed at increasing the role of primary care in the management of mental health problems.
Constancy results for special families of projections
Authors: FÄSSLER KATRIN , ORPONEN TUOMAS 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLet { = V × ℝl : V ∈ G(n−l,m−l)} be the family of m-dimensional subspaces of ℝn containing {0} × ℝl, and let : ℝn → be the orthogonal projection onto . We prove that the mapping V ↦ Dim (B) is almost surely constant for any analytic set B ⊂ ℝn, where Dim denotes either Hausdorff or packing dimension.
Reporting of trans-fat on labels of Brazilian food products
Authors: Silveira Bruna Maria , Gonzalez-Chica David Alejandro , da Costa Proença Rossana Pacheco 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe present study investigated how trans-fat is reported on the packaging of foods sold in a Brazilian supermarket.DesignThe present descriptive, cross-sectional study analysed the ingredient list, nutrition facts label and claims of no trans-fat on the packaging.SettingA large supermarket in Florianópolis, Brazil.SubjectsAll food products available at the supermarket.ResultsOf the 2327 study products, more than half had components containing trans-fat in the ingredient list, especially hydrogenated vegetable fat and its alternative names. A small percentage of food products reported some trans-fat content on the nutrition facts label and roughly a quarter of the food products claimed to contain no trans-fat on the front of the packaging. There was very low agreement among the trans-fat content reported in the nutrition facts label, claims of no trans-fat made on the packaging and the ingredient list.ConclusionsThere was low agreement among the different ways of reporting trans-fat, suggesting that it is not possible to rely on the nutrition facts label or no trans-fat claims printed on the packaging of Brazilian food products. Hence, the Brazilian legislation on food labels needs to change to improve the reliability of food labels and to help control the trans-fat intake of the population.
Identification of Fragile Microscopic Structures during Mineral Transformations in Wet Supercritical CO2
Authors: Arey Bruce W. , Kovarik Libor , Qafoku Odeta , Wang Zheming , Hess Nancy J. , Felmy Andrew R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis study examines the nature of highly fragile reaction products that form in low water content supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) using a combination of focus ion beam/scanning electron microscopy, confocal Raman spectroscopy, helium ion microscopy (HeIM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). HeIM images show these precipitates are fragile rosettes. Using the TEM revealed details on the interfacial structure between the newly formed surface precipitates and the underlying initial solid phases. Detailed microscopy analysis revealed that growth of the precipitates either followed a tip growth mechanism, with precipitates forming directly on the forsterite surface if the initial solid was nonporous (natural forsterite) or growth from the surface of the precipitates, where fluid was conducted through the porous (nanoforsterite) agglomerates to the growth center. Identification of the mechanism of formation of hydrated/hydroxylated magnesium carbonate compound phases is a key factor in unraveling the impact of water recycling on mineral reactivity in low water content scCO2 solutions, which has received a great deal of attention as a result of the potential for CO2 to act as an atmospheric greenhouse gas. Techniques used here to examine these fragile structures are also used to examine a wide range of fragile material surfaces.
FT-Raman Spectroscopy Study of Organic Matrix Degradation in Nanofilled Resin Composite
Authors: Soares Luís Eduardo Silva , Nahórny Sídnei , Martin Airton Abrahão 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThisin vitrostudy evaluated the effect of light curing unit (LCU) type, mouthwashes, and soft drink on chemical degradation of a nanofilled resin composite. Samples (80) were divided into eight groups: halogen LCU, HS—saliva (control); HPT—Pepsi Twist®; HLC—Listerine®; HCP—Colgate Plax®; LED LCU, LS—saliva (control); LPT—Pepsi Twist®; LLC—Listerine®; LCP—Colgate Plax®. The degree of conversion analysis and the measure of the peak area at 2,930 cm−1(organic matrix) of resin composite were done by Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy (baseline, after 7 and 14 days). The data were subjected to multifactor analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence followed by Tukey's HSD post-hoc test. The DC ranged from 58.0% (Halogen) to 59.3% (LED) without significance. Differences in the peak area between LCUs were found after 7 days of storage in S and PT. A marked increase in the peak intensity of HLC and LLC groups was found. The soft-start light-activation may influence the chemical degradation of organic matrix in resin composite. Ethanol contained in Listerine® Cool Mint mouthwash had the most significant degradation effect. Raman spectroscopy is shown to be a useful tool to investigate resin composite degradation.
Micro-PIXE and Micro-RBS Characterization of Micropores in Porous Silicon Prepared Using Microwave-Assisted Hydrofluoric Acid Etching
Authors: Ahmad Muthanna , Grime Geoffrey W. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPorous silicon (PS) has been prepared using a microwave-assisted hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching method from a silicon wafer pre-implanted with 5 MeV Cu ions. The use of microbeam proton-induced X-ray emission (micro-PIXE) and microbeam Rutherford backscattering techniques reveals for the first time the capability of these techniques for studying the formation of micropores. The porous structures observed from micro-PIXE imaging results are compared to scanning electron microscope images. It was observed that the implanted copper accumulates in the same location as the pores and that at high implanted dose the pores form large-scale patterns of lines and concentric circles. This is the first work demonstrating the use of microwave-assisted HF etching in the formation of PS.
Shift from widespread symbiont infection of host tissues to specific colonization of gills in juvenile deep-sea mussels
Authors: Wentrup Cecilia , Wendeberg Annelie , Huang Julie Y , Borowski Christian , Dubilier Nicole 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus harbors chemosynthetic bacteria in its gills that provide it with nutrition. Symbiont colonization is assumed to occur in early life stages by uptake from the environment, but little is known about this process. In this study, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization to examine symbiont distribution and the specificity of the infection process in juvenile B. azoricus and B. puteoserpentis (4–21 mm). In the smallest juveniles, we observed symbionts, but no other bacteria, in a wide range of epithelial tissues. This suggests that despite the widespread distribution of symbionts in many different juvenile organs, the infection process is highly specific and limited to the symbiotic bacteria. Juveniles⩾9 mm only had symbionts in their gills, indicating an ontogenetic shift in symbiont colonization from indiscriminate infection of almost all epithelia in early life stages to spatially restricted colonization of gills in later developmental stages.
Calcium receptors located in fibrotic septa: a new target to reduce portal pressure in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Sansoè Giovanni , Aragno Manuela , Mastrocola Raffaella , Paternostro Claudia , Parola Maurizio 
Published: February 2013

In rats with experimental liver cirrhosis, the kidney contains reduced amounts of membrane-bound CaRs (calcium-sensing receptors), and the specific stimulation of CaRs causes the generation of PGE2 (prostaglandin E2), renal vasodilation and increased natriuresis. CaR content and function in the liver of cirrhotic rats are unknown. To assess the activity of this Ca2+-dependent vasomotor system, we evaluated the effects of intravenous administration of PolyAg (poly-L-arginine), a selective CaR agonist, on hormonal status, portal haemodynamics, MAP (mean arterial pressure) in rats with liver cirrhosis induced by chronic CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) administration. Two groups of eight control rats received intravenously 1 ml of 5% (w/v) glucose solution alone or containing 0.5 mg of PolyAg; two groups of ten cirrhotic rats were administered vehicle or PolyAg. Compared with controls, at baseline cirrhotic rats showed higher portal pressure (P&lt;0.01), lower estimated functional liver plasma flow, measured as CICG (Indocyanine Green clearance) (P&lt;0.03) and reduced hepatic protein content of CaRs (P&lt;0.03), which were located mainly in sub-endothelial layers of portal venules and in myofibroblasts of fibrotic septa (immunohistochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence staining of liver sections). In cirrhotic animals, 0.5 mg of PolyAg decreased portal pressure (P&lt;0.01) and increased CICG (P&lt;0.05), without effects on arterial pressure and hormonal status. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that in experimental cirrhosis agonists of liver CaRs elicit beneficial portal hypotensive effects by reducing intrahepatic resistance to portal flow. Moreover, these drugs are devoid of effects on systemic haemodynamics.
SuperIDR: A Tool for Fish Identification and Information Retrieval
Authors: Murthy Uma , Fox Edward A , Chen Yinlin , Hallerman Eric M , Orth Donald J , S Torres Ricardo , Li Lin Tzy , Kozievitch Nádia P , Andrade Felipe SP , Falcao Tiago RC , Ramos Evandro 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Students, fisheries professionals, and the general public may value computer-facilitated assistance for fish identification and access to ecological and life history information. We developed SuperIDR, a software package supporting such applications, by utilizing the search and data retrieval capabilities of digital libraries, as well as key features of tablet PCs. We demonstrated SuperIDR utilizing a database with information on 207 freshwater fishes of Virginia. A user may annotate fish images and identify fishes by using a dichotomous key; searching for key words, similar images, subimages, or annotations on images; or combinations of these approaches. Students using the software demonstrated enhanced ability to correctly identify specimens. Their comments led to improvements, including the addition of new features. The PC-based system for identifying freshwater fishes of Virginia may be downloaded and modified. SuperIDR is a prototype for PC-based species identification applications—the system architecture and the open-source software that we developed are applicable to other fish faunas and to a broader range of species identification tasks.
RESUMEN
estudiantes, profesionales de las pesquerías y público en general pudieran valorar la asistencia computarizada que facilite la identificación de peces y acceso a información sobre su ecología e historia de vida. Se desarrolla SuperIDR, un paquete computacional que contiene tales aplicaciones, basado en la búsqueda y capacidades de recuperación de datos de las bibliotecas digitales, así como también una plataforma para tabletas digitales. Se demuestra que SuperIDR utiliza una base de datos con información de 207 peces de agua dulce de Virginia. El usuario puede ingresar imágenes de peces e identificarlos mediante una clave dicotómica; además el programa busca palabras clave, imágenes similares, sub-imágenes o anotaciones hechas sobre las imágenes; así como también combinaciones entre estos enfoques. Los estudiantes que utilizan el paquete demostraron aumentar su habilidad para identificar correctamente los especímenes. Sus comentarios permitieron hacer mejorías, que incluyen la adición de nuevas características. El sistema computarizado para la identificación de peces de agua dulce presentes en Virginia puede obtenerse en línea y modificarse. SuperIDR es un prototipo basado en computadoras personales para aplicaciones de identificación de especies—la arquitectura y programas abiertos que se desarrollaron, son aplicables a otras faunas de peces y a un rango más amplio de tareas de identificación de especies.
Fast thermodynamically constrained flux variability analysis
Authors: Müller Arne C. , Bockmayr Alexander 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Flux variability analysis (FVA) is an important tool to further analyse the results obtained by flux balance analysis (FBA) on genome-scale metabolic networks. For many constraint-based models, FVA identifies unboundedness of the optimal flux space. This reveals that optimal flux solutions with net flux through internal biochemical loops are feasible, which violates the second law of thermodynamics. Such unbounded fluxes may be eliminated by extending FVA with thermodynamic constraints.
Results: We present a new algorithm for efficient flux variability (and flux balance) analysis with thermodynamic constraints, suitable for analysing genome-scale metabolic networks. We first show that FBA with thermodynamic constraints is NP-hard. Then we derive a theoretical tractability result, which can be applied to metabolic networks in practice. We use this result to develop a new constraint programming algorithm Fast-tFVA for fast FVA with thermodynamic constraints (tFVA). Computational comparisons with previous methods demonstrate the efficiency of the new method. For tFVA, a speed-up of factor 30–300 is achieved. In an analysis of genome-scale metabolic networks in the BioModels database, we found that in 485 of 716 networks, additional irreversible or fixed reactions could be detected.
Availability and implementation: Fast-tFVA is written in C++ and published under GPL. It uses the open source software SCIP and libSBML. There also exists a Matlab interface for easy integration into Matlab. Fast-tFVA is available from page.mi.fu-berlin.de/arnem/fast-tfva.html.
Contact: arne.mueller@fu-berlin.de; Alexander.Bockmayr@fu-berlin.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.