bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a patient satisfaction questionnaire for outpatients attending health centres in North Indian cities
Authors: Goel Sonu , Sharma Deepak , Singh Amarjeet 
Published: October 2013

Objectives With the mandate of the Indian Government to improve health services for the population, improving patients’ satisfaction with outpatient department (OPD) services is vital. Many scales developed in Western societies to assess patient satisfaction may not be appropriate to the Indian health care system. The aim of this study was to develop and conduct initial psychometric testing of a satisfaction questionnaire for patients attending OPDs in North India. Methods The North India Outpatient Department Satisfaction Scale (NIOPDSS) was initially constructed based on a Delphi consensus among experts. After pretesting on a small number of patients, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 942 outpatients in Chandigarh, North India. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire in terms of content validity, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validity, and reliability were assessed. Results Eighty items were generated from the Delphi exercise. After assessing the content validity, data quality and construct validity of the questionnaire, a final instrument with 17 items representing six dimensions of patient satisfaction was developed. The internal consistency ranged from 0.72 to 0.93 and intra-class correlation coefficient ranged from 0.52 to 0.80. Conclusion NIOPDSS appears to be a reliable and valid measure of patient satisfaction for patients attending OPDs in North India. Further research should be carried out with different outpatient populations to assess the wider performance of the questionnaire.
Elbow Injuries in Youth Baseball Players Without Prior Elbow Pain
Authors: Matsuura Tetsuya , Suzue Naoto , Kashiwaguchi Shinji , Arisawa Kokichi , Yasui Natsuo 
Published: October 2013

Background: Many risk factors for throwing injuries have been proposed. However, little is known about the risk factors for elbow injuries, particularly on physeal injuries in youth baseball players without prior elbow pain. Purpose: To investigate the risk factors for elbow injuries with a focus on physeal injuries that could predispose youth baseball players without elbow pain to elbow injuries. Study Design: A prospective epidemiology study. Methods: In 2006, 449 players without prior elbow pain were observed prospectively for 1 season to study injury incidence in relation to specific risk factors. The average age was 10.1 years (range, 7-11 years). One year later, all players were examined by administering a questionnaire, physical examination, and radiographic examination. Data for the groups with and without elbow pain were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: Among the 449 participants, 30.5% reported episodes of elbow pain during the season. Of the players who reported elbow pain, 72.3% presented abnormal findings on physical examination, and of those players, 81.4% had radiographic abnormalities. Multivariate analysis showed that the age of 12 years (at 1-year examination), pitcher and catcher positions, and playing more than 100 games per year were risk factors for elbow pain. Conclusion: It is expected that 30% of youth baseball players have elbow pain each year, and nearly 60% of players with elbow pain exhibit radiographic abnormalities. The age of 12 years, pitcher and catcher positions, and playing more than 100 games per year are risk factors for elbow pain.
Leukemia cell–targeted STAT3 silencing and TLR9 triggering generate systemic antitumor immunity
Authors: Hossain Dewan Md Sakib , Dos Santos Cedric , Zhang Qifang , Kozlowska Anna , Liu Hongjun , Gao Chan , Moreira Dayson , Swiderski Piotr , Jozwiak Agnieszka , Kline Justin , Forman Stephen , Bhatia Ravi , Kuo Ya-Huei , Kortylewski Marcin 
Published: October 2013

Key Points
Blocking STAT3 in acute myeloid leukemia cells stimulates their TLR9-induced immunogenicity and antigen-specific activation of CD8+ T cells. Systemic delivery of CpG-Stat3 siRNA generates potent adaptive immune responses eradicating disseminated acute myeloid leukemia in vivo.
Giant mesenteric hemangioma of cavernous and venous mixed type: a rare case report
Authors: Yang Guang-Zhi , Li Jing , Jin Hua 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
Although vascular tumours are one of the most common soft tissue neoplasms, those occurring in the gastrointestinal system are rare and cases involving mesentery are even further rare. Herein, we reported a rare case of giant hemangioma in mesentery of the small bowel.

Case presentation
A 5-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency room with abdominal pain and vomit for two days. Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed a giant solid-cystic abdominal mass, preferring diagnosis of teratoma. A large neoplasm in the mesentery of the small bowel was found in the surgical exploration, which was then resected with the partial bowel. A brown honeycomb mass in size 16 cm×8 cm×5 cm was observed to adhere to the small bowel, and diagnosed as hemangioma of cavernous and venous mixed type in final pathology.

Conclusion
The mesenteric hemangioma is extremely rare and the variable imaging tests are non-specific, thus the diagnosis is rarely made before surgery and usually established by histopathological investigation after surgery. So the mesenteric hemangioma is supposed to be differentiated in abdominal mass, either in adults or children. Complete surgical resection is the optimal treatment.
Strategies for the multiplex mapping of genes to traits
Authors: Garst Andrew , Lynch Michael , Evans Ron , Gill Ryan T 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Rewiring and optimization of metabolic networks to enable the production of commercially valuable chemicals is a central goal of metabolic engineering. This prospect is challenged by the complexity of metabolic networks, lack of complete knowledge of gene function(s), and the vast combinatorial genotype space that is available for exploration and optimization. Various approaches have thus been developed to aid in the efficient identification of genes that contribute to a variety of different phenotypes, allowing more rapid design and engineering of traits desired for industrial applications. This review will highlight recent technologies that have enhanced capabilities to map genotype-phenotype relationships on a genome wide scale and emphasize how such approaches enable more efficient design and engineering of complex phenotypes.
A country bug in the city: urban infestation by the Chagas disease vector Triatoma infestans in Arequipa, Peru
Authors: Delgado Stephen , Ernst Kacey C , Pumahuanca María Luz Hancco , Yool Stephen R , Comrie Andrew C , Sterling Charles R , Gilman Robert H , Náquira César , Levy Michael Z ,   the Chagas Disease Working Group in Arequipa, Peru
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
Interruption of vector-borne transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi remains an unrealized objective in many Latin American countries. The task of vector control is complicated by the emergence of vector insects in urban areas.

Methods
Utilizing data from a large-scale vector control program in Arequipa, Peru, we explored the spatial patterns of infestation by Triatoma infestans in an urban and peri-urban landscape. Multilevel logistic regression was utilized to assess the associations between household infestation and household- and locality-level socio-environmental measures.

Results
Of 37,229 households inspected for infestation, 6,982 (18.8%; 95% CI: 18.4 – 19.2%) were infested by T. infestans. Eighty clusters of infestation were identified, ranging in area from 0.1 to 68.7 hectares and containing as few as one and as many as 1,139 infested households. Spatial dependence between infested households was significant at distances up to 2,000 meters. Household T. infestans infestation was associated with household- and locality-level factors, including housing density, elevation, land surface temperature, and locality type.

Conclusions
High levels of T. infestans infestation, characterized by spatial heterogeneity, were found across extensive urban and peri-urban areas prior to vector control. Several environmental and social factors, which may directly or indirectly influence the biology and behavior of T. infestans, were associated with infestation. Spatial clustering of infestation in the urban context may both challenge and inform surveillance and control of vector reemergence after insecticide intervention.
Prostaglandin F2α FP receptor antagonist improves outcomes after experimental traumatic brain injury
Authors: Glushakov Alexander V , Robbins Sean W , Bracy Connor L , Narumiya Shuh , Doré Sylvain 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
Injuries to the brain promote upregulation of prostaglandins, notably the proinflammatory PGF2α, and overactivation of their cognate G-protein-coupled FP receptor, which could exacerbate neuronal damage. Our study is focused on investigation of the FP receptor as a target for novel neuroprotective drugs in a preclinical animal traumatic brain injury (TBI) model.

Methods
Accordingly, the effects of acute intraperitoneal post-treatment with selective FP antagonist AL-8810 were studied in wildtype (WT) and FP receptor knockout (FP-/-) mice after controlled cortical impact (CCI). Neurological impairments were evaluated using neurological deficit scores (NDS) and the grip strength test. Cortical lesions and overall brain pathology were assessed using immunohistochemistry.

Results
Morphological analyses of cerebral vasculature and anastomoses revealed no differences between WT and FP-/- mice. CCI produced cortical lesions characterized by cavitation, neuronal loss, and hematoma with a volume of 20.0 ± 1.0 mm3 and significant hippocampal swelling (146.5 ± 7.4% of contralateral) compared with sham (P < 0.05). Post-treatment with AL-8810 (1 to 10 mg/kg) had no significant effect on cortical lesions, which suggests the irreversible effect of primary CCI injury, but significantly reduced hippocampal swelling to a size not significantly different from the sham group. Post-treatment with AL-8810 at a dose of 10 mg/kg significantly improved NDS at 24 and 48 hours after CCI (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). In the AL-8810 group, CCI-induced decrease in grip strength was three-fold (2.93 ± 1.71) less and significantly different than in the saline-treated group. The FP-/- mice had significantly less hippocampal swelling, but not NDS, compared with WT mice. In addition, immunohistochemistry showed that pharmacologic blockade and genetic deletion of FP receptor led to attenuation of CCI-induced gliosis and microglial activation in selected brain regions.

Conclusion
This study provides, for the first time, demonstration of the unique role of the FP receptor as a potential target for disease-modifying CNS drugs for treatment of acute traumatic injury.
Endophytic fungi from the Amazonian plant Paullinia cupana and from Olea europaea isolated using cassava as an alternative starch media source
Authors: Sia Eliandra de Freitas , Marcon Joelma , Luvizotto Danice Mazzer , Quecine Maria Carolina , Tsui Sarina , Pereira José Odair , Pizzirani-Kleiner Aline Aparecida , Azevedo João Lúcio 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Endophytic fungi live inside plants, apparently do not cause any harm to their hosts and may play important roles in defense and growth promotion. Fungal growth is a routine practice at microbiological laboratories, and the Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) is the most frequently used medium because it is a rich source of starch. However, the production of potatoes in some regions of the world can be costly. Aiming the development of a new medium source to tropical countries, in the present study, we used leaves from the guarana (a tropical plant from the Amazon region) and the olive (which grows in subtropical and temperate regions) to isolate endophytic fungi using PDA and Manihot Dextrose Agar (MDA). Cassava (Manihot esculenta) was evaluated as a substitute starch source. For guarana, the endophytic incidence (EI) was 90% and 98% on PDA and MDA media, respectively, and 65% and 70% for olive, respectively. The fungal isolates were sequenced using the ITS- rDNA region. The fungal identification demonstrated that the isolates varied according to the host plant and media source. In the guarana plant, 13 fungal genera were found using MDA and six were found using PDA. In the olive plant, six genera were obtained using PDA and 4 were obtained using MDA. The multivariate analysis results demonstrated the highest fungal diversity from guarana when using MDA medium. Interestingly, some genera were isolated from one specific host or in one specific media, suggesting the importance of these two factors in fungal isolation specificity. Thus, this study indicated that cassava is a feasible starch source that could serve as a potential alternative medium to potato medium.
Effects of Estrogen on Bone mRNA Levels of Sclerostin and Other Genes Relevant to Bone Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Fujita Koji , Roforth Matthew M. , Demaray Susan , McGregor Ulrike , Kirmani Salman , McCready Louise K. , Peterson James M. , Drake Matthew T. , Monroe David G. , Khosla Sundeep 
Published: October 2013

Context:
Studies in postmenopausal women have shown that estrogen reduces circulating sclerostin levels, but effects of estrogen on skeletal sclerostin mRNA levels are unknown.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of short-term estrogen treatment on bone mRNA levels of sclerostin and other genes relevant to bone metabolism.

Design, Setting, and Patients:
Needle bone biopsies were obtained from 20 postmenopausal women treated with transdermal estrogen for 3 weeks and 20 untreated controls. Quantitative PCR analyses were used to examine the expression of sclerostin and other genes related to bone metabolism, including 71 additional genes linked to bone density/fracture from genome-wide association studies.

Results:
Estrogen treatment was associated with lower bone sclerostin mRNA levels (by 48%, P &lt; .05) and with lower (by 54%, P &lt; .01) mRNA levels of the sclerostin-related protein, sclerostin domain-containing protein 1 (SOSTDC1), which is also a Wnt/bone morphogenetic protein inhibitor. Consistent with studies in mice showing that ovariectomy increased nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, we found that estrogen treatment was associated with a significant reduction in inflammatory genes as a group (P = .028), with bone mRNA levels of NFKB2 and RELB (both encoding proteins in the NF-κB transcription factor complex) being significantly reduced individual genes. Eight of the 71 genome-wide association study-related genes examined were modulated by estrogen (P &lt; .05, false discovery rate &lt; 0.10).

Conclusion:
In humans, estrogen-induced decreases in two key inhibitors of Wnt/bone morphogenetic protein signaling, sclerostin and SOSTDC1, along with reductions in NF-κB signaling, may be responsible for at least part of the protective effects of estrogen on bone.
A mechanistic‐based framework to understand how dissolved organic carbon is processed in a large fluvial lake
Authors: Massicotte Philippe , Frenette Jean‐Jacques 
Published: October 2013

Lay AbstractDissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a fundamental component of the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in aquatic ecosystems and is the main carbon source supporting bacterial production. The efficiency at which heterotrophic (nonphotosynthetic) bacteria convert this substrate into biomass depends mainly on the quality of DOC in the water column. DOC is constantly processed through various physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms that operate simultaneously and alter its quality. It is paramount to understand how these different processes interact to drive the fate of DOC in aquatic ecosystems. Based on field data collected in a large fluvial lake, we developed and validated a mechanistic model that provides a framework to understand the relative contribution of the main processes involved in both labile (DOCL) and semilabile (DOCSL) DOC pool kinetics. The model revealed that during the downstream flow, each category of DOC pool was processed differently by bacteria: DOCL was preferentially used for biomass production, whereas DOCSL completed bacterial carbon demand. Our results also suggest that a decrease in DOCL abundance will further determine the intake of DOCSL.
The hills are alive with … My Songs, My Dreams? The Sound of Music in Germany and Austria
Authors: Jubin Olaf 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Robert Wise’s 1965 screen version of Rodgers and Hammerstein’s The Sound of Music was one of the biggest blockbusters in Hollywood history: in the United States alone it had box-office takings of $1.16 billion (adjusted for inflation). It was a smash hit and became an important pop-cultural reference point in countless other countries around the world. But, to the utter surprise and dismay of film distributor 20th Century Fox, The Sound of Music failed to win over audiences in the very territory in which the story was set. In fact, the ‘Best Picture’ Oscar winner of 1965 was such a flop in Germany and Austria as My Songs, My Dreams (English translation of the German title) that it did not even recoup its dubbing costs. To this day, the film remains virtually unknown in either country. This article investigates several potential reasons why the film never ‘clicked’ with Germans and Austrians, such as the popularity of two earlier German films about the Trapp family singers, the 1956 movie Die Trapp-Familie and its 1958 sequel Die Trapp-Familie in Amerika. It also considers the US film’s portrayal of fascism and its inauthentic depiction of Austria and Austrian culture. Other factors that might have been crucial in the reception of My Songs, My Dreams include local reviews, the advertising for the film, the German dubbing and the general disinterest of Austrian and German audiences in Hollywood musicals.
Operetta beyond borders: The different versions of Die Csárdásfürstin in Europe and the United States (1915–1921)
Authors: Imre Zoltán 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Imre Kálmán’s operetta Die Csárdásfürstin premiered in Vienna in 1915 and was soon an international success. It appeared in Budapest as Csárdáskirályné (1916), in Moscow as u (1917), in New York as The Riviera Girl (1917) and in London as The Gipsy Princess (1921). By considering its different stagings, this article focuses on the reciprocal ways whereby Western and Eastern Europeans interact, influence, react and respond to each other. Thus the aim of the article is to bring together the different formulations of European and international theatre to show the various networks, connections and relations among the different theatre traditions both within and outside Europe; and to set up a methodology of theatre historiography which goes beyond European orientation, the East/West divide and the image of the ‘West’ as a single and unified entity.
The sound of Broadway’s mean streets: Setting New York City’s ‘edge’ in show songs
Authors: Knapp Raymond 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Broadway has historically played directly to its home crowd of New Yorkers and suburbanites, providing musical stylizations that would gratify or (sometimes) challenge that audience. Thus, even for its more remote or exotic settings, Broadway has honoured audience expectations more than historical or ethnographic accuracy. But Broadway has also provided local audiences with a different kind of mirror, reflecting their native city more directly and often aiming more to disquiet than to gratify. This study considers some of these more troubling musical cityscapes across the end of the ‘golden age’ and beyond, including the comic underworld of Guys and Dolls (1950), the upbeat cynicism of Wonderful Town (1953), the playful angst of Saturday Night (1954), the incipient violence of West Side Story (1957), the sleazy underside of Gypsy (1959), the street-savvy innocence of Sweet Charity (1965), and the alienated sophistications of Company (1970) and Follies (1971). After sketching the trajectory of these diverse representations, involving five composers and an array of perspectives and moods, I focus particularly on the scores of West Side Story and Company to show how their edgy critiques inspired their composers, Leonard Bernstein and Stephen Sondheim, to explore similarly edgy musical idioms that blend familiar Broadway musical practices with an assortment of musical modernisms.
Making Broadway Musicals: An interview with Lisa Lambert
Authors: Das Joanna Dee 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Lisa Lambert is an award-winning actress, comedy writer, composer and lyricist. She won a Tony Award for Best Original Score and two Drama Desk awards for Outstanding Music and Outstanding Lyrics in 2006 for her work on The Drowsy Chaperone, an original Broadway musical. Below are excerpts from a conversation among Princeton University undergraduate students, Sandy Fong (SF), Caitlin Lansing (CL) and Carly Robbins (CR), Lisa Lambert (LL), and members of a general public audience about the genesis of The Drowsy Chaperone and Lambert’s creative process. This conversation took place as part of the ‘Making Broadway Musicals: Artists and Scholars in Conversation’ symposium at Princeton University on 21 April 2012.
Reviews
Authors: Lockitt Matthew , Stith Nathan , Bonenfant Yvon 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Musical Theatre, Realism And Entertainment, Millie Taylor (2012) Surrey, UK: Ashgate Publishing Limited, viii+194 pp., ISBN: 978-0-7546-6670-7, h/bk, £55.00
Loverly: The Life and Times of My Fair Lady, Dominic McHugh (2012) [Broadway Legacy Series] New York: Oxford University Press, 265 pp., ISBN: 978-0-19-982730-5, hb/k, $25.91 (US)
The Björling Sound: A Recorded Legacy, Stephen Hastings (2012) Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 406 pp., ISBN: 978-1-58046-406-2, h/bk, £22.80
Influence of Periodontitis in the Development of Nosocomial Pneumonia: A Case Control Study
Authors: Gomes‐Filho Isaac Suzart , Leitão de Oliveira Thais Feitosa , Seixas da Cruz Simone , de Santana Passos‐Soares Johelle , Trindade Soraya Castro , Oliveira Michelle Teixeira , Souza‐Machado Adelmir , Cruz Álvaro Augusto , Barreto Maurício Lima , Seymour Gregory John 
Published: October 2013

Background: Although a number of studies on the role of periodontitis in the development of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) have been published, the debate surrounding the existence and nature of this association continues. The present study investigates the influence of periodontitis in NP.Methods: This case‐control study involved 315 individuals: 85 cases (with NP) and 230 controls (without NP), at a general hospital in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. Sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and lifestyle habits were recorded. A full‐mouth periodontal examination was performed and periodontal condition assessed. The diagnosis of NP was made in accordance with established medical criteria, after physical, microbiologic, and/or radiographic examination. Logistic regression was used to calculate the strength of the association between periodontitis and NP.Results: Individuals with periodontitis were three times as likely to present with NP (unadjusted odds ratio [ORunadjusted] = 3.06, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.82 to 5.15) as those without periodontal disease. After adjusting for age, time between hospitalization and data collection, last visit to dentist, smoking habit, and present occupation, the association measurement had a slight decrease (ORadjusted = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.59 to 5.19), but the results continued to be statistically significant.Conclusion: These findings suggest that periodontal infection may influence the development of NP, highlighting that periodontitis is a factor positively associated with this respiratory tract infection.