bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practice of key essential nutrition action messages and associated factors among mothers of children aged six months to two years old in Karat town, Konso zone, South Ethiopia, 2024: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kasse Tsehaynew , Aschalew Zeleke , Desalegn Nathan , Jebero Zenebe , Moga Fikre , Haile Addisalem 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundKey essential nutrition actions (ENA) messages are a comprehensive and evidence-based nutritional package designed to improve the nutritional status during the critical first 1,000 days of life. The poor practice of ENA contributes significantly to mortality and morbidity related to malnutrition in young children. However, there is a dearth of studies focusing on the practice of key ENA messages among mothers and the factors associated with their practice. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the practice of key ENA messages among mothers of children aged 6 months to 2 years in Karat town, Konso zone, South Ethiopia in 2024.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study involving 421 mothers of children aged 6 months to 2 years was conducted in Karat town, Konso zone, South Ethiopia from January 15 to February 29, 2024. Respondents were chosen using computer-generated random numbers. A structured, pretested, and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Following coding and entry into EpiData 3.1, the data were exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression (bivariate and multivariable) was employed to identify factors influencing mothers’ practice of key ENA messages, and statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe study found that 47.6% (95% CI: 42.8, 52.42%) of mothers demonstrated good practices. Having secondary education or higher, institutional delivery, receiving nutritional counseling during antenatal care (ANC), receipt of postnatal care (PNC) services, having good knowledge, and having a good attitude towards ENA all increase the likelihood of good practice.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the need for multifaceted interventions to improve ENA practice among mothers residing in Karat town. To effectively address this issue, it is crucial to implement targeted education programs, strengthen postnatal care services, and nutritional counseling into routine antenatal care, promote institutional deliveries, and enhance awareness.
Comprehensive evaluation of global health cities development levels
Authors: Wen Yu , Li Yulan , Zhang Yan , Liu Bingbing 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionHow to scientifically assess the health status of cities and effectively assist in formulating policies and planning for health city development remains a profound challenge in building a global “health community.”MethodsThis study employs the Building Research Establishment’s International Healthy Cities Index (BRE HCI), encompassing ten environmental categories and fifty-eight indicators, to guide and support the scientific development of healthy cities. The entropy weight-TOPSIS method and the rank sum ratio (RSR) method were applied to comprehensively rank and categorize the health development levels of fifteen global cities. Furthermore, through cluster analysis, this research identifies universal and unique indicators that influence the development of healthy cities.ResultsThe results indicate that: (1) Within the scope of 58 evaluation indicators, the precedence in weight allocation is accorded to the kilometres of bicycle paths and lanes per 100,000 population (0.068), succeeded by m2 of public indoor recreation space per capita (0.047), and kilometres of bicycle paths and lanes per 100,000 population (0.042). (2) Among the ten environmental categories, the top three in terms of weight ranking are transport (0.239), leisure and recreation (0.172), and resilience (0.125). Significant disparities exist between different cities and environmental categories, with the issue of uneven health development within cities being particularly prominent. (3) The study categorizes the development levels of healthy cities into three tiers based on composite scores: it classifies Singapore, Shanghai, and Amsterdam at an excellent level; places Dubai and Johannesburg at a comparatively poor level; and situates the remaining ten cities at a moderate level. (4) The analysis identifies 53 international common indicators and 5 characteristic indicators from the 58 indicators based on the significance of the clustering analysis (p &lt; 0.05).DiscussionThe study proposes four strategic recommendations based on these findings: establishing a comprehensive policy assurance system, refining urban spatial planning, expanding avenues for multi-party participation, and augmenting distinctive health indicators. These measures aim to narrow the developmental disparities between cities and contribute to healthy global cities’ balanced and sustainable growth. However, due to existing limitations in sample selection, research methodology application, and the control of potential confounding variables, further in-depth studies are required in the future.
Cost-effectiveness analysis design for interventions to prevent children's oral disease
Authors: Spetz Joanne , Rose Johnie , Kahn James G. , Lin Tracy , Levy Douglas , Pugach Oksana , Hyde Susan , Borrelli Belinda , Henshaw Michelle , Martin Molly , Nelson Suchitra , Ramos-Gomez Francisco , Gansky Stuart A. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIn 2015, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) launched the Multidisciplinary Collaborative Research Consortium to Reduce Oral Health Disparities in Children, supporting four randomized trials testing strategies to improve preventive care. A Coordinating Center provides scientific expertise, data acquisition and quality assurance services, safety monitoring, and final analysis-ready datasets. This paper describes the trials' economic analysis strategies, placing these strategies within the broader context of contemporary economic analysis methods.MethodsThe Coordinating Center established a Cost Collaborative Working Group to share information from the four trials about the components of their economic analyses. Study teams indicated data sources for their economic analysis using a set of structured tables. The Group meets regularly to share progress, discuss challenges, and coordinate analytic approaches.ResultsAll four trials will calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios; two will also conduct cost-utility analyses using proxy diseases to estimate health state utilities. Each trial will consider at least two perspectives. Key process measures include dental services provided to child participants. The non-preference-weighted Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) will measure oral health-related quality of life. All trials are measuring training, implementation, personnel and supervision, service, supplies, and equipment costs.ConclusionsConsistent with best practices, all four trials have integrated economic analysis during their planning stages. This effort is critical since poor quality or absence of essential data can limit retrospective analysis. Integrating economic analysis into oral health preventive intervention research can provide guidance to clinicians and practices, payers, and policymakers.
Assessment of advanced neural networks for the dual estimation of water quality indicators and their uncertainties
Authors: Saranathan Arun M. , Werther Mortimer , Balasubramanian Sundarabalan V. , Odermatt Daniel , Pahlevan Nima 
Published: July 2024

Given the use of machine learning-based tools for monitoring the Water Quality Indicators (WQIs) over lakes and coastal waters, understanding the properties of such models, including the uncertainties inherent in their predictions is essential. This has led to the development of two probabilistic NN-algorithms: Mixture Density Network (MDN) and Bayesian Neural Network via Monte Carlo Dropout (BNN-MCD). These NNs are complex, featuring thousands of trainable parameters and modifiable hyper-parameters, and have been independently trained and tested. The model uncertainty metric captures the uncertainty present in each prediction based on the properties of the model—namely, the model architecture and the training data distribution. We conduct an analysis of MDN and BNN-MCD under near-identical conditions of model architecture, training, and test sets, etc., to retrieve the concentration of chlorophyll-a pigments (Chl a), total suspended solids (TSS), and the absorption by colored dissolved organic matter at 440 nm (acdom (440)). The spectral resolutions considered correspond to the Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO), PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA), Ocean Colour and Land Imager (OLCI), and MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI). The model performances are tested in terms of both predictive residuals and predictive uncertainty metric quality. We also compared the simultaneous WQI retrievals against a single-parameter retrieval framework (for Chla). Ultimately, the models’ real-world applicability was investigated using a MSI satellite-matchup dataset N=3,053) of Chla and TSS. Experiments show that both models exhibit comparable estimation performance. Specifically, the median symmetric accuracy (MdSA) on the test set for the different parameters in both algorithms range from 30% to 60%. The uncertainty estimates, on the other hand, differ strongly. MDN’s uncertainty estimate is ∼50%, encompassing estimation residuals for 75% of test samples, whereas BNN-MCD’s average uncertainty estimate is ∼25%, encompassing the residuals for 50% of samples. Our analysis also revealed that simultaneous estimation results in improvements in both predictive performance and uncertainty metric quality. Interestingly, the trends mentioned above hold across different sensor resolutions, as well as experimental regimes. This disparity calls for additional research to determine whether such trends in model uncertainty are inherent to specific models or can be more broadly generalized across different algorithms and sensor setups.
Advancements in facial implantology: a review of hydroxyapatite applications and outcomes
Authors: Kauke-Navarro Martin , Knoedler Leonard , Knoedler Samuel , Safi Ali Farid 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe search for an ideal bone substitute in reconstructive surgery has led to the exploration of various materials, with hydroxyapatite (HaP) emerging as a promising candidate due to its biocompatibility, osteoconductive properties, and structural similarity to human bone. Despite its potential, there is a paucity of data on the long-term safety and efficacy of HaP in facial skeletal reconstruction and augmentation.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, searching PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases for studies on hydroxyapatite facial implants in reconstruction and augmentation.ResultsOur search yielded 12 studies that met our inclusion criteria, encompassing 74 patients treated with HaP implants for various indications including facial fractures/defects, aesthetic facial balancing, and after tumor resection. The studies reported on outcomes such as implant integration, complications, aesthetic results, and patient satisfaction, with a general trend indicating positive outcomes for the use of HaP in facial reconstruction.ConclusionHydroxyapatite appears to be a viable and effective material for facial skeletal reconstruction and augmentation, offering benefits in terms of biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and patient outcomes. However, limitations such as low mechanical strength and the need for further research on long-term safety and efficacy were identified. This review underscores the potential of HaP in craniofacial surgery while highlighting areas for future investigation.
Hanseníase na atenção básica: saberes e práticas dos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Grangeiro Sylvania Gomes de Oliveira , Gomes Kilma Wanderley Lopes , Duarte Viviane de Amorim , Silva Maria Rocineide Ferreira da , Pereira Thayza Miranda , Cavalcante Ana Suelen Pedroza 
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é descrever a capacitação de profissionais de saúde na avaliação dermatoneurológica e do grau de incapacidade física em hanseníase, realizada em um posto de Saúde. Trata-se de uma Pesquisa-ação desenvolvida de maio a agosto de 2019 com médicos, enfermeiros e fisioterapeuta da atenção básica. Foi utilizado para coleta de dados questionário autoaplicado, através da plataforma Google Forms, gravação audiovisual e registro em diário de campo durante as oficinas teóricas e práticas. O processo interpretativo deu-se através da análise de conteúdo. Inicialmente, foi realizado o diagnóstico situacional, no qual os profissionais relataram insegurança e deficiência tanto no conhecimento como na habilidade para o atendimento ao paciente com hanseníase. Além disso, não participaram de capacitações acerca do tema. Foram realizadas oficinas para desenvolver competências necessárias. A avaliação das oficinas mostrou uma melhoria do conhecimento e das práticas de cuidado aos usuários durante o estudo. É importante o incentivo às capacitações periódicas dos profissionais de saúde da atenção básica. Além disso, incluir na prática o monitoramento sistemático dos casos novos, busca ativa de casos suspeitos e dos contatos da pessoa com hanseníase. Para que se interrompa a cadeia de transmissão, faz-se necessária a adoção dessas práticas a fim de controlar os casos de hanseníase.
3D Printing of Naturally Derived Adhesive Hemostatic Sponge
Authors: Zhou Minyu , Yuan Tao , Shang Luoran 
Published: July 2024

Hydrogel hemostatic sponges have been recognized for its effectiveness in wound treatment due to its excellent biocompatibility, degradability, as well as multi-facet functionalities. Current research focuses on optimizing the composition and structure of the sponge to enhance its therapeutic effectiveness. Here, we propose an adhesive hydrogel made from purely natural substances extracted from okra and Panax notoginseng. We utilize 3-dimensional (3D) printing technology to fabricate the hemostatic hydrogel scaffold, incorporating gelatin into the hydrogel and refining the mixing ratio. The interaction between gelatin and okra polyphenols contributes to successful injectability as well as stability of the printed scaffold. The okra in the scaffold exhibits favorable adhesion and hemostatic effects, and the total saponins of Panax notoginseng facilitate angiogenesis. Through in vitro experiments, we have substantiated the scaffold's excellent stability, adhesion, biocompatibility, and angiogenesis-promoting ability. Furthermore, in vivo experiments have demonstrated its dual functionality in rapid hemostasis and wound repair. These features suggest that the 3D-printed, natural substance-derived hydrogel scaffolds have valuable potential in wound healing and related applications.
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in Children: A Literature Review
Authors: Аксёнова А.С. , Ахметнабиев Р.Р. , Шатохина О.В. , Морозов С.Л. , Саркисян Е.А. , Шумилов П.В. 
Published: July 2024

Аутосомно-доминантная поликистозная болезнь почек – это генетическое мультисистемное кистозное прогрессирующее заболевание, характеризующееся формированием и ростом в обеих почках жидкость-содержащих полостей и развитием хронической болезни почек. Частота встречаемости по миру составляет 1:400–1:2500 человек. Причиной развития аутосомно-доминантной поликистозной болезни почек является мутация в генах PKD1 и PKD2, кодирующих полицистин-1 и полицистин-2 соответственно. Нарушение экспрессии этих белков обуславливает повышенную секрецию жидкости клетками эпителия почечных канальцев, их избыточную пролиферацию и дедифференцировку, приводя к образованию кистозных образований и их росту впоследствии. Клиника заболевания разнообразна и имеет почечные и внепочечные симптомы, однако у детей может протекать бессимптомно или проявляться артериальной гипертензией и болями почечного генеза. Диагностика основана на выявлении кист методом УЗИ и определении мутации генов. Лечение носит комплексный характер и ограничивается в педиатрической практике применением ингибиторов АПФ, модификацией образа жизни и контролем уровня артериального давления.
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a genetic multisystem progressive cystic condition characterized by formation and growth of fluid-containing cavities in both kidneys and the development of chronic kidney disease. The worldwide frequency of occurrence is 1:400–1:2500 people. The cause of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a mutation in PKD1 and PKD2 genes encoding polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, respectively. Violation of these proteins expression causes increased secretion of fluid by epithelial cells of the renal tubules, their excessive proliferation and dedifferentiation, leading to fluid-containing cysts formation and their subsequent growth. The clinic of the disease is diversified and has both renal and extrarenal symptoms; however, in children it may be asymptomatic or manifested by arterial hypertension and pain of renal origin. The treatment is comprehensive and is limited in pediatric practice by the use of ACE inhibitors, lifestyle correction and blood pressure monitoring.
HIGHLY RELIABLE "ETERNAL" STORAGE OF INFORMATION: CONCEPT AND PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATIONS
Authors: СТРОЕВ С.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируется актуальная проблема высоконадёжного долговременного сохранения информации как в аналоговом, так и в цифровом виде. Отмечается, что на сегодня в мире сложилась крайне угрожающая ситуация, при которой колоссальные и непрерывно возрастающие объёмы создаваемой информации хранятся на недолговечных и ненадёжных носителях и требуют постоянной непрерывной перезаписи, поглощающей с каждым годом всё больше и больше энергетических и финансовых ресурсов. Предлагаются возможные пути решения проблемы как путём реализации плановых государственных программ, так и путём развития частных коммерческих и некоммерческих инициатив. Обосновывается коммерческая перспективность данной сферы для бизнеса, её важность в плане сохранения общечеловеческого культурного наследия, а также ценность для поддержания социальной связности общества и возможное психотерапевтическое и экзистенциальное значение. Отмечается возможность использования программы сохранения культурного наследия для реализуемой параллельно с ней кардинальной реорганизации структуры Интернета. Подробно рассмотрены уже существующие и применяемые в мире технологии высоконадёжного долгосрочного и сверхдолгосрочного холодного хранения данных, не требующие постоянного участия человека в поддержании их миграции, а также наиболее значимые реализуемые в мире проекты в сфере архивирования и распределённого депонирования во множестве резервных копий как культурного наследия человечества в целом, так и индивидуальной памяти и жизненного опыта отдельных людей и малых социальных сообществ. Статья является частью серии публикаций, посвящённых проекту «Ковчег», и публикуется впервые.
The article analyzes the actual problem of highly reliable long-term preservation of information both in analog and digital form. It is noted that today there is an extremely threatening situation in the world, in which colossal and continuously increasing volumes of created information are stored on short-lived and unreliable media and require continuous rewriting, absorbing more and more energy and financial resources every year. Possible ways of solving the problem are proposed both through the implementation of planned state programs and through the development of private commercial and non-profit initiatives. The commercial prospects of this sphere for business, its importance from the point of view of preserving the universal cultural heritage, as well as the value for maintaining social cohesion of society and possible psychotherapeutic and existential significance are substantiated. The possibility of using the cultural heritage preservation program for.
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND REPUTATION IN THE ACTIVITIES OF A LAWYER
Authors: ДЖАХБАРОВ Ю.А. ДЖАХБАРОВ Ю.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены проблемы этического поведения адвокатов, подчеркнута важность формирования и поддержания репутации в деятельности адвоката.
The article examines the problems of ethical behavior of lawyers, emphasizes the importance of forming and maintaining a reputation in the activities of a lawyer.
THE CONCEPT AND ECONOMIC ESSENCE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS
Authors: МАХНЕНКО С.И. МАХНЕНКО С.И. , КУЛИШ А.А. КУЛИШ А.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается понятие научно-технического прогресса как ключевого фактора и двигателя экономического роста страны. Одним из его важных аспектов является оперативное решение социально-экономических проблем, посредством влияния науки на сферу производства во всех сферах занятости. Также в статье раскрывается сущность научно-технического прогресса в современных условиях производства.
The article examines the concept of scientific and technological progress as a key factor and engine of economic growth of the country. One of its important aspects is the prompt solution of socio-economic problems through the influence of science on the sphere of production in all areas of employment. The article also reveals the main functions of scientific and technological progress in modern production conditions.
“SOVIET VARNASHRAMA”: ON THE QUESTION OF THE ESTATE-CORPORATE NATURE OF SOVIET SOCIETY
Authors: СТРОЕВ С.А. СТРОЕВ С.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрена структура не прошедшего через этап буржуазной модернизации советского общества и выявлены черты его типологического сходства с обществами сословно-корпоративного и кастового типа. В характерной для советского общества специфике среднего и высшего образования отмечены функции «социального сепаратора», то есть механизма распределения по иерархически расположенным друг относительно друга социальным стратам, напоминающим, хотя и ненаследственные, но сословия или касты. Описаны существовавшие в советском обществе «сословия», динамика их исторического развития и связанные с ними социальные противоречия. Отмечены как сходства, так и различия в сравнении с «классическими» сословными обществами. Приведены примеры применимости предлагаемой парадигмы для объяснения ряда особенностей и феноменов как советского, так и постсоветского общества, которые в рамках доминирующих представлений вызывают затруднения и выглядят «парадоксальными».
The article examines the structure of Soviet society that did not go through the stage of bourgeois modernization and identifies features of its typological similarity with societies of the estate-corporate and caste type. In the specific features of secondary and higher education characteristic of Soviet society, the functions of a “social separator” are noted, that is, a mechanism of distribution into social strata hierarchically located relative to each other, reminiscent, although non-hereditary, of estates or castes. The “estates” that existed in Soviet society, the dynamics of their historical development and the social contradictions associated with them are described. Both similarities and differences are noted in comparison with “classical” class societies. Examples are given of the applicability of the proposed paradigm to explain a number of features and phenomena of both Soviet and postSoviet society, which, within the framework of the dominant ideas, cause difficulties and look “paradoxical”.