bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetable cells in urinary samples of patients with bricker ileal conduit
Authors: Planinšek Tanja , Kladnik Aleš , Pohar‐Marinšek Živa , Fležar Margareta Strojan 
Published: May 2013

During routine cytopathological evaluation of urines for malignant cells we have occasionally noticed vegetable cells that were only present in patients with Bricker ileal conduit. We wanted to identify the means and sources of contamination of urinary samples from these patients.During the period between May and November 2010, 637 urinary samples were routinely evaluated for malignant cells. Among them were 13 urinary samples from Bricker ileal conduit which we rescreened. We prepared all urinary samples by membrane filtration and stained them according to Papanicolaou. Subsequently, we prepared samples from ostomy adhesives made by Coloplast and by ConvaTec which are used to secure the ostomy bag onto urostomy. We also took samples from different constituents (hydrocolloids) of ostomy adhesives.On the cytopathological review, we found vegetable cells along with intestinal mucosa cells in urinary samples of seven patients with Bricker ileal conduit. With the light microscopic examination of the samples prepared from different ostomy adhesives, we found vegetable cells only in Coloplast adhesives. In preparations of hydrocolloids, we found vegetable cells only in guar gum. They were morphologically identical to those found in urine samples of patients with Bricker ileal conduit and in Sensura and Sensura Xpro (Coloplast) ostomy adhesives.We determined that the origin of vegetable cells in urines from Bricker ileal conduit is the ostomy adhesive. The vegetable cells differ from human intestinal epithelial cells regarding size, shape, and color so it is difficult to misinterpret them as dysplastic cells. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42: 120–124. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Potassium (1‐Organo‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)trifluoroborates from Ethynyltrifluoro­borate through a Regioselective One‐Pot Cu‐Catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Kim Taejung , Song Jung Ho , Jeong Kyu Hyuk , Lee Seokjoon , Ham Jungyeob 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA novel series of 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazole‐containing potassium trifluoroborates were prepared in good to excellent yields from the corresponding organohalides and potassium ethynyltrifluoroborate through a regioselective one‐pot Cu‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. Further Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling of these (organo‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)trifluoroborates with aryl and alkenyl bromides by using a PdCl2(dppf)·CH2Cl2/TBAB [dppf = 1,1′‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene, TBAB = tetrabutylammonium bromide] system under microwave irradiation was explored.
On singularity attacks in MIMO channels
Authors: Sodagari S. , Clancy T.C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAll multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems need a method to estimate and equalise their channel, whether through channel reciprocity or sounding, and most modern orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)‐based MIMO waveforms use sounding via OFDM pilot tones. Previous research has focused on jamming data transmissions. We instead focus on jamming channel sounding symbols and introduce the MIMO singularity attack, which attempts to reduce the rank of the channel gain matrix estimate by the receiver through transmission of specific jamming signals. More specifically, we introduce and analyse the MIMO singularity attack, in which a multi‐antenna jammer tries to manipulate pilot tones to skew the channel state information obtained at the receiver. We prove singularity jamming can be more destructive than data jamming attacks such as barrage or pilot jamming by studying its effects on channel bit error rate and capacity. We develop the constraints associated with jamming MIMO sounding channels and further describe how these attacks specifically impact data symbol estimates for OFDM pilot‐based sounding systems. Through simulation, we demonstrate efficiency gains over barrage jamming. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Opportunistic channel selection based on time series prediction in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Tan Xiaobo , Zhang Hang , Chen Qian , Hu Jian 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTTo improve the utilisation efficiency of licensed spectrum in cognitive radio network, two new channel selection strategies are proposed for the secondary user (SU) in this paper. The proposed solution tries its best to reduce collision and switching probabilities of the SU during data transmission. By using historical information of the licensed spectrum, the SU chooses the channel with the lowest busy probability within its service time for data transmission. Time series prediction is employed to forecast the near future busy probabilities of the licensed spectrum units, and a novel time series prediction method named distance factor recursive least square is also presented. Simulations prove that the performances of the SU, which is measured by collision probability with primary user, switching probability during data transmission and throughput within limited time slots, are all significantly improved when compared with random channel selection method. Higher prediction accuracy than the conventional recursive least square and lazy learning methods is achieved by proposed time series prediction algorithm when tested by voice traffic data and Lorenz time series. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of Natural Atisane‐Type Diterpenoids by retro‐Biomimetic Transformations
Authors: Ungur Nicon , Kulciţki Veaceslav , Chetraru Olga , Grinco Marina , Vlad Pavel F. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAn efficient one step, retro‐biomimetic procedure for the synthesis of natural products having the atisane structure is described (Scheme 2), natural products which are components of medicinal plants and possess relevant biological activity. Their structures were confirmed by chemical transformations and spectral data. The starting materials were the known ent‐kaur‐16‐en‐19‐oic acid (1) and ent‐trachyloban‐19‐oic acid (2), diterpenoids readily available from the waste of sunflower.
Unexpected Ritter Reaction During Acid‐Promoted 1,3‐Dithiol‐2‐one Formation
Authors: Dumur Frédéric , Mayer Cédric R. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA series of aryl‐substituted 1,3‐dithiol‐2‐ones was prepared by the BhattacharyaHortmann cyclization method. Unexpectedly, a Ritter reaction occurred during the acid‐catalyzed cyclization at the cyano group of the aryl substituents and 1,3‐dithiol‐2‐ones bearing a carboxy or a carboxamide group could be selectively obtained (see 1 and 2a in Scheme 1). The formation of the acid or the amide functionality was temperature‐dependent so that the one or the other group could be introduced selectively by modifying the reaction temperature.
Synthesis of New Furo[3,4‐b]quinolin‐1(3H)‐one Scaffolds Derived from γ‐Lactone‐Fused Quinolin‐4(1H)‐ones
Authors: Labruère Raphaël , Helissey Philippe , Desbène‐Finck Stéphanie , Giorgi‐Renault Sylviane 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn the context of our aim of discovering new antitumor drugs among synthetic γ‐lactone‐ and γ‐lactam‐fused 1‐methylquinolin‐4(1H)‐ones, we developed a rapid access to 5‐methyl‐1,3‐dioxolo[4,5‐g]furo[3,4‐b]quinoline‐8,9(5H,6H)‐dione (9) exploiting the γ‐lactone‐fused chloroquinoline 10 previously synthesized in our laboratory (Scheme 1). We also elaborated efficient synthetic methods allowing for a rapid access to two nonclassical bioisosteres of 9, i.e., a deoxy and a carba analogue. The deoxy analogue 11 was prepared in two steps from the γ‐lactone‐fused quinoline 13 which was also the synthetic precursor of 10 (Scheme 1). The carba analogue 6,9‐dihydro‐5‐methyl‐9‐methylene‐1,3‐dioxolo[4,5‐g]furo[3,4‐b]quinolin‐8(5H)‐one (12) was easily prepared by HCl elimination from the 9‐(chloromethyl)dioxolofuroquinoline 15, which was obtained via a three‐component one‐pot reaction from N‐methyl‐3,4‐(methylenedioxy)aniline (=N‐methyl‐1,3‐benzodioxol‐5‐amine; 16), commercially available chloroacetaldehyde, and tetronic acid (17) (Scheme 2).
Mechanism of the Reaction of Amines with 5‐[(Aryl‐ or Alkylamino)hydroxymethylene]‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐diones in the Presence of Chlorotrimethylsilane (Me3SiCl)
Authors: Janikowska Karolina , Makowiec Sławomir , Rachoń Janusz 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAddition of chlorotrimethylsilane (Me3SiCl) to the mixture of a carbamoyl‐substituted Meldrum's acid, i.e., a 5‐[(arylamino)hydroxymethylene]‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐dione of type 1 and a secondary amine as nucleophile strongly accelerated the rate of their reaction. The reason for this phenomenon observed, during our previous research, remained, however, unclear. To elucidate the mechanism of this reaction, we assumed and verified three possible pathways for the action of Me3SiCl (cf. Scheme 2): The acceleration of the reaction is caused i) by formation of a O‐trimethylsilylated Meldrum's acid of type 2, ii) by the silylated amine 3, or iii) by the presence of HCl liberated from Me3SiCl. The performed experiments revealed that the faster course of reaction is caused by the formation of N‐trimethylsilylated amines of type 3.
New Flavonoids from Lysimachia christinaeHance
Authors: Gao Feifei , Zhao De , Deng Jun 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA chemical investigation of Lysimachia christinae, a traditional Chinese medicine used as an effective conservative treatment for gall stones, hepatolithiasis, and urinary calculi, resulted in the isolation of two new flavonoids, myricetin 3,3′‐di‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside (1) and quercetin 3,3′‐di‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside (2), along with the five known flavonoids quercetin 3‐[O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside], amentoflavone, hyperin, quercetin 3‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, and kaempferol 3‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside. Amentoflavone was reported for the first time from the genus Lysimachia, and quercetin 3‐[O‐α‐L‐rhamopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside] was isolated from this plant for the first time. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their chemical reactions and extensive spectroscopic analyses, including UV, mass, and NMR spectra.
N‐Bearing Furanone Derivatives from an Endophytic Fungus in Huperzia serrata
Authors: Xiang Jia‐Gui , Shan Wei‐Guang , Liang Dong‐E , Ying You‐Min , Gan Li‐She , Wang Jian‐Wei , Zhan Zha‐Jun 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTwo new polyketide derivatives, huaspenones C and D (1 and 2, resp.), were isolated from the cultures of an endophytic fungus Peyronellaea sp. HS‐12, derived from the stems of Huperzia serrata. They share N‐bearing furan‐3(2H)‐one backbone, and 2 has an unprecedented furo[3,2‐c]pyridine skeleton. Their structures including the absolute configuration were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis combined with quantum‐chemical calculations. (2E,4E)‐6‐hydroxy‐2‐methylocta‐2,4‐dienoic acid (3), a key intermediate of the biosynthesis of 1 and 2, was also obtained from the endophyte.
Wildfire effects on extractable elements in ash from aPinus pinasterforest in Portugal
Authors: Pereira Paulo , Úbeda Xavier , Martin Deborah , Mataix‐Solera Jorge , Cerdà Artemi , Burguet Maria 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe aim of this work is to study the effects of a wildfire on water‐extractable elements in ash from aPinus pinasterforest located in Portugal. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), sodium and potassium adsorption ratio (SPAR), aluminium (Al3+), manganese (Mn2+), iron (Fe2+), zinc (Zn2+), sulphur (S), silica (Si) and phosphorous (P) were analysed in ash sampled from a sloped area burned in a wildfire and from litter from a contiguous unburned area, with similar morphological conditions. The results showed that ash leachates had higher pH and EC, and were significantly richer in water‐extractable Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SPAR, S and Si and significantly poorer in water‐extractable Al3+, Fe2+, Mn2+and Zn2+than litter solutions. No significant differences were observed in water‐extractable P. The fire changed the ash solute chemistry compared with the unburned litter and increased the sample variability of nutrient distribution with potential implications for plant recovery. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Institutional Research in the Future: Challenges Within Higher Education and the Need for Excellence in Professional Practice
Authors: Calderon Angel , Mathies Charles 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe upcoming challenge for higher education institutions (HEIs) globally is how to respond to an increasing variety of societal needs but with fewer public resources and increased accountability demands. In this chapter we draw attention to the central role institutional research (IR) professionals play in positioning HEIs in a competitive and globalized environment, and the need for them to have a well‐developed set of skills (both generic and specialized) to provide and inform the decision‐making process. We conclude by posing some questions to consider for the practice of IR into the future.
Optimization of a formic/acetic acid delignification treatment on beech wood and its influence on the structural characteristics of the extracted lignins
Authors: Simon Mathilde , Brostaux Yves , Vanderghem Caroline , Jourez Benoit , Paquot Michel , Richel Aurore 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn order to replace petrochemicals by bio‐based lignin products in high value‐added applications, a formic/acetic acid treatment was adapted to beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) for lignin extraction.ResultsBeech wood particles were delignified at atmospheric pressure by a formic acid/acetic acid/water mixture. Cooking time and temperature were optimized for delignification, pulp yield and 2‐furfural concentration. Response surface design analysis revealed that delignification yield increased with cooking time and temperature.ConclusionThe multi‐criteria optimization of delignification was used to find the ideal cooking conditions (5 h 07 min, 104.2 °C) to maximize delignification (70.5%) and pulp yield (58.7%) and, to a lesser extent, minimize 2‐furfural production. Treatment conditions were found to influence the chemical structure of extracted lignins. Cooking time and temperature inversely influenced lignin molecular weights. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of moisture on in situ transesterification of microalgae for biodiesel production
Authors: Sathish Ashik , Smith Brian R. , Sims Ronald C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundA major hurdle with algal biodiesel production has been the energy required to dry algal biomass prior to lipid extraction and/or conversion. Water interferes with the extraction and/or conversion of algal lipids to biodiesel. The focus of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the in situ transesterification method for biodiesel recovery when processing algal biomass with varying amounts of moisture and to evaluate changes in efficiency as in situ transesterification reaction parameters were varied.ResultsResults indicated that moisture content affected biodiesel recovery. Specifically, algal biomass moisture contents above 20% by mass led to statistically significant reductions in biodiesel recovery. However, increasing the amount of catalyst and/or methanol in the reaction resulted in higher recoveries when using wet algal biomass containing 84% moisture. Using 10% (v/v) sulfuric acid in methanol with the wet biomass to solution ratio of 25 mg (dry mass equivalent) mL‐1 resulted in the recovery of approximately 81% of the maximum biodiesel yield.ConclusionThis study showed that the presence of moisture at greater than 20% by mass in algal biomass significantly decreased biodiesel recovery when using in situ transesterification. Increasing the amount of methanol and/or catalyst in the reaction improved biodiesel recovery from wet algal biomass. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of gallium‐doped zinc‐oxide thickness on polymer light‐emitting diode luminescence efficiency
Authors: Chen Sy‐hann , Chen Wei‐chun , Yu Chang‐feng , Lin Chia‐feng , Kao Po‐ching 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTConducting atomic force microscopy and scanning surface potential microscopy were used to study the local electrical properties of gallium‐doped zinc oxide (GZO) films prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on a polyimide (PI) substrate. For a PLD deposition process time of 8 min, the root‐mean‐square roughness, coverage percentage of the conducting regions, and mean work function on the GZO surface were 2.33 nm, 96.6%, and 4.82 eV, respectively. When the GZO/PI substrate was used for a polymer light‐emitting diode (PLED), the electroluminescence intensity increased by nearly 20% compared to a standard PLED, which was based on a commercial‐ITO/glass substrate.Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:783–787, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
KERALA'S FOOD SECURITY STATUS—A PROBE
Authors: Nair Reshmy 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe Indian state of Kerala had attained international acclaim for its consistently higher level of human development comparable with that of many advanced countries even with a much lower per capita income. The present paper focuses on the food security concerns in the state, which produces less than a quarter of its food grain requirements. There has however been a misguided optimism regarding the state's food security status in the recent times owing to the state's better economic performance, the supposed effective functioning of the Public Distribution System and good performance in terms of health outcome indicators. The paper critically analyses each of these factors and reveals the factual position behind the unwarranted optimism. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An adenosine kinase in apoplastic location is involved in Magnaporthe oryzae cold acclimation
Authors: Li Jian , Jia Baolei , Liang Xilong , Liu Jinliang , Wang Yanli , Liang Xunna , Yan Hai , Wang Yuhan , Zhang Shihong 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCold acclimation is an important process to increase freezing tolerance for over‐winter survival in many organisms. The apoplastic area is very important in cold acclimation. Two‐dimensional electrophoresis was used to identify apoplastic proteins involved in the cold acclimation process of the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, and nine protein spots showed at least 1.5‐fold increase during cold treatment. These proteins were further analyzed by matrix‐assisted laser‐desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. One of these proteins was identified to be an adenosine kinase (MoAK), an ortholog of the adenosine kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The MoAK gene showed significantly increased in transcription level. Microscopic analyses showed that an MoAK::GFP fusion protein was localized in the apoplastic region. The MoAk protein showed anti‐freezing activity when expressed in yeast. These results indicated that cold acclimation is crucial for fungal freezing tolerance and MoAK played an important role in this process in M. oryzae.
A novel glucoamylase activated by manganese and calcium produced in submerged fermentation by Aspergillus phoenicis
Authors: Benassi Vivian Machado , Pasin Thiago Machado , Facchini Fernanda Dell Antonio , Jorge João Atílio , de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli Maria 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis study investigates the production of glucoamylase from Aspergillus phoenicis in Machado Benassi (MB) medium using 1% maltose as carbon source. The maximum amylase activity was observed after four days of cultivation, on static conditions at 30 °C. Glucoamylase production was induced by maltose and inhibited by different glucose concentrations. The optimum of temperature and pH were 60–65 °C, and 4.5 or 5.0 to sodium acetate and Mcllvaine buffers, respectively. It was observed that the enzyme was totally stable at 30–65 °C for 1 h, and the pH range was 3.0–6.0. The enzyme was mainly activated by manganese (176%), and calcium (130%) ions. The products of starch hydrolysis were analyzed by thin layer chromatography and after 3 h, only glucose was detected, characterizing the amylolytic activity as a glucoamylase.
The role of mastoidectomy in outcomes following tympanic membrane repair: A review
Authors: Eliades Steven J. , Limb Charles J. 
Published: May 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe role of mastoidectomy performed with tympanoplasty for tympanic membrane perforations in the absence of cholesteatoma remains controversial. Some authorities suggest that outcomes are improved by the pressure buffering contributed by a well‐aerated mastoid. It is unclear, however, whether or not clinical evidence demonstrates a benefit by the addition of a mastoidectomy.Study DesignReview of peer‐reviewed publications.MethodsThe literature on tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy was reviewed, examining the success of tympanic membrane repair, control of drainage, and hearing improvement.ResultsTwenty‐six articles were reviewed examining surgical outcomes for patients with perforations resulting from chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma. Most of the literature consisted of retrospective cohort studies and case series with only a few small prospective randomized trials. Retrospective studies were commonly biased by performing mastoidectomy in ears with worse disease, and methodological differences made comparisons between studies difficult to interpret. There was no evidence of improved outcomes following mastoidectomy compared to tympanoplasty alone. Subgroup analysis, including actively discharging ears, extensive mucosal inflammation, large or repeat perforations, or sclerotic mastoids had overall worse outcomes. These patients showed a nonsignificant trend toward slightly improved results with mastoidectomy.ConclusionsThe available literature shows no additional benefit to performing mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty for uncomplicated tympanic membrane perforations. Patients with more complicated disease may benefit from the addition of a mastoidectomy, but there is insufficient evidence to make a recommendation for this population. Further prospective controlled studies are needed.Laryngoscope, 2013