bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy with carotid artery cavernous segment pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Kang Zhuang , Li Jingjia , Zou Yan , Yang Qintai 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo summarize our experience in diagnosis of carotid cavernous segment pseudoaneurysm in patients with traumatic optic neuropathy, and to make recommendations for treatment.Study designRetrospective study.MethodsClinical data of 133 cases with traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) were reviewed. The diagnosis and treatment of four cases with carotid cavernous segment pseudoaneurysm (PSA) were analyzed.ResultsThe incidence of traumatic optic neuropathy with pseudoaneurysm for this group of patients was 3.01% (4/133). Preliminary screening was performed with vascular‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan, and was further confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Among the four cases with pseudoaneurysm, three cases were successfully treated with vascular embolization. In one of the three cases, coil embolization was employed; and in the other two cases stent embolization was performed. The pseudoaneurysm disappeared after embolization, and nosebleeds subsided without significant complications. All four patients did not undergo nasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression. There was no recurrence of nose bleeding after embolization in the following 1 to 12 months, and in one case the patient's vision improved from no light perception to perceiving hand movement.ConclusionsThere is a possibility of fatal epistaxis for traumatic optic neuropathy with carotid artery cavernous segment pseudoaneurysm. Endoscopic optic nerve decompression treatment (EOND) is not suitable for these cases; instead, it is recommended that patients with traumatic optic neuropathy go through vascular‐enhanced computed tomography screening. Suspected cases should be diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography and be treated by embolization in a timely manner, with stent vascular interventional embolization being the ideal choice.Level of Evidence4.Laryngoscope, 123:2591–2597, 2013
Development of a new method using narrow band imaging for taste assessment
Authors: Shimada Tetsuaki , Kamada Hideo , Hoshino Ryuu , Okamiya Tomofumi , Takahashi Katsumasa , Chikamatsu Kazuaki 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe observation of fungiform papillae is a useful objective taste examination. The purpose of this study is to develop a new method using narrow band imaging for assessment of taste function.Study DesignUsing a narrow band imaging endoscope, we assessed the number and blood vessel morphology of fungiform papillae and compared with the gustatory threshold by the filter paper disc test.MethodsThe number of fungiform papillae was counted in 20 mm2, and blood vessels in fungiform papillae were evaluated morphologically by a five‐point scoring system in 11 patients who had undergone middle ear surgery. The filter taste disc test was performed simultaneously to obtain the gustatory threshold and was compared with the number and blood vessel morphology of fungiform papillae.ResultsUsing a narrow band imaging endoscope, we could clearly detect not only fungiform papillae but also blood vessel morphology. There was a significant correlation between the values of the number of papillae and blood vessel morphology. Moreover, these two parameters revealed a significant inverse correlation with gustatory function. As expected, both parameters on the affected side were significant lower than those on the unaffected side in patients.ConclusionsThe assessment of fungiform papillae using narrow band imaging endoscopy is easy, highly sensitive, and reliable; therefore, it might be useful as an objective examination of taste function.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 123:2405–2410, 2013
Sleep quality and disease severity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Alt Jeremiah A. , Smith Timothy L. , Mace Jess C. , Soler Zachary M. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate sleep quality in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) using a validated outcome measure and to compare measures of CRS disease severity with sleep dysfunction.Study DesignCross‐sectional evaluation of a multi‐center cohort.MethodsAccording to the 2007 Adult Sinusitis Guidelines, patients with CRS were prospectively enrolled from four academic, tertiary care centers across North America. Each subject completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) instrument, in addition to CRS‐specific measures of quality‐of‐life (QOL), endoscopy, computed tomography (CT), and olfaction. Patient demographics, comorbid conditions, and clinical measures of disease severity were compared between patients with “good” (PSQI; ≤5) and “poor” (PSQI; > 5) sleep quality.ResultsPatients (n = 268) reported a mean PSQI score of 9.4 (range: 0–21). Seventy‐five percent of patients reported PSQI scores above the traditional cutoff, indicating poor sleep quality. Patients with poor sleep quality were found to have significantly worse QOL scores on both the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (P < 0.001) and 22‐item Sinonasal Outcome Test (P < 0.001). No significant differences in average endoscopy, CT, or olfactory function scores were found between patients with good or poor sleep quality. Tobacco smokers reported worse average PSQI total scores compared to nonsmokers (P = 0.030). Patients reporting poor sleep were more likely to have a history of depression, even after controlling for gender (P = 0.020).ConclusionThe majority of patients with CRS have a poor quality of sleep, as measured by the PSQI survey. Poor sleep quality is significantly associated with CRS‐specific QOL, gender, comorbid depression, and tobacco use, but not CT score or endoscopy grade.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 123:2364–2370, 2013
Functional regeneration of laryngeal muscle using bone marrow–derived stromal cells
Authors: Kanemaru Shin‐ichi , Kitani Yoshiharu , Ohno Satoshi , Shigemoto Taeko , Kojima Tsuyoshi , Ishikawa Seiji , Mizuta Masanobu , Hirano Shigeru , Nakamura Tatsuo , Dezawa Mari 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate the functional efficiency of skeletal muscles regenerated by transplantation of bone marrow–derived stromal cells (BSCs) or induced‐muscle progenitor cells (IMCs) as assessed in the canine posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle injury model.Study DesignProspective animal experiment with control.MethodsWe performed BSC/IMC transplantation into injured canine PCA muscles. We investigated the capability of auto‐ and allo‐BSC/IMC transplantation using a gelatin sponge scaffold to promote functional regeneration of PCA muscles. Transplantation was assessed by fiberscopic analysis of vocal fold movement. We also examined the histologic changes of the transplanted regions. As a control, a gelatin sponge scaffold without additional cells was transplanted into the injured area.ResultsAuto‐BSC/IMC transplantation effectively restored vocal fold movement, whereas scaffold alone or allo‐BSC/IMC transplantation did not. Histologic examination revealed that (in cases of good recovery) muscle regeneration occurred in the area of cell transplantation, and scar formation without muscle regeneration was observed under control conditions. The dogs with autologous transplantation of BSC had faster functional recovery than did dogs treated with autologous transplantation of IMC.ConclusionsFunctional efficiency was shown in skeletal muscles regenerated using BSCs and IMPs. Motor function recovery was observed using autologous transplantation of BSCs and IMCs. Minimal functional recovery was observed using allogeneic transplantation of these cells.Level of EvidenceNA. Laryngoscope, 123:2728–2734, 2013
Primary care and upfront computed tomography scanning in the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis: A cost‐based decision analysis
Authors: Leung Randy M. , Chandra Rakesh K. , Kern Robert C. , Conley David B. , Tan Bruce K. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo diagnose chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), current guidelines require either endoscopic or computed tomography (CT) findings of sinus disease. To a primary care physician, this means a referral to an otolaryngologist or obtaining a CT scan. Unfortunately, the sensitivity of endoscopy for detecting CRS is low, and examination by the Otolaryngologist may not yield a definitive diagnosis. This leaves CT scanning. However, this is contradicted by recommendations to limit CT scanning for only preoperative planning purposes due to cost concerns. This study aims to provide an evidence‐based cost‐efficient recommendation for primary care practice.Study DesignHealth care economics‐based decision analysis model.MethodsA cost‐based decision analysis based on literature‐reported probabilities and Medicare costs was constructed for two scenarios: 1) primary care physicians who are comfortable initiating first‐line treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis, rhinitis, and atypical facial pain; and 2) primary care physicians who are less comfortable with medical management of these conditions.ResultsUnder both scenarios and the extremes of sensitivity analysis, upfront CT scanning provides cost‐efficient diagnosis over presuming a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis. Primary care physicians who attempt first‐line treatment can expect $503 (range = $296–$761) saved per patient. Meanwhile, primary care physicians who prefer to refer may expect $326 (range = $299–$353) saved per patient.ConclusionsIn all scenarios, confirming diagnosis with CT scanning prior to treatment or referral is more cost‐efficient than presuming a diagnosis of CRS based on symptoms alone.Level of Evidence2c. Laryngoscope, 124:12–18, 2014
Olfactory training is helpful in postinfectious olfactory loss: A randomized, controlled, multicenter study
Authors: Damm Michael , Pikart Louisa K. , Reimann Heike , Burkert Silke , Göktas Önder , Haxel Boris , Frey Sabine , Charalampakis Ioannis , Beule Achim , Renner Berthold , Hummel Thomas , Hüttenbrink Karl‐Bernd 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of olfactory training (OT) on olfactory function in patients with persistent postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD).Study DesignRandomized, single‐blind, controlled, multicenter crossover study.MethodsTwelve tertiary university medical centers participated. Investigations were performed at three visits (baseline, after 18 weeks, and after 36 weeks), including only subjects with PIOD of <24‐months duration. At each visit, participants received detailed assessment of olfactory function. Seventy subjects trained with high concentrations of four odors for 18 weeks; the other half (n = 74) trained with low concentrations of odors. For the following 18 weeks this regimen was switched.ResultsAfter 18 weeks, olfactory function improved in the high‐training group in 18 of 70 participants (26%), whereas only 11/74 improved in the low‐training group (15%). In subjects with a duration of olfactory dysfunction of <12 months, olfactory function improved in 15/24 participants (63%) of the high‐training group and in 6/31 participants (19%) of the low‐training group (P = .03).ConclusionsOT improves PIOD, and the use of odors at higher concentrations is beneficial to improvement. OT is a safe procedure and appears to be particularly useful in patients who start OT within 12 months after the onset of the disorder. OT is the first successful therapy regime in patients with PIOD.Level of Evidence1b. Laryngoscope, 124:826–831, 2014
Patient‐perceived outcome after sialendoscopy using the glasgow benefit inventory
Authors: Ianovski Ilia , Morton Randall P. , Ahmad Zahoor 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisSialendoscopy is a technique for investigating and managing obstructive salivary disease that avoids risks associated with the more invasive sialoadenectomy and other open surgery techniques. To date, surgeon‐based outcomes have been reported, but only one report of patient‐oriented outcomes has appeared in the literature. The objective of this study was to review our experience after introducing sialendoscopy to New Zealand and report the patient‐perceived benefit.Study DesignA prospective observational study of all sialendoscopic procedures performed in the only sialendoscopy‐practicing center in New Zealand between June 2010 and June 2012.MethodsClinical and epidemiological data of all patients were recorded. Sialendoscopic findings, complications, and outcomes were noted. The Glasgow Benefit Inventory questionnaire was administered to the patients at their follow‐up.ResultsFifty‐four patients underwent a total of 66 sialendoscopic procedures, involving 44 parotid and 22 submandibular glands. There was a complete symptom resolution in 54 procedures (82%). Sialolith removal was successful in 67% of cases, with postsialendoscopy symptom resolution in 86% of sialolithiasis cases. Symptoms resolved in 81% of cases with ductal stenosis. The overall mean Glasgow Benefit Inventory score was +31, which compares very favorably with other otolaryngology procedures.ConclusionsThis study shows a substantial positive patient‐perceived benefit of sialendoscopy for both sialolith‐ and stenosis‐based pathology. The overall rate of symptom resolution is comparable to international literature.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:869–874, 2014
Quality‐of‐life scores compared to objective measures of swallowing after oropharyngeal chemoradiation
Authors: Kendall Katherine A. , Kosek Steven R. , Tanner Kristine 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo compare objective measures of swallowing function with patient reports of swallowing‐related quality of life 1 year after treatment of oropharyngeal cancer with chemoradiation therapy.Study DesignPatients seen for follow‐up at least 1 year after treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma with chemoradiation therapy were sequentially approached and asked to participate in the study.MethodsMaximum pharyngeal constriction, hyoid elevation, upper esophageal sphincter opening size, and bolus pharyngeal transit time were measured from modified barium swallowing studies in a group of 31 patients at least 1 year after chemoradiation therapy for the treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma. Measures were made for a liquid 1‐mL, 3‐mL, and 20‐mL bolus. Objective measure results were compared to scores from the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory and The University of Washington Swallowing Quality of Life Questionnaire results from the same patients.ResultsNo strong correlation was identified between any of the objective measures of swallowing physiology and quality‐of‐life scores.ConclusionsPatient perception of the impact of swallowing function on quality of life does not correlate well with actual physiologic functioning.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:682–687, 2014
Predictors of clinical outcome after tracheotomy in critically ill obese patients
Authors: Byrd J. Kenneth , Ranasinghe Viran J. , Day Kristine E. , Wolf Bethany J. , Lentsch Eric J. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify patient factors associated with outcomes in critically ill obese patients requiring tracheotomy.Study DesignSingle‐institution, retrospective cohort study.MethodsCharts were reviewed for inpatients admitted to an intensive care unit from 2007 to 2010 with International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes of obesity or morbid obesity and tracheotomy. Variables collected in the dataset include subject age, ethnicity, gender, body mass index, tracheotomy type, patient outcome, chief diagnosis, and medical comorbid conditions. The primary outcomes of interest were tracheotomy type and patient outcome at the time of hospital discharge. Logistic regression models were developed for the probability of each patient outcome using univariate and multivariate models.ResultsOne hundred two patients met inclusion criteria. The most common outcome was tracheostomy dependence (49%). Increased mortality was independently significantly associated with pulmonary hypertension (P = .019) and African American ethnicity (P = .045). Increased tracheostomy dependence was significantly associated with obstructive sleep apnea (P = .030). Increased decannulation was significantly associated with percutaneous tracheotomy (P = .016) and Caucasian ethnicity (P < .001).ConclusionsObese patients in the intensive care unit who undergo tracheotomy have a high likelihood of remaining tracheostomy dependent at the time of discharge from the hospital. The factors most commonly found to be significantly associated with poor outcomes were open tracheotomy, African American ethnicity, obstructive sleep apnea, and pulmonary hypertension.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 124:1118–1122, 2014
Respiratory viral infection in the chronic persistent phase of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Liao Bo , Hu Chun‐Yan , Liu Tao , Liu Zheng 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe role of respiratory viral infection in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been rarely studied and remains controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of respiratory viruses in the chronic status of CRS.Study DesignA case‐control prospective study.MethodsFifty‐three control subjects, and 67 CRS with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) and 61 CRS without nasal polyp (CRSsNP) patients without signs of acute viral infection were enrolled. Epithelial cells scraped from the middle nasal meatus were tested for the nucleic acid of nine common respiratory viruses using polymerase chain reaction assay. The clinical disease severity was compared between subjects with and without viral infection.ResultsThe overall detection rate of viral infection was 75.47%, 68.66%, and 73.77% in controls, CRSwNP, and CRSsNP, respectively, and no significant difference among studied groups was observed. There was no significant difference in detection rate of any specific individual virus or multiple viruses among the groups studied either. Visual analog scale scores of symptoms, computed tomography scores, or endoscope scores did not show obvious difference between subjects with and without viral infection.ConclusionsAlthough a high frequency of viral infection could be observed in the middle nasal meatus, no increase of frequency of viral infection could be demonstrated in chronic persistent phase of CRSsNP and CRSwNP. The contribution of the interaction between viral infection and host immunity to the pathogenesis of CRS remains to be determined.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 124:832–837, 2014
Sexual Dimorphism of Proximal Hand Phalanges
Authors: Karakostis F. A. , Zorba E. , Moraitis K. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractResearch on sexual dimorphism in proximal hand phalanges contributes to the assessment of the biological profile of an individual from human skeletal remains. Furthermore, it provides fundamental information for studying the origins of manual dexterity. The anatomy of proximal hand phalanges has been widely described, and the occurrence of sexual dimorphism has been reported in studies concentrating on sex determination. However, there is limited research focusing on the level of sexual dimorphism. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the degree of sexual dimorphism in proximal hand phalanges. A total of 661 bones from 160 adult individuals (86 men and 74 women) of the Athens collection were studied. Seven measurements were taken involving the maximum length and diaphyseal and epiphyseal widths. Descriptive statistics,t‐values and percentages of sexual dimorphism were estimated. The results of this study indicate that, in almost all dimensions measured, men have larger proximal hand phalanges than women. Proximal hand phalanges present a high degree of sexual dimorphism (reached 24.78%). The phalanges of the left side demonstrate a higher degree of sexual dimorphism. The proximal phalanges of the thumb proved to be the most sexually dimorphic bones in the material. The minimum sexual dimorphism observed was in the maximum lengths of phalanges, whereas the most sexually dimorphic measurement is the medio‐lateral width at midshaft. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Obesity susceptibility loci and uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and cognitive restraint behaviors in men and women
Authors: Cornelis Marilyn C. , Rimm Eric B. , Curhan Gary C. , Kraft Peter , Hunter David J. , Hu Frank B. , van Dam Rob M. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveMany confirmed genetic loci for obesity are expressed in regions of the brain that regulate energy intake and reward‐seeking behavior. Whether these loci contribute to the development of specific eating behaviors has not been investigated. The relationship between a genetic susceptibility to obesity and cognitive restraint, uncontrolled and emotional eating was examined.MethodsEating behavior and body mass index (BMI) were determined by questionnaires for 1471 men and 2381 women from two US cohorts. Genotypes were extracted from genome‐wide scans and a genetic‐risk score (GRS) derived from 32 obesity‐loci was calculated.ResultsThe GRS was positively associated with emotional and uncontrolled eating (P<0.002). In exploratory analysis, BMI‐increasing variants of MTCH2, TNNI3K, and ZC3H4 were positively associated with emotional eating and those of TNNI3K and ZC3H4 were positively associated with uncontrolled eating. The BMI‐increasing variant of FTO was positively and those of LRP1B and TFAP2B were inversely associated with cognitive restraint. These associations for single SNPs were independent of BMI but were not significant after multiple‐testing correction.ConclusionsAn overall genetic susceptibility to obesity may also extend to eating behaviors. The link between specific loci and obesity may be mediated by eating behavior but larger studies are warranted to confirm these results.
Childbearing is not associated with young women's long‐term obesity risk
Authors: Robinson Whitney R. , Cheng Mariah M. , Hoggatt Katherine J. , Stürmer Til , Siega‐Riz Anna M. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveContemporary childbearing is associated with greater gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention than in previous decades, potentially leading to a more pronounced effect of childbearing on women's long‐term obesity risk. Previous work on the association of childbearing with women's long‐term obesity risk mostly examined births in the 1970s and 1980s and produced mixed results.The association of childbearing and obesity incidence in a diverse, contemporary sample of 2731 US women was estimated.MethodsPropensity‐score (PS) matching was used for confounding control when estimating the effect of incident parity (1996‐2001) on 7‐year incident obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) (2001‐2008).ResultsIn the sample, 19.3% of parous women became obese, whereas 16.1% of unmatched nulliparous women did. After PS matching without and with replacement, the differences in obesity incidence were, respectively, 0.0 percentage points (ppts) (95% CI: −4.7 to 4.7) and 0.9 ppts (95% CI: −4.9 to 6.7). Results were similar in analyses of prevalent parity and obesity in 2008 (n = 6601) conducted to explore possible selection bias.ConclusionsThese results imply that, in contemporary US parous women in their late 20s and early 30s, childbearing may not increase obesity incidence.
Responsive and patterned polymer brushes
Authors: Welch M. Elizabeth , Ober Christopher K. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTWhile polymer brush systems continue to grow in popularity, so does their complexity and sophistication. Advances in polymerization and specific functionalization methods have led to novel applications in diverse research fields. The marriage of top‐down lithography with bottom‐up brush processing is becoming increasingly important in the development and progress of nanotechnology. The aim of this review is to examine different approaches taken to generate tailored polymer brush systems through surface‐initiated polymerizations as well as patterning techniques. Detaching polymer brushes to create free‐standing membranes is also highlighted and discussed in terms of methods and characterization. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 1457–1472