bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Midodrine Hydrochloride for Prevention of Orthostatic Hypotension during Early Mobilization after Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Jans Øivind , Mehlsen Jesper , Kjærsgaard-Andersen Per , Husted Henrik , Solgaard Søren , Josiassen Jakob , Haxholdt Lunn Troels , Kehlet Henrik 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAbstract
In 120 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, administration of 5 mg midodrine 1 h before early mobilization at 6 h after surgery did not reduce the incidence of orthostatic hypotension. Further studies examining other doses and timing are warranted.

Background
Early postoperative mobilization is essential for rapid recovery but may be impaired by orthostatic intolerance (OI) and orthostatic hypotension (OH), which are highly prevalent after major surgery. Pathogenic mechanisms include an insufficient postoperative vasopressor response. The oral α-1 agonist midodrine hydrochloride increases vascular resistance, and the authors hypothesized that midodrine would reduce the prevalence of OH during mobilization 6 h after total hip arthroplasty relative to placebo.

Methods
This double-blind, randomized trial allocated 120 patients 18 yr or older and scheduled for total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia to either 5 mg midodrine hydrochloride or placebo orally 1 h before mobilization at 6 and 24 h postoperatively. The primary outcome was the prevalence of OH (decrease in systolic or diastolic arterial pressures of > 20 or 10 mmHg, respectively) during mobilization 6 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes were OI and hemodynamic responses to mobilization at 6 and 24 h.

Results
At 6 h, 14 (25%; 95% CI, 14 to 38%) versus 23 (39.7%; 95% CI, 27 to 53%) patients had OH in the midodrine and placebo group, respectively, relative risk 0.63 (0.36 to 1.10; P = 0.095), whereas OI was present in 15 (25.0%; 15 to 38%) versus 22 (37.3%; 25 to 51%) patients, relative risk 0.68 (0.39 to 1.18; P = 0.165). At 24 h, OI and OH prevalence did not differ between groups.

Conclusions
Preemptive use of oral 5 mg midodrine did not significantly reduce the prevalence of OH during early postoperative mobilization compared with placebo. However, further studies on dose and timing are warranted since midodrine is effective in chronic OH conditions.
Resolution of Inflammation by Resolvin D1 Is Essential for Peroxisome Proliferator–activated Receptor-γ–mediated Analgesia during Postincisional Pain Development in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Saito Takayuki , Hasegawa-Moriyama Maiko , Kurimoto Tae , Yamada Tomotsugu , Inada Eichi , Kanmura Yuichi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAbstract
Local administration of the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ agonist rosiglitazone attenuated incision-induced mechanical hyperalgesia through a resolvin D1–dependent mechanism in diabetic mice. Resolvin D1–mediated resolution of inflammation might be essential for peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ–mediated analgesia associated with macrophage polarization to antiinflammatory M2 phenotype.
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Background
The wound healing process following acute inflammation after surgery is impaired in diabetes. Altered macrophage functions are linked to delayed tissue repair and pain development in diabetes. Although peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonists are used to treat diabetes, their postoperative analgesic effects in diabetes have not been evaluated.

Methods
The PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone (rosi) was injected at the incision site of diabetic (db/db) mice with resolvin (Rv) D1, a lipid mediator involved in resolution of inflammation. Pain-related behavior, neutrophil infiltration, phagocytosis, and macrophage polarity were assessed for 7 days postoperatively.

Results
Rosiglitazone and RvD1 alleviated mechanical hyperalgesia in db/db (db) mice, whereas rosiglitazone alone did not alter mechanical thresholds on days 4 (db rosi + RvD1 vs. db rosi: 0.506 ± 0.106 vs. 0.068 ± 0.12) and 7 (0.529 ± 0.184 vs. 0.153 ± 0.183) after incision (n = 10 per group). In control m/m mice, the rosiglitazone-induced analgesic effects were reversed by knockdown with arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase small interfering RNA, but these were restored by addition of RvD1. In db/db mice treated with rosiglitazone and RvD1, local infiltration of neutrophils was markedly reduced, with an associated decrease in total TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling cells. Acceleration of rosiglitazone-induced phenotype conversion of infiltrated macrophages from M1 to M2 was impaired in db/db mice, but it was effectively restored by RvD1 in db/db wounds.

Conclusions
In diabetes, exogenous administration of RvD1 is essential for PPARγ-mediated analgesia during development of postincisional pain. Resolution of inflammation accelerated by RvD1 might promote PPARγ-mediated macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype.
An Unusual Presentation of Myositis Ossificans in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Desai Vishal S. , Kakazu Rafael , Crawford Alvin H. , Stanek Jerzy W. 
Published: October 2015

Background:
Myositis ossificans (MO) is a rare, non-neoplastic lesion characterized by heterotopic ossification of soft tissue. The condition is predominantly seen in young adults and adolescents and is most commonly secondary to trauma. Although the exact etiology remains unclear, patients typically present with pain and restricted range of motion following trauma or overuse. MO rarely presents in the popliteal fossa of adult patients and has not been previously reported in that of a pediatric patient.

Methods:
We present a 12-year-old patient with no history of direct trauma with MO in the right popliteal fossa, a highly unusual location. Initial x-rays failed to show the lesion; however, later radiographs showed an ossified mass. At peak dimensions, the ossification measured 3.8 cm anteroposterior×2.5 cm transverse×3.2 cm craniocaudal. After 14 months of observation and conservative therapy, the mass was excised.

Results:
The patient was ultimately able to return to full activity. Radiographs taken 14 months after the excision showed no signs of recurrence of the lesion.

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MO excised from the popliteal fossa of a pediatric patient and followed for >1 year.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case report.
Clinical, Radiographic, and Pathologic Findings in Patients Undergoing Reoperation Following Radiation Therapy and Temozolomide for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Ellsworth Susannah , Ye Xiaobu , Grossman Stuart A. 
Published: October 2015

Purpose:
Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) frequently deteriorate clinically and radiographically after chemoradiation and may require repeat surgical intervention. We attempted to correlate pathologic findings with preoperative clinical characteristics and survival in patients undergoing reoperation for GBM.

Materials and Methods:
Patients eligible for this retrospective analysis had pathologically confirmed GBM diagnosed between 2005 and 2010, received standard radiation and temozolomide, and underwent repeat resection within 18 months of diagnosis.

Results:
Thirty-eight patients were identified. Median age was 56 years (range, 30 to 80 y), 55% were male, and 66% had baseline performance status ≥90%. Median survival was 16.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.3-19.8) from initial surgery. At reoperation, 21% of patients had no pathologically evident tumor. Median time from initial diagnosis to second surgery was similar in patients with and without evident tumor (8.5 vs. 8.8 mo, respectively). Patients without evident tumor tended to have a worse performance status. Median overall survival from second surgery was 7 months (95% CI, 4.2-10.1) and 9.1 months (95% CI, 2.1-25.3) for patients with and without evident tumor, respectively. Multivariate proportional hazards analysis showed a hazard ratio for death of 0.61 (95% CI, 0.25-1.49) for patients without evident tumor after adjusting for Karnofsky performance status and second surgical procedure.

Conclusions:
GBM patients with and without disease recurrence have similar clinical characteristics at the time of second surgical resection. Pathologic outcomes were not correlated with specific clinical or radiologic characteristics, including the time from diagnosis to reoperation. There was a trend toward improved overall survival among patients without evident tumor at reoperation.
What roles do middle managers play in implementation of innovative practices?
Authors: Engle Ryann L. , Lopez Emily R. , Gormley Katelyn E. , Chan Jeffrey A. , Charns Martin P. , Lukas Carol VanDeusen 
Published: October 2015

Background:
Middle managers play key roles in hospitals as the bridge between senior leaders and frontline staff. Yet relatively little research has focused on their role in implementing new practices.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to expand the understanding of middle managers’ influence in organizations by looking at their activities through the lens of two complementary conceptual frameworks.

Methodology/Approach:
We analyzed qualitative data from 17 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers with high and low potential to change organizational practices. We analyzed 98 interviews with staff ranging from senior leaders to frontline staff to identify themes within an a priori framework reflecting middle manager activities.

Findings:
Analyses yielded 14 emergent themes that allowed us to classify specific expressions of middle manager commitment to implementation of innovative practices (e.g., facilitate improvement innovation, garner staff buy-in). In comparing middle manager behaviors in high and low change potential sites, we found that most emergent themes were present in both groups. However, the activities and interactions described differed between the groups.

Practice Implications:
Middle managers can use the promising strategies identified by our analyses to guide and improve their effectiveness in implementing new practices. These strategies can also inform senior leaders striving to guide middle managers in those efforts.
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation Infected With Chromobacterium violaceum
Authors: Gopinathan Anusha , Viswanath Naveen , Kumar Anil , Paulose Roopa Rachel , Nair Gulsiv , Radhakrishnan Kavitha Dinesh , Karim Shamsul 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) is a hamartomatous lesion resulting from developmental anomaly of the foregut. It presents commonly in the neonatal period as respiratory distress. There have been reports of cases of infected CCAM in the past. Here, we report the case of a 2-month-old infant whose condition was diagnosed with CCAM type 3 infected with Chromobacterium violaceum. This is the first report of a case of CCAM infected with C. violaceum to our knowledge. The bacterium is known for its high mortality rate and resistance to penicillin and narrow spectrum cephalosporins.
Insomnia Symptoms Are Associated With Abnormal Endothelial Function
Authors: Routledge Faye S. , Dunbar Sandra B. , Higgins Melinda , Rogers Ann E. , Feeley Christine , Ioachimescu Octavian , Euwer Kristina , Eapen Danny , Quyyumi Arshed 
Published: October 2015

Background:
Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder, and it has been increasingly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The reasons for this relationship are not completely understood but may involve endothelial dysfunction. In this study, we hypothesized that insomnia symptoms would be associated with reduced endothelial function.

Methods:
Working adults (n = 496, 67.5% female, 78.6% white, mean age 48.7 [SD, 10.8] years, body mass index 28.2 [SD, 6.7] kg/m2, diabetes 5.8%, hypertension 20.0%, hyperlipidemia 17.9%, heart disease 2.6%) enrolled in the Emory-Georgia Tech Predictive Health Institute study completed baseline demographic, clinical, depression (Beck Depression Inventory II), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder 7), sleep (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index), and noninvasive endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation [FMD]) measures. Insomnia symptoms were defined as subjective sleep latency of 30 minutes or longer, nighttime or early morning awakenings, and/or sleep medication use occurring 3 times or more per week in the past month.

Results:
Insomnia symptoms were reported by 39.5% of participants. Multivariable regression models showed that insomnia symptoms, age, baseline artery diameter, and dyslipidemia were inversely related to FMD. After adjusting for age, baseline artery diameter, and dyslipidemia, participants reporting insomnia symptoms had lower FMD than did participants reporting better sleep (adjusted FMD mean, 6.13% [SD, 0.28%] vs 6.83% [SD, 0.26%], P = .035).

Conclusion:
In this study, insomnia symptoms were associated with reduced FMD. Research examining the therapeutic benefits of treating insomnia on endothelial function and future cardiovascular risk is warranted.
Adjudicating between face-coding models with individual-face fMRI responses
Authors: Carlin Johan D. , Kriegeskorte Nikolaus 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe perceptual representation of individual faces is often explained with reference to a norm-based face space. In such spaces, individuals are encoded as vectors where identity is primarily conveyed by direction and distinctiveness by eccentricity. Here we measured human fMRI responses and psychophysical similarity judgments of individual face exemplars, which were generated as realistic 3D animations using a computer-graphics model. We developed and evaluated multiple neurobiologically plausible computational models, each of which predicts a representational distance matrix and a regional-mean activation profile for 24 face stimuli. In the fusiform face area, a face-space coding model with sigmoidal ramp tuning provided a better account of the data than one based on exemplar tuning. However, an image-processing model with weighted banks of Gabor filters performed similarly. Accounting for the data required the inclusion of a measurement-level population averaging mechanism that approximates how fMRI voxels locally average distinct neuronal tunings. Our study demonstrates the importance of comparing multiple models and of modeling the measurement process in computational neuroimaging.Author SummaryHumans recognize conspecifics by their faces. Understanding how faces are recognized is an open computational problem with relevance to theories of perception, social cognition, and the engineering of computer vision systems. Here we measured brain activity with functional MRI while human participants viewed individual faces. We developed multiple computational models inspired by known response preferences of single neurons in the primate visual cortex. We then compared these neuronal models to patterns of brain activity corresponding to individual faces. The data were consistent with a model where neurons respond to directions in a high-dimensional space of faces. It also proved essential to model how functional MRI voxels locally average the responses of tens of thousands of neurons. The study highlights the challenges in adjudicating between alternative computational theories of visual information processing.
Influence of assembly predicate consideration on optimal assembly sequence generation
Authors: Bahubalendruni M. V. A. Raju , Biswal Bibhuti Bhusan , Kumar Manish , Nayak Radharani 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to find out the significant influence of assembly predicate consideration on optimal assembly sequence generation (ASG) in terms of search space, computational time and possibility of resulting practically not feasible assembly sequences. An appropriate assembly sequence results in minimal lead time and low cost of assembly. ASG is a complex combinatorial optimisation problem which deals with several assembly predicates to result an optimal assembly sequence. The consideration of each assembly predicate highly influences the search space and thereby computational time to achieve valid assembly sequence. Often, the ignoring an assembly predicate leads to inappropriate assembly sequence, which may not be physically possible, sometimes predicate assumption drastic ally raises the search space with high computational time.Design/methodology/approach– The influence of assuming and considering different assembly predicates on optimal assembly sequence generation have been clearly illustrated with examples using part concatenation method.Findings– The presence of physical attachments and type of assembly liaisons decide the consideration of assembly predicate to reduce the complexity of the problem formulation and overall computational time.Originality/value– Most of the times, assembly predicates are ignored to reduce the computational time without considering their impact on the assembly sequence problem irrespective of assembly attributes. The current research proposes direction towards predicate considerations based on the assembly configurations for effective and efficient ASG.
Coordination error control for accurate positioning in movable robotic drilling
Authors: Mei Biao , Zhu Weidong , Dong Huiyue , Ke Yinglin 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to propose a roadmap to control the robot–subassembly (R–S) coordination errors in movable robotic drilling. Fastener hole drilling for multi-station aircraft assembly demands a robotic drilling system with expanded working volume and high positioning accuracy. However, coordination errors often exist between the robot and the subassembly to be drilled because of disturbances.

Design/methodology/approach
– Mechanical pre-locating and vision-based robot base frame calibration are consecutively implemented to achieve in-process robot relocation after station transfer. Thus, coordination errors induced by robotic platform movements, inconsistent thermal effects, etc. are eliminated. The two-dimensional (2D) vision system is applied to measure the remainder of the R–S coordination errors, which is used to enhance the positioning accuracy of the robot. Accurate estimation of measured positioning errors is of great significance for evaluating the positioning accuracy. For well estimation of the positioning errors with small samples, a bootstrap approach is put forward.

Findings
– A roadmap for R–S coordination error control using a 2D vision system, composed of in-process relocation, coordination error measurement and drilled position correction, is developed for the movable robotic drilling.

Practical implications
– The proposed roadmap has been integrated into a drilling system for the assembly of flight control surfaces of a transport aircraft in Aviation Industry Corporation of China. The position accuracy of the drilled fastener holes is well ensured.

Originality/value
– A complete roadmap for controlling coordination errors and improving positioning accuracy is proposed, which makes the high accuracy and efficiency available in movable robotic drilling for aircraft manufacturing.
An adaptive BPSO algorithm for multi-skilled workers assignment problem in aircraft assembly lines
Authors: Xin Bo , Li Yuan , Yu Jianfeng , Zhang Jie 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the multi-skilled workers assignment problem in complex assembly systems such as aircraft assembly lines. An adaptive binary particle swarm optimization (A-BPSO) algorithm is proposed, which is used to balance the workload of both assembly stations and processes and to minimize the human cost.

Design/methodology/approach
– Firstly, a cycle time model considering the cooperation of multi-skilled workers is constructed. This model provides a quantitative description of the relationship between the cycle time and multi-skilled workers by means of revising the standard learning curve with the “Partition-And-Accumulate” method. Then, to improve the accuracy and stability of the current heuristic algorithms, an A-BPSO algorithm that suits for the discrete optimization problems is proposed to assign multi-skilled workers to assembly stations and processes based on modified sigmoid limiting function.

Findings
– The proposed method has been successfully applied to a practical case, and the result justifies its advantage as well as adaptability to both theory and engineering application.

Originality/value
– A novel cycle time model considering cooperation of multi-skilled workers is constructed so that the calculation results of cycle time are more accurate and closer to reality. An A-BPSO algorithm is proposed to improve the stability and convergence in dealing with the problems with higher dimensional search space. This research can be used by the project managers and dispatchers on assembly field.
Case analysis of the do-it-yourself industry
Authors: Hatton-Jones Siobhan , Teah Min 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the accelerated growth within the Australian do-it-yourself (DIY) market and discusses the factors and drivers affecting consumer motivations to engage in such assembly tasks.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using a case study approach, evaluations and critical analysis of the DIY industry was being formulated by drawing on real life brands and examples. An analysis of various DIY retail strategies and DIY decking companies was synthesised to provide insights into the DIY industry.

Findings
– The insights into the industry outlines the changing consumer attitudes and motivations towards DIY and decking tasks. The findings on an evolving DIY industry, in particular the decking market demonstrate useful implications for academics, policy makers and brand practitioners.

Originality/value
– There have been little industry studies that delve into specifically decking products. Considering the vast increase in homeware, renovations, and gardening, the study provides insights from various case studies into the strategies undertaken by Australian and global companies. In addition, the majority of studies undertaken have also been concerned with the intrinsic motivations of consumers and not necessarily the extrinsic effect that brands and retailers advertently and inadvertently communicate and signal to consumers of DIY products.
Clinical dashboards and their use in an adult mental health inpatient setting, a pilot study
Authors: Phull Jaspreet , Hall Julie 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences and opinions of mental health professionals working in two rehabilitation wards to a clinical dashboard system.

Design/methodology/approach
– Following the creation of the clinical dashboards, a questionnaire was developed and sent to staff and patients across two clinical wards involved in the clinical dashboard mental health pilot.

Findings
– The clinical dashboards were viewed as being useful tools for clinicians, supporting engagement. They can offer rapid access to large volumes of clinically useful information, in a palatable format. The pilot suggested that they could be presented in different ways to make them easier to engage with however they could also result in more paperwork for clinicians.

Research limitations/implications
– The main limitations included the sample size, responder bias and the limited sampling period. It would have been helpful to have obtained further responses to understand why individuals came to their conclusions.

Practical implications
– The development and use of clinical dashboards in a psychiatric rehabilitation setting offered the opportunity to improve quality, collect and respond to relevant clinical data trends: which is regarded positively by staff and patients.

Originality/value
– This study represents the first study to examine the use of clinical dashboards within a UK long stay adult mental health ward setting. The results suggest a positive response from both staff and patients and illustrates the potential benefits relating to clinical quality.