bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Protective Effect of Melatonin on LPS-Induced Myocardial Injury via
the Caspase-11/GSDMD Pathway
Authors: Cui Boqun , Gao Fei , Lin Duomao , Yu Yang , Wang Chengbin , Ma Jun 
Published: July 2024

Background::
Melatonin (MT) has been demonstrated to have cardioprotective effects.
Nevertheless, the precise mechanism through which MT provides protection against the etiology
of LPS-induced myocardial injury remains uncertain. In this investigation, our objective was to
explore the impact of MT on LPS-induced myocardial injury in an in vitro setting.

Methods::
H9C2 cells were categorized into four groups: a control group (H9C2 group), an MT
group, an LPS group, and an MT + LPS group. The H9C2 group received treatment with sterile
saline solution, the LPS group was exposed to 5 μg/mL LPS for 24 hours, the MT + LPS group
underwent pretreatment with 150 μmol/L MT for 2 hours, followed by exposure to 5 μg/mL LPS
for 24 hours, and the MT group received only 150 μmol/L MT for 2 hours. Cell viability and lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) release were assessed using the CCK-8 assay and LDH activity assay,
respectively. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified in each group of cells,
and the percentage of propidium iodide (PI)-stained apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry.
The mRNA levels of caspase11, GSDMD, and IL-18 in each group of cells were quantified.

Results::
MT treatment significantly protected H9C2 cells from LPS-induced damage, as evidenced
by decreased LDH release. LPS treatment markedly increased ROS levels in H9C2 cells,
which were subsequently reduced by MT. LPS caused a substantial decrease in superoxide dismutase
(SOD) activity and a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, while MT
treatment significantly reversed these effects. Additionally, MT markedly enhanced the proportion
of viable H9C2 cells compared to LPS-treated controls, as evidenced by the PI staining assay.
LPS upregulated both mRNA levels and protein levels of IL-18 in H9C2 cells. However,
MT treatment effectively mitigated this LPS-induced increase. Furthermore, MT significantly
decreased LPS-induced protein levels of cleaved-caspase 11 and GSDMD-N in H9C2 cells.

Conclusion::
Overall, our findings suggest that MT inhibits the Caspase11-GSDMD signaling
pathway via pyroptosis-related proteins (caspase-11 and GSDMD-N) and reduces the expression
of inflammation-related cytokines (IL-18), thereby exerting a protective effect on H9C2 cells after
LPS injury.
The Genus Paeonia: A Review of the Targeted Signaling Pathways and Underlying Mechanisms of Pharmacological and Clinical Properties
Authors: Jalali Atefeh , Jafari Fereshteh , Behnamrad Shima , Zarshenas Mohammad M. , Zhang Xiuxin , Kashkooe Ali 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
The Paeoniaceae family contains only the Paeonia genus and is considered
the major group of flowering plants. Several traditional and pharmacological applications of Paeoniaceae
herbs have been described. The current paper aimed to determine the pharmacological activities
of the most prevalent herbs from the genus Paeonia by focusing on the underlying mechanism of
action and signaling pathways to provide insight for further in-depth research on the medicinal resources
of Paeonia.

Method:
The "Paeoniaceae" keyword was searched from 1st January 1995 to 15th May 2024 through
the PubMed and Scopus databases. Only papers related to pharmacology, pharmaceutics, and toxicology
were extracted. The possible pharmacological activity of the Paeonia plants underlying their
mechanism of action and signaling pathways was subsequently discussed.

Results:
Following our venture, only 15 Paeonia herbs were adequately evaluated for their pharmacological
applications. Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews, and Paeonia emodi
Royle are among the most prevalent Paeonia plants that have attracted increased amounts of attention
in modern pharmacological studies. Paeonia herbs possess various pharmacological applications,
such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anticancer, antimicrobial, cardiovascular protective, cosmetic
and skincare, radical scavenging, hepatoprotective and anti-ulcerative, anti-diabetic, musculoskeletal,
and neuroprotective effects, and can be used as alternative therapies under critical medical
conditions.

Conclusion:
Among the applications of Paeonia herbs, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities
are critical, as most of the other pharmacological effects are attributed to them. In other words, nuclear
factor (NF)-κB and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can be considered the most
important signaling pathways involved in the pharmacological activity of Paeonia herbs.
Identification of Potent SFRP1 Inhibitors for Colorectal Cancer using a Comprehensive Computational Approach
Authors: Jothimani Muralidharan , Vijayaraghavalu Sivakumar , Sadasivam Karthik , Muthusamy Karthikeyan 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The incidence of CRC has increased worldwide over the past decade.
The statistics report from WHO highlights the increased severity and fatality rate of CRC
among the populations. Wnt/β-catenin is recognized as the resource for cell regeneration and
cancer signaling pathways driven by frizzled receptor cofactors. Aberrant regulation of Wnt/β-
catenin suppression is an important challenge in treating CRC management.

Aims and Objective:
The SFRP1 comprises a cysteine-rich region that is homologous to the
putative Wnt-binding sites of Frizzled proteins, with the potential to impede and alter the cascade
of Wnt signaling. Indirect regulation, like targeting Wnt antagonist SFRP1, is an alternative
strategy to suppress the cancer signals by enhancing the apoptotic activity. Hence, this
study aimed to approach the SFRP1 protein as a therapeutic target to inhibit Wnt signaling in
colorectal cancer. Further, it aimed to identify the lead compounds against the SFRP1 protein,
which inhibit the oncogenic expression of CRC, which might be possible using computational
approaches, recognizing the importance of the SFRP1 protein role in CRC.

Methods:
The homology-modeled SFRP1 structure was refined, and virtual screening was performed
against the anti-cancer drugs and natural drug databases to find the best hit molecules.
The molecular docking, MD, and MMGBSA analysis confirmed the firm binding of SFRP1
complexes to identify the potent CRC inhibitors.

Results:
The amino acid residues Arg5, Arg11, Ala13, Lys 245, Lys274, Phe147, Pro99, and
Ser277 are essential for ligand binding and show similar interactions for SFRP1 complexes. The
ADME/T profile for top hits is acceptable in range and obtains the drug-likeness property. The
100ns run for MD simulation confirms the stability of protein complexes.

Conclusion:
Overall, the findings of this study reveal that the lead compounds screened are capable
of inhibiting SFRP1 against CRC. Targeting SFRP1 paves the way for new platforms in
the field of cancer and the therapeutic sector for new approachable finds.
Effect of Growth Time on Structural and Optical Properties of Chemically Synthesized TiO2 Nanostructures
Authors: Paul Payal , Sharma Dewakar , Biswas Joydeep , Misra Kamakhya Prakash , Kabi Sanjib , Chattopadhyay Saikat 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is popular in the scientific community due to
its wide variety of applications in optoelectronic devices, solar cells, gas sensors, photocatalytic
reagents, and the biomedical industry. It is a wide band gap semiconductor with a band gap of
3.2eV. Usually, it shows three different phases, like anatase, rutile, and brookite, based on the
synthesis method and annealing temperature.

Method:
Here, we report a simple chemical process to synthesize TiO2 nanostructures (NSs) at
low temperatures to study the impact of growth time on structural and morphological properties.
During synthesis, we permitted the samples to grow for 5 hr (sample-T5) and 7 hr (sample-T7)
and continued the stirring process accordingly. We performed XRD, UV-Vis, and FESEM analysis
with the samples.

Result:
XRD confirmed the effect of growth time on the size of the structures, and a shift in the
absorption edge was observed in UV-Vis spectra, which indicated a change in the band gap.
FESEM confirmed the change in nanostructures’ size in both samples.

Conclusion:
The tuning in band gap due to growth time variation may be an interesting phenomenon
to explore for modern scientific applications.
Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Zanghì Aurora , Filippo Paola Sofia Di , Avolio Carlo , D’Amico Emanuele 
Published: July 2024

:
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature
myeloid cells that play important roles in maintaining immune homeostasis and regulating immune
responses. MDSCs can be divided into two main subsets based on their surface markers and functional
properties: granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) and monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs). Recently greatest
attention has been paid to innate immunity in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), so the aim of our review is
to provide an overview of the main characteristics of MDSCs in MS and its preclinical model by
discussing the most recent data available. The immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs can be
dysregulated in MS, leading to an exacerbation of the autoimmune response and disease progression.
Antigen-specific peptide immunotherapy, which aims to restore tolerance while avoiding the use of
non-specific immunosuppressive drugs, is a promising approach for autoimmune diseases, but the cellular
mechanisms behind successful therapy remain poorly understood. Therefore, targeting MDSCs
could be a promising therapeutic approach for MS. Various strategies for modulating MDSCs have
been investigated, including the use of pharmacological agents, biological agents, and adoptive transfer
of exogenous MDSCs. However, it remained unclear whether MDSCs display any therapeutic potential
in MS and how this therapy could modulate different aspects of the disease. Collectively, all the
described studies revealed a pivotal role for MDSCs in the regulation of MS.
Surgical Residents’ Perception of Feedback on Their Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Costa Carlos Dario da Silva , Silva Gabriela Gouvea , Santos Emerson Roberto dos , Engel Ana Maria Rita Pedroso Vilela Torres de Carvalho , Costa Ana Caroline dos Santos , da Silva Taisa Morete , da Conceição Washington Henrique , Cristóvão Helena , Lima Alba Regina de Abreu , Brienze Vânia MS , Bizotto Thaís Santana Gastardelo , Oliani Antonio Hélio , André Júlio César 
Published: July 2024

Background
Feedback is an essential tool for learning and improving performance in any sphere of education, including training of resident physicians. The learner’s perception of the feedback they receive is extremely relevant to their learning progress, which must aim at providing qualified care for patients. Studies pertinent to the matter differ substantially with respect to methodology, population, context, and objective, which makes it even more difficult to achieve a clear understanding of the topic. A scoping review on this theme will unequivocally enhance and organize what is already known.

Objective
The aim of this study is to identify and map out data from studies that report surgical residents’ perception of the feedback received during their education.

Methods
The review will consider studies on the feedback perception of resident physicians of any surgical specialty and age group, attending any year of residency, regardless of the type of feedback given and the way the perceptions were measured. Primary studies published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese since 2017 will be considered. The search will be carried out in 6 databases and reference lists will also be searched for additional studies. Duplicates will be removed, and 2 independent reviewers will screen the selected studies’ titles, abstracts, and full texts. Data extraction will be performed through a tool developed by the researchers. Descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis (content analysis) will be used to analyze the data. A summary of the results will be presented in the form of diagrams, narratives, and tables.

Results
The findings of this scoping review were submitted to an indexed journal in July 2024, currently awaiting reviewer approval. The search was executed on March 15, 2024, and resulted in 588 articles. After the exclusion of the duplicate articles and those that did not meet the eligibility criteria as well as the inclusion of articles through a manual search, 13 articles were included in the review.

Conclusions
Conducting a scoping review is the best way to map what is known about a subject. By focusing on the feedback perception more than the feedback itself, the results of this study will surely contribute to gaining a deeper understanding of how to proceed to enhance internal feedback and surgical residents’ learning progress.

Trial Registration
Open Science Framework yexb; https://osf.io/yexkb.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/56727
Analisis Perbedaan Jumlah Bakteri Pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Budidaya
Authors: Kamelia Marlina , Widiani Nurhaida , Adistyaningrum Nurul 
Published: July 2024

Ikan mempunyai prospek cukup baik untuk dikembangkan karena memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi. Namun, persentase penyakit ikan akibat bakteri mencapai 33,9%. Ikan nila (O. niloticus) termasuk yang sering terserang bakteri. Hasil TPC dari ikan nila kolam budidaya I, II, dan III secara berturut-turut adalah sebesar 1,32 X 105 Cfu/g; 1,7 X 105 Cfu/g; 1,14 X 105 Cfu/g. Dari hasil parameter pengukuran fisika ketiga kolam budidaya masih sesuai dengan klasifikasi mutu air, namun jika ditinjau dari hasil parameter pengukuran kimia kolam budidaya II tergolong air tercemar.
Optimasi Pembentukan Gula Cair Dari Limbah Kulit Singkong (Manihot utilisima Pohl) Oleh Bacillus Licheniformis dalam Usaha Menumbuhkan Jiwa Kewirausahaan.
Authors: Budiarti Retni S , Harlis Harlis , Kapli Hari 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi Bacillus licheniformis optimal yang dibutuhkan dalam penbentukan gula cair dari limbah singkong, nilai kadar gula serta nilai amilum yang terkandung dalam limbah kulit singkong yang terdegradasi. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak daun singkong (Manihot utilissima Pohl.), yaitu 0 konsentrasi, 1,5 ml konsentrasi, 2,5 ml konsentrasi dan 3,5 ml konsentrasiB. Licheneformis. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis (ANOVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan uji duncanâ€™s range test (DMRT) dengan taraf kepercayaan 5%. Hasil Penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa seluruh perlakuan pengaruh nyata terhadap pemberian konsentrasi B.licheniformis. Perlakuan dengan menggunakan konsentrasi 1,5 ml B. licheniformispada substrak kulit singkong seberat 1 gram setelah uji Duncanâ€™s range test (DMRT) dengan taraf kepercayaan 5% menghasilkan nilai gula reduksi sebesar 6.07 %.
Jumlah Jenis dan Jumlah Individu Semut di Tanah Gambut Alami dan Tanah Gambut PerkebunanSawitdi Sungai Pagar, Riau Ant Diversity and Abundanceon Peat Swamp Forestand Peat Palm Oil Plantation in Sungai Pagar, Riau
Authors: MINARTY YULMINARTY 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.Â Â Â PeatÂ landsÂ conversionÂ toÂ palmÂ oilÂ plantationÂ isÂ aÂ commonÂ phenomenonÂ inÂ RiauÂ Province. TheÂ qualityÂ andÂ fertilityÂ ofÂ peatÂ dependsÂ onÂ theÂ levelÂ andÂ depthÂ ofÂ peatÂ whichÂ wasÂ relatedÂ to decomposition process. The objective of the researchÂ was to findout the effect of peatÂ land conversion on antabundance anddiversity. The study was conducted on July 2012on peat swampforest and peat palm oil plantation. Ants were collected by pit fall traps method. The result showed that the number ofant specieson peat swampforest found in this studyÂ was 53 species from 316 individuals, while in the one year old palm oil plantation found 24 species from 237 individuals. Ant species diversity and abundance inÂ peat swampforestÂ was muchhigherÂ thanthatÂ onÂ oneÂ yearÂ oldÂ palmÂ oilÂ plantationÂ onÂ peatÂ soil.Â The compositionÂ andÂ abundanceÂ ofÂ antsÂ seemÂ relatedto physicalÂ andÂ chemical Â propertiesÂ ofÂ thepeatÂ land, especially temperature and pH. Keywords : Ants, Peatlands, Palm oil ABSTRAK. Konversi tanah gambut menjadi kebun sawit merupakan fenomena umum di Provinsi Riau. KualitasÂ danÂ kesuburanÂ tanahÂ gambutÂ tergantungÂ padaÂ tingkatÂ pelapukanÂ danÂ kedalamanÂ gambutÂ yang berkaitan dengan proses dekomposisi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh konversi tanah gambut terhadap jumlah jenis dan jumlah individu semut. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2011 padaÂ tanahÂ gambutÂ alamiÂ danÂ tanahÂ gambutÂ yangÂ sudahÂ ditanamiÂ dengan Â sawitÂ selamaÂ satuÂ tahun. SemutÂ dikoleksiÂ denganÂ metodaÂ perangkapÂ jebakÂ (pitÂ fallÂ trap).Â HasilÂ yangÂ didapatkanÂ menunjukkan bahwa jumlahÂ jenisÂ danÂ jumlahÂ individu semut lebihÂ banyakÂ didapatkanÂ padaÂ tanahÂ gambutÂ alamiÂ yaitu sebanyak 53 spesies dan 316 individu semut. Sedangkan pada tanah gambut yang sudah ditanami sawit umur satu tahun jumlah spesiesnya dan jumlah individunya lebih rendah yaitu sebanyak 24 spesies dan 237 individu. Jumlah jenis dan jumlah individu semut tergantung pada faktor fisika kimia tanah terutama temperatur dan pH. Kata kunci :semut,gambut, sawit Â
Demographical Study of Appendicitis Patients in Basra/Iraq
Authors: Shaker Zainab Nihad , Mahdi Dawood Salman , Alsaimary Ihsan Edan 
Published: July 2024

Background. Acute appendicitis is a prevalent cause of severe lower abdomen discomfort that necessitates rapid attendance at the emergency department, it occurs in approximately 17,700,000 individuals worldwide each year. Method. A case-control investigation was carried out on the patients with appendicitis in the operating room at Al-Sadr Hospital and Al-Shifaa Teaching Hospital in Basra, and the control group was randomly selected. Information was collected using a questionnaire. Results and Discussion. This study’s appendicitis patients were 56 males and 44 females. The age group ranging from 10 to 25 years was the most group affected by appendicitis (63%). The rate of non-smoking patients was 69%, higher than that of smoking patients (31%) and higher than smoking control (17%), with significance. The patients who live in the center have a high rate when compared with patients who live in the peripheral. The rate of patients who had a family history of appendicitis was (34%) lower than that of patients who had not a family history. Still, when compared with control with a family history (15%), their rate was higher with significance. Conclusion. The results of our study conclude that appendicitis affects young ages, but it can occur at any age, and a slight predominance can be observed in males compared to females, without significance. Smoking and a positive family history of appendicitis can be factors leading to appendicitis in an individual.
Reserves, prices, and policy: An empirical analysis of strategic crop reserves in Arab nations
Authors: Fatih Chellai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
In recent years, global food systems have faced challenges like disasters, extreme weather events, and market fluctuations, such as the Ukraine-Russia conflict. This study analyses strategic crop reserves, specifically for wheat and rice, in Arab countries. It examines the objectives and obstacles associated with these reserves.

Material and methods
different statistical methods have been used, including regression analysis and neural network prediction models.

Results
Findings reveal significant agricultural production deficits in Arab economies. However, some countries maintain substantial crop reserves. We found an inverse relationship between wheat reserves and wheat prices. Additionally, energy prices correlate positively with agricultural commodity prices. Forecasting models anticipate short-term global grain stock stability but predict short-term increases in agricultural price indices (until 2024) followed by long-term decreases (by 2030).

Conclusions
Policymakers should support agricultural strategies, particularly for strategic crops. To address current challenges, we suggest securing long-term contracts for strategic crops, diversifying suppliers, and avoiding reliance on a few sources.
PELATIHAN DIGITAL MARKETING PADA KOMUNITAS KELUARGA BESAR BURUH MIGRAN INDONESIA (KABAR BUMI) PONOROGO
Authors: Daroin Ana Dhaoud , Sari Novita Erliana , Berlianantiya Maretha , Ramandha Erlinda Harum , Khanafi Zenu , Nisa' Zidni Karimatin 
Published: July 2024

<p>Para mantan pekerja migran memutuskan untuk tidak kembali lagi bekerja di luar negeri dan memilih untuk mendirikan atau mengembangkan usaha di kampung halaman. Namun, keinginan ini tidak diiringi pemahaman tentang <em>digital marketing</em> yang sangat penting pada saat ini. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah mengedukasi anggota komunitas Kabar Bumi tentang konsep dasar <em>digital marketing</em>; dan menambah pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan <em>platform</em> aplikasi <em>digital marketing</em> yang mudah digunakan dan bermanfaat dalam mengembangkan usaha. Mitra kegiata pengabdian adalah komunitas keluarga buruh migran Indonesia (Kabar Bumi) Cabang Ponorogo dengan jumlah 33 peserta. Metode menggunakan 5T yaitu <em>to know, to understand, to plann, to action, </em>dan <em>to reflection</em>. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan observasi di lapangan, pemberian <em>feedback</em> dan penugasan mandiri. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat yaitu komunitas Kabar Bumi merupakan komunitas yang solid dan aktif dalam kegiatan sosial, namun belum ada integrasi antaranggota terkait bisnis. Selain itu pengetahuan dasar tentang <em>digital marketing</em> masih rendah. Ada motivasi kuat dari anggota untuk belajar dan melakukan kewirausahaan sosial. Kegiatan ini mencapai target yaitu peserta berhasil memanfaatkan <em>google my business</em> sebagai pemasaran <em>digital</em> pertama bagi usaha masing-masing anggota dengan baik.</p>