bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Synthesis of β‐O‐Glucosylated 5‐(Arylidene)‐6‐Aminouracils: Towards Water‐Soluble 8‐Aryl Xanthines as Effective Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Poslu Ayşe Halıç , Ertik Onur , Abul Nurgül , Telli Fatma Çetin , Gülçin İlhami , Koz Ömer , Koz Gamze 
Published: July 2024

Abstract8‐Aryl xanthines are selective enzyme inhibitors modified from naturally occurring methylxanthines. However, the low water solubility of substituted xanthines restricts their clinical applications. We developed a strategy to improve the water solubility of biologically privileged 8‐aryl xanthines. A series of glucosylated 5‐(arylidene)‐6‐aminouracil was synthesized as 8‐aryl‐1,3‐dimethyl xanthine precursors and fully characterized with spectroscopic methods. Koenigs‐Knorr reaction was used to synthesize β‐O‐glucosylated aromatic aldehydes which were then reacted with 5,6‐diamino‐1,3‐dimethyluracil to obtain the corresponding 5‐(arylidene)‐6‐aminouracils. The strategy was validated by the ring‐closing reaction of a β‐O‐glucosylated 5‐(arylidene)‐6‐aminouracil derivative with iodine (I2) in dimethoxyethane. The water solubility of the glucosylated 8‐aryl‐1,3‐dimethyl xanthine and its non‐glycosylated counterpart was compared. Glucosylation improved the water solubility of the compound. The effect of glucosylation on the bioactivity of the compounds was investigated by measuring their inhibition effect on some common enzymes. The glucosylated 8‐aryl xanthine demonstrated significantly better efficiency. Molecular docking was performed to elucidate the ligand‐protein interactions. Since the target enzymes are primarily related to brain disorders, the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) penetration ability of 8‐aryl xanthine partners was investigated. According to adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) predictions, glucosylated 8‐aryl xanthine was found to be BBB permeable.
Organic Cation Modulation in Manganese Halides to Optimize Crystallization Process and X‐Ray Response Toward Large‐Area Scintillator Screen
Authors: Wang Shuo , Chen Huanyu , Xu Youkui , Peng Guoqiang , Wang Haoxu , Li Qijun , Zhou Xufeng , Li ZhenHua , Wang Qian , Jin Zhiwen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractManganese halides are one of the most potential candidates for large‐area flat‐panel detection owing to their biological safety and all‐solution preparation. However, reducing photon scattering and enhancing the efficient luminescence of scintillator screens remains a challenge due to their uncontrollable crystallization and serious nonradiative recombination. Herein, an organic cation modulation is reported to control the crystallization process and enhance the luminescence properties of manganese halides. Given the industrial requirements of the X‐ray flat‐panel detector, the large‐area A2MnBr4 screen (900 cm2) with excellent uniformity is blade‐coated at 60 °C. Theoretical calculations and in situ measurements reveal that organic cations with larger steric hindrance can slow down the crystallization of the screen, thus neatening the crystal arrangement and reducing the photon scattering. Moreover, larger steric hindrance can also endow the material with higher exciton binding energy, which is beneficial for restraining nonradiative recombination. Therefore, the BPP2MnBr4 (BPP = C25H22P+) screen with larger steric hindrance exhibits a superior spatial resolution (>20 lp mm−1) and ultra‐low detection limit (< 250 nGyair s−1). This is the first time steric hindrance modulation is used in blade‐coated scintillator screens, and it believes this study will provide some guidance for the development of high‐performance manganese halide scintillators.
Promoting social and human factors through a gamified automotive software development environment
Authors: Gasca‐Hurtado Gloria Piedad , Muñoz Mirna , Sameh Samer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGamification is an attractive strategy for different contexts, including software process improvement, where it presents positive results associated with increased factors such as motivation and others classified into social and human factors. Such factors are required to improve software processes in the automotive industry due to the influence of changes in the conditions and the behavior of individuals. However, the treatment of gamification strategies requires rigor at a scientific level. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze critical dimensions such as the gamification maturity level, the ability to intervene, and the influence of social and human factors. Such analysis is motivated by the relationship between social and human factors and the success of a process improvement. The above justifies the researchers' interest in this article in analyzing a gamification strategy implemented in the automotive industry from such dimensions. Therefore, this article presents the analysis from the point of view of developing software‐controlled systems in automobiles. Besides, it uses a deductive approach to conduct this analysis to abstract all the design aspects of a strategy created and implemented in a software development automotive environment. One of the most representative findings of this study is the strategy's capacity to promote SHF, which identifies motivation, commitment, team cohesion, emotional intelligence, and autonomy.
Ultrahigh Energy Storage Performance of BiFeO3‐BaTiO3 Flexible Film Capacitor with High‐Temperature Stability via Defect Design
Authors: Hu Yu‐Qing , Mattursun Abliz , Feng Min , Liu Ning‐Tao , Wang Hao‐Nan , Qu Ke , Deng Xing , Guan Zhao , Yang Zhen‐Zhong , Chen Bin‐Bin , Zhong Ni , Duan Chun‐Gang , Xiang Ping‐Hua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNanoengineering polar oxide films have attracted great attention in energy storage due to their high energy density. However, most of them are deposited on thick and rigid substrates, which is not conducive to the integration of capacitors and applications in flexible electronics. Here, an alternative strategy using van der Waals epitaxial oxide dielectrics on ultra‐thin flexible mica substrates is developed and increased the disorder within the system through high laser flux. The introduction of defects can efficiently weaken or destroy the long‐range ferroelectric ordering, ultimately leading to the emergence of a large numbers of weak‐coupling regions. Such polarization configuration ensures fast polarization response and significantly improves energy storage characteristics. A flexible BiFeO3‐BaTiO3 (BF‐BT) capacitor exhibits a total energy density of 43.5 J cm−3 and an efficiency of 66.7% and maintains good energy storage performance over a wide temperature range (20–200 °C) and under large bending deformation (bending radii ≈ 2 mm). This study provides a feasible approach to improve the energy storage characteristics of dielectric oxide films and paves the way for their practical application in high‐energy density capacitors.
Lubricin‐Inspired Nanozymes Reconstruct Cartilage Lubrication System with an “In‐Out” Strategy
Authors: Du Chengcheng , Chen Zhuolin , Liu Senrui , Liu Jiacheng , Zhan Jingdi , Zou Jing , Liao Junyi , Huang Wei , Lei Yiting 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLubricin, secreted primarily by chondrocytes, plays a critical role in maintaining the function of the cartilage lubrication system. However, both external factors such as friction and internal factors like oxidative stress can disrupt this system, leading to osteoarthritis. Inspired by lubricin, a lubricating nanozyme, that is, Poly‐2‐acrylamide‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt‐grafted aminofullerene, is developed to restore the cartilage lubrication system using an “In‐Out” strategy. The “Out” aspect involves reducing friction through a combination of hydration lubrication and ball‐bearing lubrication. Simultaneously, the “In” aspect aims to mitigate oxidative stress by reducing free radical, increasing autophagy, and improving the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This results in reduced chondrocyte senescence and increased lubricin production, enhancing the natural lubrication ability of cartilage. Transcriptome sequencing and Western blot results demonstrate that it enhances the functionality of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, III, and V, thereby improving mitochondrial function in chondrocytes. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that the lubricating nanozymes reduce cartilage wear, improve chondrocyte senescence, and mitigate oxidative stress damage, thereby mitigating the progression of osteoarthritis. These findings provide novel insights into treating diseases associated with oxidative stress and frictional damage, such as osteoarthritis, and set the stage for future research and development of therapeutic interventions.
Monitoring of compressive strength gain in mass concrete using embedded piezoelectric transducers
Authors: Ai Demi , Chen Chaokun , Zhu Hongping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study extended the electromechanical impedance (EMI) technique to monitor the 28‐day age of strength gain in mass concrete, although it has been validated in strength monitoring of a lab‐scaled concrete specimen. Embedded piezoelectric (PZT) transducer, namely, aluminum embedded PZT (AEP), that was wrapped by two sandwich aluminum pastes was proposed for EMI monitoring. The workability of the AEP was first verified via finite element analysis, where the effect of hydration heat on the EMI signature of the AEP was evaluated via numerical modeling and prior thermal test. In the experiment, totally four AEP transducers arranged at different loci were applied to monitor strength gain in a mass concrete specimen. As a comparison, the maturity method was also performed to estimate the strength of the specimen. Characteristics of EMI signature and its statistical indices including root mean square deviation (RMSD) and mean absolute percentage deviation (MAPD) were analyzed and correlated to strength development in mass concrete. Monitoring results indicated that the AEP transducers were capable of identifying the strength gain of mass concrete. The logarithmic function between the RMSD/MAPD index values and compressive strength perfectly predicted the strength development, which could be further employed for real‐life and in situ applications.
Pilot‐scale evaluation of cascade anaerobic digestion of mixed municipal wastewater treatment sludges
Authors: Zhu Yancong , Yu Daozhong , Koornneef Eddie , Parker Wayne J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work assessed the performance of a pilot‐scale cascade anaerobic digestion (AD) system when treating mixed municipal wastewater treatment sludges. The cascade system was compared with a conventional continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) digester (control) in terms of process performance, stability, and digestate quality. The results showed that the cascade system achieved higher volatile solids removal (VSR) efficiencies (28–48%) than that of the reference (25–41%) when operated at the same solids residence time (SRT) in the range of 11–15 days. When the SRT of the cascade system was reduced to 8 days the VSR (32–36%) was only slightly less than that of the reference digester that was operated at a 15‐day SRT (39–43%). Specific hydrolysis rates in the first stage of the cascade system were 66–152% higher than those of the reference. Additionally, the cascade system exhibited relatively stable effluent concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs: 100–120 mg/l), while the corresponding concentrations in the control effluent demonstrated greater fluctuations (100–160 mg/l). The cascade system's effluent pH and VFA/alkalinity ratios were consistently maintained within the optimal range. During a dynamic test when the feed total solids concentration was doubled, total VFA concentrations (85–120 mg/l) in the cascade system were noticeably less than those (100–170 mg/l) of the control, while the pH and VFA/alkalinity levels remained in a stable range. The cascade system achieved higher total solids (TS) content in the dewatered digestate (19.4–26.8%) than the control (17.4–22.1%), and E. coli log reductions (2.0–4.1 log MPN/g TS) were considerably higher (p < 0.05) than those in the control (1.3–2.9 log MPN/g TS). Overall, operating multiple CSTRs in cascade mode at typical SRTs and mixed sludge ratios enhanced the performance, stability digesters, and digestate quality of AD.Practitioner Points
Enhanced digestion of mixed sludge digestion with cascade system.
Increased hydrolysis rates in the cascade system compared to a reference CSTR.
More stable conditions for methanogen growth at both steady and dynamic states.
Improved dewaterability and E. coli reduction of digestate from the cascade system.
Analysis of the effect of staple line reinforcement on leaking and bleeding after sleeve gastrectomy from the UK National Bariatric Surgery Registry
Authors: Niaz Osamah , Askari Alan , Currie Andrew , McGlone Emma Rose , Zakeri Roxanna , Khan Omar , Welbourn Richard , Pring Chris , Small Peter , Al‐Taan Omer , Mahawar Kamal , Mamidanna Ravikrishna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionSleeve gastrectomy (SG) is currently the most frequently performed procedure for obesity worldwide. Staple line reinforcement (SLR) has been suggested as a strategy to reduce the risk of staple line leak or bleeding; however, its use for SG in the United Kingdom (UK) is unknown. This study examined the effect of SLR on the development of postoperative complications from SG using a large national dataset from the UK.MethodsPatients undergoing either primary or revision SG over 10 years from Jan 2012 to Dec 2021 were identified by the National Bariatric Surgery Registry. Comparative and logistic regression analyses were undertaken to determine the effect of SLR on staple line leak and bleeding.ResultsDuring this time, 14,231 patients underwent SG for whom there were complete data. Of these, 76.5% were female and the median age was 46 years (IQR: 36–53). The rate of surgical complications was 2.3% (n = 219/14,231). The incidence of bleeding was 1.3% (n = 179/14,231) and leak was 1.0% (n = 140/14,231). Over time, the use of SLR of any variety declined significantly from 99.7% in 2012 to 57.3% in 2021 (p < 0.001). Multivariable (adjusted) regression analysis demonstrated that neither the use of nor the type of reinforcement had any effect on the rate of bleeding or leaking.ConclusionSLR for SG has declined in the UK since 2012. There were no differences in staple line leak or bleed with or without reinforcement.
Mitochondrial Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes: Recent Developments on Structure and Function in Health and Disease
Authors: Szabo Eszter , Nagy Balint , Czajlik Andras , Komlodi Timea , Ozohanics Oliver , Tretter Laszlo , Ambrus Attila 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present work delves into the enigmatic world of mitochondrial alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes discussing their metabolic significance, enzymatic operation, moonlighting activities, and pathological relevance with links to underlying structural features. This ubiquitous family of related but diverse multienzyme complexes is involved in carbohydrate metabolism (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex), the citric acid cycle (α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex), and amino acid catabolism (branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, α-ketoadipate dehydrogenase complex); the complexes all function at strategic points and also participate in regulation in these metabolic pathways. These systems are among the largest multienzyme complexes with at times more than 100 protein chains and weights ranging up to ~10 million Daltons. Our chapter offers a wealth of up-to-date information on these multienzyme complexes for a comprehensive understanding of their significance in health and disease.
Towards Improving the Correct Lyric Detection by Deaf and Hard of Hearing People
Authors: Yamamoto Hayato , Fels Deborah , Yasu Keiichi , Hiraga Rumi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccess to music for people who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing (D/HoH) includes the instrumental portion and the lyrics. While closed captioning can provide the lyrics in text format, it does not necessarily provide accurate timing of the lyrics with the instrumental portion. This study aims to clarify how vibrotactile stimuli affect understanding the onset timing of song lyrics for D/HoH people. To achieve this goal, we developed a system called VIBES: VIBrotactile Engagement for Songs that simultaneously provides music and vibration playback as an iPhone app. Unlike other vibrotactile systems for music, which focus primarily on the percussion/beat or frequencies of the instrumental portions, VIBES presents vibrations for the timing of vocal utterances, syllable by syllable. We conducted a study with 10 participants to determine the system’s effectiveness by comparing the understanding of lyric timing with vibration and sound only. Statistically, one of the four songs in the experiment showed significant differences, where understanding lyric timing with vibration is better than in sound-only conditions. Two songs revealed the opposite results, and the other showed no differences between the two conditions. Although these results were unexpected, we obtained several findings to make the next version of VIBES, such as the frequency of vibrations.
PDF Accessibility in International Academic Publishers
Authors: Pierrès Oriane , Schmitt-Koopmann Felix , Darvishy Alireza 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcademic articles are commonly published in Portable Document Format (PDF). However, for many people with visual impairments, PDF formats present significant accessibility issues. This study addresses two research questions: 1) To what extent are PDFs in prominent academic repositories accessible? and 2) To what extent are accessibility issues in academic articles known and addressed by repositories? To answer these questions, 8,000 PDFs from four prominent repositories (Springer, Elsevier, ACM, and Wiley) were retrieved and were automatically analysed according to accessibility criteria based on the Matterhorn Protocol. Additionally, a quantitative content analysis was performed on the submission guidelines of repositories to determine the degree to which accessibility is considered in document creation. Results suggest that most PDFs were not tagged in spite of the fact that some repositories included accessibility in their general author guidelines. This paper concludes with recommendations to improve the accessibility of papers in academic repositories.
Visual Reconstruction of Irregular Crack in Austenitic Stainless Steel Based on ACFM Technique
Authors: Yuan Xin’an , Li Wei , Zhao Jianming , Yin Xiaokang , Li Xiao , Zhao Jianchao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFor the advantages of corrosion resistance, high toughness and plasticity, the austenitic stainless steel is widely used in the petrochemical special equipment and offshore structure. The austenitic stainless steel usually services in high temperature, high pressure and corrosive medium environment. Various types of irregular cracks are easily introduced in the surface of the austenitic stainless steel, which threats the safety of the structure. Due to the property of non-magnetic, weak conductivity and coarse grain, it is still a challenge to detect and evaluate irregular cracks in the austenitic stainless steel using the nondestructive testing (NDT) method. The visual reconstruction method is presented to detect and evaluate the irregular crack in the austenitic stainless steel based on the alternating current field measurement (ACFM) technique. The austenitic stainless steel irregular crack ACFM finite element simulation model is set up. The distorted electromagnetic field around the irregular crack is analyzed. The vertical direction magnetic field (Magnetic field perpendicular to specimen, called Bz) image gradient field visual reconstruction method is presented to reconstruct the surface profile of the irregular crack. The irregular crack testing experiments are carried out to verify the efficiency of the visual reconstruction method. The results show that the current field induced by the ACFM probe gathers at the tips of the irregular crack in the austenitic stainless steel. The gathered current makes the vertical direction magnetic field Bz distorted. The Bz image gradient field can reflect the location of the gathered current. The surface profile of the irregular crack can be imaged visually and evaluated accurately by the Bz image gradient field visual reconstruction method.
Visual ACFM System Modeling and Optimization for Accurate Measurement of Underwater Cracks
Authors: Yuan Xin’an , Li Wei , Zhao Jianming , Yin Xiaokang , Li Xiao , Zhao Jianchao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlternating current field measurement (ACFM) has been proven to be a promising technique for sizing cracks on underwater structures. Precision and visualization are two big challenges for measuring underwater structure cracks, which is constrained by signal attenuation, interference factor and lags of signal processing. In this paper, an optimum visual ACFM (VACFM) system based on time-constant method (TCM) is proposed for visualization and accurate measurement of underwater structure cracks. Based on optimized results by finite element model (FEM), a novel probe and signal processing system are developed and sealed. Results obtained from crack inspection experiment with TCM show that the VACFM system is able to size the lengths and visually display the profiles of underwater structure cracks. The measuring errors of the crack length increase as the scanning speed increases; it is less than 10% at scanning speed of 3.81 mm/s, and smaller to longer cracks.
Research on High-Precision Evaluation of Crack Dimensions and Profiles Methods for Underwater Structure Based on ACFM Technique
Authors: Yuan Xin’an , Li Wei , Zhao Jianming , Yin Xiaokang , Li Xiao , Zhao Jianchao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe conventional alternating current field measurement (ACFM) technique evaluates the crack dimensions by the distance between Bz peaks and the Bx trough. The interaction of the crack length and depth on the characteristic signals is not considered before, which results in the low accuracy evaluation results of crack dimensions and profiles. In the light of the problems above, the 3D simulation model of ACFM is set up in the underwater environment. The influence rules of the crack length and depth on the characteristic signals are analyzed. On this basis, the two-step interpolation crack dimensions evaluation algorithm and the segmentation interpolation crack profiles reconstruction algorithm are presented to achieve high-precision evaluation of crack dimensions and profiles. The underwater ACFM testing system is set up and the crack detection experiments are carried out. The results show that the crack depth does not affect the distance between the peak and trough of the Bz. The crack length that is shorter than 30 mm affects the trough of the Bx. The two-step interpolation algorithm based on the Bx and Bz can achieve high-precision evaluation of the crack length and depth. The maximum errors of the evaluated length and depth are 3.0 and 7.5% respectively. The segmentation interpolation algorithm based on the Bx can achieve high-precision visual reconstruction of the crack profile. The maximum error of the reconstructed profile is 5.7%.