bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell lineage tracing techniques for the study of brain development and regeneration
Authors: Solek Cynthia M. , Ekker Marc 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCharacterization of the means by which cells are generated and organized to make an organ as complex as the brain is a formidable task. Understanding how adult stem cells give rise to progeny that integrate into the existing structures during regeneration or in response to injury is equally challenging. Lineage tracing techniques are essential to studying cell behaviors such as proliferation, migration and differentiation, since they allow stem or precursor cells to be marked and their descendants followed and characterized over time. Here, we describe some of the key lineage tracing techniques available to date, highlighting advantages and drawbacks and focusing on their application in neural fate mapping. The more traditional methods are now joined by exciting new approaches to provide a vast array of tools at the disposal of neurobiologists.
Alteration of brain volume in IL‐6 overexpressing mice related to autism
Authors: Wei Hongen , Mori Susumu , Hua Kegang , Li Xiaohong 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAbnormal neuroimmune responses have been reported to be associated with autism and could be appropriate targets for pharmacologic intervention. Our previous studies showed that neuroimmune factor, interleukin (IL)‐6, was significantly elevated in the fontal cortex and cerebellum of autistic subjects. The IL‐6 overexpressing mice displayed several autism‐like features as well as an abnormal dendritic spine morphology and synaptic function. The purpose of this study was to examine the volumetric differences in the brain of IL‐6 overexpressing mice and compare with corresponding control mice using magnetic resonance imaging. Here we show that IL‐6 overexpressing mice display an increase in the total brain volume. In addition, the lateral ventricle is also enlarged in the IL‐6 overexpressing mice. The brain structures surrounding the lateral ventricle were squeezed and deformed from the normal location. These results indicate that IL‐6 elevation in the brain could mediate neuroanatomical abnormalities. Taking together with our previous findings, a mechanism by which IL‐6 may be involved in the pathogenesis of autism is proposed.
Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in Asia and the world
Authors: Kodani Eitaro , Atarashi Hirotsugu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in persons of advanced age, and it is a potent risk factor for cardiogenic ischemic stroke. The overall prevalence of AF is less than 1%, but in people aged 80 years or older the rate is approximately 7–14% in Western countries and 2–3% in Japan. The number of people with AF has been increasing worldwide as the population has aged, and continued increases in the prevalence and incidence of AF are expected with the aging of society. It is predicted that 5–16 million in the United States and more than 1 million in Japan will be affected by 2050. Therefore, AF is one of important diseases that needs to be managed because it is a common disease in aged populations.
A sedimentary-based history of hurricane strikes on the southern Caribbean coast of Nicaragua
Authors: McCloskey Terrence Allen , Liu Kam-biu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMulti-millennial hurricane landfall records from the western North Atlantic indicate that landfall frequency has varied dramatically over time, punctuated by multi-centennial to millennial scale periods of hyperactivity. We extend the record geographically by presenting a paleostrike record inferred from a four-core transect from a marsh on the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua. Fossil pollen indicates that the site was a highly organic wetland from ~ 5400–4900 cal yr BP, at which time it became a shallow marine lagoon until ~ 2800 cal yr BP when it transitioned back into swamp/marsh, freshening over time, with the present fresh-to-brackish Typha marsh developing over the very recent past. Hurricane Joan, 1988, is recorded as a distinctive light-colored sand–silt–clay layer across the top of the transect, identifiable by abrupt shifts in color from the dark marsh deposits, increased grain size, and two upward-fining sequences, which are interpreted as representing the storm's traction and suspension loads. The six layers identified as hurricane-generated display temporal clustering, featuring a marked increase in landfall frequency ~ 800 cal yr BP. This pattern is anti-phase with the activity pattern previously identified from the northern Caribbean and the Atlantic coast of North America, thereby opposing the view that hyperactivity occurs simultaneously across the entire basin.
Relationship between Degenerative Bone Changes of Condylar Surface and Articular Disc Disorders in Symptomatic Osteoarthrosis of Temporomandibular Joints
Authors: Honda Kousuke , Natsumi Yoshiko , Urade Masahiro 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose: We investigate the relation of bone changes of the condylar surface to disc displacement and discuss the development of joint symptoms in osteoarthrosis of temporomandibular (TM) joints.Subjects and Methods: Seventy‐seven patients with an image diagnosis of degenerative bone changes of the unilateral condylar surface accompanied with joint symptoms were studied. The bone changes were assessed by panoramic radiographs and classified into two groups: pathologic bone changes (PBC) including erosion, osteophyte and deformity, and adaptive bone changes (ABC) including flattening and concavity. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on the subjective TM joints to examine the configuration and position of articular discs. A visual analogue scale was used for evaluation of joint pain.Results: Erosion and deformity showed significantly higher prevalence than the other three kinds of bone changes in the joints with anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADWoR) as compared to those with anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADWR). The cases with the vertical disc position to the condyle ranging from 60° to less than 150° were more frequent than those ranging from 0° to less than 60° in the PBC group, whereas the cases with the vertical disc position to the condyle ranging from 0° to less than 6° were more frequent than those ranging from 60° to less than 150° in the ABC group. The average degree of joint pain when chewing but not jaw opening was higher in the joints with ADWoR than in those with ADWR, and in the PBC group than in the ABC group.Conclusion: The bone changes of the condylar surface diagnosed as PBC tended to induce more advanced disc displacement and chewing pain than those diagnosed as ABC.
Alterations in G1 Phase Cell Cycle Regulation during the Development of Benzo[a]pyrene‐induced Epithelial Dysplasia in the Murine Tongue
Authors: Ota‐Sanada Misaki , Ito Daisuke , Ming‐Heng Li , Odani Takeshi , Kawamata Ai , Iwase Masayasu , Nagumo Masao 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe environmental contaminant benz[a]pyren (B[a]P) has been regarded as one of the pathogens of oral premalignant and malignant lesions. To elucidate the pathogenesis of oral premalignancies, B[a]P‐induced dysplasia of the murine tongue was investigated for G1‐associated cell cycle regulation. B[a]P solution was applied orally up to six weeks to induce epithelial dysplasia of the tongue. BrdU incorporation and the expression of p21, cyclin D1, and CDK4 were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Rb phosphorylation and E2F‐Rb binding were examined by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. B[a]P treatment resulted in dysplastic changes and active DNA synthesis in the tongue epithelia. Immunohistochemical analyses showed p21 up‐regulation and cyclin D1/CDK4 overexpression in B[a]P‐induced dysplasia. Rb hyperphosphorylation and E2F release were caused by B[a]P treatment. Thus, dysregulation of G1‐phase regulation is likely to be an important event in the development of oral epithelial dysplasia in mice.
Nodular Fasciitis in the Buccal Mucosa : A Case Report
Authors: Ikebe Tetsuro , Ogata Yuichi , Yasuo Takamune , Ota Kazutoshi , Obayashi Takehisa , Shinohara Masanori 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA case of nodular fasciitis which arose from the buccal submucosal region is reported. One week after an incisional biopsy, the lesion enlarged alarmingly and protruded from the submucosa. Although a sarcoma was suspected because of rapid growth, the diagnosis of the biopsy was nodular fasciitis showing a haphazard arrangement of plump fibroblasts without atypical mitoses. After complete resection, no signs of recurrence were seen.
Scintigraphic Evaluation of Patients with Malignant Tumor of the Head and Neck by Thallium‐201‐chloride(Tl‐201)Scintigraphy
Authors: Sato Tsuyoshi , Kawabata Yoshihiro , Indo Hiroko , Suenaga Shigeaki , Kawano Kazunori , Iwashita Yoichiro , Morita Yasuhiko , Majima Hideyuki J , Sugihara Kazumasa , Tamotsu Mimura 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of thallium‐201‐chloride (Tl‐201) scintigraphy for the examination of patients with tumors of the head and neck, and to estimate the correlation of the expression of Na+/K+‐ATPase with Tl‐201 scintigraphy. Tl‐201 scintigraphy was performed in 61 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 10 patients with benign tumors of the salivary gland. The tumor retention index was obtained from the early and delayed dynamic Tl‐201 scintigraphies. The expression of Na+/K+ ‐ATPase on the cell membrane was evaluated immunohistochemically. Evaluation of correlations between the histopathological tissue differentiation of tumors, the tumor retention index of Tl‐201 scintigraphy and the expression of Na+/K+‐ATPase was performed. The tumor retention index of Tl‐201 scintigraphy correlated well with the histopathological tissue differentiation of tumors and also showed a good correlation with the expression of Na+/K+‐ATPase. In addition, the expression of Na+/K+‐ATPase demonstrated a close correlation with the histopathological tissue differentiation of malignant tumors. The tumor retention index could be used for the differentiation of malignant tumors from benign tumors and the expression of Na+/K+‐ATPase was estimated as one of the most important factors for Tl‐201 accumulation in malignant tumors.
Radiological Morphometric Analysis of the Mandibular Bone Structure after Ovariectomy in Mature Cynomolgus Monkeys
Authors: Asai Hideomi , Kozai Yusuke , Matsumoto Yukiko , Kawamata Ryota , Kumasaka Satsuki , Sakurai Takashi , Kashima Isamu 
Published: August 2012

Abstract【 Purpose】The effects of experimental osteoporosis on the trabecular bone structure of the mandible in cynomolgus monkeys were examined by radiological bone morphometric analysis. 【Methods】Ovariectomy（ OVX）was performed on twelve 10‐year‐old female cynomolgus monkeys, which were fed a controlled diet for 2 years. Twelve monkeys in a sham control group were fed under the same conditions. Using a microfocus tube and computed radiography, the removed mandibular bone samples were imaged by standardized magnification radiography, and two‐dimensional digital imaging data were obtained. The structural parameters, such as skeletal area, perimeter, number, complexity, continuity and anisotropy, were measured using radiological bone morphometric analysis. The bone mineral density（BMD）was measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry. The width of the cortical bone was measured using magnified radiographic images. 【Results】There were no significant differences between the OVX and the sham control groups in the skeletal structure indicated by the skeletal volume, number, width, perimeter, complexity, continuity, separation and spacing. However, there were significant differences between the two groups in the BMD of the mandibular body, cortical bone width, anisotropy and some parameters of the skeletal continuity. Among these parameters, the difference in the thinning of the cortical bone was most significant. 【 Conclusions】Using two‐dimensional digital radiographic image data, this study suggests that the cortical bone width is more useful than the trabecular bone structure as the morphologic parameter for diagnosis of osteoporosis in the mandibular body
Secondary Reconstruction of Mandibular Depression Deformity with Pedicled Latissimus Dorsi Myocutaneous Flap
Authors: Ikebe Tetsuro , Ota Kazutoshi , Maki Masahiro , Nomura Tomoko , Shinohara Masanori 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWhen secondary reconstruction is required in the head and neck region where a primary operation was performed before, it is important to select a flap which is not only suitable for the purpose, but also can be transferred more safely. In the present case, a female patient, 33 years old, complained of depression deformity around the left mandibular region. She had undergone segmental mandibulectomy coupled with radical neck dissection because of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the left submandibular gland 12 years ago. The deformity was thought to be mainly due to the deficiency of subdermal soft tissue. The insertion of a denuded and folded pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap into the submandibular space satisfactorily restored the depressed mandibular contour. The pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap can acquire a bulkiness by being folded, whose atrophy is tolerable for a long period, and is safe for secondary reconstruction.
Antisense Ets‐1 Transfection Restrains Oral Cancer Invasion by Reducing Matrix Metalloproteinase Activities
Authors: Taguchi Chihiro , Ohnishi Yuichi , Kakudo Kenji 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEts‐1 is an Ets family transcription factor, can up‐regulate the transcription of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes and confers an invasive phenotype on human cancer cells. HSC3 is an oral squamous cell carcinoma‐derived cell line, and it manifests high levels of Ets‐1 and MMP‐9 gene expression that are associated with invasive potential. In this study, we investigated the effect of Ets‐1 on the invasive properties of oral cancer from a molecular biological perspective. We constructed an Ets‐1 antisense (AS) expression vector, transfected HSC3 cells with the vector, and obtained HSC3AS cells that express Ets‐1 AS RNA. The expression of Ets‐1 and MMP‐9 was analyzed with RT‐PCR. The invasive ability of the HSC3AS cells was determined using a matrigel invasion assay and MMP‐9 production was measured using gelatin zymography. The amount of Ets‐1 mRNA was significantly reduced in HSC3AS cells compared with parental HSC3 cells and the control transfected with empty vector. Matrigel invasion assay revealed that the HSC3AS cells had lower invasive ability. Gelatin zymography demonstrated that HSC3AS MMP‐9 productions were decreased compared with those of parental HSC3 cells and the control. These results imply that transfection of AS Ets‐1 inhibits oral cancer invasion by down‐regulating MMP‐9 genes.
Involvement of Chemokine Receptor 4/Stromal Cell‐derived Factor 1 System in Human Salivary Gland Carcinoma Motility
Authors: Sachiya Suzuki , Akiyuki Maeda , Masayoshi Miura , Satoru Ozeki 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSalivary gland carcinoma such as adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is characterized by slow growth, diffuse invasion and lung metastasis, which determine the patient’s prognosis. It is important to clarify an attractant molecule leading tumor cells to migrate. We examined the effects of stromal cell‐derived factor (SDF)‐1, a chemokine, on salivary gland carcinoma cell clone HSG and its subclone HSG‐AZA3. SDF‐1 promoted the invasion and migration of HSG and HSG‐AZA3 cells dose‐dependently. Immunocytostaining and RT‐PCR indicated that HSG and HSG‐AZA3 cells expressed SDF‐1 receptor, CXCR4, both in protein and mRNA level, respectively. CXCR4 was present on the cell surface of HSG cells, and was downregulated by SDF‐1 addition. Finally, we confirmed that CXCR4 was expressed in the tissue of AdCC. Our study suggests that SDF‐1 and CXCR4 play a role in the migration of carcinoma of salivary gland origin.
Bone Mineral Density in Hemifacial Microsomia
Authors: Yamaoka Minoru , Nakamura Masaaki , Okafuji Norimasa , Yasuda Kouichi , Naramoto Hiroko , Shiba Toshikazu , Uematsu Takashi , Kurihara Saburo , Furusawa Kiyofumi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe aimed to assess whether patients with hemifacial microsomia can be quantitatively identified using bone mineral density information. Mandibular bone mineral density was studied using computer assisted analysis between the nonaffected (r) and the affected (l) sides with an orthopantomograph in a patient with hemifacial microsomia with median mandibular cleft, and four patients who suffered from hemifacial microsomia in the left side. Fifty controls without bone diseases were randomly selected.Bone mineral density r/l ratios in the controls ranged from 0.479 to 2.064, and those in two patients that were associated with and without median mandibular cleft were higher than those in the controls, with a maximum of 8.622 in a particular male with median mandibular cleft after bone graft, whereas the r/l ratios in the other three cases were similar to the controls. Our findings indicate that the quantitative character in the case with median mandibular cleft reveals a large discrepancy of bone mineral density between the nonaffected and the affected sides. This may suggest a compensatory mechanism for bone hypertrophy from regulated bone mineral density with underdevelopment in hemifacial microsomia.
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Toda Katsuhiro 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTrigeminal neuralgia (TN) causes sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief stabbing recurrent pains in the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. Radiological examination is not required, however, patient interview and physical examination are necessary for diagnosis alone. When a patient is diagnosed with TN, an MRI is recommended to exclude tumor, cyst or multiple sclerosis, irrespective of the patient's age. From the etiological viewpoint, TN is classified into primary or idiopathic TN and secondary or symptomatic TN. From the symptomatic viewpoint, TN is classified into typical TN and atypical TN. Atypical TN, trigeminal neuropathy, pretrigeminal neuralgia, and short‐lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) are also described.
Expression of Copper Efflux Transporter (ATP7B) in the Transport of Cisplatin in Cell Lines Derived From Invasive Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yoshizawa Kunio , Nozaki Shinichi , Kitahara Hiroko , Ohara Teruhisa , Kato Koroku , Kawashiri Shuichi , Nakagawa Kiyomasa 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntrinsic or acquired resistance to cisplatin (CDDP) is a problem for its use in cancer chemotherapy. This resistance has been reported to correlate with expression of the human copper transporter 1 and two copper export pumps, ATP7A and ATP7B. In the current study, we investigated the correlation between the expression of these transporters and sensitivity to CDDP using four cell lines derived from each of high invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and low invasive OSCC. We found that the amount of CDDP accumulated in high invasive OSCC cell lines (Yamamoto‐Kohama criteria : grade 4C and 4D) with strong intrinsic tolerance was lower than in low invasive OSCC cell lines (grade 3) with weak intrinsic tolerance. Additionally, overexpression of ATP7B mRNA in cell lines derived from high invasive OSCC conferred low sensitivity to CDDP. Furthermore, the accumulation and sensitivity of CDDP was higher in HOC313 cells transfected with the ATP7B siRNA than in cells transfected with the nonsense siRNA. These results suggest that the overexpression of ATP7B results in the export of and, therefore, resistance to CDDP. Furthermore, ATP7B may be a key determinant of the intrinsic resistance to CDDP.
Treatment for Localized Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis of the Maxilla by Corticosteroid Injection: A Case Report
Authors: Nakagawa Yoichi , Idesaki Satoshi , Matsumoto Kameji , Ishibashi Katsunori 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis report describes a case of localized Langerhans' cell histiocytosis which occurred in the maxilla of a 23‐year‐old male. The lesion was treated by an injection of corticosteroids. Corticosteroid treatment for Langerhans' cell histiocytosis of the maxilla is considered to be beneficial because no sequelae remain following the treatment.
Simultaneous Assessment of Cyclin D1 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene Copy Number for Prognostic Factor in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Takahashi Ken‐Ichiro , Uzawa Narikazu , Myo Kunihiro , Okada Norihiko , Amagasa Teruo 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCyclin D1 gene (CCND1) numerical aberrations are independent prognostic indicators of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). High epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) copy number is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer, but such findings are controversial in oral SCCs (OSCCs). We analyzed copy number status in CCND1 and EGFR in OSCC patients and its association with clinical outcome.EGFR and CCND1 statuses were analyzed in 85 OSCC patients by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of specimens obtained by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy.CCND1 numerical aberration was found in 35 of 85 tumors (41%), and aberrant EGFR copy number was observed in 36 (42%). Gene amplification (GA) was dominant among CCND1 copy number changes (14/35:40%). Balanced trisomy (BT) was the most frequently observed EGFR aberration (17/36:47%). In a multivariate Cox’s proportional hazards analysis, CCND1 GA was correlated with disease‐free survival (P < 0.001), whereas EGFR BT was significantly correlated with overall survival (P = 0.001). Patients with a combination of CCND1 GA and/or EGFR BT had significantly poorer clinical outcome.CCND1 and EGFR copy number changes were frequent in OSCC and had differing aberration patterns. CCND1 GA and EGFR BT statuses by dual‐color FISH were the predominant predictors of clinical outcome. Further investigation is needed to determine the implications for EGFR inhibitor therapy in OSCC.
Anti‐demineralizing Potential of Bottled Sugar‐free Green Tea Beverages in vitro
Authors: Mukai Yoshiharu , Kamijo Kazuko , Hirata Yukio , Teranaka Toshio 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of a bottled green tea beverage on dentin demineralization with a demineralization gel system in vitro. Samples were cut from bovine root dentin. Each sample was immersed in 8% methylcellulose gel onto which a layer of green tea beverage was placed. For comparison, sugar‐free coffee beverage, deionized water, and 0.8‐ppm F solutions were used. After two weeks, the treatment solutions were replaced with demineralization solution. The mineral profiles and mineral loss values of the lesions were obtained by transversal microradiography (TMR) after one‐week demineralization. The green tea, coffee, and fluoride solution treatments induced a significantly thicker surface layer when compared with the deionized water treatment. In particular, the mineral volume % of the demineralized dentin specimens treated with green tea was approximately seven times higher than that of the de‐ionized water treatment. The green tea treatment showed significantly lower mineral loss than the other three treatments. TMR measurements clearly showed that the sugar‐free bottled green tea beverage inhibited dentin lesion progression, presumably due to the effect of sub‐ppm fluoride levels.