bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Resonance Image Radiomic Reproducibility: The Impact of Preprocessing on Extracted Features from Gross and High-Risk Clinical Tumor Volumes in Cervical Cancer Patients before Brachytherapy
Authors: Sadeghi Mahdi , Abdalvand Neda , Mahdavi Seied Rabi , Abdollahi Hamid , Qasempour Younes , Mohammadian Fatemeh , Birgani Mohammad Javad Tahmasebi , Hosseini Khadijeh , Hazbavi Maryam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Radiomic feature reproducibility assessment is critical in radiomics-based image biomarker discovery. This study aims to evaluate the impact of preprocessing parameters on the reproducibility of magnetic resonance image (MRI) radiomic features extracted from gross tumor volume (GTV) and high-risk clinical tumor volume (HR-CTV) in cervical cancer (CC) patients.

Methods:
This study included 99 patients with pathologically confirmed cervical cancer who underwent an MRI prior to receiving brachytherapy. The GTV and HR-CTV were delineated on T2-weighted MRI and inputted into 3D Slicer for radiomic analysis. Before feature extraction, all images were preprocessed to a combination of several parameters of Laplacian of Gaussian (1 and 2), resampling (0.5 and 1), and bin width (5, 10, 25, and 50). The reproducibility of radiomic features was analyzed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results:
Almost all shapes and first-order features had ICC values > 0.95. Most second-order texture features were not reproducible (ICC < 0.95) in GTV and HR-CTV. Furthermore, 20% of all neighboring gray-tone difference matrix texture features had ICC > 0.90 in both GTV and HR-CTV.

Conclusion:
The results presented here showed that MRI radiomic features are vulnerable to changes in preprocessing, and this issue must be understood and applied before any clinical decision-making. Features with ICC > 0.90 were considered the most reproducible features. Shape and first-order radiomic features were the most reproducible features in both GTV and HR-CTV. Our results also showed that GTV and HR-CTV radiomic features had similar changes against preprocessing sets.
Serum ferritin and the risk of early-onset colorectal cancer
Authors: Urback Adam L , Martens Kylee , McMurry Hannah Stowe , Chen Emerson Y , Citti Caitlin , Sharma Anil , Kardosh Adel , Shatzel Joseph J 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is rising in the United States, and is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Low serum ferritin is often incidentally discovered in young adults, however, the indication for endoscopy in EO-CRC is unclear.
AIM
To compare serum ferritin between patients with EO-CRC and healthy controls (HCs), and examine the association of serum ferritin in EO-CRC with patient- and disease-specific characteristics.
METHODS
A retrospective study of patients < 50 years with newly-diagnosed EO-CRC was conducted from 1/2013-12/2023. Patients were included if serum ferritin was measured within 2 years prior to 1 year following CRC histologic diagnosis. To supplement the analysis, a cohort of HCs meeting similar inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified for comparison. A sensitivity analysis including only patients with serum ferritin obtained at or before diagnosis was separately performed to minimize risk of confounding.
RESULTS
Among 85 patients identified with EO-CRC (48 females), the median serum ferritin level was 26 ng/mL (range < 1-2759 ng/mL). Compared to HCs (n = 80211), there were a higher proportion of individuals with EO-CRC with serum ferritin < 20 ng/mL (female 65%, male 40%) versus HCs (female 32.1%, male 7.2%) age 29-39 years (P = 0.002 and P < 0.00001, respectively). Stage IV disease was associated with significantly higher serum ferritin compared to less advanced stages (P < 0.001). Serum ferritin obtained before or at the time of diagnosis was lower than levels obtained after diagnosis. Similar findings were confirmed in the sensitivity analysis.
CONCLUSION
Severe iron deficiency may indicate an increased risk of EO-CRC, particularly at earlier stages. Further studies defining the optimal serum ferritin threshold and routine incorporation of serum ferritin in screening algorithms is essential to develop more effective screening strategies for EO-CRC.
Efficacy of chemotherapy containing bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer according to programmed cell death ligand 1
Authors: Kang Shin Woo , Lim Sung Hee , Kim Min-Ji , Lee Jeeyun , Park Young Suk , Lim Ho Yeong , Kang Won Ki , Kim Seung Tae 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Bevacizumab, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody, inhibits angiogenesis and reduces tumor growth. Serum VEGF-C, lactate dehydrogenase, and inflammatory markers have been reported as predictive markers related to bevacizumab treatment. Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) could act upon VEGF receptor 2 to induce cancer cell angiogenesis and metastasis.
AIM
To investigate the efficacy of bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) according to the expression of PD-L1.
METHODS
This analysis included CRC patients who received bevacizumab plus FOLFOX or FOLFIRI as first-line therapy between June 24, 2014 and February 28, 2022, at Samsung Medical Center (Seoul, South Korea). Analysis of patient data included evaluation of PD-L1 expression by the combined positive score (CPS). We analyzed the efficacy of bevacizumab according to PD-L1 expression status in patients with CRC.
RESULTS
A total of 124 patients was included in this analysis. Almost all patients were treated with bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI or FOLFOX as the first-line chemotherapy. While 77% of patients received FOLFOX, 23% received FOLFIRI as backbone first-line chemotherapy. The numbers of patients with a PD-L1 CPS of 1 or more, 5 or more, or 10 or more were 105 (85%), 64 (52%), and 32 (26%), respectively. The results showed no significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) with bevacizumab treatment between patients with PD-L1 CPS less than 1 and those with PD-L1 CPS of 1 or more (PD-L1 < 1% vs PD-L1 ≥ 1%; PFS: P = 0.93, OS: P = 0.33), between patients with PD-L1 CPS less than 5 and of 5 or more (PD-L1 < 5% vs PD-L1 ≥ 5%; PFS: P = 0.409, OS: P = 0.746), and between patients with PD-L1 CPS less than 10 and of 10 or more (PD-L1 < 10% vs PD-L1 ≥ 10%; PFS: P = 0.529, OS: P = 0.568).
CONCLUSION
Chemotherapy containing bevacizumab can be considered as first-line therapy in metastatic CRC irrespective of PD-L1 expression.
Expression and significant roles of the long non-coding RNA CASC19/miR-491-5p/HMGA2 axis in the development of gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Li-Xiang , Luo Pan-Quan , Wei Zhi-Jian , Xu A-Man , Guo Tao 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor, long non-coding RNA and microRNA (miRNA) are important regulators that affect tumor proliferation, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance, and thus participate in tumor progression. CASC19 is a new bio-marker which can promote tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanism by which CASC19 affects the progression of GC through miRNA is not clear.
AIM
To explore the role of the CASC19/miR-491-5p/HMGA2 regulatory axis in GC.
METHODS
To explore the expression and prognosis of CASC19 in GC through clinical samples, and investigate the effects of inhibiting CASC19 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and other functions of GC cells through cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), ethynyldeoxyuridine, Wound healing assay, Transwell, Western blot and flow cytometry experiments. The effect of miR-491-5p and HMGA2 in GC were also proved. The regulatory relationship between CASC19 and miR-491-5p, miR-491-5p and HMGA2 were validated through Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and reverse transcription PCR. Then CCK-8, Transwell, Wound healing assay, flow cytometry and animal experiments verify the role of CASC19/miR-491-5p/HMGA2 regulatory axis.
RESULTS
The expression level of CASC19 is related to the T stage, N stage, and tumor size of patients. Knockdown of the expression of CASC19 can inhibit the ability of proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT conversion of GC cells, and knocking down the expression of CASC19 can promote the apoptosis of GC cells. Increasing the expression of miR-491-5p can inhibit the proliferation of GC cells, miR-491-5p mimics can inhibit EMT conversion, and promote the apoptosis of GC cells, while decreasing the expression of miR-491-5p can promote the proliferation and EMT conversion and inhibit the apoptosis of GC cells. The expression of HMGA2 in GC tissues is higher than that in adjacent tissues. At the same time, the expression level of HMGA2 is related to the N and T stages of the patients. Reducing the level of HMGA2 can promote cell apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of GC cells. Cell experiments and animal experiments have proved that CASC19 can regulates the expression of HMGA2 through miR-491-5p, thereby affecting the biological functions of GC.
CONCLUSION
CASC19 regulates the expression of HMGA2 through miR-491-5p to affect the development of GC. This axis may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target of GC.
Dysbiosis promotes recurrence of adenomatous polyps in the distal colorectum
Authors: Yin Li-Li , Qi Ping-Qian , Hu Yun-Fei , Fu Xiao-Jun , He Rui-Shan , Wang Meng-Meng , Deng Yan-Juan , Xiong Su-Yi , Yu Qi-Wen , Hu Jin-Ping , Zhou Lv , Zhou Zhi-Bin , Xiong Ying , Deng Huan 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Colorectal polyps, which are characterized by a high recurrence rate, represent preneoplastic conditions of the intestine. Due to unclear mechanisms of pathogenesis, first-line therapies for non-hereditary recurrent colorectal polyps are limited to endoscopic resection. Although recent studies suggest a mechanistic link between intestinal dysbiosis and polyps, the exact compositions and roles of bacteria in the mucosa around the lesions, rather than feces, remain unsettled.
AIM
To clarify the composition and diversity of bacteria in the mucosa surrounding or 10 cm distal to recurrent intestinal polyps.
METHODS
Mucosal samples were collected from four patients consistently with adenomatous polyps (Ade), seven consistently with non-Ade (Pol), ten with current Pol but previous Ade, and six healthy individuals, and bacterial patterns were evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing. Linear discriminant analysis and Student’s t -tests were used to identify the genus-level bacteria differences between groups with different colorectal polyp phenotypes. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the correlation between intestinal bacteria at the genus level and clinical indicators.
RESULTS
The results confirmed a decreased level of probiotics and an enrichment of pathogenic bacteria in patients with all types of polyps compared to healthy individuals. These changes were not restricted to the mucosa within 0.5 cm adjacent to the polyps, but also existed in histologically normal tissue 10 cm distal from the lesions. Significant differences in bacterial diversity were observed in the mucosa from individuals with normal conditions, Pol, and Ade. Increased abundance of Gram-negative bacteria, including Klebsiella , Plesiomonas , and Cronobacter , was observed in Pol group and Ade group, suggesting that resistance to antibiotics may be one risk factor for bacterium-related harmful environment. Meanwhile, age and gender were linked to bacteria changes, indicating the potential involvement of sex hormones.
CONCLUSION
These preliminary results support intestinal dysbiosis as an important risk factor for recurrent polyps, especially adenoma. Targeting specific pathogenic bacteria may attenuate the recurrence of polyps.
Current trends and hotspots of depressive disorders with colorectal cancer: A bibliometric and visual study
Authors: Yan Zi-Wei , Liu Ying-Nan , Xu Qian , Yuan Yuan 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Depression is strongly associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Few bibliometric analyses have systematically summarized the research focus and recent progress in this field.
AIM
To determine the research status and hotspots by bibliometric analysis of relevant publications on the relationship between CRC and depression.
METHODS
Articles on depression in CRC patients were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to visualize bibliometric networks.
RESULTS
From 2001 to 2022, Supportive Care in Cancer , the United States, Tilburg University, and Mols were the most productive and influential journal, country, institution, and author name. Co-occurrence cluster analysis of keywords placed quality of life, anxiety, and psychological stress in the center of the visual network diagram. Further clustering was performed for the clusters with studies of the relevant mechanism of action, which showed that: (1) Cytokines have a role essential for the occurrence and development of depressive disorders in CRC; (2) MicroRNAs have a role essential for the development of depressive disorders in CRC; (3) Some anticancer drugs have pro-depressant activity; and (4) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have both antitumor and antidepressant activity.
CONCLUSION
Life quality and psychological nursing of the cancer population were key topics. The roles of cytokines and microRNAs, the pro-depression activity of anticancer drugs and their antitumor properties deserve in-depth study.
Predictors of Resolution of Meningitis Symptoms in Tuberculous Meningitis: A Clinical, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Biomarker Study
Authors: Pandey Prakash C. , Kalita Jayantee , Shukla Ruchi 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT.
In tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the meningeal symptoms and their resolution after treatment may be dependent on clinical-radiological severity, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and proinflammatory cytokines, and these findings may be associated with outcome. There is a paucity of studies on the resolution of meningitis symptoms in TBM. We report on associations of clinical, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), laboratory, and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin 6 (IL-6)] findings with the resolution of meningitis symptoms (RMS), and the impact of RMS duration on the outcome in TBM. Seventy-one patients with TBM were included, and their clinical, laboratory, and MRI findings at baseline were recorded. mRNA profiling of TNF-α and IL-6 was done by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The day of RMS (fever, headache, and vomiting) after treatment was noted. Predictors of long duration of RMS (>3 weeks) were evaluated by univariate followed by multivariate analysis. The impact of RMS on 6-month mortality and outcome was analyzed. Patients’ median age was 25 years, and 45 (63.4%) were males. After antitubercular treatment, meningeal symptoms resolved in 35 (50.70%) by 21 days and in 90% of patients by 49 days. Longer time of RMS was associated with TBM stage, pretreatment duration, seizure, and hydrocephalus but not with TNF-α and IL-6. Seven (9.8%) patients died at 6 months, and duration of RMS predicted death (hazard ratio = 25.55, 95% CI: 1.108–589.40; P = 0.04).
Sikap Kemandirian Remaja Broken Home Dengan Tidak Selalu Mengidealkan Orang Tuanya Di Kelurahan Cilangkap Jakarta Timur
Authors: Prayuda Sandro , Esterillita Mari 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai Sikap kemandirian Remaja Broken Home Dengan Tidak Selalu Mengidealkan Orang Tuanya Di Kelurahan Cilangkap Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif hasil penelitian dituliskan secara deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah diketahui jika para remaja dengan latar belakang broken home di Kelurahan Cilangkap, Jakarta Timur sudah tidak menganggap orang tua sebagai sosok yang selamanya benar dalam mengambil sikap, serta sudah mampu untuk mulai melepas ketergantungannya kepada orang tua dan mempunyai sikap tanggung jawab
Emerging Artificial Intelligence In Therapeutic Agreements With A Medicolegal Approach
Authors: Dewantara Reka , Pandansari Rekyan 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Medical services use artificial intelligence for operating to help and even transform the healthcare system. AI innovators have developed tools to improve clinical care processes, advance medical research, and increase efficiency in medical services.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this article is to analyse the legal validity of therapeutic agreements using AI in medical field.Methods of the Research: The research method used is a normative juridical research type with an analytical approach.Results of the Research: The results show that medical services are complex and closely related systems, and always contain risks, so they must be carried out with great care. Legal provisions governing the use of AI in therapeutic agreements with a medicolegal approach must be able to evaluate and ensure the safety and accuracy of medical decisions made by AI "thinking algorithms".
A Reconciliation with Reality and Self-preservation
Authors: Li Jasmine-Sixian , Massand Nancy 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The untimely loss of a loved one is an excruciating ordeal. Renowned Victorian Scottish writer George MacDonald was obliged to face the recurring early deaths of family members all his lifetime. Drawing from the background of Victorian literature and his working experience in church, he forges a reconciliation with reality and realizes his self-preservation through religion. His masterpiece, At the Back of the North Wind, is the reflection of his life sufferings, inner world, and way of reconciliation with reality. By examining the characterization of Diamond and North Wind, two leading characters in the book, and the employment of his unique literary technique, this article aims to reveal his motivation in portraying the protagonist of the book—Diamond, a poor little boy living in London, and conclude MacDonald’s means of self-preservation, i.e., interpretation of early death: those who pass away at a young age are angels from heaven. After fulfilling their earthly missions, they return to a better realm they inherently belong to—Heaven. Hence, earthly life is only a fragment of human beings’ existence. MacDonald’s coming to terms with bereavement while facing death holds practical significance today, especially for the people suffering from the loss of loved ones during the COVID-19 pandemic.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM LOÉT GIÁC MẠC DO NẤM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN MẮT NGHỆ AN NĂM 2022
Authors: Trần Tất Thắng , Văn Thị Lan Phương , Lê Trần Hoài 
Published: August 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị bệnh viêm loét giác mạc do nấm và tìm hiểu một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến kết quả điều trị. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu, có can thiệp lâm sàng, không đối chứng trên 24 mắt của 24 bệnh điều trị bệnh viêm loét giác mạc do nấm tại Bệnh viện Mắt Nghệ An từ tháng tháng 01/2022 đến tháng 10/2022. Kết quả: Thời gian điều trị trung bình của bệnh nhân trong nghiên cứu là 18.54 ± 1.29 ngày, phần lớn bệnh nhân có thời gian điều trị trong khoảng từ 2 đến 4 tuần chiếm 62.5%. Kết quả điều thành công chiếm 91.7%, có 2 trường hợp thất bại điều trị chiếm 8.3%, điều trị nội khoa đơn thuần chiếm 33%. Phần lớn bệnh nhân cần điều trị phối hợp với phương pháp ngoại khoa, chiếm 67%. Không tìm thấy sự liên quan giữa nhóm tuổi và kết quả điều trị sau 1 tuần và 1 tháng với (p>0.05). Có sự tương quan thuận giữa thời gian mắc bệnh và kết quả ra viện ở thời điểm 1 tuần, 1 tháng (r = 0.410-0,501). Có sự tương quan thuận khá chặt chẽ giữa mức độ ổ loét và kết quả ra viện ở thời điểm 1 tuần, 1 tháng (r = 0.467-0.725).
INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO: ANÁLISE DA MORTALIDADE DA DOENÇA NAS REGIÕES BRASILEIRAS, ENTRE 2019 A 2021
Authors: Darwiche Gabriela , Micheletto Lara Canato , Leczko Mariana Tomasetto , Palaoro Gabriela Stefanello , Almeida Rui Manuel de Sousa Sequeira Antunes de 
Published: August 2024

Introdução: Analisar a mortalidade por infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) nas diferentes regiões brasileiras entre 2019 e 2021 é crucial, destacando dispariedades regionais e fatores como gênero e idade. O IAM é uma condição grave devido a morte das células cardíacas causada pelo bloqueio do fluxo sanguíneo. Se destaca pela alta prevalência e impacto na saúde pública, representando uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade global. Objetivo: O objetivo primário do presente estudo é avaliar a mortalidade por IAM nas diferentes regiões brasileiras, entre 2019 e 2021; Os objetivos secundários são avaliar a mortalidade por IAM por gênero e faixa etária. Material e Método: Estudo bibliográfico quantitativo, onde foram revisados dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) para avaliar a mortalidade de IAM nas regiões brasileiras entre 2019 e 2021, analisando o gênero e faixa etária. Resultados: Após analisar os dados encontrados no DATASUS, independente do ano percebeu-se um maior número de óbitos na região Sudeste com um total de 130.397 de uma população de média 89 milhões de habitantes e um menor número de óbitos na região Norte, totalizando 17.083. Com uma maior prevalência no gênero masculino (59%) e pacientes idosos acima de 60 anos com 215.648 óbitos de um total de 281.834 entre os três anos. Conclusão: A mortalidade por IAM foi mais acometida na região Sudeste entre os anos de 2019 a 2021. Com um maior prevalência em homens, com idade acima de 60 anos.
Mid-Holocene climate at mid-latitudes: assessing the impact of Saharan greening
Authors: Gaetani Marco , Messori Gabriele , Pausata Francesco S. R. , Tiwari Shivangi , Alvarez Castro M. Carmen , Zhang Qiong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. During the first half of the Holocene (11 000 to 5000 years ago), the Northern Hemisphere experienced a strengthening of the monsoonal regime, with climate reconstructions robustly suggesting a greening of the Sahara region. Palaeoclimate archives also show that this so-called African humid period (AHP) was accompanied by changes in climate conditions at middle to high latitudes. However, inconsistencies still exist in reconstructions of the mid-Holocene (MH) climate at mid-latitudes, and model simulations provide limited support in reducing these discrepancies. In this paper, a set of simulations performed using a climate model are used to investigate the hitherto unexplored impact of Saharan greening on mid-latitude atmospheric circulation during the MH. Numerical simulations show Saharan greening has a year-round impact on the main circulation features in the Northern Hemisphere, especially during boreal summer (when the African monsoon develops). Key findings include a westward shift in the global Walker Circulation, leading to modifications in the North Atlantic jet stream in summer and the North Pacific jet stream in winter. Furthermore, Saharan greening modifies atmospheric synoptic circulation over the North Atlantic, enhancing the effect of orbital forcing on the transition of the North Atlantic Oscillation phase from predominantly positive to negative in winter and summer. Although the prescription of vegetation in the Sahara does not improve the proxy–model agreement, this study provides the first constraint on the influence of Saharan greening on northern mid-latitudes, opening new opportunities for understanding MH climate anomalies in regions such as North America and Eurasia.