bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epic and Mock Epic
Authors: Venturo David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines how John Milton redefined epic, and then how John Dryden reshaped aspects of heroism and employed mock epic, before he returned, after losing his public posts, to translate the great Virgilian epic, The Aeneid. Over the course of the seventeenth century, epic evolved in the crucible of Mikhail Bakhtin’s ‘zone of . . . contact’ of civil war, regicide, the republic, and the Restoration from an idealised genre into a vehicle for confronting the reality of martial violence and political subterfuge. Despite Milton’s scorn for Augustan theories of language, he, along with the Augustans, including Dryden and Samuel Butler, transformed epic from a genre celebrating war and martial heroism into something that looks more forthrightly at such violence and its causes.
George Herbert
Authors: Kuchar Gary 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The immediate success of George Herbert’s The Temple (1633) was partly a function of timing. Coinciding with the emergence of a fully mature English Protestant literary culture, Herbert’s collection builds on three remarkable, but controversial, achievements: the English Bible, especially the purposefully non-polemical King James Version, the Book of Common Prayer, and the ongoing development and maintenance of church architecture. To understand the forms and themes of Herbert’s English poetry is to understand them as a response to the spiritual and ideological exigencies to which these three interrelated achievements were themselves an answer. In developing his response to the shifting contexts of early modern Protestantism, Herbert answered to the needs of both a private Bible-centred spirituality as well as a public spirituality rooted in common prayer. The result of his effort is a biblical poetics responsive to the embodied and emplaced nature of religious life as lived in (variously contested forms of) sacred space.
John Milton
Authors: Kilgour Maggie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that the revolutionary transformation of poetic forms marked Milton’s verse throughout his career and, in turn, catalysed future literary developments as diverse as the novel, Romantic poetry, gothic, and science fiction. In his early poetry, Milton experimented with many popular genres: elegies, sonnets, verse letters, hymns, pastoral poems, mock epic, and drama. This period of poetical growth was interrupted by the civil war and Protectorate, and complicated by Milton’s blindness. Yet his last years were aesthetically creative and generically daring, including not just the epic Paradise Lost, but the brief epic Paradise Regain’d and closet drama, Samson Agonistes. Most influentially, Milton rethought a traditional model of epic heroism in a post-war world, replacing war and the male hero with love and the couple as the centre of the epic. Milton’s verse form and characters, especially his loving couple, the compellingly complicated Satan, and the narrator himself, continue to shape poetic innovations today.
Margaret Cavendish and Lucy Hutchinson
Authors: Zimmern Arnaud 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In their respective reimaginings of the Epicurean master-epic De Rerum Natura by the first-century bc poet-philosopher Lucretius, Margaret Cavendish and Lucy Hutchinson challenged seventeenth-century verse innovations such as the single-author anthology and the cavalier poets’ neo-Augustan style to handle tough new inquiries into metaphysics, natural philosophy, and theology. Their lifelong engagements with Lucretius testify not only to the pertinence of his epic across the political and religious divides that fissured late Stuart England, but also to its persistent appeal for ambitious women writers seeking to achieve poetic fame. A rich study in formal and philosophical contrasts that will provide food for thought for generations of scholarship, Cavendish and Hutchinson also expose a common investment in poetic voice, revealing how readily voices of fancy and prophecy could intertwine in a period of growing scepticism.
Aphra Behn and John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester
Authors: Wright Gillian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses and compares two poets often regarded as representing male and female literary perspectives on late seventeenth-century libertine culture. While Aphra Behn and the Earl of Rochester had much in common, not least their permissive attitudes towards sexuality, they differed in many ways, including their generic preferences, their investment in contemporary politics, their use of print and manuscript, and the degree of control each sought to exercise over their literary works. Famously obscene, Rochester’s poetry is characterised by its use of strong narrative voices, variously and always problematically identifiable with the poet himself. The many innovative aspects of Behn’s poetry include her exploration of diverse forms of female sexual experience and her outspoken engagement in royalist politics.
An In-Depth Analysis of 1370 Consecutive Abdominoplasties: Fascial Plication Increases Risk of Venous Thromboembolism, and Scoring for Plication Improves the Caprini Risk Assessment Model
Authors: Restifo Richard J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the most dangerous complication of abdominoplasty. One relatively undefined risk factor is plication, which in theory increases VTE risk.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the thromboembolic risk of plication.

Methods
A retrospective review of 1370 consecutive abdominoplasties by 1 surgeon was undertaken. Two groups were considered, plicated (n = 1089) and nonplicated (n = 281) patients, and VTE rates were compared between these groups.

Results
There were 25 of 1089 cases of VTE (2.3%) in plicated patients and 1 of 281 cases of VTE (0.36%) in nonplicated patients, which was statistically significant (Fisher's exact test, P = .028) despite the nonplicated group being a higher-risk population. Case-control matching yielded 225 pairs which differed statistically only by the presence or absence of plication; there were 12 of 225 (5.3%) VTE events in the plicated group and 0 of 225 in the nonplicated group (McNemar's test, P = .0015). Logistic regression demonstrated increased VTE risk with increasing age (odds ratio [OR] 1.08, P &lt; .001), BMI (OR 1.34, P = .002), Caprini score (OR 2.17, P &lt; .001), and especially plication (OR 16.76, P = .008). Adding 2 points for plication to Caprini scores offered better risk stratification at a level of 7, with an improved combination of sensitivity and specificity (0.31/0.98 vs 0.69/0.96) and a 27% improvement over the 2005 Caprini risk assessment model (RAM) in the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (0.826 vs 0.651, Z value −3.596, P = .003).

Conclusions
Plication was shown to be a powerful risk factor for the development of VTE in abdominoplasty. Abdominal wall plication should be considered in risk assessment, and scoring for plication may improve the performance of the Caprini RAM.

Level of Evidence: 3
Neuronal A2A receptor exacerbates synapse loss and memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Gomez-Murcia Victoria , Launay Agathe , Carvalho Kévin , Burgard Anaëlle , Meriaux Céline , Caillierez Raphaëlle , Eddarkaoui Sabiha , Kilinc Devrim , Siedlecki-Wullich Dolores , Besegher Mélanie , Bégard Séverine , Thiroux Bryan , Jung Matthieu , Nebie Ouada , Wisztorski Maxence , Déglon Nicole , Montmasson Claire , Bemelmans Alexis-Pierre , Hamdane Malika , Lebouvier Thibaud , Vieau Didier , Fournier Isabelle , Buee Luc , Lévi Sabine , Lopes Luisa V , Boutillier Anne-Laurence , Faivre Emilie , Blum David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Early pathological upregulation of adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs), one of the caffeine targets, by neurons is thought to be involved in the development of synaptic and memory deficits in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but mechanisms remain ill-defined. To tackle this question, we promoted a neuronal upregulation of A2AR in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice developing AD-like amyloidogenesis.
Our findings revealed that the early upregulation of A2AR in the presence of an ongoing amyloid pathology exacerbates memory impairments of APP/PS1 mice. These behavioural changes were not linked to major change in the development of amyloid pathology but rather associated with increased phosphorylated tau at neuritic plaques. Moreover, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses coupled with quantitative immunofluorescence studies indicated that neuronal upregulation of the receptor promoted both neuronal and non-neuronal autonomous alterations, i.e. enhanced neuroinflammatory response but also loss of excitatory synapses and impaired neuronal mitochondrial function, presumably accounting for the detrimental effect on memory.
Overall, our results provide compelling evidence that neuronal A2AR dysfunction, as seen in the brain of patients, contributes to amyloid-related pathogenesis and underscores the potential of A2AR as a relevant therapeutic target for mitigating cognitive impairments in this neurodegenerative disorder.
Anaemia and quality of life in chronic kidney disease: a consensus document from the European Anaemia of CKD Alliance
Authors: Dasgupta Indranil , Bagnis Corinne Isnard , Floris Matteo , Furuland Hans , Zurro Daniel Gallego , Gesualdo Loreto , Heirman Nathalie , Minutolo Roberto , Pani Antonello , Portolés José , Rosenberger Christian , Alvarez José Emilio Sánchez , Torres Pablo Ureña , Vanholder Raymond C , Wanner Christoph ,   European Anaemia of aCKD Alliance, Dasgupta Indranil , Bagnis Corinne Isnard , Floris Matteo , Furuland Hans , Zurro Daniel Gallego , Gesualdo Loreto , Minutolo Roberto , Pani Antonello , Portolés José , Rosenberger Christian , Sánchez Alvarez José Emilio , Torres Pablo Ureña , Vanholder Raymond C , Wanner Christoph 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Anaemia is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has a significant impact on quality of life (QoL), work productivity and outcomes. Current management includes oral or intravenous iron and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), to which hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) have been recently added, increasing the available therapeutic options. In randomised controlled trials, only intravenous iron improved cardiovascular outcome, while some ESAs were associated with increased adverse cardiovascular events. Despite therapeutic advances, several challenges and unmet needs remain in the current management of anaemia of CKD. In particular, clinical practice does not include an assessment of QoL, which prompted a group of European nephrologists and representatives of patient advocacy groups to revisit the current approach. In this consensus document, the authors propose a move towards a more holistic, personalised and long-term approach, based on existing evidence. The focus of treatment should be on improving QoL without increasing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events, and tailoring management strategies to the needs of the individual. In addition, the authors discuss the suitability of a currently available anaemia of CKD–specific health-related QoL measure for inclusion in the routine clinical management of anaemia of CKD. The authors also outline the logistics and challenges of incorporating such a measure into electronic health records and how it may be used to improve QoL for people with anaemia of CKD.
Long-term survival analysis of robotic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Kang Chang Hyun , Yun Tae Young , Park Ji Hyeon , Na Bubse , Na Kwon Joong , Park Samina , Lee Hyun Joo , Park In Kyu , Kim Young Tae 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Robotic esophagectomy has improved early outcomes and enhanced the quality of lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer surgery. This study aimed to determine risk factors for long-term survival following robotic esophagectomy and the causes of long-term mortality. We included patients who underwent robotic esophagectomy at our institute between 2010 and 2022. Robotic esophagectomy was defined as a surgical procedure performed robotically in both the abdomen and thorax. Robotic esophagectomy was performed in patients at all stages, including advanced stages, even in patients with stage IV and supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. A total of 340 patients underwent robotic esophagectomy during the study period. Ivor−Lewis operation and McKeown operation were performed on 153 (45.0%) and 187 (55.0%) patients, respectively. The five-year survival rates based on clinical stages were as follows: 85.2% in stage I, 62.0% in stage II, 54.5% in stage III, and 40.3% in stage IV. Risk factors for long-term survival included body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, clinical stages, and postoperative complications of grade 4 or higher. Among the cases of long-term mortality, recurrence accounted for 42 patients (61.7%), while non-cancer-related death occurred in 26 patients (38.2%). The most common cause of non-cancer-related death was malnutrition and poor general condition, observed in 11 patients (16.2%). Robotic esophagectomy has demonstrated the ability to achieve acceptable long-term survival rates, even in patients with cervical lymph node metastasis. However, addressing high-grade postoperative complications and long-term malnutrition remains crucial for further improving the long-term survival outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer.
Strain assessment in patients with aortic regurgitation undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: case series
Authors: Bartkowiak Joanna , Agarwal Vratika , Lebehn Mark , Nazif Tamim M , George Isaac , Kodali Susheel K , Vahl Torsten P , Hahn Rebecca T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Limited data exist on strain changes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with aortic regurgitation (AR).

Case summary
Three patients with AR undergoing TAVI showed an initial reduction in global longitudinal strain (GLS), followed by sustained GLS improvement within the first year.

Discussion
Findings align with those of surgically treated patients with AR. There is a possible superiority of GLS to left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ratio in assessing patients with severe volume overload.
Intravascular ultrasound-guided drug-coated balloon angioplasty for femoropopliteal artery disease: a clinical trial
Authors: Ko Young-Guk , Lee Seung-Jun , Ahn Chul-Min , Lee Sang-Hyup , Lee Yong-Joon , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Hong Myeong-Ki , Jang Yangsoo , Kim Tae-Hoon , Park Ha-Wook , Jang Ji Yong , Lee Jae-Hwan , Park Jae-Hyeong , Kim Su Hong , Im Eui , Park Sang-ho , Choi Donghoon ,   IVUS-DCB investigators, Ko Young-Guk , Choi Donghoon , Lee Seung-Jun , Ahn Chul-Min , Lee Sang-Hyup , Lee Yong-Joon , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Hong Myeong-Ki , Jang Yangsoo , Kim Tae-Hoon , Park Ha-Wook , Jang Ji Yong , Lee Jae-Hwan , Park Jae-Hyung , Kim Su Hong , Im Eui , Park Sang-ho , Shin Dong Ho , Ryu Sung Kee , Byun Young Sup , Kim Jung-Sun , Hong Sung-Jin , Jeon Hyuk , Kim Jung-Sun , Baik Sung Il 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) have demonstrated favourable outcomes following endovascular therapy for femoropopliteal artery (FPA) disease. However, uncertainty remains whether the use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) can improve the outcomes of DCBs.

Methods
This prospective, multicentre, randomized trial, conducted at seven centres in South Korea, compared the outcomes of IVUS-guided vs. angiography-guided angioplasty for treating FPA disease with DCBs. Patients were assigned to receive IVUS-guided (n = 119) or angiography-guided (n = 118) angioplasty using DCBs. The primary endpoint was 12-month primary patency.

Results
Between May 2016 and August 2022, 237 patients were enrolled and 204 (86.0%) completed the trial (median follow-up; 363 days). The IVUS guidance group showed significantly higher primary patency [83.8% vs. 70.1%; cumulative difference 19.6% (95% confidence interval 6.8 to 32.3); P = .01] and increased freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization [92.4% vs. 83.0%; difference 11.6% (95% confidence interval 3.1 to 20.1); P = .02], sustained clinical improvement (89.1% vs. 76.3%, P = .01), and haemodynamic improvement (82.4% vs. 66.9%, P = .01) at 12 months compared with the angiography guidance group. The IVUS group utilized larger balloon diameters and pressures for pre-dilation, more frequent post-dilation, and higher pressures for post-dilation, resulting in a greater post-procedural minimum lumen diameter (3.90 ± 0.59 vs. 3.71 ± 0.73 mm, P = .03).

Conclusions
Intravascular ultrasound guidance significantly improved the outcomes of DCBs for FPA disease in terms of primary patency, freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization, and sustained clinical and haemodynamic improvement at 12 months. These benefits may be attributed to IVUS-guided optimization of the lesion before and after DCB treatment.
Digest: Morphological diversity in urban dark-eyed juncos
Authors: Magland Abigail E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Populations living in cities face challenges from these novel environments that are expected to drive evolutionary adaptation. Do separate populations of a species living in different cities show similar adaptations to the selection pressures imposed by urban environments? Diamant and Yeh (2024) address this question by comparing the morphological characteristics of dark-eyed juncos in 3 California cities to non-urban junco morphologies. They find that wing size is consistently smaller in more urbanized environments regardless of the population, but bill size tends to vary between urban populations.
q-discretization of the Kostant–Toda equation and its asymptotic analysis
Authors: Watanabe Ryoto , Shinjo Masato , Yamamoto Yusaku , Iwasaki Masashi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The famous Toda equation is an integrable system related to similarity transformations of tridiagonal matrices. The discrete Toda equation, which is a time-discretization of the Toda equation, is essentially the recursion formula of the quotient-difference (qd) algorithm for computing eigenvalues of tridiagonal matrices. Another time-discretization of the Toda equation is the $q$-discrete Toda equation, which is derived by replacing standard derivatives with the so-called $q$-derivatives that involves a parameter $q$ such that $0&lt;q&lt;1$. In a prior work, we related the $q$-discrete Toda equation to implicit-shift $LR$ transformations (which are similarity transformations) of tridiagonal matrices. Furthermore, we developed the determinantal solution to clarify the convergence as discrete-time goes to infinity. In this paper, we propose an extension of the $q$-discrete Toda equation as a time-discretization of the Kostant–Toda equation and then show the convergence as discrete-time goes to infinity from the perspective of implicit-shift $LR$ transformations of Hessenberg matrices. We also present numerical examples to verify the convergence as discrete-time goes to infinity in the proposed $q$-discrete Kostant–Toda equation.
Hirzebruch–Milnor Classes of Hypersurfaces with Nontrivial Normal Bundles and Applications to Higher du Bois and Rational Singularities
Authors: Maxim Laurenţiu G , Saito Morihiko , Yang Ruijie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We extend the Hirzebruch–Milnor class of a hypersurface $X$ in an ambient complex algebraic manifold to the case where the normal bundle is nontrivial and $X$ cannot be defined by a global function, using the associated line bundle and the graded quotients of the monodromy filtration. The earlier definition requiring a global defining function of $X$ can be applied rarely to projective hypersurfaces with non-isolated singularities. Indeed, it is surprisingly difficult to get a one-parameter smoothing with total space smooth without destroying the singularities by blowing-ups (except certain quite special cases). As an application, assuming the singular locus is a projective variety, we show that the minimal exponent of a hypersurface can be captured by the spectral Hirzebruch–Milnor class, and higher du Bois and rational singularities of a hypersurface are detectable by the unnormalized Hirzebruch–Milnor class. Here the unnormalized class can be replaced by the normalized one in the higher du Bois case, but for the higher rational case, we must use also the decomposition of the Hirzebruch–Milnor class by the action of the semisimple part of the monodromy (which is equivalent to the spectral Hirzebruch–Milnor class). We cannot extend these arguments to the non-projective compact case by Hironaka’s example.
Roots, Trace, and Extendability of Flat Nonnegative Smooth Functions
Authors: Jiang Fushuai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Building on the univariate techniques developed by Ray and Schmidt-Hieber, we study the class $\mathcal{F}^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ of multivariate nonnegative smooth functions that are sufficiently flat near their zeroes, which guarantees that $F^{r}$ has Hölder differentiability $rs$ whenever $F \in \mathcal{F}^{s}$. We then construct a continuous Whitney extension map that recovers an $\mathcal{F}^{s}$ function from prescribed jets. Finally, we prove a Brudnyi–Shvartsman Finiteness Principle for the class $\mathcal{F}^{s}$, thereby providing a necessary and sufficient condition for a nonnegative function defined on an arbitrary subset of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ to be $\mathcal{F}^{s}$-extendable to all of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$.
Herschel Gould Belt Survey in Taurus – II. A census of dense cores and filaments in the TMC1 region
Authors: Kirk J M , Ward-Thompson D , Di Francesco J , André Ph , Bresnahan D W , Könyves V , Marsh K , Griffin M J , Schneider N , Men’shchikov A , Palmeirim P , Bontemps S , Arzoumanian D , Benedettini M , Pezzuto S 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a catalogue of dense cores and filaments in a $3.8^\circ \times 2.4^\circ$ field around the TMC1 region of the Taurus molecular cloud. The catalogue was created using photometric data from the Herschel SPIRE and PACS instruments in the 70, 160, 250, 350, and 500 μm continuum bands. Extended structure in the region was reconstructed from a Herschel column density map. Power spectra and probability density functions (PDFs) of this structure are presented. The PDF splits into lognormal and power-law forms, with the high-density power-law component associated primarily with the central part of TMC1. The total mass in the mapped region is 2000 M$_\odot$, of which 34 per cent is above an extinction of $A_V\sim 3$ mag – a level that appears as a break in the PDF and as the minimum column density at which dense cores are found. A total of 35 dense filaments were extracted from the column density map. These have a typical full width at half-maximum (FWHM) width of 0.07 pc, but the TMC1 filament itself has a mean FWHM of $\sim 0.13$ pc. The thermally supercritical filaments in the region are aligned orthogonal to the prevailing magnetic field direction. Derived properties for the supercritical TMC1 filament support the scenario of it being relatively young. A catalogue of 44 robust and candidate prestellar cores is created and is assessed to be complete down to 0.1 M$_\odot$. The combined prestellar core mass function for the TMC1 and L1495 regions is well fit by a single lognormal distribution and is comparable to the standard initial mass function.