bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Host response to cholestyramine can be mediated by the gut microbiota
Authors: Newman Nolan K. , Monnier Philip M. , Rodrigues Richard R. , Gurung Manoj , Vasquez-Perez Stephany , Hioki Kaito A. , Greer Renee L. , Brown Kevin , Morgun Andrey , Shulzhenko Natalia 
Published: July 2024

Background: The gut microbiota has been implicated as a major factor contributing to metabolic diseases and the response to drugs used for the treatment of such diseases. In this study, we tested the effect of cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant that reduces blood cholesterol, on the murine gut microbiota and metabolism. We also explored the hypothesis that some effects of this drug on systemic metabolism can be attributed to alterations in the gut microbiota.
Methods: We used a Western diet (WD) for 8 weeks to induce metabolic disease in mice, then treated some mice with cholestyramine added to WD. Metabolic phenotyping, gene expression in liver and ileum, and microbiota 16S rRNA genes were analyzed. Then, transkingdom network analysis was used to find candidate microbes for the cholestyramine effect.
Results: We observed that cholestyramine decreased glucose and epididymal fat levels and detected dysregulation of genes known to be regulated by cholestyramine in the liver and ileum. Analysis of gut microbiota showed increased alpha diversity in cholestyramine-treated mice, with fourteen taxa showing restoration of relative abundance to levels resembling those in mice fed a control diet. Using transkingdom network analysis, we inferred two amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), one from the Lachnospiraceae family (ASV49) and the other from the Muribaculaceae family (ASV1), as potential regulators of cholestyramine effects. ASV49 was also negatively linked with glucose levels, further indicating its beneficial role.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that the gut microbiota has a role in the beneficial effects of cholestyramine and suggest specific microbes as targets of future investigations.
WITHDRAWN: IRE-1α is a key switch of pyroptosis and necroptosis in mice by dominating Gasdermin D
Authors: Zeng Xin , Zheng Qing , Li Deyong , Li Yumeng , Liu Xiaohong , Zhu Min , Liu Wen , Li Lan , Lu Yanrong , Cheng Jingqiu , Chen Younan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Minimal twister sister (TS)-like self-cleaving ribozymes in the human genome revealed by deep mutational scanning
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Hong Xu , Xiong Peng , Wang Junfeng , Zhan Jian , Zhou Yaoqi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Despite their importance in a wide range of living organisms, self-cleaving ribozymes in the human genome are few and poorly studied. Here, we performed deep mutational scanning and covariance analysis of two previously proposed self-cleaving ribozymes (LINE-1 and OR4K15). We found that the regions essential for ribozyme activities are made of two short segments, with a total of 35 and 31 nucleotides only. The discovery makes them the simplest known self-cleaving ribozymes. Moreover, the essential regions are circular permutated with two nearly identical catalytic internal loops, supported by two stems of different lengths. These two self-cleaving ribozymes, which shape like lanterns, are similar to the catalytic regions of the twister sister ribozymes in terms of sequence and secondary structure. However, the nucleotides at the cleavage site have shown that mutational effects on the two twister sister-like (TS-like) ribozymes are different from the twister sister ribozyme. The discovery of TS-like ribozymes reveals a ribozyme class with the simplest and, perhaps, the most primitive structure needed for self-cleavage.
WITHDRAWN: Implementation of Encryption Algorithms in Classical and Quantum Computing: A comparative Analysis
Authors: Akshay Jayavrinda Vrindavanam , Narayanan Anirudh , N Chandrashekar , Kamath Gaurav , R Akshay M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors since they no longer stand by the findings/conclusions of this work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Risk of suicide and all-cause death in patients with mental disorders: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Jeon Hong Jin , Kim Hyewon , Jung Jin Hyung , Han Kyungdo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Mental disorders are associated with an increased risk of premature death, including suicide. This study aimed to examine the risk of suicide and all-cause death in patients with mental disorders after considering demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. Data from the National Health Insurance Sharing Service database and linked data from Statistics Korea were used. In total, 3,951,398 people aged ≥20 years were eligible for this study. Among the participants, 14 types of mental disorders were identified, and the subsequent incidences of suicide and all-cause death were monitored. The mean age of those with mental disorders and those without mental disorders was 56.5 (SD, 13.6) years and 46.6 (SD, 13.6) years, respectively. During an average follow-up period of 11.1 years (SD, 1.5), 249,830 participants died, of whom 12,290 died by suicide. Overall, the risk of suicide and all-cause death was higher in people with mental disorders than in controls. The risk of suicide was the highest among those with personality disorders, followed by those with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The risk of all-cause death was the highest among those with intellectual disability, followed by those with schizophrenia spectrum disorder and alcohol use disorder. In conclusion, the risk of suicide and all-cause death increased among those with mental disorders, but there was substantial variation between the types of mental disorders for both suicide and all-cause death.
Enhanced Wavelet Transform Dynamic Attention Transformer Model For Lithium-ion Battery Anomaly Detection
Authors: Liu Xin , Huang Haihong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the context of rapid advancements in electric vehicle (EV) technology, the safety and reliability of lithium-ion (Li) batteries,as the core power source, have garnered significant attention. The non-stationarity and complex dynamics of battery data posemajor challenges in the field of battery state monitoring, making it difficult for existing monitoring and prediction methods toaccurately address the variability of real-world environments. To address these issues, we propose a Transformer model based ona wavelet transform dynamic attention mechanism (WADT), capable of effectively handling the non-stationarity of battery dataand capturing its complex dynamic changes. The dynamic attention mechanism, grounded in wavelet transform, can adaptivelyfocus on the most informative parts of the battery data, thereby enhancing the accuracy of anomaly detection. Building on thismechanism, we further developed a deep learning model that incorporates an improved Transformer architecture, specificallydesigned to handle the complex dynamics of time series data. This model not only considers the temporal dependencies of batterydata but also adapts to its non-stationary behavior, achieving more accurate and reliable anomaly detection. Experimental resultson public battery datasets have demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed approach. Compared to existing technologies, ourmodel has achieved significant improvements in several key performance indicators, including but not limited to accuracy, AUCscore. These results not only validate the innovation and effectiveness of our method but also showcase its potential applicationin the field of battery anomaly detection.
Assessing seismic response in dual tower connected structures at different storey levels through fixed and flexible connections
Authors: Shrestha Subhekshya , Bhatta Janak , Sharma Rosham 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Dual tower structures with sky bridges are statements of height and iconicity. These buildings serve various purposes, such as open conventional circulation, monumental sculpture sightseeing, fire evacuation, swimming pools, and other physical amenities. In the context of Nepal, very few scholars have studied sky bridges in tall buildings, necessitating the need for further study. Skybridges are horizontal connectors added at certain heights, which contribute to the coupling effect of adjacent towers and alter the predicted regular dynamic load-induced responses. This study examines the configuration of connected sky bridges, both rigidly and using passive isolated connections, excited by a set of three time-history ground motions. A nine-story dual tower with a connecting bridge of 14 m by 8 m, connected to the two grid perimeters of the towers, is considered. The study primarily investigates the efficacy of using isolators over conventional rigid connections, specifically lead rubber bearings (LRB) and high-damping rubber bearings (HDRB). The overarching objective of study is utilization of isolators to enhance building time and different seismic parameters to help minimize seismic vulnerability and achieve economically optimized structural design. Non-linear dynamic time history analyses are conducted on three distinct dual tower structural systems: fixed, LRB-isolated, and HDRB-isolated corridors, across three connection scenarios: corridors situated on the first and second floor, the third and fourth floor, and the sixth and seventh floor are considered. By comparing the analysis results with and without isolators, the effectiveness of LRB and HDRB is assessed. This study addresses fundamental design considerations to understand the optimal placement of sky bridges in the global system through the decoupling behavior of independent towers and their response to seismic dynamic responses, highlighting the advantages of isolator integration.
Cross-disciplinary Reactor-to-Repository Framework for Evaluating Spent Nuclear Fuel from Advanced Reactors
Authors: Wainwright Haruko M. , Christiaen Chloe , Atz Milos , Tchakerian John Sebastian , Yu Jiankai , Ridley Gavin Keith , Shirvan Koroush 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study presents a cross-disciplinary reactor-to-repository framework to compare different advanced reactors with respect to their spent nuclear fuel (SNF). The framework consists of (1) OpenMC for simulating neutronics, fuel depletion, and radioactive decays; (2) NWPY for computing the repository footprint for SNF disposal given the thermal constraints; and (3) PFLOTRAN for simulating radionuclide transport in the geosphere to compute the peak dose rate, which is used to quantify the repository performance and environmental impact. We first perform the meta-analysis of past comparative analyses to identify the factors led previously to inconsistent conclusions. We then demonstrate the new framework by comparing five reactor types. Significant findings are that (1) the repository footprint is neither linearly related to SNF volume nor to decay heat, due to the repository’s thermal constraint, (2) fast reactors have significantly higher I-129 inventory, which is often the primarily dose contributor from repositories, and (3) the repository performance primarily depends on the waste forms. The TRISO-based reactors, in particular, have significantly higher SNF volumes, but result in smaller repository footprints and lower peak dose rates. Our analysis highlights the diversity of these reactors, each of which should be evaluated individually. The open-source framework ensures proper cross-disciplinary connections between reactor simulations and environmental assessments, as well as the transparency/traceability required for such comparative analyses. It aims to support reactor designers, repository developers and policy makers in evaluating the impact of different reactor designs, with the ultimate goal of improving the sustainability of nuclear energy systems.
MicroRNA-375 promotes migration and invasion of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Mao Zhichao , Wang Xinyu , Zhao Yongtang , Yang Fei , Qin Qin , Jiang Ruilian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the present study was the investigation of the mechanism of miR-375 in the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori, Hp) -induced gastric cancer cell (GCC) model.
Materials and Methods: Human normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GMECs) line GES-1 and human GCCs strain MKN45 were used as research objects. The expression of miR-375 was detected after Hp infection of GCCs. Cell activity was detected by the MTT method, and cell proliferation was determined by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. Transwell assay was used to detect the effect of cell invasion and migration ability. The expression levels of JAK1 and STAT3 proteins were determined by BCA method.
Results: miR-375 was increased in GCCs after Hp infection, and JAK1, STAT3, p-JAK1, and p-STAT3 were visibly increased in GCCs after Hp infection. In addition, the overexpressed miR-375 promoted the proliferation activity, migration and invasion ability of GCCs.
Conclusion: miR-375 promotes Hp-induced migration and invasion of GCCs by targeting JAK1/STAT3. This article reveals the important role of miR-375 in Hp-induced GC, which provides new clues for further investigation of its mechanism and therapeutic targets.
Solitary eating habits in healthy older adults link brain atrophy to future cognitive decline
Authors: Nakamura Hiroyuki , Isa Mikana , Noguchi-Shinohara Moeko , Jokaji Mai , Ide Kentaro , Kawano Toshihiro , Tokuchi Shusuke , Suzuki Risako , Murahashi Makoto , Ntege Edward , Shimizu Yusuke , Kawashiri Shuichi , Ono Kenjiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the associations between the number of people eating together and regional brain volumes, nutrient intake, and food and beverage intake in cognitively unimpaired individuals. We found that eating alone was associated with lower total brain volume, particularly in the medial temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, insula, and hippocampus, compared with eating with others. In addition, individuals who ate alone had significantly higher intakes of sucrose, maltose, alcohol, tridecanoic acid, and heptanoic acid, as well as a higher carbohydrate energy ratio. These findings suggest that eating alone may contribute to reduced brain volume in regions critical for cognitive function and is associated with unhealthy dietary habits. Understanding these associations is crucial for developing targeted interventions that promote social engagement and healthy eating behaviors to prevent cognitive decline and dementia in older adults.
Impaired brain functional hubs and effective connectivity of striatum-cortical network in migraine without aura: a resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Zhang Zhiyang , Xie Chaorong , Dong Linglin , Ou Yangxu , Ni Xixiu , Sun Mingsheng , Gao Xiaoyu , Fu Qixuan , Yan Qinyi , Wang Xiao , Zhao Ling 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Migraine without aura (MWoA) is a brain network disorder involving abnormal activity in subcortical and cortical brain regions. However, the functional alteration of key nodes and the flow of information within and between brain network in MWoA remain unclear. Thus, we aim to explore functional and effective connectivity (EC) to investigate relationship between impaired brain connectivity and migraine onsets.
Methods: Fifty-three MWoA patients and 51 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. Degree centrality (DC) analysis was used to measure the whole brain functional connectivity, and the abnormal brain regions found by DC were regarded as seeds to perform Granger causality analysis (GCA) to explore EC. Furthermore, a correlation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between brain abnormalities and clinical symptoms in MWoA.
Results: MWoA patients exhibited decreased DC value in left putamen (PUT.L) and increased DC value in left angular gyrus (ANG.L) in whole brain functional integration compared with HCs. In EC, from subcortex to cortex, we found altered EC values from PUT.L to right superior frontal gyrus, medial, right supramarginal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral (SFGdor.R) and postcentral gyrus (PoCG.R), and altered EC from bilateral caudate (CAU) to ANG.L. From cortex to subcortex, we observed altered EC value from SFGdor.R to PUT.L, and from ANG.L to left caudate. Furthermore, we found that the EC value from PUT.L to PoCG.R was inversely correlated with the frequency of headache attack and the EC value from CAU.R to ANG.L was positively correlated with duration of illness in MWoA.
Conclusion: Our study validated the hypothesis that the functional and effective connectivity between subcortex and cortex were abnormal in MWoA patients compared with HCs, manifesting as alteration in striatum-cortex network, and the inflow and outflow information in striatum-cortex network were correlated with the frequency of headache attack and duration of illness, which may contribute to clarify neuroimaging mechanism of pain sensory during migraine onset, and the abnormality may be an adjunctive biomarker in evaluating severity of migraine and the efficacy of therapeutic intervention.
Long Term Toxicity of Silica Coated Iron Oxide Nanocrystalline Clusters used for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications
Authors: Charles Regan , Sarangi Subhasis , Aranganathan V 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystalline clusters (IONC) have gained significant attention in biomedical applications for their unique properties and functionalities. The biomedical field has harnessed the potential of IONCs for various applications, including diagnostics, drug delivery, imaging, and hyperthermia therapy. The interactions of the nanomaterials with the cells, tissues, and microenvironment can reveal the biocompatibility or harmful effects in biological systems therefore a systematic understanding of the toxicity parameters of these materials are essential. The Fe3O4 nanocrystalline clusters were synthesised by solvothermal process and characterized using XRD, TEM, SEM, and DLS. The in vitro cytotoxicity was assessed on HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines and in vivo toxicity on Swiss albino mice. The average size of synthesized nanocrystalline clusters were found to be 230 nm from TEM analysis. The IONC exhibits promising efficiency for magnetic hyperthermia, with SAR value of 104.1 W/g and intrinsic loss parameter of 1.05 nH m2/Kg-1. The particles did not exhibit significant toxicity when tested on the 2 cell lines. In vivo CBC and serum values were within normal limits at 24 hours, 5- and 75-weeks’ of sacrifice except for considerable increase in SGOT values, but fell back to the normal values during 5- and 75-weeks’ time point. There was a dose-dependent iron accumulation in the liver, spleen, and lungs that was evident in Perl’s histopathological evaluation with liver and spleen being the primary sites for iron metabolism. Residual concentration of IONC was seen in lungs in the 75-weeks animals with minimal changes in the tissue architecture. The result from the current study reveals that the synthesized Si-IONC can be efficiently used for hyperthermia application as they do not show any significant in vitro and in vivo toxicity.
Methyl group donor reduces the Caffeine hippocampal anti-inflammatory effects and potentiates the LPS effect by positive transcription of the Nrf2/Txn1/Nlrp3 axis
Authors: Coque Alex Camargo , Sanna Paula Lemes dos Santos , Carvalho Liebert Bernardes , Scorzafav Arila Adorno , Souza Jennyffer , Miranda Taís Browne , Latini Alexandra , Bernardi Maria Martha , Andia Denise Carleto , Silva Rodrigo Augusto Foganholi , Afonso Camila Cristina dos Santos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Nrlp3 inflammasome activation is closely related to the Nrf2/Txn1/Nlrp3 axis, since nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) has a critical role through interaction with thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which upon dissociating from the Trx1/TXNIP complex and interacting with Nrlp3, promotes the activation of the complex. In this context, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a critical role and can inhibit the activation of the inflammasome. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate in inflammatory conditions induced by LPS in vivo and in vitro whether the neuroprotective effect of caffeine would be mediated by the Nrf2/Txn1/Nlrp3 axis. Here, we demonstrate using an in vivo model of neuroinflammation induced by i.p. injection of LPS (0.33 mg/kg) that the reduction in Nrf2 expression and the increase in Nrlp3 and Txn1 expression promoted by LPS were significantly prevented and/or reversed by pre-treatment with caffeine without a direct involvement of epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, in vitro results revealed a pro-inflammatory effect for treatment with the CH3 donor (SAM) and an anti-inflammatory effect for the Dnmt inhibitor, RG108. Thus, the joint analysis of the results allows us to conclude that the neuroprotective effect of caffeine observed by the negative modulation of the pro-inflammatory genes, Nlrp3/Txn1, and positive modulation of Nfr2, may be mediated by underlying molecular mechanisms sensitive to positive modulation and/or or negative activation of DNMTs enzymes. We emphasize that additional studies are needed to elucidate the involvement of DNMTs in caffeine-mediated neuroprotection.
Physical-medical integration policies and health equity promotion in China: a textual analysis based on policy instruments
Authors: Zhao Mingyuan , Yang Lishu , Qian Baoshan , Yang Yun , Wei Gongbo , Li Chen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
In China, policies aimed at promoting physical-medical integration have garnered significant attention at the national level. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the extent to which these policies incorporate the promotion of health equity. This study aims to explore the existence and manifestation of health equity promotion in relevant policy documents.
Methods
Utilizing textual content analysis, this study analyzed 62 policy documents on physical-medical integration issued by various Chinese departments between June 2016 and June 2023. The KH Coder qualitative analysis software served as the analytical tool to facilitate the process.
Findings
The analysis revealed several key findings. Firstly, the policies exhibited a strong orientation towards universal health goals, which served as the cornerstone for promoting health equity. The policies emphasized inclusive populations, spanning from children, adolescents, healthy adults, to older adults, ensuring access to health management and disease prevention support through body-health integration services. Secondly, the policy tool focused on balancing the distribution of health resources, particularly favoring rural, remote, and disadvantaged groups. This aimed to foster resource parity and reduce geographical health inequalities. Finally, the policies specified the importance of synergistic cooperation between multiple actors, such as government departments, sports management bodies, and healthcare institutions, to advance the cause of sports-health integration.
Conclusion
Although the policies on sports-medical integration and non-medical health interventions did not explicitly mention the concept of health equity, the underlying ideas and goals align closely with it. Both are directed towards enhancing the health of all individuals and achieving health equity.