bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Two-Fiber Anisotropic Constitutive Model of Human Brain With Intravoxel Heterogeneity of Fiber Orientation Using Diffusion Spectrum Imaging (DSI)
Authors: Garimella Harsha T. , Yuan Hao , Johnson Brian D. , Slobounov Semyon L. , Kraft Reuben H. 
Published: March 2015

Sports-related concussion is a major public health problem in the United States that is estimated to occur in 1.6–3.8 million individuals annually, and is particularly common in football. Despite the significance and growing concerns about the potential long-term consequences of concussion, its biomechanical mechanisms are not fully understood. Since 1970’s computational head modeling has proved to be an efficient tool for establishment of health injury criteria and studies on head injury mitigation.
One important step in the computational modeling of the human head is to develop the mathematical material models (constitutive models) for the tissue. There have been many attempts to develop an accurate constitutive model for brain tissue. Recent experimental studies have highlighted the significant influence of axonal fibers on the non-linear and anisotropic behavior of brain tissue. Tractography based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used in various previous studies to develop a constitutive model for human brain by including the anisotropic properties. Though DTI provides a macro scale information about the axonal fibers in the brain, it cannot directly describe multiple fiber orientations within a single voxel. To address this limitation within the DTI tractography, Diffusion Spectrum imaging (DSI), a variant of Diffusion Weighted Imaging, is used. DSI is generally used in deriving connectome sets and is sensitive to intravoxel heterogeneities of fiber orientation in diffusion direction caused by crossing fiber tracts and thus allowing for more accurate mapping of axonal trajectories than other diffusion methods. Thus more accurate constitutive models can be developed from the structural information about the human brain using DSI.
This paper extends, the anisotropic constitutive models developed previously, for two family of fibers which will be useful in the computational modeling of the human brain using DSI.
Virtual Training of Assembly Tasks Using Virtual Reality Techniques and Haptic Systems
Authors: Gallegos-Nieto Enrique , Medellín-Castillo Hugo I. , González-Badillo Germánico , Lim Theodore 
Published: March 2015

Traditional computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided assembly planning (CAAP) systems are still limited because they do not consider human experience and knowledge capture to support intuitively the assembly planning. Moreover, some aspects such as quality testing, shop floor layout, human ergonomics and physical constraints are not considered during the assembly evaluation. Virtual reality (VR) systems can be used to simulate, analyze and optimize manufacturing processes including assembly. The use of (VR) and haptic systems can improve the efficiency of assembly process planning, evaluation and training.
This paper describes an experiment conducted to investigate the benefits of a haptic aided virtual reality system for assembly training of real assembly tasks. Three groups of individuals with different level of training were considered in the evaluation. The first group received training by the virtual reality system including haptic feedback. The second group also received the same virtual training but without haptic feedback. The third group received no training in the virtual environment. Upon completion of the training, the assembly performance of the three different groups was evaluated by the construction of a real assembly task. The results have shown a significant improvement in the assembly performance of individuals who undertook a virtual training with force feedback, compared with those who did not take training.
Modeling and Position Control of a Magnetic Levitation System Calculating Eddy Current Based Damping Force
Authors: Nojoumian M. A. , Khodabakhsh M. , Vossoughi G. R. 
Published: March 2015

In this paper a magnetic levitation system is modeled and an eddy current based damping force is identified and used for position control of the levitated object in the system. In the magnetic levitation technology, contactless manipulation of a levitated object is done by use of magnetic fields. Also, the eddy-current based force is used to damp the motion of the levitated object. Eddy-current is generated in a plate which is placed underneath the levitated object due to the change of current in an electromagnet and the motion of the levitated object.
First, using finite element method (FEM), the magnetic levitation system is modeled and the eddy-current based force acting on the levitated object is obtained. The thickness of the plate and the magnetic dipole moment of the levitated object are optimized so that the maximum value of the eddy current based force is gained. The effect of the eddy-current based force on the 2-D motion of the levitated object is studied. Also a controller using the damping effect of the eddy force is designed to control the position of the levitated object in one particular dimension. Results show that the controller can effectively regulate the position of the levitated object.
Modeling and Analysis of Flexible Multistage Rotor Systems With Water-Lubricated Rubber Bearings
Authors: Liu Shibing , Yang Bingen 
Published: March 2015

Flexible multistage rotating systems that are supported by water-lubricated rubber bearings (WLRB) have many engineering applications, including power generation, mining, water services, waste treatment, oil and gas industries, and industrial processes. Due to the flexibility of rotating shafts in these applications, dynamic modeling and vibration analysis is essentially important to optimal design and reliable operation of this kind of rotor systems.
This paper presents a new model of WLRBs, with the focus on determination of bearing dynamic coefficients. Conventional bearing models are normally of pointwise type, and are invalid for WLRBs that have a large length-to-diameter ratio. The bearing model proposed in this work considers spatially distributed bearing forces, and for the first time, addresses the issue of mixed lubrication, which involves interaction effects of shaft vibration, elastic deformation of rubber material and fluid film pressure. With the bearing model, the dynamic response of a flexible multistage rotating system with WLRBs is described by a Distributed Transfer Function Method (DTFM). The steady-state response of the rotor system due to unbalanced mass is then computed by the DTFM, and compared with experimental data, yielding the dynamic stiffness coefficients of WLRBs. It is shown that the proposed bearing model and DTFM formulation is useful in vibration analysis and optimal design of WLRB-supported flexible multistage rotor systems.
The Development of a Dynamic Adaptive Driving Simulator
Authors: Tudor Sarah M. , Carey Stephanie L. , Dubey Rajiv V. 
Published: March 2015

The ability to drive a car is an important skill for individuals with a spinal cord injury to maintain a high quality of life, particularly their freedom and independence. However, driving with a physical disability often requires the installation of an adaptive driving system to control steering, gas, and braking. The two main types of adaptive driving controls are mechanical and electrical, also known as drive by wire (DBW). DBW controls work by converting electric signals to mechanical actuators. Driving simulators are useful tools for adaptive driving systems because they allow users to test different control devices, to practice driving without the dangers of being on the road, and can be used as a safe way to evaluate disabled drivers. This study focused on the development of a dynamic driving simulator using DBW controls because most studies focus on mechanical controls and not DBW controls and often use static simulators.
The simulator was developed using the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) virtual reality system. The CAREN system (Motek Medical, Amsterdam, Netherlands) includes a six degree of freedom motion base, an optical motion capture system, a sound system, and a 180-degree projection screen. The two DBW controls, a lever device to control the gas and brake and a small wheel device to control steering, sent an electric signal to a Phidget board, which interfaced with the CAREN system. Several different driving scenarios were created and imported into CAREN’s D-Flow software. A program was developed in D-Flow to control the scene and motion of the platform appropriately based on the DBW controls via the Phidget. The CAREN system dynamically controlled the motion platform based on the user’s input. For example, if the user applied the brake suddenly, the user felt a deceleration from the motion platform moving backwards. The driving simulator showed the capability to provide dynamic feedback and, therefore, may be more realistic and beneficial than current static adaptive driving simulators. The dynamic adaptive driving simulator developed may improve driving training and performance of persons with spinal cord injuries. Future work will include testing the system with and without the dynamics from the moving platform to see how this type of feedback affects the user’s driving ability in the virtual environment.
Hand Grasping Assistance Device
Authors: Garcia Alejandra P. , Andrews Ryan P. , Johnson Logen M. , Santacroce Joseph F. , McCusker James , Dow Douglas E. 
Published: March 2015

Stroke can result in Hemiparesis, often resulting in the disuse of impaired limbs and the increased use of the unimpaired limbs. Disuse leads to muscle atrophy, contracture and stiffening of the joints, which impedes daily living and quality of life. Physical therapy can maintain or increase motor function following stroke, but the impaired limb may still have less motor function than the unimpaired limb, leading to further disuse. Thus negating the gains accomplished by therapy. The development of devices that assist motor function of the impaired limbs during daily activities would promote use and help maintain any progress from physical therapy. Automated motion assistance can overcome spasticity by allowing a user to perform a specific task multiple times, thus reducing the stiffness developed in the fingers.
The purpose of this study was to develop prototype modules of a glove-like system for hand grasping assistance. The full system could be used during therapy sessions or worn to assist with activities of daily living. The force sensors positioned in the glove on the front and back of each fingertip would be used to determine whether an attempt is being made to grasp or to let go of an object. The system controls motors that wind or unwind cables that run along the forearm and connect independently to the glove for each finger. The modules were designed and assembled for testing. A simulation model was built for analysis. The early results appear promising, but further testing will be required to make developments toward the full system to assist with hand motor function.
Investigation of Lumbosacral Spine Anatomical Variation Effect on Load-Partitioning Under Follower Load Using Geometrically Personalized Finite Element Model
Authors: Naserkhaki Sadegh , Jaremko Jacob L. , Kawchuk Greg , Adeeb Samer , El-Rich Marwan 
Published: March 2015

The spinal load sharing and mechanical stresses developed in the spine segments due to mechanical loads are dependent on the unique spinal anatomy (geometry and posture). Variation in spinal curvature alters the load sharing of the lumbar spine as well as the stiffness and stability of the passive tissues. In this paper, effects of lumbar spine curvature variation on spinal load sharing under compressive Follower Load (FL) are investigated numerically. 3D nonlinear Finite Element (FE) models of three ligamentous lumbosacral spines are developed based on personalized geometries; hypo-lordotic (Hypo-L), normal (Normal-L) and hyper-lordotic (Hyper-L) cases. Analysis of each model is performed under Follower Load and developed stress in the discs and forces in the collagen fibers are investigated.
Stresses on the discs vary in magnitude and distribution depending on the degree of lordosis. A straight hypo-lordotic spine shows stresses more equally distributed among discs while a highly curved hyper-lordotic spine has stresses concentrated at lower discs. Stresses are uniformly distributed in each disc for Hypo-L case while they are concentrated posteriorly for Hyper-L case. Also, the maximum force in collagen fibers is developed in the Hyper-L case. These differences might be clinically significant related to back pain.
Complete Genome Sequence of Paenibacillus polymyxa Strain Sb3-1, a Soilborne Bacterium with Antagonistic Activity toward Plant Pathogens
Authors: Rybakova Daria , Wetzlinger Ute , Müller Henry , Berg Gabriele 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

The genome of
Paenibacillus polymyxa
Sb3-1, a strain that shows antagonistic activities against pathogenic fungi and bacteria, consists of one 5.6-Mb circular chromosome and two plasmids of 223 kb and 8 kb. The genome reveals several genes that potentially contribute to its antagonistic and plant growth promotion activity.
Complete Genome Sequence of Emerging Porcine Circovirus Types 2a and 2b from India
Authors: Bhattacharjee Uttaran , Ahuja Anuj , Sharma Indu , Karam Amarjit , Chakraborty Amit Kumar , Ghatak Sandeep , Puro Kekungu , Das Samir , Shakuntala Ingudam , Giri Sarbani , Pegu R. K. , Laha R. , Pattanayak A. , Ngachan S. V. , Sen Arnab 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
We report here the first characterized complete genome sequence of porcine circovirus types 2a and 2b from northeastern states of India. These isolates may serve as a potential reference for the Indian strains of porcine circovirus types 2a and 2b.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain BH072, Isolated from Honey
Authors: Zhao Xin , de Jong Anne , Zhou Zhijiang , Kuipers Oscar P. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

The genome of
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
strain BH072, isolated from a honey sample and showing strong antimicrobial activity against plant pathogens, is 4.07 Mb and harbors 3,785 coding sequences (CDS). Several gene clusters for nonribosomal synthesis of antimicrobial peptides and a complete gene cluster for biosynthesis of mersacidin were detected.
Draft Genome Sequences of Vibrio renopiscarius Strains CECT 8603
T
and CECT 8604, Two Marine
Gammaproteobacteria
Isolated from Cultured Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Arahal David R. , Rodrigo-Torres Lidia , Lucena Teresa , Pujalte María J. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Vibrio renopiscarius DCR 1-4-2
T
(CECT 8603
T
) and DCR 1-4-12 (CECT 8604) were isolated from healthy gilthead sea bream (
Sparus aurata
) from Mediterranean fish farms (Castellón, Spain). Their draft genome sequences (30 and 44 contigs, respectively) have 4.3 Mbp and a G+C content of 45.2 mol% and contain almost 3,700 protein-encoding genes.
Genome Sequence of the Urethral Catheter Isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa MH19
Authors: Vorhölter Frank-Jörg , Tielen Petra , Wibberg Daniel , Narten Maike , Schobert Max , Tüpker Reinhilde , Blom Jochen , Schatschneider Sarah , Winkler Anika , Albersmeier Andreas , Goesmann Alexander , Pühler Alfred , Jahn Dieter 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is a frequent agent of complicated catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Here, we present the improved 7.1-Mb draft genome sequence of
P. aeruginosa
MH19, which was isolated from a patient with an acute hospital-acquired CAUTI. It includes unique genes not represented in other
P. aeruginosa
genomes.
Long working hours and physical activity
Authors: Angrave David , Charlwood Andy , Wooden Mark 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundIt is widely believed that persons employed in jobs demanding long working hours are at greater risk of physical inactivity than other workers, primarily because they have less leisure time available to undertake physical activity. The aim of this study was to test this hypothesis using prospective data obtained from a nationally representative sample of employed persons.MethodsLongitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey (93 367 observations from 17 893 individuals) were used to estimate conditional fixed effects logistic regression models of the likelihood of moderate or vigorous physical exercise for at least 30 min, at least four times a week.ResultsNo significant associations between long working hours and the incidence of healthy levels of physical activity were uncovered once other exogenous influences on activity levels were controlled for. The odds of men or women who usually work 60 or more hours per week exercising at healthy levels were 6% and 11% less, respectively, than those of comparable persons working a more standard 35–40 h/week; however, neither estimate was significantly different from 0 at 95% CI.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that there is no trade-off between long working hours and physical activity in Australia. It is argued that these findings are broadly consistent with previous research studies from Anglo-Saxon countries (where long working hours are pervasive) that employed large nationally representative samples.
Coordinate Loss of MAP3K7 and CHD1 Promotes Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Rodrigues Lindsey Ulkus , Rider Leah , Nieto Cera , Romero Lina , Karimpour-Fard Anis , Loda Massimo , Lucia M. Scott , Wu Min , Shi Lihong , Cimic Adela , Sirintrapun S. Joseph , Nolley Rosalie , Pac Colton , Chen Haitao , Peehl Donna M. , Xu Jianfeng , Liu Wennuan , Costello James C. , Cramer Scott D. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Prostate cancer subtypes are poorly defined and functional validation of drivers of ETS rearrangement–negative prostate cancer has not been conducted. Here, we identified an ETS− subtype of aggressive prostate cancer (ERG−MAP3K7delCHD1del) and used a novel developmental model and a cell line xenograft model to show that cosuppression of MAP3K7 and CHD1 expression promotes aggressive disease. Analyses of publicly available prostate cancer datasets revealed that MAP3K7 and CHD1 were significantly codeleted in 10% to 20% of localized tumors and combined loss correlated with poor disease-free survival. To evaluate the functional impact of dual MAP3K7–CHD1 loss, we suppressed Map3k7 and/or Chd1 expression in mouse prostate epithelial progenitor/stem cells (PrP/SC) and performed tissue recombination experiments in vivo. Dual shMap3k7–shChd1 PrP/SC recombinants displayed massive glandular atypia with regions of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma apparent. Combined Map3k7–Chd1 suppression greatly disrupted normal prostatic lineage differentiation; dual recombinants displayed significant androgen receptor loss, increased neuroendocrine differentiation, and increased neural differentiation. Clinical samples with dual MAP3K7–CHD1 loss also displayed neuroendocrine and neural characteristics. In addition, dual Map3k7–Chd1 suppression promoted E-cadherin loss and mucin production in recombinants. MAP3K7 and CHD1 protein loss also correlated with Gleason grade and E-cadherin loss in clinical samples. To further validate the phenotype observed in the PrP/SC model, we suppressed MAP3K7 and/or CHD1 expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Dual shMAP3K7–shCHD1 LNCaP xenografts displayed increased tumor growth and decreased survival compared with shControl, shMAP3K7, and shCHD1 xenografts. Collectively, these data identify coordinate loss of MAP3K7 and CHD1 as a unique driver of aggressive prostate cancer development. Cancer Res; 75(6); 1021–34. ©2015 AACR.
CCR 20th Anniversary Commentary: BMS-247550—Microtubule Stabilization as Successful Targeted Therapy
Authors: Pabla Navjotsingh , Sparreboom Alex 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In a landmark article published in the May 1, 2001, issue of Clinical Cancer Research, Lee and colleagues reported the original preclinical studies demonstrating anticancer activity of BMS-247550 (ixabepilone) against taxane-sensitive and taxane-resistant cancers. Subsequent clinical trials established the clinical efficacy of ixabepilone, leading to its regulatory approval for the treatment of drug-resistant metastatic or locally advanced breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 21(6); 1237–9. ©2015 AACR.
See related article by Lee et al., Clin Cancer Res 2001;7(5) May 2001;1429–37
Endothelial Jagged1 Antagonizes Dll4 Regulation of Endothelial Branching and Promotes Vascular Maturation Downstream of Dll4/Notch1
Authors: Pedrosa Ana-Rita , Trindade Alexandre , Fernandes Ana-Carina , Carvalho Catarina , Gigante Joana , Tavares Ana Teresa , Diéguez-Hurtado Rodrigo , Yagita Hideo , Adams Ralf H. , Duarte António 
Published: March 2015

Objective—
Notch signaling controls cardiovascular development and has been associated with several pathological conditions. Among its ligands, Jagged1 and Dll4 were shown to have opposing effects in developmental angiogenesis, but the underlying mechanism and the role of Jagged1/Notch signaling in adult angiogenesis remain incompletely understood. The current study addresses the importance of endothelial Jagged1-mediated Notch signaling in the context of adult physiological angiogenesis and the interactions of Jagged1 and Dll4 on angiogenic response and vascular maturation processes.

Approach and Results—

The role of endothelial Jagged1 in wound healing kinetics and angiogenesis was investigated with endothelial-specific
Jag1
gain-of-function and loss-of-function mouse mutants (
eJag1
OE and
eJag1c
KO). To study the interactions between the 2 Notch ligands, genetic mouse models were combined with pharmacological inhibition of Dll4 or Jagged1, respectively. Jagged1 overexpression in endothelial cells increased vessel density, maturation, and perfusion, thus accelerating wound healing. The opposite effect was seen in e
Jag1
cKO animals. Interestingly, Dll4 blockade in these animals led to an increase in vascular density but induced a greater decrease in perivascular cell coverage. However, Jagged1 inhibition in
Dll4
gain-of-function (e
Dll4
OE) mutants, with reduced angiogenesis, further diminished angiogenic growth and hampered perivascular cell coverage. Our findings suggest that as Dll4 blocks endothelial activation through Notch1 signaling, it also induces Jagged1 expression. Jagged1 then blocks Dll4 signaling through Notch1, allowing endothelial activation by vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelial layer growth. Jagged1 also initiates maturation of the newly formed vessels, possibly by binding and activating endothelial Notch4. Importantly, mice administered with a Notch4 agonistic antibody mimicked the mural cell phenotype of e
Jag1
OE mutants without affecting angiogenic growth, which is thought to be Notch1 dependent.

Conclusions—
Endothelial Jagged1 is likely to operate downstream of Dll4/Notch1 signaling to activate Notch4 and regulate vascular maturation. Thus, Jagged1 not only counteracts Dll4/Notch in the endothelium but also generates a balance between angiogenic growth and maturation processes in vivo.