bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humans and megafauna in a late Pleistocene environment from Cuddie Springs, north western New South Wales
Authors: Dodson John , Fullagar Richard , Furby Judith , Jones Robert , Prosser Ian 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe report the first site in Australia with a dated association of human technology and megafauna, in a palaeoenvironmental context. There are few sites in Australia where evidence of humans and Pleistocene megafauna coincide (Flannery and Gott, 1984; Flood, 1983 151–159; Gillespie et al., 1978; Gorecki et al., 1984). Such coincidences are often poorly dated or undated due to their antiquity or stratigraphic context. Cuddie Springs contains several distinct concentrations of megafaunal bone, in addition to a scatter of bone through all the sediments examined. Most of the deposit is beyond radiocarbon dating but an upper portion of sediment has been dated between 19,000 and 30,000 B.P. Artefacts and increased charcoal appear about 30,000 B.P. and then have a continuous presence. The artefact assemblage includes grindstones with starch residues, ochre, a probable cylcon and stone artefacts with reworked edges containing blood and hair. These combine to provide evidence of plant and animal processing and cultural practices at 30,000 B.P. The bones and artefacts were deposited when Cuddie Springs was a shallow freshwater lake surrounded by a relatively arid shrubland, the lake then became ephemeral and the environment more arid as the glacial maximum approached.
30,000 years of fishery in western New South Wales
Authors: Balme Jane 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTwo hundred and sixteen open midden sites from the lower Darling River area of western NSW demonstrate that people have fished for many aquatic resources in diverse hydrological environments since about 30,000 years ago. Some of the earliest of these sites, which have been interpreted as single foraging expeditions, contain evidence of highly organised food collecting strategies which at times allowed large gatherings of people. There appears to have been little change in these strategies or in the importance of the main waterways in the region since this time. However sites dating from about 7000 years ago are larger, more complex and contain a greater range of fauna. This suggests a change in camping practice resulting either from a change in economic strategy, where Pleistocene base camps were only located away from rivers and lakes, or from the development of more permanent base camps. This evidence is a regional example of adaptive and efficient exploitation in Pleistocene and Holocene Australia.
Review
Authors: Young Linda 
Published: November 2014

Looking after Heritage Places. The Basics of Heritage Planning for Managers, Landowners and Administrators. By Michael Pearson and Sharon Sullivan. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1995. ISBN 0‐522‐84554‐1. Pp. xiv + 384.Tourism and the Protection of Aboriginal Cultural Sites. By Jane M. Jacobs and Fay Gale. Special Australian Heritage Publication Series, No. 10. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 1994. ISSN 0814‐8171. Pp. xii + 146.
Blood plasma lipidomic signature of epicardial fat in healthy obese women
Authors: Scherer Max , Montoliu Ivan , Qanadli Salah D. , Collino Sebastiano , Rezzi Serge , Kussmann Martin , Giusti, Vittorio , Martin François‐Pierre J. 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesA lipidomic approach was employed in a clinically well‐defined cohort of healthy obese women to explore blood lipidome phenotype ascribed to body fat deposition, with emphasis on epicardial adipose tissue (EAT).MethodsThe present investigation delivered a lipidomics signature of epicardial adiposity under healthy clinical conditions using a cohort of 40 obese females (age: 25–45 years, BMI: 28–40 kg/m2) not showing any metabolic disease traits. Lipidomics analysis of blood plasma was employed in combination with in vivo quantitation of mediastinal fat depots by computerized tomography.ResultsAll cardiac fat depots correlated to indicators of hepatic dysfunctions (ALAT and ASAT), which describe physiological connections between hepatic and cardiac steatosis. Plasma lipidomics encompassed overall levels of lipid classes, fatty acid profiles, and individual lipid species. EAT and visceral fat associated with diacylglycerols (DAG), triglycerides, and distinct phospholipid and sphingolipid species. A pattern of DAG and phosphoglycerols was specific to EAT.ConclusionsHuman blood plasma lipidomics appears to be a promising clinical and potentially diagnostic readout for patient stratification and monitoring. Association of blood lipidomics signature to regio‐specific mediastinal and visceral adiposity under healthy clinical conditions may help provide more biological insights into obese patient stratification for cardiovascular disease risks.
High-Throughput Analysis and Automation for Glycomics Studies
Authors: Shubhakar Archana , Reiding Karli R. , Gardner Richard A. , Spencer Daniel I. R. , Fernandes Daryl L. , Wuhrer Manfred 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis review covers advances in analytical technologies for high-throughput (HTP) glycomics. Our focus is on structural studies of glycoprotein glycosylation to support biopharmaceutical realization and the discovery of glycan biomarkers for human disease. For biopharmaceuticals, there is increasing use of glycomics in Quality by Design studies to help optimize glycan profiles of drugs with a view to improving their clinical performance. Glycomics is also used in comparability studies to ensure consistency of glycosylation both throughout product development and between biosimilars and innovator drugs. In clinical studies there is as well an expanding interest in the use of glycomics—for example in Genome Wide Association Studies—to follow changes in glycosylation patterns of biological tissues and fluids with the progress of certain diseases. These include cancers, neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory conditions. Despite rising activity in this field, there are significant challenges in performing large scale glycomics studies. The requirement is accurate identification and quantitation of individual glycan structures. However, glycoconjugate samples are often very complex and heterogeneous and contain many diverse branched glycan structures. In this article we cover HTP sample preparation and derivatization methods, sample purification, robotization, optimized glycan profiling by UHPLC, MS and multiplexed CE, as well as hyphenated techniques and automated data analysis tools. Throughout, we summarize the advantages and challenges with each of these technologies. The issues considered include reliability of the methods for glycan identification and quantitation, sample throughput, labor intensity, and affordability for large sample numbers.
Differential Modulation of S1PR(1–5) and Specific Activities of SphK and nSMase in Pulmonary and Cerebral Tissues of Rats Exposed to Hypobaric Hypoxia
Authors: Chawla Sonam , Saxena Shweta 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRecent preclinical and clinical studies have unfolded the potential of pharmacological modulation of activities of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) receptors and S1P metabolizing enzymes for the development of therapeutic interventions against a variety of pathologies. An understanding of differential and temporal effects of hypoxia exposure on the key components of S1P signalling would certainly aid in designing improved drug development strategies in this direction. In view of this, the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of progressive hypobaric hypoxia exposure on expression of S1P receptors (S1PR1–5) and specific activities of S1P synthesizing enzymes—neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) and sphingosine kinase (Sphk) in pulmonary and cerebral tissues of rats exposed to simulated altitude of 21,000 feet in an animal decompression chamber. Along with this, development of cerebral and pulmonary edema and markers of inflammation were studied at 12, 24, and 48 h to validate our study model of hypobaric hypoxia‐induced stress. The protein expression of S1PR1–5 and activities of Sphk and nSMase enzymes were observed to be dramatically affected by simulated hypobaric hypoxia exposure, concurrent with deterioration of pathology, with 12 h of exposure appearing to be the most critical of the various time points studied.
ViQuaS: an improved reconstruction pipeline for viral quasispecies spectra generated by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Jayasundara Duleepa , Saeed I. , Maheswararajah Suhinthan , Chang B.C. , Tang S.-L. , Halgamuge Saman K. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Motivation: The combined effect of a high replication rate and the low fidelity of the viral polymerase in most RNA viruses and some DNA viruses results in the formation of a viral quasispecies. Uncovering information about quasispecies populations significantly benefits the study of disease progression, antiviral drug design, vaccine design and viral pathogenesis. We present a new analysis pipeline called ViQuaS for viral quasispecies spectrum reconstruction using short next-generation sequencing reads. ViQuaS is based on a novel reference-assisted de novo assembly algorithm for constructing local haplotypes. A significantly extended version of an existing global strain reconstruction algorithm is also used.
Results: Benchmarking results showed that ViQuaS outperformed three other previously published methods named ShoRAH, QuRe and PredictHaplo, with improvements of at least 3.1–53.9% in recall, 0–12.1% in precision and 0–38.2% in F-score in terms of strain sequence assembly and improvements of at least 0.006–0.143 in KL-divergence and 0.001–0.035 in root mean-squared error in terms of strain frequency estimation, over the next-best algorithm under various simulation settings. We also applied ViQuaS on a real read set derived from an in vitro human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 population, two independent datasets of foot-and-mouth-disease virus derived from the same biological sample and a real HIV-1 dataset and demonstrated better results than other methods available.
Availability and implementation: http://sourceforge.net/projects/viquas/
Contact: d.jayasundara@student.unimelb.edu.au
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
R/qtlcharts: interactive graphics for quantitative trait locus mapping
Authors: Broman Karl W. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractEvery data visualization can be improved with some level of interactivity. Interactive graphics hold particular promise for the exploration of high-dimensional data. R/qtlcharts is an R package to create interactive graphics for experiments to map quantitative trait loci (QTL; genetic loci that influence quantitative traits). R/qtlcharts serves as a companion to the R/qtl package, providing interactive versions of R/qtl’s static graphs, as well as additional interactive graphs for the exploration of high-dimensional genotype and phenotype data.
Capacitive detection of organic vapours at low ppm level by porous silicon: role of molecular structure in sensing mechanism
Authors: Hasan P.M.Z. , Islam Sheikh S. , Islam Tarikul , Azam Ameer , Harsh  
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the dependence of capacitive sensing of organic vapours by porous silicon (PS) on its molecular structure for the realization of a organic vapour sensor, compatible with existing silicon technology, with desired miniaturization and selectivity.Design/methodology/approachThe method introduces large surface area of PS obtained by electrochemically etching of silicon wafer for characterization of organic vapours through capacitive sensing.FindingsThe method provides a comparative study of sensor response for organic vapour molecules of different structures and leads to an insight into the sensing mechanism.Research limitations/implicationsThe surface of PS has been stabilized by thermal oxidation process.Practical implicationsThe method is useful for the development of a simple, cost‐effective sensor for selective gas analysis.Originality/valueThe result is an outcome of regular experimental work carried out to observe the capacitive sensing behavior of PS for different organic vapours.
Staff experiences of working in crisis resolution and home treatment
Authors: Freeman Jon , Vidgen Andrew , Davies‐Edwards Ellen 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore staff experiences of working in Crisis Resolution and Home Treatment (CRHT). There is a paucity of research in the area and a particular lack of in‐depth qualitative accounts of staff experiences with most research focused on output and outcomes of CRHTs, including inpatient admission and bed‐occupancy rates.Design/methodology/approachInterpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to investigate participants' experiences of working in this service context. Five CRHT workers were interviewed about their experiences, including the aspects of their work that they found enjoyable and those that they found stressful, and how they coped with challenges related to the work.FindingsThree master themes, each with corresponding subordinate themes, emerged from the analysis. These were: “motivating factors”, “stressors” and “coping”. These findings indicated these subjective experiences emphasised the opportunities to make a difference and help service users and build therapeutic relationships. Perceived stressors were understood in the context of a complex service context, operational issues, responsibility for service users, and supervision and training needs.Research limitations/implicationsThe implications of the research for CRHT staff are discussed as well as the limitations of this study.Originality/valueThis study offers a timely development in understanding the experiences of staff working in CRHTs.
Measuring brand performance through metrics application
Authors: Rajagopal  
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the essential components of a brand metrics strategy and application of brand scorecard as an integrated approach to measure the overall performance of brands. Tools for brand performance measurement are integrated by firms into brand measurement systems, with new models for prioritizing the factors of brand influence introduced continuously. Hence, brands need to be periodically measured in terms of the impact on consumers, stimulating market demand, sustaining seasonality effects and exploring opportunities for proliferation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper determines the essential components of a brand metrics strategy conceptualizing the inter‐dependence of “Five‐A” factors which include awareness, acquaintance, association, allegiance and appraisal to measure the performance of brands. The application of a brand scorecard process as an integrated approach to measure the overall performance of brands is also discussed, explaining how different constituents of metrics can be linked to business performance.FindingsBrand metrics are considered to be effective tools for measuring the qualitative parameters of brand performance in a given market and time, allowing the firm to measure the effectiveness of brand‐building activity in reference to brand investment (financial inputs) and brand impact (growth outputs) in the business. It is also argued in the paper that brand management is not just a marketing issue; it also directly affects corporate profitability. Effective brand portfolio management starts by creating a fact base about the equity in each brand and the brand's economic contribution.Research limitations/implicationsAn effective brand measurement system helps businesses to understand how the brand is performing with the framework of customer values and against competing brands. This is a simple and effective tool of measuring brand performance in the market woven around the principle of pooling quantitative variables in various combinations in the metrics. It is important for a firm to understand relationships between brand perception, brand performance and financial impact, to work within the brand metrics process.Practical implicationsApplication of brand metrics and brand scorecard would be useful for the managers to conduct analysis of brand metrics for mapping yield‐loss score in reference to brands gained versus brands lost. The metrics tools help in measuring the impact of various market drivers such as demand, consumer preferences, retail sales, brand promotion, price sensitivity, product attributes, trial effects and repeat purchase behavior of consumers on the performance of brands.Originality/valueBrand metrics is a new concept and plays a major role in measuring the performance of brand in the market and applications of brand scorecard helps the process of determining the brand yield.
The Admiral Nurse Academy: a clinical academic pathway to support a specialist dementia nursing service
Authors: Hibberd Penny 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper seeks to provide an overview of The Admiral Nurse Academy, which provides a web‐based resource for the clinical and academic development of all admiral nurses. Its role is to: facilitate changes to practice development and group supervision; support knowledge development and learning and regulate the Admiral Nurse Induction Programme. The introduction of the Admiral Nurse Competency Framework in 2003 marked its beginning.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides background on the development and role of Admiral Nursing and an overview of The Admiral Nurse Academy in providing training.FindingsThe need for Admiral Nurses to develop a transparent framework of regulating their practice and learning is consistent both with developments in nursing more widely and with recent UK policy emphasis on enhancing the quality of the dementia care workforce. In addition to offering a clinical and academic pathway tailored to each Admiral Nurse, the academy offers a route for those practicing at an advanced level to ensure their clinical expertise and leadership skills are commensurate with master's level qualifications. Dementia UK promotes and maintains the business development of admiral nursing. A senior Admiral Nurse group maintains and oversees the academy.Originality/valueAt a time when public sector resources are shrinking whilst demands on care services and calls for improved care quality are increasing, The Admiral Nurse Academy offers a timely reminder of the importance of practice development for specialist nurses working with people with dementia and their family carers wherever they may be in the service system and whatever their level of need.
Elastodynamic response of thermoelastic diffusion due to inclined load
Authors: Sharma Nidhi , Kumar Rajneesh , Ram Paras 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe paper's aim is to investigate a two‐dimensional deformation of homogeneous, anisotropic generalized thermoelastic diffusion as a result of an inclined load by applying Laplace and Fourier transforms. The inclined load is assumed to be a linear combination of a normal load and a tangential load.Design/methodology/approachAs an application, concentrated and distributed loads have been taken to illustrate the utility of the approach. The transformed solutions are inverted numerically, using a numerical inversion technique.FindingsThe variations of normal displacement, temperature distribution and chemical potential distribution due to different sources for different angle of inclinations with distance have been shown graphically to depict the effect of diffusion and anisotropy. A special case is also deduced from the present investigation.Originality/valueIt can contribute to the theoretical consideration of the seismic and volcanic sources since it can account for the deformation fields in the entire volume surrounding the sources region.
The impact of trial on technology adoption: the case of mobile TV
Authors: Soscia Isabella , Arbore Alessandro , Hofacker Charles F. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to look at television delivered to a mobile device, in order to better understand the adoption of such services. The research focuses on the role of trial in new technology‐based services adoption. The authors hypothesize that trial increases both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, and that it is especially effective with women.Design/methodology/approachA field experiment was conducted to test the hypotheses of the study. A two group independent groups design was used to manipulate product trial, while the other variables were measured by questionnaire.FindingsThe authors' empirical results reveal that product trial positively impacts perceived ease of use, but not perceived usefulness. It is also shown that the relationship between product trial and ease of use is stronger for females than for males. Moreover, product trial, working through perceived ease of use, influences the intention to adopt the new technology.Practical implicationsIn many cases where a service is provided by software, the cost of offering a trial is quite modest and management ought to give it serious thought as a promotional tactic.Social implicationsOur research suggests that trial can be quite efficacious with women: it could help to increase confidence in consumers' ability to use new technologies.Originality/valueWhile numerous researchers have studied the impact of communication on adopting new technology‐based services, the present studies emphasize that product trial is a key yet underutilized – and understudied – marketing tactic for such services.
Managing continuity and change: a new approach for strategizing in e‐government
Authors: Nasim Saboohi , Sushil  
Published: November 2014

PurposeManaging e‐government is invariably managing change. Despite plethora of literature on change management, the rate of success of e‐government projects is dismal, especially in developing countries. Deriving from strategy and change management literature, this paper seeks to present a new approach to strategize for better change outcomes in e‐government domain. A new construct of “continuity” is introduced and proposed to be managed concurrently with change forces to attain better delivery of strategic deliverables in e‐government projects.Design/methodology/approachContinuity and change forces affecting e‐government domain identified from the literature are statistically validated by conducting an “idea engineering” exercise. For this response from e‐government experts to a structured questionnaire is elicited to validate the forces, which are further modeled in the strategic framework proposed.FindingsDrawing from strategy and change management literature, it is hypothesized that “managing change in e‐government can be better leveraged by consciously and concurrently managing continuity”. Based on expert survey, out of the initial six continuity and eight change forces proposed, only one continuity force has been dropped and the rest are further modeled in the framework. Propositions for future research and implications for policy makers and implementers are highlighted.Practical implicationsGiven the low rate of success of e‐government initiatives, especially in developing countries, this framework may serve as an important approach to strategizing in e‐government domain and may be of value to not just the policy makers but also to other stakeholders like project planners, implementers and also the beneficiaries.Originality/valueThe value of this paper lies in the application of the concept of strategic management of continuity and change in e‐government domain; identification of continuity and change forces in e‐government; and proposing a model linking the “constructs of continuity and change” forces with strategic deliverables of e‐government.