bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ExoRNAi exposes contrasting roles for sugar exudation in host-finding by plant pathogens
Authors: Warnock Neil D , Wilson Leonie , Canet-Perez Juan V , Fleming Thomas , Fleming Colin C , Maule Aaron G , Dalzell Johnathan J 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPlant parasitic nematodes (PPN) locate host plants by following concentration gradients of root exudate chemicals in the soil. We present a simple method for RNAi-induced knockdown of genes in tomato seedling roots, facilitating the study of root exudate composition, and PPN responses. Knockdown of sugar transporter genes,stp1andstp2in tomato seedlings triggers corresponding reductions of glucose and fructose, but not xylose, in collected root exudate. This corresponds directly with reduced infectivity and stylet thrusting of the promiscuous PPNMeloidogyne incognita,however we observe no impact on the infectivity or stylet thrusting of the selective Solanaceae PPNGlobodera pallida.This approach can underpin future efforts to understand the early stages of plant-pathogen interactions in tomato, and potentially other crop plants.
Do negative acts in Italian academia have a quadratic relationship with determinants of health?
Authors: Fadda Salvatore , Giorgi Gabriele , Benitez Muñoz Juan Luis , Justicia Justicia Fernando , Solinas Giuliana 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of workplace bullying in an Italian university.

Design/methodology/approach
– More than 200 workers have completed the Italian version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire.

Findings
– The results show a spread of low to medium negative actions in the specific setting. In addition, the effects of negative actions on health are less serious than believed by most of the studies on workplace bullying.

Originality/value
– In particular, a quadratic regression model appears to be more appropriate than a linear model.
Entrepreneurial orientation in business schools
Authors: Abou- Warda Sherein H. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the differences between the four main kinds of business schools in Egypt (private; internationally affiliated; public with local programs; and public with international programs) in terms of perceptions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO).

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were gathered 212 with a response rate of 55.1 percent from a sample of academics in the four groups of business schools (private; internationally affiliated; public with local programs; and public with international programs) using self-administered questionnaires. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to check EO, construct validity and to identify meaningful factors. MANOVA was performed by using factors identified in the previous step to establish whether any significant differences exist between the four groups.

Findings
– The results show that differences between the four groups exist in terms of four sub-constructs of EO (research mobilization, unconventionality activities, industry collaboration, and perception of university policies) which successfully predict business school involvement in accreditation and commercialization setting.

Practical implications
– It is meaningful to conduct a comparative study of EO; the results of this study may be broadly applied to higher education (HE) systems in other countries where strong entrepreneurship has contribute to building a more solid economy.

Originality/value
– The recent literature has put little effort in understanding the effects of cultural differences among universities and its departments in terms of EO and none in identifying the differences between HE systems on the same topic.
Passion and compassion represent dualities for growth
Authors: Brink Tove 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to enhance the understanding of the impact of passion and compassion on innovation and growth and, in this way, add to the current knowledge on organising growth in the context of networking small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approach– The research was conducted in three networks with a sample of 55 separate SMEs. Through a quantitative study, the anticipated positive impact of passion and compassion on growth and on intermediate innovation issues were tested.Findings– The analyses reveal no direct significant impacts of passion (own-profitability and interest) and compassion (other-profitability and interest) on growth. However, compassion had a very significant positive impact on manager ideas, which in turn had a positive impact on growth. Passion also had a positive impact, but this was proportionally much smaller. Moreover, the ability to organise the dualities of passion and compassion made a contribution to growth.Research limitations/implications– The results of the research enhance the understanding of an integrative approach of passion and compassion to innovation in a network context.Practical implications– Networking SMEs can use the findings to better understand and organise own actions to pursue growth. Policy bodies can use the findings to motivate SMEs to pursue growth.Originality/value– The findings of this study enhance the theoretical understanding of passion and compassion and their integrated impact on growth. In firm networks, compassion and passion have a dual impact with compassion being most significant to enable innovation and growth. A contribution is hereby made to organise growth in firm networks.
Graduate leadership students’ perspective on including spiritual topics
Authors: Allen Stuart , Williams Peter 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to explore working students’ perspectives on the inclusion of spiritual topics in graduate leadership and management programs at secular, nonreligious, and multifaith universities. The growth in interest in spiritual issues at work and in leadership and management education suggests that spiritual topics have a role to play in leadership and management education, but this has not been systematically researched from a student perspective.Design/methodology/approach– A total of 128 graduate students in leadership and management programs were surveyed using a 22-item rating scale-based questionnaire, with three additional open-ended items. Questions were developed from a survey of the literature.Findings– Descriptive analysis suggests support for the inclusion of spiritual components in courses but emphasizes students’ desire for an unbiased learning experience. Factor analysis not only revealed student perceptions being influenced by openness to and interest in the topic but also identified concern or fear when engaging others in the educational context. Analysis of qualitative results supported the quantitative findings but provided a richer understanding of students’ perceptions of benefits (e.g. diversity awareness) and concerns (e.g. student and instructor bias).Practical implications– This research suggests a role for spiritual topics in management and leadership programs, with appropriate caution, classroom facilitation skill and control of bias by instructors.Originality/value– This study provides a systematic exploration of students’ perspectives on the inclusion of spirituality in graduate leadership and management programs.
Trust antecedents: emotional intelligence and perceptions of others
Authors: Christie Anne M.H. , Jordan Peter J. , Troth Ashlea C. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine if teachers’ trust in others is predicted by their perceptions of others and their emotional intelligence. Employees need to trust others to achieve outcomes, and a lack of trust can have a negative impact on workplace performance.Design/methodology/approach– The paper surveys a sample of 84 employed teachers.Findings– Our findings show that perceptions of others’ ability, benevolence and integrity are strongly and positively associated with trust. The emotional intelligence ability to perceive emotions is also related to trust. Regression analysis showed that perceptions of others (ability and integrity) and an individual’s emotional intelligence (perceiving) combined to predict a large portion of the variance in trust.Research limitations/implications– This study was limited by a small sample size and the use of a cross-sectional design. These issues were addressed in our analysis.Originality/value– The majority of trust research examines employee-to-manager trust. Our study is one of the few to examine trust among co-workers. This study also contributes to research on the emotional intelligence and trust relationship by showing that the ability to perceive one’s own and others emotions significantly predicts increases in trust. It also reaffirms that perceptions of others’ integrity and ability are strongly linked to trust, but that further investigation of the benevolence construct is required.
Developing understanding of the spiritual aspects to resilience
Authors: Smith Jonathan , Charles Ginger , Hesketh Ian 
Published: February 2015

Purpose –
The purpose of this paper is to deepen conceptual understanding of the spiritual components of resilience.

Design/methodology/approach
– A conceptual paper drawing on research the authors have been conducting on resilience within the police community for a combined period of over half-a-century.

Findings
– A more holistic conceptualisation of resilience and particularly a more detailed and accurate picture of the spiritual aspects to resilience which is applicable to a wide variety of public and private sector leadership situations, not just those within the police.

Practical implications
– The paper provides an increased appreciation of resilience which the authors hope will lead to more practical research in this area, with the longer term goal being to impact positively on practical workplace issues of major current concern in a wide variety of workplaces across the world.

Originality/value
– The paper's contribution is to promote the importance of resilience, provide a greater theoretical understanding of holistic perspectives of resilience and further develop the spiritual component of resilience. This contribution is important because many leaders currently have a limited appreciation of all the aspects of resilience.
Salient features of Jinnah's politics
Authors: Yousaf Nadeem 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– Jinnah was, to some extent, a successful leader in obtaining his goals of becoming the only spokesperson for Muslims in India and gaining a piece of land for Pakistan but the main question is whether these achievements can be attributed to transactional or transformational strategies. Has he managed transactional or transformational change in terms of political culture? This point will be discussed in the paper. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– A documentary analysis of behaviors, statements and incidents of Jinnah and other relevant personages.

Findings
– The research shows that Jinnah was neither a transformational nor a charismatic leader. Therefore, his success cannot be attributed to his transformational ideology or charismatic personality. The political maneuvers that he adopted by frequently changing his espoused values and theories-in-use are the sources of his transactional success. Moreover, it is the international events and the vested political interests of the British are among the significant reasons that brought him success.

Research limitations/implications
– In this work, a detailed comparison has not been made between voluminous theories of leadership because it is beyond the scope of this research. Moreover, it is not the intention of the paper to compare his leadership with that of other leaders; however, the future research in this direction might be useful. Indeed, the relevant leadership examples have been selected from the All India Congress with the major point of reference being the All India Muslim League – the party that brought him real recognition and fame.

Practical implications
– It is stressed in the research that overt success is not a sufficient criterion to categorize a leader in a specific category without analyzing espoused theory and theories-in-use. The study will help those researchers who are interested in understanding the current political culture of Pakistan. The research will be helpful in enhancing the debate within the theme of leadership, especially transformational, transactional and charismatic. Moreover, the paper will encourage other researchers to compare Jinnah's leadership with that of other political leaders of the world.

Originality/value
– The research is original as Jinnah's leadership from the perspectives of transformational and transactional leadership styles and the espoused theory and theories-in-use has, so far, not been discussed. It presents significant new arguments and information, which will be in the interest of researchers.
A tool for public services research and development
Authors: Edwards Anne 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to introduce in detail a research tool, which was first used to examine how the motivated actions of leaders in public services, such as Directors of Children's Services, take forward their strategic purposes and subsequently adapted for revealing the strategic actions of Family Support Workers.Design/methodology/approach– The theoretical bases for the research tool are given in some depth and examples of the tool and its possibilities for adaptation are provided.Findings– This conceptual paper provides a resource for examining the connection between strategic purposes and motivated actions in everyday leadership practices.Research limitations/implications– The explication of theoretical foundations of the tool prepares the ground for further adaptations to meet the needs of other research studies which aim at analytically linking actions and strategies in studies of leadership in the public services.Practical implications– The tool has proven potential as a resource for reflective practice and professional learning.Originality/value– The arguments are based in cultural-historical approaches to understanding motivated action in institutional practices. This approach has been employed in a study of leadership in children's services, and the present paper gives detailed access to the main methodological device used in that study.
How manufacturer market orientation influences B2B customer satisfaction and retention: empirical investigation of the three market orientation components
Authors: Guo Chiquan , Wang Yong 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to examine how the three market orientation components (customer orientation, competitor orientation and interfunctional coordination) influence industrial manufacturers’ customer relationship management outcomes in a business-to-business (B2B) context.

Design/methodology/approach
– In linking market orientation components and their relationship outcomes, the authors examined the moderating effect of interfunctional coordination. The model was tested using data collected from 279 manufacturing firms in the USA.

Findings
– While customer orientation and competitor orientation both influence customer relationship outcomes, interfunctional coordination does not. However, interfunctional coordination lessens the positive relationships between customer orientation and customer retention as well as between competitor orientation and customer satisfaction. Although competitor orientation has a slightly stronger impact on customer satisfaction than customer orientation does, it only has an indirect relationship with customer retention through customer satisfaction.

Originality/value
– The findings illustrated the effects of the three components of market orientation on customer relationship outcomes within manufacturing-centered firms, and provided managerial implications to industrial manufacturers on market orientation implementation strategies in regard to successful B2B customer relationship management.
Marketing resource-capability complementarity and firm performance in B2B firms
Authors: O'Cass Aron , Ngo Liem Viet , Siahtiri Vida 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– This study aims to examine how market orientation (MO), marketing resources and marketing resource deployment are related and impact business-to-business (B2B) firm- and customer-level performance.Design/methodology/approach– A self-administrated questionnaire was used to collect data from 251 firms out of a sample of 1000 B2B firms selected from a database of businesses.Findings– Marketing resources and marketing capability are complementary in contributing to both firm and customer performance. In addition, they are partial mediators of the relationship between MO and firm- and customer-level performance. Only marketing resources fully mediate the relationship between MO and firm-level performance.Research limitations/implications– This study relied on self-reporting by marketing executives, thus inferences about causality should be made with caution. Specifically, the time sequence of the relationships among resource possession and resource deployment and marketing results is not easily discernible with cross-sectional data.Originality/value– This study sought to address research gaps in the two research streams; MO-firm performance via the mediating role of marketing resources and deployment, and the resource based view (RBV) resource–deployment interaction. Our contribution to the literature is threefold. First, MO indirectly enhances performance at both firm and customer level via marketing resources and marketing resource deployment. Second, while possessing marketing resources does explain some of the economic rent differentials, the effect depends fundamentally on how firms deploy their marketing resources. Third, our findings suggest research on resources, resource deployment and cross-level firm performance should be conducted at the business process level within firms.
The value creation scale of supplier-distributor relationship in international markets
Authors: Lai Chi-Shiun , Chan Delphine Ya-Chu , Yang Chin-Fang , Hsu Wei-Chun 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to develop a value-creation measurement which is applicable to the supplier–overseas distributor relationship. As cross-border cooperation is increasingly important, there is yet no appropriate scale to measure the relationship value between the supplier and the distributor in cross-boundary context.Design/methodology/approach– With a view to establishing the measurement scale for the relationship value created between manufacturer and its overseas distributor, this study uses exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and regression to test reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity and nomological validity of the scale.Findings– The scale is made up of six factors, including “customer service”, “relationship interaction”, “cost reduction”, “product promotion”, “product sales” and “information offering”; subsequent statistical tests strongly support the measurement.Research limitations/implications– First, the sample collection was not conducted randomly, and the sample was limited to 190 valid questionnaires. Future research might be conducted randomly or in a longitudinal fashion to increase the sample size. Second, this study focuses mainly on manufacturers in the mechanical parts industry and was conducted unilaterally to discuss the creation of relationship value. It is suggested that future researchers investigate relationship value generated in cross-border cooperation from a bilateral perspective or discuss cooperative relationships in other industries.Practical implications– This study creates a functional scale to measure the supplier–distributor value creation in cross-border cooperation, and it proves that six factors pertaining to relationship value have significant positive correlation with operating performance; in this regard, in supplier–distributor cooperative relationship, more value the distributor creates for its supplier, the better the operating performance of the supplier will be.Originality/value– In the academic sense, this measurement will be of substantial help to future empirical research on a larger scale. When applied to practice, this measurement supplements the extant body of value-measuring tools and works as an evaluation index for choosing overseas distributor.
Understanding the relevance of ethics reviews of ICT research in UK computing departments using dialectical hermeneutics
Authors: Eke Damian Okaibedi , Stahl Bernd Carsten , Fidler Christine 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to attempt to investigate how Information and Communications Technology (ICT) researchers in UK computing departments address ethics in their research. Whilst research and innovation in ICT has blossomed in the last two decades, the ethical, social and legal challenges they present have also increased. However, the increasing attention the technical development receives has not been replicated in the area of developing effective guidelines that can address the moral issues inherent in ICT research.Design/methodology/approach– This research is qualitative and made use of interviews. The data analysis was done with dialectical hermeneutics. Through a dialectical hermeneutic process, this research unpacks different understandings of relevance attached to ethics reviews of ICT research in UK computing departments.Findings– The findings include that ethics reviews are relevant because; it is a moral duty, it improves trust for researchers, it is part of risk assessment, it is in compliance with the law and it is a sustainable act.Practical implications– These various understandings illustrate an important dialectic process on the current state of the art in ICT research.Social implications– It asks to what degree the currently dominant model of ethics review based on biomedical ethics is optimal to ICT.Originality/value– It proposes a framework that can effectively help researchers and administrators to ensure responsible research and innovation in ICT. Finally, it identifies that ICT researchers would benefit from the developing repertoire of responsible research innovation.
The clean side of Slow Tech: an overview
Authors: Patrignani Norberto , Whitehouse Diane 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to provide an overview of clean information and communication technology (ICT), including a brief review of recent developments in the field and a lengthy set of possible reading matter. The need to rethink the impact of ICTs on people’s lives and the survival of the planet is beginning to be addressed by a Slow Tech approach. Among Slow Tech’s main questions are these two: Is ICT sustainable in the long term? What should be done by computer ethics scholars, computer professionals, policy makers and society in general to ensure that clean ICT can be produced, used and appropriately disposed of?Design/methodology/approach– The paper is based on a comprehensive review of clean tech-related literature and an investigation of progress made in the clean tech field.Findings– This opening paper of aJournal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Societyspecial session aims to provide an overview of clean ICT, including a brief review of recent developments in the field and a lengthy set of possible reading matter. As a result, it is anticipated that Slow Tech – and in this case, its second component of clean ICT – can provide a compass to steer research, development and the use and reuse of environmentally friendly, sustainable ICT.Originality/value– This conceptual paper emphasises that, until only recently, no one questioned the potential long-term sustainability of ICT. This issue is, however, now very much a matter that is on the research and teaching, and action, agenda.