bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grain prices, oil prices, and multiple smooth breaks in a VAR
Authors: Enders Walter , Jones Paul 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIgnored structural breaks in a VAR result in a misspecified model such that Granger causality tests are improperly sized; there is a bias towards a rejection of the null hypothesis of non-causality even when the null is correct. Instead of modeling structural breaks as being sharp, changes in the relationship between the maize and petroleum markets are likely to have occurred gradually. We show the flexible Fourier form has good size and power properties in testing for smooth structural change in a VAR. When applied to a VAR including maize and oil prices, we uncover important linkages between the two markets.
Reference to kinds and to other generic expressions in Spanish: definiteness and number
Authors: Borik Olga , Espinal M. Teresa 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the study of definite kinds and other generic expressions, such as subkinds and definite plurals in argument position in Romance, namely Spanish. We support the claim that definite kinds denote the kind itself and are the expression of D-genericity in this type of languages. We argue that at the syntax-semantics interface definite kinds are numberless DPs composed by applying a
A “Practical Outlet” to Premillennial Faith: G. Douglas Young and the Evolution of Christian Zionist Activism in Israel
Authors: Hummel Daniel G. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractG. Douglas Young, the founder of the American Institute of Holy Land Studies (now Jerusalem University College), is a largely forgotten figure in the history of Christian Zionism. Born into a fundamentalist household, Young developed an intense identification with Jews and support for the state of Israel from an early age. By 1957, when he founded his Institute, Young developed a worldview that merged numerous strands of evangelical thinking—dispensationalism, neo-evangelicalism, and his own ideas about Jewish-Christian relations—into a distinctive understanding of Israel. Young's influence in American evangelicalism reached a climax in the years 1967–1971. This period, and Young's activism therein, represents a distinct phase in the evolution of Jewish-evangelical relations and evangelical Christian Zionism. Young's engagement with the Israeli state prefigured the Christian Zionists of the 1980s.This article examines Young's distinctive theology and politics and situates them in intellectual and international contexts. It argues that Young sought to place Christian Zionism at the center of American evangelicalism after 1967 and that his effort was only partially successful. While Young spoke to thousands of evangelicals, trained hundreds of students, and sat on boards and committees to broaden the appeal of Christian Zionism, he also met stiff resistance by some members of the American evangelical establishment. The Jerusalem Conference on Biblical Prophecy, which saw Young collide with Carl F. H. Henry, a leading American evangelical, illustrates the limits of Young's efforts. Ultimately, a look at Young reframes the rise of Christian Zionism among American evangelicals and situates activism in Israel as central to the development of Jewish-evangelical relations in the twentieth century.
Immunohistochemical expression of stem cell markers in pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas is associated with SDHx mutations
Authors: Oudijk L , Neuhofer C M , Lichtenauer U D , Papathomas T G , Korpershoek E , Stoop H , Oosterhuis J W , Smid M , Restuccia D F , Robledo M , de Cubas A A , Mannelli M , Gimenez-Roqueplo A P , Dinjens W N M , Beuschlein F , de Krijger R R 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivePheochromocytomas (PCCs) are neuroendocrine tumors that occur in the adrenal medulla, whereas paragangliomas (PGLs) arise from paraganglia in the head, neck, thorax, or abdomen. In a variety of tumors, cancer cells with stem cell-like properties seem to form the basis of tumor initiation because of their ability to self-renew and proliferate. Specifically targeting this small cell population may lay the foundation for more effective therapeutic approaches. In the present study, we intended to identify stem cells in PCCs/PGLs.DesignWe examined the immunohistochemical expression of 11 stem cell markers (SOX2, LIN28, NGFR, THY1, PREF1, SOX17, NESTIN, CD117, OCT3/4, NANOG, and CD133) on tissue microarrays containing 208 PCCs/PGLs with different genetic backgrounds from five European centers.ResultsSOX2, LIN28, NGFR, and THY1 were expressed in more than 10% of tumors, and PREF1, SOX17, NESTIN, and CD117 were expressed in <10% of the samples. OCT3/4, NANOG, and CD133 were not detectable at all. Double staining for chromogranin A/SOX2 and S100/SOX2 demonstrated SOX2 immunopositivity in both tumor and adjacent sustentacular cells. The expression of SOX2, SOX17, NGFR, LIN28, PREF1, and THY1 was significantly associated with mutations in one of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) genes. In addition, NGFR expression was significantly correlated with metastatic disease.ConclusionImmunohistochemical expression of stem cell markers was found in a subset of PCCs/PGLs. Further studies are required to validate whether some stem cell-associated markers, such as SOX2, could serve as targets for therapeutic approaches and whether NGFR expression could be utilized as a predictor of malignancy.
Fetal cell microchimerism: a protective role in autoimmune thyroid diseases
Authors: Cirello Valentina , Rizzo Roberta , Crippa Milena , Campi Irene , Bortolotti Daria , Bolzani Silvia , Colombo Carla , Vannucchi Guia , Maffini Maria Antonia , de Liso Federica , Ferrero Stefano , Finelli Palma , Fugazzola Laura 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveThe physiological persistence of fetal cells in the circulation and tissue of a previously pregnant woman is called fetal cell microchimerism (FCM). It has been hypothesized to play a role in systemic autoimmune disease; however, only limited data are available regarding its role in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD).DesignCirculating FCM was analyzed in a large series of previously pregnant women with Graves' disease (GD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), or no disease (healthy controls (HCs)). To exclude the possible bias related to placental factors, the polymorphic pattern of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) gene, which is known to be involved in the tolerance of fetal cells by the maternal immune system, was investigated.MethodsFCM was evaluated by PCR in the peripheral blood, and the Y chromosome was identified by fluorescencein situhybridization in some GD tissues.HLA-Gpolymorphism typing was assessed by real-time PCR.ResultsFCM was significantly more frequent in HC (63.6%) than in GD (33.3%) or HT (27.8%) women (P=0.0004 andP=0.001 respectively). A quantitative analysis confirmed that circulating male DNA was more abundant in HC than it was in GD or HT. Microchimeric cells were documented in vessels and in thyroid follicles. In neither GD/HT patients nor HC women was theHLA-Gtyping different between FCM-positive and FCM-negative cases.ConclusionThe higher prevalence of FCM in HC as compared to GD and HT patients suggests that it plays a possible protective role in autoimmune thyroid disorders. Placental factors have been excluded as determinants of the differences found. The vascular and tissue localization of microchimeric cells further highlights the ability of those cells to migrate to damaged tissues.
Multiple-embryo transfer for studying very early maternal–embryo interactions in cattle
Authors: Gómez E , Muñoz M 
Published: April 2015

In the present paper, we highlight the need to study very early maternal–embryo interactions and discuss how these interactions can be addressed. Bovine species normally carry one or, less frequently, two embryos to term; there are very rare cases of triplets or higher-order multiple pregnancies in which all the offspring are born alive. Multiple-embryo transfer (MET) in cattle allows for the detection of endometrial responses in scenarios where single-embryo transfer would not. Although MET is non-physiological, the present study shows that at the very early embryonic stages, a uterus carrying zona-enclosed embryos does not exhibit non-physiological reactions. On the contrary, MET should be considered the sum of multiple individual effects triggered by developing embryos. We provide arguments to support our hypothesis that describe a rationale for current work with MET, and we discuss alternative hypotheses. Using cattle as a model, we describe how technical approaches to analyzing zona-enclosed early embryo–maternal interactions (i.e., transcriptomics, proteomics, and endometrial cell culture) can help identify molecular changes that may be difficult to observe when only a single embryo is present. We conclude that MET can be used for studying very early maternal–embryo interactionsin vivoin monotocous species.Free Spanish abstractA Spanish translation of this abstract is freely available athttp://www.reproduction-online.org/content/150/2/R35/suppl/DC1.
Komunikacinė veikla Lietuvos muziejuose 2011 metais
Authors: Laužikas Rimvydas 
Published: April 2015

Šiuolaikiniuose muziejaus apibrėžimuose akcentuojamos keturios pagrindinės šios institucijos funkcijos: paveldo kaupimas, išsaugojimas, tyrimai ir komunikacija1. Muziejų kaip institucijų istorijoje skirtingu laikotarpiu vienas funkcijas laikyta pagrindinėmis, kitas – pagalbinėmis. Šiuolaikinį požiūrį į muziejų veiklos prioritetus taikliai suformulavo žymus austrų muzeologas Fridrichas Vaidacheris. Jo nuomone, muziejininkystė yra „<...> savitas žmogaus santykis su tikrove, tikslingas ir sistemingas tam tikrų tikrovės daiktų išskyrimas, rinkimas, išsaugojimas ir tolesnis naudojimas kultūroje <...>“ (Waidacher, 2007). [...]
Lietuvos muziejų rinkinių konservavimas ir restauravimas 2003–2011 metais
Authors: Puškorius Arūnas , Verseckas Darius 
Published: April 2015

Nuolat pastebimas didėjantis dėmesys kultūros paveldui ir instituciniu, ir visuomeniniu lygmeniu. Galima įžvelgti ir esminių pokyčių, nes paveldo vertinimo kriterijai ir suvokimas šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje kinta. Lietuvos kultūros politikos nuostatose pabrėžiama, kad muziejų vaidmuo šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje keičiasi. Muziejai turi derinti vertybių kaupimą ir saugojimą su komunikacija, informacijos teikimu visuomenei, jos švietimu“ (Senapėdis, 2003). [...]
The Early Benefits of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination on Cervical Dysplasia and Anogenital Warts
Authors: Smith Leah M. , Strumpf Erin C. , Kaufman Jay S. , Lofters Aisha , Schwandt Michael , Lévesque Linda E. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND:
Despite widespread promotion of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) vaccination for young girls, there is limited information on the vaccine’s real-world effectiveness and none on the effectiveness of qHPV vaccination programs. We assessed the impact of the qHPV vaccine and Ontario’s grade 8 qHPV vaccination program on cervical dysplasia and anogenital warts (AGW).

METHODS:
By using administrative health databases of Ontario, Canada, we identified a population-based retrospective cohort of girls in grade 8 before (2005/2006–2006/2007) and after (2007/2008–2008/2009) program implementation. Vaccine exposure was ascertained in grades 8 to 9 and outcomes in grades 10 to 12. A quasi-experimental approach known as regression discontinuity was used to estimate absolute risk differences (RDs), relative risks (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) attributable to vaccination and program eligibility (intention-to-treat analysis).

RESULTS:
The cohort comprised 131 781 ineligible and 128 712 eligible girls (n = 260 493). We identified 2436 cases of dysplasia and 400 cases of AGW. Vaccination significantly reduced the incidence of dysplasia by 5.70 per 1000 girls (95% CI −9.91 to −1.50), corresponding to a relative reduction of 44% (RR 0.56; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.87). Program eligibility also had a significant protective effect on dysplasia: RD −2.32/1000 (95% CI −4.02 to −0.61); RR 0.79 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.94). Results suggested decreases in AGW attributable to vaccination (RD −0.83/1000, 95% CI −2.54 to 0.88; RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.58) and program eligibility (RD −0.34/1000, 95% CI −1.03 to 0.36; RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.25).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study provides strong evidence of the early benefits of qHPV vaccination among girls aged 14 to 17 years, offering additional justification for not delaying vaccination.
Structural characterization of TiO2nanopowders by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Mamedov Sergey 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTTiO2nanopowders obtained using different methods with the mean size of 5, 15, and 30 nm have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy in wide spectral range. Nano-size of TiO2crystals lead to a shift and broadening of the first-order Raman lines through a relaxation of the q = 0 selection rule and effects on to the position, width and asymmetry of a Raman bands. The details of the evolution of the 142.9 cm-1Raman line shape on the size and distributions of the nanopowders are presented and discussed in frame of confined phonons model. Analysis of Raman spectra shows that structural characteristics of nanopowders may be different even size of the nanopowders is the same. Structural features of the material depend on preparation methods/conditions and can be extracted from Raman spectra of the material.
AÇÕES TRANSFORMADORAS DO CURSO DE ENFERMAGEM DA UNIVERSIDADE DO VALE DO PARAÍBA
Authors: Posso Maria Belén Salazar , Giaretta Vania Maria de Araújo , Sant'Anna Ana Lúcia Gargione Galvão 
Published: April 2015

É um estudo de análise documental com abordagem descritivo-exploratória das ações realizadas por docentes-enfermeiros nos quase 13 anos de existência do CE-FCS-UniVap, elaborado mediante a ordenação dos dados coletados dos documentos do acervo da UniVap e pessoal dos autores, seguido da análise dos documentos pertinentes que fundamentaram aqueles mais significantes das ações concretizadas pelos docentes - enfermeiros do CE-FCS-UniVap, as quais tem contribuído de modo indelével com o desenvolvimento científico, profissional e conseqüentemente, com a melhoria do processo educativo da FCS-UniVap e da assistência à saúde da população de São José dos Campos e com o Centro de Memória da UniVap.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ROTULAGEM DE ALIMENTOS DA CULINÁRIA JAPONESA
Authors: Abreu Edeli Simioni de , Yoshizaki Gabriela , Takahashi Anita Akiko 
Published: April 2015

A Agência de Vigilância Sanitária tornou obrigatória a rotulagem nutricional, de alimentos embalados, pelas resoluções RDC nº 39, nº 40 e nº 360, pois a informação sobre a composição nutricional dos alimentos comercializados é muito importante na contribuição para a saúde dos consumidores. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os conteúdos da informação nutricional apresentados nos rótulos de alimentos da culinária japonesa, disponíveis em estabelecimentos comerciais de um bairro oriental de São Paulo. Foram escolhidos quatro alimentos, conhecidos da culinária japonesa, comercializados em bairro oriental de São Paulo. Os alimentos escolhidos foram: tikuwa, manju, tofu e missô, totalizando seis amostras. As informações contidas nas embalagens desses alimentos foram analisadas de forma indireta, utilizando-se tabela específica de composição nutricional de alimentos da culinária japonesa, desenvolvida por pesquisadores da Universidade de São Paulo, de acordo com as resoluções da ANVISA RDC n° 39; RDC n° 40 e RDC n° 360. Os resultados demonstraram que 100% dos rótulos analisados não estavam em conformidade com a legislação vigente. O intervalo de variação foi de 10 a 93%, para proteínas, de 17 a 157%, para carboidratos, e de 10 a 136%, para gorduras totais, que, por se tratar de nutrientes energéticos, acarretam grande variação ao valor calórico dos produtos. Pode-se concluir que há uma disparidade muito grande entre o que esta no rótulo e o encontrado nas tabelas de composição de alimento.
PORCIONAMENTO, CONSUMO E DESPERDÍCIO EM UM RESTAURANTE ESCOLAR
Authors: Oliveira Telma de , Faquim Nathália Bernardo , Spinelli Mônica Glória Neumann 
Published: April 2015

A qualidade e quantidade dos alimentos ingeridos pela criança são essenciais, nos primeiros anos de vida, e acarretam repercussões nas práticas alimentares, ao longo desta. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, durante cinco dias, o porcionamento de alimentos, o consumo médio e o desperdício, em um restaurante de unidade escolar particular do município de São Paulo, com crianças de 5 a 6 anos, em 2011. O consumo alimentar variou entre 120,8 e 243,7g, a porcentagem de sobras de saladas entre 35,9 e 97,5%, e os restos entre 22,6 e 49,1%. Concluiu-se que o porcionamento variou de acordo com o funcionário que prepara o prato e não de acordo com o apetite ou vontade da criança. É importante que, além do conhecimento do per capita próprio, para essa faixa etária, estabeleça-se um sistema de self service para que a criança crie o seu próprio padrão de consumo.
An Integrated Horizontal- and Vertical-Flow Simulation With Application to Wax Precipitation
Authors: Trina S.. , Johansen T.. 
Published: April 2015

Summary
There is a lack of comprehensive simulation tools that (a) accommodate the complexities of advanced completions together with near-wellbore behavior and that (b) have reliable wax-precipitation models for production planning. In this work, these issues are tackled by combining three specific models. First, a steady-state, three-phase, nonisothermal flow model in advanced horizontal completions was implemented to run fluid-specific simulations, thereby calculating field-specific flow conditions. This is useful in situations when fluid-specific temperature calculations are important, such as wax crystallization. Second, a nonisothermal, vertical flow model was developed by combining Hagedorn and Brown's multiphase-flow correlation with Ramey's multiphase-temperature model by solving them in sequence (iteratively). The advanced horizontal-well model and vertical flow model were coupled iteratively at the bottom hole where the two models meet. Third, two different analytical wax-crystallization models were incorporated in the aforementioned coupled flow simulator to calculate the location of wax precipitation along the vertical section of the well. These three simulation models, individually and in combination, were tested and found to be in par with theory, expectations, and published results. In addition, a significant difference was noted between Ramey's analytical temperature profile (which is a widely used approximation) and the complete Ramey's model integrated with the simulator developed in this work.
Estimation of Fluid Composition From Downhole Optical Spectrometry
Authors: Indo Kentaro , Hsu Kai , Pop Julian 
Published: April 2015

Summary
During formation-tester operations, the use of downhole optical spectrometry has proved to be essential for reservoir-fluid characterization. Apart from the intrinsic value of fluid profiling, obtaining fluid properties downhole in real time is of particular interest because the results may affect the decision-making process during sampling and ultimately the success of the sampling operation.
A new methodology predicts petroleum-fluid composition from optical spectra acquired with wireline or while-drilling formation testers. The method comprises fluid typing, computation of fluid composition, and estimation of data-specific uncertainty. The fluid-typing algorithm is capable of categorizing a sample into three fluid types: gas, gas condensate, and oil. On the basis of the fluid type identified, the appropriate mapping matrix, which transforms optical spectra into compositions, is selected. The mapping matrix is derived from a database consisting of optical spectra, compositions, and pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) properties of a wide variety of petroleum fluids. The outputs of the composition algorithm are the weight fractions of the hydrocarbon pseudocomponents: C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6+, and carbon dioxide. The composition is used to estimate the gas/oil ratio (GOR) by means of an artificial-neural-network algorithm. As a measure of uncertainty, confidence intervals are computed for the predicted components of the composition and GOR. All results are available during acquisition of the data.
The accuracy of the algorithm in estimating composition, GOR, and their associated confidence intervals was assessed by comparing the results of the predictions against laboratory-derived results. Several field data sets were analyzed, and the results were compared with the results obtained by PVT laboratories on the same samples. The estimated composition and GOR showed very good agreement with PVT results. Furthermore, the algorithm provides more-accurate estimates of composition and GOR than are available with current downhole optical spectrometers.
On the Number of Polynomials with Coefficients In [n]
Authors: Andrica Dorin , Ionascu Eugen J. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In this paper we introduce several natural sequences related to polynomials of degree s having coefficients in {1,2, …,n} (n ∈ N) which factor completely over the integers. These sequences can be seen as generalizations of A006218. We provide precise methods for calculating the terms and investigate the asymptotic behavior of these sequences for s ∈ {1, 2, 3}.
On Generalized Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell Equations
Authors: Bérczes Attila , Pink István 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We give a brief survey on some classical and recent results concerning the generalized Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell equation. Moreover, we solve completely the equation x
2 + 11
a
17
b
= yn
in nonnegative integer unknowns with n ≧ 3 and gcd(x, y) = 1.
Euclidean Quotient Rings of Z[√−5]
Authors: Dumitrescu Tiberiu , Gica Alexandru 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
For a prime p, we prove elementarily that the ring Z[√−5, 1/p] is Euclidean if and only if it is a PID iff p = 2 or p is congruent to 3 or 7 modulo 20.
A Note on Coeffective 1–Differentiable Cohomology
Authors: Ida Cristian , Mercheşan Sabinşan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
After a brief review of some basic notions concerning 1-differentiable cohomology, named here ď-cohomology, we introduce a Lichnerowicz ď– cohomology in a classical way. Next, following the classical study of coeffective cohomology, a special attention is paid to the study of some problems concerning coeffective cohomology in the graded algebra of 1– differentiable forms. Also, the case of an almost contact metric (2n+1)– dimensional manifold is considered and studied in our context.
Join Spaces, Soft Join Spaces and Lattices
Authors: Leoreanu-Fotea Violeta , Davvaz Bijan , Feng Feng , Chiper Codrina 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to initiate and investigate new (soft) hy-perstructures, particularly (soft) join spaces, using important classes of lattices: modular and distributive. They are used in order to study (soft) hyperstructures constructed on the set of all convex sublattices of a lattice.
Sur la 2-Extension Maximale Non Ramifiée de la Z2-Extension Cyclotomique de Certains Corps Quadratiques
Authors: Mouhib Ali 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Soient ℓ et ℓ' deux nombres premiers distincts, k = Q(√ℓℓ') et k
∞ la Z
2-extension cyclotomique de k. Soient L
∞ la 2-extension maximale non ramifiée sur k
∞ et L
∞ la sous-extension abélienne maximale de L
∞
/k
∞. Sous certaines conditions sur les premiers ℓ et ℓ', nous etudions la structure des groupes de Galois Gal(L
∞/k
∞) et Gal(L
∞/k
∞).
Monogenic Functions in a Finite-Dimensional Semi-Simple Commutative Algebra
Authors: Plaksa S. A. , Pukhtaievych R. P. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We obtain a constructive description of monogenic functions taking values in a finite-dimensional semi-simple commutative algebra by means of holomorphic functions of the complex variable. We prove that the mentioned monogenic functions have the Gateaux derivatives of all orders. For monogenic functions we prove also analogues of classical integral theorems of the holomorphic function theory: the Cauchy integral theorems for surface and curvilinear integrals, the Morera theorem and the Cauchy integral formula.