bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transthyretin cardiac amyloid: Broad heart failure phenotypic spectrum and implications for diagnosis
Authors: Alonso Mileydis , Neicheril Radhika K. , Manla Yosef , McDonald Malcolm L. , Sanchez Alejandro , Lafave Gabrielle , Seijo De Armas Yelenis , Camargo Antonio Lewis , Uppal Dipan , Wolinsky David , Thakkar‐Rivera Nina , Velez Mauricio , Baran David A. , Estep Jerry D. , Snipelisky David 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsTransthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR‐CA) is most often associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, patients may present with impaired systolic function at the time of diagnosis, which has not been widely investigated. We sought to explore the prevalence of various heart failure (HF) phenotypes and their associated clinical characteristics at the time of ATTR‐CA diagnosis.MethodsWe performed a single‐centre retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with ATTR‐CA evaluated between February 2016 and December 2022. Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, imaging and laboratory findings were compared across HF phenotypes (age: 78.1 ± 8.6 years, with 91.1% male). A total of 21.6% (n = 46) presented with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 17.8% (n = 38) with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and 60.6% (n = 129) with HFpEF at the time of diagnosis with ATTR‐CA. Those presenting with HFrEF or HFmrEF were more likely to be African American and had significantly worse New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, higher N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and higher serum creatinine levels as compared with those with HFpEF.ConclusionsAlthough ATTR‐CA is traditionally thought to be seen primarily among patients with HFpEF, our data suggest that ATTR‐CA has a higher prevalence among patients with HFrEF, which underscores the importance of heightened clinical suspicion regardless of ejection fraction when considering ATTR‐CA. Furthermore, although comorbidities are similar, patients with HFmrEF and HFrEF had a worse symptom burden.
Composition, thermal, and microstructural characteristics of mutton tallows in comparison with beef tallows
Authors: Zhang Dan , Wang Tong , Yang Guolong , Hu Jingbo , Meng Pengcheng , Liu Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe composition, thermal properties, and microstructure of some mutton tallows (MTs), such as sheep tallow (ST), goat tallow (GT), and sheep tail tallow (STT), were investigated and compared with those of beef tallow (BT). The results showed that the fatty acids (FAs) in the MTs were dominated by oleic, stearic, and palmitic acids, which were similar to those of BTs; also there were some natural trans and odd‐carbon FAs occurred in these tallows. Comparison with STs, GTs, and BTs, STT had higher triunsaturated and diunsaturated‐monosaturated triacylglycerols (TAGs) and lower monounsaturated‐disaturated and trisaturated TAGs. Solid fat content (SFC) profile of STT was different those of STs, GTs, and BTs, whereas STs, GTs, and BTs had similar SFC profiles. In the range of 0–50°C, STT had a lower SFC compared with STs, GTs, and BTs at a given temperature. DSC results showed that MTs had melting and crystallization curves similar to BTs; and the GT, ST, and BT had higher melting and crystallization temperatures than STT. All MT and BTs crystals are β′ form; there also exists certain β form. The microscopic morphology of the STT was radial spherical aggregates, and those of other MT and BTs were consisted of radial inner core and low density outer halo area.Practical Application: The results of SFC, microstructure, and morphology indicated mutton tallows containing the desired crystal form and crystal morphology could be used as shortening base fats. The research can provide a theoretical basis for expanding the application of mutton tallows in food industry.
Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for chronic pain: Enhancing psychological well‐being without altering attentional biases towards pain faces
Authors: Robles Elena , Blanco Iván , Díez Gustavo , Vázquez Carmelo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study examines the effects of a Mindfulness‐Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program on psychological measures and attentional patterns to pain stimuli, using eye‐tracking methods, in individuals with chronic pain.MethodThirty‐two participants with chronic pain and no prior mindfulness experience were randomly assigned to an experimental group or a waiting list group. Both groups completed self‐report measures of symptoms, well‐being, and an attentional disengagement task using emotional faces as stimuli. Assessments were conducted at two points: before and after the intervention for the experimental group, with the waiting list group serving as a control.ResultsBefore the MBSR program, chronic pain participants exhibited significant attentional biases towards pain‐related stimuli during early attentional stages. Following the program, significant improvements were observed in depression, anxiety, stress, pain acceptance, overall well‐being, and life satisfaction. However, it had a limited impact on attentional patterns, with only a significant increase in gaze duration across all stimuli.DiscussionDespite the MBSR program's success in reducing symptoms associated with chronic pain, the lack of broader attentional improvements raises questions about the mechanisms responsible for psychological improvements.Significance StatementThis study pioneers the use of eye‐tracking to examine how MBSR influences attention in chronic back pain. While the program improved psychological well‐being, it did not generally alter attentional patterns, except for an increased ability to maintain attention across stimuli. We discuss whether this attentional change could be associated with the increased acceptance observed in the MBSR program.
Pain catastrophizing and trunk co‐contraction during lifting in people with and without chronic low back pain: A cross sectional study
Authors: Ippersiel Patrick , Preuss Richard , Kim Byungjin , Giannini Cristina , Robbins Shawn M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundTrunk co‐contraction during lifting may reflect a guarded motor response to a threatening task. This work estimated the impact of pain catastrophizing on trunk co‐contraction during lifting, in people with and without low back pain.MethodsAdults with high pain catastrophizing (back pain: n = 29, healthy: n = 7) and low pain catastrophizing (back pain: n = 20, healthy: n = 11), performed 10 repetitions of a lifting task. Electromyography data of rectus abdominis, erector spinae and external oblique muscles were collected, bilaterally. Co‐contraction indices were determined for rectus abdominis/erector spinae and external oblique/erector spinae pairings, bilaterally. Pain catastrophizing was measured using the pain catastrophizing scale and task‐specific fear using the Photograph series of daily activities scale. Three‐way mixed ANOVAs tested the effects of group (back pain vs. healthy), pain catastrophizing (high vs. low), lifting phase (lifting vs. replacing) and their interactions.ResultsThere were no main effects of pain catastrophizing, lifting phase, nor any interactions (p > 0.05). Group effects revealed greater co‐contraction for bilateral erector spinae/rectus abdominis pairings (but not erector spinae‐external oblique pairings) in people with back pain, compared to healthy participants, independent of pain catastrophizing and lifting phase (p < 0.05). Spearman correlations associated greater task‐specific fear and greater erector spinae‐left external oblique co‐contraction, only in people with back pain (p < 0.05).ConclusionsGreater co‐contraction in the back pain group occurred independent of pain catastrophizing, as measured with a general questionnaire. A task‐specific measure of threat may be more sensitive to detecting relationships between threat and co‐contraction.Significance StatementThis work contributes evidence that people with back pain commonly exhibit trunk co‐contraction when lifting. The lack of a relationship between pain catastrophizing and trunk co‐contraction, however, challenges evidence linking psychological factors and guarded motor behaviour in this group. Together, this suggests that other factors may be stronger determinants of co‐contraction in people with LBP or that a general construct like pain catastrophizing may not accurately represent this relationship.
Islands in the stream: Wood‐induced deposition and erosion in the river corridor
Authors: Marshall Anna , Wohl Ellen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLarge wood causes and responds to deposition and erosion within a river corridor. We focus on the anastomosing, gravel‐bed Swan River and two meandering, gravel‐bed tributaries in northwestern Montana, USA to explore the temporal dimensions of deposition and erosion associated with channel avulsions and island formation and to introduce the concept of wood levees. Channel avulsion represents isolation of part of the existing floodplain and formation of an anastomosing channel planform, with wood‐induced deposition at the point of channel bifurcation. Islands form at a wood jam that migrates upstream with time as sediment accumulates in the lee of the jam. The island creates only a local interruption of the single‐channel planform. We use tree‐ring and 14C dating to constrain wood‐induced island ages. We interpret the three wood‐induced forms of deposition and erosion that we describe here as reflecting a temporal continuum. Wood levees have primarily non‐woody vegetation and may be transient relative to the other features. Tributary islands appear to persist from a decade to over a century. Tree ages of 100–200 years at the floodplain avulsion site and the characteristics of the secondary channels suggest that these wood‐induced avulsion features can persist for more than a century. Understanding the temporal dynamics of wood‐induced features and spatial variation in erosion and deposition provides insight into the dynamics and spatial heterogeneity of natural river corridors, with implications for river restoration.
Expression analysis of SOX2 and SOX9 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Steen Sonja , Horn Dominik , Flechtenmacher Christa , Hoffmann Jürgen , Freier Kolja , Ristow Oliver , Hess Jochen , Moratin Julius 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundLately SOX2 and SOX9, transcription factors associated with stemness‐like phenotypes of cancer cells, have been linked to tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy.MethodsThis study aimed on evaluating the expression of SOX2 and SOX9 in a large cohort of patients with OSCC including primary and recurrent tumors and corresponding lymph node metastases. Semiautomatic digital pathology scoring was used to determine protein expression and survival analysis was performed to evaluate its prognostic significance.ResultsWe found a significant downregulation of SOX9 from primary disease to lymph node metastases (p < 0.001). SOX9 expression and the subgroup SOX2lowSOX9high were significantly correlated with worse overall survival (p < 0.05). Additionally, SOX2lowSOX9high expression pattern was confirmed as independent prognosticator for overall survival.ConclusionsThese results indicate the relevant role of SOX2 and SOX9 in patients with OSCC and show the clinical relevance for further investigation on the molecular mechanisms underlying SOX‐related gene expression.
The longitudinal association between COVID‐19 stressors and adolescents' diurnal cortisol: The mediating effects of parental anxiety and behaviours
Authors: Li Man , He Fengjiao , Lan Qili , Zhang Chen , Zang Yinyin , Wang Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, research indicated increased psychological distress among adolescents. However, limited research has investigated the association between COVID‐19‐related stress and the adolescent hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, a critical stress response system. To address this gap, we conducted a longitudinal study exploring the relationship between COVID‐19 stressors and adolescent HPA activity. We recruited 121 adolescents (M
age = 10.02) and their parents. One parent reported COVID‐19 stressors and their own anxiety, while adolescents reported parenting behaviours. Diurnal cortisol levels in adolescents were assessed 4 months later. Our results found that the association between COVID‐19 stressors and diurnal cortisol levels was sequentially mediated by parental anxiety and indifference, but not parental caring. These findings underscore the detrimental effects of negative parental behaviours on adolescent HPA axis during the pandemic. Therefore, interventions targeting reduced parental anxiety and negative parental behaviours may effectively protect adolescents' mental health in such circumstances.
Anti‐inflammatory, antiosteoporotic, and bone protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A against glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis in rats
Authors: Kuai Jianbo , Zheng Jiachun , Kumar Ankit , Gao Hongwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOsteoporosis is a common condition worldwide, affecting millions of people. Women are more commonly affected than men, and the risk increases with age. Inflammatory reaction plays a crucial role in the expansion of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is characterized by a gradual decline in bone density and bone tissue quality, which increases fragility and raises the risk of fractures. We scrutinized the anti‐osteoporosis effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HYA) against glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in rats. In‐silico study was carried out on EGFR receptor (PDBID: 1m17), Estrogen Alpha (PDB id: 2IOG), MTOR (PDB id: 4FA6), RANKL (PDB id: 1S55), and VEGFR2 (PDB id: 1YWN) protein. For this investigation, Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats were used, and they received an oral dose of HYA (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, b.w.) along with a subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg/day) to induce osteoporosis. The biomechanical, bone parameters, antioxidant, cytokines, inflammatory, nutrients, hormones, and urine parameters were estimated. HYA treatment significantly suppressed the body weight and altered the organ weight. HYA treatment remarkably suppressed the level of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and improved the level of bone mineral density (total, proximal, mild, and dis). HYA treatment restored the level of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), estradiol (E2), and parathyroid hormone near to the normal level. HYA treatment remarkably altered the level of biomechanical parameters, antioxidant, cytokines, urine, and inflammatory parameters. HYA treatment altered the level of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta (RANKL) and RANKL/OPG ratio. The result clearly showed the anti‐osteoporosis effect of HYA against GIOP‐induced osteoporosis in rats via alteration of antioxidant, cytokines, inflammatory, and bone protective parameters.
miR‐542‐5p targets GREM1 to affect the progression of renal fibrosis
Authors: Pang Shuting , Xie Boji , Feng Bingmei , Xu Guiling , Ye Qinglin , Chen Xuesong , Ruan Liangping , Chen Hong , Pan Shang‐Ling , Xue Chao , Li Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRenal fibrosis (RF) is a typical pathological presentation of end‐stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, the precise regulatory mechanisms governing this re‐expression process remain unclear. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with RF were screened by microarray analysis using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The miRNAs upstream of the genes in question were predicted using the miRWalk database. The miRNAs involved in the two GEO data sets were intersected to identify key miRNAs; their regulatory pathways were investigated using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Subsequently, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of target miRNA on RF were examined in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)‐induced mice renal fibrotic model and a transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1)‐induced tubular epithelium (HK‐2) fibrotic cell model. In total, 109 and 32 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in the GSE133530 and GSE80247 data sets, respectively. GREM1 was identified as a hub gene, where its 2196 upstream miRNAs were predicted; miR‐574‐5p was found to be downregulated and closely related to fibrosis after data set intersection and enrichment analyses, thus was selected for further investigation. A differential expression heatmap (GSE162794) showed that miR‐542‐5p was downregulated. The expression of GREM1 mRNA was upregulated, whereas that of miR‐542‐5p was downregulated in UUO mice and fibrotic HK‐2 cells as compared with the relevant controls. The binding site of miR‐542‐5p was predicted at the 3'UTR region of GREM1 and was confirmed by subsequent dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Western blot analysis showed that Gremlin‐1 and Fibronectin were significantly upregulated after induction of TGF‐β1; when miR‐542‐5p was overexpressed or GREM1 mRNA was interfered, the upregulations of Gremlin‐1 and Fibronectin were significantly reduced. Our research demonstrates that miR‐542‐5p plays a critical role in the progression of RF, and thus may be a promising therapeutic target for CKD and ADPKD.
Research of the anharmonic effect on the main reactions related to NH3, NH2, and NH
Authors: Chen Yufeng , Chen Linyi , Song Zening , Xu Shuyang , Xia Wenwen , Yao Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNH3 is a highly promising zero‐carbon fuel. In this paper, 19 important reactions involving NH3, NH2, and NH in the ammonia system are studied to better establish the combustion reaction mechanism of ammonia. These reactions encompass the reactions of NH3, NH2, and NH with free radicals and inorganic compounds such as O, H, OH, NO, H2O, and O2. Utilizing the transition state theory and Yao‐Lin method, energy barrier diagrams for these reactions are presented, and the harmonic and anharmonic rate constants are calculated over the temperature range from 300 to 4000 K. The calculation results reveal that, in most reactions, the harmonic rate constants exceed the anharmonic rate constants and the experimental results are closer to the anharmonic rate constants. Additionally, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters are fitted. To summarize, most reactions are significantly influenced by the anharmonic effect.
Effects of long‐term coal gangue dumping on soil chemical environment and microbial community in an abandoned mine
Authors: Yin Meiqi , Sheng Wenyi , Zhang Xiya , Wu Yiming , Ma Xiangyan , Cui Zhaojie , Bo Huaizhi , Zheng Guodong , Liu Lele , Guo Weihua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCoal gangue hill, a significant anthropogenic interference, can cause various forms of land degradation. The promoting effect of coal gangue on soil qualities has also been discovered. However, few studies investigated the soil properties and microbiome of prolonged gangue hills. Here, we investigated soil microbial communities and chemical properties in a vegetated gangue hill and adjacent cropland and wasteland (regarded as gangue‐free lands). We did not find any significant differences in the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus between the gangue hill and the cropland (Kruskal–Wallis test, p > 0.05). The content of all metals we investigated (Pb, Ni, Sb, Fe, and Al) did not exceed the risk control values (GB 15618‐2018; GB 36600‐2018). The content of Fe and soil electrical conductivity of the gangue hill was significantly higher than the gangue‐free lands (about 2 times and 20 times, respectively), which were also the key factors shaping microbial communities (Mantel's test, p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the composition of the bacterial communities between the gangue hill and gangue‐free lands. The random‐forest model identified four species belonging to Actinobacteria and Ascomycota as the unique species in the gangue hill. Functional annotation revealed that the significant differences between the two land types were in bacterial nutrition types, fungal saprophytic types, and nitrogen cycling. Our study provided a theoretical foundation for land management and sustainable utilization in abandoned mining areas.
Epigenetic reprogramming in gastrointestinal cancer: biology and translational perspectives
Authors: Wang Yingjie , Liu Hongyu , Zhang Mengsha , Xu Jing , Zheng Liuxian , Liu Pengpeng , Chen Jingyao , Liu Hongyu , Chen Chong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGastrointestinal tumors, the second leading cause of human mortality, are characterized by their association with inflammation. Currently, progress in the early diagnosis and effective treatment of gastrointestinal tumors is limited. Recent whole‐genome analyses have underscored their profound heterogeneity and extensive genetic and epigenetic reprogramming. Epigenetic reprogramming pertains to dynamic and hereditable alterations in epigenetic patterns, devoid of concurrent modifications in the underlying DNA sequence. Common epigenetic modifications encompass DNA methylation, histone modifications, noncoding RNA, RNA modifications, and chromatin remodeling. These modifications possess the potential to invoke or suppress a multitude of genes associated with cancer, thereby governing the establishment of chromatin configurations characterized by diverse levels of accessibility. This intricate interplay assumes a pivotal and indispensable role in governing the commencement and advancement of gastrointestinal cancer. This article focuses on the impact of epigenetic reprogramming in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and colorectal cancer, as well as other uncommon gastrointestinal tumors. We elucidate the epigenetic landscape of gastrointestinal tumors, encompassing DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and their interrelationships. Besides, this review summarizes the potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic targets in epigenetic reprogramming, with the aim of assisting clinical treatment strategies.
State‐owned equity and innovation performance of mixed‐ownership enterprises in China: The moderating effect of marketization
Authors: Ning Liu , Honglie Zhang , Meng Lin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to clarify the influence of controlling and participatory state‐owned equity on innovation performance within mixed‐ownership enterprises (MOEs), focusing specifically on the co‐innovation effect of ownership structure. Empirical evidence suggests that controlling state‐owned equity hinders innovation performance in MOEs. In contrast, participatory state‐owned equity has the potential to significantly boost innovation performance in MOEs. Moreover, a more thorough analysis reveals that the level of marketization not only mitigates the inhibitory impact of controlling state‐owned equity on innovation but also enhances the positive effect of participatory state‐owned equity on innovation in MOEs. These empirically supported findings offer valuable insights for crafting effective policy strategies to promote mixed‐ownership reforms in emerging economies.