bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cisplatin Resistance in Cancer Therapy: Causes and Overcoming Strategies
Authors: Shruthi S. , Bhasker Shenoy K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDr. S. Shruthi, Prof. Dr. K. Bhasker Shenoy. Cisplatin (CDDP) is the first metal‐based drug and has been a popular drug in the treatment of various types of cancer for decades. Cancer cell death is promoted by this platinum‐based drug by generating DNA adducts and activating apoptotic signaling pathways. The development of drug resistance is the foremost clinical concern that compromises its efficacy. The mechanism of CDDP resistance encompasses changes in drug influx and efflux, drug accumulation reduction, enhanced drug detoxification, and repair which may affect its therapeutic value. Researchers have paid significant attention to overcoming CDDP resistance, which provides an opportunity to enhance clinical outcomes. Combinational therapy, use of CDDP analogs, phytochemicals, nanoparticle‐mediated drug delivery, gene targeting and regulation of drug induced epigenetic changes are the specific regimens to overcome CDDP resistance and treatment burden. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms involved in CDDP resistance and strategies considered to overcome these hurdles concerning preclinical and clinical studies. This may provide insights into the further development of novel approaches to uproot CDDP resistance, to ascertain a safer and more effective cancer therapy.
Finding a road less traveled: Combining analysis and intuition to develop novel problem formulations
Authors: Park Chan Hyung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryNovel formulations of strategic problems are key to innovation and exploration. Conventional wisdom suggests that intuitive thinking, rather than rational‐analytic thinking, facilitates novel problem formulations. This article proposes that intuitive thinking is insufficient and that novel formulations instead depend on sequencing rational‐analytic and intuitive thinking across two phases of the problem formulation task. Two experiments using samples of strategists in organizations support the importance of analysis followed by intuition when developing novel problem formulations. This article advances the “both‐and” approach to managerial cognition by investigating how harnessing intuition and analysis in combination may lead to a desirable outcome for a managerial task. This approach moves beyond the typical, “either‐or” approach to cognition in past studies, which pit analysis against intuition in achieving desirable outcomes.Managerial SummaryUnique and potentially contrarian theories on problems—novel problem formulations—are key to innovation, exploration, and value creation. Past research indicates that strategists should rely on intuition and gut feeling rather than analysis to boldly develop novel problem formulations. I propose that intuition alone can lead to premature, obvious conclusions. This article instead claims that novel formulations depend on combining analysis and intuition in a specific sequence. Analysis helps identify hidden needs and pain points that allow strategists to think of diverse possibilities for underlying causes. Intuition helps strategists boldly utilize these ambiguous, unstructured symptoms based on subjective beliefs to develop novel problem formulations. Two experiments with real‐world strategists support the arguments.
Solar Energy‐Driven Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction: Photothermal Effect, Photoelectric Activation and Selectivity Regulation
Authors: Yu Jianbo , Muhetaer Aidaer , Li Qi , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExcessive carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are one of the main causes of the greenhouse effect. Thermal catalytic reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction, which is a pre reaction for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, is considered an effective way to convert CO2 and synthesize high value‐added chemicals in industry. However, traditional thermal catalysis requires a large amount of fossil fuels to drive reactions, which cannot achieve the true goal of carbon neutrality. Photothermal catalysis, as a novel conversion pathway, can achieve efficient CO2 conversion while significantly improving solar energy utilization. This review provides a detailed introduction of CO2 and H2 adsorption/activation and reaction pathways in thermal catalysis, as well as the catalytic mechanisms of thermal and chemical effects in photothermal catalytic RWGS to supply readers valuable insights on the mechanism of photothermal catalytic RWGS reaction and provide a reference for better catalyst design.
Heterogeneous Acrylic Resins with Bicontinuous Nanodomains as Low‐Modulus Flexible Adhesives
Authors: Back Jong‐Ho , Kim Ji‐Soo , Kim Youngdo , Kim Hyun‐Joong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAdhesives play a critical role in the assembly of electronic devices, particularly as devices become more diverse in form factors. Flexible displays require highly transparent and rapidly recoverable adhesives with a certain stiffness. In this study, novel structured adhesives are developed that incorporate bicontinuous nanodomains to fabricate flexible adhesives with low moduli. This structure is obtained via polymerization‐induced microphase separation using a macro chain transfer agent (CTA). Phase separation is characterized using small‐angle X‐ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic mechanical analysis. By optimizing the length of the macro CTA, an adhesive with both hard and soft nanodomains is produced, resulting in exceptional flexibility (strain recovery = 93%) and minimal modulus (maximum stress/applied strain = 7 kPa), which overperforms traditional adhesives. The optimized adhesive exhibits excellent resilience under extensive strain, as well as strong adhesion and transparency. Furthermore, dynamic folding tests demonstrate the exceptional stability of the adhesive under various temperature and humidity conditions, which is attributed to its unique structure. In summary, the distinct bicontinuous phase structure confers excellent transparency, flexibility, and reduced stiffness to the adhesive, rendering it well‐suited for commercial foldable displays and suggesting potential applications in stretchable displays and wearable electronics.
The effects of artificial intelligence on organizational culture in the perspective of the hermeneutic cycle: The intersection of mental processes
Authors: Canbul Yaroğlu Aslıhan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence technology has spread rapidly in the business world in recent years and has transformed the business processes of many organizations. This transformation has caused significant changes not only in the technological infrastructure but also in the organizational culture and way of doing business. However, the effects of artificial intelligence on organizational culture are complex and diverse. While artificial intelligence applications can change businesses' values, norms, and ways of working, they can also make it difficult to maintain a human‐centered approach. In this context, it is important to understand and evaluate the effects of artificial intelligence on organizational culture. This article examines the effects of artificial intelligence on organizational culture from the perspective of the hermeneutic cycle. The hermeneutic cycle allows us to understand the interaction between organizational culture and artificial intelligence as a continuous process of interpretation and understanding. In addition, by making use of the experience anecdote of phenomenology, it is emphasized how mental processes are shaped and that these processes have a structure suitable for the hermeneutic cycle. This framework helps us more comprehensively evaluate and analyze the effects of artificial intelligence on organizational culture. Our findings reveal that integrating AI within organizational frameworks requires nuanced understanding and adaptations that align with human‐centric values.
Numerical analysis of reinforced concrete beams enhanced in shear with external polymer cement mortar‐bonded FRP grid
Authors: Monier Ahmed , Saifeldeen Mohamed A. , Fouad Nariman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a finite element (FE) modeling approach to assess the performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened in shear using external polymer cement mortar (PCM)‐bonded basalt fiber‐reinforced polymer (BFRP) grids. The study begins with an experimental program and FE modeling of a double shear bond test, simulating the bond behavior between the BFRP grid and RC beams with PCM. Subsequently, a FE model for BFRP shear‐strengthened beams explores key parameters, including shear span to depth ratio, bonding agent type (PCM and epoxy resin), and angles between BFRP grid bars and the beam axis. Comparative analysis with experimental results verifies the accuracy of the FE models. Additionally, a critical parameter, the BFRP reinforcement ratio, is numerically investigated, revealing that achieving a ratio between 1.33% and 1.55% enhances both maximum load and deflection in beams strengthened with externally bonded composite reinforced mortar.
Fire behavior of high‐contents recycled aggregate concrete composite slabs with small openings
Authors: Kefyalew Fetih , Imjai Thanongsak , Garcia Reyes , Son Nguyen Khanh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecycled aggregate concrete (RAC) is increasingly being used in the construction of structural elements. However, the performance of RAC elements under fire is usually considered to be inferior to that of normal concrete (NC) elements. This study investigates the fire behavior of RAC composite steel slabs with and without openings. Ten slabs of size of 1.0 m × 2.2 m were cast either with no opening, one or two circular openings, and one or two square openings. Five of the slabs were manufactured with 100% RAC, while the other five slabs were made with NC. The concrete slabs were loaded and subjected to fire tests at a temperature of about 900°C for 120 min. Test results show that RAC composite slabs have lower stiffness (thus larger mid‐span deflections) under fire exposure compared to their counterpart NC slabs. In terms of the recorded temperature–time curves, RAC slabs showed similar performance to that of NC slabs. The ratio of soffit temperature to the temperature at the top of slab was considerably smaller for RAC slabs compared to NC slabs. RAC slabs also showed more spalling than NC slabs. Experimental test results were numerically verified using PyroSim® software with the two showing good agreement. A series of new design charts for composite RAC slabs with desired fire endurance are proposed. This study is expected to promote the wider use of RAC in construction of structural elements, particularly of composite slabs exposed to extreme temperatures.
Video consent significantly improves patient knowledge of general surgery procedures
Authors: Bremer Kristin , Brown Emily , Schenkel Rachel , Walters Ryan W. , Nandipati Kalyana C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Informed consent is essential in ensuring patients’ understanding of their medical condition, treatment, and potential risks. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of utilizing a video consent compared to standard consent for patient knowledge and satisfaction in selected general surgical procedures.

Methods and procedures
We included 118 patients undergoing appendectomy, cholecystectomy, inguinal hernia repair, and fundoplication at two hospitals in Omaha, NE. Patients were randomized to either a standard consent or a video consent. Outcomes included a pretest and posttest objective knowledge assessment of their procedure, as well as a satisfaction survey which was completed immediately after consent and following discharge. Given the pre-post design, a linear mixed-effect model was estimated for both outcomes. A two-way interaction effect was of primary interest to assess whether pre-to-post change in the outcome differed between patients randomized to standard or video consent.

Results
Baseline characteristics were mostly similar between groups except for patient sex, p = 0.041. Both groups showed a statistically significant increase in knowledge from pretest to posttest (standard group: 0.25, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.51, p = 0.048; video group: 0.68, 95% CI 0.36 to 1.00, p < 0.001), with the video group showing significantly greater change (interaction p = 0.043) indicating that incorporating a video into the consent process resulted in a better improvement in patient’s knowledge of the proposed procedure. Further, both groups showed a decrease in satisfaction post-discharge, but no statistically significant difference in the magnitude of decrease between the groups (interaction p = 0.309).

Conclusion
Video consent lead to a significant improvement in a patient’s knowledge of the proposed treatment. Although the patient satisfaction survey didn’t show a significant difference, it did show a trend. We propose incorporating videos into the consent process for routine general surgical procedures.
Current status of the surgical training system in Japan: results of a nationwide questionnaire survey of graduating surgical trainees
Authors: Kiyasu Yoshiyuki , Poudel Saseem , Koike Daisuke , Watanabe Jun , Kowatari Ryosuke , Fukumoto Masayuki , Yamaoka-Fujikawa Yoshiko , Kikuchi Yuta , Arai Keisuke , Booka Eisuke , Ishida Sonoko , Yokoyama Shinichiro , Saito Mitsue 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To identify the problems trainees face during surgical training in Japan.

Methods
A nationwide online questionnaire survey was conducted targeting newly certified surgical trainees.

Results
The response rate was 53.8% (758/1410). Among those respondents, 25.6% were women, 71.4% were either married or had a partner, 41.3% had children, 72.7% had performed over 200 surgeries under general anesthesia, and 54.1% had chosen, before graduating from medical school, to become a surgeon. While 88.8% were interested in learning surgical techniques, 63.8% were hesitant to become a surgeon for fear of a compromised quality of private life (QOL). Conversely, only 1.4% chose their surgical training programs based on QOL. Overall, 84.6% of the trainees were satisfied with their training and this correlated with the number of surgeries performed. Only 29.9% received non-technical skill training. The average number of night shifts per month was 5.6, and 10.6% worked over 80 h per week. Harassment was reported by 41.5% of the respondents. Moreover, 33.0% had considered dropping out at some time, primarily because of their QOL (51.1%) or the harassment they had encountered (50.4%).

Conclusion
This survey revealed that while trainees were satisfied with the overall training system, issues such as long working hours and harassment are prevalent. Working to improve these issues could make surgery more attractive for young trainees.
An organometallic hybrid antibiotic of metronidazole with a Gold(I) N-Heterocyclic Carbene overcomes metronidazole resistance in Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Büssing Rolf , Bublitz Arne , Karge Bianka , Brönstrup Mark , Strowig Till , Ott Ingo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been emerging as a major global health threat and calls for the development of novel drug candidates. Metal complexes have been demonstrating high efficiency as antibacterial agents that differ substantially from the established types of antibiotics in their chemical structures and their mechanism of action. One strategy to exploit this potential is the design of metal-based hybrid organometallics that consist of an established antibiotic and a metal-based warhead that contributes an additional mechanism of action different from that of the parent antibiotic. In this communication, we describe the organometallic hybrid antibiotic 2c, in which the drug metronidazole is connected to a gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene warhead that inhibits bacterial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). Metronidazole can be used for the treatment with the obligatory anaerobic pathogen Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile), however, resistance to the drug hampers its clinical success. The gold organometallic conjugate 2c was an efficient inhibitor of TrxR and it was inactive or showed only minor effects against eucaryotic cells and bacteria grown under aerobic conditions. In contrast, a strong antibacterial effect was observed against both metronidazole-sensitive and -resistant strains of C. difficile. This report presents a proof-of-concept that the design of metal-based hybrid antibiotics can be a viable approach to efficiently tackle AMR.
Graphical abstract
A metronidazole-gold hybrid metalloantibiotic with high efficacy against resistant C. difficile
Archival meta-metadata: revision history and positionality of finding aids
Authors: King Owen C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article starts from two observations about archival description. First, creating finding aids requires significant judgment and interpretation, and is therefore inevitably influenced by the positionalities—the perspectives, personal histories, and social identities—of the archivists. Second, finding aids occasionally call for revision, sometimes to fit a new data standard or reflect an evolving collection, but also to correct errors, reduce bias, and remove harmful language. In light of these observations, this article has two aims. First, it develops and presents a theoretical rationale for recording metadata about finding aids, including revision history and authorship, arguing for transparency about positionality as a response to recognizing the infeasibility of impartiality. Second, it presents the results of a survey of state archivists in the US, who were asked about their descriptive practices and their attitudes regarding disclosing their authorship of finding aids. Results of the survey reveal diverse practices, as well as some hesitation to embrace expressions of positionality in the context of description. The article closes with a discussion of options for conceptualizing metadata about finding aids and the professional role of archivists, concluding with two general recommendations.
First- vs second-line CDK 4/6 inhibitor use for patients with hormone receptor positive, human epidermal growth-factor receptor-2 negative, metastatic breast cancer in the real world setting
Authors: Kimmick Gretchen , Pilehvari Asal , You Wen , Bonilla Gloribel , Anderson Roger 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) with endocrine therapy (ET) in the first- versus second-line setting for treatment of hormone receptor positive (HR+), HER2 negative, metastatic breast cancer (MBC) using real-world evidence.

Methods
Patients with HR+, HER2 negative MBC, diagnosed between 2/3/2015 and 11/2/2021 and having ≥ 3 months follow-up were identified from the nationwide electronic health record-derived Flatiron Health de-identified database. Treatment cohorts included: (1) first-line ET with a CDK 4/6i (1st-line CDK4/6i) versus (2) first-line ET alone followed by second-line ET with a CDK4/6i (2nd-line CDK4/6i). Differences in baseline characteristics were tested using chi-square tests and two-sample t-tests. Time to third-line therapy, time to start of chemotherapy, and overall survival were compared using Kaplan-Maier method.

Results
The analysis included 2771 patients (2170 1st-line CDK4/6i and 601 2nd-line CDK4/6i). Patients receiving 1st-line CDK4/6i were younger (75% vs 68% < 75 years old, p = 0.0001), less likely uninsured or not having insurance status documented (10% vs. 13%, p = 0.04), of better performance status (50% vs 43% with ECOG 0, p = 0.03), and more likely to have de novo MBC (36% vs. 24%, p < 0.001). Time to third-line therapy (49 vs 22 months, p < 0.001) and time to chemotherapy (68 vs 41 months, p < 0.001) were longer in those receiving first-line CDK4/6i. Overall survival (54 vs 49 months, p = 0.33) was similar between groups.

Conclusion
Use of CDK4/6i with first-, vs second-, line ET was associated with longer time to receipt of 3rd-line therapy and longer time to receipt of chemotherapy.
Dynamic Interlinkages between the Twitter Uncertainty Index and the Green Bond Market: Evidence from the Covid-19 Pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict
Authors: Polat Onur , Başar Berna Doğan , Ekşi İbrahim Halil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study examines the time-varying connectedness between green bonds, Twitter-based uncertainty indices, and the S&P 500 Composite Index. We implement the time- and frequency-based connectedness methodologies and employ data between April 1, 2014 and April 21, 2023. Our findings suggest that (i) connectedness indices robustly capture prominent incidents during the episode; (ii) Twitter-based uncertainty indices are the highest transmitters of return shocks; (iii) net return spillovers transmitted by the S&P 500 Index sharply increased in 2020:1–2020:3, stemmed by the stock market crash in February 2020; and (iv) Twitter-based uncertainty indices showed significant net spillovers in July and November 2021.
Psychometric Properties of the Modified Parenting Attitudes Measure Among African American Adolescents in Public Housing
Authors: Villodas Melissa L. , Foell Andrew , Smith Lisa C. , Yu Mansoo , McCoy Henrika , Yang Yibin , Enelamah Ngozi V. , Lombe Margaret , Nebbitt Von 
Published: June 2024

AbstractValid and reliable measurements reflecting how perceived maternal and paternal parenting practices are similar, different, complementary, or additive in studying youth outcomes are critical for building knowledge on supportive parenting practices for African American youth living in public housing. We examined the psychometric properties of the Parental Attitudes Measure (PAM) which focuses on youths’ attitudes on parenting practices. Data was collected from the perspective of 660 African American youth living in urban public housing across three cities in the northeast and mid-Atlantic region in the United States. Youth reported on their attitudes about maternal and paternal caregivers. Reliability was determined using Cronbach alpha (α) for internal consistency. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to examine the dimensions and loading of the construct with this population. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) examined the validity of the measure using four goodness-of-fit indices. Pearson correlations were used to test construct validity among the sample and across parent status (birth or non-birth parent) and residence in the household. The EFA indicated a two-factor structure with strong reliability for both maternal (α = 0.86, 0.84) and paternal (α = 93, 0.92) encouragement and supervision. The CFA supported a 2-factor model for both maternal and paternal PAM. Findings demonstrate high internal consistency of the PAM for use in examining maternal and paternal attitudes among African American youth living in public housing, generally, as well as by gender and across cities. The measure had good construct validity with maternal caregivers but only partially with paternal caregivers.