bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase transitions in tumor growth: II prostate cancer cell lines
Authors: Llanos-Pérez J.A. , Betancourt-Mar A. , De Miguel M. P. , Izquierdo-Kulich E. , Royuela-García M. , Tejera E. , Nieto-Villar J.M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe propose a mechanism for prostate cancer cell lines growth, e.g., LNCaP and PC3 based on a Gompertz dynamics. This growth exhibits a multifractal behavior and a “second order” phase transition. Finally, it was found that the cellular line PC3 exhibits a higher value the entropy production rate compared to LNCaP, which is indicative of the robustness of PC3, over to LNCaP and may be a quantitative index of metastatic potential tumors.HighlightsCancer is an open, complex, dynamic and self-organizing system.Prostate cancer cell lines growth follows a Gompertz dynamicsProstate cancer cell lines exhibit a multifractal behaviorThe entropy production rate may be considered as metastatic potential marker
Annotating RNA motifs in sequences and alignments
Authors: Gardner Paul P. , Eldai Hisham 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRNA performs a diverse array of important functions across all cellular life. These functions include important roles in translation, building translational machinery and maturing messenger RNA. More recent discoveries include the miRNAs and bacterial sRNAs that regulate gene expression, the thermosensors, riboswitches and other cis-regulatory elements that help prokaryotes sense their environment and eukaryotic piRNAs that suppress transposition. However, there can be a long period between the initial discovery of a RNA and determining its function. We present a bioinformatic approach to characterise RNA motifs, which are the central building blocks of RNA structure. These motifs can, in some instances, provide researchers with functional hypotheses for uncharacterised RNAs. Moreover, we introduce a new profile-based database of RNA motifs - RMfam - and illustrate its application for investigating the evolution and functional characterisation of RNA.All the data and scripts associated with this work is available from:https://github.com/ppgardne/RMfam
Decreasing Electron Flux through the Cytochrome and/or Alternative Respiratory Pathways Triggers Common and Distinct Cellular Responses Dependent on Growth Conditions
Authors: Kühn Kristina , Yin Guangkun , Duncan Owen , Law Simon R. , Kubiszewski-Jakubiak Szymon , Kaur Parwinder , Meyer Etienne , Wang Yan , Small Catherine Colas des Francs , Giraud Estelle , Narsai Reena , Whelan James 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Diverse signaling pathways are activated by perturbation of mitochondrial function under different growth conditions.Mitochondria have emerged as an important organelle for sensing and coping with stress in addition to being the sites of important metabolic pathways. Here, responses to moderate light and drought stress were examined in different Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant plants lacking a functional alternative oxidase (alternative oxidase1a [aox1a]), those with reduced cytochrome electron transport chain capacity (T3/T7 bacteriophage-type RNA polymerase, mitochondrial, and plastidial [rpoTmp]), and double mutants impaired in both pathways (aox1a:rpoTmp). Under conditions considered optimal for growth, transcriptomes of aox1a and rpoTmp were distinct. Under adverse growth conditions, however, transcriptome changes in aox1a and rpoTmp displayed a highly significant overlap and were indicative of a common mitochondrial stress response and down-regulation of photosynthesis. This suggests that the role of mitochondria to support photosynthesis is provided through either the alternative pathway or the cytochrome pathway, and when either pathway is inhibited, such as under environmental stress, a common, dramatic, and succinct mitochondrial signal is activated to alter energy metabolism in both organelles. aox1a:rpoTmp double mutants grown under optimal conditions showed dramatic reductions in biomass production compared with aox1a and rpoTmp and a transcriptome that was distinct from aox1a or rpoTmp. Transcript data indicating activation of mitochondrial biogenesis in aox1a:rpoTmp were supported by a proteomic analysis of over 200 proteins. Under optimal conditions, aox1a:rpoTmp plants seemed to switch on many of the typical mitochondrial stress regulators. Under adverse conditions, aox1a:rpoTmp turned off these responses and displayed a biotic stress response. Taken together, these results highlight the diverse signaling pathways activated by the perturbation of mitochondrial function under different growth conditions.
Private equity investment and real estate development
Authors: Rajan Annamalai Thillai , Bansal Bharat , Gemson Josephine 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to understand the trends and contribution of private equity (PE) investors in real estate development in India because the real estate sector in India had witnessed significant investments from PE firms in recent years.Design/methodology/approach– The study focused on residential segment of real estate development, as it is the largest among all the segments. Two types of analyses have been done in this paper: first was to compare residential projects with PE investment with those that did not have any PE investment. The results were based on an analysis of 453 residential projects. The second was an analysis of only those projects that had PE investment. This paper studied if there were differences in investment patterns between domestic and foreign PE investors, and dedicated and diversified PE investors.Findings– Projects with PE investment were larger, as compared to projects that did not have any PE investment. The results of this paper also showed that PE firms preferred to invest with developers who had significant experience in undertaking larger-sized projects. PE investments significantly happened in projects that were located in metro cities. While PE firms as a whole preferred to invest in project mode, domestic investors were more inclined to invest in a project structure as compared to foreign PE firms. Though foreign PE firms invested more amounts per deal on average, there was a negative relationship between foreign PE firms and the extent of their shareholding in the investment.Practical implications– Encouraging PE investment in real estate projects would contribute toward to increasing the transparency in the sector. Strengthening the domestic PE industry would increase investment flow for real estate projects. PE investors who are able to add value to their investments are able to obtain higher shareholding.Originality/value– Empirical research on Indian real estate industry is scarce because of the lack of transparency and availability of reliable data. This is one of the initial studies on the Indian real estate sector based on a robust dataset.
Rationales for public private partnership (PPP) implementation in Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Suhaiza , Azzahra Haris Fatimah 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to, first, examine the rationale for implementation of public private partnerships (PPP) in Malaysia. Second, it investigates the differences among perceptions of the public and private sectors, in relation to the rationales for implementing PPP in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach
– A questionnaire survey captured the perceptions of the public and private sectors concerning the rationales for PPP implementation in Malaysia. Of 250 questionnaires distributed, 122 usable responses were obtained and analysed using SPSS to rank the importance of the rationales and to examine differences in perceptions between the government and private sectors.

Findings
– Results show that “to enhance private sector involvement in economic development” is the only rationale that was rated as most important by all respondents. While other rationales were perceived as important, “to reduce the role of the Government in providing public services and facilities” was regarded as the least important rationale by both parties. The results also reveal significant differences between public and private perceptions for the least important rationales.

Originality/value
– This paper offers empirical evidence on the concept and the rationales for implementing PPP in Malaysia, and also provides evidence on the differences in the perceptions of the public and private sectors in relation to these rationales.
Agency theory, capital structure and firm performance: some Indian evidence
Authors: Dawar Varun 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– Based on the agency theory, the purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the impact of capital structure choice on firm performance in India as one of the emerging economies.

Design/methodology/approach
– Fixed effect panel regression model is used to analyse ten years of data (2003-2012) on the sample units, to find the relation between leverage and firm performance after controlling for factors such as size, age, tangibility, growth, liquidity and advertising.

Findings
– Empirical results suggest that leverage has a negative influence on financial performance of Indian firms, which is in contrast with the assumptions of agency theory as commonly received and accepted in other developed as well as emerging economies. Consequently, postulates of agency theory have to be seen with different perspective in India given the underdeveloped nature of bond markets and dominance of state-owned banks in lending to corporate sector.

Practical implications
– The findings of the paper will enable the practitioners and analysts to understand as to why, in the bank-dominated debt financing system in India, leverage is negatively associated with firm performance.

Originality/value
– The results of the study enrich the literature on capital structure and agency costs issues in several ways.
Spatial risk factors of felonious battery to police officers
Authors: M. Caplan Joel , Marotta Phillip , L. Piza Eric , W. Kennedy Leslie 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the spatial influence of features of the physical environment on the risk of aggression toward law enforcement.Design/methodology/approach– The spatial analytic technique, risk terrain modeling was performed on felonious battery data provided by the Chicago Police Department.Findings– Out of the 991 batteries against law enforcement officers (LEOs) in Chicago, 11 features of the physical environment were identified as presenting a statistically significant spatial risk of battery to LEOs. Calls for service within three blocks of foreclosures and/or within a dense area of problem buildings pose as much as two times greater risk of battery to police officers than what is presented by other significant spatial factors in the model.Originality/value– An abundance of existing research on aggression toward law enforcement is situated from the perspective of characteristics of the suspect or officer. The research advances the field of violence studies by illustrating the importance of incorporating physical features of the environment into empirical studies of aggression.
Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards: complexity, confusion and case law – a commentary
Authors: Lennard Chris 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– As a healthcare professional caring for people who lack capacity, the author has noted a wide variation in knowledge and awareness by staff of the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS). The purpose of this paper is to examine the DoLS and the background to their coming into being, describes their operation and qualifying requirements, and the continuing problems with their application nationwide.

Design/methodology/approach
– Utilising a literature search of government papers, official reports of statutory bodies, and critical studies, it examines the central criticisms of DoLS, particularly the lack of a clear statutory definition of deprivation of liberty, and reports on the wide variation in knowledge of the legislation by staff in health and social care, and uneven application of the safeguards nationwide.

Findings
– It cites evidence from studies showing that even professionals with high levels of expertise in the field find the legislation confusing, and presents testimony from legal experts that case law has failed to clarify the issues for professionals.

Originality/value
– Finally, it argues that the legislation is now too complex to successfully amend, and tentatively suggests that, pending a government review to make the process more understandable, health care professionals make ‘precautionary’ applications for DoLS. The author argues that, notwithstanding its faults, the process is a worthwhile exercise in care planning and ensuring that people's care is in their best interests and the least restrictive available.
Density‐ and trait‐mediated effects of a parasite and a predator in a tri‐trophic food web
Authors: Banerji Aabir , Duncan Alison B. , Griffin Joanne S. , Humphries Stuart , Petchey Owen L. , Kaltz Oliver 
Published: November 2014

Summary

Despite growing interest in ecological consequences of parasitism in food webs, relatively little is known about effects of parasites on long‐term population dynamics of non‐host species or about whether such effects are density or trait mediated.

We studied a tri‐trophic food chain comprised of (i) a bacterial basal resource (Serratia fonticola), (ii) an intermediate consumer (Paramecium caudatum), (iii) a top predator (Didinium nasutum) and (iv) a parasite of the intermediate consumer (Holospora undulata). A fully factorial experimental manipulation of predator and parasite presence/absence was combined with analyses of population dynamics, modelling and analyses of host (Paramecium) morphology and behaviour.

Predation and parasitism each reduced the abundance of the intermediate consumer (Paramecium), and parasitism indirectly reduced the abundance of the basal resource (Serratia). However, in combination, predation and parasitism had non‐additive effects on the abundance of the intermediate consumer, as well as on that of the basal resource. In both cases, the negative effect of parasitism seemed to be effaced by predation.

Infection of the intermediate consumer reduced predator abundance. Modelling and additional experimentation revealed that this was most likely due to parasite reduction of intermediate host abundance (a density‐mediated effect), as opposed to changes in predator functional or numerical response.

Parasitism altered morphological and behavioural traits, by reducing host cell length and increasing the swimming speed of cells with moderate parasite loads. Additional tests showed no significant difference in Didinium feeding rate on infected and uninfected hosts, suggesting that the combination of these modifications does not affect host vulnerability to predation. However, estimated rates of encounter with Serratia based on these modifications were higher for infected Paramecium than for uninfected Paramecium.

A mixture of density‐mediated and trait‐mediated indirect effects of parasitism on non‐host species creates rich and complex possibilities for effects of parasites in food webs that should be included in assessments of possible impacts of parasite eradication or introduction.
Hot flushes and night sweats are associated with coronary heart disease risk in midlife: a longitudinal study
Authors: Herber‐Gast GCM , Brown WJ , Mishra GD 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate associations between vasomotor menopausal symptoms (VMS), i.e. hot flushes and night sweats, and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD).DesignA prospective cohort study.Setting and population11 725 women, aged 45–50 years at baseline in 1996, were followed up at 3‐year intervals for 14 years.MethodsSelf‐reported VMS and incident CHD were measured at each survey.Main outcome measureWe determined the association between VMS and CHD at the subsequent survey, using generalised estimating equation analysis, adjusting for time‐varying covariates.ResultsAt baseline, 14% reported rarely, 17% reported sometimes, and 7% reported often having night sweats. During follow‐up, 187 CHD events occurred. In the age‐adjusted analysis, women who reported their frequency of experiencing hot flushes and night sweats as ‘often’ had a greater than two‐fold increased odds of CHD (OR hot flushes 2.18, 95% CI 1.49–3.18; OR night sweats 2.38, 95% CI 1.62–3.50) compared with women with no symptoms (P trend < 0.001 for frequency of symptoms). Adjustment for menopausal status, lifestyle factors, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension attenuated the associations (OR hot flushes 1.70, 95% CI 1.16–2.51, P trend = 0.01; OR night sweats 1.84, 95% CI 1.24–2.73), P trend = 0.004).ConclusionsWomen who report having hot flushes or night sweats ‘often’ have an increased risk of developing CHD over a period of 14 years, even after taking the effects of age, menopause status, lifestyle, and other chronic disease risk factors into account.
Visualization of Latent Blood Stains Using Visible Reflectance Hyperspectral Imaging and Chemometrics
Authors: Edelman Gerda J. , van Leeuwen Ton G. , Aalders Maurice C. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe detection of latent traces is an important aspect of crime scene investigation. Blood stains on black backgrounds can be visualized using chemiluminescence, which is invasive and requires a darkened room, or near‐infrared photography, for which investigators need to change filters manually to optimize contrast. We demonstrated the performance of visible reflectance hyperspectral imaging (400–720 nm) for this purpose. Several processing methods were evaluated: single wavelength bands, ratio images, principal component analysis (PCA), and “SIMPLe‐to‐use Interactive Self‐modeling Mixture Analysis” (SIMPLISMA). Using these methods, we were able to enhance the contrast between blood stains and 12 different fabrics. On black cotton, blood dilutions were visible with a minimal concentration of 25% of whole blood. The hyperspectral camera system used in this study is portable and wireless, which makes it suitable for crime scene use. The described technique is noncontact and nondestructive, so all traces are preserved for further analysis.
Reduction of Powerplex® Y23 Reaction Volume for Genotyping Buccal Cell Samples on FTATM Cards
Authors: Raziel Aliza , Dell'Ariccia‐Carmon Aviva , Zamir Ashira 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPowerPlex® Y23 is a novel kit for Y‐STR typing that includes new highly discriminating loci. The Israel DNA Database laboratory has recently adopted it for routine Y‐STR analysis. This study examined PCR amplification from 1.2‐mm FTA punch in reduced volumes of 5 and 10 μL. Direct amplification and washing of the FTA punches were examined in different PCR cycle numbers. One short robotically performed wash was found to improve the quality and the percent of profiles obtained. The optimal PCR cycle number was determined for 5 and 10 μL reaction volumes. The percent of obtained profiles, color balance, and reproducibility were examined. High‐quality profiles were achieved in 90% and 88% of the samples amplified in 5 and 10 μL, respectively, in the first attempt. Volume reduction to 5 μL has a vast economic impact especially for DNA database laboratories.
Bilateral First Rib Anomalous Articulations with Pseudarthroses Mimicking Healing Fractures in an Infant with Abusive Head Injury
Authors: Pasquale‐Styles Melissa A. , Crowder Christian M. , Fridie Jeannette , Milla Sarah S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBilateral symmetric bone nodules were observed in the anterolateral first ribs of an infant with shaking injuries at autopsy. The location prompted diagnostic considerations of healing fractures versus anomalous articulations with pseudarthroses. The forensic pathologist worked with forensic anthropologists and pediatric radiologists to evaluate autopsy findings and compare premortem and postmortem X‐rays. Gross examination of the bones by the pathologist and anthropologists confirmed bilateral, callus‐like bone nodules in first‐rib locations associated with pseudarthroses. Histologic examination of one of the bones further showed features most consistent with pseudarthrosis, not a healing fracture. Radiologists then compared multiple premortem and postmortem radiographs that showed no remodeling of the bone over a 2‐week interval between the time of injury and death, which would be unexpected for a healing fracture in an infant. This multidisciplinary approach resulted in the appropriate diagnosis of pseudarthroses due to anomalous articulations, an uncommon finding in forensic pathology.
Attachment Models in Incarcerated Sex Offenders: A Preliminary Italian Study Using the Adult Attachment Interview
Authors: Grattagliano Ignazio , Cassibba Rosalinda , Costantini Alessandro , Laquale Giovanni Michele , Latrofa Alessandra , Papagna Sonia , Sette Giovanna , Taurino Alessandro , Terlizzi Maria 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA group of sex offenders (clinical group: n = 19) was compared to a nonclinical sample matched by age, years of education, and gender (control group A: n = 19) to verify a higher incidence of insecure attachment models among sex offenders. In addition, we tested whether sex offenders were characterized by specific childhood experiences, compared to control adults (control group B: n = 19) with the same secure/insecure attachment classification. Results showed significant differences between offenders and control adults on both the AAI continuous score and the distribution of the two‐way attachment classifications. Furthermore, sex offenders reported more intense experiences of rejection by the father figure and abuse in the family context during early childhood compared to not offenders subjects with the same attachment classification.
Analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a normalized cDNA library and isolation of EST simple sequence repeats from the invasive cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis
Authors: Li Hui , Lang Kun‐Ling , Fu Hai‐Bin , Shen Chang‐Peng , Wan Fang‐Hao , Chu Dong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, is a serious and invasive pest. At present, genetic resources for studying P. solenopsis are limited, and this negatively affects genetic research on the organism and, consequently, translational work to improve management of this pest. In the present study, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were analyzed from a normalized complementary DNA library of P. solenopsis. In addition, EST‐derived microsatellite loci (also known as simple sequence repeats or SSRs) were isolated and characterized. A total of 1107 high‐quality ESTs were acquired from the library. Clustering and assembly analysis resulted in 785 unigenes, which were classified functionally into 23 categories according to the Gene Ontology database. Seven EST‐based SSR markers were developed in this study and are expected to be useful in characterizing how this invasive species was introduced, as well as providing insights into its genetic microevolution.