bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photodynamic therapy using nanoparticle loaded with indocyanine green for experimental peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer
Authors: Tsujimoto Hironori , Morimoto Yuji , Takahata Risa , Nomura Shinsuke , Yoshida Kazumichi , Horiguchi Hiroyuki , Hiraki Shuichi , Ono Satoshi , Miyazaki Hiromi , Saito Daizo , Hara Isao , Ozeki Eiichi , Yamamoto Junji , Hase Kazuo 
Published: October 2014

Although there have been multiple advances in the development of novel anticancer agents and operative procedures, prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer remains poor, especially in patients with peritoneal metastasis. In this study, we established nanoparticles loaded with indocyanine green (ICG) derivatives: ICG loaded lactosomes (ICGm) and investigated the diagnostic and therapeutic value of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using ICGm for experimental peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. Experimental peritoneal disseminated xenografts of human gastric cancer were established in nude mice. Three weeks after intraperitoneal injection of the cancer cells, either ICGm (ICGm‐treated mice) or ICG solution (ICG‐treated mice) was injected through the tail vein. Forty‐eight hours after injection of the photosensitizer, in vivo and ex vivo imaging was carried out. For PDT, 48 h after injection of the photosensitizer, other mice were irradiated through the abdominal wall, and the body weight and survival rate were monitored. In vivo imaging revealed that peritoneal tumors were visualized through the abdominal wall in ICGm‐treated mice, whereas only non‐specific fluorescence was observed in ICG‐treated mice. The PDT reduced the total weight of the disseminated nodules and significantly improved weight loss and survival rate in ICGm‐treated mice. In conclusion, ICGm can be used as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic nanodevice in peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer.
Reduced interferon-α production by dendritic cells in type 1 diabetes does not impair immunity to influenza virus
Authors: Kreuzer D , Nikoopour E , Au B C Y , Krougly O , Lee-Chan E , Summers K L , Haeryfar S M M , Singh B 
Published: October 2014

Summary
The increased risk and persistence of infections in diabetic condition is probably associated with defects in the cellular immune responses. We have previously shown a decrease in the production of interferon (IFN)-α by dendritic cells (DCs) in diabetic subjects. The basal level of IFN-α in splenic plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) is also lower in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice compared to prediabetic mice. The objective of this study was to analyse the ability of diabetic mice to mobilize innate and CD8+T cell-mediated immune response to influenza A virus (IAV) with the live influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1 (PR8) strain or with its immunodominant CD8+T cell epitopes. We found that following immunization with IAV, the level of IFN-α in diabetic mice was increased to the level in prediabetic mice. Immunization of NOD mice with the immunodominant IAV PR8 peptide induced clonal expansion of IFN-γ-producing CD8+T cells similar to the response observed in prediabetic mice. Thus, diabetic and prediabetic NOD mice have a similar capacity for IFN-α and IFN-γ production by pDCs and CD8+T cells, respectively. Therefore, the DC-related immune defect in diabetic NOD mice does not impair their capacity to develop an effective immune response to IAV. Our results suggest that reduced IFN-α production by diabetic human and mouse DCs is not an impediment to an effective immunity to IAV in type 1 diabetic subjects vaccinated with live attenuated influenza vaccine.
Increased prevalence of MEFV exon 10 variants in Japanese patients with adult-onset Still's disease
Authors: Nonaka F , Migita K , Jiuchi Y , Shimizu T , Umeda M , Iwamoto N , Fujikawa K , Izumi Y , Mizokami A , Nakashima M , Ueki Y , Yasunami M , Kawakami A , Eguchi K 
Published: October 2014

Summary
Autoinflammatory diseases include a large spectrum of monogenic diseases, e.g. familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), as well as complex genetic trait diseases, e.g. adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD). In populations where FMF is common, an increased MEFV mutation rate is found in patients with rheumatic diseases. The aim of this study was to examine MEFV mutations in Japanese patients with AOSD. Genomic DNA was isolated from 49 AOSD patients and 105 healthy controls, and exons 1, 2, 3 and 10 of the MEFV gene genotyped by direct sequencing. MEFV mutation frequencies in AOSD patients were compared with controls. We found no significant difference in overall allele frequencies of MEFV variants between AOSD patients and controls. However, MEFV exon 10 variants (M694I and G632S) were significantly higher in AOSD patients than controls (6·1 versus 0%). In addition, there was no significant difference between MEFV variant carriers and non-carriers with clinical manifestations, but the monocyclic clinical course of the AOSD disease phenotype was observed less frequently in patients without MEFV variants. AOSD patients had significantly higher frequencies of MEFV exon 10 mutations, suggesting that low-frequency variants of MEFV gene may be one of the susceptibility factors of AOSD.
Intraocular pressure‐lowering medications and long‐term outcomes of selective laser trabeculoplasty
Authors: Woo David M , Healey Paul R , Graham Stuart L , Goldberg Ivan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the effects of current intraocular pressure‐lowering medications on the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty.DesignRetrospective chart review of records from an urban glaucoma clinic in Sydney, Australia.ParticipantsPatients who received their first selective laser trabeculoplasty between 2002 and 2005 were studied (grouped from 0 to 3 according to the number of pre‐selective laser trabeculoplasty medications, and followed for 5 years). Those with previous argon laser therapy, trabeculectomy or angle‐closure were excluded.MethodsSelective laser trabeculoplasty (Ellex) used to deliver 180 or 360 degree of treatment, under the same protocol.Main Outcome MeasuresResponders were defined by ≥20% reduction from baseline intraocular pressure. Data were censored when pressure‐lowering intervention was required. The mean intraocular pressure, survivor, response rate, number and type of medications were compared.ResultsThere were 206 patients with ocular hypertension, primary, pseudo‐exfoliation, or pigmentary glaucoma who used none (n = 20), one (n = 33), two (n = 61) or three or more (n = 92) pre‐selective laser trabeculoplasty topical anti‐glaucoma medications. The mean baseline intraocular pressures for each group was 23.7, 22.2, 20.7 and 20.4 mmHg, respectively (P = 0.061). Post‐treatment mean intraocular pressure was 17.9, 17.7, 15.5, and 15.7 mmHg; percentage reduction was similar between groups (23.6–25.6%, P = 0.20). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed comparable survival rates across groups (P = 0.445). At 60 months, 11.1, 17.1, 30.5 and 11.5% of responders remained in each group. Higher proportions of patients in groups 2 and 3 required further laser or surgery.ConclusionThe number of pre‐selective laser trabeculoplasty medications did not affect the intraocular pressure‐lowering effectiveness of selective laser trabeculoplasty; however, groups on more medications required more pressure‐lowering interventions.
Contact sensitization to modern dressings: a multicentre study on 354 patients with chronic leg ulcers
Authors: Valois Aude , Waton Julie , Avenel‐Audran Martine , Truchetet François , Collet Evelyne , Raison‐Peyron Nadia , Cuny Jean Francois , Bethune Benjamin , Schmutz Jean Luc , Barbaud Annick ,   On behalf of the Dermatology and Allergy group (GAD) of the French Society of Dermatology
Published: October 2014

SummaryBackgroundModern dressings (MDs) may have a low sensitization rate, but there is a lack of prospective studies in patients with chronic leg ulcers (CLUs) to evaluate this.ObjectivesTo determine the rate of sensitization (contact allergy) to MDs and substances present in dressings.Patients and methodsA prospective multicentre study was carried out in patients with CLUs at five French dermatology departments; patch tests were performed with the European baseline series and with an additional 27 individual allergens and 10 MDs.ResultsAmong 354 patients (226 women and 128 men) with CLUs, 59.6% had at least one positive patch test reaction to an MD and 19% had at least one sensitization to an MD. The number of positive test reactions per patient was correlated with the duration of ulcerative disease, but not with ulcer duration, the cause of the ulcer, or the presence of surrounding eczematous lesions. For 11 of 45 patients sensitized to Ialuset cream®, more detailed information could be obtained with sensitization to sodium dehydroacetate (5 cases) or Lanette SX® (3 cases).ConclusionsSensitization to MDs is not rare. It is absolutely necessary to label all components of MDs on their packaging and to avoid some sensitizing molecules, such as colophonium derivatives or any strong sensitizers.
Improvement of quality of life in patients with steroid‐refractory chronic graft‐versus‐host disease treated with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus
Authors: Lutz Mathias , Kapp Markus , Einsele Hermann , Grigoleit Götz Ulrich , Mielke Stephan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCompromised quality of life (QoL) is a frequent consequence of treatment‐refractory chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGvHD). Here, we report on the assessment of QoL in a subgroup of 22 patients with a median age of 54 (17–70) yr receiving an everolimus‐based salvage therapy at a single center for their steroid‐refractory cGvHD. Five patients suffered from mild, 13 from moderate, and four from severe cGvHD according to NIH consensus criteria when everolimus was introduced. Median treatment duration was 390 d ranging from 86 to 814 d. We performed actual and retrospective assessments of QoL (EuroQol EQ‐5D questionnaire) and degree of bother experienced by cGvHD symptoms (Lee cGvHD Symptom Scale). Seventeen of 22 patients showed an improved QoL according to the EQ‐5D visual analog scale (37.5% vs. 70.0%; p < 0.001), and a decline in the median Lee cGvHD Symptom Scale was noted in 20 of 22 patients (28 vs. 17; p < 0.001). Furthermore, an improvement was noted in each of the five dimensions of the EQ‐5D descriptive system. These data even when limited by their retrospective nature suggest that beyond physical responses everolimus may have contributed to the rebuilding of patients' QoL.
Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion Is Reduced in Infants with Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Zakaria Dala , Sachdeva Ritu , Gossett Jeffrey M. , Tang Xinyu , O'Connor Matthew J. 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundRight ventricular (RV) function is reduced in infants with pulmonary hypertension (PH) but echocardiographic assessment can be challenging. We sought to determine the role of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) in infants with PH and compared it with other markers such as tricuspid annular S' and RV fractional area change (RVFAC).MethodsRetrospective review of medical records of 30 infants treated for PH and 69 healthy controls from January 2012 to November 2012 was performed. Patients with significant congenital heart disease were excluded. Offline analysis of echocardiograms was performed to obtain TAPSE, tricuspid annular S', and RVFAC. TAPSE was indexed to body surface area (TAPSE/BSA). Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relation between echocardiographic markers and PH.ResultsTAPSE and TAPSE/BSA were significantly lower in PH patients. PH patients were younger than controls; however, TAPSE was significantly lower in PH patients after matching with controls by age. Tricuspid annular S' was decreased in PH patients, but RVFAC was similar. On multivariate analysis, tricuspid S' did not have a significant effect on the probability of PH (P = 0.067). The odds of PH significantly increased with each 1 mm decrease in TAPSE (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.26–2.45). Inter‐observer agreement for TAPSE showed concordance correlation coefficient of 0.89.ConclusionsTAPSE is a feasible and reproducible marker of RV systolic function in infants with PH and is superior to tricuspid annular S' and RVFAC. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the role of TAPSE in serial evaluation of PH.
Effect of fibroblast growth factor and enamel matrix derivative treatment on root resorption after delayed replantation
Authors: Tuna Elif Bahar , Arai Kiyoshi , Tekkesin Merva Soluk , Seymen Figen , Gencay Koray , Kuboyama Noboru , Maeda Takahide 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal ligament (PDL) healing and long term prognosis of replanted avulsed teeth should rely on several factors including length of extra‐oral dry time and type of the storage medium. The status of periodontal ligament is critical for the healing of replanted teeth. Different substances have been used for root surface treatment to promote formation of PDL and increase the survival of avulsed teeth submitted to replantation.AimThe purpose of this study was to assess the effect of recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (bFGF) and enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on root resorption after delayed replantation.Design18 freshly extracted single‐rooted incisor and premolar teeth were extracted from the beagle dogs and immersed in whole bovine milk for 45 and 60 min (n = 3 each). Following storage period, sockets washed and teeth were treated with bFGF and EMD and replanted into the sockets. After 8 weeks, dogs were sacrificed, specimens processed to 4‐μm thick serial sections for histopathologic examination and morphometric assessments. Thus, the proportions of the roots that exhibited signs of surface resorption, inflammatory resorption, and replacement resorption, that is, ankylosis and normal PDL were noted.ResultsThe percentage of root resorption was in the following order: EMD>milk>bFGF for 45 min and milk>EMD>bFGF for 60 min. For all groups, teeth stored 60 min showed significantly higher incidence of PDL resorption than those stored for 45 min (P < 0.01). The highest incidence of replacement resorption was observed in teeth treated with EMD for 60 min. After 8 weeks, the least resorption was found in bFGF‐treated group (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that use of bFGF favored the formation of new periodontal ligament; prevent ankylosis and resorption process following delayed replantation of teeth while EMD shows replacement resorption, which may turn to ankylosis.
Weekly rituximab consolidation following four cycles of R‐CHOP induction chemotherapy in very elderly patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: Consortium for improving survival of lymphoma study (CISL)
Authors: Jung Sung‐Hoon , Lee Je‐Jung , Kim Won Seog , Lee Won‐Sik , Do Young Rok , Oh Sung Yong , Kim Min Kyoung , Mun Yeung‐Chul , Shin Ho‐Jin , Kwak Jae‐Yong , Kang Hye Jin , Won Jong Ho , Kwon Jung Hye , Park Eunkyung , Suh Cheolwon , Yang Deok‐Hwan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the objective response, toxicity, and clinical outcome of weekly rituximab consolidation after four cycles of R‐CHOP21 in very elderly patients with DLBCL. A prospective, multi‐institutional phase II trial was conducted on patients with previously untreated CD20+ DLBCL who were older than 70 yr. Patients were treated with four cycles of R‐CHOP21 followed by weekly consolidation with rituximab (375mg/m2, four times infusion) (NCT01181999). We also compared the clinical outcomes with an historical case‐matched control group treated conventionally with six cycles of R‐CHOP21. A total of 51 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL were enrolled at 15 institutes between June 2010 and September 2013. The median age was 76 yr (range: 70–89). Forty‐one of the 51 patients completed the planned rituximab consolidation (R‐consolidation). The overall response rate was 78.4%, comprising 74.5% with a complete response and 3.9% with a partial response. After a median follow‐up of 20.3 months, 2‐yr progression‐free survival and overall survival were 63.9% and 68.7%, respectively. No serious toxicities were reported during rituximab consolidation. Weekly rituximab consolidation following four cycles of R‐CHOP21 resulted in an acceptable response with high tolerability and could be a good compromise between efficacy and safety for elderly patients with DLBCL.
Pathophysiology and principles of management of the many faces of the acute vaso‐occlusive crisis in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Ballas Samir K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractEffective management of sickle cell pain entails a thorough understanding of its pathophysiology and the pharmacogenomics of the opioids used to manage it. In recent years, there has been significant progress along these two lines. At the pathophysiologic level, there is evidence that the severity and frequency of painful stimuli modulate their transmission at the level of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. This modulation is achieved via two channels: the α‐Amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and NMDA receptors. Initially, the AMPA channel controls the transmission of stimuli of mild–moderate severity. Once the AMPA channel reaches its limit of membrane depolarization, the NMDA channel is activated and facilitates the transmission of painful stimuli in a progressive fashion leading to central sensitization and glial activation. At the level of pharmacogenomics, the metabolism of each opioid is patient‐specific. Glucuronidation is unique for the metabolism of morphine, hydromorphone, and oxymorphone. The metabolism of all other opioids requires specific Cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes. The activity of each isoenzyme and the activity of the metabolites of each opioid vary among patients depending on their genetic makeup and coexistent environmental factors such as the use of other medications that may enhance or inhibit the CYP isoenzyme activity.
Fundamental population–productivity relationships can be modified through density‐dependent feedbacks of life‐history evolution
Authors: Kuparinen Anna , Stenseth Nils Christian , Hutchings Jeffrey A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe evolution of life histories over contemporary time scales will almost certainly affect population demography. One important pathway for such eco‐evolutionary interactions is the density‐dependent regulation of population dynamics. Here, we investigate how fisheries‐induced evolution (FIE) might alter density‐dependent population–productivity relationships. To this end, we simulate the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of an Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) population under fishing, followed by a period of recovery in the absence of fishing.FIEis associated with increases in juvenile production, the ratio of juveniles to mature population biomass, and the ratio of the mature population biomass relative to the total population biomass. In contrast, net reproductive rate (R0) and per capita population growth rate (r) decline concomitantly with evolution. Our findings suggest thatFIEcan substantially modify the fundamental population–productivity relationships that underlie density‐dependent population regulation and that form the primary population‐dynamical basis for fisheries stock‐assessment projections. From a conservation and fisheries‐rebuilding perspective, we find thatFIEreducesR0andr, the two fundamental correlates of population recovery ability and inversely extinction probability.
Exercise‐induced pulmonary haemorrhage impairs racing performance inThoroughbred racehorses
Authors: Morley P. S. , Bromberek J. L. , Saulez M. N. , Hinchcliff K. W. , Guthrie A. J. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryReasons for performing studyExercise‐induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) occurs commonly inThoroughbred racehorses worldwide. WhileEIPHis believed to be an important cause of impaired performance in these horses, there is limited evidence from sufficiently powered studies to evaluate this association.ObjectivesTo evaluate whetherEIPHis associated with finishing position, distance finished behind race winners and differences in race earning amongThoroughbred horses racing inSouthAfrica.Study designProspective cross‐sectional study.MethodsOne thousand Thoroughbred horses racing inSouthAfrica were enrolled prior to a single race and underwent tracheobronchoscopic examination within 2 h of racing. Three observers, blinded to the horses' identity and race performance, independently evaluatedEIPHoccurrence and severity using video recordings of the examination. Data were analysed using multivariable logistic and linear regression while controlling for important horse and race factors as potential confounding variables.ResultsOverall, 68% of horses had evidence ofEIPH(grade≥1). Horses without evidence ofEIPH(severitygrade 0), when compared with horses with any evidence ofEIPH(grade≥1), were >2 times more likely to win races (odds ratio = 2.3; 95% confidence interval 1.4–3.7; P = 0.001), finished an average of one length ahead of horses withEIPH(P = 0.03), and were 2.5 times more likely to be in the highest decile in race earnings (odds ratio = 2.5, 95% CI 1.5–4.1, P<0.001). However, no association was identified regarding finishing in the top 3 positions or earning money when analysed as a continuous variable or analysed as any winnings vs. none.ConclusionsExercise‐induced pulmonary haemorrhage was associated with impaired performance inThoroughbred racehorses not medicated with furosemide and not using nasal dilator strips. These findings provide strong corroboration of previous research indicating that the occurrence ofEIPHhas a major impact on the ability ofThoroughbred racehorses to compete successfully as elite athletes.
A commercially available immunoglobulinE‐based test for food allergy gives inconsistent results in healthy ponies
Authors: Dupont S. , De Spiegeleer A. , Liu D. J. X. , Lefère L. , van Doorn D. A. , Hesta M. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryReasons for performing studyCommercial immunoglobulinE(IgE)‐based tests are available for diagnosis of food allergies and are commonly used in equine practice. However, these tests have been proven unreliable as a screening method in man and other species, but not critically evaluated in equids. Therefore, a commercially availableIgE‐based test for horses was evaluated.ObjectivesTo evaluate the consistency of the results obtained with a commercially availableIgE‐based test for food allergy diagnosis in ponies (PhaseI) and to subject ponies to a provocation trial with the presumed allergens (PhaseII).Study designAllergen screening followed by experimental food provocation trials in healthy ponies.MethodsBlood samples of 17 healthy Shetland ponies were taken at 2 different time points, sent blinded to a commercial laboratory for screening of common food allergens and the results were evaluated for consistency (PhaseI). Ponies that were positive for food allergens were consecutively challenged orally with each allergen separately for 14 days (PhaseII). A washout period of one week was applied in ponies with multiple positive results. Clinical parameters and serum amyloid A were monitored during the provocation trial.ResultsOnly 7/17 ponies were negative on theIgE‐based test at the 2 time points, 3 had positive results twice but only one tested positive twice for the same food allergen. No abnormalities were noted during the provocation trials.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that thisIgE‐based test is not a reliable screening tool for food allergy in healthy equids.