bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophile‐Driven Copper‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Halogen Quinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Cheng Jie , Zhai Hong , Bai Jun , Tang Jun , Lv Ling , Sun Bei 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAn efficient benign method for the synthesis of the title compounds is shown in a highly regioselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot and Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Aliphatic and Aromatic 1H‐Indazolo[2,1‐b]phthalazinetriones Catalyzed by Boron Sulfonic Acid.
Authors: Soheilizad Mehdi , Adib Mehdi , Sajjadifar Sami 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe reusability of the employed catalyst, good to excellent yields, short reaction times, and the avoidance of harsh reagents are the main advantages of the introduced method.
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Synthetic Route to Annulated Diaminopyrimidines.
Authors: Erdmann Alexandre , Halby Ludovic , Cantagrel Frederic , Sautel Francois , Massiot Georges , Arimondo Paola B. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAnnulated diaminopyrimidines are prepared via Thorpe—Ziegler cyclization of various dinitriles followed by in situ reaction with cyanamides (II) in a one‐pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of an ABC Tricyclic Model of the Cylindrospermopsin Alkaloids via a Biomimetically Inspired Pathway.
Authors: Evans Daniel. M. , Horton Peter N. , Hursthouse Michael B. , Murphy Patrick J. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractTricyclic guanidine model compounds (VI) are prepared in 12 steps from pentanediol (I) using a tethered Biginelli condensation between deprotected (II) and β‐keto esters (III) as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Dihydropyrazines and Their Double ortho‐Annulation to Hexaazapentacenes.
Authors: Strathausen Rainer , Beckert Rainer , Fleischhauer Jan , Mueller Dirk , Goerls Helmar 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSimple cycloacylation of oxalic amidines (I) with bis‐imidoyl chlorides (II) gives dihydropyrazine derivatives (III), which provide access to hexaazapentacene derivatives via a double intramolecular ring closure reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Masked Diboron in Cu‐Catalyzed Borylation Reaction: Highly Regioselective Formal Hydroboration of Alkynes for Synthesis of Branched Alkenylborons.
Authors: Yoshida Hiroto , Takemoto Yuki , Takaki Ken 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA series of alkenylboron products (III) is readily prepared by a copper‐catalyzed borylation of alkynes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Acylphosphonylation—Dual Lewis Acid—Lewis Base Activation of Aldehyde and Acylphosphonate.
Authors: Wen Ye‐Qian , Hertzberg Robin , Moberg Christina 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe presented method enables the access to enantioenriched α‐acetoxyphosphonates using a three‐component catalyst system.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Selenophene.
Authors: Rampon Daniel S. , Wessjohann Ludger A. , Schneider Paulo H. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe presented method gives regioselective access to 2‐arylated and 2,5 symmetric diarylated selenophenes in a one‐step procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Cycloartane Triterpenoids from Kleinhovia hospita
Authors: Mo Jian‐Xia , Bai Yang , Liu Bo , Zhou Chang‐Xin , Zou Li , Gan Li‐She 
Published: December 2014

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxic activities of new triterpenoids (I), (II) and six known pentacyclic triterpenoids
ChemInform Abstract: New Norclerodane Diterpenoids from the Tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera.
Authors: Tang Ying , Xue Yong‐bo , Zhou Lei , Zhang Jin‐wen , Yao Guang‐min , Luo Zeng‐wei , Du Guang , Zhang Yong‐hui 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe two new compounds diosbulbin N (I) and P (II) and a new naturally occurring compound (III) are isolated from the tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera along with six known norclerodane diterpenoids.
ChemInform Abstract: Sesquiterpenoids from Chloranthus henryi and Their Antineuroinflammatory Activities.
Authors: Wang Li‐Jun , Xiong Juan , Liu Shu‐Ting , Liu Xin‐Hua , Hu Jin‐Feng 
Published: December 2014

Abstract5 New sesquiterpenoids (I)↔(V) are isolated from the whole plant of Chloranthus henryi together with 7 known sesquiterpenoids and 5 known lindenane‐type disesquiterpenoids.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyhydroxylated Sterols from the South China Sea Gorgonian Verrucella umbraculum.
Authors: Cao Fei , Shao Chang‐Lun , Wang Yu , Xu Kai‐Xia , Qi Xin , Wang Chang‐Yun 
Published: December 2014

AbstractVerumbsteroids A (I) and B (II) are isolated along with seven known analogs from the gorgonian Verrucella umbraculum.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal Synthesis of (‐)‐Cyclaradine Using Ring Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Raju Gurrapu , Rao Jalagam Prasada , Rao Batchu Venkateswara 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAn efficient and stereoselective synthesis of the carbasugar moiety (I) of (‐)‐cyclaradine starting from L‐glutamic acid is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Butenolides Produced by an Actinomycete Streptomyces sp.
Authors: Wang Tang , Jiang Yi , Ma Kai‐Xia , Li Yi‐Qing , Huang Rong , Xie Xiao‐Song , Wu Shao‐Hua 
Published: December 2014

AbstractTwo new butenolides (Ia,b) are isolated from the culture broth of a bacterium of the genus Streptomyces derived from soil environment together with three known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Convenient Route for the Construction of 5‐((1H‐1,2,4‐Triazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐1H‐indoles and Its Application in the Synthesis of Rizatriptan.
Authors: He Yi , Li Xiaolong , Li Jue , Li Xiaocen , Guo Li , Hai Li , Wu Yong 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of Rizatriptan (IV) is based on the acid mediated coupling of alcohol (I) with indoline (II), followed by deacetylation and dehydrogenation of key intermediate (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Daptomycin; Constrained Head‐to‐tail Tetrapeptide Cyclizations via Serine/Threonine Ligation
Authors: Lam Hiu Yung , Wong Clarence T. T. , Ho Po Yuen , Yeung Wai Leung , Li Xuechen 
Published: December 2014

AbstractReview: 6 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Fascinating Decade for the Synthesis of 1,2‐Azoles
Authors: Chakroborty Subhendu , Bhanja Chittaranjan , Jena Satyaban 
Published: December 2014

AbstractReview: most significant advances in the construction of functionalized pyrazoles, isoazoles, and isothiazoles reported in the literature up to 2012; 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Complete Field Guide to Asymmetric BINOL‐Phosphate Derived Bronsted Acid and Metal Catalysis: History and Classification by Mode of Activation; Bronsted Acidity, Hydrogen Bonding, Ion Pairing, and Metal Phosphates
Authors: Parmar Dixit , Sugiono Erli , Raja Sadiya , Rueping Magnus 
Published: December 2014

AbstractReview: 738 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis Optimization and Catalytic Activity Screening of Industrially Relevant Ruthenium‐Based Metathesis Catalysts
Authors: Doppiu Angelino , Caijo Frederic , Tripoteau Fabien , Bompard Savinien , Crevisy Christophe , Mauduit Marc 
Published: December 2014

AbstractReview: 58 refs.
A new upper bound for Shannon entropy. A novel approach in modeling of Big Data applications
Authors: Popescu Pantelimon George , Sluşanschi Emil‐Ioan , Iancu Voichiţa , Pop Florin 
Published: December 2014

SummaryAnalyzing data type produced, stored, and aggregated in Big Data environments is a challenge in understanding data quality and represents a crucial support for decisionmaking. Big Data application modeling requires meta‐data modeling, interaction modeling, and execution modeling. Entropy, relative entropy, and mutual information play important roles in information theory. Our purpose within this paper is to present a new upper bound for the classical Shannon's entropy. The new bound is derived from a refinement of a recent result from the literature, the inequality of S. S. Dragomir (2010). The reasoning is based on splitting the considered interval into the mentioned inequality. The upper bound can be considered in understanding the potential information that each data type may have in a Big Data environment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Separation of Time‐Resolved Phenomena in Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering of the Photocatalytic Reduction of p‐Nitrothiophenol
Authors: van Schrojenstein Lantman E. M. , de Peinder P. , Mank A. J. G. , Weckhuysen B. M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractStraightforward analysis of chemical processes on the nanoscale is difficult, as the measurement volume is linked to a discrete number of molecules, ruling out any ensemble averaging over rotation and diffusion processes. Raman spectroscopy is sufficiently selective for monitoring chemical changes, but is not sufficiently sensitive to be applied directly. Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can be applied for studying reaction kinetics, but adds additional variability in the signal as the enhancement factor is not the same for every location. A novel chemometric method described here separates reaction kinetics from short‐term variability, based on the lack of fit in a principal‐component analysis. We show that it is possible to study effects that occur on different time scales independently without data reduction using the photocatalytic reduction of p‐nitrothiophenol as a showcase system. Using this approach a better description of the nanoscale reaction kinetics becomes available, while the short‐term variations can be examined separately to examine reorientation and/or diffusion effects. It may even be possible to identify reaction intermediates through this approach. With only a limited number of reactive molecules in the studied volume, an intermediate on a SERS hot spot may temporarily dominate the spectrum. Now such events can be easily separated from the bulk conversion process by making use of this chemometric method.
Methylalumoxane – History, Production, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Zijlstra Harmen S. , Harder Sjoerd 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSince its discovery, methylalumoxane (MAO) has become of great importance as a cocatalyst in homogeneous olefin polymerization. The working principles of single‐site polymerization catalysts are well‐understood, but those of the cocatalyst MAO itself are not. Thus far structural and functional investigations have yielded limited insights and often give contradicting results. MAO's complex nature is due to multiple equilibria between undefined oligomers and “free” trimethylaluminum. Fundamental studies do not clearly portray the molecular structure, and the exact functioning of MAO remains a topic of debate. This comprehensive overview starts with the historical background of MAO and then focuses on its synthesis and large‐scale production, structural characterization, properties, and different roles in the activation of olefin polymerization catalysts. Also given is an overview of potential modifications, immobilization on surfaces, and other alternative applications that have been reported for MAO.
Efficient Deposition of Semiconductor Powders for Photoelectrocatalysis by Airbrush Spraying
Authors: Gutkowski Ramona , Schäfer Dominik , Nagaiah Tharamani C. , Heras Jorgé E. Yanez , Busser Wilma , Muhler Martin , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPowder catalysts were deposited as thin films on transparent conductive oxides (TCO) by means of an airbrush spray coating technique. Photoelectrocatalytic properties of the powder catalysts were characterized using photocurrent spectroscopy at different wavelengths demonstrating on the one hand the stability of the films and on the other hand the electrical connection with the electrode surface. The morphology and thickness of the deposited powder catalyst films on TCO were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Aiming at photocatalytic water splitting, semiconductor powders like gallium oxide (Ga2O3) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were used as test samples to optimize the deposition technique resulting in thin homogeneous layers and good adhesion on the conductive substrate. The proposed airbrush deposition technique of powder catalysts allows closing an experimental gap between microheterogeneous systems and modified electrodes for finding suitable materials for photoelectrochemical water splitting.
Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry for Trace Determination of Quinalphos Employing Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Khare Ninad G. , Dar Riyaz A. , Srivastava Ashwini K. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA silicon carbide nanoparticle‐coated glassy carbon electrode (SiCNPs‐GCE) was employed for electrochemical determination of Quinalphos (QNP) using different electroanalytical techniques. QNP showed an enhancement in the reduction peak current at SiCNPs modified GCE in pH 7.0 (BR Buffer). The peak current was found to be linear with the QNP concentration in the range from 6.69×10−9 to 1.34×10−6 M (r=0.995) with detection limit of 1.34×10−9 M (S/N=3). The developed sensor (SiCNPs‐GCE) was employed for QNP determination in tap water, lake water, soil, mango as well as in biological samples.
Inflammation and cognitive functioning in African Americans and Caucasians
Authors: Goldstein Felicia C. , Zhao Liping , Steenland Kyle , Levey Allan I. 
Published: December 2014

ObjectiveTo examine associations between inflammation and cognitive performance in African Americans and Caucasians.MethodsThe sample included 59 African Americans and 219 Caucasians ≥  50 years old who had a baseline visit at the Emory/Georgia Tech Center for Health Discovery and Well Being. Peripheral levels of inflammation (interleukin‐6, interleukin‐8, C‐reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor‐α) were examined in relation to performance on tests of visual processing (Identify the Odd Pattern), attention (Digit Span Forward), visuomotor set shifting (Digit Symbol Substitution), verbal set shifting (Digit Span Backwards), and memory (Recall a Pattern).ResultsMultiple regression models adjusting for potential demographic and vascular/metabolic confounders were conducted, with markers of inflammation included as either continuous or categorical (quartiles) variables. There were significant interactions between IL‐8 and race for the Recall a Pattern (p = .006) and the Digit Symbol Substitution (p = .014) tests. Race‐specific analyses (using a continuous variable for IL‐8) demonstrated slower response times on the Recall a Pattern and Digit Symbol Substitution tests for African Americans but not for Caucasians. Categorical analyses among African Americans indicated that all of the top three quartiles of IL‐8 were associated with slower reaction times on the Recall a Pattern test compared to the lowest quartile, while for Digit Symbol, the highest quartile of IL‐8 was associated with the slowest cognitive performance.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest a stronger association between IL‐8 and cognitive performance in African Americans than Caucasians. This relationship should be further examined in larger samples that are followed over time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effect of Mood on Problem Finding in Scientific Creativity
Authors: Chen Borong , Hu Weiping , Plucker Jonathan A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis study examined the influence of different mood states on Creative Science Problem Finding (CSPF).CSPFwas measured in terms of Fluency, Flexibility, and Originality. Imagery techniques were used to induce positive or negative mood states in participants, with results suggesting that positive mood led to a significant increase inCSPFperformance compared with neutral mood, especially for the dimensions of fluency and flexibility. No difference was found between negative mood and neutral mood. Results provide evidence that anger had no impact onCSPFperformance compared with neutral mood. However, fear appeared to inhibit the performance ofCSPF. The interaction between specific moods andCSPFprovide evidence that moods influencedCSPFwith open instructions more than with closed instructions.
Dimensions of Luxury Brand Personality: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Sung Yongjun , Choi Sejung Marina , Ahn Hongmin , Song Young‐A 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTBoth the marketing industry and academia have been paying more attention to the growth and potential of the luxury market. This research developed a theoretical framework for understanding the dimensions of luxury brand personality and a reliable and valid scale that measures these dimensions. When 30 luxury brands, ranging from fashion to automobile and retail, were assessed on a set of diverse personality attributes, six dimensions representing luxury brand personality were identified: Excitement, Sincerity, Sophistication, Professionalism, Attractiveness, and Materialism. Findings indicate that while three dimensions, Sincerity, Excitement, and Sophistication, share similar qualities with those identified in Aaker's (1997) scale for general brand personality, the other three dimensions, Professionalism, Attractiveness, and Materialism, reflect meanings unique and specific to luxury brands. Altogether, the results of this research hold the notion that luxury brands serving as consumption symbols provide both utilitarian benefits and symbolic meanings to contemporary consumers.
Lightweight titanium/polymer/titanium sandwich sheet for technical and biomedical application
Authors: Harhash M. , Carradò A. , Palkowski H. 
Published: December 2014

The development of biocompatible implants is remarkably increased by designing new alloys; mainly on the basis of titanium (Ti) and magnesium (Mg) for permanent and biodegradable alloys, respectively. Polymer‐based composite structures were also developed and tested to match the conditions of human bones. In this paper, a sandwich material (SM) approach is introduced to tailor the biomechanical properties, mainly the elastic modulus (E) and the biocompatible properties. The sandwich material is composed of Ti grade 1 (Ti Gr. 1) cover sheets and a polypropylene copolymer (PP‐PE) core (PP‐polypropylene, PE‐polyethylene). An epoxy resin is used as an adhesive agent. This type of sandwich material has the potential to replace commercially used laminates in aerospace and automotive industry in cases of the need of a formable lightweight product, too.The mechanical properties were characterized for different core thicknesses via tensile testing. The mechanical properties exhibited a good matching with the estimated values according to the rule of mixtures. On this basis, sandwich material can be tailored to give the appropriate density, elastic modulus and strength as well by varying the ratio of thickness between the partners. The forming behavior was examined under deep drawing conditions, where the Ti‐sandwiches exhibit a good drawing capability; cups can be drawn close to the limits of the mono‐metal sheet. 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐y1]‐2,5‐diphenytetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay was used to examine the behavior of human osteosarcoma MG‐63 cells on metal and polymer components of sandwich material. Cell viability was much higher for Ti/PP‐PE/Ti sandwiches compared to 316L/PP‐PE/316L ones.
Monotonic and cyclic deformation behaviour of Fe–36Ni (INVAR) syntactic foam
Authors: Krupp U. , Poltersdorf P. , Nesic S. , Baumeister J. , Weise J. 
Published: December 2014

The present paper provides an overview of the mechanical properties of syntactic metal foams based on a Fe–36Ni (INVAR) matrix with different weight fractions of S60HS soda‐lime borosilicate glass hollow particles (0 wt%, 5 wt% and 10 wt%). Similar to conventional metallic foams, syntactic foams show excellent damping and energy‐absorption properties, however, at substantially higher compression and tensile strengths values. In spite of the distinguished adjustable properties, syntactic foams are today not commercially being used, mainly due to lack in available material data. Within this study, the syntactic material has been evaluated with a special focus on its compression, tension and fully‐reversed fatigue behavior. By means of scanning electron microscopy, the respective fracture surfaces gave evidence of the governing failure mode, mostly fatigue striations and patches of ductile rupture.
Chemoselective Oxidation of Benzyl, Amino, and Propargyl Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones under Mild Reaction Conditions
Authors: Reddy C. B. Rajashekar , Reddy Sabbasani Rajasekhara , Naidu Shivaji 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCatalytic oxidation reactions often suffer from drawbacks such as low yields and poor selectivity. Particularly, selective oxidation of alcohols becomes more difficult when a compound contains more than one oxidizable functional group. In order to deliver a methodology that addresses these issues, herein we report an efficient, aerobic, chemoselective and simplified approach to oxidize a broad range of benzyl and propargyl alcohols containing diverse functional groups to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Optimal yields were obtained at room temperature using 1 mmol substrate, 10 mol % copper(I) iodide, 10 mol % 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and 1 mol % 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine 1‐oxyl (TEMPO) in acetonitrile, under an oxygen balloon. The catalytic system can be applied even when sensitive and oxidizable groups such as alkynes, amines, and phenols are present; starting materials and products containing such groups were found to be stable under the developed conditions.
Assessment of the Full Compatibility of Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Alkyne‐Azide Cycloaddition and Oxime Click Reactions for bis‐Labelling of Oligonucleotides
Authors: Estalayo-Adriàn Sandra , Lartia Rémy , Meyer Albert , Vasseur Jean-Jacques , Morvan François , Defrancq Eric 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe conjugation of oligonucleotides with reporters is of great interest for improving their intrinsic properties or endowing new ones. In this context, we report herein a new procedure for the bis‐labelling of oligonucleotides through oxime ligation (Click‐O) and copper(I)‐catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition (Click‐H). 5′‐Azido and 3′‐aldehyde precursors were incorporated into oligonucleotides, and subsequent coupling reactions through Click‐O and Click‐H (or vice versa) were successfully achieved. In particular, we exhaustively investigated the full compatibility of each required step for both tethering strategies. The results demonstrate that click Huisgen and click oxime reactions are fully compatible. However, whilst both approaches can deliver the targeted doubly conjugated oligonucleotide, the route involving click oxime ligation prior to click Huisgen is significantly more successful. Thus the reactions investigated here can be considered to be key elements of the chemical toolbox for the synthesis of highly sophisticated bioconjugates.