bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of several intracanal medicaments on the push‐out bond strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine
Authors: Nagas E. , Cehreli Z. C. , Uyanik M. O. , Vallittu P. K. , Lassila L. V. J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of prior application of several intracanal medicaments on the push‐out bond strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine.MethodologySixty freshly extracted maxillary anterior teeth were sectioned below the cementoenamel junction, and the root canals instrumented using rotary files. Thereafter, a parallel post drill was used to obtain a standardized root canal dimension. The roots were randomly assigned into one of the following groups with respect to the intracanal medicament applied: group 1: calcium hydroxide (CH) powder (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) mixed with distilled water; group 2: a mixture of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and minocycline (triple antibiotic paste); group 3: a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (Augmentin; Champs Pharmacy, San Antonio, TX, USA); group 4: an antibiotic–corticoid compound paste (Ledermix; Riemser, Greifswald, Germany); and group 5: no medicament (control). Following removal of medicaments with instrumentation and irrigation, the roots were cut into 1‐mm‐thick parallel transverse sections in a coronal‐to‐apical direction (5 slices/tooth). Thereafter, the specimens were divided into two subgroups according to the calcium silicate cement applied (n = 30/group): (i) ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK, USA) and (ii) Biodentine (Septodont, Saint‐Maur‐des‐Fosses, France). A push‐out test was performed, and the data were analysed statistically using two‐way anova and Tukey's post hoc test.ResultsRegardless of the type of intracanal medicament used, Biodentine had significantly higher bond strength than MTA (P < 0.05). The highest push‐out bond strength results were obtained in CH‐treated dentine. Compared with other medicaments, this value was only significantly higher than that of Ledermix (P < 0.05). In both the MTA and Biodentine groups, pairwise comparisons between other medicaments showed similar debonding values (P > 0.05).ConclusionsBiodentine had a higher bond strength to root canal dentine than ProRoot MTA. Prior CH in distilled water intracanal placement increased the dislodgment resistance of both calcium silicate cements.
Endoglin expression in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma is associated with intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy
Authors: Fujita Kazutoshi , Ujike Takeshi , Nagahara Akira , Uemura Motohide , Tanigawa Go , Shimazu Kohki , Fushimi Hiroaki , Yamaguchi Seiji , Nonomura Norio 
Published: January 2015

ObjectivesTo evaluate the expression and prognostic significance of endoglin in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.MethodszArchival formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues from 99 cases of primary upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas treated with nephroureterectomy were retrieved. Tissue microarrays were constructed with triplicate tumor samples and paired non‐neoplastic urothelium. Tissue microarrays were analyzed using immunohistochemistry for endoglin, and the associations between clinicopathological parameters and outcome were studied.ResultsEndoglin expression was significantly higher in the endothelium of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas than in paired benign urothelium (P < 0.001). Endoglin expression was not associated with pathological T stage or tumor grade, and it was not associated with increased hazard ratios for cancer‐specific mortality, tumor recurrence in the lymph node or distant metastasis. However, expression of endoglin was significantly associated with intravesical recurrence, when adjusting for other relevant clinicopathological variables (P = 0.015).ConclusionsEndoglin is overexpressed in the endothelium of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas when compared with normal urothelium, and this overexpression seems to be associated with a higher risk of intravesical recurrence. Therefore, endoglin could be a biomarker for the prediction of intravesical recurrence, as well as a potential therapeutic target.
A service evaluation describing a nurse‐led prostate cancer service in NHS, Ayrshire and Arran
Authors: McGlynn Brian , White Lillian , Smith Kathleen , Hollins Graham , Gurun Murat , Little Brian , Clark Ross , Nair Biju , Glen Hilary , Ansari Jawaher , Mahmood Rana , Nairn Robert , Balsitis Margaret , Chanock David , McLaughlin George , Meddings Robert 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTFrom 1999, the NHS Ayrshire and Arran Health Board implemented an innovative nurse‐led collaborative care model for the management of patients with prostate cancer (PC). This article describes the model and presents the results of a local evaluation to assess its impact. The evaluation comprised a retrospective audit of the service against national standards for PC management, undertaken in 2012. Seventy‐one patients, who were under the care of the service during June 2008, were included. Patient and staff satisfaction were also assessed using questionnaires distributed to 75 patients undergoing outpatient or telephone reviews during April 2012 and 7 one‐to‐one semi‐structured staff interviews. The patient audit showed good compliance with standards relating to selection of appropriate PC treatments according to tumour stage and grade; radiotherapy dosing and referral‐to‐treatment times. Areas requiring improvement were the documentation of patients' risk and performance status and provision of verbal and written information to patients and carers. Seventy‐three per cent of the patient questionnaires were returned, with 96% of respondents rating their overall care as ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’. Staff satisfaction was also high and interviewees described many benefits of the service for patients, hospital staff, GPs and the NHS/health board. Negative responses related mainly to demand/capacity issues. Overall, the evaluation showed good compliance with many national standards and high levels of patient and staff satisfaction. This suggests that with trained and competent nursing staff and collaborative multidisciplinary team working, safe and appropriate care can be achieved for more complex, as well as very stable PC patients.
Non‐Tradable Share Reform, Liquidity, and Stock Returns in China
Authors: Hung Chi‐Hsiou D. , Chen Qiuliang , Fang Victor 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis article studies the influence of the non‐tradable share reform in the cross‐section of stock returns in China. Prior research has generally neglected this important development in the Chinese stock market. We find that the firm‐specific illiquidity measures that reflect direct transaction costs, price impact and difficulties in trading immediacy, exhibit a positive and significant relationship with stock returns. These effects are particularly pronounced after the non‐tradable share reform. Furthermore, in the post‐reform era, portfolios with high illiquidity (i.e. high relative bid–ask spread, high Amihud illiquidity, low Amivest liquidity ratio) significantly outperform portfolios with low illiquidity, controlling for size, and book‐to‐market effects.
More than providing ‘solutions’: towards an understanding of customer‐oriented citizenship behaviours of IS professionals
Authors: Deng Xuefei (Nancy) , Wang Tawei , Galliers Robert D. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractInformation systems (IS) support in organizations has undergone dramatic changes over the years. IS professionals in the support function have become an important knowledge source to colleagues who seek assistance with their IS usage. Our understanding of IS professionals' customer‐oriented behaviours is limited, however. Focusing on IS post‐implementation support and drawing upon organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) theory, this paper seeks to understand IS professionals' citizenship behaviours in supporting colleagues. Our analysis of 630 support tasks performed by IS professionals with regard to two systems at three periods reveals five types of customer‐oriented OCB: anticipation, education, justification, personalization‐technology and personalization‐business. Our results also show different associations between four contextual factors of IS support (i.e. system, user, task and problem) and the OCBs. In instances of user deficiency, more personalization‐business and anticipation OCBs were observed across all the four problem domains (functionality, data, workflow and role). By contrast, in instances of system deficiency, more personalization‐technology OCBs were observed among the two problem domains of data and functionality. Moreover, the occurrence of OCBs revealed a temporal pattern such that personalization‐business OCBs are more pronounced in early post‐implementation periods whereas anticipation OCBs and personalization‐technology OCBs become more dominant later. The categorization scheme of the customer‐oriented OCB, the OCB dynamics and the patterns between OCB types and the contextual factors advance our understanding of the evolving and challenging work of organizational IS support. Our findings extend the OCB literature on customer orientation and enrich the limited studies on knowledge‐intensive IS support work. Practical implications of the findings on IS management and policies are discussed.
Clumping behavior and byssus production as strategies for substrate competition in Mytilus edulis
Authors: Khalaman Vyacheslav V. , Lezin Peter A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractLaboratory experiments showed that the musselMytilus edulisaggregated more intensely around living organisms (the bivalveHiatella arcticaand the solitary ascidianStyela rustica, which commonly co‐occur with mussels in fouling communities) than around inanimate objects. When exposed to an inanimate object, mussels attached their byssal threads primarily to the substrate, close to the object, but when exposed to a living organism, they attached their byssal threads directly to the organism. The ascidian was more intensely covered with byssal threads than was the bivalve. Mussel attachment to the ascidians was apparently determined by the physical characteristics of the tunic and to a lesser extent by the excretion‐secretion products released byS. rustica. This study indicates that mussels can use byssus threads as a means of entrapment of potential competitors for space. It remains unclear why mussels preferentially attached to ascidians compared to the bivalve. This can be explained either by competitive interactions, or by attractiveness of the ascidian tunic as an attachment substratum.
Introduction: Cognition, Motion Events, and SLA
Authors: Bylund Emanuel , Athanasopoulos Panos 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTThis opening article introduces the reader to current topics in research on language and thought in monolingual speakers and second language (L2) learners, with particular attention to the domain of motion. The article also delineates the rationale that underlies the special issue at hand, and provides a contextualisation of the individual contributions. It is argued that the centrality of motion in everyday human life, in combination with the vast cross‐linguistic variation in motion construal, makes motion events a suitable topic for SLA research, both in terms of ecological validity and learnability challenge. The pedagogical aspects of this line of research are discussed in terms of, first, whether it is desirable to include the acquisition of language‐specific thought patterns in curricular goals, and second, whether the knowledge about language specificity in thought can be used in teaching as a means to facilitate learning.
Real and Fictive Motion Processing in Polish L2 Users of English and Monolinguals: Evidence for Different Conceptual Representations
Authors: Tomczak Ewa , Ewert Anna 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTWe examine cross‐linguistic influence in the processing of motion sentences by L2 users from an embodied cognition perspective. The experiment employs a priming paradigm to test two hypotheses based on previous action and motion research in cognitive psychology. The first hypothesis maintains that conceptual representations of motion are embodied by sensory and motor systems (Glenberg & Kaschak, 2002; Zwaan & Taylor, 2006) and predicts that linguistic descriptions of motion will be susceptible to conceptual priming effects. The second hypothesis assumes that the processing of fictive motion sentences, such as The road runs through the forest (cf. Talmy, 2000a), involves additional mental simulation of motion (Matlock, 2004b; Richardson & Matlock, 2007) and predicts that fictive motion will be processed more slowly than real motion. The participants were groups of Polish and English monolinguals and Polish L2 users of English, who were students in an English‐medium university program. Sentence meaningfulness judgment and response time data were collected from the monolinguals and the L2 users tested in both languages. Sentence meaningfulness judgments were examined to see how the participants represent motion in language and response time data were analyzed for evidence of conceptual processing. The results showed expected differences in response times to various sentence types in all groups, but the priming effect was not observed in Polish monolinguals and only selectively present in the L2 users responding in both languages. The results of our experiment indicate that fictive motion processing is both embodied in physical experience of motion and modified by language.
Televised Whorf: Cognitive Restructuring in Advanced Foreign Language Learners as a Function of Audiovisual Media Exposure
Authors: Bylund Emanuel , Athanasopoulos Panos 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTThe encoding of goal‐oriented motion events varies across different languages. Speakers of languages without grammatical aspect (e.g., Swedish) tend to mention motion endpoints when describing events (e.g., “two nuns walkto a house”) and attach importance to event endpoints when matching scenes from memory. Speakers of aspect languages (e.g., English), on the other hand, are more prone to direct attention to the ongoingness of motion events, which is reflected both in their event descriptions (e.g., “two nunsare walking”) and in their nonverbal similarity judgements. This study examines to what extent native speakers (L1) of Swedish (n = 82) with English as a foreign language (FL) restructure their categorisation of goal‐oriented motion as a function of their proficiency and experience with the English language (e.g., exposure, learning history, etc.). Seventeen monolingual native English speakers from the United Kingdom (UK) were recruited for comparison purposes. Data on motion event cognition were collected through a memory‐based triads matching task in which a target scene with an intermediate degree of endpoint orientation was matched with two alternative scenes with low and high degrees of endpoint orientation. Results showed that the preference among the Swedish speakers of FL English to base their similarity judgements on ongoingness rather than event endpoints was correlated with exposure to English in everyday life, such that those who often watched television in English approximated the ongoingness preference of the English native speakers. These findings suggest that event cognition patterns may be restructured through exposure to FL audiovisual media. The results add to the emerging picture that learning a new language entails learning new ways of observing and reasoning about reality.
Military Deployment and Reintegration: A Systematic Review of Child Coping
Authors: Bello‐Utu Cindy F. , DeSocio Janiece E. 
Published: January 2015

TopicChild coping with parent military deployment and family reintegration.PurposeA systematic review of research literature was conducted to examine the effects of deployment and family reintegration on children in military families.Sources UsedA search of CINAHL, PubMed, Psyc‐INFO, and SocINDEX databases was performed using the terms “military family,” “military child,” “child coping,” “deployment,” and “reintegration.” The search was limited to publications between 2001 and 2014 to focus on the effects of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), and Operation New Dawn (OND). Twenty‐seven research reports met inclusion criteria.ConclusionsThree themes were extracted: A child's coping is influenced by (a) the child's age and development, (b) the mental health and coping of the non‐deployed parent during deployment, and the mental health of both parents during family reintegration, and (c) the pre‐existing resilience/vulnerability, cumulative risks, and resources of the child and family.
Early symptoms and long‐term clinical outcomes of distal limb's cutaneous arterio‐venous malformations: a retrospective multicentre study of 19 adult patients
Authors: Guillet A. , Connault J. , Perrot P. , Perret C. , Herbreteau D. , Berton M. , Caron V. , Aubert H. , Stalder J.‐F. , Maruani A. , Barbarot S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIntroductionCutaneous arterio‐venous malformations (AVM) are high‐flow vascular malformations made up of a direct link between arteries and veins without intermediary capillary space. ‘Distal limb's AVM’, which mean involving hands or feet, are rare and their functional prognosis is often poor. Little is known about their early clinical symptoms. The objectives of this study were to identify early clinical symptoms of distal limb's cutaneous AVMs and to determine their long‐term clinical outcome.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out including adult patients who had distal limb's AVM, who were followed up between January 2000 and November 2013 in two regional tertiary care centres. The information was collected from patients' clinical records and completed by a structured telephone questionnaire.ResultsNineteen patients were included in the study: four (21%) with foot AVM and 15 (79%) with hand AVM. The first clinical symptoms were as follows: swelling (47%), pain (47%), one or several venous dilatations (37%) and rarely abnormal skin colour, hyperthermia and pulsating sensation. The median diagnosis delay was 9 years after the onset of first manifestations. Amongst the 17 patients who underwent a treatment, 53% had embolotherapy session(s), 12% surgery and 35% had both. After an average follow‐up of 57.6 months, 31% of the 13 patients contacted who were receiving treatment were in complete remission; 31% had partial remission; 15% had relapse after initial improvement and 23% had treatment failure. Overall, 74% of patients had a serious development of the AVM: 37% had digital or hand amputation, and 42% remained symptomatic and/or unstable.ConclusionThis study suggests that initial manifestations of distal limb's AVMs are discreet and non‐specific, leading to a diagnosis delay of about 10 years, with poor prognosis. Doctors should evoke the diagnosis earlier, when these symptoms are shown: pain and/or swelling, sometimes with a large vein.
Caste differentiation and seasonal changes in Vespa velutina (Hym.: Vespidae) colonies in its introduced range
Authors: Rome Q. , Muller F. J. , Touret‐Alby A. , Darrouzet E. , Perrard A. , Villemant C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSince its introduction in France 10 years ago, the yellow‐legged hornet, Vespa velutina, has rapidly spread to neighbouring countries (Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Italy and Germany). It showed efficient social traits facilitating its invasive success. Only scarce and incomplete natural history studies were known from its native distribution area. Studying the biology of this species in its invasive distribution range was thus a prerequisite to the implementation of efficient control methods in a near future. During a 3‐year field survey, we collected 77 nests to investigate several of the species' key colony characteristics. Our results enabled us to accurately quantify each of the castes and to better understand their synchronicity throughout the season. Our study showed that mature nests are able to produce up to 13 000 individuals and that the size of mature nests is correlated to the number of individuals produced. This correlation enables the inference of one characteristic from the other. Furthermore, each mature nest can produce up to several hundreds of potential founder queens, a crucial datum in the light of today's unregulated spring queen trapping control campaigns. In addition, nest dissections enabled to record the incidence of nest relocation for the first time in this species. Results are discussed with regards to what is known in other Vespidae species, with a focus on Vespula species that are known to be invasive in many other countries worldwide.
Detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in peripheral blood cells of silver crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch), suggests its potential in viral diagnosis
Authors: Wang H , Xu Lj , Lu Lq 
Published: January 2015

AbstractEpidemics caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV‐2) in domestic cyprinid species have been reported in both European and Asian countries. Although the mechanisms remain unknown, acute CyHV‐2 infections generally result in high mortality, and the surviving carps become chronic carriers displaying no external clinical signs. In this study, in situ hybridization analysis showed that CyHV‐2 tended to infect peripheral blood cells during either acute or chronic infections in silver crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch). Laboratory challenge experiments coupled with real‐time PCR quantification assays further indicated that steady‐state levels of the viral genomic copy number in fish serum exhibited a typical ‘one‐step’ growth curve post‐viral challenge. Transcriptional expression of open reading frames (ORF) 121, which was selected due to its highest transcriptional levels in almost all tested tissues, was monitored to represent the replication kinetics of CyHV‐2 in peripheral blood cells. Similar kinetic curve of active viral gene transcription in blood cells was obtained as that of serum viral load, indicating that CyHV‐2 replicated in peripheral blood cells as well as in other well‐characterized tissues. This study should pave the way for designing non‐invasive and cost‐effective serum diagnostic methods for quick detection of CyHV‐2 infection.
Effect of Storage Temperature at the Quality Index Method Scheme and Shelf‐Life Study of Mullet (Mugil platanus)
Authors: Andrade S.C.S. , Mársico E.T. , Franco R.M. , Mano S.B. , Conte C.A. , Freitas M.Q. , Cruz A.G. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA protocol for the sensory assessment of mullet (Mugil platanus) based on the quality index method (QIM) was developed and the influence of storage temperature (0 ± 1 and 5 ± 1C) on the quality index (QI) and shelf life was verified for 24 and 20 days, respectively. The QI correlated highly with storage time at 0 ± 1C (R2 = 0.982) and 5 ± 1C (R2 = 0.966). In mullet stored at 0 ± 1C, the parameters gill odor (1.210), odor (1.151), cornea (1.145), eye shape (1.083), general appearance (1.067), fin flexibility (1.049) and gill color (1.001) were most important for mullet's QIM; however, in samples stored at 5 ± 1C, fin flexibility (0.859) was not important. Temperature abuse promoted decrease in 8‐ and 27‐fold the lag phase of the mesophiles and psycrotrophs, respectively. According to the sensorial evaluation, the estimated shelf life for mullet stored at 0 ± 1C and 5 ± 1C was 14 and 7 days, respectively.Practical ApplicationsThe mullet is an important alternative fisheries resource for consumers. However, data regarding the fish quality are scarce. The development of sensorial scheme for mullet based on the quality index method may provide important information on fish quality and its remaining shelf life when stored under different temperatures, which reflect routine fish‐handling situations. Therefore, the results of this study can be utilized by researches in future studies as well as by manufacturers to determine the ideal storage conditions of mullet, ensuring thus a reduction in economic losses.