bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The inverse relation of HDL anti‐oxidative functionality with serum amyloid a is lost in metabolic syndrome subjects
Authors: Dullaart Robin P. F. , de Boer Jan Freark , Annema Wijtske , Tietge Uwe J.F. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjective:Anti‐oxidative properties of high density lipoproteins (HDL) are relevant for atheroprotection. HDL carry serum amyloid A (SAA), which may impair HDL functionality. We questioned whether HDL anti‐oxidative capacity is determined by SAA.Design and Methods:Relationships of HDL anti‐oxidative capacity (% inhibition of low density lipoprotein oxidation in vitro) with SAA were determined in 54 non‐diabetic subjects without metabolic syndrome (MetS) and 68 subjects with MetS (including 51 subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus).Results:SAA levels were higher in MetS subjects, coinciding higher high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) and lower HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo) A‐I levels (P<0.001 for all). HDL anti‐oxidative capacity was not different between subjects with and without MetS (P=0.76), but the HDL anti‐oxidation index (HDL anti‐oxidative capacity multiplied by individual HDL cholesterol concentrations), as a measure of global anti‐oxidative functionality of HDL, was lower in Mets subjects (P<0.001). HDL anti‐oxidative capacity was correlated inversely with SAA levels in subjects without MetS (r=‐0.286, P=0.036). Notably, this relationship was independent of HDL cholesterol or apoA‐I (P<0.05 for both). In contrast, no relation of HDL anti‐oxidative capacity with SAA was observed in MetS subjects (r=0.032, P=0.80). The relationship of SAA with HDL anti‐oxidative capacity was different in subjects with MetS compared to subjects without MetS (P=0.039 for the interaction between the presence of MetS and SAA on HDL anti‐oxidative capacity) taking age and diabetes status into account.Conclusion:Higher SAA levels may impair HDL anti‐oxidative functionality. The relationship of this physiologically relevant HDL functionality measure with circulating SAA levels is apparently disturbed in metabolic syndrome.
Preferring thin people does not imply derogating fat people. A rasch analysis of the implicit weight attitude
Authors: Anselmi Pasquale , Vianello Michelangelo , Robusto Egidio 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjective:The meaning of the implicit weight attitude in individuals of different weight by distinguishing the contribution of positive and negative associations to the overall measure was investigated.Design and Methods:The implicit weight attitude was assessed using the Implicit Association Test. A Rasch model was used to identify which stimuli most affected the implicit measure. Explicit attitudes were assessed with a thin‐fat preference scale, and thermometer scales for both thin and fat people. The sample consists of 510 individuals categorized according to their BMI.Results and Conclusion:A significant implicit preference for thin relative to fat people was observed in all weight groups. In normal weight and obese individuals, the preference was mostly affected by positive stimuli (more easily associated with thin than with fat people). In underweight individuals, the preference was mostly guided by positive (more easily associated with thin than with fat people) and negative (more easily associated with fat than with thin people) stimuli. In overweight individuals, all stimuli contributed to the preference in a similar way. In all weight groups, the implicit weight attitude correlated with the explicit preference and/or the thin thermometer, whereas it never correlated with the fat thermometer. A pro‐thin bias was observed in normal weight and obese individuals, whereas both a pro‐thin and an anti‐fat bias were observed in underweight individuals. A clear preference for thin people relative to fat people was observed in overweight individuals. Therefore, uncritically interpreting the implicit preference for thin people as a sign of derogating fat people might be misleading.
Circulating levels of persistent organic pollutants in relation to visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue by abdominal MRI
Authors: Roos Vendela , Rönn Monika , Salihovic Samira , Lind Lars , Bavel Bert van , Kullberg Joel , Johansson Lars , Ahlström Håkan , Lind P. Monica 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjective:We and others have shown relationships between circulating levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and different measures of obesity in both cross‐sectional and prospective studies. Since viscerally located fat seems to be the most harmful type, we investigated whether plasma POP levels were more closely related to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) than to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT).Design and Methods:Thousand hundred and sixteen subjects aged 70 years were investigated in the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study; 23 POPs were analyzed using high‐resolution gas chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging, measuring VAT and SAT, respectively, was performed in a representative subsample of 287 subjects.Results:The less chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (105 and 118), and the pesticides dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and trans‐nonachlordane (TNC) were positively related to both VAT and SAT, whereas the more highly chlorinated PCBs (153, 156, 157, 169, 170, 180, 194, 206, and 209) were inversely related to both VAT and SAT. PCB189 was related to the VAT/SAT ratio in an inverted U‐shaped manner (P = 0.0008).Conclusions:In conclusion, the results were in accordance with our previous studies using waist circumference and fat mass as obesity measure. However, the novel finding that PCB189 was related to the VAT/SAT ratio deserves further investigation since exposure to this PCB congener, which has previously been linked to diabetes development, might thereby play a role in the distribution of abdominal adipose tissue.
Weight loss can lead to resolution of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms: A prospective intervention trial
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Lee Jaehoon , Gupta Neil , Gaddam Srinivas , Smith Bryan K. , Wani Sachin B. , Sullivan Debra K. , Rastogi Amit , Bansal Ajay , Donnelly Joseph E. , Sharma Prateek 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjective:Weight gain is an important risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); however, whether weight loss can lead to resolution of GERD symptoms is not clear. Our aim was to measure the impact of weight loss on GERD symptoms.Design and Methods:In a prospective cohort study at a tertiary referral center, overweight/obese subjects (BMI 25‐39.9 kg/m2) were enrolled in a structured weight loss program. Weight loss strategies included dietary modifications, increased physical activity and behavioral changes. At baseline and at 6 months, BMI and waist circumference were measured and all participants completed a validated reflux disease questionnaire.Results: A total of 332 adult subjects, mean age 46 years and 66% women were prospectively enrolled. At baseline, the mean body weight, BMI, and waist circumference were 101 (±18) kg, 35 (±5) kg/m2 and 103 (±13) cm. At 6 months, majority of the subjects (97%) lost weight (average weight loss: 13 ± 7.7 kg) and as compared with baseline, there was a significant decrease in the overall prevalence of GERD (15 vs. 37%; P < 0.01) and the mean GERD symptom score (1.8 vs. 5.5; P < 0.01). Overall, 81% of the subjects had reduction in GERD symptom scores; 65% had complete resolution and 15% had partial resolution of reflux symptoms. There was a significant correlation between % body weight loss and reduction in GERD symptom scores (r = 0.17, P < 0.05).Conclusions: In conclusion, the overall prevalence of GERD symptoms is high (37%) in overweight and obese subjects. A structured weight loss program can lead to complete resolution of GERD symptoms in the majority of these subjects.
Effect of oligomeric‐modified montmorillonite on morphology and properties of polycarbonate/montmorillonite nanocomposites
Authors: Huang Xiaoling , Su Haiquan , Wang Xiaoli , Zhang Bingbing , Li Jinmei 
Published: March 2013

AbstractLow‐molecular‐weight copolymers of styrene and vinylbenzyl ammonium salts (oligomeric surfactant) were used to modify montmorillonite (MMT). The oligomeric‐modified MMT showed good thermal stability, which made it suitable to be used for preparing polycarbonate(PC)/MMT nanocomposites at high temperature. A different series of PC/MMT nanocomposites had been prepared by melt processing using a twin screw extruder. The effect of oligomeric surfactant structure and clay loading on the morphology, mechanical property, thermal stability, and color appearance of the nanocomposites were explored. The results of X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses indicated that the PC/MMT nanocomposites had partially exfoliated structures. The PC/MMT nanocomposites were found to retain light colored, which was important for optical application. Compared to neat PC, the nanocomposites showed better properties of thermal stability and heat insulation. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites are significantly enhanced by incorporating clay into the PC matrix. The tensile strength of nanocomposites with 2 wt% clay content was up to 55 MPa, which was much higher than that of the neat PC (37 MPa). The maximum tensile modulus value was 19% higher than that of neat PC. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
Preparation and delayed release of poly(lactide‐ co‐glycolide)/ketoconazole composite fiber mats
Authors: Zhang Y.H. , Zhao D.M. , Sang Z. , Sun L.J. , Wang Q.W. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this study, slow release materials–poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) ultrafine fiber mats containing different ketoconazole (KCZ) contents were prepared and their release behaviors were investigated in vitro. PLGA/KCZ ultrafine fiber mats were prepared via electrospinning and characterized by means of scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal gravimetric analysis. The slow release properties of PLGA/KCZ fiber mats in vitro were studied by measuring the concentrations of KCZ dissolved in the phosphate buffered solution (pH = 4.5) at a programmed time. Results indicated that KCZ could be dispersed in PLGA very well in a wide range of KCZ content from 10 to 100% with respect to PLGA. Most KCZ in PLGA fibers were physically dispersed. The thermal decomposition temperature of PLGA was lowered due to the incorporation of KCZ. With increased drug concentration, the release amount would increase in unit time. The two‐stage releases would be sustained to achieve the effective utilization of KCZ. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
>1200 V GaN‐on‐silicon Schottky diode
Authors: Boles T. , Varmazis C. , Carlson D. , Palacios T. , Turner G. W. , Molnar R. J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractM/A‐COM Technology Solutions has continuing joint development efforts sponsored by the Department of Energy with MIT main campus and MIT Lincoln Laboratory to develop GaN on silicon two and three terminal high voltage/high current switching devices. The initial developmental goals were for a Schottky diode that has a reverse breakdown blocking voltage of >600 V and is capable of handling 10 A of forward current. A comparison of the M/A‐COM Technology Solutions lateral GaN Schottky diode on‐resistance as a function of reverse breakdown voltage for a number of both lateral and vertical GaN Schottky diode geometries taken from the literature is presented. The substrates employed for all of these data points are either sapphire, SiC, silicon, and even one study which utilized single crystal GaN. Also included in this plot are theoretical limits for the basic materials typically used in GaN Schottky diode construction. It can be seen that the reverse breakdown results of approximately 1500 V for M/A‐COM Technology Solutions lateral anode connected field GaN Schottky diodes on silicon substrates compare extremely favorably with the reported performance of the state‐of‐the‐art devices, regardless of substrate material or design geometry. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Estimation of effective mass and subbands in multi‐quantum wells using polarized light irradiation
Authors: Tanaka K. , Happo N. , Fujiwara M. , Kotera N. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNonparabolic nature of optical interband transitions of multi‐quantum wells structure is important for related device designs. The optical interband transitions of In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As MQWs including 20‐nm‐wide well clearly appeared on photocurrent spectra with polarized light source. The nonparabolic nature of conduction subbands was decided from experimental interband transitions. The electron effective mass smoothly increased from 0.041 m0 to 0.07 m0 in the conduction quantum well. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A VISUAL FRAMEWORK FOR DISPLAYING, COMMUNICATING AND COORDINATING A RIVER RESTORATION MONITORING PROJECT
Authors: Podolak C. J. P. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTA visual framework to display complex river restoration monitoring plans is proposed. The framework provides for four dimensions of information—spatial coverage, and the frequency, density and type of measurement to be evaluated—in a concise and transparent fashion. It is not only useful as a display and communication tool but also facilitates identification of overlaps, gaps and inefficiencies. The visual framework is particularly useful for coordinating multiple monitoring efforts and for communicating or negotiating modifications. An example application of the framework is presented using the multi‐year monitoring effort surrounding the removal of the Marmot Dam from the Sandy River, OR. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Guaranteed Conditional Performance of Control Charts via Bootstrap Methods
Authors: Gandy Axel , Kvaløy Jan Terje 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTo use control charts in practice, the in‐control state usually has to be estimated. This estimation has a detrimental effect on the performance of control charts, which is often measured by the false alarm probability or the average run length. We suggest an adjustment of the monitoring schemes to overcome these problems. It guarantees, with a certain probability, a conditional performance given the estimated in‐control state. The suggested method is based on bootstrapping the data used to estimate the in‐control state. The method applies to different types of control charts, and also works with charts based on regression models. If a non‐parametric bootstrap is used, the method is robust to model errors. We show large sample properties of the adjustment. The usefulness of our approach is demonstrated through simulation studies.
Combining Multivariate Bioassays: Accurate Inference Using Small Sample Asymptotics
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Mathew Thomas , Bebu Ionut 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTFor several independent multivariate bioassays performed at different laboratories or locations, the problem of testing the homogeneity of the relative potencies is addressed, assuming the usual slope‐ratio or parallel line assay model. When the homogeneity hypothesis holds, interval estimation of the common relative potency is also addressed. These problems have been investigated in the literature using likelihood‐based methods, under the assumption of a common covariance matrix across the different studies. This assumption is relaxed in this investigation. Numerical results show that the usual likelihood‐based procedures are inaccurate for both of the above problems, in terms of providing inflated type I error probabilities for the homogeneity test, and providing coverage probabilities below the nominal level for the interval estimation of the common relative potency, unless the sample sizes are large, as expected. Correction based on small sample asymptotics is investigated in this article, and this provides significantly more accurate results in the small sample scenario. The results are also illustrated with examples.
Der Viadukt von Lully. Eine Neuheit im Verbundbrückenbau
Authors: Dauner H.‐G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAuf der Autobahn A1 der Schweiz wurde der ca. 1000 m lange Viadukt von Lully nach einem Ingenieurwettbewerb als Verbundbrücke auf der Basis eines Raumfachwerkes aus Stahlrohren gebaut. Es handelt sich um eine "Neuheit", die von der Jury mit originell und innovativ beurteilt wurde. Bisher wagte man sich im Straßenbrückenbau wegen der dynamischen Beanspruchungen nicht an die Lösung mit geschweißten Rohrknoten heran. Es werden Entwurf und Bau der Brücke beschrieben und mitgeteilt, wie mit dem Problem der nicht zugänglichen Schweißnahtwurzel in den Rohrknoten umgegangen wurde.
Entwurf, Ausschreibung und Vergabe der neuen Elbebrücke Tangermünde
Authors: Svensson H. , Eilzer W. , Müller B. , Jung R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIm Zuge der Neutrassierung der Bundesstraße B 188 als Ortsumgehung Tangermünde wird eine neue Elbebrücke erforderlich. Sie ersetzt eine in den Jahren 1931 bis 1933 gebaute Brücke, deren Hauptöffnung im zweiten Weltkrieg gesprengt worden war und die in der Nachkriegszeit mit einer Pionierbrücke wieder aufgebaut wurde. Die Gesamtlänge der neuen Elbebrücke Tangermünde beträgt 1435 m, sie wird nach Ihrer Fertigstellung die längste Straßenbrücke in Sachsen‐Anhalt. Die Hauptöffnung über die Elbe wird mit einer Stabbogenbrücke überbrückt, die eine Spannweite von 185 m aufweist. Neben einem geschichtlichen Rückblick werden Planungsüberlegungen, Entwurf und Ausschreibung bis hin zur Vergabe beschrieben.
Zum Versagen der Stützenriegel der Higashi‐Kobe‐Brücke in Japan
Authors: Pasternak H. , Schilling S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAls Folge des Southern‐Hyogo‐Erdbebens kam es zum Versagen der schlanken Stege einiger Riegel der Rahmenstützen der Higashi‐Kobe‐Brücke. Im Gegensatz zum bekannten Versagensmodus von Kastenträgern mit schlanken Stegen stellten sich in diesem Fall zwei zueinander senkrechte Zugfelder ein. Die vernachlässigbar geringen Verformungen der Gurte erlauben eine einfache Sanierung der Riegel. Dieser Beitrag befaßt dich mit der numerischen Simulation des Versagensmechanismus der Riegel. Für die geometrisch und physikalisch nichtlineare Berechnung werden Finite Elemente (ABAQUS) verwendet. Die Untersuchung beinhaltet einige Variationen der Blechdicke, der Stahlfestigkeit oder/und der Längsaussteifung der Stege.
Bessere Ausnutzbarkeit von typisierten Verbindungen (IV)
Authors: Hotz R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMit den Schrauben‐ und Lochwiderständen nach DIN 18800 Teil 1 vom November 1990 können geschraubte Verbindungen im Stahlbau höher ausgenutzt werden als bisher. Die zusätzlich vorhandenen plastischen Tragreserven können darüber hinaus so beträchtlich sein, daß es durchaus lohnend sein kann, auch diese heranzuziehen. Für die typisierten IW‐Verbindungen sollen im folgenden die Möglichkeiten der Ausnutzung plastischer Tragreserven näher untersucht werden. Die dabei erzielten Ergebnisse sind in Stichproben durch Belastungsversuche überprüft und bestätigt worden.
Neubau der Leichtathletik‐Mehrzweckhalle im Sportforum Chemnitz
Authors: Kluge W. , Stiller A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDie Leichtathletik‐Mehrzweckhalle als Stahlkonstruktion mit den eingeschossigen massiven Anbauten hat eine max. Länge von ca. 139 m und eine Breite von 60 m. Die max. lichte Hallenhöhe beträgt von O. K. Fußboden bis U. K. Fachwerkrahmenriegel in der Firstlinie 9,20 m. Im nachfolgendem Beitrag wird über Entwurf, Konstruktion, Statik, Stabilität, Fertigung, Montage und Hüllkonstruktionen dieser Halle berichtet.
Optimierung von Stahlgittermasten mit Evolutionsstrategien
Authors: Cai J. , Thierauf G. , de Wendt G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDie Optimierung von Stahlgitter‐Freileitungsmasten und Richtfunktürmen wird von zwei Gruppen von Variablen bestimmt: Die erste Gruppe enthält die stetigen geometrischen Variablen, welche den globalen Entwurf der Stahlgittertürme bestimmen. Die zweite Gruppe von Variablen sind die diskteten Werte der Querschnittsgrößen der Stabelemente, die im allgemeinen für den Bau von Stahlgittertürmen verwendet werden. Die optimale Bemessung auf der Basis der derzeit gültigen Normen führt zu einer gemischt‐diskreten Optimierungsaufgabe, die mit Hilfe einer verbesserten Evolutionsstrategie gelöst werden kann. Eine gründliche Analyse des mechanischen Modells und des Evolutionsverfahrens führt zu einer "natürlichen" Parallelisierung, die neue Perspektiven für die Lösung großer Bemessungsaufgaben eröffnet.
Glasfassaden als energetische Hüllfläche
Authors: Stoll J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractFür den Einsatz von Glas als funktionale Gebäudehülle mit gezielter‐ Minimierung der Wärmeverluste‐ Nutzung des Tageslichtangebots‐ Nutzung solarer Wärmegewinne‐ Minimierung sommerlicher Kühllastensteht heute eine Vielfalt an Möglichkeiten zur Verfügung. Die für den Heizwärmeverbrauch relevanten äquivalenten Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten der heutigen Verglasungen sind ohne weiteres mit gut gedämmten massiven Wänden vergleichbar und werden sich in naher Zukunft noch weiter verbessern. Neutrale Sonnenschutzverglasungen zur gezielten Tageslichtnutzung bei gleichzeitiger Minimierung sommerlicher Kühllasten erreichen inzwischen Selektivitäten an der Grenze des physikalisch Machbaren. Weitergehende Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung des sommerlichen Wärmeschutzes bestehen durch integrierte Sonnenschutzsysteme, Lichtlenksysteme, optisch aktive Gläser und durch Kombination mit photovoltaischen Elementen. Glas kann je nach Projektrandbedingungen auch in energetisch sinnvoller Weise zur gezielten Schaffung von Pufferzonen (Außentemperatur, Sonne, Wind, Außenlärm) eingesetzt werden, z. B. in Form von Glashallen, doppelschaligen Fassaden und Schallschutzfassaden. Die in zunehmendem Maße konkurrierenden Ziele des winter‐ und sommerlichen Wärmeschutzes, optimaler Tageslichtverhältnisse sowie weiterer Anforderungen bei erhöhtem Windangriff oder Außenlärm erfordern aber jeweils genaue energetische und bauklimatische Analysen.
Mechanische Grundlagen der Bemessung tragender Bauteile aus Glas
Authors: Güsgen J. , Sedlacek G. , Blank K. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDie Bemessung von Glasscheiben, die als Fensterscheiben in der Gebäudehülle eingesetzt werden, ist bisher mit dem Zahlenwert einer zulässigen Spannung verknüpft. Dieses Bemessungsverfahren der zulässigen Spannungen wird dem Werkstoff Glas nicht gerecht. Da die Festigkeit von Glas von verschiedenen Einflüssen abhängig ist und somit keine "absolute" Glasfestigkeit definiert werden kann, ist eine Bemessung tragender Bauteile aus Glas nach der Versagenswahrscheinlichkeit durchzuführen. Der Übersicht wegen wird in diesem Beitrag die Anwendung dieses semiprobabilistischen Bemessungskonzeptes auf die vierseitig gelagerte, rechteckige Glasplatte unter gleichförmiger Flächenlast beschränkt.
Die Eingangshalle der neuen Landeszentralbank in München
Authors: Sobek W. , Duder M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDas Tragwerk der Eingangshalle der neuen Landeszentralbank in München besteht aus sichelförmigen Hauptträgern mit einer Spannweite von ca. 31 m. Diese im Abstand von 3,10 m parallel gestellten Hauptträger werden durch Längsprofile miteinander verbunden. Somit entsteht eine tonnenförmige, durch einzelne, sichelförmige Hauptträger versteifte Gitterschale. Zwei Windverbände in den Randbereichen stabilisieren das Tragwerk. Die Gesamtlänge der Schale beträgt ca. 38 m. Die Verglasung wird direkt auf die Stahlkonstruktion montiert. Hierdurch und durch die sehr knapp gehaltenen Profilabmessungen der Stahlkonstruktion entsteht die optische Leichtigkeit des Tragwerks. Die sichelförmigen Hauptträger stellen eine Besonderheit dar: Prinzipiell wirken sie wie Fachwerkträger, die üblicherweise erforderliche seitliche Stabilisierung der freiliegenden Untergurte konnte jedoch durch Einbringen einer Zugvorspannung in den Untergurt umgangen werden. Der damit stets druckbeanspruchte Obergurt wird durch seine Einbindung in die Gitterschale gegen seitliches Ausweichen stabilisiert.