bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-unital channel can sometimes enhance faithfulness of two-qubit entanglement
Authors: Liu Longjiang , Li Lingchao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

States whose entanglement can be detected by a fidelity-based entanglement witness are faithful. In this paper, we introduce a new necessary and sufficient condition for identifying faithful states. This condition is based on trace norm. With the help of this condition, we investigate the effect of local channels on faithfulness of two-qubit entangled states. The result shows that all the unital channels cannot enhance the faithfulness of entangled states. Some non-unital channels can improve the faithfulness of a restricted set of entangled states, and even can change an unfaithful entangled state to a faithful one. However, the faithfulness of all the states with maximally mixed marginals only can decrease when they are subjected to local channels.
Novel dual inhibitor targeting CDC25 and HDAC for treating triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Sethy Bidyadhar , Upadhyay Richa , Narwanti Iin , Yu Zih-Yao , Lee Sung-Bau , Liou Jing-Ping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses a significant challenge for treatment due to its aggressive nature and the lack of effective therapies. This study developed dual inhibitors against cell division cycle 25 (CDC25) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) for TNBC treatment. CDC25 phosphatases are crucial for activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), the master regulators of cell cycle progression. HDACs regulate various biological processes by deacetylating histone and non-histone proteins, affecting gene expression, chromatin structure, cell differentiation, and proliferation. Dysregulations of HDACs and CDC25s are associated with several human malignancies. We generated a group of dual inhibitors for CDC25 and HDAC by combining the molecular structures of CDC25 (quinoline-5,8-dione) and HDAC (hydroxamic acid or benzamide) pharmacophores. The newly developed compounds were evaluated against solid-tumor, leukemia, and non-malignant breast epithelial cells. Among the synthesized compounds, 18A emerged as a potent inhibitor, demonstrating significant cytotoxicity against TNBC cells, superior to its effects on other cancer types while sparing non-malignant cells.18A possessed similar HDAC inhibitory activity as Entinostat and potently suppressed the CDC25 activity in cells. Additionally, 18A hindered the progression of S and G2/M phases, caused DNA damage, and induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that 18A holds promise as a targeted therapy for TNBC and warrants further preclinical development.
Hepatoprotective effect of L-carnitine is achieved via activating Nrf2 and targeting TLR4 signaling pathways in Thioacetamide –induced liver fibrosis in rats
Authors: Shalaby Mostafa Abbas , Ramadan Amer , El-Rahman Sahar S. Abd , Fayed Hany M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Liver fibrosis is a critical health problem that can results in serious illness and death. L-carnitine (LC) is a naturally occurring compound which transports fatty acids through the inner mitochondrial membrane for consequent beta-oxidation. It acts as an antioxidant to lessen cellular oxidative stress. .This study was carried out to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of LC in the modulation of Nrf2 signaling and TLR4 pathways in rats with liver fibrosis caused Thioacetamide (TAA).
Methods: Twenty-four adult male Wister rats were assigned into four groups as follows: Group 1 served as a normal control group. Rats in group 2 were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with TAA to twice a week at a dose of 200 mg/kg B.wt for 6 weeks to produce liver fibrosis. Two weeks following TAA injections, 50 and 100 mg/kg of LC were administered to the rats in groups 3 and 4, concurrently with TAA injections until end of the experiment.
Results: Injection of LC decreased the levels of the liver enzymes (ALT and AST) in rats with liver fibrosis induced by TAA. Malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) levels all significantly decreased in LC treated groups. LC administration increased albumin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and glutathione (GSH) levels. Additionally, expression of PI3K was increased and expression of TLR4 was decreased in the LC treated groups according to PCR data. The biochemical findings were supported by histopathological findings. Regarding immunohistopathological examination, the LC treated groups reduced in hepatic expression of caspase-3 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA).
Conclusion that LC reduces, in a dose dependent manner, liver fibrosis in rats induced by Thioacetamide via modifying Nrf2 and TLR4 pathways.
Investigating factors influencing rabies protective practices among dog owners in the endemic southern zone of sarawak, malaysia: establishing baseline data for future outbreak management
Authors: Bihos Peter Ronald , Jiee Sam Froze , Lim Siong Hee , Ngui Romano 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Since 2017, the state of Sarawak in Malaysia has been in a relentless battle to contain the rabies outbreak, with 79 recorded cases of human rabies and 72 fatalities. This study, therefore, is not just an investigation but a call to action to understand the factors influencing rabies protective practices among dog owners in the southern zone of Sarawak, Malaysia.
Methodology
This comprehensive study, conducted in the southern zone of Sarawak from January to August 2024, involved 295 dog owners aged 18 and above residing in urban and rural areas with diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and ethnic groups. Researchers used a range of statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and binary logistic regression to analyse data and identify predictors influencing rabies protective practices, with a significance level of p<0.05 for all analyses. The thoroughness of the study ensures the reliability of the findings.
Results
. Among the 295 respondents, the average age was 40.5 ± 13.5 years. The majority of respondents, 76 (25.8%), were aged 30–39 years. Of the participants, 164 (55.6%) were female, 109 (36.9%) were of Iban ethnicity, 130 (44.1%) had tertiary education, and 169 (57.3%) resided in rural areas. Regarding rabies awareness, 149 (50.5%) strongly agreed that dogs can spread rabies, while 115 (30.0%) agreed that the symptoms of rabies in dogs are easily recognisable. Additionally, 147 (40.8%) strongly supported the idea that vaccinating all stray dogs is the most effective way to control the spread of rabies. Good rabies protective practices were significantly associated with the level of knowledge (p < 0.001) and attitude level (p < 0.002). Specifically, those with good knowledge and a positive attitude were likelier to exhibit good rabies protective practices.
Conclusion
Strong knowledge, positive attitudes, and effective practices related to rabies prevention among dog owners in Southern Sarawak provide an opportunity for local government and non-governmental organisations to improve rabies control through community education, regular vaccination campaigns, and professional training. These efforts can help put an end to the rabies outbreak in Sarawak.
Pregnancy and obstetric outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer with embryos generated from SARS-CoV-2 Infection during controlled ovarian stimulation: A retrospective study
Authors: Yin Huayan , Zhou Yuqi , Wu Longmei , Shen Qunshan , Song Bing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Investigations of the long-term effects of the COVID-19 are ongoing. This investigation aimed to explore the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) on the pregnancy and obstetric outcomes in frozen-thawed embryo transfers (FETs) cycles. This area has not been thoroughly examined in previous research.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study including 126 couples with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection during COS, undergoing FET cycles with embryos generated from the infection before July 31 of 2023. Controls were women with non-infected during the COS and matched by age, number, and day of embryo transfer in the same time. Demographic and cycle characteristics and pregnancy and obstetric were examined for this retrospective cohort analysis.
Results
The study included 300 infertile couples, with 126 having an infection during the COS and the remaining 174 not infected. The clinical pregnancy rates were 58.8% and 58.6% respectively (P = 0.958). Other pregnancy features, such as biochemical pregnancy, early miscarriage rate, ongoing pregnancy, cumulative clinical pregnancy were also comparable between the two groups. There also were no significant differences of obstetric outcomes were found between the groups in terms of cesarean section rate, gestational age and premature delivery rate between the two groups.
Conclusions
In FET cycles of patients with embryos generated from SARS-CoV-2 infection, no significant difference of pregnancy and obstetric outcomes were observed. FET can be safely continued in patients with past COVID-19 during COS. However, more research is needed to figure out COVID-19's long-term impact on the physical and psychological development of newborns.
Dynamic Changes in Human Brain Connectivity Following Ultrasound Neuromodulation
Authors: Atkinson-Clement Cyril , Alkhawashki Mohammad , Gatica Marilyn , Ross James , Kaiser Marcus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Non-invasive neuromodulation represents a major opportunity for brain and mental health interventions. Based on its ability to target deep-brain structures, transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation is the most promising approach, destined to change clinical practice. However, some challenges prevent the community from fully understanding its outcomes and therefore moving to the next research step. Here we addressed one of them and unravelled the temporal dynamics of the ultrasound neuromodulation effects in humans. Our findings reveal that the effects of ultrasound neuromodulation are predominantly time-constrained and spatially distributed in brain regions functionally connected with the directly stimulated area. Furthermore, these biological effects are indicative of behavioural changes that persist for at least an hour following stimulation. Our study provides a detailed understanding of how ultrasound stimulation alters brain function over time. This is a first step towards the future prediction of the dynamic effects of ultrasound neuromodulation in terms of brain activity and behaviour, including both immediate (recorded during the stimulation) and long-term consequences (hours or days after the stimulation) of ultrasound neuromodulation.
Protein profile and tissue responses at newly restored implants compared to contralateral teeth over 12-months
Authors: Apatzidou Danae A. , Violesti Anastasia , Konstantinidis Antonis , Bao Kai , Silbereisen Angelika , Bostanci Nagihan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To determine peri-implant tissue and crevicular fluid alterations in newly restored implants during their first year of function and associate them with those of contralateral teeth.
Materials and Methods
In ten periodontally healthy non-smokers, one newly restored implant (baseline-T0) and one corresponding tooth were followed for 12-months (T1). Oral hygiene was closely monitored during the study. Periodontal clinical indices and crevicular fluid were collected from an implant-site (PICF) and a tooth-site (GCF). Total proteomic profiles of PICF and GCF were investigated using label-free quantitative proteomics.
Results
Clinical recordings remained stable at 12-months on the tooth-/implant-site basis. The comparative analysis of protein enrichment between teeth and implants at T0 revealed 664 human proteins, with 93 found only in teeth and 217 exclusively in implants. Among the 354 overlapping proteins, 46 were upregulated (log2FC > 1) in teeth, while 61 in implants. At T1, 569 human proteins were exclusively identified, with 67 found only in teeth and 193 exclusively in implants. Of the 309 overlapping proteins, 22 were upregulated in teeth, while 48 were in implants. The over-representation enrichment analysis identified "interferon-alpha response" and "allograft rejection" pathways, as significantly regulated categories at T0, with the latter being over-represented at T1.
Conclusions
Maturation of the peri-implant tissues was evident during the study. Proteins expressed in crevicular fluid reflected unique patterns between implants and teeth that are worth studying.
Clinical Relevance:
Different proteomic patterns were observed at the implant-site compared to the contralateral tooth-site towards inflammatory processes that prevail within otherwise clinically healthy peri-implant tissues.
Clinical trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06379022
Co-morbidity of Cervical Cancer and Its associated factors among HIV-Positive Women on Antiretroviral Therapy in Awi zone, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Gashinet Kelemework , Mohammed Asiya , Gashinet Addisu , Shitu Daniel , Bantie Berihun , Wudie Gebiyaw 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Women living with HIV face an increased burden of AIDS-defining malignancies, particularly invasive cervical cancer. The risk of developing cervical cancer (CC) is six times higher in women with HIV compared to their counterparts. However, evidences on the co-morbidity of cervical cancer CC and its associated factors in this high-risk group were scarce in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the prevalence and factors associated with the co-morbidity of CC in women living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2023, among 583 adult women living with HIV/AIDS in Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data collection methods were carried out to address the objectives of the study. The data were entered into Epi data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26 software for analysis. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Level of statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05.
Results
The comorbidity of cervical cancer among women living with HIV was 24.9% (95% CI: 21.3–28.1). Factors that increased the risk of co-morbidity include a baseline CD4 cell+<200 cell/mm3 (AOR = 3.82, 95% CI: 2.44–5.39), a history of sexually transmitted infections other than HIV (AOR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.97–5.70), oral contraceptive use (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.40–3.40), the number of sexual partners (AOR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.79–4.55), and poor/fair adherence to ART drugs (AOR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.87–7.43, AOR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.39–5.64).
Conclusion and recommendation
In this study, the comorbidity of CC among women living with HIV was found to be high relative to the previous studies in Ethiopia. History of sexually transmitted infection other than HIV, baseline CD4+ cell < 200 cell/mm3, poor and fair adherence, history of long-term oral contraceptive use, and having two and above sexual partners were factors associated with co-morbidity of cervical cancer. Hence, targeted cervical cancer screening by giving due emphasis to those high-risk women, and addressing identifying factors helps to reduce this malignancy.
Understanding Early-Stage Merger Investigations: What Drives the Antitrust Agencies?*
Authors: Mayo John W. , Press Robert , Whitener Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Academic and popular scrutiny of merger challenges and their subsequent outcomes have captured increasing attention in recent years. Yet, while the FTC and DOJ (Agencies) are tasked with investigating an average of 1,633 (2001-2021) mergers annually, the Agencies’ early-stage merger investigations filter out the vast majority of mergers, leaving them unchallenged. In this paper, we provide what we believe to be the first quantitative analysis of the earliest stage in the merger enforcement process: the determination to formally assign a merger for early-stage scrutiny by one of the Agencies. Consistent with established Agency guidelines and economic theory, we find that industries with higher levels of horizontal mergers and industry concentration have higher rates of early-stage scrutiny, while industries with more competitors and new entrants are less likely to face such scrutiny. Furthermore, we find that industries which have been challenged in the recent past are more likely to face early-stage investigations. We also find that other factors not explicitly related to industry competition impact the Agencies’ early-stage scrutiny, including Agencies' funding per merger. We find no indication that the political party in power impacts the likelihood that mergers receive early-stage scrutiny.
Bayesian modeling of HFC production pipeline suggests growth in unreported CFC by-product and feedstock production
Authors: Bourguet Stephen , Lickley Megan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Observationally-derived emissions of regulated ozone depleting substances (ODSs) must be scrutinized to maintain the progress made by the Montreal Protocol in protecting the stratospheric ozone layer. Recent observations of three chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), CFC-113, CFC-114, and CFC-115, suggest that emissions of these compounds have been higher than expected given global reporting. These emissions have been associated with hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) production, which can require CFCs as feedstocks or generate CFCs as by-products, yet emissions from these pathways have not been rigorously quantified. Here, we develop a Bayesian framework to jointly infer emissions of CFC-113, CFC-114, CFC-115, and hydrochlorofluorocarbon HCFC-133a during HFC-134a and HFC-125 production. We estimate that feedstock usage in HFC-134a production accounted for 86% (75--92%) and 62% (46--74%) of CFC-113 and CFC-114 emissions, respectively, from 2015--2019, while by-product generation during HFC-125 production accounted for 81% (68--92%) of CFC-115 emissions. Our results suggest that unreported feedstock production in Article 5 countries may explain the unexpected atmospheric growth rates of CFC-113 and CFC-114, although uncertainties within the chemical manufacturing processes call for further investigation and industry transparency. Nonetheless, this work demonstrates the environmental benefits of tightened ODS feedstock regulations and underscores the importance of the HFC production phasedowns scheduled by the Kigali Amendment.
‘Parks Are Dead Spaces, Urban Gardens Are Alive’: Experts' Dialectic on Urban Agriculture and Health from Greater Lomé
Authors: Konou Akuto Akpedze , Zinsou-Klassou Kossiwa , de Roulet Pablo Txomin Harpo , Mbianda Armel Firmin Kemajou , Chenal Jérôme 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Urban agriculture (UA) is a long-standing practice in African cities, characterized by several distinctive features. In particular, the amount of land devoted to UA in these cities exceeds that used in Western countries, presenting unique challenges. This article aims to integrate the perspectives on the health of expert architects, urban planners, geographers, economists, sociologists, and experts called upon to relate to the contemporary land tenure system in African cities. These points of view are contrasted with ideas drawn from surveys of urban farmers in Greater Lomé and official urban planning documents. Methodologically, 11 experts were selected in Greater Lomé, Togo, and interviewed virtually via the Zoom platform, and their audio files were anonymized, transcribed, and manually coded. Standard tools such as Word, Excel, Firefox PDF reader, and an advanced Python tool were used for analysis to bring richness and accuracy to the analyses. Thus, according to the experts, the impacts of UA practices on health and the environment in Greater Lomé are mixed. Their discourses on health about UA are also constructed more ad hoc about other elements weighing the risks/benefits or the ‘interstitial’ aspect of UA and the legal/informal, temporary/permanent dialectic. The study reveals that experts' socio-demographic and professional factors could influence their perception of UA. Adopting an inclusive approach to decision-making is critical, considering the different stakeholders involved. The study recommends developing joint planning guides in collaboration with experts from various fields in the cities concerned to recognize local knowledge and integrate the perspectives of urban farmers into UA policies.
Saneamiento Regenerativo
Authors: Koottatep Thammarat , Cookey Peter Emmanuel , Polprasert Chongrak 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Este libro propone el Saneamiento Regenerativo como la próxima etapa en la gestión del saneamiento y busca sentar las bases para el estudio de esta área, partiendo de la premisa de que el saneamiento es un sistema complejo y dinámico compuesto por sistemas socioecológicos, tecnológicos y de recursos. La idea es que el saneamiento generará máximos beneficios para la sociedad solo cuando se logre una integración cíclica de estos tres subsistemas, permitiendo la creación de conexiones adecuadas entre el “diseño tecnológico” y la “plataforma de implementación”, con el objetivo de alcanzar soluciones sanitarias óptimas y sostenibles. Además, propone reconsiderar el concepto de saneamiento para cambiar la narrativa hacia trayectorias más progresistas, como la recuperación y reutilización de recursos, en lugar de simplemente buscar mejoras. Asimismo, analiza las contribuciones al ámbito de la seguridad alimentaria, el apoyo a los medios de subsistencia, la regeneración urbana, el desarrollo rural e incluso las economías locales.
Se presenta un nuevo paradigma, una nueva teoría y diez principios para garantizar soluciones y gestión sanitaria prácticas y efectivas. Además, se incluye un marco conceptual único aplicable tanto a países desarrollados como en desarrollo, y a todas las etapas, procesos y ciclos de entrega de soluciones sanitarias que puedan evaluar críticamente, analizar y proporcionar soluciones sanitarias confiables, adecuadas y apropiadas. Todo esto culmina en una plataforma de implementación estratégica y práctica llamada “Saneamiento 4.0”, que promueve una total revitalización y una revisión integral, con ocho consideraciones estratégicas clave para su implementación.
Saneamiento Regenerativo: Un Nuevo Paradigma para el Saneamiento 4.0 es inter y transdisciplinario, fomenta la colaboración entre ingenieros, científicos, tecnólogos, científicos sociales y otros, para ofrecer soluciones efectivas y prácticas centradas en el usuario. Incluye estudios de casos relevantes, ejemplos, ejercicios y recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones. Está redactado tanto como un libro de texto para investigadores y estudiantes, así como una guía para profesionales y formuladores de políticas.
ISBN: 9781789064308 (eBook)
ISBN: 9781789064315 (ePub)
The English edition of this book is on our website here: https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book/741/Regenerative-Sanitation-A-New-Paradigm-For