bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling shareholders and sustainable corporate governance: The role of dual-class shares
Authors: Pacces Alessio M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Low-carbon innovation is necessary to overcome the delay of governments in implementing the Paris agreement. However, large institutional investors only engage in climate risk management. They cannot commit to low-carbon innovation because that is fundamentally uncertain, short-term unprofitable, and their index-tracking strategy is incompatible with screening firm-specific breakthroughs. To pursue sustainable corporate governance, institutional investors should rather tie their hands with controlling shareholders. Controlling shareholders can contribute their entrepreneurial vision to low-carbon innovation while institutional investors allow them to scale this vision.
This article argues that institutional investors catering to the preferences of climate-conscious beneficiaries should finance controlling shareholders through conditional dual-class shares. Dual-class shares allow relaxing the financial conditions for control. To fulfil their mandate from climate-conscious beneficiaries, institutional investors can outcompete short-term profit-seeking investors by offering controlling shareholders a higher wedge between voting rights and economic interest and the possibility to cash in higher idiosyncratic private benefits of control, if successful, conditional on engaging in low-carbon innovation.
Having at stake welfare-increasing private benefits of control, as well as all or most of their wealth, controlling shareholders are incentivized to discover low-carbon breakthroughs or to acknowledge failure to do so. Corporate law should facilitate contracting between controlling shareholders and institutional investors to support this incentive. Target-contingent transfer sunsets should allow cashing in control premiums only if the low-carbon innovation succeeds. Divestment sunsets and other contractual safeguards should prevent controlling shareholders from increasing agency cost, without undermining equity capital raising. Dual-class recapitalizations should be allowed with a majority-of-minority vote.
Can Nanocrystals Help Create Our Dream Cosmetics?
Authors: Zubaidah Ummi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cosmetics have evolved beyond mere skin beautifying agents. Cosmetics are now combined with active ingredients to support skin health. This evolution underpins the emergence of dream cosmetics, where innovation is continuously pursued. Indeed, nanotechnology has responded in force to the notion of dream cosmetics. Nanocrystals are expected to overcome the barriers posed by issues, such as poor solubility of bioactive agents and skin penetration. Moreover, nanocrystals exhibit multiple features, making dream cosmetics achievable. However, the clinical translation of nanocrystals is hampered by concern of negative host responses associated with long-term use. Accordingly, screening by integrated omics is needed because because multiple omics offer comprehensive nanotoxicity evaluation by identifying new molecular pathways and toxicity markers.
Low-invasive somatic oncogenes and lymph node metastasis in pediatric papillary thyroid cancer: implications for prophylactic central neck dissection
Authors: Baran Julia A , Bojarsky Mya , Halada Stephen , Ricarte-Filho Julio C , Isaza Amber , Franco Aime T , Surrey Lea F , Bhatti Tricia , Baloch Zubair , Adzick N Scott , Mostoufi-Moab Sogol , Kazahaya Ken , Bauer Andrew J 
Published: July 2024

Objective
The American Thyroid Association (ATA) Pediatric Guidelines recommend selective, prophylactic central neck dissection (pCND) for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) based on tumor focality, tumor size, and the surgeon’s experience. With the expansion of pre-surgical somatic oncogene testing and continued controversy over the benefits of pCND, oncogenic alteration data may provide an opportunity to stratify pCND. This study compared lymph node (LN) involvement in pediatric patients with PTC between tumors with low- and high-invasive-associated alterations to explore the potential utility of preoperative oncogenic alterations in the stratification of pCND.

Methods
This is retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients who underwent somatic oncogene testing post thyroidectomy for PTC between July 2003 and July 2022.

Results
Of 192 eligible PTC patients with postoperative somatic oncogene data, 19 tumors harbored somatic alterations associated with low-invasive disease (19/192, 10%), and 128 tumors harbored a BRAFV600E alteration (45/192, 23%) or an oncogenic fusion (83/192, 43%). Tumors with low-invasive alterations were less likely to present malignant preoperative cytology (2/18, 11%) than those with high-invasive alterations (97/124, 78%; P < 0.001). Twelve patients with low-invasive alterations had LNs dissected from the central neck (12/19, 63%) compared to 127 patients (127/128, 99%) with high-invasive alterations. LN metastasis was identified in two patients with low-invasive alterations (2/19, 11%) compared to 107 patients with high-invasive alterations (107/128, 84%; P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Pediatric patients with low-invasive somatic oncogenic alterations are at low risk for metastasis to central neck LNs. Our findings suggest that preoperative knowledge of somatic oncogene alterations provides objective data to stratify pediatric patients who may not benefit from pCND.
Stephen Facciola
Authors: Karp David 
Published: July 2024

Readers may remember that we reviewed the first edition of Cornucopia, the comprehensive and up to date catalogue of food plants written and produced by Stephen Facciola, in PPC 39. Ever since then, we have been looking forward to the revised edition which we knew was in gestation. Now we have it, and it's great. In his introduction to the new edition, Alan Davidson wrote: 'Let the new version of his work be acclaimed as the uniquely rich resource and dazzling achievement which it is.'
David Karp, a world authority on fruits and an enthusiastic user of Facciola's book, had an interview with him recently for the Los Angeles Times, where it was first published. He has kindly allowed us to reprint his piece, which has the merit of telling our readers about the author as well as the great book he has created.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt or a combination of nonselective beta blockers and endoscopic variceal ligation for prophylaxis of bleeding in waitlisted cirrhotic patients
Authors: Korobka R. V. , Gautier S. V. , Khoronko Yu. S. , Pasechnikov V. D. , Sapronova N. G. , Porshennikov I. A. , Malevanny M. V. , Pak E. S. , Pasechnikov D. V. 
Published: July 2024

Objective: to substantiate the choice of an optimal method of preventing and reducing the risk of variceal bleeding (VB) and cardia in patients with decompensated cirrhosis who have been enlisted for liver transplantation (LT).Materials and methods. Patients with diuretic-resistant and diuretic-responsive ascites underwent prophylaxis for recurrent bleeding via transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) or a combination of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and nonselective beta-blockers (NSBB).Results. Leukocyte counts, Na levels, and Child–Turcotte–Pugh (CTP) liver disease class in patients with diuretic-resistant ascites had significant differences when comparing individuals who received EVL + NSBB or underwent TIPS. In diuretic-responsive patients, there were significant differences for blood platelet count, albumin and Na levels, and CTP class when comparing EVL + NSBB and TIPS groups. In diuretic-resistant patients, incidence of grade 2 varices in EVL + NSBB group was significantly higher than in TIPS. Incidence of grade 3 varices was significantly higher in TIPS patients than in EVL + NSBB cohort. In diuretic-responsive patients, incidence of grade 2 and 3 varices had no significant differences when comparing these indicators in both groups. The proportion of patients with CTP class B was significantly higher both in diuretic-resistant and diuretic-responsive patients with various methods of rebleeding prophylaxis. The proportions of CTP class C patients with both forms of ascites were significantly higher in EVL + NSBB group than in TIPS. During the LT wait period within 2 years from the start of bleeding prophylaxis in diuretic-resistant patients, 78.4% of patients who underwent TIPS implantation developed recurrent bleeding, 100% of EVL + NSBB group within the same time frame, developed recurrent bleeding. Using the Kaplan–Meier estimate with the Log-Rank test, we were able to establish that there is a significant difference between the proportions of patients with recurrent VB in EVL + NSBB or TIPS groups with both forms of ascites.
Karakterisasi Ekson 4 Gen DRD4 pada Ayam Arab Tiara G15 dengan Tingkah Laku Feather Pecking
Authors: Farajallah Achmad , Wijayanti Pristina Tuti , Alfiyan Achmad , Ulfah Maria 
Published: July 2024

Feather pecking (FP) is a potentially fatal behavioral disorder in chickens. Various factors, including genetics such as DRD4 gene, affected this behavior. The Arab TIARA G15 chicken is a laying hen breed selected based on FP behavior. However, genetic selection linked to this FP as not yet been conducted. This study aimed to characterize the 4th exon of the DRD4 gene in Arab golden red TIARA G15 chickens and confirm its potential as an FP genetic marker. The study used 30 TIARA G15 chickens that were divided into three groups: high feather pecking (HFP) (n = 10), low feather pecking (LFP) (n = 10), and control (n = 10). The DNA extraction kit extracted total genomic DNA from each blood sample. The 4th exon of the DRD4 gene was amplified using primer pairs MU140-141. Amplicons from samples within a group were pooled in a single tube and sequenced using the Sanger method. The sequencing results were analyzed for nucleotide variation using MEGA6 software. Nucleotide sequences obtained from each group were 642 bp, consisting of partial intron 3 (55 bp), full-length exon 4 (202 bp), and partial 3'UTR (385 bp). None of the three groups of Arab golden red TIARA G15 chickens were found to have any nucleotide variants in the partial intron 3, full-length exon 4, and 3'UTR regions of the DRD4 gene. Consequently, selecting the full-length exon 4 of the DRD4 gene for FP behavior was not feasible.

Keywords: arab chicken, DRD4, feather pecking, golden red
Evaluasi Program Pekarangan Pangan Lestari (P2L) untuk Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga di Kota Padang
Authors: Hafizah Dian , Padilah Ismi , Astuti Nuraini Budi 
Published: July 2024

The purposes of research are to describe the implementation of the Sustainable Food Crop Program and evaluate the activities of the Sustainable Food Crop Program in Padang City. This research method used a quantitative descriptive method with a survey research type. The samples taken were 36 people from 9 KWTs. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The results of the research show that the implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) in Padang City has been conducted well in accordance with the Technical Instructions for Implementing the P2L program in 2022. For the second objective, it was evaluated using four variables, namely target accuracy, program socialization, program objectives, and program monitoring. The research results were displayed in the form of scores and it was found that the total percentage score for all variables was 94.79%. The target accuracy variable obtained a score of 37.69 with a score percentage of 94%. The program socialization variable obtained a score of 37.75 with a score percentage of 94%. The program objective variable obtained a score of 36.22 with a score percentage of 91% and the program monitoring variable obtained a score of 16.00 with a percentage of 100%. It can be concluded that the Food Yard Program (P2L) in Padang City has been conducted effectively.

Keywords: budikdamber, effectiveness, food security, sustainable food crop (P2L)
Comparison of the Effectiveness of the Schema Mode Tand Emotional-focused Therapy on Emotional Adjustment in New Married Couples with Conflict
Authors: Letafati Beris Ramin , Ghamari kivi Hossein , Kiani Ahmad Reza , Sheykholeslami Ali 
Published: July 2024

Aim: This study aimed to compare the effect of Schema Mode Therapy (SMT) and Emotional-Focused Therapy (HMT model) on emotional adjustment of new married couples with conflict. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a multi-group pre-test/post-test design with a control and follow-up group. The statistical population of this study included couples with marital conflict who had been married for less than 6 years and had been referred to counseling centers in city of Astara in 2019. Thirty couples were selected through convenience sampling method and assigned randomly into control and experimental groups. The Rubio et al (2007) Emotional Adjustment Measure (EAM) was used as research instruments in this study. Follow-up was performed after 3 months from the end of the interventions, and multivariate analysis of covariance statistical tests with repeated measures and SPSS-24 software were used to analyze the hypotheses. Results: Schema mode therapy and emotional-focused therapy (HMT), separately, reduced components of lack of discipline (P<0.05) and lack of hope (P<0.01). Conclusions: Both methods increases emotional adjustment in general state, and there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of two intervention methods.
EDITORIAL, Vol. 3, Nº 3, Edição Especial, 2013
Authors: Carvalho José Ribamar Marques de 
Published: July 2024

Caríssimos (as), Este é o Volume 3, Nº 3, Edição Especial, da REUNIR – Revista de Administração, Contabilidade e Sustentabilidade da UACC/CCJS/UFCG e conta com sete publicações. O volume faz uma discursão por alguns tópicos de interesse da pesquisa em Administração, Contabilidade e Sustentabilidade. Depois de investigar como as indústrias calçadistas do polo de Campina Grande – PB utilizam o orçamento empresarial no processo de gestão, analisando as contribuições e limitações das práticas orçamentárias no desempenho das empresas estudadas (artigo 1), trata em seguida analisar a qualidade de vida no ambiente de trabalho dos funcionários das empresas que aderem ao projeto EdC, bem como, mais especificamente, àquelas localizadas no Pólo Empresarial Spartaco (artigo 2). A relação entre o impacto do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) per capita sobre a evolução das vendas da sétima geração de consoles de mesa nas principais regiões consumidoras dessa indústria, no período de 2006 a 2011 é abordado no artigo 3. O artigo 4 realiza uma abordagem quantitativa através de um levantamento bibliométrico realizado nos trabalhos aprovados nos Enanpads do triênio 2009-2011, específicos das seções Cultura e Consumo (em 2009 e 2011) e Consumo, Cultura e Grupos Sociais (em 2010), ambos da Divisão Acadêmica Marketing, no que tange à cooperação acadêmico-científica entre seus autores. No artigo 5 são analisadas as práticas ecológicas e de coleta seletiva adotadas pela Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Já o artigo 6, analisa os ganhos informacionais gerados pela obrigatoriedade na elaboração da Demonstração de Fluxo de Caixa para o setor público após a aprovação da NBCASP 16.6. O artigo 7 demonstra os motivos que conduzem as empresas a optarem pela terceirização dos serviços de distribuição logística, segundo a visão de um coordenador de operações logísticas. Já o artigo 8, busca analisar o impacto da racionalidade limitada em um ambiente de decisão com base em informações contábeis na perspectiva de profissionais de contabilidade. Desejamos a todos (as) uma boa leitura! Prof. José Ribamar Marques de Carvalho Editor Científico – REUNIR Universidade Federal de Campina Grande Centro de Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais, Campus Sousa, PB. Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Contábeis
Analysis of Calcaneal Avulsion Fractures Treated Surgically and Nonsurgically
Authors: Takahashi Yu , Takegami Yasuhiko , Tokutake Katsuhiro , Asami Yuta , Takahashi Hidetane , Kato Mihoko , Kanemura Tokumi , Imagama Shiro 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Calcaneal avulsion fractures (CAvFs) at the Achilles tendon insertion are among the more challenging fractures to treat. Although rare, they often require reoperation. The optimal treatment, including nonsurgical procedures and better implants for surgical procedures in the treatment of CAvFs, remains to be established. Therefore, our study aimed to (1) perform a descriptive evaluation of CAvFs, including cases managed nonsurgically, and (2) assess surgical procedures, including the incidence of complications and reoperation for surgically treated CAvFs.

Methods:
In this multicenter retrospective study, we collected data of patients with CAvFs treated at 9 hospitals from 2012 to 2022. We performed a descriptive study of CAvFs and compared postoperative complications and reoperation rates for multiple surgical techniques and implants. The size of the bone fragments was quantified.

Results:
The data of 70 patients with CAvFs were analyzed; 20 patients were treated nonsurgically, and 50 were treated surgically. The mean age of patients was 68.5 years; 67% of the patients were female. Nineteen percent of the patients had diabetes, and 19% had osteoporosis. The incidence of postoperative complications was 30%, with infection in 14%, necrosis in 26%, and loss of reduction in 18%. The reoperation rate was 22%. Surgical techniques with use of cannulated cancellous screws were performed in 80% of the surgical cases. Cannulated cancellous screw (CCS) fixation alone resulted in a reoperation rate of 35%, whereas additional augmentation, including washers with CCS fixation, resulted in a reoperation rate of 10%. CCS fixation was successfully performed, although suture anchors were used in some cases with smaller fragments.

Conclusions:
CAvFs occurred more frequently in older women and had a high rate of postoperative complications. A combination of CCS with augmentation was more effective at reducing postoperative complications than CCS fixation alone, even when the bone fragment size was small.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
High latitude observations of Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Glow in Finland with spectroscopic radiation detectors
Authors: Leppänen Ari-Pekka Johannes , Peräjärvi Kari , Paatero Jussi , Hannula Antti , Hepoaho Arttu , Holm Philip , Ilander Tarja , Joutsenvaara Jari , Kärkkäinen Jouni 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Terrestrial Gamma Glow (TGG) was detected for the first time in high latitudes outside the latitudinal band of ± 38° where Terrestrial Gamma Flashes (TGF) are typically observed. This study reports the observations of a TGG events that occurred in Southern Finland at the municipality of Vantaa (60° 18’ N 24° 58’ E at 55 m a.m.s.l) on May 17th, 2020 between 10:15 and 10:30 UTC. Three independently measuring units of NaI(Tl) γ spectrometers were used when a thundercloud emitting the γ radiation passed over or near the location of the detectors. The events occurred when a storm front moved across the Helsinki region in Finland in a roughly northeast direction. Two separate the γ radiation enhancements were observed. The first event lasted 52 s. and produced an increase in γ radiation of about 7 -12 %, after a break of about 85 -100 s., a second event occurred lasting about 100 s increasing the γ radiation by 20-50 % during the 10-second collection time. The exact locations of the thunderclouds emitting the γ radiation were not known and it is possible that the first event occurred farther away from the detectors and was hence seen as a weaker enhancement. The horizontal size was estimated by using the average wind speed and the duration of the second enhancement. The size estimate was around 400-500 m with maximum upper limit of 1000 m. In the second enhancement most visible increase in the γ radiation was in the 100 keV - ~800 keV energy range where a uniform increase was observed. In addition, a clear enhancement in the high energy γ rays, with energies from 3000 keV up to the maximum of the detector system of 8900 keV, was also observed. The presence of high energy γ rays is a clear signals of a TGG event. The shape of the background subtracted γ spectrum has a power law shape and agreed well with that of a predicted photon spectrum produced by a Runaway Relativistic Electron Avalanche.
In Vivo Detection of Lymph Nodes Metastasis of ESCC Using CXCR4-Targeted Tracer [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-CP01
Authors: Peng Tukang , Li Zhijun , Gao Jiebing , Yang Min , Qiu Yifan , Xian Jianzhong , Bi Lei , Ye Peizhen , Liu Yongshan , Jin Hongjun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) frequently exhibits skip metastasis to lymph nodes. While current efforts have primarily focused on diagnosing the primary tumor, there is a deficiency of noninvasive imaging techniques capable of directly detecting metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) in ESCC. Building on our previous demonstration of the specificity of [64Cu]NOTA-CP01 in targeting CXCR4 in ESCC, our aim in this study was to detect MLN in ESCC.
Procedures
The intralymphatic tumor metastasis model was established by injecting EC109/Luc cells into the left paw pads of mice, and monitored using bioluminescence imaging. Radiolabeling of [64Cu]NOTA-CP01 and PET/CT imaging were performed, as in previous studies conducted by our group. Further quantitative analysis was performed. To verify metastatic tumor cells, lymph nodes were collected and stained with H&E. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression levels of CXCR4 in metastatic lymph nodes.
Results
PET/CT imaging clearly demonstrated the uptake of radioactive signals in the left inguinal lymph nodes following injection of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-CP01, compared to the blocked group. Further quantitative analysis revealed that the SUV of the left inguinal lymph nodes (SUV = 1.55 ± 0.50, n = 5) was significantly higher than that in the blocked group (SUV = 0.50 ± 0.05, n = 3) (p < 0.05). Histological examination using H&E staining confirmed the presence of metastatic tumor cells in the left inguinal lymph nodes, and immunohistochemistry staining confirmed positive expression of CXCR4 in the left inguinal lymph nodes.
Conclusions
This study investigated a noninvasive approach to detect MLN in a preclinical model using the PET tracer [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-CP01. Both in vitro and in vivo biological experiments suggested that CXCR4 could serve as a promising target for visualizing MLN in ESCC. Improving our comprehension of lymphatic metastasis is crucial for devising personalized treatment strategies for ESCC.