bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laughter in times of uncertainty: Negotiating gender and social distance in Bahraini women’s humorous talk
Authors: Reichenbach Anke 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper explores three interrelated aspects of young Bahraini women’s laughter: the subjects and genres of their humor, the social relationships between the women involved with a particular focus on homo-social friendships, and their humor’s potential as an instrument of resistance or social control. After discussing local ideals of femininity, the paper analyzes three distinct genres of humorous conversation: self-mockery, mutual teasing, and joking about absent third parties. The data show that the ambiguity of humour allowed for great freedom regarding women’s play with gendered identities and the expression of critical views on Bahrain’s gender hierarchy. Simultaneously, different kinds of humor were employed to negotiate closeness or distance in social relations. Among women friends, humor was often drastic, intimate, aggressive, and revelled in the taboo subjects of Bahraini society. Through humor, women questioned existing gender ideals and played with alternative identities. Their laughter, however, also served to maintain conventional ideas about “proper” women and confirmed existing social hierarchies. Thus, Bahraini women’s humor captured the contradictions and ambiguities of their fragmented and hybrid social environment replete with the uncertainties accompanying rapid social change.
Behaviour and Stability of the Two-Fluid Model for Fine-Scale Simulations of Bubbly Flow in Nuclear Reactors
Authors: Ström Henrik , Sasic Srdjan , Jareteg Klas , Demazière Christophe 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In the present work, we formulate a simplistic two-fluid model for bubbly steam-water flow existing between fuel pins in nuclear fuel assemblies. Numerical simulations are performed in periodic 2D domains of varying sizes. The appearance of a non-uniform volume fraction field in the form of meso-scales is investigated and shown to be varying with the bubble loading and the domain size, as well as with the numerical algorithm employed. These findings highlight the difficulties involved in interpreting the occurrence of instabilities in two-fluid simulations of gas-liquid flows, where physical and unphysical instabilities are prone to be confounded. The results obtained in this work therefore contribute to a rigorous foundation in on-going efforts to derive a consistent meso-scale formulation of the traditional two-fluid model for multiphase flows in nuclear reactors.
Report on short course in educational methodology for university teachers in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) disciplines – a pilot study conducted at Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, India
Authors: Munir Ahmed R. , Prem Kumar D. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background: There is a growing awareness among teachers in the complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) disciplines that a formal training in educational methodology can improve their performance as teachers and student evaluators. The Training of Trainers programs conducted by Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, in the previous years have brought about a transformation among the teachers who attended those programs. Also the teachers were witness to a changing perception among students towards teachers who adapt innovative teaching/assessment strategies. This report illustrates an innovative training activity that was adapted to design a reference model that can be developed as an operational model for large-scale execution.

Methods: Teachers who are under the affiliated CAM Institutions in Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, participated in a three-month ‘Short Course in Educational Methodology’. This program was delivered on distance learning mode. The course was organised into four modules. Study material was provided for each of the module in the form of a study guide and related reference articles in electronic form. There were three contact programs – Induction and Introduction that also addressed overview of entire course and the subject matter of Module 1, and this was at the beginning of the course, first contact program to address the learner needs of Modules 2 and 3 and second contact program for the contents in Module 4. The participants were engaged during the entire course duration with interactive contact programs, self-study and application of concepts in their teaching/assessment practices, submission of assignments online, and microteaching presentation and peer review.

Results: The documentation and raw data generated during the course of training were used to generate an operational model for training of university teachers of health sciences faculty in general and teachers of CAM disciplines in particular.

Conclusions: Establishing a model of training for university teachers who are engaged in health sciences education provides a strong platform to realise the roles of teacher, evolve as a conscientious and committed teacher and infuse their learners with passion and commitment to become competent in their professional performance.
Border Security: Defining it is the Real Challenge
Authors: Manjarrez Victor M. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The idea of border security is a notion that the US has pursued in earnest since September 11, 2001 and continues to be a focus for many Americans. This topic is assuredly going to rise once again as we near our 2016 national elections and the complex, often emotional issue, will take center stage as a heavily discoursed issue. Although there have been significant gains in how we enforce our international borders, there is wide disagreement on the success we have had with our border security efforts. Performance measures for border security are not always clear but there is a mosaic listing of outputs that suggest that border enforcement efforts have been successful. Unfortunately, we have failed to clearly delineate what successful border security efforts look like and before the nation, once again, makes a significant investment in resources we should start with the notion of defining successful border security.
Lexically conditioned phonetic variation in motherese: age-of-acquisition and other word-specific factors in infant- and adult-directed speech
Authors: Zellou Georgia , Scarborough Rebecca 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWords produced to infants exhibit phonetic modifications relative to speech to adult interlocutors, such as longer, more canonical segments and prosodic enhancement. Meanwhile, within speech directed towards adults, phonetic variation is conditioned by word properties: lower word frequency and higher phonological neighborhood density (ND) correlate with increased hyperarticulation and degree of coarticulation. Both of these types of findings have interpretations that recruit listener-directed motivations, suggesting that talkers modify their speech in an effort to enhance the perceptibility of the speech signal. In that vein, the present study examines lexically-conditioned variation in infant-directed speech. Specifically, we predict that the adult-reported age at which a word was learned – lexical age-of-acquisition (AoA) – conditions phonetic variation in infant-directed speech. This prediction is indeed borne out in spontaneous infant-directed speech: later-acquired words are produced with more hyperarticulated vowels and a greater degree of nasal coarticulation. Meanwhile, ND predicts phonetic variation in data from spontaneous adult-directed speech, while AoA does not independently influence production. The patterns of findings in the current study support the stance that evaluation of the need for clarity is tuned to the listener. Lexical difficulty is evaluated by AoA in infant-directed speech, while ND is most relevant in adult-directed speech.
Models of dataset size, question design, and cross-language speech perception for speech crowdsourcing applications
Authors: Hasegawa-Johnson Mark , Cole Jennifer , Jyothi Preethi , Varshney Lav R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTranscribers make mistakes. Workers recruited in a crowdsourcing marketplace, because of their varying levels of commitment and education, make more mistakes than workers in a controlled laboratory setting. Methods for compensating transcriber mistakes are desirable because, with such methods available, crowdsourcing has the potential to significantly increase the scale of experiments in laboratory phonology. This paper provides a brief tutorial on statistical learning theory, introducing the relationship between dataset size and estimation error, then presents a theoretical description and preliminary results for two new methods that control labeler error in laboratory phonology experiments. First, we discuss the method of crowdsourcing over error-correcting codes. In the error-correcting-code method, each difficult labeling task is first factored, by the experimenter, into the product of several easy labeling tasks (typically binary). Factoring increases the total number of tasks, nevertheless it results in faster completion and higher accuracy, because workers unable to perform the difficult task may be able to meaningfully contribute to the solution of each easy task. Second, we discuss the use of explicit mathematical models of the errors made by a worker in the crowd. In particular, we introduce the method of mismatched crowdsourcing, in which workers transcribe a language they do not understand, and an explicit mathematical model of second-language phoneme perception is used to learn and then compensate their transcription errors. Though introduced as technologies that increase the scale of phonology experiments, both methods have implications beyond increased scale. The method of easy questions permits us to probe the perception, by untrained listeners, of complicated phonological models; examples are provided from the prosody of English and Hindi. The method of mismatched crowdsourcing permits us to probe, in more detail than ever before, the perception of phonetic categories by listeners with a different phonological system.
Pointed and plateau-shaped pitch accents in North Frisian
Authors: Niebuhr Oliver , Hoekstra Jarich 
Published: October 2015

AbstractOur study presents the initial results of an analysis of North Frisian intonation, based on a spontaneous interview corpus of Fering, the dialect of the island of Föhr off the west coast of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. The corpus was recorded more than 50 years ago during fieldwork for language documentation and conservation purposes. We selected a small part of this corpus – interviews of 10 elderly speakers – and conducted multiparametric
Frequency effects on the vowel length contrast merger in Seoul Korean
Authors: Kang Yoonjung , Yoon Tae-Jin , Han Sungwoo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper presents an apparent-time study of the vowel length contrast merger in Seoul Korean based on duration measurements of over 370,000 vowels in word-initial syllables in a read-speech corpus. The effects of word frequency on vowel duration and the lexical diffusion of long-vowel shortening are also examined. The findings confirm the observation made in the previous literature that the vowel length contrast is on its way out in the language, and that this sound change is nearing completion. We also find a significant effect of frequency on long-vowel duration: other things being equal, these vowels are shorter in high-frequency words than in low-frequency words. The rate of change does not differ significantly depending on the frequency of words apart from the high-frequency words reaching the endpoint of change and bottoming out in the change earlier than mid- and low-frequency words. The observed frequency effect is compatible with a model in which the frequency effect on duration comes from on-line factors that affect phonetic implementation of speech sounds, along with an across-the-board lenition bias that drives the sound change, not from stored tokens of word-specific variants.
New Developments in the History of East Uighur Manichaeism
Authors: Moriyasu Takao 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMost of the materials on the history of Manichaeism during the time of the East Uighur empire are Chinese sources (Chinese works and the Karabalgasun inscription) which are well known on account of its French translation with detailed notes by Chavannes and Pelliot (1911-1913). Thereafter several new materials in Middle Iranian or in Old Uighur have been published as follows: T II D 135, a colophon in Middle Persian; M 1, a colophon of the Mahrnāmag (Hymn-Book); U 1 (= T II K Bündel Nr. D 173), a fragment of an Uighur historical book about Old Turkic peoples; U 72 and U 73, an Uighur Account of Mouyu Qaγan’s Conversion to Manichaeism; U 168 II (= T II D 173 a2), the colophon of a prayer appended to a Uighur Manichaean scripture in 795. Also just recently Peter Zieme has discovered new material: 81TB10: 06-3a. I have tried to reconstruct the history of Manichaeism during the time of the East Uighur empire synthesizing all materials mentioned above.
Language about God in Whitehead’s Philosophy
Authors: Oomen Palmyre M.F. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe way Whitehead speaks of God in his ‘philosophy of organism,’ and the evaluation thereof, is the subject of this article. The background of this issue is the position - broadly shared in theology, and here represented by Aquinas - that one should not speak ‘carelessly’ about God. Does Whitehead violate this rule, or does his language for God express God’s otherness and relatedness to the world in a new intriguing way? In order to answer this question an introduction into Whitehead’s philosophy is given, and especially into his category of existence, the ‘actual entity.’ For Whitehead God is an actual entity, and so is the most trivial puff of existence. His perception of the similarity and greater dissimilarity between God and the worldly actual entities (and clusters thereof) is analyzed. In the main and final section of this article these insights are used as a tool to decrypt Whitehead’s God-language. Here the status of Whitehead’s and Aquinas’ statements about God are compared, Whitehead’s ideas concerning the analogical character of concrete language are discussed, and it is argued that in Whitehead’s philosophy too there is no discourse about God without a shift or breakdown of the ‘ordinary’ meaning of language.
Further Textual Evidence Pertaining to the Enigmatic ‛Mani-Citations’ of Severus of Antioch
Authors: Reeves John C. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe 123rd Cathedral Homily of the early sixth-century Monophysite patriarch Severus of Antioch features a series of textual citations drawn from a Manichaean work. Modern scholars have noted certain affinities these citations share with materials contained in prior Christian polemicists such as Titus of Bostra and Theodoret, and they have offered largely speculative suggestions about the possible identity of the written source. The present paper seeks to advance the critical discussion surrounding this source by calling attention to the existence of what appear to be ‘later’ versions of this same source in some Arabic language testimonia about Mani and Manichaeism.
Production, quality control, biodistribution assessment and preliminary dose
evaluation of 166Ho-alendronate as a bone marrow ablative agent
Authors: Fakhari Ashraf , Jalilian Amir Reza , Yousefnia Hassan , Zolghadri Samaneh , Samani Ali Bahrami , Akbari Mahmoud Reza , Deha Fariba Johari , Shafiee-Ardestani Mahdi , Khalaj Ali 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In this study, production, quality control and biodistribution studies of 166Ho-alendronate have been presented and
followed by dosimetric evaluation for human based on biodistribution data in wild-type rats. 166Ho chloride was obtained by
thermal neutron irradiation of natural 165Ho(NO3)3 samples. 166Ho-alendronate complex was prepared by
adding the desired amount of alkaline alendronate solution (0.2 mL, 150 mg/mL) to 3–5 mCi of the
166HoCl3 solution. Radiochemical purity of the complex was monitored by instant thin layer chromatography
(ITLC). 166Ho-alendronate complex was prepared in high radiochemical purity (> 99%, ITLC) and specific activity
of 4.4 GBq/mmol. Stability studies of the complex in the final preparation and in the presence of human serum were performed
up to 48 h. The major accumulation of the radio-complex was in the bone tissues followed by absorbed dose evaluation of each
human organ by RADAR software used for modelling the radiation dose delivered. The final preparation was administered to wild-type rats
and biodistribution of the complex was performed 2–48 h post injection showing major accumulation of the complex in the
bone tissue. The highest absorbed dose for 166Ho-alendronate is observed in bone surface and red marrow with 2.670 and
1.880 mSv/MBq; respectively. These findings suggest that 166Ho-alendronate has considerable characteristics
compared to 166Ho-DOTMP and can be a possible candidate for bone marrow ablation in patients with multiple
myeloma.
A model selection criterion for model-based clustering of annotated gene expression data
Authors: Gallopin Mélina , Celeux Gilles , Jaffrézic Florence , Rau Andrea 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn co-expression analyses of gene expression data, it is often of interest to interpret clusters of co-expressed genes with respect to a set of external information, such as a potentially incomplete list of functional properties for which a subset of genes may be annotated. Based on the framework of finite mixture models, we propose a model selection criterion that takes into account such external gene annotations, providing an efficient tool for selecting a relevant number of clusters and clustering model. This criterion, called the integrated completed annotated likelihood (ICAL), is defined by adding an entropy term to a penalized likelihood to measure the concordance between a clustering partition and the external annotation information. The ICAL leads to the choice of a model that is more easily interpretable with respect to the known functional gene annotations. We illustrate the interest of this model selection criterion in conjunction with Gaussian mixture models on simulated gene expression data and on real RNA-seq data.
The Zadokites in the Wilderness: The Rebellion of Korach (Num 16) and the Zadokite Redaction
Authors: Jeon Jaeyoung 
Published: October 2015

Num 16 is a composite rebellion narrative that consists of three different strands: a non-P story of Dathan and Abiram and two stories with priestly flavor – one concerning the 250 chieftains of Israel and one involving Korah with the Levites. A redaction-critical analysis suggests that the first two stories had existed separately and were combined by a redactor responsible for the addition of the passage about Korah and the Levites. The layers of the 250 chieftains and Korah represent, respectively, two phases of the Zadokites‹ struggle for their priestly prerogatives in the Jerusalem temple against the elders of the community and the powerful Levites in the Persian period. Along with those layers, Zadokite compositional and redactional passages are found throughout Exodus-Leviticus-Numbers and focus mainly on the Zadokites‹ own socio-religious interests. These passages are located in post-Priestly strata, constituting the latest layers in the Pentateuch.Num 16 besteht als zusammengesetzte Erzählung zum Aufstand der Söhne Korachs aus drei Strängen: eine nichtpriesterliche Geschichte von Dathan und Abiram und zwei Erzählungen mit priesterlichem Flair zu 250 Anführern Israels und zu Korach und den Leviten. Eine redaktionskritische Analyse zeigt, dass die ersten beiden Erzählungen getrennt voneinander existierten und durch den Redaktor zusammengefügt wurden, der dabei die Abschnitte zu Korach ergänzte. Die Stränge zu den 250 Anführern und zu Korach repräsentieren zwei Phasen des Kampfes der Zadokiden um die priesterliche Vorherrschaft in Jerusalem. Spuren dieser Auseinandersetzung finden sich auch in Ex-Num und gehören zu den späten nachpriesterlichen Schichten des Pentateuchs.Nb 16 est un récit de rébellion composite, qui comporte trois volets : l’histoire non-P de Datân et Abiram et deux histoires à coloration sacerdotale – celle des 250 chefs d’Israël et celle de Coré et des lévites. La critique rédactionnelle de ce chapitre suggère que les deux premières histoires ont existé séparément et ont été combinées par un rédacteur responsable de l’addition du passage sur Coré et les lévites. La couche du récit des 250 chefs et celle de l’épisode de Coré représentent respectivement deux phases du combat des Sadocides pour leurs prérogatives sacerdotales dans le Temple de Jérusalem pendant la période perse contre les anciens de la communauté et les puissants Lévites. En lien avec ces couches, on trouve dans l’ensemble Exode-Lévitique-Nombres des passages qui sont des compositions et des rédactions sadocides principalement centrées sur les intérêts socio-religieux propres à ce groupe. Ces passages se trouvent dans des strates post-sacerdotales, qui comptent parmi les couches les plus récentes du Pentateuque.
The Book of the Torah in Joshua 1 and 23 and in the Deuteronomistic History
Authors: Krause Joachim J. 
Published: October 2015

In its Deuteronomistic edition, Deuteronomy refers to itself as »the book of the Torah«, written by Moses himself. In Jos 1 and 23, this book is introduced as an element of the subsequent ›history of Israel‹ narrative. Despite other differences, current hypotheses of the formation of the Deuteronomistic History (DH) almost unanimously agree that these as well as other references to the book of the Torah in Deut – II Reg must be regarded as secondary additions. Contrary to thisDas dtr edierte Deuteronomium bezeichnet sich selbst als »das Torabuch«. Niedergeschrieben von Mose, wird dieses Buch in Jos 1 und 23 als Element der anschließenden ›Geschichte Israels‹ eingeführt. Diese und weitere Erwähnungen des Torabuchs in Deut – II Reg gelten gegenwärtigen Hypothesen zur Entstehung des dtr Geschichtswerks (DtrG) unabhängig von allen sonstigen Unterschieden nahezu einmütig als sekundäre Ergänzungen. Entgegen dieserDans son édition deutéronomiste, le Deutéronome se présente comme »le livre de la Torah« écrit par Moïse lui-même. En Jos 1 et 23, ce même livre est introduit comme un élément du récit de »l’histoire d’Israël« qui suit. Les différentes hypothèses actuelles sur la formation de l’histoire deutéronomiste (HD) sont presque unanimes pour considérer ces références – ainsi que d’autres renvois – au livre de la Torah dans Deut –II Reg comme des ajouts secondaires. Contrairement à cette
»Retterbuch« und Richterbuch
Authors: Pfeiffer Henrik 
Published: October 2015

In a critical reflection upon the article of S. Golani (»Three Oppressors and Four Saviors – The Three-Four Pattern and the List of Saviors in I Sam 12,9–11«, ZAW 127/2 [2015]) this study discusses problems in the hypothesis of a pre-Dtr ›Judges Composition‹ as an earlier stage of the book of Judges.Der Beitrag diskutiert in kritischer Reflexion des Aufsatzes von S. Golani »Three Oppressors and Four Saviors – The Three-Four Pattern and the List of Saviors in I Sam 12,9–11« (ZAW 127, Heft 2-2015) Probleme der Hypothese einer vor-dtr. Richterkomposition als Vorstufe des Richterbuches.L’article traite des problèmes liés à la postulation d’une étape préliminaire du livre des Juges sous forme d’une composition pré-dtr, à partir d’une discussion critique de l’article de S. Golani »Three Oppressors and Four Saviors – The Three-Four Pattern and the List of Saviors in I Sam 12,9–11« (ZAW 127, 2-2015).