bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of experimentally induced sedentariness on mood and
psychobiological responses to mental stress
Authors: Endrighi Romano , Steptoe Andrew , Hamer Mark 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundEvidence suggests a link between sedentary behaviours and depressive
symptoms. Mechanisms underlying this relationship are not understood, but
inflammatory processes may be involved. Autonomic and inflammatory
responses to stress may be heightened in sedentary individuals
contributing to risk, but no study has experimentally investigated
this.AimsTo examine the effect of sedentary time on mood and stress responses
using an experimental design.MethodForty-three individuals were assigned to a free-living sedentary
condition and to a control condition (usual activity) in a cross-over,
randomised fashion and were tested in a psychophysiology laboratory after
spending 2 weeks in each condition. Participants completed mood
questionnaires (General Health Questionnaire and Profile of Mood States)
and wore a motion sensor for 4 weeks.ResultsSedentary time increased by an average of 32 min/day (P
= 0.01) during the experimental condition compared with control. Being
sedentary resulted in increases in negative mood independent of changes
in moderate to vigorous physical activity (δGHQ= 6.23, δPOMS= 2.80). Mood
disturbances were associated with greater stress-induced inflammatory
interleukin-6 (IL-6) responses (β = 0.37).ConclusionsTwo weeks of exposure to greater free-living sedentary time resulted in
mood disturbances independent of reduction in physical activity.
Stress-induced IL-6 responses were associated with changes in mood.
Wage policy of medium and large Portuguese firms
Authors: Suleman Fátima , Lagoa Sérgio Chilra , Suleman Abdul , Pereira Marta Luís 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The research on wage policies has been triggered by the interest in identifying whether labour market or institutional forces shape wage settings inside firms. This article draws on linked employer-employee data and uses a fuzzy c-means clustering analysis to identify the typical wage policies of medium and large firms in Portugal. Empirical evidence suggests firms are segmented into four clusters that can be labelled according to wage rules as regulated, asymmetric, hierarchical and discretionary. The first two clusters comprise low wage firms, and are highly responsive to market conditions. The firms belonging to the latter clusters take advantage of discretionary power to differentiate the workforce. Our findings therefore illustrate different dimensions of wage flexibility. Furthermore, we found that employment flexibility and wage adjustments can co-exist, and this affects female, young and blue-collar workers in particular.
Wage policy patterns at the firm level: An analysis of medium and large Italian firms
Authors: Sgobbi Francesca 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article provides an empirical analysis of wage policy at the firm level. Based on cluster analysis applied to a sample of medium and large Italian firms and their employees, this article classifies the wage policy patterns adopted, provides preliminary evidence on the dynamics of wage policy at the firm level and outlines the drivers underpinning the identified patterns. The results of the empirical analyses show that identified wage policy patterns present a mix of hybrid characteristics rather than alignment with the ideal types of the internal and the external labour markets hypothesized in the literature. The wage policy models adopted by sampled firms display significant dynamic patterns between 1989 and 2004: 28.9 per cent of the firms sampled in both years switch to a different wage policy, with an overall increase of firms providing leading pay rates.
Innovation, creativity and reward practices in academic spin-offs: The case of the IST Spin-off Community
Authors: Sousa Cristina , Luís Conceição 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article aims to study the role of reward practices in fostering the creativity process and the innovation performance of academic spin-offs. We start from the extant literature on the promotion of creativity and innovation in companies, stressing the role of rewards and other human resources management (HRM) practices. Then we conduct empirical research using purposely collected data on eighteen spin-off companies, whose parent organization is Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), a Portuguese engineering school. The results indicate that reward practices are mainly associated with the individual components of creativity (skills and processes) and that its positive effect on innovation is usually moderated by other practices of HRM, namely selection, teamwork, training and performance appraisal.
Cleavages, values and the vote in Portugal, 2005–09
Authors: Freire André 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Electoral studies remain relatively underdeveloped in Portugal, but there is some consensus about the reduced impact of values on the vote. However, the previous studies used very limited sets of indicators. Because they included an extensive battery of ‘position issues’, the recent Portuguese National Election Studies, 2005–09, allow us to further the debate. Moreover, perhaps because it is embedded in the cleavage structures, research about the impact of values on the vote is scarce beyond Portugal. Thus, the present article allows us to integrate the Portuguese case into the western debate about the impact of values on the vote: the impact that is embedded in cleavage structures, and the impact that is independent of citizens’ social location. It is shown that by using the appropriate indicators for the position issues, we find a significant impact of values on the vote: citizens who favour income equality, more state intervention and who are more libertarian in their lifestyles are also more likely to vote for the left; while the opposite trend is true for right-wing voters. Additionally, we show that only part of the values’ impact on the vote is embedded in the cleavage structure; like in other more advanced polities, a significant part is not, thus showing that ‘value voting’ is also present and important in the Portuguese case.
Policy congruence in Europe: Testing three causal models at the individual, party and party system levels
Authors: Belchior Ana Maria 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Over the last decades, a number of empirical studies have approached representation essentially on the basis of descriptive analyses of political or ideological deputy-voter congruence. Only a few studies have attempted to explain why parties are more or less correspondent to their electorates and none has adopted a comprehensive theoretical approach to that explanation. Trying to respond to this lacuna, this article begins by assessing the levels of policy preferences among Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) and their voters using a set of eight policy issues (characterizing the left-right and libertarian-authoritarian dimensions), and then explores what may explain policy congruence by testing models working at the individual, party and party system levels. Three regression models are run corresponding to each of these levels. Each model regards the eight policy issues under study. The study looks at the political parties of the 27 countries of the European Union (EU) which ran in the 2009 European Parliament elections. The findings reveal that party congruence is generally moderate (no significant differences seem to emerge between left-right and libertarian-authoritarian issues) and that the individual model (namely voters’ education and intra-party polarization) and party-level model (MEPs’ and voters’ left-right and libertarian-authoritarian attitudes within parties) are those which best explain party policy congruence.
Interfaces for tetraplegic people – review of solutions supporting activities of daily living
Authors: Augustyniak Piotr , Mikrut Zbigniew 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Currently, a disabled person can participate in social life and proceed with independent individual development with the assistance of intelligent support from modern technology. This paper reviews various approaches and recent achievements in designing and prototyping of interfaces for tetraplegic people originating from Biocybernetics Laboratory AGH. After a short review of other available systems, three categories of activities of daily living (ADL)-supporting solutions are presented: input devices, control software, and stand-alone systems. As a result of testing other alternatives such as touchpad, tongue presspad, eye tracker, blow sensor, and direct sensor of brain electrical activity, joysticks were selected as preferable input devices. They are free from hygienic issues, tolerant to involuntary use or excessive force, and easily operable by using the chin or lips. The operational flexibility required for personalization of input devices is achieved with dedicated software defining the rules of interpretation of operators’ motions. To adapt the final signal to the specificity of a supported human, the interpretation process takes into account the identification of gesture, its duration, and coincidence. The paper also presents two stand-alone systems dedicated to supporting the selected ADL. One of them is a smart interface for infrared-based remote control of home appliances, and the second is a joystick-based emulator of a computer mouse. Both devices provide a learning mode that allows for adaptation to the particular environment (i.e. set of devices to be controlled) and specific abilities of their human operator.
Loeys-Dietz syndrome in pregnancy
Authors: Zozzaro-Smith Paula , Bacak Stephen , Seligman Neil 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Loeys-Dietz syndrome results from mutations in genes encoding the transforming growth factor-β receptor. Women with similar syndromes are at risk of obstetrical complications, including vessel and uterine rupture during labor. There are few reports regarding the safety of pregnancy in women with Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and the available literature recommends early cesarean delivery. We report a case of a successful vaginal delivery at 36 weeks of gestation in a primigravid woman. Prenatal imaging revealed no vascular abnormalities and echocardiogram demonstrated normal cardiac anatomy. Her pregnancy and delivery were uneventful, and the baby was also found to have the mutation on postnatal molecular testing. In a low-risk individual, vaginal delivery at term may be considered a reasonable approach in this group of women.
The D543N polymorphism of the SLC11A1/NRAMP1 gene is associated with treatment failure in male patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Salinas-Delgado Yvain , Galaviz-Hernández Carlos , Toral René García , Ávila Rejón Carmen A. , Reyes-Lopez Miguel A. , Martínez Antonio Rojas , Martínez-Aguilar Gerardo , Sosa-Macías Martha 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background: Polymorphisms in SLC11A1/NRAMP1 have shown an important association with susceptibility to tuberculosis and progression to active disease. However, whether there is an association of these polymorphisms with treatment failure is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the association of SLC11A1 polymorphisms with treatment failure in Mexican subjects with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods: Thirty-three subjects with treatment failure were paired by age and body mass index with 33 patients who successfully completed treatment and were considered cured. We assessed the polymorphisms of SLC11A1 in the regions of D543N and INT4 via polymerase chain reaction real-time TaqMan® single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping.

Results: We found that D543N (G/A genotype) was associated with treatment failure in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis [odds ratio (OR) 11.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.66–36.78]. When adjusted by gender, this association remained significant in males (OR 11.09, 95% CI 3.46–35.51).

Conclusions: In our male population, the presence of the D543N polymorphism of SLC11A1 is a risk factor for treatment failure. This finding should be confirmed in other populations.
An exact solution for improved metal-composite joints reinforced by FG inter-layers
Authors: Bahri Abbas , Akhlaghi Mehdi , Salehi Manouchehr 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA two-dimensional analytic solution based on linear elasticity theory is used to investigate the effect of using a functionally graded material (FGM) as an inter-layer in reducing the stress concentration in non-axisymmetric loaded metal-composite joints. The geometry of the joint consists of a metal cylinder surrounded in a composite thick plate and loaded arbitrarily by in-plane radial force profile, the condition of which occurs in double-lap pins, bolt joints, and T-bolt joints. The significant difference between the mechanical properties of the adjacent materials induces a stress concentration in the flexible part of the joint. In this work, an analytic solution based on the Airy stress function is used and derived into the strain compatibility equation in two-dimensional problems. The power law model is used for the FGM property variation, and a transversely isotropic model is considered for the composite plate. A two-dimensional condition is assumed for the structure. The results of several models are compared with the finite-element method and show good conformity between the two methods. In some cases, by using the FGM inter-layer, the stress level in the surrounding plate would be decreased significantly.
The Municipality as Negotiator in Multilevel Governance of Health Care
Authors: Hanssen Gro Sandkjær , Helgesen Marit Kristine , Tennås Holmen Ann Karin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis article focuses on the new role of municipalities–as negotiators in multilevel governance of health services. The 2012 health care coordination reform in Norway involves a partnership between health services at the national and municipal levels. Negotiations in these regional partnerships result in regionally different solutions concerning the provision of health services. What does this new role of municipalities require with regards to political steering and administrative management? From interviews in nine municipalities and two regional health authorities, the authors find that the formal cooperation agreements have affected the interaction between municipalities and regional health authorities, with a shift from professional deliberation to strategic negotiations. The new negotiating role of the municipalities requires political will to clarify the room of maneuver for the negotiating actors and support the negotiating solutions when these are within the defined frames. The negotiations stimulate integration between management and professionals, in order to inform the chief executive officer, who is often the negotiator. The negotiators assume an essential role as bridge-builders between the political and professional world in the municipalities, and the professional world of the hospitals and regional health authorities.
Clinical Research Informatics: Recent Advances and Future Directions
Authors: Dugas M. 
Published: August 2015

Summary
Objectives: To summarize significant developments in Clinical Research Informatics (CRI) over the past two years and discuss future directions.
Methods: Survey of advances, open problems and opportunities in this field based on exploration of current literature.
Results: Recent advances are structured according to three use cases of clinical research: Protocol feasibility, patient identification/recruitment and clinical trial execution.
Discussion: CRI is an evolving, dynamic field of research. Global collaboration, open metadata, content standards with semantics and computable eligibility criteria are key success factors for future developments in CRI.
A Systematic Investigation on Barriers and Critical Success Factors for Clinical Information Systems in Integrated Care Settings
Authors: Schweitzer M. , Hoerbst A. 
Published: August 2015

Summary
Objectives: Clinical Information Systems (CIS) have ever since the introduction of information technology in healthcare played an important role to support healthcare professionals and the process of treatment. With the rise of the concept of integrated care organizational borders, the sole focus on data aggregation or healthcare professionals as users disappear more and more. The manuscript discusses the concept of CISs and investigates critical success factors for CISs in the context of integrated care and in the course of time.
Methods: In order to identify critical success factors and barriers for CISs a systematic literature review was conducted based on the results from PubMed and Cochrane, using MaxQDA. Search results were thereby limited to reviews or meta-analysis.
Results: We have found 1919 references of which 40 met the inclusion criteria. The analysis of the manuscripts resulted in a comprehensive list of success factors and barriers related to CISs in integrated care settings. Most barriers were user-related whereas for the success factors an even distribution of organizational, technical and user-related factors was observed. The vast majority of publications was focused on healthcare professionals. Conclusion: It is important to incorporate experiences made/ collected over time, as the problems encountered seem to remain almost unvaried. In order to support further systematic investigations on the topic it is necessary to rethink existing concepts and definitions to realign them with the ideas of integrated care.
Modelling, Simulation and Social Network Data: What’s New for Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics?
Authors: Toubiana L. , Griffon N ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics
Published: August 2015

Summary
Objectives: Summarize excellent current research in the field of Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics.
Method: Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2015.
Results: Four papers from international peer-reviewed journals have been selected as best papers for the section on Public Health and Epidemiology Informatics.
Conclusions: The selected articles illustrate current research regarding the impact and assessment of health IT and the latest developments in health information exchange.
Health Social Media and Patient-Centered Care: Buzz or Evidence?
Authors: Fernandez-Luque L. , Staccini P. ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Education and Consumer Health Informatics
Published: August 2015

Summary
Objective: To summarize the 2014 state of the art in the areas related to consumer health informatics and social media.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of articles published in 2014 in PubMed with a predefined set of queries. We identified 439 articles relevant for the review. The two section editors independently screened those papers taking into account their relevance to the topics covered by the section. In a second step, they jointly selected the 20 most representative papers as candidate best papers. Candidate best papers were then submitted for full review and scoring by external reviewers. Based on the scoring, section editors together with the IMIA Yearbook editorial board selected the four best papers published in 2014 in consumer health informatics.
Results: Helping patients acquire a healthier lifestyle is a crucial part of patient empowerment. In this line of work, new studies are exploring the efficacy of online health interventions for patient behavioral change. The special case of smoking cessation for consumers with low socio-economic status is particularly noticeable. Another study has explored how an online intervention can reduce the anxiety of women who experience an abnormal mammography. The team of PatientsLikeMe has studied how online support groups could play a role in the quality of life of organ transplant recipients. The patient perspective of online forums’ users is also analyzed in the domain of anticoagulation therapy.
Conclusions: Online health interventions, many of them using social media, have confirmed their potential to impact consumer behavioral change. However, there are still many methodological issues that need to be addressed in order to prove cost-effectiveness.
Computerized Clinical Decision Support: Contributions from 2014
Authors: Koutkias V. , Bouaud J. ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Decision Support
Published: August 2015

Summary
Objective: To summarize recent research and propose a selection of best papers published in 2014 in the field of computerized clinical decision support for the Decision Support section of the IMIA yearbook.Method: A literature review was performed by searching two bibliographic databases for papers related to clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) and computerized provider order entry systems in order to select a list of candidate best papers to be then peer-reviewed by external reviewers. A consensus meeting between the two section editors and the editorial team was finally organized to conclude on the selection of best papers.
Results: Among the 1,254 returned papers published in 2014, the full review process selected four best papers. The first one is an experimental contribution to a better understanding of unintended uses of CDSSs. The second paper describes the effective use of previously collected data to tailor and adapt a CDSS. The third paper presents an innovative application that uses pharmacogenomic information to support personalized medicine. The fourth paper reports on the long-term effect of the routine use of a CDSS for antibiotic therapy.
Conclusions: As health information technologies spread more and more meaningfully, CDSSs are improving to answer users’ needs more accurately. The exploitation of previously collected data and the use of genomic data for decision support has started to materialize. However, more work is still needed to address issues related to the correct usage of such technologies, and to assess their effective impact in the long term.
Adrenal suppression in patients taking inhaled glucocorticoids is highly prevalent and management can be guided by morning cortisol
Authors: Woods Conor P , Argese Nicola , Chapman Matthew , Boot Christopher , Webster Rachel , Dabhi Vijay , Grossman Ashley B , Toogood Andrew A , Arlt Wiebke , Stewart Paul M , Crowley Rachel K , Tomlinson Jeremy W 
Published: August 2015

ContextUp to 3% of US and UK populations are prescribed glucocorticoids (GC). Suppression of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis with the potential risk of adrenal crisis is a recognized complication of therapy. The 250 μg short Synacthen stimulation test (SST) is the most commonly used dynamic assessment to diagnose adrenal insufficiency. There are challenges to the use of the SST in routine clinical practice, including both the staff and time constraints and a significant recent increase in Synacthen cost.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis to determine the prevalence of adrenal suppression due to prescribed GCs and the utility of a morning serum cortisol for rapid assessment of adrenal reserve in the routine clinical setting.ResultsIn total, 2773 patients underwent 3603 SSTs in a large secondary/tertiary centre between 2008 and 2013 and 17.9% (n=496) failed the SST. Of 404 patients taking oral, topical, intranasal or inhaled GC therapy for non-endocrine conditions, 33.2% (n=134) had a subnormal SST response. In patients taking inhaled GCs without additional GC therapy, 20.5% (34/166) failed an SST and suppression of adrenal function increased in a dose-dependent fashion. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in patients currently taking inhaled GCs, a basal cortisol ≥348 nmol/l provided 100% specificity for passing the SST; a cortisol value <34 nmol/l had 100% sensitivity for SST failure. Using these cut-offs, 50% (n=83) of SSTs performed on patients prescribed inhaled GCs were unnecessary.ConclusionAdrenal suppression due to GC treatment, particularly inhaled GCs, is common. A basal serum cortisol concentration has utility in helping determine which patients should undergo dynamic assessment of adrenal function.