bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bursts of Bipolar Microsecond Pulses Inhibit Tumor Growth
Authors: Sano Michael B. , Arena Christopher B. , Bittleman Katelyn R. , DeWitt Matthew R. , Cho Hyung J. , Szot Christopher S. , Saur Dieter , Cissell James M. , Robertson John , Lee Yong W. , Davalos Rafael V. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIrreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging focal therapy which is demonstrating utility in the treatment of unresectable tumors where thermal ablation techniques are contraindicated. IRE uses ultra-short duration, high-intensity monopolar pulsed electric fields to permanently disrupt cell membranes within a well-defined volume. Though preliminary clinical results for IRE are promising, implementing IRE can be challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of tumor tissue and the unintended induction of muscle contractions. High-frequency IRE (H-FIRE), a new treatment modality which replaces the monopolar IRE pulses with a burst of bipolar pulses, has the potential to resolve these clinical challenges. We explored the pulse-duration space between 250 ns and 100 μs and determined the lethal electric field intensity for specific H-FIRE protocols using a 3D tumor mimic. Murine tumors were exposed to 120 bursts, each energized for 100 μs, containing individual pulses 1, 2, or 5 μs in duration. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited and all protocols were able to achieve complete regressions. The H-FIRE protocol substantially reduces muscle contractions and the therapy can be delivered without the need for a neuromuscular blockade. This work shows the potential for H-FIRE to be used as a focal therapy and merits its investigation in larger pre-clinical models.
A simple bridging flocculation assay for rapid, sensitive and stringent detection of gene specific DNA methylation
Authors: Wee Eugene J. H. , Ha Ngo Thu , Trau Matt 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe challenge of bringing DNA methylation biomarkers into clinic is the lack of simple methodologies as most current assays have been developed for research purposes. To address the limitations of current methods, we describe herein a novel methyl-protein domain (MBD) enrichment protocol for simple yet rapid and highly stringent selection of highly methylated DNA from limiting input samples. We then coupled this with a DNA-mediated flocculation assay for rapid and low cost naked-eye binary evaluation of highly methylated genes in cell line and blood DNA. The low resource requirements of our method may enable widespread adoption of DNA methylation-based diagnostics in clinic and may be useful for small-scale research.
Nickel clusters embedded in carbon nanotubes as high performance magnets
Authors: Shiozawa Hidetsugu , Briones-Leon Antonio , Domanov Oleg , Zechner Georg , Sato Yuta , Suenaga Kazu , Saito Takeshi , Eisterer Michael , Weschke Eugen , Lang Wolfgang , Peterlik Herwig , Pichler Thomas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEnsembles of fcc nickel nanowires have been synthesized with defined mean sizes in the interior of single-wall carbon nanotubes. The method allows the intrinsic nature of single-domain magnets to emerge with large coercivity as their size becomes as small as the exchange length of nickel. By means of X-ray magnetic circular dichroism we probe electronic interactions at nickel-carbon interfaces where nickel exhibit no hysteresis and size-dependent spin magnetic moment. A manifestation of the interacting two subsystems on a bulk scale is traced in the nanotube’s magnetoresistance as explained within the framework of weak localization.
Experimental verification and molecular basis of active immunization against fungal pathogens in termites
Authors: Liu Long , Li Ganghua , Sun Pengdong , Lei Chaoliang , Huang Qiuying 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTermites are constantly exposed to many pathogens when they nest and forage in the field, so they employ various immune strategies to defend against pathogenic infections. Here, we demonstrate that the subterranean termite Reticulitermes chinensis employs active immunization to defend against the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae. Our results showed that allogrooming frequency increased significantly between fungus-treated termites and their nestmates. Through active social contact, previously healthy nestmates only received small numbers of conidia from fungus-treated individuals. These nestmates experienced low-level fungal infections, resulting in low mortality and apparently improved antifungal defences. Moreover, infected nestmates promoted the activity of two antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) and upregulated the expression of three immune genes (phenoloxidase, transferrin and termicin). We found 20 differentially expressed proteins associated with active immunization in R. chinensis through iTRAQ proteomics, including 12 stress response proteins, six immune signalling proteins and two immune effector molecules. Subsequently, two significantly upregulated (60S ribosomal protein L23 and isocitrate dehydrogenase) and three significantly downregulated (glutathione S-transferase D1, cuticle protein 19 and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme) candidate immune proteins were validated by MRM assays. These findings suggest that active immunization in termites may be regulated by different immune proteins.
Label-free Quantitative Analysis of Changes in Broiler Liver Proteins under Heat Stress using SWATH-MS Technology
Authors: Tang Xiangfang , Meng Qingshi , Gao Jie , Zhang Sheng , Zhang Hongfu , Zhang Minhong 
Published: October 2015

AbstractHigh temperature is one of the key environmental stressors affecting broiler production efficiency and meat yield. Knowledge of broiler self-regulation mechanisms under heat stress is important for the modern scale of poultry breeding. In the present study, the SWATH strategy was employed to investigate the temporal response of the broiler liver to heat stress. A total of 4,271 proteins were identified and used to generate a reference library for SWATH analysis. During this analysis, 2,377 proteins were quantified, with a coefficient of variation ≤25% among technical and biological replicates. A total of 257 proteins showed differential expression between the control and heat stressed groups. Consistent results for 26 and 5 differential proteins were validated respectively by MRM and western blotting quantitative analyses. Bioinformatics analysis suggests that the up- and down-regulation of these proteins appear involved in the following three categories of cellular pathways and metabolisms: 1) inhibit the ERK signaling pathway; 2) affect broiler liver lipid and amino acid metabolism; 3) induce liver cell immune responses to adapt to the high temperatures and reduce mortality. The study reported here provides an insight into broiler self-regulation mechanisms and shed light on the improved broiler adaptability to high-temperature environments.
Polyrotaxane and Slide-Ring Materials
Authors: Mayumi Koichi , Ito Kohzo , Kato Kazuaki 
Published: October 2015

Polyrotaxane is a necklace-like supramolecule in which many cyclic molecules are threaded into a single polymer chain and can be cross-linked to produce functional polymeric materials. The resulting materials have movable cross-linking giving unique properties different from other polymer networks with fixed covalent bonds gaining much attention for new films, elastomers and coatings.
Polyrotaxane and Slide-Ring Materials is the first book to cover the fundamentals and applications of these molecules and materials. After a general introduction, the first part of the book covers the thermodynamics of inclusion complex formation and sliding transition in polyrotaxane, followed by different synthesis techniques of polyrotaxane and slide-ring materials. The book then addresses different scattering methods for structural analysis followed by chapters on the electric and optical properties of polyrotaxane as well as the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of slide-ring materials. The final part of the book contains different chapters on their applications including gels elastomers and resins.
Authored by the inventor of slide-ring materials, it will appeal to students, researchers, and engineers in supramolecular chemistry, polymer chemistry and polymer physics.
A radical theology for the future: five theses
Authors: Robbins Jeffrey W , Crockett Clayton 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article sketches out five theses of radical theology to contribute to a vision of the future of theology. Radical theology emerged out of the Death-of-God theology of the 1960s, as well as some forms of liberation theology. These theologies challenge the orthodoxy of most traditional forms of theological and religious reflection. Here the authors, who are part of the conversation of radical theology in the United States and elsewhere, sketch out five theses: that radical theology should be postsecular, postliberal, a version of political or liberation theology, an onto-theology and an eco-theology. Each of these terms, however, needs to be qualified with a difference that distinguishes them from more common understandings of these terms. Finally, we argue that radical theology should be materialist in a non-reductionist way that reconfigures but does not simply dismiss our ideas about God, humanity, religion and the world. This article is published as part of a thematic collection dedicated to radical theologies.
Bcl6 middle domain repressor function is required for T follicular helper cell differentiation and utilizes the corepressor MTA3
Authors: Nance J. Philip , Bélanger Simon , Johnston Robert J. , Hu Joyce K. , Takemori Toshitada , Crotty Shane 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Most vaccines protect from infections by eliciting a long-lived antibody response. B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 (Bcl6) is a transcriptional repressor that is essential for the generation of long-lived antibody responses by promoting the differentiation of T follicular helper (Tfh) and germinal center B cells. Currently, the mechanisms by which Bcl6 directs Tfh cell differentiation is unclear. We show that mutations in the middle domain of Bcl6 prevent full differentiation of Tfh cells by loss of repression of key target genes. This study reveals a role for the middle domain of Bcl6 in the differentiation and function of Tfh cells.
Global alteration of ocean ecosystem functioning due to increasing human CO
2
emissions
Authors: Nagelkerken Ivan , Connell Sean D. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
People are not only concerned about climate change and its effects on plant and animal diversity but also about how humans are fundamentally changing the globe’s largest ecosystem that sustains economic revenue and food for many countries. We show that many species communities and ocean habitats will change from their current states. Ocean acidification and warming increase the potential for an overall simplification of ecosystem structure and function with reduced energy flow among trophic levels and little scope for species to acclimate. The future simplification of our oceans has profound consequences for our current way of life, particularly for coastal populations and those that rely on oceans for food and trade.
Preserved genetic diversity in organoids cultured from biopsies of human colorectal cancer metastases
Authors: Weeber Fleur , van de Wetering Marc , Hoogstraat Marlous , Dijkstra Krijn K. , Krijgsman Oscar , Kuilman Thomas , Gadellaa-van Hooijdonk Christa G. M. , van der Velden Daphne L. , Peeper Daniel S. , Cuppen Edwin P. J. G. , Vries Robert G. , Clevers Hans , Voest Emile E. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Chemotherapy has been proven in clinical studies to improve overall survival significantly. Unfortunately, there is a significant degree of heterogeneity in tumor chemosensitivity, often resulting in unnecessary treatment and needless exposure to toxic side-effects. A platform is needed that can identify preemptively which patients will or will not benefit from treatment. Tumor organoids, 3D cultures of cancer cells, present such an individualized platform. In this study we demonstrate that organoid cultures can be established from metastatic biopsy specimens with a high success rate and genetically represent the metastasis they were derived from. These data support the translation of this innovative technology to the clinic as an ex vivo screening platform for tailoring treatment.
Selected physiological and perceptual responses during a simulated limited overs century in non‐elite batsmen
Authors: Pote Lee , Christie Candice J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFew studies have examined the impact of an increased physical demand on batting performance, especially over extended periods of play. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the physiological and perceptual responses of batsmen scoring a simulated limited overs century, and to link these to sprint times and accuracy of the impact of the ball on the bat. Seventeen male, university level cricketers, performed a batting protocol (BATEX©), typical of a limited overs century. The protocol consisted of six stages, each of five overs, with each stage matched to a specific phase of play. Throughout the protocol heart rate (HR), central ratings of perceived effort (RPE), sprint times and impact accuracy were recorded. HR fluctuated as a function of exercise intensity (124.16–159.61 bpm). Central RPE increased as a function of intensity and duration (11.87–16.04). Sprint times got slower over time (5.67–5.81 s), while impact accuracy improved significantly (p < .05) after stage one and then plateaued for the remainder of the protocol (64.81–57.39 mm). In conclusion, the protocol significantly impacted cardiac strain and perceptual responses negatively impacting sprint times with an improvement in batting accuracy.
On synchronizing time and eternity
Authors: Stein Murray 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIn this paper I attempt to show how Jung conceived of the interface of time and eternity in the self. To do this, I use his commentary of Wolfgang Pauli's ‘world clock’ vision, and to that I add my commentary on Pauli's active imagination, dedicated to M.-L. von Franz, titled ‘The Piano Lesson’. This article is a meditation on the nature of time, of eternity, and of their psychological interaction in the process of individuation. This has relevance to clinical work as well.
The Matter of Belief in John Donne’s Holy Sonnets*
Authors: Coles Kimberly Anne 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThough historians of religion have demonstrated that the theological commitments of early modern English people were labile and complex, there was nonetheless a prevailing sense in the period that belief posited bodily consequences. This article considers this bodily presence in John Donne’s poetry by exploring the humoral construction of religious identity in his Holy Sonnets. Donne’s conversion provided him with an unusual perspective: not many people were positioned to hold as nuanced a view of religious ideology. It is surprising, then, that when Donne considers his conversion — which he does in little and large in the Holy Sonnets — he casts it in somatic terms. Donne’s humoral constitution of faith in the Holy Sonnets anatomizes the vexed transactions of body and soul particular to late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century thought. He depicts his body in the same terms that he uses to represent his religious temperament — as changeable and lacking integrity.
Involvement of Cyclophilin D and Calcium in Isoflurane-induced Preconditioning
Authors: Teixeira Geoffrey , Chiari Pascal , Fauconnier Jeremy , Abrial Maryline , Couture-Lepetit Elisabeth , Harisseh Rania , Pillot Bruno , Lacampagne Alain , Tourneur Yves , Gharib Abdallah , Ovize Michel 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAbstract
This study demonstrates that protections afforded by isoflurane and cyclophilin D inhibition are not additive. The partial inhibitory effect of isoflurane on respiratory complex I is insufficient to afford a synergy to cyclophilin D–induced protection.

Background
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) has been established as an important mediator of ischemia–reperfusion–induced cell death. The matrix protein cyclophilin D (CypD) is the best known regulator of PTP opening. Therefore, the authors hypothesized that isoflurane, by inhibiting the respiratory chain complex I, another regulator of PTP, might reinforce the myocardial protection afforded by CypD inhibition.

Methods
Adult mouse or isolated cardiomyocytes from wild-type or CypD knockout (CypD-KO) mice were subjected to ischemia or hypoxia followed by reperfusion or reoxygenation. Infarct size was assessed in vivo. Mitochondrial membrane potential and PTP opening were assessed using tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester perchlorate and calcein–cobalt fluorescence, respectively. Fluo-4 AM and rhod-2 AM staining allowed the measurement, by confocal microscopy, of Ca2+ transient and Ca2+ transfer from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to mitochondria after caffeine stimulation.

Results
Both inhibition of CypD and isoflurane significantly reduced infarct size (−50 and −37%, respectively) and delayed PTP opening (+63% each). Their combination had no additive effect (n = 6/group). CypD-KO mice displayed endogenous protection against ischemia–reperfusion. Isoflurane depolarized the mitochondrial membrane (−28%, n = 5), decreased oxidative phosphorylation (−59%, n = 5), and blunted the caffeine-induced Ca2+ transfer from SR to mitochondria (−22%, n = 7) in the cardiomyocytes of wild-type mice. Importantly, this transfer was spontaneously decreased in the cardiomyocytes of CypD-KO mice (−25%, n = 4 to 5).

Conclusions
The results suggest that the partial inhibitory effect of isoflurane on respiratory complex I is insufficient to afford a synergy to CypD-induced protection. Isoflurane attenuates the Ca2+ transfer from SR to mitochondria, which is also the prominent role of CypD, and finally prevents PTP opening.
Creativity, clusters and the competitive advantage of cities
Authors: Martin Roger , Florida Richard , Pogue Melissa , Mellander Charlotta 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to marry Michael Porter’s industrial cluster theory of traded and local clusters to Richard Florida’s occupational approach of creative and routine workers to gain a better understanding of the process of economic development.Design/methodology/approach– Combining these two approaches, four major industrial-occupational categories are identified. The shares of US employment in each – creative-in-traded, creative-in-local, routine-in-traded and routine-in-local – are calculated, and a correlation analysis is used to examine the relationship of each to regional economic development indicators.Findings– Economic growth and development is positively related to employment in the creative-in-traded category. While metros with a higher share of creative-in-traded employment enjoy higher wages and incomes overall, these benefits are not experienced by all worker categories. The share of creative-in-traded employment is also positively and significantly associated with higher inequality. After accounting for higher median housing costs, routine workers in both traded and local industries are found to be relatively worse off in metros with high shares of creative-in-traded employment, on average.Social implications– This work points to the imperative for the US Government and industry to upgrade routine jobs, which make up the majority of all employment, by increasing the creative content of this work.Originality/value– The research is among the first to systematically marry the industry and occupational approaches to clusters and economic development.
Incorporating cultural competency skills in emergency management education
Authors: Knox Claire Connolly , Haupt Brittany 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to incorporate a model of prejudice reduction and cultural identity development theory to assess: the implementation of a diversity case study in a disaster management course; and the cultural competency understanding among the students.Design/methodology/approach– A diversity case study was implemented in an undergraduate Disaster Response and Recovery course (Fall 2013n=17; Spring 2014n=21; Fall 2014n=35). The discussion encouraged students to contemplate how their biases, preconceived notions, and stereotypes affect their future role in emergency management.Findings– Results from Likert scale pre/post tests showed a marked increase in knowledge and a positive change in attitudes (p< 0.05). Open-responses denoted linkages to the prejudice reduction model and cultural identity development theory.Research limitations/implications– Bias can be attributed to the instructor and facilitator, and contextual limitations including a lack of: previous conversations and courses on diversity-related topics and participation motivation.Practical implications– By developing cultural competency, managers initiate intergroup contact reducing negative perceptions and increasing empathy for those deemed different. Integrating cultural competency into emergency management academic programs allows students to identify how their biases, stereotypes, and preconceived notions affect their performance.Originality/value– This study contributes to the literature by focussing on implementing a diversity case study to explore cultural competency, which is lacking in emergency management higher education. The diversity case study and instructional design could be adopted in disaster management courses.
Fostering innovation in public organizations in Thailand
Authors: Suwannathat Patthera , Decharin Pasu , Somboonsavatdee Anupap 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to bring together the mutual perspectives of the “employee” and “client” dimensions of the factors that contribute to innovation in public organizations.Design/methodology/approach– The potential factors in nurturing innovation in public organizations are identified through the literature review. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to develop the models. Data collection and quantitative analysis were used to explore and understand each determinant. The models were evaluated at the managerial level by both “employee” and “client”.Findings– Findings reveal that management commitment is the essential factor that drives strategic orientation to boost innovation. This can be explained using three finalized models.Research limitations/implications– This paper explores only the domestic factors of the classifications. The results may not be generalizable to other countries in the region.Practical implications– Thoroughly understanding the factors influencing successful innovation in public organizations contributes to greater satisfaction of the needs and requirements of citizens.Originality/value– This paper offers novel models of the organizational culture of public organizations seeking innovative policy solutions.