bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally invasive fetal autopsy using ultrasound: a feasibility study
Authors: Votino C. , Cos Sanchez T. , Bessieres B. , Segers V. , Kadhim H. , Razavi F. , Condorelli M. , Votino R. , D'Ambrosio V. , Jani J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate postmortem ultrasound (PM‐US) for minimally invasive autopsy, and to demonstrate its feasibility, sensitivity and specificity, as compared with conventional autopsy, in detecting major congenital abnormalities.MethodsOver a 19‐month study period from 1 March 2012 to 30 September 2013, we recruited from a referral hospital 88 consecutive fetuses, at 11–40 weeks' gestation, which had undergone termination, miscarriage or intrauterine fetal death. We performed PM‐US using different transducers and compared the data with those from conventional autopsy. The latter was performed, according to the Societé Francaise de Foetopathologie (France) guidelines, by experienced perinatal pathologists who were blinded to the ultrasound data.ResultsComplete virtual autopsy by ultrasound was possible in 95.5% of the cases. The sensitivity of PM‐US for detecting brain abnormalities was 90.9% (95% CI, 58.7–99.8%) and the specificity was 87.3% (95% CI, 75.5–94.7%). In 20% of cases, a neuropathological examination was not possible due to severe maceration. The sensitivity for detection of thoracic abnormalities was 88.9% (95% CI, 65.3–98.6%) and the specificity was 92.8% (95% CI, 84.1–97.6%), and the sensitivity for detection of abdominal anomalies was 85.7% (95% CI, 57.2–98.2%) and the specificity was 94.6% (95% CI, 86.7–98.5%).ConclusionThis pilot study confirms the feasibility of PM‐US for virtual autopsy as early as 11 weeks' gestation. This new technique shows high sensitivity and specificity in detecting congenital structural abnormalities as compared with conventional autopsy. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Value of chicory crops to pasture-based dairy farms in the Waikato region of New Zealand
Authors: ROMERA A. J. , DOOLE G. J. , KHAEMBAH E. N. 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARYChicory (Cichorium intybusL.) crops can increase milk production on New Zealand dairy farms through providing high-quality feed in late lactation. Non-linear optimization models of three Waikato dairy farms, differing in the degree to which imported supplement is used, were employed to evaluate chicory crops in this environment. At a baseline milk price of $NZ 7/kg milk solids, it was only profitable for chicory to be used on a farm where no imported supplement was fed. However, even then, only 0·04 of the farm area was planted and profit only increased by $NZ 30/ha (0·006 of baseline profit), relative to where it was not used. It was not optimal to plant any chicory on farms where imported feed was available, at the baseline milk price and cost of establishment considered here. This was evident because imported feed is more flexible than chicory for filling temporary feed gaps; also its use does not displace pasture production. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the unprofitability of chicory is robust to broad variation in calving date and the relative growth of chicory and pasture. Overall, results indicate that farmers are unlikely to receive adequate reward for the additional complexity arising from the utilization of chicory crops, especially when imported supplement provides more flexibility.
Stock Return Predictability and Variance Risk Premia: Statistical Inference and International Evidence
Authors: Bollerslev Tim , Marrone James , Xu Lai , Zhou Hao 
Published: August 2014

AbstractRecent empirical evidence suggests that the variance risk premium predicts aggregate stock market returns. We demonstrate that statistical finite sample biases cannot “explain” this apparent predictability. Further corroborating the existing evidence of the United States, we show that country-specific regressions for France, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Belgium, and the United Kingdom result in quite similar patterns. Defining a “global” variance risk premium, we uncover even stronger predictability and almost identical cross-country patterns through the use of panel regressions.
‘They just throw you out’: release planning for older prisoners
Authors: FORSYTH KATRINA , SENIOR JANE , STEVENSON CAROLINE , O'HARA KATE , HAYES ADRIAN , CHALLIS DAVID , SHAW JENNY 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTOlder prisoners are the fastest growing incarcerated sub-group. They have more complex health and social care needs than both younger prisoners and their age-matched peers living in the community. Prisoners who have been recently released are at enhanced risk in terms of their physical and mental health. Consequently, there is a need for timely, multi-disciplinary release planning. The aim of this study was to explore the health and social care needs of older male adults discharged from prison into the community. Qualitative interviews were carried out with prisoners with four weeks left to serve (N=62), with follow-up interviews conducted four weeks after release (N=45). Participants were selected from nine prisons in the North of England. The constant comparison method was used to analyse the data. Older prisoners perceived release planning to be non-existent. There was a reported lack of formal communication and continuity of care, causing high levels of anxiety. Older prisoners experienced high levels of anxiety about the prospect of living in probation-approved premises; however, those who did go on to live in probation-approved premises had their immediate health and social care needs better met than those who did not move into such accommodation. Release planning for older prisoners is generally inadequate and there is currently a missed opportunity to address the needs of this vulnerable group.
SERENUS D'ANTINOË DANS LA TRADITION GRÉCO-ARABE DESCONIQUES
Authors: Auffret Thomas 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMainly based on the study of a hitherto neglected epigraphic document from Antinoë, the present article aims at showing that the geometer Serenus – the author of two treatisesOn the Section of a CylinderandOn the Section of a Cone– lived at the beginning of the 3rdcentury AD. On the ground of a renewed study of various elements taken both from the treatises and the indirect tradition, it also suggests that Serenus must be placed among a scientific tradition closely linking geometry of conics and catoptrics that can be traced back to the works of Conon of Samos and Pythion of Thasos. This hypothesis raises the problem of the nature of his alleged Platonism, which is examined in relation to Menaechmus' heterodox constructivism. Finally, the study of an element in the Arabic transmission of the treatise onConicsby Apollonius enables us to clarify some point regarding the textual tradition of the treatisesOn the Section of a CylinderandOn the Section of a Cone.
Brahms's Ascending Circle: Hölderlin,Schicksalsliedand the Process of Recollection
Authors: Grimes Nicole 
Published: August 2014

The ending to Brahms's Schicksalslied confounds scholars for two reasons: his setting of Hölderlin's ostensibly despairing poem ends with an orchestral section that evokes comfort and reconciliation, and the postlude transposes the material of the introduction down to C major, ending in a key other than its opening. This represents ‘a rare instance of a composer not merely placing an arbitrary interpretation on words but explicitly contradicting a poet's statement’ (Petersen, 1983). Daverio (1993) and Reynolds (2012) hold similar views, seeing Hölderlin's poem as if divorced from the novelHyperion.Although the poem marks the chronological endpoint of the novella, it is intricately bound up with levels of time, and it serves a continuous engendering function. The recollection of music in an altered key in Brahms's postlude is apposite to Abrams's notion of ‘the ascending circle, or spiral’. Drawing on musical and hermeneutic analysis, on evidence from Brahms's personal library, and on newly discovered correspondence from Hermann Levi, I argue that Brahms's ‘eccentric path’ – like Hölderlin's – leads us away from the original unity of the work in order to restore it in a heightened manner. The postlude prompts reflection and realization on the part of Brahms's listener akin to that of Hölderlin's reader.
STIM1 regulates TRPC6 heteromultimerization and subcellular location
Authors: Albarrán Letizia , Dionisio Natalia , Lopez Esther , Salido Ginés M. , Redondo Pedro C. , Rosado Juan A. 
Published: August 2014

STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1) regulates store-operated channels in the plasma membrane, but the regulation of TRPC (transient receptor potential canonical) heteromultimerization and location by STIM1 is poorly understood. STIM1 is a single transmembrane protein that communicates the filling state of the endoplasmic reticulum to store-operated channels. STIM1 has been reported to regulate the activity of all of the TRPC family members, except TRPC7. TRPC6 has been predominantly associated to second messenger-activated Ca2+ entry pathways. In the present paper we report that STIM1 regulates the expression of TRPC6 in the plasma membrane and evokes translocation of this channel to the endoplasmic reticulum. Attenuation of TRPC6 expression in the plasma membrane resulted in a reduction in the association of this channel with TRPC1 and TRPC3. We have found that expression of TRPC6 in the endoplasmic reticulum results in an increase in the passive Ca2+ efflux and basal cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, but not in the ability of cells to accumulate Ca2+ into the endoplasmic reticulum. We propose a novel mechanism for the regulation of TRPC6 channel location and function by STIM1, probably as a mechanism to modulate second messenger-operated Ca2+ entry while potentiating store-operated Ca2+ influx.
Hypertrophic chondrocytes can become osteoblasts and osteocytes in endochondral bone formation
Authors: Yang Liu , Tsang Kwok Yeung , Tang Hoi Ching , Chan Danny , Cheah Kathryn S. E. 
Published: August 2014

Significance
The possibility that terminally differentiated hypertrophic chondrocytes could survive and become osteoblasts in vivo has been debated for more than a century. We show that hypertrophic chondrocytes can survive the cartilage-to-bone transition and become osteoblasts and osteocytes during endochondral bone formation and in bone repair. Our discovery provides the basis for a conceptual change of a chondrocyte-to-osteoblast lineage continuum, with new insights into the process of endochondral bone formation, the ontogeny of bone cells, and bone homeostasis. Furthermore, our findings have implications for current concepts on mechanisms of skeletal disorders and bone repair and regeneration.
Cyclin D3 promotes pancreatic β-cell fitness and viability in a cell cycle-independent manner and is targeted in autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Saavedra-Ávila Noemí Alejandra , Sengupta Upasana , Sánchez Begoña , Sala Ester , Haba Laura , Stratmann Thomas , Verdaguer Joan , Mauricio Dídac , Mezquita Belén , Ropero Ana Belén , Nadal Ángel , Mora Conchi 
Published: August 2014

Significance
Autoimmune diabetes is caused by the lymphocyte-mediated destruction of the pancreatic insulin-producing β cells. The inflammatory niche surrounding β cells prior to diabetes onset provokes death-inducing molecular changes in these cells. Unknown molecular pathways related to β-cell viability that are altered by inflammation in vivo, and therefore potential therapeutic targets, remain to be identified, because most of the previous studies took in vitro approaches. Here, we report that cyclin D3, classically related to cell proliferation, is targeted in autoimmune diabetes and exerts a protective role on β cells by promoting their survival and fitness without affecting proliferation. These findings unveil a dual, cell cycle-independent role of cyclin D3 with high potential in the areas of autoimmunity and metabolism.
Distinct patterns of hepcidin and iron regulation during HIV-1, HBV, and HCV infections
Authors: Armitage Andrew E. , Stacey Andrea R. , Giannoulatou Eleni , Marshall Elizabeth , Sturges Pamela , Chatha Kamaljit , Smith Nicola M. G. , Huang XiaoJie , Xu XiaoNing , Pasricha Sant-Rayn , Li Ning , Wu Hao , Webster Craig , Prentice Andrew M. , Pellegrino Pierre , Williams Ian , Norris Phillip J. , Drakesmith Hal , Borrow Persephone 
Published: August 2014

Significance
Altered iron levels correlate with disease progression in HIV type-1 (HIV-1) infection, and cellular iron promotes HIV-1 replication. In chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, increased liver iron levels contribute to disease. The peptide hormone hepcidin controls iron distribution. We find that hepcidin increases during the acute phase of HIV-1 infection, early hepcidin predicts later plasma viral set-point, and hepcidin remains high even in chronically infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy. Conversely hepcidin is not induced, and blood iron is not decreased, during the acute response to HBV and HCV. Therefore, the nature of iron redistribution during the response to infections is a pathogen-specific phenomenon; furthermore, the deleterious effects of chronic infection on hepcidin and iron appear to be established early in infection.
Lignin valorization through integrated biological funneling and chemical catalysis
Authors: Linger Jeffrey G. , Vardon Derek R. , Guarnieri Michael T. , Karp Eric M. , Hunsinger Glendon B. , Franden Mary Ann , Johnson Christopher W. , Chupka Gina , Strathmann Timothy J. , Pienkos Philip T. , Beckham Gregg T. 
Published: August 2014

Significance
For nearly a century, processes have been used to convert biomass-derived carbohydrates, such as glucose, into fuels and chemicals. However, plant cell walls also contain an aromatic polymer, lignin, that has not been cost-effectively converted into fuels or commodity chemicals. With the intensive development of lignocellulosic biorefineries around the world to produce fuels and chemicals from biomass-derived carbohydrates, the amount of waste lignin will dramatically increase, warranting new lignin upgrading strategies. In nature, some microorganisms have evolved pathways to catabolize lignin-derived aromatics. Our work demonstrates that the utilization of these natural aromatic catabolic pathways may enable new routes to overcome the lignin utilization barrier that, in turn, may enable a broader slate of molecules derived from lignocellulosic biomass.
Broad and adaptable RNA structure recognition by the human interferon-induced tetratricopeptide repeat protein IFIT5
Authors: Katibah George E. , Qin Yidan , Sidote David J. , Yao Jun , Lambowitz Alan M. , Collins Kathleen 
Published: August 2014

Significance
This study defines the biochemical and biological specificity of RNA 5′-end discrimination by the human innate immune response protein denoted IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 5 (IFIT5). Cellular and recombinant protein interaction assays revealed an adaptable RNA binding site that, considering both WT and mutant proteins, can broadly accommodate and distinguish phosphate-containing 5′ ends. Comprehensive profiling of IFIT5-associated cellular RNAs by thermostable group II intron reverse transcriptase sequencing identified a broad spectrum of IFIT5-bound precursor and processed tRNA transcripts and revealed a surprisingly flexible order of human tRNA processing reactions. Our findings for IFIT5 illuminate new structural specificities of protein–RNA recognition important for innate immunity.
Lexicostatistical comparison of Omotic languages
Authors: Blažek Václav 
Published: August 2014

The taxonomy of the Omotic language family is thoroughly analyzed. The hypotheses of “West Cushitic” vs. a “Cushomotic” super-branch, vs. separating Omotic as the sixth branch of Afroasiatic (Fleming) are compared. Earlier classifications of the Omotic family are presented, followed by the author’s version based on S.A. Starostin’s variant of glottochronology. According to the latter the North/South Omotic disintegration can be dated to the beginning of the 5th mill. BC. Borrowings can be distinguished from inherited lexicon, though often one can only speculate on the direction of borrowing. Nilo-Saharan parallels were also taken into account. The numbers of cognates common to Omotic and other Cushitic branches on the one hand are contrasted with those common to Omotic and the other Afroasiatic families on the other. It seems most natural to see in Omotic an independent member of the Afroasiatic macro-phylum.
1. Internal classification
2. Phonetic correspondences
3. Basic lexicon
4. Etymological comments
Genetic and linguistic borders in the Himalayan Region
Authors: Kraaijenbrink Thirsa , Parkin Emma J. , Carvalho-Silva Denise R. , van Driem George L. , Barbujani Guido , Tyler-Smith Chris , Jobling Mark A. , Knijff Peter de 
Published: August 2014

There are a number of competing theories about the origins of the Himalayan peoples. These theories are largely based on linguistic and/or archaeological findings, sometimes supported by the results of small-scale genetic studies. A large-scale, ethnolinguistically-informed genetic study of the greater Himalayan region might provide a definitive model for historical population events in this region, and that is why the current study was undertaken.The geographical area of the present-day states of Nepal and Bhutan could have served as ancient corridors for human migration through the Himalayas despite their geographical position immediately south of the highest land barrier. The findings also raise the question as to whether the southern slopes of the Himalayas could have harboured a myriad of refuge areas for the ancestral Tibeto-Burman population(s) during the last glacial maximum. Alternatively, if the multitude and diversity of language communities found in these countries is a reliable indication, they could be an ancient source of genetically differentiated populations and languages. A detailed genetic study of the Himalayan region, therefore, may not only provide insights into the uniqueness and antiquity of its residents, but may also shed light on the peopling of the Himalayas and eastern Asia in general.Using genetic data from 15 autosomal Short Tandem Repeat (STR) loci, we provide evidence that there is clear congruence between language and genetics. Populations speaking a language belonging to the Tibeto-Burman language family are genetically more similar to each other than to populations speaking a language belonging to the Indo-European language family. On the basis of language differences we can draw a linguistic boundary roughly running from east to west, just south of the border between India and Bhutan and through southern Nepal. A genetic boundary can be reconstructed along nearly the same route. We conclude from all these analyses that the populations of Nepal and Bhutan are likely to have originated outside their current locations, in regions where their language families are spoken, but need further work to suggest more precise origins.
Epstein–Barr virus nuclear antigen 3A protein regulates CDKN2B transcription via interaction with MIZ-1
Authors: Bazot Quentin , Deschamps Thibaut , Tafforeau Lionel , Siouda Maha , Leblanc Pascal , Harth-Hertle Marie L. , Rabourdin-Combe Chantal , Lotteau Vincent , Kempkes Bettina , Tommasino Massimo , Gruffat Henri , Manet Evelyne 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 3 family of protein is critical for the EBV-induced primary B-cell growth transformation process. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen we identified 22 novel cellular partners of the EBNA3s. Most importantly, among the newly identified partners, five are known to play direct and important roles in transcriptional regulation. Of these, the Myc-interacting zinc finger protein-1 (MIZ-1) is a transcription factor initially characterized as a binding partner of MYC. MIZ-1 activates the transcription of a number of target genes including the cell cycle inhibitor CDKN2B. Focusing on the EBNA3A/MIZ-1 interaction we demonstrate that binding occurs in EBV-infected cells expressing both proteins at endogenous physiological levels and that in the presence of EBNA3A, a significant fraction of MIZ-1 translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Moreover, we show that a trimeric complex composed of a MIZ-1 recognition DNA element, MIZ-1 and EBNA3A can be formed, and that interaction of MIZ-1 with nucleophosmin (NPM), one of its coactivator, is prevented by EBNA3A. Finally, we show that, in the presence of EBNA3A, expression of the MIZ-1 target gene, CDKN2B, is downregulated and repressive H3K27 marks are established on its promoter region suggesting that EBNA3A directly counteracts the growth inhibitory action of MIZ-1.
Modeling epigenome folding: formation and dynamics of topologically associated chromatin domains
Authors: Jost Daniel , Carrivain Pascal , Cavalli Giacomo , Vaillant Cédric 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Genomes of eukaryotes are partitioned into domains of functionally distinct chromatin states. These domains are stably inherited across many cell generations and can be remodeled in response to developmental and external cues, hence contributing to the robustness and plasticity of expression patterns and cell phenotypes. Remarkably, recent studies indicate that these 1D epigenomic domains tend to fold into 3D topologically associated domains forming specialized nuclear chromatin compartments. However, the general mechanisms behind such compartmentalization including the contribution of epigenetic regulation remain unclear. Here, we address the question of the coupling between chromatin folding and epigenome. Using polymer physics, we analyze the properties of a block copolymer model that accounts for local epigenomic information. Considering copolymers build from the epigenomic landscape of Drosophila, we observe a very good agreement with the folding patterns observed in chromosome conformation capture experiments. Moreover, this model provides a physical basis for the existence of multistability in epigenome folding at sub-chromosomal scale. We show how experiments are fully consistent with multistable conformations where topologically associated domains of the same epigenomic state interact dynamically with each other. Our approach provides a general framework to improve our understanding of chromatin folding during cell cycle and differentiation and its relation to epigenetics.
Pulsations of pre-white dwarfs with hydrogen-dominated atmospheres
Authors: Maeda Kazuhiro , Shibahashi Hiromoto 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
We carried out a fully non-adiabatic analysis for nonradial oscillations of pre-white dwarfs evolved from the post-Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) with hydrogen-dominated envelopes. It is shown that nuclear reactions in the hydrogen burning shell excite low-degree g-modes in the period range of about 40–200 s for the pre-white dwarf models with Teff = 40000 K–300000 K. It is also shown that the amount of hydrogen has a significant influence on the instability domain of such pre-white dwarfs in the Hertzsprung-Russel (H-R) diagram. Thus, the thickness of hydrogen-dominated envelopes may be well constrained by observing the presence of the g-mode oscillations.