bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Suppressor NF2 Blocks Cellular Migration by Inhibiting Ectodomain Cleavage of CD44
Authors: Hartmann Monika , Parra Liseth M. , Ruschel Anne , Böhme Sandra , Li Yong , Morrison Helen , Herrlich Andreas , Herrlich Peter 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Ectodomain cleavage (shedding) of transmembrane proteins by metalloproteases (MMP) generates numerous essential signaling molecules, but its regulation is not totally understood. CD44, a cleaved transmembrane glycoprotein, exerts both antiproliferative or tumor-promoting functions, but whether proteolysis is required for this is not certain. CD44-mediated contact inhibition and cellular proliferation are regulated by counteracting CD44 C-terminal interacting proteins, the tumor suppressor protein merlin (NF2) and ERM proteins (ezrin, radixin, moesin). We show here that activation or overexpression of constitutively active merlin or downregulation of ERMs inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced [as well as serum, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)] CD44 cleavage by the metalloprotease ADAM10, whereas overexpressed ERM proteins promoted cleavage. Merlin- and ERM-modulated Ras or Rac activity was not required for this function. However, latrunculin (an actin-disrupting toxin) or an ezrin mutant which is unable to link CD44 to actin, inhibited CD44 cleavage, identifying a cytoskeletal C-terminal link as essential for induced CD44 cleavage. Cellular migration, an important tumor property, depended on CD44 and its cleavage and was inhibited by merlin. These data reveal a novel function of merlin and suggest that CD44 cleavage products play a tumor-promoting role. Neuregulin, an EGF ligand released by ADAM17 from its pro-form NRG1, is predominantly involved in regulating cellular differentiation. In contrast to CD44, release of neuregulin from its pro-form was not regulated by merlin or ERM proteins. Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton however, also inhibited NRG1 cleavage. This current study presents one of the first examples of substrate-selective cleavage regulation.
Implications: Investigating transmembrane protein cleavage and their regulatory pathways have provided new molecular insight into their important role in cancer formation and possible treatment. Mol Cancer Res; 13(5); 879–90. ©2015 AACR.
Moderate and Severe Preoperative Chronic Kidney Disease Worsen Clinical Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Gargiulo Giuseppe , Capodanno Davide , Sannino Anna , Perrino Cinzia , Capranzano Piera , Stabile Eugenio , Trimarco Bruno , Tamburino Corrado , Esposito Giovanni 
Published: February 2015

Background—
There is a conflicting evidence on safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with preoperative chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis on the impact of CKD on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Methods and Results—
Nine studies including 4992 patients were analyzed. Overall preoperative CKD (stages 3–5) significantly increased early (odds ratio [OR], 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.94 and OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.04–2.67) and 1-year (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.23–2.25 and OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.06–1.63) all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Moderate CKD (stage 3) alone also increased early and 1-year all-cause mortality (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.10–1.85 and OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.13–1.74). CKD stages 4 to 5 and 3 compared with stages 1 to 2 increased early stroke (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.53–4.65 and OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.09–2.52), acute kidney injury (OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.17–3.72 and OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.09–1.60) and need for dialysis (OR, 5.92; 95% CI, 2.46–14.27 and OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.65–3.70), in the absence of significant differences in contrast medium administration (mean difference, −26.07; 95% CI, −53.00 to 0.85 and mean difference, −0.42; 95% CI, −16.10 to 15.26). Bleeding (life-threatening or major) was nonsignificantly increased in CKD 3 to 5 compared with CKD 1 to 2, but significantly increased in most severe patients (CKD 4–5 versus CKD 1–2: OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.13–2.44; CKD 4–5 versus CKD 3: OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.27–2.24).

Conclusions—
Both moderate and severe preoperative CKD significantly worsen transcatheter aortic valve implantation prognosis. Future studies on risk evaluation, prevention, and postoperative management are needed.
Long-Term Comparison of Collocated Instantaneous Rain Retrievals from the TRMM Microwave Imager and Precipitation Radar over the Ocean
Authors: Seo Eun-Kyoung , Hristova-Veleva Svetla , Liu Guosheng , Ou Mi-Lim , Ryu Geun-Hyeok 
Published: February 2015

AbstractVersion-7 (V7) rain rates retrieved by the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and Precipitation Radar (PR) are spatially and temporally collocated over the ocean and compared at TMI footprint scale for the summer months of 16 years, within the TRMM coverage belt from 38°S to 38°N latitude. This study puts special emphasis on examining how the estimates from the two instruments compare with each other for different rain types and for different geographical locations. It is found that, although the two rain-rate estimates agree with each other extremely well (only 2.6% difference) when averaged globally and over all rain types, large discrepancies (~60%) are observed if comparisons are conducted for rain pixels of only convective type or for regions where convective rain types dominate. For the stratiform rain type, the TMI and PR retrievals compare well with a difference of ~13% globally. In particular, the partial beam filling seems to be less important to the underestimation of TMI rain against PR rain than the spatial variability of rain. These findings point to the existing need for better understanding of the remote-sensing physics of convective rain. Such an improved understanding is critically important to decreasing the uncertainty in oceanic rainfall estimation from space in the coming GPM era of global long-term observations that will lead to the creation of a climate record of trends in precipitation.
Causes of Strengthening and Weakening of ENSO Amplitude under Global Warming in Four CMIP5 Models
Authors: Chen Lin , Li Tim , Yu Yongqiang 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe mechanisms for El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) amplitude change under global warming are investigated through quantitative assessment of air–sea feedback processes in present-day and future climate simulations of four models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Two models (MPI-ESM-MR and MRI-CGCM3) project strengthened ENSO amplitude, whereas the other two models (CCSM4 and FGOALS-g2) project weakened ENSO amplitude. A mixed layer heat budget diagnosis shows that the major cause of the projected ENSO amplitude difference between the two groups is attributed to the changes of the thermocline and zonal advective feedbacks. A weaker (stronger) equatorial thermocline response to a unit anomalous zonal wind stress forcing in the Niño-4 region is found in CCSM4 and FGOALS-g2 (MPI-ESM-MR and MRI-CGCM3). The cause of the different response arises from the change in the meridional scale of ENSO. A narrower (wider) meridional width of sea surface temperature (SST) and zonal wind stress anomalies causes a strengthening (weakening) of the equatorial thermocline response and thus stronger Bjerknes and zonal advective feedbacks, as the subsurface temperature and zonal current anomalies depend on the thermocline response; consequently, the ENSO amplitude increases (decreases). The change of ENSO meridional width is caused by the change in mean meridional overturning circulation in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, which depends on change of mean wind stress and SST warming patterns under global warming.
Carer experience of Community Treatment Orders: implications for rights based/recovery-oriented mental health legislation
Authors: Vine Ruth , Komiti Angela 
Published: February 2015

Objective: Our aim was to determine the views and experiences of carers of people with severe mental illness in regard to Community Treatment Orders (CTOs). Method: Questionnaires were posted using the mailing lists of two well-established carer support organisations in Victoria. The questionnaires included information about the person with a mental illness, the carer and their experience of care (ECI) and knowledge of recovery (RKI). Results: In total, 278 questionnaires were sent and 63 returned, of which 62 provided valid data. Those who responded were predominantly female (90%) and older (mean age 63 years), and were the carer of a person with a severe and recurrent mental illness. Some 60% had experience of caring for a person on a CTO. Most felt the CTO had been of benefit, and in 89% the person relapsed and needed further treatment when the CTO was stopped. Conclusion: Mental health legislation is shifting to bring a greater focus on rights, individual choice and autonomy in line with recovery-oriented care. This study describes the impact of severe mental illness and decisions in relation to CTOs on carers.
Reliability and Validity of 6 Measures of Pain, Function, and Disability for Ankle Arthroplasty and Arthrodesis
Authors: Pinsker Ellie , Inrig Taucha , Daniels Timothy R. , Warmington Kelly , Beaton Dorcas E. 
Published: February 2015

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures are increasingly used evaluating clinical care. Many measures used to assess operative hindfoot interventions vary in content, and some have not been psychometrically validated in this population. The purpose of this study was to compare measurement properties of 6 lower-extremity patient-reported outcome measures, and to evaluate their reliability and validity in light of patients’ preferences. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of 42 preoperative and 100 postoperative patients completed 6 lower-extremity outcome measures on 2 occasions: Foot Function Index (FFI), Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS), patient-reported items of the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Questionnaire (AOFAS), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA), as well as measures of preference, and symptoms. Results: Internal consistency was good to excellent for all scales and subscales (α = .84-.97; ICC [2,1] = .81-.96). Correlations between scales ranged from .50 (WOMACStiffness and FFIActivity Limitations) to .92 (LEFS and SMFAOverall, WOMACPain and AOSOverall, FFIOverall and AOFASOverall). Higher correlations occurred within instruments ( r = .97 AOSPain and AOSOverall) and between similar subscales from different instruments ( r = .91 WOMACPain and AOSPain). Construct validity showed moderate to high correlations to global ratings of Pain, Stiffness, and difficulty performing Daily Activities. The highest correlations ( r > .75) occurred between Pain and AOSOverall ( r = .84), stiffness and WOMACStiffness ( r = .81), and Daily Activities and AOSDisability ( r = .87). Patients rated instruments by preference. FFI, WOMAC, LEFS, and SMFA rated favorably for length. FFI, WOMAC, LEFS, and AOFAS rated high for understandability. FFI was rated by postoperative patients as most likely to capture change due to surgery. SMFA rated the best overall. Conclusions: Direct comparison of instruments revealed similarity between scales in construct validity and reliability. Patient preferences supported the use of these scales. Foot-specific instruments offered no clear advantage over lower-extremity instruments. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
Interactive Exposure With a Blood Glucose Monitor With a Novel Glucose Color Range Indicator Is Associated With Improved Glucose Range Interpretation and Awareness in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Grady Mike , Warren Graham , Levy Brian L. , Katz Laurence B. 
Published: February 2015

Aims: The ability of patients to achieve glycemic control depends in part on their ability to interpret and act on blood glucose (BG) results. This clinical study was conducted to determine if a simple on-meter color range indicator (CRI) could improve the ability of patients to categorize BG values into low, in-range, and high glycemic ranges. Methods: The clinical study was conducted in 59 subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Subjects classified 50 general, 15 before- and 15 after-meal BG values as low, in-range, or high based on their current knowledge. Subjects then interactively experienced the on-meter CRI, which showed whether alternate BG values were low, in-range, or high. After CRI interaction, subjects repeated the original scoring assessment followed by a survey exploring their awareness of glucose ranges. Results: Following interaction with the CRI, subjects improved their ability to categorize general, before-meal and after-meal BG results by 23.4% ± 3.0% (SEM), 14.2% ± 2.4%, and 16.1% ± 2.9%, respectively (all P < .001), into low, in-range, and high glycemic ranges. Improvement was not accompanied by an increase in time spent categorizing results. There was no correlation between subject HbA1c, test frequency, or duration of diabetes and ability to correctly classify results. Subjects agreed the CRI feature helped them easily interpret glucose values and improved their awareness of glucose ranges. Conclusion: A short interactive session with a meter including a CRI feature improved the ability of T2DM subjects to interpret and categorize BG values into recommended ranges.
Metal phthalocyanine: fullerene composite nanotubes via templating method for enhanced properties
Authors: Ahmad Makinudin Abdullah Haaziq , Fakir Muhamad Saipul , Supangat Azzuliani 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The use of templating method to synthesize the vanadyl 2,9,16,23-tetraphenoxy-29H,31H-phthalocyanine (VOPcPhO):[6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) composite nanotubes is presented here. VOPcPhO is a p-type material and PC71BM is an n-type material which acts as an electron donor and electron acceptor, respectively. Both materials have been studied due to their potential applications as solar energy converter and organic electronics. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images have shown the replication of the porous template diameter of approximately 200 nm with a superior incorporation of both VOPcPhO and PC71BM. VOPcPhO:PC71BM composite nanotubes showed the significant properties improvement if compared over their bulk heterojunction counterpart. UV-vis spectra of composite nanotubes show a shift to a longer wavelength at the absorption peaks. Significant quenching has been attained by the photoluminescence spectra of VOPcPhO:PC71BM composite nanotubes which supports the redshift of UV-vis absorption spectra. Presumably, the photo-induced charge transfer and charge carrier dissociation can be enhanced from the VOPcPhO:PC71BM composite nanotubes rather than the bulk heterojunction.
Vanadia supported on nickel manganese oxide nanocatalysts for the catalytic oxidation of aromatic alcohols
Authors: Adil Syed F , Alabbad Saad , Kuniyil Mufsir , Khan Mujeeb , Alwarthan Abdulrahman , Mohri Nils , Tremel Wolfgang , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Siddiqui Mohammed Rafiq Hussain 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Vanadia nanoparticles supported on nickel manganese mixed oxides were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The catalytic properties of these materials were investigated for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol using molecular oxygen as oxidant. It was observed that the calcination temperature and the size of particles play an important role in the catalytic process. The catalyst was evaluated for its oxidation property against aliphatic and aromatic alcohols, which was found to display selectivity towards aromatic alcohols. The samples were characterized by employing scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Magnetic and electric properties of stoichiometric BiMnO3 thin films
Authors: Lee Bo Wha , Yoo Pil Sun , Nam Vu Binh , Toreh Kirstie Raquel Natalia , Jung Chang Uk 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
It has been suggested that BiMnO3 is a material exhibiting both ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity. Stoichiometry is rather easily achieved in a polycrystalline sample, and ferromagnetic properties have been well documented for bulk samples. Stoichiometry in thin films has been difficult to obtain, and many physical properties have exhibit wide distributions mainly due to the stoichiometry problem. Thin film studies on BiMnO3 have not shown clear evidence of ferroelectricity, while other physical properties measured for the BiMnO3 films showed wide spectra, which has been attributed to cation and/or oxygen vacancies. We fabricated BiMnO3 thin films with good stoichiometry and with ferromagnetic properties comparable to those reported for stoichiometric BiMnO3: Tc ~ 105 K and M
sat ~ 3.6 μB/Mn. The charge-electric field (Q-E) curve measured at 5 K was fairly linear and free from hysteresis and showed no ferroelectric order. This finding is consistent with the centrosymmetric crystal structure recently suggested by theoretical calculations and structural studies on ceramic samples of stoichiometric BiMnO3.
Single-crystalline chromium silicide nanowires and their physical properties
Authors: Hsu Han-Fu , Tsai Ping-Chen , Lu Kuo-Chang 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this work, chromium disilicide nanowires were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes on Si (100) substrates with hydrous chromium chloride (CrCl3 · 6H2O) as precursors. Processing parameters, including the temperature of Si (100) substrates and precursors, the gas flow rate, the heating time, and the different flow gas of reactions were varied and studied; additionally, the physical properties of the chromium disilicide nanowires were measured. It was found that single-crystal CrSi2 nanowires with a unique morphology were grown at 700°C, while single-crystal Cr5Si3 nanowires were grown at 750°C in reducing gas atmosphere. The crystal structure and growth direction were identified, and the growth mechanism was proposed as well. This study with magnetism, photoluminescence, and field emission measurements demonstrates that CrSi2 nanowires are attractive choices for future applications in magnetic storage, photovoltaic, and field emitters.
Development of Novel n-Type Materials Based on Benzothiadiazole Derivatives for Organic Photovoltaics: Effects of Acceptor Terminal Substituents
Authors: Shibata Yosei , Kono Takahiro , Usui Hiroyo , Yoshida Yuji 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Novel n-type materials of BTD-CN (1) and BTD-CF3 (2) were synthesized for organic photovoltaics. Both materials show approximately the same HOMO–LUMO level and position of absorption peaks. However, the organic photovoltaic performance of a device with 1 is clearly higher than that with 2. In this paper, we discuss the effects of terminal substituents on film morphology, crystallinity, and photovoltaic performance. The results suggest that cyano-modified benzothiadiazole is useful because of its crystallinity, carrier recombination, and series resistance.
Adhesion and Friction Force on Various Smooth Hydrophobic Silane Coatings
Authors: Miyamoto Takumi , Sakai Munetoshi , Isobe Toshihiro , Matsushita Sachiko , Nakajima Akira 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Various smooth hydrophobic silane coatings were prepared on a Si substrate using CVD. Then adhesion and friction force for these coatings were evaluated using force curve measurements and friction force microscopy with Si3N4-coated Si cantilevers in the ambient atmosphere. The adhesion force depended on the cosine of the water contact angle, which suggests that it was governed by the capillary force. The water contact angle, packing density, rigidity, and molecular interaction contribute to the friction coefficient of the coatings.
Application of transcutaneus electroneurostimulation in complex therapy and rehabilitation of diabetic neuropathic pain
Authors: Аль-Замиль  , Al-Zamil M. , Божко  , Bozhko S. , Кудаева  , Kudaeva L. 
Published: February 2015

. In this article expediency of application of monophasic, high frequency and low amplitude transcutaneous neuroelectrostimulation in treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with diabetic distal polyneuropathy of lower extremity was proved.
This study included 159 patients with acute distal neuropathic pain in lower extremity. In all patients di-abetic mellitus 2 type was diagnosed and clinical signs and symptoms of distal polyneuropathy were found.
Comparative dynamics of clinical and electromyographic manifestations of diabetic distal polyneuropathy between basis and control groups were analyzed. 62 patients in control group undergone treatment by the Duloxetine 60 mg every day within 3 months. In basis group 97 patients in addition to the Duloxetine were treated by transcutaneous neuroelectrostimulation during 30 minutes per day after day for 15 days.
This study showed that complex treatment by combination use of transcutaneous neuroelectrostimula-tion with central analgesic more effective than traditional analgesic therapy in treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with diabetic distal polyneuropathy.
Development of a method of intravenous laser irradiation of blood, &#34;blue&#34; laser (λ=532) in patients with diabetic foot
Authors: Балеев  , Baleev M. , Нуриев  , Nuriev E. , Шимко  , Shimko V. 
Published: February 2015

There is a distinct correlation between the concentration of sugar in the blood level of C level occurrence of diabetic foot syndrome. Treatment with drugs that eliminate insulinrezistentnost in Russia currently applies only in a small number of patients, in most cases, surgical treatment of diabetic foot.
The search for new and effective methods of sustained therapeutic effect, more cost-effective and devoid of side effects, effects on the body remains relevant. One of these methods may be intravenous laser irradiation of blood with frequency λ=532 nm, this study confirms the effectiveness of its application.
As shown by the experimental data, to the use of intravenous laser blood irradiation intravenous laser ir-radiation of blood indicators of glucose in the study and control groups was higher than normal. After the intra-venous laser irradiation of blood these figures were significantly reduced in the intervention group and the con-trol group showed a tendency to preserve the performance on the data at the beginning of the study.
The study suggests that the inclusion of therapy intravenous laser irradiation of blood &#34;blue&#34; laser with a wavelength of 532 nm in patients with diabetic foot has a positive impact on the index of blood glucose. The foregoing gives rise to the following conclusions: in patients with diabetic foot syndrome was a significant in-crease in blood glucose therapy in the form of intravenous laser irradiation of blood &#34;blue&#34; laser with a wave-length of 532 nm significantly reduces the level of glucose
Hedi Slimane and the reinvention of menswear
Authors: Bowstead Jay McCauley 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This article analyses the role of designer Hedi Slimane in shaping the development of menswear in the first decade of the twenty-first century. Slimane’s collections for Dior Homme in the early 2000s caught the imagination of the fashion press with their combination of a radically slim silhouette, precise tailoring and androgynous flourishes. Along with the commercial success he brought to Dior, Slimane catalyzed a renewed interest in menswear, the aesthetic he proposed acting as a prototype for men’s fashion throughout the decade. By contrasting Slimane’s slender, ambiguous and self-consciously elegant look with the sporty muscularity of the 1990s catwalk, the article explores the shifting nature of male identity in the new millennium as fashionable men found new ways of consuming their masculinity.