bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Walid Raad’s Double Bind: The Atlas Group Project, 1989–2004
Authors: Narusevicius Vytas 
Published: December 2014

L’Atlas Group Project de Walid Raad (1989–2004) élabore une contre-histoire des guerres civiles libanaises à partir de la création d’archives picturales qui interrogent les discours existants et perturbent les normes historiques établies. Raad a oeuvré pendant plus de dix ans sur ce projet, créant un corpus aux multiples facettes qui illustre les façons dont les récits historiques sont assemblés, autorisés et validés. Il dévoile la logique interne de l’archive et met en doute la préséance associée à certains types de discours d’autorité, en particulier la valeur témoin accordée à la photographie. Il souligne la faculté de persuasion de ce discours documentaire et le peu de résistance avec lequel il est accepté. De plus, Raad emploie l’humour et la fiction, examinant leur capacité à communiquer des connaissances utiles et la comparant à celle des faits historiques traditionnellement acceptés. Cette analyse du projet de Raad porte sur ce qui constitue la validité d’une archive, les protocoles auxquels l’archive est soumise, et, en particulier, le rôle de l’historien / archiviste dans le maintien de ces protocoles. En fin de compte, il s’agit de savoir si une contre-histoire est possible. La question devient alors : est-ce que la façon innovatrice dont Raad utilise les protocoles d’archives permet un nouveau type de récit historique, ou est-ce que les protocoles se réinscrivent subtilement dans son travail afin de le normaliser ?
Photographing the War in Afghanistan: An Interview with Louie Palu
Authors: Fitzpatrick Blake 
Published: December 2014

La représentation joue un grand rôle dans les conflits militaires. Elle participe à la façon dont le public prend connaissance de la guerre, et comment il y réagit. Le photographe canadien Louie Palu a contribué à la compréhension de la guerre par son travail à titre de photojournaliste « embarqué » (« embedded ») au coeur des troupes canadiennes, britanniques et américaines en Afghanistan et aussi comme photographe indépendant. Son travail se démarque pour avoir su combiner les approches journalistiques et artistiques de représentation du conflit et pour avoir fait des rapprochements entre l’idée de guerre comme expérience à multiples facettes, chaotique et fragmentaire, et les formes de représentation qui, proportionnellement, vont au-delà des systèmes singuliers de références. Dans cet entretien, Palu révèle les expériences d’un photographe dans une zone de combat et offre une perspective interne des pratiques de journalisme embarqué, et de l’éthique et des pratiques de la photographie de guerre. En discutant des limites de la photographie comme véhicule d’expérience multisensorielle d’un conflit, il insiste sur l’importance du pouvoir des images pour faire connaître à la société civique ce qui est accompli en son nom au travers de la guerre.
The Art of War: Painted Photographs and Australia’s “War on Terror”
Authors: Cahill Susan 
Published: December 2014

De novembre 2008 à décembre 2010, l’exposition Framing Conflict : Iraq and Afghanistan est présentée dans un grand nombre d’institutions culturelles et militaires à travers l’Australie. Organisée par le Australian War Memorial et sous l’égide du commissaire Warwick Heywood, elle est principalement composée d’huiles sur toile de lin réalisées par le duo d’artistes australiens Lyndell Brown et Charles Green. Leurs oeuvres s’appuient sur une série de photographies prises en 2007 pendant leur « embarquement » (« embed ») en tant qu’artistes officiels du War Art Scheme, au sein de la Australian Defense Force basée en Afghanistan et au Moyen-Orient. J’examine ces peintures réalisées sur commande par Brown et Green dans le but d’explorer la façon dont ces artistes complexifient les attentes par rapport à l’art commandité par l’État et les récits officiels de l’histoire militaire australienne. Pour ce faire, j’effectue un rapprochement entre une analyse de ce que les tableaux dépeignent et la manière dont les artistes ont négocié leur rôle en tant qu’héritiers d’une mémoire de l’art militaire, et ce, en lien avec leur propre pratique esthétique, leurs croyances politiques, et le contexte plus large du rôle de l’Australie dans « la guerre au terrorisme » internationale.
Emphasis on various subtopics in the anatomy curriculum for chiropractic training: An international survey of chiropractors and anatomists
Authors: Chapman Peter D. , Meyer Amanda , Young Kenneth , Wibowo Daniel , Walker Bruce 
Published: December 2014

Objective
The aim of this study was to conduct an international survey of the perceived optimal level of anatomy teaching from anatomy academics and practicing chiropractors. We hypothesized that the optimum level of anatomical understanding for chiropractic students does not differ between the anatomists teaching the students and practicing chiropractors.

Methods
The opinion of anatomists teaching in a chiropractic course (n = 16) was compared to practicing chiropractors (n = 589). The students' level of understanding was based on the revised Bloom's taxonomy for 16 different curriculum areas. Anatomists were recruited by contacting the accredited chiropractic courses worldwide. Snowball sampling was used for the practicing chiropractors. Independent-samples Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the results of anatomists and chiropractors.

Results
Opinions differed between anatomists and chiropractors on 9 out of the 16 questions. Where opinions differed, chiropractors recommended a higher standard of anatomical knowledge. The level suggested by chiropractors for these curriculum areas is equal to the “evaluating” level where chiropractic students can remember, understand, apply, and analyze anatomical knowledge to be able to justify a clinical decision.

Conclusion
Compared to anatomists working in chiropractic programs, chiropractors suggest a higher standard of anatomy be taught to undergraduates. Collaboration between chiropractors and anatomists would likely be beneficial in creating or modifying anatomy curricula for chiropractic students.
Development and psychometric evaluation of an information literacy self-efficacy survey and an information literacy knowledge test*
Authors: Tepe Rodger , Tepe Chabha 
Published: December 2014

Objective
To develop and psychometrically evaluate an information literacy (IL) self-efficacy survey and an IL knowledge test.

Methods
In this test–retest reliability study, a 25-item IL self-efficacy survey and a 50-item IL knowledge test were developed and administered to a convenience sample of 53 chiropractic students. Item analyses were performed on all questions.

Results
The IL self-efficacy survey demonstrated good reliability (test–retest correlation = 0.81) and good/very good internal consistency (mean κ = .56 and Cronbach's α = .92). A total of 25 questions with the best item analysis characteristics were chosen from the 50-item IL knowledge test, resulting in a 25-item IL knowledge test that demonstrated good reliability (test–retest correlation = 0.87), very good internal consistency (mean κ = .69, KR20 = 0.85), and good item discrimination (mean point-biserial = 0.48).

Conclusions
This study resulted in the development of three instruments: a 25-item IL self-efficacy survey, a 50-item IL knowledge test, and a 25-item IL knowledge test. The information literacy self-efficacy survey and the 25-item version of the information literacy knowledge test have shown preliminary evidence of adequate reliability and validity to justify continuing study with these instruments.
On the generation of a foam film during a topological rearrangement
Authors: Petit P. , Seiwert J. , Cantat I. , Biance A.-L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractT1 topological rearrangement, i.e. switching of neighbouring bubbles in a liquid foam, is the elementary process of foam dynamics, and it involves film disappearance and generation. It has been studied extensively as it is crucial in foam rheology or foam collapse. T1 dynamics depends mainly on the surfactants used to generate the foam, and several models taking into account surface viscosity and/or elasticity have been proposed. By performing experiments in a cubic assembly of films, we go a step forward in this global analysis and investigate experimentally the mechanism of formation of the new film. In particular, the flow velocity field is probed by particle tracking and the film thickness is measured by light absorption and interferometric measurements. Two limit behaviours for the film are reported: it may (i) undergo an homogeneous extension, or (ii) resist elongation and remain at rest, new film being created from liquid exchange with connecting meniscus. Both T1 dynamics and film thickness are shown to depend on the competition between these two behaviours. Interestingly, their balance is set by the surfactant solution used, but it is also shown to vary during a single T1 relaxation process.
Why Buy American? The International Politics of Fighter Jet Transfers
Authors: Vucetic Srdjan , Tago Atsushi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWhen it comes to buying military aircraft, what leads states to prefer one supplier over the other? This paper explores this question from the perspective of international relations theory. First we use social network analysis to map out fighter jet transfers during and after the Cold War and examine the extent to which historical structures of international hierarchy shape contemporary supplier-receiver relationships. Next, we use a basic probit model to analyse the origins of fighter jets in the world's air forces today to evaluate the effect of interstate orders of super-ordination and sub-ordination on sourcing patterns. All things being equal, the more a state is embedded in US security and economic hierarchy, the more it is likely to buy American-made fighter jets.
A unified approach to characterize and conserve adaptive and neutral genetic diversity in subdivided populations
Authors: WELLMANN ROBIN , BENNEWITZ JÖRN , MEUWISSEN THEO H. E. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryAs extinction of local domestic breeds and of isolated subpopulations of wild species continues, and the resources available for conservation programs are limited, prioritizing subpopulations for conservation is of high importance to halt the erosion of genetic diversity observed in endangered species. Current approaches usually only take neutral genetic diversity into account. However, adaptation of subpopulations to different environments also contributes to the diversity found in the species. This paper introduces two notions of adaptive variation. The adaptive diversity in a trait is the excess of variance found in genotypic values relative to the variance that would have been expected in the absence of selection. The adaptivity coverage of a set of subpopulations quantifies how well the subpopulations could adapt to a large range of environments within a limited time span. Additionally, genome-based notions of neutral diversities were obtained that correspond to well known pedigree-based definitions. The values of subpopulations for conservation of adaptivity coverage were compared with their conservation values for adaptive diversity and neutral diversities using simulated data. Conservation values for adaptive diversity and neutral diversities were only slightly correlated, but the values for conservation of adaptivity coverage showed a reasonable correlation with both kinds if the time span was chosen appropriately. Hence, maintaining adaptivity coverage is a promising approach to prioritize subpopulations for conservation decisions.
ON THE NUMBER OF ELLIPTIC CURVES WITH PRESCRIBED ISOGENY OR TORSION GROUP OVER NUMBER FIELDS OF PRIME DEGREE
Authors: NAJMAN FILIP 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLet p be a prime and K a number field of degree p. We determine the finiteness of the number of elliptic curves, up to K-isomorphism, having a prescribed property, where this property is either that the curve contains a fixed torsion group as a subgroup or that it has a cyclic isogeny of prescribed degree.
QUASI-EINSTEIN CONTACT METRIC MANIFOLDS
Authors: GHOSH AMALENDU 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe consider quasi-Einstein metrics in the framework of contact metric manifolds and prove some rigidity results. First, we show that any quasi-Einstein Sasakian metric is Einstein. Next, we prove that any complete K-contact manifold with quasi-Einstein metric is compact Einstein and Sasakian. To this end, we extend these results for (κ, μ)-spaces.
Contribution of Meat Inspection to the surveillance of poultry health and welfare in the European Union
Authors: HUNEAU-SALAÜN A. , STÄRK K. D. C. , MATEUS A. , LUPO C. , LINDBERG A. , LE BOUQUIN-LENEVEU S. 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYIn the European Union, Meat Inspection (MI) aims to protect public health by ensuring that minimal hazardous material enters in the food chain. It also contributes to the detection and monitoring of animal diseases and welfare problems but its utility for animal surveillance has been assessed partially for some diseases only. Using the example of poultry production, we propose a complete assessment of MI as a health surveillance system. MI allows a long-term syndromic surveillance of poultry health but its contribution is lowered by a lack of data standardization, analysis and reporting. In addition, the probability of case detection for 20 diseases and welfare conditions was quantified using a scenario tree modelling approach, with input data based on literature and expert opinion. The sensitivity of MI appeared to be very high to detect most of the conditions studied because MI is performed at batch level and applied to a high number of birds per batch.
FEEDBACK PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF NONHOMOGENEOUS MARKOV JUMP SYSTEMS WITH
NONSYMMETRIC CONSTRAINTS
Authors: LIU YANQING , LIU FEI 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe consider feedback predictive control of a discrete nonhomogeneous Markov jump
system with nonsymmetric constraints. The probability transition of the Markov chain
is modelled as a time-varying polytope. An ellipsoid set is utilized to
construct an invariant set in the predictive controller design. However, when the
constraints are nonsymmetric, this method leads to results which are over conserved
due to the geometric characteristics of the ellipsoid set. Thus, a polyhedral
invariant set is applied to enlarge the initial feasible area. The results obtained
are for a more general class of dynamical systems, and the feasibility region is
significantly enlarged. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the advantage
of the proposed method.
CONTRACTIONS OF NONCONTRACTIVE CONSEQUENCE RELATIONS
Authors: FRENCH ROHAN , RIPLEY DAVID 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSome theorists have developed formal approaches to truth that depend on counterexamples to the structural rules of contraction. Here, we study such approaches, with an eye to helping them respond to a certain kind of objection. We define a contractive relative of each noncontractive relation, for use in responding to the objection in question, and we explore one example: the contractive relative of multiplicative-additive affine logic with transparent truth, or maalt.
Psychometrische Eigenschaften und Normierung der deutschen Version der Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS)
Authors: Gürtler Diana , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Bischof Anja , Kastirke Nadin , Meerkerk Gert-Jan , John Ulrich , Meyer Christian 
Published: December 2014

Zusammenfassung. Die epidemiologische Beschreibung von Internetabhängigkeit und die Entwicklung von Interventionen erfordern eine reliable und ökonomische Erfassungsmethode von Internetabhängigkeit. Die Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) erfasst die Kernelemente von Internetabhängigkeit mit 14 Items, allerdings fehlten bisher bevölkerungsrepräsentative Normwerte für die deutsche Version der CIUS. In der vorliegenden Studie werden nun teststatistische Kennwerte und Normwerte für die deutsche Version der CIUS vorgelegt. 8 132 Personen aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung (14 – 64 Jahren) mit einer durchschnittlichen privaten Internetnutzung von einer Stunde oder länger, an mindestens einem Tag in der Woche oder am Wochenende beantworteten die CIUS. Insgesamt weist die CIUS gute psychometrische Eigenschaften auf und die vorgelegten Normwerte bieten die Möglichkeit für Vergleiche von individuellen Werten mit denen der internetnutzenden Bevölkerung.
Fragebogen zur Erfassung des Humors von Lehrkräften aus Schülersicht (HUMLAS): Konstruktion und Validierung
Authors: Bieg Sonja , Dresel Markus 
Published: December 2014

Zusammenfassung. Eine deutschsprachige Adaption der „Teacher Humor Scale“ ( Frymier, Wanzer & Wojtaszczyk, 2008 ) erfasst mit 17 Items vier Formen des schülerperzipierten Lehrerhumors: lerngegenstandsbezogener Humor, Humor ohne Bezug zum Lerngegenstand, selbstabwertender Humor und aggressiver Humor. Eine Studie mit 890 Gymnasiasten der 9. und 10. Jahrgangsstufe aus 41 Schulklassen erbrachte klare Hinweise auf die Messgüte des Verfahrens. Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen auf Schülerebene bestätigten die vier-faktorielle Struktur. Ergebnisse von explorativen Zwei-Ebenen-Faktorenanalysen standen auch auf Klassenebene im Einklang mit der angenommenen Struktur des Lehrerhumors. Die auf dieser Basis gebildeten Subskalen verfügten über eine gute Reliabilität. Die Analyse der Zusammenhänge mit Schülermerkmalen und anderen Lehrer-/Unterrichtsmerkmalen erbrachte Hinweise auf die konvergente und die diskriminante Validität des Verfahrens. Mit dem „Fragebogen zur Erfassung des Humors von Lehrkräften aus Schülersicht“ (HUMLAS) liegt damit ein reliables, valides und ökonomisches Instrument zu einem Aspekt von Unterricht vor, zu dem es bislang kein differenziertes Verfahren gab.
Resveratrol regulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species homeostasis through Sirt3 signaling pathway in human vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Zhou X , Chen M , Zeng X , Yang J , Deng H , Yi L , Mi M-t 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) homeostasis plays an essential role in preventing oxidative injury in endothelial cells, an initial step in atherogenesis. Resveratrol (RSV) possesses a variety of cardioprotective activities, however, little is known regarding the effects of RSV on mtROS homeostasis in endothelial cells. Sirt3 is a mitochondrial deacetylase, which plays a key role in mitochondrial bioenergetics and is closely associated with oxidative stress. The goal of the study is to investigate whether RSV could attenuate oxidative injury in endothelial cells via mtROS homeostasis regulation through Sirt3 signaling pathway. We found that pretreatment with RSV suppressed tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by increasing cell viability, inhibiting cell apoptosis, repressing collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and decreasing mtROS generation. Moreover, the enzymatic activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) as well as deacetylation of SOD2 were increased by RSV pretreatment, suggesting RSV notably enhanced mtROS scavenging in t-BHP-induced endothelial cells. Meanwhile, RSV remarkably reduced mtROS generation by promoting Sirt3 enrichment within the mitochondria and subsequent upregulation of forkhead box O3A (FoxO3A)-mediated mitochondria-encoded gene expression of ATP6, CO1, Cytb, ND2 and ND5, thereby leading to increased complex I activity and ATP synthesis. Furthermore, RSV activated the expressions of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and Sirt3, as well as estrogen-related receptor-α (ERRα)-dependent Sirt3 mRNA transcription, which were abolished in the presence of AMPK inhibitor and AMPK, PGC-1α or Sirt3 siRNA transfection, indicating the effects of RSV on mtROS homeostasis regulation were dependent on AMPK-PGC-1α-ERRα-Sirt3 signaling pathway. Our findings indicated a novel mechanism that RSV-attenuated oxidative injury in endothelial cells through the regulation of mtROS homeostasis, which, in part, was mediated through the activation of the Sirt3 signaling pathway.
Level of macroautophagy drives senescent keratinocytes into cell death or neoplastic evasion
Authors: Deruy E , Nassour J , Martin N , Vercamer C , Malaquin N , Bertout J , Chelli F , Pourtier A , Pluquet O , Abbadie C 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSenescence is a non-proliferative state reached by normal cells in response to various stresses, including telomere uncapping, oxidative stress or oncogene activation. In previous reports, we have highlighted that senescent human epidermal keratinocytes have two opposite outcomes: either they die by autophagic programmed cell death or they evade in the form of neoplastic postsenescence emergent (PSNE) cells. Herein, we show that partially reducing macroautophagy in senescent keratinocytes using 3-methyl adenine or anti-Atg5 siRNAs increases the PSNE frequency, suggesting that senescent keratinocytes have to escape autophagic cell death to generate PSNE cells. However, totally inhibiting macroautophagy impairs PSNE and leads to a huge accumulation of oxidative damages, indicating that senescent keratinocytes need to achieve quality-control macroautophagy for PSNE to occur. In accordance, we demonstrate that the progenitors of PSNE cells display a level of macroautophagy slightly lower than that of the average senescent population, which is directly dictated by their level of reactive oxygen species, their level of upregulation of MnSOD, their level of activation of NF-κB transcription factors and their level of dysfunctional mitochondria. Macroautophagy thus has antagonistic roles during senescence, inducing cell death or promoting neoplastic transformation, depending on its level of activation. Taken together, these data suggest that levels of oxidative damages and ensuing macroautophagic activity could be two main determinants of the very initial phases of neoplastic transformation by senescence evasion.
Suppression of BRCA1 sensitizes cells to proteasome inhibitors
Authors: Gu Y , Bouwman P , Greco D , Saarela J , Yadav B , Jonkers J , Kuznetsov S G 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBRCA1 is a multifunctional protein best known for its role in DNA repair and association with breast and ovarian cancers. To uncover novel biologically significant molecular functions of BRCA1, we tested a panel of 198 approved and experimental drugs to inhibit growth of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells depleted for BRCA1 by siRNA. 26S proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and carfilzomib emerged as a new class of selective BRCA1-targeting agents. The effect was confirmed in HeLa and U2OS cancer cell lines using two independent siRNAs, and in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells with inducible deletion of Brca1. Bortezomib treatment did not cause any increase in nuclear foci containing phosphorylated histone H2AX, and knockdown of BRCA2 did not entail sensitivity to bortezomib, suggesting that the DNA repair function of BRCA1 may not be directly involved. We found that a toxic effect of bortezomib on BRCA1-depleted cells is mostly due to deregulated cell cycle checkpoints mediated by RB1-E2F pathway and 53BP1. Similar to BRCA1, depletion of RB1 also conferred sensitivity to bortezomib, whereas suppression of E2F1 or 53BP1 together with BRCA1 reduced induction of apoptosis after bortezomib treatment. A gene expression microarray study identified additional genes activated by bortezomib treatment only in the context of inactivation of BRCA1 including a critical involvement of the ERN1-mediated unfolded protein response. Our data indicate that BRCA1 has a novel molecular function affecting cell cycle checkpoints in a manner dependent on the 26S proteasome activity.