bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of clinical efficacy of stereotactic robot-guided puncture hematoma drainage and conventional puncture hematoma drainage in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Gong Xin , Dong Hai-qing , Li Xin , Liu Zhen-jie 
Published: August 2024

Objective: To compare and analyze the clinical effectiveness of conventional puncture hematoma drainage and stereotactic robot-guided puncture hematoma drainage in managing intracerebral hemorrhage.
Methods: This is clinical comparative research. One hundred and twenty patients with the intracerebral hemorrhage who underwent puncture hematoma drainage in Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from March 2020 to May 2023 were included and were assigned into the control groups(n=60) and experimental groups(n=60) according to different treatment methods. The experimental group underwent stereotactic robot-guided puncture hematoma drainage, while the control group underwent conventional puncture hematoma drainage treatment. The duration and situation of surgery, levels of inflammatory factors, as well as preoperative and 1-week postoperative GCS scores and NIHSS scores were compared and analyzed between the two groups.
Results: In comparison with the control group, the experimental group exhibited considerably less surgical duration(p=0.00), higher amount of intraoperative blood drainage and hematoma clearance rate(p=0.00). The experimental group possessed a substantially more reduced incidence of complications(10%) in comparison with the control group(25%), with a statistically substantial distinction(p=0.03). After therapy, CRP, TNF-a, and IL-6 degrees were considerably more decreased (p=0.00) in the experimental group in comparison with the control group, while GCS grades were considerably more prominent and NIHSS grades were considerably more reduced (p=0.00).
Conclusion: Stereotactic robot-guided puncture hematoma drainage is a dependable and safe operative method to treat patients who had intracerebral hemorrhage, resulting in various benefits such as short length of operation, less injury, less inflammatory reaction, high hematoma clear efficiency and satisfactory recovery of neurological function.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.8.8833
How to cite this: Gong X, Dong H, Li X, Liu Z. Comparative analysis of clinical efficacy of stereotactic robot-guided puncture hematoma drainage and conventional puncture hematoma drainage in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.8.8833
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Atmospheric Dispersion Software Intercomparison Exercise and Sensitivity of Results
Authors: Salpadimos Nikos , Karfopoulos Konstantinos , Potiriadis Constantinos , Andronopoulos Spyros , Seimenis Ioannis 
Published: August 2024

Abstract The Greek Atomic Energy Commission (EEAE) is the national regulatory authority, competent for the control, regulation, and supervision in the fields of nuclear energy, nuclear technology, radiological and nuclear safety, and radiation protection. Within its mandate is to assess emergencies in or out of Greece, which may entail radiological risk for the country. To this end, studies based on atmospheric dispersion software, like JRodos, are performed [1]. To validate the performance of the software, EEAE recently participated in a JRodos intercomparison exercise. The exercise was conducted within the Rodos User Group (RUG), and was based on a hypothetical release from a nuclear icebreaker in Danish coastal waters.
This work further evaluates its results on the basis of their sensitivity in the parameter of the atmospheric dispersion models. To this end, three atmospheric dispersion models: RIMPUFF [2], LASAT [3], and DIPCOT [4], were applied. Their results were compared in different timesteps in terms of the effective gamma-dose rate at the height of 1 meter. It was found that results tend to differentiate immediately after the release due to the models’ different approaches. However, all models yield similar results at the later phases of the release.
Demographic status and training needs of aesthetic plastic surgeons in government and private hospitals: evidence from Guangdong, China
Authors: Yi Yanhua , Wang Zhifeng , Hu Guijie , Zhao Shiwei , Li Yongbin , Chen Bo , Xiang Zhen , Zhang Qiaojun , Lu Wei , Liu Jian , Xue Yongping , Li Hongmian , Wu Cimin , Shi Wuxiang , Gong Zhenyu 
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study aims to survey the demographic status of aesthetic plastic surgeons in an economically developed region and to investigate their continuing training needs in contents, training methods, and barriers in private and government hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with a self-administered questionnaire was conducted from January to December, 2022 in Guangdong, China. In-depth interviews were conducted with key informants to gain insights on the current demographic status. Demographic data and training needs assessment were collected and compared with the chi-square test, Fisher’s test, Mann-Whitney U-test using R software. Results: The disparity of surgeons’ demographic data between private and government hospitals was small. Over 60% of practicing aesthetic plastic surgeons transferred from other specialties, and one third of them had less than three years of working experience. Half of surgeons attended training less than three times with an affordable expense of 1000-5000RMB. Almost 80% of them had strong willingness to attend a continuing training program. They prefer to attend further study in a tertiary hospital, with a short topic-focused training course and operation demonstrations. Their favorable training contents were rhinoplasty, eye surgery, and new technologies. Our questionnaire survey revealed the likelihood that the surgeons had a graduate degree in government hospitals outweighed those in private hospitals (P<0.05). Results also showed that the government hospitals focused more on repair and reconstructive surgery and academic research, whereas, private hospitals focused on market needs and were more profit-driven, where the organizational needs had influence on their different training needs for aesthetic plastic surgeons. Conclusion: It would be favorable to take the demographic status of aesthetic plastic surgeons and organizational needs into consideration in designing a continuing training program in plastic surgery.
Workforce Scheduling with Heterogeneous Time Preferences: Effective Wages and Workers’ Supply
Authors: Besbes Omar , Goyal Vineet , Iyengar Garud , Singal Raghav 
Published: August 2024

Problem definition: Motivated by the debate around workers’ welfare in the gig economy, we propose a framework to evaluate current practices and possible alternatives. We study a setting in which customers seek service from workers and a platform facilitates such matches over the course of the day. The platform allocates time slots to workers using an allocation policy, and the workers are strategic agents (with respect to “when to work”) who maximize their expected utility that depends on their preferred times to work, the allocated slots, and the total availability time. The platform seeks to ensure that a sufficient number of workers is available to satisfy demand, whereas the workers aim to maximize their wage-driven utility. Methodology/results: We evaluate policies on two dimensions critical to any firm: the supply of workers across the day, and the effective wages of workers. We illustrate that several families of currently deployed policies have serious limitations. We find these limitations exist because the policies do not let workers fully express their preferences and/or cannot account for heterogeneity in such preferences. We propose a new allocation policy and establish strong performance guarantees with respect to both the workers’ supply and effective wages. The policy is simple and fully leverages the market information to reach better market outcomes. We supplement our theory with numerical experiments in the context of ride-hailing calibrated on various New York City data sets that illustrate performance across a range of markets. Managerial implications: We highlight a fundamental inefficiency of policies currently deployed that limit workers’ ability to express their preferences. By allowing workers to express their temporal preferences, and by judiciously prioritizing “full-time” workers over “part-time” workers, we can obtain a potentially significant Pareto improvement, maintaining (or even increasing) workers’ supply while increasing their effective wages. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0414 .
Midwifery students' experiences of learning to be ‘with woman’: a scoping review
Authors: Guerin Ashlee , Geraghty Sadie , McChlery Sheena , Byrne Mary 
Published: August 2024

Background/Aims Being ‘with woman’ is a fundamental concept of midwifery and profoundly impacts maternal and infant wellbeing and outcomes. Understanding student midwives' experiences is vital in shaping learning strategies for positive and effective student-centred learning outcomes. This scoping review's aims were to gain meaningful insight into existing literature on students' experiences of learning to be ‘with woman’. Methods The scoping review searched the CINAHL, PubMed, AusHealth, Medline and PsycInfo databases in July 2023, October 2023 and April 2024. The search included qualitative and quantitative research studies published in English between 2018 and 2024. Articles were screened for eligibility by title, abstract and full-text review by three reviewers. Results A total of 1172 articles were screened, with nine articles included in the review from various countries. Key themes identified were ‘continuity of care’, ‘partnership with woman’, ‘preceptor and practitioner impact’ and ‘context and contrast’. Conclusions Limited literature exists to explore and provide an understanding of the learning experiences and outcomes of midwifery students providing woman-centred care and developing a midwifery philosophy to be ‘with woman’.
Proximal humeral fractures with vascular compromise
Authors: Kriechling Philipp , Whitefield Reiss , Makaram Navnit S. , Brown Iain D. M. , Mackenzie Samuel P. , Robinson C. M. 
Published: August 2024

AimsVascular compromise due to arterial injury is a rare but serious complication of a proximal humeral fracture. The aims of this study were to report its incidence in a large urban population, and to identify clinical and radiological factors which are associated with this complication. We also evaluated the results of the use of our protocol for the management of these injuries.MethodsA total of 3,497 adult patients with a proximal humeral fracture were managed between January 2015 and December 2022 in a single tertiary trauma centre. Their mean age was 66.7 years (18 to 103) and 2,510 (72%) were female. We compared the demographic data, clinical features, and configuration of those whose fracture was complicated by vascular compromise with those of the remaining patients. The incidence of vascular compromise was calculated from national population data, and predictive factors for its occurrence were investigated using univariate analysis.ResultsA total of 18 patients (0.5%) had a proximal humeral fracture and clinical evidence of vascular compromise, giving an annual incidence of 0.29 per 100,000 of the population. Their mean age was 68.7 years (45 to 92) and ten (56%) were female. Evidence of a mixed pattern neurological deficit (brachial plexus palsy) (odds ratio (OR) 380.6 (95% CI 85.9 to 1,685.8); p < 0.001), complete separation of the proximal shaft from the humeral head with medial displacement (OR 39.5 (95% CI 14.0 to 111.8); p < 0.001), and a fracture-dislocation (OR 5.0 (95% CI 1.6 to 15.3); p = 0.015) were all associated with an increased risk of associated vascular compromise. A policy of reduction and fixation of the fracture prior to vascular surgical intervention had favourable outcomes without vascular sequelae.ConclusionThe classic signs of distal ischaemia are often absent in patients with proximal injuries to major vessels. We were able to identify specific clinical and radiological ‘red flags’ which, particularly when present in combination, should increase the suspicion of a fracture with an associated vascular injury, and facilitate early diagnosis and appropriate combined orthopaedic and vascular intervention.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(8):842–848.
Adjacent venous tumour thrombus in primary osteosarcoma of the pelvis and limbs
Authors: Broida Samuel E. , Sullivan Mikaela H. , Rose Peter S. , Wenger Doris E. , Houdek Matthew T. 
Published: August 2024

AimsVenous tumour thrombus (VTT) is a rare finding in osteosarcoma. Despite the high rate of VTT in osteosarcoma of the pelvis, there are very few descriptions of VTT associated with extrapelvic primary osteosarcoma. We therefore sought to describe the prevalence and presenting features of VTT in osteosarcoma of both the pelvis and the limbs.MethodsRecords from a single institution were retrospectively reviewed for 308 patients with osteosarcoma of the pelvis or limb treated between January 2000 and December 2022. Primary lesions were located in an upper limb (n = 40), lower limb (n = 198), or pelvis (n = 70). Preoperative imaging and operative reports were reviewed to identify patients with thrombi in proximity to their primary lesion. Imaging and histopathology were used to determine presence of tumour within the thrombus.ResultsTumours abutted the blood vessels in 131 patients (43%) and encased the vessels in 30 (10%). Any form of venous thrombus was identified in 31 patients (10%). Overall, 21 of these thrombi were determined to be involved with the tumour based on imaging (n = 9) or histopathology (n = 12). The rate of VTT was 25% for pelvic osteosarcoma and 1.7% for limb osteosarcoma. The most common imaging features associated with histopathologically proven VTT were enhancement with contrast (n = 12; 100%), venous enlargement (n = 10; 83%), vessel encasement (n = 8; 66%), and visible intraluminal osteoid matrix (n = 6; 50%). Disease-specific survival (DSS) for patients with VTT was 95% at 12 months (95% CI 0.87 to 1.00), 50% at three years (95% CI 0.31 to 0.80), and 31% at five years (95% CI 0.14 to 0.71). VTT was associated with worse DSS (hazard ratio 2.3 (95% CI 1.11 to 4.84).ConclusionVTT is rare with osteosarcoma and occurs more commonly in the pelvis than the limbs. Imaging features suggestive of VTT include enhancement with contrast, venous dilation, and vessel encasement. VTT portends a worse prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma, with a similar survivability to metastatic disease.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(8):865–870.
Outcomes after hip fracture surgery in patients receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs alone, acetaminophen alone, or both
Authors: Hatano Masaki , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Ishikura Hisatoshi , Watanabe Hideaki , Tanaka Takeyuki , Tanaka Sakae , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: August 2024

AimsThe use of multimodal non-opioid analgesia in hip fractures, specifically acetaminophen combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), has been increasing. However, the effectiveness and safety of this approach remain unclear. This study aimed to compare postoperative outcomes among patients with hip fractures who preoperatively received either acetaminophen combined with NSAIDs, NSAIDs alone, or acetaminophen alone.MethodsThis nationwide retrospective cohort study used data from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. We included patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent surgery for hip fractures and received acetaminophen combined with NSAIDs (combination group), NSAIDs alone (NSAIDs group), or acetaminophen alone (acetaminophen group) preoperatively, between April 2010 and March 2022. Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and complications. Secondary outcomes were opioid use postoperatively; readmission within 90 days, one year, and two years; and total hospitalization costs. We used propensity score overlap weighting models, with the acetaminophen group as the reference group.ResultsWe identified 93,018 eligible patients, including 13,068 in the combination group, 29,203 in the NSAIDs group, and 50,474 in the acetaminophen group. Propensity score overlap weighting successfully balanced patient characteristics among the three groups, with no significant difference in in-hospital mortality rates observed among the groups (combination group risk difference 0.0% (95% CI -0.5 to 0.4%); NSAIDs group risk difference -0.2% (95% CI -0.5 to 0.2%)). However, the combination group exhibited a significantly lower risk of in-hospital complications than the acetaminophen group (risk difference -1.9% (95% CI -3.2 to -0.6%)) as well as a significantly lower risk of deep vein thrombosis (risk difference -1.4% (95% CI -2.2 to -0.7%)). Furthermore, total hospitalization costs were higher in the NSAIDs group than in the acetaminophen group (difference USD $438 (95% CI 249 to 630); p < 0.001). No significant differences in other secondary outcomes were observed among the three groups.ConclusionThe combination of acetaminophen with NSAIDs appears to be safe and advantageous in terms of reducing in-hospital complications.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(8):849–857.
Strain variation and anomalous climate synergistically influence cholera pandemics
Authors: Rodó Xavier , Bouma Menno Jan , Rodríguez-Arias Miquel-Àngel , Roy Manojit , De Yebra Pau , Petrova Desislava , García-Díez Markel , Pascual Mercedes 
Published: August 2024

Background
Explanations for the genesis and propagation of cholera pandemics since 1817 have remained elusive. Evolutionary pathogen change is presumed to have been a dominant factor behind the 7th “El Tor” pandemic, but little is known to support this hypothesis for preceding pandemics. The role of anomalous climate in facilitating strain replacements has never been assessed. The question is of relevance to guide the understanding of infectious disease emergence today and in the context of climate change.

Methodology/principal findings
We investigate the roles of climate and putative strain variation for the 6th cholera pandemic (1899–1923) using newly assembled historical records for climate variables and cholera deaths in provinces of former British India. We compare this historical pandemic with the 7th (El Tor) one and with the temporary emergence of the O139 strain in Bangladesh and globally. With statistical methods for nonlinear time series analysis, we examine the regional synchrony of outbreaks and associations of the disease with regional temperature and rainfall, and with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). To establish future expectations and evaluate climate anomalies accompanying historical strain replacements, climate projections are generated with multi-model climate simulations for different 50-year periods.
The 6th cholera pandemic featured the striking synchronisation of cholera outbreaks over Bengal during the El Niño event of 1904–07, following the invasion of the Bombay Presidency with a delay of a few years. Accompanying anomalous weather conditions are similar to those related to ENSO during strain replacements and pandemic expansions into Africa and South America in the late 20th century. Rainfall anomalies of 1904–05 at the beginning of the large cholera anomaly fall in the 99th percentile of simulated changes for the regional climate.

Conclusions/significance
Evolutionary pathogen change can act synergistically with climatic conditions in the emergence and propagation of cholera strains. Increased climate variability and extremes under global warming provide windows of opportunity for emerging pathogens.
Comparing adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in adolescent versus adult mothers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Onuzo Chibuikem N. , Sefogah Promise E. , Damale Nelson K. , Boafor Theodore K. , Swarray-Deen Alim , Mumuni Kareem 
Published: August 2024

Objective
Adolescent pregnancy is a major social and public health problem that burdens affected families, the communities and societies globally. It has been associated with a higher prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to pregnancy in adults. To compare adverse pregnancy outcomes in adolescents (13–19 years) and those in adults (20 to 35 years) at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, Ghana and investigate the associated factors among adolescents.

Methods
This comparative study involved 110 adolescents (13–19 years) and 220 adults (20 to 35 years) who delivered at the Maternity Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital between November 2016 and February 2017. Participants were recruited using the convenience sampling method. After study protocol was explained to the parturient, informed voluntary consent and assent were obtained. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were recruited in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, antenatal and delivery records; and maternal and perinatal outcomes were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and the participants’ records. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0.

Results
The prevalence of adolescent pregnancies during the study period was 5.1%. Compared to adults, adolescents were about 3 times more likely to have eclampsia although preeclampsia occurred more in adults. Adolescents that resided in sub-urban dwellings were more likely to have an adverse perinatal outcome compared to their adult counterparts.

Conclusion
Our study found that, in addition to their socioeconomic and biophysical disadvantages, adolescents were likely to have exceptionally high risk of eclampsia.
Chronobiological perspectives: Association between meal timing and sleep quality
Authors: Yan Li-Ming , Li Hai-Jun , Fan Qi , Xue Yi-Dong , Wang Tao 
Published: August 2024

Background
Meal timing has been associated with metabolism and cardiovascular diseases; however, the relationship between meal timing and sleep quality remains inconclusive.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the relationship between meal timing and sleep quality from a chronobiological perspective.

Methods
This study utilized data from the NHANES for the years 2005–2008, including a cohort of 7,023 participants after applying exclusion criteria. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Meal timing was analyzed based on two 24-hour dietary recalls from each individual, considering the timing of the initial and final meals, meal duration, and frequency of meal occasions. Multiple linear regression models and hierarchical analyses were employed to examine the relationship between meal timing and PSQI scores, adjusting for various demographic and habitat covariates.

Results
Statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between delayed meal timings, increased meal occasions, and elevated PSQI scores, indicating that later meal timing are intricately linked with diminished sleep quality. Both later meal timings and more frequent meal occasions were significantly associated with poorer sleep quality. Compared to the first tertile, the β (95%CI) values of the third tertile were 0.545 (0.226, 0.864) for first meal timing, 0.586 (0.277, 0.896) for midpoint meal timing, 0.385 (0.090, 0.680) for last meal timing, and 0.332 (0.021, 0.642) for meal occasions in the adjusted models.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that late initial, midpoint, and final meal timing, as well as more frequent meal occasions, are chrono-nutrition patterns associated with poor sleep quality.