bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of TRPM7 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Malignant Human Glioma Cells
Authors: Leng Tian‐Dong , Li Ming‐Hua , Shen Jian‐Feng , Liu Ming‐Li , Li Xin‐Bo , Sun Hua‐Wei , Branigan Debbie , Zeng Zhao , Si Hong‐Fang , Li Jun , Chen Jeff , Xiong Zhi‐Gang 
Published: December 2014

SummaryBackgroundGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. Despite intensive study on tumor biology, the underlying mechanisms of the unlimited proliferation and progressive local invasion are still poorly understood, and no effective treatment has been developed for GBM patients.AimsWe determine the role of TRPM7 channels in the growth, migration, and infiltration of malignant glioma cells.MethodsUsing a combination of RT‐PCR, Western blot, and patch‐clamp techniques, we demonstrated the expression of functional TRPM7 channels of A172 cells, a human glioma cell line, as well as in human glioma tissues. Furthermore, we evaluated the role of TRPM7 in growth, migration, and infiltration of A172 cells with MTT and transwell migration and invasion assays.ResultsWe showed the expression of functional TRPM7 channels in both A172 cells and human glioma tissues. Suppression of TRPM7 expression with TRPM7‐siRNA dramatically reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of A172 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPM7 channel with 2‐aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2‐APB) showed a similar effect as TRPM7‐siRNA.ConclusionWe demonstrate that human glioma cells express functional TRPM7 channel and that activation of this channel plays an important role in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of malignant glioma cells. TRPM7 channel may represent a novel and promising target for therapeutic intervention of malignant glioma.
The role of catastrophic injury or sudden death of the horse in race‐day jockey falls and injuries inCalifornia, 2007–2012
Authors: Hitchens P. L. , Hill A. E. , Stover S. M. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryReasons for performing studyIf equine conditions with high likelihood of jockey injury can be determined and subsequently prevented, jockey safety can be enhanced.ObjectivesTo identify racehorse injuries or conditions with greatest risk for jockey falls and injuries.Study designRetrospective correlation of race‐day jockey fall and injury data with racehorse fatality data.MethodsThoroughbred (TB) and Quarter Horse (QH) racehorse cause of death and jockey fall and injury data forCalifornia flat races were reviewed for a 6‐year period. Race and jockey race ride population data were used to determine jockey fall and injury incidence rates relative to cause of racehorse death, and were assessed using Poisson regression. Differences in proportions were assessed usingFisher's exact,Pearson's χ2, andCochran–Mantel–Haenszel tests.Results707 racehorses experienced race‐related catastrophic injury or sudden death. 199 jockeys had 601 falls with 325 injuries. Jockeys were 162 times more likely to fall (95% confidence interval 137–192;P<0.001) and 171 times more likely to be injured (95% confidence interval 140–208;P<0.001) when they rode a horse that died in a race. We infer that jockeys were more likely to fall or be injured when riding inQHraces than inTBraces because of a higher incidence of horse fatalities inQHraces. Jockey falls occurred with 24% ofTBand 36% ofQHrace‐related horse fatalities, and jockey injury occurred in 64% of falls. Jockey falls were most common withTBfetlock injuries andQHcarpal, metacarpal and fetlock injuries; and with axial, bilateral and multiple injuries compared with appendicular, unilateral and singular injuries, respectively.ConclusionsPrevention of the most common catastrophic injuries and conditions of the racehorse, e.g. fetlock injuries, may be most effective at decreasing rates of falls and injuries to horseracing jockeys during racing.
Biochemical characterisation of the seed oils of four safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) varieties grown in north‐eastern of Morocco
Authors: Ben Moumen Abdessamad , Mansouri Farid , Richard Gaetan , Abid Malika , Fauconnier Marie‐Laure , Sindic Marianne , El Amrani Ahmed , Serghini Caid Hana 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThe quality of the oil of four safflower varieties, originating from Spain (Rancho), India (Sharda) and Morocco (Cartamar and Cartafri), which were cultivated at the experimental station in Oujda (a semi‐arid region of eastern Morocco) was evaluated through analysis of their phenolic and carotenoid contents. The composition of the phenolic compounds of safflower oil has not yet been documented. Therefore, in this preliminary study, Thirty different phenolic compounds were identified, and significant differences between the oil varieties were observed (P < 0.05). In the seed oil from the Rancho and Sharda safflower varieties, the main phenolic compound was trans‐chalcone, representing 13.45% and 11.8%, respectively, of the total phenolics, whereas in Cartamar and Cartafri oils, naringin accounted for 26.82% and 16.5%, respectively, of the total phenolics. The total carotenoid contents ranged from 1.13 mg kg−1 (Rancho) to 1.34 mg kg−1 (Cartamar and Cartafri). We observed that β‐cryptoxanthin (0.31–0.37 mg kg−1) and β‐carotene (0.3–0.35 mg kg−1) were the predominant carotenoids in all of the safflower oils that were studied.
A Comprehensive Review of School‐Based Body Mass Index Screening Programs and Their Implications for School Health: Do the Controversies Accurately Reflect the Research?
Authors: Ruggieri Dominique G. , Bass Sarah B. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDWhereas legislation for body mass index (BMI) surveillance and screening programs has passed in 25 states, the programs are often subject to ethical debates about confidentiality and privacy, school‐to‐parent communication, and safety and self‐esteem issues for students. Despite this debate, no comprehensive analysis has been completed that compares and contrasts how these issues differentially affect schools, parents, and students.METHODSA keyword search from electronic databases a review of state legislation related to BMI surveillance screening was used to identify relevant literature data focused on surveillance screening policies, BMI report cards, parental perceptions of BMI screenings their child's weight status.RESULTSThis article addresses the gap of previous literature by outlining the ethical considerations and implications that BMI screening programs and report cards have for schools, parents, and students, and links these with outcome studies to address whether these controversies are supported by research.CONCLUSIONSDespite the controversies surrounding these programs, this review shows that they can be valuable for all parties and demonstrates BMI screening programs to be vital to the development of robust school‐based obesity prevention programs and promotion of healthy lifestyles in schools.
Effect of Peg‐interferon α‐2a combined with Adefovir in HBV postpartum women with normal levels of ALT and high levels of HBV DNA
Authors: Lu Junfeng , Zhang Shibin , Liu Yali , Du Xiaofei , Ren Shan , Zhang Hua , Ma Lina , Chen Yue , Chen Xinyue , Shen Chengli 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackground & AimsCurrently, routine antiviral treatment is not recommended for immune‐tolerant subjects with chronic HBV infection. In this study, we assessed the treatment efficacy of combining Peg IFN α‐2a with Adefovir (CPIA) in chronic HBV infected pregnant women with normal levels of ALT and high levels of HBV after delivery.MethodsChronic hepatitis B pregnant women with normal levels of ALT and high levels of HBV DNA were treated with Telbivudine during the third trimester of their pregnancy. After childbirth, based on serological and virological parameters, the patients were either switched to CPIA treatment for 96 weeks or stopped Telbivudine treatment and followed for 48 weeks.ResultsA total of 68 patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty (30/68) of them were switched to CPIA treatment after childbirth, 93.3% (28/30) of them achieved virological response, 56.7% (17/30) achieved HBeAg seroclearance and 26.7% (8/30) cleared HBsAg. The HBV DNA and HBeAg levels before CPIA treatment were negatively associated with HBeAg seroclearance. HBsAg and HBeAg levels in week 12 and week 24 after CPIA treatment were negatively associated with HBsAg seroclearance. Thirty‐eight (38/68) patients did not receive antiviral treatment after childbirth, and none of them had HBeAg or HBsAg clearance.ConclusionHigh rates of viral response and clearance were achieved in chronic hepatitis B pregnant woman with normal levels of ALT and high levels of HBV DNA treated by CPIA after childbirth. (231 words).
Descriptive epidemiology of children hospitalized for inflammatory bowel disease in Japan: Inpatient database analysis
Authors: Takeuchi Masato , Tomomasa Takeshi , Yasunaga Hideo , Horiguchi Hiromasa , Fushimi Kiyohide 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) – Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) – are chronic inflammatory disorders of the intestine. Patients with IBD are at risk of hospitalization for disease exacerbation or IBD‐associated complications. In the pediatric population, however, there are limited data on IBD hospitalizations. We therefore investigated the descriptive epidemiology of hospitalizations relevant to pediatric IBD.MethodsThe national inpatient claims database in Japan was searched for children (≤18 years old) with a diagnosis of IBD. The study period was 2007–2010. Data on demographic characteristics and descriptive statistics of the hospital course were extracted and analyzed.ResultsA total of 3559 admissions of 2175 patients met the definition of pediatric IBD: there were 1999 admissions for CD and 1560 admissions for UC. Internists were responsible for patient care in 56.6% of admissions, followed by pediatricians (27.5%). Of 3559 admissions, unscheduled hospitalizations accounted for 79.7%, and 7.6% of hospitalizations were attributable to complications of IBD, including intestinal, extraintestinal and other manifestations. The median age at first admission was 16 years (IQR, 13–17 years), in both the CD and UC groups. Compared with UC patients, CD patients had a higher number of hospitalizations (P < 0.001), but hospital stay was shorter (median: 6 vs 16 days, P < 0.001). There were seven fatal cases of IBD, accounting for 0.32% in the present series, and sepsis was the cause in five.ConclusionsThis study provides a description of pediatric inpatients with IBD and their hospital course in Japan.
Investigation of Structural, Magnetic, and Optical Properties of ZnO Codoped with Co and Cd
Authors: Mustafa Lubna , Anjum Safia , Waseem Salma , Zia Rehana , Choudhry Rameesha , Ramay Shahid M. , Mahmood Asif , Atiq Shahid , Khan Salah Ud-Din 
Published: November 2014

Co and Cd have been codoped in ZnO using a simple solid state reaction technique to synthesize dilute magnetic oxide semiconductors of composition Zn0.9Co0.1−xCdxO (x = 0.0-0.1with an increment of 0.02). Hexagonal wurtzite structure has been obtained for samples up tox = 0.06, using X-ray diffractometry. However, atx = 0.08and 0.1, secondary peak of CdO is observed. Raman spectra of the samples have been obtained in 200–800 cm−1range. UV-VIS spectrophotometer is used to study the optical properties, which shows that band gap energy decreases with the increase in Cd concentration. A weak ferromagnetic behavior was evident which decreased further by adding Cd in the series. Room temperature resistivity measurements performed using four-point probe technique showed that their values lie in the semiconductor range. Structural morphology of the samples has been investigated by a scanning electron microscope and grain size has been determined. Raman spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the successful incorporation of Co and Cd ions into the host ZnO lattice.
Safety and Preliminary Evidence of Biologic Efficacy of a Mammaglobin-A DNA Vaccine in Patients with Stable Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Tiriveedhi Venkataswarup , Tucker Natalia , Herndon John , Li Lijin , Sturmoski Mark , Ellis Matthew , Ma Cynthia , Naughton Michael , Lockhart A. Craig , Gao Feng , Fleming Timothy , Goedegebuure Peter , Mohanakumar Thalachallour , Gillanders William E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPurpose: Mammaglobin-A (MAM-A) is overexpressed in 40% to 80% of primary breast cancers. We initiated a phase I clinical trial of a MAM-A DNA vaccine to evaluate its safety and biologic efficacy.Experimental Design: Patients with breast cancer with stable metastatic disease were eligible for enrollment. Safety was monitored with clinical and laboratory assessments. The CD8 T-cell response was measured by ELISPOT, flow cytometry, and cytotoxicity assays. Progression-free survival (PFS) was described using the Kaplan–Meier product limit estimator.Results: Fourteen subjects have been treated with the MAM-A DNA vaccine and no significant adverse events have been observed. Eight of 14 subjects were HLA-A2+, and the CD8 T-cell response to vaccination was studied in detail. Flow cytometry demonstrated a significant increase in the frequency of MAM-A–specific CD8 T cells after vaccination (0.9% ± 0.5% vs. 3.8% ± 1.2%; P &lt; 0.001), and ELISPOT analysis demonstrated an increase in the number of MAM-A–specific IFNγ-secreting T cells (41 ± 32 vs. 215 ± 67 spm; P &lt; 0.001). Although this study was not powered to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS), preliminary evidence suggests that subjects treated with the MAM-A DNA vaccine had improved PFS compared with subjects who met all eligibility criteria, were enrolled in the trial, but were not vaccinated because of HLA phenotype.Conclusion: The MAM-A DNA vaccine is safe, capable of eliciting MAM-A–specific CD8 T-cell responses, and preliminary evidence suggests improved PFS. Additional studies are required to define the potential of the MAM-A DNA vaccine for breast cancer prevention and/or therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 20(23); 5964–75. ©2014 AACR.
Real-time Functional Architecture of Visual Word Recognition
Authors: Whiting Caroline , Shtyrov Yury , Marslen-Wilson William 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Despite a century of research into visual word recognition, basic questions remain unresolved about the functional architecture of the process that maps visual inputs from orthographic analysis onto lexical form and meaning and about the units of analysis in terms of which these processes are conducted. Here we use magnetoencephalography, supported by a masked priming behavioral study, to address these questions using contrasting sets of simple (walk), complex (swimmer), and pseudo-complex (corner) forms. Early analyses of orthographic structure, detectable in bilateral posterior temporal regions within a 150–230 msec time frame, are shown to segment the visual input into linguistic substrings (words and morphemes) that trigger lexical access in left middle temporal locations from 300 msec. These are primarily feedforward processes and are not initially constrained by lexical-level variables. Lexical constraints become significant from 390 msec, in both simple and complex words, with increased processing of pseudowords and pseudo-complex forms. These results, consistent with morpho-orthographic models based on masked priming data, map out the real-time functional architecture of visual word recognition, establishing basic feedforward processing relationships between orthographic form, morphological structure, and lexical meaning.
Grasping with the Press of a Button: Grasp-selective Responses in the Human Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus Depend on Nonarbitrary Causal Relationships between Hand Movements and End-effector Actions
Authors: Frey Scott H. , Hansen Marc , Marchal Noah 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Evidence implicates ventral parieto-premotor cortices in representing the goal of grasping independent of the movements or effectors involved [Umilta, M. A., Escola, L., Intskirveli, I., Grammont, F., Rochat, M., Caruana, F., et al. When pliers become fingers in the monkey motor system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 105, 2209–2213, 2008; Tunik, E., Frey, S. H., & Grafton, S. T. Virtual lesions of the anterior intraparietal area disrupt goal-dependent on-line adjustments of grasp. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 505–511, 2005]. Modern technologies that enable arbitrary causal relationships between hand movements and tool actions provide a strong test of this hypothesis. We capitalized on this unique opportunity by recording activity with fMRI during tasks in which healthy adults performed goal-directed reach and grasp actions manually or by depressing buttons to initiate these same behaviors in a remotely located robotic arm (arbitrary causal relationship). As shown previously [Binkofski, F., Dohle, C., Posse, S., Stephan, K. M., Hefter, H., Seitz, R. J., et al. Human anterior intraparietal area subserves prehension: A combined lesion and functional MRI activation study. Neurology, 50, 1253–1259, 1998], we detected greater activity in the vicinity of the anterior intraparietal sulcus (aIPS) during manual grasp versus reach. In contrast to prior studies involving tools controlled by nonarbitrarily related hand movements [Gallivan, J. P., McLean, D. A., Valyear, K. F., & Culham, J. C. Decoding the neural mechanisms of human tool use. Elife, 2, e00425, 2013; Jacobs, S., Danielmeier, C., & Frey, S. H. Human anterior intraparietal and ventral premotor cortices support representations of grasping with the hand or a novel tool. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22, 2594–2608, 2010], however, responses within the aIPS and premotor cortex exhibited no evidence of selectivity for grasp when participants employed the robot. Instead, these regions showed comparable increases in activity during both the reach and grasp conditions. Despite equivalent sensorimotor demands, the right cerebellar hemisphere displayed greater activity when participants initiated the robot's actions versus when they pressed a button known to be nonfunctional and watched the very same actions undertaken autonomously. This supports the hypothesis that the cerebellum predicts the forthcoming sensory consequences of volitional actions [Blakemore, S. J., Frith, C. D., & Wolpert, D. M. The cerebellum is involved in predicting the sensory consequences of action. NeuroReport, 12, 1879–1884, 2001]. We conclude that grasp-selective responses in the human aIPS and premotor cortex depend on the existence of nonarbitrary causal relationships between hand movements and end-effector actions.
To “bee” or not to be—on some ornamental shrimp from Guangdong Province, Southern China and Hong Kong SAR, with descriptions of three new species
Authors: KLOTZ WERNER , VON RINTELEN THOMAS 
Published: December 2014

Several atyid specimens were collected from hill streams in Guangdong Province, Southern China and Hong Kong during fieldtrips between 2004 and 2013. Some of these species, most of them also sold as ornamental pet shrimp in the international aquarium trade, proved to be new to science by morphological observation and analysis of mtDNA sequences. Three new species, Caridina logemanni n. sp., Caridina mariae n. sp. and Caridina conghuensis n. sp., all of them members of the so called Caridina serrata species group (Cai & Ng 1999) are described in detail below. Caridina tumida Wang, Liang & Li, 2008 is synonymised with Caridina venusta Wang, Liang & Li, 2008. Caridina meridionalis Wang, Liang & Li, 2008 is moved to the genus Paracaridina Liang, Guo & Tang, 1999 and synonymised with Paracaridina zijinica Liang, 2002. New records for Caridina trifasciata Yam & Cai, 2003 and Caridina serrata Stimpson, 1860 are recorded. All species are compared to their morphologically closest congeners and the phylogenetic relationships between atyid shrimps from Southern China are shown.
Pathways, Volume Transport, and Mixing of Abyssal Water in the Samoan Passage
Authors: Voet Gunnar , Girton James B. , Alford Matthew H. , Carter Glenn S. , Klymak Jody M. , Mickett John B. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe flow of dense water through the Samoan Passage accounts for the major part of the bottom water renewal in the North Pacific and is thus an important element of the Pacific meridional overturning circulation. A recent set of highly resolved measurements used CTD/LADCP, a microstructure profiler, and moorings to constrain the complex pathways and variability of the abyssal flow. Volume transport estimates for the dense northward current at several sections across the passage, calculated using direct velocity measurements from LADCPs, range from 3.9 × 106 to 6.0 × 106 ± 1 × 106 m3 s−1. The deep channel to the east and shallower pathways to the west carried about equal amounts of this volume transport, with the densest water flowing along the main eastern channel. Turbulent dissipation rates estimated from Thorpe scales and direct microstructure agree to within a factor of 2 and provide a region-averaged value of O(10−8) W kg−1 for layers colder than 0.8°C. Associated diapycnal diffusivities and downward turbulent heat fluxes are about 5 × 10−3 m2 s−1 and O(10) W m−2, respectively. However, heat budgets suggest heat fluxes 2–6 times greater. In the vicinity of one of the major sills of the passage, highly resolved Thorpe-inferred diffusivity and heat flux were over 10 times larger than the region-averaged values, suggesting the mismatch is likely due to undersampled mixing hotspots.
Secondary Cyclogenesis along an Occluded Front Leading to Damaging Wind Gusts: Windstorm Kyrill, January 2007
Authors: Ludwig Patrick , Pinto Joaquim G. , Hoepp Simona A. , Fink Andreas H. , Gray Suzanne L. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Windstorm Kyrill affected large parts of Europe in January 2007 and caused widespread havoc and loss of life. In this study the formation of a secondary cyclone, Kyrill II, along the occluded front of the mature cyclone Kyrill and the occurrence of severe wind gusts as Kyrill II passed over Germany are investigated with the help of high-resolution regional climate model simulations. Kyrill underwent an explosive cyclogenesis south of Greenland as the storm crossed poleward of an intense upper-level jet stream. Later in its life cycle secondary cyclogenesis occurred just west of the British Isles. The formation of Kyrill II along the occluded front was associated (i) with frontolytic strain and (ii) with strong diabatic heating in combination with a developing upper-level shortwave trough. Sensitivity studies with reduced latent heat release feature a similar development but a weaker secondary cyclone, revealing the importance of diabatic processes during the formation of Kyrill II. Kyrill II moved farther toward Europe and its development was favored by a split jet structure aloft, which maintained the cyclone’s exceptionally deep core pressure (below 965 hPa) for at least 36 h. The occurrence of hurricane-force winds related to the strong cold front over north and central Germany is analyzed using convection-permitting simulations. The lower troposphere exhibits conditional instability, a turbulent flow, and evaporative cooling. Simulation at high spatiotemporal resolution suggests that the downward mixing of high momentum (the wind speed at 875 hPa widely exceeded 45 m s−1) accounts for widespread severe surface wind gusts, which is in agreement with observed widespread losses.