bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term effects of sunlight exposure on fundus blood flow perfusion in children: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhao Lingyi , Zhang Bo , Wang Jingjing , Yang Jinliuxing , Du Linlin , Wang Tianxiao , Xu Xun , He Xiangui , Chen Jun 
Published: July 2024

Aim
To evaluate the short-term effects of different sunlight exposure on fundus blood flow perfusion (BFP) after near work.

Methods
In this parallel randomised controlled trial, 81 students aged 7–15 with spherical equivalent refraction between −2.00 and +3.00 diopters were randomly assigned to either a low-illuminance (4k lux) group (N=40) or high-illuminance (10k lux) (N=41). Following 1 hour indoor reading, participants had sunlight exposure matching their group’s intensity for 15 minutes. BFPs in the superficial retina, deep retina and choroid were measured at four time points: pre-reading, post-reading, 5th-minute and 15th-minute sunlight exposure.

Results
Within the initial 5 minutes of sunlight exposure, the 10k lux group showed a tendency for decreased BFP, particularly in the choroid (superficial retina: −0.2, 95% CI −0.9 to 0.5; deep retina: −0.1, 95% CI −0.6 to 0.4; choroid: −0.4, 95% CI −0.8 to 0.0), while the 4k lux group exhibited an increase (superficial retina: 0.7, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.3; deep retina: 0.3, 95% CI −0.2 to 0.8; choroid: 0.1, 95% CI −0.2 to 0.5). From 5 to 15 minutes, BFP decreased in both groups. At the 5th-minute mark, the 10k lux group exhibited a greater decrease in choroid (10k −0.4 vs 4k 0.1, p=0.051). No significant difference was observed after 15 minutes of exposure.

Conclusion
Higher illuminance sunlight exposure can restore fundus BFP more rapidly than lower; however, duration remains pivotal. To prevent myopia, continuous sunlight exposure for over 15 minutes is recommended to aid in reinstating the fundus BFP increased by near work.

Trial registration number

NCT05594732
.
Centering the female athlete voice in a sports science research agenda: a modified Delphi survey with Team USA athletes
Authors: McCleery Julie , Diamond Ellie , Kelly Rose , Li Longxi , Ackerman Kathryn E , Adams William M , Kraus Emily 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo co-construct a sports medicine and exercise science research and translational agenda with Team USA elite female athletes serving as the experts on their health, performance and well-being.Methods40 Team USA female athletes across sports disciplines participated in an online, anonymous, modified Delphi survey by ranking topics on a Likert scale (1=‘strongly disagree’ and 5=‘strongly agree’) and providing qualitative justification regarding whether they believed having more information and research on each topic would support their athletic performance, health and well-being. After each Delphi round, quantitative rankings of topics and qualitative justifications were analysed, informing revisions to the list of topics for review in the subsequent round. Researchers provided athletes with a detailed report of findings and revisions following each round.ResultsThe final list contained 14 ranked topics. The top five were menstrual cycle symptoms (4.58±0.74), recovery (4.58±0.59), birth control (4.55±0.89), mental health (4.50±0.55) and fueling and the menstrual cycle (4.43±0.74). New topics originating from athletes included recovery, menstrual cycle symptoms, fueling and the menstrual cycle, mental health and sports performance, team dynamics, and institutionalised sexism.ConclusionThis is the first study to co-construct a research and translational agenda with Team USA elite female athletes. The list of sports science research topics developed by focusing on elite female athletes’ voices lays the foundation for future research and provides valuable insight into the specific needs of female athletes.
Open Repair of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Bony Avulsion With Metal Anchor: A Case Report
Authors: Bonaspetti Giovanni , Tonolini Stefano , Dib Giovanni , Piovani Alessia 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is the largest and strongest intra‐articular ligament of the knee joint and the primary posterior stabilizer. PCL injuries are less frequent than other knee ligament injuries and are typically combined with meniscal and chondral injuries or in the context of multiligamentous injuries. It is critical to properly diagnose and treat these lesions in order to avoid the risk of PCL insufficiency, subsequent knee instability, and early osteoarthritis. Surgical management can vary, and the ideal fixation device is still debated. Suture anchors are an unusual mean of fixation of PCL tibial bony avulsion. We report on two patients treated with open anchor fixation for PCL tibial bony avulsion with a follow‐up of 3 years.Case Presentation: A 15‐year‐old male and a 65‐year‐old male were treated with open anchor fixation for bony tibial avulsion of the PCL. Surgical treatment was performed at 5 weeks and 3 weeks after the trauma, respectively. Diagnosis was made with an X‐ray followed by CT and MR scans. Repair was achieved by reinserting the PCL bony fragment to its posterior tibial eminence with suture anchors through an open posterior approach. Both patients recovered full knee stability and a pain‐free full range of motion (ROM) within 4 months and returned to their previous activities with a high satisfaction. The patient has been followed up for 3 years, and no complications were observed.Conclusion: PCL bony avulsions are rare, and their optimal treatment remains a significant subject of debate, particularly in the skeletally immature patient. We believe that open repair with metal anchors could be a good choice to repair PCL bony tibial avulsion in patients without concomitant intra‐articular lesions and immature growth plates or severe fragmentation.
The Skull of the Syntax: On Translating Eisenstein's Capital Diaries
Authors: Kunichika Michael 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The author discusses his translation of Sergei Eisenstein's Capital Diaries, focusing on such topics as Eisenstein's reflections on his own writing, the context of literary modernism in which he wrote, and the strains on psyche and syntax that the diaries reveal. It discusses the range of literary sources that Eisenstein made use of in the diaries, in particular the works of James Joyce and Velimir Khlebnikov. Also discussed are the challenges of translating the diaries, which constitute, all at once, a record of daily life, a series of cultural and political critiques, and a compendium of material the Soviet filmmaker planned to use in his (ultimately unrealized) film based on Karl Marx's Das Kapital. The diaries served as a workshop for refining various concepts and methods such as montage and dialectical thinking, and this too is addressed.
The Capital Diaries: A New Selection
Authors: Eisenstein Sergei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Almost fifty years after the first publication of Sergei Eisenstein's “Notes for a Film of Capital” in the pages of October, “The Capital Diaries: A New Selection” presents extensive new extracts from the Soviet filmmaker's notebooks from 1927 and 1928, drawing from over five hundred pages of notes, images, press clippings, drawings, and diagrams in which Eisenstein puzzles over his (unrealized) film based on Karl Marx's Das Kapital. This new selection emphasizes the experimental, diaristic, and proto-cinematic character of the material to present both a fuller sense of Eisenstein's work on the film and the central use of images to the process. What emerges is an autotheoretical experiment involving psychoanalysis (including the filmmaker's own), “intellectual attractions,” typage (non-professional actors), the film October, and the many ways in which James Joyce's Ulysses, especially the “inner monologue,” served as creative resources and experimental instruments for the Capital project.
East African Megacity Air Quality: Rationale and Framework for a Measurement and Modeling Program
Authors: Bililign Solomon , Brown Steven S. , Westervelt Daniel M. , Kumar Rajesh , Tang Wenfu , Flocke Frank , Vizuete William , Ture Kassahun , Pope Francis D. , Demoz Belay , Asa-Awuku Akua , Levelt Pieternel F. , Kalisa Egide , Raheja Garima , Ndyabakira Alex , Gatari Michael J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Air pollution in Africa is a significant public health issue responsible for 1.1 million premature deaths annually. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest rate of population growth and urbanization of any region in the world, with substantial potential for future emission growth and worsening air quality. Accurate and extensive observations of meteorology and atmospheric composition have underpinned successful air pollution mitigation strategies in the Global North, yet Africa in general and East Africa in particular remain among the most sparsely observed regions in the world. This paper is based on the discussion of these issues during two international workshops, one held virtually in the United States in July 2021 and one in Kigali, Rwanda, in January 2023. The workshops were designed to develop a measurement, capacity building, and collaboration strategy to improve air quality-relevant measurements, modeling, and data availability in East Africa. This paper frames the relevant scientific needs and describes the requirements for training and infrastructure development for an integrated observing and modeling strategy that includes partnerships between East African scientists and organizations and their counterparts in the developed world.
On the Size Dependence in the Recent Time-Dependent Theory of Tropical Cyclone Intensification
Authors: Li Yuanlong , Wang Yuqing , Tan Zhe-Min 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Previous observational studies have shown that the intensification rate (IR) of a tropical cyclone (TC) is often correlated with its real-time size. However, no any size parameter explicitly appears in the recent time-dependent theory of TC intensification, while the theory can still well capture the intensity evolution of simulated TCs. This study provides a detailed analysis to address how TC real-time size affects its intensification and why no size parameter explicitly appears in the theory based on the results from axisymmetric numerical simulations. The results show that the overall correlation between the TC IR and real-time size as reported in previous observational studies, in terms of both the radius of maximum wind (RMW) and the radius of 17 m s−1 wind (R17), is largely related to the correlation between the IR and intensity because the size and intensity are highly interrelated. As a result, the correlation between the TC IR and size for a given intensity is rather weak. Diagnostic analysis shows that the TC real-time size (RMW and R17) has two opposing effects on intensification. A larger TC size tends to result in a higher steady-state intensity but reduce the conversion efficiency of thermodynamic energy to inner-core kinetic energy or the degree of moist neutrality of the eyewall ascent for a given intensity. The former is favorable, while the latter is unfavorable for intensification. The two effects are implicitly included in the theory and largely offset, resulting in the weak dependence of the IR on TC size for a given intensity.
Intercropping improves faba bean photosynthesis and reduces disease caused by Fusarium commune and cinnamic acid-induced stress
Authors: Yang Wenhao , Zhang Zhenyu , Yuan Tingting , Li Yu , Zhao Qian , Dong Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModern intensive cropping systems often contribute to the accumulation of phenolic acids in the soil, which promotes the development of soilborne diseases. This can be suppressed by intercropping. This study analyzed the effects of intercropping on Fusarium wilt based on its effect on photosynthesis under stress by the combination of Fusarium commune and cinnamic acid. The control was not inoculated with F. commune, while the faba bean plants (Vicia faba L.) were inoculated with this pathogen in the other treatments. The infected plants were also treated with cinnamic acid. This study examined the development of Fusarium wilt together with its effects on the leaves, absorption of nutrients, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, contents of photosynthetic pigments, activities of photosynthetic enzymes, gas exchange parameters, and the photosynthetic assimilates of faba bean from monocropping and intercropping systems. Under monocropping conditions, the leaves of the plants inoculated with F. commune grew significantly less, and there was enhanced occurrence of the Fusarium wilt compared with the control. Compared with the plants solely inoculated with F. commune, the exogenous addition of cinnamic acid to the infected plants significantly further reduced the growth of faba bean leaves and increased the occurrence of Fusarium wilt. A comparison of the combination of F. commune and cinnamic acid in intercropped wheat and faba bean compared with monocropping showed that intercropping improved the absorption of nutrients, increased photosynthetic pigments and its contents, electron transport, photosynthetic enzymes, and photosynthetic assimilates. The combination of these factors reduced the occurrence of Fusarium wilt in faba bean and increased the growth of its leaves. These results showed that intercropping improved the photosynthesis, which promoted the growth of faba bean, thus, reducing the development of Fusarium wilt following the stress of infection by F. commune and cinnamic acid. This research should provide more information to enhance sustainable agriculture.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the PP2C gene family in Apocynum venetum and Apocynum hendersonii
Authors: Chen Jiayi , Wang Yue , Wu Yongmei , Huang Xiaoyu , Qiu Xiaojun , Chen Jikang , Lin Qian , Zhao Haohan , Chen Fengming , Gao Gang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Protein phosphatase class 2 C (PP2C) is the largest protein phosphatase family in plants. Members of the PP2C gene family are involved in a variety of physiological pathways in plants, including the abscisic acid signalling pathway, the regulation of plant growth and development, etc., and are capable of responding to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses, and play an important role in plant growth, development, and response to stress. Apocynum is a perennial persistent herb, divided into Apocynum venetum and Apocynum hendersonii. It mainly grows in saline soil, deserts and other harsh environments, and is widely used in saline soil improvement, ecological restoration, textiles and medicine. A. hendersonii was found to be more tolerant to adverse conditions. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the PP2C gene family and its expression pattern under salt stress and to identify important candidate genes related to salt tolerance.

Results
In this study, 68 AvPP2C genes and 68 AhPP2C genes were identified from the genomes of A. venetum and A. hendersonii, respectively. They were classified into 13 subgroups based on their phylogenetic relationships and were further analyzed for their subcellular locations, gene structures, conserved structural domains, and cis-acting elements. The results of qRT-PCR analyses of seven AvPP2C genes and seven AhPP2C genes proved that they differed significantly in gene expression under salt stress. It has been observed that the PP2C genes in A. venetum and A. hendersonii exhibit different expression patterns. Specifically, AvPP2C2, 6, 24, 27, 41 and AhPP2C2, 6, 24, 27, 42 have shown significant differences in expression under salt stress. This indicates that these genes may play a crucial role in the salt tolerance mechanism of A. venetum and A. hendersonii.

Conclusions
In this study, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the AvPP2C and AhPP2C gene families in Apocynum, which provided a reference for further understanding the functional characteristics of these genes.
Rapid diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis from lung puncture sample using metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a case report
Authors: Zhou Chuanlin , Li Chunhong , Deng Zhenfeng , Yan Xuexin , Feng Li , Yang Zhen , Lu Yanyan , Shi Yinglong , Wang Ke , Luo Jing , Kong Jinliang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by the larval forms of Echinococcus multilocularis, is a zoonotic disease affecting the liver, lungs, lymph nodes, kidneys, brain, bones, thyroid, and other organs. Diagnosing AE in a non-endemic area is usually challenging. With the rapid development and increasing application of sequencing techniques in recent years, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has become a powerful tool for diagnosing rare infectious diseases.

Case Presentation
A 45-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for the presence of pulmonary shadows for more than 3 months. The lung computed tomography (CT) at a local hospital revealed scattered solid and quasi-circular nodules in the left upper lobe, left lower lobe, right middle lobe, and right lower lobe. The largest nodule was located in the dorsal part of the right lung, measuring 2.0 × 1.7 × 1.5 cm. Moreover, abdominal CT revealed one space-occupying lesion each in the left and right lobes. The pathological analysis of the lung biopsy specimen revealed infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils in the alveolar wall and interstitial area. No pathogenic bacteria were observed in the sputum smear and culture tests. There were no parasite eggs in the stool. The mNGS of the lung puncture tissue revealed 6156 sequence reads matching E. multilocularis; thus, the condition was diagnosed as AE. Albendazole 400 mg was administered twice daily, and the patient was stable during follow-up.

Conclusion
This case emphasizes the role of mNGS in diagnosing AE. As a novel, sensitive, and accurate diagnostic method, mNGS could be an attractive approach for facilitating early diagnosis and prompt treatment of infectious diseases, especially when the infection was caused by rare pathogens.
One-year survival of patients admitted for sepsis to intensive care units in Colombia
Authors: Oliveros Henry , Tuta-Quintero Eduardo , Piñeros Mariana , Guesguan Alexander , Reyes Luis F. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is a frequent cause of admission to intensive care units (ICUs). High mortality rates are estimated globally, and in our country, few studies have reported one-year survival. The objective of this study is to determine one-year survival in patients with sepsis admitted to the ICU in Colombia, compared with the survival of patients admitted for other conditions.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study using administrative databases from the Ministry of Health of Colombia. One-year survival and the adjusted hazard ratio for survival, adjusted for comorbidities included in the Charlson Index, were determined using a Cox proportional hazards model for patients admitted for other causes as well as for those admitted for sepsis. This was then compared with an inverse propensity score weighting model.

Results
A total of 116.407 patients were initially admitted to the ICUs, with 12.056 (10.36%) diagnosed with sepsis. Within the first year, 4.428 (36.73%) patients died due to sepsis. Age and male gender were associated with an increased risk of death from sepsis, and the covariates associated with one-year mortality were as follows: age over 80 years with HR 9.91 (95% CI: 9.22–10.65), renal disease with HR 3.16 (95% CI: 3.03–3.29), primary tumoral disease with HR 2.07 (95% CI: 1.92–2.23), liver disease with HR 2.27 (95% CI: 2.07–2.50), and metastatic solid tumor with HR 2.03 (95% CI: 1.92–2.15).

Conclusion
This study revealed a high one-year sepsis mortality rate in the population, associated with variables such as age over 80 years, the presence of renal disease, liver disease, connective tissue diseases, and cancer. Men exhibited higher mortality compared to women.
Dermotoscope assisted diagnosis of adolescent bullous pilomatricoma: six case reports
Authors: Liu Junru , Liu Xiaojie , Qu Yan , Zhang Shuqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPilomatricoma (PM) is a cutaneous benign neoplasm derived from the hair matrix. It clinically presents as a solitary and firm nodule overlying normal epidermis and is usually not easy to be noticed at early stage. Nevertheless, when special bullous lesion occurs in a short time or even ulcerates, preoperative diagnosis by a dermatologist is often challenging especially when the pediatric patients refuse biopsy.Case presentationWe present six bullous PM cases and particularly conduct correlation analysis on the dermotoscopy and histopathology detection data. The basic information, medical history, symptoms and lesion morphology results of the patients were also provided. We found that the incidence of bullous PM was higher in females than in males, and most patients were adolescents and the predilection location seem to be consistent in the vaccine injection site. The dermatoscopic features of bullous PM reported were luminous yellow structure below, with gray-blue homogeneous areas and branched capillary. The histological features were consistent with PM, and evident epidermis bullae were above the tumor with extraordinary dilation of lymphangion in the upper dermis. The patients described in this study were Chinese patients in Han population included 4 females and 2 males, coincidentally, they are almost teen-age, respectively are 5,11,17,19,21,22 year-old.ConclusionsThis study reported and analyzed the dermotoscopy and clinical characteristics of bullous PM, dermotoscopy may guide as a rapid and reliable technique in bullous PM diagnosis.