bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-Density Lipoprotein as a Therapeutic Target: Treatment Strategies
Authors: Chowdhury MAU , Ali SY , Rahman MM , Islam AEMM , Islam AKMM 
Published: October 2012

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite considerable therapeutic advances that control the risk factors. Numerous clinical trials have shown an inverse association between high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the risk of coronary artery disease. So, high density lipoprotein has become a new therapeutic target after low density lipoprotein in the management of risk factors of coronary artery disease. In this review, we explore existing and future treatment strategies along with their benefits and failures which will guide our management strategy. HDL raising therapies showed very promising results in many clinical trials but larger clinical trials are ongoing DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12277 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 73-80
New Hope for Resistant Hypertention
Authors: Rahman Z , Karmaker KK , Ahmed M , Aziz M , Chowdhury S , Datta B 
Published: October 2012

Hypertension is a major public health problem. Despite the increasing awareness of hypertension and its implications among patients and treating physicians, the prevalence of resistant hypertension remains high.Resistant hypertension define as blood pressure that remains elevated above treatment goals despite administration of an optimal three drug regimen that include a diuretic1 The prevalence of resistant hypertension is projected to increase, owing to the aging population and increasing trends in obesity, sleep apnea, and chronic kidney disease. It is estimated that at least 10% of all patients with hypertension are resistant to existing drugs. Management of resistant hypertension must begin with a careful evaluation of the patient to confirm the diagnosis and exclude factors associated with pseudo-resistance, such as improper BP measurement technique, the white-coat effect, and poor patient adherence to life-style and/or antihypertensive medications. Despite the use of the appropriate dose and type of diuretic to overcome the management of resistant hypertension, we cant achieve our goal. But there is at least two devices namely Baroreflex Activation Therapy and Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation make the new hope for the patient with resistant hypertension DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12278 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 81-91
Mycotic Aneurysm of Aorta Following Mitral Valve Replacement  A Case Report
Authors: Rahim AMA , Zaman MH , Hossain GMM , Alam SAN , Quashem MA , Ahmed NU , Mahmood KN 
Published: October 2012

The term mycotic aneurysm refers to aneurysm associated with infection by microorganism. Sir William Osler first coined the term mycotic aneurysm in 1885 by disclosing the relation between abnormal cardiac valves and infection with micrococci not with fungi. An 11 years old female from Feni presented with asymptomatic vascular swelling in abdomen referred by a cardiologist.CT angiogram revealed fusiform aneurysm in distal part of abdominal aorta involving ostioproximal part of both common iliac arteries and saccular aneurysm of distal part of superior mesenteric arteries suggestive of mycotic aneurysm. Patient underwent vascular operation aorto biilliac bypass by PTFE graft with excision and ligation of aneurysm of superior mesenteric arteries. Mycotic aneurysm in bacterial endocarditis is rare. It is a challenging job for the cardiologists, infectious disease specialists and vascular surgeon. Time appropriate skilled prompt surgical management can bring smile for both patients and physicians. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12281 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 107-111
Alginate as a Final Impression Material for Edentulous Jaws: One year Clinical Observation
Authors: Akhter Anjuman Ara , Sania Iffat 
Published: October 2012

Forty cases of edentulous patients have been studied for the functional activities of a prosthetic device. The patients were selected from the outpatient Department of Prosthodontics of Dental Unit, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi. The aim of this study was to overcome the limitation of the availability of paste impression material as well as storage problem of the paste. No significant difference was observed in male or female cases. Retention and Stability tests were positive in 36(90%) cases, whereas, 4(10%) cases showed lack of retention and stability due to reduced surface area and irregular bony foundation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12312 City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012
Dentition and Oral Health Status in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nasrin Farhana , Iqbal Mohammad Golam , Pavel Md Shahed Shahed Rafi , Badruddoza Akashlynn , Hasan Riasat 
Published: October 2012

The descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the status of dentition and oral health in children and adolescents with type-1 DM in BIRDEM, Dhaka, from 1st January to 30th June 2010. Fifty two (52) samples of 5 to 19 years of age were studied to check their oral health problems. Results showed 35(67.3%) of respondents were suffering from gingivitis and dental caries, 13(25%) respondents had periodontitis and 4(7.7%) respondents had attrition and mobility. Overall prevalence of oral health problems were more in male (53.8%) than female respondents (46.2%). The Highest number (57.7%) of oral health problems occurred in 16~19 years age group (mean age 15.29}3.35years). Majority (53.8%) of the respondents did not check their blood glucose level regularly and 76.9% respondents visit dental surgeon when needed. Three fourth (75%) of the respondents brush their teeth before breakfast and 92.3% respondents used to clean their teeth only once a day. With type 1 DM, maximum respondents have ulceration of oral mucosa (76.9%) and only 5.8% respondents have normal oral mucosa. Three fourth (73.1%) of the respondents had unhealthy tonsils and maximum (57.7%) respondents had ulceration of tongue. Near about half of the respondents (48.1%) had good oral health status among children and adolescents with type 1 DM. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12317 City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012
Management of an Unerupted Maxillary Canine: A Case Report
Authors: Hassan Gazi Shamim , Rubby Md Golam , Babu Mohammad Rakibul Islam , Sultana Nihar , Hasan Md Nazmul 
Published: October 2012

Permanent canines are the foundation of an esthetic smile and functional occlusion. Any deviation from the normal sequence of development leads to the impaction of teeth. Among multiple treatment options, alignment of impacted canines into the arch is the best treatment approach. This report describes the surgical and orthodontic management of a buccally impacted permanent maxillary canine with mesial diastema DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12318 City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012
Practice Educator Perspectives of Multiple Mentoring in Diverse Clinical Settings
Authors: Copley Jodie , Nelson Alison 
Published: October 2012

Introduction: In a climate of overloaded health systems and limited opportunities for practice education, there is a need to provide high quality placements that prepare students adequately for contemporary practice. Group models of supervision are one way to address this. This study trialled a multiple mentoring (group supervision) model across three different settings: a university clinic, an acute hospital and a community-based service. The perceptions of practice educators regarding its use and essential implementation features of the model were explored. Method: The model was trialled over an 18-month period. A total of 15 practice educators participated in three focus groups. Findings: Following inductive analysis, three main themes emerged: being clear in the chaos; qualities of the service and people; and challenges and benefits. Findings indicated a range of factors that influenced practice educators' experiences, including the structure of the placement, communication processes and the organisational context. Conclusion: A multiple mentoring model of student supervision can be implemented across a range of practice settings, providing that care is taken to tailor the practicum for each setting. Practice educators perceived that the benefits to themselves, the students, the service and the clients outweighed the challenges.
Arthritis-Related Occupational Therapy: Making Invisible Ruling Relations Visible Using Institutional Ethnography
Authors: Prodinger Birgit , Shaw Lynn , Rudman Debbie Laliberte , Townsend Elizabeth 
Published: October 2012

Introduction: Occupational therapists' intention of enabling women with rheumatoid arthritis to participate in everyday life is fraught with challenges in everyday practice. Method: Inspired by institutional ethnography, this paper aims to make explicit how the work of occupational therapists in an outpatient rheumatology hospital setting is governed within invisible, ruling relations. An analytical description of the first author's clinical experience was a standpoint from which to explicate how occupational therapy is coordinated to the ruling relations of the Austrian health care system. Findings: Occupational therapy practice and research are ruled within a positivist, body-focused, medical apparatus, which renders largely invisible occupational therapists' knowledge of enabling people to engage in occupations that are meaningful to them. Conclusion: Occupational therapists have professional power that can be asserted by strategically using occupational therapy specific knowledge and language in textually mediated practices, from assessments and case files to media images, to give greater visibility and influence to the profession's work of enabling occupation.
Estimating electrical properties and the thickness of skin with electrical impedance spectroscopy: Mathematical analysis and measurements
Authors: Birgersson U. , Birgersson E. , Ollmar S. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) allows for the study and characterization of tissue alterations and properties associated with the skin. Here, the potential application of EIS to estimate the thickness of the stratum corneum is explored in the form of a mathematical model for EIS, which is analyzed in the limit of 1 kHz and closed-form analytical solutions derived. These analytical expressions are verified with the numerical solution of the full set of equations and validated with an EIS study comprising 120 subjects: overall, good agreement is found in the frequency range 1-100 kHz, where the impedance is governed by the stratum corneum. Combining the closed-form expression for the thickness of the stratum corneum predicted by the model with the experimental EIS measurements, a distribution for the stratum corneum thickness of the subjects is found with a mean and standard deviation that agree well with reported stratum corneum thicknesses from other experimental techniques. This, in turn, suggests that EIS could be employed to measure the thickness of the stratum corneum with reasonable accuracy. In addition, the electrical properties relevant to EIS – conductivity and relative permittivity – of the stratum corneum can be estimated with the closed form expressions if the stratum corneum thickness is known.
Preconcentration and Determination of Aromatic Amines with Temperature-Controlled Ionic Liquid Dispersive Liquid Phase Microextraction in Combination with High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Zhou Qingxiang , Gao Yuantuan , Xiao Junping , Xie Guohong 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
This paper reports a new method for the determination of aromatic amines with temperature-controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid-phase microextraction in combination with HPLC and results of investigation of the influence of anions in ionic liquids on the extraction performance. In these experiments, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8MIM][PF6]), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide ([C8MIM][NTf2]), and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C8MIM][BF4]) were used as the extraction solvents for the investigation of the effect of anions in ionic liquids. Other parameters affecting the microextraction performance were also investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed method had good linearity over the concentration ranges of 1.0–100 μg/L for 2, 4-dimethylaniline, 2-chloroanline, and N,N-dimethylaniline, and 1.5–150 μg/L for N,N-dimethylaniline and alpha-naphthylamine, with excellent correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.999), excellent detection sensitivity with LODs (S/N = 3) in the range of 0.39–0.63 μg/L, and precision in the range of 3.2–5.4% RSD (n = 6). Real water samples were analyzed with the established method, and good spike recoveries in the range of 86.3 to 98.9% were obtained. These results indicated that this method would be useful in the routine analysis of such pollutants.
The Interlaboratory Performance of Microbiological Methods for Food Analysis
Authors: Ellison Stephen L R , Key Pauline , Wood Roger 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Repeatability and reproducibility data for microbiological methods in food analysis were collated and assessed with a view to identifying useful or important trends. Generalized additive modeling for location, shape, and scale was used to model the distribution of variances. It was found that mean reproducibility for log10 (CFU) data is largely independent of concentration, while repeatability SD of log10 (CFU) data shows a strongly significant decrease in repeatability SD with increasing enumeration. The model for reproducibility SD gave a mean of 0.44, with an upper 95th percentile of approximately 0.76. Repeatability variance could be described reasonably well by a simple dichotomous model; at enumerations below 105/g, the model for repeatability SD gave a mean of approximately 0.35 and upper 95th percentile of 0.63. Above 105/g, the model gave a mean of 0.2 and upper 95th percentile of 0.36. A Horwitz-like function showed no appreciable advantage in describing the data set and gave apparently worse fit. The relationship between repeatability and reproducibility of log10 (CFU) is not constant across the concentration range studied. Both repeatability and reproducibility were found to depend on matrix class and organism.
Quantitative Determination of Alkaloids from Roots of Hydrastis canadensis L. and Dietary Supplements Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with UV Detection
Authors: Avula Bharathi , Wang Yan-Hong , Khan Ikhlas A 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with UV detection was used for the quantification of alkaloids from roots of Hydrastis canadensis L. (goldenseal) and dietary supplements claiming to contain goldenseal. The analysis was performed on a Waters Acquity UPLC system with an Acquity UPLC BEH Shield RP18 column using gradient elution with ammonium formate and acetonitrile containing formic acid. The chromatographic run time was less than 6 min. The detection wavelength used for β-hydrastine and canadine was 290 nm; for hydrastinine, coptisine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, and berberine, it was 344 nm. A total of five different extraction solvents, including 100% methanol, 90% methanol, 90% methanol + 1% acetic acid, 90% acetonitrile + 0.1% phosphoric acid, and 100% acetonitrile, were tested for recovery of the major compounds. The samples extracted with the 90% methanol + 1% acetic acid displayed the best recovery (&gt;97%). The analytical method was validated for linearity, repeatability, LOD, and LOQ. The RSDs for intraday and interday experiments were less than 3.5%, and the recovery was 98–103%. UPLC/MS with a quadrupole mass analyzer and electrospray ionization source was used to confirm the identity of seven alkaloids. The analytical method was successfully applied to confirm the identification of seven alkaloids from the roots of H. canadensis, dietary supplements that claimed to contain goldenseal, and possible adulterant species.
On the Use of the Horwitz Ratio (HorRat) as an Acceptance Criterion for Dietary Fiber Collaborative Studies
Authors: Wehling Paul , DeVries Jonathan W 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The quest for optimum methodology for any analyte often includes a study of the method in multiple independent laboratories. Evaluation of the results of these studies is typically subjective; however, various attempts have been made to increase the objectivity of the evaluation. Among the objective propositions is the use of the Horwitz Ratio (HorRat) as applied to collaborative study statistics. A historical review of fiber method validation studies performed since 1940 shows that the Horwitz curve does not effectively predict the results of dietary fiber collaborative studies, either retrospectively or prospectively. Consequently, use of the HorRat as a criterion for accepting or rejecting dietary fiber methods is contraindicated. An alternative, objective statistical approach is proposed that may also apply to collaborative studies of other empirical analytical methods in general.
QuickTox™ Kit for QuickScan Aflatoxin
Authors: Bailey Cheryl , Davis Alan H 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The QuickTox Kit for QuickScan Aflatoxin uses lateral flow technology and a reader-based system for quantitative determination of total aflatoxins. The performance of this assay was examined using corn samples naturally contaminated with aflatoxins in internal and independent laboratory evaluations and was judged against previously established acceptance criteria. Performance was evaluated for linearity, selectivity, matrix, robustness, and stability experiments. All data points in these studies fell within the ranges defined in the acceptance criteria. The assay exhibits linear dose response over the range tested, 0–100 ppb, with R2 values exceeding 0.98. RSDr values for results ranged from 4.7 to 17.7% across all tested levels. The four major aflatoxin types in corn are detected in the assay, with highest sensitivity for the most prevalent type, B1. Assay results are unaffected by the presence of other common mycotoxins. Robustness studies co-varied assay timing (–20%, 60% compared to the standard assay), temperature (18–30°C), and sample volume (±20% compared to the standard assay). Judged against the acceptance criteria, results were unaffected by these changes. The QuickTox Kit for QuickScan Aflatoxin assay is a user-friendly and reliable method for determination of total aflatoxins.
Cartographier la terre des païens : la géographie des missionnaires jésuites en Nouvelle-France au xviie siècle
Authors: Palomino Jean-François 
Published: October 2012

La conversion des « sauvages » fut l’une des plus importantes motivations à la base des voyages de découverte en Amérique du Nord. Très souvent formés dans les meilleurs collèges d’Europe, où ils ont apprivoisé les sciences théoriques et expérimentales de leur époque, les missionnaires jésuites ne sont pas seulement prêcheurs mais également explorateurs, ethnographes, astronomes et botanistes, sachant interroger l’autochtone, observer les astres et prendre les mesures nécessaires pour cartographier la terre des païens. Par divers exemples puisés à même les multiples lettres écrites en Amérique, l’article démontre que les Jésuites firent un usage relativement important de la cartographie et des savoirs connexes, non seulement pour véhiculer et consigner des connaissances mais aussi pour obtenir le soutien du pouvoir royal et pour propager le catholicisme parmi les autochtones. Utilisés comme outils pédagogiques, les cartes et les globes appuyaient la rhétorique des missionnaires, leur conférant à la fois prestige et crédibilité.
Qui donc est l’architecte de l’église Saint-Patrice de Rivière-du-Loup ?
Authors: Michaud Josette 
Published: October 2012

La paroisse Saint-Patrice de Rivière-du-Loup conserve dans ses archives plusieurs dessins de son église néogothique, tracés sur carton par ses architectes successifs. Certains dessins sont anonymes, certains sont signés Charles Baillairgé, d’autres Napoléon Bourassa, d’autres encore David Ouellet, et pourtant, une bonne partie des honoraires ont été payés à François-Xavier Berlinguet. Plusieurs questions surgissent : le décor conçu par Baillairgé a-t-il jamais été réalisé ? Pourquoi les dessins de Bourassa pour le décor sont-ils datés d’avant l’incendie de 1883 ? Dans quel état Ouellet a-t-il trouvé l’église en 1883 ? En quoi le projet de reconstruction de Ouellet diffère-t-il du projet de Baillairgé ? Les réponses à ces questions se trouvent dans différents fonds d’archives au Québec. L’article montre que la construction de l’église Saint-Patrice s’est faite par interventions successives et que l’étude comparative des dessins, des photographies, des devis et des contrats permet de distinguer les interventions respectives de chacun des architectes. Il montre aussi qu’il est nécessaire d’établir des ponts entre les différents fonds d’archives pour documenter l’ensemble d’une oeuvre architecturale. Enfin, il donne un aperçu de l’ampleur des richesses iconographiques des paroisses du Québec tout en sonnant l’alarme quant à leur état de conservation et au risque de perdre la trace de nombreux documents au cours des prochaines décennies.
« Il y a des choses qu’une personne cultivée ne peut ignorer » – Le Bulletin de la Société d’étude et de conférences (1951-1967) : sa genèse, ses actrices et son contenu
Authors: St-Laurent Fanie 
Published: October 2012

La Société d’étude et de conférences, fondée à Montréal en 1933, est un regroupement féminin à l’origine de plusieurs manifestations littéraires et culturelles du milieu du xx e siècle au Québec. Privilégiant l’étude et la recherche en cercles d’une douzaine de femmes, elle invite aussi, entre 1933 et 1967, au-delà de 500 conférenciers reconnus, dont les Français Pierre Emmanuel et Jean-Paul Sartre ainsi que les Québécois Paul-Émile Borduas et René Lévesque. De 1951 à 1967, le regroupement fait paraître son Bulletin, qui propose des textes des membres et des conférenciers invités. Au sommaire, il est question de littérature, d’histoire, de critique et d’actualités littéraires et culturelles. Il s’agit d’un organe d’information, certes, mais surtout d’un lien tangible entre les membres. Pour la Société d’étude et de conférences, le Bulletin est une nouvelle façon, après les recherches personnelles, les conférences et le concours littéraire, de réfléchir et de partager des connaissances. Oublié des chercheurs, le Bulletin de la Société d’étude et de conférences mérite d’être analysé pour comprendre chacune des étapes qui ont mené les femmes à occuper l’espace public. Cette analyse a été rendue possible grâce au fonds Société d’étude et de conférences (section Montréal), conservé au Centre d’archives de Montréal de Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (BAnQ).