bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Validation for High Order Hyperbolic Moment System of Wigner Equation
Authors: Li Ruo , Lu Tiao , Wang Yanli , Yao Wenqi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA globally hyperbolic moment system upto arbitrary order for the Wigner equation was derived in [6]. For numerically solving the high order hyperbolic moment system therein, we in this paper develop a preliminary numerical method for this system following the NRxx method recently proposed in [8], to validate the moment system of the Wigner equation. The method developed can keep both mass and momentum conserved, and the variation of the total energy under control though it is not strictly conservative. We systematically study the numerical convergence of the solution to the moment system both in the size of spatial mesh and in the order of the moment expansion, and the convergence of the numerical solution of the moment system to the numerical solution of the Wigner equation using the discrete velocity method. The numerical results indicate that the high order moment system in [6] is a valid model for the Wigner equation, and the proposed numerical method for the moment system is quite promising to carry out the simulation of the Wigner equation.
La mise en place du Plan d’action en santé mentale au Québec : l’expérience concrète de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont à Montréal
Authors: Bernazzani Odette , Rondeau Alain 
Published: December 2013

Cet article présente la démarche de transformation du Programme de santé mentale de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont dans le cadre de la mise en place du Plan d’action en santé mentale du Québec. Cet article aborde, d’une part, les enjeux et défis rencontrés et, d’autre part, le modèle de soins et les choix privilégiés. Le cheminement parcouru dans cette démarche est présenté en trois sections spécifiques : 1- les principes directeurs qui sous-tendent le Plan d’action en santé mentale ; 2- le contexte du Programme de santé mentale de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont avant l’arrivée du Plan d’action et le virage que ce dernier entraîne ; 3- le processus évolutif de transformation des soins selon trois volets : a) les liens avec le guichet d’accès en santé mentale du territoire ; b) le soutien à la première ligne ; c) le traitement spécialisé des problématiques complexes en deuxième ligne avec une préoccupation pour la continuité des soins. En conclusion, cet article traite des limites de la présente démarche et des aspects jugés essentiels à la progression de la mise en place du Plan d’action en santé mentale au Québec.
Services spécialisés en santé mentale pour les personnes de 60 ans et plus. Étude pilote de l’évaluation du processus
Authors: Nour Kareen , Hébert Marijo , Lavoie Jean-Pierre , Dallaire Bernadette , Wallach Isabelle , Moscovizt Nona , Regenstreif Alan , Billette Véronique 
Published: December 2013

Au Québec, le Centre de santé et services sociaux (CSSS) Cavendish offre des services spécialisés destinés aux aînés avec des problèmes de santé mentale (SSSM 60+) (Nouret al., 2011a). Cet article décrit un segment ciblé de la population rejointe (50 % des usagers âgés recevant des SSSM 60+ ont été retenus en tenant compte des critères d’exclusion). Il présente le modèle de changements individuels liés aux services et explore les médiateurs psychosociaux qui influencent l’efficacité des services. Cette population vit avec diverses problématiques psychosociales, dont la principale est la présence de symptômes dépressifs de légers à modérés. Les services et les interventions réalisés par l’équipe spécialisée SSSM 60 + réussissent à augmenter significativement l’alliance thérapeutique et le sentiment d’appropriation du pouvoir (empowerment) chez cette clientèle. Prioriser ces concepts lors de la prestation de services semble une avenue à envisager.
Le rôle des familles de personnes en situation d’itinérance et souffrant de troubles mentaux : un regard rétrospectif et prospectif des liens
Authors: Bonin Jean-Pierre , Lacasse-Bédard Joanie , Latimer Eric , Denis Véronique , Larue Caroline , Pelletier Jean-François , Goering Paula 
Published: December 2013

Cet article s’intéresse à l’expérience des familles qui soutiennent un proche en situation d’itinérance et souffrant de troubles mentaux. Les auteurs explorent les types de soutien offerts par les familles ; ils examinent aussi les dimensions relationnelles et personnelles qui peuvent soutenir une redéfinition des rôles et une modulation du niveau de soutien. Utilisant un devis qualitatif, des entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés auprès de 14 membres de familles. Les résultats indiquent que l’hébergement et l’aide financière sont les types de soutien les plus fréquemment interrompus alors que le soutien émotionnel et l’accompagnement social tendent davantage à perdurer. Le contrôle relationnel, l’émotivité et la perception du futur apparaissent comme des enjeux importants à l’initiation d’un processus de redéfinition des rôles.
La cothérapie en psychologie clinique interculturelle
Authors: Pocreau Jean-Bernard , Martins-Borges Lucienne 
Published: December 2013

De nombreux praticiens en psychothérapie systémique ont reconnu la pertinence de la cothérapie, modèle d’intervention qui implique au moins deux professionnels. La psychologie interculturelle et l’ethnopsychiatrie se sont inspirées de ses principes en l’adaptant au contexte interculturel. L’objectif est de présenter le fonctionnement de la cothérapie en psychologie interculturelle telle que développée au Service d’aide psychologique spécialisée aux immigrants et réfugiés (SAPSIR). Ce dispositif facilite le travail psychique autour des deuils et de l’identité, problématiques importantes chez le migrant. Toutefois, la pratique ethnopsychiatrique ne peut être réduite à l’application de techniques ou à l’ajustement de certaines modalités qui tiendraient simplement compte de la culture ; elle suppose une façon particulière d’être en relation avec l’Autre, avec soi-même et avec ses « savoirs ».
Order and Strength Matter for Evaluation of Alibi and Eyewitness Evidence
Authors: Price Heather L. , Dahl Leora C. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryWe explored the effects of presentation order and evidence strength on participants acting as investigators in a criminal context. Participants evaluated evidence and suspect guilt in a study in which alibi witness and eyewitness evidence of varying strength, presented in different orders, were compared. In contrast to research on the confirmation bias, which suggests that evidence presented early distorts subsequent evaluations of evidence, the present findings suggest that under certain circumstances, evidence received most recently can have a greater impact on decision‐making. Recency effects were observed most frequently when recent evidence was particularly strong and often when it contradicted previously encountered strong evidence. The impact of recency extended beyond the impact of evidence and to evaluations of the credibility of individual pieces of evidence. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Periplocymarin is a potential natural compound for drug development: highly permeable with absence of P‐glycoprotein efflux and cytochrome P450 inhibitions
Authors: Martey Orleans N. K. , He Xin , Xing Haiyan , Deng Fengchun , Feng Shan , Li Chao , Shi Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTPeriplocymarin, a cardiac glycoside isolated from Periploca sepium (P. sepium) and Periploca graeca (P. graeca), is a potential anti‐cancer compound. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential for periplocymarin to interact with P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) and to inhibit cytochrome P450s known to be expressed in the human small intestine. The in vitro and in situ permeability of periplocymarin were studied using Madin‐Darby canine kidney (MDCK‐II‐WT) cells transfected with or without the human multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene and the single‐pass perfused rat intestinal model. The cell system exhibited high functional activity and a net efflux ratio (NER) of 4.32 after transport of Rhodamine 123 (R123) (the P‐gp substrate). Periplocymarin is highly permeable (Papp > 10 × 10‐6 cm/s; Peff(rat) > 5.09 × 10‐5 cm/s) and independent of P‐gp influences. The NER at 100 μm periplocymarin (0.8) was unchanged in the presence of cyclosporine A (a non‐specific P‐gp inhibitor) (0.82). In the single‐pass intestinal model, the Peff (rat) of 5 µg/ml periplocymarin (5.490 × 10‐5 cm/s) did not change in the presence of cyclosporine A (5.394 × 10‐5 cm/s). In the R123‐inhibition assay, periplocymarin did not competitively inhibit P‐gp. The inhibitory potential of periplocymarin on cytochrome P450 (CYP450s) was also studied. Periplocymarin (5, 50 μm) did not inhibit CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 or CYP3A4. Thus, periplocymarin is unlikely to encounter drug–drug interactions with P‐gp and CYP450s. Periplocymarin could be taken forward for further studies in drug development to test bioavailability, Phase II enzyme interactions and additional transporter interactions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly sensitive determination of new metabolite in rat plasma after oral administration of swertiamarin by liquid chromatography/time of flight mass spectrometry following picolinoyl derivatization
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Tang Shuhan , Sun Yujia , Wang Huiyu , Wang Xijun , Zhang Hailong , Wang Zhigang 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThe metabolism of swertiamarin (STM) in vivo was studied by LC/MS following picolinoyl derivatization. Incubation of erythrocentaurin (ECR), one of the main in vitro metabolites of STM by intestinal bacteria, with liver microsome indicated that STM may be metabolized to the final metabolite 3,4‐dihydro‐5‐(hydroxymethyl) isochroman‐1‐one (HMIO) in vivo. After hydrolyzation with sulfatase, HMIO was successfully detected in rat plasma after oral administration of STM by LC/MS following picolinoyl derivatization. 4‐Methoxyphenyl methanol was used as the internal standard to quantify HMIO in rat plasma. The full metabolic pathway of STM in rats is proposed. STM is first hydrolyzed by bacterial β‐glucusidase to give aglycone, which is readily converted to ECR and nitrogen‐containing metabolite. ECR is further reduced to HMIO by both liver and intestinal bacteria and HMIO is finally converted to the new sulfate conjugate metabolite. The monoterpene compound STM was found to be metabolized to dihydroisocoumarin and alkaloid compounds in vivo, which may be responsible for the pharmacological effect of STM. The results may shed light on clinical efficacy of STM and the new analytical method developed may assist in studies of the metabolism of other natural iridoids and secoiridoids in vivo. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cancer in indigenous people in Latin America and the Caribbean: a review
Authors: Moore Suzanne P. , Forman David , Piñeros Marion , Fernández Sdenka M. , de Oliveira Santos Marceli , Bray Freddie 
Published: December 2013

AbstractCancer is a leading cause of death in Latin America but there have been few assessments of the cancer burden for the 10% of the population who are indigenous. Evidence from other world regions suggests cancer survival is poorer for indigenous people than for others due to a greater incidence of case‐fatal cancers, later stage at diagnosis, and less cancer treatment. A status report on the cancer profile of indigenous people in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is therefore clearly warranted. We undertook a systematic review of the peer‐reviewed literature in academic databases, and considered evidence from cancer registries from 1980, to assess cancer epidemiology among indigenous people in LAC. We identified 35 peer‐reviewed articles pertaining to cancer in indigenous people. Rates of cervical cancer in parts of Brazil, Ecuador, and Guyana, stomach cancer rates in regions of Chile and gallbladder rates in Chile and Bolivia, were higher for indigenous compared to others. Breast cancer rates were lower in Ecuador, Brazil, and Chile. Six cancer registries in Brazil provided incidence data but no other reports of incidence, mortality, or survival were identified. There was a paucity of data surrounding the cancer burden of indigenous people in LAC. In view of predicted increases in cancer rates in ensuing decades, and the disparities in burden already experienced by indigenous people in the region, it is imperative that cancer profiles are obtained and cancer control measures identified and prioritized.
Monocytes, but not T cells, respond to insulin with Akt(S473) phosphorylation independent of the donor glucometabolic state
Authors: Thewissen M. M. , van de Gaar J. , den Boer A. Th. , Munsters M. J. , Blaak E. E. , Duijvestijn A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundObesity is associated with insulin resistance and chronic low‐grade inflammation. Insulin has been described to have anti‐inflammatory effects in immune cells. Therefore, insulin resistance in immune cells can be expected to have important consequences for immune function. Here, we investigate whether freshly isolated monocytes and T cells, isolated from study subjects with a normal or disturbed glucometabolic state, respond to insulin with phosphorylation of Akt, a key molecule in the insulin signalling pathway.MethodsA total of 25 study subjects were enrolled in the study. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, and from fasting insulin and glucose, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) index was calculated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from heparinized blood and phenotypically characterized by flow cytometry. Basal and insulin‐induced fractions of pAkt(S473)‐positive monocytes and T cells were determined by Phosflow.ResultsOn the basis of the OGTT, 11 subjects were classified as normal glucose tolerant (NGT), 9 had an impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) and 5 had type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The fraction of pAkt(S473)positive‐T cells and monocytes, in the absence of insulin, was low in all subjects. Incubation with insulin did not induce Akt phosphorylation in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in normal subjects. However, in the monocyte fraction, an insulin‐dose‐dependent increase of the pAkt(S473)positive‐cell fraction was observed. This response did not differ between NGT, IGM and T2DM and was not correlated with HOMA‐IR.ConclusionsIn this study, we show that freshly isolated monocytes, but not T cells, are insulin‐sensitive cells and that this insulin sensitivity of monocytes is not negatively affected by the glucometabolic state of the donor. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High prevalence of depressive symptoms in well‐controlled adolescents with type 1 diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion
Authors: Zduńczyk Beata , Sendela Joanna , Szypowska Agnieszka 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundResearchers report co‐morbid depressive symptoms in children with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, excellent diabetes control may be associated with emotional distress as well. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in T1D children with HbA1c <7.5% and ≥7.5% treated with insulin pump.MethodsA total of 372 children (186 girls) with a mean age of 14.2 ± 2.0 years and mean diabetes duration of 5.3 ± 3.5 years were included. All subjects were treated for T1D for a minimum of 1 year. Children filled out a Polish version of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and answered questions in the Quality of Life Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was made using Student's t‐test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, Fisher's exact test and Spearman's rank correlation.ResultsEighteen per cent (31/177) of participants with HbA1c <7.5% and 21% (41/195) with HbA1c ≥7.5% reported depressive symptoms (CDI scores ≥13). Adolescents with HbA1c <7.5% and CDI ≥ 13 had higher total insulin dose (p = 0.039) and longer diabetes duration (p = 0.043) than subjects with CDI < 13. There was no difference in prevalence of depressive symptoms among patients with HbA1c ≥7.5% and HbA1c <7.5% (odds ratio [1.25 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75–2.11], p = 0.432). In both groups, adolescents with CDI ≥ 13 had worse quality of life than those with CDI < 13 (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn both groups, one in five adolescents with either good or poor glycemic control had depressive symptoms compared with <7% in subjects without diabetes. Long‐lasting T1D significantly increased the risk of depressive symptoms in well‐controlled youth. Depressive symptoms strongly affected the quality of life regardless of diabetes control. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GAD‐treatment of children and adolescents with recent‐onset type 1 diabetes preserves residual insulin secretion after 30 months
Authors: Ludvigsson Johnny , Chéramy Mikael , Axelsson Stina , Pihl Mikael , Åkerman Linda , Casas Rosaura ,   for the clinical GAD‐study group in Sweden
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to analyse data from two different studies (phase II and phase III) regarding the safety and efficacy of treatment with alum formulated glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD65 (GAD‐alum) at 30 months after administration to children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.MethodsThe phase II trial was a double‐blind, randomised placebo‐controlled study, including 70 children and adolescents who were followed for 30 months. Participants received a subcutaneous injection of either 20 µg of GAD‐alum or placebo at baseline and 1 month later. During a subsequent larger European phase III trial including three treatment arms, participants received two or four subcutaneous injections of either 20 µg of GAD‐alum and/or placebo at baseline, 1, 3 and 9 months. The phase III trial was prematurely interrupted at 15 months, but of the 148 Swedish patients, a majority completed the 21 months follow‐up, and 45 patients completed the trial at 30 months. Both studies included GAD65 auto‐antibodies‐positive patients with fasting C‐peptide ≥0.10 nmol/l. We have now combined the results of these two trials.ResultsThere were no treatment related adverse events. In patients treated with 2 GAD‐alum doses, stimulated C‐peptide area under the curve had decreased significantly less (9 m: p < 0.037; 15 m: p < 0.032; 21 m: p < 0.003 and 30 m: p < 0.004), and a larger proportion of these patients were also able to achieve a peak stimulated C‐peptide >0.2 nmol/L (p < 0.05), as compared with placebo.ConclusionTreatment with two doses of GAD‐alum in children and adolescents with recent‐onset type 1 diabetes shows no adverse events and preserves residual insulin secretion. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Invasion biology in non‐free‐living species: interactions between abiotic (climatic) and biotic (host availability) factors in geographical space in crayfish commensals (Ostracoda, Entocytheridae)
Authors: Mestre Alexandre , Aguilar‐Alberola Josep A. , Baldry David , Balkis Husamettin , Ellis Adam , Gil‐Delgado Jose A. , Grabow Karsten , Klobučar Göran , Kouba Antonín , Maguire Ivana , Martens Andreas , Mülayim Ayşegül , Rueda Juan , Scharf Burkhard , Soes Menno , S. Monrós Juan , Mesquita‐Joanes Francesc 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn invasion processes, both abiotic and biotic factors are considered essential, but the latter are usually disregarded when modeling the potential spread of exotic species. In the framework of set theory, interactions between biotic (B), abiotic (A), and movement‐related (M) factors in the geographical space can be hypothesized withBAMdiagrams and tested using ecological niche models (ENMs) to estimateAandBareas. The main aim of our survey was to evaluate the interactions between abiotic (climatic) and biotic (host availability) factors in geographical space for exotic symbionts (i.e., non‐free‐living species), usingENMtechniques combined with aBAMframework and using exotic Entocytheridae (Ostracoda) found in Europe as model organisms. We carried out an extensive survey to evaluate the distribution of entocytherids hosted by crayfish in Europe by checking 94 European localities and 12 crayfish species. Both exotic entocytherid species found,Ankylocythere sinuosaandUncinocythere occidentalis, were widely distributed in W Europe living on the exotic crayfish speciesProcambarus clarkiiandPacifastacus leniusculus,respectively. No entocytherids were observed in the remaining crayfish species. The suitable area forA. sinuosawas mainly restricted by its own limitations to minimum temperatures in W and N Europe and precipitation seasonality in circum‐Mediterranean areas.Uncinocythere occidentaliswas mostly restricted by host availability in circum‐Mediterranean regions due to limitations ofP. leniusculusto higher precipitation seasonality and maximum temperatures. The combination ofENMs with set theory allows studying the invasive biology of symbionts and provides clues about biogeographic barriers due to abiotic or biotic factors limiting the expansion of the symbiont in different regions of the invasive range. The relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors on geographical space can then be assessed and applied in conservation plans. This approach can also be implemented in other systems where the target species is closely interacting with other taxa.
Soil pathogen communities associated with native and non‐native Phragmites australis populations in freshwater wetlands
Authors: Nelson Eric B. , Karp Mary Ann 
Published: December 2013

SummarySoil pathogens are believed to be major contributors to negative plant–soil feedbacks that regulate plant community dynamics and plant invasions. While the theoretical basis for pathogen regulation of plant communities is well established within the plant–soil feedback framework, direct experimental evidence for pathogen community responses to plants has been limited, often relying largely on indirect evidence based on above‐ground plant responses. As a result, specific soil pathogen responses accompanying above‐ground plant community dynamics are largely unknown. Here, we examine the oomycete pathogens in soils conditioned by established populations of native noninvasive and non‐native invasive haplotypes of Phragmites australis (European common reed). Our aim was to assess whether populations of invasive plants harbor unique communities of pathogens that differ from those associated with noninvasive populations and whether the distribution of taxa within these communities may help to explain invasive success. We compared the composition and abundance of pathogenic and saprobic oomycete species over a 2‐year period. Despite a diversity of oomycete taxa detected in soils from both native and non‐native populations, pathogen communities from both invaded and noninvaded soils were dominated by species of Pythium. Pathogen species that contributed the most to the differences observed between invaded and noninvaded soils were distributed between invaded and noninvaded soils. However, the specific taxa in invaded soils responsible for community differences were distinct from those in noninvaded soils that contributed to community differences. Our results indicate that, despite the phylogenetic relatedness of native and non‐native P. australis haplotypes, pathogen communities associated with the dominant non‐native haplotype are distinct from those of the rare native haplotype. Pathogen taxa that dominate either noninvaded or invaded soils suggest different potential mechanisms of invasion facilitation. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that non‐native plant species that dominate landscapes may “cultivate” a different soil pathogen community to their rhizosphere than those of rarer native species.