bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Workflow and Process-Based Performance Measures for Endovascular Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Menon Bijoy K. , Almekhlafi Mohammed A. , Pereira Vitor Mendes , Gralla Jan , Bonafe Alain , Davalos Antoni , Chapot Rene , Goyal Mayank 
Published: May 2014

Background and Purpose—
We report on workflow and process-based performance measures and their effect on clinical outcome in Solitaire FR Thrombectomy for Acute Revascularization (STAR), a multicenter, prospective, single-arm study of Solitaire FR thrombectomy in large vessel anterior circulation stroke patients.

Methods—
Two hundred two patients were enrolled across 14 centers in Europe, Canada, and Australia. The following time intervals were measured: stroke onset to hospital arrival, hospital arrival to baseline imaging, baseline imaging to groin puncture, groin puncture to first stent deployment, and first stent deployment to reperfusion. Effects of time of day, general anesthesia use, and multimodal imaging on workflow were evaluated. Patient characteristics and workflow processes associated with prolonged interval times and good clinical outcome (90-day modified Rankin score, 0–2) were analyzed.

Results—
Median times were onset of stroke to hospital arrival, 123 minutes (interquartile range, 163 minutes); hospital arrival to thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) 2b/3 or final digital subtraction angiography, 133 minutes (interquartile range, 99 minutes); and baseline imaging to groin puncture, 86 minutes (interquartile range, 24 minutes). Time from baseline imaging to puncture was prolonged in patients receiving intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (32-minute mean delay) and when magnetic resonance–based imaging at baseline was used (18-minute mean delay). Extracranial carotid disease delayed puncture to first stent deployment time on average by 25 minutes. For each 1-hour increase in stroke onset to final digital subtraction angiography (or TICI 2b/3) time, odds of good clinical outcome decreased by 38%.

Conclusions—
Interval times in the STAR study reflect current intra-arterial therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Improving workflow metrics can further improve clinical outcome.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01327989.
Pretreatment Blood–Brain Barrier Damage and Post-Treatment Intracranial Hemorrhage in Patients Receiving Intravenous Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator
Authors: Leigh Richard , Jen Shyian S. , Hillis Argye E. , Krakauer John W. , Barker Peter B. , Albers Gregory W. , Davis Stephen M. , Donnan Geoffrey A. , Fisher Marc , Furlan Anthony J. , Grotta James C. , Hacke Werner , Kang Dong-Wha , Kidwell Chelsea , Koroshetz Walter J. , Lees Kennedy R. , Lev Michael H. , Liebeskind David S. , Sorensen A. Gregory , Thijs Vincent N. , Thomalla Götz , Warach Steven J. , Wardlaw Joanna M. , Wintermark Max 
Published: May 2014

Background and Purpose—
Early blood–brain barrier damage after acute ischemic stroke has previously been qualitatively linked to subsequent intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In this quantitative study, it was investigated whether the amount of blood–brain barrier damage evident on pre–tissue-type plasminogen activator MRI scans was related to the degree of post–tissue-type plasminogen activator ICH in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—
Analysis was performed on a database of patients with acute ischemic stroke provided by the Stroke Imaging Repository (STIR) and Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA) Imaging Investigators. Patients with perfusion-weighted imaging lesions >10 mL and negative gradient-recalled echo imaging before intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator were included. Postprocessing of the perfusion-weighted imaging source images was performed to estimate changes in blood–brain barrier permeability within the perfusion deficit relative to the unaffected hemisphere. Follow-up gradient-recalled echo images were reviewed for evidence of ICH and divided into 3 groups according to European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS) criteria: no hemorrhage, hemorrhagic infarction, and parenchymal hematoma.

Results—

Seventy-five patients from the database met the inclusion criteria, 28 of whom experienced ICH, of which 19 were classified as hemorrhagic infarction and 9 were classified as parenchymal hematoma. The mean permeability (±SDs), expressed as an index of contrast leakage, was 17.0±8.8% in the no hemorrhage group, 19.4±4.0% in the hemorrhagic infarction group, and 24.6±4.5% in the parenchymal hematoma group. Permeability was significantly correlated with ICH grade in univariate (
P=
0.007) and multivariate (
P=
0.008) linear regression modeling.

Conclusions—
A perfusion-weighted imaging–derived index of blood–brain barrier damage measured before intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator is given is associated with the severity of ICH after treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Migraine, White Matter Hyperintensities, and Subclinical Brain Infarction in a Diverse Community
Authors: Monteith Teshamae , Gardener Hannah , Rundek Tatjana , Dong Chuanhui , Yoshita Mitsuhiro , Elkind Mitchell S.V. , DeCarli Charles , Sacco Ralph L. , Wright Clinton B. 
Published: May 2014

Background and Purpose—
Migraine with aura is a risk factor for ischemic stroke. The goals of this study are to examine the association between migraine and subclinical cerebrovascular damage in a race/ethnically diverse older population-based cohort study.

Methods—
In the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS), we quantified subclinical brain infarctions and white matter hyperintensity volumes among participants with self-reported migraine, confirmed by the International Classification of Headache Disorders-2 criteria.

Results—
Of 546 study participants with imaging and migraine data (41% men; mean age at MRI, 71±8 years; mostly Hispanic [65%]), those reporting migraine overall had double the odds of subclinical brain infarction (adjusted odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.0–4.2) when compared with those reporting no migraine, after adjusting for sociodemographics and vascular risk factors. No association was observed between migraine with or without aura and white matter hyperintensity volume.

Conclusions—
Migraine may be a risk factor for subclinical brain infarction. Prospective studies are needed in race/ethnically diverse populations.
Mythic Geography, Barbarian Identities: The Pygmies in Thrace
Authors: Dan Anca 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe presence of Pygmies in Thrace is neither a misunderstanding nor a fantasy of Pliny the Elder: this reference, confirmed by Stephanus of Byzantium, can be explained through the history of the Pygmies, mythic people mentioned in theIliadand integrated in the Classical, Hellenistic, Roman, Medieval and Renaissance descriptions of the inhabited world. The modern historian can reveal the reasons that made the Greeks and Romans locate these little men in the northern country of the cranes: the indigenous, under-earth houses of Dobrodgea and the abandoned caves in the region of Yailata as well as the Greek toponymy imported from the Aegean nourished the imagination of the Greeks and their stories about the Euxine Pontus, colonized by Milesians and Megarians. These observations contribute not only to a better understanding of the geography and ethnography of the western Black Sea coast, but also throw light on the process of “inventing” foreign peoples, at the center but also at the periphery of the civilized world, on the basis of racial, geographic and historical otherness, by taking into account the everlasting authority of the literary tradition.
À propos de Schuchardt, du mélange des langues et du contact
Authors: Nicolaï Robert 
Published: May 2014

Studies on language contact are sufficiently developed to make it possible to ponder about its entailments. This implies that the researcher sets himself aside in order to grasp the dynamics of the various approaches. This paper first (i) goes back on the notion of “viewpoint”, (ii) presents the notion of “persistence of view point”, and (iii) proposes a simplification of the epistemic inputs that structure a “domain α”, that of a project’s conditions of existence of an epistemic construct, to a “domain β”, which is dependent on the ‘viewpoint’ involved in the process of the epistemic construct.
Second, the paper investigates the four spaces that are sensitive to contact : (i) the structural space, (ii) the social space, (iii) the “rationalization” space, and (iv) the psycho-physiological space. The third part deals with the logical inferences of language contact, and more specifically of its margins, i.e. language mixing, using as a basis of discussion the little read book by Schuchardt Slawo-deutsches und Slawo-italienisches (1883). The book, which shows the importance and the ordinariness of language mixing [Mischsprache], induces to question the obliteration of this issue in academic research, while studies on language contact are booming. The answer involves a reflection on the possibilities to keep in our research the compatibility between classical and new viewpoints.
Improved Representation of Marine Stratocumulus Cloud Shortwave Radiative Properties in the CMIP5 Climate Models
Authors: Engström Anders , Bender Frida A.-M. , Karlsson Johannes 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The radiative properties of subtropical marine stratocumulus clouds are investigated in an ensemble of current-generation global climate models from phase 5 of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Using a previously documented method for determining regional mean cloud albedo, the authors find a closer agreement with observations in the CMIP5 models as compared to the previous generation of models (phase 3 of CMIP). The multimodel average indicates regional mean, monthly mean cloud albedos ranging from 0.32 to 0.5 among 26 models and five regions, to be compared with satellite observations that indicate a range from 0.32 to 0.39 for the same five regions. The intermodel spread in cloud fraction gives rise to a spread in albedo. Within models, there is a tendency for large cloud fraction to be related to low cloud albedo and vice versa, a relationship that dampens the intermodel variability in total albedo. The intramodel variability in albedo, for a given cloud fraction, is found to be up to twice as large in magnitude in models as in satellite observations. The reason for this larger variability in models is not settled, but possible contributing factors may be imperfect representation in the models of cloud type distribution or of sensitivity to meteorological variability or aerosols. Changes in aerosol loading are found to be the likely cause of an increase in cloud albedo over time. The radiative effect of such a scene brightening in marine stratocumulus cloud regions, from preindustrial times to present day, is estimated to be up to −1 W m−2 for the global ocean, but there are no observations to verify this number.
Synthesis and recovery of bulk Fe4O5 from magnetite, Fe3O4. A member of a self-similar series of structures for the lower mantle and transition zone
Authors: Guignard J. , Crichton W. A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA multi-anvil press was combined with monochromatic synchrotron X-ray radiation to investigate the synthesis, at high-pressure high-temperature conditions, of a recoverable bulk sample of Fe4O5, from an initial magnetite, Fe3O4, sample. Angle-dispersive diffraction patterns show that magnetite firstly breaks down, into an assemblage of hematite (Fe2O3) + Fe4O5. By increasing temperature at constant load, hematite disappears progressively by either reduction or by melting, or a combination of both. In the final product only Fe4O5 remains and, in the absence of hematite, can be kept stable and be recovered at ambient conditions. Refinement of the diffraction patterns at standard conditions demonstrate that Fe4O5 has the Sr2Tl2O5-type-structure with space group Cmcm and a = 2.8964(2) Å, b = 9.8225(6) Åand c = 12.5808(7) Å. This structure-type and related members of a homologous series, offer the possibility that the general sequence of AB(2+n)X(4+n) chemistries could, under certain conditions, be extended to accommodate prevalent oxygen fugacity or, indeed, other ordered stoichiometries through extension of the c axis by the addition of FeO6 octahedral blocks. This structural series, as in other systems, offers possibilities of hosting charge-transfer, Jahn-Teller and other electronic phenomena − as well as supporting metric distortions. Each of these possibilities is highlighted through illustration and extension to related structure-types, most notably from those of the spinels, post-spinels and post-perovskites.
Mössbauerite, Fe63+O4(OH)8[CO3]·3H2O, the fully oxidized ‘green rust’ mineral from Mont Saint-Michel Bay, France
Authors: Génin J.-M. R. , Mills S. J. , Christy A. G. , Guérin O. , Herbillon A. J. , Kuzmann E. , Ona-Nguema G. , Ruby C. , Upadhyay C. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe new mineral mössbauerite (IMA2012−049), Fe63+O4(OH)8[CO3]·3H2O, is a member of the fougèrite group of the hydrotalcite supergroup. Thus, it has a layered double hydroxide-type structure, in which brucite-like layers [Fe63+O4(OH)8]2+ are intercalated with CO32− anions and water molecules. Mössbauerite is the fully oxidized analogue of fougèrite and trébeurdenite, related to them chemically by the exchange of (Fe3+O2−) with (Fe2+OH−). Mössbauerite, intimately intergrown with trébeurdenite, was discovered in intertidal gleys from Mont Saint-Michel Bay, France, along with quartz, feldspars and clay minerals. Mössbauerite is formed by the oxidation of the other members of the fougèrite group. Like them, it occurs as μm-scale platelets in gleys with restricted access to atmospheric O and decomposes rapidly when exposed to air. Identification and characterization of these minerals has relied on an electrochemical study of synthetic analogues and Mössbauer spectroscopy, which inspired the name of the new mineral.Unlike fougèrite and trébeurdenite, which are blue-green, pure synthetic mössbauerite is orange in colour. Detailed optical and other physical properties could not be determined because of the small platelet size and instability. The hardness is probably 2−3, by analogy with other members of the supergroup and the density, calculated from unit-cell parameters, is 2.950 g/cm3. Synchrotron X-ray data indicate that the natural material is a nanoscale intergrowth of 2T and 3T polytypes; the latter probably has the 3T7 stacking sequence. The corresponding maximum possible space group symmetries are Pm1 and P3m1. Unit-cell parameters for the 3T cell are a = 3.032(7) Å, c = 22.258(4) = 367.420 Å and Z = ½.Mössbauer spectroscopy at 78 K indicates that two distinct Fe3+ environments exist in a 2:1 ratio. These are interpreted to be ordered within each layer, but without the development of a threedimensional superlattice. Mössbauerite undergoes gradual magnetic ordering at 70−80 K to a ferromagnetic state, below which it splits into three sextets S1m, S2m and S3m, as measured at 15 K, and shows the same intensity ratio ½:⅙:⅓ as the three doublets for fougèrite D1f, D2f, D3f in the paramagnetic state at 78 K. This suggests that there is also short-range coupling of interlayer carbonate anions with respect to the octahedral layers and that the 2D long-range order of carbonates in interlayers remains unchanged.
The quest for forbidden crystals
Authors: Bindi L. , Steinhardt P. J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe world of crystallography was forced to reassess its rules about thirty years ago with the introduction of the concept of quasicrystals, solids with rotational symmetries forbidden to crystals, by Levine and Steinhardt (1984) and the discovery of the first examples in the laboratory by Shechtman et al. (1984). Since then, >100 different types of quasicrystals have been synthesized in the laboratory under carefully controlled conditions. The original theory suggested that quasicrystals can be as robust and stable as crystals, perhaps even forming under natural conditions. This thought motivated a decade-long search for a natural quasicrystal, culminating in the discovery of icosahedrite (Al63Cu24Fe13), an icosahedral quasicrystal found in a museum sample consisting of several typical rock-forming minerals combined with exotic rare metal alloy minerals like khatyrkite and cupalite. Here we briefly recount the extraordinary story of the search and discovery of the first natural quasicrystal.
Bone marrow T-cell infiltration during acute GVHD is associated with delayed B-cell recovery and function after HSCT
Authors: Mensen Angela , Jöhrens Korinna , Anagnostopoulos Ioannis , Demski Sonya , Oey Maike , Stroux Andrea , Hemmati Philipp , Westermann Jörg , Blau Olga , Wittenbecher Friedrich , Movassaghi Kamran , Szyska Martin , Thomas Sybill , Dörken Bernd , Scheibenbogen Carmen , Arnold Renate , Na Il-Kang 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
Donor T-cell infiltration of the bone marrow is associated with impaired B-cell immunity after allogeneic HSCT. Quantification of κ-deleting recombination excision circles as a biomarker for bone marrow B-cell output in different clinical episodes.
A new method to disperse CdS quantum dot-sensitized TiO2 nanotube arrays into P3HT:PCBM layer for the improvement of efficiency of inverted polymer solar cells
Authors: Li Fumin , Chen Chong , Tan Furui , Yue Gentian , Shen Liang , Zhang Weifeng 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
We report that the efficiency of ITO/nc-TiO2/P3HT:PCBM/MoO3/Ag inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs) can be improved by dispersing CdS quantum dot (QD)-sensitized TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTs) in poly (3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) layer. The CdS QDs are deposited on the TNTs by a chemical bath deposition method. The experimental results show that the CdS QD-sensitized TNTs (CdS/TNTs) do not only increase the light absorption of the P3HT:PCBM layer but also reduce the charge recombination in the P3HT:PCBM layer. The dependence of device performances on cycles of CdS deposition on the TNTs was investigated. A high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.52% was achieved for the inverted PSCs with 20 cyclic depositions of CdS on TNTs, which showed a 34% increase compared to the ITO/nc-TiO2/P3HT:PCBM/MoO3/Ag device without the CdS/TNTs. The improved efficiency is attributed to the improved light absorbance and the reduced charge recombination in the active layer.
Multihop range-free localization with approximate shortest path in anisotropic wireless sensor networks
Authors: Lee Sangwoo , Park Chansik , Lee Min Joon , Kim Sunwoo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a multihop range-free localization algorithm that tolerates network anisotropy with a small number of anchors. A detoured path detection is proposed to detect if the shortest path between nodes is detoured from their direct path by measuring the deviation in the hop count between the direct and shortest paths. A novel distance estimation method is introduced to approximate the shortest path based on the path deviation and to estimate their distance by taking into account the extent of the detour of the approximate shortest path. Compared to other range-free algorithms, the proposed algorithm requires fewer anchors while achieving higher localization accuracy in anisotropic networks. We demonstrated its superiority over existing range-free localization algorithms through extensive computer simulations.
Existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for one-dimensional prescribed mean curvature equations
Authors: Lu Yanqiong , Ma Ruyun , Gao Hongliang 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In this work, we establish the existence and multiplicity results of positive solutions for one-dimensional prescribed mean curvature equations. Our approach is based on fixed point index theory for completely continuous operators which leave invariant a suitable cone in a Banach space of continuous functions.

MSC:34B10, 34B18.
A parallel nonlinear adaptive enhancement algorithm for low- or high-intensity color images
Authors: Zhou Zhigang , Sang Nong , Hu Xinrong 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This article addresses the problem of color image enhancement for images with low or high intensity and poor contrast (LIPC or HIPC). A parallel nonlinear adaptive enhancement (PNAE) algorithm using information from local neighborhood is presented to resolve the problem in parallel. The PNAE algorithm consists of three steps. First, a red-green-blue (RGB) color image is converted to an intensity image, then an adaptive intensity adjustment with local contrast enhancement is parallelly performed, and finally, colors are restored. The PNAE algorithm can be adjusted to control the level of enhancement on the overall lightness and the contrast achieved at the output separately. Most of the parameters used in PNAE are robust for LIPC and HIPC color image enhancement. Experimental results show that PNAE outperforms two popular methods in both computational efficiency and overall content preservation of image while improving local contrast for LIPC and HIPC image enhancement.
A dataset comprising four micro-computed tomography scans of freshly fixed and museum earthworm specimens
Authors: Lenihan Jennifer , Kvist Sebastian , Fernández Rosa , Giribet Gonzalo , Ziegler Alexander 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background
Although molecular tools are increasingly employed to decipher invertebrate systematics, earthworm (Annelida: Clitellata: ‘Oligochaeta') taxonomy is still largely based on conventional dissection, resulting in data that are mostly unsuitable for dissemination through online databases. In order to evaluate if micro-computed tomography (μCT) in combination with soft tissue staining techniques could be used to expand the existing set of tools available for studying internal and external structures of earthworms, μCT scans of freshly fixed and museum specimens were gathered.

Findings
Scout images revealed full penetration of tissues by the staining agent. The attained isotropic voxel resolutions permit identification of internal and external structures conventionally used in earthworm taxonomy. The μCT projection and reconstruction images have been deposited in the online data repository GigaDB and are publicly available for download.

Conclusions
The dataset presented here shows that earthworms constitute suitable candidates for μCT scanning in combination with soft tissue staining. Not only are the data comparable to results derived from traditional dissection techniques, but due to their digital nature the data also permit computer-based interactive exploration of earthworm morphology and anatomy. The approach pursued here can be applied to freshly fixed as well as museum specimens, which is of particular importance when considering the use of rare or valuable material. Finally, a number of aspects related to the deposition of digital morphological data are briefly discussed.