bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A realist evaluation protocol: assessing the effectiveness of a rapid response team model for mental state deterioration in acute hospitals
Authors: Dziruni Tendayi Bruce , Hutchinson Alison M. , Keppich-Arnold Sandra , Bucknall Tracey 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundMental state deterioration poses significant challenges in healthcare, impacting patients and providers. Symptoms like confusion and agitation can lead to prolonged hospital stays, increased costs, and the use of restrictive interventions. Despite its prevalence, there's a lack of consensus on effective practices for managing mental state deterioration in acute hospital settings. To address this gap, a rapid response team model has been proposed as a potential intervention, aiming to provide early identification and targeted interventions.MethodsBased on realist evaluation steps, first, initial program theories are formulated to understand the logic behind the intervention. Second, literature synthesis identifies empirical evidence on contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes elements, refining initial theories. During the third step, data will be collected using qualitative methods such as field observations and interviews, as well as quantitative methods such as surveys of the staff, audits of electronic medical records, and analysis of incident records of mental state deterioration. Analysing this data informs configurations of contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes. In the fifth step, the configurations are synthesised, presenting refined, evidence-informed program theories.ConclusionThis study addresses the knowledge gap by evaluating the rapid response model's effectiveness in managing mental state deterioration in acute hospital settings. Realist principles guide the exploration of causal mechanisms and their interaction with specific implementation contexts. The objective is to identify what works, for whom, and under what circumstances, aiming to manage deterioration, reduce restrictive interventions, and enhance the experience for patients and staff by implementing a proactive model of care. The findings contribute to evidence-based approaches for managing mental state deterioration in hospital settings, informing policy and practice in this crucial area of healthcare.
Factors associated with lower quarter performance-based balance and strength tests: a cross-sectional analysis from the project baseline health study
Authors: Taylor Kenneth A. , Carroll Megan K. , Short Sarah A. , Celestin Bettia E. , Gilbertson Adam , Olivier Christoph B. , Haddad Francois , Cauwenberghs Nicholas 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesPhysical performance tests are predictive of mortality and may screen for certain health conditions (e.g., sarcopenia); however, their diagnostic and/or prognostic value has primarily been studied in age-limited or disease-specific cohorts. Our objective was to identify the most salient characteristics associated with three lower quarter balance and strength tests in a cohort of community-dwelling adults.MethodsWe applied a stacked elastic net approach on detailed data on sociodemographic, health and health-related behaviors, and biomarker data from the first visit of the Project Baseline Health Study (N = 2,502) to determine which variables were most associated with three physical performance measures: single-legged balance test (SLBT), sitting-rising test (SRT), and 30-second chair-stand test (30CST). Analyses were stratified by age (&lt;65 and ≥65).ResultsFemale sex, Black or African American race, lower educational attainment, and health conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular conditions (e.g., hypertension) were consistently associated with worse performance across all three tests. Several other health conditions were associated with either better or worse test performance, depending on age group and test. C-reactive protein was the only laboratory value associated with performance across age and test groups with some consistency.ConclusionsOur results highlighted previously identified and several novel salient factors associated with performance on the SLBT, SRT, and 30CST. These tests could represent affordable, noninvasive biomarkers of prevalent and/or future disease in adult individuals; future research should validate these findings.
Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03154346, registered on May 15, 2017.
Finite element analysis of a novel anatomical plate in posterolateral plateau fractures
Authors: Jian Zhen , Jiang Xinhua , Li Dejian , Zhou Jianhua , Yu Baoqing , Yi Chengqing 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze the biomechanical characteristics of posterolateral plateau fractures fixed by a novel anatomical plate using finite element analysis.MethodsA three-dimensional digital model of the full length of right tibiofibula was obtained by CT scanning. A posterolateral tibial plateau fracture model was then created. The acquired fracture model was assembled with 4 groups of internal fixations: Group A, novel anatomical plate; Group B, straight buttress plate; Group C, oblique T-shaped locking plate; Group D, two lag screws. Axial loads of 500, 1,000 and 1,500 N perpendicular to the horizontal plane were used to simulate the stress on the lateral plateau of a 65 kg person standing, walking and fast running.ResultsVertical displacements of the posterolateral fragments in each of the four groups gradually increased under loads from 500 N to 1,500 N. The maximum displacement of the fracture fragment in four groups were all located on the lateral side of the proximal part, and the displacement gradually decreased from the proximal part to the distal end. The maximum displacement values under the axial load of 1,500 N was in the following order: novel anatomical plate (1.2365 mm) &lt; oblique T-shaped locking plate (1.314 mm) &lt; two lag screws (1.3747 mm) &lt; straight buttress plate (1.3932 mm). As the axial load increased, the stress value of the different internal fixation models gradually increased. The stress behavior of the same internal fixation model under different loads was similar. The maximum stress value under the axial load of 1,500 N was in the following order: novel anatomical plate (114.63 MPa) &lt; oblique T-shaped locking plate (277.17 MPa) &lt; two lag screws (236.75 MPa) &lt; straight buttress plate (136.2 MPa).ConclusionThe patients with posterolateral plateau fractures fixed with a novel anatomical plate in standing, walking and fast running can achieve satisfactory biomechanical results, which lays the foundation for future applications. At the same time, clinical fracture types are often diverse and accompanied by damage to the soft tissue. Therefore, the ideal surgical approach and appropriate internal fixation must be selected based on the patient's injury condition.
sendigR: an R package to leverage the value of CDISC SEND datasets for cross-study analysis
Authors: Snyder K. , Ahmed C. M. Sabbir , Ali Md Yousuf , Butler S. , DeNieu Michael , Houser W. , Paisley B. , Rosentreter M. , Wang W. , Larsen B. 
Published: July 2024

The CDISC Standard for Exchange of Nonclinical Data (SEND) data standard has created new opportunities for collaborative development of open-source software solutions to facilitate cross-study analyses of toxicology study data. A public–private partnership between BioCelerate and the FDA/Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) was established in part to develop and publicize novel methods to facilitate cross-study analysis of SEND datasets. As part of this work in collaboration with the Pharmaceutical Users Software Exchange (PHUSE), an R package sendigR has been developed to enable users to construct a relational database from a collection of SEND datasets and then query that database to perform cross-study analyses. The sendigR package also includes an integrated Python package, xptcleaner, which can be used to harmonize the terminology used in SEND datasets by mapping to CDISC controlled terminologies. The sendigR R package is freely available on the comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) and at https://github.com/phuse-org/sendigR. An R Shiny web application was included in the R package to enable toxicologists with no coding experience to perform historical control analyses. Experienced R programmers will be able to integrate the package functions into their own custom scripts/packages and potentially contribute improvements to the functionality of sendigR.sendigR reference manual: https://phuse-org.github.io/sendigR/.sendigR R Shiny demo app: https://phuse-org.shinyapps.io/sendigR/.
Efficient Bio-Oxidation of Cellobiose with Engineered Gluconobacter oxydans to Provide Highly Concentrated Cellobionic Acid
Authors: Bieringer Emmeran , Pütthoff Lisa , Zimmermann Arne , de Souza Góes Mariana , Yilmaz Uraz , Ehrenreich Armin , Liebl Wolfgang , Weuster-Botz Dirk 
Published: July 2024

Cellobionic acid (CBA) can be obtained through the oxidation of cellobiose, the monomer of cellulose. CBA serves as a plant-based alternative to its stereoisomer lactobionic acid, which is used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Gluconobacter oxydans is a well-established whole-cell biocatalyst with membrane-bound dehydrogenases (mDH) for regio-specific oxidations. As G. oxydans wildtype cells show low cellobiose oxidation activities, the glucose mDH from Pseudomonas taetrolens was overexpressed in G. oxydans BP9, a multi mDH deletion strain. Whole-cell biotransformation studies were performed with resting cells of the engineered G. oxydans in stirred tank bioreactors. Initial biomass specific cellobionate formation rates increased with increasing cellobiose concentrations up to 190 g L−1, and were constant until the solubility limit. The maximal volumetric CBA formation rates and the oxygen uptake rates increased linearly with the concentration of engineered G. oxydans. This enables the estimation of the maximum biocatalyst concentration limited by the maximum oxygen transfer rate of any bioreactor. Thus, 5.2 g L−1 G. oxydans was sufficient to produce 502 g L−1 CBA with >99% yield in a simple aerobic batch process. The highly concentrated CBA will reduce downstream processing costs considerably after cell separation.
Anticoccidial and Antioxidant Activities of an Ethanolic Extract of Teucrium polium Leaves on Eimeria papillate-Infected Mice
Authors: Maodaa Saleh , Al-Shaebi Esam M. , Abdel-Gaber Rewaida , Alatawi Afaf , Alawwad Sarah , Alhomoud Dalal , Al-Quraishy Saleh 
Published: July 2024

Eimeria spp. are responsible for the economic loss of both domestic and wild animals due to coccidiosis, the most common parasitic disease. The resistance to currently available drugs used to treat coccidiosis has been proven. Medicinal plants that contain physiologically active phytochemicals have been widely used in traditional medicine. Teucrium polium leaf extract (TPLE) has been shown to exhibit pharmacological, antioxidant, and anticoccidial properties in different experiments. Here, our investigation focused on how T. polium leaf extract affected the way that Eimeria papillate caused intestinal injury in mice. Thirty-five male Swiss albino mice were divided into seven groups, as follows: group I: untreated and uninfected (negative control); group II: uninfected, treated group with TPLE (150 mg/kg b.w); and group III: infected untreated (positive control). Groups III–VII were orally administered 103 sporulated E. papillata oocysts. A total of 60 min after infection, groups IV–VI were treated for five successive days with 50, 150, and 250 mg/kg b.w TPLE, respectively, while group VII was treated with amprolium (120 mg/kg b.w.). The mice had been euthanized on the fifth day post-infection, and the jejunum tissues were prepared for histology and oxidative stress studies. A total of 150 mg/kg of TPLE was the most effective dosage, significantly decreasing oocyst output by about 80.5%, accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of developmental parasitic phases in jejunal sections. In addition, the decrease in the number of goblet cells in the jejuna of mice raised after treatment. Also, TPLE greatly diminished the body weight loss of infected mice. Moreover, our research proved that TPLE reduced oxidative damage due to E. papillata infection via decreasing intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and increasing reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels. These results demonstrated that TPLE had potent anticoccidial properties. TPE’s efficacy as a natural antioxidant has also been demonstrated in reducing oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidant systems to mitigate biochemical and histological changes in the jejunum caused by E. papillata.
Age Features of Wideband Absorption of Acoustic Signal by Middle Ear Structures
Authors: Мачалов А.С. , Канафьев Д.М. , Сапожников Я.М. , Мареев В.В. , Карпов В.Л. 
Published: July 2024

Введение. Структуры наружного и среднего уха новорожденного ребенка незрелы при рождении, что отражается на остроте его слуха. Слуховая система проходит анатомическое и функциональное развитие. Период наиболее быстрого развития приходится на период от рождения до трехлетнего возраста. Изменения в процессе взросления не могут не повлиять на показатели широкополосного поглощения сигнала у детей. Цель. Изучить показатели широкополосного поглощения сигнала у детей в процессе взросления. Материалы и методы. Для определения разницы между широкополосным поглощением структур среднего уха в различных возрастных группах нами были обследованы 60 пациентов в возрасте от 1 года до 18 лет, не имеющих патологических изменений со стороны органа слуха. Удовлетворяющим критериям отбора пациентам проводилась широкополосная тимпанометрия с использованием прибора Interacoustics Titan клинической версии. Результаты. На основании проведенного исследования было установлено, что чем меньше ребенок, тем меньше абсорбанс на частотах от 0,25 до 2 кГц. В то же самое время на частотах от 2 до 6 кГц широкополосное поглощение акустического сигнала у детей от 1 года до 11 лет показало одинаково высокие значения (более высокие, чем у взрослых). Показатели пациентов от 12 до 18 лет соответствовали показателям абсорбанса взрослых. Заключение. При проведении широкополосной тимпанометрии в детском возрасте возраст пациента должен учитываться.
Introduction. The outer and middle ear of a newborn is immature at birth. The peripheral auditory system goes through a period of most rapid development from birth to 3 years of age. The above changes in the process of growing up cannot but affect the indicators of broadband signal absorption in children in the process of growing up. Purpose. To study the indicators of broadband signal absorption in children as they grow up. Materials and methods. To determine the difference between the broadband absorption of the structures of the middle ear in different age groups, 60 patients aged 1 to 18 years who did not have pathological changes in the organ of hearing were examined. Eligible patients underwent broadband tympanometry. The Interacoustics Titan clinical version was used for this measurement. Results. The study revealed that the smaller the child, the lower the absorption at frequencies from 0.25 to 2 kHz. At the same time, at frequencies from 2 to 6 kHz, the broadband absorption of the acoustic signal in children from 1 to 11 years old showed equally high values, even higher than in adults. Patients from 12 to 18 years of age corresponded to the absorption rates of adults. Conclusion. From all of the above, we can conclude that the age of the patient should be taken into account when conducting broadband tympanometry in childhood.
Hubungan Durasi Tidur dengan Agresivitas Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Authors: Purba Revand , Sinolungan Jehosua S. V. , David Lydia E. V. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Sleep issues can impact the emotional well-being and behavior of students, particularly in medical education environments. Factors such as stress, physical violence, and increased academic workload may contribute to aggressive behavior among medical students. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and the level of aggression among third semester students of Medical Education Program Universitas Sam Ratulangi. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Primary data were collected using the Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire and sleep duration was categorized based on the recommendation of the National Sleep Foundation. The results showed that the majority of students had not-recommended sleep duration (45.1%), and they exhibited a moderate level of aggression (51.8%). The Spearman test for the relationship between sleep duration and the level of aggression showed a correlation coefficient of 0.095 with a p-value of 0.185. In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between sleep duration and the level of aggression among third semester students of Medical Education Program, Universitas Sam Ratulangi.
Keywords: sleep duration; aggression; medical students

Abstrak: Masalah tidur dapat memengaruhi kesejahteraan emosional dan perilaku mahasiswa, khususnya dalam lingkungan pendidikan kedokteran. Faktor-faktor seperti stres, kekerasan fisik, dan beban akademik yang bertambah dapat berkontribusi pada perilaku agresif mahasiswa kedokteran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara durasi tidur dengan agresivitas pada mahasiswa semester 3Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik korelasi dengan desain potong lintang. Data primer dikumpulkan menggunakan Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire dan durasi tidur dikategorikan menurut National Sleep Foundation. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa semester 3 Prodi Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Sam Ratulangi tidur dalam durasi yang tidak direkomendasikan (45,1%) dan memiliki tingkat agresivitas sedang (51,8%). Hasil uji Spearman terhadap hubungan antara durasi tidur dan tingkat agresivitas mendapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,095 dan nilai signifikansi p=0,185. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara durasi tidur dan tingkat agresivitas pada mahasiswa semester 3 Prodi Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Sam Ratulangi.
Kata kunci: durasi tidur; agresivitas; mahasiswa kedokteran
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Digital Berbasis Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Peserta Didik Kelas V SD
Authors: Kholifah Nur , Yulianti Dwi , Firdaus Rangga , Rohman Fathur 
Published: July 2024

<p>LKPD digital berbasis <em>discovery learning </em>merupakan alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kevalidan, kemudahan, kemenarikan, kebermanfaat, dan efektivitas LKPD digital berbasis <em>discovery learning </em>untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian <em>research and development </em>(R&amp;D), pengembangan dilakukan mengacu pada teori Borg &amp; Gall. Populasi penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas V SD Negeri 1 Sumber Rejo. Subjek dalam penelitian ini 20 peserta didik. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen tes yang valid dan reliabel. Hasil analisis data kevalidan menunjukkan LKPD digital berbasis <em>discovery learning</em> sangat valid untuk digunakan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan <em>N-Gain</em> dengan hasil perhitungan 0,57. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD digital berbasis <em>discovery learning </em>yang dikembangkan valid dan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik sekolah dasar</p>
COVERAGE OF THE PROBLEM OF FATHERS AND CHILDREN IN THE MEDIA
Authors: Вохминцева А.В. , Толкачева А.А. 
Published: July 2024

Роль отцов в воспитании детей долгое время была недооцененной. В первую очередь это связано со стереотипом, берущим свое начало из первобытных времен: женщина оберегает семейный очаг, занимается детьми и создает домашний уют, а мужчина выполняет функцию добытчика. Только в последние десятилетия с прогрессивным развитием общества, в частности изменением ролевых моделей, социум начал осознавать значимость отца в жизни ребенка. Освещение проблемы отношений между отцами и детьми в средствах массовой информации помогает повысить уровень осведомленности аудитории о значимом участии отцов в воспитании и развитии детей, а также расширяет представление о роли и возможностях отцовства.
The role of fathers in parenting has long been underestimated. First of all, this is due to a stereotype originating from primitive times: a woman protects the family hearth, takes care of children and creates a home, and a man performs the function of a breadwinner. Only in recent decades, with the progressive development of society, in particular the change in role models, has society begun to realize the importance of the father in the child's life. The media coverage of the problem of father-child relations helps to raise public awareness of the importance of fathers' participation in the upbringing and development of children, as well as expands the understanding of the role and possibilities of fatherhood.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Dalam Mengerjakan Soal Cerita Materi Trigonometri Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Inquiri Terbimbing
Authors: Wahyuni Indah , Yuliatin Umi , Nurisma Anis , Hasanah Nurul , Maulana M. Agus Mas’ud 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya pemahaman pada siswa SMA disalah satu sekolah swasta di mangli, tepatnya di SMA Islam Al-Hidayah, dengan subjek 20 peserta didik, 6 siswa laki-laki dan 14 siswi perempuan. Siswa mengalami kesulitan pada materi trigonometri karena kurangnya pemahaman konsep dasar dalam materi trigonometri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan pemahaman siswa melalui model pembelajaran inquiri terbimbing. Pembelajaran model inquiri terbimbing adalah pembelajaran yang dalam proses pemecahan suatu masalah atau soal guru berperan penting dalam mengarahkan atau membimbing siswa sampai menemukan jawaban yang tepat. Langkah-langkah dalam model pembelajaran inkuiri terdiri dari orientasi, merumuskan masalah, merumuskan hipotesis, mengumpulkan data, menguji hipotesis, dan merumuskan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil latihan soal yang diberikan peneliti memperoleh 35% dari jumlah siswa yang mampu mengaplikasikan ke dalam rumus dan kurang teliti dalam proses pengerjaan, namun kurang tepat dalam pengaplikasian ke bentuk gambar, 30% dari jumlah siswa yang mampu dalam mengaplikasikan soal cerita ke dalam rumus trigonometri dan teliti dalam proses pengerjaannya, namun kurang tepat dalam pengaplikasian pada gambar, 35% dari jumlah siswa yang benar dalam semua kategori dan menghasilkan jawaban yang benar baik secara rumus ataupun secara gambar.Kata kunci: Trigonometri, Model inkuiri terbimbingÂ Â