bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-183/-96/-182 cluster is up-regulated in most breast cancers and increases cell proliferation and migration
Authors: Li Pei , Sheng Cheng , Huang Lingling , Zhang Hui , Huang Lihua , Cheng Zeneng , Zhu Qubo 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Introduction
The miR-183/-96/-182 cluster is a conserved polycistronic microRNA (miRNA) cluster which is highly expressed in most breast cancers. Although there are some sporadic reports which demonstrate the importance of each miRNA in this cluster in breast cancer, the biological roles of this cluster as a whole and its regulation mechanisms in breast cancer are still unclear. We compared the expression of this cluster in different cancer types, analyzed the regulation mechanism of this cluster, identified new target genes, and examined the impact of this cluster on breast cancer cells.

Methods
The miRNA level was detected by LNA-based northern blot and Real-time PCR, and was also analyzed from TCGA dataset. Bioinformatics research and luciferase assay were applied to find the promoter regions and transcription factors. To investigate the biological effects of the miR-183/-96 /-182 cluster in breast cancer, we generated miR-96, miR-182 and miR-183 overexpression stable cell lines to check the overdose effects; we also used miR-Down™ antagomir for each miRNA as well as miR-183/-96 /-182 cluster sponge lentivirus to check the knockdown effects. Growth, migration, cell cycle profile and survival of these cells was then monitored by colony formation assay, MTT assay, cell wound healing assay, flow cytometry and microscopy. The target gene was validated by Real-time PCR, luciferase assay, Western blot and Phalloidin/DAPI counterstaining.

Results
The miR-183/-96/-182 cluster was highly expressed in most breast cancers, and its transcription is disordered in breast cancer. The miR-183/-96/-182 cluster was transcribed in the same pri-miRNA and its transcription was regulated by ZEB1 and HSF2. It increased breast cell growth by promoting more rapid completion of mitosis, promoted cell migration and was essential for cell survival. MiR-183 targeted the RAB21 mRNA directly in breast cancer.

Conclusion
The miR-183/-96/-182 cluster is up-regulated in most breast cancer. It functions as an oncogene in breast cancer as it increases cell proliferation and migration.
Droperidolv. haloperidol for sedation of aggressive behaviour in acute mental health: Randomised controlled trial
Authors: Calver Leonie , Drinkwater Vincent , Gupta Rahul , Page Colin B. , Isbister Geoffrey K. 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundAgitation and aggression are significant problems in acute psychiatric units. There is little consensus on which drug is most effective and safest for sedation of these patients.AimsTo compare the effectiveness and safety of haloperidolv. droperidol for patients with agitation and aggression.MethodIn a masked, randomised controlled trial (ACTRN12611000565943) intramuscular droperidol (10 mg) was compared with intramuscular haloperidol (10 mg) for adult patients with acute behavioural disturbance in a psychiatric intensive care unit. The primary outcome was time to sedation within 120 min. Secondary outcomes were use of additional sedation, adverse events and staff injuries.ResultsFrom 584 patients, 110 were randomised to haloperidol and 118 to droperidol. Effective sedation occurred in 210 (92%) patients within 120 min. There was no significant difference in median time to sedation: 20 min (interquartile range 15–30, range 10–75) for haloperidolv. 25 min (IQR 15–30, range 10–115) for droperidol (P= 0.89). Additional sedation was used more often with haloperidol (13%v. 5%,P= 0.06), but adverse effects were less common with haloperidol (1%v. 5%,P= 0.12). There were 8 staff injuries.ConclusionsBoth haloperidol and droperidol were effective for sedation of patients with acute behavioural disturbance.
Sex Steroids, Precursors, and Metabolite Deficiencies in Men With Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism and Panhypopituitarism: A GCMS-Based Comparative Study
Authors: Giton Frank , Trabado Séverine , Maione Luigi , Sarfati Julie , Le Bouc Yves , Brailly-Tabard Sylvie , Fiet Jean , Young Jacques 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Context:
Both testicular and adrenal steroid secretions are impaired in men with panhypopituitarism (Hypo-Pit), whereas only testicular steroid secretion is impaired in men with isolated gonadotropin deficiency (IHH) caused by normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism or Kallmann syndrome.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to compare the serum levels of sex steroids, precursors, and metabolites between men with complete IHH and those with Hypo-Pit.

Patients:
We studied 42 healthy men, 16 untreated men with IHH (normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism/Kallmann syndrome) and 23 men with Hypo-Pit (14 with craniopharyngioma, 9 with congenital hypopituitarism) receiving hydrocortisone, thyroxine, and GH replacement therapy but not T.

Methods:
Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GCMS) was used to measure the serum levels of sex steroids [T, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and estradiol (E2)], their precursors (pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenediol, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione), and their metabolites (androsterone, estrone, and estrone sulfate) as well as pregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate esters.

Results:
All the above-mentioned steroids, and notably T, DHT, and E2, were significantly lower in IHH patients than in controls but remained well above the detection limit of the relevant assays. In Hypo-Pit men, all these steroids were dramatically and significantly lower than in IHH. Interestingly, T, DHT, and E2, as well as pregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate esters, were undetectable or barely detectable in the Hypo-Pit men.

Conclusions:
Steroid deficiencies are marked but partial in men with complete IHH. In contrast, men with Hypo-Pit have a very severe overall steroid deficiency. These deficiencies could affect health and quality of life.
Cancer-Related Worry in Canadian Thyroid Cancer Survivors
Authors: Bresner Lauren , Banach Rita , Rodin Gary , Thabane Lehana , Ezzat Shereen , Sawka Anna M. 
Published: November 2014

Context:Little is known about cancer-related worry in thyroid cancer survivors.Objectives:We quantified cancer-related worry in Canadian thyroid cancer survivors and explored associated factors.Design, Setting, and Participants:We performed a cross-sectional, self-administered, written survey of thyroid cancer survivor members of the Thyroid Cancer Canada support group. Independent factors associated with cancer-related worry were identified using a multivariable linear regression analysis.Main Outcome Measure:We used the Assessment of Survivor Concerns (ASC) questionnaire, which includes questions on worry about diagnostic tests, second primary malignancy, recurrence, dying, health, and children's health.Results:The response rate for eligible members was 60.1% (941 of 1567). Most respondents were women (89.0%; 837 of 940), and the age was &lt; 50 years in 54.0% of participants (508 of 941). Thyroid cancer was diagnosed within ≤ 5 years in 66.1% of participants (622 of 940). The mean overall ASC score was 15.34 (SD, 4.7) (on a scale from 6 [least worry] to 24 [most worry]). Factors associated with increased ASC score included: younger age (P &lt; .001), current suspected or proven recurrent/persistent disease (ie, current proven active disease or abnormal diagnostic tests) (P &lt; .001), partnered marital status (P = .021), having children (P = .029), and ≤5 years since thyroid cancer diagnosis (P = .017).Conclusions:In a population of Canadian thyroid cancer survivors, cancer-related worry was greatest in younger survivors and those with either confirmed or suspected disease activity. Family status and time since thyroid cancer diagnosis were also associated with increased worry. More research is needed to confirm these findings and to develop effective preventative and supportive strategies for those at risk.
The Persian translation of the tridoṣa: lexical analogies and conceptual incongruities
Authors: Speziale Fabrizio 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This article examines the way in which Ayurvedic theory of the tridoṣa is translated and interpreted in Persian treatises on Indian medicine such as the Dastūr al-aṭibbā' of the historian Muḥammad Qāsim Firišta (born ca. 978/1570) and the Takmila-yi hindī of Šāh Ahl Allāh (d. 1190/1776), the brother of the theologian of Delhi, Šāh Walī Allāh. The epistemic approach of Indian Muslim authors, based on the conceptual categories of the Greco-Arabic scientific thought, do not aim to extend the existing Persian technical lexicon. Muslim authors describe and comment upon the fundamental concepts of the Ayurvedic physiological doctrine by using few Sanskrit technical terms. The concept of doṣa is rendered through the Arabic term ḫilṭ (humour) and the three substances of the tridoṣa are reduced to the analogous categories of the Greco-Arabic school. This is only apparently a congruous and compatible translation between these two lexica. The translation of the humoral notions by using homologous terms is a delicate hermeneutical action that leads to redefining the conceptual value of some of the terms and the categories involved in the translation.
Iota und Lambda, Sprache und Theorie. Antworten auf Einwände von Sebastian Paasch
Authors: Morscher Edgar 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThis is a reply to objections put forward in the last issue of Conceptus by Sebastian Paasch against my reconstruction of Anselm’s argument in Proslogion II. Paasch’s objections did not result in a correction of my reconstruction; nevertheless, they helped me in improving substantially my arguments in favour of this reconstruction.
Hamblins zweites Fragen-Postulat aus inferentialistischer Sicht
Authors: Kügler Peter 
Published: November 2014

SummaryC. L. Hamblin’s second postulate on questions says that ” knowing what counts as an answer is equivalent to knowing the question.“ This assumption has often been adopted by others, yet it is still in need of interpretation. After presenting Hamblin’s postulate in the context of his essay from 1958, and placing it into the context of the two other postulates advocated there, this paper discusses two early suggestions by C. F. Presley as well as the ” set-of-answers methodology“ in formal approaches to the theory of questions. It then develops a pragmatic view based on an inferentialist semantics (Dummett, Brandom), assuming that the propositional content of questions can be identified with their presuppositions. At the end, Hamblin’s postulate survives in a significantly modified form; it only applies to the propositional content of questions, and understanding a question turns out to be a matter of degree.
Weltanschauungsanalyse und Abduktion
Authors: Radler Jan 
Published: November 2014

SummaryErnst Topitsch’s analysis of world views is presented. His explanatory model consists of an elaborated projection-reflection-scheme. It is argued that the projection is an abductive inference. As a consequence Topitsch’s analysis of world views can be linked to recent developments in the philosophy of science. Finally the question is considered whether the projection can be interpreted as an inference to the best explanation. This is denied because an inference to the best explanation roots in a scientific context, whereas Topitsch’s (abductive) projection obviously does not.
Zur Theorie wissenschaftlicher Zeugenaussagen: Neuraths Protokollsatztheorie in neuer Betrachtung
Authors: Uebel Thomas 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThis paper offers a revision of the author’s previous interpretation of Neurath’s proposal for the form and content of so-called protocol sentences (first given in this journal). Now the ambition to give necessary and sufficient conditions for Neurath’s explicandum is replaced by that to provide a characterisation of central cases. Moreover, Neurath’s proposal is cast in the form of an incipient theory of scientific testimony about observations. In light of the new analysis this paper then links Neurath’s proposal to current debates about the viability of Sellars’ anti-foundationalism and compares testimony and the justification of perceptual knowledge in science and everyday life.
Kitcher and Frege on A Priori Knowledge
Authors: Pfisterer Christoph C. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryIn his book The Nature of Mathematical Knowledge and in a series of articles, Philip Kitcher attacks the traditional conception of a priori mathematical knowledge. The reliabilism he develops as an alternative situates all our knowledge within a psychological framework. However, in Frege’s Epistemology he claims that Frege’s conception of a priori knowledge is compatible with a psychological account. Kitcher attributes to Frege a traditional concept of proof, according to which mathematical and logical proofs are psychological activities. I shall argue that Kitcher’s interpretation conflicts with Frege’s anti-psychologistic injunction against confusing reasons with causes. Moreover, the psychological explanation obscures one of the most interesting features of a priori knowledge.
Unity in the Concept of Function
Authors: Steiner Christian 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThis essay argues that neither the etiological nor the dispositional account of functions conforms to the actual practice by which functions are ascribed in biology. Philip Kitcher’s account, which unifies what is common to both accounts, is assessed against what biologists are actually doing when they ascribe functions. Two problems of Kitcher’s account are identified: it is too liberal and it tends to circularity, insofar as it presupposes teleological notions. Finally, an alternative account of functions is provided by characterizing the system of sentences that report natural history.
What Is Kitcher’s Real Realist Really a Realist about?
Authors: Egg Matthias 
Published: November 2014

SummaryI review Philip Kitcher’s defence of scientific realism against the so-called pessimistic induction. While supporting his overall strategy, I claim that there is a lacuna in Kitcher’s argument, which needs to be filled by spelling out more precisely what parts of scientific theories we should be realists about. I attempt to do this and to show that scientific realism can thereby not only be protected against the pessimistic induction but also against a recent argument by Kyle Stanford, known as the “new induction”.
200 Jahre Pierre-Joseph Proudhon: Zum Begriff des Eigentums
Authors: Senft Gerhard 
Published: November 2014

SummaryContrary to what is usually believed, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865) was not opposed to ownership as such. He believed that to grant people to be “owners” even up to a different degree could have beneficiary effects for the whole of society. This article raises questions about the basis of the conceptual distinction that allowed him to express a negative attitude towards “property” while regarding as positive the social, legal, and economical relationship called “ownership”. In the course of answering these questions I will address Proudhon’s view of what can and cannot explain grave income differences, which ultimately lead him to a criticism of the Contractualist’s picture on which the justification of having authority and power about land and people rests. This will make more intelligible Proudhon’s talk of “the impossibility of property” and is supposed to show that the one very phrase for which Proudhon is famous does not express a self contradictory view. In closing I will also address questions about the dependency of Proudhon’s criticism on particular economical situation of France in the 19th century.
Einfachheit und Wahrscheinlichkeit: Swinburnes c-induktive Argumente für die Existenz Gottes
Authors: Gab Sebastian 
Published: November 2014

Summary
This paper deals with the structure of the so-called c-inductive arguments in Richard Swinburne’s book The Existence of God and attempts to criticize their central concepts and assumptions. One of these concepts is simplicity: it is argued that Swinburne’s concept of simplicity is not unambiguous and that there is no reason to assume a positive correspondence between simplicity and probability. Furthermore, the theistic hypothesis cannot be said to be simple in any sense relevant to Swinburne. The second important concept is explanatory power. It is argued that the method of determining a theory’s probability by means of its explanatory power cannot be applied to the case of theism. Finally, polytheism is considered and it is argued that according to his own principles Swinburne has actually no sufficient reason to prefer monotheism.
On phonological variations in Kafrelsheikh Egyptian Arabic
Authors: Al-Ghalban Laila Abdel-Aal 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This study attempts a close investigation of areal variation in the major phonological features of the Egyptian Arabic spoken in the agrarian northern region of Kafrelsheikh (KEA): their contexts and patterns. Targeting old, rural speech, a survey of all the localities is conducted through recordings of natural speech and a questionnaire. The instrumentally investigated phonological variables in KEA include major allophonic variants, and some typical instances of assimilation, dissimilation, metathesis, sound addition and sound deletion. Most instances of variation in the present data prove to be linguistically conditioned. Analysis shows that the differences between the dialect areas do not involve all the previous variants. KEA roughly seems to have five speech areas, with each enjoying intra-variation and comprising many relic features. Finally, the findings are interpreted with reference to the phonological system of (Egyptian) Arabic as a whole and various models of language variation patterning.
Functional limit theorems for high-level subcritical branching processes in random environment
Authors: Afanasyev Valeriy I. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe paper is concerned with subcritical branching process in random environment. It is assumed that the moment-generating function of steps of the associated random walk is equal to 1 for some positive value of the argument. Functional limit theorems for sizes of various generations and passage times to various levels are put forward.
A Tale of Five Bridges; the use of GNSS for Monitoring the Deflections of Bridges
Authors: Roberts Gethin Wyn , Brown Christopher J. , Tang Xu , Meng Xiaolin , Ogundipe Oluropo 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe first Bridge Monitoring surveying was carried out in 1996 by the authors, through attaching Ashtech ZXII GPS receivers onto the Humber Bridge’ parapet, and gathering and further analysing the resulting 1 Hz RTK GPS data. Various surveys have subsequently been conducted on the Humber Bridge, the Millennium Bridge, the Forth Road Bridge, the Severn Suspension Bridge and the Avonmouth Viaduct. These were all carried out using survey grade carrier phase/pseudorange GPS and later GNSS receivers. These receivers were primarily dual frequency receivers, but the work has also investigated the use of single frequency receivers, gathering data at 1 Hz, 10 Hz, 20 Hz and even 100 Hz. Various aspects of the research conducted are reported here, as well as the historical approach. Conclusions are shown in the paper, as well as lessons learnt during the development of this work. The results are compared to various models that exist of the bridges’ movements, and compare well. The results also illustrate that calculating the frequencies of the movements, as well as looking at the magnitudes of the movements, is an important aspect of this work. It is also shown that in instances where the magnitudes of the movements of the bridge under investigation are small, it is still possible to derive very accurate frequencies of the movements, in comparison to the existing models.
Effects of Imagery on Effort Perception and Cycling Endurance
Authors: Razon Selen , Mandler Kyle , Arsal Guler , Tokac Umit , Tenenbaum Gershon 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The effect of associative and dissociative imagery was tested on a range of psychological-, physiological-, and performance-related variables during a progressive cycling task using a quantitative approach. Participants (n = 45) were randomly assigned to dissociative imagery, associative imagery, and no imagery conditions and performed a progressive cycling task at 10% above anaerobic threshold up to the point of volitional fatigue. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE), attention focus, and heart rate were monitored and assessed at 1-min intervals. Lactic acid (LA) accumulation was recorded at RPE = 5 (i.e. “strong effort”) and at the point of volitional fatigue. A series of repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that relative to their counterparts who were not using imagery, participants who used imagery accumulated higher levels of LA in blood. Despite some of the non-significant results, present effect sizes seemed to indicate that dissociative imagery may help decrease perception of effort, and associative imagery may help increase time on task.
Race Tracking and Related Issues in Liquid Composite Moulding Process
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Shukla Mukul 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRace tracking is movement of the resin along the sides, inside the mould in between the gaps of the preform and the mould; it is also the path of least friction in the flow. The issues related to design of the infusion set up to minimize the race tracking and methods of avoiding the race tracking during the infusion are highlighted in the paper. Presence of race tracking in a two-dimensional (2-D) radial infusion schemes, and the average increase in the thickness of the preform due to race tracking is evaluated here with different infusion strategy. Setups having the same material properties, and mould size are used for better comparison. The setup dimensional aspect for race tracking free infusion is also highlighted in the paper. Further numerical simulation of three different infusion strategies in the radial two-dimensional infusions is carried out to closely understand race tracking and its implications.
Beurteilung des Feuchteverhaltens von Natursteinfassaden durch Kombination von rechnerischen und experimentellen Untersuchungsmethoden
Authors: Künzel Hartwig M. , Krus Martin 
Published: November 2014

Zusammenfassung
Das Feuchteverhalten von bewitterten Natursteinbauteilen hat einen entscheidenden Einfluß auf deren Verwitterungsresistenz und die Wirkung von Schutzmittelbehandlungen. Da die genaue Erfassung der sich zeitlich verändernden Feuchteverteilungen am Objekt praktisch unmöglich ist, werden eine rechnerische und eine experimentelle Untersuchungsmethode vorgestellt, die Objektmessungen so weit wie möglich ersetzen und darüber hinaus die Auswirkungen von geplanten Sanierungsmaßnahmen abschätzen sollen. Die Berechnungen, die auf mehrfach experimentell verifizierten Wärme- und Feuchtetransportansätzen basieren, erfordern die Bestimmung oder Abschätzung der wesentlichen hygr other mischen Stoffkennwerte der betrachteten Baustoffe. Die experimentellen Untersuchungen erfolgen durch regelmäßige Feuchteprofil- und Temper aturmessungen an ausgewählten Prüfkörpern, die auf der einen Seite der freien Bewitterung und auf der anderen Seite entsprechend angepaßten Raumklimabedingungen ausgesetzt sind. Der Ergebnisvergleich beider Untersuchungsmethoden anhand des Beispiels einer Natursteinfassade zeigt eine gute Übereinstimmung und läßt daher die Schlußfolgerungen zu, da/3 durch eine Kombination dieser Methoden die Möglichkeit einer hinreichend genauen Beurteilung des Feuchteverhaltens und der Wirkung von Schutzmittelbehandlungen gegeben ist.