bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood-Level Racial/Ethnic Residential Segregation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Kershaw Kiarri N. , Osypuk Theresa L. , Do D. Phuong , De Chavez Peter J. , Diez Roux Ana V. 
Published: December 2014

Background—
Previous research suggests that neighborhood-level racial/ethnic residential segregation is linked to health, but it has not been studied prospectively in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods and Results—

Participants were 1595 non-Hispanic black, 2345 non-Hispanic white, and 1289 Hispanic adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis free of CVD at baseline (aged 45–84 years). Own-group racial/ethnic residential segregation was assessed by using the
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i

* statistic, a measure of how the neighborhood racial/ethnic composition deviates from surrounding counties’ racial/ethnic composition. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios for incident CVD (first definite angina, probable angina followed by revascularization, myocardial infarction, resuscitated cardiac arrest, coronary heart disease death, stroke, or stroke death) over 10.2 median years of follow-up. Among blacks, each standard deviation increase in black segregation was associated with a 12% higher hazard of developing CVD after adjusting for demographics (95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.22). This association persisted after adjustment for neighborhood-level characteristics, individual socioeconomic position, and CVD risk factors (hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.23). For whites, higher white segregation was associated with lower CVD risk after adjusting for demographics (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.81–0.96), but not after further adjustment for neighborhood characteristics. Segregation was not associated with CVD risk among Hispanics. Similar results were obtained after adjusting for time-varying segregation and covariates.

Conclusions—
The association of residential segregation with cardiovascular risk varies according to race/ethnicity. Further work is needed to better characterize the individual- and neighborhood-level pathways linking segregation to CVD risk.
Morphological and phylogenetic characterization of seven species of Vaucheria (Xanthophyceae), including two new species, from contrasting habitats in New Zealand
Authors: Muralidhar Abishek , BROADY PAUL A. , MACINTYRE DUNCAN P. , WILCOX MICHAEL D. , GARRILL ASHLEY , NOVIS PHIL M. 
Published: November 2014

Vaucheria is a genus of yellow-green algae, the taxonomy of which is based on the morphology of antheridia and oogonia. Distribution of Vaucheria in New Zealand is poorly understood. Only two studies have investigated phylogenetic relationships in the genus world-wide and these omitted some of the diversity found in New Zealand. We identified seven species of Vaucheria based on morphology of their reproductive structures. Two were described as new species (V. aestuarii and V. edaphica), two were reported for the first time from New Zealand (V. erythrospora and V. litorea), one has been reported previously (V. bursata), and the identification of the remaining two was inconclusive (Vaucheria cf. borealis and Vaucheria cf. conifera). The genetic variation and phylogenetic position of these species were studied using phylogenetic analyses of rbcL sequences. These showed the existence of morphologically indistinguishable cryptic species complexes in sect. Corniculatae. Our results were mostly consistent with the current morphology-based sectional classification of the genus.
iSybislaw sprzymierzeńcem studentów, doktorantów oraz pracowników naukowych
Authors: Fastyn Marcin 
Published: November 2014

iSybislaw is a Bibliographic Database for students, post-graduate students and researchersIn this paper the iSybislaw bibliographic database of World Slavic Linguistics publications is presented. The author demonstrates its vast potential as a research tool and citation source, concentrating on the possibilities of using all iSybislaw functions and options in university teaching and scientific research. The author points out that the database can be used not only by students and scientists of Slavic, Polish and Russian philology, but also, even if to a lesser extent, for philologies and linguistics of all languages. iSybislaw sprzymierzeńcem studentów, doktorantów oraz pracowników naukowychW pracy prezentowana jest bibliograficzna baza danych publikacji z zakresu światowego językoznawstwa slawistycznego. Autor pokazuje jej olbrzymi potencjał jako źródła informacji i cytowań, koncentrując się na możliwościach wykorzystania wszystkich funkcji iSybislawa w nauczaniu uniwersyteckim i pracy naukowej. Zostało podkreślone, że baza danych iSybislaw może być użyteczna nie tylko dla studentów i naukowców zajmujących się slawistyką, polonistyką i rusycystyką, ale także, nawet jeśli w mniejszym stopniu, dla filologów wszystkich języków oraz językoznawców.
Transoral Submandibular Ganglion Neurectomy
Authors: Spock Todd , Hoffman Henry T. , Joshi Arjun S. 
Published: November 2014

Background: The management of sialorrhea can be difficult for both the patient and the clinician. Current management includes behavioral modification, anticholinergics, botulinum injections, and a variety of surgical options, which all have demonstrated some efficacy. As minimally invasive procedures flourish, we explore the feasibility of highly selective transoral submandibular neurectomy (TOSN) for the management of sialorrhea. Methods: Ten human cadaver dissections of the floor of mouth were performed bilaterally, for a total of 20 separate cases. An intraoral technique for highly selective, submandibular ganglion neurectomy is demonstrated. Results: A transoral submandibular ganglion neurectomy was performed in 10 cadavers (20 neurectomies) easily and reliably, without injury to the submandibular duct or the main trunk of the lingual nerve. Conclusion: Transoral submandibular neurectomy is an attractive addition to the armamentarium of surgical options for the treatment of medically intractable sialorrhea. Further study in selected patients would need to be performed to demonstrate clinical feasibility.
Selection and Fusion of Categorical Predictors with L0-Type Penalties
Authors: Oelker Margret-Ruth , Pößnecker Wolfgang , Tutz Gerhard 
Published: November 2014

In regression modelling, categorical covariates have to be coded. Depending on the number of categorical covariates and on the number of levels they have, the number of coefficients can become huge. To reduce the model complexity, coefficients of similar categories should be fused and coefficients of non-influential categories should be set to zero. To this end, Lasso-type penalties on the differences of coefficients are a standard approach. However, the clustering/selection performance of this approach is sometimes poor–especially when the adaptive weights are badly conditioned or not existing. In some situations, there is no incentive to cluster similar categories. To overcome this, a [Formula: see text] penalty on the differences of coefficients is proposed, whereby the [Formula: see text] ‘norm’ is defined as the number of non-zero entries in a vector. The proposed penalty favours to find clusters of categories that share the same effect on the response variable while the estimation accuracy is comparable to Lasso-type penalties. Numerical experiments within the framework of generalized linear models are promising. For illustration, data on the unemployment rates in Germany is analyzed.
Evaluation of the Sagittal Saw Blade as an Intraoperative Fomite During Diabetic Foot Surgery
Authors: Creech Corine L. , Malan Jared R. , Meyr Andrew J. 
Published: November 2014

Surgical site infection is a major potential complication of all operative interventions, and the diabetic foot is particularly at risk for bacterial recontamination and infectious sequelae. The objective of this study was to identify whether the sagittal saw blade used during partial foot amputations and diabetic foot debridements carries the potential to serve as a bacterial fomite. We physically cultured the sagittal saw blade during 20 foot debridements involving the resection of bone in patients diagnosed with a diabetic foot infection. The culture was taken after the initial debridement and during the irrigation phase of the procedure. We observed 16 positive routine intraoperative culture results, with positive saw blade culture results in 15 (93.8%; 15/16) of these cases. In 14 (93.3%; 14/15) of these cases, the saw blade culture grew at least one of the same bacteria as our other routine intraoperative cultures. We observed 4 negative routine intraoperative culture results, with negative saw blade culture results in 3 (75.0%; 3/4) of these cases. This results in agreement between routine intraoperative cultures and saw blade culture of 85.0% (17/20). The results of this investigation demonstrate that the sagittal saw blade used for osseous resection during diabetic foot debridements and partial foot amputations carries the potential for intraoperative bacterial transmission. We recommend changing at least the sagittal saw blade if more bone is resected following irrigation, particularly if it is used to obtain a “clean margin” for microbiological or histological examination. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case series
Can an Anatomical ACL Reconstruction be Performed with Two Standart Portals?
Authors: Avcı Cem Coşkun , Koca Hüseyin , Sağlam Necdet , Kurtulmuş Tuhan , Saka Gürsel 
Published: December 2014

Objectives: Recent studies have demonstrated that ACL reconstruction via anatomic tunnel placement would provide superior stability. In order to achieve an anatomic femoral tunnel, accessory anteromedial portal (three-portal tecnique) and medial Hoffa excision is necessary. Femoral tunnel drilling through a far anteromedial portal facilitates anatomic tunnel placement but can also results in shorter femoral tunnel and articular cartilage damage of the medial femoral condyle. Our purpose in this study was to evaluate whether an anatomic single bundle ACL reconstruction can be performed with the use of the two standart portals (anteromedial and anterolateral). Methods: Fifty seven patient underwent single bundle ACL reconstruction in our clinic between 2012-2014, with the use of either standart portals or three-portal tecnique. We measured the tunnel length and and femoral tunnel angle in coronal plane to assess the reconstruction. Two portals group included thirty -three patients (twenty-nine males, four females with a mean age of 27±2,4) and three portals group included twenty–four patients (twenty-three males, one female with a mean age of 26±2,9). All patients were evaluated with computerized tomography (CT) scans to determine femoral tunnel length and obliquity. Tunnel length was defined as the distance between the intra-articular and extra-articular tunnel apertures in coronal sections. Femoral tunnel angle was measured in the coronal plane on AP radiographs of the knee. For statistical analysis, student t test was used for normal categorical data. A p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Average tunnel length was 44.2 ±6.8 mm (range: 32.6-55.2) in two portals group and 32.8±7.9 mm (range: 24.8-43.2) in three portal group. The average tunnel length in three portal group was significantly smaller (p<0.05). According to radiographic measurement on the AP view, femoral tunnel angle averaged 48.20±7.10 (range:38.60-56.10) in two portals group and 47.20±6,30 (range: 39.40-55.20) in three portals group. This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.2). Conclusion: Femoral tunnels drilled with standart two-portal tecnique were longer than three-portal tecnique. However, femoral tunnel angles was not different in two groups. Tunnel characteristic in terms of anatomic position was obtained with standart two-portal tecnique. Consequently, femoral tunnels can be placed anatomically with standart portals.
Achilles Tendon Open Repair Augmented with Volar Turndown Tendon Flap and Deep Posterior Crural Fasciotomy
Authors: Özer Hamza , Selek Hakan , Harput Gülcan , Öznur Ali , Baltacı Gül 
Published: December 2014

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the outcomes after open repair of Achilles tendon rupture with augmented volar turndown gastrocnemius flap and deep posterior crural fasciotomy. Methods: Twenty-three (22male/1female) patients with acute Achilles tendon injury were operated. Open end to end repair and augmentation with a volar turndown gastrocnemius flap and fasciotomy of the deep posterior compartment was performed in each patient. Home physiotherapy program was instructed for each patient. Muscle strength, balance and jump performance were assessed. Results: All patients returned to their preinjury activity level and repairs healed without any major complication. One patient had serous drainage who did not require surgical intervention (4,3%). There was no significant difference between involved and uninvolved leg in terms of concentric and eccentric muscle strength (p=0.82 and p=0.53, respectively). In Y balance test, there was no significant difference between involved and uninvolved legs in anterior (p=0.06), posteromedial (p=0.97) and posterolateral (p=1.00). In addition, there were no significant differences between leg in vertical jump (p=0.16) and one leg hop (p=0.15) tests. AOFAS Hindfoot score was 98.6±2.3 (93-100). Conclusion: Open end to end repair of the Achilles tendon rupture with augmentation and fasciotomy of the deep posterior compartment healed without any major complication. Fasciotomy of the deep posterior compartment decreased the tension at the skin repair site while decompressing the supeficial compartment anteriorly. Additionally, the augmented bulky repair construct of the Achilles tendon cambered volarly through the deep posterior compartment and decreased irritation sense during and after tendon healing.
Indications and Results of Hip Arthroscopy in 288 Consecutive Patients with a Minimum Follow-Up of 6 Months
Authors: Papavasiliou Athanasios V , Koukoulias Nikolaos , Sinopidis Christos 
Published: December 2014

Objectives: We present the indications and results of hip arthroscopy of a series of 288 consecutive patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months (to 4 years). Methods: 288 patients underwent hip arthroscopy between 2009 and 2013. Forty patients were lost in follow-up. For the clinical assessment of the remaining 248 patients, we used the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) pre-operatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-operatively. We documented patients in respect to age (mean age was 36, range 16 to 68), sex (178 males, 70 females), indication for arthroscopy (159 femoroacetabular impingement-FAI, 37 osteoarthritis-OA, 15 diagnostic, 10 for osteonecrosis-AVN, 6 post-traumatic(fracture-dislocation), 15 for traumatic labral tear, 5 for synovial osteochondromatosis and one for post-op adhesions), the correlation of pre-operative imaging and arthroscopic findings, surgical time, use of image intensifier and complications. The patient was placed in lateral position in 105 cases and supine in 143 cases. Results: In the majority of patients, FAI was the primary diagnosis where the mHHS showed an improvement from 51 to 92 post-operatively. In 37, OA was the primary diagnosis; 16 required joint replacement within 14 months post arthroscopy. In OA, joint space less than 2 mm and presenceof bone edema of the femoral head in the pre-operative MRI were poor prognostic factors. In ten out of 15 patients diagnostic chondral injuries were present. Complications: One transient femoral nerve palsy, one superficial wound infection, two cases of instrument breakage within the joint which were successfully removed without sequelae and one inability to access safely the central compartment. Conclusion: The main indication for hip arthroscopy today is FAI. With proper indications, hip arthroscopy can significantly improve patient’s symptoms in most cases.
Comparison of Knee Proprioception Between Blind and Healthy Sportsmen
Authors: Şilil Mehtap Kaçmaz , Sargın Serdar , Atik Aziz , Meriç Gökhan , Özer Muhammet , Akseki Devrim 
Published: December 2014

Objectives: Visual sense and proprioception have a big role in motion control. Visual communication ensures the data in proprioceptive period. The other senses of blind people are improved because of the lack of the visual ability but there are not enough data for the proprioceptive quality. The purpose of this study is to compare the knee joint proprioception of the blind and normal sportsmen and figure out the prorioceptive quality. Methods: 16 visually-challenged sportsmen (12 males and 4 females) with an average age 23.6 ±3.1(ranging from 20 to 30), and 16 healthy sportsmen (12 males and 4 females) with an average age 23.5 ±3.5 (ranging from 20 to 29) from the same sport branches were included in the study. Knee joint proprioception of the subjects in the target angle was measured. Angle repeating test was used via digital goniometer which was sensitive to 1 degree. For the statistical analyses of the data Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests were used. Results: There were no differences between knee proprioceptions of dominant and non-dominant extremities in both groups. When dominant extremities were compared, blind athletes got less wrong in 15 degrees measurements statistically (p<0.05). All other comparisons revealed no statisticaly significant difference in both groups. Conclusion: It has been determined that the knee joint proprioception of the visually-challenged sportsmen are better than the normal sportsmen. If the normal sportsmen do the training with their eyes closed, the quality of their knee joint proprioception may improve.
The Association Between Knee Pain, Symptoms, Function and Quality af Life After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction at Short-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Gülbahar Selmin , Aydoğmuş Hüseyin , Velioğlu Merve , Şahin Ebru , Tatari Hasan , Pınar Halit , Akalın Elif 
Published: December 2014

Objectives: To investigate the associations between pain, symptoms, function and knee-related quality of life (QOL) after ACL reconstruction at short-term follow-up Methods: Twenty patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction were included in the study. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-Turkish (KOOS-T) was used to evaluate knee pain, other symptoms (symptoms), activities of daily living and sport and recreation (Sport/Rec). Quality of life was assessed with Short Form (SF)-36. Lysholm knee scoring scale was used for clinical evaluation. Results: The mean age of patients was 28. 2 ± 5.5 and the mean time passed after surgery was 38.22 ± 24.7 weeks. A significant correlation (p<0, 05) was found between KOOS-T pain, activities of daily living subscales and all SF-36 subscale scores and both physical component and mental component summary scores. KOOS symptoms and Sports/Rec subscales were correlated with physical and social functioning subscale scores and mental component summary scores of SF-36. Symptoms subscale was also correlated with vitality subscale of SF-36. There was no correlation between SF-36 scores and age and time passed after surgery. Lysholm score was also correlated with most of the subscales of SF-36 but especially with physical component summary score. Conclusion: The QOL of patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction was significantly correlated with pain and activities of daily living. The mental health subscales of SF-36 also correlated with pain, symptoms, ADL and Sports/Rec suggesting that apart from the physical impairment, mental health is also an important clinical issue in patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction.
The Effect of Short-Time Pre-Season Intensive, Neuromuscular Training on Postural Stability on Elite Football Players
Authors: Kowalczyk Małgorzata , Łoboda Natalia , Śmigielski Robert , Popieluch Marcin 
Published: December 2014

Objectives: Adequate neuromuscular training is proven to be of enormous importance in the prevention of injuries. It enhances the ability to use somatosensory information, which improves postural capabilities, reduces injury ratios and improves player’s sport performance. We hypothesized that a short-time (3 week) intensive neuromuscular training would significantly improve postural balance of professional football players. We also hypothesized that the non-dominant leg of football players would show a better level of stability than the dominant leg (kicking leg). Methods: Sixteen professional soccer players participated in the study. They were tested before and after the 3-week training period. The controlled grup consisted of 20 players that were tested twice in 3-week period. The study was performed with a use of stabliographic platform, which is based on the measurement and analysis of center of pressure movement (COP). Players were tested during one leg stance with eyes opened and closed. Results: After a period of neuromuscular training football players show statistically better postural control (p <0.05) for both the dominant and non-dominant leg for the test with eyes open and also comparing to the controlled group. The non-dominant leg did not show a better level of stability than the dominant leg. Conclusion: The postural stability of professional football players was better after the 3-week intensive neuromuscular training. A combination of balance, coordination, agility, core and trunk control appears to be a successful training schedule to improve postural balance and reduce injury in football.