bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure–Performance Correlation of Nanocellulose‐Based Polymer Electrolytes for Efficient Quasi‐solid DSSCs
Authors: Chiappone Annalisa , Bella Federico , Nair Jijeesh R. , Meligrana Giuseppina , Bongiovanni Roberta , Gerbaldi Claudio 
Published: August 2014

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the work of Dr. C. Gerbaldi and co‐workers at Politecnico di Torino (Italy), in collaboration with the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. The cover image indicates the use of natural cellulose to improve photon uptake in quasi‐solid dye‐sensitized solar cells. The authors’ tag‐line is “back to cellulose for a sustainable futuristic energy ecosystem supply”. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/celc.201402051.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ag8(Ge1−x,Snx)(S6−y,Sey) Colloidal Nanocrystals
Authors: Zhou Bin , Xing Yedi , Miao Shu , Li Mingrun , Zhang Wen‐Hua , Li Can 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA facile colloidal approach to synthesize Ag8(Ge1−x,Snx)(S6−y,Sey) nanocrystals (NCs) in a highly controlled way across the entire compositional ranges (0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤6) has been developed. The NCs exhibit a uniform size distribution, highly crystalline structure, over 1 g scalable synthesis, and tunable band gaps in the range of 0.88–1.45 eV by varying their chemical compositions. The Ag8GeS6 NCs with a band gap of approximately 1.45 eV were employed as a model light harvester to assess their applicability in solar cells by a full solution‐processing device, yielding an efficiency of 0.28 % under AM1.5 illumination, demonstrating their application potential in solar energy utilization.
An Efficient Rose Bengal Based Nanoplatform for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Gianotti Enrica , Martins Estevão Bianca , Cucinotta Fabio , Hioka Noboru , Rizzi Manuela , Renò Filippo , Marchese Leonardo 
Published: August 2014

AbstractOrganically modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) containing rose bengal (RB), a xanthene dye, were successfully synthesized. RB‐modified MSNs have shown a relevant photostability and a high efficiency in the photoproduction and delivery of singlet oxygen (1O2), which is particularly promising for photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. In vitro tests have evidenced that RB‐MSNs are able to reduce cell proliferation in one of the most aggressive skin cancer types (SK‐MEL‐28) after green‐light irradiation.
IgA kappa/IgA lambda heavy/light chain assessment in the management of patients with IgA myeloma
Authors: Boyle Eileen M. , Fouquet Guillemette , Guidez Stéphanie , Bonnet Sarah , Demarquette Helene , Dulery Remy , Herbaux Charles , Noel Marie Pierre , Manier Salomon , Schraen Suzanna , Onraed Brigitte , Faucompré Jean‐Luc , Hennache Bernadette , Petillon Marie Odile , Mathiot Claire , Avet‐Loiseau Herve , Facon Thierry , Harding Stephen J. , Moreau Philippe , Leleu Xavier 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUNDAccurate quantification of immunoglobulin A (IgA) monoclonal immunoglobulins by serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) can be difficult and can impact the assessment of response among patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Therefore, there is a need to identify new assays that better reflect disease burden and response to treatment, and correlate with patient outcome. IgA Hevylite (HLC) measures IgA kappa and IgA lambda separately and provides precise quantitative measurements of the monoclonal IgA expression and polyclonal‐isotype matched suppression. In the current study, the authors assessed the usefulness of these assays in the diagnosis of IgA MM and sought to comment on the prognostic value of the assays.METHODSA study of 157 patients with IgA MM for whom diagnostic samples were available was performed. HLC measurements were performed on a nephelometer and the results were compared with those of electrophoresis.RESULTSAll presentation sera (100 IgA kappa specimens and 57 IgA lambda specimens) were found to have abnormal IgA HLC ratios (IgA kappa median ratio: 336.2 [range, 8.2‐7353] and IgA lambda ratio: 0.011 [range, 0.0003‐0.45]). In comparison, SPEP bands were quantifiable in only 105 of 157 samples (67%) (median, 28.5 g/L [range, 2.2 g/L‐98 g/L]). Of the total of 157 patients, 12 patients (8%) presented with oligosecretory myeloma (<10 g/L; including 4 patients with nonquantifiable SPEP bands). HLC uniquely allows for the measurement of isotype paired suppression, which was found to be associated with shortened overall survival in the current study.CONCLUSIONSIn the current study, IgA HLC ratios were found to be abnormal in all patients and the assay was able to produce quantifiable results in more MM sera than either SPEP or total IgA, potentially representing a solution to the issue of comigration and oligosecretory MM. These preliminary data require confirmation in larger prospective trials to validate the usefulness of IgA HLC. Cancer 2014;120:3952–3957. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Locked‐in Biomimetic Surface Gradients that are Tunable in Size, Density and Functionalization
Authors: Krabbenborg Sven O. , van Weerd Jasper , Karperien Marcel , Jonkheijm Pascal , Huskens Jurriaan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractTuneable and stable surface‐chemical gradients in supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) hold great promise for a range of applications in biological sensing and screening. Yet, until now, no method has been reported that provides temporal control of SLB gradients. Herein we report on the development of locked‐in SLB gradients that can be tuned in space, time and density by applying a process to control lipid phase behaviour, electric field and temperature. Stable gradients of charged Texas‐Red‐, serine‐ or biotin‐terminated lipids have been prepared. For example, the Texas‐Red surface density was varied from 0 to 2 mol %, while the length was varied between several tens to several hundreds of microns. At room temperature the gradients are shown to be stable up to 24 h, while at 60 °C the gradients could be erased in 30 min. Covalent and non‐covalent chemical modification of the gradients is demonstrated, for example, by FITC, hexahistidine‐tagged proteins, and SAv/biotin. The amenability to various (bio)chemistries paves the way for novel SLB‐based gradients, useful in sensing, high‐throughput screening and for understanding dynamic biological processes.
Synthesis of Cross‐Linked Glycopeptides and Ureas by a Mechanochemical, Solvent‐Free Reaction and Determination of Their Structural Properties by TEM and X‐ray Crystallography
Authors: Kumar Vajinder , Giri Santosh Kumar , Venugopalan Paloth , Kartha K. P. Ravindranathan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA highly efficient and cost‐effective green method for the synthesis of complex glycopeptides and ureas mediated by carbonyl diimidazole under solvent‐free conditions is reported. The reactions could be performed conveniently in a planetary ball mill by dry grinding, and the isolation of the novel sugar derivatives thus produced could be very efficiently achieved by size exclusion chromatography with environmentally benign substances. A diacetone galactose based diamide, upon crystallization, could be examined by X‐ray crystallography and was found to possess a heart‐shaped structure. Although the 4‐aminophenyl galactoside based diamide synthesized formed spherical particles, the alanine‐based diamide formed nanofilamentous/‐tubular structures as analyzed by TEM imaging.
Redox‐Initiated Hydrogel System for Detection and Real‐Time Imaging of Cellulolytic Enzyme Activity
Authors: Malinowska Klara H. , Verdorfer Tobias , Meinhold Aylin , Milles Lukas F. , Funk Victor , Gaub Hermann E. , Nash Michael A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractUnderstanding the process of biomass degradation by cellulolytic enzymes is of urgent importance for biofuel and chemical production. Optimizing pretreatment conditions and improving enzyme formulations both require assays to quantify saccharification products on solid substrates. Typically, such assays are performed using freely diffusing fluorophores or dyes that measure reducing polysaccharide chain ends. These methods have thus far not allowed spatial localization of hydrolysis activity to specific substrate locations with identifiable morphological features. Here we describe a hydrogel reagent signaling (HyReS) system that amplifies saccharification products and initiates crosslinking of a hydrogel that localizes to locations of cellulose hydrolysis, allowing for imaging of the degradation process in real time. Optical detection of the gel in a rapid parallel format on synthetic and natural pretreated solid substrates was used to quantify activity of T. emersonii and T. reesei enzyme cocktails. When combined with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and AFM imaging, the reagent system provided a means to visualize enzyme activity in real‐time with high spatial resolution (<2 μm). These results demonstrate the versatility of the HyReS system in detecting cellulolytic enzyme activity and suggest new opportunities in real‐time chemical imaging of biomass depolymerization.
Development of Biosensor for Catechol Using Electrosynthesized Poly(3‐methylthiophene) and Incorporation of LAC Simultaneously
Authors: Sethuraman V. , Muthuraja P. , Sethupathy M. , Manisankar P. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSimultaneous electropolymerization of 3‐methylthiophene and incorporation of Laccase (LAC) was carried out in the presence of propylene carbonate as a medium by amperometric method. This enzyme modified electrode was used for the sensing of polyphenol. Catechol is taken as a model compound for the study. UV‐Vis spectral studies suggest no denaturation of LAC in presence of propylene carbonate. The SEM studies reveal the surface morphology and incorporation of LAC in P3MT with agglomerated flaky masses are observed in with and without enzyme micrographs. The cyclic voltammograms were recorded for 0.01 mM catechol on plain glassy carbon, polymer and enzyme incorporated electrodes at pH 6.0 and scan rate 50 mV s−1. The fabricated electrochemical biosensor was used for the determination of catechol in aqueous solution by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) technique. The concentration linear range of 8×10−8 to 1.4×10−5 M a value of MichealisMenten constant Km=7.67 µmol dm−3 and activation energy is 32.75 kJ mol−1. It retains 83 % of the original activity after 60 days which is much higher than that of other biosensors. The developed biosensor was used to quantify catechol in the determination in real samples.
Electrochemical Detection of Sulfanilamide Using Pencil Graphite Electrode Based on Molecular Imprinting Technology
Authors: Tadi Kiran Kumar , Motghare R. V. , Ganesh V. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMolecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for sulfanilamide (SN) sensing is prepared through in‐situ electropolymerization of pyrrole (Py) on pencil graphite electrode (PGE). Computational study using density functional theory with B3LYP level is performed to analyze and evaluate the template‐monomer geometry. Among the various functional monomers studied pyrrole is found to have the highest binding interaction energy with SN and it is chosen as a functional monomer. Electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of SN on PGE is carried out using cyclic voltammetry. Structural morphology of the imprinted polymer is characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) studies. Quantitative measurements of MIP based SN detection are performed by using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry studies. Several important kinetic parameters influencing the performance of SN sensor such as limit of detection, linear concentration range and sensitivity etc. are determined and analyzed. Under the optimized conditions, MIP based SN sensor proposed in this work has a very low detection limit of 2.0×10−8 M (S/N=3) and possesses two linear ranges from 5.0×10−8 to 1.1×10−6 M and 1.1×10−6 to 48×10−6 M with a sensitivity value of 1.158 and 0.012 µA/µM respectively. This particular sensor shows a good selectivity towards SN in presence of potential other structural analogue interferences namely sulfamethaxazole, sulfathiazole and sulfadiazine. Furthermore, the fabricated sensor is successfully applied to quantitatively determine and analyze SN present in spiked human serum and ground water samples.
The role of postnatal neurogenesis in supporting remote memory and spatial metric processing
Authors: Kesner Raymond P. , Hui Xu , Sommer Taylor , Wright Casey , Barrera Vanessa R. , Fanselow Michael S. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, we determined the contribution of juvenile neurogenesis to the performance of mice on a remote memory for temporally based association task and in a novelty based spatial pattern separation task. This was accomplished by mating homozygous DNMT1‐loxP mice with heterozygous GFAP‐Cre mice and comparing Cre+ (no postnatal neurogenesis) to Cre− (wild type) littermate offspring. The results indicate that Cre+ mice are impaired relative to Cre− mice in the remote memory for a temporal based association task and in a novelty based spatial pattern separation task. These results support the temporal integration model of Aimone et al., [(2006) Nat Neurosci 9:723–727] and provide further support for an important role for postnatally born neurons in spatial pattern separation. In contrast, Cre+ mice are not impaired relative to Cre− mice in an object‐context recognition task and a spatial location recognition task. These latter data suggest that postnatally derived neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) do not support all spatial and object recognition functions of the DG. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increasing trends in heavy rain during the warm season in eastern Japan and its relation to moisture variation and topographic convergence
Authors: Iwasaki Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTUsing 34 years of hourly observational data collected from 1976 to 2009, the frequency of hourly heavy‐rain events during the warm season in eastern Japan was studied. A significant regional trend of heavy rain was not recognized over the area as a whole; however, stations with increasing trends in heavy rain were detected when daytime convergences towards the central mountains were strong. These stations were concentrated in a mesoscale region at the southern foot of the mountains in the northern Kanto district. In addition, the surface‐specific humidity (qsfc) in the mountainous region nearby also displayed an increasing trend, which was correlated with the increasing frequency of hourly heavy‐rain events. It is thought that the mechanism driving the recent increasing trend in heavy rain is an increase in qsfc in the mountainous region under the conditions that mesoscale convergence of surface winds developed.
Effect of genetic and climatic variability on the metabolic profiles of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) seeds and sprouts
Authors: Na Jom Kriskamol , Chanput Wasaporn , Ngampongsai Sumana 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDBlack gram is becoming increasingly of interest for consumers worldwide. The metabolomics have been conducted to reflect the life history of each individual plant. The metabolic pattern of black gram seeds and sprouts was profiled to investigate genetic and climatic influences on a broad range of chemical constituents.RESULTSDistinct differences in metabolite profiles among three black gram varieties for both intact seeds and sprouts were observed. The differential impact of climate on metabolite profiles of the variety Chai Nat 80 during both dry and rainy seasons was investigated. Univariate statistical analysis demonstrated that greater maturity due to adequate moisture in the rainy season led to a higher content of nutritionally relevant polar metabolites, whereas the dry season resulted in a high relative amount of storage lipid because of immaturity due to insufficient rain and water supply.CONCLUSIONThe investigation confirmed the potential of metabolite profiling to assist in breeding and farming practices. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Guidelines for lymphoscintigraphy and F18 FDG PET scans in Melanoma
Authors: Uren Roger F. , Howman‐Giles Robert , Chung David , Thompson John F. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMelanoma has a high potential to develop metastases. Accurate staging is essential for appropriate management. Sentinel node (SN) status is a powerful prognostic factor in early stage melanoma. Staging is assisted by SN biopsy after lymphoscintigraphy to locate all true SNs prior to biopsy. PET using F18‐FDG can detect metastases and is used to restage patients with AJCC Stages III and IV disease before planning surgery with curative intent. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:405–419. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Community melanoma research: From start up to follow up
Authors: Beitsch Peter , Huber Tiffany 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMost surgical oncologists receive exposure to clinical studies in their fellowships; however they receive little if any practical knowledge as to how to become a clinical researcher. This article will provide a broad introduction to setting up a community based surgical oncology research program with emphasis on the practical issues necessary to be successful. Topics to be discussed include choosing appropriate studies, setting up the team, IRB issues, financial concerns, helpful hints for enrolling patients, and much more. Getting a program going can seem daunting but ultimately will be very rewarding for both the surgeon and their patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:447–451. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current and planned multicenter trials for patients with primary or metastatic melanoma
Authors: Sondak Vernon K. , Han Dale , Deneve Jeremiah , Kudchadkar Ragini 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMulticenter clinical trials have established new standards of care in the surgical and medical management of malignant melanoma. They have led to the testing of new therapies and improved outcomes for patients with loco‐regional and distant disease. Many pressing questions remain, however, and additional multicenter trials are currently underway to address them. The purpose of this review is to summarize relevant ongoing and planned multicenter trials that have and continue to define current melanoma management. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:430–437. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence‐based treatment of early‐stage melanoma
Authors: Ross Merrick I. , Gershenwald Jeffrey E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe vast majority of patients with newly diagnosed melanoma are “early‐stage” ‐ ie, clinically localized to the primary cutaneous site. For such patients, surgery represents the mainstay of treatment; current standards of surgical management have evolved based on evidence obtained from randomized trials, large multi‐center and single institutional databases, and consensus panels. Treatment strategies include wide excision of the primary site with margins dictated by important biological features such as Breslow tumor thickness, and sentinel node biopsy to surgically evaluate the regional nodal basins at risk. Sentinel node biopsy has become an important component of the initial management of many of these patients for accurate staging of regional lymph nodes, as well as enhanced regional disease control and improved survival in the patients with microscopically involved nodes. Evidence is presented that supports the rational use of these surgical strategies and reconciles some of the controversies that have emerged. The degree to which established national treatment guidelines are followed and the consequences of non‐compliance with these guidelines have become the focus of recent clinical investigations; results of these efforts are also discussed. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:341–353. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrasound assessment of lymph nodes in the management of early‐stage melanoma
Authors: Thompson John F. , Haydu Lauren E. , Sanki Amira , Uren Roger F. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIt has been suggested that ultrasound examination of regional lymph nodes provides staging and prognostic information that is as accurate as sentinel node biopsy in patients who present with cutaneous melanoma. However, in most studies the sensitivity of ultrasound in detecting nodal metastasis has been low (23% in a recent large series). For the present, sentinel node biopsy remains the most accurate method of regional node staging in patients with newly diagnosed melanoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:354–360. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Systemic treatment of metastatic melanoma: New approaches
Authors: Hamid Omid , Boasberg Peter D. , Rosenthal Katherine , O'Day Steven J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe field of melanoma therapeutics has experienced a dramatic paradigm shift over the last 12 months through recent discoveries of novel therapeutics targeting known oncogenes and immunotherapeutic antibodies. In this article, we review these findings and provide a framework to understand these discoveries, their significance in melanoma therapy, and role in clinical care. As this understanding grows, enduring therapeutic success may be achieved through tailored use of molecular markers and immunotherapies in sequential or combinatorial methods. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:425–429. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Challenges and Solutions for Joining Polymer Materials
Authors: Jin Xin , Heepe Lars , Strueben Jan , Adelung Rainer , Gorb Stanislav N. , Staubitz Anne 
Published: August 2014

The different mechanisms contributing to adhesion between two polymer surfaces are summarized and described in individual examples, which represent either seminal works in the field of adhesion science or novel approaches to achieve polymer–polymer adhesion. A further objective of this article is the development of new methodologies to achieve strong adhesion between low surface energy polymers.
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Flow‐compensated intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion imaging
Authors: Wetscherek Andreas , Stieltjes Bram , Laun Frederik Bernd 
Published: August 2014

PurposeThe pseudo‐diffusion coefficient D* in intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging was found difficult to seize. Flow‐compensated diffusion gradients were used to test the validity of the commonly assumed biexponential limit and to determine not only D*, but also characteristic timescale τ and velocity v of the incoherent motion.Theory and MethodsBipolar and flow‐compensated diffusion gradients were inserted into a flow‐compensated single‐shot EPI sequence. Images were obtained from a pipe‐shaped flow phantom and from healthy volunteers. To calculate the IVIM signal outside the biexponential limit, a formalism based on normalized phase distributions was developed.ResultsThe flow‐compensated diffusion gradients caused less signal attenuation than the bipolar ones. A signal dependence on the duration of the flow‐compensated gradients was found at low b‐values in the volunteer datasets. The characteristic IVIM parameters were estimated to be v = 4.60 ± 0.34 mm/s and τ = 144 ± 10 ms for liver and v = 3.91 ± 0.54 mm/s and τ = 224 ± 47 ms for pancreas.ConclusionOur results strongly indicate that the biexponential limit does not adequately model the diffusion signal in liver and pancreas. By using both bipolar and flow‐compensated diffusion gradients of different duration, the characteristic timescale and velocity of the incoherent motion can be determined. Magn Reson Med 74:410–419, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.