bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Fully Air Deployable Well Capping Stack and ROV Tooling System for Worldwide Support
Authors: Karlsen Geir 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
BP's intent is to maintain well control from spud to abandonment. However, if for any reason well control is lost, we are designing our wells with the capability to stop or minimize the flow of oil into the water column using a capping system. The cap can stop the flow completely or we can minimize the flow where a collection system or plan could be required.
As part of BP's commitment to enhance deepwater safety and response preparation, BP has developed a comprehensive Global Deepwater Well Cap and Tooling Package. The system can be rapidly deployed to any of BP's operational regions in response to a well control event.
The system includes an Upper and a Lower capping stack, flow-back assembly, flex joint riser adapters, flex joint stiffeners, a comprehensive remote operated vehicle (ROV) tooling package, debris removal tools, dispersant distribution system, subsea hydraulic power unit with a launch and recovery system, subsea accumulator and 60-inch pipe shears for shearing a drilling riser. In total, the system contains over 250 components, 65 lifts, and weighs approximately 500 mT. The Global Deepwater Well Cap and Tooling Package is rated at 10,000 ft. water depth, 15,000psi and is fully air transportable onboard Antonov AN-124 and Boeing B747 200, 400 and 800 series heavy-lift aircraft. No disassembly is required to airfreight the system.
Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Cancer
Authors: Esposito Katherine , Chiodini Paolo , Colao Annamaria , Lenzi Andrea , Giugliano Dario 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVEAvailable evidence supports the emerging hypothesis that metabolic syndrome may be associated with the risk of some common cancers. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and risk of cancer at different sites.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe conducted an electronic search for articles published through October 2011 without restrictions and by reviewing reference lists from retrieved articles. Every included study was to report risk estimates with 95% CIs for the association between metabolic syndrome and cancer.RESULTSWe analyzed 116 datasets from 43 articles, including 38,940 cases of cancer. In cohort studies in men, the presence of metabolic syndrome was associated with liver (relative risk 1.43, P &lt; 0.0001), colorectal (1.25, P &lt; 0.001), and bladder cancer (1.10, P = 0.013). In cohort studies in women, the presence of metabolic syndrome was associated with endometrial (1.61, P = 0.001), pancreatic (1.58, P &lt; 0.0001), breast postmenopausal (1.56, P = 0.017), rectal (1.52, P = 0.005), and colorectal (1.34, P = 0.006) cancers. Associations with metabolic syndrome were stronger in women than in men for pancreatic (P = 0.01) and rectal (P = 0.01) cancers. Associations were different between ethnic groups: we recorded stronger associations in Asia populations for liver cancer (P = 0.002), in European populations for colorectal cancer in women (P = 0.004), and in U.S. populations (whites) for prostate cancer (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSMetabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk of common cancers; for some cancers, the risk differs betweens sexes, populations, and definitions of metabolic syndrome.
Effect of Postoperative Peroxide Bleaching on the Stability of Composite to Enamel and Dentin Bonds
Authors: Dudek M , Roubickova A , Comba L , Housova D , Bradna P 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARY
This study investigated the effect of peroxide bleaching gel on the durability of the adhesive bond between composite material, enamel, and dentin created with the etch-and-rinse adhesive Gluma Comfort Bond (GLU) and with the self-etch adhesives Clearfil SE Bond (CLE), Adper Prompt (ADP), and iBond (IBO). The adhesives were applied to flattened enamel and dentin of extracted human molars and built up with a microhybrid composite (Charisma). After 25 eight-hour cycles of bleaching with a 20% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel (Opalescence PF 20), the shear bond strength was measured and compared with one-day and two-month control specimens stored in water. The data were analyzed using nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis statistics (p&lt;0.05). Detailed fractographic analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy. The bleaching gel significantly decreased the bond strength on both enamel and dentin for the simplified single-step self-etch adhesives ADP and IBO and markedly affected a fracture pattern of ADP specimens at the periphery of their bonded area. The results of our study indicate that the durability of adhesive restorations can be detrimentally influenced by carbamide peroxide bleaching and that different adhesives show varying sensitivity levels to the bleaching gel.
Fully automated chip-based nanoelectrospray combined with electron transfer dissociation for high throughput top-down proteomics
Authors: Flangea Corina , Schiopu Catalin , Capitan Florina , Mosoarca Cristina , Manea Marilena , Sisu Eugen , Zamfir Alina 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The conventional protocol for protein identification by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) is based on enzymatic digestion which renders peptides to be analyzed by liquid chromatography-MS and collision-induced dissociation (CID) multistage MS, in the so-called bottom-up approach. Though this method has brought a significant progress to the field, many limitations, among which, the low throughput and impossibility to characterize in detail posttranslational modifications in terms of site(s) and structure, were reported. Therefore, the research is presently focused on the development of procedures for efficient top-down fragmentation of intact protein ions. In this context, we developed here an approach combining fully automated chip-based-nanoelectrospray ionisation (nanoESI), performed on a NanoMate robot, with electron transfer dissociation (ETD) for peptide and top-down protein sequencing and identification. This advanced analytical platform, integrating robotics, microfluidics technology, ETD and alternate ETD/CID, was tested and found ideally suitable for structural investigation of peptides and modified/functionalized peptides as well as for top-down analysis of medium size proteins by tandem MS experiments of significantly increased throughput and sensitivity. The obtained results indicate that NanoMate-ETD and ETD/CID may represent a viable alternative to the current MS strategies, with potential to develop into a method of routine use for high throughput top-down proteomics.
Measurement and prediction of binary mixture flash point
Authors: Hristova Mariana 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The flash points of three binary mixtures, containing n-heptane, o-xylene, m-xylene and ethylbenzene, were measured by Pensky-Martens closed cup tester. The experimental data were compared with the calculated values using Liaw’s Model with the application of Raoult’s Law and Wilson equation. These equations were in good qualitative agreement.
Determination of formaldehyde and cyanide ion in human nasal discharge by using simple spectrophotometric methods
Authors: Narkowicz Sylwia , Polkowska Żaneta , Namieśnik Jacek 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) contains many toxic compounds which include substances classified as aldehydes (e.g. formaldehyde) and inorganic substances such as cyanide ions. The information on the determination of these compounds in water is available, but the monitoring data on the level of these substances in human body fluids are still lacking. In this work the procedure for determining cyanide ions and formaldehyde in samples of human nasal discharge by simple spectrophotometric technique is presented.
QSAR study and molecular docking on indirubin inhibitors of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3
Authors: Crisan Luminita , Pacureanu Liliana , Bora Alina , Avram Sorin , Kurunczi Ludovic , Simon Zeno 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The current study describes the development of in silico models based on a novel alternative of the MTD-PLS methodology (Partial-Least-Squares variant of Minimal Topologic Difference) developed by our group to predict the inhibition of GSK-3β by indirubin derivatives. The new MTD-PLS methodology involves selection rules for the PLS equation coefficients based on physico-chemical considerations aimed at reducing the bias in the output information. These QSAR models have been derived using calculated fragmental descriptors relevant to binding including polarizability, hydrophobicity, hydrogen bond donor, hydrogen bond acceptor, volume and electronic effects. The MTD-PLS methodology afforded moderate but robust statistical characteristics (R2
Y(CUM) = 0.707, Q2(CUM) = 0.664). The MTD-PLS model obtained has been validated in terms of predictive ability by joined internal-external cross-validation applying Golbraikh-Tropsha criteria and Y-randomization test. The information supplied by the MTD-PLS model has been evaluated against Fujita-Ban outcomes that afforded a statistically reliable model (R2=0.923). Furthermore, the results originated from QSAR models were laterally validated with docking insights that suggested the substitution pattern for the design of new indirubins with improved pharmacological potential against GSK-3β. The new restriction rules introduced in this paper are applicable and provide reliable results in accordance with physico-chemical reality.
Surface modification and adhesion improvement of polyester films
Authors: Cammarano Aniello , Luca Giovanna , Amendola Eugenio 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Facile surface modification of polyester films was performed via chemical solutions treatment. Surface hydrolysis was carried out by means of sodium hydroxide solutions, leading to the formation of carboxylate groups. Three commercial polyester films of 100 μm in thickness were used in this work: AryLite™, Mylar™, and Teonex™, hydrolysis time being the main modification parameter. FTIR-ATR analysis, topography and contact angle (CA) measurements, surface free energy (SFE) and T-Peel adhesion tests were carried out to characterize the modified films. A quantitative estimate of the carboxylates surface coverage as a function of treatment time was obtained through a supramolecular approach, i.e. the ionic self-assembly of a tetracationic porphyrin chromophore onto the film surface. The surface free energy and critical surface tension of the hydrolyzed polyesters was evaluated by means of Zisman, Saito, Berthelot and Owens-Wendt methods. It was shown that NaOH solution treatment increases roughness, polarity and surface free energy of polymers. As a result, T-Peel strengths for modified Mylar™ and Teonex™ films were respectively 2.2 and 1.8 times higher than that for the unmodified films, whereas AryLite™ adhesion test failed.
Effect of solution pH on the stability of mixed silica -alumina suspension in the presence of polyacrylic acid (PAA) with different molecular weights
Authors: Wiśniewska Małgorzata , Terpiłowski Konrad , Chibowski Stanisław , Urban Teresa , Zarko Vladimir , Gun’ko Vladimir 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The influence of solution pH (in the range 3–9) on mixed silica-alumina suspension in the absence and presence of polyacrylic acid (PAA) was studied. The composition of the adsorbent was SiO2 (97%) and Al2O3 (3%). The turbidimetry method was applied to record changes in the stability of the investigated systems as a function of time. It was shown that the suspension without the polymer is less stable at pH 3, whereas at pH 6 and 9, the systems were stable. PAA with molecular weights 100 000 and 240 000 at pH 3 (improvement of system stability conditions) and PAA 2 000 at pH 6 (deterioration of suspension stability) have a great effect on the silica-alumina suspension stability. The stabilization-flocculation properties of polyacrylic acid are a result of a specific conformation of its chains on the solid surface where it depends on the solution pH and the polymer molecular weight.
Adsorption of tert-butanol at the electrode from concentrated NaClO4 solutions
Authors: Nieszporek Jolanta 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The parameters of the double layer for tert-butanol adsorption determined in the supporting electrolytes: 2 mol dm−3, 3 mol dm−3 and 4 mol dm−3 NaClO4, show an increase of tert-butanol adsorption on the mercury electrode together with the increase of NaClO4 concentration. The adsorption of tert-butanol on the electrode takes place via the −CH3 group which is shown by the changes in the values of zero charge potentials, E
z. On the basis of the analysis of the changes of relative surface excess values, Γ′, and the parameters determining the maximum adsorption, the process of adsorption in the discussed systems can be recognized as a physical process. Besides, it can be said that a major drawback in the process of adsorption of the organic substance on the electrode is to remove water from the electrode surface.
The effect of chemical activation method on properties of activated carbons obtained from pine cones
Authors: Nowicki Piotr , Kuszyńska Izabela , Przepiórski Jacek , Pietrzak Robert 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A method for obtaining carbonaceous adsorbents from pine cones by chemical activation with NaOH is described. Activated carbons were obtained by two methods of activation (physical mixing and impregnation) and two variants of thermal treatment. It has been shown that pine cones can be successfully used as cheap precursor of carbonaceous adsorbents of well-developed surface area, large pore volume and good sorption properties. All activated carbon samples obtained show strongly microporous structure and surface of acidic character. The best physicochemical properties and greatest sorption capacity towards iodine were found for the carbon samples obtained by physical mixing of the precursor with the activating agent and then subjected to thermal activation at 600°C.
Collineation group as a subgroup of the symmetric group
Authors: Bogomolov Fedor , Rovinsky Marat 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLet ψ be the projectivization (i.e., the set of one-dimensional vector subspaces) of a vector space of dimension ≥ 3 over a field. Let H be a closed (in the pointwise convergence topology) subgroup of the permutation group $\mathfrak{S}_\psi $ of the set ψ. Suppose that H contains the projective group and an arbitrary self-bijection of ψ transforming a triple of collinear points to a non-collinear triple. It is well known from [Kantor W.M., McDonough T.P., On the maximality of PSL(d+1,q), d ≥ 2, J. London Math. Soc., 1974, 8(3), 426] that if ψ is finite then H contains the alternating subgroup $\mathfrak{A}_\psi $ of $\mathfrak{S}_\psi $. We show in Theorem 3.1 that H = $\mathfrak{S}_\psi $, if ψ is infinite.
Outcome of An Uncemented Hydroxyapatite Coated Hemiarthroplasty for Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures: A Clinical and Radiographic 2-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Eschen Jacob , Kring Søren , Brix Michael , Ban Ilija , Troelsen Anders 
Published: October 2012

Background and purpose Hemiarthroplasty is the preferred treatment for displaced femoral neck fractures (DFNF) in elderly patients. The use of uncemented stems remains controversial and issues regarding inferior fixation in osteoporotic bone, implant-related pain and decreased mobility have discouraged their use. There is limited evidence for the use of modern uncemented femoral stems in the treatment of DFNF, and we wished to investigate the clinical and radiographic performance of an uncemented hydroxyapatite coated hemiarthroplasty at 2-year follow-up. Patients and methods We included 97 consecutive patients who had an uncemented, hydroxyapatite coated hemiarthroplasty (Corail, Depuy) inserted during a 1-year period. Due to unwillingness or cognitive impairment (n = 6) and death before follow-up (n = 44), a total of 47 patients (39 females) with a mean age of 81 years were available. Results At two year follow-up 38 of 47 patients lived in their own homes and the median New Mobility Score was 6 (range: 2–9). The median Visual Analogue Scale pain score was 0 (range: 0–5) at rest and 0 (range: 0–8) when walking. Patient satisfaction was a score of 9 (range: 2–10) on the VAS. Anterior or lateral thigh pain or groin pain was reported by 15 patients. The EQ-5D index score at follow-up was 0.72 (range: 0.16–1.00) and the EQ-5D Visual Analogue Score was 70 (range: 15–100). There were no signs of implant loosening in any of the 37 hips undergoing radiographic evaluation at follow-up. Conclusion The results suggest that an uncemented hydroxyapatite coated hemiarthroplasty can be used to treat displaced intracupsular femoral neck fractures with good clinical and radiographic outcomes at short term follow-up.
Assessment of Service Learning in Ecology Class Using the Orid Model
Authors: Lunar Bernardo C. , Ronsairo Marlyn S. 
Published: October 2012

This study was aimed at assessing the students’ perception of their learning experiences as they were exposed to service- learning design in Ecology to conform with the transformative learning framework being employed by the institution. Ecology class is intended for BS Biology and Education students of De La Salle Lipa. It is designed to cover topics such as nature of Ecology; various abiotic and abiotic factors needed for survival; population, communities, ecosystem dynamics and different kinds of ecosystem. The course delivery was lecture blended with Service Learning. This teaching method falls under experiential education, a method in which students were made to learn and develop through active participation in thoughtfully organized service that is conducted in and meets the needs of a community. In this study, students were made to reflect on the concrete experiences they had as they participated in the various activities of the Project Carbon Neutral and the One million Trees and Beyond Project of the school. Using the ORID Method of Focused Conversation, their experiences were moved to analytical and subjective reasoning. Keywords - Service Learning, Ecology Class, ORID Model, Experiential education
A Higher Education Quality Assurance Model for Small States: The Maldives Case Study
Authors: Waheed Abdul Hannan , Pillay Hitendra 
Published: October 2012

This paper presents findings of a case study in the Maldives of a holistic quality assurance model for higher education in Small States. Although case study is situated in the Maldives, an example of a Small State, the findings provided useful reference for policy makers, practitioners and professionals in other Small States. The study draws on a systems theory to investigate the systemic characteristics of quality assurance in higher education. It is a qualitative case study based and includes the use of document analysis and interviews data. The preliminary findings indicate that regulatory mechanisms, independence, one-tier system, guidelines and standards, transparency, academic audit, accreditation and collaboration emerged as critical areas for the system of quality assurance in higher education for Small States. Some of the mechanisms used by bigger nations to address the above critical areas may not be appropriate for Small States, adding weight to the ‘fit for purpose’ definition of quality. Keywords - Higher education accreditation, Higher education quality indicators, Standards of higher education, higher education quality regulations, Programme accreditation, institutional accreditation, institutional audit.
Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) with a Focus on F‐actin
Authors: Hardy Lori R. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this unit on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), an imaging approach to study protein‐protein interactions in situ is described. The protocols presented use confocal microscopy to examine the mobility of a fluorescent protein by measuring the recovery of the protein in a bleached area. The data gained in FRAP studies is qualitative and yields insight into relative binding affinity, binding characteristics, and the effect of treatments or mutations on protein mobility. Curr. Protoc. Neurosci. 61:2.17.1‐2.17.12. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evolution of Phase Strains During Tensile Loading of Bovine Cortical Bone
Authors: Singhal Anjali , Yuan Fang , Stock Stuart R. , Almer Jonathan D. , Brinson L. Catherine , Dunand David C. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSynchrotron X‐ray scattering is used to measure average strains in the two main nanoscale phases of cortical bone – hydroxyapatite (HAP) platelets and collagen fibrils – under tensile loading at body temperature (37 °C) and under completely hydrated conditions. Dog‐bone shaped specimens from bovine femoral cortical bone were prepared from three anatomical quadrants: anterio‐medial, anterio‐lateral, and posterio‐lateral. The apparent HAP and fibrillar elastic moduli – ratios of tensile stress as applied externally and phase strains as measured by diffraction – exhibit significant correlations with the (i) femur quadrant from which the samples are obtained, (ii) properties obtained at the micro‐scale using micro‐computed tomography, i.e., microstructure, porosity and attenuation coefficient, and (iii) properties at the macro‐scale using thermo‐gravimetry and tensile testing, i.e., volume fraction and Young's modulus. Comparison of these tensile apparent moduli with compressive apparent moduli (previously published for samples from the same animal and tested under the same temperature and irradiation conditions) indicates that collagen deforms plastically to a greater extent in tension. Greater strains in the collagen fibril and concomitant greater load transfer to the HAP result in apparent moduli that are significantly lower in tension than in compression for both phases. However, tensile and compressive Young's moduli measured macroscopically are not significantly different during uniaxial testing.
Cholesteric Liquid Crystals with a Broad Light Reflection Band
Authors: Mitov Michel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe cholesteric‐liquid‐crystalline structure, which concerns the organization of chromatin, collagen, chitin, or cellulose, is omnipresent in living matter. In technology, it is found in temperature and pressure sensors, supertwisted nematic liquid crystal displays, optical filters, reflective devices, or cosmetics. A cholesteric liquid crystal reflects light because of its helical structure. The reflection is selective – the bandwidth is limited to a few tens of nanometers and the reflectance is equal to at most 50% for unpolarized incident light, which is a consequence of the polarization‐selectivity rule. These limits must be exceeded for innovative applications like polarizer‐free reflective displays, broadband polarizers, optical data storage media, polarization‐independent devices, stealth technologies, or smart switchable reflective windows to control solar light and heat. Novel cholesteric‐liquid‐crystalline architectures with the related fabrication procedures must therefore be developed. This article reviews solutions found in living matter and laboratories to broaden the bandwidth around a central reflection wavelength, do without the polarization‐selectivity rule and go beyond the reflectance limit.