bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder: No relationship to recombinant human growth hormone use in Australian and New Zealand pediatric kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Longmore Danielle K. , Conwell Louise S. , Burke John R. , McDonald Stephen P. , McTaggart Steven J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPTLD is a potentially life‐limiting complication of pediatric transplantation. Previous registry‐based studies in renal transplantation have suggested a link between rhGH use and PTLD. In this study, demographic and transplant data on those aged <18 yr and transplanted between 1991 and 2008 were collected from the ANZDATA Registry. Associations between gender, age at time of transplant, recipient CMV and EBV status, use of monoclonal antibody therapy, and use of rhGH were studied as potential predictors of PTLD. Among 650 transplants, there were 20 cases (3.1%) of PTLD, with half presenting within two yr post‐transplant. Eight patients exposed to rhGH at any time developed PTLD, and this association was not statistically significant (RR = 1.5[0.6–3.4], p = 0.36). On multivariate analysis, there were no significant predictors for PTLD. In this study, previously identified potential risk factors were not identified as significant predictors for the development of PTLD. Although limited sample size may affect our ability to infer safety, this large retrospective cohort study does not suggest an increased risk of PTLD in pediatric kidney transplant recipients who received rhGH treatment.
Chimerism of allogeneic mesenchymal cells in bone marrow, liver, and spleen after mesenchymal stem cells infusion
Authors: Meleshko Alexander , Prakharenia Irina , Kletski Semen , Isaikina Yanina 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAlthough an infusion of culture‐expanded MSCs is applied in clinic to improve results of HSCs transplantation and for a treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, homing, and engraftment potential of culture‐expanded MSC in humans is still obscure. We report two female patients who received allogeneic BM transplantation as a treatment of hematological diseases and a transplantation of MSCs from third‐party male donors. Both patients died within one yr of infectious complications. Specimens of paraffin‐embedded blocks of tissues from transplanted patients were taken. The aim of the study was to estimate possible homing and engraftment of allogeneic BM‐derived MSCs in some tissues/organs of recipient. Sensitive real‐time quantitative PCR analysis was applied with SRY gene as a target. MSC chimerism was found in BM, liver, and spleen of both patients. We conclude that sensitive RQ‐PCR analysis is acceptable for low‐level chimerism evaluation even in paraffin‐embedded tissue specimens.
Prospective Relations Between Adolescents' Social‐emotional Competencies and Their Friendships
Authors: von Salisch Maria , Zeman Janice , Luepschen Nadine , Kanevski Rimma 
Published: October 2013

AbstractLittle is known about what factors predict the formation of reciprocal same‐sex friendships during early adolescence. To examine whether social‐emotional competencies aid in establishing and maintaining these friendships at the beginning and end of seventh grade, 380 German youth (mean age = 12.6 years; 49 percent boys; 100 percent White) reported on their peer support networks and on three broad categories of social‐emotional competencies (i.e., non‐constructive anger regulation, constructive anger regulation, emotional awareness, and expression disclosure). Regression analyses indicated the number of reciprocal friendships at Time 2 (T2) was predicted by adolescents' constructive anger regulation through redirection of attention, and social support when angry at the friend, even after controlling for Time 1 number of friends and peer acceptance. Among girls, willingness to self‐disclose marginally predicted their number of reciprocal friends at T2. Results are discussed in terms of the specific social‐emotional competencies that facilitate involvement in reciprocal friendships.
Where Am I? Investigating Map Matching During Self‐Localization With Mobile Eye Tracking in an Urban Environment
Authors: Kiefer Peter , Giannopoulos Ioannis , Raubal Martin 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSelf‐localization is the process of identifying one's current position on a map, and it is a crucial part of any wayfinding process. During self‐localization the wayfinder matches visually perceptible features of the environment, such as landmarks, with map symbols to constrain potential locations on the map. The success of this visual matching process constitutes an important factor for the success of self‐localization. In this research we aim at observing the visual matching process between environment and map during self‐localization with real‐world mobile eye tracking. We report on one orientation and one self‐localization experiment, both in an outdoor urban environment. The gaze data collected during the experiments show that successful participants put significantly more visual attention to those symbols on the map that were helpful in the given situation than unsuccessful participants. A sequence analysis revealed that they also had significantly more switches of visual attention between map symbols and their corresponding landmarks in the environment, which suggests they were following a more effective self‐localization strategy.
Expression of TWISTED DWARF1 lacking its in‐plane membrane anchor leads to increased cell elongation and hypermorphic growth
Authors: Bailly Aurélien , Wang Bangjun , Zwiewka Marta , Pollmann Stephan , Schenck Daniel , Lüthen Hartwig , Schulz Alexander , Friml Jiri , Geisler Markus 
Published: October 2013

SummaryPlant growth is achieved predominantly by cellular elongation, which is thought to be controlled on several levels by apoplastic auxin. Auxin export into the apoplast is achieved by plasma membrane efflux catalysts of the PIN‐FORMED (PIN) and ATP‐binding cassette protein subfamily B/phosphor‐glycoprotein (ABCB/PGP) classes; the latter were shown to depend on interaction with the FKBP42, TWISTED DWARF1 (TWD1). Here by using a transgenic approach in combination with phenotypical, biochemical and cell biological analyses we demonstrate the importance of a putative C‐terminal in‐plane membrane anchor of TWD1 in the regulation of ABCB‐mediated auxin transport. In contrast with dwarfed twd1 loss‐of‐function alleles, TWD1 gain‐of‐function lines that lack a putative in‐plane membrane anchor (HA–TWD1‐Ct) show hypermorphic plant architecture, characterized by enhanced stem length and leaf surface but reduced shoot branching. Greater hypocotyl length is the result of enhanced cell elongation that correlates with reduced polar auxin transport capacity for HA–TWD1‐Ct. As a consequence, HA–TWD1‐Ct displays higher hypocotyl auxin accumulation, which is shown to result in elevated auxin‐induced cell elongation rates. Our data highlight the importance of C‐terminal membrane anchoring for TWD1 action, which is required for specific regulation of ABCB‐mediated auxin transport. These data support a model in which TWD1 controls lateral ABCB1‐mediated export into the apoplast, which is required for auxin‐mediated cell elongation.
Neonatal blood transfusion as transmission route in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Einberg Afrodite Psaros , Lindh Gudrun , Hökeberg Ingegerd , Papadogiannakis Nikos , Fischler Björn 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate if neonatal transfusions could underlie chronic hepatitis C in adults for whom the disease transmission route was previously unknown.Study Design and MethodsQuestionnaires were sent to 255 patients with chronic hepatitis C born in Sweden in 1960 to 1975. The medical records of 230 of the patients, of whom 98 (43%) had unknown transmission route, were studied regarding the occurrence of neonatal blood transfusions. The clinical, virologic, and histopathologic characteristics of those found to have received transfusions as neonates were also studied.ResultsFour of 230 (1.7%; 95% confidence interval, 0.5%‐4.4%) patients with hepatitis C had received blood products as neonates. Three of them had reported unknown transmission route. One had cirrhosis, while two had mild histopathologic findings on liver biopsy. Three out of four patients in the transfused group, including the patient with liver cirrhosis, had undergone treatment for hepatitis C, all of them with a sustained viral response.ConclusionPreviously unidentified neonatal blood transfusions explain only a small fraction of chronic hepatitis C cases with unknown transmission route. Individual patients infected early in life can develop progressive liver damage as young adults and may benefit from antiviral treatment. The finding suggests that efforts are needed to actively trace and test adults who have been subjected to neonatal blood product transfusion before 1992.
Putative paraneoplastic pemphigus and myasthenia gravis in a cat with a lymphocytic thymoma
Authors: Hill Peter B. , Brain Phil , Collins David , Fearnside Steve , Olivry Thierry 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundParaneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is a rare and severe autoimmune blistering skin disease of humans. It is associated mainly with haematopoietic neoplasia and a unique autoantibody profile. At this time and in animals,PNPhas only been reported in dogs.ObjectivesTo report clinical, histological and immunological findings in a cat with suspected thymoma‐associatedPNP.AnimalAn 8‐year‐old female spayedHimalayan cat.ResultsThe cat presented with a thoracic mass diagnosed as a lymphocytic thymoma. Two weeks postremoval, the cat developed myasthenia gravis, which was controlled with prednisolone and pyridostigmine. The myasthenia gravis resolved, but the cat developed severe cutaneous erosions and ulcers primarily affecting the caudal ventral abdomen and perineum, but also the ventral chest, axillae and medial pinnae. Histopathological analysis revealed changes consistent with pemphigus vulgaris and erythema multiforme, a combination of lesions highly suggestive ofPNP. Direct immunofluorescence revealed intercellular epidermal IgG deposition in the lower epidermis, especially in areas of suprabasal clefts. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed antikeratinocyte IgG to basal keratinocytes and bladder epithelial cells. Immunological results supported a diagnosis ofPNP. Skin lesions were treated with prednisolone and chlorambucil and, after clinical remission was obtained, the drugs were tapered and eventually discontinued without further recurrence of skin lesions.Conclusions and clinical importanceIn this cat, clinical, microscopic and immunological findings were consistent with a diagnosis ofPNP, with thymoma being the suspected cause.
Response of Free-Living Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms to Land Use Change in the Amazon Rainforest
Authors: Mirza Babur S. , Potisap Chotima , Nüsslein Klaus , Bohannan Brendan J. M. , Rodrigues Jorge L. M. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT

The Amazon rainforest, the largest equatorial forest in the world, is being cleared for pasture and agricultural use at alarming rates. Tropical deforestation is known to cause alterations in microbial communities at taxonomic and phylogenetic levels, but it is unclear whether microbial functional groups are altered. We asked whether free-living nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) respond to deforestation in the Amazon rainforest, using analysis of the marker gene
nifH
. Clone libraries were generated from soil samples collected from a primary forest, a 5-year-old pasture originally converted from primary forest, and a secondary forest established after pasture abandonment. Although diazotroph richness did not significantly change among the three plots, diazotroph community composition was altered with forest-to-pasture conversion, and phylogenetic similarity was higher among pasture communities than among those in forests. There was also 10-fold increase in
nifH
gene abundance following conversion from primary forest to pasture. Three environmental factors were associated with the observed changes: soil acidity, total N concentration, and C/N ratio. Our results suggest a partial restoration to initial levels of abundance and community structure of diazotrophs following pasture abandonment, with primary and secondary forests sharing similar communities. We postulate that the response of diazotrophs to land use change is a direct consequence of changes in plant communities, particularly the higher N demand of pasture plant communities for supporting aboveground plant growth.
Metatranscriptomic Analyses of Plankton Communities Inhabiting Surface and Subpycnocline Waters of the Chesapeake Bay during Oxic-Anoxic-Oxic Transitions
Authors: Hewson Ian , Eggleston Erin M. , Doherty Mary , Lee Dong Yoon , Owens Michael , Shapleigh James P. , Cornwell Jeffrey C. , Crump Byron C. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
We used metatranscriptomics to study the gene transcription patterns of microbial plankton (0.2 to 64 μm) at a mesohaline station in the Chesapeake Bay under transitions from oxic to anoxic waters in spring and from anoxic to oxic waters in autumn. Samples were collected from surface (i.e., above pycnocline) waters (3 m) and from waters beneath the pycnocline (16 to 22 m) in both 2010 and 2011. Metatranscriptome profiles based on function and potential phylogeny were different between 2010 and 2011 and strongly variable in 2011. This difference in variability corresponded with a highly variable ratio of eukaryotic to bacterial sequences (0.3 to 5.5), reflecting transient algal blooms in 2011 that were absent in 2010. The similarity between metatranscriptomes changed at a lower rate during the transition from oxic to anoxic waters than after the return to oxic conditions. Transcripts related to photosynthesis and low-affinity cytochrome oxidases were significantly higher in shallow than in deep waters, while in deep water genes involved in anaerobic metabolism, particularly sulfate reduction, succinyl coenzyme A (succinyl-CoA)-to-propionyl-CoA conversion, and menaquinone synthesis, were enriched relative to in shallow waters. Expected transitions in metabolism between oxic and anoxic deep waters were reflected in elevated levels of anaerobic respiratory reductases and utilization of propenediol and acetoin. The percentage of archaeal transcripts increased in both years in late summer (from 0.1 to 4.4% of all transcripts in 2010 and from 0.1 to 6.2% in 2011). Denitrification-related genes were expressed in a predicted pattern during the oxic-anoxic transition. Overall, our data suggest that Chesapeake Bay microbial assemblages express gene suites differently in shallow and deep waters and that differences in deep waters reflect variable redox states.
Diversity of Rickettsiales in the Microbiome of the Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma americanum
Authors: Ponnusamy Loganathan , Gonzalez Antonio , Van Treuren Will , Weiss Sophie , Parobek Christian M. , Juliano Jonathan J. , Knight Rob , Roe R. Michael , Apperson Charles S. , Meshnick Steven R. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT

Ticks are important vectors for many emerging pathogens. However, they are also infected with many symbionts and commensals, often competing for the same niches. In this paper, we characterize the microbiome of
Amblyomma americanum
(Acari: Ixodidae), the lone star tick, in order to better understand the evolutionary relationships between pathogens and nonpathogens. Multitag pyrosequencing of prokaryotic 16S rRNA genes (16S rRNA) was performed on 20 lone star ticks (including males, females, and nymphs). Pyrosequencing of the rickettsial
sca0
gene (also known as
ompA
or
rompA
) was performed on six ticks. Female ticks had less diverse microbiomes than males and nymphs, with greater population densities of
Rickettsiales
. The most common members of
Rickettsiales
were “
Candidatus
Rickettsia amblyommii” and “
Candidatus
Midichloria mitochondrii.” “
Ca
. Rickettsia amblyommii” was 2.6-fold more common in females than males, and there was no sequence diversity in the
sca0
gene. These results are consistent with a predominantly vertical transmission pattern for “
Ca
. Rickettsia amblyommii.”
Molecular Investigation and Phylogeny of Anaplasma spp. in Mediterranean Ruminants Reveal the Presence of Neutrophil-Tropic Strains Closely Related to A. platys
Authors: Zobba Rosanna , Anfossi Antonio G. , Pinna Parpaglia Maria Luisa , Dore Gian Mario , Chessa Bernardo , Spezzigu Antonio , Rocca Stefano , Visco Stefano , Pittau Marco , Alberti Alberto 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT

Few data are available on the prevalence and molecular typing of species belonging to the genus
Anaplasma
in Mediterranean ruminants. In this study, PCR analysis and sequencing of both 16S rRNA and
groEL
genes were combined to investigate the presence, prevalence, and molecular traits of
Anaplasma
spp. in ruminants sampled on the Island of Sardinia, chosen as a subtropical representative area. The results demonstrate a high prevalence of
Anaplasma
spp. in ruminants, with animals infected by at least four of six
Anaplasma
species (
Anaplasma marginale
,
A. bovis
,
A. ovis
, and
A. phagocytophilum
). Moreover, ruminants host a number of neutrophil-tropic strains genetically closely related to the canine pathogen
A. platys
. The high
Anaplasma
spp. prevalence and the identification of as-yet-unclassified neutrophil-tropic strains raise concerns about the specificity of serological tests routinely used in ruminants and provide additional background for reconstructing the evolutionary history of species genetically related to
A. phagocytophilum
.
The effects of subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric solutions of bupivacaine or ropivacaine in xylazine‐sedated calves undergoing surgery
Authors: Yayla S. , Kilic E. , Aksoy O. , Ozaydin I. , Ogun M. , Steagall P.V.M. 
Published: October 2013

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric solutions of bupivacaine or ropivacaine in xylazine‐sedated calves undergoing surgery. Subarachnoid anaesthesia was performed with either 20 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine (bupivacaine group (BG), n=10) or 30 mg of hyperbaric ropivacaine (ropivacaine group (RG), n=10) into the lumbar dural space of 20 calves in a randomised, prospective clinical trial. Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MBP) blood pressure, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate, rectal temperature were recorded after sedation (time 0), and up to 120 minutes after injection. Onset, duration and magnitude of sensory block (scale 1–4) were determined using the pin‐prick test throughout surgery. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and non‐parametric tests (P<0.05). Bodyweight, age, duration of surgery, SBP, DBP, MBP, HR were not significantly different between groups. Onset of anaesthesia (mean±sd; BG, 5±1 minutes; RG, 7±1 minutes) and duration of anaesthesia (mean±sd; BG, 153±32 minutes; RG, 86±12 minutes) were significantly different between groups. Analgesic scores were significantly higher than baseline from 5 to 120 min, and from 7 to 85 min in BG and RG, respectively. Subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric solutions of bupivacaine produced faster onset and longer duration of anaesthesia than ropivacaine.
Factors affecting the accuracy of pregnancy scanning in ewes
Authors: Fridlund C. , Humblot P. , Båge R. , Söderquist L. 
Published: October 2013

The objective was to evaluate the accuracy of pregnancy scanning by transabdominal ultrasonography and affecting factors. Altogether 44,783 ewes were registered (2008–2010), 39,724 diagnosed as pregnant and subsequently lambed. The ewes, 0.5–14 years old, were divided into 4 age and 6 breed groups and analysed. The accuracy (per cent; number of scanned fetuses/number of born lambs) decreased with increasing number of fetuses (P < 0.001). Overall accuracy was 90.3 per cent, highest (93.7 per cent) in ewes carrying one fetus, 91.9 per cent, 82.4 per cent, and 74.9 per cent in ewes with 2, 3 and ≥4 fetuses at scanning, respectively. Finnsheep ewes with highest number of lambs showed lowest accuracy (P < 0.001). Analyses of a more complete sub set of data (n = 23,396), showed that number of fetuses diagnosed, breed, age of ewe, operator and time in gestation, significantly affected the accuracy. Accuracy decreased with age of ewe (P < 0.001) and was 71.8 per cent, 91.6 per cent and 89.3 per cent for scanning at <40, 40–80 and 81–100 days of gestation, respectively (P < 0.001). In general, the numbers of fetuses were overestimated at scanning and increased gradually with number of fetuses diagnosed. In conclusion, the accuracy was affected by several factors, which should be considered when interpreting/implementing the results, especially in breeds with high fecundity.
PASSIVE COUNTERPULSATION: BIOMECHANICAL RATIONALE AND CLINICAL VALIDATION
Authors: CORAZZA IVAN , MELANDRI GIOVANNI , NANNI SAMUELE , MARCELLI EMANUELA , CERCENELLI LAURA , BIANCHINI DAVID , VAGNARELLI FABIO , ZANNOLI ROMANO 
Published: October 2013

Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) is the leading technique for cardiovascular support in most critical conditions. The beneficial effects of the procedure are widely known, but some drawbacks remain unsolved: high cost and controversial effect in presence of cardiac arrhythmia, both related to the control of intra-aortic balloon inflation and deflation. This paper describes the clinical validation of a completely passive solution (PIABP), which substitutes the time-controlled pumping system by a simple pressure-controlled reservoir. The test was performed on 10 patients, switching from IABP to PIABP and changing the reservoir pressure to obtain an optimal effect in terms of mean aortic pressure increase as an estimate of cardiac output. For each patient the reservoir pressure was increased in 10 mmHg steps and the aortic pressure was recorded together with electrocardiogram. The PIABP showed a positive effect in all the patients, with a significant increase of the mean aortic pressure (+6.5%, p < 0.05) and of the mean pressure of the aortic pulse diastolic phase (+7%, p < 0.05). The change of heart rate between basal and optimal effect condition was not significant. Also an unexpected, significant increase of aortic maximal pressure (8%, p < 0.05) was found. The proposed passive solution cannot be a substitute of the active one in all the situation, but may be useful in border line conditions, where the IABP is no more necessary but a ventricular support is still desirable.
The relationship between archaeological stratigraphy and artificial ground and its significance in the Anthropocene
Authors: Edgeworth M. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between archaeological stratigraphy (in archaeology) and artificial ground (in geology) and considers their wider application to the investigation and characterization of the Anthropocene. Evidence from two archaeological case studies is used to illuminate key points. The first case study examines stratigraphic sequences from beneath the city of Leicester, UK; the second looks at stratified deposits within the prehistoric settlement mound of Abu Hureyra, Syria. Earthworks, riverworks and cultivation soils are also considered. Archaeological and geological perspectives are combined to develop a unified view of anthropogenic deposits that cover large parts of the surface of the Earth.