bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZING SOME COMPLETELY REGULAR SEMIGROUPS BY THEIR SUBSEMIGROUPS
Authors: PETRICH MARIO 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe consider several familiar varieties of completely regular semigroups such as groups and completely simple semigroups. For each of them, we characterize their members in terms of absence of certain kinds of subsemigroups, as well as absence of certain divisors, and in terms of a homomorphism of a concrete semigroup into the semigroup itself. For each of these varieties $ \mathcal{V} $ we determine minimal non-$ \mathcal{V} $ varieties, provide a basis for their identities, determine their join and give a basis for its identities. Most of this is complete; one of the items missing is a basis for identities for minimal nonlocal orthogroups. Three tables and a figure illustrate the results obtained.
Does inadequate Point-A dose warrant treatment plan modifications in CT-image-based cervix high dose-rate brachytherapy planning? A dosimetric perspective
Authors: Yaparpalvi R. , Mehta K. J. , Mutyala S. , Kuo H. C. , Hong L. , Kalnicki S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground and purposeTo investigate whether inadequate dose to Point-A necessitates treatment plan changes in a time of computed tomography (CT)-image-guided brachytherapy treatment planning for cervix cancer.Materials and methodsA total of 125 tandem and ovoid insertions from 25 cervix patients treated were reviewed. CT-image-based treatment planning was carried out for each insertion. Point-A is identified and the dose documented; however, dose optimisation in each plan was based on covering target while limiting critical organ doses (PlanTarget). No attempts were made to equate prescription and Point-A dose. For each insertion, a second hypothetical treatment plan was generated by prescribing dose to Point-A (PlanPoint-A). Plans were inter-compared using dose–volume histogram analyses.ResultsA total of 250 treatment plans were analysed. For the study population, the median cumulative dose at Point-A was 80 Gy (range 70–95) for PlanTarget compared with 84·25 Gy for PlanPoint-A. Bladder and rectal doses were higher for PlanPoint-A compared with PlanTarget (p < 0·0001). Target D90 did not correlate with Point-A dose (p = 0·60).ConclusionsDepending on applicator geometry, tumour size and patient anatomy, Point-A dose may vary in magnitude compared with prescription dose. Treatment plan modifications purely based on inadequate Point-A dose are unnecessary, as these may result in higher organ-at-risk doses and not necessarily improve target coverage.
Radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary function with lung dose–volume constraints in breast cancer irradiation
Authors: Blom Goldman U. , Anderson M. , Wennberg B. , Lind P. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPurposeWe studied symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) and changes in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) after loco-regional radiotherapy (LRRT) with V20 lung constraints in breast cancer (BC).Patients and methodsSixty-four women underwent PFTs before and 5 months after 3D planned LRRT for BC. The incidentally irradiated ipsilateral lung V20 was minimised to <30%. Patients were monitored for symptoms of RP 1, 4 and 7 months after radiotherapy (RT) and data on covariates were collected prospectively. The outcome was compared with previous treatment series.ResultsPneumonitis was less frequent with the applied constraint, that is, four mild and one moderate case, than in our previous report (p < 0·001). In multivariate analyses, neither dosimetric data nor covariates appeared to influence mean changes in vital capacity [−0·11L, standard error of the mean (SEM) 0·03] or diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (−0·20 mmol/kPa/min, SEM 0·01), except for pre-RT chemotherapy, which diminished the change in DLCO 5 months post-RT.ConclusionsThe used constraint and 3D planning lowered the rate of RP and short-term changes in PFTs compared with our previous treatment series. Pre-RT chemotherapy affects DLCO baseline levels. Rates of side effects should be continuously studied when new target definitions or therapies are introduced in LRRT of BC.
Pension plan participant choice: Evidence on defined benefit and defined contribution preferences
Authors: GERRANS PAUL , CLARK GORDON L. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe report analysis of voluntary switching from defined benefit (DB) to defined contribution (DC) plans in an environment best characterised as benign. Using a large Australian fund database we identify socio-demographic correlates and the macroeconomic circumstances associated with DB to DC switching. The age of participants is an important correlate of switching behaviour, suggesting a degree of risk tolerance previously not recognised in the literature. It is also noted, however, that this type of switching behaviour may involve secondary behaviour such that uncertainties of DC investment performance are managed by reference to an asset allocation formula that maps to the previous DB investment strategy.
Potential of cardiac stem/progenitor cells and induced pluripotent stem cells for cardiac repair in ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Wang Wei Eric , Chen Xiongwen , Houser Steven R. , Zeng Chunyu 
Published: June 2013

Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for cardiac and vascular repair. The ultimate goal is to rebuild functional myocardium by transplanting exogenous stem cells or by activating native stem cells to induce endogenous repair. CS/PCs (cardiac stem/progenitor cells) are one type of adult stem cell with the potential to differentiate into cardiac lineages (cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells). iPSCs (induced pluripotent stem cells) also have the capacity to differentiate into necessary cells to rebuild injured cardiac tissue. Both types of stem cells have brought promise for cardiac repair. The present review summarizes recent advances in cardiac cell therapy based on these two cell sources and discusses the advantages and limitations of each candidate. We conclude that, although both types of stem cells can be considered for autologous transplantation with promising outcomes in animal models, CS/PCs have advanced more in their clinical application because iPSCs and their derivatives possess inherent obstacles for clinical use. Further studies are needed to move cell therapy forward for the treatment of heart disease.
Polypropylene membrane decreases contact wear of piezoelectric transformer with heat transfer structure
Authors: Ju Bin , Shao Weiwei , Pan Chengliang , Feng Zhihua 
Published: June 2013

A new design is presented to decrease the contact wear between a piezoelectric transformer and its heat transfer structure by inserting a layer of polypropylene membrane between them. Without significant degradation of performance, the wear problem is well suppressed with notable extension of working life. Compared with the former wear rate of 2.72% per day on the electrodes in the first 2.5 working days, the wear rate with polypropylene membrane is decreased to only 0.03% per day within an accumulated working time of 110 days. Moreover, with the insulating layer, structure design and package become more flexible as the metal electrodes and radiator are isolated.
Radio‐frequency amplifier with tunable high‐Q RF bandpass filtering for SAW‐less wireless receivers
Authors: Qi Nan , Chi Baoyong , Xu Yang , Wang Zhihua 
Published: June 2013

An inductor‐less on‐chip radio frequency bandpass filtering (RF‐BPF) technique with tunable centre frequency is proposed to replace the bulky and expensive external SAW filter. The centre frequency of the BPF not only tracks the local oscillation (LO) frequency (fLO), but also can be shifted from fLO to a controllable offset for low‐IF applications. The RF‐BPF has been embedded into a single‐ended‐input differential‐output radio frequency amplifier (RFA) and implemented in 65nm CMOS. The RFA draws 3.5 mA DC current from a 2.5 V power supply. Measurement results show that the BPF achieves 16 dB attenuation at 150 MHz offset from the 1.5 GHz centre frequency, and 7 MHz tunable range without changing the LO frequency.
Room temperature operated diffraction limited λ ≃ 3 µm diode lasers with 37 mW of continuous‐wave output power
Authors: Hosoda T. , Liang R. , Kipshidze G. , Shterengas L. , Belenky G. 
Published: June 2013

Single spatial mode GaSb‐based type‐I quantum well diode lasers operating near 3 µm at room temperature were designed and fabricated by chlorine‐free dry etching technique. The etching profile was optimised to minimise the optical loss. The 5.5 µm‐wide ridge lasers demonstrated the same slope efficiency as that of 100 µm‐wide multimode devices and generated 37 mW of continuous‐wave output power at 17°C.
Planar ultra‐wideband balun using coupled microstrip lines
Authors: Abbosh A. 
Published: June 2013

A planar balun based on using parallel‐coupled microstrip lines is presented. It is designed to transfer the unbalanced microstrip line to a balanced coplanar stripline as needed in many applications such as centre‐fed dipole antennas. The balun includes a T‐junction of stepped‐impedance and tapered microstrip lines and two pairs of stepped‐impedance parallel‐coupled lines. The designed balun covers the band from 3 to 11 GHz with less than 0.4 dB insertion loss.
The Capelli identity for Grassmann manifolds
Authors: Sahi Siddhartha 
Published: June 2013

The column space of a real

n
×
k

n\times k

matrix

x
x

of rank

k
k

is a

k
k

-plane. Thus we get a map from the space

X
X

of such matrices to the Grassmannian

G

\mathbb {G}

of

k
k

-planes in

R

n

\mathbb {R}^{n}

, and hence a

G

L

n

GL_{n}

-equivariant isomorphism
\[

C

∞

(

G

)

≈

C

∞

(
X
)

G

L

k

.

C^{\infty }\left ( \mathbb {G}\right ) \approx C^{\infty }\left ( X\right ) ^{GL_{k}}\text {.}

\]
We consider the

O

n

×
G

L

k

O_{n}\times GL_{k}

-invariant differential operator

C
C

on

X
X

given by
\[

C
=
det

(

x

t

x
)

det

(

∂

t

∂
)

,

where
x
=

(

x

i
j

)

,

∂
=

(

∂

∂

x

i
j

)

.

C=\det \left ( x^{t}x\right ) \det \left ( \partial ^{t}\partial \right ),\quad \text {where }x=\left ( x_{ij}\right ),\text { }\partial =\left ( \frac {\partial }{\partial x_{ij}}\right ).

\]
By the above isomorphism,

C
C

defines an

O

n

O_{n}

-invariant operator on

G

\mathbb {G}

.

Since

G

\mathbb {G}

is a symmetric space for

O

n

O_{n}

, the irreducible

O

n

O_{n}

-submodules of

C

∞

(

G

)

C^{\infty }\left ( \mathbb {G}\right )

have multiplicity 1; thus,

O

n

O_{n}

-invariant operators act by scalars on these submodules. Our main result determines these scalars for a general class of such operators including

C
C

. This answers a question raised by Howe and Lee and also gives new Capelli-type identities for the orthogonal Lie algebra.
iAnn: an event sharing platform for the life sciences
Authors: Jimenez Rafael C. , Albar Juan P. , Bhak Jong , Blatter Marie-Claude , Blicher Thomas , Brazas Michelle D. , Brooksbank Cath , Budd Aidan , De Las Rivas Javier , Dreyer Jacqueline , van Driel Marc A. , Dunn Michael J. , Fernandes Pedro L. , van Gelder Celia W. G. , Hermjakob Henning , Ioannidis Vassilios , Judge David P. , Kahlem Pascal , Korpelainen Eija , Kraus Hans-Joachim , Loveland Jane , Mayer Christine , McDowall Jennifer , Moran Federico , Mulder Nicola , Nyronen Tommi , Rother Kristian , Salazar Gustavo A. , Schneider Reinhard , Via Allegra , Villaveces Jose M. , Yu Ping , Schneider Maria V. , Attwood Teresa K. , Corpas Manuel 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Summary: We present iAnn, an open source community-driven platform for dissemination of life science events, such as courses, conferences and workshops. iAnn allows automatic visualisation and integration of customised event reports. A central repository lies at the core of the platform: curators add submitted events, and these are subsequently accessed via web services. Thus, once an iAnn widget is incorporated into a website, it permanently shows timely relevant information as if it were native to the remote site. At the same time, announcements submitted to the repository are automatically disseminated to all portals that query the system. To facilitate the visualization of announcements, iAnn provides powerful filtering options and views, integrated in Google Maps and Google Calendar. All iAnn widgets are freely available.
Availability: http://iann.pro/iannviewer
Contact: manuel.corpas@tgac.ac.uk
Clinicians' attitudes regarding withdrawal of left ventricular assist devices in patients approaching the end of life
Authors: Swetz Keith M. , Cook Katlyn E. , Ottenberg Abigale L. , Chang Nou , Mueller Paul S. 
Published: June 2013

AimsLeft ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are implanted to support the circulation of patients with advanced heart failure. Patients approaching death, or their surrogates, may request withdrawal of LVAD support. We sought to study the attitudes and practices of heart failure clinicians regarding withdrawal of LVAD support in patients approaching death.Methods and resultsUsing internet‐based and secure methods, we surveyed members of the European Society of Cardiology‐Heart Failure Association (ESC‐HFA), the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), and the Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA) to assess their attitudes and practices regarding LVAD withdrawal for patients approaching death. The results indicated that clinicians have varied attitudes and practices regarding withdrawing LVAD support in these patients. Furthermore, ESC‐HFA clinicians (primarily European) and ISHLT and HFSA clinicians (primarily North American) differed in their attitudes and practices regarding withdrawal of LVAD support, particularly its ethical and legal permissibility. For example, more European clinicians than North American clinicians regarded withdrawing LVAD support as a form of euthanasia.ConclusionOpinions and level of comfort with LVAD withdrawal vary among clinicians. Clinicians should be aware of suggested approaches or guidelines for managing requests for withdrawal of LVAD therapy.
13C NMR Metabolomic Evaluation of Immediate and Delayed Mild Hypothermia in Cerebrocortical Slices after Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation
Authors: Liu Jia , Segal Mark R. , Kelly Mark J. S. , Pelton Jeffrey G. , Kim Myungwon , James Thomas L. , Litt Lawrence 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background:
Mild brain hypothermia (32°–34°C) after human neonatal asphyxia improves neurodevelopmental outcomes. Astrocytes but not neurons have pyruvate carboxylase and an acetate uptake transporter. 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of rodent brain extracts after administering [1-13C]glucose and [1,2-13C]acetate can distinguish metabolic differences between glia and neurons, and tricarboxylic acid cycle entry via pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase.

Methods:
Neonatal rat cerebrocortical slices receiving a 13C-acetate/glucose mixture underwent a 45-min asphyxia simulation via oxygen–glucose-deprivation followed by 6 h of recovery. Protocols in three groups of N = 3 experiments were identical except for temperature management. The three temperature groups were: normothermia (37°C), hypothermia (32°C for 3.75 h beginning at oxygen–-glucose deprivation start), and delayed hypothermia (32°C for 3.75 h, beginning 15 min after oxygen–glucose deprivation start). Multivariate analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance metabolite quantifications included principal component analyses and the L1-penalized regularized regression algorithm known as the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.

Results:
The most significant metabolite difference (P < 0.0056) was [2-13C]glutamine’s higher final/control ratio for the hypothermia group (1.75 ± 0.12) compared with ratios for the delayed (1.12 ± 0.12) and normothermia group (0.94 ± 0.06), implying a higher pyruvate carboxylase/pyruvate dehydrogenase ratio for glutamine formation. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator found the most important metabolites associated with adenosine triphosphate preservation: [3,4-13C]glutamate—produced via pyruvate dehydrogenase entry, [2-13C]taurine—an important osmolyte and antioxidant, and phosphocreatine. Final principal component analyses scores plots suggested separate cluster formation for the hypothermia group, but with insufficient data for statistical significance.

Conclusions:
Starting mild hypothermia simultaneously with oxygen–glucose deprivation, compared with delayed starting or no hypothermia, has higher pyruvate carboxylase throughput, suggesting that better glial integrity is one important neuroprotection mechanism of earlier hypothermia.
Medical Students' Conceptualizations of Quality of Life Associated With Children With IBD
Authors: Salazar Guadalupe , Barker Judith C. , Heyman Melvin B. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the present study was to investigate second‐year medical students' understanding of quality of life associated with childhood inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods:A cross‐sectional study in a major teaching institution in San Francisco was carried out. A questionnaire was administered following an hour‐long gastroenterology lecture, which featured 2 young patients with pediatric‐onset IBD who addressed everyday life with the disease. Analyses of numerate responses to the questionnaire were paired with a content and thematic analysis of audiotape recordings of the patients' commentaries.Results:Medical students' responses to the patient interviews were extremely positive. Medical students gained a new awareness of the psychosocial complexities associated with living with a pediatric chronic illness and a new way of thinking about the meaning of “healthy.” Despite listening to 2 healthy young patients, however, the medical students still conceptualized pediatric IBD in mostly, although not exclusively, negative terms.Conclusions:Medical students' perceptions of pediatric IBD improved as a result of listening to the patient interviews. Although this teaching modality effectively introduced students to a complex condition, it did not overcome their unfavorable impression of the effect of IBD on children's lives. The symptoms associated with IBD have stigma attached to them, and these stereotypes influence how medical students perceive those living with this chronic illness. More research and training in this area is necessary.
Correlation of Health‐Related Quality of Life in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Their Parents, and Physician as Measured by a Visual Analog Scale
Authors: Teitelbaum Jonathan E. , Rajaraman Rajsekar R. , Jaeger Joseph , Para Sindhu , Rakitt Tina 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTBackground and Aims:Inflammatory bowel disease has been shown to affect children's health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) through the use of lengthy questionnaires. We examined whether a pediatric patient's HRQOL, measured by a rapid visual analog scale (“feeling thermometer”), correlates with the perceptions of the HRQOL as determined by the patient's pediatric gastroenterologist and parent(s). Additionally, we attempted to determine whether the HRQOL correlates with the patient's disease activity as determined by validated activity indices.Methods:A cross‐sectional study of pediatric patients (ages 7–21 years) who were diagnosed as having Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, or indeterminate colitis was conducted from January 2011 to May 2011. Each participant (patient, parent(s), and treating pediatric gastroenterologist) completed feeling thermometers to determine the symptom burden as well as therapeutic burden of the patient. The parent(s) and doctor were blinded to the patient's results. Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index or a Short Pediatric Crohn Disease Activity Index (S‐PCDAI) was calculated. Correlations between the participant's perceived burdens as well as their calculated disease activity were determined.Results:Sixty‐seven children and their families participated, resulting in 101 visits. Patients had a mean age of 15.0 years, and there were 38 boys. There was a strong significant correlation between the patient's perceived symptom burden and that of the parent's (ρ 0.59, P < 0.001) and physician (ρ 0.48, P < 0.001). Similarly, there was a strong significant correlation between patient's perceived treatment burden and that of the parent treatment burden (ρ 0.49, P < 0.001) and, to a lesser degree, the physician (ρ 0.29, P < 0.003). The correlation coefficient was strongest between the physician's perception of the patient's symptom burden against the standard disease activity indices Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (ρ 0.69, P < 0.001) and Short Pediatric Crohn Disease Activity Index (ρ 0.65, P < 0.001).Conclusions:The patient's HRQOL was highly correlated to both the physician's and parent's perceptions as well as their disease activity. The feeling thermometer is a quick, easy‐to‐use, visual analog scale that can be implemented in everyday practice to measure a pediatric patient's HRQOL.
C‐ANCA/Proteinase 3–Positive Colitis in Children
Authors: Van Biervliet Stephanie , Bonroy Carolien , Velde Saskia Vande , De Bruyne Ruth , Van Winckel Myriam , Peeters Harald , Delanghe Joris , Stove Veronique , De Vos Martine 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTAim:Anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) detected by indirect immunofluorescence have been found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nevertheless, specific antibodies against proteinase‐3 (PR3) are rare in this context.Methods:Sera from 30 consecutive pediatric patients with IBD were evaluated for ANCA‐indirect immunofluorescence and its specific antibodies to investigate whether PR3‐ANCA positivity (PR3‐ANCA+) identifies a distinct IBD subtype.Results:The 5 PR3‐ANCA+ patients (17%) showed significantly more concomitant biliary disease and severe anal blood loss (P < 0.05). None had vasculitis features at diagnosis nor during follow‐up.Conclusions:This pilot study demonstrates significant clinical differences between the PR3‐ANCA–positive and –negative IBD subset.
Three Main Factors Define Changes in Fecal Microbiota Associated With Feeding Modality in Infants
Authors: Gomez‐Llorente Carolina , Plaza‐Diaz Julio , Aguilera Margarita , Muñoz‐Quezada Sergio , Bermudez‐Brito Miriam , Peso‐Echarri Patricia , Martinez‐Silla Rosario , Vasallo‐Morillas M. Isabel , Campaña‐Martin Laura , Vives‐Piñera Inmaculada , Ballesta‐Martinez Maria J. , Gil Angel 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:There are many differences in the fecal infant microbiota associated with various feeding methods. The aim of this study was to examine the major differences in the fecal microbiota of breast‐fed (BF) and formula‐fed (FF) infants and to describe the principal bacterial components that would explain the variability in the predominant bacterial families and genus clusters.Methods:Fecal samples from 58 infants, 31 of whom were exclusively BF and 27 of whom were exclusively FF with a standard formula in agreement with the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition recommendations, were analyzed by fluorescent in situ hybridization combined with flow cytometry. Principal component analysis was used to maximize the information gained for the predominant bacterial families and genus clusters using a minimal number of bacterial groups.Results:The predominant detected group was Bifidobacterium, followed by Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroides in both BF and FF infants. The Lactobacillus group was the only independent variable associated with FF infants. We also found that 3 principal components were sufficient to describe the association between the bacterial group, genus, and species studied in BF and FF infants; however, these components differed between BF and FF infants. For the former, the 3 factors found were Bifidobacterium/Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobacillus/Bacteroides, and Clostridium coccoides/Atopobium; for the latter, Bifidobacterium/Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroides and C coccoides were observed.Conclusions:There is a clear clustering of components of infant microbiota based on the feeding method.