bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral carcinoma with perineural invasion has higher nerve growth factor expression and worse prognosis
Authors: Yu E‐H , Lui M‐T , Tu H‐F , Wu C‐H , Lo W‐L , Yang C‐C , Chang K‐W , Kao S‐Y 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundThis study elucidated the association between histopathological factors and the prognosis of oral carcinoma. As the histopathological factors were determined from the surgical specimen and this can only be used for the choices of postoperative regimens, this study also investigated the linkage between prognostic factors and the expression of key molecules to examine the feasibility of markers as predictors.MethodsClinicopathological factors of 101 oral carcinomas were cross‐analyzed with disease‐free survival. The expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptor, tyrosine kinase A receptor, was assayed with immunohistochemistry.ResultsNodal metastasis was the most crucial clinical predictor for disease‐free survival. Perineural invasion (PNI) was an independent histopathological predictor for both nodal metastasis (P = 0.004) and disease‐free survival (P = 0.019). Patients with advanced tumor and PNI exhibited the high hazard for tumor progression and poor disease‐free survival. NGF immunoreactivity in tumors was correlated with PNI (P = 0.005) and neck lymph node metastasis (P = 0.036).ConclusionPerineural invasion is the indicator of worst prognosis. As NGF immunoreactivity was found to be associated with PNI and nodal metastasis, the NGF immunoreactivity of oral carcinoma revealed by diagnostic biopsy suggests that alternative therapeutic approaches might be appropriate.
Living donor liver transplantation with alternative porto‐left gastric vein anastomosis in patients with post‐Kasai extrahepatic portal vein obstruction
Authors: Kitajima Toshihiro , Sakamoto Seisuke , Uchida Hajime , Hamano Ikumi , Kobayashi Megumi , Kanazawa Hiroyuki , Fukuda Akinari , Kasahara Mureo 
Published: March 2013

AbstractEPVO is a common cause of prehepatic portal hypertension in pediatric patients and sometimes results in cavernous transformation of the PV. We herein present the cases of two patients who underwent LDLT for EPVO with post‐Kasai biliary atresia. PV reconstruction was performed with a porto‐left gastric vein anastomosis. The patient who underwent PV reconstruction using an interposition vein graft is doing well without surgical complications, whereas PV anastomotic stenosis was detected three months after LDLT in the patient who did not receive an interposition vein graft. The availability of vein grafts is limited in the LDLT setting. In such cases, performing PV reconstruction with varicose veins using interposition vein grafts is a feasible and valuable alternative option for obtaining a sufficient portal blood flow. Our experiences suggest that using interposition vein grafts may be appropriate for preventing the anastomotic stenosis caused by the fragility of varicose veins.
α‐Santalol, A Skin Cancer Chemopreventive Agent with Potential to Target Various Pathways Involved in Photocarcinogenesis
Authors: Santha Sreevidya , Dwivedi Chandradhar 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study is designed to investigate the chemopreventive effect and molecular mechanisms of α‐santalol on UVB‐induced skin tumor development in SKH‐1 hairless mouse, a widely used model for human photocarcinogenesis. A dose of UVB radiation (30 mJ cm−2 day−1) that is in the range of human sunlight exposure was used for the initiation and promotion of tumor. Topical treatment of mice with α‐santalol (10%, wt/vol in acetone) caused reduction in tumor incidence, multiplicity and volume. In our study, the anticarcinogenic action of α‐santalol against UVB‐induced photocarcinogenesis was found to be associated with inhibition of inflammation and epidermal cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. α‐Santalol pretreatment strongly inhibited UVB‐induced epidermal hyperplasia and thickness of the epidermis, expression of proliferation and inflammation markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ki‐67 and cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox‐2). Significant decrease in the expression of cyclins A, B1, D1 and D2 and cyclin‐dependent kinases (Cdk)s Cdk1 (Cdc2), Cdk2, Cdk4 and Cdk6 and an upregulated expression of cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor Cip1/p21 were found in α‐santalol pretreated group. Furthermore, an elevated level of cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) were observed in α‐santalol‐treated group. Our data suggested that α‐santalol is a safer and promising skin cancer chemopreventive agent with potential to target various pathways involved in photocarcinogenesis.
The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire in Norway
Authors: Dundas Ingrid , Vøllestad Jon , Binder Per‐Einar , Sivertsen Børge 
Published: March 2013

The aim of this study was to adapt the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) for use in Norway. Three studies involving three different samples of university students (mean age 22 years, total N = 792) were conducted. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that a five factor structure provided an acceptable fit to the data. All five factors loaded significantly on the overall mindfulness factor. As expected, correlations between the FFMQ total scores and subscales were positive and significant, ranging from 0.45 to 0.65. Correlations between FFMQ total/subscales and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were significant and negative (since low scores on the MAAS indicate high mindfulness), ranging from r = −0.17 to −0.69. The Norwegian FFMQ total score was inversely correlated with all indicators of psychological health: neuroticism (r = −0.61), ruminative tendencies (r = −0.41), self‐related negative thinking (r = −0.40), emotion regulation difficulties (r = −0.66) and depression (r = −0.46 to r = −0.65). In contrast to the other FFMQ subscales, the FFMQ Observe subscale did not have a positive relation to psychological health in our mostly non‐meditating sample. However, being able to non‐judgmentally observe one's inner life and environment is a part of the mindfulness construct that might emerge more clearly with more mindfulness training. We conclude that the Norwegian FFMQ has acceptable psychometric properties and can be recommended for use in Norway, especially in studies seeking to differentiate between different aspects of mindfulness and how these may change over time.
Mother–Adolescent Conflict: Stability, Change, and Relations with Externalizing and Internalizing Behavior Problems
Authors: Hofer Claire , Eisenberg Nancy , Spinrad Tracy L. , Morris Amanda S. , Gershoff Elizabeth , Valiente Carlos , Kupfer Anne , Eggum Natalie D. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractStability and change in mother–adolescent conflict reactions (CRs) and the prediction of CRs from adolescents' earlier behavior problems (and vice versa) were examined with 131 mothers and their adolescents (63 boys). Dyads engaged in a 6‐min conflict discussion twice, 2 years apart [M age was 13 at Time 1 (T1)]. Non‐verbal expressive and verbal CRs during the conflict discussion were coded. Mothers, fathers, and teachers reported on adolescents' problem behaviors. There was inter‐individual (rank‐order) stability for adolescents' CRs whereas mothers' reactions were less stable. Mean levels of mothers' negativity, anger, and positive reactions and adolescents' negativity declined with time. Mothers’ CRs, more often than adolescents’ CRs, predicted and were predicted by adolescents’ problem behaviors in zero‐order correlations. In structural equation models with the stability of the constructs accounted for, adolescents' externalizing problems at T1 predicted higher maternal anger at Time 2 (T2). Mothers' anger and positive CRs at T1 predicted fewer T2 adolescents' internalizing problems. Stability and change in CRs are discussed.
Contingencies in Mother–Child Teaching Interactions and Behavioral Regulation and Dysregulation in Early Childhood
Authors: Lunkenheimer Erika S. , Kemp Christine J. , Albrecht Erin C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPredictable patterns in early parent–child interactions may help lay the foundation for how children learn to self‐regulate. The present study examined contingencies between maternal teaching and directives and child compliance in mother–child problem‐solving interactions at age 3.5 and whether they predicted children's behavioral regulation and dysregulation (inhibitory control and externalizing behaviors) as rated by mothers, fathers, and teachers at a four‐month follow‐up (N = 100). The predictive utility of mother‐ and child‐initiated contingencies was also compared with that of frequencies of individual mother and child behaviors. Structural equation models revealed that a higher probability that maternal directives were followed by child compliance predicted better child behavioral regulation, whereas the reverse pattern and the overall frequency of maternal directives did not. For teaching, stronger mother‐ and child‐initiated contingencies and the overall frequency of maternal teaching all showed evidence for predicting better behavioral regulation. Findings depended on which caregiver was rating child outcomes. We conclude that dyadic measures are useful for understanding how parent–child interactions impact children's burgeoning regulatory abilities in early childhood.
Power in Sibling Conflict during Early and Middle Childhood
Authors: Abuhatoum Shireen , Howe Nina 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSources of power children use in sibling conflict during early and middle childhood were examined according to French and Raven's typology of power. Participants included 66 dyads with an older (M = 81.8 months, SD = 14.48 months) and younger (M = 56.2 months, SD = 13.03 months) sibling. Data based upon naturalistic observations were coded for conflict issues (object, procedure, and information), power types (coercive, information, and legitimate), power effectiveness (attempts and successes), and resolutions (win/lose and compromise). Siblings used coercive power in object issues and information power in procedural issues. Whereas younger siblings used legitimate power in procedural and object issues including win/lose and compromise outcomes, older siblings used coercive power in win/lose resolutions. Siblings did not differ in their effectiveness of power, but they were most effective when coercive power was employed. Findings are discussed in light of power theory and the development of conflict management skills.
Assessment and monitoring of accelerated water erosion of cultivated land – when will reality be acknowledged?
Authors: Evans R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSoil erosion is a key issue in Europe, and strategies to protect soil need to be developed. Hence, eroding soils or those at risk of erosion need to be identified. Much model‐derived information on rates of erosion and on erosion risk of cultivated land may be of dubious value, and thus, there is need for other ways to assess erosion. Field‐based assessment is one approach for assessing and monitoring erosion and gives information that can be used at a variety of scales. In this review paper, the continuing use of models that predict potential erosion is questioned, and it is argued that there is a need for more field‐based assessment and monitoring of water erosion with monitoring at frequent intervals. Such monitoring allows the magnitude of the erosion problem to be assessed properly, and thus, the physical, social and economic factors that drive erosion can be better analysed and addressed. Field‐based erosion monitoring should be undertaken in all global environments, and then the results can be used to validate those from models of potential erosion.
Carbon turnover and sequestration potential of fodder radish cover crop
Authors: Mutegi J. K. , Petersen B. M. , Munkholm L. J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe studied fodder radish carbon turnover as affected by soil tillage in Foulum, Denmark. Actively growing fodder radish monoliths from direct‐drilled (DD) and conventionally tilled (CT) plots were extracted and labelled regularly with 14C isotope across their entire growth period. At the end of the fodder radish growth cycle, labelled biomass was harvested and incorporated into the same monolith. These monoliths were destructively sampled at biomass incorporation, 4, 8 and 18 months after incorporation. For each sampling period, soil and root samples were taken at 0‐ to 10‐, 10‐ to 25‐, and 25‐ to 45‐cm‐depth increments for determination of 14C distribution and retention. Carbon‐14 declined significantly with increasing soil depth at each sampling for the two tillage practices (P < 0.05). We further observed significantly higher 14C at 0–10 cm for DD than for CT at 4 and 8 months after biomass incorporation. For the 10–25 cm depth, 14C was significantly higher for CT than for DD, 4 and 8 months after incorporation. However, despite these depth‐specific differences, cumulative (0–45 cm soil depth) 14C retention was similar for DD and CT treatments for all the sampling periods. On the basis of a CN‐SIM model forecast, we estimated that over a 30‐yr period of continuous autumn fodder radish establishment, at least 4.9 t C/ha fodder radish C with a residence time of more than 20 yr could be stored in the soil.
Soil redistribution and organic carbon accumulation under long‐term (29 years) upslope tillage systems
Authors: Zhang J. H. , Li F. C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractFew studies have demonstrated soil redistribution under upslope tillage (UT) rather than downslope tillage (DT) and its impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution in long‐term agricultural practices in hillslope landscapes. We selected two neighbouring sites from the Sichuan Basin, China, one under DT and the other under UT, to determine the pattern of soil and SOC redistribution under a long‐term UT practice. DT caused soil loss at upper slope positions and soil accumulation at lower slope positions. However, UT resulted in soil accumulation at upper slope positions and soil loss at lower slope positions. The total erosion rate decreased by 60.5% after 29 years of UT compared with DT. Having the same direction of soil movement by tillage and water exaggerated total soil loss, whereas having the two movements in the contrasting direction of soil for the two reduced it. SOC stocks at positions from summit to downslope were much larger (33.8%) and at toe‐slope positions were only slightly greater (4.5%) in the UT soils than comparable values for the DT site. The accumulation rate of SOC at the UT site increased by 0.26 Mg/ha/year compared with that at the DT site. It is suggested that soil movement by water and tillage erosion occurred in the same direction accelerates the depletion of SOC pools, whereas the opposite direction of soil movement for the two can increase SOC accumulation. Our results suggest that UT has significant impacts on soil redistribution processes and SOC accumulation on steeply sloping land.
Effect of storage of red blood cells on alloimmunization
Authors: Zalpuri Saurabh , Schonewille Henk , Middelburg Rutger , van de Watering Leo , de Vooght Karen , Zimring James , van der Bom Johanna G. , Zwaginga Jaap Jan 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundRed blood cells (RBCs) undergo changes during storage. Various studies have suggested a higher risk of adverse and often multifactorial clinical outcomes associated with older‐stored RBCs. Our aim therefore was to examine if storage of transfused RBCs is also associated with the risk of RBC‐specific alloantibody formation.Study Design and MethodsA two‐center retrospective case‐referent study was performed where case patients and control subjects were sampled from all consecutive patients who had received their first and subsequent RBC transfusions in one of the two centers only. Cases were defined as patients who developed a first RBC alloantibody. Control subjects were patients without detectable RBC alloantibodies, who were matched to the case patients regarding number of RBC transfusions. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between storage time of RBCS and the occurrence of alloimmunization.ResultsA total of 144 cases and 286 controls were selected for our study, who had received a total 5478 RBC units. Comparing patients receiving units stored shorter than a certain number of days versus older units (with various storage periods up to 4 weeks) did not reveal an association or a trend between alloimmunization risk and storage time categories.ConclusionOur findings suggest that storage times of transfused RBCs between 1 and 4 weeks do not affect the risk of alloimmunization.
Red blood cell transfusion–related necrotizing enterocolitis in very‐low‐birthweight infants: a near‐infrared spectroscopy investigation
Authors: Marin Terri , Moore James , Kosmetatos Niki , Roback John D. , Weiss Paul , Higgins Melinda , McCauley Linda , Strickland Ora L. , Josephson Cassandra D. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that antecedent red blood cell (RBC) transfusions increase the risk for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the most common gastrointestinal emergency encountered by very‐low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants. The underlying mechanism for this association is unknown. Altered oxygenation of the mesenteric vasculature during RBC transfusion has been hypothesized to contribute to NEC development and was investigated in this study.Study Design and MethodsOxygenation patterns among four VLBW infants who developed transfusion‐related NEC (TR‐NEC) were compared to four VLBW infants with similar gestational age who were transfused but did not develop NEC (non‐NEC). Cerebral and mesenteric patterns were recorded before, during, and 48 hours after RBC transfusion using near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology. Percentage change from mean baseline regional oxygen saturation values and cerebrosplanchnic oxygenation ratios were analyzed.ResultsAll TR‐NEC infants (24‐29 weeks’ gestation; 705‐1080 g) demonstrated greater variation in mesenteric oxygenation patterns surrounding transfusions than non‐NEC infants (27.6‐30 weeks’ gestation; 980‐1210 g). TR‐NEC infants received larger mean volumes of total blood (27.75 ± 8.77 mL/kg) than non‐NEC infants (15.25 ± 0.5 mL/kg).ConclusionWide fluctuation and decreases in mesenteric oxygenation patterns are more pronounced in TR‐NEC infants, especially before TR‐NEC onset, compared to non‐NEC infants. Greater total volume of infused blood was associated with TR‐NEC in preterm infants. Using NIRS, larger prospective studies are needed to further evaluate potential risk factors for NEC in this high‐risk population.
Routine screening of blood donations at Qingdao central blood bank, China, for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA with a real‐time, multiplex nucleic acid test for HBV, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus Types 1 and 2
Authors: Yang Zhongsi , Xu Lei , Liu Li , Feng Qiuxia , Zhang Longmu , Ma Weijuan , Saldanha John , Wang Mingmin , Zhao Lin 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundThe Roche cobas TaqScreen MPX test was used to evaluate the rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐negative donations that were hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA reactive from June 2010 to January 2011 in Qingdao, China.Study Design and MethodsHBsAg‐negative samples from 65,800 voluntary blood donors were tested with the cobas TaqScreen MPX test in pools of 6 on the Roche cobas s 201 blood screening platform. Samples positive for HBV DNA and negative for HBsAg were quantitated with the Roche COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HBV test. In addition, serologic tests for HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antibody, anti‐hepatitis B core antigen (anti‐HBc), anti‐hepatitis B e antigen (anti‐HBe), and hepatitis B e antigen (HBe) were done using the Roche electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.ResultsA total of 80 nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) test‐reactive pools were identified and 59 pools (74%) resolved to a reactive sample. All samples were HBV DNA reactive and the viral load in each sample was quantitated. The viral loads of the samples ranged from less than 20 to 34,600 IU/mL; 13 samples (22%) had viral loads of more than 20 IU/mL, 27 samples (45.8%) had viral loads of less than 20 IU/mL, and 19 samples (32.2%) had undetectable viral loads. Of the 59 NAT‐reactive samples, 40 (67.8%) were anti‐HBc positive. Fifteen of the 59 samples could not be confirmed as NAT reactive either by an alternative NAT test or by serology.ConclusionThe HBV NAT yield in blood donors in Qingdao is 0.06% (38/65,800). This study confirmed the value of NAT for interdicting HBV‐positive donations and preventing transfusion‐transmitted HBV infections.
Expression of the CTL2 transcript variants in human peripheral blood cells and human tissues
Authors: Flesch Brigitte K. , Wesche Jan , Berthold Tom , Goldmann Torsten , Hundt Matthias , Greinacher Andreas , Bux Jürgen 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundThe HNA‐3a antigen is an important antibody target in the pathophysiology of transfusion‐related acute lung injury (TRALI). It is encoded by the choline transporter‐like protein 2 (CTL2) gene, which exists in the two transcript variants TV1 and TV2, differing in the upstream promoter and coding region. Only TV1 has been demonstrated to enable choline transport across the cell membrane.Study Design and MethodsThe aim of this study was to determine the CTL2 transcript pattern in human peripheral blood cells and tissues and its capacity to bind HNA‐3a antibodies. RNA was isolated from human whole blood, isolated neutrophils, mononuclear blood cells, leukoreduced platelets, human lung, liver, and colon. After reverse transcription, the single‐stranded cDNA was amplified using primer combinations specific for the respective transcript. Plasmids containing the entire CTL2 coding cDNA of the transcript variant TV1 or TV2 served as controls. HEK293T cells expressing both variants were used to determine the binding of HNA‐3a antibodies.ResultsThe shorter TV2 transcript was demonstrated in each RNA sample derived from human peripheral blood tested so far, as well as in human lung and liver, whereas the longer TV1 transcript was only detected in human lung and colon. TV1 and TV2 had the same binding capacity to HNA‐3a antibodies.ConclusionThe expression of TV1 and TV2 is tissue and cell specific, with peripheral blood cells expressing only TV2. This does not affect binding of HNA‐3a antibodies. Whether the unequal expression might be relevant in the pathogenesis of TRALI remains to be investigated.
Sweet and Sour Changes in Trade Regimes
Authors: Calì Massimiliano , Nolte Stephan , Cantore Nicola 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSugar is an important export for a number of developing countries, especially in the African, Caribbean and Pacific regions. In many of these countries, preferential access to the EU market has been a key factor to develop their sugar sectors. The recent and proposed changes to the international sugar trade regimes, particularly in the EU, are threatening this preferential access. We study the possible implications of such changes on ACP countries’ sugar production and exports by using a spatial price equilibrium model specifically developed for the sugar market. The results suggest that the effects of these changes are likely to vary according to the prevailing level of world sugar market price and according to whether ACP countries are current exporters to the EU.