bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P-073 EVALUATION OF SECONDARY ASPECTS OF ONLINE TEACHING BY MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Voss Amanda 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In the wake of the pandemic, teaching was switched to online formats across the board. Since face-to-face lectures have been possible again, the question has arisen as to whether and to what extent it makes sense to continue online teaching.

Methods
As part of the occupational medicine block internship, a total of 297 medical students were asked via online questionnaire to evaluate different aspects related to online teaching. These included the health-related areas of recovery/sleep, nutrition, exercise, and physical needs as well as of performance and organization of studying. The average age was 26 years, 67% of respondents were female. Quantitative and qualitative data analyses were conducted.

Results
Students reported that the proportion of online teaching was almost 26%, with the proportion that they considered useful being 30%. Regarding positive aspects of online teaching, the ability to attend courses when feeling unwell was mentioned most, followed by regular beverage intake within the area of nutrition. This was followed by the recovery/sleep section with a focus on power naps.

Discussion
The results show the positive side of online teaching, regarding secondary aspects. The quality of teaching, results of exams, and long-term-effects of online teaching could lead to different results. If used carefully, online teaching can offer a useful supplement to face-to-face teaching, even in a practically oriented subject such as human medicine.

Conclusion
The flexible delivery of teaching content can bring benefits for aspects. By including the target group, valuable insights can be gained that can contribute to the further design of teaching.
P-075 BELIEFS AND EXPECTATIONS OF ACTIVE PAUSE STRATEGIES AMONG ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL WITH SPINAL PAIN: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Miralles Carlos Tersa , Arnaldo Esther Rubinat , Carnacea Francesc Rubí 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Musculoskeletal disorders pose significant challenges in occupational health, particularly for office workers. This study explores the potential of implementing brief, frequent active pauses as a strategy to alleviate chronic spinal pain in administrative personnel, recognizing the multifaceted nature of pain management.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 administrative personnel experiencing chronic spinal pain until data saturation. The study utilized a systematic text condensation framework proposed by Malterud for data analysis.

Results
Participants consistently linked their spinalpain to factors such as posture, ergonomics, and workload. Although the pain was not always intense, it persistently affected their work lives. Short, regular active pauses of 2-3 breaks lasting 3-5 minutes, emerged as a practical and effective strategy for alleviating spinal pain during the workday. In contrast, the conventional recommendation of hourly 10-minute breaks was deemed less feasible in their specific work context.

Discussion
The study highlights the importance of recognizing the individualized nature of interventions for addressing chronic spinal pain among office workers. It underscores that spinal pain often relates to posture, ergonomics, and workload, with workers regularly experiencing manageable pain. Preferring shorter, more frequent active pauses challenges the traditional extended hourly breaks. Successful pain management strategies must incorporate participants’ perspectives, considering their experiences and contextual factors. Embracing the biopsychosocial approach, which encompasses physical, psychological, and social aspects, is vital.

Conclusion
This study’s results will be used for future research on implementing active pauses for administrative personnel. These workplace exercise interventions will prioritize individual needs and preferences, aiming to reduce musculoskeletal disorders in sedentary office settings.
P-079 THE LOW RATE OF TEACHING OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE IN MEDICAL SCHOOLS IN BRAZIL AND WORLDWIDE: A CHALLENGE TO BE OVERCOME
Authors: Ximenes Catiane , Souza Leonardo , Oliveira Paulo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
According to the International Labour Organization, about 2.8 million people die from causes related to work annually, and the costs amount to almost the entire GDP of the 130 poorest countries in the world, which justifies investing in the teaching of occupational medicine in medical training.

Objectives
To study the teaching of occupational medicine in medical schools in Brazil and around the world.

Methods
Data was obtained from medical school websites. For the analysis of the information, descriptive statistics were used and compared with previous studies in Brazil and in the world.

Results
Of the 286 medical schools in Brazil, 241 (84.3%) make the curriculum available on their websites, and of these, only 29% offered the subject during graduation in 2023. In world studies, the subject was taught in 100% of medical schools in Australia and New Zealand (1998), 95% in Europe (2011), 68% in the USA (1994), 65% in Turkey (2010) and 52% in Mexico (2006). Compared to the supply of medical residency programs in Brazil in 2022, only 0.13% were for Occupational Medicine and of these, 56.5% were filled.

Discussion
Occupational Medicine is still in its infancy in most medical schools around the world. Although the number of medical schools has increased by 65% since the last study in Brazil, Occupational Medicine has grown by 4.5%.

Conclusion
The lack of importance given to subjects related to Occupational Medicine during undergraduate studies may have negative repercussions on the demand for specialized training, as well as on the demand for more specialized training.
O-052 USING COMPUTER ASSISTED DETECTION TO PROMOTE HEALTH EQUITY THROUGH HIGH-VOLUME IDENTIFICATION OF SILICOSIS AND TUBERCULOSIS IN EX-MINERS: A BIO-ETHICS APPROACH
Authors: Spiegel Jerry , Ehrlich Rodney , Yassi Annalee , Kistnasamy Barry 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In Southern Africa, a powerful legacy of social injustice has been the prevalence of occupational lung disease, particularly silicosis and tuberculosis (TB) in those who worked in South Africa’s gold mines. Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being increasingly applied for healthcare purposes, distrust about introducing “disruptive” technologies persists. Intrinsic and contextual factors also influence where and how such innovations are initiated. These require careful scrutiny to ensure that health equity is promoted.

Methods
We describe and appraise an AI application currently being developed, specifically the use of computer assisted detection (CAD) for TB and/or silicosis on chest x-rays, to support more efficient and equitable adjudication of compensation claims from former miners in southern Africa. Using a bio-ethical lens that considers the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy and justice and adds explicability as a core principle, this study focuses on the apprehensions of users and stakeholders.

Results
Issues of concern include funding a sustainable health service delivery model in which CAD can be incorporated, CAD accuracy, possible biases in training of CAD systems, data privacy, impact on human skill development, transparency and accountability in CAD use, as well as intellectual property ownership.

Discussion
This paper discusses ways in which each of these potential obstacles to successful use of CAD could be mitigated.

Conclusion
From the outset, efforts to overcome technical implementation challenges must be considered to ensure ethical use. It is timely to take stock of barriers that might undermine the advancement of AI innovation on behalf of those who have been socially marginalized.
O-055 REHABILITATION OF SICK-LISTED LBP PATIENTS IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH WITH COLLABORATION OF THE WORKPLACE
Authors: Kokkonen Antton 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Chronic low back pain (LBP) is considered among the leading disorders causing disability worldwide. In persistent LBP, medical and vocational rehabilitation are important. However, active involvement of the workplace in rehabilitation procedures is uncommon. Utilization of occupational health (OH) in rehabilitation varies from country to country. The aim was to evaluate if rehabilitation procedures including OH and workplace participation increase return to work (RTW) rates among patients with subacute and chronic low back pain.

Methods
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted using the PUBMED and Cochrane databases. Main outcomes were RTW and days of sick leave. Interventions needed to be multidisciplinary including both OH and active workplace involvement in rehabilitation.

Results
Out of 1073 potentially eligible references, eight met the inclusion criteria. Three studies had OH and five case managers involved in rehabilitation. Co-operative interventions were identified as workplace visits - and workability meetings (WAMs). Rehabilitation involving both OH and workplace improved RTW and decreased the number of sick leave days among LBP patients. Having case managers involved had no effect in RTW.

Discussion
Based on the study results, we suggest utilizing co-operative interventions with workplaces in OH. They seem to have unused potential improving the rehabilitation process of the chronic LBP patients. High quality research investigating only the effect of WAMs in OH settings is needed in future.

Conclusion
In order to improve RTW, workplace visits - and WAMs between OH and workplace are essential components in the rehabilitation process among patients with chronic LBP.
P-087 ANALYZING A NEED FOR AN INTERNATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT GOVERNING BODY THAT MANAGES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH IN ALL DISCIPLES
Authors: Sepalamelo Bella 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
This article draws on the principles, standards, and approaches that were outlined in the Working Document of the Twelfth Session of the Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health and the International Labour Organization’s Occupational Health Services Convention (1985).

Method
The ISO repeated refusal to participate in the standardization of a management model for occupational health and safety has resulted in a plethora of models, many of which only work on a national scale. These models were created by standardization entities and organizations of different countries as well as private initiatives aiming to establish an advisory council for occupational health and safety.

Discussion
Despite the fact that the International Labour Organization and the World Health Organization have both played significant roles in the effort to improve and develop occupational safety and health systems, there has been no mention of a governing body that will supervise this launch on a global scale. Let’s take the Federation of International Football Association (FIFA) as an example for the purpose of making a comparison and shedding some light on the subject. The World Health Organization (WHO) has taken the moral high ground by collaborating with FIFA in an effort to improve global health.

Conclusion
When traditional thinking is unable to transform organizational frameworks, it is time to look at things with fresh eyes. Nevertheless, the problem of how to incorporate novel technologies into existing systems is a challenge. This proposal’s objective is to investigate the feasibility of establishing a globally applicable Occupational Health and Safety Management Governing Body.
P-090 DEVELOPMENT OF WORKPLACE DIAGNOSIS ~WINDMILL MODEL~
Authors: Igarashi Chiyo , Chiyojuku Ayako Murayama , Takagi Tomoko , Kusumoto Mari , Sawada Chigusa , Matsuzaka Akiko , Tsuchiya Tomomi , Iijima Miyoko 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In occupational health, workplace diagnostics are not established or practiced. In order to create a comfortable working environment, we decided to develop a workplace diagnosis model that allows occupational health professionals to appropriately assess workplace organizations.

Methods
Since 2015, 11 occupational health nurses with 5 to 35 years of work experience and 4 university teachers have examined a workplace diagnostic model based on domestic and overseas models and assessment tools, and explored the possibility of deployment in the workplace. We discussed the problems while applying workplace examples. It was used for presentations at academic conferences in Japan and at workshops for occupational health nurses at companies, and improvements were made.

Results
The workplace diagnosis model was named Windmill model, and was published in September 2023 as a book titled “Workplace Diagnosis Manual.” There is a core representing the people who make up the workplace at the center, and it consists of subsystems representing eight wings around it.

Discussion
The corporate version consists of “core” “physical/chemical/biological environment” “psychosocial-cultural environment” “labor” “management” “education” “health and safety” “communication/information” and “welfare”. The department version was defined as “core” “physical/chemical/biological environment” “psychosocial-cultural environment” “work environment” “business situation” “management” “education” “safety and health” and “communication/information”. By using this windmill model, we found that health needs and wellness for workplace organization support were clarified.

Conclusion
By using the Windmill model of workplace diagnosis, it was found that the health needs and wellness of the workplace can be accurately extracted, and the workplace organization can be supported.
P-092 INJURY MANAGEMENT PRACTICE IN AUSTRALIA AS AN OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICIAN
Authors: Shahzad Farhan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The proposed session is to discuss injury management consultation in Australia as legislation incorporated into the Workers’ Compensation system.

Methods
We will discuss the effect on Workers’ Compensation return-to-work timeframes and management outcomes. Discussion about the history and the progress of the Workers’ Compensation System in Australia. Discuss injury management consultation with Australian statistics. Comparative analysis of New South Sales and other states in Australia including Victoria, Australian Capital Territory, Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia and Tasmania.

Results
Outcomes of legislative support with occupational injury management promote the scope of work for occupational physicians. NSW has increased the scope of practice and employability for occupational medicine practitioners as authorized providers of occupational medical services with rehabilitation and return to work in workers’ compensation claims.

Discussion
The role of occupational physicians in Workers’ Compensation return to work is crucial.

Conclusion
Legislative inclusion of Occupational Medicine practitioners should be promoted in workers’ compensation government schemes.
O-061 INVESTIGATING WORK-RELATED FACTORS AND INFECTION RISK DURING THE COVID PANDEMIC: POOLED ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM THE UK LONGITUDINAL LINKAGE COLLABORATION (UK-LLC)
Authors: Gittins Matthew , Carder Mel , Seed Martin , Iskandar Ireny , Daniels Sarah , Van Tongeren Martie , Gittins Matthew , Rhodes Sarah , Wels Jacques , Wielgoszewska Bozena , Zhu Jingmin , Shaw G. Richard J , Hamilton Olivia K L , Demou Evangelia , Stevenson Anna , Badrick Ellena , Rhead Rebecca , Katikireddi Vittal , Ploubidis George B , Van Tongeren Martie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
We investigated how work-related factors such as key worker status, furlough, and working from home were associated with infection risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also explored how these relationships differed given the definition of an infection i.e. self-reported infection vs diagnostic test.

Methods
The UK LLC has collated data from 15 UK national cohort studies initiated since the 1960s and linked to NHS testing data. Each cohort surveyed participants at multiple stages during the pandemic, asking questions relating to several characteristics including self-reported infection status and occupational factors. We pooled risk ratios across cohort specific mixed effects Poisson regression models to investigate the association between work-related characteristics and infection due to both the self-reported infection status and the linked diagnostic test-positive infection status.

Results
Of the 15 studies, approximately 72,290 individuals responded 136,453 times to COVID surveys between March 2020 and March 2021. During which 10.8% (20% individuals) self-reported an infection whereas 1.9% (4.1% individuals) were linked to a positive test result. Pooled risk ratios indicated for self-reported infection that ‘key workers’ and ‘not-home working’ were at 23% and 7% increased risk whereas furlough, and ‘part-time workers’ both decreased risk by 7%. Linked positive infection was consistently associated with a greater magnitude in the effect with a 70% (compared to 23%) increased risk for keyworkers.

Discussion and conclusion
These results give a better understanding of the influence of work-related characteristics had on infection risk. Careful consideration of the infection definition also appears to be an important consideration when interpreting the influence of these characteristics.
O-062 A MORE ACCURATE PREVALENCE OF PTSD AND COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN ENGLAND: A TWO-PHASE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY
Authors: Stevelink Sharon , Lamb Danielle , Greenberg Neil , Wessely Simon , Madan Ira 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Previous studies on impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers’ (HCWs) mental health relied on self-reported screening measures to estimate point prevalence. Screening measures, designed to be sensitive, have low positive predictive value and often overestimate prevalence. We present a more accurate prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among HCWs in England using diagnostic interviews.

Methods
A two-stage, cross-sectional study comprising diagnostic interviews (n=337) within a larger multi-site longitudinal cohort of HCWs (n=23,462) was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. This included two representative participant groups: i) 243 participants completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the Clinical Interview Schedule – Revised (CIS-R) to assess CMDs; ii) 94 participants completed the PCL-6 and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5) for DSM-5 – to assess PTSD.

Results
The GHQ screening caseness for any CMD was 52·8% (95% CI 51.7 to 53.8). Using the CIS-R diagnostic interviews, the estimated population prevalence of generalised anxiety disorder was 14.3% (95% CI 10.4 to 19.2) and for depression 13.7% (95% CI 10.1 to 18.3). The PCL-6 screening caseness for PTSD was 25·4% (95% CI 24.3 to 26.5). Using the CAPS-5 diagnostic interviews, estimated population prevalence of PTSD was estimated at 7·9% (95% CI: 4.0 to 15.1).

Discussion
Implications for clinical practice, policy and future research will be discussed.

Conclusion
Prevalence estimates of CMDs in HCWs are considerably lower when estimated using diagnostic interviews than through screening tools. Nevertheless, 1-in-7 HCWs met the threshold for a clinically diagnosable mental disorder who might benefit from intervention.
O-064 COMMON CANCERS EXCESSES AMONG EMERGENCY SERVICE WORKERS
Authors: Demers Paul , Berriault Colin , Dakouo Mamadou , Kirkham Tracy , DeBono Nathan , Sritharan Jeavana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Much attention has been focused on identifying cancer risks among firefighters and little on other emergency service workers. We investigated cancer risks among paramedics in Ontario, Canada, and compared their results to patterns observed among firefighters and police.

Methods
This study used the Occupational Disease Surveillance System; 2.37 million former worker’s compensation claimants linked to the Ontario Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate sex and age-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results for firefighters and police were previously published, this is the first presentation of paramedic results.

Results
We identified 7,355 paramedics (Ncancers=289); and previously identified 13,642 firefighters (Ncancers=1,730), and 22,595 police (Ncancers=2,377). Compared to workers in all other occupational groups in the cohort, various excesses unique to these three groups were observed, but there were some striking similarities. For all three, we observed similar excesses of malignant melanoma (HRPara=2.03, CI=1.37-3.01; HRFF=2.38, CI=1.99-2.84; HRPol=2.27, CI=1.96-2.62) and prostate cancer (HRPara=1.44, CI=1.13-1.83; HRFF=1.43, CI=1.31-1.57; HRPol=1.47, CI=1.35-1.59) while decreased risks of lung cancer were observed in all three groups.

Discussion
Similarities between firefighters and police have been previously observed, but this is the first study to investigate cancer risks in paramedics. The assumption has generally been that cancer excesses in firefighters were due to their unique exposure. However, emergency service workers share some common carcinogenic exposures, including high-stress, vehicle exhaust, intermittent solar radiation, and night shift work.

Conclusion
Exploring similarities/differences between paramedics and other emergency responders may improve understanding of cancer etiology and inform primary prevention and screening efforts.
O-072 TRAJECTORIES OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN FROM MIDLIFE TO OLD AGE: A MULTICOHORT, LONGITUDINAL STUDY
Authors: Neupane Subas , K.C Prakash , Kyrönlahti Saila , Nygård Clas-Håkan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
This study aimed to study the developmental patterns of musculoskeletal pain from working life to old age. We also studied the associations of lifestyle factors with trajectories of musculoskeletal pain.

Methods
Data from four independent cohort studies from Finland (FLAME), the UK (ELSA), Norway (MUST), and the USA (HRS) were used. Analysis was based on the participants who were employed or those looking for jobs at baseline. Musculoskeletal pain was defined as pain in one or more body parts of the musculoskeletal system (yes/no). Latent class growth modeling (LCGM) was applied to identify trajectories of the number of pain sites. The association of the trajectories of musculoskeletal pain with baseline lifestyle factors was studied using multinomial logistic regression models.

Results
Three class trajectories of musculoskeletal were found from midlife to old age in all cohorts. Overall, 12% of people were in the high trajectory group in ELSA, 14% in MUST, 19% in HRS, and 23% in FLAME.

Discussion
The pooled estimate shows that smoking was associated with a high trajectory of musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.12-1.75), while physical activity and alcohol intake had no significant association with high musculoskeletal pain.

Conclusion
A substantial proportion of people have more than one site of pain consistently from working life to old age. Lifestyle-related factors play an important role in the development of MSP. Lifestyle interventions may reduce the impact of MSP which should be started already at working age when major non-communicable diseases and permanent disability are still very rare.