bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proximity-dependent initiation of hybridization chain reaction
Authors: Koos Björn , Cane Gaëlle , Grannas Karin , Löf Liza , Arngården Linda , Heldin Johan , Clausson Carl-Magnus , Klaesson Axel , Hirvonen M. Karoliina , de Oliveira Felipe M. S. , Talibov Vladimir O. , Pham Nhan T. , Auer Manfred , Danielson U. Helena , Haybaeck Johannes , Kamali-Moghaddam Masood , Söderberg Ola 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSensitive detection of protein interactions and post-translational modifications of native proteins is a challenge for research and diagnostic purposes. A method for this, which could be used in point-of-care devices and high-throughput screening, should be reliable, cost effective and robust. To achieve this, here we design a method (proxHCR) that combines the need for proximal binding with hybridization chain reaction (HCR) for signal amplification. When two oligonucleotide hairpins conjugated to antibodies bind in close proximity, they can be activated to reveal an initiator sequence. This starts a chain reaction of hybridization events between a pair of fluorophore-labelled oligonucleotide hairpins, generating a fluorescent product. In conclusion, we show the applicability of the proxHCR method for the detection of protein interactions and posttranslational modifications in microscopy and flow cytometry. As no enzymes are needed, proxHCR may be an inexpensive and robust alternative to proximity ligation assays.
Structural basis of asymmetric DNA methylation and ATP-triggered long-range diffusion by EcoP15I
Authors: Gupta Yogesh K. , Chan Siu-Hong , Xu Shuang-yong , Aggarwal Aneel K. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractType III R–M enzymes were identified >40 years ago and yet there is no structural information on these multisubunit enzymes. Here we report the structure of a Type III R–M system, consisting of the entire EcoP15I complex (Mod2Res1) bound to DNA. The structure suggests how ATP hydrolysis is coupled to long-range diffusion of a helicase on DNA, and how a dimeric methyltransferase functions to methylate only one of the two DNA strands. We show that the EcoP15I motor domains are specifically adapted to bind double-stranded DNA and to facilitate DNA sliding via a novel ‘Pin’ domain. We also uncover unexpected ‘division of labour’, where one Mod subunit recognizes DNA, while the other Mod subunit methylates the target adenine—a mechanism that may extend to adenine N6 RNA methylation in mammalian cells. Together the structure sheds new light on the mechanisms of both helicases and methyltransferases in DNA and RNA metabolism.
Host-virus interaction: the antiviral defense function of small interfering RNAs can be enhanced by host microRNA-7 in vitro
Authors: Zhang Xiaoying , Liu Dongyun , Zhang Sheng , Wei Xiujuan , Song Jie , Zhang Yupei , Jin Min , Shen Zhiqiang , Wang Xinwei , Feng Zhichun , Li Junwen 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSmall interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against poliovirus (PV) and other viruses effectively inhibit viral replication and have been developed as antiviral agents. Here, we demonstrate that a specific siRNA targeting the region between nucleotides 100–125 (siRNA-100) from the 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) of PV plays a critical role in inhibiting PV replication. Our data demonstrate that siRNA-100 treatment can greatly reduce PV titers, resulting in up-regulation of host microRNA-7 (miR-7), which in turn, leads to enhance inhibition of PV infection further. Moreover, our results suggest that siRNA-100 can also impair the spread of PV to uninfected cells by increasing host resistance to PV, resulting in decreasing necrosis and cytopathic effects (CPE) levels, as well as prolonging the survival of infected cells. Indeed, the active antiviral effect of siRNA-100 was potentially supplemented by the activity of miR-7 and both of them can serve as stabilizing factors for maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Results of this study identify a molecular mechanism of RNAi for antiviral defense and extend our knowledge of the complex interplay between host and PV, which will provide a basis for the development of effective RNAi-based therapies designed to inhibit PV replication and protect host cells.
Oxygen Vacancy Induced Flat Phonon Mode at FeSe /SrTiO3 interface
Authors: Xie Yun , Cao Hai-Yuan , Zhou Yang , Chen Shiyou , Xiang Hongjun , Gong Xin-Gao 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA high-frequency optical phonon mode of SrTiO3 (STO) was found to assist the high-temperature superconductivity observed recently at the interface between monolayer FeSe and STO substrate. However, the origin of this mode is not clear. Through first-principles calculations, we find that there is a novel polar phonon mode on the surface layers of the STO substrate, which does not exist in the STO crystals. The oxygen vacancies near the FeSe/STO interface drives the dispersion of this phonon mode to be flat and lowers its energy, whereas the charge transfer between STO substrate and FeSe monolayer further reduces its energy to 81 meV. This energy is in good agreement with the experimental value fitted by Lee et al. for the phonon mode responsible for the observed replica band separations and the increased superconducting gap. The oxygen-vacancy-induced flat and polar phonon mode provides clues for understanding the origin of high Tc superconductivity at the FeSe/STO interface.
Variation in the bovine FABP4 gene affects milk yield and milk protein content in dairy cows
Authors: Zhou H. , Cheng L. , Azimu W. , Hodge S. , Edwards G. R. , Hickford J. G. H. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) bind long-chain fatty acids and are involved in their intracellular transport. Of the known bovine FABP genes,FABP4has been mapped to a region on chromosome 14 that contains quantitative trait loci for milk traits. This study investigated the association ofFABP4haplotypes with milk production traits in 719 Holstein-Friesian × Jersey cows. Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis of a variable region of the gene revealed three haplotypes (A,BandC). Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified: two in exon 3 and three in intron 3.Awas associated (P = 0.032) with increased milk protein percentage (present: 4.00 ± 0.02%; absent: 3.95 ± 0.02%) andBwas associated (P = 0.009) with increased milk yield (present: 23.81 ± 0.23 kg/d; absent: 23.06 ± 0.21 kg/d), but tended to be associated with a decrease in protein percentage and an increase in protein yield. Cows with genotypesAA,ABandACproduced less milk, but with a higher protein percentage thanBCcows. This suggest thatFABP4affects milk yield and milk protein content, both economically important traits and that further study of this gene is warranted.
Rational design of binder-free noble metal/metal oxide arrays with nanocauliflower structure for wide linear range nonenzymatic glucose detection
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Xin Yanmei , Zhang Zhonghai , Wu Hongjun , Wang Peng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractOne-dimensional nanocomposites of metal-oxide and noble metal were expected to present superior performance for nonenzymatic glucose detection due to its good conductivity and high catalytic activity inherited from noble metal and metal oxide respectively. As a proof of concept, we synthesized gold and copper oxide (Au/CuO) composite with unique one-dimensional nanocauliflowers structure. Due to the nature of the synthesis method, no any foreign binder was needed in keeping either Au or CuO in place. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt in combining metal oxide and noble metal in a binder-free style for fabricating nonenzymatic glucose sensor. The Au/CuO nanocauliflowers with large electrochemical active surface and high electrolyte contact area would promise a wide linear range and high sensitive detection of glucose with good stability and reproducibility due to its good electrical conductivity of Au and high electrocatalytic activity of CuO.
Researchers’ perspectives on scientific and ethical issues with transcranial direct current stimulation: An international survey
Authors: Riggall Kate , Forlini Cynthia , Carter Adrian , Hall Wayne , Weier Megan , Partridge Brad , Meinzer Marcus 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn the last decade, an increasing number of studies have suggested that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may enhance brain function in healthy individuals and ameliorate cognitive and other symptoms in patients suffering from various medical conditions. This, along with its presumed safety, simplicity and affordability, has generated great enthusiasm amongst researchers, clinicians, patient populations and the public (including a growing “do-it-yourself” community). However, discussion about the effectiveness and ethics of tDCS thus far has been confined to small groups of tDCS researchers and bioethicists. We conducted an international online survey targeting the opinions of researchers using tDCS who were asked to rate the technique’s efficacy in different contexts. We also surveyed opinions about ethical concerns, self-enhancement and public availability. 265 complete responses were received and analyzed statistically and thematically. Our results emphasize the potential uses of tDCS in clinical and research contexts, but also highlight a number of emerging methodological and safety concerns, ethical challenges and the need for improved communication between researchers and bioethicists with regard to regulation of the device. Neither the media reputation of tDCS as a “miracle device” nor concerns expressed in recent neuroethical publications were entirely borne out in expert opinion.
Transition to turbulence in Taylor-Couette ferrofluidic flow
Authors: Altmeyer Sebastian , Do Younghae , Lai Ying-Cheng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIt is known that in classical fluids turbulence typically occurs at high Reynolds numbers. But can turbulence occur at low Reynolds numbers? Here we investigate the transition to turbulence in the classic Taylor-Couette system in which the rotating fluids are manufactured ferrofluids with magnetized nanoparticles embedded in liquid carriers. We find that, in the presence of a magnetic field transverse to the symmetry axis of the system, turbulence can occur at Reynolds numbers that are at least one order of magnitude smaller than those in conventional fluids. This is established by extensive computational ferrohydrodynamics through a detailed investigation of transitions in the flow structure and characterization of behaviors of physical quantities such as the energy, the wave number and the angular momentum through the bifurcations. A finding is that, as the magnetic field is increased, onset of turbulence can be determined accurately and reliably. Our results imply that experimental investigation of turbulence may be feasible by using ferrofluids. Our study of transition to and evolution of turbulence in the Taylor-Couette ferrofluidic flow system provides insights into the challenging problem of turbulence control.
Generation of pure lymphatic endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells and their therapeutic effects on wound repair
Authors: Lee Shin-Jeong , Park Changwon , Lee Ji Yoon , Kim Sangsung , Kwon Pil Jae , Kim Woansang , Jeon Yong Heui , Lee Eugine , Yoon Young-sup 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHuman pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have emerged as an important source for cell therapy. However, to date, no studies demonstrated generation of purified hPSC-derived lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and tested their therapeutic potential in disease models. Here we sought to differentiate hPSCs into the LEC lineage, purify them with LEC markers and evaluate their therapeutic effects. We found that an OP9-assisted culture system reinforced by addition of VEGF-A, VEGF-C and EGF most efficiently generated LECs, which were then isolated via FACS-sorting with LYVE-1 and PODOPLANIN. These hPSC-derived LYVE-1+PODOPLANIN+cells showed a pure committed LEC phenotype, formed new lymphatic vessels and expressed lymphangiogenic factors at high levels. These hPSC-derived LECs enhanced wound healing through lymphangiogenesis and lymphvasculogenesis. Here we report, for the first time, that LECs can be selectively isolated from differentiating hPSCs and that these cells are potent for lymphatic vessel formation in vivo and wound healing. This system and the purified hPSC-derived LECs can serve as a new platform for studying LEC development as well as for cell therapy.
Electrical Switchability and Dry-Wash Durability of Conductive Textiles
Authors: Wu Bangting , Zhang Bowu , Wu Jingxia , Wang Ziqiang , Ma Hongjuan , Yu Ming , Li Linfan , Li Jingye 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThere is growing interest in the area of conductive textiles in the scientific and industrial community. Herein, we successfully prepared a conductive textile via covalently grafting polyaniline (PANI) onto cotton by a multi-step treatment process. The conductivity of the resultant fabric could be tuned by immersing in water having different pH values. The conductive and insulating properties of the textile could be conveniently switched by alternately immersing in acidic and alkaline bath solutions. Most importantly, the resultant conductive fabrics were able to withstand 40 simulated dry-wash cycles, with almost no decay in the electrical conductivity, indicating their excellent dry-wash durability. The present strategy for fabricating conductive fabrics with excellent switchability of electrical properties and dry-wash durability is expected to provide inspiration for the production of multifunctional conductive textiles for use in hash or sensitive conditions.
Chitosan grafted methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) nanosuspension for ocular delivery of hydrophobic diclofenac
Authors: Shi Shuai , Zhang Zhaoliang , Luo Zichao , Yu Jing , Liang Renlong , Li Xingyi , Chen Hao 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a cationic nanosuspension of chitosan (CS) and methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) for ocular delivery of diclofenac (DIC). MPEG-PCL-CS block polymer was synthesized by covalent coupling of MPEG-PCL with CS. The critical micelle concentration of the MPEG-PCL-CS block polymer was 0.000692 g/L. DIC/MPEG-PCL-CS nanosuspension (mean particle size = 105 nm, zeta potential = 8 mV) was prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The nanosuspension was very stable without apparent physical property changes after storage at 4 °C or 25 °C for 20 days, but it was unstable in the aqueous humor solution after 24 h incubation. Sustained release of the encapsulated DIC from the nanosuspension occurred over 8 h. Neither a blank MPEG-PCL-CS nanosuspension nor a 0.1% (mass fraction) DIC/MPEG-PCL-CS nanosuspension caused ocular irritation after 24 h of instillation. Enhanced penetration and retention in corneal tissue was achieved with a Nile red/MPEG-PCL-CS nanosuspension compared with a Nile red aqueous solution. In vivo pharmacokinetics studies showed enhanced pre-corneal retention and penetration of the DIC/MPEG-PCL-CS nanosuspension, which resulted in a higher concentration of DIC (Cmax) in the aqueous humor and better bioavailability compared with commercial DIC eye drops (P < 0.01).
Frequency-resolved optical gating technique for retrieving the amplitude of a vibrational wavepacket
Authors: Nabekawa Yasuo , Furukawa Yusuke , Okino Tomoya , Amani Eilanlou A. , Takahashi Eiji J. , Yamanouchi Kaoru , Midorikawa Katsumi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe propose a novel method to determine the complex amplitude of each eigenfunction composing a vibrational wavepacket of "Equation missing"/"Equation missing" molecular ions evolving with a ~10 fs time scale. We find that the two-dimensional spectrogram of the kinetic energy release (KER) of H+/D+ fragments plotted against the time delay of the probe pulse is equivalent to the spectrogram used in the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) technique to retrieve the complex amplitude of an ultrashort optical pulse. By adapting the FROG algorithm to the delay-KER spectrogram of the vibrational wavepacket, we have successfully reconstructed the complex amplitude. The deterioration in retrieval accuracy caused by the bandpass filter required to process actual experimental data is also discussed.
Schottky barrier formation and band bending revealed by first- principles calculations
Authors: Jiao Yang , Hellman Anders , Fang Yurui , Gao Shiwu , Käll Mikael 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe formation of a Schottky barrier at the metal-semiconductor interface is widely utilised in semiconductor devices. With the emerging of novel Schottky barrier based nanoelectronics, a further microscopic understanding of this interface is in high demand. Here we provide an atomistic insight into potential barrier formation and band bending by ab initio simulations and model analysis of a prototype Schottky diode, i.e., niobium doped rutile titania in contact with gold (Au/Nb:TiO2). The local Schottky barrier height is found to vary between 0 and 1.26 eV depending on the position of the dopant. The band bending is caused by a dopant induced dipole field between the interface and the dopant site, whereas the pristine Au/TiO2 interface does not show any band bending. These findings open the possibility for atomic scale optimisation of the Schottky barrier and light harvesting in metal-semiconductor nanostructures.
The significance of membrane fluidity of feeder cell-derived substrates for maintenance of iPS cell stemness
Authors: Zhou Yue , Mao Hongli , Joddar Binata , Umeki Nobuhisa , Sako Yasushi , Wada Ken-Ichi , Nishioka Chieko , Takahashi Eiki , Wang Yi , Ito Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe biological activity of cell-derived substrates to maintain undifferentiated murine-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells was correlated to membrane fluidity as a new parameter of cell culture substrates. Murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were employed as feeder cells and their membrane fluidity was tuned by chemical fixation using formaldehyde (FA). Membrane fluidity was evaluated by real-time single-molecule observations of green fluorescent protein-labeled epidermal growth factor receptors on chemically fixed MEFs. Biological activity was monitored by colony formation of iPS cells. Treatment with a low concentration of FA sustained the membrane fluidity and biological activity, which were comparable to those of mitomycin C-treated MEFs. The biological activity was further confirmed by sustained expression of alkaline phosphatase, SSEA-1 and other pluripotency markers in iPS cells after 3–5 days of culture on FA-fixed MEFs. Chemical fixation of feeder cells has several advantages such as providing ready-to-use culture substrates without contamination by proliferating feeder cells. Therefore, our results provide an important basis for the development of chemically fixed culture substrates for pluripotent stem cell culture as an alternative to conventional treatment by mitomycin C or x-ray irradiation.
On the formation of current ripples
Authors: Bartholdy J. , Ernstsen V. B. , Flemming B. W. , Winter C. , Bartholomä A. , Kroon A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFor grain sizes finer than coarse sand, the first flow-transverse bedforms to develop are current ripples. Although numerous studies have analysed different aspects of bedform morphodynamics, to date no comprehensive physical explanation for the formation of ripples has been given. We offer such an explanation based on a virtual boundary layer concept and present a model predicting ripple height on the basis of grain size, current velocity and water depth. The model contradicts the conventional view of current ripples as bedforms not scaling with flow depth. Furthermore, it confirms the dependence of ripple dimensions on grain size and their relative insensitivity to flow strength.
Improved thermal management of InP transistors in transferred‐substrate technology with diamond heat‐spreading layer
Authors: Nosaeva K. , Weimann N. , Rudolph M. , John W. , Krueger O. , Heinrich W. 
Published: June 2015

A method to improve the thermal management of indium phosphide (InP) double‐hetero bipolar transistors (DHBTs) fabricated in a transferred‐substrate technology is presented. A vapour‐phase deposited diamond layer acting as a heat spreader is heterogeneously integrated into the vertical layer stack. It is observed that the diamond layer reduces the thermal resistance of a 0.8 × 5 µm2 single emitter–finger HBT by roughly 75% down to 1.1 K/mW which is, to the authors’ knowledge, the best value reported thus far for InP HBTs of comparable size. It is also the first demonstration of heterogeneous integration of diamond into an InP HBT monolithic microwave integrated circuit.
Cross-correlations of American baby names
Authors: Barucca Paolo , Rocchi Jacopo , Marinari Enzo , Parisi Giorgio , Ricci-Tersenghi Federico 
Published: June 2015

Significance
Societal and cultural transformations are very general and debated topics, both by scientists (e.g., sociologists) and by public opinion (e.g., artists, music producers, brand manufacturers, and advertising agencies). Although almost everyone would be able to express a position on such arguments, it is much more difficult to support such an opinion based on scientific evidence. In this work we analyze the case of American baby names and describe the evolution of tastes of parents regarding the choice of the name during the years of the last century. Using quantitative methods we find that a deep transformation occurred at the end of the 20th century and suggest that this might be studied from a quantitative sociological point of view.
The dogs bark and the circus moves on
Authors: Robinson John D 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The paper aims to set out challenges that libraries face while developing their Digital Library capabilities and capacity and propose an approach to estimating the costs for these functions. There is a skills challenge as well as an organisational challenge. The opportunities to build new teams or re-train existing staff are discussed.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach builds on a 2008 paper about Digital Library economics and discusses the changes in the environment since then. A model is described in which a library takes on the full responsibility for building and operating a Digital Library function in-house. This is used to benchmark other options such as managed services, outsourced infrastructure and “cloud” services.

Findings
– The Open Access Publication and Research Data Management mandates present challenges to all libraries based in academic institutions in the UK. New working methods and new costs are unavoidable. There are a number of ways to deal with this depending upon the institutional circumstance. The bottom line can be increases in revenue budgets of around 10 per cent with variable requirements for capital investment.

Originality/value
– Libraries and librarians have different experiences in closely working with colleagues in information technology (IT). A number of propositions are presented about the value of cooperation and collaboration between library and IT and also with external partners and service providers.
From Plimsoll Line to triple bottom line: adding value through partnership
Authors: Law Derek G 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of the paper is to argue that university libraries need to rethink their relationship with their parent institution.Design/methodology/approach– Personal view based on managerial experience in universities.Findings– Libraries must focus first on institutional mission and align their mission and strategy to that.Research limitations/implications– The limitations of the paper are that this paper is only based on a single point of view.Practical implications– Rethink approaches to relationships with the parent body.Originality/value– It is an original point of view which is at least worth reading to see if it has value.