bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hagedorn temperature from the thermal scalar in AdS and pp-wave backgrounds
Authors: Harmark Troels 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We propose a thermal scalar equation of motion (EOM) that takes into account curvature corrections for backgrounds supported by Ramond-Ramond fluxes. This can be used to obtain the Hagedorn temperature for type II string theory on AdS and pp-wave backgrounds. For Ramond-Ramond flux supported pp-waves we show that the proposed thermal scalar EOM reproduces the leading curvature correction in the Hagedorn temperature equation obtained from the type II string theory spectrum. Furthermore, we use the thermal scalar EOM to obtain curvature corrections to the Hagedorn temperature for the AdS5 × S5 and AdS4 × ℂP3 backgrounds. These corrections match with strong coupling results of the integrable dual field theories, recently obtained by the Quantum Spectral Curve technique.
Coupling of branes and twisted self-duality in the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory
Authors: Malcha Hannes 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We study three approaches to electric-magnetic duality in the 4-dimensional Maxwell theory coupled to a dyonic point charge and in the 5-dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons (MCS) theory coupled to an electric point charge and a magnetic string charge. The three approaches have been developed by Dirac, Bunster and Henneaux, and Pasti, Sorokin and Tonin (PST). In Dirac’s formulation, the electric magnetic duality is realized only on the level of the equations of motion. The other two formulations introduce a dual (magnetic) gauge potential to induce manifest twisted self-duality in the action. In particular, we study the relations connecting the three approaches. The main results of this paper are the Bunster-Henneaux and PST formulations of the MCS theory with sources. We compare our result to the PST formulation of 11-dimensional supergravity coupled to the M2- and M5-brane by Bandos, Berkovits, and Sorokin.
Quark production and thermalization of the quark-gluon plasma
Authors: Barrera Cabodevila Sergio , Salgado Carlos A. , Wu Bin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We first assemble a full set of the Boltzmann Equation in Diffusion Approximation (BEDA) for studying thermalization/hydrodynamization as well as the production of massless quarks and antiquarks in out of equilibrium systems. In the BEDA, the time evolution of a generic system is characterized by the following space-time dependent quantities: the jet quenching parameter, the effective temperature, and two more for each quark flavor that describe the conversion between gluons and quarks/antiquarks via the 2 ↔ 2 processes. Out of the latter two quantities, an effective net quark chemical potential is defined, which equals the net quark chemical potential after thermal equilibration. We then study thermalization and the production of three flavors of massless quarks and antiquarks in spatially homogeneous systems initially filled only with gluons. A parametric understanding of thermalization and quark production is obtained for either initially very dense or dilute systems, which are complemented by detailed numerical simulations for intermediate values of initial gluon occupancy f0. For a wide range of f0, the final equilibration time is determined to be about one order of magnitude longer than that in the corresponding pure gluon systems. Moreover, during the final stage of the thermalization process for f0 ≥ 10−4, gluons are found to thermalize earlier than quarks and antiquarks, undergoing the top-down thermalization.
A Quantum Harmonic Analysis Approach to Segal Algebras
Authors: Berge Eirik , Berge Stine Marie , Fulsche Robert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, we study a commutative Banach algebra structure on the space $$L^1(\mathbb {R}^{2n})\oplus {\mathcal {T}}^1$$

L
1

(

R

2
n

)

⊕

T

1

, where the $${\mathcal {T}}^1$$

T

1

denotes the trace class operators on $$L^2(\mathbb {R}^{n})$$

L
2

(

R

n

)

. The product of this space is given by the convolutions in quantum harmonic analysis. Towards this goal, we study the closed ideals of this space, and in particular its Gelfand theory. We additionally develop the concept of quantum Segal algebras as an analogue of Segal algebras. We prove that many of the properties of Segal algebras have transfers to quantum Segal algebras. However, it should be noted that in contrast to Segal algebras, quantum Segal algebras are not ideals of the ambient space. We also give examples of different constructions that yield quantum Segal algebras.
Fujita exponent for non-local parabolic equation involving the Hardy–Leray potential
Authors: Abdellaoui Boumediene , Siclari Giovanni , Primo Ana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we analyse the existence and non-existence of non-negative solutions to a non-local parabolic equation with a Hardy–Leray-type potential. More precisely, we consider the problem $$\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} (w_t-\Delta w)^s=\frac{\lambda }{|x|^{2s}} w+w^p +f, &{}\quad \text {in }\mathbb {R}^N\times (0,+\infty ),\\ w(x,t)=0, &{}\quad \text {in }\mathbb {R}^N\times (-\infty ,0], \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}$$

(

w
t

-
Δ
w
)

s

=

λ

|
x
|

2
s

w
+

w
p

+
f
,

in

R

N

×

(
0
,
+
∞
)

,

w
(
x
,
t
)
=
0
,

in

R

N

×

(
-
∞
,
0
]

,

where $$N> 2s$$

N
>
2
s

, $$0<s<1$$

0
<
s
<
1

and $$0<\lambda <\Lambda _{N,s}$$

0
<
λ
<

Λ

N
,
s

, the optimal constant in the fractional Hardy–Leray inequality. In particular, we show the existence of a critical existence exponent $$p_{+}(\lambda , s)$$

p
+

(
λ
,
s
)

and of a Fujita-type exponent $$F(\lambda ,s)$$

F
(
λ
,
s
)

such that the following holds:

Let $$p>p_+(\lambda ,s)$$

p
>

p
+

(
λ
,
s
)

. Then there are not any non-negative supersolutions.

Let $$p<p_+(\lambda ,s)$$

p
<

p
+

(
λ
,
s
)

. Then there exist local solutions, while concerning global solutions we need to distinguish two cases:

Let $$ 1< p\le F(\lambda ,s)$$

1
<
p
≤
F
(
λ
,
s
)

. Here we show that a weighted norm of any positive solution blows up in finite time.

Let $$F(\lambda ,s)<p<p_+(\lambda ,s)$$

F

(
λ
,
s
)

<
p
<

p
+

(
λ
,
s
)

. Here we prove the existence of global solutions under suitable hypotheses.
Hyperglycaemic crises in adults with diabetes: a consensus report
Authors: Umpierrez Guillermo E. , Davis Georgia M. , ElSayed Nuha A. , Fadini Gian Paolo , Galindo Rodolfo J. , Hirsch Irl B. , Klonoff David C. , McCoy Rozalina G. , Misra Shivani , Gabbay Robert A. , Bannuru Raveendhara R. , Dhatariya Ketan K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe American Diabetes Association (ADA), European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care (JBDS), American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE) and Diabetes Technology Society (DTS) convened a panel of internists and diabetologists to update the ADA consensus statement on hyperglycaemic crises in adults with diabetes, published in 2001 and last updated in 2009. The objective of this consensus report is to provide up-to-date knowledge about the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) in adults. A systematic examination of publications since 2009 informed new recommendations. The target audience is the full spectrum of diabetes healthcare professionals and individuals with diabetes.
Three-dimensional characterization of abrasive chips using micro-computed tomography
Authors: Fang Shiqi , Fell Jonas , Frank Alexander , Guo Yuebin , Herrmann Hans-Georg , Bähre Dirk 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChip formation is considered one important indicator to evaluate machining processes. In particular, geometric features of chips may provide important insights for the assessment of machining stability and productivity. In fixed-abrasive machining processes, such as grinding and honing, chips are simultaneously produced by many of the geometrically undefined cutting edges. Despite being “undefined,” geometric features of abrasive grains can still be statistically characterized or described. Accordingly, it can be assumed that, under stable machining conditions, the geometric features of abrasive chips may also conform to certain statistical patterns. However, statistical characterization of abrasive chips can be very challenging due to their large quantity, irregular shapes, minuscule size, and sometimes tangled condition. In this study, an analysis method combining metallographic preparation and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has been developed to characterize abrasive chips produced by a honing stone. The results regarding the geometric characteristics of the obtained massive abrasive chips, i.e., their sizes and shapes, were presented and statistically described. It was found most chips had a size around 50 µm and the shape being a slightly elongated and curved cone. Most of the geometric features could meet a positive skewness distribution.
Energy calculations for sodium vs. potassium on a prokaryotic voltage-gated sodium channel: a quantum-chemical study
Authors: Ferrer Juan , San-Fabián Emilio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe selectivity of the sodium channel has been the subject of numerous experimental and theoretical studies. In this work, this problem is approached from a theoretical point of view based on a model built from the Selective Filter (SF) of the open structure of the voltage-activated channel of the bacterium Magnetococcus marinus. This approach has allowed us to calculate the interaction energies of the system (cation-water-SF-fragment), both for the sodium cation and the potassium cation. The results have highlighted the importance of differential dehydration of cations, as well as the environment where it occurs. Semi-empirical and ab initio methods have been applied to analyze and quantify the interaction energies when the cations are in the SF of the sodium channel, with the DFT (ab initio) methods giving us the key to the distribution of the interaction energies and therefore how dehydration occurs.
Mass spectrometry coupling of chip-based supercritical fluid chromatography enabled by make-up flow-assisted backpressure regulation
Authors: Weise Chris , Fischer Johannes , Belder Detlev 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work introduces a novel microfluidic backpressure pressure control developed for chip-based supercritical fluid chromatography (chipSFC). The presented on-chip pressure control mechanism involves the post-column addition of a viscous make-up stream, which enables pressure regulation within the range of 73 to 130 bar range. In contrast to approaches using mechanical backpressure regulators, this chip-based make-up-assisted pressure regulation offers a wear-free alternative that functions entirely through fluidic means and contributes minimally to extra column volume. It prevents phase separation of the supercritical mobile phase and, therefore, expands the analytical scope of chipSFC to detection systems with an ambient pressure interface. This was demonstrated by a proof-of-principle experiment, where a model mixture was separated within 30 s and detected using atmospheric pressure ionisation mass spectrometry.
Graphical abstract
A case of severe anaphylactic reaction after administration of diagnostic-dose ferumoxytol in a pediatric patient
Authors: Ekladious Fam , Saul David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe describe a case of anaphylaxis during administration of intravenous (IV) ferumoxytol as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent in a 4-year-old patient with complicated past medical history including YARS genetic mutation with resultant liver failure and deceased donor liver transplantation, stage IV chronic kidney disease (CKD), and hypertension. The patient was noted to have labored breathing 4 min after initiation of ferumoxytol infusion and was subsequently rapidly intubated and returned to the intensive care unit (ICU) for monitoring. Anaphylactic reactions to therapeutic doses of ferumoxytol led to issuance of a black box warning by the FDA in 2015. Adverse reactions to lower-dose ferumoxytol used in diagnostic imaging, however, are rare and there has been a paucity of documented anaphylactic reactions in the literature.
Modeling the mid-piacenzian warm climate using the water isotope-enabled Community Earth System Model (iCESM1.2-ITPCAS)
Authors: Sun Yong , Ding Lin , Su Baohuang , Dowsett Harry , Wu Haibin , Hu Jun , Stepanek Christian , Xiong Zhongyu , Yuan Xiayu , Ramstein Gilles 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe mid-Piacenzian Warm Period (MPWP, ~ 3.264–3.025 Ma) is the most recent example of a persistently warmer climate in equilibrium with atmospheric CO2 concentrations similar to today. Towards studying patterns and dynamics of a warming climate the MPWP is often compared to today. Following the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) protocol we prepare a water isotope-enabled Community Earth System Model (iCESM1.2) simulation that is warmer and wetter than the PlioMIP2 multi-model ensemble (MME). While our simulation resembles PlioMIP2 MME in many aspects we find added insights. (1) Considerable warmth at high latitudes exceeds previous simulations. Polar amplification (PA) is comparable to proxies, enabled by iCESM1.2’s high climate sensitivity and a distinct method of ocean initialization. (2) Major driver of warmth is the downward component of clear-sky surface long-wave radiation ($$\varDelta T_{\text{rlds}\_\text{clearsky}}$$

Δ

T

rlds
_
clearsky

). (3) In iCESM1.2 modulated dominance of dynamic (δDY) processes causes different low-latitude (~ 30 S°–10°N) precipitation response than the PlioMIP2 MME, where thermodynamic processes (δTH) dominate. (4) Modulated local condensation leads to lower δ18Op across tropical Indian Ocean and surrounding Asian-African-Australian monsoon regions. (5) We find contrasting changes in tropical atmospheric circulations (Hadley and Walker cells). Anomalous regional meridional (zonal) circulation, forced by changes in tropical-subtropical (tropical) diabatic processes, presents a more comprehensive perspective than explaining weakened and expanded Hadley circulation (strengthened and westward-shifted Walker circulation) via static stability. (6) Enhanced Atlantic meridional overturning circulation owes to a closed Bering Strait.
Ferroptosis inhibitor improves outcome after early and delayed treatment in mild spinal cord injury
Authors: Ryan Fari , Blex Christian , Ngo The Dung , Kopp Marcel A. , Michalke Bernhard , Venkataramani Vivek , Curran Laura , Schwab Jan M. , Ruprecht Klemens , Otto Carolin , Jhelum Priya , Kroner Antje , David Samuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe show that redox active iron can induce a regulated form of non-apoptotic cell death and tissue damage called ferroptosis that can contribute to secondary damage and functional loss in the acute and chronic periods after spinal cord injury (SCI) in young, adult, female mice. Phagocytosis of red blood cells at sites of hemorrhage is the main source of iron derived from hemoglobin after SCI. Expression of hemeoxygenase-1 that induces release of iron from heme, is increased in spinal cord macrophages 7 days after injury. While iron is stored safely in ferritin in the injured spinal cord, it can, however, be released by NCOA4-mediated shuttling of ferritin to autophagosomes for degradation (ferritinophagy). This leads to the release of redox active iron that can cause free radical damage. Expression of NCOA4 is increased after SCI, mainly in macrophages. Increase in the ratio of redox active ferrous (Fe2+) to ferric iron (Fe3+) is also detected after SCI by capillary electrophoresis inductively coupled mass spectrometry. These changes are accompanied by other hallmarks of ferroptosis, i.e., deficiency in various elements of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) pathway. We also detect increases in enzymes that repair membrane lipids (ACSL4 and LPCAT3) and thus promote on-going ferroptosis. These changes are associated with increased levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), a toxic lipid peroxidation product. Mice with mild SCI (30 kdyne force) treated with the ferroptosis inhibitor (UAMC-3203-HCL) either early or delayed times after injury showed improvement in locomotor recovery and secondary damage. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples from human SCI cases show evidence of increased iron storage (ferritin), and other iron related molecules, and reduction in GSH. Collectively, these data suggest that ferroptosis contributes to secondary damage after SCI and highlights the possible use of ferroptosis inhibitors to treat SCI.
De novo variants in immune regulatory genes in Down syndrome regression disorder
Authors: Jafarpour Saba , Banerjee Abhik K. , Khoshnood Mellad M. , Vogel Benjamin N. , Boyd Natalie K. , Nguyen Lina , Partridge Rebecca , Santoro Stephanie L. , Gombolay Grace Y. , Fisher Kristen S. , de Asua Diego Real , del Ortega Maria Carmen , Franklin Cathy , Rafii Michael S. , Santoro Jonathan D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Down Syndrome Regression Disorder (DSRD) is a rare and poorly understood disorder of the central nervous system, characterized by acute or subacute neuropsychiatric symptoms in previously healthy individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Many patients exhibit immunotherapy-responsiveness, indicative of immune dysregulation as a potential underlying etiology. While hypotheses are emerging regarding the role of interferon signaling in DSRD and other autoimmune conditions associated with DS, it is unclear why a small subset of individuals with DS develop DSRD. The aim of this study was to investigate genes of immune regulation in persons with DSRD.

Methods
This study included individuals with DSRD aged 10–30 years with trio exome sequencing performed during the diagnostic work up. Descriptive statistics and univariate analysis (Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test) were used to describe and compare the characteristics of individuals with and without variants.

Results
Forty-one individuals with DSRD had trio exome sequencing results. Eight (20%) had heterozygous de novo variants of immune regulatory genes, with four variants being pathogenic or likely pathogenic (UNC13D, XIAP, RNASEH2A, and DNASE1L3). All genes harboring pathogenic variants were associated with interferon type-1 inflammatory response. Individuals harboring variants were more likely to have a preceding trigger (p = 0.03, 95% CI 1.21–97.06), rapid clinical decline in less than 1 month (p = 0.01, 95% CI 1.67–52.06), and MRI abnormalities (p < 0.001, 95% CI 4.89–527.71).

Discussion
A distinct subset of individuals with DSRD exhibited pathogenic variants in immune regulation genes associated with interferon-mediated inflammatory response, coinciding with previously established links between these genes and interferonopathies such as Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome. Our observations suggest that these variants might potentially contribute to the development of DSRD in individuals with DS.
Atypical lateralization of visuospatial attention can be associated with better or worse performance on line bisection
Authors: Villar-Rodríguez Esteban , Davydova Tatiana , Marin-Marin Lidón , Avila César 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe causal and statistical hypotheses diverge in determining whether the lateralization of language function in one cerebral hemisphere entails the lateralization of visuospatial function in the opposite hemisphere. Additionally, it remains unclear if the atypical segregation of these functions could influence cognitive performance. This study addresses these questions by examining the hemispheric lateralization of visuospatial attention during a line bisection judgement (landmark) task in three groups of healthy non-right-handed individuals with different language production segregations: left (typical), ambilateral (atypical), and right (atypical). Consistent with the causal hypothesis, results indicate that the groups with left and right language lateralization primarily utilize the opposite hemisphere for visuospatial attention. The ambilateral group, however, displays a pattern compatible with an independent segregation, supporting the statistical hypothesis. Behavioral analyses reveal that atypical lateralization of visuospatial attention (non-right) can lead to either better or worse performance during the landmark task, depending on the specific pattern. Bilateral organization is associated with reduced overall accuracy, whereas the left segregation results in improved performance during the most challenging trials. These findings suggest the existence of diverse pathways to lateralization, akin to either the causal or statistical hypothesis, which can result in cognitive advantages or disadvantages.
Global well-posedness of the 2D nonlinear Schrödinger equation with multiplicative spatial white noise on the full space
Authors: Debussche Arnaud , Liu Ruoyuan , Tzvetkov Nikolay , Visciglia Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with multiplicative spatial white noise and an arbitrary polynomial nonlinearity on the two-dimensional full space domain. We prove global well-posedness by using a gauge-transform introduced by Hairer and Labbé (Electron Commun Probab 20(43):11, 2015) and constructing the solution as a limit of solutions to a family of approximating equations. This paper extends a previous result by Debussche and Martin (Nonlinearity 32(4):1147–1174, 2019) with a sub-quadratic nonlinearity.
Restoration of posterior teeth by narrow diameter implants in hyperglycemic and normoglycemic patients – 4-year results of a case-control study
Authors: Diehl Daniel , Bespalov Angelina , Yildiz Mehmet Selim , Friedmann Anton 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the four-year clinical outcome and marginal bone loss around narrow-diameter implants in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and normo-glycemic individuals.

Materials and methods
In 11 T2DM patients with a concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) > 6.5% (test group) and 15 normoglycemic patients (HbA1C < 6.0%; control group), one narrow-diameter tissue level implant, placed in the posterior maxilla or mandible, was investigated. The clinical parameters probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), attachment loss (CAL), recession, and papilla bleeding index (PBI) were assessed manually after 24 and 48 months of function. The paired digital periapical radiographs were analyzed regarding the change in marginal bone level (MBL) from baseline to 48 months post-op. The technical complications were recorded.

Results
In the T2DM group, 11 patients were available for follow-ups. The overall implant survival rate after 48 months was 100%. The differences in means for the clinical parameters and the MBL between the T2DM and normo-glycemic patients for the observation period were statistically non-significant. No technical complications were recorded.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated an encouraging clinical outcome with ND implants in patients with uncontrolled T2DM compared to non-diabetics after 48 months’ post loading.

Clinical relevance
Patients with HbA1C > 6.5% may benefit from the treatment with narrow-diameter implants by avoiding complex surgical interventions with augmentation procedures.

Registration number (clinicaltrials.gov)
NCT04630691