bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of integrated pest management for powdery mildew (Unincula necator) control in a vineyard based on a combination of phenological, meteorological and aerobiological data
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ-GONZÁLEZ M. , RODRÍGUEZ-RAJO F. J. , ESCUREDO O. , AIRA M. J. 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYPowdery mildew is one of the most important vineyard diseases. Infection requires the interaction of a susceptible host (a vine in a phenological phase susceptible to the pathogen), a virulent pathogen (the fungusUncinula necator(Schw.) Burr) and an environment favourable for disease development (optimal meteorological conditions). The aim of the present study was the implementation of a system to predict powdery mildew infection periods in order to optimize and reduce the application of pesticide treatments in a vineyard. The study was conducted in a vineyard of the ‘Ribeiro’ Designation of Origin region located in north-western Spain from 2006 to 2011, during the Vitis vegetative period. The phenological study was conducted following the BBCH phenological scale and infection risk index (IRI) was calculated based on the maximum temperature. Aerobiological sampling was performed using a LANZONI VPPS-2000 volumetric trap. The results of the study show that the critical phenological stages for powdery mildew infection are 5 (inflorescence emergence), 6 (flowering) and 7 (development of fruit), as consequence of the high susceptibility of the vine. The IRI allows determination of the periods in which the meteorological conditions could facilitate fungal attacks during the aforementioned phenological phases. Finally, the aerobiological model helps to identify and predict the times of real infection risk among the possible periods described by the IRI with high accuracy, in order to avoid possible reappearance of infection symptoms in the vine. The combination of these three variables provides a valuable tool to establish an accurate, modern, integrated pest-management strategy in a vineyard.
Glomangiopericytoma (sinonasal-type haemangiopericytoma)
Authors: Oosthuizen J C , Kennedy S , Timon C 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground:Glomangiopericytoma is a rare sinonasal tumour of perivascular myoid phenotype, which accounts for less than 1 per cent of all sinonasal tumours.Objective:Discussion of the clinical presentation, histopathological features and advances in the management of sinonasal and skull base glomangiopericytoma.Case report:A 32-year-old woman presented with worsening nasal obstruction, anosmia, severe frontal headaches and right-sided proptosis. Radiographic and endoscopic examination revealed a right-sided, vascular mass involving the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and anterior skull base. Histopathological features were consistent with a glomangiopericytoma. Complete endoscopic resection with free margins was achieved.Conclusion:Glomangiopericytomas are rare, vascular, sinonasal tumours. Successful management depends on complete resection, traditionally achieved via an open approach. However, recent advances in endoscopic surgical approaches have enabled complete endoscopic resection of these tumours, minimising morbidity and facilitating subsequent surveillance of the operative site.
On arithmetic families of filtered -modules and crystalline representations
Authors: Hellmann Eugen 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe consider stacks of filtered$\varphi $-modules over rigid analytic spaces and adic spaces. We show that these modules parameterize$p$-adic Galois representations of the absolute Galois group of a$p$-adic field with varying coefficients over an open substack containing all classical points. Further, we study a period morphism (defined by Pappas and Rapoport) from a stack parameterizing integral data, and determine the image of this morphism.
Cluster multipoint study of the acceleration potential pattern and electrodynamics of an auroral surge and its associated horn arc
Authors: Marklund G. T. , Sadeghi S. , Li Bin , Amm O. , Cumnock J. A. , Zhang Y. , Nilsson H. , Masson A. , Karlsson T. , Lindqvist P.‐A. , Fazakerley A. , Lucek E. , Pickett J. 
Published: September 2012

Cluster results are presented from the acceleration region of an auroral surge and connected horn arc, observed during an extended time period of substorm activity. The Cluster spacecraft crossed different magnetic local time (MLT) sectors of the surge and horn, with lag times of 2–10 min. Acceleration potential patterns are derived for the horn arc and for the double arc (surge and horn) at the surge front and deeper into the surge. The parallel potential drop of the horn arc ranged between 4 and 7 kV. At the surge front, two weakly coupled U‐potentials with parallel potential drops of 8 (7) kV and 7 (5) kV were derived for the surge and horn, respectively, from the C3 (C4) data. A similar, more coupled pattern was derived for the region deeper into the surge. We also address how the field‐aligned currents of the surge and horn system close in the ionosphere. The Cluster data allow almost simultaneous estimates of the latitudinal current closure at various MLT sectors. Significant net upward currents are derived for the horn and surge, whereas the currents at the surge front were found to be balanced. The net upward horn current is proposed to be fed by the zonal divergence of the westward Pedersen current in the horn, consistent with the acceleration potential decrease in the westward horn direction. The net upward surge current is proposed to be fed by the divergence of a westward electrojet and by localized downward currents adjacent to the surge.
Uncertainty in the velocity between the mass center and surface of Earth
Authors: Argus Donald F. 
Published: September 2012

Using spectral analysis and data decimation, we estimate the uncertainty in the velocity between the cumulative mass center of Earth (CM) and geodetic sites on Earth's surface. Knowing this velocity is crucial for evaluating space geodetic observations of continental uplift and subsidence in terms of postglacial rebound and sea level rise. We find SLR observations of satellite LAGEOS to constrain the X and Y components of the velocity of CM to ±0.4 mm/yr and the Z component to ±0.9 mm/yr. (95% confidence limits, X is in the direction of 0°N 0°E, Y of 0°N 90°E, and Z of 90°N.) The uncertainty in Z is high, so that the estimate includes the independent inference made jointly using site velocities, the rigid plate hypothesis, and models of postglacial rebound that the true velocity of CM has a Z component of 0.5–1.0 mm/yr relative to that in ITRF2008. Uncertainty in scale rate, an intermediate parameter in the determination of an ITRF, is ±0.36 mm/yr for VLBI, ±0.52 mm/yr for SLR, and ±0.20 mm/yr for GPS. The scale of GPS depends on that of VLBI and SLR, but the low GPS uncertainty indicates that GPS results are, for the first time, unbiased by changing satellite Block types, evidently due to newly incorporated satellite phase center variations. GPS constrains the velocity of CM nearly as well as SLR, representing a technical advance given that a GPS satellite is not a sphere and responds strongly to solar radiation pressure.
Rates of temperature change of airless landscapes and implications for thermal stress weathering
Authors: Molaro Jamie , Byrne Shane 
Published: September 2012

Thermal stress weathering may play a role in the evolution of terrestrial‐planet landscapes, particularly those without atmospheres, by contributing to rock breakdown, regolith production, and crater degradation. Damage occurs in the form of microscopic cracks that result from a thermal cycle or thermal shock. Terrestrial studies typically evaluate the efficacy of this process by measuring the rate of surface temperature change (dT/dt), using a damage threshold of 2 K/min. While the extent of this damage is unknown, we investigate its relative efficacy by modeling rates of temperature change on various airless surfaces. The magnitude of dT/dt values is primarily controlled by sunrise/set durations on quickly rotating bodies, such as Vesta, and by distance to the sun on slowly rotating bodies, such as Mercury. The strongest temperature shocks are experienced by highly sloped east‐ or west‐facing surfaces. Hot thermal shocks (dT/dt > 0) tend to be stronger than cold shocks (dT/dt < 0), and on some bodies, daytime shadowing may produce higher dT/dt values than those caused by diurnal sunrise/set if the topography is optimally oriented. We find that high dT/dt values are not, however, always correlated with high temperature gradients within the rock. This adds to the ambiguity of the poorly understood damage threshold, warranting further research on the topic that goes beyond the simple 2 K/min criterion.
Using Standards-Based Instruction To Teach Language to Children Who Use AAC
Authors: Henneberry Solana , Kelso Jennifer , Soto Gloria 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Federal legislation has increasingly mandated that students with disabilities have access to the general education curriculum. The general education curriculum should be the primary content and context of the education and therapeutic intervention for students who use AAC. Special educators, including speech and language pathologists, need to encapsulate the essence of Common Core Content Standards and the general education curriculum to address the content and language needs of AAC users. The interconnection of curriculum content and language demands for the AAC user can be accomplished using readily available research based tools and strategies. We created a five-step process to help SLPs incorporate the general education curriculum into intervention to address language goals of AAC users: 1) assessment; 2) identifying grade level content standards from Common Core or state standards; 3) identifying the “essence” of the standard as it relates to language; 4) generating IEP goals; and 5) teaching language skills across curricular activities. We will provide examples of this process to address a general education standard and the language and curricular content goals for beginning communicators, context-dependent communicators and for students communicating independently. Collaboration between the SLP and educators by means of these steps supports student success across all curricular areas.
Dynamics of bone turnover markers in patients with heart failure and following haemodynamic improvement through ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Wu Christina , Kato Tomoko S. , Pronschinske Katherine , Qiu Sylvia , Naka Yoshifumi , Takayama Hiroo , Schulze‐Späte Ulrike , Cremers Serge , Shane Elizabeth , Mancini Donna , Schulze P. Christian 
Published: September 2012

AimsAbnormal bone metabolism and progressive demineralization have been described in patients with heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that mechanical unloading through implantation of a ventricular assist device (VAD) with subsequent haemodynamic improvement would correct abnormal bone metabolism in patients with advanced HF.Methods and resultsSerum was collected from 14 controls, 20 patients with moderate HF, 34 patients with advanced HF undergoing VAD implantation, and 34 patients at the time of VAD explantation (mean duration: 169 ± 125 days). Bone metabolism markers were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorption assay (ELISA) or chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Compared with controls, HF patients showed increased parathyroid hormone (PTH: 42 ± 19 vs. 117 ± 117 pg/mL in HF; P < 0.02) with decreased 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D: 29 ± 14 vs. 21 ± 11 ng/mL in HF; P = 0.05]. While procollagen‐1 N‐terminal peptide (P1NP) and osteocalcin were similar, cross‐linked C‐ and N‐telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX and NTX) were both higher in HF (NTX: 14 ± 6 vs. 20 ± 11 ng/mL; P < 0.05; CTX: 0.35 ± 0.13 vs. 1.05 ± 0.78 ng/mL; P < 0.01 for controls and HF, respectively). P1NP increased markedly after VAD implantation (49 ± 37 vs. 121 ± 62 ng/mL; P < 0.0001), with a mild decrease in CTX and NTX levels indicating a shift towards anabolic bone formation. Serum PTH correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = –0.245, P < 0.05).ConclusionPatients with advanced HF are characterized by increased levels of biochemical markers of bone resorption potentially as a result of secondary hyperparathyroidism and uncoupling of bone remodelling. Haemodynamic improvement and mechanical unloading after VAD implantation lead to correction of bone metabolism and increased levels of anabolic bone formation markers.
A Comprehensive Survey of Soft Wheat Grain Quality in U.S. Germplasm
Authors: Kiszonas Alecia M. , Fuerst E. Patrick , Morris Craig F. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) quality is dependent upon both genetic and environmental factors, which work in concert to produce specific grain, milling, flour, and baking characteristics. This study surveyed all of the 132 soft wheat varieties (cultivars and advanced breeding lines) grown in the U.S. regional nursery system, which encompassed the three main soft wheat producing regions of the United States (eastern and southern soft red winter and western soft white). The quality parameters included test weight, kernel hardness, weight, and diameter, wheat and flour protein, polyphenol oxidase, break flour yield, flour yield, flour ash, milling score, flour swelling volume, flour SDS sedimentation volume, solvent retention capacity (SRC) for water, sodium carbonate, sucrose, and lactic acid, Rapid Visco Analyzer peak pasting viscosity, and cookie diameter. High levels of variation were observed among varieties, regions, and specific environments, with environment being in general a much greater source of variation than varieties. Variety was observed to have a relatively stronger influence on wheat quality in the western nurseries, compared with the eastern and southern regions, where location effects had a stronger impact on overall wheat quality. The greater influence of variety was particularly notable for kernel hardness in the western nurseries. Kernel hardness also varied considerably as a result of environment. For the two soft red winter wheat nurseries, the western U.S. environment produced substantially harder kernels (37–40) compared with the same varieties grown in eastern U.S. locations (15–20). Intertrait quality relationships were observed to be unique to the specific nursery and germplasm in which they were studied, and these relationships were not consistent across nurseries. Nevertheless, on average, soft wheat quality was fairly similar across the United States, indicating that breeding and testing models have been successful in achieving a relatively uniform target for quality. However, many traits showed high levels of variability among varieties, suggesting that a greater level of selection for end‐use quality would benefit end users by increasing consistency and reducing variability. The often large role of environment (location) in quality indicates that end users must be assiduous in their origination and grain procurement. Clearly, “nursery mean” quality does not reflect the potential that can be obtained, as reflected by a few exceptional soft wheat varieties.
Results of clot waveform analysis and thrombin generation test for a plasma‐derived factor VIIa and X mixture (MC710) in haemophilia patients with inhibitors—phase I trial: 2nd report
Authors: Shirahata A. , Fukutake K. , Mimaya J. , Takamatsu J. , Shima M. , Hanabusa H. , Takedani H. , Takashima Y. , Matsushita T. , Tawa A. , Higasa S. , Takata N. , Sakai M. , Kawakami K. , Ohashi Y. , Saito H. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryWe reported the results of a clinical pharmacological study of MC710 (a mixture of plasma‐derived FVIIa and FX) in haemophilia patients with inhibitors during a non‐haemorrhagic state. This report provides the results of a clot waveform analysis (CWA) and thrombin generation test (TGT) using blood samples obtained in this study. CWA and TGT were conducted using blood samples obtained from a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study in which MC710 (five dose rates: 20, 40, 80, 100 and 120 μg kg−1) was compared with NovoSeven (120 μg kg−1) and FEIBA (two dose rates: 50 and 75 U kg−1) as control drugs in 11 haemophilia patients with inhibitors without haemorrhagic symptoms. CWA showed that MC710 provided significantly greater improvement than the control drugs in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) at 80 μg kg−1; maximum clot velocity and maximum clot acceleration were more enhanced by MC710 than by control drugs. TGT revealed that MC710 significantly shortened the initiation time of thrombin generation in comparison to FEIBA and induced greater thrombin generation potency than NovoSeven. It was not clear whether or not MC710 caused significant dose‐dependent changes in the two measurements; however, differences between MC710 and the control drugs were clarified. MC710 was confirmed to have superior coagulation activity and thrombin productivity and is expected to have superior bypassing activity.
Regression curves of brain metastases after gamma knife irradiation: Difference by tumor and patient characteristics
Authors: Kosaki Katsura , Shibamoto Yuta , Hirai Tatsuo , Hatano Manabu , Tomita Natsuo , Kobayashi Tatsuya , Mori Yoshimasa 
Published: September 2012

Regression curves and local control rates of brain metastases after gamma knife treatment were evaluated to investigate differences in tumor response to radiation. A total of 203 metastases were serially evaluated using contrast‐enhanced MRI (or computed tomography) at 1, 2, 3, 4.5 and 6 months after a 20‐Gy dose. Differences were evaluated in regression curves and control rates between tumors ≥10 mm and tumors <10 mm in mean diameter, among three major histological subtypes of lung cancer, among adenocarcinomas of the lung, breast and colorectum, and between tumors in patients with above and below median hemoglobin levels. Smaller tumors shrank faster and yielded better control rates than larger tumors. Metastases from small cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the lung shrank faster than those from lung adenocarcinoma, but 6‐month control rates were not different. Breast adenocarcinomas tended to shrink faster than lung adenocarcinomas, but the control rates were not different among adenocarcinomas of the lung, breast and colorectum. Tumors in patients with higher hemoglobin levels tended to shrink faster but the control rates were not different. Small cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the lung regress more rapidly than adenocarcinomas, although local control rates might not differ significantly.
Post‐glacial dispersal, rather than in situ glacial survival, best explains the disjunct distribution of the Lusitanian plant species Daboecia cantabrica (Ericaceae)
Authors: Beatty Gemma E. , Provan Jim 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimThe distribution of the Lusitanian flora and fauna, species which are found only in southern and western Ireland and in northern Spain and Portugal but which are absent from intervening countries, represents one of the classic conundrums of biogeography. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the distribution of the Lusitanian plant species Daboecia cantabrica was due to persistence in separate Irish and Iberian refugia, or has resulted from post‐glacial recolonization followed by subsequent extinction of intervening populations.LocationNorthern Spain and Co. Galway, western Ireland.MethodsPalaeodistribution modelling using Maxent was employed to identify putative refugial areas for D. cantabrica at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Phylogeographical analysis of samples from 64 locations in Ireland and Spain were carried out using a chloroplast marker (atpB–rbcL), the nuclear ITS region, and an anonymous nuclear single‐copy locus.ResultsThe palaeodistribution model indicated areas with a high probability of survival for D. cantabrica at the LGM off the western coast of Galicia in Spain, and in the Bay of Biscay. Spanish populations exhibited substantially higher genetic diversity than Irish populations at all three loci, as well as geographical structuring of haplotypes within Spain consistent with divergence in separate refugia. Spanish populations also exhibited far more endemic haplotypes. Divergence time between Irish and Spanish populations associated with the putative Biscay refugium was estimated as 3.333–32 ka.Main conclusionsOur data indicate persistence by D. cantabrica throughout the LGM in two separate southern refugia: one in western Galicia and one in the area off the coast of western France which now lies in the Bay of Biscay. Spain was recolonized from both refugia, whilst Ireland was most likely recolonized from the Biscay refugium. On the balance of evidence across the three marker types and the palaeodistribution modelling, our findings do not support the idea of in situ survival of D. cantabrica in Ireland, contrary to earlier suggestions. The fact that we cannot conclusively rule out the existence of a small, more northerly refugium, however, highlights the need for further analysis of Lusitanian plant species.
Conflict in medical teams: opportunity or danger?
Authors: Greer Lindred L , Saygi Ozum , Aaldering Hillie , de Dreu Carsten K W 
Published: September 2012

Medical Education 2012: 46: 935–942Objectives  Intragroup conflicts often occur when people are called upon to collaborate in the accomplishment of a task. For example, when surgeons and nurses work together during an operation, conflicts may emerge because of differences in functional understanding. Whether these conflicts are beneficial or detrimental to team outcomes has been the source of much debate. From one perspective, a conflict that stems from differences in members’ functional understanding may enhance team members’ understanding and performance of the task at hand. By contrast, such a conflict may cause hostility, emotionality and distraction from actual task accomplishment.Methods  This study reviews findings on the relationships between intragroup conflict and team outcomes, discusses potential conflict resolution strategies for intragroup conflicts and explores how these link to the field of medical education.Results  Three primary types of conflict have been distinguished, involving, respectively, task‐, process‐ and relationship‐associated conflict. Both process conflict, or conflict about the logistics of task accomplishment, and relationship conflict, or conflict about interpersonal incompatibilities, have been shown to detract from effective team functioning. Task conflict, or conflict about the content of the task itself, is also generally negative for team functioning, but under certain conditions its negative effects may be minimised. For example, when teams can clearly separate task issues from relationship issues, task conflicts are less destructive for team outcomes. However, achieving such a separation in practice, and thereby realising the benefits of task conflict, is quite difficult to achieve.Conclusions  Intragroup conflicts pose a challenge to effective team functioning. In the education of medical professionals, effective training in conflict management skills and their application to specific team conflict dynamics, such as with reference to how to resolve task as opposed to relationship conflict, is critical.