bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objective Measures of Spatial Effects in Spanish Concert Halls
Authors: Girón Sara , Zamarreño Teófilo , Bustamante Pedro 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The present work consists of a statistical study of the monaural (lateral-reflection fractions and level) and binaural acoustic parameters (inter-aural cross-correlation coefficients) that evaluate the amount of early and late lateral acoustic energy encountered in 9 performance halls in Andalusia (southern Spain). Hall volumes range between 6,163 m3 and 34,594 m3 and all enclosures are used for presentations of symphonic concerts and other music performances. The majority of these venues are located in provincial capitals of the community and often constitute the only premises in the city where symphonic concerts can be held. The acoustic parameters under study here were derived from impulse responses analyses using a sine-sweep signals which were generated and processed by WinMLS 2004 software in the octave- band frequency centred from 125 to 4 kHz, and all parameters were spectrally averaged according to the ISO 3382-1 standard. A comparison is presented of monaural experimental results as a function of source- receiver distance with the prediction of Barron’s revised theory for concert halls, and the analyses of the acoustic parameter results are carried out in terms of their respective just noticeable differences: at the many microphone positions for the two source positions on stage, for the spatial distribution of seats in the audience zone relative to the central axis (for left- and right-hand sides) of the rooms, and for the presence of the orchestra shell on stage. Results reveal that the orchestra shell propitiates a perceptible decrement in the values of the early lateral energy fraction and an increment in the late lateral level at the audience seats. In addition, a regression study reveals that the two kinds of measures of laterality, monaural and binaural, are correlated when the hall-average data is considered, but they remain uncorrelated when all individual positions are used. Likewise, the ranges of variation of the acoustic parameters found in these halls are narrower than those specified in the ISO 3382-1. The paper concludes with a discussion on the relationships of hall-average data of the five parameters with eight geometric and acoustic variables.
Pressure Level Standard Deviation at Low Frecuencies: Effect of the Wall Vibrational Field
Authors: Navacerrada María A. , Díaz Cesar , Pedrero Antonio 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Knowledge of the uncertainty of measurement of testing results is important when results have to be compared with limits and specifications. In the measurement of sound insulation following standards ISO 140-4 and 140-5 the uncertainty of the final magnitude is mainly associated to the average sound pressure levels L1 and L2 measured. However, the study of sound fields in enclosed spaces is very difficult: there are a wide variety of rooms with different sound fields depending on factors as volume, geometry and materials. A parameter what allows us to quantify the spatial variation of the sound pressure level is the standard deviation of the pressure levels measured at the different positions of the room. Based on the analysis of this parameter some results have been pointed out: we show examples on the influence of the microphone positions and the wall characteristics on the uncertainty of the final magnitudes mainly at the low frequencies regime. In this line, we propose a theoretical calculus of the standard deviation as a combined uncertainty of the standard deviation already proposed in the literature focused in the room geometry and the standard deviation associated to the wall vibrational field.
Combination Tones in the Model of Central Auditory Processing for Pitch Perception
Authors: Ziębakowski Tadeusz 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This work addresses the problem of difficulties in classical interpretation of combination tones as non- linear distortions. One of the basic problems of such an interpretation is to point out the sources of these distortions. Besides, these kinds of distortions have numerous “anomalies” which are difficult to explain on the grounds of physics or physiology. The aim of the model presented in this paper is to show that combination tones phenomenon can be explained as an effect of central mechanisms. Most of existing theories of pitch perception focus mainly on virtual pitch perception and do not take into account combination tones as an element of the same mechanism. The proposed model of central auditory processing for pitch perception allows one to interpret in a coherent way both virtual pitches and combination tones phenomena. This model is of a demonstrative nature and gives an introduction to more advanced model. It belongs to the class of spectral models and it will be shown that such a model can be in a simple way extended to spectral - time model which is partially consistent with autocorrelation models.
Natural Theology and the Qur'an
Authors: Morrison Robert G. 
Published: February 2013

While the Qur'an's doctrine of naskh means that the particulars of a revealed text were significant, the Qur'an's discussion of humans’ fiṭra and ḥunafāʾ (s. ḥanīf), along with its evocation of the wonders of creation as evidence of God's existence and power, meant that at least some of the Qur'an's message might not have to depend on a specific revealed text. Thus, the import of the Qur'an's references to order in nature has long been a question probed by commentators. This article will examine the responses of the mufassir and mutakallim al-Bayḍāwī (d. c. 1300) who wrote a tafsīr informed by kalām at a time when kalām texts, including al-Bayḍāwī’s, began to incorporate the approach and findings of falsafa and natural science. Al-Bayḍāwī’s comments on Q. 21:32 held that one could learn more about signs (āyāt) of God's greatness through physics and astronomy. Then, in his interpretation of Q. 2:164, al-Bayḍāwī referred to the technical terminology of astronomy in order to argue that while there was order in nature, astronomy could not, on its own, provide an explanation for the existing order, as opposed to another possible order. Al-Bayḍāwī navigated the tension between acknowledging Ashʿarī kalām's arguments that scientists’ conclusions were contingent and the Qur'an's insinuations that the human intellect could detect a meaningful order in nature.
Tourisme médical : quelle place pour les pays en développement ?
Authors: Menvielle Loick 
Published: February 2013

Le tourisme médical est vu comme une nouvelle tendance et n’est appréhendé que pour la chirurgie esthétique. Dans la réalité, le tourisme fait état de patients désireux de bénéficier de soins à l’étranger tout en obtenant une convalescence dans un environnement différent de leur quotidien. Plusieurs facteurs conduisent à l’adoption de ces offres : longueur des listes d’attente d’accès aux soins et prix constituent des variables influençant le comportement des patients. Cet article analyse l’impact du tourisme médical sur l’économie, les patients et les régions à l’origine de ces offres de services médicaux.
Terrorizing Terrorism: A Comparative Study of The Dynamiter and The Secret Agent
Authors: Berthiot Marine 
Published: February 2013

Les Stevenson et Conrad expérimentent avec le genre de la littérature terroriste en utilisant la polyphonie et l’ironie pour vider le terrorisme de son contenu : la terreur. Construits sur la figure de l’anamorphose, ces textes déplacent et explosent leur sujet principal, en créant des quiproquos comiques ou une écriture du désastre capables d’opposer au terrorisme des valeurs communautaires.
User-Centered Design of a Web Site for Library and Information Science Students: Heuristic Evaluation and Usability Testing
Authors: Manzari Laura , Trinidad-Christensen Jeremiah 
Published: February 2013

This study describes the life cycle of a library Web site created with a user-centered design process to serve a graduate school of library and information science (LIS). Findings based on a heuristic evaluation and usability study were applied in an iterative redesign of the site to better serve the needs of this special academic library population. Recommendations for design of Web-based services for library patrons from LIS programs are discussed, as well as implications for Web sites for special libraries within larger academic library settings.
Academic Web Site Design and Academic Templates: Where Does the Library Fit In?
Authors: Peterson Kate 
Published: February 2013

Academic Web site design continues to evolve as colleges and universities are under increasing pressure to create a Web site that is both hip and professional looking. Many colleges and universities are using templates to unify the look and feel of their Web sites. Where does the library Web site fit into a comprehensive campus design scheme? The library Web site is unique due to the wide range of services and content available. Based on a poster session presented at the Twelfth Annual Association of College and Research Libraries conference in Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 2005, this paper explores the prevalence of university-wide academic templates on library Web sites and discusses factors libraries should consider in the future.
Misinformation and Bias in Metadata Processing: Matching in Large Databases
Authors: Thornburg Gail , Oskins W. Michael 
Published: February 2013

This article discusses structural, systems, and other types of bias that arise in matching new records to large databases. The focus is databases for bibliographic utilities, but other related database concerns will be discussed. Problems of satisfying a “match” with sufficient flexibility and rigor in an environment of imperfect data are presented, and sources of unintentional variance are discussed.
Testing Information Literacy in Digital Environments: ETS's iSkills Assessment
Authors: Katz Irvin R. 
Published: February 2013

Despite coming of age with the Internet and other technology, many college students lack the information and communication technology (ICT) literacy skills necessary to navigate, evaluate, and use the overabundance of information available today. This paper describes the development and early administrations of ETS’s iSkills assessment, an Internet-based assessment of information literacy skills that arise in the context of technology. From the earliest stages to the present, the library community has been directly involved in the design, development, review, field trials, and administration to ensure the assessment and scores are valid, reliable, authentic, and useful.
Online Workplace Training in Libraries
Authors: Haley Connie K. 
Published: February 2013

This study was designed to explore and describe the relationships between preference for online training and traditional face-to-face training. Included were variables of race, gender, age, education, experience of library employees, training providers, training locations, and institutional professional development policies, etc. in the library context. The author used a bivariate test, KruskalWallis test and Mann-Whitney U test to examine the relationship between preference for online training and related variables.
Metaphor’s Role in the Information Behavior of Humans Interacting with Computers
Authors: Sease Robin 
Published: February 2013

Metaphors convey information, communicate abstractions, and help us understand new concepts. While the nascent field of information behavior (IB) has adopted common metaphors like “berry-picking” and “gap-bridging” for its models, the study of how people use metaphors is only now emerging in the subfield of human information organizing behavior (HIOB). Metaphors have been adopted in human–computer interaction (HCI) to facilitate the dialogue between user and system. Exploration of the literature on metaphors in the fields of linguistics and cognitive science as well as an examination of the history of use of metaphors in HCI as a case study of metaphor usage offers insight into the role of metaphor in human information behavior.
Editor’s note: This article is the winner of the LITA/Ex Libris Writing Award, 2008.
Dublin Core, DSpace, and a Brief Analysis of Three University Repositories
Authors: Kurtz Mary 
Published: February 2013

This paper provides an overview of Dublin Core (DC) and DSpace together with an examination of the institutional repositories of three public research universities. The universities all use DC and DSpace to create and manage their repositories. I drew a sampling of records from each repository and examined them for metadata quality using the criteria of completeness, accuracy, and consistency. I also examined the quality of records with reference to the methods of educating repository users. One repository used librarians to oversee the archiving process, while the other two employed two different strategies as part of the selfarchiving process. The librarian-overseen archive had the most complete and accurate records for DSpace entries.
Se différencier ou se conformer : enjeux de la recherche en sociologie sur les cultures juvéniles, enjeux des cultures juvéniles…
Authors: Aquatias Sylvain 
Published: February 2013

Depuis quelques années, les sociologues qui étudient les cultures juvéniles s’opposent : d’un côté, on décrit un ensemble tendant à s’homogénéiser par la puissance des normes adolescentes ou à s’hétérogénéiser du fait d’un d’éclectisme généralisé, de l’autre on réaffirme la force primordiale des socialisations familiales et scolaires et des effets de distinction des goûts culturels. Les résultats de la recherche présentée ici montrent que c’est dans l’action conjointe des situations familiales, des parcours scolaires et des réseaux amicaux que se créent des zones d’influence plus ou moins puissantes, déterminées en grande partie par la cohésion sociale des différentes instances en présence. Ainsi, la qualité des relations avec les parents, les modes de scolarisation, les filières et la cohésion interne des groupes classes sont d’importants facteurs d’explication d’une emprise plus ou moins durable sur les goûts adolescents. Conformité et distinction prennent sens dans ces configurations d’influences.
L’A-Fric de Jacques Fame Ndongo : une écriture de l’énigme et de l’abolition des genres
Authors: Abomo-Maurin Marie-Rose 
Published: February 2013

Le texte littéraire est la concrétisation matérielle d’un système qu’il réalise. La « Modernité » s’impose comme rupture esthétique et comme intégration de ce texte dans le présent. L’A-Fric de Jacques Fame Ndongo peut se lire comme une rupture par sa nouvelle composition. Il s’y ménage un glissement des éléments romanesques, obligeant les genres dits traditionnels à perdre structure et délinéament. Du récit encadrant au récit encadré, la narration joue sur le transfert des propriétés animales aux individus. C’est dans ce jeu permanent de transgression, de fusion et d’hybridité que L’A-Fric instaure sa modernité.
Georges Perec : grandeur et misère d’une signification abymée
Authors: Decout Maxime 
Published: February 2013

« 53 jours », le dernier roman de Perec, demeuré inachevé, propose d’interroger les rapports entre le réel et la fiction à travers une enquête policière sur des manuscrits et des récits mis en abyme. De la sorte, il brouille sans cesse les frontières entre la fiction et le monde, et indique comment le désir absolu de faire signifier le réel comme les récits risque de condamner le lecteur à l’erreur. La signification devient une puissance fascinante et ensorcelante que la mise en abyme renvoie dans le domaine de l’illusion. Le livre est ainsi hanté par l’idée du dévoilement, et fonde la lecture du monde sur des présupposés issus non de lui-même mais de la littérature. S’écrivant tout en désavouant la signification du réel et de la fiction, « 53 jours » affirme donc que la littérature doit avant tout être exigence de lucidité quant à ses pouvoirs et à ses limites. Un autre réalisme s’invente sous la plume de Perec, un « réalisme citationnel », qui combine le monde et les oeuvres : un réalisme qui sait que le réel est aussi une fiction, composée de tous les textes qui peuplent notre mémoire et orientent notre pensée.
Rangifer 1981 Vol. 1 (1): 1-56
Authors: Skjenneberg (ed.) Sven 
Published: February 2013

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;" lang="EN-GB">The first issue/volume of Rangifer was published in autumn 1981 and contained six articles, two of them in English. Besides the scientific contributions, the publication included information about the mandates of the Nordic Council for Reindeer Research (NOR) and Rangifer. The aims of the journal were to give reindeer researchers possibilities for "high speed" publishing and to create a link between the researchers and the management/reindeer husbandry advisors to the best of the reindeer industry. Therefore abstracts were provided in several languages.</span></p>
Forord ved redaktøren og innholdsliste
Authors: Skjenneberg Sven 
Published: February 2013

NORs arbeidsutvalg vedtok i møte i Helsingfors 25. februar 1981 at det første forskermøte i NORs regi skulle vies temaet ”Tap av rein”. Som sted for møtet ble valgt Hemavan i Sverige. Konferansen samlet 38 deltakere.Hovedhensikten med konferansen var:1. Få oversikt over tapenes omfang.2. Klarlegge status for den eksakte viten om tapsårsakene.3. Drøfte, eventuelt prioritere emner for fremtidige forskningsprosjekter innen temaet.
Biotelemetri - bättre fallrensdiagnoser?
Authors: Nordkvist Magnus 
Published: February 2013

Foredraget tar for seg flere undersøkelser om fallrein og går særskilt gjennom den som ble foretatt i Umbyn 1974 - 1980. Telemetri brukt for fra sommeren 1979. Erfaringen tilsier at "vi med denna söketeknik för in fallreinsdiagnostiken i ett nytt skede"
The occurrence and prevalence of potentially zoonotic enteropathogens in
Authors: Kemper Nicole , Aschfalk Ansgar , Höller Christiane 
Published: February 2013

The information about pathogens excreted by semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) that might represent a health risk to humans and animals is insufficient. The objectives of this study are to find the occurrence and prevalence of important potentially enteropathogenic, zoonotic bacteria and parasites in reindeer. Faecal samples from clinically healthy, semi-domesticated reindeer (n=2243) from northern regions of Finland and Norway were examined for important potentially enteropathogenic bacteria (Campylobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Yersinia spp.) and parasites (Cryptosporidium spp.) following standard procedures. Escherichia coli were isolated in 2123 (94.7%), Enterococcus spp. in 2084 (92.9%), Yersinia spp. in 108 (4.8%) samples and Campylobacter sp., identified as C. hyointestinalis, in one sample only (0.04%). Neither Salmonella spp. nor Cryptosporidium-oocysts were detected. This study clearly shows that E. coli and Enterococcus spp. belong to the normal intestinal flora of healthy reindeer. However, only few of the isolated E. coli-strains possess genes encoding stx1 (0.14%), stx2 (0%), eae (0.52%) and hlyEHEC (0.99%), detected by PCR, that have the ability to cause health problems in humans and also animals. The isolated Yersinia spp. were further analysed for virulence factors, but examinations revealed no pathogenic strains. The public health risk due to excretion of important enteropathogenic microorganisms from reindeer has to be considered very low at present but a putative epidemiological threat to human health might arise when herding conditions are changed towards intensification and crowding. This study was performed as part of the EU-project RENMAN (www.urova.fi/home/renman/). Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag: Det er mangelfull kunnskap om hvorvidt det i reinmøkk kan finnes mikroorganismer som kan representere en helserisiko for dyr og mennesker. Hensikten med denne studien var å undersøke forekomsten av mulige sykdomsfremkallende mikroorganismer i reinmøkk. Prøver av reinmøkk ble samlet fra 2243 klinisk friske tamrein i nordre deler av Finland og Norge. Prøvene ble undersøkt for bakteriene Campylobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Yersinia spp. og parasitten Cryptosporidium spp. ved bruk av standardiserte laboratoriemetoder. E. coli ble funnet i 2123 prøver (94,7%), Enterococcus spp. i 2084 prøver (92,9%) og Yersinia spp. i 108 prøver (4,8%). Campylobacter spp., identifisert som Campylobacter hyointestinalis, ble bare funnet i én prøve (0,04%). Salmonella spp. og Cryptosporidium spp. ble ikke påvist. Videre undersøkelser av E. coli viste at bare svært få (<1%) av isolatene hadde gener som kodet for mulige sykdomsfremkallende toksiner. Videre undersøkelser av Yersinia spp. viste at ingen av disse isolatene var sykdomsfremkallende. Studien viser at helserisikoen knyttet til de undersøkte mikroorganismene i reinmøkk må betraktes som svært liten.
The Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Experimental Colon Anastomosis After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Yildiz Ramazan , Can Mehmet Fatih , Yagci Gokhan , Ozgurtas Taner , Guden Metin , Gamsizkan Mehmet , Ozturk Erkan , Cetiner Sadettin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on colon anastomosis after chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Sixty female Wistar-Albino rats were divided into 5 groups and underwent left colon resection and end-to-end anastomosis. CRT simulation was performed on 2 sham groups before the anastomosis, and 1 of these groups was administered additional postoperative HBOT. Two groups were administered CRT before the anastomosis, and 1 of them received additional postoperative HBOT. On postoperative day 5, all groups underwent relaparotomy; burst pressure was measured and samples were obtained for histopathologic and biochemical analysis. There was a significant weight loss in the CRT groups and postoperative HBOT had an improving effect. Significantly decreased burst pressure values increased up to the levels of the controls after HBOT. Hydroxyproline levels were elevated in all groups compared to the control group. Hydroxyproline levels decreased with HBOT after CRT. No significant difference was observed between the groups regarding fibrosis formation at the anastomosis site. However, regression was observed in fibrosis in the group receiving HBOT after CRT. Preoperative CRT affected anastomosis and wound healing unfavorably. These unfavorable effects were alleviated by postoperative HBOT. HBOT improved the mechanical and biochemical parameters of colon anastomosis in rats.
Needleless Closed System Does Not Reduce Central Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ishizuka Mitsuru , Nagata Hitoshi , Takagi Kazutoshi , Kubota Keiichi 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The needleless closed system (NCS) has been disseminated in several clinical fields to prevent central venous catheter–related bloodstream infection (CVC-RBSI), in place of the conventional Luer cap system (LCS). The purpose of this study is to examine whether NCS is really superior to conventional LCS for prevention of CVC-RBSI. Between May 2002 and December 2008, 1767 patients received CVC in our department. The time interval from insertion to development of CVC-RBSI was compared retrospectively between selected patients who were treated using the conventional LCS (group 1, n = 89, before June 2006) and the NCS (group 2, n = 406, June 2006 and after). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no significant difference in the time interval from insertion to development of CVC-RBSI between the two groups. NCS does not reduce CVC-RBSI in adult colorectal cancer patients who undergo CVC insertion.