bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oscillatory Screening Effects on Elastic Collisions in Dense Electron-Ion Quantum Plasmas
Authors: Koo Yo-Han , Jung Young-Dae 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The oscillatory screening effects on elastic electron-ion collisions are investigated in dense quantum plasmas. The eikonal method with the modified Debye-Hückel potential is employed to obtain the scattering phase shift and scattering amplitude. In addition, the total elastic collision cross section is obtained by the optical theorem with the forward scattering amplitude in quantum plasmas. It is shown that the modified Debye-Hückel screening in quantum plasmas produces the oscillatory behaviour of the scattering phase shift. In addition, the minimum position of the phase shift is receded from the target ion with decreasing the quantum wave number. It is also found that the oscillatory screening effect suppresses the differential cross section. The total cross section is also found to be decreased due to the oscillatory screening effect. In addition, it is shown that the total cross section decreases with an increase of the quantum wave number
Electrocapillary Curves for the Hg/Ionic Liquid Interface
Authors: Lewandowski Andrzej , Majkowski Tomasz , Galinski Maciej 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Electrocapillary curves (surface tension γ as a function of the electrode potential E) for a series of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) were measured using a mercury dropping electrode with the drop-weight (drop-volume) technique. The curves γ = f (E) for the Hg/RTIL interface have one maximum and may be approximated with a polynomial of sixth-order. There are no ‘humps’ in the curves. The interfacial tension of the Hg/RTIL system changes with potential E in a monotonic way. The second derivative of γ = f (E) leads to a polynomial of fourth order, indicating the capacitance of the Hg/RTIL interface. The potential of zero charge is within a relatively narrow range. The specific capacitance at the minimum is of the order 10 μF/cm2
Preparation of Some Novel Copper(I) Complexes and their Molar Conductances in Organic Solvents
Authors: Gill Dip Singh , Rana Dilbag 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Attempts have been made to prepare some novel copper(I) nitrate, sulfate, and perchlorate complexes. Molar conductances of these complexes have been measured in organic solvents like acetonitrile (AN), acetone (AC), methanol (MeOH), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,Ndimethylacetamide (DMA), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at 298 K. The molar conductance data have been analyzed to obtain limiting molar conductances (λ0) and ion association constants (KA) of the electrolytes. The results showed that all these complexes are strong electrolytes in all organic solvents. The limiting ionic molar conductances (λo

±
) for various ions have been calculated using Bu4NBPh4 as reference electrolyte. The actual radii for copper(I) complex ions are very large and different in different solvents and indicate some solvation effects in each solvent system
Darboux Transformation and Symbolic Computation on Multi-Soliton and Periodic Solutions for Multi-Component Nonlinear Schr¨odinger Equations in an Isotropic Medium
Authors: Zhang Hai-Qiang , Xu Tao , Li Juan , Li Li-Li , Zhang Cheng , Tian Bo 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The Darboux transformation is applied to a multi-component nonlinear Schr¨odinger system, which governs the propagation of polarized optical waves in an isotropic medium. Based on the Lax pair associated with this integrable system, the formula for the n-times iterative Darboux transformation is constructed in the form of block matrices. The purely algebraic iterative algorithm is carried out via symbolic computation, and two different kinds of solutions of practical interest, i. e., bright multi-soliton solutions and periodic solutions, are also presented according to the zero and nonzero backgrounds.
Time Evolution of Folded (2+1)-Dimensional Solitary Waves
Authors: Ma Song-Hua , Lu Yi-Pin , Fang Jian-Ping , Lv Zhi-Jie 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
With an extended mapping approach and a linear variable separation approach, a series of solutions (including theWeierstrass elliptic function solutions, solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and rational function solutions) of the (2+1)-dimensional modified dispersive water-wave system (MDWW) is derived. Based on the derived solutions and using some multi-valued functions, we find a few new folded solitary wave excitations.
Nonlinear Models for Relativity Effects in Electromagnetism
Authors: Devasia Santosh 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Experimental energy measurements tend to be smaller than the predicted values in (i) the absorption of high-energy particles (in cloud chambers) and (ii) the average energy determination of the classical β -ray spectrum of radium E (using magnetic fields). To address these differences in energy measurements, we reconsider relative-velocity-dependent models in electromagnetism proposed initially by Weber before data from cathode-ray-tube (CRT) experiments was available. It is shown that identifying the nonlinear, relative-velocity terms using CRT data results in a model, which (i) captures relativity effects in optics and high-energy particles, and (ii) explains the apparent discrepancies in experimental energy measurements.
Kelvin-Helmholtz and Rayleigh-Taylor Instability of Two Superimposed Magnetized Fluids with Suspended Dust Particles
Authors: Prajapati Ramprasad , Das Soni  , Sanghvi Raj Kamal , Chhajlani Rajendra Kumar 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The effect of a magnetic field and suspended dust particles on both the Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) and the Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability of two superimposed streaming magnetized plasmas is investigated. The magnetized fluids are assumed to be incompressible and flowing on top of each other. The usual magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations are considered with suspended dust particles. The basic equations of the problem are linearized and the dispersion relation is obtained using normal mode analysis by applying the appropriate boundary conditions. The general dispersion relation is found to be modified due to the presence of the suspended dust particles and of the magnetic field. The effect of the magnetic field appears in the dispersion relation if three-dimensional perturbations of the system are considered. The general conditions of the K-H instability as well as the R-T instability are derived for the considered medium. The stability of the system for both cases is discussed by applying the Routh-Hurwitz criterion. Numerical analysis is performed to show the effect of various parameters on the growth rates of the K-H and R-T instabilities. Three different cases of the present configurations are considered and the conditions of instability are obtained. It is found that the conditions for the K-H and R-T instabilities depend on the magnetic field, on the suspended dust particles and on the relaxation frequency of the particles. The magnetic field and particle density have stabilizing influence, while the density difference between the fluids has a destabilizing influence on the growth rate of the K-H and R-T configurations.
Multivariate Analysis for Chemistry-Property Relationships in Molten Salts
Authors: Suh Changwon , Gadzuric Slobodan , Gaune-Escard Marcelle , Rajan Krishna 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We systematically analyze the molten salt database of Janz to gain a better understanding of the relationship between molten salts and their properties. Due to the multivariate nature of the database, the intercorrelations amongst the molten salts and their properties are often hidden and defining them is challenging. Using principal component analysis (PCA), a data dimensionality reduction technique, we have effectively identified chemistry-property relationships. From the various patterns in the PCA maps, it has been demonstrated that information extracted with PCA not only contains chemistryproperty relationships of molten salts, but also allows us to understand bonding characteristics and mechanisms of transport and melting, which are difficult to otherwise detect.
Nanoparticulate Dye-Semiconductor Hybrid Materials Formed by Electrochemical Self-Assembly as Electrodes in Photoelectrochemical Cells
Authors: Nonomura Kazuteru , Loewenstein Thomas , Michaelis Esther , Kunze Peter , Schiek Manuela , Reemts Jens , Yoshie Iwaya Mirian , Wark Michael , Rathousky Jiri , Al-Shamery Katharina , Kittel Achim , Parisi Jürgen , Wöhrle Dieter , Yoshida Tsukasa , Schlettwein Derck 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Dye-sensitized zinc oxide thin films were prepared, characterized and optimized for applications as photoelectrochemically active electrodes. Conditions were established under which crystalline thin films of ZnO with a porous texture were formed by electrochemically induced crystallization controlled by structure-directing agents (SDA). Dye molecules were adsorbed either directly as SDA during this preparation step or, preferably, following desorption of a SDA. The external quantum efficiency (IPCE) could thereby be increased significantly. Particular emphasis was laid on dye molecules that absorb in the red part of the visible spectrum. Model experiments under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions with dye molecules adsorbed on defined crystal planes of single crystals aimed at a deeper understanding of the coupling of the chromophore electronic π-system within molecular aggregates and to the semiconductor surface. Detailed photoelectrochemical kinetic measurements were used to characterize and optimize the electrochemically prepared dye-sensitized ZnO films. Parallel electrical characterization in vacuum served to distinguish between contributions of charge transport within the ZnO semiconductor matrix and the ions of the electrolyte in the pore system of the electrode.
A proof-theoretic semantics for contextual domain restriction
Authors: Francez Nissim 
Published: February 2015

The paper presents a proof-theoretic semantics account of contextual domain restriction for quantified sentences in a fragment of English. First, the technique is exemplified in the more familiar first-order logic, and in its restricted quantification variant. Then, a proof-theoretic semantics for the NL fragment is reviewed, and extended to handling contextual domain restriction. The paper addresses both the descriptive facet of the problem, deriving meaning relative to a context, as well as the fundamental aspect, defining explicitly a context (suitable for quantifier domain restriction), and specifying what it is about such a context that brings about the variation of meaning due to it.The paper argues for the following principle: The context incorporation principle (CIP): For every quantified sentence S depending on a context c, there exists a sentence S', the meaning of which is independent of c, s.t. the contextually restricted meaning of S is equal to the meaning of S'. Thus, the effect of a context can always be *internalized*. The current model-theoretic accounts of contextual domain restriction do not satisfy CIP, in that they imply intersection of some extension with an *arbitrary* subset of the domain, that need not be the denotation of any NL-expression.
Lumbosacral pain caused by blockage of dynamic vertebrogenic segments of thoracolumbar transition
Authors: Čebić Sead , Pecar Džemal , Pecar Muris , Šivić Suvad 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: In the case of the Thoraco-lumbar Junction Syndrome the pain is located in the region of the lumbo-sacral junction. Sudden torsion movements and lifting of objects while the spine is in position of torsion is the cause in most cases. In those cases, a blockade on the Th11-Th12-L1 vertebrae occurs. The aim of this research was to determine the number of patients with the Low Back Pain whose origin is in the thoracic vertebral dynamic segments, in relation to the total number of patients according to gender, age and profession.Methods: In this retrospective, descrtiptive study we have analyzed patients treated for Lumbosacral syndrome of thoracic origin in private specialist ambulant “Cebic” in Zavidovici during one year period. We analyzed data from patients medical records and history.Results: Total of 1882 patients were treated for the Low Back Pain, of which 67 (3.56%) had an origin of the pain in the Thoraco-lumbar Junction. In the analyzed group, there were 49 (73.1%) man and 18 (26.8%) women. The largest number of males, 21 (42.8%), were between 40-49 years old, while the largest number of woman, 9 (50%), was 20 to 29 years old. Largest number of male patients, 35 (71.8%), were physical workers, while most of the female subjects, 7 (38.8%), were of ce workers.Conclusions: Our research concludes that the number of patients with Low Back Pain of the thoracic origin (3.56%) is not disregarded, but these facts are usually overlooked. Therapy for those kinds of patients is in most cases concentrated to the lower segments of the lumbar spine, which gives unsatisfactory therapeutic results.
Breakthroughs: The Top 10 Oilfield Technologies of All Time
Authors: Jacobs Steve 
Published: February 2015

Guest editorial
The petroleum industry has a long record of achievement in developing technologies that have made a significant difference—breakthrough technologies. Over the course of the past 30 years I have been fortunate enough to have had the opportunity to evaluate a wide range of oilfield technologies to assess their technical merit and determine their marketability. While many of these technologies represent respectable contributions to our industry, only a few have truly made a significant difference in the exploration for oil and gas around the world. A good measure of the impact of any technology is to ask the question, “What would our industry be like without a particular technology?” The answer to this question makes it possible to separate “important” technologies from those that can be considered “breakthrough.”
In an effort to determine the “top 10 oilfield technologies of all time,” the Petroleum Equipment Suppliers Association (PESA) asked me to conduct an informal survey to develop an initial list. Respondents included a small number of operators, technology providers, analysts, investors, editors, and other individuals in our industry whose opinions I value. Needless to say there were a range of opinions from various experts, with no real consensus found past two or three technologies that undeniably deserve to be on the list. PESA further studied and tweaked the list and then published it in a book created to commemorate the association’s 75th anniversary. In a separate effort, these top 10 technologies were presented and discussed during a session at the 2009 Offshore Europe conference in Aberdeen, where the audience provided their opinions on the list using voting pads.
Every time I look at this list I think of one or two other technologies that deserve consideration. But that is the fun of compiling such a list—discussing and arguing which “players” should make such an all-star, all-time “team.” Should you disagree with the technologies on this list I would like to hear your opinions (sjacobs@rmi-houston.com). So here is the top 10 oilfield technologies list of all time, in no particular order:
1. Wireline—Where would we be without this technology? The contribution that Conrad and Marcel Schlumberger (and others) have made to our industry is inarguable when it comes to formation evaluation.
2. Logging while drilling (LWD)—Introduced in 1978, this technology revolutionized drilling, and allowed the industry to drill well profiles previously unimaginable. With the addition of formation-evaluation LWD, rotary-steerable systems, and extended-reach drilling, this technology easily earns its place on the list.
3. Computers—While not invented by our industry, without computers the current value obtained from the other nine technologies on the list would be impossible. Computers personify the description of an “enabling technology.”
Congo FDPSO An Industry First
Authors: Moon Ted 
Published: February 2015

Off the coast of the Republic of Congo and at water depths of 1400 m (4,600 ft), the Azurite field began production in August from a unique facility, the industry’s first floating pro-duction, storage, and offloading vessel with drilling capacity (FDPSO). Touted as a cost-efficient solution for drilling and producing deepwater fields, the Azurite FDPSO allows vessel owner Prosafe Production and operator Murphy Oil bragging rights for developing an installation that many in the industry had seen as economically unsustainable.
The unit is equipped to process 60,000 BFPD and 40,000 BOPD and store approximately 1.3 million bbls of crude at full production, in a manner similar to a traditional floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessel. However, it is also able to drill wells without the need for other drill-ing vessels such as mobile offshore drilling units or jackup rigs. While the concept of an FDPSO has been known for decades, the launch of the Azurite marks the first time that the concept has become a reality.
Making this possible required a concerted team effort between Prosafe, Murphy, their various engineering and equipment providers, and classification provider Det Norske Veritas (DNV).
Field Development Evolves
The Azurite field, which is located in the Mer Profonde Sud block approximately 150 km off the coast, was discovered in 2005 and marks Murphy Oil’s first operated development in west Africa. Murphy was keenly aware of the need to choose a production option that would maximize recovery of the field’s estimated 70 to 75 million BOE recoverable reserves while also keeping costs to a minimum.
The initial development plan called for the subsea infrastructure to link to an FPSO, a scenario that had been successful in the region and at similar water depths. Murphy submitted a bid package in June 2006 to vessel providers for the conversion and delivery of an FPSO, at this point without any provision for a drilling component tied to it.
However, even at this stage Murphy was considering the feasibility of adding a drilling package to an FPSO—driven primarily by the expensive market for drilling rigs. “We were trying to figure out the best development scenario given our reserves position,” said Ken Hampshire, Azurite field development manager for Murphy Oil. “Other development scenarios, including spars and tension-leg platforms, required a great deal of drilling capacity that had to be brought in independently of the production facility.
“Even the FPSO option did not solve our drilling-management challenges, and at the time rig rates were extremely high,” Hampshire said, quoting daily rig rates of USD 500,000 and higher. “If you add all other costs associated with securing a rig capable of performing subsea drilling and completions in 5,000 ft of water, you’re faced with costs in the range of USD 750,000–800,000 per day.”
Systematic Study of Alkaline/Surfactant/Gas Injection for EOR
Authors: Denney Dennis 
Published: February 2015

This article, written by Senior Technology Editor Dennis Denney, contains highlights of paper SPE 124752, ’A Systematic Study of Alkaline/Surfactant/ Gas Injection as an EOR Technique,’ by Mayank Srivastava, SPE, Jieyuan Zhang, SPE, Quoc P. Nguyen, SPE, and Gary A. Pope, SPE, University of Texas at Austin, prepared for the 2009 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, 4-7 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Alkaline/surfactant/polymer (ASP) flooding is a popular enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) method. However, foam can be an alternative to polymer for improving displacement efficiency. The use of foam as a mobility-control agent by coinjection or alternating injection of gas and chemical slugs is termed here an alkaline/surfactant/gas (ASG) process. Foam reduces the relative permeability of the injected chemical slug that forms a microemulsion at ultralow oil/water interfacial tension (IFT) and generates sufficient viscous pressure gradient to drive the foamed chemical slug.
Introduction
In the ASP process, polymer provides mobility control during ASP slug and polymer-drive injection. However, the use of polymer has disadvantages.
High-molecular-weight polymers can plug rocks with very low permeability.
Many of the commercially available EOR polymers can be unstable at high temperature.
Some polymers can degrade mechanically from high shear stress through chokes or perforations at high flow rate.
One potential alternative to polymer is foam, which can provide mobility control in chemical-EOR processes. Liquid saturation is reduced with increased gas saturation and trapped gas in the foam, resulting in lower liquid relative permeabilities. In foam, gas bubbles are trapped in thin films of fluid called lamellae. The surface tension on the individual lamella, as well as the drag force on it as it slides along the pore walls, causes it to resist movement out of the pore throats. This resistance to movement, when combined with relative permeability reduction of the displacing fluid, results in a favorable mobility ratio and improved displacement efficiency.
In ASG flooding, as in conventional chemical flooding, the mechanism of residual-oil mobilization is IFT reduction. One of the main criteria for the success of the ASG process is the formation of stable foam with adequate mobility-reduction characteristics. The full-length paper details the results of experimental work studying the ASG process to evaluate its potential as a feasible EOR technique.