bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing a High Resolution Chemical Surveillance Network in a Deepwater Field Off NW Borneo, East Malaysia
Authors: Armstrong Aleks , Hayon Serge , Crowder Scott , Buma Nathanael , Bohari Nur Hidayah , Hayes Tony , Faevelen Erlend , Ataei Abdolrahim 
Published: February 2015

Due to the relative infancy of chemical tracer surveillance, field applications to date have focused on either pilot wells within a sector of the field or at a well or interval level, providing limited qualitative resolution of production performance. The Siakap North - Petai field is intended to be the first field developed employing full chemical tracer coverage across each producing well. This has been made possible through the co-ordinated efforts between service providers and the operator. A total of 40 oil marking and 40 water marking tracers, will be installed in 8 production wells, with resolution varying from 3 Screen joints per (Oil + Water) tracer up to 1 screen joint per (Oil + Water) tracer, depending upon the lithology and therefore level of feedback deemed necessary to help profile production performance within the well.
Siakap North - Petai field will be a deepwater subsea tieback to the existing Kikeh FPSO approximately 15km away. Phase 1 development will comprise 8 production and 5 injection wells. As a result, conventional intervention and surveillance techniques will be cost prohibitive. Each production well will commingle oil from two reservoir intervals with differing lithologies (a mixture of laminated thin-beds and amalgamated thick bedded sections). A means of determining flow contribution along the completed interval will help characterise the complex architecture of the field, aid in reservoir management and identify future infill or workover opportunities.
This paper will focus on the system design, quality control and application of the chemical tracer network from conception through to field installation. A follow-up paper focusing on sampling and production based observations will be published at a later date, once sufficient production data has been gathered.
Cleaned Out a Mile of Formation Sands in a Highly Deviated Wellbore with a New Coiled Tubing Real Time Downhole Measurement System
Authors: Rahimov Khalid , Smith Simon 
Published: February 2015

Azeri-Chirag-Gunashli basin is a large complex of oil fields in the Azerbaijan sector of Caspian Sea. Hydrocarbon deposits in ACG are mostly located in Sandstone reservoir thus formation sand invasion into the well encountered throughout the world at this type of the formation, is common issues experienced in the field. A-09Z oil producer well finished with open hole screen completion had screen failure issue which resulted large amount of sand filling up the wellbore. The operator requested to clean the sand out of the well along horizontal section and isolate the existing production zone by setting the bridge plug to further perforate an interval above.
This paper describes the use of an integrated sand cleanout system to remove the formation sands out of this challenge well. The well was drilled to near horizontal with a large completion size and long tangential section around 60°. A hydraulically actuated, switchable circulation sub was used with a real time downhole measurement system. While running into the well, forward jets of the sub help break down debris. While pulling out of the well, the tool is switched to a low resistance, backward jetting mode, which sweeps debris more efficiently using higher flow rates. The real time downhole measurement with a robust conductor inside CT is used to verify the switchable circulation sub to be operated correctly. A sand monitor was used in the surface return line to continuously monitor the returned sand flux. The integrated cleanout system helps reduce the overall operation costs by making the job more efficient in terms of equipment usage and operation time.
Flexible Sandwich Cryogenic Pipeline
Authors: Albarody Thar M. Badri , Bt Mustaffa Zahiraniza 
Published: February 2015

A Flexible Lightweight Composite Pipe Design for High-Tension Installation by S-Laying

1. Significance of Subject Matter
The present research proposes generally a noncorrosive, high-tension and flexible composite pipe and the design formulations of such a pipe. The pipe is comprising an internal thermoplastic liner play as a fluid-tight internal cover, one or more helical wounding layers applied to the internal liner for absorbing pressure loads, and one or more additional helical wounding layers applied for absorbing axial and bending loads. All the layers are manufactured from a lightweight composite material consisting of epoxied matrix reinforced by long continuous fibers.

2. Application
The pipe is design to fit the S-laying installation to be used in particular, although not exclusive, as utility in offshore (e.g., continental shelf) or onshore for the transportation of petroleum oil and gas or other fluids.

3. Description of Material/Methodology
Although composite pipes have a high axial and bending stiffness and are constructed with a solid pipe wall which withstand all design loads, pipes of composite materials are not yet used for offshore applications, but are under development. However, these pipes are based on bonded composite technology, which results in a pipe which has high strength, but also high stiffness. Therefore, a theoretical model based on laminated composite shell theories involving a mathematical treatment for laminations scheme will draw. As well as, an optimizations study on these schemes will introduce.

4. Results, Observations and Conclusions
In this paper, the proposed model shall use to examine the reliability of offshore flexible pipeline. Several types of composite materials and scheme will examine to fit the operational aspects of the proposed pipe. Results would optimize toward having best design parameter such as wall and lamina thickness, laminations scheme, and fiber orientation.
Requalification of Offshore Jacket Structures in Malaysian Waters
Authors: Ayob M.S. , Mukherjee K. , Kajuputra A.E. , Wong B.S. , Salleh F.M. 
Published: February 2015

Currently there are more than 200 existing offshore structures in Malaysian waters. These structures were designed for life of 25 years however majority of these structures had exceeded this design life. Throughout the operating life these structures had been subjected to modification/extension of structural serviceability to accommodate additional weight and damage associated with South China Sea tropical storms & seasonal monsoons and deteriorations of the structure materials due to aging. This had pointed that some of these structures may not meet today requirements for integrity & reliability.
In order to ensure the safety of these structures are continuously intact there is a need for reassessment on the ability of these older structures to perform original function and accommodate new requirement as per corporate expectation. A sophisticated and rational requalification procedure has been established to ensure the safety is maintained for life extension.
The present paper will focus on the established reassessment procedures incorporating the Structural Integrity Management (SIM) processes. The issues with regards to acceptance criteria will be elaborated and methods in performing the assessment activities are addressed in stepwise manner. The paper will also highlight several issues inherited in the adopted processes and provide some new developments to support the process in addressing the constraint faced.
The adoption of the established approach has enabled the requalification of these existing structures satisfies structural integrity compliance and has resulted in: No costly strengthening, No costly underwater inspection, No de-rating of facility, No prevention of further/future upgrading, Extension of Platform life for continuous production/operation.
Minimising the Uncertainty in Laminated Shaly Sand Evaluation Using MCI-NMR-OMRI Technologies: A Case Study in Offshore Terengganu, Malay Basin
Authors: Kyi Ko Ko , Jin Wang Arthur Goh , Quirein John , Najm Ehab , Roy Dipanka , Lee Chung Yee 
Published: February 2015

Micro and macroscopic-anisotropic reservoir characterization has, recently, been performed using two main approaches:applying the Thomas-Stieber technique on uniaxial resistivity orapplying the tensor model technique using multicomponent induction measurements.
The output from either technique is the sand resistivity, RSand, and sand volume, VSand, with accurate water saturation, Sw, as a result of overcoming the effect of laminated shale on the resistivity measurement, which eventually will translate into enhanced hydrocarbon recovery and optimized reservoir development. Some of the key challenges in both techniques are the proper understanding of the total porosity and volume and the distribution of shale in the reservoir in terms of laminated and dispersed forms, which, if in error, will drastically increase the uncertainty of processing results. Additionally, the dependence of fluid density on the saturation and the dependence of the saturation and cementation exponents, m and n, on the total porosity, as well as the silty nature of the sand, all contribute to the complexity. Oil mud resistivity imager and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logs, as well as elemental analysis (if available), were used to confirm the lamination nature of the shale in the reservoir, minimizing uncertainty on total porosity estimation and clay bound water (CBW) calculation. They were also used to help account for the presence of silt-sized sand. This paper provides a complete rock model and a comprehensive workflow that takes into account all of the necessary stages required to estimate water saturation in a thinly bedded sand-shale sequence, where both laminated and dispersed shale types can exist. Also, the paper presents a simple sensitivity analysis performed to understand the uncertainty on the processing parameters and estimated volumetrics on the results when using different techniques compared to the proposed technique in this study. Data used in this paper are from a well drilled in the Malay basin, offshore Malaysia.
Innovative Repair Solutions for Pipeline and Riser
Authors: BinMohd Ali Napiah Mohd Nazmi , Ling Koi Swee 
Published: February 2015

PETRONAS is currently operating more than 10,000 km of offshore and onshore pipeline system. More than 60% of the pipelines are ageing as they have been operated for more than 25 years and require integrity assessment and life extension to sustain the future design life as well to accommodate increase in oil and gas production.
The life extension will require repair and rehabilitation as one of the important activities in order to sustain the extended service life and to meet the regulatory requirements.
PETRONAS has developed an innovative composite repair solution for repairing and rehabilitating offshore and onshore pipeline, riser and piping. It is a permanent repair solution for external / internal corrosion damages, strengthening of the pipe, and can be applied in both wet and dry condition. The composite is designed, tested and qualified in accordance with ISO 24817 standard recommended practice.
This paper will describe the application of the composite repair solution that successfully prevented opportunity loss and sustaining the technical integrity of the facility.
In specific, it will discuss on a number of case studies of repairing riser, pipeline and piping designed to ASME B31.4, B31.8 and B31.3 codes respectively.
Novel Approach to Measuring Irreducible Water Salinity in Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Bourdet Julien , Kempton Richard 
Published: February 2015

A volume fraction of pores in gas reservoir is occupied by water at irreducible saturation. This volume fraction can be challenging to calculate and it impacts on the reserve calculation and the flow rate of production. Water at irreducible saturation does not flow during fluid sampling and therefore cannot be investigated. Interpretation of wireline logs such as electrical resistivity or spontaneous potential measurements are classicly used to derive water saturation but requires knowledge of the salinity of the irreducible water. Salinity of the aquifer below the gas-water contact may be used however, samples are frequently contaminated and errors may be introduced if the salinity evolved since gas emplacement. Drainage capillary pressure measurements on core plugs provide can provide water saturation data, however core samples may be inappropriate or the measurements unreliable.
To provide additional constraints on salinity, we propose an alternative new laboratory technique using laser Raman that directly measures the salinity of irreducible water trapped in mineral microcavities known as fluid inclusions. The liquid water spectrum is strongly influenced by dissolved anions (Cl− being the most dominant) and quantification of this overcomes limitations of metastability when using conventional microthermometric techniques. To be robust, the water measured must contain dissolved methane at a concentration in equilibrium with free gas.
Through a simple example using a sample from a gas reservoir in Australia, we demonstrate the viability of the technique by presenting a methodology that leads to derivation of a salinity value, methane concentration and a pressure-temperature constraint of entrapment.
Development of Interpretable Predictive Models for BPH and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Bermejo Pablo , Vivo Alicia , Tárraga Pedro J. , Rodríguez-Montes J. A. 
Published: February 2015

Background Traditional methods for deciding whether to recommend a patient for a prostate biopsy are based on cut-off levels of stand-alone markers such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or any of its derivatives. However, in the last decade we have seen the increasing use of predictive models that combine, in a non-linear manner, several predictives that are better able to predict prostate cancer (PC), but these fail to help the clinician to distinguish between PC and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients. We construct two new models that are capable of predicting both PC and BPH. Methods An observational study was performed on 150 patients with PSA ≥3 ng/mL and age >50 years. We built a decision tree and a logistic regression model, validated with the leave-one-out methodology, in order to predict PC or BPH, or reject both. Results Statistical dependence with PC and BPH was found for prostate volume ( P-value < 0.001), PSA ( P-value < 0.001), international prostate symptom score (IPSS; P-value < 0.001), digital rectal examination (DRE; P-value < 0.001), age ( P-value < 0.002), antecedents ( P-value < 0.006), and meat consumption ( P-value < 0.08). The two predictive models that were constructed selected a subset of these, namely, volume, PSA, DRE, and IPSS, obtaining an area under the ROC curve (AUC) between 72% and 80% for both PC and BPH prediction. Conclusion PSA and volume together help to build predictive models that accurately distinguish among PC, BPH, and patients without any of these pathologies. Our decision tree and logistic regression models outperform the AUC obtained in the compared studies. Using these models as decision support, the number of unnecessary biopsies might be significantly reduced.
Promotion of Wellness and Mental Health Awareness Among Physicians in Training: Perspective of a National, Multispecialty Panel of Residents and Fellows
Authors: Daskivich Timothy J. , Jardine Dinchen A. , Tseng Jennifer , Correa Ricardo , Stagg Brian C. , Jacob Kristin M. , Harwood Jared L. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

Background
Physicians in training are at high risk for depression, and physicians in practice have a substantially elevated risk of suicide compared to the general population. The graduate medical education community is currently mobilizing efforts to improve resident wellness.

Objective
We sought to provide a trainee perspective on current resources to support resident wellness and resources that need to be developed to ensure an optimal learning environment.

Methods
The ACGME Council of Review Committee Residents, a 29-member multispecialty group of residents and fellows, conducted an appreciative inquiry exercise to (1) identify existing resources to address resident wellness; (2) envision the ideal learning environment to promote wellness; and (3) determine how the existing infrastructure could be modified to approach the ideal. The information was aggregated to identify consensus themes from group discussion.

Results
National policy on resident wellness should (1) increase awareness of the stress of residency and destigmatize depression in trainees; (2) develop systems to identify and treat depression in trainees in a confidential way to reduce barriers to accessing help; (3) enhance mentoring by senior peers and faculty; (4) promote a supportive culture; and (5) encourage additional study of the problem to deepen our understanding of the issue.

Conclusions
A multispecialty, national panel of trainees identified actionable goals to broaden efforts in programs and sponsoring institutions to promote resident wellness and mental health awareness. Engagement of all stakeholders within the graduate medical education community will be critical to developing a comprehensive solution to this important issue.
Increased Dose Single-agent Gemcitabine in Platinum-taxane Resistant Metastatic Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Kodaz Hilmi , Hacibekiroglu Ilhan , Turkmen Esma , Erdogan Bulent , Elpen Cagnur , Uzunoglu Sernaz , Cicin Irfan 
Published: February 2015

Background In platinum-taxane resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we aimed to determine the effectiveness. Patients and Methods Between 2004 and 2013, patients afflicted with platinum-taxane resistant EOC and who were administered a 30-minute i.v. infusion of single-agent gemcitabine at a dose of 1,250 mg/m2 on the 1st, 8th and 15th days, every 28 days, were examined retrospectively. Results Twenty-six patients with platinum-taxane resistant EOC were included in the study. The overall survival (OS) was 48 months. The median survival after becoming platinum-taxane resistant was 16 months for the study population. Median time to progression (TTP) and median survival after becoming platinum-taxane resistant for patients who received second-line treatment were 3.3 months and 16 months, respectively; for patients who received third-line treatment with gemcitabine, these were 3.7 months and 19 months, respectively. Administration of gemcitabine as second- and third-line chemotherapy in platinum-taxane resistant EOC, provides similar TTP and OS outcomes (p = 0.4, p = 0.9) with a similar response and toxicity rate. Conclusions Second- and third-line gemcitabine at a dose of 1,250 mg/m2 on days 1, 8 and 15 every 28 days as a 30-minute i.v. infusion in platinum-taxane resistant EOC is an effective treatment option with a tolerable and manageable toxicity.
The Ethical Importance of the Beautiful:
Authors: LEUNG WING SZE 
Published: February 2015

AbstractRecent scholars interested in Wordsworth's relation to the empiricist tradition disagree on the extent to which his notion of the imagination resembles what Hume meant by “association.” This article examines this debate in the context of the earlier books of The Prelude (1805), as a way to explore how Wordsworth's conception of the beautiful contained therein both exhibits fundamental characteristics of and diverges from Hume's empiricism. I first argue that despite certain similarities, the mechanism of association fails to adequately explain Wordsworth's imaginary activities. I then show how Wordsworth's conception of the imagination enabled him to reconceive Hume's empiricist aesthetics. I argue that while incorporating the language of empiricism, Wordsworth's account of the beauty of nature also demonstrated its originality. Whereas Hume conceived of the aesthetic feeling of the beautiful as solely a passive response to the utility of natural objects, Wordsworth perceived it as an expression of love and respect for nature's moral standing—an outlook that played a vital role in developing his moral sympathy.
Software Architecture Modeling for User Interfaces
Authors: Coutaz Joëlle 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe design of software architecture has become an active area of research. Although the ad‐hoc development of software is acceptable for throwaway prototypes, it is now widely recognized that architectural design of complex systems can no longer simply emerge from craft skills. This shared scientific wisdom calls for increased attention in the practice of user interface development.Current practice in prototyping is not the only motivation for paying attention to architectural design. Emerging interaction techniques are more and more complex.Software architecture modeling serves two distinct but complementary purposes: the forward design and the reverse design of software structures. On one hand, software architecture modeling guides the development of a future system; on the other hand, it helps to understand the organization of existing code. In both cases, the problem is how to capture architectural knowledge and convey this knowledge to software designers and maintainers in a useful way.This article reports a state of the art on software architecture modeling for interactive systems. It is structured in the following first, the key concepts from software architecture research and make explicit the design steps that most software designers in HCI tend to blend in a fuzzy way are introduced. Building on general concepts and practice from mainstream software engineering, we then present a comparative analysis of the most significant architecture models developed in HCS is then presented.The article primarily concentrate on the conceptual aspects of architectural design. The reification of conceptual architectures into implementation architectures which rely on the underlying platform and programming tools, is not addressed.
Business Process Reengineering
Authors: Sneed Harry , Verhoef Chris 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this article the fact that the revolution of business process reengineering was not widely implemented, and that many efforts failed is recalled. two major reasons in favor of reengineering old economy information systems are: keeping pace with technology advances and improving business processes. how business processes always traditionally aligned with the technological waves of batch‐oriented information systems and client/server systems, and in the future can align with Web‐based architectures is ultimated. Then how corporations can align their businesses to the information technology of the twenty‐first century: by revolution or by evolution is discussed. When the technological infrastructure is in place, new business processes can emerge. Technology drives business change, and that business (process) reengineering follows software reengineering is stressed.