bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermolysis parameter and kinetic research in copolyamide 66 containing triaryl phosphine oxide
Authors: Xiao-Feng Yang , Qiao-Ling Li , Zhi-Ping Chen , Hong-Xia Jin , Bo Liu 
Published: February 2013

Flame-retardant polyamide 66 (FR-PA66) was fabricated with adipic acid hexamethylene salt and bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phenyl phosphine oxide as raw materials. Thermogravimetric (TG) data of flame-retardant FR-PA66 at different heating rates were measured by employing TG analyzer, and analyzed with Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Coast–Redfer method, respectively. The results show that the flame-retardant properties of triaryl phosphine oxide on FR-PA66 come from the first cleavage of P–C bond and forming of carbonized protective layer. The former reduces the initial thermolysis activation energy of FR-PA66 to 75 kJ/mol. The latter improves the middle and late thermolysis activation energy of FR-PA66 to 190 kJ/mol and 195 kJ/mol, which is higher than that of PA66 for 50 kJ/mol and 46 kJ/mol, respectively. The most probable thermolysis kinetic mechanism function ( f( α)) of FR-PA66 in three different stages are showed as following: when the rate of decomposition ( α) is lower than 0.1, [Formula: see text]; when α is between 0.1 and 0.7, [Formula: see text]; and when α is beyond 0.7, [Formula: see text].
Correlation of Dorsiflexion Angle and Plantar Pressure Following Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Authors: Alentorn-Geli Eduard , Gil Sergi , Bascuas Iria , Donaire Maria Fernanda , Boza Roser , Pidemunt Gemma , Puig Lluís , Zabala Santiago , Ginés-Cespedosa Alberto 
Published: February 2013

Background: The correlation between angle of fusion of the first metatarsophalangeal (1MTTP) joint and pressures under metatarsal heads and hallux has not been well characterized. The main purpose was to investigate the correlation between fusion dorsiflexion angle of the 1MTTP joint and plantar pressures under the first metatarsal head and hallux during gait. Methods: Patients who underwent arthrodesis of the 1MTTP joint from 2005 to 2010 were seen for a follow-up examination. Of 27 patients, 15 (22 feet) with a mean follow-up of 26.2 months were evaluated in the study. Main outcomes included the fusion clinical and radiological dorsiflexion angles and the mean and maximum dynamic plantar pressures under all 5 metatarsal heads and under the hallux. Plantar pressures were measured through an in-shoe system while patients walked normally along a corridor. Results: The dorsiflexion angle was positively correlated with mean dynamic plantar pressures under the first metatarsal head: P = .02 ( r = 0.5) for clinical angle, and P = .01 ( r = 0.58) for radiological angle. Patients with 15 degrees or more of clinical dorsiflexion angle demonstrated higher mean dynamic plantar pressure under the first metatarsal head ( P = .05) and higher maximum dynamic plantar pressure under the second metatarsal head ( P = .04) compared with patients with less than 15 degrees. In contrast, the latter patients demonstrated higher mean dynamic plantar pressure beneath the hallux ( P = .04). Patients with 30 degrees or more of radiological dorsiflexion angle demonstrated significantly higher mean dynamic plantar pressure under the first metatarsal head ( P = .04) compared with patients with less than 30 degrees. Conclusion: Higher dorsiflexion angles correlate with higher plantar pressures under the first metatarsal head. Lower dorsiflexion angles increase plantar pressures beneath the hallux during gait. Clinical Relevance: Significant increase in plantar pressure under the first metatarsal head may be avoided by performing the arthrodesis of the 1MTTP joint below 30° and 15° for the radiological and clinical dorsiflexion angles, respectively.
Histomorphometric, CT Arthrographic, and Biomechanical Mapping of the Human Ankle
Authors: Buettner Olaf , Leumann André , Lehner Roman , Dell-Kuster Salome , Rosenthal Rachel , Mueller-Gerbl Magdalena , Valderrabano Victor 
Published: February 2013

Background: The specific morphological and biomechanical characteristics of the osteochondral unit of the ankle joint are not yet fully understood. This anatomical study aimed to map regional thickness of the articular hyaline uncalcified cartilage and its adjacent layers of mineralized cartilage and subchondral bone as well as to measure the regional indentation stiffness of human ankle joint cartilage. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 pairs of human cadaver ankle joints (median age: 78 years) were evaluated by histomorphometry and multidetector row double-contrast CT arthrography for cartilage thickness in 17 distinct anatomical regions. In addition, regional distribution of the subchondral bone plate and of the mineralized cartilage was scrutinized histologically. Cartilage indentation stiffness was measured using an arthroscopic handheld device (Artscan200), especially validated for use in thin cartilage. The correlation between the thickness of different components of the osteochondral unit and the cartilage indentation stiffness was evaluated. Results: The thinnest uncalcified cartilage was measured at the anterior talar dome and the distal fibula. The thickest uncalcified cartilage was found in the mid and posterior talar dome, as well as in the tibial plafond. Mineralized cartilage and subchondral bone showed highest values at the anteromedial talar dome. Cartilage indentation stiffness showed a bicentric distribution pattern in 14/20 ankle pairs and was highest in regions with thin cartilage. Positive correlation between the thickness of the mineralized cartilage and the subchondral bone plate was found. No correlation between the thickness of the uncalcified and the mineralized cartilage could be identified. Conclusion: This anatomical study provides a comprehensive mapping of the osteochondral unit of the human ankle joint in elderly people. Articular hyaline uncalcified cartilage and the subchondral bone plate showed clear regional differences and were reciprocally distributed. Cartilage indentation stiffness was inversely correlated to cartilage thickness in elderly people. Clinical Relevance: Thorough understanding of the osteochondral unit of the ankle joint could be helpful for clinicians and researchers in the development of improved operative repair techniques for osteochondral defects in the ankle joint, for example, in constructing specific tissue-engineered osteochondral plugs.
Dual therapy of vildagliptin and telmisartan on diabetic nephropathy in experimentally induced type 2 diabetes mellitus rats
Authors: Sharma Ashish Kumar , Kanawat Devendra Singh , Mishra Akanksha , Dhakad Prashant Kumar , Sharma Prashant , Srivastava Varnika , Joshi Sneha , Joshi Megha , Raikwar Sachin Kumar , Kurmi Muneem Kumar , Srinivasan Bharthu Parthsarthi 
Published: February 2013

Introduction: The objective of this article is to investigate the combination of telmisartan with vildagliptin therapy versus monotherapy of vildagliptin and telmisartan on diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Materials and methods: In adult rats streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) and nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally to produce diabetic nephropathy. Rats of either sex allotted to the following groups: (i) triple therapy: metformin (120 mg/kg, o.d.) + pioglitazone (1.25 mg/kg, o.d.) + glimepiride (0.7 mg/kg, o.d.); (ii) dual therapy: vildagliptin (8.76 mg/kg, o.d.) + telmisartan (6.48 mg/kg, o.d.); (iii) vildagliptin (8.76 mg/kg, o.d.); and (iv) telmisartan (6.48 mg/kg, o.d.); therapy was carried out for 35 days orally. Weekly at days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35, blood pressure, blood glucose level, body weight, blood serum creatinine level, protein albumin level in urine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were estimated. Renal structural changes were observed. Results: Blood pressure, blood glucose level, blood serum creatinine level, protein albumin level in urine, BUN and renal deterioration increased significantly in diabetic rats compared with normal control rats. The vildagliptin + telmisartan treatment group showed no weight gain and controlled blood pressure, renovascular structural and biochemical parameters in diabetic neuropathy rats. Conclusions: The addition of telmisartan to vildagliptin demonstrated the best control over blood pressure, glycemia and diabetic nephropathy markers, renal structural changes and improvement of renal function as opposed to monotherapy with either drug, possibly because of the dual inhibitory effect on the renin–angiotensin system.
Hypothesis Testing for Group Structure in Legislative Networks
Authors: Kirkland Justin H. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractScholars of social networks often rely on summary statistics to measure and compare the structures of their networks of interest. However, measuring the uncertainty inherent in these summaries can be challenging, thus making hypothesis testing for network summaries difficult. Computational and nonparametric procedures can overcome these difficulties by allowing researchers to generate reference distributions for comparison directly from their data. In this research, I demonstrate the use of nonparametric hypothesis testing in networks using the popular network summary statistic network modularity. I provide a method based on permutation testing for assessing whether a particular network modularity score is larger than a researcher might expect due to random chance. I then create a simulation study of network modularity and its simulated reference distribution that I propose. Finally, I provide an empirical example of this technique using cosponsorship networks from U.S. state legislatures.
Role of LRF/Pokemon in lineage fate decisions
Authors: Lunardi Andrea , Guarnerio Jlenia , Wang Guocan , Maeda Takahiro , Pandolfi Pier Paolo 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn the human genome, 43 different genes are found that encode proteins belonging to the family of the POK (poxvirus and zinc finger and Krüppel)/ZBTB (zinc finger and broad complex, tramtrack, and bric à brac) factors. Generally considered transcriptional repressors, several of these genes play fundamental roles in cell lineage fate decision in various tissues, programming specific tasks throughout the life of the organism. Here, we focus on functions of leukemia/lymphoma-related factor/POK erythroid myeloid ontogenic factor, which is probably one of the most exciting and yet enigmatic members of the POK/ZBTB family.
Incidence and prognostic relevance of genetic variations in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Bonn Bettina R. , Rohde Marius , Zimmermann Martin , Krieger David , Oschlies Ilske , Niggli Felix , Wrobel Grazyna , Attarbaschi Andishe , Escherich Gabriele , Klapper Wolfram , Reiter Alfred , Burkhardt Birgit 
Published: February 2013

Key PointsConfirms the prognostic effect of NOTCH1 mutations in pediatric T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in a large and independent cohort. Provides the scientific basis for using NOTCH1 mutations and chromosome 6q alterations as stratification criterion in patients with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.
Consensus statement for inert gas washout measurement using multiple- and single- breath tests
Authors: Robinson Paul D. , Latzin Philipp , Verbanck Sylvia , Hall Graham L. , Horsley Alexander , Gappa Monika , Thamrin Cindy , Arets Hubertus G.M. , Aurora Paul , Fuchs Susanne I. , King Gregory G. , Lum Sooky , Macleod Kenneth , Paiva Manuel , Pillow Jane J. , Ranganathan Sarath , Ratjen Felix , Singer Florian , Sonnappa Samatha , Stocks Janet , Subbarao Padmaja , Thompson Bruce R. , Gustafsson Per M. 
Published: February 2013

Inert gas washout tests, performed using the single- or multiple-breath washout technique, were first described over 60 years ago. As measures of ventilation distribution inhomogeneity, they offer complementary information to standard lung function tests, such as spirometry, as well as improved feasibility across wider age ranges and improved sensitivity in the detection of early lung damage. These benefits have led to a resurgence of interest in these techniques from manufacturers, clinicians and researchers, yet detailed guidelines for washout equipment specifications, test performance and analysis are lacking. This manuscript provides recommendations about these aspects, applicable to both the paediatric and adult testing environment, whilst outlining the important principles that are essential for the reader to understand. These recommendations are evidence based, where possible, but in many places represent expert opinion from a working group with a large collective experience in the techniques discussed.Finally, the important issues that remain unanswered are highlighted. By addressing these important issues and directing future research, the hope is to facilitate the incorporation of these promising tests into routine clinical practice.
Diagnostic accuracy of a serotype-specific antigen test in community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Huijts Susanne M. , Pride Michael W. , Vos Josephine M.I. , Jansen Kathrin U. , Webber Chris , Gruber William , Boersma Wim G. , Snijders Dominic , Kluytmans Jan A.J.W. , van der Lee Ivo , Kuipers Bart A.F. , van der Ende Arie , Bonten Marc J.M. 
Published: February 2013

Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of a serotype-specific urinary antigen detection multiplex assay for identification of 13 pneumococcal serotypes (1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F and 23F) in urine of patients with community-acquired pneumonia.Adult patients with clinical suspicion of community-acquired pneumonia were included. In addition to standard diagnostic procedures, a urine sample was collected to perform the urinary antigen detection test. Demographic, clinical, radiological and microbiological data were collected.Among 1095 community-acquired pneumonia patientsStreptococcus pneumoniaewas identified as causative pathogen in 257 (23%), when using conventional diagnostic methods and in 357 (33%) when urinary antigen detection was added. Of the 49 bacteraemic episodes caused by one of the 13 serotypes covered by the urinary antigen detection, 48 were detected by the urinary antigen detection, indicating a sensitivity of 98%. Of the 77 community-acquired pneumonia episodes with a “non-urinary antigen detection” causative pathogen, none had a positive urinary antigen detection result, indicating a specificity of 100%.Addition of the urinary antigen detection test to conventional diagnostic methods increased the prevalence ofS. pneumoniaecommunity-acquired pneumonia by 39%. Using bacteraemic episodes as reference sensitivity and specificity of the urinary antigen detection was 98% and 100%, respectively.
The effect of nasal tramazoline with dexamethasone in obstructive sleep apnoea patients
Authors: Koutsourelakis Ioannis , Minaritzoglou Aliki , Zakynthinos Georgios , Vagiakis Emmanouil , Zakynthinos Spyros 
Published: February 2013

Although there is a strong correlation between oral/oro-nasal breathing and apnoea/hypopnoea index in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and normal nasal resistance at wakefulness, it remains unknown whether the pharmacological prevention of potential nasal obstruction during sleep could decrease oral/oro-nasal breathing and increase nasal breathing and subsequently decrease the apnoea/hypopnoea index. This study evaluated the effect of a combination of a nasal decongestant with corticosteroid on breathing route pattern and apnoea/hypopnoea index.21 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (mean apnoea/hypopnoea index 31.1 events per hour) and normal nasal resistance at wakefulness were enrolled in a randomised crossover trial of 1 weeks’ treatment with nasal tramazoline and dexamethasone compared with 1 weeks’ treatment with nasal placebo. At the start and end of each treatment period, patients underwent nasal resistance measurement and overnight polysomnography with attendant measurement of breathing route pattern.Nasal tramazoline with dexamethasone was associated with decrease in oral/oro-nasal breathing epochs and concomitant increase in nasal breathing epochs, and mean decrease of apnoea/hypopnoea index by 21%. The change in nasal breathing epochs was inversely related to the change in apnoea/hypopnoea index (Rs=0.78; p<0.001).In conclusion, nasal tramazoline with dexamethasone in OSA patients with normal nasal resistance at wakefulness can restore the preponderance of nasal breathing epochs and modestly improve apnoea/hypopnoea index.
Pulmonary manifestations of human herpesvirus-8 during HIV infection
Authors: Borie Raphael , Cadranel Jacques , Guihot Amélie , Marcelin Anne Geneviève , Galicier Lionel , Couderc Louis-Jean 
Published: February 2013

Human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 is an oncogenic gamma herpesvirus that was first described in 1994 in Kaposi sarcoma lesions. HHV-8 is involved in the pathophysiological features of multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), both rare B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases. HHV-8-related tumours occur almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients, mostly those with HIV infection. Combined antiretroviral therapies have reduced the incidence of Kaposi sarcoma but not MCD and PEL.HHV-8-related diseases frequently exhibit pulmonary involvement, which may indicate the disease. Kaposi sarcoma in the lung is often asymptomatic but may require specific therapy. It mostly shows cutaneous or mucosal involvement. Patients with typical MCD present fever and lymphadenopathy associated with interstitial lung disease without opportunistic infection. Specific treatment may be urgent. PEL provokes a febrile, lymphocytic-exudative pleural effusion, without a pleural mass on computed tomography scan. Rapid diagnosis prevents unnecessary examinations and leads to specific, rapid treatment. Therapy is complex, combining antiretroviral therapy and chemotherapy.
Pulmonary hypertension in antisynthetase syndrome: prevalence, aetiology and survival
Authors: Hervier Baptiste , Meyer Alain , Dieval Céline , Uzunhan Yurdagul , Devilliers Hervé , Launay David , Canuet Matthieu , Têtu Laurent , Agard Christian , Sibilia Jean , Hamidou Mohamed , Amoura Zahir , Nunes Hilario , Benveniste Olivier , Grenier Philippe , Montani David , Hachulla Eric 
Published: February 2013

Antisynthetase syndrome is characterised by the association of interstitial lung disease and myositis with different anti-tRNA-synthetase antibodies. The occurrence, aetiology and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension have not yet been evaluated.Among 203 consecutive patients, transthoracic echocardiogram and right heart catheterisation results were retrospectively analysed in the light of clinico-biological, morphological and functional parameters. Definitions of pulmonary hypertension were based on the European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society 2009 guidelines, with severe pulmonary hypertension being defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure >35 mmHg.Pulmonary hypertension was suspected by transthoracic echocardiogram in 47 (23.2%) cases, corresponding to pulmonary hypertension “possible” (n=27, 13.3%) or “likely” (n=20, 9.9%). Right heart catheterisation was performed in 21 patients, excluding pulmonary hypertension in five and confirming pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension in 16 (7.9%). Although related to interstitial lung disease in all cases, pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension was severe in 13 (81.3%) patients (mean±sdpulmonary arterial pressure 46±9 mmHg), frequently associated with low cardiac index (mean±sd2.3±0.8 L·min−1·m−2) and high forced vital capacity/diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide ratio (2.5±0.6). Pulmonary hypertension was significantly associated with a lower survival rate (p<0.001), with a 3-year survival rate of 58%.The occurrence of pulmonary hypertension in antisynthetase syndrome is significant and dramatically worsens the prognosis. Although systematically associated with interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension was usually severe, suggesting a specific pulmonary vascular involvement.
Genotyping 1000 yeast strains by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Wilkening Stefan , Tekkedil Manu M , Lin Gen , Fritsch Emilie S , Wei Wu , Gagneur Julien , Lazinski David W , Camilli Andrew , Steinmetz Lars M 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
The throughput of next-generation sequencing machines has increased dramatically over the last few years; yet the cost and time for library preparation have not changed proportionally, thus representing the main bottleneck for sequencing large numbers of samples. Here we present an economical, high-throughput library preparation method for the Illumina platform, comprising a 96-well based method for DNA isolation for yeast cells, a low-cost DNA shearing alternative, and adapter ligation using heat inactivation of enzymes instead of bead cleanups.

Results
Up to 384 whole-genome libraries can be prepared from yeast cells in one week using this method, for less than 15 euros per sample. We demonstrate the robustness of this protocol by sequencing over 1000 yeast genomes at ~30x coverage. The sequence information from 768 yeast segregants derived from two divergent S. cerevisiae strains was used to generate a meiotic recombination map at unprecedented resolution. Comparisons to other datasets indicate a high conservation of recombination at a chromosome-wide scale, but differences at the local scale. Additionally, we detected a high degree of aneuploidy (3.6%) by examining the sequencing coverage in these segregants. Differences in allele frequency allowed us to attribute instances of aneuploidy to gains of chromosomes during meiosis or mitosis, both of which showed a strong tendency to missegregate specific chromosomes.

Conclusions
Here we present a high throughput workflow to sequence genomes of large number of yeast strains at a low price. We have used this workflow to obtain recombination and aneuploidy data from hundreds of segregants, which can serve as a foundation for future studies of linkage, recombination, and chromosomal aberrations in yeast and higher eukaryotes.