bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vers un modèle écologique de la victimisation en milieu scolaire
Authors: Côté1 Anne-Marie , Blais Étienne , Ouellet Frédéric 
Published: April 2015

Cet article s’inspire de la perspective écologique pour vérifier la contribution des effets de facteurs individuels, contextuels et environnementaux sur le risque de victimisation en milieu scolaire. L’accent est mis particulièrement sur le rôle des gardiens potentiels, des superviseurs et des victimes. Pour ce faire, un questionnaire a été administré aux élèves de 16 écoles primaires d’une région urbaine du Québec (N = 838) afin de sonder leurs expériences de violence en milieu scolaire. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide d’un modèle linéaire hiérarchique généralisé (MLHG), ce qui permet d’intégrer simultanément des variables sur le plan de l’école et de l’élève. Les résultats indiquent que 44,2 %, 74 % et 22,3 % des élèves ont été respectivement victimes de violence physique, verbale et sur Internet au cours du dernier mois. Les résultats montrent que l’adoption de comportements violents augmente le risque de victimisation verbale et physique chez les élèves. Les interventions des témoins (gardiens potentiels) réduisent significativement le risque de victimisation tout comme l’autodéfense de la part des victimes. Demander de l’aide aux superviseurs (enseignants, surveillants ou parents) accroît le risque de victimisation. Inciter les témoins à intervenir représente une piste qui pourrait être éventuellement intégrée aux programmes de prévention.
Görüntü ve lidar verisinden bina tespitinde farkli yöntemler
Authors: Demir Nusret 
Published: April 2015

ÖzetBu çalışmada dört farklı bina tespit yöntemi incelenmiştir. Her bir yöntem farklı işlem adımlarına sahiptir ve bina tespiti için farklı üstünlüklere sahiptir. İlk yöntem, çok bantlı sınıflandırma ve sayısal yükseklik modeli filtrelenmesine dayanmaktadır. İkinci yöntem, sayısal arazi modeli üzerinde tespit edilmiş arazi üzeri nesneleri ile NDVI görüntüsünün eğitimsiz sınıflandırması ile ağaç nesnelerinin elemine edilmesi ile binaları tespit etmektedir. Üçüncü yöntem, LIDAR arazi noktaları üzerinde yoğunluk analizi ile arazi üzeri nesnelerin tespiti ve yine NDVI kullanarak binaları tespit etmektedir. Dördüncü yöntem ise tamamen LIDAR noktalarına dayanmaktadır, dikey ve yatay düzlem üzerinde yoğunluk analizi ile bina ve ağaçların birbirlerinden ayrışmasını inceleyerek binalar tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra, yöntemlerin özelliklerine, avantaj ve dezavantajlarına bağlı olarak sonuçlar bütünleştirilmiş ve sırasıyla %94 ve %92 doğruluk ve tamlık değerlerine ulaşılmıştır.
High‐temperature fracturing and subsequent grain‐size‐sensitive creep in lower crustal gabbros: Evidence for coseismic loading followed by creep during decaying stress in the lower crust?
Authors: Okudaira Takamoto , Jeřábek Petr , Stünitz Holger , Fusseis Florian 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe mechanism of shear zone formation in lower crustal, relatively “dry” rocks is still poorly understood. We have studied the high‐temperature deformation of the Hasvik gabbro (northern Norway) which commences by fracturing. The 10–20 µm wide fractures show little displacement. The fine‐grained plagioclase and orthopyroxene in the fractures lack a crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) or a systematic crystallographic orientation with respect to the host grains. Fractures grade into narrow shear zones, which are composed of fine (10–20 µm), equant grains of recrystallized plagioclase, amphibole, and pyroxene. Recrystallized plagioclase and pyroxene have compositions different from the magmatic grains, suggesting that they have formed by nucleation and growth. Based on conventional plagioclase‐amphibole thermobarometry, the shear zones have formed at temperatures and pressures of 700–750°C and 0.5–0.6 GPa. The observed primary minerals cut by fractures suggest high‐temperature fracturing in the absence of high pore pressures, which implies a high strength of the lower crustal gabbros and high stresses at fracturing. The shear zones are characterized by the lack of CPO and a small grain size, suggesting that the mechanism of deformation of the fine‐grained plagioclase and orthopyroxene has been grain boundary sliding accommodated by diffusive mass transfer. The amphibole grains have strong CPOs, which most likely result from oriented growth and/or rigid body rotations during deformation. The process that initiated the fracturing and subsequent viscous creep in the Hasvik gabbro may have resulted from a process of coseismic loading followed by creep during decaying stress in the lower crust.
The evolution of a Gondwanan collisional orogen: A structural and geochronological appraisal from the Southern Granulite Terrane, South India
Authors: Plavsa Diana , Collins Alan S. , Foden John D. , Clark Chris 
Published: April 2015

AbstractGondwana amalgamated along a suite of Himalayan‐scale collisional orogens, the roots of which lace the continents of Africa, South America, and Antarctica. The Southern Granulite Terrane of India is a generally well‐exposed, exhumed, Gondwana‐forming orogen that preserves a record of the tectonic evolution of the eastern margin of the East African Orogen during the Ediacaran‐Cambrian (circa 600–500 Ma) as central Gondwana formed. The deformation associated with the closure of the Mozambique Ocean and collision of the Indian and East African/Madagascan cratonic domains is believed to have taken place along the southern margin of the Salem Block (the Palghat‐Cauvery Shear System, PCSS) in the Southern Granulite Terrane. Investigation of the structural fabrics and the geochronology of the high‐grade shear zones within the PCSS system shows that the Moyar‐Salem‐Attur shear zone to the north of the PCSS system is early Paleoproterozoic in age and associated with dextral strike‐slip motion, while the Cauvery shear zone (CSZ) to the south of the PCSS system can be loosely constrained to circa 740–550 Ma and is associated with dip‐slip dextral transpression and north side‐up motion. To the south of the proposed suture zone (the Cauvery shear zone), the structural fabrics of the Northern Madurai Block suggest four deformational events (D1–D4), some of which are likely to be contemporaneous. The timing of high pressure‐ultrahigh temperature metamorphism and deformation (D1–D3) in the Madurai Block (here interpreted as the southern extension of Azania) is constrained to circa 550–500 Ma and interpreted as representing collisional orogeny and subsequent orogenic collapse of the eastern margin of the East African Orogen. The disparity in the nature of the structural fabrics and the timing of the deformation in the Salem and the Madurai Blocks suggest that the two experienced distinct tectonothermal events prior to their amalgamation along the Cauvery shear zone during the Ediacaran/Cambrian.
Observations indicative of rain‐induced double diffusion in the ocean surface boundary layer
Authors: Walesby K. , Vialard J. , Minnett P. J. , Callaghan A. H. , Ward B. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDouble diffusion can result in the formation of thermohaline staircases, typically observed in the ocean interior. The observations presented here were acquired in the ocean surface boundary layer with the autonomous microstructure Air‐Sea Interaction Profiler. An intense rain event (rainfall rates of up to 35 mm/h) resulted in cooler, fresher water (up to 0.15 practical salinity unit (psu) over the upper 7–10 m) overlaying warmer, saltier water, a situation potentially conducive to double‐diffusive mixing. Although not as crisp as interfaces in the interior ocean because of elevated background mixing, a total of 303 thermohaline interfaces were detected within and at the base of the fresh layer, with mean changes in temperature (T) and salinity (S) across interfaces of 20 × 10−3∘C and 22 × 10−3 psu, respectively. These results call for new studies to disambiguate whether such interfaces are formed through double‐diffusive mixing or shear instabilities and understand any long‐term impacts on near‐surface stratification.
A thermospheric Na layer event observed up to 140 km over Syowa Station (69.0°S, 39.6°E) in Antarctica
Authors: Tsuda T. T. , Chu X. , Nakamura T. , Ejiri M. K. , Kawahara T. D. , Yukimatu A. S. , Hosokawa K. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report a thermospheric Na layer event (up to 140 km) observed by lidar in the night of 23–24 September 2000 at Syowa (69.0°S, 39.6°E), Antarctica. The thermospheric Na number densities were 2–9 cm−3 at 110–140 km, 3 orders of magnitude smaller than the peak density of the normal layer at 80–110 km. The thermospheric Na layers exhibited a wave‐like structure with a period of 1–2 h. The colocated ionospheric/auroral observations showed sporadic E layers over Syowa through the night and an enhancement of the ionospheric/auroral activity around south side of Syowa at the event beginning. Adopting the theory by Chu et al. (2011), we hypothesize that the thermospheric Na layers are neutralized from converged Na+ layers. An envelope calculation shows good consistency with the observations.
Patients with isolated oligo/hypodontia caused by RUNX2 duplication
Authors: Molin Arnaud , Lopez‐Cazaux Serena , Pichon Olivier , Vincent Marie , Isidor Bertrand , Le Caignec Cédric 
Published: April 2015

Loss‐of‐function mutations of RUNX2 are responsible for cleidocranial dysplasia, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by delayed closure of cranial sutures, aplastic or hypoplastic clavicles, moderate short stature and supernumerary teeth. By contrast, an increased gene dosage is expected for duplication of the entire RUNX2 sequence and thus, a phenotype different from cleidocranial dysplasia. To date, two cousins with a duplication including the entire RUNX2 sequence in addition to MIR586, CLIC5 and the 5' half of SUPT3H have been reported. These patients presented with metopic synostosis and hypodontia.Here, we report on a family with an affected mother and three affected children. The four patients carried a 285 kb duplication identified by array comparative genomic hybridization. The duplication includes the entire sequence of RUNX2 and the 5′ half of SUPT3H. We confirmed the duplication by real‐time quantitative PCR in the four patients. Two children presented with the association of metopic craniosynostosis and oligo/hypodontia previously described, confirming the phenotype caused by RUNX2 duplication. Interestingly, the mother and one child had isolated hypodontia without craniosynostosis, broadening the phenotype observed in patients with such duplications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Observer Based Control of a Missile Seeker System Using Sliding Modes
Authors: Tamhane Bhagyashri , Singh Dharmveer , Kurode Shailaja , Parkhi Prasad 
Published: April 2015

AbstractControl of the seeker is important for successful operation of a missile. This paper proposes robust sliding mode control (SMC) with sliding mode observer (SMO) for the seeker. The SMO is designed for the extended state system wherein the disturbance is considered as an additional state. Estimated disturbance is used to update the SMC law.
Muddy water animation with different details
Authors: Baek Seungho , Um Kiwon , Han JungHyun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMuddy water is an example of suspension, which is a mixture containing particles that separate into distinct layers if left undisturbed. When stirred, however, the mud substance flows like a liquid and again begins settling out. Mud is composed of various sized particles, and they produce different effects when it is blended with water. This paper classifies the mud particles into three types and proposes different simulation methods for the types. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods effectively produce visually plausible muddy water effects. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel mutation of SETBP1 in atypical chronic myeloid leukemia transformed from acute myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Hu WangQiang , Wang XiaoXia , Yang RongRong , Xie YaoSheng , Zhang Zhuo , Lu Hong , Wu LianFeng , Lai MeiMei , Yu Kang 
Published: April 2015

Key Clinical MessageTo investigate an oncogenic mutation of SETBP1 in the evolution from acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4) to secondary aCML. Clinical data and molecular studies were analyzed of paired aCML and 'normal'DNA from a case with M4. We identified a mutation in SETBP1 (encoding a p.Asp868Ala alteration). The analysis of paired sample indicated that SETBP1 mutation was acquired during leukemic evolution.
Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with bendamustine in an HIV‐infected patient on antiretroviral therapy: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shimada Naoki , Yuji Koichiro , Ohno Nobuhiro , Koibuchi Tomohiko , Oyaizu Naoki , Uchimaru Kaoru , Tojo Arinobu 
Published: April 2015

Key Clinical MessageFew reports have described the coincidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and HIV. We administered bendamustine to an HIV‐positive refractory CLL patient and obtained a significant objective response. Our results indicate that bendamustine can be used in HIV‐infected CLL patients. We also reviewed 12 cases of CLL with HIV infection.
An unusual case of solid appendicular mass in a young female
Authors: Kalyan Palanipriya , Schattner Mark A. , Weiser Martin R. , Kumar Sivapriya 
Published: April 2015

Key Clinical MessageEndometriosis should be entertained as part of differential diagnosis in females in child‐bearing age group when there is an incidental finding of solid neoplasm on imaging. It helps to guide physicians for appropriate management. It is important to emphasize that no radiological or imaging finding is pathognomonic for endometriosis.
Chirality Influence of Zaltoprofen Towards UDP‐Glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) Inhibition Potential
Authors: Jia Lin , Hu Cuimin , Wang Haina , Liu Yongzhe , Liu Xin , Zhang Yan‐Yan , Li Wei , Wang Li‐Xuan , Cao Yun‐Feng , Fang Zhong‐Ze 
Published: April 2015

AbstractZaltoprofen (ZLT) is a nonsteroidal antiinflammation drug, and has been clinically employed to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and other chronic inflammatory pain conditions. The present study aims to investigate the chirality influence of zaltoprofen towards the inhibition potential towards UDP‐glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) isoforms. In vitro a recombinant UGT isoforms‐catalyzed 4‐methylumbelliferone (4‐MU) glucuronidation incubation system was employed to investigate the inhibition of (R)‐zaltoprofen and (S)‐zaltoprofen towards UGT isoforms. The inhibition difference capability was observed for the inhibition of (R)‐zaltoprofen and (S)‐zaltoprofen towards UGT1A8 and UGT2B7, but not for other tested UGT isoforms. (R)‐zaltoprofen exhibited noncompetitive inhibition towards UGT1A8 and competitive inhibition towards UGT2B7. The inhibition kinetic parameters were calculated to be 35.3 μM and 19.2 μM for UGT1A8 and UGT2B7. (R)‐zaltoprofen and (S)‐zaltoprofen exhibited a different inhibition type towards UGT1A7. Based on the reported maximum plasma concentration of (R)‐zaltoprofen in vivo, a high drug–drug interaction between (R)‐zaltoprofen and the drugs mainly undergoing UGT1A7, UGT1A8, and UGT2B7‐catalyzed glucuronidation was indicated. Chirality 27:359–363, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Harmonic resonance in a composite right‐handed and left‐handed transmission line periodically loaded with Schottky varactors
Authors: Narahara Koichi 
Published: April 2015

SummaryHarmonic resonance is characterized in a composite right‐handed and left‐handed (CRLH) transmission line periodically loaded with Schottky varactors, termed a Schottky CRLH line, to achieve efficient second harmonic generation. CRLH line dispersion can cause the second harmonic wave to have the same phase velocity as the fundamental. Application of such fundamental wave enables its second harmonic to develop spontaneously. Both the fundamental and second harmonic waves can gain amplitudes as their phases advance owing to left‐handedness so that a second harmonic of significant amplitude can be obtained with the aid of cavity resonance. In this study, we discuss the design criteria for a Schottky CRLH line as a platform for second harmonic generation based on harmonic resonance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mother–offspring distances reflect sex differences in fine‐scale genetic structure of eastern grey kangaroos
Authors: King Wendy J. , Garant Dany , Festa‐Bianchet Marco 
Published: April 2015

AbstractNatal dispersal affects life history and population biology and causes gene flow. In mammals, dispersal is usually male‐biased so that females tend to be philopatric and surrounded by matrilineal kin, which may lead to preferential associations among female kin. Here we combine genetic analyses and behavioral observations to investigate spatial genetic structure and sex‐biased dispersal patterns in a high‐density population of mammals showing fission–fusion group dynamics. We studied eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) over 2 years at Wilsons Promontory National Park, Australia, and found weak fine‐scale genetic structure among adult females in both years but no structure among adult males. Immature male kangaroos moved away from their mothers at 18–25 months of age, while immature females remained near their mothers until older. A higher proportion of male (34%) than female (6%) subadults and young adults were observed to disperse, although median distances of detected dispersals were similar for both sexes. Adult females had overlapping ranges that were far wider than the maximum extent of spatial genetic structure found. Female kangaroos, although weakly philopatric, mostly encounter nonrelatives in fission–fusion groups at high density, and therefore kinship is unlikely to strongly affect sociality.
Simple Synthesis of Two‐Dimensional Micro/Mesoporous Boron Nitride
Authors: Maleki Mahdi , Beitollahi Ali , Shokouhimehr Mohammadreza 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMicro/mesoporous boron nitride (BN) nanosheets were synthesized through a simple one‐pot procedure using cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and ammonia borane (AB) as a structure‐directing agent and a BN precursor, respectively. The pyrolysis of the CTAB/AB hybrid under an ammonia atmosphere at 1150 °C produced a white BN powder. We investigated the effect of the CTAB/AB weight ratio on the morphology and physical properties of the prepared powders. The obtained products were characterized by using X‐ray diffraction techniques, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and N2‐sorption analysis. We found that increasing the weight ratio of CTAB/AB changed the morphology of the synthesized materials from densely packed porous structures to two‐dimentional micro/mesoporous BN powders. The high surface area of 1401 cm2 g–1 and pore volume of 1.56 cm3 g–1 and micropore volume of 0.41 cm3 g–1 were obtained for a CTAB/AB weight ratio of 10:1. Hydrogen sorption analysis revealed that the obtained powder has a hydrogen‐adsorption capacity of approximately 1 wt.‐% at 77 K and 100 kPa.
Unexpected Emission Properties of a 1,8‐Naphthalimide Unit Covalently Appended to a Zn–Salophen
Authors: Piccinno Martina , Aragay Gemma , Mihan Francesco Yafteh , Ballester Pablo , Dalla Cort Antonella 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report the synthesis, characterization, and binding properties of a Zn–salophen complex, 1a, functionalized with a 1,8‐naphthalimide unit. Unexpectedly, the emission spectrum of 1a shows a remarkable quenching of the band assigned to the naphthalimide unit. To better understand this phenomenon, a supramolecular model system constituted by a symmetric Zn–salophen and a pyridyl derivative of 1,8‐naphthalimide, 1b·2a, was investigated. We propose the existence of a photoinduced energy transfer process between the naphthalimide (donor) and the salophen (acceptor) units in 1b·2a. A similar process must be operative in the covalent receptor 1a. Nevertheless, the results deriving from steady‐state fluorescence experiments do not rule out the occurrence of a photoinduced electron transfer process as alternative pathway for the quenching. We also describe the chemosensing properties of receptor 1a and the supramolecular system 1b·2a towards acetate. The nonsymmetrically substituted salophen receptor 1a only transduces the binding of the anion to the Zn metal center in significant spectroscopic changes in its absorption spectrum. On the other hand, we exploit the strong emission quenching experienced by the naphthalimide component in the supramolecular complex 1b·2a to detect anions (e.g. acetate) by means of a typical “turn‐on” fluorescent indicator displacement assay.
Facile, One‐Step Synthesis of 5‐Substituted Thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione by Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Amidation
Authors: Fuse Shinichiro , Takahashi Ryota , Takahashi Takashi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDescribed herein is a facile, one‐step synthesis of 5‐substituted thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐diones (TPDs) by a palladium‐catalyzed carbonylative amidation of commercially available dibromoaryl compounds under mild conditions. TPDs are important structural components for organic electronics. Our optimal conditions afforded the desired 5‐n‐octyl‐TPD in a 63 % yield in one step. This is a considerably improved process compared with the most conventional approach (5 steps in 12–22 %) In addition, this method was applied to the syntheses of pyridinopyrroledione (PPD) and pyrroloisoindoletetraone (PIT), which also are important structural components for various functional materials and bioactive compounds. The developed synthetic approach would be a valuable aid to the materials and drug discovery process.
An online acquisition method for monitoring the surface growth of flame retardant protective layers
Authors: Dos Santos Rosane , Floris Moreno , Banfi Michele , Oberrauch Ermanno , Marchizza Matteo , Malucelli Giulio , Tognola Guido , Castrovinci Andrea 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThis paper describes the development of a video acquisition system aimed at monitoring the surface growth of flame‐retarded polymers during flammability and combustion tests. The system minimizes the disturbances of the flames on the image sensors, thus gathering a video of the material surface. The device continuously records and quantitatively measures the carbonization front growth rate. The apparatus consists of a camera with customized lighting and dedicated software acquiring images of the burning specimen. The UL94 test procedure has been used during the development of the device and as test bed for the apparatus. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.