bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual nanoparticles effect on the frictional and vibrational dissipation behaviors of polymer‐based water‐lubricated bearing materials
Authors: Li Shifan , Dong Conglin , Yuan Chengqing , Bai Xiuqin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMarine water‐lubricated bearings have the advantages of environmental friendliness and long replacement cycle. However, when under the complex lubrication circumstance, the frictional and vibrational behaviors of water‐lubricated bearing always dissipate the mechanical energy output from the ship's diesel engine. Aiming at this problem and combining with previous research findings, in this paper, ceramic balls with similar mechanical properties to ship's main shaft were selected as the friction counterpart to simulate the operating conditions of marine water‐lubricated bearing. Meanwhile, dual nanoparticles of tungsten disulfide (WS2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were used to modify ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) bearing material. The tribological and vibrational properties of the prepared composites were carefully investigated. The results showed that compared to pure UHMWPE, with the synergistic effect of 0.75 wt% WS2 and 0.9 wt% TiO2, the frictional and vibrational behaviors of the composites were reduced by 43.3% and 42.7%. Mechanical testing and microscopic characterization revealed the enhancement mechanism of these nanoparticles on UHMWPE. This study proposed a design strategy on marine water‐lubricated bearings for engineering application.
Site Selection Criteria and Recommendations for the Restocking of Juveniles of River Prawn Cryphiops caementarius in the Semiarid Region of Chile: A Basin and Participatory Approach
Authors: Velásquez Carlos , Alanís Yeriko , Henríquez‐Antipa Luis , Cárcamo P. Francisco 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe fishery of the river prawn Cryphiops caementarius in semiarid basins of northern Chile constitutes a small‐scale artisanal activity, developed in fragmented habitats with extended periods of drought, which represents a severe threat for the conservation of its populations. Fishers filed an environmental complaint for massive prawn mortalities caused by river channellings in the Choapa River basin. The government promoted a participatory program with fishers to carry out a restocking initiative in this basin, releasing ~4000 hatchery reared juveniles. The aim of this study was to evaluate site selection criteria for the releases, which included ecological variables relevant to the life habits of juveniles. These criteria incorporated background of the natural history of the species, seasonal monitoring of habitat indicators (fluvial habitat index and hydraulic stress index) and recommendations of fishers (traditional ecological knowledge). This study demonstrated that the integration of these criteria and restocking sciences based on aquaculture is beneficial when selecting the release site, with a high coincidence of ecological characteristics for C. caementarius to thrive. The results of this experience are discussed, emphasizing the pioneering character of this type of measure in freshwater crustaceans in Chilean basins, the ecological framework used to responsibly assist these measures in basins with intense anthropogenic impacts and recommendations that allow the improvement of the releases and monitoring efforts of this species, considering the drought scenario that affects this region of Chile.
Late‐Stage Fluorination of Tyrosine Residues in Antiviral Protein Cyanovirin‐N
Authors: da Frota Lívia C. R. M. , Vasconcelos Ariana A. , Almeida Fábio C. L. , Finelli Fernanda G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe applications of fluorinated molecules in chemical biology are rapidly expanding driven by the unique properties of C−F bonds, leading to increased interest in methodologies for controlled introduction of this atom. In this study, we present the first method for late‐stage fluorination of tyrosine residues in proteins. Our results demonstrate that electrophilic fluorination using Selectfluor, a stable and non‐toxic reagent, offers a straightforward and cost‐effective method for labeling Cyanovirin‐N (CVN), a 101‐amino‐acid lectin with effective antiviral activity. Uni‐ and bidimensional 1H, 13C and 19F NMR analyses, along with mass spectrometry, revealed chemoselective fluorination of the three tyrosine residues in CVN without affecting its overall structure or mannose‐binding affinity. Additionally, we observed that other aromatic amino acids, such as tryptophan, phenylalanine, and histidine, are not fluorinated using this method. These findings advance our understanding of protein fluorination and its applications in studying structure, dynamics, and interactions, as well as other biological utilities.
Acute effects of exercise on gaze fixation and affective response inhibition in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized cross‐over study
Authors: Ludyga Sebastian , Bruggisser Fabienne , Leuenberger Rahel , Ishihara Toru , Kamijo Keita , Brotzmann Mark , Trescher Sarah , Förster Markus , Gerber Markus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show impairments in response inhibition, especially in socio‐emotional contexts. A single aerobic exercise session has the potential to temporarily reduce such impairments as findings from neurotypical children support acute benefits of this exercise type for inhibitory control and emotion recognition. In children with ASD, we therefore aimed to investigate the effects of an aerobic exercise bout on response inhibition in an emotional Go/NoGo task and gaze fixation as possible mechanism underlying changes in performance. Using a cross‐over design, 29 patients completed a 20‐min aerobic exercise bout at moderate intensity on a cycling ergometer and a control condition in a randomized order. An emotional Go/NoGo task was administered before and after both experimental conditions. Eye‐tracking was performed during the cognitive task to assess the duration of gaze fixation of eyes and mouth parts of faces expressing happy or sad emotions. The results support no beneficial effect of exercise on performance on the emotional Go/NoGo task. Instead, patients showed a greater decrease in accuracy on Go trials displaying happy faces in the exercise compared to the control condition. This change was associated with a more pronounced decrease in the fixation duration of the eyes for faces expressing either happy or sad emotions. In conclusion, while a single session of moderately intense aerobic exercise does not affect response inhibition, it temporarily aggravates ASD‐specific deficits in the processing of and response to facial emotions.
Discovery of fibroblast growth factor 2‐derived peptides for enhancing mice skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation
Authors: Fujii Itsuki , Kinoshita Remi , Akiyama Hirokazu , Nakamura Ayasa , Iwamori Kanako , Fukada So‐ichiro , Honda Hiroyuki , Shimizu Kazunori 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSkeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) are essential for muscle regeneration. Their proliferation and differentiation are influenced by fibroblast growth factor (FGF)‐2. In this study, we screened for FGF‐2‐derived peptides that promote SC proliferation. Utilizing photocleavable peptide array technology, a library of 7‐residue peptides was synthesized, and its effect on SC proliferation was examined using a mixture of five peptides. The results showed that peptides 1–5 (136%), 21–25 (136%), 26–30 (141%), 31–35 (159%), 71–75 (135%), 76–80 (144%), and 126–130 (137%) significantly increased SC proliferation. Further experiments revealed that peptide 33, CKNGGFF, enhanced SC proliferation. Furthermore, its extended form, peptide 33‐13, CKNGGFFLRIHPD, promoted SC proliferation and increased the percentage of Pax7‐positive cells, indicating that SCs were maintained in an undifferentiated state. The addition of FGF‐2 and peptide 33‐13 further induced cell proliferation but did not increase the percentage of Pax7‐positive cells. A proliferation assay using an FGF receptor (FGFR) inhibitor suggested that peptide 33‐13 acts through the FGFR‐mediated and other pathways. Although further research is necessary to explore the mechanisms of action of these peptides and their potential for in vivo and in vitro use, the high sequence conservation of peptides 33 and 33‐13 in FGF‐2 across multiple species suggests their broad application prospects in biomedical engineering and biotechnology.
Papaverine effect on superficial vein in thumb replantation procedure: A case study
Authors: AlSheryani Mahra , AlDhamin Ammar 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageTopical papaverine is an effective vasodilator that can be used for dilating small veins to accept venous couplers for thumb replantation. This technique corrects size mismatches for successful venous anastomosis and minimizes postoperative complications.AbstractThumb replantation is a complex microsurgical procedure used to restore function and appearance after amputation. A successful venous anastomosis is essential in replantations; however, venous couplers can mismatch the size of veins and lead to obstacles. A 26‐year‐old male presented with a left thumb amputation caused by an electric saw injury. The amputated thumb was preserved and replantation surgery was performed 9 h post‐injury. The digital artery and veins were repaired but a size mismatch was found between the only salvageable superficial vein (0.7 mm) and the smallest available venous coupler (1 mm). The vein was dilated to accept the coupler by a series of applications of topical papaverine (1 mg/mL). This allowed venous anastomosis to be accomplished in 25 min. Postoperative follow‐up showed good thumb function, sensation, and circulation. Venous anastomosis is vital in thumb replantation to avoid venous congestion hence survival of the replanted thumb. Venous couplers shorten operative time and decrease the risk of postoperative complications. Papaverine is a vasodilator and facilitates venous anastomosis when veins and couplers are mismatched. This case demonstrates how papaverine, a vasodilator, may be used to improve surgical outcome during thumb replantation when small veins prevent venous coupler use.
Lumbosacral tuft of hair as a key stigma for early detection of occult spinal dysraphism: A case report of diastematomyelia with tethered cord in a newborn
Authors: Farhadi Roya , Kazemi Seyed Amir , Godazandeh Farnaz 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageEarly detection of occult spinal dysraphism, such as diastematomyelia with tethered cord, is vital to prevent neurological damage. Though rarely diagnosed in the neonatal period, cutaneous stigmata can aid early identification. Utilizing neonatal ultrasound enables timely management and multidisciplinary intervention.
Rare calcifying fibrous pseudotumor of the peritoneum in an adult woman as a random finding during laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Topis Spyridon , Samaras Menelaos , Potiris Anastasios , Machairiotis Nikolaos , Drakakis Peter , Stavros Sofoklis 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageCalcifying fibrous pseudotumors (CFT) are rare benign lesions diagnosed by histological and immunohistochemical studies. Our case presents a rare detection of a CFT in the parietal peritoneum. These lesions can be falsely interpreted as myomas or adnexal masses and thus gynecologists should be aware of the existence of CFTs.
Artificial neural network model for extracting knowledge from the electro‐Fenton process for acid mine wastewater treatment
Authors: Maurya Anoop Kumar , Narayana Pasupuleti Lakshmi , Paturi Uma Maheshwera Reddy , Nagireddy Gari Subba Reddy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were employed to analyze the complex interactions between electro‐Fenton (EF) process variables (plate spacing, current intensity [CI], initial pH, aeration rate) and the Fe(II) and Mn(II) removal efficiency from wastewater. After experimenting with 69 different ANN architectures, the 4‐8‐8‐2 architecture was identified as more efficient, achieving higher accuracy (adj. R2 of 0.93 for Fe(II) and 0.96 for Mn(II)) than the published model. The research provides valuable insights into the correlation between EF process parameters and removal efficiency, guiding the optimization of wastewater treatment processes. Sensitivity analysis revealed that CI significantly affects Mn(II) and Fe(II) removal efficiency. A user‐friendly graphical interface was created based on the synaptic weights of the best model to enable practical predictions. It is designed to be accessible even to users without programing experience.
Fluid–structure interaction analysis of a healthy aortic valve and its surrounding haemodynamics
Authors: Yin Zhongjie , Armour Chlöe , Kandail Harkamaljot , O'Regan Declan P. , Bahrami Toufan , Mirsadraee Saeed , Pirola Selene , Xu Xiao Yun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe opening and closing dynamics of the aortic valve (AV) has a strong influence on haemodynamics in the aortic root, and both play a pivotal role in maintaining normal physiological functions of the valve. The aim of this study was to establish a subject‐specific fluid–structure interaction (FSI) workflow capable of simulating the motion of a tricuspid healthy valve and the surrounding haemodynamics under physiologically realistic conditions. A subject‐specific aortic root was reconstructed from magnetic resonance (MR) images acquired from a healthy volunteer, whilst the valve leaflets were built using a parametric model fitted to the subject‐specific aortic root geometry. The material behaviour of the leaflets was described using the isotropic hyperelastic Ogden model, and subject‐specific boundary conditions were derived from 4D‐flow MR imaging (4D‐MRI). Strongly coupled FSI simulations were performed using a finite volume‐based boundary conforming method implemented in FlowVision. Our FSI model was able to simulate the opening and closing of the AV throughout the entire cardiac cycle. Comparisons of simulation results with 4D‐MRI showed a good agreement in key haemodynamic parameters, with stroke volume differing by 7.5% and the maximum jet velocity differing by less than 1%. Detailed analysis of wall shear stress (WSS) on the leaflets revealed much higher WSS on the ventricular side than the aortic side and different spatial patterns amongst the three leaflets.
Meta‐Analysis of Noncompartmental Pharmacokinetic Parameters to Evaluate the Impact of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 Genetic Polymorphisms on Abrocitinib Exposure
Authors: Fostvedt Luke , Liu Jian , Wang Xiaoxing , Li Yinhua , Johnson Jillian , Wood Linda , Dowty Martin , Malhotra Bimal , Valdez Hernan , Nicholas Timothy , Xue Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAbrocitinib is a selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitor approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. It is metabolized primarily by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 (approximately 53%) and CYP2C9 (approximately 30%), which form 2 active metabolites. The pharmacologic activity of abrocitinib is attributable to the unbound exposures of abrocitinib and those metabolites with active moiety area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) considered the best measure of the total pharmacological effect. The effect of CYP2C19 and/or CYP2C9 genotypes on abrocitinib and active moiety exposures were evaluated using a meta‐analysis of the noncompartmental estimates of exposure pooled from 10 clinical studies. A linear mixed‐effects model was developed on the basis of the power model to evaluate the effect of CYP2C19 and/or CYP2C9 genotypes on exposure (i.e., abrocitinib AUC and peak plasma concentration, active moiety AUC and peak plasma concentration). The genotypes were evaluated individually and as a combined phenotype effect. When evaluating the poor metabolizers of CYP2C19 or CYP2C9 individually, the estimated increases were 44.9% and 42.0% in active moiety AUC, respectively. The combined phenotype models showed a 0.6% decrease, and 25.1% and 10.5% increases in the active moiety AUC for “elevated,” “mixed,” and “reduced” metabolizers, respectively. Overall, the active moiety exposures did not appear to be affected to a clinically meaningful extent by different genotypes of CYP2C19 and/or CYP2C9.
Secure access technology for industrial internet of things
Authors: Wang Bingquan , Peng Jin , Cui Meili 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhen terminal devices attempt to access the industrial internet of things (IIoT), preventing illegal access from untrusted terminals becomes challenging. This difficulty arises because most devices adopt the commonly used traditional methods of accessing the internet of things. To address this challenge, we propose a perception‐layer‐based IIoT trusted connection architecture, derived from the trusted connection architecture (TCA), and names it TCA‐IIoT. This architecture enables bidirectional identity and platform integrity authentication between access points and terminals, while also ensuring trusted authentication of IIoT terminal behavior. To validate the effectiveness of TCA‐IIoT, the paper details a simulation experiment. This experiment centers on evaluating the success rate of data transmission and measuring the average delay under various conditions, including scenarios with malicious nodes. The results of the study indicate that TCA‐IIoT markedly improves the security and reliability of IIoT networks, advancements that are vital for the sustainable development and broader application of these systems.
Preparation of Poly(allylamine Hydrochloride) Grafted Porous Boron Nitride Fibers for Efficient Cr(VI) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Wang Dong , Song Zirui , Cao Chaochao , Tang Chengchun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCr(VI) pollution poses great harm to the cyclic utilization of groundwater and surface water resources. Efficient adsorbent materials have great potential to change this situation and assist in the restoration of ecosystems. This work chooses porous boron nitride fibers (pBN) with stable physical and chemical properties as the matrix, 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as the coupling agent, and uses a one‐step crosslinking method to graft poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) onto pBN, forming pBN‐AS@PAH with fascinating Cr(VI) adsorption capacity. PAH is uniformly covered and modified on the surface of pBN, and the composite with high specific surface area (383.33 m2/g), large pore volume (0.37 cm3/g), and abundant amino groups. Its equilibrium adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) can reach up to 123.32 mg/g, and the adsorption behavior follows the quasi second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir model, indicating the chemical adsorption process of monolayer. The adsorption style belongs to a spontaneous exothermic process and has the optimal adsorption effect at a pH of ~2. Additionally, after cycling for 5 times, the decrease rate of adsorption capacity is less than 10 %, showing an excellent reusability.
Green Protocol For Synthesis of Cu2O@g‐C3N4 Photocatalysts For 1, 4 Radical Oxidative Addition of Trans Crotonaldehyde Under Visible Light Condition
Authors: Maru Bharat A. , Rao Vandana J. , Kane Sanjeev , Goutam U. K. , Modi Chetan K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUsing visible light conditions, we have developed a green protocol to prepare copper oxide‐doped graphitic carbon nitride (Cu2O@g‐C3N4) photocatalysts with varied ratios of g‐C3N4 nanosheets to copper oxide‐dopant (0.1 %, 0.5 %, 0.7 %, and 5 % respectively) and characterized through various physicochemical techniques. These photo‐responsive catalysts were used for the 1,4 radical oxidative addition of trans crotonaldehyde into β‐hydroxybutyric acid (BA) as a major product, utilizing 30 % hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and a white LED (Light Emitting Diode) source. Under the innoculous eco‐friendly stipulations, Cu2O@g‐C3N4 (5 %) exclusively promoted the aforementioned reaction leading to 99.85 % trans crotonaldehyde conversion with 66.57 %, 24.1 %, and 9.1 % selectivity for β‐hydroxybutyric acid, crotonic acid and subsequent radical synthesis, respectively.
Revealing Significant Electronic Effects on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction with Iron Porphyrins
Authors: Qin Haonan , Kong Jiafan , Peng Xinyang , Wang Zhimeng , Li Xialiang , Lei Haitao , Zhang Wei , Cao Rui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding electronic effects on catalysis from a mechanism point of view is of fundamental significance but is also challenging. We herein report on electronic effects on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with Fe porphyrins. By using FeIII tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP‐Fe) and FeIII tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (TPFP‐Fe), we showed their different electrochemical and chemical behaviors for ORR. Mechanism studies revealed that the FeIII‐superoxo species of TPP‐Fe can undergo smooth protonation with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) but the electron‐deficient FeIII‐superoxo species of TPFP‐Fe cannot be protonated with TFA. The FeIII‐superoxo reactivity difference between TPP‐Fe and TPFP‐Fe is the origin of their different catalytic ORR behaviors.
No sex‐dependent mortality in an amphibian upon infection with the chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Authors: Ujszegi János , Ujhegyi Nikolett , Balogh Emese , Mikó Zsanett , Kásler Andrea , Hettyey Attila , Bókony Veronika 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOne of the major factors driving the currently ongoing biodiversity crisis is the anthropogenic spread of infectious diseases. Diseases can have conspicuous consequences, such as mass mortality events, but may also exert covert but similarly severe effects, such as sex ratio distortion via sex‐biased mortality. Chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is among the most important threats to amphibian biodiversity. Yet, whether Bd infection can skew sex ratios in amphibians is currently unknown, although such a hidden effect may cause the already dwindling amphibian populations to collapse. To investigate this possibility, we collected common toad (Bufo bufo) tadpoles from a natural habitat in Hungary and continuously treated them until metamorphosis with sterile Bd culture medium (control), or a liquid culture of a Hungarian or a Spanish Bd isolate. Bd prevalence was high in animals that died during the experiment but was almost zero in individuals that survived until the end of the experiment. Both Bd treatments significantly reduced survival after metamorphosis, but we did not observe sex‐dependent mortality in either treatment. However, a small number of genotypically female individuals developed male phenotype (testes) in the Spanish Bd isolate treatment. Therefore, future research is needed to ascertain if larval Bd infection can affect sex ratio in common toads through female‐to‐male sex reversal.