bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Care quality and safety in long‐term aged care settings: A systematic review and narrative analysis of missed care measurements
Authors: Wang Xinxia , Rihari‐Thomas John , Bail Kasia , Bala Nina , Traynor Victoria 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo critically evaluate missed care measurement approaches and their application in long‐term aged care (LTAC) settings.DesignSystematic review using Tawfik's guideline.Data SourcesPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and ProQuest were searched. Supplemental searching was from reference lists of retrieved records, first authors' ORCID homepages and Google advanced search for grey literature. Search limitations were English language, published between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2022.Review MethodCOVIDENCE was utilized for screening, data extraction and quality appraisal. JBI Critical Appraisal Tools and COSMIN Risk of Bias Tool were used for quality appraisal. Data were summarized and synthesized using narrative analysis.ResultsTwenty‐four publications across 11 regions were included, with two principal methods of missed care measurement: modified standard scales and tailored specific approaches. They were applied inconsistently and generated diverse measurement outcomes. There were challenges even with the most commonly used tool, the BERNCA‐NH, including absence of high‐quality verification through comparative analysis against an established ‘gold standard’, reliance on self‐administration, incomplete assessment of constructs and inadequate exploration of psychometric properties.ConclusionGlobally, there are deficiencies in the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of the instruments measuring missed care in LTAC settings. Further research on theoretical and practical perspectives is required.ImplicationsFindings highlighted a critical need to establish a standardized, validated approach to measure missed care in LTAC settings. This review calls for collaborative efforts by researchers, clinical staff and policymakers to develop and implement evidence‐based practices as a way of safeguarding the well‐being of older clients living in LTAC settings.ImpactMeasurements of missed care in LTAC settings rely on adapting acute care tools. There is a critical gap in measuring missed care in LTAC settings. Developing a new tool could improve care quality and safety in LTAC settings globally.Reporting MethodAdhered to PRISMA guideline.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Interdisciplinary Delphi study by PROSEC North America: Recommendations on single indirect restorations made from ceramic and nonmetallic biomaterials for posterior teeth
Authors: Eggmann Florin , Orta Amelia L. , Abdulmajeed Awab , Att Wael , Beuer Florian , Bergler Michael , Blatz Markus B. , Brief Jakob , Castro Victor E. , Cooper Lyndon F. , Han Sean , Ortiz Miguel A. , Paravina Rade D. , Pizzi Peter , Tholey Michael J. , Conejo Julián 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis article puts forward consensus recommendations from PROSEC North America regarding single indirect restorations made from ceramic and nonmetallic biomaterials in posterior teeth.OverviewThe consensus process involved a multidisciplinary panel and three consensus workshops. A systematic literature review was conducted across five databases to gather evidence. The recommendations, informed by findings from systematic reviews and formulated based on a two‐phase e‐Delphi survey, emphasize a comprehensive treatment strategy that includes noninvasive measures alongside restorative interventions for managing dental caries and tooth wear. The recommendations advocate for selecting between direct and indirect restorations on a case‐by‐case basis, favoring inlays and onlays over crowns to align with minimally invasive dentistry principles. The recommendations highlight the critical role of selecting restorative biomaterials based on clinical performance, esthetic properties, and adherence to manufacturer guidelines. They emphasize the importance of precision in restorative procedures, including tooth preparation, impression taking, contamination control, and luting. Regular follow‐up and maintenance tailored to individual patient needs are crucial for the longevity of ceramic and nonmetallic restorations.ConclusionsThese PROSEC recommendations provide a framework for dental practitioners to deliver high‐quality restorative care, advocating for personalized treatment planning and minimally invasive approaches to optimize oral health outcomes.Clinical SignificanceThe PROSEC North America recommendations highlight the importance of minimally invasive techniques in posterior tooth restorations using ceramic and non‐metallic biomaterials. These principles prioritize tooth structure conservation and personalized treatment planning, essential for enhancing clinical outcomes and long‐term oral health.
Vaccine patterns among older adults with Guillain–Barré syndrome and matched comparators, 2006–2019
Authors: Eiffert Samantha R. , Kinlaw Alan C. , Sleath Betsy L. , Thorpe Carolyn T. , Traub Rebecca , Raman Sudha R. , Stürmer Til 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSome vaccines have a small risk of triggering Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), an autoimmune disorder where nerve damage leads to paralysis. There is a CDC precaution for patients whose GBS was associated with an influenza or tetanus toxoid‐containing vaccine (GBS occurring within 42 days following vaccination).MethodsWe described vaccine patterns before and after a GBS diagnosis with a matched cohort design in a 20% random sample of fee‐for‐service Medicare enrollees. We defined the index date as an ICD‐9‐CM or ICD‐10‐CM GBS diagnosis code in the primary position of an inpatient claim. We matched each GBS patient to five non‐GBS comparators on sex, exact age, racial and ethnic category, state of residence and the month of preventive health visits during baseline; used weighting to balance covariates; and measured frequency of vaccines received per 100 people during year before and after the index date using the weighted mean cumulative count (wMCC).ResultsWe identified 1567 patients with a GBS diagnosis with at least 1 year of prior continuous enrollment in Medicare A and B that matched to five comparators each. The wMCCs in the 1 year before the index date were similar for both groups, with a wMCC of 74 vaccines/100 people in the GBS group (95% CI 71, 77). Within 1 year after the index date, patients with GBS had received 26 vaccines/100 people (95% CI 23, 28), which was 41 fewer vaccines than matched non‐GBS comparators (95% CI −44, −38). Among GBS patients, 11% were diagnosed with GBS within 42 days after a vaccine.ConclusionsGBS diagnosis has a strong impact on reducing subsequent vaccination even though there is no warning or precaution about future vaccines for most patients diagnosed with GBS. These data suggest discordance between clinical practice and current vaccine recommendations.
STOP1 regulates CCX1‐mediated Ca2+ homeostasis for plant adaptation to Ca2+ deprivation
Authors: Tian Wen Hao , Cai Wen Yan , Zhu Chun Quan , Kong Ya Li , Cao Xiao Chuang , Zhu Lian Feng , Ye Jia Yuan , Zhang Jun Hua , Zheng Shao Jian 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTCalcium (Ca) is essential for plant growth and stress adaptation, yet its availability is often limited in acidic soils, posing a major threat to crop production. Understanding the intricate mechanisms orchestrating plant adaptation to Ca deficiency remains elusive. Here, we show that the Ca deficiency‐enhanced nuclear accumulation of the transcription factor SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1 (STOP1) in Arabidopsis thaliana confers tolerance to Ca deprivation, with the global transcriptional responses triggered by Ca deprivation largely impaired in the stop1 mutant. Notably, STOP1 activates the Ca deprivation‐induced expression of CATION/Ca2+ EXCHANGER 1 (CCX1) by directly binding to its promoter region, which facilitates Ca2+ efflux from endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol to maintain Ca homeostasis. Consequently, the constitutive expression of CCX1 in the stop1 mutant partially rescues the Ca deficiency phenotype by increasing Ca content in the shoots. These findings uncover the pivotal role of the STOP1‐CCX1 axis in plant adaptation to low Ca, offering alternative manipulating strategies to improve plant Ca nutrition in acidic soils and extending our understanding of the multifaceted role of STOP1.
Mapping wrist motion: 3D CT analysis after scapholunate ligament transection
Authors: Promny Dominik , Gill Dominik , Lyer Stefan , Alexiou Christoph , Buder Thomas , Neuhuber Winfried , Horch Raymund E. , Arkudas Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe injury of the scapholunate (SL) ligament is common in wrist traumas leading to pain and reduced wrist function. The wrist's unique joint design and possible underlying theories as the carpal row theory were subject to earlier investigations studying wrist kinematics. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of how SL ligament injuries affect wrist biomechanics is still lacking. Through a quantitative analysis of carpal bone motion patterns, we evaluated the impact on wrist kinematics occurring after SL ligament injury. We conducted a study using computer tomography imaging to analyse wrist kinematics after SL ligament transection in 21 fresh‐frozen anatomical specimens. The collected data were then transformed into 3D models, employing both standardized global and object coordinate systems. The study encompassed the evaluation of rotation and translation for each individual carpal bone, as well as the ulna, and all metacarpal bones in reference to the radius. The study showed a significant increase in rotation towards palmar (p < 0.01), particularly notable for the scaphoid, following transection of the SL ligament during palmar flexion. Ulnar deviation did not significantly affect rotation or translation, and radial deviation also showed no significant changes in rotation or translation. The study highlights the significance of the SL ligament in wrist kinematics, revealing that SL ligament tears lead to changes in wrist motion. While we observed significant rotational changes for the scaphoid, other carpal bones showed less pronounced alterations, emphasizing the complexity of wrist biomechanics.
Upper blepharoplasty in Asian population: A novel technique based on functional zoning and dynamic reconstruction with anatomical structure
Authors: Zhang Tiran , Liu Liqiang , Fan Jincai , Tian Jia , Yang Zengjie , Gan Cheng , Jiao Hu , Song Yingjie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDouble eyelid blepharoplasty is the most popular cosmetic operation in Asian population. Various surgical techniques have been developed in order to create dynamic eyelid folds with natural‐looking in recent years, but postoperative complications like so‐called sausage‐like appearance have not been resolved completely.AimsTo create natural‐looking dynamic folds, we propose a new method imitating the original anatomical structure of congenital double‐eyelid.Patients and MethodsEighty‐six patients who underwent the double‐eyelid surgery from June 1st, 2018 to October 31st, 2020 were included in this retrospective study, including 10 males and 76 females, aged 18–39 years (mean 27.4 ± 5.6 years). All the included patients received double eyelid surgery performed by the same senior doctor, using the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle‐releasing technique. Patient Reported Outcome Measures questionnaires were administrated to assess the severity of scarring, pain, and asymmetry, as well as functional and appearance issues. Surgical outcome was assessed through objective and subjective evaluation forms (PROM and patient satisfaction rate).ResultsAmong the 86 patients, 5 were lost during the follow‐up period. The absolute number of enrolled patients is 81. 91.36% of the enrolled patients reported minimal or non‐visible scarring at the double eyelid incision. As to functional and appearance issues, the main problem were asymmetry (12.35%) and the narrowing of the supratarsal crease width (8.64%). No supratarsal depression and “sausage‐like” appearance occurred in this study. 95.1% of patients reported either good or excellent outcome (mean score: 108 of 120) based on analysis of PROM results, and 96.3% of patients reported either high or very high satisfaction (mean score: 96 of 120) for the patient satisfaction assessment.ConclusionsThis new surgical method of double‐eyelid blepharoplasty provides comparatively safe and effective results.
AI assistance in aesthetic medicine–A consensus on objective medical standards
Authors: Frank Konstantin , Day Doris , Few Julius , Chiranjiv Chhabra , Gold Michael , Sattler Sonja , Kerscher Martina , Knoedler Leonard , Filippo Alexandre , Rzany Berthold , Cotofana Sebastian , Fabi Sabrina , Fritz Klaus , Peng Peter , Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima , Pooth Rainer , Huang Patrick 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAesthetic medicine has traditionally relied on clinical scales for the objective assessment of baseline appearance and treatment outcomes. However, the scales focus on limited aesthetic areas mostly and subjective interpretation inherent in these scales can lead to variability, which undermines standardization efforts.ObjectiveThe consensus meeting aimed to establish guidelines for AI application in aesthetic medicine.Materials and MethodsIn February 2024, the AI Consensus Group, comprising international experts in various specialties, convened to deliberate on AI in aesthetic medicine. The methodology included a pre‐consensus survey and an iterative consensus process during the meeting.ResultsAI's implementation in Aesthetic Medicine has achieved full consensus for enhancing patient assessment and consultation, ensuring standardized care. AI's role in preventing overcorrection is recognized, alongside the need for validated objective facial assessments. Emphasis is placed on comprehensive facial aesthetic evaluations using indices such as the Facial Aesthetic Index (FAI), Facial Youth Index (FYI), and Skin Quality Index (SQI). These evaluations are to be gender‐specific and exclude makeup‐covered skin at baseline. Age and gender, as well as patients' ancestral roots, are to be considered integral to the AI assessment process, underlining the move towards personalized, precise treatments.ConclusionThe consensus meeting established that AI will significantly improve aesthetic medicine by standardizing patient assessments and consultations, with a strong endorsement for preventing overcorrection and advocating for validated, objective facial assessments. Utilizing indices such as the FAI, FYI, and SQI allows for gender‐specific, age adjusted evaluations and insists on a makeup‐free baseline for accuracy.
Exploring the influencing factors on acne, melasma, and rosacea: A case–control study in China
Authors: Xia Qingyue , Wang Zhaopeng , Tang Yingdan , Luan Xingbao , Deng Tianxurun , Fan Lipan , Wu Hongjin , Li Yuan , Cui Xiaomei , Zhao Yang , Luo Dan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe severity and treatment response of acne, melasma, and rosacea may be influenced by various currently unclear internal and external factors. This study aimed to provide evidence to the influencing factors for the mentioned conditions through a real‐world case–control study.MethodsAn online survey consisting of 60 questions was implemented, collecting information on demographics, socioeconomics, genetic factors, lifestyle habits, environmental exposures, and skin care behaviors. Then we constructed univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Furthermore, we analyzed the dose–response relationship between exposure and outcome.ResultsA total of 399 individuals, including 94 acne patients, 107 melasma patients, and 91 rosacea patients were included. Acne and melasma were positively correlated with screen time (acne: odds ratio [OR]: 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25–4.02; melasma: OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.09–2.31), while exercise exerted a protective effect on both acne (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13–0.77) and melasma (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22–0.80) in a dose–response relationship. In addition, males were associated with an elevated risk of acne (OR: 6.62, 95% CI: 1.01–43.26). Aging (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.07–1.24) and irregular bowel movements (OR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.11–8.08) were independent risk factors for melasma. Rosacea was positively associated with BMI (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01–1.35).ConclusionIn our study, we highlighted exercise as an independent protective factor for both acne and melasma in a dose–response trend. Inversely, extended use of electronic equipment was independently associated with higher risks of acne and melasma. Rosacea, however, was more likely to be related with BMI.
Decreased incidence of peritoneal dialysis‐associated peritonitis in young children
Authors: Park Peong Gang , Ahn Yo Han , Kang Hee Gyung , Ha Il‐Soo 
Published: August 2024

AimPeritonitis is the most common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aimed to investigate changes in the incidence, risk factors, microbiology, and clinical outcomes of PD‐associated peritonitis in the past decades.MethodsThis was a retrospective study that included children who initiated chronic PD at our institution between 2000 and 2017. The patients were divided into two groups according to the year of initiation: those who initiated PD between 2000 and 2008 and those who initiated PD between 2009 and 2017. The incidence and characteristics of peritonitis were compared between the groups.ResultsA total of 184 patients with a median age of 10.2 years were included in this study. Of the patients, 92 experienced 210 episodes of peritonitis. The incidence rate of peritonitis decreased from 0.35 to 0.21 episodes/patient year during the study period (P = 0.001). During the 2000–2008 period, the 2‐year peritonitis‐free survival rate was significantly lower for patients under 2 years of age than for the other age groups (P = 0.004), whereas this was not observed during the 2009–2017 period. The multivariable Cox proportional hazard model showed that the <2 years age group had a significantly higher risk of developing peritonitis in the 2000–2008 period. However, this was not evident in the 2009–2017 period.ConclusionsThe incidence of PD‐associated peritonitis decreased, particularly in children under 2 years of age. Thus, younger age may not be a risk factor for PD‐associated peritonitis.
Underutilized Techniques and Underrepresented Samples in Educational Neuroscience Research: An Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Martinez‐Lincoln Amanda , Burgess Andrea N. , Cutting Laurie E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs the field of educational neuroscience continues to expand, novel neuroscientific methods are met with both exhilaration and concern. Further, students who experience the greatest educational disparities (e.g., students from diverse linguistic backgrounds) are often the least represented in educational research, calling into question the generalizability of results. The current special issue highlights the importance of the utilization of novel experimental methods and inclusion of underrepresented samples in educational neuroscience. In this introduction to the special issue, we emphasize the importance of these studies in moving the field forward. We also provide a review of the included studies, as well as summarize the implications of these included studies to in the field of educational neuroscience.
Vocal tract dynamics shape the formant structure of conditioned vocalizations in a harbor seal
Authors: Goncharova Maria , Jadoul Yannick , Reichmuth Colleen , Fitch W. Tecumseh , Ravignani Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFormants, or resonance frequencies of the upper vocal tract, are an essential part of acoustic communication. Articulatory gestures—such as jaw, tongue, lip, and soft palate movements—shape formant structure in human vocalizations, but little is known about how nonhuman mammals use those gestures to modify formant frequencies. Here, we report a case study with an adult male harbor seal trained to produce an arbitrary vocalization composed of multiple repetitions of the sound wa. We analyzed jaw movements frame‐by‐frame and matched them to the tracked formant modulation in the corresponding vocalizations. We found that the jaw opening angle was strongly correlated with the first (F1) and, to a lesser degree, with the second formant (F2). F2 variation was better explained by the jaw angle opening when the seal was lying on his back rather than on the belly, which might derive from soft tissue displacement due to gravity. These results show that harbor seals share some common articulatory traits with humans, where the F1 depends more on the jaw position than F2. We propose further in vivo investigations of seals to further test the role of the tongue on formant modulation in mammalian sound production.
Capillary adhesion of stick insects
Authors: Amador Guillermo J. , Klaassen van Oorschot Brett , Sen Uddalok , Karman Benjamin , Leenders Rutger 
Published: August 2024

AbstractScientific progress within the last few decades has revealed the functional morphology of an insect's sticky footpads—a compliant pad that secretes thin liquid films. However, the physico‐chemical mechanisms underlying their adhesion remain elusive. Here, we explore these underlying mechanisms by simultaneously measuring adhesive force and contact geometry of the adhesive footpads of live, tethered Indian stick insects, Carausius morosus, spanning more than two orders of magnitude in body mass. We find that the adhesive force we measure is similar to the previous measurements that use a centrifuge. Our measurements afford us the opportunity to directly probe the adhesive stress in vivo and use existing theory on capillary adhesion to predict the surface tension of the secreted liquid and compare it to previous assumptions. From our predictions, we find that the surface tension required to generate the adhesive stresses we observed ranges between 0.68 and 12 mN . The low surface tension of the liquid would enhance the wetting of the stick insect's footpads and promote their ability to conform to various substrates. Our insights may inform the biomimetic design of capillary‐based, reversible adhesives and motivate future studies on the physico‐chemical properties of the secreted liquid.
Histological characterization of downy mildew infection in wild rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia)
Authors: Pereira Ana L. , Scotti‐Campos Paula , Coelho Paula S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWild rocket downy mildew (DM), caused by oomycete Hyaloperonospora sp., is a widely spread disease reducing crop production and quality. New productive wild rocket varieties resistant to DM are crucial to control disease and ensure high quality leaves. A histological characterization of Hyaloperonospora sp. infection was performed in 11 wild rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) accessions with contrasting DM responses (R, resistant; PR, partially resistant; S, susceptible). Samples of infected cotyledons, first and second leaves of 14‐day‐old seedlings were collected at 3, 6, 9, 21 and 24 h post‐inoculation (hpi) and 7 days post‐inoculation (dpi) and stained for appressoria and haustoria observation and tissue necrosis evaluation. Occurrence of appressoria on host surfaces was higher in leaves compared with cotyledons but unrelated with DM resistance response. Haustoria growth in mycelium was delayed in R accessions from 3 hpi, and signs of cell hypersensitivity reaction were observed at 9 hpi. At 24 hpi, necrotic spots limited pathogen growth in resistant accessions, whilst mycelium invaded larger mesophyll areas and produced more haustoria in susceptible ones. At 7 dpi, sporulation was heavy in S, restricted to droplet deposition sites in PR, and did not occur in R hosts. A rapid response of R accessions resulted in slower mycelium growth and longer infection periods. These traits have important agronomic value and should be considered in germplasm selection for breeding programmes aimed at crop protection. A better understanding of the host response to DM infection will allow selection of more suitable wild rocket accessions in future breeding programmes.