bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic service function chain placement in mobile computing: An asynchronous advantage actor‐critic based approach
Authors: Jiang Heling , Xia Hai , Zare Mansoureh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) devices are constantly sending data to the cloud. The resource‐rich cloud computing paradigm provides users with significant potential to reduce costs and improve quality of service (QoS). However, the centralized architecture of cloud data centers and thousands of miles away from clients has reduced the efficiency of this paradigm in delay‐sensitive and real‐time applications. In order to get over these restrictions, fog computing was integrated into cloud computing as a new paradigm. Without using the cloud, fog computing can supply the resources needed for IoT devices at the network's edge. Delay is thereby decreased because processing, analysis, and storage are located closer to the clients and the areas where the data is created. In Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) networks, this study sets up an architecture based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to deliver online services to end users. We introduce a DRL‐based method named DPPR for Dynamic service function chain (SFC) Placement that uses Parallelized virtual network functions (VNFs) and seeks to optimize the long‐term expected cumulative Reward. Online service provider DPPR can accomplish processing acceleration through parallel VNF sharing. In addition, by extracting the distribution of initialized VNFs, DPPR improves the capacity to handle subsequent requests. The conducted simulations demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method, so that the average number of accepted requests is improved by about 11.7%.
Myelin basic protein mRNA levels affect myelin sheath dimensions, architecture, plasticity, and density of resident glial cells
Authors: Bagheri Hooman , Friedman Hana , Hadwen Amanda , Jarweh Celia , Cooper Ellis , Oprea Lawrence , Guerrier Claire , Khadra Anmar , Collin Armand , Cohen‐Adad Julien , Young Amanda , Victoriano Gerardo Mendez , Swire Matthew , Jarjour Andrew , Bechler Marie E. , Pryce Rachel S. , Chaurand Pierre , Cougnaud Lise , Vuckovic Dajana , Wilion Elliott , Greene Owen , Nishiyama Akiko , Benmamar‐Badel Anouk , Owens Trevor , Grouza Vladimir , Tuznik Marius , Liu Hanwen , Rudko David A. , Zhang Jinyi , Siminovitch Katherine A. , Peterson Alan C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMyelin Basic Protein (MBP) is essential for both elaboration and maintenance of CNS myelin, and its reduced accumulation results in hypomyelination. How different Mbp mRNA levels affect myelin dimensions across the lifespan and how resident glial cells may respond to such changes are unknown. Here, to investigate these questions, we used enhancer‐edited mouse lines that accumulate Mbp mRNA levels ranging from 8% to 160% of wild type. In young mice, reduced Mbp mRNA levels resulted in corresponding decreases in Mbp protein accumulation and myelin sheath thickness, confirming the previously demonstrated rate‐limiting role of Mbp transcription in the control of initial myelin synthesis. However, despite maintaining lower line specific Mbp mRNA levels into old age, both MBP protein levels and myelin thickness improved or fully normalized at rates defined by the relative Mbp mRNA level. Sheath length, in contrast, was affected only when mRNA levels were very low, demonstrating that sheath thickness and length are not equally coupled to Mbp mRNA level. Striking abnormalities in sheath structure also emerged with reduced mRNA levels. Unexpectedly, an increase in the density of all glial cell types arose in response to reduced Mbp mRNA levels. This investigation extends understanding of the role MBP plays in myelin sheath elaboration, architecture, and plasticity across the mouse lifespan and illuminates a novel axis of glial cell crosstalk.
Implementation of the pharmacovigilance database in the usage of antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital: A pilot study
Authors: Krushna Karri Juhu Kiran , Misra Arup Kumar , Saggurthi Pavani , Sharma Sushil , Madhavrao C. , Rangari Gaurav , Kutikuppala L. V. Simhachalam , Varshitha Golla 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) has evolved into a severe public health issue that defies all current control strategies and needs multidisciplinary, creative solutions. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities demand a set of tools and abilities that can be used by health systems. In view of the growing AMR and the difficulty for the surveillance of it in the developing country, this study was conducted to incorporate pharmacovigilance (PV) in the AMS program.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional pilot study was conducted to collect the PV database of antimicrobials induced adverse drug reactions (ADR) from the Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring Center (AMC) of the institute for a period of 2 months from August 2022 to September 2022. The information from the database was analyzed to estimate the usage of antibiotics from the PV database from AMC and classified it under the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical, to assess the rationality of the antimicrobial's usage based on “Access,” “Watch,” and “Reserve” (AWaRe) classification, and to assess the ADR of the antibiotics. The analysis was done by using the SPSS version 20.0 for Windows.ResultsThe results showed that the prevalence of ADRs were more in adults’ population with preponderance in female. The antibiotics usage was as per with World Health Organization standard and most of the antibiotics used were from the Access group of AWaRe classifications. Tetracyclines and penicillins were the most used antibiotic group of drugs. The number of patients included in the study was 70. Most of the causality assessment was “possible” (62.85%). In the study, almost 90% of the drug was withdrawn and 70% of the patients were in the recovering stage.ConclusionUsing existing PV approaches to address usage of antibiotics and AMR issues would allow PV to progress as a field, and governments will get a stronger return on their PV investments.
Reduced seasonal coronavirus incidence in high‐risk population groups during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Heiskanen Aliisa , Galipeau Yannick , Little Julian , Langlois Marc‐André , Cooper Curtis L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological data on seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs) may provide insight on transmission patterns and demographic factors that favor coronaviruses (CoVs) with greater disease severity. This study describes the incidence of CoVs in several high‐risk groups in Ottawa, Canada, from October 2020 to March 2022.MethodsSerological assays quantified IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2, HCoV‐OC43, HCoV‐NL63, HCoV‐HKU1, and HCoV‐229E. Incident infections were compared between four population groups: individuals exposed to children, transit users, immunocompromised, and controls. Associations between antibody prevalence indicative of natural infection and demographic variables were assessed using regression analyses.ResultsTransit users and those exposed to children were at no greater risk of infection compared to the control group. Fewer infections were detected in the immunocompromised group (p = .03). SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence was greater in individuals with low income and within ethnic minorities.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that nonpharmaceutical interventions intended to reduce SAR‐CoV‐2 transmission protected populations at high risk of exposure. The re‐emergence of sCoVs and other common respiratory viruses alongside SARS‐CoV‐2 may alter infection patterns and increase the risk in vulnerable populations.
Identification and role of differentially expressed genes/proteins between pulmonary tuberculosis patients and controls across lung tissues and blood samples
Authors: Li Qifeng , Maierheba Kuerbanjiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDifferentially expressed genes/proteins (DEGs/DEPs) play critical roles in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis and treatment. However, there is a scarcity of reports on DEGs/DEPs in lung tissues and blood samples in PTB patients.ObjectiveWe aim to identify the DEGs/DEPs in lung tissues and blood samples of PTB patients and investigate their roles in PTB.Materials and MethodsThe lung granulomas and normal tissues were collected from PTB patients for proteomic and transcriptomic analyses. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses annotated the functions of DEGs/DEPs. The GSE107994 data set was downloaded to identify the DEGs/DEPs in peripheral blood. The common DEGs and DEPs were identified. A nomogram was established. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted.ResultsEighty‐three DEGs/DEPs were identified. These DEGs/DEPs were mainly enriched in the movement of cell or subcellular components, regulation of cellular component biogenesis, and actin filament‐based process as well as in the pathways of inositol phosphate metabolism, adherens junction, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, leukocyte transendothelial migration, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and tight junction. There were eight common DEGs/DEPs (TYMP, LAP3, ADGRL2, SIL1, LMO7, SULF 1, ANXA3, and PACSIN3) between the lung tissues and blood samples. They were effective in predicting tuberculosis. Moreover, the activated dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and regulatory T cells were significantly positively correlated with TYMP (r > .50), LAP3 (r > .50), SIL1 (r > .50), ANXA3 (r > .5), and PACSIN3 (r < .50), while negatively correlated with LMO7 (r < −0.50) (p < .05). ADGRL2 and SULF1 did not have a significant correlation (p > .05).LimitationsThe sample size was small.ConclusionsEight common DEGs/DEPs of lung tissues and blood samples were identified. They were correlated with immune cells and demonstrated predictive value for PTB. Our data may facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of PTB.
Multi‐class financial distress prediction based on stacking ensemble method
Authors: Chen Xiaofang , Wu Chong , Zhang Zijiao , Liu Jiaming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe motivation of this article is to help financial soundness companies understand their specific financial status so that they can take timely measures to avoid financial distress. Existing multi‐class financial distress prediction (FDP) studies have mainly segmented financial crisis status, with less attention paid to financial soundness companies. To fill this gap, we propose a new multi‐class definition of FDP from the perspective of financial soundness enterprises. The financial states are defined as financial soundness, moderate financial soundness, mild financial soundness and financial distress. We propose a stacking ensemble model for multi‐class FDP. First, deep neural network, multinomial logit regression (MNLogit) and multivariate discriminant analysis models are used as basic classifiers to obtain preliminary prediction results. Second, MNLogit is used to integrate the results from the previous step. To increase the effective information, stock information is then added into the model. The proposed model was trained using data from 2007 to 2019 for Chinese listed companies and tested using data from 2020. The results show that the MacroR‐Pre, MacroR‐Rec, MacroR‐F1 and MacroR‐AUC of the proposed model are better compared with the benchmark model, including individuals and ensembles, with 87.05%, 90.68%, 88.70% and 88.20%.The addition of stock information and non‐financial indicators can improve the accuracy of the multi‐class FDP model by about 8%. The innovativeness of this paper is twofold. First, it proposes a new multi‐class definition of enterprise financial status. Second, a multi‐class FDP based on stacking is constructed, which provides a new method for solving the multi‐class FDP problem. The study shows that the proposed multi‐class definition and stacking model are suitable for analysing financial soundness enterprises, which can help managers effectively grasp the specific financial status and have strong practical significance.
Ultra‐low power consumption flexible sensing electronics by dendritic bilayer MoS2
Authors: Luo Lei , Gao Jiuwei , Zheng Lu , Li Lei , Li Weiwei , Xu Manzhang , Jiang Hanjun , Li Yue , Wu Hao , Ji Hongjia , Dong Xuan , Zhao Ruoqing , Liu Zheng , Wang Xuewen , Huang Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) are promising as sensing materials for flexible electronics and wearable systems in artificial intelligence, tele‐medicine, and internet of things (IoT). Currently, the study of 2D TMDs‐based flexible strain sensors mainly focuses on improving the performance of sensitivity, response, detection resolution, cyclic stability, and so on. There are few reports on power consumption despite that it is of significant importance for wearable electronic systems. It is still challenging to effectively reduce the power consumption for prolonging the endurance of electronic systems. Herein, we propose a novel approach to realize ultra‐low power consumption strain sensors by reducing the contact resistance between metal electrodes and 2D MoS2. A dendritic bilayer MoS2 has been designed and synthesized by a modified CVD method. Large‐area edge contact has been introduced in the dendritic MoS2, resulting in decreased the contact resistance significantly. The contact resistance can be down to 5.4 kΩ μm, which is two orders of magnitude lower than the conventional MoS2 devices. We fabricate a flexible strain sensor, exhibiting superior sensitivity in detecting strains with high resolution (0.04%) and an ultra‐low power consumption (33.0 pW). This study paves the way for future wearable and flexible sensing electronics with high sensitivity and ultra‐low power consumption.image
5‐ALA mediated photodynamic therapy increases natural killer cytotoxicity against oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Molon Angela Cristina , Heguedusch Daniele , Nunes Fabio Daumas , Cecatto Rebeca Boltes , dos Santos Franco Adriana Lino , de Oliveira Rodini Pegoraro Camila , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) constitutes over 90% of oral cancers, known for its aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising adjuvant therapy and is linked to immunogenic cell death, activating innate and adaptive anti‐tumor responses. Natural Killer (NK) cells, key players in malignant cell elimination, have not been extensively studied in PDT. This study evaluates whether PDT increases OSCC cell lines' susceptibility to NK cell cytotoxicity. PDT, using 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) and LED irradiation, was applied to Ca1 and Luc4 cell lines. Results showed a dose‐dependent viability decrease post‐PDT. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of NK cell‐activating ligands (ULBP1‐4, MICA/B) and decreased MHC class I expression in Ca1, suggesting increased NK cell susceptibility. Enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity was confirmed in Ca1 but not in Luc4 cells. These findings indicate that PDT may enhance NK cell‐mediated cytotoxicity in OSCC, offering potential for improved treatment strategies.
The synergistic effect of photodynamic and sonodynamic inactivation against Candida albicans biofilm
Authors: Gomes Guimarães Gabriela , Alves Fernanda , Gonçalves Isabella , Silva e Carvalho Iago , Toneth Ponce Ayala Erika , Pratavieira Sebastião , Salvador Bagnato Vanderlei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCandida albicans biofilm can cause diseases that are resistant to conventional antifungal agents. Photodynamic (PDI), sonodynamic (SDI), and sonophotodynamic (SPDI) inactivation have arisen as promising antimicrobial strategies. This study evaluated these treatments mediated by curcumin against C. albicans biofilms. For this, C. albicans biofilms were submitted to PDI, SDI, or SPDI with different light and ultrasound doses, then, the viability assay was performed to measure the effectiveness. Finally, a mathematical model was suggested to fit acquired experimental data and understand the synergistic effect of light and ultrasound in different conditions. The results showed that SPDI, PDI, and SDI reduced the viability in 6 ± 1; 1 ± 1; and 2 ± 1 log, respectively, using light at 60 J/cm2, ultrasound at 3 W/cm2, and 80 μM of curcumin. The viability reduction was proportional to the ultrasound and light doses delivered. These results encourage the use of SPDI for the control of microbial biofilm.
Efficient synthetic strategies for fused pyrimidine and pyridine derivatives: A review
Authors: Anjirwala Sharmil N. , Patel Saurabh K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPyrimidine and its derivatives play a paramount role in drug discovery as privileged pharmacophores with considerable chemical and biological significance and its presence in genes. This review aims to assemble a systematic evaluation of synthetic tactics of various fused pyrimidine derivatives containing nitrogen heterocycles such as pyridopyridines, pyridopyrimidines, and pyrimidopyrimidine from a pharmacological point of view and deliver an overview of methodologies presenting the chemistry of fused pyrimidine derivatives. The review details the importance of various catalysts and ring substitution using various electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents. These synthetic strategies were elaborated based on the different synthetic routes that lead to the specific type of pyrimidine and pyridine fused derivatives. The literature accumulates various developments in one‐pot condensation, the Knoevenagel–Michael addition mechanism, microwave and ultrasound irradiation, intramolecular cyclization, nano‐catalytic reactions, and so forth. Short reaction times, catalyst reusability, solvent‐free conditions, excellent yields, and stereo‐selectivity are some of the benefits of certain synthetic approaches.
Microwave assisted synthesis, acetylcholinesterase inhibition and molecular docking studies of furo[2,3‐d]pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐one derivatives
Authors: Yalduz Sümeyye , Sarı Sait , Yılmaz Mehmet 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA series of phenyl, substituted phenyl and thiophene bearing dihydrofuropyrimidin‐4‐ones (3a‐p) were synthesized by Mn(OAc)3 mediated, microwave irradiated radical cyclizations of 2‐hydroxy‐pyridopyrimidin‐4‐one derivatives (1a‐j) with substituted phenylvinylthiophenes (2a‐c) at 70°C in 2 min. Compounds 3a‐j was obtained between 28% and 66% yields. Molecular structures of 3a‐p were determined by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, FTIR and HRMS techniques. Inhibitory activity of 3a‐p were evaluated against Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and inhibition results of these compounds showed that the compounds had good inhibition with IC50 values between 0.52 and 3.77 μM. In addition, molecular docking studies were carried out on the most potent inhibitory compounds 3d (IC50 = 0.64 μM), 3p (IC50 = 0.52 μM) and standart drug Donepezil. The binding energies for 3d, 3p and Donepezil are −9.12, −10.08 and −12.65 Kcal/mol, respectively. Based on these results, it was determined that, compounds 3d and 3p are promising AChE inhibitors.
Improving radiology information systems for inclusivity of transgender and gender‐diverse patients: what are the problems and what are the solutions? A systematic review
Authors: Ho Nathan , Williams Ally , Sun Zhonghua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn medical radiation science (MRS), radiology information systems (RISs) record patient information such as name, gender and birthdate. The purpose of RISs is to ensure the safety and well‐being of patients by recording patient data accurately. However, not all RISs appropriately capture gender, sex or other related information of transgender and gender‐diverse (TGD) patients, resulting in non‐inclusive and discriminatory care. This review synthesises the research surrounding the limitations of RISs preventing inclusivity and the features required to support inclusivity and improve health outcomes.MethodsStudies were retrieved from three electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed and Embase). A quality assessment was performed using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence‐Based Practice Research and Non‐Research Evidence Appraisal Tools. A thematic analysis approach was used to synthesise the included articles.ResultsEighteen articles were included based on the predetermined eligibility criteria. The pool of studies included in this review comprised primarily of non‐research evidence and reflected the infancy of this research field and the need for further empirical evidence. The key findings of this review emphasise how current systems do not record the patient's name and pronouns appropriately, conflate sex and gender and treat sex and gender as a binary concept.ConclusionFor current systems to facilitate inclusivity, they must implement more comprehensive information and data models incorporating sex and gender and be more flexible to accommodate the transient and fluid nature of gender. However, implementation of these recommendations is not without challenges. Additionally, further research focused on RISs is required to address the unique challenges MRS settings present to TGD patients.
Relaxing into differences and energizing into differences: How group‐based play enables demographically diverse adults to co‐create a climate of psychological safety
Authors: Ubaka Adaora , Cardador M. Teresa , Wayne Sandy J. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryPsychological safety is a beneficial social‐psychological state that promotes positive outcomes in the workplace, such as greater information sharing and enhanced organizational learning. Yet, how psychological safety dynamically develops as a process in groups generally and in demographically diverse groups particularly is understudied. Moreover, there is an insufficient understanding of how peer group members—group members who are not the leader—influence the progression and maintenance of psychological safety. We address these theoretical gaps through an inductive, qualitative study of a group‐based play context. Grounded in data collected from 97 participants, including 56 interviews and 70 h of participant observation, we build a theory that illuminates how psychological safety is co‐created through peer group member interactions during group‐based play. We find that the opportunities afforded by group‐based play disrupt exclusionary dynamics among demographically diverse adults and permit them to shift their relational risk motivation from pursuing goals of individualized self‐protection to pursuing goals of relationship promotion with one another. This breaking out of default, protective relational patterns during group play enables diverse group members to have a greater willingness to (1) engage in relational risk‐taking with each other and (2) support each other's relational risk‐taking—a process we refer to as the relational risk promotion cycle. As diverse group members relationally play off of one another during this cycle, they begin to co‐create a climate of psychological safety, in which they experience discrete events of relaxing and energizing into their differences. Our research makes theoretical contributions to the literatures on psychological safety, diversity in groups and play in organizations. Additionally, our findings suggest a critical role for leaders in which they are not solely creating the conditions for group psychological safety but supporting group members in working together to co‐create a climate of psychological safety for themselves.