bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of ovarian cancer using artificial intelligence tools
Authors: Ayyoubzadeh Seyed Mohammad , Ahmadi Marjan , Yazdipour Alireza Banaye , Ghorbani‐Bidkorpeh Fatemeh , Ahmadi Mahnaz 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeOvarian cancer is a common type of cancer and a leading cause of death in women. Therefore, accurate and fast prediction of ovarian tumors is crucial. One of the appropriate and precise methods for predicting and diagnosing this cancer is to build a model based on artificial intelligence methods. These methods provide a tool for predicting ovarian cancer according to the characteristics and conditions of each person.MethodIn this study, a data set included records related to 171 cases of benign ovarian tumors, and 178 records related to cases of ovarian cancer were analyzed. The data set contains the records of blood test results and tumor markers of the patients. After data preprocessing, including removing outliers and replacing missing values, the weight of the effective factors was determined using information gain indices and the Gini index. In the next step, predictive models were created using random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), decision trees (DT), and artificial neural network (ANN) models. The performance of these models was evaluated using the 10‐fold cross‐validation method using the indicators of specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Finally, by comparing the performance of the models, the best predictive model of ovarian cancer was selected.ResultsThe most important predictive factors were HE4, CA125, and NEU. The RF model was identified as the best predictive model, with an accuracy of more than 86%. The predictive accuracy of DT, SVM, and ANN models was estimated as 82.91%, 85.25%, and 79.35%, respectively. Various artificial intelligence (AI) tools can be used with high accuracy and sensitivity in predicting ovarian cancer.ConclusionTherefore, the use of these tools can help specialists and patients with early, easier, and less expensive diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Future studies can leverage AI to integrate image data with serum biomarkers, thereby facilitating the creation of novel models and advancing the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.
Root cause analysis and strategies for reducing falls among inpatients in healthcare facilities: A narrative review
Authors: Lakbala Parvin , Bordbar Najmeh , Fakhri Yadolah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsRoot Cause Analysis (RCA) is a systematic process which can be applied to analyze fall incidences in reactive manner to identify contributing factors and propose actions for preventing future falls. To better understand cause of falls and effective interventions for their reduction we conducted a narrative review of RCA and Strategies for Reducing Falls among Inpatients in Healthcare Facilities.MethodsIn this narrative review, databases including Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane, and PubMed were searched to obtain the related literature published. Databases were searched from January 2005 until the end of March 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used for quality assessment of articles. To analyze the data, a five‐stage framework analysis method was utilized.ResultsSeven articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were identified for this study. All of the selected studies were interventional in nature and employed the RCA method to ascertain the underlying causes of inpatient falls. The root causes discovered for falls involved patient‐related factors (37.5%), environmental factors (25%), organizational and process factors (19.6%), staff and communication factors (17.9%). Strategies to reduce falls involved environmental measures and physical protection (29.4%), identifying, and displaying the causes of risk (23.5%), education and culturalization (21.6%), standard fall risk assessment tool (13.7%), and supervision and monitoring (11.8%).Conclusionthe findings identify the root causes of falls in inpatient units and provide guidance for successful action plan execution. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of considering the unique characteristics of healthcare organizations and adapting interventions accordingly for effectiveness in different settings.
Machine learning‐based streamflow forecasting using CMIP6 scenarios: Assessing performance and improving hydrological projections and climate change
Authors: Kartal Veysi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWater is essential for humans as well as for all living organisms to sustain their lives. Therefore, any climate‐driven change in available resources has significant impacts on the environment and life. Global climate models (GCMs) are one of the most practical methods to evaluate climate change. Based on this, this research evaluated the capability of GCMs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) to reproduce the historical flow of climate prediction centre data for the Konya Closed basin and to project the climate of the basin using the selected GCMs. Global climate models based on the CMIP6 under the scenario of common socioeconomic pathways (SSP245 and SSP 585) were used to analyse the climate change effect on streamflow of the study area by Bias Correction of GCM Models using Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting, Regression Tree, and Random Forest methods. The coefficient of determination (R2), mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE) were used to assess the performance of the methods. Findings show that the Random Forest Model consistently outperformed other models in both the testing and training phases. A significant downward in the volume of water flowing through the region's rivers and streams in the next decades. It is critical to enhance climate‐resilient water infrastructure financing, establish an early warning system for drought, introduce best management practices, implement integrated water resource management, public awareness, and support water research to alleviate the negative consequences of drought and increase resilience against the effects of climate change on Turkey's water resources.
Hydrochemical evolution and hydrological zoning characteristics of a shallow groundwater system in Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain
Authors: Guo Xiaojiao , Wang Wenzhong , Shi Jiansheng , Chen Zongyu , Guo Jiao , Wang Huiwei , Liu Wen , Miao Ying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA comprehensive understanding of the hydrochemical evolution and spatial patterns of shallow groundwater systems is essential for water resource management and wetland ecological restoration. The Baiyangdian Wetland is one of the most concerning areas because of the development of the Xiong'an New Area. The spatial characteristics of groundwater hydrochemistry and potential controlling factors associated with hydrochemical evolution remain unclear. In this study, hydrogeochemistry together with the hierarchical cluster analysis were used to elucidate the hydrochemical processes and hydrological zoning patterns of shallow groundwater systems in the Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain. The results showed that hydrochemical compositions of shallow groundwater had considerable spatial variations, which was closely related to the inflow rivers hydrochemistry and the dynamics of groundwater–surface water interactions. A significant increase in SO42− concentration occurring at the cone of the depression was related to extensive pumping caused by anthropogenic activities. Anthropogenic activities were also a major factor controlling the spatial distribution patterns of shallow groundwater hydrochemistry. Ca2+, Mg2+, and SO42− in the wetland and shallow groundwater were primarily derived from carbonate and gypsum dissolution, while Na+ and Cl− originated from halite and silicate dissolution. Rock weathering predominated the geochemical evolution of shallow groundwater in conjunction with carbonate precipitation and cation exchange. The hydrochemistry of the shallow groundwater system presented distinct spatial zonation patterns that were classified into four clusters corresponding to seven subzones. In Zones I–IV, water‐rock interaction was the dominant factor controlling shallow groundwater chemistry, which was driven by the positive groundwater–surface water exchange. The coupled effects of anthropogenic activities and river infiltration and mixing caused the high levels of dissolved components in Zones V–VII. This study contributes to have a better understanding of the water cycle and hydraulic connections among different bodies, and will benefit the rational evaluation of hydrochemical evolution and wetland ecological restoration in the Baiyangdian Wetland.
Raman spectroscopic analysis of human blood serum of glaucoma patients supplemented with macular pigment carotenoids
Authors: Udensi Joy , Loskutova Ekaterina , Loughman James , Byrne Hugh J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs all major dietary carotenoids are contained in blood, it is a suitable substrate to evaluate their content, in vivo. Following 18‐month supplementation of open‐angle glaucoma patients with macula‐pigment carotenoids (Lutein, Zeaxanthin and Meso‐Zeaxanthin) in the European Nutrition in Glaucoma Management trial, Raman spectroscopic analysis of the carotenoid content of pre‐ and post‐supplementation participant blood serum was carried out, to investigate the systemic impact of the supplementation regimen and explore a more direct way of quantifying this impact using routine blood tests. Using a 532 nm laser source for optimal response, a consistent increase in serum carotenoid concentration was observed in the supplemented serum, highest in patients with initial high baseline carotenoid content. A shift in the 1519 cm−1 carotenoid peak also revealed differences in the carotenoid structural profile of the two groups. The findings highlight the potential of Raman spectroscopy toquantify and differentiate carotenoids directly in blood serum.
Non‐invasive screening of bladder cancer using digital microfluidics and FLIM technology combined with deep learning
Authors: Su Wenhua , Xu Chenyang , Hu Jinzhong , Chen Qiushu , Yang Yuwei , Ji Mingmei , Fei Yiyan , Ma Jiong , Jiang Haowen , Mi Lan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNon‐invasive screening for bladder cancer is crucial for treatment and postoperative follow‐up. This study combines digital microfluidics (DMF) technology with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for urine analysis and introduces a novel non‐invasive bladder cancer screening technique. Initially, the DMF was utilized to perform preliminary screening and enrichment of urine exfoliated cells from 54 participants, followed by cell staining and FLIM analysis to assess the viscosity of the intracellular microenvironment. Subsequently, a deep learning residual convolutional neural network was employed to automatically classify FLIM images, achieving a three‐class prediction of high‐risk (malignant), low‐risk (benign), and minimal risk (normal) categories. The results demonstrated a high consistency with pathological diagnosis, with an accuracy of 91% and a precision of 93%. Notably, the method is sensitive for both high‐grade and low‐grade bladder cancer cases. This highly accurate non‐invasive screening method presents a promising approach for bladder cancer screening with significant clinical application potential.
Licochalcone D exhibits cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells and enhances tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand‐induced apoptosis through upregulation of death receptor 5
Authors: Zhang Yunyun , Wang Linlin , Dong Chuxuan , Zhuang Yahui , Hao Gangping , Wang Fengze 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnticancer strategies using natural products or derivatives are promising alternatives for cancer treatment. Here, we showed that licochalcone D (LCD), a natural flavonoid extracted from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, suppressed the growth of breast cancer cells, and was less toxic to MCF‐10A normal breast cells. LCD‐induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, LCD potentiated tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL)‐induced cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, LCD was revealed to reduce survival protein expression and to upregulate death receptor 5 (DR5) expressions. Silencing DR5 blocked the ability of LCD to sensitize cells to TRAIL‐mediated apoptosis. LCD increased CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression in breast cancer cells. Knockdown of CHOP attenuated DR5 upregulation and apoptosis triggered by cotreatment with LCD and TRAIL. Furthermore, LCD suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase and promoted the phosphorylation of c‐Jun amino‐terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK). Pretreatment with JNK inhibitor SP600125 or p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 abolished the upregulation of DR5 and CHOP, and also attenuated LCD plus TRAIL‐induced cleavage of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase. Overall, our results show that LCD exerts cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells and arguments TRAIL‐mediated apoptosis by inhibiting survival protein expression and upregulating DR5 in a JNK/p38 MAPK‐CHOP‐dependent manner.
NAMPT enhances LOX expression and promotes metastasis in human chondrosarcoma cells by inhibiting miR‐26b‐5p synthesis
Authors: Lin Chih‐Yang , Law Yat‐Yin , Yu Cheng‐Chieh , Wu Yu‐Ying , Hou Sheng‐Mou , Chen Wei‐Li , Yang Shang‐Yu , Tsai Chun‐Hao , Lo Yuan‐Shun , Fong Yi‐Chin , Tang Chih‐Hsin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChondrosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that emerges from abnormalities in cartilaginous tissue and is related with lung metastases. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is an adipocytokine reported to enhance tumor metastasis. Our results from clinical samples and the Gene Expression Omnibus data set reveal that NAMPT levels are markedly higher in chondrosarcoma patients than in normal individuals. NAMPT stimulation significantly increased lysyl oxidase (LOX) production in chondrosarcoma cells. Additionally, NAMPT increased LOX‐dependent cell migration and invasion in chondrosarcoma by suppressing miR‐26b‐5p generation through the c‐Src and Akt signaling pathways. Overexpression of NAMPT promoted chondrosarcoma metastasis to the lung in vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of LOX counteracted NAMPT‐facilitated metastasis. Thus, the NAMPT/LOX axis presents a novel target for treating the metastasis of chondrosarcoma.
Teaching the way I wish I was taught: Design and implementation of a class on historically excluded and underrepresented scientists
Authors: Milligan‐McClellan Kathryn C. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the first Inupiaq person to earn a PhD in microbiology, I learned the hard way that groups of people have been excluded from science, technology, engineering and mathematics in the United States since the first University was built by Black and Indigenous slaves. Students from historically excluded and underrepresented (HEU) backgrounds typically do not see themselves in textbooks, conferences, or classrooms, especially in science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine (STEMM) fields. Similarly, students from these backgrounds and non‐excluded backgrounds typically do not understand the history or consequences of exclusion. Here I describe the development and implementation of a class that teaches undergraduate students about the current state of diversity in STEMM jobs in the US, the history of exclusion that resulted in a deficit of people from various backgrounds, the consequences of excluding these people from research specifically, current leaders in research from HEU backgrounds, and how to implement changes. The students are taught how to communicate their findings in oral and written communication to various audiences. Based on decades of experiences, discussions, readings, and more, I teach students the reasons there are so few people from HEU backgrounds in academia and in STEMM specifically, and what can be done at the University level to ensure that people from all backgrounds are represented in STEMM. In this way, I teach students what I wish I had been taught decades ago.
Characterisation of extracellular vesicles in baculovirus infection of Spodoptera frugiperda cells
Authors: Van Es Lex J. C. , Possee Robert D. , King Linda A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAutographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is an enveloped DNA virus of the Baculoviridae family. This baculovirus is widely exploited for the biological control of insect pest species and as an expression platform to produce recombinant proteins in insect cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by all cells and are involved in key roles in many biological processes through their cargo consisting of proteins, RNA or DNA. In viral infections, EVs have been found to transfer both viral and cellular cargo that can elicit either a pro‐ or antiviral response in recipient cells. Here, small EVs (sEVs) released by Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf) insect cells were characterised for the first time. Using S. frugiperda (SfC1B5) cells stably expressing the baculovirus gp64, the viral envelope protein GP64 was shown to be incorporated into sEVs. Sf9 cells were also transfected with a bacmid AcMNPV genome lacking p6.9 (AcΔP6.9) to prevent budded virus production. The protein content of sEVs from both mock‐ and AcΔP6.9‐transfected cells were analysed by mass spectrometry. In addition to GP64, viral proteins Ac‐F, ME‐53 and viral ubiquitin were identified, as well as many host proteins including TSG101—which may be useful as a protein marker for sEVs.
A characterization of regular partial cubes whose all convex cycles have the same lengths
Authors: Xie Yan‐Ting , Feng Yong‐De , Xu Shou‐Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPartial cubes are graphs that can be isometrically embedded into hypercubes. Convex cycles play an important role in the study of partial cubes. In this paper, we prove that a regular partial cube is a hypercube (resp., a Doubled Odd graph, an even cycle of length where ) if and only if all its convex cycles are 4‐cycles (resp., 6‐cycles, ‐cycles). In particular, the partial cubes whose all convex cycles are 4‐cycles are equivalent to almost‐median graphs. Therefore, we conclude that regular almost‐median graphs are exactly hypercubes, which generalizes the result by Mulder—regular median graphs are hypercubes.
Systematic review of MRI safety literature in relation to radiofrequency thermal injury prevention
Authors: Baker Cassandra , Nugent Barbara , Grainger David , Hewis Johnathan , Malamateniou Christina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a rapidly evolving modality, generally considered safe due to lack of ionising radiation. While MRI technology and techniques are improving, many of the safety concerns remain the same as when first established. Patient thermal injuries are the most frequently reported adverse event, accounting for 59% of MRI incidents to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Surveys indicate many incidents remain unreported. Patient thermal injuries are preventable and various methods for their mitigation have been published. However, recommendations can be variable, fragmented and confusing.The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the evidence on MRI safety and associated skin injuries and offer comprehensive recommendations for radiographers to prevent skin thermal injuries.MethodsFour journal databases were searched for sources published January 2010–May 2023, presenting information on MRI safety and thermal injuries.ResultsOf 26,801 articles returned, after careful screening and based on the eligibility criteria, only 79 articles and an additional 19 grey literature sources were included (n = 98). Included studies were examined using thematic analysis to determine if holistic recommendations can be provided to assist in preventing skin burns. This resulted in three simplified recommendations:Remove any electrically conductive itemsInsulate the patient to prevent any conductive loops or contact with objectsCommunicate regularlyConclusionBy implementing the above recommendations, it is estimated that 97% of skin burns could be prevented. With thermal injuries continuing to impact MRI safety, strategies to prevent skin burns and heating are essential. Assessing individual risks, rather than blanket policies, will help prevent skin thermal injuries occurring, improving patient care.
Climatology of sea breeze over Jiangsu coast: An overview from the ERA5 reanalysis
Authors: Cui Zhiqiang , Mei Shuying , Li Xin , Wang Shizhang , Zeng Mingjian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe sea breeze characteristics for 30 years of summer (1981–2010) in the coastal region of Jiangsu Province were analysed in this study, using the four‐step filter method based on ECMWF Fifth‐Generation Reanalysis (ERA5) data. The results showed that the filtering method reasonably identified three types of sea breeze. Additionally, approximately 23% of the total summer days remained; the corkscrew type dominates the three types of sea breeze; and the backdoor sea breeze was the least common. Except for the type of backdoor sea breeze, the other two types had relatively fixed dominant weather types on three coastlines. The synoptic weather patterns in the 500‐hPa level corresponding to each sea breeze type were different. Further, the details of the diurnal cycle of lower tropospheric circulation indicated the strength of the onshore wind and the location of the large potential temperature gradient at noon being influenced by sea breeze type and coastal location. The wind strength for the three types of sea breeze on the middle coastline was stronger than that on the other two coastlines. On the three coastlines, strong onshore winds were concentrated in areas near the coastline, where they reached their maximum strengths around noon. On the southern coastline, strong onshore winds moved further inland.
Very early and early nutrition in children with pancreatitis—A randomised trial
Authors: Bukowski Jan S. , Jamer Tatiana , Kowalska‐Duplaga Kinga , Marczuk Martyna , Stelmaszczyk‐Emmel Anna , Banasiuk Marcin , Banaszkiewicz Aleksandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of our study was to assess the impact of the very early introduction of refeeding on the course of acute pancreatitis (AP) in children. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of nutrition on inflammatory markers, including cytokines.MethodsThis prospective randomised study was conducted in three university hospitals in Poland. Patients, aged 1–18 years with AP, were randomised into two groups: A—refeeding within 24 h of hospital admission (very early), and B—refeeding at least 24 h after admission (early nutrition). The severity of AP was assessed after 48 h. The serum concentrations of four cytokines (tumour necrosis factor α [TNFα], interleukin‐1β [IL‐1β], interleukin‐6 [IL‐6] and interleukin‐8 [IL‐8]) and C‐reactive protein, as well as the activity of amylase, lipase and aminotransferases, were measured during the first 3 days of hospitalisation.ResultsA total of 94 children were recruited to participate in the study. The statistical analysis included 75 patients with mild pancreatitis: 42—group A and 33—group B. The two groups did not differ in the length of hospitalisation (p = 0.22), AP symptoms or results of laboratory tests. Analysis of cytokine levels was conducted for 64 children: 38—group A and 26—group B. We did not find a difference in concentrations of the measured cytokines, except for IL‐1β on the third day of hospitalisation (p = 0.01).ConclusionsThe time of initiation of oral nutrition within 24 h (very early) or after 24 h (early) from the beginning of hospitalisation had no impact on the length of hospitalisation, concentrations of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐8, activity of amylase and lipase or occurrence of symptoms in children with mild AP.