bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RCT evaluating provider outcomes by suicide prevention training modality: in-person vs. e-learning
Authors: Magruder Kathryn Marley , York Janet Ann , Knapp Rebecca G , Yeager Derik Edward , Marshall Elizabeth , DeSantis Mark 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to evaluate provider outcomes in response to two modes of suicide prevention training (e-learning and in-person) and a control group. The Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) was adapted for e-learning delivery to US Veterans Administration mental health providers. Outcomes include: self-evaluated beliefs, ability, and self-efficacy in managing suicidal patients.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study used a multicenter, randomized, cluster design to test the effectiveness of e-learning vs in-person conditions CAMS for changes in provider outcomes.

Findings
– Survey scores showed significant improvements for both the e-learning vs control and the in-person vs control between pre-intervention and post-intervention; however, the e-learning and in-person conditions were not significantly different from each other.

Research limitations/implications
– Limitations of the study include that there were drop-outs over the study period and the survey questions may not have captured all of the aspects of the CAMS training.

Practical implications
– Results suggest that e-learning training modules can provide comparable outcomes to in-person training for suicide prevention.

Social implications
– More providers may have accessible training materials for managing suicidal patients.

Originality/value
– Currently practicing providers now can choose between two equivalent training modalities for improving the management of suicidality in their patients.
Caroline Elementary School’s hybrid garden: a case study in social marketing
Authors: Erickson G. Scott , Barken Marlene , Barken David 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– This study aims to examine the installation of a garden at an elementary school. Bringing in elements of healthy eating choices, the local food movement and social marketing implications for all stakeholders, this study examines the genesis and launch of the garden and related activities. It reviews initial results, again with an eye to different stakeholder groups.

Design/methodology/approach
– The case study methodology was applied.

Findings
– The case study method provides some depth of detail to a unique and specific circumstance. As such it allows bringing together so many streams of the literature in a social marketing context and illuminates how and why such an installation works (and does not work).

Research limitations/implications
– This analysis focuses on a specific example, in a specific location and at a specific time. While potentially extendable, any such attempt should be made with care.

Practical implications
– Social marketing installations are hard. This example demonstrates how even the best-intentioned program, with almost universal agreement on its positive aspects, can be difficult to execute.

Social implications
– This case illustrates full range of social marketing concepts applied to an initiative but is particularly illustrative of the potential and importance of including all stakeholders in co-creation while fully understanding their context, perceived benefits and perceived costs/barriers.

Originality/value
– This study uniquely brings together several strains of theory (food literacy, health eating choices by children, institutional food services and local food) and applies them separately and together in a single application.
Sustainability vs economic growth: a third world perspective
Authors: Mustunsir Muhammad Arif 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The rising dominance of sustainable development (SD) and green growth (GG) in contemporary societies have become one of the foremost sources of contentions that most states face today in the developing world. It is often suggested that institutionalizing key policies of the SD and GG present a win-win situation. The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize and evaluate such a debate in the light of existing empirical evidence on SD, GG and economic development (ED). It seeks to answer the question “does the sustainability discourse fit in the modern socioeconomic needs of the developing nations or not.”

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper adopts a qualitative research technique. It mainly relies on secondary sources of data. In aligning with key technical approach of qualitative research; the secondary sourced data were also subject to content and thematic analyses from which facts, and assumptions were derived to undertake the present study.

Findings
– The main verdict of the paper is that SD and GG discourses do not fit in the crucial socioeconomic needs of the underdeveloped nations. Endorsing SD and GG policies in emerging countries is essentially about restraining their economic prosperity. In fact, it is an anti-growth agenda in its essence. What makes it anti-growth is the core element of minimal use of critical natural capital to grow economically, which lies at the heart of entire SD and GG. What makes it hard for the emerging nations to comply with core elements of the sustainability is their capacity to comply with alternative growth pathways. Thus, limiting the growth process by promoting the agendas of SD is fundamentally about keeping deprived state/people poor.

Research limitations/implications
– The work is exclusively limited to the author’s understanding of issues and key concerns of developing world concerning institutionalization of the SD and GG. The author’s comprehension may not fully reflect the foremost concerns of the emerging nations. Moreover, Just a single research approach was employed in this study. A further empirical investigation is required in this field for acknowledging and documenting all the key motives and perspectives of third-world states when endorsing SD and GG policies.

Originality/value
– The paper sheds light on the political aspects of promoting the SD, and the long-lasting fact that the key concerns of sustainability pose challenges to the very existence poor states in the south. Most of them are highly exposed to socioeconomic shocks. They cannot afford to implement the policies of SD and GG as the majority of their citizens are living under poverty line. The only panacea they have to overcome the existing social deprivation is the massive ED. Furthermore, institutionalizing SD and GG may cause societal clashes in the poor states.
Sustainability in start-up ventures: what founders say versus what they do
Authors: Galpin Timothy , Hebard Julia 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– Although founders of start-up ventures seem to hold similar views about ethical, social, and environmental principles as those in large firms, entrepreneurs tend to be focussed on their immediate stakeholders, including customers, employees, suppliers, and investors. The purpose of this paper is to compare founders’ views – “what they say” – about sustainable business practices to their described business models – “what they do.”Design/methodology/approach– An opinion survey of prospective business start-up founders, along with a content analysis of their business plans, is used to compare founders’ views – “what they say” – about sustainable business practices to their described business models – “what they do.”Findings– Findings suggest that prospective business founders do value sustainable business practices. However, the content of their business models does not reflect their espoused importance of sustainability.Research limitations/implications– The main limitation of this study is that university students in a business-planning course were used as surrogates for actual start-up venture founders. That being the case, a small percentage (just under 5 percent) of the students indicated at the end of the course that they would like to continue pursuing the venture they helped develop a business plan for. To address this, future research should focus on actual founders of new ventures.Practical implications– The content analysis of the business plans revealed a marked disconnect between the high-value founders reported to place on sustainability and the actual limited inclusion of sustainability in their business models. Therefore, more work needs to be done to educate, encourage, and coach start-up founders to raise their awareness of and desire to include sustainability as key parts of their business models.Originality/value– To date, no studies have attempted to compare start-up venture founders’ views – “what they say” – about sustainable business practices to their described business models – “what they do.”
Conservation tillage mitigates the negative effect of landscape simplification on biological control
Authors: Tamburini Giovanni , De Simone Serena , Sigura Maurizia , Boscutti Francesco , Marini Lorenzo 
Published: September 2015

Summary

Biological pest control is a key ecosystem service, and it depends on multiple factors acting from the local to the landscape scale. However, the effects of soil management on biological control and its potential interaction with landscape are still poorly understood.

In a field exclusion experiment, we explored the relative effect of tillage system (conservation vs. conventional tillage) on aphid biological control in 15 pairs of winter cereal fields (barley and wheat) selected along a gradient of landscape complexity. We sampled the abundance of the main natural enemy guilds, and we evaluated their relative contribution to aphid predation and parasitism.

Conservation tillage was found to support more abundant predator communities and higher aphid predation (16% higher than in the fields managed under conventional tillage). In particular, both the abundance and the aphid predation of vegetation‐ and ground‐dwelling arthropods were increased under conservation tillage conditions. Conservation tillage also increased the parasitism rate of aphids.

A high proportion of semi‐natural habitats in the landscape enhanced both aphid parasitism and predation by vegetation‐dwelling organisms but only in the fields managed under conventional tillage. The better local habitat quality provided by conservation tillage may compensate for a low‐quality landscape.

Synthesis and applications. Our study stresses the importance of considering both soil management and landscape composition when planning strategies to maximize biological control services in agro‐ecosystems, highlighting the role played by conservation tillage in supporting natural enemy communities. In simple landscapes, the adoption of conservation tillage will locally improve biological control provided by both predators and parasitoids mitigating the negative effects of landscape simplification. Moreover, considering the small scale at which both predation and parasitism responded to landscape composition, a successful strategy to improve biological control would be to establish a fine mosaic of crop and non‐crop areas such as hedgerows, tree lines and small semi‐natural habitat patches.
Increased sphingosine 1‐phosphate mediates inflammation and fibrosis in tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Yaghobian Dania , Don Anthony S. , Yaghobian Sarina , Chen Xinming , Pollock Carol A. , Saad Sonia 
Published: September 2015

SummaryHyperglycemia induces all isoforms of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), which in turn play key roles in inflammation and fibrosis that characterize diabetic nephropathy. Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) is a signaling sphingolipid, derived from sphingosine by the action of sphingosine kinase (SK). S1P mediates many biological processes, which mimic TGFβ signaling. To determine the role of SK1 and S1P in inducing fibrosis and inflammation, and the interaction with TGFβ‐1, 2 and 3 signalling in diabetic nephropathy, human proximal tubular cells (HK2 cells) were exposed to normal (5 mmol/L) or high (30 mmol/L) glucose or TGFβ‐1, ‐2, ‐3 ± an SK inhibitor (SKI‐II) or SK1 siRNA. Control and diabetic wild type (WT) and SK1−/− mice were studied. Fibrotic and inflammatory markers, and relevant downstream signalling pathways were assessed. SK1 mRNA and protein expression was increased in HK2 cells exposed to high glucose or TGFβ1,‐2,‐3. All TGFβ isoforms induced fibronectin, collagen IV and macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1), which were reversed by both SKI‐II and SK1 siRNA. Exposure to S1P increased phospho‐p44/42 expression, AP‐1 binding and NFkB phosphorylation. WT diabetic mice exhibited increased renal cortical S1P, fibronectin, collagen IV and MCP1 mRNA and protein expression compared to SK1−/− diabetic mice. In summary, this study demonstrates that inhibiting the formation of S1P reduces tubulointerstitial renal inflammation and fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy.
Bacterial biogeography influenced by shelf–basin exchange in the Arctic surface sediment at the Chukchi Borderland
Authors: Han Dukki , Nam Seung‐Il , Ha Ho Kyung , Kim Hyoungjun , Sadowsky Michael J. , Lee Yoo Kyung , Hur Hor‐Gil 
Published: September 2015

SummaryIt has been known that continental shelves around the Arctic Ocean play a major role in the ventilation of the deep basins as a consequence of shelf–basin exchange. In the present study, we found that bacterial assemblage of the surface sediment was different from that of seawater while seawater harboured local bacterial assemblages in response to the Arctic hydrography. This finding suggests that the Arctic seafloor sediments may have distinctive bacterial biogeography. Moreover, the distribution of bacterial assemblages and physicochemical properties in surface sediments changed gradually from the Arctic continental shelf to deep‐sea basin. Based on the results, bacterial biogeography in the Arctic seafloor sediments may be influenced by winnowing and re‐deposition of surface sediments through the sediment gravity flow. The present study offers a deeper understanding of shelf convection and its role for the construction of bacterial assemblages in the Arctic Ocean.
Strain‐specific antibodies reduce co‐feeding transmission of the Lyme disease pathogen, Borrelia afzelii
Authors: Jacquet Maxime , Durand Jonas , Rais Olivier , Voordouw Maarten J. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryVector‐borne pathogens use a diversity of strategies to evade the vertebrate immune system. Co‐feeding transmission is a potential immune evasion strategy because the vector‐borne pathogen minimizes the time spent in the vertebrate host. We tested whether the Lyme disease pathogen, Borrelia afzelii, can use co‐feeding transmission to escape the acquired immune response in the vertebrate host. We induced a strain‐specific, protective antibody response by immunizing mice with one of two variants of OspC (A3 and A10), the highly variable outer surface protein C of Borrelia pathogens. Immunized mice were challenged via tick bite with B. afzelii strains A3 or A10 and infested with larval ticks at days 2 and 34 post‐infection to measure co‐feeding and systemic transmission respectively. Antibodies against a particular OspC variant significantly reduced co‐feeding transmission of the targeted (homologous) strain but not the non‐targeted (heterologous) strain. Cross‐immunity between OspC antigens had no effect in co‐feeding ticks but reduced the spirochaete load twofold in ticks infected via systemic transmission. In summary, OspC‐specific antibodies reduced co‐feeding transmission of a homologous but not a heterologous strain of B. afzelii. Co‐feeding transmission allowed B. afzelii to evade the negative consequences of cross‐immunity on the tick spirochaete load.
Impact of maternal intrapartum antibiotics, method of birth and breastfeeding on gut microbiota during the first year of life: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Azad MB , Konya T , Persaud RR , Guttman DS , Chari RS , Field CJ , Sears MR , Mandhane PJ , Turvey SE , Subbarao P , Becker AB , Scott JA , Kozyrskyj AL ,   the CHILD Study Investigators
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveDysbiosis of the infant gut microbiota may have long‐term health consequences. This study aimed to determine the impact of maternal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) on infant gut microbiota, and to explore whether breastfeeding modifies these effects.DesignProspective pregnancy cohort of Canadian infants born in 2010–2012: the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) Study.SettingGeneral community.SampleRepresentative sub‐sample of 198 healthy term infants from the CHILD Study.MethodsMaternal IAP exposures and birth method were documented from hospital records and breastfeeding was reported by mothers. Infant gut microbiota was characterised by Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing of faecal samples at 3 and 12 months.Main outcome measuresInfant gut microbiota profiles.ResultsIn this cohort, 21% of mothers received IAP for Group B Streptococcus prophylaxis or pre‐labour rupture of membranes; another 23% received IAP for elective or emergency caesarean section (CS). Infant gut microbiota community structures at 3 months differed significantly with all IAP exposures, and differences persisted to 12 months for infants delivered by emergency CS. Taxon‐specific composition also differed, with the genera Bacteroides and Parabacteroides under‐represented, and Enterococcus and Clostridium over‐represented at 3 months following maternal IAP. Microbiota differences were especially evident following IAP with emergency CS, with some changes (increased Clostridiales and decreased Bacteroidaceae) persisting to 12 months, particularly among non‐breastfed infants.ConclusionsIntrapartum antibiotics in caesarean and vaginal delivery are associated with infant gut microbiota dysbiosis, and breastfeeding modifies some of these effects. Further research is warranted to explore the health consequences of these associations.Tweetable abstractMaternal #antibiotics during childbirth alter the infant gut #microbiome.
The effect of labour induction on the risk of caesarean delivery: using propensity scores to control confounding by indication
Authors: Danilack VA , Dore DD , Triche EW , Muri JH , Phipps MG , Savitz DA 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo use propensity score methods to control for confounding by indication in the association between labour induction and caesarean delivery.DesignCross‐sectional analysis of administrative hospital discharge data supplemented by medical record information.SettingFourteen US member hospitals of the National Perinatal Information Center.SampleA cohort of 166 559 singleton liveborn deliveries in the period 2007–2012.MethodsWe used propensity scores (PSs) to balance 83 covariates between induced and non‐induced women, and compared estimates with traditional covariate adjustment. We estimated PSs for labour induction versus expectant management of pregnancy each week from 34 to 42 weeks of gestation. We estimated risk ratios (RRs) for the association between labour induction and primary caesarean delivery from models with no adjustment, traditional adjustment of five covariates, matched PS, and adjustment for continuous PS.Main outcome measureCaesarean delivery in current or subsequent week of gestation.ResultsIn crude models labour induction increased the risk of caesarean delivery in all weeks (RR 1.06–1.52), excepting 39 weeks of gestation (RR 0.89). After matching on PS, the analysis showed a significantly decreased risk of caesarean delivery with labour induction during weeks 35–39 (RR 0.77–0.92), and a significantly elevated risk at weeks 40 (RR 1.22) and 41 (RR 1.39). Traditional covariate and PS adjustment resulted in RRs between those from crude and PS‐matched models.ConclusionsThere is evidence of considerable confounding by indication in the association of labour induction and caesarean delivery, particularly for preterm deliveries. Using PS methods, we found a reduced risk of caesarean delivery with labour induction before 40 weeks of gestation, and an elevated risk for weeks 40–42.Tweetable abstractWith confounding adjustment, labour induction does not increase the risk of caesarean at 34–39 weeks of gestation.
Risk factors associated with preterm birth after a prior term delivery
Authors: Wong LF , Wilkes J , Korgenski K , Varner MW , Manuck TA 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the presence of newly acquired preterm birth (PTB) risk factors among primiparous women with no prior history of PTB.DesignCase–control study.SettingDeliveries occurring within a large healthcare system from 2002 to 2012.PopulationWomen with their first two consecutive pregnancies carried to ≥200/7 weeks’ gestation.MethodsThose delivering the first pregnancy at term and the second preterm ≥200/7 and <370/7 weeks (term‐preterm cases) were compared with women with a term birth in their first two pregnancies (term‐term controls). Social factors with the potential to change between the first and second pregnancies and intrapartum labour characteristics in the first pregnancy were compared between cases and controls.Main outcome measuresRisk factors for term‐preterm sequence.ResultsAbout 38 215 women met inclusion criteria; 1353 (3.8%) were term‐preterm cases. Cases and controls were similar with regard to race/ethnicity and maternal age at the time of the first and second deliveries. Cases delivered their second pregnancy approximately 3 weeks earlier (35.7 versus 39.1, P < 0.001). In multivariable models accounting for known PTB risk factors, women with a caesarean delivery in the first pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.57–3.08], new tobacco use (aOR = 2.33; 95% CI 1.61–3.38), and an interpregnancy interval <18 months (aOR = 1.37; 95% CI 1.21–1.55) were at increased risk of term–preterm sequence.ConclusionCaesarean delivery in the first pregnancy, new tobacco use, and short interpregnancy interval <18 months are significant risk factors for term‐preterm sequence. Women should receive postpartum counselling regarding appropriate interpregnancy interval and cessation of tobacco use.Tweetable abstractCaesarean delivery in the 1st pregnancy is a significant risk factor for preterm birth following a term delivery.