bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The everyday use of assistive technology by people with dementia and their family carers: a qualitative study
Authors: Gibson Grant , Dickinson Claire , Brittain Katie , Robinson Louise 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Background
Assistive Technology (AT) has been suggested as a means by which people with dementia can be helped to live independently, while also leading to greater efficiencies in care. However little is known about how AT is being used by people with dementia and their carers in their daily routines. This paper reports on a qualitative study exploring the everyday use of AT by people with dementia and their families.

Methods
The research employed a qualitative methodology. Semi structured interviews took place with 39 participants, 13 people with dementia and 26 carers. Key themes were identified using thematic analysis and the constant comparative method.

Results
Three categories of AT use in everyday settings were identified; formal AT, accessed via social care services, ‘off the shelf AT’ purchased privately, and ‘do it yourself’ AT, everyday household products adapted by families to fulfil individual need in the absence of specific devices. Access to AT was driven by carers, with the majority of benefits being experienced by carers. Barriers to use included perceptions about AT cost; dilemmas about the best time to use AT; and a lack of information and support from formal health and social care services about how to access AT, where to source it and when and how it can be used.

Conclusions
It has been argued that the ‘mixed economy’ landscape, with private AT provision supplementing state provision of AT, is a key feature for the mainstreaming of AT services. Our data suggests that such a mixed economy is indeed taking place, with more participants using ‘off the shelf’ and ‘DIY’ AT purchased privately rather than via health and social care services. However this system has largely arisen due to an inability of formal care services to meet client needs. Such findings therefore raise questions about just who AT in its current provision is working for and whether a mixed market approach is the most appropriate provider model. Everyday technologies play an important role in supporting families with dementia to continue caring; further research is needed however to determine the most effective and person-centred models for future AT provision.
Chromatin segmentation based on a probabilistic model for read counts explains a large portion of the epigenome
Authors: Mammana Alessandro , Chung Ho-Ryun 
Published: July 2015

AbstractChromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) is an increasingly common experimental approach to generate genome-wide maps of histone modifications and to dissect the complexity of the epigenome. Here, we propose EpiCSeg: a novel algorithm that combines several histone modification maps for the segmentation and characterization of cell-type specific epigenomic landscapes. By using an accurate probabilistic model for the read counts, EpiCSeg provides a useful annotation for a considerably larger portion of the genome, shows a stronger association with validation data, and yields more consistent predictions across replicate experiments when compared to existing methods.The software is available at http://github.com/lamortenera/epicseg
CDH1 and IL1-beta expression dictates FAK and MAPKK-dependent cross-talk between cancer cells and human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Al-toub Mashael , Vishnubalaji Radhakrishnan , Hamam Rimi , Kassem Moustapha , Aldahmash Abdullah , Alajez Nehad M. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Tumor microenvironment conferred by stromal (mesenchymal) stem cells (MSCs) plays a key role in tumor development, progression, and response to therapy. Defining the role of MSCs in tumorigenesis is crucial for their safe utilization in regenerative medicine. Herein, we conducted comprehensive investigation of the cross-talk between human MSCs (hMSCs) and 12 cancer cell lines derived from breast, prostate, colon, head/neck and skin.

Methods
Human bone marrow-derived MSC line expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) (hMSC-GFP) were co-cultured with the following cancer cell lines: (MCF7, BT-20, BT-474, MDA-MB-468, T-47D, SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231, PC-3, HT-29, MDA-MB-435s, and FaDu) and changes in their morphology were assessed using fluorescent microscopy. For cellular tracking, cells were labeled with Vybrant DiO, DiL, and DiD lipophilic dyes. Time-lapse microscopy was conducted using Nikon BioStation IM-Q. Stable expression of mCherry, and luciferase genes was achieved using lentiviral technology. IL1-Beta neutralizing experiments were conducted using soluble recombinant IL-1R (srIL-1R). Changes in gene expression in sorted hMSCs were assessed using Agilent microarray platform while data normalization and bioinformatics were conducted using GeneSpring software.

Results
We observed a dynamic interaction between cancer cells and hMSCs. High CDH1 (E-cadherin) and low IL1-Beta expression by cancer cells promoted reorganization of hMSCs into a niche-like formation, which was dependent on direct cell-cell contact. Our data also revealed transfer of cellular components between cancer cells and hMSCs as one possible mechanism for intercellular communication. Global gene expression analysis of sorted hMSCs following co-culturing with MCF7 and BT-20 cells revealed enrichment in signaling pathways related to bone formation, FAK and MAPKK signaling. Co-culturing hMSCs with MCF7 cells increased their growth evidenced by increase in Ki67 and PCNA staining in tumor cells in direct contact with hMSCs niche. On the other hand, co-culturing hMSCs with FaDu, HT-29 or MDA-MB-231 cells led remarkable decline in their cell growth.

Conclusions
Dynamic interaction exists between hMSCs and cancer cells. CDH1 and IL1-Beta expression by cancer cells mediates the crosstalk between hMSCs and cancer cells. We propose a model where hMSCs act as the first line of defense against cancer cell growth and spread.
Do hypoxia/normoxia culturing conditions change the neuroregulatory profile of Wharton Jelly mesenchymal stem cell secretome?
Authors: Teixeira Fábio G. , Panchalingam Krishna M. , Anjo Sandra Isabel , Manadas Bruno , Pereira Ricardo , Sousa Nuno , Salgado António J. , Behie Leo A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe use of human umbilical cord Wharton Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) has been considered a new potential source for future safe applications in regenerative medicine. Indeed, the application of hWJ-MSCs into different animal models of disease, including those from the central nervous system, has shown remarkable therapeutic benefits mostly associated with their secretome. Conventionally, hWJ-MSCs are cultured and characterized under normoxic conditions (21 % oxygen tension), although the oxygen levels within tissues are typically much lower (hypoxic) than these standard culture conditions. Therefore, oxygen tension represents an important environmental factor that may affect the performance of mesenchymal stem cellsin vivo. However, the impact of hypoxic conditions on distinct mesenchymal stem cell characteristics, such as the secretome, still remains unclear.MethodsIn the present study, we have examined the effects of normoxic (21 % O2) and hypoxic (5 % O2) conditions on the hWJ-MSC secretome. Subsequently, we address the impact of the distinct secretome in the neuronal cell survival and differentiation of human neural progenitor cells.ResultsThe present data indicate that the hWJ-MSC secretome collected from normoxic and hypoxic conditions displayed similar effects in supporting neuronal differentiation of human neural progenitor cells in vitro. However, proteomic analysis revealed that the use of hypoxic preconditioning led to the upregulation of several proteins within the hWJ-MSC secretome.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the optimization of parameters such as hypoxia may lead to the development of strategies that enhance the therapeutic effects of the secretome for future regenerative medicine studies and applications.
Periostin enhances adipose-derived stem cell adhesion, migration, and therapeutic efficiency in Apo E deficient mice with hind limb ischemia
Authors: Qin Jinbao , Yuan Fukang , Peng Zhiyou , Ye Kaichuang , Yang Xinrui , Huang Lijia , Jiang Mier , Lu Xinwu 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntroductionTherapeutic angiogenesis by transplantation of autologous/allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is a potential approach for severe ischemic diseases. However, poor viability, adhesion, migration and differentiation limit the therapeutic efficiency after the cells were transplanted into the targeted area. Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, exhibits a critical role in wound repair as well as promotes cell adhesion, survival, and angiogenesis.MethodADSCs were obtained and genetically engineered with periostin gene (P-ADSCs). The viability, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of P-ADSCs under hypoxia were analyzed. Moreover, P-ADSCs were implanted into Apo E deficient mice with hind limb ischemia. The Laser Doppler perfusion index, immunofluorescence, and histological pathology assay were tested to evaluate the therapeutic effects. The associated molecular mechanism of periostin on the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and differentiation of ADSCs was also analyzed.ResultsThe in vitro studies have shown that periostin-transfected ADSCs (P-ADSCs) promoted viability, proliferation, and migration of ADSCs. Apoptosis of ADSCs was inhibited under hypoxic conditions. The Laser Doppler perfusion index was significantly higher in the P-ADSCs group compared with that in the ADSC and control groups after 4 weeks. Immunofluorescence and histological pathology assay showed that the P-ADSCs were in and around the ischemic sites, and some cells differentiated into capillaries and endothelium. Microvessel densities were significantly improved in P-ADSCs group compared with those in the control group. The molecular mechanisms that provide the beneficial effects of periostin were connected with the upregulated expression of integrinβ1/FAK/PI3K/Akt/eNOS signal pathway and the increased secretion of growth factors.ConclusionOverexpression of periostin by gene transfection on ADSCs promotes survival, migration, and therapeutic efficiency, which will bring new insights into the treatment of critical limb ischemia.
Cells from the hematopoietic lineage are only present transiently during healing in a mouse model of non-severe burn injury
Authors: Rea Suzanne , Stevenson Andrew , Giles Natalie L. , Wood Fiona M. , Fear Mark W. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of our study is to identify the contribution of hematopoietic-derived cells to burn-wound healing in a non-severe injury. There are many conflicting reports of the contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to wound healing and whether these are hematopoietic or mesenchymal in origin. The role of hematopoietic lineage cells is investigated in this study in the context of the response to burn injury.MethodsTransgenic mice expressing the LacZ reporter gene in all cells of the hematopoietic lineage underwent a non-severe full-thickness burn injury (8 % of total body surface area). Wounds were assessed for LacZ-positive cells at days 7, 14, and 28 post-injury by using whole-mount staining. Cells were also cultured from the wounds at each time point and analysed for expression of fibroblast and myofibroblast markers.ResultsAt day 7, positive cells were identified in the wounds representing the inflammatory response. Some dermal cells were also identified at this early stage. At day 14, positive cells were also identified and were cultured from the wound tissue samples. However, by day 28, no positive cells could be detected or cultured from the healed wound tissue. Isolated LacZ-positive cells did not express collagen 1 or α-smooth muscle actin proteins, indicating that they had not differentiated into dermal fibroblast-type cells.ConclusionsIn this model of burn injury, hematopoietic lineage cells were present in the healing wound only transiently and did not appear to contribute to the long-term scar population. This is in contrast with reports demonstrating that fibrocytes contribute a long-term sustained population in scar tissue. This work demonstrates that in a non-severe burn injury model there is a sustained transient contribution of hematopoietic cells to the healed wound. Further characterisation of the types and extent of wounding required to establish a long-term hematopoietic response will be important in determining future cell-based therapies.
Skill mismatch among migrant workers: evidence from a large multi-country dataset
Authors: Visintin Stefano , Tijdens Kea , van Klaveren Maarten 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This article unravels the migrants’ incidence of skill mismatch taking into consideration different migration flows. Mismatch is the situation in which workers have jobs for which lower skill levels are required compared to their education. We use a dataset (from a large multi-country web survey) particularly suited to investigate differences in skill mismatch between native and migrant workers. The main advantages are its ample size and the large variety of country of origin and destination combinations, which allows for detailed analysis of different migration flows. This provides an innovative multi-country perspective, including nations and migrants from all continents. We also identify the relation between overeducation and some of the most widely accepted theoretical explanations for the phenomenon among native workers and test whether it holds for migrants. These results are achieved by fulfilling three research objectives, which are to investigate (1) the factors affecting overeducation and whether migrants are more often overqualified, (2) the relation between overeducation and different country of origin and destination combinations, and (3) whether a range of theoretically based assumptions affect the incidence of overeducation and the extent to which they are relevant in the case of migrant workers. Skill mismatch is found to be more common among migrants compared to native workers, although the incidence differs across migrants depending on the country of residence. Differences in the incidence of overeducation between native and migrant workers are not only related to the country of residence but also to the combination of country of origin and destination. When theoretically based assumptions are used to explain overeducation, the relation found for the total population does not always hold in the case of migrants. All these findings are confirmed by both an explorative and a in-depth analysis.
Faded shine…. The degradation of brass powder in two nineteenth century paintings
Authors: Ferreira Ester S B , Gros Danièle , Wyss Karin , Scherrer Nadim C , Zumbühl Stefan , Marone Federica 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
During the examination of two 19th century oil paintings by Swiss artists, the Reading pastor (ca. 1885) by Ferdinand Hodler (1853–1918) and Portrait of a young girl (ca. 1888) by Filippo Franzoni (1857–1911), it was observed that in particular locations, the surface had an unusually granular texture, given by the application of metallic particles and the presence of large translucent green agglomerates. In this paper we investigate the composition and origin of the metal particles and green agglomerates. A combination of bulk analysis (GC–MS and FTIR) and analytical microscopy techniques (X-ray tomographic microscopy, light microscopy, ATR–FTIR–FPA imaging and SEM–EDX) were used. It was concluded that the metal particles are composed of a lower quality brass (copper/zinc alloy) and ground from foil. The current appearance resulted from the reaction of the brass and its corrosion products with the fatty acids in the surrounding paint/varnish matrix. This has lead to the formation of agglomerates of zinc and copper carboxylates, the latter responsible for their green colour.
Development of animal model for Bisphosphonates-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ)
Authors: Jang Hyo-Won , Kim Jin-Woo , Cha In-Ho 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study is to develop a rat model of bisphosphonates-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) that would be verified with clinical, radiological and histological examination, and to confirm the influence of concurrent bisphosphonates and steroids use upon the occurrence and aggravation of BRONJ.

Methods
Twenty seven rats were divided into 3 groups; Saline group (I), Zoledronate group (II), Zoledronate and Dexamethasone group (III). Rats got weekly intraperitoneal injection for 4 times and extraction of left maxillary and mandibular 1st, 2nd molars were followed. Consecutive injections were performed, and blood sampling for measurements of C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphate 5b rats were performed at the time of 2, 4 and 8 weeks. And then, rats were sacrificed and evaluated clinically, radiologically and histologically.

Results
12/18 (66.6 %) of experimental group were diagnosed as BRONJ. There was no significant difference in incidence between zoledronate alone group (ll) and concurrent use of zoledronate and dexamethasone group (lll).

Conclusions
Concurrent use of bisphosphonates and steroids increase incidence of BRONJ compared to saline group (l). Zoledronate alone group (ll) and concurrent use of zoledronate and dexamethasone group (lll) shows same incidence of BRONJ. Based on this study, the rat treated with bisphosphonates and steroids can be considered a novel, reliable and reproducible model to understand pathology of BRONJ.
Cortical folding and the potential for prognostic neuroimaging in schizophrenia
Authors: Guo Shuixia , Iwabuchi Sarina , Balain Vijender , Feng Jianfeng , Liddle Peter , Palaniyappan Lena 
Published: July 2015

SummaryIn 41 patients with schizophrenia, we used neuroanatomical information derived from structural imaging to identify patients with more severe illness, characterised by high symptom burden, low processing speed, high degree of illness persistence and lower social and occupational functional capacity. Cortical folding, but not thickness or volume, showed a high discriminatory ability in correctly identifying patients with more severe illness.
Effectiveness of electrocardiographic guidance in CVAD tip placement
Authors: Walker Graham , Alexandrou Evan , Rickard Claire M , Chan Raymond J , Webster Joan 
Published: July 2015

Background: International standard practice for the correct confirmation of the central venous access device is the chest X-ray. The intracavitary electrocardiogram-based insertion method is radiation-free, and allows real-time placement verification, providing immediate treatment and reduced requirement for post-procedural repositioning. Methods: Relevant databases were searched for prospective randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi RCTs that compared the effectiveness of electrocardiogram-guided catheter tip positioning with placement using surface-anatomy-guided insertion plus chest X-ray confirmation. The primary outcome was accurate catheter tip placement. Secondary outcomes included complications, patient satisfaction and costs. Results: Five studies involving 729 participants were included. Electrocardiogram-guided insertion was more accurate than surface anatomy guided insertion (odds ratio: 8.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38; 50.07; p=0.02). There was a lack of reporting on complications, patient satisfaction and costs. Conclusion: The evidence suggests that intracavitary electrocardiogram-based positioning is superior to surface-anatomy-guided positioning of central venous access devices, leading to significantly more successful placements. This technique could potentially remove the requirement for post-procedural chest X-ray, especially during peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line insertion.
Hospice nurses' views on single nurse administration of controlled drugs
Authors: Taylor Vanessa , Middleton-Green Laura , Carding Sally , Perkins Paul 
Published: July 2015

Background: The involvement of two nurses to dispense and administer controlled drugs is routine practice in most clinical areas despite there being no legal or evidence-based rationale. Indeed, evidence suggests this practice enhances neither safety nor care. Registered nurses at two hospices agreed to change practice to single nurse dispensing and administration of controlled drugs (SNAD). Participants' views on SNAD were evaluated before and after implementation. The aim of this study was to explore the views and experiences of nurses who had implemented SNAD and to identify the views and concerns of those who had not yet experienced SNAD. Method: Data was obtained through semi-structured interviews. Results: Qualitative thematic analysis of interview transcripts identified three key themes: practice to enhance patient benefit and care; practice to enhance nursing care and satisfaction; and practice to enhance organisational safety. Conclusion: The findings have implications for the understanding of influences on medicines safety in clinical practice and for hospice policy makers.
The development and history of the paramedic profession in Israel
Authors: Wacht Oren , Schwartz Dagan , Miller Rami 
Published: July 2015

The paramedic profession in Israel was established in 1979 by Dr Nancy Caroline, medical director of the national emergency medical services (EMS) system, Magen David Adom. Since its establishment the profession has developed considerably and paramedics are currently at the frontier of pre-hospital emergency care in Israel. This article looks at the evolution of the paramedic profession in Israel, considering the introduction of mobile intensive care units and the paramedic's ever changing role in the provision of pre-hospital care.
Prioritising the development of paramedic students’ interpersonal skills
Authors: Lucas Peter V , McCall Michael J , Eccleston Claire , Lea Emma , Stratton Brigit , Annear Michael , Crisp Elaine , Elliott Kate-Ellen , Robinson Andrew 
Published: July 2015

Objective This paper analyses residential-aged care clinical placements undertaken by undergraduate paramedic students participating in the Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre's ‘Teaching Aged Care Facilities Program’. Benefits of the placement in facilitating the development of critical interpersonal skills are identified and discussed. Setting A cohort of final year undergraduate students (n=31) completed a five-day clinical placement in four participating residential-aged care facilities in Tasmania, Australia. Method The research involved the collection of qualitative data during student feedback meetings at the end of students’ placements. The data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Additionally, quantitative data from pre- and post-placement surveys were collected and analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0.0. Results The research found that students benefited from the placement in terms of developing their interpersonal skills. Students demonstrated an increased understanding of dementia and improved communication strategies for working with people with dementia. Conclusions Paramedic clinical placements in residential-aged care facilities address two key issues identified by the Australian Learning and Teaching Council, these being a lack of interpersonal skills among graduate paramedics and a shortage of alternative learning sites.