bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scheme to improve the international inter-library loan service in the National Library of China
Authors: Feng Jing’an 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a scheme to promote and improve international interlibrary loan (ILL) service at the National Library of China (NLC). The NLC is the center for international ILL in all of China, but as user needs change in response to the rapid development of information technology, it is necessary to investigate how to recast the international ILL service of the NLC.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper uses a systematic case study approach. First, a brief introduction to international ILL practice in the NLC is given. Second, issues that concern request communications, copyright and payment methods are analyzed. Next, a scheme to modernize and improve international ILL is proposed as a response to the aforementioned problems. Finally, new challenges to international ILL are analyzed.

Findings
– The NLC should make the following efforts to improve international ILL service: enhance and expand the number of request transmission methods, update the legacy ILL and document delivery system, create a Chinese interlibrary loan alliance and fashion more reasonable copyright and payment policies. In addition, it should foster sustained innovation to meet the ongoing challenges to international ILL in the information age.

Originality/value
– This paper offers practical solutions for Chinese libraries engaged in international ILL activities.
In a world of Amazon, is it time to rethink ILL?
Authors: de Jong CJ , Nance Heidi 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to evaluate the use of alternative methods compared to traditional interlibrary loan (ILL) processes.

Design/methodology/approach
– ILL departments around the world were surveyed about their policies and procedures for obtaining materials for their users.

Findings
– The survey results indicated that alternative methods are predominantly a fringe activity, while most materials are still obtained through traditional ILL processes. There continues to be a great deal of room for exploration of purchasing, renting and the use of free resources to fill ILL requests.

Originality/value
– This article shows that there continues to be a great deal of room for exploration of purchasing, renting and the use of free resources to fill ILL requests.
Cross-border document delivery: the convenience and perils of sharing articles around the world, in the cloud
Authors: Birch Katie , Melvyn Tony 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe Article Exchange – OCLC’s cloud-based document delivery service.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this study, Article Exchange is described in detail.

Findings
– Article Exchange has proved popular with OCLC users with more than 50,000 documents uploaded in January 2013 alone by more than 1,000 libraries.

Practical implications
– The new service facilitates improved delivery of documents electronically.

Originality/value
– This article is useful for all librarians who are concerned with delivering documents electronically in an increasingly complex technical and legal environment.
Below‐ground causes and consequences of woodland shrub invasions: a novel paired‐point framework reveals new insights
Authors: Iannone Basil V. , Heneghan Liam , Rijal Dev , Wise David H. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryConfirming the impacts of invasive plants is essential for prioritizing management efforts, but is challenging, especially if impacts occur below‐ground and over long periods as hypothesized for woodland shrub invasions.For this reason, we developed a novel ‘paired‐point’ framework capable of detecting the below‐ground impacts of slow‐growing invasive plants from short‐term data sets in an investigation into the below‐ground consequences ofEuropean buckthornRhamnus catharticaL. (hereafter buckthorn) invasions intoChicago‐area woodlands. We measured differences between the members of 97 pairs of buckthorn‐invaded and buckthorn‐free points in 10 below‐ground response variables (RVs) that buckthorn is hypothesized to alter (listed below). We then modelled these differences (ΔRVs) in response to the severity of the invasion found at each invaded point. A relationship (linear or nonlinear) between a ΔRVand severity, that is slope ≠ 0, suggests a buckthorn‐induced change. An intercept (value of ΔRVwhere severity = 0) different from zero suggests a pre‐existing difference.Relating differences to an invasion gradient rather than simply noting their presence provided evidence that the higher levels of moisture,pH, totalC, totalN,andCa2+in invaded soils pre‐date and possibly promote invasion (particularlyCa2+) and that neither earthworm biomass nor soilC : Nratios are associated with buckthorn invasion, all of which suggest buckthorn to be less of a ‘driver’ of below‐ground change than hypothesized. We did, however, find evidence that buckthorn establishes in areas having greater leaf litter mass and higher rates of decomposition, and then proceeds to accelerate decomposition further and to alter spring soillevels.Synthesis and applications. Our findings suggest that decisions regarding regional buckthorn management should be less driven by concerns about buckthorn's below‐ground impacts and that greater consideration of how variation in below‐ground factors relates to invader establishment is needed, rather than simply assuming this variation to be invader‐induced. This latter consideration can help to design better targeted monitoring programmes, limiting the further spread of woodland invaders. These insights illustrate the utility of the paired‐point framework both for investigating below‐ground causes and consequences of slow‐growing invasive plants and for guiding the management of these invasions.
Association between serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels measured 24 hours after delivery and postpartum depression
Authors: Fu C‐W , Liu J‐T , Tu W‐J , Yang J‐Q , Cao Y 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the possible relationship between serum levels of 25[OH]D (25‐hydroxyvitamin D) collected 24 hours after delivery and postpartum depression in a Chinese cohort sample.DesignCohort study.SettingOne city hospital in Beijing, China.PopulationWomen delivering a full‐term, singleton, live‐born infant at one city hospital in Beijing between August 2013 and November 2013.MethodsWomen were enrolled immediately postpartum. A blood sample was obtained 24–48 hours after childbirth to test serum levels of 25[OH]D. Participation consisted of a visit to an obstetric unit 3 months after delivery.Main outcome measureAt 3 months' postpartum, women were screened for depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The primary outcome measure was a prespecified EPDS score of ≥12.ResultsDuring the study period, 323 women were admitted. In all, 248 agreed to enrol and 213 completed 3 months' follow‐up (21 were lost to follow‐up and 14 withdrew). Of the 213 women who were included, 26 (12.2%) were considered to meet criteria for postpartum depression. Serum 25[OH]D levels in women with no postpartum depression were significantly higher than those in women with postpartum depression (P < 0.0001). Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve, the optimal cutoff value for serum 25[OH]D level as an indicator for screening for postpartum depression was estimated to be 10.2 ng/ml, with an area under the curve of 0.801 (95%CI 0.704–0.896). In multivariate analysis, there was an increased risk of postpartum depression associated with 25[OH]D levels ≤10.2 ng/ml (OR 7.17, 95%CI 3.81–12.94; P < 0.0001) after adjusting for possible confounders.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that lower serum 25[OH]D levels were associated with postpartum depression. This association was independent of other possible variables.
Immigration Enforcement, Policing, and Crime
Authors: Treyger Elina , Chalfin Aaron , Loeffler Charles 
Published: September 2014

Research SummaryIn 2008, the federal government introduced “Secure Communities,” a program that requires local law enforcement agencies to share arrestee information with federal immigration officials. We employed the staggered activation of Secure Communities to examine whether this program has an effect on crime or the behavior of local police. Supporters of the program argue that it enhances public safety by facilitating the removal of criminal aliens. Critics worry that it will encourage discriminatory policing. We found little evidence for the most ambitious promises of the program or for its critics’ greatest fears.Policy ImplicationsAlthough a large body of evidence reports that municipal police can have an appreciable effect on crime, involving local police in federal immigration enforcement does not seem to offer measurable public safety benefits. Noncitizens removed through Secure Communities either would have been incapacitated even in the absence of the program or do not pose an identifiable risk to community safety.
Fair Value Measurements of Control Premiums
Authors: Badenhorst Wessel M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAs the overview of the current state of research within this paper shows, the debate around fair value measurements is far from over. This paper analyzes fair value measurement requirements in a controversial scenario, namely when a control premium exists. The analyses of the paper show that, while measurement rules around control premiums could have a material impact on fair value measurements and the financial statements as a whole, significant fair value measurement issues remain unresolved. The conclusion is that fair value measurements should include or exclude control premiums consistently. It is argued that including control premiums for all fair value measurements is the most faithful representation of the underlying economic phenomenon. This paper contributes to the fair value measurement debate by comparing the merits of alternative fair value measurements for control premiums and highlights an area where researchers, investors, and other users should exercise caution when evaluating financial statements.
Fair Trade Community Café Expansion
Authors: Lightstone Karen , Rixon Daphne 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis case concerns the expansion of a small café in the Atlantic provinces of Canada. Ray Merriam had successfully operated a fair trade café in Truro for two years and was ready to expand his business by opening cafés in other locations. He has received an offer from an investor for partnership in a new café in the same time. While Ray was really excited about the investment, he had been considering expanding the business through franchising. Students will have an opportunity to research partnership and franchise agreements. They are expected to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each and make a recommendation to Ray. The typical issues arising in a franchise or partnership agreement should be addressed. This practical experience would likely be invaluable for the future of many students who open their own businesses.
Astrocytic metabolic and inflammatory changes as a function of age
Authors: Jiang Tianyi , Cadenas Enrique 
Published: September 2014

SummaryThis study examines age‐dependent metabolic‐inflammatory axis in primary astrocytes isolated from brain cortices of 7‐, 13‐, and 18‐month‐old Sprague–Dawley male rats. Astrocytes showed an age‐dependent increase in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism respiring on glucose and/or pyruvate substrates; this increase in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism was accompanied by increases in COX3/18SrDNA values, thus suggesting an enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis. Enhanced mitochondrial respiration in astrocytes limits the substrate supply from astrocytes to neurons; this may be viewed as an adaptive mechanism to altered cellular inflammatory–redox environment with age. These metabolic changes were associated with an age‐dependent increase in hydrogen peroxide generation (largely ascribed to an enhanced expression of NOX2) and NFκB signaling in the cytosol as well as its translocation to the nucleus. Astrocytes also displayed augmented responses with age to inflammatory cytokines, IL‐1β, and TNFα. Activation of NFκB signaling resulted in increased expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (inducible nitric oxide synthase), leading to elevated nitric oxide production. IL‐1β and TNFα treatment stimulated mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in astrocytes. It may be surmised that increased mitochondrial aerobic metabolism and inflammatory responses are interconnected and support the functionality switch of astrocytes, from neurotrophic to neurotoxic with age.
Gambling in China: socio‐historical evolution and current challenges
Authors: Wu Anise M. S. , Lau Joseph T. F. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimsThis paper provides an overview of gambling issues in China, including historical development, governmental responses and social consequences.MethodsBased on materials written in Chinese or English available at academic databases and other online resources, historical, cultural and policy analyses were conducted. The focus is on mainland China, but reference is made to Hong Kong and Macao to illustrate differences.ResultsThroughout Chinese history, gambling was strictly prohibited by law. In contrast, small‐stakes betting for entertainment instead of monetary gain, defined as ‘gaming’ in this paper, has been culturally acceptable and tolerated by governments. After banning gambling for three decades, the Chinese government attempts to meet public demand for ‘gaming’ and to confine gambling to ‘gaming’ by issuing national lotteries. In response to increased economic wealth, gambling opportunities were allowed to develop, but were restricted to Macao. Social problems such as illegal and youth gambling are, however, emerging. The ‘gaming’ perception may predispose Chinese individuals to wagering activities and increase the risk of gambling disorder, which has been widely seen as misconduct rather than a mental disorder. Currently, the country has a dearth of gambling research and limited prevention and rehabilitation services, almost none at national level.ConclusionsA distinction between small‐stakes ‘gaming’ and large‐stakes ‘gambling’, which has cultural roots, plays an important role in relevant governmental policies and social responses in mainland China. Gambling disorder prevention and treatment is not yet on the national agenda. The country's knowledge and services gaps on gambling problems need to be filled out.
A modified scoring of the NCCN‐IPI is more accurate in the elderly and is improved by albumin and β2‐microglobulin
Authors: Melchardt Thomas , Troppan Katharina , Weiss Lukas , Hufnagl Clemens , Neureiter Daniel , Tränkenschuh Wolfgang , Hopfinger Georg , Magnes Teresa , Deutsch Alexander , Neumeister Peter , Hackl Hubert , Greil Richard , Pichler Martin , Egle Alexander 
Published: September 2014

SummaryThe International Prognostic Index (IPI) has been used for decades in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A retrospective cancer registry analysis in North America showed significantly improved results when an enhanced IPI, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)‐IPI was applied. This novel score puts more weight on age and high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Nevertheless, it remains unclear if these results can be extrapolated to the general population. This retrospective bi‐centre analysis included 499 unselected DLBCL patients who were treated with rituximab and anthracycline‐based chemoimmunotherapy between 2004 and 2013. In our cohort, the NCCN‐IPI was more accurate in identifying patients at low or high risk, despite older age, and more patients with increased LDH. Nevertheless, a modified scoring of the risk factors was required to more accurately identify elderly patients with a very favourable diagnosis, suggesting an impaired value of the original NCCN‐IPI in the elderly. Serum β2‐microglobulin and albumin were retained as independent prognostic factors for survival in a multivariate analysis. Our data confirm, for the first time, the superior prognostic power of the NCCN‐IPI in an unselected, middle‐European cohort. We furthermore propose a modified NCCN‐IPI for more accurate prognostication in the elderly. Albumin and β2‐microglobulin levels are likely to add significant information to the NCCN‐IPI.
Predicting the patients who will struggle with anal incontinence: sensitivity to disgust matters
Authors: Reynolds L. M. , Bissett I. P. , Consedine N. S. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimQuality of life varies in patients with anal incontinence. The severity of symptoms is a surprisingly modest predictor, but they reliably elicit disgust. The current work assessed prospectively whether dispositional sensitivity to disgust predicted the quality of life in patients with anal incontinence.MethodSeventy‐five patients with anal incontinence identified from the waiting list for the pelvic floor clinic at the Greenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New Zealand, completed questionnaires assessing symptom severity (Fecal Incontinence Severity Index) and disgust sensitivity (Disgust Sensitivity‐Revised scale) prior to a first appointment. Three months later incontinence‐specific (Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale, FI QLS) and general quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life‐BREF, WHOQOL‐BREF) were assessed.ResultsGreater severity of symptoms prospectively predicted lower incontinence‐specific quality of life (FI QLS lifestyle domain) and lower general quality of life (WHOQOL‐BREF environmental domain). Greater disgust sensitivity predicted poorer psychological and environmental well‐being, and moderated the link between symptom severity and outcome. Persons low in disgust sensitivity reported a higher quality of life when symptom severity was low, but those with a high disgust sensitivity had a low quality of life regardless of symptom severity.ConclusionThe functional status of patients with anal incontinence explains some but not all of the variation in quality of life. Emotional factors such as disgust appear to have a role. Disgust sensitivity warrants further attention.
The Probability of Iterated Conditionals
Authors: van Wijnbergen‐Huitink Janneke , Elqayam Shira , Over David E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIterated conditionals of the form If p, then if q, r are an important topic in philosophical logic. In recent years, psychologists have gained much knowledge about how people understand simple conditionals, but there are virtually no published psychological studies of iterated conditionals. This paper presents experimental evidence from a study comparing the iterated form, If p, then if q, r with the “imported,” noniterated form, If p and q, then r, using a probability evaluation task and a truth‐table task, and taking into account qualitative individual differences. This allows us to critically contrast philosophical and psychological approaches that make diverging predictions regarding the interpretation of these forms. The results strongly support the probabilistic Adams conditional and the “new paradigm” that takes this conditional as a starting point.
Introduction effort, climate matching and species traits as predictors of global establishment success in non‐native reptiles
Authors: Mahoney Peter J. , Beard Karen H. , Durso Andrew M. , Tallian Aimee G. , Long A. Lexine , Kindermann Ryan J. , Nolan Nicole E. , Kinka Daniel , Mohn Harrison E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimNon‐native reptiles are often detrimental to native communities and ecosystems and can be extremely difficult to manage once established. Thus, there is considerable interest in predicting the likelihood of establishment of non‐native reptiles. We assessed three hypotheses describing possible factors contributing to the successful establishment of introduced reptiles in an effort to better identify potential invaders.LocationWorldwide.MethodsUsing a global invasion database (1307 introductions of 398 species) andBayesian generalized linear mixed models, we tested the relative importance of event‐level (e.g. propagule pressure), location‐level (e.g. climate matching) and species‐level (e.g. parthenogenesis) factors in reptile establishment success.ResultsThe factors that positively influenced establishment success included: (i) Event‐level: longer time since initial introduction, greater number of introduction events and intentional introductions; (ii) Location‐level: smaller differences in latitude between native and introduced ranges and the presence of native congeners in the introduced range; and (iii) Species‐level: smaller body size, herbivores, larger native range size, parthenogenesis and high fecundity.Main conclusionsWe found that location‐level factors were most important in describing reptile establishment success, followed by event‐ and species‐level factors, respectively. This pattern matches closely with what others have found in a variety of vertebrate taxa. However, the importance of species traits may be underestimated considering the insufficient knowledge of reptile life history within introduced ranges. Importantly, individual variables from all three hypotheses contributed to global reptile establishment. Managers should be especially cognizant of small herbivorous and fecund reptiles that are frequently introduced into areas with a strong climate match to their native range. Further, parthenogenesis greatly facilitated establishment, indicating that obligate parthenogenetic species may become ubiquitous through modern globalized trade.
Vulnerability of marine benthic metapopulations: implications of spatially structured connectivity for conservation practice in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Guizien K. , Belharet M. , Moritz C. , Guarini J. M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimEcological connectivity is currently considered to be essential to enhance biodiversity conservation efforts and benefit adjacent areas. We evaluate the spatial structure of vulnerable marine benthic invertebrate populations based on connectivity to improve the placement of marine protected areas.LocationGulf of Lions, NW Mediterranean Sea.MethodsWe used a spatially explicit metapopulation model to explore how larval dispersal affects marine benthic invertebrate dynamics at local and regional scales. Minimum recruitment success (the proportion of larvae that settle in a site and survive between spawning and first reproduction, which is required to ensure species persistence) is proposed as a measure of vulnerability. Three contrasting simulations were constructed: closed versus connected populations, habitat loss versus recruitment failure disturbances and varying patterns of oceanographic connectivity. The rescue factor (the ratio of minimum recruitment success in connected and closed populations) quantified the decrease in vulnerability because of oceanographic connectivity.ResultsIn the Gulf of Lions, connectivity reduced population vulnerability by a rescue factor of 5.3. The minimum recruitment success for regional persistence decreased from 3% to 0.2% when species' life expectancies increased from 2 to 50 years. Connectivity enabled the spread of individuals over the entire region, but there were higher densities in sink sites, where low retention rates do not allow for local persistence (western tip of the gulf). Source sites, defined as those sites bringing metapopulation resistance to recruitment failure and stresses from habitat loss, were located in the centre of the gulf.Main conclusionsConnectivity drives the spatial structure of population density distribution and population vulnerability in the absence of any other structuring factor. In the Gulf of Lions, marine protected areas are located in population sinks; however; if protection measures were taken in the central part, populations would benefit throughout the region via the rescue effect.