bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution and immunotoxicity by intravenous injection of iron nanoparticles in a murine model
Authors: Park Eun‐Jung , Oh Seung Yun , Kim Younghun , Yoon Cheolho , Lee Byoung‐Seok , Kim Sang Doo , Kim Jong Sung 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWith the increased application of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNPs) for biomedical imaging purposes, concerns regarding the onset of the unexpected adverse health effects following exposure have been rapidly raised. In this study, we investigated the tissue distribution and immunotoxicity of FeNPs (2 and 4 mg kg–1) over time (2, 4 and 13 weeks) after single intravenous injection. At 13 weeks after a single injection, the iron levels increased in all measured tissues compared to the control, and iron accumulation was notable in the liver, spleen and thymus. These changes were accompanied by changes in levels of redox reaction‐related elements, including copper, manganese, zinc and cobalt. In addition, as compared to the control, the number of white blood cells and percentage of neutrophils significantly increased in the treated groups, and the interleukin‐8 secretion and lactate dehydrogenase release were clearly elevated in the treated groups along with enhanced expressions of chemotaxis‐related proteins. However, expression of antigen presenting related proteins attenuated following accumulation of FeNPs. Taken together, we suggest that FeNPs may primarily induce toxicity in the liver and immune system, and immunotoxicological evaluation should be considered to predict adverse health effects following exposure to NPs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Porous poly (D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) acid/biosilicate® composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Kido Hueliton W. , Brassolatti Patricia , Tim Carla R. , Gabbai‐Armelin Paulo R. , Magri Angela M.P. , Fernandes Kelly R. , Bossini Paulo S. , Parizotto Nivaldo A. , Crovace Murilo C. , Malavazi Iran , da Cunha Anderson F. , Plepis Ana M.G. , Anibal Fernanda F. , Rennó Ana C.M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of the Biosilicate® and poly (D,L‐lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid composites on bone repair in a tibial bone defect model in rats by means of using histological evaluation (histopathological and morphometric analysis) and gene expression analysis. Eighty male Wistar rats (12 weeks old, weighing ±300 g) were randomly divided into two groups: Biosilicate® group (BG) and Biosilicate®/PLGA group (BG/PLGA). Each group was euthanized at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery (n = 10 animals per time point). The main findings showed that the incorporation of PLGA into BG had a significant effect on the morphological structure of the material, accelerating mass loss, decreasing the pH and increasing the calcium release. Furthermore, histologic analysis revealed that the BG/PLGA showed increased material degradation, accompanied by higher bone formation compared to BG, after 21 days of implantation. In addition, qRT‐PCR analysis showed that BG/PLGA induced an upregulation of the osteogenic genes related to BMP4, Runx2, ALP, and OC. These results show that the present BG/PLGA composite may be used as a bone graft for inducing bone repair. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 63–71, 2017.
RNA‐Seq Reveals Acute Manganese Exposure Increases Endoplasmic Reticulum Related and Lipocalin mRNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Rudgalvyte Martina , Peltonen Juhani , Lakso Merja , Nass Richard , Wong Garry 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTManganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient; nonetheless, excessive amounts can accumulate in brain tissues causing manganism, a severe neurological condition. Previous studies have suggested oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, and impaired metabolism pathways as routes for Mn toxicity. Here, we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to analyze gene expression changes after acute Mn exposure using RNA‐Seq. L1 stage animals were exposed to 50 mM MnCl2 for 30 min and analyzed at L4. We identified 746 up‐ and 1828 downregulated genes (FDR corrected p < 0.05; two‐fold change) that included endoplasmic reticulum related abu and fkb family genes, as well as six of seven lipocalin‐related (lpr) family members. These were also verified by qRT‐PCR. RNA interference of lpr‐5 showed a dramatic increase in whole body vulnerability to Mn exposure. Our studies demonstrate that Mn exposure alters gene transcriptional levels in different cell stress pathways that may ultimately contribute to its toxic effects.
Comparison of NCEP‐NCAR and ERA‐Interim over Australia
Authors: Fu Guobin , Charles Stephen P. , Timbal Bertrand , Jovanovic Branislava , Ouyang Fen 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThis study compares observations of 22 climate variables [rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature, mean sea level pressure (MSLP), and air temperature, geopotential heights, relative and specific humidity, and u‐wind and v‐winds at 500, 700 and 850 hPa] over Australia with NCEP‐NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Prediction‐National Center for Atmospheric Research) and ERA‐Interim, two most often used reanalysis products. The results indicate that both NCEP‐NCAR and ERA‐Interim generally reproduce the observed spatial patterns of long‐term mean annual rainfall, daily maximum/minimum temperature and MSLP, the monthly distribution (annual cycle) of rainfall and temperature, although temperature is generally better simulated than rainfall and ERA‐Interim shows an overall better performance than NCEP‐NCAR in term of continental scale. In term of linear trends, both NCEP‐NCAR and ERA‐Interim simulate observed trend signs in some regions, but not in others, and the spatial distributions of temperature trends are generally not as well simulated as that of annual rainfall for both NCEP‐NCAR and ERA‐Interim. In addition, NCEP‐NCAR and ERA‐Interim show similar spatial patterns of annual mean air temperature, geopotential heights, humidity and winds. This implies that studies using NCEP‐NCAR data could also make use of ERA‐Interim to explore the range of uncertainties for the regions and climate variables where NCEP‐NCAR and ERA‐Interim show differences. This conclusion may also apply to regions other than Australia. For example, the different trend signs of MSLP between NCEP‐NCAR and ERA‐Interim could present a scientific challenging for climatic change studies using MSLP trends, and the split between large‐scale and convective rainfall would also have merits globally to understand if the differences between the two reanalysis data sets are global or if we see convergence on key areas, such as tropices and frontal systems.
Use of an IL1‐receptor antagonist to prevent the progression of tendinopathy in a rat model
Authors: Berkoff David J. , Kallianos Steven A. , Eskildsen Scott M. , Weinhold Paul S. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated if inhibiting IL1‐β activity with an IL1‐receptor antagonist (IL1‐RA) will prevent pathologic changes commonly seen in tendinopathy. Thirty‐six Sprague–Dawley retired‐breeder rats were divided into three groups having weekly bilateral patellar tendon injections: CON (0.1 ml Saline), CAR (0.1 ml 2% carrageenan), IL1‐RA (0.1 ml 2% CAR plus 0.94 mg of the IL1‐RA, 2.5 mg/kg). Carrageenan was used to establish tendinopathy in two groups due to its ability to develop tendinopathy in prior studies. Animals were euthanized 3 weeks after initial injection. The CAR group demonstrated significantly (p < 0.05) shorter tendon lengths (8.61 ± 0.38 mm) relative to CON (8.94 ± 0.38 mm) that was prevented in the IL1‐RA (9.02 ± 0.30 mm) as well as significantly increased collagenase activity in the CAR (0.061 ± 0.043) compared to CON (0.027 ± 0.015) (p<  0.05). By histological evaluation, the CAR group demonstrated significantly greater inflammation than IL1‐RA, and CON (p < 0.05). CAR showed a trend for increased cross‐sectional area relative to CON that was absent in the IL1‐RA. IL1‐RA can effectively inhibit the development of mechanical, chemical, and histologic changes seen with carrageenan‐induced tendonitis. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:616–622, 2016.
Effect of soil drying on mucilage exudation and its water repellency: a new method to collect mucilage
Authors: Ahmed Mutez A. , Holz Maire , Woche Susanne K. , Bachmann Jörg , Carminati Andrea 
Published: September 2015

AbstractDespite the importance of mucilage for soil–plant relations, little is known about the effect of soil drying on mucilage exudation. We introduce a method to collect mucilage from maize growing in wet and dry soils. Mucilage was collected from brace roots. The amount of mucilage exuded did not change with soil water content and transpiration rate. Mucilage exuded in dry soils had a higher degree of hydrophobicity, suggesting that the wetting properties of mucilage change in response to soil drying.
Developing a carob‐based milk beverage using different varieties of carob pods and two roasting treatments and assessing their effect on quality characteristics
Authors: Srour Nadine , Daroub Hamza , Toufeili Imad , Olabi Ammar 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis work aimed at formulating a carob‐based milk beverage and assessing its chemical and sensory properties. Six varieties of carob pods, each processed into roasted and unroasted powders, were used to develop 12 prototypes of the beverage. Chemical and physico‐chemical analyses (moisture, ash, fibre, protein, sugars, total‐phenolics, total‐antioxidants, water activity and colour) and sensory tests were conducted.RESULTSThe variety of carob pod had a significant effect on all chemical variables in carob powders (P < 0.01), except for sugars, and when incorporated in the beverage, on moisture, total phenolics, total antioxidant activity and colour parameters (L, a, b; P‐values < 0.001). Roasting treatment significantly increased fibre, total phenolics, total antioxidant activity (P‐values < 0.001), fructose, glucose (P‐values < 0.05), and a‐value levels (P < 0.01), significantly lowered moisture (P < 0.05), water activity, L‐ and b‐values (P‐values < 0.001) in carob powders; and significantly increased the beverage's total phenolics, a‐value (P‐values < 0.001) and total antioxidant activity (P < 0.01). Roasting treatment significantly increased the beverage's acceptability ratings. Beverages formulated with roasted carob powder had higher ratings for level of residue, colour, caramel odour, mocha odour and flavour, roasted coffee odour and flavour, viscosity mouthfeel and bitter aftertaste. Principal component analysis was conducted; PC1 and PC2 separated attributes according to roasting treatment and variety of carob pods, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe use of Akkari roasted and Baladi Ikleem el Kharoob roasted to formulate a carob‐based milk beverage is recommended. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
In ovo administration of copper nanoparticles and copper sulfate positively influences chicken performance
Authors: Mroczek‐Sosnowska Natalia , Łukasiewicz Monika , Wnuk Agnieszka , Sawosz Ewa , Niemiec Jan , Skot Abdullah , Jaworski Sławomir , Chwalibog André 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDCopper (Cu) is a key trace mineral involved in a variety of physiological processes, and is commonly used in poultry production. However, regardless of the inclusion level the majority of Cu is excreted with poultry faeces. We hypothesise that in ovo administration will allow for better utilisation of Cu during embryo development than when supplied post‐natally with feed to growing chickens. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate effects of in ovo administration of NanoCu and copper sulfate (CuSO4) on broiler chicken performance.RESULTSThe study showed the positive influences of Cu nanoparticles and CuSO4 on broiler chickens performance. Body weight, at the end of the rearing period (day 42) was significantly higher in NanoCu (2206 g) and CuSO4 (2402 g) groups compared to the control group (2000 g). Both treatment groups had significantly lower feed conversion rate and mortality, and higher percentage of breast and leg muscles in the carcass versus control.CONCLUSIONThe in ovo application of Cu colloids may ensure an efficient penetration of Cu into the embryonic tissue with long lasting effects on postnatal growth. The method may provide a successful alternative to using Cu as a feed additive. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Nutrition recommendations and science: next parallel steps
Authors: Fogelholm Mikael 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis article examines nutrition recommendations in relation to developments in nutrition science. Combining data on the genome, metabolome and microbiota is likely to open possibilities for personalized nutrition planning, but we are still far from practical applications. However, even these new steps are unlikely to challenge the role and importance of population‐based nutrition recommendations as a tool to promote dietary patterns, policies and public health. Developments in science could help in deriving more benefits from nutrition recommendations. For instance, improved accuracy of dietary intake assessment is needed both for surveillance and for understanding the quantitative interplay between diet and health. Applying metabolomics together with food diaries or questionnaires, and also modern technologies such as digital photography, are potentially interesting methods in this respect. Research on consumer behaviour, attitudes and policy interventions, such as taxation of unhealthy foods and nutrition labelling, are needed to gain more insight into how to change eating behaviour for better health at the population level. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Asbestos exposure and laryngeal cancer mortality
Authors: Peng Wen‐jia , Mi Jing , Jiang Yu‐hong 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisOccupational exposure to asbestos occurs in many workplaces and is well known to cause asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. However, the link between asbestos exposure and other malignancies was not confirmed. The aim of the current meta‐analysis was to provide a summary measure of risk for laryngeal cancer associated with occupational asbestos exposure.Study DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsElectronic databases were searched for studies characterizing the association between asbestos and laryngeal cancer. Standardized mortality rate (SMR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) of each study was combined using a fixed or random effect model.ResultsSignificantly increased SMR for laryngeal cancer was observed when subjects were exposed to asbestos (SMR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.45‐1.97, P < .001), with little evidence of heterogeneity among studies (Q = 15.39, P = .803, I2 = 0.0%). Effect estimates were larger for cohorts controlling for male subjects, Europe and Oceania, mining and textile industries, exposure to crocidolite, long study follow‐up (>25 years), and SMR for lung cancer > 2.0. Publication bias was not detect by Begg test (P = .910) and Egger test (P = .340).ConclusionsOur study supports the association of exposure to asbestos with an increased risk of laryngeal cancer mortality among male workers.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 126:1169–1174, 2016
Chemical‐assisted femtosecond laser writing of optical resonator arrays
Authors: Haque Moez , Herman Peter R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe design of micro‐optical resonator arrays are introduced and tailored towards refractive index sensing applications, building on the previously unexplored benefits of open dielectric stacks. The resonant coupling of identical hollow cavities present strong and narrow spectral resonance bands beyond that available with a single Fabry Perot interferometer. Femtosecond laser irradiation with selective chemical etching is applied to precisely fabricate stacked and waveguide‐coupled open resonators into fused silica, taking advantage of small 12 nm rms surface roughness made available by the self‐alignment of nanograting planes. Refractive index sensing of methanol‐water solutions confirm a very attractive sensing resolution of 6.5 × 10−5 RIU. Such high finesse optical elements open a new realm of optofluidic sensing and integrated optical circuit concepts for detecting minute changes in sample properties against a control solution that may find importance in chemical and biological sensors, telecom sensing networks, biomedical probes, and low‐cost health care products.
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Deep Brain Stimulation in a Case of Mitochondrial Disease
Authors: Martinez‐Ramirez Daniel , Hack Nawaz , Vasquez Matthew L. , Morita Hokuto , Giugni Juan C. , Wolf Janine M. , Romrell Janet , Zeilman Pamela R. , Hess Christopher W. , Foote Kelly D. , Okun Michael S. , Wagle Shukla Aparna 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundDBS has proven to be an effective therapy for Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and primary dystonia. Mixed results have been reported in case series for other hyperkinetic disorders, and sparse data are available regarding secondary movement disorders. We report on the clinical effects of bilateral globus pallidus internus (GPi) DBS, a progressive mitochondrial cytopathy.MethodsA single patient with myoclonus and dystonia syndrome secondary to a mitochondrial cytopathy with history of perinatal hypoxia was identified from our University of Florida DBS database. Demographics, clinical, surgical, and DBS data were documented.ResultsAt 6 months post‐DBS, we observed a 32% (361 to 527) improvement on quality of life (36‐item Medical Outcome Study Short‐Form Health Survey; SF‐36). Objective clinical scales revealed a 33% (143 to 96) improvement in the Unified Myoclonus Rating Scale (UMRS) total score. The UMRS action myoclonus subsection revealed a 29% (69 to 46) improvement. No significant changes were observed in the Burke‐Fahn‐Mardsen Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS). After 1‐year follow‐up, a worsening of 59% (527 to 215) was observed in the SF‐36 scale, of 19% (28.5 to 35) in the BFMDRS, and of 23% (96 to 124) in the UMRS. However, the frequency and intensity of action myoclonus scores remained lower when compared to baseline scores.ConclusionsAlthough we observed a loss of benefit in the long term for most quality‐of‐life and clinical outcomes, the DBS effects on action myoclonus seemed to remain stable. Longer follow‐up studies are necessary to confirm our short‐term and unblinded findings.
The role of the pubococcygeus muscle in the urethrogenital reflex of male rats
Authors: Xicohténcatl‐Rugerio Irving , Corona‐Quintanilla Dora Luz , Nicolás Leticia , Martínez‐Gómez Margarita , Cuevas Estela , Castelán Francisco , Rodríguez‐Antolín Jorge 
Published: September 2015

AimTo determine the response of the pubococcygeus muscle (Pcm) during the urethrogenital reflex (UGR).MethodsUrethane‐anesthetized male rats (n = 20) were used to describe the gross anatomy of the Pcm (n = 3), the effect of the electrical stimulation of the Pcm on the urethral pressure (n = 3), and the reflex activity of the Pcm due to the mechanical stimulation of the urethra (n = 3) and during penile and urethrogenital reflexes (n = 11). The urethral pressure (UP) was recorded as a response to penile stimulation (brushing, extension, and occlusion) and during the UGR; the electromyographic activity of the Pcm was simultaneously evaluated. The role of the Pcm was assessed by measuring urethral pressure variables before and after denervation of this muscle.ResultsThe Pcm is innervated by the caudal branch of the somatomotor branch of the pelvic nerve. The electrically induced contraction of the Pcm increased the UP. The mechanical stimulation of the urethra during the induced micturition caused the reflex activity of the Pcm. The different penile stimuli caused bursts of activity of the Pcm. During the UGR, the Pcm exhibited a tonic activity. The transection of the caudal branch of the Smb reduced the maximal UP during the penile stimulation. The same was true regarding the duration of the UGR, the pressure that triggers the UGR, and the highest pressure observed during the UGR.ConclusionOur results suggest that the activation of the Pcm is relevant for the UGR in male rats. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:80–85, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A simple, stable, and accurate linear tetrahedral finite element for transient, nearly, and fully incompressible solid dynamics: a dynamic variational multiscale approach
Authors: Scovazzi Guglielmo , Carnes Brian , Zeng Xianyi , Rossi Simone 
Published: September 2015

SummaryWe propose a new approach for the stabilization of linear tetrahedral finite elements in the case of nearly incompressible transient solid dynamics computations. Our method is based on a mixed formulation, in which the momentum equation is complemented by a rate equation for the evolution of the pressure field, approximated with piecewise linear, continuous finite element functions. The pressure equation is stabilized to prevent spurious pressure oscillations in computations. Incidentally, it is also shown that many stabilized methods previously developed for the static case do not generalize easily to transient dynamics. Extensive tests in the context of linear and nonlinear elasticity are used to corroborate the claim that the proposed method is robust, stable, and accurate. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of polyimide/siloxane‐functionalized graphene oxide composite films with high mechanical properties and thermal stability via in situ polymerization
Authors: He Liucheng , Zhang Pei , Chen Hongfei , Sun Jun , Wang Jianjun , Qin Chuanxiang , Dai Lixing 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAn effective approach to prepare polyimide/siloxane‐functionalized graphene oxide composite films is reported. The siloxane‐functionalized graphene oxide was obtained by treating graphene oxide (GO) with 1,3‐bis(3‐aminopropyl)‐1,1,3,3‐tetra‐methyldisiloxane (DSX) to obtain DSX‐GO nanosheets, which provided a starting platform for in situ fabrication of the composites by grafting polyimide (PI) chains at the reactive sites of functional DSX‐GO nanosheets. DSX‐GO bonded with the PI matrix through amide linkage to form PI‐DSX‐GO films, in which DSX‐GO exhibited excellent dispersibility and compatibility. It is demonstrated that the obvious reinforcing effect of GO to PI in mechanical properties and thermal stability for PI‐DSX‐GO is obtained. The tensile strength of a composite film containing 1.0 wt% DSX‐GO was 2.8 times greater than that of neat PI films, and Young's modulus was 6.3 times than that of neat PI films. Furthermore, the decomposition temperature of the composite for 5% weight loss was approximately 30 °C higher than that of neat PI films. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of primary ciliary dyskinesia: PCD foundation consensus recommendations based on state of the art review
Authors: Shapiro Adam J. , Zariwala Maimoona A. , Ferkol Thomas , Davis Stephanie D. , Sagel Scott D. , Dell Sharon D. , Rosenfeld Margaret , Olivier Kenneth N. , Milla Carlos , Daniel Sam J. , Kimple Adam J. , Manion Michele , Knowles Michael R. , Leigh Margaret W. ,   for the Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium
Published: September 2015

SummaryPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous, rare lung disease resulting in chronic oto‐sino‐pulmonary disease in both children and adults. Many physicians incorrectly diagnose PCD or eliminate PCD from their differential diagnosis due to inexperience with diagnostic testing methods. Thus far, all therapies used for PCD are unproven through large clinical trials. This review article outlines consensus recommendations from PCD physicians in North America who have been engaged in a PCD centered research consortium for the last 10 years. These recommendations have been adopted by the governing board of the PCD Foundation to provide guidance for PCD clinical centers for diagnostic testing, monitoring, and appropriate short and long‐term therapeutics in PCD patients. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:115–132. © 2015 The Authors. Pediatric Pulmonology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.