bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Setting research priorities to improve the health of children and young people with neurodisability: a British Academy of Childhood Disability-James Lind Alliance Research Priority Setting Partnership
Authors: Morris Christopher , Simkiss Doug , Busk Mary , Morris Maureen , Allard Amanda , Denness Jacob , Janssens Astrid , Stimson Anna , Coghill Joanna , Robinson Kelly , Fenton Mark , Cowan Katherine 
Published: January 2015

ObjectivesTo engage young people, parent carers and clinicians in a systematic process to identify and prioritise research questions regarding ways to improve the health and well-being of children and young people with neurodisability.DesignBritish Academy of Childhood Disability (BACD)-James Lind Alliance research priority setting partnership bringing together patients, carers and clinicians as equal stakeholders.SettingUK health service and community.MethodsThe BACD Strategic Research Group formed the partnership. A Steering Group was established; charity and professional partner organisations were recruited. Suggestions were gathered in an open survey and from research recommendations for statutory guidance. Items were aggregated to formulate indicative research questions and verified as uncertainties from research evidence. An interim survey was used to rank the questions to shortlist topics. A mixed group of stakeholders discussed the top 25 questions at the final priority setting workshop agreeing a final rank order and the top 10 research priorities.ParticipantsPartner organisations were 13 charities and 8 professional societies. 369 people submitted suggestions (40% non-clinicians). 76 people participated in the interim prioritisation (26 parents, 1 young person, 10 charity representatives, 39 clinicians); 22 took part in the final workshop (3 young people, 7 parents, 3 charity representatives, 9 professionals).ResultsThe top three research priorities related to (1) establishing the optimal frequency and intensity (dose) for mainstream therapies, (2) means for selecting and encouraging use of communication strategies and (3) ways to improve children's attitudes towards disability. The top 10 included evaluating interventions to promote mobility, self-efficacy, mental health, continence, physical fitness, educational inclusion and reduce impacts of sleep disturbance.ConclusionsThe methodology provided a systematic and transparent process to identify research priorities that included stakeholders that have typically not contributed to setting the research agenda. The top 10 and other topics identified provide a resource for researchers and agencies that fund research
Efficacy of psychosocial interventions for psychological and pregnancy outcomes in infertile women and men: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Frederiksen Yoon , Farver-Vestergaard Ingeborg , Skovgård Ninna Grønhøj , Ingerslev Hans Jakob , Zachariae Robert 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the evidence on the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for improving pregnancy rates and reducing distress for couples in treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library between 1978 and April 2014.Study selectionStudies were considered eligible if they evaluated the effect of any psychosocial intervention on clinical pregnancy and/or distress in infertile participants, used a quantitative approach and were published in English.Data extractionStudy characteristics and results were extracted and the methodological quality was assessed. Effect sizes (ES; Hedges g) were pooled using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q statistic and I2, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s method. Possible moderators and mediators were explored with meta-analyses of variances (ANOVAs) and meta-regression.ResultsWe identified 39 eligible studies (total N=2746 men and women) assessing the effects of psychological treatment on pregnancy rates and/or adverse psychological outcomes, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, infertility stress and marital function. Statistically significant and robust overall effects of psychosocial intervention were found for both clinical pregnancy (risk ratio=2.01; CI 1.48 to 2.73; p<0.001) and combined psychological outcomes (Hedges g=0.59; CI 0.38 to 0.80; p=0.001). The pooled ES for psychological outcomes were generally larger for women (g: 0.51 to 0.73) than men (0.13 to 0.34), but the difference only reached statistical significance for depressive symptoms (p=0.004). Meta-regression indicated that larger reductions in anxiety were associated with greater improvement in pregnancy rates (Slope 0.19; p=0.004). No clear-cut differences were found between effects of cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT; g=0.84), mind–body interventions (0.61) and other intervention types (0.50).ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis suggests that psychosocial interventions for couples in treatment for infertility, in particular CBT, could be efficacious, both in reducing psychological distress and in improving clinical pregnancy rates.
Adoption factors associated with electronic health record among long-term care facilities: a systematic review
Authors: Kruse Clemens Scott , Mileski Michael , Alaytsev Vyachelslav , Carol Elizabeth , Williams Ariana 
Published: January 2015

ObjectivesThe Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act created incentives for adopting electronic health records (EHRs) for some healthcare organisations, but long-term care (LTC) facilities are excluded from those incentives. There are realisable benefits of EHR adoption in LTC facilities; however, there is limited research about this topic. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to identify EHR adoption factors for LTC facilities that are ineligible for the HITECH Act incentives.SettingWe conducted systematic searches of Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Complete via Ebson B. Stephens Company (EBSCO Host), Google Scholar and the university library search engine to collect data about EHR adoption factors in LTC facilities since 2009.ParticipantsSearch results were filtered by date range, full text, English language and academic journals (n=22).InterventionsMultiple members of the research team read each article to confirm applicability and study conclusions.Primary and secondary outcome measuresResearchers identified common themes across the literature: specifically facilitators and barriers to adoption of the EHR in LTC.ResultsResults identify facilitators and barriers associated with EHR adoption in LTC facilities. The most common facilitators include access to information and error reduction. The most prevalent barriers include initial costs, user perceptions and implementation problems.ConclusionsSimilarities span the system selection phases and implementation process; of those, cost was the most common mentioned. These commonalities should help leaders in LTC facilities align strategic decisions to EHR adoption. This review may be useful for decision-makers attempting successful EHR adoption, policymakers trying to increase adoption rates without expanding incentives and vendors that produce EHRs.
Diagnostic performance of reproducible chest wall tenderness to rule out acute coronary syndrome in acute chest pain: a prospective diagnostic study
Authors: Gräni Christoph , Senn Oliver , Bischof Manuel , Cippà Pietro E , Hauffe Till , Zimmerli Lukas , Battegay Edouard , Franzen Daniel 
Published: January 2015

ObjectivesAcute chest pain (ACP) is a leading cause of hospital emergency unit consultation. As there are various underlying conditions, ranging from musculoskeletal disorders to acute coronary syndrome (ACS), thorough clinical diagnostics are warranted. The aim of this prospective study was to assess whether reproducible chest wall tenderness (CWT) on palpation in patients with ACP can help to rule out ACS.MethodsIn this prospective, double-blinded diagnostic study, all consecutive patients assessed in the emergency unit at the University Hospital Zurich because of ACP between July 2012 and December 2013 were included when a member of the study team was present. Reproducible CWT on palpation was the initial step and was recorded before further examinations were initiated. The final diagnosis was adjudicated by a study-independent physician.Results121 patients (60.3% male, median age 47 years, IQR 34–66.5 years) were included. The prevalence of ACS was 11.6%. Non-reproducible CWT had a high sensitivity of 92.9% (95% CI 66.1% to 98.8%) for ACS and the presence of reproducible CWT ruled out ACS (p=0.003) with a high negative predictive value (98.1%, 95% CI 89.9% to 99.7%). Conversely non-reproducible CWT ruled in ACS with low specificity (48.6%, 95% CI 38.8% to 58.5%) and low positive predictive value (19.1%, 95% CI 10.6% to 30.5%).ConclusionsThis prospective diagnostic study supports the concept that reproducible CWT helps to rule out ACS in patients with ACP in an early stage of the evaluation process. However, ACS and other diagnoses should be considered in patients with a negative CWT test.Trial registration numberClinicalTrial.gov:NCT01724996.
Socioeconomic inequalities in cause-specific mortality in 15 European cities
Authors: Marí-Dell'Olmo Marc , Gotsens Mercè , Palència Laia , Burström Bo , Corman Diana , Costa Giuseppe , Deboosere Patrick , Díez Èlia , Domínguez-Berjón Felicitas , Dzúrová Dagmar , Gandarillas Ana , Hoffmann Rasmus , Kovács Katalin , Martikainen Pekka , Demaria Moreno , Pikhart Hynek , Rodríguez-Sanz Maica , Saez Marc , Santana Paula , Schwierz Cornelia , Tarkiainen Lasse , Borrell Carme 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundSocioeconomic inequalities are increasingly recognised as an important public health issue, although their role in the leading causes of mortality in urban areas in Europe has not been fully evaluated. In this study, we used data from the INEQ-CITIES study to analyse inequalities in cause-specific mortality in 15 European cities at the beginning of the 21st century.MethodsA cross-sectional ecological study was carried out to analyse 9 of the leading specific causes of death in small areas from 15 European cities. Using a hierarchical Bayesian spatial model, we estimated smoothed Standardized Mortality Ratios, relative risks and 95% credible intervals for cause-specific mortality in relation to a socioeconomic deprivation index, separately for men and women.ResultsWe detected spatial socioeconomic inequalities for most causes of mortality studied, although these inequalities differed markedly between cities, being more pronounced in Northern and Central-Eastern Europe. In the majority of cities, most of these causes of death were positively associated with deprivation among men, with the exception of prostatic cancer. Among women, diabetes, ischaemic heart disease, chronic liver diseases and respiratory diseases were also positively associated with deprivation in most cities. Lung cancer mortality was positively associated with deprivation in Northern European cities and in Kosice, but this association was non-existent or even negative in Southern European cities. Finally, breast cancer risk was inversely associated with deprivation in three Southern European cities.ConclusionsThe results confirm the existence of socioeconomic inequalities in many of the main causes of mortality, and reveal variations in their magnitude between different European cities.
Access to green space, physical activity and mental health: a twin study
Authors: Cohen-Cline Hannah , Turkheimer Eric , Duncan Glen E 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundIncreasing global urbanisation has resulted in a greater proportion of the world's population becoming exposed to risk factors unique to urban areas, and understanding these effects on public health is essential. The aim of this study was to examine the association between access to green space and mental health among adult twin pairs.MethodsWe used a multilevel random intercept model of same-sex twin pairs (4338 individuals) from the community-based University of Washington Twin Registry to analyse the association between access to green space, as measured by the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index and self-reported depression, stress, and anxiety. The main parameter of interest was the within-pair effect for identical (monozygotic, MZ) twins because it was not subject to confounding by genetic or shared childhood environment factors. Models were adjusted for income, physical activity, neighbourhood deprivation and population density.ResultsWhen treating twins as individuals and not as members of a twin pair, green space was significantly inversely associated with each mental health outcome. The association with depression remained significant in the within-pair MZ univariate and adjusted models; however, there was no within-pair MZ effect for stress or anxiety among the models adjusted for income and physical activity.ConclusionsThese results suggest that greater access to green space is associated with less depression, but provide less evidence for effects on stress or anxiety. Understanding the mechanisms linking neighbourhood characteristics to mental health has important public health implications. Future studies should combine twin designs and longitudinal data to strengthen causal inference.
Metabolic syndrome components as markers to prognosticate the risk of developing chronic kidney disease: evidence-based study with 6492 individuals
Authors: Zomorrodian Davoud , Khajavi-Rad Abolfazl , Avan Amir , Ebrahimi Mahmoud , Nematy Mohsen , Azarpazhooh Mahmoud Reza , Emamian Marzieh , Sadeghzade Mahsa , Mirhafez Seyed Reza , Mohammadi Maryam , Mousavi Mina , Esmaeili Habibollah , Moohebati Mohsen , Parizadeh Mohammad Reza , Ferns Gordon A , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveThe global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) appears to be increasing and the impact of this condition on potential comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease is high. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is also a potential comorbidity of MetS but the method of screening for this is somewhat controversial. Thus, predictive markers that can predict the risk of developing CKD are warranted for identification of patients with MetS at an increased risk.Research methods/patientsWe investigated the occurrence of CKD in 6492 individuals, either with or without MetS.ResultsOur results showed that the prevalence of CKD was markedly higher in those individuals with MetS, and increased progressively with the number of MetS components and age. Waist circumference, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly (p<0.05) associated with altered levels of urea nitrogen, glomerular filtration rate and creatinine, and were related to the increased risk of CKD (eg, OR 1.293 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.52; p=0.002)). The relative risk of CKD remained statistically significant for uric acid following multivariate analyses and adjusting for MetS-associated factors.ConclusionsOur data demonstrated the association of MetS components with CKD in our population and revealed that susceptibility to CKD was increased with the number of defining features of MetS. These findings prompt prospective studies to determine the impact of preventing and detecting MetS on the risk of developing CKD.
The Kolmården serpentine marble in Sweden: a stone found both in castles and people's homes
Authors: Wikström Anders , Pereira Dolores 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The Kolmården serpentine marble is a well known Svecofennian marble from Sweden, and here it is proposed as a possible ‘Global Heritage Stone Resource’. This marble matches the newly proposed designation ideally, since for many years it has been used in the construction of major historical buildings, as well as famous buildings of national and international importance. The Kolmården marble continues to be quarried today.
Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary
Authors: Hjartardóttir Á. R. , Einarsson P. , Magnúsdóttir S. , Björnsdóttir Þ. , Brandsdóttir B. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Few divergent plate boundaries are subaerial. Active rifts in Iceland provide valuable surface information on divergent spreading processes, rifting and faulting. The 200 km long and 50 km wide Northern Volcanic Rift Zone (NVZ) is composed of 7 volcanic systems, each consisting of a central volcano with a transecting fissure swarm. Fractures and postglacial eruptive fissures in the NVZ were analysed using aerial photographs and satellite images to study their characteristics and behaviour. While non-eruptive fractures characterize the distal (
c.
40–100 km) parts of the fissure swarms, eruptive fissures are most common at distances less than
c.
20–30 km from the central volcano. Fractures within the fissure swarms are generally subparallel, with a N–NNE strike. Irregular orientations are associated with calderas within the central volcanoes Askja and Krafla, and at the junction of the NVZ and the Tjörnes Fracture Zone, where high fracture densities also occur. WNW-orientated fractures at the southern end of the Krafla Fissure Swarm, and the northern end of the Kverkfjöll Fissure Swarm, exhibit surface expressions of a transform zone. The fissure swarms within the rift zone are mostly seismically and geodetically inactive, becoming highly active during rifting events that occur at time intervals of tens to a few hundred years.
High Dose Dexmedetomidine: Effective as a Sole Agent Sedation for Children Undergoing MRI
Authors: Ahmed Sheikh Sohail , Unland Tamara , Slaven James E. , Nitu Mara E. 
Published: January 2015

Objective. To determine the efficacy and safety of high dose dexmedetomidine as a sole sedative agent for MRI. We report our institution’s experience.Design. A retrospective institutional review of dexmedetomidine usage for pediatric MRI over 5.5 years. Protocol included a dexmedetomidine bolus of 2 μg/kg intravenously over ten minutes followed by 1 μg/kg/hr infusion. 544 patients received high dose dexmedetomidine for MRI. A second bolus was used in 103 (18.9%) patients. 117 (21.5%) required additional medications. Efficacy, side effects, and use of additional medicines to complete the MRI were reviewed. Data was analyzed using Student’st-test, Fisher’s exact test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).Main Results.Dexmedetomidine infusion was associated with bradycardia (3.9%) and hypotension (18.4%). None of the patients required any intervention. Vital signs were not significantly different among the subgroup of patients receiving one or two boluses of dexmedetomidine or additional medications. Procedure time was significantly shorter in the group receiving only one dexmedetomidine bolus and increased with second bolus or additional medications (P<0.0001). Discharge time was longer for children experiencing bradycardia (P=0.0012).Conclusion. High dose Dexmedetomidine was effective in 78.5% of cases; 21.5% of patients required additional medications. Side effects occurred in approximately 25% of cases, resolving spontaneously.Corrigendum to “High Dose Dexmedetomidine: Effective as a Sole Agent Sedation for Children Undergoing MRI”
Submucosal Injection Solution for Endoscopic Resection in Gastrointestinal Tract: A Traditional and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huai Zhang Yu , Feng Xian Wei , Chang Jiang Luo , Xi Chen Wang 
Published: January 2015

Objective. To explore and define the current optimal submucosal injection solution used in ESD and EMR for gastrointestinal tract neoplasms in terms of clinical outcomes and other aspects.Methods. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and clinical trials register center were searched with terms of “endoscopic resection” and “submucosal injection solution” to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Both direct comparison using traditional meta-analysis method and indirect comparison using network meta-analysis method were performed.Results. A total of 11 RCTs with 1152 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with normal saline, other submucosal injection solutions induced a significant increase in terms ofen blocresection rate(I2=0%, OR = 2.11, 95% CI (1.36, 3.26), andP= 0.008)and complete resection rate(I2=0%, OR = 2.14, 95% CI (1.41, 3.24), andP= 0.0003); and there was no significant difference in the incidence of total complications(I2=0%, OR = 0.87, 95% CI (0.59, 1.29), andP= 0.49).Conclusions. Other newly developed submucosal injection solutions significantly increaseden blocresection rate and complete resection rate and decreased bleeding rate and finical cost of endoscopic resection in gastrointestinal tract, while current evidence did not find the difference between them, which need to be explored by further studies.
Red cell distribution width and carotid atherosclerosis progression The Tromsø Study
Authors: Ellingsen Trygve , Vik Anders , Skjelbakken Tove , Brox Jan , Mathiesen Ellisiv , Johnsen Stein Harald , Brækkan Sigrid , Hansen John-Bjarne , Lappegård Jostein 
Published: January 2015

SummaryRed cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of the size variability of circulating erythrocytes, is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate whether RDW was associated with progression of atherosclerotic plaques in subjects recruited from the general population. Baseline characteristics, including RDW, were collected from 4677 participants in the fourth survey of the Tromsø Study conducted in 1994/95. Prevalence of carotid plaques and total plaque area (TPA) were assessed by ultrasonographic imaging at baseline and after seven years of follow-up. Generalised linear models were used to analyse change in TPA across tertiles of RDW. Change in TPA was significantly higher across tertiles of RDW in crude analysis and in multivariable analysis adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. The mean change in TPA increased from 5.6 mm2 (4.9–6.4) in tertile 1 (RDW ≤ 12.6 %) to 6.7 mm2 (5.9–7.6) in tertile 3 (RDW ≥ 13.3) in multivariable analysis adjusted for body mass index, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, self-reported diabetes, smoking status, platelet count, white blood cell count, and hs-CRP levels (p for trend 0.003). A 1 % increase in RDW was associated with 0.6 mm2 (0.1–1.2) increase in TPA in multivariable analysis (p=0.03). RDW was associated with progression of atherosclerosis after adjustments for traditional atherosclerotic risk factors. Our findings suggest that the link between RDW and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality may be explained by atherosclerosis.