bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-Minimization Analysis for Subcutaneous Daratumumab in the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in Three Gulf Countries
Authors: Hamad Anas , Elazzazy Shereen , Taha Ruba Y. , Osman Hani , Alblooshi Sana , Elkonaissi Islam , Siddiqui Mustaqeem A. , Al-Farsi Khalil , Al Lamki Mohammed , Emara Sali , Elsisi Gihan H. 
Published: July 2024

Background: The second most common hematologic cancer worldwide is multiple myeloma (MM), with incidence and mortality rates that have more than doubled over the past 30 years. The safety and efficacy of daratumumab regimens in the treatment of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) is demonstrated in clinical trials. Objective: To assess the financial effects of the adoption of subcutaneous daratumumab (dara-SC) rather than intravenous daratumumab (dara-IV) for the treatment of NDMM in three Gulf countries (Qatar, Oman and the United Arab Emirates; UAE), a cost-minimization model was constructed. Methods: We performed static cost minimization analyses from a societal perspective to evaluate the costs and possible reductions in resource utilization associated with a shift from dara-IV infusion to dara-SC injection for NDMM patients over a 5-year time horizon. The model included 2 scenarios: the current scenario in which 100% of patients with NDMM are treated with dara-IV infusion and a future scenario in which dara-SC injection is gradually adopted over the modeled time horizon. The model differentiated precisely between autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT)–eligible and ASCT-ineligible NDMM patients in terms of their number in each group and the associated therapeutic regimens. One-way sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Results: The model showed that the use of dara-SC in NDMM patients who were eligible or ineligible for ASCT resulted in lower non-drug costs, including premedication drug costs, adverse-effect costs, administration costs, medical staff costs, and indirect costs. The resulting total savings over the 5-year time horizon of the model for Hamad Medical Corporation, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital/Royal Hospital, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City (SSMC), and Tawam Hospital were QAR −2 522 686, OMR −143 214, AED −30 010 627, and AED −5 003 471, respectively. Conclusion: The introduction of dara-SC as a front-line treatment for NDMM patients in Qatar (Hamad Medical Corporation), Oman (Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Royal Hospital-MOH), and the UAE (SSMC and Tawam Hospital) can help save resources and minimize constraints on the healthcare system.
Hubungan suhu rumah dan kontak penderita dengan kejadian penularan tuberkulosis di Kecamatan Manonjaya Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Authors: Dewi Candrawati Puspita , Raharjo Mursid , Adi Mateus Sakundarno 
Published: July 2024

Berdasarkan data Global Tuberculosis Report WHO tahun 2021 menyatakan bahwa dari 7,1 juta pada tahun 2019 menjadi 5,8 juta pada tahun 2020, penurunan 17% sekitar 16 negara penyumbang penurunan ini adalah India, Indonesia, Filipina yang terkena dampak terparah. Berkurangnya akses ke diagnosis dan pengobatan TB telah mengangkibatkan peningkatan kematian TB, diperkirakan tahun 2020 adalah 1,3 juta kematian TB. Kasus TB di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya masih 45% dan ada yang TB RO sebanyak 36% (43 orang) dan penemuan suspek TB juga masih belum mencapai target, yaitu baru 40%. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan suhu rumah dan kontak penderita dengan kejadian tuberkulosis di Kecamatan Manonjaya Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Desain penelitian menggunakan case control. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2024 di Kecamatan Manonjaya Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 128 responden. Variabel independen yaitu suhu rumah dah kontak penderita. Variabel dependen yaitu insiden penularan tuberkulosis paru. Instrumen adalah lembar observasi. Data dianalisis uji chi square menggunakan SPSS. Penelitian ini menerapkan prinsip kerahasiaan, informasi bermanfaat dan pengembangan ilmu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan suhu rumah (OR=2,15; 95% CI; 1,05-4,37) dan kontak penderita (OR=4,31; 95% CI; 2,04-9,11) dengan kejadian penularan tuberculosis dalam rumah. Simpulan yaitu terdapat hubungan suhu rumah dan kontak penderita dengan kejadian tuberculosis di Kecamatan Manonjaya Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Penderita tuberculosis dan keluarga pasien dapat melakukan upaya pencegahan sehingga dapat mencegah penularan dari penyakit tuberculosis tersebut.
The Role of Human Resource Development in Ensuring Social Security in the Northern Midlands and Mountainous Region
Authors: Pham Thi Thuy  , Le Huong Giang  
Published: July 2024

The Northern Midlands and Mountains are one of the 6 economic regions of the country. The country's renovation has brought many important economic and social achievements, including strengthening the social security policy system. However, over the past, the social security policy system has also revealed many shortcomings that need improvement. The paper focuses on the analysis of the workforce in the Northern Midlands and Mountains and offers solutions and recommendations for human resource development to meet social security goals. The author proposes two main groups of solutions based on the current situation.
Perancangan Ulang Komponen Condensate Booster Pump pada System Re-Injeksi di PLTP X
Authors: Adityawarman Dzaky Fauzan Hilmy , Melkias Alvera Apridalianti , Prayogo Sapto 
Published: July 2024

PLTP X is a power plant located in West Java, at this time PLTP X uses 2 condensate booster pumps that experience a discrepancy between the pump operation area specification and the actual condition. This problem causes vibration and decreased efficiency thus causing damage to the pump components. The purpose of this research itself is to design pump components in the form of impellers, shafts, pegs, & volutes. Another goal is to calculate the energy savings resulting from the design. This research has a quantitative and experimental nature. The data used is operational data of the PLTP X and other secondary data issued by the PLTP X. The required technical specifications are a head ±130 m, a capacity of 60 m3/h, a rotation of 2970 RPM & an efficiency > 60%. Based on the results of this study, it was obtained that the pump is a type of low discharge high pressure centrifuge, then the design of this pump has a head of 128.4 m, a capacity of 60 m3/h, an efficiency of 67% and has succeeded in saving energy of 107586.16 kWh per year at its point of operation.
КОММЕНТАРИИ К ЧУВАШСКИМ МАТЕРИАЛАМ Г.Ф. МИЛЛЕРА
Authors: Савельев Александр Владиславович 
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена анализу чувашских языковых материалов, задокументированных в 1733 г. участником Великой Северной экспедиции, членом Петербургской Академии наук Герхардом Фридрихом Миллером. Общий объем чувашской лексики, записанной им на севере Чувашии и в окрестностях Казани, составил более трехсот основ. Таким образом, речь идет о наиболее раннем памятнике чувашского языка из тех, объем которых позволяет составить полноценное представление об облике «исторических» чувашских диалектов. В статье показано, что орфография памятника носит достаточно системный характер, а языковой материал является принципиально доступным для интерпретации сточки зрения исторической фонетики, морфологии и лексикологии, причем некоторые особенности «миллеровских» диалектов чувашского языка носят особо архаичный характер.
New Insights into the Internal Structure of GJ 1214 b Informed by JWST
Authors: Nixon Matthew C. , Piette Anjali A. A. , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Gao Peter , Bean Jacob L. , Steinrueck Maria E. , Mahajan Alexandra S. , Eastman Jason D. , Zhang Michael , Rogers Leslie A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Recent JWST observations of the sub-Neptune GJ 1214 b suggest that it hosts a high-metallicity (≳100× solar), hazy atmosphere. Emission spectra of the planet show molecular absorption features, most likely due to atmospheric H2O. In light of this new information, we conduct a thorough reevaluation of the planet’s internal structure. We consider interior models with mixed H/He/H2O envelopes of varying composition, informed by atmospheric constraints from the JWST phase curve, in order to determine possible bulk compositions and internal structures. Self-consistent atmospheric models consistent with the JWST observations are used to set boundary conditions for the interior. We find that a total envelope mass fraction of at least 8.1% is required to explain the planet’s mass and radius. Regardless of H2O content, the maximum H/He mass fraction of the planet is 5.8%. We find that a 1:1 ice-to-rock ratio along with 3.4%–4.8% H/He is also a permissible solution. In addition, we consider a pure H2O (steam) envelope and find that such a scenario is possible, albeit with a high ice-to-rock ratio of at least 3.76:1, which may be unrealistic from a planet formation standpoint. We discuss possible formation pathways for the different internal structures that are consistent with observations. Since our results depend strongly on the atmospheric composition and haze properties, more precise observations of the planet’s atmosphere would allow for further constraints on its internal structure. This type of analysis can be applied to any sub-Neptune with atmospheric constraints to better understand its interior.
Inflammation and Macrophage Loss Mark Increased Susceptibility in a Genetic Model of Acute Viral Infection–Induced Tissue Damage
Authors: Annis Jessica L , Brown Michael G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
M.R2k/b mice are identical to the MA/My parent strain aside from a 5.58-Mb C57L-derived region on chromosome 17 (Cmv5s) that causes increased susceptibility to acute murine CMV (MCMV) infection and the development of significant spleen tissue damage. Spleen pathology begins at the marginal zone (MZ), apparent by 2 d postinfection (dpi), and progresses throughout the red pulp by 4 dpi. To better understand how M.R2k/b mice respond to infection and how Cmv5s contributes to tissue damage in the spleen, we assessed the regulation of myeloid cells and inflammation during acute MCMV infection in MA/My and M.R2k/b mice. We found that Cmv5s drove increased neutrophil accumulation and cell death at the MZ, which corresponded with evidence of localized oxidative stress and increased overall spleen IL-6 and TGF-β1 early during infection. Further assessment of MCMV infection dynamics at the early MZ revealed infected SIGNR1+ MZ macrophages as the first apparent cell type lost during infection in these mice and the likely target of early neutrophil recruitment. Spleen macrophages were also identified as the mediators of differential spleen IL-6 and TGF-β1 between MA/My and M.R2k/b mice. Interrogation of MCMV progression past 2 dpi revealed substantial M.R2k/b F480+ red pulp macrophage loss along with buildup of oxidative stress and MZ macrophage debris that was not neutrophil dependent. Together we identify Cmv5s-driven macrophage loss and inflammation during acute MCMV infection corresponding with the spatial and temporal development of spleen tissue damage.
Quadriceps tendon autograft for primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in comparison to hamstring tendon autografts
Authors: Abouheif Mohamed Mahmoud 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
One of the pillars of successful anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is the choice of the ideal graft substitute. The central one-third of the quadriceps tendon is apparently a good autograft option, representing a modular reconstructive option with minimal donor site morbidity. The aim of this research is to compare the functional outcome of primary ACL reconstruction using quadriceps tendon autografts in comparison to the hamstring tendon autograft.

Patients and methods
This prospective, randomized clinical study included 60 patients with torn ACL randomly divided into group I (the control group), whereby ACL reconstruction was performed using the hamstring tendon autograft or group II (the study group), whereby ACL reconstruction was done using the central part of quadriceps tendon pure soft tissue autograft. The study was performed in our hospital between January 2016 and March 2018. The mean follow-up period was 2.2 ± 0.4 years. Assessment was done clinically using the IKDC 2000 subjective and objective scoring system. Objective laxity measurements were performed using the KT-1000 at the end of follow-up.

Results
Clinical assessment of the patients in the 6th month postoperatively and at the end of follow-up averaged 2.2 ± 0.4 years according to the IKDC 2000 Subjective and Objective Scoring System and revealed significantly better results for group II in early postoperative after 6 months, with comparable results at the end of follow-up. Objective laxity measurements at the end of follow-up revealed that the side-to-side difference is a little bit better in the quad group with no statistically significant results.

Conclusion
The central part of the quadriceps tendon is a viable autograft option for primary ACL reconstruction with good mid-term functional results, and minimal donor site morbidity as compared with the standard most commonly used hamstring tendon autograft; however, a longer term and multicenter studies are still needed to validate its routine use.
Isolated lateral malleolus fractures; operative versus nonoperative treatment
Authors: Qashwa Omar , Abdelrazek Begad H. , Waly Mohamed R. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Many surgeons would advocate surgical management for isolated stable Weber type B ankle fractures to avoid hazards of nonoperative management. Concerns about surgical risks urge other surgeons to consider nonoperative alternatives. Hence, it has become apparent that this type of fracture requires precise assessment of the overall ankle stability to achieve good outcomes using either operative or nonoperative treatment.

Aim
This study aimed to compare surgical and nonsurgical management of non or minimally-displaced stable Weber B ankle fractures regarding functional and radiological outcomes.

Patients and methods
This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted between June 2021 and December 2022, involving 58 patients with stable isolated Weber B fractures with intact syndesmosis, in which stability was determined by Weight-bearing (WB) stress radiographs. Patients were randomized to group A [operative treatment with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)] or group B (nonoperative treatment with cast), including 29 patients in each group. Primary outcome analysis included American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score at 1-year follow-up for functional outcome. Secondary outcome analysis included an EQ-5D-5L questionnaire at 1 year for health status/functional outcome, in addition to a 3-weekly radiographic assessment till fracture union and at 6 months for radiological outcome.

Results
There were no significant differences identified between surgical and nonsurgical management of Weber B fractures concerning functional outcome; the mean American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score at the end of the follow-up was (97.93 ± 4.123) for the operative group and (97.24 ± 4.549) for the conservative group (P-value= 0.548). Concerning quality of life (QoL), this study identified no differences between surgical and nonsurgical management. Radiological union was significantly earlier with the operative group, however, at 6 months, both groups showed fully radiologically united fibula on plain radiographs.

Conclusion
Nonoperative management is comparable with operative management for such type of fracture. Consequently, when deciding the optimal intervention for patients with such injuries it is important to consider individual surgeon’s experience and other outcomes such as effects and cost. A conversation regarding treatment options should be held with the patient.
Intra Articular Calcaneal Fracture with Subtaler Joint Depression: Minimally Invasive Sinus Tarsi Approach for Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Authors: Bayomy Essayed Mahmoud , Hussein Emad Sanad , Saad Moustafa Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Background
Numerous studies have demonstrated that fractures of the calcaneum, which account for a significant fraction of major tarsal bone fractures, are linked to severe and protracted impairment. This study aimed to evaluate minimally invasive sinus tarsi approach (STA) for open reduction and internal fixation of calcaneal fracture with joint depression to clarify and identify it benefits and drawbacks.

Methods
This prospective cohort research was performed on all adult cases with a displaced intra articular calcaneus fracture who were admitted to our institution. Patients aged of 14 to 60 years with unilateral, isolated, uncomplicated fractures were included.

Results
Our study conducted on 31patients with 34 fractures with a mean age of 34 years (type II 47% and type III 53%). The mean duration of follow-up was 20.45 months, the mean American orthopaedic foot and ankle society was 91.38% and the mean Maryland foot score was 94.79%. Pain and discomfort" were reported by 14 patients in regards to their foot. Seven individuals were found to have soreness at the locations of the posterior screws. The remaining 7 cases were identified as having complex regional pain syndrome, which is characterised by persistent foot pain, particularly when bearing weight. Sural nerve dystrophy was the only patient's complaint. One patient exhibited slight toe clawing.

Conclusion
The STA is a minimally invasive intervention utilised in the treatment of calcaneal fractures. It enables anatomic reduction of articular surfaces and allows for a clear view of the fracture.
The role of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging in the prediction of triple hamstring tendon graft size in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective study
Authors: Gaarour Osama S. , Mounir Ahmed M. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Hamstring tendon grafts are efficacious and safe options for the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. However, a minimum graft size of seven millimeters is required to enhance its outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to seek an effective and noninvasive way to predict the graft size to properly choose the reconstruction method.

Patients and methods
We prospectively included the data of 93 cases undergoing ACL reconstruction using triple hamstring graft. The measured graft size was correlated with cross-sectional area (CSA) of gracilis (G) and semitendinosus (ST), measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before the operation.

Results
The measured CSA of G and ST had mean values of 7.07 (range, 4–10.3) and 11.35 millimeters (range, 7.8–17.6), respectively. The combined CSA ranged between 12 and 27.6 mm (mean = 18.41). The cutoff point that was correlated with a graft diameter greater than or equal to 8 was a combined CSA of 16.9 mm. A significant positive correlation was detected between graft diameter and patients’ weight, height, G CSA, ST CSA, and combined CSA. The area under the curve was 0.8, 0.801, and 0.833 for G CSA, ST CSA, and combined CSA, respectively. Linear regression analysis showed the reliable ability of MRI parameters to predict graft diameter.

Conclusion
MRI has a reliable predictive ability for the hamstring graft size used in ACL reconstruction. Its application should be encouraged in the orthopedic setting for such patients.
Total hip arthroplasty in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: challenges and midterm results
Authors: Eid Ahmed S. , Kotb Ahmed , Hashem Mohammed H. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
To assess the effectiveness of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Introduction
The prevalence of hip disease in AS ranges from 19 to 36%, with 90% of patients affected bilaterally. Hip involvement in AS patients represents a substantial clinical challenge. While THA using cemented and cementless implants offers a valid treatment option, the complexities of AS-related osteoporosis, diminished spinopelvic mobility, reduced bone union, and femoral deformities necessitate tailored surgical strategies.

Patients and methods
This retrospective case series study involved 11 patients (equating to 20 hip joints). These patients were diagnosed with AS that affected their hips and underwent THA. The study spans from 2012 to 2018, with a minimum follow-up 5 years. The mean age at the time of operation was 25.2 ± 4.6 years and the mean duration of follow-up was 5.6 ± 0.6 yrs. Follow-up was assessed using Harris Hip Score (HHS) preoperatively, 6 months, 1 year, and at last follow-up postoperatively with a mean period of 6.4 (5–8) years.

Results
The mean preoperative HHS was 15.3 ± 6.6, while in the last follow-up, the mean HHS was 76.3 ± 4.2. The comparison between preoperative mean HHS and the last follow-up was highly significant. There were no postoperative complications except an iatrogenic fracture of the acetabulum.

Conclusion
AS is a painful and debilitating disease. THA in patients with AS causes a significant improvement in patient’s pain and function. THA is a definitive solution for the crippling fate of these patients with advanced hip OA.
Is it inevitable to have dynamic horizontal acromioclavicular joint instability with a single tightrope?
Authors: Arafa Mohamed S. , Ibrahim Mohamed , Lädermann Alexandre , Magdy Ahmed , Elkayal Engy S. 
Published: July 2024

Background and purpose
Literature showed that single Tightrope fixation in acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation cases does not secure horizontal joint stability. A positive clinical cross-body adduction test is a usual outcome finding. We hypothesized that some cases might have some degree of horizontal stability, which might be confirmed with ultrasound examination.

Methods
This clinical study was performed on 27 patients who underwent single Tightrope application in acute ACJ dislocation. Patients were divided into group A which had an arthroscopic technique, and group B which had an open technique augmented with trans-ACJ fixation using two k-wires for 6 weeks. A clinical examination of the operated shoulders was done, and the results were compared with the sound shoulder examination in the same patient at the last 24 months postoperative follow-up visit. Besides, the results of the cross-body adduction test were correlated with ultrasound findings at the same visit. Records, operative details, and postoperative radiography were reviewed to assess if any factors would diminish the dynamic horizontal stability of the ACJ. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated per case.

Results
Group A had 17 patients (three patients had grade III dislocations, and 14 patients had grade V dislocations). Group B had 10 patients (four patients had grade III dislocations, and six patients had grade V dislocations). The clinical cross-body adduction test gave gross positive results in 14 patients out of group A patients while it gave gross positive results in six patients out of group B patients. Group A patients with negative results were 3, while group B patients with negative results were 4. By ultrasound, differences in horizontal translation of the clavicle within the ACJ in resting and cross-arm positions were more obvious in all operated shoulders than in all sound shoulders.

Conclusion
The less the Rockwood grading, the more potential to secure more horizontal stability. An open approach also gives more horizontal stability. With increased BMI, horizontal instability is usually masked. So, some factors may diminish, or mask clinical dynamic horizontal instability, which can be confirmed or rolled out with ultrasound usage.