bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of a xylosylated plant glycoprotein as an internal standard accounting for N‐linked glycan cleavage and sample preparation variability
Authors: Walker S. Hunter , Taylor Amber D. , Muddiman David C. 
Published: May 2013

RATIONALETraditionally, free oligosaccharide internal standards are used to account for variability in glycan relative quantification experiments by mass spectrometry. However, a more suitable internal standard would be a glycoprotein, which could also control for enzymatic cleavage efficiency, allowing for more accurate quantitative experiments.METHODSHydrophobic, hydrazide N‐linked glycan reagents (both native and stable‐isotope labeled) are used to derivatize and differentially label N‐linked glycan samples for relative quantification, and the samples are analyzed by a reversed‐phase liquid chromatography chip system coupled online to a Q‐Exactive mass spectrometer. The inclusion of two internal standards, maltoheptaose (previously used) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (novel), is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of using a glycoprotein as an internal standard in glycan relative quantification experiments.RESULTSHRP is a glycoprotein containing a xylosylated N‐linked glycan, which is unique from mammalian N‐linked glycans. Thus, the internal standard xylosylated glycan could be detected without interference to the sample. Additionally, it was shown that differences in cleavage efficiency can be detected by monitoring the HRP glycan. In a sample where cleavage efficiency variation is minimal, the HRP glycan performs as well as maltoheptaose.CONCLUSIONSBecause the HRP glycan performs as well as maltoheptaose but is also capable of correcting and accounting for cleavage variability, it is a more versatile internal standard and will be used in all subsequent biological studies. Because of the possible lot‐to‐lot variation of an enzyme, differences in biological matrix, and variable enzyme activity over time, it is a necessity to account for glycan cleavage variability in glycan relative quantification experiments. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A proposal to adjust the design approach for the diaphragm action of shear panels according to Schardt and Strehl in line with European regulations
Authors: Kathage Karsten , Lindner Joachim , Misiek Thomas , Schilling Sivo 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn Germany the stiffness and resistance of diaphragms used for stabilizing members are traditionally calculated according to the Schardt and Strehl approach. Compared with the approach of Bryan and Davies given in the ECCS Recommendations, it does not take into account the flexibility of the connections. This paper shows how to amend Schardt and Strehl’s approach to include this flexibility, leading to more realistic values of diaphragm stiffness. The article also introduces new procedures for the calculation of the resistance, adopted from European standards and recommendations. Finally, both a test and an example taken from the literature are recalculated for comparison.
Romanian application of cold‐formed steel beams with screwed corrugated webs
Authors: Nagy Zsolt , Gîlia Lucian , Ballok Robert 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCold‐formed steel members are used in a wide variety of applications, both residential and industrial, due to their high strength‐to‐weight ratio. This paper introduces an innovative steel structural solution used in a portal frame configuration. The frame is made from cold‐formed steel beams with screwed corrugated web and SHS columns. Very good structural performance was achieved, proved by way of tests on such beams carried out previously at the Technical University of Cluj‐Napoca A finite element analysis was carried out in Abaqus using available, accurate, test‐based calibrated FE models [1]. The same settings, mesh size, contacts, connectors and material definitions were used. Material stress‐strain curves obtained from coupon tests and a theoretical curve were determined; both types were used in the FE analysis for the definition of the material. A monotonic test will be performed on the proposed structural configuration. The paper concludes with advice on how to set up theoretical stress‐strain curves for design assisted by FEA of such kinds of girder. A case study presents one particular proposed structure, analysed by the authors and built for a warehouse application.
Cold‐formed steel beams with corrugated web and discrete web‐to‐flange fasteners
Authors: Dubina Dan , Ungureanu Viorel , Gîlia Lucian 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSteel beams with corrugated webs represent a relatively new structural system that has emerged in the past two decades. The thin corrugated web results in a significant weight reduction in these beams compared with hot‐rolled or welded ones. In the initial solutions the flanges were made of flat plates welded to the sinusoidal web sheet, which required a specific welding technology. A new solution is proposed in this paper in which the beam is composed of a web of trapezoidal cold‐formed steel sheet and flanges of built‐up cold‐formed steel members (e.g. back‐to‐back lipped channels or angles or hat omega). Self‐drilling screws or spot welding are used for the connections between flanges and web. This paper summarizes the experimental and numerical investigations carried out at the CEMSIG Research Centre (http://cemsig.ct.upt.ro), “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, in order to evaluate and validate a new technological solution.
Design of cold‐formed steel members – comparison of EN 1993‐1‐3 and Direct Strength Method
Authors: Brune Bettina , Peköz Teoman 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper compares the design concepts for cold‐formed steel members according to the European standard EN 1993‐1‐3 [22] and the Direct Strength Method (DSM) according to Appendix 1 of the AISI specification [3]. References to where the two approaches are described are followed by comparative analyses focusing on the fundamental design concepts, the design procedure, strength curves, opportunities and limits to their application. The paper points out similarities and differences, difficulties and opportunities. Channel section design examples are used to compare the different approaches. Current and ongoing research to extend the standards is summarized to show the future possibilities.
Bridge across the Lochkov Valley, Prague Ring Road – a strutted frame construction of a special kind
Authors: Anistoroaiei Christian , Heymel Ulrich , Jung Rolf , Sagner Michael Erik 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis bridge, which connects Slivenec with Lahovice, is the project that completes the highway bypass south of Prague, in the Lochkov Valley. The bridge structure is 425.3 m long, 35 m wide and reaches a maximum height of almost 65 m. From both the architectural and engineering points of view, the bridge is an unusual design, with a curved composite structure supported by inclined concrete piers in the central span.
Steel superstructure saves concrete arch bridge over the River Ohře, Czech Republic
Authors: Korbelář Jaroslav , Kroupar Miroslav , Ryjáček Pavel , Schindler Jiří 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper describes the design and construction of the unique widening of a concrete arch bridge over the River Ohře using a lightweight steel superstructure. The bridge reconstruction formed part of the wider reconstruction measures for road I/6, including its upgrade from a two‐ to a four‐lane highway, near Loket between Nové Sedlo and Sokolov in the north‐west of the Czech Republic. Details of the erection of the steel structure and the strengthening of the concrete arch and piers are also given.
Using spatial statistics and point‐pattern simulations to assess the spatial dependency between greater sage‐grouse and anthropogenic features
Authors: Gillan Jeffrey K. , Strand Eva K. , Karl Jason W. , Reese Kerry P. , Laninga Tamara 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage‐grouse), a candidate species for listing under the Endangered Species Act, has experienced population declines across its range in the sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) steppe ecosystems of western North America. One factor contributing to the loss of habitat is the expanding human population with associated development and infrastructure. Our objective was to use a spatial‐statistical approach to assess the effect of roads, power transmission lines, and rural buildings on sage‐grouse habitat use. We used the pair correlation function (PCF) spatial statistic to compare sage‐grouse radiotelemetry locations in west‐central Idaho, USA, to the locations of anthropogenic features to determine whether sage‐grouse avoided these features, thus reducing available habitat. To determine significance, we compared empirical PCFs with Monte Carlo simulations that replicated the spatial autocorrelation of the sampled sage‐grouse locations. We demonstrate the implications of selecting an appropriate null model for the spatial statistical analysis by comparing results using a spatially random and a clustered null model. Results indicated that sage‐grouse avoided buildings by 150 m and power transmission lines by 600 m, because their PCFs were outside the bounds of a 95% significance envelope constructed from 1,000 iterations of a null model. Sage‐grouse exhibited no detectable avoidance of major and minor roads. The methods used here are broadly applicable in conservation biology and wildlife management to evaluate spatial relationships between species occurrence and landscape features. Our results can directly inform planning of infrastructure and other development projects in or near sage‐grouse habitat. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Conservation Planning in an Era of Change: State of the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region
Authors: Doherty Kevin E. , Ryba Adam J. , Stemler Casey L. , Niemuth Neal D. , Meeks William A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe assessed attainability of landscape‐level conservation planning goals in the United States portion of the Prairie Pothole Region by summarizing and analyzing data on status, trends, and potential future of grasslands and wetlands. All published literature and new data analyses consistently indicate declines in grassland and wetland area. When we incorporated time as a conservation planning metric, the importance of seemingly small wetland (0.05–0.57%) and grassland (0.4–1.3%) annual loss rates became apparent. Moreover, we highlighted large differences in the amount of future grassland (30–67%) and wetland (47–93%) resulting from seemingly small changes in loss percentages. Our analyses clearly demonstrate that time, along with current status and trends of target habitat(s), must be incorporated when setting habitat conservation goals, otherwise goals may be unrealistic. Prairie Pothole Joint Venture (PPJV) partners protected an average of 0.20% of the 3.3 million ha extant wetlands and 0.26% of the 10.7 million ha extant grasslands/year. Consequently, PPJV partners cannot reach stated conservation goals given current habitat loss rates unless 1) increased funding is secured for land conservation, 2) landowner interest and acceptance of conservation programs remains high, and 3) wetland and grassland loss rates are decreased via public policy, particularly through agriculture programs, or other mechanisms. Otherwise, PPJV habitat conservation goals, and ultimately species population goals, will need to be reduced accordingly. Our comprehensive assessment may help the PPJV and other landscape‐level planning efforts discriminate between goals they would like to attain versus goals they are likely to achieve. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Extended Lymphadenectomy in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer Is Debatable
Authors: Sergeant Gregory , Melloul Emmanuel , Lesurtel Mickael , DeOliveira Michelle L. , Clavien Pierre‐Alain 
Published: May 2013

AbstractLymph node staging is one of the most important factors in determining the prognosis after resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Despite ongoing efforts to further refine lymph node staging, the debate on the extent of lymphadenectomy during pancreaticoduodenectomy is still open. The purpose of this review was to summarize the evidence about performing standard lymphadenectomy during curative resection of pancreatic cancer. All four prospective randomized controlled trials published concluded that extended lymphadenectomy does not contribute to better oncologic outcome for patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head. Indeed, one major drawback of extended lymphadenectomy is the higher risk of persistent postoperative diarrhea. No prospective randomized studies could be found on the role of extended lymphadenectomy in patients with adenocarcinoma of the corpus and tail. Based on current evidence there is no indication that extended lymphadenectomy should be performed routinely during resection of pancreatic cancer.
Patients’ Preferences on Information and Involvement in Decision Making for Gastrointestinal Surgery
Authors: Uldry Emilie , Schäfer Markus , Saadi Alend , Rousson Valentin , Demartines Nicolas 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between physicians and patients has undergone important changes, and the current emancipation of patients has led to a real partnership in medical decision making. The present study aimed to assess patients’ preferences on different aspects of decision making during treatment and potential complications, as well as the amount and type of preoperative information wanted before visceral surgery.MethodsThis was a prospective non‐randomized study based on a questionnaire given to 253 consecutive patients scheduled for elective gastrointestinal surgery.ResultsIn considering surgical complications or treatment in the intensive care unit, 64 % of patients wished to take an active role in any medical decisions. The respective figures for cardiac resuscitation and treatment limitations were 89 and 60 %. As for information, 73, 77, and 47 % of patients wish detailed information, information on a potential ICU hospitalization, and knowledge of cardiac resuscitation, respectively. Elderly and low‐educated patients were significantly less interested in shared medical decision making (p = 0.003 and 0.015), and in receiving information (p = 0.03 and 0.05). Similarly, involvement of the family in decision making was significantly less important to elderly and male patients (p = 0.05 and 0.03, respectively). Neither the type of operation (minor or major) nor the severity of disease (malignancies versus non‐malignancies) was a significant factor for shared decision making, information, or family involvement.ConclusionsThe vast majority of surgical patients clearly want to get adequate preoperative information about their disease and the planned treatment. They also consider it crucial to be involved in any kind of decision making for treatment and complications. For most patients, the family role is limited to supporting the treating physicians if the patient is unable to participate in decision making.
Early Enteral Nutrition Prevents Intra‐abdominal Hypertension and Reduces the Severity of Severe Acute Pancreatitis Compared with Delayed Enteral Nutrition: A Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Sun Jia‐kui , Li Wei‐qin , Ke Lu , Tong Zhi‐hui , Ni Hai‐bin , Li Gang , Zhang Lu‐yao , Nie Yao , Wang Xin‐ying , Ye Xiang‐hong , Li Ning , Li Jie‐shou 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the effects of early enteral nutrition (EEN) on intra‐abdominal pressure (IAP) and disease severity in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).MethodsEnteral nutrition (EN) was started within 48 h after admission in the EEN group and from the 8th day in the delayed enteral nutrition (DEN) group. The IAP and intra‐abdominal hypertension (IAH) incidence were recorded for 2 weeks. The caloric intake and feeding intolerance (FI) incidence were recorded daily after EN was started. The severity markers and clinical outcome variables were also recorded.ResultsSixty patients were enrolled to this study. No difference about IAP was found. The IAH incidence of the EEN group was significantly lower than that of the DEN group from the 9th day (8/30 versus 18/30;P= 0.009) after admission. The FI incidence of the EEN group was higher than that of the DEN group during the initial 3 days of feeding (25/30 versus 12/30;P= 0.001; 22/30 versus 9/30;P= 0.001; 15/30 versus 4/30;P= 0.002). Patients with an IAP <15 mmHg had lower FI incidence than those with an IAP ≥15 mmHg on the 1st day (20/22 versus 17/38;P< 0.001), the 3rd day (11/13 versus 8/47;P< 0.001), and the 7th day (3/5 versus 3/55;P= 0.005) of feeding. The severity markers and clinical outcome variables of the EEN group were significantly improved.ConclusionsEarly enteral nutrition did not increase IAP. In contrast, it might prevent the development of IAH. In addition, EEN might be not appropriate during the initial 3–4 days of SAP onset. Moreover, EN might be of benefit to patients with an IAP <15 mmHg. Early enteral nutrition could improve disease severity and clinical outcome, but did not decrease mortality of SAP.
Cancer or No Cancer: The Influence of Trait Anxiety and Diagnosis on Quality of Life With Breast Cancer and Benign Disease: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study
Authors: Keyzer‐Dekker Claudia M. G. , de Vries Jolanda , Mertens Marlies C. , Roukema Jan A. , van der Steeg Alida F. W. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundHigh trait anxiety (HTA) causes an impaired quality of life (QOL) and fatigue in women with breast cancer (BC) and benign breast disease (BBD). We examined whether the lowered QOL was determined solely by the personality characteristic HTA or by the combination of personality and diagnosis.MethodsIn a prospective longitudinal study, women with BC (n = 152), BBD (n = 205), or gallstone disease (GD) before laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n = 128) were included. Questionnaires concerning trait anxiety (baseline), fatigue, and QOL were completed at baseline and at 6 months. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to analyze the predictors for QOL at 6 months.ResultsAt 6 months QOL scores were increased in the GD group, especially in women without HTA. For women without HTA, in the BBD group the scores for fatigue and physical QOL had improved at 6 months, whereas in the BC group physical QOL and fatigue was impaired. Women with HTA scored unfavorably on fatigue and QOL. HTA was the most important factor influencing QOL.ConclusionsThe course of QOL and fatigue during follow‐up were significantly different for each diagnosis. Particularly HTA had a negative impact on QOL and fatigue. Especially the combination HTA and BC caused impaired QOL and fatigue. We recommend identifying women with BC and HTA and offer them a tailor‐made follow‐up protocol.
Imaging neonatal spontaneous pneumomediastinum using ultrasound
Authors: Jung Ah Young , Yang Ik , Go Hee Sun , Shin Su-Mi , Yoon Hye-Kyung , Woo Ji Young , Hong Hye-Suk , Kim Han Myun 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the feasibility of ultrasound in detecting spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and illustrate the ultrasound features.

Methods
Among neonates with abnormal mediastinal radiolucency suspected on chest radiography, those referred for ultrasound examination within 2 days were included. Anterior mediastinal ultrasound was performed using a linear transducer (5–12 MHz) to determine the presence and location of abnormal air in the mediastinum. Clinical data for the neonates were also reviewed.

Results
On ultrasound, pneumomediastinum appeared as thick linear/curvilinear echogenic lines, some with posterior shadowing located between the anterior chest wall and thymus, in lateral margins of the thymus, between the thymus and the great vessels, and in the middle of the thymic parenchyma.

Conclusions
Using ultrasound, pneumomediastinum was easily visualized, and localization of the abnormal air accumulation was possible. Ultrasound may be used as a radiation-free supplementary imaging modality for neonates with abnormal mediastinal air.
Stability of Dye Dispersions in the Presence of Some Eco‐Friendly Dispersing Agents
Authors: Gharanjig H. , Gharanjig K. , Tafaghodi Sina 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe stability of dye dispersions in the presence of ethoxylated sorbitan lauryl and oleyl esters were reported and compared with dye dispersions containing a conventional dispersing agent, i.e. naphthalene sulfonic acid methylene‐bis sodium salt (NSAB). The optimum operating conditions obtained using a central composite design and stability of dye dispersions were evaluated by a turbidimetry method. Results showed that the dose of surfactants and the temperature of operation were important factors in preparing stable dye dispersions. Also, the best conditions for preparing dye dispersions were as follows: dose of surfactant 0.05 g, temperature 25 °C and time 5 min. In addition to, findings indicated that both of the used surfactants had better performance in dispersing the dyes in water. However, ethoxylated sorbitan oleate had better efficiency relative to other used dispersing agents. The performance of both sorbitan esters were compared with NSAB. The results indicated that they can create stable dye dispersions in aqueous media and have approximately the same effectiveness with NSAB. In this series, although oleate ester had a better performance than the laurate, the difference in performance of using dispersing agents was not significant. This finding was confirmed by the results of the particle size analysis of dye dispersions.
Balance model for equatorial long waves
Authors: Chan Ian H. , Shepherd Theodore G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractGeophysical fluid models often support both fast and slow motions. As the dynamics are often dominated by the slow motions, it is desirable to filter out the fast motions by constructing balance models. An example is the quasi-geostrophic (QG) model, which is used widely in meteorology and oceanography for theoretical studies, in addition to practical applications such as model initialization and data assimilation. Although the QG model works quite well in the mid-latitudes, its usefulness diminishes as one approaches the equator. Thus far, attempts to derive similar balance models for the tropics have not been entirely successful as the models generally filter out Kelvin waves, which contribute significantly to tropical low-frequency variability. There is much theoretical interest in the dynamics of planetary-scale Kelvin waves, especially for atmospheric and oceanic data assimilation where observations are generally only of the mass field and thus do not constrain the wind field without some kind of diagnostic balance relation. As a result, estimates of Kelvin wave amplitudes can be poor. Our goal is to find a balance model that includes Kelvin waves for planetary-scale motions. Using asymptotic methods, we derive a balance model for the weakly nonlinear equatorial shallow-water equations. Specifically we adopt the ‘slaving’ method proposed by Warn et al. (Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., vol. 121, 1995, pp. 723–739), which avoids secular terms in the expansion and thus can in principle be carried out to any order. Different from previous approaches, our expansion is based on a long-wave scaling and the slow dynamics is described using the height field instead of potential vorticity. The leading-order model is equivalent to the truncated long-wave model considered previously (e.g. Heckley & Gill, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., vol. 110, 1984, pp. 203–217), which retains Kelvin waves in addition to equatorial Rossby waves. Our method allows for the derivation of higher-order models which significantly improve the representation of Rossby waves in the isotropic limit. In addition, the ‘slaving’ method is applicable even when the weakly nonlinear assumption is relaxed, and the resulting nonlinear model encompasses the weakly nonlinear model. We also demonstrate that the method can be applied to more realistic stratified models, such as the Boussinesq model.