bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular properties and diagnostic potential of monoclonal antibodies targeting cytotoxic α-synuclein oligomers
Authors: Nielsen Janni , Lauritsen Johanne , Pedersen Jannik N. , Nowak Jan S. , Bendtsen Malthe K. , Kleijwegt Giulia , Lusser Kaija , Pitarch Laia C. , Moreno Julián V. , Schneider Matthias M. , Krainer Georg , Goksøyr Louise , Khalifé Paul , Kaalund Sanne Simone , Aznar Susana , Kjærgaard Magnus , Sereikaité Vita , Strømgaard Kristian , Knowles Tuomas P. J. , Nielsen Morten Agertoug , Sander Adam F. , Romero-Ramos Marina , Otzen Daniel E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstractα-Synuclein (α-syn) accumulates as insoluble amyloid but also forms soluble α-syn oligomers (αSOs), thought to be even more cytotoxic than fibrils. To detect and block the unwanted activities of these αSOs, we have raised 30 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against different forms of αSOs, ranging from unmodified αSOs to species stabilized by lipid peroxidation products and polyphenols, αSOs formed by C-terminally truncated α-syn, and multivalent display of α-syn on capsid virus-like particles (cVLPs). While the mAbs generally show a preference for αSOs, they also bind fibrils, but to variable extents. Overall, we observe great diversity in the mAbs’ relative affinities for monomers and αSOs, varied requirements for the C-terminal extension of α-syn, and only a modest effect on α-syn fibrillation. Several mAbs show several orders of magnitude preference for αSOs over monomers in in-solution studies, while the commercial antibody MJF14 only bound 10-fold more strongly to αSOs than monomeric α-syn. Gratifyingly, seven mAbs almost completely block αSO permeabilization of membrane vesicles. Five selected mAbs identified α-syn-related pathologies like Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy Neurites, as well as Glial Cytoplasmic Inclusions in postmortem brains from people diagnosed for PD, dementia with LBs or multiple system atrophy, although to different extents. Three mAbs were particularly useful for pathological evaluation of postmortem brain human tissue, including early stages of PD. Although there was no straightforward connection between the mAbs’ biophysical and immunohistochemical properties, it is encouraging that this comprehensive collection of mAbs able to recognize different aggregated α-syn species in vitro also holds diagnostic potential.
An exploratory analysis of the impact of area-level exposome on geographic disparities in aggressive prostate cancer
Authors: Wiese Daniel , DuBois Tesla D. , Sorice Kristen A. , Fang Carolyn Y. , Ragin Camille , Daly Mary , Reese Adam C. , Henry Kevin A. , Lynch Shannon M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNumbers of aggressive prostate cancer (aPC) cases are rising, but only a few risk factors have been identified. In this study, we introduce a systematic approach to integrate geospatial data into external exposome research using aPC cases from Pennsylvania. We demonstrate the association between several area-level exposome measures across five Social Determinants of Health domains (SDOH) and geographic areas identified as having elevated odds of aPC. Residential locations of Pennsylvania men diagnosed with aPC from 2005 to 2017 were linked to 37 county-/tract-level SDOH exosome measures. Variable reduction processes adopted from neighborhood-wide association study along with Bayesian geoadditive logistic regression were used to identify areas with elevated odds of aPC and exposome factors that significantly attenuated the odds and reduced the size of identified areas. Areas with significantly higher odds of aPC were explained by various SDOH exposome measures, though the extent of the reduction depended on geographic location. Some areas were associated with race (social context), health insurance (access), or tract-level poverty (economics), while others were associated with either county-level water quality or a combination of factors. Area-level exposome measures can guide future patient-level external exposome research and help design targeted interventions to reduce local cancer burden.
A virtual patient simulation modeling the neural and perceptual effects of human visual cortical stimulation, from pulse trains to percepts
Authors: Fine Ione , Boynton Geoffrey M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe field of cortical sight restoration prostheses is making rapid progress with three clinical trials of visual cortical prostheses underway. However, as yet, we have only limited insight into the perceptual experiences produced by these implants. Here we describe a computational model or ‘virtual patient’, based on the neurophysiological architecture of V1, which successfully predicts the perceptual experience of participants across a wide range of previously published human cortical stimulation studies describing the location, size, brightness and spatiotemporal shape of electrically induced percepts in humans. Our simulations suggest that, in the foreseeable future the perceptual quality of cortical prosthetic devices is likely to be limited by the neurophysiological organization of visual cortex, rather than engineering constraints.
A new genus and species of nudibranch-mimicking Syllidae (Annelida, Polychaeta)
Authors: Jimi Naoto , Britayev Temir A. , Sako Misato , Woo Sau Pinn , Martin Daniel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNudibranch mollusks, which are well-known for their vivid warning coloration and effective defenses, are mimicked by diverse invertebrates to deter predation through both Müllerian and Batesian strategies. Despite extensive documentation across different taxa, mimickers have not been detected among annelids, including polychaetes, until now. This study described a new genus and species of polychaete living on Dendronephthya octocorals in Vietnam and Japan. Belonging to Syllidae, it exhibits unique morphological adaptations such as a low number of body segments, simple chaetae concealed within the parapodia and large and fusiform antennae and cirri. Moreover, these appendages are vividly colored, featuring an internal dark red area with numerous terminal white spots and bright yellow tips, effectively contributing to mimicking the appearance of a nudibranch. This discovery not only documents the first known instance of such mimicry among annelids, but also expands our understanding of evolutionary adaptation and ecological strategies in marine invertebrates.
Predicting graft and patient outcomes following kidney transplantation using interpretable machine learning models
Authors: Salaün Achille , Knight Simon , Wingfield Laura , Zhu Tingting 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe decision to accept a deceased donor organ offer for transplant, or wait for something potentially better in the future, can be challenging. Clinical decision support tools predicting transplant outcomes are lacking. This project uses interpretable methods to predict both graft failure and patient death using data from previously accepted kidney transplant offers. Using more than 25 years of transplant outcome data, we train and compare several survival analysis models in single risk settings. In addition, we use post hoc interpretability techniques to clinically validate these models. Neural networks show comparable performance to the Cox proportional hazard model, with concordance of 0.63 and 0.79 for prediction of graft failure and patient death, respectively. Donor and recipient ages, the number of mismatches at DR locus, dialysis type, and primary renal disease appear to be important features for transplant outcome prediction. Owing to their good predictive performance and the clinical relevance of their post hoc interpretation, neural networks represent a promising core component in the construction of future decision support systems for transplant offering.
Three taphonomic stories of three new fossil species of Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)
Authors: Viertler Alexandra , Verheyde Fons , Schwarz Martin , Schulz Georg , Klopfstein Seraina , Mennecart Bastien 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmber captures a snapshot of life and death from millions of years in the past. Here, the fate of three fossil Darwin wasps in Baltic amber is virtually dissected with the help of micro-CT scanning, to better understand the taphonomic processes that affected their preservation. The states of the fossils range from nearly perfect preservation, including remains of internal organs, to empty casts that were strongly affected by decomposition. We describe the three specimens as new taxa, Osparvis aurorae gen. et sp. nov., Grana harveydenti gen. et sp. nov. and Xorides? romeo sp. nov. Based on the taphonomic and morphological interpretations, we conclude that two specimens were trapped alive, and the third ended up in resin post-mortem. The morphology and classification of the specimens provide clues regarding their ecology, and we discuss their likely hosts and parasitation modes. Taken together, our three wasp fossils showcase how an integrative analysis of amber taphonomy, taxonomic association and morphology can shed light onto past biodiversity and offer valuable insights for interpreting their evolutionary history.
CTHRC1+ fibroblasts and SPP1+ macrophages synergistically contribute to pro-tumorigenic tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Evan , Cheung Hoi Ching , Ma Shuangge 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely lethal cancer that accounts for over 90% of all pancreatic cancer cases. With a 5-year survival rate of only 13%, PDAC has proven to be extremely desmoplastic and immunosuppressive to most current therapies, including chemotherapy and surgical resection. In recent years, focus has shifted to understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME) around PDAC, enabling a greater understanding of biological pathways and intercellular interactions that can ultimately lead to potential for future drug targets. In this study, we leverage a combination of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to further identify cellular populations and interactions within the highly heterogeneous TME. We demonstrate that SPP1+APOE+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and CTHRC1+GREM1+ cancer-associated myofibroblasts (myCAF) not only act synergistically to promote an immune-suppressive TME through active extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), but are spatially colocalized and correlated, leading to worse prognosis. Our results highlight the crosstalk between stromal and myeloid cells as a significant area of study for future therapeutic targets to treat cancer.
In-vitro cytotoxicity of biosynthesized nanoceria using Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves extract against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line
Authors: Abedi Tameh Fatemeh , Mohamed Hamza Elsayed Ahmed , Aghababaee Leila , Akbari Mahmood , Alikhah Asl Shervin , Javadi Mohammad Hasan , Aucamp Marique , Cloete Karen Jacqueline , Soleimannejad Janet , Maaza Malik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCerium oxide nanoparticles possess unique properties that make them promising candidates in various fields, including cancer treatment. Among the proposed synthesis methods for CNPs, biosynthesis using natural extracts, offers an eco-friendly and convenient approach for producing CNPs, particularly for biomedical applications. In this study, a novel method of biosynthesis using the aqueous extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves was used to synthesize CNPs. Scanning electron microscopy and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques revealed that the synthesized CNPs exhibit a flower-like morphology. The particle size of CNPs obtained using Powder X-ray diffraction peaks and TEM as 13.43 and 39.25 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the effect of biomolecules during the synthesis process and the formation of CNPs. The cytotoxicity of biosynthesized samples was evaluated using the MTT method demonstrating the potential of these samples to inhibit MCF-7 cancerous cells. The viability of the MCF-7 cell line conducted by live/dead imaging assay confirmed the MTT cytotoxicity method and indicated their potential to inhibit cancerous cells. Furthermore, the successful uptake of CNPs by MCF-7 cancer cells, as demonstrated by confocal microscopy, provides evidence that the intracellular pathway contributes to the anticancer activity of the CNPs. In general, results indicate that the biosynthesized CNPs exhibit significant cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cancerous cell line, attributed to their high surface area.
A validation study demonstrating portable motion capture cameras accurately characterize gait metrics when compared to a pressure-sensitive walkway
Authors: Mazurek Kevin A. , Barnard Leland , Botha Hugo , Christianson Teresa , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Petersen Ronald , Vemuri Prashanthi , Windham B. Gwen , Jones David T. , Ali Farwa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDigital quantification of gait can be used to measure aging- and disease-related decline in mobility. Gait performance also predicts prognosis, disease progression, and response to therapies. Most gait analysis systems require large amounts of space, resources, and expertise to implement and are not widely accessible. Thus, there is a need for a portable system that accurately characterizes gait. Here, depth video from two portable cameras accurately reconstructed gait metrics comparable to those reported by a pressure-sensitive walkway. 392 research participants walked across a four-meter pressure-sensitive walkway while depth video was recorded. Gait speed, cadence, and step and stride durations and lengths strongly correlated (r > 0.9) between modalities, with root-mean-squared-errors (RMSE) of 0.04 m/s, 2.3 steps/min, 0.03 s, and 0.05–0.08 m for speed, cadence, step/stride duration, and step/stride length, respectively. Step, stance, and double support durations (gait cycle percentage) significantly correlated (r > 0.6) between modalities, with 5% RMSE for step and stance and 10% RMSE for double support. In an exploratory analysis, gait speed from both modalities significantly related to healthy, mild, moderate, or severe categorizations of Charleson Comorbidity Indices (ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD, p < 0.0125). These findings demonstrate the viability of using depth video to expand access to quantitative gait assessments.
Peptide-stimulated T cells bypass immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance and eliminate autologous microsatellite instable colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Schwarz Sandra , Su Zhaoran , Krohn Mathias , Löffler Markus W. , Schlosser Andreas , Linnebacher Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwo hypermutated colon cancer cases with patient-derived cell lines, peripheral and tumor-infiltrating T cells available were selected for detailed investigation of immunological response.T cells co-cultured with autologous tumor cells showed only low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and failed at tumor recognition. Similarly, treatment of co-cultures with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) did not boost antitumor immune responses. Since proteinase inhibitor 9 (PI-9) was detected in tumor cells, a specific inhibitor (PI-9i) was used in addition to ICI in T cell cytotoxicity testing. However, only pre-stimulation with tumor-specific peptides (cryptic and neoantigenic) significantly increased recognition and elimination of tumor cells by T cells independently of ICI or PI-9i.We showed, that ICI resistant tumor cells can be targeted by tumor-primed T cells and also demonstrated the superiority of tumor-naïve peripheral blood T cells compared to highly exhausted tumor-infiltrating T cells. Future precision immunotherapeutic approaches should include multimodal strategies to successfully induce durable anti-tumor immune responses.
Dranbleiben heißt die Devise!
Authors: Börsch Hans-Josef 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIn Baden-Württemberg wird es nicht zur Errichtung einer Landespflegekammer kommen. Leider wurde das
notwendige Quorum knapp verfehlt. Lesen Sie, warum es sich trotzdem lohnt, weiter für die
Selbstverwaltung einzustehen.
First ClearMind gamma detector prototype for TOF-PET imaging
Authors: Galindo-Tellez A. , Sharyy V. , Sung C.-H. , Follin M. , Cappellugola L. , Curtoni S. , Dupont M. , Morel C. , Breton D. , Maalmi J. , Yvon D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The ClearMind project aims to develop a TOF-PET
position-sensitive detection module optimized for time and spatial
resolutions and detection efficiency. For this, we use a
59 mm× 59 mm × 5 mm monolithic PbWO4 (PWO)
crystal, which is encapsulated within a commercial Micro-Channel
Plate Photomultiplier tube MAPMT253 with a bialkali photocathode
directly deposited on the crystal. We report the proof of concept of
the directly deposited of a bialkali photocathode on a PWO crystal
and its stability over time. The full calibration of the ClearMind
photodetector module in the single-photoelectron regime is
described. We measured a time resolution of 70 ps FWHM using a
20 ps pulsed laser. We present the performance of the prototype
used in coincidence with a 3 × 3 × 3 mm3
LYSO:Ca,Ce crystal readout by a SiPM. We obtained a coincidence time
resolution of 350 ps FWHM, a spatial resolution of 4 to 5 mm, and
a detection efficiency of 28 %, consistent with Monte Carlo
simulations of the ClearMind detector module.
Transparent and flexible fish-tail shaped antenna for ultra-wideband MIMO systems
Authors: Lian Shilin , Sun Haoyuan , Zhang Hua , Zhang Dan , Liu Tian , Jin Zhejun , Zheng Yu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The article presents an innovative transparent, flexible antenna design tailored specifically for ultra-wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Using polyethylene terephthalate substrates as the base material, we enhance the antenna’s radiation performance, transparency, and flexibility. Broadband impedance matching is achieved through a hollow ground plane fed by a fish-tail radiator and coplanar waveguide. Additionally, significant MIMO antenna isolation in ultra-wideband scenarios is achieved through the vertical arrangement of units and neutral lines. The MIMO antennas we manufactured exhibit minimum transparencies of 71.1% and 85.9% with and without reflectors, respectively. Measurement results demonstrate that the antenna operates within the 3–20 GHz frequency range, with over 24 dB of isolation, 2 ± 2 dBi of peak gain, and 45% ± 5% of radiation efficiency, suitable for applications in wearable devices, vehicle intelligence, and other fields.
Why Ethics and Aesthetics Are Practically the Same
Authors: Ridley Aaron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Discussion of the relations between ethics and aesthetics has tended to focus on issues concerning judgement: for example, philosophers have often asked whether, or to what extent, ethical considerations of one sort or another should inform aesthetic verdicts. Much less discussed, however, have been the relations between these two domains in their practical aspects. In this essay, I try to defuse a cluster of reasons for believing that practical competence in the ethical domain and practical competence in the aesthetic domain must be understood as structurally distinct from one another.
Kant’s Aesthetic Ideas
Authors: Ridley Aaron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the third Critique, Kant offers an elusive discussion of what he calls ‘aesthetic ideas’, claiming that ‘beauty’ is ‘the expression of aesthetic ideas’ and that ‘genius’ is the power to ‘exhibit aesthetic ideas’. In this essay, I distinguish two theses to which Kant appears committed: the ‘indefinability’ thesis, which says that aesthetic ideas convey much that is indefinable in words; and the ‘unformulability’ thesis, which says that the genius’s creative activity is one for which no rule can be ‘set down in a formula’ so as to ‘serve as a precept’. I give the most charitable readings of these theses that I can, and then ask (a) what, as aestheticians, we should want to say about them, and (b) to what extent Kant himself can say the same. I conclude that he is unable to meet us much more than halfway, however valuable his discussion might otherwise be.
Song as a Whole
Authors: Ridley Aaron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Like many recent aestheticians, I find the standard account of what songs are—a simple conjunction of words and music, the former functioning in a purely literary way, the latter in a purely musical way—unsatisfactory. Also like them, I prefer a more holistic account, one that understands the relations between words and music as far closer than the conjunctive model can capture, and which therefore construes the value of an individual song as deriving from more than a mere matching (or productive mismatching) between its verbal and musical components. Here, I defend one version of holism—I call it ‘strong’ holism—against several of the weaker varieties to be found in the literature, and suggest that only the strong version is able to do justice to the character and value of song as a whole.
Art Works
Authors: Ridley Aaron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Recent attempts to analyse the concept of functional beauty have tended to move natural and/or everyday objects centre-stage. This essay, by contrast, is about functional beauty in art. I argue, first, that—whatever is centre-stage—it matters whether an analysis of functional beauty construes the relation between function and beauty as one-way or two-way; and that it does so partly because, second, there are significant differences between functional properties and aesthetic properties. The upshot is that a one-way analysis should, on the face of it, be preferable. Two such analyses are investigated—one ‘function-first’, the other ‘beauty-first’—and both found wanting. I argue that what is required is a hybrid version of the two-way analysis that exploits, rather than being stymied by, the peculiarities of aesthetic properties. The essay concludes with some reflections on why the issue of functional beauty in art matters.
Morality: From Error to Fiction
Authors: Joyce Richard 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We make moral judgments about all sorts of things, both mundane and momentous. But are any of these moral judgments actually true? The moral error theorist argues that they are not. According to this view, when people make moral judgments (e.g., “Stealing is morally wrong”), although they purport to say true things about the world, in fact the world does not contain any of the properties or relations that would be necessary to render such judgments true. Nothing is morally right; nothing is morally wrong. The first part of this book (“Morality in Error”) argues in favor of this version of moral skepticism. Moral properties, it is claimed, have features that cannot be accommodated within the naturalistic worldview. Some of these problematic features pertain to the “reason-giving” nature of moral properties; some pertain to puzzles surrounding the notion of moral responsibility. Suppose that we decided that this radical skepticism about morality is correct—what, then, should we do with our faulty moral discourse? The abolitionist presents the most obvious answer: that we should just do away with morality (in the way that in the past we eliminated talk of bodily humors, say). The fictionalist presents a less obvious answer: that we should retain moral discourse even though we know (at some level) that it is false. The second part of this book (“Morality as Fiction”) advocates an ambitious version of moral fictionalism. This book is a sequel to the author’s 2001 work The Myth of Morality.