bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulating storm flooding maps over HafenCity under present and sea level rise scenarios
Authors: Ge J. , Much D. , Kappenberg J. , Nino O. , Ding P. , Chen Z. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractGlobal climate models have predicted a mean sea level rise between 0.18 m and 0.59 m by the end of the 21st century with high regional variability. The projected sea level rise due to global warming would inundate low‐lying areas. A high‐resolution unstructured‐grid Finite‐Volume Coastal and Ocean Model is applied to perform a simulation and prediction of the flooding process because of storm impacts around HafenCity under today's conditions and under scenarios of future sea level rise. The results show significant flooding under strong storm processes, such as the winter storm ‘Anatol’ in 1999. The flood coverage will be significantly increased under short‐, middle‐ and long‐term sea level rise scenarios. The peak flood levels will rise according to the respective sea level rise while the flood area will increase by 18% (2025), 34% (2055) and 54% (2085). The maximum flood height and area for the three sea level rise scenarios will reach ∼6.8 m and ∼4.1 × 105 m2, respectively. The most impacted area will be the region between the Baakenhafen (zone 12) and the Oberhafen/Oberhafenkanal. In the long‐term scenario (2085), flooding near the Magdeburger Hafen and Norderelbe will also increase. Coastal defence measures should be taken to ensure flood protection around HafenCity.
Liver fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis B patients positive for hepatitis B e antigen: A prospective cohort study with paired transient elastography examination
Authors: Wong Grace Lai‐Hung , Chan Henry Lik‐Yuen , Yu Zhuo , Chan Hoi‐Yun , Tse Chi‐Hang , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground and AimChronic hepatitis B patients in immune‐reactive hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)‐positive phase may have more rapid progression than those in immune‐tolerant phase. We aimed to evaluate the risk of liver fibrosis progression in HBeAg‐positive patients at different phases.MethodsTwo hundred forty‐seven HBeAg‐positive patients without advanced fibrosis at baseline underwent liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography in 2006–2008 and again in 2010–2012. Liver fibrosis progression was defined as increase in LSM by 30% or more to levels suggestive of advanced fibrosis at the second assessment.ResultsAt baseline, the mean age was 38 ± 11 years, 58% were males, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was 65 ± 52 IU/L, hepatitis B virus DNA was 4.2 ± 1.2 log IU/mL, and LSM was 6.3 ± 2.1 kPa. At an interval of 42 ± 6 months, 13 patients (5.2%) developed liver fibrosis progression, and 106 patients (42.9%) required antiviral therapy. None of the clinical parameters (e.g. gender, age, ALT, hepatitis B virus DNA, hepatitis B surface antigen level, etc.) was associated with liver fibrosis progression. Among 74 and 137 patients in immune‐tolerant and immune‐reactive phase, 4.1% and 6.6% had liver fibrosis progression, and 12.2% and 67.2% received antiviral therapy respectively (P = 0.45 and P < 0.001). Immune‐tolerant patients with low‐normal (< 0.5× upper limit of normal) or high‐normal ALT (0.5–1× upper limit of normal) also had similar risk of liver fibrosis progression (5.7% vs 2.6%; P = 0.49).ConclusionsLiver fibrosis progression is uncommon in HBeAg‐positive patients. Patients in immune‐reactive phase treated with antiviral therapy did not have increased risk of liver fibrosis progression.
Aberrant cytokeratin expression as a possible prognostic predictor in poorly differentiated colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Yamagishi Hidetsugu , Imai Yasuo , Okamura Takuya , Fukuda Kazunori , Ono Yuko , Ban Shinichi , Inoue Tohru , Ueda Yoshihiko 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground and AimThe cytokeratin (CK)7−/CK20+ immunoprofile is characteristic of colorectal carcinoma (CRC), although CK7+ or CK20− phenotypes are occasionally encountered, particularly in histologically variant CRCs. We analyzed CK7/CK20 profiles in variant CRCs in association with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis.MethodsCK expression in well‐ and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (WMDA) (n = 63), poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDA) (n = 91), mucinous adenocarcinoma (MUA) (n = 81), signet‐ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) (n = 15), undifferentiated carcinoma (UDC) (n = 12), and adenosquamous carcinoma (n = 2) was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Cut‐off scores were set at 1% for CK7 and 25% for CK20 using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of PDA. Association between CK20− and better prognosis in PDA was validated in the second cohort (n = 66).ResultsCK7/CK20 immunoprofiling revealed a predominant CK7−/CK20+ profile in WMDA, MUA, and SRCC, while the majority of UDC was characterized by a CK7−/CK20− profile. The CK7/CK20 profile in PDA was variable. Contingency table analysis revealed that CK expression was not significantly associated with any clinicopathologic parameters in WMDA, PDA, and MUA. However, survival analysis demonstrated that CK20− was significantly associated with better prognosis in PDA. Although CK20− was significantly associated with mismatch repair deficiency in PDA, it was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. Finally, we confirmed that CK20 status, determined using a 25% cut‐off score, was a significant prognostic parameter in the second PDA cohort.ConclusionsCK20 status may be used as a prognostic predictor of PDA.
Portion weights of food served in English schools: have they changed following the introduction of nutrient‐based standards?
Authors: Pearce J. , Wood L. , Stevens L. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundMandatory food‐based and nutrient‐based standards for the food provided in English schools were introduced in 2008 (primary) and 2009 (secondary) and have had a positive impact on pupils' food choice and nutrient intake at school. There are no recommendations for portion sizes in England, although anecdotal evidence suggests that portions of food and drink sold in schools have decreased since the standards were introduced.MethodsData were collected from 136 primary and 80 secondary schools in 2009 and 2010/11, respectively. All food and drink items provided at lunchtime were weighed on five consecutive days at each school. The mean and median weight, SD, and 25th and 75th centile for each individual food were calculated. Data were compared with the results obtained from similar surveys in 2004 and 2005, as well as with portion size recommendations for Scottish schools.ResultsThe proportion of food items that differed in weight since 2004/05 varied from 13% in primary schools to 29% in secondary schools. Changes in weight were equally likely to be positive or negative, with the exception of portions of fruit and vegetables, which had decreased. Primary schools were more likely to meet portion size recommendations than secondary schools.ConclusionsOf the items that were directly comparable over time, a limited number showed a significant change in portion size since the standards for school food were introduced. Portion weight recommendations are based on a balanced healthy diet, and pupils should eat all the components of meals offered by schools to meet dietary recommendations.
Fertility and sexual function in female Hodgkin lymphoma survivors of reproductive age
Authors: Eeltink Corien M , Incrocci Luca , Witte Birgit I , Meurs Saskia , Visser Otto , Huijgens Peter , Verdonck‐de Leeuw Irma M 
Published: June 2013

Aims and objectivesTo assess the perceived fertility status and to determine the association between perceived fertility status and sexual function, as reported by young female Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.BackgroundYoung female Hodgkin lymphoma survivors are at risk of infertility and impaired sexual function. However, little is known about their awareness of infertility and its association with sexual functioning.DesignA descriptive questionnaire survey.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, a survey was completed by female Hodgkin lymphoma survivors (< 40 years). Outcome measures included self‐reported fertility status and sexual problems and the internationally validated Female Sexual Function Index.ResultsIn total, 36 survivors were included (mean age 32 years, SD 4). Eighteen women (50%) thought themselves fertile. Eight survivors (22%) who perceived themselves as being infertile were more often treated with alkylator‐based chemotherapy, and 63% reported sexual dysfunction. Ten survivors (28%) were not aware as to whether they were fertile or not; seven of these would like to have children. The reported fertility status was related to age and chemotherapy regimen. Regarding sexuality, 14 (39%) of the female Hodgkin lymphoma survivors reported one or more sexual problem and none reported recovery. Female sexual dysfunction according to the Female Sexual Function Index was reported by 11 (31%) survivors.ConclusionAlmost 30% of Hodgkin lymphoma survivors do not know whether they are fertile or not. Overall sexual dysfunction is common in Hodgkin lymphoma survivors and comparable to the general population. However, a lack of desire was significantly more often reported in female Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.Relevance to clinical practiceTo prevent assumed infertility and unintended childlessness by postponing parenthood in young female survivors, awareness of fertility status is needed. There is also a need to routinely assess sexual function and provide adequate interventions to improve arousal and lubrication problems.
Hospice nurses' perspectives of spirituality
Authors: Tiew Lay Hwa , Kwee Jian Hui , Creedy Debra K , Chan Moon Fai 
Published: June 2013

Aims and objectivesTo explore Singapore hospice nurses' perspectives of spirituality and spiritual care.DesignA descriptive, cross‐sectional design was used.BackgroundSpiritual care is integral to providing quality end‐of‐life care. However, patients often report that this aspect of care is lacking. Previous studies suggest that nurses' neglect of this aspect of care could be attributed to poor understanding of what spirituality is and what such care entails. This study aimed to explore Singapore hospice nurses' perspectives about spirituality and spiritual care.MethodsA convenience sample of hospice nurses was recruited from the eight hospices in Singapore. The survey comprised two parts: the participant demographic details and the Spirituality Care‐Giving Scale. This 35‐item validated instrument measures participants' perspectives about spirituality and spiritual care.ResultsSixty‐six nurses participated (response rate of 65%). Overall, participants agreed with items in the Spiritual Care‐Giving Scale related to Attributes of Spiritual Care; Spiritual Perspectives; Spiritual Care Attitudes; and Spiritual Care Values. Results from general linear model analysis showed statistically significant main effects between race, spiritual affiliation and type of hospice setting, with the total Spiritual Care‐Giving Scale score and four‐factor scores.ConclusionsSpirituality was perceived to be universal, holistic and existential in nature. Spiritual care was perceived to be relational and centred on respecting patients' differing faiths and beliefs. Participants highly regarded the importance of spiritual care in the care of patients at end‐of‐life. Factors that significantly affected participants' perspectives of spirituality and spiritual care included race, spiritual affiliation and hospice type.Relevance to clinical practiceStudy can clarify values and importance of spirituality and care concepts in end‐of‐life care. Accordingly, spirituality and care issues can be incorporated in multi‐disciplinary team discussions. Explicit guidelines regarding spiritual care and resources can be developed.
Hedonic Response to Fish in Preschoolers
Authors: Donadini G. , Fumi M.D. , Porretta S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPreschoolers’ hedonic response to fish dishes was investigated by actual tasting in a natural environment of consumption. Cod with tomato sauce (CTS), plaice with tomato sauce (PTS) and oven‐baked breaded plaice (OBBP) were scored during school lunch by 90 preschoolers on a 5‐point nongender facial scale. Liking varied significantly (P < 0.001) across dishes. CTS and OBBP were highly appreciated and significantly preferred to PTS, which was disliked.Cluster analysis identified four groups of children with homogeneous preference patterns. Nearly 4 children out of 10 equally liked OBBP and CTS, and disliked PTS. Nearly one child out of three equally liked all the dishes. One child out of seven preferred OBBP to fish dishes with tomato sauce. One child out of 10 preferred CTS to dishes with plaice.Acceptance was related not only to objective sensory properties of fish dishes but also on background characteristics of the children. Familiarity with the fish dish, the reported liking of the target fish types as well as the neophobic status of children modulate the hedonic response to fish dishes.For nearly 6 children out of 10, liking is positively related to fish odor, fish flavor and greasiness, whereas it is negatively related to softness, jelly‐like texture, fast melting and falling apart easily textures. For one child out of seven, liking is positively related to bread‐related attributes and negatively with tomato‐related attributes. For 1 child out of 10, liking is negatively related to tomato‐related attributes and fish odor.Practical ApplicationsFish is a food rich in valuable nutrients but it is scarcely appreciated by children. Therefore, it is important to identify the drivers of liking for seafood in natural environments of consumption by actual tasting to understand what is to be done to control fish acceptance and formulate more energy‐balanced and sensory‐appealing meals. The identification of specific sensory characteristics that drive preference in subgroups of preschoolers with radically different sensory preferences opens up ways to engineer specific and more versatile interventions to promote fish consumption in preschoolers.
Changes in some blood parameters and production performance of old laying hens due to growth hormone and testosterone injection
Authors: Mohammadi H. , Ansari‐Pirsaraei Z. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryThe experiment was designed to study the changes in some blood parameters and production performance of old laying hens after injection of different doses of growth hormone (GH) and testosterone (Ts). A total of 160 old laying hens (HyLine W‐36) at 73 weeks of age were weighed individually and randomly allocated to four treatments with four replicates and 10 birds in each replicate in a completely randomized design. Growth hormone and Ts hormones were injected subcutaneously. Treatment groups were as follows: treatment 1: injection of 100 μl distiled water (control group), treatment 2: injection of 500 μg Ts/kg live‐weight + 50 μgGH/kg live‐weight, treatment 3: injection of 500 μgTs/kg live‐weight + 100 μgGH/kg live‐weight and treatment 4: injection of 500 μgTs/kg live‐weight + 150 μgGH/kg live‐weight. Plasma levels of oestradiol, T4, LDL, HDL and cholesterol significantly increased in treatment 3 in relation to the control group. All injected hens showed significantly higher levels of glucose in relation to control group. The results showed the positive effects of GH and Ts administration on production performance and blood parameters which are associated with egg production potentiality and in turn may improve reproductivity (egg production) in old laying hens. The positive results of the study may be useful in animal selection and breeding programmes.
A phylogeny of Bromeliaceae (Poales, Monocotyledoneae) derived from an evaluation of nine supertree methods
Authors: ESCOBEDO‐SARTI Jeanett , RAMÍREZ Ivón , LEOPARDI Carlos , CARNEVALI Germán , MAGALLÓN Susana , DUNO Rodrigo , MONDRAGÓN Demetria 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThere are 26 phylogenetic studies for Bromeliaceae based on different sources of evidence. Despite this broad phylogenetic coverage of Bromeliaceae, however, the available phylogenetic data display a scattered sampling, with little overlap among different types of evidence. The aim of this study is to integrate the available phylogenetic information of the Bromeliaceae in one hypothesis using a supertree. To test which of them integrates best the information for Bromeliaceae, nine supertree methods were employed: Avcon, MSS, MinFlip, MMC, MRP, PhySIC_IST, Robinson–Foulds Supertree, Sfit, and SuperFine. Supertrees were compared with a reference tree, generated from the maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of a supermatrix integrated by 120 taxa of Bromeliaceae and seven cpDNA regions. In order to select which method best reconstructs the most robust phylogeny, two different sets of source trees were used: (i) those generated from the analysis of each individual DNA regions; and (ii) four selected phylogenies (from the 26 published works). We used the consensus fork index, normalized partition metric, patristic distance coefficient, and the Shimodaira–Hasegawa test to compare supertrees with the reference tree. The best performing methods were used to construct a supertree using all phylogenies of Bromeliaceae. The SuperFine method generated the best supertree. The lack of overlapping among phylogenies was the major limiting factor for the integration of the phylogenetic information of Bromeliaceae. Nonetheless, supertree methods helped in the identification of poorly sampled groups, as well as to explore levels of agreement among published phylogenetic studies for Bromeliaceae.
Family Home Visiting Outcomes for Latina Mothers With and Without Mental Health Problems
Authors: Garcia Carolyn , McNaughton Diane , Radosevich David M. , Brandt Joan , Monsen Karen 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate outcomes of a public health nursing family home visiting (FHV) intervention for Latina mothers with and without mental health problems.Design and SampleRetrospective cohort analysis of de‐identified FHV data. Latina clients served by public health nurses (PHNS) in an urban Midwest public health agency (2007–2010). Of the 680 clients there were 158 with mental health problems (n = 30, 14–17 year olds; n = 128, 18–52 year olds) and 522 without mental health problems (n = 100, 14–17 year olds; n = 422, 18–52 year olds).MeasuresClient age, number of problems, number of visits, length of service, presence of mental health problem, and Omaha System knowledge, behavior, and status scores for all client problems. Analysis included general linear mixed models adjusted for co‐variables (i.e., age, comorbidities).ResultsAll groups improved knowledge, behavior, and status. Knowledge improvement was not significantly different across groups. Behavior improved more among adults with mental health problems (p = .013). Status improved more among adolescents with mental health problems (p = .012).ConclusionsLatina mothers, particularly those with mental health problems, improve after PHN FHV services. Further study should examine intervention patterns associated with these outcomes, and seek explanations for differences in outcomes.
Evaluation and QTL mapping of resistance to powdery mildew in lettuce
Authors: Simko I. , Rauscher G. , Sideman R. G. , McCreight J. D. , Hayes R. J. 
Published: June 2013

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is the major leafy vegetable that is susceptible to powdery mildew disease under greenhouse and field conditions. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to powdery mildew under greenhouse conditions were mapped in an interspecific population derived from a cross between susceptible L. sativa cultivar Salinas and the highly susceptible L. serriola accession UC96US23. Four significant QTLs were detected on linkage groups LG 1 (pm‐1.1), LG 2 (pm‐2.1 and pm‐2.2) and LG 7 (pm‐7.1), each explaining between 35 to 42% of the phenotypic variation. The four QTLs are not located in the documented hotspots of lettuce resistance genes. Alleles for the disease resistance at the four QTLs originated from both parents (two from each), demonstrating that even highly susceptible accessions may provide alleles for resistance to powdery mildew. These QTLs appeared to operate during limited periods of time. Results of the field trials with F2:3 and F3:4 families derived from a Soraya (moderately resistant) × Salinas cross demonstrated effective transfer of resistance to powdery mildew in this material. An integrated rating approach was used to estimate relative levels of resistance in 80 cultivars and accessions tested in a total of 23 field and greenhouse experiments. Generally, very low resistance was observed in crisphead‐type lettuces, while the highest relative resistance was recorded in leaf and butterhead types. Comparison of two disease assessment methods (percentage rating and the area under the disease progress steps, AUDPS) for detection of QTLs shows that the two approaches complement each other.
Essential Components of an Infection Prevention Program for Outpatient Hemodialysis Centers
Authors: Hess Sally , Bren Virginia 
Published: June 2013

AbstractInfections are a significant complication for dialysis patients. The CDC estimates that 37,000 central line‐related bloodstream infections occurred in hemodialysis patients in 2008 and dialysis‐associated outbreaks of hepatitis C continue to be reported. While established hospital‐based infection prevention programs have existed since the 1970s, few dialysis facilities have an established in‐center program, unless the dialysis facility is hospital‐associated. This review focuses on essential core components required for an effective infection prevention program, extrapolating from acute‐care programs and building on current dialysis guidelines and recommendations. An effective infection prevention program requires infrastructure, including leaders who place infection prevention as a top priority, active involvement from a multidisciplinary team, surveillance of outcomes and processes with feedback, staff and patient education, and consistent use of evidence‐based practices. The program must be integrated into the existing Quality Assessment and Performance Improvement program. Best practice recommendations for the prevention of infection, specific to dialysis, continue to evolve as the epidemiology of dialysis‐associated infections is further researched and new evidence is gathered. A review of case studies illustrates that with an effective program in place, infection prevention becomes part of the culture, reduces infection risk, and improves patient safety.