bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
13Popular Culture
Authors: Pande Rukmini 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Scholarship on the creation and circulation of forms of popular culture has always been concerned with questions of audiences and reception. Initial theorizations of audiences as overly credulous, easily swayed masses have long been significantly complicated to account for more active participation. One of the key drivers of this move of framing audiences from passive to active has been the emergence of the discipline of fandom studies. Today, the field is truly multidisciplinary, encompassing popular culture and media studies, literary studies, communication studies and psychology, marketing and tourism studies, amongst others. Additionally, while fan communities have always been transnational and transcultural, the explosion of cross-cultural phenomena like the Korean Hallyu Wave (the worldwide popularity of Korean media texts and celebrities) has brought renewed attention to the interconnected nature of the contemporary global mediascape. Even as it has expanded, one of the main challenges to the discipline has been criticism that it has overemphasized aspects of fan identity, such as gender identity and sexual orientation, while neglecting the role of race. This critique challenges the structure of the field, whereby certain critical genealogies, methodologies, and even fandoms themselves, are granted a canonical and universal status while others are seen as tertiary. This review of published works in popular culture studies focuses on studies of fandom that aim to break these silos, selecting three publications that address different aspects of today’s globalized fandom mediascape to underline the necessity for fandom scholars to expand their understanding of how these spaces are interconnected. Thematically, the review considers how these publications address and extend three core interests of fandom studies: 1. Digital Platforms and Politics; 2. Identity and Community; and 3. Transcultural Flows.
Antipsychotics Linked to Increased Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Dementia
Authors: Rosenberg Karen 
Published: July 2024

According to this study:

Use of antipsychotics in patients with dementia is associated with an increased risk of a wide range of serious adverse outcomes, particularly soon after the initiation of treatment.Antipsychotics are associated with a wider range of risks than previously known, and any potential benefits must be weighed against the risk of serious harm.
Tumor angiogenesis and anti-angiogenic therapy
Authors: Guo Ziheng , Jing Xu , Sun Xiaoting , Sun Shishuo , Yang Yunlong , Cao Yihai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Anti-angiogenic drugs (AADs), which mainly target the vascular endothelial growth factor-A signaling pathway, have become a therapeutic option for cancer patients for two decades. During this period, tremendous clinical experience of anti-angiogenic therapy has been acquired, new AADs have been developed, and the clinical indications for AAD treatment of various cancers have been expanded using monotherapy and combination therapy. However, improvements in the therapeutic outcomes of clinically available AADs and the development of more effective next-generation AADs are still urgently required. This review aims to provide historical and perspective views on tumor angiogenesis to allow readers to gain mechanistic insights and learn new therapeutic development. We revisit the history of concept initiation and AAD discovery, and summarize the up-to-date clinical translation of anti-angiogenic cancer therapy in this field.
Presurgical Mapping With Ultra-high Frequency Ultrasound of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesions Treated With Wide Local Excision and Secondary Intention Healing
Authors: Michelucci Alessandra , Fidanzi Cristian , Manzo Margiotta Flavia , Granieri Giammarco , Salvia Giorgia , Janowska Agata , Romanelli Marco , Dini Valentina 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a challenging chronic inflammatory condition often requiring surgical intervention, such as wide local excision. Preoperative mapping with ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) enables detailed assessment of lesion extension, particularly identifying tunnels and fistulas, facilitating surgical planning.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to analyze recurrence rates of HS lesions previously mapped with UHFUS and treated with wide excision and secondary intention healing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective single-center study enrolled 40 patients with HS undergoing wide excision surgery after UHFUS mapping. Patients were assessed weekly until complete healing and then every 3 months, evaluating clinical and sonographic signs of relapse and pain using the visual analogue scale.

RESULTS
Results showed a population predominantly composed of women (65%) with a mean age of 39 years and a medium HS-Hurley score of 2.5. Over a 22-month follow-up, only 10% experienced clinical relapse, achieving an 90% total remission rate. Pain scores decreased significantly from Week 0 to Week 4.

CONCLUSION
The study highlights the clinical challenge of HS management, particularly regarding surgical planning and lesion margin definition. The remission rate observed in this study suggests the effectiveness of UHFUS-guided surgical approaches. Future studies should extend observation periods to further validate these findings.
Impact of primary aldosteronism on kidney function: results from the SPAIN-ALDO registry
Authors: Araujo-Castro Marta , Paja Fano Miguel , González-Boillos Marga , Pascual-Corrales Eider , Martín Rojas-Marcos Patricia , García-Cano Ana , Ruiz-Sanchez Jorge Gabriel , Vicente Almudena , Gómez-Hoyos Emilia , Casterás Anna , Puig-Pérez Albert , García Sanz Iñigo , Recasens Mónica , Barahona San Millan Rebeca , Picón César María José , Díaz Guardiola Patricia , Perdomo Carolina M. , Manjón-Miguélez Laura , Rebollo Román Angel , Robles Lázaro Cristina , María Recio José , Morales-Ruiz Manuel , Calatayud María , Jiménez López Noemi , Meneses Diego , Sampedro Nuñez Miguel , Mena Ribas Elena , Sanmartín Sánchez Alicia , Gonzalvo Diaz Cesar , Lamas Cristina , Castillo Tous María del , Serrano Joaquín , Michalopoulou Theodora , Tenés Rodrigo Susana , Roa Chamorro Ricardo , Jaén Aguila Fernando , Moya Mateo Eva María , Gutiérrez-Medina Sonsoles , Hanzu Felicia Alexandra , Parra Ramírez Paola 
Published: July 2024

Aim:
To evaluate the impact of aldosterone excess on renal function in individuals with primary aldosteronism and to compare its evolution after surgery or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) treatment.

Methods:
A multicentre, retrospective cohort study of primary aldosteronism patients in follow-up in 36 Spanish tertiary hospitals, who underwent specific treatment for primary aldosteronism (MRA or adrenalectomy).

Results:
A total of 789 patients with primary aldosteronism were included, with a median age of 57.5 years and 41.8% being women. At primary aldosteronism diagnosis, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was 10.7% (n = 84), with 75% of cases classified as state 3a (n = 63). Primary aldosteronism patients with CKD had a longer duration of hypertension, a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular events, hypokalaemia, and albuminuria. Unilateral adrenalectomy was performed in 41.8% of cases (n = 330), and 459 patients were treated with MRA. After a median follow-up of 30.7 months (range 13.3–68.4), there was a significant decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in operated patients and those receiving MRA. During follow-up, 24.4% of patients with CKD at the time of primary aldosteronism diagnosis had normalized renal function, and 39% of those with albuminuria had albuminuria remission. There were no differences in renal function or albuminuria regression between the two therapy groups. However, development of albuminuria was less common in operated than in medically treated patients (0 vs. 6.0%, P = 0.009).

Conclusion:
CKD affects around 10% of the patients with primary aldosteronism, with a higher risk in individuals with long-term hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular events, hypokalaemia, and albuminuria. At short-term, both MRA and surgical treatment lead to a reduction of renal function, but adrenalectomy led to higher renal protection.
Assessing the Mental Model State of Emergency Responders in the Context of Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) Incidents: A Multi-state Study
Authors: Leek Angela E. , Keren Nir , Shelley Mack C. , Franke Warren , Mosher Gretchen A. , Simpson Stephen A. , Rice Timothy , Hayden H. Emily 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Technicians’ notions of mental model, or cognitive representations of their understanding and beliefs regarding Radiological Dispersal Devices (RDDs) incidents, have not been previously explored. A prior study developed an Expected Mental Model State (EMMS) framework specific to RDD incident response for HAZMAT technicians. The work herein presents the development of a derivative of this framework, the EMMS Diagnostic Matrix, to evaluate the actual Mental Model State (MMS) of HAZMAT technicians in the context of RDD incidents. The EMMS Diagnostic Matrix was administered via a survey and simulation activity in four U.S. states representing the Northeast, West, South, and Midwest regions. Data were collected and coded using grounded theory methodology. Reflexive thematic analysis was employed to identify themes across related areas where the notions of mental model for the HAZMAT technician responders' actual MMS differed from the EMMS. The analysis of the collected data revealed four significant themes representing incomplete notions of the mental model spanning various EMMS conceptual domains: Overestimation of Radiation Dose and Health Effects, indicating misunderstandings about the health impacts of radiation exposure, Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS), particularly in the lower range of radiation doses; Overreliance on Responder Protection [personal protective equipment (PPE)/self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)], highlighting gaps in understanding radiation principles and radioactive material dispersal properties from a radiological dispersal device; Misunderstanding Radiation Detection and Units, signifying confusion about radiation units and differentiation between dose rate and accumulated dose; and Incomplete Understanding of Radiation Characteristics and Dispersal Properties, outlining a limited grasp of inhalation risks from radiation and the dispersal traits of a radiological dispersal device. The interconnectedness of these technical misunderstandings can guide the development of a strategic plan to evaluate and modify existing training, aiming at these specific themes to improve the efficiency of HAZMAT technicians in emergency situations and to identify areas for further research.
“Urological age” as a proxy of healthy longevity: analysis of prospective population-based cohorts in U.S. and China
Authors: Jin Yuming , Huang Weichao , Zeng Bin , Yang Lu , Wang Shengfeng , Manuel Colucci , Daniele Robesti , Deng Linghui , Leng Siqi , Hu Dan , Wang Daming , Jiang Zhongyuan , Yi Qinling , Zhang Li , Zeng Yuxiao , Zhu Wenjie , Li Sheng , Liu Xinyue , Wei Qiang , Qiu Shi 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Assessing urinary symptoms poses a complex challenge for primary care practitioners. In evaluating urological function, authors’ approach involves constructing an urological age through the analysis of laboratory parameters and indicators of the urinary system.

Methods:
Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), urological laboratory tests and age-related symptoms were included in the development of urological age (UA) and urological age acceleration (UAA) through the Klemera Doubal method. In relation to mortality associated with UAA, the metric was categorized into grades (0, 1, 2) as a discrete variable. The authors investigated the correlation between UAA and its grades with mortality, conducted survival analysis based on UAA grades, and explored the correlation between multi-system ageing-related disorders and UAA grades based on the NHANES and the West China Natural Population Cohort Study.

Results:
UA was related to age with the r to 0.85 in men and 0.84 in women. Each year the increase in UAA was related to higher 1% and 4% mortality for men and women. Those with UAA grades 1 and 2 were associated with more risk of mortality than individuals with UAA grade 0 (men 8% and 40%, women 24% and 157%). The advanced UAA grades kept pace with multi-system ageing. Healthy diets and lifestyle habits are associated with lower UAA.

Conclusion:
Urological age is related to multi-system ageing and increases mortality risk, and urological age can be used to screen high-risk individuals and inform precision clinical development for ageing intervention.
Meta-analysis reveals higher intraoperative urologic complication rates in minimally invasive radical hysterectomy compared to abdominal radical hysterectomy
Authors: Hwang Jong Ha , Kim Bitnarae 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Minimally invasive radical hysterectomy (MIRH) has been increasingly adopted for its benefits of reduced blood loss and shorter hospital stays. This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis to compare the incidence of intraoperative urologic complications, including bladder and ureteral injuries, between MIRH and abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH).

Method:
The authors systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for studies published up to April 2024. A total of 35 studies were analyzed to compute odds ratios (ORs) for intraoperative urologic complications, bladder injuries, and ureteral injuries, focusing on subgroup evaluations by publication year, study quality, BMI, geographic region, and surgical method.

Results:
The meta-analysis demonstrates that MIRH is associated with higher risks of intraoperative urologic complications (OR=2.412, 95% CI: 1.995–2.916, P<0.001), bladder injuries (OR=2.109, 95% CI: 1.567–2.839, P<0.01), and ureteral injuries (OR=2.549, 95% CI: 1.992–3.262, P<0.001). No publication bias was detected across the studies, ensuring the robustness of the findings. Significant differences in complication rates were also observed across geographic and procedural subgroups.

Conclusion:
The findings confirm that MIRH has a higher rate of intraoperative urologic complications, including bladder and ureteral injuries, compared to ARH. These results provide essential insights that could guide clinical decision-making and influence surgical practice guidelines.
Assessing Chronic Ear Symptoms in Bone-Conduction Hearing Implant (BCHI) Patients Using the Chronic Otitis Media Benefit Inventory (COMBI) Score
Authors: Collins Rachael , Phillips John , Hanif Junaid , Nunney Ian , Collett Amanda 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using a validated disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) questionnaire in patients undergoing bone-conduction hearing implant (BCHI) insertion.Study DesignA mixed retrospective and prospective correlational study.SettingSingle tertiary referral center in the United Kingdom.PatientsAll adult patients undergoing their first BCHI over 6 years (April 1, 2017, to March 3, 2023).Main Outcome MeasuresThe Chronic Otitis Media Benefit Inventory (COMBI) score (postintervention) and the Glasgow Health Status Inventory (GHSI) (pre-and post-BCHI questionnaire).ResultsImprovements were seen across all COMBI domains. The mean total COMBI score was 46.3 (standard deviation = 5.3). Although expected significant improvements were seen in hearing and social domains, there were also notable gains in ear symptoms and reduced medical intervention post-BCHI. There was a statistically significant improvement in all GHSI scores post-BCHI (median total difference 67.1,p< 0.0001).ConclusionsThis study reports very favorable outcomes for BCHI patients using two different PROMs: COMBI and GHSI. Although these PROMs complement each other, they also offer different perspectives on the same cohort of patients, with COMBI providing a unique insight into specific ear symptoms. This is the first reported study using this complement of PROMS in BCHI patients and offers further evidence for the wide-reaching improvements BCHI can have for patients.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 as a drug target for abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Golledge Jonathan , Lu Hong S. , Shah Sonia 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
There are no current drug therapies to limit abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) growth. This review summarizes evidence suggesting that inhibiting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) may be a drug target to limit AAA growth.

Recent findings
Mendelian randomization studies suggest that raised LDL and non-HDL-cholesterol are causal in AAA formation. PCSK9 was reported to be upregulated in human AAA samples compared to aortic samples from organ donors. PCSK9 gain of function viral vectors promoted aortic expansion in C57BL/6 mice infused with angiotensin II. The effect of altering PCSK9 expression in the aortic perfusion elastase model was reported to be inconsistent. Mutations in the gene encoding PCSK9, which increase serum cholesterol, were associated with increased risk of human AAA. Patients with AAA also have a high risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke. Recent research suggests that PCSK9 inhibition would substantially reduce the risk of these events.

Summary
Past research suggests that drugs that inhibit PCSK9 have potential as a novel therapy for AAA to both limit aneurysm growth and reduce risk of cardiovascular events. A large multinational randomized controlled trial is needed to test if PCSK9 inhibition limits AAA growth and cardiovascular events.
Validation of the Emergency Department Work Index in a Pediatric Freestanding Community Emergency Department
Authors: Chen Sarah M. , Stewart Gregory , Sentman Emily , Helwig Sara , Rust Laura , Hoffman Jeffrey , Reynolds Maegan , Bennett Berkeley 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
The Emergency Department Work Index (EDWIN) is a validated overcrowding score shown to correlate well with staff assessment of adult emergency department (ED) overcrowding and the potential need for diversion. It derives from the number of staffed ED beds, attending physicians on duty, patients within each triage category, and admitted patients. To date, no study has validated EDWIN in a pediatric community ED setting. We aim to determine if EDWIN correlates with established overcrowding measures and provider perception of overcrowding within a freestanding, community-based pediatric ED.

Methods
In this prospective observational study at a freestanding, community-based pediatric ED, EDWIN was calculated hourly over 8 weeks throughout the year. EDWIN was compared with other objective and previously established ED metrics of overcrowding, including rates of patients who left without being seen (LWBS), average time from arrival to ED room, average length of stay (LOS), ED occupancy rates, and number of patients in the waiting room. Furthermore, EDWIN was compared with provider perception of overcrowding by surveying providers 6 times a day during the study period using novel, real-time, longitudinal, electronic health record-based survey distribution methodology. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to characterize the associations between EDWIN vs provider perception and EDWIN vs ED metrics. ANOVA and Tukey HSD were used to compare means of ED metrics of overcrowding across EDWIN severity categories.

Results
Five hundred eleven provider perception survey responses were collected from July 2022 through January 2023. EDWIN directly correlated with all measures of overcrowding, including provider perception of crowdedness (rho = 0.67), LWBS rates (rho = 0.44), average time from arrival to ED room (rho = 0.74), average LOS (rho = 0.70), ED occupancy rates (rho = 0.68), and number of patients in the waiting room (rho = 0.65). All findings were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that EDWIN is an accurate tool to measure overcrowding in a freestanding, community-based pediatric ED.
Leprous neuropathy
Authors: Marques Wilson 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
Leprosy is still an important cause of neuropathy. Late diagnosis is associated with development of severe nerve impairment.

Recent findings
early diagnosis and early treatment is essential in order to avoid disability and disease transmission. Recognizing that leprosy is a neurological disease is a fundamental step to the Leprosy zero action proposed by the World Health Organization

Summary
leprosy neuropathy manifests as a mononeuropathy or a multiple mononeuropathy with a temperature-dependent distribution. Electromyography, high-resolution sonography serology and PCR help make the diagnosis. Multidrug therapy should be instituted.
Muscle ultrasound in myopathies
Authors: Vicino Alex , Veltsista Dimitra , van Alfen Nens 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of reviewThis review highlights recent developments in the field of muscle ultrasound (MUS) for the diagnosis and follow up of muscle disorders.Recent findingsThe diagnostic screening capacity of quantitative grayscale analysis is still sufficient to assess children suspected of a neuromuscular disorder. A combination of visual and quantitative assessment is advised for optimal interpretation. MUS was more sensitive but less specific than MRI for detecting pathology in limb girdle dystrophies and inflammatory myopathies. New techniques such as shearwave elastography and artificial intelligence algorithms for automated image segmentation show promise but need further development for use in everyday practice.Muscle ultrasound has high correlations with clinical measures of function in skeletal and respiratory muscles and the orofacial region, in most of the myopathies and dystrophies studied. Over time, imaging changes precede changes in clinical status, making them attractive for biomarker use in trials. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy MUS was also responsive to the effects of steroid treatment.SummaryMuscle ultrasound is a sensitive technique to diagnose and follow up of skeletal, facial and respiratory muscles in neuromuscular disorders. Its role is both complementary to and partially overlapping with that of MRI.