bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the effect of the COVID-19-induced joint replacement deficit in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland suggests recovery will be protracted
Authors: French Jonathan M. R. , Deere Kevin , Jones Tim , Pegg Derek J. , Reed Mike R. , Whitehouse Michael R. , Sayers Adrian 
Published: August 2024

AimsThe COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the provision of arthroplasty services in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. This study aimed to quantify the backlog, analyze national trends, and predict time to recovery.MethodsWe performed an analysis of the mandatory prospective national registry of all independent and publicly funded hip, knee, shoulder, elbow, and ankle replacements in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland between January 2019 and December 2022 inclusive, totalling 729,642 operations. The deficit was calculated per year compared to a continuation of 2019 volume. Total deficit of cases between 2020 to 2022 was expressed as a percentage of 2019 volume. Sub-analyses were performed based on procedure type, country, and unit sector.ResultsBetween January 2020 and December 2022, there was a deficit of 158,994 joint replacements. This is equivalent to over two-thirds of a year of normal expected operating activity (71.6%). There were 104,724 (-47.1%) fewer performed in 2020, 41,928 (-18.9%) fewer performed in 2021, and 12,342 (-5.6%) fewer performed in 2022, respectively, than in 2019. Independent-sector procedures increased to make it the predominant arthroplasty provider (53% in 2022). NHS activity was 73.2% of 2019 levels, while independent activity increased to 126.8%. Wales (-136.3%) and Northern Ireland (-121.3%) recorded deficits of more than a year’s worth of procedures, substantially more than England (-66.7%). It would take until 2031 to eliminate this deficit with an immediate expansion of capacity over 2019 levels by 10%.ConclusionThe arthroplasty deficit following the COVID-19 pandemic is now equivalent to over two-thirds of a year of normal operating activity, and continues to increase. Patients awaiting different types of arthroplasty, in each country, have been affected disproportionately. A rapid and significant expansion in services is required to address the deficit, and will still take many years to rectify.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(8):834–841.
Prevalence and correlates of Human Papillomavirus infection in females from Southern Province, Zambia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Muchaili Lweendo , Simushi Precious , Mweene Bislom C. , Mwakyoma Tuku , Masenga Sepiso K. , Hamooya Benson M. 
Published: August 2024

Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is strongly associated with cervical cancer with almost all cases being associated with the infection. Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women in Zambia and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. However, there is limited data on the burden and associated factors of HPV in sub-Saharan Africa. This study therefore aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of HPV infection in the Southern province of Zambia.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) among 4,612 women from different districts of the southern province being screened for HPV infection between September 2021 and August 2022. Demographic and clinical data were collected from an existing laboratory programmatic database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the factors associated with HPV infection.

Results
The study participants had a median age of 39 years [interquartile range (IQR) 30, 47]. The prevalence of HPV infection was 35.56% (95%CI). At multivariable analysis, the factors associated with a positive HPV result were younger age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98–0.99; p. value 0.001), having provider collected sample (AOR 2.15; 95%CI 1.66–2.79; p. value <0.001) and living with HIV (AOR 1.77; 95%CI 1.22–2.55; p. value <0.002).

Conclusion
The prevalence of HPV in women in the southern province of Zambia is high, and likely influenced by age and HIV status. Additionally, the outcome of the HPV test is affected by the sample collection method. Therefore, there is a necessity to enhance HPV and cervical cancer screening, especially among people with HIV.
Fostering active choice to empower behavioral change to reduce cardiovascular risk: A web-based randomized controlled trial
Authors: Landais Lorraine L. , Jelsma Judith G. M. , Damman Olga C. , Verhagen Evert A. L. M. , Timmermans Danielle R. M. 
Published: August 2024

Objective
To investigate the effect of an active choice (AC) intervention based on creating risk and choice awareness–versus a passive choice (PC) control group–on intentions and commitment to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk-reducing behavior.

Methods
Adults aged 50–70 (n = 743) without CVD history participated in this web-based randomized controlled trial. The AC intervention included presentation of a hypothetical CVD risk in a heart age format, information about CVD risk and choice options, and a values clarification exercise. The PC group received a hypothetical absolute numerical CVD risk and brief information and advice about lifestyle and medication. Key outcomes were reported degree of active choice, intention strength, and commitment to adopt risk-reducing behavior.

Results
More AC compared to PC participants opted for lifestyle change (OR = 2.86, 95%CI:1.51;5.44), or lifestyle change and medication use (OR = 2.78, 95%CI:1.42;5.46), than ‘no change’. No differences were found for intention strength. AC participants made a more active choice than PC participants (β = 0.09, 95%CI:0.01;0.16), which was sequentially mediated by cognitive risk perception and negative affect. AC participants also reported higher commitment to CVD risk-reducing behavior (β = 0.32, 95%CI:0.04;0.60), mediated by reported degree of active choice.

Conclusions
Fostering active choices increased intentions and commitment towards CVD risk-reducing behavior. Increased cognitive risk perception and negative affect were shown to mediate the effect of the intervention on degree of active choice, which in turn mediated the effect on commitment. Future research should determine whether fostering active choice also improves risk-reducing behaviors in individuals at increased CVD risk in real-life settings.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05142280. Prospectively registered.
The effect of Camellia sinensis ointment on perineal pain and episiotomy wound healing in primiparous women: A triple-blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sayahi Masoumeh , Jahangirimehr Azam , Hatami Manesh Zahra , Mojab Faraz , Nikbina Maryam 
Published: August 2024

Background and objective
Episiotomy is one of the most commonly performed procedures in obstetrics. complications of episiotomy are pain, bleeding, infection, pain in the sitting position, and difficulty in taking care of the baby. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Camellia sinensis ointment on perineal pain and episiotomy wound healing in primiparous women.

Methods
This triple-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 primiparous women who were referred to the maternity ward of Al-Hadi hospital in Shoushtar and Ganjovian hospital in Dezful, Iran, from 2020 to 2021. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention (Camellia sinensis extract ointment) and control (placebo) with a follow-up of 14 days. REEDA scale (redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge, and approximation) was used to measure wound healing and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to measure the pain intensity.

Results
There was no significant difference between two groups before intervention in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, pain intensity, and episiotomy wound status. Scores of pain intensity and wound healing reduced on days 7, 10, and 14 post-intervention in the intervention group compared to placebo. There was a significant decrease between the groups of intervention and control in terms of the mean score of pain intensity (VAS scale) on day 10 (1.33 ± 0.71, 1.77 ± 0.93) and day 14 (0.73 ± 0.74, 1.13 ± 0.81) post-intervention (P < 0.05). Also, on day 14 post-intervention, there was a significant decrease between the groups of intervention and control in terms of the mean score of episiotomy wound healing (REEDA index) (0.53 ± 0.77, 1.77 ± 1.46) (P < 0.05). The GLM test was applied for repeated measures. REEDA index and VAS scale changed during different times (time-variable) (p < .001). But, the studied groups (group variable) and the studied groups (interaction effect of group * time) did not affect the changes in the REEDA index (p = .292, p = .306) and VAS scale (p = .47) during different times.

Conclusion
Our study showed that Camellia sinensis extract ointment has a small effect on the healing process and pain reduction of episiotomy wounds. to confirm its effect, a study with a larger sample size should be conducted.

Trial registration
This trial was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on 04/10/2019 with the IRCT ID: IRCT20190804044428N1. Participants were enrolled between 11 April 2020 and 20 January 2021. URL of registry: https://en.irct.ir/trial/41326.
Applications and outcomes of implementing telemedicine for hypertension management in COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review
Authors: Hayavi-haghighi Mohammad Hosein , Gharibzade Abdullah , Choobin Niloofar , Ansarifard Haniyeh 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
COVID-19 presented a significant challenge for patients with hypertension in terms of access to care. However, telemedicine offered the healthcare system opportunities that had previously been underutilized. Therefore, this study aims to systematically review the applications and outcomes of telemedicine for hypertension management during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method
A structured search was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines across multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search was limited to studies published from December 2019 until May 2023, resulting in a total of 3727 studies. After quality appraisal using the CASP checklists version 2018, 29 articles were included in the final review. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis.

Results
Most of the studies reviewed had used the proprietary platforms (N = 14) and 11 studies had used public platforms such as social messengers or email. Also 9 studies relied on phone calls (N = 9) to record and transmit the clinical data. Some studies had applied two different approaches (proprietary/public platforms and phone). six articles (20.7%) focused only on hypertension control, while 23 articles (79.3%) examined hypertension as a comorbidity with other diseases. Also, the study identified 88 unique concepts, 15 initial themes, and six final themes for outcomes of using telemedicine for hypertension management during the COVID-19 pandemic. These themes include BP control, BP measurement and recording, medication management, mental health, care continuity and use and acceptance.

Conclusion
Telemedicine provides patients with hypertension with the opportunity to engage in medical consultations in a more convenient and comfortable manner, with the same validity as in-person visits. Telemedicine facilitates the creation of a connected network to support patients with high BP at any time and in any location. Limitations and issues may arise due to patients and healthcare staff’s unfamiliarity with telemedicine. These issues can be resolved through the ongoing use and continuous feedback.
Factors affecting the intention to use COVID-19 contact tracing application “StaySafe PH”: Integrating protection motivation theory, UTAUT2, and system usability theory
Authors: Ong Ardvin Kester S. , Prasetyo Yogi Tri , Tapiceria Regina Pia Krizzia M. , Nadlifatin Reny , Gumasing Ma. Janice J. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
StaySafe PH is the Philippines’ official contact tracing software for controlling the propagation of COVID-19 and promoting a uniform contact tracing strategy. The StaySafe PH has various features such as a social distancing system, LGU heat map and response system, real-time monitoring, graphs, infographics, and the primary purpose, which is a contact tracing system. This application is mandatory in establishments such as fast-food restaurants, banks, and malls.

Objective and methodology
The purpose of this research was to determine the country’s willingness to utilize StaySafe PH. Specifically, this study utilized 12 latent variables from the integrated Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2), and System Usability Scale (SUS). Data from 646 respondents in the Philippines were employed through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), Deep Learning Neural Network (DLNN), and SUS.

Results
Utilizing the SEM, it is found that understanding the COVID-19 vaccine, understanding the COVID-19 Delta variant, perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, performance expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, behavioral intention, actual use, and the system usability scale are major determinants of intent to utilize the application. Understanding of the COVID-19 Delta Variant was found to be the most important factor by DLNN, which is congruent with the results of SEM. The SUS score of the application is "D", which implies that the application has poor usability.

Implications
It could be implicated that large concerns stem from the trust issues on privacy, data security, and overall consent in the information needed. This is one area that should be promoted. That is, how the data is stored and kept, utilized, and covered by the system, how the assurance could be provided among consumers, and how the government would manage the information obtained. Building the trust is crucial on the development and deployment of these types of technology. The results in this study can also suggest that individuals in the Philippines expected and were certain that vaccination would help them not contract the virus and thus not be vulnerable, leading to a positive actual use of the application.

Novelty
The current study considered encompassing health-related behaviors using the PMT, integrating with the technology acceptance model, UTAUT2; as well as usability perspective using the SUS. This study was the first one to evaluate and assess a contact tracing application in the Philippines, as well as integrate the frameworks to provide a holistic measurement.
Efficacy and safety of Saireito (TJ-114) in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation procedures: A randomized pilot study
Authors: Kawaji Tetsuma , Shizuta Satoshi , Yaku Hidenori , Kaneda Kazuhisa , Yoneda Fumiya , Nishiwaki Shushi , Tanaka Munekazu , Aizawa Takanori , Hojo Shun , Nakatsuma Kenji , Kato Masashi , Yokomatsu Takafumi , Miki Shinji , Ono Koh , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: August 2024

Background
Early arrhythmia recurrences commonly occur after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation because of irritability and inflammation of left atrium. We hypothesized that short-term use of Saireito would be effective in reducing frequent atrial tachyarrhythmias in the early-phase post-ablation.

Methods
One hundred patients undergoing catheter ablation for symptomatic AF were randomly assigned to either a 30-day use of Saireito or control group. The primary endpoint was total number of episodes of frequent atrial tachyarrhythmias including definite recurrent AF and frequent premature atrial contractions during the 30-day treatment period post-ablation.

Results
Three (6.0%) out of 50 patients treated with Saireito discontinued the drug because of adverse symptoms. The Saireito group was associated with a numerically lower number of episodes of frequent atrial tachyarrhythmias than the control group (3.1 versus 5.2 times, P = 0.17). The mean daily episodes of frequent atrial tachyarrhythmias were significantly fewer in the Saireito group during Day-6 to Day-10 (0.12/day versus 0.27/day, P = 0.03), and during Day-11 to Day-15 (0.08/day versus 0.24/day, P = 0.001). The prevalence of adverse symptoms during the 30-day treatment period was significantly higher in the Saireito group (18.0% versus 2.0%, P = 0.005).

Conclusions
Thirty-day use of Saireito following AF ablation was associated with a tendency toward reduced number of episodes of frequent atrial tachyarrhythmias during the treatment period, with more pronounced effect in the first two weeks.
Impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions on gender-specific school attendance and learning outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Dibaba Dinaol Bedada , Alemu Bezatu Mengistie , Debela Sisay Abebe 
Published: August 2024

The Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) interventions have been acknowledged for their role in the public health and educational outcomes. While there are strong evidences that reveal that WASH facilities do reduce the prevalence of infectious diseases and improve the learning environment, data remain thin and equivocal on the differential impacts of WASH facilities on education by gender. The literature reviewed does not, in most cases; go to the extent of investigating if indeed both men and women students have unique needs especially in underprivileged areas. This is the point from which the present systematic review and meta-analysis intend to fill this gap by assessing the global evidence on the effect of WASH interventions on educational outcomes with due consideration given to gender. This systematic review will include international databases used for the search, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Europe PubMed Central, and Scopus. Study eligibility will include cross-sectional studies published in English on the impact of WASH interventions on school attendance and academic performance, stratifying gender-specific outcomes. Data extracted will be analyzed using the STATA software version 17. The percentage of heterogeneity will be quantified through the I2 statistics to show the variability between the included studies. Based on the observed results, diversity will be checked among the outcomes of the study and based on that random-effect model will be used to estimate the pooled effect size. I will, therefore, make use of the Egger and Begg tests for checking statistical asymmetry. Publication bias will be assessed with funnel plots. These will ensure the methodologies used provide comprehensive and rigorous data analysis, which will give strong insights into the impacts of the WASH intervention on educational outcomes.
Prospero registration number: Systematic review and Meta-analysis registration number: PROSPERO CRD42024536477.
Risk factors for postoperative ileus in hysterectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hou Zhuoer , Liu Ting , Li Xiaoyan , Lv Hangpeng , Sun Qiuhua 
Published: August 2024

Objective
The study intended to evaluate the risk factors of postoperative ileus in hysterectomy patients.

Study design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Program for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis statement. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Internet were searched. The search period was restricted from the earliest records to March 2024. Key words used were: (hysterectomy) AND (postoperative ileus OR postoperative intestinal obstruction OR ileus OR intestinal obstruction). Two researchers screened literatures and extracted data, and used Newcastle-Ottawa scale and Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies to evaluate their quality. Then, Stata17 software was used for statistical analysis.

Result
A total of 11 literatures were included. Personal factors and previous history of disease factors of postoperative ileus in hysterectomy patients included use opioids (OR = 3.91, 95%CI: 1.08–14.24), dysmenorrhea (OR = 2.51, 95%: 1.25–5.05), smoking (OR = 1.55, 95%: 1.18–2.02), prior abdominal or pelvic surgery (OR = 1.46, 95%CI: 1.16–1.83) and age (OR = 1.03, 95%: 1.02–1.04). Surgery-related factors included perioperative transfusion (OR = 4.50, 95%CI: 3.29–6.16), concomitant bowel surgery (OR = 3.79, 95%CI: 1.86–7.71), anesthesia technique (general anesthesia) (OR = 2.73, 95%CI: 1.60, 4.66), adhesiolysis (OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.52–2.56), duration of operation (OR = 1.78, 95%CI: 1.32–2.40), operation approach (laparoscopic hysterectomy) (OR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.29–0.64) and operation approach (vaginal hysterectomy) (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.18–0.69).

Conclusions
The results of this study were personal factors and previous history of disease factors, surgery-related factors, which may increase the risk of postoperative ileus in hysterectomy patients. After the conclusion of risk factors, more accurate screening and identification of high-risk groups can be conducted and timely preventive measures can be taken to reduce the incidence of postoperative ileus.

Trial registration
The study protocol for this meta-analysis was registered (CRD42023407167) with the PROSPERO database (www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero).
An investigation into patterns of Alcohol drinking in Scotland after the introduction of minimum unit pricing
Authors: Nguyen Duyen Thuy , Donnelly Michael , Hoang Minh Van , O’Neill Ciaran 
Published: August 2024

Background
In 2018, Scotland became the second country to implement minimum unit pricing (MUP) for all types of alcoholic beverages. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the policy.

Method
Three national household-level surveys were used: Scottish Health Surveys (2008–2021), Health Surveys in England (2011–2019), and Northern Ireland Continuous Household Survey (2011–2015). First, a generalized ordered logistic model examined patterns of drinking solely in Scotland from 2008–2021 covering current drinking, drinking categories and the weekly consumption (in alcohol units). Secondly, difference-in-difference (DID) analysis was employed to examine changes in “social drinking” behaviours in Scotland after the announcement in 2012 (2011–2015, Northern Ireland and England as comparators) and after the adoption of the policy in 2018 (England as a comparator, with two timeframes 2016–2019 and 2013–2019).

Results
Overall, drinking in Scotland began to decline prior to 2012 and dropped further with the enactment of MUP in 2018. In response to MUP, the likelihood of abstention increased along with a slight decrease in the prevalence of heavy drinking. The overall amount of drinking fell by about 8% after 2012 and 12% after 2018 (as compared to 2008–2011 level), with a significant decline seen in moderate drinkers but not of those who drank at hazardous or harmful levels. The DID analyses confirmed the reduction in current drinking in Scotland starting since 2012 and continued post-MUP in 2018.

Conclusion
This study points to the impact of MUP in Scotland with a potential role for ‘policy signalling’ by the Scottish Government’s with a multiple-buy discount ban and MUP’s announcement since 2011–2012. Indications of impact include a clear decline in alcohol consumption levels and a small but noteworthy change in prevalence of overall drinking and heavy drinking.