bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterodox economics bypassing market fundamentalism using SIFE
Authors: Schraner Ingrid , Mariyani‐Squire Edward 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper aims to present the implications of discussing the economic concepts relevant to student projects within the international program Students in Free Enterprise (SIFE) and to discuss them as a teaching strategy that provides a simple but effective way to break the hegemony of market fundamentalism.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proposes using opportunities provided by the SIFE program to start the teaching of economics from a novel perspective: start with whatever project the students propose to undertake and support the students in examining the relevant economic concepts, strictly following SIFE's own assessment criterion: “Considering the relevant economic, social and environmental factors, which SIFE team most effectively empowered people in need by applying business and economic concepts and an entrepreneurial approach to improve their quality of life and standard of living?”.FindingsAsking which economic concepts are relevant to a particular project that effectively empowers people in need sidesteps the discussion of restrictive assumptions presented as principles of economics. Asking this question facilitates the introduction of those elements of heterodox traditions that are relevant to the projects in question.Originality/valueThe paper investigates implications of a radical shift in perspective to one grounded in a project of interest to students and one focusing on economic concepts that are relevant to the project. This shift allows students and their teachers to break the hegemony of economic principles in so far as the reality of the students' project is already beyond these restrictive assumptions.
Mutualism and antagonism within organisations of integrated health care
Authors: Ahgren Bengt 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the concepts of Swedish integrated health care, their state of development and interdependence, and, furthermore, evaluate whether the theoretical framework used improves the comprehension of why integrated health care arrangements endure or cease.Design/methodology/approachThe study is founded on descriptive data gathered from a literature search on integrated health care in Sweden. With inspiration from ecology theory, these data were analysed guided by a theoretical model based on a continuum of symbiotic effects, from antagonism to mutualism.FindingsThe era of Swedish integrated health care started in the 1990s, when a kind of clinical network called chains of care was launched. At the beginning the chain of care development was predominantly surrounded by non‐integrative conditions, which had a restraining effect on these efforts. Even so, it seems that chains of care are here to stay. This faith in chains of care can to some extent be explained by the crucial role they have as connectors in the emerging local health care systems. Thus, these systems need chains of care to evolve and chains of care seem to require the integrative framework of local health care to progress and endure. Integrated health care performance could be troublesome, unless such mutualistic conditions are in place. States of commensalism may also be promoted, but the advantages are unilateral and therefore there is a risk of disloyalty by the unaffected part, which, in turn, can create a breeding‐ground for an antagonistic liaison.Originality/valueA theoretical approach founded on what may be called “Health Care System Ecology” appears to enhance the understanding of the complex logic of integrated health care.
HIV prevention for young women of Uganda must now address poverty and gender inequalities
Authors: Nicholas Rebecca 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis study seeks to explore the perspectives of young women in Uganda with the aim of better informing re HIV prevention.Design/methodology/approachGroup discussions and interviews were used to explore issues relating to HIV prevention. An inductive content analysis identified emerging themes and patterns in the participants' conversations.FindingsThe study revealed that, although young women were informed and motivated to prevent HIV, poverty and inequality were significant barriers, limiting their power to protect themselves.Originality/valueThe research adds evidence to the current argument that failure to address the disempowering effects of poverty and gender inequality limits the effectiveness of current HIV prevention for young women. HIV prevention must now address poverty and gender vulnerabilities, promoting a protective environment, rather than focusing on influencing individual sexual behaviour.
Life experiences and expectations of young women in Uganda
Authors: Lovell Natasha 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis study aims to explore the life experiences and expectations of young women of Busoga in Eastern Uganda.Design/methodology/approachUsing qualitative methods, a small group of young women drew, wrote stories and made videos together. The data which emerged from this exercise were analysed alongside the researcher's own observations.FindingsBasoga society's main expectation of young women is that they will work in the home. Yet, young women describe very different ideas of what they want from their lives; this includes a desire for access to a good educational experience, and different expectations for family life than cultural norms. They find, however, that there are many barriers to meeting those expectations.Originality/valueThe study is important because it acknowledges and forefronts Ugandan young women's life expectations. Typically, development focuses on “outsider” considerations rather than “insider” views and desires. The desires of the marginalised, such as young women in Africa, are a particularly neglected subject. There is a need for continued efforts to explore and include young women's experiences and expectations countering gender inequality and as part of ongoing gender empowerment and sexual health strategies.
Something‐for‐something love: the motivations of young women in Uganda
Authors: Samara Suesanne 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the motivations of young women in Busoga, Uganda, engaging in “Something‐for‐something” love (SFSL) relationships. Something‐for‐something love is defined as engaging in sex in exchange for money, favours, gifts and goods. This paper examines whether these relationships affect young women's ability to negotiate safe sex.Design/methodology/approachQualitative methods were used with a group of six young women including participatory video, drawing, stories and life histories. In addition, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with each participant and two key informants. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach.FindingsPeer pressure, financial gain, school fees, basic needs and family pressure were key motivations for SFSL. Power dynamics embedded in Ugandan local culture were found to play a significant role in SFSL and family pressure is suggested to assume a greater role than previously perceived. Transaction was considered to be part of what was expected within a “natural romantic relationship”. Condom use was less likely in relationships where a great amount of gifts were exchanged, as men were more likely to negotiate sex on their terms, and this often led to unprotected sex.Originality/valueThe study contributes much‐needed insight into motivations behind young women participating in SFSL. Young women involved in such relationships are portrayed along a spectrum ranging from vulnerable to empowered. The study emphasises the role parents and other kin play in influencing their children's sexual and reproductive health choices. The study highlights to policy makers that interventions aimed at improving parent‐child communication are needed; as well as a more informed approach to HIV prevention, taking onboard the complexities of SFSL.
Modernising medical regulation: where are we now?
Authors: Waring Justin , Dixon‐Woods Mary , Yeung Karen 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper aims to outline and comment on the changes to medical regulation in the UK that provide the background to a special issue of theJournal of Health Organization and Managementon regulating doctors.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes the form of a review.FindingsAlthough the UK medical profession enjoyed a remarkably stable regulatory structure for most of the first 150 years of its existence, it has undergone a striking transformation in the last decade. Its regulatory form has mutated from one of state‐sanctioned collegial self‐regulation to one of state‐directed bureaucratic regulation. The erosion of medical self‐regulation can be attributed to: the pressures of market liberalisation and new public management reforms; changing ideologies and public attitudes towards expertise and risk; and high profile public failures involving doctors. The “new” UK medical regulation converts the General Medical Council into a modern regulator charged with implementing policy, and alters the mechanisms for controlling and directing the conduct and performance of doctors. It establishes a new set of relationships between the medical profession and the state (including its agencies), the public, and patients.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the literature by identifying the main features of the reforms affecting the medical profession and offering an analysis of why they have taken place.
The role of individual diligence in improving safety
Authors: Corbett Angus , Travaglia Jo , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper aims to be a theoretical examination of the role of individuals in sponsoring and facilitating effective, systemic change in organisations. Using reports of a number of high‐profile initiatives to improve patient safety, it seeks to analyse the role of individual health care professionals in developing and facilitating new systems of care that improve safety and quality.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses recent work in sociology that is concerned with the phenomenon of “sociological citizenship”. The authors test whether successful initiators of change in health care can be described as sociological citizens. This notion of sociological citizens is applied to a number of highly successful initiatives to improve safety and quality to extrapolate the factors associated with individual clinician leadership, which may have affected the success of such endeavours.FindingsIn each of the examples analysed the initiators of change can be characterised as sociological citizens. In reviewing the roles of these charismatic individuals it is evident that they see the relational interdependence between the individuals and organisations and that they use this information to achieve both professional and organisational objectives.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper uses a case study method to investigate the usefulness of the role of sociological citizenship in interventions that aim to improve patient safety. The paper reviews the key concepts and uses of the concept of sociological citizenship to produce a framework against which the case studies were assessed.Practical implicationsThe authors suggest that a goal of policy for improving patient safety should be directed to the problem of how hospitals and health care organisations can create the conditions for encouraging the individual diligence and care that is needed to support reliable, safe health care practices.Social implicationsImproving the safety and quality of health care is an important public health initiative. It has also proven to be difficult to achieve sustained reductions in the harm caused by the occurrence of adverse events in health care. The process of linking individual diligence with service outcomes may help to overcome one of the enduring struggles of health care systems around the world: the policy‐practice divide.Originality/valueThe paper directs attention towards the role of sociological citizenship in health care systems and organisations.
Inconsistency in health care professional work
Authors: Bishop Simon , Waring Justin 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of recent outsourcing and public‐private partnership (PPPs) arrangements on the consistency of professional employment in health care.Design/methodology/approachA case study methodology is applied.FindingsThe paper finds that multiple arrangements for employment within the ISTC creates numerous sources for inconsistency in employment: across the workplace, within professional groups and with national frameworks for health care employment. These are identified as having implications for organisational outcomes, threatening the stability of current partnerships, and partially stymieing intended behavioural change.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is a single case study of an independent sector treatment centre. Future research is required to investigate wider trends of employment in heterogeneous outsourcing and PPP arrangements.Practical implicationsThe paper informs both managers and clinical professionals of the unanticipated complexities and practical challenges that can arise in partnerships and outsourcing arrangements.Originality/valueThe paper presents a unique in‐depth investigation of employment within recently established ISTCs, and highlights important employment changes for the core health care workforce and high‐status professionals in the evolving health care organisational landscape.
Management of organisational changes in a case of de‐institutionalisation
Authors: Parlalis Stavros K. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore the development of a discharge programme in one learning disability hospital in Scotland. The study aims to concentrate on organisational developmental changes in that institution. The model of the management during the discharge programme was investigated. The aim of the study is to explore how the discharge programme developed, as seen under the lens of organisational change, in order to find out what kind of model of management is more suitable in similar programmes.Design/methodology/approachA case study was employed. Data were collected by means of interviews. The interviews followed a structured format. The sample of the study had to be a purposive sample and the method of snowball sampling was used; finally, 28 interviews were conducted. A grounded approach was adopted for the data analysis. The software program QSR “NUD*IST” (version “N6”) was used as a technical tool, in order to facilitate the data analysis.FindingsThe findings of this study show that various management models were adopted in the four phases of the discharge programme. These different models represent a “quest” by the institution's management regarding the most appropriate model for managing the discharge programme. This study shows that this goes on continuously in organisations under transition until they settle down to a more permanent state.Originality/valueIt was concluded that management models, which are composed of characteristics from the organic theory of organisational management, could apply in discharge programmes. The data gathered enabled the researcher to arrive at a model of management which is suitable for managing organisational changes in discharge programmes, the named “stakeholder management model”.
Barriers to implementing health sector administrative decentralisation in Ghana
Authors: Kojo Sakyi E. , Koku Awoonor‐Williams J. , Adzei Francis A. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper aims to examine empirically the ways in which workforce knowledge and organisational factors of an implementing agency affected the implementation of health sector administration decentralisation in Ghana with insights from the Nkwanta district health administration.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative study using data from individual and group interviews through purposive selection of health officials, who were directly involved in the work of actual implementation of the programme. Specifically, participants included senior management, middle management and junior workers, who had worked at least for the past three months in the district.FindingsThe study found that most of the interviewees involved in the implementation process are knowledgeable of the objectives of the decentralisation process. Also, major factors that are militating against effective decentralisation in the district include inadequate funds, lack of qualified personnel, inadequate logistics and equipment, poor interpersonal relationships, lack of transparency and a good operational system, lack of incentives to motivate the staff, political interference, poor infrastructure and high rate of illiteracy.Originality/valueThe findings of this study will help improve the implementation of decentralisation within the health sector in Ghana. The paper provides recommendations, which, if considered for implementation, will help improve the decentralisation process.
Surviving multiple obligations through stimulation, autonomy, and variation
Authors: Bergin Elsmari , Savage Carl 
Published: November 2014

PurposeProfessionals in academic health centers (AMCs) face multiple obligations, such as those from research, teaching and clinical care. The purpose of this study is to explore and develop an understanding about how well findings generated from two previous studies about the influence of multiple obligations on health care personnel fit those within health care associated with academic institutions.Design/methodology/approachA total of 11 professionals engaged in teaching, research, and clinical work were interviewed. Data from the open‐ended interactive interviews were transcribed and compared with findings from the two previous studies, using modified analytic induction.FindingsWork at an AMC can entail balancing three tasks: research, education, and clinical care. These tasks as well as the different employers associated with them can be a source of conflict. For a group of committed professionals, these conflicts were accepted and balanced as long as they experienced stimulus, autonomy, and variation.Research limitations/implicationsModified analytic induction, an uncommon analysis method, is useful for comparing findings from previous studies in another context and with different subjects.Practical implicationsStimulation, autonomy, and variation could play a vital role as driving factors in coping and dealing with the unavoidable presence of multiple obligations in today's health care systems.Originality/valueAlthough AMCs combine clinical care, research, and teaching, the intersection of all three has in contrast not been investigated so thoroughly at the individual level.
Project delivery in HIV/AIDS and TB in Southern Africa
Authors: Claeyé Frederik , Jackson Terence 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report the findings of a broad‐based study that initially investigated a possible gap in global inputs into the fight against HIV/AIDS and TB co‐infection, and outputs in terms of results achieved. It is proposed that such a gap may be hypothesized to be due, at least in part, to inappropriate management regimes within the global health governance structure. The research does not simply question the effectiveness of the management of programs and projects, but rather the inappropriateness resulting from the lack of addressing cross‐cultural issues.Design/methodology/approachThe factors facilitating or hampering project service delivery were examined, by looking at 12 case studies in Botswana and South Africa. These data were complemented with seven semi‐structured interviews with donor organizations and NGOs, conducted in the North. Cultural interactions were investigated by using the concept of “interfaces”.FindingsThe results suggest that there is a disjuncture between the global and local level that affects project delivery. The main issues hampering project outcomes can be summarized as systemic, structural and cultural.Originality/valueThe article's main contributions are both theoretical, looking at global project delivery from a cross‐cultural management perspective, as well as to development praxis by highlighting the need to focus more critically on cross‐cultural management issues within the global health governance structure, and indeed within international development as a whole.
Health care policies and resisting consumers in a prototypical welfare state
Authors: Lykke Hindhede Anette 
Published: November 2014

PurposeIt has been argued by researchers from the Anglo‐Saxon nations that the rationality of the market has increasingly infiltrated the medical field. This paper seeks to enquire via policy analysis to what extent these principles have affected the prototypical welfare state of Denmark in relation to Danish hearing health policies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on qualitative methods comprising observations and interviews in two hearing clinics.FindingsThe paper shows that rather than a “withdrawal” of the state there has been a process of reform. The data suggest that a distinguishing mark of the consumer role on offer in Denmark is that, along with a free hearing aid, the Danish health consumer enjoys a range of rights and reciprocal responsibilities. The paper concludes that few of the hearing‐impaired patients were able to embrace the consumer ethos, and those who chose not to wear their prescribed hearing aids experienced the added burden of moral reproach.Originality/valueIt makes little sense to analyse abstracted rationalities without proceeding to analyse how they actually function in practice. This paper demonstrates empirically how and to what degree governmentality is embedded in social practice in two public hearing clinics in Denmark.
Optimizing the weld pool geometry in laser welding of AISI 904 L super austenitic stainless steel using multi‐input/multi‐output grey relational analysis
Authors: Sathiya P. , Abdul Jaleel M.Y. , Katherasan D. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis study aims to determine the near optimal welding process parameters (beam power (BP), travel speed (TS) and focal position (FP)) using grey relational analysis by simultaneously considering multiple output parameters (depth of penetration and bead width). Further, the optimized parameters were evaluated through the microstructural characterization and hardness measurements across the weld zone.Design/methodology/approachIt is appropriate to apply Taguchi's technique to a complex system like welding process. Therefore, this study is made to determine the near optimal welding process parameters (BP, TS and FP) using grey relational analysis by simultaneously considering multiple output parameters (depth of penetration and bead width).FindingsTaguchi experimental design for determining welding parameters was successful. The hardness of the Argon shielded weld metal was comparatively lesser than the Helium shielded weld metal. The Helium shielded weld metal microstructure comprises of finer grains and higher amounts of equiaxed grains. Argon and Helium shielded weld metal microstructure was endowed with a higher amount of secondary interdendritic austenite phase.Originality/valueThe optimal welding conditions were identified in order to increase the productivity and minimize the total operating cost. The process input parameters effect was determined under the optimal welding combinations.