bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Educational Environment of Undergraduate Medical Education in Bangladesh
Authors: Waheed Md Imran , Akter Manowara 
Published: July 2024

Since the educational environment influences the academic outcomes of students, it is necessary to periodically measure it. This evaluation is based primarily on students' perceptions of the educational environment. The study aimed at measuring the educational environment of undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh, identifying problem areas, and suggesting ways for improvement. The DREEM inventory was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 255 medical undergraduates in different phases of their studies. The study revealed that the environment was 'more on the positive side' (score 108 out of 200). The mean score in the 'Students' Social Self-perception' subscale was 14, interpreted as 'not a nice place'. No significant difference was observed between perceptions of male and female undergraduates in different subscales. The study revealed that the fourth-year students perceived the atmosphere as worse than in other years. Out of the 50 total items, one had a mean score above 3, 36 had a mean score of 2-3, and 11 had a mean score of less than 2. Problematic areas have been identified and suggested remedies have been provided. The study has provided a comprehensive overview of undergraduate medical education's educational environment in Bangladesh and highlighted the areas requiring improvement.
BJME, Volume-15, Issue-02, July 2024: 60-70
PARTISIPASI PEMUDA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN GAMPONG GENUREN KECAMATAN BINTANG, KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH
Authors: Mikasih Yara , Fitrianti Fitrianti , Juaris Juaris 
Published: July 2024

Peran pemuda sangatlah penting dalam pembangunan desa, namun pada kenyataannya di lapangan peran pemuda tidak sesuai seperti yang diharapkan, banyak pemuda yang tidak peduli terhadap perkembangan dan pembangunan daerahnya karena terlalu sibuk dengan aktifitas masing-masing sehingga membuat tingkat partisipasi pemuda dalam pembangunan desa sangatlah minim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana partisipasi pemuda dalam pembangunan Gampong Genuren dan kendalanya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan interaktif. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mengadopsi Teknik analisis interaktif dari Miles dan Huberman yaitu penyajian data, reduksi data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat partisipasi pemuda dalam pembangunan di Gampong Genuren masih sangat rendah. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh pemuda Gampong Genuren terhadap pembangunan desa disebabkan kurangnya komunikasi antara aparatur gampong dengan pihak pemuda dalam Musrenbang dan pelaksanaan kegiatan pembangunan di Gampong Genuren serta terdapat kendala waktu dari pihak pemuda sehingga mengakibatkan minimnya partisipasi pemuda terhadap pembangunan Gampong Genuren.
Amino Acid Profile of Polymeric Formula Based on Local Food for Stunting Prevention
Authors: Hendrayati Hendrayati , Adam Adriyani , Fauziah Fauziah 
Published: July 2024

Adequacy energy and protein has a very strong potential to prevent stunting in children. The role of protein in preventing stunting can be focused more on the amino acid content of a food. Metabolomic research has proven that children who are stunted have lower serum concentrations of nine essential amino acids (tryptophan, isoleucine, leucine, valine, methionine, threonine, histidine, phenylalanine, lysine) compared to children who are not stunted ( p < 0.01). In addition, children who are stunted have low serum concentrations of conditionally essential amino acids (arginine, glycine, glutamine), non-essential amino acids (asparagine, glutamate, serine).This research was to ingredients the amino acid content (glutamic acid, phenylalanine, isoleucine, alanine, arginine, lysine, leucine, threonine, cystine, histidine) in polymeric formulas developed from local food. This research uses an experimental design in the laboratory with a Randomized Complete Factorial (RCF) with four factors, namely F1, F2, F3 and F4. The difference between the formulations of these four formulas is the addition of full cream milk (0%, 10%, 20% and 30% ) Analysis of the amino acid content was carried out at the SIG Laboratory Bogor. Results showed that the types of essential amino acids were complete and had a good quality amino acid score (SAA=100%). The limiting amino acid is the amino acid lysine. The digestible amino acid score in each formula is; F1 (65.72%), F2 (73.43%), F3 (81.53%), and F4 (85.25%).The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that there were differences in amino acid content in the four formulas (P>0.05). Follow-up tests used the Tukey test to determine pairwise differences between groups and all groups, showing constant results. This shows that the treatment given, namely the addition of full cream milk, had a significant effect on the differences in amino acid content in the four formulas. Conclusion: The polymeric formula developed contains complete and good quality amino acids.
The Influence of Non-Physical Special Allocation Funds in the Health Sector in Improving the Implementation Calibration of Medical Devices Public Health Centers in Indonesia
Authors: Damayanti Wulan Sri , Bashabih Masyitoh 
Published: July 2024

The quality of health services at the health center is greatly influenced by health equipment. Efforts to maintain health equipment so that it functions properly and is suitable for use include carrying out maintenance including calibration of medical devices. In 2022, the calibration achievement of health centers is still very low compared to the achievement of hospital calibration (health centers 34.1% and hospitals 70.2%). One of the factors causing the low calibration implementation is the lack of budget availability. In 2023, the government provided budget support for health center calibration through the Health Sector Nonphysical Special Allocation Fund. This study aims to determine the achievement of the implementation of medical device calibration at health centers in Indonesia in 2022 and 2023 and the effect of the Nonphysical Special Allocation Fund for the health sector in 2023 on improving the implementation of calibration at health centers. This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. Data collection used secondary data with a total sampling of 10,374 health centers. Data analysis techniques were carried out univariate and bivariate using SPSS. Univariate analysis showed an increase in the proportion of health centers that calibrated medical devices by 22.6% from 34.1% in 2022 to 56.7% in 2023. Similarly, the proportion of calibrated medical devices increased by 3.5% from 6.6% in 2022 to 11.6% in 2023. Bivariate analysis using the T-test obtained a p-value = 0.008 and the Chi-Square test obtained a p-value = 0.002, indicating an association between the Nonphysical Special Allocation Fund for the Health Sector and the increase in the calibration achievement of puskesmas in 2023.
Future skills for Industry 4.0 integration and innovative learning for continuing engineering education
Authors: Azofeifa Jose Daniel , Rueda-Castro Valentina , Camacho-Zuñiga Claudia , Chans Guillermo M. , Membrillo-Hernández Jorge , Caratozzolo Patricia 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThis research explores leveraging Industry 4.0 technologies and best practices to address the challenges faced by Continuing Engineering Education (CEE) in Higher Education, ensuring its sustainability and relevance. CEE is essential for engineers' continuous professional growth and adaptability, especially in an era marked by swift technological progress and changing job requirements. CEE must adapt to rapid technological advancements and evolving workforce demands. Nevertheless, traditional pedagogical methods often lag behind the needs of modern engineering professionals.MethodsThrough a case study, this study aims to show how skills visualization allows the creation of comparisons between professional scenarios to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of CEE programs. To achieve this goal, we utilized a platform based on the KSA taxonomy, which enables the visualization of skills and supports creating personalized and adaptive learning.ResultsOur results demonstrate the transformative potential of integrating new technologies and learning approaches in CEE programs. By leveraging Industry 4.0 technologies, developing personalized learning experiences, and embracing Education 4.0 principles, CEE programs can empower the workforce of the future to thrive in an increasingly complex and dynamic landscape.DiscussionsThis study underscores the significance of Education 4.0 principles in shaping the future of CEE programs, emphasizing the crucial role of innovative learning approaches and technological integration in empowering the future engineering workforce in the Industry 4.0 era.
Skeletal dysmorphology and mineralization defects in Fgf20 KO mice
Authors: Dlugosova Sylvie , Spoutil Frantisek , Madureira Trufen Carlos Eduardo , Melike Ogan Betul , Prochazkova Michaela , Fedosieieva Olha , Nickl Petr , Aranaz Novaliches Goretti , Sedlacek Radislav , Prochazka Jan 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionFibroblast growth factor 20 (Fgf20), a member of the Fgf9 subfamily, was identified as an important regulator of bone differentiation and homeostasis processes. However, the role of Fgf20 in bone physiology has not been approached yet. Here we present a comprehensive bone phenotype analysis of mice with functional ablation of Fgf20.MethodsThe study conducts an extensive analysis of Fgf20 knockout mice compared to controls, incorporating microCT scanning, volumetric analysis, Fgf9 subfamily expression and stimulation experiment and histological evaluation.ResultsThe bone phenotype could be detected especially in the area of​ the lumbar and caudal part of the spine and in fingers. Regarding the spine, Fgf20-/- mice exhibited adhesions of the transverse process of the sixth lumbar vertebra to the pelvis as well as malformations in the distal part of their tails. Preaxial polydactyly and polysyndactyly in varying degrees of severity were also detected. High resolution microCT analysis of distal femurs and the fourth lumbar vertebra showed significant differences in structure and mineralization in both cortical and trabecular bone. These findings were histologically validated and may be associated with the expression of Fgf20 in chondrocytes and their progenitors. Moreover, histological sections demonstrated increased bone tissue formation, disruption of Fgf20-/- femur cartilage, and cellular-level alterations, particularly in osteoclasts. We also observed molar dysmorphology, including root taurodontism, and described variations in mineralization and dentin thickness.DiscussionOur analysis provides evidence that Fgf20, together with other members of the Fgf9 subfamily, plays a crucial regulatory role in skeletal development and bone homeostasis.
Translating thyroid hormone into clinical practice: lessons learned from the post-hoc analysis on data available from the ThyRepair study
Authors: Pantos Constantinos I. , Grigoriou Konstantinos P. , Trikas Athanasios G. , Alexopoulos Nikolaos A. , Mourouzis Iordanis S. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThyroid hormone (TH) appears to have a reparative action on the postinfarcted myocardium. This novel action was recently tested in a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (ThyRepair). The present study performed a post-hoc analysis of data from the ThyRepair study to provide further insights into the novel actions of TH on the human postischemic myocardium.MethodsData from 41 patients participating in the ThyRepair study (n = 20 placebo and n = 21 LT3) were included in the analysis. LT3 treatment started after stenting and continued intravenously for 48 h. All patients had cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at hospital discharge; left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF%), LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVi; mL/m2), LV end-systolic volume index (LVESVi; mL/m2), infarct volume (IV), left ventricular mass index (LVMi) as edema index, and microvascular obstruction (MVO) were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the median value of the IV: patients with IV ≤ 20% of the LV (group A) and patients with IV &gt; 20% (group B). CMR measurements at discharge are expressed as mean ± SD.ResultsIn group A, the placebo and T3-treated groups had similar LVEF% (56.8 ± 10.2 vs. 52.2 ± 10.5), LVEDVi (90.9 ± 19.8 vs. 92.8 ± 14.5), and LVESVi (40.8 ± 18.2 vs. 44.9 ± 14.1) at discharge. In group B, LVEDVi and LVESVi were 112 ± 23.8 and 68.3 ± 21.5 for placebo vs. 91.8 ± 18.6 and 49.0 ± 14.0 for the T3-treated group, respectively, p &lt; 0.05. LVEF% was significantly increased in the T3-treated group vs. placebo, 47.3 ± 6.5 vs. 39.9 ± 8.7, p &lt; 0.05. In group B, CMR LVMi was lower in T3-treated patients vs. placebo but did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.1). MVO was 1.95 ± 2.2 in placebo vs. 0.84 ± 0.9 in the LT3-treated group, p = 0.15.ConclusionThe present study suggests that acute LT3 treatment may exert more favorable effects on the recovery of cardiac function in patients with large infarct size. Furthermore, it signals a potential effect of LT3 on myocardial edema and microvascular obstruction. These novel findings merit further investigation in large trials.
Identification and experimental validation of programmed cell death- and mitochondria-associated biomarkers in osteoporosis and immune microenvironment
Authors: Yang Xiu , Zhang Zheng-Chao , Lu Yun-Nan , Chen Han-Lin , Wang Hong-Shen , Lin Tao , Chen Qing-Quan , Chen Jin-Shui , He Wu-Bing 
Published: July 2024

Background: Prior research has demonstrated that programmed cell death (PCD) and mitochondria assume pivotal roles in controlling cellular metabolism and maintaining bone cell equilibrium. Nonetheless, the comprehensive elucidation of their mode of operation in osteoporosis (OP) warrants further investigation. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the role of genes associated with PCD (PCD-RGs) and mitochondria (mortality factor-related genes; MRGs) in OP.Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by subjecting the GSE56815 dataset obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to differential expression analysis and comparing OP patients with healthy individuals. The genes of interest were ascertained through the intersection of DEGs, MRGs, and PCD-RGs; these genes were filtered using machine learning methodologies to discover potential biomarkers. The prospective biomarkers displaying uniform patterns and statistically meaningful variances were identified by evaluating their levels in the GSE56815 dataset and conducting quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction-based assessments. Moreover, the functional mechanisms of these biomarkers were further delineated by constructing a nomogram, which conducted gene set enrichment analysis, explored immune infiltration, generated regulatory networks, predicted drug responses, and performed molecular docking analyses.Results: Eighteen candidate genes were documented contingent upon the intersection between 2,354 DEGs, 1,136 MRGs, and 1,548 PCD-RGs. The biomarkers DAP3, BIK, and ACAA2 were upregulated in OP and were linked to oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, the predictive ability of the nomogram designed based on the OP biomarkers exhibited a certain degree of accuracy. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between CD56dim natural killer cells and ACAA2 and a significant negative correlation between central memory CD4+ T cells and DAP3. DAP3, BIK, and ACAA2 were regulated by multiple factors; specifically, SETDB1 and ZNF281 modulated ACAA2 and DAP3, whereas TP63 and TFAP2C governed DAP3 and BIK. Additionally, a stable binding force was observed between the drugs (estradiol, valproic acid, and CGP52608) and the biomarkers.Conclusion: This investigation evidenced that the biomarkers DAP3, BIK, and ACAA2 are associated with PCD and mitochondria in OP, potentially facilitate the diagnosis of OP in clinical settings.
Genome-wide identification of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. MAPK gene family and expression analysis under salt stress relieved by Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Gao Pengchao , Xiao Jiancai , Guo Wanying , Fan Rui , Zhang Yan , Nan Tiegui 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Research on Glycyrrhiza uralensis, a nonhalophyte that thrives in saline–alkaline soil and a traditional Chinese medicinal component, is focused on improving its ability to tolerate salt stress to increase its productivity and preserve its “Dao-di” characteristics. Furthermore, the inoculation of bioagents such as Bacillus subtilis to increase plant responses to abiotic stressors is currently a mainstream strategy. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), a highly conserved protein kinase, plays a significant role in plant responses to various abiotic stress pathways.Methods: This investigation involved the identification of 21 members of the GuMAPK family from the genome of G. uralensis, with an analysis of their protein conserved domains, gene structures, evolutionary relationships, and phosphorylation sites using bioinformatics tools.Results: Systematic evolutionary analysis of the 21 GuMAPKs classified them into four distinct subgroups, revealing significant differences in gene structure and exon numbers. Collinearity analysis highlighted the crucial role of segmental duplication in expanding the GuMAPK gene family, which is particularly evident in G. uralensis and shows a close phylogenetic relationship with Arabidopsis thaliana, tomato, and cucumber. Additionally, the identification of phosphorylation sites suggests a strong correlation between GuMAPK and various physiological processes, including hormonal responses, stress resistance, and growth and development. Protein interaction analysis further supported the role of GuMAPK proteins in regulating essential downstream genes. Through examination of transcriptome expression patterns, GuMAPK16-2 emerged as a prospective pivotal regulatory factor in the context of salt stress and B. subtilis inoculation, a finding supported by its subcellular localization within the nucleus.Discussion: These discoveries offer compelling evidence for the involvement of GuMAPK in the salt stress response and for the exploration of the mechanisms underlying B. subtilis’ enhancement of salt tolerance in G. uralensis.
Immune dysregulation is an important factor in the underlying complications in Influenza infection. ApoH, IL-8 and IL-15 as markers of prognosis
Authors: Garcinuño Sara , Lalueza Antonio , Gil-Etayo Francisco Javier , Díaz-Simón Raquel , Lizasoain Ignacio , Moraga Ana , Diaz-Benito Blanca , Naranjo Laura , Cabrera-Marante Oscar , Pleguezuelo Daniel Enrique , Ruiz-Ruigomez Maria , Ayuso Blanca , Arrieta Estibaliz , Folgueira Dolores , Paz-Artal Estela , Cueto Cecilia , Lumbreras Carlos , Serrano Antonio , Serrano Manuel 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionInfluenza virus infection can cause a range of clinical symptoms, including respiratory failure (RF) and even death. The mechanisms responsible for the most severe forms of the disease are not yet well understood. The objective is to assess the initial immune response upon admission and its potential impact on infection progression.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational study of patients with influenza virus infection who required admission to a tertiary hospital in the 2017/18 and 2018/19 flu seasons. Immune markers, surrogate markers of neutrophil activation, and blood levels of DNase I and Apolipoprotein-H (ApoH) were determined in the first serum sample available during hospital care. Patients were followed until hospital discharge or death. Initially, 792 patients were included. From this group, 107 patients with poor evolution were selected, and a random control group was matched by day of admission.ResultsPatients with poor outcomes had significantly reduced ApoH levels, a soluble protein that regulate both complement and coagulation pathways. In multivariate analysis, low plasma levels of ApoH (OR:5.43; 2.21-13.4), high levels of C- reactive protein (OR:2.73: 1.28-5.4), hyperferritinemia (OR:2.83; 1.28-5.4) and smoking (OR:3.41; 1.04-11.16), were significantly associated with a worse prognosis. RF was independently associated with low levels of ApoH (OR: 5.12; 2.02-1.94), while high levels of IL15 behaved as a protective factor (OR:0.30; 0.12-0.71).DiscussionTherefore, in hospitalized influenza patients, a dysregulated early immune response is associated with a worse outcome. Adequate plasma levels of ApoH are protective against severe influenza and RF and High levels of IL15 protect against RF.
Prediction of TERT mutation status in gliomas using conventional MRI radiogenomic features
Authors: Tang Chuyun , Chen Ling , Xu Yifan , Huang Lixuan , Zeng Zisan 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTelomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation status in gliomas is a key determinant of treatment strategy and prognosis. This study aimed to analyze the radiogenomic features and construct radiogenomic models utilizing medical imaging techniques to predict the TERT promoter mutation status in gliomas.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 304 patients with gliomas. T1-weighted contrast-enhanced, apparent diffusion coefficient, and diffusion-weighted imaging MRI sequences were used for radiomic feature extraction. A total of 3,948 features were extracted from MRI images using the FAE software. These included 14 shape features, 18 histogram features, 24 gray level run length matrix, 14 gray level dependence matrix, 16 gray level run length matrix, 16 gray level size zone matrix (GLSZM), 5 neighboring gray tone difference matrix, and 744 wavelet transforms. The dataset was randomly divided into training and testing sets in a ratio of 7:3. Three feature selection methods and six classification algorithms were used to model the selected features. Predictive performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsAmong the evaluated classification algorithms, the combination model of recursive feature elimination (RFE) with linear regression (LR) using six features showed the best diagnostic performance (area under the curve: 0.733, 0.562, and 0.633 in the training, validation, and testing sets, respectively). The next best-performing models were naive Bayes, linear discriminant analysis, autoencoder, and support vector machine. Regarding the three feature selection algorithms, RFE showed the most consistent performance, followed by relief and ANOVA. T1-enhanced entropy and GLSZM derived from T1-enhanced images were identified as the most critical radiomics features for distinguishing TERT promoter mutation status.ConclusionThe LR and LRLasso models, mainly based on T1-enhanced entropy and GLSZM, showed good predictive ability for TERT promoter mutations in gliomas using radiomics models.