bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levitation forces of a bulk YBCO superconductor in gradient varying magnetic fields
Authors: Jiang J. , Gong Y. M. , Wang G. , Zhou D. J. , Zhao L. F. , Zhang Y. , Zhao Y. 
Published: September 2015

The levitation forces of a bulk YBCO superconductor in gradient varying high and low magnetic fields generated from a superconducting magnet were investigated. The magnetic field intensity of the superconducting magnet was measured when the exciting current was 90 A. The magnetic field gradient and magnetic force field were both calculated. The YBCO bulk was cooled by liquid nitrogen in field-cooling (FC) and zero-field-cooling (ZFC) condition. The results showed that the levitation forces increased with increasing the magnetic field intensity. Moreover, the levitation forces were more dependent on magnetic field gradient and magnetic force field than magnetic field intensity.
The Stress Kinase p38α as a Target for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Igea Ana , Nebreda Angel R. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
p38α is a ubiquitous protein kinase strongly activated by stress signals, inflammatory cytokines, and many other stimuli, which has been implicated in the modulation of multiple cellular processes. There is good evidence in the literature that p38α plays an important tumor-suppressor role by interfering with malignant cell transformation. This is mainly based on the ability of the p38α pathway to regulate tissue homeostasis by integrating signals that balance cell proliferation and differentiation or induce apoptosis. However, recent reports have also illustrated protumorigenic functions for p38α. Thus, p38α signaling may facilitate the survival and proliferation of tumor cells contributing to the progression of some tumor types. In addition, p38α activation helps tumor cells to survive chemotherapeutic treatments. In all these cases, the inhibition of p38α has a potential therapeutic interest. Further elucidation of the context-dependent functions of p38α signaling in tumoral processes is of obvious importance for the use of inhibitors of this pathway in cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 75(19); 3997–4002. ©2015 AACR.
A Newly Identified Susceptibility Locus nearFOXP1Modifies the Association of Gastroesophageal Reflux with Barrett's Esophagus
Authors: Dai James Y. , de Dieu Tapsoba Jean , Buas Matthew F. , Onstad Lynn E. , Levine David M. , Risch Harvey A. , Chow Wong-Ho , Bernstein Leslie , Ye Weimin , Lagergren Jesper , Bird Nigel C. , Corley Douglas A. , Shaheen Nicholas J. , Wu Anna H. , Reid Brian J. , Hardie Laura J. , Whiteman David C. , Vaughan Thomas L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground: Important risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma and its precursor, Barrett's esophagus, include gastroesophageal reflux disease, obesity, and cigarette smoking. Recently, genome-wide association studies have identified seven germline single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) that are associated with risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Whether these genetic susceptibility loci modify previously identified exposure–disease associations is unclear.Methods: We analyzed exposure and genotype data from the BEACON Consortium discovery phase GWAS, which included 1,516 esophageal adenocarcinoma case patients, 2,416 Barrett's esophagus case patients, and 2,187 control participants. We examined the seven newly identified susceptibility SNPs for interactions with body mass index, smoking status, and report of weekly heartburn or reflux. Logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs for these risk factors stratified by SNP genotype, separately for Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.Results: The odds ratio for Barrett's esophagus associated with at least weekly heartburn or reflux varied significantly with the presence of at least one minor allele of rs2687201 (nominal P = 0.0005, FDR = 0.042). ORs (95% CIs) for weekly heartburn or reflux among participants with 0, 1, or 2 minor alleles of rs2687201 were 6.17 (4.91–7.56), 3.56 (2.85–4.44), and 3.97 (2.47–6.37), respectively. No statistically significant interactions were observed for smoking status and body mass index.Conclusion: Reflux symptoms are more strongly associated with Barrett's esophagus risk among persons homozygous for the major allele of rs2687201, which lies approximately 75 kb downstream of the transcription factor gene FOXP1.Impact: The novel gene–exposure interaction discovered in this study provides new insights into the etiology of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(11); 1739–47. ©2015 AACR.
A Randomized Phase II Crossover Study of Imatinib or Rituximab for Cutaneous Sclerosis after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Arai Sally , Pidala Joseph , Pusic Iskra , Chai Xiaoyu , Jaglowski Samantha , Khera Nandita , Palmer Jeanne , Chen George L. , Jagasia Madan H. , Mayer Sebastian A. , Wood William A. , Green Michael , Hyun Teresa S. , Inamoto Yoshihiro , Storer Barry E. , Miklos David B. , Shulman Howard M. , Martin Paul J. , Sarantopoulos Stefanie , Lee Stephanie J. , Flowers Mary E.D. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Cutaneous sclerosis occurs in 20% of patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and can compromise mobility and quality of life.
Experimental design: We conducted a prospective, multicenter, randomized, two-arm phase II crossover trial of imatinib (200 mg daily) or rituximab (375 mg/m2 i.v. weekly × 4 doses, repeatable after 3 months) for treatment of cutaneous sclerosis diagnosed within 18 months (NCT01309997). The primary endpoint was significant clinical response (SCR) at 6 months, defined as quantitative improvement in skin sclerosis or joint range of motion. Treatment success was defined as SCR at 6 months without crossover, recurrent malignancy or death. Secondary endpoints included changes of B-cell profiles in blood (BAFF levels and cellular subsets), patient-reported outcomes, and histopathology between responders and nonresponders with each therapy.
Results: SCR was observed in 9 of 35 [26%; 95% confidence interval (CI); 13%–43%] participants randomized to imatinib and 10 of 37 (27%; 95% CI, 14%–44%) randomized to rituximab. Six (17%; 95% CI, 7%–34%) patients in the imatinib arm and 5 (14%; 95% CI, 5%–29%) in the rituximab arm had treatment success. Higher percentages of activated B cells (CD27+) were seen at enrollment in rituximab-treated patients who had treatment success (P = 0.01), but not in imatinib-treated patients.
Conclusions: These results support the need for more effective therapies for cutaneous sclerosis and suggest that activated B cells define a subgroup of patients with cutaneous sclerosis who are more likely to respond to rituximab. Clin Cancer Res; 22(2); 319–27. ©2015 AACR.
Acute Tumor Lactate Perturbations as a Biomarker of Genotoxic Stress: Development of a Biochemical Model
Authors: Sandulache Vlad C. , Chen Yunyun , Skinner Heath D. , Lu Tongtong , Feng Lei , Court Laurence E. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Meyn Raymond E. , Fuller Clifton D. , Bankson James A. , Lai Stephen Y. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIonizing radiation is the primary nonsurgical treatment modality for solid tumors. Its effectiveness is impacted by temporal constraints such as fractionation, hypoxia, and development of radioresistant clones. Biomarkers of acute radiation response are essential to developing more effective clinical algorithms. We hypothesized that acute perturbations in tumor lactate levels act as a surrogate marker of radiation response. In vitro experiments were carried out using validated human-derived cell lines from three histologies: anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Cellular metabolic activity was measured using standard biochemical assays. In vivo validation was performed using both an orthotopic and a flank derivative of a previously established ATC xenograft murine model. Irradiation of cells and tumors triggered a rapid, dose-dependent, transient decrease in lactate levels that was reversed by free radical scavengers. Acute lactate perturbations following irradiation could identify hypoxic conditions and correlated with hypoxia-induced radioresistance. Mutant TP53 cells and cells in which p53 activity was abrogated (shRNA) demonstrated a blunted lactate response to irradiation, consistent with a radioresistant phenotype. Lactate measurements therefore rapidly detected both induced (i.e., hypoxia) and intrinsic (i.e., mutTP53-driven) radioresistance. We conclude that lactate is a quantitative biomarker of acute genotoxic stress, with a temporal resolution that can inform clinical decision making. Combined with the spatial resolution of newly developed metabolic imaging platforms, this biomarker could lead to the development of truly individualized treatment strategies. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(12); 2901–8. ©2015 AACR.
FOXO3a and Posttranslational Modifications Mediate Glucocorticoid Sensitivity in B-ALL
Authors: Consolaro Francesca , Ghaem-Maghami Sadaf , Bortolozzi Roberta , Zona Stefania , Khongkow Mattaka , Basso Giuseppe , Viola Giampietro , Lam Eric W.-F. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widely used to treat B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL); however, the molecular mechanism underlying glucocorticoid response and resistance is unclear. In this study, the role and regulation of FOXO3a in mediating the dexamethasone response in B-ALL were investigated. The results show that FOXO3a mediates the cytotoxic function of dexamethasone. In response to dexamethasone, it was found that FOXO3a translocates into the nucleus, where it induces the expression of downstream targets, including p27Kip1 and Bim, important for proliferative arrest and cell death in the sensitive RS4;11 and SUP-B15 B-ALL cells. FOXO3a activation by dexamethasone is mediated partially through the suppression of the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade. Furthermore, two posttranslational modifications were uncovered, phosphorylation on Ser-7 and acetylation on Lys-242/5, that associated with FOXO3a activation by dexamethasone. Immunoblot analysis showed that the phosphorylation on Ser-7 of FOXO3a is associated with p38/JNK activation, whereas the acetylation on Lys-242/5 is correlated with the downregulation of SIRT1/2/6 and the induction of the acetyltransferase CBP/p300. Collectively, these results indicate that FOXO3a is essential for dexamethasone response in B-ALL cells, and its nuclear translocation and activation is associated with its phosphorylation on Ser-7 and acetylation on Lys-242/245. These posttranslational events can be exploited as biomarkers for B-ALL diagnosis and as drug targets for B-ALL treatment, particularly for overcoming the glucocorticoid resistance.
Implications: FOXO3a and its posttranslational regulation are essential for dexamethasone response, and targeting FOXO3a and sirtuins may enhance the dexamethasone-induced cytotoxicity in B-ALL cells. Mol Cancer Res; 13(12); 1578–90. ©2015 AACR.
On the specific status of Hedotettix cristatus Karny, 1915 (Tetrigidae: Tetriginae)
Authors: SKEJO JOSIP , GUPTA SUNIL KUMAR 
Published: September 2015

Hedotettix cristatus Karny, 1915 is a species described from a single male specimen from Taiwan. Wagan & Kevan in 1992 synonymised the species with Hedotettix punctatus Hancock, 1909. We re-evaluated the specific status of H. cristatus and made a detailed comparison between valuable diagnostic characters. Females of H. cristatus are reported and new localities for the species, found on amateur photos from Taiwan, are presented. H. cristatus stat.rev. is a valid species, endemic to Taiwan, while H. punctatus is a species with a disjunctive distribution, partly in India and partly in China (Hainan, Guangdong, Hubei). The main diagnostic differences between two species are: 1) antennal grooves position: in H. cristatus antennal grooves are situated at the level of the lower margin of the compound eyes or slightly below it, while in H. punctatus, however, antennal grooves are situated slightly above the lower margin of the compound eyes, never at its level or below, 2) scutellum morphology: in H. cristatus, frontal costa bifurcation starts in about upper ¼ of the compound eye height, while in H. punctatus it starts at the level of upper margin of compound eyes or slightly below (with rare exceptions), 3) ratio of femora length/width: H. cristatus is species of robust femora, while H. punctatus has slender femora and 4) prozonal carinae: indistinguishable in H. cristatus, clear and elevated in H. punctatus. H. cristitergus Hancock, 1915 syn.nov. is synonymized with H. punctatus, as already proposed in some old papers.
The Early 1990s Change in ENSO–PSA–SAM Relationships and Its Impact on Southern Hemisphere Climate
Authors: Yu Jin-Yi , Paek Houk , Saltzman Eric S. , Lee Tong 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This study uncovers an early 1990s change in the relationships between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and two leading modes of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric variability: the southern annular mode (SAM) and the Pacific–South American (PSA) pattern. During austral spring, while the PSA maintained a strong correlation with ENSO throughout the period 1948–2014, the SAM–ENSO correlation changed from being weak before the early 1990s to being strong afterward. Through the ENSO connection, PSA and SAM became more in-phase correlated after the early 1990s. The early 1990s is also the time when ENSO changed from being dominated by the eastern Pacific (EP) type to being dominated by the central Pacific (CP) type. Analyses show that, while the EP ENSO can excite only the PSA, the CP ENSO can excite both the SAM and PSA through tropospheric and stratospheric pathway mechanisms. The more in-phase relationship between SAM and PSA impacted the post-1990s Antarctic climate in at least two aspects: 1) a stronger Antarctic sea ice dipole structure around the Amundsen–Bellingshausen Seas due to intensified geopotential height anomalies over the region and 2) a shift in the phase relationships of surface air temperature anomalies among East Antarctica, West Antarctica, and the Antarctic Peninsula. These findings imply that ENSO–Antarctic climate relations depend on the dominant ENSO type and that ENSO forcing has become more important to the Antarctic sea ice and surface air temperature variability in the past two decades and will in the coming decades if the dominance of CP ENSO persists.
Influence of the Kuroshio on Mesoscale Convective Systems in the Baiu Frontal Zone over the East China Sea
Authors: Sato Kazutoshi , Manda Atsuyoshi , Moteki Qoosaku , Komatsu Kensuke K. , Ogata Koto , Nishikawa Hatsumi , Oshika Miki , Otomi Yuriko , Kunoki Shiori , Kanehara Hisao , Aoshima Takashi , Shimizu Kenichi , Uchida Jun , Shimoda Masako , Yagi Mitsuharu , Minobe Shoshiro , Tachibana Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Two mesoscale convective events in the baiu frontal zone (BFZ) were documented, based on intensive atmospheric soundings and oceanic castings in the East China Sea during May 2011, in addition to continuous surface meteorological observations, satellite products, and objective analyses. These events occurred while the BFZ was nearly stagnant and a mesolow was deepening in the zone. Near-surface southerlies associated with the low-level jet transported a warm, humid air mass from south of the BFZ. Enhanced evaporation, which was mainly attributable to the high sea surface temperature of the Kuroshio, augmented the moisture content of the air mass and helped maintain a convectively unstable stratification in the lower troposphere around the BFZ.
Double Impact: When Both Tornadoes and Flash Floods Threaten the Same Place at the Same Time
Authors: Nielsen Erik R. , Herman Gregory R. , Tournay Robert C. , Peters John M. , Schumacher Russ S. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
While both tornadoes and flash floods individually present public hazards, when the two threats are both concurrent and collocated (referred to here as TORFF events), unique concerns arise. This study aims to evaluate the climatological and meteorological characteristics associated with TORFF events over the continental United States. Two separate datasets, one based on overlapping tornado and flash flood warnings and the other based on observations, were used to arrive at estimations of the instances when a TORFF event was deemed imminent and verified to have occurred, respectively. These datasets were then used to discern the geographical and meteorological characteristics of recent TORFF events. During 2008–14, TORFF events were found to be publicly communicated via overlapping warnings an average of 400 times per year, with a maximum frequency occurring in the lower Mississippi River valley. Additionally, 68 verified TORFF events between 2008 and 2013 were identified and subsequently classified based on synoptic characteristics and radar observations. In general, synoptic conditions associated with TORFF events were found to exhibit similar characteristics of typical tornadic environments, but the TORFF environment tended to be moister and have stronger synoptic-scale forcing for ascent. These results indicate that TORFF events occur with appreciable frequency and in complex meteorological scenarios. Furthermore, despite these identified differences, TORFF scenarios are not easily distinguishable from tornadic events that fail to produce collocated flash flooding, and present difficult challenges both from the perspective of forecasting and public communication.
Relationship between soluble intercellular adhesion molecules and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Alaşehirli Belgin , Oguz Elif , Gokcen Cem , Erbagcı Ayse Binnur , Orkmez Mustafa , Demiryurek Abdullah T 
Published: September 2015

Objective Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-oneset psychiatric disease, characterized by excessive overactivity, inattention, and impulsiveness. In recent studies, it is emphasized that inflammation may have a role in ADHD. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there are associations between ADHD and serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecules (s-ICAMs) which have important role in inflammatory diseases. We also measured the levels of these molecules after treatment with oros-methylphenidate. Methods Twenty-five patients diagnosed with ADHD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-TR criteria and 18 healthy volunteer controls were included in this study. The levels of sICAMs were measured in the serum of the patients and healthy volunteers by ELISA kit as described. Results The levels of sICAM-1 and sICAM-2 were significantly higher in patients compared with controls. The level of sICAM-2 was decreased significantly in group treated with oros-methylphenidate. Conclusions This is the first study pointing out the relationship between sICAMs and ADHD. The changes in sICAM-2 level may have a role in the effect mechanism of oros-methylphenidate, used for the treatment of ADHD.
Empirical Derivation of Correction Factors for Human Spiral Ganglion Cell Nucleus and Nucleolus Count Units
Authors: Robert Mark E. , Linthicum Fred H. 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveProfile count method for estimating cell number in sectioned tissue applies a correction factor for double count (resulting from transection during sectioning) of count units selected to represent the cell. For human spiral ganglion cell counts, we attempted to address apparent confusion between published correction factors for nucleus and nucleolus count units that are identical despite the role of count unit diameter in a commonly used correction factor formula.Study DesignWe examined a portion of human cochlea to empirically derive correction factors for the 2 count units, using 3‐dimensional reconstruction software to identify double counts.SettingThe Neurotology and House Histological Temporal Bone Laboratory at University of California at Los Angeles.Subjects and MethodsUsing a fully sectioned and stained human temporal bone, we identified and generated digital images of sections of the modiolar region of the lower first turn of cochlea, identified count units with a light microscope, labeled them on corresponding digital sections, and used 3‐dimensional reconstruction software to identify double‐counted count units.ResultsFor 25 consecutive sections, we determined that double‐count correction factors for nucleus count unit (0.91) and nucleolus count unit (0.92) matched the published factors. We discovered that nuclei and, therefore, spiral ganglion cells were undercounted by 6.3% when using nucleolus count units.ConclusionWe determined that correction factors for count units must include an element for undercounting spiral ganglion cells as well as the double‐count element. We recommend a correction factor of 0.91 for the nucleus count unit and 0.98 for the nucleolus count unit when using 20‐µm sections.
Outcomes associated with ablation compared to combined ablation and transilluminated powered phlebectomy in the treatment of venous varicosities
Authors: Obi Andrea T , Reames Bradley N , Rook Trent J , Mouch Sandford O , Zarinsefat Arya , Stabler Cathy , Rectenwald John E , Coleman Dawn M , Wakefield Thomas W ,   the Michigan Vein Health Program
Published: September 2015

Background Patients with painful varicose veins and venous insufficiency can be treated by eliminating axial reflux only or by eliminating axial reflux plus phlebectomy with transilluminated powered phlebectomy. This study was undertaken with the aim of determining and improving signs and symptoms of venous disease (measured by venous clinical severity score) and complications (by routine surveillance ultrasound and long-term post-operative follow up) for each treatment strategy. Methods We performed a retrospective evaluation of prospectively collected data from 979 limbs undergoing procedures for significant varicose veins and venous insufficiency from March 2008 until June 2014 performed at a single tertiary referral hospital. Patient demographics, Clinical Etiology Anatomy and Pathophysiology classification, venous clinical severity scores pre- and post-procedure, treatment chosen, and peri-operative complications were collected; descriptive statistics were calculated and unadjusted surgical outcomes for patients stratified by the procedure performed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between procedure type and thrombotic complications after adjusting for patient characteristics, severity of disease, pre-operative anticoagulation, and post-operative compression. Result Venous clinical severity scores improved more with radiofrequency ablation + transilluminated powered phlebectomy as compared to radiofrequency ablation alone (3.8 ± 3.4 vs. 3.2 ± 3.1, p = 0.018). Regarding deep venous thrombosis, there was no significant difference between radiofrequency ablation + transilluminated powered phlebectomy vs. radiofrequency ablation alone. There was no statistical difference in asymptomatic endovenous heat-induced thrombosis or infection, although there were slightly more hematomas and cases of asymptomatic superficial thrombophlebitis with combined therapy. On multivariable analysis, only procedure type predicted thrombotic complications. Conclusion Ablation of axial reflux plus transilluminated powered phlebectomy produces improved outcomes as measured by venous clinical severity score, with slight increases in minor post-operative complications and should be strongly considered as initial therapy when patients present with significant symptomatic varicose veins and superficial venous insufficiency. Implementation of a standardized thromboprophylaxis protocol with individual risk assessment results in few significant thrombotic complications amongst high-risk patients, thus potentially obviating the need for routine post-operative duplex.