bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness among children, 2010–2012
Authors: Fu Chuanxi , He Qing , Li Zhaotian , Xu Jianxiong , Li Yongqian , Lu Jianyun , Li Kuibiao , Yang Qiongying , Dong Zhiqiang , Liu Xiangyi , Wen Sijun , Hu Wensui , Zhang Danfeng , Lv Jiayun , Zhu Wei , Wang Ming 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundThe annual differences in the seasonal influenza vaccine and the circulating strains make it necessary to assess influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) yearly. We assessed the effectiveness of the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine for the 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 influenza seasons among children in Guangzhou, China.MethodsWe conducted a 1:2 matched case–control study based on date of birth (±7 days), gender, and area of residence. The influenza cases from surveillance sites in Guangzhou were laboratory‐confirmed during the 2010–2012 seasons. The controls were randomly selected from children aged 6–59 months in the Children's Expanded Programmed Immunization Administrative Computerized System. The influenza vaccination information for both cases and controls was retrieved from this system.ResultsWe analyzed the vaccination information for 1255 influenza cases and 2510 matched controls in 2 influenza seasons in Guangzhou, China. We found that the VE for vaccination during the 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 seasons of virus circulation was 73·2% (95% confidence interval (CI), 52·2–85·0%) and 52·9% (95% CI, 42·1–61·7%), respectively. The VE decreased from 68·9% (95% CI, 57·5–77·2%) in the period between January and March to 48·4% (95% CI, 33·8–59·7%) in the period between April and June.ConclusionsThis post‐licensing study of VE found moderate protection against influenza for vaccinated children aged 6–59 months. Although the influenza vaccine strains for the 2010–2011 and the 2011–2012 seasons were the same, our study indicated that annual vaccination is recommended even for those who received the vaccine during the previous season.
Respiratory viral infections and effects of meteorological parameters and air pollution in adults with respiratory symptoms admitted to the emergency room
Authors: Silva Denise R. , Viana Vinícius P. , Müller Alice M. , Livi Fernando P. , Dalcin Paulo de Tarso R. 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundRespiratory viral infections (RVIs) are the most common causes of respiratory infections. The prevalence of respiratory viruses in adults is underestimated. Meteorological variations and air pollution are likely to play a role in these infections.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to determine the number of emergency visits for influenza‐like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and to evaluate the association between ILI/SARI, RVI prevalence, and meteorological factors/air pollution, in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, from November 2008 to October 2010.MethodsEleven thousand nine hundred and fifty‐three hospitalizations (adults and children) for respiratory symptoms were correlated with meteorological parameters and air pollutants. In a subset of adults, nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected and analyzed through IFI test. The data were analyzed using time‐series analysis.ResultsInfluenza‐like illness and SARI were diagnosed in 3698 (30·9%) and 2063 (17·7%) patients, respectively. Thirty‐seven (9·0%) samples were positive by IFI and 93 of 410 (22·7%) were IFI and/or PCR positive. In a multivariate logistic regression model, IFI positivity was statistically associated with absolute humidity, use of air conditioning, and presence of mold in home. Sunshine duration was significantly associated with the frequency of ILI cases. For SARI cases, the variables mean temperature, sunshine duration, relative humidity, and mean concentration of pollutants were singnificant.ConclusionsAt least 22% of infections in adult patients admitted to ER with respiratory complaints were caused by RVI. The correlations among meteorological variables, air pollution, ILI/SARI cases, and respiratory viruses demonstrated the relevance of climate factors as significant underlying contributors to the prevalence of RVI.
Spectral Properties of Pr3+‐Doped Transparent‐Glass‐Ceramic Containing Ca5(PO4)3F Nanocrystals
Authors: Huang Jianhua , Zhang Sinian , Chen Yujing , Gong Xinghong , Lin Yanfu , Luo Zundu , Huang Yidong 
Published: August 2013

A Pr3+‐doped transparent oxyfluoride glass‐ceramic containing Ca5(PO4)3F nanocrystals was prepared by melt quenching and subsequent thermal treatment. The crystallization phase and morphology of the Ca5(PO4)3F nanocrystals were investigated by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope, respectively. The volume fraction of the Ca5(PO4)3F nanocrystals in the glass‐ceramic is about 10% and the fraction of Pr3+ ions incorporated into the Ca5(PO4)3F nanocrystals is about 22%. The peak absorption cross sections at 435 and 574 nm increase up to 128% and 132% after crystallization, respectively. The peak stimulated emission cross sections of the 3P0→3H4 blue laser channel and 3P0→3F2 red laser channel for the glass‐ceramic are 4.95 × 10−20 and 29.8 × 10−20 cm2, respectively. The spectral properties indicate that the glass‐ceramic is a potential visible laser material.
Transformational leadership and safety performance among nurses: the mediating role of knowledge‐related job characteristics
Authors: Lievens Ilse , Vlerick Peter 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimsTo report the impact of transformational leadership on two dimensions of nurses' safety performance (i.e. safety compliance and safety participation) and to study the mediating role of knowledge‐related job characteristics in this relationship.BackgroundSafety performance refers to the behaviours that employees exhibit to adhere to safety guidelines and to promote health and safety at their workplace. Nurses' safety performance is a major challenge for healthcare settings, urging the need to identify the key determinants and psychological mechanisms that influence it.DesignA cross‐sectional survey study.MethodsThe study was carried out in September 2010 in a large Belgian hospital. We used self‐administered questionnaires; 152 nurses participated. The hypotheses were tested using hierarchical regression analyses.Results/FindingsIn line with our first hypothesis, the results show that transformational leadership exerted a significant positive impact on both dimensions of nurses' safety performance. This positive relation was mediated by knowledge‐related job characteristics, supporting our second hypothesis.ConclusionHead nurses' transformational leadership can enhance nurses' compliance with and participation in safety. Furthermore, transformational head nurses are able to influence the perception that their nurses have about the kind and amount of knowledge in their job, which can also lead to increases in both dimensions of nurses' safety performance. This study therefore demonstrates the key impact that transformational head nurses have, both directly and indirectly, on the safety performance of their nurses.
The importance of multidisciplinary teamwork and team climate for relational coordination among teams delivering care to older patients
Authors: Hartgerink J.M. , Cramm J.M. , Bakker T.J.E.M. , van Eijsden A.M. , Mackenbach J.P. , Nieboer A.P. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimTo identify predictors of relational coordination among professionals delivering care to older patients.BackgroundRelational coordination is known to enhance quality of care in hospitals. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain poorly understood.DesignThis cross‐sectional study was part of a larger evaluation study examining the opportunity to prevent loss of function in older patients due to hospitalization in the Netherlands.MethodsThis study was performed in spring 2010 among team members delivering care to older hospitalized patients (192 respondents; 44% response rate) in one hospital. Relational coordination was measured by the Relational Coordination survey; team climate by the Team Climate Inventory and questions were asked about participation in multidisciplinary team meetings and disciplines represented in these meetings. To account for the hierarchical structure, a multilevel analysis was performed.ResultsCorrelation analysis revealed a positive relationship among being female, being a nurse and relational coordination; medical specialists showed a negative relationship. The number of disciplines represented during multidisciplinary team meetings and team climate were positively related with relational coordination. The multilevel analysis showed a positive relationship between the number of disciplines represented during multidisciplinary team meetings and team climate with relational coordination.ConclusionsThe enhancement of team climate and attendance of diverse professionals during multidisciplinary team meetings are expected to improve relational coordination. Furthermore, this study underscores the importance of enhancing relational coordination between medical specialists and other professionals.
Genealogy as a critical toolbox: deconstructing the professional identity of nurses
Authors: Miró‐Bonet Margalida , Bover‐Bover Andreu , Moreno‐Mulet Cristina , Miró‐Bonet Rosa , Zaforteza‐Lallemand Concha 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimTo discuss the Foucauldian concept of genealogy as a framework for understanding and transforming nurses' professional identity.BackgroundThe professional identity of nurses has primarily been defined by personal and interpersonal attributes and by the intradisciplinary dimensions of nursing, leading to its conceptualization as a universal, monolithic phenomenon. The Foucauldian genealogical perspective offers a critical lens to examine what constitutes this professional identity; Spanish nursing offers a historical case study of an active effort to impose an identity that fits the monolithic ideal.Data sourcesFive of the 33 professional conduct manuals for nurses' training published from 1956–1976 during the Franco dictatorship in Spain and six interviews with nursing instructors or students at the time were analysed using a theoretical framework drawn from Foucault's writing.DiscussionFoucault's genealogical framework considers practices of normalization and resistance as a means of understanding knowledge continuities and discontinuities, clarifying practices that constitute nurses' professional identity in a particular way in specific contexts and analysing the implications of this theoretical frame.Implications for nursingThe genealogy concept offers valuable tools to determine how professional identities are constituted, questions assumptions about the profession and its professionals and envisions alternative approaches. This theoretical approach helps both scholars and practitioners understand, question and transform their practices as needed.ConclusionThe genealogical approach prioritizes analysis of the phenomenon over its description and challenges many unknown, forgotten, excluded and/or unquestioned aspects of identity from a position of diversity and complexity.
Learning in a mobile age: an investigation of student motivation
Authors: Ciampa K. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this single‐case study was to explore the lived experiences of a grade 6 teacher and students who used tablets as part of their classroom instruction. Malone and Lepper's taxonomy of intrinsic motivations for learning is used as a framework for examining whether and how this particular theory of motivation applies equally well for mobile learning. This study reports on the grade 6 teacher's and students' perceptions regarding the motivational affordances of using these mobile devices for learning. The findings are consistent with those of Malone and Lepper that motivation can be enhanced through challenge, curiosity, control, recognition, competition and cooperation. This model is helpful in informing our understanding of the motivating features of using mobile devices for learning and how mobile technologies can be used to enhance learners' motivation.
Cardiac Channelopathies Associated with Infantile Fatal Ventricular Arrhythmias: From the Cradle to the Bench
Authors: KATO KOICHI , MAKIYAMA TAKERU , WU JIE , DING WEI‐GUANG , KIMURA HIROMI , NAIKI NOBU , OHNO SEIKO , ITOH HIDEKI , NAKANISHI TOSHIO , MATSUURA HIROSHI , HORIE MINORU 
Published: August 2013

Channelopathies in Infantile ArrhythmiasBackgroundFatal ventricular arrhythmias in the early period of life have been associated with cardiac channelopathies for decades, and postmortem analyses in SIDS victims have provided evidence of this association. However, the prevalence and functional properties of cardiac ion channel mutations in infantile fatal arrhythmia cases are not clear.Methods and ResultsSeven infants with potentially lethal arrhythmias at age < 1 year (5 males, age of onset 44.1 ± 72.1 days) were genetically analyzed for KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1–5, KCNJ2, SCN5A, GJA5, and CALM1 by using denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography and direct sequencing. Whole‐cell currents of wildtype and mutant channels were recorded and analyzed in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with SCN5A and KCNH2 cDNA. In 5 of 7 patients, we identified 4 mutations (p.N1774D, p.T290fsX53, p.F1486del and p.N406K) in SCN5A, and 1 mutation (p.G628D) in KCNH2. N1774D, F1486del, and N406K in SCN5A displayed tetrodotoxin‐sensitive persistent late Na+ currents. By contrast, SCN5A‐T290fsX53 was nonfunctional. KCNH2‐G628D exhibited loss of channel function.ConclusionGenetic screening of 7 patients was used to demonstrate the high prevalence of cardiac channelopathies. Functional assays revealed both gain and loss of channel function in SCN5A mutations, as well as loss of function associated with the KCNH2 mutation.
Midlife Hypertensive Status and Cognitive Function 20 Years Later: The Southall and Brent Revisited Study
Authors: Taylor Clare , Tillin Therese , Chaturvedi Nish , Dewey Michael , Ferri Cleusa P. , Hughes Alun , Prince Martin , Richards Marcus , Shah Ajit , Stewart Robert 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesTo investigate long‐term prospective associations between a range of measurements of hypertensive status in midlife and cognitive impairment 20 years later.DesignCohort study.SettingTwo areas (Southall and Brent) of northwest London.ParticipantsSurvey samples of a multiethnic population (European, African Caribbean, South Asian) aged 40 to 67 were followed up 20 years later.MeasurementsComprehensive cardiovascular assessments were performed at baseline, including measurements of resting blood pressure (BP) and, in a subsample, ambulatory BP. At follow‐up, a battery of cognitive assessments was administered, and a composite outcome was derived, with impairment defined as the lowest 10% within each ethnic group. Logistic regression models were used to investigate associations with prior measures of hypertensive status.ResultsIn 1,484 participants at follow‐up, cognitive impairment showed significant U‐shaped associations with baseline diastolic BP (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP; strongest for those aged ≥50 at baseline), independent of a range of covariates, but no associations were found with systolic BP or pulse pressure. Cognitive impairment was also associated with antihypertensive medication use and higher evening ambulatory DBP at baseline. No substantial differences in strengths of association were found between ethnic groups.ConclusionLow and high DBP and MAP were associated with cognitive impairment 20 years later. Higher evening DBP on ambulatory monitoring was also associated with greater risk.
People's Attitudes, Beliefs, and Experiences Regarding Polypharmacy and Willingness to Deprescribe
Authors: Reeve Emily , Wiese Michael D. , Hendrix Ivanka , Roberts Michael S. , Shakib Sepehr 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesTo capture people's attitudes, beliefs, and experiences regarding the number of medications they are taking and their feelings about stopping medications.DesignAdministration of a validated questionnaire.SettingMultidisciplinary ambulatory consulting service at the Royal Adelaide Hospital.ParticipantsParticipants were individuals aged 18 and older (median 71.5) taking at least one regular prescription medication; 100 participants completed all items of the questionnaire, 65 of whom were aged 65 and older.MeasurementsParticipants were administered the 15‐item Patients' Attitudes Towards Deprescribing (PATD) questionnaire.ResultsParticipants were taking an average of 10 different prescription and nonprescription (including complementary), regular and as‐needed medications. More than 60% felt that they were taking a “large number” of medications, and 92% stated that they would be willing to stop one or more of their current medications if possible. Number of regular medications, age, and number of medical conditions were not found to be correlated with willingness to stop a medication. The findings were similar in older and younger participants.ConclusionThis study has shown that a cohort of mostly older adults were largely accepting of a trial of cessation of medication(s) that their prescriber deemed to be no longer required. Because few factors were associated with willingness to cease medications, all patients should be individually evaluated for deprescribing.
Operationalization of Frailty Using Eight Commonly Used Scales and Comparison of Their Ability to Predict All‐Cause Mortality
Authors: Theou Olga , Brothers Thomas D. , Mitnitski Arnold , Rockwood Kenneth 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesTo operationalize frailty using eight scales and to compare their content validity, feasibility, prevalence estimates of frailty, and ability to predict all‐cause mortality.DesignSecondary analysis of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).SettingEleven European countries.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 50 to 104 (mean age 65.3 ± 10.5, 54.8% female, N = 27,527).MeasurementsFrailty was operationalized using SHARE data based on the Groningen Frailty Indicator, the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, a 70‐item Frailty Index (FI), a 44‐item FI based on a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (FI‐CGA), the Clinical Frailty Scale, frailty phenotype (weighted and unweighted versions), the Edmonton Frail Scale, and the FRAIL scale.ResultsAll scales had fewer than 6% of cases with at least one missing item, except the SHARE‐frailty phenotype (11.1%) and the SHARE‐Tilburg (12.2%). In the SHARE‐Groningen, SHARE‐Tilburg, SHARE‐frailty phenotype, and SHARE‐FRAIL scales, death rates were 3 to 5 times as high in excluded cases as in included ones. Frailty prevalence estimates ranged from 6% (SHARE‐FRAIL) to 44% (SHARE‐Groningen). All scales categorized 2.4% of participants as frail. Of unweighted scales, the SHARE‐FI and SHARE‐Edmonton scales most accurately predicted mortality at 2 (SHARE‐FI area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.75–0.79); SHARE‐Edmonton AUC = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.74–0.79) and 5 (both AUC = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.74–0.77) years. The continuous score of the weighted SHARE‐frailty phenotype (AUC = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.75–0.78) predicted 5‐year mortality better than the unweighted SHARE‐frailty phenotype (AUC = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.68–0.71), but the categorical score of the weighted SHARE‐frailty phenotype did not (AUC = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.68–0.72).ConclusionSubstantive differences exist between scales in their content validity, feasibility, and ability to predict all‐cause mortality. These frailty scales capture related but distinct groups. Weighting items in frailty scales can improve their predictive ability, but the trade‐off between specificity, predictive power, and generalizability requires additional evaluation.
Multidimensional Team‐Based Intervention Using Musical Cues to Reduce Odds of Facility‐Acquired Pressure Ulcers in Long‐Term Care: A Paired Randomized Intervention Study
Authors: Yap Tracey L. , Kennerly Susan M. , Simmons Mark R. , Buncher Charles R. , Miller Elaine , Kim Jay , Yap Winston Y. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesTo test the effectiveness of a pressure ulcer (PU) prevention intervention featuring musical cues to remind all long‐term care (LTC) staff (nursing and ancillary) to help every resident move or reposition every 2 hours.DesignTwelve‐month paired‐facility two‐arm (with one‐arm crossover) randomized intervention trial.SettingTen midwestern U.S. LTC facilities. Four treatment facilities received intervention during Months 1 to 12, four comparison facilities received intervention during Months 7 to 12, and two pseudo‐control facilities received no intervention.ParticipantsLTC facility residents (N = 1,928).InterventionAll facility staff received in‐person education, video, and handouts, and visiting family members received informational pamphlets on PU prevention and an intervention featuring musical cues. Nurse‐led multidisciplinary staff teams presented the cues as prompts for staff and family to reposition residents or remind them to move. Musical selections (with and without lyrics) customized to facility preferences were played daily over the facility intercom or public address system every 2 hours for the 12‐hour daytime period.MeasurementsPrimary outcome measure was the frequency of new facility‐acquired PUs divided by the total number of facility Minimum Data Set (MDS) resident assessments conducted during the study period.ResultsOdds of a new PU were lower in intervention facilities (P = .08) for MDS 2.0 assessments and were significantly lower (P = .05) for MDS 3.0. Mean odds ratios suggested intervention facility residents were 45% less likely than comparison facility residents to develop a new PU.ConclusionCustomized musical cues that prompt multidisciplinary staff teams to encourage or enable movement of all residents hold promise for reducing facility‐acquired PUs in LTC settings.
Plasma Membrane Protein Ubiquitylation and Degradation as Determinants of Positional Growth in Plants
Authors: Korbei Barbara , Luschnig Christian 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBeing sessile organisms, plants evolved an unparalleled plasticity in their post‐embryonic development, allowing them to adapt and fine‐tune their vital parameters to an ever‐changing environment. Crosstalk between plants and their environment requires tight regulation of information exchange at the plasma membrane (PM). Plasma membrane proteins mediate such communication, by sensing variations in nutrient availability, external cues as well as by controlled solute transport across the membrane border. Localization and steady‐state levels are essential for PM protein function and ongoing research identifiedcis‐ andtrans‐acting determinants, involved in control of plant PM protein localization and turnover. In this overview, we summarize recent progress in our understanding of plant PM protein sorting and degradation via ubiquitylation, a post‐translational and reversible modification of proteins. We highlight characterized components of the machinery involved in sorting of ubiquitylated PM proteins and discuss consequences of protein ubiquitylation on fate of selected PM proteins. Specifically, we focus on the role of ubiquitylation and PM protein degradation in the regulation of polar auxin transport (PAT). We combine this regulatory circuit with further aspects of PM protein sorting control, to address the interplay of events that might control PAT and polarized growth in higher plants.imageChristian Luschnig(Corresponding author)