bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High frequency of the erythroid silent Duffy antigen genotype and lack of Plasmodium vivax infections in Haiti
Authors: Weppelmann Thomas A , Carter Tamar E , Chen Zhongsheng , von Fricken Michael E , Victor Yves S , Existe Alexander , Okech Bernard A 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Malaria is a significant public health concern in Haiti where approximately 30,000 cases are reported annually with CDC estimates as high as 200,000. Malaria infections in Haiti are caused almost exclusively by Plasmodium falciparum, while a small number of Plasmodium malariae and an even smaller number of putative Plasmodium vivax infections have been reported. The lack of confirmed P. vivax infections in Haiti could be due to the genetic background of native Haitians. Having descended from West African populations, many Haitians could be Duffy negative due to a single nucleotide polymorphism from thymine to cytosine in the GATA box of the promoter region of the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) gene. This mutation, encoded by the FY

ES
allele, eliminates the expression of the Duffy antigen on erythrocytes, which reduces invasion by P. vivax. This study investigated the frequency of the FY

ES
allele and P. vivax infections in malaria patients with the goal of uncovering factors for the lack of P. vivax infections reported in Haiti.

Methods
DNA was extracted from dried blood spots collected from malaria patients at four clinic locations in Haiti. The samples were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the P. vivax small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. PCR, sequencing, and restriction enzyme digestion were used to detect the presence of the FY

ES
allele. Matched samples were examined for both presence of P. vivax and the FY

ES
allele.

Results
No cases of P. vivax were detected in any of the samples (0/136). Of all samples tested for the FY

ES
allele, 99.4% had the FY

ES
allele (163/164). Of the matched samples, 99% had the FY

ES
allele (98/99).

Conclusions
In this preliminary study, no cases of P. vivax were confirmed by PCR and 99% of the malaria patients tested carried the FY

ES
allele. The high frequency of the FY

ES
allele that silences erythroid expression of the Duffy antigen offers a biologically plausible explanation for the lack of P. vivax infections observed. These results provide insights on the host susceptibility for P. vivax infections that has never before been investigated in Haiti.
An adolescent presenting with malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the testis: a case report
Authors: Wang Lian-Li , Xie Hui , Fu Hai-Long , Jiang Sen , Wang Xiu-Fang , Jia Mei-Zai , Liu Ze-Hong , Zhao Ya-Ping 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Introduction
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a very common subtype of soft-tissue sarcoma in middle and late adulthood. However, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the testis is very rare in adolescents.

Case presentation
We report here the case of a 14-year-old Han Chinese boy, who presented with left scrotal mass lasting for 20 days along with distending pain for 5 days. A physical examination revealed a chicken egg-sized, firm, well-defined mass and unclear epididymis. A B-scan ultrasonography of the left scrotum displayed a 9.0×5.2×4.5cm medium- or low-echoic lobulated mass, which suggested a left testicular neoplasm. A fine needle aspiration cytology examination revealed that the cells obtained from the patient’s testicular neoplasm were composed of myxoid spindle, and ovoid cells with nuclear atypia and mitotic activity, and arranged in a whirlpool or storiform pattern. Under histological examination, the tumor cells were arranged in a storiform pattern, which displayed mucoid matrix degeneration, and grew invasively. Consequently, a histopathological diagnosis suggested myxofibrosarcoma (or myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma).

Conclusions
An ultrasonic examination combined with fine needle aspiration cytology should be helpful for the initial differential diagnosis of testicular malignant fibrous histiocytoma. However, the final confirmation relies on histopathological examination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the testis in an adolescent.
Inflammation-associated enterotypes, host genotype, cage and inter-individual effects drive gut microbiota variation in common laboratory mice
Authors: Hildebrand Falk , Nguyen Thi Loan Anh , Brinkman Brigitta , Yunta Roberto Garcia , Cauwe Benedicte , Vandenabeele Peter , Liston Adrian , Raes Jeroen 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Background
Murine models are a crucial component of gut microbiome research. Unfortunately, a multitude of genetic backgrounds and experimental setups, together with inter-individual variation, complicates cross-study comparisons and a global understanding of the mouse microbiota landscape. Here, we investigate the variability of the healthy mouse microbiota of five common lab mouse strains using 16S rDNA pyrosequencing.

Results
We find initial evidence for richness-driven, strain-independent murine enterotypes that show a striking resemblance to those in human, and which associate with calprotectin levels, a marker for intestinal inflammation. After enterotype stratification, we find that genetic, caging and inter-individual variation contribute on average 19%, 31.7% and 45.5%, respectively, to the variance in the murine gut microbiota composition. Genetic distance correlates positively to microbiota distance, so that genetically similar strains have more similar microbiota than genetically distant ones. Specific mouse strains are enriched for specific operational taxonomic units and taxonomic groups, while the 'cage effect' can occur across mouse strain boundaries and is mainly driven by Helicobacter infections.

Conclusions
The detection of enterotypes suggests a common ecological cause, possibly low-grade inflammation that might drive differences among gut microbiota composition in mammals. Furthermore, the observed environmental and genetic effects have important consequences for experimental design in mouse microbiome research.
Occludin is required for TRPV1-modulated paracellular permeability in the submandibular gland
Authors: Cong Xin , Zhang Yan , Yang Ning-Yan , Li Jing , Ding Chong , Ding Qian-Wen , Su Yun-Chao , Mei Mei , Guo Xiao-Hong , Wu Li-Ling , Yu Guang-Yan 
Published: January 2013

Summary
Occludin plays an important role in maintaining tight junction barrier function in many types of epithelia. We previously reported that activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) in rabbit submandibular gland promoted salivary secretion, partly by an increase in paracellular permeability. We have now explored the role of occludin in TRPV1-modulated paracellular permeability in a rat submandibular gland cell line SMG-C6. Both TRPV1 and occludin were expressed in SMG-C6 cells, and capsaicin induced redistribution of occludin, but not claudin-3, claudin-4 or E-cadherin, from the cell membrane into the cytoplasm. Capsaicin also decreased transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and increased the Trypan Blue and FITC–dextran flux. Capsazepine (CPZ), a TRPV1 antagonist, inhibited the capsaicin-induced occludin redistribution and TER decrease. Moreover, occludin knockdown by shRNA suppressed, whereas occludin re-expression restored, the TER response to capsaicin. Mechanistically, TRPV1 activation increased ERK1/2 and MLC2 phosphorylation. PD98059, an ERK1/2 kinase inhibitor, abolished the capsaicin-induced MLC2 phosphorylation, whereas ML-7, an MLC2 kinase inhibitor, did not affect ERK1/2 phosphorylation, suggesting that ERK1/2 is the upstream signaling molecule of MLC2. Capsaicin also induced F-actin reorganization, which was abolished by CPZ, PD98059 and ML-7, indicating that TRPV1 activation altered F-actin organization in an ERK1/2- and MLC2-dependent manner. Furthermore, either PD98059 or ML-7 could abolish the capsaicin-induced TER response and occludin redistribution, whereas knockdown of ERK1/2 further confirmed that the TRPV1-modulated paracellular permeability was ERK1/2 dependent. Taken together, these results identified a crucial role of occludin in submandibular epithelial cells, and more importantly, demonstrated that occludin was required to mediate TRPV1-modulated paracellular permeability.
Direct binding between BubR1 and B56–PP2A phosphatase complexes regulate mitotic progression
Authors: Kruse Thomas , Zhang Gang , Larsen Marie Sofie Yoo , Lischetti Tiziana , Streicher Werner , Kragh Nielsen Tine , Bjørn Sara Petersen , Nilsson Jakob 
Published: January 2013

Summary
BubR1 is a central component of the spindle assembly checkpoint that inhibits progression into anaphase in response to improper kinetochore–microtubule interactions. In addition, BubR1 also helps stabilize kinetochore–microtubule interactions by counteracting the Aurora B kinase but the mechanism behind this is not clear. Here we show that BubR1 directly binds to the B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits through a conserved motif that is phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) and polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1). Two highly conserved hydrophobic residues surrounding the serine 670 Cdk1 phosphorylation site are required for B56 binding. Mutation of these residues prevents the establishment of a proper metaphase plate and delays cells in mitosis. Furthermore, we show that phosphorylation of serines 670 and 676 stimulates the binding of B56 to BubR1 and that BubR1 targets a pool of B56 to kinetochores. Our data suggest that BubR1 counteracts Aurora B kinase activity at improperly attached kinetochores by recruiting B56–PP2A phosphatase complexes.
Effect of an educational intervention on requesting behaviour by a medical admission unit
Authors: Willis Eloise A , Datta Borunendra N 
Published: January 2013

Background Previous studies have shown that of all the tests requested of hospital laboratories, 25-40% are thought to be unnecessary. Our hospital laboratory observed that a significant number of requests from the medical admissions unit (MAU) were probably inappropriate. In an attempt to improve requesting behaviour this observation was investigated and an educational intervention employed. Methods We performed a survey of requesting behaviour by the MAU and a local protocol was designed as an audit standard. The influence of the educational intervention on requesting behaviour was audited. Results The generation of local guidelines and an educational intervention to promote them, significantly changed requesting behaviour. The main effect was the reduction in requesting of thyroid function tests, lipid profiles and coagulation screens. Conclusions This process highlighted inappropriate requesting behaviour from the MAU which, following a process of investigation and education, resulted in a significant change with an associated cost benefit.
Effective Marketing Science Applications: Insights from the ISMS-MSI Practice Prize Finalist Papers and Projects
Authors: Lilien Gary L. , Roberts John H. , Shankar Venkatesh 
Published: January 2013

From 2003 to 2012, the ISMS-MSI Practice Prize/Award competition has documented 25 impactful projects, with associated papers appearing in Marketing Science. This article reviews these papers and projects, examines their influence on the relevant organizations, and provides a perspective on the diffusion and impact of marketing science models within the organizations. We base our analysis on three sources of data—the articles, authors' responses to a survey, and in-depth interviews with the authors. We draw some conclusions about how marketing science models can create more impact without losing academic rigor while maintaining strong relevance to practice. We find that the application and diffusion of marketing science models are not restricted to the well-known choice models, conjoint analysis, mapping, and promotional analysis—there are very effective applications across a wide range of managerial problems using an array of marketing science techniques. There is no one successful approach, and although some factors are correlated with impactful marketing science models, there are a number of pathways by which a project can add value to its client organization. Simpler, easier-to-use models that offer robust and improved results can have a stronger impact than academically sophisticated models can. Organizational buy-in is critical and can be achieved through recognizing high-level champions, holding in-house presentations and dialogues, doing pilot assignments, involving multidepartment personnel, and speaking the same language as the influential executives. And we find that intermediaries often, but not always, play a key role in the transportability and diffusion of models across organizations. Although these applications are impressive and reflect profitable academic–practitioner partnerships, changes in the knowledge base and reward systems for academics, intermediaries, and practitioners are required for marketing science approaches to realize their potential impact on a much larger scale than the highly selective sample that we have been able to analyze.
Crystal structure of 4-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid, C7H4ClNO4
Authors: Wu Hao , Liu Ya-Ling , Wang Hong-Yong , Wu Jun , Zou Pei 
Published: January 2013

Abstract C7H4ClNO4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 12.698(1) Å, b = 10.9537(8) Å, c = 11.4536(9) Å, β = 95.918(5)°, V = 1584.5 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0462, wRref(F2) = 0.1017, T = 153 K.
Lymph Node Ratio Predicts Recurrence in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Schneider David F. , Mazeh Haggi , Chen Herbert , Sippel Rebecca S. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Learning Objectives
Explain how lymph node ratio can be used to predict disease recurrence for papillary thyroid cancer. Cite the threshold total and central lymph node ratios that best predict recurrence. Describe ways in which lymph node ratio can be useful in guiding postoperative follow-up.

Background.
Lymph node metastasis occurs in 20%–50% of patients presenting for initial treatment of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The significance of lymph node metastases remains controversial, and the aim of this study is to determine how the lymph node ratio (LNR) may predict the likelihood of disease recurrence.

Methods.
We conducted a retrospective review of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for PTC at our institution from 2005 to 2010. A total LNR (positive nodes to total nodes) and central lymph node ratio (cLNR) was calculated. Regression was used to determine a threshold LNR that best predicted recurrence. Multivariate logistic regression then determined the influence of LNR on recurrence while accounting for other known predictors of recurrence. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to compare differences in disease-free survival.

Results.
Of the 217 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for PTC, 69 patients had concomitant neck dissections. Sixteen (23.2%) patients developed disease recurrence. When disease-free survival functions were compared, we found that patients with a total LNR ≥0.7 (p &lt; .01) or a cLNR ≥0.86 (p = .04) had significantly worse disease-free survival rates than patients with ratios below these threshold values. Considering other known predictors of recurrence, we found that LNR was significantly associated with recurrence (odds ratio: 19.5, 95% confidence interval: 4.1–22.9; p &lt; .01).

Conclusions.
Elevated total LNR and cLNR are strongly associated with recurrence of PTC after initial operation. LNR in PTC is a tool that can be used to determine the likelihood of the patient developing recurrent disease and inform postoperative follow-up.
In Vitro Evaluation of Demineralized Freeze‐Dried Bone Allograft in Combination With Enamel Matrix Derivative
Authors: Miron Richard J. , Bosshardt Dieter D. , Laugisch Oliver , Dard Michel , Gemperli Anja C. , Buser Daniel , Gruber Reinhard , Sculean Anton 
Published: January 2013

Background: Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that a combination of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) with demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft (DFDBA) may improve periodontal wound healing and regeneration. To date, no single study has characterized the effects of this combination on in vitro cell behavior. The aim of this study is to test the ability of EMD to adsorb to the surface of DFDBA particles and determine the effect of EMD coating on downstream cellular pathways such as adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of primary human osteoblasts and periodontal ligament (PDL) cells.Methods: DFDBA particles were precoated with EMD or human blood and analyzed for protein adsorption patterns via scanning electron microscopy. Cell attachment and proliferation were quantified using a commercial assay. Cell differentiation was analyzed using real‐time polymerase chain reaction for genes encoding Runx2, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and collagen 1α1, and mineralization was assessed using alizarinred staining.Results: Analysis of cell attachment revealed no significant differences among control, blood‐coated, and EMD‐coated DFDBA particles. EMD significantly increased cell proliferation at 3 and 5 days after seeding for both osteoblasts and PDL cells compared to control and blood‐coated samples. Moreover, there were significantly higher messenger ribonucleic acid levels of osteogenic differentiation markers, including collagen 1α1, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin, in osteoblasts and PDL cells cultured on EMD‐coated DFDBA particles at 3, 7, and 14 days.Conclusion: The results suggest that the addition of EMD to DFDBA particles may influence periodontal regeneration by stimulating PDL cell and osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
Long‐Term Stability of Contour Augmentation With Early Implant Placement Following Single Tooth Extraction in the Esthetic Zone: A Prospective, Cross‐Sectional Study in 41 Patients With a 5‐ to 9‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Buser Daniel , Chappuis Vivianne , Bornstein Michael M. , Wittneben Julia‐Gabriela , Frei Marc , Belser Urs C. 
Published: January 2013

Background: Early implant placement with simultaneous contour augmentation is documented with short‐ and medium‐term studies. The long‐term stability of contour augmentation is uncertain.Methods: In this prospective, cross‐sectional study, 41 patients with an implant‐borne single crown were examined twice, in 2006 and 2010. Clinical, radiologic, and esthetic parameters were assessed at both examinations. In addition, a cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) image was obtained during the second examination to assess the dimensions of the facial bone wall.Results: All 41 implants demonstrated ankylotic stability without signs of peri‐implant infection at both examinations. The clinical parameters remained stable over time. Satisfactory esthetic outcomes were noted, as assessed by the pink and white esthetic score (PES/WES) indices. Overall, the PES scores were slightly higher than the WES scores. None of the implants developed mucosal recession over time, as confirmed by values of the distance between implant shoulder and mucosal margin and cast measurements. The periapical radiographs yielded stable peri‐implant bone levels, with a mean distance between implant shoulder and first visible bone‐implant contact value of 2.18 mm. The CBCT analysis demonstrated a mean thickness of the facial bone wall ≈2.2 mm. In two implants (4.9%) no facial bone wall was detectable radiographically.Conclusions: This prospective cross‐sectional study demonstrates stable peri‐implant hard and soft tissues for all 41 implants examined and satisfactory esthetic outcomes overall. The follow‐up of 5 to 9 years confirmed again that the risk for mucosal recession is low with early implant placement. In addition, contour augmentation with guided bone regeneration was able to establish and maintain a facial bone wall in 95% of patients.
Salivary Cotinine Concentrations and Prevalence of Periodontal Disease in Young Japanese Women: The Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study
Authors: Tanaka Keiko , Matsuse Ryoichi , Miyake Yoshihiro , Hanioka Takashi , Arakawa Masashi 
Published: January 2013

Background: The authors investigated the relationship between objectively assessed tobacco smoke exposure and periodontal disease.Methods: This cross‐sectional study included 1,103 women with a mean age of 31.5 years. Information on potential confounding factors was obtained through a self‐administered questionnaire. Periodontal disease was defined as positive if a woman had at least one tooth with a probing depth of ≥3.5 mm. Exposure to tobacco smoke was determined based on salivary cotinine concentration. Adjustment was made for age, region of residence, household income, education, toothbrushing frequency, and use of an interdental brush.Results: The prevalence of periodontal disease was 11.3%. Salivary cotinine concentration was independently positively associated with the prevalence of periodontal disease: the adjusted odds ratio for every 1‐unit (ng/mL) increase in salivary cotinine was 1.004 (95% confidence interval: 1.000 to 1.007).Conclusion: Salivary cotinine concentrations were positively associated with the prevalence of periodontal disease among young women.
Modeling the REA Enterprise Ontology with a Domain Specific Language
Authors: Sedbrook Tod A. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT
Developing a domain specific language (DSL) to express business policies requires modeling tools for eliciting, applying, and maintaining the knowledge of business experts. This study defines a DSL meta-model and prototype to create visual business models that conform to the Resource, Event, Agent-Enterprise Ontology (REA-EO). The meta-model specifies REA-EO modeling components, and the prototype provides a visual interface to design operational and policy-level models. Code-generation templates then transform design models into executable code that supports business applications. The study describes the capabilities of the prototype and validates its use in the context of a business case.
Data Availability: The paper's software modeling prototype and its companion code-generation templates are available for research purposes as open-source Visual Studio extensions and are available by contacting the author.
Tuning CO2 Electrocatalytic Reduction Path for High Performance of Li‐CO2 Battery
Authors: Wang Zhen , Deng Li , Yang Xue‐Rui , Lin Jin‐Xia , Cao De‐Quan , Liu Jun‐Ke , Tong Zhen , Zhang Jing , Bai Gao‐Yang , Luo Yu‐Xi , Yin Zu‐Wei , Zhou Yao , Li Juntao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe production of Li2CO3/C through CO2 reduction reaction in nonaqueous systems is a complex four‐electron, multi‐step process, and the short existence time of intermediate monomers is not conducive to observation, which causes great difficulties in clarifying and regulating the CO2 reduction path. Herein, ferrocene (Fc) as a functional additive into the electrolyte can stabilize the discharge intermediates and favor the occurrence of the two‐electron reaction path during CO2RR, which leads to more stable operation of the Li‐CO2 battery; with the assistance of Fc, the CO2 reduction pathway in Li‐CO2 battery is also clarified. Theoretical calculation analysis combined with experimental characterization observation confirms that Fc can shorten the CO2 reduction distance through interaction with CO2 and affecting the solvent environment around Li+, stabilize intermediate products to clarify the discharge path. The existence time of intermediates and discharge depth of the battery are key factors affecting the CO2 reduction pathway. The Li2C2O4 formed by CO2 reduction through the 2‐electron pathway is more favorable for the reversible operation of the Li‐CO2 battery than Li2CO3/C through the 4‐electron pathway. This work provides inspiration for clarifying the reaction mechanism and regulating the CO2 reduction pathway to improve the electrochemical performance of Li‐CO2 battery in the future.