bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Segmental Artery Coil Embolization for Preconditioning of the Spinal Cord Collateral Network before One-Stage Descending and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Luehr Maximilian , Salameh Aida , Haunschild Josephina , Hoyer Alexandro , Girrbach Felix F. , von Aspern Konstantin , Dhein Stefan , Mohr Friedrich-Wilhelm , Etz Christian D. 
Published: January 2014

Objective Paraplegia remains the most devastating complication after thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAA/A) repair. The collateral network (CN) concept of spinal cord perfusion suggests segmental artery (SA) occlusion to mobilize redundant intraspinal and paraspinal arterial sources and ultimately trigger arteriogenesis, leading to spinal cord blood flow restoration within 96 to 120 hours. This principle is used by the two-staged approach to TAA/A-repair—which has lead to an elimination of paraplegia in an experimental model. However, the clinical implementation of a two-staged surgical procedure is challenging, particularly in the absence of an appropriate vascular segment for a “staged” open anastomosis or an appropriate endovascular landing zone. Selective, transfemoral minimally invasive SA coil embolization (MISACE) could provide the solution for one-stage repair of extensive aortic pathologies by triggering arteriogenic CN preconditioning and thereby allowing for recruitment of otherwise redundant arterial collaterals to the spinal cord. Methods The feasibility of MISACE was explored in a single animal using an established piglet model. A 6F sheet was introduced via the femoral artery, and a 4F standard Judkins catheter was used for selective angiography and coil insertion. All thoracic and lumbar aortic SAs (15 pairs; Th4–L5) were successfully identified by dye injection. Pediatric platinum endovascular coils (Trufill Pushable Coils, 3 × 20 mm; Cordis, Waterloo, Belgium) were deployed to serially occlude the SA mimicking a CN preconditioning procedure. Results All intercostal (thoracic) and lumbar aortic SAs (Th4–L5) were successfully identified and occluded by coil embolization. Successful SA coil embolization was verified intraoperatively by selective dye injection on angiography. No intraoperative coil dislodgement occurred. Autopsy revealed complete occlusion of all embolized SAs enhanced by early local thrombus formation. Thrombotic material was found only distally to the coils. No SA dissection was observed at the aortic SA origins. Conclusions The MIS ACE technique allows for rapid serial endovascular occlusion of all thoracic and lumbar SAs. This new innovative approach bares the potential to CN preconditioning at the respective level of aortic pathology—to allow for adequate perioperative spinal cord blood supply—before conventional open or endovascular surgery. Selective, transarterial MISACE might lead to a dramatic reduction of ischemic spinal cord injury after open and endovascular TAA/A repair in the future.
Patriotism, the Great War and the Decline of Victorian Manliness
Authors: Fletcher Anthony 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article considers patriotism and manliness in a long chronology from the Victorian period to the 1930s. It begins with a discussion of Victorian manliness, built upon Christian gentility and Social Darwinism. It argues that the Great War activated traditional notions of patriotism but then tested them to the utmost. Nothing could prepare men adequately for the Western Front, where they learnt about fear and in a good many cases shell shock. Many displayed endurance, going through a process of psychic development. For those at home the ideology of heroism sufficed. It was in the aftermath of the war that the Victorian ideology of manliness was gradually transformed, as veterans wrote their memoirs and reflected upon how their masculinity had been created. If the Great War was the apotheosis of Victorian manhood, in its aftermath, during the 1920s and 1930s, survivors began to reconstruct their identity in the light of their experience as young men going to war.
The Effect of Response Scale, Administration Mode, and Format on Responses to the CAHPS Clinician and Group Survey
Authors: Drake Keith M. , Hargraves J. Lee , Lloyd Stephanie , Gallagher Patricia M. , Cleary Paul D. 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo examine how different response scales, methods of survey administration, and survey format affect responses to the CAHPS (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) Clinician and Group (CG‐CAHPS) survey.Study DesignA total of 6,500 patients from a university health center were randomly assigned to receive the following: standard 12‐page mail surveys using 4‐category or 6‐category response scales (on CG‐CAHPS composite items), telephone surveys using 4‐category or 6‐category response scales, or four‐page mail surveys.Principal FindingsA total of 3,538 patients completed surveys. Composite score means and provider‐level reliabilities did not differ between respondents receiving 4‐category or 6‐category response scale surveys or between 12‐page and four‐page mail surveys. Telephone respondents gave more positive responses than mail respondents.ConclusionsWe recommend using 4‐category response scales and the four‐page mail CG‐CAHPS survey.
Looking for the second patient: Current practice and opinion on pre‐operative pregnancy testing in Western Australia
Authors: Watts Jared C. , Wong Sabrina Z. , Faithfull Tiffany J. , Wylde Kate , McGurgan Paul M. 
Published: January 2014

IntroductionTo determine current hospital practices and the opinions of senior health professionals working in Western Australian (WA) hospitals performing gynaecological procedures regarding pre‐operative pregnancy testing.MethodsAnonymous questionnaire survey sent to all WA public and private hospitals' senior clinical staff (38 units where gynaecological surgery was performed in WA).ResultsSixty‐one senior health professionals (heads of department, medical directors, theatre nurse managers), completed the survey (estimated response rate 71%). Thirty‐eight (68%) of respondents' units had guidelines for pre‐operative pregnancy testing and 55% respondents worked in hospitals which tested all women of reproductive potential. Nineteen (33%) respondents reported cases in which patients had presented for surgery unaware they were pregnant. Forty‐one (76%) respondents believed that all women of reproductive potential should have routine pre‐operative pregnancy testing. Fifty‐four (89%) supported the introduction of national or statewide guidelines.DiscussionThere are inconsistent processes of pre‐operative assessment of pregnancy status in WA hospitals performing gynaecological surgery potentially resulting in adverse incidents. The majority of senior clinical staff surveyed supported routine pre‐operative testing and the need for national or statewide guidelines.
Differing asthma prevalence by gross national index of country of birth among New York City residents
Authors: Chang M. , Kelvin E. A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe hygiene hypothesis suggests that higher exposure to infectious agents may be one reason for regional differences in asthma. This would suggest that immigrants from less developed countries, where infections are more common, to highly developed countries will have lower risk of asthma compared with natives, as has been found in a number of studies. We expand the research on immigrants to look at the level of development in country of origin as a predictor of asthma in New York City residents.MethodsData came from the 2009 cross‐sectional Community Health Survey. We used logistic regression to assess the relationship of country of birth and the gross national income (GNI), an indicator of the level of development, of country of birth with asthma among immigrants and US‐born New York City residents.ResultsThose who were foreign born had lower odds of having asthma compared with those US born (OR = 0.43, P < 0.001). There was a dose relationship between GNI and asthma with decreasing odds of having asthma associated with lower GNI in country of birth (low GNI country: OR = 0.26, P = 0.014; middle GNI country: OR = 0.36, P < 0.001; and high GNI country = reference).ConclusionsThese findings lend support to the hygiene hypothesis in that the odds of having asthma among New York City residents was lowest among people born in the least developed countries, as indicated by GNI, where infections are likely the most common.
Guidelines for treatment of lice in sheep with long wool based on a model of the development of wool damage
Authors: Lucas PG , Horton BJ 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveThis study used a model of the development of wool damage caused by lice in long wool to examine the conditions under which treatment of the sheep is advisable on an economic basis.MethodsThe model uses the proportion of a flock showing visible signs of rubbing and the number of days until the next shearing to compare the cost of treatment (product plus labour) with production losses because of the reduction in wool value caused by lice. From the model output, guidelines are provided to inform producers of the most cost‐effective option for lice control.ResultsUnder normal conditions, if there are any signs of rubbing ≥140 days before shearing, then treatment was the best option. If signs of wool damage are not observed until there are ≤70 days before shearing, then the most cost‐effective option is to not treat at all. Between these two periods, the time period in which not treating is the most cost‐effective option decreases as the number of sheep visibly affected by lice increases. At higher wool values (A$70/head vs A$35), the option to treat is brought forward approximately 25 days, whereas at a low wool value (A$17.50/head) the period in which no treatment is the most cost‐effective is extended by approximately 25 days. Treating only the visibly affected sheep is the best option only for a very short time for all wool values and treatment costs.ConclusionThe model provides guidelines for control of lice in long wool to minimise the net cost of infestation and limit unnecessary pesticide use.
Application of a real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay to the diagnosis of bovine ephemeral fever during an outbreak in New South Wales and northern Victoria in 2009–10
Authors: Finlaison DS , Read AJ , Zhang J , Paskin R , Kirkland PD 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo report the occurrence of an epizootic of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) in New South Wales (NSW) and northern Victoria in 2009–10 and describe the application of a real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) assay during the outbreak.ProceduresWhole‐blood samples from animals exhibiting clinical signs of BEF were requested from district veterinarians in NSW. In addition, samples were submitted from private practitioners in NSW and Victoria. In NSW, samples from animals showing acute clinical signs of BEF were tested using a qRT‐PCR assay. Serological testing for BEF diagnosis was undertaken as required. Virus isolation was performed on selected samples in which bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) RNA was detected. Archival serum samples and mosquito homogenates were also tested for BEFV by qRT‐PCR.ResultsAccessions were received from 121 properties in NSW, with cases of BEF confirmed on 84 properties by qRT‐PCR and 20 properties by serology. In northern Victoria, BEF was confirmed on 25 properties based on serological testing. Screening of samples by qRT‐PCR enhanced the success of BEFV isolation. BEFV RNA was successfully detected in archival serum samples and a single mosquito homogenate.ConclusionsThe 2009–10 outbreak resulted in the most extensive transmission of BEFV in NSW and Victoria since 1995–96, and follows a smaller outbreak in summer‐autumn 2008. The use of qRT‐PCR for BEF diagnosis offers veterinarians and cattle owners rapid confirmation of infection (1–2 days) and provides ‘real‐time’ information about the presence of the disease in a district.
Cattle herd inspections and fly trapping for the detection of the Old World screw‐worm fly (Chrysomya bezziana)
Authors: Urech R , Muharsini S , Tozer RS , Sumartono  , Green PE , Brown GW , Spradbery JP , Mayer DG , Kan Y Tack , Kison A 
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesTo compare the sensitivity of inspections of cattle herds and adult fly trapping for detection of the Old World screw‐worm fly (OWS).ProceduresThe incidence of myiases on animals and the number of OWS trapped with LuciTrap®/Bezzilure were measured concurrently on cattle farms on Sumba Island (Indonesia) and in peninsular Malaysia (two separate periods for the latter). The numbers of animal inspections and traps required to achieve OWS detection at the prevalent fly densities were calculated.ResultsOn Sumba Island, with low‐density OWS populations, the sensitivity of herd inspections and of trapping for OWS detection was 0.30 and 0.85, respectively. For 95% confidence of detecting OWS, either 45 inspections of 74 animals or trapping with 5 sets of 4 LuciTraps for 14 days are required. In Malaysia, at higher OWS density, herd inspections of 600 animals (twice weekly, period 1) or 1600 animals (weekly, period 2) always detected myiases (sensitivity = 1), while trapping had sensitivities of 0.89 and 0.64 during periods 1 and 2, respectively. For OWS detection with 95% confidence, fewer than 600 and 1600 animals or 2 and 6 LuciTraps are required in periods 1 and 2, respectively.ConclusionsInspections of cattle herds and trapping with LuciTrap and Bezzilure can detect OWS populations. As a preliminary guide for OWS detection in Australia, the numbers of animals and traps derived from the Sumba Island trial should be used because the prevailing conditions better match those of northern Australia.
Community ontogeny at the roadside: Critical life‐cycle events throughout a sequential process of primary colonization
Authors: Magro Sandra , Jiménez María Dolores , Casado Miguel Angel , Mola Ignacio , Arenas Juan Maria , Martín‐Duque Jose Francisco , Vazquez Ana , Balaguer Luis 
Published: January 2014

AbstractQuestionsHow does the response to environmental filters change across the life cycle of pioneer plants through the early process of community assembly? Is there a threshold at any of the life‐history stages during roadcut primary colonization?LocationA very steep, sun‐exposed, low‐fertility and low water retention roadcut in a Mediterranean continental site inMadrid, centralSpain.MethodsWe tracked density of individuals, plant cover, species richness and community composition throughout the sequential process of primary colonization of a newly‐exposed roadcut surface. We monitored from seed arrival to seedling emergence, seedling survival and plant growth across species over two growing seasons. We manipulated the intensity of environmental filters in 12 experimental plots (10 × 8 m) following a full‐factorial design of two treatments (topsoil spreading and shallow tillage).ResultsThe response to environmental filter manipulation varied throughout the individual life cycle. Under an equal seed rain, the higher carrying capacity caused by topsoil spreading gave rise to the emergence of a larger number of species, which either persisted or occasionally appeared in some of the stages of the early community assembly. Further, topsoil spreading enhanced seedling survival across species, as well as subsequent plant growth. We therefore detected two life‐history stages acting as thresholds in plant community assembly due to an ontogenetic niche shift across species. The first, at seedling emergence, in response to environmental cues with lasting consequences in community composition and species richness; and the second, at the transition to the adult stage in response to local resource availability, with consequences in subsequent plant growth and community cover.ConclusionsDuring primary colonization, ontogenetic development of pioneers was paralleled by the action of environmental filters throughout the community assembly process. On roadcuts, the confluence of both processes gives rise to a community ontogeny marked by two thresholds determining community richness and cover under Mediterranean conditions. Our findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms involved in technical solutions, such as topsoil spreading, and provide a more efficient approach to roadside restoration.
H2B ubiquitylation modulates spliceosome assembly and function in budding yeast
Authors: Hérissant Lucas , Moehle Erica A. , Bertaccini Diego , Van Dorsselaer Alain , Schaeffer‐Reiss Christine , Guthrie Christine , Dargemont Catherine 
Published: January 2014

Background informationCommitment to splicing occurs co‐transcriptionally, but a major unanswered question is the extent to which various modifications of chromatin, the template for transcription in vivo, contribute to the regulation of splicing.ResultsHere, we perform genome‐wide analyses showing that inhibition of specific marks – H2B ubiquitylation, H3K4 methylation and H3K36 methylation – perturbs splicing in budding yeast, with each modification exerting gene‐specific effects. Furthermore, semi‐quantitative mass spectrometry on purified nuclear mRNPs and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis on intron‐containing genes indicated that H2B ubiquitylation, but not Set1‐, Set2‐ or Dot1‐dependent H3 methylation, stimulates recruitment of the early splicing factors, namely U1 and U2 snRNPs, onto nascent RNAs.ConclusionsThese results suggest that histone modifications impact splicing of distinct subsets of genes using distinct pathways.
An integrated subsurface analysis of clastic remobilization and injection; a case study from the Oligocene succession of the eastern North Sea
Authors: Andresen K. J. , Clausen O. R. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe North Sea giant sand injectite province (NSGSIP) is the global type area for large‐scale sandstone intrusion complexes. Despite decades of research on the NSGSIP, this paper presents the first detailed case study in which all aspects of the intrusion process have been constrained, including fluid and sediment sources, injection timing and driving mechanisms. The study describes and analyses high‐amplitude discordant amplitude anomalies within the Oligocene succession in the eastern North Sea, which are interpreted as large‐scale brine‐saturated sand injectites. Potential feeder conduits extending from the top of the Paleocene Lista Formation to the base of the injectites indicate that the source sand was located within the Lista Formation; possibly deposited in a distinct valley cut into the top of the Chalk Group. The geometry of the observed injectites ranges from a basal sill with wings to V‐shaped and conical; their dimensions range from 300 to 3700 m in width and up to 150 m in height. In all cases, a significant deformation of the overburden is observed. The study area is located in the Ringkøbing‐Fyn High area above the basement high separating two smaller Paleozoic half‐grabens. During the Oligocene, rapid and significant differential loading occurred. We interpret that the injectites formed due to remobilization of the source sand facilitated by overpressure caused by differential loading combined with a possible influx of fluids from the deeper succession. The case study has with its assessment of the full injection system, implications for the understanding of subsurface remobilization processes and furthermore for oil and gas exploration in the eastern North Sea.
Planning in Middle Childhood: Early Predictors and Later Outcomes
Authors: Friedman Sarah L. , Scholnick Ellin K. , Bender Randall H. , Vandergrift Nathan , Spieker Susan , Hirsh Pasek Kathy , Keating Daniel P. , Park Yoonjung ,   The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network
Published: January 2014

Data from 1,364 children and families who participated in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were analyzed to track the early correlates and later academic outcomes of planning during middle childhood. Maternal education, through its effect on parenting quality when children were 54 months old, predicts their concurrent performance on sustained attention, inhibition, and short‐term verbal memory tests. This performance predicts planning in first grade, which predicts third‐grade reading and mathematics attainment, but not the rate of growth in academic skills from first to fifth grades. This path was also found when the same parenting, cognitive, and academic constructs were measured at later time points.
Associations of number of teeth with risks for all‐cause mortality and cause‐specific mortality in middle‐aged and elderly men in the northern part of Japan: the Iwate‐KENCO study
Authors: Ando Ayumi , Tanno Kozo , Ohsawa Masaki , Onoda Toshiyuki , Sakata Kiyomi , Tanaka Fumitaka , Makita Shinji , Nakamura Motoyuki , Omama Shinichi , Ogasawara Kuniaki , Ishibashi Yasuhiro , Kuribayashi Toru , Koyama Tomiko , Itai Kazuyoshi , Ogawa Akira , Okayama Akira 
Published: January 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the associations of number of teeth with all‐cause mortality and cause‐specific mortality among middle‐aged and elderly Japanese men.MethodsA total of 7779 men aged 40–79 years who were free from cardiovascular disease (CVD) were followed up prospectively for 5.6 years. Participants were categorized into four groups (no teeth, 1–9 teeth, 10–19 teeth, and ≥20 teeth) by a self‐administered questionnaire. Using Cox's proportional hazard model, multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality from all causes, CVD, cancer, and noncancer, non‐CVD according to number of teeth were estimated with adjustments for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total‐ and HDL‐cholesterol, HbA1c, current smoking, current alcohol drinking, and low level of education.ResultsThe numbers (proportions) of participants with no teeth, 1–9 teeth, 10–19 teeth, and ≥20 teeth were 1613 (20.7%), 1650 (21.2%), 1721 (22.1%), and 2795 (35.9%), respectively. During follow‐up, a total of 455 deaths (including 175 deaths from cancer, 98 deaths from CVD, and 130 deaths from noncancer, non‐CVD) were recorded. In total participants, an inverse relationship between number of teeth and all‐cause mortality was found (P for trend = 0.049). Among men aged 40–64 years, inverse relationships were also found in risks for mortality from all causes, CVD, and cancer: multivariate‐adjusted HRs (95% CI) for all‐cause mortality in men with no teeth, 1–9 teeth, and 10–19 teeth relative to men with ≥20 teeth were 2.75 (1.37–5.49), 1.89 (0.99–3.63), and 1.94 (1.09–3.43), respectively. However, there were no associations of number of teeth with all‐cause mortality and cause‐specific mortality among men aged 65–79 years.ConclusionsThe number of teeth is an important predictive factor for mortality among middle‐aged Japanese men.
A Weighted Delaunay Triangulation Framework for Merging Triangulations in a Connectivity Oblivious Fashion
Authors: Silva Luis F. , Scheidegger Luiz F. , Etiene Tiago , Comba João L. D. , Nonato Luis G. , Silva Cláudio T. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSimplicial meshes are useful as discrete approximations of continuous spaces in numerical simulations. In some applications, however, meshes need to be modified over time. Mesh update operations are often expensive and brittle, making the simulations unstable. In this paper we propose a framework for updating simplicial meshes that undergo geometric and topological changes. Instead of explicitly maintaining connectivity information, we keep a collection of weights associated with mesh vertices, using a Weighted Delaunay Triangulation (WDT). These weights implicitly define mesh connectivity and allow direct merging of triangulations. We propose two formulations for computing the weights, and two techniques for merging triangulations, and finally illustrate our results with examples in two and three dimensions.