bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of serum from uremic patients on erythropoietin
Authors: Wallner Stephen F. , Kurnick John E. , Vautrin Rita , Ward Harry P. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSerum from patients with chronic renal failure (CRF serum) contains a substance inhibitory to erythropoiesis in vitro. This paper explores the mechanism of the inhibition. Four experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of CRF serum on erythropoietin (EP). In the first 2 experiments, the effect of exposure of EP solutions to CRF serum was evaluated using the plethoric mouse EP assay system and a tissue culture system containing normal dog marrow cells. In the third study, dog marrow cells were preincubated with CRF serum before being stimulated with EP. Finally, EP‐dose response curves were constructed in the dog marrow tissue culture system and analyzed using an enzyme kinetic model. The results show no evidence of inhibition or inactivation of EP by CRF serum, although in vitro heme synthesis is clearly depressed in the presence of CRF serum. We conclude that CRF serum inhibits erythropoiesis by directly, although reversibly, impairing the ability of erythroblasts to synthesize heme.
Leukocyte colony‐forming cells in the peripheral blood of children with hereditary spherocytosis
Authors: Weetman Robert M. , Altman Arnold J. , Rierden W. Joseph , Grosfeld Jay L. , Baehner Robert L. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIncreased numbers of committed leukocyte precursor cells were observed in the peripheral blood of children with hereditary spherocytosis in a study that made use of the in vitro leukocyte colony‐forming technique. Five children with hereditary spherocytosis had increased numbers of peripheral blood colony‐forming unit cells (CFUc) before splenectomy (range 8.7‐27.2 CFUc/106 cells/plate; normal range 0‐5 CFUc/106 cells/plate), but no CFUc were found 24‐120 hours after splenectomy. Six additional cases of hereditary spherocytosis (presplenectomy) had increased CFUc in their peripheral blood (range 7.5‐61.3 CFUc/106 cells/plate). Three patients with other hemolytic anemias associated with increased hematopoietic activity also had increased peripheral blood CFUc values. Five cases of hereditary spherocytosis were studied two or more months after splenectomy and generally had normal numbers of CFUc in their blood (range 0‐6.4 CFUc per 106 cells/plate). In all spleens there was evidence of extramedullary hematopoiesis. Four patients with elliptocytosis and one patient with hereditary spherocytosis, all with intact spleens, had normal numbers of peripheral blood CFUc. These studies document increased peripheral blood CFUc in hereditary spherocytosis with hemolytic anemia of moderate severity and implicate the degree of hematopoietic stress as a factor in the regulation of increased CFUc emerging from the bone marrow in these patients. As an indicator of hematopoietic stress, an elevated reticulocyte count may reflect to some degree the presence of increased CFUc circulating in the peripheral blood of unsplenectomized hereditary spherocytosis patients.
The serological detection of leukemia‐associated antigens in chronic leukemia: Correlation with disease status
Authors: Pollack Marilyn S. , Slimp Gwen H. , Sokal Joseph E. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractChanges in the expression of leukemia‐associated antigens (LAA) on the peripheral blood cells of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) were monitored over a period of several months with a battery of heterologous antisera in a complement‐dependent microcytotoxicity test system. The sera were prepared by immunization of rabbits and monkeys with human CLL, CML, or acute lymphoblastic, myeloblastic, or myelomonocytic leukemic cells, or cell extracts. Following extensive adsorption with normal human erythrocytes and leukocytes, these sera did not exhibit reactivity with peripheral blood monuclear cells, nor, in most cases, with enriched B‐lymphocyte preparations from healthy donors. Cells from CLL patients reacted mainly with adsorbed antisera raised against lymphocytic leukemic cells, but there was significant cross‐reactivity with antisera raised against myelomonocytic leukemia cells; the number and intensity of positive reactions correlated with leukemic cell counts. Cells from patients in the chronic stage of CML reacted almost exclusively with adsorbed antisera to myeloid leukemic cells. However, blastic transformation of CML was regularly accompanied and on one occasion preceded by the appearance of reactivity with antisera to lymphocytic leukemic cells. During remission, peripheral blood cells from most CML patients were LAA‐negative; positive serologic reactions were often followed by major hematologic and clinical deterioration within a few months. These observations suggest that serological monitoring of LAA may represent a useful adjunct to present methods of evaluating the course and prognosis of chronic leukemias. Serological reactions may also have some utility in the differential diagnosis of leukemia.
The value of reverse banding in detecting bone marrow chromosomal abnormalities: Translocation between chromosomes 1, 9, and 22 in a case of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
Authors: Verma Ram S. , Dosik Harvey 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA case of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with complex chromosomal abnormalities is reported. Conventional staining techniques indicated incorrectly that the Ph1 chromosome was not present. These studies showed a 46, XY,‐1,+C karyotype in all bone marrow cells. Employing RFA (R bands by fluorescence using acridine orange) technique it was clear that the part of the long arm of chromosome 1 (lq23→qter) was missing and the tip of the long arm chromosome 22 (band q22) was translocated to it. The missing long arm of chromosome 1 was translocated to the long arm of chromosome 9. Furthermore, there was a break at band 9q22 and the whole terminal part was lost. The value of RFA technique is discussed.
Penicillin‐induced immunohemolytic anemia associated with circulating immune complexes
Authors: Funicella T. , Weinger R. S. , Moake J. L. , Spruell M. , Rossen R. D. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractEleven days after administration of multiple penicillin analogs, a 55‐year‐old female developed a Coombs‐positive hemolytic anemia. The patient's erythrocytes were coated with IgG, complement components (C4/C3) and her serum contained elevated 125I‐Clq binding activity (a measure of the presence of immune complexes). Her serum, in the presence of fresh complement and penicillin, induced complement sensitization of normal erythrocytes. Immune complex‐mediated complement activation and the haptene type of erythrocyte sensitization accounted for accelerated red blood cell destruction in this patient.
The use of filtration techniques for the lysis and study of red blood cells
Authors: Hultquist Donald E. , Vasko Michael R. , Gray Robert H. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA filtration technique for the gentle lysis of erythrocytes has been developed using cellulose triacetate membranes. When cell suspensions are filtered under nitrogen pressure, lysis occurs at the surface of the filter in such a way that the cell ghosts are retained on the filter. The contents of the cell are extruded through the pores of the filter without mixing with the cell suspension. Cell ghosts and intact erythrocytes have been collected on membranes and examined by electron microscopy. These preparations have the advantage of being free of the structural artifacts that result from centrifugation. In addition, the filter facilitates preparation for electron microscopy by providing a support for the sample during fixation and then dissolving during the dehydration of the sample.
Room‐temperature carbon–sulfur bond formation from Ni(II) σ‐aryl complex via cleavage of the S–S bond of disulfide moieties
Authors: Okamoto Ken , Housekeeper Jeremy B. , Luscombe Christine K. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe formation of ArSY (Y: C(= S)NMe2, Ph, P(= O)(OEt)2) by reductive elimination from σ‐aryl complexes (M(PPh3)2PhBr, M = Ni, Pd), associated with disulfides (YS−SY, Y: C(=S)NMe2 (1), Ph (2), P(=O)(OEt)2 (3)), at ambient temperature, has been investigated. Various mechanistic features of disulfide bond (S−S) cleavage have been elucidated using disulfide 1 by 31P NMR spectroscopy and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight mass spectrometric investigations. Based upon the results of nucleophilic cleavage of the S−S bond by PPh3, studies of the reductive elimination process show that when M(PPh3)2PhBr is mixed with disulfide 1, competitive reactions occur between the PPh3 ligand, disulfide 1 and a trace amount of water, leading to low C−S coupling yields; an oxidation reaction of PPh3 with disulfide and water occur prior to C−S cross‐coupling, and phosphonium ion intermediates are likely involved. However, when the disulfide 1 is pretreated with PPh3, the Ni(II) σ‐aryl complex affords the C−S coupling product nearly quantitatively at room temperature. The pretreatment method is also effective for the coupling reaction of disulfide 2 and Ni(II) σ‐aryl complex. The difference between Ni(II) and Pd(II) σ‐aryl complexes on C−S bond formation by reductive elimination can be explained by the affinity of metal for the thiolate ligands derived from the cleaved disulfide. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
UV Irradiation‐induced crosslinking of aqueous solution of poly(ethylene oxide) with benzophenone as initiator
Authors: Teixeira Raquel S. P. , Correa Rodrigo José , Belvino Alan , Nascimento Regina S. V. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe development of a water‐based polymer system that could be photocrosslinked during the drilling of fragile formations could be of a great interest. In this context, aqueous solutions of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) were photocrosslinked by ultraviolet radiation in the presence of benzophenone (BP). The photochemical crosslinking reaction showed a rate constant of 1 × 1012 L mol−1 s−1, indicating the formation of a complex between the reactants. The crosslinked PEO was fully characterized showing an yield dependency on the irradiation time, concentration of benzophenone, and on the presence of oxygen. During the study of the effect of BP concentration, it was observed that low concentrations and the presence of oxygen favor chain scission, while crosslinking was the dominant effect at higher BP concentrations. The storage modulus (G′) value for some of the materials was found to be higher than the loss module (G″) suggesting a predominantly elastic solid‐like behavior which was corroborated by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2458–2467, 2013
Characterization and Properties of Reactive Poly(lactic acid)/Polyamide 610 Biomass Blends
Authors: Pai Fang‐Cheng , Lai Sun‐Mou , Chu Hou‐Hsein 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTA low molecular weight bisphenol‐A type epoxy resin was used as a reactive compatibilizer for poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/polyamide 610 (PA 610) biomass blends. To the best of our knowledge, this blend is the first biomass PA 610 blend in the literature. The epoxy functional groups could react with the terminal groups of both PLA and PA 610. An ester–amide interchange reaction led to a polyester–polyamide copolymer formation, and improved the compatibility of PLA and PA 610. The blends with epoxy resin showed an enhancement in the phase dispersion and interfacial adhesion compared with the blend without epoxy resin. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the crystallization peak temperatures decreased with increasing epoxy content. The melting temperature of PA 610 decreased with the addition of PLA, but remained unchanged with increased compatibilizer dosages. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the blend, with the addition of 0.5 phr epoxy resin, slightly increased compared with that of neat PLA. However, the Tg of the blends remained unchanged with increasing epoxy resin content, and the higher content of epoxy resin in the blends resulted in improved mechanical properties and higher melt viscosity. The unnotched impact test showed that PA 610 could toughen PLA with the addition of epoxy resin. Moreover, the no‐break unnotched impact behavior was observed with the medium content of the compatibilizer, improving the notch sensitivity of PLA. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2563–2571, 2013
A soft‐computing cyclone intensity prediction scheme for the Western North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Sharma Neerja , Ali M. M. , Knaff John A. , Chand Purna 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA soft‐computing cyclone intensity prediction scheme (SCIPS) is introduced using an artificial neural network (ANN) approach and adding ocean heat content, as an additional predictor to the normally used atmospheric parameters, to predict tropical cyclone intensity change in the western north Pacific Ocean. We used 1997–2004 data to develop and validate this scheme. The ANN‐based estimations have been compared with observations and estimations using the multiple linear regression (MLR). SCIPS performance improves upon MLR as the lead hour increases from 12 to 120 h and also for high intensifying cyclones.
Luminescent complexes of terbium ion for molecular recognition of ibuprofen
Authors: Selivanova Natalia , Vasilieva Kristina , Galyametdinov Yury 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe complexation behavior and luminescent properties of terbium (Tb3+) complexes containing bi‐dental ligands were studied: nitrogen – 1,10‐phenanthroline, and oxygen – trifluoroacetylacetone as well as acetylacetone ligands with ibuprofen (Ibu; a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug). Aqueous and aqueous alcohol microheterogeneous solutions were used as media. The effects of solubilization by various micellar solutions, pH and ligand type on luminescent properties of Tb3+ complexes were investigated. Sensitized luminescence of mixed ligand complex Tb(1,10‐phenanthroline)‐Ibu and dynamic quenching effect in complex Tb(trifluoroacetylacetone)3‐Ibu allow Ibu determination with the limit of detection 5.3 × 10–8 mol/L and 1.26 × 10–6 mol/L, respectively. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disruption of the L‐arabitol dehydrogenase encoding gene in Aspergillus tubingensis results in increased xylanase production
Authors: Nikolaev Igor , Farmer Hansen Sara , Madrid Susan , de Vries Ronald P. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractFungal xylanases are of major importance to many industrial sectors, such as food and feed, paper and pulp, and biofuels. Improving their production is therefore highly relevant. We determined the molecular basis of an improved xylanase‐producing strain of Aspergillus tubingensis that was generated by UV mutagenesis in an industrial strain improvement program. Using enzyme assays, gene expression, sequencing of the ladA locus in the parent and mutant, and complementation of the mutation, we were able to show that improved xylanase production was mainly caused by a chromosomal translocation that occurred between a subtilisin‐like protease pepD gene and the L‐arabitol dehydrogenase encoding gene (ladA), which is part of the L‐arabinose catabolic pathway. This genomic rearrangement resulted in disruption of both genes and, as a consequence, the inability of the mutant to use L‐arabinose as a carbon source, while growth on D‐xylose was unaffected. Complementation with constitutively expressed ladA confirmed that the xylanase overproducing phenotype was mainly caused by loss of ladA function, while a knockout of xlnR in the UV mutant demonstrated that improved xylanase production was mediated by XlnR. This study demonstrates the potential of metabolic manipulation for increased production of fungal enzymes.
Mid‐infrared spectroscopy‐based antibody aggregate quantification in cell culture fluids
Authors: Capito Florian , Skudas Romas , Kolmar Harald , Hunzinger Christian 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTherapeutic antibody purification involves several steps which potentially induce antibody aggregation. Currently, aggregate monitoring mainly employs chromatographic, SDS‐PAGE and light scattering techniques. In this study, the feasibility of mid‐infrared spectroscopy (MIR) for the quantification of soluble antibody aggregates was investigated. Several multivariate models were evaluated to quantify antibody aggregation in chromatography elution streams and in clarified CHO cell culture supernatants (a surrogate for bioreactor output). A general model was established that is applicable for aggregate quantification directly from different cell culture solutions. Real‐process samples and process‐sample mimics were used to verify the general aggregate quantification model using two different antibodies. Results showed good prediction ability down to 1% aggregate content. Together with recently published results using MIR for host cell protein and target protein quantification, the results presented here indicate that MIR could provide multi‐parameter process information from a single, fast, cost‐effective and straightforward measurement. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that MIR is suitable for aggregate quantification in therapeutic antibody purification processes.
Computational Approaches to the Chemical Conversion of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Cheng Daojian , Negreiros Fabio R. , Aprà Edoardo , Fortunelli Alessandro 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe conversion of CO2 into fuels and chemicals is viewed as an attractive route for controlling the atmospheric concentration and recycling of this greenhouse gas, but its industrial application is limited by the low selectivity and activity of the current catalysts. Theoretical modeling, in particular density functional theory (DFT) simulations, provides a powerful and effective tool to discover chemical reaction mechanisms and design new catalysts for the chemical conversion of CO2, overcoming the repetitious and time/labor consuming trial‐and‐error experimental processes. In this article we give a comprehensive survey of recent advances on mechanism determination by DFT calculations for the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 into CO, CH4, CH3OH, and HCOOH, and CO2 methanation, as well as the photo‐ and electrochemical reduction of CO2. DFT‐guided design procedures of new catalytic systems are also reviewed, and challenges and perspectives in this field are outlined.
Method development for determination of (+)‐catechin and (−)‐epicatechin by micellar electrokinetic chromatography: Annual characterization of field grown blackberries
Authors: Piovezan Marcel , García‐Seco Daniel , Micke Gustavo Amadeu , Gutiérrez‐Mañero Javier , Ramos‐Solano Beatriz 
Published: May 2013

Berries are a rich source of antioxidants compounds, among which is the catechin group. Determination of the monomers (catechin and epicatechin) in fruits is a first step in the way to establish a relationship between polyphenols and their effects on human health. The purpose of this work is to develop a method to determine free catechins in blackberry by MEKC and to characterize levels of catechins in fresh fruits of Rubus fruticosus var. Lochness throughout the annual production period. A methanolic extract was prepared from fresh fruit. Then, it was evaporated and the residue was extracted with diethyl ether. MEKC conditions: phosphoric acid, 30 mmol/L; SDS, 40 mmol/L and triethylamine, 0.1% v/v at pH 2.3; −15 kV of voltage; 10‐s hydrodynamic injection; 25°C temperature; and detection at 200 nm. Instrumental and interday precision were lower than 4.7 and 10% RSD, respectively. Only (−)‐epicatechin was quantified in blackberries and ranged from 120 to 620 mg/kg fresh weight, which were the lowest values in December and the highest in June. A solid–liquid extraction and an MEKC method were successfully applied to determine (−)‐epicatechins in blackberry for the first time. A strong dependence of (−)‐epicatechin on the annual average temperature was observed.
Characterization of engineered biochar for soil management
Authors: Mayer Zsuzsa A. , Eltom Yousif , Stennett Dwayne , Schröder Elisabeth , Apfelbacher Andreas , Hornung Andreas 
Published: May 2013

Pyrolysis is an energy conversion technology which by heating organic materials in the absence of oxygen, produces liquid, gaseous, and solid fuel products. Biochar, the solid product, can also be used as a soil amendment and, simultaneously, enables us to sequester carbon in the soil.By controlling the pyrolysis process, it is possible to engineer biochar suitable for the remediation of specific soil management problems. This research uses a characterization method more suited to producing biochar for soil amendment purposes than the existing biochar fuel characterization standards.This is the first research to use wastewater irrigated willow as a pyrolysis feedstock. The extensive characterization of biochar produced over a range of temperatures (410–810°C) yielded data on key properties relevant to soil under management: low surface area (1.4 to 5.4 m2/g), low bulk density (0.15–0.18 g/cm3), high pH values (7.8–9.4) and high water‐holding capacity (1.8 to 4.3 cm3/g). Extraction experiments demonstrated low bioavailability of char nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg).This research also studied this artificial nitrogen cycle of pyrolysis: nitrogen accumulated in the wood from the wastewater and high levels of nitrogen remained in the biochar in a stable form not directly available to plants. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 33: 490–496, 2014
Betamethasone in hernia surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Simsa J. , Magnusson N. , Hedberg M. , Lorentz T. , Gunnarsson U. , Sandblom G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackground: Post‐operative pain and nausea may be a problem in day‐case surgery. This study aims to investigate the effect of betamethasone on pain and nausea in inguinal hernia surgery.Methods: Patients aged 18–70 years scheduled for open inguinal hernia surgery at two Swedish hospitals, March 2005–December 2009, were eligible for inclusion. Patients were randomized, to either treatment with 12 mg betamethasone intravenously or placebo. Post‐operative pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale on the recovery ward, each day the first post‐operative week and at 1 month after surgery. One year after surgery, residual pain was estimated by the Inguinal Pain Questionnaire.Results: A total of 398 patients were included (21 women, 377 men).Pain at rest on the day of surgery was significantly lower in the treatment group (p = 0.012). The pain was also significantly lower in the treatment group the day after surgery (p < 0.001), but not during the remaining part of the first post‐operative week. Bleeding complications were reported by 17 patients (8.5%) in the Betamethasone group and seven (3.5%) in the placebo group (p = 0.028).One month after surgery, 21 out of 173 (12%) in the betamethasone group still had pain, compared to 33 out of 159 (21%) in the placebo arm (p = 0.049). After 1 year, no significant difference in pain was seen.Conclusion: A 12 mg betamethasone reduced pain during the first 24 h and at 1 month after inguinal hernia surgery. If combined with diclofenac, however, this dose may increase the risk for bleeding complications.