bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural learning control for sampled‐data nonlinear systems based on Euler approximation and first‐order filter
Authors: Liang Dengxiang , Wang Min 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe primary focus of this research paper is to explore the realm of dynamic learning in sampled‐data strict‐feedback nonlinear systems (SFNSs) by leveraging the capabilities of radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs) under the framework of adaptive control. First, the exact discrete‐time model of the continuous‐time system is expressed as an Euler strict‐feedback model with a sampling approximation error. We provide the consistency condition that establishes the relationship between the exact model and the Euler model with meticulous detail. Meanwhile, a novel lemma is derived to show the stability condition of a digital first‐order filter. To address the non‐causality issues of SFNSs with sampling approximation error and the input data dimension explosion of NNs, the auxiliary digital first‐order filter and backstepping technology are combined to propose an adaptive neural dynamic surface control (ANDSC) scheme. Such a scheme avoids the ‐step time delays associated with the existing NN updating laws derived by the common ‐step predictor technology. A rigorous recursion method is employed to provide a comprehensive verification of the stability, guaranteeing its overall performance and dependability. Following that, the NN weight error systems are systematically decomposed into a sequence of linear time‐varying subsystems, allowing for a more detailed analysis and understanding. In order to ensure the recurrent nature of the input variables, a recursive design is employed, thereby satisfying the partial persistent excitation condition specifically designed for the RBF NNs. Meanwhile, it can verify that the NN estimated weights converge to their ideal values. Compared with the common ‐step predictor technology, there is no need to redesign the learning rules due to the designed NN weight updating laws without time delays. Subsequently, after capturing and storing the convergence weights, a novel neural learning dynamic surface control (NLDSC) scheme is specifically formulated by leveraging the acquired knowledge. The introduced methodology reduces computational complexity and facilitates practical implementation. Finally, empirical evidence obtained from simulation experiments validates the efficacy and viability of the proposed methodology.
Exploring how museums can support science teacher leaders as boundary spanners
Authors: Porter Sara C. , Phillips Michelle , Stallings Sarah , Worsley Ti'Era 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLocal implementation of science reform efforts in part relies on science teacher leaders (STLs) to improve science instruction in classrooms and beyond. The lack of science‐specific professional learning resources drives STLs to act as boundary spanners to locate resources outside their local context to fill that gap. Museums and other informal science education centers are examples of external entities that STLs might leverage to locate resources for local science education improvement. While we know how museums support pre‐ and in‐service science teachers, there is a gap in our understanding related to museum support for STLs. Here, we used case study research methods to analyze how a museum‐based professional learning programme supported STLs, as boundary spanners to access and adapt resources for local science education reform efforts. We found that each STL reported benefiting from shared resources from the museum, as well as from their peers in their working groups. We also found that STLs reported on different elements of the professional learning programme related to their area of influence (classroom or district) and the problem of practice their group worked on. We discuss how each of the named features of the museum‐based professional learning programme supported boundary spanning of STLs and end with implications and recommendations for the design of professional learning experiences to support their leadership work.
Small Intestinal Submucosa Hydrogel Loaded With Gastrodin for the Repair of Achilles Tendinopathy
Authors: Zhang Xiqian , Li Mei , Mao Xufeng , Yao Zheyu , Zhu Weilai , Yuan Zheyang , Gao Xiang , Pan Senghao , Zhang Yijun , Zhao Jiyuan , Mao Haijiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAchilles tendinopathy (AT) is an injury caused by overuse of the Achilles tendon or sudden force on the Achilles tendon, with a considerable inflammatory infiltrate. As Achilles tendinopathy progresses, inflammation and inflammatory factors affect the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the tendon. Gastrodin(Gas), the main active ingredient of Astrodia has anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti‐apoptotic properties. The small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is a naturally decellularized extracellular matrix(dECM)material and has a high content of growth factors as well as good biocompatibility. However, the reparative effects of SIS and Gas on Achilles tendinopathy and their underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, it is found that SIS hydrogel loaded with gastrodin restored the mechanical strength of the Achilles tendon, facilitated ECM remodeling, and restored ordered collagen arrangement by promoting the translocation of protein synthesis. It also decreases the expression of inflammatory factors and reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells by inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway. It is believed that through further research, Gas + SIS may be used in the future for the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy and other Achilles tendon injury disorders.
Suppressing Surface Oxidation of Pyrite FeS2 by Cobalt Doping in Lithium Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Men Xinliang , Deng Teng , Chen Liping , Che Jiangxuan , Wang Jia , Wang Juan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries have emerged as a promising energy storage device due to ultra‐high theoretical capacity, but the slow kinetics of sulfur and polysulfide shuttle hinder the batteries' further development. Here, the 10% cobalt‐doped pyrite iron disulfide electrocatalyst deposited on acetylene black as a separator coating in lithium‐sulfur batteries is reported. The adsorption rate to the intermediate Li2S6 is significantly improved while surface oxidation of FeS2 is inhibited: iron oxide and sulfate, thus avoiding FeS2 electrocatalyst deactivation. The electrocatalytic activity has been evaluated in terms of electronic resistivity, lithium‐ion diffusion, liquid‐liquid, and liquid‐solid conversion kinetics. The coin batteries exhibit ultra‐long cycle life at 1 C with an initial capacity of 854.7 mAh g−1 and maintained at 440.8 mAh g−1 after 920 cycles. Furthermore, the separator is applied to a laminated pouch battery with a sulfur mass of 326 mg (3.7 mg cm−2) and retained the capacity of 590 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C after 50 cycles. This work demonstrates that FeS2 electrocatalytic activity can be improved when Co‐doped FeS2 suppresses surface oxidation and provides a reference for low‐cost separator coating design in pouch batteries.
Scoping review exploring the evidence base on Vitis vinifera toxicity in dogs after ingestion: Clinical effects, treatments and types of V. vinifera
Authors: Downs Joshua , Zoltowska Agnieszka , Hackney Thomas , Gardner David S. , Ashmore Alison , Brennan Marnie L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of Vitis vinifera fruit (VVF) ingestion can be challenging due to no clear toxic dose, signalment factors and variable clinical signs. Current treatment guidance is generalised: decontamination, aggressive fluid therapy, monitoring and/or treatment of renal dysfunction. The objective of this study was to conduct a scoping review of scientific evidence regarding the ingestion of VVF in dogs. Three primary areas were reviewed: VVF types ingested, clinical signs reported and treatments given. The inclusion criterion was any paper presenting data on clinical signs or treatments of dogs that had ingested VVF (unprocessed VVF only).MethodsThe following databases were searched: CAB Abstracts, Medline, Embase and Scopus. No limits were placed on language or date. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology.ResultsTwenty‐four papers were identified. A wide range of VVF types were ingested, but the toxic dose was difficult to ascertain. The most commonly reported signs were gastrointestinal, renal, neurological and haematological. Treatment commonly consisted of fluid therapy, diuretics and antiemetics.LimitationsThis scoping review neither explored cases of processed VVF ingestion nor did it chart laboratory findings; therefore, potentially clinically significant findings in these areas may have been missed.ConclusionsVVF ingestion typically causes gastrointestinal/renal dysfunction, with no clear toxicity attributable to VVF type. Treatments varied according to the presence/absence of clinical signs, and the prognosis was varied. Further research on current treatment efficacy is warranted, permitting an evidence‐based, risk–benefit approach to be adopted by clinicians.
Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of unilateral thalamic porencephaly in a dog
Authors: Oliveira Ana Maria , Marioni‐Henry Katia , Israeliantz Nicolas , Schwarz Tobias , Madden Megan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA 1‐year‐3‐month‐old, female, neutered labrador retriever was presented with a history of circling behaviour since 2 months of age and a recently detected blindness affecting its right eye. Neurological examination revealed a left‐sided head tilt, compulsive tight circling towards the left, postural reaction deficits in the right thoracic and pelvic limbs, absent menace response in the right eye and ventral positional strabismus of the left eye. The neurological examination findings were localised to the left thalamus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed porencephaly involving the left dorsal aspect of the thalamus. Furthermore, reduced volume of the left rostral colliculus, crus cerebri and optic chiasm, alongside marked thinning of the left cerebral hemispheric white matter tracts with associated left lateral ventriculomegaly, were present. Based on magnetic resonance imaging features and clinical history, a congenital or perinatal encephaloclastic porencephaly with secondary hypoplasia or atrophy of the associated thalamic projection pathways was prioritised.
Synthetic antibodies for accelerated RNA crystallography
Authors: DasGupta Saurja 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRNA structure is crucial to a wide range of cellular processes. The intimate relationship between macromolecular structure and function necessitates the determination of high‐resolution structures of functional RNA molecules. X‐ray crystallography is the predominant technique used for macromolecular structure determination; however, solving RNA structures has been more challenging than their protein counterparts, as reflected in their poor representation in the Protein Data Bank (<1%). Antibody‐assisted RNA crystallography is a relatively new technique that promises to accelerate RNA structure determination by employing synthetic antibodies (Fabs) as crystallization chaperones that are specifically raised against target RNAs. Antibody chaperones facilitate the formation of ordered crystal lattices by minimizing RNA flexibility and replacing unfavorable RNA–RNA contacts with contacts between chaperone molecules. Atomic coordinates of these antibody fragments can also be used as search models to obtain phase information during structure determination. Antibody‐assisted RNA crystallography has enabled the structure determination of 15 unique RNA targets, including 11 in the last 6 years. In this review, I cover the historical development of antibody fragments as crystallization chaperones and their application to diverse RNA targets. I discuss how the first structures of antibody‐RNA complexes informed the design of second‐generation antibodies and led to the development of portable crystallization modules that have greatly reduced the uncertainties associated with RNA crystallography. Finally, I outline unexplored avenues that can increase the impact of this technology in structural biology research and discuss potential applications of antibodies as affinity reagents for interrogating RNA biology outside of their use in crystallography.This article is categorized under:
RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics and Chemistry
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA Recognition
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA‐Protein Complexes
The economic impact of open lower limb fractures in the Netherlands: a cost-of-illness study
Authors: Noorlander-Borgdorff M. P. , Kievit W. , Giannakópoulos G. F. , Botman M. , Tromp T. N. , Oflazoglu K. , Rakhorst H. A. , de Jong T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To estimate the one-year sum of direct costs related to open lower limb fracture treatment in an academic setting in the Netherlands. The secondary objective was to estimate the impact of deep infection and nonunion on one-year total direct costs.

Methods
A multi-center, retrospective cost analysis of open lower limb fractures treated in an academic setting in the Netherlands, between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018, was conducted. The costing methodology was based on patient level aggregation using a bottom-up approach. A multiple linear regression model was used to predict the total costs based on Fracture-related-infections, multitrauma, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, Gustilo-Anderson grade and nonunion.

Results
Overall, 70 fractures were included for analysis, the majority Gustilo-Anderson grade III fractures (57%). Median (IQR) one-year hospital costs were €31,258 (20,812–58,217). Costs were primarily attributed to the length of hospital stay (58%) and surgical procedures (30%). The median length of stay was 16 days, with an increase to 50 days in Fracture-related infections. Subsequent costs (46,075 [25,891–74,938] vs. 15,244 [8970–30,173]; p = 0.002), and total hospital costs (90,862 [52,868–125,004] vs. 29,297 [21,784–40,677]; p < 0.001) were significantly higher for infected cases. It was found that Fracture-related infection, multitrauma, and Gustilo-Anderson grade IIIA-C fractures were significant predictors of increased costs.

Conclusion
In treatment of open lower limb fractures, deep infection, higher Gustilo-Anderson classification, and multitrauma significantly increase direct hospital costs. Considering the impact of infection on morbidity and total healthcare costs, future research should focus on preventing Fracture-related infections.
Vorhersage und frühzeitige Identifikation einer postpartalen Depression: Ergebnisse der longitudinalen RiPoD-Studie im Kontext der Literatur
Authors: Nehls Susanne , Dukart Juergen , Enzensberger Christian , Stickeler Elmar , Eickhoff Simon B. , Chechko Natalia 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie ersten 4 bis 6 Wochen nach der Geburt werden als Zeitfenster für den Beginn der postpartalen Depression (PPD) definiert. Trotz dieses bekannten Zeitfensters gibt es gravierende Lücken in der Identifizierung und Behandlung der PPD. In der Studie „Risk for Postpartum Depression“ (RiPoD) untersuchten wir spezifische Risikofaktoren und Prädiktoren für postpartale psychische Anpassungsprozesse und stellen die Ergebnisse dieser Studie im Rahmen einer Übersichtsarbeit zum internationalen Forschungsstand vor. Die dynamischen neuroplastischen Veränderungen des mütterlichen Gehirns in der Schwangerschaft und im Wochenbett scheinen in enger Verbindung mit peripartal fluktuierenden Hormonspiegeln zu stehen und diese könnten gemeinsam die Entwicklung postpartaler Stimmungsphänomene beeinflussen. Zu den relevanten Einflussgrößen der PPD gehören hormonelle Risikofaktoren, wie der Babyblues und das prämenstruelle Syndrom. Die Kombination beider Faktoren ermöglicht es, das individuelle PPD-Risiko mit einer Sensitivität von 83 % in der ersten Woche postpartum vorherzusagen. Eine anschließende digitale Überwachung der Symptomentwicklung in den ersten 6 Wochen postpartal erlaubte eine präzise Identifikation von Frauen mit PPD. Das Verständnis der Interaktion von hormonellen Schwankungen, Neuroplastizität und psychiatrischen Störungen bietet einen wichtigen Ansatzpunkt für zukünftige Forschungen. Die frühzeitige Identifikation und Diagnose der PPD sowie kritischer Risikofaktoren lassen sich leicht in die klinische Routine und den Alltag der Patientinnen integrieren, wodurch Frauen mit hohem Risiko für eine gezielte Überwachung identifiziert werden können.
Validation of Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Questionnaire in the Transmasculine Population
Authors: Kreines Fabiana M. , Cox Caroline K. , Mumford Sunni L. , Harvie Heidi S. , Arya Lily A. , Andy Uduak U. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
Transgender men and transmasculine individuals report a variety of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), but little is known about LUTS in this population. One of the obstacles is the lack of validated questionnaires. This study was aimed at validating the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-LUTS), which measures filling, voiding, and incontinence symptoms, in transmasculine individuals.

Methods
This is an observational validation study that included transmasculine individuals receiving care within a single tertiary care hospital system. Construct validity was assessed by comparing the ICIQ-LUTS with severity of LUTS as measured by the Urinary Distress Inventory–Short Form (UDI-6), and concurrent validity by the association between ICIQ-LUTS and the Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC). Discriminant validity was determined by comparing ICIQ-LUTS scores in those with and those without self-reported LUTS. Spearman correlation, t test, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for data analysis.

Results
A total of 131 respondents were included in the analysis. Only two individuals (1.5%) reported prior vaginectomy and/or phalloplasty. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by a significant association between ICIQ-LUTS subscales and PPBC (filling p < 0.001, voiding p < 0.001, incontinence p < 0.001). Construct validity was demonstrated by a significant correlation between ICIQ-LUTS and UDI-6 (filling ρ = 0.76, p < 0.001; voiding ρ = 0.48, p < 0.001; incontinence ρ = 0.61, p < 0.001). For discriminant validity, those with at least one self-reported LUTS had significantly higher (worse) ICIQ-LUTS subscale scores than those without self-reported LUTS.

Conclusions
The ICIQ-LUTS is valid for measurement of LUTS severity in transmasculine individuals. This will be an important tool to use in future research to learn more about LUTS in this population.
Survival After Transarterial Radioembolization in Patients with Unresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: An Updated Meta-analysis and Meta-regression
Authors: Cocozza Maria Adriana , Dajti Elton , Braccischi Lorenzo , Modestino Francesco , Reimer Peter , Cucchetti Alessandro , Barbara Giovanni , Mosconi Cristina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA). We updated our previous meta-analysis with meta-regression to explore the efficacy of TARE in the context of ICCA.

Methods
We searched PubMed and Scopus for studies published up to September 1, 2023. The primary outcome was overall survival. Secondary outcomes were tumor overall response rate, severe adverse events, and downstaging to surgery. Meta-analysis employed a random-effects model, and meta-regression was utilized to explore sources of heterogeneity.

Results
We included 27 studies, involving 1365 patients. Pooled survival estimates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 52.6%, 27%, and 16.8%, respectively. Meta-regression revealed that the proportion of patients naïve to treatment was the only pre-TARE predictor of survival (1-, 2-, and 3-year survival of 70%, 45%, and 36% for treatment-naïve patients, mean survival 19.7 months vs. 44%, 18%, and 7% for non-naïve patients, mean survival 12.2 months). Overall response according to RECIST 1.1 and mRECIST was 19.6% and 67%, respectively. Effective downstaging to surgery was possible in varying rates (3–54%); the mean survival in these patients was 34.8 months (1-, 2-, and 3-year survival of 100%, 87%, and 64%). About 45.7% of patients experienced adverse events, but only 5.9% were severe.

Conclusions
Our study benchmarked the survival rates of patients undergoing TARE for unresectable ICCA and showed that this is a valid option in these patients, especially if naïve to previous treatments. Downstaging to surgery is feasible in selected patients with promising results.

Graphical Abstract
Prediction models for differentiating benign from malignant liver lesions based on multiparametric dual-energy non-contrast CT
Authors: Ota Takashi , Onishi Hiromitsu , Fukui Hideyuki , Tsuboyama Takahiro , Nakamoto Atsushi , Honda Toru , Matsumoto Shohei , Tatsumi Mitsuaki , Tomiyama Noriyuki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To create prediction models (PMs) for distinguishing between benign and malignant liver lesions using quantitative data from dual-energy CT (DECT) without contrast agents.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study included patients with liver lesions who underwent DECT, including non-contrast-enhanced scans. Benign lesions included hepatic hemangioma, whereas malignant lesions included hepatocellular carcinoma, metastatic liver cancer, and intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Patients were divided into derivation and validation groups. In the derivation group, two radiologists calculated ten multiparametric data using univariate and multivariate logistic regression to generate PMs. In the validation group, two additional radiologists measured the parameters to assess the diagnostic performance of PMs.

Results
The study included 121 consecutive patients (mean age 67.4 ± 13.8 years, 80 males), with 97 in the derivation group (25 benign and 72 malignant) and 24 in the validation group (7 benign and 17 malignant). Oversampling increased the benign lesion sample to 75, equalizing the malignant group for building PMs. All parameters were statistically significant in univariate analysis (all p < 0.05), leading to the creation of five PMs in multivariate analysis. The area under the curve for the five PMs of two observers was as follows: PM1 (slope K, blood) = 0.76, 0.74; PM2 (slope K, fat) = 0.55, 0.51; PM3 (effective-Z difference, blood) = 0.75, 0.72; PM4 (slope K, blood, fat) = 0.82, 0.78; and PM5 (slope K, effective-Z difference, blood) = 0.90, 0.87. PM5 yielded the best diagnostic performance.

Conclusion
Multiparametric non-contrast-enhanced DECT is a highly effective method for distinguishing between liver lesions.

Clinical relevance statement
The utilization of non-contrast-enhanced DECT is extremely useful for distinguishing between benign and malignant liver lesions. This approach enables physicians to plan better treatment strategies, alleviating concerns associated with contrast allergy, contrast-induced nephropathy, radiation exposure, and excessive medical expenses.

Key Points

Distinguishing benign from malignant liver lesions with non-contrast-enhanced CT would be desirable.

This model, incorporating slope K, effective Z, and blood quantification, distinguished benign from malignant liver lesions.

Non-contrast-enhanced DECT has benefits, particularly in patients with an iodine allergy, renal failure, or asthma.

Graphical Abstract