bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crime and mortality in a population‐based nationwide 1981 birth cohort: Results from the FinnCrime study
Authors: Elonheimo Henrik , Sillanmäki Lauri , Sourander André 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundOffending is known to be associated with various health problems and premature death, but previous studies on associations between offending and mortality have often been only with men, convicted offenders or highly selected samples. A more sensitive measure of offending may be preferable when trying to understand the extent of health disadvantages among people who offend.AimsThe aim of this paper was to study the associations between investigated offending, death and causes of death in a nationally representative birth cohort.MethodsA broad concept of offending was used such that people who had had any contact with the police because they had been suspected of crime were included. Offending data were obtained from the National Police Register for 5405 men and women born in Finland in 1981, spanning their ages 15–30 years; mortality data were received from Statistics Finland. Offending was classified into four categories by frequency: none, 1–4 different offence contacts, 5–27 and 28 or more. Causes of death were categorised into natural, accidents, suicide or homicide. Of the cohort, 2304 (43%) had offended and 57 (1.1%) had died. Associations between offending, mortality and causes of death were analysed, controlling for parental education level and family structure in childhood.ResultsThe mortality rate was higher among offenders than non‐offenders, increasing with rising frequency of offending. The most frequent offenders were nearly 30 times more likely to have died by age 30 than non‐offenders (odds ratio 28.6, confidence interval 12.1–67.5); risk was higher for female than male offenders. Death among offenders was less likely to be from natural causes.ImplicationsA heightened risk of premature death is the ultimate form of adverse outcome for offenders. Offenders' health is likely to need more attention as part of their overall management, for recidivists in particular. In our study, offenders' only certain criminal justice contact was with the police, so it may be that the police should take a greater role in signposting them towards health services. Offender treatment is needed not only to protect potential victims but also offenders themselves. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel method to prevent recurrent balloon rupture during dilation of heavily calcified conduits in preparation for transcatheter pulmonary valve placement
Authors: Abu Hazeem Anas , Aldoss Osamah , Fagan Thomas 
Published: August 2015

IntroductionA 24‐year‐old female presented for percutaneous pulmonary valve placement. She was born with tetralogy of Fallot and had initial palliation with a Blalock–Taussig shunt followed by complete repair at age of 4 years including placement of a homograft conduit in the right ventricle to pulmonary artery position. She had developed severe obstruction in the conduit.ProcedureAngiography showed a heavily calcified conduit with moderate insufficiency. During pre‐dilation, a total of six balloons ruptured due to heavy conduit calcification prior to reaching desired inflation diameter. Subsequently, double balloon technique was attempted using two 9‐mm Conquest balloons. One of the conquest balloons was then replaced by 16‐mm Atlas balloon and conduit dilation was performed. At full inflation, the Conquest balloon ruptured. The deflated ruptured Conquest balloon was kept in the conduit and the Atlas balloon was exchanged for 18 and then 20‐mm Atlas balloons and both were used to dilate the conduit. The deflated ruptured Conquest balloon protected the Atlas balloons and conduit angioplasty proceeded successfully without further rupture of any balloon. Subsequently, four stents were placed in the conduit followed by delivery of Melody Valve using a 20‐mm Ensemble system with excellent results.ConclusionThis case illustrates a novel method of using the body of a ruptured balloon to protect subsequent balloons from rupture due to heavy conduit calcification. This method requires the presence of two venous access lines but might save time, effort, and cost from repeated balloon ruptures. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diagnosis of intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) by molecular cytogenetics in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Duployez Nicolas , Boudry‐Labis Elise , Decool Gauthier , Grzych Guillaume , Grardel Nathalie , Abou Chahla Wadih , Preudhomme Claude , Roche‐Lestienne Catherine 
Published: August 2015

Key Clinical MessageIntrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) defines a distinct cytogenetic subgroup of B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP‐ALL) with poor prognosis that should be investigated in routine practice. Single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐array provides a useful method to detect such cases showing a highly characteristic profile.
Graphenes as Metal‐free Catalysts for the Oxidative Depolymerization of Lignin Models
Authors: Blandez Juan F. , Navalón Sergio , Alvaro Mercedes , Garcia Hermenegildo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractGraphene oxide promotes the oxidative degradation of α‐guaiacylglycerol‐β‐guaiacyl ether, a lignin model compound, in different solvents including acetonitrile, toluene and water mainly to guaiacol, 2‐methoxyquinone, vanillic acid and coniferyl aldehyde. Reduced graphene oxide and B‐doped graphene exhibit similar activity as graphene oxide. Control experiments indicate that metal impurities should play a marginal role in the observed catalytic activity.
Photochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid using Ruthenium(II)‐Based Catalysts and Visible Light
Authors: Rosas‐Hernández Alonso , Junge Henrik , Beller Matthias 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA photocatalytic system that consists of an Ir‐based photosensitizer and a RuII bipyridine catalyst was developed for the selective reduction of CO2 to formic acid using triethanolamine as the electron donor. Catalyst turnover numbers up to 526 and a selectivity of 80 % towards formic acid were observed if the photocatalytic reaction was performed with [Ir(ppy)2(bpy)]PF6 (ppy=2‐(pyridine‐2‐yl)benzene‐1‐ide, bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) as the photosensitizer and [Ru(bpy)2(Cl)(CO)]PF6 as the catalyst under visible‐light irradiation (λ=400–700 nm). Interestingly, this photocatalytic system showed activity for the photoreduction of Na2CO3 to formic acid as well. The investigation of different ruthenium(II) catalysts revealed the positive influence of carbonyl ligands coordinated to the metal center. The enhancement of the catalytic activity is explained by a more favorable electron transfer from the photosensitizer to the catalyst, which is supported by the redox potentials of the complexes.
H2S Reactive Absorption from Off‐Gas in a Spray Column: Insights from Experiments and Modeling
Authors: Bashipour Fatemeh , Khorasani Saied Nouri , Rahimi Amir 
Published: August 2015

AbstractH2S removal from an off‐gas stream was performed in a spray column by H2S reactive absorption into a NaOH solution. The individual and interactive effects of three independent operating variables on the percentage of absorbed H2S were investigated: the initial pH of the scrubbing solution, the initial scrubbing solution temperature, and the volumetric liquid‐to‐gas ratio. The optimum operating variables were determined by response surface methodology (RSM) attaining a percentage of absorbed H2S of 98.7 ± 0.2 %. Additionally, the process performance was modeled by an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the percentage of absorbed H2S. The results showed that the experimental data agreed better with the ANN model than with the RSM results.
New 3‐(Heteroaryl)‐2‐iminocoumarin‐based Borate Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Rational Functionalization for Biosensing/Biolabeling Applications
Authors: Roubinet Benoît , Massif Cédrik , Moreau Mathieu , Boschetti Frédéric , Ulrich Gilles , Ziessel Raymond , Renard Pierre‐Yves , Romieu Anthony 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMembers of a series of boron difluoride complexes with 3‐(heteroaryl)‐2‐iminocoumarin ligands bearing both a phenolic hydroxyl group (acting as a fluorogenic center) and an N‐aryl substituent (acting as a stabilizing moiety) have been synthesized in good yields by applying a straightforward two‐step method. These novel fluorogenic dyes belong to the family of “Boricos” (D. Frath et al., Chem. Commun.­ 2013, 49, 4908–4910) and are the first examples of phenol‐based fluorophores of which the photophysical properties in the green‐yellow spectral range are dramatically improved by N,N‐chelation of a boron atom. Modulation of their fluorescence properties through reversible chemical modification of their phenol moieties has been demonstrated by the preparation of the corresponding 2,4‐dinitrophenyl (DNP) ethers, which led to a dramatic “OFF‐ON” fluorescence response upon reaction with thiols. Additionally, to expand the scope of these “7‐hydroxy‐Borico” derivatives, particularly in biolabeling, amine or carboxylic acid functionalities amenable to (bio)conjugation have been introduced within their scaffold. Their utility has been demonstrated in the preparation of fluorescent bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugates and “Borico”‐DOTA‐like scaffolds in an effort to design novel monomolecular multimodal fluorescence‐ radioisotope imaging agents.
Steric Effects on the Structures, Reactivity, and Coordination Chemistry of Tris(2‐pyridyl)aluminates
Authors: García‐Rodríguez Raúl , Wright Dominic S. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntroducing substituents in the 6‐position of the 2‐pyridyl rings of tris(pyridyl)aluminate anions, of the type [EtAl(2‐py′)3]− (py′=a substituted 2‐pyridyl group), has a large impact on their metal coordination characteristics. This is seen most remarkably in the desolvation of the THF solvate [EtAl(6‐Me‐2‐py)3Li⋅THF] to give the monomer [EtAl(6‐Me‐2‐py)3Li] (1), containing a pyramidal, three‐coordinate Li+ cation. Similar monomeric complexes are observed for [EtAl(6‐CF3‐2‐py)3Li] (2) and [EtAl(6‐Br‐2‐py)3Li] (3), which contain CF3 and Br substituents (R). This steric influence can be exploited in the synthesis of a new class of terminal AlOH complexes, as is seen in the controlled hydrolysis of 2 and 3 to give [EtAl(OH)(6‐R‐2‐py)2]− anions, as in the dimer [EtAl(OH)(6‐Br‐2‐py)2Li]2 (5). Attempts to deprotonate the AlOH group of 5 using Et2Zn led only to the formation of the zincate complex [LiZn(6‐Br‐py)3]2 (6), while reactions of the 6‐Br substituted 3 and the unsubstituted complex [EtAl(2‐py)3Li] with MeOH give [EtAl(OMe)(6‐Br‐2‐py)2Li]2 (7) and [EtAl(OMe)(2‐py)2Li]2 (8), respectively, having similar dimeric arrangements to 5. The combined studies presented provide key synthetic methods for the functionalization and elaboration of tris(pyridyl)aluminate ligands.
Zähmodifizierte Duroplaste mittels Phasen‐kompatibilisierender, Aminoharz‐ummantelter Latex‐Partikel
Authors: Paulke Bernd‐Reiner , Börner Frank , Hahn Mathias , Jobmann Monika , Englich Sascha , Gehde Michael , Michael Hannes 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMit einer neuen Generation von Kern‐Schale‐Polymer‐Kompositen lassen sich die Eigenschaftsbilder von Elastomeren und von Thermoplasten miteinander kombinieren sowie Duroplaste zähmodifizieren. An Grenzflächen oder in Grenzschichten der Polymerstruktur positioniert, können Kern‐Schale‐Mikrokomposite schon bei relativ niedrigem Gehalt in der Matrix eine Vermittlerrolle zwischen zwei Phasen übernehmen und damit die Anwendungsparameter eines Polymertyps positiv verändern.
Population‐based assessment of determining predictors for quality of prostate cancer surveillance
Authors: Chamie Karim , Williams Stephen B. , Hershman Dawn L. , Wright Jason D. , Nguyen Paul L. , Hu Jim C. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDDespite recent interest in the overdiagnosis and overtreatment of prostate cancer, the acceptance of expectant management for patients with indolent prostate cancer has remained slow. Moreover, the intensity of surveillance strategies remains to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to determine the population‐based intensity of surveillance strategy among patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer who undergo watchful waiting/active surveillance and those who receive active treatment.METHODSLinked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare data were used to identify men diagnosed with prostate cancer from 2004 to 2007 who were followed until December 31, 2009. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to quantify the use of prostate‐specific antigen tests, office visits, and second prostate biopsies within 2 years of diagnosis.RESULTSCompared with patients who were receiving active treatment, those who were undergoing watchful waiting/active surveillance were less likely to receive prostate‐specific antigen testing and to attend office visits within the 2 years after diagnosis (P < .01). Of the 3656 patients who were undergoing watchful waiting/active surveillance, only 166 (4.5%) were on active surveillance (according to the authors’ a priori definition), although the number increased over the last 2 years of the study (hazard ratio, 2.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.28‐3.71; P < .01). Limitations of the study included data limited to men aged 65 years or older and the lack of ability to discern between watchful waiting and active surveillance.CONCLUSIONSActive surveillance is underused, and there is uncertainty regarding the quality of surveillance for patients who undergo watchful waiting/active surveillance. Further research is needed into qualitatively describing the contributing factors that drive decision‐making recommendations as well as improved surveillance measures for patients with prostate cancer. Cancer 2015;121:4150–4157. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Preferences of advanced cancer patients for communication on anticancer treatment cessation and the transition to palliative care
Authors: Umezawa Shino , Fujimori Maiko , Matsushima Eisuke , Kinoshita Hiroya , Uchitomi Yosuke 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to clarify the communication preferences of patients with advanced cancer regarding discussions about ending anticancer treatment and transitioning to palliative care and to explore the variables associated with those preferences.METHODSParticipants were 106 Japanese patients with cancer who had been informed at least 1 week earlier about the cessation of their anticancer treatment. They completed a survey measuring their preferences for communication about ending anticancer treatment and transitioning to palliative care as well as their demographic characteristics. Medical records were also examined to investigate medical characteristics.RESULTSResults of the descriptive analysis indicated that patients strongly preferred their physicians to listen to their distress and concerns (96%), to assure them that their painful symptoms would be controlled (97.1%), and to explain the status of their illness and the physical symptoms that would likely occur in the future (95.1%). Multiple regression analyses identified the factors associated with these preferences: telling patients to prepare mentally and informing them of their expected life expectancy were associated with cancer site; sustaining hope was associated with cancer site and children; and empathic paternalism was associated with duration since cancer diagnosis.CONCLUSIONSThe majority of patients preferred their physicians to be realistic about their likely future and wanted to be reassured that their painful symptoms would be controlled. For patients with cancer at certain sites, those with children, and those more recently diagnosed, physicians should communicate carefully and actively by providing information on life expectancy and mental preparation, sustaining hope, and behaving with empathic paternalism. Cancer 2015;121:4240–4249. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Multicenter phase 2 study of patupilone for recurrent or progressive brain metastases from non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Nayak Lakshmi , DeAngelis Lisa M. , Robins H. Ian , Govindan Ramaswamy , Gadgeel Shirish , Kelly Karen , Rigas James R. , Peereboom David M. , Rosenfeld Steven S. , Muzikansky Alona , Zheng Ming , Urban Patrick , Abrey Lauren E. , Omuro Antonio , Wen Patrick Y. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDTreatment options for patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastases are limited. Patupilone (EPO906), a blood‐brain barrier–penetrating, microtubule‐targeting, cytotoxic agent, has shown clinical activity in phase 1/2 studies in patients with NSCLC. This study evaluates the efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and safety of patupilone in NSCLC brain metastases.METHODSAdult patients with NSCLC and confirmed progressive brain metastases received patupilone intravenously at 10 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint of this multinomial 2‐stage study combined early progression (EP; death or progression within 3 weeks) and progression‐free survival at 9 weeks (PFS9w) to determine drug activity.RESULTSFifty patients with a median age of 60 years (range, 33‐74 years) were enrolled; the majority were men (58%), and most had received prior therapy for brain metastases (98%). The PFS9w rate was 36%, and the EP rate was 26%. Patupilone blood pharmacokinetic analyses showed mean areas under the concentration‐time curve from time zero to 504 hours for cycles 1 and 3 of 1544 and 1978 ng h/mL, respectively, and a mean steady state distribution volume of 755 L/m2. Grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs), regardless of their relation with the study drug, included diarrhea (24%), pulmonary embolisms (8%), convulsions (4%), and peripheral neuropathy (4%). All patients discontinued the study drug: 31 (62%) for disease progression and 13 (26%) for AEs. Twenty‐five of 32 deaths were due to brain metastases. The median time to progression and the overall survival were 3.2 and 8.8 months, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first prospective study of chemotherapy for recurrent brain metastases from NSCLC. In this population, patupilone demonstrated activity in heavily treated patients. Cancer 2015;121:4165–4172. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Extent of resection and overall survival for patients with atypical and malignant meningioma
Authors: Aizer Ayal A. , Bi Wenya Linda , Kandola Manjinder S. , Lee Eudocia Q. , Nayak Lakshmi , Rinne Mikael L. , Norden Andrew D. , Beroukhim Rameen , Reardon David A. , Wen Patrick Y. , Al‐Mefty Ossama , Arvold Nils D. , Dunn Ian F. , Alexander Brian M. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDThe prognosis for patients with atypical and malignant meningioma is guarded; whether the extent of resection is associated with survival‐based outcomes in this population remains poorly defined. This study investigated the association between gross total resection (GTR) and all‐cause mortality in patients with atypical and malignant meningioma.METHODSThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program was used to identify 575 and 64 patients betweens the ages of 18 and 70 years who were diagnosed with atypical and malignant meningioma, respectively, between 2004 and 2009. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the adjusted impact of GTR versus subtotal resection on all‐cause mortality.RESULTSBaseline patient characteristics were similar for patients who did undergo GTR and patients who did not undergo GTR. The 5‐year overall survival rates were 91.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 86.2%‐94.5%) and 78.2% (95% CI, 70.0%‐84.3%) for patients with atypical meningioma who did and did not undergo GTR, respectively, and 64.5% (95% CI, 45.9%‐78.1%) and 41.1% (95% CI, 17.9%‐63.1%) for patients with malignant meningioma who did and did not undergo GTR, respectively. After adjustments for available, pertinent confounding variables, GTR was associated with lower all‐cause mortality in patients with atypical (hazard ratio, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.23‐0.67; P < .001) and malignant meningioma (hazard ratio, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.15‐0.81; P = .01).CONCLUSIONSThe extent of resection is a powerful predictor of outcome for patients with atypical and malignant meningioma. These data highlight the hazard associated with the presence of gross tumor bulk after surgery and suggest a value for more extensive resections that should be balanced against the additional potential morbidity. Cancer 2015;121:4376–81. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Allergic reactions and antiasparaginase antibodies in children with high‐risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A children's oncology group report
Authors: Ko Richard H. , Jones Tamekia L. , Radvinsky David , Robison Nathan , Gaynon Paul S. , Panosyan Eduard H. , Avramis Ioannis A. , Avramis Vassilios I. , Rubin Joan , Ettinger Lawrence J. , Seibel Nita L. , Dhall Girish 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDThe objectives of this study were to assess the incidence of clinical allergy and end‐induction antiasparaginase (anti‐ASNase) antibodies in children with high‐risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with pegylated (PEG) Escherichia coli ASNase and to determine whether they carry any prognostic significance.METHODSOf 2057 eligible patients, 1155 were allocated to augmented arms in which PEG ASNase replaced native ASNase postinduction. Erwinia chrysanthemi (Erwinia) ASNase could be used to replace native ASNase after allergy, if available. Allergy and survival data were complete for 990 patients. End‐induction antibody titers were available for 600 patients.RESULTSDuring the consolidation phase, 289 of 990 patients (29.2%) had an allergic reaction. There were fewer allergic reactions to Erwinia ASNase than to native ASNase (odds ratio, 4.33; P < .0001) or PEG ASNase (odds ratio, 3.08; P < .0001) only during phase 1 of interim maintenance. There was no significant difference in 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) between patients who received PEG ASNase throughout the entire study postinduction versus those who developed an allergic reaction to PEG ASNase during consolidation phase and subsequently received Erwinia ASNase (80.8% ± 2.8% and 81.6% ± 3.8%, respectively; P = .66). Patients who had positive antibody titers postinduction were more likely to have an allergic reaction to PEG ASNase (odds ratio, 2.4; P < .001). The 5‐year EFS rate between patients who had negative versus positive antibody titers (80% ± 2.6% and 77.7% ± 4.3%, respectively; P = .68) and between patients who did not receive any ASNase postconsolidation and those who received PEG ASNase throughout the study (P = .22) were significantly different.CONCLUSIONSThe current results demonstrate differences in the incidence rates of toxicity between ASNase preparations but not in EFS. The presence of anti‐ASNase antibodies did not affect EFS. Cancer 2015;121:4205–4211. © 2015 American Cancer Society.