bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy and its correlates vary by trimester and hemoglobin assessment method in Eastern Maharashtra, India
Authors: Locks Lindsey M. , Bhaise Shilpa , Dhurde Varsha , Gugel Abigail , Lauer Jacqueline , Shah Miloni , Goghari Aboli , Hibberd Patricia L. , Patel Archana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractApproximately half of pregnant women in India are anemic, representing over 7.5 million women. Few studies have assessed the relationship between multiple micronutrient deficiencies and anemia during pregnancy or the trajectory of hemoglobin (Hb) during pregnancy in low‐resource settings. We enrolled 200 pregnant women from the Maternal and Newborn Health (MNH) registry, a population‐based pregnancy and birth registry in Eastern Maharashtra, India to address these gaps. The women provided capillary (finger‐prick) and venous blood specimens at enrollment (<15 weeks), and a second capillary specimen in the 3rd trimester (>27 weeks). Capillary specimens were analyzed at the time of collection with a HemoCue Hb 201+; venous specimens were shipped on dry ice to a laboratory for cyanmethemoglobin assessment. In the 1st trimester, mean Hb concentration and anemia (Hb<11.0 g/dL) prevalence using capillary specimens were 10.9 ± 1.5 g/dL and 51.1%; mean Hb concentration using venous blood specimens was estimated to be 11.3 ± 1.3 g/dL and anemia prevalence was 37.5%. The prevalence of iron, vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies were 40%, 30% and 0%, respectively. Among women with anemia in the 1st trimester (venous blood), 56% had concurrent iron deficiency (inflammation‐adjusted serum ferritin <15 µg/L) indicating that their anemia may be amenable to iron supplementation. In total, 21% of women had ID and anemia, 19% ID in the absence of anemia, 16.5% anemia in the absence of ID and 43.5% had neither. By the 3rd trimester, mean Hb from capillary specimens had declined to 10.1 ± 1.35 g/dL and anemia prevalence increased to 70.7%, despite 99.4% mothers reporting receipt of iron‐folic acid (IFA) supplements during her current pregnancy, and 83.9% reporting IFA consumption the previous day. Significant predictors of anemia in the 1st trimester (both venous and capillary) included the number of weeks gestation at the time of Hb assessment and inflammation‐adjusted serum ferritin. For 3rd trimester anemia, significant predictors included 1st trimester height, BMI and IFA consumption during the 3rd trimester (but not 1st trimester micronutrient biomarkers), indicating that IFA supplementation over the course of pregnancy may have influenced micronutrient status and anemia risk. Our findings highlight the severity of the burden of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in Eastern Maharashtra, but also highlight that in many cases, ID and anemia affect different individuals. Preventing and managing anemia in pregnancy in India will require strengthening both clinical and community‐based strategies targeting iron deficiency, as well as other causes of anemia.
Exploring treatment and antifungal resistance in an outbreak of tinea caused by Microsporum audouinii
Authors: Johansen Claus Dall , Shen Julia Jia Rui , Astvad Karen Marie Thyssen , Jemec Gregor Borut Ernst , Christensen Jens Jørgen , Saunte Ditte Marie Lindhardt 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMicrosporum audouinii has resurged recently. Infections with the dermatophyte are difficult to treat, which raises the question if we treat M. audouinii infections with the most effective antifungal (AF) agent.ObjectivesThe aims of this study was to investigate an outbreak of tinea capitis (TC) in Denmark, address the challenges in outbreak management and to conduct two reviews regarding previous outbreaks and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC).MethodsWe used Wood's light, culture, direct microscopy, and PCR for screening and antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) for treatment optimization. We performed two reviews to explore M. audouinii outbreaks and MIC values using broth microdilution method.ResultsOf 73 screened individuals, 10 had confirmed M. audouinii infections. Clinical resistance to griseofulvin was observed in 4 (66%) cases. While previous outbreaks showed high griseofulvin efficacy, our study favoured terbinafine, fluconazole and itraconazole in our hard‐to‐treat cases. AFST guided the choice of AF. Through the literature search, we identified five M. audouinii outbreaks, where differences in management included the use of Wood's light and prophylactic topical AF therapy. Terbinafine MIC values from the literature ranged from 0.002 to 0.125 mg/L.ConclusionUse of Wood's light and preventive measurements were important for limiting infection. The literature lacked MIC data for griseofulvin against M. audouinii, but indicated sensitivity for terbinafine. The clinical efficacy for M. audouinii treatment was contradictory favouring both terbinafine and griseofulvin. AFST could have a key role in the treatment of difficult cases, but lack of standardisation of AFST and MIC breakpoints limits its usefulness.
ToF‐SIMS imaging reveals changes in tumor cell lipids during metastatic progression of melanoma
Authors: Neittaanmäki Noora , Zaar Oscar , Cehajic Kevin Sjögren , Nilsson Kelly Dimovska , Katsarelias Dimitrios , Bagge Roger Olofsson , Paoli John , Fletcher John S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMost melanomas progress from radial to vertical growth phase before spreading locoregionally and distally. Much is still unknown about the metabolic changes in the tumor cells and their microenvironment during this metastatic progression. We aimed to gain new insight into the molecular characteristics of melanoma in regard to spatial lipidomics to deliver new knowledge regarding tumor metastatic progression. We included 10 fresh tumor samples from 10 patients including two in situ melanomas, two invasive primary melanomas, and six metastatic melanomas (four in‐transit metastases and two distant metastases). In addition, we analyzed four healthy skin controls from the same patients. Time‐of‐flight imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) enabled detailed spatial‐lipidomics that could be directly correlated with conventional histopathological analysis of consecutive H&E‐stained tissue sections. Significant differences in the lipid profiles were found in primary compared to metastatic melanomas, notably an increase in phosphatidylethanolamine lipids relative to phosphatidylinositol lipids and an increase in GM3 gangliosides in the metastatic samples. Furthermore, analysis of the data from in transit versus distant metastases samples highlighted that specific phospholipids, and a difference in the long versus shorter chain GM3 gangliosides, discriminated the metastatic routes. Further studies are warranted to verify these preliminary findings. Lipidomic changes could serve as a novel biomarker for tumor progression and even serve as a target for novel treatments. Furthermore, analyzing the lipid profiles could help to differentiate between primary and metastatic melanomas in challenging cases.
Full Souslin trees at small cardinals
Authors: Rinot Assaf , Yadai Shira , You Zhixing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA ‐tree is full if each of its limit levels omits no more than one potential branch. Kunen asked whether a full ‐Souslin tree may consistently exist. Shelah gave an affirmative answer of height a strong limit Mahlo cardinal . Here, it is shown that these trees may consistently exist at small cardinals. Indeed, there can be many full ‐trees such that the product of any countably many of them is an ‐Souslin tree.
Tau physics at Belle and Belle II
Authors: Bodrov Denis 
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we present the major results obtained in [Formula: see text] physics by the Belle and Belle II experiments. For the Belle II experiment, we also discuss prospects for improved measurements of the [Formula: see text] lepton properties, new results in Michel parameters determination, and searches for CP and lepton flavor violation in [Formula: see text] decays.
Efecto modulador de los glucocorticoides sobre la angiogénesis mediada por PI3K/Akt activada por α7-nAChR: Una revisión narrativa
Authors: Latorre de Halleux Matías , Hernández Vivanco Bastián , Carvajal Vidal Paulina , Cortés Saavedra Magdalena 
Published: June 2024

Introducción: los glucocorticoides (GC) han sido ampliamente utilizados en el tratamiento de patologías oculares debido a sus efectos antiinflamatorios y anti-angiogénicos. Se ha sugerido que el mecanismo de acción antiangiogénico de los GC puede estar relacionado con la enzima fosfatidilinositol-3-cinasa (PI3K), la cual desempeña un papel crucial en la angiogénesis mediada por el receptor nicotínico de acetilcolina alfa 7 (α7-nAChR). La PI3K es una enzima lipoproteica heterodimérica compuesta por las subunidades; reguladora (p85) y catalítica (p110). Objetivo: esta revisión examina la evidencia de la interrelación entre los GC, y la vía de señalización de PI3K activada por α7-nAChR en la angiogénesis “in vitro”. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica utilizando los motores de búsqueda PubMed y Web of Science, relacionando los conceptos “endothelial cell”, “α7-nAChR”, “PI3K”, y “glucocorticoid”. Resultados: se seleccionaron 30 artículos que informaron sobre la expresión de α7-nAChR y PI3K en células endoteliales humanas. Además, del efecto de dexametasona sobre las subunidades de PI3K y Akt en modelos humano, murino y porcino. A partir de estos hallazgos, se propuso un mecanismo mediante el cual los GC ejercen su efecto antiangiogénico a través de la modulación en la expresión de la subunidad inhibitoria p85 de PI3K activada por α7-nAChR en células endoteliales humanas. Conclusión: los antecedentes evidencian que dexametasona, ejerce su mecanismo de acción anti-angiogénico mediante el incremento de la expresión de la subunidad inhibitoria p85 de PI3K activada por α7-nAChR. Estos hallazgos podrían contribuir a explicar la posible falla terapéutica en el área oftalmológica en pacientes fumadores.
Telerehabilitación respiratoria en fibrosis quística: experiencia de pacientes, padres y profesionales durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Estudio cualitativo.
Authors: Rodríguez Núñez Iván , Bretti María José , Daroch Neira Ana María , Zenteno Araos Daniel , Torres Puebla Gerardo 
Published: June 2024

Introducción: la rehabilitación respiratoria (RR) se recomienda en pacientes con fibrosis quística (FQ). Durante la pandemia de COVID-19 los programas de RR debieron cerrarse o migrar a modalidades de telerehabilitación, imponiendo nuevos desafíos a pacientes y equipos de salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar las percepciones de pacientes, padres y profesionales sobre la transición a la telerehabilitación respiratoria durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudio cualitativo. Se consideraron pacientes con FQ mayores de 8 años. También a padres y equipos de salud. El tamaño muestral se determinó mediante saturación teórica. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales vía Zoom ®. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante los métodos de codificación abierta y axial. El análisis se realizó utilizando el software Atlas. Ti 7.5.7. Resultados: se incluyó a 4 pacientes adultos, 1 pediátrico y 2 padres, además de 4 profesionales de equipos de salud. Existió una percepción general positiva respecto a la RR y la telerehabilitación. Entre las barreras destacó la falta de equipamiento para la telerehabilitación en domicilio y la organización diaria de los pacientes. Entre los facilitadores destacó la disponibilidad de equipos y redes que permitieran la conectividad y el apoyo familiar. Existió una valoración positiva hacia la continuidad de la telerehabilitación en la etapa post pandémica. Conclusiones: la telerehabilitación fue percibida como una alternativa viable y efectiva, sin embargo, aspectos de la conectividad, disponibilidad de equipamiento y la rutina diaria de los pacientes debe ser considerada a la hora de implementar modalidades telemáticas de atención.
Personalized Medicine in Acromegaly: The ACROFAST Study
Authors: Marques-Pamies Montserrat , Gil Joan , Sampedro-Nuñez Miguel , Valassi Elena , Biagetti Betina , Giménez-Palop Olga , Hernández Marta , Martínez Silvia , Carrato Cristina , Villar-Taibo Rocío , Araujo-Castro Marta , Blanco Concepción , Simón-Muela Inmaculada , Simó-Servat Andreu , Xifra Gemma , Vázquez Federico , Pavón Isabel , Rosado José Antonio , García-Centeno Rogelio , Zavala Roxana , Hanzu Felicia Alexandra , Mora Mireia , Aulinas Anna , Vilarrasa Nuria , Librizzi Soledad , Calatayud María , de Miguel Paz , Alvarez-Escola Cristina , Picó Antonio , Salinas Isabel , Fajardo-Montañana Carmen , Cámara Rosa , Bernabéu Ignacio , Jordà Mireia , Webb Susan M , Marazuela Mónica , Puig-Domingo Manel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context
Medical treatment of acromegaly is currently performed through a trial-and-error approach using first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fgSRLs) as first-line drugs, with an effectiveness of about 50%, and subsequent drugs are indicated through clinical judgment. Some biomarkers can predict fgSRLs response.

Objective
Here we report the results of the ACROFAST study, a clinical trial in which a protocol based on predictive biomarkers of fgSRLs was evaluated.

Methods
This was a prospective trial (21 university hospitals) comparing the effectiveness and time-to-control of 2 treatment protocols during 12 months: (A) a personalized protocol in which the first options were fgSRLs as monotherapy or in combination with pegvisomant, or pegvisomant as monotherapy depending on the short acute octreotide test (sAOT) results, tumor T2 magnetic resonance (MRI) signal or immunostaining for E-cadherin; and (B) a control group with treatment always started by fgSRLs and the other drugs included after demonstrating inadequate control.

Results
Eighty-five patients participated; 45 in the personalized and 40 in the control group. More patients in the personalized protocol achieved hormonal control compared to those in the control group (78% vs 53%, P &lt; .05). Survival analysis revealed a hazard ratio for achieving hormonal control adjusted by age and sex of 2.53 (CI, 1.30-4.80). Patients from the personalized arm were controlled in a shorter period of time (P = .01).

Conclusion
Personalized medicine is feasible using a relatively simple protocol, and it allows a higher number of patients to achieve control in a shorter period of time.
Causal Association Between BMI and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Bidirectional 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Fang Yifan , Liu Lan , Yang Yingying , Zhang Bing , Xie Siqi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to explore the causal effect of body mass index (BMI) on polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

Methods
Genome-wide association data for BMI and PCOS were sourced from the Mendelian randomization (MR) base platform. Significantly associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for BMI served as instrumental variables in bidirectional 2-sample MR analyses to investigate the causal relationship between BMI and PCOS. Analytical techniques utilized encompassed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median estimator, and MR-Egger regression.

Results
We identified 427 SNPs significantly associated with BMI (P &lt; 5 × 10−8; linkage disequilibrium r2 &lt; 0.001). Various methods consistently revealed a positive association between BMI and PCOS (IVW: odds ratio [OR] 2.027 [95% CI 1.599-2.596]; weighted median estimator: OR 2.368 [95% CI 1.653-3.392]; MR-Egger method: OR 3.610 [95% CI 1.795-7.263]), indicating that higher BMI correlates with an increased risk of PCOS. Additionally, we observed a causal effect of genetic predisposition to PCOS on BMI (IVW: OR 1.020 [95% CI 1.019-1.022]; weighted median estimator: OR 1.017 [95% CI 1.015-1.019]; MR-Egger method: OR 1.000 [95% CI 0.995-1.005]).

Conclusion
The MR analysis furnished compelling evidence suggesting a causal relationship between elevated BMI and the risk of PCOS, as well as indicating that the severity of PCOS may contribute to elevated BMI levels.
Value of combining targeted emergency nursing with psychological nursing in children with febrile convulsions
Authors: Han Qing , Wu Feng-Ru , Hong Yun , Gu Li-Li , Zhu Yu 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Febrile convulsions are a common pediatric emergency that imposes significant psychological stress on children and their families. Targeted emergency care and psychological nursing are widely applied in clinical practice, but their value and impact on the management of pediatric febrile convulsions are unclear.
AIM
To determine the impact of targeted emergency nursing combined with psychological nursing on satisfaction in children with febrile convulsions.
METHODS
Data from 111 children with febrile convulsions who received treatment at Nantong Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital between June 2021 and October 2022 were analyzed. The control group consisted of 44 children who received conventional nursing care and the research group consisted of 67 children who received targeted emergency and psychological nursing. The time to fever resolution, time to resolution of convulsions, length of hospital stays, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, patient compliance, nursing satisfaction of the parents, occurrence of complications during the nursing process, and parental anxiety and depression were compared between the control and research groups. Parental anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA).
RESULTS
The fever resolution, convulsion disappearance, and hospitalization times were longer in the control group compared with the research group (P < 0.0001). The time to falling asleep, sleep time, sleep quality, sleep disturbance, sleep efficiency, and daytime status scores were significantly better in the research group compared with the control group (P < 0.0001). The HAMD and HAMA scores for parents of children in the research group were lower than the scores in the control group after nursing (P < 0.05). Compliance with treatment of children in the research group was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Parental satisfaction with nursing in the research group was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). The total complication rate of children in the control group was higher than in the research group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Combining psychological nursing with targeted emergency nursing improved the satisfaction of children’s families and compliance with treatment and promoted early recovery of clinical symptoms and improvement of sleep quality.
Correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus remission and intrapancreatic fat deposition
Authors: Liu Jiang , Luo Yue , Zhu Yin-Rong , Wu Zu-Tao , Hou Yan , Xu Yu-Jie , Li Li , Ma Cun-Wen 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) exerts a significant negative impact on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), accelerates disease deterioration, and may lead to impaired β-cell quality and function.
AIM
To investigate the correlation between T2DM remission and IPFD.
METHODS
We enrolled 80 abdominally obese patients with T2DM admitted to our institution from January 2019 to October 2023, including 40 patients with weight loss-induced T2DM remission (research group) and 40 patients with short-term intensive insulin therapy-induced T2DM remission (control group). We comparatively analyzed improvements in IPFD [differential computed tomography (CT) values of the spleen and pancreas and average CT value of the pancreas]; levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), and insulin; and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the association between T2DM remission and IPFD.
RESULTS
After treatment, the differential CT values of the spleen and pancreas, FBG, 2hPBG, and HOMA-IR in the research group were significantly lower than those before treatment and in the control group, and the average CT value of the pancreas and insulin levels were significantly higher. Correlation analysis revealed that the greater the T2DM remission, the lower the amount of IPFD.
CONCLUSION
T2DM remission and IPFD are inversely correlated.
Effect of sodium hyaluronate combined with rehabilitation training on knee joint injury caused by golf
Authors: Chen Li-Ke , Yu Qin-Ming 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
In high-intensity sports like golf, knee joints are prone to injury, leading to pain, limited mobility, and decreased quality of life. Traditional treatment methods typically involve rehabilitation exercises, but their effectiveness may be limited. In recent years, sodium hyaluronate has emerged as a widely used biomedical material in the treatment of joint diseases.
AIM
To explore the effect of sodium hyaluronate combined with rehabilitation training on pain degree, flexion range of motion and motor function of knee joint injured by golf.
METHODS
Eighty patients with knee joint injury caused by golf were randomly divided into control (group B) and observation group (group A). The group B was treated with rehabilitation training, and the group A was treated with sodium hyaluronate combined with rehabilitation training. The clinical efficacy, range of motion and function of knee joint, quality of life and inflammatory factors were compared.
RESULTS
The excellent and good rate of rehabilitation in the group A was raised than group B. At 6 weeks and 3 months after treatment, the range of motion of the two groups was raised than that before treatment, and that of the group A was raised than group B. After treatment, the scores of Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) in the group A were raised, and those in the group A were raised than group B. The VAS score of the two groups was reduced than that of the group B, and the SF-36 score of the group A was reduced than group B. The interleukin (IL)-1 β, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the two groups were reduced, and those in the group A were reduced than group B.
CONCLUSION
Sodium hyaluronate combined with rehabilitation training has a good clinical effect in the treatment of patients with knee joint injury caused by golf, which relieve pain, maintain knee joint function and improve patients' life quality.