bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrent patellar dislocation: personalised therapy or operative treatment? The REPPORT randomised trial protocol
Authors: Arnold Susanne , Haque Aminul , Aujla Manjit , Barrows Raegan , Beard David , Chandler Craig , Chandler Elizabeth , Ellard David R , Eldridge Jonathan , Ferreira Manuela , Foster Nadine E , Griffin James , Mason James , Mandalia Vipul , Parsons Helen , Ray Georgina , Stewart Kimberley , Thompson Peter , Underwood Martin , Whitehouse Michael R , Zanganeh Mandana , Metcalfe Andrew , Smith Toby 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRecurrent patellar dislocation is a debilitating musculoskeletal condition, affecting mainly adolescents and adults under the age of 30. It can persist for many decades, causing pain and cartilage and soft-tissue damage, potentially leading to osteoarthritis. Recurrent patellar dislocation can be managed with physiotherapy or surgery. However, it is not known which treatment is most effective.Methods and analysisRecurrent Patellar Dislocation: Personalised Therapy or Operative Treatment (REPPORT) is a pragmatic, multicentre, two-arm, superiority, randomised controlled trial. It will compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an initial management strategy of personalised, phased and progressive rehabilitation, termed personalised knee therapy versus surgery for recurrent patellar dislocation.The trial’s target sample size is 276 participants who will be recruited from approximately 20 sites across the UK. Participants will be randomly allocated to the two treatment groups via a central computer-based minimisation system. Treatment allocation will be in a 1:1 ratio, stratified by age, presence of patella alta and recruitment site.The primary outcome is participant-reported function using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome 4-domain score at 18 months post randomisation. Health economic evaluation will be conducted from a healthcare system and personal social services perspective. Secondary outcome data including patellar instability, health utility, work/education status, satisfaction with social roles and treatment, health resource use and adverse events will be collected at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Analysis will be on an intention-to-treat basis and reported in-line with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement.Ethics and disseminationThe trial was approved by the East Midlands—Nottingham 2 Research Ethics Committee on 30 March 2023.Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, presentations at national and international conferences, in lay summaries, and using the REPPORT website and social media channels.Trial registration numberISRCTN17972668.
Development of the Patient-Reported Indicator Surveys (PaRIS) conceptual framework to monitor and improve the performance of primary care for people living with chronic conditions
Authors: Valderas Jose M , Porter Ian , Martin-Delgado Jimmy , Rijken Mieke , de Jong Judith , Groene Oliver , Bloemeke-Cammin Janika , Sunol Rosa , Williams Rachel , Ballester Marta , de Bienassis Katherine , Kendir Candan , Guanais Frederico , de Boer Dolf , van den Berg Michael 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Patient-Reported Indicator Surveys (PaRIS) initiative aims to support countries in improving care for people living with chronic conditions by collecting information on how people experience the quality and performance of primary and (generalist) ambulatory care services. This paper presents the development of the conceptual framework that underpins the rationale for and the instrumentation of the PaRIS survey.MethodsThe guidance of an international expert taskforce and the OECD Health Care Quality Indicators framework (2015) provided initial specifications for the framework. Relevant conceptual models and frameworks were then identified from searches in bibliographic databases (Medline, EMBASE and the Health Management Information Consortium). A draft framework was developed through narrative review. The final version was codeveloped following the participation of an international Patient advisory Panel, an international Technical Advisory Community and online international workshops with patient representatives.Results85 conceptual models and frameworks were identified through searches. The final framework maps relationships between the following domains (and subdomains): patient-reported outcomes (symptoms, functioning, self-reported health status, health-related quality of life); patient-reported experiences of care (access, comprehensiveness, continuity, coordination, patient safety, person centeredness, self-management support, trust, overall perceived quality of care); health and care capabilities; health behaviours (physical activity, diet, tobacco and alcohol consumption), sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported chronic conditions; delivery system characteristics (clinic, main healthcare professional); health system, policy and context.DiscussionThe PaRIS conceptual framework has been developed through a systematic, accountable and inclusive process. It serves as the basis for the development of the indicators and survey instruments as well as for the generation of specific hypotheses to guide the analysis and interpretation of the findings.
Tilt in quadratic gravity
Authors: de Medeiros Waleska P. F. , Lazo Matheus J. , Müller Daniel , Sales Dinalva A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, tilted source solutions in both Einstein–Hilbert General Relativity (GR) and Quadratic Gravity (QG) for the anisotropic Bianchi V model are addressed. Since the excellent CMBR match of Starobinsky’s inflation with Planck’s team measurements data, QG has acquired a prominent status in the effective sense, for sufficiently strong gravity fields. The main interest is in the numeric time evolution to the past towards the singularity and the behavior of the kinematic variables, vorticity, acceleration, and the expansion of this source substance. In QG we found that for universes with higher and smaller matter densities fall into the Kasner or isotropic singularity attractors to the past, respectively. We also found that the Kasner singularity attractor to the past has always zero vorticity, for both GR and QG theories. While for QG the isotropic singularity attractor may have divergent vorticity. For the set of assumptions and conditions supposed in this work, the isotropic singularity attractor, favors QG as compared to GR. Only in QG we were able to find a geometric singularity with divergences in all of the kinematic variables of the substance, decreasing to finite values to the future, upon time reversing. That is, we obtained an initial kinematic singularity substance, that approaches a perfect fluid source.
Substrate Characterization and Outcomes of Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Amyloid Cardiomyopathy: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Compagnucci Paolo , Dello Russo Antonio , Gasperetti Alessio , Schiavone Marco , Sehrawat Ojasav , Hasegawa Kanae , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Liang Jackson J. , Kapa Suraj , La Fazia Vincenzo Mirco , Bogun Frank , Stevenson William G. , Tondo Claudio , Siontis Konstantinos C. , Tandri Harikrishna , Santangeli Pasquale , Natale Andrea , Casella Michela 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) in cardiac amyloidosis is uncommon, and the substrate and outcomes of catheter ablation are not defined.

METHODS:
We included 22 consecutive patients (mean age, 68±10 years; male sex, 91%) with cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR [transthyretin], n=16; light chain, n=6) undergoing catheter ablation for VT/ventricular fibrillation (VF) between 2013 and 2023 in a retrospective, observational, international study. The primary efficacy outcome was recurrent VT/VF during follow-up, while the primary safety end point included major procedure-related adverse events.

RESULTS:

The indication for ablation was drug-refractory VT in 17 patients (77%), and premature ventricular complex–initiated polymorphic VT/VF in 5 patients (23%). Catheter ablation was performed using endocardial (n=17.77%) or endo-epicardial approaches (n=5.23%). Complete endocardial electroanatomical voltage maps of the left and right ventricles were obtained in 17 (77%) and 10 (45%) patients, respectively. Each patient had evidence of low-voltage areas, most commonly involving the interventricular septum (n=16); late potentials were recorded in 16 patients (73%). A median of 1 (1–2) VT was inducible per patient; 12 of the 26 mappable VTs (46%) originated from the interventricular septum. Complete procedural success was achieved in 16 patients (73%), with 4 (18%) major procedure-related adverse events. After a median follow-up of 32 (14–42) months, sustained VT/VF recurrence was observed in 9 patients (41%); survival free from VT/VF recurrence was 56% (95% CI, 36%–86%) at 36-month follow-up, and most patients remained on antiarrhythmic drugs. A significant reduction in per patient implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapies was noted in the 6-month period after ablation (before: 6 [4–9] versus after: 0 [0–0];
P
<0.001). In multivariable analysis, complete procedural success was associated with reduced risk of recurrent VT/VF (hazard ratio, 0.002;
P
=0.034).

CONCLUSIONS:
Catheter ablation can achieve control of recurrent VT/VF in more than half of patients with cardiac amyloidosis, and the reduction in VT/VF burden post-ablation may be relevant for quality of life. Septal substrate and risk of procedure-related complications challenge successful management of patients with cardiac amyloidosis and VT/VF.
Exceptionally Strong Equatorial Intermediate Current Events in the Indian Ocean Associated with Climate Modes
Authors: Zhong Qingwen , Chen Gengxin , Chen Ju 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Knowledge of the effects of climate modes on the equatorial intermediate current (EIC) remains limited. This paper investigates exceptional events of the EIC in the Indian Ocean and their relationships with climate modes at various time scales by using observations, reanalysis outputs, and a continuously stratified linear ocean model (LOM). A mooring at 80°E from 2015 to 2019 revealed four exceptionally strong EIC events, occurring in 2015 July–August (JA), 2016 January–February (JF), 2016 JA, and 2019 JF. Component analysis revealed that these exceptional events are attributed to the co-occurrence of the seasonal components peaking during JF and JA, as well as the larger current anomalies associated with intraseasonal and interannual components. In the intraseasonal band, the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) generates a significant EIC anomaly through a 40–50-day process involving equatorial waves. The MJO exerts a substantial effect when the amplitude of the MJO index exceeds 1 and the oscillation is in phase 4. In the interannual band, El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) can each independently contribute to the EIC anomaly. This contribution initiates during the mature phase and persists throughout the subsequent year. Concurrent occurrences of these effects can lead to larger interannual anomalies. Notably, El Niño–positive IOD (El Niño–pIOD) and La Niña–negative IOD (La Niña–nIOD) synergies are most pronounced in August and in January of the following year.

Significance Statement
Four exceptional equatorial intermediate current (EIC) events characterized by strong eastward velocities are observed in the Indian Ocean during 2015–19. This study explored their underlying dynamics and their relationships with climate modes. Climatologically, the EIC has seasonal cycles with peaks in January–February and July–August, which is helpful in producing exceptional EIC events. However, the occurrence of these events is attributed to the intensity of the intraseasonal and interannual variability that occurs around the seasonal cycle peaks. This study revealed that climate modes, including the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Indian Ocean dipole (IOD), contribute to exceptional EIC events in the intraseasonal and interannual bands. Notably, their influence is comparable, albeit contingent upon specific conditions.
The physical health and premature mortality of Indigenous Māori following first-episode psychosis diagnosis: A 15-year follow-up study
Authors: Monk Nathan J , Cunningham Ruth , Stanley James , Crengle Sue , Fitzjohn Julie , Kerdemelidis Melissa , Lockett Helen , McLachlan Andre D , Waitoki Waikaremoana , Lacey Cameron 
Published: August 2024

Background: People experiencing psychosis are at greater risk of physical health conditions and premature mortality. It is likely that Indigenous Māori youth, who experience additional systemic inequities caused by settler-colonisation, face even greater physical health and mortality risks following a diagnosis of first-episode psychosis. Objective: Compare Māori and non-Māori for risk of hospitalisation and mortality for up to 15 years following first-episode psychosis diagnosis. Methods: A cohort ( N = 14,122) of young people (16–24 years) with first-episode psychosis diagnosis between 2001 and 2019 were identified. Using crude Kaplan–Meier and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, Māori ( n = 5211) and non-Māori ( n = 8911) were compared on hospitalisation and mortality outcomes for up to 15 years. Results: In the 15 years following first-episode psychosis diagnosis, Māori had higher adjusted risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval = [1.01, 1.45]), hospitalisation with diabetes (hazard ratio = 1.44, 95% confidence interval = [1.15, 1.79]), injury/poisoning (hazard ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval = [1.05, 1.16]), general physical health conditions (hazard ratio = 1.07, 95% confidence interval = [1.02, 1.13]) and also appeared to be at greater risk of cardiovascular hospitalisations (hazard ratio = 1.34, 95% confidence interval = [0.97, 1.86]). Kaplan–Meier plots show hospitalisation and mortality inequities emerging approximately 4–7 years following first-episode psychosis diagnosis. Conclusions: Māori are at greater risk for hospitalisation and premature mortality outcomes following first-episode psychosis. Early screening and intervention, facilitated by culturally safe health service delivery, is needed to target these inequities early.
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of Self-Efficacy Measure for Sleep Apnea (SEMSA) Instrument
Authors: Alptekin Gizem , Ciray Nazmiye , Basoglu Ozen K. , Weaver Terri E. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Determining the self-efficacy perceptions of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients has a key role in health care practices. With further evaluation, the Self-Efficacy Measure for Sleep Apnea (SEMSA) could serve as a useful scale to develop specific interventions to increase self-efficacy in patients with OSA during the acceptance and maintenance of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. Objective: The aim of this study is to translate the SEMSA into Turkish and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the translation. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of patients recently diagnosed with CPAP-naïve OSA. Linguistic and content validity of the scale were evaluated, while exploratory factor analysis and 2-level confirmatory factor analysis were used for validity. Internal consistency and test-retest methods were used in reliability analyses. Results: The mean (SD) age of the patients with OSA was 51.36 (11.29), and 68% were male. The item factor loads obtained as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis ranged from 0.44 to 0.94, confirming the three-factor structure of the instrument. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.90. Measurements made within the scope of test-retest analysis were found to be related and consistent results were obtained in the intervening time ( P < .01). Conclusions: In this study, the Turkish version of SEMSA was found to be a valid and reliable tool and it could be used to evaluate the adherence-related cognition in Turkish patients with OSA on CPAP therapy.
Dialysis nanocomposite membranes based on carbon nanoforms inhibiting blood plasma protein adsorption
Authors: Wójtowicz Dominika , Kurpanik Roksana , Nguyen Ngoc Dominika , Wessley-Szponder Joanna , Stodolak-Zych Ewa 
Published: August 2024

Background: Protein adsorption on medical devices in contact with blood is a significant issue during renal replacement therapy. Main forces determining fouling are the electrostatic interactions between membrane and charged protein, but the dialysis membrane surface charges can be adjusted by modifying the polymer matrix to decrease the blood plasma protein adsorption. Methods: In this study, polysulfone membranes (PSU) were modified by incorporation of carbon nanoparticles such as: multiwall carbon nanotubes (2 wt.% MWCNT), graphene oxide (1 wt.% GO), and graphite (5 wt.% GR) during manufacturing process (nonsolvent-induced phase separation, NIPS). The PSU flat sheet membrane was the reference sample. Results: Observed morphology of nanocomposite membranes was similar (SEM imaging); all of them had finger-like pore structure with unimodal distribution of pore size and similar skin-to-support ratio (1:3). The carbon nanoadditives also influenced the surface wettability: hydrophobicity and surface free energy of membranes increased (polar components of energy were reduced, while the dispersive components were increased). Conclusion: The surface charge of nanocomposite membranes increased, when the polymer matrix has been modified with CNT or GR. This significantly affects the adsorption of proteins such as chicken (CSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) and reduces blood clotting on the membrane.
Analysis and structural evaluation of seawater-aged composite tidal turbine blades using multi-walled carbon nanotubes and acoustic emission
Authors: José-Trujillo Eduardo , Rubio-González Carlos , Rodríguez-González Julio A. 
Published: August 2024

The main objective of this research was to evaluate the piezoresistive response and mechanical performance of seawater-aged blades manufactured with glass fiber/epoxy resin incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). MWCNTs content was 0.75 wt. %, which was sufficient to form an electric percolation network. MWCNTs were dispersed in the fiber using the spray-coating method, allowing the entire blade outer surface to gain strain self-sensing capability. Exposure of the blades with and without MWCNT to seawater caused a moisture absorption of 1.67% and 1.56%, respectively. This caused damage such as matrix cracking, and fiber/matrix interfacial debonding. These effects were manifested by an increase in tip displacement of 13% and 1.43% in the blades with and without MWCNTs, also local deformations on the blade increased. The MWCNTs induced a positive effect on piezoresistive capability, resulting in the development of sensitivity to deformation. This showed that MWCNTs in the specified content is efficient for damage detection in complex structural components even after seawater aging while retaining maximum electrical resistance change of 0.45% and 0.26% on the tensile and compressive side, respectively. With acoustic emission (AE), it was confirmed that the presence of MWCNTs acts as toughening mechanisms reducing damage such as micro-cracks in the matrix.
Inhibitory Effects of Dioscoreae Rhizoma and Polygalae Radix Mixture Combined with Sorafenib in Hepatoma Xenografts Model
Authors: Shin Mi-Rae , Choi Jeong Won , Roh Seong-Soo 
Published: August 2024

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity worldwide. Objectives This study evaluated the enhanced efficacy of a combination of herbal medicine with sorafenib (MIX) in a transplantation tumor model induced by HepG2 cells in HCC. Materials and Methods The HepG2 cell transplantation tumor model was established by injecting HepG2 cells subcutaneously into BALB/c nude mice. The impact of MIX on tumor growth was observed. Granzyme B was used to measure natural killer (NK) cell activity. Prognostic markers of HCC, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were analyzed via real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, inflammation and apoptosis-related markers were assessed through serum analysis and Western blotting. Results Among the MIX groups, MIX25 (sorafenib 10 mg/kg + Dioscoreae rhizoma and Polygalae radix mixture 25 mg/kg) demonstrated the most significant effect. MIX25 effectively suppressed tumor volume and weight, enhanced apoptosis-promoting proteins (Bax, Cytochrome c, and Caspase-3), and reduced apoptosis-inhibiting proteins like survivin. Furthermore, MIX25 inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase inflammatory response and inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and cyclooxygenase-2. The MIX25 group exhibited superior effects on NK cell activity and cancer marker genes (AFP and TERT) compared to other drug-treated groups. Conclusion MIX25 effectively suppressed the proliferation of HepG2 cell transplantation tumors in BALB/c nude mice. It not only inhibited inflammatory markers but also enhanced cell apoptosis. Additionally, MIX25 significantly increased NK cell activity and reduced mRNA expressions of AFP and TERT. Overall, the combination of MIX25 with sorafenib shows promise as a potential treatment for patients with HCC.
The Impact of Digitalization on International Remittances in Developing Economies: The Paradox of Institutional Development
Authors: Nguyen Van Bon 
Published: August 2024

Digital technology significantly transforms economies by reducing transaction costs and promoting economic growth. Similarly, international remittances decrease poverty and improve employment. This article investigates whether digitalization increases international remittances in developing economies and how institutional development affects the nexus between digitalization and international remittances. The study employs internet users and fixed broadband subscriptions as proxies for digitalization and the difference generalized method of moments estimators to test the role of governance in the digitalization-international remittances nexus across 102 developing economies. The findings are counter-intuitive. First, digitalization and governance increase international remittances. Second, as a proxy for digitalization, the interaction term with internet users decreases international remittances, while the interaction term with fixed broadband subscriptions promotes them. Finally, trade openness, economic growth, and inflation are determinants of international remittances. From these findings, the article makes arguments to show the paradox of institutional development in developing economies and some policy lessons to improve institutional quality in promoting digital technology and attracting more international remittances. JEL Classification C23, G21, O47