bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of magnesium supplementation on muscle soreness in different type of physical activities: a systematic review
Authors: Tarsitano Maria Grazia , Quinzi Federico , Folino Katia , Greco Francesca , Oranges Francesco Pio , Cerulli Claudia , Emerenziani Gian Pietro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Magnesium is a micronutrient and an intracellular cation responsible for different biochemical reactions involved in energy production and storage, control of neuronal and vasomotor activity, cardiac excitability, and muscle contraction. Magnesium deficiency may result in impaired physical performance. Moreover, magnesium plays an important role on delayed onset muscle soreness after training. Thus, physically active individuals and sport specialists have to pay attention to magnesium supplementation (MgS). However, the type, timing and dosage of magnesium intake are not well elucidated yet. Hence, we aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effects of MgS on muscle soreness in physically active individuals. We focused exclusively on MgS, excluding those studies in which magnesium was administered together with other substances.

Methods
Three electronic databases and literature sources (PUBMED, SCOPUS and Web of Sciences-Core Collection) were searched, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. After the database search, 1254 articles were identified, and after excluding duplicates, 960 articles remained. Among these, 955 were excluded following the title and abstract screening. The remaining 5 articles were screened in full text and 4 study met the eligibility criteria.

Results
These studies showed that MgS reduced muscle soreness, improved performance, recovery and induced a protective effect on muscle damage.

Conclusion
To reach these positive effects, individuals engaged in intense exercise should have a Mg requirement 10–20% higher than sedentary people, to be taken in capsules and 2 h before training. Moreover, it is suggested to maintain magnesium levels in the recommended range during the off-season.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024501822.
Molecular alterations and prognosis of breast cancer with cutaneous metastasis
Authors: Xu Yan , Ding Li , Li Chao , Hua Bin , Wang Sha , Zhang Junli , Liu Cuicui , Guo Rongyun , Zhang YongQiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Cutaneous metastasis (CM) accounts for 5–30% of patients with breast cancer (BC) and presents unfavorable response to treatment and poor prognosis. A better understanding of the molecular alterations involved in metastasis is essential, which would help identify diagnostic and efficacy biomarkers for CM.

Materials
: We retrospectively reviewed a total of 13 patients with histological or cytological diagnosis of breast cancer and CM. Clinical information was extracted from the medical records. The mutational landscape of matched primary tumors with their lymph nodes or CM tissues were analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 425 cancer-relevant genes. All tissues were also analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The association of prognosis with various clinical and molecular factors was also evaluated.

Results
More than half of the patients were Ki67 low (< 50%, 53.7%). Most patients (12, 92.3%) had other metastasis sites other than skin. The median time from diagnosis to the presentation of CM (T1) was 15 months (range: 0–94 months) and the median time from CM to death (T2) was 13 months (range 1–78). The most frequently altered genes across the three types of tissues were TP53 (69.6%, 16/23), PIK3CA (34.8%, 8/23), and MYC (26.1%). The number of alterations in CM tends to be higher than in primary tumors (median 8 vs. 6, P = 0.077). Copy number loss in STK11, copy number gain in FGFR4, TERT, AR, FLT4 and VEGFA and mutations in ATRX, SRC, AMER1 and RAD51C were significantly enriched in CM (all P < 0.05). Ki67 high group (> 50%) showed significantly shorter T1 than the Ki67 low group (≤ 50%) (median 12.5 vs. 50.0 months, P = 0.036). TP53, PIK3CA mutations, and TERT amplification group were associated with inferior T2 (median 11 vs. 36 months, P = 0.065; 8 vs. 36 months, P = 0.013, 7 vs. 36 months, P = 0.003, respectively). All p values were not adjusted.

Conclusion
We compared the genomic features of primary breast cancer tissues with their corresponding CM tissues and discussed potential genes and pathways that may contribute to the skin metastasis of advanced breast cancers patients. TP53, PIK3CA mutant, and TERT amplification may serve as biomarkers for poor prognosis for CM patients.
Conventional vs. endoscopic-assisted curettage of benign bone tumours. An experimental study
Authors: Smolle Maria Anna , Jud Lukas , Scheurer Fabrice André , Hoch Armando , Ackermann Jakob , Fritz Benjamin , Müller Daniel Andreas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
This experimental study aimed at directly comparing conventional and endoscopic-assisted curettage towards (1) amount of residual tumour tissue (RTT) and (2) differences between techniques regarding surgical time and surgeons’ experience level.

Methods
Three orthopaedic surgeons (trainee, consultant, senior consultant) performed both conventional (4x each) and endoscopic-assisted curettages (4x each) on specifically prepared cortical-soft cancellous femur and tibia sawbone models. “Tumours” consisted of radio-opaque polyurethane-based foam injected into prepared holes. Pre- and postinterventional CT-scans were carried out and RTT assessed on CT-scans. For statistical analyses, percentage of RTT in relation to total lesion’s volume was used. T-tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied to assess differences between surgeons and surgical techniques regarding RTT and timing.

Results
Median overall RTT was 1% (IQR 1 – 4%). Endoscopic-assisted curettage was associated with lower amount of RTT (median, 1%, IQR 0 − 5%) compared to conventional curettage (median, 4%, IQR 0 − 15%, p = 0.024). Mean surgical time was prolonged with endoscopic-assisted (9.2 ± 2.9 min) versus conventional curettage (5.9 ± 2.0 min; p = 0.004). No significant difference in RTT amount (p = 0.571) or curetting time (p = 0.251) depending on surgeons’ experience level was found.

Conclusions
Endoscopic-assisted curettage appears superior to conventional curettage regarding complete tissue removal, yet at expenses of prolonged curetting time. In clinical practice, this procedure may be reserved for cases at high risk of recurrence (e.g. anatomy, histology).
Ovarian fibrosis: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets
Authors: Gu Mengqing , Wang Yibo , Yu Yang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOvarian fibrosis, characterized by the excessive proliferation of ovarian fibroblasts and the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), serves as one of the primary causes of ovarian dysfunction. Despite the critical role of ovarian fibrosis in maintaining the normal physiological function of the mammalian ovaries, research on this condition has been greatly underestimated, which leads to a lack of clinical treatment options for ovarian dysfunction caused by fibrosis. This review synthesizes recent research on the molecular mechanisms of ovarian fibrosis, encompassing TGF-β, extracellular matrix, inflammation, and other profibrotic factors contributing to abnormal ovarian fibrosis. Additionally, we summarize current treatment approaches for ovarian dysfunction targeting ovarian fibrosis, including antifibrotic drugs, stem cell transplantation, and exosomal therapies. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research progress on ovarian fibrosis and to propose potential therapeutic strategies targeting ovarian fibrosis for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction.
An open-label, randomized, non-inferiority trial of the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin versus an aminoglycoside + ciprofloxacin in the treatment of bubonic plague (IMASOY): study protocol for a randomized control trial—an update to the published protocol
Authors: Randremanana Rindra Vatosoa , Raberahona Mihaja , de Dieu Randria Mamy Jean , Bourner Josephine , Zadonirina Gabriella , Razananaivo Hanitra , Mayouya-Gamana Théodora , Mangahasimbola Reziky , Pesonel Elise , Gillesen Annelies , Rajerison Minoarisoa , Andrianaivoarimanana Voahangy , Edwards Tansy , Horby Peter , Olliaro Piero 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article reports an update to the protocol of the IMASOY trial, which was prospectively registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04110340) in October 2019.
At what risk? A research note on interviewer burden
Authors: Melvin Khadijah , Sweeney Erin , Buchman Katherine , Winford Eboni , Ansah Jessica , Wairimu Sandra , Martinez Will , Laughter Judson , Tree Jennifer Jabson 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
We report on our methodological experiences during an investigation of how institutional racism functions in healthcare. We found tension between balancing methodological rigor with the unanticipated consequence of interviewer burden.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and qualitatively analyzed using thematic content analysis. Interviewers also participated in weekly debriefing sessions and reported experiences with patients.

Results
Interviewers repeatedly experienced negative encounters with white patients during interviews. Themes included privilege to avoid racism, denial of racism, non-verbal discomfort, falsely claiming Native identities, and intimidation. These experiences were most pronounced with Black interviewers.

Discussion
Interviewer burden may need to be a consideration taken up in a variety of research contexts.
The effect of transcranial alternating current stimulation on cognitive flexibility and attention of children with intellectual disability: a case report
Authors: Ghahri Lalaklou Zahra , Haghighat-Manesh Elahe , Montazeri Ghahjavarestani AmirHossein , Ahmadi Ezzatollah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Intellectual disability is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairments in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. Cognitive flexibility and attention are crucial cognitive domains often affected in children with intellectual disability. This case report explores the novel use of transcranial alternating current stimulation, a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, to enhance these cognitive functions. The study’s novelty lies in its focus on alpha-wave frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation targeting specific Brodmann areas and its potential sustained impact on cognitive flexibility and attention in the pediatric population with intellectual disability.

Case presentation
The case study involved two elementary school students, both 7 years old with mild intellectual disability, one male and one female, both with Turkic ethnicity, from Shahid Fahmideh School for Exceptional Children in Khosrowshah, Iran. Both participants underwent a 2-week intervention with daily 20-minute sessions of transcranial alternating current stimulation at an alpha-wave frequency (10 Hz), targeting Brodmann areas F3 and P3. Cognitive flexibility and attention were assessed using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the Clock Test, administered at four time points: pre-intervention, week 1, week 2, and 1 month post-intervention. Statistical analysis showed significant improvements in both Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Clock Test scores for both participants compared with baseline, with sustained enhancement over time.

Conclusion
The findings from this case report indicate that transcranial alternating current stimulation may be a promising intervention for improving cognitive flexibility and attention in children with intellectual disability. The significant and sustained improvements observed suggest that transcranial alternating current stimulation could have a meaningful clinical impact on the cognitive development of this population. However, further research is needed to confirm the efficacy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and to explore its broader applicability and long-term effects in larger, more diverse populations.
Optimal control of a dengue model with cross-immunity
Authors: Kugelmann Bernd , Pulch Roland 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMathematical modelling of a dengue epidemic with two serotypes including a temporary cross-immunity yields a nonlinear system consisting of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We investigate an optimal control problem, where the integral of the infected humans is minimised within a time interval. The controls represent human actions to decrease the number of mosquitos in the model. An integral constraint is added, which takes a limitation on the sum of the human actions into account. On the one hand, we derive and apply a direct approach to solve the optimal control problem. Therein, a discretisation of the controls is constructed using spline interpolation in time. Consequently, a finite-dimensional constrained minimisation problem can be solved. On the other hand, we employ an indirect approach, where necessary conditions for an optimal solution are considered. This technique yields a multipoint boundary value problem of a larger system of ODEs including adjoint equations. We present results of numerical computations, where the two methods are compared.
Salmonella enteritidis acquires phage resistance through a point mutation in rfbD but loses some of its environmental adaptability
Authors: Zeng Yukun , Li Ping , Liu Shenglong , Shen Mangmang , Liu Yuqing , Zhou Xin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhage therapy holds promise as an alternative to antibiotics for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, host bacteria can quickly produce progeny that are resistant to phage infection. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to phage infection. We found that Rsm1, a mutant strain of Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) sm140, exhibited resistance to phage Psm140, which was originally capable of lysing its host at sm140. Whole genome sequencing analysis revealed a single nucleotide mutation at position 520 (C → T) in the rfbD gene of Rsm1, resulting in broken lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which is caused by the replacement of CAG coding glutamine with a stop codon TAG. The knockout of rfbD in the sm140ΔrfbD strain caused a subsequent loss of sensitivity toward phages. Furthermore, the reintroduction of rfbD in Rsm1 restored phage sensitivity. Moreover, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of rfbD in 25 resistant strains revealed a high percentage mutation rate of 64% within the rfbD locus. We assessed the fitness of four bacteria strains and found that the acquisition of phage resistance resulted in slower bacterial growth, faster sedimentation velocity, and increased environmental sensitivity (pH, temperature, and antibiotic sensitivity). In short, bacteria mutants lose some of their abilities while gaining resistance to phage infection, which may be a general survival strategy of bacteria against phages. This study is the first to report phage resistance caused by rfbD mutation, providing a new perspective for the research on phage therapy and drug-resistant mechanisms.
On the study of three-dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Abdelwahed Mohamed , Bade Rabe , Chaker Hedia , Hassine Maatoug 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work is devoted to the study of three-dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes equations on unstructured meshes. The approach used is based on separating the convection and diffusion parts. The convective flux is computed using the Godunov method. For the diffusive part, we present a new finite volume scheme. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the developed technique.
Trending on the use of Google mobility data in COVID-19 mathematical models
Authors: Deng Yang , Lin Hefei , He Daihai , Zhao Yi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGoogle mobility data has been widely used in COVID-19 mathematical modeling to understand disease transmission dynamics. This review examines the extensive literature on the use of Google mobility data in COVID-19 mathematical modeling. We mainly focus on over a dozen influential studies using Google mobility data in COVID-19 mathematical modeling, including compartmental and metapopulation models. Google mobility data provides valuable insights into mobility changes and interventions. However, challenges persist in fully elucidating transmission dynamics over time, modeling longer time series and accounting for individual-level correlations in mobility patterns, urging the incorporation of diverse datasets for modeling in the post-COVID-19 landscape.
M2-type tumor-associated macrophages upregulated PD-L1 expression in cervical cancer via the PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Guo Fan , Kong Weina , Li Dewei , Zhao Gang , Anwar Miyessar , Xia Feifei , Zhang Yuanming , Ma Cailing , Ma Xiumin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and purpose
PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have become a promising therapy. However, the response rate is lower than 30% in patients with cervical cancer (CC), which is related to immunosuppressive components in tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), as one of the most important immune cells, are involved in the formation of tumor suppressive microenvironment. Therefore, it will provide a theoretical basis for curative effect improvement about the regulatory mechanism of TAMs on PD-L1 expression.

Methods
The clinical data and pathological tissues of CC patients were collected, and the expressions of PD-L1, CD68 and CD163 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the macrophage subtypes involved in PD-L1 regulation. A co-culture model was established to observe the effects of TAMs on the morphology, migration and invasion function of CC cells, and the regulatory mechanism of TAMs on PD-L1.

Results
PD-L1 expression on tumor cells could predict the poor prognosis of patients. And there was a strong correlation between PD-L1 expression with CD163+TAMs infiltration. Similarly, PD-L1 expression was associated with M1/M2-type TAMs infiltration in bioinformatics analysis. The results of cell co-culture showed that M1/M2-type TAMs could upregulate PD-L1 expression, especially M2-type TAMs may elevate the PD-L1 expression via PI3K/AKT pathway. Meanwhile, M1/M2-type TAMs can affect the morphological changes, and enhance migration and invasion abilities of CC cells.

Conclusions
PD-L1 expression in tumor cells can be used as a prognostic factor and is closely related to CD163+TAMs infiltration. In addition, M2-type TAMs can upregulate PD-L1 expression in CC cells through PI3K/AKT pathway, enhance the migration and invasion capabilities, and affect the tumor progression.
Impact of high-altitude hypoxia on Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis pathological manifestations and inflammatory responses
Authors: Li Chunxia , Wang Xuehong , Cui Sen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is a common gastrointestinal disorder. Despite the high prevalence of Hp infection and chronic gastritis in the Tibetan Plateau, there is a lack of studies elucidating the influence of plateau hypoxia on Hp-induced gastritis. This study aimed to investigate the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on Hp-induced gastritis, particularly focusing on pathological manifestations and inflammatory responses.

Methods
This study was conducted from July 2023 to March 2024 at the Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University. Ninety patients diagnosed with chronic gastritis were enrolled in the study and divided into four groups based on their residential altitude and Hp infection status. Data on endoscopic and pathological characteristics were collected, along with serum oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.

Results
Patients with Hp gastritis exhibit distinctive features in the gastric mucosa, including diffuse erythema, enlarged folds, and white turbid mucus during endoscopy. Notably, individuals with Hp gastritis at high altitudes show a higher prevalence of diffuse erythema and enlarged folds. Pathological analysis reveals that these patients have elevated gastric mucosal inflammation scores and increased chronic and active inflammation. Furthermore, individuals with Hp gastritis at high altitudes demonstrate elevated levels of serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MDA, as well as reduced serum SOD and GSH-Px activities.

Conclusions
High-altitude hypoxia may exacerbate gastric mucosal damage by enhancing oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by Hp infection.
HIV associated lymphoma: latest updates from 2023 ASH annual meeting
Authors: Wang Chaoyu , Xiao Qing , Zhang Xiaomei , Liu Yao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe incidence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic factors of HIV-associated lymphoma remain poorly defined compared to HIV-negative lymphoma. Currently, there are no standard guidelines for treatment of these patients. We summarized several latest reports of HIV associated lymphoma from the 2023 ASH Annual Meeting (ASH2023).
Metatranscriptomics-guided genome-scale metabolic reconstruction reveals the carbon flux and trophic interaction in methanogenic communities
Authors: Yan Weifu , Wang Dou , Wang Yubo , Wang Chunxiao , Chen Xi , Liu Lei , Wang Yulin , Li Yu-You , Kamagata Yoichi , Nobu Masaru K. , Zhang Tong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite rapid advances in genomic-resolved metagenomics and remarkable explosion of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), the function of uncultivated anaerobic lineages and their interactions in carbon mineralization remain largely uncertain, which has profound implications in biotechnology and biogeochemistry.

Results
In this study, we combined long-read sequencing and metatranscriptomics-guided metabolic reconstruction to provide a genome-wide perspective of carbon mineralization flow from polymers to methane in an anaerobic bioreactor. Our results showed that incorporating long reads resulted in a substantial improvement in the quality of metagenomic assemblies, enabling the effective recovery of 132 high-quality genomes meeting stringent criteria of minimum information about a metagenome-assembled genome (MIMAG). In addition, hybrid assembly obtained 51% more prokaryotic genes in comparison to the short-read-only assembly. Metatranscriptomics-guided metabolic reconstruction unveiled the remarkable metabolic flexibility of several novel Bacteroidales-affiliated bacteria and populations from Mesotoga sp. in scavenging amino acids and sugars. In addition to recovering two circular genomes of previously known but fragmented syntrophic bacteria, two newly identified bacteria within Syntrophales were found to be highly engaged in fatty acid oxidation through syntrophic relationships with dominant methanogens Methanoregulaceae bin.74 and Methanothrix sp. bin.206. The activity of bin.206 preferring acetate as substrate exceeded that of bin.74 with increasing loading, reinforcing the substrate determinantal role.

Conclusion
Overall, our study uncovered some key active anaerobic lineages and their metabolic functions in this complex anaerobic ecosystem, offering a framework for understanding carbon transformations in anaerobic digestion. These findings advance the understanding of metabolic activities and trophic interactions between anaerobic guilds, providing foundational insights into carbon flux within both engineered and natural ecosystems.