bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between systemic hemodynamics and septic acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Legrand Matthieu , Dupuis Claire , Simon Christelle , Gayat Etienne , Mateo Joaquim , Lukaszewicz Anne-Claire , Payen Didier 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Introduction
The role of systemic hemodynamics in the pathogenesis of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) has received little attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between systemic hemodynamics and new or persistent of AKI in severe sepsis.

Methods
A retrospective study between 2006 and 2010 was performed in a surgical ICU in a teaching hospital. AKI was defined as development (new AKI) or persistent AKI during the five days following admission based on the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria. We studied the association between the following hemodynamic targets within 24 hours of admission and AKI: central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) or mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2).

Results
This study included 137 ICU septic patients. Of these, 69 had new or persistent AKI. AKI patients had a higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) (57 (46 to 67) vs. 45 (33 to 52), P < 0.001) and higher mortality (38% vs. 15%, P = 0.003) than those with no AKI or improving AKI. MAP, ScvO2 and CO were not significantly different between groups. Patients with AKI had lower DAP and higher CVP (P = 0.0003). The CVP value was associated with the risk of developing new or persistent AKI even after adjustment for fluid balance and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level (OR = 1.22 (1.08 to 1.39), P = 0.002). A linear relationship between CVP and the risk of new or persistent AKI was observed.

Conclusions
We observed no association between most systemic hemodynamic parameters and AKI in septic patients. Association between elevated CVP and AKI suggests a role of venous congestion in the development of AKI. The paradigm that targeting high CVP may reduce occurrence of AKI should probably be revised. Furthermore, DAP should be considered as a potential important hemodynamic target for the kidney.
Chromatin signatures at transcriptional start sites separate two equally populated yet distinct classes of intergenic long noncoding RNAs
Authors: Marques Ana C , Hughes Jim , Graham Bryony , Kowalczyk Monika S , Higgs Doug R , Ponting Chris P 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Background
Mammalian transcriptomes contain thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Some lncRNAs originate from intragenic enhancers which, when active, behave as alternative promoters producing transcripts that are processed using the canonical signals of their host gene. We have followed up this observation by analyzing intergenic lncRNAs to determine the extent to which they might also originate from intergenic enhancers.

Results
We integrated high-resolution maps of transcriptional initiation and transcription to annotate a conservative set of intergenic lncRNAs expressed in mouse erythroblasts. We subclassified intergenic lncRNAs according to chromatin status at transcriptional initiation regions, defined by relative levels of histone H3K4 mono- and trimethylation. These transcripts are almost evenly divided between those arising from enhancer-associated (elncRNA) or promoter-associated (plncRNA) elements. These two classes of 5′ capped and polyadenylated RNA transcripts are indistinguishable with regard to their length, number of exons or transcriptional orientation relative to their closest neighboring gene. Nevertheless, elncRNAs are more tissue-restricted, less highly expressed and less well conserved during evolution. Of considerable interest, we found that expression of elncRNAs, but not plncRNAs, is associated with enhanced expression of neighboring protein-coding genes during erythropoiesis.

Conclusions
We have determined globally the sites of initiation of intergenic lncRNAs in erythroid cells, allowing us to distinguish two similarly abundant classes of transcripts. Different correlations between the levels of elncRNAs, plncRNAs and expression of neighboring genes suggest that functional lncRNAs from the two classes may play contrasting roles in regulating the transcript abundance of local or distal loci.
Functional coupling of chloride–proton exchanger ClC-5 to gastric H+,K+-ATPase
Authors: Takahashi Yuji , Fujii Takuto , Fujita Kyosuke , Shimizu Takahiro , Higuchi Taiga , Tabuchi Yoshiaki , Sakamoto Hisato , Naito Ichiro , Manabe Koji , Uchida Shinichi , Sasaki Sei , Ikari Akira , Tsukada Kazuhiro , Sakai Hideki 
Published: November 2013

Summary
It has been reported that chloride–proton exchanger ClC-5 and vacuolar-type H+-ATPase are essential for endosomal acidification in the renal proximal cells. Here, we found that ClC-5 is expressed in the gastric parietal cells which secrete actively hydrochloric acid at the luminal region of the gland, and that it is partially localized in the intracellular tubulovesicles in which gastric H+,K+-ATPase is abundantly expressed. ClC-5 was co-immunoprecipitated with H+,K+-ATPase in the lysate of tubulovesicles. The ATP-dependent uptake of 36Cl− into the vesicles was abolished by 2-methyl-8-(phenylmethoxy)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-acetonitrile (SCH28080), an inhibitor of H+,K+-ATPase, suggesting functional expression of ClC-5. In the tetracycline-regulated expression system of ClC-5 in the HEK293 cells stably expressing gastric H+,K+-ATPase, ClC-5 was co-immunoprecipitated with H+,K+-ATPase, but not with endogenous Na+,K+-ATPase. The SCH28080-sensitive 36Cl− transporting activity was observed in the ClC-5-expressing cells, but not in the ClC-5-non-expressing cells. The mutant (E211A-ClC-5), which has no H+ transport activity, did not show the SCH28080-sensitive 36Cl− transport. On the other hand, both ClC-5 and its mutant (E211A) significantly increased the activity of H+,K+-ATPase. Our results suggest that ClC-5 and H+,K+-ATPase are functionally associated and that they may contribute to gastric acid secretion.
Metal metaphyseal sleeves in revision total knee replacement
Authors: Agarwal S. , Azam A. , Morgan-Jones R. 
Published: November 2013

Bone loss in the proximal tibia and distal femur is frequently encountered in revision knee replacement surgery. The various options for dealing with this depend on the extent of any bone loss. We present our results with the use of cementless metaphyseal metal sleeves in 103 patients (104 knees) with a mean follow-up of 43 months (30 to 65). At final follow-up, sleeves in 102 knees had good osseointegration. Two tibial sleeves were revised for loosening, possibly due to infection.The average pre-operative Oxford Knee Score was 23 (11 to 36) and this improved to 32 (15 to 46) post-operatively. These early results encourage us to continue with the technique and monitor the outcomes in the long term.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1640–4.
The treatment of stable paediatric forearm fractures using a cast that may be removed at home
Authors: Hamilton T. W. , Hutchings L. , Alsousou J. , Tutton E. , Hodson E. , Smith C. H. , Wakefield J. , Gray B. , Symonds S. , Willett K. 
Published: November 2013

We investigated whether, in the management of stable paediatric fractures of the forearm, flexible casts that can be removed at home are as clinically effective, cost-effective and acceptable to both patient and parent as management using a cast conventionally removed in hospital. A single-centre randomised controlled trial was performed on 317 children with a mean age of 9.3 years (2 to 16). No significant differences were seen in the change in Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire index score (p = 0.10) or EuroQol 5-Dimensions domain scores between the two groups one week after removal of the cast or the absolute scores at six months. There was a significantly lower overall median treatment cost in the group whose casts were removed at home (£150.88 (sem 1.90) vs £251.62 (sem 2.68); p < 0.001). No difference was seen in satisfaction between the two groups (p = 0.48). Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1714–20.
Long-term follow-up of mobile-bearing total ankle replacement in patients with inflammatory joint disease
Authors: Kraal T. , van der Heide H. J. L. , van Poppel B. J. , Fiocco M. , Nelissen R. G. H. H. , Doets H. C. 
Published: November 2013

Little is known about the long-term outcome of mobile-bearing total ankle replacement (TAR) in the treatment of end-stage arthritis of the ankle, and in particular for patients with inflammatory joint disease. The aim of this study was to assess the minimum ten-year outcome of TAR in this group of patients. We prospectively followed 76 patients (93 TARs) who underwent surgery between 1988 and 1999. No patients were lost to follow-up. At latest follow-up at a mean of 14.8 years (10.7 to 22.8), 30 patients (39 TARs) had died and the original TAR remained in situ in 28 patients (31 TARs). The cumulative incidence of failure at 15 years was 20% (95% confidence interval (CI) 11 to 28). The mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle–hindfoot score of the surviving patients at latest follow-up was 80.4 (95% CI 72 to 88). In total, 21 patients (23 TARs) underwent subsequent surgery: three implant exchanges, three bearing exchanges and 17 arthrodeses. Neither design of TAR described in this study, the LCS and the Buechel–Pappas, remains currently available. However, based both on this study and on other reports, we believe that TAR using current mobile-bearing designs for patients with end-stage arthritis of the ankle due to inflammatory joint disease remains justified. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1656–61.
Asymptomatic pseudotumours after metal-on-metal hip resurfacing show little change within one year
Authors: van der Weegen W. , Brakel K. , Horn R. J. , Hoekstra H. J. , Sijbesma T. , Pilot P. , Nelissen R. G. H. H. 
Published: November 2013

The aim of this study was to establish the natural course of unrevised asymptomatic pseudotumours after metal-on-metal (MoM) hip resurfacing during a six- to 12-month follow-up period. We used repeated metal artefact reduction sequence (MARS)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), serum metal ion analysis and clinical examination to study 14 unrevised hips (mean patient age 52.7 years, 46 to 68, 5 female, 7 male) with a pseudotumour and 23 hips (mean patient age 52.8 years, 38 to 69, 7 female, 16 male) without a pseudotumour. The mean post-operative time to the first MARS-MRI scan was 4.3 years (2.2 to 8.3), and mean time between the first and second MARS-MRI scan was eight months (6 to 12). At the second MRI scan, the grade of severity of the pseudotumour had not changed in 35 hips. One new pseudotumour (Anderson C2 score, moderate) was observed, and one pseudotumour was downgraded from C2 (moderate) to C1 (mild). In general, the characteristics of the pseudotumours hardly changed. Repeated MARS-MRI scans within one year in patients with asymptomatic pseudotumours after MoM hip resurfacing showed little or no variation. In 23 patients without pseudotumour, one new asymptomatic pseudotumour was detected. This is the first longitudinal study on the natural history of pseudotumours using MARS-MRI scans in hip resurfacing, and mirrors recent results for 28 mm diameter MoM total hip replacement. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1626–31.
Impact of Radiotherapy Treatment on Jordanian Cancer Patients’ Quality of Life and Fatigue
Authors: Abu Obead Kholoud , Batiha Abdul-Monim Mohammad , Al-Jauissy Mohammed Said , Alhalaiqa Fadwa , AlBashtawy Mohammed 
Published: November 2013

Background: The distressing treatment of cancer whether chemotherapy or radiotherapy is associated with fatigue and has negative impact on patient quality of life (QOL). Objectives: The purposes of this study were to examine the impact of radiotherapy treatment on Jordanian cancer patients’ QOL and fatigue, and to explore the relationship between fatigue and QOL. Methods: One group quasi-experimental correlational design was used with 82 patients who had been diagnosed with cancer and required radiotherapy treatment. QOL was measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). Fatigue was measured using Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS). Data were collected over a period of three months, and analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation, descriptive statistics and paired-sample t-test. Results: Significant differences were found between pre- and post- radiotherapy QOL mean total scores (t=19.3, df=79, P<0.05), as well as physical, emotional, sexual, and functional wellbeing dimensions. Statistically significant differences were found between pre- and post- radiotherapy fatigue mean total scores (t=-8.95, df=79, P<0.05), as well as on behavioral, affective, sensory, and cognitive dimensions of PFS. Quality of life total scores correlated significantly and negatively with total fatigue scores (P<0.01). Conclusions: Exposure of cancer patient to radiotherapy treatment increased their fatigue level and decreased their QOL. Nurses should assess cancer patients before, during, and after their treatment to design proper interventions to reduce fatigue and enhance QOL.
Computational Antioxidant Capacity Simulation (CAOCS): A Novel Framework of Antioxidant Capacity Profiling
Authors: Idowu Sunday O. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Inconsistent ranking is a well-known drawback of antioxidant capacity (AOC) profiling methodologies that use free-radical species as oxidant. This problem leads to assay results that are not biorelevant. Linear free energy relationships (LFER) theory predicts proton transfer (PT) kinetics as a surrogate for biorelevant hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) kinetics. Computational antioxidant capacity simulation (CAOCS), based on real-time proton transfer kinetics modeling (PTKM) of polyphenols and phenol-like small molecules, inspired a novel AOC profiling methodology.
Kinetic data acquired by incremental addition of resorcinol to an oxidized probe (phenol red), was fitted to mono-exponential decay equation (MED). Absorbance decay data from strongly antioxidant phenol-like molecules (e.g. ascorbic acid) and a new chromogenic probe (phenolphthalein) was fitted to MED and bi-exponential decay equation. The preferred model and corresponding best-fit rate constant (K
ptt) was identified by comparison of fits, using Akaike’s Information Criterion (AICc).
Photometric phenolphthalein assay (PPA)-derived metric was normalized with photometric phenol red assay (PPRA) results by using a function developed from proton concentration differential between phenolphthalein and phenol red, with respect to decay threshold to plateau (assay endpoint) interval. pKa dependence of the CAOCS’ metric is a signature of structure–function relationships, and hence, biorelevance.
It is shown, unambiguously, that a combination of two phenolic probe molecules, an analytical system devoid of free radicals, and statistical identification of preferred exponential decay fit to PT kinetics data, constitutes a novel algorithm for AOC profiling of polyphenols and phenol-like molecules. This methodology holds a promise of utility in quality assurance of dietary supplements.
Anomalous thermal expansion behaviors of wood under dry and low-temperature conditions
Authors: Miki Tsunehisa , Sugimoto Hiroyuki , Furuta Yuzo , Shigematsu Ichinori , Kanayama Kozo 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The thermal expansion behavior of dry solid wood was investigated by dynamic dilatometry and thermal mechanical analysis. Anomalous thermal expansion behavior was observed concerning the displacement change under a constant compression pressure, which was not previously reported. Wood submitted to temperatures below 0°C under dry conditions exhibited a large increment in the linear thermal expansion coefficient (CLTE) and a sudden drop in the CLTE around 50°C as well as above 130°C during heating. In subsequent cooling/heating processes, these anomalous behaviors remained at temperatures below 100°C, although less pronounced, and disappeared at temperatures above 100°C. These behaviors were clearly perceptible in the radial and tangential directions but not in the longitudinal direction. The CLTE depended strongly on the heat and moisture history of the samples and the effects are species-specific.
On a theorem of Carlitz
Authors: Zieve Michael E. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract.
Carlitz proved that, for any prime power q > 2, the group of all permutations of 𝔽
q

is generated by the permutations induced by degree-one polynomials and
x

q-2. His proof relies on a remarkable polynomial which appears
to have been found by magic. We show here that no magic is required:
there is a straightforward
way to produce a simple polynomial which has the same remarkable properties
as the complicated polynomial in Carlitz's proof. We also identify the
crucial subtlety which allows such simple polynomials to exist, and discuss
some consequences.
All-fiber lasers through photonic crystal fibers
Authors: Pinto Ana M.R. , Lopez-Amo Manuel 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA review on all-fiber lasers based on photonic crystal fibers is presented. Photonic crystal fibers present improved features beyond what conventional optical fibers can offer. Due to their geometric versatility, photonic crystal fibers can present special properties and abilities which can lead to enhanced lasing structures. A brief description of photonic crystal fibers and fiber laser’s properties is presented. All-fiber laser structures developed using photonic crystal fibers are described and divided in two groups, depending on the cavity topology: ring cavity fiber lasers and linear cavity fiber lasers. All-fiber lasers applications in the photonic crystal fiber related sensing field are described.
Photonic crystal fiber amplifiers for high power ultrafast fiber lasers
Authors: Alkeskjold Thomas T. , Laurila Marko , Weirich Johannes , Johansen Mette M. , Olausson Christina B. , Lumholt Ole , Noordegraaf Danny , Maack Martin D. , Jakobsen Christian 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn recent years, ultrafast laser systems using large-mode-area fiber amplifiers delivering several hundreds of watts of average power has attracted significant academic and industrial interest. These amplifiers can generate hundreds of kilowatts to megawatts of peak power using direct amplification and multi-gigawatts of peak power using pulse stretching techniques. These amplifiers are enabled by advancements in Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) design and manufacturing technology. In this paper, we will give a short overview of state-of-the-art PCF amplifiers and describe the performance in ultrafast ps laser systems.
Microcellular injection molding of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) blends with chain extenders and nanoclay
Authors: Srithep Yottha , Turng Lih-Sheng 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) resin is one of the most widely used thermoplastics, especially in packaging. Due to thermal and hydrolytic degradations, recycled PET (RPET) exhibits poor mechanical properties and lacks moldability. The effects of adding chain extender (CE) and nanoclay to RPET were investigated. Melt blending of RPET with CE was performed in a thermokinetic mixer (K-mixer). The blended materials were then prepared via solid and microcellular injection molding processes. The effects of CE loading levels and the simultaneous addition of nanoclay on the thermal and mechanical properties and cell morphology of the microcellular components were noted. The addition of 1.3% CE enhanced the tensile properties and viscosity of RPET. The higher amount of CE (at 3%) enhanced the viscosity, but the margin of improvement in mechanical properties diminished. While the solid RPET and CE blends were fairly ductile, the samples with nanoclay and all microcellular specimens showed brittle fractural behavior. Finally, nanoclay and the increase of CE content decreased the average cell size and enlarged the cell density of the microcellular samples.
Isotopic ecology of fossil fauna from Olduvai Gorge at ca 1.8 Ma, compared with modern fauna
Authors: Van der Merwe Nikolaas J. 
Published: November 2013

Light stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ18O) of tooth enamel have been widely used to determine the diets and water sources of fossil fauna. The carbon isotope ratios indicate whether the plants at the base of the food web used C3 or C4 photosynthetic pathways, while the oxygen isotope ratios indicate the composition of the local rainfall and whether the animals drank water or obtained it from plants. The contrasting diets of two early hominin species – Homo habilis and Paranthropus boisei – of ca 1.8 Ma (million years ago) in Tanzania were determined by means of stable carbon isotope analysis of their tooth enamel in a previous study. The diets of two specimens of P. boisei, from Olduvai and Peninj, proved to be particularly unusual, because 80% of their carbon was derived from C4 plants. It was suggested that their diet consisted primarily of plants, with particular emphasis on papyrus, a C4sedge. The dominance of C4 plants in the diet of P. boisei is a finding supported in another study of 22 specimens from Kenya. The isotopic ecology and diets of fossil fauna that were present at the same time as the two fossil hominin species are described here, in order to provide a fuller understanding of their contrasting diets and of the moisture sources of their water intake. This information was then compared with the isotopic composition of modern fauna from the same region of Tanzania. The carbon isotope ratios for both fossil and modern specimens show that the habitats in which these faunal populations lived were quite similar – grassland or wooded grassland. They had enough bushes and trees to support a few species of browsers, but most of the animals were grazers or mixed feeders. The oxygen isotope ratios of the fossil and modern fauna were, however, very different, suggesting strongly that the source of moisture for the rain in the Olduvai region has changed during the past 1.8 million years.
Geographical input to local public transport planning in Poland
Authors: Chaberko Tomasz , Kretowicz Paweł 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis paper addresses geographical contributions to public transport planning in Poland according to the newly adopted legislation: the Act of 16 December 2010 on public transport and the Regulation of 25 May 2011 on the detailed scope of sustainable development plan of public transport. The authors investigate the application of geographical approach to public transport planning on the local level and its perspectives with a special regard to a public transport plan as the main document introduced by law in order to aid local governments in organising and managing transport services of general interest. This paper also prompts geographers to pay more attention to the ongoing changes in the legislature concerning public transport and encourages them to get involved in public transport planning both in practice and through scientific research. The authors present a few examples of preliminary selected areas deprived of appropriate public transport, hence predisposed for transport of general interest.