bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of the long form of Plod2 phenocopies contractures of Bruck syndrome—osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Kot Alexander , Chun Cora , Martin Jorge H , Wachtell Davis , Hudson David , Weis MaryAnn , Marks Haley , Srivastava Siddharth , Eyre David R , Duran Ivan , Zieba Jennifer , Krakow Deborah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Bruck syndrome is an autosomal recessive form of osteogenesis imperfecta caused by biallelic variants in PLOD2 or FKBP10 and is characterized by joint contractures, bone fragility, short stature, and scoliosis. PLOD2 encodes LH2, which hydroxylates type I collagen telopeptide lysines, a critical step for collagen crosslinking. The Plod2 global knockout mouse model is limited by early embryonic lethality, and thus, the role of PLOD2 in skeletogenesis is not well understood. We generated a novel Plod2 mouse line modeling a variant identified in two unrelated individuals with Bruck syndrome: PLOD2 c.1559dupC, predicting a frameshift and loss of the long isoform LH2b. In the mouse, the duplication led to loss of LH2b mRNA as well as significantly reduced total LH2 protein. This model, Plod2fs/fs, survived up to E18.5 although in non-Mendelian genotype frequencies. The homozygous frameshift model recapitulated the joint contractures seen in Bruck syndrome and had indications of absent type I collagen telopeptide lysine hydroxylation in bone. Genetically labeling tendons with Scleraxis-GFP in Plod2fs/fs mice revealed the loss of extensor tendons in the forelimb by E18.5, and developmental studies showed extensor tendons developed through E14.5 but were absent starting at E16.5. Second harmonic generation showed abnormal tendon type I collagen fiber organization, suggesting structurally abnormal tendons. Characterization of the skeleton by μCT and Raman spectroscopy showed normal bone mineralization levels. This work highlights the importance of properly crosslinked type I collagen in tendon and bone, providing a promising new mouse model to further our understanding of Bruck syndrome.
Chorological abductive inferring: case studies of tracing spatial dissemination of COVID-19
Authors: Werner Piotr A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
COVID-19 did not disappear in the third year (2022) of the global pandemic. On the contrary, the number of infected people several times exceeded the highs of previous years, but the greater morbidity was not accompanied by a relatively comparable number of deaths. Some studies showed that the SARS-CoV-2 virus impact, e.g. in CEE EU countries, characterizes the seasonal intensity as temperatures fall or rise in relative humidity. All researchers agree that the number of COVID-19-infected people is only an estimate based on the volume of tests performed and that the true numbers are usually much higher. The implementation of spatial interaction modeling could potentially aid in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic due to the inherently spatial nature of its diffusion. The gravity models used in this investigation to simulate the regional spread of the COVID-19 epidemic are based methodologically on previous empirical studies. The proposed methodology uses techniques for modeling spatial interactions due to the epidemics described above, which are a direct result of the number of contacts between individuals. The COVID-19 pandemic can be studied regionally using spatial diffusion methods as well as population potential models (spatial interaction models) and visualized using geographic information system software. Empirical verification and geovisualizations are based on available recent population and pandemic statistics that are possible to acquire from national health services. Methodologically, this type of modeling and simulation aimed at reconstructing a factual situation can be defined as abductive chorological inferring.
A Sparse Approximate Factor Model for High-Dimensional Covariance Matrix Estimation and Portfolio Selection
Authors: Daniele Maurizio , Pohlmeier Winfried , Zagidullina Aygul 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We propose a novel estimation approach for the covariance matrix based on the l1-regularized approximate factor model (AFM). Our sparse approximate factor (SAF) covariance estimator allows for the existence of weak factors and hence relaxes the pervasiveness assumption generally adopted for the standard AFM. We prove the consistency of the covariance matrix estimator under the Frobenius norm as well as the consistency of the factor loadings and the factors. Our Monte Carlo simulations reveal that the SAF covariance estimator has superior properties in finite samples for low and high dimensions and different designs of the covariance matrix. Moreover, in an out-of-sample portfolio forecasting application, the estimator uniformly outperforms alternative portfolio strategies based on alternative covariance estimation approaches and modeling strategies including the 1/N-strategy.
Treaty interpretation, multilinguism, and the WTO dispute settlement system: towards the comparative translation paradigm?
Authors: Margiotta Broglio Costanza , Ortino Federico 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Despite a growing emphasis on the interpretive methods employed by international courts and tribunals driven by their potential to address the issue of international law fragmentation, the multilingual aspect of interpretation, codified in Article 33 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), has received the least amount of attention from international lawyers. However, the multilingual complexity, rarely found in national legal systems, is precisely one of the reasons why scholars of legal interpretation are fascinated by international law. Based on a critical review of the VCLT approach to the interpretation of multilingual treaties, this work argues for an alternative approach, which we refer to as the ‘comparative translation’ paradigm. In addition to putting forward a normative case in favour of this alternative approach, we also aim to show how the World Trade Organization dispute settlement organs have started, at least to some extent, to embrace the new paradigm
Four years of real-world sexual function outcomes after Rezum therapy in men with and without baseline erectile dysfunction
Authors: Hawks-Ladds Noah , Cook Ryan , Babar Mustufa , Zhu Michael , Schulz Alison , Loloi Justin , Masoud Zaki , Singh Jaskirat , Jamil Hasan , Sayed Rahman , Ines Matthew , Ciatto Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Rezum alleviates lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) while preserving sexual function, but long-term sexual function outcomes are lacking in patients with baseline erectile dysfunction (ED).

Aim
The study sought to analyze 4 years of real-world sexual function outcomes of Rezum using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire, stratified by baseline ED status.

Methods
Participants included multiethnic Rezum-treated patients from a single outpatient office. IIEF domains and BPH medication usage were compared at baseline and 6, 12, and 48 months using t tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, chi-square tests, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests.

Outcomes
Primary outcomes over 4 years included the IIEF functional domains (erectile function [EF], orgasmic function [OF], sexual desire [SD], intercourse satisfaction [IS], overall satisfaction [OS]) and BPH medication usage.

Results
A total of 91 patients were included: 40 (44%) in the ED cohort and 51 (56%) in the no ED cohort. History of diabetes was more prevalent in the ED cohort (35% vs 15.7%; P = .048). Baseline scores in the EF, OF, IS, and OS domains were lower in the ED cohort. Compared with baseline, there were no significant changes in any IIEF domains in either cohort at 6 months. At 12 months, the ED cohort had significant percent decreases in OF (−25%; P = .02), SD (−22.2%; P = .04), and OS (−33.3%; P = .004); the no ED cohort had a significant percent increase in EF (5%; P = .04). At 48 months, the no ED cohort had no significant changes in any IIEF domains, while the ED cohort had significant percent increases in EF (30%; P = .01), SD (22.5%; P = .02), IS (20%; P = .01), and OS (58.3%; P = .008). Both cohorts significantly discontinued BPH medications at all follow-ups. At 48 months, there were no cases of de novo ED in the no ED cohort.

Clinical Implications
As modern BPH therapies continue to demonstrate efficacy in alleviating lower urinary tract symptoms, the preservation or improvement of sexual function emerges as an increasingly important consideration for patients, with our study suggesting Rezum as a compelling option.

Strengths and Limitations
Our study has the strength of long-term Rezum outcomes in an ethnically diverse patient population, stratified by the presence of baseline ED, but is limited by retrospective design, single-center nature, and small sample sizes at long-term follow-ups.

Conclusion
Rezum preserved long-term sexual function in patients without baseline ED and improved sexual function in those with baseline ED; however, individuals with ED may experience temporary decreases in sexual function at 12 months.
Herbicide-resistant 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase variants identified via directed evolution
Authors: Qian Hongjia , Shi Huazhong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Herbicides play a crucial role in boosting crop yields, yet the emergence of herbicide-resistant weeds and the susceptibility of crops to herbicides have posed significant challenges to their efficacy. β-Triketone herbicides specifically target the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), which is essential for plant growth. Remarkably, few resistant weeds have been identified against these herbicides. In this study, we aimed to identify mutations within the cotton HPPD gene that confer resistance to mesotrione, a widely used triketone herbicide. Through the establishment of a high-throughput mutant screening system in Escherichia coli, we identified four single nucleotide changes leading to amino acid substitutions in HPPD, resulting in mesotrione resistance while preserving native enzymatic activity. Various combinations of these mutations displayed synergistic effects on herbicide resistance. Additionally, the HPPD variants were able to complement the Arabidopsis athppd mutant, indicating their retention of sufficient native activity for plant growth and development. Expression of these cotton HPPD variants in Arabidopsis resulted in heightened herbicide resistance. These findings offer critical insights into the target amino acids of HPPD for gene editing, paving the way for the development of herbicide-resistant cotton in the future.
Identifying Sample Provenance From SEM/EDS Automated Particle Analysis via Few-Shot Learning Coupled With Similarity Graph Clustering
Authors: Eshun Jasmine , Lamar Natalie C , Aksoy Sinan G , Akers Sarah , Garcia Benjamin , Cunningham Heather , Chin George , Bilbrey Jenna A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Automated particle analysis (APA) provides a vast amount of compositional data via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy along with size and shape data via scanning electron microscopy for individual particles in a sample. In many instances, APA data are leveraged to support identification of the source of a sample based on the detection of particles of a specific composition. Often, the particles that provide context make up a minuscule portion of the sample. Additionally, the interpretation of complex samples can be difficult due to the diversity of compositions both in the mixture and within a particle. In this work, we demonstrate a method to compute and cluster similarity graphs that describe inter-particle relationships within a sample using a multi-modal few-shot learning neural network. As a proof-of-concept, we show that samples known to have been exposed to gunshot residue can be distinguished from samples occasionally mistaken for gunshot residue. Our workflow builds upon standard APA techniques and data processing methods to unveil additional information in a readily interpretable and quantitatively comparable format.
Preparing for the Exercise Prescription
Authors: Smits Jasper A. J. , Otto Michael W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the preparation for the exercise prescription. Exercise-based treatment is initiated by providing clients with accurate expectations about both the benefits of and barriers to a successful exercise program. The discussion of barriers emphasizes the role of motivation and the importance of context and behavioral chaining in making low-motivation activities easier to achieve. These preparatory interventions for an exercise program can be covered in one or several sessions. The chapter emphasizes the importance of managing clients’ motivational issues. The goal of initial discussions is to help clients recognize that an exercise program will require effort and comes with challenges.
Exercise for Depressed Mood
Authors: Smits Jasper A. J. , Otto Michael W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses how depression can be targeted with an exercise program. The therapist should encourage clients to consider low mood and poor motivation as reasons to exercise rather than reasons to remain inactive. The client must realize that depression is a syndrome that involves negative thinking and impaired motivation and is a disorder that can be treated by action. Such education on the nature of depression serves a number of functions, such as taking away the mystery of experiencing depression and reducing self-criticism around its symptoms. The chapter also provides information on how exercise can be applied to clients with bipolar disorder and how clients can monitor their daily routine.
About This Workbook
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the workbook designed to help structure and maintain an exercise program about improving mood, anxiety, cognition, resilience, or habit control. According to research, a program of exercise can be used to treat depression and can achieve results that rival those provided by antidepressant medication or psychotherapy. Over time, exercise can become an activity that people do because they want comfort and a mood lift. The chapter also highlights the importance of a support team when partaking in an exercise program. It provides a worksheet to help work with mental health goals and review a person’s history of exercise.
Extending Your Exercise Program—Enjoyable Activities and Sleep
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses how to extend the exercise program while adding more enjoyable activities and sleep to the list. It mentions how enhancing enjoyable activities and improving sleep can strengthen a person’s well-being from exercise. Since the exercise program is designed to provide a natural and effective mood lift, people must have a balance of activities that are pleasurable while achieving a sense of accomplishment. Moreover, they must expect to continue a program of warming up and cooling down at every point of transition so the body can adapt well to new exercise options. The chapter offers tips to stave off bad sleep habits that may reduce quality sleep time.
Exercise Targeted to Depression
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on exercise that targets depression. Major depression is a medical disorder characterized by symptoms, like blue mood and negative thinking, that are present daily or nearly every day for at least two weeks. When exercising to help relieve depression, people must be prepared to have a rumination-free period during the exercise session. The chapter highlights the importance of self-coaching around negative and repetitive thoughts. It then introduces the Exercise+ approach to improve mood and an aerobic workout to lift its mood effects, while also considering how to use a support team and then sustain and increase activity levels.
Bipolar Disorder and Exercise
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the role of exercise in managing the symptoms of bipolar disorder. It defines bipolar disorder as recurrent episodes of mood disturbance that occur on two poles, which are periods of depression and mood elevation. While the dominant treatment for bipolar disorder involves medication, research shows that certain types of psychotherapies and exercise can help manage bipolar disorder and prevent relapse. The chapter elaborates on the notion of loaded words; becoming aware of these loaded words could help to manage bipolar disorder. It emphasizes the importance of practicing balance while exercising for bipolar disorder and stabilizing the mood for the long term.
Stress, Worry, and Panic Disorder
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents the common patterns underlying anxiety and panic disorders. One of the most effective treatments for panic disorder is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which includes eliminating the power of "what if" thoughts and exposing the client to the sensations associated with anxiety and panic. Thus, exercise can help address the patterns by helping the client become comfortable with the rapid heart rate, rapid breathing, sweating, and a host of other bodily sensations produced by vigorous exercise. The chapter explains that therapists may play an active role in using exercise as part of formal exposure therapy. Worksheets are provided for panic-related concerns, anxiety, and panic.
Exercise for Psychological Resilience
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the concept of psychological resilience, which is the ability to recover from stress and adversity. It explains that exercise can help enhance psychological resilience while also improving comfort with sensations of anxiety. Additionally, relapse prevention helps people well after most of the core symptoms have resolved and aims to go beyond the feelings of well-being and provide additional protection against risks of relapse. The chapter elaborates on how exercise benefits the mind and mood in an effort to achieve mind/body balance. It then suggests adding mindfulness to exercise to improve present-focused attention and an open and accepting attitude toward the objects of attention.
Smoking Cessation and Other Habit Control
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers how exercise can be used to increase the chances of success of difficult tasks, such as quitting smoking. It provides an overview of the process of quitting smoking and handling the subsequent smoking withdrawal symptoms. Exercise appears to reduce the client’s sensitivity to the withdrawal sensations and the low, anxious, or irritable moods that accompany a quit attempt, so regular exercise can help people become resilient to the classic causes of smoking relapse. The chapter presents a worksheet that can help the client build a quit plan for smoking cessation. It mentions how exercise can also apply similarly to quitting habits other than smoking.
Abilities and the Epistemology of Ordinary Modality
Authors: Vetter Barbara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Over the past two decades, modal epistemology has turned its attention to ordinary modal knowledge. This paper brings to the fore a neglected but central form of ordinary modal knowledge: knowledge of agentive modality, and in particular of our own abilities, which I call ‘ability knowledge’. I argue that modal epistemology as it is does not account for ability knowledge, by looking at the most promising candidate theories: perception-based, counterfactual-based, and similarity-based modal epistemologies. I then outline a more promising epistemology for our ability knowledge, which relies on the experience of our own agency, and draw out some lessons for modal epistemology in general.
Evolution of current- and pressure-driven instabilities in relativistic jets
Authors: Musso M , Bodo G , Mamatsashvili G , Rossi P , Mignone A 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Instabilities in relativistic magnetized jets are thought to be deeply connected to their energy dissipation properties and to the consequent acceleration of the non-thermal emitting relativistic particles. Instabilities lead to the development of small-scale dissipative structures, in which magnetic energy is converted in other forms. In this paper we present three-dimensional numerical simulations of the instability evolution in highly magnetized plasma columns, considering different kinds of equilibria. In fact, the hoop stresses related to the azimuthal component of magnetic field can be balanced either by the magnetic pressure gradient (force-free equilibria, FF) or by the thermal pressure gradient (pressure-balanced equilibria, PB) or by a combination of the two. FF equilibria are prone to current-driven instabilities (CDI), while PB equilibria are prone to pressure-driven instabilities (PDI). We perform a global linear stability analysis, from which we derive the different instability properties in the two regimes, showing that PDI have larger growth rates and are also unstable for high wavenumbers. The numerical simulations of the non-linear instability evolution show similar phases of evolution in which the formation of strong current sheets is followed by a turbulent quasi-steady state. PDI are however characterized by a faster evolution, by the formation of smaller scale dissipative structures and larger magnetic energy dissipation.
DESI Early Data Release Milky Way Survey value-added catalogue
Authors: Koposov Sergey E , Allende Prieto C , Cooper A P , Li T S , Beraldo e Silva L , Kim B , Carrillo A , Dey A , Manser C J , Nikakhtar F , Riley A H , Rockosi C , Valluri M , Aguilar J , Ahlen S , Bailey S , Blum R , Brooks D , Claybaugh T , Cole S , de la Macorra A , Dey B , Forero-Romero J E , Gaztañaga E , Guy J , Kremin A , Le Guillou L , Levi M E , Manera M , Meisner A , Miquel R , Moustakas J , Nie J , Palanque-Delabrouille N , Percival W J , Rezaie M , Rossi G , Sanchez E , Schlafly E F , Schubnell M , Tarlé G , Weaver B A , Zhou Z 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the stellar value-added catalogue based on the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Early Data Release. The catalogue contains radial velocity and stellar parameter measurements for $\simeq$ 400 000 unique stars observed during commissioning and survey validation by DESI. These observations were made under conditions similar to the Milky Way Survey (MWS) currently carried out by DESI but also include multiple specially targeted fields, such as those containing well-studied dwarf galaxies and stellar streams. The majority of observed stars have $16\lt r\lt 20$ with a median signal-to-noise ratio in the spectra of $\sim$ 20. In the paper, we describe the structure of the catalogue, give an overview of different target classes observed, as well as provide recipes for selecting clean stellar samples. We validate the catalogue using external high-resolution measurements and show that radial velocities, surface gravities, and iron abundances determined by DESI are accurate to 1 km s−1, 0.3 dex, and $\sim$ 0.15 dex respectively. We also demonstrate possible uses of the catalogue for chemo-dynamical studies of the Milky Way stellar halo and Draco dwarf spheroidal. The value-added catalogue described in this paper is the very first DESI MWS catalogue. The next DESI data release, expected in less than a year, will add the data from the first year of DESI survey operations and will contain approximately 4 million stars, along with significant processing improvements.