bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual dimorphism in epigenomic responses of stem cells to extreme fetal growth
Authors: Delahaye Fabien , Ari Wijetunga N. , Heo Hye J. , Tozour Jessica N. , Zhao Yong Mei , Greally John M. , Einstein Francine H. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTExtreme fetal growth is associated with increased susceptibility to a range of adult diseases through an unknown mechanism of cellular memory. We tested whether heritable epigenetic processes in long-lived CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) showed evidence for re-programming associated with the extremes of fetal growth. Here we show that both fetal growth restriction and over-growth are associated with global shifts towards DNA hypermethylation, targetingcis-regulatory elements in proximity to genes involved in glucose homeostasis and stem cell function. A sexually dimorphic response was found, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) associated with substantially greater epigenetic dysregulation in males but large for gestational age (LGA) growth affecting females predominantly. The findings are consistent with extreme fetal growth interacting with variable fetal susceptibility to influence cellular aging and metabolic characteristics through epigenetic mechanisms, potentially generating biomarkers that could identify infants at higher risk for chronic disease later in life.
Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GalU) fromErwinia amylovora
Authors: Toccafondi Mirco , Cianci Michele , Benini Stefano 
Published: August 2014

Glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase fromErwinia amylovoraCFPB1430 was expressed as a His-tag fusion protein inEscherichia coli. After tag removal, the purified protein was crystallized from 100 mMTris pH 8.5, 2 Mammonium sulfate, 5% ethylene glycol. Diffraction data sets were collected to a maximum resolution of 2.46 Å using synchrotron radiation. The crystals belonged to the hexagonal space groupP62, with unit-cell parametersa= 80.67,b= 80.67,c = 169.18. The structure was solved by molecular replacement using the structure of theE. colienzyme as a search model.
“Noids” in a nutshell: everything you (don’t) want to know about synthetic cannabimimetics
Authors: Papanti Duccio , Orsolini Laura , Francesconi Giulia , Schifano Fabrizio 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– “Spice” products are synthetic cannabimimetics (SC; also called “synthetic cannabinoids”)-based designer drugs used as a legal alternative to cannabis for their very strong tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-like effects. The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of more recent clinical and pharmacology/toxicology findings relating to SC and describe how they could impact on health, with a particular focus on mental health.Design/methodology/approach– A systematic search and descriptive analysis of the available evidence on psychopathological issues related to misuse was performed here, whilst taking into account the Pubmed/Medline databases, a range of conference proceedings and national/international agencies’ reports.Findings– While THC is a partial agonist, SC are full agonists on the cannabinoid receptors (CB-rs) and the administration of multiple SC can produce additive and/or synergistic agonistic interaction effects on the endocannabinoid system. These levels of strong CB-rs’ activation may be high enough to produce severe physiological and psychological disturbances. The available evidence suggests an existing relationship between SC use and psychosis (“Spiceophrenia”). The acute SC intoxication is usually characterized by tachycardia/hypertension; visual/auditory hallucinations; mydriasis; agitation/anxiety; tachypnoea; nausea/vomiting; and seizures.Research limitations/implications– The absence of clinical trials and longitudinal studies, together with the heterogeneity of SC compounds does not facilitate a precise assessment of the health risks related to their use, with long-term effects being of particular concern.Originality/value– Appropriate, non-judgemental, prevention campaigns with a special focus on the differences between SC and cannabis may need to be organized on a large scale. At the same time, clinicians need to be regularly updated about novel psychoactive substances, including SC, to promptly recognize signs/symptoms of intoxication.
Facilitators and barriers in dual recovery: a literature review of first-person perspectives
Authors: Ness Ottar , Borg Marit , Davidson Larry 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The co-occurrence of mental health and substance use problems is prevalent, and has been problematic both in terms of its complexity for the person and of the challenges it poses to health care practitioners. Recovery in co-occurring mental health and substance use problems is viewed as with multiple challenges embedded in it. As most of the existing literature on recovery tends to treat recovery in mental health and substance use problems separately, it is critical to assess the nature of our current understanding of what has been described as “complex” or “dual” recovery. The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss what persons with co-occurring mental health and substance use problems describe as facilitators and barriers in their recovery process as revealed in the literature.

Design/methodology/approach
– The method used for this study was a small-scale review of the literature gleaned from a wider general view. Searches were conducted in CINAHL, Psych info, Medline, Embase, SweMed+, and NORART.

Findings
– Three overarching themes were identified as facilitators of dual recovery: first, meaningful everyday life; second, focus on strengths and future orientation; and third, re-establishing a social life and supportive relationships. Two overarching themes were identified as barriers to dual recovery: first, lack of tailored help and second, complex systems and uncoordinated services.

Originality/value
– The recovery literature mostly focuses on recovery in mental health and substance use problems separately, with less attention being paid in the first-person literature to what helps and what hinders dual recovery.
A review of risk factors associated with suicide in adults with intellectual disability
Authors: Mollison Emma , Chaplin Eddie , Underwood Lisa , McCarthy Jane 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– Suicide is one of the top three leading causes of death amongst those aged between 15 and 44 years; and tenth leading cause of death in the wider population. The base rates of suicide, suicide attempts and suicide-related behaviours are comparably low in the general population with between 17 and 68 per cent of individuals who successfully commit suicide having made a previous attempt to take their own life. As recently as the 1980's it was still a widely held belief that individuals with intellectual disability (ID) did not have the cognitive capacity to experience mental health problems and this acted as a “buffer” against suicidal behaviour. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– The literature review covered the time period 1993-2013 and returned 117 studies, 77 of which related to individuals with ID, 37 of which related to adults. Following screening titles and abstracts 28 articles were removed. A total of nine studies were found to be eligible for inclusion in the review. A further two studies examining suicide in adolescents (up to adulthood) with ID were also considered. From the eligible studies the following information was considered: study design, sample size, strengths, limitations and the risk factors associated with an increased risk of suicide.Findings– The suicide risk factors identified during the review were found to be in keeping with the general population and included a diagnosis of clinical depression, history of self-harm, unemployment, loneliness, unemployment, an increased need for support from others, early onset mental illness and being treatment resistive.Originality/value– Suicide in individuals with ID is a topic that has not received a great deal of attention from professionals and clinicians alike. People with ID have higher rates of mental health problems and therefore it could be argued that they are more likely to be at risk. This study aims to look at risk factors specific to people with ID for clinicians to consider in their daily practice.
Inter-company learning: using the 5 E's to promote interaction
Authors: Reese Simon 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to illustrate steps that a manufacturer can deploy to improve social interaction, learning, and application while facilitating a system of learning across a wholesale distribution channel.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper provides a model of how a manufacturer-improved social interaction, learning, and application with their wholesale distribution network using five simple and consistent steps: Excite, Engage, Experience, Execute, and Evaluate.

Findings
– The 5 E's provided a consistent method for the manufacturer to engage the wholesale distributor in social interactions centered around learning, the L&D practitioner should evaluate the use of the 5 E's as they integrate learning into sales and marketing initiatives.

Practical implications
– Using the 5 E's to create social interactions within the learning system allows the manufacturer to manage knowledge sharing and knowledge application with the wholesale distributor.

Originality/value
– The conceptual paper outlines the 5 E's utilized by a manufacturer and provides a checklist of practical elements in each step. The model and checklist provides the L&D professional methods which she can use to expand traditional learning environments across sales and marketing.
A modified genetic algorithm for UAV trajectory tracking control laws optimization
Authors: K. Wilburn Brenton , G. Perhinschi Mario , N. Wilburn Jennifer 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to gain trajectory-tracking controllers for autonomous aircraft are optimized using a modified evolutionary, or genetic algorithm (GA).

Design/methodology/approach
– The GA design utilizes real representation for the individual consisting of the collection of all controller gains subject to tuning. The initial population is generated randomly over pre-specified ranges. Alternatively, initial individuals are produced as random variations from a heuristically tuned set of gains to increase convergence time. A two-point crossover mechanism and a probabilistic mutation mechanism represent the genetic alterations performed on the population. The environment is represented by a performance index (PI) composed of a set of metrics based on tracking error and control activity in response to a commanded trajectory. Roulette-wheel selection with elitist strategy are implemented. A PI normalization scheme is also implemented to increase the speed of convergence. A flexible control laws design environment is developed, which can be used to easily optimize the gains for a variety of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control laws architectures.

Findings
– The performance of the aircraft trajectory-tracking controllers was shown to improve significantly through the GA optimization. Additionally, the novel normalization modification was shown to encourage more rapid convergence to an optimal solution.

Research limitations/implications
– The GA paradigm shows much promise in the optimization of highly non-linear aircraft trajectory-tracking controllers. The proposed optimization tool facilitates the investigation of novel control architectures regardless of complexity and dimensionality.

Practical implications
– The addition of the evolutionary optimization to the WVU UAV simulation environment enhances significantly its capabilities for autonomous flight algorithm development, testing, and evaluation. The normalization methodology proposed in this paper has been shown to appreciably speed up the convergence of GAs.

Originality/value
– The paper provides a flexible generalized framework for UAV control system evolutionary optimization. It includes specific novel structural elements and mechanisms for improved convergence as well as a comprehensive PI for trajectory tracking.
Multi-legged robot dynamics navigation model with optical flow
Authors: A. Martínez-García Edgar , Abril Torres-Méndez Luz , Rajesh Elara Mohan 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to establish analytical and numerical solutions of a navigational law to estimate displacements of hyper-static multi-legged mobile robots, which combines: monocular vision (optical flow of regional invariants) and legs dynamics.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this study the authors propose a Euler-Lagrange equation that control legs’ joints to control robot's displacements. Robot's rotation and translational velocities are feedback by motion features of visual invariant descriptors. A general analytical solution of a derivative navigation law is proposed for hyper-static robots. The feedback is formulated with the local speed rate obtained from optical flow of visual regional invariants. The proposed formulation includes a data association algorithm aimed to correlate visual invariant descriptors detected in sequential images through monocular vision. The navigation law is constrained by a set of three kinematic equilibrium conditions for navigational scenarios: constant acceleration, constant velocity, and instantaneous acceleration.

Findings
– The proposed data association method concerns local motions of multiple invariants (enhanced MSER) by minimizing the norm of multidimensional optical flow feature vectors. Kinematic measurements are used as observable arguments in the general dynamic control equation; while the legs joints dynamics model is used to formulate the controllable arguments.

Originality/value
– The given analysis does not combine sensor data of any kind, but only monocular passive vision. The approach automatically detects environmental invariant descriptors with an enhanced version of the MSER method. Only optical flow vectors and robot's multi-leg dynamics are used to formulate descriptive rotational and translational motions for self-positioning.
Tip-over stability enhancement for omnidirectional mobile robot
Authors: Juhairi Aziz Safar Muhammad , Watanabe Keigo , Maeyama Shoichi , Nagai Isaku 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the stability behavior of the omnidirectional mobile robot with active dual-wheel caster (ADWC) assemblies and provide a stable trajectory without any tip-over incident. The omnidirectional mobile robot to be developed is for transporting cuboid-shaped objects.

Design/methodology/approach
– The omnidirectional transport mobile robot is designed using an ADWC assemblies structure, the tip-over occurrence is estimated based on the support forces of an active footprint, the tip-over direction is predicted, the tip-over stability is enhanced to prevent the tip-over occurrence and a fast traveling motion is provided.

Findings
– The omnidirectional mobile robot tends to tip-over more on the sides with small ranges of tip-over angle. The proposed method for estimating the tip-over occurrence and enhancing the stability using the gyroscopic torque device was feasible as the tip-over prevention system of the omnidirectional mobile robot with ADWC assemblies.

Originality/value
– The research addresses the study of the tip-over stability for the omnidirectional mobile robot that possesses an active footprint. It also addresses the prediction of the tip-over occurrence using the derived dynamical model together with force-angle stability measure and the tip-over stability enhancement method using a single-gimbal control moment gyro device.
Socially responsible stock funds in Brazil
Authors: Hartz Pinto Dimas , Funcia Lemme Celso , Pereira Câmara Leal Ricardo 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the risk-adjusted performance of Brazilian SRI stock funds.

Design/methodology/approach
– Risk-adjusted performance of 11 Brazilian socially responsible investment (SRI) funds relative to local index funds and matched pairs of funds.

Findings
– SRI funds performed as well as portfolios representing the broad market on a risk-adjusted basis, both before and during the global financial crisis. Independent investment houses are not interested in SRI funds. Large financial conglomerates may see these funds as part of their corporate social responsibility image strategy.

Research limitations/implications
– Brazilian SRI funds are a very small niche in the stock mutual fund universe of the country, thus, the small sample (universe) of SRI funds, as far as the author's knew. One cannot say that independent asset managers do not include SRI screening in their stock selection criteria. The use of SRI screening by the most prominent independent asset managers is a potential topic for future research.

Practical implications
– Brazilian SRI funds did not represent an extra screening filter cost to their investors. The majority of asset managers do not consider this strategy important enough to deserve an exclusive vehicle.

Social implications
– As SRI funds did not posit an extra screening cost, they may deserve a greater share of the mutual fund market, stimulating more SRI.

Originality/value
– The performance of Brazilian SRI stock funds had not been examined in the international literature. Brazil has vast natural resources, a very large economy and the fourth largest mutual fund industry in the world, but was overlooked.
Analysis of tilting-pad thrust bearing static instability and lubrication performance under the bistability
Authors: Wu Ouyang , Xiaoyang Yuan , Qian Jia 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problems of tilting-pad thrust bearing static instability and lubrication performance under static bistability.

Design/methodology/approach
– The static equilibrium state of tilting-pad thrust bearing is analyzed, and key parameters are extracted from the general lubrication model. Then, a distribution area of bearing static equilibrium points is achieved by solving the model. The area is divided into three sub-areas which represent monostabillity, bistability and instability, and an unstable boundary of the area is discovered. By these findings, a reversible lubrication failure phenomenon is explained. A calculation method is proposed to obtain bearing lubrication performance under the bistability.

Findings
– The variation of working conditions can lead to migration of unstable boundary and static instability. After resuming the working conditions, unstable boundary will resume in situ, and the bearing will operate steadily again. Moreover, there is a big difference between the two groups of lubrication performance solutions under the bistability.

Practical implications
– The static stability acceptance test of tilting-pad thrust bearing should be implemented under start–stop, accidental excitation and other conditions before service to prevent such lubrication failure phenomenon. Moreover, fulcrum position of the bearing pad should be kept away from the bistable area.

Originality/value
– This paper has preliminarily revealed a static instability mechanism of tilting-pad thrust bearing, analyzed bistability lubrication performance and proposed some suggestions to improve the bearing stability.
Microstructure and tribological properties of gas tungsten arc clad TiC composite coatings on carbon steel
Authors: Peng De-Xing , Kang Yuan , Huang Yu-Jun 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the wear performance of carbon steel cladded with TiC powders by gas tungsten arc welding method. Because of poor wear resistance, carbon steels have limited industrial applications as tribological components.

Design/methodology/approach
– The cladding microstructures were characterized by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer. The wear behavior of the clad layer was studied with a block-on-ring tribometer.

Findings
– The experimental results revealed that the metallurgical interface provided an excellent bond between the cladding and the carbon steel substrate. The cladding revealed no porosity or cracking, and particles were evenly distributed throughout the cladding layer. Hardness was increased from HRc 6.6 in the substrate to HRc 62 in the cladded layer due to the presence of the hard TiC phase.

Originality/value
– The experiments confirm that the cladding surfaces of TiC particles reduce wear rate and friction. Increasing TiC contents also improves hardness and wear resistance at room temperature and under dry sliding wear conditions.
Consumer segments in organic foods market
Authors: Aslihan Nasir V. , Karakaya Fahri 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– The aim of this study is to examine profiles of consumers in organic foods market segments and determine their attitudes toward organic food consumption. Consequently, we explore whether there are differences among these consumer segments in terms of their health orientation, socially responsible consumption, environmental responsibility and values and lifestyles.Design/methodology/approach– A total of 316 consumers were surveyed at supermarkets and malls in one of the largest metropolitan areas of a European city.Findings– The cluster analysis performed indicates that there are three segments based on consumer attitudes toward organic foods: favorable, neutral and unfavorable. The results show that the consumer segment with more favorable attitudes toward organic foods exhibits higher levels of health orientation and socially responsible consumption behavior when compared to other segments.Practical implications– It important for marketers to understand organic foods market segments so that they can target them with the appropriate marketing mix. For this reason, we attempt to identify consumer segments based on their attitudes and behavior concerning organic foods. In doing so, we examine the profiles of consumers in each organic food market segment and their attitudes toward organic food consumption.Originality/value– Organic food consumption is growing at a fast pace despite economic problems around the world. This study has identified three market segments (consumer profiles) with different attitudes and behavior towards organic foods.
The pragmatic importance of theory for marketing practice
Authors: Rotfeld Herbert Jack 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explain that theories provide an important tool for practitioners in guiding decisions by explaining and predicting consumer decision making when new specific research data might be unavailable. This is true despite the problems caused by some academic journal articles’ use and abuse of theory development. The argument for this crucial role of theory in marketing practice explains reasons why many practitioners dislike academic research and related theory development, as well as points out where practitioners’ criticisms are valid.

Design/methodology/approach
– Delineation of problems in journal articles and some research notes the overall value of work for marketing practice and (indirectly) points out the important value of practitioner-focused research publications.

Findings
– While marketing practitioners are wrong to condemn all theory development as useless, too often in too many ways, researchers and journals deserve it. Yet, despite the problems, marketing practice needs marketing theory.

Originality/value
– This paper points out an ongoing common myopia of marketing practice, whereby practitioners miss out on the value of theory development.