bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The current landscape of coumarin hybrids with antibreast cancer therapeutic applications: An updated review
Authors: Wang Ruo , Chen Zilong , Huang Yiheng , Zhang Qianru , Chen Min , Huang Xufeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlobally, breast cancer (BC) has the highest prevalence among malignant diseases. BC is also the primary cause of death among women. Notably, BC morbidity has been increasing continuously at an approximate growth rate of 2.2% per year. Persistent BC is a major public health issue worldwide. Consequently, novel chemotherapeutic agents to combat this lethal disease should be developed urgently. Coumarins with interesting structural and mechanistic variations exhibit promising activity in several forms of BC, including BCs with multidrug resistance. In particular, coumarin hybrids composed of coumarin and one or more anti‐BC pharmacophores can target different biological components in BC cells simultaneously. Thus, coumarin hybrids are useful scaffolds that can help improve the anti‐BC efficacy of coumarins, reduce side effects, improve pharmacokinetics, minimize drug–drug interactions, and circumvent drug resistance. This review, in which articles published from 2020 to the present day have been evaluated, highlights the landscape of coumarin hybrids that exhibit therapeutic effects against breast cancer. These findings can aid further investigations on novel antibreast‐cancer therapeutics.
Current scenario of indole hybrids with antibacterial potential against Acinetobacter baumannii pathogens: A mini‐review
Authors: Chen Yi‐Wen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii with the capability to “escape” almost all currently available antibacterials is eroding the safety of basic medical interventions and is an increasing cause of mortality globally, prompting a substantial requirement for new classes of antibacterial agents. Indoles participate in the regulation of persistent bacterial formation, biofilm formation, plasmid stability, and drug resistance. In particular, indole hybrids demonstrated promising antibacterial activity against both drug‐sensitive and drug‐resistant A. baumannii pathogens, representing a fertile source for the discovery of novel therapeutic agents for clinical deployment in controlling A. baumannii infections. This mini‐review outlines the current innovations of indole hybrids with antibacterial activity against A. baumannii pathogens, covering articles published from 2020 to the present, to open new avenues for exploring novel anti‐A. baumannii candidates.
Air Pollution, Genetic Susceptibility, and Risk of Incident Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xing Meiqi , Ma Yudiyang , Cui Feipeng , Li Dankang , Wang Jianing , Tang Linxi , Zheng Lei , Yang Jian , Tian Yaohua 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThere are few existing studies that investigate the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with long‐term exposure to air pollutants. This study aimed to explore associations between long‐term exposure to air pollutants and incident SLE and further evaluate interactions and joint effects of genetic risk and air pollutants.MethodsA total of 459,815 participants were included from UK Biobank. The concentrations of air pollutants (fine particulate matter with diameter ≤2.5 μm [PM2.5], particulate matter diameter ≤10 μm [PM10], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], and nitrogen oxides [NOx]) were estimated by land‐use regression model. We applied Cox proportional hazards model to explore linkages of air pollutants and incident SLE. The polygenic risk score (PRS) was used for further assessing the interactions and joint effects of genetic risk and air pollutants.ResultsA total of 399 patients with SLE were identified during a median follow‐up of 11.77 years. There were positive associations between air pollutant exposure and incident SLE, as the adjusted hazard ratios were 1.18 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.06–1.32), 1.23 (1.10–1.39), 1.27 (1.14–1.41), and 1.13 (1.03–1.23) for each interquartile range increase in PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and NOx, respectively. Moreover, participants with high genetic risk and high air pollution exposure had the highest risk of incident SLE compared with those with low genetic risk and low air pollution exposure (adjusted hazard ratio: PM2.5, 4.16 [95% CI 2.67–6.49]; PM10, 5.31 [95% CI 3.30,–8.55]; NO2, 5.61 [95% CI 3.45–9.13]; and NOx, 4.80 [95% CI 3.00–7.66]). There was a significant multiplicative interaction between NO2 and PRS.ConclusionLong‐term exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and NOx) may increase the risk of developing SLE.
Predicting performance in a doctor of physical therapy gross anatomy course based on an exploratory factor analysis of the anatomical self‐efficacy instrument
Authors: Reynolds Kelly , Mueller Shani , Horn Maggie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMeasuring self‐efficacy can be a valuable means for instructors to predict student performance. However, it is crucial to measure self‐efficacy within specific contexts to effectively gauge students’ perceptions of their capabilities. This study evaluated the factors comprising the Anatomical Self‐Efficacy Instrument (ASEI) and determined whether these factors could predict performance in gross anatomy. Three cohorts of Doctor Physical Therapy (DPT) students completed the ASEI at the start of gross anatomy. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) analyzed the ASEI's dimensionality, and Cronbach's alpha evaluated the internal consistency of the extracted factors. Linear regression was used to determine whether ASEI's total or subdomain scores predicted final anatomy course performance scores. In total, 142 of 287 (49.5%) DPT students completed the ASEI. EFA revealed three distinct factors, including “cognitive,” “psychomotor,” and “clinical anatomy self‐efficacy”, and explained 44.9%, 13.7%, and 5.2% of the total variance, respectively. Only cognitive self‐efficacy predicted final gross anatomy course performance (β = 0.34; R2 = 0.071; F(3,138) = 3.51; p < 0.05). Overall, the ASEI's 3‐factor solution implies its multidimensionality, a finding that could inform the development of more comprehensive self‐efficacy measures. Notably, “cognitive self‐efficacy” was the only subdomain that predicted DPT student performance in anatomy, suggesting its potential as a tool for identifying students in need of additional learning support. The ASEI's practical usability should be further explored through additional psychometric testing.
Master–slaves synchronization of teleoperation systems with the Try‐Once‐Discard protocol under event‐triggered communication
Authors: Li Yuling , Li Chenxi , Dong Jie , Wang Haijuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a class of single‐master‐multiple‐slaves (SMMS) bilateral teleoperation systems with the limitation of communication bandwidth is investigated. The signals are exchanged between the master and the slaves through delayed communication. Besides, to avoid data collisions, the Try‐Once‐Discard (TOD) scheduling protocol is utilized to decide which slave gets the network access at each triggered instant. A control algorithm with the event‐triggered mechanism is proposed to ensure the master–slaves synchronization. Furthermore, the closed‐loop system's stability criterion associated with the controller gains, the varying time delays' bounds, and the maximum transmission interval is established on the basis of the Lyapunov–Krasovskii analysis. Finally, the presented algorithm's performance is demonstrated by the simulation and experiment results.
Linear convergence of event‐triggered distributed optimization with metric subregularity condition
Authors: Yu Xin , Cheng Songsong , Qiu Jianbin , Fan Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper designs a continuous‐time algorithm with event‐triggered communication (ETC) for solving a class of distributed convex optimization problems with a metric subregularity condition. First, we develop an event‐triggered continuous‐time optimization algorithm to overcome the bandwidth limitation of multi‐agent systems. Besides, with the aid of Lyapunov theory, we prove that the distributed event‐triggered algorithm converges to the optimum set with an exact linear convergence rate, without the strongly convex condition. Moreover, we provide the discrete version of the continuous‐time algorithm and show its exact linear convergence rate. Finally, we give a comparison example to validate the effectiveness of the designed algorithm in communication resource saving.
When Half Is at Least 50%: Effect of “Framing” and Probability Level on Frequency Estimates
Authors: Mandel David R. , Kelly Megan 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTExpert judgment often involves estimating magnitudes, such as the frequency of deaths due to a pandemic. Three experiments (Ns = 902, 431, and 755, respectively) were conducted to examine the effect of outcome framing (e.g., half of a threatened group expected to survive vs. die), probability level (low vs. high), and probability format (verbal, numeric, or combined) on the estimated frequency of survivals/deaths. Each experiment found an interactive effect of frame and probability level, which supported the hypothesis that forecasted outcomes received by participants were implicitly quantified as lower bounds (i.e., “at least half”). Responding in a manner consistent with a lower‐bound “at least” interpretation was unrelated to incoherence (Experiments 1 and 2) and positively related to numeracy (Experiments 1 and 3), verbal reasoning (Experiment 3), and actively open‐minded thinking (Experiments 2 and 3). The correlational results indicate that implicit lower bounding is an aspect of linguistic inference and not a cognitive error. Implications for research on framing effects are discussed.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Arylation of 8‐Methylquinolines with Arylsilanes
Authors: Li Lin , Liu Haidong , Qian Yupeng , Shen Guohong , Shi Yun , Du Jiajie , Luo Haiqing 
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive SummaryWe herein describe a Cp*RhIII‐catalyzed C(sp3)–H mono‐arylation of 8‐methylquinolines with benign arylsilanes. The use of 1‐adamantane carboxylic acid can benefit the efficiency in this transformation, and AgF was both activator and reoxidant. Control experiments indicated inability of C—H cleavage in determining the rate of the reaction.
Single Crystal to Single Crystal Transformation of Porous Materials Based on Zinc Nodes and Mercaptobenzoic Acid
Authors: Kristinsson Baldur , Janiw Mieszko , Damodaran Krishna K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPorous coordination polymers (PCPs) are an excellent class of porous crystalline materials with tunable properties and intriguing potential applications spanning multiple disciplines. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a PCP (HI‐103) based on 4,4′‐dithiodibenzoic acid ligand and zinc nitrate with two DMF molecules residing in the porous network. The stability of the porous network was analyzed by heating the compound at 60.0 °C for two days, and the structural analysis revealed a new PCP (HI‐104) was formed with one of the DMF molecules, indicating a single‐crystal to single‐crystal (SCSC) transformation. The solvent molecules were completely removed by extensive drying (HI‐103‐dry), and the integrity of the porous network was verified by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermogravimetric analysis. The reversibility of SCSC transformation was confirmed by treating HI‐103‐dry with DMF molecules, resulting in HI‐103 after five days. The adsorption studies of HI‐103‐dry with other solvents revealed that SCSC transformation was not observed for DMA and DEA, but some structural changes were observed in the presence of DMSO. The adsorption studies performed in the presence of an equimolar mixture of DMF, DMA, and DMA indicated that HI‐103‐dry could selectively adsorb DMF molecules from the analogous mixture.
Fiber production repeatability and selection of promising fique (Furcraea spp.) genotypes
Authors: Espitia‐Negrete Laura , Orozco‐Orozco Luz Fanny , Torres José Miguel Cotes , Medina‐Cano Clara Inés , Grisales‐Vasquez Nancy Yohana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlobally, natural fibers are important at reducing the using nonrecyclable synthetic fibers; therefore, cultivating fique can help supply the demand for nonplastic packaging in the Colombian and international markets. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria has a working collection of fique located at La Selva‐Rionegro Research Center (Antioquia‐Colombia). This work evaluated the repeatability coefficient of 68 Furcraea accessions harvested from 2019 to 2022. Repeatability coefficients of 0.293 and 0.149 were found for total dry fiber yield and dry fiber percentage, respectively. The yield‐stability selection index was calculated for the evaluated traits, by which 10 promising accessions were selected, representing 14% of the evaluated population. In addition, correlation coefficients were calculated between productive variables and some meteorological variables (accumulated rainfall, average maximum, and minimum temperatures, and accumulated solar radiation. The accumulated rainfall at 101 days showed the highest correlation with values of 0.429 and 0.488 for the total dry fiber production and the percentage of dry fiber, respectively. The average minimum temperature presented positive correlations with the productive performance of fique.
Detection of the selective androgen receptor modulator S‐23 and its metabolites in equine urine and plasma following oral administration
Authors: Cutler Charlotte , Viljanto Marjaana , Hincks Pamela , Habershon‐Butcher Jocelyn , Scarth James , van Eenoo Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractS‐23 is an arylpropionamide selective androgen receptor modulator that has been investigated in animal models for use as a male hormonal contraceptive but is not yet available therapeutically. S‐23 is available alongside other selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) to purchase online via uncontrolled sites, sold as supplement products. It has been detected in several human doping cases, highlighting the importance of identifying the best analytical targets for equine doping control. The purpose of this study was to investigate the detection of S‐23 and its phase I metabolites in equine urine and plasma following a multiple dose oral administration to two Thoroughbred racehorses. Liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry was used for metabolite identification, and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used for full sample analysis and generation of urine and plasma profiles. S‐23 and seven phase I metabolites were observed in urine following enzyme hydrolysis and solvolysis. The most abundant analyte detected was the hydroxylated 4‐amino‐2‐(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile metabolite, which also allowed the longest duration of detection in urine from both horses, for up to 360 h following administration. The data suggest that this metabolite was likely to be highly conjugated with both sulphate and glucuronide moieties. In plasma, S‐23 and two phase I metabolites were observed. S‐23 was the most abundant analyte detected for both horses, allowing detection for up to 143 h post‐administration. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of S‐23 and metabolites in equine urine and plasma samples.
Sustained predation pressure may prevent the loss of anti‐predator traits from havened populations
Authors: Harrison Natasha D. , Phillips Ben L. , Wayne Adrian F. , Mitchell Nicola J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConservation havens free of invasive predators are increasingly relied upon for fauna conservation, although havened populations can lose anti‐predator traits, likely making them less suitable for life ‘beyond the fence’. Sustaining low levels of mammalian predator pressure inside havens may prevent the loss of anti‐predator traits from havened populations. We opportunistically compared behavioural and morphological anti‐predator traits between four woylie (Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi) populations– one haven isolated from all mammalian predators, one haven containing a native mammalian predator (chuditch; Dasyurus geoffroii), and their respective non‐havened counterparts (each containing both chuditch and invasive predators). Havened woylies existing without mammalian predators were smaller (shorter hindfeet, smaller body weight) and less reactive (consumed more food from fox‐treated and control feeding stations, less agitated during human handling) than a non‐havened reference population. However, in the haven containing chuditch, we found no difference in behaviour or morphology compared to the adjacent non‐havened population. Across populations, anti‐predator responses tended to appear stronger at sites with higher predator activity, suggestive of an adaptive response across a gradient of predation pressure. Our findings suggest that maintaining mammalian predation pressure in conservation havens could be effective for preventing or slowing the loss of anti‐predator traits from these populations.
Mechanical dyssynchrony as a selection criterion for cardiac resynchronization therapy: Design of the AMEND‐CRT trial
Authors: Puvrez Alexis , Duchenne Jürgen , Donal Erwan , Gorcsan John , Patel Hitesh C. , Marwick Thomas H. , Smiseth Otto A. , Søgaard Peter , Stankovic Ivan , Diogo Pedro G. , Vörös Gábor , Voigt Jens‐Uwe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsOne third of patients do not improve after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Septal flash (SF) and apical rocking (ApRock) are deformation patterns observed on echocardiography in most patients eligible for CRT. These markers of mechanical dyssynchrony have been associated to improved outcome after CRT in observational studies and may be useful to better select patients. The aim of this trial is to investigate whether the current guideline criteria for selecting patients for CRT should be modified and include SF and ApRock to improve therapy success rate, reduce excessive costs and prevent exposure to device‐related complications in patients who would not benefit from CRT.MethodsThe AMEND‐CRT trial is a multicentre, randomized, parallel‐group, double‐blind, sham‐controlled trial with a non‐inferiority design. The trial will include 578 patients scheduled for CRT according to the 2021 ESC guidelines who satisfy all inclusion criteria. The randomization is performed 1:1 to an active control arm (‘guideline arm’) or an experimental arm (‘echo arm’). All participants receive a device, but in the echo arm, CRT is activated only when SF or ApRock or both are present. The outcome of both arms will be compared after 1 year. The primary outcome measures are the average change in left ventricular end‐systolic volume and patient outcome assessed using a modified Packer Clinical Composite Score.ConclusionsThe findings of this trial will redefine the role of echocardiography in CRT and potentially determine which patients with heart failure and a prolonged QRS duration should receive CRT, especially in patients who currently have a class IIa or class IIb recommendation.
Prognostic impact of new‐onset atrial fibrillation in myocardial infarction with and without improved ejection fraction
Authors: Luo Jiachen , Qin Xiaoming , Zhang Xingxu , Zhang Yiwei , Fang Yuan , Shi Wentao , Liu Baoxin , Wei Yidong ,   the NOAFCAMI‐SH Registry Investigators
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsImprovement in left ventricular ejection fraction (impEF) often presents in contemporary acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. New‐onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) during AMI is an important predictor of subsequential heart failure (HF), while its impact on the trajectory of post‐MI left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and prognostic implication in patients with and without impEF remains undetermined. We aimed to investigate the prognostic impacts of NOAF in AMI patients with and without impEF.Methods and resultsConsecutive AMI patients without a prior history of AF between February 2014 and March 2018 with baseline LVEF ≤ 40% and had ≥1 LVEF measurement after baseline were included. ImpEF was defined as a baseline LVEF ≤ 40% and a re‐evaluation showed both LVEF > 40% and an absolute increase of LVEF ≥ 10%. Persistently reduced EF (prEF) was defined as the second measurement of LVEF either ≤40% or an absolute increase of LVEF < 10%. The primary endpoint was a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) that was composed of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization. Cox regression analysis and competing risk analysis were performed to assess the association of post‐MI NOAF with MACE. Among 293 patients (mean age: 66.6 ± 11.3 years, 79.2% of males), 145 (49.5%) had impEF and 67 (22.9%) developed NOAF. Higher heart rate (odds ratio [OR]: 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73–0.97; P = 0.015), prior MI (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.09–0.69; P = 0.008), and STEMI (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.21–0.77; P = 0.006) were independent predictors of post‐MI impEF. Within up to 5 years of follow‐up, there were 22 (15.2%) and 53 (35.8%) MACE in patients with impEF and prEF, respectively. NOAF was an independent predictor of MACE in patients with impEF (hazard ratio [HR]: 7.34, 95% CI: 2.49–21.59; P < 0.001) but not in those with prEF (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.39–1.55; P = 0.483) after multivariable adjustment. Similar results were obtained when accounting for the competing risk of all‐cause death (subdistribution HR and 95% CIs in impEF and prEF were 6.47 [2.32–18.09] and 0.79 [0.39–1.61], respectively).ConclusionsThe NOAF was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes in AMI patients with impEF.
Navigating Dravet syndrome in Spain: A cross‐sectional study of diagnosis, management, and care coordination
Authors: Solaz Sandra , Cardenal‐Muñoz Elena , Muñoz Alicia , Giorgi Simona , Pallardó Federico V. , Romá‐Mateo Carlos , Aibar José Ángel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesDravet syndrome (DS) is a rare form of refractory epilepsy that begins in the first year of life. Approximately 85% of patients have a mutation in the SCN1A gene, which encodes a voltage‐gated sodium channel. The main objective of the present work was to assess the degree of knowledge of DS among Spanish primary care (PC) professionals, the communication flow between them and the pediatric neurologists (PNs), and the services available and resources offered to patients in Spain when searching for a diagnosis and adequate treatment.MethodsTwo anonymized online surveys on DS diagnosis and patient management in PC were conducted with Spanish PC pediatricians (PCPs) and caregivers of DS patients in Spain.ResultsMost PCPs are aware of genetic epilepsy but lack full knowledge of DS and patient advocacy groups (PAGs). Access to epilepsy treatments varies among regions, with many referrals to hospitals and pediatric neurologists. Diagnosis is often delayed, with misdiagnoses and frequent emergency room (ER) visits. Treatment involves multiple drugs, and sodium channel blockers are used, which are contraindicated in DS treatment. Improved training, resources, and communication are needed for early diagnosis.SignificanceTo improve the care and treatment of DS patients in Spain, early diagnosis is required and, possibly, specific efforts aimed at identifying patients in adulthood, generating socio‐sanitary structures that integrate social and health services to provide comprehensive care, taking into account the different features and comorbidities of the disease.Plain Language SummaryDravet syndrome (DS) is a form of genetic epilepsy that starts within the first year of life. We present a study showing that, while family doctors are aware of genetic epilepsies, many don't have a complete understanding of DS. Unfortunately, getting the right diagnosis can take a long time, leading to unnecessary visits to the emergency room. Patients often need several medications, and sometimes they're given drugs that aren't recommended for DS. The takeaway is that training for doctors, more resources, and improved communication could help creating better healthcare systems and therefore give easier access to the right therapies.