bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Cobra sign: A marker for overestimation of tendon retraction in proximal semimembranosus tendon avulsion
Authors: Lefèvre Nicolas , Moussa Mohamad K. , Chahal Ahmad , Meyer Alain , Grimaud Olivier , Khalaf Zeinab M. , Alayane Ali , Bohu Yoann , Hardy Alexandre 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo introduce a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sign, termed the Cobra sign, and identify its diagnostic metrics. The secondary aim was to demonstrate that this sign can be a source of false evaluation of tendon retraction in patients with proximal hamstring avulsion injury.MethodThis retrospective cohort study targeted patients surgically treated for proximal hamstring avulsion injury from January 2019 to June 2023. The MRI Cobra sign was defined as a wavy curved T2‐hypointense band with the free end folding distally over itself, resembling a cobra head. The primary outcome measure was the characterization of the Cobra sign in patients with proximal hamstring avulsion injury. The secondary outcome was the association of this sign with tendon retraction. The study included 81 proximal hamstring avulsion injury patients (mean age of 45.7, SD = 13.9), with 41 (50.6%) complete avulsions, 33 semimembranosus, and 7 conjoint tendons.ResultsThe MRI Cobra sign was found in 25 patients (17 semimembranosus and 8 complete). It was confirmed surgically only in semimembranosus cases. It demonstrated 51.5% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity for isolated semimembranosus avulsions, with a significant positive likelihood ratio of 3.0. MRI retraction was 10.05 cm (±3.0), reducing to 7.9 cm (±2.5) on surgical measurement (mean difference = 2.0 cm, p < 0.001). The regression analysis confirmed MRI retraction's influence on the Cobra sign, with a 1.4 odds increase per unit (p < 0.001). In linear regression analysis, each unit increase in MRI retraction corresponded to a 79% increase in surgical retraction (coefficient 0.7, t = 11.1, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe Cobra sign demonstrated acceptable diagnostic accuracy for isolated semimembranosus avulsion, with a high specificity of 83.3%, a low sensitivity of 51.5%, and a positive likelihood ratio of 3.0. The presence of the Cobra sign indicates an overestimated MRI retraction by approximately 21%.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
An Intelligent and Trust‐Enabled Farming Systems With Blockchain and Digital Twins on Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Rathee Geetanjali , Saini Hemraj , Chakkravarthy Selvaraj Praveen , Maheswar Rajagopal 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTAdvancement and flourishment in mobile edge computing (MEC) have motivated the farmers to deploy an efficient ecosystem in their farms. For further real‐time monitoring and surveillance of the environment along with the deployment of intelligent farming, digital twin is considered as one of the emerging and most promising technologies. For proper optimization and utilization of physical systems, the physical components of the ecosystems are connected with the digital space. Further, the smart technologies and devices have convinced to address the expected level of requirements for accessing the rapid growth in farming associated with digital twins. However, with a large number of smart devices, huge amount of generated information from heterogeneous devices may increase the privacy and security concern by challenging the interrupting operations and management of services in smart farming. In addition, the growing risks associated with MEC by modifying the sensor readings and quality of service further affect the overall growth of intelligent farming. In order to resolve these challenges, this paper has proposed a secure surveillance architecture to detect deviations by incorporating digital twins in the ecosystem. Further, for real‐time monitoring and preprocessing of information, we have integrated a four‐dimensional trust mechanism along with blockchain. The four‐dimensional trusted method recognizes the behavior of each communicating device during the transmission of information in the network. Further, blockchain strengthens the surveillance process of each device behavior by continuously monitoring their activities. The proposed mechanism is tested and verified against various abnormalities received from sensors by simulating false use cases in the ecosystem and compared against various security metrics over existing approaches. Furthermore, the proposed mechanism is validated against several security threats such as control command threat, coordinated cyber threats, accuracy, and decision‐making and prediction of records over existing methods.
Newborn adiposity is associated with cord blood DNA methylation at IGF1R and KLF7
Authors: Josefson Jami L. , Kuang Alan , Allard Catherine , Bianco Monica E. , Lowe William , Scholtens Denise M. , Bouchard Luigi , Hivert Marie‐France 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to identify whether cord blood DNA methylation at specific loci is associated with neonatal adiposity, a key risk factor for childhood obesity.MethodsAn epigenome‐wide association study was conducted using the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study as a discovery sample. Linear regression models adjusted for maternal and offspring covariates and cell counts were used to analyze associations between neonatal adiposity as measured by sum of three skinfold thicknesses and cord blood DNA methylation. Assays were performed with Illumina EPIC arrays (791,359 CpG sites after quality control). Replication was performed in an independent cohort, Genetics of Glucose regulation in Gestation and Growth (Gen3G).ResultsIn 2740 HAPO samples, significant associations were identified at 89 CpG sites after accounting for multiple testing (Bonferroni‐adjusted p < 0.05). Replication analyses conducted in 139 Gen3G participants confirmed associations for seven CpG sites. These included IGF1R, which encodes a transmembrane receptor involved in cell growth and survival that binds insulin‐like growth factor I and insulin, and KLF7, which encodes a regulator of cell proliferation and inhibitor of adipogenesis; both are key regulators of growth during fetal life.ConclusionsThese findings support epigenetic mechanisms in the developmental origins of neonatal adiposity and as potential biomarkers of metabolic disease risk.
Preparation and characterization of nano‐filled polypropylene dielectric films
Authors: Zhang Jia‐Long , Li Xi‐Hao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractModified copper calcium titanate (MCCTO) or functional activated carbon (FANC) particles were added to functional polypropylene (FPP) or heat‐treated polypropylene (HTFPP) matrix to improve the performance of FPP as dielectric films. By testing and characterizing the prepared FPPwxMCCTOy, FPPwxFANCz, FPPwxMCCTOyFANCz and HTFPPwxMCCTOy, HTFPPwxFANCy and HTFPPwxMCCTOyFANCz films, It is found that the dielectric constant and discharge energy density of each FPPwxMCCTOy, FPPwxFANCz, HTFPPwxFANCz and HTFPPwxFANCz films reach the maximum when the MCCTO and FANC loads are close to 8 and 6 wt% respectively. FPPwxMCCTO8FANCz and HTFPPwxMCCTO8FANCz series films also obtain the maximum dielectric constant and discharge energy density at FANC load approaching 6 wt%. The discharge energy density of HTFPPw86MCCTO8FANC6 film prepared properly is 3.2 J/cm3, which is more than 3 times higher than that of FPP. When MCCTO and FANC loads are ≦8 and 6 wt% respectively, with the increase of additive content, More dense distribution of MCCTO and FANC was observed in FPPwxMCCTOy(or HTFPPwxMCCTOy), FPPwxFANCz(or HTFPPwxFANCz) and FPPwxMCCTO8FANCz(or HTFPPwxMCCTO8FANCz) series film sections. In this paper, we propose possible explanations for the apparent improvement in dielectric constant, discharge energy density and heat resistance of capacitive films after appropriate heat treatment or addition of appropriate MCCTO and/or FANC loads.
Predicting the strength in hydroxyapatite‐filled nanocomposites through advanced two‐phase modeling
Authors: Farajifard Mohadeseh , Khademzadeh Yeganeh Jafar , Zare Yasser , Munir Muhammad Tajammal , Rhee Kyong Yop 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe number of modeling studies is insufficient to estimate the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite (HA)‐polymer nanocomposites. Herein, we present a two‐phase method to predict the strength of HA‐filled nanocomposites. In the first phase, HA and the adjacent interphase are treated as pseudoparticles, and the strength of these pseudoparticles is determined using the Kelly‐Tyson equation. In the next phase, a simple model forecasts the strength of nanocomposites, consisting of the polymer medium and pseudoparticles. The proposed methodology is validated by experimental data and parametric examinations. The properties of the interphase (thickness and strength), along with the HA aspect ratio and HA concentration, directly influences the strength of the nanocomposites. Our calculations also reveal that a minimum HA radius of 6 nm and average HA volume portion of 0.02 can enhance the strength of the samples by 196%. However, further increases in the HA radius lead to a reduction in nanocomposite strength. Additionally, the interphase strength of 50 MPa can improve the strength of samples by 94%. The parametric examinations demonstrate the reasonable influences of all these factors on the nanocomposite strength, thereby supporting the validity of the two‐stage model.Highlights
A two‐phase method is presented to predict the strength of HA‐filled nanocomposites.
The proposed method is validated by many experimental data and parametric examinations.
The thickness and strength of interphase directly influences the strength of nanocomposites.
The minimum HA radius of 6 nm can enhance the strength of samples by 196%.
The interphase strength of 50 MPa can improve the nanocomposite strength by 94%.
Development and characterization of polymer composites with cotton straw fiber derived from agricultural wastes
Authors: Liu Yucheng , Ou Mingxiong , Gao Yuanyuan , Ding Hengnan , Zhuo Liucheng , Ma Yunhai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the global pursuit of using sustainable component materials, reinforcement materials derived from agricultural straw waste have attracted widespread attention to develop polymer composites. However, the polar and hydrophilic properties of straw fibers limit their interfacial adhesion behavior, which leads to poor physico‐mechanical and tribological properties of the resulting polymer composites. In this work, cotton straw fibers (CSFs) were derived from agricultural cotton straw wastes, and then were treated with sodium hydroxide solutions of different concentrations (0–7 wt.%). Physical and mechanical properties were analyzed and tribological properties of the developed CSF reinforced polymer composites were investigated systematically. The experiment results indicated that the incorporation of treated‐CSFs in the polymer composite had less effect on the density, whereas it significantly enhanced the water absorption, impact strength and tribological properties. The worn surface morphology analysis revealed that the addition of the treated‐CSFs is conducive to the formation of the contact plateaus, which is in turn beneficial in improving the wear resistance of the treated‐CSF reinforced polymer composites. Overall, the developed polymer composites reinforced with the treated‐CSFs have shown better physico‐mechanical and tribological properties. The present work confirms the possibility of using agricultural corn straw waste as reinforcement fibers, and then paves the path for the development of future commercial plant fiber reinforced polymer composites.Highlights
The usability of cotton straw waste as a reinforcement in polymer composite was investigated.
The physico‐mechanical and tribological properties of the polymer composites were evaluated.
The alkali‐treated cotton straw fibres were more effective in improving the impact resistance and tribological properties.
Use of cotton straw waste in the polymer composite reduced its impact on the environment.
Logjams in a mountain stream network: Patterns, biogeomorphic associations, and anthropogenic impacts
Authors: Cienciala Piotr , Nelson Andrew D. , Haas Andrew D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLogjams, in‐channel accumulations of downed wood, play important roles governing biophysical processes in river ecosystems. In this study conducted in the mountainous inland Pacific Northwest, we leveraged a basin‐scale inventory to carry out a comprehensive analysis of logjam frequency, volume, and their associations with a suite of biophysical landscape characteristics and anthropogenic influences. We complemented this analysis with one that relies on the concept of process domains. We found that logjam frequency increased with drainage area up to ~10–30 km2 and declined thereafter, while the mean jam volume steadily increased downstream up to the area of >300 km2. Combined, these variables yielded a nonlinear downstream pattern of large wood storage in jams, peaking at drainage areas of ~10–100 km2. Logjam characteristics were associated with multiple predictors, used as proxies for biogeomorphic processes relevant for large wood supply and redistribution: bank erosion, landslides, avulsions, wood availability in riparian forest, and wood transport. Additionally, anthropogenic disturbances were inferred to strongly influence logjam‐forming processes in the study basin. A riprapped forest road disrupted a process chain responsible for large wood supply, wherein erosion undercuts slope toe, ultimately triggering landslides. Timber harvest influenced large wood supply by reducing forest biomass. Overall, these findings contribute to improved understanding of logjams: they provide insight into the complex suite of interacting natural and anthropogenic factors which, by regulating large wood inputs and redistribution, generate a basin‐scale pattern in jam frequency and volume. We believe that our study will be useful in informing river management and restoration practices.
HKUST‐1‐Catalyzed Homocoupling of Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Budiman Yudha P. , Rashifari Muhamad , Azid Syafrul , Ghafara Ilham Z. , Deawati Yusi , Permana Yessi , Arrozi Ubed Sonai Fahruddin , Ciptonugroho Wirawan , Mayanti Tri , Lestari Witri Wahyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSymmetrical biaryl compounds are vital chemical feedstocks in the fine chemical industry. Homocoupling, which produces aryl‐aryl reagents, remains the predominant method for their synthesis. Previously, Yaghi et al. reported a patent demonstrating the high performance of HKUST‐1 in homocoupling reactions involving arylboronic acids with electron‐withdrawing substituents. However, reactions with electron‐donating substituents yielded lower results. In this study, we introduce optimized protocols for HKUST‐1 catalyzed homocoupling of arylboronic acids with electron‐donating substituents, achieving symmetrical biaryl products with yields up to 93 %. We also observed significant hydroxylation byproducts competing with homocoupling products when the reaction was exposed to air, especially for arylboronic acids with electron‐donating substituents. This heterogeneous HKUST‐1 catalyst demonstrated recyclability for up to three cycles without a significant decline in catalytic activity.
Identifying Potent Breast Cancer Inhibitors Against ERα Target Using Pharmacophore Model, 3D‐QSAR and MD Studies
Authors: Rajagopal Kalirajan , Arumugasamy Pandiselvi , Raman Kannan , Jupudi Srikanth , Byran Gowramma , Gupta Jeetendra Kumar , Prema S. , Kankate Rani S. , Elansari Lamyae , Hossain Nazmul , Hassan Md. Abul , Rab Safia Obaidur , Alshehri Mohammed Ali , Emran Talha Bin 
Published: August 2024

Abstractthe current investigation, 109 known ERα inhibitors have been developed in the current research; pharmacophore modeling, Molecular docking, MM‐GBSA, and MD study have been performed to investigate the binding affinity of 9‐anilinoacridines with heterocyclic substitutes as selective ERα inhibitors for breast carcinoma. Pharmacophore model have been developed by Schrodinger suite 2019–2 phasemodule. To predict binding free energy of the ligands in complex with PDB and post docked energy minimization was performed by Prime, MM‐GB/SA module. The Induced fit docking studies were performed on the ligand modulated dynamic behaviour of the protein molecular dynamics study. A statistical substantial 3D ‐ QSAR design was created using the pharmacophore hypothesis. 109 known ERα inhibitors have been developed with pIC50 values between 4.0 and 6.0 and were used in ligand‐based pharmacophore modelling and 3D‐QSAR analysis. R2 (0.8294), Q2 (0.7~0.8), and F value (83.5) were used to statistically validate the developed five‐point hypothesis DHRRR1 employing a minimum square of four. Molecular dynamics simulations were run to comprehend the conformational changes and ligand stability at the protein active pocket. The predicted 3D‐QSAR model significantly correlated with experimentally reported in‐vitro antitumor activity. These in‐silico discoveries will help in the future search for potent ERα inhibitors with desirable pharmacophoric properties.
A γ‐Boehmite Nanowhiskers ‐ Polyethylene Glycol 10000/Polyethylene Separator for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Man Yuanxin , Nan Hui , Ma Jianzhe , Li Zhike , Wang Xianlan , Yang Pan , Xue Caihong , Zhou Jingyuan , Li Heqi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, a γ‐boehmite (γ‐AlOOH) – PEG/polyethylene (PE) lithium‐ion battery separator was fabricated using a dip‐coating method, with γ‐AlOOH nanowhiskers being synthesized directly through a hydrothermal process,and polyethylene glycol 10000 (PEG‐10000) was chosen for the first time as a dispersant for the γ‐AlOOH nanowhiskers in the PE coating slurry{Lee, 2014 #7}. Simultaneously, the membrane's performance was characterized, confirming the significant dispersion effect of PEG‐10000, resulting in a porosity as high as 64 % in the AlOOH‐PEG/PE, a substantial increase compared to the PE separator (40 %). The AlOOH‐PEG/PE separator maintains its structural integrity even after a 0.5 h test at 200 °C, showcasing outstanding stability and significantly improved safety. Besides, the LIB half cells assembled with the PE/AlOOH‐PEG separator exhibited remarkable performance, with a capacity of 73.9 % in power capability (at 5 C rate) and a 97.1 % discharge capacity retention rates in cycle performance (after 400 cycles, at 2 C rate). Furthermore, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries utilizing the AlOOH‐PEG/PE separator demonstrated significantly enhanced cycling stability and rate capacity.
Recent Advancements in Trifluoromethylation Strategies for Indoles, Oxindoles and Indolines
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Goel Nikita , Bhagat Sunita 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFluorine being a magic element and Indole being a magic molecule, their cumulative effect has tremendously increased the potential of resulting moiety for drug development. Keeping this in mind, we are describing a comprehensive account on the recent strategies for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated indoles, indoline and oxindoles. In this review we have explored two types of strategies for trifluoromethylation reactions, one involves direct installation of CF3 group at indole moiety via C−H activation and substitution where as other is by the cyclization reaction of the starting compound containing CF3 group. The reactions were explored for the substrate scope and mechanism using controlled experiments.
Chiral Self‐Assembly and Enantioselective Photocatalysis of Tetra‐(4‐carboxyphenyl) Porphyrin‐diphenylalanine
Authors: Wang Siqi , Wei Hao , Su Rongxin , Wang Yuefei , Qi Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInspired by the photosynthesis and protein structure of green plants in nature, TCPP‐(FF)4, a porphyrin‐dipeptide derivative with chiral and optical properties, was synthesized by chemical coupling. The experimental results show that the optical properties and structural morphology of TCPP‐(FF)4 supermolecular assemblies can be precisely controlled by adjusting the types of solvents and pH. Moreover, the TCPP‐(FF)4 can self‐assemble into nanohelix with photocatalytic activity, which can be used as a catalyst for enantioselective photocatalysis of tyrosine (Tyr) into di‐tyrosine (di‐Tyr), which provides a promising strategy for the development of enantioselective photocatalysts.
Computational Analysis and Anti‐Hiv/Antifungal Studies of 2‐Aryl‐N1‐Arylacetamido Benzimidazole Derivatives
Authors: Ranjan Mohapatra Tushar , Ganguly Swastika , Choowngkomon Kiattawee 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMedicinal chemistry highly values the benzimidazole scaffold as a pharmacophore owing to its versatile range of biological functions. In the present study, 17 derivatives of 2‐aryl‐N1‐arylacetamido benzimidazoles 3(a–q) were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reactions between different 2‐chloro‐N‐(aryl)‐acetamides 2(a–q) and 2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole (1) in N, N‐dimethylformamide, and evaluated for in vitro anti‐HIV and antifungal activities. Of these derivatives, compounds 3 a, 3 b, 3 i, and 3 n showed moderate inhibitory efficacy against HIV‐1 RT, whereas the remaining compounds showed negligible activity compared to the standard drug efavirenz. In contrast, most of the test compounds demonstrated significant efficacy against fungal strains such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Compounds 3 a, 3 f, 3 m, and 3 n were the most effective antifungal agents. We applied computational approaches to rationalize the potency of the newly synthesized inhibitors.
Ni@CaTiO3 Nanocomposites for Methane Decomposition Into Hydrogen and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Morshedy Asmaa S. , El saied Mohamed , Awadallah Ahmed E. , Mostafa Mohsen S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNovel and economic supports were prepared to facilitate the NiO‐reducibility and enrich the hydrogen production from the catalytic conversion of methane. Mixed (CaTi)‐oxides of CaO %=10, 20, and 30 were synthesized by direct compositing of CaCO3 and one‐pot synthesized (TiO2)‐nanoparticles. The developed nanostructures were characterized by a high‐resolution transmission electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), and N2 adsorption‐desorption measurements. Practically, (Ni@30 % CaTiO3) the catalyst of cubic morphology, achieved a high hydrogen production ratio of 62.2 %. The incorporation of CaO to TiO2 hindered the formation of NiTiO3@NiCaTiO3 phases and facilitated the fast reduction of NiO‐phase to Ni (as revealed by temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and XRD. The formation of well‐ordered carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as valuable by‐products was also possible by these nanocomposites. The developed catalysts exhibited remarkable catalytic and structural stabilities. These results reflect the effective use of abundant CaO inorganic salt to enrich the H2 production by (CaTiO3) supports for potential and green energy production.