bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The parietal cell gastric H, K-ATPase also functions as the Na, K-ATPase and Ca-ATPase in altered states
Authors: Ray Tushar 
Published: September 2013

This article offers an explanation for the apparent lack of Na, K-ATPase activity in parietal cells although ouabain has been known to inhibit gastric acid secretion since 1962. The gastric H, K-ATPase (proton-pump) seems to be acting in altered states, thus behaving like a Na, K-ATPase (Na-pump) and/or Ca-ATPase (Ca-pump) depending on cellular needs. This conclusion is based on the following findings. First, parietal cell fractions do not exhibit Na, K-ATPase activity at pH 7.0 but do at pH 8.5. Second, the apical plasma membrane (APM) fraction exhibits a (Ca or Mg)-ATPase activity with negligible H, K-ATPase activity. However, when assayed with Mg alone in presence of the 80 k Da cytosolic proton-pump activator (HAF), the APM fraction reveals remarkably high H, K-ATPase activity, suggesting the observed low affinity of Ca (or Mg)-ATPase is an altered state of the latter. Third, calcium (between 1 and 4 µM) shows both stimulation and inhibition of the HAF-stimulated H, K-ATPase depending on its concentration, revealing a close interaction between the proton-pump activator and local Ca concentration in gastric H, K-ATPase function. Such interactions suggest that Ca is acting as a terminal member of the intracellular signaling system for the HAF-regulated proton-pump. It appears that during resting state, the HAF-associated H, K-ATPase remains inhibited by Ca (>1 µM) and, prior to resumption of acid secretion the gastric H, K-ATPase acts temporarily as a Ca-pump for removing excess Ca from its immediate environment. This conclusion is consistent with the recent reports of immunochemical co-localization of the gastric H, K-ATPase and Ca-ATPase by superimposition in parietal cells, and a transitory efflux of Ca immediately preceding the onset of acid secretion. These new perspectives on proton-pump function would open new avenues for a fuller understanding of the intracellular regulation of the ubiquitous Na-pump.
Multivariate spectral multipliers for the Dunkl transform and the Dunkl harmonic oscillator
Authors: Wróbel Błażej 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
In the case

G
=

ℤ
2
d

$G=\mathbb {Z}_2^d$

, we prove a multivariate Marcinkiewicz-type multiplier theorem for the Dunkl transform and a multivariate Marcinkiewicz-type multiplier theorem for the system of Dunkl harmonic oscillators.
Subgroups which admit extensions of homomorphisms
Authors: Breaz Simion , Călugăreanu Grigore , Schultz Phill 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We classify by numerical invariants the finite subgroups H of a
primary abelian group G for which every homomorphism or
monomorphism of H into G, or every endomorphism of H,
extends to an endomorphism of G. We apply these results to show
that for finitely generated subgroups of general abelian groups,
the extendibility of monomorphisms implies the extendibility of
all homomorphisms.
Analyse der Regelungsstrategien eines Osteotomie-Instruments auf Basis multimodaler Informationen / Analysis of the Control Strategies of an Instrument for Osteotomy on the Basis of Multimodal Information
Authors: Korff Alexander , Müller Meiko , Follmann Axel , Kaphengst Felix , Habor Daniel , Kellermann Christoph , Radermacher Klaus 
Published: September 2013

Zusammenfassung
Um den Chirurgen bei der Eröffnung des Schädels in der Neurochirurgie oder des Brustbeins in der Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie zu unterstützen, wurde ein semiautomatisches, handgeführtes Sägeinstrument entwickelt. Die Schnitttiefe wird auf Basis von drei unterschiedlichen Messverfahren (Computertomographie, Ultraschall, Licht) automatisch geregelt. Nach erfolgreichen Machbarkeitsstudien zu den einzelnen Ansätzen wird in diesem Beitrag darauf aufbauend ein detaillierter Vergleich der Verfahren mit einer Untersuchung der strukturellen Vor- und Nachteile sowie Optimierungspotentiale durchgeführt.
Seriell-Elastische Aktoren als Antrieb für aktive Orthesen / Serial-Elastic Actuators for Active Orthoses
Authors: Pott Peter P. , Müller Roman , Grün Markus , Konigorski Ulrich , Schlaak Helmut F. 
Published: September 2013

Zusammenfassung
Aktive Kniegelenkorthesen können eingesetzt werden, um älteren Menschen im Alltag ein selbstbestimmtes Leben im vertrauten Umfeld zu ermöglichen. Als Antrieb für solche Geräte erweisen sich seriell-elastische Antriebe (SEA) als vorteilhaft, da sie im engen Kontakt zum Menschen besser regelbar sind als direkt gekoppelte getriebeunterstützte DC-Motoren. Sie weisen darüber hinaus in vielen Fällen ein besseres Systemleistungsgewicht als fluidische Antriebe oder elektrodynamische Direktantriebe auf. Im Folgenden werden die Auswahl und Auslegung eines SEA für eine aktive Kniegelenkorthese, seine Regelung mit einem Zustandsregler sowie erste experimentelle Ergebnisse präsentiert und diese in den Stand der Technik eingeordnet.
Iterativ Lernende Regelung mit variabler Zykluslänge für FES-basierte Kompensation einer Fußheberschwäche / Iterative Learning Control with Variable Pass Length applied to FES-based Drop Foot Treatment
Authors: Seel Thomas , Schauer Thomas , Raisch Jörg 
Published: September 2013

Zusammenfassung
Mit funktioneller Elektrostimulation kann die Dorsalflexion des Fußes in der Schwungphase des Ganges unterstützt und dadurch eine Fußheberschwäche kompensiert werden. Um eine möglichst natürliche Fußwinkeltrajektorie zu generieren, wird eine iterativ lernende Regelung eingesetzt. Dieser Artikel betrachtet die Abhängigkeit eines verfrühten Aufsetzens des Fußes vom Stimulationsprofil des jeweiligen Schrittes und untersucht die sich daraus ergebende verkoppelte Lern- und Zykluslängendynamik. Dazu werden zunächst geeignete theoretische Konzepte diskutiert, anhand derer dann der Reglerentwurf erfolgt. Abschließend wird experimentell das erreichte Konvergenzverhalten untersucht.
Fast Food and Fun.
Authors: Zirfas Jörg 
Published: September 2013

Abstract The text contrasts two eating situations and the sentimental values associated with each: the paper proposes that we can relate eating fast food primarily with present happiness, namely fun, while the traditional family meal is associated with satisfaction and a sense of well-being. Well-being has a stronger emphasis on the emotional dimension of the experience of more or less extensive states and developments of happiness; the concept of satisfaction targets more the cognitive factor of happiness, and fun is defined as an emotion which expresses individual self-determination and self-compliance. The fun in fast food involves the public, the individual experience and the character of the event; the well-being at the dining table involves privacy, duration and the social experience. A modern imperative is expressed in fast-food eating: Live your life now as a happy one: Eat it, be happy and show it!
Rite of Redemption.
Authors: Omori Hisako 
Published: September 2013

Abstract Across Canada, people commemorate the lives of fallen soldiers by wearing red poppy flower pins for Remembrance Day on November 11. In recent years, Canadians have increasingly taken pride in the symbols used in Remembrance Day, such as poppy flowers and a poem called In Flanders Fields. The day celebrates the notions of sacrifice, belonging, and the nation state of Canada. Japanese Canadians also celebrate this holiday by wearing poppies and remembering the war dead. World War II, however, marked a turning point for the lives of second generation Japanese Canadians. The majority of them were interned in the “relocation camps” during the war years as “enemy aliens” irrespective of their Canadian citizenship status. This paper will describe a present-day Remembrance Day service held in a Japanese Canadian Christian congregation in Ontario, in which its veterans are remembered. The article argues that this ritual of remembrance reverses the historical and social location of Japanese Canadians from those who were the victims of the war to those who were contributors to it, enabling Japanese Canadians to assert their rightful position in Canadian society. This paper also includes a discussion of the author’s personal transformation of historical consciousness about World War II and being Japanese in Canada during this research.
Statistisch abgesicherte Interpretation von SPR-Biochipsignalen via SPRING / Statistically Verified SPR Data Analysis via SPRING
Authors: Krügener Sven , Hettwer Karina , Simon Kirsten , Uhlig Steffen 
Published: September 2013

Zusammenfassung
Für das Datenmanagement bei Messungen der Oberflächenplasmonresonanz (SPR) wurden neue mathematische Verfahren entwickelt und in die eigens entwickelte Software SPRING integriert. Die Software ermöglicht eine Auswertung von SPR-Messdaten und liefert statistisch abgesicherte Aussagen zur Charakterisierung molekularer Interaktionen. Versuchsparameter, Sensorgramme und die statistische Bewertung werden in einem umfangreichen Report zur Verfügung gestellt.
Primary hyperparathyroidism and metabolic risk factors, impact of parathyroidectomy and vitamin D supplementation, and results of a randomized double-blind study
Authors: Norenstedt Sophie , Pernow Ylva , Brismar Kerstin , Sääf Maria , Ekip Ayla , Granath Fredrik , Zedenius Jan , Nilsson Inga-Lena 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundVitamin D insufficiency may increase the risk for cardio metabolic disturbances in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).ObjectiveTo analyze the vitamin D status and indices of the metabolic syndrome in PHPT patients and the effect of vitamin D supplementation after parathyroid adenomectomy (PTX).Design and methodsDouble-blinded, randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00982722) performed at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden, April 2008 to November 2011. One hundred and fifty consecutive patients with PHPT (119 women) were randomized after PTX, 75 to oral treatment with calcium carbonate 1000 mg daily and 75 to calcium carbonate 1000 mg and cholecalciferol 1600 IU daily over 12 months. Changes in metabolic profile and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) were analyzed. Main outcome measures were changes in metabolic factors, BP, and body composition.ResultsThe 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D)-level was <50 nmol/l in 76% of the patients before PTX. After PTX, glucose, insulin, and IGF1 decreased, while the 25-OH-D and the IGF-binding protein 1 increased and remained unchanged at follow-up after study medication. One year of vitamin D supplementation resulted in lower parathyroid hormone (PTH) (40 (34–52) vs 49 (38–66) ng/l) and higher 25-OH-D (76 (65–93) vs 49 (40–62) nmol/l;P<0.05). Other laboratory parameters were stable compared with after PTX. Systolic BP decreased and total bone mineral content increased in both groups.ConclusionExcept for the lowering of the PTH level, no additive effect of vitamin D supplementation was seen. However, PTX proved effective in reducing insulin resistance.
Analysis of Allele-Specific Expression in Mouse Liver by RNA-Seq: A Comparison With Cis-eQTL Identified Using Genetic Linkage
Authors: Lagarrigue Sandrine , Martin Lisa , Hormozdiari Farhad , Roux Pierre-François , Pan Calvin , van Nas Atila , Demeure Olivier , Cantor Rita , Ghazalpour Anatole , Eskin Eleazar , Lusis Aldons J 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We report an analysis of allele-specific expression (ASE) and parent-of-origin expression in adult mouse liver using next generation sequencing (RNA-Seq) of reciprocal crosses of heterozygous F1 mice from the parental strains C57BL/6J and DBA/2J. We found a 60% overlap between genes exhibiting ASE and putative cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) identified in an intercross between the same strains. We discuss the various biological and technical factors that contribute to the differences. We also identify genes exhibiting parental imprinting and complex expression patterns. Our study demonstrates the importance of biological replicates to limit the number of false positives with RNA-Seq data.
Phylogenies of Central Element Proteins Reveal the Dynamic Evolutionary History of the Mammalian Synaptonemal Complex: Ancient and Recent Components
Authors: Fraune Johanna , Brochier-Armanet Céline , Alsheimer Manfred , Benavente Ricardo 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDuring meiosis, the stable pairing of the homologous chromosomes is mediated by the assembly of the synaptonemal complex (SC). Its tripartite structure is well conserved in Metazoa and consists of two lateral elements (LEs) and a central region (CR) that in turn is formed by several transverse filaments (TFs) and a central element (CE). In a previous article, we have shown that not only the structure, but also the major structural proteins SYCP1 (TFs) and SYCP3 (LEs) of the mammalian SC are conserved in metazoan evolution. In continuation of this work, we now investigated the evolution of the mammalian CE-specific proteins using phylogenetic and biochemical/cytological approaches. In analogy to the observations made for SYCP1 and SYCP3, we did not detect homologs of the mammalian CE proteins in insects or nematodes, but in several other metazoan clades. We were able to identify homologs of three mammalian CE proteins in several vertebrate and invertebrate species, for two of these proteins down to the basal-branching phylum of Cnidaria. Our approaches indicate that the SC arose only once, but evolved dynamically during diversification of Metazoa. Certain proteins appear to be ancient in animals, but successive addition of further components as well as protein loss and/or replacements have also taken place in some lineages.
Driving After Drug or Alcohol Use by US High School Seniors, 2001–2011
Authors: O'Malley Patrick M. , Johnston Lloyd D. 
Published: September 2013

Objectives. We examined prevalence, trends, and correlates of driving or riding after use of drugs or alcohol among US high school seniors from 2001 to 2011. Methods. Data come from Monitoring the Future, an annual survey of nationally representative samples of high school seniors. We used logistic regressions with data from more than 22 000 respondents to examine multivariate associations with demographic and lifestyle factors. Results. Large numbers of US high school seniors put themselves and others at great risk of harm by driving after using marijuana or other illicit drugs or drinking alcohol or by riding in a vehicle whose driver had used marijuana, other illicit drugs, or alcohol. Driving after drinking has declined in recent years, but driving after use of marijuana has increased. A higher percentage of students reported driving after using marijuana than after having 5 or more alcoholic drinks. Risky driving and riding behaviors differed little between demographic subgroups but considerably according to lifestyle factors. Conclusions. Stronger efforts are needed to combat adolescent driving under the influence of illicit drugs.
Social Isolation: A Predictor of Mortality Comparable to Traditional Clinical Risk Factors
Authors: Pantell Matthew , Rehkopf David , Jutte Douglas , Syme S. Leonard , Balmes John , Adler Nancy 
Published: September 2013

Objectives. We explored the relationship between social isolation and mortality in a nationally representative US sample and compared the predictive power of social isolation with that of traditional clinical risk factors.Methods. We used data on 16 849 adults from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Death Index. Predictor variables were 4 social isolation factors and a composite index. Comparison predictors included smoking, obesity, elevated blood pressure, and high cholesterol. Unadjusted Kaplan–Meier tables and Cox proportional hazards regression models controlling for sociodemographic characteristics were used to predict mortality.Results. Socially isolated men and women had worse unadjusted survival curves than less socially isolated individuals. Cox models revealed that social isolation predicted mortality for both genders, as did smoking and high blood pressure. Among men, individual social predictors included being unmarried, participating infrequently in religious activities, and lacking club or organization affiliations; among women, significant predictors were being unmarried, infrequent social contact, and participating infrequently in religious activities.Conclusions. The strength of social isolation as a predictor of mortality is similar to that of well-documented clinical risk factors. Our results suggest the importance of assessing patients’ level of social isolation.
Influence of School Beverage Environment on the Association of Beverage Consumption With Physical Education Participation Among US Adolescents
Authors: Chen Hsin-Jen , Wang Youfa 
Published: September 2013

Objectives. We examined the association of adolescents’ beverage consumption with physical activity and studied how their school beverage environment influences the association. Methods. We used nationally representative data from the 2007 Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Kindergarten Cohort (n = 8850). We examined nonlinear associations of eighth graders’ self-report of beverage consumption (milk, 100% juices, soft drinks) with moderate to vigorous physical activity and physical education (PE) participation using piecewise linear regression models. Results. We found a nonlinear association of participation in PE class with beverage consumption, especially in schools with vending machines and those selling soft drinks. For students participating in PE less than 3 days per week, beverage consumption was not significantly associated with participation in PE class frequency. For students participating in PE 3 to 5 days per week, 1 more day of participation in PE class was associated with 0.43 (SE = 0.14; P = .002) more times per week of soft drink consumption and 0.41 (SE = 0.17; P = .021) fewer glasses per week of milk consumption. Conclusions. The more soft drink and less milk consumption related to high participation in PE class might be prevented by improving the beverage environment in schools. Systematic environmental interventions are needed to prevent such potential unintended consequences of promoting physical activity.
A Prediction Model for Adverse Outcome in Hospitalized Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah , Hemming Karla , Narendran Parth , Marshall Tom , Coleman Jamie J. 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
There are no formal prognostic models predicting adverse outcomes (excessive length of stay or mortality) in hospitalized patients with diabetes. In this study, we aimed to develop a prediction model that will help identify patients with diabetes who are most likely to have an adverse event during their hospital stay.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Analysis was based on 25,118 admissions with diabetes to University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K., over 4 years (2007–2010). Adverse events are defined as either excessive length of stay or inpatient mortality. Key predictors were variables that are often available in the first 72 h of admission and included demographic characteristics, clinical pathological test results, and use of insulin. Models were constructed using logistic regression, discrimination and calibration was assessed, and internal validation was carried out.

RESULTS
The model performed well with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.802 with only a mild reduction being noted in the internal validation (AUC 0.798). At a cutoff value of 25% probability of having an adverse outcome the sensitivity was 76%, specificity was 70%, and the positive predictive value was 49%. If it is used for a case-finding approach limiting to noncritical care settings, then at the same cutoff value, two-thirds (sensitivity 69%) of the admissions with adverse outcomes could potentially be identified.

CONCLUSIONS
Once externally validated, we suggest that our model will be a useful tool for identifying diabetic patients who are at risk for poor outcomes when admitted to hospital.
Early Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Bjornstad Petter , Snell-Bergeon Janet K. , Rewers Marian , Jalal Diana , Chonchol Michel B. , Johnson Richard J. , Maahs David M. 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of mortality in type 1 diabetes. Reduced insulin sensitivity is a well-documented component of type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that baseline insulin sensitivity would predict development of DN over 6 years.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We assessed the relationship between insulin sensitivity at baseline and development of early phenotypes of DN—microalbuminuria (albumin-creatinine ratio [ACR] ≥30 mg/g) and rapid renal function decline (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] loss &gt;3 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year)—with three Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations over 6 years. Subjects with diabetes (n = 449) and without diabetes (n = 565) in the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study had an estimated insulin sensitivity index (ISI) at baseline and 6-year follow-up.

RESULTS
The ISI was lower in subjects with diabetes than in those without diabetes (P &lt; 0.0001). A higher ISI at baseline predicted a lower odds of developing an ACR ≥30 mg/g (odds ratio 0.65 [95% CI 0.49–0.85], P = 0.003) univariately and after adjusting for HbA1c (0.69 [0.51–0.93], P = 0.01). A higher ISI at baseline conferred protection from a rapid decline of GFR as assessed by CKD-EPI cystatin C (0.77 [0.64–0.92], P = 0.004) and remained significant after adjusting for HbA1c and age (0.80 [0.67–0.97], P = 0.02). We found no relation between ISI and rapid GFR decline estimated by CKD-EPI creatinine (P = 0.38) or CKD-EPI combined cystatin C and creatinine (P = 0.50).

CONCLUSIONS
Over 6 years, a higher ISI independently predicts a lower odds of developing microalbuminuria and rapid GFR decline as estimated with cystatin C, suggesting a relationship between insulin sensitivity and early phenotypes of DN.
Small- and Large-Fiber Neuropathy After 40 Years of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Sveen Kari Anne , Karimé Bassam , Jørum Ellen , Mellgren Svein Ivar , Fagerland Morten Wang , Monnier Vincent M. , Dahl-Jørgensen Knut , Hanssen Kristian F. 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
To study large- and small-nerve fiber function in type 1 diabetes of long duration and associations with HbA1c and the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) N-ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In a long-term follow-up study, 27 persons with type 1 diabetes of 40 ± 3 years duration underwent large-nerve fiber examinations, with nerve conduction studies at baseline and years 8, 17, and 27. Small-fiber functions were assessed by quantitative sensory thresholds (QST) and intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) at year 27. HbA1c was measured prospectively through 27 years. Serum CML was measured at year 17 by immunoassay. Serum hydroimidazolone was measured at year 27 with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.

RESULTS
Sixteen patients (59%) had large-fiber neuropathy. Twenty-two (81%) had small-fiber dysfunction by QST. Heat pain thresholds in the foot were associated with hydroimidazolone and HbA1c. IENFD was abnormal in 19 (70%) and significantly lower in diabetic patients than in age-matched control subjects (4.3 ± 2.3 vs. 11.2 ± 3.5 mm, P &lt; 0.001). IENFD correlated negatively with HbA1c over 27 years (r = −0.4, P = 0.04) and CML (r = −0.5, P = 0.01). After adjustment for age, height, and BMI in a multiple linear regression model, CML was still independently associated with IENFD.

CONCLUSIONS
Small-fiber sensory neuropathy is a major manifestation in type 1 diabetes of 40 years duration and more prevalent than large-fiber neuropathy. HbA1c and the AGEs CML and hydroimidazolone are important risk factors in the development of large- and small-fiber dysfunction in long-term type 1 diabetes.