bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of durable disease control with chemotherapy for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: a comparative study of systemic therapy
Authors: Hughes Charlotte F. M. , Khot Amit , McCormack Christopher , Lade Stephen , Westerman David A. , Twigger Robert , Buelens Odette , Newland Kate , Tam Constantine , Dickinson Michael , Ryan Gail , Ritchie David , Wood Colin , Prince H. Miles 
Published: October 2014

Key PointsChemotherapy results in a short median time to next treatment in patients with mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome. α-interferon achieves a superior time to next treatment compared with chemotherapy, regardless of stage.
Ferromagnetism in ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets: from amorphous to crystalline
Authors: Zhang Rongfang , Li You , Qi Jing , Gao Daqiang 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have various applications in the next generation nanodevices because of their easy fabrication and particular properties. In this work, we studied the effects of crystalline order on the magnetic properties of ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets. Results indicate that all the fabricated samples show clear room temperature ferromagnetism. The amorphous sample has the larger saturation magnetization than that of the crystallized samples, where the disordered grain boundary or defects in the nanosheets are considered to be responsible for the long-range magnetic order. These MoS2 nanosheets with versatile functions may have potential applications in spintronics, nanodevices, and photodevices.
Some coincidence theorems for generalized nonlinear contractions in ordered metric spaces with applications
Authors: Alam Aftab , Khan Abdur Rauf , Imdad Mohammad 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this article, we prove some existence and uniqueness results on coincidence points for g-increasing mappings satisfying generalized φ-contractivity conditions in ordered metric spaces. As an application of one of our newly proved results, we indicate the formulation of a coupled coincidence theorem. Our results generalize, extend, modify, improve, sharpen, enrich, and complement several well-known results of the existing literature. Also, we point out that a recent coincidence point result proved in Dalal et al. (J. Adv. Math. 7(1):1084-1094, 2014) contains errors and omissions.

MSC:47H10, 54H25.
The costs of early school leaving in Europe
Authors: Brunello Giorgio , Paola Maria De 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The reduction of early school leaving to less than 10 percent of the relevant population by 2020 is a headline target in the Europe 2020 strategy and one of the five benchmarks of the strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training. Designing adequate policies to combat early school leaving is a difficult task that requires both the identification of causal links and the measurement of costs and benefits. In this paper, we review the issues surrounding the measurement of the costs of early school leaving to individuals and societies and examine several implemented policies that are expected to affect early school leavers. These include broad policies – such as changes in minimum school leaving age, tracking and school resources – as well as more targeted policies. While our focus is mainly on Europe, we also consider important evidence from across the Atlantic.

JEL Classification

J24.
A trust-based framework for vehicular travel with non-binary reports and its validation via an extensive simulation testbed
Authors: Cohen Robin , Zhang Jie , Finnson John , Tran Thomas , Minhas Umar F 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we offer an algorithm for intelligent decision making about travel path planning in mobile vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), for scenarios where agents representing vehicles exchange reports about traffic. One challenge that arises is how best to model the trustworthiness of those traffic reports. To this end, we outline an algorithm for effectively soliciting, receiving and analyzing the trustworthiness of these reports, to drive a vehicle’s decision about the path to follow. Distinct from earlier work, we clarify the need for specifying the conditions under which reports are exchanged and for processing non-binary reports, culminating in a proposed algorithm to achieve that processing, as part of the trust modeling and path planning. To validate our approach we then offer a detailed evaluation framework that achieves large scale simulation of traffic, travel and reporting of information, confirming the value of our proposed approach by demonstrating the average speed of vehicles which follow our algorithm (compared to ones that do not). This experimental framework is promoted as a significant contribution towards the goal of evaluating trust algorithms for intelligent decision making in traffic scenarios.
Partial Blockade of Kv2.1 Channel Potentiates GLP-1's Insulinotropic Effects in Islets and Reduces Its Dose Required for Improving Glucose Tolerance in Type 2 Diabetic Male Mice
Authors: Sukma Rita Rauza , Dezaki Katsuya , Kurashina Tomoyuki , Kakei Masafumi , Yada Toshihiko 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based medicines have recently been widely used to treat type 2 diabetic patients, whereas adverse effects of nausea and vomiting have been documented. Inhibition of voltage-gated K+ channel subtype Kv2.1 in pancreatic β-cells has been suggested to contribute to mild depolarization and promotion of insulin release. This study aimed to determine whether the blockade of Kv2.1 channels potentiates the insulinotropic effect of GLP-1 agonists. Kv2.1 channel blocker guangxitoxin-1E (GxTx) and GLP-1 agonist exendin-4 at subthreshold concentrations, when combined, markedly increased the insulin release and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in a glucose-dependent manner in mouse islets and β-cells. Exendin-4 at subthreshold concentration alone increased islet insulin release and β-cell [Ca2+]i in Kv2.1+/− mice. The [Ca2+]i response to subthreshold exendin-4 and GxTx in combination was attenuated by pretreatment with protein kinase A inhibitor H-89, indicating the protein kinase A dependency of the cooperative effect. Furthermore, subthreshold doses of GxTx and GLP-1 agonist liraglutide in combination markedly increased plasma insulin and improved glucose tolerance in diabetic db/db mice and NSY mice. These results demonstrate that a modest suppression of Kv2.1 channels dramatically raises insulinotropic potency of GLP-1-based drugs, which opens a new avenue to reduce their doses and associated adverse effects while achieving the same glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
THE INFLUENCE OF SLAG ON DEGRADATION OF TUNDISH WORKING LINING
Authors: Buľko Branislav , Demeter Peter , Havran Juraj 
Published: October 2014

This paper is focused on the influence of the slag formed by covering and refining powders on lifetime, respectively on the wearing of the working lining of tundish. The experimental part deals with the influences of used covering and refining powders on the working. Besides the influence of covering and refining powders is also considered the influence of the ladle well filler and slag from the ladle. The wear of the lining is evaluated using the change in dimensions of working lining in the range of slag mark on particular tundishes. Based on chemical composition of the slag and thermodynamics are modeled chemical reactions causing corrosion of the refractory material. The experimental part contains also comparison of measured chemical composition of the slag during the sequence with material balance.
PHYSICAL AND NUMERICAL DETERMINATION OF WORKABILITY IN ALUMINIUM ALLOYS
Authors: Kováčová Andrea , Kvačkaj Tibor , Kočiško Róbert , Tiža Juraj 
Published: October 2014

To prevent any failure or fracture in materials during a forming process, the study of material workability is a crucial task. In this paper, the workability of two different aluminium alloys was described through Cockcroft - Latham ductile fracture criteria and forming limit diagrams. Moreover, the experiments have been carried out using compression tests and finite element methods and there was able to compare and verify the physical and numerical approaches. According to the results, there was found out that physical and numerical models are advantageous tools to describe the material workability during forming processes and the optimal data are obtained when both approaches are working together.
VARIOUS POSSIBILITIES OF THE HOT EXTRUSION IN ALUMINUM CHIPS PROCESSING
Authors: Kočiško Róbert , Bidulský Róbert , Dragošek Lukáš , Škrobian Milan 
Published: October 2014

This article deals with the analysis and comparison of the conditions for solid state welding during extrusions by means of numerical simulation. Numerical simulations made on four different matrices, such as square die without integrated extrusion and equal channel angular pressing (iECAP), porthole die whit one and four square profile. Maximum volume and distribution of effective strain, strain rate and shear stress was analyzing. The results show that during cold molding of chips there is mutual deformations of chips, which are rearranged and mechanically crimped. In the first phase of pressing occurs complete elimination of porosity. The square die with iECAP was extrusion force is 30% higher than porthole die. Maximumeffective strain was calculated for the porthole die whit four square profile.
Growth in a ‘New World’: Case Studies of Peer Leader Experiences in the STEPS Program for People With Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Kennedy Areti , Turner Benjamin , Kendall Melissa 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackground: The Skills To Enable People and CommunitieS (STEPS) Program is a new information, support and skills program that aims to develop sustainable networks of support for individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) and their families in communities throughout Queensland, Australia. The program adopts a self-management approach and is delivered by trained peer and professional leaders. Aim: To explore the experiences of both peer and lay leaders in the delivery of the STEPS Skills Program and coordination of STEPS Network Groups. Method: A multiple qualitative case study design was utilised to explore the unique experiences of three trained STEPS Program Leaders. Data collection entailed in-depth semistructured interviews with participants and further incorporated routine STEPS Program Leader descriptive data. The data analysis involved a four-stage approach that included assembling the raw case data, constructing case records, producing case narratives and cross-case pattern analysis. Results: Case study narratives were produced to describe participant experiences with the STEPS Program. The cross-case pattern analysis revealed two dimensions of comparison. The first dimension describes the process by which participants became STEPS Program Leaders, while the second dimension reflects the growth outcomes experienced by participants through their involvement with the STEPS Program. Specific growth outcomes are described in relation to the following domains: ‘expansion of social roles and skills’, ‘appreciation of life’, ‘interpersonal relationships and communication’, ‘confidence, personal strength and accomplishment’ and ‘growth in self as a person’. The results are also described with respect to a model that depicts the process of growth through STEPS Program delivery. Conclusion: Posttraumatic growth of peer leaders after brain injury can be facilitated within a therapeutic intervention such as the STEPS Program.
Begriffliches versus nicht-begriffliches Selbstbewusstsein
Authors: Esken Frank 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper I defend a sophisticated language-bound notion of self-consciousness against so called non-conceptual forms of self-consciousness. I distinguish self-specific (first-order) consciousness from (second-order) self-consciousness and I argue that the proponents of non-conceptual forms of self-consciousness confound both notions.
Der unheimliche Spiegel. Eine Neubewertung der Spiegel-Selbsterfahrungsexperimente als Test für das Vorliegen von begrifflichem Selbstbewusstsein
Authors: Rochat Philippe , Zahavi Dan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Mirror self-experience is re-cast away from the cognitivist interpretation that has dominated discussions on the issue since the establishment of the mirror mark test. Ideas formulated by Merleau-Ponty on mirror self-experience point to the profoundly unsettling encounter with one’s specular double. These ideas, together with developmental evidence are re-visited to provide a new, psychologically and phenomenologically more valid account of mirror self-experience: an experience associated with deep wariness.
Physiologische Psychologie des Selbstbewusstseins zwischen Wolff und Kant
Authors: Thiel Udo 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Having outlined the development of early modern conceptions of selfconsciousness, this paper then examines and critically evaluates the late eighteenth- century empirical psychology of Karl Franz von Irwing, a German enlightenment thinker. Irwing’s four volume work Erfahrungen und Untersuchungen über den Menschen is devoted to an empirical ‘science of man’. In terms of the notions of consciousness and self-consciousness, he nevertheless follows Wolff in that he adopts the latter’s idea that the capacity to distinguish among perceptions must be assumed for self-consciousness to be possible. As it turns out, however, Irwing’s main interest is in line with his general project and concerns the empirical development of self-consciousness. He argues that non-conceptual, immediate selfawareness or Selbstgefühl has its origin in the sense of touch, but that a conceptually mediated form of self-consciousness requires in addition the development of certain mental activities which are in turn dependent on language. Further he accounts for what he calls ‘continued self-consciousness’ in which consists our personality. Irwing does not explain diachronic personal identity, however, as he is instead concerned only with how the idea of identity develops. This points to the limitations of a project such as Irwing’s, as it avoids the fundamental philosophical issues concerning self-consciousness and personal identity.
A mascon adjustment of the Earth’s gravity field using GOCE gradiometer data
Authors: Mysen Eirik 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe have subtracted known contributions from the GOCE gradiometer data that forms the basis of the fourth generation time-wise gravity field solution (TIM4), and mapped the residuals onto a local mascon model covering the south of Norway. Quasigeoids derived from combinations of the mascon adjusted TIM4 solution and EGM08 were then compared to height anomalies of a precise and dense GPS/levelling network. It was found that a mascon adjustment of TIM4 based on the first satellite cycle could improve the consistency between the corresponding quasigeoid and the network by about 0.5 cm. If the data foundation of the mascon solution was expanded to include also the next two-three satellite cycles then an improved consistency between the corresponding quasigeoid and the network height anomalies appeared on all spatial scales.
Cortisol in tissue and systemic level as a contributing factor to the development of metabolic syndrome in severely obese patients
Authors: Constantinopoulos Petros , Michalaki Marina , Kottorou Anastasia , Habeos Ioannis , Psyrogiannis Agathoklis , Kalfarentzos Fotios , Kyriazopoulou Venetsana 
Published: October 2014

ContextAdrenal and extra-adrenal cortisol production may be involved in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS).ObjectiveTo investigate the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and the expression of HSD11B1, nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (glucocorticoid receptors) α (NR3C1α) and β (NR3C1β) in the liver, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of severely obese patients with and without MetS.MethodsThe study included 37 severely obese patients (BMI ≥40 kg/m2), 19 with MetS (MetS+ group) and 18 without (MetS− group), studied before and during bariatric surgery. Before the day of surgery, urinary free cortisol (UFC) and diurnal variation of serum and salivary cortisol were estimated. During surgery, biopsies of the liver, VAT and SAT were obtained. The expression of HSD11B1, NR3C1α and NR3C1β was evaluated by RT-PCR.ResultsUFC and area under the curve for 24-h profiles of serum and salivary cortisol were lower in the MetS− group. In the MetS− group, mRNA levels ofHSD11B1in liver exhibited a negative correlation with liver NR3C1α (LNR3C1α) and VAT expression of HSD11B1 was lower than the MetS+ group.ConclusionsWe observed a downregulation of the NR3C1α expression and lower VAT mRNA levels ofHSD11B1in the MetS− group, indicating a lower selective tissue cortisol production and action that could protect these patients from the metabolic consequences of obesity. In the MetS− group, a lower activity of the HPA axis was also detected. Taken together, cortisol in tissue and systematic level might play a role in the development of MetS in severely obese patients.
Gene Expression Variation inDrosophila melanogasterDue to Rare Transposable Element Insertion Alleles of Large Effect
Authors: Cridland Julie M , Thornton Kevin R , Long Anthony D 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTransposable elements are a common source of genetic variation that may play a substantial role in contributing to gene expression variation. However, the contribution of transposable elements to expression variation thus far consists of a handful of examples. We used previously published gene expression data from 37 inbred Drosophila melanogaster lines from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel to perform a genome-wide assessment of the effects of transposable elements on gene expression. We found thousands of transcripts with transposable element insertions in or near the transcript and that the presence of a transposable element in or near a transcript is significantly associated with reductions in expression. We estimate that within this example population, ∼2.2% of transcripts have a transposable element insertion, which significantly reduces expression in the line containing the transposable element. We also find that transcripts with insertions within 500 bp of the transcript show on average a 0.67 standard deviation decrease in expression level. These large decreases in expression level are most pronounced for transposable element insertions close to transcripts and the effect diminishes for more distant insertions. This work represents the first genome-wide analysis of gene expression variation due to transposable elements and suggests that transposable elements are an important class of mutation underlying expression variation in Drosophila and likely in other systems, given the ubiquity of these mobile elements in eukaryotic genomes.
Glaucoma Pathophysyology and Therapeutic Implication
Authors: Ster Anda Maria , Popp Radu Anghel , Petrisor Felicia Maria , Stan Cristina , Pop Victor Ioan 
Published: October 2014

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma(POAG) is a chronic, irreversible optic neuropathy leading to the progressive death of retinal ganglion cells, clinically observed as silent visual field loss along with a decrease in colour and contrast sensitivity. Multiple pathogenic theories have been issued and some of them have proven their involvement in disease development: mechanical damage due to increased intraocular pressure, variable susceptibility of the optic nerve, mutation in specific nuclear genes, increased glutamate levels, alteration in nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, changes in the mitochondrial genome, vascular dysregulation, and toxic effects and oxidative damage cause by reactive oxygen species1.The aim of this article is to highlight the pathogenic role of vascular dysregulation and reactive oxygen species in POAG with the further possibilities for prevention and gene therapy.
Castleman disease. A report of six cases.
Authors: Fetica Bogdan , Pop Bogdan , Lisencu Cosmin , Rancea Alin Cristian , Coman Aurel , Cucuianu Andrei , Petrov Ljubomir 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroud and aims: Castleman’s disease is a rare disorder situated at the boundary between reactive and neoplastic conditions. The pathogenesis is a subject of debate and the limited number of cases renders the study of the disease difficult.In our paper we present a series of six case of Castleman disease with emphasis on clinical presentation, pathology examination and the use of immunohistochemistry in the final diagnosis of the cases.Patients and method: Classification of the disease was based on clinical, imaging and pathological assesment. Specimens were obtained by surgical excission and were routinely processed for the pathology examination. Results: All cases were unicentric disease. Two cases were locally extensive. The clinical symptoms were related mostly to compression effects. Five case were of the hyaline-vascular type and one was included in the plasma cell variant. One case showed angiomyoid differentiation.Discussion: The histological aspect is highly sugestive of a chronic reactive process although some authors include the disease in the lymphproliferative disorders category. Chronic viral stimulation, especially Herpes virus 8 (HHV-8, Kaposi sarcoma virus) infection, the IL-6 signaling cascade, angiogenesis and clonal rearangements play a role in the pathogensis of CD.Conclusions: We strongly belive that by understanding the pathogenesis of the precursor lessions we will gain better understanding of the pathways that lead to neoplasia and that Castleman disesase is a very interesting „natural experiment” ilustrating the progression from chronic antigen stimulation to reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and finally to overt lymphoid neoplasia.
Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Pathophysiology and Prevention
Authors: Csapo Melinda , Lazar Liviu 
Published: October 2014

Along with the remarkable progress registered in oncological treatment that led to increased survival of cancer patients, treatment-related comorbidities have also become an issue for these long-term survivors. Of particular interest is the development of cardiotoxic events, which, even when asymptomatic, not only have a negative impact on the patient`s cardiac prognosis, but also considerably restrict therapeutic opportunities. The pathophysiology of cytostatic-induced cardiotoxicity implies a series of complex and intricate mechanisms, whose understanding enables the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. Securing cardiac function is an ongoing challenge for the pharmaceutical industry and the physicians who have to deal currently with these adverse reactions. This review focuses on the main mechanism of cardiac toxicity induced by anticancer drugs and especially on the current strategies applied for preventing and minimizing the cardiac side effects.