bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of image-based motion correction on dopamine D3/D2 receptor occupancy—comparison of groupwise and frame-by-frame registration approaches
Authors: Jiao Jieqing , Searle Graham E. , Schnabel Julia A. , Gunn Roger N. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background
Image registration algorithms are frequently used to align the reconstructed brain PET frames to remove subject head motion. However, in occupancy studies, this is a challenging task where competitive binding of a drug can further reduce the available signal for registration. The purpose of this study is to evaluate two kinds of algorithms—a conventional frame-by-frame (FBF) registration and a recently introduced groupwise image registration (GIR), for motion correction of a dopamine D3/D2 receptor occupancy study.

Methods
The FBF method co-registers all the PET frames to a common reference based on normalised mutual information as the spatial similarity. The GIR method incorporates a pharmacokinetic model and conducts motion correction by maximising a likelihood function iteratively on tracer kinetics and subject motion. Data from eight healthy volunteers scanned with [11C]-(+)-PHNO pre- and post-administration of a range of doses of the D3 antagonist GSK618334 were used to compare the motion correction performance.

Results
The groupwise registration achieved improved motion correction results, both by visual inspection of the dynamic PET data and by the reduction of the variability in the outcome measures, and required no additional steps to exclude unsuccessfully realigned PET data for occupancy modelling as compared to frame-by-frame registration. Furthermore, for the groupwise method, the resultant binding potential estimates had reduced variation and bias for individual scans and improved half maximal effective concentration (EC50) estimates were obtained for the study as a whole.

Conclusions
These results indicate that the groupwise registration approach can provide improved motion correction of dynamic brain PET data as compared to frame-by-frame registration approaches for receptor occupancy studies.
Phospholipid scramblase 1 is required for β2-glycoprotein I binding in hypoxia and reoxygenation-induced endothelial inflammation
Authors: Slone Emily Archer , Pope Michael R , Fleming Sherry D 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Multiple pathologic conditions, including hemorrhage, tumor angiogenesis, and ischemia-reperfusion events, will result in hypoxia and subsequent reperfusion. Previous studies have analyzed the lipid changes within whole tissues and indicated that ischemia-reperfusion altered tissue and cellular phospholipids. Using an in vitro cell culture model of hypoxia and reoxygenation, we examined the endothelial lipid changes. We hypothesized that phospholipid scramblase 1, a protein that regulates bilayer asymmetry, is involved in altering the phospholipids of endothelial cells during hypoxia, a component of ischemia, leading to β2-glycoprotein I and IgM binding and subsequent lipid-mediated, inflammatory responses. We have completed the first comprehensive study of steady-state phospholipid scramblase 1 mRNA levels, protein expression, and activity under conditions of hypoxia and reoxygenation. Phospholipid scramblase 1 regulates phosphatidylserine exposure in response to oxygen stress, leading to β2-glycoprotein I and IgM binding and lipid-mediated, inflammatory responses.
Relative Effectiveness of Letrozole Compared With Tamoxifen for Patients With Lobular Carcinoma in the BIG 1-98 Trial
Authors: Metzger Filho Otto , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Mallon Elizabeth , Gusterson Barry , Viale Giuseppe , Winer Eric P. , Thürlimann Beat , Gelber Richard D. , Colleoni Marco , Ejlertsen Bent , Debled Marc , Price Karen N. , Regan Meredith M. , Coates Alan S. , Goldhirsch Aron 
Published: July 2015

PurposeTo evaluate the relative effectiveness of letrozole compared with tamoxifen for patients with invasive ductal or lobular carcinoma.Patients and MethodsPatients diagnosed with early-stage invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) or classic invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) who were randomly assigned onto the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 trial and who had centrally reviewed pathology data were included (N = 2,923). HER2-negative IDC and ILC were additionally classified as hormone receptor–positive with high (luminal B [LB] –like) or low (luminal A [LA] –like) proliferative activity by Ki-67 labeling index. Survival analyses were performed with weighted Cox models that used inverse probability of censoring weighted modeling.ResultsThe median follow-up time was 8.1 years. In multivariable models for disease-free survival (DFS), significant interactions between treatment and histology (ILC or IDC; P = .006) and treatment and subgroup (LB like or LA like; P = .01) were observed. In the ILC subset, there was a 66% reduction in the hazard of a DFS event with letrozole for LB (hazard ratio [HR], 0.34; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.55) and a 50% reduction for LA subtypes (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.78). In the IDC subset, there was a significant 35% reduction in the hazard of a DFS event with letrozole for the LB subtype (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.79), but no difference between treatments was noted for IDC and the LA subtype (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.20).ConclusionThe magnitude of benefit of adjuvant letrozole is greater for patients diagnosed with lobular carcinoma versus ductal carcinoma.
Next-Generation Sequencing of Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma Reveals High Frequency of Actionable MET Gene Mutations
Authors: Liu Xuewen , Jia Yuxia , Stoopler Mark B. , Shen Yufeng , Cheng Haiying , Chen Jinli , Mansukhani Mahesh , Koul Sanjay , Halmos Balazs , Borczuk Alain C. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose To further understand the molecular pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) and develop new therapeutic strategies in this treatment-refractory disease. Materials and Methods Whole-exome sequencing in a discovery set (n = 10) as well as targeted MET mutation screening in an independent validation set (n = 26) of PSC were performed. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to validate MET exon 14 skipping. Functional studies for validation of the oncogenic roles of MET exon 14 skipping were conducted in lung adenosquamous cell line H596 (MET exon 14 skipped and PIK3CA mutated) and gastric adenocarcinoma cell line Hs746T (MET exon 14 skipped). Response to MET inhibitor therapy with crizotinib in a patient with advanced PSC and MET exon 14 skipping was evaluated to assess clinical translatability. Results In addition to confirming mutations in known cancer-associated genes (TP53, KRAS, PIK3CA, MET, NOTCH, STK11, and RB1), several novel mutations in additional genes, including RASA1, CDH4, CDH7, LAMB4, SCAF1, and LMTK2, were identified and validated. MET mutations leading to exon 14 skipping were identified in eight (22%) of 36 patient cases; one of these tumors also harbored a concurrent PIK3CA mutation. Short interfering RNA silencing of MET and MET inhibition with crizotinib showed marked effects on cell viability and decrease in downstream AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in Hs746T and H596 cells. Concurrent PIK3CA mutation required addition of a second agent for successful pathway suppression and cell viability effect. Dramatic response to crizotinib was noted in a patient with advanced chemotherapy-refractory PSC carrying a MET exon 14 skipping mutation. Conclusion Mutational events of MET leading to exon 14 skipping are frequent and potentially targetable events in PSC.
A culture of borrowing: Iconography, ideology and idiom in Kari-gurashi no Arietti/The Secret World of Arrietty
Authors: Hyland Robert 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Japanese director and producer of animated film, Miyazaki Hayao had long wanted to make an adaptation of the Mary Norton novel, The Borrowers (1952). The film Kari-gurashi no Arietti/The Secret World of Arrietty (Yonebayashi, 2010) at first look strikes one as a suitable fit for Studio Ghibli both culturally and ideologically, with its history of setting stories in imagined European landscapes and its established style of blending fantastic and realist narrative with imagistic elements, and indeed, Japan is itself not without legends of miniature people or Chibi Kobito. The film, however, manifests myriad ambivalences, many of which are derived from the limitations and contradictions inherent in adapting a geographically, historically and culturally ‘foreign’ text. Using Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri (2000) and their writings on globalization in their work Empire, this paper uses their concept of post-Fordian globalization: an era characterized by global awareness and cultural sensitivity, as a framework from which to analyse the film’s many ambivalences. This article examines cultural, aesthetic and ideological liminality inherent in the Studio Ghibli animated film adaptation of Mary Norton’s The Borrowers, a film which reflects its twenty-first-century production and at the same time, inevitably is pervaded by the cultural context of its nineteenth and twentieth-century antecedents.
Negotiating the meaning of filial piety in The Guasha Treatment
Authors: Han Qijun 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In the field of contemporary Chinese cinema, the theme of filial piety has served as a key concept for a large number of Chinese-language films, covering various genres from melodrama to martial arts. Through a detailed narrative analysis of the cultural practices and identity politics in the filmic text, this article examines the way in which the traditional value of filial piety finds its powerful and subtle expression in Xiaolong Zheng’s lesser-known film The Guasha Treatment (2001), centring on Chinese family life in the United States. The theme of filial piety is particularly important for this film because it is situated at the centre of cross-cultural encounters and conflict. The film thus can be seen as an attempt to present how Chinese cultural beliefs, practices and products can generate problems when transplanted into an American setting. As such, it not only foregrounds the family and filial piety, but also addresses the issue of the western reception of Chinese culture and the experience of the Chinese diaspora.
Reviews
Authors: Wang Pei-Ti , Ku Robert Ji-Song 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
變形、象徵與符號化的系譜: 漫畫的文化研究 / The Genealogy of Transformation, Symbolism and Symbolization: A Cultural Study of Comics, I-Yun Lee (2012 first edition) Taipei: Daw Shiang Publishing, 274 pp., ISBN: 9789866078200, Paperback, NTD $280.
K-Pop: Popular Music, Cultural Amnesia, and Economic Innovation in South Korea, John Lie (2014) Oakland: University of California Press, Paperback, 248 pp., ISBN: 9780520283121 (paperback), £24.95.
Sex, politics and Swedish silent film: Mauritz Stiller's feminism comedies of the 1910s
Authors: Horak Laura 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In the 1910s, the Finnish-Swedish film-maker Mauritz Stiller directed a series of comedies that took up suffrage, women in the workplace, eugenics, dress reform and womanliness as masquerade. I argue that these films, and Thomas Graal�s Best Child in particular, used comedy to contest the melodramatic tenor of these debates by modelling a light-hearted, cosmopolitan attitude towards social change.
Two Nordic existential comedies: Smiles of a Summer Night and The Kingdom
Authors: Grodal Torben 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The article analyses Ingmar Bergman�s Smiles of a Summer Night and Lars von Trier�s The Kingdom. By means of evolution-and neurology-based humour theory it shows how the two directors � who ordinarily make dark and tragic films � use humour mechanisms from mainstream entertainment to transform tragic and painful situations into a social ritual of mirth.
Political comedy and comical politics: Jón Gnarr and the Icelandic television series The Night Shift
Authors: Glanz Berit 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This article examines the role of political comedy in Jón Gnarr's work for Icelandic television and his use of comic elements during his time as the mayor of Reykjavík 2010 to 2014. In applying Kenneth Burkes theory of the comic frame on the first episode of the series The Night Shift and Jón Gnarr's political career, the article analyses the parallels in his work as a politician and a comedian.
Empowering images or preserved stereotypes: Representations of disability in contemporary film comedies1
Authors: Ljuslinder Karin 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Historically, disability in comedy has taken the form of joking at the expense of disabled persons. In modern times, it is first and foremost through media that the public is exposed to representations of disability, and media is considered societys most far-reaching (re)producer of cultural values. This degrading ridicule in combination with the pervasiveness of media has made disability and humour a controversial combination. Through discourse analysis this article analyses three contemporary mainstream cinema comedies about disability with the overall aim to contribute to enhanced knowledge of how different articulations promote or challenge hegemonic presumptions about disability. The analysis shows that empowering images and stereotypes of disability exist simultaneously as competing discourses in media representations. The conclusion is that aware decisions about how to represent disability are indispensable for film-makers due to the major role of media in forming public perceptions.
Family porn - the zodiac film: Popular comedy with hard-core sex
Authors: Thorsen Isak 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This article addresses the highly popular Danish Zodiac films, a series of six films made between 1973 and 1978. What was extraordinary about the films was their combination of traditional popular comedy and hard-core porn. Analysing the films� combination of comedy and pornography from a historical perspective, the article demonstrates how the series evolved through the six instalments. Two developments are identified: first, the disappearance of the anti-authoritarian, open-minded view of sex that characterized the earlier films; and second, the degeneration of narrative coherence, which was weak even initially. The Zodiac films are seen in the context of the historical period, when pornography became fashionable, and also with regard to the overall development of Danish comedy.
The labour market of the Silesian voivodeship (Poland), and its determinants
Authors: Kłosowski Franciszek 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterise the labour market of the Silesian voivodeship and its determinants between 2010 and 2012, although in order to show certain trends in changes data from the beginning of the 21st century are also used as a basis whereas from the more forward-looking perspective, projections up until 2020 were used. This market is very important from the nationwide perspective, and this is due to its complexity, size (it concentrates 2 million employed people, that is 14.4% of the whole workforce of Poland) and specificity (industry still plays a crucial role). In order to achieve the objective indicated above, a set of measures relating to the number of employed people, business entities or GDP were used for the purpose of the analysis. The presented material shows the high volatility of the situation on the labour market both at the voivodeship level and individual communities – this is particularly true of the number of employed people and the rate of unemployment. An advantage of the newly created jobs over those that are shed which has been continuously recorded since 2008 and a decrease in the unemployment rate are positive symptoms. Katowice being the largest market and, moreover, characterised by the highest rank range of its impact and lowest unemployment rate have gained a dominant position in the regional labour market. Bielsko-Biała, Tychy, Gliwice and Bieruń-Lędziny County also clearly stand out against the background of other communities. The most difficult situation can be observed in Bytom, Świętochłowice, Piekary Śląskie and in the counties located in the northern part of the voivodeship, that is Częstochowa, Myszków and Zawiercie. Not only today but also in the coming decade, in terms of demand the labour market of the Silesian voivodeship will be strongly affected by its demographic situation; population decline, ageing population, migration, including, in particular, foreign migration will cause a decline in the labour force. By contrast, the labour supply will depend on an economic factor, that is mainly an improvement in the economic situation in Poland and around the world and a reduction in the cost of labour (external determinants). In the next few years the role of innovation (including the technological factor) which will affect the labour demand in terms of quantity and, perhaps to a greater extent, in terms of quality (changes in the structure of the labour market) will become more and more significant.
Thunderstorms and thunderstorm precipitations in southern Poland
Authors: Bielec-Bąkowska Zuzanna 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper addresses spatial and temporal variability in the occurrence of thunderstorms and related precipitation in southern Poland between 1951 and 2010. The analysis was based on thunderstorm observations and daily precipitation totals (broken down into the few ranges) from 15 meteorological stations. It was found that precipitation accompanied an overwhelming majority of thunderstorms. The most frequent range of thunderstorm precipitation totals was 0.1–10.0 mm which accounted for 60% of all values while precipitation higher than 20.0 mm accounted only for ca. 8%. During the study period, long-term change in the number of days with thunderstorm precipitation within a certain range displayed no clear-cut trends. Exceptions included: 1) an increase in the number of days with thunderstorm precipitation in the lowest range of totals (0.1–10.0 mm) at Katowice, Tarnów, Rzeszów and Lesko and decrease at Mt. Kasprowy Wierch, 2) an increase in the range 10.1–20.0 mm at Zakopane and 20.1–30.0 mm at Opole, 3) a decrease of the top range (more than 30.0 mm) at Mt. Śnieżka. It was found that the heaviest thunderstorm precipitation events, i.e. totalling more than 30 mm, and those events that covered all or most of the study area, occurred at the time of air advection from the southern or eastern sectors and a passage of atmospheric fronts.
Monetary assessment of natural values – a case study from the flooded mining pit in Suszec (Poland)
Authors: Szendera Waldemar , Czerwieńska Karolina , Kuczera Joanna 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper presents a potential monetary assessment of natural habitats based on a method worked out in 2003 in the Czech Republic. The assessment was prepared for the reclaimed flooded mining pit in Suszec. The analysis was focused on three variants of real and potential habitats from the reclaimed land. Natural values of the flooded mining pit have undergone changes due to afforestation reclamation activities. It has been calculated that the value of natural habitats expressed in numbers will decrease by 70.7% in comparison to the area prior to reclamation, whereas the monetary value of the natural habitats will decrease by 10,319,519.00 PLN. An important element of the assessment includes recognition, diagnosis and evaluation of the actual state of natural habitats by preparing a detailed inventory and determining the most valuable species of plants and animals as well as landscape values. Unfortunately, at present in Poland there is no clear and explicit method of estimating the assessment of lost natural value that would allow approximating the monetary value of a given terrain and determine the most favourable direction of its management. Application of monetary assessment of natural habitats requires its adjustment to Polish conditions. Due to the similarity of climate and geomorphological conditions in Central Europe, it is possible to adopt elements of habitat assessments used in the Czech Republic and in Germany. Natural habitat assessment will provide a solid base for preventing conflicts caused by the needs of economic development at the expense of local protection of the natural environment. As a result, it will be easier to achieve an agreement between different parties in the investment process, and, moreover, the assessment method will prevent additional financial losses, generated during the process of achieving functionality by the habitats. Correct analysis of the values of natural habitats may significantly reduce losses in the natural environment and aid in the selection and choice of the most relevant reclamation method.
Reclamation of devastated landscape in the Karviná region (Czech Republic)
Authors: Havrlant Jan , Krtička Ludèk 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The article deals with the recent positive changes in the industrial landscape of the Karviná region in a broader context. The Karviná region has been the most important part of the coal-bearing Ostrava-Karviná District. Since the industrial revolution, the position of the primary mining area has brought a dynamic economic development and a great concentration of population into the fast-growing conurbation cities, particularly between 1950s and 1980s. However, the dominant coal mining and processing has had a negative impact on the environment, the character and utilization of the landscape. Many environmental, socioeconomic and other problems did not become fully evident until the social changes at the turn of 1980s and 1990s. At present, a great attention is being paid to the reclamation of the affected landscape. As a result, the region is starting to change its unflattering image of an industrial and problematic area devastated by coal extraction for the better after many years. The various forms of land reclamation, modification of water bodies, construction of new sports and recreational facilities and so on are bringing a gradual improvement of the environment in the region, creating a new cultivated landscape that can be used, among other things, for various forms of tourism and relaxation.
Polish legal regulations considering recovery of secondary materials from coal mining dumping grounds
Authors: Gawor Łukasz 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In the article there is presented temporary situation of coal mining dumping grounds in Poland – their inventarization, localization and environmental impacts. The coal mining dumping grounds in Poland are situated in three coal basins: Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Lower Silesian Coal Basin and Lublin Coal Basin. In all mentioned areas occur ca. 270 coal mining waste dumps, covering surface of over 4400 ha. The main environmental impacts connected with dumping grounds are fire hazards, water pollution and a danger of slope sliding. The question of recovery of coal from disposed wastes with regard to legal regulations is discussed. There are presented technical methods of coal recovery considering environmental protection issues. There is a necessity and technical possibility of recovery of coal from the coal-mining waste dumps. The coal recovery reduces hazards of self-ignition and fires of the dump. It is also economically justified. The analysis of required regulations in legal system in Poland for safe exploitation of secondary materials from coal mining dumps is done. Socio-economic aspects of recovery of coal are discussed. The valid legal regulations in Poland regulate the issues connected with coal mining dumping grounds in a very general way. It is necessary to prepare supplements to the legal provisions or new regulations concerning post-mining dumping grounds.