bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relativistic radiative transfer in a moving stratus irradiated by a luminous flat source
Authors: Fukue Jun 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Relativistic radiative transfer in a geometrically thin stratus (sheet-like gaseous cloud with finite optical depth), which is moving at a relativistic speed around a luminous flat source, such as accretion disks, and is irradiated by the source, is examined under the special relativistic treatment. Incident radiation is aberrated and Doppler-shifted when it is received by the stratus, and emitted radiation is also aberrated and Doppler-shifted when it leaves the stratus. Considering these relativistic effects, we analytically obtain the emergent intensity as well as other radiative quantities in the purely scattering case for both infinite and finite strati. We mainly consider the frequency-integrated case, but also briefly show the frequency-dependent one. We also solve the relativistic radiative transfer equation numerically, and compare the results with the analytical solutions. In the infinite stratus, the mean intensity in the comoving and inertial frames decreases and becomes constant, as the stratus speed increases. The flux in the comoving frame decreases exponentially with the optical depth. The emergent intensity decreases as the speed increases, since the incident photons are redshifted at the bottom-side of the stratus. In the finite stratus, the mean intensity in the comoving and inertial frames quickly increases in the top-side region due to the aberrated photons. The flux in the comoving frame is positive in the range of 0 &lt; β ≤ 0.4, while it becomes negative for β ≳ 0.5. The behavior of the emergent intensity is similar to that of the infinite case, although there is an irradiation effect caused by the aberrated photons.
Evaluation of collection methods in reverse logistics by using fuzzy mathematics
Authors: Jindal Anil , Sangwan Kuldip Singh 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The efficiency and effectiveness of reverse logistics (RL) is dependent on collection methods as the collection activities are critical in determining the economic viability of the entire recovery chain. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the various collection methods used in RL under uncertain environment.

Design/methodology/approach
– An integrated fuzzy multi-criteria decision model has been developed for the evaluation of various collection methods. The evaluation has been done based on the criteria of initial investment, value added recovery, return volume, operating cost, degree of supply chain control, and level of customer satisfaction. The three alternatives used in the study are collection by the manufacturer directly from the customer, collection by the retailer, and collection by the third party. The fuzzy analytical hierarchy process has been used to compute the criteria weights and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution has been used to rank the alternative collection methods. Fuzzy mathematics has been used to take care of uncertainties in the RL.

Findings
– Selection and evaluation of alternative collection methods is affected by multiple criteria like initial investment, value added recovery, return volume, operating cost, degree of supply chain control, and level of customer satisfaction. The utility of the proposed evaluation methodology has been validated by solving a case example from automotive company.

Originality/value
– The proposed methodology will provide a useful tool to the decision maker for the evaluation and selection of the alternative collection methods in RL. This will help companies in strategic decision making to prioritize and develop collection facilities accordingly.
Migrants and self-reported financial literacy
Authors: Zuhair Segu , Wickremasinghe Guneratne , Natoli Riccardo 
Published: March 2015

Purpose– The issue of migrant financial literacy remains largely unresolved despite the increasing focus on financial literacy in general. The purpose of this paper is to provide a migrant-based approach to provide a snapshot of the self-reported levels of financial literacy specifically for a group of newly arrived culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrants.Design/methodology/approach– A questionnaire is employed to explore the financial literacy of selected migrant groups representing the regions of Africa, Asia and Europe.Findings– The findings reveal that: migrants are eager to seek further information to assist with their financial decision making; better access and utilisation of basic financial services seems to be an area where improvement is required; and self-reported financial literacy levels are influenced by education levels.Research limitations/implications– Although the research targets newly arrived CALD migrants, no claims can be made regarding the representation of CALD migrants as a whole. The research has implications with respect to the development of a more adequate provision of avenues for CALD migrants to utilise basic financial services. This paper provides recommendations for future research in this area.Originality/value– A migrant’s financial literacy is typically based on a “one-size-fits-all” questionnaire, which only provides a broad examination of financial literacy aspects. This study addresses this gap by undertaking a case study focused solely on newly arrived migrants.
Teacher autonomy support intervention as a classroom practice in a Thai school
Authors: Kaur Amrita , Hashim Rosna Awang , Noman Mohammad 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– The benefits of teacher autonomy support for optimal school functioning is evident in literature. However, studies are meager about teachers applying the concept of autonomy support in real settings (regular classroom).

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on empirical data within self-determination theory, a longitudinal intervention program was designed to facilitate autonomy support instruction in a natural classroom setting and to assess its effectiveness on Thai students’ learning motivation. In a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group design, with an appended withdrawal design, 103 students from Grade 6 of a Thai public school underwent the intervention for seven weeks in natural classroom settings. The students in both the groups self-reported their class-related experience before intervention (pretest), after intervention (posttest1) and after the withdrawal of intervention (posttest2).

Findings
– MANOVA results revealed a significant mean difference for all dependent measures on posttest1 between the experimental group and control group. Also, after the withdrawal of treatment, the experimental group showed a significant omnibus effect on combination of dependent measures, while scores of control group were stable.

Originality/value
– The findings have implications for elementary school teachers in Thailand to adapt and adopt autonomy supportive instruction as a classroom practice.
Perceptions of justice as a catalyst for whistle-blowing by trainee auditors in South Africa
Authors: Soni Faeeza , Maroun Warren , Padia Nirupa 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– This study aims to use organisational justice theory to examine variations in the propensity of trainee auditors in South Africa to blow the whistle internally on misconduct by an engagement leader.Design/methodology/approach– Three vignettes describing high and low states of distributive, procedural and interactive justice are presented to a sample of trainee auditors. A questionnaire is used to gauge the likelihood of trainees blowing the whistle after taking into account a number of control variables. Preliminary results are analysed using parametrict-tests and one-way ANOVA’s.Findings– The study finds that the likelihood of trainee auditors reporting an engagement leader for misconduct increases when there is a high level of distributive, interactional and procedural justice. Gender, age, seniority, the importance of religion and performance ratings does not appear to have an effect on the propensity to whistle-blowing.Research limitations/implications– The growing importance of an effective mechanism for reporting malfeasance is reflected in both the academic and professional literature. Prior research has found that ensuring high levels of organisational justice is one means of promoting whistle-blowing in a professional setting. This paper argues that the same applies to trainee auditors. In turn, this suggests that audit firms wanting to implement sound audit quality control practices should be mindful of how their whistle-blowing policies are implemented and perceived by their junior staff.Originality/value– This paper is the first to apply organisational justice theory in a South African setting with specific reference to trainee auditors. As such, it makes an important contribution to the literature on whistle-blowing. The findings should also be of interest to the audit profession when seeking to implement effective quality control and monitoring systems, as required by the relevant professional standards.
Measuring electric energy efficiency in Portuguese households
Authors: Weyman-Jones Thomas , Boucinha Júlia Mendonça , Inácio Catarina Feteira 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– There is a great interest from the European Union in measuring the efficiency of energy use in households, and this is an area where EDP has done research in both data collection and methodology. This paper reports on a survey of electric energy use in Portuguese households, and reviews and extends the analysis of how efficiently households use electrical energy. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate household electrical energy efficiency in different regions using econometric analysis of the survey data. In addition, the same methodology was applied to a time-series data set, to evaluate recent developments in energy efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper describes the application to Portuguese households of a new approach to evaluate energy efficiency, developed by Filippini and Hunt (2011, 2012) in which an econometric energy demand model was estimated to control for exogenous variables determining energy demand. The variation in energy efficiency over time and space could then be estimated by applying econometric efficiency analysis to determine the variation in energy efficiency.

Findings
– The results obtained allowed the identification of priority regions and consumer bands to reduce inefficiency in electricity consumption. The time-series data set shows that the expected electricity savings from the efficiency measures recently introduced by official authorities were fully realized.

Research limitations/implications
– This approach gives some guidance on how to introduce electricity saving measures in a more cost effective way.

Originality/value
– This paper outlines a new procedure for developing useful tools for modelling energy efficiency.
Local attitudes towards natural resources management in rural Ghana
Authors: Cobbinah Patrick Brandful 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– Local support is fundamental in natural resources management (NRM). However, recent studies indicate that NRM in protected areas in developing countries is often faced with local resistance due to its impacts on livelihoods. The purpose of this paper is to examine local attitudes – positive and negative responses – towards NRM in protected areas and implications of NRM benefits on local support for conservation of protected areas.

Design/methodology/approach
– A quantitative research method was used for this study. Structured questionnaire survey was administered to 310 respondents across four case study communities – Abrafo, Mesomagor, Adadientem and Nuamakrom – around the Kakum Conservation Area (KCA), Ghana. χ2 test and logistic regression were used to analyse the data with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Findings
– Findings showed positive attitudes towards NRM in protected areas (85.9 per cent) and high support for conservation of KCA (86.5 per cent). Respondents recognised the importance of the KCA in managing natural resources especially forest and water resources. Positive attitudes towards conservation of KCA were largely influenced by receipt of socio-economic benefits from the KCA, in terms of employment, income and involvement in KCA management. However, those excluded from socio-economic benefits from the KCA also expressed positive attitudes towards conservation, suggesting that support for NRM transcends socio-economic benefits. On the other hand, local people recognised the challenges associated with NRM in protected areas such as increased farm raids by wildlife, loss of access to timber and non-timber forest products.

Originality/value
– This paper has revealed that although socio-economic benefits from NRM in protected areas influence local people’s support for conservation, local knowledge of the environmental benefits is equally important. The depth of local knowledge of NRM in the KCA is dependent on educational status and level of involvement of respondents in the KCA in terms of employment, and the effectiveness of educational campaigns by the park officials. Therefore, in the absence of clear development programmes from government and park officials to educate and involve local people in NRM, it appears the conservation objective upon which NRM in protected areas are designed may not be realised.
Aristotelian rhetoric and Facebook success in Israel’s 2013 election campaign
Authors: Samuel-Azran Tal , Yarchi Moran , Wolfsfeld Gadi 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the mapping of the social media discourse involving politicians and their followers during election campaigns, the authors examined Israeli politicians’ Aristotelian rhetoric on Facebook and its reception during the 2013 elections campaign.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors examined the Aristotelian rhetorical strategies used by Israeli politicians on their Facebook walls during the 2013 elections, and their popularity with social media users.

Findings
– Ethos was the most prevalent rhetorical strategy used. On the reception front, pathos-based appeals attracted the most likes. Finally, the results point to some discrepancy between politicians’ campaign messages and the rhetoric that actually gains social media users’ attention.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings indicate that Israel’s multi-party political system encourages emphasis on candidates’ credibility (ethos) in contrast to the prevalence of emotion (pathos) in typical election campaigns in two-party systems like the USA. One possible explanation is the competitive nature of elections in a multi-party system where candidates need to emphasise their character and distinct leadership abilities.

Practical implications
– Politicians and campaign managers are advised to attend to the potential discrepancy between politicians’ output and social media users’ preferences, and to the effectiveness of logos-based appeals.

Originality/value
– The study highlights the possible effect of the party system on politicians’ online rhetoric in social media election campaigns.
Hannan and Hannan v Healey and Healey 2013 to 2014
Authors: Defoe Peter S. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the application of the ratio in Ankerson v Connelly 1906 2Ch 544(Ch) and 1907 1Ch 678(CA) to a modern domestic right to light situation and the need for rights of light surveyors to be aware of relevant case law when advising their client.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper adopts a case study approach describing the circumstances of the case, the approach of the appointed experts and the decision of the court.

Findings
– The court found for the Respondent in that the Dominant Owner’s property had been altered to create an additional burden upon the Servient Owner and the altered part of the Dominant Owner’s property had not yet acquired an independent right to light through prescription.

Originality/value
– This is an unreported case that illustrates the application of a case decided over 100 years ago.
Corruption levels of countries and progress on ensuring environmental sustainability
Authors: Anderson Beverlee B. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationships of selected measures of environmental sustainability and the level of corruption within countries.

Design/methodology/approach
– The design uses secondary data from Transparency International on perception of corruption within countries. The World Economic Forum’s (WEF’s) environmental sustainability assessment is one measure of environmental sustainability used in the study. World Bank data on CPIA Policies and institutes for environmental sustainability that foster and protect sustainable use of natural resources and manage pollution and its data on the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target of the percent of population with access to improved drinking water were two specific measures used to indicate environmental sustainability. A series of statistical tests were used to examine the relationships among perceptions of corruption and a country’s policies and reported improvements in environmental sustainability.

Findings
– The findings are mixed; the level of corruption does not appear to always be negatively associated with environmental sustainability as was expected.

Research limitations/implications
– The research is limited by the availability of data from reliable sources over a period of time. The corruption data, while the best available, are based on opinions and perceptions. Only selected aspects of a country’s environmental sustainability were examined; these included the Environmental Sustainability Index, evaluations of selected countries; policies and institutions; and the improvement in the percent of the population with access to safe drinking water.

Social implications
– In general, the less corruption, the better the record of environmental sustainability. However, corruption may not be a negative influence on specific selected aspects of environmental sustainability as would be anticipated.

Originality/value
– This study examines selected aspects of the potential relationships between corruption and environmental sustainability measures. There is little, if any, research into this relationship.
Purification of anti‐colorectal cancer monoclonal antibody CO17‐1A from insect cell culture using a French press and sonication
Authors: Lim Chae‐Yeon , Park Se‐Ra , Lee Jeong‐Hwan , Ko Kisung 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMonoclonal antibody (mAb) CO17‐1A binds to GA733, which is a tumor‐associated glycoprotein antigen highly expressed on the colorectal cancer cell surface. Thus, mAb CO17‐1A is considered a useful biomolecule for diagnosis and treatment against colorectal cancer. Previously, we established a baculovirus–insect cell expression system for the production of mAb CO17‐1A. In order to use mAb CO17‐1A as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool, however, the antibody must be properly purified from the insect cells. In this study, our aim was to investigate effective purification processes of mAb CO17‐1A expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells, using a French press and sonication for cell disruption. SDS‐PAGE confirmed that both mAb CO17‐1A and mAb CO17‐1A fused to the KDEL endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (mAb CO17‐1AK) were expressed clearly in Sf9 insect cells. Western blot analysis showed that detection levels of mAb CO17‐1A and CO17‐1AK were higher when the insect cells were disrupted two times by the French press and then sonicated, compared to only one French press disruption plus sonication. Optical microscopy confirmed that insect cells treated with both the French press and sonication were properly disrupted. Analysis of gene sequence information on mAb CO17‐1A verified that a signal peptide is present but a transmembrane protein does not exist. These results suggest that cell disruption by the French press twice and sonication once is an effective method for improving purification efficiency.
Absolute Determination of the Gelling Point of Gelatin under Quasi‐thermodynamic Equilibrium
Authors: Bellini Franco , Alberini Ivana , Ferreyra María G. , Rintoul Ignacio 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThermodynamic studies on phase transformation of biopolymers in solution are useful to understand their nature and to evaluate their technological potentials. Thermodynamic studies should be conducted avoiding time‐related phenomena. This condition is not easily achieved in hydrophilic biopolymers. In this contribution, the simultaneous effects of pH, salt concentration, and cooling rate (Cr) on the folding from random coil to triple helical collagen‐like structures of gelatin were systematically studied. The phase transformation temperature at the absolute invariant condition of Cr = 0 °C/min (TTCr=0) is introduced as a conceptual parameter to study phase transformations in biopolymers under quasi‐thermodynamic equilibrium and avoiding interferences coming from time‐related phenomena. Experimental phase diagrams obtained at different Cr are presented. The TTCr=0 compared with pH and TTCr=0 compared with [NaCl] diagram allowed to explore the transformation process at Cr = 0 °C/min. The results were explained by electrostatic interactions between the biopolymers and its solvation milieu.
PFR2: a curated database of planktonic foraminifera 18S ribosomal DNA as a resource for studies of plankton ecology, biogeography and evolution
Authors: Morard Raphaël , Darling Kate F. , Mahé Frédéric , Audic Stéphane , Ujiié Yurika , Weiner Agnes K. M. , André Aurore , Seears Heidi A. , Wade Christopher M. , Quillévéré Frédéric , Douady Christophe J. , Escarguel Gilles , de Garidel‐Thoron Thibault , Siccha Michael , Kucera Michal , de Vargas Colomban 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPlanktonic foraminifera (Rhizaria) are ubiquitous marine pelagic protists producing calcareous shells with conspicuous morphology. They play an important role in the marine carbon cycle, and their exceptional fossil record serves as the basis for biochronostratigraphy and past climate reconstructions. A major worldwide sampling effort over the last two decades has resulted in the establishment of multiple large collections of cryopreserved individual planktonic foraminifera samples. Thousands of 18S rDNA partial sequences have been generated, representing all major known morphological taxa across their worldwide oceanic range. This comprehensive data coverage provides an opportunity to assess patterns of molecular ecology and evolution in a holistic way for an entire group of planktonic protists. We combined all available published and unpublished genetic data to build PFR2, the Planktonic foraminifera Ribosomal Reference database. The first version of the database includes 3322 reference 18S rDNA sequences belonging to 32 of the 47 known morphospecies of extant planktonic foraminifera, collected from 460 oceanic stations. All sequences have been rigorously taxonomically curated using a six‐rank annotation system fully resolved to the morphological species level and linked to a series of metadata. The PFR2 website, available at http://pfr2.sb-roscoff.fr, allows downloading the entire database or specific sections, as well as the identification of new planktonic foraminiferal sequences. Its novel, fully documented curation process integrates advances in morphological and molecular taxonomy. It allows for an increase in its taxonomic resolution and assures that integrity is maintained by including a complete contingency tracking of annotations and assuring that the annotations remain internally consistent.