bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Triphenylmethane Dyes and Their Metabolites in Salmon, Catfish, and Shrimp by LC-MS/MS Using AOAC First Action Method 2012.25: Collaborative Study
Authors: Schneider Marilyn J , Andersen Wendy C ,   Collaborators:, An H , Baker C , Burger R , Cai Y T , Conway M , Couëdor P , Crosswhite M , Cumming M , Filigenzi M , Fong A , Hammack W , Harris A , Hawkins A , Hurtaud-Pessel D , Kibbey J , Lam C K , Lehotay S J , Lightfield A R , Lissemore L , Lupton S , Noonan R , Potter R , Prakash S , Ruiz S R , Smith J , Stephenson C D , Verdon E 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to evaluate the AOAC First Action 2012.25 LC-MS/MS analytical method for the determination of residues of three triphenylmethane dyes (malachite green, crystal violet, and brilliant green) and their metabolites (leucomalachite green and leucocrystal violet) in seafood. Fourteen laboratories from the United States, Canada, and the European Union member states participated in the study including national and state regulatory laboratories, university and national research laboratories, and private analytical testing laboratories. A variety of LC-MS/MS instruments were used for the analysis. Each participating laboratory received blinded test samples in duplicate of salmon, catfish, and shrimp consisting of negative control matrix; matrix fortified with residues at 0.42, 0.90, and 1.75 μg/kg; and samples of incurred matrix. The analytical results from each participating laboratory were evaluated for both quantitative residue determination and qualitative identification of targeted analytes. Results from statistical analysis showed that this method provided excellent trueness (generally ≥90% recovery) and precision (RSDr generally ≤10%, HorRat &lt;1). The Study Directors recommend Method 2012.25 for Final Action status.
The Development and Single-Laboratory Validation of a Method for the Determination of Steroid Residues in Fish and Fish Products
Authors: Watson Lynn , Potter Ross , Murphy Cory , Gibbs Ryan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Due to potential use in aquacultured fish products, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has identified residue testing for steroids as a priority. These compounds are used in aquaculture primarily to direct sexual differentiation with both androgens and estrogens applied depending on the desired outcome. Published research is lacking with respect to steroid residue testing in fish; however, recent studies in other matrixes provided transferable cleanup techniques. A simple, rapid, and sensitive method was developed and validated for use in monitoring aquacultured fish products for the presence of methyltestosterone, nandrolone, epi-nandrolone, boldenone, and epi-boldenone residues. The developed method consists of solvent extraction followed by cleanup using hexane and dual cartridge SPE with analysis by ultra-HPLC-MS/MS. The method is capable of detecting and confirming steroid residue levels ranging from 0.05 to 25 ng/g in salmon and tilapia, depending on the analyte. Recoveries ranged from 88 to 130% for the analytes. Instrument repeatability was less than 13% for all compounds, while intermediate precision ranged from 5 to 25% RSD. HorRat values were within acceptable ranges.
A Review of Aquaculture Practices and Their Impacts on Chemical Food Safety from a Regulatory Perspective
Authors: Boison Joe O , Turnipseed Sherri B 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Aquaculture is currently one of the most rapidly growing food production industries in the world. The increasing global importance for this industry stems primarily from the fact that it is reducing the gap between the supply and demand for fish products. Commercial aquaculture contributes significantly to the economies of many countries since high-value fish species are a major source of foreign exchange. This review looks at the aquaculture industry, the issues raised by the production of fish through aquaculture for food security, the sustainability of the practice to agriculture, what the future holds for the industry in the next 10-20 years, and why there is a need to have available analytical procedures to regulate the safe use of chemicals and veterinary drugs in aquaculture.
Excellent clinical outcomes and retention in care for adults with HIV‐associated Kaposi sarcoma treated with systemic chemotherapy and integrated antiretroviral therapy in rural Malawi
Authors: Herce Michael E , Kalanga Noel , Wroe Emily B , Keck James W , Chingoli Felix , Tengatenga Listern , Gopal Satish , Phiri Atupere , Mailosi Bright , Bazile Junior , Beste Jason A , Elmore Shekinah N , Crocker Jonathan T , Rigodon Jonas 
Published: May 2015

IntroductionHIV‐associated Kaposi sarcoma (HIV‐KS) is the most common cancer in Malawi. In 2008, the non‐governmental organization, Partners In Health, and the Ministry of Health established the Neno Kaposi Sarcoma Clinic (NKSC) to treat HIV‐KS in rural Neno district. We aimed to evaluate 12‐month clinical outcomes and retention in care for HIV‐KS patients in the NKSC, and to describe our implementation model, which featured protocol‐guided chemotherapy, integrated antiretroviral therapy (ART) and psychosocial support delivered by community health workers.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using routine clinical data from 114 adult HIV‐KS patients who received ART and ≥1 chemotherapy cycle in the NKSC between March 2008 and February 2012.ResultsAt enrolment 97% of patients (n/N=103/106) had advanced HIV‐KS (stage T1). Most patients were male (n/N=85/114, 75%) with median age 36 years (interquartile range, IQR: 29–42). Patients started ART a median of 77 days prior to chemotherapy (IQR: 36–252), with 97% (n/N=105/108) receiving nevirapine/lamivudine/stavudine. Following standardized protocols, we treated 20 patients (18%) with first‐line paclitaxel and 94 patients (82%) with bleomycin plus vincristine (BV). Of the 94 BV patients, 24 (26%) failed to respond to BV requiring change to second‐line paclitaxel. A Division of AIDS grade 3/4 adverse event occurred in 29% of patients (n/N=30/102). Neutropenia was the most common grade 3/4 event (n/N=17/102, 17%). Twelve months after chemotherapy initiation, 83% of patients (95% CI: 74–89%) were alive, including 88 (77%) retained in care. Overall survival (OS) at 12 months did not differ by initial chemotherapy regimen (p=0.6). Among patients with T1 disease, low body mass index (BMI) (adjusted hazard ratio, aHR=4.10, 95% CI: 1.06–15.89) and 1 g/dL decrease in baseline haemoglobin (aHR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.03–2.25) were associated with increased death or loss to follow‐up at 12 months.ConclusionsThe NKSC model resulted in infrequent adverse events, low loss to follow‐up and excellent OS. Our results suggest it is safe, effective and feasible to provide standard‐of‐care chemotherapy regimens from the developed world, integrated with ART, to treat HIV‐KS in rural Malawi. Baseline BMI and haemoglobin may represent important patient characteristics associated with HIV‐KS survival in rural sub‐Saharan Africa.
Perceptions of Physicians in Civilian Medical Practice on Veterans’ Issues Related to Health Care
Authors: Fredricks Todd Robert , Nakazawa Masato 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Context: The percentage of total US residents in the military is lower than ever before. Many civilians, including civilian physicians, have little knowledge of US military actions or the day-to-day experiences and working environments of veterans.

Objective: To assess civilian physician knowledge of veterans’ issues using a survey.

Methods: A 10-item survey was distributed to physicians at 2 primary care–focused medical conferences in Ohio to determine self-reported levels of comfort and familiarity with veteran-oriented topics.

Results: Of 350 surveys that were distributed, 141 surveys were returned. Of the 141 respondents, 101 practiced primary care, 19 practiced internal medicine, 16 practiced other specialties, and 5 did not report a specialty affiliation and were excluded from final analysis. A single respondent reported pediatrics as a specialty but indicated “not applicable“ for all answers. This individual was excluded from final analysis. Overall, physicians reported feeling moderately comfortable with military terminology and uncomfortable with the diagnosis and management of traumatic brain injury. More than half of the respondents indicated that they were not comfortable discussing health-related exposures and associated risks that veterans might experience and that they were unfamiliar with referral and consultation services for veterans. The data collected had a high degree of reliability (Cronbach α=0.88). Respondents of both primary care and internal medicine specialties scored statistically significantly higher than the other respondents in questions on veterans’ medical conditions, military terminology, and military health risks (P<.05), although these 2 groups scored similarly (P>.05). Specialty orientation did not affect responses for questions on other topics (P>.05).

Conclusion: The data indicated an overall moderate level of familiarity among civilian physicians with veterans’ issues. The results did not reveal an overall high level of comfort with any issues included in the survey. More research is needed to determine reasons behind the findings and methods to improve civilian physician comfort with various veterans’ issues.
Screening for At-Risk Drinking Behavior in Trauma Patients
Authors: Plackett Timothy P. , Ton-That Hieu H. , Mueller Jeanne , Grimley Karen M. , Kovacs Elizabeth J. , Esposito Thomas J. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Context: A blood alcohol level above 0 g/dL is found in up to 50% of patients presenting with traumatic injuries. The presence of alcohol in the blood not only increases the risk of traumatic injury, but it is also associated with worse outcomes and trauma recidivism. In light of these risks, the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma advocates screening for at-risk drinking. Although many institutions use blood alcohol levels to determine at-risk drinking in trauma patients, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) offers a cheap and easy alternative. Few direct comparisons have been made between these 2 tests in trauma patients.

Objective: To compare the utility of blood alcohol level and AUDIT score as indicators of at-risk drinking in trauma patients.

Methods: Records for all trauma patients aged 18 years or older who were admitted to a level I trauma center from May 2013 through June 2014 were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. Inclusion criteria required patients to have undergone both blood alcohol level testing and AUDIT on admission. A blood alcohol level greater than 0 g/dL and an AUDIT score equal to or above 8 were considered positive for at-risk drinking. Performance of both tests was indexed against the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) criteria for at-risk drinking.

Results: Of 750 patients admitted for trauma, 222 records (30%) contained data on both blood alcohol level and AUDIT score. The patients were predominantly male (178 [80%]) and had a mean (SD) age of 40.1 (16.7) years. Most patients (178 [80%]) had sustained blunt trauma. Ninety-seven patients (44%) had a positive blood alcohol level, 70 (35%) had a positive AUDIT score, and 54 (24%) met NIAAA criteria for at-risk drinking. The sensitivity and specificity of having a positive blood alcohol level identify at-risk drinking were 61% and 62%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of having a positive AUDIT score identify at-risk drinking were 83% and 81%, respectively.

Conclusion: As a stand-alone indicator of at-risk drinking behavior in trauma patients, the AUDIT score was shown to be superior to blood alcohol level. The utility of obtaining routine blood alcohol levels in trauma patients as a screening tool for at-risk drinking should be reexamined.
A new Eulerian method to estimate “spicy” Agulhas leakage in climate models
Authors: Putrasahan D. A. , Beal Lisa M. , Kirtman Ben P. , Cheng Yu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe Agulhas leakage brings warm and saline water from the Indian Ocean into the South Atlantic, forming part of the returning branch of the global thermohaline circulation, an important component of climate. We develop a new method using the passive tracer spice, to estimate Agulhas leakage transport in an ocean eddy‐resolving climate model that properly captures Agulhas Retroflection and leakage. We identify Agulhas leakage waters as positive spice anomalies (≥ +0.1) and are able to trace leakage to depths greater than 1000 m. Spice‐based Eulerian Agulhas leakage captures spikes in Lagrangian leakage transport which coincide with the passage of Agulhas rings, yielding a statistically significant correlation (0.47). On interannual times scales, differences between Eulerian and Lagrangian transports are reduced and correlation increases to 0.77. We obtain a mean spice‐based Eulerian Agulhas leakage of 17 ± 4 sverdrup (Sv) and Lagrangian Agulhas leakage of 18 ± 2 Sv, which are within the range of observational estimates.
Extreme geomagnetic disturbances due to shocks within CMEs
Authors: Lugaz N. , Farrugia C. J. , Huang C.‐L. , Spence H. E. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe report on features of solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling elicited by shocks propagating through coronal mass ejections (CMEs) by analyzing the intense geomagnetic storm of 6 August 1998. During this event, the dynamic pressure enhancement at the shock combined with a simultaneous increase in the southward component of the magnetic field resulted in a large earthward retreat of Earth's magnetopause, which remained close to geosynchronous orbit for more than 4 h. This occurred despite the fact that both shock and CME were weak and relatively slow. Another similar example of a weak shock inside a slow CME resulting in an intense geomagnetic storm is the 30 September 2012 event, which strongly depleted the outer radiation belt. We discuss the potential of shocks inside CMEs to cause large geomagnetic effects at Earth, including magnetopause shadowing.
Oscillations of energetic ions flux near the Earth's bow shock
Authors: Petrukovich A. A. , Inamori T. , Balaz J. , Kudela K. , Slivka M. , Strharsky I. , Gladyshev V. A. , Sarris T. , Sarris E. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA new type of variability in the foreshock and magnetosheath is revealed with the recent energetic particle experiments monitor of electrons and protons (MEP) onboard Spectr‐R spacecraft and solid‐state telescope onboard Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms spacecraft, which have high time resolution. Oscillations of energetic ion fluxes are observed in the broad energy range ∼4–400 keV, with periods 10–30 s, often rather monochromatic waveform and accompanied with magnetic oscillations. Such events are not so rare (∼100 cases are found for 2007–2012) but are associated mostly with high‐speed solar wind.
Effect of Intraarticular Corticosteroid Foot Injections on Walking Function in Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Esbjörnsson Anna‐Clara , Iversen Maura D. , André Marie , Hagelberg Stefan , Schwartz Michael H. , Broström Eva W. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate gait dynamics and self‐reported foot‐related disability before and after treatment with intraarticular corticosteroid injections (IACI) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and foot involvement, and determined whether children with polyarticular and oligoarticular disease responded similarly to IACI treatment.MethodsForty‐three children (35 girls and 8 boys) with JIA were consecutively recruited (mean ± SD age 11.1 ± 4.2 years, mean disease duration 4.5 ± 3.6 years). Sixty‐five percent were diagnosed with polyarthritis. All children received IACI treatment for ankle and/or foot joint synovitis. Fifty‐eight percent received additional injections in the knee and/or hip joint. Forty healthy children, matched by age and sex, comprised the control group. Gait dynamics and foot‐related disability were assessed before IACI treatment and at 3 weeks and 3 months following the injections.ResultsFoot‐related disability and inflammatory joint symptoms improved following treatment. Gait dynamics were compromised before treatment and did not improve following treatment (mean ± SD nondimensional walking speed 0.49 ± 0.05 in the control group; 0.44 ± 0.07 in the JIA group pretreatment; 0.43 ± 0.10 in the JIA group 3 weeks following treatment; and 0.43 ± 0.07 in the JIA group 3 months following treatment) (P = 0.001 in controls versus pretreatment JIA group, P = 0.45 JIA over time). Mean ± SD ankle power was 3.81 ± 0.67 in the control group; 3.01 ± 1.19 in the JIA group pretreatment; 3.19 ± 1.30 in the JIA group 3 weeks after treatment; and 3.22 ± 1.03 in the JIA group 3 months after treatment (P < 0.001 in controls versus pretreatment JIA group, P = 0.51 JIA over time). The ankle power to hip power ratio was reduced (P = 0.01 in controls versus pretreatment JIA group), indicating a power shift from the ankles to the hips, which was more prominent in children with polyarthritis.ConclusionAs a result of IACI treatment, improvements were found in self‐reported foot‐related disability and inflammatory joint symptoms, but gait dynamics were unchanged. Children with polyarticular disease and those with greater self‐reported walking difficulties prior to IACI treatment demonstrated worse outcomes, and children in these groups should be monitored carefully after treatment.
Further Evidence Supporting a Parent‐of‐Origin Effect in Psoriatic Disease
Authors: Pollock Remy A. , Thavaneswaran Arane , Pellett Fawnda , Chandran Vinod , Petronis Art , Rahman Proton , Gladman Dafna D. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo further explore the “parent‐of‐origin” effect in a large cohort of well‐phenotyped patients with cutaneous psoriasis without arthritis (PsC) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsSelf‐reported family history was obtained from PsA patients from Toronto and Newfoundland satisfying the Classification of Psoriatic Arthritis criteria, and PsC patients from Toronto, who were examined by a rheumatologist to exclude PsA. Proportions of probands with paternally and maternally transmitted psoriatic disease were compared by McNemar's and chi‐square tests. Baseline clinical and genetic characteristics of probands with paternally and maternally transmitted disease were compared using logistic regression.ResultsA total of 849 probands reported a first‐degree relative affected with psoriatic disease (PsC or PsA), of which 532 (63%) reported an affected parent. A significantly larger proportion of probands reported an affected father compared to an affected mother with psoriatic disease (289 [57%] versus 220 [43%], respectively; P = 0.003). This paternal transmission bias was evident in PsA (P = 0.006) and PsC probands, although it did not reach statistical significance in PsC probands (P = 0.20). Furthermore, the proportion of paternal PsC–proband PsA pairs (161 of 214 paternal transmissions [75%]) was significantly larger than maternal PsC–proband PsA pairs (103 of 161 maternal transmissions [64%]) (P = 0.02). Newfoundland probands with paternally transmitted disease had higher HLA–B*08 carriage (P = 0.04) and lower MICA–129Met carriage (P = 0.03). Males had higher HLA–B*38 carriage (P = 0.05) and a higher prevalence of nail lesions (P = 0.01).ConclusionWe have provided further epidemiologic evidence of a paternal transmission bias in psoriatic disease.
Minimax control of Markov jump linear systems
Authors: Geromel José C. , Deaecto Grace S. , Colaneri Patrizio 
Published: May 2015

SummaryThis paper introduces and focuses on a new control strategy for continuous‐time Markov jump linear systems denominated minimax control. It generalizes switching and linear parameter varying control strategies and is determined such as to preserve stochastic stability and guaranteed
performance. The special classes of Markov mode‐dependent and mode‐independent control are considered. The design methodology is characterized by minimax problems for which the existence of a saddle point is the central issue to be taken into account. As a natural application, Markov jump linear systems state feedback control design is discussed under this framework. A numerical example illustrates the theoretical results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A parallel prefiltering approach for the identification of a biased sinusoidal signal: Theory and experiments
Authors: Chen Boli , Pin Gilberto , Ng Wai M. , Hui S. Y. Ron , Parisini Thomas 
Published: May 2015

SummaryThe problem of estimating the amplitude, frequency, and phase of an unknown sinusoidal signal from a noisy‐biased measurement is addressed in this paper by a family of parallel prefiltering schemes. The proposed methodology consists in using a pair of linear filters of specified order to generate a suitable number of auxiliary signals that are used to estimate—in an adaptive way—the frequency, the amplitude, and the phase of the sinusoid. Increasing the order of the prefilters improves the noise immunity of the estimator, at the cost of an increase of the computational complexity. Among the whole family of estimators realizable by varying the order of the filters, the simple parallel prefilters of orders 2 + 2 and 3 + 3 are discussed in detail, being the most attractive from the implementability point of view. The behavior of the two algorithms with respect to bounded external disturbances is characterized by input‐to‐state stability arguments. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed technique is shown both by comparative numerical simulations and by a real experiment addressing the estimation of the frequency of the electrical mains from a noisy voltage measurement. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CIC inactivating mutations identify aggressive subset of 1p19q codeleted gliomas
Authors: Gleize Vincent , Alentorn Agusti , Connen de Kérillis Léa , Labussière Marianne , Nadaradjane Aravidan A , Mundwiller Emeline , Ottolenghi Chris , Mangesius Stephanie , Rahimian Amithys , Ducray François ,   on behalf of the POLA network, Mokhtari Karima , Villa Chiara , Sanson Marc 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveCIC gene is frequently mutated in oligodendroglial tumors with 1p19q codeletion. However, clinical and biological impact remain poorly understood.MethodsWe sequenced the CIC gene on 127 oligodendroglial tumors (109 with the 1p19q codeletion) and analyzed patients' outcome. We compared magnetic resonance imaging, transcriptomic profile, and CIC protein expression of CIC wild‐type (WT) and mutant gliomas. We compared the level of expression of CIC target genes on Hs683‐IDH1R132H cells transfected with lentivirus encoding mutant and WT CIC.ResultsWe found 63 mutations affecting 60 of 127 patients, virtually all 1p19q codeleted and IDH mutated (59 of 60). In the 1p19q codeleted gliomas, CIC mutations were associated with a poorer outcome by uni‐ (p = 0.001) and multivariate analysis (p < 0.016). CIC mutation prognostic impact was validated on the TCGA cohort. CIC mutant grade II codeleted gliomas spontaneously grew faster than WTs. Transcriptomic analysis revealed an enrichment of proliferative pathways and oligodendrocyte precursor cell gene expression profile in CIC mutant gliomas, with upregulation of normally CIC repressed genes ETV1, ETV4, ETV5, and CCND1. Various missense mutations resulted in CIC protein expression loss. Moreover, a truncating CIC mutation resulted in a defect of nuclear targeting of CIC protein to the nucleus in a human glioma cell line expressing IDH1R132H and overexpression of CCND1 and other new target genes of CIC, such as DUSP4 and SPRED1.InterpretationCIC mutations result in protein inactivation with upregulation of CIC target genes, activation of proliferative pathways, inhibition of differentiation, and poorer outcome in patients with a 1p19q codeleted glioma. Ann Neurol 2015;78:355–374