bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current understanding on micro RNAs and its regulation in response to Mycobacterial infections
Authors: Singh Pravin Kumar , Singh Ajay Vir , Chauhan Devendra Singh 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved, naturally abundant, small, regulatory non-coding RNAs that inhibit gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in a sequence-specific manner. Due to involvement in a broad range of biological processes and diseases, miRNAs are now commanding considerable attention. Although much of the focus has been on the role of miRNAs in different types of cancer, recent evidence also points to a critical role of miRNAs in infectious disease, including those of bacterial origin. Now, miRNAs research is exploring rapidly as a new thrust area of biomedical research with relevance to deadly bacterial diseases like Tuberculosis (caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis). The purpose of this review is to highlight the current developments in area of miRNAs regulation in Mycobacterial diseases; and how this might influence the diagnosis, understanding of disease biology, control and management in the future.
Cost and burden of gastroesophageal reflux disease among patients with persistent symptoms despite proton pump inhibitor therapy: an observational study in France
Authors: Bruley des Varannes Stanislas , Löfman Helena Granstedt , Karlsson Maria , Wahlqvist Peter , Ruth Magnus , Furstnau Mary Lou , Despiégel Nicolas , Stålhammar Nils-Olov 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder that negatively impacts health-related quality of life (HRQL) and work productivity. Many patients have only a partial response to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy and continue to experience GERD symptoms despite optimized treatment. This observational study aimed to provide information on symptoms, HRQL, resource usage, costs and treatment pathways associated with partial response to PPI therapy in French patients with GERD.

Methods
Patients with partial response to PPI therapy, defined as persistent GERD symptoms ≥3 days/week despite optimized treatment with a PPI, were recruited for this 12-month observational study. GERD symptoms, HRQL, work productivity and resource use were assessed by patient surveys. Costs were calculated based on lost work productivity and resource use.

Results
The patient population (n=262; mean age, 54 years; 40% men) carried a significant symptom burden, with 98% of patients having moderate-to-severe GERD symptoms and 65% of patients experiencing daily symptoms at baseline. HRQL and work productivity were significantly impaired, with a greater degree of impairment in patients with higher symptom burden. The mean total cost per patient over the 12-month follow-up period was €5237, of which €4674 (89%) was due to lost work productivity.

Conclusions
Partial response to PPI therapy for GERD is associated with a high symptom burden, significant impairment of HRQL and work productivity, and substantial GERD-related costs.
Knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers in Chinese intensive care units regarding 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic
Authors: Ma Xiaochun , He Zhenyang , Wang Yushan , Jiang Li , Xu Yuan , Qian Chuanyun , Sun Rongqing , Chen Erzhen , Hu Zhenjie , Zhou Lihua , Zhou Fachun , Qin Tiehe , Cao Xiangyuan , An Youzhong , Sun Renhua , Zhang Xijing , Lin Jiandong , Ai Yuhang , Wu Dawei , Du Bin ,   the China Critical Care Clinical Trial Group (CCCCTG)
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
To describe the knowledge and attitudes of critical care clinicians during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic.

Methods
A survey conducted in 21 intensive care units in 17 provinces in China.

Results
Out of 733 questionnaires distributed, 695 were completed. Three hundred and fifty-six respondents (51.2%) reported their experience of caring for H1N1 patients. Despite the fact that 88.5% of all respondents ultimately finished an H1N1 training program, only 41.9% admitted that they had the knowledge of 2009 H1N1 influenza. A total of 572 respondents (82.3%) expressed willingness to care for H1N1 patients. Independent variables associated with increasing likelihood to care for patients in the logistic regression analysis were physicians or nurses rather than other professionals (odds ratio 4.056 and 3.235, p = 0.002 and 0.007, respectively), knowledge training prior to patient care (odds ratio 1.531, p = 0.044), and the confidence to know how to protect themselves and their patients (odds ratio 2.109, p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Critical care clinicians reported poor knowledge of H1N1 influenza, even though most finished a relevant knowledge training program. Implementation of appropriate education program might improve compliance to infection control measures, and willingness to work in a pandemic.
In vivo temporal and spatial profile of leukocyte adhesion and migration after experimental traumatic brain injury in mice
Authors: Schwarzmaier Susanne M , Zimmermann Ricarda , McGarry Niamh B , Trabold Raimund , Kim Seong-Woong , Plesnila Nikolaus 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Leukocytes are believed to be involved in delayed cell death following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, data demonstrating that blood-borne inflammatory cells are present in the injured brain prior to the onset of secondary brain damage have been inconclusive. We therefore investigated both the interaction between leukocytes and the cerebrovascular endothelium using in vivo imaging and the accumulation of leukocytes in the penumbra following experimentally induced TBI.

Methods
Experimental TBI was induced in C57/Bl6 mice (n = 42) using the controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury model, and leukocyte-endothelium interactions (LEI) were quantified using both intravital fluorescence microscopy (IVM) of superficial vessels and 2-photon microscopy of cortical vessels for up to 14 h post-CCI. In a separate experimental group, leukocyte accumulation and secondary lesion expansion were analyzed in mice that were sacrificed 15 min, 2, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h after CCI (n = 48). Finally, leukocyte adhesion was blocked with anti-CD18 antibodies, and the effects on LEI and secondary lesion expansion were determined 16 (n = 12) and 24 h (n = 21), respectively, following TBI.

Results
One hour after TBI leukocytes and leukocyte-platelet aggregates started to roll on the endothelium of pial venules, whereas no significant LEI were observed in pial arterioles or in sham-operated mice. With a delay of >4 h, leukocytes and aggregates did also firmly adhere to the venular endothelium. In deep cortical vessels (250 μm) LEIs were much less pronounced. Transmigration of leukocytes into the brain parenchyma only became significant after the tissue became necrotic. Treatment with anti-CD18 antibodies reduced adhesion by 65%; however, this treatment had no effect on secondary lesion expansion.

Conclusions
LEI occurred primarily in pial venules, whereas little or no LEI occurred in arterioles or deep cortical vessels. Inhibiting LEI did not affect secondary lesion expansion. Importantly, the majority of migrating leukocytes entered the injured brain parenchyma only after the tissue became necrotic. Our results therefore suggest that neither intravascular leukocyte adhesion nor the migration of leukocytes into cerebral tissue play a significant role in the development of secondary lesion expansion following TBI.
Increased risk of ischemic stroke in cervical cancer patients: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Tsai Shiang-Jiun , Huang Yung-Sung , Tung Chien-Hsueh , Lee Ching-Chih , Lee Moon-Sing , Chiou Wen-Yen , Lin Hon-Yi , Hsu Feng-Chun , Tsai Chih-Hsin , Su Yu-Chieh , Hung Shih-Kai 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Increased risk of ischemic stroke has been validated for several cancers, but limited study evaluated this risk in cervical cancer patients. Our study aimed to evaluate the risk of ischemic stroke in cervical cancer patients.

Methods
The study analyzed data from the 2003 to 2008 National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) provided by the National Health Research Institutes in Taiwan. Totally, 893 cervical cancer patients after radiotherapy and 1786 appendectomy patients were eligible. The Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess the risk of ischemic stroke.

Results
The 5-year cumulative risk of ischemic stroke was significantly higher for the cervical cancer group than for the control group (7.8% vs 5.1%; p <0.005). The risk of stroke was higher in younger (age <51 years) than in older (age ≥51 years) cervical cancer patients (HR = 2.73, p = 0.04; HR = 1.37, p = 0.07) and in patients with more than two comorbid risk factors (5 years cumulative stroke rate of two comorbidities: 15% compared to no comorbidities: 4%).

Conclusions
These study demonstrated cervical cancer patients had a higher risk of ischemic stroke than the general population, especially in younger patients. Strategies to reduce this risk should be assessed.
Validation of an analytical method based on the high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the fast-sequential determination of several hazardous/priority hazardous metals in soil
Authors: Frentiu Tiberiu , Ponta Michaela , Hategan Raluca 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this paper was the validation of a new analytical method based on the high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the fast-sequential determination of several hazardous/priority hazardous metals (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in soil after microwave assisted digestion in aqua regia. Determinations were performed on the ContrAA 300 (Analytik Jena) air-acetylene flame spectrometer equipped with xenon short-arc lamp as a continuum radiation source for all elements, double monochromator consisting of a prism pre-monocromator and an echelle grating monochromator, and charge coupled device as detector. For validation a method-performance study was conducted involving the establishment of the analytical performance of the new method (limits of detection and quantification, precision and accuracy). Moreover, the Bland and Altman statistical method was used in analyzing the agreement between the proposed assay and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry as standardized method for the multielemental determination in soil.ResultsThe limits of detection in soil sample (3σ criterion) in the high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry method were (mg/kg): 0.18 (Ag), 0.14 (Cd), 0.36 (Co), 0.25 (Cr), 0.09 (Cu), 1.0 (Ni), 1.4 (Pb) and 0.18 (Zn), close to those in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry: 0.12 (Ag), 0.05 (Cd), 0.15 (Co), 1.4 (Cr), 0.15 (Cu), 2.5 (Ni), 2.5 (Pb) and 0.04 (Zn). Accuracy was checked by analyzing 4 certified reference materials and a good agreement for 95% confidence interval was found in both methods, with recoveries in the range of 94–106% in atomic absorption and 97–103% in optical emission. Repeatability found by analyzing real soil samples was in the range 1.6–5.2% in atomic absorption, similar with that of 1.9–6.1% in optical emission spectrometry. The Bland and Altman method showed no statistical significant difference between the two spectrometric methods for 95% confidence interval.ConclusionsHigh-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry can be successfully used for the rapid, multielemental determination of hazardous/priority hazardous metals in soil with similar analytical performances to those in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.
Subtype specific genetic associations for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: ERAP1 with the enthesitis related arthritis subtype and IL23Rwith juvenile psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Hinks Anne , Martin Paul , Flynn Edward , Eyre Steve , Packham Jon ,   Childhood Arthritis Prospective Study (CAPS),   BSPAR study group, Barton Anne , Worthington Jane , Thomson Wendy 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term for all chronic childhood arthropathies and can be divided into seven subtypes. It includes the enthesitis related arthritis (ERA) subtype which displays symptoms similar to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and juvenile-onset psoriatic arthritis which has similarities to psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and psoriasis (Ps). We, therefore, hypothesized that two well-established susceptibility loci for AS and Ps, ERAP1 and IL23R, could also confer susceptibility to these JIA subtypes.

Methods
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ERAP1 (rs30187) and IL23R (rs11209026) were genotyped in JIA cases (n = 1,054) and healthy controls (n = 5,200). Genotype frequencies were compared between all JIA cases and controls using the Cochrane-Armitage trend test implemented in PLINK. Stratified analysis by ILAR subtype was performed.

Results
The ERA subtype showed strong association with ERAP1 SNP (P trend = 0.005). The IL23R SNP showed significant association in the PsA subtype (P trend = 0.04). The SNPs were not associated with JIA overall or with any other subtype.

Conclusions
We present evidence for subtype specific association of the ERAP1 gene with ERA JIA and the IL23R gene with juvenile-onset PsA. The findings will require validation in independent JIA datasets. These results suggest distinct pathogenic pathways in these subtypes.
Improve your management skills, improve your clinical service
Authors: Oakley Clare , Sugarman Philip 
Published: March 2013

SummaryThis article sets out an approach to service improvement and development that depends on psychiatrists acquiring management skills, working with managers and selecting, understanding and using some structured business tools. These are essential elements in the development of clinical leadership and service vision and can add enormously to the improvement of patient care and treatment outcomes. It is important for psychiatrists to begin to acquire these skills during their training and to continue to develop them throughout their careers.
Recruitment into psychiatry: quantitative myths and qualitative challenges
Authors: Davies Teifion 
Published: March 2013

SummaryRecruitment into psychiatry is perceived as problematic in the UK but the paper by Goldacre and colleagues in this issue of the Journal shows that recruitment of new UK graduates has altered little over 35 years. Sources of psychiatry's malaise should be sought in its changing focus and the quality, rather than quantity, of its recruits.
Clinicians, researchers and community activism: lessons for mental health services from another field of medicine – HIV/AIDS
Authors: Miller Robert 
Published: March 2013

SummaryConsumer participation in mental health services has grown in recent years. Preceding this, a very productive collaboration in another area – the emerging crisis of HIV/AIDS – built a coalition of service users, researchers and clinicians which had a decisive impact on research and saved many lives. There is much to learn from this for the mental health field, where, at present, partnership between service users, caregivers, researchers and clinicians is not such a productive force. This editorial outlines the respective histories in these two areas and the lessons to be learnt for consumer involvement in the mental health field.
Electrocardiogram interpretation skills in psychiatry trainees
Authors: Yadav Rashmi , Vidyarthi Ankush 
Published: March 2013

Aims and methodTo assess the competence of psychiatry trainees in identifying major abnormalities in a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). This was a three-stage prospective study. In stage 1, selected ECG traces were presented to the trainees. They were then asked to comment on any abnormalities of note on the ECG traces. In stage 2, an ECG e-book was made available to the trainees and the survey repeated. In stage 3, ECG workshop sessions were introduced in the mandatory teaching programme and the survey was repeated.ResultsThe number of correct responses after the introduction of the workshops were significantly more when compared with correct responses in stage 2 (P= 0.0002), and stage 1 (P= 0.0091). When compared with stage 1, the correct responses in stage 2 actually showed deterioration (P= 0.0284).Clinical implicationsOur study not only shows that providing access to an e-book is not enough to improve these skills, it also shows that ECG refresher sessions improved the diagnostic accuracy markedly.
Peer observation in simulated CASC events and its effects on learning
Authors: McMullen Isabel , Checinski Ken , Halliwell Susan , Maier Michael , Raji Oyepeju , Rands Gianetta , Rao Ranga 
Published: March 2013

Aims and methodPassing the MRCPsych Clinical Assessment of Skills and Competencies (CASC) is a significant challenge for trainee psychiatrists. We describe the process of setting up a new educational intervention of a simulated CASC examination incorporating peer observation, and report the findings from these events.ResultsThe training events involved a series of simulated scenarios followed by personalised feedback from examiners. Peer observation was a fundamental part of the events and was viewed positively by the trainees with perceived improvements in knowledge and skills. Differences in self-rated and examiner-rated competence were observed more often in those who subsequently failed the CASC.Clinical implicationsSimulated CASC examination as a training event with a strong focus on observing and learning from peers provides a useful learning experience and supports trainees who are preparing for the CASC examination.
FAK–Src signalling is important to renal collecting duct morphogenesis: discovery using a hierarchical screening technique
Authors: Tai Guangping , Hohenstein Peter , Davies Jamie A. 
Published: March 2013

Summary
This report describes a hierarchical screening technique for identification of pathways that control the morphogenesis of the renal collecting duct system. The multi-step screen involves a first round using a 2-dimensional, cell-line-based scrape-healing assay, then a second round using a 3-dimensional tubulogenesis assay; both of these rounds use new cell lines described in this report. The final stage is ex vivo organ culture. We demonstrate the utility of the screen by using it to identify the FAK–Src-pathway signalling as being important for collecting duct development, specifically for the cell proliferation on which this development depends.
Crystal structure of 2,6-diiodo-8-(3-iodophenyl)-phenyl-BODIPY, C19H16BF2I3N2
Authors: Li Xiaochuan , Jiang Wenjuan , Li Yajuan , Zhang Junna , Son Young-A 
Published: March 2013

AbstractC19H16BF2I3N2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.163(1) Å, b = 10.682(1) Å, c = 11.592(1) Å, α = 63.658(1)°, β = 79.529(3)°, γ = 72.106(2)°, V = 1071.6 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0306, wRref(F2) = 0.0721, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 5-(2,6-dimethyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine- 2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione, C13H14N2O4
Authors: Li Xiaochuan , Li Yajuan , Zhang Junna , Son Young-A 
Published: March 2013

Abstract C13H14N2O4, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 15.85(2) Å, b = 4.318(5) Å, c = 17.42(2) Å, V = 1191.9 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0823, wRref(F2) = 0.2340, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 2,2’-((1E,1'E)-(1,4-phenylene-bis(azanylylidene))- bis(methanylylidene))bis(4-bromophenol), C20H14Br2N2O2
Authors: Ha Kwang 
Published: March 2013

Abstract C20H14Br2N2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 20.219(4) Å, b = 6.899(1) Å, c = 6.195(1) Å, β = 96.473(4)°, V = 858.6 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0372, wRref(F2) = 0.0925, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of ethyl 3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxybenzoate, C9H8Br2O3
Authors: Lu Zai-Sheng , Zhu Guang-Zhou , Shi Huan-Le 
Published: March 2013

Abstract C9H8Br2O3, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 16.340(2) Å, b = 7.580(1) Å, c = 16.944(2) Å, V = 2098.6 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0231, wRref(F2) = 0.0521, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of (2E)-3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-1-(4,4’’-difluoro-5’-methoxy- 1,1’:3’,1’’-terphenyl-4’-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, C34H24F2O2
Authors: Betz Richard , Gerber Thomas , Hosten Eric , Samshuddin Seranthimata , Narayana Badiadka , Sarojini Balladka K. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractC34H24F2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 15.6240(5) Å, b = 7.0828(2) Å, c = 24.3641(7) Å, β = 105.522(2)°, V = 2597.9 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0516, wRref(F2) = 0.1260, T = 200 K.
Well-Child Care Clinical Practice Redesign for Young Children: A Systematic Review of Strategies and Tools
Authors: Coker Tumaini R. , Windon Annika , Moreno Candice , Schuster Mark A. , Chung Paul J. 
Published: March 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Various proposals have been made to redesign well-child care (WCC) for young children, yet no peer-reviewed publication has examined the evidence for these. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review on WCC clinical practice redesign for children aged 0 to 5 years.METHODS:PubMed was searched using criteria to identify relevant English-language articles published from January 1981 through February 2012. Observational studies, controlled trials, and systematic reviews evaluating efficiency and effectiveness of WCC for children aged 0 to 5 were selected. Interventions were organized into 3 categories: providers, formats (how care is provided; eg, non–face-to-face formats), and locations for care. Data were extracted by independent article review, including study quality, of 3 investigators with consensus resolution of discrepancies.RESULTS:Of 275 articles screened, 33 met inclusion criteria. Seventeen articles focused on providers, 13 on formats, 2 on locations, and 1 miscellaneous. We found evidence that WCC provided in groups is at least as effective in providing WCC as 1-on-1 visits. There was limited evidence regarding other formats, although evidence suggested that non-face-to-face formats, particularly web-based tools, could enhance anticipatory guidance and possibly reduce parents’ need for clinical contacts for minor concerns between well-child visits. The addition of a non–medical professional trained as a developmental specialist may improve receipt of WCC services and enhance parenting practices. There was insufficient evidence on nonclinical locations for WCC.CONCLUSIONS:Evidence suggests that there are promising WCC redesign tools and strategies that may be ready for larger-scale testing and may have important implications for preventive care delivery to young children in the United States.