bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory morbidity and short-term outcome in moderate preterm, late preterm, and early-term infants at a tertiary care hospital in Southern India
Authors: Satheesh Anusree , Avabratha K. Shreedhara , Shanbhag Sweta , Prabhu H. Sudhir 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Moderate and late preterm and early-term infants constitute a significant proportion of hospitalizations in neonatal intensive care units (NICU), yet have been perceived as low-risk groups. Their gestational age-specific data have been poorly studied, including respiratory morbidity and outcome.

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to determine the respiratory morbidity among moderate and late preterm and early-term infants and to study their short-term outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
A longitudinal descriptive hospital-based study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Southern India, from January 2018 to June 2019. Newborns between 32 and <39 completed weeks, after gestational age assessment, were observed until discharge and later followed up to 40 weeks of gestation. The outcome was recorded in terms of respiratory issues, length of hospital stay, and readmissions within a month.

Results:
Two hundred and fifty babies were included in the study. NICU care was required in 78%, 72%, and 9.2% of moderate preterm, late preterm, and early-term infants, respectively. Respiratory distress was noted in 78%, 66%, and 6% of moderate preterm, late preterm, and early-term infants, respectively. The association of respiratory distress with gestational age was highly significant (P < 0.0001). Surfactant requirement was 12%, 6%, and 1.7% among the three groups. The average length of NICU stay was 7.8 days, 6.5 days, and 0.3 days among moderate and late preterms and early-term infants, respectively.

Conclusion:
Moderate and late preterms and early-term infants have significant morbidities. Gestational age has a substantial correlation with respiratory distress and neonatal outcomes. Knowledge about these issues can ensure improved outcome in these infants.
Achados placentários na pré-eclâmpsia pré-termo e a termo: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Araújo Iohanna Melo de , Silva Luiza Santos Ribeiro da , Correia Letícia Paula , Tavares Juliana Cruz Carneiro , Holanda Gabriela Cristina Siqueira de 
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A pré-eclâmpsia é uma complicação associada à gestação de alta morbidade e mortalidade, caracterizada por manifestações cardiovasculares dinâmicas e progressivas. O seu diagnóstico é realizado após as vinte semanas de gestação com a presença de hipertensão associada à proteinúria. Apesar de apresentar múltiplos fatores de risco, sabe-se que a placenta é um fator importante de evolução por apresentar alterações na invasão e na remodelação, levando a um aumento do fluxo sanguíneo entre a mãe e o feto. A avaliação e o diagnóstico precoce ajudam a prever complicações importantes que podem reduzir a mortalidade trazendo benefícios materno-fetais. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo esclarecer os achados placentários e suas manifestações em indivíduos pré termo e a termo. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, dos quais foram consultados artigos científicos referenciados na Scielo, Pubmed e Google acadêmico, entre 2018 e 2021. Resultados: Alterações na estrutura placentária no estudo histopatológico, assim como o desequilíbrio na angiogênese podem alterar significativamente a evolução da gestação. Sabe-se que as gestação pré termo apresentam desfechos diferentes das gestações a termo em relação a alterações placentárias, das quais podem resultar em restrição de crescimento intrauterino e hipóxia uterina, respectivamente. Consequentemente, o aumento de células pró inflamatórias e a redução de células reguladores podem gerar um estresse oxidativo, que desempenham um papel fundamental na sua evolução. Conclusão: Em suma, a má perfusão placentária seguida de alterações na sua estrutura podem levar a uma evolução desfavorável, porém diferentes na gestações pré termo e a termo na pre eclampsia. O desenvolvimento de estratégias terapêuticas e o precoce reconhecimento desta doença por meio da monitorização da pressão arterial, assim como o uso de dopplerfluxometria podem melhorar os desfechos desfavoráveis, reduzindo a mortalidade materna e fetal.
Effective Practice with Looked After Children
Authors: Sen Robin 
Published: August 2024

Since the key developments that policy and research have undergone over the course of the past years, meeting the specific needs of looked after children is a priority for modern social work policy and practice. This comprehensive text combines an accessible overview of statutory policy and legislation with analysis of core theories and interventions to provide a guide for effective practice with children in all care settings by:
- Covering legislation as well as research-based analysis of the key interventions and practice methods in the field
- Meeting market needs: students and practitioners struggle with the dearth of specific material on looked after children - this text supports them in a core component of social work study and practice
- Consolidating learning through its use of reflective questions, case studies, exercises and research analysis
This book offers an accessible overview of the care context in Britain and is essential reading for students and practitioners wishing to develop effective practice within childcare.
The Medicalisation of Everyday Life
Authors: Fawcett Barbara , Weber Zita , Bannister Helen 
Published: August 2024

This is timely new book examines the generally accepted understanding of the theory and practice of mental health. Drawing on historical and contemporary practices, it critically explores the concept of mental illness and how it is treated, the integration of health and social care, and providing a person-centred approach. As well as tackling more general aspects, such as how we categorise mental health and the contemporary practice around medication and treatment alternatives, it also focusses on specific areas currently labelled 'mental illness', including depression, anxiety, ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), and PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). Final chapters address the evidence for the effectiveness of psychopharmacology and the place of placebos in research and treatment, the importance of cultural sensitivity in a globalised world and the possibilities for the future practice in mental health services. The importance of non-medical alternative therapies and the incorporation of consumer perspectives in mental health service practice are highlighted throughout as a means of strengthening the experience of mental health service delivery for mental health professionals and consumers.
Whether a student on a mental health nursing course, a social work student focussing on mental health, or a practitioner in the medical and allied health professions, this book is essential reading for anyone who wants a greater understanding of the theory and practice of mental health.
Assessment of hospital meals dedicated to diabetic patients. Divergencies between received meals, model menu and guidelines. HDMI- Hospital Diet Medical Investigation Study
Authors: Jodczyk Alicja Jodczyk Monika , Kucharska Alicja , Panczyk Mariusz , Adamczyk Natalia , Turlej Karolina , Wierzbiński Piotr , Barylski Marcin , Poliwczak Adam Rafał , Janiszewski Maciej , Mamcarz Artur , Śliż Daniel 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn Poland, it is estimated that more than 2 million individuals have diabetes. Intervening in modifiable risk factors can effectively prevent and delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. Previous reports claimed that the Polish healthcare system did not guarantee proper nutrition and nutritional education. This publication aimed to examine the dietary provisions for diabetic patients in Poland's hospitals and evaluate their compliance with the "Good Meal in the Hospital" guidelines.Material and methodsHospital workers were asked to fulfil the survey regarding hospital (degree of reference, number of beds in total and internal medicine unit, availability of diet dedicated to diabetic patient, performing nutritional education and presence of dietitian) and attach menus from meals received by patients from following 10 days. Then the menus were analyzed, compared to self-made model menu and “Dobry Posiłek w Szpitalu” (Good Meal in Hospital) guidelines.ResultsSeventy menus from seven hospitals were examined. Five hospitals met eight and two hospitals met seven out of thirteen criteria. The discrepancies particularly concerned excessive levels of saturated fatty acids and mono- and disaccharides, and insufficient amounts of legumes and fish in the hospital diets. Only four out of seven hospitals had a resident dietitian present.ConclusionsProviding meals containing typical nutritional errors representing the pattern of the Polish population during hospitalization may lead to potential post-discharge dietary errors. They might result in deterioration in glycemic regulation, lipid profiles, and heightened susceptibility to complications, including an elevated cardiovascular risk.
DOENÇA CELÍACA: DIAGNÓSTICO, TRATAMENTO E DESAFIOS NA PRÁTICA CLÍNICA
Authors: Barcelos Carolina Gonçalves , Mendes Evelyn Botrel , Barreto Carla Knopp , Ferreira Julia Caramatti , Fernandes Julia Pitangueira Cardoso , Santos Rogê Pacheco dos , Furukawa Livia Verdinasse , Costa Lucas Pinheiro , Barroso João Paulo Damato Dias , Silva João Marcos , Nunes Larissa Martins Carvalho Mesquita , Almeida Luiza Figueiredo Ribeiro 
Published: August 2024

A doença celíaca é uma enteropatia crônica resultante da intolerância permanente ao glúten, uma proteína presente no trigo, cevada e centeio. É desencadeada por mecanismos autoimunes em indivíduos geneticamente predispostos, resultando em uma ampla gama de manifestações clínicas que regridem com a exclusão do glúten da dieta. Com uma prevalência global de aproximadamente 1%, a doença apresenta-se de forma variável, incluindo sintomas gastrointestinais clássicos, manifestações extraintestinais e formas assintomáticas, o que torna seu diagnóstico desafiador. O diagnóstico envolve uma combinação de exames sorológicos, biópsia intestinal e avaliação clínica. Avanços nos marcadores sorológicos, como anticorpos anti-transglutaminase tecidual e anticorpos para o peptídeo gliadina deaminada, têm melhorado a precisão diagnóstica. O tratamento consiste em uma dieta sem glúten permanente, que é desafiadora devido às contaminações inadvertidas. O acompanhamento com nutricionistas e gastroenterologistas é essencial para a adesão à dieta e a prevenção de deficiências nutricionais. Pesquisas estão em andamento para desenvolver novas terapias que complementam a dieta sem glúten e melhorem a qualidade de vida dos pacientes celíacos.
Using eddy covariance observations to determine the carbon sequestration characteristics of subalpine forests in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zhu Niu , Wang Jinniu , Luo Dongliang , Wang Xufeng , Shen Cheng , Wu Ning 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Subalpine forests are a crucial component of the carbon cycling system in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP). However, there are currently significant data gaps in the QTP, and it is essential to enhance continuous monitoring of forest carbon absorption processes in the future. This study investigates 2 years' carbon exchange dynamics of a subalpine forest on the QTP using an eddy covariance method. We first characterized the seasonal carbon dynamics of the subalpine forest, revealing the higher carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange rates in summer and autumn and lower rates in winter and spring, and found that autumn is the peak period for carbon sequestration in this subalpine forest, with the maximum measured value of CO2 absorption reaching 10.70 µmol m−2 s−1. Subsequently, we examined the environmental factors influencing the carbon sequestration function. Principal component analysis (PCA) shows that photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was the major environmental factor driving the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2, significantly influencing forest carbon absorption, and the increase in relative humidity decreases the rate of carbon fixation. In addition, we explored NEE and its influencing factors at the regional scale and found that air temperature promotes carbon dioxide absorption (negative NEE values), while the average annual precipitation shows a minor effect on NEE. At the annual scale, the subalpine forest functions as a strong carbon sink, with an average NEE of −332 to −351 g C m−2 (from November 2020 to October 2022). Despite the challenges of climate change, forests remain robust carbon sinks with the highest carbon sequestration capacity in the QTP, with an average annual CO2 absorption rate of 368 g C m−2. This study provides valuable insights into the carbon cycling mechanism in subalpine ecosystems and the global carbon balance.
Exploring patterns in precipitation intensity–duration–area–frequency relationships using weather radar data
Authors: Rosin Talia , Marra Francesco , Morin Efrat 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Accurate estimations of extreme precipitation return levels are critical for many hydrological applications. Extreme precipitation is highly variable in both space and time; therefore, to better understand and manage the related risks, knowledge of their probability at different spatial–temporal scales is crucial. We employ a novel non-asymptotic framework to estimate extreme return levels (up to 100 years) at multiple spatial–temporal scales from weather radar precipitation estimates. The approach reduces uncertainties and enables the use of relatively short archives typical of weather radar data (12 years in this case). We focus on the eastern Mediterranean, an area of high interest due to its sharp climatic gradient, containing Mediterranean, semi-arid, and arid areas across a few tens of kilometres, and its susceptibility to flash flood. At-site intensity–duration–area–frequency relations are derived from radar precipitation data at various scales (10 min–24 h, 0.25–500 km2) across the study area, using ellipses of varying axes and orientations to account for the spatial component of storms. We evaluate our analysis using daily rain gauge data over areas for which sufficiently dense gauge networks are available. We show that extreme return levels derived from radar precipitation data for 24 h and 100 km2 are generally comparable to those derived from averaging daily rain gauge data over a similar areal scale. We then analyse differences in multi-scale extreme precipitation over coastal, mountainous, and desert regions. Our study reveals that the power-law scaling relationship between precipitation and duration (simple scaling) weakens for increasing area sizes. This finding has implications for temporal downscaling. Additionally, precipitation intensity varies significantly for different area sizes at short durations but becomes more similar at long durations, suggesting that, in the region, areal reduction factors may not be necessary for computing return levels over long durations. Furthermore, the reverse orographic effect, which causes decreased precipitation for hourly and sub-hourly durations, diminishes for larger areas. Finally, we discuss the effects of orography and coastline proximity on extreme precipitation intensity over different spatial–temporal scales.
A linear assessment of barotropic Rossby wave propagation in different background flow configurations
Authors: Segalini Antonio , Riboldi Jacopo , Wirth Volkmar , Messori Gabriele 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. The horizontal propagation of Rossby waves in the upper troposphere has been a long-standing topic in dynamical meteorology. The concept of “waveguidability’’, i.e., the capability of the background flow to act as a zonal waveguide for Rossby waves, may prove useful to address this problem, but developing a systematic definition and quantification of such a property remains challenging. With an eye to such issues, the current paper suggests a novel and efficient algorithm to solve the linearized barotropic vorticity equation on a sphere in a forced-dissipative configuration. The algorithm allows one to obtain linear wave solutions resulting from arbitrary combinations of the forcing and the background zonal wind. These solutions can be used to systematically study single- and double-jet configurations and are employed here to show that the latitude of the jet stream does not appear to affect waveguidability. The onset of barotropic instability might hinder the applicability of the linear framework, but it is shown that the nonlinear flow evolution can still be retrieved qualitatively from the linearized solution, both for the stationary component of the wave field and for the temporal evolution of transient waves.
Risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia: A case-control study in a high disease prevalence region
Authors: Fahdhienie Farrah , Mudatsir Mudatsir , Abidin Taufik F. , Nurjannah Nurjannah 
Published: August 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most widespread infectious diseases in the world, with high mortality and morbidity rates, contributing to a significant disease burden, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors of TB among the population aged 17 years (late adolescent) and above in one of the high TB prevalence countries, Indonesia. A case-control study was conducted in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, involving newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients who visited one of the eleven community health centers in Banda Aceh. The controls were individuals matched by age and sex who lived near the cases and had no TB infection. A total of 16 risk factors were assessed. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between the risk factors and the occurrence of TB. A total of 196 cases and 196 controls were included in the study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified 11 independent predictors for the occurrence of TB after controlling possible confounders. Patients who lived in houses with insufficient light exposure were 77 times more likely to develop TB compared to those living in houses with sufficient light exposure (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 77.69; 95%CI: 27.09, 222.79). The study also showed that people who had close contact with TB patients (AOR: 25.39; 95%CI: 2.10, 306.52), had poor knowledge of TB (AOR: 24.2; 95%CI: 6.89, 85.17), had comorbidities (AOR: 4.49; 95%CI: 1.35, 14.89), insufficient food utilization (AOR: 3.41; 95%CI: 1.51, 7.71), negative preventive behavior (AOR: 3.39; 95%CI: 1.49, 7.72), low education level (AOR: 3.08; 95%CI: 1.26, 7.55), and insufficient housing humidity (AOR: 2.89; 95%CI: 1.18, 7.12) were associated with increased the odds of having TB. Being employed, having income above minimum wage, and having good nutritional intake were protective factors for developing TB. In conclusion, the determinants of TB among people aged 17 years and older are a clear indication of the need for TB prevention programs targeting not only individual risk factors but also environmental risk factors, particularly providing adequate housing conditions. This study provided useful information that might help to develop and adopt effective policies for TB control in Indonesia.
Efecto de la ubicación y el tiempo de permanencia de la miel en la colmena sobre la humedad, el color y el HMF
Authors: Gaggiotti Mónica del Carmen , Orellano Emanuel , Wanzenried Z. Rosana , Merke Julieta , Giacobino Agostina , Pacini Adriana , Signorini Marcelo 
Published: August 2024

Los alimentos azucarados son muy sensibles al calor y pueden deteriorarse durante el almacenamiento. El hidroximetilfurfural (HMF) es un compuesto formado por la deshidratación de la fructosa, su presencia en la miel se relaciona con alteraciones de color, desarrollo de flavors y olores extraños. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la exposición al sol y el tiempo de permanencia en la colmena sobre el color, el porcentaje de humedad y la concentración de HMF en miel recién cosechada El trabajo se realizó en la Estación Experimental Agropecuaria (EEA) Rafaela del Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), provincia de Santa Fe, República Argentina, durante la campaña 2017-2018. Se ubicaron cinco colmenas al sol (S), cinco colmenas bajo sombra parcial (SP) y cinco colmenas bajo sombra total (ST). Se tomaron muestras de las medias alzas de las 15 colmenas 4 veces durante 3 meses, identificándose las medias alzas por tiempo de permanencia en la colmena. La humedad promedio de las mieles obtenidas del tratamiento S (17,6%) fue superior (P<0,001) a las mieles de colmenas expuestas a SP (16,6%) y a ST (16,8%). El valor medio de color del grupo ST (16,8 mm Pfund) fue menor (P<0,001) que el de los grupos S y SP (22,35 y 20,99 mm Pfund, respectivamente). No se observaron diferencias (P=0,777) en la concentración media de HMF en las mieles de los distintos tratamientos (6,47; 7,06 y 6,74 mg/kg para ST, SP y S, respectivamente). La miel acumulada en la colmena para los tres grupos evaluados con diferentes tiempos de permanencia en la misma presentó promedios de HMF (mg/kg) de 4,9; 7,02; 6,79 y 9,9, para el muestreo inicial, 30, 60 y 90 días de permanencia, respectivamente, detectándose diferencias significativas (P<0,05) entre el muestreo inicial, los 30 y 60 días y el muestreo final. Esta tendencia no se modificó en función de la ubicación de las colmenas. No se observaron diferencias (P=0,269) en la humedad según el tiempo de permanencia de la media alza (17,2%; 17,0%; 16,8% y 17,4% para el muestreo inicial, 30, 60 y 90 días de almacenamiento, respectivamente). El color de la miel se incrementó con el paso del tiempo (P<0,05), alcanzando valores de 16,1; 20,07; 22,26 y 25,5 mm Pfund, para el muestreo inicial, 30, 60 y 90 días de almacenamiento, respectivamente, siendo independiente de la ubicación de las colmenas. La ubicación de las colmenas modificó la humedad y el color, pero no los niveles de HMF. A medida que avanzó el tiempo de almacenamiento de la miel en las medias alzas, independientemente de su ubicación, se incrementaron los valores de color y HMF.
Faktor Pendukung dan Penghambat Stakeholders Dalam Pemberdayaan Petani Asam Kandis di Nagari Salibutan
Authors: Jesica Anggia Fahrezy  , Fitri Eriyanti  
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan faktor pendukung dan penghambat stakeholders dalam pemberdayaan petani asam kandis di Nagari Salibutan. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya faktor pendukung dan penghambat yang dihadapi stakeholders dalam upaya pemberdayan petani asam kandis di Nagari Salibutan tepatnya di Korong Gamaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti yaitu melalui metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Untuk memastikan keabsahan data digunakan teknik triangulasi metode dan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang menjadi faktor pendukung stakeholders dalam pemberdayaan petani asam kandis di Nagari Salibutan adalah dari Potensi sumber daya alam yang ada. Kemudian kesadaran dan motivasi yang dimiliki petani asam kandis Bundo Gamaran untuk menjadi sejahtera sekaligus menjaga kelestarian hutan. Faktor penghambat utama stakeholders dalam pemberdayaan petani asam kandis di Nagari Salibutan adalah terletak pada terbatasnya anggaran dana untuk melakukan program pemberdayaan oleh stakeholders, sehingga pemberdayaan yang dilakukan belum optimal. Kemudian dari kurangnya sumber daya manusia yaitu, Pendidikan yang terbilang rendah, kurangnya kepercayaan diri dan kemandirian yang belum dimiliki petani asam kandis Bundo Gamaran juga menjadi hambatan bagi stakeholders dalam melakukan pemberdayaan kepada petani asam kandis Bundo Gamaran di Nagari Salibutan.