bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multifaceted role of bisphosphonates from palliative care to anti-cancer therapy in solid tumors
Authors: Veeraballi Sindhusha , Bandaru Sai Samyuktha , Kiwan Chrystina , Chan Kok Hoe , Shaaban Hamid S 
Published: July 2024

Introduction Bisphosphonates (P-C-Ps) also called diphosphonates are the structural analogs of naturally occurring pyrophosphates. Bisphosphonates are traditionally used and shown to provide long-term success in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis and other bone loss pathologies. Furthermore, bisphosphonates are gaining popularity in the present era of cancer therapeutics and prevention. The usage of bisphosphonates as adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy, either as a single agent or combined with other chemotherapy, has been studied in different solid tumors. This review aims to present the various roles of bisphosphonates in solid tumors. Data sources Articles in MEDLINE/PubMed and the National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials Registry ( http://www . Clinicaltrials.gov) between 1 January 2011 and 1 February 2022 were extracted using MeSH terms “bisphosphonates/diphosphosphonates and mechanism,” “bisphosphonates and breast cancer,” “bisphosphonates and prostate cancer,” “bisphosphonates and lung cancer,” “bisphosphonates and cancer risk,” and “bisphosphonates and adverse events.” Manual searches of some major oncology journals were also conducted. Discussion This review article focuses on the antitumor activity of bisphosphonates, safety profile, and the role of bisphosphonates as preventive, neoadjuvant, and adjuvant chemotherapy. A significant improvement in overall survival and cancer-specific survival and recurrence-free survival with the usage of bisphosphonates is noted in breast cancer patients, particularly in post-menopausal women. Though great progress has been achieved in over 20 years, further research is needed to identify the subgroup of patients that are most likely to benefit from adjuvant bisphosphonate therapy and to determine regimens with greater efficacy and better safety profile.
Antimicrobial Activity of Bark from Four North American Tree Species
Authors: Mickles Alayna J. , Chou Caroline , Deleger Julie N. , Swords Elizabeth F. , Schlarman Maggie S. , Braude Stan 
Published: July 2024

Introduction Although many backcountry first aid kits contain antibiotic ointment, the supply can be quickly exhausted if a patient has extensive wounds or if there are multiple patients. Methods We assessed the antibacterial properties of bark extract from four North American woody plant species known to native Missourians as medicinal plants ( Quercus macrocarpa, Salix humilis, Pinus echinata, and Hamamelis vernalis). We tested their antimicrobial properties, with the disc diffusion technique, against four common pathogenic bacterial species: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterobacter aerogenes (now known as Klebsiella aerogenes) . Results We report evidence of antibacterial activity of bark extract from all four plant species. Conclusions Our results confirm that traditional uses of these species may be useful in fighting infection and could be especially useful in a wilderness setting when modern antibiotics are exhausted.
Comparability analysis of the HNT-1P Huvitz non contact tonometer for the measurement of intraocular pressure
Authors: Cárceles Montoya Alicia , Monera Lucas Carlos Enrique , Tarazona Jaimes Claudia Patricia , Romero Valero Daniel , Moya Martínez Alejandro , Martínez Toldos José Juan 
Published: July 2024

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic validity of the HNT-1P non-contact tonometer (Huvitz) as a tool for accurately measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with healthy eyes, compared to the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), which is the Gold Standard method for measurement of IOP. Methods Observational, descriptive, transversal study using 148 eyes of 74 healthy patients without a diagnosis of glaucoma or other ophthalmological diseases. Three measurements of IOP were taken in each eye, using three tonometers: HNT-1P, ICR100, and GAT. The median IOP (quartiles) and mean IOP (SD) its statistical significance were calculated, and comparisons were made between the mean and median IOP values found in three groups: GAT-HNT, GAT-ICR, and HNT-ICR. The difference in mean and median IOP was analyzed in each of the three study groups, and its statistical significance and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) were calculated. Results The median IOP with HNT-1P was statistically significantly lower than the median IOP with GAT, (1.1 mmHg, p < 0.001). The median IOP with HNT-1P was also lower than the median IOP with ICR100. As an additional result, the median IOP with GAT was lower than the median IOP with ICR. The CCC was moderate for HNT-ICR (0.72) and low for GAT-HNT and GAT-ICR (0.43 and 0.38, respectively). Conclusions HNT-1P (Huvitz) provides statistically significantly lower IOP values than those obtained with GAT. HNT-1P could be used for screening of ocular hypertension in postoperative patients. The IOP measurement obtained with HNT-1P should be confirmed with GAT. HNT-1P yields lower IOP values than those obtained with ICR.
Nodular posterior scleritis mimicking melanotic choroidal melanoma: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Dubey Amber , Barman Manab Jyoti , Das Dipankar , Bhattacharjee Kasturi , Roy Subham Sinha 
Published: July 2024

Purpose To report a case of atypical nodular posterior scleritis mimicking as a melanotic choroidal melanoma. Methods Descriptive case report. Results A 38-year-old female presented with sudden onset diminution of vision, severe pain and redness in her right eye. She was diagnosed to have choroidal melanoma in her left eye one year ago and underwent enucleation. On examination, conjunctiva was injected in right eye with cells in anterior vitreous face (AVF). Fundus examination revealed a large pigmented choroidal mass temporal to macula with exudative retinal detachment. Systemic evaluation and multimodal imaging ruled out the possibility of a choroidal melanoma or metastasis, with a presumptive diagnosis of nodular posterior scleritis. Three cycles of intravenous methyl prednisolone (IVMP) with a tapering dose of oral corticosteroids showed drastic improvement in symptoms with resolution of choroidal mass – further confirming the diagnosis. Conclusions In cases of choroidal mass with an inflammatory component, a trial of steroids is worthwhile to prevent clinical misjudgement and devastating treatment outcomes including enucleation.
Genetic association of diabetic retinopathy with long noncoding RNA CDKN2B-AS1 gene polymorphism
Authors: Yao Yen-Po , Chien Hsiang-Wen , Wang Kai , Yang Yi-Sun , Su Shih-Chi , Chang Lun-Ching , Lin Hung-Yu , Yang Shun-Fa 
Published: July 2024

Aim We attempted to test the influences of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to Diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CDKN2B-AS1 gene, rs564398, rs1333048, rs1537373, rs2151280, and rs8181047 were examined in 280 DR cases and 455 DR-free diabetic controls. Results Among these loci tested, we demonstrated that diabetic carriers of at least one polymorphic allele (G) of rs2151280 (AG and GG; AOR, 1.613; 95% CI, 1.040–2.501; p = 0.033) are more susceptible to proliferative DR but not non-proliferative DR. This genetic association with the risk of developing proliferative DR was further strengthened in homozygotes for the polymorphic allele (G) of rs2151280 (GG; AOR, 2.194; 95% CI, 1.117–4.308; p = 0.023). We detected a significant association of the polymorphic allele (G) of rs2151280 with proliferative DR patients (OR, 1.503; 95% CI, 1.112–2.033; p = 0.008) but not with the entire DR or non-proliferative DR group. Moreover, as compared to those who do not possess the polymorphic allele of rs2151280 (AA), DR patients carrying at least one polymorphic allele of rs2151280 (AG + GG) exhibited a lower glomerular filtration rate and HDL cholesterol level, revealing a promotive role of rs2151280 in renal and cardiovascular complications of diabetes. Conclusion Taken together, our findings implicate an impact of CDKN2B-AS1 gene polymorphisms on the progression of DR.
Short report: Examining race, ethnicity, sex, and gender among autistic youth and their educators who participated in school-based research
Authors: Linkous Olivia , Soon Katherine , Lee James D , Du Adora , Shih Wendy , Bearss Karen , Kasari Connie , Locke Jill 
Published: July 2024

Racial/ethnic minoritized youth are underrepresented in autism research. Documented inequities in accessibility to and utilization of autism-specific services highlight the importance of better understanding for whom and under what conditions autism evidence-based practices (EBPs) work. This report examines the race, ethnicity, sex, and gender of school-based autism research participants (e.g. educators, students), given schools are the most common setting in which autistic youth receive services in the United States (US). Data across 14 years of research, for eight school-based studies in the US, showed that while most teachers identified as non-Hispanic White, over half of the youth sampled identified as being of a racial/ethnic minoritized background. Findings provide insights into who is being served in school-based autism research and how school partnerships may increase diversity among autism research participants and offer a means of reducing existing barriers. Researchers should continue to utilize schools to reach diverse populations and consider how demographic characteristics of school staff affect EBP effectiveness. Researchers should continue to better understand the impact of the EBP, provider, and setting on outcomes. Lay abstract Schools are the main provider of behavioral health services in the United States (US). Conducting research in schools may help increase access for autistic youth, but there is limited research about who participates in school-based autism research. The researchers examined data spanning 14 years of participation in school-based autism research. All data were collected in the US. Researchers found that in this sample, more than half of the youth identified as racial/ethnic minoritized (REM) youth. However, demographics of sampled youth were significantly different than expected, based on publicly available school-based population demographics. More youth identified as White non-Hispanic than would be expected in those schools. Majority of the sampled educators also identified as White non-Hispanic. High percentages of autistic REM youth suggest school-based autism research may be an effective way of providing services to more diverse populations. However, sampled schools were also not representative of a US national sample, with sampled schools having fewer White non-Hispanic youth than would be expected from US national statistics. Complexity around representation of schools sampled and demographics of service environments suggests a need for more research.
Trajectories of positive affect in autistic individuals during the transition to adulthood
Authors: McCauley James B , Clarke Elaine B , Schiltz Hillary K , Lord Catherine 
Published: July 2024

Longitudinal analyses have revealed informative patterns about health, mental health, adaptive skills, autism symptoms, and social skills during the transition to adulthood for autistic individuals. This study expands on these findings by investigating the trajectories of positive affect from age 15 to 30 years using a heterogeneous cohort ( n = 253) of individuals first referred for autism at an early age. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify commonalities in trajectories using both caregiver-reported and self-reported positive affect. We analyzed differences between these trajectory groups on demographic and behavioral measures, as well as indices of adult functioning characterized for either higher and lower cognitive abilities. Caregiver-reported values revealed four different patterns of stability and change, and self-reported values revealed three distinct patterns of stability and change with variable intercepts. These trajectory groups differed by autism severity, intelligence quotient, daily living skills, and different indices of adult outcomes, including social relationships, work, and activity engagement. There were some differences in trajectory shape by reporter, with agreement between caregiver-report and self-report being limited after age 23 years. The results of this study have implications for how we measure subjective indices of experience across the spectrum of cognitive abilities present in autism. Lay Abstract Recent research has revealed informative patterns about health, mental health, self-help skills, autism symptoms, and social skills during the transition to adulthood for autistic individuals. This study expands on these findings by examining how positive affect (e.g. excited) changes from age 15 to 30 years using a group of individuals first referred for autism at an early age. We also examined the agreement between caregiver-report and self-report on positive affect. We found different patterns of stability and change in positive affect across the transition to adulthood that related to differences in autism severity, cognitive abilities, self-help skills, as well as social and work participation in adulthood. The agreement between caregiver-report and self-report was strong in adolescence but became much weaker after the individuals were 23 years. These results have implications for how we measure happiness, positive emotions, or other internal experiences of autistic individuals.
‘Does that mean you will be violent?’: A qualitative exploration into Autistic women’s experiences of relationships with lecturers at university
Authors: Phillips Sophie 
Published: July 2024

The experiences of Autistic1 women students at university are seldom explored. In this paper, women refers to anyone who self-identifies as a woman. Eleven Autistic women students participated in artefact creation and semi-structured interviews exploring their experiences with university lecturers. All data centred on their opinions and lived experiences. Five participants were undergraduate students and six participants were postgraduate students. Data were analysed by thematic analysis and data was categorised into two themes. These themes were: ‘Lecturer Impact’ and ‘Autism Awareness and Acceptance’. ‘Lecturer Impact’ centred around both positive relationships participants had at university with their lecturers, and how they navigated ingrained stigmas about autism that some lecturers held. ‘Autism Awareness and Acceptance’ included the ways in which knowledge about autism in women and a reduction in stigma could be achieved at university, primarily by incorporating the voices of Autistic women students. The findings suggest that Autistic women students’ positive relationships with lecturers are key to success. This was supported by participants wanting their opinions and lived experience to be valued particularly to assist with raising a university culture of autism acceptance. An inclusive environment at university, including Autistic women students is needed to improve positive experiences at university. Lay abstract It is documented that more Autistic woman are becoming university students, but their experiences are not often explored. Eleven Autistic women students made artefacts (such as writing, paintings or poems) and took part in interviews to share their experiences at university. Five participants were undergraduate students and six participants were postgraduate students. The artefacts and words participants shared were looked at closely and some common themes were decided. How lecturers talk to Autistic women students was looked at. Participants said they were lucky if they met helpful lecturers. Also, autism acceptance was explored. Overall, how lecturers treat Autistic women at university is very important. Also, Autistic women students’ opinions about making university a more welcoming place need to be listened to.
Discourse strategies in multilingual families: A qualitative analysis of interviews with parents in the Netherlands
Authors: Tziampiri Theologia , Thieme Anne-Mieke M. M. , Verhagen Josje 
Published: July 2024

Background:Earlier studies have shown that parents may adopt various discourse strategies in response to children’s language mixing, which vary in the extent to which they encourage their child to speak a certain language. Specifically, when the child switches to another language during a conversation, parents may pretend not to understand the child, encourage the child to speak the original language of the conversation, or codeswitch to the other language. Existing work has typically studied the use of such discourse strategies through observations in case studies and focused mostly on child language outcomes.Aims:The aims of the current study are to examine (1) what discourse strategies parents use, (2) why they use them, and (3) how their use of these strategies relates to beliefs about child-rearing and attitudes towards multilingualism.Method and results:Qualitative data were collected through interviews with eight parents of multilingual children in the Netherlands. The results show that parents largely used strategies that encourage children to maintain the language of conversation, without putting too much pressure on the child. Parents’ reasons for using each of the strategies were diverse and related to, among others, parents’ ideologies about multilingual parenting and impact belief, children’s age, and the circumstances of the situation, such as the presence of other people and the child’s physical or emotional state.Conclusion:Taken together, these findings indicate that parents’ choice of strategies depends on a variety of psychological and contextual factors. As such, the findings provide a starting point for future more in-depth studies on how parents socialize their children to become multilingual language users.
Ocular sequelae of traumatic orbital fractures: A three-year epidemiological review within a Detroit hospital system
Authors: Miano Deanna Ingrassia , Williams Parker , Kuhary Jeff , Singhal Neena , Haidar Mohamad , Bhan Aishwarya 
Published: July 2024

Introduction Incidence of orbital fractures and associated ocular injuries has proven variable among literature worldwide. Such analysis has yet to be conducted in Detroit, Michigan. Due to the complexity and unpredictability of orbital fractures, we aim to further understand their epidemiology and association with ocular sequelae within this population. Methods This retrospective study analyzed 204 eyes of 187 patients over a three-year and seven-month period within a Detroit, Michigan hospital system. The incidence of ocular injuries resulting from computed tomography-confirmed orbital bone fractures was quantified and categorized based on patient demographic, fracture location, specific ocular injury, and need for surgical intervention with analysis. Results It was determined that 84.8% of orbital fracture patients sustained some form of ocular injury. Most fractures occurred within the city (55.1%), and most often occurred in males (63.6%). Fractures of the orbital floor were most often encountered. Commonly injured bones were maxillary, ethmoid, and zygomatic bones, respectively. Approximately one-third of patients with concurrent orbital fracture and ocular trauma sustained severe vision-threatening injury. These traumas are found to peak within summer months. Presence of retinal detachment is significantly related to orbital roof fractures, while maxillary bone fractures are associated with decreased incidences of retinal detachment. Approximately 23% of patients underwent immediate surgery for osseous fractures, while 3.26% of patients underwent immediate ocular surgical repair. Conclusion Our findings provide insight into the incidence of ocular injury in the setting of traumatic orbital fractures within a Midwest population. Both similarities and differences exist among our own results, and those of distinct geographical regions. These data shed light on Detroit's incidence of ocular sequelae in orbital fracture and contribute to a larger understanding of ocular and orbital trauma epidemiology.
Striking the Balance: Embracing Technology While Upholding Humanistic Principles in Neurorehabilitation
Authors: Ardaillon Hugo , Ribault Shams , Herault Caroline , Pisella Laure , Lechopier Nicolas , Reilly Karen T. , Rode Gilles 
Published: July 2024

Background The rapid advancement of technology-focused strategies in neurorehabilitation has brought optimism to individuals with neurological disorders, caregivers, and physicians while reshaping medical practice and training. Objectives We critically examine the implications of technology in neurorehabilitation, drawing on discussions from the 2021 and 2024 World Congress for NeuroRehabilitation. While acknowledging the value of technology, it highlights inherent limitations and ethical concerns, particularly regarding the potential overshadowing of humanistic approaches. The integration of technologies such as robotics, artificial intelligence, neuromodulation, and brain-computer interfaces enriches neurorehabilitation by offering interdisciplinary solutions. However, ethical considerations arise regarding the balance between compensation for deficits, accessibility of technologies, and their alignment with fundamental principles of care. Additionally, the pitfalls of relying solely on neuroimaging data are discussed, stressing the necessity for a more comprehensive understanding of individual variability and clinical skills in rehabilitation. Results From a clinical perspective, the article advocates for realistic solutions that prioritize individual needs, quality of life, and social inclusion over technological allure. It underscores the importance of modesty and honesty in responding to expectations while emphasizing the uniqueness of each individual’s experience. Moreover, it argues for the preservation of human-centric approaches alongside technological advancements, recognizing the invaluable role of clinical observation and human interaction in rehabilitation. Conclusion Ultimately, the article calls for a balanced attitude that integrates both scientific and humanistic perspectives in neurorehabilitation. It highlights the symbiotic relationship between the sciences and humanities, advocating for philosophical questioning to guide the ethical implementation of new technologies and foster interdisciplinary dialogue.