bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O papel dos instrumentos de gestão na conservação ambiental e na proteção dos modos de vida tradicionais
Authors: Tebet Guilherme , Casagrande Alana 
Published: August 2024

Considerando que as reservas extrativistas são um tipo especial de unidade de conservação que busca o duplo objetivo de garantir a conservação ambiental e proteger o modo de vida das populações tradicionais; que a Reserva Extrativista Pirajubaé foi a primeira criada em ambiente marinho, inserida em contexto socioambiental diverso dos seringais amazônicos; e que ela passou por mudanças no arranjo institucional de gestão, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o papel dos instrumentos de gestão na conservação ambiental e na proteção do modo de vida da população tradicional da RESEX Marinha Pirajubaé. Dentre os instrumentos de gestão analisados, estão as normativas de uso de recursos, o cadastro da população tradicional, o conselho deliberativo, entre outros. Foram realizadas pesquisas de campo, bibliográfica e documental. Resultados são discutidos em diálogo com referenciais da cogestão de recursos naturais e da socioantropologia da pesca. Observa-se baixo poder de decisão na escala local, uma vez que os instrumentos de gestão não vêm sendo suficientes para impedir impactos negativos decorrentes do processo de urbanização sobre os ecossistemas locais. Em relação Ã proteção dos modos de vida tradicionais, existem dificuldades de incorporação das dinâmicas socioculturais e econômicas da pesca artesanal na construção de alguns instrumentos, gerando conflitos que limitam avanços no diálogo entre Estado e comunidade pesqueira. A gestão participativa da RESEX Marinha Pirajubaé pode ser fortalecida mediante maior comprometimento com as demandas socioeconômicas da comunidade pesqueira, aumento do poder de deliberação em escala local e ampliação de articulação com atores e instituições parceiras.Â
Análise financeira da produção de Cernambi na Floresta Nacional Do Tapajós com a ferramenta Green Value
Authors: Humphries Shoana , Schons Stella , Carvalho de Andrade Dárlison Fernandes , Amaral de Andrade Roberta , Serrão Farias Abidon , De Campos Ferreira Leo Eduardo , McGrath David , Feitosa Rodriguez Arimar 
Published: August 2024

A produção e venda de produtos florestais não madeireiros por populações tradicionais dependentes de florestas constitui importante fonte de renda e susbsistência. As cooperativas têm apoiado de modo crescente essas atividades econômicas através da assistência técnica e/ou de ajuda no acesso a mercados. No entanto, há escassez de informação no que se refere aos custos e benefícios provenientes da extração de produtos florestais não madeireiros para a famílias e sobre as iniciativas de apoio implementadas por cooperativas. Esse tipo de análise é fundamental para o planejamento operacional, para a tomada de decisões futuras e, assim, para a sustentabilidade financeira da atividade extrativista. Apresentamos uma análise financeira da produção de cernambi (borracha natural coagulada extraída da espécie arbórea Hevea brasiliensis) por famílias que habitam o interior e o entorno da Floresta Nacional do Tapajós e que são apoiadas pela Cooperativa Mista da Floresta Nacional do Tapajós -- COOMFLONA na região Oeste do Pará. A análise é realizada com base na metodologia "Green Value: Uma ferramenta para a análise financeira simplificada de iniciativas florestais" desenvolvida especificamente para uso de empreendimentos florestais comunitários. Nossos resultados mostram que a produção de cernambi, Ã época da análise, era rentável e constituía importante fonte de renda para o produtor familiar. Porém, a rentabilidade do produtor dependia do apoio da COOMFLONA na etapa de comercialização e escoamento, cuja rentabilidade mostrou-se negativa. A análise permitiu a avaliação de vários cenários alternativos assim como a identificação dos gargalos da produção e uma discussão em torno de soluções potenciais.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Multi Representasi dengan Model Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Konsep Kalor
Authors: Talib Armini Haji , Amiroh Dewi 
Published: August 2024

Penguasaan konsep yang rendah akan mengakibatkan siswa mengalami kesulitan belajar, terutama pada materi Fisika yang mendasar yaitu materi kalor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan berapa besar pengaruh pendekatan multi representasi dengan model discovery learning untuk meningkatkan penguasaan konsep siswa pada materi kalor dan perpindahan kalor. Jenis penelitian yaitu quasi-experiment dengan desain penelitian pretest-posttest control group design. Hasil perhitungan data diperoleh thit Â ttab yaitu 37,39 Â 2,008 dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Perhitungan N-gain diperoleh hasil 0,19 kelas eksperimen dan 0,07 kelas kontrol. Besar pengaruh pendekatan multi representasi dengan model discovery learning diuji dengan menggunakan effect size yaitu 2,74. Hal ini bisa disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh pendekatan multi representasi dengan model discovery learning untuk meningkatkan penguasaan konsep siswa.
Penghulu's Assistance in Providing Premarital Guidance to Realize a Sakinah Mawaddah Warahmah (Samara) Family at KUA Tanjung Morawa
Authors: Risma Ade , Ritonga Elfi Yanti , Ritonga Elfi Yanti 
Published: August 2024

This assistance aims to analyze Penghulu's Islamic Communication Assistance Strategy in Providing Premarital Guidance to Create a Sakinah Mawaddah Warahmah (Samara) Family in Kua Tanjung Morawa. The approach uses PAR (Participatory Action Research). The Islamic communication assistance strategy implemented by the headmen at KUA Tanjung Morawa in providing pre-marital guidance plays a very important role in creating a Sakinah Mawaddah Warahmah (SAMARA) family. The approach used includes a deep understanding of Islamic values, effective communication techniques, as well as empathy and emotional support for prospective bride and groom couples. Through structured guidance and based on Islamic principles, the bride and groom are able to help prospective bride and groom couples understand the importance of commitment, mutual understanding and cooperation in building a harmonious family, so that the goal of achieving a sakinah, mawaddah and warahmah family can be realized more fully real.
ANALISIS FENOMENA MAHASISWA AMBIS PADA INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL LIBRARY
Authors: Anindita, N  , Mayasari  , Nur Larasati, N  , Chrismanto, R.A.  , Chrismanto Tri Nathalia Palupi 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena mahasiswa ambis pada International Virtual Library. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode wawancara semi-terstruktur. Penelitian ini melibatkan 4 responden. Responden tersebut berusia diantara 18-23 tahun dan pengguna International Virtual Library dan berasal dari berbagai negara. Yang secara aktif berpartisipasi menggunakan platform Bindr.uk. Penelitian diawali dengan observasi dimana pada tahap observasi ini peneliti berusaha untuk memahami perilaku pengguna International Virtual Library. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mencari kemungkinan permasalahan dan menentukan subjek yang tepat untuk dijadikan subjek wawancara. Hasil wawancara menunjukan bahwa responden memiliki motivasi belajar yang tinggi ketika berada di Bindr.uk karena adanya dukungan sosial dari teman – teman di platform Bindr.uk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara mahasiswa ambis dengan motivasi belajar pada International Virtual Library. Hal inilah yang memungkinkan Bindr.uk membantu mahasiswa fokus belajar dimasa pandemi Kata Kunci: Mahasiswa Ambis, Motivasi Belajar, International Virtual Library
Electrostatic Modeling of Dust Impact Signals Based on the Expanding Plasma Cloud
Authors: Wu Han , Ye Shengyi , Chen Tao , Wang Jian , Wang Guangzhou 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Signals generated by dust impacting spacecraft can be detected by electric field instruments. These signals have been simulated by numerous models. However, few models can accurately characterize the expansion of the plasma cloud generated by dust impact. The COMSOL model presented in this paper provides a way to understand the expansion properties of ions and electrons. The model can also be used to analyze the various expected waveforms of dust impact signals as a function of different parameters, such as the spacecraft voltage and the ambient plasma temperature. The results show that close to 50% of ions and electrons in the impact plasma cloud are collected by spacecraft at weak spacecraft potentials and that a fraction of the ions is still collected rather than all of them streaming away from the impact location at V
SC > 0 V. The model also confirms that in the expanding plasma cloud, ions are in the form of plumes, while electrons diffuse in an isotropic manner.
Single-pulse Gamma-Ray Bursts Have Prevalent Hard-to-soft Spectral Evolution
Authors: Busby Ian , Lazzati Davide 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We analyze the spectral evolution of 62 bright Fermi gamma-ray bursts with large enough signal-to-noise to allow for time-resolved spectral analysis. We develop a new algorithm to test for single-pulse morphology that is insensitive to the specific shape of pulses. Instead, it only checks whether or not there are multiple, isolated, or statistical significant peaks in the light curve. In addition, we carry out a citizen science test to assess light-curve morphology and spectral evolution. We find that, no matter the adopted assessment method, bursts characterized by single-peaked prompt emission light curves have a greater tendency to also have a consistently decaying peak energy or hard-to-soft spectral evolution. This contrasts with the behavior of multipeaked bursts, for which the tendency is to have a peak frequency that is not monotonically decreasing. We discuss this finding in the theoretical framework of internal/external shocks and find it to be consistent with at least some single-pulse bursts associated with particularly high-density environments.
Differential Rotation of CoRoT Stars and a Kepler Binary Star from Starspot Transit Mapping
Authors: Valio Adriana , Araújo Alexandre , Menezes Fabian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
While direct magnetic field measurements are rare for slowly rotating stars, spots observed during planetary transits provide a potential indicator of magnetic activity on stellar surfaces. Moreover, the rotation of the stellar surface can be probed by monitoring the spots’ position with time in subsequent transits. This study investigates the dynamic interplay of rotational shear and stellar rotation rate in six stars of spectral types F to M, all hosting exoplanets observed by the CoRoT space mission, except for one binary star from Kepler. The analysis, facilitated by the ECLIPSE code, unveils the physical properties of stellar spots, including radius, intensity, temperature, and position. The five CoRoT stars exhibit spot characteristics consistent with those observed in solar type stars. The determination of a spot longitude during different transits allows for the inference of the star’s differential rotation profile, revealing a decreasing trend of rotational shear with the mean stellar rotation period, given by

Δ
Ω
∝

P

¯

−
0.9

. This implies that, at least for slow rotators (mean rotation period >5 days), as stars age, their differential rotation decreases. Additionally, the six stars analyzed here seem to fall into two categories, according to their spot flux deficit: those with ΔF
spot > 0.005 and those with ΔF
spot < 0.002.
Research-informed translation of mental strategy teaching materials into isiXhosa
Authors: Booi Tabisa , Vale Pamela , Graven Mellony H. 
Published: August 2024

Background: This article critically examines the nature of isiXhosa translations in mathematics learning materials, specifically focusing on the doubling and halving unit within the ‘South African Grade 3 Mental Starters Assessment Project (MSAP): Teacher Guide’. Teaching in home languages is encouraged in the Foundation Phase, but unfamiliar standardised isiXhosa translations in support materials often contain barriers to understanding and/or distortion in meaning.Aim: The article addresses three questions: (1) To what extent is there fidelity and alignment of the translated isiXhosa materials to the original mathematical meaning? (2) To what extent do the selected terms align with the everyday isiXhosa that learners are accustomed to? (3) What are the implications for future translation of such materials?Setting: Analysis of the isiXhosa translation of a doubling and halving teaching unit and adapted translation for use in a Grade 3 classroom in the Eastern Cape.Methods: This qualitative research uses Toury’s Descriptive Translation Studies theory.Results: The findings highlight several ambiguities and incoherent translations. The article advocates for a comprehensive approach to translation, emphasising the importance of maintaining conceptual fidelity and clarity.Conclusion: The authors suggest the need for transliteration techniques in translations to support teacher and learner access to mathematical sense-making.Contribution: This research provides insights for translators of materials and implications for teachers, proposing an approach to translation. In particular, it argues that the involvement of Foundation Phase teachers in the translation of such materials is crucial.
Sperm RNA quantity and PRM1, PRM2, and TH2B transcript levels reflect sperm characteristics and early embryonic development
Authors: Ozsait-Selcuk Bilge , Bulgurcuoglu-Kuran Sibel , Sever-Kaya Dilek , Coban Neslihan , Aktan Gulsen , Kadioglu Ates 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Spermatozoa have a highly complex RNA profile. Several of these transcripts are suggested as biomarkers for male infertility and contribute to early development. To analyze the differences between sperm RNA quantity and expression of protamine (PRM1 and PRM2) and testis-specific histone 2B (TH2B) genes, spermatozoa from 33 patients who enrolled in assisted reproduction treatment (ART) program were analyzed. Sperm RNA of teratozoospermic (T), oligoteratozoospermic (OT), and normozoospermic (N) samples was extracted, and the differences in transcript levels among the study groups were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlations of total RNA per spermatozoon and the expression of the transcripts were evaluated in relation to sperm characteristics and preimplantation embryo development. The mean (±standard deviation) RNA amount per spermatozoon was 28.48 (±23.03) femtogram in the overall group and was significantly higher in the OT group than that in N and T groups. Total sperm RNA and gene expression of PRM1 and PRM2 genes were related to preimplantation embryo development and developmental arrest. Specific sperm characteristics were correlated with the expressions of PRM1, PRM2, or TH2B genes. We conclude that the sperm RNA amount and composition are important factors and might influence early embryonic development and also differ in different cases of male infertility.
Factors affecting patency time and semen quality in a single-armed microsurgical vasoepididymostomy
Authors: Tang Song-Xi , Xiao Hong , Chen Qiang , Ding Yi-Lang , Yang Peng , Huang Hai-Lin , Chen Xi , Zhou Shan , Zhu Hui-Xin , Zhou Hui-Liang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Although microsurgical vasoepididymostomy (MVE) is an effective treatment for epididymal obstructive azoospermia, some patients may experience delayed patency or suboptimal semen parameters after patency. However, research into patency time, semen quality postpatency, and associated influencing factors remains limited. This study aimed to address these issues by evaluating 181 patients who underwent at least one-sided MVE employing asingle-armed longitudinal intussusception vasoepididymostomy technique, with a follow-up period of over 12 months for 150 patients. The overall patency rate was 75.3%, with 86.0% of patients achieving patency within 6 months following MVE. Unexpectedly, factors such as age, history of epididymitis, duration of surgery, side of anastomosis, sperm motility in epididymal fluid, and the site of anastomosis showed no correlation with patency time. Nonetheless, our univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that only the site of anastomosis was positively correlated with and could independently predict postoperative total motile sperm count. Therefore, the site of anastomosis might serve as a predictor for optimal postoperative semen quality following the MVE procedure.
Combined vitrectomy and scleral buckle versus vitrectomy with heavy silicone oil tamponade in the management of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Abdel Hafez Mahmoud A.M. , Borhan Nahla , Attya Mohamed , Zayed Mohamed A. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The aim was to compare the anatomical and functional success between combined scleral buckling with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and PPV with heavy silicone oil (HSO) tamponade in treating inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade C in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Patients and methods
A nonrandomized comparative study was performed on 33 eyes of 33 patients presenting with inferior PVR grade C complicating primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Sixteen eyes underwent PPV with the HSO tamponade namely Densiron 68 that were classified as the heavy-oil group; 17 eyes underwent combined PPV with an encircling 240-band that were classified as the buckle-vitrectomy group. The aim was to achieve anatomical retinal reattachment in the absence of intraocular tamponade. Silicone oil (SO) was removed after 8 weeks in both groups. All patients were evaluated for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure by the end of the first week, first and second months in oil-filled eyes; by the end of the first and third months post-SO removal was achieved.

Results
Successful primary retinal reattachment was achieved in 87.5% in the heavy-oil group and in 94.1% in the buckle-vitrectomy group, which showed no statistical difference (P=0.47) in these groups. Both groups showed a statistically significant improvement in BCVA after surgery. A significant difference in BCVA in the two groups on the eighth follow-up week after primary surgery (P=0.015) and on the 4th follow-up week after SO removal (P=0.031) was found; but at the 12th week post-SO removal there was no significant difference found between both groups (P=0.056). The mean surgical time was 96.25±13.478 and 116.47±12.4 min for the heavy-oil and buckle-vitrectomy groups, respectively, with a P value less than 0.001.

Conclusion
Managing inferior PVR either by PPV and HSO or by PPV and an encircling band achieved the same anatomical and functional reuslts. Although the surgical time was much faster in the heavy-oil group, the surgical costs were much higher.
Visual and refractive outcomes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and femto-SMILE (small-incision lenticule extraction) for Myopia
Authors: Elashmawy Maram M.M. , Elsaadany Mohamed M.K. , Hasby Hisham A. , Elbedewy Hazem A. 
Published: August 2024

Background
The objective of refractive surgery is to lessen the patient’s reliance on contact lenses or glasses for everyday activities. Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) is a popular surgical procedure that reshapes the cornea in individuals with refractive errors in order to enhance their vision. PRK differs from previous laser-based eye operations in that there are no corneal incisions created during the procedure.

Objective
To compare the visual and refractive outcomes following PRK and femto-small-incision Lenticule extraction (SMILE) for myopic patients.

Patients and methods
This retrospective comparative research was conducted in Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine–Tanta University on 80 eyes (of 40 cases) who underwent Corneal Refractive Surgery. They were equally allocated into two groups; PRK group and 2- femto-SMILE group. They were compared before surgery and 6 months after surgery for clinical and topographical outcomes.

Results
There was a significant difference between both groups as regard of Postoperative UCVA, Degree of Myopia before and after surgery, and Analysis of thinnest location. There were no significant difference between both groups as regard of demographic data or degree of Astigmatism.

Conclusion
After 6 months of surgery, the visual outcome of PRK was better than femto-SMILE, however, femto- SMILE was more effective in astigmatic correction compared with PRK.
Incidence and Sequelae of Macular Edema Post Pan-retinal Photocoagulation for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Makled Hebatalla S. , ElZawahry Shaza M , Albalkini Ahmed Saad , Khattab Ayman M , Nossair Ashraf Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
To study the incidence and sequelae of macular edema after Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Patients and Methods
A prospective interventional clinical study included 42 eyes treated by PRP, for proliferative diabetic retinopathy over three sessions on three consecutive weeks. Baseline and 1-month postoperative data were collected including best-corrected visual acuity, detailed fundus examination and Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Macula (SD-OCT); to assess the Central Subfield Macular Thickness (CSMT) using the ETDRS Map.

Results
Forty-two eyes of 31 patients were included in the study with mean duration of diabetes of 16.9±5.7 years and mean HbA1c of 9.1±1.4. Mean pre-PRP vision was 0.44±0.2 log units, which improved to 0.41±0.2 log units (P=0.6). Mean pre-laser CSMT was 245.6±25.5 µm, which increased to 265.5±33.5 µm at 1-month follow-up after PRP (P=0.003). Four eyes (9.5%) had CSMT more than 300 µm with intraretinal edema. The mean change and percentage of change from baseline in CSMT between those patients and remaining patient were statistically insignificant (P=0.055 and 0.115 respectively). Changes in CSMT and changes in Log MAR BCVA at 4-week follow-up were inversely correlated.

Conclusion
Macular edema can be an unavoidable side effect of PRP especially in cases with baseline increased macular thickness. Vision is mostly not affected by PRP, however, changes in vision may be directly affected by macular thickness post-PRP.