bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic Anastomotic Leakage after Pancreaticoduodenectomy. Risk factors, Clinical predictors, and Management (Single Center Experience)
Authors: El Nakeeb Ayman , Salah Tarek , Sultan Ahmad , El Hemaly Mohamed , Askr Waleed , Ezzat Helmy , Hamdy Emad , Atef Ehab , El Hanafy Ehab , El‐Geidie Ahmed , Abdel Wahab Mohamed , Abdallah Talaat 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) remains a challenge even at high‐volume centers.MethodsThis study was designed to analyze perioperative risk factors for POPF after PD and evaluate the factors that predict the extent and severity of leak. Demographic data, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were collected.ResultsA total of 471 consecutive patients underwent PD in our center. Fifty‐seven patients (12.1 %) developed a POPF of any type; 21 patients (4.5 %) had a fistula type A, 22 patients (4.7 %) had a fistula type B, and the remaining 14 patients (3 %) had a POPF type C. Cirrhotic liver (P = 0.05), BMI > 25 kg/m2 (P = 0.0001), soft pancreas (P = 0.04), pancreatic duct diameter <3 mm (0.0001), pancreatic duct located <3 mm from the posterior border (P = 0.02) were significantly associated with POPF. With the multivariate analysis, both BMI and pancreatic duct diameter were demonstrated to be independent factors. The hospital mortality in this series was 11 patients (2.3 %), and the development of POPF type C was associated with a significantly increased mortality (7/14 patients). The following factors were predictors of clinically evident POPF: a postoperative day (POD) 1 and 5 drain amylase level >4,000 IU/L, WBC, pancreatic duct diameter <3 mm, and pancreatic texture.ConclusionsCirrhotic liver, BMI, soft pancreas, pancreatic duct diameter <3 mm, pancreatic duct near the posterior border are risk factors for development of POPF. In addition a drain amylase level >4,000 IU/L on POD 1 and 5, WBC, pancreatic duct diameter, pancreatic texture may be predictors of POPF B, C.
Examining the impact of information technology and patient flow on healthcare performance: A Theory of Swift and Even Flow (TSEF) perspective
Authors: Devaraj Sarv , Ow Terence T. , Kohli Rajiv 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe impact of information technologies on manufacturing operations and performance is well established. However, scant research has been devoted to examining information technology (IT) investment among hospitals and how it influences patient care and financial performance. Using the lens of the Theory of Swift Even Flow (TSEF), we present an operations management‐based perspective on the effect of IT in streamlining hospital operations. Specifically, we examined the role of IT on patient flow and its consequences for improved hospital efficiency and performance.Analysis of data from 567 U.S. hospitals shows that IT is associated with swift and even patient flow, which in turn is associated with improved revenues. Interestingly, we find that the improvement in financial performance is not at the expense of quality because we find similar effects of IT and patient flow in improvements in the quality of patient care. Further, we observed differential effects of swift flow and even flow on various measures of hospital performance. Although swift flow affects financial performance, even flow primarily affects quality performance. Taken together, they have a mutually reinforcing overall impact on hospital performance.The implications of these findings for hospital decision makers are that patient flow is an important mediating variable that is affected by IT and can significantly affect the quality of patient care and financial performance.
Monitoring apoptosis and Bcl‐2 on circulating tumor cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Smerage Jeffrey B. , Budd G. Thomas , Doyle Gerald V. , Brown Marty , Paoletti Costanza , Muniz Maria , Miller M. Craig , Repollet Madeline I. , Chianese David A. , Connelly Mark C. , Terstappen Leon W.W.M. , Hayes Daniel F. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundEnumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTC) from whole blood permits monitoring of patients with breast carcinoma. Analysis of apoptosis & Bcl‐2 expression in CTC might add additional prognostic and predictive information. We estimated the degree of these markers in CTC from patients being treated for metastatic breast cancer.MethodsEighty‐three evaluable patients initiating a new therapy for metastatic breast cancer were enrolled. Whole blood was collected at baseline, at one of three short term time windows (24, 48, or 72 h) after initiating treatment, and at first follow‐up (3–5 weeks). CTC were isolated, enumerated, and expression of M30 and Bcl2 was determined using the CellSearch® System.ResultsAt baseline, window, and 3–5 weeks post‐treatment, 41/80 (51%), 40/80 (50%) and 21/75 (28%) patients had ≥5 CTC, respectively. At baseline, the proportion of CTC‐apoptosis (M30) was inversely correlated with CTC number, and modestly inversely correlated with CTC‐Bcl‐2. As expected, higher CTC levels at baseline or first follow‐up were associated with worse prognosis. Surprisingly, in patients with elevated CTC, higher levels of CTC‐apoptosis were associated with worse prognosis, while higher CTC‐Bcl‐2 levels correlated with better outcomes.ConclusionsCTC apoptosis and expression of Bcl‐2 can be analytically determined in patients with metastatic breast cancer and may have biological and clinical implications. Characterization of CTC for these and other markers could further increase the utility of CTC monitoring patients in clinical investigations of new anti‐neoplastic agents.
The isotope composition of Hf in zircon from Paleoarchean plagiogneisses and plagiogranitoids of the Sharyzhalgai uplift (southern Siberian craton): implications for the continental-crust growth
Authors: Turkina O.M. , Kapitonov I.N. , Sergeev S.A. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This paper presents results of U–Pb dating (SHRIMP-II) and Lu–Hf (LA–ICP MS) isotope study of zircon from Paleoarchean plagiogneisses and plagiogranitoids of the Onot and Bulun blocks of the Sharyzhalgai uplift. Magmatic zircons from the Onot plagiogneiss and Bulun gneissic trondhjemite are dated at 3388 ± 11 and 3311 ± 16 Ma, respectively. Magmatic zircons from plagiogneisses and plagiogranitoids of the studied tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) complexes are characterized mainly by positive values of εHf indicating that felsic melts were generated mainly from juvenile (mafic) sources, which are derived from a depleted mantle reservoir. The variable Hf isotope composition in magmatic zircons and the lower average εHf values in comparison with the depleted mantle values suggest the contributions of both mafic and more ancient crustal sources to magma formation. Metamorphic zircons from the gneissic plagiogranite and migmatized plagiogneiss either inherited the Hf isotope composition from magmatic zircon or are enriched in radiogenic Hf. The more radiogenic Hf isotope composition of metamorphic zircons from the migmatized plagiogneisses is due to their interaction with melt during partial melting. Variations in the Lu–Hf isotope composition of zircon from the Bulun rocks in the period 3.33–3.20 Ga are due to the successive melting of mafic crust or the growing contribution of crustal material to their genesis. Correlation between the Lu–Hf isotope characteristics of zircon and the Sm–Nd parameters of the Onot plagiogneisses points to the contribution of ancient crustal material to their formation. The bimodal distribution of the model Hf ages of zircons reflects two stages of crustal growth in the Paleoarchean: 3.45–3.60 and ~ 3.35 Ga. The isotope characteristics of zircon and rocks of the TTG complexes, pointing to recycling of crustal material, argue for the formation of plagiogneisses and plagiogranitoids as a result of melting of heterogeneous (mafic and more ancient crustal) sources in the thickened crust.
Variation of topological pressure and dimension: from polynomials to complex Hénon maps
Authors: WOLF CHRISTIAN 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe study the topological pressure and dimension theory of complex Hénon maps which are small perturbations of one-dimensional polynomials. In particular, we derive regularity results for the generalized pressure function in a neighborhood of the degenerate map (i.e. the polynomial). This unifies results concerning the regularity of the pressure function for polynomials by Ruelle and for complex Hénon maps by Verjovsky and Wu. We then apply this regularity to show that the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set is a continuous non-differentiable function in a neighborhood of the polynomial. Furthermore, we establish uniqueness of the measure of maximal dimension and show that the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set of a complex Hénon map is discontinuous at the boundary of the hyperbolicity locus.
Ultra-fast escape of a deformable jet-propelled body
Authors: Weymouth G. D. , Triantafyllou M. S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this work a cephalopod-like deformable body that fills an internal cavity with fluid and expels it to propel an escape manoeuvre, while undergoing a drastic external shape change through shrinking, is shown to employ viscous as well as mainly inviscid hydrodynamic mechanisms to power an impressively fast start. First, we show that recovery of added-mass energy enables a shrinking rocket in a dense inviscid flow to achieve greater escape speed than an identical rocket in a vacuum. Next, we extend the shrinking body results of Weymouth & Triantafyllou (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 702, 2012, pp. 470–487) to three-dimensional bodies and show that three hydrodynamic mechanisms must be combined to achieve rapid escape performance in a viscous fluid: added-mass energy recovery; flow separation elimination; and an optimized energy storage and recovery. In particular, we show that the mechanism of separation elimination achieved through rapid body shrinking, coordinated with the mechanism of recovering the initially imparted added-mass energy, is critical to achieving a high escape speed. Hence a flexible, collapsing body can be vastly superior to a rigid-shell jet-propelled body.
Association between self-reported sleep duration and dietary quality in European adolescents
Authors: Bel Sarah , Michels Nathalie , De Vriendt Tineke , Patterson Emma , Cuenca-García Magdalena , Diethelm Katharina , Gutin Bernard , Grammatikaki Evangelia , Manios Yannis , Leclercq Catherine , Ortega Francisco B. , Moreno Luis A. , Gottrand Frederic , Gonzalez-Gross Marcela , Widhalm Kurt , Kafatos Anthony , Garaulet Marta , Molnar Denes , Kaufman Jean-Marc , Gilbert Chantal C. , Hallström Lena , Sjöström Michael , Marcos Ascensión , De Henauw Stefaan , Huybrechts Inge 
Published: March 2013

Evidence has grown supporting the role for short sleep duration as an independent risk factor for weight gain and obesity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between sleep duration and dietary quality in European adolescents. The sample consisted of 1522 adolescents (aged 12·5–17·5 years) participating in the European multi-centre cross-sectional ‘Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence’ study. Sleep duration was estimated by a self-reported questionnaire. Dietary intake was assessed by two 24 h recalls. The Diet Quality Index for Adolescents with Meal index (DQI-AM) was used to calculate overall dietary quality, considering the components dietary equilibrium, dietary diversity, dietary quality and a meal index. An average sleep duration of ≥ 9 h was classified as optimal, between 8 and 9 h as borderline insufficient and < 8 h as insufficient. Sleep duration and the DQI-AM score were positively associated (β = 0·027, r 0·130, P< 0·001). Adolescents with insufficient (62·05 (sd 14·18)) and borderline insufficient sleep (64·25 (sd 12·87)) scored lower on the DQI-AM than adolescents with an optimal sleep duration (64·57 (sd 12·39)) (P< 0·001; P= 0·018). The present study demonstrated in European adolescents that short sleep duration was associated with a lower dietary quality. This supports the hypothesis that the health consequences of insufficient sleep may be mediated by the relationship of insufficient sleep to poor dietary quality.
The spatial organization and extraction of the wall-forming bodies ofEimeria maxima
Authors: FRÖLICH SONJA , JOHNSON MICHAEL , ROBINSON MICHELLE , ENTZEROTH ROLF , WALLACH MICHAEL 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYEimeria maximahas been used as a model apicomplexan parasite to study sexual stage development and oocyst wall formation. A complete understanding of the wall's biochemical and biophysical properties is of great interest in research on all apicomplexan parasites. Purified gametocytes, zygotes and oocysts were analysed by three-dimensional confocal microscopy, and wide-field fluorescent microscopy was used to investigate the appearance and spatial organization of the 2 types of wall-forming bodies (WFBs). In addition, a variety of staining procedures and immunoassays were used to assess the biosynthesis, metabolic activity, intactness and molecular composition of the WFBsin situ. WFBs were extracted from gametocytes/zygotes and their composition was assessed by microscopy and SDS-PAGE analysis. It was concluded that isolated gametocytes are intact and metabolically active. Additionally, it was observed that the Type 1 WFBs are aligned at the periphery of the parasite and fuse together producing neutral lipid rich patches that appear to be inserted into the space between 2 parasite-specific membranes. Finally, it was shown that the WFBs extracted from purified gametocytes had the same shape, size and staining properties as those observedin situ, and contained the major glycoprotein antigens known to be present in these organelles.
Leisure-time physical activity over the life course and cognitive functioning in late mid-adult years: a cohort-based investigation
Authors: Dregan A. , Gulliford M. C. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundThe objective of the present study was to estimate the association between different leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) parameters from 11 to 50 years and cognitive functioning in late mid-adulthood.MethodThe study used a prospective birth cohort study including participants in the UK National Child Development Study (NCDS) from age 11 to 50 years. Standardized z scores for cognitive, memory and executive functioning at age 50 represented the primary outcome measures. Exposures included self-reported LTPA at ages 11, 16, 33, 42, 46 and 50 years. Analyses were adjusted for important confounders including educational attainment and long-standing illness.ResultsThe adjusted difference in cognition score between women who reported LTPA for at least 4 days/week in five surveys or more and those who never reported LTPA for at least 4 days/week was 0.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20–0.35], 0.10 (95% CI 0.01–0.19) for memory score and 0.30 (95% CI 0.23–0.38) for executive functioning score. For men, the equivalent differences were: cognition 0.12 (95% CI 0.05–0.18), memory 0.06 (95% CI − 0.02 to 0.14) and executive functioning 0.16 (95% CI 0.10–0.23).ConclusionsThis study provides novel evidence about the lifelong association between LTPA and memory and executive functioning in mid-adult years. Participation in low-frequency and low-intensity LTPA was positively associated with cognitive functioning in late mid-adult years for men and women. The greatest benefit emerged from participating in lifelong intensive LTPA.
Provenance of basement erratics in Quaternary coastal moraines, southern McMurdo Sound, and implications for the source of Eocene sedimentary rocks
Authors: Talarico F.M. , Pace D. , Levy R.H. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis paper summarizes fieldwork conducted in 2007 and presents results of petrographical analyses of basement rocks that occur along with fossil-rich Eocene sedimentary erratics in moraines along the north-east flank of Mount Discovery in southern McMurdo Sound. The Eocene rocks are significant as they provide a rare glimpse into greenhouse environments at high southern latitudes. Basement erratics recovered from the moraines are petrographically similar to metamorphic and igneous rocks exposed in the Transantarctic Mountains at locations between the Carlyon and Skelton glaciers and/or within the drainage catchments of Mulock and Skelton glaciers. These new clast provenance data imply that the Eocene sedimentary erratics are most likely derived from outcrops that are currently located beneath the Ross Ice Shelf south and/or immediately east of Minna Bluff. The suite of basement and sedimentary erratics were transported to their present location by ice that flowed north-eastwards from the Skelton-Mulock region and was pushed westwards into southern McMurdo Sound by grounded ice flowing north from West Antarctica. Results from this study support prior reconstructions of ice flow during peak glacial intervals during the Miocene–Pleistocene including the Last Glacial Maximum.
Rapid change in shallow water fish species composition in an historically stable Antarctic environment
Authors: Buckley Bradley A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMcMurdo Sound, Antarctica, is home to a unique marine biota with an ecology that has evolved in this frigid environment over millions of years. The region is one of the least disturbed, and possibly the last pristine, marine ecosystem on Earth. Here, the results of three seasons of fishing in the shallow nearshore waters of McMurdo Sound are reported. A shift in the composition of small fish species at one site, Inaccessible Island, has been observed in just five years. The shift in shallow water species composition occurred during a period that followed the maturation of a commercial fishery for the Antarctic toothfish,Dissostichus mawsoniNorman, a predator of smaller fish, and the presence of a large iceberg, termed B-15, at the mouth of McMurdo Sound during the early 2000s that trapped the annual sea ice in the area leading to the unusual accrual of multi-year sea ice. The data presented here provide a current record of species composition and physiological condition of small, shallow water fishes at three sites in McMurdo Sound, providing a current baseline for the assessment of future changes wrought by environmental changes and unprecedented fishery pressures in the Ross Sea.
THE ORIGINS OF THEKALĀMMODEL OF DISCUSSION ON THE CONCEPT OFTAWḤĪD
Authors: Aradi Naomi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe concept oftawḥīd(unity of God) is a central issue inKalāmtheological treatises. The discussion devoted to this concept follows a typical structure, a fact that has been recognized by scholars in the past. Shlomo Pines points to the similarity between theKalāmmodel of discussion and the structure of John Damascene's (d. 750)De Fide Orthodoxa. Pines suggested that it may indicate the profound impact of Christian theology on MuʿtaziliteKalām. Ulrich Rudolph adds two important pieces of evidence to the discussion: He analyzes Abū Manṣūr al-Māturīdī al-Samarqandī's (d. 944)Kitāb al-Tawḥīdand the Jacobite Moses bar-Kepha's (d. 903) introduction to his Hexaemeron, and argues that the structural and conceptual affinity between them actually indicates an opposite direction of influence than the one suggested by Pines. According to Rudolph, the similarity of the two treatises shows they were written as an imitation of an older Muʿtazilite book, which constituted a prototype for the discussion on the concept oftawḥīd. This paper will challenge Rudolph's thesis in two ways, first by questioning his arguments concerning the sources of theKitāb al-Tawḥīd, and second by suggesting an alternative assumption, which will strengthen Pines's theory regarding the development of theKalāmmodel of discussion. Through a comparative structural analysis of the works of Māturīdī and bar-Kepha, together with some fragments of earlier Jewish and Christian commentaries on Genesis, will rise the possibility that this model of discussion existed first in the Christian exegetical treatises assigned to Genesis and had already developed before it appeared in theKalāmworks.
When Disaster Strikes: Responding to the Needs of Children
Authors: Gurwitch Robin H. , Kees Michelle , Becker Steven M. , Schreiber Merritt , Pfefferbaum Betty , Diamond Dickson 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWhen a disaster strikes, parents are quick to seek out the medical advice and reassurance of their primary care physician, pediatrician, or in the case of an emergency, an emergency department physician. As physicians often are the first line of responders following a disaster, it is important that they have a thorough understanding of children's responses to trauma and disaster and of recommended practices for screening and intervention. In collaboration with mental health professionals, the needs of children and families can be addressed. Policy-makers and systems of care hold great responsibility for resource allocation, and also are well-placed to understand the impact of trauma and disaster on children and children's unique needs in such situations.
Eating location is associated with the nutritional quality of the diet in Norwegian adults
Authors: Myhre Jannicke B , Løken Elin B , Wandel Margareta , Andersen Lene F 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo study the association between dinner eating location and the nutritional quality of the specific dinner meal and the whole-day dietary intake and to compare the diets of those consuming ≥25 % of energy out of home and at school/work (SOH; substantial out-of-home eaters) with those consuming <25 % of energy out (NSOH; non-substantial out-of-home eaters).DesignCross-sectional dietary survey using two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Recorded eating locations were at home, other private households, work/school, restaurant/cafeteria/fast-food outlet and travel/meeting.SettingNationwide, Norway (2010–2011).SubjectsAdults aged 18–70 years (n1746).ResultsDinners at restaurants and other private households were higher in energy than home dinners (P< 0·01). Restaurant dinners contained less fibre (g/MJ;P< 0·01) and had a higher percentage of alcohol consumers (P< 0·05), while dinners at other private households had a higher percentage of energy from sugar (P< 0·001) and a higher percentage of consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages (P< 0·05) than home dinners. Most differences between dinners consumed at different eating locations were also observed in dietary intakes for the whole day. SOH-eaters had a higher energy intake (P< 0·01), a higher percentage of energy from sugar (P< 0·01) and a lower fibre intake (P< 0·01) than NSOH-eaters. The percentages of consumers of alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages were higher (P< 0·01) among SOH-eaters.ConclusionsDinner eating location was significantly associated with the nutritional quality of the diet, both for the specific dinner meal and for whole-day intake. Our data generally point to healthier dinners being consumed at home. SOH-eaters had a less favourable dietary intake than NSOH-eaters.