bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhythmic neuronal activity in S2 somatosensory and insular cortices contribute to the initiation of absence‐related spike‐and‐wave discharges
Authors: Zheng Thomas W. , O’Brien Terence J. , Morris Margaret J. , Reid Christopher A. , Jovanovska Valentina , O’Brien Patrick , van Raay Leena , Gandrathi Arun K. , Pinault Didier 
Published: October 2012

SummaryPurpose:  The origin of bilateral synchronous spike‐and‐wave discharges (SWDs) that underlie absence seizures has been widely debated. Studies in genetic rodent models suggest that SWDs originate from a restricted region in the somatosensory cortex. The properties of this initiation site remain unknown. Our goal was to characterize the interictal, preictal and ictal neuronal activity in the primary and secondary cortical regions (S1, S2) and in the adjacent insular cortex (IC) in Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS).Methods:  We performed electroencephalography (EEG) recordings in combination with multisite local field potential (LFP) and single cell juxtacellular recordings, and cortical electrical stimulations, in freely moving rats and those under neurolept‐anesthesia.Key Findings:  The onset of the SWDs was preceded by 5–9 Hz field potential oscillations, which were detected earlier in S2 and IC than in S1. Sustained SWDs could be triggered by a 2‐s train of 7‐Hz electrical stimuli at a lower current intensity in S2 than in S1. In S2 and IC, subsets of neurons displayed rhythmic firing (5–9 Hz) in between seizures. S2 and IC layers V and VI neurons fired during the same time window, whereas in S1 layer VI, neurons fired before layer V neurons. Just before the spike component of each SW complex, short‐lasting high‐frequency oscillations consistently occurred in IC ∼20 msec before S1.Significance:  Our findings demonstrate that the S2/IC cortical areas are a critical component of the macro‐network that is responsible for the generation of absence‐related SWDs.
Cooperative Advertising with Bilateral Participation
Authors: Zhang Jihua , Xie Jinxing , Chen Bintong 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTWe study cooperative (co‐op) advertising strategies in a two‐tier distribution channel and extend the popular unilateral participation strategy to bilateral participations. Our research shows that a properly designed bilateral participation has several advantages over unilateral participation. Bilateral participation is capable of coordinating the distribution channel under a very general demand function. In addition, when channel members determine participation parameters endogenously, the bilateral participation improves the channel efficiency and leads to a Pareto improvement over the corresponding unilateral participation.
The Comparison of the Relationship Between Sociocultural-Economic Features and Sexual Dysfunction Frequency in Sexually Active Premenopausal Female Patients on Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Koca Tuba Güllü , Koca Nizameddin , Ersoy Alparslan 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Many studies determine different risk factors for sexual dysfunction (SD) in women, but little is known about the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors, medical and psychological features on female SD frequency in patients under renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Aim
This study aimed to compare the relationship between medical, psychological, sociocultural-economic factors, and SD frequency in patients on RRT with the diagnosis of end-stage renal disease.

Method
The 115 RRT patients (hemodialysis [HD] 39, peritoneal dialysis [PD] 43, kidney transplant [KT] 33) and 103 healthy premenopausal female volunteers (control) without any known health problems were included in the study.

Main Outcome Measures
The questionnaire forms containing sociodemographic data, the hospital anxiety depression scale, and Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale were completely filled by subjects who were included in the study.

Results
There was no significant difference about mean age, dialysis duration, and body mass index between the groups. While there were significant differences among participants training period and employment conditions, socioeconomic status scores were similar. Significant differences were found in marriage type, marital duration, husband’s age, training period and working time per week, spending time with each other, weekly sexual intercourse frequency, the number of children, mothers’ and fathers’ education. RRT groups were more depressed than control, but no significant differences were observed among the RRT groups. PD and HD groups were more anxious than the KT and control groups. It was identified that SD rates were higher in KT and dialysis patients compared with the control. SD rates were significantly high in the HD group. Multivariate analysis showed that marital duration and being an HD patient are independent SD risk factors for RRT population.

Conclusion
Successful KT may improve SD. Differences in sociocultural, economic, medical, and psychological factors among individuals with SD should be taken into consideration in their treatment management.
Circulating Soluble Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Levels are Associated with Erectile Dysfunction in Patients Without Known Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kobat Mehmet Ali , Fırdolas Fatih , Balin Mehmet , Çelik Ahmet , Bentli Recep , Baydas Adil 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
Endothelial dysfunction and microvascular damage are involved in the pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction (ED). Soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) is identified endothelial receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) that plays a pivotal role in ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction. The purpose of the current study was to determine the association between sLOX-1 and ED in patients without known coronary artery disease (CAD).

Main Outcome Measures
Diagnosis of ED was based on the International Index of Erectile Function Score-5. Levels of sLOX-1 were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Methods
One hundred thirty-eight subjects with ED patients without known CAD (ED group) and 75 age-matched subjects without ED and known CAD (Non-ED Group) were included in this study.

Results
Plasma levels of sLOX-1 were significantly higher in ED than in Non-ED group (95 ± 87 and 49 ± 30 pg/mL, respectively, P &lt; 0.001). The levels of sLOX-1 highly negative correlated with score of ED (r = −0.618, P &lt; 0.001). The sLOX-1 levels &gt;75 pg/mL predicts ED with 26.8% sensitivity and 96.0% specificity on receiver operator characteristic analysis.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that serum sLOX-1 levels were associated with endothelial dysfunction that predicts ED. Moreover, the current study revealed that there was strong negative correlation between the levels of circulating sLOX-1 and score of ED. This study suggested sLOX-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of ED in patients without known CAD.
Efficacy of Psychosocial Interventions in Men and Women with Sexual Dysfunctions—A Systematic Review of Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Günzler Cindy , Berner Michael M. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
As yet, a summary of the research evidence concerning the efficacy of psychological treatment in female sexual dysfunction is lacking. Previous reviews were often nonsystematic or explored one specific sexual dysfunction.

Aim
Our systematic review provides an overview of the efficacy of psychosocial interventions in all female sexual dysfunction.

Main Outcome Measures
Main outcome measures included for example psychometrically validated scales, diary notes, interviews, and vulvar algesiometer. The efficacy of psychosocial interventions was measured for example by the frequency of and satisfaction with sexual activity and sexual functioning. Safety and acceptance were evaluated on the basis of adverse events and dropout rates.

Methods
The systematic literature search included electronic database search, handsearch, contact with experts, and an ancestry approach. Studies were included if the woman was given a formal diagnosis of a sexual dysfunction (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems—ICD10/-9; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV/-III-R) and when the intervention was psychosocial or psychotherapeutic. The control group included either another treatment or a waiting-list control group. The report of relevant outcomes was necessary for inclusion as well as the design of the study (randomized, controlled trials [RCTs] and controlled clinical trials). The assessment of methodological quality comprised aspects of randomization, blinding, incomplete outcome data, selective reporting, and allegiance.

Results
We identified 15 RCTs that investigated efficacy in female sexual dysfunction and two further studies that examined male and female sexual dysfunction together. Most trials explored sexual pain disorders. About half of all studies in women used either a concept derived from Masters and Johnson or a cognitive-behavioral treatment program. Both approaches showed significant improvements compared with a control group. Benefit was not always maintained over the (variable) follow-up period.

Conclusion
Traditional sexual therapeutic concepts proved to be efficacious in the treatment of female sexual dysfunction. A shortcoming was the rather low methodological quality of included studies.
Efficacy of Psychosocial Interventions in Men and Women with Sexual Dysfunctions—A Systematic Review of Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Berner Michael , Günzler Cindy 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
As yet, a summary of research evidence concerning the efficacy of psychological treatment in male sexual dysfunction is lacking.

Aim
Our systematic review gives an overview of the efficacy of psychosocial interventions in all male sexual dysfunctions.

Main Outcome Measures
Main outcome measures included, for example, psychometrically validated scales, interviews, and clinical assessment by an independent rater. The efficacy of psychosocial interventions was measured, for example, by the frequency of and satisfaction with sexual activity and sexual functioning.

Methods
The systematic literature search included electronic database search, handsearch, contact with experts, and an ancestry approach. Studies were included if the man was given a formal diagnosis of a sexual dysfunction (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems [ICD10/-9]; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM-IV/-III-R]) and when the intervention was psychosocial or psychotherapeutic. The control group included either another treatment or a waiting-list control group. The report of relevant outcomes was necessary for inclusion as well as the design of the study (randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and controlled clinical trials [CCTs]). The assessment of methodological quality comprised aspects of randomization, blinding, incomplete outcome data, selective reporting, and allegiance.

Results
We identified 19 RCTs and one CCT that investigated the efficacy in male sexual dysfunction and two further studies that examined male and female sexual dysfunction together. Twelve out of 20 trials in men used either a concept derived from Masters and Johnson or a cognitive-behavioral treatment program. Overall, psychosocial interventions improved sexual functioning. While one study found that psychotherapy is superior to sildenafil, another study found the opposite. In men with premature ejaculation, behavioral techniques proved to be effective. A shortcoming was the rather low methodological quality of included studies.

Conclusion
Most of the compared interventions proved to be similarly effective. Possibly, there are underlying constructs throughout all therapies that have an effect on the outcome.
Sexual Dysfunction among Male Veterans Returning from Iraq and Afghanistan: Prevalence and Correlates
Authors: Hosain G.M. Monawar , Latini David M. , Kauth Michael , Goltz Heather Honoré , Helmer Drew A. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sexual dysfunction (SD) is not well described in the Iraq/Afghanistan veteran population despite high prevalence of multiple risk factors for this issue.

Aim
To estimate the prevalence and examine the association of various sociodemographic, mental health, comorbid conditions and life style factors with sexual dysfunction in Iraq/Afghanistan veterans.

Methods
This exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the VA administrative database. A total of 4,755 Iraq/Afghanistan veterans were identified who sought treatment from the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center inpatient and outpatient clinic between September 2007 and August 2009.

Main Outcome Measures
Sexual dysfunction was determined by ICD9-CM codes related to sexual health issues and/or by specific medications, primarily phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i), prescribed for erectile dysfunction.

Results
The overall prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 5.5% (N = 265). By age category, it was 3.6% (N = 145) for Iraq/Afghanistan veterans aged 18–40 years and 15.7% (N = 120) for Iraq/Afghanistan veterans aged &gt; 40 years, respectively. A multivariate logistic-regression model revealed that annual income, marital status, post-traumatic stress disorder, and hypertension were significant risk factors of SD (all P &lt; 0.05) among younger Iraq/Afghanistan veterans, whereas among the older Iraq/Afghanistan veterans, being African American and having PTSD and hypertension were significant risk factors of SD (all P &lt; 0.05). There was marked discrepancy between documented erectile dysfunction and prescription of a PDE5i.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that a significant proportion of Iraq/Afghanistan veterans have SD and that the risk factors differ between younger and older veterans. Our findings also suggest that SD is likely under-coded. To better identify the scope of the problem, systematic screening for sexual dysfunction may be appropriate perhaps as part of an initial post-deployment health evaluation.
Comparison of fatty acid contents and composition in major lipid classes of larvae and adults of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from a steppe region
Authors: Sushchik Nadezhda N. , Yurchenko Yuri A. , Gladyshev Michail I. , Belevich Olga E. , Kalachova Galina S. , Kolmakova Angelika A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractEmerging aquatic insects, including mosquitoes, are known to transfer to terrestrial ecosystems specific essential biochemicals, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We studied fatty acid (FA) composition and contents of dominant mosquito populations (Diptera: Culicidae), that is, Anopheles messeae, Ochlerotatus caspius, Oc. flavescens, Oc. euedes, Oc. subdiversus, Oc. cataphylla, and Aedes cinereus, inhabited a steppe wetland of a temperate climate zone to fill up the gap in their lipid knowledge. The polar lipid and triacylglycerol fractions of larvae and adults were compared. In most studied mosquito species, we first found and identified a number of short‐chain PUFA, for example, prominent 14:2n‐6 and 14:3n‐3, which were not earlier documented in living organisms. These PUFA, although occurred in low levels in adult mosquitoes, can be potentially used as markers of mosquito biomass in terrestrial food webs. We hypothesize that these acids might be synthesized (or retroconverted) by the mosquitoes. Using FA trophic markers accumulated in triacylglycerols, trophic relations of the mosquitoes were accessed. The larval diet comprised green algae, cryptophytes, and dinoflagellates and provided the mosquitoes with essential n‐3 PUFA, linolenic, and eicosapentaenoic acids. As a result, both larvae and adults of the studied mosquitoes had comparatively high content of the essential PUFA. Comparison of FA proportions in polar lipids versus storage lipids shown that during mosquito metamorphosis transfer of essential eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acids from the reserve in storage lipids of larvae to functional polar lipids in adults occurred.
Edentulism in High Poverty Rural Counties
Authors: Mitchell Jordan , Bennett Kevin , Brock‐Martin Amy 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurpose: To examine the differences in oral health status among residents of high‐poverty counties, as compared to residents of other rural or urban counties, specifically on the prevalence of edentulism.Methods: We used the 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the 2006 Area Resource File (ARF). All analyses were conducted with SAS and SAS‐callable SUDAAN, in order to account for weighting and the complex sample design.Findings: Characteristics significantly related to edentulism include: geographic location, gender, race, age, health status, employment, insurance, not having a usual source of care, education, marital status, presence of chronic disease, having an English interview, not deferring care due to cost, income, and dentist saturation within the county.Conclusions: Significant associations between high‐poverty rural and other rural counties and edentulism were found, and other socioeconomic and health status indicators remain strong predictors of edentulism.
Off‐Road Vehicle Ridership and Associated Helmet Use in Canadian Youth: An Equity Analysis
Authors: Davison Colleen M. , Thompson Wendy , Torunian Michael , Walsh Patricia , McFaull Steven , Pickett William 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurpose: In North America, the use of off‐road vehicles by young people is increasing, as are related injuries and fatalities. We examined the prevalence of off‐road ridership and off‐road helmet use in different subgroups of Canadian youth in order to better understand possible inequities associated with these health risk behaviors.Methods: Data came from Cycle 6 (2009‐2010) of the WHO Health Behavior in School‐Aged Children Study (HBSC). Participants (n = 26,078) were young people from grades 6‐10 in 436 Canadian schools. Students were asked, for a 12‐mo recall period, how frequently they rode off‐road vehicles and how often they wore a helmet while riding. Engagement in off‐road ridership and helmet use were estimated by age group, gender, urban‐rural geographic location, socioeconomic status, and how long participants had lived in Canada.Findings: About half of the sample reported riding off‐road vehicles (12,750; 52%). Among riders, 5,691 (45%) always wore helmets. Riders were more often older students, male and born in Canada. Students in rural areas and small towns were much more likely to ride off‐road vehicles than their urban peers (RR, 95% CI: 1.28 [1.23–1.33]). Helmet use was less common among females, new immigrants, older students, and those in lower socioeconomic groups. There was little reported difference in helmet use by urban‐rural location.Conclusions: Risks associated with the use of off‐road vehicles and with nonhelmet use are not equitably distributed across Canadian youth. Factors characterizing off‐road ridership (notably urban‐rural location) are distinct from factors for helmet use. Preventive interventions should target population subgroups.
Impact of age and sex on carotid and peripheral arterial wall thickness in humans
Authors: van den Munckhof I. , Scholten R. , Cable N. T. , Hopman M. T. E. , Green D. J. , Thijssen D. H. J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundAlthough previous studies have reported age‐related wall thickening in carotid arteries, it is not clear whether this is a systemic phenomenon which is also apparent in peripheral conduit arteries or whether conduit wall thickness (WT) changes occur to a similar degree in men and women.AimTo determine whether sex modifies the impact of ageing on WT or wall‐to‐lumen ratio (W:L) in atherosclerosis‐prone (i.e. carotid artery, femoral, superficial femoral, popliteal artery) and atherosclerosis‐resistant (i.e. brachial artery) conduit arteries.MethodsWe included 30 young (23 ± 2 year; 15M : 15F) and 31 older (70 ± 5 year; 18M : 13F) healthy subjects. High‐resolution ultrasound was used to measure diameter, WT and wall‐to‐lumen ratio (W/L) in all arteries.ResultsOlder subjects had increased WT and W/L in the carotid, femoral, superficial femoral, popliteal and brachial arteries (all P < 0.05). Compared with women, men demonstrated larger diameter and WT (both P < 0.01) across all arteries. Sex did not impact upon age‐related changes in WT or W/L (P = 0.39 and 0.43 respectively).ConclusionOur data suggest that age‐related wall thickening, evident in the carotid artery, is also apparent in the arteries of the upper and lower limbs. The impact of age on wall thickening did not differ between men and women. These data support the presence of systemic increases in WT and W/L with age in apparently healthy humans, independent of sex.
The Eye and the ‘I’: The Construction and Use of the Observer in Cognitive–Analytic Psychotherapy and Mindfulness‐Based Therapy
Authors: Marx Robert , Marx Sarah 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis paper explores issues in the integration of cognitive–analytic therapy and mindfulness‐based therapy. Differences in the conceptualization of the observer part of the self in both approaches – as centralized and independent as opposed to decentralized and fluid – are associated with different therapeutic emphases – on task and structure versus process. The tensions between these clinical and theoretical stances are explored, both in an individual and organizational (NHS) context.
Engaging Meaningfully with Outcome Measurement
Authors: Casey Aideen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMuch as it is the prevailing paradigm within the NHS and the ideology underpinning the outcome measurement agenda, psychotherapy continues to question whether the evidence‐based model represents a suitable methodology for complex psychological processes. Outcome measurement is antithesis to the psychotherapeutic project – or at least many within the discipline continue to argue this position. However, if providers of psychotherapy services are to survive in the ‘real’ world of evidence‐based medicine, then the onus is upon them to side‐step the ‘paradigm wars’ and find new ways of engaging with the mandate to measure. This paper proposes that psychotherapists can engage meaningfully with outcome measurement by asking two important questions of the time they spend with their patients: ‘Is this treatment working for this individual presentation?’ and, if not: ‘What immediate action can be taken in order to remedy the situation?’ The paper goes on to illustrate how the patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM), when incorporated into routine clinical practice can act as the mediator of this important self‐evaluative process.