bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing performance and impact of the Technological Districts (TDs): general modelling and measurement system
Authors: Lerro Antonio , Schiuma Giovanni 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to define a general model to identify and assess performance and impacts of the technology districts (TDs), paying great attention to avoid confusion on contents and methods as well as overlapping of economic, financial and managerial dimensions of performance and impact that often have characterized the academic and policy literature. Although over the past years the emphasis on knowledge and science-based resources has strongly contributed to create a wide acknowledgement of the relevance of the TDs for the national and local development paths, there is still a need for a better understanding about the assessment of the TDs’ performance and impacts.Design/methodology/approach– First, a literature review – both at academic and practitioners’ and policy level – was performed using a systematic approach. Then, a rigorous Delphi methodology was designed and implemented to identify and select the most important issues of interest of the research by soliciting qualified experts.Findings– Based on this research, a well-grounded set of macro-areas and specific indicators aimed to assess performance and impact of the TDs is proposed from which researchers and policymakers can choose those which are more fitted to the needs of their studies and as a way to define the specific focus of their investigation.Practical implications– The definition of this general model has the objective to support the elaboration of a structured set of managerial and policy implications able to drive, respectively, the management in the strategy formulation and implementation, as well as in the actions for the performance improvement, and the decision-makers in the elaboration of effective policies of development and correct evaluation of the impact of the TDs on the different places.Originality/value– This paper contributes at theoretical and practical level to improve the managerial and policy methods and tools to identify, assess, manage and report the performance and the impact of the TDs. The originality and the value of the paper resides in its attempt to improve and to let more shared and transparent the informative quality on which the TDs are called to operate and report to the stakeholders, in particular regulators and public organizations. Moreover, this paper will hopefully stimulate a debate and encourage a greater level of clarity, generalizability and comparability in the TDs performance measurement systems research stream.
Market reaction to the Karachi stock exchange floor imposition
Authors: Sharif Saqib 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the market reaction to the decision made by the management of the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) to impose a price floor that resulted in trading curbs in 2008. The paper analyzes if regulatory intervention helped in restoring investor confidence.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper examines the effect of enforcement of a price floor and trading curbs by splitting the time period studied into two periods: pre-floor and post-floor period. The parametric t-statistics and non-parametric Mann-Whitney test are used to compare the abnormal returns (ARs), abnormal trading volume, bid-ask spread, Amihud illiquidity ratio, and price volatility between the two periods. Event study was conducted to observe the behavior of market returns surrounding market-wide price floor. Finally, multivariate regression analysis was also applied by controlling for factors that might influence valuation, liquidity, and volatility. The standard errors have been corrected for cross-sectional clustering due to market-wide restrictions.

Findings
– The study found an adverse impact of price freeze and trading curb in the KSE, following the relaxation of floor (resumption of active trading). First, the price of securities (or ARs) significantly declined following the relaxation of the price freeze. Second, the market liquidity deteriorated following the relaxation of the price floor. Third, the price volatility increased in the post-floor period. It seems that the decision made by the KSE’s board to implement lower cap on prices for an extended period was ineffective.

Practical implications
– Market intervention by regulators to bring calm in the financial markets have negative consequences across the globe. The results presented in this paper suggest that implementing price floor brought inefficiency in the market and prevented firms from raising capital to finance their future investments. The author believe this study will add to the knowledge base of regulatory intervention and its impact on the performance of financial markets.

Originality/value
– There is no empirical evidence on the impact of price limits on volatility in emerging markets. The author selected Pakistan as a case study, where we particularly focus upon impact of the enforcement of a price floor around the peak of Global Financial Crisis (or market intervention) in Pakistan. This study also documents the effect of trading curb on liquidity and volatility in an emerging market, given that a majority of research on trading halt/price limits is based on developed markets.
Exploring the connection between quality management and brain functioning
Authors: Lagrosen Yvonne , Travis Frederick T. 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore possible connections between brain functioning and quality management.

Design/methodology/approach
– Five central principles regarding brain functioning according to neuroscience are conceptually described and related to principles and major concepts in quality management with a special emphasis on Deming’s system of profound knowledge.

Findings
– The principles are shown to be related in a profound way. The first principle of coherence is closely related to appreciation for a system. The principle of homeostatic feedback loops concerns events that disturb the equilibrium of a system and is related to knowledge about variation. Neural plasticity is related to a theory of knowledge. The last two principles involve emotional and cognitive contributions to decision-making. They are closely related to the element psychology and one of them could lead to a further development of Deming’s system of profound knowledge.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper adds to the understanding of the role brain integration has for success in quality management efforts. A limitation is that it is difficult to localise higher-order thinking in brain function. Nonetheless, the research is indicative and provocative as a window to stimulate research into the fundamental basis of quality management success.

Practical implications
– The findings provide a deeper understanding of profound knowledge in quality management through relating it to how the brain is functioning, which is of value for quality managers and leaders striving for excellence for their organisations.

Originality/value
– The connection of brain principles with Deming’s profound knowledge has not been elaborated in the literature before.
A framework for VSM integrated with Fuzzy QFD
Authors: Mohanraj R. , Sakthivel M. , Vinodh S , Vimal K.E.K. 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to apply a framework for value stream mapping (VSM) integrated with fuzzy quality function deployment (QFD) for enabling scientific prioritization of improvement proposals to improve leanness.

Design/methodology/approach
– The literature was reviewed from the perspectives of VSM, QFD and fuzzy logic applications. The current state map was developed for the case component; fuzzy QFD was used for prioritizing improvement proposals and prioritized proposals were incorporated in the future state map.

Findings
– The approach enabled the scientific mapping of wastes with improvement proposals and thereby enabling systematic implementation of improvement proposals. The conducted pilot study resulted in 4 percent reduction in cycle time. As the lean implementation is a continuous process, furthermore improvements are expected in near future.

Research limitations/implications
– The study was conducted in an Indian camshaft manufacturing organization. The improvements in terms of leanness parameters were quantified.

Practical implications
– The findings determined from the study has practical relevance. Besides, managerial implications were also discussed.

Originality/value
– The study presented in this paper was conducted in a real time manufacturing environment. Hence the contributions of study are found to be valuable among academic and practicing communities.
Streptococcus panodentis sp. nov. from the oral cavities of chimpanzees
Authors: Okamoto Masaaki , Imai Susumu , Miyanohara Mayu , Saito Wataru , Momoi Yasuko , Nomura Yoshiaki , Ikawa Tomoko , Ogawa Takumi , Miyabe‐Nishiwaki Takako , Kaneko Akihisa , Watanabe Akino , Watanabe Shohei , Hayashi Misato , Tomonaga Masaki , Hanada Nobuhiro 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThree strains TKU9, TKU49 and TKU50T, were isolated from the oral cavities of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). The isolates were all gram‐positive, facultative anaerobic cocci that lacked catalase activity. Analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the most closely related species was Streptococcus infantis (96.7%). The next most closely related species to the isolates were S. rubneri, S. mitis, S. peroris and S. australis (96.6 to 96.4%). Based on the rpoB and gyrB gene sequences, TKU50T was clustered with other member of the mitis group. Enzyme activity and sugar fermentation patterns differentiated this novel bacterium from other members of the mitis group streptococci. The DNA G + C content of strain TKU50T was 46.7 mol%, which is the highest reported value for members of the mitis group (40–46 mol%). On the basis of the phenotypic characterization, partial 16S rRNA gene and sequences data for two housekeeping gene (gyrB and rpoB), we propose a novel taxa, S. panodentis for TKU 50T (type strain = CM 30579T = DSM 29921T), for these newly described isolates.
Abstract 1000: Tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR regulates the switch between cell survival and cell death induced by autophagy under hypoxia in cancer cells
Authors: Gibson Spencer B. , Chen Yongqiang , Henson Elizabeth S. , Huang Daniel 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular lysosomal degradation pathway characterized by the formation of autophagosomes. The primary function of autophagy is to allow cells to survive under stressful conditions. Autophagy is, however, a double-edge sword that can either promote cell survival or cell death. In cancer, hypoxia regions contribute to poor prognosis due to the ability of cancer cells to adapt to hypoxia in part through autophagy. In contrast, we have previously demonstrated that autophagy contributes to hypoxia induced cell death in cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrated that autophagy flux increased under hypoxia over time. At 4 hours of hypoxia, autophagy promoted cell survival whereas, at 48 hours of hypoxia, autophagy increased cell death. Furthermore, we found that the tyrosine phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) increased at 4 hours and decreased at later times. This correlated with the ability of EGFR to bind with Beclin-1 at 4 hours but not 48 hours under hypoxia. Knocking down or inhibiting EGFR resulted in increased autophagy and cell death under hypoxia. In contrast, when EGFR was re-activated by the addition of EGF, the level of autophagy was reduced and amount of cell death decreased. Hypoxia led to autophagic excessive degradation of the lipid raft protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) that is known to bind to EGFR and activate EGFR in a ligand-independent manner under hypoxia. By knocking down CAV1, the amount of EGFR phosphorylation was increased under hypoxia and amount of autophagy and cell death decreased. This indicates that the activation of EGFR plays a critical role in the switch between cell survival and cell death induced by autophagy under hypoxia.
Citation Format: Spencer B. Gibson, Yongqiang Chen, Elizabeth S. Henson, Daniel Huang. Tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR regulates the switch between cell survival and cell death induced by autophagy under hypoxia in cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1000. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1000
Abstract 1005: Dual targeting of MEK/MAPK1/2 and pro-survival autophagy to optimize antiestrogen treatment toward the eradication of antiestrogen resistant breast cancer
Authors: Manning Mathew , Takhar Suchreet , Periyasamy-Thandavan Sudharsan , Cheng Michael , Barrett Thomas , Hill William , Browning Darren , Thangaraju Muthusamy , McGee-Lawrence Meghan , Schoenlein Patricia V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In past studies, we showed that pro-survival autophagy mediates resistance to antiestrogen-induced apoptosis and facilitates the emergence of antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cells (Sammadar et al., Molecular Cancer Ther. 9, 2008). We also identified the pro-apoptotic BimEL protein as a key death effector of antiestrogen treatment and determined that BimEL pro-apoptotic activity is abrogated by a MEK1/MAPK1/2-dependent phosphorylation (Periyasamy-Thandavan et al., Breast Cancer Res. 14, 2012). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the MEK1/MAPK1/2/BimEL signaling node simultaneously regulates antiestrogen- induced pro-survival autophagy and apoptosis in ER+ breast cancer cells. In our approach, we utilized T47-D and MCF-7 breast cancer cells and modulated the activity of MEK1/MAPK1/2/ BimEL expression with U0126, a small molecule inhibitor of MEK1, BimEL cDNA over-expression, or siRNA targeting under a variety of endocrine treatments. We also conducted studies in the presence or absence of the pan-caspase inhibitor ZVAD-fmk so that autophagy levels/function could be analyzed independent of effects mediated by BimEL-dependent caspase activation. Autophagic flux was measured by comparing the levels of lipidated LC3II in cell populations undergoing the different treatments in the presence or absence of chloroquine (CQ), a lysosomotropic agent that prevents autolysosomal turnover. These studies determined that: 1) dephosphorylated BimEL significantly attenuates autophagic flux, but primarily as a consequence of BimEL-induced caspase-activation; (2) BimEL-dependent apoptotic death induced in antiestrogen-treated ER+ breast cancer cells by MEK1 inhibition is not dependent on autophagy; and (3) agents that selectively target autophagy (i.e. CQ and spautin) enhance apoptosis induced by MEK1 blockade in breast cancer cells undergoing endocrine treatment. Based on these pre-clinical in vitro studies, we postulate that the eradication of antiestrogen resistant breast cancer will require the targeting of MEK1/MAPK1/2 to activate BimEL and pro-survival autophagy to eradicate cells surviving BimEL-dependent apoptosis.
Citation Format: Mathew Manning, Suchreet Takhar, Sudharsan Periyasamy-Thandavan, Michael Cheng, Thomas Barrett, William Hill, Darren Browning, Muthusamy Thangaraju, Meghan McGee-Lawrence, Patricia V. Schoenlein. Dual targeting of MEK/MAPK1/2 and pro-survival autophagy to optimize antiestrogen treatment toward the eradication of antiestrogen resistant breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1005. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1005
Abstract 1012: Discovery and synthesis of novel autophagy inhibitors with anti-proliferative activity in lung and pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Sironi Juan , Ulrik Nordstroem Lars , Aranda Evelyn , Shcherba Marina , Perez-Soler Roman , Wu Peng , Schwartz Edward L. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Autophagy is an emerging therapeutic target in cancer chemotherapy. It is a regulated catabolic process that degrades damaged cellular proteins and organelles, and helps to maintain cellular homeostasis and biosynthesis during nutrient starvation, metabolic stress, oncogenic transformation, and in response to chemotherapeutic drugs. Recent studies using mouse genetic models of lung and pancreatic cancer reported dramatic tumor regressions when autophagy was ablated, either genetically or pharmacologically, in either the tumors or systemically in the mouse. These studies provide pre-clinical proof of principle that strategies to inhibit autophagy can be therapeutically efficacious in solid tumors. The autophagy inhibitors chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have single agent antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines, however low potency may limit their antitumor efficacy clinically. As part of our ongoing chemistry program to discover novel autophagy inhibitors, we synthesized a series of chloroquine analogs which retained the 4-aminoquinoline subunit and incorporated different substituted triazoles into the target structure. These compounds were tested for growth inhibition against H460, HCC827, H520 and H1703 human lung cancer cell lines, and BxPC3 pancreatic cancer cells. The most potent compound, EAD1, had IC50s ranging from 5.8 μM to 11 μM in the cells, and was 8-fold more potent than CQ and HCQ. EAD1 inhibited autophagy, as judged by the cellular accumulation of the autophagy-related autophagosome proteins LC3-II and p62, and induced apoptosis. The increases in LC3-II levels by the analogs were inversely correlated with their growth inhibitory IC50s, suggesting that autophagy blockade is closely linked to inhibition of cell proliferation. In contrast to HCQ, the cytotoxic actions of EAD1 were not reversible after a 24 hour treatment. Furthermore, the mechanism of action of EAD1 appears to partially differ from that of HCQ, including possible interactions with mTOR/TORC1-mediated pathways. EAD1 is a viable lead compound for evaluation of the anti-tumor activity of autophagy inhibitors in vivo.
Citation Format: Juan Sironi, Lars Ulrik Nordstroem, Evelyn Aranda, Marina Shcherba, Roman Perez-Soler, Peng Wu, Edward L. Schwartz. Discovery and synthesis of novel autophagy inhibitors with anti-proliferative activity in lung and pancreatic cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1012. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1012
Abstract 103: Abundant expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Watanabe Yasutaka , Koyama Nobuyuki , Iwai Yuki , Miwa Chihiro , Koyama Shinichiro 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) is a catalytic component of polycomb repressive complexes and functions as a histon methyltransferase for H3 lysine 27 residues. EZH2 overexpression promotes tumor progression and metastasis, leading to a poor prognosis. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by highly invasive and metastatic potentials compared with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whereas these are very limited information about whether EZH expression is associated with clinical and biological differences between both tumor types. The objective of the current study is to elucidate the role of EZH2 in the phenotypic characteristics of SCLC
Method: EZH2 expressions in staging-matched tumor samples from 34 patients with SCLC and NSCLC consisting of adenocarcinoma (Ad) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The extent and location of immunohistochemical staining for EZH2 was assessed according to the immunoreactive score (IRS) evaluating the proportion of cells that express EZH2 protein and the intensity of its staining. Percentage of the cancer area stained in high-power fields was measured. Staining intensity was graded as 0 (negative), 1 (weak), 2 (moderate), and 3 (strong); percentage of positive cells was scored as 0 (negative), 2 (from 11 to 50%), 3 (from 51 to 80%), and 4 (&gt; 80%). The IRS taken from the multiplication of these two scores (values from 0-12) was defined as follows: 0 as negative, values 1-3 as weak, values 4, 6 as positive, and multiplication values 8, 9, 12 as strongly positive.
Results:Thirty-four patients analyzed contained, 16 (47%) of surgical stage I, 10 (29%) of Stage II, 7 (21%) of Stage III, and one (3%) of Stage IV. The patient's clinical characteristic among three groups (SCLC, Ad, and SCC group) are summarized. Sex (M/F) = (27/7, 20/14, and 31/3). Mean Age = (68.2, 65.3, and 70.4). Mean Smoking Index (the number of cigarettes per day×smoking years) = (1236, 526, and 1222). Negative staining was noted in one SCLC, five Ads, and four SCCs, weakly positive in 0 SCLC, 17 Ads, and 15 SCCs, positive in 8 SCLCs, 2 Ads, and 9 SCCs and strongly positive in 25 SCLCs, 10 Ads, and 6 SCCs. Mean IRS was 9.5 in SCLCs, 4.5 in Ads, and 3.8 in SCCs. The immunohistochemical analysis of EZH2 expression levels based on the staining intensity and the percentage of positive cells was significantly higher with SCLC (p&lt;0.001).
Conclusion:EZH2 expression may determine the clinical and biological characteristics of SCLC.
Citation Format: Yasutaka Watanabe, Nobuyuki Koyama, Yuki Iwai, Chihiro Miwa, Shinichiro Koyama. Abundant expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 in small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 103. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-103