bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular interventions for human immunodeficiency virus-associated iliac artery aneurysms
Authors: Tsotetsi SC , Mulaudzi TV , Sikhosana MH , de Vries JPPM 
Published: November 2014

Objective Aneurysms associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are pseudo-aneurysms and the pathology is unique to HIV vasculopathy. We report outcomes of endovascular therapy for HIV iliac artery aneurysms in a series of patients to augment the sparse literature on these aneurysms. Methods The records from January 2010 to December 2013 of all patients treated for HIV-related iliac artery aneurysms were extracted from a prospectively maintained database at our institution. Results Preprocedural, periprocedural, and postprocedural data were retrieved for five black patients (three males and two females), who were treated for HIV-associated iliac artery aneurysms. All patients underwent endovascular therapy. There were seven aneurysms (three common iliac arteries, three internal, and one external). Pain was a common presenting feature, and two patients presented with rupture. One patient was receiving antiretroviral therapy, and one patient was receiving treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. Three patients had significant weight loss. The average hemoglobin value was 8 g/dl. Six aneurysms were managed with covered stents and one (internal iliac artery) with coil embolization. There were no procedure-related complications, and only one patient required a blood transfusion. Symptoms resolved in all patients. One re-intervention was required for stent thrombosis after 30 days. Conclusion Endovascular therapy for the HIV-associated iliac artery aneurysm has good short-term results and avoids pelvic dissection with its associated morbidity and mortality.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) treatment burden among low-income primary care patients
Authors: Kahn Linda S , Vest Bonnie M , Madurai Nethra , Singh Ranjit , York Trevor RM , Cipparone Charlotte W , Reilly Sarah , Malik Khalid S , Fox Chester H 
Published: November 2014

Objective This study explored the self-management strategies and treatment burden experienced by low-income US primary care patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 patients from two primary care practices on Buffalo’s East Side, a low-income community. Qualitative analysis was undertaken using an inductive thematic content analysis approach. We applied normalization process theory (NPT) to the concept of treatment burden to interpret and categorize our findings. Results The sample was predominantly African-American (79%) and female (59%). Most patients (79%) had a diagnosis of stage 3 CKD. Four major themes were identified corresponding to NPT and treatment burden: (1) coherence—making sense of CKD; (2) cognitive participation—enlisting support and organizing personal resources; (3) collective action—self-management work; and (4) reflexive monitoring—further refining chronic illness self-care in the context of CKD. For each component, we identified barriers hindering patients' ability to accomplish the necessary tasks. Conclusions Our findings highlight the substantial treatment burden faced by inner-city primary care patients self-managing CKD in combination with other chronic illnesses. Health care providers’ awareness of treatment burden can inform the development of person-centered care plans that can help patients to better manage their chronic illnesses.
Tenosynovial (Extra-articular) Chondromatosis of the Extensor Digitorum Longus Tendon and Synovial Chondromatosis of the Ankle
Authors: Lui Tun Hing 
Published: November 2014

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare pathology in the foot and ankle region. We present a case of concomitant tenosynovial chondromatosis of the extensor digitorum longus tendon and synovial chondromatosis of the ankle, which was successfully treated by extensor digitorum tendon tendoscopy and ankle arthroscopy. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case study
United States National Trends in Ankle Arthroscopy
Authors: Best Matthew J. , Buller Leonard T. , Miranda Alejandro 
Published: November 2014

Background. Ankle arthroscopy is increasingly being utilized for disorders previously limited to management with open surgery. Despite uniformly good results and few complications, little is known regarding national trends in ankle arthroscopy. This study sought to investigate changes in the use of inpatient and ambulatory ankle arthroscopy in the United States. Methods. The National Survey of Ambulatory Surgery and the National Hospital Discharge Survey were used to identify cases of ankle arthroscopy. The data were analyzed for trends in demographics, treatment, and use. Results: Between 1994 and 2006, the population-adjusted rate of ankle arthroscopy increased by 65% (4.9/100 000 capita to 8.1/100 000 capita). The rate of ambulatory procedures increased by 80%, whereas the rate of inpatient procedures decreased by 95%. Sex-adjusted rates increased by 90% for males and 32% for females. The largest increases in age-adjusted rates were among patients 35 to 54 years of age. The proportion of procedures performed in freestanding ambulatory facilities increased from 15% to 49%. Use of peripheral nerve blocks during ambulatory procedures increased from 6% to 26%. Private insurance was the largest compensator at all times, and the proportion of workers’ compensation payments increased from 8% to 22% during the study period. Conclusions. Results from the most recently available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data demonstrated that rates of ambulatory ankle arthroscopy increased, whereas rates of inpatient ankle arthroscopy decreased dramatically between 1994 and 2006. Understanding national practice patterns can aid policy makers and surgeons in allocating health care resources, so as to ensure quality patient care. Levels of Evidence: N/A (descriptive epidemiology study)
Tumor microvessel density–associated mast cells in canine nodal lymphoma
Authors: Woldemeskel Moges , Mann Elizabeth , Whittington Lisa 
Published: November 2014

Objective: Mast cells are associated in angiogenesis in various human and animal neoplasms. However, association of mast cells with tumor microvessel density in canine lymphoma was not previously documented. The objective of the study is to determine if mast cells are increased in canine nodal lymphomas and to evaluate their correlation with tumor microvessel density and grading of lymphomas. Methods: Nodal lymphomas from 33 dogs were studied and compared with nonneoplastic lymph nodes from 6 dogs as control. Mast cell count was made on Toluidine blue stained sections. Immunohistochemistry using antibody against Factor VIII was employed to visualize and determine microvessel density. Results: The mast cell count in lymphoma (2.95 ± 2.4) was significantly higher ( p < 0.05) than that in the control (0.83 ± 0.3) and was positively correlated with tumor microvessel density ( r = 0.44, p = 0.009). Significant difference was not observed in mast cell count and tumor microvessel density among different gradings of lymphomas. Conclusions: Mast cells are associated with tumor microvessel density in canine nodal lymphoma with no significant difference among gradings of lymphomas. Mast cells may play an important role in development of canine nodal lymphomas. Further detailed investigation on the role of mast cells as important part of tumor microenvironment in canine nodal lymphomas is recommended.
Gray scale and contrast‐enhanced ultrasound imaging of malignant liver tumors of vascular origin
Authors: Schweitzer Nora , Soudah Bisharah , Gebel Michael , Manns Michael Peter , Boozari Bita 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesMalignant vascular tumors of the liver are rare. The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of gray scale and contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography in patients with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) of the liver and hepatic angiosarcoma (HA) and to describe the clinical presentation.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all patients with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma or hemangiosarcoma of the liver from 1998 to 2011, who underwent ultrasound investigation. We describe the findings in gray scale and contrast‐enhanced ultrasound and the clinical course of the disease of seven patients with EHE and five patients with HA.ResultsUltrasound investigation in EHE showed mostly multiple hypoechoic irregular lesions close to the liver capsule and with a halo in some cases. Contrast enhancement revealed inhomogeneously and through all contrast phases vascularized tumors with a rim enhancement in 50%, with or without early wash out. All tumors had avascular parts. HA presented as multiple and irregular hypo‐, iso‐ or hyperechoic lesions. After contrast enhancement, hypervascularization with individual patterns was evident in all patients. Of five, three had liquid parts. Patients with HA were significantly older (58 vs. 37 years, p  = 0.014) and presented with lower thrombocyte counts (84 vs. 264, p  = 0.0025) and with higher CEA levels (4.6 vs. 1.5, p  = 0.03).ConclusionEHE and HA are inhomogeneous tumors, explaining the high inter‐individual variability and heterogeneity in ultrasound examination. The presence of multifocal lesions, heterogeneity and undefined margins may differentiate EHE or HA from hemangioma. A biopsy is essential in the diagnosis of vascular tumors.
Pharmacological intervention based on fecal calprotectin levels in patients with ulcerative colitis at high risk of a relapse: A prospective, randomized, controlled study
Authors: Lasson Anders , Öhman Lena , Stotzer Per-Ove , Isaksson Stefan , Überbacher Otto , Ung Kjell-Arne , Strid Hans 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundTargeted therapy, using biomarkers to assess disease activity in ulcerative colitis (UC), has been proposed.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate whether pharmacological intervention guided by fecal calprotectin (FC) prolongs remission in patients with UC.MethodsA total of 91 adults with UC in remission were randomized to an intervention group or a control group. Analysis of FC was performed monthly, during 18 months. A FC value of 300 µg/g was set as the cut‐off for intervention, which was a dose escalation of the oral 5‐aminosalicylate (5‐ASA) agent. The primary study end‐point was the number of patients to have relapsed by month 18.ResultsThere were relapses in 18 (35.3%) and 20 (50.0%) patients in the intervention and the control groups, respectively (p  = 0.23); and 28 (54.9%) patients in the intervention group and 28 (70.0%) patients in the control group had a FC > 300 µg/g, of which 8 (28.6%) and 16 (57.1%) relapsed, respectively (p  < 0.05).ConclusionActive intervention significantly reduced relapse rates, although no significant difference was reached between the groups overall. Thus, FC‐levels might be used to identify patients with UC at risk for a flare, and a dose escalation of their 5‐ASA agent is a therapeutic option for these patients.
Effectiveness of Cuscuta planiflora Ten. and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse in Major Depression
Authors: Firoozabadi Ali , Zarshenas Mohammad M. , Salehi Alireza , Jahanbin Saye , Mohagheghzadeh Abdolali 
Published: November 2014

Background. Depression is one the most common mental disorders that can be seen all over the world. In traditional Persian medicine, some medicinal herbs are recommended for depression treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Cuscuta planiflora Ten. and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse in patients with major depression. Methodology. This study is a randomized triple-blind controlled clinical trial conducted in the year 2010 in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences on patients with major depression. Pharmaceutical capsules of Cuscuta planiflora (500 mg) and Nepeta menthoides (400 mg) were prepared by a pharmacist. Patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups: group A (treated with Nepeta menthoides capsules and conventional drugs), group B (treated with Cuscuta planiflora capsules and conventional drugs), and group C (treated only with conventional drugs). The study period was 8 weeks and depression was measured before and after the study by Beck Depression Inventory and Hamilton Depression Inventory. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 and the P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 43 subjects participated in this study, of whom 81.4% were females (n = 35) and 18.6% were males (n = 8). The mean ± standard deviation of age of the participants was 38 ± 10.9 years. The majority of patients (65.1%, n = 28) were married. There were 15 patients (34.9%) in group A, 13 (30.29%) in group B, and 15 (34.9%) in group C. There was a significant decrease in mean scores of Beck and Hamilton depression inventories in the 3 groups after treatment ( P < .01); moreover, there was more decrease in scores of the Beck and Hamilton depression inventories in groups A and B compared with group C after treatment ( P < .01). Conclusion. Despite the paucity of the population under study, the findings showed that Cuscuta planiflora and Nepeta menthoides capsules could be effective, affordable herbal medicines with improved cost–benefit in treatment of major depression and it is worth designing further and more extensive studies to get to a more accurate conclusion.
Dnmt3a loss predisposes murine hematopoietic stem cells to malignant transformation
Authors: Mayle Allison , Yang Liubin , Rodriguez Benjamin , Zhou Ting , Chang Edmund , Curry Choladda V. , Challen Grant A. , Li Wei , Wheeler David , Rebel Vivienne I. , Goodell Margaret A. 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
Dnmt3a ablation in HSCs predisposes mice to develop a spectrum of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. Dnmt3a-KO-derived myeloid malignancies and T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma show distinct methylation aberrations.
Surfactant-free synthesis of Cu2O hollow spheres and their wavelength-dependent visible photocatalytic activities using LED lamps as cold light sources
Authors: Wang Yuxi , Huang Da , Zhu Xingzhong , Ma Yujie , Geng Huijuan , Wang Ying , Yin Guilin , He Dannong , Yang Zhi , Hu Nantao 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A facile synthesis route of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) hollow spheres under different temperatures without the aid of a surfactant was introduced. Morphology and structure varied as functions of reaction temperature and duration. A bubble template-mediated formation mechanism was proposed, which explained the reason of morphology changing with reaction temperature. The obtained Cu2O hollow spheres were active photocatalyst for the degradation of methyl orange under visible light. A self-designed equipment of light emitting diode (LED) cold light sources with the wavelength of 450, 550, and 700 nm, respectively, was used for the first time in the photocatalysis experiment with no extra heat introduced. The most suitable wavelength for Cu2O to photocatalytic degradation is 550 nm, because the light energy (2.25 eV) is closest to the band gap of Cu2O (2.17 eV). These surfactant-free synthesized Cu2O hollow spheres would be highly attractive for practical applications in water pollutant removal and environmental remediation.
Ferromagnetic ordering in Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Luo Xi , Lee Wai-Tung , Xing Guozhong , Bao Nina , Yonis Adnan , Chu Dewei , Lee Jiunn , Ding Jun , Li Sean , Yi Jiabao 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Zn1 - x
Mn
x
O nanoparticles have been synthesized by hydrothermal technique. The doping concentration of Mn can reach up to 9 at% without precipitation or secondary phase, confirmed by electron spin resonance (ESR) and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD). Room-temperature ferromagnetism is observed in the as-prepared nanoparticles. However, the room-temperature ferromagnetism disappears after post-annealing in either argon or air atmosphere, indicating the importance of post-treatment for nanostructured magnetic semiconductors.
Leptin receptor polymorphism Gln223Arg (rs1137101) in oral squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant oral lesions
Authors: Domingos Patrícia Luciana Batista , Farias Lucyana Conceição , Pereira Camila Santos , das Graças Pena Geórgia , Reis Tatiana Carvalho , Silva Rosângela Ramos Veloso , Fraga Carlos Alberto de Carvalho , de Souza Marcela Gonçalves , Soares Mariana Batista , Jones Kimberly Marie , Menezes Elytania Veiga , Nobre Sérgio Avelino Mota , Rodrigues Neto João Felício , de Paula Alfredo Maurício Batista , Velásquez-Meléndez Jorge Gustavo , Sena Guimarães André Luiz 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the LEPR gene Gln223Arg polymorphism (rs1137101) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and in potentially malignant oral lesions (PMOL) in comparison to normal oral mucosa in a Brazilian population. Smokers (n = 89) were selected from a representative sample of 471 individuals from the general population of Montes Claros, Brazil. Participants were age and gender matched to patients with OSCC (n = 25) and oral epithelial dysplasia (n = 25). We investigated the LEPR Gln223Arg polymorphism (A>G; rs1137101) in these groups. Genotype variants were assessed by RFLP-PCR, using MspI (HPAII) restriction endonuclease. The institutional review board of the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros approved the study (process number 2667/2011). Written informed consent for this study was obtained from all participants. The GG genotype (Arg223Arg) appears to be the more relevant polymorphic variant in OSCC. It occurred, approximately, twice as frequently in OSCC patients than in the general population. In contrast, the A allele in its homozygosis form (Gln223Gln) is significantly associated with the development of PMOL; 80% of the samples from the PMOL group exhibit AA genotype. Our findings suggest new insights regarding LEPR gene variations in the development of OSCC and PMOL.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Nepalese type 2 diabetic patients according to WHO, NCEP ATP III, IDF and Harmonized criteria
Authors: Pokharel Daya Ram , Khadka Dipendra , Sigdel Manoj , Yadav Naval Kishor , Acharya Shreedhar , Kafle Ram Chandra , Shukla Pramod Shankar 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) present in type 2 diabetic patients greatly increases the risk of strokes and cardiovascular diseases. Timely detection and mapping of MetS facilitates appropriate preventive and therapeutic approaches to minimize these risks. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS among Nepalese type 2 diabetic patients using WHO (1999), NCEP ATP III (2001), IDF (2005) and Harmonized (2009) definitions and identify the diagnostic concordance and disparity resulting from these four definitions.

Methods
Clinical and biochemical data were collected for 1061 type 2 diabetic patients at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. The data was analyzed in order to identify prevalence of MetS in these patients. Statistical analysis included usage of Student’s t- and Chi-square tests, kappa statistics and 95% confidence intervals.

Results
The total age adjusted prevalence rates of MetS were 80.3%, 73.9%, 69.9% and 66.8% according to Harmonized, NCEP ATP III, WHO and IDF definitions, respectively. Prevalence increased with the age and was higher in females (p <0.001) according to WHO, NCEP ATP III and Harmonized definitions. Patients of Dalit community had the highest prevalence (p<0.05) according to NCEP ATP III and Harmonized definitions while Mongoloid and Newar patients had the highest prevalence (p <0.05) according to WHO and IDF definitions, respectively. Prevalence was also highest among patient engaged in agriculture occupation. Central obesity and hypertension were respectively the most and the least prevalent components of MetS. The highest overall agreement was between Harmonized and NCEP ATP III definitions (k =0.62, substantial) and the lowest between WHO & IDF definitions (k=0.26, slight). The Harmonized definition had the highest sensitivity (99.9%) and negative predictive value (98.9%) while NCEP ATP III definition had the highest specificity (98.9%) and positive predictive values (99.9%) in identifying the cases of MetS.

Conclusions
The prevalence of MetS among Nepalese type 2 diabetic patients was very high suggesting that these patients were at increased risk of strokes, cardiovascular diseases and premature death. The Harmonized definition was the most sensitive while NCEP ATP III and IDF definitions were the most specific in detecting the presence of MetS in Nepalese type 2 diabetic patients.
Functional roles of evolutionary conserved motifs and residues in vertebrate chemokine receptors
Authors: Nomiyama Hisayuki , Yoshie Osamu 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Chemokine receptors regulate cell migration and homing. They belong to the rhodopsin-like family of GPCRs. Their ancestor genes emerged in the early stages of vertebrate evolution. Since then, the family has been greatly expanded through whole and segmental genome duplication events. During evolution, many amino acid changes have been introduced in individual chemokine receptors, but certain motifs and residues are highly conserved. Previously, we proposed a nomenclature system of the vertebrate chemokine receptors based on their evolutionary history and phylogenetic analyses. With the use of this classification system, we are now able to confidently assign the species orthologs of vertebrate chemokine receptors. Here, we systematically analyze conserved motifs and residues of each group of orthologous chemokine receptors that may play important roles in their signaling and biologic functions. Our present analysis may provide useful information on how individual chemokine receptors are activated upon ligand binding.
TLR9 and TLR7/8 activation induces formation of keratic precipitates and giant macrophages in the mouse cornea
Authors: Chinnery Holly R , Leong Cheng Mee , Chen Weisan , Forrester John V , McMenamin Paul G 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Macrophage adherence to the inner corneal surface and formation of MGCs in the stroma are common signs of chronic inflammation following corneal infection. To determine whether macrophage adherence (known clinically as KPs) and giant cell formation were specific to innate immune activation via particular TLR ligands, macrophage activation was examined in a murine model of TLR-mediated corneal inflammation. The corneal epithelium was debrided and highly purified TLR ligands were topically applied once to the cornea of TLR7−/−, TLR9−/−, Cx3cr1gfp/+, CD11ceYFP, and IL-4−/− mice. At 1 week post-treatment macrophage activation and phenotype was evaluated in the cornea. Treatment with TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR5 ligands caused an increase in the number of activated stromal macrophages in the central cornea at 1 week post-treatment. However, treatment with TLR9 ligand CpG-ODN and the TLR7/8 ligand R848/Resiquimod led to an accumulation of macrophages on the corneal endothelium and formation of multinucleated giant macrophages in the corneal stroma. We suggest that giant cell formation, which is a characteristic feature of granuloma formation in many tissues, may be a unique feature of TLR9- and TLR7/8-mediated macrophage activation.