bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurological adverse events associated with oxaliplatin: A pharmacovigilance analysis based on FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Pan Xianglin , Xiao Xiangtian , Ding Yiling , Shu Yamin , Zhang Wenting , Huang Liu 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the neurological adverse events of oxaliplatin through the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database and to provide reference for safe clinical drug use.MethodsThe adverse events report data of oxaliplatin from the first quarter of 2019 (1 January 2019) to the third quarter of 2023 (30 September 2023) were extracted from FAERS database, and the adverse events signal intensity was determined using the reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, information component, and empirical Bayes geometric mean methods. Time-to-onset and univariate logistic regression analysis were performed to describe the characteristics and risk factors of oxaliplatin-associated neurological adverse events.ResultsA total of 4,471 cases of oxaliplatin-associated neurological adverse events were identified, with 318 neurological adverse events being documented, among which 87 adverse events satisfied the thresholds of four methodologies. The median time-to-onset of oxaliplatin-associated neurological adverse events was 2 days (interquartile range 0–36 days). Among the factors significantly influencing oxaliplatin-related neurological adverse events, male sex and combination medication decreased the risk of neurological adverse events, while higher cumulative dose increased the risk.ConclusionThe real-world neurotoxicity spectrum of oxaliplatin and its characteristics and influencing factors were obtained through data mining of FAERS, providing valuable insights for healthcare professionals to effectively manage the risk of neurological adverse events associated with oxaliplatin in clinical practice.
Detection of Alzheimer’s disease using Otsu thresholding with tunicate swarm algorithm and deep belief network
Authors: Ganesan Praveena , Ramesh G. P. , Falkowski-Gilski Przemysław , Falkowska-Gilska Bożena 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disorder characterized by cognitive and memory dysfunctions. The early detection of AD is necessary to reduce the mortality rate through slowing down its progression. The prevention and detection of AD is the emerging research topic for many researchers. The structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) is an extensively used imaging technique in detection of AD, because it efficiently reflects the brain variations.Methods: Machine learning and deep learning models are widely applied on sMRI images for AD detection to accelerate the diagnosis process and to assist clinicians for timely treatment. In this article, an effective automated framework is implemented for early detection of AD. At first, the Region of Interest (RoI) is segmented from the acquired sMRI images by employing Otsu thresholding method with Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (TSA). The TSA finds the optimal segmentation threshold value for Otsu thresholding method. Then, the vectors are extracted from the RoI by applying Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Local Directional Pattern variance (LDPv) descriptors. At last, the extracted vectors are passed to Deep Belief Networks (DBN) for image classification.Results and Discussion: The proposed framework achieves supreme classification accuracy of 99.80% and 99.92% on the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle flagship work of ageing (AIBL) datasets, which is higher than the conventional detection models.
The time course of semantic ambiguity in visual word recognition: behavioral and ERP evidence for the lexical-semantic effect
Authors: Kim Joonwoo , Kim Sangyub , Nam Kichun 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionHomonyms are words with multiple, unrelated meanings that share a single form and pronunciation. These words provide valuable insights into how semantic representation is retrieved and selected independently of orthography and phonology. This study aims to investigate the temporal dynamics of lexical and semantic processing in the visual recognition of Korean words. Specifically, we examine how homonyms and unambiguous words are processed differently during a lexical decision task (LDT) with EEG recording, considering the effects of word frequency and the number of meanings (NOMs).MethodsParticipants performed a lexical decision task where they were required to determine if a visually presented stimulus was a valid Korean word. We compared the behavioral responses and event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by homonyms and unambiguous words, each possessing either high or low word frequency. Both subjective and objective NOMs were measured and manipulated, while controlling for the subjective balance of individual frequencies of meanings to control for confounding from the relatedness of meaning (ROM). For ERP analysis, a non-parametric cluster-based permutation test was employed in addition to the two time windows of interest (i.e., N400 and P600).ResultsBehavioral results indicated a marginally significant interaction between word frequency and semantic ambiguity along with a main effect of word frequency, showing faster and more accurate responses for high-frequency words. An ambiguity advantage was observed only for low-frequency words, with no significant effect found for high-frequency words. ERP results revealed that lexical-semantic interactions were reflected in the modulations of the N400 and P600 components. High-frequency homonyms elicited an enhanced N400 amplitude, while low-frequency homonyms showed a reduced P600 amplitude.DiscussionThe findings suggest that the activation of semantic information occurs simultaneously with lexical processing, rather than during post-lexical or decision-making processes. Furthermore, considering balanced homonyms were employed in this study, inhibitory competition may arise from the high-frequency individual meanings of high-frequency words. In contrast, in low-frequency words, a facilitative effect may arise from gains in global semantic activation or semantic feedback to the orthographic level.
In-person psychoeducational intervention to reduce rehospitalizations and improve the clinical course of major depressive disorder: a non-randomized pilot study
Authors: Breznoscakova Dagmar , Pallayova Maria , Izakova Lubomira , Kralova Maria 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundEmerging issues in the management of major depressive disorder (MDD) comprise a nonadherence to treatment and treatment failures, depressive recurrence and relapses, misidentification of incoming exacerbated phases and consequently, a chronification of depression. While antidepressant drugs constitute the standard of care for MDD, effective psychosocial interventions are needed to reduce rehospitalizations and other adverse events. The present study primarily investigated the effects and impact of implementing a structured psychoeducational intervention on the clinical course of MDD.MethodsA non-randomized comparative, pragmatic, pilot, single-center study of adults with nonpsychotic moderate or severe episode of MDD recently discharged from a psychiatric hospitalization. The consecutive subjects were allocated either to the intervention group (N=49) or to the attention control group (N=47), based on their preference. The psychoeducational intervention was based on a modified Munoz’s Depression Prevention Course. Subjects were followed up prospectively for two years.ResultsThe absolute changes in Beck anxiety inventory scale, Zung’s depression questionnaire, and Montgomery and Äsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) total scores at 6-month follow-up were comparable between the two groups. There were lower rates of the rehospitalization within one year (2.1% vs. 16.7%; P&lt;0.001) and less rehospitalizations after one year (6.3% vs. 25%; P&lt;0.001), lower rates of the ongoing sickness absence (11.5% vs. 29.2%; P&lt;0.001), less persons with disability due to MDD at 1-year follow-up (1% vs. 11.5%; P=0.002), and less nonadherent subjects who self-discontinued treatment (6.3% vs. 28.1%; P&lt;0.001) among participants in the intervention group compared to the control group. The disability due to MDD at 1-year follow-up was predicted by the absence of the psychoeducational intervention (P=0.002) and by the MADRS total score at 6-month follow-up (OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.003–1.195; P=0.044). Qualitative data indicated the intervention was desired and appreciated by the participants, as well as being practical to implement in Slovakian clinical settings.ConclusionThe results suggest the psychoeducational intervention based on a modified Munoz’s Depression Prevention Course has beneficial effects in adults with MDD recently discharged from a psychiatric hospitalization. The findings implicate the psychoeducational intervention may offer a new approach to the prevention of depressive relapses.
How health seeking behavior develops in patients with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study based on health belief model in China
Authors: Du Qiu-hui , Zhang Zi-chen , Yang You , Luo Xiao-xi , Liu Li , Jia Hong-hong 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundType 2 diabetes(T2DM) is a global health problem which is accompanied with multi-systemic complications, and associated with long-term health burden and economic burden. Effective health seeking behavior (HSB) refers to reasonably utilize health resources, effectively prevent and treat diseases, and maintain health. Effective health seeking behavior (HSB) is vital to mitigate the risk of T2DM complications. However, health seeking behavior for T2DM patients remains sub-optimal worldwide.ObjectiveThe study aimed to explore the internal logic of how health seeking behavior of T2DM patients develops and the influencing factors of health seeking behavior. With a view to provide a reference basis for improving the health seeking behavior situation of T2DM patients.MethodsThis study was conducted at an integrated tertiary hospital in China. People who were diagnosed with T2DM, capable of expressing clearly and had no mental illness, were approached based on a purposive sampling. The experience of T2DM and health seeking behavior were collected via in-depth interviews. A theory-driven thematic analysis based on Health Belief Model (HBM) was applied for data analysis. Inductive reasoning was used to identify emerging themes which were not included in HBM.Results26 patients with T2DM were included in the current study. Seven themes were identified, including: (1) T2DM diagnosis and severity; (2) T2DM treatment and management; (3) Perceived susceptibility of diabetes progression; (4) Perceived severity of diabetes progression; (5) Perceived benefits of health seeking behavior; (6) Perceived barriers of health seeking behavior; (7) Perception of behavioral cues. Generally, patients with T2DM lacked reliable sources of information, considered T2DM to be slow-progressing and without posing an immediate threat to life. Consequently, they did not fully grasp the long-term risks associated with T2DM or the protective effects of health seeking behavior.ConclusionThis study highlighted the challenges in health seeking behavior for patients with T2DM. It suggested that future interventions and strategies should involve multi-faceted approaches, targeting healthcare providers (HCPs), patients with T2DM, and their support networks. This comprehensive strategy can help patients better understand their condition and the importance of effective health seeking behavior. Ultimately, enhancing their capacity for adopting appropriate health-seeking practices.
Effect of dexmedetomidine on somatosensory- and motor-evoked potentials in patients receiving craniotomy under propofol-sevoflurane combined anesthesia
Authors: Yang Xue , Zhang Xinyi , Lin Puxuan , Liu Zeheng , Deng Shuhang , Liang Shanwen , Zhu Xinyi , Qiao Qianqian , Chen Qianxue 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionDexmedetomidine is often used as an adjunct to total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) for procedures requiring intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IONM). However, it has been reported that dexmedetomidine might mask the warning of a neurological deficit on intraoperative monitoring.MethodsWe reviewed the intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring data of 47 patients who underwent surgery and IONM from March 2019 to March 2021 at the Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. Pre- and postoperative motor function scores were recorded and analyzed. Dexmedetomidine was administered intravenously at 0.5 μg/kg/h 40 min after anesthesia and discontinued after 1 h in the dexmedetomidine group.ResultsWe found that the amplitude of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tce-MEPs) was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group than in the negative control group (P &lt; 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in the somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs) amplitude or the Tce-MEPs or SSEPs latency. There was no significant decrease in postoperative motor function in the dexmedetomidine group compared with the preoperative group, suggesting that there is no evidence that dexmedetomidine affects patient prognosis. In addition, we noticed a synchronized bilateral decrease in the Tce-MEPs amplitude in the dexmedetomidine group and a mostly unilateral decrease on the side of the brain injury in the positive control group (P = 0.001).DiscussionAlthough dexmedetomidine does not affect the prognosis of patients undergoing craniotomy, the potential risks and benefits of applying it as an adjunctive medication during craniotomy should be carefully evaluated. When dexmedetomidine is administered, Tce-MEPs should be monitored. When a decrease in the Tce-MEPs amplitude is detected, the cause of the decrease in the MEPs amplitude can be indirectly determined by whether the decrease is bilateral.
Do we need post-tree thinning management? Prescribed fire and goat browsing to control woody encroacher species in an Ethiopian savanna
Authors: Abate Teshome , Abebe Tesfaye , Treydte Anna 
Published: July 2024

Worldwide, bush encroachment threatens rangeland ecosystem services, including plant biodiversity and forage for livestock. Various control methods for encroaching woody species and restoring herbaceous vegetation exist but have rarely been explored experimentally. We assessed the impact of post-tree thinning management on tree mortality, the herbaceous community, and overall rangeland condition in Borana, an Ethiopian savanna ecosystem. At two 1.4 ha areas of encroached mono-specific Vachellia drepanolobium (whistling thorn) stands, we set up twenty-four 20 × 10 m experimental plots with four post-tree-thinning treatments (goat browsing only (1), prescribed fire (2), fire and goat browsing (3), and control (4) (i.e., no management after tree cutting), with three replications in a complete block design. Over two growing periods, we monitored resulting tree mortality, coppicing, seedling mortality and recruitment, as well as herbaceous layer attributes (diversity, biomass) and overall rangeland condition. All three post-tree thinning management scenarios significantly enhanced tree mortalities, reduced seedling recruitment and increased the abundance of the dominant desirable grass species. Prescribed fire and fire and goat-browsing treatments resulted in significantly greater grass and forb species richness, forb diversity, and biomass, as well as the overall rangeland condition compared to goat browsing only and the control treatment. However, grass species diversity did not respond to treatments. Post-tree management significantly increased tree mortality, reduced seedling recruitment, and increased the abundance of desirable grass species. Our findings strongly suggest that post-thinning management, particularly prescribed fire or a combination of fire and browsing, is highly effective in suppressing woody encroachment and improving biomass and overall rangeland condition.
Concurrent Validity of Depth-Sensor-Based Quantification of Compensatory Movements during the Swing Phase of Gait in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Kusuda Kento , Matsubara Shigehito , Noguchi Daisuke , Kuwahara Moe , Hamasaki Hiroomi , Miwa Toshihiro , Maeda Toru , Nakanishi Toshihito , Ninomiya Shogo , Honda Keita 
Published: July 2024

The advancement in depth-sensor technology increased the potential for the clinical use of markerless three-dimensional motion analysis (3DMA); however, the accurate quantification of depth-sensor-based 3DMA on gait characteristics deviating from normal patterns is unclear. This study investigated the concurrent validity of the measurements of compensatory movements measured by depth-sensor-based 3DMA compared to those measured by marker-based 3DMA. We induced swing-phase compensatory movements due to insufficient toe clearance by restricting unilateral ankle and knee joint movements in healthy individuals. Thirty-two healthy young adults (nineteen males, aged 20.4 ± 2.0 years, height 164.4 ± 9.8 cm, weight 60.0 ± 9.3 kg [average ± standard deviation]) walked the 6 m walkway in slow speed, very slow speed, and knee–ankle–foot orthosis (KAFO; participants wore KAFOs on the right leg) conditions. Gait kinematics were measured with marker-based and depth-sensor-based 3DMA systems. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC3,1) was used to measure the relative agreement between depth-sensor-based and marker-based 3DMA and demonstrated good or moderate validity for swing-phase compensatory movement measurement. Additionally, the ICC2,1 measured absolute agreement between the systems and showed lower validity than the ICC3,1. The measurement errors for contralateral vaulting, trunk lateral flexion, hip hiking, swing-side hip abduction, and circumduction between instruments were 0.01 m, 1.30°, 1.99°, 2.37°, and 1.53°, respectively. Depth-sensor-based 3DMA is useful for determining swing-phase compensatory movements, although the possibility of missing a slight measurement error of 1–2° must be considered.
Natural History of the Genus Elasmoderus Saussure, 1888 (Orthoptera: Tristiridae), an Endemic and Eremic Element of the Transitional Coastal Desert of Chile
Authors: Pizarro-Luna Mario , Alfaro Fermín M. , Elgueta Mario , Pizarro-Araya Jaime 
Published: July 2024

The genus Elasmoderus belongs to the family Tristiridae, an orthopteran group that is distributed across the transitional region of South America and represented in the Andean areas of Peru, Argentina, and Chile. The species of Elasmoderus have morphological adaptations that make them especially suited for surviving in extreme arid environments and are an endemic and eremic group of the north-central region of Chile. On the basis of field samplings, direct observations, and a comprehensive literature review, we collected information about the genus Elasmoderus. The objectives of this research were: (i) to provide updated information on the geographical distribution range of the species of the genus Elasmoderus, and (ii) to collect and synthesize the most relevant information on the natural history and ecology of this orthopteran group as a basis for future long-term studies of its populations. Although this genus is underrepresented compared to other orthopteran families, it has developed interesting adaptations to extreme arid environments that remain unstudied to this date. E. lutescens is known to be one of the species with a wider latitudinal distribution, mostly on the coast and longitudinal valley of Atacama. E. minutus has a more restricted distribution, whereas E. wagenknechti is concentrated in coastal and interior environments of the Coquimbo region, an area where it reaches high population densities, thus affecting crops and natural vegetation and polluting water sources. Our findings underscore the importance of conducting comprehensive research on native insect groups that are poorly known but crucial for arid and semiarid ecosystems. These data will serve as a starting point for conducting long-term studies on this orthopteran group to gain a better understanding of the importance and role of these species in the semiarid ecosystems of northern Chile.
Intradevice Repeatability and Interdevice Comparison of Two Specular Microscopy Devices in a Real-Life Setting: Tomey EM-4000 and Nidek CEM-530
Authors: Kecik Mateusz , Kropp Martina , Thumann Gabriele , Pajic Bojan , Guber Josef , Guber Ivo 
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare two commercially available specular microscopes (Tomey EM-4000 and Nidek CEM-530) in a real-life clinical setting in terms of intra- and interdevice variability. The study was conducted on all patients seen in a clinical practice specializing in anterior segment pathologies, regardless of the purpose of their visit. Materials and Methods: In total, 112 eyes of 56 patients (age 23–85 years old) were included in the study. Each eye was measured three times with each device (for a total of six measurements), and results for central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) were recorded. The results were then evaluated with the D’Agostino–Pearson normality test and compared with a Wilcoxon signed-rank test, t-test, ANOVA or Mann–Whitney test for intra- and interdevice variability. Results: Both specular microscopes produced very reliable reproducible intradevice results: The Tomey EM-4000 measured an ECD of 2390 ± 49.57 cells/mm2 (mean ± standard error of mean); the range was 799–3010 cells/mm2. The determined CCT was 546 ± 5.104 µm (mean ± standard error of mean [SEM]); the range was 425–615 µm. The measurements with the Nidek CEM-530 revealed an ECD of 2417 ± 0.09 cells/mm2 (mean ± SEM); the range was 505–3461 cells/mm2 (mean ± SEM). The mean CCT detected was 546.3 ± 4.937 µm (mean ± SEM); the range was 431–621 µm. The interdevice differences were statistically significant for both parameters, ECD (p = 0.0175) and CCT (p = 0.0125) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The Nidek CEM-530 and the Tomey EM-4000 both produced reliable and reproducible results in terms of ECD and CCT. The absolute measurements were statistically significantly different for CCT and ECD for both devices; the Nidek produces slightly higher values.
O currículo da/para a Educação do Campo: apontamentos teóricos e normativos
Authors: Oliveira Mendes Santana Cintia Wanily , Rêgo da Rocha Genylton Odilon 
Published: July 2024

A Educação do Campo nasce a partir de movimentos sociais contrários à educação mercadológica e urbanocêntrica imposta aos povos das florestas, dos rios, dos quilombos e dos assentamentos da Reforma Agrária. Reivindica-se um projeto de educação que integre e valorize os saberes e experiências desses múltiplos sujeitos que ressoam na rigidez do currículo normativo. Este estudo é um recorte da pesquisa de mestrado em andamento no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Currículo e Gestão da Escola Básica na Universidade Federal do Pará, que tem como objeto de pesquisa o currículo da/para a Educação do Campo implementado pela Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental de Cururu localizada no município de Salvaterra/Pará. Neste texto, apresentamos um levantamento bibliográfico e documental cujo objetivo é identificar o que os teóricos que se debruçam sobre o estudo da Educação do Campo e a legislação educacional brasileira em vigor orientam sobre a construção do currículo da/para as escolas do campo. Para tanto, utilizamos a pesquisa documental como instrumento metodológico. Concluímos que a Educação do Campo, no contexto de discussão dos documentos e autores, traz para o debate a singularidade do campo, suas formas próprias de organização, sua cultura, tradições e relações estabelecidas com o território. São singularidades que atravessam o currículo prescrito e disputam espaço no currículo real. Nessa relação, reivindica-se o real papel do currículo na transformação social, na construção da identidade e da formação do educando em sua integralidade.
Palavras-chave: Educação do Campo. Currículo. Pesquisa documental.