bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Necesidades en Padres Varones con Parejas Adolescentes
Authors: Aracena Marcela , Undurraga Consuelo , González María de la Luz , Cruzat Claudia , Kopplin Erika , Benavente Angela , Cameratti Claudia , Silva Soledad 
Published: December 2013

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo, describir las necesidades que presentan jóvenes que van a ser padres o lo han sido recientemente, siendo la madre de sus hijos adolescente. El propósito es favorecer la realización de un programa educativo de apoyo a padres jóvenes.Los jóvenes entrevistados sienten una fuerte necesidad de reunirse con otros queestán en su misma situación, ya que quieren aprender, compartir experiencias, desahogarse y demostrar interés en su pareja e hijo. Sin embargo, existen pocas instancias observándose una dificultad para acercarse a ellos con el objetivode que se reúnan y traten temas de su interés. Por esto, se plantea la necesidad de diseñar nuevas estrategias de acercamiento, adecuándose más a sus necesidades.
Detección Precoz de Factores de Riesgo de Salud Mental en Escolares
Authors: George Miriam , Squicciarini Ana María , Zapata Rolando , Guzmán María Paz , Hartley Marcela , Silva Cecilia 
Published: December 2013

El artículo incorpora antecedentes teóricos del ámbito de la salud mental infantil,analiza los problemas que se relacionan con la detección de factores de riesgo en escolares de 1º a 4º de enseñanza básica, desde evaluadores naturales del niño en el contexto de la escuela. Explica los procedimientos utilizados en la adaptación y validación del instrumento de detección de riesgo TOCA–R (Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation – Revised), utilizado en el Programa de intervención psicosocial, “Habilidades para la Vida”, implementado desde 1997, por Junaeb (Junta Nacional de Auxilio Escolar y Becas), en escuelas municipales y particulares subvencionadas, con altos índices de vulnerabilidad escolar. Aporta resultados de la revisión y adecuación del instrumento TOCA–R, manteniendo sus condiciones de confiabilidad, con el objetivo de contribuir a la costo efectividad de la intervención psicosocial del programa Habilidades para la Vida.
Ser Hombre, Ser Mujer en la Sexualidad Adolescente
Authors: Márquez Barradas María Luz , Pérez Rosiles Lourdes , Sibaja Terán Beatriz 
Published: December 2013

Los jóvenes expresan un liberalismo sexual que al parecer es más discursivo quepráctico; los datos que aquí se presentan muestran que sus actitudes siguen siendoaltamente conservadoras. De una muestra de estudiantes de educación media superior se retoman datos sobre su opinión y valoración acerca de algunas cuestiones referidas a la sexualidad, y se presentan en forma comparativa hombres y mujeres con el fin de denotar sus diferencias.
Estrategias de Afrontamiento de Padres de Niños con Secuelas de Quemaduras Visibles
Authors: Lagos H. Evelyn , Loubat O. Margarita , Muñoz A. Elizabeth , Vera de la F. Paula 
Published: December 2013

La presente investigación tuvo por objeto relacionar las estrategias de afrontamiento de padres de niños quemados con los niveles de ansiedad presentados por sus hijos. Para ello, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa y un diseño de tipo descriptivo–correlacional.La muestra estuvo conformada por 49 niños (as) y sus padres que los acompañaban en su tratamiento en COANIQUEM. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado–rasgo para Niños de Spielberger y el Cuestionario de Modos de Afrontamiento de Lazarus y Folkman.Los resultados señalan que las estrategias de afrontamiento Autocontrol, Reinterpretación positiva, Resolución planificada y Aceptación de la responsabilidadcorrelacionan significativamente con bajos niveles de ansiedad en los niños quemados.
Memoria de Trabajo y Envejecimiento
Authors: Gontier B. Jorge 
Published: December 2013

Memoria de trabajo es un mecanismo cognitivo que almacena información temporalmente para ser usada y/o almacenada permanentemente. La memoria de trabajo puede ser afectada por el abuso de drogas y otras condiciones psicopatológicas. Existe también un importante efecto del envejecimiento en la rapidez y exactitud del procesamiento de información en la memoria de trabajo observado al comparar el desempeño de jóvenes y de adultos mayores en tareas de memoria de trabajo. El artículo es una revisión de investigaciones sobre el efecto de la edad en la memoria de trabajo. El creciente segmento de la población chilena mayor de 60 años hace necesario desarrollar conocimiento sobre su funcionamiento cognitivo para así facilitar su integración a la sociedad.
Impact of intrapancreatic or extrapancreatic bile duct involvement on survival following pancreatoduodenectomy for common bile duct cancer
Authors: Kamposioras K , Anthoney A , Fernández Moro C , Cairns A , Smith A M , Liaskos C , Verbeke C S 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
The clinicopathological factors that influence survival following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for common bile duct (CBD) cancer are not well known. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tumour involvement of the intrapancreatic versus extrapancreatic CBD on margin status, overall (OS) and disease-free (DFS) survival.

Methods
This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent PD for CBD cancer between 2001 and 2009. Pathological examination was performed according to a previously described standardized protocol based on axial slicing. Clinicopathological data and outcome in terms of margin status, DFS and OS were compared between cancers involving exclusively the intrapancreatic CBD (CBDin) and those involving the extrapancreatic CBD, in isolation or combined with invasion of the intrapancreatic part of the duct (CBDex).

Results
A total of 66 patients were enrolled. Most CBD cancers were locally advanced (97 per cent pathological (p) T3, 76 per cent pN1). Microscopic margin involvement (R1) was more frequent in CBDex than in CBDin cancers (34 of 39 versus 13 of 27; P = 0·001), more often multifocal (P &lt; 0·001) and more frequently affected the periductal margin (P = 0·005). Venous resection was more often required for CBDex cancers (P = 0·009). CBDex cancers were associated with worse OS (median 21 versus 28 months; P = 0·020) and DFS (14 versus 31 months; P = 0·015), but the rate and site of recurrence did not differ. Metastasis to more than two lymph nodes was an independent predictor of OS and DFS.

Conclusion
CBDex cancer is associated with a higher rate of R1 resection and venous resection after PD, and has a worse outcome than CBDin cancer.
Optimizing the outcome of vascular intervention for Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Perera A H , Youngstein T , Gibbs R G J , Jackson J E , Wolfe J H , Mason J C 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Takayasu arteritis (TA) predisposes to the development of arterial stenoses and aneurysms, and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality amongst young patients. The aims of this study were to analyse indications and outcomes of surgical intervention, and to assess the potential benefits of immunosuppression and the use of perioperative imaging.

Methods
This was a retrospective review of patients with TA referred between 2001 and 2012.

Results
A series of 97 patients with TA, seen at a single tertiary centre, is reported. Immunosuppression was required in 87 patients (90 per cent). Thirty-seven (38 per cent) underwent 64 procedures: 27 patients underwent 33 open surgical procedures and 20 patients had 31 endovascular procedures. After a median follow-up of 6 years, the overall success rate was 79 per cent for open surgery (mean graft patency 9·4 years) and 52 per cent for endovascular procedures (P = 0·035). Procedural failure was significantly reduced in patients receiving preoperative immunosuppression, and particularly endovascular procedures (P = 0·001). In addition to clinical examination and measurement of acute-phase reactants, combination non-invasive imaging including Doppler ultrasonography, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose combined positron emission and computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance angiography and CT angiography was used to identify arterial lesions, establish the diagnosis and monitor treatment outcomes.

Conclusion
Outcomes of vascular intervention in TA may be improved by detailed preoperative assessment including measurement of disease activity, and by ensuring optimal immunomodulatory therapy before and after the procedure.
Patient‐reported outcomes in women with breast cancer enrolled in a dual‐center, double‐blind, randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of acupuncture in reducing aromatase inhibitor‐induced musculoskeletal symptoms
Authors: Bao Ting , Cai Ling , Snyder Claire , Betts Kelly , Tarpinian Karineh , Gould Jeff , Jeter Stacie , Medeiros Michelle , Chumsri Saranya , Bardia Aditya , Tan Ming , Singh Harvinder , Tkaczuk Katherin H. R. , Stearns Vered 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDAromatase inhibitors (AIs) have been associated with decrements in patient‐reported outcomes (PROs). The objective of this study was to assess whether real acupuncture (RA), compared with sham acupuncture (SA), improves PROs in patients with breast cancer who are receiving an adjuvant AI.METHODSPostmenopausal women with a stage 0 through III breast cancer who received an AI and had treatment‐associated musculoskeletal symptoms were randomized to receive 8 weekly RA versus SA in a dual‐center, randomized controlled trial. The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) menopausal symptoms questionnaire, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CESD) scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the hot flash daily diary, the Hot Flash‐Related Daily Interference Scale (HFRDI), and the European quality‐of‐life survey (EuroQol) were used to assess PROs at baseline and at 4weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks.RESULTSThe intention‐to‐treat analysis included 23 patients in the RA arm and 24 patients in the SA arm. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups. Compared with baseline, scores in the RA arm improved significantly at week 8 on the CESD (P = .022), hot flash severity (P = .006), hot flash frequency (P = .011), the HFRDI (P = .014), and NSABP menopausal symptoms (P = .022); scores in the SA arm improved significantly on the EuroQol (P = .022),the HFRDI (P = .043), and NSABP menopausal symptoms (P = .005). Post‐hoc analysis indicated that African American patients (n = 9) benefited more from RA than SA compared with non‐African American patients (n = 38) in reducing hot flash severity (P < .001) and frequency (P < .001) scores.CONCLUSIONSBoth RA and SA were associated with improvement in PROs among patients with breast cancer who were receiving AIs, and no significant difference was detected between arms. Racial differences in response to acupuncture warrant further study. Cancer 2014;120:381–389. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
The Early Cognitive Development of Children at High Risk of Developing an Eating Disorder
Authors: Kothari Radha , Rosinska Magda , Treasure Janet , Micali Nadia 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDiagnosis of an eating disorder (ED) has been associated with differences in cognition. Recent evidence suggests that differences may be present prior to onset. Children at familial high risk for ED show cognitive differences at ages 8–10 years. Research is required to investigate differences in cognitive development at various time points. This is the first study to investigate cognitive development in children at high risk at 18 months (Griffiths Mental Development Scale; n = 982) and 4 years old (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence—Revised; n = 582), in comparison with children not at risk, using a general population sample, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Children of women with lifetime anorexia nervosa revealed difficulties in social understanding, visual‐motor function, planning and abstract reasoning. Cognitive differences observed here have also been observed in clinical groups. This suggests difficulties may be present prior to onset, potentially affecting risk status for development of ED. Findings contribute to an understanding of aetiology, and design of prevention/intervention strategies. Copyright © 2013 The Authors. European Eating Disorders Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
The use of sediment toxicity identification evaluation methods to evaluate clean up targets in an urban estuary
Authors: Greenstein Darrin J , Bay Steven M , Young Diana L , Asato Stanford , Maruya Keith A , Lao Wenjian 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The Ballona Creek Estuary (BCE) in Los Angeles, California, is in a highly urbanized watershed, is contaminated by a variety of chemicals, and has prevalent sediment toxicity. Sediment cleanup targets for BCE have been established for Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, chlordane, DDTs, PCBs, and PAHs, based on sediment quality guidelines. A sediment toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) was conducted to examine how these targets corresponded to toxicity observed with the estuarine amphipod Eohaustorius estuarius. Whole sediment and porewater TIEs were used to identify the cause of toxicity. Passive samplers were deployed to determine the bioavailable fraction of contaminants. Spiked sediment tests were conducted to determine the thresholds of toxicity for selected constituents. Toxicity was found to be widespread but temporally and spatially variable. Whole sediment and porewater TIEs both indicated pyrethroid pesticides were the most likely contaminant group contributing to the toxicity. Concentrations of the chemicals listed for cleanup were found to often exceed target values but were not observed at concentrations likely to cause toxicity. Bioavailable fractions of the target chemicals quantified using passive samplers did not exceed toxicity thresholds. Spiked sediment tests established 10 day LC50s for 4,4′ DDE, 4, 4′ DDT, α-chlordane, and cyfluthrin at &gt;3050 μg/g, 266 μg/g, &gt;2120 μg/g, and 0.33 μg/g organic carbon (OC), respectively. The cyfluthrin LC50 was within the range of concentrations observed in the estuary sediments, but LC50s for the other 3 chemicals were orders of magnitude greater than observed levels. The combination of TIE, sediment chemistry and the results from spiked sediment exposures indicate pyrethroid pesticides are more likely the cause of the observed toxicity than any of the contaminants targeted for cleanup. The results of this study indicate the importance of using a TIE approach to determine chemicals of concern and dose-response information to set cleanup targets, rather than using sediment quality guidelines. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:260–268. © 2013 SETAC
Key Points
Sediment quality guidelines are often used to inform management decisions regarding contaminated sediments, such as determining chemicals of concern and clean up target concentrations. Different conclusions were obtained in an urban estuary for stressor identifications using sediment quality guidelines versus site specific assessments with toxicity identification evaluations, bioavailable chemical measurements, and spiked sediment exposures. Sediment quality guideline based clean up target concentrations were often multiple orders of magnitude below the concentrations found to be toxic by the spiked sediment exposures.
Foot and ankle joint movements inside orthoses for children with spastic CP
Authors: Liu Xue‐Cheng , Embrey David , Tassone Channing , Klingbeil Frederick , Marquez‐Barrientos Carlos , Brandsma Brenna , Lyon Roger , Schwab Jeffrey , Tarima Sergey , Thometz John 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTWe compared the ankle joint and foot segment kinematics of pediatric cerebral palsy (CP) participants walking with and without orthoses. A six segment foot model (6SF) was used to track foot motion. Holes were cut in the study orthoses so that electromagnetic markers could be directly placed on the skin. The Hinged Ankle Foot Orthoses (HAFO) allowed a significant increase in ankle dorsiflexion as compared to the barefoot condition during gait, but significantly constrained sagittal forefoot motion and forefoot sagittal range of motion (ROM) (p < 0.01), which may be detrimental. The Solid Ankle Foot Orthoses (SAFO) constrained forefoot ROM as compared to barefoot gait (p < 0.01). The 6SF model did not confirm that the SAFO can control excessive plantarflexion for those with severe plantarflexor spasticity. The supramalleolar orthosis (SMO) significantly (p < 0.01) constrained forefoot ROM as compared to barefoot gait at the beginning and end of the stance phase, which could be detrimental. The SMO had no effects observed in the coronal plane. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:531–536, 2014.
Serum influences the expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum‐sensing genes and QS‐controlled virulence genes during early and late stages of growth
Authors: Kruczek Cassandra , Qaisar Uzma , Colmer‐Hamood Jane A. , Hamood Abdul N. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn response to diverse environmental stimuli at different infection sites, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a serious nosocomial pathogen, coordinates the production of different virulence factors through a complicated network of the hierarchical quorum‐sensing (QS) systems including the las, rhl, and the 2‐alkyl‐4‐quinolone‐related QS systems. We recently showed that at early stages of growth serum alters the expression of numerous P. aeruginosa genes. In this study, we utilized transcriptional analysis and enzyme assays to examine the effect of serum on the QS and QS‐controlled virulence factors during early and late phases of growth of the P. aeruginosa strain PAO1. At early phase, serum repressed the transcription of lasI, rhlI, and pqsA but not lasR or rhlR. However, at late phase, serum enhanced the expression of all QS genes. Serum produced a similar effect on the synthesis of the autoinducers 3OC12‐HSL, C4‐HSL, and HHQ/PQS. Additionally, serum repressed the expression of several QS‐controlled genes in the early phase, but enhanced them in the late phase. Furthermore, serum influenced the expression of different QS‐positive (vqsR, gacA, and vfr) as well as QS‐negative (rpoN, qscR, mvaT, and rsmA) regulatory genes at either early or late phases of growth. However, with the exception of PAOΔvfr, we detected comparable levels of lasI/lasR expression in PAO1 and PAO1 mutants defective in these regulatory genes. At late stationary phase, serum failed to enhance lasI/lasR expression in PAOΔvfr. These results suggest that depending on the phase of growth, serum differentially influenced the expression of P. aeruginosa QS and QS‐controlled virulence genes. In late phase, serum enhanced the expression of las genes through vfr.
Emerging clinical trends and perspectives on comorbid patterns of mental disorders in research
Authors: Fava Giovanni A. , Tossani Eliana , Bech Per , Berrocal Carmen , Chouinard Guy , Csillag Claudio , Wittchen Hans‐Ulrich , Rief Winfried 
Published: December 2013

AbstractComorbidity is a well‐established and documented phenomenon in mental disorders and medicine with heuristic value. The concept of comorbidity remains however poorly defined and lacks a comprehensive and coherent theoretical framework. There is a need to develop coherent methodological strategies in order to promote a fuller understanding of the implications of comorbidity and to exploit its potential value with regard to etiopathogenic and therapeutic issues. This position paper makes recommendations of improved methodological standards and procedures and discusses a range of options that can provide incremental information that is likely to improve therapeutic outcomes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predominantly placenta‐expressed mRNAs in maternal plasma as predictive markers for twin–twin transfusion syndrome
Authors: Miura Kiyonori , Higashijima Ai , Miura Shoko , Mishima Hiroyuki , Yamasaki Kentaro , Abe Shuhei , Hasegawa Yuri , Kaneuchi Masanori , Yoshida Atsushi , Kinoshita Akira , Yoshiura Koh‐ichiro , Masuzaki Hideaki 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to identify a set of predominantly placental (PP) mRNAs, which are associated with later‐developing twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).MethodFirst, out of 50 PP mRNAs we previously reported, we select target mRNAs that are ordinarily detectable in maternal plasma. Plasma concentrations of these PP mRNAs were measured in monochorionic diamniotic twin (MCDA‐T) pregnancies complicated by TTTS later (n = 11) and in uncomplicated MCDA‐T pregnancies (n = 17). Finally, the diagnostic values of the PP mRNAs in plasma were evaluated.ResultsFrom 50 PP mRNAs, nine [human placental lactogen (hPL); pregnancy‐specific glycoproteins 2 (PSG2); human pregnancy‐specific glycoproteins 3 (PSG3); syncytin; syncytin 2; retinoic acid‐induced 14; A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain‐containing protein 12 (ADAM12); chorionic glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide; and chorionic glycoprotein hormones, and beta polypeptide] were selected as target mRNAs. Changes in six PP mRNAs [increased hPL, PSG2, and PSG3 and decreased syncytin, syncytin2, and ADAM12] in maternal plasma were detected in MCDA‐T pregnant women who subsequently developed TTTS. Finally, mRNA signatures gave elevated AUCs (hPL/PSG2: 0.8717; hPL/PSG3: 0.8449; hPL/ADAM12: 0.8396) compared with single hPL mRNA.ConclusionQuantitative aberration of plural cell‐free PP mRNAs in maternal plasma precedes the appearance of clinically apparent TTTS. This suggests that pathophysiological changes in the placenta are associated with morbid conditions of TTTS. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel transparent ceramics for solid-state lasers
Authors: Yang Hao , Zhang Jian , Luo Dewei , Lin Hui , Shen Deyuan , Tang Dingyuan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractRecent progress on rare-earth doped polycrystalline YAG transparent ceramics has made them an alternative novel solid-state laser gain material. In this paper we present results of our research on polycrystalline RE:YAG transparent ceramics. High optical quality YAG ceramics doped with various rare-earth (RE) ions such as ${\rm Nd}^{3+}$, ${\rm Yb}^{3+}$, ${\rm Er}^{3+}$, ${\rm Tm}^{3+}$, and ${\rm Ho}^{3+}$ have been successfully fabricated using the solid-state reactive sintering method. Highly efficient laser oscillations of the fabricated ceramics are demonstrated.
b-Stability and Blow-Ups
Authors: Donaldson S. K. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe study a notion of ‘b-stability’, introduced previously by the author in connection with the existence of constant scalar curvature Kähler, and Kähler-Einstein, metrics. The main result is Theorem 1.2, which makes progress towards a statement that the existence of such metrics implies b-stability. The proof is a modification of an argument of Stoppa, taking account of the birational transformations involved in the definition of b-stability.