bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of IVF on the Risk of Placenta Abnormalities and Placenta- Related Complications in Twin Pregnancies: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Yi , Liu Ting , Gui Qian , Lan Xia , Xiong Jing , Luo Shujuan , Zhang Chen , Chen Ya , Wang Lan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have confirmed that in-vitro fertilization (IVF) is associated with higher risks of placenta abnormalities and complications. Considering the increased risk of twin and higher-order multiple pregnancies, we tried to investigate the association between IVF and the risk of placenta outcomes in twin pregnancies.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 3845 cases of twin pregnancies delivered at Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (CQHCWC) between 2017 and 2022. Poisson regression modeling with restricted cubic splines of exact maternal age was used to estimate the absolute risk of placenta outcomes in IVF and non-IVF groups. Main outcomes include placenta abnormalities (placenta previa, placental abruption, placenta accrete, and abnormal morphology of placenta) and placenta-related complications (gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, preterm birth, fetal distress, and fetal growth restriction (FGR)). To dissect the influence of chorionicity on the results, we further did the same analysis on the mono- and di-chorionic sub-group.
Results
The absolute risk of placenta previa, placenta accreta, placental abruption, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia are significantly higher in the IVF group than in the non-IVF group. While there are no significant differences in the absolute risk of abnormal placenta morphology, fetal distress, FGR, and preterm birth between the two groups. After we did further analysis on the dichorionic sub-group, we found the absolute risk of preterm birth was also higher in the IVF group than in the non-IVF group.
Conclusions
Twin pregnancies who received IVF treatment have a higher risk for most kinds of placenta abnormalities and placenta-related complications. Whether these risks have any further impact on maternal and fetal health needs further investigation.
Influence of socioeconomic determinants on health literacy and self- management practices among elderly residents in Thailand
Authors: Turnbull Niruwan , Kamonroek Nutchanun , Dalinjong Philip Ayizem , Naumoska Tatiana , Gupta Nidhi Rai , Roy Ronia , Wechkunanukul Kannikar Hannah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Socioeconomic factors are known to influence health literacy and self- management among elderly populations. This study investigated the influence of socioeconomic determinants on health literacy and self- management among elderly people living in both rural and urban areas in Thailand.
Methods
This study was conducted among elderly people living in one rural area (Phon Ngam village) and one urban area (Tha Ka Suem village). Data were collected between 1 March and 31 July 2021 using multiple validated tools with appropriate data analyses.
Results
A total of 2870 participants were recruited; comprising of 1430 participants in the rural area and 1440 participants in the urban area with a mean age of 69.7 ± 7.77 years. There was a significantly higher proportion of elderly people with financial dependent status in the rural area compared to those in the urban area (91.0% vs 81.3%, respectively, p < 0.001). Participants in the rural area significantly received health information more than those living in the urban area (95.1% vs 80.9%, p < 0.001), particularly health information from community health workers (88.5% vs 33.1%, respectively p < 0.001). The proportion of poor health literacy in many perspectives were significantly higher in the rural group than their urban counterpart, nonetheless the elderly in the rural area were more likely to perform self-care practices based on provided health information compared to those living in the urban area (42.5% vs 35.7%, respectively, p < 0.001) Overall, participants were overweight (mean BMI = 23.2 ± 3.9 Kg/m2), but the rural group had healthier BMI than the urban group (BMI 22.8 ± 4.01 vs 23.5 ± 3.80 Kg/m2 respectively, p < 0.001). Receiving health information was a significant predictor of appropriate self-management practices such as healthy weight management, healthy diet and being active.
Conclusions
Majority of the study population have received health information and had fair health literacy and self-management practices. Nonetheless, differences in health literacy and self-management existed between rural and urban areas. Future investigation of this public health issue is warranted to gain deep insights into the needs and barriers elderly people face in both rural and urban areas in Thailand. This will assist create health interventions and policies for this vulnerable population.
Aldehyde exposure induces axonal damage through inflammatory response
Authors: Lanling Lin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The potential neurological effects of low-concentration aldehydes in the human body remain largely unexplored. To address this, we conducted a study involving 331 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014. Utilizing logistic regression model, bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models, we examined the combined impact of serum aldehydes on the overall risk of axonal damage. Through bioinformatics and mediation analyses, we unraveled the mechanisms underlying aldehyde-induced axonal damage. In our logistic regression model, we found associations between isopentanaldehyde and hexanaldehyde with neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels (fourth vs. first quartile). BKMR analysis demonstrated a significant overall effect of aldehydes on NfL levels when all chemicals were at or above the 55th percentile, compared to the 50th percentile. Additionally, WQS regression analysis revealed a positive association between the WQS index and NfL concentrations(OR = 2.46, 95%CI: 1.27–4.73). In terms of pathways and hub genes, inflammatory response and TNF emerged as the top-ranking enrichment pathway and hub gene. Notably, mediation analysis indicated that WBC, MONO, and NEUT played significant roles in mediating the relationships between isopentanaldehyde and NfL concentrations. Collectively, the current evidence suggests that aldehyde exposure may elevate the risk of axonal damage through inflammatory response.
The transition from passive to active learner: medical student experiences of Case-Based Learning (CBL) at a multicultural medical school: Structured Group Feedback Study
Authors: Bruen Catherine , Illing Jan , Daly Ronan , Meagher Frances , Delany Caroline , Offiah Gozie , Doherty Sally , Stuart Ellen , Crehan Martina , Kelly Helen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Educational research highlights that active approaches to learning are more effective in knowledge retention and problem-solving. Yet lectures are still the dominant form of teaching in most medical schools. For international students, active learning approaches can be both more challenging and less familiar. Gaining student engagement with active learning can be a significant challenge when there is an expectation for students to participate in a discussion or voice an opinion. Case-based learning (CBL), with its scaffolded form of learning, is an approach that could provide the support needed to help international learners adapt to their new learning environment in a low-stakes learning environment. The research question in this study was: what are the features of CBL that support active learning in an international student cohort familiar with a more passive approach?
Methods
Data was collected using Structured Group Feedback Sessions (SGFS) from 36 students in eight Structured Group Feedback Sessions, a method that facilitates structured discussions and is effective in curriculum evaluation and feedback. The experience-based Learning model was used as the conceptual framework to guide the analysis, which was completed using framework analysis.
Results
Themes were derived from the Experience Based Learning model: affective, pedagogical, and organisational and analysed according to the research question. The findings illustrated that students enjoyed the CBL teaching method but needed to feel psychologically safe to participate. They welcomed the facilitator's role in enabling them to participate and role model teamwork and problem-solving. They valued organisational support, the authenticity of the case, and the patient-centred approach to the clinical cases.
Conclusions
The students valued the transition to active learning using CBL. Prior learning was essential to providing the context, knowledge, and confidence to engage actively in the case discussion. Having a facilitator to summarise the session and provide assurance were important learning points.
Replaced posterior cerebral artery with early branching temporal artery diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Uchino Akira , Tsuzuki Nobusuke 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To describe a case of replaced posterior cerebral artery (PCA) in which all branches of the PCA arose from the anterior choroidal artery (AChA) with an early branching temporal artery.
Methods
An 83-year-old man with cerebral infarctions underwent cranial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiography using a 3-Tesla scanner. MR angiography was performed using a standard 3-dimensional time-of-flight technique.
Results
A large anomalous artery arose from the supraclinoid segment of the right internal carotid artery (ICA) and supplied all branches of the right PCA, mimicking fetal-type PCA. The temporal branch arose from the proximal segment of this artery and followed a course similar to that of the AChA in its proximal segment. In MR angiographic source images, a tiny artery arose from the right ICA proximal to the origin of the anomalous artery, indicating a hypoplastic right posterior communicating artery (PCoA). Thus, we concluded that the anomalous artery was a replaced PCA; all branches of the PCA arose from the AChA.
Conclusion
We present a case involving a replaced PCA with an early branching temporal artery, as seen on MR angiography. Careful observation of MR angiographic source images is useful for identifying small arteries. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this combined variation in the relevant English-language literature.
Structural–Functional Coupling of Network Communication Predicts Mild Cognitive Impairment in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease: A Longitudinal Machine Learning Study
Authors: Yu Ziyang , Pang Huize , Li iaolu , Liu Yu , Bu Shuting , Wang Juzhou , Zhao Mengwan , Du Yinke , Yao Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Cognitive decline is a common brain injury associated with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The purpose of this study is to investigate the alterations in cognitive impairment structure and functional brain network topology in patients with ESRD.
Methods
This study analyzed predialysis diffusion and functional MRI data on 90 ESRD patients. Patients were diagnosed into mild cognitive impairment based on MoCA and MMSE scores after a two-year follow-up. By utilizing the topological properties of functional networks, structural networks, and structural functional coupling networks, we developed a machine learning model to predict cognitive impairment in patients.
Results
Machine learning models utilizing multimodal brain network topology properties show the highest accuracy in predicting MCI in ESRD patients, with an AUC of 0.928 in the training set and 0.903 in the test set. The SHAP analysis indicates that the main cognitive impairment pattern in ESRD patients involves a decrease in hippocampal SFC.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that structural and functional damage to the hippocampus was the main mechanism for ESRD leading to cognitive decline. Furthermore, our results have provided a novel and reliable SFC-based machine learning model to precisely predict the cognitive changes in ESRD patients.
Non-restraint in pediatric ankle sprain: A non-inferiority randomized clinical trial.
Authors: Suarez-Cabezas Sara , Perez-Moneo Begoña , Ortiz Maria Cabrerizo , Aparicio Monica Hortiguela , Gerez Carmen Gomez , Molanes-Lopez Elisa M. , Larrainzar-Garijo Ricardo , Lopez Paula Vazquez 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Ankle sprains are common injuries in pediatric populations, yet current literature lacks consensus on optimal management strategies. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of non-restraint treatment versus bandaging in children with mild ankle sprains, focusing on functional recovery and pain management.
Methods
A single-center, open-label, non-inferiority randomized clinical trial was conducted at a pediatric emergency service. Patients aged 5–16 years with mild ankle sprains were included. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either a standardized functional bandage or only general measures with non-restraint. The primary endpoints were a 10-point difference in the OXAFQ-C and a 2-point difference in pain intensity at day 5 after discharge.
Results
A total of 113 participants were randomly assigned to receive a functional bandage (n = 51) or non-restraint measures (n = 62). At day 5, the OXAFQ-C score in the non-restraint group was 76.59 (SD 15.51) and 69.71 (SD 15.24) in the restraint group, with a mean difference of 6.295 (90% CI -0.058 to 12.647). The mean difference in pain intensity was 0.048 (90% CI -0.741 to 0.838). No differences were observed in the OXAFQ-C scores or pain intensity at 14 and 30 days.
Conclusions
This single-center, randomized clinical trial demonstrates that non-restraint is non-inferior to bandaging for functional recovery and short- to medium-term pain management in pediatric patients with mild ankle sprains. The treatment was very well accepted among patients and no adverse effects were reported.
Retrospectively registered in January 2024 on clinicaltrials.org with identifier: NCT06189625.
Influence of recipient KRAS gene rs712 polymorphisms on the overall survival rate of Hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic transplantation
Authors: Chu Tiancheng , Zhang Rulin , Liu Xiaolei , Lin Li , Li Yanning , Niu Ziguang , Quan Heng , Zhao Yingying , Li Yaohua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence appears commonly after liver transplantation (LT), and it severely affected the long-term survival of patients. Previous studies have proved that Rap1A is involved in hepatocarcinogenesis and metastasis, and demonstrated the significant association between KRAS rs712 polymorphism and HCC. However, the relationship between KRAS rs712 polymorphism and HCC recurrence after LT remained unclear.
Methods
A total of 93 HCC patients who underwent LT from March 2008 to Dec 2015 was analyzed. The genotypes of both donors and recipients had been confirmed as KRAS rs712. The independent risk factors that associated with HCC recurrence were investigated with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated with Cox regression analysis. The KRAS rs712 genotype frequencies were determined using the Χ² test and the minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of KRAS rs712 genotypes were calculated by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Results
We found that the recipient KRAS rs712 polymorphism was significantly associated with HCC recurrence after LT. Moreover, the Milan criteria, microvascular invasion and recipient KRAS rs712 genotype were proved to be independent risk factors for HCC recurrence after LT. Patients with donor TG/TT genotypes had a significantly higher RFS and OS than TT genotype. The TNM stage, Milan criteria, microvascular invasion, Milan criteria, treatment and recipient KRAS rs712 genotype were independent factors for the RFS of LT patients.
Conclusions
Recipient KRAS rs712 polymorphism is associated with HCC recurrence after liver transplantation and plays as a promising bio-predictor of overall survival rate of HCC risks after hepatic transplantation.
Genetic Analysis of Preaxial Polydactyly: Identification of Novel Mutations and the Role of ZRS Duplications in a Chinese Cohort of 102 cases
Authors: Pu Siyu , Wang Zhibo , Tang Xueyang , Wang Daoxi , Yang Xiaodong , Jiang Jun , Deng Yifan , Xiang Bo , Yang Jiayin , Wang Bin , Chen Jing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Preaxial polydactyly (PPD) is a congenital limb malformation, previously reported to be caused primarily by mutations in the ZRS and upstream preZRS regions. This study investigated genetic variations associated with PPD, focusing on point mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) in the ZRS and preZRS regions.
Methods:
Comprehensive genetic analyses were conducted on 102 patients with PPD, including detailed clinical examinations and Sanger sequencing of the ZRS and preZRS regions. Additionally, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect CNVs in the ZRS region. The evolutionary conservation and population frequencies of identified mutations were also evaluated.
Results:
Six point mutations were identified, including four novel mutations with potential pathogenicity, namely, 93G > T (chr7:156584477), 106G > A (chr7:156584464), 278G > A (chr7:156584292), and 409A > C (chr7:156585378). Additionally, qPCR analysis revealed that 66.67% of patients exhibited ZRS duplications. Notably, these duplications were also present in cases with newly identified potential pathogenic point mutations. These findings suggest the possible interaction of point mutations in ZRS and preZRS through a common pathogenic mechanism, leading jointly to PPD.
Conclusion:
The findings expand the mutation spectrum associated with non-syndromic polydactyly and highlight that, despite different classifications, anterior polydactyly caused by mutations in ZRS and nearby regions may share common pathogenic mechanisms. The incorporation of various mutation types in genetic screening can effectively enhance the rate of pathogenic mutation detection and contribute to the cost-effectiveness of genetic testing for limb developmental defects, thereby promoting healthy births.
Is Ketamine Efficacious for Rapid Treatment of Acute Suicidal Ideation in an Emergency Setting? Lessons Learned from A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Barzkar Maryam , Alavi Kaveh , Malakouti Kazem , Khajeh-Azad Mohamad-Amin , Barzkar Farzaneh , Jalali-Nadoushan Amirhossein , Lahiji Mohammad Niakan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Ketamine has emerged as a promising agent for the rapid reduction of suicidal thoughts. However, its efficacy across a broader spectrum of psychiatric disorders remains underexplored.Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a single infusion of ketamine in inducing rapid remission of severe suicidal ideation, compared to Midazolam, in a population with acute suicidal thoughts.Methods In a double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in Tehran, Iran, from January to July 2022 (IRCT20220118053756N1), 36 inpatients with acute severe suicidal ideation were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either a single dose of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) or Midazolam (0.02 mg/kg). Suicidality was assessed using the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) and the Suicide-Visual Analog Scale (S-VAS) before the intervention and at 12 and 24 hours post-administration.Results At baseline, the Midazolam group exhibited significantly higher BSSI scores and a higher rate of borderline personality disorder than the Ketamine group. Mean BSSI and S-VAS scores at 12 and 24 hours after the treatment in both groups. Despite these observations, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of BSSI and S-VAS scores.Conclusions The findings suggest that ketamine may reduce suicidal ideation, but its efficacy varies by psychiatric diagnosis. The groups were not significantly different in the main study outcomes.
Study on biological characteristics of meridian points and efficacy of intradermal acupuncture treatment for diminished ovarian reserve: study protocol for a case-control experiment and a single-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Hanyu , Zhang Yajun , Sun Haomin , Huang Mei , Chen Siqi , Ma Jing , Chen Qin , Fang Jianqiao , Shao Xiaomei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is characterized by decreased female fertility, menstrual disorders and perimenopausal symptoms due to sex hormone deficiency or fluctuations. For now, there are no uniform diagnostic criteria or an ideal single detection index for DOR. Acupuncture has been extensively used to treat female infertility. This study is aim to discover the biological characteristics of the DOR-related acupoints and explore the efficacy of intradermal acupuncture treatment on DOR patients.
Methods/design:
To discover which acupoints are associated with DOR,there will be 50 DOR patients and 50 healthy participants included to detect the biological characteristics of certain acupoints. The primary outcome will be pain threshold and infrared thermal temperature. In the following randomized controlled trial, 106 patients with DOR will be randomly divided into intradermal acupuncture or sham intradermal acupuncture in a 1:1 ratio to achieve treatment for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes will be the changes in serum follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) level from baseline to the end of treatment(week 12). the secondary outcomes include the changes of biological characteristics of treated acupoints, the modified Kupperman Index (KI), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS).
Discussion
The purpose of this study is to observe whether there is regularity in the biological characteristics of meridian points under the disease state, and consider these changes as an auxiliary detection means for DOR diagnosis. It also helps to screen out DOR-sensitive acupoints as a reference for treatment selection, and is expected to explore the efficacy of intradermal acupuncture and sham intradermal acupuncture in treating DOR.
Trial registration:
Registered in ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06395623(Registered on 3 may, 2024), NCT06223178(Registered on 28 January, 2024)
Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney treated with Robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy: A case report
Authors: Huang Qianhao , Ding Meixuan , Chen Yuedong , Wang Tao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

MESTK is a Unique and rare renal neoplasm with malignant transformation potential. MESTK is predominantly identified in female, especially peri-menopausal women or women with a history of prolonged estrogen exposure.Most patients appear asymptomatic initially, while progression of the mass results in urinary symptoms such as hematuria, abdominal pain, recurrent urinary tract infections or renal calculi.Preoperative diagnosis of MESTK is challenging due to the lack of characterization of its clinical presentation.Most of the cases reported so far have presented as benign, with no recurrence or metastasis, so complete surgical removal of the tumor is vital. In this case, we have presented a female patient of MESTK treated with Robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) to provide clinical evidence of diagnosis and treatment for MESTK.