bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting hotel room demand using search engine data
Authors: Pan Bing , Chenguang Wu Doris , Song Haiyan 
Published: September 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the usefulness of search query volume data in forecasting demand for hotel rooms and identify the best econometric forecasting model.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used search volume data on five related queries to predict demand for hotel rooms in a specific tourist city and employed three ARMA family models and their ARMAX counterparts to evaluate the usefulness of these data. The authors also evaluated three widely used causal econometric models – ADL, TVP, and VAR – for comparison.FindingsAll three ARMAX models consistently outperformed their ARMA counterparts, validating the value of search volume data in facilitating the accurate prediction of demand for hotel rooms. When the three causal econometric models were included for forecasting competition, the ARX model produced the most accurate forecasts, suggesting its usefulness in forecasting demand for hotel rooms.Research limitations/implicationsTo demonstrate the usefulness of this data type, the authors focused on one tourist city with five specific tourist‐related queries. Future studies could focus on other aspects of tourist consumption and on more destinations, using a larger number of queries to increase accuracy.Practical implicationsSearch volume data are an early indicator of travelers' interest and could be used to predict various types of tourist consumption and activities, such as hotel occupancy, spending, and event attendance.Originality/valueThe paper's findings validate the value of search query volume data in predicting hotel room demand, and the paper is the first of its kind in the field of tourism and hospitality research.
Is “not‐real” price lawful?
Authors: Siswantoro Dodik 
Published: September 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss some unique phenomena on Islamic fixed (sukuk) mutual fund price during financial global crisis in Indonesia. It aims to show that the sukuk mutual fund did not adopt the actual price of sukuk which may contradict Islamic teaching with regards to transparency and could cause investors to make wrong decisions. In addition the paper also aims to analyse correlation analysis, dependency of sukuk price to conventional bond and proposed recommendations.Design/methodology/approachThe study applies benchmarking graph analysis, Pearson correlation as well as Correlogram Granger Causality test and Response to Cholesky. To show that sukuk did not adopt the actual price, benchmarking analysis and correlation analysis were conducted as additional tools.FindingsThe paper finds that the sukuk price movements were affected by the conventional bond and have a strong correlation, while the Islamic fixed mutual fund did not apply the actual price, which was unstabler. This has caused the fund to remain in a steadily increasing trend and stable; in addition, this has brought about good performance which actually did not show the real price.Practical implicationsThis research is practically of benefit because it helps to show the correlation of price movement in sukuk and conventional bond. Fund managers should be transparent in marking the real price and prudent in managing the liquid reserve of the sukuk mutual fund.Originality/valueThis case may only occur in Indonesia as decreasing price of stocks and bonds in the USA has habitually caused the same to be seen as very expensive in some countries. Thus, bond price in Indonesia was affected significantly; this was actually caused by panic action. Foreign investors withdrew their funds because of liquidity and currency depreciation. On the other hand, an Islamic market that might be based on a conventional system was indirectly affected with benchmarking price problems. Sukuk mutual fund performance would look nice and stable as it did not adopt the actual price, this could mislead the performance analysis of the fund.
Post‐combat adjustment: understanding transition
Authors: Verey Anna , Smith Peter K. 
Published: September 2012

PurposeResearch into the difficulties of post‐combat service personnel adjusting to civilian society has largely focussed on quantifiable symptoms including post combat stress disorder. This paper aims to present qualitative data on experiences of military personnel who have served in combat, concentrating on how events in combat impacted on their subsequent transition back to the UK.Design/methodology/approachThe authors asked participants to focus on stressful experiences in combat and their ensuing experiences of work, family relationships, civilian society and emotional health. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 15 military personnel who had returned from active combat. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsSix major themes were found: the importance of being part of a group – this provided collective identity, as well as providing a context for legalised violent behaviour; shared experience – personnel prefer to seek support from individuals with similar experiences; help‐seeking – personnel prefer to seek help from friends as opposed to professionals; professionalism and emotional processing – the “macho” approaches in the military may prevent real help‐seeking and emotional disclosure; relationships and family – there were adjustments to be made in regard to personal relationships; civilian society – participants found civilian society to be lacking in real challenge and some engaged in risk‐taking behaviour.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited by the small sample, mainly with commissioned officers.Practical implicationsIt would be of benefit to service personnel if those in helping professions who are working with them, also had experience of combat. Pre‐combat training and post‐combat debriefing may assist smoother transitions. Family counselling may be of benefit for personnel and their families.Originality/valueThe research provides new and important insights into the difficulties facing personnel returning from stressful combat situations, and how they may best be helped.
Altered Expression of Succinic Dehydrogenase in Asthenozoospermia Infertile Male
Authors: Tomar Rashmi , Mishra Ashwini K. , Mohanty Nayan K. , Jain Arun K. 
Published: September 2012

ProblemThere is a possibility that mitochondrial respiration defects may contribute to asthenozoospermia.Method of studyImmunocytochemical detection was used to localize succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) in the head and mid‐piece of spermatozoa by fluorescent microscope.ResultsThe study revealed dispersed SDH activity in the semen of asthenozoospermic subjects in comparison with control semen samples. While the stain intensity varied from cell to cell in controls as well as in patients, it was predominantly localized within mid‐piece of spermatozoa in healthy individuals. In contrast, in semen of infertile male, the diffused and dispersed SDH immunoreactivity was observed in head as well as in mid‐piece region of spermatozoa.ConclusionDispersed expression of mitochondrial SDH in head and mid‐piece of spermatozoa of asthenozoospermia subjects indicates mitochondrial damage because of metabolic or genetic factors, affecting energy production and leading to disturbed sperm motility, which could be pathologically significant. Detailed mitochondrial SDH immunolocalization studies are warranted to establish a role of deranged tricarboxylic acid cycle in causation of male infertility.
Global change effects on Bromus tectorum L. (Poaceae) at its high‐elevation range margin
Authors: Concilio Amy L. , Loik Michael E. , Belnap Jayne 
Published: September 2012

AbstractGlobal change is likely to affect invasive species distribution, especially at range margins. In the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, USA, the invasive annual grass, Bromus tectorum, is patchily distributed and its impacts have been minimal compared with other areas of the Intermountain West. We used a series of in situ field manipulations to determine how B. tectorum might respond to changing climatic conditions and increased nitrogen deposition at the high‐elevation edge of its invaded range. Over 3 years, we used snow fences to simulate changes in snowpack, irrigation to simulate increased frequency and magnitude of springtime precipitation, and added nitrogen (N) at three levels (0, 5, and 10 g m−2) to natural patches of B. tectorum growing under the two dominant shrubs, Artemisia tridentata and Purshia tridentata, and in intershrub spaces (INTR). We found that B. tectorum seedling density in April was lower following deeper snowpack possibly due to delayed emergence, yet there was no change in spikelet production or biomass accumulation at the time of harvest. Additional spring rain events increased B. tectorum biomass and spikelet production in INTR plots only. Plants were primarily limited by water in 2009, but colimited by N and water in 2011, possibly due to differences in antecedent moisture conditions at the time of treatments. The threshold at which N had an effect varied with magnitude of water additions. Frequency of rain events was more influential than magnitude in driving B. tectorum growth and fecundity responses. Our results suggest that predicted shifts from snow to rain could facilitate expansion of B. tectorum at high elevation depending on timing of rain events and level of N deposition. We found evidence for P‐limitation at this site and an increase in P‐availability with N additions, suggesting that stoichiometric relationships may also influence B. tectorum spread.
Estimating influenza incidence and rates of influenza‐like illness in the outpatient setting
Authors: Fowlkes Ashley , Dasgupta Sharoda , Chao Edward , Lemmings Jennifer , Goodin Kate , Harris Meghan , Martin Karen , Feist Michelle , Wu Winfred , Boulton Rachelle , Temte Jonathan , Brammer Lynnette , Finelli Lyn 
Published: September 2012

Please cite this paper as: Fowlkes et al. (2012) Estimating influenza incidence and rates of influenza‐like illness in the outpatient setting. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/irv.12014.Background:  Estimating influenza incidence in outpatient settings is challenging. We used outpatient healthcare practice populations as a proxy to estimate community incidence of influenza‐like illness (ILI) and laboratory‐confirmed influenza‐associated ILI.Methods:  From October 2009 to July 2010, 38 outpatient practices in seven jurisdictions conducted surveillance for ILI (fever with cough or sore throat for patients ≥2 years; fever with ≥1 respiratory symptom for patients <2 years). From a sample of patients with ILI, respiratory specimens were tested for influenza.Results:  During the week of peak influenza activity (October 24, 2009), 13% of outpatient visits were for ILI and influenza was detected in 72% of specimens. For the 10‐month surveillance period, ILI and influenza‐associated ILI incidence were 20·0 (95% CI: 19·7, 20·4) and 8·7/1000 (95% CI: 8·2, 9·2) persons, respectively. Influenza‐associated ILI incidence was highest among children aged 2–17 years. Observed trends were highly correlated with national ILI and virologic surveillance.Conclusions:  This is the first multistate surveillance system demonstrating the feasibility of using outpatient practices to estimate the incidence of medically attended influenza at the community level. Surveillance demonstrated the substantial burden of pandemic influenza in outpatient settings and especially in children aged 2–17 years. Observed trends were consistent with established syndromic and virologic systems.
Accuracy of data transfer: double data entry and estimating levels of error
Authors: Atkinson Ian 
Published: September 2012

Aims and objectivesMost nursing research using quantitative empirical data involves entering information collected on data collection forms into a computer. This paper brings to attention issues related to the introduction of errors during this transfer of data and makes some recommendations as to how this might be dealt with.BackgroundBeyond concerns with the reliability and validity of data collection instruments, the issue of data accuracy and the introduction of errors in research data sets receive little mention in the nursing research literature. Given that studies have reported up to a 26·9 per cent error rate in data transfer (Goldberg et al. Proceedings American Medical Informatics Association, Annual Symposium November 2008), it is important that this potential problem is addressed in the context of nursing research.DesignDiscursive paper.ConclusionsAn approach to checking the accuracy of data entered onto a computer via the keyboard is suggested, and a method for estimating the level of confidence that could be claimed regarding the number of errors introduced is outlined.Relevance to clinical practiceIf nursing is to be investigated by quantitative methods, it would seem that the accuracy of study findings is paramount. This paper identifies one area of research where errors are prone to arise and suggests a method for containing these.
Domestication and geographic origin of Oryza sativa in China: insights from multilocus analysis of nucleotide variation of O. sativa and O. rufipogon
Authors: Wei Xin , Qiao Wei‐Hua , Chen You‐Tao , Wang Rong‐Sheng , Cao Li‐Rong , Zhang Wan‐Xia , Yuan Nan‐Nan , Li Zi‐Chao , Zeng Han‐Lai , Yang Qing‐Wen 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPrevious studies have indicated that China is one of the domestication centres of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa), and common wild rice (O. rufipogon) is the progenitor of O. sativa. However, the number of domestication times and the geographic origin of Asian cultivated rice in China are still under debate. In this study, 100 accessions of Asian cultivated rice and 111 accessions of common wild rice in China were selected to examine the relationship between O. sativa and O. rufipogon and thereby infer the domestication and evolution of O. sativa in China through sequence analyses of six gene regions, trnC‐ycf6 in chloroplast genomes, cox3 in mitochondrial genomes and ITS, Ehd1, Waxy, Hd1 in nuclear genomes. The results indicated that the two subspecies of O. sativa (indica and japonica) were domesticated independently from different populations of O. rufipogon with gene flow occurring later from japonica to indica; Southern China was the genetic diversity centre of O. rufipogon, and the Pearl River basin near the Tropic of Cancer was the domestication centre of O. sativa in China.
Involvement of microRNA‐224 in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and anti‐apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yizhou , Takahashi Shoichi , Tasaka Akiko , Yoshima Tadahiko , Ochi Hidenori , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground and AimChanges in microRNA (miRNA) expression have been detected in a broad range of biological processes including cancer. Here we determined the role of miRNA dysregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe investigated the expression of nine cancer‐related miRNAs in HCC. Among these, miR‐224 was the most significantly uprgulated in HCC tissues (n = 18), compared with normal (n = 9) and HCC adjacent non‐tumorous liver tissues (n = 18). After leading‐in currently reported gene targets from Sanger miRBase, we characterized the expression profiles of target genes of miR‐224 using cDNA microarray. The altered expression was subsequently validated by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The phenotypic changes by miR‐224 expression were identified by cell viability, apoptosis, and in vitro scratch assays.ResultsThe microarray analysis and miRNA target prediction analysis allowed the identification of significant changes in 68 putative gene targets after overexpression of miR‐224. The high‐ranking genes CDC42, CDH1, PAK2, BCL‐2, and MAPK1 were confirmed as important targets of miR‐224 and involvement in hepatocarcinogenesis. Overexpression of miR‐224 significantly in Hek293 and Huh7 cells altered the expression levels of CDC42, CDH1, PAK2, and BCL‐2 at both mRNA and protein levels. Similar changes in the expression of the same genes were also observed in HCC tissues. Via functional analyses, cell proliferation, migration and anti‐apoptosis were proved to be affected by miR‐224 expression.ConclusionThe results suggest that miR‐224 plays a role in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and anti‐apoptosis in HCC by directly binding to its gene targets, implicating this RNA in HCC development and progression.
Inpatient and long‐term outcomes of individuals admitted for weaning from mechanical ventilation at a specialized ventilation weaning unit
Authors: HANNAN LIAM M. , TAN SIEW , HOPKINSON KIM , MARCHINGO EMMA , RAUTELA LINDA , DETERING KAREN , BERLOWITZ DAVID J. , MCDONALD CHRISTINE F. , HOWARD MARK E. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTBackground:  Weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in specialized weaning units has been demonstrated to be safe and cost‐effective. Success rates and outcomes vary widely, probably relating to patient factors and unit expertise.Methods:  An audit was undertaken of patients admitted for weaning from IMV at the Austin Hospital Ventilation Weaning Unit (VWU) between March 2002 and January 2008. Weaning success, complications and both in‐hospital and long‐term mortality were examined and regression analysis was undertaken to examine factors related to these outcomes.Results:  Seventy‐eight patients were admitted to the VWU after a median of 27 days of IMV at their referring centre. Weaning success rate (ventilator free or nocturnal non‐invasive ventilation only) was 78.2% (n = 61). Inpatient mortality was 10.2% (n = 8) and serious complications were infrequent. Progressive neuromuscular disease (odds ratio 0.10) and sepsis during admission to the VWU (odds ratio 0.09) were predictive of weaning failure at discharge. Overall survival at 12 months following discharge from the VWU was 66.7% (n = 52) with most survivors residing in the community. Increasing age (hazard ratio 1.93), referral from rural or outer metropolitan centres (hazard ratio 3.57 and 2.37 respectively) and a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were associated with increased long‐term mortality.Conclusion:  High rates of weaning success with infrequent complications and low mortality were achieved in this specialized non‐intensive care unit‐based weaning unit. The VWU may provide a useful template for the development of similar units elsewhere.
Obstructive sleep apnoea and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: WANG XIA , BI YANPING , ZHANG QIAN , PAN FANG 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  There has been increasing recognition that obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with incident type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the severity of OSA and the risk of type 2 diabetes by performing a meta‐analysis of all available prospective cohort studies.Methods:  A search was conducted of the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and ISI Web of Knowledge databases through March 2012 to identify studies linking OSA with the risk of diabetes. Only prospective cohort studies, in which the presence of OSA was confirmed by objective measurements, were included. Fixed and random effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks (RR).Results:  This meta‐analysis of six prospective cohort studies including a total of 5953 participants, with follow‐up periods of 2.7–16 years, and 332 incident cases of type 2 diabetes, showed that moderate‐severe OSA was associated with a greater risk of diabetes (RR 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–2.45), as compared with the absence of OSA. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. For subjects with mild OSA, as compared with those without OSA, the pooled RR of developing type 2 diabetes was 1.22 (95% CI: 0.91–1.63).Conclusions:  This meta‐analysis indicates that moderate‐severe OSA is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and this appears to be an independent risk factor for the development of diabetes.
Mimicking the oxygen minimum zones: stimulating interaction of aerobic archaeal and anaerobic bacterial ammonia oxidizers in a laboratory‐scale model system
Authors: Yan Jia , Haaijer Suzanne C. M. , Op den Camp Huub J. M. , van Niftrik Laura , Stahl David A. , Könneke Martin , Rush Darci , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap S. , Hu Yong Y. , Jetten Mike S. M. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryIn marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) rather than marine ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) may provide nitrite to anaerobic ammonium‐oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. Here we demonstrate the cooperation between marine anammox bacteria and nitrifiers in a laboratory‐scale model system under oxygen limitation. A bioreactor containing ‘Candidatus Scalindua profunda’ marine anammox bacteria was supplemented with AOA (Nitrosopumilus maritimus strain SCM1) cells and limited amounts of oxygen. In this way a stable mixed culture of AOA, and anammox bacteria was established within 200 days while also a substantial amount of endogenous AOB were enriched. ‘Ca. Scalindua profunda’ and putative AOB and AOA morphologies were visualized by transmission electron microscopy and a C18 anammox [3]‐ladderane fatty acid was highly abundant in the oxygen‐limited culture. The rapid oxygen consumption by AOA and AOB ensured that anammox activity was not affected. High expression of AOA, AOB and anammox genes encoding for ammonium transport proteins was observed, likely caused by the increased competition for ammonium. The competition between AOA and AOB was found to be strongly related to the residual ammonium concentration based on amoA gene copy numbers. The abundance of archaeal amoA copy numbers increased markedly when the ammonium concentration was below 30 μM finally resulting in almost equal abundance of AOA and AOB amoA copy numbers. Massive parallel sequencing of mRNA and activity analyses further corroborated equal abundance of AOA and AOB. PTIO addition, inhibiting AOA activity, was employed to determine the relative contribution of AOB versus AOA to ammonium oxidation. The present study provides the first direct evidence for cooperation of archaeal ammonia oxidation with anammox bacteria by provision of nitrite and consumption of oxygen.
The Problem of Debt‐for‐Nature Swaps from a Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Hassoun Nicole 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAt first blush, debt‐for‐nature swaps seem to provide win‐win solutions to the looming problems of environmental degradation and extreme poverty. So, one might naturally assume that they are morally permissible, if not obligatory. This article will argue, however, that debt‐for‐nature swaps are sometimes morally questionable, if not morally impermissible. It suggests that some criticisms of traditional (economic) conditions placed on loans to poor countries also apply to the (environmental) conditionality implicit in such swaps. The article's main theoretical contribution is to suggest a general argumentative strategy for posing a challenge to the moral acceptability of many seemingly innocuous, or even apparently good, policies in the real world. Its discussion of how we should respond to seemingly tragic dilemmas (e.g. between protecting nature and respecting human rights) may also be of general interest.