bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous thermal camouflage and radiative cooling for ultrahigh-temperature objects using inversely designed hierarchical metamaterial
Authors: Dang Saichao , Yang Wei , Zhang Jialei , Zhan Qiwen , Ye Hong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sophisticated infrared detection technology, operating through atmospheric transmission windows (usually between 3 and 5 μm and 8–13 μm), can detect an object by capturing its emitted thermal radiation, posing a threat to the survival of targeted objects. As per Wien’s displacement law, the shift of peak wavelength towards shorter wavelengths as blackbody temperature rises, underscores the significance of the 3–5 μm range for ultra-high temperature objects (e.g., at 400 °C), emphasizing the crucial need to control this radiation for the objects’ viability. Additionally, effective heat management is essential for ensuring the consistent operation of these ultrahot entities. In this study, based on a database with high-temperature resist materials, we introduced a material-informatics-based framework aimed at achieving the inverse design of simultaneous thermal camouflage (low emittance in the 3–5 μm range) and radiative cooling (high emittance in the non-atmospheric window 5–8 μm range) tailored for ultrahigh-temperature objects. Utilizing the transfer matrix method to calculate spectral properties and employing the particle swarm optimization algorithm, two optimized multilayer structures with desired spectral characteristics are obtained. The resulted structures demonstrate effective infrared camouflage at temperatures up to 250 °C and 500 °C, achieving reductions of 86.7 % and 63.7 % in the infrared signal, respectively. At equivalent heating power densities applied to the structure and aluminum, structure 1 demonstrates a temperature reduction of 29.4 °C at 0.75 W/cm2, while structure 2 attains a temperature reduction of 57.5 °C at 1.50 W/cm2 compared to aluminum, showcasing enhanced radiative cooling effects. This approach paves the way for attenuating infrared signals from ultrahigh-temperature objects and effectively managing their thermal conditions.
Cropping systems and production assessment in southern Myanmar: Informing strategic interventions
Authors: Tun Phyu Thaw , Safi Zikrullah , Nguyen Thanh Thi , Wiehle Martin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cropland expansion into natural forests in the Kyunsu Township, southern Myanmar, has diminished the sustainability of natural resources in this area. Analyzing local cropping systems can help explore options for improving land productivity on the existing croplands. To achieve this, a study was conducted between June 2020 and June 2021, involving 301 farmers’ households within the township. The study focused on socioeconomic status, crop production characteristics, key soil properties, and production constraints. Hierarchical clustering on principal components was applied to identify the existing cropping systems. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of variables between identified cropping systems was performed. The findings revealed that in the plantation zone, the median gross value added (GVA) reached US$ 1,276 ha−1 year−1 for perennial monocropping and US$ 1,715 ha−1 year−1 for perennial-multiple cropping. These values were higher than the median GVAs of perennial monocropping (US$ 460 ha−1 year−1) and perennial-multiple cropping (US$ 474 ha−1 year−1) in the sea zone. In the lowland and sea zones, annual monocropping of rice had low median GVAs of 206 and US$ 165 ha−1 year−1, respectively. The combination of rice and perennial species in the lowland zone resulted in a higher median GVA (US$ 383 ha−1 year−1) compared to rice sole cropping in both the lowland and sea zones. Coupled with favorable soil properties, cropping systems that integrated perennial species, particularly multiple cropping with strategic input use, demonstrated enhanced land productivity. However, to optimize land productivity in these cropping systems, it is crucial to address major constraints, such as high input prices, poor soil quality, and scarcity of freshwater.
Friction stir welding of dissimilar Al–Mg alloys for aerospace applications: Prospects and future potential
Authors: Nagaraja Santhosh , Anand Praveena Bindiganavile , Mariswamy Madhusudhan , Alkahtani Meshel Q. , Islam Saiful , Khan Mohammad Amir , Khan Wahaj Ahmad , Bhutto Javed Khan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFriction stir welding (FSW) is increasingly utilized in aerospace for welding dissimilar Al–Mg alloys without melting, overcoming fusion welding challenges. This summary highlights FSW’s key aspects for dissimilar Al–Mg alloys and its aerospace relevance. These alloys are widely used in aerospace due to their beneficial properties, but fusion welding faces issues like brittle intermetallic compounds (IMC) and decreased mechanical properties. FSW addresses these challenges by using a rotating tool to generate frictional heat, plasticizing the material for solid-state joining without melting. This reduces IMC formation, enhancing joint strength and mechanical properties. Critical parameters like rotational speed, traverse speed, tool design, and process variables are emphasized for optimal FSW of dissimilar Al–Mg alloys. Joining these alloys is crucial in aerospace for applications such as aircraft structures, engine components, and fuel tanks. FSW offers advantages like weight reduction, improved fuel efficiency, and structural integrity enhancement. It allows welding dissimilar Al–Mg alloys with varying compositions for tailored material combinations meeting specific needs. In conclusion, FSW of dissimilar aluminum alloys is promising for aerospace, creating defect-free joints with improved mechanical properties. However, further research is needed to optimize parameters, explore tool designs, and validate long-term performance in aerospace environments.
The (geo)politics of controlling shareholders
Authors: Milhaupt Curtis J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this Article, I extend the analysis of controlling shareholders typically reflected in corporate governance scholarship—which is fundamentally framed in terms of shareholder wealth creation and diversion at the behest of the controller—to the increasing (geo)political significance of firms with controlling shareholders. This effort requires shifting the unit of analysis to the fusion of political-economic power inherent in corporate control and examining the implications of this fusion beyond the boundaries of the firm itself. I illustrate the approach by analyzing examples from a variety of new and old corporate capitalist systems operating globally today, and by surveying numerous policy domains in which firms with controlling shareholders are key protagonists: national security and economic sanctions, stock exchange competition, corporate influence on domestic political systems, and ESG. Expanding the lens through which controlling shareholders are viewed sheds light on their considerable influence in largely unexplored realms of wide-ranging geostrategic and political importance.
Controlling non-controlling shareholders: The case of effective control
Authors: Ofir Moran 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
One of the most important developments underlying capital markets in recent years is the increase in the influence of activist minority shareholders. In a company without a controlling shareholder, dominant and activist shareholders, who hold only a low proportion of the company’s shares, can influence and even tip the scales in the decisions made and direct the company’s business. The legal system therefore imposes a fiduciary duty not only on controlling shareholders but also on those with effective control. Alongside the obligation, however, the absence of a clear and explicit definition of the concepts of effective power and effective control stands out.
The Article empirically analyzes key court decisions litigated under Delaware law and finds that only two explanatory variables significantly explain court decisions in cases where the question of effective control arises. It therefore proposes a test for estimating shareholders’ effective power borrowed from the field of cooperative game theory. The test is based on the Shapley Value and Shapley and Shubik’s Power Index. The Article presents its application to decisions made at shareholders’ meetings to estimate the effective power of activist minority shareholders in various decisions. This test is simple to operate, objectively examines the situation based on the factual system that existed at the time the decision was made, and is not limited to specific ownership structures, particular markets, or current times. Adoption of the test is expected to increase the legal certainty regarding the imposition of duties on activist minority shareholders with effective control, thereby reducing the agency costs created as a result of the gap between their formal share in the corporation and their effective power.
A Kind of Chemistry
Authors: Laudan Rachel 
Published: July 2024

The author explains that 'A kind of chemistry' was the way the authors of The Gifts of Comus (1739) described the new cookery of the European courts, a cookery that had begun to take shape a century earlier with Pierre de la Varenne's Le Cuisinier François (1651). This essay takes their metaphor at face value. It was indeed chemistry, a chemical cookery inspired by a radical group of chemical physicians who treated and advised the aristocracies of northern Europe.
The author thanks Alan Davidson who accepted a preliminary sketch of this essay for 'A Mini-Symposium on New Publications' PPC 53 (1996); 47-50, and the organizers and audiences of the Horning Lecture Series in History of Science at Oregon State University and Dibner Lectures in History of Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology who bore with successive versions. The present version won the Sophie Coe Prize 1998.
Biomimetic approach to the design of artificial small‑diameter blood vessels
Authors: Nemets E. A. , Belov Yu. V. , Kiryakov K. S. , Grudinin N. V. , Bogdanov V. K. , Filippov K. S. , Nikolskaya A. O. , Tyunyaeva I. Yu. , Vypryshko A. A. , Zaxarevich V. M. , Basok Yu. B. , Sevastianov V. I. 
Published: July 2024

Objective: To create 2-mm diameter multilayer porous tubular scaffolds (PTS) with characteristics that resemble small-diameter native blood vessels in terms of characteristics.Materials and methods. PTS made of polycaprolactone (PCL, MM 80000) with a PCL-made sealing coat/layer with gelatin addition (PCL-gelatin) with a diameter of 2 mm were created by electrospinning (NANON-01A). Bioactive coating was applied to the PTS surface by sequential incubation in solutions of bovine serum albumin, heparin (Hp), and platelet lysate (PL). Cytotoxicity was investigated under conditions of direct contact of PTS with a monolayer of NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EA.hy926) was evaluated using Live/Dead® Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit. Permeability and blood flow parameters of the PTS implanted in the infrarenal section of the rat aorta were recorded using Doppler imaging.Results. A three-layer PTS construct with an inner diameter of 2 mm was developed. Its inner and outer layers were formed from 0.2 mL of PCL solution, and the middle sealing coat/layer was from 0.5 mL of PCL with addition of 30% (by weight of polymer) gelatin. Introduction of the sealing coat/layer reduced surgical porosity (SP) from 56.2 ± 8.7 mL/(cm2·min) for a single-layer PTS made of pure PCL to 8.9 ± 2.6 mL/(cm2·min) for a three-layer PTS. The resulting PTS demonstrated physicomechanical characteristics similar to those of native blood vessels; it also showed no cytotoxicity. Application of a bioactive coating of Hp and PL allowed for increased in vitro adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells. The technique of implantation of 10 mm long fragments of three-layer PTS into the infrarenal section of a rat aorta was corrected, thus minimizing blood loss and narrowing the anastomosis site. In an acute experiment, it was proven that the prostheses were patent and that blood flow parameters (systolic and diastolic velocity, resistivity index) were close to the corresponding indicators of native rat aorta.Conclusion. The developed three-layer PTS constructs have low SP and physicomechanical properties close to those of native blood vessels. Bioactive coating improves the in vitro matrix properties of PTS relative to human endothelial cells. At short-term implantation into the aorta of experimental animals, PTS showed no early thrombosis, while blood flow parameters were close to those of native rat aorta. Thus, three-layer PTS with bioactive coating can be used as a scaffold for creation of in situ tissue-engineered construct of a small-diameter blood vessel.
Azygoportal disconnection or a combination of non-selective beta-blockers and endoscopic variceal ligation to prevent recurrent bleeding in patients with cirrhosis awaiting transplantation
Authors: Korobka R. V. , Gautier S. V. , Khoronko Yu. V. , Pasechnikov V. D. , Shapovalov A. M. , Malevanny M. V. , Pak E. S. , Pasechnikov D. V. , Tadiyeva E. V. 
Published: July 2024

Objective: to compare the efficacy of azygoportal disconnection (APD) surgery and a combination between endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and non-selective beta-blockers (NSBBs) in the prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding (RVB). To compare the incidence of gastric variceal bleeding (GVB) after these manipulations in patients with decompensated cirrhosis waitlisted for liver transplantation (LTx).Materials and methods. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis underwent RVB prophylaxis by APD surgery or by a combination of EVL and NSBBs.Results. There were no significant differences in clinical, laboratory, demographic parameters, MELD-Na and Child–Turcotte–Pugh (CTP) scores, and frequencies of medium- and large-sized varicose veins among subgroups of patients with different RVB prophylaxis methods Patients with decompensated cirrhosis who underwent APD surgery did not experience any RVB episodes during the LTx waiting period, which lasted two years from the start of bleeding prophylaxis. In the same period, RVB occurred in 100% of cases in the EVL plus NSBBs group. Using the Kaplan–Meier method with the Log-Rank test, a significant difference (p = 0.0001) was found between the proportions of non-RVB patients in the APD and EVL + NSBBs groups. In the meantime, 48.1% of patients who had APD surgery developed GVB, while 100% of cases in EVL + NSBBs group did not. The Kaplan–Meier method with the Log-Rank test revealed a significant difference (p = 0.0001) between the proportion of non-GVB patients in EVL + NSBBs and APD groups.
Hypothermic machine perfusion of a donor kidney using an experimental dextran-40-based preservation solution and orthotopic transplantation (experimental study)
Authors: Shestakova V. G. , Bogdanov V. K. , Pavlov R. D. , Terekhov V. M. , Timanovsky A. S. , Zharikov A. A. , Shibaev A. N. , Grudinin N. V. 
Published: July 2024

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) of a donor kidney obtained from a non-heartbeating (NHB) donor, using an experimental dextran-40-based preservation solution, in subsequent orthotopic transplantation in a rabbit model.Materials and methods. Twenty grey giant rabbits weighing 2,500–3,100 g, divided into donors (n = 10) and recipients (n = 10), were used in the study. After obtaining kidney from an NHB donor, ex vivo HMP of the left donor kidney using a dextran-40-based preservation solution was performed and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) parameters were measured. This was followed by bilateral nephrectomy and orthotopic transplantation. The follow-up period was 12 days. Creatinine levels, urea levels, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured during follow-up.Results. During ex vivo HMP of donor kidneys from NHBs, PVR dropped progressively from 1.90 ± 0.27 mmHg/mL/min to 0.72 ± 0.09 mmHg/mL/min at p < 0.001. In the early post-transplant period (during the first 2 days after implantation), creatinine and urea levels were moderately elevated compared to normal. Creatinine and urea levels were 91.07 ± 11.49 μmol/L at p < 0.011 and 9.09 ± 1.06 mmol/L at p < 0.009 on day 2, respectively, but by day 12, they reverted to physiologic values, which were 77.17 ± 10.19 μmol/L at p < 0.019 and 4.88 ± 0.54 mmol/L at p < 0.022, respectively. These findings were correlated with GFR values, which ranged from 26.29 to 26.74 mL/min/1.72 m2 in mean values over the course of a 12-day follow-up period.Conclusion. Ex vivo HMP using dextran-40-based preservation solution has a positive effect on the kidney at 30 minutes of warm ischemia following asystole and achieves satisfactory graft function over 12 days of follow-up.
Functional efficiency of pancreatic cell-engineered construct in an animal experimental model for type I diabetes
Authors: Baranova N. V. , Ponomareva A. S. , Kirsanova L. A. , Nikolskaya A. O. , Bubentsova G. N. , Basok Yu. B. , Sevastianov V. I. 
Published: July 2024

The creation of a cell-engineered pancreatic construct (CEPC) from islets of Langerhans and biocompatible matrix carrier (framework/scaffold), which imitates the native microenvironment of pancreatic tissue, is an approach to the treatment of type I diabetes mellitus (T1D).The objective of this work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the functional efficacy of CEPC and isolated rat islets of Langerhans after intraperitoneal administration into rats with experimental T1D.Materials and method. T1D was induced in rats by injecting low-dose (15 mg/ kg) streptozotocin (STZ) for 5 days. CEPC samples were created using viable and functional allogeneic isolated islets of Langerhans and tissue-specific scaffold obtained by decellularization of human pancreatic fragments. The rats received intraperitoneal injection of allogeneic islets of Langerhans (experimental group 1, n = 4) and CEPC (experimental group 2, n = 4). Control group rats received no treatment (n = 4). Blood glucose levels in the rats were measured, and the pancreas and kidneys of the experimental animals were examined histologically. The follow-up period for all animals continued for 10 weeks. Results. In experimental group 1, on day 7 after injection of Langerhans islets, glycemia decreased significantly from 28.2 ± 4.2 mmol/L to 13.4 ± 2.6 mmol/L. This fall persisted for 7 weeks, following which blood sugar increased to nearly their initial levels (prior to islets administration). In experimental group 2, on day 7 after CEPC administration, there was a more noticeable drop in blood sugar levels from 25.8 ± 5.1 mmol/L to 6.3 ± 2.7 mmol/L compared to experimental group 1. By the 10th week of the experiment, the average glucose level was two times lower than it was at the beginning. Blood glucose levels dropped more sharply in the CEPC group than in the islet group (by 75.6% and 52.5%, respectively).Conclusion. In T1D rats, CEPC has a more potent antidiabetic effect than islets of Langerhans. Thus, it has been shown that a tissue-specific scaffold may be used to create bioartificial pancreas in order to increase the functional efficiency of islets.
Pekerja Anak dan Pendidikannya Di Masa Depan
Authors: Hamdani Febri , Nooraeni Rani , Lumaksono Adi 
Published: July 2024

Child labour has an impact not only on health but also on education in the future. Being a child labour, the minimum consequence is the disruption of the child's time to go to school and in some cases, the child cannot go to school at all. This study uses data from the Indonesia Life Family Survey (IFLS) where the individuals studied are the same for each IFLS period. The results show that there is a difference between those who have worked as child workers in the past, who have a lower level of education than those who were not child laborers. The difference can be seen 14 years later. This is reinforced by the results of statistical tests with Logistic Regression where there is a strong relationship between child labour and the level of final education. Those who are child workers have a greater chance of only graduating from elementary and junior high school compared to those who are not child laborers.
APLIKASI ALJABAR LINEAR UNTUK MENDETEKSI ADANYA PLAGIARISME SERTA DALAM METODOLOGI SEARCH ENGINE
Authors: Nainggolan Sahat Pandapotan , Solikhin Mukhammad , Anwar Andi Muhammad , Rizki Nanda Arista 
Published: July 2024

The theory of algebra is highly beneficial and used in daily life. Identifying plagiarism is one of many activities that can be solved with the concept of linear algebra. Even today, plagiarism is still a crucial issue to discuss, preferably in academic scope, both in assignment papers and academic theses. Identifying plagiarism aims to provide a document as a vector. Even the basic concept of linear algebra can be applied in plagiarism detection applications. This paper proposed a modeling example of plagiarism checking on a document with a matrix representation and the calculation of angles among subspaces of each compared document. Finally, the results can be used as one of the considerations to determine the similarity index.Keywords: plagiarism, linear algebra, vector, matrix representation
IMPLEMENTASI MATRIKS ATAS GELANGGANG Z_p⨁Z_q⨁Z_r PADA KRIPTOGRAFI CIPHER HILL
Authors: Ro'uf Ikhsan Abdul , Solikhin Mukhammad , Aeli Lita Wulandari , Pahrany Andi Daniah , Hasanah Irmatul 
Published: July 2024

Cryptography is a method for securing data or information from data leaks. In cryptography, there are two important processes, namely, the encryption and decryption processes. Encryption is the process of changing plaintext into ciphertext using certain keys and algorithms, while decryption is the process of changing ciphertext into plaintext using keys and algorithms that match the encryption. There is a cryptosystem that is well known, namely Cipher Hill. Cipher Hill uses a square matrix for the encryption and decryption process. In this research, an mxn-sized matrix will be used over the Direct Sum ring Z_p⨁Z_q⨁Z_r to expand the Cipher Hill algorithm. The author also uses the pseudoinverse concept to find the inverse of an mxn matrix. By using an mxn matrix, the encryption results allow the length of the plaintext to be different from the length of the ciphertext.Keywords: Cipher Hill, Cryptography, Decryption, Encryption, Direct Sum, Pseudoinvers
Kajian Kualitas Mikrobiologi Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) Beku yang Dijual di Supermarket Berdasarkan Angka Lempeng Total Koloni Bakteri
Authors: Arlan La , Hastuti Utami Sri 
Published: July 2024

Ikan tongkol merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan yang memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi. Kualitas mikrobiologi ikan tongkol beku perlu mendapat perhatian agar tidak merugikan konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenentukan ALT koloni bakteri ikan tongkol beku yang dijual di tiga supermarket yang berbeda di Kota Malang, menentukan kelayakan konsumsi ikan tongkol beku yang dijual di tiga supermarket yang berbeda di kota Malang berdasarkan ketentuan dari BPOM nomor 13 tahun 2019, serta mendeskripsikanfaktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas mikrobiologi ikan tongkol beku yang diteliti berdasarkan hasil observasi.Penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan media PCA, pengenceran sampel, inokulasi sampel, dan penghitungan ALT koloni bakteri menggunakan metode cawan sebar. Hasil penghitungan nilai ALT koloni bakteri ikan tongkol beku yang dijual oleh supermarket A yaitu9,9 x 106cfu/g, supermarket B yaitu9,0 x 107cfu/gdan Supermarket C yaitu4,3 x 104cfu/g. Ikan tongkol beku yang dijual oleh supermarket A dan supermarket B tidaklayak dikonsumsi, karena melebihi batas maksimum cemaran bakteri berdasarkan ketentuan BPOM. Adapun ikan tongkol beku yang dijual oleh supermarket C masih layak dikonsumsi berdasarkan ketetapan BPOM nomor 13 tahun 2019, yaitu tidak melampaui 1,0 x 106 cfu/g sampel. Hasil wawancara dan observasi oleh peneliti menunjukkan bahwa faktor sanitasi dan higiene berpengaruh terhadapkualitas mikrobiologi sampel ikan tongkol beku, jika ditinjau dari nilai ALT koloni bakteri.