bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crude oil-water separation with the aid of carbon based materials
Authors: Mohiuddin Tariq , Al-Kamiyani Salim , Iqbal Taveer , Al Ghaferi Amal 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Carbon-based materials are commonly utilized in water filtration and purification due to their affordability and environmental friendliness. This study investigates the effectiveness of four different carbon-based materials: activated carbon (AC), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and polyethylene (PE) in crude oil–water separation. To test the effectiveness of the separation, light transmission measurements were carried out with the aid of Arduino UNO using a red, green, and blue (RGB) light spectral sensor. The results revealed that the emulsions with AC was the most effective material in the separation, followed by rGO, and GO was the least effective. To explain the mechanism behind the separation performance, the carbon materials have been characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effectiveness of AC and rGO in the separation process was directly related to the quantity of surface oxides. The experimental results are perfectly agreed with published Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of HOMO–LUMO gap energies. AC shows the best performance and the smallest gap, which indicates that it requires less energy for electrons transition between the HOMO and LUMO. This phenomenon can be attributed to the affinity towards hydrogen in the hydrocarbon chains in crude oil.
What factors influence individuals’ willingness to pay for environmental protection: evidence from CGSS2021
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Li Yisong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As global environmental issues become increasingly severe, research into individuals’ willingness to pay for environmental protection has gained prominence. This study aims to comprehensively explore the factors influencing individual willingness to pay for environmental protection in China. Utilizing the CGSS2021 data as a sample and employing hierarchical regression methods, we analyzed a large-scale, diverse dataset to examine factors affecting individual willingness to pay for environmental protection. The study reveals that income, environmental concern, knowledge, actions, public evaluation of government environmental efforts, and reliance on government environmental measures are significant factors influencing individual willingness to pay for environmental conservation. Additionally, the study conducted robustness checks on the model, verifying the stability and reliability of the results. This study not only provides a new perspective for academic research on environmental payment willingness but also offers more practical guidance for the formulation and implementation of environmental protection policies.
A pharmacist’s guide to mitigating sleep dysfunction and promoting good sleep in the intensive care unit
Authors: Patel Mona K , Kim Kristi Soyoung , Ware Lydia R , DeGrado Jeremy R , Szumita Paul M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To review causes, risk factors, and consequences of sleep disruption in critically ill patients; evaluate the role of nonpharmacological and pharmacological therapies for management of sleep in the intensive care unit (ICU); and discuss the role of pharmacists in implementation of sleep bundles.

Summary
Critically ill patients often have disrupted sleep and circadian rhythm alterations that cause anxiety, stress, and traumatic memories. This can be caused by factors such as critical illness, environmental factors, mechanical ventilation, and medications. Methods to evaluate sleep, including polysomnography and questionnaires, have limitations that should be considered. Multicomponent sleep bundles with a focus on nonpharmacological therapy aiming to reduce nocturnal noise, light, and unnecessary patient care may improve sleep disorders in critically ill patients. While pharmacological agents are often used to facilitate sleep in critically ill patients, evidence supporting their use is often of low quality, which limits use to patients who have sleep disruption refractory to nonpharmacological therapy. Dedicated interprofessional teams are needed for implementation of sleep bundles in the ICU. Extensive pharmacotherapeutic training and participation in daily patient care rounds make pharmacists vital members of the team who can help with all components of the bundle. This narrative review discusses evidence for elements of the multicomponent sleep bundle and provides guidance on how pharmacists can help with implementation of nonpharmacological therapies and management of neuroactive medications to facilitate sleep.

Conclusion
Sleep bundles are necessary for patients in the ICU, and dedicated interprofessional teams that include pharmacists are vital for successful creation and implementation.
A New Therapeutic Approach With Rose Stem-Cell-Derived Exosomes and Non-Thermal Microneedling for the Treatment of Facial Pigmentation
Authors: Theodorakopoulou Elina , Aguilera Shino Bay , Duncan Diane Irvine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Facial dyspigmentation is a challenging concern which cannot easily be corrected. Although the application of topical exosomes has shown some efficacy, there is still scarce data addressing the role of plant-derived exosomes for skin hyperpigmentation.

Objectives
This study using rose stem-cell-derived exosomes (RSCE) was performed as a proof-of-concept case series to evaluate the efficacy and safety of microneedling and topical RSCE, for the reduction of pigmentation and photoaging in adult volunteers.

Methods
Twelve female volunteers were recruited, with a mean age of 46.64 years and a moderate-to-severe facial pigmentation, due to solar lentigines, melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and periorbital hyperpigmentation. Three treatments were performed at 3 weeks intervals. These consisted of the topical application of RSCE with microneedling and a 20 min LED light with an RSCE-infused mask. A 3D facial analyzer was used to quantify improvement in superficial, deep pigmentation, skin redness, and wrinkles at baseline, Weeks 3, 6, and 12. Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), Dermatology Life and Quality Index (DLQI), and Melasma Quality of Life Scale (MELASQoL) scores were noted at the same time points.

Results
GAIS scores improved by at least 1 scale point. Superficial pigmentation and spots decreased by 12.95% and deep pigmentation improved by 15.9%, by Week 12. Skin redness was reduced by 7.34% at the same time point. The measured wrinkle reduction was 6.34%. DLQI scores were reduced by 10 points, and MELASQoL scores had a mean reduction of 30 points at Week 12.

Conclusions
Improvement of facial pigmentation is possible when combining nonthermal microneedling and the use of topical RSCE.

Level of Evidence: 4
A comparison of scRNA-seq annotation methods based on experimentally labeled immune cell subtype dataset
Authors: Fu Qiqing , Dong Chenyu , Liu Yunhe , Xia Xiaoqiong , Liu Gang , Zhong Fan , Liu Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cell-type annotation is a critical step in single-cell data analysis. With the development of numerous cell annotation methods, it is necessary to evaluate these methods to help researchers use them effectively. Reference datasets are essential for evaluation, but currently, the cell labels of reference datasets mainly come from computational methods, which may have computational biases and may not reflect the actual cell-type outcomes. This study first constructed an experimentally labeled immune cell-subtype single-cell dataset of the same batch and systematically evaluated 18 cell annotation methods. We assessed those methods under five scenarios, including intra-dataset validation, immune cell-subtype validation, unsupervised clustering, inter-dataset annotation, and unknown cell-type prediction. Accuracy and ARI were evaluation metrics. The results showed that SVM, scBERT, and scDeepSort were the best-performing supervised methods. Seurat was the best-performing unsupervised clustering method, but it couldn't fully fit the actual cell-type distribution. Our results indicated that experimentally labeled immune cell-subtype datasets revealed the deficiencies of unsupervised clustering methods and provided new dataset support for supervised methods.
PGAT-ABPp: harnessing protein language models and graph attention networks for antibacterial peptide identification with remarkable accuracy
Authors: Hao Yuelei , Liu Xuyang , Fu Haohao , Shao Xueguang , Cai Wensheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Motivation
The emergence of drug-resistant pathogens represents a formidable challenge to global health. Using computational methods to identify the antibacterial peptides (ABPs), an alternative antimicrobial agent, has demonstrated advantages in further drug design studies. Most of the current approaches, however, rely on handcrafted features and underutilize structural information, which may affect prediction performance.

Results
To present an ultra-accurate model for ABP identification, we propose a novel deep learning approach, PGAT-ABPp. PGAT-ABPp leverages structures predicted by AlphaFold2 and a pretrained protein language model, ProtT5-XL-U50 (ProtT5), to construct graphs. Then the graph attention network (GAT) is adopted to learn global discriminative features from the graphs. PGAT-ABPp outperforms the other fourteen state-of-the-art models in terms of accuracy, F1-score and Matthews Correlation Coefficient on the independent test dataset. The results show that ProtT5 has significant advantages in the identification of ABPs and the introduction of spatial information further improves the prediction performance of the model. The interpretability analysis of key residues in known active ABPs further underscores the superiority of PGAT-ABPp.

Availability and implementation
The datasets and source codes for the PGAT-ABPp model are available at https://github.com/moonseter/PGAT-ABPp/.
Studies in the history of probability and statistics, LI: the first conditional logistic regression
Authors: Hanley J A 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Statisticians and epidemiologists generally cite the publications of Prentice & Breslow (1978) and Breslow et al. (1978) as the first description and use of conditional logistic regression, while economists cite the book chapter by Nobel laureate McFadden (McFadden, 1973). We describe the until-now-unrecognized use of, and way of fitting, this model in 1934 by Lionel Penrose and Ronald Fisher.
Why keep monitoring coral reefs?
Authors: Edmunds Peter J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The high demand for information on how coral reefs are changing often exceeds the capacity of the scientific community to deliver the data necessary to meet this need. However, given the degraded state of coral reefs and the poor prognosis for their recovery, it is reasonable to ask whether coral reef monitoring should continue. Using my experiences from a 37-year study in the US Virgin Islands, I highlight the information that monitoring conveys on the changing state of coral reefs, and underscore how the interpretation of ecological trends matures with increasing longevity of records. Because the past is an imperfect predictor of the future, monitoring coral reefs remains an important endeavor. It offers the only opportunity to understand how reefs will continue to change, to connect patterns of change to the processes causing them to occur, and to create opportunities for management to best ensure their future.
A Theological Framework for Understanding Hope in the Clinic
Authors: Thornton Andrea 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Appeals to the miraculous are common in healthcare, and arguments about end-of-life decision-making can quickly become theological. Assessments of hope have been recommended within the biopsychosocialspiritual model of medicine, but these assessments fail to account for the theological dimension of hope. Examples of failed assessments include recent efforts in palliative care and classic works, such as On Death and Dying by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross. To adequately address the patient’s and family members’ hopes without patronizing or harming the patient, assessments must be done by a person trained in theology.
My choice, my actions: self-determination, not instrumental value of outcomes enhances outcome monitoring during learning
Authors: Giersiepen Maren , Schütz-Bosbach Simone , Kaiser Jakob 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Freedom of choice enhances our sense of agency. During goal-directed behavior, the freedom to choose between different response options increases the neural processing of positive and negative feedback, indicating enhanced outcome monitoring under conditions of high agency experience. However, it is unclear whether this enhancement is predominantly driven by an increased salience of self- compared to externally determined action outcomes or whether differences in the perceived instrumental value of outcomes contribute to outcome monitoring in goal-directed tasks. To test this, we recorded electroencephalography while participants performed a reinforcement learning task involving free choices, action-relevant forced choices, and action-irrelevant forced choices. We observed larger midfrontal theta power and N100 amplitudes for feedback following free choices compared with action-relevant and action-irrelevant forced choices. In addition, a Reward Positivity was only present for free but not forced choice outcomes. Crucially, our results indicate that enhanced outcome processing is not driven by the relevance of outcomes for future actions but rather stems from the association of outcomes with recent self-determined choice. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of self-determination in tracking the consequences of our actions and contribute to an understanding of the cognitive processes underlying the choice-induced facilitation in outcome monitoring.
Polyelectrolyte-assisted uniform electron transporting layer on texture substrate for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ishikawa Ryo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Organic–inorganic halide perovskite solar cells using textured transparent conductive films exhibit high efficiencies with improved short-circuit current density. However, uniform electron transport layer (ETL) deposition on textures by solution process is challenging. In this study, uniform ETL were formed by sequentially spin- coating polyelectrolyte with positively and negatively charged segments and negative SnO2 colloid solution and electrostatically enhancing the SnO2 coverage. The stabilized power output (SPO) was improved from 12.9% to 18.6% by incorporating this polyelectrolyte/SnO2 bilayer.
Defog YOLO for road object detection in foggy weather
Authors: Shi Xiaolong , Song Anjun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Object detection research predominantly focuses on clear weather conditions, often overlooking the challenges posed by foggy weather. Fog impairs the vision of onboard cameras, creating significant obstacles for autonomous vehicles. To tackle these issues, we present the Defog YOLO algorithm, specifically designed for road object detection in foggy conditions. Our approach integrates an enhanced U-Net framework for visual defogging, where the encoder leverages super-resolution back projection to combine multi-layer features. The decoder employs a back projection feedback mechanism to improve image restoration. Additionally, we augment the Feature Pyramid Network with a noise-aware attention mechanism, allowing the network to emphasize critical channel and spatial information while mitigating noise. Given the scarcity of labeled foggy images, we introduce a fog addition module to generate a more diverse training dataset. We validate our method using a synthesized FOG-TRAINVAL dataset, derived from the VOC dataset, demonstrating its robustness in foggy scenarios. Experimental results show that our proposed method achieves an mAP score of 60% on the Real-world Task-driven Testing Set foggy weather test set, with a precision of 86.7% and a recall of 54.2%. These findings underscore the effectiveness and improved generalizability of our approach for object detection in adverse weather conditions.
Management of a pregnant woman with Marfan syndrome and aortic root and aberrant right subclavian artery aneurysm: a case report
Authors: Voges Inga , Hoffmann Ulrike , Attman Tim , Uebing Anselm 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Marfan syndrome is a genetic connective tissue disorder that commonly affects the cardiovascular, skeletal, and ocular system. The increased risk of developing thoracic aortic aneurysms that can lead to aortic dissection and rupture is the main source of mortality in these patients. Pregnancy-induced changes can further increase the risk for aortic complications, especially in patients with an aortic root diameter &gt; 45 mm.

Case summary
The case of a 26-year-old female with Marfan syndrome who was lost to follow-up for five years and presented to our department being pregnant at 21 weeks is presented. Echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) showed an aortic root diameter of 55 mm and a large aneurysm of an aberrant right subclavian artery. Following multidisciplinary team discussion, valve-sparing aortic root and ascending aortic replacement was performed at 22 weeks of gestation without any complications. During the remaining pregnancy, the patient had frequent clinical and CMR follow-up investigations showing a mild increased size of the subclavian aneurysm. Uncomplicated caesarean delivery was performed at 35 weeks of gestation, and the subclavian artery aneurysm was successfully treated by interventional embolization.

Discussion
Although cardiovascular surgery in our patient during pregnancy was uncomplicated, the case illustrates that pre-pregnancy counselling in Marfan patients is recommended to reduce the risk for mother and child.
Current use of echocardiography in cardio-oncology: nationwide real-world data from an ANMCO/SIECVI joint survey
Authors: Barbieri Andrea , Camilli Massimiliano , Bisceglia Irma , Mantovani Francesca , Ciampi Quirino , Zito Concetta , Canale Maria Laura , Khoury Georgette , Antonini-Canterin Francesco , Carerj Scipione , Campana Marco , Riccio Carmine , Gulizia Michele Massimo , Grimaldi Massimo , Gabrielli Domenico , Colivicchi Furio , Pepi Mauro , Oliva Fabrizio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
The need for cardio-oncology competencies is constantly growing, and with the establishment of cardio-oncology services, cardiovascular imaging, particularly transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), has become pivotal in patients’ management. However, care pathways for oncologic patients largely depend on local health structures’ resources. This survey from Associazione Italiana Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri and the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging aimed at investigating the use of echocardiography in cardio-oncology services and knowledge levels on cancer patients’ care.

Methods and results
Data were obtained via an electronic survey based on a structured questionnaire uploaded to the promoting societies’ websites. Responses came from 159 centres with echocardiography. According to one-third of participating centres, workload related to cancer patients represented &gt;30% of the total requests. The most common TTE indication (85%) was left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) evaluation. Many centres (55%) still assessed LVEF solely by bidimensional method or visual estimation in case of inadequate acoustic windows. At the same time, almost 40% of centres reported routinely using global longitudinal strain when feasible. We further performed a sub-analysis according to the presence (33%) or absence (77%) of dedicated cardio-oncologists, revealing significant differences in cardiovascular surveillance strategies and cardiotoxicity management.

Conclusion
This survey on echocardiography practice for cancer patients reveals a significant gap between actual clinical practice and standards proposed by recommendations, underlying the need for stronger partnerships between cardiologists and oncologists and dedicated, well-structured cardio-oncology services.
A secret life of Queen Eleanor of Austria: correspondence, courtiers and covert agents
Authors: Hoffman Maxim 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article seeks to reassess the influence of Eleanor of Austria as queen of France. Her dual role as a foreign queen consort not only encompassed her persona as a queen of peace, emphasized at public appearances, but also involved an intimate sphere of back-channel diplomacy where she maintained close connections with her siblings, Emperor Charles V and Queen Mary of Hungary. First, Eleanor’s peace-making identity in public diplomacy will be discussed. Then, by examining dispatches from imperial ambassadors, this article demonstrates how Eleanor stimulated the Habsburg information-gathering process. Furthermore, an analysis of her unedited correspondence provides insight into the political and cultural context in which she operated as a letter writer at the court of François Ier. This article then illuminates the prominent roles played by her courtiers, and most notably Beatriz Pacheco, as informants of the imperial ambassadors and her support for covert agents such as Domingo Leyton, thus offering a more political and personal portrayal of the queen’s entourage. In this way, the article aims to present novel perspectives on secrecy and espionage at the French and Habsburg Renaissance courts.
Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity of Dextran-Coated Iron Oxide, Gold, and Silver Nanoparticles Against Age-Induced Oxidative Stress in Erythrocytes
Authors: Yadav Somu , Bhagat Stuti , Singh Sanjay , Maurya Pawan Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Erythrocytes undergo several changes during human aging and age-related diseases and, thus, have been studied as biomarkers of the aging process. The present study aimed to explore the antioxidant ability of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) such as iron oxide (Fe3O4), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) to mitigate age-related oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Metal and metal oxide NPs behave like antioxidative enzymes, directly influencing redox pathways and thus have better efficiency. Additionally, biopolymer coatings such as dextran enhance the biocompatibility of these NPs. Therefore, dextran-coated Fe3O4, Au, and Ag NPs were synthesized using wet chemical methods and were characterized. Their hemocompatibility and ability to protect erythrocytes from age-induced oxidative stress were investigated. The Fe3O4 and Au NPs were observed to protect erythrocytes from hydrogen peroxide and age-induced oxidative damage, including decreased antioxidant levels, reduced activity of antioxidative enzymes, and increased amounts of oxidative species. Pretreatment with NPs preserved the morphology and membrane integrity of the erythrocyte. However, Ag NPs induced oxidative stress in erythrocytes similar to hydrogen peroxide. Therefore, dextran-coated Fe3O4 and Au nanoparticles have the potential to be employed as antioxidant therapies against age-related oxidative stress.