bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, implementation, and evaluation of a PRECEDE-PROCEED model-based intervention to reduce Intimate Partner Violence against women in Afghan men living in Refugee Camp of Torbat Jam County (Iran): Protocol for an Embedded study
Authors: Rahimian Mohammad , Shavazi Masoumeh Abbasi , Sharifabad Mohammad Ali Morowati , Jam-Barsang Sara 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
More than a third of women around the world have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). IPV is an important public health issue and a human rights issue. IPV has more severe consequences in refugees. More than 2.5 million Afghan refugees and immigrants live in Iran. The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is one of the most practical health promotion modes in interventions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the IPV situation in Afghan refugees living in Torbat Jam camp and its relationship with their health and quality of life and to design an intervention program to reduce it based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED health promotion model.
Method
This study employs an embedded mixed-method study with quantitative, qualitative and intervention phases study that was designed at the Afghan refugee population living in Iran's Torbat Jam camp. Quality of life data will be collected with the SF-12 questionnaire, mental health status information with the DASS-21 questionnaire, and IPV status information with the Haj Yahya violence against women questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, information will be collected in the form of in-depth interviews with the participants. By carrying out the qualitative phase, the factors affecting IPV will be determined and the necessary interventions to reduce and prevent it will be carried out based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model of health promotion.
Results
Demographic variables and descriptive tables will be presented, the relationship of IPV with demographic variables, health status and quality of life will be measured. Predictors of IPV should be identified.
Conclusions
The results of this intervention will show the relationship between health status and quality of life with IPV, which can be used to design interventions.
The Effectiveness of CBT-Based Positive Self-Affirmations on Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors’ Self-Esteem and Hope
Authors: Uzondu Adachukwu Chinelo , Hollenbaugh Karen Michelle Hunnicutt 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This nine-week AB single case research study evaluated the degree to which CBT-based positive self-affirmations helped childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors increase their perceptions of hope and self-esteem. Participants included five females and one male, aged 24 to 46 years (N = 6). CBT-based positive self-affirmations were effective in increasing hope perceptions in three participants, as well as self-esteem perceptions in another three participants with statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05). The results of this study support the idea that CBT-based positive self-affirmations may be an effective intervention for CSA survivors. Implications and recommendations for counselors working with CSA survivors are discussed.
Social networking service (SNS) and transformer-based models for event-based surveillance for early detection of heat stroke in Aichi Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Anno Sumiko , Kimura Yoshitsugu , Sugita Satoru 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Event-based surveillance is crucial for the early detection and rapid response to potential public health risks. In recent years, social networking services (SNS) have been recognized for their potential role in this domain. Previous studies have demonstrated the capacity of SNS posts for the early detection of health crises and affected individuals, including those related to infectious diseases. However, the reliability of such posts, being subjective and not clinically diagnosed, remains a challenge. In this study, we address this issue by assessing the classification performance of transformer-based pretrained language models to accurately classify Japanese tweets related to heat stroke, a significant health effect of climate change, as true or false. We also evaluated the efficacy of combining SNS and artificial intelligence for event-based public health surveillance by visualizing the data on correctly classified tweets and heat stroke emergency medical evacuees in time–space and animated video, respectively. The transformer-based pretrained language models exhibited good performance in classifying the tweets. Spatiotemporal and animated video visualizations revealed a reasonable correlation. This study demonstrates the potential of using SNS posts and transformer-based pretrained language models for the early detection of heat stroke risks.
Non-compliance to IFA Consumption among Indian Pregnant Women: Evidences from NFHS-5 Data (2019-21)
Authors: Sengupta Angan , Prakash Meghna , Dutta Tina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation is one of the highly recommended strategies to tackle anemia. Under the backdrop of high anemia prevalence, this study examines the level of non- compliance with IFA supplementation among pregnant women in India.
Methods: The analysis is conducted on a sample of 151171 women, who bought or received IFA tablets/syrup during pregnancy, and was surveyed during the National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-21). Descriptive statistics and conditional probabilities are calculated to examine the initiation and attainment of different levels of IFA consumption across selected background variables. Binary logistic regressions are employed to understand the influence of socio-economic factors on non-compliance of IFA supplementation for minimum 100 days and 180 days.
Results: While the probability of initiation of IFA tablets is fairly high among pregnant women in India, the probability of consuming at least 100 tablets declines drastically for pregnant women irrespective of their socio-economic profile. The chances of not taking IFA for at least 100 days and at least 180 days are lesser by 21% and 15% for urban with respect to rural women. Age is not a significant parameter. When compared to the richest, the poorest face 1.6 times higher odds for not consuming IFA for at least 100 days, and 1.96 times higher in case of non-compliance for minimum 180 days. Women with no education shows 1.73 and 1.46-times higher likelihood do be non-compliant with both criteria as compared to those with higher education. Those who have received less than four ANCs are at least two times more likely to be non-compliant. Risk of non-compliance is lesser among women with lower birth order as compared to pregnancies of third and higher birth order.
Conclusion: Involvement of community health workers in awareness generation and close monitoring of IFA consumption behaviour ensuring compliance for a minimum of 180 days, might improve the scenario.
Should follow-up cystoscopy be performed in upper-tract urothelial carcinoma patients managed with radical nephroureterectomy after a five-year bladder tumor-free period?
Authors: Guan Bao , Wang Guoli , Yang Qian , Ren Hanzhen , Zhang Huifeng , Cao Chao , Luo Kaishun , Li Zhihua , Li Xuesong , Zhou Liqun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives: There is disagreement on the follow-up schedule after a 5-year bladder recurrence-free period in patients with upper-tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). In this study, we aimed to clarify the risk factors for the late recurrence in UTUC patients who remained bladder recurrence-free for more than 5 years.
Methods: Data from a large single-center Chinese institution were retrospectively reviewed. Among the patients with UTUC who were treated with RNU between 1999 and 2018, those who had no recurrence for more than 5 years were included in this study. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox hazards model were used to estimate recurrence-free survival.
Results: In total, 1028 patients were enrolled in this study. Of these patients, 57 patients (5.5%) experienced late recurrence. The median follow-up time was 96 years (interquartile range 6.9–11.3 years). A prior history of bladder cancer (BCa) before RNU,synchronous T1 BCa, a prior history of kidney transplantation and carcinoma in situ (CIS) were significant predictors for late recurrence, although other clinical factors including tumor grade, pathologic stage and tumor multiplicity were not associated with late recurrence.
Conclusions: Late recurrence after a prolonged intravesical tumor-free period is not uncommon and can not be fully predicted by the current risk stratification system. Patients with high-risk factors including previous and synchronous BCa, CIS variants and a previous kidney transplantation require more extensive cystoscopy follow-up for 5 to 10 years after RNU to ensure effective surveillance and timely management of potential recurrences.
Causal relationship of serum micronutrient with autoimmune neurological diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhou Yang , Wei Zhenyu , Zhan Liya , Bao Yiping , Zhong Ping , Jin Chunhua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The relationship between micronutrients and autoimmune neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), myasthenia gravis (MG), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) remains poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the causal relationships between specific micronutrients and these diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) data.
Methods
We utilized data from Open GWAS to identify genetic instruments associated with 15 micronutrients, including copper, calcium, carotene, folate, iron, magnesium, potassium, selenium, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E in European populations. For outcome data, we sourced GWAS datasets from the Finnish database comprising 2409 MS cases and 408561 controls, 461 MG cases and 408430 controls, and 445 GBS cases and 405136 controls. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with P-values less than 5 × 10^-6 were selected as instrumental variables (IVs), ensuring minimal linkage disequilibrium. Statistical analysis was performed using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method complemented by weighted mode, weighted median estimate, MR-Egger regression, and simple mode approaches. Sensitivity analyses included Cochran's Q test for heterogeneity, MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO for horizontal pleiotropy, and the one-by-one exclusion method for assessing the influence of specific SNPs on the MR analysis results.
Results
Our findings indicate a significant inverse association between blood magnesium levels and MS risk (OR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.27–0.81; P = 0.007). Similarly, blood iron levels showed a significant inverse association with MG risk (OR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.04–0.87; P = 0.032). No statistically significant causal relationships were observed between any of the studied micronutrients and GBS.
Conclusion
In conclusion, our MR analysis suggests that higher blood levels of magnesium may reduce the risk of MS and higher blood levels of iron may reduce the risk of MG. These findings warrant further investigation into the potential therapeutic roles of these micronutrients in autoimmune neurological diseases. Future research should focus on elucidating the underlying biological mechanisms and exploring potential clinical applications based on these associations.
Impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on surgical outcomes of Patients with Colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Jian-Qi , Zhang Xin-er , Chen Gao-ming , Wu Yi-xiang , Yang Xiao , Li Ze-Rong , Chen Jin-Xu , Chen Jin-Song 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on perioperative complications and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is explored.Methods: Fifty-eight CRC patients with COPD and 671 CRC patients without COPD who underwent surgery for CRC in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Sociodemographic and clinical variables including tumor status, operative and anesthesia duration, length of hospital stay, the time of postoperative catheter removal and first defecation were compared between the two cohorts. Furthermore, postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) admission, use of mechanical ventilation, fiberoptic bronchoscopy rates, postoperative antibiotic treatment, presence of complications and cancer-specific survival (CSS) or disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. Finally, COX regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for overall survival (OS) in CRC patients.Results: COPD and Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stages were independent risk factors for the postoperative OS in patients undergoing surgery for CRC. Moreover, time of postoperative urinary catheter removal and first defecation, ICU admission, use of mechanical ventilation, and fiberoptic bronchoscopy rates were significantly higher in CRC patients with COPD than in those without COPD. Furthermore, postoperative pneumonia and septic shock were more common in patients with COPD. However, COPD was not associated with CSS or DFS in CRC patients.Conclusions: COPD is an independent risk factor for OS in CRC patients after surgery, and is correlated with more postoperative complications, but it is not associated with CSS or DFS. Thus, surgical resection is recommended for selective CRC patients with COPD under the condition of more intensive postoperative care.
Outcomes and complications of single-longitudinal incision technique for totally implantable venous access ports in the upper arm
Authors: Meng Xiaoxi , Liao Huaqiang , Jiang Hailin , Liu Hongchao , Gu Yafeng , Huang Liyu , Chen Hong , Dong Weihua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to assess the technical feasibility and safety of single-longitudinal incision technique for totally implantable venous access ports (TIVAPs) in the upper arm.
Materials and Methods
The medical records of all patients who underwent image-guided implantation of TIVAPs adopting single-longitudinal incision technique in the upper arm were retrospectively reviewed at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital between 1 June 2017 and 30 December 2023. The success rates, technical difficulties, procedure times, and immediate and delayed complications of the procedure were evaluated.
Results
A total of 123 patients underwent image-guided implantation of TIVAPs in the upper arm, including 59 men and 64 women with a mean age of 58.86 ± 12.88 years. This study included a total of 62376 TIVAPs catheter-days (median 507 catheter-days, range: 9–1660 catheter-days). No TIVAP-related mortality was observed throughout the study. Technical success was achieved in all patients, with 96 using the basilic vein and 27 using the brachial vein. The mean fluoroscopy time was 12.3 ± 13.4 seconds, and the mean procedure time was 15.4 ± 2.9 minutes. A total of 17 (13.8%) patients developed complications, among which 9 (7.3%) had subcutaneous ecchymosis, 5 (4.1%, 0.008/1000 catheter-days) developed infections, 2 (1.6%, 0.003/1000 catheter-days) experienced catheter occlusion, and 1 (0.8%, 0.002/1000 catheter-days) had thrombosis. The TIVAPs were removed in 31 cases and still in use in the remaining 69 cases.
Conclusions
The single-longitudinal incision technique is feasible and safe for implanting TIVAP in the upper arm, which is an alternative approach to traditional port implantation.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors for lung cancer in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Zhou Wendi , Lin Jiamin , Xie Yalin , Ju Daichen , Zhu Jialou , Fan Jiahua , Li Yanyang , Hu Jinxing , Su Ning 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Lung cancer (LC) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are significant respiratory diseases with major impacts on public health. LC is the foremost cause of cancer-related mortality in China, while tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. The increasing occurrence of LC-PTB comorbidities presents new challenges in clinical management. This study investigated the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with LC-PTB comorbidity to inform future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This retrospective study at Guangzhou Chest Hospital reviewed 402 LC-PTB patients from October 2014 to September 2021, with clinical and epidemiological data collected and analyzed from electronic medical records. A total of 75.6% had active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB), while 24.4% had inactive pulmonary tuberculosis (IPTB). The success rate of APTB treatment was 67.4% (205/304). In the APTB group, PTB lesions were more frequently located on the same side as LC lesions (P < 0.001). Additionally, the incidence of cavitary lesions was greater in the IPTB group than in the APTB group (P < 0.001). Based on different etiological classifications, patients with APTB were divided into bacteria-positive (B+PTB) and bacteria-negative (B−PTB) groups. In the B+PTB group, PTB lesions were more frequently located on the same side as LC lesions (P < 0.001), and cavitary lesions were more common (P < 0.001). Among the LC-B−PTB patients, PTB was detected more often before LC (P < 0.001), and these patients responded better to anti-TB therapy (P < 0.001). According to the subgroup analysis, preexisting APTB (OR = 3.79, 95% CI: 2.16–6.65, P < 0.001) and advanced stages of LC (OR = 3.66, 95% CI: 1.53–8.79, P = 0.004) were identified as potential risk factors for anti-TB therapy failure. LC-PTB patients have unique clinical characteristics that differ according to their activity status and pathogen classification. Preexisting APTB and advanced-stage LC may increase the risk of anti-TB therapy failure.
Effect of Deposition Temperature in RF Sputtered ZnO Thin Films on ZnO TFT Performance
Authors: Muthusamy Sasikala , Bharatan Sudhakar , Sivaprakasam Sinthamani , Mohanam Ranjithkumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

ZnO thin films are deposited using RF magnetron sputtering by varying argon: oxygen gas flow rates and substrate temperatures. The structural and optical characterization of ZnO thin films are systematically carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, UV-visible spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Dominant (002) Grazing incidence (GI) XRD peak on samples deposited at 300°C with Ar:O2 (16:4) ratio suggest c-axis orientation both on the bulk and surface of ZnO thin film. Increase in the crystallite grain size were observed as the deposition temperature is increased from Room temperature (RT) to 300°C, leading to the reduction in grain boundaries. Absorption analyses show the reduction in band-tail states within the bandgap, supporting annihilation of defects, on the samples deposited at 250°C and 300°C. XPS spectra confirm the improved O2 incorporation and reduction in oxygen vacancies in sample deposited at 300°C. Highest hall mobility of 46.09 cm2/V-sec has been observed on sample deposited at RT, and is dominated by defects. Whereas, films deposited at 250°C and 300°C exhibit Hall bulk mobilities of 20.43 cm2/V-sec and 31.63 cm2/V-sec, respectively. Further, bottom-gate ZnO thin film transistors (TFTs) are also fabricated on SiO2/p-Si substrate. Variation in substrate temperature showed performance enhancement in terms of leakage current, threshold voltage, sub-threshold swing and ION/IOFF ratio. Devices deposited at 300°C resulted in O2-rich surface through chemisorption, which led to the reduction in leakage current of upto 10-12A and 10-fold reduction in sub-threshold swing from 30V to 2.8V. Highest field-effect mobility of 1.1 cm2/V-sec has been achieved when the ZnO thickness in the TFT is reduced to 50 nm.
The Outbreak of COVID-19 in Southern Yemen, April 2020 to December 2022
Authors: Edrees Wadhah Hassan , Al-Shehari Wadee Abdullah , Alrahabi Lutf Mohammed , Khardesh Amani Ahmed , Al-Haddad Ahmed Mohammed , Abdulkareem Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a contagious illness that is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and is responsible for a multitude of lung diseases across the globe. Data on the COVID-19 outbreak in southern part of Yemen country are lacking.
Objectives
This study aimed to describe the COVID-19 outbreak in southern Yemen between April 2020 and December 2022.
Materials and Methods
This study was a retrospective investigation based on previously collected information from the Health institution in Aden, Yemen, between April 2020 and December 2022. The data used in this study were confirmed in a laboratory using molecular methods.
Results
Of the 8823 COVID-19 cases, the highest rates were among found among males (67.47%), those aged ≥ 65 years (25.21%), 2021 (67.44%), and Costal Hadhramout governorate (26.44%). The monthly trends of COVID-19 cases showed that more cases were discovered in March 2021. In addition, the total incidence of COVID-19 is 15.04 per 10,000 individuals. A higher incidence rate was recorded in males (10.15), in 2021 (10.14), and in the governorate of Socotra (31.5). Overall, the case fatality rate was documented at 15.05%; a higher rate was recorded at 10.15%, 43.21%, 28.87%, and 29.84%, respectively, among males, the age group ≥ 65, in 2020, and in the Abyan governorate.
Conclusion
In this finding, the proportions of COVID-19 incidence and fatality cases were high. Therefore, it is imperative to raise public awareness of COVID-19 spread and safeguarding procedures and implement appropriate measures to combat infectious diseases.