bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are the low-shrinking composites suitable for orthodontic bracket bonding?
Authors: Buyuk Suleyman Kutalmis , Cantekin Kenan , Demirbuga Sezer , Ali Ozturk Mehmet 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI), and microleakage of low-shrinking and conventional composites used as an orthodontic bracket bonding adhesive. Materials and Methods: A hundred twenty non-caries human premolars, extracted for orthodontic purposes, were used in this study. Sixty of them were separated into two groups. Brackets were bonded to the teeth in the test group with Silorane (3M-Espe) and control group with Transbond-XT (3M-Unitek). SBS values of these brackets were recorded in MPa using a universal testing machine. ARI scores were determined after the failure of brackets. The remaining 60 teeth were divided into two groups and microleakage was evaluated by the dye penetration method. Statistical analyses were performed by Wilcoxon, Pearson Chi-square, and Mann-Whitney U tests at P < 0.05 level. Results: The mean SBS for Transbond XT was significantly greater than low-shrinking composite (P < 0.001). Significant differences (χ2 =29.60, P < 0.001) were present between the two groups for the ARI scores. Microleakage values were lower in low-shrinking composite than in the control group, and this difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Although low-shrinking composite produced insufficient SBS and ARI scores, microleakage values were lower in low-shrinking composite than in the control group on the etched enamel surfaces, when used as a bracket bonding composite.
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of microorganisms in root-filled teeth with persistent infection: Monitoring of the endodontic retreatment
Authors: Endo Marcos S. , Ferraz Caio C. R. , Zaia Alexandre A. , Almeida Jose F.A. , Gomes Brenda P. F. A. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo microorganisms detected in root-filled teeth with post-treatment apical periodontitis and quantify colony-forming units (CFU) during endodontic retreatment. Materials and Methods: Fifteen root-filled teeth had their previous gutta-percha removed and were randomly instrumented before being divided into three groups and medicated with either [Ca (OH) 2 + 2% CHX gel], [Ca (OH) 2 + 0.9% NaCl] or 2% CHX gel. Samples were taken after removal of gutta-percha (S1), after chemomechanical preparation using 2% CHX gel (S2), and after inter-appointment dressing (S3) for 7 or 14 days later. Cultivable bacteria recovered from infected root canals at the three stages were counted and identified by means of culture and PCR assay (16S rDNA). Quantitative data were statistically analyzed by using Mann-Whitney test in which pairs of groups were compared (P < 0.05). Results: CFU counts decreased significantly from S1 to S2 (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between S2 and S3 (P = 0.3093) for all three experimental groups. Chemomechanical preparation and intra-canal dressing promoted significant median reductions of 99.61% and 99.57%, respectively, in the number of bacteria compared to S1 samples. A total of 110 cultivable isolates were recovered by culture technique from 32 different species and 7 different genera. Out of the 13 target species-specific primer of bacteria analyzed, 11 were detected during endodontic retreatment. Conclusion: The great majority of taxa found in post-treatment samples were Gram-positive bacteria, although Gram-negative bacteria were found by molecular methods. Moreover, our results showed that gutta-percha removal and chemomechanical preparation are effective for root canal disinfection, whereas additional intra-canal dressing did not improve disinfection.
Hybridization quality and bond strength of adhesive systems according to interaction with dentin
Authors: Salvio Luciana Andrea , Di Hipólito Vinicius , Martins Adriano Luis , de Goes Mario Fernando 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the hybridization quality and bond strength of adhesives to dentin. Materials and Methods: Ten human molars were ground to expose the dentin and then sectioned in four tooth-quarters. They were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the adhesive used: Two single-step self-etch adhesives - Adper Prompt (ADP) and Xeno III (XE), two two-step self-etching primer systems - Clearfil SE Bond (SE) and Adhe SE (ADSE), and one one-step etch-and-rinse system - Adper Single Bond (SB). Resin composite (Filtek Z250) crown buildups were made on the bonded surfaces and incrementally light-cured for 20 s. The restored tooth-quarters were stored in water at 37΀C for 24 h and then sectioned into beams (0.8 mm 2 in cross-section). Maximal microtensile bond strength (μ-TBS) was recorded (0.5 mm/min in crosshead speed). The results were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey′s test (α = 0.05). Thirty additional teeth were used to investigate the hybridization quality by SEM using silver methenamine or ammoniacal silver nitrate dyes. Results: SE reached significantly higher μ-TBS (P < 0.05); no significance was found between ADSE and XE (P > 0.05), and between SB and ADP (P > 0.05); ADSE and XE were significantly higher than SB and ADP (P < 0.05). The bonding interface of SB showed the most intense silver uptake. SE and ADSE showed more favorable hybridization quality than that observed for ADP and XE. Conclusions: The bond strength and hybridization quality were affected by the interaction form of the adhesives with dentin. The hybridization quality was essential to improve the immediate μ-TBS to dentin.
Comparative study of surface microhardness of methacrylate-based composite resins polymerized with light-emitting diodes and halogen
Authors: Sabatini Camila 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of polymerization with quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) and light-emitting diodes (LED) on the surface microhardness of eight commercially available light-polymerized, methacrylate-based composite resins, with different filler particle composition (microfill, minifill, nanohybrids, and microhybrids) immediately after polymerization, after 24 hours, and after three months of storage. Materials and Methods: Eighty disk-shaped specimens were prepared using a split Teflon mold (6 × 2 mm) and were irradiated with either the QTH (Elipar 2500; 600 mW/cm 2 ) for 20 seconds or an LED (Bluephase G2; 1,200 mW/cm 2 ) for 40 seconds. The microhardness values were recorded using a Vickers hardness tester at a 300 g load for 15 seconds, immediately after polymerization, after 24 hours, and after three months of dark aging in distilled water at 37°C. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey′s test. Results: The baseline values demonstrated a significant effect of the composite and the interaction composite-LCU on the microhardness (P < 0.05). At 24 hours, only the composite variable showed a significant effect on the hardness values (P < 0.05). After three months, the composite, LCU, and the interaction composite-LCU all demonstrated a significant effect on the microhardness (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The effectiveness of polymerization, measured in terms of surface hardness, was shown to be dependent not only on the type of light curing unit, but also on the type of composite. Moreover, the choice of composite was shown to affect the performance of the light curing unit.
The effect of different organic solvents on the degradation of restorative materials
Authors: Martos Josué , Machado Silveira Luiz Fernando , Silveira Carina Folgearini , Suita de Castro Luis Antonio , Ferrer-Luque Carmen María 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the solubility of three restorative materials exposed to the different endodontic solvents. Materials and Methods: The organic solvents eucalyptus oil, xylol, chloroform, and orange oil, with distilled water as the control group was utilized. The restorative materials light-cured resin (Filtek Z250/3M ESPE), light-cured-resin-reinforced glass ionomer (Riva Light Cure LC/Southern Dental Industries SDI]) and resin-modified glass ionomer (Vitremer/3M ESPE) were analyzed. A total of 50 disks containing specimens (2 mm Χ 8 mm Ø) were prepared for each of the three classes of restorative materials, which were divided into 10 groups (n = 5) for immersion in eucalyptus oil, xylol, chloroform, orange oil or distilled water for periods of either 2 min or 10 min. The means of restorative material disintegration in solvents were obtained by the difference between the original preimmersion weight and the postimmersion weight in a digital analytical scale. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance while the difference between the materials was analyzed by Student-Newman-Keuls test. The significance level set at 0.05. Results: Vitremer showed the highest solubility, followed by Riva LC, and these were statistically different from eucalyptus oil, xylol, chloroform, and distilled water (P < 0.05). Regarding the immersion time in solvents, there were no significant differences between the two tested periods (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The solvents minimally degraded the composite resin, although they did influence the degradation of both resin-modified glass ionomer resin and resin reinforced with glass ionomer.
The effects of three different mouth rinses in a 4-day supragingival plaque regrowth study
Authors: Ulkur Feyza , Arun Tulin , Ozdemir Fulya 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study compares the effects of three different mouth rinses with respect to reducing Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) colony counts on the teeth and tongue surfaces. Materials and Methods: In this study, comparison tests using the alcohol-free 0.1% chlorhexidine mouth rinse, alcohol-containing essential oil mouth rinse, and alcohol-free essential oil-containing mouth rinse were conducted. Patients were instructed to avoid mechanical cleaning with either a toothbrush or toothpick for 4 days. The first samples were collected from teeth surfaces and the dorsum of the tongue after a professional cleaning, and the second samples were collected after a 4-day plaque re-growth period. The supragingival plaque from the buccal surfaces of teeth #11, 14, 31, 34 as well as samples from the dorsum of the tongue, were assessed using the Dentocult® strips. Results: The Listerine® and Ondrohexidine® groups did not show any statistically significant differences between the values of the two samples (P = 0.734, P = 0.307). The MC® group and the control group showed significantly higher results than the first sample values. The effectiveness of the mouth rinses on S. mutans colony counts from the teeth surfaces were higher in the Listerine® , Ondrohexidine® , and Mouthwash Concentrate® groups. The difference between the first and second samples of the S. mutans colony counts from the tongue surface was found to be statistically significant, and S. mutans colony counts were higher than the first sample (P = 0.015). Conclusion: Alcohol and essential oil-containing Listerine® mouth rinse, alcohol-free Ondrohexidine® , alcohol-free essential oil-containing MC® mouth rinse had the same effect on S. mutans counts, higher than the 1% alcohol solution on teeth surface. They had the ability to maintain the S. mutans counts at the same level for 4 days in patients who did not perform any mechanical oral hygiene regimen.
Fluid flow evaluation of coronal microleakage intraorifice barrier materials in endodontically treated teeth
Authors: Bayram H. Melike , Çelikten Berkan , Bayram Emre , Bozkurt Alperen 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the coronal microleakage intraorifice barrier materials, called CoroSeal (CS), fissur sealant (FS), flowable composite FC, and policarboksilate cement (PC), by using the computerized fluid filtration method. Materials and Methods: Fifty freshly extracted, single-canal human maxillary central teeth were used in this study. The teeth were decoronated to a standardized root length of 15 mm. After preparation and irrigation, all the teeth were obturated with gutta-percha and AH-Plus. In all teeth, the coronal 2 mm of root filling was removed and replaced with one of the intraorifice barriers. According to intraorifice barriers, teeth were divided randomly into 4 experimental groups (n = 10) and 2 control groups (n = 5). Group 1: CS; Group 2: FS; Group 3: FC; and Group 4: PC. Positive Control Group: No barrier material was used. Negative Control Group: Roots were completely coated with the nail polish, including the orifice. Leakage was evaluated by using a computerized fluid filtration model. Differences in fluid filtration among groups were subjected to statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis Test and multiple comparisons test. Results: A value of P < 0.05 was statistically significant. Statistical analysis has indicated that the CS leaked significantly less than other groups (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference between FS and PC (P < 0.05), in contrast there was no significant difference between FS and FC (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Using the CS material as an intraorrifice barrier material reduced amount of microleakage as compared with FS, FC, and PC.
Galvanic gold plating for fixed dental prosthesis
Authors: Ozcelik Tuncer Burak , Yilmaz Burak 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTMetal ceramic partial fixed dental prostheses have been commonly used for the replacement of missing teeth for many years. Because of an increase in the price of gold, base metal alloys have been the choice of alloy for the fabrication of metal ceramic restorations in many dental clinics. Some major disadvantages of base metals are their corrosion and the dark coloration they may cause at the crown margins. This article describes a galvanic gold-plating technique, which is used to minimize corrosion and improve the esthetics of metal ceramic restorations fabricated with Cr-Co base metal alloys. This technique involves the deposition of a 6 μm to 8 μm 24 K gold layer directly onto the Cr-Co cast prosthesis framework. The technique improves metal surface properties, making them more biocompatible and usable, however, requires additional equipment and experienced laboratory technicians. Clinical studies should be performed to corroborate the long term success of this technique.
Bone regeneration with plasma-rich-protein following enucleation of traumatic bone cyst
Authors: Subramaniam Priya , Kumar Krishna , Ramakrishna T. , Bhadranna Abhishek 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTTraumatic bone cyst is an uncommon non-epithelium lined cavity and is seen frequently in young individuals. The lesion occurs more commonly in the mandible, involving the posterior region. It is generally asymptomatic and is diagnosed on routine radiographic examination. The cystic cavity is usually empty and there is scanty material for histological examination. Surgical curettage is usually done and recurrence is rare. A case of traumatic bone cyst occurring in the anterior region of mandible in a young boy is presented. Following surgical intervention, plasma-rich-protein was placed in the cystic cavity. The lesion showed progressive resolution and bone regeneration of the cystic cavity within a short period of time.
Influence of Acute Coffee Consumption on Postprandial Oxidative Stress
Authors: Bloomer Richard J. , Trepanowski John F. , Farney Tyler M. 
Published: July 2013

Background Coffee has been reported to be rich in antioxidants, with both acute and chronic consumption leading to enhanced blood antioxidant capacity. High-fat feeding is known to result in excess production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, promoting a condition of postprandial oxidative stress. Methods We tested the hypothesis that coffee intake following a high-fat meal would attenuate the typical increase in blood oxidative stress during the acute postprandial period. On 3 different occasions, 16 men and women consumed a high-fat milk shake followed by either 16 ounces of caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee or bottled water. Blood samples were collected before and at 2 and 4 hours following intake of the milk shake and analyzed for triglycerides (TAG), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). Results Values for TAG and MDA ( P < 0.001), as well as for H2O2 ( P < 0.001), increased significantly following milk shake consumption, with values higher at 4 hours compared with 2 hours post consumption for TAG and H2O2 ( P < 0.05). TEAC was unaffected by the milk shake consumption. Coffee had no impact on TAG, MDA, H2O2, or TEAC, with no condition or interaction effects noted for any variable ( P > 0.05). Conclusions Acute coffee consumption following a high-fat milk shake has no impact on postprandial oxidative stress.
Social Entrepreneurship in Religious Congregations' Efforts to Address Health Needs
Authors: Werber Laura , Mendel Peter J. , Derose Kathryn Pitkin 
Published: July 2013

Purpose. Examine how religious congregations engage in social entrepreneurship as they strive to meet health-related needs in their communities. Design. Multiple case studies. Setting. Los Angeles County, California. Participants. Purposive sample of 14 congregations representing diverse races/ethnicities (African-American, Latino, and white) and faith traditions (Jewish and various Christian). Method. Congregations were recruited based on screening data and consultation of a community advisory board. In each congregation, researchers conducted interviews with clergy and lay leaders (n = 57); administered a congregational questionnaire; observed health activities, worship services, and neighborhood context; and reviewed archival information. Interviews were analyzed by using a qualitative, code-based approach. Results. Congregations' health-related activities tended to be episodic, small in scale, and local in scope. Trust and social capital played important roles in congregations' health initiatives, providing a safe, confidential environment and leveraging resources from—and for—faith-based and secular organizations in their community networks. Congregations also served as “incubators” for members to engage in social entrepreneurship. Conclusion. Although the small scale of congregations' health initiatives suggest they may not have the capacity to provide the main infrastructure for service provision, congregations can complement the efforts of health and social providers with their unique strengths. Specifically, congregations are distinctive in their ability to identify unmet local needs, and congregations' position in their communities permit them to network in productive ways.
Interventions with Children and Parents to Improve Physical Activity and Body Mass Index: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dellert Jane Cerruti , Johnson Portia 
Published: July 2013

Objective. Examine the effect of interventions with parents and children on children's physical activity and body mass index (BMI). Data Source. Computerized searches for intervention studies published between 1990 and 2011 used multiple ProQuest databases, including unpublished dissertations and theses to minimize publication bias. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. English-language, intervention-testing studies of children, parents, or families with outcomes of physical activity or BMI were retrieved from peer-reviewed journals, dissertations, and theses. Eliminated studies had no control or comparison group; had no continuous outcome variable; had no physical activity/exercise and/or BMI as outcomes; or had incomplete statistics necessary for meta-analysis (means, standard deviations, or confidence intervals). Data Extraction. Twenty-one studies met inclusion criteria. Quality criteria were control group, objective outcome variable measure, clarity of variable definitions, and number and reason for subject withdrawal. Data Synthesis. Meta-analysis on the raw difference of means estimated mean weighted effect size (MWES) assessed dispersion of effects and computed a summary effect. Results. MWES for interventions with parents and children on physical activity (Z = 2.92; confidence interval [CI] = .09 to .48; p = .002) and on BMI for interventions with children alone (Z = −2.10; CI = −.16 to −.01;p = .02) was significant. Conclusion. A significant effect on physical activity but not on BMI was found when interventions included both parents and their children.
Association of Street Connectivity and Road Traffic Speed with Park Usage and Park-Based Physical Activity
Authors: Kaczynski Andrew T. , Koohsari Mohammad Javad , Stanis Sonja A. Wilhelm , Bergstrom Ryan , Sugiyama Takemi 
Published: July 2013

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between street connectivity and road traffic speed and neighborhood residents' use of parks and park-based physical activity. Design. Cross-sectional. Setting. Kansas City, Missouri. Subjects. Participants were 893 adults from randomly selected households. Measures. Both self-reported park use and park-based physical activity were dichotomized as some versus none. Intersection density was calculated around each participant, and network analysis was used to determine whether participants had to travel on or cross a road with traffic speed greater than 35 miles per hour (mph) to reach the closest park. Analysis. Multilevel logistic regression examined the association between intersection density and traffic speed wit park use and park-based physical activity. Results. Compared to those in the lowest intersection density quartile, participants in the third and fourth quartiles were more likely to use parks and to engage in physical activity in parks (odds ratio [OR] = 1.76–2.34; all p < .05). Likewise, compared to those who had a high-speed road on their way to the closest park, participants with slower traffic routes to parks were more likely to use the parks (OR = 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05–1.92). Conclusion. In addition to park proximity and the design of park features, ensuring direct and safe access to parks through street network design and traffic speed reduction strategies may be key to facilitating park-related physical activity.