bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the mammalian dentate gyrus
Authors: Hevner Robert F. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThe dentate gyrus (DG), a part of the hippocampal formation, has important functions in learning, memory, and adult neurogenesis. Compared with homologous areas in sauropsids (birds and reptiles), the mammalian DG is larger and exhibits qualitatively different phenotypes: 1) folded (C‐ or V‐shaped) granule neuron layer, concave toward the hilus and delimited by a hippocampal fissure; 2) nonperiventricular adult neurogenesis; and 3) prolonged ontogeny, involving extensive abventricular (basal) migration and proliferation of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs). Although gaps remain, available data indicate that these DG traits are present in all orders of mammals, including monotremes and marsupials. The exception is Cetacea (whales, dolphins, and porpoises), in which DG size, convolution, and adult neurogenesis have undergone evolutionary regression. Parsimony suggests that increased growth and convolution of the DG arose in stem mammals concurrently with nonperiventricular adult hippocampal neurogenesis and basal migration of NSPCs during development. These traits could all result from an evolutionary change that enhanced radial migration of NSPCs out of the periventricular zones, possibly by epithelial–mesenchymal transition, to colonize and maintain nonperiventricular proliferative niches. In turn, increased NSPC migration and clonal expansion might be a consequence of growth in the cortical hem (medial patterning center), which produces morphogens such as Wnt3a, generates Cajal‐Retzius neurons, and is regulated by Lhx2. Finally, correlations between DG convolution and neocortical gyrification (or capacity for gyrification) suggest that enhanced abventricular migration and proliferation of NSPCs played a transformative role in growth and folding of neocortex as well as archicortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:578–594, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Three‐dimensional immersive virtual reality for studying cellular compartments in 3D models from EM preparations of neural tissues
Authors: Calì Corrado , Baghabra Jumana , Boges Daniya J. , Holst Glendon R. , Kreshuk Anna , Hamprecht Fred A. , Srinivasan Madhusudhanan , Lehväslaiho Heikki , Magistretti Pierre J. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTAdvances in the application of electron microscopy (EM) to serial imaging are opening doors to new ways of analyzing cellular structure. New and improved algorithms and workflows for manual and semiautomated segmentation allow us to observe the spatial arrangement of the smallest cellular features with unprecedented detail in full three‐dimensions. From larger samples, higher complexity models can be generated; however, they pose new challenges to data management and analysis. Here we review some currently available solutions and present our approach in detail. We use the fully immersive virtual reality (VR) environment CAVE (cave automatic virtual environment), a room in which we are able to project a cellular reconstruction and visualize in 3D, to step into a world created with Blender, a free, fully customizable 3D modeling software with NeuroMorph plug‐ins for visualization and analysis of EM preparations of brain tissue. Our workflow allows for full and fast reconstructions of volumes of brain neuropil using ilastik, a software tool for semiautomated segmentation of EM stacks. With this visualization environment, we can walk into the model containing neuronal and astrocytic processes to study the spatial distribution of glycogen granules, a major energy source that is selectively stored in astrocytes. The use of CAVE was key to the observation of a nonrandom distribution of glycogen, and led us to develop tools to quantitatively analyze glycogen clustering and proximity to other subcellular features. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:23–38, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Opicapone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics comparison between healthy Japanese and matched white subjects
Authors: Falcão Amílcar , Rocha José Francisco , Santos Ana , Nunes Teresa , Soares‐da‐Silva Patrício 
Published: July 2015

AbstractOpicapone (OPC) is a novel third‐generation catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor. This randomized, double‐blind, parallel, placebo‐controlled and multiple ascending dose study in 3 sequential groups of up to 38 (19 Japanese plus 19 white subjects) aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD; COMT activity) of opicapone between healthy Japanese and matched white subjects. Enrolled subjects received a once‐daily morning administration of OPC (5, 25, or 50 mg) or placebo for 10 days, with plasma and urine concentrations of opicapone and its metabolites measured up to 144 hours postdose, including S‐COMT activity. Geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and confidence intervals (95%CIs) for the main PK and PD parameters of OPC were evaluated between populations. Both the PK and PD of OPC were similar in the Japanese and white populations. Overall, only minimal differences were noted between the 2 populations, which were not deemed to be statistically significant. When both populations were separated based on their COMT genotype, the observed PK and PD differences were also negligible. In conclusion, the PK and PD profiles of OPC were similar in the Japanese and white populations. Thus, ethnicity and COMT polymorphisms had no significant impact on the OPC PK and PD in the conditions of the study.
Design of Glycosyltransferase Inhibitors: Serine Analogues as Pyrophosphate Surrogates?
Authors: Wang Shuai , Cuesta‐Seijo Jose A. , Striebeck Alexander , Lafont Dominique , Palcic Monica M. , Vidal Sébastien 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMimicking the diphosphate moiety of nucleotide diphosphate sugars with serine analogues provided modest glycosyltransferase inhibitors. The synthetic strategy employed a combination of glycosylation, amide bond formation and azide–alkyne “click” chemistry. Inhibition constants (Ki) in the high micromolar range were obtained with a selection of five galactosyltransferases. Cocrystals of three inhibitors bound at the active site of a blood group A/B synthesizing glycosyltransferase were analysed. The structures and inhibitory patterns of the analogues demonstrate the flexibility of the enzymes which complicates the rational design of glycosyltransferase inhibitors.
Exploring Phase Progression Throughout the Therapeutic Process: The Case of Eva
Authors: Ferreira Joana F. , Vasco António B. , Basseches Michael , Santos Andreia , Ferreira João M. 
Published: July 2015

This study intends to clarify how Eva [a good‐outcome case] developed a more differentiated and integrated sense of herself and her experience, and how the therapist facilitated this developmental process.It aims to deepen our understanding of the processes of change throughout the therapeutic process by analysing a longitudinal case study integrating a phase‐by‐phase map—the sequential phases of the Paradigmatic Complementarity Metamodel [PCM]—with a moment‐by‐moment tracking method—the Developmental Analysis of Psychotherapy Process [DAPP] Method.A team of three researchers analysed the sessions from the first year of therapy, identified phase transitions and consolidations, and discussed what in the process appears to have fostered them.The results suggest that Eva evolved in accordance with the sequence of phases proposed by the PCM, which we illustrate and explain with therapeutic interactions representative of Eva's development within the evolving therapeutic process.This case study is one of a series intended to contribute to the optimization of clinical decision making by identifying markers of phase progression and assessing the usefulness of the therapeutic interventions offered. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Integrating moment‐by‐moment and phase‐by‐phase guiding maps facilitates the understanding of therapeutic processes.
Therapists' attunement and responsiveness to patients' assimilation capacities supports therapeutic progress.
Being aware of both phase‐by‐phase and moment‐by‐moment movements in psychotherapy helps lead to better clinical decisions.
Improving reliability of erasure codes‐based storage paradigm under correlated failures for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Ruan Zhiqiang , Luo Haibo , Chen Zhide 
Published: July 2015

SummaryIn distributed sensor networks, ensuring data availability and reliability in the presence of node failures and malicious attacks is an important requirement. Traditionally, redundant schemes such as erasure codes and network coding are used to improve storage efficiency. However, prior works do not consider the scenario that node failures might cut the network into multiple components and result in unsuccessful data reconstruction. To address this problem, we first devise a data segment distribution scheme that enables randomly connected component of remaining network to have enough data symbols to recreate the initial data. Because the optimal symbol distribution is Nondeterministic Polynomial (NP)‐complete problem, we further propose an approximation solution to solve it for arbitrary network model. Second, an efficient data recovery scheme with integrity check is proposed to reconstruct the initial data and repair the data saved on the disabled nodes in case of Byzantine failures. Compared with the previous approaches, the proposed scheme benefits from low data loss and storage overhead, which is confirmed by evaluations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A lightweight anonymous authentication scheme for consumer roaming in ubiquitous networks with provable security
Authors: Farash Mohammad Sabzinejad , Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf , Heydari Mohammad , Sajad Sadough S. Mohammad , Kumari Saru , Khan Muhammad Khurram 
Published: July 2015

SummaryUbiquitous networks provide roaming service for mobile nodes enabling them to use the services extended by their home networks in a foreign network. A mutual authentication scheme between the roamed mobile node and the foreign network is needed to be performed through the home network. Various authentication schemes have been developed for such networks, but most of them failed to achieve security in parallel to computational efficiency. Recently, Shin et al. and Wen et al. separately proposed two efficient authentication schemes for roaming service in ubiquitous networks. Both argued their schemes to satisfy all the security requirements for such systems. However, in this paper, we show that Shin et al.'s scheme is susceptible to: (i) user traceability; (ii) user impersonation; (iii) service provider impersonation attacks; and (iv) session key disclosure. Furthermore, we show that Wen et al.'s scheme is also insecure against: (i) session key disclosure; and (ii) known session key attacks. To conquer the security problems, we propose an improved authentication scheme with anonymity for consumer roaming in ubiquitous networks. The proposed scheme not only improved the security but also retained a lower computational cost as compared with existing schemes. We prove the security of proposed scheme in random oracle model. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytologic features of gastric‐type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix
Authors: Kawakami Fumi , Mikami Yoshiki , Sudo Tamotsu , Fujiwara Kiyoshi , Hirose Takanori , Itoh Tomoo 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundGastric‐type mucinous carcinoma (GAS) is a clinically aggressive variant of cervical adenocarcinoma. This study sought to describe the cytologic features of GAS.MethodsWe reviewed the cervical and endometrial smears of 14 patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of GAS. All slides were conventionally smeared. We included 20 controls with usual‐type endocervical adenocarcinoma (UEA).ResultsMonolayered and honeycomb sheets were observed in 78.6% (11/14) of patients with GAS, and were prominent in seven patients. Three‐dimensional clusters were more prominent in the UEA group. Vacuolar and/or foamy cytoplasm was observed in 71.4% (10/14) of patients with GAS, whereas this finding was rare among those with UEA (2/18). Marked intracytoplasmic neutrophil entrapment was more common in the GAS group (7/14) than in the UEA group (2/18). Intracytoplasmic mucin was present in eight patients with GAS. Nuclei were vesicular in eight patients with GAS, but were homogenous and hyperchromatic in UEA patients. Conspicuous nucleoli were present in nine patients with GAS. Conversely, this finding was rarely observed in UEA patients.ConclusionsThe characteristic cytologic findings of GAS include (1) monolayered and honeycomb sheets, (2) vacuolar and/or foamy cytoplasm, (3) intracytoplasmic neutrophil entrapment, and (4) vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:791–796. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diagnostic role and limitations of FNAC in oral and jaw swellings
Authors: Goyal Surbhi , Sharma Sonal , Diwaker Preeti 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of oral lesions has not been widely utilized for diagnosis due to rarity and diversity of lesions, peculiar anatomy of maxillofacial region, difficulty in aspirating these lesions, and limited experience. Aim of this study was to determine the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of oral and jaw swellings.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and forty two patients underwent FNAC over a period of 7 years (2007–2013), of which 127 (89.4%) aspirates were diagnostic. Histopathologic correlation was available in 83 cases and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was calculated.ResultsOf the minor salivary gland lesions, 41 out of 55 lesions (74.5%) were benign and 14 (25.4%) were malignant. Mucocele was the most common lesion in oral cavity (30 cases) and pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest salivary gland neoplasm (9 cases). Of the 72 non‐salivary‐gland lesions, 22 lesions were inflammatory, 4 were epidermal inclusion cysts, 21 were neoplastic, and the remaining 25 presented as radiolucent jaw bone lesions. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in our study was 91.6% with 6 false negatives and 1 false positive. Four glandular malignancies and one case of cystic ameloblastoma were misdiagnosed as false negative on cytology.ConclusionCytological features are diagnostic in certain inflammatory lesions of infective etiology and neoplastic conditions like Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lymphoma, plasmacytoma, Ewing's tumor, and squamous cell carcinoma. However, accurate subtyping of giant cell lesions, salivary gland tumors, odontogenic tumors, and cystic lesions may not be always feasible on FNAC. FNAC is highly accurate in early diagnosis of oral and jaw lesions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:810–818. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diabetes, glycaemia, and cognition—a secondary analysis of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study
Authors: Lehtisalo Jenni , Lindström Jaana , Ngandu Tiia , Kivipelto Miia , Ahtiluoto Satu , Ilanne‐Parikka Pirjo , Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi Sirkka , Eriksson Johan G. , Uusitupa Matti , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Luchsinger Jose A. ,   for the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS)
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes is linked with cognitive dysfunction and dementia in epidemiological studies, but these observations are limited by lack of data on the exact timing of diabetes onset. We investigated diabetes, dysglycaemia, and cognition in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study, in which the timing and duration of diabetes are well documented.MethodsThe Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study comprised middle‐aged, overweight participants with impaired glucose tolerance but no diabetes at baseline (n = 522), randomized to lifestyle intervention or a control group. After an intervention period (mean duration 4 years) and follow‐up (additional 9 years), cognitive assessment with the CERAD test battery and Trail Making Test A (TMT) was executed twice within a 2‐year interval. Of the 364 (70%) participants with cognitive assessments, 171 (47%) had developed diabetes.ResultsCognitive function did not differ between those who developed diabetes and those who did not. Lower mean 2‐h glucose at an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbA1Cduring the intervention period predicted better performance in the TMT (p = 0.012 and 0.024, respectively). Those without diabetes or with short duration of diabetes improved in CERAD total score between the two assessments (p = 0.001) whereas those with long duration of diabetes did not (p = 0.844).ConclusionsBetter glycemic control among persons with baseline impaired glucose tolerance predicted better cognitive performance 9 years later in this secondary analysis of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study population. In addition, learning effects in cognitive testing were not evident in people with long diabetes duration. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deficiency of the RNA binding protein caprin2 causes lens defects and features of peters anomaly
Authors: Dash Soma , Dang Christine A. , Beebe David C. , Lachke Salil A. 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundIt was recently demonstrated that deficiency of a conserved RNA binding protein (RBP) and RNA granule (RG) component Tdrd7 causes ocular defects including cataracts in human, mouse and chicken, indicating the importance of posttranscriptional regulation in eye development. Here we investigated the function of a second conserved RBP/RG component Caprin2 that is identified by the eye gene discovery tool iSyTE.ResultsIn situ hybridization, Western blotting and immunostaining confirmed highly enriched expression of Caprin2 mRNA and protein in mouse embryonic and postnatal lens. To gain insight into its function, lens‐specific Caprin2 conditional knockout (cKO) mouse mutants were generated using a lens‐Cre deleter line Pax6GFPCre. Phenotypic analysis of Caprin2cKO/cKO mutants revealed distinct eye defects at variable penetrance. Wheat germ agglutinin staining and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that Caprin2cKO/cKO mutants have an abnormally compact lens nucleus, which is the core of the lens comprised of centrally located terminally differentiated fiber cells. Additionally, Caprin2cKO/cKO mutants also exhibited at 8% penetrance a developmental defect that resembles a human condition called Peters anomaly, wherein the lens and the cornea remain attached by a persistent stalk.ConclusionsThese data suggest that a conserved RBP Caprin2 functions in distinct morphological events in mammalian eye development. Developmental Dynamics 244:1313–1327, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development and validation of the Chinese‐language version of the eating pathology symptoms inventory
Authors: Tang Xiaoqi , Forbush Kelsie T. , Lui P. Priscilla 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveEating disorders are becoming increasingly prevalent among individuals from non‐Western countries, yet few non‐English‐language measures of eating pathology exist. The current study sought to develop and validate a Chinese version of the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory1 with cross‐cultural equivalence.MethodThe Chinese version of the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (CEPSI) was translated and back‐translated by native Chinese speakers, and administered to a pilot sample of native Chinese speaking students (N = 45) from a Midwestern university in the United States. The measure was revised based on participant's feedback, and administrated to a large sample of native Chinese speakers recruited from a Midwestern community (N = 195; 49.2% women) to test the factor structure and convergent and discriminant validity of the measure.ResultsAs hypothesized, the CEPSI had a robust eight‐factor structure, and demonstrated evidence for acceptable internal consistency (median coefficient alphas were 0.80 for men and 0.79 for women, and alpha values ranged from 0.36 to 0.85 in men and 0.70 to 0.89 in women), and good convergent validity (correlations with relevant translated scales from the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire and the Eating Attitudes Test‐26 ranged from 0.22 to 0.58) and discriminate validity (correlations with a translated version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale ranged from .12 to .30).DiscussionResults indicate that the CEPSI has high potential value as a new self‐report measure of eating pathology that can be used in future research and clinical settings to assess eating disorder‐related psychopathology among Chinese speaking individuals. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:1016–1023).
Relationship status predicts lower restrictive eating pathology for bisexual and gay men across 10‐year follow‐up
Authors: Brown Tiffany A. , Keel Pamela K. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveCross‐sectional studies support that bisexual and gay (BG) men are at increased risk for eating pathology, and romantic relationships may buffer against risk; however, no studies have examined this association longitudinally. The current study examined how romantic relationships impact the trajectory of eating pathology in BG versus heterosexual men.MethodBG (n = 51) and heterosexual (n = 522) men completed surveys of health and eating behaviors at baseline and 10‐year follow‐up.ResultsFor BG men, being single at baseline prospectively predicted an increase in Drive for Thinness scores over 10‐year follow‐up. Additionally, for BG men in relationships at baseline, lower relationship satisfaction predicted an increase in Drive for Thinness scores over time. Conversely, these relationship variables did not predict trajectory of eating pathology for heterosexual men.DiscussionImplications for theoretical models of risk, including objectification theory and sexual minority stress theory, and prevention, including peer‐led cognitive dissonance based interventions, are discussed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:700–707)
Effects of host plant on life‐history traits in the polyphagous spider mite Tetranychus urticae
Authors: Marinosci Cassandra , Magalhães Sara , Macke Emilie , Navajas Maria , Carbonell David , Devaux Céline , Olivieri Isabelle 
Published: July 2015

AbstractStudying antagonistic coevolution between host plants and herbivores is particularly relevant for polyphagous species that can experience a great diversity of host plants with a large range of defenses. Here, we performed experimental evolution with the polyphagous spider mite Tetranychus urticae to detect how mites can exploit host plants. We thus compared on a same host the performance of replicated populations from an ancestral one reared for hundreds of generations on cucumber plants that were shifted to either tomato or cucumber plants. We controlled for maternal effects by rearing females from all replicated populations on either tomato or cucumber leaves, crossing this factor with the host plant in a factorial design. About 24 generations after the host shift and for all individual mites, we measured the following fitness components on tomato leaf fragments: survival at all stages, acceptance of the host plant by juvenile and adult mites, longevity, and female fecundity. The host plant on which mite populations had evolved did not affect the performance of the mites, but only affected their sex ratio. Females that lived on tomato plants for circa 24 generations produced a higher proportion of daughters than did females that lived on cucumber plants. In contrast, maternal effects influenced juvenile survival, acceptance of the host plant by adult mites and female fecundity. Independently of the host plant species on which their population had evolved, females reared on the tomato maternal environment produced offspring that survived better on tomato as juveniles, but accepted less this host plant as adults and had a lower fecundity than did females reared on the cucumber maternal environment. We also found that temporal blocks affected mite dispersal and both female longevity and fecundity. Taken together, our results show that the host plant species can affect critical parameters of population dynamics, and most importantly that maternal and environmental conditions can facilitate colonization and exploitation of a novel host in the polyphagous T. urticae, by affecting dispersal behavior (host acceptance) and female fecundity.