bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suitability, efficiency and microbiological safety of novel physical technologies for the processing of ready‐to‐eat meals, meats and pumpable products
Authors: Stratakos Alexandros Ch. , Koidis Anastasios 
Published: March 2015

SummaryConsumer studies and market reports show an increase in consumption of ready‐to‐eat (RTE) foods. Although conventional processing technologies can in most cases produce safe products, they can also lead to the degradation of nutritional compounds and negatively affect quality characteristics. Consumers strongly prefer food that is minimally processed with the maximum amount of health‐promoting substances. Novel processing technologies as pre‐ or post‐treatment decontamination methods or as substitutes of conventional technologies have the potential to produce foods that are safe, rich in nutrient content and with superior organoleptic properties. Combining novel with conventional processes can eliminate potential drawbacks of novel technologies. This review examines available scientific information and critically evaluates the suitability and efficiency of various novel thermal and nonthermal technologies in terms of microbial safety, quality as well as nutrient content on the production ofRTEmeals, meats and pumpable products.
Full complexity analysis of the diameter‐constrained reliability
Authors: Canale Eduardo , Cancela Héctor , Robledo Franco , Romero Pablo , Sartor Pablo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractLet be a simple graph with nodes and links, a subset of “terminals,” a vector , and a positive integer d, called “diameter.” We assume that nodes are perfect but links fail stochastically and independently, with probabilities . The “diameter‐constrained reliability” (DCR) is the probability that the terminals of the resulting subgraph remain connected by paths composed of d links, or less. This number is denoted by . The general DCR computation belongs to the class of ‐hard problems, since it subsumes the problem of computing the probability that a random graph is connected. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First, a full analysis of the computational complexity of DCR subproblems is presented in terms of the number of terminal nodes and the diameter d. Second, we extend the class of graphs that accept efficient DCR computation. In this class, we include graphs with bounded co‐rank, graphs with bounded genus, planar graphs, and, in particular, Monma graphs, which are relevant to robust network design.
Supply chain pricing and coordination with markdown strategy in the presence of conspicuous consumers
Authors: Xue Musen , Tang Wansheng , Zhang Jianxiong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper studies the problem of supply chain pricing and coordination with markdown policy in the presence of conspicuous consumption. A two‐period pricing model is proposed to investigate the effect of conspicuous consumption on pricing decisions with markdown pricing policy for a supply chain that consists of a manufacturer and retailer. The optimal pricing strategies for the integrated supply chain and decentralized supply chain are derived respectively. Our results show that an anticipated conspicuous consumption can benefit the supply chain even though the conspicuous consumption aggravates the double marginalization effect. The conspicuous consumption can serve as a level to segment the market and can promote the supply chain revenue. In addition, our results indicate that the supply chain can benefit from rationing. We also introduce a revenue‐sharing contract and prove that it can be applied to coordinate the supply chain with conspicuous consumption. An interval of the revenue‐sharing rate for coordinating with the supply chain can be coordinated without any additional transfer payment being provided.
Analytics and the art of modeling
Authors: Barceló Jaume 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper could have been subtitled “Was Johannes Kepler a precursor of analytics?” Models constitute a key tool for achieving a deep understanding of how complex systems behave, and they have been central to building the body of knowledge that we understand as “science.” Since its origins, operations research has claimed to be a scientific discipline and, as such, it is rooted in the model‐building process. Epistemologically, it is a process that is schematically represented by the methodological chain: facts→laws→theories. One well‐known example of the paradigm of modern science is Kepler's quest to interpret Brahe's astronomical observations in terms of a model, which resulted in his laws of planetary motion. Since then, we have learned that reality is more complex than we thought, and that it is uncertain and dynamic in both probabilistic and chaotic terms. Technological evolution currently provides us with quality data in unprecedented amounts, and this has forced us to develop appropriate methods for dealing with them. However, this only means that the methodological chain for discovering knowledge is now richer with respect to our capabilities of analyzing the facts, and therefore the door is now open to greater possibilities of finding laws and formulating explanatory theories. The search for Higgs boson, frequently presented as an archetype of analytics process, is essentially supported by the same epistemological principles as Kepler's work. This paper is devoted to making some remarks on these similarities and, in doing so, will highlight the relationships between the model‐building processes and the set of techniques under the umbrella of analytics. The above‐mentioned comments took place within the framework of the theme of the IFORS 2014 conference: The Art of Modeling. Relationships are illustrated in a typical, contemporary case, the time‐dependent analysis of mobility patterns in urban areas exploiting information and communications technologies, in which pervasive sensoring makes massive amounts of data available.
Cone‐beam computed tomography evaluation of the soft tissue thickness and greater palatine foramen location in the palate
Authors: Yilmaz Hasan Guney , Boke Fatma , Ayali Aysa 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the palatal mucosa thickness and greater palatine foramen location using cone‐beam computerized tomography (CBCT).Materials and MethodsCone‐beam computerized tomography images of 345 patients were measured. The relationship between palate vault depth and angle between the alveolar bone and palatal plane (PA) was evaluated. Differences in the palatal mucosal thickness according to age, gender and tooth site were evaluated.ResultsThe mean palatal mucosal thickness from the second molar to the canine teeth were 3.7, 3.3, 3.7, 3 and 3 mm, respectively. The palatal mucosal thickness at the second molar and second premolar was statistically different from those at other zones. There was no correlation between the palatal junction angle and the palatal depth. Greater palatine foramen was observed at the level of third molar tooth, between third and second molar, second molar 63%, 31% and 6% in men and 56%, 36% and 8% in women respectively.ConclusionsThe second premolar to second molar zone was considered a suitable graft site based on the mean palatal mucosal thickness.
Effects of Blueberry, Grape Seed Powder and Poppy Seed Incorporation on Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Biscuit
Authors: Aksoylu Zeynep , Çağindi Özlem , Köse Ergun 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBlueberry, defatted grape seed powder and defatted poppy seeds were incorporated into biscuits at a level of 5%. Some physicochemical and sensory characteristics were evaluated during 5 months storage period. Diameter, a* (−a = greenness, +a = redness) values, ash, fat, crude fiber, Mg and Ca contents increased, while L* (lightness), b* (−b = blueness, +b = yellowness) values decreased significantly (P < 0.05). A significant type of fortification agent × storage time interaction (P < 0.05) existed for all physicochemical parameters analyzed. Defatted poppy seed was the most effective agent for preventing increased peroxide values, whereas defatted grape seed powder addition decreased free fatty acid formation better than blueberry and defatted poppy seeds. All fortification agents increased the total phenolic content of biscuits. Biscuits having 5% blueberry exhibited a high percentage of antioxidant activity. Sensory evaluation results revealed that fortificated biscuits cannot be consumed after 5 months.Practical ApplicationsAs the relationship between nutrition and some chronic diseases have been established, the number of research and development studies focusing on functional foods has increased rapidly. Antioxidants became popular because of their positive effects on human health. Grape seed, a by‐product of the grape‐processing industry, is known as a strong free radical scavenger. Poppy seeds are generally used for their high oil content. Tocopherols found in poppy seeds have strong antioxidative properties. Blueberries, rich in anthocyanins, are widely consumed in different countries. These three botanical ingredients can be used as inexpensive antioxidant sources in snack foods such as biscuits and cookies.
Nursing psychotherapeutic interventions: a review of clinical studies
Authors: Sampaio Francisco Miguel Correia , Sequeira Carlos Alberto da Cruz , Lluch Canut María Teresa 
Published: March 2015

Aims and objectivesTo summarise current knowledge about nursing psychotherapeutic interventions in adults.BackgroundIn Portugal, the provision of psychotherapeutic interventions is considered a competence of mental health nurses. However, literature is not totally clear about the differences between ‘psychotherapy’ and ‘psychotherapeutic interventions’ and about the specific characteristics that define a nursing psychotherapeutic intervention.DesignNarrative review.MethodsA literature review utilising MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, the Web of Science, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and MedicLatina computerised databases for the period from 2003–2013. A total of 151 eligible articles were identified. Relevant data were extracted, and findings were synthetised in a narrative synthesis.ResultsNursing psychotherapeutic interventions are frequently based on ‘Cognitive‐Behavioural’ rationale. The usual length of these interventions varies between 5–16 weeks, in a total of 5–12 sessions of 45–60 minutes. The mechanisms of change are heterogeneous, but the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and the client seems to be the most important positive predictive factor of nursing psychotherapeutic interventions. Some of the most used outcome assessment measures include the Beck Depression Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the CORE‐OM. The effectiveness of nursing psychotherapeutic interventions has been widely demonstrated in many studies. However, the need of further studies to prove its cost effectiveness is evident.ConclusionsIt is necessary to have a better understanding of nursing psychotherapeutic interventions, one that explains its conceptual limits, to improve mental health nursing knowledge and create suitable models of psychotherapeutic intervention in nursing.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings of this review can create awareness for some weaknesses of nursing knowledge about the psychotherapeutic intervention and for the need to produce knowledge, to nurture the nursing discipline in the area of psychotherapeutic intervention with even more theoretical and practical support.
Correlation between salivary and serum oxidized LDL levels: a pilot study on overweight/obese subjects
Authors: De Giuseppe R. , Cossellu G. , Vigna L. , Dicorato F. , De Vita C. , Venturelli G. , Bamonti F. , Maiavacca R. , Farronato G. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundSaliva contains a variety of substances and could be functionally equivalent to serum in reflecting the physiological state of the body, including metabolic variations. Salivary samples are non‐invasive, safe, and easier to handle than serum. Oxidized LDL cholesterol (oxLDL) is an additional cardiovascular risk factor playing an important role in atheromatous plaque formation; overweight/obese subjects present an increase in oxLDL concentrations. The aims of the study were to assess oxLDL salivary levels, if detectable, and to verify their possible correlation with serum in overweight/obese subjects.MethodsThirty‐five consecutive overweight/obese subjects and 10 normal weight controls were enrolled. Serum and salivary oxLDL levels were measured by a commercial enzyme‐linked‐immunosorbent assay (ELISA method).ResultsoxLDL levels were detectable in salivary samples and correlated (P = 0.001) with serum levels. Overweight/obese subjects showed serum and salivary oxLDL levels higher than controls (P = 0.000 and P = 0.022, respectively).ConclusionsOur study showed the presence of oxLDL in salivary samples and highlighted a correlation between salivary oxLDL levels and their counterpart in serum. Moreover, salivary oxLDL levels were higher in overweight/obese subjects than in controls. Therefore, a salivary sample could be functionally equivalent to serum in monitoring cardiovascular risk in overweight/obese subjects.
Effects of balloon inflation and cough trick methods on easing pain in children during the drawing of venous blood samples: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mutlu Birsen , Balcı Serap 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPurposeThe purpose was to determine the effects of the balloon inflation and cough trick methods on easing pain in children during the drawing of venous blood samples.Design and MethodsIn this prospective randomized controlled study, 9‐ to 12‐year‐old children in the intervention groups were asked to cough or inflate balloons during the venipuncture procedure. The Faces Pain Scale‐Revised was used to assess pain intensity.ResultsPain intensity significantly differed between the control (n = 44) and intervention groups (balloon inflation [n = 44] and cough trick [n = 44], p < .001).Practice ImplicationsCoughing and inflating balloons during venipuncture do not require preparation and are time saving, easy, accessible, and effective in reducing pain.
Risk Factors for the Development of Hypokalemia in Neonatal Diarrheic Calves
Authors: Trefz F.M. , Lorch A. , Zitzl J. , Kutschke A. , Knubben‐Schweizer G. , Lorenz I. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundNeonatal diarrheic calves have a clear negative potassium balance because of intestinal losses and decreased milk intake but in the presence of acidemia, they usually show normokalemic or hyperkalemic plasma concentrations.ObjectivesTo assess whether marked hypokalemia occurs in response to the correction of acidemia and dehydration and to identify factors that are associated with this condition.AnimalsEighty‐three calves with a clinical diagnosis of neonatal diarrhea.MethodsProspective cohort study. Calves were treated according to a clinical protocol using an oral electrolyte solution and commercially available packages of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate, 0.9% saline and 40% dextrose infusion solutions.ResultsThe proportion of hypokalemic calves after 24 hours of treatment (19.3%) was twice as great as it was on admission to the hospital. Plasma K+after 24 hours of treatment was not significantly correlated to venous bloodpHvalues at the same time but positively correlated to venous bloodpHvalues on admission (r = 0.51,P < .001). Base excess on admission (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70–0.94), duration of diarrhea (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.05–1.80), milk intake during hospitalization (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.37–0.79) and plasma sodium concentrations after 24 hours (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01–1.25) were identified to be independently associated (P < .05) with a hypokalemic state after 24 hours of treatment.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFindings of this study suggest that marked depletion of body potassium stores is evident in diarrheic calves that suffered from marked metabolic acidosis, have a low milk intake and a long history of diarrhea.
Clinical Severity Score System in Dogs with Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: López‐Alvarez J. , Elliott J. , Pfeiffer D. , Chang Y.‐M. , Mattin M. , Moonarmart W. , Hezzell M.J. , Boswood A. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundSeveral risk factors already have been determined for dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). Risk factors often have been considered in isolation and have not always taken into account additional information provided by the history and physical examination (PE).Hypothesis/ObjectivesData obtained from history and PE of dogs with DMVD provide prognostic information and can be used for risk stratification.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs (n = 244) with DMVD recruited from first opinion practice.MethodsProspective longitudinal follow‐up of dogs with DMVD. History and PE data were obtained at 6‐month intervals and analyzed with time‐dependent Cox models to derive relative risk of cardiac death. Independent hazard ratios were used to derive a clinical severity score (CSS), the prognostic value of which was evaluated by analyzing the median survival times for different risk groups and ROC analysis. Analysis of the progression of CSS over time also was undertaken.ResultsHistory of cough, exercise intolerance, decreased appetite, breathlessness (difficulty breathing) and syncope with PE findings of heart murmur intensity louder than III/VI and absence of respiratory sinus arrhythmia were independently associated with outcome and allowed development of the CSS. Clinical severity score distinguished groups of dogs with significantly different outcomes.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRoutinely obtained clinical findings allow risk stratification of dogs with DMVD. Results of ancillary diagnostic tests may be complementary to history and PE findings and always should be interpreted in conjunction with these findings.
Experimental Transmission ofCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisBiovarequiin Horses by House Flies
Authors: Barba M. , Stewart A.J. , Passler T. , Wooldridge A.A. , van Santen E. , Chamorro M.F. , Cattley R.C. , Hathcock T. , Hogsette J.A. , Hu X.P. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundThe route ofCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisinfection in horses remains undetermined, but transmission by insects is suspected.ObjectivesTo investigate house flies (Musca domesticaL.) as vectors ofC. pseudotuberculosistransmission in horses.AnimalsEight healthy, adult ponies.MethodsRandomized, controlled, blinded prospective study. Ten wounds were created in the pectoral region where cages for flies were attached. Three ponies were directly inoculated withC. pseudotuberculosis. Four ponies were exposed for 24 hours to 20 hoursC. pseudotuberculosis‐inoculated flies. One negative control pony was exposed to noninoculated flies. Ponies were examined daily for swelling, heat, pain, and drainage at the inoculation site. Blood was collected weekly forCBCand biochemical analysis, and twice weekly for synergistic hemolysis inhibition titers.ResultsClinical signs of local infection and positive cultures were observed in 7/7 exposed ponies and were absent in the negative control. In exposed ponies, peak serologic titers (1 : 512 to 1 : 2,048) were obtained between days 17 and 21. Seroconversion was not observed in the negative control. Neutrophil counts were higher in the positive and fly‐exposed groups than in the negative control (P = .002 andP = .005) on day 3 postinoculation. Serum amyloid A concentrations were higher in the positive control than in the negative control and fly‐exposed ponies on days 3 (P < .0001) and 7 (P = .0004 andP = .0001). No differences were detected for other biochemical variables.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceHouse flies can serve as mechanical vectors ofC. pseudotuberculosisand can transmit the bacterium to ponies.
Plasma Vitamin D Metabolites and C‐Reactive Protein in Stage‐Stop Racing Endurance Sled Dogs
Authors: Spoo J.W. , Downey R.L. , Griffitts C. , Horst R.J. , Levine C.B. , Childs R.M. , Wakshlag J.J. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundDogs are a unique model for examining the effects of exercise on vitamin D status because of their lack of vitamin D synthesis byUVexposure. In addition, the inflammatory response may be associated with hypovitaminosis D.ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of several days of endurance exercise on plasma vitamin D (25‐(OH)D3, 24,25‐(OH)D3and 1,25(OH)D3) and serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentrations in stage‐stop racing sled dogs.Animals12 racing sled dogs and 8 control dogs.MethodsBlood was collected before the race and immediately after racing on days 2 and 8. Plasma vitamin D metabolites and serumCRPconcentrations were measured.ResultsRacing dogs showed a significant increase in 25(OH)D3on day 2 (P = .027) and day 8 of the race (P < .001), whereas no increases were observed in control dogs. The plasma concentration of 24,25(OH)D3showed a significant increase by day 8 (P < .001). There were no significant changes in 1,25(OH) D3concentrations across all time points and groups. Racing dogs had significantly increasedCRPconcentrations by day 2 (39.3 ± 30.1 μg/mL;P < .001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIncreases in vitamin D metabolites as well as increases inCRPconcentrations were observed in racing sled dogs. This finding was contrary to the hypothesis that decreases in vitamin D status in athletes may be related to the acute phase inflammatory response during exercise. In addition, the increased 24,25(OH)D3concentrations compared to what is observed in other species suggests metabolic variations in dogs that lead to enhanced disposal of vitamin D.
Mannheimia haemolytica in Feedlot Cattle: Prevalence of Recovery and Associations with Antimicrobial Use, Resistance, and Health Outcomes
Authors: Noyes N.R. , Benedict K.M. , Gow S.P. , Booker C.W. , Hannon S.J. , McAllister T.A. , Morley P.S. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundMannheimia haemolytica is an important etiological agent in bovine respiratory disease.ObjectivesExplore risk factors for recovery of susceptible and resistant M. haemolytica in feedlot cattle and explore associations with health outcomes.AnimalsCattle (n = 5,498) from 4 feedlots sampled at arrival and later in feeding period.MethodsSusceptibility of M. haemolytica isolates tested for 21 antimicrobials. Records of antimicrobial use and health events analyzed using multivariable regression.ResultsM. haemolytica recovered from 29% of cattle (1,596/5,498), 13.1% at arrival (95% CI, 12.3–14.1%), and 19.8% at second sampling (95% CI, 18.7–20.9%). Nearly half of study cattle received antimicrobial drugs (AMDs) parenterally, mostly as metaphylactic treatment at arrival. Individual parenteral AMD exposures were associated with decreased recovery of M. haemolytica (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.02–1.2), whereas exposure in penmates was associated with increased recovery (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.05–2.2). Most isolates were pan‐susceptible (87.8%; 95% CI, 87.0–89.4%). AMD exposures were not associated with resistance to any single drug. Multiply‐resistant isolates were rare (5.9%; 95% CI, 5.1–6.9%), but AMD exposures in pen mates were associated with increased odds of recovering multiply‐resistant M. haemolytica (OR, 23.9; 95% CI, 8.4–68.3). Cattle positive for M. haemolytica on arrival were more likely to become ill within 10 days (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1–2.4).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceResistance generally was rare in M. haemolytica. Antimicrobial drug exposures in penmates increased the risk of isolating susceptible and multiply‐resistant M. haemolytica, a finding that could be explained by contagious spread.