bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Performance of Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)/ Endoscopic Ultrasound – Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA) Cytology in Solid and Cystic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
Authors: Mitra Vikramjit , Nayar Manu K. , Leeds John S. , Wadehra Viney , Haugk Beate , Scott John , Charnley Richard M. , Oppong Kofi W. 
Published: March 2015

Background & Aims: Our study aimed to assess the sensitivity of EUS and EUS-FNA for pancreatic neuro-endocrine tumors (pNETs) and compare performance over two consecutive 4 year 2 month periods, to investigate the comparative performance between solid and cystic pNETs and determine the incremental yield of EUS±FNA in individuals with a mass not diagnosed as a pNET after cross-sectional imaging.Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was carried out to identify all pNET patients who underwent EUS-FNA between April 2003 and September 2011.Results: A final diagnosis of solid and cystic pNETs was made in 43 and 10 patients, respectively. Overall, the yield of combined EUS imaging and cytology was significantly higher than that of CT and/or MRI (p< 0.05) across all groups [solid (83.7% vs. 41.8%), cystic (70% vs. 10%) and combined solid-cystic (81.1% vs. 35.8%)]. The yield of combined EUS imaging and cytology was significantly better than EUS imaging alone (p<0.05) in the solid (83.7% vs. 58%) and combined pNET cohort (81.1% vs. 52.8%) of patients. After a non-diagnostic CT and or MRI, EUS/EUS-FNA confirmed pNET in 19 out of 25 patients (76.0%) with solid pNETs and 6 out of 9 patients (66.7%) with cystic pNETs.Conclusion: EUS and EUS-FNA had a significant clinical impact in the 25/34 of cases where pNET was not suspected after initial cross-sectional imaging.
Aplicación de la técnica de encapsulación – deshidratación para la crioconservación de semillas y protocormos de Oncidium stenotis (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Roura Alberto , Proaño Karina , Jadán Mónica 
Published: March 2015

El presente trabajo pretende desarrollar un sistema que posibilite la crioconservación de semillas y protocormos de Oncidium stenotis en nitrógeno líquido (-196 oC), con el uso de la técnica de Encapsulación-Deshidratación. La primera fase del proyecto consistió en tomar dos fracciones de las semillas, una de ellas fue puesta a germinar en medio Knudson liquido adicionado: ácido α-naftalén acético y ácido giberélico y la segunda fracción en medio Knudson sólido (7 gL-1 de agar) enriquecidos con: benziladenina, ácido indolacético, ácido α-naftalén acético y ácido giberélico. Ambas fracciones se incubaron a 23 ± 2 oC y con un fotoperíodo de 12 horas luz. La adición de diferentes concentraciones de reguladores de crecimiento en ambas fracciones se la realizó con el fin de acelerar el proceso de germinación. La fase que se realizará posteriormente es encapsular las semillas y protocormos en alginato de sodio al 3%, las cápsulas posteriormente serán deshidratadas en concentraciones crecientes de sacarosa 0.15 M (24 h), 0.25 M (24 h) y 0.5 M (24 h) para luego ser colocadas en sílica gel por 5 horas. La crioconservación se efectuará por inmersión directa en nitrógeno líquido durante una hora. El descongelamiento se realizará a baño maría (37 oC) por un minuto, luego las cápsulas que contengan semillas se sembrarán directamente y los protocormos se recultivarán sin las cápsulas en medio Knudson sólido, con la adición de diferentes concentraciones de Benziladenina e Ácido Indolbutírico, para buscar el medio adecuado de resuperación post- congelamiento.
Sistemática para seleção de um portfólio de estratégias de postergação para cadeias suprimentos
Authors: Simão Luiz Eduardo , Gonçalves Mirian Buss 
Published: March 2015

A estagnação da economia tem aumentado à competição e a incerteza no setor industrial. Tendencias como o aumento na proliferação da variedade de produtos e a exigencia por customização de produtos tem contribuído para dificultar a previsão da demanda, devido ao aumento da incerteza da demanda dos produtos finais. Nesse novo contexto competitivo, não é possível mais empregar o processo da cadeia suprimentos tradicional “um formato atende a todos” (“one-size-fits-all”) com políticas únicas para todos os produtos porque esta prática pode levar a perdas de rentabilidade significativas, devido ao aumento nos niveis de estoque e vendas perdidas. No entanto, a pesquisa em cadeias de suprimentos tem dado relativamente pouca atenção para a necessidade de empregar diferentes estratégias de cadeia de suprimentos de forma segmentada bem como desenvolver e gerenciar essas múltiplas estratégias de cadeias de suprimentos de forma simultanea. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma abordagem para seleção de um portfólio de estratégias de postergação baseado na para segmentação da cadeia de suprimentos baseada na análise do perfil da demanda (análise volume-variedade) e uma ferramenta para auxiliar na seleção de estratégias de postergação impulsionado pelo segmento de clientes-produtos e de suas respectivas proposições de valor.Palavras-chave: Cadeia de Suprimentos. Segmentação. Postergação. Portfólio.
Estratégia de gestão de plataformas em serviços: caso de uma empresa de design de ambientes
Authors: De Melo Filho Leonel Del Rey , Coelho Mariana Freitas , Gonçalves Carlos Alberto , Gosling Marlusa 
Published: March 2015

A gestão de plataformas é uma ferramenta estratégica para empresas de vários portes, mas carecede estudos no setor de serviços. O objetivo desse artigo é investigar uma utilização da gestão deplataforma, desenhada para alcançar flexibilidade modular e dinâmica operacional em projetos deserviços. A plataforma estudada é avaliada como um recurso estratégico de um caso particular. Foramanalisadas as contribuições desse recurso na perspectiva da teoria da Visão Baseada em Recursos(VBR) e de Marketing de Serviços (MS) com o propósito de analisar seus efeitos no desempenhoda empresa. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada foi o estudo de caso exploratório em uma empresade design de ambientes físicos. A técnica de coleta de dados abrangeu uma observação participante,análise de documentos e grupo focal com as gestoras da empresa. A pesquisa mostrou que a gestãoda plataforma constitui um recurso estratégico que auxilia o planejamento das capacidades operacionaisinternas, posicionamento no mercado e melhor atendimento ao cliente.Visão Baseada em Recursos.Palavras-chave: Empresa de Serviços. Gestão de Plataformas. Marketing de Serviços.
Associations Among Oral Hygiene Behavior and Hypertension Prevalence and Control: The 2008 to 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Choi Hye Min , Han Kyungdo , Park Yong‐Gyu , Park Jun‐Beom 
Published: March 2015

Background: Recently, a positive association has been reported between hypertension and periodontitis. The authors hypothesized that oral hygiene promotion activities could have an effect on hypertension prevention or the degree of hypertension control. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between oral hygiene behaviors and hypertension using data from a nationally representative survey, the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).Methods: Using data from the KNHANES (2008 to 2010), 19,560 adults with complete data sets were included. The authors analyzed the relationship of the prevalence and control rate of hypertension and numerous variables, including oral hygiene behavior.Results: As the frequency of toothbrushing increased, the prevalence of hypertension decreased in multivariate analysis after adjusting for various factors, including the presence of periodontitis. In a subgroup analysis, this relationship was also observed in individuals without periodontitis. In particular, systolic blood pressure levels progressively decreased as the frequency of toothbrushing and the number of secondary oral products used increased. The adjusted odds ratio of hypertension prevalence was 1.195 (95% confidence interval 1.033 to 1.383) for individuals who brushed their teeth hardly ever or once daily compared with those who brushed after every meal.Conclusions: Individuals with poor oral hygiene behavior are more likely to have a higher prevalence of hypertension, even before periodontitis is shown. Oral hygiene behavior may be considered an independent risk indicator for hypertension, and maintaining good oral hygiene may help to prevent and control hypertension.
Evaluation of Agronomic and Sensory Attributes of Quality Protein Maize for Acceptability in South-Western Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Bosede Olukemi , Titilola Ayoola Olukemi , Bosede Fasoyiro Subuola 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) (QPM) varieties have been developed by scientists at the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training in Nigeria. For these varieties to have significant impact, they must possess traits acceptable to farmers. A study was carried out to evaluate the agronomic and sensory traits of two Quality Protein Maize - ART-98-SW-6-OB (QPM1) and ILE-1-OB (QPM2), in comparison with ART-96-SW-1 (High Protein Maize) and SUWAN-1-SR (a popularly grown improved variety) in three maize growing communities of South West, Nigeria. Sixty (60) farmers comprising males and females were evaluated for six sensory parameters. The parameters tested were appearance, colour, flavour, texture, taste and overall acceptability. The results of the agronomic evaluation showed that there were no significant differences in the height of QPM varieties and HPM at harvest. QPM varieties gave the highest grain yield of 2.38t/ha for ART-98-SW-6OB and 2.36t/ha for ILE-1-OB. Sensory evaluation showed that when the maize varieties were processed into corn-soy milk, QPM corn-soy milk had the highest sensory scores for all sensory parameters tested. Quality Protein Maize varieties had high grain yield and were most preferred for maize pudding and corn - soy milk. The QPM varieties, if formulated into foods for household or commercial purposes, should have good chance of being accepted by farmers with continuous promotional campaigns.
Vortex Rings - Experiments and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Damian Iulia - Rodica , Tănase Nicoleta Octavia , Simionescu Ștefan - Mugur , Mihăilescu Mona 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The present paper was concerned with the experimental study of the time evolution of a single laminar vortex ring generated at the interface between water and isopropyl alcohol. The experiment was performed by the submerged injection of isopropyl alcohol in a water tank of 100×100×150 mm. A constant rate of Q0 = 2 ml/min was maintained using a PHD Ultra 4400 Syringe Pump with a needle having the inner diameter D0 = 0.4 mm. The dynamics of the vortex formation was recorded with a Photron Fastcam SA1 camera at 1000 fps equipped with an Edmund Optics objective VZM1000i. The numerical simulations were performed on a 2D geometry using the ANSYS-FLUENT code with the Volume of Fluid multiphase model and the viscous-laminar solver. The numerical flow patterns were found to be in good agreement with the experimental visualizations
Institutionalizing Local Government as an Instrument of Democratic Consolidation: The Cases of Bulgaria and Paraguay
Authors: Katsamunska Polya , Rosenbaum Allan 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Multi-level governance is widely used throughout the world, especially in more economically developed countries. In part, this is due to the presumed benefits of decentralization in terms of public-service delivery, and in part, it is due to a desire to disperse political power and governmental authority. Thus, 25 years ago, when major governmental reform initiatives were begun in many countries around the world, especially in Central and Eastern Europe and Latin America, much attention was devoted to establishing and / or strengthening local governments. This was the case in Bulgaria and Paraguay, two countries from different parts of the world, but similar in size, economic development and a history of highly centralized and authoritarian regimes. The purpose of this paper is to examine and better understand the processes of decentralization as they took place in those two countries and those factors which facilitated and / or hindered efforts to initiate effective local government.
Better Local Governance by Integrative Reorganization of State Administration and Self- Government (in Slovenia)
Authors: Kovač Polonca 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Rationalization and democratization of public governance and administrative organization are processes affecting all countries. The article critically evaluates the reorganization of local administration in Slovenia, aimed at increasing its effectiveness through integrative approaches at the state and local-self-government levels. Local self-government in Slovenia comprises 212 municipalities combined into 58 local state (general territorial) administrative units. Such organization is rather fragmented and weak despite several reorganization attempts since the mid-2000s. The recently planned reform for 2014 - 2015 tries to overcome the drawbacks typical of Slovenia, such as the two-tier public administration established in 1995 and the resulting economic local non-efficiency. The analysis of the Slovenian institutional landscape in local public administration can serve as a lesson since the strategic reorganization of political and administrative societal elements should - in addition to the search for local democracy - encompass administrative integration toward citizens, businesses and civil society to eventually achieve good local governance.
Postoperative Phrenic Nerve Palsy, A Cause Of Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation In Trans-Sternal Thymectomy
Authors: Sharma Mona 
Published: March 2015

Post trans-sternal thymectomy, the patient may develop respiratory failure, usually due to myasthenic crisis or cholinergic crisis. These crises may prolong mechanical ventilation and impede on-table extubation. We report a case of respiratory failure due to unilateral phrenic nerve palsy in a case of myasthenia gravis. A 35 year old female, known case of myasthenia gravis was posted for trans-sternal thymectomy. Anaesthesia was induced with Propofol, Fentanyl and low dose of Atracurium. Thymoma was incasing right subclavian vein and was adherent with the pericardium, Masaoka Grade III. Blood loss was approximately 200ml. Immediate post operative period showed low tidal volume, tachypnea and tachycardia in spite of train of four ratio >0.9. Patient was kept intubated with suspicion of myasthenic crisis and the dose of Pyridostigmine was increased, but this lead to increased cholinergic symptoms. Pain was addressed with thoracic epidural analgesia. Chest radiograph done later in the evening showed elevated right hemi diaphragm, thereby, confirming the diagnosis of phrenic nerve palsy. Difficult dissection in this case has resulted in right phrenic nerve palsy. Phrenic nerve palsy has to be considered as a cause of respiratory failure post sternotomy thymectomy, especially in case of Masaoka grade III and IV.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v3i3.12249Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 3, No. 3, Issue 9, Jul.-Sep., 2014, Page: 122-125
Le poids de la menace. L'évaluation quotidienne du risque d'expulsion par les étrangers en situation irrégulière
Authors: Le Courant Stefan 
Published: March 2015

La vie des étrangers en situation irrégulière est marquée par l’insécurité inhérente à leur situation administrative. Au quotidien, les risques divers – de l’arrestation à l’expulsion – doivent être évalués au mieux pour s’en prémunir. À travers l’expérience d’un dépôt de dossier de régularisation à la préfecture, cet article montre les difficultés à évaluer le risque dans un environnement où tout peut devenir menaçant.
Psychosocial concerns among patients with diabetes attending the preanesthetic and pain clinic
Authors: Bajwa Sukhminder , Saroha Richa , Bajwa Sukhwinder 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDiabetes is a global health problem that is expected to affect double the population by next decade as compared to those affected at present. In spite of the improved, efficacious and newer modalities available to achieve adequate control of the disease, psychosocial issues like depression and anxiety, which may present in the preanesthetic/pain clinics with varied symptomatology and commonly affects these patients, are often overlooked. The impact of these issues is enormous and usually understated because of the fact that health care providers are not aware of these issues and its effect on the overall management of diabetes. Therefore, it is important to recognize and address these issues for the optimal management of the disease. Of equal importance is the development of educational teaching modules for self-care management while imparting training to health care providers at the same time to recognize the susceptible individuals at the earliest. The need for having multi-disciplinary approach and implementation of the same in the day to day practice cannot be overemphasized.
Neurometric evaluations on the brain of the opossum (didelphys marsupialis cancrivora (linnaeus 1758) - a case for cognitive skill -brain development capacity
Authors: Samuel O. , Olopade J. , Onwuka S. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction: The Opossum is a marsupial related wild life species belonging to the order Didelphimorphia. They inhabit the swampy forest zones in Nigeria but could inhabit drier regions. Some are arboreal and digitigrades, characterized by long bare tails and opposable thumbs modified for climbing and grasping respectively, they are known to be deficient in comparative sociality, peculiar brain morphology and a short life span. Our aim was to correlate through macro-neuromorphometry as well evaluate for the influence of head and brain weight, sex, adaptation, and behavioral ecology on the brain dimensions in comparison with other marsupials. Method: This study utilized thirteen animals (didelphys marsupialis cancrivota) consisting of four (6) males and seven (7) females and employing statistical methods in making inferences among the categories. Results: The mean overall head weight was 256.17 ±54.11g, 250.60± 51.62g for females and 269.16 ±139.22g for males, the whole brain weight was 30.43 ±10.19g. The brain /head weight ratio was 0.05± 0.02 while the maximum cerebral diameter, length and height were 46.97 ±13.84mm, 48.01±19.72mm and 30.48 ±2.90mm. cerebellar weight was 1.81 ±1.09g, and the cerebellar height and width were 2.39 ± 0.38mm and 2.44 ± 1.59mm respectively, cerebrum/ whole brain length index was 0.86± 0.04mm while mean endo-cranial volume was 19.75 ±30.11mls.The sexually dimorphic variables include whole brain length (59.87± 9.56mm and 57.12± 12.01mm), cerebral length (49.93± 10.17mm and 41.12± 15.57mm) and cerebral diameter (35.91± 13.55mm and 43.54± 29.96mm) for females and males respectively, suggesting better encephalization in females of this species compared to the males. Also, dimorphic parameters function for purposes such as predatory instincts, nursing of the young, spatial orientation, migrations and ecologic adaptations. Conclusion: In addition, this investigation suggests the enhanced possibility of cerebro-vascular accident in this species partly due to the cerebral length and height ratio in relation to the endo-cranial volume and shape in the likelihood of shorter lifespan in the males.
The structure, morphometry and vascular perfusion of the testis in the rufous sengi (Elephantulus rufescens)
Authors: Kisipan M. , Oduor-Okelo D. , Makanya A. , Onyango D. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction and Materials and Methods: Sengis are testicondid, monogamous afrotherian mammals. The testes, pattern of testicular blood vessels and anatomical disposition of caudal vena cava were examined macroscopically in the rufous sengi (Elephantulus rufescens). Testicular structure was further studied microscopically and its components quantified using stereology. Results: The testes were cylindrical in shape and located caudolateral to the kidneys. The testicular arteries branched from renal arteries, ran to the respective testicles without close association with other vessels, while the veins ran straight to the caudal vena cava without pampiniform plexus or intimate association with cognate arteries. There were two caudal vena cavae that united after receiving the renal veins. The seminiferous tubules were bound by a peritubular boundary tissue with a single layer of myoid cells while the interstitial tissue had polyhedral or elongate Leydig cells and connective tissue elements. The testicular volume was estimated at 0.089 ± 0.0031 cm3 with the seminiferous tubules (mean diameter = 210 ± 5.7 μm) constituting 89.4 ± 0.8% of its volume and tubulosomatic index of 0.38%. The interstitial tissue and tunica albuginea constituted 8.9 ± 0.81% and 1.7 ± 0.1% of the testis volume respectively. Conclusion: The testis exhibited general mammalian features while its vascular pattern was simple without indications of a role in testicular thermoregulation as is the case for other afrotherians. The investment of body mass in seminiferous tubules suggests a spermatogenic activity higher than expected in monogamous animals. The double caudal vena cava could be a result of retention of the left supracardinal vein to adulthood.
Azathioprine and Methotrexate impaired the morphology and functions of the testes in adult wistar rats
Authors: Akinlolu A. , Akinola O. , Khobe P. , Obasi K. , Dada O. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction: AAzathioprine and Methotrexate are both used in the treatment of cancer; and are classified as cytotoxic drugs with reported adverse effects such as oxidative damage to the DNA/RNA, the testes and sperm cells. This study, therefore, tested the hypothesis that AAzathioprine and Methotrexate administrations impair the morphology and functions of the testes in adult male wistar rats. Methods: AAzathioprine (50-150mg per day) and Methotrexate (2.5mg per week) are used in the treatment of cancer in adult Man. We tested the hypothesis that AAzathioprine and Methotrexate impair the morphology and functions of testes in rats. Forty adult male wistar rats (150-230g) were employed in the study: Control Group I received physiological saline while Experimental Groups II - V received oral administrations of 5mg/kg/bodyweight of AAzathioprine per day, 15mg/kg/bodyweight of AAzathioprine per day, 8mg/kg/bodyweight of Methotrexate per week and 20mg/kg/bodyweight of Methotrexate per week respectively for 35 days. Results: Histological examinations of the testes of rats of Groups II - V showed dose-dependent morphological anomalies such as fewer collagen ibers of connective tissues, disrupted seminiferous tubules and scanty spermatozoa when compared to rats of Group I. Statistical analyses showed dose-dependent elevated levels (P≤0.05) of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in testes homogenates of rats of Groups II - V when compared to rats of Group I. This implied increased oxidative stress in rats of Groups II - V. Evaluations of Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Testosterone showed dose-dependent significantly elevated levels (P≤0.05) in rats of Groups II - V when compared to rats of Group I. Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the stated hypothesis.
A rare branching pattern of ulnar nerve in the lower arm
Authors: Oyedun O. , Onatola O. , Kanu C. , Zelibe O. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction: The ulnar nerve is one of the two terminal branches of the medial cord. It passes down the medial aspect of the arm and runs posterior to medial epicondyle to enter the forearm without branching. Previously, ulnar nerve variations have been consistently located in origin or course of the distal branches. Case Report: In this present case, an unreported rare bifurcation of ulnar nerve was seen in the left lower arm of a 65 year male cadaver with the resulting posteromedial and anterolateral branches arising above the medial epicondyle in.Its phylogeny and implications are discussed in detail. Conclusion: A lack of awareness of variations might complicate surgical repair and may cause ineffective nerve blockade.