bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stiffness memory of EA.hy926 endothelial cells in response to chronic hyperglycemia
Authors: Targosz-Korecka Marta , Brzezinka Grzegorz D , Malek Katarzyna E , Stȩpień Ewa , Szymonski Marek 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Glycemic memory of endothelial cells is an effect of long-lasting hyperglycemia and is a cause of various diabetics complications, that arises despite of the treatment targeted towards returning low glucose level in blood system. On the other hand, endothelial dysfunction, which is believed to be a main cause of cardiovascular complications, is exhibited in the changes of mechanical properties of cells. Although formation of the glycemic memory was widely investigated, its impact on the mechanical properties of endothelial cells has not been studied yet.

Methods
In this study, nanoindentaion with a tip of an atomic force microscope was used to probe the long-term changes (through 26 passages, c.a. 80 days) in mechanical properties of EA.hy926 endothelial cells cultured in hyperglycemic conditions. As a complementary method, alterations in the structure of actin cytoskeleton were visualized by fluorescent staining of F-actin.

Results
We observed a gradual stiffening of the cells up to 20th passage for cells cultured in high glucose (25 mM). Fluorescence imaging has revealed that this behavior resulted from systematic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. In further passages, a drop in stiffness had occurred. The most interesting finding was recorded for cells transferred after 14 passages from high glucose to normal glucose conditions (5mM). After the transfer, the initial drop in stiffness was followed by a return of the cell stiffness to the value previously observed for cells cultured constantly in high glucose

Conclusions
Our results indicate that glycemic memory causes irreversible changes in stiffness of endothelial cells. The formation of the observed “stiffness memory” could be important in the context of vascular complications which develop despite the normalization of the glucose level.
Some geometric properties of a new modular space defined by Zweier operator
Authors: Et Mikail , Karakaş Murat , Çınar Muhammed 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we define the modular space

Z
σ

(
s
,
p
)

by using the Zweier operator and a modular. Then, we consider it equipped with the Luxemburg norm and also examine the uniform Opial property and property β. Finally, we show that this space has the fixed point property.

MSC:40A05, 46A45, 46B20.
Intact cluster and chordate-like expression of ParaHox genes in a sea star
Authors: Annunziata Rossella , Martinez Pedro , Arnone Maria Ina 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
The ParaHox genes are thought to be major players in patterning the gut of several bilaterian taxa. Though this is a fundamental role that these transcription factors play, their activities are not limited to the endoderm and extend to both ectodermal and mesodermal tissues. Three genes compose the ParaHox group: Gsx, Xlox and Cdx. In some taxa (mostly chordates but to some degree also in protostomes) the three genes are arranged into a genomic cluster, in a similar fashion to what has been shown for the better-known Hox genes. Sea urchins possess the full complement of ParaHox genes but they are all dispersed throughout the genome, an arrangement that, perhaps, represented the primitive condition for all echinoderms. In order to understand the evolutionary history of this group of genes we cloned and characterized all ParaHox genes, studied their expression patterns and identified their genomic loci in a member of an earlier branching group of echinoderms, the asteroid Patiria miniata.

Results
We identified the three ParaHox orthologs in the genome of P. miniata. While one of them, PmGsx is provided as maternal message, with no zygotic activation afterwards, the other two, PmLox and PmCdx are expressed during embryogenesis, within restricted domains of both endoderm and ectoderm. Screening of a Patiria bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library led to the identification of a clone containing the three genes. The transcriptional directions of PmGsx and PmLox are opposed to that of the PmCdx gene within the cluster.

Conclusions
The identification of P. miniata ParaHox genes has revealed the fact that these genes are clustered in the genome, in contrast to what has been reported for echinoids. Since the presence of an intact cluster, or at least a partial cluster, has been reported in chordates and polychaetes respectively, it becomes clear that within echinoderms, sea urchins have modified the original bilaterian arrangement. Moreover, the sea star ParaHox domains of expression show chordate-like features not found in the sea urchin, confirming that the dynamics of gene expression for the respective genes and their putative regulatory interactions have clearly changed over evolutionary time within the echinoid lineage.
Let-7b expression determines response to chemotherapy through the regulation of Cyclin D1 in Glioblastoma
Authors: Guo Yong , Yan Kuipo , Fang Jiasheng , Qu Qiang , Zhou Ming , Chen Fenghua 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma is the most common type of primary brain tumors. Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for Glioblastoma patients. Despite a consistent rate of initial responses, cisplatin treatment often develops chemoresistance, leading to therapeutic failure. Cellular resistance to cisplatin is of great concern and understanding the molecular mechanisms is an utter need.

Methods
Glioblastoma cell line U251 cells were exposed to increasing doses of cisplatin for 6 months to establish cisplatin-resistant cell line U251R. The differential miRNA expression profiles in U251 and U251R cell lines were identified by microarray analysis and confirmed by Q-PCR. MiRNA mimics were transfected into U251R cells, and cellular response to cisplatin-induced apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were examined by FACS analysis.

Results
U251R cells showed 3.1-fold increase in cisplatin resistance compared to its parental U251 cells. Microarray analysis identified Let-7b and other miRNAs significantly down-regulated in U251R cells compared to U251 cells. Transfection of Let-7b mimics greatly re-sensitized U251R cells to cisplatin, while transfection of other miRNAs has no effect or slightly effect. Cyclin D1 is predicted as a target of Let-7b through bioinformatics analysis. Over-expression of Let-7b mimics suppressed cyclin D1 protein expression and inhibited cyclin D1-3’-UTR luciferase activity. Knockdown of cyclin D1 expression significantly increased cisplatin-induced G1 arrest and apoptosis.

Conclusions
Collectively, our results indicated that cisplatin treatment leads to Let-7b suppression, which in turn up-regulates cyclin D1 expression. Let-7b may serve as a marker of cisplatin resistance, and can enhance the therapeutic benefit of cisplatin in glioblastoma cells.
Coumarin compounds of Biebersteinia multifida roots show potential anxiolytic effects in mice
Authors: Monsef-Esfahani Hamid Reza , Amini Mohsen , Goodarzi Navid , Saiedmohammadi Fatemeh , Hajiaghaee Reza , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali , Tofighi Zahra , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Traditional preparations of the root of Biebersteinia multifida DC (Geraniaceae), a native medicinal plant of Irano-Turanian floristic region, have been used for the treatment of phobias as anxiolytic herbal preparation.

Methods
We utilized the phobic behavior of mice in an elevated plus-maze as a model to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of the plant extract and bio-guided fractionation was applied to isolate the active compounds. Total root extract, alkaline and ether fraction were administered to mice at different doses 30 and 90 min prior to the maze test. Saline and diazepam were administered as negative and positive controls, respectively. The time spent in open and closed arms, an index of anxiety behavior and entry time, was measured as an index of animal activity.

Results
The total root extract exhibited anxiolytic effect which was comparable to diazepam but with longer duration. This sustained effect of the crude extract was sustained for 90 min and was even more after injection of 45 mg/kg while the effect of diazepam had been reduced by 90 min. The anxiolytic effect factor was only present in the alkaline fraction and displayed its effect at lower doses than diazepam while pure vasicinone as the previously known alkaloid did not shown anxiolytic effect. The effect of the alkaline fraction was in a dose dependent manner starting at 0.2 mg/kg with a maximum at 1.0 mg/kg. Bio-guided fractionation using a variety of chromatographic methods led to isolation and purification of three coumarin derivatives from the bioactive fraction, including umbelliferone, scopoletin, and ferulic acid.

Conclusion
For the first time, bio-guided fractionation of the root extract of B. multifida indicates significant sustained anxiolytic effects which led to isolation of three coumarin derivatives with well-known potent MAO inhibitory and anti-anxiety effects. These data contribute to evidence-based traditional use of B. multifida root for anxiety disorders.
Exome sequencing resolves apparent incidental findings and reveals further complexity of SH3TC2 variant alleles causing Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy
Authors: Lupski James R , Gonzaga-Jauregui Claudia , Yang Yaping , Bainbridge Matthew N , Jhangiani Shalini , Buhay Christian J , Kovar Christie L , Wang Min , Hawes Alicia C , Reid Jeffrey G , Eng Christine , Muzny Donna M , Gibbs Richard A 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Background
The debate regarding the relative merits of whole genome sequencing (WGS) versus exome sequencing (ES) centers around comparative cost, average depth of coverage for each interrogated base, and their relative efficiency in the identification of medically actionable variants from the myriad of variants identified by each approach. Nevertheless, few genomes have been subjected to both WGS and ES, using multiple next generation sequencing platforms. In addition, no personal genome has been so extensively analyzed using DNA derived from peripheral blood as opposed to DNA from transformed cell lines that may either accumulate mutations during propagation or clonally expand mosaic variants during cell transformation and propagation.

Methods
We investigated a genome that was studied previously by SOLiD chemistry using both ES and WGS, and now perform six independent ES assays (Illumina GAII (x2), Illumina HiSeq (x2), Life Technologies' Personal Genome Machine (PGM) and Proton), and one additional WGS (Illumina HiSeq).

Results
We compared the variants identified by the different methods and provide insights into the differences among variants identified between ES runs in the same technology platform and among different sequencing technologies. We resolved the true genotypes of medically actionable variants identified in the proband through orthogonal experimental approaches. Furthermore, ES identified an additional SH3TC2 variant (p.M1?) that likely contributes to the phenotype in the proband.

Conclusions
ES identified additional medically actionable variant calls and helped resolve ambiguous single nucleotide variants (SNV) documenting the power of increased depth of coverage of the captured targeted regions. Comparative analyses of WGS and ES reveal that pseudogenes and segmental duplications may explain some instances of apparent disease mutations in unaffected individuals.
High rate of revision and a high incidence of radiolucent lines around Metasul metal-on-metal total hip replacements
Authors: Bjorgul K. , Novicoff W. N. , Andersen S. T. , Ahlund O. R. , Bunes A. , Wiig M. , Brevig K. 
Published: June 2013

A total of 397 hips were randomised to receive Metasul metal-on-metal (MoM), metal-on-conventional polyethylene (MoP) or ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) bearings using a cemented triple-tapered polished femoral component (MS-30). There were 129 MoM hips in 123 patients (39 male and 84 female, mean age 63.3 years (40.7 to 72.9)), 137 MoP hips in 127 patients (39 male and 88 female, mean age 62.8 years (24.5 to 72.7)) and 131 CoP hips in 124 patients (51 male and 73 female, mean age 63.9 years (30.6 to 73.8)). All acetabular components were cemented Weber polyethylene components with the appropriate inlay for the MoM articulation. Clinical evaluation was undertaken using the Harris hip score (HHS) and radiological assessments were made at two, five and seven years. The HHS and radiological analysis were available for 341 hips after seven years. The MoM group had the lowest mean HHS (p = 0.124), a higher rate of revision (p < 0.001) and a higher incidence of radiolucent lines in unrevised hips (p < 0.001). In all, 12 revisions had been performed in 12 patients: eight in the MoM group (four for infection, four for aseptic loosening, three in the MoP group (one each of infection, dislocation and pain) and one in the CoP group (infection).Our findings reveal no advantage to the MoM bearing and identified a higher revision rate and a greater incidence of radiolucent lines than with the other articulations. We recommend that patients with a 28 mm Metasul MoM bearing be followed carefully.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:881–6.
Radiological measurement of femoral stem version using a modified Budin method
Authors: Lee Y. K. , Kim T. Y. , Ha Y. C. , Kang B. J. , Koo K. H. 
Published: June 2013

Version of the femoral stem is an important factor influencing the risk of dislocation after total hip replacement (THR) as well as the position of the acetabular component. However, there is no radiological method of measuring stem anteversion described in the literature. We propose a radiological method to measure stem version and have assessed its reliability and validity. In 36 patients who underwent THR, a hip radiograph and CT scan were taken to measure stem anteversion. The radiograph was a modified Budin view. This is taken as a posteroanterior radiograph in the sitting position with 90° hip flexion and 90° knee flexion and 30° hip abduction. The angle between the stem-neck axis and the posterior intercondylar line was measured by three independent examiners. The intra- and interobserver reliabilities of each measurement were examined. The radiological measurements were compared with the CT measurements to evaluate their validity. The mean radiological measurement was 13.36° (sd 6.46) and the mean CT measurement was 12.35° (sd 6.39) (p = 0.096). The intra- and interobserver reliabilities were excellent for both measurements. The radiological measurements correlated well with the CT measurements (p = 0.001, r = 0.877). The modified Budin method appears reliable and valid for the measurement of femoral stem anteversion. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:877–80.
On certain anisotropic elliptic equations arising in congested optimal transport: Local gradient bounds
Authors: Brasco Lorenzo , Carlier Guillaume 
Published: June 2013

Abstract.
Motivated by applications to congested optimal transport problems,
we prove higher integrability results for the gradient of solutions to some anisotropic elliptic equations, exhibiting a wide range of degeneracy. The model case we have in mind is the following:

∂
x

(
|

u
x

|
-

δ
1

)

+

q
-
1

u
x

|

u
x

|

+

∂
y

(
|

u
y

|
-

δ
2

)

+

q
-
1

u
y

|

u
y

|

=
f
,

$
\partial _x \biggl [(|u_{x}|-\delta _1)_+^{q-1}\, \frac{u_{x}}{|u_{x}|}\biggr ]+\partial _y \biggl [(|u_{y}|-\delta _2)_+^{q-1}\, \frac{u_{y}}{|u_{y}|}\biggr ]=f,
$

for

2
≤
q
<
∞

${2\le q&lt;\infty }$

and some non-negative parameters

δ
1

,

δ
2

${\delta _1,\delta _2}$

. Here

(

·

)

+

${(\,\cdot \,)_+}$

stands for the positive part. We prove that if

f
∈

L
loc
∞

${f\in L^\infty _{\rm loc}}$

, then

∇
u
∈

L
loc
r

${\nabla u\in L^r_{\rm loc}}$

for every r ≥ 1.
On a class of parametric Neumann problems with indefinite and unbounded potential
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Smyrlis George 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
We consider a parametric Neumann problem with an indefinite and
unbounded potential. Using a combination of critical point theory
with truncation and comparison techniques, with Morse theory and
with invariance arguments for a suitable negative gradient flow,
we prove two multiplicity theorems for certain values of the
parameter. In the first theorem we produce three solutions and in
the second five. For all solutions we provide sign information.
Our work improves significantly results existing in the
literature.
Prevalence of health risk behaviors and their associated factors among university students in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl , Mirrakhimov Erkin M. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Background: With the advancements in knowledge about health promotion, public health professionals have been seeking determinants of personal health behaviors. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of health risk behaviors and its associated factors in a sample of Kyrgyz university students.
Methods: In a cross-sectional survey, health risk behaviors among a sample of randomly selected university students were assessed. The sample included 837 university students from health sciences undergraduate courses of the State Medical Academy in Kyrgyzstan. The students were 358 (42.8%) males and 479 (57.2%) females in the age range of 18–29 years (Median age=21.3 years, SD=1.5).
Results: On average, students engaged in 9.4 (SD=2.3) out of 23 health risk behavior practices (range, 3–18). Generally, there was a high rate of insufficient fruit and vegetable intake (86.4%), eating red meat at least once a day (62%), usually adding salt to meals (78.3%), skipping breakfast (50.5%), current tobacco use (49.7%) and two or more sexual partners in the past 12 months (46.1%) among men, and never using a condom with a primary partner in the past 3 months (90.9%) among women. Furthermore, 60.8% of the women were physically inactive. In bivariate analysis among men, the lack of perceived benefits was associated with health risk behavior. In multivariate analysis among women, poorer family background, being Russian, high personal constraints or stress, and better subjective health were associated with the health risk behavior index.
Conclusions: Students had a high proportion of health risk behavior practices. Several high health risk practices were identified, including poor dietary behavior, physical inactivity, sexual risk behavior, and tobacco use. Gender specific predictors identified included sociodemographic characteristics and social and health variables, which can be utilized in health promotion programs.
Sensory Qualities, Antioxidant Activities, and in vitro Inhibition of Enzymes Relevant to Type-2 Diabetes by Biscuits Produced from 5 Wheat-Bambara Groundnut Flour Blends
Authors: Adefegha Stephen Adeniyi , Oboh Ganiyu 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this study, wheat flour was replaced and/or substituted with bambara groundnut flour. Four blends were prepared by mixing the wheat flour with bambara groundnut flours in the proportions of 100:0 (WWB), 75:25 (BGFB-25), 50:50 (BGFB-50), and 0:100 (BGFB-100). These blends were then fortified with powdered orange peels (3%), for the production of biscuits. The sensory evaluation of the biscuits revealed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between all the biscuits in aroma, color, and texture, while significant difference was observed in their taste and general acceptability; with WWB ranking the highest in taste and general acceptability. Aqueous extracts of biscuits were prepared. The result revealed that biscuit extracts exhibited good antioxidant [DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhyrazyl) and ABTS (2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical scavenging abilities and reducing property] and enzyme (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory properties (in vitro). The inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase could be attributed to the phenolic contents and antioxidant properties of the biscuit extracts; moreover, BGFB-100 showed the highest antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.
Colour Change Analysis of Fig Fruit during Microwave Drying
Authors: Sharifian Faroogh , Modarres-Motlagh Asad , Komarizade Mohammad Hasan , Nikbakht Ali M. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Investigation of qualitative indices for the pulsed microwave dried figs (Ficus carica L.) is accomplished through image processing techniques. Three hundred colour pictures of fig fruit before and after drying were prepared in RGB colour space. After converting the RGB colour space into L
a
b units, colour values in L
a
b units were analysed before and after drying at five levels of microwave power intensity and six pulsing ratio levels. Kinetic parameters for the colour change were determined using the total colour change parameter, chroma, hue angle and browning index. The results showed that the L value decreases with the pulsing ratio and increases with microwave power intensity while a values remains constant with the microwave power intensity. Values of hue angle for dried fig varied between 1.21 and 1.32 radian, i.e. the dried fruits presented an appealing yellow/orange colour. Additionally, increasing microwave power intensity led to higher browning indices. Based on the resulting values, an optimized microwave drying of fig will be achieved serving as a tool for enhanced economical processing of the fruit.
The effects of fabric lamination angle and ply number on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of weft knitted fabric-reinforced polypropylene composites
Authors: Soyaslan Devrim , Göktepe Özer , Çömlekçi Selçuk 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of fabric lamination angle and fabric ply number on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) of weft knitted fabric-reinforced polypropylene composites. Knitted fabric-reinforced composites are composed of aramid yarn, polypropylene yarn, and copper wire. Polypropylene is the matrix phase and the aramid yarn and copper wires are the reinforcement phase of the composite materials. It was achieved to form 1.5 to 3 mm thickness composites. The composites have nearly 20–50 dB electromagnetic shielding values. To form the knitted fabrics, 7G semiautomatic flat knitting machine was used. The composites were formed by a laboratory-type hot press. EMSE of composites were tested by using ASTM D 4935 coaxial test fixture in 27–3000 MHz frequency band. Lamination angle and ply number parameters were examined related to EMSE of structures. For this study, three different structures were knitted and named as plain knit, 1×1 rib knit, and half cardigan knit. To determine the effect of lamination angle of composites on electromagnetic shielding performance, the composites were produced in two different lamination angles as 0°/90°/0°/90° and 0°/45°/0°/45°. To determine the effect of fabric ply number of composites on electromagnetic shielding performance, the composites were produced in two and four plies. It was observed that the fabric ply number and lamination angle does not affect the EMSE of composite materials very much. It was determined that weft knitted reinforced composite structures have appropriate and high EMSE values for electromagnetic applications. This knitted fabric-reinforced polypropylene composites are flexible and suitable for other industrial applications as civil engineering, aerospace, etc.