bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbonate petrophysical rock typing: integrating geological attributes and petrophysical properties while linking with dynamic behaviour
Authors: Skalinski Mark , Kenter Jeroen A. M. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Carbonate rock typing provides a vehicle to propagate petrophysical properties through association with geological attributes and, therefore, is critical for distributing reservoir properties, such as permeability and water saturation, in the reservoir model. The conventional approaches to rock typing have significant gaps in incorporating diagenetic processes, transferring rock types from core to log domain, accounting for fractures and using appropriate methodology to realistically distribute rock types in the static reservoir model. The workflow proposed in this paper addresses these issues in a comprehensive way by determination of petrophysical rock types (PRTs), which control static properties and dynamic behaviour of the reservoir, while optimally linking to geological attributes (depositional and diagenetic) and their spatial interrelationships and trends. This approach is novel for the fact that it: (1) integrates geological processes, petrophysics and Earth modelling aspects of rock typing; (2) integrates core and log scales; and (3) provides a flexible ‘road map’ from core to 3D model for variable data scenarios that can be updated with progressive changes in data quality and quantity during the life cycle of an asset. This paper introduces the rationale behind this workflow, and demonstrates its workings and agility through deployment in two large carbonate fields.
Targeting PI3K/mTOR Overcomes Resistance to HER2-Targeted Therapy Independent of Feedback Activation of AKT
Authors: O'Brien Neil A. , McDonald Karen , Tong Luo , von Euw Erika , Kalous Ondrej , Conklin Dylan , Hurvitz Sara A. , di Tomaso Emmanuelle , Schnell Christian , Linnartz Ronald , Finn Richard S. , Hirawat Samit , Slamon Dennis J. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Purpose: Altered PI3K/mTOR signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of breast cancers, including those resistant to hormonal and HER2-targeted therapies.
Experimental Design: The activity of four classes of PI3K/mTOR inhibitory molecules, including a pan-PI3K inhibitor (NVP-BKM120), a p110α isoform–specific PI3K inhibitor (NVP-BYL719), an mTORC1-specific inhibitor (NVP-RAD001), and a dual PI3K/mTORC1/2 inhibitor (NVP-BEZ235), was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo against a panel of 48 human breast cell lines.
Results: Each agent showed significant antiproliferative activity in vitro, particularly in luminal estrogen receptor–positive and/or HER2+ cell lines harboring PI3K mutations. In addition, monotherapy with each of the four inhibitors led to significant inhibition of in vivo growth in HER2+ breast cancer models. The PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibitors were also effective in overcoming both de novo and acquired trastuzumab resistance in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, combined targeting of HER2 and PI3K/mTOR leads to increased apoptosis in vitro and induction of tumor regression in trastuzumab-resistant xenograft models. Finally, as previously shown, targeting mTORC1 alone with RAD001 leads to consistent feedback activation of AKT both in vitro and in vivo, whereas the dual mTOR1–2/PI3K inhibitor BEZ235 eliminates this feedback loop. However, despite these important signaling differences, both molecules are equally effective in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusion: These preclinical data support the findings of the BOLERO 3 trial that shows that targeting of the PI3K/mTOR pathway in combination with trastuzumab is beneficial in trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 20(13); 3507–20. ©2014 AACR.
FDA Approval: Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine for the Treatment of Patients with HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Amiri-Kordestani Laleh , Blumenthal Gideon M. , Xu Qiang Casey , Zhang Lijun , Tang Shenghui W. , Ha Linan , Weinberg Wendy C. , Chi Bo , Candau-Chacon Reyes , Hughes Patricia , Russell Anne M. , Miksinski Sarah Pope , Chen Xiao Hong , McGuinn W. David , Palmby Todd , Schrieber Sarah J. , Liu Qi , Wang Jian , Song Pengfei , Mehrotra Nitin , Skarupa Lisa , Clouse Kathleen , Al-Hakim Ali , Sridhara Rajeshwari , Ibrahim Amna , Justice Robert , Pazdur Richard , Cortazar Patricia 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
On February 22, 2013, the FDA licensed ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla; Genentech, Inc.) for use as a single agent for the treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who previously received trastuzumab and a taxane, separately or in combination. The clinical basis for licensure was a phase III trial in 991 patients with HER2-positive MBC that randomly allocated patients to receive ado-trastuzumab emtansine (n = 495) or lapatinib in combination with capecitabine (n = 496). The coprimary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) based on tumor assessments by an independent review committee and overall survival (OS). Statistically significant improvements in PFS and OS were observed in patients receiving ado-trastuzumab emtansine compared with patients receiving lapatinib plus capecitabine [difference in PFS medians of 3.2 months, HR, 0.65 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.55–0.77), P &lt; 0.0001 and difference in OS medians of 5.8 months, HR, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.55–0.85), P = 0.0006]. The most common adverse reactions in patients receiving ado-trastuzumab emtansine were fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, thrombocytopenia, headache, increased aminotransferase levels, and constipation. Other significant adverse reactions included hepatobiliary disorders and left ventricular dysfunction. Given the PFS and OS results, the benefit–risk profile was considered favorable. Clin Cancer Res; 20(17); 4436–41. ©2014 AACR.
Visualizing timescape issues in a comparative study of the American states
Authors: Tucker Harvey J. 
Published: May 2014

This paper considers a range of time-related issues in the comparative empirical study of the American States and demonstrates how visualizations animated to show change over time can provide information that summary statistics do not. Issues discussed include proactive and reactive policies, proper measurement of money over time, and proper linking of variables over time. Relationships with nearly identical annual correlations can exhibit strikingly different scatterplot animations. Visualization tools can help us recognize and better understand temporal phenomena. Points for practitioners Just as visualizations are helpful in data analysis, visualizations animated to show change over time are helpful in analysis of cross-sectional time-series data Animated scatterplots show change over time for individual units of analysis and the sample or population as a whole Animated visualizations can add richness and texture to understanding of empirical phenomena; they can stimulate insights, develop hypotheses and test hypotheses Animated visualizations can highlight temporal components
Histological difference between pulsed wave laser and continuous wave laser in endovenous laser ablation
Authors: Kansaku Rei , Sakakibara Naoki , Amano Atsushi , Endo Hisako , Shimabukuro Takashi , Sueishi Michiaki 
Published: May 2014

Background Endovenous laser ablation to saphenous veins has been popular as a minimally invasive treatment for chronic venous insufficiency. However, adverse effects after endovenous laser ablation using continuous wave laser still remain. Pulsed wave with enough short pulse duration and sufficiently long thermal relaxation time may avoid the excess energy delivery, which leads to the perforation of the vein wall. Method (1) Free radiation: Laser is radiated in blood for 10 s. (2) Endovenous laser ablation: Veins were filled with blood and placed in saline. Endovenous laser ablations were performed. Results (1) There were clots on the fiber tips with continuous wave laser while no clots with pulsed wave laser. (2) In 980-nm continuous wave, four of 15 specimens had ulcers and 11 of 15 had perforation. In 1470-nm continuous wave with 120 J/cm of linear endovenous energy density, two of three presented ulcers and one of three showed perforation. In 1470-nm continuous wave with 60 J/cm of linear endovenous energy density, two of four had ulcers and two of four had perforation. In 1320-nm pulsed wave, there were neither ulcers nor perforation in the specimens. Conclusions While endovenous laser ablation using continuous wave results in perforation in many cases, pulsed wave does not lead to perforation.
Three cases of lupus nephritis patients with serum interleukin-32γ detection
Authors: Inoue M , Shoda H , Seri Y , Kubo K , Kanda H , Fujio K , Yamamoto K 
Published: May 2014

Purpose Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is an inflammatory cytokine that is associated with the pathogenesis of several connective tissue diseases. We measured serum IL-32γ concentrations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Methods Serum samples were obtained from SLE patients ( n = 51), and healthy controls ( n = 15). Serum IL-32 concentrations were measured using ELISA. Clinical information was obtained from medical records. Results Serum IL-32γ was detectable in three cases of SLE patients, whereas it was not detected in any healthy controls. Case 1: a 44-year-old female with lupus nephritis (LN) (Class II) and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Serum IL-32γ was 5.1 pg/ml. Case 2: a 30-year-old female with a history of diffuse proliferative LN (Class IV G (A/C)) and pulmonary hemorrhage. Serum IL-32γ was 8.9 pg/ml. Case 3: a 45-year-old female with chronic LN. Serum IL-32γ was 9.1 pg/ml. All three cases of IL-32γ-detectable patients had histories of LN and one had an active disease. In the context of LN, serum IL-32γ was detectable in 18.8% (three of 16) of SLE patients with histories of LN. Conclusion We suppose that IL-32γ could contribute to the pathogenesis of renal diseases in some LN patients.
Preference of Chinese general public and healthcare providers for a good death
Authors: Haishan Huang , Hongjuan Liu , Tieying Zeng , Xuemei Pu 
Published: May 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find and compare the current situation between common people and healthcare providers’ preferences for a good death in the context of Chinese culture. Methods: A cross-sectional anonymous questionnaire survey covering 190 ordinary Chinese people and 323 healthcare providers was conducted. An inventory of the good death was translated and the subjects were surveyed about their attitude toward it. Ethical considerations: Permission to conduct the study was granted by department chiefs, nurse managers and the participants themselves. The participants were informed that they took part on a voluntary and anonymous basis, that they could withdraw at any time, that they had the right to ignore questions they did not wish to answer, and that whatever they chose to do would not jeopardize their employment conditions. Results: The attributes that were perceived as important by major respondents for a good death were maintaining hope and pleasure, good relationship with medical staff, good relationship with family, independence, environment comfort, being respected as an individual, preparation for death, physical and psychological comfort, dying in a favorite place, and not being a burden to others. And some relatively less important characteristics were life completion, receiving enough treatment, natural death, controlling over the future, unawareness of death, pride and beauty, feeling that one’s life is worth living, and religious and spiritual comfort. We also found that healthcare providers were more likely than general out-patients to perceive “physical and psychological comfort,” “dying in a favorite place,” “good relationship with medical staff,” and “natural death” as important for a good death. Conclusion: This study offers healthcare providers in China a fundamental understanding of the normal expectations of the general public for a good death. It is believed that these findings in our study are valuable to improve palliative care in China. We compared the attitudes of Chinese and Westerners and found some differences, which suggested that cultural difference should be an important consideration to achieve a good death in China. We also found that healthcare providers see good death differently from general public, indicating that the criteria for good death warrant further study.
Nurses’ professional values and attitudes toward collaboration with physicians
Authors: Brown Sara S , Lindell Deborah F , Dolansky Mary A , Garber Jeannie S 
Published: May 2014

Background: Growing evidence suggests that collaborative practice improves healthcare outcomes, but the precursors to collaborative behavior between nurses and physicians have not been fully explored. Research question: The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to describe the professional values held by nurses and their attitudes toward physician–nurse collaboration and to explore the relationships between nurses’ characteristics (e.g. education, type of work) and professional values and their attitudes toward nurse–physician collaboration. Research design: This descriptive correlational study examines the relationship between nurses’ professional values (Nurses Professional Values Scale–Revised) and their attitudes toward nurse–physician collaboration (Jefferson Scale of Attitudes toward Physician–Nurse Collaboration). Ethical considerations: Permission to conduct the study was received from the hospital, and the Institutional Review Boards of the healthcare system and the participating university. Participants/context: A convenience sample of 231 registered nurses from a tertiary hospital in the United States was surveyed. Findings: A significant positive relationship was found between nurses’ professional values and better attitudes toward collaboration with physicians ( r = .26, p < .01). Attitude toward collaboration with physicians was also positively associated with master’s or higher levels of education ( F(3, 224) = 4.379, p = .005). Discussion: The results of this study can be helpful to nurse administrators who are responsible for developing highly collaborative healthcare teams and for nurse educators who are focused on developing professional values in future nurses.
Ethical issues in hospital clients’ satisfaction
Authors: Rocha Elyrose SB , Ventura Carla AA , Godoy Simone de , Mendes Isabel AC , Trevizan Maria A 
Published: May 2014

Background: Health institutions can be considered as complex organizations because they need to be prepared to receive and satisfy patients. This clientele differs from other organizations because the use of hospital services is not a matter of choice. Another motive for this difference is that, most often, the patients do not determine what services and products they will use during their stay. Although they are the clients, usually, health professionals decide which service or product they will consume. Hence, nursing care delivery based on competence, efficiency and ethics represents a challenge. Objective: This critical reflection is meant to draw attention to the relevance of the ethical aspects of nurses' actions involving patients' satisfaction with nursing care. Research design: This paper highlights the responsibility of nurses to develop ethical actions in their commitment to manage and provide care with quality, commitment and efficiency. Findings and discussion: Possibilities of actions needed emerged from this discussion, such as the provision of reliable and updated information to clients, respect for standards, routines of care, exams and others, as well as clients' education, in order to further their involvement and participation in decisions concerning the care planned for them. Conclusion: The adoption of this paradigm entails a change in the performance of nurses' management and care roles, which may have to observe attitudes previously disregarded in most services provided.
Palliative Care in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kamel Ghassan , Paniagua Miguel , Uppalapati Aditya 
Published: May 2014

Palliative care (PC) and end-of-life (EOL) care are gaining importance in the management of critically ill patients in the ICU. Residents form a significant work force in the ICU and most often are the only group that provides round the clock coverage. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study where residents were surveyed to assess their knowledge, skills and perceived barriers towards palliative care in the ICU. Results: The most common barrier identified by our residents was discrepancies in goals of care between the medical team and patients/families (18.7%). A palliative care consult was most commonly obtained when the patient was terminally ill (22.9%). Discussion: Teaching should focus on overcoming the identified barriers especially communication with patients and their families. More studies are needed to identify the best method to teach Palliative care in the ICU.
Astragaloside IV inhibits renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by blocking TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Wang Li , Chi Yang-Feng , Yuan Ze-Ting , Zhou Wen-Chao , Yin Pei-Hao , Zhang Xue-Mei , Peng Wen , Cai Hui 
Published: May 2014

Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a major active ingredient from Radix astragali, which has been considered as a renoprotective agent; however, its molecular mechanisms are unclear. Thus, we designed to investigate the renoprotective effects and mechanisms of AS-IV in rat model of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in vivo and TGF-β1-stimulated rat renal fibroblasts (NRK-49F) in vitro. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham operation, UUO, UUO/AS-IV (3.3, 10, 33 mg·kg−1·d−1), and UUO/enalapril (4 mg·kg−1·d−1). Renal function, tubulointerstitial damage index score, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and the expressions of TGF-β1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I, III, Smad2/3, phosphorylated-Smad2/3, and Smad7 were measured. In addition, the expressions of CTGF, α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I, III, Smad2/3, phosphorylated-Smad2/3, and Smad7 were measured in TGF-β1-stiumlated NRK-49F cell line. AS-IV significantly decreased UUO-induced renal fibrosis and functional impairment, which are associated with inhibition of TGF-β1, CTGF, α-SMA, and collagen matrix expression, and a decrease in serum creatinine and urea nitrogen. The renoprotective effects of AS-IV on fibrosis were associated with up-regulation of Smad7, thereby blocking up-regulations of TGF-β1, CTGF, and α-SMA, and activation of phosphorylated-Smad2/3. These effects were further conformed in NRK-49F cell line stimulated by TGF-β1. Moreover, knockdown of Smad7 gene in NRK-49F cells was able to prevent AS-IV-induced inhibition to Smad2/3 signaling activation, expression of CTGF, α-SMA, and ECM proteins in response to TGF-β1. Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis was attenuated by treatment with AS-IV, which was closely related to induction of Smad7, thereby inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling.
The vacuum-assisted closure (V.A.C®) system for surgical site infection with involved vascular grafts
Authors: Saziye Karaca , Afksendiyos Kalangos 
Published: May 2014

Background In vascular surgery, surgical site infection is the most common postoperative morbidity, occurring in 5–10% of vascular patients. The optimal management of surgical site infection with involved lower limb vascular grafts remains controversial. We present our 6-year results of using the V.A.C.® system in surgical site infection with involved vascular grafts. Methods A retrospective 6-year review of patient who underwent a VAC® therapy for postoperative surgical site infection in lower limb with involved vascular grafts in our department between January 2006 and December 2011. V.A.C therapy was used in 40 patients. All patients underwent surgical wound revision with VAC® therapy and antibiotics. Results The mean time of use of the V.A.C. system was 14.2 days. After mean of 12 days in 34 of 40 patients, in whom the use of VAC® therapy resulted in delayed primary closure or healing by secondary intention. The mean postoperative follow-up time was 61.67 months, during which 3 patients died. Conclusion We showed that the V.A.C.® system is valuable for managing specifically surgical site infection with involved vascular grafts. Using the V.A.C.® system, reoperation rates are reduced; 85% of patients avoided graft replacement.
Multipotent Stromal Cells Outperform Chondrocytes on Cartilage-Derived Matrix Scaffolds
Authors: Benders K.E.M. , Boot W. , Cokelaere S.M. , Van Weeren P.R. , Gawlitta D. , Bergman H.J. , Saris D.B.F. , Dhert W.J.A. , Malda J. 
Published: May 2014

Objective Although extracellular matrix (ECM)–derived scaffolds have been extensively studied and applied in a number of clinical applications, the use of ECM as a biomaterial for (osteo)chondral regeneration is less extensively explored. This study aimed at evaluating the chondrogenic potential of cells seeded on cartilage-derived matrix (CDM) scaffolds in vitro. Design Scaffolds were generated from decellularized equine articular cartilage and seeded with either chondrocytes or multipotent stromal cells (MSCs). After 2, 4, and 6 weeks of in vitro culture, CDM constructs were analyzed both histologically (hematoxylin and eosin, Safranin-O, collagen types I and II) and biochemically (glycosaminoglycan [GAG] and DNA content). Results After 4 weeks, both cell types demonstrated chondrogenic differentiation; however, the MSCs significantly outperformed chondrocytes in producing new GAG-containing cartilaginous matrix. Conclusion These promising in vitro results underscore the potency of CDM scaffolds in (osteo)chondral defect repair.
Using Systems Science for Population Health Management in Primary Care
Authors: Li Yan , Kong Nan , Lawley Mark A. , Pagán José A. 
Published: May 2014

Objectives: Population health management is becoming increasingly important to organizations managing and providing primary care services given ongoing changes in health care delivery and payment systems. The objective of this study is to show how systems science methodologies could be incorporated into population health management to compare different interventions and improve health outcomes. Methods: The New York Academy of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Simulation model (an agent-based model) and data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to evaluate a lifestyle program that could be implemented in primary care practice settings. The program targeted Medicare-age adults and focused on improving diet and exercise and reducing weight. Results: The simulation results suggest that there would be significant reductions projected in the proportion of the Medicare-age population with diabetes after the implementation of the proposed lifestyle program for a relatively long term (3 and 5 years). Similar results were found for the subpopulations with high cholesterol, but the proposed intervention would not have a significant effect in the proportion of the population with hypertension over a time period of <5 years. Conclusions: Systems science methodologies can be useful to compare the health outcomes of different interventions. These tools can become an important component of population health management because they can help managers and other decision makers evaluate alternative programs in primary care settings.