bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Overheating of Thermostatically Controlled TiO2 Thin Films by Using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Gallardo Juan Jesús , Navas Javier , Zorrilla David , Alcántara Rodrigo , Valor Diego , Sánchez‐Coronilla Antonio , Hernández Norge Cruz , Fernández‐Lorenzo Concha , Martín‐Calleja Joaquín 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this study a classic Raman spectroscopy method is applied and the intensity ratio of Stokes and anti‐Stokes peaks is used to measure the temperature of thermostatically controlled TiO2 thin films. In addition, three mathematical formulae are used and analyzed to estimate the temperature of the TiO2 thin films. Overheating of the samples above the thermostatically controlled temperature was observed while recording the Raman spectra, with a temperature increase of up to 30 K being detected. DFT‐periodic calculations showed that the anatase (101) surface had a smaller band gap than bulk anatase. Thus, it can absorb the laser radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm that is used in the experimental setup. Part of the absorbed photon energy transfers into phonon energy, heating up the anatase phase, thus leading to the heating of the samples. Moreover, overheating of the samples indicates that the experimental method used in this study can lead to deviations in their real absolute temperature values.
Alkaline Ammonia Electrolysis on Electrodeposited Platinum for Controllable Hydrogen Production
Authors: Gwak Jieun , Choun Myounghoon , Lee Jaeyoung 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAmmonia is beginning to attract a great deal of attention as an alternative energy source carrier, because clean hydrogen can be produced through electrolytic processes without the emission of COx. In this study, we deposited various shapes of Pt catalysts under potentiostatic mode; the electrocatalytic oxidation behavior of ammonia using these catalysts was studied in alkaline media. The electrodeposited Pt was characterized by both qualitative and quantitative analysis. To discover the optimal structure and the effect of ammonia concentration, the bulk pH value, reaction temperature, and applied current of ammonia oxidation were investigated using potential sweep and galvanostatic methods. Finally, ammonia electrolysis was conducted using a zero‐gap cell, producing highly pure hydrogen with an energy efficiency over 80 %.
Manganese Complexes of Pyrrole‐ and ­Indolecarboxamide Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, Electrochemistry, and Applications in Oxidative and Lewis‐Acid‐­Assisted Catalysis
Authors: Yadav Sunil , Kumar Sushil , Gupta Rajeev 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis work shows the synthesis and structural, spectroscopic, and electrochemical properties of MnIII complexes supported with pyrrole‐ and indolecarboxamide ligands. In all cases, the respective ligand constitutes a N4 coordination sphere about the MnIII ion. The MnIII complexes of pyrrolecarboxamide ligands are square pyramidal with a fifth Cl atom, whereas analogous complexes of indolecarboxamide ligands are essentially square planar. Electrochemical studies reveal highly negative MnIII/II and moderately positive MnIV/III redox potentials. In situ generated Mn4+ species of the pyrrolecarboxamide ligands were characterized by absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. All complexes functioned as catalysts in olefin epoxidation reactions by using PhIO as the oxo‐transfer agent. All complexes also acted as Lewis acid catalysts for ring‐opening reactions of assorted epoxides with various nucleophiles. We also show a one‐pot, two‐step epoxidation reaction followed by ring opening, which illustrates the catalytic significance of the present complexes. Importantly, MnIII complexes carrying electron‐donating substituents on the ligand were found to be better catalysts.
Solanum sessiliflorum (mana‐cubiu) antioxidant protective effect toward cholesterol oxidation: Influence of docosahexaenoic acid
Authors: Barriuso Blanca , Mariutti Lilian Regina Barros , Ansorena Diana , Astiasarán Iciar , Bragagnolo Neura 
Published: November 2015

Harmful health effects have been attributed to cholesterol oxidation products (COPs). Factors that modulate their formation in foods are light, oxygen, heat, and food matrix (such as antioxidants content or unsaturation degree of lipids), among others. The objective of this work was to assess the effectiveness of an extract obtained from Solanum sessiliflorum (mana‐cubiu) (MCE) as a potential inhibitor of cholesterol oxidation under heating conditions. The influence of free DHA presence in the system was also evaluated. Results showed that MCE inhibited cholesterol degradation (44 vs. 18% without and with MCE, respectively) and reduced ninefold COPs formation in the absence of DHA. However, when DHA was present, the MCE was not effective toward cholesterol oxidation. In this case, MCE showed its antioxidant effect protecting DHA from degradation (89 vs. 64%).Practical applications: Antioxidant properties of this solvent free natural extract make MCE a potential good ingredient in food products containing highly polyunsaturated lipids to protect them from oxidation and in food products lacking polyunsaturated lipids to protect cholesterol from oxidation.Mana‐cubiu inhibits cholesterol oxidation in absence of DHA.
Direct quantitative indices for ripening of olive oil fruits to predict harvest time
Authors: Trapani Serena , Migliorini Marzia , Cherubini Chiara , Cecchi Lorenzo , Canuti Valentina , Fia Giovanna , Zanoni Bruno 
Published: November 2015

The aim of this work was both the monitoring of selected indices, directly connected to biochemical phenomena of olive oil fruit ripening, and the processing of experimental results to choose the most appropriate harvesting time for olives. Two different olive cultivars (Frantoio and Moraiolo) in two different olive orchards were studied, picking olives by hand once a week from the beginning of September to the beginning of December. Olive samples were analyzed for average weight, pulp/stone ratio, and Maturity Index. A homogeneous batch of olives was crushed, and the olive paste was used for the measurement of water, oil, sugar, and phenolic compounds contents in olive oil fruits. Formally similar kinetics of oil and sugar contents were obtained for both studied cultivars and orchards. Oil contents showed an increasing sigmoidal trend tending to an asymptote; sugar contents showed an opposite behavior with a decreasing sigmoidal trend tending to an asymptote. The total phenolic compounds content showed a decreasing trend during ripening. The secoiridoids oleuropein aglycon and oleuropein were among the most abundant phenolic compounds. Their contents showed a linear decrease during olive ripening, modelled by a significant pseudo‐zero order kinetics; trends were cultivar‐dependent, though similar for both orchards.Practical applications: Both monitoring and processing of chemical ripening indices in olive oil fruits may be useful to define an adequate ripening degree and to predict harvest time. Modeling of oil and sugar content kinetics during ripening may improve the prediction approach to harvesting time of olive oil fruits, as compared to the common Maturity Index method. For instance, the harvest target of maximizing processing yield may be attained on the basis of the following phenomenological evidence: A constant maximum value for oil content corresponds to attainment of a constant minimum value of sugar content. A sensible choice of the most appropriate harvesting time for olives may be made by performing a combined evaluation of kinetics for oil, sugar, and phenolic compounds contents. An example to understand how a change in harvesting time may affect olive composition and, potentially, the quality of oil to be extracted, was reported in this paper.An example of combined kinetic trends of the sugar (·····), oil (—), and oleuropein (‐‐‐‐) contents to choose the harvesting time of olive oil fruits for Frantoio cultivar on one of the orchards studied.
Boron‐chelating fluorescent probe (BOPB) in the red region combined with CE‐LIF for the detection of NO in mice liver
Authors: Chen Jian‐Bo , Zhang Hui‐Xian , Guo Xiao‐Feng , Wang Hong , Zhang Hua‐Shan 
Published: November 2015

Precise measurement of nitric oxide (NO) is of great importance to understand the function of NO in liver and the mechanism of liver injury. 8‐(3’,4’‐Diamino phenyl)‐3,5‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐dimethylene pyrrole (BOPB), a fluorescent probe in the red region (>600 nm) newly developed in our group, has good photostability and excitation/emission wavelength of 622/643 nm matching well with commercial 635 nm semiconductor laser of CE‐LIF detection. Therefore, BOPB was used in CE‐LIF for the determination of NO in mice liver. Both derivatization and separation conditions were optimized. Derivatization reaction of BOPB and NO was carried out in pH 7.4 PBS buffer at 35°C for 12 min and the separation of NO derivative of BOPB (BOPB‐T) was achieved within 7.0 min in pH 9.0 running buffer containing 15 mM H3BO3–NaOH and 15 mM SDS. Good linearity was found in the range of 1.0 × 10−9–5.0 × 10−7 M with the LOD of 0.02 nM. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of NO in real samples, and NO concentration was obviously increased in acute liver injury of mice. Compared to existing derivatization‐based CE‐LIF methods for NO, this method has lower LOD and less background interference owing to detection wavelength of BOPB in the red region.
Free‐Standing SnO2/Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Films as High‐Performance Binder‐Free Electrodes for Flexible Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fan Hua , Liang Junfei , Zheng Jinlong , Qi Juanjuan , Yang Jie , Hu Pengfei , Zhao Hewei , Liu Juzhe , Guo Lin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIt is currently urgent to develop flexible lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) because of the growing interest and strong market demand of flexible or bendable electronics. However, the large‐scale use of flexible LIBs is mainly limited by our capability to fabricate high‐performance flexible electrodes. Here, we develop a facile, cost‐efficient, and eco‐friendly strategy to prepare flexible SnO2/nitrogen‐doped graphene films (SNGFs) for LIBs. Significantly, the obtained binder‐free, conducting agent‐free, and current collector‐free flexible electrodes exhibited high capacity, excellent cycling stability, and superior rate capability. The outstanding Li storage performance of the SNGF is primarily ascribed to its specific structure, and indicates its great potential as an anode material for flexible LIBs. Our new approach for the fabrication of flexible electrodes can be applied to various other electrode materials, which may be useful in flexible or bendable energy storage devices.
The Information Content of Intraday Implied Volatility for Volatility Forecasting
Authors: Wang Yaw‐Huei , Wang Yun‐Yi 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis study examines the intraday S&P 500 implied volatility index (VIX) to determine when the index contains the most information for volatility forecasting. The findings indicate that, in general, VIX levels around noon are most informative for predicting realized volatility. We posit that the VIX performs better during this time period because trading motivation around noon is less complex, and therefore trades contain more information on the market expectation of future volatility. Further investigation on the 2008 financial crisis period suggests that market participants become more cautious, and thus the forecasting performance is sustained until the market's close. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linkages Between the US and European Stock Markets: A Fractional Cointegration Approach
Authors: Caporale Guglielmo Maria , Gil‐Alana Luis A. , Orlando James C. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper analyses the long‐memory properties of US and European stock indices, as well as their linkages, using fractional integration and fractional cointegration techniques. These methods are more general and have higher power than the standard ones usually employed in the literature. The empirical evidence based on them suggests the presence of unit roots in both the Standard and Poor's 500 Index and the Euro Stoxx 50 Index. Also, fractional cointegration appears to hold at least for the subsample from December 1996 to March 2009 ending when the global financial crisis was still severe; subsequently, the US and European stock markets diverged and followed different recovery paths, possibly as a result of various factors such as diverging growth and monetary policy. Establishing whether the degree of cointegration has changed over time is important because past literature has shown that diversification benefits arise when markets are not cointegrated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CTAB enhancement of FRET in DNA structures
Authors: Oh Taeseok , Takahashi Tsukasa , Kim Sejung , Heller Michael J. 
Published: November 2015

The effect of cetyl‐trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on enhancing the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two dye‐conjugated DNA strands was studied using fluorescence emission spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). For hybridized DNA where one strand is conjugated with a TAMRA donor and the other with a TexasRed acceptor, increasing the concentration of CTAB changes the fluorescence emission properties and improves the FRET transfer efficiency through changes in the polarity of the solvent, neutralization of the DNA backbone and micelle formation. For the DNA FRET system without CTAB, the DNA hybridization leads to contact quenching between TAMRA donor and TexasRed acceptor producing reduced donor emission and only a small increase in acceptor emission. At 50 µM CTAB, however, the sheathing and neutralization of the dye‐conjugated dsDNA structure significantly reduces quenching by DNA bases and dye interactions, producing a large increase in FRET efficiency, which is almost four fold higher than without CTAB.
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MRI‐determined liver proton density fat fraction, with MRS validation: Comparison of regions of interest sampling methods in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Vu Kim‐Nhien , Gilbert Guillaume , Chalut Marianne , Chagnon Miguel , Chartrand Gabriel , Tang An 
Published: November 2015

PurposeTo assess the agreement between published magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based regions of interest (ROI) sampling methods using liver mean proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as the reference standard.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective, internal review board‐approved study was conducted in 35 patients with type 2 diabetes. Liver PDFF was measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) using a stimulated‐echo acquisition mode sequence and MRI using a multiecho spoiled gradient‐recalled echo sequence at 3.0T. ROI sampling methods reported in the literature were reproduced and liver mean PDFF obtained by whole‐liver segmentation was used as the reference standard. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Bland–Altman analysis, repeated‐measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and paired t‐tests were performed.ResultsICC between MRS and MRI‐PDFF was 0.916. Bland–Altman analysis showed excellent intermethod agreement with a bias of –1.5 ± 2.8%. The repeated‐measures ANOVA found no systematic variation of PDFF among the nine liver segments. The correlation between liver mean PDFF and ROI sampling methods was very good to excellent (0.873 to 0.975). Paired t‐tests revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) with ROI sampling methods that exclusively or predominantly sampled the right lobe. Significant correlations with mean PDFF were found with sampling methods that included higher number of segments, total area equal or larger than 5 cm2, or sampled both lobes (P = 0.001, 0.023, and 0.002, respectively).ConclusionMRI‐PDFF quantification methods should sample each liver segment in both lobes and include a total surface area equal or larger than 5 cm2 to provide a close estimate of the liver mean PDFF. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;43:1090–1099.
Efficient computation of the surface fields of a horizontal magnetic dipole located at the air‐ground interface
Authors: Parise M. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryIn this paper, the classic problem of determining the fields of a vertically oriented current‐carrying small circular‐loop antenna located near a plane air–earth boundary is revisited. It is well known that the Sommerfeld integrals describing the field components generated by the loop source cannot be exactly evaluated and that their numerical integration is made difficult by the presence of highly oscillatory terms in the integrands. Here, for both source and observation points on the interface, a rigorous method is developed that allows analytical integration of the Sommerfeld integrals, providing fast‐convergent series representations for the surface fields. The obtained formulas permit to overcome all the drawbacks of the previously published approximate solutions to this problem, and to avoid the necessity of using purely numerical approaches when high computational accuracy is required. At the same time, the proposed series representations constitute an analytical benchmark for numerical procedures employed to solve electromagnetic boundary value problems, with applications in antenna design and close‐to‐the‐surface communication. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Got milk? Workplace factors related to breastfeeding among working mothers
Authors: Spitzmueller Christiane , Wang Zhuxi , Zhang Jing , Thomas Candice L. , Fisher Gwenith G. , Matthews Russell A. , Strathearn Lane 
Published: November 2015

SummaryThe American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that women breastfeed because of improved health outcomes for mothers and children. Because maternal employment during the first year of the child's life has been identified as a reason for breastfeeding cessation, we develop and test a role‐theory‐based framework to explain women's continuation of breastfeeding after return to work (Study 1) and report results of an exploratory study linking breastfeeding at work with job attitudes and well‐being (Study 2). Applying survival analysis to a longitudinal dataset gathered by the Centers for Disease Control (Study 1), we identify pregnant women's perceived employer support for breastfeeding as a predictor of women's breastfeeding goal intentions. Supervisors' negative workplace remarks about breastfeeding related to an eightfold increase of women's likelihood to discontinue exclusive breastfeeding and perceived support for breastfeeding after return to work predicted exclusive breastfeeding continuation. Results of Study 2 suggest that women who return to work and continue breastfeeding experience more family‐to‐work conflict and overload than women who do not reconcile work and breastfeeding. Further, results of Study 2 provide preliminary evidence suggesting that perceptions of supervisor and coworker support for breastfeeding relate positively to general perceptions of organizational support and negatively to depressive symptoms. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disease homogeneity and treatment heterogeneity in idiopathic subglottic stenosis
Authors: Gelbard Alexander , Donovan Donald T. , Ongkasuwan Julina , Nouraei S.A.R. , Sandhu Guri , Benninger Michael S. , Bryson Paul C. , Lorenz Robert R. , Tierney William S. , Hillel Alexander T. , Gadkaree Shekhar K. , Lott David G. , Edell Eric S. , Ekbom Dale C. , Kasperbauer Jan L. , Maldonado Fabien , Schindler Joshua S. , Smith Marshall E. , Daniero James J. , Garrett C. Gaelyn , Netterville James L. , Rickman Otis B. , Sinard Robert J. , Wootten Christopher T. , Francis David O. 
Published: November 2015

Objectives/HypothesisIdiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) is a rare and potentially life‐threatening disease marked by recurrent and progressive airway obstruction frequently requiring repeated surgery to stabilize the airway. Unknown etiology and low disease prevalence have limited the ability to characterize the natural history of iSGS and resulted in variability in surgical management. It is uncertain how this variation relates to clinical outcomes.Study DesignMedical record abstraction.MethodsUtilizing an international, multi‐institutional collaborative, we collected retrospective data on patient characteristics, treatment, and clinical outcomes. We investigated variation between and within open and endoscopic treatment approaches and assessed therapeutic outcomes; specifically, disease recurrence and need for tracheostomy at last follow‐up.ResultsStrikingly, 479 iSGS patients across 10 participating centers were nearly exclusively female (98%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 96.1–99.6), Caucasian (95%, 95% CI, 92.2–98.8), and otherwise healthy (mean age‐adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index 1.5; 95% CI, 1.44–1.69). The patients presented at a mean age of 50 years (95% CI, 48.8–51.1). A total of 80.2% were managed endoscopically, whereas 19.8% underwent open reconstruction. Endoscopic surgery had a significantly higher rate of disease recurrence than the open approach (chi2 = 4.09, P = 0.043). Tracheostomy was avoided in 97% of patients irrespective of surgical approach (95% CI, 94.5–99.8). Interestingly, there were outliers in rates of disease recurrence between centers using similar treatment approaches.ConclusionIdiopathic subglottic stenosis patients are surprisingly homogeneous. The heterogeneity of treatment approaches and the observed outliers in disease recurrence rates between centers raises the potential for improved clinical outcomes through a detailed understanding of the processes of care.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:1390–1396, 2016
Verification of the French operational high‐resolution model AROME with the regional Brier probability score
Authors: Amodei Marielle , Sanchez Isabelle , Stein Joël 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTOne composite index of the Météo‐France AROME high‐resolution forecast model results from the quantitative comparison of forecast rainfall and wind gusts with observations from surface stations. It is based on the regional Brier probability score in order to take into account some tolerance about the positions of storm structures. This approach is necessary to validate the added benefit of the AROME model compared with lower‐resolution models. This index is used to monitor the continuous model improvements and the history of the last 4 years allows the impact of the successive upgrades of this operational model to be followed. The use of the normalization of models scores by persistence forecast scores enables most of the inter‐annual variability to be removed.
Effectiveness of short‐term numerical weather prediction in predicting growing degree days and meteorological conditions for apple scab appearance
Authors: Lalic Branislava , Francia Maria , Eitzinger Josef , Podraščanin Zorica , Arsenić Ilija 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThis study assesses the effectiveness of short‐term numerical weather prediction (NWP) in predicting the accumulation of growing degree days (GDDs) and meteorological conditions for apple scab appearance. Apple scab is the most frequent and harmful apple disease caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis. Using the 30 days of NWP weather forecast and observed data for March 2011, representative data sets based on 24, 48, 72 and 96 h forecasts were designed. The results obtained for four lowland locations in Serbia and one slightly hilly location in Austria indicate that, on a monthly basis, there is a relative deviation of up to 20% in the GDD predictions above 0 °C and a 40% relative deviation in the GDD predictions above 5 °C. In contrast to the slightly hilly location, the apple scab appearance predictions based on the NWP in lowland locations correspond well with the results obtained using observed meteorological data. This indicates that short‐term NWP is potentially effective in predicting apple scab appearance and has a slight advantage in lowland regions.