bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Perspective of Solid-State Fermented Olive Leaves for High-Added Value Applications
Authors: Sar Taner , Pyrka Ioanna , Taherzadeh Mohammad J. , Nenadis Nikolaos , Mantzouridou Fani Th 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The effect of solid-state fermentation (SSF), employing different microbial strains (single or co-cultured), to the chemical composition of olive leaves (OL) and the possible perspectives of the derived material for high added-value applications was explored.

Methods
Emphasis was given on bioactives (oleuropein, OLE, hydroxytyrosol, HT, elenolic acid (EA) related compounds, maslinic (MA) and oleanolic (OA) acids). In parallel, the levels of other chemical components with nutritional/antinutritional interest for feed application and certain minerals were also measured.

Results
A gradual decrease in OLE and an EA derivative till their complete loss was found. HT progressively increased and then consumed reaching low levels. MA and OA were unaffected. A. niger resulted in the highest formation of HT (1 mg/g dw), and the lowest loss of OL antioxidant potential (13.8% at 72 h). Varying levels of protein production were observed potentially improving their nutritional value.

Conclusion
The study demonstrated that fermented OL significantly altered phenolic compounds, particularly OLE and HT, and maintained triterpenic acids such as MA and OA. Despite reductions in certain phenolics, fermented OL showed improved nutritional profiles, particularly in protein content and antioxidant potential, suggesting their potential for added-value applications in various industrial sectors, including animal feed. To our knowledge this is the first time that the co-cultures selected in the present study were employed for OL SSF and that under all conditions examined the triterpentic acids MA and OA were the dominant bioactives despite some improvements in HT formation

Graphical Abstract
Wissenschaftskommunikation in der Sportwissenschaft
Authors: Zimmermann Hannah , von Haaren-Mack Birte , Niermann Christina , Bös Klaus 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Studie soll mit einem Fokus auf die deutsche Sportwissenschaft erstmalig untersucht werden, wie Sportwissenschaftler*innen verschiedener Karrierestufen (Prä-Doc, Post-Doc, Professor*innen) ihr Engagement in der Wissenschaftskommunikation einschätzen, welche Einstellungen sie diesbezüglich haben und mit welchen Barrieren sie dabei konfrontiert sind. Mithilfe einer Online-Befragung von 154 Sportwissenschaftler*innen wurde der Ist-Zustand erfasst. Als Grundlage der Untersuchung diente die bislang einzige nationale Befragung von Wissenschaftler*innen in Bezug auf ihre Aktivitäten in der Wissenschaftskommunikation von den Institutionen Wissenschaft im Dialog (WiD), dem Deutschen Zentrum für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsforschung (DZHW) und dem Nationalen Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation (NaWik) aus dem Jahre 2020, deren Ergebnisse mit den Ergebnissen der vorliegenden Studie verglichen werden. Die Sportwissenschaftler*innen nutzen die klassischen Formate seltener als die Teilnehmenden der Original-Befragung, die Online-Kanäle hingegen häufiger, allerdings auf niedrigem Niveau. Insgesamt kommuniziert die Sportwissenschaft trotz positiver Einstellung bisher begrenzt. Besonders fehlende Zeit und mangelnde Ressourcen wurden von den Sportwissenschaftler*innen ebenso wie von den Teilnehmenden der Original-Befragung als Barrieren wahrgenommen. Bei der Betrachtung der Statusgruppen zeigten sich deutliche Unterschiede in der Nutzung der Formate und Online-Kanäle, aber auch in der Einstellung gegenüber der Wissenschaftskommunikation und den wahrgenommenen Barrieren. Die Ergebnisse bieten Einblicke für die Entwicklung von Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Wissenschaftskommunikation, insbesondere für Nachwuchswissenschaftler*innen. Wissenschaftskommunikation sollte nicht als Zusatzaufgabe betrachtet werden, sondern als integraler Bestandteil der Arbeit, der angemessen honoriert werden muss. Denn durch Wissenschaftskommunikation kann der zwingend notwendige Wissenschafts-Praxis-Transfer gefördert werden. Gerade sportwissenschaftliche Themen wie unter anderem die Förderung eines aktiven Lebensstils oder auch die Aufklärung von Fitness-Märchen sind von gesellschaftlichem Interesse und haben damit ein großes Potenzial, kommuniziert zu werden.
The Relationship Between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Panel Data Analysis by Country Groups
Authors: Uçan Okyay , Turgut Ecem , Berkman Ayberk Nuri 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the relationship between energy consumption (EC) and economic growth (EG). Mostly, the relationship between energy and economic growth has been analyzed in certain country groups, whereas in this study, three different country groups were considered and compared. To this end, countries were categorized into three different groups, such as low-income developing, emerging market, and middle-income, and advanced economies. Thus, it was revealed whether the results varied across country groups. Ten country samples from each country group and a total of 30 country samples were utilized. The data of both EG and EC obtained over the period 1990–2022 were utilized. A panel LM test was performed to analyze the relationship between variables. As a result of the test, although a cointegration relationship existed between EG and EC in low-income developing countries, no cointegration relationship was found in emerging markets, and middle-income, or advanced economies. Therefore, it was concluded that the relationship between EC and EG might have varied according to the development levels of the countries. In addition, empirical evidence confirmed that a unilateral causality from EG to EC was determined only in low-income developing countries. These empirical insights are of particular interest to policymakers as they help to build substantial economic policies to sustain economic development.
How do different interpretations work together in a single scientific explanatory project? A case study of the Olami-Feder-Christensen model of earthquakes
Authors: Bobadilla Hernán 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInterpretation plays a central role in using scientific models to explain natural phenomena: Meaning must be bestowed upon a model in terms of what it is and what it represents to be used for model explanations. However, it remains unclear how capacious and complex interpretation in models can be, particularly when conducted by the same group of scientists in the context of one explanatory project. This paper sheds light upon this question by examining modelling and explanatory practices related to the Olami-Feder-Christensen model of earthquakes. This case study shows that various interpretations are intricately connected in the overall meaning of a model used for model explanations. This leads to a manifold picture of interpretation, according to which scientific models are construed as networks of interconnected meanings. As scientists ponder and integrate these various interpretations, guided by locally attended epistemic interests, they achieve model explanations with layers of content, both in their explanantia and explananda.
Temperatures and hypolimnetic oxygen in German lakes: Observations, future trends and adaptation potential
Authors: Schwefel Robert , Nkwalale Lipa G. T. , Jordan Sylvia , Rinke Karsten , Hupfer Michael 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We investigated trends in temperature, stratification, and hypolimnetic oxygen concentration of German lakes under climate change using observational data and hydrodynamic modelling. Observations from 46 lakes revealed that annually averaged surface temperatures increased by + 0.5 °C between 1990 and 2020 while bottom temperatures remained almost constant. Modelling of 12 lakes predicted further increases in surface temperatures by 0.3 °C/decade until the year 2099 in the most pessimistic emission scenario RCP 8.5 (RCP 4.5: + 0.18 °C/decade; RCP 2.6: + 0.04 °C/decade). Again, bottom temperatures increased much less while summer stratification extended by up to 38 days. Using a simplified oxygen model, we showed that hypolimnetic oxygen concentrations decreased by 0.7–1.9 mg L−1 in response to the extended stratification period. However, model runs assuming lower productivity (e. g. through nutrient reduction) resulted in increased oxygen concentrations even in the most pessimistic emission scenario. Our results suggest that the negative effects of climate change on the oxygen budget of lakes can be efficiently mitigated by nutrient control.
Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and elastosonography in thyroid nodule: diagnostic value in a real-time cohort
Authors: Negroni Davide , Maddalena Gaetano , Bono Romina , Abruzzese Flavia , Cesano Sara , Conte Patrizio , Airoldi Chiara , Neri Pierluigi , Carriero Alessandro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
In clinical practice, thyroid nodules are classified according to TI-RADS by B-mode and color-flow Doppler study. The aim of the study is to evaluate the possible added value of Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and elastosonography in the stratification of malignancy risk of thyroid nodules.

Methods
All patients with thyroid nodules who were candidates for needle aspiration were enrolled. Experienced operators performed a standard examination with TI-RADS calculation, followed by SMI and elastosonography on the nodules. The needle aspiration outcome was used as the gold standard. Statistical analysis calculated the ROC curves of the techniques applied individually and serially.

Results
In this prospective study, we analysed 260 nodules, found in 251 patients (mean age 58.6 yo ± 14). 11.2% were TI-RADS 1, 18.9% TI-RADS 2, 41.1% TI-RADS 3, 28.1% TI-RADS 4, and 0.8% TI-RADS 5.
The SMI technique showed an AUC of 0.57 (95% CI 0.49; 0.66) while elastosonography had an AUC of 0.58 (95% CI 0.49; 0.67) when used individually. SMI together with elastosonography had AUC of 0.62 (95% CI 0.52; 0.71). TI-RADS had AUC of 0.67 (95% CI 0.59; 0.75). SMI and elastosonography applied together with TI-RADS had AUC of 0.69 (95% CI 0.61; 0.77).

Conclusion
In the real-world cohort of patients, the SMI technique and elastosonography slightly increase the AUC of TI-RADS. Taken individually, SMI and elastosonography do not have a very strong AUC.
The effect of ethanol fuel dilution on oil performance and MoDTC tribofilms formation and composition
Authors: Ruiz-Acero Juan , Kessler Felipe , Costa Henara , Cousseau Tiago 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEthanol has emerged as a promising alternative to fossil fuels, but its use can lead to significant dilution in lubricants, particularly during cold start or heavy traffic. This dilution can affect the performance of additives, including friction modifiers like molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC), which are designed to reduce friction under extreme contact conditions. Prior research suggests that ethanol may impact the performance of MoDTC, prompting this study’s goal to investigate the effects of ethanol on MoDTC tribofilms and their friction response under boundary lubrication conditions. Therefore, reciprocating tribological tests were performed with fully formulated lubricants containing MoDTC with varying ethanol concentrations. The results indicate that a critical ethanol dilution level inhibits friction reduction by MoDTC activation, resulting in friction coefficients (COFs) similar to the base oil. Surfaces tested with simple mixtures of polyalphaolefin (PAO) + MoDTC showed increased COFs with added ethanol. Analysis of tested surfaces using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy near the edge structure (XANES) revealed the presence of sulfates, MoO3, MoS2, and MoSxOy compounds in the tribofilms formed on the surfaces, with and without ethanol diluted in the lubricant. However, the addition of ethanol increased the sulfates and MoO3 content of the tribofilms at the expense of friction-reducing compounds such as MoS2 and MoSxOy. These findings suggest that ethanol dilution in lubricants containing MoDTC creates an oxygen-rich interfacial medium that favors the formation of compounds with insufficient friction-reducing capabilities.
Factors Influencing Virtual Reality Sickness in Emergency Simulation Training
Authors: Firdaus Riyadh , Tantri Aida Rosita , Manggala Sidharta Kusuma 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Virtual reality-based simulation is an educational tool that has been proven to increase participants’ self-perceived, confidence, and skill. However, the use of VR is associated with virtual reality sickness (VRS). The purpose of this study is to determine related factors of VRS in an emergency setting simulation-based training, hence providing information and mitigation plan to enhance and optimize learning outcomes.

Method
We developed multiplayer VR simulation in Traumatic Brain Injury and Local Anaesthetic Systemic Toxicity emergency. Seventy-five medical doctors voluntarily partake in the VR simulation. Throughout the simulation and its aftermath, participants were carefully monitored and observed. Additionally, they were questioned regarding their experience of VRS using the Simulation Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) instrument.

Result
The incidence of virtual reality sickness was found to be 57.3% and is significantly associated with male gender, myopia, astigmatism, and the use of stationary VR mode (p<0.05). The mean SSQ score for nausea, oculomotor, disorientation, and total score component is 5.97 (standard deviation (SD): 6.4), 6.26 (SD 6.5), 125.6 (SD 132), and 9.03 (SD 9.5), respectively. There were 16% of participant experiencing severe symptoms of VRS.

Conclusion
Male gender, myopia, astigmatism, and the use of stationary VR mode were related with incidence of virtual reality sickness. VR activities in either room-scale or walking mode and appropriate correction of any refractive disorders are pivotal to prevent VRS in VR simulation training.
Paths to Autonomous Motivation and Well-being: Understanding the Contribution of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction in Health Professions Students
Authors: Zhu Yuanyuan , Dolmans Diana , Köhler S. Eleonore , Kusurkar Rashmi A. , Abidi Latifa , Savelberg Hans 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Undergraduate students enrolled in Health Professions (HP) programs may experience challenges related to motivation and well-being. According to Self-Determination Theory, learning environments that support the three basic psychological needs (needs for autonomy, relatedness, competence) foster students’ autonomous motivation and well-being. Little is known about the associations between basic psychological needs satisfaction, autonomous motivation, and well-being in the HP domain and how they relate to one another in an integrative model. This study assesses the associations of the path “basic psychological needs satisfaction-autonomous motivation-well-being” within HP.

Methods
We invited first-year students in the field of HP (N = 850) to fill out an electronic survey, measuring the satisfaction of each basic psychological need, autonomous motivation, and well-being and performed structural equation modelling to examine the paths between these variables.

Results
In total, 202 students completed the survey (response rate 23.8%). Our model had an acceptable model fit: CFI = 0.924, TLI = 0.916, RMSEA = 0.052, SRMR = 0.057, chi-square test of model fit = 688.678 (p < .001). Autonomy satisfaction was directly and positively associated with autonomous motivation. The satisfaction of relatedness and competence was directly and positively associated with well-being, and each of them explained approximately the same degree of strength in well-being. Autonomous motivation did not have a direct effect on well-being.

Conclusion
When students perceived their programs as autonomy supportive, they might develop higher autonomous motivation. Fostering students’ relatedness and competence might enhance students’ well-being. Teachers and curriculum designers can consider developing learning environments that support students’ autonomy, relatedness, and competence.
Laser-based bending of low-E coated flat glass: a comparative experimental study
Authors: Bolakhrif Najoua , Mee Sandra , Pauly Thomas , Baab Adrian , Rist Tobias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe bending of glass allows architectural freedom of design and at the same time to offer ecological and economical sustainable advantages through material-appropriate design. Coated low-emissivity and uncoated glass were treated using our innovative laser-induced bending technique. The microstructure and spectral properties of coated low-emissivity and uncoated glass were analysed by scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometry. Due to the anisotropy of coated glass, the reflective property significantly impacts the bending process dependent on the side exposed to the laser. If the laser-based bending is focused on the uncoated side of low-emissivity glass, a faster bending process compared to the uncoated glass is observed while maintaining the same laser power. The reflective properties of low-emissivity glass are maintained after the bending process. The near infrared reflectance of low-emissivity glass remains about 50% higher than uncoated glass. This study presents the laser-based glass bending technology as fit for purpose and proves the applicability of coated bent glass for architectural purposes.
Multi-level analysis of access to drinking water in rural communes in the south of the Kaffrine region, Senegal
Authors: Fall Mamadou , Kane Coura , Niang Awa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn Senegal, there are disparities in access to drinking water at several levels. There are major differences between urban and rural areas. In rural areas, poverty, the abundance or scarcity of water infrastructure, and the distance between the place of residence and the place of supply are, to some extent, factors in the disparity in rates of access to drinking water from one village to another and, within the same village, from one household to another. Determining the sources of variance between villages and households regarding access to drinking water is based on the identification of several explanatory variables, both at the aggregate level (village level) and at the individual level (household level). Multilevel analysis has shown that differences in household access to drinking water are due to several factors that can be grouped into two categories: contextual variables that vary from one village to another, and individual characteristics that differ from one household to another. The aim of this article is to analyze the factors that explain the disparity in access to drinking water in rural communes in the south of the Kaffrine region. The usefulness of multilevel analysis lies in its ability to solidify causal inference in the associations between the infrastructural levels of villages, in terms of water facilities, and their impact on the level of access to drinking water of rural households as reported (Bringe and Golaz in Manuel pratique d’analyse multiniveau, Ined Éditions, Aubervilliers, 2017), as reported (Diane et al., in Analyse multiniveau pour expliquer la prévalence d’impacts sanitaires néfastes autorapportés et l’adaptation lorsqu’il fait très chaud et humide en été dans les secteurs les plus défavorisés des neuf villes les plus populeuses du Québec en 2011, 2015).
Exogenous application of citric acid mitigates salt-induced oxidative stress in Moringa oleifera seedlings
Authors: Hajaji Afef Nasraoui , Maaroufi-Dguimi Houda , Ammari Youssef 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSeeds of Moringa oleifera were planted in sandy and vermicular soil (1/2 w/w) and irrigated with Hoagland solution. Two weeks later, the seedlings were divided into three groups: The first group was irrigated with a control solution (Hoagland solution), the second with a salt solution (10 g/l NaCl) and the third group with a mixed solution (10 g/l NaCl and 100 mM citric acid (CA)). Salinity induced a substantial inhibitory effect on seedling growth of Moringa oleifera. Salt treatment reduced shoot fresh weight (FW), the content of photosynthetic pigments and total soluble proteins (SP). Furthermore, salt treatment resulted in accumulation of total free amino acids, soluble sugars and proline. CA supply in saline solution improved shoot growth, and photosynthetic pigment and soluble proteins levels. The important content of citric acid in leaves was accompanied with a decrease of total free amino acids, soluble sugar and proline contents. More that, exogenous application of citric acid led to a decrease of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, reflecting the reduction in the imbalance situation and membrane damage induced by salt stress. Alternatively, citric acid supply in saline conditions reduced the rise of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities induced under salinity. Citric acid enhanced the growth rate of salt-treated Moringa oleifera via enhancing antioxidant function. Consequently, citric acid treatment may be a promising method for improving Moringa oleifera plants’ tolerance to salt stress.
Comprehensive modeling and simulation of photovoltaic system performance by using matlab/simulink: integrating dynamic meteorological parameters for enhanced accuracy
Authors: Nfaoui Mohamed , Ihfa Fatima Ezzahra , Bougtaib Ayoub , Harfouf Amine El , Hayani-Mounir Sanaa , Bennai Mohamed , El-Hami Khalil 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudying the operation of photovoltaic panels in the presence of varying meteorological parameters is a complex undertaking that requires the development of models to understand the physical phenomena associated with different meteorological factors. The main aim of this study is to examine the impact of meteorological factors, such as illuminance, temperature, and wind speed, on the performance of photovoltaic modules. Our goal is to develop precise models that illustrate how these factors affect the output of a photovoltaic system at a specific location. To achieve this, we utilized a rigorously validated mathematical model, previously tested with photovoltaic simulation software such as PVsyst, enabling accurate prediction of photovoltaic installation output. We compared the results of our simulations, conducted with the chosen mathematical model, with those obtained from PVsyst software. Subsequently, we validated the accuracy of our proposed model using real operating conditions simulated by PVsyst. Additionally, we incorporated additional curves, not available in the PVsyst database, accounting for wind speed as a meteorological parameter.