bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redefinition of thalénite-(Y) and discreditation of fluorthalénite-(Y): A re-investigation of type material from the Österby pegmatite, Dalarna, Sweden, and from additional localities
Authors: Škoda Radek , Plášil Jakub , Jonsson Erik , Čopjaková Renata , Langhof Jörgen , Galiová Michaela Vašinová 
Published: September 2015

AbstractUsing type material from the Österby pegmatite in Dalarna, Sweden, the chemical composition and structural parameters of thalénite-(Y) [ideally Y3Si3O10(OH)] were examined by wavelength dispersive spectroscopy electron microprobe (WDS EMP) analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. High contrast back-scatter electron images of the Österby material show at least two generations of thalénite-(Y). The formula of the primary thalénite-(Y) normalized to 11 anions is (Y2.58Dy0.11Yb0.09Gd0.06Er0.06Ho0.02Sm0.02Tb0.02Lu0.02Nd0.01Tm0.01)Σ3.00Si3.01O10F0.97OH0.03. The secondary thalénite-(Y), replacing the primary material, is weakly enhanced in Y and depleted in the lightest and the heaviest rare-earth elements, yielding the formula (Y2.63Dy0.12Yb0.06Gd0.06Er0.05Ho0.02Sm0.02Tb0.02Tm0.01Nd0.01Lu0.01)Σ3.00Si3.01O10F0.98OH0.02. Structural data for thalénite-(Y) from Österby clearly indicate the monoclinic space group P21/n, with a = 7.3464(4), b = 11.1726(5), c = 10.4180(5) Å, β = 97.318(4)°, V = 848.13(7) Å3, Z = 4, which is consistent with previous investigations. The structure was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to R1 = 0.0371 for 1503 unique observed reflections, and the final chemical composition obtained from the refinement, (Y2.64Dy0.36)Σ3.00F0.987[Si3O10], Z = 4, is in good agreement with the empirical formula resulting from electron microprobe (EMP) analysis. Both techniques reveal a strong dominance of F over OH, which means that the type material actually corresponds to the fluorine analogue. Moreover, new EMP analyses of samples of thalénite-(Y) from an additional seven localities (Åskagen and Reunavare in Sweden; White Cloud and Snow Flake in Colorado, USA; the Guy Hazel claim in Arizona, USA; Suishoyama and Souri in Japan) clearly show the prevalence of F over OH as well. Based on these observations, the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association has recommended a redefinition of the chemical composition of thalénite-(Y) to represent the F-dominant species with the ideal formula Y3Si3O10F, as it has historical priority. Consequently, the later described fluorthalénite-(Y) has to be discredited.
Host-parasite coevolution in populations of constant and variable size
Authors: Song Yixian , Gokhale Chaitanya S , Papkou Andrei , Schulenburg Hinrich , Traulsen Arne 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe matching-allele and gene-for-gene models are widely used in mathematical approaches that study the dynamics of host-parasite interactions. Agrawal and Lively (Evolutionary Ecology Research 4:79–90, 2002) captured these two models in a single framework and numerically explored the associated time discrete dynamics of allele frequencies.ResultsHere, we present a detailed analytical investigation of this unifying framework in continuous time and provide a generalization. We extend the model to take into account changing population sizes, which result from the antagonistic nature of the interaction and follow the Lotka-Volterra equations. Under this extension, the population dynamics become most complex as the model moves away from pure matching-allele and becomes more gene-for-gene-like. While the population densities oscillate with a single oscillation frequency in the pure matching-allele model, a second oscillation frequency arises under gene-for-gene-like conditions. These observations hold for general interaction parameters and allow to infer generic patterns of the dynamics.ConclusionOur results suggest that experimentally inferred dynamical patterns of host-parasite coevolution should typically be much more complex than the popular illustrations of Red Queen dynamics. A single parasite that infects more than one host can substantially alter the cyclic dynamics.
Divergence and adaptive evolution of the gibberellin oxidase genes in plants
Authors: Huang Yuan , Wang Xi , Ge Song , Rao Guang-Yuan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe important phytohormone gibberellins (GAs) play key roles in various developmental processes. GA oxidases (GAoxs) are critical enzymes in GA synthesis pathway, but their classification, evolutionary history and the forces driving the evolution of plant GAox genes remain poorly understood.ResultsThis study provides the first large-scale evolutionary analysis of GAox genes in plants by using an extensive whole-genome dataset of 41 species, representing green algae, bryophytes, pteridophyte, and seed plants. We defined eight subfamilies under the GAox family, namely C19-GA2ox, C20-GA2ox, GA20ox,GA3ox, GAox-A, GAox-B, GAox-C and GAox-D. Of these, subfamilies GAox-A, GAox-B, GAox-C and GAox-D are described for the first time. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and characteristic motifs of GAox genes, we demonstrated a rapid expansion and functional divergence of the GAox genes during the diversification of land plants. We also detected the subfamily-specific motifs and potential sites of some GAox genes, which might have evolved under positive selection.ConclusionsGAox genes originated very early—before the divergence of bryophytes and the vascular plants and the diversification of GAox genes is associated with the functional divergence and could be driven by positive selection. Our study not only provides information on the classification of GAox genes, but also facilitates the further functional characterization and analysis of GA oxidases.
In silico evolution of diauxic growth
Authors: Chu Dominique F. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Background
The glucose effect is a well known phenomenon whereby cells, when presented with two different nutrients, show a diauxic growth pattern, i.e. an episode of exponential growth followed by a lag phase of reduced growth followed by a second phase of exponential growth. Diauxic growth is usually thought of as a an adaptation to maximise biomass production in an environment offering two or more carbon sources. While diauxic growth has been studied widely both experimentally and theoretically, the hypothesis that diauxic growth is a strategy to increase overall growth has remained an unconfirmed conjecture.

Methods
Here, we present a minimal mathematical model of a bacterial nutrient uptake system and metabolism. We subject this model to artificial evolution to test under which conditions diauxic growth evolves.

Results
As a result, we find that, indeed, sequential uptake of nutrients emerges if there is competition for nutrients and the metabolism/uptake system is capacity limited.

Discussion
However, we also find that diauxic growth is a secondary effect of this system and that the speed-up of nutrient uptake is a much larger effect. Notably, this speed-up of nutrient uptake coincides with an overall reduction of efficiency.

Conclusions
Our two main conclusions are: (i) Cells competing for the same nutrients evolve rapid but inefficient growth dynamics. (ii) In the deterministic models we use here no substantial lag-phase evolves. This suggests that the lag-phase is a consequence of stochastic gene expression.
Pre-differentiation of human neural stem cells into GABAergic neurons prior to transplant results in greater repopulation of the damaged brain and accelerates functional recovery after transient ischemic stroke
Authors: Abeysinghe Hima C. S. , Bokhari Laita , Quigley Anita , Choolani Mahesh , Chan Jerry , Dusting Gregory J. , Crook Jeremy M. , Kobayashi Nao R. , Roulston Carli L. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Despite attempts to prevent brain injury during the hyperacute phase of stroke, most sufferers end up with significant neuronal loss and functional deficits. The use of cell-based therapies to recover the injured brain offers new hope. In the current study, we employed human neural stem cells (hNSCs) isolated from subventricular zone (SVZ), and directed their differentiation into GABAergic neurons followed by transplantation to ischemic brain.

Methods
Pre-differentiated GABAergic neurons, undifferentiated SVZ-hNSCs or media alone were stereotaxically transplanted into the rat brain (n=7/group) 7 days after endothelin-1 induced stroke. Neurological outcome was assessed by neurological deficit scores and the cylinder test. Transplanted cell survival, cellular phenotype and maturation were assessed using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy.

Results
Behavioral assessments revealed accelerated improvements in motor function 7 days post-transplant in rats treated with pre-differentiated GABAergic cells in comparison to media alone and undifferentiated hNSC treated groups. Histopathology 28 days-post transplant indicated that pre-differentiated cells maintained their GABAergic neuronal phenotype, showed evidence of synaptogenesis and up-regulated expression of both GABA and calcium signaling proteins associated with neurotransmission. Rats treated with pre-differentiated cells also showed increased neurogenic activity within the SVZ at 28 days, suggesting an additional trophic role of these GABAergic cells. In contrast, undifferentiated SVZ-hNSCs predominantly differentiated into GFAP-positive astrocytes and appeared to be incorporated into the glial scar.

Conclusion
Our study is the first to show enhanced exogenous repopulation of a neuronal phenotype after stroke using techniques aimed at GABAergic cell induction prior to delivery that resulted in accelerated and improved functional recovery.
Mann iteration process for monotone nonexpansive mappings
Authors: Bin Dehaish Buthinah Abdullatif , Khamsi Mohamed Amine 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLet $(X,\|\cdot\|)$
(
X
,
∥
⋅
∥
)
be a Banach space. Let C be a nonempty, bounded, closed, and convex subset of X and $T: C \rightarrow C$
T
:
C
→
C
be a monotone nonexpansive mapping. In this paper, it is shown that a technique of Mann which is defined by
$$x_{n+1} = t_{n} T(x_{n}) + (1-t_{n})x_{n}, \quad n = 1, 2, \ldots, $$

x

n
+
1

=

t
n

T
(

x
n

)
+
(
1
−

t
n

)

x
n

,

n
=
1
,
2
,
…
,
is fruitful in finding a fixed point of monotone nonexpansive mappings.
Impacts of sustainable value and business stewardship on lifestyle practices in clothing consumption
Authors: Lee Stacy Hyun-Nam , Kim HaeJung , Yang Kiseol 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWith a rising interest in the sustainable issue on the part of society and industry, comprehending the dynamics of the sustainable phenomenon can empower marketers and researchers to devise effective marketing strategies and advance theoretical knowledge for the fashion and textile discipline. While consumer sustainable lifestyle practices and business stewardship implementation have been neglected in the fashion and textiles industries, this study aims to test the sustainable VALS framework by identifying the sustainable value and lifestyle practices, and examining the impacts of business stewardship on consumer sustainable practices. The results of the data (n = 239) from a US university identified feasible dimensions of sustainable value, lifestyle practices, and business stewardships. Upon testing multiple regression analysis for the sustainable VALS framework, all 12 hypotheses were supported to validate the significant impacts of sustainable values and business stewardship on the consumers’ practices of a sustainable lifestyle on fashion product consumption. Specifically, altruistic, openness to change, anthropocentrism, and ecocentrism values are of interest; and the business stewardship of eco-labels and CSR drives play pivotal roles in promoting consumers’ sustainable lifestyle practices.
In the eye of the neutrophil swarm—navigation signals that bring neutrophils together in inflamed and infected tissues
Authors: Lämmermann Tim 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Neutrophils are sentinel cells that express in higher vertebrates &gt;30 chemokine and chemoattractant receptors to sense and quickly react to tissue damage signals. Intravital microscopy studies in mouse models of wounding, inflammation, and infection have revealed that neutrophils form cell swarms at local sites of tissue injury and cell death. This swarming response is choreographed by chemokines, lipids, and other chemoattractants, controlling sequential phases of highly coordinated chemotaxis, intercellular signal relay, and cluster formation among neutrophils. This review will give a brief overview about the basic principles and key molecules that have led to the refined multistep model of how neutrophils come together to isolate sites of tissue injury and microbial invasion from healthy tissue. Whereas auto- and paracrine signaling among neutrophils during later phases of swarming can provide a level of self-organization for robust navigation in diverse inflammatory settings, guidance factors from primary tissue lesions, resident bystander cells, and dying cells regulate the initial phases of the swarming response. This review will discuss how the specific environmental context and mixture of attractants at the locally inflamed site can lead to variants of the multistep attraction model and influence the extent of neutrophil swarming, ranging from accumulations of only few individual cells to the aggregation of several hundreds of neutrophils, as found in abscesses. Given the critical roles of neutrophils in both host protection and tissue destruction, novel insights on neutrophil swarming might provide useful for the therapeutic modulation of neutrophil-dependent inflammatory processes.
Epirubicin Plus Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel Versus Epirubicin Plus Docetaxel Followed by Capecitabine As Adjuvant Therapy for Node-Positive Early Breast Cancer: Results From the GEICAM/2003-10 Study
Authors: Martín Miguel , Ruiz Simón Amparo , Ruiz Borrego Manuel , Ribelles Nuria , Rodríguez-Lescure Álvaro , Muñoz-Mateu Montserrat , González Sonia , Margelí Vila Mireia , Barnadas Agustí , Ramos Manuel , Del Barco Berron Sonia , Jara Carlos , Calvo Lourdes , Martínez-Jáñez Noelia , Mendiola Fernández César , Rodríguez César A. , Martínez de Dueñas Eduardo , Andrés Raquel , Plazaola Arrate , de la Haba-Rodríguez Juan , López-Vega Jose Manuel , Adrover Encarna , Ballesteros Ana Isabel , Santaballa Ana , Sánchez-Rovira Pedro , Baena-Cañada José M. , Casas Maribel , del Carmen Cámara María , Carrasco Eva Maria , Lluch Ana 
Published: September 2015

Purpose Capecitabine is an active drug in metastatic breast cancer (BC). GEICAM/2003-10 is an adjuvant trial to investigate the integration of capecitabine into a regimen of epirubicin and docetaxel for node-positive early BC. Patients and Methods Patients with operable node-positive BC (T1-3/N1-3) were eligible. After surgery, 1,384 patients were randomly assigned to receive epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide (EC; 90 and 600 mg/m2, respectively, × four cycles), followed by docetaxel (100 mg/m2 × four cycles; EC-T) or epirubicin plus docetaxel (ET; 90 and 75 mg/m2, respectively, × four cycles), followed by capecitabine (1,250 mg/m2 twice a day on days 1 to 14, × four cycles; ET-X); all regimens were given every 3 weeks. The primary end point was invasive disease-free survival. Secondary end points included safety (with an alopecia-specific study) and overall survival (OS). Results After a median follow-up of 6.6 years and 297 events, 86% of patients who received EC-T and 82% of those who received ET-X were invasive disease free at 5 years (hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.64; log-rank P = .03). The OS difference between arms was not statistically significant (hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.55; log-rank P = .46). The most frequent grade 3 to 4 adverse events in the EC-T versus ET-X arms were neutropenia (19% v 10%), with 7% febrile neutropenia across arms; fatigue (13% v 11%); diarrhea (3% v 11%); hand-foot syndrome (2% v 20%); mucositis (6% v 5%); vomiting (both, 5%); and myalgia (4.5% v 1%). Incomplete scalp hair recovery was more frequent in the EC-T than ET-X arm (30% v 14%), and patients who received EC-T wore wigs significantly longer than those who received ET-X (8.35 v 6.03 months). Conclusion Invasive disease-free survival, but not OS, was significantly superior for patients with node-positive early BC who received the adjuvant standard schedule EC-T than for those who received the experimental ET-X regimen. Toxicity profiles differed substantially across arms.
Labelling and imaging of single endogenous messenger RNA particlesin vivo
Authors: Spille Jan-Hendrik , Kubitscheck Ulrich 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTRNA molecules carry out widely diverse functions in numerous different physiological processes in living cells. The RNA life cycle from transcription, through the processing of nascent RNA, to the regulatory function of non-coding RNA and cytoplasmic translation of messenger RNA has been studied extensively using biochemical and molecular biology techniques. In this Commentary, we highlight how single molecule imaging and particle tracking can yield further insight into the dynamics of RNA particles in living cells. In the past few years, a variety of bright and photo-stable labelling techniques have been developed to generate sufficient contrast for imaging of single endogenous RNAs in vivo. New imaging modalities allow determination of not only lateral but also axial positions with high precision within the cellular context, and across a wide range of specimen from yeast and bacteria to cultured cells, and even multicellular organisms or live animals. A whole range of methods to locate and track single particles, and to analyze trajectory data are available to yield detailed information about the kinetics of all parts of the RNA life cycle. Although the concepts presented are applicable to all types of RNA, we showcase here the wealth of information gained from in vivo imaging of single particles by discussing studies investigating dynamics of intranuclear trafficking, nuclear pore transport and cytoplasmic transport of endogenous messenger RNA.
Effect of Film Thickness and Air Atmosphere on Photochromic Properties of WO3-Based Composite Films
Authors: Miyazaki Hidetoshi , Ishigaki Takumi , Suzuki Hisao , Ota Toshitaka 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
WO3-based photochromic composite films with various film thickness were fabricated using peroxo-iso-polytungstic acid as filler and transparent urethane resin as matrix, and the thickness of the composite films were 180, 250, 620, and 1300 µm. All the composite films showed reversible photochromic properties. The coloring reaction rate constant of the composite films with the thickness of 180, 250, 620, and 1300 µm were 3.91 × 10−1, 3.80 × 10−1, 3.63 × 10−1, and 2.69 × 10−2 min−1, respectively. The bleaching half-life period of the composite films with the thickness of 180, 250, 620, and 1300 µm were 45.4, 67.8, 138, and 200 min, respectively. The coloring speed increased with decrease of the film thickness, and the bleaching speed decreased considerably with decrease of the film thickness.
Invited Editorial—A Descriptive Analysis of Publications in Marketing Science Over Its History
Authors: Murthi B. P. S. , Rao Ram C. , Ratchford Brian T. 
Published: September 2015

Using the University of Texas at Dallas database on publications in the top 24 business journals, we examine the evolution of Marketing Science as reflected by participation of faculty from top ranked business schools on one hand, and diversity on the other hand, as evidenced by contributions from different countries and from faculty of a wider set of schools. We show that faculty from top-ranked business schools have always published in Marketing Science, and continue to do so. We also show that the variety of schools with authors who publish in Marketing Science has increased, and that much of this expansion has occurred outside of North America. This international expansion appears to be driven by collaborations between authors in North America and those in other areas. One of the factors that may be fueling the increase in the variety of schools with authors publishing in Marketing Science is an increased tendency for collaboration by three or more authors. In general, Marketing Science has remained an outlet for authors from top schools, and has also become a place where authors from a much broader array of schools, especially those outside the United States, can publish. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2015.0957 .
The Benefits of Relationship Lending in a Cross-Country Context: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kysucky Vlado , Norden Lars 
Published: September 2015

Relationship lending may create benefits for borrowers by reducing information asymmetries. However, empirical evidence is mixed. We conduct a meta-analysis to summarize and explain the heterogeneity in the results in the literature using hand-collected information from 101 studies in the United States, Europe, Asia, and Latin America from 1970 to 2010. We find that strong relationships are generally beneficial for borrowers, but lending outcomes differ across the relationships’ dimensions. Long-lasting, exclusive, and synergy-creating bank relationships are associated with higher credit volume and lower loan rates. These benefits are more likely in the United States and in countries where bank competition is high. They are not related to the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises in an economy, suggesting that prevalence of relationship lending does not necessarily come along with borrower benefits. Our inferences are robust when we control for observed systematic heterogeneity in the original studies and hold in a bootstrapping analysis.Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2088 .This paper was accepted by Wei Jiang, finance.
When Performance Trumps Gender Bias: Joint vs. Separate Evaluation
Authors: Bohnet Iris , van Geen Alexandra , Bazerman Max 
Published: September 2015

Gender bias in the evaluation of job candidates has been demonstrated in business, government, and academia, yet little is known about how to overcome it. Blind evaluation procedures have been proven to significantly increase the likelihood that women musicians are chosen for orchestras, and they are employed by a few companies. We examine a new intervention to overcome gender bias in hiring, promotion, and job assignments: an “evaluation nudge” in which people are evaluated jointly rather than separately regarding their future performance. Evaluators are more likely to base their decisions on individual performance in joint than in separate evaluation and on group stereotypes in separate than in joint evaluation, making joint evaluation the profit-maximizing evaluation procedure. Our work is inspired by findings in behavioral decision research suggesting that people make more reasoned choices when examining options jointly rather than separately and is compatible with a behavioral model of information processing. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2186 . This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.