bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Sclerostin Levels in Newborns Born to Mothers with Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Sandal Gonca , Pirgon Ozgur , Dundar Bumin , Cetin Hasan , Bayram Halil Ibrahim 
Published: October 2015

Aim Sclerostin inhibits osteoblast functions, differentiations, and survival rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between circulating sclerostin (an emerging biomarker and important regulator of bone formation) and neonatal parameters in mothers with vitamin D deficiency. Method Forty-five mothers and their newborns were recruited in the study. The mothers were divided into 2 groups as vitamin D–deficient group 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D3 < 20 ng/mL) and vitamin D–sufficient group 25(OH)D (>20 ng/mL). Their newborns had measurements of weight, height, calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, sclerostin, and 25(OH)D at birth. Results The mothers with vitamin D deficiency had significantly lower vitamin D levels than the mothers with vitamin D sufficiency (8.7 [3.4] ng/mL vs 26.7 [4.0] ng/mL, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between women with vitamin D deficiency and women with vitamin D sufficiency for sclerostin concentrations (205.4 [64.8] pg/mL vs 291.6 [122.9] pg/mL). However, 25(OH)D (10.1 [8.1] ng/mL vs 33.4 [11.6] ng/mL, P < 0.001) and sclerostin concentrations (182.9 [15.3] pg/mL vs 288.8 [32.3] pg/mL, P = 0.01) were lower in newborns born by mothers with vitamin D deficiency compared and with newborns of mothers with vitamin D sufficiency. Circulating sclerostin measurements were not associated with 25(OH)D levels of both mothers and their newborns. Conclusions We found significantly lower sclerostin levels in newborns born by women with vitamin D deficiency compared with newborns of nondeficient mothers.
Increased Plasma Levels of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Relation with Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, and Liver Histology
Authors: Boga Salih , Alkim Huseyin , Koksal Ali Riza , Bayram Mehmet , Ozguven Muveddet Banu Yilmaz , Ergun Meltem , Neijmann Sebnem Tekin , Ozgon Gulay , Alkim Canan 
Published: October 2015

Background and Aim Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most frequent cause of death in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Insulin resistance, hepatic dysfunction, and chronic inflammation are factors interacting in explaining the increased CVD incidence in NAFLD. We aimed to evaluate the effects of insulin resistance and inflammatory biomarkers on asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, a predictor of CVD. We also investigated relationship between these markers and histological findings in patients with NAFLD. Patients and Methods Plasma ADMA, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured in 70 patients with histologically verified NAFLD (53 with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH], 17 with non-NASH) and 12 controls. Results The HOMA-IR (5.3 [3.9] vs 1.9 [1], P < 0.001), hs-CRP (5.6 [4.2] vs 2.2 [2.3] mg/L, P < 0.001), ADMA (0.81 [0.25] vs 0.48 [0.24] μmol/L, P = 0.005), and IL-6 (4.1 [1.2] vs 1.0 [0.4] pg/mL, P < 0.001) levels were all found higher in the NAFLD group than the control group. The ADMA levels were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD independent from HOMA-IR and body composition ( P = 0.02). The IL-6 and HOMA-IR levels of the NASH group were found significantly higher than those of the non-NASH group. The only determinant significantly correlated to ADMA was HOMA-IR. Conclusions Our data suggested that although ADMA levels are independently higher in NAFLD, the only determinant correlated to ADMA is HOMA-IR and not inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP, IL-6) or presence/absence of NASH.
Spirituality in Arab Muslim Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Survivors
Authors: Alaloul Fawwaz , Schreiber Judith A. , Al Nusairat Taghreed S. , Andrykowski Michael A. 
Published: October 2015

Background:
A cancer diagnosis and treatment can be a stressful, life-altering experience that can pose a threat to life and raise existential challenges. Spirituality may influence the process of coping with the stress of the cancer experience. Studies of the role of spirituality for Muslim cancer patients and survivors are limited.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to understand the role of spirituality in the cancer experience among Arab Muslim hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) survivors.

Methods:
In this qualitative, descriptive study, 63 HSCT survivors (mean, 20.2 months) responded to 2 open-ended, self-report questions on the role of spirituality in their HSCT experience. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes related to spirituality.

Results:
Three dimensions that helped patients cope with their experiences were identified: sickness viewed in light of belief in God, use of religious/spiritual resources, and support from family and community. Two general themes described changes in their faith as a result of having the HSCT procedure: strengthening of faith in God and greater reliance on religious/spiritual activities.

Conclusion:
Spirituality was important to the Arab Muslim survivors in coping with cancer and HSCT treatment. Muslim cancer survivors are often deeply connected to their religion.

Implications for Practice:
Healthcare providers in the United States and other Western countries need to be aware of the unique religious and spiritual needs of Muslim cancer survivors in order to provide them with culturally sensitive care. More research on the spiritual needs of Muslim cancer patients and survivors residing in Western countries is needed.
Individual-Based Integral Projection Models: The Role of Size-Structure on Extinction Risk and Establishment Success
Authors: Schreiber Sebastian J. , Ross Noam 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMatrix models or integral projection models (IPMs) are commonly used to study the dynamics of structured populations, where discrete or continuous traits influence survival, growth, or reproduction. When a population’s size is small, as is often the case for threatened species or potentially invasive species arriving in novel habitats, extinction risk may be substantial due to demographic stochasticity.Branching processes, which are individual-based counterparts to matrix models and IPMs, allow one to quantify these risks of extinction. For discretely structured populations, the theory of multi-type branching processes provides analytic methods to compute how extinction risk changes over time and how it depends on the size and composition of the population. Building on prior work on continuous-state branching processes, we extend these analytic methods to individual-based models accounting for any mixture of discrete and continuous population structure.The individual-based IPMs are defined by probabilistic update rules at the level of the individual which determine how each individual with a given trait value dies, changes trait value (e.g. grows in size), or produces individuals with the same or other trait values. Probabilities of extinction are shown to be analytically determined by probability generating functionals associated with the individual-based IPMs. In particular, we present analytical expressions for how extinction probabilities change over time and depend on the initial abundance and trait distribution of the population. We illustrate how to numerically implement these methods using data from the short-lived desert shrub speciesCryptantha flava, and provide a more general discussion of how to implement these methods to other data sets including those involving fluctuating environmental conditions.As most IPM studies have the necessary data to parameterize individual-based IPMs, these methods provide a computationally efficient means to explore how continuously structured populations differing in their evolutionary history and environmental context may differ in their vulnerability to extinction or ability to colonize new habitats.
Dissecting the genetic basis of a complexcis-regulatory adaptation
Authors: Naranjo Santiago , Smith Justin D. , Artieri Carlo G. , Zhang Mian , Zhou Yiqi , Palmer Michael E. , Fraser Hunter B. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAlthough single genes underlying several evolutionary adaptations have been identified, the genetic basis of complex, polygenic adaptations has been far more challenging to pinpoint. Here we report that the budding yeastSaccharomyces paradoxushas recently evolved resistance to citrinin, a naturally occurring mycotoxin. Applying a genome-wide test for selection oncis-regulation, we identified five genes involved in the citrinin response that are constitutively up-regulated inS. paradoxus.Four of these genes are necessary for resistance, and are also sufficient to increase the resistance of a sensitive strain when over-expressed. Moreover,cis-regulatory divergence in the promoters of these genes contributes to resistance, while exacting a cost in the absence of citrinin. Our results demonstrate how the subtle effects of individual regulatory elements can be combined, via natural selection, into a complex adaptation. Our approach can be applied to dissect the genetic basis of polygenic adaptations in a wide range of species.Author SummaryAdaptation via natural selection has been a subject of great interest for well over a century, yet we still have little understanding of its molecular basis. What are the genetic changes that are actually being selected? While single genes underlying several adaptations have been identified, the genetic basis of complex, polygenic adaptations has been far more challenging to pinpoint. The complex trait that we study here is the resistance ofSaccharomycesyeast to a mycotoxin called citrinin, which is produced by many other species of fungi, and is a common food contaminant for both humans and livestock. We found that sequence changes in the promoters of at least three genes have contributed to citrinin resistance, by up-regulating their transcription even in the absence of citrinin. Higher expression of these genes confers a fitness advantage in the presence of citrinin, while exacting a cost in its absence— a fitness tradeoff. Our results provide a detailed view of a complex adaptation, and our approach can be applied to polygenic adaptations in a wide range of species.
An integrated homeostatic reinforcement learning theory of motivation explains the transition to cocaine addiction
Authors: Keramati Mehdi , Durand Audrey , Girardeau Paul , Gutkin Boris , Ahmed Serge 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDrugs of abuse implicate both reward learning and homeostatic regulation mechanisms of the brain. Theories of addiction, thus, have mostly depicted this phenomenon as pathology in either habit-based learning system or homeostatic mechanisms. Showing the limits of those accounts, we hypothesize that compulsive drug seeking arises from drugs hijacking a system that integrates homeostatic regulation mechanism with goal-directed action/behavior. Building upon a recently developed homeostatic reinforcement learning theory, we present a computational theory proposing that cocaine reinforces goal-directed drug-seeking due to its rapid homeostatic corrective effect, whereas its chronic use induces slow and long-lasting changes in homeostatic setpoint. Our theory accounts for key behavioral and neurobiological features of addiction, most notably, escalation of cocaine use, drug-primed craving and relapse, and individual differences underlying susceptibility to addiction. The theory also generates unique predictions about the mechanisms of cocaine-intake regulation and about cocaine-primed craving and relapse that are confirmed by new experiments.SignificanceChronic use of addictive drugs renders increased motivation in planning to obtain and consume the drugs, despite their adverse social, occupational, and health consequences. It is as if addicts gradually develop a strong need for the drug and use their cognitive abilities and the knowledge of their environment in order to fulfil that need. In this paper, we build a mathematical model of this conception of addiction and show through quantitative simulations that such a model actually behaves in the same way that human addicts or laboratory animals that are exposed to cocaine behave. For example, the model shows gradually increasing motivation for drugs, relapse after long periods of abstinence, and individual differences in susceptibility to addiction.
Changes in the Phosphoproteome and Metabolome Link Early Signaling Events to Rearrangement of Photosynthesis and Central Metabolism in Salinity and Oxidative Stress Response in Arabidopsis
Authors: Chen Yanmei , Hoehenwarter Wolfgang 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Salinity and oxidative stress are major factors affecting and limiting the productivity of agricultural crops. The molecular and biochemical processes governing the plant response to abiotic stress have often been researched in a reductionist manner. Here, we report a systemic approach combining metabolic labeling and phosphoproteomics to capture early signaling events with quantitative metabolome analysis and enzyme activity assays to determine the effects of salt and oxidative stress on plant physiology. K+ and Na+ transporters showed coordinated changes in their phosphorylation pattern, indicating the importance of dynamic ion homeostasis for adaptation to salt stress. Unique phosphorylation sites were found for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) SNF1 kinase homolog10 and 11, indicating their central roles in the stress-regulated responses. Seven Sucrose Non-fermenting1-Related Protein Kinase2 kinases showed varying levels of phosphorylation at multiple serine/threonine residues in their kinase domain upon stress, showing temporally distinct modulation of the various isoforms. Salinity and oxidative stress also lead to changes in protein phosphorylation of proteins central to photosynthesis, in particular the kinase State Transition Protein7 required for state transition and light-harvesting II complex proteins. Furthermore, stress-induced changes of the phosphorylation of enzymes of central metabolism were observed. The phosphorylation patterns of these proteins were concurrent with changes in enzyme activity. This was reflected by altered levels of metabolites, such as the sugars sucrose and fructose, glycolysis intermediates, and amino acids. Together, our study provides evidence for a link between early signaling in the salt and oxidative stress response that regulates the state transition of photosynthesis and the rearrangement of primary metabolism.
Designing to engage a television audience: how are different media used in TV ident creation?
Authors: Macdonald Iain 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how designers attempt to engage audiences through different media in TV idents; and to explore how the human mark (such as drawing and model making) in a hybrid with digital media can not only revitalise traditions in design, but also the reception of illusion in this context.Design/methodology/approach– The study focuses on the work of RedBee Media, a company that has a global market and reputation. The phenomenology of how BBC Three and BBC 2 Christmas were rebranded was examined through interviews with the designers and animators involved. Taking a media industry studies lens to examine an art/technology divide the author will expand the visual culture theory of Manovich’s (2007) metamedium.Findings– The influence of technology on television graphic design is contested and continual. Designers might begin to question rather than rely on technology through the process of design. They can confront generic software solutions and apply more critical skills to explore fusions of heritage and digital processes in a metamedium.Research limitations/implications– This research was focused on a UK broadcaster and a single UK creative agency with a global influence. Future research should examine leading creative practice in other international markets.Practical implications– The significance of this research is in understanding the materiality and creativity in the artform of TV idents and how designers attempt to engage audiences through different media.Originality/value– Academics in media and design history are acknowledging the cultural significance of television branding. Design practitioners need to understand why and how in the work of others.
“Show us your moves”: trade rituals of television marketing
Authors: Grainge Paul , Johnson Catherine 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the professional culture of television marketing in the UK, the sector of arts marketing responsible for the vast majority of programme trailers and channel promos seen on British television screens.

Design/methodology/approach
– In research approach, it draws on participant observation at Promax UK, the main trade conference and award ceremony of the television marketing community. Developing John Caldwell’s analysis of the cultural practices of worker groups, it uses Promax as a site of study itself, exploring how a key trade gathering forges, legitimates and ritualizes the identity and practice of those involved in television marketing.

Findings
– Its findings show how Promax transmits industrial lore, not only about “how to do” the job of television marketing but also “how to be” in the professional field. If trade gatherings enable professional communities to express their own values to themselves, Promax members are constructed as “TV people” rather than just “marketing people”; the creative work of television marketing is seen as akin to the creative work of television production and positioned as part of the television industry.

Originality/value
– The value of the paper is the exploration of television marketing as a professional and creative discipline. This is especially relevant to marketing and media academics who have tended to overlook, or dismiss, the sector and skills of television promotion.
The comfort zone of the value circumplex for entrepreneurship: a structural analysis
Authors: Yang Kuo-Pin , Hsiung Hsin-Hua , Chiu Yu-Jen 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to extend the attitudinal approach to entrepreneurial intentions by using a structural analysis to explore overlooked personal values as the antecedents of entrepreneurial attitude. Based on the widely adopted value system proposed by Schwartz, this study argues that while one cluster of personal values is positively correlated with entrepreneurial attitude that leads to entrepreneurial intention, another cluster of personal values is negatively correlated with entrepreneurial attitude.

Design/methodology/approach
– Questionnaire responses obtained from a sample of 276 MBA were analyzed using structural equation models to examine the influences of values on entrepreneurial intentions via entrepreneurial attitude.

Findings
– The results of this study demonstrate that personal values of self-direction, stimulation, achievement, and universalism are all positively correlated with entrepreneurial attitude, which together constitute a comfort zone for entrepreneurship, whereas values in the opposite end of the circumplex including benevolence, tradition, conformity, security, and power are negatively correlated with entrepreneurial attitude. The values that discourage the formation of an entrepreneurial attitude also counter the positive effect of entrepreneurial attitude on intention, making the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and intention contingent upon value conflicts.

Originality/value
– This study regards entrepreneurship as a career development and contributes to the entrepreneurship study by differentiating the influences of a vital construct, i.e., personal values, which should not be regarded as a universalism. The value circumplex with a comfort and discomfort zone developed by this study can serve as a platform to help build the view on entrepreneurial intentions in terms of personal values.
Goethean pedagogy
Authors: Franses Philip , Wride Mike 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to highlight the profound learning associated with the Goethean methodology in the Holistic Science MSc at Schumacher College, Devon, UK. This is presented as a case study in profound pedagogy and as an exploration of the implications for workplace learning. Some comparisons are also made with reflective practice.Design/methodology/approach– Background is provided on Goethe’s “way of science” and Barfield’s “participation”. Students were also interviewed about their learning and reflect on their experiences and challenges in learning the Goethean methodology, particularly regarding perceptions and participation, on their altered modes of thinking and feelings about learning, as well as on an “immediate”, corporeal and potentially co-operative mode of knowing in a “community of practice”, which can be extrapolated to the workplace.Findings– The profoundness of the student experience and personal transformation presented in the interviews reveals that Goethean methodology has a place alongside the more specific analytical knowledge focus of universities. While the method has challenges in reconciling existing modes of knowing with the new approach, the students are able to see and intuit the wholeness and dynamism of phenomena more easily, and they gain a different perspective and learn to participate more fully in the world.Originality/value– The paper asks that this template for educational practice be considered more widely relevant to today’s educational landscape in better providing skills and preparing students for the workplace in a world of “super-complexity”.
Lean thinking in the luxury-fashion market
Authors: Carmignani Gionata , Zammori Francesco 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The capability to overcome tradeoffs among costs, quality and time has become a must in high-margin businesses too. Lean thinking may be a solution, but applications in the luxury-fashion market are still rare. In order to shed light on this apparent contradiction, the purpose of this paper is to identify the key features of the luxury-fashion market that may act as barriers for the adoption of lean principles. Next, based on the results of this preliminary analysis, the paper tries to verify, if and how, lean principles can be properly reinterpreted, so as to properly fit the requirements of this market.

Design/methodology/approach
– Due to the operating nature of lean, an empiric approach was followed. From the evidences gathered during a lean project of a world-wide company, critical elements of the luxury-fashion market were identified and used as criteria to select, among lean tools, the most appropriate ones. Lastly, selected tools were integrated in a structured framework (for lean implementation) that was used to analyze and to improve many logistics and manufacturing processes.

Findings
– Developed solutions were implemented as pilot projects, with outstanding preliminary result. Results are case specific and trying to infer general considerations may be hazardous. Nonetheless, due to the relevant dimension of the project, they can be considered more than a clue concerning the robustness of the framework and, most of all, concerning the real potentialities of lean in the luxury-fashion market.

Practical implications
– The framework is extremely operational and, together with the proposed industrial cases, can be used as a guideline to support practitioners during the implementation of similar projects.

Originality/value
– Lean thinking is relatively new in the luxury-fashion market, where the focus on operational costs has been traditionally considered as a marginal issue. Thus, the application of lean principles in this market is the innovative element of the paper.