bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Size-dependent ultrafast structural dynamics inside phospholipid vesicle bilayers measured with 2D IR vibrational echoes
Authors: Kel Oksana , Tamimi Amr , Fayer Michael D. 
Published: January 2014

Significance
Plasma membranes hold a wide variety of proteins and other biomolecules that are essential to cell functions. In addition, membranes are the solvent bath, which is intimately coupled to transmembrane processes. Membranes are frequently modeled using planar phospholipid bilayers and vesicles. However, vesicles are small and have relatively small radii of curvature. Research has shown that the bilayer curvature influences structural and thermodynamic properties, but much less is known about the interior dynamics of model membranes. Here we address ultrafast structural dynamics inside vesicle and planar bilayers using 2D IR vibrational echo experiments. The results show that the interior dynamics depend on the phospholipid chain length and are curvature dependent, with the dynamics becoming faster as the vesicle size decreases.
Is recovery of northern cod limited by poor feeding? The capelin hypothesis revisited
Authors: Mullowney Darrell R. J. , Rose George A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe slow recovery of the “northern” Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) stock off Newfoundland and Labrador has been ascribed to many factors. One hypothesis is poor feeding and condition as a consequence of a decline in capelin (Mallotus villosus), their former main prey. We compared the growth and condition of cod from known inshore (Smith Sound) and offshore (Bonavista Corridor) centres of rebuilding in wild subjects versus captive subjects fed an unlimited diet of oily rich fish. Wild fish in these areas have had different diets and population performance trends since stock declines in the early 1990s. Captive cod from both areas grew at the same rates and achieved equivalent prime condition, while their wild counterparts differed, with smaller sizes, lower condition in small fish, and elevated mortality levels in the offshore centre. Environmental temperature conditions did not account for the differences in performance of wild fish. Our results suggest that fish growth and condition, and hence rebuilding in the formerly large offshore spawning components of the northern cod, have been limited by a lack of capelin in their diet. Furthermore, we suggest that these groups are unlikely to rebuild until a recovery in capelin occurs.
Multiple-binding-site mechanism explains concentration-dependent unbinding rates of DNA-binding proteins
Authors: Sing Charles E. , Olvera de la Cruz Monica , Marko John F. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractRecent work has demonstrated concentration-dependent unbinding rates of proteins from DNA, using fluorescence visualization of the bacterial nucleoid protein Fis [Graham et al. (2011) (Concentration-dependent exchange accelerates turnover of proteins bound to double-stranded DNA. Nucleic Acids Res., 39:2249)]. The physical origin of this concentration-dependence is unexplained. We use a combination of coarse-grained simulation and theory to demonstrate that this behavior can be explained by taking into account the dimeric nature of the protein, which permits partial dissociation and exchange with other proteins in solution. Concentration-dependent unbinding is generated by this simple model, quantitatively explaining experimental data. This effect is likely to play a major role in determining binding lifetimes of proteins in vivo where there are very high concentrations of solvated molecules.
Characteristics of Vegetable‐Based Twin‐Screw Extruded Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Diets Containing Fermented High‐Protein Soybean Meal and Graded Levels of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles
Authors: Fallahi Parisa , Rosentrater Kurt A. , Muthukumarappan Kasiviswanathan , Brown Michael L. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA twin‐screw extrusion study was performed in replicated trials to produce vegetable‐based feeds for juvenile yellow perch. Two isocaloric (3.06 kcal/g) experimental diets were balanced to contain 20 and 40% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and a constant amount (20%) of fermented high‐protein soybean meal (PepSoyGen) as the fishmeal protein replacers; crude protein content was targeted at 40%. A fishmeal‐based diet was used as a control. Extrusion conditions included conditioner steam (0.11–0.16 kg/min), extruder water (0.11–0.19 kg/min), and screw speed (230–300 rpm). Increasing DDGS from 0 to 40% led to a considerable rise in bulk density, lightness L*), yellowness (b*), and unit density but to decreases in water activity (aw) and expansion ratio by 12.6, 14.4, 23, 21, 31, and 13%, respectively. The lowest unit density of 791.6 kg/m3 and highest bulk density of 654.5 kg/m3 were achieved with diets containing 20 and 40% DDGS, respectively; changes in DDGS content did not affect extrudate moisture, absorption index, or thermal properties. Raising DDGS from 0 to 40% resulted in an increase in water solubility and redness (a*) by 13.4 and 35%, respectively. All extrudates had high durability (>98%), and low aw of less than 0.5. Overall, this study yielded viable feeds for yellow perch.
Intron-Mediated Alternative Splicing of WOOD-ASSOCIATED NAC TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1B Regulates Cell Wall Thickening during Fiber Development in Populus Species
Authors: Zhao Yunjun , Sun Jiayan , Xu Peng , Zhang Rui , Li Laigeng 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Alternative splicing is an important mechanism involved in regulating the development of multicellular organisms. Although many genes in plants undergo alternative splicing, little is understood of its significance in regulating plant growth and development. In this study, alternative splicing of black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) wood-associated NAC domain transcription factor (PtrWNDs), PtrWND1B, is shown to occur exclusively in secondary xylem fiber cells. PtrWND1B is expressed with a normal short-transcript PtrWND1B-s as well as its alternative long-transcript PtrWND1B-l. The intron 2 structure of the PtrWND1B gene was identified as a critical sequence that causes PtrWND1B alternative splicing. Suppression of PtrWND1B expression specifically inhibited fiber cell wall thickening. The two PtrWND1B isoforms play antagonistic roles in regulating cell wall thickening during fiber cell differentiation in Populus spp. PtrWND1B-s overexpression enhanced fiber cell wall thickening, while overexpression of PtrWND1B-l repressed fiber cell wall thickening. Alternative splicing may enable more specific regulation of processes such as fiber cell wall thickening during wood formation.
Cross-sectoral comparison of concessions in transport
Authors: Vanelslander Thierry , Chomat Gilles , Roumboutsos Athena , Bonnet Géraldine 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology of comparing concession projects developed in different transport sub-sectors. The methodology is tested in the comparison of three different cases, each of which represent a particular mode of transport: a road development project, a city tramway project and a port lock construction initiative.

Design/methodology/approach
– A fuzzy logic approach methodology is applied in carrying out the comparison between cases. Granulation is achieved by employing a Contextual (Ws) Risk Analysis Framework, as risks constitute the basis to public private partnership (PPP) structure. Linguistic variables are then used to describe the comparative findings.

Findings
– The methodology presented allows for the comparison of three cases from different transport sub-sectors. Identification of similarities provides the potential to transfer experience from one sector to the other. With respect to the three cases studied, it was identified that traffic risk seems to be passed on to the private operators in relation to the level of exclusivity. Finally, PPP projects initiated by central government (as opposed to those initiated by local governments) seem to be more finance-driven than service-driven.

Research limitations/implications
– As the number of cases to be compared increases, quantitative comparative analysis fuzzy set values can be included in order to carry out a full analysis. The present approach should be considered introductory, as fuzzy sets are not generated due to the limited number of surveys (cases) compared (hence the term “pre-fuzzy”).

Practical implications
– The methodology presented and the cases tested indicate the possibility for knowledge/experience transfer and the transferability of best practices.

Originality/value
– Cross-sub-sectoral comparisons for transport PPP projects have not been identified in literature.
Guidelines for applying Porter's five forces framework: a set of industry analysis templates
Authors: E. Dobbs Michael 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide practitioners and students a practical yet comprehensive set of templates for applying Michael Porter's five forces framework for industry analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on experiences with practicing managers, small business owners, industry analysts, academics, and students, a set of industry analysis templates that systematically guides an analyst through a comprehensive assessment of the five forces is presented with the following: copies of the templates themselves, descriptions of their structure and use, an example of a completed template (spectator sports industry), and a discussion of possible modifications and extensions.

Findings
– The industry analysis templates described in this paper retain the comprehensiveness of Porter's framework but in a format much more student/manager-oriented using graphics, visual cues, a uniform structure, and straightforward descriptions of concepts. Template users show evidence of deeper strategic insights and have a sophisticated tool for future analysis.

Practical implications
– Managers, analysts, students, and others wanting robust industry analysis are provided with a comprehensive, structured, and practical set of templates to use in assessing an industry using the five forces framework.

Originality/value
– Leading strategic management texts and other sources provide no comprehensive, systematic, and robust format for conducting a five forces analysis of an industry. The set of industry analysis templates described in this paper provides a visually compelling, user-friendly format that can assist those analyzing industries gain important strategic insights not only into industry drivers, but also important competitive advantages for individual firms.
Why pandemic response is unique: powerful experts and hands-off political leaders
Authors: Baekkeskov Erik , Rubin Olivier 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to show that 2009 H1N1 “swine” influenza pandemic vaccination policies deviated from predictions established in the theory of political survival, and to propose that pandemic response deviated because it was ruled by bureaucratized experts rather than by elected politicians.Design/methodology/approach– Focussing on the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, the paper employs descriptive statistical analysis of vaccination policies in nine western democracies. To probe the plausibility of the novel explanation, it uses quantitative and qualitative content analyses of media attention and coverage in two deviant cases, the USA and Denmark.Findings– Theories linking political survival to disaster responses find little empirical support in the substantial cross-country variations of vaccination responses during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Rather than following a political logic, the case studies of media coverage in the USA and Denmark demonstrate that the response was bureaucratized in the public health agencies (CDC and DMHA, respectively). Hence, while natural disaster responses appear to follow a political logic, the response to pandemics appears to be more strongly instituted in the hands of bureaucratic experts.Research limitations/implications– There is an added value of encompassing bureaucratic dynamics in political theories of disaster response; bureaucratized expertise proved to constitute a strong plausible explanation of the 2009 pandemic vaccination response.Practical implications– Pandemic preparedness and response depends critically on understanding the lessons of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic; a key lesson supported by this paper is that expert-based agencies rather than political leaders are the pivotal actors.Originality/value– This paper is the first to pinpoint the limitations of political survival theories of disaster responses with respect to the 2009 pandemic. Further, it is among the few to analyze the causes of variations in cross-country pandemic vaccination policies during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
Marriage following the 1997 Umbria-Marche (Italy) earthquake
Authors: Prati Gabriele , Pietrantoni Luca 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to replicate Cohan and Cole (2002) Hurricane Hugo study in the context of a different type of natural hazard and in a different country.

Design/methodology/approach
– Change in marriage following the 1997 Umbria-Marche (Italy) earthquake was examined prospectively from 1987 to 2007 for the 15 municipalities declared disaster areas and for the whole Marche region and country.

Findings
– Autoregressive integrated moving average time-series analysis showed that the year following the earthquake marriage rates decreased only in the 15 municipalities declared disaster areas.

Originality/value
– In the present study, the paper found results in the opposite direction to Cohan and Cole (2002) Hurricane Hugo study. Taken together, the findings suggest that the direction of the change may be in either direction and depends on the characteristics of the disaster, of the response to it, and on social and economic conditions of the context.
Resilience – an emerging paradigm of danger or of hope?
Authors: I. Sudmeier-Rieux Karen 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore whether “resilience” offers any positive inputs to international discourse in the field of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation and if so, what recommendations can be made for further research on the topic.

Design/methodology/approach
– In addition to an in-depth literature review, observations on resilience were made based on interdisciplinary research conducted in Nepal 2008-2011 with landslide affected communities, to map local understandings of resilience in contrast to issues of risk and vulnerability.

Findings
– Resilience has the potential to offer a more systemic and cross-cutting approach to disaster risk reduction, climate change adaptation and the humanitarian sector. However, it needs to be assessed critically as one attribute of sustainable development, not as a lesser substitute.

Originality/value
– This paper provides new insights to the emerging contrast between proponents and critics of the resilience paradigm with recommendations for avoiding potential dangers that this paradigm brings.
Managing the health risks of extreme weather events by managing hospital infrastructure
Authors: Loosemore Martin , Chow Vivien , McGeorge Denny 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– A predicted increase in climate change-related extreme weather events will present hospitals with new health-related and physical risks which were not originally anticipated in building and infrastructure designs. Markus et al.'s building systems model is used to analyse a range of adaptive strategies to cope with such events. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Focus group interviews were conducted with a wide range of hospital stakeholders across three case study hospitals in Australia and New Zealand which have experienced extreme weather events.

Findings
– It is concluded that effective adaptive strategies must balance responses across different organisational sub-systems. Contrary to previous research, the findings indicate that hospital managers do see hospital infrastructure as an important component of disaster response. However, it is the least adaptable of all response subsystems, making other options more attractive in the heat of a crisis.

Research limitations/implications
– A focus on three case studies allowed the researchers to explore in-depth the experiences of stakeholders who had experienced extreme weather events. While producing highly valid results, the inherent limitation of this approach is the lack of breath. So further case studies are needed to generalise from the results.

Practical implications
– Recommendations are made to improve the adaptive capacity of healthcare facilities to cope with the future health challenges of climate change risk.

Originality/value
– By acknowledging that no one group holds all the knowledge to deal with extreme weather events, this paper capture the collective knowledge of all key stakeholders who have a stake in the process of responding effectively to such an event. It shows that hospital adaptation strategies cannot be considered in isolation from the surrounding emergency management systems in which a hospital is imbedded.
Educator challenges using participatory methods in group-based patient education
Authors: Helms Andersen Tue , Folmann Hempler Nana , Willaing Ingrid 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore educators’ experiences of putting a participatory and patient-centered education model, “The Health Education Juggler,” into practice after having attended a one-day seminar. The model consists of four educator roles in participatory group-based patient education in chronic illness: embracer (takes care of the group), facilitator (generates dialogue and participation), translator (communicates professional knowledge) and initiator (motivates action in patients).

Design/methodology/approach
– Qualitative analysis of observations of eight group-based patient education sessions and seven in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 educators.

Findings
– Educators find it difficult to include disease-specific knowledge when working with a flexible patient-centered approach. They tend to stay in the role they find most comfortable during education sessions (most often that of embracer), rather than adopting new and more challenging roles in the teaching process. Educators theoretically understand the role of facilitator, but they do not know how to perform in this role in practice. The ability to juggle all educator roles depends on the ability to master each.

Practical implications
– The Health Education Juggler model shows promise in promoting participation and patient-centeredness and as a reflection tool for educators and an analytic tool for quality assessment of patient education. These findings support further development of model use.

Originality/value
– This model of educator roles in group-based patient education in chronic illness provides a new approach to patient education. It indicates the need for various professional competencies among educators to provide patient-centered education in a flexible way, with a strong focus on patient-identified problems and challenges, social learning processes and generation of internal motivation in patients.
Linking satisfaction to share of deposits: an application of the Wallet Allocation Rule
Authors: Aksoy Lerzan 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– Despite the fact that customer satisfaction is among the most widely used metrics by managers, the link with share of deposits tends to be weak. Using a recent innovative approach termed the “Wallet Allocation Rule (WAR)” this research investigates whether measuring satisfaction relative to other competitors used exhibits a stronger correlation to share of deposits compared to measuring absolute satisfaction with the focal firm/product.

Design/methodology/approach
– A survey approach was used with a sample of 4,712 banking customers across the USA. Using the WAR, each respondent's satisfaction ratings were transformed into relative rankings and used to estimate their share of deposits.

Findings
– The results confirmed that at both the individual and the aggregate level examining relative ranked satisfaction correlates strongly with customers’ share of deposits. At the individual level relative satisfaction explains 55 percent of the variance in share of deposits, as opposed to only 9 percent for absolute satisfaction.

Practical implications
– The findings indicate that managers need to rethink their current approach to satisfaction measurement and consider measuring their customers’ satisfaction relative to competitors used. Furthermore, using aggregate level absolute satisfaction in managerial decision making can be misleading.

Originality/value
– This research provides a significant contribution to both the banking literature and the scientific literature in general by examining the robustness of a relative metrics approach within the retail banking and credit union market.
How much can we trust the financial report?
Authors: Li Shaomin , Ho Park Seung , Shuji Bao Rosey 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– The success and reliability of business transactions and research in emerging markets depend on the quality of financial information. Due to the institutional and historical backgrounds, financial information provided by firms in emerging markets has often been questioned for their accuracy. This study aims to examine the reliability of financial information through various descriptive and statistical analyses in major emerging markets, including Brazil, Russia, India, and China (the BRICs).Design/methodology/approach– The authors use firm-level data from the BRIC countries and apply statistical models to identify patterns of profit misreporting by firms in these countries.Findings– The results show significant and systemic signs of misreporting of financial information in these countries, particularly in China and Russia, which are further examined to understand the possible reasons behind their more severe misreporting.Originality/value– The study then concludes with practical and specific recommendations for investors, managers, and policy makers on how to detect and avoid potential risks due to inaccurate financial information and improve the overall quality of decision making.