bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the root yield, quality, water productivity and economics of sarpagandha (Rauwolfia serpentina L. Benth.) through irrigation and nitrogen management
Authors: Patra Sanmay Kumar , Sengupta Sudip , Banik Madhurima , Poddar Ratneswar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSarpagandha is a well‐known ayurvedic herb valued for its therapeutic properties. Effective irrigation and nitrogen management are crucial for its sustainable cultivation. To investigate the optimal irrigation and nitrogen requirements and economic advantages, a field study was conducted over two consecutive growing seasons (2017–2019 and 2019–2021). This study employed a split‐plot design, evaluating 12 treatment combinations, including three levels of irrigation (irrigation water to cumulative pan evaporation ratios [IW/CPE] of 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2) and four nitrogen management strategies (100% of the recommended dose of nitrogen [RDN] applied as vermicompost, 50–50 and 25–75 split between vermicompost and fertilizer, and 100% RDN applied as fertilizer). The results revealed that the highest root yield (1437 kg ha−1); nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake (134, 44.78 and 142 kg ha−1, respectively); fresh and dry weights (67 and 28 g, respectively); total alkaloid content (2%); and economic returns, including a benefit to cost ratio (BCR) of 2.95, were achieved with irrigation at an IW/CPE of 0.9 combined with 100% RDN from vermicompost. However, when vermicompost was limited, IW/CPE 0.9 with either a 50–50 or 25–75 split of RDN between vermicompost and fertilizer emerged as a viable alternative with a BCR of 2.62 and 2.58, respectively. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing sarpagandha yield and economic performance under conditions of limited input resources.
Azadirachta indica assisted green synthesis of magnetic Ag/GO‐Fe3O4 nanocomposites for the solid‐phase extraction of tetracyclines from milk
Authors: Anjum Jawaria , Shehzadi Syeda Aaliya , Sajid Muhammad , Arshad Ifzan , Sajjad Muhammad , Siddique Ayesha , Abdul Jabbar Khizra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAntibiotics are frequently used as growth boosters in animal husbandry. Tetracyclines (TCNs) are among the most widely used antibiotics compared to others, leaving traces in animal‐based foodstuffs like milk and meat. Thus, monitoring of TCNs is paramount, especially in the feedstuff. In the present study, a green method is developed to synthesize magnetic Ag/GO‐Fe3O4 nanocomposites using Azadirachta indica leaf extract. The synthesized adsorbent (Ag/GO‐Fe3O4) was analyzed for the residual extraction of oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) from the fresh milk samples through the magnetic solid‐phase extraction principle. The extraction procedure involved the deproteinization of milk, spiking with antibiotics, followed by magnetic solid‐phase extraction and quantification of TCNs by HPLC with a UV detector. Different factors that affected the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for the TCNs like pH, temperature, amount of nanocomposite, and time were studied. The inter‐day and intra‐day precision were calculated for OTC (4% and 6%) and CTC (3% and 4%), respectively. The limit of detection and quantification for OTC was 0.5 and 1.5 μgL−1 and for CTC was 0.2 and 0.6 μgL−1 respectively while the percentage extraction was 94%–96%.
RNF43 in cancer: Molecular understanding and clinical significance in immunotherapy
Authors: Huo Xingfa , Han Weizhong , Yang Zhen , Lu Yongzhi , Liu Ning , Hou Helei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIdentifying biomarkers to predict immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy is warranted. Considering that somatic mutation‐derived neoantigens induce strong immune responses, patients with a high tumor mutational burden reportedly tend to respond to ICIs. Therefore, the original function of neoantigenic mutations and their impact on the tumor microenvironment (TME) require attention. RNF43 is a type of RING E3 ubiquitin ligase, and long‐term survivors in most cancers had conserved patterns of mutations of RNF43. Also, high microsatellite instability patients had a higher RNF43 mutation rate compared with microsatellite stability tumor patients, who were more sensitive to ICI treatment. Therefore, RNF43 has become a promising biomarker of immunotherapy in a wide range of cancers. This review focuses on the up‐to‐date knowledge of RNF43 mutation in cancer. We summarize the cancer hallmarks involving activities regulated by RNF43 and highlight its extremely sophisticated regulation of WNT signaling and tumor microenvironment. The key genes interacting with RNF43 have also been summarized and discussed. Additionally, we highlight and propose new strategies of targeting RNF43 and RNF43‐based combinations with established immunotherapy and combination therapy. These efforts may provide new perspectives for RNF43‐based target therapy in cancer.
Health and well‐being of maturing adults with classic galactosemia
Authors: Garrett Olivia S. , Druss Jared J. , Vos E. Naomi , Fu Yu‐Ting Debbie , Lucia Stephanie , Greenstein Patricia E. , Bauer Anna , Sykut‐Cegielska Jolanta , Stepien Karolina M. , Arbuckle Cameron , Grafakou Olga , Meyer Uta , Vanhoutvin Nele , Pané Adriana , Bosch Annet M. , Rubio‐Gozalbo Estela , Berry Gerard T. , Fridovich‐Keil Judith L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLong‐term outcomes in classic galactosemia (CG) have been studied previously, but all prior studies have relied on cohorts of patients that were small in number, or heavily skewed toward children and young adults, or both. Here, we extend what is known about the health and well‐being of maturing adults with CG by analyzing the results of anonymous custom surveys completed by 92 affected individuals, ages 30–78, and 38 unaffected sibling controls, ages 30–79. The median age for patients was 38.5 years and for controls was 41 years. These study participants hailed from 12 different countries predominantly representing Europe and North America. Participants reported on their general life experiences and outcomes in seven different domains including: speech/voice/language, cognition, motor function, cataracts, bone health, psychosocial well‐being, and gastrointestinal health. We also queried women about ovarian function. Our results indicated a prevalence of long‐term complications across all outcome domains that aligned with levels previously reported in younger cohorts. Given the sample size and age range of participants in this study, these findings strongly suggest that the adverse developmental outcomes commonly linked to CG are not progressive with age for most patients. We also tested four candidate modifiers for possible association with each of the outcomes followed, including: days of neonatal milk exposure, rigor of dietary galactose restriction in early childhood, current age, and home continent. We observed no associations that reached even nominal significance, except for the following: cataracts with neonatal milk exposure (p = 2.347e−04), cataracts with age (p = 0.018), and bone health with home continent (p = 0.03).
The use of vehicle‐based observations in weather prediction and decision support
Authors: Siems‐Anderson Amanda R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVehicle‐based mobile observations are taken across the world every day by operational and research meteorological organizations, public transportation agencies, and private car manufacturers. Whether directly weather‐related (e.g., air temperature) or not (e.g., wiper speed), the coverage and frequency of these observations holds the promise of filling in gaps between fixed observing stations and greatly improving situational awareness and weather forecasting, from road surface condition‐specific applications and winter road maintenance to urban and street‐level numerical weather prediction and beyond. However, in order to take advantage of these observations, the weather, water, and climate enterprise must work together with the transportation enterprise across academic, public, and private sectors to provide a mechanism for obtaining these data, so that the benefits of using these unconventional observations may be realized.
Evolution of microstructure and thermo‐mechanical attributes of fiber reinforced polyamide during fused deposition modeling 3D printing: A comprehensive characterization study
Authors: Shah Adarsh Kumar , Vora Yash Anup , Palit Arnab , Williams Mark A. , Wilson Paul F. , Jain Atul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFused deposition modeling (FDM), a type of additive manufacturing is widely used for complex mold design, single‐part tool manufacturing, and prototyping. The FDM process, especially with fiber‐reinforced filament, induces intricate changes that influence microstructure and properties, highlighting the necessity for a thorough understanding to maximize FDM utilization. This study comprehensively examines microstructural changes and mechanical attributes in polyamide (PA) and carbon fiber‐reinforced polyamide (CF‐PA) before and after FDM printing. Through various characterization techniques including X‐ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, micro‐Computed Tomography (μ‐CT), and fractography, insightful perspectives were obtained. Results reveal substantial fiber breakage, resulting in a 33.03% decrease in the average fiber length from filament to printed parts. X‐ray μ‐CT scans illustrated a more pronounced fiber alignment in CF‐PA filament than in the CF‐PA printed sample. TG analysis confirms approximately 20 wt.% CF content in the filament, with negligible residue in pure PA filament and samples. DSC shows enhanced thermal stability with CF reinforcement, while XRD confirms amorphous behavior in filament and printed parts. Tensile tests reveal anisotropic properties in FDM samples. The addition of short CFs increases Young's modulus but decreases strength. Examination of fractured surfaces reveals different failure modes for filament and printed coupons.
The devolution of federal reserve monetary policy strategy, 2012–24
Authors: Ireland Peter N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Federal Open Market Committee's 2012 Statement on Longer‐Run Goals and Monetary Policy Strategy interprets the Federal Reserve's dual mandate in light of the natural rate hypothesis and the New Keynesian “divine coincidence.” It sets a quantitative objective for inflation but not unemployment and acknowledges that the goals of price stability and maximum employment are generally complementary. The FOMC began deviating from these principles in December 2012, however, and the Committee's 2020 amended Strategy Statement appears to reflect, instead, the older view that the Phillips curve describes an exploitable trade‐off between inflation and unemployment. To bring its strategy back in line with the lessons of contemporary macroeconomic theory, the FOMC could simply abandon the 2020 amendments and return to its original 2012 framework. Alternatively, the Committee could eliminate the asymmetries and ambiguities that prevent its new strategy from having the desirable properties of a true price level targeting scheme.
The impact of AI recommendation for homogeneous products on product demand
Authors: Zhang Wei , Kong Hao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of science and technology and the widespread application of the Internet, there is a wide range of online goods. At the same time, the continuous development of artificial intelligence (AI) has made online shopping more convenient, fast and cost‐effective and has become one of the popular shopping methods. Online shopping gives consumers more freedom of choice, and the homogenization of online products increases the cost of choice for consumers, while AI recommendation systems can also reduce costs. Based on this, the focus of this article is on the impact of AI recommendations for homogeneous online products on consumer demand. This article starts from the perspective of network homogenization products, and through relevant literature, sorts out the impact of online evaluation and AI recommendation link information of network homogenization products under AI technology screening on consumer product demand. Combining with the characteristics of the current experience economy era introduces consumer experience value, and based on stimulus–organism–response (S‐O‐R) theory, constructs a conceptual model of this study and proposes corresponding hypotheses, analysing the relationship between AI recommendation, experiential value, and product demand for homogeneous products. The empirical research mainly adopts the method of questionnaire survey, and the variable measurement draws on previous mature scales to redesign the measurement scale suitable for the actual research in this article. This survey ultimately distributed and collected 207 valid questionnaires and used SPSS software to conduct reliability and validity tests, factor analysis and regression analysis on the collected data. Through empirical analysis, it is found that online evaluation, AI recommendation information and experiential value of homogeneous products have a significant positive impact on product demand. Experience value plays a partial mediating role in the impact of online evaluation of homogeneous products on product demand and a complete mediating role in the impact of AI recommendation information of homogeneous products on product demand. Based on the above conclusions, this article proposes countermeasures and suggestions for the three main entities of e‐commerce platforms, merchants and consumers. This study theoretically enriches and improves marketing theory, expanding the research perspective of S‐O‐R theory. In practice, providing suggestions for different entities is conducive to achieving mutual benefit and win–win situation among the platform, merchants and consumers and assisting in building a harmonious consumption environment.
Probabilistic evaluation of failure time of reinforced concrete frame in post‐earthquake fire scenario
Authors: Moradi Majid , Tavakoli HamidReza , Abdollahzade GholamReza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper aims at assessing the failure time of a 7‐story reinforced concrete (RC) frame in a post‐earthquake fire (PEF) event probabilistically. Cumulative distribution functions (CDF) of the studied frame's failure time in various seismic load intensities have been calculated and presented with the aid of Monte Carlo analysis. Seismic load intensity, failure time, and failure probability are three parameters that are correlated through probabilistic analysis. The effects of cracking, spalling, and residual deformations resulted from the seismic load are considered in the strength of structure against the fire load. Seismic load intensity, materials properties, gravity load, and geometry are considered as random variables and one probabilistic analysis has been carried out for each seismic load intensity. The results have illustrated that in low seismic load intensities, probabilistic values of failure time in a structure subjected to pure fire load are equal to the one exposed to PEF. With the increase of seismic load intensity, the effects of cracking, spalling, and residual deformations would lead to a decline in the strength of structural elements against PEF scenario. The failure time in 50% failure probability for Sa = 0.2 g, Sa = 1 g, and Sa = 2 g intensities has been calculated as 14,300, 12,200, and 5100 s, respectively. The analysis results have shown that in an unspecified seismic load intensity, the failure time of the 7‐story RC frame for the 50% occurrence probability is equal to 9750 s.
Simplified method for predicting the internal forces in strut‐and‐tie model of cable pylon anchorage zone in a cable‐stayed bridge
Authors: Li Shengyu , Lim Erwin , Chen Zhengqing , Hong Yu , Pu Qianhui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe mechanical behavior of cable pylon anchorage zone in a cable‐stayed bridge is complex due to high localized stresses. A strut‐and‐tie model (STM) has been introduced in this paper, which is recommended as an efficient way to analyze the disturbed region. However, predicting the internal forces in the tie members in the STM by integrating stresses was time‐consuming and inefficient. To address this issue, the principle of minimum strain energy was used to analyze the STM of the cable pylon anchorage zone. A simplified method was presented to assess the internal forces in the cable pylon anchorage zone. Moreover, an actual bridge (Cao'e River Bridge) was employed to be analyzed, and the prestressed steel strands in the bridge were obtained by the simplified method. A full‐scale test model of the bridge was fabricated to validate the accuracy of the simplified method. Furthermore, based on the simplified method, the effect of the thickness of front wall, the length of inner opening straight section, the thickness of side wall, the thickness of inner wall and the width of inner opening straight section on the internal force in the tie members in the STM was studied. The results show that the length of inner opening straight section has negligible effect on the internal forces in all tie members. Compared with the thickness of the side wall, the thickness of inner wall and the width of inner opening straight section have limited effect on the internal force of tie members. This study was expected to promote the design of cable pylon anchorage zone.
Age-related alterations in vortex veins on indocyanine green angiography
Authors: Cai Chen-Xi , Yu Shan-Shan , Xiong Xiao-Mei , Liu Bing-Qian , Lin Zhen-Qiang , Wang Qiang , Cui Jin-Li , Liu Ze-Hao , Li Tao , Lu Lin , Lin Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo determine age-related alterations in vortex veins in healthy subjects. A total of 228 healthy subjects (aged 4 to 86 years) were recruited and divided into four groups (G1, <21 years; G2, 21–40 years; G3, 41–60 years; and G4, 61–86 years). The clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded, and parameters including the number of vortex vein roots (NVVR), the central vortex vein diameter (CVVD), the mean root area of the vortex vein (MRAVV), and the weighted mean of the thickest branch diameter (WMTBD) were obtained by marking the vortex veins on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). The NVVR in the age group over 60 years old was significantly lower than that in other age groups (P < 0.05). The CVVD, MRAVV, and WMTBD of all age groups increased with increasing age (P < 0.05). The NVVR was unevenly distributed among the quadrants (P < 0.001). The proportions of type four vortex veins (complete systems including ampulla) and anastomotic branches of the vortex veins were significantly increased in elderly participants over 50 years of age (P < 0.05). Subfoveal choroidal thickness was significantly correlated with age, NVVR, CVVD and MRAVV (P < 0.05). This is the first study to reveal age-related alterations in vortex veins on ICGA in a healthy population. Aging may lead to partial vortex occlusion and residual vortex dilation. As age increases, anastomotic branches increasingly appear between the originally independent vortex veins. Translational relevance: Aging may lead to partial vortex occlusion and residual vortex dilation.
Revitalizing Golshan and Sharifieh caravanserais: a study in adaptive reuse and urban preservation
Authors: Hoursan Faezeh , Mofidi Mehranoosh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe inefficient urban textures often turn into hotspots of social anomalies, leading to depressed, insecure, and non-participatory spaces. The issue of preserving historic urban textures and their dynamic evolution is essential for sustainable urban development. This research delves into the potential for adaptive reuse of the Golshan and Sharifiye caravanserais in the Hamadan city in Iran. These historically valuable structures previously helped in the facilitation of trade and travel; now, they need regeneration. The research, therefore, aims to harness the tourism and functional capacity of the abandoned Sharifiye caravanserai by linking it with the more popular Golshan caravanserai. This link will prevent abandonment and the deterioration of the Sharifiye caravanserai through the creation of an in-between space since it revitalizes both sites. The study emphasizes preserving cultural heritage while at the same time accommodating modern amenities to meet present needs. Therefore, the proposed adaptive reuse method would focus on preserving historical integrity while enabling the building to have a contemporary use. The method then proposes the creation of a transitional zone that transits the historic fabric to modern interventions. The revitalization and reuse of these caravanserais should be able to attract traders, generate hospitable conditions for residents, and increase local income through the tourism generated and the commerce of handicrafts and traditional arts. Effective principles of adaptive reuse are needed to maintain stability in the structure and function of these buildings. The study concludes that a balanced and thoughtful adaptive reuse approach with in-between space can bring transformation in the abandoned space into a lively cultural hub that would contribute both towards economic and cultural development in Hamadan.