bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver resection and ablation for metastatic melanoma: A single center experience
Authors: Doussot Alexandre , Nardin Charlée , Takaki Haruyuki , Litchman Tess D. , D'Angelica Michael I. , Jarnagin William R. , Postow Michael A. , Erinjeri Joseph P. , Kingham T. Peter 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUNDThe median survival for patients with stage IV metastatic melanoma is usually limited to approximately 1 year. In the case of liver metastasis, resection and ablation can achieve long‐term survival. This study aimed to describe the outcomes after liver resection or ablation for metastatic melanoma to the liver and identify preoperative prognostic factors.METHODSForty eight patients who underwent liver resection (n = 32) or percutaneous ablation (n = 16) were identified from the 1,523 patients with melanoma liver metastases evaluated between January1993 and January 2013.RESULTSMedian OS was 25.9 months. Median OS was not different after ablation (18 months) and resection (26 months; P > 0.2). Patients in the ablation group more often presented with extrahepatic disease (EHD) (P = 0.008) and received more frequently systemic therapy before ablation (P = 0.005). Patients without EHD tended to have longer OS (26.5 vs. 12 months; P = 0.076) and PFS (13 vs. 5 months; P = 0.11) in the whole cohort. EHD was significantly associated with a worse OS in the resection group (P = 0.034).CONCLUSIONLiver resection is associated to prolonged survival over 24 months and should be considered only in selected patients with metastatic disease confined to the liver. In patients not candidate for surgery, tumor ablation can be considered. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:962–968. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Factorial Validity of the Decisional Involvement Scale as a Measure of Content and Context of Nursing Practice
Authors: Yurek Leo A. , Havens Donna S. , Hays Spencer , Hughes Linda C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDecisional involvement is widely recognized as an essential component of a professional nursing practice environment. In recent years, researchers have added to the conceptualization of nurses’ role in decision‐making to differentiate between the content and context of nursing practice. Yet, instruments that clearly distinguish between these two dimensions of practice are lacking. The purpose of this study was to examine the factorial validity of the Decisional Involvement Scale (DIS) as a measure of both the content and context of nursing practice. This secondary analysis was conducted using data from a longitudinal action research project to improve the quality of nursing practice and patient care in six hospitals (N = 1,034) in medically underserved counties of Pennsylvania. A cross‐sectional analysis of baseline data from the parent study was used to compare the factor structure of two models (one nested within the other) using confirmatory factor analysis. Although a comparison of the two models indicated that the addition of second‐order factors for the content and context of nursing practice improved model fit, neither model provided optimal fit to the data. Additional model‐generating research is needed to develop the DIS as a valid measure of decisional involvement for both the content and context of nursing practice. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pharmacological profiling of the hemodynamic effects of cannabinoid ligands: a combined in vitro and in vivo approach
Authors: Walsh Sarah K. , Hepburn Claire Y. , Keown Oliver , Åstrand Annika , Lindblom Anna , Ryberg Erik , Hjorth Stephan , Leslie Stephan J. , Greasley Peter J. , Wainwright Cherry L. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe receptors mediating the hemodynamic responses to cannabinoids are not clearly defined due to the multifarious pharmacology of many commonly used cannabinoid ligands. While both CB1 and TRPV1 receptors are implicated, G protein‐coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) may also mediate some of the hemodynamic effects of several atypical cannabinoid ligands. The present studies attempted to unravel the pharmacology underlying the in vivo hemodynamic responses to ACEA (CB1 agonist), O‐1602 (GPR55 agonist), AM251 (CB1 antagonist), and cannabidiol (CBD; GPR55 antagonist). Agonist and antagonist profiles of each ligand were determined by ligand‐induced GTPγS binding in membrane preparations expressing rat and mouse CB1 and GPR55 receptors. Blood pressure responses to ACEA and O‐1602 were recorded in anesthetized and conscious mice (wild type, CB1−/− and GPR55−/−) and rats in the absence and presence of AM251 and CBD. ACEA demonstrated GTPγS activation at both receptors, while O‐1602 only activated GPR55. AM251 exhibited antagonist activity at CB1 and agonist activity at GPR55, while CBD demonstrated selective antagonist activity at GPR55. The depressor response to ACEA was blocked by AM251 and attenuated by CBD, while O‐1602 did not induce a depressor response. AM251 caused a depressor response that was absent in GPR55−/− mice but enhanced by CBD, while CBD caused a small vasodepressor response that persisted in GPR55−/− mice. Our findings show that assessment of the pharmacological profile of receptor activation by cannabinoid ligands in in vitro studies alongside in vivo functional studies is essential to understand the role of cannabinoids in hemodynamic control.
TRO40303, a mitochondrial‐targeted cytoprotective compound, provides protection in hepatitis models
Authors: Schaller Sophie , Michaud Magali , Latyszenok Virginie , Robert Fabrice , Hocine Mélanie , Arnoux Thomas , Gabriac Mélanie , Codoul Hélène , Bourhane Ahmed , de Bellefois Isabel Clémançon , Afxantidis Jean , Pruss Rebecca M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTRO40303 is cytoprotective compound that was shown to reduce infarct size in preclinical models of myocardial infarction. It targets mitochondria, delays mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and reduces oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes submitted to ischemia/reperfusion in vitro. Because the involvement of the mitochondria and the mPTP has been demonstrated in chronic as well as acute hepatitis, we investigated the potential of TRO40303 to prevent hepatocyte injury. A first set of in vitro studies showed that TRO40303 (from 0.3 to 3 μmol/L) protected HepG2 cells and primary mouse embryonic hepatocytes (PMEH) from palmitate intoxication, a model mimicking steatohepatitis. In PMEH, TRO40303 provided similar protection against cell death due to Jo2 anti‐Fas antibody intoxication. Further studies were then preformed in a mouse model of Fas‐induced fulminant hepatitis induced by injecting Jo2 anti‐Fas antibody. When mice received a sublethal dose of Jo2 at 125 μg/kg, TRO40303 pretreatment prevented liver enzyme elevation in plasma in parallel with a decrease in cytochrome C release from mitochondria and caspase 3 and 7 activation in hepatic tissue. When higher, lethal doses of Jo2 were administered, TRO40303 (10 and 30 mg/kg) significantly reduced mortality by 65–90% when administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 1 h before Jo2 injection, a time when TRO40303 plasma concentrations reached their peak. TRO40303 (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was also able to reduce mortality by 30–50% when administered 1 h postlethal Jo2 intoxication. These results suggest that TRO40303 could be a promising new therapy for the treatment or prevention of hepatitis.
Dimeric human sulfotransferase 1B1 displays cofactor‐dependent subunit communication
Authors: Tibbs Zachary E. , Falany Charles N. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) are dimeric enzymes that catalyze the transformation of hydrophobic drugs and hormones into hydrophilic sulfate esters thereby providing the body with an important pathway for regulating small molecule activity and excretion. WhileSULTdimerization is highly conserved, the necessity for the interaction has not been established. To perform its function, aSULTmust efficiently bind the universal sulfate donor, 3′‐phosphoadenosine‐5′‐phosphosulfate (PAPS), and release the byproduct, 3′, 5′‐diphosphoadenosine (PAP), following catalysis. We hypothesize this efficient binding and release ofPAPS/PAPmay be connected toSULTdimerization. To allow for the visualization of dynamic protein interactions critical for addressing this hypothesis and to generate kinetically testable hypotheses, molecular dynamic simulations (MDS) ofhSULT1B1 were performed withPAPSandPAPbound to each dimer subunit in various combinations. The results suggest the dimer subunits may possess the capability of communicating with one another in a manner dependent on the presence of the cofactor.PAPorPAPSbinding to a single side of the dimer results in decreased backbone flexibility of both the bound and unbound subunits, implying the dimer subunits may not act independently. Further, binding ofPAPto one subunit of the dimer andPAPSto the other caused increased flexibility in the subunit bound to the inactive cofactor (PAP). These results suggestSULTdimerization may be important in maintaining cofactor binding/release properties ofSULTs and provide hypothetical explanations forSULThalf‐site reactivity and substrate inhibition, which can be analyzed in vitro.
Evaluation of biomarkers for in vitro prediction of drug‐induced nephrotoxicity: comparison of HK‐2, immortalized human proximal tubule epithelial, and primary cultures of human proximal tubular cells
Authors: Huang Johnny X. , Kaeslin Geraldine , Ranall Max V. , Blaskovich Mark A. , Becker Bernd , Butler Mark S. , Little Melissa H. , Lash Lawrence H. , Cooper Matthew A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThere has been intensive effort to identify in vivo biomarkers that can be used to monitor drug‐induced kidney damage and identify injury before significant impairment occurs. Kidney injury molecule‐1 (KIM‐1), neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), and human macrophage colony stimulating factor (M‐CSF) have been validated as urinary and plasma clinical biomarkers predictive of acute and chronic kidney injury and disease. Similar validation of a high throughput in vitro assay predictive of nephrotoxicity could potentially be implemented early in drug discovery lead optimization to reduce attrition at later stages of drug development. To assess these known in vivo biomarkers for their potential for in vitro screening of drug‐induced nephrotoxicity, we selected a panel of nephrotoxic agents and examined their effects on the overexpression of nephrotoxicity biomarkers in immortalized (HK‐2) and primary (commercially available and freshly in‐house produced) human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. Traditional cytotoxicity was contrasted with expression levels of KIM‐1, NGAL, and M‐CSF assessed using ELISA and real‐time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Traditional cytotoxicity assays and biomarker assays using HK‐2 cells were both unsuitable for prediction of nephrotoxicity. However, increases in protein levels of KIM‐1 and NGAL in primary cells were well correlated with dose levels of known nephrotoxic compounds, with limited correlation seen in M‐CSF protein and mRNA levels. These results suggest that profiling compounds against primary cells with monitoring of biomarker protein levels may have potential as in vitro predictive assays of drug‐induced nephrotoxicity.
Parental problem drinking and adolescent externalizing behaviors: The mediating role of family functioning
Authors: Finan Laura J. , Schulz Jessica , Gordon Mellissa S. , Ohannessian Christine McCauley 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThis study explored relationships among parental problem drinking, family functioning, and adolescent externalizing behaviors. The unique effects of maternal and paternal drinking were examined separately for girls and boys. The sample included 14–19 year old U.S. adolescents (Mage = 16.15; SD = .75; 52.5% female) and their parents. Participants completed surveys in the spring of 2007 and 2008. Structural equation modeling was used to conduct path analysis models. Results showed the distinctive and adverse effects of parental problem drinking on adolescent alcohol use, drug use, rule breaking, and aggressive behavior over time. Findings also highlighted the indirect and mediating roles of family functioning. For both girls and boys, family cohesion mediated the relationship between parental problem drinking and adolescent externalizing behaviors. For girls, adolescent–father communication predicted increased externalizing behaviors over time. These findings draw attention to the importance of exploring adolescent and parent gender when examining parental problem drinking, family functioning, and externalizing behaviors.
Firing properties of auditory primary afferents from the basilar papilla in the chick
Authors: Galicia Salvador , Cortes Celso , Cebada Jorge , Méndez‐Balbuena Ignacio , Flores Amira 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe performed intracellular and single‐unit extracellular recordings of neurons from different regions of the basilar papilla in the isolated chicken inner ear. We compared the spontaneous activity and the response properties of these neurons in embryos at E15 versus posthatching animals at P1. The recordings were carried out from the apical (position 0) to the basal extension at three positions of the basilar papilla, at 5%, 10% and 40% of the entire length of the cochlea. We found that the neurons at E15 recorded from these three regions exhibited a significant higher coefficient of variation compared with those neurons at P1 recorded in the same positions. This shows that in the posthatching age P1 the neurons from the whole basilar papilla become less irregular. We found that the intracellular action potential waveforms generated at E15 had small amplitudes and small depolarization slopes in comparison to those recorded at P1, respectively (53 ± 1 mV vs. 62 ± 2 mV; 66 ± 12 mV/msec vs. 166 ± 23 mV/msec). Furthermore, we also found that the response patterns to injection of current steps were phasic, tonic, or in the form of a not yet reported “burst” pattern. Our study shows that the low irregular discharge, the immature action potential waveforms, and the differences in the response patterns to current injection, highlights the important differences between neurons at E15 and P1, consistent with the incapacity of auditory neurons at embryonic age E16, to respond at sound levels <100 decibels.
Chronic overexpression of cerebral Epo improves the ventilatory response to acute hypoxia during the postnatal development
Authors: Caravagna Céline , Schneider Gasser Edith M. , Ballot Orlane , Joseph Vincent , Soliz Jorge 
Published: June 2015

AbstractClinicians observed that the treatment of premature human newborns for anemia with erythropoietin (Epo) also improved their respiratory autonomy. This observation is in line with our previous in vitro studies showing that acute and chronic Epo stimulation enhances fictive breathing of brainstem‐spinal cord preparations of postnatal day 3–4 mice during hypoxia. Furthermore, we recently reported that the antagonization of the cerebral Epo (by using the soluble Epo receptor; sEpoR) significantly reduced the basal ventilation and the hypoxic ventilatory response of 10 days old mice. In this study, we used transgenic (Tg21) mice to investigate the effect of the chronic cerebral Epo overexpression on the modulation of the normoxic and hypoxic ventilatory drive during the post‐natal development. Ventilation was evaluated by whole body plethysmography at postnatal ages 3 (P3), 7 (P7), 15 (P15) and 21 (P21). In addition Epo quantification was performed by RIA and mRNA EpoR was evaluated by qRT‐PCR. Our results showed that compared to control animals the chronic Epo overexpression stimulates the hypoxic (but not the normoxic) ventilation assessed as at the ages of P3 and P21. More interestingly, we observed that at P7 and P15 the chronic Epo stimulation of ventilation was attenuated by the down regulation of the Epo receptor in brainstem areas. We conclude that Epo, by stimulating ventilation in brainstem areas crucially helps tolerating physiological (e.g., high altitude) and/or pathological (e.g., respiratory disorders, prematurity, etc.) oxygen deprivation at postnatal ages.
Association between pre-hospital vitamin D status and hospital-acquired new-onset delirium
Authors: Quraishi Sadeq A. , Litonjua Augusto A. , Elias Kevin M. , Gibbons Fiona K. , Giovannucci Edward , Camargo Carlos A. , Christopher Kenneth B. 
Published: June 2015

The goal of the present study was to determine whether pre-hospital 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with the risk of hospital-acquired new-onset delirium (HANOD). We performed a retrospective cohort study of 4508 adult inpatients at two teaching hospitals in Boston from 1993 to 2006. All patients had 25(OH)D levels measured before hospital admission. The main outcome measure was HANOD, defined as the onset of delirium during an acute care hospitalisation. Patients with a history of delirium or dementia, or those with a diagnosis of delirium or dementia upon acute care hospitalisation were excluded from the analysis. To test the association of pre-hospital 25(OH)D levels with HANOD, we constructed a multivariable logistic regression model to adjust for clinically relevant covariates. Among our patient cohort, the mean 25(OH)D level was 22 (sd13) ng/ml and approximately 4 % of patients met the criteria for HANOD. Following adjustment for age, sex, race (non-whitev.white), patient type (medicalv.surgical) and Deyo–Charlson Index, patients with 25(OH)D levels < 10, 10–19·9 and 20–29·9 ng/ml had higher odds of HANOD than patients with 25(OH)D levels ≥ 30 ng/ml: OR 2·15 (95 % CI 1·32, 3·50), OR 1·54 (95 % CI 0·98, 2·43) and OR 1·23 (95 % CI, 0·76, 1·99), respectively. These data support the rationale for randomised, controlled trials to test the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of HANOD.
‘ENTIRELY CHRISTIAN AND ENTIRELY AFRICAN’: CATHOLIC AFRICAN STUDENTS IN FRANCE IN THE ERA OF INDEPENDENCE
Authors: FOSTER ELIZABETH 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article examines the activism of militant Catholic African students in France in the 1950s. Largely left out of the historiography of the period, they developed a unique perspective on Africa's future, informed by their dual (and often fraught) identity as Africans and Catholics. They undertook a strident campaign to convince French Catholics and the Church hierarchy of the necessity of decolonization, trying to change the Church from the inside.
Neonatal environment exerts a sustained influence on the development of the intestinal microbiota and metabolic phenotype
Authors: Merrifield Claire A , Lewis Marie C , Berger Bernard , Cloarec Olivier , Heinzmann Silke S , Charton Florence , Krause Lutz , Levin Nadine S , Duncker Swantje , Mercenier Annick , Holmes Elaine , Bailey Mick , Nicholson Jeremy K 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The postnatal environment, including factors such as weaning and acquisition of the gut microbiota, has been causally linked to the development of later immunological diseases such as allergy and autoimmunity, and has also been associated with a predisposition to metabolic disorders. We show that the very early-life environment influences the development of both the gut microbiota and host metabolic phenotype in a porcine model of human infants. Farm piglets were nursed by their mothers for 1 day, before removal to highly controlled, individual isolators where they received formula milk until weaning at 21 days. The experiment was repeated, to create two batches, which differed only in minor environmental fluctuations during the first day. At day 1 after birth, metabolic profiling of serum by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated significant, systemic, inter-batch variation which persisted until weaning. However, the urinary metabolic profiles demonstrated that significant inter-batch effects on 3-hydroxyisovalerate, trimethylamine-N-oxide and mannitol persisted beyond weaning to at least 35 days. Batch effects were linked to significant differences in the composition of colonic microbiota at 35 days, determined by 16 S pyrosequencing. Different weaning diets modulated both the microbiota and metabolic phenotype independently of the persistent batch effects. We demonstrate that the environment during the first day of life influences development of the microbiota and metabolic phenotype and thus should be taken into account when interrogating experimental outcomes. In addition, we suggest that intervention at this early time could provide ‘metabolic rescue’ for at-risk infants who have undergone aberrant patterns of initial intestinal colonisation.
Diversity and functions of bacterial community in drinking water biofilms revealed by high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Chao Yuanqing , Mao Yanping , Wang Zhiping , Zhang Tong 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe development of biofilms in drinking water (DW) systems may cause various problems to water quality. To investigate the community structure of biofilms on different pipe materials and the global/specific metabolic functions of DW biofilms, PCR-based 454 pyrosequencing data for 16S rRNA genes and Illumina metagenomic data were generated and analysed. Considerable differences in bacterial diversity and taxonomic structure were identified between biofilms formed on stainless steel and biofilms formed on plastics, indicating that the metallic materials facilitate the formation of higher diversity biofilms. Moreover, variations in several dominant genera were observed during biofilm formation. Based on PCA analysis, the global functions in the DW biofilms were similar to other DW metagenomes. Beyond the global functions, the occurrences and abundances of specific protective genes involved in the glutathione metabolism, the SoxRS system, the OxyR system, RpoS regulated genes and the production/degradation of extracellular polymeric substances were also evaluated. A near-complete and low-contamination draft genome was constructed from the metagenome of the DW biofilm, based on the coverage and tetranucleotide frequencies and identified as a Bradyrhizobiaceae-like bacterium according to a phylogenetic analysis. Our findings provide new insight into DW biofilms, especially in terms of their metabolic functions.
High resolution imaging of intracellular oxygen concentration by phosphorescence lifetime
Authors: Kurokawa Hiromi , Ito Hidehiro , Inoue Mai , Tabata Kenji , Sato Yoshifumi , Yamagata Kazuya , Kizaka-Kondoh Shinae , Kadonosono Tetsuya , Yano Shigenobu , Inoue Masahiro , Kamachi Toshiaki 
Published: June 2015

AbstractOptical methods using phosphorescence quenching by oxygen are suitable for sequential monitoring and non-invasive measurements for oxygen concentration (OC) imaging within cells. Phosphorescence intensity measurement is widely used with phosphorescent dyes. These dyes are ubiquitously but heterogeneously distributed inside the whole cell. The distribution of phosphorescent dye is a major disadvantage in phosphorescence intensity measurement. We established OC imaging system for a single cell using phosphorescence lifetime and a laser scanning confocal microscope. This system had improved spatial resolution and reduced the measurement time with the high repetition rate of the laser. By the combination of ubiquitously distributed phosphorescent dye with this lifetime imaging microscope, we can visualize the OC inside the whole cell and spheroid. This system uses reversible phosphorescence quenching by oxygen, so it can measure successive OC changes from normoxia to anoxia. Lower regions of OC inside the cell colocalized with mitochondria. The time-dependent OC change in an insulin-producing cell line MIN6 by the glucose stimulation was successfully visualized. Assessing the detailed distribution and dynamics of OC inside cells achieved by the presented system will be useful to understanding a physiological and pathological oxygen metabolism.