bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible Surface Acoustic Wave Based Temperature and Humidity Sensors
Authors: He X.L. , Zhou J. , Wang W.B. , Xuan W.P. , Li D.J. , Dong S.R. , Jin H. , Xu Y. , Luo J.K. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTFlexible surface acoustic wave (SAW) based temperature and humidity sensors were fabricated and characterized. ZnO piezoelectric films were deposited on polyimide substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. ZnO films possess (0002) crystal orientation with large grain sizes of 50∼70 nm. SAW devices showed two wave modes, namely the Rayleigh and Lamb modes, with the frequencies at fR ∼132MHz and fL∼427MHz respectively for a wavelength of 12 μm device. The two resonant frequencies have a temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of −423ppm/K and −258ppm/K for the Rayleigh and Lamb waves, respectively. The SAW sensors exhibited a good repeatability in responding to cyclic change of humidity. The responses of the sensors increase with the increase in humidity, and the sensitivity increases with the decrease in wavelength. A high sensitivity of 34.7 kHz/10%RH has been obtained from a SAW device without any surface treatment, demonstrated that the flexible SAW humidity sensors are very promising for application in flexible sensors and microsystems.
Atomic Scale Modelling of the Primary Damage State of Irradiated UO2 Matrix
Authors: Van Brutzel Laurent , Crocombette Jean-Paul 
Published: January 2014

AbstractLarge scale classical molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to study the primary damage state due to a-decay self irradiation in UO2 matrix. Simulations of energetic displacement cascades up to the realistic energy of the recoil nucleus at 80 keV provide new informations on defect production, their spatial distribution and their clustering. The discrepancy with the classical linear theory NRT (Norton-Robinson-Torrens) law on the creation of the number of point defects is discussed. Study of cascade overlap sequence shows a saturation of the number of point defects created as the dose increases. Toward the end of the overlap sequence, large stable clusters of vacancies are observed. The values of athermal diffusion coefficients coming from the ballistic collisions and the additional point defects created during the cascades are estimated from these simulations to be, in all the cases, less than 10-26 m2/s. Finally, the influence of a grain boundary of type Sigma5 is analysed. It has been found that the energy of the cascades are dissipated along the interface and that most of the point defects are created at the grain boundary.
Use of Conjoint Analysis to Assess Breast Cancer Patient Preferences for Chemotherapy Side Effects
Authors: Beusterien Kathleen , Grinspan Jessica , Kuchuk Iryna , Mazzarello Sasha , Dent Susan , Gertler Stan , Bouganim Nathaniel , Vandermeer Lisa , Clemons Mark 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Objective.
Our objective was to evaluate preferences associated with grade I/II and grade III/IV chemotherapy side effects among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. We also assessed trade-offs that patients are willing to make between treatment side effects and the route and schedule of treatment administration.

Methods.
In this cross-sectional study, patients receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer completed a one-time Web survey. Conjoint analysis was used to elicit preferences for 17 grade I/II and III/IV side effects associated with available chemotherapies and regimens. In the analysis, the risk of each side effect was increased by 5%, holding all others constant, and the respective impact on patient preferences was identified.

Results.
A total of 102 women participated (mean age 54 ± 11). Among the grade I/II side effects, a 5% reduction in the risk of sensory neuropathy, nausea, and motor neuropathy had the highest impact on preferences. Among grade III/IV side effects, motor neuropathy, nausea/vomiting, and myalgia made the most difference. An oral twice-daily regimen was most preferred; however, patients were willing to receive an intravenous regimen relative to oral to avoid an increased risk of 5% in the majority of side effects. Avoiding an increased chance of grade III/IV motor neuropathy was associated with willingness to tolerate one of the least preferred administration schedules.

Conclusion.
This study identified relative preferences among both mild/moderate to severe side effects from the patient perspective. Patients appear to be willing to make trade-offs between side effects and different regimens. These findings may help to inform medical decision-making processes.
Deep-Water Facies of the Spraberry Formation (Permian), Reagan County, Texas
Authors: Handford C. Robertson 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The Spraberry Formation forms the heart of a multibillion-barrel oil field in the Midland Basin, west Texas. Production is from very fine sandstones and siltstones that form low-permeability and low-pressure reservoirs across eight counties in west Texas. The Sun Oil Co., Lottie Jalonick #1 core is continuous through the upper 222 feet (68 m) of the Spraberry Formation and is ideal for facies analysis.
Four lithofacies comprise the terrigenous clastics of the Spraberry and Dean Formations: (1) cross-laminated, massive, and parallel-laminated sandstone, (2) laminated siltstone, (3) bioturbated siltstone, and (4) black, organic-rich shale. Silty dolomite mudstone is a very minor carbonate component. Though not common in other cores, numerous fining-upward sequences of sandstone overlain by shale and laminated siltstone are common in the Jalonick core. These are interpreted to be deposits from saline density currents, generated in shelf lagoons and salt pans, as they were dispersed beyond channel mouths in the distal fringe of an upper Spraberry submarine fan. Laminated siltstones were deposited out of suspension from saline density interflows.
Decreased Pulmonary Function Measured in Children Exposed to High Environmental Relative Moldiness Index Homes
Authors: Vesper Stephen J. , Wymer Larry , Kennedy Suzanne , Grimsley L. Faye 
Published: January 2014

Background:
Exposures to water-damaged homes/buildings has been linked to deficits in respiratory health.
However, accurately quantifying this linkage has been difficult because of the methods used to assess water damage and
respiratory health.

Purpose:
The goal of this analysis was to determine the correlation between the water-damage, as defined by the
Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) value in an asthmatic child’s home, and the child’s pulmonary function
measured by spirometry, “forced expiratory volume in one second, percent predicted” or FEV1%.

Methods:
This analysis utilized data obtained from the “Heads-off Environmental Asthma in Louisiana” (HEAL) study.
The children (n= 109), 6 to 12 years of age, who had completed at least one spirometry evaluation and a dust sample
collected for ERMI analysis from the home at approximately the same time as the spirometry testing, were included in the
analysis. Statistical evaluation of the correlation between ERMI values and FEV1% was performed using the Spearman’s
Rank Correlation analysis. The relationship between ERMI values and FEV1% was performed using B-spline regression.

Results:
The average ERMI value in the HEAL study homes was 7.3. For homes with ERMI values between 2.5 and 15,
there was a significant inverse correlation with the child’s lung function or FEV1% measurement (Spearman’s rho -0.23;
p= 0.03), i.e. as the ERMI value increased, the FEV1% value decreased.

Conclusions:
Measures of water-damage (the ERMI) and clinical assessments of lung function (FEV1%) provided a
quantitative assessment of the impact of water-damaged home exposures on children’s respiratory health.
Applying Factor Analyses of Statistics to Evaluate Habitat Biodiversity Index in Dry‐Season Creeks
Authors: Su Tzu‐Chieh , Wong Mu‐Han , Huang Hung‐Pin 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to analyze the habitat factors (environmental variables) affecting dry‐season creek fish, and evaluate habitat biodiversity index (HBI) in dry‐season creeks. This research determined HBI formula by 133 study sites in the creek flows in seven rivers in Taiwan from 2007 to 2008. This research considered 10 habitat factors: water depth, width, length, pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, current velocity, rainfall, elevation, and substrate diversity. Using the principal component analysis (PCA), varimax rotated factor analysis (FA), and the simultaneous regression in product‐exponential model (PEM), fish total numbers and HBI were formulated by these 10 habitat factors. Pearson's correlation coefficient matrix and three‐factor loading plots reported that current flow velocity, rainfall, and elevation affected on fish numbers similarly; besides, water length (logarithmic) and width (logarithmic) had the positive and similar influences in fish numbers. Habitat evaluation levels were classified six groups, namely, excellent habitat, very good habitat, good habitat, fair habitat, poor habitat, and then very poor habitat. In brief, HBI was reasonable and calculated simply by 10 environmental variables of fish habitats. The results of this study can be applied extensively to evaluate the conditions of fish habitats in dry‐season creeks for habitat recovery projects.
Analysis of Trends and Changes in the Water Environment of an Inland River Basin in an Arid Area
Authors: Li Wei H. , Fu Ai H. , Zhou Hong H. , Zhu Cheng G. , Aji Dilinuer· 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT: Lake Bosten is the largest inland freshwater lake in China and plays a key role in the local arid‐area ecosystem. This study focuses on the dynamics of water salinity of Lake Bosten in the past 55 years (1955–2009) and intends to quantify the associations between the water salinity and the magnitudes of water level, inflow, outflow, total wastewater drainage into the lake, including industrial and residential wastewater. Correlation analysis reveals that the water salinity has strong associations with those six factors (R= −0.810, −0.510, −0.844, 0.903, 0.855, and 0.685, respectively). We predict that water level, inflow and water salinity of Lake Bosten will decline in 2010–2019. This study recommends a reduction in salt input to the Bosten River by reducing industrial wastewater discharge along the river and the development of clean production technology.
Advanced Treatment of Sodium Acetate in Water by Ozone Oxidation
Authors: Yang De‐min , Yuan Jian‐mei 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT: Ozone oxidation is an advanced oxidation process for treatment of organic and inorganic wastewater. In this paper, sodium acetate (according to chemical oxygen demand [COD]) was selected as the model pollutant in water, and the degradation efficiencies and mechanism of sodium acetate in water by ozone oxidation were investigated. The results showed that the ozone oxidation was an effective treatment technology for advanced treatment of sodium acetate in water; the COD removal rate obtained the maximum value of 45.89% from sodium acetate solution when the pH value was 10.82, ozone concentration was 100 mg/L, reaction time was 30 minutes, and reaction temperature was 25 °C. The COD removal rate increased first and decreased subsequently with the bicarbonate () concentration from 0 to 200 mg/L, the largest decline being 20.35%. The COD removal rate declined by 25.38% with the carbonate (CO32−) concentration from 0 to 200 mg/L; CO32− has a more obvious scavenging effect to inhibit the formation of hydroxyl free radicals than. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) could enhance the COD removal rate greatly; they could reach 77.35 and 96.53%, respectively, after a reaction time of 30 minutes, which was increased by 31.46 and 50.64%, respectively, compared with only ozone oxidation. It was proved that the main ozone oxidation product of sodium acetate was carbon dioxide (CO2), and the degradation of sodium acetate in the ozone oxidation process followed the mechanism of hydroxyl free radicals.
AlgaeSim: A Model for Integrated Algal Biofuel Production and Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Drexler Ivy L.C. , Joustra Caryssa , Prieto Ana , Bair Robert , Yeh Daniel H. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT: AlgaeSim, a dynamic multiple‐systems (C, N, P) mass balance model, was developed to explore the potential for algae biomass production from wastewater by coupling two photobioreactors into the main treatment train at a municipal wastewater resource recovery facility (WRRF) in Tampa, Florida. The scoping model examined the synergy between algae cultivation and wastewater treatment through algal growth and substrate removal kinetics, as well as through macroeconomic analyses of biomass conversion to bioproducts. Sensitivity analyses showed that biomass production is strongly dependent on Monod variables and harvesting regime, with sensitivity changing with growth phase. Profitability was sensitive to processing costs and market prices of products. Under scenarios based on current market conditions and typical algae production, AlgaeSim shows that a WRRF can potentially generate significant profit if algae are processed for biodiesel, biogas, or fertilizer. Wastewater resource recovery facilities could similarly save on operating costs resulting from the reduction in aeration (for nitrification) and chemicals (for denitrification).
NEW WEIGHTED OSTROWSKI AND OSTROWSKI-GRÜSS TYPE INEQUALITIES ON TIME SCALES
Authors: Liu Wenjun , Tuna Adnan , Jiang Yong 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In this paper we derive new weighted Ostrowski and Ostrowski-Grüss type inequalities on time scales. Some other interesting inequalities on time scales are also given as special cases.
Risk Analysis of Production Process for Automotive and Electrical Engineering Industry using FMEA
Authors: Bujna Marián , Prístavka Miroslav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is the most often used (and required by customers) tool for quality planning. The FMEA examines possible errors with their consequences for customers as well as their possible causes. This analysis can be realized on several levels (structure or process), and thus it may become a subject of various teams, from engineers of whole parts to those dealing with individual units, from workers preparing the manufacturing processes as a whole to those who prepare (or control or even perform) individual operations. The aim of this work is the analysis of risks using the FMEA for a selected production process and proposal of measures to eliminate risks.
Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Biodiesel And Bioethanol Samples
Authors: Božiková Monika , Hlaváč Peter 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This article deals with thermal properties of selected biodiesel and bioethanol samples (biodiesel No 1, No 2 and bioethanol No 1, No 2). Biodiesel is renewable fuel that can be manufactured from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled restaurant grease for use in diesel vehicles. Biodiesel‘s physical properties are similar to those of petroleum diesel, but it is a cleaner-burning alternative fuel. Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is a clear liquid. Also known as ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and EtOH, the molecules in this fuel contain a hydroxyl group (OH-) bonded to a carbon atom. Ethanol is made of the same chemical compound regardless of whether it is produced from starch and sugar-based feedstocks, such as corn grain, sugar cane, etc. The hot wire method was used for thermal parameters measurements. The experiment is based on measuring the temperature rise vs. time evaluation of an electrically heated wire embedded in the tested material. Thermal conductivity is derived from the resulting change in temperature over a known time interval. For two samples of biodiesel and two samples of bioethanol, there were determined basic thermophysical parameters - thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity. Two series of measurements were made for each sample of biodiesel and bioethanol. In the first series, there were measured the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity at constant room temperature 20 °C. Every thermophysical parameter was measured 10 times for each sample. The results were statistically processed. In the second series of measurements, there were measured the relations of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity to temperature in temperature range 20-29 °C. It was evident from results that all measured dependencies are nonlinear. Polynomial functions described by polynomial coefficients were obtained for both thermophysical parameters. The type of function was selected according to statistical evaluation based on the coefficient of determination for every thermophysical parameter graphical dependency. All obtained results are presented in Figures 1-4 and in Tables 1-4. The results of thermophysical parameters measurements of biodiesel and bioethanol could be compared with the values presented in literature.
Unscented and extended Kalman filters study for sensorless control of PM synchronous motors with load torque estimation
Authors: Zawirski K. , Janiszewski D. , Muszynski R. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This paper describes a study and the experimental verification of sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motors using Kalman filters. There are proposed two structures, extended and unscented Kalman filters, which use only the measurement of the motor current for on-line estimation of speed, rotor position and load torque reconstruction. The Kalman filter is an optimal state estimator and is usually applied to a dynamic system that involves a random noise environment. These structures are described in detail, starting with the selection of the variables state vector, the filters structure, and ending with in-depth laboratory tests. It has become possible, without using position and torque sensors, to apply these control structures as a cost-effective solution. Experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed estimation techniques.
Interval arithmetic-based fuzzy discrete-time crane control scheme design
Authors: Smoczek J. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In many manufacturing segments, container terminals and shipping yards the automation of material handling systems is an important element of enhancing productivity, safety and efficiency. The fast, precise and safe transfer of goods in crane operations requires a control application solving the problems, including non-collision trajectory planning and limitation of payload oscillations. The paper presents the interval arithmetic-based method of designing a discrete-time closed-loop anti-sway crane control system based on the fuzzy interpolation of linear controller parameters. The interval analysis of a closed-loop control system characteristic polynomial coefficients deviation from their nominal values is proposed to define a minimum number of fuzzy sets on the scheduling variables universe of discourse and to determine the distribution of triangular-shaped membership functions parameters, which satisfy the acceptable range of performances deterioration in the presence of the system’s parameters variation. The effectiveness of this method was proved in experiments conducted using the PAC system on the laboratory scaled overhead crane.
Robustness of schedules for project scheduling problem with cash flow optimisation
Authors: Klimek M. , Łebkowski P. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper presents the resource-constrained project scheduling with cash flow optimisation. New project models with bonuspenalty system and payoff in stages have been proposed. For the models presented, the application of proactive scheduling is analysed, as designed to improve project execution under uncertainty. Next, schedule robustness is discussed and measures of robustness are proposed.
Interpretation of Geoheritage for Geotourism – a Comparison of Chinese geoparks and National Parks in the United States
Authors: Ren Fang , Simonson Louis , Pan Zhixin 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This study presents an interpretation system model of geoheritage to facilitate the understanding of geoscience knowledge by the common lay person. Interpretation system construction is crucial to geoparks and is a shared value. The improvement of the effectiveness of geoheritage interpretation is still under exploration. Therefore, the interpretation systems of two global geoparks in China are outlined and compared with the interpretation system in Zion National Park in the United States. From lessons and experiences, this paper suggests utilizing geotourism as a complete contextual communication system, in which a geopark (source) delivers information about its unique cultural and natural values to target tourists (receivers) through tourism activities (channels). The communication effect of geotourism is monitored by feedback from tourists through the post-travel surveys or activities. We expect that this model will provide a better interpretation of geoheritage with a new perspective.
WATER SAFETY PLANS FROM THE ENGINEER’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dombay Gábor 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Water safety plans are public health related risk management plans, covering the entire water supply system, based on the theorem of prevention. Risk evaluation is fundamental for setting up a risk management system. A modified risk assessment equation is shown which takes into account the severity of consequences of the hazard an accentuated way. This method was used successfully n a number of practical water safety system applications. Water safety plans are practical tools for water utility operators which can be applied in different fields of operation, from water quality improvement of decision support tool of developments. The role of the distribution system and its operation is clarified from water quality deterioration and risk mitigation point of view.
CLIMATE PARAMETERS IN BUILT ENVIRONMENT FROM ENERGETIC POINT OF VIEW – TOWARDS CLIMATE SEVERITY INDEX IN HUNGARY
Authors: Talamon Attila 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The building energy sector is not immune from the physical impacts of climate change and must adapt. The impacts are more gradual, such as changes to heating and cooling demand. Disruptions to the energy system can also have significant knock-on effects on other critical services. To improve the climate resilience of the building energy system, governments need to design and implement frameworks that encourage prudent adaptation, while the private sector should assess the risks and impacts as part of its investment decisions. Comprehensive studies covering the impact of climate change on the building energy sector are still lacking, though some regional and sector-specific analysis exists. The buildings sector has been examined in more depth than most, with studies finding that temperature increases are expected to boost demand for air conditioning, while fuel consumption for space heating will be reduced. For the follow-up research activity the question has been posed: How can the climate changing trends and the building sector rising energy demand meet in urban environment? As an outlook this present paper can be defined as an ex-ante document in the DENZERO Project towards generating the Hungarian Climate Severity/Energy Index.