bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel method for calculating prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Australia
Authors: Palmer Andrew J , Hitchens Peta L , Simpson Steve , O’Leary Beth , Colman Sam , Taylor Bruce V 
Published: April 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Australia in 2010 using a novel method based on Australia-wide prescription data for MS-specific disease modifying agents. The results obtained were validated against two other prevalence estimates. Methods: We obtained the total number of scripts for medications that were used exclusively for the treatment of MS written in Australia for the period January–December 2010. The percentage of MS patients using medications (42–55%) was taken from state-specific surveys of MS Society clients. To estimate prevalence we divided the annual number of scripts dispensed by 12 and adjusted for penetration of medications by state. Results: The prevalence of MS in Australia in 2010 calculated using the prescription method was 21,283 people (95.5/100,000). This compared to 21,200 people (95.2/100,000) obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers (SDAC) survey of 2009 and 20,471 people (91.9/100,000) using MS Society client numbers. Prevalence increased with increasing latitude, with the prevalence for Tasmania over seven times that of the Northern Territory. Results were sensitive to the percentage of people with MS being treated. Conclusions: Calculation of prevalence of MS using nation-wide prescription data is a novel method that generates results similar to other potentially more resource-intensive methods.
Reperfusion of cerebral artery thrombosis by the GPIb–VWF blockade with the Nanobody ALX-0081 reduces brain infarct size in guinea pigs
Authors: Momi Stefania , Tantucci Michela , Van Roy Maarten , Ulrichts Hans , Ricci Giovanni , Gresele Paolo 
Published: April 2013

Key Points
Blockade of VWF-A1 by ALX-0081 induces reperfusion of a thrombus-occluded middle cerebral artery without provoking cerebral bleeding. The interaction between GPIb and VWF is not only essential for platelet adhesion but also for initial thrombus stabilization.
A Sleeping Beauty screen reveals NF-kB activation in CLL mouse model
Authors: Zanesi Nicola , Balatti Veronica , Riordan Jesse , Burch Aaron , Rizzotto Lara , Palamarchuk Alexey , Cascione Luciano , Lagana Alessandro , Dupuy Adam J. , Croce Carlo M. , Pekarsky Yuri 
Published: April 2013

Key Points
Tcl1 cooperates with the NF-kB pathway in the pathogenesis of the aggressive form of CLL.
Persistent unsealed internal limiting membrane after Nd:YAG laser treatment for valsalva retinopathy
Authors: Zou Ming , Gao Sheng , Zhang Junjun , Zhang Meixia 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
To report a long-term complication of unsealed and un-reattached internal limiting membrane in Valsalva retinopathy after neodymium-doped yttrium–aluminium–garnet (Nd:YAG) laser membranotomy.

Case presentation
A 41-year-old man presenting with a massive premacular hemorrhage due to Valsalva retinopathy underwent Nd:YAG laser membranotomy. During follow-up, best-corrected visual acuity, retinal alteration and optical coherence tomography (OCT) outcomes were documented. One month after membranotomy, his visual acuity improved to 20/20 and the hemorrhage resolved completely. At an 8-month follow-up visit, the fundus showed progressive wrinkling of the internal limiting membrane with the laser perforation located in the center. OCT showed a persistent unsealed and un-reattached internal limiting membrane.

Conclusions
Not all patients with Valslava retinopathy with premacular hemorrhage are appropriate candidates for laser membranotomy, especially patients with sub- internal limiting membrane hemorrhage. The key point for observation is the interface between internal limiting membrane and retinal surface. The long-term consequences of unsealed internal limiting membrane after Nd:YAG laser membranotomy require further understanding.
Geographic patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma mortality with exposure to iron in groundwater in Taiwanese population: An ecological study
Authors: Shyu Horng-Jeng , Lung Chia-Chi , Ho Chien-Chang , Sun Yi-Hua Iris , Ko Pei-Chieh , Huang Jing-Yang , Pan Chia-Chen , Chiang Yi-Chen , Chen Shih-Chang , Liaw Yung-Po 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Many studies have examined the risk factors for HCC (including hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, aflatoxin, retinol, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption). However, data from previous studies on the association between iron exposure, land subsidence, and HCC mortality/incidence were limited, especially in Taiwanese population. We aimed to explore the geographical distribution of HCC mortality rates by township-specific data and to evaluate the association between HCC mortality, land subsidence, and iron levels in groundwater in Taiwan.

Methods
We conducted an ecological study and calculated the HCC age-standardized mortality/incidence rates according to death certificates issued in Taiwan from 1992 to 2001 and incidence data from 1995–1998. The land subsidence dataset before 2005 and iron concentrations in groundwater in 1989 are also involved in this study. Both geographical information systems and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationship between HCC mortality rates, land subsidence, and iron concentrations in groundwater.

Results
Township-specific HCC mortality rates are higher in southwestern coastal townships where serious land subsidence and higher township-specific concentrations of iron in groundwater are present. The Pearson correlation coefficients of iron concentrations in groundwater and ASRs of HCC were 0.286 (P = 0.004) in males and 0.192 (P = 0.058) in females for mortality data; the coefficients were 0.375 (P < 0.001) in males and 0.210 (P = 0.038) in females for incidence data.

Conclusions
This study showed that HCC mortality is clustered in southwestern Taiwan and the association with the iron levels in groundwater in Taiwanese population warrant further investigation.
Repair of a chondral defect using a cell free scaffold in a young patient - a case report of successful scaffold transformation and colonisation
Authors: Schüettler Karl F , Struewer Johannes , Rominger Marga B , Rexin Peter , Efe Turgay 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundChondral defects of the articular surface are a common condition that can lead to osteoarthritis if not treated. Therapy of this condition is a topic of constant debate and a variety of chondral repair strategies are currently used. One strategy involves implantation of a cell-free matrix of type I collagen (COL1), to provide a scaffold for chondrocyte migration and proliferation and extracellular matrix production. Although several studies have suggested that chondrocytes can move, to the best of our knowledge there is still no proof of chondrocyte occurrence in a former cell-free scaffold for articular cartilage repair in humans.Case presentationAn 18-year-old male patient underwent arthroscopic surgery of the knee for patellar instability and a chondral defect of the femoral condyle. Clinical outcome scores were recorded pre-operatively, after 6 weeks and after 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. MRI was recorded after 6 weeks and after 6, 12, 24 and 36 months postoperatively. At 42 months after implantation of a cell-free type I collagen matrix and reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament, the patient was again treated arthroscopically for a tear of the medial meniscus of the same knee. A biopsy of the previous chondral defect was taken during arthroscopy for histological examination.ConclusionIn addition to good clinical and radiological results reported for cell-free scaffolds for cartilage repair in several other studies, transformation of the scaffold could be observed during re-arthroscopy for the meniscal tear. Histological examination of the specimen revealed articular cartilage with vital chondrocytes and a strong staining reaction for type II collagen (COL II), but no reaction for type I collagen staining. This might indicate a complete transformation of the scaffold and supports the theory that cell free scaffolds could support cell migration. Although the cell source remains unclear, migrating chondrocytes from the periphery remain a possibility.
BMP4, a strong better prognosis predictor, has a subtype preference and cell development association in gliomas
Authors: Bao Zhaoshi , Zhang Chuanbao , Yan Wei , Liu Yanwei , Li Mingyang , Zhang Wei , Jiang Tao 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
The bone morphogenetic family proteins (BMP) are phytogenetically conserved proteins, which are essential for embryonic development. The key regulatory subunit, the bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), is overexpressed and associated with tumor metastasis in a variety of cancers. However, the prognostic and molecular features of gliomas with BMP4 expression is still unclear.

Methods
We obtained whole genome mRNA expression microarray data of 220 glioma samples of all grades from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database (http://www.cgga.org.cn) as discovery set. Of the 123 high-grade gliomas in this set, 33 Grade III tumors and 88 GBMs were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Immunohistochemistry was used for validating the expression of BMP4 in another 77 glioma samples. Three additional datasets were obtained as validation sets. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were used for functional annotation of BMP4.

Results
In the discovery set, BMP4 overexpression was significantly associated with low grade as well as the lower mortality of high-grade gliomas in survival analysis (log-rank, p<0.05 in GBM patients and p<0.01 in anaplastic gliomas, respectively). BMP4 also showed a Proneural subtype, G1 subtype and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation preference and cell development association. The results of validation 4 datasets showed similar findings. The overexpression of BMP4 was also detected in low grade gliomas compared to the high grade ones by immunohistochemistry (p<0.05, chi-square test).

Conclusion
BMP4 expression was independently associated with grade and good prognosis in grade III and grade IV gliomas, suggesting BMP4 as a novel biomarker with potential important therapeutic implications.
Antiviral activity of stachyflin on influenza A viruses of different hemagglutinin subtypes
Authors: Motohashi Yurie , Igarashi Manabu , Okamatsu Masatoshi , Noshi Takeshi , Sakoda Yoshihiro , Yamamoto Naoki , Ito Kimihito , Yoshida Ryu , Kida Hiroshi 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
The hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza viruses is a possible target for antiviral drugs because of its key roles in the initiation of infection. Although it was found that a natural compound, Stachyflin, inhibited the growth of H1 and H2 but not H3 influenza viruses in MDCK cells, inhibitory activity of the compound has not been assessed against H4-H16 influenza viruses and the precise mechanism of inhibition has not been clarified.

Methods
Inhibitory activity of Stachyflin against H4-H16 influenza viruses, as well as H1-H3 viruses was examined in MDCK cells. To identify factors responsible for the susceptibility of the viruses to this compound, Stachyflin-resistant viruses were selected in MDCK cells and used for computer docking simulation.

Results
It was found that in addition to antiviral activity of Stachyflin against influenza viruses of H1 and H2 subtypes, it inhibited replication of viruses of H5 and H6 subtypes, as well as A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in MDCK cells. Stachyflin also inhibited the virus growth in the lungs of mice infected with A/WSN/1933 (H1N1) and A/chicken/Ibaraki/1/2005 (H5N2). Substitution of amino acid residues was found on the HA2 subunit of Stachyflin-resistant viruses. Docking simulation indicated that D37, K51, T107, and K121 are responsible for construction of the cavity for the binding of the compound. In addition, 3-dimensional structure of the cavity of the HA of Stachyflin-susceptible virus strains was different from that of insusceptible virus strains.

Conclusion
Antiviral activity of Stachyflin was found against A(H1N1)pdm09, H5, and H6 viruses, and identified a potential binding pocket for Stachyflin on the HA. The present results should provide us with useful information for the development of HA inhibitors with more effective and broader spectrum.
Ethanol inducible expression of a mesophilic cellulase avoids adverse effects on plant development
Authors: Klose Holger , Günl Markus , Usadel Björn , Fischer Rainer , Commandeur Ulrich 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Plant-produced biomass-degrading enzymes are promising tools for the processing of lignocellulose to fermentable sugars. A major limitation of in planta production is that high-level expression of such enzymes could potentially affect the structure and integrity of the plant cell wall and negatively influence plant growth and development.

Results
Here, we evaluate the impact on tobacco plant development of constitutive versus alcohol-inducible expression of the endoglucanase TrCel5A from the mesophilic fungus Trichoderma reesei. Using this system, we are able to demonstrate that constitutive expression of the enzyme, controlled by the doubled Cauliflower Mosaic Virus promoter, leads to lower cellulose content of the plant combined with severe effects on plant growth. However, using an alcohol-inducible expression of the endoglucanase in the plant leaves, we achieved similar enzymatic expression levels with no changes in the crystalline cellulose content.

Conclusion
We were able to produce significant amounts of cellulase in the plant leaves without detrimental effects to plant development. These results demonstrate the potential feasibility of an inducible expression system for producing biomass degrading enzymes in plants.
Magnitude of Trastuzumab Benefit in Patients With HER2-Positive, Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma: Results From the HERA Trial
Authors: Metzger-Filho Otto , Procter Marion , de Azambuja Evandro , Leyland-Jones Brian , Gelber Richard D. , Dowsett Mitchell , Loi Sherene , Saini Kamal S. , Cameron David , Untch Michael , Smith Ian , Gianni Luca , Baselga Jose , Jackisch Christian , Bell Richard , Sotiriou Christos , Viale Giuseppe , Piccart-Gebhart Martine 
Published: April 2013

PurposeTo evaluate the benefit of adjuvant trastuzumab in patients diagnosed with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) –positive invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) enrolled onto the Herceptin Adjuvant (HERA) trial.Patients and MethodsPatients randomly assigned to receive one year of trastuzumab and one year of observation in the HERA trial were included (n = 3,401). Centrally reviewed estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and HER2 copy numbers were used. First site-specific relapse pattern was evaluated for ILC and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). The magnitude of trastuzumab benefit was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsMedian follow-up time was 4 years. A total of 187 ILC and 3,213 IDC patients were included. High Allred scores (6 to 8) were more common in patients with ILC than IDC for both ER (36.9% v 22.7%) and PgR (44.1% v 28.5%). A trend toward decreased HER2 copy number was observed in the ILC group. The ILC and IDC subgroups had similar patterns of first site of disease relapse. DFS hazard ratios (HRs) comparing 1 year of trastuzumab versus observation were 0.63 for ILC (95% CI, 0.34 to 1.15) and 0.77 for IDC (95% CI, 0.67 to 0.89; P for interaction = .49). The OS HRs comparing 1 year of trastuzumab versus observation were 0.60 for ILC (95% CI, 0.27 to 1.31) and 0.86 for IDC (95% CI, 0.71 to 1.06; P for interaction = .29).ConclusionIn this retrospective analysis, there was no suggestion that patients in the ILC cohort experienced a different magnitude of benefit from adjuvant trastuzumab than those in the IDC cohort.
Characterization of the perfusate proteome of human donor kidneys
Authors: Snoeijs Maarten G J , Pulinx Bianca , van Dieijen-Visser Marja P , Buurman Wim A , van Heurn L W Ernest , Wodzig Will K W H 
Published: April 2013

Background Preservation of deceased donor kidneys by hypothermic machine perfusion results in superior transplant outcomes as compared with static cold storage and provides the opportunity to measure biomarkers of cellular injury in perfusate samples. Identification of biomarkers predicting early graft dysfunction so far has met with limited success. Methods Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were used to explore the proteome of perfusate samples from machine-perfused human donor kidneys (N = 18) and to discover novel biomarkers of ischaemic acute kidney injury. Results Thirty-two protein spots were successfully identified, representing 19 unique proteins that were derived from renal tissue and from residual plasma in the renal microcirculation. Two unidentified protein spots were significantly up-regulated, whereas one protein spot - identified as haptoglobin - was significantly down-regulated in the perfusate of ischaemically injured kidneys from donors after cardiac death as compared with kidneys from brain-dead donors who had not suffered warm ischaemic injury. Furthermore, two protein spots were up-regulated in kidneys that never functioned after transplantation, whereas one spot was up-regulated - identified as α1-antitrypsin - in kidneys with delayed graft function. Conclusions We provide the first description of the renal perfusate proteome and present preliminary evidence of differentially expressed biomarkers in human donor kidneys with different levels of acute ischaemic injury. Their diagnostic value for the selection of marginal kidneys in clinical transplantation should be determined in future studies.
New Report of Costalimaita ferruginea Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae) in Sinop - Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Pires Evaldo Martins , Corassa Janaína de Nadai , Barreto Marliton Rocha , Soares Marcus Alvarenga 
Published: April 2013

Costalimaita ferruginea (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is the main Coleoptera defoliator of eucalyptus in Brazil and has a strong association with plants of the family Myrtaceae, bein the eucalyptus important for the sectors of energy, paper, pulp and furniture industry. The objective of the present study was to record the occurrence of this Chrysomelidae in eucalyptus plants in Sinop, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, during the months of November 2010 to January 2011, thus contributing to increase in knowledge on the geographic distribution of this insect and also hypothesize that the Coleoptera may soon become a major pest of eucalyptus in the state of Mato Grosso.
Novo Registro de Costalimaita ferruginea (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) em plantas de Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae) em Sinop - Mato Grosso, Brasil
Resumo. Costalimaita ferruginea (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) é o principal Coleoptera desfolhador de eucalipto do Brasil e possui grande associação com plantas da família Myrtaceae, sendo o eucalipto importante nos setores de energia, papel, celulose e indústria moveleira. O objetivo deste estudo foi registrar a ocorrência desse Chrysomelidae em plantas de eucalipto município de Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil, durante os meses de novembro de 2010 a janeiro de 2011, contribuindo assim para o aumento no conhecimento sobre a distribuição geográfica desse inseto e ainda, lançar a hipótese de que brevemente esse Coleoptera poderá ser tornar uma importante praga da eucaliptocultura do estado de Mato Grosso.
Triatoma mexicana Herrich-Schaeffer (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) Descripción de la Genitalia Externa del Macho y Morfología Externa de la Hembra.
Authors: Schettino Paz María Salazar , Wastavino Gloria Elena Rojas , Piña José Santiago Rosales , Blanco Mauro Omar Vences , Bravo Margarita Cabrera 
Published: April 2013

Triatoma mexicana fue descrita originalmente en 1848 por Herrich-Schaeffer nombrándola Conorhinus mexicanus Herrich-Schaeffer. Actualmente se registra su hallazgo en los estados de Guanajuato, Hidalgo Querétaro y San Luis Potosí. Los estudios sobre su distribución espacial, índices entomológicos, presencia en el intradomicilio y peridomicilio, biología y riesgo de transmisión de Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas demuestran que es una especie importante desde el punto de vista de salud pública. Con el propósito de ampliar el conocimiento biológico sobre la especie, en el presente estudio se hace la descripción de la hembra así como la genitalia externa del macho, en ejemplares capturados en el estado de Guanajuato.
Triatoma mexicana Herrich-Schaeffer (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) Description of the Male External Genitalia and External Morphology of the Female.

Abstract. Triatoma mexicana was originally described in 1848 by Herrich-Schaeffer, naming Conorhinus mexicanus Herrich-Schaeffer. Its finding is currently registered in the States of Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Querétaro, and San Luis Potosí. Studies about the spatial distribution, the entomological indices, it presence indoor an outdoor in houses, it biology and risk of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas show that it is an important species from the point of view of public health. With the purpose of extending the biological knowledge of this species, the present study is the description of the female as well as the external male genitalia, in specimens captured in the State of Guanajuato.
Energieautarke Sensorik im Automobil
Authors: Kühne Ingo , Schreiter Matthias , Li Xiaoming , Hehn Thorsten , Thewes Marcell , Wagner Dieter , Manoli Yiannos , Scholl Gerd , Frey Alexander 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein kurzer Abriss zur energieautarken Sensorik im Automobil gegeben. Hierzu wird auf die Vielfalt der Sensoren im heutigen Kraftfahrzeug eingegangen und eine Motivation bezüglich der Substitution hin zu energieautarken Sensoren aufgezeigt. Des Weiteren werden potentielle Nutzenergien und die Möglichkeiten deren Energiewandlung vorgestellt. Im Rahmen des Förderprojektes ASYMOF werden zwei Pionieranwendungen — Reifendruckkontrollsystem und Einbruch-Diebstahl-Warnung — untersucht und hier kurz diskutiert.
Drahtloses Messsystem für Temperaturen in Kraftfahrzeugkupplungen
Authors: Funck Jürgen , Knoblich René , Scholz Dustin , Nowoisky Sebastian , Gühmann Clemens 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung
Die Kenntnis der Reibbelagstemperatur von Fahrzeugkupplungen während des Betriebs ist von großer Bedeutung für die Verschleißüberwachung und Lebensdauerprognose. Allerdings kann diese bislang nur aus sekundären Größen geschätzt und nicht direkt gemessen werden. In dieser Arbeit wird ein drahtloses Sensorsystem zur direkten Messung der Reibbelagstemperatur von Fahrzeugkupplungen während des Betriebs beschrieben. Es wird mit Messungen an einer Einscheibentrockenkupplung auf einem Getriebeprüfstand erprobt.