bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring patient perspectives on Iran’s Electronic Prescription System: a Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Arabian Sajed , Zakerabasali Somayyeh , Raee Mohammad Javad 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundElectronic prescriptions represent a fundamental shift in service delivery, healthcare management, and associated costs, offering numerous advantages. However, akin to other electronic systems, they also present challenges. This study aimed to investigate patients’ understanding of the challenges associated with electronic prescriptions in Iran.MethodsThis study used a qualitative research design, utilizing individual and semi-structured interviews with patients referred to selected pharmacies across all 11 districts of Shiraz City. The data were analyzed using MAXQDA software (version 10), and descriptive statistics for demographic data were calculated using SPSS version 19.ResultsThe study revealed that the participants generally demonstrated a certain level of familiarity with electronic prescribing systems. However, it was evident that many were unaware of the potential implications of such technology for their relationships with healthcare providers. This underscores the urgent need for patient understanding in the context of the electronic prescription system. While patients were relatively familiar with the functionality of electronic prescribing systems, they lacked a comprehensive understanding of how using these systems could affect their interactions with healthcare providers.ConclusionPatients are significant beneficiaries of the electronic prescribing system. By addressing their needs and concerns, they can develop a positive attitude toward this system. Their active engagement can pave the way for the system’s ease of use, increase its acceptance, and ultimately enhance the quality of healthcare services.
Large-scale bidirectional Mendelian randomization study identifies new gut microbiome significantly associated with immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Li Jiawei , Li Jia , Liu Yuxiao , Zeng Juanhuan , Liu Yuan , Wu Yeke 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionA variety of studies have shown a link between the gut microbiota and autoimmune diseases, but the causal relationship with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is unknown.MethodsThis study investigated the bidirectional causality between gut microbiota and HSP and ITP using Mendelian randomization (MR). Large-scale genetic data of gut microbiota at phylum to species level from the MiBioGen consortium and the Dutch Microbiome Project were utilized. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics for HSP and ITP came from FinnGen R10. Various MR methods were applied to infer causal relationships, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), maximum likelihood (ML), cML-MA, MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted model, and MR-PRESSO. Multiple sensitivity analyses and Bonferroni correction were conducted to enhance robustness and reliability.ResultsBased on the IVW estimates, 23 bacterial taxa were identified to have suggestive associations with HSP and ITP. Remarkably, after Bonferroni correction, family Alcaligenaceae (OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.52–5.37; IVW, p = 1.10 × 10−3, ML, p = 1.40 × 10−3) was significantly associated with ITP as a risk factor, while family Bacteroidales S24 7group (OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.29–0.74; IVW, p = 1.40 × 10−3) was significantly associated with ITP as a protective factor. No significant associations between HSP and ITP and gut microbiota were found in reverse analyses.ConclusionOur study provides evidence of causal effects of gut microbiota on HSP and ITP, highlighting the importance of further research to clarify the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted therapeutic interventions for these autoimmune diseases.
Trichoderma viride improves phosphorus uptake and the growth of Chloris virgata under phosphorus-deficient conditions
Authors: Song Mingxia , Lin Xiaoru , Wei Xiaowei , Zeng Qingpan , Mu Chunsheng , Zhou Xiaofu 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPhosphorus (P) readily forms insoluble complexes in soil, thereby inhibiting the absorption and utilization of this essential nutrient by plants. Phosphorus deficiency can significantly impede the growth of forage grass. While Trichoderma viride (T. viride) has been recognized for promoting the assimilation of otherwise unobtainable nutrients, its impact on P uptake remains understudied. Consequently, it is imperative to gain a more comprehensive insight into the role of T. viride in facilitating the uptake and utilization of insoluble P in forage grass.MethodsThis research explored the influence of T. viride inoculation on P absorption and the growth of Chloris virgata (C. virgata) across various P sources. We treated plants with control P (P), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), calcium phytate (PHY), and low P (LP), with and without T. viride inoculation (P+T, TCP+T, PHY+T, LP+T). We analyzed photosynthesis parameters, growth indices, pigment accumulation, P content, leaf acid phosphatase activity.ResultsResults demonstrated that T. viride inoculation alleviated inhibition of photosynthesis, reduced leaf acid phosphatase activity, and enhanced growth of C. virgata in the presence of insoluble P sources. Additionally, T. viride inoculation enabled the plants to extract more available P from insoluble P sources, as evidenced by a substantial increase in P content: shoot P content surged by 58.23 to 59.08%, and root P content rose by 55.13 to 55.2%. Biomass P-use efficiency (PUE) declined by 38% upon inoculation with T. viride compared to the non-inoculated insoluble P sources, paralleled by a reduction in photosynthetic P-use efficiency (PPUE) by 26 to 29%. Inoculation under insoluble P sources further triggered a lower allocation to root biomass (25 to 26%) and a higher investment in shoot biomass (74 to 75%). However, its application under low P condition curtailed the growth of C. virgata.DiscussionOur results suggest that T. viride inoculation represents an innovative approach for plants to acquire available P from insoluble P sources, thereby promoting growth amid environmental P limitations. This insight is crucial for comprehending the synergy among forage grass, P, and T. viride.
Examining the influence of self-care practices on brain activity in healthy older adults
Authors: González-González Estela , Requena Carmen , Barbosa Fernando 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionStudies on the aging brain often occur in active settings, but comparatively few investigate brain activity in resting states. However, exploring brain activity in a resting state offers valuable insights into spontaneous neural processes unaffected by task-specific influences. Objective: To investigate the relationship between self-care practices, cognitive function, and patterns of brain activity in healthy older adults, taking into account predictions from aging brain models.Methodology77 older adults aged 61 to 87 completing a self-care practices questionnaire, neuropsychological tests, and resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. Participants were classified into two groups according to their self-care practices: traditional self-care (T-SC) and developmental self-care (D-SC).ResultsAlthough neuropsychological tests did not yield significant differences between the D-SC and T-SC groups, patterns of brain activity revealed distinct behaviors. The T-SC group demonstrated patterns more consistent with established aging brain models, contrasting with the D-SC group, which exhibited brain activity akin to that observed in younger adults. Specifically, the T-SC group displayed hyperactivation related to memory and executive function performance, alongside heightened alpha power in posterior regions. Furthermore, bilateral frontal activation in the beta band was evident.ConclusionsThe findings suggest a nuanced relationship between self-care practices and brain activity in older adults. While the T-SC group demonstrated brain activity patterns consistent with conservative aging, indicating the preservation of typical aging characteristics, the D-SC group displayed activity suggestive of a potential protective effect. This effect may be linked to self-care strategies that foster development and resilience in cognitive aging.
Neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection among solid organ transplanted patients: does immunosuppression matter?
Authors: Avorio Federica , Russelli Giovanna , Panarello Giovanna , Alduino Rossella , Conaldi Pier Giulio , Lo Re Vincenzina 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to a broad range of neurological manifestations such as olfactory and gustative disorders, myalgias, headache, and fatigue but also more rare and severe neurological pictures such seizures, encephalitis, and cerebrovascular diseases. It is still unknown if the underlying pathophysiological mechanism is the direct cytotoxic effect of the virus on central nervous system or if the related systemic inflammation leads to cerebral suffering and neurological symptoms. Studying neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection among solid organ transplant recipients, who take immunosuppressive drugs, may help to shed light on this topic.MethodsWe enrolled a total of 73 solid organ transplantation recipients (kidney, liver, lung, heart and combined) with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (in the period between July 2020 and June 2021). We collected all demographic and clinical general information and, through phone interviews, we registered retrospectively the occurrence of neurological symptoms during the acute phase of infection and within the next 6 months.ResultsApproximately 27.4% (20/73) of patients needed hospitalization during the infection, 25.3% (18/73) were treated with oxygen therapy, and only one patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for mechanical ventilation. Almost 74% (54/73) of patients reported at least one neurological symptom/disease. The most frequent neurological complications were myalgia (57.5%), headache (37%), and hyposmia/hypogeusia (37%). Need of oxygen therapy during the SARS-CoV-2 infection was statistically significantly associated to neurological complications (p= 0.0344). Pre-infection neurological comorbidities and immunosuppression levels (higher levels of tacrolimus and also being on steroids) did not modify the probability to have neurological manifestations.DiscussionFrequency of headache was comparable with the same self-reported symptom in the general population, while hyposmia/hypogeusia was more frequent in our cohort of transplant recipients. Higher level of tacrolimus as well as being on steroids did not result protective against neurological manifestation. Lastly neurological symptoms occurred more frequent in more severe cases of infection.
Impact of deep brain stimulation on urogenital function in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Long , Wang Meng , Zhou Mengdi , Yin Wenjuan , Cao Xiaoming 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesDeep Brain Stimulation (DBS) effectively treats Parkinson’s motor symptoms, but its effects on the urogenital system are debated.MethodsA research was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus until February 27, 2024. We primarily focused on DBS’s impact on Parkinson’s patients’ Urine storage function, voiding function, sexual function, and quality of life.ResultsOur meta-analysis included 14 studies. The main results showed that DBS resulted in fewer instances of urinary urgency (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.26 to 2.70, p = 0.002) and increased maximum bladder capacity (MD = −66.10, 95% CI: −119.37 to −12.82, p = 0.02) in terms of urinary storage function. However, there were no significant differences in first desire to void and strong desire to void. In terms of voiding function, DBS showed significant improvements in maximum flow rate (MD = −0.64, 95% CI: −1.23 to −0.05, p = 0.03), post-void residual (MD = −6.79, 95% CI: 4.54 to 9.05, P &lt; 0.00001) and detrusor pressure during maximum flow (MD = −1.37, 95% CI: −2.73 to −0.02, p = 0.05). Additionally, there was no significant difference in sexual function between the two groups (MD = −1.41, 95% CI: −12.40 to 9.57, p = 0.80).ConclusionDBS has demonstrated a certain degree of efficacy in ameliorating urinary storage and voiding function in patients with Parkinson’s disease. However, certain urodynamic parameters or scores do not demonstrate any statistically significant disparities. Furthermore, DBS has no significant impact on erectile function in male Parkinson’s patients.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023476661, identifier CRD42023476661.
Development of a machine learning-based model to predict major adverse events after surgery for type A aortic dissection complicated by malnutrition
Authors: Xie Lin-feng , Lin Xin-fan , Xie Yu-ling , Wu Qing-song , Qiu Zhi-huang , Lan Quan , Chen Liang-wan 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a predictive model for the risk of major adverse events (MAEs) in type A aortic dissection (AAAD) patients with malnutrition after surgery, utilizing machine learning (ML) algorithms.MethodsWe retrospectively collected clinical data from AAAD patients with malnutrition who underwent surgical treatment at our center. Through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, we screened for preoperative and intraoperative characteristic variables. Based on the random forest (RF) algorithm, we constructed a ML predictive model, and further evaluated and interpreted this model.ResultsThrough LASSO regression analysis and univariate analysis, we ultimately selected seven feature variables for modeling. After comparing six different ML models, we confirmed that the RF model demonstrated the best predictive performance in this dataset. Subsequently, we constructed a model using the RF algorithm to predict the risk of postoperative MAEs in AAAD patients with malnutrition. The test set results indicated that this model has excellent predictive efficacy and clinical applicability. Finally, we employed the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) method to further interpret the predictions of this model.ConclusionWe have successfully constructed a risk prediction model for postoperative MAEs in AAAD patients with malnutrition using the RF algorithm, and we have interpreted the model through the SHAP method. This model aids clinicians in early identification of high-risk patients for MAEs, thereby potentially mitigating adverse clinical outcomes associated with malnutrition.
Radiation and systemic immunotherapy for metastatic uveal melanoma: a clinical retrospective review
Authors: Tran Danielle H. , Shanley Ryan , Giubellino Alessio , Tang Peter H. , Koozekanani Dara D. , Yuan Jianling , Dusenbery Kathryn , Domingo-Musibay Evidio 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionMetastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) is a difficult to treat disease. The liver is the primary site of metastasis in most patients, though uveal melanoma spreads widely in advanced disease. The only FDA approved immunotherapy medication for metastatic uveal melanoma is the HLA-A02:01 restricted bispecific T cell engager drug, Tebentafusp. Checkpoint inhibitor strategies and combination approaches have been tried with some limited success. We describe our experience treating patients at the University of Minnesota.MethodsPatients were included if they had biopsy-confirmed mUM. Twenty-five (25) patients meeting the criteria were identified. Medical records were reviewed and data extracted for patient baseline characteristics and response to treatments. ResultsMedian time to metastasis from the time of local therapy to the eye was 14.2 months (IQR; 9.3-22.0), and first site of metastasis was liver in 92% of patients. Two patients (8%) did not receive systemic therapy or radiation therapy for metastatic disease. Twenty-three (92%) patients received systemic therapy, 13 patients (52%) received ipilimumab-nivolumab as the first-line, while 4 patients (16%) received pembrolizumab. Landmark survival analysis by receipt of systemic therapy and radiation therapy treatments within 6 months of biopsy confirmed diagnosis is shown. Twenty patients (80%) received systemic therapy within 6 months of mUM diagnosis. Thirteen patients (52%) received liver directed radiation therapy within 6 months of mUM diagnosis. DiscussionWithin our cohort, there was no overall survival benefit for patients receiving treatment of metastatic disease within 6 months of mUM diagnosis, versus those electing later or no treatment at all. There was remarkable clinical activity of ipilimumab and nivolumab in a subset of patients with mUM, in agreement with prior studies, and metastatic PD-L1 positive tumors were associated with a prolonged survival.
Association of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor and recurrent pancreatitis risk among patients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Yi-Sun , Kornelius Edy , Wang Yu-Hsun , Lo Shih-Chan , Huang Chien-Ning 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Following the introduction of incretin-based drugs to the market, instances of acute pancreatitis have been reported, leading the FDA to mandate a warning label. Incretin-based therapy has been linked to a rare yet significant adverse event known as acute pancreatitis. However, these concerns of use of incretin therapy remained an ongoing debate.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was extracted data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) program in Taiwan focused on those having prior hospitalization history of acute pancreatitis. We identified adult patients with type 2 diabetes, all patients who received new prescriptions one year after the diagnosis of hospitalization for acute pancreatitis for DPP-4 inhibitors (index date). Study participants were divided into two groups: those taking DPP-4 inhibitors (the DPP-4 inhibitors group, n = 331) and those not taking DPP-4 inhibitors (the non- DPP-4 inhibitors group, n = 918). The outcome of interest is the recurrence of hospitalization of acute pancreatitis.Results: The incidence density (per 1000 person-years) of acute pancreatitis was 23.16 for DPP-4 inhibitors group and 19.88 for non-DPP-4 inhibitor group. The relative risk is 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53–1.38). Results from the Cox proportional hazard model (HR) analysis, the DPP-4 inhibitor was associated with a neutral risk of acute pancreatitis HR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.42–1.09.Conclusions: In this extensive nationwide cohort study conducted in Taiwan, involving a substantial number of newly diagnosed cases, the utilization of DPP-4 inhibitors appears to show no significant correlation with an elevated risk of acute pancreatitis, even among diabetic patients deemed to be at a high risk. These results extend the safety reassurance of incretin-based therapy to individuals considered high-risk for such complications.
The effects of plyometric training on physical fitness and skill-related performance in female basketball players: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cao Shudian , Wang Zhaoran , Guo Jinwei , Geok Soh Kim , Sun He , Liu Jia 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze the effects of plyometric training (PT) on physical fitness and skill-related performance in female basketball players.MethodFive databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar, were used to select articles published up to 20 December 2023, using a combination of keywords related to PT and female basketball players. The risk of bias and the certainty of evidence in included articles were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB2) tool and “The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation” (GRADE).ResultsTen studies were included for the systematic review, and eight for the meta-analysis, totalling 246 female basketball players aged 14.5–22.5 years. Most of these players were highly trained. Most of the included studies exhibited concerns regarding the risk of bias. The PT programs lasted 4–8 weeks, conducted 2–3 sessions per week, with sessions lasting 20–90 min and including 29–190 jumps. In the systematic review, most studies showed that PT significantly improved performance in countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), Sargent jump, standing long jump, lateral hop, medicine ball throw, t-Test, Illinois agility, lane agility drill, linear 20-m sprint, stable and dynamic leg balance, dribbling, passing, shooting, and various basketball-specific tests, as well as increased muscle volume and thigh cross-sectional area. However, some studies showed PT to induce no significant changes in performance during CMJ, t-Test, Illinois agility, knee extensor/flexor strength, linear sprint, and single leg balance tests. In the meta-analysis, CMJ height (ES = 0.37; p = 0.036), vertical jump (VJ) peak power (ES = 0.57; p = 0.015), VJ peak velocity (ES = 0.26; p = 0.004), and t-Test performance time (ES = 0.32; p = 0.004) were significantly improved with small effects following PT.ConclusionThe effect of PT on performance in female basketball players was mixed. Most studies indicated that PT could improve various measures of physical fitness and skill-related performance, but performance remained unchanged in some tests. More studies with established tests are needed to investigate the effect of PT on female basketball players in the future.Systematic Review Registration:https://inplasy.com/, Identifier INPLASY2023120078.
Professional psychological qualities of Chinese medical students: theoretical models, questionnaire development, and relationship with mental health
Authors: Luo Wenping , Fan Wenshu , Xia Yanglin , Dou Yanchun , Du Juan 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionProfessional psychological qualities are crucial for individuals’ career development and overall well-being, especially in clinical medical professions. Medical students often face significant work, academic, and doctor-patient communication pressures, which can challenge their mental and emotional health. Measuring and understanding the relationship between medical students’ professional psychological qualities and their mental health is of significant practical importance.MethodsThis study developed a comprehensive professional psychological qualities scale through a series of qualitative and quantitative studies, consisting of three main components and thirteen secondary dimensions. The scale’s reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s α coefficients. In Study 2, the scale was administered to 972 medical students to explore their anxiety and depression levels. A simple mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between professional psychological qualities, anxiety, and depression.ResultsThe professional psychological qualities scale demonstrated satisfactory reliability, with a total scale α coefficient of 0.947 and subscale α coefficients ranging from 0.895 to 0.933. The mediation analysis revealed that medical students’ professional psychological qualities directly negatively impact depression levels and indirectly positively influence them via their effects on anxiety levels, exhibiting an overall masking effect unrelated to depression levels.DiscussionThis study addresses the gap in research on the professional psychological qualities of medical students by providing a reliable measurement tool. The findings shed light on the complex mechanisms through which these qualities impact the mental health process. The scale can be used by other researchers to assess medical students’ professional psychological qualities and further investigate their relationship with mental health outcomes.