bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State of photonics-related industry in Japan: Digital economy is creating a deep integration in East Asia
Authors: Tatsuno Kimio 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Future challenges and problems of Japanese photonics-related industries are discussed by analyzing the statistics of domestic photonics production trend in Japan from the aspects of offshoring and deep integration taking place in East Asia due to the growing of the global digital economy. Mobile phone, digital camera, semiconductor stepper, and fiber to the X. X is home, buildings, factories, shops, government (FTTX) are case studied, and the utilization of the information and communication technology (ICT), together with a free trade policy, is expected for the future challenges.
Solving the Endogeneity Problem in Empirical Cost Functions: An Application to US Banks
Authors: Lijesen Mark G. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Empirical cost functions tend to ignore that firm differences in output levels depend on differences in cost levels and hence suffer from an endogeneity problem. We argue that traditional solutions for the endogeneity problem are insufficient for solving the problem and propose a structural approach to solve the problem. We apply both the traditional and the alternative models to panel data on large banks and found that a hybrid version yields results that are fully compatible with economic theory, whereas the traditional model provides theoretically incorrect in-sample predictions of scale elasticities.
Annotating the meaning of discourse connectives in multilingual corpora
Authors: Zufferey Sandrine , Degand Liesbeth 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDiscourse connectives are lexical items indicating coherence relations between discourse segments. Even though many languages possess a whole range of connectives, important divergences exist cross-linguistically in the number of connectives that are used to express a given relation. For this reason, connectives are not easily paired with a univocal translation equivalent across languages. This paper is a first attempt to design a reliable method to annotate the meaning of discourse connectives cross-linguistically using corpus data. We present the methodological choices made to reach this aim and report three annotation experiments using the framework of the Penn Discourse Tree Bank.
Study of Phase Distribution of a Liquid-Solid Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor Using Abductive Network Modeling Approach
Authors: Razzak Shaikh A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This communication deals with the Abductive Network modeling approach to investigate the phase holdup distributions of a liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed (LSCFB) system. The Abductive Network model is developed/trained using experimental data collected from a pilot scale LSCFB reactor involving 500-μm size glass beads and water as solid and liquid phases, respectively. The trained Abductive Network model successfully predicted experimental phase holdups of the LSCFB riser under different operating parameters. It is observed that the model predicted cross-sectional average of solids holdups in the axial directions and radial flow structure are well agreement with the experimental values. The statistical performance indicators including the mean absolute error (~4.67%) and the correlation coefficient (0.992) also show favorable indications of the suitability of Abductive Network modeling approach in predicting the solids holdup of the LSCFB system.
Tumor photothermolysis: using carbon nanomaterials for cancer therapy
Authors: Sawdon Alicia , Weydemeyer Ethan , Peng Ching-An 
Published: September 2013

AbstractCarbon nanomaterials have unique physicochemical properties based solely on their small size, which makes them ideal for nano-oncology. While there have been tremendous advances in the current treatment of high-risk cancers, conventional treatment still causes harm to the surrounding healthy tissue. Carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, and graphenes have been increasingly used in the field of cancer photothermal therapy. Through surface functionalization, carbon nanomaterials can be specifically targeted to the tumorous tissue allowing for an increase in therapeutic potential. The unique photo-electron transfer features of carbon nanomaterials coupled with functional moieties, is proving useful for their use in the photothermolysis of cancer cells.
Danish humor in cross-cultural professional settings: linguistic and social aspects
Authors: Lundquist Lita 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe specificities of national humor are often mentioned in humor research, but seldom explained in depth. This article concerns two studies, which reveal that Danish humor (as used in professional settings) is judged by Danes and non-Danes alike as ironic, self-ironic, sarcastic, and direct, with no limits or taboos. These characteristics of Danish humor are analyzed here using two different theoretical frameworks: linguistics – where an explanation is found in certain type-specific features of the Danish language, namely the dialogical particles typical of the Nordic languages in general – and the historico-sociological approach proposed by Norbert Elias. According to Elias, the mentality of a people has been molded through an ongoing historical process of civilization. The civilizing process specific to Danish society has engendered a “campfire mentality”, leading up to the egalitarian, consensual welfare state. Work relationships in Denmark are based on a horizontal, flat structure with low power distance, a structure for which management researchers actually recommend the use of humor, irony and self-irony. Finally, the specificities of Danish humor are linked to a low degree of gelotophobia, the fear of being laughed at, among Danes.
Effects of physical stimulation of spontaneous arteriolar vasomotion in patients of various ages undergoing rehabilitation
Authors: Klopp Rainer Christian , Niemer Wolfgang , Schulz Jörg 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
On two samples of rehabilitation patients of different age groups (approx. 38 years and approx. 51 years), via a placebo-controlled study series using representative features of microcirculation, the complementary therapeutic success of additional treatment complementing the biorhythmically defined physical vasomotion stimulation was determined. The results showed that in older rehabilitation patients the amounts of characteristic microcirculatory changes were greater than in younger persons undergoing rehabilitation, but they would subside faster after termination of the additional treatment than in the younger group.
Stability and convergence of the wavelet-Galerkin method for the sideways heat equation
Authors: Regińska T. , Eldén L. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- We consider an inverse heat conduction problem, the Sideways Heat Equation. This is a Cauchy problem for the heat equation in a quarter-plane, with data given along the line x = 1, where the solution is sought for 0 ≤ x < 1. The problem is ill-posed, in the sense that the solution (if it exists) does not depend continuously on the data. We discuss the stability and convergence properties of the wavelet- Galerkin method for solving the sideways heat equation. The wavelets are of Meyer type that have compact support in frequency space. Previous stability results for this method were suboptimal. We show that with additional assumptions concerning the smoothness of the solution, and concerning the definition of the wavelets, we can obtain almost optimal error estimates.
On the inverse problem of determining a connection on a vector bundle
Authors: Sharafutdinov V. A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- We consider the problem of determining a connection on a vector bundle over a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary from the known parallel transport between boundary points along geodesics. The main result is the local uniqueness theorem: if two connections ∇' and ∇'' are C-close to a given connection ∇ whose curvature tensor is sufficiently small, then the coincidence of parallel transports with respect to ∇' and ∇'' implies the existence of an automorphism of the bundle which is identical on the boundary and transforms ∇' to ∇'' . A linearized version of the problem is also considered.
An iterated version of Lavrent’iev’s method for ill-posed equations with approximately specified data
Authors: Thamban Nair M. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- An iterated version of the Lavrentiev’s method, in the setting of a Banach space, is suggested for obtaining stable approximate solutions for the ill-posed operator equation Au = v, when the data A and v are known only approximately. In the setting of a Hilbert space with appropriate a priori parameter choice, the suggested procedure yields order optimal error estimates. An iterated version of Tikhonov regularization yielding order optimal error estimate is a special case of the procedure. The assumption on the approximating operators show that the finite dimensional system arising out of it would be of smaller size for larger iterates. This aspect is compared with an assumption of [3] for a degenerate kernel method for integral equations of the first kind.
An inverse problem for orthotropic medium
Authors: Seydou F. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- In this paper we discuss an inverse problem in which we try to determine the refractive index corresponding to the scattering of electromagnetic waves by an inhomogeneous orthotropic medium, which is a special case of anisotropic medium, from far field data. In particular we shall be treating the use of the dual space method (due to Colton and Monk) to reconstruct the refractive index.
Necessary and sufficient conditions of convergence of finite-dimensional approximations for L-regularized solutions of operator equations
Authors: Tanana V.P. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- In this paper we consider the finite-dimensional approximations for L-regularized solutions in the Hilbert space [4].
Necessary and sufficient conditions on the independent disturbances of operators A and L which provide the convergence of finite-dimensional approximations are defined in Theorem 2 (the main statement of the paper).
Obtained results essentially generalize results of [2, 3] and in the sequel can be used for development of finite-difference approximation methods for solving integrodifferential equations [2, 4].
Boundary shape identification in two-dimensional electrostatic problems using SQUIDs
Authors: Banks H. T. , Kojima F. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- This paper is concerned with a quantitative nondestructive evaluation of conductors using superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). A measurement system is described for an electrical potential problem with an unknown boundary. Domain identification is discussed within the theoretical framework of parameter estimation problem for the electrostatic field analysis. Applying the method of mappings to the problem considered here, we present computational methods, including theoretical convergence results for the associated finite dimensional problem identification techniques.
An identification problem related to a parabolic integrodifferential equation with non commuting spatial operators
Authors: Colombo F. , Lorenzi A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- In this paper we prove a (local in time) existence and uniqueness theorem for the identification of a memory kernel h entering a parabolic integrodifferential equation with non commuting operators, related to a convex cylindrical domain, when the coefficient h is assumed to depend on time and one space variable.
Numerical solution of the Cauchy problem in plane elastostatics
Authors: Kobayashi K. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- A variational approach is presented for numerical identification of the boundary conditions in solution of the Cauchy problem governed by the Navier equations in two-dimensional elasticity. The Cauchy problem in elastostatics is featured by simultaneously prescribed displacement and traction on a part of the boundary of an elastic body. The boundary data may contain some noise. The problem can be reformulated as a minimization problem of a functional with constraints, then the minimization problem is recast into successive primary and adjoint boundary value problems with no constraints in the corresponding plane elasticity problem. Two variational formulations, i. e., displacement approach and traction approach, are described. For an approximate solution of the elasticity problems, the conventional direct boundary element method is applied. Through simple examples, it is shown that our variational approaches are convergent and the proposed numerical process is stable.
An inverse problem of ocean acoustics
Authors: Ramm A. G. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Let

(1) u(x1, 0) = 0, uʹ(x1, 1) = 0, (2) where u = u(x1, z), x1 := (x1, x2), r := |x1|, x3 := z, uʹ = ∂u/∂z, δ(r) is the delta-function, n(z) is the refraction coefficient, which is assumed to be a real-valued integrable function, k > 0 is a fixed wavenumber. The solution to (1)-(2) is selected by the limiting absorption principle. It is proved that if f(z) = δ(z − 1), then n(z) is uniquely determined by the data u(x1, 1) known ∀x1 ∈ ℝ2. Comments are made concerning the earlier study of a similar problem in the literature.
A preconditioner for least-squares distributed parameter estimation
Authors: Wade J.G. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- We develop a preconditioner for a family (G + αA)q = b of symmetric positive definite matrices arising in numerical treatment of distributed parameter inverse problems of the form Kq
= ￣z via least-squares with total variation. Here, q and b are discrete approximations of functions in L
2(Ω), Ω ⊂ Rn, n ≥ 2. The matrix G is a discrete approximation of K∗K, the matrix A is an approximation of a self-adjoint elliptic operator arising from the regularization.
Depending on the level of discretization, the size of the system (G+αA)q = b may be very large, so that iterative methods such as preconditioned conjugate gradients may be necessary. However, although A is sparse, the matrix G is generally dense, so that sparse-matrix preconditioning techniques are not appropriate for this problem.
We develop a new preconditioner for this problem which is based on a low-rank, low-storage approximation of G. This approximation is built from information acquired in the course of iterations. The construction of the preconditioner and some mathematical analysis are presented, together with a detailed numerical example involving a parabolic PDE in a unit square. The analysis and numerics indicate that this preconditioner significantly enhances the conditioning of the system, and that the overall scheme is efficient and effective for distributed parameter inverse problems.
On dynamical reconstruction of control in a system with time delay. Finite-dimensional models
Authors: Kappel F. , Maksimov V. I. , Skuratov E. N. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- The problem of dynamical reconstruction, of an unknown control acting upon a linear time-delay system, through inaccurate observations of phase states is discussed. A regularized solving algorithm functioning in real time mode is proposed. This algorithm is stable with respect to informational noise and computational errors.
Optimal sensor allocation for parameter estimation in distributed systems
Authors: Uciński D. , Korbicz J. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- Some fundamental results of the modern theory of optimum experimental design are extended here to address the problem of determining the optimal measurement scheduling, encountered while estimating unknown parameters in mathematical models described by partial differential equations from observations of the underlying physical phenomenon being modelled. Special emphasis is put on measurements realized by optimal motion of spatially-movable sensors for which we generalize the approach advanced by Rafajłowicz in his seminal paper [16] to the case of minimizing a general performance index defined on the Fisher information matrix related to the parameters to be identified. Since only the measurability of the resulting trajectories can be guaranteed, we also show how to ease this inconvenience by introducing a suitable parametrization of the set of admissible solutions. In the latter case, we also detail how to adapt standard sequential numerical algorithms of optimum experimental design so that they could be employed for computation of trajectories in particular situations.
Theoretical analysis of inverse extremal problems of admixture diffusion in viscous fluids
Authors: Alekseev G.V. , Adomavichus E.A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- We consider some inverse extremal problems for the stationary equations of admixture diffusion in a viscous incompressible fluid under inhomogeneous boundary conditions for the velocity and concentration. We prove theorems on existence of solutions for the considered inverse problems, derive and analyze the optimality systems, and also establish conditions of uniqueness of their solutions for concrete objective functionals. The conditions of solvability of inverse extremal problems for the stationary Navier - Stokes equations are presented.
Recovering the conductivity at the boundary from the Dirichlet to Neumann map: a pointwise result
Authors: Brown R. M. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- A formula is given for recovering the boundary values of the coefficient γ of an elliptic operator, divγ∇, from the Dirichlet to Neumann map. The main point is that one may recover γ without any a priori smoothness assumptions. The formula allows one to recover the value of γ pointwise.
The reconstruction of a vector field by finite difference methods
Authors: Bezuglova M. A. , Derevtsov E.Yu. , Sorokin S. B. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- The problem of reconstruction of a vector field, given in a refracting medium, is considered. The approach to an approximate solution of the problem consisting in combination of variational, geometrical and finite difference methods is implemented. A polynomial approximation of the vector field, obtained by method of least squares, can contain an arbitrary potential part. A determination of the potential part of a required approximation of the field therefore is necessary by a solution of a homogeneous boundary value problem for the equation of Beltrami- Laplace in a bounded domain with an arbitrary configuration of boundaries. The formulated boundary value problem is solved by finite difference methods with usage of a continuous isometry of an original domain with the given Riemannian metric on a domain with the reference configuration of a boundary. For such domain the effective finite difference and iterative methods designed, the necessary evaluations and numerical experiments are produced.
The linear sampling method in inverse obstacle scattering for impedance boundary conditions
Authors: Grinberg N. , Kirsch A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- In this paper we study the inverse scattering problem to determine the shape of a scatterer from either far field data for plane wave incidence or near field data for point sources as incident fields. As the simplest case of an absorbing medium we consider an impedance boundary condition with complex valued impedance λ on the boundary of the obstacle. We extend a new approach which characterizes the domain by those points z ∈ℝ3 for which a certain function attains zero as its minimal value. This function is given as the cost functional of an optimization problem and depends explicitly on the data and the points z. An valuable feature of this approach is that it does not assume any a priori knowledge on the number of components of the obstacle or even the type of boundary condition. Some examples show the usefulness of this approach also from the numerical point of view.
On reconstruction of surfaces by shadow contours
Authors: Begmatov A. H. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- The problem of reconstruction of surfaces based on a given plane by their shadow contours is considered. The optical projection of the surface point and shadow contours with respect to perpendicular and optical projection is introduced. Necessary and sufficient conditions of unique reconstruction of a plane curve by complete set of optical and perpendicular projections of their points are presented. A uniqueness result on the problem is obtained in the case of smooth hat-shaped surface. A uniqueness theorem for the problem of simultaneous reconstruction of two nonintersecting piecewise-smooth hat-shaped surfaces by complete set of their shadows is proved.
Regularized data-driven construction of fuzzy controllers
Authors: Burger M. , Haslinger J. , Bodenhofer U. , Engl H. W. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- This paper is devoted to the mathematical analysis and the numerical solution of data-driven construction of fuzzy controllers. We show that for a special class of controllers (so-called Sugeno controllers), the design problem is equivalent to a nonlinear least squares problem, which turns out to be ill-posed. Therefore we investigate the use of regularization in order to obtain stable approximations of the solution. We analyze a smoothing method, which is common in spline approximation, as well as Tikhonov regularization with respect to stability and convergence.
In addition, we develop an iterative method for the regularized problems, which uses the special structure of the problem and test it in some typical numerical examples. We also compare the behavior of the iterations for the original and the regularized least squares problems. It turns out that the regularized problem is not only more robust but also favors solutions that are interpretable easily, which is an important criterion for fuzzy systems.
Some inverse problems for Schrödinger operator with Kato potential
Authors: Razborov A. G. , Sagyndykov M. K. , Serov V. S. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- We prove that in multidimensional potential scattering some familiar methods of reconstructing unknown potential are valid also for the potentials from the Kato space. We also show a new method for recovering such potentials. The proof is based on the new estimates for Schrödinger operator for the continuous spectrum. These estimates allow us for the cases n = 2 and n = 3 to consider the potentials with stronger singularities than in previous publications.
Inverse scattering by the stability index method
Authors: Gutman S. , Ramm A.G. , Scheid W. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- A novel numerical method for solving inverse scattering problem with fixed-energy data is proposed. The method contains a new important concept: the stability index of the inversion problem. This is a number, computed from the data, which shows how stable the inversion is. If this index is small, then the inversion provides a set of potentials which differ so little, that practically one can represent this set by one potential. If this index is larger than some threshold, then practically one concludes that with the given data the inversion is unstable and the potential cannot be identified uniquely from the data. Inversion of the fixed-energy phase shifts for several model potentials is considered. The results show practical efficiency of the proposed method. The method is of general nature and is applicable to a very wide variety of the inverse problems.
Determination of a right-hand side term in an operator-differential equation of mixed type
Authors: Abasheeva N. L. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- Existence and uniqueness of solution to the inverse problem But
+Lu = γ(t)ϕ+f(t), u(0) = u
0, u(T) = uT are investigated. Operators B and L are selfadjoint in a Hilbert space E; the spectrum of the operator L is semibounded; γ(t) is a scalar function. If a finite number of orthogonality conditions holds then the inverse problem is uniquely solvable. The method uses the representation as a series in eigenelements and associated elements of the pencil L − λB.