bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The post‐traumatic colour change of primary incisors: a colourimetric and longitudinal study
Authors: Hyun Hong‐Keun , Shin Teo Jeon , Kim Young‐Jae 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundTooth colour change after trauma has been described subjectively as ranging from yellow/pink to grey/black.AimTo investigate the longitudinal colourimetric change of post‐traumatic discoloured primary incisor using an intraoral colourimeter.DesignA total of 34 primary incisors from 15 boys and eight girls were studied. The mean post‐injury day during clinic visits (SD) and number of visit was 205.4 (194.8) and 3.9 (2.0). CIE L* (lightness), a* (green‐red) and b* (blue‐yellow) of the maxillary primary incisors were measured at every visit. The colour difference (ΔE*ab) was calculated between the traumatized tooth and the control. Scatter graphs were made depicting the colour change of discoloured teeth and the ΔE*ab over time.ResultsMean CIE L*, a* and b* of the unaffected control were 80.8 (2.29), 0.9 (0.77) and 13.1 (2.67), respectively. L* gradually decreased to 70.7 (on day 71), then slowly recovered. a* increased to 3.7 (day 29) and decreased slowly. b* only demonstrated a small change that was within the control range during the follow‐up. ΔE*ab increased to 9.58 (day 56) and decreased slowly.ConclusionThe earlier recovery of a* was followed by the recovery of L*. During the post‐traumatic period, ΔE*ab failed to reach the clinically acceptable threshold.
Evaluation of the injection pain with the use of DentalVibe injection system during supraperiosteal anaesthesia in children: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Şermet Elbay Ülkü , Elbay Mesut , Yıldırım Sİnem , Kaya Emİne , Kaya Can , Uğurluel Ceren , Baydemİr Canan 
Published: September 2015

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the use of a traditional syringe (TS) and the DentalVibe (DV) Injection Comfort System on the pain of needle insertion and injection of supraperiosteal (SP) anaesthesia into the mandibles and maxillas of children aged 6–12 years.MethodsThe study was a randomised, controlled, crossover clinical trial, comprising 60 children requiring an operative procedure with SP anaesthesia on both their mandibular and maxillary molars, bilaterally. One of the molars was treated with a TS, and the contralateral tooth was treated with the DV for both arches. On each visit, subjective and objective pain was evaluated using the Wong‐Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and the Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale. Patients were asked which technique they preferred. The data were analysed using Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, Spearman's correlation test, and Mann–Whitney U‐test.ResultsNo statistically significant differences were noted between TS and DV for pain during injection and needle insertion for supraperiosteal anaesthesia in either the maxillary and mandibular operative procedures.ConclusionsChildren experienced similar pain during SP anaesthesia administered with a TS and the DV, regardless of gender and jaw differences. DV was less preferred over the traditional procedure in children.
The use of growth factors, CD34+ cells and fibrin for the management of chronic venous ulcers
Authors: Romano Francesco , Paolino Francesco M , Rizzo Barbara A , Russo Antonio , Southworth Stephen , Serra Raffaele , Gallelli Luca 
Published: September 2015

AbstractChronic venous ulceration represents a very common event. Current standard treatment includes local wound care with the application of compression. We report the effects of platelet‐rich plasma in patients with chronic venous ulcers, which is able to stimulate fibroblasts, macrophages and mesenchymal cells and growth factors in order to achieve re‐epithelialisation and neovascularisation within the microenviroment of the wound. We also documented the efficacy of this method as the sole treatment without surgical procedures.
Neoadjuvant intralesional methotrexate in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a comparative cohort study
Authors: Salido‐Vallejo R. , Cuevas‐Asencio I. , Garnacho‐Sucedo G. , González‐Menchen A. , Alcántara‐Reifs C. , De la Corte‐Sánchez S. , Vélez A. , Moreno‐Giménez J.C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundIntralesional methotrexate (MTX–il) has been used as neoadjuvant therapy for keratoacanthoma but has only been utilized in a few isolated cases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma as neoadjuvant therapy (cSCC).ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness in clinical practice of presurgical MTX–il infiltration to reduce the size of the cSCC. Safety and the impact on subsequent reconstructive surgical techniques was also assessment.MethodsSingle, retrospective, observational study of two historical cohorts differentiated in time. Subjects included were diagnosed with infiltrating cSCC. Patients included in group‐A received neoadjuvant MTX–il and patients included in group‐B underwent scheduled surgery without prior infiltration. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.ResultsGroup‐A patients (n = 43) showed an average reduction in the tumour area of 0.52 cm2, while in group‐B (n = 43), the area increased by 0.49 cm2. A multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that MTX–il was the only independent variable that significantly reduced the tumour size [mean 42.6% (95% CI: 31.17–54.03)]. Tumours ≥2 cm in size required significantly a lower percentage of complex reconstructions (P = 0.026). Lower lip tumours showed a higher reduction in group treated with MTX–il (P = 0.045). The only complication observed was discomfort during methotrexate infiltration (60.47%).ConclusionsNeoadjuvant MTX–il reduced the presurgical size of cSCC lesions and could simplify their subsequent surgery.
Rituximab, a new treatment for difficult‐to‐treat chronic erythema multiforme major? Five cases
Authors: Hirsch G. , Ingen‐Housz‐Oro S. , Fite C. , Valeyrie‐Allanore L. , Ortonne N. , Buffard V. , Verlinde‐Carvalho M. , Marinho E. , Martinet J. , Grootenboer‐Mignot S. , Descamps V. , Wolkenstein P. , Joly P. , Chosidow O. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundErythema multiforme major (EMM) is an inflammatory disease affecting skin and mucosae, often triggered by infection withHerpes simplex virus. Some patients have a chronic disease associated with antidesmoplakin autoantibodies, but the pathophysiology remains to be elucidated. First‐line treatment is antiviral therapy. With treatment failure or in patients without herpes‐triggered disease, thalidomide is effective but has neurological side‐effects. Alternatives (dapsone, immunosuppressant agents) are not codified. For many patients, systemic steroids use is chronic. The immunosuppressant drug rituximab (RTX) may be effective.ObjectivesWe report five cases of severe chronicEMMtreated with rituximab (RTX).MethodsFive patients with severe chronicEMMfor 9–20 years receivedRTXafter failure or side‐effects of several treatments, especially antiviral therapy and thalidomide. All had chronic use of steroids. Four patients had antidesmoplakin autoantibodies.ResultsFour patients experienced complete or quasi‐complete remission ofEMMwith withdrawal of steroids and one patient partial remission, for 3–11 months. Disease relapsed in all patients, and three received a second cycle ofRTXwith shorter duration of efficacy. Two patients received a third cycle, one without efficacy.ConclusionThe use ofRTXfor many autoimmune diseases, especially pemphigus, is increasing. ChronicEMM, especiallyEMMassociated to antidesmoplakin autoantibodies, is an inflammatory disease in which the role of B cells is not well understood. However, we report a favourable benefit ofRTXtreatment for months in five patients with severe disease.RTXcould be a therapeutic option in severe, difficult‐to‐treatEMM.
Eligibility criteria in systematic reviews published in prominent medical journals: a methodological review
Authors: McCrae Niall , Purssell Edward 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRationale and aimClear and logical eligibility criteria are fundamental to the design and conduct of a systematic review. This methodological review examined the quality of reporting and application of eligibility criteria in systematic reviews published in three leading medical journals.MethodsAll systematic reviews in the BMJ, JAMA and The Lancet in the years 2013 and 2014 were extracted. These were assessed using a refined version of a checklist previously designed by the authors.ResultsA total of 113 papers were eligible, of which 65 were in BMJ, 17 in The Lancet and 31 in JAMA. Although a generally high level of reporting was found, eligibility criteria were often problematic. In 67% of papers, eligibility was specified after the search sources or terms. Unjustified time restrictions were used in 21% of reviews, and unpublished or unspecified data in 27%. Inconsistency between journals was apparent in the requirements for systematic reviews.ConclusionsThe quality of reviews in these leading medical journals was high; however, there were issues that reduce the clarity and replicability of the review process. As well as providing a useful checklist, this methodological review informs the continued development of standards for systematic reviews.
A review of cellphone microscopy for disease detection
Authors: DENDERE R. , MYBURG N. , DOUGLAS T.S. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe expansion in global cellphone network coverage coupled with advances in cellphone imaging capabilities present an opportunity for the advancement of cellphone microscopy as a low‐cost alternative to conventional microscopy for disease detection in resource‐limited regions. The development of cellphone microscopy has also benefitted from the availability of low‐cost miniature microscope components such as low‐power light‐emitting diodes and ball lenses. As a result, researchers are developing hardware and software techniques that would enable such microscopes to produce high‐resolution, diagnostic‐quality images. This approach may lead to more widespread delivery of diagnostic services in resource‐limited areas where there is a shortage of the skilled labour required for conventional microscopy and where prevalence of infectious and other diseases is still high. In this paper, we review current techniques, clinical applications and challenges faced in the field of cellphone microscopy.
Preregistration student nurses' self‐reported preparedness for practice before and after the introduction of a capstone subject
Authors: Usher Kim , Mills Jane , West Caryn , Park Tanya , Woods Cindy 
Published: September 2015

Aims and objectivesTo assess changes in perceptions of confidence and preparedness for practice of preregistration nursing students before and after the introduction of a capstone subject, and factors associated with perceptions of preparedness.BackgroundPreregistration nursing student ‘readiness’ or ‘preparedness’ for practice has been highlighted in the literature in recent years, along with employer concerns that university graduate nurses are not work ready. Few studies have examined Australian preregistration nursing students' perceptions of preparedness for clinical practice following their final clinical placement or assessed whether preregistration student nurses' perceptions of preparedness change as the result of undertaking a capstone subject.DesignA capstone subject was introduced at a regional northern Australian university in 2013. Perceptions of preparedness were assessed in two different cohorts of final year nursing students; one of which undertook a capstone subject.MethodsTwo separate cohorts of third year nursing students were surveyed regarding their perceptions of preparedness for practice at the conclusion of their final 240 hour clinical placement. The 2012 cohort did not experience a capstone subject, whereas the 2013 cohort were the first nursing students to experience the new capstone subject.ResultsBoth cohorts were uncomfortable performing invasive procedures and reported low levels of confidence in the area of professional identity. An overall trend of decreasing confidence as patient assignment size increased was observed for both cohorts, and higher confidence was associated with previous health care experience. Perceptions of preparedness for practice did not increase significantly following the introduction of a capstone subject.ConclusionsAlthough Australian undergraduate nursing student report feeling prepared for practice there are areas of knowledge, skills and patient care in which confidence is low. The results of this study highlight the importance of experience in building confidence and competence.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study highlights that while final year nursing students report feeling prepared for practice there are areas where additional support can be provided. It is recommended that nurse educators and health care facilities tailor their programs to provide support focused on the areas highlighted by this study.
Feasibility and preliminary outcomes of fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for monochorionic twin gestation with selective intrauterine growth restriction accompanied by severe oligohydramnios
Authors: Ishii Keisuke , Nakata Masahiko , Wada Seiji , Murakoshi Takeshi , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThis study aimed to clarify the feasibility and perinatal outcomes of fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) for monochorionic twin gestation with selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) accompanied by both abnormal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms and isolated severe oligohydramnios of the sIUGR twin.MethodsIn this prospective clinical trial, which included 10 cases with absent or reversed end‐diastolic flow in the umbilical artery and severe oligohydramnios of the sIUGR twin, the main outcomes investigated were the feasibility of FLP and the rate of severe FLP‐related maternal complications. The survival rate and incidence of neurological abnormalities of the twins at 28 days of age were also evaluated.ResultsFLP was completed for all cases without major intraoperative maternal complications, although one case experienced threatened preterm labor requiring intensive treatment after the procedure. Three sIUGR and 10 larger twins were alive without neurological abnormalities at 28 days of age, while intrauterine fetal death occurred in the remaining seven sIUGR twins.ConclusionFLP for monochorionic twins with sIUGR, especially when accompanied by abnormal Doppler and severe oligohydramnios of the sIUGR twin, appears to be feasible and potentially beneficial for the larger twin, as well as for some sIUGR twins.
Frequency and Type of Prosthetic Complications Associated with Interim, Immediately Loaded Full‐Arch Prostheses: A 2‐Year Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Drago Carl 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this report was to retrospectively evaluate implant and immediate full‐arch prosthesis survival rates over a 24‐month period; patients were consecutively treated with immediate occlusal loading. Dental arch, gender, and implant orientation (vertical vs. tilted) were also noted.Materials and MethodsAll Brånemark System implants (Nobel Active) and interim, all‐acrylic resin prostheses placed in patients following an All‐on‐Four™ protocol, in a single private practice were assessed by retrospective patient chart review. The amount of space provided surgically for implant restorative components and prostheses was determined from measurements of the vertical heights of the interim prostheses in the right/left anterior and posterior segments. These measurements were made in the laboratory. Interim prosthetic repairs (type, frequency, length of time from insertion) were analyzed by type, arch, gender, and implant orientation. Implant survival and insertion torque values were also measured. Inclusion criteria consisted of all Brånemark System implants placed with the All‐on‐Four protocol from September 1, 2011, until August 31, 2013. Specific dietary instructions were given for the first 7 days immediately postoperatively and for the weeks prior to insertion of the definitive prostheses.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐nine patients, comprising 191 arches (766 implants) from September 1, 2011, until August 31, 2013, were included in the study. One patient experienced implant failure yielding an overall implant survival rate (SR) of 99.5% (762 of 766). Four hundred twenty‐six of 430 maxillary implants and 336 of 336 mandibular implants survived for SRs of 99.1% and 100%, respectively. Regarding implant orientation, 415 of 417 tilted implants (SR 99.5%) and 343 of 345 (CSR 95.6%) vertical implants were noted to be clinically stable. Interim, all‐acrylic resin prostheses were in place for a mean of 199.2 days; mandibular prostheses were in place for an average of 195.4 days; maxillary prostheses were in place for an average of 202.0 days. Thirty four of the 191 interim prostheses (17.8%) warranted at least one repair during the treatment period. The average overall implant insertion torque value was 60.74 Ncm; mandibular torque values averaged 63.08 Ncm; maxillary torque values averaged 59.00 Ncm.ConclusionsThe results from this study suggest that dental arch, gender, and implant orientation for implants placed and immediately restored with interim, all‐acrylic resin, full‐arch prostheses per the All‐on‐Four protocol did not have significant statistical or clinical effects on prosthetic complications of the interim prostheses or implant survival. Only one of the 129 patients experienced implant failures, indicating that the All‐on‐Four treatment protocol used in this study is a viable alternative to other protocols for rehabilitating edentulous patients.
The Use of Digital Impressions to Fabricate Tooth‐Supported Partial Removable Dental Prostheses: A Clinical Report
Authors: Mansour Mohamed , Sanchez Eliana , Machado Camilo 
Published: September 2015

AbstractImpression making is a critical step in the fabrication of a partial removable dental prosthesis (RDP). A technique is described for making final impressions to fabricate partial RDPs for Kennedy class III patients using a computer‐aided design and computer‐assisted manufacturing digital impression system.
The antagonistic effect of Banana bunchy top virus multifunctional protein B4 against Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Zhuang Jun , Coates Christopher J. , Mao Qianzhuo , Wu Zujian , Xie Lianhui 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe viral‐induced banana bunchy top disease and the fungal‐induced banana blight are two major causes of concern for industrial scale production of bananas. Banana blight is particularly troublesome, affecting ∼80% of crops worldwide. Strict guidelines and protocols are in place in order to ameliorate the effects of this devastating disease, yet little success has been achieved. From the data presented here, we have found that Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV)‐infected bananas are more resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). BBTV appears to be antagonistic towards Foc, thus improving the survivability of plants against blight. The BBTV suppressor of RNA silencing, namely protein B4, displays fungicidal properties in vitro. Furthermore, transgenic tomatoes expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged protein B4 demonstrate enhanced resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). Differential gene expression analysis indicates that increased numbers of photogenesis‐related gene transcripts are present in dark‐green leaves of B4‐GFP‐modified tomato plants relative to those found in WT plants. Conversely, the transcript abundance of immunity‐related genes is substantially lower in transgenic tomatoes compared with WT plants, suggesting that plant defences may be influenced by protein B4. This viral–fungal interaction provides new insights into microbial community dynamics within a single host and has potential commercial value for the breeding of transgenic resistance to Fusarium‐related blight/wilt.
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody negative pauci‐immune extracapillary glomerulonephritis
Authors: Villacorta Javier , Diaz‐Crespo Francisco , Acevedo Mercedes , Guerrero Carmen , Mollejo Manuela , Fernandez‐Juarez Gema 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimPauci‐immune extracapillary glomerulonephritis (PEGN) is one of the most common causes of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and is usually associated with circulating anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs). However, a significant number of individuals with PEGN test negative for ANCA and this study aimed to analyze the characteristics of this subgroup of patients.MethodsPatients from two centres who were diagnosed with PEGN between 1997 and 2014 were studied retrospectively. Clinicopathological characteristics and renal outcome were compared between patients presenting with pauci‐immune necrotizing extracapillary glomerulonephritis associated or not with the presence of circulating ANCA.ResultsAmong the 114 patients with PEGN, 29 (25.4%) were ANCA negative. Compared with the 85 ANCA‐positive patients, ANCA‐negative patients were younger at the onset (54.8 ± 17.2 vs 62 ± 14.0 years; P < 0.05). The median level of urinary protein excretion was significantly higher among ANCA‐negative patients (3.1 vs 1 g/24 h; P < 0.001), whereas no differences were found in renal function and need for dialysis between ANCA‐negative and positive groups. Extrarenal involvement was present independently of ANCA status. Histological analysis showed that ANCA‐negative patients were more likely to have mesangial proliferation (P < 0.05). Renal and global survival were similar between ANCA‐negative and positive patients, and treatment response and relapse rates were comparable in both groups.ConclusionsANCA‐negative pauci‐immune extracapillary glomerulonephritis is not a rare condition and is part of a systemic vasculitis disease. Although ANCA‐negative patients have renal and histological characteristics that differ from ANCA‐positive patients, renal survival and treatment response in PEGN are independent of ANCA status.
Prevention of contrast‐induced nephropathy with single bolus erythropoietin in patients with diabetic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shema‐Didi Lilach , Kristal Batya , Eizenberg Sarit , Marzuq Nabil , Sussan Majdy , Feldman‐Idov Yulie , Ofir Pnina , Atar Shaul 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimContrast‐induced‐nephropathy (CIN) is associated with poor outcomes, thus prevention of CIN may be of clinical value. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to elicit tissue‐protective effects in experimental models and in clinical studies of acute kidney injury. We therefore evaluated its effectiveness for prevention of CIN after coronary angiography (CA) ± percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease.MethodsA prospective, randomized, controlled trial was carried out in 138 diabetic patients with eGFR <60mL/min who underwent non‐urgent CA ± PCI. Patients received normal saline and n‐acetyl cysteine before CA, with or without 50 000 U of EPO administered 30 min prior to CA. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine of at least 0.5 mg/dL during the first 2 days after exposure to contrast media. Primary outcome was the incidence of CIN. Secondary outcomes were the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of Cystatin C (CC) and Neutrophil‐gelatinase‐associated‐lipocalin (NGAL) for diagnosis of CIN.ResultsThe observed incidence of CIN was 8.7%, significantly lower than the expected for such high‐risk population. The administration of EPO prior to CA did not reduce the incidence of CIN (9.7% vs. 7.6%, P = 0.65). CC and NGAL demonstrated a low sensitivity (16.6%) and low PPV (6.7 and 33.3%, respectively) for detecting CIN.ConclusionThe administration of EPO prior to CA did not reduce the incidence of CIN. Additional prospective research with a larger sample size and in other patient categories is essential to further define the potential protective effect of EPO on prevention of CIN.