bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What lessons can be learned from the perspective of the different actors in DM, especially from companies and social security organisations?
Authors: Geisen Thomas 
Published: November 2014

Background: In the context of demographic change and lack of qualified workers the preservation of the internal labour force gains importance for the companies. At the same time private and public income security organisations are increasingly interested in achieving better return to work out-comes in order to reduce their costs. Research shows that a functioning DM leads to more effective return to work in companies.Objectives: The interaction between the welfare state, the companies and private insurers is quite different in each county and highly depending and formed by the established welfare state scheme. In the presentation we will describe the interplay between the different stakeholders in DM for the situation in Switzerland and derive specific challenges and opportunities that arise from this set-ting. Methods: The presentation is based on findings from two studies (2008 and 20013) on disability management in private companies in Switzerland relying on qualitative and quantitative data. The results of these studies will be enriched with first findings from an ongoing international study that compares DM programmes in Switzerland, Australia, Canada and China (2013–2015).Findings: The cooperation between social insurances and the companies could be improved in various ways. Most important is the improvement of informal and institutional communication between the company and the social insurances representatives. But there is also a need to more effective and efficient cooperation in improving rehabilitation processes and the processes of work-place integration. In general the studies show not only that organisational development is needed but also the qualification of DMP’s, as key factors in the processes, need to be improved.Discussion: We will present findings from a study on DM programmes in private companies from 2008, from a study on DM activities in small and medium sized companies 2013 and first results from an on-going international comparative research project mentioned above. What lessons can be learned from the perspective of the different actors in DM, especially from companies and social security organisations?Conclusion: Companies, private insurers and social security organizations will gain new insights into challenges and opportunities of DM. The findings will help to enhance collaboration between these different stakeholders and might provide important insight to improve and enhance existing DM programmes.
Do DM professionals need to update their competencies to respond to older workers?
Authors: Zimmerman Wolfgang 
Published: November 2014

Background: The proportion of people with disabilities in the 50 to 64 year age is double that of those aged 35 and 44 years. Economic inactivity rates are almost 40% higher. Disability Management (DM) professionals are in the front line in responding to these challenges.Objectives: A key issue is the nature and extent that new knowledge and additional skills are required to respond effectively to the needs of older workers. Methods In 2013, the National Institute of Disability Management and Research (NIDMAR), in collaboration with Pacific Coast University for Workplace Health Sciences, brought stakeholders, professionals and researchers together to explore a more integrated approach to older workers. A follow up questionnaire was distributed to participants in order to validate the conclusions.Findings: The consensus was that DM professionals already had the skills required but that there were a number of areas where it was essential that knowledge be enhanced and attitudes changed. DM professionals required better knowledge of age-related health conditions, the complexities of co-morbidity and human rights issues and to acknowledge longer recovery times, the health benefits of work, the ability to learn new skills and older workers’ added value to teams.Discussion: In addition to the essential competences, 22 desirable domains of knowledge, skill and attitude were identified. The taxonomy produced has the potential to form the basis of a training needs analysis (TNA) that could be used by organizations to evaluate the competences of DM professionals and to produce age-sensitive continuing professional development modules.Conclusion: DM professionals are equipped with the necessary skills to respond effectively to older workers. The appropriate application of these skills requires a change in attitudes and a deeper knowledge of age-related health conditions and the human rights implications of the intersectionality of age and disability at work.
Multiple states for flow through a collapsible tube with discontinuities
Authors: Siviglia A. , Toffolon M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe study the occurrence of the multiple steady states that flows in a collapsible tube can develop under the effect of: (i) geometrical alterations (e.g. stenosis), (ii) variations of the mechanical properties of the tube wall, or (iii) variations of the external pressure acting on the conduit. Specifically, if the approaching flow is supercritical, two steady flow states are possible in a restricted region of the parameter space: one of these flow states is wholly supercritical while the other produces an elastic jump that is located upstream of the variation. In the latter case the flow undergoes a transition through critical conditions in the modified segment of the conduit. Both states being possible, the actual state is determined by the past history of the system, and the parameter values show a hysteretic behaviour when shifting from one state to the other. First we set up the problem in a theoretical framework assuming stationary conditions, and then we analyse the dynamics numerically in a one-dimensional framework. Theoretical considerations suggest that the existence of multiple states is associated with non-uniqueness of the steady-state solution, which is confirmed by numerical simulations of the fully unsteady problem.
Subordinates’ feedback-seeking behavior in supervisory relationships: A moderated mediation model of supervisor, subordinate, and dyadic characteristics
Authors: Chun Jae Uk , Choi Byoung Kwon , Moon Hyoung Koo 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis study examines the mediating role of subordinates’ perceived cost of feedback-seeking, which operates contingently upon their self-monitoring and the credibility of leader as a feedback source in the relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) quality and subordinates’ feedback-seeking behavior. The authors tested this moderated mediation model using reports from 217 subordinates employed in five large banking institutions in Korea. Results showed that the relationship between LMX quality and subordinates’ feedback-seeking behavior was mediated via the perceived cost of feedback-seeking only for subordinates with low self-monitoring and when leader credibility was low. This conditional indirect effect provides an integrated understanding of how supervisor, subordinate, and dyadic characteristics influence subordinates’ decision of whether to seek performance feedback.
The role of voice efficacy in the formation of voice behaviour: A cross-level examination
Authors: Duan Jinyun , Kwan Ho Kwong , Ling Bin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe present a voice efficacy model to account for the effects of general self-efficacy, perceived team servant leadership, and perceived organisational support on voice behaviour. In particular, we predict that general self-efficacy, perceived team servant leadership, and perceived organisational support enhance voice behaviour via voice efficacy. We also examined the extent to which perceived organisational support moderates the effect of voice efficacy on voice such that the effect is stronger when perceived organisational support is high. Using data collected from 401 employees in 91 groups and 53 organisations in China and controlling for psychological safety, we obtained full support for our hypotheses.
The relationship between workgroup identification and organizational identification: The moderating role of perceived similarities between targets
Authors: Marique Géraldine , Stinglhamber Florence , Desmette Donatienne , Goldoni Edwine 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe present research aims to examine the role played by perceived similarities between the workgroup and the organization in the relationships between workgroup identification, organizational identification, and affective organizational commitment. Using two different samples, we found that when perceived similarities were high, workgroup identification was more strongly related to organizational identification and that this relationship carried over to affective organizational commitment. These results were obtained with both a global measure of perceived similarities (Study 1) and a more narrow measure operationalizing perceived similarities in terms of value congruence (Study 2), confirming the generalizability of our results.
Delving into promises: Conceptually exploring the beliefs constituting the contemporary psychological contract
Authors: Bankins Sarah 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe psychological contract is used to examine the dynamics of the employee–employer exchange relationship. The dominant contract conceptualisation is that it is constituted by beliefs about ‘explicit’ and ‘implicit’ promises; however, there is a dearth of conceptual investigation regarding how other research fields understand promising and reconciling this with how the notion has come to be used in psychological contract theory. In particular, the notion of implicit promising remains conceptually and empirically underdeveloped, despite forming a key plank of the contemporary account of the contract. This paper explores these issues by presenting a cross-disciplinary review of promising and applying this to how the notion is used in the contract literature. A conceptual model is also developed to provide avenues to investigate how promise beliefs form in a contract context and their outcomes. Finally, research directions are outlined regarding the roles that beliefs other than promises can play in contract theory.
Personality and contextual antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior: A study of two occupational groups
Authors: Imer Pinar H. , Kabasakal Hayat , Dastmalchian Ali 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of personality trait of dispositional affect and contextual variables of multiple commitments on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) in two occupational groups. Three dimensions of OCBs were considered: helping, civic virtue and sportsmanship behaviors. We used positive and negative affectivity scale to measure dispositional affect. For commitments, we examined affective and normative organizational and occupational commitments. The data were collected from 180 engineers and 180 teachers. The findings show that affect, multiple commitments and occupation all have significant impacts on different dimensions of OCBs. Dispositional affect had the most influence on all three dimensions of OCBs. In addition, helping behavior is affected by normative organizational commitment while civic virtue behavior is influenced by affective commitments (both organizational and occupational) and occupation. Sportsmanship behavior is explained by occupation and affective organizational commitment. Occupation has been shown to make a unique contribution to understanding OCBs. The present study showed that the teachers, for example, exhibited more civic virtue and sportsmanship behaviors than the engineers. Implications of the findings for future research and practice are discussed.
Contextualizing research: Putting context back into organizational behavior research
Authors: Härtel Charmine E. J. , O’Connor Jennifer M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractContextualizing organizational behavior research means considering the influence of context and illuminating how context influences organizational behavior. In this article, we examine the field of organizational behavior against the criteria of contextualized research, finding it comes up short. We discuss the influences of context and contextual influences and identify ways to contextualize organizational behavior research. We provide examples of contextualized research and outline future directions for contextualized organizational behavior research. Lastly, we issue a call and urge scholars to take up the challenge of putting context back into their organizational behavior research and opening new research pathways and innovative theory for examining organization behavior.
Skipping breakfast leads to weight loss but also elevated cholesterol compared with consuming daily breakfasts of oat porridge or frosted cornflakes in overweight individuals: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Geliebter Allan , Astbury Nerys M. , Aviram-Friedman Roni , Yahav Eric , Hashim Sami 
Published: November 2014

AbstractEating breakfast may reduce appetite, body weight and CVD risk factors, but the breakfast type that produces the greatest health benefits remains unclear. We compared the effects of consuming a high-fibre breakfast, a non-fibre breakfast, or no-breakfast control on body weight, CVD risk factors and appetite. A total of thirty-six overweight participants (eighteen men and eighteen women) (mean age 33·9 (sd7·5) years, mean BMI 32·8 (sd4·7) kg/m2) were randomly assigned to consume oat porridge (n = 12), frosted cornflakes (n = 12) or a water control (n = 12) breakfast daily for 4 weeks. Appetite ratings were collected on the first day and weekly thereafter. Before and after the intervention, body weight, composition, blood pressure and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured and a fasting blood sample was collected. Across the 4 weeks, fullness was higher and hunger was lower in the oat porridge group compared with the control group (P < 0·05). Mean weight change over the intervention was significantly different in the control group (−1·18 (sd1·16) kg) compared with both the cornflakes (−0·12 (sd1·34) kg) and oat porridge (+0·26 (sd0·91) kg) groups (P < 0·05). However, the control group also showed elevated total cholesterol concentrations relative to the cornflakes and oat porridge groups (P < 0·05). There were no differences between groups in changes in body composition, blood pressure, REE or other CVD risk factors. In conclusion, although skipping breakfast led to weight loss, it also resulted in increased total cholesterol concentrations compared with eating either oat porridge or frosted cornflakes for breakfast.
The Dawes Review 3: The Atmospheres of Extrasolar Planets and Brown Dwarfs
Authors: Bailey Jeremy 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe last few years has seen a dramatic increase in the number of exoplanets known and in the range of methods for characterising their atmospheric properties. At the same time, new discoveries of increasingly cooler brown dwarfs have pushed down their temperature range which now extends down to Y-dwarfs of < 300 K. Modelling of these atmospheres has required the development of new techniques to deal with the molecular chemistry and clouds in these objects. The atmospheres of brown dwarfs are relatively well understood, but some problems remain, in particular the behavior of clouds at the L/T transition. Observational data for exoplanet atmosphere characterisation is largely limited to giant exoplanets that are hot because they are near to their star (hot Jupiters) or because they are young and still cooling. For these planets there is good evidence for the presence of CO and H2O absorptions in the IR. Sodium absorption is observed in a number of objects. Reflected light measurements show that some giant exoplanets are very dark, indicating a cloud free atmosphere. However, there is also good evidence for clouds and haze in some other planets. It is also well established that some highly irradiated planets have inflated radii, though the mechanism for this inflation is not yet clear. Some other issues in the composition and structure of giant exoplanet atmospheres such as the occurrence of inverted temperature structures, the presence or absence of CO2and CH4, and the occurrence of high C/O ratios are still the subject of investigation and debate.
Abolition, Law, and the Osu Marriage Novel
Authors: Osinubi Taiwo Adetunji 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis paper examines the representation of Osu slavery in Chinua Achebe’sNo Longer at Ease. Whereas critics read the references to Osu as a minor subplot in the novel, this author suggests the dissipation of the Osu marriage plot illustrates the crisis of abolition within the context of anticolonial struggles. By situating Achebe’s novel alongside midcentury discourses on abolition, freedom, and marriage rights, the author argues that the novel’s form responds to the impasses between the abolitionist agendas of international law, the administrative mandate of colonial law, and indigenous Igbo agitations for and against the eradication of the Osu system. Key to this reading is the novel’s cursory reference to the 1956 bride price laws of eastern Nigeria. By narrativizing the failure of the 1956 legislation, Achebe reflects upon African implication in slavery as well as on the divergences between midcentury anticolonial internationalism and on-ground interpretations and improvisations of freedom.
Revolution, Personalist Dictatorships, and International Conflict
Authors: Colgan Jeff D. , Weeks Jessica L.P. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA consensus exists that countries that have recently undergone domestic political revolutions are particularly likely to become involved in military conflicts with other states. However, scholars seek to understand when and why revolutions increase the likelihood of international violence. In contrast to existing work focusing on international systemic factors, we argue that revolution fosters conflict in part by affecting states’ domestic political structures. Previous research has shown that revolution tends to bring particularly aggressive leaders to power. We demonstrate that revolutions also frequently result in personalist dictatorships, or regimes that lack powerful institutions to constrain and punish leaders. By empowering and ensconcing leaders with revisionist preferences and high risk tolerance, revolutions that result in personalist dictatorships are significantly more likely to lead to international conflict than revolutions that culminate in other forms of government. Our arguments and evidence help explain not only why revolution so commonly leads to conflict, but also why some revolutions lead to conflict whereas others do not.
Maize yield response to a phosphorus-solubilizing microbial inoculant in field trials
Authors: LEGGETT M. , NEWLANDS N. K. , GREENSHIELDS D. , WEST L. , INMAN S. , KOIVUNEN M. E. 
Published: November 2014

SUMMARYFindings from multi-year, multi-site field trial experiments measuring maize yield response to inoculation with the phosphorus-solubilizing fungus,Penicillium bilaiaeChalabuda are presented. The main objective was to evaluate representative data on crop response to the inoculant across a broad set of different soil, agronomic management and climate conditions. A statistical analysis of crop yield response and its variability was conducted to guide further implementation of a stratified trial and sampling plan. Field trials, analysed in the present study, were conducted across the major maize producing agricultural cropland of the United States (2005–11) comprising 92 small (with sampling replication) and 369 large (without replication) trials. The multi-plot design enabled both a determination of how sampling area affects the estimation of maize yield and yield variance and an estimation of the ability of inoculation withP. bilaiaeto increase maize yield. Inoculation increased maize yield in 66 of the 92 small and 295 of the 369 large field trials (within the small plots, yield increased significantly at the 95% confidence level, by 0·17 ± 0·044 t/ha or 1·8%, while in the larger plots, yield increases were higher and less variable (i.e., 0·33 ± 0·026 t/ha or 3·5%). There was considerable inter-annual variability in maize yield response attributed to inoculation compared to the un-inoculated control, with yield increases varying from 0·7 ± 0·75 up to 3·7 ± 0·73%. No significant correlation between yield response and soil acidity (i.e., pH) was detected, and it appears that pH reduction (through organic acid or proton efflux) was unlikely to be the primary pathway for better phosphorus availability measured as increased yield. Seed treatment and granular or dribble band formulations of the inoculant were found to be equally effective. Inoculation was most effective at increasing maize yield in fields that had low or very low soil phosphorus status for both small and large plots. At higher levels of soil phosphorus, yield in the large plots increased more with inoculation than in the small plots, which could be explained by phosphorus fertilization histories for the different field locations, as well as transient (e.g., rainfall) and topographic effects.
Investigation of effects ofGiardia duodenalison transcellular and paracellular transport in enterocytes usingin vitroUssing chamber experiments
Authors: TYSNES KRISTOFFER R. , ROBERTSON LUCY J. 
Published: November 2014

SUMMARYThe mechanisms by which different genotypes ofGiardia duodenalisresult in different symptoms remain unresolved. In particular, we lack detailed knowledge on which transport mechanisms (transcellular or paracellular) are affected by differentGiardiaisolates. Using horse radish peroxidase (HRP) and creatinine as transcellular and paracellular probes, respectively, we developed a robust assay that can be used with an Ussing chamber to investigate epithelial transport, as well as short-circuit current as an indicator of net ion transport. We investigated 2Giardiaisolates, both Assemblage A, one a lab-adapted strain and the other a field isolate. Results indicate that products from sonicatedGiardiatrophozoites increase both transcellular and paracellular transport. A non-significant increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and short-circuit current were also noted. The paracellular transport was increased significantly more in the field isolate than in the lab-adapted strain. Our results indicate that while both transcellular and paracellular transport mechanisms may be increased following exposure of cells toGiardiatrophozoite sonicate, perhaps by inducing non-specific increases in cellular traffic, it is important thatin vitrostudies ofGiardiapathophysiology are conducted with differentGiardiaisolates, not just lab-attenuated strains.