bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas
Authors: Ghimire Roshan , Bohara Tanka Prasad , Rupakheti Shail , Joshi Mukunda Raj , Sharma Sunil Kumar 
Published: March 2014

Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm (SPN) of pancreas is atypical and uncommon pancreatic neoplasm which accounts for less than one percent of all pancreatic tumours. It is more common in females but has also been described in males. It has distinct radiological and histological features. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment. We report two cases of pancreatic neoplasm which were revealed as pseudopapillary tumour on histopathology report and both of the patients are doing well in follow up.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 2, No. 3, Issue 5, Jul.-Sep., 2013 Page: 152-155DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v2i3.9967Uploaded date : 3/4/2014
Integration of Problem Based Learning at Kathmandu Medical College
Authors: Lama Pratik Yonjan , Koirala Pramesh , Bhattarai Binita , Suwal Gopal , Deshar Sunkeshari 
Published: March 2014

Problem based learning as an alternative method of teaching had its initiation in Nepal at the Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj in 1978. From 2011, problem based learning has been introduced into the curriculum of all the medical colleges under Kathmandu University. However, successful implementation into the curriculum is still in the process of development. The objective of the article is to have a profound view on the students’ perspective towards the integration of Problem Based Learning in MBBS curriculum and the possible action plans for the effective implementation. A questionnaire survey was done in which a total of 114 out of 150 students of Kathmandu Medical College, MBBS second year participated. The results obtained suggested that problem based learning helps students remember and understand better than traditional lectures, increases integrative ability, self directed learning, sharpens analytic skills and develops group skills. Students believe that the role of facilitator in problem based learning in Kathmandu Medical College has been to motivate students, evaluate them and make a real effort in understanding their difficulties. However there are not enough sessions to cover the system blocks, aims and objectives in the course curriculum are not clear, topics covered in the sessions of problem based learning should be covered in the lecture hours also and meeting among the facilitators with an inclusion of a student representative has to be made. However, in the view of current scenario of student centered teaching, problem based learning has made a positive impact in students’ learning experience. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v2i3.9969Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 2, No. 3, Issue 5, Jul.-Sep., 2013Page: 162-166Uploaded date : 3/4/2014
L'architecture bouddhique dans la vallée du Haut Indus : un essai de typologie des représentations rupestres de stūpa
Authors: Bruneau Laurianne 
Published: March 2014

The rock carvings of the Upper Indus valley have now been published by the Academy of Heidelberg for more than 20 years (Forschungsstelle für Felsbilder und Inschriften am Karakorum Highway der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften). Among those are about 1,300 petroglyphs representing stūpas.
The stūpa and its image are widespread in space and time, thus the engravings of the Upper Indus valley can be compared to actual buildings (monumental or votive), sculptures (reliquary or reliefs) and paintings.
A typology as well as a proposed chronology of the carvings is introduced here.
The study shows that the stūpa engravings of the Upper Indus valley illustrate the morphology of the stūpa in not only North India (Gandhāra, Kashmir and the Western Himalayas) but also Central Asia from the 1st century B.C. to the 13th century A.D.
An information retrieval system for computerized patient records in the context of a daily hospital practice: the example of the Léon Bérard Cancer Center (France)
Authors: Biron P. , Pezet C. , Sebban C. , Barthuet E. , Durand T. , Metzger M.H. 
Published: March 2014

Summary
Background: A full-text search tool was introduced into the daily practice of Léon Bérard Center (France), a health care facility devoted to treatment of cancer. This tool was integrated into the hospital information system by the IT department having been granted full autonomy to improve the system.
Objectives: To describe the development and various uses of a tool for full-text search of computerized patient records.
Methods: The technology is based on Solr, an open-source search engine. It is a web-based application that processes HTTP requests and returns HTTP responses. A data processing pipeline that retrieves data from different repositories, normalizes, cleans and publishes it to Solr, was integrated in the information system of the Leon Bérard center. The IT department developed also user interfaces to allow users to access the search engine within the computerized medical record of the patient.
Results: From January to May 2013, 500 queries were launched per month by an average of 140 different users. Several usages of the tool were described, as follows: medical management of patients, medical research, and improving the traceability of medical care in medical records. The sensitivity of the tool for detecting the medical records of patients diagnosed with both breast cancer and diabetes was 83.0%, and its positive predictive value was 48.7% (gold standard: manual screening by a clinical research assistant).
Conclusion: The project demonstrates that the introduction of full-text-search tools allowed practitioners to use unstructured medical information for various purposes.
Citation: Biron P; Metzger MH; Pezet C; Sebban C; Barthuet E; Durand T. An information retrieval system for computerized patient records in the context of a daily hospital practice: the example of the Léon Bérard Cancer Center (France)Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 191–205http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2013-08-CR-0065
Insurance Instability for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder in the Year After Diagnosis
Authors: Christine Paul J. , Goldman Anna L. , Morgan Jake R. , Yan Shapei , Chatterjee Avik , Bettano Amy L. , Binswanger Ingrid A. , LaRochelle Marc R. 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceTransitions in insurance coverage may be associated with worse health care outcomes. Little is known about insurance stability for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD).ObjectiveTo examine insurance transitions among adults with newly diagnosed OUD in the 12 months after diagnosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsLongitudinal cohort study using data from the Massachusetts Public Health Data Warehouse. The cohort includes adults aged 18 to 63 years diagnosed with incident OUD between July 1, 2014, and December 31, 2014, who were enrolled in commercial insurance or Medicaid at diagnosis; individuals diagnosed after 2014 were excluded from the main analyses due to changes in the reporting of insurance claims. Data were analyzed from November 10, 2022, to May 6, 2024.ExposureInsurance type at time of diagnosis (commercial and Medicaid).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of insurance transitions in the 12 months after diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to generate estimated probabilities of insurance transitions by insurance type and diagnosis for several characteristics including age, race and ethnicity, and whether an individual started medication for OUD (MOUD) within 30 days after diagnosis.ResultsThere were 20 768 individuals with newly diagnosed OUD between July 1, 2014, and December 31, 2014. Most individuals with newly diagnosed OUD were covered by Medicaid (75.4%). Those with newly diagnosed OUD were primarily male (67% in commercial insurance, 61.8% in Medicaid). In the 12 months following OUD diagnosis, 30.4% of individuals experienced an insurance transition, with adjusted models demonstrating higher transition rates among those starting with Medicaid (31.3%; 95% CI, 30.5%-32.0%) compared with commercial insurance (27.9%; 95% CI, 26.6%-29.1%). The probability of insurance transitions was generally higher for younger individuals than older individuals irrespective of insurance type, although there were notable differences by race and ethnicity.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that nearly 1 in 3 individuals experience insurance transitions in the 12 months after OUD diagnosis. Insurance transitions may represent an important yet underrecognized factor in OUD treatment outcomes.
Spin‐Locked WS2 Vortex Emission via Photonic Crystal Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Xia Meng , Chen Yuhua , Zhou Jiaxin , Wang Yuefeng , Huang Di , Zhang Xingwang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOwing to their strong exciton effects and valley polarization properties, monolayer transition‐metal dichalcogenides (1L TMDs) have unfolded the prospects of spin‐polarized light‐emitting devices. However, the wavefront control of exciton emission, which is critical to generate structured optical fields, remains elusive. In this work, the experimental demonstration of spin‐locked vortex emission from monolayer Tungsten Disulfide (1L WS2) integrated with Silicon Nitride (SiNx) PhC slabs is presented. The symmetry‐protected bound states in the continuum (BIC) in the SiNx PhC slabs engender azimuthal polarization field distribution in the momentum space with a topological singularity in the center of the Brillouin zone, which imposes the resonantly enhanced WS2 exciton emission with a spin‐correlated spiral phase front by taking advantage of the winding topologies of resonances with the assistance of geometric phase scheme. As a result, exciton emission from 1L WS2 exhibits helical wavefront and doughnut‐shaped intensity beam profile in the momentum space with topological charges locked to the spins of light. This strategy on spin‐dependent excitonic vortex emission may offer the unparalleled capability of valley‐polarized structured light generation for 1L TMDs.
Unveiling Gating Behavior in Piezoionic Effect: toward Neuromimetic Tactile Sensing
Authors: Wang Shuyu , Yang Tianyu , Zhang Dingli , Hua Qilin , Zhao Yuliang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe human perception system's information processing is intricately linked to the nonlinear response and gating effect of neurons. While piezoionics holds potential in emulating the pressure sensing capability of biological skin, the incorporation of information processing functions seems neglected. Here, ionic gating behavior in piezoionic hydrogels is uncovered as a notable extension beyond the previously observed linear responses. The hydrogel can generate remarkably high voltages (700 mV) and currents (7 mA) when indentation forces surpass the threshold. Through a comprehensive analysis involving simulations and experimental investigations, it is proposed that the gating behavior emerges due to significant diffusion differences between cations and anions. To showcase the practical implications of this breakthrough, the piezoionic hydrogels are successfully integrated with prostheses and robot hands, demonstrating that the gating effect enables accurate discrimination between gentle and harsh touch. The advancement in neuromimetic tactile sensing has significant potential for emerging applications such as humanoid robotics and biomedical engineering, offering valuable opportunities for further development of embodied neuromorphic intelligence.
The SWELL1 Channel Promotes Ischemic Brain Damage by Mediating Neuronal Swelling and Glutamate Toxicity
Authors: Chen Jianan , Yang Junhua , Chu Jiachen , Chen Kevin Hong , Alt Jesse , Rais Rana , Qiu Zhaozhu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCytotoxic neuronal swelling and glutamate excitotoxicity are two hallmarks of ischemic stroke. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, it is reported that SWELL1, the essential subunit of the volume‐regulated anion channel (VRAC), plays a dual role in ischemic injury by promoting neuronal swelling and glutamate excitotoxicity. SWELL1 expression is upregulated in neurons and astrocytes after experimental stroke in mice. The neuronal SWELL1 channel is activated by intracellular hypertonicity, leading to Cl− influx‐dependent cytotoxic neuronal swelling and subsequent cell death. Additionally, the SWELL1 channel in astrocytes mediates pathological glutamate release, indicated by increases in neuronal slow inward current frequency and tonic NMDAR current. Pharmacologically, targeting VRAC with a new inhibitor, an FDA‐approved drug Dicumarol, attenuated cytotoxic neuronal swelling and cell death, reduced astrocytic glutamate release, and provided significant neuroprotection in mice when administered either before or after ischemia. Therefore, these findings uncover the pleiotropic effects of the SWELL1 channel in neurons and astrocytes in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and provide proof of concept for therapeutically targeting it in this disease.
Highly C‐axis Aligned ALD‐InGaO Channel Improving Mobility and Thermal Stability for Next‐Generation 3D Memory Devices
Authors: Ryu Seong‐Hwan , Kim Hye‐Mi , Kim Dong‐Gyu , Park Jin‐Seong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA way to obtain highly ordered and thermally stable crystalline In–Ga–O (IGO) thin films is reported by atomic layer deposition with novel bulky dimethyl[N‐(tert‐butyl)−2‐methoxy‐2‐methylpropan‐1‐amine] gallium precursor. The optimal cation composition for IGO (In:Ga = 4:1 at%) shows a pronounced alignment along the high c‐axis with cubic (222) orientation at a relatively low annealing temperature of 400 °C. Moreover, the crystallinity and oxygen‐related defects persist even at elevated annealing temperatures of 700 °C. Owing to its well‐aligned crystallinity, the optimal IGO thin film transistor demonstrates extremely high field‐effect mobility (µFE) and remarkable thermal stability at high temperatures of 700 °C (µFE: 96.0 → 128.2 cm2 V−1s−1). Also, process‐wise, its excellent step coverage (side: 96%, bottom: 100%), compositional uniformity in a 40:1 aspect ratio structure, superior crystal growth in vertical structures, and excellent reproducibility make it a promising candidate for application as a channel in next‐generation 3D memory devices.
Recursive multi‐sensor fusion estimation under the coding‐based relay network
Authors: Zhang Mengyao , Liu Shuai , Deng Junyong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the recursive fusion estimation issue for a class of linear time‐varying multi‐sensor systems with amplify‐and‐forward (AF) relays. The AF relay is located between the sensor and the estimator to forward measurement signals for facilitating long‐distance transmission. A binary encoding scheme is used to regulate signal transmission via a digital network where the signal is encoded into a bit string and decoded at the endpoint of the receiver. Because of the uncertainty of the network and the existence of channel noises, a set of Bernoulli distributed random variables is introduced to characterize the random bit flip phenomenon. The purpose of the addressed problem is to design a fusion estimator to simultaneously reflect the impact of multiplicative noises, the AF relay, the binary encoding scheme, and the random bit flip on the filtering error covariance. First of all, an upper bound for the filtering error covariance of the local estimator can be acquired, and by minimizing such an upper bound, the parametric form of the gain matrix is obtained. Subsequently, the fusion estimation is given based on the covariance intersection fusion strategy. Finally, a simulation example is presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed multi‐sensor fusion estimation.
Using ALS to understand profilin 1's diverse roles in cellular physiology
Authors: Lindamood Halli L. , Liu Tatiana M. , Read Tracy‐Ann , Vitriol Eric A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProfilin is an actin monomer‐binding protein whose role in actin polymerization has been studied for nearly 50 years. While its principal biochemical features are now well understood, many questions remain about how profilin controls diverse processes within the cell. Dysregulation of profilin has been implicated in a broad range of human diseases, including neurodegeneration, inflammatory disorders, cardiac disease, and cancer. For example, mutations in the profilin 1 gene (PFN1) can cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), although the precise mechanisms that drive neurodegeneration remain unclear. While initial work suggested proteostasis and actin cytoskeleton defects as the main pathological pathways, multiple novel functions for PFN1 have since been discovered that may also contribute to ALS, including the regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport, stress granules, mitochondria, and microtubules. Here, we will review these newly discovered roles for PFN1, speculate on their contribution to ALS, and discuss how defects in actin can contribute to these processes. By understanding profilin 1's involvement in ALS pathogenesis, we hope to gain insight into this functionally complex protein with significant influence over cellular physiology.
Serological responses and clinical outcomes following a three‐dose primary COVID‐19 vaccine schedule in kidney transplant recipients and people on dialysis
Authors: Tharmaraj Dhakshayini , Boo Irene , O'Hara Jessie , Sun Shir , Polkinghorne Kevan R , Dendle Claire , Turner Stephen J , van Zelm Menno C , Drummer Heidi E , Khoury Gabriela , Mulley William R 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesDespite vaccination strategies, people with chronic kidney disease, particularly kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), remained at high risk of poor COVID‐19 outcomes. We assessed serological responses to the three‐dose COVID‐19 vaccine schedule in KTRs and people on dialysis, as well as seroresponse predictors and the relationship between responses and breakthrough infection.MethodsPlasma from 30 KTRs and 17 people receiving dialysis was tested for anti‐Spike receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG and neutralising antibodies (NAb) to the ancestral and Omicron BA.2 variant after Doses 2 and 3 of vaccination.ResultsAfter three doses, KTRs achieved lower anti‐Spike RBD IgG levels (P < 0.001) and NAb titres than people receiving dialysis (P = 0.002). Seropositive cross‐reactive Omicron neutralisation levels were achieved in 11/27 (40.7%) KTRs and 11/14 (78.6%) dialysis recipients. ChAdOx1/viral‐vector vaccine type, higher mycophenolate dose (> 1 g per day) and lower absolute B‐cell counts predicted poor serological responses in KTRs. ChAdOx‐1 vaccine type and higher monocyte counts were negative predictors in dialysis recipients. Among ancestral NAb seroresponders, higher NAb levels positively correlated with higher Omicron neutralisation (R = 0.9, P < 0.001). More KTRs contracted SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (14/30; 47%) than dialysis recipients (5/17; 29%) and had more severe disease. Those with breakthrough infections had significantly lower median interdose incremental change in anti‐Spike RBD IgG and ancestral NAb titres.ConclusionSerological responses to COVID‐19 vaccines in KTRs lag behind their dialysis counterparts. KTRs remained at high risk of breakthrough infection after their primary vaccination schedule underlining their need for booster doses, strict infection prevention measures and close surveillance.
Differences in corneal nerve fiber density and fiber length in patients with painful chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy and diabetic polyneuropathy
Authors: Nieuwenhoff Mariska D. , Nguyen Hoang‐Ton , Niehof Sjoerd P. , Huygen Frank J. P. M. , Verma Ajay , Klaassen Erica S. , Bechakra Malik , Geelhoed Wouter J. , Jongen Joost L. M. , Moll Annette C. , Vrancken Alexander F. J. E. , Petzold Axel , Groeneveld Geert Jan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsCorneal confocal microscopy (CCM) detects small nerve fiber loss and correlates with skin biopsy findings in diabetic neuropathy. In chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy (CIAP) this correlation is unknown. Therefore, we compared CCM and skin biopsy in patients with CIAP to healthy controls, patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) and diabetics without overt neuropathy (DM).MethodsParticipants with CIAP and suspected small fiber neuropathy (n = 15), PDN (n = 16), DM (n = 15), and healthy controls (n = 16) underwent skin biopsy and CCM testing. Inter‐center intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for CCM parameters.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, patients with CIAP and PDN had significantly fewer nerve fibers in the skin (IENFD: 5.7 ± 2.3, 3.0 ± 1.8, 3.9 ± 1.5 fibers/mm, all p < .05). Corneal nerve parameters in CIAP (fiber density 23.8 ± 4.9 no./mm2, branch density 16.0 ± 8.8 no./mm2, fiber length 13.1 ± 2.6 mm/mm2) were not different from healthy controls (24.0 ± 6.8 no./mm2, 22.1 ± 9.7 no./mm2, 13.5 ± 3.5 mm/mm2, all p > .05). In patients with PDN, corneal nerve fiber density (17.8 ± 5.7 no./mm2) and fiber length (10.5 ± 2.7 mm/mm2) were reduced compared with healthy controls (p < .05). CCM results did not correlate with IENFD in CIAP patients. Inter‐center ICC was 0.77 for fiber density and 0.87 for fiber length.DiscussionIn contrast to patients with PDN, corneal nerve parameters were not decreased in patients with CIAP and small nerve fiber damage. Therefore, CCM is not a good biomarker for small nerve fiber loss in CIAP patients.
Ultrasonographic abnormalities in clinically unaffected nerves of patients with nonvasculitic motor and sensorimotor mononeuropathies
Authors: Podnar Simon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsDiagnostic criteria for multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) and multifocal acquired demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy (MADSAM) require the involvement of at least two peripheral nerves. However, many patients with very similar features have clinical involvement of only a single peripheral nerve, which may preclude their correct diagnosis and treatment. The present study aimed to present a cohort of such patients and discuss the role of ultrasonography (US) in their diagnosis.MethodsPatients with nonvasculitic immune‐mediated motor mononeuropathies (MM) and sensorimotor mononeuropathies (SMM) were recruited prospectively or identified from the electronic records. They were invited to comprehensive follow‐up visits consisting of clinical examination, electrodiagnostic (EDx), and US studies.ResultsTwenty‐four patients (13 men) were studied (11 with MM). The characteristics of MM and SMM patients were very similar to MMN and MADSAM, respectively. The US, in addition to a long‐swollen segment (average length, 20 cm) in the clinically affected nerve, revealed nerve swelling in, on average, six additional sites in clinically unaffected nerves.DiscussionIn patients with clinical and EDx involvement of only a single nerve, an US demonstration of multifocal peripheral nerve swelling points to a more widespread, probably dysimmune mechanism. Further studies are needed to evaluate the value of US as a supplementary method for the diagnosis of MADSAM and MMN in patients with clinical involvement of a single nerve.