bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Treatment of Achilles Tendinopathy Using Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound
Authors: Hsu Andrew R. , Holmes George B. 
Published: August 2015

Background. Achilles tendinopathy is a degenerative process of the tendon associated with diminished vascularity, microtrauma, and aging. Nonoperative treatments such as activity modification, immobilization, night splints, and physical therapy have good outcomes for the majority of patients. However, there are cohorts of patients that remain symptomatic despite use of all nonoperative measures that eventually require surgical intervention. The present study reports the preliminary short-term clinical outcomes of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) for treatment for Achilles tendinopathy. Materials and Methods. Fourteen patients with clinically diagnosed Achilles tendinopathy who failed previous nonoperative treatments underwent LIPUS stimulation directly over the area of maximum tendon tenderness for 20 min/d for 8 weeks total. No other treatment modalities were used during the period of LIPUS stimulation. All patients had serial clinical exams and evaluations with an average follow-up of 12 months (range, 6-50 months). Results. Excellent clinical outcomes with complete resolution of pain and other symptoms were obtained in 7 patients (50%). Two patients (14%) had good outcomes with mild tendon irritation and stiffness not requiring further intervention. Five patients (36%) had minimal benefit with continued pain, swelling, and tenderness over the Achilles and functional deficits. No patients had worsening pain or progression of disability requiring surgery. Conclusions. LIPUS is an additional noninvasive treatment modality for chronic Achilles tendinopathy that may potentially help improve clinical symptoms and delay and/or prevent the need for surgical intervention. While LIPUS is easy to use, well-tolerated, and has promising early clinical results, further research is needed to determine the long-term benefits, disadvantages, and cost-effectiveness of this alternative treatment for tendinopathy. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case series
Radical cystectomy: Analysis of trends in UK practice 2004–2012, from the British Association of Urological Surgeons’ (BAUS) Section of Oncology Dataset
Authors: Cresswell J , Mariappan P , Thomas SA , Khan MS , Johnson MI , Fowler S ,   on behalf of the BAUS Section of Oncology
Published: August 2015

Objective: To analyse the British Association of Urological Surgeons’ (BAUS) radical cystectomy (RC) dataset, to examine the trends in patient selection, use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and operative technique. Methods: Data for RC were entered into a database voluntarily, by operating surgeons. A comparison was made to the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data, to estimate the proportion of cases captured by the dataset. Results: From 2004 to 2012, data was collected on 5321 patients undergoing RC. This constituted 37.1% of all HES RC cases during the corresponding time period. Notable trends were: An increasing use of NAC, the introduction of minimally-invasive surgery (23.5% in 2012), a dramatic reduction in blood transfusion rates and the increasing yields from lymph node dissection. The ileal conduit urinary diversion predominated as the urinary diversion of choice (80% of cases). Conclusions: This analysis of a large multi-centre dataset provides insight into RC practice in the UK, over 8 years. The major weaknesses of the study were that only one-third of cases were recorded and that outcome data was very limited. Mandatory publication of outcome data from 2016 should increase the recording of cases and provide material for a more complete analysis.
Synergistic activity of BET protein antagonist-based combinations in mantle cell lymphoma cells sensitive or resistant to ibrutinib
Authors: Sun Baohua , Shah Bhavin , Fiskus Warren , Qi Jun , Rajapakshe Kimal , Coarfa Cristian , Li Li , Devaraj Santhana G. T. , Sharma Sunil , Zhang Liang , Wang Michael L. , Saenz Dyana T. , Krieger Stephanie , Bradner James E. , Bhalla Kapil N. 
Published: August 2015

Key Points
BA reduces MYC, CDK4/6, nuclear RelA, and BTK expression and is synergistically lethal with ibrutinib in MCL cells. Cotreatment with BA and inhibitor of BCL2, CDK4/6, or histone deacetylases is synergistically lethal against ibrutinib-resistant MCL cells.
Toll-like receptor 4-interacting SPA4 peptide suppresses the NLRP3 inflammasome in response to LPS and ATP stimuli
Authors: Ramani Vijay , Awasthi Shanjana 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Inflammation is induced because of interplay among multiple signaling pathways and molecules during infectious and noninfectious tissue injuries. Crosstalk between Toll-like receptor-4 signaling and the neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein, major histocompatibility class 2 transcription activator, incompatibility locus protein from Podospora anserina, and telomerase-associated protein (NACHT), leucine-rich repeat (LRR), and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome against pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns can cause exaggerated inflammation. We previously established that the Toll-like receptor-4-interacting SPA4 peptide suppresses gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (Toll-like receptor-4 ligand)-induced nuclear factor-κB and inflammatory response. In the present study, we hypothesized that the SPA4 peptide exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the crosstalk between Toll-like receptor-4 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome. We evaluated binding of the lipopolysaccharide-ligand to cell-surface Toll-like receptor-4 in the presence or absence of adenosine triphosphate (an NLRP3 inflammasome inducer) by flow cytometry. The expression and activity of NLRP3 inflammasome-related parameters were studied in cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine triphosphate using molecular and immunologic methods. The cells were challenged with lipopolysaccharide and treated with SPA4 peptide before (pre-adenosine triphosphate) or after (post-adenosine triphosphate) secondary challenge with adenosine triphosphate. Our data demonstrate that the Toll-like receptor-4-interacting SPA4 peptide does not affect the binding of lipopolysaccharide to Toll-like receptor-4 in the presence or absence of adenosine triphosphate. We also found that the SPA4 peptide inhibits mRNA and cellular protein levels of pro-interleukin-1β and NLRP3, formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase activity, and release of interleukin-1β. Furthermore, the SPA4 peptide treatment reduced the secreted levels of interleukin-1β from cells overexpressing Toll-like receptor-4 compared with cells expressing the dominant-negative form of Toll-like receptor-4. Together our results suggest that the SPA4 peptide exerts its anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing Toll-like receptor-4-priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome
But is it art? The tale of Sequentia Pannelart
Authors: Locke Simon 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In this article, I aim to cast doubt on the commonly told history of the development of North American comics ‘art’ as an emancipation from predatory ‘business’. To accentuate the point, I begin with a brief parody of this history designed to show its ironic formulaic quality and to highlight the centrality assigned to the metaphor of the ‘assembly line’ to describe the labour process in the ‘mainstream’ industry. I suggest that the image of the assembly line is a folk category, employed by members of the comics community to accentuate a contrast with a notion of art as single creative visions, a view supported by examples from the writings of Gary Groth and Dave Sim, leading figures during the 1980s in developing a critique of industry production practices. Their critique sharply contrasted ‘art’ and ‘business’ to help provide a legitimizing framework for independent and self-publishing, and for creator rights. However, I use a further example from Sim to show that the contrast was open to more flexible characterization, thus highlighting its rhetorical form. I conclude from this that the categories ‘art’ and ‘business’ have attached to them a set of commonly recognized attributes that may be mobilized to advance contrastive characterizations, but which are open to inventive modification in accord with specific argumentative purposes. It follows that inferences drawn about the artistic merit of the products of the mainstream industry based on its contractual relations and labour process rely upon this rhetorical contrast rather than features inherent in those industrial practices. Therefore, the adoption by comics scholars of a description of these practices through the image of the ‘assembly line’ uncritically adopts the same rhetoric presenting at best only a partial and selective account of the mainstream industry and the aesthetics of its products; a folk tale that comics scholarship needs to advance beyond.
Depiction and demarcation in comics: Towards an account of the medium as a drawing practice
Authors: Miers John 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Despite the insistence of many authors on the primacy of the visual in comics, there has been comparatively little attention given to the drawing practices that create comics texts. This article will argue for the value of, and make some initial proposals regarding the nature of, an account of comics production as a distinct drawing practice, not as a rejection of language-centred accounts, but as a necessary complement to the understandings they enable. Accounts of depiction by Kendall Walton, Michael Podro and Patrick Maynard describe a process of imagining into drawn marks, in which the viewer maintains an awareness of their own cognitive activity in taking the sight of the image before them as the sight of the depicted subject. Readerly awareness of this type is well-known to comics researchers through discussion of the cognitive effort involved in achieving what Scott McCloud famously describes as ‘closure’, yet such discussions generally begin with the assumption of the reader’s recognition of depicted scenes. A full account of this fundamental operation of comics reading also requires an account of the methods by which readers use what is perceptually presented to them to imagine events taking place within the images. Walton’s theory of ‘mimesis as make-believe’ will be used here to suggest the way in which fictional truths are generated by drawing styles common to comics. Drawing on the phenomenological grounding of Walton’s approach, I will argue for its compatibility with conceptual metaphor theory, and that the less obviously pictorial drawing conventions of emanata operate as visual metaphors that emerge from our embodied experience of the world.
Experiments in comics storytelling
Authors: Dittmar Jakob F. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The article looks at several examples of experimental comics storytelling, which are results of various comics courses at Malmö University. The article starts with an explanation of the basis of the narrative and graphic structure of comics before focusing on three examples. All examples use the particularity of sequencing images as their starting points but continue into quite different areas. While the options available in digital materials are worked with in two of the examples, the third focuses on expanding sequential pictorial storytelling into tactile print for blind people. The different examples show how much comics can be expanded on when experimenting on page styles and pacing of narration.
Grade 7 students actively creating graphic narratives: A linear process?
Authors: Noel Resa R. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Existing literature on using graphic novels as a pedagogical tool rarely reports on the complexities of producing graphic narratives as part of disciplinary content. This article draws from a wider case study designed to explore the pedagogical potential of graphic novel texts in developing Grade 7 students’ multiliteracy skills over one school term in St. Vincent and the Grenadines. Teachers’ practice did not include graphic novels so a professional development workshop was facilitated to develop strategies for the integration of graphic novel texts into the English Language curriculum. Then, teachers implemented a pre-designed teaching unit plan to formulate lessons for the study of one graphic novel text followed by the creation of conventional narratives, storytelling via words, which were then transferred into graphic narratives, storytelling via words and pictures. Lastly, students’ and teachers’ experiences, interpretations and text productions were captured through multiple data sources such as interviews, surveys and texts/artefacts. This article examines the experiences of and artefacts produced as a result of students’ making meaning of and creating graphic narrative texts. This raises questions about the ways in which conventional narrative writing strategies and knowledge might become transferrable to graphic narrative writing, and vice versa. It also raises questions about graphic novels as legitimate, stand- alone texts for making meaning and production in the research site where graphic novels had not been used prior to the intervention. A framework including sociocultural approaches to teaching and learning that emphasizes the importance of culture and context in constructing knowledge, frame the results and show the dissonance students experienced as they negotiated the diverse demands for transferring their conventional narratives into graphic narratives. In addition, the results show that some students engaged in an authentic, creative experience in which they drew on a myriad of multimodal and experiential resources. These findings contribute to the gap in the literature on the experiences of and texts/artefacts produced as a result of the integration of multimodal texts like graphic novels within the secondary English Language curriculum.
Teaching comics in class: Between mainstream and the alternative
Authors: Krantz Gunnar 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Since the turn of the millennium Swedish mainstream comics have moved from traditional towards the alternative, with best-selling artists working with autobiographical, political and feminist comics. A part of this development is credited to Serieskolan i Malmö/The Comics Art School in Malmoe, which was founded in 1999. The idea of educating comic artists initially met resistance within the field, and leading experts and artists proclaimed their distrust in the concept of comics education. However, this notion is, as this article explains, false. The majority of successful comic artists have undergone some kind of artistic training before entering the field, either by attending art or design schools, through specially designed courses within the studio system, or by studying at comic educational institutes, such as the SVA – The School of Visual Arts – or The Joe Kubert School of Cartoon and Graphic Art. The experience of teaching comics in Sweden during the last fifteen years shows that comic schools educating comic artists not only educate their students in the craft of making comics but also function as a platform for collaboration. By introducing courses on comics at university level in Malmoe (often called ‘the city of comics’), the mix of theory and practice creates opportunities for scholars, artists and practitioners to gain new knowledge.
‘The roaring 30s’: Style, intertextuality, space and history in Marvel Noir
Authors: Lund Martin 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article analyses Marvel Comics’ Marvel Noir franchise, published between 2009 and 2011. Taking as its starting point the promise in a 2008 press release that in the comics, Marvel superheroes would ‘meet’ film noir in a new continuity set in the ‘roaring 30s’, the article considers the advertised ‘meeting’ from three different angles: (1) Marvel Noir’s relationship to ‘classic’ film noir; (2) intertextuality in Marvel Noir; and (3), the franchise’s engagement with space and history. In the first instance, drawing on recent film noir scholarship, the article argues that for historical reasons, Marvel Noir manages only to evoke a pastiched ‘image’ of noir drawn from a popular conception of what noir is. Second, it highlights how the heterogeneity of the franchise’s intertextual orbit further defers the ‘meeting’ and that, ultimately, because it builds upon and anticipates the seriality of regular superhero fictions, the real content of the stories is neither film noir nor other historical popular culture, but rather earlier Marvel stories. Third, it looks at how space and history are figured. Although a few exceptions that deal with racial formation are discussed, space appears as largely anonymous ‘images’ that deepen the image of noir while history is generally connoted through a vague sense of ‘pastness’. By way of concluding, the article notes that the postmodern depthlessness of the franchise’s ‘meeting’ with film noir is to be expected, given the style’s historical progresses. Rather, while Marvel Noir perhaps represents an attempt to escape the present through a postmodern play with nostalgia, intertextuality and surfaces, the choice of setting and the recurrent confirmation of the superhero genre’s primacy betrays a return of the repressed, in which the past becomes an unuttered hope for the future.
An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Human Semen Identification Based on a Biotinylated Monoclonal Antibody to a Seminal Vesicle-Specific Antigen
Authors: Herr JC , Woodward MP 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Monoclonal antibody mouse antihuman semen-5 (MHS-5) (immunoglobulin G1 [IgG1]) was biotinylated using N-biotinyl-w-aminocaproic acid-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester. This monoclonal antibody-biotin conjugate recognized low molecular weight peptide bands between 10.5 and 20 kilodaltons on immunoblots of liquefied semen. Immunodominant peptides had molecular weights of 10.5, 11.5, and 13.5 kilodaltons. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed with the biotinylated-MAb and streptavidin peroxidase demonstrated sensitivity curves with lower limits of 10 ng of seminal fluid protein per microtiter well using 50 ng per well of monoclonal antibody-biotin conjugate. Cross-reactivity studies on a panel of human biological fluids and tissues demonstrated no cross-reactivity or false positives using the monoclonal antibody-biotin conjugate. The sensitivity of the monoclonal antibody-biotin ELISA was compared to ELISA based upon a polyclonal secondary antibody-peroxidase conjugate. These findings indicate that this ELISA assay, based on a biotinylated monoclonal antibody to a seminal vesicle-specific antigen, may be useful for semen identification.
A Method for Routinely Producing High Resolution Black-and-White Journal Quality Photographs of Electrophoretic Gels
Authors: Alexander LA , Reeder DJ , Budowle B 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A method is described for obtaining high resolution, black-and-white, journal quality photographs of electrophoretic protein patterns produced from a variety of stain systems. The photographic procedure employs a 35-mm single-lens reflex camera with an uncoupled, built-in light meter, Kodak Tech Pan Film, Kodak D-19 developer, and Kodak Grade 5 high-contrast paper. The procedure is applicable to a variety of protein stain systems which included Coomassie Brilliant Blue R250, bromophenol blue, silver, negative gold, tetrazolium dyes, and fluorescence.
A Review of Abortion, Medicine, and the Law
Authors: Moenssens AA 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The first Abortion, Medicine, and the Law was a 1967 special issue of the Case Western Law Review. This third edition collects 16 articles that address the legal, medical, and ethical issues in the ongoing abortion debate. Repeat articles include those by the late Dr. Alan F. Guttmacher on the beginnings of the abortion movement and by Daniel Callahan on the ethical issues concerning abortion. The new articles are written from the viewpoints of educators, physicians, lawyers, psychiatrists, and politicians who are well-known and outspoken on the subject of abortion, such as President Ronald Reagan.
A Review of The Personal Identification of Living Individuals
Authors: Principe A 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This book is an overview of the many methods of personal identification of living individuals. It is heavily referenced with little or no original subject matter. The book is a narrative work intended for field workers or generally interested readers. The field of personal identification via the techniques addressed in this book such as fingerprints, lip prints, handwriting, visual identification, voice printing, and dentition have been known for years. The author discusses the Bertillion Measurement System as a method of individual identification that has lost credibility years ago.
An Analysis of Toxic Deaths, 1982 to 1985, Pima County, Arizona
Authors: Froede SM , Byers JM , Wolfgang GHI , Froede RC , Jones AM , Henry TE 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Toxic deaths in Pima County, Arizona, were studied over a four-year period. The deaths were analyzed according to cause and manner of death, toxic substance, and demographic data. The age group 40 to 49 years had the highest rate of suicide from toxic substances. The accident death rate was highest for ages 20 to 29 years. Carbon monoxide was most often found to be the cause of deaths in this study. The most prevalent drugs were narcotics followed by antidepressants, cocaine, and barbiturates. Comparisons are made with similar studies.
Introduction
Authors: Cravey RH 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
“Designer drugs” are not new. Analogs of amphetamine, DMA, DOM, DOB, MDA, MMDA, and TMA, appeared in the 1960s and were widely used and abused. Phencyclidinc analogs appeared in the 1970s. These drugs were taken in milligram amounts and we could usually find them in the blood following a single dose.
Simultaneous Diagnosis of Coagulation Factor XIIIA (F13A) and Plasminogen (PLG) Phenotypes by Polyacrylamide Gel Isoelectric Focusing
Authors: Caeiro JLB , Llano C , Parra E 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we report a simple rapid method for simultaneous determination of Coagulation Factor XIIIA (F13A) and plasminogen (PLG) phenotypes by PAGIF with a nominal pH range of 3.5 to 10. followed by immunofixation and silver stain. Critical considerations concerning the conditions of molecular separation and detection strategies are also presented.
Simulated Paraphilias: A Preliminary Study of Patients Who Imitate or Exaggerate Paraphilic Symptoms and Behaviors
Authors: Paul Fedoroff J , Hanson A , McGuire M , Malin HM , Berlin FS 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In a consecutive series of admissions to the Johns Hopkins Sexual Disorders Unit, 4 out of 20 patients appeared to have simulated paraphilic symptoms that further assessment indicated were either exaggerated or not present. The paper presents case histories of these 4 patients. A descriptive comparison is made between these patients and control groups of patients who admitted having paraphilic symptoms and a group of patients accused to having paraphilic symptoms but who denied them. Patients who simulated paraphilias tended to be self-referred (75%) and without current legal charges (100%). None of these patients was referred or sought treatment for pedophilia, in contrast to the other two patient groups, in which pedophilia accounted for 75% of the referrals. Several possible explanations for why patients might simulate paraphilias and implications for therapists who evaluate or treat sex offenders are discussed.