bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERBANDINGAN KERUPUK GENDAR BERAS PUTIH DAN KERUPUK GENDAR BERAS JAGUNG DITINJAU DARI SELERA WARGA BULUSTALAN SEMARANG
Authors: Yulianto Fajar Pradapa Sri , Kusumawati Anidya 
Published: August 2024

Indonesia adalah negara yang kaya akan budaya sehingga melahirkan keberagaman budaya, salah satunya adalah makanan tradisional, seperti karak/ kerupuk gendar. Karak atau yang biasa disebut dengan kerupuk nasi, gendar maupun puli merupakan kerupuk yang sangat familiar dan digemari oleh sebagian masyarakat Indonesia khususnya masyarakat Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. Kerupuk gendar yang banyak beredar dipasaran adalah kerupuk gendar berbahan dasar beras putih. Namun, tidak menutup kemungkinan juga beredar kerupuk gendar dengan bahan dasar utama beras jagung.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kesukaan kerupuk gendar yang berbahan dasar beras putih dan beras jagung melalui aspek rasa, aroma, warna, dan tekstur pada masyarakat Bulustalan, Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dilihat dari aspek rasa, aroma, warna, dan tekstur, warga masyarakat Bulustalan, Semarang lebih menyukai kerupuk gendar berbahan dasar beras putih dibandingkan dengan kerupuk gendar berbahan dasar beras jagung.
Analisis Korelasi Eta dalam Menentukan Hubungan antara Tempat Wisata dan Jumlah Wisatawan Mancanegara di Kota Surakarta
Authors: Pratama Endra 
Published: August 2024

Surakarta merupakan kota tradisional Jawa yang telah lama membentuk tata ruang kotanya secara unik dan spesifik. Surakarta dengan keraton sebagai salah satu titik awal tumbuhnya kebudayaan memiliki daya tarik tersendiri bagi wisatawan bahkan wisatawan mancanegara. Wisatawan mancanegara menjadi objek yang diteliti pada penelitian ini apakah mereka tertarik dengan tempat wisata yang ada di Kota Surakarta. Data penelitian ini bersumber dari BPS. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan korelasi Eta. Hasil menunjukan bahwa korelasi cukup lemah antara tempat wisata dan jumlah wisatawan mancanegara yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,114. Hal ini dapat diartikan wisatawan mancanegara kurang tertarik dengan adanya tempat wisata di Kota Surakarta. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah Kota Surakarta harus memiliki inovasi lebih agar tempat wisata di Kota Surakarta lebih menarik perhatian wisatawan mancanegara dan dapat dikenal di lingkup internasional.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan Lapas Takalar Melalui Pelatihan Pengolahan Bandeng Tanpa Duri
Authors: Harianti Harianti , Angreni Husni , Khairiyah Zul , Sofyan Jawiana Saokani , Karim Mutemainna , Hidayani Mesalina Tri 
Published: August 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk (1) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mulai dari pemilihan bahan baku, pengolahan dan pengemasan pada Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan (WBP) Lapas Takalar dalam pengolahan Bandeng Tanpa Duri (BATARI), (2) meningkatkan nilai konsumsi ikan bandeng karena produk ini dibuat khusus untuk menghilangkan duri yang banyak terdapat pada daging ikan bandeng, (3) menciptakan peluang bisnis dan pendapatan baru bagi WBP Lapas Takalar melalui keterampilan yang didapat dalam pelatihan tersebut. Pencapaian tujuan pelatihan tersebut dilakukan melalui pelatihan dengan metode ceramah, demontrasi, tanya jawab dan evaluasi kegiatan. Setelah kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan monitoring atau evaluasi oleh tim PKM untuk melihat dan menilai pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang diperoleh dalam pelatihan pengolahan Bandeng Tanpa Duri. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa pelatihan pada program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat tersebut berjalan lancar dan sukses. Program pelatihan ini mampu memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam membuat produk Bandeng Tanpa Duri dan dapat memberikan peluang bisnis dan pendapatan baru bagi WBP lapas Takalar. Adapun saran yang dapat diajukan dari hasil program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, bagi mitra Lapas Takalar untuk melanjutkan kegiatan ini yakni pengolahan berbagai produk olahan lainnya berbahan baku Bandeng Tanpa Duri.
HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL: PREVALÊNCIA, TRATAMENTO E CONTROLE DA DOENÇA
Authors: Oliveira Gislaine Gaspari de , Landim Maria Teresa de Oliveira Paes , Silva Jéssica Caroly Barros da , Vargas Bárbara Citelis Silva , Castro Jamille Lessa , Santos Filho João Antônio dos , Lopes Luiza Amorim Fernandes , Rocha Luís Felipe , Perez Gabriel Barreto , Nascimento Amanda Florentino do , Lacerda Ingrid Peixoto , Vasconcelos Maria Livya Moraes , Silveira Viviane Almeida da , Bastos Isabella Rodrigues dos Santos , Vieira Raíra Zucoloto , Rocha Márllon Cardozo Vieira , Lopes Cristiano Torres , Moura Dávinna Nyara Lima , Bimbatti Maria Alice Silva , Linhares Eduarda Ozório Nunes Nogueira 
Published: August 2024

A hipertensão arterial é uma condição crônica prevalente globalmente e um fator de risco significativo para doenças cardiovasculares. Este artigo de revisão narrativa explora a prevalência, os métodos de tratamento e as estratégias de controle da hipertensão arterial. Foram revisados estudos publicados entre 2010 e 2024 em bases de dados como PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO e LILACS. Os critérios de inclusão consideraram a relevância dos artigos e a qualidade metodológica. A análise aponta paraa necessidade de intervenções eficazes em saúde pública e abordagens terapêuticas personalizadas. Conclui-se que estratégias multidisciplinares e políticas de saúde são essenciais para o controle da hipertensão, melhorando a qualidade de vida e reduzindo a morbidade e mortalidade associadas à doença.
Exploring Intricacies of School-community Collaboration in Managing School Discipline: A Case of Selected Secondary Schools in Chingola District, Zambia
Authors: Ngulube Mwitwa , Kalumbi Mwansa Mukalula , Siakalima Daniel 
Published: August 2024

In Zambian schools, the levels of indiscipline among pupils has been on the increase and this should not be the case. The study explored collaboration between the school and the community in promoting school discipline among pupils in selected secondary schools in Chingola. The concurrent mixed-method approach was employed. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire. This study had 197 participants from four schools and the surrounding communities. The sample included 113 pupils, 48 teachers, 6 administrators, and 30 parents. The qualitative data was analysed thematically, while the quantitative data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software, version 21. This study established that close collaboration between the community and schools promote information sharing between teachers and parents in the community and aids in discipline management among erring pupils. It was noted that collaboration between teachers and parents creates an enabling environment for monitoring the behaviour of their children to curb the high prevalence of pupil indiscipline which ranged from vandalism, theft, mobile phone usage, alcohol and drug abuse. The study further found that disciplinary referral, summoning of parents, guidance and counselling, rewarding and punishment mechanisms, and involvement of parents are among the strategies to discipline the learners and enhance social cohesion. Based on the findings, the study recommended that schools should endeavor to strengthen collaboration with the community in curbing indiscipline among learners.
Multidecadal variability of the continental precipitation annual amplitude driven by AMO and ENSO
Authors: García‐García David , Ummenhofer Caroline C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAs the water vapor content in the atmosphere scales with temperature, a warmer world is expected to feature an intensification of the hydrological cycle. Work to date has mainly focused on mean precipitation changes, whose connection to climatic modes is elusive at a global scale. Here we show that continental precipitation annual amplitude, which represents the annual range between minimum and maximum (monthly) rainfall, covaries with a linear combination of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and low‐frequency variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation on a decadal to multidecadal scale with a correlation coefficient of 0.92 (P < 0.01). The teleconnection is a result of changes in moisture transport in key regions. Reported trends in the annual amplitude of global precipitation in recent decades need to be assessed in light of this substantial low‐frequency variability, which could mask or enhance an anthropogenic signal in hydrological cycle changes.
Thickness of the crust of Mercury from geoid‐to‐topography ratios
Authors: Padovan Sebastiano , Wieczorek Mark A. , Margot Jean‐Luc , Tosi Nicola , Solomon Sean C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTo gain insight into the thickness of the crust of Mercury, we use gravity and topography data acquired by the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft to calculate geoid‐to‐topography ratios over the northern hemisphere of the planet. For an Airy model for isostatic compensation of variations in topography, we infer an average crustal thickness of 35 ± 18 km. Combined with the value of the radius of the core of Mercury, this crustal thickness implies that Mercury had the highest efficiency of crustal production among the terrestrial planets. From the measured abundance of heat‐producing elements on the surface, we calculate that the heat production in the mantle from long‐lived radioactive elements at 4.45 Ga was greater than 5.4 ×10−12W/kg. By analogy with the Moon, the relatively thin crust of Mercury allows for the possibility that major impact events, such as the one that formed the Caloris basin, excavated material from Mercury's mantle.
Labile pyrogenic dissolved organic carbon in major Siberian Arctic rivers: Implications for wildfire‐stream metabolic linkages
Authors: Myers‐Pigg Allison N. , Louchouarn Patrick , Amon Rainer M. W. , Prokushkin Anatoly , Pierce Kayce , Rubtsov Alexey 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBiomass burning produces a spectrum of thermally altered materials that releases pyrogenic carbon (PyC) to terrestrial, atmospheric, and aquatic systems. Most studies focus on the refractory end of the PyC spectrum, derived from middle‐ to high‐temperature combustion. Low‐temperature PyC is produced during wildfires and has been found to be particularly labile and water soluble. Here we find that in each of the major Siberian watersheds, low‐temperature fire‐derived biomarkers are present in detectable concentrations during all flow regimes of the 2004–2006 sampling period, confirming that PyC is an intrinsic component of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool mobilized by hydrologic events. Gymnosperm combustion, from the southern portions of these watersheds, is the primary source of this Py‐DOC input. Using first‐order degradation rates and transit times of water through these rivers, about half of the total estimated flux of this material may be remineralized during transport from fire source to river mouth (20–40 days), demonstrating the input of a labile source of PyC to these watersheds.
Topside ionospheric irregularities as seen from multisatellite observations
Authors: Zakharenkova Irina , Astafyeva Elvira 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe use in situ data from CHAMP and DMSP satellites, along with data of GPS receiver onboard CHAMP satellite and ground‐based GPS receivers to study the occurrence and global distribution of ionospheric irregularities during the main phase of the geomagnetic storm of 29–31 August 2004 (minimum Dst excursion of −128 nT). Using the CHAMP GPS measurements, we created maps of GPS phase fluctuation activity and found two specific zones of the most intense irregularities: (1) the region of the auroral oval at high latitudes of both hemispheres and (2) the low latitudes/equatorial region between Africa and South America. At high latitudes, the topside ionospheric irregularities appeared to be more intensive in the southern hemisphere, which is, most likely, due to seasonal variations in the interhemispheric field‐aligned currents system. An analysis of multi‐instrumental observations reveals reinforcement of the equatorial ionization anomaly after sunset in Atlantic sector on 30 August and formation of the significant plasma depletions and irregularities over a large longitudinal range. Equatorial irregularities were also found in the morning sector at the recovery phase of the storm. In addition to low Earth orbit (LEO) GPS measurements, we analyze the LEO in situ measurements, and we show that these two techniques cannot be interchangeable in all cases because of the altitudinal extent of plasma irregularities. Overall, we demonstrate that the LEO GPS technique can serve a useful tool for detection of the topside ionospheric irregularities during space weather events and may essentially contribute to other methods based on various instruments.
Acceleration of O+ from the cusp to the plasma sheet
Authors: Liao J. , Kistler L. M. , Mouikis C. G. , Klecker B. , Dandouras I. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHeavy ions from the ionosphere that are accelerated in the cusp/cleft have been identified as a direct source for the hot plasma in the plasma sheet. However, the details of the acceleration and transport that transforms the originally cold ions into the hot plasma sheet population are not fully understood. The polar orbit of the Cluster satellites covers the main transport path of the O+ from the cusp to the plasma sheet, so Cluster is ideal for tracking its velocity changes. However, because the cusp outflow is dispersed according to its velocity as it is transported to the tail, due to the velocity filter effect, the observed changes in beam velocity over the Cluster orbit may simply be the result of the spacecraft accessing different spatial regions and not necessarily evidence of acceleration. Using the Cluster Ion Spectrometry/Composition Distribution Function instrument onboard Cluster, we compare the distribution function of streaming O+ in the tail lobes with the initial distribution function observed over the cusp and reveal that the observations of energetic streaming O+ in the lobes around −20 RE are predominantly due to the velocity filter effect during nonstorm times. During storm times, the cusp distribution is further accelerated. In the plasma sheet boundary layer, however, the average O+ distribution function is above the upper range of the outflow distributions at the same velocity during both storm and nonstorm times, indicating that acceleration has taken place. Some of the velocity increase is in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field, indicating that the E × B velocity is enhanced. However, there is also an increase in the parallel direction, which could be due to nonadiabatic acceleration at the boundary or wave heating.
The effect of direct electron‐positron pair production on relativistic feedback rates
Authors: Vodopiyanov I. B. , Dwyer J. R. , Cramer E. S. , Lucia R. J. , Rassoul H. K. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRunaway electron avalanches developing in thunderclouds in high electric field become self‐sustaining due to relativistic feedback via the production of backward propagating positrons and backscattered X‐rays. To date, only positrons created from pair production by gamma rays interacting with the air have been considered. In contrast, direct electron‐positron pair production, also known as “trident process,” occurs from the interaction of energetic runaway electrons with atomic nuclei, and so it does not require the generation of a gamma ray mediator. The positrons produced in this process contribute to relativistic feedback and become especially important when the feedback factor value approaches unity. Then the steady state flux of runaway electrons increases significantly. In certain cases, when the strong electrostatic field forms in a narrow area, the direct positrons become one of processes dominating relativistic feedback. Calculations of the direct positron production contribution to relativistic feedback are presented for different electric field configurations.
Magnetic field power spectra and magnetic radial diffusion coefficients using CRRES magnetometer data
Authors: Ali Ashar F. , Elkington Scot R. , Tu Weichao , Ozeke Louis G. , Chan Anthony A. , Friedel Reiner H. W. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe used the fluxgate magnetometer data from Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) to estimate the power spectral density (PSD) of the compressional component of the geomagnetic field in the ∼1 mHz to ∼8 mHz range. We conclude that magnetic wave power is generally higher in the noon sector for quiet times with no significant difference between the dawn, dusk, and the midnight sectors. However, during high Kp activity, the noon sector is not necessarily dominant anymore. The magnetic PSDs have a very distinct dependence on Kp. In addition, the PSDs appear to have a weak dependence on McIlwain parameter L with power slightly increasing as L increases. The magnetic wave PSDs are used along with the Fei et al. (2006) formulation to compute as a function of L and Kp. The L dependence of is systematically studied and is shown to depend on Kp. More significantly, we conclude that is the dominant term driving radial diffusion, typically exceeding by 1–2 orders of magnitude.
On the solar activity variations of nocturnal F region vertical drifts covering two solar cycles in the Indian longitude sector
Authors: Madhav Haridas M. K. , Manju G. , Pant Tarun Kumar 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA comprehensive analysis of the seasonal and solar cycle variabilities of nighttime vertical drift over the Indian longitude sector is accomplished using ionosonde data located at the magnetic equatorial location, Trivandrum (8.5°N, 76.5°E). The analysis extends over a span of two decades (1988–2008). The representative seasonal variations based on the extensive data of nocturnal vertical drift during three different solar activity epochs is arrived at, for the first time. Seasonally, it is seen that maximum post sunset Vd is obtained in vernal equinox (VE), followed by autumnal equinox (AE), winter solstice (WS), and summer solstice (SS) for high and moderate solar epochs, while for low solar epoch, maximum Vd occurs in WS followed by VE, AE, and SS. Further, the role of sunset times at the magnetic conjugate points in modulating the time and magnitude of peak drifts during different solar epochs is ascertained. The equinoctial asymmetry in peak Vd during high and moderate solar epochs is another significant outcome of this study. The solar activity dependence of vertical drift for a wide range of solar fluxes has been quantified for all the seasons. In the present era of GPS‐based communication and navigation, these are important results that give a better handle in understanding essential factors that impact equatorial ionospheric phenomena.
The annual asymmetry in the F2 layer during deep solar minimum (2008–2009): December anomaly
Authors: Mikhailov A. V. , Perrone L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAnnual January/July midlatitude daytime asymmetry in monthly median NmF2 and model thermospheric parameters has been considered during deep solar minimum, (2008–2009), when solar and geomagnetic activities were at the lowest level, to analyze the background effect due to the Sun‐Earth minimum distance, perihelion, in the vicinity of the December solstice. Averaged over 10 midlatitude station pairs, the NmF2 asymmetry was found to be ≈1.23, while the average asymmetry for the annual component in NmF2 variations is ≈1.17. Annual asymmetry in monthly median neutral composition and temperature predicted by Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter 86 (MSIS86) and MSISE00 thermospheric models along with the 7% increase in solar EUV flux in the vicinity of the December solstice is sufficient to explain the observed annual asymmetry in NmF2. A hierarchy of aeronomic parameters responsible for the observed asymmetry in NmF2 has been established: the main contributor is atomic oxygen—about 50% of the total effect, [N2] contributes around 35% strongly compensating the [O] contribution, and solar EUV and Tn provide <10% each. The zonal mean annual asymmetry in MSIS86 atomic oxygen column density was shown to be 1.18 at low and middle latitudes, and this is close to the estimated asymmetry for the annual component in NmF2 variations. The earlier proposed mechanism of the December anomaly is considered as a plausible one to explain the 1.18 January/July asymmetry in the atomic oxygen variations and consequently the NmF2 annual daytime asymmetry at middle latitudes under the deep solar minimum.
Thermal perturbations beneath the incipient Okavango Rift Zone, northwest Botswana
Authors: Leseane Khumo , Atekwana Estella A. , Mickus Kevin L. , Abdelsalam Mohamed G. , Shemang Elisha M. , Atekwana Eliot A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe used aeromagnetic and gravity data to investigate the thermal structure beneath the incipient Okavango Rift Zone (ORZ) in northwestern Botswana in order to understand its role in strain localization during rift initiation. We used three‐dimensional (3‐D) inversion of aeromagnetic data to estimate the Curie Point Depth (CPD) and heat flow under the rift and surrounding basement. We also used two‐dimensional (2‐D) power‐density spectrum analysis of gravity data to estimate the Moho depth. Our results reveal shallow CPD values (8–15 km) and high heat flow (60–90 mW m−2) beneath a ~60 km wide NE‐trending zone coincident with major rift‐related border faults and the boundary between Proterozoic orogenic belts. This is accompanied by thin crust (<30 km) in the northeastern and southwestern parts of the ORZ. Within the Precambrian basement areas, the CPD values are deeper (16–30 km) and the heat flow estimates are lower (30–50 mW m−2), corresponding to thicker crust (~40–50 km). We interpret the thermal structure under the ORZ as due to upward migration of hot mantle fluids through the lithospheric column that utilized the presence of Precambrian lithospheric shear zones as conduits. These fluids weaken the crust, enhancing rift nucleation. Our interpretation is supported by 2‐D forward modeling of gravity data suggesting the presence of a wedge of altered lithospheric mantle centered beneath the ORZ. If our interpretation is correct, it may result in a potential paradigm shift in which strain localization at continental rift initiation could be achieved through fluid‐assisted lithospheric weakening without asthenospheric involvement.