bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pinkster: An Atlantic Creole Festival in a Dutch-American Context
Authors: Dewulf Jeroen 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This article argues that Pinkster should be understood as an Atlantic Creole festival in a Dutch-American context, rather than a Dutch-African festival in an American context. It claims that the syncretic character of Pinkster did not originate in North America and that, before arriving on the American East Coast, the essence of what came to be known as Pinkster already existed as a culturally hybrid Luso-African celebration.
Estimated Frequency of Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients With Pregnancy Morbidity, Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, and Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Critical Review of the Literature
Authors: Andreoli Laura , Chighizola Cecilia B. , Banzato Alessandra , Pons‐Estel Guillermo J. , de Jesus Guilherme Ramire , Erkan Doruk ,   on behalf of APS ACTION
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveAntiphospholipid Syndrome Alliance For Clinical Trials and International Networking (APS ACTION) is an international research network devoted to conducting well‐designed clinical trials in persistently antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)–positive patients. One of the first needs of APS ACTION was to know the true aPL frequency in patients with pregnancy morbidity (PM), stroke (ST), myocardial infarction (MI), and deep venous thrombosis (DVT).MethodsThe search for “aPL” and multiple keywords regarding the outcomes of interest was completed in PubMed. The median frequency for positive aPL tests (lupus anticoagulant, antibody against cardiolipin [aCL], and antibody against β2‐glycoprotein I [anti‐β2GPI]) was calculated for each outcome and was used to estimate the overall aPL frequency.ResultsBased on the analysis of 120 full‐text papers, the overall aPL frequency was estimated as 6% for PM, 13.5% for ST, 11% for MI, and 9.5% for DVT. Limitations of the literature were that 60% of the papers were published before 2000, all 3 criteria aPL tests were performed in only 11% of the papers, 36% of papers used a low‐titer aCL cutoff, anti‐β2GPI cutoff was quite heterogeneous, aPL confirmation was performed in only one‐fifth of papers, and the study design was retrospective in nearly half of the papers.ConclusionIt is difficult to determine the frequency of a “clinically significant aPL profile” in patients with aPL‐related clinical outcomes due to the lack of robust data. Our best estimates of the incidence of aPL‐associated events should be confirmed with appropriately designed population studies.
Clinical and Health Care Use Characteristics of Patients Newly Starting Allopurinol, Febuxostat, and Colchicine for the Treatment of Gout
Authors: Kim Seoyoung C. , Schmidt Bernhard M. W. , Franklin Jessica M. , Liu Jun , Solomon Daniel H. , Schneeweiss Sebastian 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveGout is a common form of inflammatory arthritis with an increasing prevalence in developed countries. It is well known that many patients with gout have significant comorbidities and high health care utilization. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and health care utilization patterns in patients with gout who were newly prescribed allopurinol, febuxostat, or colchicine.MethodsWe used US insurance claims data (2009–2011) to conduct a population‐based cohort study.ResultsThere were 25,051 allopurinol, 4,288 febuxostat, and 6,238 colchicine initiators. The mean age was 53 years and 83–87% were men. More than one‐half of the patients had hypertension and hyperlipidemia, 20% had diabetes mellitus, and 10% had cardiovascular disease. The mean uric acid level was similar across the groups at baseline, ranging from 8.1–8.5 mg/dl. Compared with allopurinol or colchicine initiators, febuxostat initiators had more comorbidities and greater health care utilization, including outpatient, inpatient, or emergency room visits, both at baseline and during followup. Use of gout‐related drugs such as opioids, steroids, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs was most common in febuxostat initiators and least common in colchicine initiators. The median daily doses at both the start and end of treatment were 300 mg for allopurinol, 40 mg for febuxostat, and 1.2 mg for colchicine. The doses of allopurinol and febuxostat were rarely increased during followup.ConclusionPatients who started allopurinol, febuxostat, or colchicine for gout generally had hyperuricemia and multiple comorbidities. Febuxostat initiators had more comorbidities and greater use of health care resources and gout‐related drugs than the other groups. Overall, the doses of allopurinol or febuxostat remained unchanged over time.
Quasi‐2D Colloidal Semiconductor Nanoplatelets for Narrow Electroluminescence
Authors: Chen Zhuoying , Nadal Brice , Mahler Benoit , Aubin Hervé , Dubertret Benoit 
Published: July 2013

The first functional light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) based on quasi 2D colloidal core/shell CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets (NPLs). The solution‐processed hybrid devices are optimized with respect to their electroluminescent characteristics, first, by improving charge injection through exchanging the as‐synthesized NPL long‐chain ligands to shorter ones such as 3‐mercaptopropionic acid, and second, by comparing different hole‐transporting layers. NPL‐LEDs exhibit a maximum luminance of 4499 cd m‐2 and external quantum efficiencies of 0.63%. In particular, over different applied voltages, systematically narrow electroluminescence of full width at half maximum (FWHM) in the range of 25–30 nm is observed to be independent from the choice of device configuration and NPL ligands. As spectrally narrow electroluminescence is highly attractive in terms of color purity in the context of LED applications, these results emphasize the unique potential of this new class of colloidal core/shell nanoplatelet in achieving bright and functional LEDs of superior color purity.
Stock Market Reactions to Contagious Animal Disease Outbreaks: An Event Study in Korean Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease Outbreaks
Authors: Pendell Dustin L. , Cho Chulgu 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis study examines the market reactions by investors of Korean agribusiness companies following five foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks using an event study analysis. The results suggest that the FMD outbreaks caused the stock market to react in both a negative and positive manner to allied companies. The results also suggest that the market reactions were more gradual than instantaneous to the FMD outbreaks. Furthermore, the FMD outbreaks appear to have increased the volatility of the daily returns with the smaller companies facing the largest changes in volatility.
Synergistic effects of tetrabutyl titanate on intumescent flame‐retarded polypropylene
Authors: Zheng Anna , Xia Yin , Li Na , Mao Zongwen , Guan Yong 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe synergistic mechanism of tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) in the intumescent flame‐retardant polypropylene (PP) composites was investigated in this work. The intumescent flame‐retardant was composed of pentaerythritol (PER) as a carbonizing agent ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as a dehydrating agent and blowing agent. Five different concentrations (1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2 wt %) of TBT were incorporated into flame retardant formulation to investigate the synergistic mechanism. The thermal degradation and flammability of composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), and UL‐94 tests. The morphology and chemical structure of char layer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results showed that LOI was increased from 27.8 to 32.5%, with the increase of TBT content from 0 to 1.5 wt %. Results from SEM, and FTIR demonstrated that TBT could react with APP and PER to form the stable char layer. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4255–4263, 2013
Biochemical and molecular mechanisms for the association between obesity, chronic Inflammation, and breast cancer
Authors: Rose David P. , Vona‐Davis Linda 
Published: July 2013

AbstractUpper body obesity is a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer and is related to an aggressive tumor phenotype and a poor prognosis regardless of menopausal status. After the menopause, the major mechanism for the association with disease risk is elevated estrogen production by adipose tissue, due to a high level of aromatase activity: these hormone‐dependent tumors express both estrogen and progesterone receptors. Other important biological factors of risk include leptin and adiponectin, adipokines with opposing endocrine and paracrine activities, and obesity‐related hyperinsulinemia. Chronic inflammation of the breast adipose tissue, which occurs in some obese women and is indicated by the accumulation of macrophages around dead adipocytes (“crown‐like structures”), rather than adiposity per se, may prove to be the pathological lesion responsible for both local aromatase induction, and enhanced invasiveness and metastatic capacity through biological mechanisms that involve leptin, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and insulin. A causal association between obesity in premenopausal women and breast cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition, perhaps with the participation of the Wnt signaling pathway, and aggressive hormone‐independent breast cancer is suggested by a number of experimental and clinical studies. © 2013 BioFactors, 40(1):1–12, 2014
Quality by design approach for viral clearance by protein a chromatography
Authors: Zhang Min , Miesegaes George R. , Lee Michael , Coleman Daniel , Yang Bin , Trexler‐Schmidt Melody , Norling Lenore , Lester Philip , Brorson Kurt A. , Chen Qi 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTProtein A chromatography is widely used as a capture step in monoclonal antibody (mAb) purification processes. Antibodies and Fc fusion proteins can be efficiently purified from the majority of other complex components in harvested cell culture fluid (HCCF). Protein A chromatography is also capable of removing modest levels of viruses and is often validated for viral clearance. Historical data mining of Genentech and FDA/CDER databases systematically evaluated the removal of model viruses by Protein A chromatography. First, we found that for each model virus, removal by Protein A chromatography varies significantly across mAbs, while remains consistent within a specific mAb product, even across the acceptable ranges of the process parameters. In addition, our analysis revealed a correlation between retrovirus and parvovirus removal, with retrovirus data generally possessing a greater clearance factor. Finally, we describe a multivariate approach used to evaluate process parameter impacts on viral clearance, based on the levels of retrovirus‐like particles (RVLP) present among process characterization study samples. It was shown that RVLP removal by Protein A is robust, that is, parameter effects were not observed across the ranges tested. Robustness of RVLP removal by Protein A also correlates with that for other model viruses such as X‐MuLV, MMV, and SV40. The data supports that evaluating RVLP removal using process characterization study samples can establish multivariate acceptable ranges for virus removal by the protein A step for QbD. By measuring RVLP instead of a model retrovirus, it may alleviate some of the technical and economic challenges associated with performing large, design‐of‐experiment (DoE)—type virus spiking studies. This approach could also serve to provide useful insight when designing strategies to ensure viral safety in the manufacturing of a biopharmaceutical product. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 95–103. © 2013 The Authors.Biotechnology and BioengineeringPublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Non‐stationary 13C‐metabolic flux ratio analysis
Authors: Hörl Manuel , Schnidder Julian , Sauer Uwe , Zamboni Nicola 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT13C‐metabolic flux analysis (13C‐MFA) has become a key method for metabolic engineering and systems biology. In the most common methodology, fluxes are calculated by global isotopomer balancing and iterative fitting to stationary 13C‐labeling data. This approach requires a closed carbon balance, long‐lasting metabolic steady state, and the detection of 13C‐patterns in a large number of metabolites. These restrictions mostly reduced the application of 13C‐MFA to the central carbon metabolism of well‐studied model organisms grown in minimal media with a single carbon source. Here we introduce non‐stationary 13C‐metabolic flux ratio analysis as a novel method for 13C‐MFA to allow estimating local, relative fluxes from ultra‐short 13C‐labeling experiments and without the need for global isotopomer balancing. The approach relies on the acquisition of non‐stationary 13C‐labeling data exclusively for metabolites in the proximity of a node of converging fluxes and a local parameter estimation with a system of ordinary differential equations. We developed a generalized workflow that takes into account reaction types and the availability of mass spectrometric data on molecular ions or fragments for data processing, modeling, parameter and error estimation. We demonstrated the approach by analyzing three key nodes of converging fluxes in central metabolism of Bacillus subtilis. We obtained flux estimates that are in agreement with published results obtained from steady state experiments, but reduced the duration of the necessary 13C‐labeling experiment to less than a minute. These results show that our strategy enables to formally estimate relative pathway fluxes on extremely short time scale, neglecting cellular carbon balancing. Hence this approach paves the road to targeted 13C‐MFA in dynamic systems with multiple carbon sources and towards rich media. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 3164–3176. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of chidamide in rat plasma by LC‐MS and its application to pharmacokinetics study
Authors: Wang Xianqin , Chen Mengchun , Wen Congcong , Zhang Qingwei , Ma Jianshe 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTA sensitive and selective liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for determination of chidamide in rat plasma was developed. After addition of linezolid as internal standard, protein precipitation by acetonitrile–methanol (9:1, v/v) was used as sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Zorbax SB‐C18 (2.1 × 150 mm, 5 µm) column with acetonitrile–0.1% formic acid as mobile phase with gradient elution. An electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; selective ion monitoring mode was used for quantification using target fragment ions m/z 391.5 for chidamide and m/z 338.5 for the IS. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 10–2000 ng/mL for chidamide in rat plasma. The lower limit of quantification for chidamide was 10 ng/mL. The mean recovery of chidamide in plasma was in the range of 86.6–92.1%. The coefficients of variation of intra‐day and inter‐day precision were both <12%. This method is simple and sensitive and was applied successfully in a pharmacokinetic study of chidamide to rats. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tuning Excited State Isomerization Dynamics through Ground State Structural Changes in Analogous Ruthenium and Osmium Sulfoxide Complexes
Authors: Garg Komal , Engle James T. , Ziegler Christopher J. , Rack Jeffrey J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe complexes [Ru(bpy)2(pyESO)](PF6)2 and [Os(bpy)2(pyESO)](PF6)2, in which bpy is 2,2′‐bipyridine and pyESO is 2‐((isopropylsulfinyl)ethyl)pyridine, were prepared and studied by 1H NMR, UV–visible and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, as well as by electrochemical methods. Crystals suitable for X‐ray structural analysis were grown for [Ru(bpy)2(pyESO)](PF6)2. Cyclic voltammograms of both complexes provide evidence for S→O and O→S isomerization as these voltammograms are described by an ECEC (electrochemical‐chemical electrochemical‐chemical) mechanism in which isomerization follows Ru2+ oxidation and Ru3+ reduction. The S‐ and O‐bonded Ru3+/2+ couples appear at 1.30 and 0.76 V versus Ag/AgCl in propylene carbonate. For [Os(bpy)2(pyESO)](PF6)2, these couples appear at 0.97 and 0.32 V versus Ag/AgCl in acetonitrile, respectively. Charge‐transfer excitation of [Ru(bpy)2(pyESO)](PF6)2 results in a significant change in the absorption spectrum. The S‐bonded isomer of [Ru(bpy)2(pyESO)]2+ features a lowest energy absorption maximum at 390 nm and the O‐bonded isomer absorbs at 480 nm. The quantum yield of isomerization in [Ru(bpy)2(pyESO)]2+ was found to be 0.58 in propylene carbonate and 0.86 in dichloroethane solution. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic measurements were collected for both complexes, revealing time constants of isomerizations of 81 ps (propylene carbonate) and 47 ps (dichloroethane) in [Ru(bpy)2(pyESO)]2+. These data and a model for the isomerizing complex are presented. A striking conclusion from this analysis is that expansion of the chelate ring by a single methylene leads to an increase in the isomerization time constant by nearly two orders of magnitude.
Study of the Enantioselective Interaction of Diclofop and Human Serum Albumin by Spectroscopic and Molecular Modeling Approaches In Vitro
Authors: Zhang Ping , Li Zhe , Wang Xinru , Shen Zhigang , Wang Yao , Yan Jin , Zhou Zhiqiang , Zhu Wentao 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn this contribution, the enantioselective interactions between diclofop (DC) and human serum albumin (HSA) were explored by steady‐state and 3D fluorescence, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐vis), and molecular modeling. The binding constants between R‐DC and HSA were 0.9213 × 105, 0.9118 × 105, and 0.9009 × 105 L · mol‐1 at 293, 303, 313 K, respectively. Moreover, the binding constants of S‐DC for HSA were 1.4766 × 105, 1.2899 × 105, and 1.0882 × 105 L · mol‐1 at 293, 303, and 313 K individually. Such consequences markedly implied the binding between DC enantiomers and HSA were enantioselective with higher affinity for S‐DC. Steady‐state fluorescence study evidenced the formation of DC‐HSA complex and there was a single class of binding site on HSA. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔS, ΔG) of the reaction clearly indicated that hydrophobic effects and H‐bonds contribute to the formation of DC‐HSA complex, which was in excellent agreement with molecular simulations. In addition, both site‐competitive replacement and molecular modeling suggested that DC enantiomers were located within the binding pocket of Sudlow's site II. Furthermore, the alterations of HSA secondary structure in the presence of DC enantiomers were verified by UV‐vis absorption and 3D fluorescence spectroscopy. This study can provide important insight into the enantioselective interaction of physiological protein HSA with chiral aryloxyphenoxy propionate herbicides and gives support to the use of HSA for chiral pesticides ecotoxicology and environmental risk assessment. Chirality 25:719–725, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term prognosis and risk factors among patients with HPV‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Brian M. , Wang Hao , D'Souza Gypsyamber , Zhang Zhe , Fakhry Carole , Joseph Andrew W. , Drake Virginia E. , Sanguineti Giuseppe , Westra William H. , Pai Sara I. 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUNDA subset of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV‐OSCC) experience poor clinical outcomes. The authors of this report explored prognostic risk factors for overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS).METHODSPatients with incident HPV‐OSCC who received treatment at the Johns Hopkins Hospital between 1997 and 2008 and who had tissue available for HPV testing as well as demographic and clinicopathologic information (N = 176) were included. Tissue was tested for HPV by in situ hybridization (ISH) and/or p16 immunohistochemistry. Demographic and clinicopathologic information was extracted from medical records.RESULTSIn total, 157 of 176 patients (90%) with OSCC had HPV‐associated disease (HPV‐OSCC). In the patients with HPV‐OSCC, the 3‐year and 5‐year OS rates were 93% (95% confidence interval [CI], 88%‐98%) and 89% (95% CI, 81%‐97%), respectively. Shorter survival was observed among older patients (hazard ratio [HR], 2.33 per 10‐year increase; 95% CI, 1.05‐5.16 per 10‐year increase; P = .038), patients with advanced clinical T classification (HR, 5.78; 95% CI, 1.60‐20.8; P = .007), and patients who were currently using tobacco (HR, 4.38; 95% CI, 1.07‐18.0; P = .04). Disease recurrence was associated with advanced clinical T‐classification (HR, 8.32; 95% CI, 3.06‐23; P < .0001), current/former alcohol use (HR, 13; 95% CI, 1.33‐120; P = .03), and unmarried status (HR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.20‐9.00; P = .02). Patients who remained recurrence free for 5 years had an 8.6% chance of recurrence by 10 years (1‐sided 95% CI upper bound, 19%; P = .088).CONCLUSIONSIn this study, prognostic risk factors were identified for patients with HPV‐OSCC. The observed recurrence rates between 5 years and 10 years after definitive therapy need to be validated in additional studies to determine whether extended cancer surveillance is warranted in this cancer population. Cancer 2013;119:3462–3471.. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Impact of hemochromatosis gene mutations on cardiac status in doxorubicin‐treated survivors of childhood high‐risk leukemia
Authors: Lipshultz Steven E. , Lipsitz Stuart R. , Kutok Jeffery L. , Miller Tracie L. , Colan Steven D. , Neuberg Donna S. , Stevenson Kristen E. , Fleming Mark D. , Sallan Stephen E. , Franco Vivian I. , Henkel Jacqueline M. , Asselin Barbara L. , Athale Uma H. , Clavell Luis A. , Michon Bruno , Laverdiere Caroline , Larsen Eric , Kelly Kara M. , Silverman Lewis B. 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUNDDoxorubicin is associated with progressive cardiac dysfunction, possibly through the formation of doxorubicin‐iron complexes leading to free‐radical injury. The authors determined the frequency of hemochromatosis (HFE) gene mutations associated with hereditary hemochromatosis and their relationship with doxorubicin‐associated cardiotoxicity in survivors of childhood high‐risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia.METHODSPeripheral blood was tested for 2 common HFE allelic variants: C282Y and H63D. Serum cardiac troponin‐T (cTnT) and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), which are biomarkers of cardiac injury and cardiomyopathy, respectively, were assayed during therapy. Left ventricular (LV) structure and function were assessed with echocardiography.RESULTSA total of 184 patients had DNA results for at least 1 variant, and 167 had DNA results for both: 24% carried H63D and 10% carried C282Y. Heterozygous C282Y genotype was associated with multiple elevations in cTnT concentrations (P = .039), but not NT‐proBNP. At a median of 2.2 years (range, 1.0 years–3.6 years) after diagnosis, the mean Z‐scores for LV fractional shortening (−0.71 [standard error (SE), 0.25]; P = .008), mass (−0.84 [SE, 0.17]; P < .001), and end‐systolic (−4.36 [SE, 0.26], P < .001) and end‐diastolic (−0.68 [SE, 0.25]; P = .01) posterior wall thickness were found to be abnormal in children with either allele (n = 32). Noncarriers (n = 63) also were found to have below‐normal LV mass (−0.45 [SE, 0.15]; P = .006) and end‐systolic posterior wall thickness (−4.06 [SE, 0.17]; P < .001). Later follow‐up demonstrated similar results.CONCLUSIONSDoxorubicin‐associated myocardial injury was associated with C282Y HFE carriers. Although LV mass and wall thickness were found to be abnormally low overall, they were even lower in HFE carriers, who also had reduced LV function. Screening newly diagnosed cancer patients for HFE mutations may identify those at risk for doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity. Cancer 2013;119:3555–3562.. © 2013 American Cancer Society.