bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interoperability of implicit and explicit firm‐level knowledge accumulation
Authors: Lai Wen‐Hsiang 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe essence of core competitiveness in an enterprise is the ability to embed knowledge into the routine work of the enterprise and to transform personal knowledge into corporate assets. The purpose of this paper is to explore this area.Design/methodology/approachThis study reviews three interoperated variables of external knowledge acquisition, enterprise knowledge accumulation, and knowledge accumulation mechanism to construct a model of knowledge interoperability within firms.FindingsThis study finds that in the thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT‐LCD) industry, implicit knowledge collected through the interactive coordination mechanism has a significant impact on the knowledge accumulation of the enterprise, where knowledge is accumulated in real technology systems and employees’ skills. The more willing companies are to invest resources in the shaping of knowledge and the environment, the more successful they will be in transforming implicit knowledge into explicit knowledge.Research limitations/implicationsThis study points to a new direction of interchanging implicit and explicit knowledge within firms.Practical implicationsThis study argues that an improved interoperability of firm‐level knowledge can mitigate problems of knowledge integration and sharing, leading to better decisions and greater partner synergies.Social implicationsKnowledge transformation allows employees to share and transfer valuable experience and knowledge within the enterprise and forms a knowledge‐intensive corporate culture or work environment, creating so‐called learning‐ and innovation‐oriented enterprises.Originality/value of paperThis study provides the impetus of valuable experience and knowledge of employees to be fully shared and passed on, resulting in a corporate culture and working atmosphere that creates the so‐called learning‐oriented enterprise or innovative enterprise.
Capitalism 2.0: implications for management 2.0
Authors: Page West G. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce a collection of articles representing the best papers and invited contributions from attendees at the 4th Annual Global Drucker Forum, an international conference focused on future challenges facing management.Design/methodology/approachThe recent financial crisis has presented twin challenges confronting the next generation of management: a transformation toward a new environment in which market‐driven efficiency and the concern for a functioning society are better aligned, and the nature of management practice that successfully addresses this alignment. Dimensions of these challenges are discussed in five articles in this special issue. This summary of the articles and underlying themes is provided by a professor whose teaching and research focus on strategy and entrepreneurship in free markets.FindingsThe articles in this issue discuss the need in organizations for adaptive flexibility, new ways of thinking, leadership behaviour at the individual and system level, and systems thinking to overcome short termism. Themes underlying these challenges include the challenges of managing in the present for the future, the need to create a learning organization, and the complexity of managing holistically.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper suggests themes that might benefit from future management research.Originality/valueThis paper summarizes cutting‐edge issues for management that were discussed at a recent international conference, and synthesizes six authors' research contributions that address dimensions of these issues.
Effective leadership of knowledge workers: results of an intercultural business study
Authors: Bildstein Ingo , Gueldenberg Stefan , Tjitra Hora 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to link Peter F. Drucker's seminal theoretical conceptions with empirical insights on what constitutes perception of effective knowledge worker leadership in an intercultural environment. Both a fundamental shift of mind in theorizing and much more empirical research is needed, to fully understand the underlying view of leadership as a socially distributed activity. However, in a true Druckerian spirit, to take this new lens on leadership is neither magic nor rocket science – but it constitutes a road visible but not yet seen.Design/methodology/approachThe authors link key recommendations on expert leadership from the timeless 1999 Drucker paper on knowledge worker productivity to the results of qualitative in‐depth interviews with over 100 top‐level leaders and their direct reports in China, Indonesia, and Singapore. Because leadership is all about influencing other people, the authors are especially interested on what constitutes good leadership from the followers' point of view.FindingsOne of the key findings is that perceived leadership effectiveness heavily depends upon fit to followers' expectations. As a result, a leadership style, which is effective in one country can wreak havoc when unreflectively transferred into another cultural environment. Hence being able to step back and to reflect on the appropriateness of one's leadership behavior is the key element of a globally successful leader.Practical implicationsToo many experts are currently sent to foreign assignments without proper preparation for good adaptation of their leadership behavior. A new leadership conception informed by psychological consideration provides expert leaders with recommended action on how to best deal with the group dynamics resulting from dealing with the twenty‐first century's most valuable asset entrusted to their care. This mind‐shift will overcome leadership barriers to international business, and optimize knowledge work results.Originality/valueThis contribution is one of the first studies about perceived knowledge worker leadership effectiveness in Asia. Integration of the paper's findings with recent Western leadership conceptualizations focusing on sharing and distributing leadership responsibilities will help build a richer understanding.
Parma Co‐Lab: organizational challenge for research and learning
Authors: Valla Sara 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the initial phases of the formation of the Co‐Lab as a community at the University of Parma, which aims to foster informal ways of collaboration among students, professors, researchers, with a view to increasing results in learning and knowledge sharing.Design/methodology/approachAn ethnographical approach is applied; a constant observation inside the context through contact with participants in their environment allows the documentation of different approaches in the activity field. The context involves the DILL international Master's in Digital Library Learning. The Co‐Lab agenda relies on constant problem solving and considering technology as the servant of needs for continuous learning.FindingsCollaboration is only possible by sharing a common domain and language, enthusiasm and commitment. This is one of the benefits of an informal community of practice; nevertheless Co‐Lab needs to be recognized as an informal, albeit valuable, community and supported by the institution.Research limitations/implicationsThe author combines a technical background with a social observation inside a context with which she interacts constantly.Practical implicationsThe Co‐Lab approach to practices might be the response to the needs of academic education and research in the current technological environment. It may require the acceptance by the institutional organization of the informal paradox and non‐hierarchical approach to achieve practical advantages.Originality/valueResearch carried out by an observer with technological background inside the context where students and professors interact can foster an increased awareness of diverse problems.
Reading and learning from screens versus print: a study in changing habits
Authors: Stoop Judith , Kreutzer Paulien , Kircz Joost 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to research the difference in reading and learning from print versus electronic media in a professional and educational setting. To what extent does the materiality of the medium influence the efficiency and effectively of the reader? What is needed to create “digital born” information rich texts? In Part 1, sustained reading of information and knowledge rich texts is addressed.Design/methodology/approachIn‐depth comparative tests with a great number of subjects between print‐on‐paper, e‐ink screens and LCD screens. In Part 1 the results of tests with sustained reading of information and knowledge rich texts are reported.FindingsAll tests show that print‐on‐paper is still a superior medium for learning and digesting complicated and elaborate texts, whilst electronic screens are appreciated for quick information gathering, communication and navigation. Electronic representations of information and knowledge demand that the structure of the writing has to change.Research limitations/implicationsGiven the rapid development in electronic displays, many issues – in particular ergonomical – become a “moving target”. An important limitation – which is one of the quests of this research – is the lack of sufficient genuine digital born texts.Practical implicationsThe need to start and review the writing process; the appearance but also the structure of information and knowledge rich texts. A second issue is the need to develop easy capabilities to make an electronic text as easy a “tool” as the print text, with underlining, comments and notes.Social implicationsThe development of novel ways of publishing educational texts.Originality/valueDeep qualitative research in comparison with quantitative tests. Comparison between professional information acquisition and learning.
Frankfurt Book Fair 2012: an educator's perspective
Authors: Hollich Shanna 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to give an overview and a few highlights from the author's experience at the 2012 Frankfurt Book Fair.Design/methodology/approachThe author visited the Frankfurt Book Fair from October 10 through October 12, visiting a wide variety of vendors across all exhibition halls and attending a number of special presentations. All empirical data are based on personal observations recorded by journal during and directly after each fair visit.FindingsThe fair was an excellent chance to learn more about the publishing industry, particularly with respect to the author's prior interests in education and children's and young adult literature. The event is so large, and the vendors so numerous, that all areas of interest to publishers, librarians, educators, booksellers, and others in the book trade are represented.Originality/valueThis report should be of particular interest to those thinking of attending the Frankfurt Book Fair for the first time, as well as those who are familiar with the event but were unable to attend in 2012. Educators and library media specialists will find this viewpoint to be written from a perspective that is especially relevant to them and their work.
Avoiding ebook “big deals”: alternatives to ebook backlists
Authors: Proctor Julia 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assert that libraries should actively seek and request alternatives to purchasing older ebook content rather than buying large ebook backlists. Currently publishers are offering the equivalent of the “big deal” with monographs through ebook backlists, and this is not a model that can or should be sustained by libraries.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses experience the author gained through evaluating major ebook backlist promotional offers from 2012 and 2013, reviews library literature concerning ebook use, and reviews current purchase methods such as patron‐driven acquisition and firm ordering as alternatives to purchasing large ebook backlist packages.FindingsThere does not appear to be agreement in library literature about use and preference for ebooks, but there does appear to be a consensus that users expect the availability of ebook content. However, that expectation is not reason enough to purchase older content in large quantities in a format that still has problematic limitations. Patron‐driven acquisition and targeted firm ordering allow libraries to buy older content in ebook format with more information about the need for that content. Also, publishers should become more involved in offering alternatives to ebook backlist purchase models.Originality/valueThis discussion sheds light on the fact that while the ebook format may be new, the content and the purchase models often are not. Libraries need to advocate for effective purchase models now rather than becoming dependent on publishers to provide content libraries already own.
Disliking the like
Authors: Nina Ñusta , Boers Raoul 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to raise awareness of the differences in European and American perspectives on privacy and to question whether most users of web services, such as Facebook, are equipped with the proper level of media literacy skills in order to manage the responsibility for their own privacy.Design/methodology/approachDiscussion of theoretical concepts on privacy, from the perspectives of both law and social sciences.FindingsPromoting government responsibility for the privacy of individual citizens seems problematic in an online context, as it threatens to open the door to censorship. One should wonder whether citizens need protection from what is perceived as infringement to the rights of privacy, while these citizens are actually consumers, using commercially provided services with policies that they have agreed to. The European Commission has been following closely what is happening to personal data online. Several forms of legislation have been brought into force aiming to enhance the protection of personal data of European citizens. This European protectionism often clashes with the privacy policies of, largely American, commercial organisations such as Facebook and Google.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research should be carried out on whether the general user is media literate enough to be able to mitigate their privacy online. Legislators are focussed on handing responsibilities to the users themselves, however users could benefit from a more paternalistic approach.Originality/valueThis paper combines perspectives on online privacy from the multi‐disciplinary perspectives of law and social sciences. These two viewpoints are not often combined in critical literature. This paper serves as a discussion piece for future research and media literacy programs in higher education.
A comparison of academic libraries: an analysis using a self‐organizing map
Authors: Ennis Damien , Medaille Ann , Lambert Theodore , Kelley Richard , Harris Frederick C. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the relationship among measures of resource and service usage and other features of academic libraries in the USA and Canada.Design/methodology/approachThrough the use of a self‐organizing map, academic library data were clustered and visualized. Analysis of the library data was conducted through the computation of a “library performance metric” that was applied to the resulting map.FindingsTwo areas of high‐performing academic libraries emerged on the map. One area included libraries with large numbers of resources, while another area included libraries that had low resources but gave greater numbers of presentations to groups, offered greater numbers of public service hours, and had greater numbers of staffed service points.Research limitations/implicationsThe metrics chosen as a measure of library performance offer only a partial picture of how libraries are being used. Future research might involve the use of a self‐organizing map to cluster library data within certain parameters and the identification of high‐performing libraries within these clusters.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that libraries can improve their performance not only by acquiring greater resources but also by putting greater emphasis on the services that they provide to their users.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates how a self‐organizing map can be used in the analysis of large data sets to facilitate library comparisons.
Regaining customer relevance: the outside‐in turnaround
Authors: Day George , Moorman Christine 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on the authors' in‐depth investigations of six successful turnarounds, which found that renewal was accomplished by a new management team that stepped outside the boundaries and constraints of the company and looked at its market through the eyes of customers and competitors.Design/methodology/approachThe authors describe how to perform an outside‐in turnaround that refocuses the company on the needs and expectations of the customer. This customer focus energizes and focuses the entire organization toward a shared sense of purpose.FindingsThe forces moving a company to an inside‐out view are persistent and powerful. They must be countered with a tough resolve to ensure a company meets its customers' test for relevance.Practical implicationsThe challenge of beginning a successful outside‐in turnaround is to find the right balance between realism and optimism.Originality/valueThe authors show how leading and sustaining an outside‐in turnaround means giving the organization a clear sense of purpose around the unifying theme of delivering superior customer value.
Pulp feeders alter plant interactions with subsequent animal associates
Authors: Fedriani José M. , Delibes Miguel 
Published: July 2013

Summary

Community context can alter the likelihood of interactions among community members and thus exert critical ecological effects with potential evolutionary implications. For instance, plant–animal mutualisms can be exploited by third species that usurp the resources and/or service that the mutualists offer, while delivering limited or no benefits in return.

We experimentally revealed for the first time how exploiters of plant–disperser mutualisms (i.e. pulp feeders) alter the frequency of plant interactions with subsequent mutualistic (seed dispersers) and antagonistic (seed predators) animal associates. In doing so, we chose to study the endozoochore Pyrus bourgaeana, which interacts with a diverse assemblage of frugivores including exploiters (pulp‐feeding rabbits), legitimate seed dispersers (mammalian carnivores) and seed and fruit predators (rodents and deer, respectively). We hypothesized that pulp feeders would render fruit barely rewarding, affecting subsequent tree–animal interactions.

As predicted, pulp removal lessened tree dispersal success (i.e. lowered interaction frequency with seed dispersers) causing an indirect negative effect on its fitness. Furthermore, pulp feeders facilitated foraging by seed‐eating rodents, leading to a negative indirect effect on seed survival. Nonetheless, these negative effects of pulp removal on tree fitness were partly counterbalanced by a noticeable decrease in fruit predation by deer. Because both seed dispersers and seed predators preferred large fruits, they exerted selection pressures on fruit size in opposite directions; thus, the net selection regime on fruit size experienced by the tree appeared largely contingent on community composition.

Synthesis. Our results illustrate how interactions among functionally distinct frugivores can act synergistically or antagonistically and thus alter their ecological outcomes in ways that differ from those predicted by pairwise interactions. Further research on the relationships between fruiting plants and their consumers will certainly further our understanding of how community context can modify ecological and evolutionary outcomes of complex multispecies interactions.
Predictors of antenatal alcohol use among Australian women: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Anderson AE , Hure AJ , Forder P , Powers JR , Kay‐Lambkin FJ , Loxton DJ 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveTo identify predictors of antenatal alcohol consumption among women who usually consume alcohol.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingAustralian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH).Population or SampleA total of 1969 women sampled from the ALSWH 1973–78 cohort.MethodsWomen were included if they were pregnant in 2000, 2003, 2006 or 2009. The relationship between antenatal alcohol consumption and sociodemographics, reproductive health, mental health, physical health, health behaviours, alcohol guidelines and healthcare factors was investigated using a multivariate logistic regression model.Main outcome measuresAlcohol use during pregnancy.ResultsMost (82.0%) women continued to drink alcohol during pregnancy. Women were more likely to drink alcohol during pregnancy if they had consumed alcohol on a weekly basis before pregnancy (odds ratio [OR] 1.47; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.13–1.90), binge drank before pregnancy (OR 2.28; 95% CI 1.76–2.94), or if they were pregnant while alcohol guidelines recommended low alcohol versus abstinence (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.26–2.03). Drinking during pregnancy was less likely if women had a Health Care Card (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.45–0.88) or if they had ever had fertility problems (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.48–0.86).ConclusionsMost Australian women who drank alcohol continued to do so during pregnancy. Prepregnancy alcohol consumption was one of the main predictors of antenatal alcohol use. Alcohol guidelines, fertility problems and Health Care Card status also impacted antenatal alcohol consumption.
Minimal benefit of respiratory‐gated radiation therapy in the management of thoracic malignancy
Authors: Hau Eric , Rains Melissa , Browne Lois , Muirhead Rebecca , Yeghiaian‐Alvandi Roland 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory‐gated radiotherapy (RGRT) is used in several centres around the world. However, there is continuing controversy regarding the benefit of this technique. The aims of this study are to quantify the dosimetric benefits and the potential predictive factors.MethodsThirty‐four consecutive patients were planned using the RGRT and the Free Breathing (FB) approach and compared with regard to target volume coverage and normal tissue parameters. Potential predictive factors were also evaluated.ResultsTumour coverage was similar 94.4% versus 95.5%. Use of RGRT was not associated with a significant reduction in spinal cord, oesophagus or cardiac dosimetric parameters. However, it did reduce the lung mean dose by 1.33 Gy (P < 0.001) and V20 by 2.2% (P < 0.001). Only superior/inferior displacement of >1 cm was predictive of a >5% reduction in lung V20 parameter, and these patients all had a gross tumour volume (GTV) of <100 cm3.ConclusionsThe dosimetric benefit of applying RGRT is small when applied in an unselected population of patients. Superior/inferior displacement of >1 cm for tumours with GTV less than 100 cm3 may be used to select patients who may derive a >5% reduction in lung V20 parameters.