bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The utility of administrative data for neurotrauma surveillance and prevention in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Parsons Daria , Colantonio Angela , Mohan Michelle 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Background
Surveillance of neurotrauma events is necessary to guide the development and evaluation of effective injury prevention initiatives. The aim of this paper is to review potential sources of existing population-based data to inform neurotrauma prevention in Canada, using sources available in Ontario as an example. Data sources, including administrative data holdings from Ontario’s publicly funded health care system and ongoing national surveys, were reviewed to determine the degree of relevance for neurotrauma surveillance, using standards outlined by the World Health Organization as a framework.

Results
Five key data sources were identified for neurotrauma surveillance. Five other sources were considered useful; cause of injury was not identifiable in 5 additional sources; and 4 sources were not relevant for surveillance purposes.

Conclusions
We provide information about which existing data sources are most relevant for neurotrauma surveillance and research, as well as examine the strengths and limitations of these sources. Administrative data can be used to facilitate surveillance of neurotrauma and are considered both useful and cost effective for the development and evaluation of injury prevention programs.
Prioritizing research for “One health - One world”
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Infectious diseases of poverty, a collective term coined for infections known to be particularly prevalent amongst poor populations, is increasingly used for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with special transmission routes, such as depending on vectors and/or intermediate hosts. The journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty (IDP) is launched to explore new avenues in research to better understand the relationship between infectious diseases and poverty, and to contribute to priority settings for plans to control them. Introducing the “One health - One world” concept, IDP will publish original and empirical work based on analyses of disease burdens, their distribution and research needs in this area. The new journal will not only bring out research articles but also scoping reviews and highlights of trans-disciplinary work undertaken to combat the infectious diseases of poverty, wherever in the world they exist.
Toll-like receptors expression and interferon-γ production by NK cells in human sepsis
Authors: Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes Fernando , Parlato Marianna , Philippart François , Misset Benoît , Cavaillon Jean-Marc , Adib-Conquy Minou ,   the Captain study group
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Introduction
During the course of infection, natural killer (NK) cells contribute to innate immunity by producing cytokines, particularly interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). In addition to their beneficial effects against infection, NK cells may play a detrimental role during systemic inflammation, causing lethality during sepsis. Little is known on the immune status of NK cells in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis in terms of cell surface markers expression and IFN-γ production.

Methods
We investigated 27 sepsis patients and 11 patients with non-infectious SIRS. CD56bright and CD56dim NK cell subsets were identified by flow cytometry and Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, TLR9, CX3CR1, CD16 and CD69 expression were analyzed, as well as ex vivo IFN-γ production by NK cells in whole blood samples.

Results
We first showed that in NK cells from healthy controls, TLR2 and TLR4 expression is mainly intracellular, similarly to TLR9. Intracellular levels of TLR2 and TLR4, in both CD56bright and CD56dim NK cell subsets from sepsis patients, were increased compared to healthy subjects. In addition, the percentage of CD69+ cells was higher among NK cells of sepsis patients. No difference was observed for TLR9, CX3CR1, and CD16 expression. The ex vivo stimulation by TLR4 or TLR9 agonists, or whole bacteria in synergy with accessory cytokines (IL-15+IL-18), resulted in significant production of IFN-γ by NK cells of healthy controls. In contrast, for SIRS and sepsis patients this response was dramatically reduced.

Conclusions
This study reports for the first time an intracellular expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in human NK cells. Surface TLR4 expression allows discriminating sepsis and SIRS. Furthermore, during these pathologies, NK cells undergo an alteration of their immune status characterized by a profound reduction of their capacity to release IFN-γ.
Caregivers' appraisals of patients' involuntary hospital treatment: European multicentre study
Authors: Giacco Domenico , Fiorillo Andrea , Del Vecchio Valeria , Kallert Thomas , Onchev Georgi , Raboch Jiri , Mastrogianni Anastasia , Nawka Alexander , Hadrys Tomasz , Kjellin Lars , Luciano Mario , De Rosa Corrado , Maj Mario , Priebe Stefan 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundMental health policies emphasise that caregivers' views of involuntary psychiatric treatment should be taken into account. However, there is little evidence on how caregivers view such treatment.AimsTo explore caregivers' satisfaction with the involuntary hospital treatment of patients and what factors are associated with caregivers' appraisals of treatment.MethodA multicentre prospective study was carried out in eight European countries. Involuntarily admitted patients and their caregivers rated their appraisal of treatment using the Client Assessment of Treatment Scale 1 month after admission.ResultsA total of 336 patients and their caregivers participated. Caregivers' appraisals of treatment were positive (mean of 8.5 on a scale from 0 to 10) and moderately correlated with patients' views. More positive caregivers' views were associated with greater patients' symptom improvement.ConclusionsCaregivers' appraisals of involuntary in-patient treatment are rather favourable. Their correlation with patients' symptom improvement may underline their relevance in clinical practice.
Tubulin detyrosination promotes monolayer formation and apical trafficking in epithelial cells
Authors: Zink Sabrina , Grosse Lena , Freikamp Andrea , Bänfer Sebastian , Müksch Frauke , Jacob Ralf 
Published: October 2012

Summary
The role of post-translational tubulin modifications in the development and maintenance of a polarized epithelium is not well understood. We studied the balance between detyrosinated (detyr-) and tyrosinated (tyr-) tubulin in the formation of MDCK cell monolayers. Increased quantities of detyrosinated microtubules were detected during assembly into confluent cell sheets. These tubules were composed of alternating stretches of detyr- and tyr-tubulin. Constant induction of tubulin tyrosination, which decreased the levels of detyr-tubulin by overexpression of tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), disrupted monolayer establishment. Detyr-tubulin-depleted cells assembled into isolated islands and developed a prematurely polarized architecture. Thus, tubulin detyrosination is required for the morphological differentiation from non-polarized cells into an epithelial monolayer. Moreover, membrane trafficking, in particular to the apical domain, was slowed down in TTL-overexpressing cells. This effect could be reversed by TTL knockdown, which suggests that detyr-tubulin-enriched microtubules serve as cytoskeletal tracks to guide membrane cargo in polarized MDCK cells.
Fibroblast growth factor homologous factor 1 interacts with NEMO to regulate NF-κB signaling in neurons
Authors: König Hans-Georg , Fenner Beau J. , Byrne Jennifer C. , Schwamborn Robert F. , Bernas Tytus , Jefferies Caroline A. , Prehn Jochen H. M. 
Published: October 2012

Summary
Neuronal survival and plasticity critically depend on constitutive activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). We here describe a role for a small intracellular fibroblast growth factor homologue, the fibroblast growth factor homologous factor 1 (FHF1/FGF12), in the regulation of NF-κB activity in mature neurons. FHFs have previously been described to control neuronal excitability, and mutations in FHF isoforms give rise to a form of progressive spinocerebellar ataxia. Using a protein-array approach, we identified FHF1b as a novel interactor of the canonical NF-κB modulator IKKγ/NEMO. Co-immunoprecipitation, pull-down and GAL4-reporter experiments, as well as proximity ligation assays, confirmed the interaction of FHF1 and NEMO and demonstrated that a major site of interaction occurred within the axon initial segment. Fhf1 gene silencing strongly activated neuronal NF-κB activity and increased neurite lengths, branching patterns and spine counts in mature cortical neurons. The effects of FHF1 on neuronal NF-κB activity and morphology required the presence of NEMO. Our results imply that FHF1 negatively regulates the constitutive NF-κB activity in neurons.
The conserved P body component HPat/Pat1 negatively regulates synaptic terminal growth at the larval Drosophila neuromuscular junction
Authors: Pradhan Sarala J. , Nesler Katherine R. , Rosen Sarah F. , Kato Yasuko , Nakamura Akira , Ramaswami Mani , Barbee Scott A. 
Published: October 2012

Summary
The temporal and spatial regulation of protein synthesis plays an important role in the control of neural physiology. In axons and dendrites, translationally repressed mRNAs are actively transported to their destinations in a variety of ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs). A subset of these neuronal RNPs has been shown to contain proteins associated with mRNA processing bodies (P bodies). P bodies are a class of highly conserved cytoplasmic granules that have been linked to both mRNA decay and translational repression via general and miRNA-mediated pathways. Here, we characterize functions for HPat/Pat1 (also known as Patr-1), a core component of P bodies, at the glutamatergic larval Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ). We show that hpat mutants exhibit a strong synaptic hyperplasia at the NMJ. The synaptic defects observed in hpat mutants are associated with rearrangement of the axonal microtubule cytoskeleton suggesting that HPat negatively regulates presynaptic microtubule-based growth during NMJ development. Consistent with this, overexpression of HPat also blocks the rapid growth of presynaptic boutons induced by spaced depolarization. Finally, we demonstrate that HPat interacts genetically with the catalytic subunit of the deadenylase complex (twin/CCR4) and the miRNA pathway (Argonaute 1) to control bouton formation. We propose that HPat is required to target mRNAs involved in the control of microtubule architecture and synaptic terminal growth for repression, presumably in P bodies, via both general and miRNA-mediated mechanisms.
Collaborative Cost Reduction and Component Procurement Under Information Asymmetry
Authors: Kim Sang-Hyun , Netessine Serguei 
Published: October 2012

During development of an innovative product there is often considerable uncertainty about component production cost, and it is of interest for both the manufacturer and the supplier to engage in a collaborative effort to reduce this uncertainty and lower the expected cost. Despite the obvious benefits this brings, the supplier may be reluctant to collaborate as he fears revealing his proprietary cost information. We investigate how information asymmetry and procurement contracting strategies interact to influence the supply chain parties' incentives to collaborate. We consider a number of procurement contracting strategies, and identify a simple strategy, expected margin commitment (EMC), that effectively promotes collaboration. The manufacturer prefers EMC if collaboration leads to a large reduction in unit cost and/or demand variability is low. Otherwise, a screening contract based on price and quantity is preferred. We also find that, paradoxically, ex post efforts to enhance supply chain efficiency may hinder ex ante collaboration that precedes production.This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Mechanism Design for Capacity Planning Under Dynamic Evolutions of Asymmetric Demand Forecasts
Authors: Oh Sechan , Özer Özalp 
Published: October 2012

This paper investigates the role of time in forecast information sharing and decision making under uncertainty. To do so, we provide a general framework to model the evolutions of forecasts generated by multiple decision makers who forecast demand for the same product. We also model the evolutions of forecasts when decision makers have asymmetric demand information and refer to it as the Martingale Model of Asymmetric Forecast Evolutions. This model helps us study mechanism design problems in a dynamic environment. In particular, we consider a supplier's (principal's) problem of eliciting credible forecast information from a manufacturer (agent) when both firms obtain asymmetric demand information for the end product over multiple periods. The supplier uses demand information to better plan for a capacity investment decision. When the supplier postpones building capacity and screening the manufacturer's private information, the supplier and the manufacturer can obtain more information and update their forecasts. This delay, however, may increase (respectively, decrease) the degree of information asymmetry between the two firms, resulting in a higher (respectively, lower) cost of screening. The capacity building cost may also increase because of a tighter deadline for building capacity. Considering all such trade-offs, the supplier has to determine (i) when to stop obtaining new demand information and build capacity, (ii) whether to offer a screening contract to credibly elicit private forecast information or to determine the capacity level without information sharing, (iii) how much capacity to build, and (iv) how to design the overall mechanism so that both firms benefit from this mechanism. This paper provides an answer to these questions. In doing so, we develop a new solution approach for a class of dynamic mechanism design problems. In addition, this paper provides a framework to quantify the option value of time for a strategic investment decision under the dynamic evolutions of asymmetric forecasts. This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Appropriability Mechanisms and the Platform Partnership Decision: Evidence from Enterprise Software
Authors: Huang Peng , Ceccagnoli Marco , Forman Chris , Wu D. J. 
Published: October 2012

We examine whether ownership of intellectual property rights (IPR) or downstream capabilities is effective in encouraging entry into markets complementary to a proprietary platform by preventing the platform owner from expropriating rents from start-ups. We study this question in the context of the software industry, an environment where evidence of the efficacy of IPR as a mechanism to appropriate the returns from innovation has been mixed. Entry, in our context, is measured by an independent software vendor's (ISV's) decision to become certified by a platform owner and produce applications compatible with the platform. We find that ISVs with a greater stock of formal IPR (such as patents and copyrights), and those with stronger downstream capabilities (as measured by trademarks and consulting services) are more likely to join the platform, suggesting that these mechanisms are effective in protecting ISVs from the threat of expropriation. We also find that the effects of IPR on the likelihood of partnership are greater when an ISV has weak downstream capabilities or when the threat of imitation is greater, such as when the markets served by the ISV are growing quickly.This paper was accepted by Gérard P. Cachon, information systems.
Effect of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes Entry into Mammalian Cells
Authors: Chen Howard H. , Baer Bradly , Evans Christopher S. , Ponek Hannah M. , Chen Michelle 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTWe reported a mammalian cell-imaging paradigm to study the cellular response to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) cells were exposed to SWCNTs resuspended in physiologically compatible buffer (phosphate buffered saline, PBS), at concentrations ranging from 0 to 50 μg/mL. Upon exposure, we optically imaged the cells in order to (1) visualize the accumulation SWCNTs in cells in real-time; (2) qualitatively and quantitatively assess the morphological changes associated with cellular stress in the presence of SWCNTs; and (3) serially quantify cell survival with highly sensitive bioluminescence-based imaging. Our results showed that the cell survival obtained from optical imaging agreed with that from CellTiter-Glo (CTG) luminescence viability assay. Acute compromise in the CHO cell’s survival rate was observed under high concentrations of SWCNT exposure. The cellular response as a function of SWCNT concentrations, and exposure time was further investigated.
Novel Chemical Route to Size-Controlled Ta(0) and Ru-Ta Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Helgadottir Inga S. , Arquillière Philippe P. , Campbell Paul S. , Santini Catherine C. , Haumesser P.-H. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTMetallic nanoparticles under 10 nm are of particular interest for the microelectronics industry. However, there is a lack of convenient synthetic routes to control their size Oxophilic metals, such as Ta, are also of high interest, however, the high oxophilicity and melting point makes the synthesis of such nanoparticles challenging. Making use of imidazolium-based ionic liquids, monodisperse zero-valent tantalum nanoparticles (Ta(0)NPs) have been successfully synthesised at room temperature by reduction of tris(neopentyl)neopentylidenetantalum(V). Furthermore; well size-controlled bimetallic Ru-Ta NPs have also been synthesized.
Computational Modeling of the Influence of Geminal Zwitterionic Liquids on Changes in the Parameters of Wetting of Oil-Rock System
Authors: Lopez-Chavez Ernesto , Zamudio-Rivera Luis Silvestre , Martinez-Magadan Jose Manuel , Buenrostro-Gonzalez Eduardo , Hernández-Altamirano Raúl 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTZwitterionic liquid (ZL) molecules are considered among the surfactant molecular species used in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The surface activity of asphaltenes (ASP) is crucial for establishing reservoir rock wettability, which impacts enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process. The key to a successful EOR formulation is to carefully select the components that provide ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT) under reservoir conditions. Achieving ultra-low IFT greatly reduces capillary forces that trap oil. The objective of this work is the theoretical study of the influence of a class of germinal zwitterionic liquid on interfacial tension or changes on wettability of the oil-rock system under reservoir conditions. The ZL molecule used in this study was designed by Zamudio et al; while the asphaltene model was originally proposed by Buenrostro-González. Methods of molecular mechanics and dynamics were used in order to calculate interaction energies of all systems. The results indicate that the ZL molecule adheres more strongly to the limestone-rock than the asphaltene molecule does. In addition, our results suggest that the ion-pair formation is the dominant wettability alteration mechanism.
Relationship Between Mechanical Properties and Bone Mineral Density of Human Femoral Bone Retrieved from Patients with Osteoarthritis
Authors: Haba Yvonne , Lindner Tobias , Fritsche Andreas , Schiebenhöfer Ann-Kristin , Souffrant Robert , Kluess Daniel , Skripitz Ralf , Mittelmeier Wolfram , Bader Rainer 
Published: October 2012

The objective of this study was to analyse retrieved human femoral bone samples using three different test
methods, to elucidate the relationship between bone mineral density and mechanical properties. Human femoral heads
were retrieved from 22 donors undergoing primary total hip replacement due to hip osteoarthritis and stored for a
maximum of 24 hours postoperatively at + 6 °C to 8 °C.
Analysis revealed an average structural modulus of 232±130 N/mm2 and ultimate compression strength of 6.1±3.3 N/mm2 with high standard deviations. Bone mineral densities of 385±133 mg/cm2 and 353±172 mg/cm3 were measured using thedual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT), respectively. Ashing resulted in a bone mineral density of 323±97 mg/cm3. In particular, significant linear correlations were found between DXA and ashing with r = 0.89 (p < 0.01, n = 22) and between structural modulus and ashing with r = 0.76 (p < 0.01, n = 22).
Thus, we demonstrated a significant relationship between mechanical properties and bone density. The correlations found can help to determine the mechanical load capacity of individual patients undergoing surgical treatments by means of noninvasive bone density measurements.
Auditors' Internal Control over Financial Reporting Decisions: Analysis, Synthesis, and Research Directions
Authors: Asare Stephen K. , Fitzgerald Brian C. , Graham Lynford E. , Joe Jennifer R. , Negangard Eric M. , Wolfe Christopher J. 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARY
We synthesize the literature on auditors' evaluation of, and reporting on, internal control over financial reporting (ICOFR), as required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The purpose of the synthesis is (1) to provide information on how and how well auditors perform the task, which serves as feedback to the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board on implementation issues and problems related to auditors' application of the professional standards on ICOFR; and (2) to identify gaps in the current literature and fruitful areas of future research. Consistent with Auditing Standard No. 5, we delineate five phases of the ICOFR audit: (1) planning; (2) scoping; (3) testing; (4) evaluation; and (5) reporting. We structure our synthesis using a framework that classifies the determinants of performance in each phase into five broad areas: (a) the auditor's attributes, (b) the client's attributes, (c) the interaction between the auditor and the client, (d) task attributes, and (e) environmental attributes. Key contributions include providing an ICOFR tasks taxonomy, proposing a model of the determinants of performance for each task, evaluating auditors' performance of the tasks in our taxonomy, highlighting findings and gaps of importance to regulators, and providing a road map for future research.