bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culture and cognition in health systems change
Authors: Evans Jenna M. , Baker G. Ross , Berta Whitney , Barnsley Jan 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– Large-scale change involves modifying not only the structures and functions of multiple organizations, but also the mindsets and behaviours of diverse stakeholders. This paper focuses on the latter: the informal, less visible, and often neglected psychological and social factors implicated in change efforts. The purpose of this paper is to differentiate between the concepts of organizational culture and mental models, to argue for the value of applying a shared mental models (SMM) framework to large-scale change, and to suggest directions for future research.Design/methodology/approach– The authors provide an overview of SMM theory and use it to explore the dynamic relationship between culture and cognition. The contributions and limitations of the theory to change efforts are also discussed.Findings– Culture and cognition are complementary perspectives, providing insight into two different levels of the change process. SMM theory draws attention to important questions that add value to existing perspectives on large-scale change. The authors outline these questions for future research and argue that research and practice in this domain may be best served by focusing less on the potentially narrow goal of “achieving consensus” and more on identifying, understanding, and managing cognitive convergences and divergences as part of broader research and change management programmes.Originality/value– Drawing from both cultural and cognitive paradigms can provide researchers with a more complete picture of the processes by which coordinated action are achieved in complex change initiatives in the healthcare domain.
Investigating healthcare IT innovations: a “conceptual blending” approach
Authors: Cranfield Steven , Hendy Jane , Reeves Barnaby , Hutchings Andrew , Collin Simon , Fulop Naomi 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to better understand how and why adoption and implementation of healthcare IT innovations occur. The authors examine two IT applications, computerised physician order entry (CPOE) and picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) at the meso and micro levels, within the context of the National Programme for IT in the English National Health Service (NHS).

Design/methodology/approach
– To analyse these multi-level dynamics, the authors blend Rogers’ diffusion of innovations theory (DoIT) with Webster’s sociological critique of technological innovation in medicine and healthcare systems to illuminate a wider range of interacting factors. Qualitative data collected between 2004 and 2006 uses semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 72 stakeholders across four English NHS hospital trusts.

Findings
– Overall, PACS was more successfully implemented (fully or partially in three out of four trusts) than CPOE (implemented in one trust only). Factors such as perceived benefit to users and attributes of the application – in particular speed, ease of use, reliability and flexibility and levels of readiness – were highly relevant but their influence was modulated through interaction with complex structural and relational issues.

Practical implications
– Results reveal that combining contextual system level theories with DoIT increases understanding of real-life processes underpinning implementation of IT innovations within healthcare. They also highlight important drivers affecting success of implementation, including socio-political factors, the social body of practice and degree of “co-construction” between designers and end-users.

Originality/value
– The originality of the study partly rests on its methodological innovativeness and its value on critical insights afforded into understanding complex IT implementation programmes.
The contribution of community leadership upon the performance of mutual health organisations in Ghana
Authors: Adomah-Afari Augustine 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of social dynamics on the performance of mutual health organisations (MHOs) exploring the influence of community wealth and community leadership on policy implementation.Design/methodology/approach– Four operating district mutual health insurance schemes were selected using geographical locations, among other criteria, as case studies. Data were gathered through interviews and documentary review. The findings were analysed using community field and social capital theories.Findings– Traditional leaders like the Chiefs serve as the pivot around which social and human capital of the communities revolve in the developmental process of the country.Research limitations/implications– Lack of exhaustive examination of the financial and institutional viability issues of the MHOs. Future studies could assess the interplay between financial, institutional and social viability models when measuring the financial and overall sustainability of MHOs.Practical implications– Health policy makers need to involve traditional leaders in the formulation and implementation of national policies since their acceptance or rejection of central government policy could have negative consequences.Social implications– Ghana is a dynamic country and there is the need to utilise existing social networks: inter-family and inter-tribal relationships to ensure the viability of MHOs.Originality/value– There is and can be a successful interplay between public sector funding and community sector revenue mobilisation for financing the health sector in Ghana. This justifies the complementarity between government funding and community’s resource mobilisation efforts in the health sector.
Can business counselling help SMEs grow? Evidence from the Swedish business development grant programme
Authors: Widerstedt Barbro , Månsson Jonas 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the state funded business counselling on firm growth.Design/methodology/approach– A quasi-experimental difference-in-difference estimation of treatment effects, using a matched sample of comparable untreated firms.Findings– Firms that have been granted counselling vouchers have a higher growth in value added than comparable untreated firms. This effect is mainly due to increased use of labour and capital, rather than increased efficiency. Results are upwardly biased due to sample selection among treated firms.Research limitations/implications– An improved strategy for identifying potential comparison firms from the pool of all firms may be necessary for further impact evaluations on business development programmes.Social implications– Policy makers may have to reconsider the programme design, since the programme currently suffer from a large potential for crowding-out, and low additional value of business counselling.Originality/value– The paper uses a matching procedure in order to infer causal effects of business counselling and compares the effect of, respectively, contamination and selection on estimated impact on firm growth and survival. The data used are an original, rich micro-level data set on state investment support to businesses.
Can research “send me high?” Addressing flow theory
Authors: Hudock Sandy L 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to find whether undergraduate students in the first discipline-based class can attain flow state while researching. Despite its widespread acceptance and application, flow theory has not been applied to the research process. Moreover, it can further librarians’ knowledge of the importance of affect in information seeking behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
– Flow is a phenomenological state achieved when skill level is equal to challenge level. Flow experience was operationalized using Z-score analysis as one standard deviation above individuals’ averages. The study used mixed methods including event contingent experience sampling method, Bostick’s library anxiety scale and reflection papers. Following library instruction sessions, undergraduate participants scheduled research consultations with a librarian.

Findings
– Individual research sessions grew more positive as reflected by Z scores over the semester, with one case of flow. Overall, participants’ library anxiety decreased minimally. Reflection papers reiterated the value of approachability and interest of the librarian, with those who had consultations feeling both increased confidence in their skills and in knowing they had an ally in their research.

Research limitations/implications
– The original collaborator and pedagogy were not utilized, thereby limiting the scope and sample size. The author was able to collaborate with other faculty. Future research would benefit from a larger sample size and more collaboration.

Originality/value
– Using flow theory as a model can emphasize the positive aspects of research as interesting and enjoyable, even in the imposed query setting of the classroom, and it can encourage librarians’ display of interest during research consultations.
Detection, Identification, and Prevalence of Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Fish and Coastal Environment in Jordan
Authors: Alaboudi Akram R. , Ababneh Mustafa , Osaili Tareq M. , Shloul Khalaf Al 
Published: November 2015

AbstractVibrio parahaemolyticus is widely distributed in the marine environments and considered the leading cause of human gastroenteritis in Asian countries. A total of 150 marketed fish and 50 water and sediment samples from the Gulf of Aqaba were examined for the prevalence of pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus. A total of 132 typical isolates obtained from the primary selective medium (thiosulfate‐citrate bile salt sucrose agar) and showed positive biochemical properties were subjected to confirmation by polymerase chain reaction targeting the gyrB and toxR genes. These genes were confirmed at rates of 82% (108 isolates) and 72% (95 isolates), respectively. The toxR positive isolates were tested for the presence of thermolabile hemolysin (tlh), thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), and tdh‐related hemolysin (trh) virulence genes. Accordingly, the prevalence rates of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus were 4%, 8%, and 12% in sediment, water, and fish samples, respectively. The 16S rRNA amplification and sequences were conducted for confirmation of the isolates and showing the relatedness among these isolates. The results showed that both 16S rRNA and toxR assays had same sensitivity and tested isolates had high nucleotide similarity irrespective of their sources.
BH3 mimetic ABT‐737 induces apoptosis in CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia cells and shows synergistic effect with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs
Authors: Rao Jia , Li Fei , Zhang Rong‐yan , Zhou Huan‐huan , Chen Guo‐an 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAimsAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an immunophenotypically heterogenous malignant disease. The early immature CD34+ AML cell subpopulation is frequently impervious to intensive chemotherapy, making them largely responsible for relapse of AML. CD34+ AML cells have higher level of Bcl‐2 protein expression than the CD34− subpopulation. As such, development of drugs that specifically target the Bcl‐2 may have the potential to eliminate immature CD34+ AML progenitor cells and provide therapeutic benefit. In this work, we made an attempt to investigate the cytotoxic effect of a novel Bcl‐2 family inhibitor, ABT‐737, on CD34+ AML cell lines (KG1a and Kasumi‐1) as well as CD34+ primary AML cells.MethodsPrimary human CD34+ cells were isolated from bone marrow mononuclear cells using CD34 MicroBead kit. The growth inhibitory effect was measured by cell counting kit‐8. Apoptosis was analyzed by annexin V/PI assays. Protein expression was determined by Western blotting analysis.ResultsInhibition of Bcl‐2 by ABT‐737 effectively inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in CD34+ AML cell lines and CD34+ primary AML cells without affecting CD34+ normal hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that ABT‐737 induced apoptosis associated with caspase‐3 activation and poly ADP‐ribose polymerase (PARP) degradation. Finally, ABT‐737 synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effect of cytarabine and daunorubicin in CD34+ AML cells.ConclusionTaken together, these findings indicate that ABT‐737 may offer as a promising molecular targeting agent in CD34+ AML.
Normal impact behaviour of C/SiC rigid‐felt titanium alloy three‐layered plate
Authors: Chen L , Yao X , Cen S. , Wang S 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper, impact damage behaviours of C/SiC rigid‐felt titanium alloy three‐layered plate under normal impact are investigated. First, low velocity impact experiment of the three‐layered plate is performed by means of a drop weight impact apparatus. Second, the finite element model of the three‐layered plate is established using a damage constitutive model; also, the influences of the initial kinetic energy (the initial velocity and the mass of the impactor) on stress distributions and damage patterns of the three‐layered plate are analysed. Finally, the energy dissipation mechanisms and failure characterizations of the three‐layered plate are discussed; also, the agreements of physical variables and damage morphologies between experimental and numerical results validate the reliability of numerical simulation. The results will play an important role in designing and evaluating advanced thermal protection structure.
An improved method for estimation of Ramberg–Osgood curves of steels from monotonic tensile properties
Authors: Li J. , Zhang Z. , Li C. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn the present study, first a method for estimating cyclic yield strength is improved and compared using the experimental data of 121 steels from literature. Correlations between cyclic deformation properties (K′ and n′) and monotonic tensile data are then investigated, and a simple method requiring only the monotonic tensile properties is developed for estimation of the Ramberg–Osgood curve. Prediction capability of the proposed method is not only evaluated using the aforementioned 121 steels, but also compared with several commonly used methods that are available in the literature. The proposed correlations are shown to predict the cyclic deformation properties of most of considered steels reasonable well.
US experience with recombinant factor VIIa for surgery and other invasive procedures in acquired haemophilia: analysis from the Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society Registry
Authors: Ma A. D. , Kessler C. M. , Al‐Mondhiry H. A. B. , Gut R. Z. , Cooper D. L. 
Published: November 2015

IntroductionAcquired haemophilia (AH) is a rare disorder caused by autoantibodies against factor VIII.AimThe Hemostasis & Thrombosis Research Society (HTRS) Registry was used to monitor the safety of recombinant FVII (rFVIIa). This study aims to report data from the HTRS Registry regarding safety and efficacy of rFVIIa for haemostatic management of surgeries and other invasive procedures in patients with AH.MethodsFor each rFVIIa‐treated procedure, the initial dose, total dose, average infused dose, number of doses and treatment duration were calculated. Efficacy was assessed on a 4‐point scale.ResultsOf 166 registered patients with AH, 37 patients underwent 58 procedures [30 (51%) rFVIIa‐treated]. The median (range) age of all patients undergoing procedures was 70 (13–93) years; for rFVIIa‐treated patients, 74 (28–89) years. Approximately 67% (39/58) of all procedures were elective. Overall, the most common procedures were endoscopy (12) and central venous access device (10); rFVIIa was used preoperatively (11), postoperatively (13) and during six follow‐up procedures during ongoing postoperative rFVIIa treatment. The median (range) initial dose was 90.0 (44–187) μg kg−1 preoperatively and 106.0 (56–270) μg kg−1 postoperatively. For rFVIIa‐treated episodes with a reported outcome, 20 (91%) were rated excellent/good or no additional agents used and 2 (9%) were rated as poor/ineffective requiring a switch to another bypassing agent. No thromboembolic events were reported.ConclusionsAdequate haemostasis was provided for 91% of rFVIIa‐treated procedures at doses largely conforming to the package insert. No safety concerns were reported.
General health and state anxiety in patients recovering from colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Jakobsson Jenny , Idvall Ewa , Wann‐Hansson Christine 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAimTo describe and compare general health and state anxiety before surgery and up to 6 months after surgery in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing elective rectal resection, abdominoperineal resection or colonic resection in an enhanced recovery context.BackgroundLittle is known about patient‐reported health and anxiety after colorectal cancer surgery in an enhanced recovery context.DesignA prospective cohort study.MethodsData were collected from October 2011–February 2013. The questionnaires – EuroQol 5‐Dimensions 3‐Levels and State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory – were answered before surgery, at discharge and 1 and 6 months after surgery. Data were analysed using inferential statistics to describe differences between groups of patients (Kruskal–Wallis test) and between assessments within groups (Friedman'sanova).ResultsPatients (N = 105), divided into three groups based on surgical procedure, showed a high health index and a low state anxiety in all assessments without differences between the groups. Patients considered for abdominoperineal resection rated their pre‐operative health as significantly higher than patients after rectal and colonic resections did. Within groups, patients recovering from abdominoperineal resection and rectal resection deteriorated significantly in health index 1 month after surgery. However, after 6 months they had improved again. After colonic resection, patients improved significantly in self‐rated health and anxiety 1 month after surgery with no further discernible improvement after 6 months.ConclusionThe study showed that patients generally had a high level of health and a low level of anxiety throughout the study period. Only a few differences occurred between assessments within groups.
Factors associated with eating performance for long‐term care residents with moderate‐to‐severe cognitive impairment
Authors: Liu Wen , Galik Elizabeth , Boltz Marie , Nahm Eun‐Shim , Lerner Nancy , Resnick Barbara 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to examine the association of specific personal and environmental factors with eating performance among long‐term care residents with moderate‐to‐severe cognitive impairment.BackgroundEating is the one of the most basic and easiest activities of daily living to perform. While multilevel factors can be associated with eating performance, the evidence among those with dementia was insufficient.DesignA secondary analysis of baseline data collected between March and September in 2012 from 199 residents in eight long‐term care facilities.MethodsEating performance was conceptualized using the single self‐care ‘feeding’ item in the Barthel Index and was scored based on four levels of dependence and assistance required. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the adjusted association of specific factors with eating performance.ResultsAlmost one‐third of the residents needed help with eating. After adjusting the type of facility, number of comorbidities, chair‐sitting balance, agitation and depression, compromised eating performance was associated with severe cognitive impairment and low physical capability.ConclusionThis study supported the association of eating performance with cognitive impairment and physical capability among long‐term care residents with moderate‐to‐severe cognitive impairment. Targeted interventions should be implemented to reduce the impact of cognitive decline on eating performance and promote physical capability to optimize eating performance. Future work need to use validated multiple‐item measures for eating performance and test the association of personal and environmental factors with eating performance among a larger heterogeneous group of long‐term care residents to enhance understanding of the factors.
Transition from clinician to academic: an interview study of the experiences of UK and Australian Registered Nurses
Authors: Logan Patricia A. , Gallimore David , Jordan Sue 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore and compare the experiences of nurses in Australia and the UK as they moved from clinical practice into higher education institutions.BackgroundWhen nurse education moved from hospitals into higher education institutions, the roles and career pathways of nurse educators changed.DesignThe design method used in this study was qualitative interview study.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were undertaken with 14 nurse educators, seven in Australia and seven in the UK, in 2011–2012. Thematic analysis of the transcripts was undertaken and triangulated with automated content and thematic analysis by Leximancer© software.FindingsNurse academics in Australia and the UK voiced similar enthusiasms and concerns. These coalesced around four emergent themes: adapting to change, external pressures, teaching and progress up the academic ladder. The Leximancer© analysis for both sites ranked ‘research’ as the primary theme, linked with ‘time’, ‘University’ and ‘nursing’ on both sites. Respondents were aware of the importance of research to career progression in universities, but most prioritized their teaching and clinical commitments for the sake of their organizations. Most respondents were supported in their doctoral studies, but the absence of postdoctoral research teams, mentors and role models was striking.ConclusionAdditional support is needed to ensure that nurse academics are able to pursue research beyond doctoral level.