bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syntheses, Structures, and Properties of Copper(II), Cobalt(II), and Cadmium(II) Complexes with Flexible Multicarboxylate Ligand
Authors: Xu Xianrui , Pan Xiaobo , Tang Sifu , Lv Xiaoxia , Li Liangjun , Zhao Xuebo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThree new coordination polymers, namely, [CuL0.5] (1), [Co(H2L)(H2O)2][H2O] (2), and [(CdCl)0.5Cd0.25(H2L)0.5] (3) were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions from the corresponding CuII, CoII, and CdII salts with a multidentate ligand of 2,2′,2′′,2′′′‐[2,3,5,6‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐phenylenebis(methylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid (H4L). The complexes were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, IR, thermogravimetric, and elemental analyses. Complex 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca and has a three‐dimensional architecture with infinite two‐dimensional networks linked together by weak Cu–O interactions. Complex 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1) and displays a 2D network. Complex 3 crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4(2)/ncm and exhibits an infinite 3D architecture that has unusual [Cd2(CO2)4Cl2] dinuclear paddle‐wheel units and [Cd(CO2)4] dodecahedron units. The results showed that the coordination arrangement of central metal atoms and the conformation and coordination mode of organic ligands play an important role in determining the structure of the complexes. The luminescence property of complex 3 was studied in the solid state at room temperature.
Sozialstatus und körperlich-sportliche Aktivität
Authors: Lampert Thomas 
Published: April 2013

Einleitung
Analysen zu Unterschieden in der körperlich-sportlichen Aktivität nach dem Sozialstatus zeigen die Bedeutung von zielgruppenorientierten bewegungs- und sportfördernden Maßnahmen auf. Nach aktuellen Forschungsergebnissen ist dabei zu berücksichtigen, dass Personen mit niedrigem Sozialstatus seltener Sport treiben, während sie im Alltag häufiger körperlich aktiv sind als Personen mit höherem Sozialstatus.
Kissing Clodius: a note on Catullus 79
Authors: Trappes-Lomax John 
Published: April 2013

Lesbius est pulcer. quid ni? quern Lesbia malitquam te cum tota gente, Catulle, tua.sed tamen hic pulcer uendat cum gente Catullum,si tria notorum sauia reppererit.notorum is the reading of O; GR have natorum, which is now generally rejected; among other things Catullus himself had no children and could hardly use childlessness as an insult, even if Clodius' children had not been born at the time of the poem. On the other hand notorum has caused some degree of unease; Skinner (1982) 203–4 takes it as meaning not only ‘acquaintances’ but also ‘well-known, distinguished men’, though there seems no evidence for such a meaning for substantival noti; it could also theoretically be the genitive plural of notor; likewise Birt (1904) 470 suggested that it is a partitive genitive with sauiorum understood; to leave even the possibility of such ambiguities is untypical of Catullus. Calphurnius and Heinsius, who were of course unaware of O's notorum, suggested amatorum; this accounts for natorum with the loss of a by haplography and consequent alteration of m to n to produce a Latin word, but it does not account for notorum; furthermore it is a word not used elsewhere by Catullus, and there would be an awkward ambiguity between ‘lovers’ and ‘well-wishers’; cf. OLD s.v. It will be suggested here that amatorum is almost right, and that we should read amicorum.
Chinese whispers
Authors: Wardy Robert 
Published: April 2013

On the hideous spectacle of the pair spending their evenings in shorthand schools and polytechnic classes, learning bookkeeping and typewriting with incipient junior clerks, male and female, from the elementary schools, let me not dwell. There were even classes at the London School of Economics, and a humble personal appeal to the director of that institution to recommend a course bearing on the flower business. He, being a humourist, explained to them the method of the celebrated Dickensian essay on Chinese Metaphysics by the gentleman who read an article on China and an article on Metaphysics and combined the information.George Bernard Shaw, Pygmalion
Nomentanus
Authors: Mattingly H. 
Published: April 2013

The denarius of L. Atilius has, for types, obv. Head of Bellona, in winged helmet: XVI—rev. Victory driving biga r.: l. atili: nom on tablet under horses. There are here two features of interest—the mark of value (XVI) and the nom instead of roma on the tablet. It comes near the close of the first period of Roman denarii, with stereotyped obverse, head of Bellona, and reverses Dioscuri or Diana or Victory in a biga. On general grounds of style, a date ca. 140–130 B.C. or later would be assigned.The mark of value XVI occurs for L. Atilius and five other moneyers only. It is most natural to suppose that the new mark appears when the valuation of the denarius was changed from X to XVI. Pliny and Festus place this change in 217 B.C., in the Second Punic War. But here for once we are compelled to desert our ancient authorities. A change of standard there was in 217, but a much earlier one than this. The coins with XVI can be assigned with certainty to a much later date, and the appearance of the new mark must coincide with the change in tariff. After XVI follows the new mark , which certainly denotes the same value: but x persists in use with it for a time, suggesting that the old tariff of 10 to the denarius continued to subsist beside the new.
Sophocles, ‘Electra’ 1205–10
Authors: Dawe R. D. 
Published: April 2013

The attribution of lines to different speakers in Greek tragedy is a matter on which MSS have notoriously little authority. As for Electra itself, there are at least three places where the name of the heroine has been incorrectly added in some or all MSS. In my Studies in the Text of Sophocles, I, 198, I list these places and suggest that the same error has happened at a fourth place, viz. 1323. The purpose of the present note is to suggest that at El. 1205–10 the same mistake has happened yet again.The situation is that Electra is holding the urn which she falsely believes to contain the ashes of her dead brother, Orestes. But Orestes is alive, and before her at this very moment. He is trying to persuade her to give up the urn. If the text before us had been preserved in a MS devoid of ascriptions to speakers, no one would have been so perverse as to do what all MSS and editors do in fact do, namely attribute the words οὔ φημ᾿ ἐάσειν to Orestes.
‘Si credere dignum est’: some expressions of disbelief in Euripides and others
Authors: Stinton T. C. W. 
Published: April 2013

In this paper I shall review some common expressions of scepticism or disbelief, as they are used in Greek literature. I shall argue that these are frequently not at all what they purport to be, and express not disbelief but some quite different attitude. I shall then try to show how this applies to some apparent expressions of scepticism about myth or religion in Euripides.Suppose someone tells me a powerful real life story about a Cabinet Minister or the President of the United States. I might respond with a number of expressions which purport to cast doubt on its truth— ‘incredible’, ‘fantastic’, ‘I don't believe it’, ‘I can't believe it’, and so on—but in fact simply comment on the striking, surprising, shocking or truth-is-stranger-than-fiction aspects of the story, and no more deny its truth than would, e.g., ‘amazing, Holmes!’ Indeed, ‘I can't believe it’ generally means that the speaker does believe it, for good or ill. Again, suppose I say ‘I can't believe that a Parliament House will be built in Swansea’.
Horatian Notes IV: despised readings in the manuscripts of Satires Book 1
Authors: Brink C.O. 
Published: April 2013

In three earlier instalments of these ‘Horatian Notes’ (1969, 1971, 1982) I have tried to weigh the claims to truth of manuscript variants in the transmitted text of Odes and Epodes. In the Satires there is so much of that sort of thing that I have had to restrict myself to Book 1. Now, as well as earlier, disagreements with the decisions of all or most contemporary editors arise. I note, however, that this paper was written before D. R. Shackleton Bailey's edition appeared in 1985. Readers of the present notes will find that we have come, independently if perhaps unsurprisingly, to similar conclusions on a number of passages.There is then much to say, and because of a plethora of evidence I do not propose to comment on the numerous cases where editors of the last half-century or so make what I regard as the right choice, yet, in one way or another, give rise to the suspicion that they do so for the wrong reasons. Thus at 1.1.38 very few editors now follow Keller and Vollmer, not to mention many of their early predecessors, in printing patiens to describe ‘the tiny ant’ in the animal fable designed to illustrate human failings. With Lambinus and Bentley, they do now print sapiens; yet a perusal of commentaries shows how right was A. Palmer, not usually a herald of Bentley's virtues, to refer to Bentley's note both in his app. crit. and his commentary. It is possible to print sapiens and yet to misunderstand it as ‘prudent, thrifty’; so e.g. L. Mueller. A reference to Bentley (and here also to Lambinus), which can be provided briefly in an app. crit. as much as in a commentary, is here and often elsewhere a reminder of good sense. Nevertheless, in order to save space I pass by such cases in this paper. Nor, as a rule, do I discuss cases where the quality of variants, whether preserved directly or indirectly, happens to be more or less balanced.
Janus—a comprehensive tool investigating the two faces of transcription
Authors: Barann Matthias , Esser Daniela , Klostermeier Ulrich C , Lappalainen Tuuli , Luzius Anne , Kuiper Jan W. P. , Ammerpohl Ole , Vater Inga , Siebert Reiner , Amstislavskiy Vyacheslav , Sudbrak Ralf , Lehrach Hans , Schreiber Stefan , Rosenstiel Philip 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Protocols to generate strand-specific transcriptomes with next-generation sequencing platforms have been used by the scientific community roughly since 2008. Strand-specific reads allow for detection of antisense events and a higher resolution of expression profiles enabling extension of current transcript annotations. However, applications making use of this strandedness information are still scarce.
Results: Here we present a tool (Janus), which focuses on the identification of transcriptional active regions in antisense orientation to known and novel transcribed elements of the genome. Janus can compare the antisense events of multiple samples and assigns scores to identify mutual expression of either transcript in a sense/antisense pair, which could hint to regulatory mechanisms. Janus is able to make use of single-nucleotide variant (SNV) and methylation data, if available, and reports the sense to antisense ratio of regions in the vicinity of the identified genetic and epigenetic variation. Janus interrogates positions of heterozygous SNVs to identify strand-specific allelic imbalance.
Availability: Janus is written in C/C++ and freely available at http://www.ikmb.uni-kiel.de/janus/janus.html under terms of GNU General Public License, for both, Linux and Windows 64×. Although the binaries will work without additional downloads, the software depends on bamtools (https://github.com/pezmaster31/bamtools) for compilation. A detailed tutorial section is included in the first section of the supplemental material and included as brief readme.txt in the tutorial archive.
Contact: m.barann@mucosa.de or p.rosenstiel@mucosa.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The MetaboLights repository: curation challenges in metabolomics
Authors: Salek Reza M. , Haug Kenneth , Conesa Pablo , Hastings Janna , Williams Mark , Mahendraker Tejasvi , Maguire Eamonn , González-Beltrán Alejandra N. , Rocca-Serra Philippe , Sansone Susanna-Assunta , Steinbeck Christoph 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
MetaboLights is the first general-purpose open-access curated repository for metabolomic studies, their raw experimental data and associated metadata, maintained by one of the major open-access data providers in molecular biology. Increases in the number of depositions, number of samples per study and the file size of data submitted to MetaboLights present a challenge for the objective of ensuring high-quality and standardized data in the context of diverse metabolomic workflows and data representations. Here, we describe the MetaboLights curation pipeline, its challenges and its practical application in quality control of complex data depositions.
Database URL: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights
Changes in relative deprivation and social well‐being
Authors: Sen Jayanta , Prakas Pal Dipti 
Published: April 2013

PurposeIndividuals earn their income from different sources in an economy. Persons being engaged with different occupations have different income levels. Welfare level thus varies from person to person. Obviously an indignant feeling arises out of interpersonal shortages of income which is viewed as relative deprivation of the person to whom shortages are inflicted. This paper attempts to analyse geometrically inter‐temporal variations in relative deprivation.Design/methodology/approachTemporal movement has been analysed in terms of iso‐deprivation curves.FindingsReduction in relative deprivation is the cherished goal of every welfare economy. But how it should be pursued is a matter of concern to the policy makers. In the present analysis five paths are discussed along which the deprivation level may be reduced. The most desirable path is identified.Originality/valueDifferent components and their relative contributions to changes in relative deprivation have been identified in a geometrical decomposition framework. The analysis is of use in framing policies for reduction in relative deprivation and increase in social well‐being.
Who are the poor? Who are the rich? Evidence for Portugal
Authors: Crespo Nuno , Moreira Sandrina B. , Simões Nádia 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the main determinants of the probability of a household being poor, middle class, or rich.Design/methodology/approachA new and integrated approach to the measurement of inequality in income distribution, poverty, and richness was recently proposed. Based on that approach and considering data for the Portuguese economy, the authors estimate a multinomial model in order to identify the main determinants of the probability of a household being poor, middle class, or rich using a set of characteristics of the households and the household's individual of reference as explanatory variables.FindingsThe evidence obtained indicates that: the determinants of poverty and richness are similar in qualitative terms; and household type, main source of income, education, and labor market state are the most important factors explaining these phenomena.Originality/valueFollowing a methodology recently proposed by Crespo et al. toward an integrated measurement of inequality, poverty, and richness, the present study contributes to this line of research by using a micro‐econometric model applied to the Portuguese economy in order to identify the determinants of poverty and richness.
Balanced scorecard: application in the General Panarcadian Hospital of Tripolis, Greece
Authors: Koumpouros Yiannis 
Published: April 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of the balanced scorecard (BSC) in the Greek public health sector.

Design/methodology/approach
– The basic balanced scorecard theory has been adopted in the characteristics and individualities of the Greek public health system. The theoretical model developed was applied in the General Panarcadian Hospital of Tripolis (GPHT) in Greece. GPHT is a representative paradigm of a big regional Greek public hospital. It has about 300 beds and many clinics and specialties (internal medicine, cardiology, general surgery, intensive care unit, artificial kidney unit, etc.). Strategic management was performed for almost three years. The BSC model was formulated in an appropriate software program. The problems (both technical and managerial) faced during a three-year period along with the results of this management approach are presented in the current paper. The paper highlights some important gaps in the Greek public health system, while proposing actions to be taken.

Findings
– The BSC theory can be very successful under certain conditions.

Originality/value
– Special attention is given to the peculiarities of the Greek public health situation. The paper presents for the first time a real life example of applying BSC in the Greek public health sector.
Educational tug‐of‐war: internal and external accountability of principals in varied contexts
Authors: Gonzalez Raymond A. , Firestone William A. 
Published: April 2013

PurposePrincipals face shifting accountability pressures from many sources. The most notable recent change in the USA has been the growing pressure from state and federal government. The purpose of this study is to explore the extent to which the accountability pressures experienced by principals in one American state were the same as those reported in research documenting “objective” changes in those pressures.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study uses interviews with New Jersey middle school principals. The purposeful sample includes principals who had been in their buildings at least three years and enhances variation on socioeconomic status (as measured by New Jersey's rating of “district factor groups”) and school achievement. The authors averaged three years of achievement data and controlled for variation in poverty, ethnicity, language proficiency, and enrollment. A total of 37 principals were contacted; 25 were interviewed. Principals first rank ordered seven sources of accountability. They were then interviewed to learn why the one they ranked highest was most important.FindingsThe most frequent top source of accountability was “your own conscience.” Principals who selected this option highlighted a sense of personal responsibility, responsibility to the children in their charge, and how conscience mediates among competing accountabilities. Accountability to one's conscience was most prevalent in high achieving schools.Originality/valueFrequent reference to internal responsibility among leaders suggests that they continue to feel a strong sense of internal accountability in spite of increasing external pressures. It also illustrates the range of external, often conflicting pressures that principals face which include pressures from the public and the district office as well as state and federal government. In this increasingly prescriptive and contradictory environment the principal's moral code is important to her or his school.
Developing a planned work process model for housing associations
Authors: Leblanc Hervé , Thomson Craig , Cameron Iain , Nitithamyong Pollaphat 
Published: April 2013

PurposeImproving process management within construction projects has been the source of academic and policy research for decades, and continues to be today. This paper seeks to focuses on the relatively under investigated management of Housing Association (HA) planned works and aims to improve this often ill‐defined process by developing a Planned Work Process Model (PWPM) that aids the definition of the phases and activities.Design/methodology/approachFirst step in developing the process model was through semi‐structured interviews with 11 HA practitioners allowing for the identification of 20 planned works activities. Second step considered the responses of 7 HA practitioners to a set of questions about the 20 activities leading to the development of an initial Process Model (PM). Third step contextualises the PM within four case studies with HAs of different sizes from which the PWPM emerged. Finally, the PWPM was validated by a panel of HA practitioners.FindingsThe PWPM is a process model specific to the practices of HAs in the UK. It represents the first step for process management improvement for planned works by providing a structure to facilitate project planning and performance monitoring.Research limitations/implicationsA panel of HA practitioners recognised the uniqueness and value of the PWPM especially in the context of new staff induction and progress monitoring. Further refinement of the PWPM would be possible through a large survey to help improve its practical applicability and refining the activities description and vocabulary.Originality/valueThis research will be of interest to those responsible for planning and delivering HA planned works since it presents a tailored interpretation of the project process that currently does not exist.
The project insurance option in infrastructure procurement
Authors: Ndekugri Issaka , Daeche Hannah , Zhou Diwei 
Published: April 2013

PurposeProject insurance is designed to get over the perceived deficiencies of the conventional insurance practice. It involves the entire project supply chain being insured under a single policy taken out by the project owner. The purpose of this article is to report the outcomes of a study aimed at developing understanding of project insurance practice and how it compares with the conventional system.Design/methodology/approachThe study consisted of a questionnaire survey across four sectors of the construction industry.FindingsDirect experience of project insurance is still very patchy. They also raise doubt whether project insurance offers significant benefits to the supply chain members with direct responsibility for designing or executing projects. The main advantages of project insurance over the traditional fragmented insurance products reported by respondents were: avoidance of litigation to determine which member of the project supply chain should ultimately be liable when loss or damage occurs; the ability to obtain cover for projects too large for the insurance capacity of some members of the supply chain; ability of the project owner to purchase customised cover.Research limitations/implicationsThe disadvantages were: there is duplication from contractors, sub‐contractor and designers still having to purchase the traditional products for projects on which project insurance is not implemented; the levels of excess in the available project insurance products are too high; there is little reduction in the annual insurance premium bills of contractors, sub‐contractors and designers.Practical implicationsUniversities and other educational institutions can contribute to developing wider awareness by including project insurance in not only their educational curricula but also their research priorities. The UK Government's decision to implement project insurance on some demonstration projects is a step in the right direction but needs to involve the research community who are better able to distil the experience for dissemination to the wider industry. The insurance industry needs to play a more proactive role by reassessing the levels of excesses in their project insurance policies and collaborating with the research community to develop more detailed knowledge of the technique.Originality/valueThis is the only reported empirical study into the use of project insurance in the UK construction industry.