bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orchestrating the ecosystem for data‐driven digital services and solutions: A multi‐level framework for the realization of sustainable industry
Authors: Kolagar Milad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate how large manufacturing firms can orchestrate their ecosystem for the successful co‐creation of data‐driven digital services and solutions as a way to achieve sustainable industry benefits. An exploratory single‐case study approach has been adopted for this study, which included 23 in‐depth interviews conducted with informants from seven Swedish and international companies involved in a transportation ecosystem. Based on the analysis, this study has developed a multi‐level framework for ecosystem orchestration that contains three main operational levels: individual, organization, and ecosystem, with an integrated sustainable industry benefits section as the outcome of this process. By providing a detailed account of ecosystem orchestration, this study contributes to the successful co‐creation of digital services and solutions. In addition, insights from this research can be used as a continuous evaluation and improvement tool for managers to orchestrate their ecosystem for digital servitization.
Nucleation Control and Isolation of Polymorphic Forms of Aspirin through an Efficient Template‐Assisted Swift Cooling Process
Authors: Muthusamy Ramya , Gnanasekar Nandhu varshini , Karuppannan Srinivasan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAspirin, a commonly used pharmaceutical therapeutic pharmacological substance, exhibits cross‐nucleation (intergrowth or overgrowth) of stable polymorphic Form‐I over the preferably required metastable polymorphic Form‐II, which creates a bottleneck issue in the solution crystallization of aspirin in most organic solvents and their mixtures. Controlling the overgrowth phenomenon is a key factor for designing the pharmaceutical drug material aspirin with desired properties. Hence, our present work chose a novel template‐assisted swift cooling crystallization with selected templates like copper‐wire and nylon 6/6 polymer, and also N‐N‐Dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent. The pure solution in the absence and the presence of a nylon 6/6 template in all the experimental supersaturation ranges achieves only thermodynamically stable polymorphic Form‐I of aspirin with slightly different morphologies. Contrarily, the presence of a copper‐wire template induces both stable and metastable polymorphs of aspirin depending on the level of supersaturation in the mother solution. The effect of templates on the nucleation kinetics of aspirin polymorphs is estimated using classical nucleation theory, and the determined values exactly match with experimental results. The polymorphic nature of the grown crystals is ascertained by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), single crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses.
Dual‐Anion‐Stabilized Cuδ+ Sites in Cu2(OH)2CO3 for High C2+ Selectivity in the CO2 Electroreduction Reaction
Authors: He Xin , Wang Min , Wei Zixuan , Wang Yang , Wang Jie , Zang Haojie , Zhang Lingxia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe excessive emission of CO2 has aroused increasingly serious environmental problems. Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an effective way to reduce CO2 concentration and simultaneously produce highly valued chemicals and fuels. Cuδ+ species are regarded as promising active sites to obtain multi‐carbon compounds in CO2RR, however, they are easily reduced to Cu0 during the reaction and fail to retain the satisfying selectivity for C2+ products. Herein, via a one‐step method, we synthesize Cu2(OH)2CO3 microspheres composed of nanosheets, which has achieved a superior Faraday efficiency for C2+ products as high as 76.29 % at −1.55 V vs. RHE in an H cell and 78.07 % at −100 mA cm−2 in a flow cell. Electrochemical measurements, in situ Raman spectra and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectra (ATR‐IR) as well as the theoretic calculation unveil that, compared with Cu(OH)2 and CuO, the dual O‐containing anionic groups (OH− and CO32−) in Cu2(OH)2CO3 can effectively stabilize the Cuδ+ species, promote the adsorption and activation of CO2, boost the coverage of *CO and the coupling of *CO−*COH, thus sustain the flourishment of C2+ products.
Doping control analysis of myo‐inositol trispyrophosphate and 10 bisphosphonates in equine plasma by ion chromatography–mass spectrometry and its application to clodronic acid horse administration
Authors: Wong April Sum Yee , Yuen Bruce Pui‐Nam , Wong Celia Oi Ling , Kong Fred Ka‐Wai , So Yat‐Ming , Kwok Wai Him , Brooks Lydia , Wan Terence See Ming , Ho Emmie Ngai‐Man 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBisphosphonates and myo‐inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP) are two classes of difficult‐to‐detect polar drugs that are prohibited under the rules of racing. ITPP is a drug capable of increasing the amount of oxygen in hypoxic tissues, and studies have shown that administration of ITPP increases the maximal exercise capacity in mice. The properties of ITPP make it an ideal candidate as a doping agent to enhance performance in racehorses. In recent years, ITPP had indeed been detected in racehorses and confiscated items. As for bisphosphonates, it is especially critical to control their use as since February 2019, the International Agreement on Breeding, Racing and Wagering (IABRW) by the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities (IFHA) had identified specific conditions on which bisphosphonates should not be administered to a racehorse. A recent review of literature shows that there is yet a simultaneous screening method for detecting ITPP and bisphosphonates in equine samples. This paper describes an efficient ion chromatography high‐resolution mass spectrometry (IC‐HRMS) method for the simultaneous detection of ITPP and 10 bisphosphonates at sub‐parts‐per‐billion (ppb) to low‐ppb levels in equine plasma after solid‐phase extraction (SPE) and its application to an administration study of clodronic acid in horses.
Effect of increasing temperature and temperature fluctuations on alfalfa and orchardgrass in the establishment year
Authors: Isaacson Ashley , Contosta Alexandra , Smith Richard G. , Stamplis Christopher , Lowry Carolyn J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how a warmer and more variable climate will affect the productivity and stability of perennial forages in the establishment year is essential for determining forage management strategies resilient to the changing climate. We conducted an experiment from 2020–2021 and repeated it in 2021–2022 to determine how warmer and more variable temperatures affect yield of an alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)–orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) mixture, as well as on the abundance of a winter annual weed, chickweed (Stellaria media), during the establishment year. We utilized open‐top chambers (OTCs) to manipulate air temperature in situ to impose three treatments: (1) constant warming (OTC present year‐round), (2) fluctuating warming (OTC present year‐round but temporarily removed prior to abrupt cold snaps), and (3) control (no OTC, ambient air temperature). OTCs increased air temperature within the alfalfa–orchardgrass canopy by an average of 0.45 and 0.72°C in Year 1 and Year 2, respectively; however, the effects of OTCs on air temperature varied temporally within and between years. Constant warming decreased alfalfa frost injury compared with the control, while the control and fluctuating warming resulted in similar levels of frost injury. Warmer temperature within the OTCs neither affected chickweed biomass nor the biomass of all other weed species. Both constant and fluctuating warming increased forage dry matter yield at the first harvest timepoint in the spring of both years, the period when preceding ambient air temperature tended to be cooler than other harvest timepoints. We found that the constant warming increased total forage yield (summed over the entire year) in Year 1, when precipitation was well above the 30‐year normal for our region, but decreased total forage yield in Year 2, when summer precipitation was substantially below the 30‐year normal. As global temperature continues to rise, yield loss of cool‐season perennial forages, such as alfalfa and orchardgrass, may be exacerbated in years without adequate precipitation. Therefore, exploring heat‐ and drought‐tolerant alternative forages, as well as management strategies that improve resilience to weather variability, will be increasingly important.
Unraveling community assembly in temperate desert ecosystems: Insights from multi‐seasonal surveys along the expressway
Authors: Li Shuai , Zhao Xiaolong , Liu Yiqin , Xu Yudan , Yang Mingyue , Dong Shikui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor temperate desert ecosystems, understanding the maintenance mechanisms of biodiversity has become a central concern of policymakers, practitioners, and academicians, especially in the context of human disturbances. However, most of the past desert research is based on a single survey and single functional traits or phylogeny, and may lead to incomplete estimates of community assembly. To assess climate factors, soil factors, and human interference in the processes of dispersal assembly, filtering, and limiting similarity in community assembly, we selected 50 sites along the Beijing‐Xinjiang Expressway and conducted plant surveys at sites 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 km away from the expressway twice, one in spring and one in autumn, and collected 31 functional traits and phylogenetic information of 74 species. We found that incomplete detection can lead to bias in biodiversity estimation due to seasonal surveys. Road disturbance at different distances had no significant effect on species composition and community assembly processes. The trade‐off between dispersal limitation and environmental filtering is the process of maintaining desert plant diversity. Precipitation directly determined the dispersal limitation and environmental filtering. Soil pH mediated the effect of temperature on biotic interaction in the dimension of phylogeny, while soil pH and organic carbon acted as intermediate factors affecting biotic interaction in functional traits. Our findings suggest that climate change, notably precipitation, has a more pronounced impact on desert plant communities than human disturbances. A multifaceted approach considering functional traits and phylogeny across seasons is essential for understanding species coexistence in desert ecosystems.
Similarity network aggregation for the analysis of glacier ecosystems
Authors: Ambrosini Roberto , Baccini Federica , Barabesi Lucio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of information deriving from complex networks is a topic receiving increasing relevance in ecology and environmental sciences. In particular, the aggregation of multilayer networks, that is, network structures formed by multiple interacting networks (the layers), constitutes a fast‐growing field. In several environmental applications, the layers of a multilayer network are modeled as a collection of similarity matrices describing how similar pairs of biological entities are, based on different types of features (e.g., biological traits). The present paper first discusses two main techniques for combining the multi‐layered information into a single network (the so‐called monoplex), that is, similarity network fusion and similarity matrix average (SMA). Then, the effectiveness of the two methods is tested on a real‐world dataset of the relative abundance of microbial species in the ecosystems of nine glaciers (four glaciers in the Alps and five in the Andes). A preliminary clustering analysis on the monoplexes obtained with different methods shows the emergence of a tightly connected community formed by species that are typical of cryoconite holes worldwide. Moreover, the weights assigned to different layers by the SMA algorithm suggest that two large South American glaciers (Exploradores and Perito Moreno) are structurally different from the smaller glaciers in both Europe and South America. Overall, these results highlight the importance of integration methods in the discovery of the underlying organizational structure of biological entities in multilayer ecological networks.
New approaches in pear preservation: Putrescine and modified atmosphere packaging applications to maintain fruit quality during cold storage
Authors: Ogurlu Ferhat , Kucuker Emine , Aglar Erdal , Kizgin Ozcengiz Ceyda , Uyak Cuneyt 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPear (P. communis L.), which is a climacteric fruit species, has a very short storage and shelf life, and significant losses occur due to high metabolic activity and the fruit's respiration rate after harvest. Therefore, preventing or reducing post‐harvest quality losses in pear is one of the most basic problems awaiting solution. In this study, we planned for this purpose; the fruits of the Ankara pear cultivar treated with modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), putrescine (1 mM), and MAP + putrescine were stored for 120 days at 1°C and 90 ± 5% relative humidity. The quality analyses and measurements, such as weight loss, decay rate, fruit firmness, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, organic acids, and specific phenolic compounds, were performed on the 30th, 60th, 90th, and 120th days. Weight loss and decay ratios were lower for putrescine and putrescine + MAP‐applied fruit. With these applications, the softening of the fruit was slowed down, and the increasing SSC in the fruit and the decreasing TA rates were lower, and thus the ripening of the fruit was delayed. Changes in individual phenolic content and organic acids were lower in MAP and putrescine‐applied fruit. The study revealed that MAP and putrescine applications in pear can be used effectively to maintain fruit quality after harvest.
The role of human agency in nurses' hopeful career state
Authors: Al Balushi Issa , Yoon Hyung Joon , Risch Tatum 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study explores the role of human agency in shaping the hopeful career state (HCS) of nurses in Oman during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Utilizing the enhanced critical incident technique (ECIT) and integrating Albert Bandura's three modes of agency (i.e., personal, proxy, and collective), this study aimed to identify helping and hindering factors affecting Omani nurses' HCS during the pandemic, while uncovering their wishes. Sixteen nurses from Oman's public healthcare sector were interviewed. The top three helping factors were family support (81.3%), support from leaders and senior colleagues (56.3%), and multidisciplinary team collaboration (43.8%). The most frequently reported hindering factors were lack of equipment, supplies, and infrastructure (100%), shortage of nurses (56.3%), and increased workload (50%). The top three wish‐list items included specialized hospitals for infectious diseases (62.5%), training and staff development (43.8%), and more nurses (31.3%). Through force‐field analysis, we delineated the agents and modes of agency at play, offering insights for targeted Human Resource Development (HRD) interventions. This study contributes to the HRD literature by illustrating the dynamic interplay of agency factors in crisis conditions. The findings highlight the need for HRD practitioners to develop multilevel interventions that foster personal, proxy, and collective agency to support healthcare workers' HCS during crises, providing a foundation for future strategies in healthcare and beyond.
Germline pathogenic variants in the MRE11, RAD50, and NBN (MRN) genes in cancer predisposition: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Stastna Barbora , Dolezalova Tatana , Matejkova Katerina , Nemcova Barbora , Zemankova Petra , Janatova Marketa , Kleiblova Petra , Soukupova Jana , Kleibl Zdenek 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe MRE11, RAD50, and NBN genes encode the MRN complex sensing DNA breaks and directing their repair. While carriers of biallelic germline pathogenic variants (gPV) develop rare chromosomal instability syndromes, the cancer risk in heterozygotes remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of 53 studies in patients with different cancer diagnoses to better understand the cancer risk. We found an increased risk (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval) for gPV carriers in NBN for melanoma (7.14; 3.30–15.43), pancreatic cancer (4.03; 2.14–7.58), hematological tumors (3.42; 1.14–10.22), and prostate cancer (2.44, 1.84–3.24), but a low risk for breast cancer (1.29; 1.00–1.66) and an insignificant risk for ovarian cancer (1.53; 0.76–3.09). We found no increased breast cancer risk in carriers of gPV in RAD50 (0.93; 0.74–1.16; except of c.687del carriers) and MRE11 (0.87; 0.66–1.13). The secondary burden analysis compared the frequencies of gPV in MRN genes in patients from 150 studies with those in the gnomAD database. In NBN gPV carriers, this analysis additionally showed a high risk for brain tumors (5.06; 2.39–9.52), a low risk for colorectal (1.64; 1.26–2.10) and hepatobiliary (2.16; 1.02–4.06) cancers, and no risk for endometrial, and gastric cancer. The secondary burden analysis showed also a moderate risk for ovarian cancer (3.00; 1.27–6.08) in MRE11 gPV carriers, and no risk for ovarian and hepatobiliary cancers in RAD50 gPV carriers. These findings provide a robust clinical evidence of cancer risks to guide personalized clinical management in heterozygous carriers of gPV in the MRE11, RAD50, and NBN genes.
Potential COVID‐19 remedies from repurposed drugs and herbal small RNAs
Authors: Yang Yang , Huang Fengming , Qiao Xiangyu , Chen Sheng , Zhang Cong , Deng Xingyu , Gu Wentao , Peng Ling , Cao Mengli , Jiang Jingmei , Gao George F. , Liu Yingxia , Jiang Chengyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo date, SARS‐CoV‐2 has caused millions of deaths, but the choice of treatment is limited. We previously established a platform for identifying Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved repurposed drugs for avian influenza A virus infections that could be used for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) treatment. In this study, we analyzed blood samples from two cohorts of 63 COVID‐19 patients, including 19 patients with severe disease. Among the 39 FDA‐approved drugs we identified for COVID‐19 therapy in both cohorts, 23 drugs were confirmed by literature mining data, including 14 drugs already under COVID‐19 clinical trials and 9 drugs reported for COVID‐19 treatments, suggesting the remaining 16 FDA‐approved drugs may be candidates for COVID‐19 therapy. Additionally, we previously reported that herbal small RNAs (sRNAs) could be effective components in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating COVID‐19. Based on the abundance of sRNAs, we screened the 245 TCMs in the Bencao (herbal) sRNA Atlas that we had previously established, and we found that the top 12 TCMs for COVID‐19 treatment was consistent across both cohorts. We validated the efficiency of the top 30 sRNAs from each of the top 3 TCMs for COVID‐19 treatment in poly(I:C)‐stimulated human non‐small cell lung cancer cells (A549 cells). In conclusion, our study recommends potential COVID‐19 remedies using FDA‐approved repurposed drugs and herbal sRNAs from TCMs.
How much is enough? The role of R&D investment in the innovation process
Authors: Ng Desmond , Sánchez‐Aragón Leonardo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhile both production function (PF) and Absorptive Capacity (AC) explanations have played an important role in explaining the relationship between a firm's Research and Development (R&D) and its innovation, each has developed independently of the contributions of the other. The purpose of this study is to theoretically and empirically develop a concept of AC that incorporates the role of diminishing returns and external spillovers (i.e., strategic alliances) into a biotechnology firm's R&D‐innovation process. In using count estimations, this study finds that a firm's R&D‐innovation process is subject to a nonlinear ‐U‐shaped‐ learning process and that this process is moderated by its strategic partnerships. The contribution of this study is that it challenges the linearity assumptions and findings of AC research and that it offers a greater openness to PF explanations of the R&D‐innovation process.
Automated structural repair based on continuous carbon fiber reinforced plastic 3D printing and online model reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Yan , Chen Jiayun , Chen Lei , Gao Dong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CCFRP) has gained increasing prominence in structural repair through material accumulation. However, the repairing process entails laborious preliminary tasks, such as positioning, model reconstruction, and data input. In this article, computer vision is integrated into a CCFRP 3D printing device and a printing path‐selecting strategy is proposed to automate the repair process with accuracy and efficiency. An irregularly damaged structure is placed arbitrarily on the printing platform. Subsequently, the damaged area is extracted by semantic segmentation to construct a 3D model. The printing paths including zig‐zag and contour offset infilling for an irregular damage area are selected, according to the prediction of flexural modulus based on the finite element method. Finally, an in‐situ composite printing is conducted based on coaxial extrusion principle. The results show that the intersection over union (IOU) of regular damaged areas by the applied pyramid scene parsing network (PSPNet) segmentation model is 0.81. Semantic segmentation is more robust than conventional feature extraction based on filtering methods. The appearance of the repaired structure is consistent with that of the surrounding structure. The combination of CV and additive manufacturing technology presents a new way to simplify the repair process and improve repair effects.Highlights
An automated repairing system for irregular damaged areas is established.
Deep learning for semantic segmentation is integrated into 3D printing.
Finite element submodule is introduced to select optimal printing paths.
The CCFRP 3D printing is introduced to surface defect repairing.