bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Sexual Behavior*
Authors: GREENBLATT ROBERT B. , LENG JEAN‐JOËL 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Among the many factors that shade and color the intensity and direction of human sexuality are gonadal integrity, chromosomal determinants, external genital adequacy, socio‐economic influences, endogenous and exogenous hormonal dependency, and possibly hypothalamic sensitization during fetal life. Neither gonads nor chromosomal sex decide the direction of overt sexual behavior. Libido, in great measure, is a chemical test‐tube equation. Testosterone is the hormone that intensifies sexual drive in both man and woman; it is particularly useful in restoring sexual drive in the woman who once knew, but has lost her libido. Testosterone in the adult female does not alter the direction of sexual behavior or amatory responsiveness. Age need not alter performance nor eliminate the satisfaction and pleasure that attend sexual gratification. Several illustrative cases are presented.
Determinants of Sexual Behavior in Middle and Old Age*
Authors: PFEIFFER ERIC , DAVIS GLENN C. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Data are presented regarding the determinants of sexual behavior in men and women aged 46 to 71 years. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were made, involving a variety of physical, psychologic and social measures as independent variables. The level of sexual functioning in younger years, the age and sex of the subject, as well as subjective and objective health ratings, each were found to make independent contributions to the total variance in sexual behavior. A much larger number of variables influenced sexual behavior in men than in women. In women relatively fewer variables — past sexual enjoyment, marital status, and age — were the most significant determinants. These data confirm previous observations that for women the presence of a sexually capable, socially sanctioned partner is a crucial determining influence. Some of the implications of these findings are discussed.
Emotional Factors Contributing to Facial Paralysis
Authors: GOLDBERG MELVIN J. , HARTE SAMUEL 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:In 7 of 44 patients, emotional trauma preceded the onset of facial paralysis. The changes in the facial nerve varied from physiological block to complete degeneration. Detailed historical reviews of the patients' emotional, vocational and marital backgrounds indicated basic inadequacies in their pre‐morbid personalities. All the patients appeared to have adjusted fairly well to their environment; yet, under intense emotional stress, each reacted in a similar manner. Severe anxiety, depression, and symptoms of hysteria were observed on psychological examination. The data suggest that a severe emotional crisis may be an etiological factor in facial paralysis.
Gallstone Ileus: Review of Forty Cases
Authors: SAFAIE‐SHIRAZI SIROOS , PRINTEN KENNETH J. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Forty cases of gallstone ileus are summarized in terms of incidence, physical findings and operative therapy. Vomiting with crampy abdominal pain was the chief complaint in the majority, and over half of the patients had a past history of cholecystitis or jaundice. Accuracy of preoperative diagnosis is increased if the physician has a high index of suspicion in the case of elderly patients with small‐bowel obstruction of obscure etiology. Gastrografin or barium upper‐gastrointestinal x‐ray examinations help to outline a cholecystoduodenal fistula or obstructive stone, especially in patients with a high small‐bowel obstruction. Discussion centers on three forms of surgical therapy: 1) enterotomy, 2) enterotomy with interval cholecystectomy and closure of the biliary‐enteric fistula, and 3) total one‐stage repair as an initial procedure. The data and observations confirm the opinion that enterotomy followed by an interval cholecystectomy, or selective total one‐stage repair of the cholecystoduodenal fistula with enterotomy, are the treatments of choice in patients with gallstone ileus.
Carcinomatous Meningitis, with Special Reference to Low Chloride Concentration in the Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: YAAR I. , HERISHANU Y. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Two patients with carcinomatous meningitis are reported. They had several clinical features in common. Special reference is made to low concentrations of chloride and sugar in the cerebrospinal fluid, and to generalized and localized epileptic attacks. The first patient was treated with nitrogen mustard, and the second underwent bilateral subtemporal decompression followed by cranial irradiation. The results were better than usual, since there was a relatively long survival period of approximately one year, and the second patient is still in satisfactory general condition. The diagnosis of carcinomatous meningitis is discussed.
The Many Faces of Carcinoma of the Pancreas: Case Report
Authors: JANA D. K. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:A 91‐year‐old woman was admitted to a mental hospital, with a primary psychiatric diagnosis. For two years she had had various abdominal complaints and anorexia, and finally had become “grossly disturbed.” However, the physical, radiological and laboratory findings were not conclusive, although a diagnosis of peptic ulcer was entertained at one time. She became almost completely withdrawn. There was no jaundice until shortly before death, which occurred after twelve weeks in the hospital. Autopsy revealed carcinoma of the head of the pancreas with extensive metastases. This case illustrates the difficulties in differential diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma, especially when several of the most common features are absent initially and when the picture is predominantly psychiatric.
A Community Home‐Care Program
Authors: LIBRACH GERSHON , DAVIDSON CLAIR , PERETZ ABRAHAM 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT: The experience of a centrally administered, neighborhood coordinated, home‐care program developed in Israel as an extension of a Health and Welfare Center for the Aged, is described. During the first two years 85 aged, most of them bedfast and home‐bound, were provided with a variety of services by the home‐care team, either directly or by drawing on the different community resources.Coordinated home‐care programs incorporating an interdisciplinary approach are a valuable and effective component in the community services required for the care of the chronically ill. Such services can help alleviate many of the hardships experienced by these patients and their families. Fewer of these patients need placement in long‐term care facilities, or else their placement can be postponed. The provision of continuity of care helps to reduce re‐admissions to general hospitals, and those admitted have shorter stays, thus permitting a higher patient turnover and better utilization of beds for the care of acute illnesses.
Comments on the Use of Anticoagulants in Geriatric Patients*
Authors: WRIGHT IRVING S. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Geriatric patients have a greater per capita need for anticoagulant therapy than do younger patients. They should not be deprived of this therapy when it is indicated, as it is often a life‐saving measure. When used in elderly patients, however, careful control and observation are essential.
Age As a Factor in the Referral and Treatment of Psychiatric Patients by Internists*
Authors: GARETZ FLOYD K. , GARETZ DIANE 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Questionnaires were completed by 153 internists concerning their referral and treatment of out‐patients showing psychologic disturbances. Internists reported that equal numbers of their younger and older patients had psychologic disturbances; in the light of other data, this suggests that such disorders are being overlooked in some older patients. The internists also indicated that they referred equal numbers of older patients and younger patients to psychiatric facilities. Some internists treated psychologic disturbances in younger and older patients to the same degree, whereas cardiologists tended to treat more of the older group, and nephrologists tended to treat more of the younger group.The age of the physician is an important factor in his practice. Older physicians saw more older than younger patients in their practice. Older internists with certain subspecialty interests perceived psychologic disturbances more often in older patients than in younger patients. Older cardiologists personally treated psychologic disturbances more often in older patients than in younger ones. Individual interests and personalities of the internists were factors in their referral and treatment practices. Some internists referred more patients with psychologic disturbances and others personally treated most of these cases, regardless of the age of the patient.
Aging and the Extrapyramidal System*
Authors: BARBEAU ANDRE 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:The role of the extrapyramidal system in the pathophysiology of aging is reviewed. The clinical, pathological and biochemical evidence points to the involvement of the basal ganglia in the development of senescence; also, the hypothalamus does not respond normally. Many endocrine functions decrease with advancing age, but senescence of the central nervous system precedes that of the endocrine organs. Aging can be considered as a failure in the homeostatic mechanism of the organism. This involves the autonomic nervous system and the neuroendocrine mechanisms in the hypothalamus. Aging of the diencephalon influences the aging process of the whole organism, and is manifested by slowness of movements, defects in speech, thinking and alertness, decreased sexual activity, and changes in the waking/sleep pattern.
Tranquilizing Deep Respiration Test in Essential Hypertension
Authors: FUJII SHIZUO 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:In 20 normal subjects, deep respiration in a quiet supine position lowered the systolic pressure by 3.8 ± 0.6 mm Hg and the diastolic pressure by 2.2 ± 0.5 mm Hg within one minute. In 15 patients with the fluctuating type of essential hypertension, systolic pressure fell by 45.0 ± 4.5 mm Hg and the diastolic pressure by 15.0 ± 1.3 mm Hg during the same procedure. In 15 patients with the fixed type of essential hypertension, the fall of systolic and diastolic pressure was significantly less than in patients with the fluctuating type. Simple plethysmography revealed a definite reduction of vascular resistance in patients with the fluctuating type of essential hypertension but not in those with other types of hypertension and in normal subjects. The deep respiration tests with its tranquilizing effect appears to be of value in demonstrating the neural‐vasomotor component in essential hypertension and in differentiating between the fluctuating and fixed types of the disease.
Fatal Septicemia Due to Providence Group Bacilli
Authors: MILSTOC MAYER , STEINBERG PHILIP 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:There has been an increase in the frequency and severity of infections due to Gram negative bacilli of the Providence group. Eight cases are presented in which these organisms caused septicemia; 6 of the 8 patients died. Infections with Providence bacilli are considered to be nosocomial or iatrogenic. The rapid appearance of resistant bacteria in this group requires more efficient therapeutic agents.
Common Symptoms and Complaints of the Elderly*
Authors: ECKSTEIN DAVID 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe chief complaints and symptoms of the elderly are discussed under the headings of organically based disorders (visual and auditory impairments, skeletal pain, osteoporosis, dermatologic lesions, disturbances of the urinary tract, heart, brain and digestive tract) and functional disorders (chiefly fatigue and insomnia). Sedatives and tranquilizers may eventually enhance rather than reduce fatigue and insomnia. Appropriate medical therapy is essential for acute illness and for relatively short chronic illness, but the beneficial influence of religious activity should not be overlooked. Most elderly people deserve our confidence and respect for the way in which they have passed the tests of life. Their complaints usually are valid and should be given compassionate and enlightened attention.
Prolongation of the Life Span in Rats
Authors: ODENS MAX 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTTo test the effect of RNA‐DNA in preventing the deleterious effects of old age, an experiment was conducted that involved 10 rats with a normal life span of 800–900 days. All were fed the same diet; 5 rats were not treated, and 5 were given weekly injections of DNA + RNA. After twelve weeks the difference in appearance, weight and alertness was remarkable. The 5 untreated rats died before 900 days. Of the treated rats, 4 died at ages of 1600–1900 days, and 1 at 2250 days. A parallel cannot be drawn with aging in human beings fed RNA‐DNA, but the findings on rats may have some application to cellular studies on cancer.
Evaluation of a Comprehensive Psychiatric and Health Care Program for Elderly Welfare Tenants in a Single‐Room Occupancy Hotel*
Authors: PLUTCHIK ROBERT , McCARTHY MARTIN , HALL BERNARD H. , SILVERBERG SHIRLEY 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThis report concerns the evaluation of a program for elderly welfare recipients and for patients discharged from state hospitals and sent to live in a single‐room occupancy hotel in New York City. Descriptions are given of: 1) the hotel, 2) the funding of the program and the staff, 3) the program and its various aspects, and 4) the objectives. The evaluation is based on the results of an intensive survey conducted for the period January‐June 1972. Of the 299 tenants, 181 provided the detailed information. About 87 per cent of the tenants (mean age, 59.1 years) were supported in full or in part by welfare; only 4 per cent were currently married; 18 per cent had some college experience; and the mean length of tenancy was about four years. There was a distinct increase each month in the tenants' use of medical, psychiatric, recreational and social services. Thus it is not always possible to plan the program requirements in advance because of abrupt situational changes.This hotel project is offered as a model for the development of a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation program for elderly welfare tenants and psychiatric patients living in urban hotels. The aim is to improve the quality of life for the tenants and to establish a sense of community and personal autonomy among them.
Hypernatremic Psychosis in the Elderly: Case Reports
Authors: JANA D. K. , ROMANO‐JANA L. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTHydropenia with hypertonicity and Hypernatremia may sometimes give rise to psychomotor restlessness and a confusional state in elderly patients. On admission to a mental hospital, a psychiatric diagnosis may be made and the hypernatremia overlooked. Four such cases are reported. On admission the patients were ambulatory. There were no localizing neurologic signs, no history of acute illness, and no sensation of excessive thirst. Blood studies revealed hypernatremia. With intravenous administration of hypotonic fluids, the confusional stage cleared up. As there was no evidence of primary cerebral, renal or endocrine lesions, apparently there was no primary derangement of the mechanisms for regulating sodium and water.
Serum Lipids, Serum Uric Acid and Glucose Tolerance in Coronary Heart Disease*
Authors: ARONOW WILBERT S. , UYEYAMA RONALD R. , CASSIDY JOHN 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTIn 100 patients (mean age, 51) with angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease (documented), determinations were made of the serum cholesterol, triglyceride and uric acid levels on two separate days at least two weeks apart; also (in the absence of fasting hyperglycemia) glucose tolerance tests were performed after oral administration of 100 gm of glucose. In 95 per cent of the 100 patients, the serum cholesterol level was above 200 mg/100 ml. In 51 per cent there was hypertriglyceridemia. In no patient was there hypertriglyceridemia in association with a serum cholesterol level below 200 mg/100 ml. Thirty‐five per cent of the 100 patients showed abnormal glucose tolerance. Eleven per cent of the 100 patients had hyperuricemia. An elevated concentration of serum cholesterol was the most common metabolic abnormality associated with angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease.
Long‐Term Results with Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs
Authors: MOSS JAMES M. , DeLAWTER DeWITT E. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTAn analysis was made of the records of 1,840 patients in whom diabetes started after the age of 35 and before the age of 70, and who were under the authors' care for from one to fifteen years. According to the predictions of life‐insurance tables, these patients lived longer than non‐diabetic patients. There was a significant decrease in longevity in those who had persistent hyperglycemia. The greatest increase in longevity occurred in those whose disease could be controlled by diet alone or with sulfonylurea drugs. There was less apparent benefit from phenformin or insulin in this respect. In comparison, the findings of the University Group Diabetes Program are discussed in some detail. The authors' data indicate that, in the treatment of diabetes, sulfonylurea drugs have a beneficial effect upon longevity when they are used properly.
Elderly Women in Institutions versus Those in Public Housing: Comparison of Personal and Social Adjustments
Authors: ABDO EDMUND , DILLS JOSEPH , SHECTMAN HARRIET , YANISH MARY 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTAn investigation was made of the comparative effects of living in urban public housing or a suburban nursing home upon the personal and social adjustment of elderly women. Structured personal interviews were held with 20 residents in each setting. The Kutner Morale scale and a Socialness scale designed for this study were used. The findings indicated that there existed: 1) a statistically significant difference in the personal and social adjustments between the two populations, with the public‐housing elderly achieving higher mean scores; 2) a significant relationship between the personal and social adjustment of individuals within each residential setting; and 3) a strong positive relationship between health and social adjustment in the public‐housing population. It was tentatively concluded that the female elderly in public housing showed higher adjustment than did the female elderly in the nursing home. Factors which may have influenced these findings were the nursing home's comparative lack of privacy, independence of action and nearness to friends, relatives and the community. It is recommended that future research in this area be carried out for the aged in all types of residence.
Medicine in Modern China*
Authors: CHENG TSUNG O. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe Chinese‐born author gives an illustrated account of his visit to China in 1972, twenty‐two years after he left that country in 1950. For the first time in her history China appears to be self‐sufficient in taking care of the medical needs of her people. Among the many medical developments are the revitalization of traditional medicine, the emergence of “barefoot” doctors, the synthesis of insulin, the successful rejoining of severed limbs and fingers, family planning, the management of extensive burns, the successful treatment of choriocarcinoma by chemotherapy, and acupunctural anesthesia. Of great significance is the apparent increase of coronary artery disease among the Chinese. Whether the increased incidence is relative due to more accurate diagnosis and longer life expectancy, or absolute due to better nutrition and perhaps over‐eating, is not yet certain. In contrast, the incidence of lung cancer has not shown an increase despite the prevalence of cigarette smoking among the Chinese. Cancer is one of the major killers; a constant campaign is waged for the early discovery of malignant tumors. Despite the twenty‐three years of isolation, medicine in China is as modern as that in the United States, and physicians still speak the same language.
Geriatrics and Gerontology in Medical Education*
Authors: BAYNE J. R. D. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Despite exhortations in the geriatric literature, medical faculties have not included geriatric medicine in curricula to any significant extent. The establishment of professorships in geriatrics in a few medical schools may have had some local effect but has not spread widely. Rather than continue the exhortations, the explanation for this recalcitrance should be sought and new approaches tried. Recently the trend in medical teaching has been away from didactic lectures and towards student self‐teaching, with earlier specialization including family medicine. Should Geriatrics be identified at an early stage of students' training with a view to producing a small number of geriatric specialists, or should the principles, attitudes and relevant information about the aging process, preventive and preservative measures and management be identified and promulgated by many teachers in different ways? The latter approach is being followed at McMaster Health Science Division and the teaching program is being developed in cooperation with other members of the faculty. This is appropriate to that system which emphasizes self‐teaching, problem solving and small‐group learning without lectures and without formal examinations, but could perhaps be adapted to any system and be better accepted in current teaching philosophy.
Experiences with the Repair of Groin Hernia in 200 Patients Aged 70 or Older*
Authors: PONKA JOSEPH L. , BRUSH BROCK E. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT: A survey was made of the records of 200 patients (158 men and 42 women) aged 70 or older who had undergone repair of groin hernias. In the aged women, femoral hernias were the most common; indirect hernias were seen much less frequently, and there were no direct hernias. In the aged men, large indirect sliding inguinal hernias and simple indirect inguinal hernias were the most common; direct inguinal hernias were seen less frequently than expected. The most serious and easily overlooked complication of hernia, particularly in old women, is bowel strangulation in association with femoral hernia. The operative procedures were individualized and varied. Local anesthesia was used for all poor‐risk patients and was the method of choice in 185 of the 200 patients. A 1% solution of chlorprocaine was the preferred anesthetic agent.The important complications included wound infection in 7 cases and seroma in 7 cases; infection occurred most frequently in association with gangrenous bowel in the hernial sac. As would be expected, urinary‐tract complications were common since nearly half of the men had benign prostatic hypertrophy. One death occurred in the immediate operative period (third postoperative day) from a cerebrovascular accident. Other deaths after postoperative intervals ranging up to fifteen years were caused by concurrent diseases and seemed unrelated to the hernial operation. The postoperative recurrence rate for hernia was 2 per cent. Surgical repair of groin hernia in aged patients can improve the quality of their lives, and in certain cases (e.g., bowel strangulation) can be a life‐saving measure.