bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Мacrophyte thickets as traps for microplastics: retention rates and mechanisms
Authors: Kazmiruk Vasily D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The aim of this work was to examine the causes and mechanisms by which plastic microparticles that have entered a water body are trapped in macrophyte thickets. The retention rate of plastic microparticles by macrophytes depends on the material of their origin; particle hardness, size, and concentration; the material density; and the morphological and ecological characteristics of the plants. For various species of macrophytes, the retention rate of microparticles in the size range of 1–5 mm ranges from 22 to 100%. The appearance of additional resistance to the movement of water and air masses promotes slowing of the movement of microparticles, their sedimentation and their retention by plants. Decreasing the kinetic energy of wind waves and raindrops via thickets of macrophytes prevents the repeated movement of already trapped microparticles. Mechanical retention of plastic microparticles occurs as a result of irregularities in the structure of plants, sieve-like structures made of interweaving stems and leaves, the bulk of plant litter, and the adhesion of plant surfaces and microparticles, which is enhanced by the sticky surfaces of the periphyton. The attraction and adhesion of plastic microparticles to plants and to each other occur as a result of the interaction of electric fields.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of the Vermillion Snapper (Rhomboplites aurorubens)
Authors: Roa-Varón A. , Moulos P. , Harter S. , David A , Quattrini A.M. , Herrera S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Vermillion Snapper (Rhomboplites aurorubens, Lutjanidae) inhabits deep waters (20-300 m) from North America through Brazil, sustaining significant commercial and recreational fisheries. Despite its economic importance, knowledge of its biology is limited. Classified as Vulnerable on the Red List due to overfishing, populations have declined by over 30% in recent generations. We assembled and annotated the first chromosome-scale genome of this species by combining PacBio long reads, Illumina short reads, and Hi-C data. The resulting assembly is 987.5 Mbp, with a scaffold N50 size of 41.3 Mbp, and 135 contigs clustered and ordered onto 24 chromosomes with 34,496 predicted genes. The high-quality assembly and annotation contained 98% complete and single-copy BUSCO genes. This is the most complete, chromosome-level genome assembly of an Atlantic snapper to date. The Vermillion Snapper genome assembly and its supporting data are valuable tools for ecological and comparative genomics studies of snappers and other valuable commercial species within the family.
Pre-existing H1N1 immunity reduces severe disease with cattle H5N1 influenza virus
Authors: Lakdawala Seema , Sage Valerie Le , Werner Bailee , Merrbach Grace , Petnuch Sarah , O’Connell Aoife , Reed Douglas , Moncla Louise , Crossland Nicholas , McElroy Anita , Duprex William 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The emergence of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in dairy cattle herds across the United States has caused multiple mild human infections. There is an urgent need to understand the risk of spillover into humans. Here we show that pre-existing immunity from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus provided protection from mortality and severe disease to ferrets intranasally infected with bovine H5N1. Additionally, a differential tissue tropism was observed with little dissemination to organs outside the respiratory tract in H1N1 immune ferrets and significantly less bovine H5N1 virus was found in nasal secretions and the respiratory tract. Taken together, these results suggest that mild disease in humans may be linked to prior immunity to human seasonal influenza viruses.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Coliform Bacteria and Antibiotic Resistance in Mastitic Cow Milk in Ethiopia
Authors: Fenta Melkie Dagnaw , Mebratu Atsede Solomon , Getahun Melaku , Kinde Mebrie Zemene 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Methods
The primary databases employed were Google, Google Scholar, HINARI, Web of Science, and PubMed. The quality assessment was performed using the AMSTAR-2 tool. The pooled proportion, the rate of resistance, and a 95% confidence interval were calculated with a random effects model using R software version 4.1.3. Funnel plots, and Eggers were used to assess publication bias.
Results
Twenty six articles were included for this meta-analysis. The overall pooled proportion of mastitis associated coliform bacteria was 9% (95% CI: 7-11.65%).Substantial heterogeneity was observed in included studies (I2 = 90.6%; P<0.01).Among the major coliform bactera, Eshercia spp had the highest pooled prevalence at 12%, followed by Enterobacter spp at 8%, and Klebsiella spp at 6%. Sub-analysis by level of mastitis, the proportion of occurrence of coliforms isolates was higher 24% (15–37%) compare with subclinical bovine mastitis 15% (10–22%). The subgroup of subgroup analysis of studies under clinical mastitis, Escherichia isolstes was highest proportion (14%), followed Enterobacter spp (9%) and Klebsiella spp (7%) while in subclinical masttis Escherichia was highest proportion (10%), and followed by Klebsiella spp (7%) and Enterobacter spp (5%). In study region, the highest proportion was reported in Somali (53%), followed by Tigray (18%), Amhara (11%), Oromia (9%), SNNPR (8%), AA (7%) and Sidama (6%). Erythromycin (82%) and pencillin (81%) were the higest resistance rate for the treatment of mastitis associated Eshercia spp. The resistance rate of Kelbesila spp for aminoglycoside, sulphonamides, beta-lactm, chloramphenicol and tetracycline was 60%, 49%, 43%, 35% and 22%, respectively. In the present meta-analysis, Escherichia isolates were identified as the most common coliforms in intramammary gland infections. The current investigation supports the claim that cow milk can be considered a significant source of Escherichia spp. The study found that the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia spp could pose a severe risk to consumers in Ethiopia, emphasizing the importance of strict surveillance and the implementation of effective hygiene measures in dairy farms and milk production.
Performance of softwood plantation sawmills: the volume vs. value sawing strategy
Authors: Ngobi John , Kambugu Robert Kyeyune , Mugabi Paul , Banana Abwoli Yabezi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Sawmill performance is anchored on three indicators: timber volume recovery, timber value recovery and log throughput. Traditionally, sawyers use the volume sawing strategy aimed at maximizing timber volume recovery. The question is, does the volume sawing strategy result into better performance or an alternative strategy or a hybrid of strategies would yield better results. To answer this question, this study determined timber volume and timber value recovery under the volume and value sawing strategy. Data were collected from logs randomly selected from four sawmills and grouped using cluster analysis. PHP programming language was used to determine sawing patterns that maximized timber volume and/or value from each log. The difference in timber volume and value recovery between the volume and value sawing strategy was tested using a paired t-test at 5% significance level. The value sawing strategy yielded significantly (p < 0.05) higher timber volume than the value sawing strategy except for in smaller logs (10-20cm). Timber value recovery was significantly higher (p < 0.05) under the value sawing strategy than volume sawing strategy for all log sizes. Mean reduction in timber volume recovery was 2% whereas the increment in timber value recovery was 12% under the value sawing strategy. Adoption of the value sawing strategy by the sawmills was recommended since it indicated a potential for improved sawmill profitability.
Optimization of the direct synthesis of hydroxyapatite from aquaculture wastewater using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Rasdei Siti Solihah , Yatim Norhafiza Ilyana , Ali Nora'aini , Kasan Nor Azman 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The utilization of phosphorus-rich aquaculture wastewater (AQW) offers a promising avenue for the recovery of valuable compounds, particularly hydroxyapatite (HAp) materials. The aim of this study was to use Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to explore the potential of recycling AQW directly to produce HAp compounds due to its considerable commercial value. Using the Central Composite Design (CCD) within the RSM, about three parameters, such as pH (between 9 and 11), contact time (between 36 and 60 h), and stirring rate (between 120 and 240 rpm) were optimized. The response of the CCD, crystallinity, was evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The optimized conditions, pH of 10, contact time of 48 h, and stirring rate of 180 rpm resulted in HAp crystals characterized according to the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standard, JCPDS (9,003,549), with a crystallite size of 23.6 nm. Remarkably, about 89.97% of the phosphate was removed from the AQW under these conditions, emphasizing the potential of this approach to reduce waste while producing a commercially viable product. The study highlights the viability of developing a zero-waste industry, and the utilization of calcium apatite-based products derived from AQW offers a promising socio-economic strategy for the future.
Literature-based Survey of Medicinal Plants Since 1900: A Case Study to Treat Cancer in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Khan Asif , Khan Ajmal , Murad Waheed , Ahsan  halim Sobia , Ahmad Jan Hammad , Al-Broumi Mohammed , Al-Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

Ethnopharmacological Relevance:
Due to the high prevalence of cancer, researchers
for the past decades have made considerable efforts for its management and treatment. Medicinal
plants have always been exploited to discover novel anticancer agents. Oman’s huge biodiversity
has created a rich source of traditional medicine.

Objective:
The current survey has aimed to document the traditionally used medicinal plants of
Oman and their therapeutic role in the treatment of cancer.

Material method:
This study comprises of literature-based survey through different databases,
including Google, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer Link, BioMed
Central and PubMed.

Results:
The current review revealed a total of 57 plant species that belong to 35 families that
are used in the treatment of cancer in Oman. Most documented plants belong to Solanaceae (6
sp.), Apocyanaceae (5 sp.) and Lamiaceae (4 sp.). The literature reveals that the residents of the
area mostly use leaves (38.5%) and prepare their recipes in the form of decoction (40.3%).
Moreover, herbs are the most dominant life form (43.85%). Among all forms of cancer in
Oman, breast (47%), wound (26), and lung cancer (0.5%) were found dominantly. A literature
study confirmed that the medicinal plants used for cancer in Oman are rich in phytochemicals
such as quercetin, allicin, coumarin, alliin, kaempferol, solamargine, rutin, lupeol, ursolic acid
and luteolin that have shown significant biological activities including anti-cancer potential. It
reflects the efficacy of these plants to be used as a medicine in clinical trials. Among all, Boswellia
sacra Flueck. is of key importance due to the presence Boswellic acid being used for the
treatment of different types of cancer.

Conclusion:
The residents of Oman have great knowledge about the traditional use of medicinal
plants for the treatment of various diseases like cancer. The therapeutic potential and physiological
efficacy of Omani medicinal plants should be further explored at a molecular level via in vivo
and in vitro experiments.
Perceived Burden and Quality of Life in Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Al-Awad Feras 
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims
Family Caregivers (FCGs) of patients with schizophrenia (PwS) may face unanticipated sources of stress and responsibility, which can negatively impact their quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to assess FCGs' QoL and the impact of clinical characteristics of patients and sociodemographic factors on their QoL.

Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study surveyed 340 FCGs from outpatient clinics of PwS in two large psychiatric hospitals in Saudi Arabia's eastern province using a convenience sampling approach. We used the Adult Carer Quality of Life (AC-QoL) scale, which has eight subscales and 40 items, to assess QoL. AC-QoL is translated into Arabic in this study.

Results
The study included 216 FCGs, with 127 (58.8%) being men, 117 (54.2%) being over 45 years old, 91 (42.1%) being a sibling of a PwS, and 82 (38%) being a parent of a PwS. The mean score in our sample was 78.2 ± 21.24 out of 120, indicating mid-range QoL. Lower QoL was associated with more time spent in caregiving per day, a lower educational level of FCG, and recent admission of PwS to an inpatient unit.

Conclusion
PwS FCGs have a mid-range QoL. FCGs reported a moderate financial burden and low levels of support from healthcare professionals. FCG's QoL and stress can be reduced through healthcare providers, participation in a community support group, and addressing an FCG's in an individual setting.
Pengaruh Media Crossword Puzzle dalam Pembelajaran Discovery terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Materi Kesetimbangan Kimia
Authors: Ilaa Bi' Aqilah Amaliyah , Auliah Army , Jusniar Jusniar 
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh media Crossword Puzzle dalam Model Discovery Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas XI SMAN 9 Makassar pada materi pokok Kesetimbangan Kimia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasi Experiment dengan desain Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Adapun sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI Kimia 1 dengan jumlah 22 orang dan kelas XI Kimia 3 dengan jumlah 22 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada dua yakni, lembar penilaian kemampuan berpikir kritis pada proses pembelajaran dan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil perhitungan dari Uji Oneway-Anova menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics 23, menunjukkan nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,002 < 0,05 maka H0 ditolak H1 diterima yang artinya ada pengaruh media Crossword Puzzle dalam model Discovery Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas XI SMAN 9 Makassar. Selain itu rata-rata persentase nilai Gain kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kelompok eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol, adapun rata-rata persentase pada kelompok eksperimen sebesar 40,9 dan rata-rata persentase pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 37,18.
Effect of Radiotherapy on the Adhesive Interface of Caries-affected Dentin and Bioactive Restorations: A Micro-CT Analysis
Authors: Köse LK , Oglakci B , Özduman ZC , Akdur K , Mayadağlı A , Arhun N 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARY

Purpose:
This study aimed to analyze the presence of defects within the adhesive interface formed with five bioactive dental materials and caries-affected dentin concerning the timing of radiotherapy (before or after the restorative procedures) by micro-CT.

Methods and Materials:
A total of 96 carious human molars were randomly allocated into the following groups based on the timing of the radiotherapy sequence: radiotherapy followed by restoration (RT1) or restoration followed by radiotherapy (RT2). Then, six subgroups were established within these groups based on the type of materials used (n=8). Following cavity preparation and caries removal, a universal adhesive (G-Premio Bond) was administered in self-etch mode or accompanied by applying suitable cavity conditioners according to the manufacturers’ guidelines. Subsequently, restorations were performed using five bioactive restorative materials (resin-modified glass-ionomer [Fuji II LC], high-viscosity glass-ionomer hybrid [EQUIA Forte HT], giomer [Beautifil II], alkasite [Cention N], and dual-cure bulk-fill composite [Activa Bioactive Restorative]) and a conventional microhybrid resin composite (Filtek Z250). The radiotherapy regimen encompassed 60 Grays (Gy) administered at a rate of 2 Gy/day over 6 weeks, 5 days a week. Micro-CT analysis was employed to assess adhesive defects at the interface between caries-affected dentin and the restorations. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Dunn tests (α=0.05).

Results:
RT2 caused significantly higher adhesive defects than RT1 for the Filtek Z250 and Activa Bioactive Restorative subgroups (p&lt;0.05). For RT1, no significant differences were found in adhesive defects among all tested subgroups (p&gt;0.05). By contrast, for RT2, adhesive defects were significantly higher for the Activa Bioactive Restorative and Cention N subgroups than for the EQUIA Forte HT and Beautifil II subgroups (p&lt;0.05).

Conclusions:
When using most bioactive restorative materials, the timing of radiotherapy had no significant influence on the adhesive interface. Regarding restoration following a radiotherapy protocol, a favorable impact was identified with high-viscosity glass ionomer hybrid cement and giomer bioactive restorations compared with dual-cure bioactive bulk-fill composite and alkasite restorations.
Pengaruh Upah Minimum, Inflasi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja di Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Nofrita Cahyanda , Marwan Marwan 
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study for knows does the minimum wage, inflation and economic growth have a significant effect on labor absorption in West Sumatera Province. This type of research of descriptive and associative with a quantitative approach. the data used is secondary data from 1990-2020. Data collection was carried out using documentation techniques obtained from the BPS. This study uses the SPSS 16.0 application with multiple regression analysis techniques and this model is free from classical assumption. The research result obtained are (1) Together minimum wage, inflation and economic growth significant effect on labor absorption in West Sumatera Province. (2) In the minimum wage the value of t-count > t-table which means that the minimum wage significant effect on labor absorption in West Sumatera Province. (3) Inflation the value of t-count < t-table which means that the inflation insignificant effect on labor absorption in West Sumatera Province. (4) economic growth the value of t-count < t-table which means that the economic growth insignificant effect on labor absorption in West Sumatera Province.
IMPLEMENTASI JURIMETRI OLEH HAKIM DALAM PERKARA PEMBAGIAN HARTA BERSAMA
Authors: M. Y. Khaerul Umam  , Musakkir  , Marwah  
Published: August 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana penerapan jurimetri dalam penentuan pembagian harta Bersama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian hukum ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris dilakukan dengan penelitian lapangan untuk memperoleh data primer yakni mengenai penerapan jurimetri dalam penentuan pembagian harta bersama serta melakukan wawancara terhadap beberapa narasumber yang telah ditentukan. Data penelitian kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif-kualitatif yakni memberikan gambaran atas subjek dan objek penelitian. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian atas uraian teoritis dan pandangan ataupun argumentasi hukum dari narasumber kemudian ditelaah untuk memperoleh kesimpulan yang secara logis, sistematis, dan komprehensif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Penerapan jurimetri dalam penentuan pembagian harta bersama merupakan suatu konsep yang ingin mendekatkan perbedaan-perbedaan tafsir mengenai ukuran suatu keadilan yang dapat ditelaah dan disimpulkan berdasarkan metode penyelidikan ilmiah. Jurimetri telah menghadirkan suatu analisis hukum yang berbasis data-data empiris yang dianggap lebih objektif dan teruji. Dalam pengambilan keputusan oleh majelis hakim dalam menangani perkara, mendorong terciptanya putusan-putusan pengadilan yang konsisten, dapat diprediksi, dan merepresentasikan keadilan secara berimbang dan terukur. Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Jurimetri, Harta Bersama
Abstract
This study aims to know how to apply jurimetrics in determining the distribution of joint asset.
The method used in this legal research is empirical legal research conducted by field research to obtain primary data, which is the application of jurimetrics in determining the distribution of joint assets and conducting interviews with several appointed sources. The research data was then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively, which described the research's subject and object. The data obtained by the results of research on theoretical descriptions and opinions or legal arguments from sources are then studied to have logical, systematic, and comprehensive conclusions. The results of the study indicate that. The application of jurimetrics in determining the distribution of joint assets is a concept that wants to unite differences in interpretations of the measure of justice that can be studied and concluded based on the method of scientific investigation. Jurimetrics has presented a legal analysis based on empirical data which is considered more objective and tested. In making decisions by the panel of judges, and in handling cases, Jurimetrics encourages the creation of court decisions that are consistent, predictable, and represent justice in a balanced and measurable manner.
Keywords: Implementation, Jurimenriscs, Joint Assets