bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Sudden Cardiac Death in a Young Active Population
Authors: Farioli Andrea , Christophi Costas A. , Quarta Candida Cristina , Kales Stefanos N. 
Published: June 2015

Background

Little is known about the burden of sudden cardiac death (
SCD
) among active, presumably healthy persons. We investigated the incidence of
SCD
among
US
male career firefighters.

Methods and Results

All on‐duty
SCDs
among
US
male career firefighters between 1998 and 2012 were identified from the
US
Fire Administration and the
US
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health databases. Age‐specific incidence rates (
IRs
) of
SCD
with 95%
CI
s were computed. A joinpoint model was fitted to analyze the trend in
IR
and to help estimate the annual percentage change of
SCD
rates over the years. The effects of seasonality were assessed through a Poisson regression model. We identified 182
SCD
s; based on 99 available autopsy reports, the leading underlying cause of death was coronary heart disease (79%). The overall
IR
was 18.1
SCDs
per 100 000 person‐years. The age‐specific
IR
s of
SCD
ranged between 3.8 (for those aged 18 to 24 years) and 45.2 (for those aged 55 to 64 years) per 100 000 person‐years. The annual rate of
SCD
steadily declined over time (annual percentage change −3.9%, 95%
CI
−5.8 to −2.0).
SCD
events were more frequent during January (peak‐to‐low ratio 1.70; 95%
CI
1.09 to 2.65). In addition, the
IR
was 3 times higher during high‐risk duties compared with low‐risk duties.
IR
s among firefighters were lower than those observed among the
US
general population and
US
military personnel.

Conclusions

SCD
risk in this active working population is overestimated using statistics from the general population. To address public health questions among these subpopulations, more specific studies of active adults should be conducted.
The Information Content of Pore Fluid δ18O and [Cl−]
Authors: Miller Madeline D. , Simons Mark , Adkins Jess F. , Minson Sarah E. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPaleoceanographic proxies indicate that the ocean state during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) differed from the modern ocean state. Depth profiles of ocean sediment pore fluid δ18O and [Cl−] have been used to reconstruct the δ18O and salinity at the LGM. Here, it is investigated whether pore fluid profiles can constrain ocean δ18O and salinity at other times and, simultaneously, their ability to constrain the LGM δ18O and salinity. An inverse framework is developed that relies on Bayesian parameter estimation, thus allowing formal separation of prior assumptions from the information in observations. Synthetic problems are used to explore the information about past ocean tracers that can be recovered from pore fluid profiles. It is concluded that prior knowledge of deep ocean mixing time scales is essential to an accurate inverse estimate of LGM ocean salinity and δ18O from modern pore fluid profiles. The most recent 10 000 years of ocean salinity and δ18O and the error in their estimates are better constrained by the pore fluid profiles than are the LGM values. The inverse estimate of salinity and δ18O is strongly correlated with the estimate of diffusivity of oxygen isotopes and [Cl−] in sediment pore fluids. Uncertainty on the diffusivity of oxygen isotopes and chloride in sediments is reduced through inversion of the pore fluid profiles, but simultaneous estimation of δ18O or salinity and diffusivity increases the total uncertainty. The error reported in previous work may underestimate the true uncertainty of LGM deep ocean salinity and δ18O.
Frequency-Based Correction of Finescale Parameterization of Turbulent Dissipation in the Deep Ocean
Authors: Ijichi Takashi , Hibiya Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAmong the existing finescale parameterizations of turbulent dissipation rates, the Gregg–Henyey–Polzin (GHP) parameterization is thought to produce the most accurate estimates of turbulent dissipation rates since it takes into account distortions from the Garrett–Munk (GM) spectrum using the shear/strain ratio . The GHP parameterization, however, applies the single-wave approximation to infer turbulent dissipation rates in broadband internal wave spectra with a multiplication factor up to 3, so as to adjust the predicted value at to the theoretical value for the GM spectrum. Because of this multiplication, the GHP parameterization overestimates the dissipation rates for . This study explores the possibility of further improvements of the GHP parameterization and reformulates the parameterization to make it applicable to both 1) a narrowband frequency spectrum characterized by a prominent near-inertial peak () and 2) a broadband frequency spectrum like the GM (). Furthermore, the performance of the modified parameterization is assessed in comparison with the GHP parameterization using the available microstructure data obtained near prominent topographic features in the North Pacific.
An In Vitro Comparison of the Incorporation, Growth, and Chondrogenic Potential of Human Bone Marrow versus Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Clinically Relevant Cell Scaffolds Used for Cartilage Repair
Authors: Kohli Nupur , Wright Karina T. , Sammons Rachel L. , Jeys Lee , Snow Martyn , Johnson William E. B. 
Published: June 2015

Aim To compare the incorporation, growth, and chondrogenic potential of bone marrow (BM) and adipose tissue (AT) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in scaffolds used for cartilage repair. Methods Human BM and AT MSCs were isolated, culture expanded, and characterised using standard protocols, then seeded into 2 different scaffolds, Chondro-Gide or Alpha Chondro Shield. Cell adhesion, incorporation, and viable cell growth were assessed microscopically and following calcein AM/ethidium homodimer (Live/Dead) staining. Cell-seeded scaffolds were treated with chondrogenic inducers for 28 days. Extracellular matrix deposition and soluble glycosaminoglycan (GAG) release into the culture medium was measured at day 28 by histology/immunohistochemistry and dimethylmethylene blue assay, respectively. Results A greater number of viable MSCs from either source adhered and incorporated into Chondro-Gide than into Alpha Chondro Shield. In both cell scaffolds, this incorporation represented less than 2% of the cells that were seeded. There was a marked proliferation of BM MSCs, but not AT MSCs, in Chondro-Gide. MSCs from both sources underwent chondrogenic differentiation following induction. However, cartilaginous extracellular matrix deposition was most marked in Chondro-Gide seeded with BM MSCs. Soluble GAG secretion increased in chondrogenic versus control conditions. There was no marked difference in GAG secretion by MSCs from either cell source. Conclusion Chondro-Gide and Alpha Chondro Shield were permissive to the incorporation and chondrogenic differentiation of human BM and AT MSCs. Chondro-Gide seeded with BM MSCs demonstrated the greatest increase in MSC number and deposition of a cartilaginous tissue.
Drosophila Imp iCLIP identifies an RNA assemblage coordinating F-actin formation
Authors: Hansen Heidi Theil , Rasmussen Simon Horskjær , Adolph Sidsel Kramshøj , Plass Mireya , Krogh Anders , Sanford Jeremy , Nielsen Finn Cilius , Christiansen Jan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Background
Post-transcriptional RNA regulons ensure coordinated expression of monocistronic mRNAs encoding functionally related proteins. In this study, we employ a combination of RIP-seq and short- and long-wave individual-nucleotide resolution crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (iCLIP) technologies in Drosophila cells to identify transcripts associated with cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) containing the RNA-binding protein Imp.

Results
We find extensive binding of Imp to 3′ UTRs of transcripts that are involved in F-actin formation. A common denominator of the RNA–protein interface is the presence of multiple motifs with a central UA-rich element flanked by CA-rich elements. Experiments in single cells and intact flies reveal compromised actin cytoskeletal dynamics associated with low Imp levels. The former shows reduced F-actin formation and the latter exhibits abnormal neuronal patterning. This demonstrates a physiological significance of the defined RNA regulon.

Conclusions
Our data imply that Drosophila Imp RNPs may function as cytoplasmic mRNA assemblages that encode proteins which participate in actin cytoskeletal remodeling. Thus, they may facilitate coordinated protein expression in sub-cytoplasmic locations such as growth cones.
Anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic effects of Pinus eldarica Medw. nut in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
Authors: Huseini Hasan Fallah , Anvari Maryam Sotoudeh , khoob Yaser Tajallizadeh , Rabbani Shahram , Sharifi Farshad , Arzaghi Seyed Masoud , Fakhrzadeh Hossein 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
Previous studies suggest that chemical constituents present in Pinus eldarica Medw (P. eldarica) nut possess antioxidant properties that may positively influence lipid profile.
The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of P. eldarica nut on the experimental atherosclerosis development in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

Methods
Forty male 6 months old white New Zealand rabbits (1.8–2 kg) were randomly assigned into five equal groups. One group was kept as control (normal) group, fed on standard rabbit diet and other 4 groups were fed on high cholesterol diet (HCD). Out of four HCD groups one group was kept as control (HCD) and other three groups were treated with different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) of P. eldarica nut for 8 weeks. Percentage of aortic wall area changes as indication of atherosclerosis development and fasting blood cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels were determined in all groups.

Results
The results indicate that fasting blood cholesterol and aortic atherosclerotic involvements in 200 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day P. eldarica nut extract treated groups significantly decreased as compared to the high cholesterol-diet control group.

Conclusion

P. eldarica nut lowers blood cholesterol level and aortic atherosclerotic involvement in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
‘The governance of local infrastructure funding and financing’
Authors: O’Brien Peter , Pike Andy 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe governance of infrastructure financing at the city and city-region scales is critical to the search for new and innovative funding mechanisms for infrastructure systems. The global financial crisis and economic downturn have focused attention on the role of infrastructure renewal and development in economic recovery and stimulus. Austerity and the fiscal consolidation of public finances have reinforced government efforts to reduce expenditure and debt, and secure private sector engagement and resources. Local actors in cities and city-regions have been compelled into finding new sources of private and even international capital, developing innovative business models for infrastructure provision and establishing new institutional and governance arrangements. This article analyses the context and emergent infrastructure funding and financing approaches, models and practices being formulated as part of a review of the City Deals in the UK. The experience of the City Deals raises critical questions about the emergent and recombinant forms of urban leadership and governance in cities and city-regions and the nature of centre-local relationships in the austerity state.
Thyroid Status, Cardiac Function, and Mortality in Patients With Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Wenyao , Guan Haixia , Gerdes A. Martin , Iervasi Giorgio , Yang Yuejin , Tang Yi-Da 
Published: June 2015

Context:Previous studies claiming a relationship between thyroid dysfunction and poor prognosis of heart failure (HF) had a major limitation in that they included patients with different etiologies.Objective:With complete information of thyroid function profile from 458 consecutive patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, we tested the hypothesis that thyroid status can independently influence mortality in patients with HF.Design, Patients, and Outcome Measure:The original cohort consisted of 572 consecutive patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, and 458 patients remained at the end of follow-up. All patients took thyroid function tests and other regular examinations in hospital. The risk of mortality was evaluated based on free T3, TSH, and the whole thyroid function profile, respectively.Results:The most frequent thyroid dysfunction was subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 41), followed by subclinical hyperthyroidism (n = 35), low-T3 syndrome (n = 17), and hypothyroidism (n = 12). Logistic analysis showed log-TSH and free T3 as independent predictors of exacerbated cardiac function (New York Heart Association stages III–IV vs New York Heart Association stages I–II). During the follow-up (17 ± 8 mo), 111 cumulative deaths occurred. Hypothyroidism was the strongest predictor of mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 4.189; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.118–8.283)], followed by low-T3 syndrome (HR 3.147; 95% CI 1.558–6.355) and subclinical hypothyroidism (HR 2.869; 95% CI 1.817–4.532). Subclinical hyperthyroidism showed no significant impact.Conclusions:We found a clear association between thyroid dysfunction and increased risk of mortality in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy with HF. These results suggest that monitoring thyroid function in HF patients is necessary, and further studies on the treatment of HF with thyroid dysfunction are needed.
Physiological Levels of Melatonin Relate to Cognitive Function and Depressive Symptoms: The HEIJO-KYO Cohort
Authors: Obayashi Kenji , Saeki Keigo , Iwamoto Junko , Tone Nobuhiro , Tanaka Kunihiko , Kataoka Hiroshi , Morikawa Masayuki , Kurumatani Norio 
Published: June 2015

Context:
In contrast with randomized controlled trials, observational studies have suggested that physiological levels of melatonin are reduced in patients with dementia or depression, but the relationship has not been evaluated in large populations.

Objective:
The objective was to determine the relationships between physiological levels of melatonin and cognitive function and depressive symptoms.

Design and Participants:
A cohort of 1105 community-dwelling elderly individuals was enrolled in this cross-sectional study (mean age, 71.8 ± 7.1 y).

Measures:
Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion (UME) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; n = 935) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS; n = 1097) scores were measured as indices of physiological melatonin levels, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms, respectively.

Results:
With increases in UME quartiles, the prevalence of cognitive impairment (MMSE score ≤ 26) and depressed mood (GDS score ≥ 6) significantly decreased (P for trend = .003 and .012, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression models, after adjusting for confounders such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, physical activity, and sleep/wake cycles, higher UME levels were significantly associated with lower odds ratios (ORs) for cognitive impairment and depressed mood (ORs: Q1 = 1.00; Q2 = 0.88 and 0.76; Q3 = 0.66 and 0.85; Q4 = 0.67 and 0.53; P for trend = .023 and .033, respectively). In addition, the highest UME group showed a significantly lower OR for depressed mood than the lowest UME group (Q4 vs Q1: OR, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.32–0.89; P = .033). UME levels above the median value were significantly associated with a lower OR for cognitive impairment, even after further adjustment for depressive symptoms (OR = 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.99; P = .043).

Conclusions:
Significant associations of higher physiological melatonin levels with lower prevalence of cognitive impairment and depressed mood were revealed in a large general elderly population. The association between physiological melatonin levels and cognitive function was independent of depressive symptoms.
miR-22 and miR-29a Are Members of the Androgen Receptor Cistrome Modulating LAMC1 and Mcl-1 in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Pasqualini Lorenza , Bu Huajie , Puhr Martin , Narisu Narisu , Rainer Johannes , Schlick Bettina , Schäfer Georg , Angelova Mihaela , Trajanoski Zlatko , Börno Stefan T. , Schweiger Michal R. , Fuchsberger Christian , Klocker Helmut 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The normal prostate as well as early stages and advanced prostate cancer (PCa) require a functional androgen receptor (AR) for growth and survival. The recent discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) as novel effector molecules of AR disclosed the existence of an intricate network between AR, miRNAs and downstream target genes. In this study DUCaP cells, characterized by high content of wild-type AR and robust AR transcriptional activity, were chosen as the main experimental model. By integrative analysis of chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) and microarray expression profiling data, miRNAs putatively bound and significantly regulated by AR were identified. A direct AR regulation of miR-22, miR-29a, and miR-17-92 cluster along with their host genes was confirmed. Interestingly, endogenous levels of miR-22 and miR-29a were found to be reduced in PCa cells expressing AR. In primary tumor samples, miR-22 and miR-29a were less abundant in the cancerous tissue compared with the benign counterpart. This specific expression pattern was associated with a differential DNA methylation of the genomic AR binding sites. The identification of laminin gamma 1 (LAMC1) and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) as direct targets of miR-22 and miR-29a, respectively, suggested a tumor-suppressive role of these miRNAs. Indeed, transfection of miRNA mimics in PCa cells induced apoptosis and diminished cell migration and viability. Collectively, these data provide additional information regarding the complex regulatory machinery that guides miRNAs activity in PCa, highlighting an important contribution of miRNAs in the AR signaling.
Animal Techne
Authors: Nurka Camille 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Between the recent feminist interest in relocating posthumanism through animal becomings and the emerging field of trans studies, there arise new possibilities for theoretical exchange between the “post” and the “trans.” This article considers how the fields of feminism, trans studies, and posthumanism are actively transforming our thinking around “sex” and “the human.” It proposes that these theoretical approaches are affectively conjoined in their challenge to the concept of preternatural gender as a defining aspect of human-centered sociality. This is because sex and humanity are coconstitutive categories inviting political engagement, especially since the birth of the human in secular, modern thought, beginning with the scientific revolution, as the point at which the human began to break away from the divine. The newly formed concept of humanity that emerged in the seventeenth century was contingent on a highly structured, essentialist conception of sexual difference. On the one hand, the development of the human was explained through a break with the animal in hypotheses about the shift from animal sociality to human civilization; but, on the other, sociobiological theories—pre- and post-Darwin—sought to explain the human “in nature.” Both, however, contained essentialist conceptions of sexual difference in order to articulate the human, whether in its difference to or continuity with the animal. By contrast, posthuman and trans becomings have produced new configurations of bodies that are changing the way we conceptualize human, animal, nature, and culture.
What Is It Like to Be a Human?
Authors: Colebrook Claire 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Rather than regarding the relation between humanity and animality as an important supplemental question when considering claims of personhood or ethical worth, this essay makes two claims that place the thresholds among species at the foundation of problems of ethical recognition. First, all modes of recognition presuppose a norm of human likeness and species solidarity; rather than expand this range of human inclusiveness (that relies on differentiation), we might think of attributing political and ethical worth to those with whom we feel neither solidarity nor significant difference. Second, rather than see the self as a person or body that possesses sexuality as an individuating predicate, we might think of a milieu of individuating possibilities from which relatively differentiated selves emerge.
Alligator Earrings and the Fishhook in the Face
Authors: Seymour Nicole 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article considers the performances of “animal drag” that appear across the affiliated US media projects of Jackass (the television program and film franchise) and Wildboyz (the television program). Drawing on transgender studies scholarship, as well as recent work in affect theory, animal studies, and environmental studies, Nicole Seymour argues that these performances—which include, for example, a human inserting a fishhook in his face before being thrown into shark-infested waters—constitute an extension of this media corpus's general investment in affective interconnectivity. As Seymour shows, such performances ask us to feel along with the performers, which includes feeling along with them as animals. Paying attention to the comic as well as the tragic resonances of animal drag, the article outlines the ethical role that nonserious affective modes can play in probing the trans-, or intersectional and interdependent, nature of human and nonhuman life.
Artist Statement
Authors: Wagner Anthony Clair 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
“Visible Monstrosity as Empowerment” asks, How can we own the transgender imaginary? Anthony Clair Wagner uses the figure of the monster in their art to reflect the stigmatization of monsterized others, specifically transsexuals. Wagner proposes that refusing hegemonic shame and boundaries through embracing the stigmatizing figure of the monster helps deconstruct the violent hegemonic imaginary. They call for monstrous visibility. In this artist statement Wagner explains the importance of the appropriation of the figure of the monster in their art as a tool for empowerment.
About the Optimization of Breast Screening by means of Microwave Radiothermometry
Authors: Черкесова  , Cherkesova S. , Мазепа  , Mazepa E. , Заменчик  , Zamenchik T. , Панкова  , Pankova G. 
Published: June 2015

The article presents the results of the optimization of breast screening based on microwave radiothermometry due to the development of a test system for express diagnostics of malignant breast tumors and identification of female patients at risk. The current program of investigation involves a time-consuming history taking and a preliminary measurement of the temperature at the control points.
The purpose of the research was to find out is there a relationship between the presence or absence of positive an-swers to anamnestic questions of the program and changes of temperature of the breast. Another task was to determine the degree of dependency of temperature changes in the mammary gland on the diameter of the gland and the temperature in the axillary area and other control points. Three groups of female patients were examined: healthy subjects, risk group (with benign nodules) and breast cancer patients. In the group of cancer female patients the temperature data of healthy mammary glands were studied separately. The results showed that the temperature changes depend on the age and the diameter of the gland only for healthy subjects. The temperature in the axillary area and the control points of the study has a high degree of direct correlation with the temperature changes in the mammary gland in all groups of female patients.