bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Top 10 Research Priorities Relating to Life after Stroke – Consensus from Stroke Survivors, Caregivers, and Health Professionals
Authors: Pollock Alex , St George Bridget , Fenton Mark , Firkins Lester 
Published: December 2012

Background Research resources should address the issues that are most important to people affected by a particular healthcare problem. Systematic identification of stroke survivor, caregiver, and health professional priorities would ensure that scarce research resources are directed to areas that matter most to people affected by stroke. Aims We aimed to identify the top 10 research priorities relating to life after stroke, as agreed by stroke survivors, caregivers, and health professionals. Methods Key stages involved establishing a priority setting partnership; gathering treatment uncertainties from stroke survivors, caregivers, and health professionals relating to life after stroke (using surveys administered by e-mail, post, and at face-to-face meetings); checking submitted treatment uncertainties to ensure that they were clear, unanswered questions about the effects of a treatment/intervention; interim prioritization to identify the highest priority questions (objectively identified from ranking of personal priorities by original survey respondents); and a final consensus meeting to reach agreement on the top 10 research priorities. Results We gathered 548 research questions that were refined into 226 unique unanswered treatment uncertainties. Ninety-seven respondents completed the interim prioritization process, objectively identifying 24 shared priority treatment uncertainties. A representative group of 28 stroke survivors, caregivers, and health professionals attended a final meeting, reaching consensus on the top 10 research priorities relating to life after stroke. Six of the agreed top 10 research priorities related to specific stroke-related impairments, including cognition, aphasia, vision, upper limb, mobility, and fatigue. Three related to more social aspects of ‘living with stroke’ including coming to terms with long-term consequences, confidence, and helping stroke survivors and their families ‘cope’ with speech problems. One related to the secondary consequences of stroke and subsequent stroke prevention. Conclusions The top 10 research priorities relating to life after stroke have been identified using a rigorous and person-centered approach. These should be used to inform the prioritization and funding of future research relating to life after stroke.
Patient Refusal of Thrombolytic Therapy for Suspected Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Vahidy F. S. , Rahbar M. H. , Lal A. P. , Grotta J. C. , Savitz S. I. 
Published: December 2012

Objective To determine factors associated with patients refusing IV t-PA for suspected acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and to compare the outcomes of patients who refused t-PA (RT) with those treated with t-PA. Methods Patients who were treated with and refused t-PA at our stroke center were identified retrospectively. Demographics, clinical presentation, and outcome measures were collected and compared. Clinical outcome was defined as excellent (mRS: 0–1), good (mRS: 0–2), and poor (mRS: 3–6). Results Over 7·5 years, 30 (4·2%) patients refused t-PA. There were no demographic differences between the treated and RT groups. The rate of RT decreased over time (OR 0·63, 95% CI 0·50–0·79). Factors associated with refusal included a later symptom onset to emergency department presentation time (OR 1·02, 95% CI 1·01–1·03), lower NIHSS (OR 1·11, 95% CI 1·03–1·18), a higher proportion of stroke mimics (OR 17·61, 95% CI 6·20–50·02) and shorter hospital stay (OR 1·32, 95% CI 1·09–1·61). Among patients who were subsequently diagnosed with ischemic stroke, only length of stay was significantly shorter for refusal patients (OR 1·37, 95% CI 1·06–1·78). After controlling for mild strokes and stroke mimics, clinical outcome was not different between the groups (OR 1·61, 95% CI 0·69–3·73). Conclusion The incidence of patients refusing t-PA has decreased over time, yet it may be a cause for t-PA under-utilization. Patients with milder symptoms were more likely to refuse t-PA. Refusal patients presented later to the hospital and had shorter hospital stays. One out of six refusal patients (16·6%) had a stroke mimic.
Excessive Work and Risk of Haemorrhagic Stroke: A Nationwide Case-Control Study
Authors: Kim Beom Joon , Lee Seung-Hoon , Ryu Wi-Sun , Kim Chi Kyung , Chung Jong-Won , Kim Dohoung , Park Hong-Kyun , Bae Hee-Joon , Park Byung-Joo , Yoon Byung-Woo ,   for ABBA study investigators
Published: December 2012

Background Adverse effect of excessive work on health has been suggested previously, but it was not documented in cerebrovascular diseases. Aim The authors investigated whether excessive working conditions would associate with increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke. Methods A nationwide matched case-control study database, which contains 940 cases of incident haemorrhagic stroke (498 intracerebral haemorrhages and 442 sub-arachnoid haemorrhages) with 1880 gender- and age- (±5-year) matched controls, was analysed. Work-related information based on the regular job situation, including type of occupation, regular working time, duration of strenuous activity during regular work and shift work, was gathered through face-to-face interviews. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used for the multivariable analyses. Results Compared with white-collar workers, blue-collar workers had a higher risk for haemorrhagic stroke (odds ratio, 1·33 [95% confidence interval, 1·06–1·66]). Longer regular working time was associated with increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke [odds ratio, 1·38 (95% confidence interval, 1·05–1·81) for 8–12 h/day; odds ratio, 1·95 (95% confidence interval, 1·33–2·86) for ≥13 h/day; compared with ≤4 h/day]. Exposure to ≥8 h/week of strenuous activity also associated haemorrhagic stroke risk [odds ratio, 1·61 (95% confidence interval, 1·26–2·05); compared with no strenuous activity]. Shift work was not associated with haemorrhagic stroke ( P = 0·98). Positive associations between working condition indices and haemorrhagic stroke risk were consistent regardless of haemorrhagic stroke sub-types and current employment status. Conclusions Blue-collar occupation, longer regular working time and extended duration of strenuous activity during work may relate to an increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke.
Predictors of Delayed Stroke in Patients with Cervical Artery Dissection
Authors: Lichy Christoph , Metso Antti , Pezzini Alessandro , Leys Didier , Metso Tiina , Lyrer Philippe , Debette Stéphanie , Thijs Vincent , Abboud Shérine , Kloss Manja , Samson Yves , Caso Valeria , Sessa Maria , Beretta Simone , Lamy Chantal , Medeiros Elizabeth , Bersano Anna , Touze Emmanuel , Tatlisumak Turgut , Grau Armin , Brandt Tobias , Engelter Stefan , Grond-Ginsbach Caspar ,   for the Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischemic Stroke Patients (CADISP)-Study Group
Published: December 2012

Background Stroke in patients with acute cervical artery dissection may be anticipated by initial transient ischemic or nonischemic symptoms. Aim Identifying risk factors for delayed stroke upon cervical artery dissection. Methods Cervical artery dissection patients from the multicenter Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischemic Stroke Patients study were classified as patients without stroke ( n = 339), with stroke preceded by nonstroke symptoms (delayed stroke, n = 244), and with stroke at onset ( n = 382). Demographics, clinical, and vascular findings were compared between the three groups. Results Patients with delayed stroke were more likely to present with occlusive cervical artery dissection ( P < 0·001), multiple cervical artery dissection ( P = 0·031), and vertebral artery dissection ( P < 0·001) than patients without stroke. No differences were observed in age, smoking, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, migraine, body mass index, infections during the last week, and trauma during the last month, but patients with delayed stroke had less often transient ischemic attack ( P < 0·001) and local signs (Horner syndrome and cranial nerve palsy; P < 0·001). Conclusions Occlusive cervical artery dissection, multiple cervical artery dissection, and vertebral artery dissection were associated with an increased risk for delayed stroke. No other risk factors for delayed stroke were identified. Immediate cervical imaging of cervical artery dissection patients without ischemic stroke is needed to identify patients at increased risk for delayed ischemia.
ALEXANDER POLYHISTOR AND THE BABYLONIACA OF BEROSSOS
Authors: DE BREUCKER GEERT 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
All the works of the prolific encyclopaedic author Alexander Polyhistor have only been preserved in fragments: only his ‘On Jews’ and ‘Chaldaica’ are better known. In his ‘On Jews’, Polyhistor brought together various sources on Jewish history. The ‘Chaldaica’ addressed Babylonian as well as Assyrian history, and apparently consisted of an epitome Polyhistor had made of the Babyloniaca of Berossos combined with the classical account of the Assyrian kings. In the extant text of his epitome of Berossos' work, as it has been preserved by Jewish and Christian authors, there are clearly insertions – passages that do not derive from Berossos' Babyloniaca. Was Alexander Polyhistor responsible for them? In most cases it is difficult to give an answer, but some insertions can be ascribed to Polyhistor.
CREATING POPULARIS HISTORY: SP. CASSIUS, SP. MAELIUS, AND M. MANLIUS IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF THE LATE REPUBLIC
Authors: KAPLOW LAUREN 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The sources are clear in associating Sp. Cassius, Sp. Maelius and M. Manlius Capitolinus with Late Republican popularis programmes, both in the men's actions (agrarian laws, grain distributions, redemption of debts) and in the language used to describe them. Not only were the adfectatores regni (anachronistically) identified as popularis, but they were also conceived of as part of a continuous political tradition, which went down to Clodius and the Gracchi. The content of these stories can illuminate Late Republican ideas about popularis politicians and ideology, especially the tension between the actions of the men and their stated intentions on the one hand, and the perception of tyrannical behaviour on the other. The association of these figures with later populares allows us to use their examples to more fully describe the Late Republican view of what popularitas meant and how it related to attempts at, or accusations of attempts at, tyranny.
Subjective Quality of Life of People with Intellectual Disabilities: The Role of Emotional Competence on Their Subjective Well‐Being
Authors: Rey Lourdes , Extremera Natalio , Durán Auxiliadora , Ortiz‐Tallo Margarita 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundFor decades, the field of quality of life for people with intellectual disabilities has focused on the improving the external life conditions. However, scarce research has examined the contribution of person‐related psychological resources such as emotional competence (EC) on well‐being in this population.Materials and MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional design, 139 adults with intellectual disabilities completed different measures: Subjective Happiness Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale and Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale.ResultsEmotional competence shows a positive and significant association with life satisfaction and happiness. EC dimensions were predictors of well‐being beyond socio‐demographic variables and dispositional affectivity.ConclusionsOur findings provide preliminary evidence of the potential value of considering EC in the improvement in the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. Professionals interested in intellectual disabilities care might consider training programmes based on EC as an additional intervention strategy aimed at improving well‐being.
High‐Resolution 3D Scar Imaging Using a Novel Late Iodine Enhancement Multidetector CT Protocol to Guide Ventricular Tachycardia Catheter Ablation
Authors: CREAN ANDREW M. , SPEARS DANNA A. , SUSZKO ADRIAN M. , CHAUHAN VIJAY S. 
Published: December 2012

Myocardial Scar Characterization with CTScar delineation with late gadolinium‐enhanced MRI can direct VT substrate mapping and ablation, but imaging is poor and relatively contraindicated in the majority of patients with ICDs. We present a case of scar definition using late iodine‐enhanced multidetector CT in a patient with ischemic cardiomyopathy and multiple ICD shocks for VT. CT images were acquired using a novel intracoronary contrast delivery protocol which provided high‐resolution subendocardial scar visualization. The segmented scar images were subsequently imported into an electroanatomic mapping platform to guide successful VT ablation.
Optimal prioritisation of watershed management measures for flood risk mitigation on a watershed scale
Authors: Yazdi J. , Salehi Neyshabouri S.A.A. , Niksokhan M.H. , Sheshangosht S. , Elmi M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWatershed management includes methods to create, enhance, and maintain vegetation to reduce run‐off and provide flood control in the watershed. The assignment of priority for watershed management measures requires the use of mathematical techniques to attain the most suitable strategies. In the present study, a framework was presented for assigning the optimal combinations of watershed management measures based on simulation‐based optimisation approach. For this purpose, a one‐dimensional hydrodynamic model was used to calculate the potential damages of different flood scenarios under various combinations of watershed management measures and was coupled with the NSGA‐II multi‐objective optimisation model to provide the optimal Pareto solutions between two conflicting objectives of minimising the investment costs of flood mitigation measures and the expected flood damages of the watershed. The proposed model was then applied to a small watershed in the centre of Iran as a case study, and the optimal trade‐off solutions were calculated for flood risk mitigation. Using these trade‐offs, for each level of funding, decision makers can select the optimal combination of watershed management measures considering decision criteria.
Integrating social vulnerability into federal flood risk management planning
Authors: Cutter S.L. , Emrich C.T. , Morath D.P. , Dunning C.M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWhile flood risk management planning in the United States has focused on flood control structures designed to protect the economic value of property, it has consistently undervalued other social impacts associated with flooding. The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) recently initiated research aimed at understanding how to incorporate social characteristics into the measures currently utilised in flood control project evaluation and consideration. This paper proposes a methodology for incorporating a known measure of social vulnerability, the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI), into USACE civil works planning. Using the USACE South Atlantic Division as the study area, this paper evaluates eight different variations of the social vulnerability metric and their potential deployment in USACE projects. Each formulation is compared with the original‐computed SoVI as a means to test its spatial and statistical sensitivity, including an assessment of each variant's robustness, reducibility, scalability, and transferability. Results indicate that while it is possible to create simplified, yet robust, versions of SoVI for individual places, such ‘lite’ metrics tend to fall short in areas of scalability and transferability in relation to the original SoVI formulation.
SUMO E3 Ligase AtMMS21 Regulates Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis thalianaF
Authors: Zhang Shengchun , Qi Yanli , Liu Ming , Yang Chengwei 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPost‐translational modifications of proteins by small ubiquitin‐like modifiers (SUMOs) play crucial roles in plant growth and development, and in stress responses. The MMS21 is a newly‐identified Arabidopsis thaliana L. SUMO E3 ligase gene aside from the SIZ1, and its function requires further elucidation. Here, we show that MMS21 deficient plants display improved drought tolerance, and constitutive expression of MMS21 reduces drought tolerance. The expression of MMS21 was reduced by abscisic acid (ABA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) or drought stress. Under drought conditions, mms21 mutants showed the highest survival rate and the slowest water loss, and accumulated a higher level of free proline compared to wild‐type (WT) and MMS21 over‐expression plants. Stomatal aperture, seed germination and cotyledon greening analysis indicated that mms21 was hypersensitive to ABA. Molecular genetic analysis revealed that MMS21 deficiency led to elevated expression of a series of ABA‐mediated stress‐responsive genes, including COR15A, RD22, and P5CS1 The ABA and drought‐induced stress‐responsive genes, including RAB18, RD29A and RD29B, were inhibited by constitutive expression of MMS21. Moreover, ABA‐induced accumulation of SUMO‐protein conjugates was blocked in the mms21 mutant. We thus conclude that MMS21 plays a role in the drought stress response, likely through regulation of gene expression in an ABA‐dependent pathway.
OsLEC1/OsHAP3E Participates in the Determination of Meristem Identity in Both Vegetative and Reproductive Developments of RiceF
Authors: Zhang Jing‐Jing , Xue Hong‐Wei 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn the vegetative phase of plant development, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) produces leaf primordia in regular phyllotaxy, and transforms to the inflorescence meristem when the plant enters reproductive growth, which will undergo a series of identity differentiations and will finally form a complete and fertile panicle. Our previous studies indicated a tissue‐specific expression pattern of the OsLEC1 (leafy cotyledon) gene, which is homologous to the Arabidopsis AtLEC1 gene and belongs to the CCAAT‐binding protein HAP3 subfamily, during embryo development. Expression of additional OsLEC1 genomic sequences resulted in abnormalities in the development of leaves, panicles and spikelets. The spikelets in particular presented abnormities, including panicle and spikelet‐like structures that occurred reiteratively inside prior spikelets, and the occasional spikelet structures that completely transformed into plantlets (a reproductive habit alteration from sexual to asexual called “pseudovivipary”). Analysis showed that OsLEC1 interacts with several SEPALLATA‐like MADS transcription factors, suggesting that increased levels of the OsLEC1 protein might interfere with the normal interaction network of these MADS proteins and lead to defective spikelet development. The expression of OsMADS1 was dramatically reduced, and the DNA methylation level of cytosine in certain regions of the OsMADS1 promoter was increased under OsLEC1 overexpression. These results indicate that OsLEC1 affects the development of leaves, panicles and spikelets, and is a key regulator of meristem identity determination in both rice (Oryza sativa) vegetative and reproductive development.
Strontium isotope zoning in garnet: implications for metamorphic matrix equilibration, geochronology and phase equilibrium modelling
Authors: Sousa J. , Kohn M. J. , Schmitz M. D. , Northrup C. J. , Spear F. S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn principle, garnet growth rates may be calculated from 87Rb/86Sr and 87Sr/86Sr measurements in garnet subsamples and the surrounding rock matrix. Because of low Rb/Sr, garnet should passively record the matrix decay of 87Rb to 87Sr as a progressive increase in 87Sr/86Sr from core to rim. This concept was tested by collecting Rb‐Sr data for five garnet grains from four major orogenic belts: eastern Vermont (c. 380 Ma), western New Hampshire (c. 320 Ma), southern Chile (c. 75 Ma) and northwestern Italy (c. 35 Ma). Both normal Sr isotope zoning (increasing 87Sr/86Sr from core to rim) and inverse Sr zoning (decreasing 87Sr/86Sr from core to rim) were observed. Garnet and matrix isotope data commonly yielded grossly inaccurate model ages. Incomplete Rb and Sr equilibration among matrix minerals is invoked to explain the deviations between theoretical v. measured zoning patterns and the age disparities. Initially, the reactive matrix is dominated by rapidly equilibrating Rb‐rich mica, which imparts high 87Sr/86Sr values in garnet cores. Progressive participation of slower equilibrating Sr‐rich plagioclase buffers or even reduces 87Sr/86Sr, possibly leading to flat or decreasing 87Sr/86Sr from garnet cores to rims. Unusually high 87Sr/86Sr in garnet in combination with bulk matrix compositions causes erroneously young apparent ages, so metamorphic ages, growth rates, and associated heating and loading rates are likely suspect. Although Rb‐Sr may be the most susceptible because of the profound disparities between mica and feldspar, zircon reactivity might influence the Lu‐Hf system by up to a few per cent. The Sm‐Nd system seems generally immune to these effects. Pseudosection analysis and conventional garnet geochronology, which presume complete matrix equilibration during metamorphism, may require modification to account for differences between whole‐rock v. reactive matrix compositions.
Designating Dependency: The “Socially Inadequate” in theUnitedStates, 1910–1940
Authors: Seal Lizzie 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis article examines the use of “socially inadequate” as a label for the dependent poor in theUnitedStates, 1910–40. It analyses the dense meanings that were given to this term and the political significance that the label “socially inadequate” gained in relation to sterilization and immigration policy. The article explores the role played by eugenicist,HarryLaughlin, as a label maker for the term and a moral entrepreneur in relation to the problem of dependency. It argues that “socially inadequate” was a stigmatising designation for members of perceived deficient groups, whom were seen as falling below the normal or acceptable standards of society and were, as such, viewed as undeserving of the status of citizen. Finally, it contends that the negative moral and emotional judgments encoded into definitions of the “socially inadequate” can be situated within the history of the derogation of dependency, understood as economic reliance on the state or charity, in theUnitedStates.