bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual-core photonic crystal fiber temperature and humidity sensor based on PDMS and PVA
Authors: Song Mingshi , Jing Xili , yin zhiyong , Zhang Heng , Li Jiaxin , Huo Tianli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Temperature and humidity sensors are applied in environmental monitoring, agriculture, food industry, and biochemical detection. To enhance their sensitivity and efficiency, this work presents a temperature and humidity sensor that uses surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The sensor comprises a hexagonal pattern of holes and two planes. On one side of the plane, a gold film coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is used for temperature measurement, while on the other side, a gold film with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used for humidity measurement. The finite element method is used to analyze the sensor's sensing characteristics, revealing that its temperature sensitivity ranges from 20℃ to 90℃ at 3.82 nm/℃, while its humidity sensitivity ranges from 20–98% at 5.013 nm/%RH. Overall, this sensor can operate effectively in both temperature and humidity environments, simultaneously measuring both parameters.
Mortality risk associated with ocular ischemic syndrome in New Orleans
Authors: Fan Judith , Sabaugh Nouran , Fang Wei , Hinkle David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To explore the relationship between ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) and mortality in a New Orleans patient population.
Methods
Thirty-two patients diagnosed with OIS at University Medical Center (UMC) in New Orleans, Louisiana between 2011 and 2022 were compared to a historical population with respect to prevalence of systemic diseases and the mortality rate
Results
The five-year mortality rate was 21% and the ten-year mortality rate was 38%. Associated disease and risk factors included hypertension (91%), diabetes mellitus (62%), ischemic heart disease (31%), cerebrovascular accident (22%), peripheral vascular disease (22%), and a history of smoking (66%).
Conclusion
A diagnosis of OIS is associated with high rates of ocular and systemic diseases. High morbidity and mortality rates persist despite improvements in medical and surgical care.
Identification of serum metabolites associated with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure in papillary thyroid carcinoma: A case–control study
Authors: Song Jiayi , Liu Yuan , Peng Jinling , Jiang Yousheng , Lin Xiaoshi , Zhang Jianqing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine cancer with a sharply increasing incidence worldwide in recent years. Multiple factors including genetics, radiation, iodine, autoimmune disease, and exposure to environmental endocrine–disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may be related to the incidence of TC. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been extensively used in electronic production, soft furnishings, fabrics, and paints as flame retardants since the 1980s. As a typical EDCs, high PBDEs exposure is associated with an increased risk of TC. However, interference with the metabolic signature in PBDEs exposure–related TC has not been studied. In this study, eight congeners of PBDEs were determined in serum from 111 patents with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and 111 healthy participants based on case–control epidemiology using gas chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (GC-APCI-MS/MS). Based on the tertile distribution of total PBDEs concentrations in 59 participants, metabolomics analysis was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap MS. The 29 identified metabolites were correlated with PBDEs exposure (Partial correlation analysis, P < 0.05). Furthermore, (+/-)-octopamine and 5-hydroxyindole, which modify the actions of neurotransmitters, were identified as potentially disturbed metabolite markers of TC upon PBDEs exposure. The PBDEs disturbed the glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, which showed that neurotransmitters, oxidative stress, and inflammation were the sensitive pathways in PTC. These are the first findings on metabolic disturbance in PTC associated with PBDEs exposure by MS nontargeted metabolomics.
Cognitive reserve mitigates cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease by protecting white matter fibers: an automated fiber quantification study
Authors: Li Mingyu , Shi Yachen , Ma Lin , Mao Haixia , Xu Min , Gao Qianqian , Yang Jiayi , Wang Feng , Fang Xiangming , Hu Xiaoyun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study investigates how cognitive reserve (CR), developed through education and other cognitive activities, can slow cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) by examining cerebral white matter fiber connectivity. We prospectively enrolled 125 patients with CSVD from the Department of Neurology between 2021 and 2023, including 69 patients with no cognitive impairment (nonCI) and 56 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Patients were divided into low cognitive reserve (LCR) and high cognitive reserve (HCR) subgroups based on the median of years of education (≤9 vs. >9 years). All participants underwent 3.0T MRI scans and neuropsychological assessments. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values of fiber bundles detected by automated fiber quantification (AFQ) were compared among groups by two-way analysis of variance, considering disease state and CR as factors. Correlation analyses examined the relationships between significant fiber segments and cognitive function. We found that the MCI group exhibited decreased FA and increased MD in specific segments of some fiber tracts, such as the corpus callosum splenium, bilateral thalamic radial tracts, and bilateral inferior frontal occipital tracts compared to the nonCI group. The LCR group had decreased FA in the left corticospinal tract and increased MD in the right corticospinal tract compared to the HCR group. Significant interactions of FA values were observed in the left arcuate fasciculus, particularly in segments related to information processing speed and memory. The MCI group exhibited poorer white matter fiber integrity than the nonCI group. These findings suggest that CR’s protective effects on cognitive dysfunction in patients with CSVD may be partially mediated by the left arcuate fasciculus.
Histological and genetic changes induced by extracorporeal shockwave therapy after rotator cuff repair in a rat model with tears
Authors: Kamiyama Masataka , Shitara Hitoshi , Ichinose Tsuyoshi , Sasaki Tsuyoshi , Miyamoto Ryosuke , Ino Fukuhisa , Hamano Noritaka , Nakase Kurumi , Koibuchi Noriyuki , Chikuda Hirotaka 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The histological and genetic changes associated with significant tendon-to-bone differences after extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) are unknown. This controlled laboratory study investigated the histological and genetic changes in the rotator cuff induced by ESWT. Twenty-two retired male Wistar rats were induced with left supraspinatus tendon ruptures. Three weeks later, rotator cuff repair was performed. One week post-repair, the rats were randomly assigned into either the ESWT or control group, with 11 rats in each group. Compared with the control group, the ratio of cellularity was significantly lower, and that of collagen fiber orientation was significantly higher in the ESWT group. The number of blood vessels and the total histological scores were not significantly different between the two groups. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the mRNA expressions of CCN2 and SCX were significantly higher in the ESWT group than in the control group. No statistically significant differences were found between the SOX9 and Tnmd expressions. ESWT induces histological changes and increases the messenger RNA expressions of CCN2 and SCX in rotator cuff repair of chronic tears in rats. ESWT is a potential method for promoting histological and cytological changes associated with improving the mechanical strength of rotator cuff repair.
Consistency in the performance of four inspection instruments used in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for corneal astigmatism correction.
Authors: Zeng Yanfeng , Liang Min , Zheng Shengnan , Liu Fengting , Xu Sen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To observe the consistency of four examination devices in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for femtosecond correction of corneal astigmatism. We selected 31 patients (40 eyes) who chose femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with corneal astigmatism for 1.0-3.5 days as the study object. Femtosecond laser combined with cataract phacoemulsification surgery was performed on patients with corneal lysis incision for astigmatism correction at no additional cost. Computer optometry, IOL-Master700, OPD ScanIII and Pentacam HR were used before surgery, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after surgery. The result was a high degree of agreement among the four instruments, showing a high positive correlation (r > 0.7).
Cadmium-doped Titanium Dioxide Material for Electrochemical Sensing of CAP in Diverse Real-World Samples: A DFT Analysis
Authors: Ravikumar Srujan Basavapura , Subbareddy Sirisha , Shivamurthy Santhosh Arehalli , Shadakshari Sandeep , neelanjeneyalu Prashanth Kumar pasupaleti , Al-Anazi Khalid Mashay , Farah Mohammad Abul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The world is currently grappling with a significant challenge, marked by environmental pollution, amidst the abundance of energy and opportunities. Nevertheless, to overcome such adverse effects, scientific methodologies must be adapted, and among those, electrochemical sensors have emerged as a promising tool for the primary detection of various pollutants in real samples. Herein, we have developed the distinctive type of electrochemical sensor with Cd doped TiO2 as sensor material for the detection of a nitroaromatic contaminant, chloramphenicol (CAP). Cd-TiO2 was synthesised by the sol-gel, followed by a hydrothermal process to obtain the Cd-doped TiO2 sensor material. Further, it underwent various characterization techniques like XRD, FT-IR, HR-TEM, and EIS. Moreover, to determine the detection facility, CV and LSV techniques were deployed. Proven results with a remarkable low limit of detection 3.5 nM and a linear concentration range were found to be 1 µm to 25 µm. Real sample analysis was conducted with different samples: Honey and coconut water. Additionally, DFT studies were conducted to verify the HOMO-LUMO of CAP and electrostatic potential. The results obtained were accurate and could be chosen as best sensor material for the detection of CAP in real-world analysis.
Identification of miRNAs associated with Aspergillus flavus infection and their targets in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Joshi Pushpesh , Sharma Vinay , Pandey Arun K. , Nayak Spurthi N. , Bajaj Prasad , Sudini Hari K. , Sharma Shailendra , Varshney Rajeev K. , Pandey Manish K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Groundnut is the major oilseed crop that suffers substantial post-harvest losses due to aflatoxin contamination by the fungus Aspergillus flavus. The interaction between A. flavus and groundnut microRNAs in combating aflatoxin contamination remains unclear. This study was carried out to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) to enhance the understanding of in vitro Seed Colonisation (IVSC) resistance mechanism in groundnut.
Result: In this study, resistant (J 11) and susceptible (JL 24) genotypes of groundnut were treated with toxigenic A. flavus (strain AF-11-4), and total RNA was extracted at 1 day after inoculation (1 DAI), 2 DAI, 3 DAI and 7 DAI. Seeds of JL 24 showed higher mycelial growth than J 11 at successive days after inoculation. A total of 208 known miRNAs belonging to 36 miRNA families, with length varying from 20-24 nucleotides, were identified, along with 27 novel miRNAs, with length varying from 20-22 nucleotides. Using psRNATarget server, 952 targets were identified for all the miRNAs. The targeted genes function as disease resistant proteins encoding, auxin responsive proteins, squamosa promoter binding like proteins, transcription factors, pentatricopeptide repeat-containing proteins and growth regulating factors, etc. Through differential expression analysis, seven miRNAs (aly-miR156d-3p, csi-miR1515a, gma-miR396e, mtr-miR2118, novo-miR-n27, ptc-miR482d-3p and ppe-miR396a) were found common among 1 DAI, 2 DAI, 3 DAI and 7 DAI in J 11, whereas ten miRNAs (csi-miR159a-5p, csi-miR164a-3p, novo-miR-n17, novo-miR-n2, osa-miR162b, mtr-miR2118, ptc-miR482d-3p, ptc-miR167f-3p, stu-miR319-3p and zma-miR396b-3p) were found common among 1 DAI, 2 DAI, 3 DAI and 7 DAI in JL 24. Two miRNAs, ptc-miR482d-3p and mtr-miR2118, showed contrasting expression at different time intervals between J 11 and JL 24. These two miRNAs were found to target those genes with NBS-LRR function, making them potential candidates for marker development in groundnut breeding programs aimed at enhancing resistance against A. flavusinfection.
Conclusion: This study enhances our understanding of the involvement of two miRNAs namely, ptc-miR482d-3p and mtr-miR2118, along with their NBS-LRR targets, in conferring resistance against A. flavus-induced aflatoxin contamination in groundnut under in vitro conditions.
Error mitigation of entangled states using brainbox quantum autoencoders
Authors: Pazem Joséphine , Ansari Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Current quantum hardware is susceptible to various sources of noise that limit our access to precisely-tuned entangled states. Quantum autoencoder circuits with a single-qubit bottleneck have demonstrated the ability to correct errors up to a certain noise threshold. In this work, we introduce subgraph structures in the bottleneck, referred to as brainboxes, and observe not only a speed-up in the denoising process but also the ability to handle stronger noise channels beyond the initial threshold. However, selecting the most suitable brainbox for the bottleneck involves a trade-off between the intensity of noise on the hardware and the training complexity. By monitoring the evolution of Rényi entropy throughout the networks, we present a clear framework for denoising through learning.
Research on the Impact and Mechanisms of Digital Transformation on the High-Quality Development of Chinese Agribusinesses
Authors: Zhu Di , Zhu Chen-Zhi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the era of the digital economy, digital transformation has become a key driver for promoting high-quality development within agricultural enterprises. Utilizing a fixed-effects model and panel data from Chinese listed agricultural companies spanning 2011 to 2020, this study empirically investigates the influence of digital transformation on the high-quality progress of Chinese agribusinesses. Our findings are threefold: (1) Digital transformation strongly promotes the high-quality development of agricultural enterprises. A segmented analysis further shows that digital technology application, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence notably enhance the total factor productivity of these enterprises, while blockchain and big data do not exhibit significant improvement. (2) Regarding mechanistic pathways, digital transformation primarily boosts high-quality development in agribusiness by increasing technological innovation within enterprises. (3) Heterogeneity analysis additionally reveals that the productivity-enhancing effects of digital transformation are more prominent in small and medium-sized enterprises, state-owned enterprises, those receiving government subsidies, and enterprises with higher gearing ratios. This research provides invaluable data-driven insights and analytical perspectives for assessing the impact of digital transformation in agriculture, thereby guiding Chinese agribusinesses towards a path of high-quality development.
Why do women with early breast cancer in Northern Sri Lanka undergo mastectomy? Decision-making and ways forward
Authors: Rajasooriyar Chrishanthi , Kumar Ramya , Thuseetharan Dhivya , Sivakumar Gopikha , Muthulingam Suman , Vengadasalam Sutharshan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Despite robust evidence confirming equivalent survival rates and better cosmetic outcomes with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and radiotherapy compared to mastectomy, the rates of mastectomy among women with early breast cancer have not declined significantly in Sri Lanka. This study explores views on the surgical treatment of breast cancer among Northern Sri Lankan women who were eligible for BCS but underwent mastectomy.Methods An exploratory descriptive qualitative study was carried out among 15 women who underwent mastectomy for early breast cancer. Patients who were referred to the Tellippalai Trail Cancer Hospital for adjuvant therapy after mastectomy and matched the study criteria were recruited. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed in Tamil, translated into English, coded using QDA Miner Lite software, and analysed thematically.Results Seven out of 15 participants were not aware of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) as a treatment option or their eligibility for BCS at the time of mastectomy. According to participant narratives, the treating team had recommended mastectomy to most participants. While most opted for mastectomy believing that it was associated with lower rates of recurrence and spread compared to BCS, these beliefs were frequently reinforced by the treating team. The pros and cons of the two approaches had not been discussed before surgery with most participants. In the absence of information, family and friends weighed in on the decision to opt for mastectomy, ultimately resulting in feelings of loss and regret in most instances.Conclusion Most participants were not aware that they were eligible for BCS. These information gaps need to be urgently addressed for women to make informed decisions about their health.
A Novel Method Based on Improved SFLA for IP Information Extraction from TEM Signals
Authors: Li Ruiyou , Li Ruiheng , Li Guang , Zhang Yong , Ding Xiaohui , Zhang Long 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The extraction of induced polarization (IP) information from transient electromagnetic (TEM) signals holds significant practical importance for the development of deep mineral, oil and gas resources. Linear inversion technology is the preferred method for extracting IP information, but it is associated with three primary drawbacks: dependence on the initial conditions, susceptibility to falling into a local optimum, and a significant lack of uniqueness. To solve the above problems, an improved shuffle frog leaping algorithm (ISFLA) based on the tent chaotic distribution and an adaptive mobile factor is presented in this paper, and the algorithm is employed to extract IP information. First, a tent chaotic operator is adopted to ameliorate the initial population distribution to improve the global search capability. Then, an adaptive mobile factor is designed to replace the random operator for balancing the local and global search, which increases the solution accuracy and ensures stable convergence in the later period. Finally, TEM inversion for a 1-D layered geoelectric model with IP information is performed by the proposed ISFLA approach. The inversion results show that the ISFLA method can more effectively reconstruct the geoelectric structure as well as extract the IP information and achieve stronger robustness. Compared with other heuristic algorithm, the proposed algorithm achieves a superior global search ability and inversion accuracy, making it suitable for IP information extraction.
Short-term forecasts of Economic Growth for Nigeria using the Average Centered Penalized Regression Method
Authors: Ebiwonjumi Ayooluwade , Chifurira Retius , Chinhamu Knowledge 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

in this study, we predicted ten (10) quarterly economic growth rate represented by RGDP the presence of multicollinearity and outliers. We employed the average centered penalized regression techniques comprising of LASSO, ridge and elastic net method to quarterly data from 1986 to 2021 obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria. Consequently, the predictive power for the fitted LASSO, ridge and elastic net penalized least square model using RMSE were revealed to be 0.2895, 0.3197 and 0.2979 respectively, MAE were revealed to be 0.2174, 0.2400 and 0.2237 respectively, MAPE were revealed to be 2.1298, 2.3489 and 2.1985 respectively. The R Square values indicated that economic growth drivers identified can explained 91.9%, 91.0% and 92.0% variation or changes in the economic growth in Nigeria when LASSO, ridge and elastic net as penalized least square regression techniques were respectively adopted. The lambda penalty for the fitted model using LASSO technique was 0.084 which was higher than that of elastic net technique that stood at 0.000. Also, based on smallest RMSE, MAE and MAPE, it can be emphasized that LASSO as an average centered penalized regression techniques was more sensitive and efficient for estimating and predicting the economic growth when multicollinearity and outliers were jointly present in data set. Hence, the LASSO method showed that INDT, RINR, REXR and OPEN were positively contributed to the RGDP to the turn of 4.27%. 0.40%, 0.49% and 0.53% respectively and the contribution of EXDT to economic growth was negative and as such led to decline in RGDP by 0.98% during the period under consideration. Thus, it can be concluded based on RMSE, MAE and MAPE, normal quantile plot and quantile predicted plot as well as the estimated parameter of RGDP that LASSO was the best and most appropriate model for predicting economic situation in Nigeria. This was evidently showed by the stability of the series and forecasted 10 quarterly RGDP. Therefore, there is a need for urgent action and strong willed to address the retrogressive economic situation. Thus, economic openness should be adopted to enhance the development and the growth of economy.
Wideband Compact 3-dB Microstrip Power Divider for L- and S-Band Applications
Authors: Demir Kübra , İmeci Şehabeddin Taha , Tütüncü Bilal 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper presents the analysis, design, built and testing of a new compact 3 dB power divider operating across a wideband frequency range, with a 2.56 GHz center frequency. The proposed divider, consisting of three ports, is constructed using an FR4 substrate, with overall dimensions of 45×40×1 mm3. The frequencies with the best S21 and S31 results are recorded with a magnitude of -3.04 dB at 2.56 GHz. The simulated input match (S11) displays nearly − 30 dB at 2.56 GHz, with a -10 dB bandwidth extending from 1 to 4 GHz, resulting in a total bandwidth of 3 GHz. Hence, the proposed power divider emerges as a strong candidate for applications in both the L- and S-bands. The measured data exhibit strong agreement with the simulation results. The originality of this study lies in achieving high performance within such compact dimensions at an affordable cost, thereby eliminating the complexity that can lead to manufacturing errors. Additionally, it is demonstrated through a comparative table that the proposed power divider exhibits superiority over similar ones found in the literature.