bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal study on metabolic abnormalities and diabetes risk in normal-weight japanese adults
Authors: Huang Cheng , Gao Zhichao , Zhang Yuhang , Li Guofeng 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundDiabetes is a significant global health concern, with a growing prevalence in Japan. Individuals with normal body mass index who are metabolically unhealthy exhibit an elevated risk of diabetes onset. Investigating the relationship between Metabolically Unhealthy Normal-weight (MUNW) status and the risk of diabetes in non-diabetic individual is vital for implementing early preventive strategies.MethodsUsing data from the NAGALA cohort, This study categorized 8,194 Japanese adults based on the score of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components they possessed. Cox proportional hazards regression models and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between MUNW and the risk of developing diabetes, with analyses stratified by age and sex.ResultsDuring an average follow-up of 7.19 years, 123 participants (1.5%) were diagnosed with diabetes. Among the participants, 766 (9.35%) were classified as MUNW, and 157 (1.92%) as having MetS. Compared to those with no MetS components, individuals with 1, 2, and ≥3 MetS components had progressively higher adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for developing diabetes, at 4.56, 8.79, and 25.16, respectively. Further stratified analysis revealed that men aged ≤40 years had the highest risk of developing diabetes. For men, the adjusted HRs for having 1, 2, and ≥3 MetS components were 5.61, 7.80, and 28.59, respectively, and for participants aged ≤40 years, the HRs were 12.31, 25.57, and 129.82, respectively.ConclusionThe prevalence of MUNW in non-diabetic individuals in Japan is 9.35%. The score of MetS components was positively correlated with the risk of diabetes. Early intervention and lifestyle modifications are crucial, especially for MUNW individuals and notably young Japanese men aged ≤40 years, for the prevention and management of diabetes.
Energy cost forecasting and financial strategy optimization in smart grids via ensemble algorithm
Authors: Yang Juanjuan 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn the context of energy resource scarcity and environmental pressures, accurately forecasting energy consumption and optimizing financial strategies in smart grids are crucial. The high dimensionality and dynamic nature of the data present significant challenges, hindering accurate prediction and strategy optimization.MethodsThis paper proposes a fusion algorithm for smart grid enterprise decision-making and economic benefit analysis, aiming to enhance decision-making accuracy and predictive capability. The method combines deep reinforcement learning (DRL), long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, and the Transformer algorithm. LSTM is utilized to process and analyze time series data, capturing historical patterns of energy prices and usage. Subsequently, DRL and the Transformer algorithm are employed to further analyze the data, enabling the formulation and optimization of energy purchasing and usage strategies.ResultsExperimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms traditional methods in improving energy cost prediction accuracy and optimizing financial strategies. Notably, on the EIA Dataset, the proposed algorithm achieves a reduction of over 48.5% in FLOP, a decrease in inference time by over 49.8%, and an improvement of 38.6% in MAPE.DiscussionThis research provides a new perspective and tool for energy management in smart grids. It offers valuable insights for handling other high-dimensional and dynamically changing data processing and decision optimization problems. The significant improvements in prediction accuracy and strategy optimization highlight the potential for widespread application in the energy sector and beyond.
Assessment of the physicochemical properties of the sediment from the Gangetic floodplain wetlands of West Bengal, India, with GIS and a statistical approach
Authors: Das Basanta Kumar , Saha Ajoy , Das Archan Kanti , Chandra Purna , Mondal Kausik , Kayal Tania , Chakraborty Sangeeta , Bhattacharya Shreya , Sahoo Bigan Kumar , Jana Chayna 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBottom sediments play a pivotal role in wetland productivity, and here, eight Gangetic floodplain wetlands of India were studied to assess the sediment physicochemical characteristics and textural analysis.MethodsSediment samples that were collected from each wetland in monsoon and non-monsoon seasons were analysed. ANOVA, Principal component analysis and multiple correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results and DiscussionThroughout the study period, pH (6.90–8.04), EC (0.20–1.64 dS/m), CaCO3 (1.75%–14.50%), available nitrogen (10.22–22.23 mg/100 g sediment), total nitrogen (80.4–333.8 mg/100 g sediment), available phosphorus (0.20–5.61 mg/100 g sediment), and total phosphorus (19.63–173.33 mg/100 g sediment) were recorded. The sediment quality parameters differ significantly (p &gt; 0.05) among the wetlands. Seasonal variation was only observed on total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents. Sediments were dominated by sand. Sediment nutrient (C, N, and P) stoichiometry of wetlands depicted a comparatively little higher C/P (5.96–66.32) ratio and lower C/N (3.34–22.76) and N/P (1.12–9.25) ratios, which revealed that the physicochemical characteristics of the sediments are influenced by anthropogenic sources. Principal component analysis showed the influence of both natural and anthropogenic causes on wetland ecosystems. The geographic information system (GIS) interpolation approach was used in combination with laboratory analysis methods to give a complete spatial resolution of the sediment quality of each wetland. The study suggests that these wetlands’ sediment quality is favorable for fish culture but requires proper management practices to achieve sustainable production. As it is the first time where monitoring physicochemical properties of sediments of these wetlands are presented, this study can be used as a baseline data for comparison in future environmental assessments of the wetlands.
Macrophage-mediated mechanisms of lung injury in the sensitization reaction to Echinococcus granulosus
Authors: Li Yu-qian , Wang Chun-sheng , Zhou Jing-ru , Wang Jia-ling , Tailaiti Subi , Lin Jia-ying , Bayina Batesurong , Cao Li-wei , Ye Jian-rong 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveIn this study, the impact of inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway on lung oxidative damage induced by Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid was investigated.MethodsTwenty-four mice were randomly assigned to four groups. Three months after inoculation with hydatid cyst segments, mice in group A were treated with intraperitoneal and intratracheal saline injections; mice in group B were administered a caudal vein injection of a PI3K inhibitor, followed by cyst fluid sensitization; mice in group C received an AKT inhibitor via caudal vein, followed by cyst fluid sensitization; and mice in group D were subjected to cyst fluid sensitization without any inhibitor treatment. Cellular changes in lung tissues across all groups were evaluated, including pathological section analysis. Analysis of pulmonary tissue and serum from these mice included the assessment of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway proteins, inflammatory factors, and related mRNA levels.ResultsMice in groups B and C exhibited a higher proportion of M2-type macrophages and significantly lower levels of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway proteins, inflammatory factors (interleukin-6 [IL-6]/tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]), and oxidative markers in lung tissues compared to mice in group D (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOur results in this study indicate that activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway contributed to an increase in the M1 macrophage phenotype, leading to enhanced secretion of peroxidases and inflammatory factors. This mechanism plays a crucial role in the oxidative and inflammatory lung damage associated with allergic reactions to E. granulosus cyst fluid.
Exploring the molecular mechanisms of macrophages in islet transplantation using single-cell analysis
Authors: Pu Zuhui , Chen Shujuan , Lu Ying , Wu Zijing , Cai Zhiming , Mou Lisha 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIslet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes that aims to restore insulin production and improve glucose control, but long-term graft survival remains a challenge due to immune rejection.MethodsScRNA-seq data from syngeneic and allogeneic islet transplantation grafts were obtained from GSE198865. Seurat was used for filtering and clustering, and UMAP was used for dimension reduction. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed between syngeneic and allogeneic islet transplantation grafts. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was performed on the HALLMARK gene sets from MSigDB. Monocle 2 was used to reconstruct differentiation trajectories, and cytokine signature enrichment analysis was used to compare cytokine responses between syngeneic and allogeneic grafts.ResultsThree distinct macrophage clusters (Mø-C1, Mø-C2, and Mø-C3) were identified, revealing complex interactions and regulatory mechanisms within macrophage populations. The significant activation of macrophages in allogeneic transplants was marked by the upregulation of allograft rejection-related genes and pathways involved in inflammatory and interferon responses. GSVA revealed eight pathways significantly upregulated in the Mø-C2 cluster. Trajectory analysis revealed that Mø-C3 serves as a common progenitor, branching into Mø-C1 and Mø-C2. Cytokine signature enrichment analysis revealed significant differences in cytokine responses, highlighting the distinct immunological environments created by syngeneic and allogeneic grafts.ConclusionThis study significantly advances the understanding of macrophage roles within the context of islet transplantation by revealing the interactions between immune pathways and cellular fate processes. The findings highlight potential therapeutic targets for enhancing graft survival and function, emphasizing the importance of understanding the immunological aspects of transplant acceptance and longevity.
Metabolic tumor volume and the survival of patients with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Lin , Jin Feng , Fan Hua 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) is a promising treatment for aggressive Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The aim of the meta-analysis was to determine the association between metabolic tumor volumes (MTV) derived on positron emission tomography before CAR-T infusion and the survival of patients with NHL.MethodsRelevant observational studies pertaining to the purpose of the meta-analysis were obtained through a search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from inception of the databases to April 1, 2024. The data was combined using a random-effects model that accounted for the potential influence of between-study heterogeneity.ResultsFifteen observational studies were included. Pooled results showed that compared to those with a lower MTV, the NHL patients with a higher MTV before CAR-T infusion were associated with a poor progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48 to 2.02, p &lt; 0.001; I2 = 20%) and overall survival (HR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.54 to 2.89, p &lt; 0.001; I2 = 58%). Subgroup analysis showed that the association between MTV and survival of NHL patients after CAR-T was not significantly impacted by study design, methods for determination of MTV cutoff, or analytic models (univariate or multivariate, p for each subgroup all &lt; 0.05). Subgroup analysis suggested a stronger association between MTV and poor survival outcomes in patients with median of lines of previous treatment of 2 or 3 as compared to those of 4 (p for subgroup difference &lt; 0.05). Further meta-regression analyses suggested that the association between MTV and survival was not significantly affected by sample size, age, proportion of men, cutoff value of MTV, follow-up duration, or study quality scores (p all &gt; 0.05).ConclusionA high MTV at baseline is associated with a poor survival of NHL patients after CAR-T.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://inplasy.com/, identifier INPLASY (INPLASY202450069).
Preemptive multimodal analgesia for gynecologic oncology patients undergoing laparotomy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Geng Zhiyu , Wang Bojie , Zhang Yan , Yan Xin , Hu Jun , Cui Ran , Song Linlin 
Published: August 2024

PurposeGynecologic oncology laparotomy leads to severe postoperative pain. We aimed to evaluate the effects of preemptive multimodal analgesic regimen on postoperative opioid consumption for patients undergoing gynecologic oncology laparotomy.MethodsIn this prospective, randomized clinical trial, 80 female patients scheduled for gynecologic oncology laparotomy were randomized to receive preemptive multimodal analgesia consisted of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block, cyclooxygenase−2 inhibitors, acetaminophen and intravenous morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) (Study group) or conventional analgesia with cyclooxygenase−2 inhibitors and morphine PCA (Control group). The primary outcome was morphine consumption in the first 24 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes were pain scores, nausea, vomiting, time to ambulation and flatus, length of hospital stay, satisfaction score, the 40-item Quality of Recovery score (QoR-40) and the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) scale.ResultsMorphine consumption in the first 24 h was 6 (3–9.8) mg in the Study group and 7 (3.5–12.5) mg in the Control group (p = 0.222). The Study group showed lower morphine consumption up to 6 h, lower pain scores up to 48 h, and earlier time to ambulation and flatus. The global QoR-40 score at 48 h [182 (173–195) vs. 173.5 (154–185.5), p = 0.024], subdimension scores of physical dependence at 24 h, physical comfort and pain at 48 h were significantly improved in the Study group.ConclusionPreemptive multimodal analgesia was not superior to conventional analgesia in reducing 24 h morphine consumption; however, it showed a significantly improved pain control and early quality of recovery thus can be recommended for gynecologic oncology patients undergoing laparotomy.
Comparison of the efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency in treating acute herpetic neuralgia and postherpetic neuralgia in the thoracic segment
Authors: Wang Huan , Zhang Dandan , Wang Shiyu , Wang Hui , Nie Huiyong 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in treating acute herpetic neuralgia (AHN) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in the thoracic segment.MethodsA total of 243 patients with thoracic herpes zoster-related pain (AHN or PHN) from January 2020 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups based on the timing of PRF after herpes zoster onset: an acute herpetic neuralgia group (within 90 days) and a postherpetic neuralgia group (more than 90 days). All patients were treated with PRF at the thoracic DRG. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 items (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9) scores were assessed before and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery, and the results were then compared between the two groups.ResultsPostoperative scores of VAS, AIS, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 in both groups were significantly lower than preoperative scores (P &lt; 0.001). From 1 month to 12 months after surgery, the AHN group showed significantly lower VAS, AIS, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 scores compared to the PHN group (P &lt; 0.001). In the AHN group, there was a gradual improvement in these scores from 1 week to 12 months post-surgery. Conversely, the PHN group's scores began to worsen slowly from 1 week to 12 months post-surgery. Over time, the difference in scores between the two groups also increased gradually.ConclusionPRF to the DRG is an effective treatment for patients with AHN or PHN who do not respond well to conventional treatments. For AHN patients, PRF to the DRG significantly enhances early pain control, improves sleep and psychological status, and may even prevent the development of PHN.
Evaluation of a biopsychosocial education resource for mild traumatic brain injury: a mixed method exploratory study
Authors: Faulkner Josh W. , Callagher Elise , Snell Deborah , Nielsen Kristopher , Cairncross Molly , Theadom Alice 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEducation is strongly advocated as a key component of treatment for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in clinical guidelines. However, there is mixed evidence on the benefit of education. This study aimed to evaluate a new education resource for mTBI. CLARITY is a freely available animated video based on a biopsychosocial conceptualization of mTBI, explaining the complex psychological, environmental and biological mechanisms behind symptoms and recovery.1Methods24 adults with a history of mTBI participated in this mixed method study to examine prior experience of mTBI education and to evaluate CLARITY. Following viewing of the education video participants’ were invited to engage in a semi-structured interview and to share their perceptions of it via an online anonymous questionnaire.ResultsThematic analysis of semi-structured interviews revealed one overarching theme: education is the foundation of recovery. Participants emphasised the critical role of coherent education in facilitating understanding, engagement in rehabilitation, and positive expectations during recovery. However, the first subtheme was that existing foundations are weak. Participants’ previous education was often limited in scope, inconsistent, and delivered in inaccessible ways. The second subtheme was that new foundations are stronger. Participants responded positively to CLARITY, highlighting its explanatory biopsychosocial approach, focus on mental health factors and accessible delivery methods as key strengths. Questionnaire responses revealed favourable endorsement of CLARITY’s utility, comprehensibility and accessibility.DiscussionRecommendations for minor refinements to CLARITY were provided and made, as well as for its use in health care services.
Exploring causal correlations between plasma proteins and peripheral neuropathy: a Mendelian randomization
Authors: Song Man , Chen Fang , Li Xiaocong , Chen Lu 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPeripheral neuropathy (PN) is a common neurological disorder, and circulating plasma proteins with causal genetic evidence are a major source of therapeutic targets. This study identifies several potential plasma proteins that are causally related to PN risk, providing new insights into protein-mediated pathogenesis of PN and potential targets for novel therapies.MethodsTo identify potential therapeutic targets for PN, we employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify plasma proteins associated with six common PN. First, we screened for proteins related to PN using genome-wide association studies (GWAS), obtaining genetic data on plasma proteomes from 35,559 Icelanders. Summary data for six common PN, including Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS), Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN), Alcoholic Neuropathy (AIP), Drug-induced Neuropathy (DIP), Diabetic Neuropathy (DP), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), were obtained from the FinnGen database. Two-sample MR and colocalization analyses were then conducted to further identify protein-PN pairs with presumed causal relationships. Enrichment analysis of positive proteins revealed potential biological processes and pathways. Based on drug-gene interaction analysis, we ultimately identified causal proteins associated with PN that could serve as potential drug targets for treating PN.ResultsThrough MR analysis, we identified eight proteins (UBC12, SEM4C, IL23R, Prothrombin, CBS, Microglobulin, MATN4, COLEC12) with causal relationships to PN. We found that UBC12 is a protective factor for DP and CTS, while the remaining proteins are risk factors. Further colocalization analysis showed a posterior probability of hypothesis 4 (PPH4) less than 0.75, indicating no positive colocalization results were found. From the pathway enrichment analysis, we discovered that the proteins were mainly concentrated in pathways related to defense response to bacterium, receptor signaling pathway via STAT, cell killing, negative regulation of cytokine production, and leukocyte mediated immunity. Finally, in Drug-Gene Interaction database (DGIdb), we identified three protein-coding genes (IL23R, F2, CBS) as potential drug targets for PN.ConclusionMendelian randomization studies confirm the causal relationship between genetically predicted PN-related risk and genetically predicted plasma protein abundance. Plasma proteins, as biomarkers associated with PN, can provide potential drug targets for etiological intervention research in PN.
Bilaterally positive head-impulse tests can differentiate AICA infarction from labyrinthitis
Authors: Kim Sung-Hwan , Kim Hanseob , Lee Sun-Uk , Park Euyhyun , Cho Bang-Hoon , Cho Kyung-Hee , Kim Gerard J. , Yu Sungwook , Kim Ji-Soo 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionVideo head-impulse tests (video-HITs) often fail to detect anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) infarction due to peripheral and central vestibular system involvement. Anecdotal studies suggest that video-HITs may reveal bilateral impairment in AICA infarction. However, the diagnostic utility of video-HITs has not been established, particularly when compared to labyrinthitis, which accounts for the majority of acute audiovestibular syndrome (AAVS) cases.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of consecutive patients presenting with new-onset acute hearing loss and spontaneous vertigo (i.e., AAVS) between March 2018 and July 2023 at a tertiary hospital in South Korea. Video-HIT patterns were categorized as follows: (1) ipsilaterally positive, (2) contralaterally positive, (3) bilaterally normal, and (4) bilaterally positive.ResultsTwenty-eight patients with AICA infarction (mean age±standard deviation = 67±15 years; 14 men) and 51 with labyrinthitis (63±17 years, 26 men) were included in the analyses. Among the 28 patients with AICA infarction, 15 presented with AAVS in isolation, without other co-morbid neurologic deficits (15/28, 54%). The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gains of ipsilesional horizontal canals (HCs) ranged from 0.21 to 1.22 (median = 0.81, interquartile range [IQR] = 0.50–0.89). However, those for contralateral HC gain ranged from 0.57 to 1.19 (median = 0.89 [IQR = 0.73–0.97]). Collectively, HITs were bilaterally positive in 13 patients (including 12 patients with bilaterally positive HITs for the horizontal canal), normal in eight, ipsilesionally positive in six, and contralesionally positive in one patient with AICA infarction. The VOR gains were typically decreased ipsilaterally in 28 (28/51, 55%), normal in 17 (17/51, 33%), and decreased bilaterally in six patients with labyrinthitis (6/51, 12%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that bilaterally positive HITs (p = 0.004) and multiple vascular risk factors (p = 0.043) were more frequently associated with AICA infarction than labyrinthitis.DiscussionAmong patients presenting with AAVS, bilaterally positive HITs can be indicative of AICA infarction in patients with multiple vascular risk factors.