bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Hölder-logarithmic stability estimate for an inverse problem in two dimensions
Authors: Santacesaria Matteo 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The problem of the recovery of a real-valued potential in the two-dimensional Schrödinger equation at positive energy from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map is considered. It is know that this problem is severely ill-posed and the reconstruction of the potential is only logarithmic stable in general. In this paper a new stability estimate is proved, which is explicitly dependent on the regularity of the potentials and on the energy. Its main feature is an efficient increasing stability phenomenon at sufficiently high energies: in some sense, the stability rapidly changes from logarithmic type to Hölder type. The paper develops also several estimates for a non-local Riemann–Hilbert problem which could be of independent interest.
Optimizing the underlying parameters for protein-nanoparticle interaction: advancement in theoretical simulation
Authors: Khan Syamantak , Nandi Chayan K. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe interaction of nanosized materials with living organisms is the central concern in the key applications of nanotechnology. In particular, the protein adsorption to nanomaterial surface has been a major focus of study in the past decade. Unfortunately, the underlying principles and molecular mechanisms are still not well understood, and there have been various approaches to address the issue. Bottom-up approaches like computational simulations at the atomistic level have already proved their potential. Several force fields and models have been developed to simulate realistic dynamics to mimic the interaction of solid surfaces and peptides, even in some cases, the whole protein. However, there are a few major limitations and bottlenecks of these studies, which remain mostly ignored and unexplored. Here, we review the studies that have been the major contributors to our present understanding of the nanoparticle (NP)-protein interaction. As the complexity of this phenomenon arises from different stages, the study of protein-NP interactions from multiple directions is necessary. In the perspective of bioapplications, we discuss the major challenges of this field and future scopes of research that can be designed rationally, sometimes coupled with numerous available experimental techniques to understand NP-protein docking in a more realistic manner.
Triticale straw and its thermoplastic biocomposites
Authors: Ngo Tri-Dung , Ton-That Minh-Tan , Hu Wei 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe potential of triticale straw for the production of green composites based on polypropylene (PP) was evaluated. The composites were prepared by melt compounding of PP and chopped triticale straw (so-called triticale particles) using different formulations and triticale concentrations. The morphology and crystallization of the PP triticale composites were characterized by means of various techniques, including optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The composite mechanical performance was also evaluated. The results obtained demonstrate that, by simply adding triticale particles into PP, they play the role of a conventional filler that increases the modulus while reduces the strength. However, the developed formulation with the combination of coupling agent and reactive additive provides superior strength and modulus for the composites; thus, it can upgrade the triticale particles from filler to reinforcement category.
Comparison Between the Effects of Combining Elastic and Free-Weight Resistance and Free-Weight Resistance on Force and Power Production
Authors: Paditsaeree Kampanart , Intiraporn Chaninchai , Lawsirirat Chaipat 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Paditsaeree, K, Intiraporn, C, and Lawsirirat, C. Comparison between the effects of combining elastic and free-weight resistance and free-weight resistance on force and power production. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2713–2722, 2016—Elastic tubing attached to a barbell has been reported to enhance strength and power to a greater extent as compared with conventional barbells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the additional elastic tubing to a barbell during a clean pull on peak power (PP), peak velocity (PV), and peak force (PF). Six competitive female weightlifters (mean age, 16.7 ± 2.1 years) performed 3 sets of 3 repetitions of the clean pull at 90% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Testing was conducted on 3 separate days: day 1 without elastic tubing (no tubing [NT]) and the other 2 days with 2 elastic tubing loading conditions (T10 and T20), in random order. No tubing represents a condition where all resistance was acquired from the barbell (90% of 1RM). T10 and T20 represent conditions of combining elastic tubing at 10 and 20% of the subjects' 90% 1RM with a barbell (90% of 1RM). One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to assess loading conditions on PP, PV, and PF. The results showed that there was a significant increase in all variables—PP, PF, and PV—between T10 and NT and between T20 and NT (p ≤ 0.05). The results revealed that adding a 10% increment to 90% of 1RM seems to be the optimal training condition for increasing power, force, and velocity during the clean pull.
Optimized Protocol for the Use of Thermo-sensitive Liposome in Tumor Therapeutics
Authors: Cha Jae Min , Choi Eun-Jung , Park Sang-Jun , Song Sang-Ok , Park Sun Min , Choi Kyu-Sil , Park Eun-Sung , Kim Hyun Ryoung 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTLiposomal drug delivery products have been already commercialized in tumor therapeutics, which can realize passive tumor targeting via enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect resulting from the leaky tumor vasculature. To control drug release out of the liposomes, thermo-sensitive liposomes (TSLs) have been developed so that an abrupt exposure of highly concentrated drugs to tumor tissues was enabled by locally treated thermal stimuli. As interests upon TSL have increased along with ongoing clinical trials, some types of TSLs with different physical properties in pharmacokinetics and the mechanism of drug release have been formulated. However, there are few protocols established with a desirable heat source to maximize the efficacy of different TSLs as treating tumors. In this study, we examined different protocols for the most effective application of different TSLs to tumor therapy. First, we examined if enhancing the accumulation of TSLs within tumor tissues prior to bursting drugs out of TSLs could lead to increasing anti-tumor efficacy. Second, we compared the efficiency of two different heat sources on the use of TSL, a warm water bath (42°C) and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Our study suggests that the specified protocol be setup for TSLs with different physical properties to optimally function in tumor therapies.
Recent Research Progress of Long-wavelength Emitting Long-persistent Luminescence Materials
Authors: Zeng Wei , Wang Yuhua , Li Yanqin , Xu Xuhui 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBlue and Green long-persistent luminescence materials have been fully developed, and are well featured in production and application. However, long-wavelength emitting materials are very rare relatively. This paper presents some work from our laboratory on the recent progress in long-wavelength emitting long-persistent luminescence materials: Sr3Al2O5Cl2: Eu2+, Tm3+, Sr2SnO4: Sm3+ and Ca2BO3Cl: Eu2+, Dy3+. The initial intensity of Sr3Al2O5Cl2: Eu2+, Tm3+ can reach nearly 5000 mcd/m2 and its afterglow can last about 220 min at recognizable intensity level. Sr2SnO4: Sm3+ has a red emission and its afterglow time of which sintered in vacuum atmosphere increased substantially. With optimum doping concentration and sufficient excitation with UV light, the yellow afterglow of Ca2BO3Cl: Eu2+, Dy3+ can persist over 48 h.
Polyacrylate nanoparticles mediated cytotoxic process in breast cancer 4T1 cell line
Authors: Barros Susan S. , Silva Jaqueline R. , Azevedo Ricardo B. , Lunardi Claure N. , Gomes Anderson J. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to develop a polymeric drug delivery system for tamoxifen (TMX), intended to be injectable Eudragit® nanoparticles (NP) for breast cancer treatment. TMX-Eudragit-NP were characterized in terms of particle size, surface morphology, drug physical state by using photon correlation spectrometry (PCS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The entrapment efficiency (%EE) and in vitrodrug release studies were estimated spectrophotometrically by UV-vis technique. The cell toxicity assay was performed in 4T1 cell line using MTT test. TMX-Eudragit-NP showed a maximum entrapment efficient of 23%. The size measurements were compared with the empty nanoparticles and showed values of TMX-Eudragit-NP = 133 ± 30 nm nm, and empty- NP = 273± 50 nm. The zeta potential of particles was +65 and +38 mV for TMX-Eudragit-NP and empty-NP respectively. FTIR studies did not indicate changes in chemical structure or polymer-drug interaction. The cytotoxicity against the 4T1 cells was affected significantly by the released amount of TMX, while empty-NP exhibit no significant cytotoxicity against mouse breast cancer cells (4T1 cell line).
Ceramic Actuators: Principles and Applications
Authors: Uchino Kenji 
Published: March 2014

Piezoelectric and electrostrictive actuators, capable of moving something electromechanically, are forming a new field between electronic and structural ceramics. Application fields are classified into three categories: positioners, motors, and vibration suppressors. The manufacturing precision of optical instruments such as lasers and cameras, and the positioning accuracy for fabricating semiconductor chips, which must be adjusted using solidstate actuators, is of the order of 0.1 μm. Regarding conventional electromagnetic motors, tiny motors smaller than 1 cm3 are often required in office or factory automation equipment and are rather difficult to produce with sufficient energy efficiency. Ultrasonic motors whose efficiency is insensitive to size are superior in the minimotor area. Vibration suppression in space structures and military vehicles using piezoelectric actuators is also a promising technology.New solid-state displacement transducers controlled by temperature (shape memory alloy) or magnetic field (amorphous magnetostrictive alloy) have been proposed, but are generally inferior to the piezoelectric/electrostrictive actuators because of technological trends aimed at reduced driving power and miniaturization.
Mechanical Behavior of Thin Films
Authors: Bravman John C. , Nix William D. 
Published: March 2014

The use of materials based on their mechanical behavior has moderated key aspects of the development of civilization. Starting perhaps with stone and wood, used more or less in forms provided directly by nature, progressing to the ferrous metallurgies that gave birth to the entire industrial revolution, and continuing with today's exotic high-strength, light-weight alloys and composites, materials have frequently been selected to fulfill the structural engineering needs of designers, builders, and inventors. Following these trends, studies of the mechanical behavior of solids, once the exclusive purview of blacksmiths and artisans, came to occupy the attention of scientists and engineers worldwide, and were foundational to the modern discipline of materials science and engineering.In this issue of the MRS Bulletin, we have selected five articles that highlight the intellectual coupling of traditional mechanical behavior investigations with the use of materials in thin film forms. Such a coupling is not entirely new. In an ASM-sponsored seminar held in 1963, for instance, one of the papers presented was entitled simply “Mechanical Properties of Thin Films.” Within the last decade, however, and due largely to developments within the microelectronic and magnetic disk industries, awareness of the need to predict, control, and understand the mechanical behavior of thin film media has grown rapidly. Many of the most important failure mechanisms operative in integrated circuits, for example, such as stress and electromigration voiding, are mechanical in nature.
Crack Characterization
Authors: Buck Otto 
Published: March 2014

Although cracks in structural components are, in general, highly undesirable, not all of them are detrimental to the life of the structure. To determine precisely how detrimental the crack actually is, one must characterize several crack parameters, particularly the location, size, shape, and orientation with respect to the applied stress. With these parameters and the magnitude of the applied stress, the driving force on the crack can be calculated by determining the stress intensity factorKor the stress intensity range ΔK. Most inspections today are performed in a scanning mode. If indications of some anomaly appear, the inspection is concentrated on these locations; and, if the response verifies the presence of a flaw, the size, shape, orientation of the flaw and the potential for future growth of the flaws are determined. This process is now termed “quantitative nondestructive evaluation” (QNDE).This short review is devoted to recent advances in the characterization of cracks in various stages of development. The increase in sophistication in instrumentation and the use of computers for data analysis and interpretation has been dramatic and will certainly continue.In the laboratory, compliance gauges and electrical potential drop methods are now extensively used for crack length and shape measurements. Acoustic methods are being widely used in industry as nondestructive testing and evaluation tools because they are relatively easy to apply to real structures.
Alternative Response Criteria (Choi, European Association for the Study of the Liver, and Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST]) Versus RECIST 1.1 in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Sorafenib
Authors: Ronot Maxime , Bouattour Mohamed , Wassermann Johanna , Bruno Onorina , Dreyer Chantal , Larroque Béatrice , Castera Laurent , Vilgrain Valérie , Belghiti Jacques , Raymond Eric , Faivre Sandrine 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Introduction.
Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), may underestimate activity and does not predict survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib. This study assessed the value of alternative radiological criteria to evaluate response in HCC patients treated with sorafenib.

Patients and Methods.
A retrospective blinded central analysis was performed of computed tomography (CT) scans from baseline and the first tumor evaluation in consecutive patients treated with sorafenib over a 2-year period in a single institution. Four different evaluation criteria were used: Choi, European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), modified RECIST (mRECIST), and RECIST 1.1.

Results.
Among 82 HCC patients, 64 with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B-C were evaluable with a median follow-up of 22 months. Median duration of sorafenib treatment was 5.7 months, and median overall survival was 12.8 months. At the time of the first CT scan, performed after a median of 2.1 months, Choi, EASL, mRECIST, and RECIST 1.1 identified 51%, 28%, 28%, and 3% objective responses, respectively. Responders by all criteria showed consistent overall survival &gt;20 months. Among patients with stable disease according to RECIST 1.1, those identified as responders by Choi had significantly better overall survival than Choi nonresponders (22.4 vs. 10.6 months; hazard ratio: 0.43, 95% confidence interval: 0.15–0.86, p = .0097).

Conclusion.
Choi, EASL, and mRECIST criteria appear more appropriate than RECIST 1.1 to identify responders with long survival among advanced HCC patients benefiting from sorafenib.
Landscape‐scale modeling of reference period forest conditions and fire behavior on heavily logged lands
Authors: Maxwell R. Stockton , Taylor Alan H. , Skinner Carl N. , Safford Hugh D. , Isaacs Rachel E. , Airey Catherine , Young Amanda B. 
Published: March 2014

Forest conditions prior to extensive land clearing are often used as a point‐of‐reference by ecologists and resource managers for characterizing the historical range of variability in forest conditions shaped by intact disturbance regimes. Quantitative data on forest reference conditions can be developed from forest surveys and reconstructions using dendroecology; however, these methods lack the spatial resolution needed for landscape management. In this paper, we combine predictive vegetation mapping methods with reference forest conditions inferred from early forest surveys, dendroecology, and fire simulation models to develop landscape‐scale reference conditions for forest structure, forest fuels, fire frequency, and fire behavior using the Lake Tahoe Basin, California as an example.The dendroecological reconstruction method used for the Lake Tahoe Basin forests was not sensitive to variation in decomposition rates suggesting that our method provided robust estimates of reference period forest characteristics. The cluster analysis procedure identified five forest structure types (white fir, Jeffrey pine, red fir, lodgepole pine, and subalpine) and 15 subtypes. Each forest type had a characteristic composition, density, and basal area. Our random forests approach to classifying and mapping the spatial distribution of the five dominant reference forest structure types resulted in 51.5% classification accuracy using 14 physiographic and climatic variables. The random forests model to identify subtypes within each forest group had an average percent correct classification of 47.8%. The random forests model for fire intervals explained 67% of the variance in the point fire return interval estimates from fire‐scarred trees. Estimates of reference period fuels modeled from stand structure suggested moderate fuel loads for reference forests. The predicted potential fire type for forest subtypes under extreme weather was surface fire except for red fir and the lodgepole pine subtypes with potential for crown fire. By characterizing the reference forest composition, structure, and disturbance frequency with a range of variability, managers can develop a forested landscape more resilient to changes in disturbance regime and climate. Although our approach was developed for the Lake Tahoe Basin, California, it could be applied to a wide range of forest landscapes to identify forest reference conditions.
Resilience and Treatment Adhesion in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Faria Daniella Antunes Pousa , Revoredo Luciana Silva , Vilar Maria José , Eulália Maria Chaves Maia 
Published: March 2014

Background:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune, rheumatic inflammatory disease
that can cause significant morbidity with evident psychological impacts and obvious harm to quality-of-life that require
the patient to adapt treatment.

Objective:
Assessment of resilience and the self-reported treatment adhesion behaviors of patients with SLE, investigating
which of these factors are associated to resilience.

Method:
Cross-sectional study of 40 women with SLE. A questionnaire with social demographic data, health history and
the Wagnild Young Resilience Scale were used.

Results:
62.5% followed the medical treatment properly but 55% found it difficult. 27.5% of the patients presented low
resilience, 57.5% medium and 15% high resilience. Resilience was associated in the chi-square test (p-value < 0.05) with
the variables work, understanding SLE, trying to find out about SLE, following the treatment correctly, difficulty in
following the treatment and stopping some activity because of the disease. In the correlation analysis, resilience was
associated with age (-0.3960), number of working hours (0.5533), specialized treatment duration (-0.8103) and disease
duration from diagnosis (-0.8014).

Conclusion:
Patients with high resilience tended to follow treatment correctly, tried to understand the disease and adhered
more to the treatment to avoid risks and promote protection factors. Therefore knowledge of resilience in patients with
SLE is necessary. It is important that the state takes necessary actions to facilitate access to treatment, to educational
programs and to medical support. Awareness and counselling sessions must be initiated to develop and promote individual
capacities to learn how to tackle with the disease for which psychological support of family and doctors can play a
significant role.
Analysis and Sentiment Detection in Online Reviews of Tax Professionals: A Comparison of Three Software Packages
Authors: Witherspoon Candace L. , Stone Dan N. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
This study analyzes the “tax talk” in online client reviews of tax preparers, and evaluates off-the-shelf (SentiStrength, LIWC2007, and DICTION 6.0) and customized software packages' detection of sentiment in these reviews. Compared to human-coded sentiment, three off-the-shelf programs poorly assess client sentiment. We adapted two software packages, SentiStrength and LIWC2007, to “tax talk” by splitting the sample into learning and holdout segments (n = 50 each). Results for SentiStrength with a customized dictionary and keywords evidenced high validity. The results suggest that client reviews of tax preparers contain unique taxation language.
Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.
Non-habitual wearing of high-heeled shoes increases loading coefficient, stress and forefoot-rearfoot load imbalance in females as revealed by the modified velocity field diagram
Authors: Ibeneme Sam , Ekeanyanwu Ann 
Published: March 2014

Summary
Study aim: To determine the effects of non-habitual wearing of high-heeled shoes on loading coefficient, loading stress and forefoot-rearfoot load imbalance in females
Materials and methods: Fifty young adult female subjects were selected using a convenience sampling technique, and studied utilising crossover control research design. They walked barefoot and thereafter, in high-heeled shoes; for a distance of 10- metre measured out in a gait laboratory. They demonstrated their gait twice for each speed, along a 10 metres walkway, at five speeds varying from very slow to very fast. Mean values of steps and time were recorded and used to calculate the values of velocity, stride length, stride frequency, double-support, swing, single-support, and stance phases of stride. These were adopted to form a modified velocity field diagram (MVFD). The data obtained were statistically analysed using a t-test for correlated means, with alpha set at 0.05.
Results: The MVFDs revealed that the F/R load ratios were obtained as 0.67 and 1.5, while loading coefficient was 0.4 and 0.6, for barefoot and high-heeled walking, respectively. Loading coefficient and stress in high-heeled walking was 1.50 and 1.88 of the value in barefoot walking, respectively.
Conclusions: Non-habitual wearing of high-heeled shoes increased F/R load imbalance, loading coefficient, and stress in the foot. However, there was no evidence of gait pathology in the subjects when they walked barefoot. Thus, non-habitual use of high-heeled shoes by the subjects did not translate to significant residual biomechanical derangements in the locomotor apparatus otherwise the kinematic data recorded for barefoot walking would have approximated the values obtained during high heeled walking.