bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriophages as Templates for Manufacturing Supramolecular Structures
Authors: Korkmaz Nuriye , Kim Young Jun , Nam Chang Hoon 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSS phages are genetically enginnered by replacing 2 N‐terminal amino acids of the p8 coat protein of the fd phage. AGE and zeta potential measurements show that SS phages carry at least 1/4 less net negative surface charge than fd phages. Morphology and thickness of phages are studied at different counterion concentrations (10−3, 10−2 and 10−1 M) by AFM, SEM and immunofluorescence analyses. Bundles induced by CoCl2 and CaCl2 are either metallized by chemical reduction or biomineralized for apatite‐like material formation. EDX spectroscopy confirms the presence of Co, P and Ca peaks in mineralized samples. Such bottom‐up manufactured phage scaffolds might be applied in bioengineering studies. magnified image
Evidence for possible non‐canonical pathway(s) driven early‐onset colorectal cancer in India
Authors: Raman Ratheesh , Kotapalli Viswakalyan , Adduri Raju , Gowrishankar Swarnalata , Bashyam Leena , Chaudhary Ajay , Vamsy Mohana , Patnaik Sujith , Srinivasulu Mukta , Sastry Regulagadda , Rao Subramanyeshwar , Vasala Anjayneyulu , Kalidindi NarasimhaRaju , Pollack Jonathan , Murthy Sudha , Bashyam Murali 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTwo genetic instability pathways viz. chromosomal instability, driven primarily by APC mutation induced deregulated Wnt signaling, and microsatellite instability (MSI) caused by mismatch repair (MMR) inactivation, together account for >90% of late‐onset colorectal cancer (CRC). Our understanding of early‐onset sporadic CRC is however comparatively limited. In addition, most seminal studies have been performed in the western population and analyses of tumorigenesis pathway(s) causing CRC in developing nations have been rare. We performed a comparative analysis of early and late‐onset CRC from India with respect to common genetic aberrations including Wnt, KRAS, and p53 (constituting the classical CRC progression sequence) in addition to MSI. Our results revealed the absence of Wnt and MSI in a significant proportion of early‐onset as against late‐onset CRC in India. In addition, KRAS mutation frequency was significantly lower in early‐onset CRC indicating that a significant proportion of CRC in India may follow tumorigenesis pathways distinct from the classical CRC progression sequence. Our study has therefore revealed the possible existence of non‐canonical tumorigenesis pathways in early‐onset CRC in India. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Theoretical limits on miniaturization of directional couplers designed as a connection of tightly coupled and uncoupled lines
Authors: Wincza Krzysztof , Gruszczynski Slawomir 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe problem of miniaturization of coupled‐line directional couplers designed as a connection of tightly‐coupled and uncoupled sections has been comprehensively investigated for the first time.It has been proven that in such couplers the stronger coupling is available in the structure, the greater miniaturization is achieved. A novel approach allowing for theoretical analysis of such couplers has been proposed. Moreover, a special case has been considered, in which couplers are designed with the use of a single section of uncoupled lines placed in the middle of a tightly‐coupled section. The proposed approach has been utilized for derivation of theoretical limits describing the maximum achievable minimization of the overall electrical length of couplers designed as a connection of coupled and uncoupled lines. The theoretical analyses have been confirmed by the measurements of two different directional couplers designed with the use of the proposed approach. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:223–230, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27233
Design of silicon‐based fractal antennas
Authors: Ghaffar Farhan A. , Shamim Atif 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis article presents Sierpinski carpet fractal antennas implemented in conventional low resistivity (ρ =10 Ω cm) as well as high resistivity (ρ =1500 Ω cm) silicon mediums. The fractal antenna is 36% smaller as compared with a typical patch antenna at 24 GHz and provides 13% bandwidth on high resistivity silicon, suitable for high data rate applications. For the first time, an on‐chip fractal antenna array is demonstrated in this work which provides double the gain of a single fractal element as well as enhanced bandwidth. A custom test fixture is utilized to measure the radiation pattern and gain of these probe‐fed antennas. In addition to gain and impedance characterization, measurements have also been made to study intrachip communication through these antennas. The comparison between the low resistivity and high resistivity antennas indicate that the former is not a suitable medium for array implementation and is only suitable for short range communication whereas the latter is appropriate for short and medium range wireless communication. The design is well‐suited for compact, high data rate System‐on‐Chip (SoC) applications as well as for intrachip communication such as wireless global clock distribution in synchronous systems. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:180–186, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27245
A fully integrated 40‐GB/S CDR with eight‐phase VCO for optical fiber communication
Authors: Chen Yingmei , Yan Shuangchao , Wang Zhigong , Zhang Li , Li Wei 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis article presents a fully integrated 40‐Gb/s phase locked clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit with 1:4 demultiplexer (DEMUX) in International Business Machines (IBM) 90‐nm CMOS technology.The CDR circuit incorporates a novel eight‐phase CL ladder filtering voltage‐controlled oscillator and a quarter rate bang‐bang phase detector. The 40‐Gb/s input data are sampled with eight parallel differential master‐salve flip‐flops every 12.5 ps and the 40‐Gb/s data are demultiplexed into four 10‐Gb/s outputs when the CDR circuit is phase locked. The recovered and frequency divided 10‐GHz clock has a phase noise of −101.01 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset and a peak to peak jitter of 3.4 ps. The CDR and 1:4 DEMUX consumes 72 mW from a 1.2 V supply excluding out buffers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:170–173, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27248
Small monopole antenna with semicircular ground plane for UWB applications with variable band‐notch structure
Authors: Aghdam Sajjad Abazari , Varkiani Seyed Mohsen Hosseini 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this article a novel small microstrip monopole antenna with balloon‐shape radiation patch and two circular ground structure in the back plane with variable band‐notch structure is presented.Impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is approximately 153% with S11 <−10 dB in the frequency range of 3.2–23 GHz over an ultra‐wideband frequency range with a variable center frequency band‐notch from 5.1 GHz to 8.2 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:12–14, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27255
WWAN printed monopole slot antenna with a parallel‐resonant slit for tablet computer application
Authors: Wong Kin‐Lu , Lin Wun‐Jian 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe use of a parallel‐resonant (PR) slit for dual‐band bandwidth enhancement of a small‐size printed monopole slot antenna to achieve the wireless wide area network operation in the tablet computer is demonstrated. The antenna is easy to fabricate by printing on a thin FR4 substrate of size 10 × 45 mm2. The PR slit, mainly configured as a spiral shape to occupy a small area of about 6.5 × 6.5 mm2 on the FR4 substrate, generates two parallel resonances at about 1.2 and 2.5 GHz to, respectively, result in dual‐resonance excitation of the quarter‐wavelength and half‐wavelength modes of the monopole slot at about 0.9 and 1.9 GHz. In this case, two wide operating bands are obtained to, respectively, cover the 824–960 and 1710–2170 MHz bands. That is, with the dual‐band bandwidth enhancement contributed by the PR slit, the proposed antenna can cover the GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS bands with a small planar size. Details of the proposed antenna are described in the article. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:40–45, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27273
A penta‐band folded antenna for mobile phone application
Authors: Guo Qingxin , Mittra Raj , Lei Fang , Li Zengrui , Ju Jilong 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA penta‐band folded antenna for mobile phone applications is presented.The antenna is comprised of two modified inverted‐L monopole radiators with a short grounded transmission line for impedance matching and includes a ground plane printed on FR‐4 substrate. The radiators are bonded onto a plastic carrier whose dimensions are 50 × 15 × 4 mm3. The antenna is designed and optimized to generate two separate bands, ranging from (i) 870 to 1010 MHz and (ii) 1710 to 2490 MHz with return loss for both better than 7.5 dB. Thus, the antenna covers five bands useful for mobile phone applications, namely, Global System for Mobile Communications/Digital Communication System/Personal Communication Services/Universal Mobile Telecommunications System/Bluetooth. The design strategy was such that the two separate widebands of interest can be controlled relatively independently. Design considerations for the constructed prototype are discussed. The effects of the ground plane, the mobile phone housing and the human hand on the return loss, and the efficiency of the proposed antenna are also investigated. It is found that the hand grip on the mobile phone has a significant effect on the performance of the antenna, especially its efficiency. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:34–40, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27274
Six‐minute walk test in healthy children: Is the leg length important?
Authors: Oliveira Andréia C. , Rodrigues Camila C. , Rolim Denise S. , Souza Altay A.L. , Nascimento Oliver A. , Jardim José R. , Rozov Tatiana 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRationaleMeasures as height, age, and weight influence the six‐minute walk test (6MWT). It was shown that children's true leg length (TLL) influence the 6MWT distance but so far it has never been evaluated how much this variable could predict the distance walked related to height. Our hypothesis is that there should not have any significant difference between models including height or TLL.ObjectiveTo establish and to compare the predicted walked distance of healthy children in the 6MWT by two distinct models, one including TLL and other including height.MethodsObservational cross sectional study. A total of 161 healthy children (84 girls, 52.2%), 6–13 years old from three local primary and secondary schools. Two 6MWT were performed following ATS guidelines. Weight, height, and TLL were measured. The longer walked distance was selected for statistical analysis.ResultsAnthropometric data were similar for both genders into each group of age. Mean (±SD) walked distances in whole group were: boys 704.4 m (77.7); girls 681.6 m (67.9; P = 0.049). In the univariate regression to predict the distance walked, the adjusted coefficients to TLL and height were in boys: 0.46 and 0.39; and in girls: 0.35 and 0.29, respectively. After adjusting for age and weight, the residuals of the two equations were not significantly different (P = 0.998).ConclusionThe model including TLL to predict the walked distance by healthy children explained more of the variation on the walked distance in the 6MWT than the model using the height but without significant difference between the models. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:921–926. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inhaled foreign bodies in children: A global perspective on their epidemiological, clinical, and preventive aspects
Authors: Foltran Francesca , Ballali Simonetta , Rodriguez Hugo , (Sebastian) van As Arjan B. , Passali Desiderio , Gulati Achal , Gregori Dario 
Published: November 2012

AbstractContextWhile several articles describe clinical management of Foreign Bodies injuries in the upper air tract, little epidemiological evidence is available from injury databases.ObjectiveThis article aims to understand the burden of airway FB injuries in high‐, low‐, and middle‐income countries as emerging from scientific literature.Data SourcesOne thousand six hundred ninety‐nine published articles 1978–2008.Study SelectionA free text search on PubMed database ((foreign bodies) or (foreign body)) and ((aspiration) or (airways) or (tracheobronchial) or (nasal) or (inhalation) or (obstruction) or (choking) or (inhaled) or (aspirations) or (nose) or (throat) or (asphyxiation)) and ((children) or (child)).Data ExtractionInformation on reported injuries according to country, time period, children sex and age, FB type, site of obstruction, symptoms, signs, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, delay at the diagnosis, complications, number of deaths.ResultsSerious complications occur both in high‐income and low‐middle income countries in a considerable proportion of cases (10% and 20%, respectively). Similarly, death is not infrequent (5–7% of cases).ConclusionsFew countries have good systematic data collection and there's a lack of sensibility in parents and clinicians in terms of acknowledge of the choking risk. On the contrary, international surveillance systems able to collect information in a standardized way need to be implemented. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:344–351. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sleep disordered breathing in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Oktem Sedat , Karadag Bulent , Erdem Ela , Gokdemir Yasemin , Karakoc Fazilet , Dagli Elif , Ersu Refika 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundUpper airway manifestations of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) can cause obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Also abnormalities of lung mechanics and gas exchange may lead to sleep abnormalities in these patients.ObjectivesTo determine the rate of OSAS and sleep quality in PCD patients, and whether these are related to upper respiratory system manifestations and severity of lung disease in these patients.MethodsTwenty‐nine PCD patients and healthy controls were included to the study. Respiratory symptoms within the previous month were separately scored with the severity of the symptoms. Physical examination, pulmonary function tests, and ear–nose–throat assessments were obtained. All patients completed the Turkish version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sleep questionnaire, and underwent overnight polysomnography. Categorical variables were compared with chi‐square and Fisher's exact test while continuous variables were compared with Student's t‐test.ResultsEleven PCD patients reported themselves to be “poor” sleepers, compared to only one subject in the control group (P = 0.002). Sixty‐five percent of PCD patients had habitual snoring (HS). Fifty‐two percent of the PCD patients had OSAS in polysomnography. OSAS rate was higher in PCD patients who snored (P = 0.008). HS and OSAS were more common in PCD patients who had cigarette smoke exposure in their homes (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively).ConclusionsPatients with PCD have decreased sleep quality and higher rate of sleep disordered breathing compared to controls and higher rate of OSAS compared to population rates. Cigarette smoke exposure is an important risk factor for OSAS in PCD patients. Assessment and treatment of sleep disorders in PCD should be a part of disease management. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:897–903. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chest CT in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Clinical and radiological correlations
Authors: Tonson la Tour Aude , Spadola Luca , Sayegh Yasmine , Combescure Christophe , Pfister Riccardo , Barazzone Argiroffo Constance , Rochat Isabelle 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundChest CT is very sensitive in assessing pulmonary damage in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and radiological findings in BPD are well described. Validated CT scores are available to assess BPD, as available in other pulmonary diseases such as cystic fibrosis.AimTo investigate whether there is a correlation between radiological pulmonary lesions and relevant BPD clinical data (gestational age, type and duration of mechanical ventilation, and severity of BPD) and assess the usefulness of a CT score in evaluating clinical severity.Materials and MethodsRetrospective study of 19 premature infants with BPD born between 1998 and 2007 who underwent at least one chest CT during their first year of life. A total of 29 CT were blindly evaluated by two radiologists for the presence or absence of pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities described in BPD (areas of decreased attenuation, presence of bullae/emphysema, bronchial wall thickening, bronchiectasis, linear, and subpleural opacities). This score was then compared with the most relevant clinical data.ResultsAll CT scans showed abnormalities. The most frequent lesion was bronchial wall thickening observed in all patients, followed by linear (89.5%) and subpleural (89.5%) opacities. Areas of decreased attenuation were found in 68.4%. Bullae/emphysema and bronchiectasis were the less frequent item described (26.3% and 21.1%, respectively). The presence of areas of decreased attenuation significantly correlated with BPD severity (P = 0.03). However, there was no significant correlation between the CT score and clinical data.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the potential usefulness of chest CT score to assess the severity of BPD. Areas of decreased attenuation seem the most sensitive item to predict BPD severity. More patients are needed to validate this approach and to evaluate the long‐term usefulness of CT scan. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:693–698. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) norms in healthy North African children 5–16 years old
Authors: Rouatbi Sonia , Alqodwa Ashraf , Ben Mdella Samia , Ben Saad Helmi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAims(i) To identify factors that influence the FeNO values in healthy North African, Arab children aged 6–16 years; (ii) to test the applicability and reliability of the previously published FeNO norms; and (iii) if needed, to establish FeNO norms in this population, and to prospectively assess its reliability.Population and MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional analytical study. A convenience sample of healthy Tunisian children, aged 6–16 years was recruited. First subjects have responded to two questionnaires, and then FeNO levels were measured by an online method with electrochemical analyzer (Medisoft, Sorinnes [Dinant], Belgium). Anthropometric and spirometric data were collected. Simple and a multiple linear regressions were determined. The 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and upper limit of normal (ULN) were defined.ResultsTwo hundred eleven children (107 boys) were retained. Anthropometric data, gender, socioeconomic level, obesity or puberty status, and sports activity were not independent influencing variables. Total sample FeNO data appeared to be influenced only by maximum mid expiratory flow (l sec−1; r2 = 0.0236, P = 0.0516). For boys, only 1st second forced expiratory volume (l) explains a slight (r2 = 0.0451) but significant FeNO variability (P = 0.0281). For girls, FeNO was not significantly correlated with any children determined data. For North African/Arab children, FeNO values were significantly lower than in other populations and the available published FeNO norms did not reliably predict FeNO in our population. The mean ± SD (95% CI ULN, minimum–maximum) of FeNO (ppb) for the total sample was 5.0 ± 2.9 (5.4, 1.0–17.0). For North African, Arab children of any age, any FeNO value greater than 17.0 ppb may be considered abnormal. Finally, in an additional group of children prospectively assessed, we found no child with a FeNO higher than 17.0 ppb.ConclusionOur FeNO norms enrich the global repository of FeNO norms the pediatrician can use to choose the most appropriate norms based on children's location or ethnicity. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:981–995. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Altering Reactivity of Aluminum with Selective Inclusion of Polytetrafluoroethylene through Mechanical Activation
Authors: Sippel Travis R. , Son Steven F. , Groven Lori J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMicrometer‐sized aluminum is widely used in energetics; however, performance of propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics could be significantly improved if its ignition barriers could be disrupted. We report morphological, thermal, and chemical characterization of fuel rich aluminum‐polytetrafluoroethylene (70–30 wt‐%) reactive particles formed by high and low energy milling. Average particle sizes range from 15–78 μm; however, specific surface areas range from approx. 2–7 m2 g−1 due to milling induced voids and cleaved surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy reveal uniform distribution of PTFE, providing nanoscale mixing within particles. The combustion enthalpy was found to be 20.2 kJ g−1, though a slight decrease (0.8 kJ g−1) results from extended high energy milling due to α‐AlF3 formation. For high energy mechanically activated particles, differential scanning calorimetry in argon shows a strong, exothermic pre‐ignition reaction that onsets near 440 °C and a second, more dominant exotherm that onsets around 510 °C. Scans in O2‐Ar indicate that, unlike physical mixtures, more complete reaction occurs at higher heating rates and the reaction onset is drastically reduced (approx. 440 °C). Simple flame tests reveal that these altered Al‐polytetrafluoroethylene particles light readily unlike micrometer‐sized aluminum. Safety testing also shows these particles have high electrostatic discharge (89.9–108 mJ), impact (>213 cm), and friction (>360 N) ignition thresholds. These particles may be useful for reactive liners, thermobaric explosives, and pyrolants. In particular, the altered reactivity, large particle size and relatively low specific surface area of these fuel rich particles make them an interesting replacement for aluminum in solid propellants.
Counterbalance of ligand‐ and self‐coupled motions characterizes multispecificity of ubiquitin
Authors: Dasgupta Bhaskar , Nakamura Haruki , Kinjo Akira R 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDate hub proteins are a type of proteins that show multispecificity in a time‐dependent manner. To understand dynamic aspects of such multispecificity we studied Ubiquitin as a typical example of a date hub protein. Here we analyzed 9 biologically relevant Ubiquitin‐protein (ligand) heterodimer structures by using normal mode analysis based on an elastic network model. Our result showed that the self‐coupled motion of Ubiquitin in the complex, rather than its ligand‐coupled motion, is similar to the motion of Ubiquitin in the unbound condition. The ligand‐coupled motions are correlated to the conformational change between the unbound and bound conditions of Ubiquitin. Moreover, ligand‐coupled motions favor the formation of the bound states, due to its in‐phase movements of the contacting atoms at the interface. The self‐coupled motions at the interface indicated loss of conformational entropy due to binding. Therefore, such motions disfavor the formation of the bound state. We observed that the ligand‐coupled motions are embedded in the motions of unbound Ubiquitin. In conclusion, multispecificity of Ubiquitin can be characterized by an intricate balance of the ligand‐ and self‐coupled motions, both of which are embedded in the motions of the unbound form.