bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of geotourism potential for hot spring tourism development in Karangan Sub-District, East Kutai Distric, East Kalimantan Province
Authors: Lismawati E , Sabrian P G , Putri R I , Saepuloh A , Shoedarto R M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
East Kutai is a district in East Kalimantan Province that possesses a diverse range of stunning geological heritage, distributed throughout the region, each with its own unique allure. In the Karangan District of East Kutai Regency, there are villages that possess alluring geotourism potential in the form of hot springs. Specifically, these hot springs are situated in Batu Lepoq Village and Pangadan Village, and they exhibit promising opportunities for further development. The objective of this research is to assess the state of geotourism in the study region, analyse the appraisal of geotourism potential, and provide recommendations for the development of geology-based tourist in the Karangan sub-district based on the conducted investigation. The study used the geotourism box, Kubalikova quantification analysis (2013), and Geological Survey Centre (2017) as methods. Additionally, interviews are conducted and analysed using SWOT analysis to generate recommendations. According to Kubalikova’s study in 2013, the Batu Lepoq Hot Springs location has a geotourism potential of 58%, indicating a moderate level of geotourism potential. On the other hand, the hot springs and Ampanas Caves have a geotourism potential of 67%, indicating a high level of geotourism potential. These assessments were based on an evaluation of the geological heritage resources [1]. The Batu Lepoq Hot Springs exhibit moderate geotourism potential in terms of scientific value, high geotourism potential in terms of educational value, medium geotourism potential in terms of tourism value, and low geotourism potential in terms of degradation risk. Ampanas Hot Springs exhibits significant geotourism potential due to its scientific and educational value, moderate potential for tourism, and relatively low danger of degradation. Both locations fulfil the requirements for development and management by necessitating increased promotion through various tourism events to attract the community. Additionally, efforts should be made to preserve the natural aesthetics of the surroundings, repair and maintain access roads, install street lights along these roads, and refurbish the pool. Furthermore, it is advisable to construct additional facilities such as toilets, gazebos, and maintenance areas, as well as build new structure.
Identification of geothermal pathways by fault fracture density (ffd) and gravity methods in Karangan sub-district, East Kutai district, East Kalimantan province
Authors: Hutauruk S A Y , Sabrian P G , Putri R I , Saepuloh A , Shoedarto R M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Presence of geothermal manifestations in the form of hot springs is very close to the presence of geological structures that become permeable zones in a Mangkalihat High geothermal system. There are two hot springs in this area, which are crossed by regional structures. So, it is important to identify the geothermal manifestation with the geological structure in this area to know the path of the geothermal flow. In this research, the fault fracture density method is used to determine the existence of structures on surface and the gravity method to determine the existence of structures below surface, which then from the results of the analysis will be correlated with the existence of geothermal manifestations in the area. The analysis results are found with the FFD method. The density of the study area has a value of 0 - 2,355 km/km2. Meanwhile, the results of the gravity method show that there are six normal faults and four thrust faults identified in the study area. Geothermal manifestations in the study area are related to the existence of high-density values in the study area, and geological structures identified through gravity are structures that are the pathway for the movement of hot springs.
Stratigraphy of Salodik Formation in Batutambung section, Toili, Luwuk, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Wijayanti H D K , Husein S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Salodik Formation is one of the formations representing a continental drift sequence prior to the collision of Banggai Basin, and it was widely cropped out in the East Arm of Sulawesi. The published geological maps of Luwuk dan Batui describe the Salodik Formation as massive and bedded limestone with marl intercalated and sandstone in the lower part, ranging from Eocene to Late Miocene. In Batutambung, Toili, the geological maps showing the Salodik Formation distributed in a NW-SE trend between two ophiolitic land masses, and suggesting intensive tectonic deformation along the trend. Preliminary geological investigations in this area show that Salodik rock sequences varied from other Salodik outcrops in different areas. Detailed stratigraphic measurements and rock sampling have been carried out along the road connecting Toili and Ampanan Tete., yielding a measured stratigraphy of 70 m vertically thick. Nine lithofacies were identified, i.e., coarse-grained sandstone (cS), micritic sandstone (mcS), fine-medium-grained sandstone (fmS), sandstone with coal spar (SMms), Mudrock (mM), micritic mudrock (mcM), Mudstone (MS), Wackestone (WS) and Packstone (PS). Facies association shows the rock sequence has shallowing upward or prograding pattern with depositional environment varies from an open marine, tidal channel, shoal, and restricted marine/ lagoon Based on foraminifera and nannofossil analysis, Salodik Formation in Batutambung section was deposited in Early Miocene (N6 or NN4-NN6), with paleobathymetry from middle to outer neritic. Based on its age and lithology character, the Salodik Formation in Batutambung is equivalent with Matindok Formation in Tomori PSC.
Unlocking clues on the provenance of the Zigzag Formation in Mountain Province, Northern Luzon, Philippines using sedimentary geochemistry
Authors: Joshua Novero Mark , Jan Sangalang Kenneth , Aira Gabo-Ratio Jillian , Dimalanta Carla , Payot Betchaida , Yna Rose Garcia Ma. , Alex Vianne Amoroso Juan , Manalo Pearlyn , Takahashi Ryohei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Provenance analysis using whole-rock geochemical data was carried out on the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene Zigzag Formation in southwestern Mountain Province, North Luzon, Philippines. Major and trace element geochemistry of the siliciclastic samples from the Zigzag Formation revealed a first-cycle mafic source of the detrital materials. This is consistent with other discrimination diagrams such as those using La, Sc, and Th to determine the provenance. Tectonic discrimination diagrams suggest an oceanic island arc signature for the source rocks of the Zigzag Formation. The Cretaceous to Eocene Lepanto Metavolcanics is proposed to be the source of the detrital materials comprising this clastic sequence. The results present additional information on the current understanding of the evolution of the Central Cordillera.
Electroless plating of copper on carbon fiber surfaces and corresponding mechanism
Authors: Wang Qing Hui , Li Xue Song 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Traditional methods for surface pretreatment of carbon fibers often rely on the use of precious metals like palladium and silver as activators to enhance surface reactivity through redox reactions, achieving metallization. However, such approaches are costly and economically inefficient. This study employed a cost-effective copper (Cu)-nickel (Ni) colloid mixture as an activator and investigated its effectiveness in enhancing surface reactivity. Meanwhile, it examined the influence of various parameters, such as pH value, reducing agent (formaldehyde (HCHO) concentration, temperature, and deposition duration, on the morphology and structure of copper-electrodeposited carbon fibers. To characterize the treated samples, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) were adopted, shedding light on the mechanism underlying copper electrodeposition on the carbon fiber surface. The results indicate that Cu-Ni colloid mixture activation exhibits significant improvements. The optimal conditions for uniform and smooth copper electrodeposition on the carbon fiber surface identified as follows: a pH value of 13.5, a HCHO concentration of 15 ml L−1, a temperature of 50 °C, and a deposition duration of 5 min. Consequently, these results represent a cost-effective alternative to traditional precious metal-based activation methods, with promising applications in surface pretreatment for carbon fibers.
Multi-modal flexible and inexpensive plasmonic metasurface for wide range of refractive index sensing
Authors: Biswas Vaswati , Vijaya R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A plasmonic metasurface containing nanobumps of sub-wavelength feature size arranged in a hexagonal pattern on a flexible substrate and covered with a thin film of gold is investigated as a refractive index (RI) sensor. The chosen polymer patterns coated with gold aid in activating the surface plasmon polariton modes. Using numerical calculations, it is shown that this surface can exhibit plasmonic effect with extremely shallow pattern height of 92.5 nm and minimal thickness of 25 nm of gold over it. The excitation of the plasmonic modes is confirmed using electric field profiles calculated at the relevant wavelengths. As the surface is highly sensitive to changes in the cladding index, and the chosen design aids in exciting three plasmon modes that are suitably well-separated in wavelength, this surface can be used for an extremely wide range of RI sensing because each mode contributes uniquely to a different range of RI. The results establish that the metasurface is suitable for a variety of applications, including gas detection with a sensitivity of 633 nm RIU−1 using mode-1, identifying SARS-CoV-2 viral molecules with a sensitivity of 428 nm RIU−1 using mode-2 and 238 nm RIU−1 using mode-3, and discriminating between normal and diseased brain tissues in the cerebrospinal fluid in the high-index range using mode-3. The prototype metasurface is made using a cost-effective soft lithography technique using an economical master mould. The inexpensive technique of fabrication, use of very thin metal film, and wavelength of detection lying within the visible to near infrared range imply a low-cost sensor. The structural and optical characterization of the prototype validates the numerical study of the sample.
When the Lord's House Closes
Authors: Delgado Melvin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The nation’s future rests on how well cities respond to demographic, ecological, economic, and political trends or challenges. These are not unique to the United States but are profoundly obvious in this country, especially in its inner cities. That includes buildings that have closed, churches and otherwise. Many forces can make church buildings redundant; religion is declining globally due to modernization, largely fed by secularization. Church closures are manifested differently in cities compared to their rural counterparts, with implications for how the nation views these closures and whether the political will can be mustered to address this trend. Regardless of their physical location, churches represent important social anchors, bringing together art, faith, and culture. They were developed with a specific set of reasons or a mission, one being to allow visitors to leave their world behind to enter a new world that provides solace, even if for a short period of time.
Anna Barbauld as a Philosopher of Art
Authors: Stone Alison 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Anna Barbauld’s prose and poetic work spanned the period from the late Enlightenment into Romanticism, and this chapter adds to the contemporary recovery of Barbauld by rediscovering her as a philosopher of art. After a sketch of her life and work, the chapter looks at her early essays on the problem of why we enjoy the sufferings of fictional characters. Next, the chapter looks at Barbauld’s important essay on the devotional taste, in which she argues that all exercise of the imagination is religious, and reciprocally that religion has aesthetic feeling and imagination as two of its central components. Devotion also unites the beautiful and the sublime. Through her writing for children, Barbauld’s applied devotional aesthetic hugely influenced nineteenth-century culture. Finally, the chapter turns to her edition of The British Novelists, discussing her argument for the legitimacy of the novel as an art-form and her idea of canons as temporary, partial, and provisional constructions.
Associations of 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk scores with cerebral small vessel disease: the PolyvasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and vaScular Events (PRECISE) study
Authors: Liu Dandan , Zhang Yanli , Cai Xueli , Yang Yingying , Wang Suying , Mei Lerong , Jing Jing , Li Shan , Wang Mengxing , Meng Xia , Wei Tiemin , Wang Yongjun , Wang Yilong , Pan Yuesong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores were useful for predicting large vessel disease, but the relationships between them and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) were unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate associations of 10-year ASCVD risk scores with CSVD and its magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers.

Methods
Community-dwelling residents from the PolyvasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and vaScular Events study were included in this cross-sectional study. At baseline, we collected data related to the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), pooled cohort equation (PCE), prediction for ASCVD risk in China (China-PAR) and Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation model 2 (SCORE2), and classified participants into low, moderate and high groups. Participants underwent brain MRI scans. We evaluated white matter hyperintensity (WMH), lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and enlarged perivascular spaces in basal ganglia (BG-EPVS) according to criteria of Wardlaw and Rothwell, and calculated total CSVD score and modified total CSVD score.

Results
A total of 3063 participants were included, and 53.5% of them were female. A higher FRS was associated with higher total CSVD score (moderate vs. low: cOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.53–2.34; high vs. low: cOR 3.23, 95%CI 2.62–3.97), and the PCE, China-PAR or SCORE2 score was positively related to total CSVD score (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, higher 10-year ASCVD scores were associated with higher odds of WMH (P &lt; 0.05), lacunes (P &lt; 0.05), CMBs (P &lt; 0.05) and BG-EPVS (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
The 10-year ASCVD scores were positively associated with CSVD and its MRI markers. These scores provided a method of risk stratification in the population with CSVD.
TEG® 6s coagulation testing with a novel heparin neutralization cartridge: Technical validation and determination of normal reference ranges
Authors: Hartmann Jan , Dias Joao , Shilo Alexandra , Bynagari Yamini , Garrett Brandon , Jeske Walter , Manukyan Zorayr , Mkhitaryan Karen , Adelmann Dieter , Subramaniam Kathirvel , Sakai Tetsuro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We sought to establish normal reference ranges (NRRs) for a novel TEG 6s cartridge (TEG 6s Citrated: K, KH, RTH, FFH [Global Hemostasis]) (Haemonetics Corporation, Boston, MA, US).

Methods
Healthy volunteers (≥18 years of age) included in this single-arm study provided single samples of whole blood. Primary end points included TEG parameters in the citrated kaolin (CK), CK with heparinase (CKH), RapidTEG with heparinase (CRTH), and functional fibrinogen with heparinase (CFFH) assays.

Results
Evaluable data were contributed by 164 volunteers (48.8% female; 62% White/Caucasian). The following NRRs were established: CK maximum amplitude (MA), 51.0 to 67.6 mm; CKH-MA, 51.8 to 67.9 mm; CRTH-MA, 53.0 to 68.9 mm; CFFH-MA, 15.3 to 34.4 mm; CK reaction time, 5.0 to 9.1 minutes; CKH reaction time, 4.9 to 9.4 minutes; CKH lysis 30 minutes after MA, 0% to 3.2%. Duplicate measurements demonstrated high reproducibility. CFFH-MA correlated with Clauss fibrinogen concentration (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.74). Laboratory-based studies demonstrated maintenance of the relationship between CFFH-MA and fibrinogen up to 1344 mg/dL (hyperfibrinogenemic samples) and acceptability of heparin neutralization up to concentrations of low molecular weight and unfractionated heparin of 1.3 IU/mL and 5 IU/mL, respectively.

Conclusions
This study established NRRs for the Global Hemostasis cartridge and serves as a proof of concept for the validity of results obtained using this cartridge.
Evaluation of parenteral diluent contamination by caprolactam
Authors: Curti Christophe , D’Huart Elise , Lamy Edouard , Primas Nicolas , Fersing Cyril , Bornet Charleric , Martin Nathalie , Pourroy Bertrand , Vanelle Patrice 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
A leachable cyclic amide (caprolactam) can be found in normal saline (NS) and 5% dextrose in water (D5W) plastic bags widely used in clinical practice if they contain polyamide in a multilayer sheeting. This contamination and the parameters that could influence its content have never been studied in a public work such as a scientific publication.

Methods
Two independent laboratories validated a caprolactam dosing method and studied contamination levels in several containers.

Results
Caprolactam content in multilayer polypropylene/polyamide/polypropylene plastic bags ranged from a mean (SD) of 5.43 (0.21) mg/L (D5W 1,000 mL) to 22.83 (1.26) mg/L (NS 50 mL). NS and D5W can be intravenously administered with a total daily dose of 3 L, corresponding to a minimal daily dose of 16.3 mg of caprolactam.

Conclusion
The high levels of contamination we have reported and the possibility of administering caprolactam to high-risk patients (eg, neonates, the elderly) should make it imperative for pharmaceutical companies to communicate publicly on the safety of caprolactam.
No evidence of adaptive tolerance of parasitism in a cavity-nesting brood parasite host
Authors: Peer Brian D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Acceptance of avian brood parasitism by hosts is one of the most enigmatic aspects of brood parasite–host coevolution. The most common explanation for acceptance of parasitism by hosts of the brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) is evolutionary lag, which suggests that hosts have not had enough time to evolve defenses against parasitism. Alternatively, acceptance may be the optimal strategy when the costs of rejecting parasitism exceed the benefits. The lack of nest site hypothesis applies to secondary cavity-nesting birds that cannot excavate their own nests and predicts that hosts accept parasitism instead of deserting a parasitized nest when there are no vacant nest sites available in which to renest. I tested this hypothesis using the prothonotary warbler (Pronotaria citrea), a commonly parasitized, cavity-nesting cowbird host. I used a paired nest box design and predicted that if hosts accept parasitism because of a lack of alternative nest sites, they should desert parasitized nests and renest in the vacant nest box on their territory. I recorded 37 cases where a nest was parasitized and warblers only deserted 2 parasitized nest boxes for a vacant nest box. Both desertions were attributable to factors other than parasitism and the rate of desertion did not differ from controls that only had a single nest box. Moreover, 7 of the warblers initiated clutches in nest boxes that already contained cowbird egg despite having vacant nest boxes available on their territories. These results indicate that warblers do not accept parasitism because of tolerance, but likely due to evolutionary lag.
HDXBoxeR: an R package for statistical analysis and visualization of multiple Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange Mass-Spectrometry datasets of different protein states
Authors: Janowska Maria K , Reiter Katherine , Magala Pearl , Guttman Miklos , Klevit Rachel E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Summary
Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS) is a powerful protein characterization technique that provides insights into protein dynamics and flexibility at the peptide level. However, analyzing HDX-MS data presents a significant challenge due to the wealth of information it generates. Each experiment produces data for hundreds of peptides, often measured in triplicate across multiple time points. Comparisons between different protein states create distinct datasets containing thousands of peptides that require matching, rigorous statistical evaluation, and visualization. Our open-source R package, HDXBoxeR, is a comprehensive tool designed to facilitate statistical analysis and comparison of multiple sets among samples and time points for different protein states, along with data visualization.

Availability and implementation
HDXBoxeR is accessible as the R package (https://cran.r-project.org/web//packages/HDXBoxeR) and GitHub: mkajano/HDXBoxeR.
Simple protocol for combined extraction of exocrine secretions and RNA in small arthropods
Authors: Fröhlich David , Bodner Michaela , Raspotnig Günther , Hahn Christoph 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The integration of data from multiple sources and analytical techniques to obtain novel insights and answer challenging questions is a hallmark of modern science. In arthropods, exocrine secretions may act as pheromones, defensive substances, antibiotics, as well as surface protectants, and as such they play a crucial role in ecology and evolution. Exocrine chemical compounds are frequently characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Technological advances of recent years now allow us to routinely characterize the total gene complement transcribed in a particular biological tissue, often in the context of experimental treatment, via RNAseq. We here introduce a novel methodological approach to successfully characterize exocrine secretions and full transcriptomes of one and the same individual of oribatid mites. We found that chemical extraction prior to RNA extraction had only minor effects on the total RNA integrity. De novo transcriptomes obtained from such combined extractions were of comparable quality to those assembled for samples that were subject to RNA extraction only, indicating that combined chemical/RNA extraction is perfectly suitable for phylotranscriptomic studies. However, in-depth analysis of RNA expression analysis indicates that chemical extraction prior to RNAseq may affect transcript degradation rates, similar to the effects reported in previous studies comparing RNA extraction protocols. With this pilot study, we demonstrate that profiling chemical secretions and RNA expression levels from the same individual is methodologically feasible, paving the way for future research to understand the genes and pathways underlying the syntheses of biogenic chemical compounds. Our approach should be applicable broadly to most arachnids, insects, and other arthropods.