bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Supramolecular Catalysis: A Bio‐Inspired Tool for the High Asymmetric Induction in the Enamine‐Based Michael Reactions.
Authors: Ramachary Dhevalapally B. , Sakthidevi Rajasekar , Shruthi Kodambahalli S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe Michael addition of cyclohexanone with nitrovinylphenols to afford enantiomerically pure hexahydroxanthenes proceeds via supramolecular catalysis by D‐proline and quinine‐NH‐thiourea followed by reductive etherification.
ChemInform Abstract: Combining Click‐Multicomponent Reaction: One‐Pot Synthesis of Triazolyl Methoxy‐Phenyl Indazolo[2,1‐b]phthalazine‐trione Derivatives.
Authors: Salehi Peyman , MaGee David I. , Dabiri Minoo , Torkian Laleh , Donahue Jordan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractOne C—C and four C—N bonds together with two heterocyclic scaffolds are formed in a highly selective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetoelectric Interactions in Lead‐Based and Lead‐Free Composites
Authors: Bichurin Mirza , Petrov Vladimir , Zakharov Anatoly , Kovalenko Denis , Yang Su Chul , Maurya Deepam , Bedekar Vishwas , Priya Shashank 
Published: October 2012

AbstractReview: 187 refs.
Pharmacogenetic Biomarkers as Tools for Pharmacoepidemiology of Severe Adverse Drug Reactions
Authors: Stankov Karmen , Sabo Ana , Mikov Momir 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Preclinical Research

The development of new genomic technologies has led to an exponential increase in the number of biomarkers for drug safety and efficacy. Pharmacogenomics has the potential to impact clinically relevant outcomes in drug dosing, efficacy, toxicity, and prediction of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Genotype‐based prescribing is anticipated to improve the overall efficacy rates and minimize ADRs, making personalized medicine a reality. Genome‐wide association studies have been increasingly applied to pharmacogenetics. Severe ADRs are a major issue for drug therapy because they can cause serious disorders and can be life threatening. For severe ADRs, significant associations have been reported for drug‐induced liver injury, statin‐induced myopathy, increased risk of hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant use, drug‐induced torsade de pointes, drug‐induced long QT, and severe cutaneous ADRs. This review summarizes the current position concerning the clinical and pharmacoepidemiological relevance of pharmacogenetic biomarkers in ADR prediction and prevention, with an emphasis on genetic risk factors and biomarkers for three specific severe ADRs.
Comparison of specialist and nonspecialist care pathways for adolescents with anorexia nervosa and related eating disorders
Authors: House Jennifer , Schmidt Ulrike , Craig Meghan , Landau Sabine , Simic Mima , Nicholls Dasha , Hugo Pippa , Berelowitz Mark , Eisler Ivan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjective:To explore the role of specialist outpatient eating disorders services and investigate how direct access to these affects rates of referral, admissions for inpatient treatment, and continuity of care.Method:Services beyond primary care in Greater London retrospectively identified adolescents who presented with an eating disorder over a 2‐year period. Data concerning service use were collected from clinical casenotes.Results:In areas where specialist outpatient services were available, 2–3 times more cases were identified than in areas without such services. Where initial outpatient treatment was in specialist rather than nonspecialist services, there was a significantly lower rate of admission for inpatient treatment and considerably higher consistency of care.Discussion:Developing specialist outpatient services with direct access from primary care is likely to lead to improvements in treatment and reduce overall costs. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
One‐, Two‐ and Three‐Dimensional 3d‐4f Heterometal Complexes Constructed from Pyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Peng Hui‐Min , Jin Hong‐Guang , Gu Zhi‐Gang , Hong Xu‐Jia , Wang Ming‐Fang , Jia Hong‐Yang , Xu Shi‐Hai , Cai Yue‐Peng 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe reaction of pyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylic acid (2,3‐pydcH2) with CuI and Ln2O3 under hydrothermal conditions generated a series of new one‐, two‐, and three‐dimensional coordination polymers, namely, {[Cu3Ln2(2,3‐pydc)6(H2O)12]·12H2O}n [Ln = La(1), Nd(2)], {[Cu3Ln2(2,3‐pydc)6(H2O)8]·6H2O}n [Ln = Sm(3), Gd(4)], and {[Cu3Ln2(2,3‐pydc)6(H2O)10]·10H2O}n [Ln = Tb(5), Ho(6), Er(7), Yb(8), Lu(9)]. The results show that compounds 1 and 2 (type I structure) are 1‐D Cu‐4f rhombic lattice chains that are formed through assembly of two building block units Cu3(pydc)6 and Ln(H2O)6. Compounds 3–4 (type II structure) are 2‐D layers that are constructed from building block units [Cu(pydc)2(H2O)2] μ2‐bridging adjacent 1‐D rhombic lattice chains –[(Cu2(pydc)4)‐(La(H2O)4)]n–. Complexes 5–9 (type III structure) are also isomorphous and have the same 3‐D network structures with 1‐D channels along the c axis, and are formed by assembly of building block units Cu3(pydc)6 with Ln(H2O)5. The progressive structural variation from the 1‐D chains 1–2 to 2‐D layers 3–4 and to 3‐D frameworks 5–9 is attributed to the lanthanide contraction effect and to the different coordination modes of 2,3‐pydc2–. The N2 gas adsorption and fluorescent properties of the partial complexes were also investigated.
Evaluation of the use of surfactants as additives in enzymatic glycerolysis reactions
Authors: Camino Feltes Maria Manuela , Villeneuve Pierre , Baréa Bruno , de Oliveira Débora , Ninow Jorge Luiz 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMAGs and DAGs are widely used as emulsifiers in many industries. During glycerolysis reactions for their production, the immiscibility of the glycerol and the oil phases is an important drawback for practical purposes. For overcoming this problem, the use of a food grade surfactant can be an important alternative to improve system homogeneity, leading to high TAGs conversion in short reaction times. On the other hand, food grade surfactants have bonds that could be modified by lipases. The main interest of this work was to qualitatively verify the reactivity of different Tween and soy lecithin used as additives in glycerolysis reactions in the presence of Candida antarctica B lipase. The biocatalyst had activity toward all tested surfactants in the experimental conditions chosen for the tested reactions. Despite this, MAG and DAG could be produced when using Tween 85 as additive in the enzymatic glycerolysis of fish oil. Our results therefore suggest that tested Tween and soy lecithin can be used as surfactants in glycerolysis reactions, but one has to consider their reactivity in the presence of lipases.Practical applications: This work investigates the reactivity of synthetic (Tween) and natural (soy lecithin) surfactants in the presence of lipase during glycerolysis reactions. Tween 85 was further applied in different reaction media for a better understanding of the modifications it was undergoing. The biocatalyst had activity toward almost all tested surfactants in the experimental conditions chosen for the preliminary assays herein performed, as qualitatively verified by thin‐layer chromatography. This result suggests that the use of phosphatides and polyoxyethylene esters as additives in glycerolysis systems has to be well evaluated as their enzymatic modification may generate problems during downstream processes for the recovery of the desirable products. The present report is part of a broader project aiming at building a platform to allow developing new processes for the production of emulsifiers through enzyme‐catalyzed glycerolysis reaction.
Effect of classic sterilization on lipid oxidation in model liquid milk‐based infant and follow‐on formulas
Authors: García‐Martínez Carmen , Holgado Francisca , Velasco Joaquín , Márquez‐Ruiz Gloria 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of classic sterilization on lipid oxidation of liquid infant and follow‐on formulas by analyzing formation of oxidized and dimeric TAGs. Model systems containing similar components and proportions to those normally found in manufactured samples and a mixture of high‐oleic sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, and fish oil were used to obtain a fatty acid composition profile in accordance with the EU regulations. For comparative purposes, some samples were prepared with high‐oleic sunflower or fish oil and others without the protein components and added Tween‐20. Quantification of total oxidized TAGs provided complete information of the oxidation state and showed clear advantages versus the other methods used, i.e., loss of PUFA and peroxide value. The results showed that the heat treatment used for sterilization did not lead to significant lipid oxidation, but the tocopherol concentration decreased significantly. The marked tocoherol losses found in protein‐free formulas together with the significantly lower tocopherol concentrations in infant formulas (80% whey in protein fraction) compared to follow‐on formulas (80% caseinate in protein ratio) showed the protective effect of the protein fraction, specially sodium caseinate.Practical applications: This study provides useful information on the utility of different methods used to evaluate oxidation in infant and follow‐on formulas. Quantification of total oxidized TAGs standed out because it is a direct and sensitive method and provides complete information at any stage of the oxidative process. Also, this study shows that important decreases of tocopherols may occur during formula processing and special cautions should therefore be taken during storage and commercialization to avoid additional antioxidant losses.
Changes of lipids in insect (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) during cooking and storage
Authors: Tiencheu Bernard , Womeni Hilaire Macaire , Linder Michel , Mbiapo Félicité Tchouanguep , Villeneuve Pierre , Fanni Jacques , Parmentier Michel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLipid stability of Rhynchophorus phoenicis (RP) larvae extract (edible oil) was evaluated, including the usual analytical indices and analysis by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy at different periods of freezing, refrigeration storage conditions and cooking methods. A study of the quality of oil obtained showed that boiling before smoking reduced the acidity of the oil. Boiling, refrigeration for 3 days or more, freezing, sun drying, and electrical drying increased the acidity of the oil. Culinary and dehydration methods significantly increased the peroxide value, especially when boiling preceded dehydration. Cool storage had protective effects on lipid oxidation of RP larvae. Smoking methods produced good quality products.
Synthesis and Characterization of Monosaccharide Derivatives and Application of Sugar‐Based Prolinamides in Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Agarwal Jyoti , Peddinti Rama Krishna 
Published: October 2012

AbstractFor the first time, the β‐anomer of N‐acetylglucosamine derivative methyl 2‐acetamido‐3,4,6‐tri‐O‐benzyl‐2‐deoxy‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (9b) was synthesized, isolated, and used in the synthesis of sugar‐based primary amine 4b. Sugar‐based primary amine 5a, an anomeric pair of monosaccharide derivatives 6a and 6b, and precursors to all these compounds were also synthesized, isolated, and well studied by standard spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR spectroscopy experiments such as 1H–1H COSY and HSQC. Then sugar‐based primary amines 4a, 5a, 6a, and 6b were converted into the corresponding prolinamide organocatalysts (i.e., 1a, 2a, 3a, and 3b) in high yields. The catalytic activity of these sugar‐based prolinamide organocatalysts was demonstrated in asymmetric aldol reactions in various solvents and at different temperatures. The oraganocatalyst 3a was shown to be an efficient and powerful organocatalyst for the enantioselective aldol reaction of various cyclic or acyclic ketones with aromatic aldehydes in a mild and facile reaction, which gave the corresponding aldol adducts with high levels of diastereoselectivity (up to 99:1) and enantioselectivity (up to >99 %) in almost all cases.
Methylation and microsatellite status and recurrence following adjuvant FOLFOX in colorectal cancer
Authors: Han Sae‐Won , Lee Hyun‐Jung , Bae Jeong Mo , Cho Nam‐Yun , Lee Kyung‐Hun , Kim Tae‐Yong , Oh Do‐Youn , Im Seock‐Ah , Bang Yung‐Jue , Jeong Seung‐Yong , Park Kyu Joo , Park Jae‐Gahb , Kang Gyeong Hoon , Kim Tae‐You 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe prognostic impact of CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) and microsatellite instability (MSI) on the treatment outcome of colon cancer patients receiving adjuvant 5‐fluorouracil/leucovorin/oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) is unclear. We investigated CIMP and MSI status in colorectal cancer patients treated with adjuvant FOLFOX. Stages II and III sporadic colorectal cancer patients who underwent curative resection followed by adjuvant FOLFOX were included. Eight CpG island loci (CACNA1G, CRABP1, IGF2, MLH1, NEUROG1, CDKN2A (p16), RUNX3 and SOCS1) and five microsatellite markers were examined. Disease‐free survival (DFS) was analyzed according to CIMP and MSI status. A total of 322 patients were included: male/female 192/130, median age 61 years (range 30–78), proximal/distal location 118/204 and Stages II/III 43/279. CIMP status was high in 25 patients (7.8%) and 21 patients (6.5%) had MSI‐high tumor. CIMP/MSI status was not significantly associated with DFS: 3‐year DFS 100% in CIMP(−)/MSI(+), 84% in CIMP(−)/MSI(−), 82% in CIMP(+)/MSI(−) and 75% in CIMP(+)/MSI(+) (p = 0.33). Results of exploratory analysis showed that concurrent methylation at NEUROG1 and CDKN2A (p16) was associated with shorter DFS: 3‐year DFS 69% in NEUROG1(+)/CDKN2A (p16)(+) versus 87% in NEUROG1(−)/CDKN2A (p16)(−) (p = 0.006). In conclusion, concurrent methylation of NEUROG1 and CDKN2A (p16) is associated with recurrence following adjuvant FOLFOX in Stages II/III colorectal cancer.
Influence of radiotherapy for the first tumor on aggressiveness of contralateral breast cancer
Authors: Sandberg Maria E.C. , Alkner Sara , Hartman Mikael , Eloranta Sandra , Rydén Lisa , Ploner Alexander , Adami Hans‐Olov , Hall Per , Czene Kamila 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe aimed to investigate if characteristics of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) are influenced by adjuvant radiotherapy for the first breast cancer. Using information from population‐based registers and medical records, we analyzed two cohorts comprising all women with CBC diagnosed >3 months after their first cancer (809 patients in Stockholm 1976–2005 and 750 patients in South Sweden 1977–2005). We used Poisson regression to calculate risk of distant metastasis after CBC, comparing patients treated and not treated with radiotherapy for the first cancer. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) of more aggressive tumor characteristics in the second cancer, compared to the first. For patients with CBC in Stockholm with <5 years between the cancers radiotherapy for the first cancer conferred a nearly doubled risk of distant metastasis [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27–2.88], compared to those not treated with radiotherapy. This was replicated in the South Swedish cohort [IRR = 2.12 (95% CI: 1.40–3.23)]. In Stockholm, we found an increased odds that, following radiotherapy, a second cancer was of more advanced TNM‐stage [OR 2.16 (95% CI 1.13–4.11)] and higher histological grade [OR = 2.00 (95% CI 1.08–3.72)] compared to the first, for patients with CBC with <5 years between the cancers. No effect on any of the investigated outcomes was seen for patients diagnosed with CBC >5 years from the first cancer. In conclusion, patients diagnosed with CBC within 5 years had worse prognosis and more aggressive tumor characteristics of the second cancer, if they had received radiotherapy for their first cancer, compared to no radiotherapy.
Prevalence and viral load of 51 genital human papillomavirus types and three subtypes
Authors: Schmitt Markus , Depuydt Christophe , Benoy Ina , Bogers Johannes , Antoine Jerome , Arbyn Marc , Pawlita Michael ,   on behalf of the VALGENT Study Group
Published: October 2012

AbstractOf the 120 known human papillomaviruses (HPV), 51 HPV types infect the genital mucosa. Very little is known about the prevalence and viral load of the majority of these low‐risk (Lr‐) HPV types in screening populations. We determined the prevalence of 51 HPV types and three subtypes in 999 consecutive BD‐SurePath™ liquid‐based cervical cytology samples collected during routine gynecological health checks from Belgian women. This series of screening samples was enriched with ASC‐US (n = 100), low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion LSIL (n = 100) and high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (n = 97) and analyzed by BSGP5+/6+‐PCR/MPG assay for 51 HPV types and three subtypes. In consecutive screening samples, any of the 54 genital HPV (sub)types was found in 37.1%; Hr‐HPV types were detected more frequently (26.8%) than the 31 Lr‐HPV types (16.4%) and the six possibly high‐risk types (6.6%). High viral load infections were present in 17.0% of the screening population. Among the women with cytological abnormalities, the prevalence of high viral loads of Hr‐HPV types increased from negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NIL/M) over ASC‐US, LSIL to HSIL (5.3, 47.1, 84.2 and 91.8%, respectively). The prevalence of possibly Hr and Lr‐HPV types increased from NIL/M to LSIL but declined to HSIL. From NIL/M to HSIL, Hr‐HPV infections showed an increasing frequency of high viral loads compared to total DNA positivity, but the increase between LSIL and HSIL was small. Type‐specific analyses revealed substantial differences between individual HPV types in these groups. Our study provides quantitative data for the whole spectrum of genital HPV in a Belgian screening population and in a representative set of women with cervical abnormalities.
A SIMPLE MODEL OF FUZZY IRRIGATION DEPTH CONTROL: AN APPLICATION OF AN INTELLIGENT STATE DROPPING (ISD) MECHANISM
Authors: Ganji A. , Shekarrizfard M. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTIrrigation scheduling is still a serious issue for water managers to achieve efficient water utilization. The dynamic nature of rainfall occurrence may lead to deep percolation, runoff and/or crop water stress, when the saturation allowance is not precisely determined for irrigation scheduling. In this paper, it was proposed to eliminate the fixed maximum allowable soil moisture from simulation‐based irrigation scheduling modeling and replace it with dynamic dependent values calculated by a fuzzy inference engine. In this case, the maximum allowable irrigation depth was not controlled by the field capacity level of soil moisture, and the saturation allowance is considered to store rain in the crop root zone. For this purpose, a classical simulation‐based irrigation scheduling model is modified based on an intelligent state dropping (ISD) mechanism. The theoretical basis of the ISD mechanism was previously developed by Ganji and Pouyan (2011). Application of the ISD mechanism considers water balance uncertainty by determining the maximum weekly allowable soil moisture (the level of saturation allowance). The proposed model is used to calculate a real case study of irrigation depth control of winter wheat, and the results are compared with classical irrigation depth control that considers a fixed level of saturation allowance. The results showed that the newly developed model of irrigation control depth effectively improves the results of classical models. As a result of 60 years of simulation, water loss and required irrigation depth were equal to (76.6, 1890) and (155, 2370) for the fuzzy and classical models, respectively. These results show a reduction in water loss of around 49%. It was also shown that although the total irrigation depth has been decreased for the fuzzy irrigation control model, the maximum crop water demand was supplied by the proposed fuzzy model completely. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective Voltammetric Determination of Tartrazine in the Presence of Red 10B by Nanogold‐modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Ghoreishi Sayed Mehdi , Behpour Mohsen , Golestaneh Mahshid 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA nanogold modified carbon paste electrode (NG‐CPE) was fabricated and used as selective voltammetric sensor for determination of Tartrazine in the presence of Red 10B using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and chronoamperometry (CHA). Electrochemical parameters including the diffusion coefficient (D), the electron transfer coefficient (aXXXXX), and the electron transfer number (n) were determined for the oxidation of Tartrazine. This modified electrode can be applied to simultaneous determination of Tartrazine and Red 10B, because of considerable decreases of anodic overpotentials for both compounds. After optimizing the experimental conditions, the anodic peak current of Tartrazine was linear to its concentration in the range of 0.05‐1.5 μmol l−1, and the detection limit was 0.017 μmol l−1 in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 4.0. The modified electrode has good stability and repeatability. It was applied to the determination of Tartrazine and Red 10B in soft drinks with satisfactory results.
Silk fibers and silk‐producing organs ofHarpactea rubicunda(C. L. Koch 1838) (Araneae, Dysderidae)
Authors: Hajer Jaromír , Malý Jan , Řeháková Dana 
Published: October 2012

AbstractScanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to study the silk spinning apparatus and silks ofHarpactea rubicundaspiders. Three types of silk secretions that are produced by three kinds of silk spinning glands (ampullate, piriform, and pseudaciniform) and released through three types of spigots, were confirmed for both adult and juvenile spiders. Silk secretions for the construction of spider webs for shelter or retreat are produced by the pseudaciniform silk glands. Silk secretions that are released from spigots in the course of web construction are not processed by the legs during the subsequent process of hardening. Pairs of nanofibril bundles seemed to be part of the basic microarchitecture of the web silk fibers as revealed by AFM. These fiber bundles frequently not only overlap one another, but occasionally also interweave. This structural variability may strengthen the spider web. High‐resolution AFM scans of individual nanofibrils show a distinctly segmented nanostructure. Each globular segment is ∼30–40 nm long along the longitudinal axis of the fiber, and resembles a nanosegment of artificial fibroin described by Perez‐Rigueiro et al. (2007). Microsc. Res. Tech., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.