bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Indicators for Salvage Surgery of Recurrent Sinonasal Malignancy
Authors: Kaplan Daniel James , Kim Jee Hong , Wang Eric , Snyderman Carl 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveIdentify prognostic factors after salvage surgery for recurrent sinonasal malignancy (SNM).Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center.SubjectsForty‐two patients who underwent curative surgery for locally recurrent SNM ± adjuvant therapy from June 5, 2000, to December 19, 2012. Patients without follow‐up were excluded.MethodsChart review with established prognostic indicators for primary malignancies. Statistical analysis included Kaplan‐Meier log‐rank test, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t test, and Cox regression.ResultsForty‐two patients met inclusion criteria: 38.5% developed a second recurrence, and 21.4% had metastases following treatment. The average disease‐free interval (DFI) was 26.9 months (range, 2‐90 months). DFI was significantly affected by ethmoid versus nonethmoid site (P =. 049), histology (P =. 012), carotid artery involvement (P =. 008), perineural extension (P =. 006), and clival invasion (P =. 015). The overall survival rates at 6 months, 12 months, and 5 years following surgery were 83.3%, 69%, and 47.6%, respectively. Survival was affected by histology (P =. 014), stratified grade (P =. 042), tumor extension into the orbit (P =. 019), carotid artery (P =. 001), perineural space (P =. 028), and clivus (P =. 022). Complications occurred in 28.6% of patients and were associated with histology (P =. 04). Length of hospital stay related to treatment was affected by histology (P =. 009), grade (P =. 013), and postoperative complication (P <. 001). The median percentage of time hospitalized was 8%, and 43% of patients who died within 12 months spent >10% of their remaining days in the hospital.ConclusionHigh‐risk histologic subtype (melanoma, sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine cancer, sarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma), grade, and orbital and skull base involvement negatively affect survival and/or DFI for patients with local recurrence of SNM. Improved stratification of patients can be used to guide decision making for patients with recurrent SNM and to avoid inappropriate surgery.
Patients’ Experiences Using a Brief Screening Tool for Medication-Related Problems in a Community Pharmacy Setting
Authors: Kernodle Amanda R. , Frail Caitlin K. , Gernant Stephanie A. , Pater Karen S. , Doebbeling Brad N. , Snyder Margie E. 
Published: October 2015

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore patient perceptions and the practical implication of using a brief 9-item scale to screen for medication-related problems in community pharmacies. Methods: Semistructured, audio-recorded, telephonic interviews were conducted with 40 patients who completed the scale and reviewed its results with their pharmacist. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative methods to identify themes. Results: Patients generally reported the scale was simple to complete and could be used easily in other community pharmacies. Participants shared they had increased understanding of their medications and confidence that their medication therapy was appropriate. Several patients reported having actual medication-related problems identified and resolved through the use of the scale. Patients also reported improved relationships with pharmacists and heightened belief in the value provided by pharmacists. Conclusions: This screening tool may have value in increasing patients’ understanding of and confidence in their medications, enhancing pharmacist–patient relationships, and identifying problems requiring additional interventions.
Global research productivity of N-acetylcysteine use in paracetamol overdose
Authors: Zyoud SH , Al-Jabi SW , Sweileh WM , Awang R , Waring WS 
Published: October 2015

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to examine the publication pattern of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) research output for paracetamol overdose at the global level. Methods: Data were searched for documents that contained specific words regarding NAC and paracetamol as keywords in the title and/or abstract and/or keywords. Scientific output was evaluated based on a methodology developed and used in other bibliometric studies. Research productivity was adjusted to the national population and nominal gross domestic product per capita. Results: The criteria were met by 367 publications from 33 countries. The highest number of articles associated with the use of NAC in paracetamol overdose was from the United States of America (USA; 39.78%), followed by the United Kingdom (UK; 11.99%). After adjusting for economy and population power, USA (2.822), Iran (1.784) and UK (1.125) had the highest research productivity. The total number of citations at the time of data analysis (14 March 2014) was 8785 with an average of 23.9 citations per document and a median (interquartile range) of 6 (1–22). The h-index of the retrieved documents was 48. The highest h-index was 32 for USA, followed by 20 for UK. Furthermore, the highest number of collaborations with international authors for each country was held by USA with 11 countries, followed by Canada with 7 countries. Conclusion: The amount of NAC-based research activity was low in some countries, and more effort is needed to bridge this gap and to promote better evaluation of NAC use worldwide. Our findings demonstrate that NAC use for paracetamol overdose remains a hot issue in scientific research and may have a larger audience compared with other toxicological aspects. Editors and authors in the field of toxicology might usefully promote the submission of work on NAC in future to improve their journal’s impact.
Fixation of the Proximal Metatarsal Crescentic Osteotomy Using a Head Locking X-Plate
Authors: Pauli Werner , Koch Axel , Testa Enrique , Dopke Kai , Perry Philip , Honigmann Philipp 
Published: October 2015

Background: We present a new method to stabilize proximal crescentic osteotomies (PCOs) for the correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus. Methods: A single-center prospective study with a consecutive series of 72 patients (94 feet) with a PCO was performed using a head locking X-plate. The primary aim was to investigate the stability of the osteotomy, measuring the dorsal elevation of the first metatarsal head, first cuneiform height, talus–first metatarsal angle, and first metatarsal inclination pre- and postoperatively. A secondary outcome assessed weight distribution during gait, quality of life, and radiologically documented bone healing process. Results: Ninety-three percent of the feet were within ±2 mm change for dorsal elevation of the first metatarsal head, and 72% for the medial cuneiform height. Eighty-nine percent were within ±4 degrees change for the first metatarsal inclination, 73% for the talus–first metatarsal angle, and 100% for the calcaneus pitch angle. The mean changes between pre- and 1-year postoperative were not significantly different for any of the stability measurements except for the first metatarsal inclination angle. The SF36 showed a significant improvement of physical function, general health, and decreased bodily pain. Harris mat footprints showed a decrease of 46% underneath the second and a pressure decrease of 40% underneath the third metatarsal head. Conclusion: This technique, of using a head locking X-plate to stabilize the PCO, showed satisfactory and reproducible results in terms of stability, clinical outcome, bone healing, and patient satisfaction. The plate provided substantial support for the PCO resulting in adequate and easy fixation. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
An innovative strategy to increase a professional workforce: the fast track initiative for health visitors in England
Authors: Sayer Lynn , Barriball K Louise , Bliss Julie , Bakhshi Savita , While Alison E 
Published: October 2015

Objectives Fast tracking is one strategy that organizations use to ameliorate workforce shortfalls by attracting new recruits, and accelerating their skills development and experience. In response to the Government’s target of rapidly expanding the number of health visitors in England’s National Health Service, the fast track initiative was launched to recruit newly qualified (fast track) as well as experienced (standard entry) nurses and midwives onto health visiting programmes. This paper evaluates the fast track initiative, from the perspective of fast track and standard entry students, practice teachers and health visitor managers. Methods A mixed methods design was used comprising a questionnaire survey (n = 71 students), semi-structured interviews (n = 37 students), telephone interviews (n = 13 managers) and six focus groups (n = 24 practice teachers). Data were collected between April 2012 and July 2013. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and the Pearson Chi-square test were used to analyse the quantitative data. The qualitative data were analysed thematically. Results Motivations for health visiting as a career choice were similar for fast track and standard entry students, with career progression and interest in health promotion being key motivators. There was consensus that personal qualities and characteristics were more important than experience or qualifications. However, fast track students were significantly less confident about their public health competencies in leadership and management (p < 0.05) and communication (p < 0.02). Practice teachers and managers also reported that fast track students required more intensive supervision particularly at the beginning of the programme. Programme completion including pass rates and academic achievement showed no significant difference by route of entry (p > 0.5). Conclusion Fast tracking offers a useful recruitment strategy in order to expand the health visitor workforce, but longitudinal research is needed to confirm benefits such as retention and career trajectories.
Development of a Smartphone Application to Capture Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Contents of Daily Food
Authors: Diouri Omar , Place Jerome , Traverso Magali , Georgescu Vera , Picot Marie-Christine , Renard Eric 
Published: October 2015

Background: Meal lipids (LIP) and proteins (PRO) may influence the effect of insulin doses based on carbohydrate (CHO) counting in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We developed a smartphone application for CHO, LIP, and PRO counting in daily food and assessed its usability in real-life conditions and potential usefulness. Methods: Ten T1D patients used the android application for 1 week to collect their food intakes. Data included meal composition, premeal and 2-hour postmeal blood glucose, corrections for hypo- or hyperglycemia after meals, and time for entering meals in the application. Meal insulin doses were based on patients’ CHO counting (application in blinded mode). Linear mixed models were used to assess the statistical differences. Results: In all, 187 meals were analyzed. Average computed CHO amount was 74.37 ± 31.78 grams; LIP amount: 20.26 ± 14.28 grams and PRO amount: 25.68 ± 16.68 grams. Average CHO, LIP, and PRO contents were significantly different between breakfast and lunch/dinner. The average time for meal entry in the application moved from 3-4 minutes to 2.5 minutes during the week. No significant impact of LIP and PRO was found on available blood glucose values. Conclusion: Our study shows CHO, LIP, and PRO intakes can be easily captured by an application on smartphone for meal entry used by T1D patients. Although LIP and PRO meal contents did not influence glucose levels when insulin doses were based on CHO in this pilot study, this application could be used for further investigation of this topic, including in closed-loop conditions.
New patient assessment in old age psychiatry: the importance of risk assessment
Authors: Hemsley Svetlana , McKnight Rebecca , Anwar Aneeba , Jones Sarah , Martos Lola 
Published: October 2015

Aims and methodIn recent years, the role of non-medical community mental health team (CMHT) clinicians has widened to include new patient assessments. It is unclear whether all professionals have the skills and confidence to undertake these to a high quality. This project investigated which professionals are doing new assessments, evaluated their quality and explored the assessors' unmet training needs. The study was based on the data extracted from electronic notes and a complete audit cycle in South Oxfordshire Older Adults CMHT; this was a cross-sectional study across Oxfordshire older adults services.ResultsMost new assessments (72.4%) were done by non-medical clinicians; the majority were missing important information, especially relating to medications and risk assessment. Only 75% of assessors felt at least ‘partially confident’ to do assessments and found them stressful, with 86% keen to undertake further training.Clinical implicationsSimple measures such as an assessment form, a programme of training seminars and adequate supervision, delivered to all CMHT clinicians, can ensure high-quality assessment in diverse clinical environments.
Exit examination: a survey of UK psychiatrists' views
Authors: Hughes Nicholas S. , Haselgrove Angela , Tovey Matthew S. , Khokhar Waqqas A. , Husain Muj , Osman-Hicks Victoria C. 
Published: October 2015

Aims and methodThe Royal College of Psychiatrists is considering how best to introduce a post-MRCPsych-examination assessment (‘exit examination’) in anticipation of external pressures to ensure patient safety through the use of such assessments. The Psychiatric Trainees' Committee conducted an online survey to gather the views of psychiatrists regarding the possible format and content of this examination in the hope that this information can be used to design a satisfactory assessment.ResultsOf the 2082 individuals who started the survey, 1735 completed all sections (83.3%). Participants included consultants and trainees from a range of subspecialties. There was general agreement that the content and structure of the exit examination should include assessment of clinical and communication skills.Clinical implicationsUK psychiatrists believe that an exit assessment should focus on clinical and communication skills. It should assess both generic and subspecialty-specific competencies and incorporate a mixture of assessment techniques.
Patient characteristics and predictors of completion in residential treatment for substance use disorders
Authors: Newton-Howes Giles , Stanley James 
Published: October 2015

Aims and methodTo identify the patient characteristics and rates of retention in a residential rehabilitation drug and alcohol service (Springhill) based on an eclectic model of care. Patients were assessed using the Alcohol and Drug Outcome Measure (ADOM), a brief tool designed for the New Zealand setting. We looked at correlations between demographic, social and drug use parameters. Logistic regression assessed the relative impact of each variable on completion.ResultsThe 183 patients who completed the data collection did not differ from 47 non-completers by demographic data; 62.2% of patients completed the programme, with equal number of men and women. One in five participants was Maori, the indigenous minority. Alcohol (51.9%) was the commonest drug of misuse, with methamphetamine (16.4%) and cannabis (14.2%) also significant. Completers were more likely to be Maori, have conflict with family and housing problems, although the last became non-significant in logistic regression.Clinical implicationsRetention rates are higher in Springhill than in comparable programmes. Ethnicity and family conflict predict completion, although the reasons for this are unclear. ADOM is an effective tool that can be used in a clinical setting to enable analysis of service provision.
Epidemiology on demand: population-based approaches to mental health service commissioning
Authors: Kirkbride James B. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryOne in three people will experience a mental health problem in their lifetime, but the causes and consequences of psychiatric morbidity are socially patterned. Epidemiological studies can provide aetiological clues about the causes of disorder, and when they can provide robust estimates about risk in different strata of the population these can also be used translationally, to provide commissioners and service planners with detailed information about local service need. This approach is illustrated using a newly developed population-level prediction tool for first-episode psychosis, PsyMaptic. Such public mental health prediction tools could be used to improve allocation of finite resources, by integrating evidence-based healthcare, public health and epidemiology together.
Lurasidone: a novel antipsychotic agent for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar depression
Authors: Loebel Antony , Citrome Leslie 
Published: October 2015

SummaryLurasidone is a novel antipsychotic agent approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in a number of countries including the UK, and is also approved in the USA and Canada for the treatment of major depressive episodes associated with bipolar I disorder as either a monotherapy or adjunctive therapy with lithium or valproate. In addition to full antagonist activity at dopamine D2 (Ki(D2) = 1 nM) and serotonin 5-HT2A (Ki(5-HT2A) = 0.5 nM) receptors, the pharmacodynamic profile of lurasidone is notable for its high affinity for serotonin 5-HT7 receptors (Ki(5-HT7) = 0.5 nM) and its partial agonist activity at 5-HT1A receptors (Ki(5-HT1A) = 6.4 nM). Long-term treatment of schizophrenia with lurasidone has been shown to reduce the risk of relapse. Lurasidone appears associated with minimal effects on body weight and low risk for clinically meaningful alterations in glucose, lipids or electrocardiogram parameters.
The methamphetamine problem
Authors: Galbraith Niall 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThis paper introduces the reader to the characteristics of methamphetamine. Explored within are the drug's effects on those who consume it as well as the history and prevalence of its use. The highly addictive nature of methamphetamine is compounded by its affordability and the ease with which it is produced, with North America and East Asia having become established as heartlands for both consumption and manufacture. The paper discusses recent cultural depictions of the drug and also the role that mental health professionals may take in designing and delivering interventions to treat methamphetamine addiction.
Update on the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies programme in England: Commentary on … Children and Young People's Improving Access to Psychological Therapies
Authors: Fonagy Peter , Clark David M. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryProfessor Sami Timimi recently expressed concerns about the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme. We argue that the concerns are largely unfounded and provide readers with an update on the programme.
Update on the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies programme in England: author's reply
Authors: Timimi Sami 
Published: October 2015

SummaryFonagy & Clark confirm in their rebuttal that they have an ideological commitment to the failed technical model of understanding and intervening in mental health problems that dominates current service provision. They fail to acknowledge the limitations and problems associated with Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) and Children's and Young People's IAPT (CYP-IAPT) and offer an unconvincing explanation for why they did not allow some of the vast tax payers' money that they had at their dispoal to be used to implement evidence supported relational models.
Detecting miRNA Mentions and Relations in Biomedical Literature
Authors: Bagewadi Shweta , Bobić Tamara , Hofmann-Apitius Martin , Fluck Juliane , Klinger Roman 
Published: October 2015

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have demonstrated their potential as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, participating in a wide spectrum of regulatory events such as apoptosis, differentiation, and stress response. Apart from the role of miRNAs in normal physiology, their dysregulation is implicated in a vast array of diseases. Dissection of miRNA-related associations are valuable for contemplating their mechanism in diseases, leading to the discovery of novel miRNAs for disease prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy.Motivation: Apart from databases and prediction tools, miRNA-related information is largely available as unstructured text. Manual retrieval of these associations can be labor-intensive due to steadily growing number of publications. Additionally, most of the published miRNA entity recognition methods are keyword based, further subjected to manual inspection for retrieval of relations. Despite the fact that several databases host miRNA-associations derived from text, lower sensitivity and lack of published details for miRNA entity recognition and associated relations identification has motivated the need for developing comprehensive methods that are freely available for the scientific community. Additionally, the lack of a standard corpus for miRNA-relations has caused difficulty in evaluating the available systems.We propose methods to automatically extract mentions of miRNAs, species, genes/proteins, disease, and relations from scientific literature. Our generated corpora, along with dictionaries, and miRNA regular expression are freely available for academic purposes. To our knowledge, these resources are the most comprehensive developed so far.Results: The identification of specific miRNA mentions reaches a recall of 0.94 and precision of 0.93. Extraction of miRNA-disease and miRNA-gene relations lead to an F1 score of up to 0.76. A comparison of the information extracted by our approach to the databases miR2Disease and miRSel for the extraction of Alzheimer's disease related relations shows the capability of our proposed methods in identifying correct relations with improved sensitivity. The published resources and described methods can help the researchers for maximal retrieval of miRNA-relations and generation of miRNA-regulatory networks.Availability: The training and test corpora, annotation guidelines, developed dictionaries, and supplementary files are available at http://www.scai.fraunhofer.de/mirna-corpora.html
A longitudinal study of MARS MRI scanning of soft-tissue lesions around metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasties and disease progression
Authors: Briant-Evans T. W. , Lyle N. , Barbur S. , Hauptfleisch J. , Amess R. , Pearce A. R. , Conn K. S. , Stranks G. J. , Britton J. M. 
Published: October 2015

We investigated the changes seen on serial metal artefact reduction magnetic resonance imaging scans (MARS-MRI) of metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasties (MoM THAs). In total 155 THAs, in 35 male and 100 female patients (mean age 70.4 years, 42 to 91), underwent at least two MRI scans at a mean interval of 14.6 months (2.6 to 57.1), at a mean of 48.2 months (3.5 to 93.3) after primary hip surgery. Scans were graded using a modification of the Oxford classification. Progression of disease was defined as an increase in grade or a minimum 10% increase in fluid lesion volume at second scan. A total of 16 hips (30%) initially classified as ‘normal’ developed an abnormality on the second scan. Of those with ‘isolated trochanteric fluid’ 9 (47%) underwent disease progression, as did 7 (58%) of ‘effusions’. A total of 54 (77%) of hips initially classified as showing adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD) progressed, with higher rates of progression in higher grades. Disease progression was associated with high blood cobalt levels or an irregular pseudocapsule lining at the initial scan. There was no association with changes in functional scores. Adverse reactions to metal debris in MoM THAs may not be as benign as previous reports have suggested. Close radiological follow-up is recommended, particularly in high-risk groups. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1328–37.