bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Likuiditas, Leverage, Komisaris Independen, Komite Audit, dan Profitabilitas terhadap Agresivitas Pajak
Authors: Kurnia Widyawati  , Sartika Wulandari  
Published: July 2024

This research aims to examine the effect of liquidity, leverage, independent commissioners, committee audit, and profitability on the tax aggressiveness of financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2018-2021. Tax aggressiveness is the company’s desire to reduce the amount of tax that must be paid by the company. Liquidity is proxied using the formula Current Ratio (CR), leverage is proxied using the formula Debt to Total Assets Ratio (DAR), independent commissioners are proxied using the formula total independent commissioners divided by total commissioners (KI), audit committees are proxied using the formula total audit committee (KA), and profitability proxied using the formula Return On Assets (ROA). The data in this sudy are secondary data obtained from www.idx.go.id or the company’s website. The population of this study are financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2021 which consists of 106 companies with a total of 424 population. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling method with a total sample of 180 samples from 45 companies. The results of this study indicate that leverage has a posivite effect on tax aggressiveness and profitability has a negative effect on tax aggressiveness. While liquidity, independent commissioners, and audit committees do not affect tax aggressiveness
Teknik Pengembangan Rencana Tugas Kelas berbasis Kecerdasan Generatif sebagai Solusi Untuk Menangani Kecurangan dengan Bantuan AI
Authors: Acep Hendra  , Supeno Handoko 
Published: July 2024

Pendidikan merupakan hal yang vital bagi perkembangan sebuah bangsa dan negara. Sayangnya teknik dan proses belajar mengajar terutama strategi pemberian tugas ajar yang ada cenderung tertinggal dengan kemajuan teknologi yang semakin pesat, hal ini menyebabkan minimnya pencegahan kecurangan yang saat ini semakin dimudahkan dengan keberadaan kecerdasan buatan terutama kecerdasan generatif dengan kemampuan yang luar biasa untuk menciptakan jawaban tugas secara instan. Jika terus dibiarkan maka hal ini dapat menurunkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Walaupun kajian mengenai pemanfaatan kecerdasan generatif telah banyak dilakukan namun masih belum ada metodologi praktis yang membimbing pengajar untuk dapat merencanakan tugas siswa berbasis kecerdasan generatif tersebut. Penelitian ini mengusulkan metodologi untuk pengembangan rencana tugas kelas yang berbasis kecerdasan generatif yang kemudian kami namakan sebagai Generative AI-based Classroom Task Planning(GACTP).
Kata kunci: Kecerdasan generatif, proses belajar mengajar, kecurangan dengan bantuan AI
Expression of ten-eleven translocation 2 and glutathione-S-transferase pi in colorectal cancer patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Papadatos Stamatis S. , Mitselou Antigoni , Lampri Evangeli , Bali Christina , Betzou Antonia , Varouktsi Anna , Katsanos Konstantinos , Galani Vasiliki 
Published: July 2024

Aims: To highlight possible correlations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with microscopic / macroscopic characteristics of colorectal cancer tissues, along with the expression of Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2) and glutathione-S-transferase pi (GST-pi) proteins.
Materials and methods: Tumors from 46 patients were embedded in paraffin blocks, stained with hematoxylin-eosin and studied microscopically. Immunohistochemical study of TET2 and GST-pi expression was performed. The results were analyzed and correlated with T2DM as comorbidity.
Results: All tumors expressed GST-pi at three levels (weak, moderate, and strong); two out of three tumors showed either weak or moderate TET2 expression. Patients without T2DM tended to have tumors with weak or no expression of TET2 (p=0.038) whereas diabetic patients’ tumors showed a significantly higher percentage of strong or moderate GST-pi expression (p=0.034). On binomial logistic regression, tumors excised from T2DM patients were 6.9 times more likely to show moderate (rather than weak and none) TET2 expression compared to tumors from non-diabetic patients (95% CI [1.33, 35.75]), and a 2.7-fold higher relative likelihood of showing strong (rather than moderate and weak) GST-pi expression (95% CI [0.63, 12.09]), taking into account sex, age, and tumor size. The association between T2DM and TET2 expression remains statistically significant in additional binomial analysis that was performed taking into account certain histological tumor characteristics.
Conclusions: TET2 and GST-pi are expressed in malignant colon tumors. T2DM in CRC patients was associated with the highest observed GST-pi expression; absence of T2DM was associated with the lowest observed TET2 expression. T2DM increases the probability of observing GST-pi and TET2 expression at maximum levels, independent of specific tumor microscopic features and certain patient characteristics.
Assessment of nonadherence to inhalation therapy in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Bulgaria
Authors: Pencheva Ventsislava , Genov Kiril , Todorov Todor , Kacheshmarov Stanimir 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Treatment for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is compromised, quality of life is negatively impacted, and significant financial losses result from nonadherence to the prescribed therapy.
Aim: To assess the nonadherence to inhaled therapy in patients with asthma and COPD in Bulgaria.
Materials and methods: A survey was conducted in 4020 asthma or COPD patients. Demographic data was collected, and a questionnaire was completed for assessing the adherence to inhalation therapy (using the Test of Adherence to Inhalers®, TAI).
Results: We found some level of nonadherence to the therapy in 77.2% of the patients. Factors such as sex, education, and smoking did not influence the adherence. There were regional differences in the diagnoses of asthma and COPD concerning intentional or unintentional nonadherence. Erratic and intentional nonadherence occurred more frequently with longer disease duration. When pMDIs were used as opposed to DPI devices, unintentional nonadherence to treatment was more frequent. Using pMDI instead of DPI was associated with a higher likelihood of observing erratic or intentional nonadherence in some regions of the country. There was a positive link between erratic nonadherence to therapy and an intentional or unintentional nonadherences to it.
Conclusions: The rate of nonadherence to inhalation therapy for asthma and COPD in Bulgaria is very high and vary for the different regions. The TAI questionnaire allows a quick assessment and definition of the basic types of nonadherence. Correcting the causes of non-adherence to therapy reduces the frequency of exacerbations, improves quality of life, and prolongs the life expectancy of patients with asthma or COPD.
Le “traitement” des personnes malades mentales à l’heure de la désinstitutionnalisation
Authors: Printz Antoine 
Published: July 2024

Cet article entend explorer les ressorts de la participation familiale au fonctionnement de l’institution psychiatrique, pensée essentiellement comme manière de configurer les relations en vue de “traiter” les personnes malades. Le travail effectué par les proches dans la sphère familiale est considéré, en tant qu’il s’aligne sur les moyens et les fins de l’institution, comme partie intégrante du traitement. À partir d’un matériau empirique qualitatif composite, nous montrons l’ “idéologie de la famille” observée sur le terrain, qui induit et organise la prise en charge d’une partie non négligeable du travail socialement nécessaire de traitement. Les dimensions émotionnelles d’inquiétude et de culpabilité qui colorent l’expérience des proches sont ensuite explorées et mises en lien avec cette participation des proches au traitement.
Efficacy of ultrasound-guided classical versus parasacral parallel shift technique of sacral plexus block for lower limb surgeries – A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nair Revathi , Samra Tanvir , Ashok Vighnesh , Jain Kajal 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:
Ultrasound-guided sacral plexus block has been used for anaesthesia and analgesia in lower limb surgeries. This study aimed to compare the block performance characteristics after ultrasound-guided (USG) sacral plexus nerve block (SNB) using the parasacral parallel shift (PSPS) approach versus the classical approach in patients undergoing orthopaedic below-knee limb surgeries.

Methods:
In this randomised study, 144 adult patients were randomised to receive USG SNB either by the classical approach (Group C) or the PSPS approach (Group P). A fixed dose of 20 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine was administered. Patients also received USG femoral nerve block with 10 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine. The primary outcome was the scanning time between the two groups. Secondary outcomes were the needling time, sensory and motor block onset and postoperative analgesic characteristics between the two groups. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The needling time and the scanning time were significantly lesser in Group P than in Group C (P < 0.05). Complete sensory and motor nerve blockade of the sciatic nerve was significantly higher in Group P (P = 0.029). Block performance time, time for sensory block and time for motor block were significantly less in Group P compared to Group C (P < 0.001). The postoperative analgesic characteristics were comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion:
The sacral plexus block with ultrasound-guided parasacral parallel shift technique had a lower block performance time with lesser needling and scanning time than the classical approach.
Role of Denosumab in Spinal Giant Cell Tumour
Authors: Naskar Susmit 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Giant cell tumour (GCT) of bone (GCTB) is a type of giant cell-rich bone lesion specified by the presence of numerous multinucleated osteoclast-type giant cells. Giant cells are known to express receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and are responsible for the aggressive osteolytic nature of the tumour. No available treatment option is definitively effective in curing this disease, especially in surgically unsalvageable cases. Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that targets and binds with high affinity and specificity to RANKL. Results from the studies suggest that denosumab is potentially effective treatment for patients with GCTB of the spine, including the sacrum. This study is a review to highlight role of denosumab in spinal GCT.
Primary Benign Neoplasms of Spine
Authors: Debnath Ujjwal Kanti 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Majority of primary vertebral tumours are benign and are often diagnosed incidentally on imaging. It is crucial to have an accurate diagnosis to avoid missing more threatening malignant lesions or infection. Many of these primary benign lesions can be locally aggressive and cause neural compromise or pain requiring active management. The most common benign tumours are osteomas and haemangiomas. Other benign tumours are similar to those observed in the appendicular skeleton, for example, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, fibrous dysplasia, osteochondroma, chondroblastoma, haemangioma, simple bone cysts, aneurysmal bone cysts, giant cell tumours, eosinophilic granuloma and notochordal rests. Most of these tumours are asymptomatic; however, locally aggressive lesions, for example, aneurysmal bone cysts or giant cell tumours, are characterized by back pain, neurological deficits and spinal instability. Sometimes, it is difficult to distinguish from more commonly encountered pain due to degenerative disc disease or malignant lesions and metastatic spine tumours, thus necessitating imaging techniques such as radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, which help in diagnosis. Generally, most incidental or asymptomatic lesions are managed conservatively, while symptomatic or locally aggressive lesions warrant active interventions. Some of these tumours require surgical resection or percutaneous techniques such as radiofrequency ablation, sclerotherapy or cryotherapy with favourable outcomes. This review elaborates different types of primary benign vertebral tumours, supported by characteristic imaging features.
The prognostic role of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Ghorai Rudra Prasad , Nayak Brusabhanu , Goel Ritesh , Gupta Prashant , Raj Rahul , Kaushal Seema , Nayyar Rishi , Kumar Rajeev , Seth Amlesh 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The blood-based inflammatory marker, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), is a reliable prognostic biomarker for several cancers. Although the literature supports the correlation between preoperative NLR, clinicopathological characteristics, and oncological outcomes in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), the cutoff of NLR is still debated. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of NLR in patients with UTUC.

Methods:
This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from July 2012 to December 2022 evaluating patients with UTUC who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). NLR was calculated using the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts obtained a day before the surgery and the cutoff value was set as 2.5. Kaplan–Meier and Cox’s proportional hazards regression were used to analyze the association between NLR and the oncological outcomes.

Results:
The study included 91 patients (78 males, 13 females) in the final analysis with a median follow-up of 49 months (8–130). The mean age of the patients with NLR <2.5 and NLR ≥2.5 was 56.88 years and 56.35 years, respectively, and the pathological stage was pT1 in 48%, pT2 in 20.88%, pT3 in 27.47%, and pT4 in 3.30% of the patients. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the preoperative NLR ≥2.5 was significantly associated (Hz = 7.17) with higher T stage, lymphovascular invasion, necrosis, nodal involvement, adjuvant chemotherapy, and worse overall survival (OS) (Hz = 9.87). The Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed an improved OS in patients with NLR <2.5, but a statistically significant difference in the recurrence-free survival was not found.

Conclusions:
Preoperative NLR is an easily available, inexpensive, and important prognostic biomarker of survival in patients with UTUC and has a potential role in risk stratification by predicting adverse clinicopathological characteristics.
The Effect of Chronic Levetiracetam Use on Erythrocyte Deformability
Authors: Çanakci Pinar Kiliçdagi , Şahin Pelin , Kilinç Sevtap , Sevgili Ayşe Meltem , Özyürek Hamit 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoenzymes is one of the targets in the development of new antiepileptics. Levetiracetam (LEV) is a new-generation antiepileptic drug frequently used in pediatric patients. It has a strong inhibitory effect on CA enzymes in many tissues, including erythrocytes.

Objective:
Due to CA enzymes have physical connection with the erythrocyte membrane and cytoskeleton, we aimed to evaluate the probable effect of LEV on the erythrocyte deformability.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted in the Experimental Animal Laboratory of Ankara Training and Research Hospital 24 prepubertal female Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups with six animals in each group. Group I: Control (distilled water), Group II: LEV50 (50 mg/kg/day), Group III: LEV150 (150 mg/kg/day), Group IV: LEV300 (300 mg/kg/day). The calculated dose for each animal was given by oral gavage once a day for 14 days, which is accepted as chronic use in experimental models. At the end of the treatment period, erythrocyte deformability was evaluated both with whole blood viscosity at high shear rates, and osmotic fragility test.

Results:
No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of osmotic fragility. Whole blood and plasma viscosity values also did not show any statistically significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion:
In this study, it has been shown that LEV does not have a negative effect on erythrocyte deformability. Therefore, we thought that it may be a good choice when an antiepileptic is needed in pediatric patients with hematological disorders.
Recombinant production of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in fusion to albumin binding domain with potential affinity to human serum albumin
Authors: Shafiee Fatemeh , Yazdani Ali 
Published: July 2024

Background and purpose:
Anakinra must be injected daily due to its short half-life and this leads to lower patient compliance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to produce an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) with albumin binding domain (ABD) as a novel fusion protein and evaluate its binding ability to albumin and its biological effects.

Experimental approach:
The three-dimensional structure of IL-1Ra-ABD was predicted by MODELLER software and its interaction with IL-1R was evaluated by the HADDOCK server. The expression of IL-1Ra-ABD was performed in E. coli in fusion with intein 1 of pTWIN1 in soluble form and then purified. The affinity of IL-1Ra-ABD to human serum albumin (HSA) was determined on native-PAGE, and its release percent toward time was evaluated. Moreover, an MTT assay was used to determine the antagonizing properties of recombinant IL-1Ra-ABD against IL-1β in A375 and HEK293 cell lines.

Findings/Results:
The stable complex of IL-1Ra-ABD with IL-1R established the absence of steric hindrance due to the addition of ABD to IL-1Ra. The expression induction of intein 1-IL-1Ra-ABD using 0.1 mM IPTG at 15 °C, and its cleavage represented bands approximately in 50 and 23 kDa. Furthermore, about 78% of IL-1Ra-ABD was attached to the HSA after 2 h of incubation, and the MTT assay showed no significant differences between the effects of IL-1Ra-ABD and native IL-1Ra in cell survival.

Conclusions and implications:
The production of soluble IL-1Ra-ABD with no significant differences in IL-1Ra antagonizing effects was successfully performed. IL-1Ra-ABD showed suitable interaction with HSA and was released over time. However, the half-life of IL-1Ra-ABD in vivo must be determined in the subsequent investigations.
Isolation of a novel quercetin derivative from Terminalia chebula and RT-PCR-assisted probing to investigate its DNA repair in hepatoma cells
Authors: Soumya Kallyadan , Haridas Karickal Raman , James Jesna , Sudheesh Sudhakaran 
Published: July 2024

Background and purpose:
DNA damage can lead to carcinogenesis if replication proceeds without proper repair. This study focused on the purification of a novel quercetin derivative present in Terminalia chebula fruit and studied its protective role in hepatoma cells due to H2O2-DNA damage.

Experimental approach:
The pure compound obtained from the silica gel column was subjected to structural characterization using spectroscopic techniques. MTT assay was employed to select a non-toxic concentration of the isolated compounds on HepG2 and Chang liver cells. The antigenotoxic property of the compound on HepG2 and Chang liver cells was carried out by alkaline comet assay. Analyses of expression levels of mRNA for two DNA repair enzymes, OGG1 and NEIL1, in HepG2 and Chang liver cells, were carried out using the RT-PCR method.

Findings/Results:
The pure compound obtained from the fraction-5 of diethyl ether extract was identified as a novel quercetin derivative and named 7-(but-2-en-1-yloxy)-2-(4(but-2-en-1-yloxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl)-3- (hexa-2,4-dien-1-yloxy)-6-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one. This compound recorded modest toxicity at the highest concentration tested (percentage cell viability at 100 μg/mL was 64.71 ± 0.38 for HepG2 and 45.32 ± 0.07 for Chang liver cells). The compound has demonstrated noteworthy protection against H2O2-induced DNA damage in both cell lines. Analyses of mRNA expression levels for enzymes OGGI and NEIL1 enzymes in HepG2 and Chang liver cells asserted the protective role of the isolated compound against H2O2-induced DNA damage.

Conclusion and implication:
The protective effect of a novel quercetin derivative isolated from T. chebula in the hepatoma cells is reported here for the first time.
Study of Demographic Patterns and Treatment Approaches of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Vadivelu Sharmila Devi , Priya Hannah Ratna , Themangani  , Mohan Sivakami 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) includes a wide spectrum of conjunctival and corneal intraepithelial neoplasia, which can manifest as mild, moderate, severe dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. OSSN can mimic many common indolent lesions like pterygium and have a potential for causing ocular and systemic morbidity and mortality. OSSN is more common in elderly males. ultraviolet-B light, human immune deficiency, and human papilloma virus have been proposed as major risk factors in aetiopathogenesis. Though diagnosis of OSSN is mainly based on clinical suspicion, definitive diagnosis needs histopathological evaluation. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography, ultrasonic bio microscopy, and impression cytology are nonsurgical tools used for diagnosis and management, of which anterior segment optical coherence tomography has brought about a paradigm shift in the diagnosis of OSSN.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to demonstrate the demographics, clinical profile, types of OSSN, management approaches, histopathology and the effectiveness of different approaches in patients with OSSN in a tertiary care centre in Tamil Nadu.

Materials and Methods:
It was a hospital-based prospective interventional study where 51 eyes of 50 patients with clinically suspicious OSSN were studied between July 2021 and January 2023 (over 18 months) with a minimum follow-up of 6 months.

Results:
The age group for the patients ranged between 30 and 79 years. Out of 50 patients, 26 were men and 24 were women with no sex predilection in our study. Unilateral involvement was seen in 49 patients and only one patient had bilateral involvement. Twenty-nine patients presented with gelatinous-like lesions, six with leukoplakic lesions, five with papilliform like lesion, nine with pigmented lesions and one with nodulo ulcerative type lesion. On histopathological examination, majority (21 patients) were severe dysplasia. Majority (78.4%) underwent surgical clearance with no recurrence. Adjunctive therapy to reduce recurrence included intraoperative cryotherapy and postoperative topical chemotherapy using mitomycin C.

Conclusion:
In our series, the most common morphological type of lesion was gelatinous, and surgical management using Shield’s technique was commonly used as the management option for unifocal lesions less than 5 mm with less than 4 clock hours involvement. The demographic profile was comparable with other studies on OSSN. Being a potentially malignant condition, a study on OSSN helps us in understanding the disease better and helps in early detection, leading to timely intervention and improved treatment outcomes. Furthermore, research on OSSN contributes to enhancing our knowledge on ocular oncology.