bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les techniques vinicoles grecques, des vendanges aux Anthestéries : nouvelles perspectives
Authors: Boulay Thibaut 
Published: January 2015

Greek wine making techniques, from harvest time to the Anthesteria: new perspectives.
The present paper examines the winemaking techniques developed by Greek practitioners to control the fermentation process, from crushing the grapes to the casking of pithoi, and the methods of wine maturing under oxidizing atmosphere. The three-day-long Dionysian festival of the Anthesteria could be related with the formation, at the end of the winter, of a voile or film of yeast on the surface of the wine, which the Greeks called the '' flower'' of the wine. Finally, this technical approach enables us to suggest a new commentary of the famous scene of the so-called stamnos of Nocera.
Alimentation et société dans la Rome classique : bilan historiographique (IIe siècle av. J.-C. – IIe siècle apr. J.-C.)
Authors: Badel Christophe 
Published: January 2015

Food and society in classical Rome : historiographic stock (2nd century B.c.-2nd century A.D.).
Born in the seventies’ second half, the social history of food get its final face in the nineties’ synthesis (M. Corbier, P. Garnsey). Its field includes : the diet, the social aspect of supply (food crisies and riots) ; the directions for preparation (gastronomy); the sociabilities and commensalities ; the connection with the social and sexual status; the standards and ideological frameworks. The connection with the social hierarchy has represented a central theme for a long time but that hierarchy is actually seen as a “tuilage” and not a rift. The actual debates’ stake on the food standard lead to this question: we must insist on the prohibitions or the moral codes’ plurality?
Objective Evaluation of Physical Functioning after Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitory Therapy in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Selection of 3 Feasible Performance-based Tests
Authors: van Weely Salima F.E. , Dekker Joost , Steultjens Martijn P.M. , van Denderen J. Christiaan , Nurmohamed Michael T. , Dijkmans Ben A.C. , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene E. 
Published: January 2015

Objective.(1) To select a limited number of performance-based tests that are reliable, show improvement in physical functioning after tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and generate information equivalent to the full set of tests, and (2) are feasible for use in daily clinical practice.Methods.Eight performance-based tests were evaluated. To eliminate redundant testing, the tests that showed adequate reliability, the highest standardized response mean (SRM), and the largest proportion of patients with an improved performance-based physical functioning were selected. The selected tests were combined into a new criterion for improvement in physical functioning (AS Performance-based Improvement; ASPI). The number and percentage of improved patients identified with the ASPI and identified with the full set of performance tests were compared.Results.Reliability for all tests was adequate to excellent (ICC 0.73–0.96). The tests for bending, putting on socks, and getting up from the floor had the highest SRM (0.52–0.74) and showed the largest proportion of improved patients after TNFi therapy. The combination of these 3 tests was feasible in daily clinical practice and showed improved physical functioning after TNFi therapy in 67% of the patients.Conclusion.The 3 selected tests are recommended for use in daily practice because they generate information comparable to the full set. They are reliable and feasible, and the combination of these tests showed improved physical functioning after TNFi therapy in 67% of the patients. Evaluation of physical functioning might be improved by adding these tests to other AS outcome measures.
Isolated Hematuria and Sterile Pyuria May Indicate Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Activity
Authors: Ding Jonathan Y.C. , Ibañez Dominique , Gladman Dafna D. , Urowitz Murray B. 
Published: January 2015

Objective.To identify patients presenting with isolated hematuria and/or pyuria in the absence of other systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity, describe their demographics, and determine whether they present with evidence of SLE flare in a period adjacent to the presentation.Methods.We studied patients followed at the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic between 1970 and 2012. An episode of isolated hematuria (> 5 red blood cells per high power field) and/or pyuria (> 5 white blood cells per high power field) was defined as 2 consecutive visits with these findings in the absence of other concurrent SLE manifestations such as proteinuria, casts, or azotemia. We then excluded patients whose findings might be explained by urinary tract infections, menstruation, urolithiasis, and/or anticoagulation. Only patients presenting with no other SLE disease activity were included.Results.Isolated hematuria and/or pyuria were identified in 49 patients, of whom 17 were excluded according to the criteria above, leaving 32. Twenty-four patients had another renal manifestation 1 year before and/or after the occurrence; 27 had a non-renal manifestation 1 year before and/or after the occurrence; 3 patients had a biopsy in the same time frame, all with evidence of active lupus nephritis. Therefore the majority of patients with an occurrence of isolated hematuria and/or pyuria had evidence of renal or other non-renal SLE disease activity at a time adjacent to this presentation.Conclusion.Although not proven, our results suggest that these manifestations were associated with SLE activity, either before or after the episode, and therefore may represent a phase of active disease.
Takayasu Arteritis-associated Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Wang Xu , Dang Aimin , Chen Bingwei , Lv Naqiang , Liu Qing 
Published: January 2015

Objective.To investigate the probable pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and therapy of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) in Takayasu arteritis (TA).Methods.A total of 48 patients with TA who had PH, 20 patients with TA who had pulmonary arterial involvement (PA) without PH, and 30 patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) were enrolled in the study from 2009 to 2013.Results.Among the 48 patients with TA who had PH, 36 (75.0%) had PA, and left heart disease (LHD) was present in 12 (25.0%). Serum levels of big endothelin 1 (ET-1) were independently correlated with pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (r = 0.33, p = 0.04). Compared to patients with IPAH, patients with PH because of PA who underwent right heart catheterization had lower average cardiac indexes (2.0 ± 0.5 vs 3.0 ± 1.2 l/min/m2, p = 0.05), and they all developed favorable responses to acute vasodilator testing (100%) in comparison to 10 of the patients with IPAH (33.3%). During a mean followup of 36.0 ± 13.2 months (12.0–65.0 mos), of the patients with PH associated with PA, 3 died of heart failure. Six patients who underwent pulmonary artery revascularization were found to have good prognoses after followup for a mean duration of 6.2 ± 1.9 months. Additionally, 12 patients with PH with LHD were followed for 38.4 ± 15.6 months (12.0–60.0 mos), and 1 patient died of heart failure during the followup period.Conclusion.Patients with TA are at increased risk for PH. Early screening of patients with TA with unexplained symptoms related to PH should be applied. PH-specific therapies or revascularization may be effective treatments in the early stages of patients with PA, PH, and severe pulmonary artery stenosis.
Incidence of Malignancy and the Risk of Lymphoma in Japanese Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared to the General Population
Authors: Hashimoto Atsushi , Chiba Noriyuki , Tsuno Hirotaka , Komiya Akiko , Furukawa Hiroshi , Matsui Toshihiro , Nishino Jinju , Tohma Shigeto 
Published: January 2015

Objective.Recent advances in the management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) increased the rates of disease remission and patient life expectancy, while malignancy has become a more common cause of death. Here, we report the incidence of malignancy in a nationwide survey of Japanese patients with RA compared to the general population, focusing on the risk of lymphoma, which often arises in patients with RA.Methods.Data on the occurrence of malignancy were collected from patients registered in a nationwide Japanese cohort database, the National Database of Rheumatic Diseases by iR-net in Japan, from 2003 to 2012. To adjust for different population composition and to compare the incidence of malignancy with the general population, standardized incidence rates (SIR) were calculated. To identify risk factors for lymphoma, individual patient data were obtained for multivariate analysis for the year before lymphoma diagnosis.Results.In 10 years, the cohort composed of 66,953 patient-years yielded 559 malignancies, most frequently lung cancer, followed by gastric cancer, breast cancer, and lymphoma. The overall incidence of malignancies in patients with RA was slightly lower than in the general population (SIR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82–0.97). However, lymphoma risk was significantly higher (SIR 3.43, 95% CI 2.59–4.28), whereas risk of colon, rectal, or liver cancer was lower. Significant risk factors for lymphoma were the use of methotrexate or tacrolimus, and higher age.Conclusion.Patients with RA had no higher overall incidence of malignancies, but lymphoma was significantly more frequent than in the general population.
Elevation of Serum Immunoglobulin Free Light Chains During the Preclinical Period of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Deng Xiaoli , Crowson Cynthia S. , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Dispenzieri Angela , Larson Dirk R. , Therneau Terry M. , Matteson Eric L. , Kyle Robert A. , Katzmann Jerry A. , Gabriel Sherine E. , Davis John M. 
Published: January 2015

Objective.Immunoglobulin free light chains (FLC) represent biomarkers of B cell activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and are associated with all-cause mortality in the general population. Our objective was to evaluate the relationships of serum FLC to preclinical disease, RA characteristics, and mortality in RA compared to non-RA subjects.Methods.A population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA, was performed by crosslinking a large cohort in the general population having available serum FLC measurements with established RA incidence and prevalence cohorts. Serum κ, λ, and total FLC and their trends relative to RA incidence were compared between RA and non-RA subjects. Regression models were used to determine the associations between FLC, disease characteristics, and mortality, testing for differential effects of FLC on mortality in RA.Results.Among 16,609 subjects, 270 fulfilled the criteria for RA at the time of FLC measurement. Mean total FLC were significantly higher in RA compared to non-RA subjects (4.2 vs 3.3 mg/dl, p < 0.001). FLC became elevated 3–5 years before the clinical onset of RA and remained elevated during followup. Polyclonal FLC were found to predict higher mortality in persons with RA, though elevation to the highest decile had a relatively lower effect on mortality in RA compared to non-RA subjects.Conclusion.Elevation of serum FLC precedes the development of RA and may be useful in monitoring B cell activity and disease progression. FLC are associated with mortality among patients with RA as well as the general population.
Neurocognitive Impairment in Corticosteroid-naive Patients with Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Prospective Study
Authors: Nishimura Katsuji , Omori Masako , Katsumata Yasuhiro , Sato Eri , Gono Takahisa , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Harigai Masayoshi , Mimura Masaru , Yamanaka Hisashi , Ishigooka Jun 
Published: January 2015

Objective.Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) has been intensively studied in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, those studies have mostly included patients who were treated with corticosteroids, which may itself induce NCI. We investigated NCI in corticosteroid-naive people with SLE who did not exhibit any overt neuropsychiatric manifestations.Methods.Forty-three inpatients with SLE who had no current or past neuropsychiatric history participated in the study. Patients and 30 healthy control subjects with similar demographic characteristics were given a 1-h battery of neuropsychological tests. NCI was defined as scores at least 2 SD below the mean of the healthy control group on at least 2 of the 7 neurocognitive domains. Results of clinical, laboratory, and neurologic tests were compared regarding the presence of NCI.Results.NCI was identified in 12 patients (27.9%) with SLE and in 2 control subjects (6.7%). Patients with SLE showed a significant impairment compared with controls on tasks assessing immediate recall, complex attention/executive function, and psychomotor speed. We identified psychomotor speed (Digit Symbol Substitution Test) as the factor that best differentiated the 2 groups. Further, we identified the score of the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 as an independent risk factor for NCI in patients with SLE.Conclusion.We conclude that reduced psychomotor speed is an SLE-specific pattern of NCI. Verbal-memory deficits that have been reported in patients with SLE were not evident among patients who were corticosteroid-naive. Our results indicate that impaired psychomotor speed may be added to the symptoms of early SLE.
Association Between Corrected QT Interval and Inflammatory Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Adlan Ahmed M. , Panoulas Vasileios F. , Smith Jacqueline P. , Fisher James P. , Kitas George D. 
Published: January 2015

Objective.Corrected QT (QTc) interval predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and may contribute to the increased mortality risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Animal experiments have shown that proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin 1 (IL-1)] can prolong cardiomyocyte action potential. We sought to determine whether elevations in circulating inflammatory cytokines were independently associated with QTc prolongation in patients with RA.Methods.One hundred twelve patients [median age 62 (interquartile range 17) yrs; 80 women (71%)] from a well-characterized RA cohort underwent baseline 12-lead electrocardiograms for QT interval measurement and contemporary blood sampling to assess concentrations of inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α, and interleukins (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10). QTc was calculated using the Bazett (QTBAZ= QT ÷ √RR) and Framingham Heart Study (QTFHS= QT + 0.154 × [1 – RR]) heart rate correction formulas.Results.Inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) were positively correlated with QTBAZ(Spearman rank correlation coefficient rho = 0.199, 0.210, 0.222, 0.333; all p < 0.05). In multivariable regression analysis, these associations were all confounded by age except IL-10, where higher tertile groups were independently and positively associated with QTBAZ(β = 0.202, p = 0.023) and QTFHS(β = 0.223, p = 0.009) when compared to the lower tertile. CRP (per unit increase) was independently associated with QTBAZ(β = 0.278, p = 0.001), but not QTFHS.Conclusion.To our knowledge, ours is the first study demonstrating a contemporary link between inflammatory cytokines and QT interval in humans. Our results suggest that a lower inflammatory burden may protect against QTc prolongation in patients with RA. However, further studies are required to confirm the effects of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines on QTc interval.
A Preliminary Study of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Quantification for the Assessment of Skin in Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Hou Yong , Zhu Qing-li , Liu He , Jiang Yu-xin , Wang Liang , Xu Dong , Li Meng-tao , Zeng Xiao-feng , Zhang Feng-chun 
Published: January 2015

Objective.To investigate skin elasticity using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) quantification in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and compare the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) with measured shear wave velocity (SWV) and thickness of the skin.Methods.Fifteen patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) and 15 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls were evaluated. The SWV and thickness of skin were measured at 17 sites corresponding to those assessed in the mRSS in each participant. The SWV measurements of skin were compared between patients with dcSSc and healthy controls. The correlations between the mRSS and the skin SWV and thickness were explored using Spearman’s correlation.Results.The SWV values were higher in patients with dcSSc compared with healthy controls at right hand dorsum, right forearm, left hand dorsum, left forearm, right foot dorsum, and left foot dorsum (p < 0.05). In patients with dcSSc, the SWV values of uninvolved skin were higher than those of controls (p < 0.001), and the SWV values increased with increasing skin scores except for skin score 3 (p < 0.05). The sum of the SWV values correlated with total clinical skin score (r = 0.841, p < 0.001), and the sum of the skin thickness correlated with total clinical skin score (r = 0.740, p = 0.002).Conclusion.ARFI quantification is feasible and reliable for assessing the skin involvement in dcSSc. ARFI quantification could identify early skin change that may precede palpable skin involvement, and may be a valuable adjunct to skin evaluation in patients with SSc.
High Degree of Nonadherence to Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Rauscher Veronika , Englbrecht Matthias , van der Heijde Désirée , Schett Georg , Hueber Axel J. 
Published: January 2015

Objective.To test medication adherence using the Compliance-Questionnaire-Rheumatology (CQR).Methods.Invitation letter and CQR were sent to 240 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Followup CQR was sent 3 months later. Adherence was evaluated using CQR 80% cutoff scores.Results.Seventy-eight patients who were being treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs provided full information on the CQR at both points in time. Eleven patients (14.1%) were classified as adherent based on taking compliance (TC), with only 3 patients (3.8%) adherent in regard to correct dosing (CD) [followup: 13 (16.7%) and 3 (3.8%) for TC and CD, respectively]. Nonadherence was not related to disease activity or side effects.Conclusion.We demonstrated low adherence, suggesting differences between doctors’ records and patients’ practice of antirheumatic drug therapy.
Lettres de correspondants français à la BBC (1940-1943)
Authors: Gildea Robert 
Published: January 2015

Cet article exploite un fonds de lettres adressées à la BBC par des correspondants français entre 1940 et 1943 et vise à contribuer au débat sur l’étendue de la résistance en France. Il défend la thèse de l’existence d’une « pénombre », soit d’une mouvance entre l’opinion publique et la résistance organisée des ombres qui chercha à reconstruire symboliquement la communauté nationale et à entamer un dialogue avec Londres sur le comportement des Alliés, la fidélité au maréchal Pétain ou au général de Gaulle et la persécution des juifs. Ces correspondants furent rarement des hommes en âge d’être militarisés, qui pensaient à résister militairement, et davantage des anciens combattants, des femmes et des jeunes.
Le retrait des tirailleurs sénégalais de la Première Armée française en 1944
Authors: Miot Claire 
Published: January 2015

À l’automne 1944, plus de quinze mille tirailleurs sénégalais sont progressivement et parfois chaotiquement retirés du front de la Première Armée française dans la région de Belfort, puis transférés dans le Sud de la France. Ni véritable relève, ni tout à fait hivernage, cette opération de « blanchiment », ou « blanchissement » pour reprendre les termes connotés de l’époque, soulève de nombreuses interrogations. Elle apparaît comme le résultat d’un processus de décision complexe qui articule considérations militaires influencées par la « théorie des races martiales », nécessité politique de l’intégration des combattants venus de la Résistance intérieure à l’armée régulière.
Platelet-derived chemokines in atherosclerosis
Authors: von Hundelshausen P. , Duchene J. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryIn atherosclerosis, activated platelets have been recently recognised not only to participate in thrombotic events but also to play an essential role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Upon their activation, platelets release several pro-inflammatory mediators including chemokines. Chemokines are key molecules in inflammation as they are able to recruit leukocytes, modulate their activation/differentiation and control their proliferation/apoptosis.In this review we will discuss recent findings regarding the specific roles of chemokines released by platelets on leukocytes and their effects on atherosclerosis.
Concise Review: Modeling Multiple Sclerosis With Stem Cell Biological Platforms: Toward Functional Validation of Cellular and Molecular Phenotypes in Inflammation-Induced Neurodegeneration
Authors: Orack Joshua C. , Deleidi Michela , Pitt David , Mahajan Kedar , Nicholas Jacqueline A. , Boster Aaron L. , Racke Michael K. , Comabella Manuel , Watanabe Fumihiro , Imitola Jaime 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in identifying novel mechanisms and new medications that regulate immune cell function in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, a significant unmet need is the identification of the mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration, because patients continue to manifest brain atrophy and disability despite current therapies. Neural and mesenchymal stem cells have received considerable attention as therapeutic candidates to ameliorate the disease in preclinical and phase I clinical trials. More recently, progress in somatic cell reprogramming and induced pluripotent stem cell technology has allowed the generation of human “diseased” neurons in a patient-specific setting and has provided a unique biological tool that can be used to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration. In the present review, we discuss the application and challenges of these technologies, including the generation of neurons, oligodendrocytes, and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) from patients and novel stem cell and OPC cellular arrays, in the discovery of new mechanistic insights and the future development of MS reparative therapies.