bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Science‐Natural Resource Policy Relationship: How Aspects of Diffusion Theory Explain Data Selection for Making Biodiversity Management Decisions
Authors: Gerlach John David , Williams Laron K. , Forcina Colleen E. 
Published: October 2015

This study extends a previous project which examined the salience of neo‐institutional theory in explaining how data are selected for use in making and implementing biodiversity management decisions. Our prior findings prompted us to examine the selection of data from federal, state or local, and nongovernmental sources using aspects of diffusion theory. We argue that diffusion theory also possesses explanatory value regarding the identification and selection of data within a natural resource agency. We empirically test our theory by analyzing original data collected from a 2007 survey of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service field offices. We find that drivers of diffusion identified by previous research are explanatory of how data are selected. Specifically, perceptions of other field offices’ data selection procedures and collaboration with interest or advocacy groups aid in explaining field office data selection. The results enhance our understanding of the science‐natural resource policy relationship.Related Articles
Hallock Morris, Mary. 2007. “.” Politics & Policy 35 (): 836‐871. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2007.00086.x/abstract

Bakenova, Saule. 2008. “.” Politics & Policy 36 (): 676‐719. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2008.00125.x/abstract

Neill, Katharine A., and John C. Morris. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40 (): 629‐656. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00371.x/abstract
Related MediaFilm: by McBride, Dennis K. 2009. “.” . National Capital Area Skeptics. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3IuZ6Mqg18

. 2013. “.” March 15. http://www.nars.org/bas.html
Managing Nanotechnology Risks in Vulnerable Populations: A Case for Gender Diversity
Authors: Savath Vivien , Brainard Suzanne Gage 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFunded by the National Science Foundation and the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN), this study asks qualitatively analyzes interviews with 48 nanoscientist users at four NNIN facilities. The main research questions were: (1) Do nanotechnologies pose unique social and ethical concerns?; (2) how are the risks associated with nanotechnology distributed among different human populations?; (3) what are specific policy steps that can be used to manage such risks? This study purposefully oversampled female scientists to correct for the historical underrepresentation of women in the nanotechnology workforce. By amplifying the voice of this science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce minority, the policy discussion contained herein better reflects the concerns of the general population. The results, analyzed with the aid of qualitative data analysis software, yield interesting differences in risk characterization among the scientists and innovative policy suggestions for the nanoscience community and regulators alike.
Agenda Setting in Emergent R&D Policy Subsystems: Examining Discourse Effects of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act
Authors: Anderson Derrick , Slade Catherine P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe literature on government responsiveness to societal issues is extensive but provides a mixed assessment of effectiveness. We examine this issue in the case of policy addressing effective and safe management of research and development in the emerging field of nanotechnology. Specifically, we examine the agenda setting effects of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (the Act), a piece of legislation designed to be implemented by a network of actors in the nanotechnology research and development policy subsystem. We adopt a public values lens in our examination of discourse related to societal concerns. Policy documents from Congress, an agency, and federal funding recipients are examined. Findings suggest a narrowing of public values discourse around more specific societal concerns in the documents crafted after the Act was passed.
“The Train Has Left the Station”: The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies and the Shaping of Nanotechnology Policy in the United States
Authors: Michelson Evan S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the efforts of the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies (PEN) in seeking to influence nanotechnology policy in the United States. Using the conceptual framework of anticipatory governance to guide the analysis, a series of strategies that PEN adopted will be described, including leveraging external expertise, developing cross‐disciplinary research products, providing a future‐oriented view on policy analysis, and building a brand for communications and outreach. This case study is a useful example in demonstrating the recent conceptual shift away from relying on government‐led technology assessment efforts to consider the longer‐term implications of new technologies toward the concept of anticipatory governance that includes a more substantive role for nongovernmental actors, that in providing forward‐looking, actionable intelligence for decision makers. Considering the example of PEN also highlights the critical role that boundary‐spanning organizations play in linking together disparate communities of expertise.
Hungry for Information: Public Attitudes Toward Food Nanotechnology and Labeling
Authors: Brown Jonathan , Kuzma Jennifer 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWhat people think about food nanotechnology (nanofood) is under‐explored in the United States, especially outside of quantitative surveys. As such, we set out to examine public attitudes toward food nanotechnology in conversational, focus group settings in order to identify policy options for nanofood governance, and in particular, options for labeling. Through analysis of focus groups in six U.S. locations, we found that the vast majority of the participants wanted nanotechnology labels for all types of food products, and most were willing to pay a premium for labeling. Participants cited abilities to choose and avoid potential risk as the main purposes of nanofood labels. However, they recognized that labels alone do not provide much meaning and that information concerning food nanotechnology products needs to be sought and supplied beyond the label to enable informed choices. Additionally, willingness‐to‐use and risk–benefit perceptions varied according to the position and intended functions of the nanomaterials in food products.
A Place for Individual Differences in What Everyone Knows About What Everyone Does: Positive Affect, Cognitive Processes, and Cognitive Experiential Self Theory
Authors: Burton Chad , Heintzelman Samantha , King Laura 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIndividual differences are often incorporated into experimental research to elucidate inconsistent effects. We argue that the inclusion of such differences into established and seemingly straightforward findings is imperative to the goal of reaching a more complete understanding about the processes of interest. Drawing on research on the cognitive effects of positive affect, we illustrate how integrating individual differences in cognitive processing styles to this literature might lead to a more nuanced understanding of the impact of affect on cognitive processes. The addition of individual differences to psychological research should be seen as a means to a thorough scientific comprehension of a topic rather than as burdensome caveats to otherwise straightforward findings.
Reflections on the Concept of Social Exclusion and the Australian Social Inclusion Agenda
Authors: Saunders Peter 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSocial inclusion has been at the centre of the Australian social policy agenda since the Australian Labor Party (ALP) was elected to government in 2007. Since then, the government has set in place a series of administrative, consultative and measurement structures designed to improve understanding of the issue, to monitor change and to help develop appropriate policy responses. However, while much has been achieved, it remains unclear whether the new policy focus has made a substantive difference in practice to what would have been achieved by any new centre‐left government coming to office after a decade of policy reform driven by a combination of social conservatism and economic neo‐liberalism. This article describes how the Australian social inclusion policy agenda has evolved since 2007, reviews recent research developments and presents new findings on recent changes in different dimensions of exclusion. Attention also focuses on the problems associated with identifying instances of exclusion in general, on the overlap/relationship between exclusion and poverty, and on the impact of exclusion and poverty on subjective well‐being.
Probing the basis of soil resilience
Authors: Corstanje R. , Deeks L. R. , Whitmore A. P. , Gregory A. S. , Ritz K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSoils need to be resilient to deliver the functions required of them when subjected to perturbations within the context of short‐ and long‐term environmental change. A better understanding of the basis of resilience will likely underpin improved management of poorer soils to enhance their resilience, as well as allowing effective management of all soils in the longer term. In this study, resilience was defined as resistance (degree of change) coupled with recovery (rate and extent of subsequent recovery) from a disturbance. Modelling of factors that drive resilience of a prescribed physical (void ratio) and biological (respiration) soil function was carried out on published data pertaining to 38 English and Scottish soils. This revealed that soil taxonomic class, parent material and soil texture appeared dominant in determining soil resilience in general, and aspects of the soil microbial community were also pertinent. It is notable that land use and organic matter content, which are commonly hypothesized to be influential in this regard, ranked amongst the lowest significant factors. However, these conclusions are based upon the very limited coherent data sets currently available. The key implication of an apparent context dependency of the resistance and resilience phenomena is that management of them is likely to be possible, but not via a single or direct approach. It may require specific approaches in particular circumstances, and it is possible that the system‐level configuration of the soil is of greater consequence than individual factors. Hence, a system‐level approach to management of soils is likely to be the most effective strategy, and this should be considered in developing policy scenarios in relation to soil management.
Multifaith Education in American Theological Schools: Looking Back, Looking Ahead
Authors: Baird Justus 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe period 2002–2012 saw remarkable developments in multifaith education at American theological schools. Looking ahead, multifaith education in theological schools is poised to enter a new phase of broad engagement and development. This essay focuses on three aspects of the practice of multifaith education in seminaries. It first presents a brief historical overview of the initiatives and institutions that pioneered multifaith education in theological schools. It then summarizes findings from surveys, reports, and collegial gatherings about the pedagogy of multifaith education. Finally, eight questions for practitioners of multifaith education seminaries to explore in the future are offered.
Being Shaped by the Ritual Practices of Others: a Classroom Reflection
Authors: Hess Lisa M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis reflection offers a glimpse into a Masters' level practical theology course in “wisdom formation” for its potential implications and contributions in multifaith education. Instigated by an unexpected companionship between the two instructors – an eighth‐generation rabbi, leader of CLAL (the Center for Learning and Leadership) and a Presbyterian practical theologian in a free‐standing United Methodist seminary – this elective course was developed for Christian and Jewish ministry students, though it eventually evolved into a required Masters of Divinity course in theologies of religious pluralism and interreligious/intercultural encounter. The course's structure and implementation are described, followed by difficulties faced and potential implications for multifaith education, specifically those in disciplinary formation, institutional stewardship, and the diverse contexts and questions for teaching and learning.
Relationship Building through Narrative Sharing: A Retreat for Muslim and Jewish Emerging Religious Leaders
Authors: Kreimer Nancy Fuchs 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe author and her colleagues planned and led three retreats to build relationships between rabbinical students and Muslim leaders of tomorrow. Narrative Pedagogy served to inform the creation of these immersive experiences. The retreats made use of the shared scriptural traditions around Joseph (Torah) and Yusuf (Qur'an) to build connections based on a common passion for text study. Parallel to the academic exploration of religious and cultural narratives, participants wove connections based on an ethos of appreciative inquiry and the guided sharing of personal stories. Carefully structured exercises provided a container for the growth of understanding and connection.
Pituitary aspergillosis in a kidney transplant recipient and review of the literature
Authors: Vijayvargiya P. , Javed I. , Moreno J. , Mynt M.A. , Kotapka M. , Zaki R. , Ortiz J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPituitary aspergillosis is a very rare disease, documented in only 12 cases. Although seen in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, serious invasive sequelae, such as meningoencephalitis and death, have been noted in immunocompromised patients. Immunocompromised patients are susceptible and require complex multidisciplinary care to contain the spread of infection and maximize outcomes. This is the first case report, to our knowledge, of pituitary aspergillosis in the setting of an organ transplant. A 68‐year‐old woman presented with cephalgia, left temporal hemianopsia, and ptosis. Non‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed a sellar mass, which was believed to be a benign pituitary adenoma. She underwent trans‐sphenoidal resection, and subsequent histopathologic examination showed aspergillosis. She was subsequently started on voriconazole. On postoperative day 3, she developed a left anterior cerebral artery ischemic stroke, likely from Aspergillus angioinvasion and occlusion. Her mental status declined further and she died when care was withdrawn.
A PmrB-Regulated Deacetylase Required for Lipid A Modification and Polymyxin Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Chin Chui-Yoke , Gregg Kelsey A. , Napier Brooke A. , Ernst Robert K. , Weiss David S. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Emerging resistance to “last-resort” polymyxin antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria is a significant threat to public health. We identified the
Acinetobacter baumannii
NaxD deacetylase as a critical mediator of lipid A modification resulting in polymyxin resistance and demonstrated that
naxD
is regulated by the sensor kinase PmrB. This represents the first description of a specific PmrB-regulated gene contributing to polymyxin resistance in
A. baumannii
and highlights NaxD as a putative drug target to reverse polymyxin resistance.
The Clinically Tested Gardos Channel Inhibitor Senicapoc Exhibits Antimalarial Activity
Authors: Tubman Venée N. , Mejia Pedro , Shmukler Boris E. , Bei Amy K. , Alper Seth L. , Mitchell James R. , Brugnara Carlo , Duraisingh Manoj T. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Senicapoc, a Gardos channel inhibitor, prevented erythrocyte dehydration in clinical trials of patients with sickle cell disease. We tested the hypothesis that senicapoc-induced blockade of the Gardos channel inhibits
Plasmodium
growth. Senicapoc inhibited
in vitro
growth of human and primate plasmodia during the clinical blood stage. Senicapoc treatment suppressed
P. yoelii
parasitemia
in vivo
in C57BL/6 mice. The reassuring safety and biochemical profile of senicapoc encourage its use in antimalarial development.
Drug Interactions with the Direct-Acting Antiviral Combination of Ombitasvir and Paritaprevir-Ritonavir
Authors: Badri Prajakta S. , Dutta Sandeep , Wang Haoyu , Podsadecki Thomas J. , Polepally Akshanth R. , Khatri Amit , Zha Jiuhong , Chiu Yi-Lin , Awni Walid M. , Menon Rajeev M. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
The two direct-acting antiviral (2D) regimen of ombitasvir and paritaprevir (administered with low-dose ritonavir) is being developed for treatment of genotype subtype 1b and genotypes 2 and 4 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Drug-drug interactions were evaluated in healthy volunteers to develop dosing recommendations for HCV-infected subjects. Mechanism-based interactions were evaluated for ketoconazole, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, digoxin, warfarin, and omeprazole. Interactions were also evaluated for duloxetine, escitalopram, methadone, and buprenorphine-naloxone. Ratios of geometric means with 90% confidence intervals for the maximum plasma concentration and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve were estimated to assess the magnitude of the interactions. For most medications, coadministration with the 2D regimen resulted in a <50% change in exposures. Ketoconazole, digoxin, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin exposures increased by up to 105%, 58%, 76%, and 161%, respectively, and omeprazole exposures decreased by approximately 50%. Clinically meaningful changes in ombitasvir, paritaprevir, or ritonavir exposures were not observed. In summary, all 11 medications evaluated can be coadministered with the 2D regimen, with most medications requiring no dose adjustment. Ketoconazole, digoxin, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin require lower doses, and omeprazole may require a higher dose. No dose adjustment is required for the 2D regimen.
Tigecycline Lock Therapy for Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection Caused by KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Two Pediatric Hematological Patients
Authors: Foresti Sergio , Di Bella Stefano , Rovelli Attilio , Sala Alessandra , Verna Marta , Bisi Luca , Nisii Carla , Gori Andrea 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Catheter-related bacteremias carry high mortality rates in hematological patients. When a multidrug-resistant microorganism is involved, the catheter should ideally be removed; however, this approach is not always possible. Tigecycline lock therapy was used in two pediatric oncohematological patients with intravascular catheter-related infection due to KPC-producing
Klebsiella pneumoniae
. The catheter was salvaged in both cases, and the patients were later discharged. Our experience suggests the usefulness of this approach in treating this type of infection.
Impedance and dielectric properties of mercury cuprate at nonsuperconducting state
Authors: Özdemir Z. Güven , Çataltepe Ö. Aslan , Onbaşlı Ü. 
Published: October 2015

In this paper, impedance and dielectric properties of nonsuperconducting state of the mercury-based cuprate have been investigated by impedance measurements within the frequency interval of 10 Hz–10 MHz for the first time. The dielectric loss factor [Formula: see text] and ac conductivity [Formula: see text] parameters have also been calculated for non-superconducting state. According to impedance spectroscopy analysis, the equivalent circuit of the mercury cuprate system manifests itself as a semicircle in the Nyquist plot that corresponds to parallel connected resistance–capacitance circuit. The oscillation frequency of the circuit has been determined as approximately 45 kHz which coincides with the low frequency radio waves. Moreover, it has been revealed that the mercury-based cuprate investigated has high dielectric constants and hence it may be utilized in microelectronic industry such as capacitors, memory devices etc., at room temperature. In addition, negative capacitance (NC) effect has been observed for the mercury cuprate regardless of the operating temperatures at nonsuperconducting state. Referring to dispersions in dielectric properties, the main contribution to dielectric response of the system has been suggested as dipolar and interfacial polarization mechanisms.
Parrondo Games with Spatial Dependence, III
Authors: Ethier S. N. , Lee Jiyeon 
Published: October 2015

We study Toral’s Parrondo games with [Formula: see text] players and one-dimensional spatial dependence as modified by Xie et al. Specifically, we use computer graphics to sketch the Parrondo and anti-Parrondo regions for [Formula: see text]. Our work was motivated by a recent paper of Li et al., who applied a state space reduction method to this model, reducing the number of states from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. We show that their reduced Markov chains are inconsistent with the model of Xie et al.
Mithramycin Depletes Specificity Protein 1 and Activates p53 to Mediate Senescence and Apoptosis of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Cells
Authors: Rao Mahadev , Atay Scott M. , Shukla Vivek , Hong Young , Upham Trevor , Ripley R. Taylor , Hong Julie A. , Zhang Mary , Reardon Emily , Fetsch Patricia , Miettinen Markku , Li Xinmin , Peer Cody J. , Sissung Tristan , Figg William D. , De Rienzo Assunta , Bueno Raphael , Schrump David S. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Specificity protein 1 (SP1) is an oncogenic transcription factor overexpressed in various human malignancies. This study sought to examine SP1 expression in malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPM) and ascertain the potential efficacy of targeting SP1 in these neoplasms.
Experimental Design: qRT-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical techniques were used to evaluate SP1 expression in cultured MPM cells and MPM specimens and normal mesothelial cells/pleura. MTS, chemotaxis, soft agar, β-galactosidase, and Apo-BrdUrd techniques were used to assess proliferation, migration, clonogenicity, senescence, and apoptosis in MPM cells following SP1 knockdown, p53 overexpression, or mithramycin treatment. Murine subcutaneous and intraperitoneal xenograft models were used to examine effects of mithramycin on MPM growth in vivo. Microarray, qRT-PCR, immunoblotting, and chromatin immunoprecipitation techniques were used to examine gene expression profiles mediated by mithramycin and combined SP1 knockdown/p53 overexpression and correlate these changes with SP1 and p53 levels within target gene promoters.
Results: MPM cells and tumors exhibited higher SP1 mRNA and protein levels relative to control cells/tissues. SP1 knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and clonogenicity of MPM cells. Mithramycin depleted SP1 and activated p53, dramatically inhibiting proliferation and clonogenicity of MPM cells. Intraperitoneal mithramycin significantly inhibited growth of subcutaneous MPM xenografts and completely eradicated mesothelioma carcinomatosis in 75% of mice. Mithramycin modulated genes mediating oncogene signaling, cell-cycle regulation, senescence, and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. The growth-inhibitory effects of mithramycin in MPM cells were recapitulated by combined SP1 knockdown/p53 overexpression.
Conclusions: These findings provide preclinical rationale for phase II evaluation of mithramycin in patients with mesothelioma. Clin Cancer Res; 22(5); 1197–210. ©2015 AACR.