bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The aggressive peripheral T‐cell lymphomas: 2013
Authors: Armitage James O. 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundT‐cell lymphomas make up approximately 10–15% of lymphoid malignancies. The frequency of these lymphomas varies geographically, with the highest incidence in parts of Asia.DiagnosisThe diagnosis of aggressive peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) is usually made using the WHO classification. The ability of hematopathologists to reproducibly diagnosis aggressive PTCL is lower than for aggressive B‐cell lymphomas, with a range of 72–97% for the aggressive PTCLs.Risk StratificationPatients with aggressive PTCL are staged using the Ann Arbor Classification. Although somewhat controversial, PET scans appear to be useful as they are in aggressive B‐cell lymphomas. The most commonly used prognostic index is the International Prognostic Index. The specific subtype of aggressive PTCL is an important risk factor, with the best survival seen in anaplastic large cell lymphoma—particularly young patients with the anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive subtype.Risk Adapted TherapyAnaplastic large cell lymphoma is the only subgroup to have a good response to a CHOP‐like regimen. Angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma has a prolonged disease‐free survival in only ∼20% of patients, but younger patients who have an autotransplant in remission seem to do better. PTCL‐NOS (not otherwise specified) is not one disease. Anthracycline containing regimens have disappointing results and a new approach is needed. NK/T‐cell lymphoma localized to the nose and nasal sinuses seems to be best treated with radiotherapy containing regimens. Enteropathy associated PTCL and hepatosplenic PTCL are rare disorders with a generally poor response to therapy, although selected patients with enteropathy associated PTCL seem to benefit from intensive therapy. Am. J. Hematol. 88:911–918, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anthropometric measurement standardization in the US‐affiliated pacific: Report from the Children's Healthy Living Program
Authors: Li Fenfang , Wilkens Lynne R. , Novotny Rachel , Fialkowski Marie K. , Paulino Yvette C. , Nelson Randall , Bersamin Andrea , Martin Ursula , Deenik Jonathan , Boushey Carol J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectivesAnthropometric standardization is essential to obtain reliable and comparable data from different geographical regions. The purpose of this study is to describe anthropometric standardization procedures and findings from the Children's Healthy Living (CHL) Program, a study on childhood obesity in 11 jurisdictions in the US‐Affiliated Pacific Region, including Alaska and Hawai‘i.MethodsZerfas criteria were used to compare the measurement components (height, waist, and weight) between each trainee and a single expert anthropometrist. In addition, intra‐ and inter‐rater technical error of measurement (TEM), coefficient of reliability, and average bias relative to the expert were computed.ResultsFrom September 2012 to December 2014, 79 trainees participated in at least 1 of 29 standardization sessions. A total of 49 trainees passed either standard or alternate Zerfas criteria and were qualified to assess all three measurements in the field. Standard Zerfas criteria were difficult to achieve: only 2 of 79 trainees passed at their first training session. Intra‐rater TEM estimates for the 49 trainees compared well with the expert anthropometrist. Average biases were within acceptable limits of deviation from the expert. Coefficient of reliability was above 99% for all three anthropometric components.ConclusionsStandardization based on comparison with a single expert ensured the comparability of measurements from the 49 trainees who passed the criteria. The anthropometric standardization process and protocols followed by CHL resulted in 49 standardized field anthropometrists and have helped build capacity in the health workforce in the Pacific Region. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:364–371, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FTO polymorphism, cardiorespiratory fitness, and obesity in Brazilian youth
Authors: Reuter Cézane Priscila , Rosane De Moura Valim Andréia , Gaya Anelise Reis , Borges Tássia Silvana , Klinger Elisa Inês , Possuelo Lia Gonçalves , Franke Silvia Isabel Rech , Kmetzsch Lívia , Vainstein Marilene Henning , Prá Daniel , Burgos Miria Suzana 
Published: October 2015

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the rs9939609 fat mass and obesity‐associated (FTO) polymorphism and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with overweight/obesity outcomes in youth.MethodsThis study included 420 youths, comprising 211 boys and 209 girls aged 7–17. Overweight/obesity were evaluated by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the percentage of fat (PF) according to two skinfold thickness measurements. Genotyping of the rs9939609 polymorphism was conducted using real‐time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) utilizing TaqMan® probes, and CRF was evaluated through a 9‐minute run/walk test, categorized as fit or unfit. Logistic regression was utilized to evaluate a possible association between the polymorphism and CRF, with three obesity indicators evaluated.ResultsIndividuals with the genotype risk (AA) of FTO polymorphism rs9939609 showed higher prevalence of overweight/obesity, as evaluated by BMI (OR: 3.21; CI: 1.71–6.05), WC (OR: 2.59; CI: 1.35–4.97), and PF (OR: 2.59; CI: 1.36–4.92). Additionally, students with the AA genotype in the unfit model had a significant odds ratio for obesity (OR: 4.40; CI: 1.83–10.61 for BMI; OR: 3.54; CI: 1.58–7.96 for WC), whereas we did not observe associations between the AA genotype with BMI and WC using the fit model. Conversely, PF was associated with the AA genotype only in the fit model (OR: 3.24; CI: 1.26–8.34).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the rs9939609 (FTO) polymorphism showed a relationship with obesity in the population studied and an interaction with CRF. Students with low levels of CRF and the AA genotype have a higher risk of being overweight/obese. This association was not found in students with higher levels of CRF. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:381–386, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dirigierende Proteine aus Baumwolle (Gossypium sp.) für die atropselektive Synthese von Gossypol
Authors: Effenberger Isabelle , Zhang Bin , Li Ling , Wang Qiang , Liu Yuxiu , Klaiber Iris , Pfannstiel Jens , Wang Qingmin , Schaller Andreas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractGossypol dient der Abwehr von Schädlingen und Pathogenen in Baumwollpflanzen. Seine Biosynthese umfasst die oxidative Kupplung von Hemigossypol, die zu zwei Atropisomeren führt. In vivo dominiert (+)‐Gossypol, was auf eine stereochemisch kontrollierte Biosynthese schließen lässt. Ziel dieser Studie waren die Identifizierung der Faktoren für die Bildung von (+)‐Gossypol sowie die Untersuchung ihres Potenzials für die Synthese asymmetrischer Biaryle. Die Kupplung von Hemigossypol mit Laccase und O2 als Oxidationsmittel in Gegenwart eines dirigierenden Proteins (DIR) von Gossypium hirsutum (GhDIR4) verläuft atropselektiv. (+)‐Gossypol wurde mit >80 % ee erhalten, während in Abwesenheit von GhDIR4 nur racemisches Gossypol entstand. Die Identifizierung von GhDIR4 unterstreicht die Bedeutung von DIRs im Sekundärstoffwechsel von Pflanzen und könnte ein erster Schritt zur Entwicklung von DIRs für die Synthese axial‐chiraler Binaphthyle sein.
A Photoactivatable Platinum(IV) Complex Targeting Genomic DNA and Histone Deacetylases
Authors: Kasparkova Jana , Kostrhunova Hana , Novakova Olga , Křikavová Radka , Vančo Ján , Trávníček Zdeněk , Brabec Viktor 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe report toxic effects of a photoactivatable platinum(IV) complex conjugated with suberoyl‐bis‐hydroxamic acid in tumor cells. The conjugate exerts, after photoactivation, two functions: activity as both a platinum(II) anticancer drug and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor in cancer cells. This approach relies on the use of a PtIV pro‐drug, acting by two independent mechanisms of biological action in a cooperative manner, which can be selectively photoactivated to a cytotoxic species in and around a tumor, thereby increasing selectivity towards cancer cells. These results suggest that this strategy is a valuable route to design new platinum agents with higher efficacy for photodynamic anticancer chemotherapy.
Post‐Synthetic Anisotropic Wet‐Chemical Etching of Colloidal Sodalite ZIF Crystals
Authors: Avci Civan , Ariñez‐Soriano Javier , Carné‐Sánchez Arnau , Guillerm Vincent , Carbonell Carlos , Imaz Inhar , Maspoch Daniel 
Published: October 2015

AbstractControlling the shape of metal–organic framework (MOF) crystals is important for understanding their crystallization and useful for myriad applications. However, despite the many advances in shaping of inorganic nanoparticles, post‐synthetic shape control of MOFs and, in general, molecular crystals remains embryonic. Herein, we report using a simple wet‐chemistry process at room temperature to control the anisotropic etching of colloidal ZIF‐8 and ZIF‐67 crystals. Our work enables uniform reshaping of these porous materials into unprecedented morphologies, including cubic and tetrahedral crystals, and even hollow boxes, by an acid–base reaction and subsequent sequestration of leached metal ions. Etching tests on these ZIFs reveal that etching occurs preferentially in the crystallographic directions richer in metal–ligand bonds; that, along these directions, the etching rate tends to be faster on the crystal surfaces of higher dimensionality; and that the etching can be modulated by adjusting the pH of the etchant solution.
A Graphene Fibriform Responsor for Sensing Heat, Humidity, and Mechanical Changes
Authors: Zhao Fei , Zhao Yang , Cheng Huhu , Qu Liangti 
Published: October 2015

AbstractControllable and sensitive perception of environmental changes is essential for the development of smart material and device systems. Herein, a multi‐stimuli sensitive responsor has been fabricated on the base of the established double‐helix core‐sheath graphene‐based microfibers (GFs). By combining the tunable conductivity and mechanical robustness of GF coated with graphitic carbon nitride (GF@GCN), a fibriform smart environmental responsor (SER) is prepared by water‐assisted GFs‐twisting strategy, which can accordingly present conductive state‐dependent current responses upon exposure to a variety of stimuli. More importantly, this SER exhibits high current response to small perturbations induced by temperature variations, mechanical interactions, and relative humidity changes, thereby achieving an environmental perceptibility. Based on this finding, a multi‐functional respiratory monitor has been built under the stimuli of the human breath.
Dummy template molecularly imprinted polymer for omeprazole and the study of its drug binding and release properties
Authors: Tabassi Sayyed Abolghasem Sajadi , Hashemi Seyedeh Vida , Mohajeri Seyed Ahmad 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, we tried to prepare an omeprazole (OMP)‐imprinted polymer and study its binding and release properties in an aqueous media. Because of the instability of OMP under polymerization conditions and the inability of the molecule to form effective interactions with monomers, pantoprazole (PANTO) was used as a dummy template for the imprinting process. Different monomers and solvents were evaluated in polymerization. The optimized imprinted polymer was prepared in chloroform as a porogen. Also, 4‐vinylpyridine and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were selected as a functional monomer and a crosslinker, respectively. The optimized imprinted polymer was evaluated in a binding study. The binding and release properties of the polymer were then investigated at different pHs. Our data indicated a higher affinity of the imprinted polymer to PANTO and OMP than that of nonimprinted polymer (NIP). The maximum percentage of OMP released from the imprinted polymer was 36–41%, whereas that for the NIP was 74–85%. These data were related to the 38–43 and 29–34 μg of OMP released from the imprinted polymer and NIP, respectively. Also, the protective effect of the imprinted polymer for OMP at pH 2 was greater than that of the nonimprinted one. This study revealed that the dummy template molecular imprinting was an effective method for preparing selective imprinted cavities in a polymeric matrix, especially for the molecules that were unstable during polymerization or unable to establish effective bonds with the monomers. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4165–4170, 2013
Photopolymerizable bisallylcarbonate and bisacrylic monomers useful in the formulation of dental composite resins and in the crosslinking of methyl methacrylate
Authors: María Herrera‐González Ana , Cuevas‐Suárez Carlos Enrique , Caldera‐Villalobos Martín , Pérez‐Mondragón Alma Antonia 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTTwo new bisallylic monomers [allyl p‐allyl carbonate benzoate (ApACBz) and 1,4‐phenylenbis(methylene)diallyl carbonate (1,4‐FMDAC)] and one bisacrylic monomer [1,4‐bis(acryloyloxymethyl)benzene (1,4‐BAMB)] were synthesized and used as crosslinking agents of methyl methacrylate (MMA) at different mass ratios (10, 20, 40, and 50%). All of the obtained copolymers showed improved thermal stability in comparison with that of the MMA homopolymer. Also, ApACBz and 1,4‐FMDAC were used as bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (Bis‐GMA) eluents to prepare dental resin composites. When compared to the control, the Bis‐GMA–new eluent composites had a higher double‐bond conversion, a higher solubility (p < 0.05) and a lower flexural strength (p < 0.05), whereas the elastic modulus and water sorption values were not statistically different (p > 0.05). The 1,4‐FMDAC and ApACBz monomers are promising eluents of Bis‐GMA for the preparation of dental composites with high degrees of conversion. In addition, the ApACBz, 1,4‐FMDAC, and 1,4‐BAMB monomers are potentially useful crosslinking agents when polymer networks of poly(methyl methacrylate) with a high thermal stability are desired. The application‐oriented tests of the monomers in dental composite formulations showed a sufficient storage stability, high photocuring activity, excellent crosslinking of MMA, and good thermal and mechanical properties. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42920.
Pullulan: A versatile coating agent for superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Coseri Sergiu , Spatareanu Alina , Sacarescu Liviu , Socoliuc Vlad , Sorin Stratulat Ioan , Harabagiu Valeria 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTUltrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles coated by biocompatible pullulan (Pu‐USPIO) with sizes below 10 nm and having a magnetite core and a hydrophilic outer shell of pullulan were prepared. The formed Pu‐USPIOs were thoroughly characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering experiments. The content of magnetic nanoparticles embedded into the pullulan matrix was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Vibrating sample magnetometry analysis was used to evaluate the magnetic properties of the Pu‐USPIO samples. Because of the presence of pullulan, these nanoparticles could be conditioned in many versatile forms, from a clear solution to magnetic films, for potential applications, including magnetic hyperthermia mediators. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42926.
Miscible raw lignin/nylon 6 blends: Thermal and mechanical performances
Authors: Sallem‐Idrissi Naïma , Sclavons Michel , Debecker Damien P , Devaux Jacques 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTEnvironmentally friendly bio‐filled composites of various proportions of polyamide 6 (PA6) and technical lignin have been prepared using a twin‐screw extruder. Transmission electron microscopy has been used to investigate the morphology of the composites. It reveals homogeneous single phase system, indicating the miscibility of PA6 and lignin. The glass transition temperature of the blends, determined by DMA, was shifted systematically to higher temperature with increasing concentration of lignin which highlights the miscibility of both components. In addition, Fourier Transform Infrared analyses have shown that new specific hydrogen‐bonding interactions are formed between hydroxyl groups of lignin and amine groups of the PA6. The presence of these intermolecular interactions between PA6 and lignin strongly influenced the thermal stability of the blends by lowering the onset of the blend's degradation process. However, the blends exhibit good mechanical properties whatever the lignin content. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42963.
Elemental abundance analyses with DAO spectrograms: XXXII. HR 6455 (A3 III), δ Aqr (A3 V), η Lep (F2 V), and 1 Boo (A1 V)
Authors: Yüce K. , Adelman S.J. , Gulliver A.F. , Hill G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe examine the sharp‐lined stars HR 6455 (A3 III, v sin i = 8.7 km s–1) and η Lep (F2 V, v sin i = 13.5 km s–1) as well as δ Aqr (A3 V, v sin i = 81 km s–1) and 1 Boo (A1 V, v sin i = 59 km s–1) to increase the number consistently analyzed A and F stars using high dispersion and high S/N (≥200) spectrograms obtained with CCD detectors at the long Coudé camera of the 1.22‐m telescope of the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory. Such studies contribute to understanding systematic abundance differences between normal and non‐magnetic main‐sequence band chemically peculiar A and early F stars. LTE fine analyses of HR 6455, δ Aqr, and 1 Boo using Kurucz's ATLAS suite programs show the same general elemental abundance trends with differences in the metal richness. Light and iron‐peak element abundances are generally solar or overabundant while heavy element and rare earth element abundances are overabundant. HR 6455 is an evolved Am star while δ Aqr and 1 Boo show the phenomenon to different extents. Most derived abundances of η Lep are solar (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
New designs of survey telescopes
Authors: Terebizh V.Yu. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe immediate goal of modern observational astronomy is to monitor continuously the position and brightness of all objects in the sky brighter than ∼24th magnitude. This review describes wide‐field telescopes designed for this task – both existing and planned. Many systems are described for the first time (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Extraction of clavulanic acid using aqueous two‐phase micellar system
Authors: Guedes de Andrade Evelyn , de Siqueira Cardoso Silva Marcela , Brandão Haga Raquel , Carvalho Santos Valéria , Pessoa Adalberto , Rangel‐Yagui Carlota de O. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAn investigation of clavulanic acid behavior in an aqueous two‐phase micellar system employing the surfactants n‐decyltetraethylene oxide (C10E4) and dodecyldimethylamine oxide (DDAO) was carried out. According to the results, clavulanic acid partitions evenly between the two phases of DDAO micellar system, mixed DDAO–C10E4 micellar system, as well as C10E4 micellar system. Therefore, electrostatic interactions between positively charged DDAO‐containing micelles and negatively charged drug were not strong enough to influence the partitioning. Nevertheless, clavulanic acid extraction from Streptomyces clavuligerus fermentation broth in C10E4 micellar system employing a previous protein denaturation step provided recovery of 52% clavulanic acid with removal of 70% of the contaminant proteins, which is already promising as a purification strategy.
Development and Validation of the Scientific Reasoning Scale
Authors: Drummond Caitlin , Fischhoff Baruch 
Published: October 2015

AbstractScientific findings and innovations play an important role in a range of decisions faced by nonscientists, yet little is known about the skills that nonscientists need in order to read and evaluate scientific evidence. Drawing on research in public understanding of science, cognitive developmental psychology, and behavioral decision research, we develop an individual difference measure of scientific reasoning skills, defined as the skills needed to evaluate scientific findings in terms of the factors that determine their quality. We present the results of three studies assessing its psychometric validity. Our results indicate that the Scientific Reasoning Scale (SRS) is internally consistent and distinct from extant measures of scientific literacy. Participants with higher SRS scores are more likely to have beliefs consistent with the scientific consensus on potentially contentious issues, above and beyond education, political and religious beliefs, and scores on two widely used measures of scientific literacy. Participants with higher SRS scores also had better performance on a task requiring them to analyze scientific information. Our results suggest that the SRS provides a theoretically informed contribution to decoding lay responses to scientific results and controversies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enzymatic protein switches built from paralogous input domains
Authors: Tullman Jennifer , Nicholes Nathan , Dumont Matt R. , Ribeiro Lucas F. , Ostermeier Marc 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTProtein switches have a variety of potential applications in biotechnology and medicine that motivate efforts to accelerate their development. Switches can be built by the proper fusion of two proteins with the prerequisite input and output functions. However, the exact fusion geometry for switch creation, which typically involves insertion of one protein domain into the other, is difficult to predict. Based on our previous work developing protein switches using periplasmic binding proteins as input domains, we wondered whether there are “hot spots” for insertion of output domains and successful switch creation within this class of proteins. Here we describe directed evolution experiments that identified switches in which TEM‐1 beta‐lactamase (BLA) is inserted into the class I periplasmic binding proteins ribose binding protein (RBP), glucose binding protein (GBP), and xylose binding protein (XBP). Although some overlap in sites for successful switch insertion could be found among the paralogs, successful switches at these sites required different linkers between the domains and different circular permutations of the BLA protein. Our data suggests that sites for successful switch creation are not easily transferable between paralogs. Furthermore, by comparison to a previous study in which switches were created by inserting a xylanase into XBP, we find no correlation between insertion sites when using two different output domains. We conclude that the switch property likely depends on the precise molecular details of the fusions and cannot be easily predicted from some overall general structural property of the fusion topology. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 852–858. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Zu wenig Falten in den Mitochondrien machen alt
Authors: Brennicke Axel 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMit zunehmendem Alter lässt unsere Energie langsam nach. Dies spiegelt sich in der Energieversorgung der Zellen, die von den Mitochondrien geleistet wird, wider. In der DNA dieser Organellen nehmen Mutationen zu und die Fähigkeit, ATP zu produzieren, nimmt ab. Neue Untersuchungen zeigen bei Pilzen, dass sich die internen Faltungen der Mitochondrienmembranen mit zunehmendem Alter verändern. Die internen Membranen der Mitochondrien werden im Alter instabiler und produzieren schließlich Signale für das Absterben der gesamten Zelle.
Gedanken über die Intelligenz von Tieren
Authors: Thaler Ellen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUm den Begriff “Tierliche Intelligenz” klar zu definieren, bemüht man sich, zunächst einen Zugang zu unterschiedlichen Lernformen von Habituation über Spielverhalten bis hin zu Lernen durch Einsicht und Prägung zu finden. An einigen Beispielen wird versucht, Tier‐Intelligenz aus menschlicher Sicht zu erklären und den Unterschied von “Können” im Sinne von genetischer Vorgabe von “intelligentem” Verhalten zu unterscheiden. Das Tier ist fähig, manche Verhaltensweisen ohne “Manipulation” frei zu erfinden.