bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contraction‐evoked vasodilation and functional hyperaemia are compromised in branching skeletal muscle arterioles of young pre‐diabetic mice
Authors: Novielli N. M. , Jackson D. N. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects of pre‐diabetes on microvascular network function in contracting skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that pre‐diabetes compromises contraction‐evoked vasodilation of branching second‐order (2A), third‐order (3A) and fourth‐order (4A) arterioles, where distal arterioles would be affected the greatest.MethodsIntravital video microscopy was used to measure arteriolar diameter (in 2A, 3A and 4A) and blood flow (in 2A and 3A) changes to electrical field stimulation of the gluteus maximus muscle in pre‐diabetic (The Pound Mouse, PD) and control (c57bl6, CTRL) mice.ResultsBaseline diameter and blood flow were similar between groups (2A: ~20 μm, 3A: ~14 μm and 4A: ~8 μm; 2A: ~1 nL s−1 and 3A: ~0.5 nL s−1). Single tetanic contraction (100 Hz; 200, 400, 800 ms duration) evoked rapid‐onset vasodilation (ROV) and blood flow responses that were blunted by ~50% and up to 81%, respectively, in PD vs. CTRL (P < 0.05). The magnitude of ROV was up to 2‐fold greater at distal arterioles (3A and 4A) vs. proximal arterioles (2A) in CTRL; however, in PD, ROV of only 4A was greater than 2A (P < 0.05). Rhythmic contraction (2 and 8 Hz, 30 s) evoked vasodilatory and blood flow responses that were also attenuated by ~50% and up to 71%, respectively, in PD vs. CTRL (P < 0.05). The magnitude of vasodilatory responses to rhythmic contraction was also up to 2.5‐fold greater at 4A vs. 2A in CTRL; however spatial differences in vasodilation across arteriolar branch orders was disrupted in PD.ConclusionsArteriolar dysregulation in pre‐diabetes causes deficits in contraction‐evoked dilation and blood flow, where greatest deficits occur at distal arterioles.
Cerebrospinal fluid asparagine depletion during pegylated asparaginase therapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Henriksen Louise T. , Nersting Jacob , Raja Raheel A. , Frandsen Thomas L. , Rosthøj Steen , Schrøder Henrik , Albertsen Birgitte K. ,   the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) group
Published: April 2014

SummaryL‐asparaginase is an important drug in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) asparagine depletion is considered a marker of asparaginase effect in the central nervous system (CNS) and may play a role in CNS‐directed anti‐leukaemia therapy. The objective of this study was to describe CSF asparagine depletion during 30 weeks of pegylated asparaginase therapy, 1000 iu/m2 i.m. every second week, and to correlate CSF asparagine concentration with serum L‐asparaginase enzyme activity. Danish children (1–17 years) with ALL, treated according to the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology ALL2008 protocol, standard and intermediate risk, were included. CSF samples were obtained throughout L‐asparaginase treatment at every scheduled lumbar puncture. A total of 128 samples from 31 patients were available for analysis. Median CSF asparagine concentration decreased from a pre‐treatment level of 5·3 μmol/l to median levels ≤1·5 μmol/l. However, only 4/31 patients (five samples) had CSF asparagine concentrations below the limit of detection (0·1 μmol/l). In 11 patients, 24 paired same day serum and CSF samples were obtained. A decrease in CSF asparagine corresponded to serum enzyme activities above 50 iu/l. Higher serum enzyme activities were not followed by more extensive depletion. In conclusion, pegylated asparaginase 1000 iu/m2 i.m. every second week effectively reduced CSF asparagine levels.
Risk factors and management of severe life‐threatening anaphylaxis in patients with clonal mast cell disorders
Authors: Valent P. 
Published: April 2014

SummarySeveral different risk factors and conditions may predispose to severe life‐threatening anaphylaxis. Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is one such condition. Although many SM patients are suffering from mild or even no mediator‐related symptoms, others have recurrent episodes of severe anaphylaxis, with clear signs of a mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) despite prophylactic therapy with anti‐mediator‐type drugs. In several of these patients, an IgE‐dependent allergy is diagnosed. The severity and frequency of MCAS reactions neither correlate with the burden of neoplastic mast cells nor with the levels of specific IgE or the basal tryptase level. However, there is a relationship between severe anaphylaxis in SM and the type of allergen. Notably, many of these patients suffer from hymenoptera venom allergy. Currently recommended therapies include the prophylactic use of anti‐mediator‐type drugs, long‐term immunotherapy for hymenoptera venom allergic patients, and epinephrine‐self‐injector treatment for emergency situations. In patients who present with an excess burden of mast cells, such as smouldering SM, cytoreductive therapy with cladribine (2CdA) may reduce the frequency of severe events. For the future, additional treatment options, such as IgE‐depletion or the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors blocking IgE‐dependent mediator secretion as well as KIT activation, may be useful alternatives.
Posterior alveolar ridge resorption in bar‐retained mandibular overdentures: 10‐year results of a prospective clinical trial
Authors: Raedel Michael , Lazarek‐Scholz Kristina , Marré Birgit , Boening Klaus W. , Walter Michael H. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractObjectivesData on posterior alveolar ridge resorption (PARR) in patients with two implant supported mandibular overdentures is very heterogeneous. The aim of this prospective study was to observe the PARR after ten years for a study population treated with a titanium bar retained overdenture on two IMZ‐implants.Material and methodsThe data pool consisted of digital and digitized conventional panoramic radiographs taken prior to implant placement and at follow up appointments. Digital measurements were carried out following an established procedure (“Tuebingen method” by Gomez‐Roman). For each patient a linear regression was calculated resulting in a relative area related PARR‐value per year. A simplified geometrical scenario was used for the estimation of absolute bone height losses.ResultsData of 23 patients was available. The mean observation period was 9.4 years (±2.4 years). An average area related PARR‐rate of 1.02% per year was observed with high individual differences ranging from 0.15% and 2.63% per year. The estimated average ten year vertical bone loss in the chewing center was 1.5 mm.ConclusionsPosterior bone resorption was found to be in the range previously reported for different implant restorations and therefore does not represent a particular problem of two implant bar retained overdentures. The results strengthen the two implant concept.
Fifteen‐year trends and predictors of preparation for pregnancy in women with pre‐conception Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Glinianaia S. V. , Tennant P. W. G. , Crowder D. , Nayar R. , Bell R. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimsTo investigate trends in indicators of preparation for pregnancy in women with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes and explore their predictors.MethodsData on 2293 pregnancies delivered during 1996–2010 by women with Type 1 (n = 1753) and Type 2 (n = 540) diabetes were obtained from the Northern Diabetes in Pregnancy Survey. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between potential predictors and three indicators of inadequate pregnancy preparation: non‐attendance for pre‐conception care; no pre‐conception folate consumption; and peri‐conception HbA1c ≥ 53 mmol/mol (≥ 7%).ResultsOverall, 40.3% of women with diabetes attended pre‐conception care, 37.4% reported pre‐conception folate consumption, and 28.2% had adequate peri‐conception HbA1c. For all patients, pre‐conception folate consumption improved over time, while peri‐conception glucose control did not. Attendance for pre‐conception care for women with Type 1 diabetes significantly declined. Residence in deprived areas, smoking and younger maternal age (for women aged < 35 years) were independently associated with all three indicators of inadequate preparation for pregnancy. Additional predictors of inadequate peri‐conception HbA1c were: Type 1 diabetes (adjusted odds ratio 5.51, 95% CI 2.71–11.22), longer diabetes history (adjusted odds ratio 1.16, 95% CI 1.09–1.23 per year increase for those with < 15 years' diabetes duration), non‐white ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio 3.13, 95% CI 1.23–7.97) and higher BMI (adjusted odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.09 per 1‐kg/m2 increase). Non‐attendance for pre‐conception care was additionally associated with Type 2 diabetes (P = 0.003) and multiparity (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThere are socio‐demographic inequalities in preparation for pregnancy among women with diabetes. Women with Type 2 diabetes were less likely to attend pre‐conception care. Pre‐conception services need to be designed to maximize uptake in all groups.
Reductions in resistance exercise‐induced hyperglycaemic episodes are associated with circulating interleukin‐6 in Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Turner D. , Luzio S. , Kilduff L. P. , Gray B. J. , Dunseath G. , Bain S. C. , Campbell M. D. , West D. J. , Bracken R. M. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimsTo determine the influence of different volumes of resistance exercise on circulating interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and to explore the relationships between IL‐6 and glycaemia.MethodsEight participants with complication‐free Type 1 diabetes, whose mean ± sem age was 38 (6) years, mean ± sem HbA1c concentration was 71 ±11 mmol/mol (8.7 ±1.0%) and mean ± sem Type 1 diabetes duration was 15 ±13 years, attended the research facility after an overnight fast on four separate occasions, having administered their basal insulin the night before (glargine 27.5±3.1U, n=8), but omitted morning rapid‐acting insulin. Participants completed either a one‐set (14‐min), two‐set (28‐min), or three‐set (42‐min) resistance exercise trial (eight exercises × 10 repetitions) at 67±3% one‐repetition maximum followed by a 60‐min recovery, or a resting control trial. Venous blood samples were taken before and after exercise. Data were analysed using repeated‐measures anova (P≤0.05).ResultsWhereas IL‐6 levels remained similar to baseline levels after one set of resistance exercises (30 min, P=0.287; 60 min, P=0.318), IL‐6 levels were > baseline levels at 60 min post‐exercise after a two‐set exercise trial (2.94 ± 0.94 pg/ml, P=0.002) and doubled at both 30 min (4.01 ± 1.00 pg/ml, P=0.048) and 60 min (4.28 ± 1.25 pg/ml, P=0.084) post‐exercise after the three‐set resistance exercise trial. Post‐exercise blood glucose area under the curve (mmol/l/60 min) was greater after both the one‐set (P=0.025) and two‐set trials (P=0.008), than after the control trial, but similar between the three‐set trial and the control trial (P=0.240). The rise in IL‐6 from baseline to peak concentration significantly correlated inversely with blood glucose area under the curve (r=‐0.65, P=0.041).ConclusionsCirculating IL‐6 is increased by resistance exercise in a volume‐dependent manner, and resistance exercise‐induced increases in IL‐6 correlated with reductions in post‐exercise hyperglycaemia in Type 1 diabetes, suggesting a role for IL‐6 in improving post‐resistance exercise glycaemic disturbances in Type 1 diabetes.(Clinical Trials Registry No: ISRCTN60407046)
An Unusual Cause of Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Obstruction: Calcified Septum of Cor Triatriatum Sinister
Authors: Kalcik Macit , Ozan Gursoy M. , Toprak Cüneyt , Yesin Mahmut , Karakoyun Suleyman , Tuncer M. Altuğ , Ozkan Mehmet 
Published: April 2014

Mini‐AbstractCor triatriatum sinister is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly in which the left atrium is divided into 2 chambers by a fibromuscular septum. Although the disease is generally diagnosed in early childhood, some patients remain asymptomatic until adulthood. Here, we present an unusual presentation of cor triatriatum sinister as a unique cause of mitral bioprosthetic valve obstruction. The calcified septum of the cor triatriatum sinister was delineated with the utility of two‐dimensional and real time three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.
Identification of Prolapsing Mitral Valve Scallops by a Three‐Dimensional Multiplanar Reconstruction Method
Authors: Akhter Nausheen , Zhao Qiong , Andrei Adin‐Cristian , Kane Bonnie , McCarthy Patrick , Rigolin Vera H. 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundThe objectives of this study were twofold: to assess the diagnostic utility of three‐dimensional (3D) multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in identifying prolapsing mitral valve (MV) scallops, and (2) to compare two‐dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and 3DMPRto (2D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) approaches among patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP).MethodsFifty‐five patients withMVPwho underwent MV repair or replacement were retrospectively analyzed using 3 types of echocardiographic studies (2DTEE, 2DTTE, 3DMPR). The operative (OR) findings were considered the gold standard.ResultsWhen 3DMPRwas combined with 2DTTE, the agreement with theORfindings was moderately strong for the A2 scallop (P < 0.001) and strong for the A3 scallop (P = 0.001), entire anterior leaflet (P < 0.001), P2 scallop (P < 0.001) and the entire posterior leaflet (P < 0.001). In comparison to theORfindings, 2DTEEdemonstrated moderately strong agreement for the A2 scallop (P = 0.010) and the entire anterior leaflet (P < 0.001), and strong agreement for the P2 scallop (P < 0.001) and entire posterior leaflet (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThree‐dimensionalMPRshould be added to the armamentarium of complementary echo techniques in the evaluation ofMVP. There is increased benefit in combining 3DMPRwith 2DTTEfindings as part of the preoperative evaluation of patients withMVP.
Blood Flow Imaging in Transesophageal Echocardiography during Atrial Septal Defect Closure: A Comparison with the Current References
Authors: Nyrnes Siri Ann , Løvstakken Lasse , Døhlen Gaute , Skogvoll Eirik , Torp Hans , Skjærpe Terje , Norgård Gunnar , Samstad Stein , Graven Torbjørn , Haugen Bjørn Olav 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundFlow visualization before transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) closure is essential to identify the number and size of ASDs and to map the pulmonary veins (PV). Previous reports have shown improved visualization of ASD and PV using blood flow imaging (BFI), which supplements color Doppler imaging (CDI) with angle‐independent information of flow direction. In this study, we compared transesophageal BFI with the current references in ASD sizing (balloon stretched diameter, BSD) and PV imaging (pulmonary angiography).MethodsIn this prospective study, 28 children were examined with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) including BFI of the secundum ASD and the PV before interventional ASD closure. The maximum ASD diameter measured with BFI by 4 observers was compared to the corresponding BSD and CDI measurements. The repeatability of the BFI measurements was calculated as the residual standard deviation. BFI of the PV was compared to PV angiography.ResultsThe mean maximum diameter measured by BFI was 12.1 mm (±SD 2.4 mm). The corresponding BSD and CDI measurements were 15.9 mm (±SD 3.0 mm) and 11.8 mm (±SD 2.5 mm), respectively. The residual standard deviation was 1.2 mm. Compared to PV angiography, the sensitivity of BFI in detecting the correct entry of the PV was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.82–1.0).ConclusionTransesohageal echocardiography with BFI of the PV agreed well with pulmonary angiography. BFI had lower estimates for ASD size than BSD, but with acceptable 95% limits of agreement. The repeatability of the BFI measurements was close to the inherent ultrasound measurement error.
Impact of therapy and disease‐related symptoms on health‐related quality of life in patients with follicular lymphoma: results of the population‐based PHAROS‐registry
Authors: Oerlemans Simone , Issa Djamila E. , van den Broek Esther C. , Nijziel Marten R. , Coebergh Jan Willem W. , Mols Floortje , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke V. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe increasing number of longer living patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) and serious side effects of treatment urged us to study the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and persistent (treatment‐related) symptoms in unselected patients after different treatment modalities and compare HRQoL of patients with a normative population.MethodsThe population‐based Eindhoven Cancer Registry was used to select patients diagnosed with FL during 2004–2010. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ‐C30) was completed twice, with a 1‐yr interval. This questionnaire was also completed by an age‐ and sex‐matched normative population (N = 580). Detailed data on treatment were extracted from the cancer registry and Population‐based HAematological Registry for Observational Studies (PHAROS).ResultsOf the 181 patients who were invited, 148 responded (82%, T1). Patients treated with immunochemotherapy reported clinically relevant higher mean fatigue scores than those who underwent radiotherapy (P = 0.02). No differences were observed on the other HRQoL scales between treatment groups. Mean HRQoL scores were worse for FL patients treated with immunochemotherapy compared with a normative population (P < 0.01). A quarter to 50% of patients persistently reported to be slowed down, lethargic, or persistently worried about future health or was limited in social activities. Subsequently, patients reporting these symptoms/worries had a lower global health status/HRQoL.ConclusionAlertness for persistent symptoms that occur during and after treatment of FL patients is needed and may help to avoid lasting negative influence on their HRQoL.
Prognostic impact of minimal residual disease analysis by flow cytometry in patients with acute myeloid leukemia before and after allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Bastos‐Oreiro Mariana , Perez‐Corral Ana , Martínez‐Laperche Carolina , Bento Leyre , Pascual Cristina , Kwon Mi , Balsalobre Pascual , Muñoz Cristina , Buces Elena , Serrano David , Gayoso Jorge , Buño Ismael , Anguita Javier , Diéz‐Martín José Luís 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAllogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) has become the treatment of choice in patients with intermediate‐risk and high‐risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The quality of response to treatment, assessed in terms of detection of minimal residual disease (MRD), has been consistently associated with prognosis and clinical outcome in patients with AML. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of analyzing MRD in bone marrow using 4‐color multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) in 29 patients with AML before and after allo‐SCT. Eighteen patients who were shown to be MRD‐negative [≤0.1% leukemia‐associated immunophenotypes (LAIPs)] by MFC at transplantation and underwent allo‐SCT had lower rates of relapse (15% vs. 66%, P = 0.045), better overall 1‐yr survival (83% vs. 52%, P = 0.021) and a lower cumulative incidence of relapse (P = 0.032) than patients who were MRD‐positive (>0.1%). All post‐transplant MRD‐positive patients underwent a therapeutic intervention after transplant (tapering of immunosuppression, donor lymphocyte infusion, or re‐transplant) with the intention of preventing relapse. Disease was controlled and MRD disappeared in five of these patients. Disease recurred in the other seven patients. We can conclude that follow‐up with MFC for the detection of MRD in AML before and after SCT is useful for predicting relapse. In the post‐transplant setting, monitoring of MRD by MFC could be a key preemptive intervention.
Neural changes accompanying tinnitus following unilateral acoustic trauma in the guinea pig
Authors: Coomber Ben , Berger Joel I. , Kowalkowski Victoria L. , Shackleton Trevor M. , Palmer Alan R. , Wallace Mark N. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAnimal models of tinnitus allow us to study the relationship between changes in neural activity and the tinnitus percept. Here, guinea pigs were subjected to unilateral noise trauma and tested behaviourally for tinnitus 8 weeks later. By comparing animals with tinnitus with those without, all of which were noise‐exposed, we were able to identify changes unique to the tinnitus group. Three physiological markers known to change following noise exposure were examined: spontaneous firing rates (SFRs) and burst firing in the inferior colliculus (IC), evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), and the number of neurons in the cochlear nucleus containing nitric oxide synthase (NOS). We obtained behavioural evidence of tinnitus in 12 of 16 (75%) animals. Both SFRs and incidences of burst firing were elevated in the IC of all noise‐exposed animals, but there were no differences between tinnitus and no‐tinnitus animals. There were significant decreases in ipsilateral ABR latencies in tinnitus animals, contrary to what might be expected with a small hearing loss. Furthermore, there was an ipsilateral–contralateral asymmetry in NOS staining in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) that was only apparent in tinnitus animals. Tinnitus animals had a significantly greater number of NOS‐containing neurons on the noise‐exposed side, whereas no‐tinnitus animals did not. These data suggest that measuring NOS in the VCN and recording ABRs supplement behavioural methods for confirming tinnitus in animals, and that nitric oxide is involved in plastic neural changes associated with tinnitus.
Clinical features, diagnostic imaging findings and concurrent injuries in 71 sports horses with suspensory branch injuries
Authors: Marneris D. , Dyson S. J. 
Published: April 2014

SummaryThere are limited data concerning suspensory ligament branch (SLB) injuries in sports horses. This retrospective study aimed to describe the limb and mediolateral distribution of SLB injuries, the case history of injured horses, clinical signs, response to diagnostic analgesia, presence of other injuries, ultrasonographic features, radiological abnormalities and outcome. Case records of sports horses with ultrasonographic evidence of SLB injury (1998–2012) were reviewed. Ultrasonographic images were assessed subjectively and objectively. Descriptive statistics were used to describe horse data and injury distribution. Pearson's Chi‐square tests were used to test sidedness, forelimbs and hindlimbs, and medial and lateral branches. Pearson's Chi‐square tests were used to test for the ability to detect SLB enlargement by palpation and ultrasonography. Seventy‐one horses had injuries in 88 limbs, 42 forelimbs and 46 hindlimbs; 39/71 (54.9%) horses with only one branch injured, 18 (25.3%) with 2, 3 (4.2%) with 3, and 11 (15.5%) with 4. There was no significant difference in the proportion of injured medial and lateral branches, forelimbs or hindlimbs, left fore vs. right fore, or left hind vs. right hind. Forelimb injuries were overrepresented in event horses (76.2%) and hindlimb injuries in dressage horses (87.1%). Twenty‐eight horses had primary SLB injuries; 43 had other concurrent injuries in the same limb, 23 involving the suspensory apparatus. There was a significant difference (P = 0.011 in the ability to detect palpable enlargement of an SLB (60/171, 35.1%), compared with enlargement detected ultrasonographically (111/171, 64.9%). Periligamentous fibrosis was present in 78.7% of injured hindlimb SLBs and in 35.8% of forelimbs. Of horses with primary SLB injuries, 43.5% returned to full athletic function at their previous level for at least one year and up to 5 years. Periligamentous fibrosis or hyperextension of the fetlock adversely influenced outcome.