bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of interleukin‐10 promoter region polymorphisms with risk factors of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Yu G. I. , Jun S.‐E. , Cho H.‐C. , Park K. O. , Chung J.‐H. , Shin D. H. , Chung I. S. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryAtherosclerosis is considered as an inflammatory disease, and carotid artery intima‐media thickness (IMT) and carotid plaque are generally used as intermediated phenotype of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether carotid IMT and plaque are associated with promoter region polymorphisms of interleukin 10 (IL‐10) gene. We recruited 135 subjects from a rural area of south‐eastern part of South Korea. Three polymorphisms in the promoter region of IL‐10 (−1082 A/G, −819 T/C and −592 A/C) were genotyped by pyrosequencing. Carotid IMT was measured at common carotid arteries, and carotid bulbs and cardiovascular risk factors such as cholesterol, blood pressure, uric acid and homocysteine were measured using blood samples. Subjects with the minor allele (C) of −819 T/C or the minor allele (C) of −592A/C showed lower values in carotid IMT than those with major allele homozygote of each polymorphism (P = 0.018 and P = 0.031, respectively). Subjects with carotid plaque were significantly older and showed higher values in carotid IMT, uric acid and homocysteine than those without plaque (P < 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, the promoter region polymorphisms of IL‐10 gene associate with carotid IMT and plaque. Further studies with larger samples are needed to provide stronger evidence to justify anti‐atheromatous properties of IL‐10.
Transperineal template‐guided mapping biopsy of the prostate
Authors: Sivaraman Arjun , Sanchez‐Salas Rafael , Barret Eric , Ahallal Youness , Rozet Francois , Galiano Marc , Prapotnich Dominique , Cathelineau Xavier 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAccurate diagnosis of prostate cancer has eluded clinicians for decades. With our current understanding of prostate cancer, urologists should devise and confidently present the available treatment options – active surveillance/radical treatment/focal therapy to these patients. The diagnostic modalities used for prostate cancer have the dual problem of false negativity and overdiagnosis. Various modifications in the prostate biopsy techniques have increased the accuracy of cancer detection, but we are still far from an ideal diagnostic technique. Transperineal template‐guided mapping biopsy of the prostate is an exhaustive biopsy technique that has been improvised over the past decade, and has shown superior results to other available modalities. We have carried out a PubMed search on the available experiences on this diagnostic modality, and along with our own experiences, we present a brief review on transperineal template‐guided mapping biopsy of the prostate.
Targeted therapy after complete resection of metastatic lesions in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Park Yong Hyun , Jung Jin‐Woo , Lee Byung Ki , Lee Sangchul , Jeong Seong Jin , Byun Seok‐Soo , Lee Sang Eun 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of targeted therapy after complete resection of metastatic lesions in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 53 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who underwent complete surgical resection of metastatic lesions between January 2006 and December 2012. Immediate postoperative targeted therapy was given to a subgroup of patients. Progression‐free survival and cancer‐specific survival were assessed.ResultsAll patients underwent curative surgery for a primary tumor. A total of 13 patients (24.5%) had metastatic disease at initial diagnosis, and 49 (92.5%) had single‐organ involvement at the time of first metastasis. None of the patients met the poor‐risk criteria. Of the 19 patients who received immediate postoperative targeted therapy, five (26.3%) experienced relapse. Of the 34 patients who did not receive immediate postoperative targeted therapy, 27 (79.4%) experienced disease recurrence. Targeted therapy was restarted in 30 patients (93.8%) after relapse with excellent disease control rates (complete response: 3.3%, partial response: 36.7%, stable disease: 46.7%). Immediate postoperative targeted therapy was associated with better median progression‐free survival (not reached vs 20.0 months; P = 0.017), but not better cancer‐specific survival.ConclusionsPostoperative targeted therapy after complete metastasectomy seems to be associated with better progression‐free survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, but not with cancer‐specific survival.
Robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy in an initial Japanese series: The impact of prior abdominal surgery on surgical outcomes
Authors: Yumioka Tetsuya , Iwamoto Hideto , Masago Toshihiko , Morizane Shuichi , Yao Akihisa , Honda Masashi , Muraoka Kuniyasu , Sejima Takehiro , Takenaka Atsushi 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate the influence of prior abdominal surgery on surgical outcomes of robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy in an early single center experience in Japan.MethodsWe reviewed medical records of patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy from October 2010 to September 2013 at Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan. Patients with prior abdominal surgery were compared with those with no prior surgery with respect to total operative time, port‐insertion time, console time, positive surgical margin and perioperative complication rate. Furthermore, the number of patients requiring minimal adhesion lysis was compared between the two groups.ResultsOf 150 patients who underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy, 94 (63%) had no prior abdominal surgery, whereas 56 patients (37%) did. The mean total operative time was 329 and 333 min (P = 0.340), mean port insertion time was 40 and 34.5 min (P = 0.003), mean console time was 255 and 238 min (P = 0.145), a positive surgical margin was observed in 17.9% and 17.0% patients (P = 0.896), and the incidence of perioperative complications was 25% and 23.4% (P = 0.825), respectively, in those with and without prior abdominal surgery. In the prior abdominal surgery group, 48 patients (80.4%) required adhesion lysis at the time of trocar placement or while operating the robotic console.ConclusionRobot‐assisted radical prostatectomy appears to be a safe approach for patients with prior abdominal surgery without increasing total operative time, robotic console time, positive surgical margin or the incidence of perioperative complications.
Study of the Ion‐Irradiation Behavior of Advanced SiC Fibers by Raman Spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Huguet‐Garcia Juan , Jankowiak Aurélien , Miro Sandrine , Gosset Dominique , Serruys Yves , Costantini Jean‐Marc 
Published: November 2014

6H–SiC single crystals and two types of SiC fibers, Hi‐Nicalon type S and Tyranno SA3, have been irradiated with 4‐MeV Au3+ up to 2 × 1015 cm−2 (4 dpa) at room temperature, 100°C and 200°C. These fibers are composed of highly faulted 3C–SiC grains and free intergranular C. Stacking fault linear density and grain size estimations yield, respectively, 0.29 nm−1 and 26–36 nm for the Hi‐Nicalon type S fibers and 0.18 nm−1 and 141–210 nm for the Tyranno SA3 fibers. Both transmission electron microscopy and surface micro‐Raman spectroscopy reveal the complete amorphization of all the samples when irradiated at room temperature and 100°C and a remaining crystallinity when irradiated at 200°C. The latter observations reveal a multi‐band irradiated layer consisting in a partially amorphized band near the surface and an in‐depth amorphous band. Also, nanocrystalline SiC grains with high stacking fault densities can be found embedded in amorphous SiC at the maximum damage zone of the Hi‐Nicalon type S fibers irradiated at 200°C.
Body composition and morphological assessment of nutritional status in adults: a review of anthropometric variables
Authors: Madden A. M. , Smith S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractEvaluation of body composition is an important part of assessing nutritional status and provides prognostically useful data and an opportunity to monitor the effects of nutrition‐related disease progression and nutritional intervention. The aim of this narrative review is to critically evaluate body composition methodology in adults, focusing on anthropometric variables. The variables considered include height, weight, body mass index and alternative indices, trunk measurements (waist and hip circumferences and sagittal abdominal diameter) and limb measurements (mid‐upper arm and calf circumferences) and skinfold thickness. The importance of adhering to a defined measurement protocol, checking measurement error and the need to interpret measurements using appropriate population‐specific cut‐off values to identify health risks were highlighted. Selecting the optimum method for assessing body composition using anthropometry depends on the purpose (i.e. evaluating obesity or undernutrition) and requires practitioners to have a good understanding of both practical and theoretical limitations and to be able to interpret the results wisely.
Validation of the Portuguese self‐administered computerised 24‐hour dietary recall among second‐, third‐ and fourth‐grade children
Authors: Carvalho M.A. , Baranowski T. , Foster E. , Santos O. , Cardoso B. , Rito A. , Pereira Miguel J. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundCurrent methods for assessing children's dietary intake, such as interviewer‐administered 24‐h dietary recall (24‐h DR), are time consuming and resource intensive. Self‐administered instruments offer a low‐cost diet assessment method for use with children. The present study assessed the validity of the Portuguese self‐administered, computerised, 24‐h DR (PAC24) against the observation of school lunch.MethodsForty‐one, 7–10‐year‐old children from two elementary schools, in Lisbon, were observed during school lunch followed by completion of the PAC24 the next day. Accuracy for reporting items was measured in terms of matches, intrusions and omissions; accuracy for reporting amounts was measured in terms of arithmetic and absolute differences for matches and amounts for omissions and intrusions; and accuracy for reporting items and amounts combined was measured in terms of total inaccuracy. The ratio of the estimated weight of food consumed with the actual weight consumed was calculated along with the limits of agreement using the method of Bland and Altman.ResultsComparison of PAC24 against observations at the food level resulted in values of 67.0% for matches, 11.5% for intrusions and 21.5% for omissions. The mean for total inaccuracy was 3.44 servings. For amounts, accuracy was high for matches (−0.17 and 0.23 servings for arithmetic and absolute differences, respectively) and lower for omissions (0.61 servings) and intrusions (0.55 servings). PAC24 was found to under‐estimate the weight of food on average by 32% of actual intake.ConclusionsPAC24 is a lower‐burden procedure for both respondents and researchers and, with slight modification, comprises a promising method for assessing diet among children.
A four‐disc version of the Tower of London for clinical use
Authors: Tunstall Jenny R. , O'Gorman John G. , Shum David H. K. 
Published: November 2014

Three studies are reported on the development of a four‐disc version of the Tower of London test of planning ability. The first (n = 138) involved the selection of items based on rational and empirical criteria to provide a short test of graded difficulty suitable for use with children and clinical populations. The second study (n = 480) checked the properties of the 10‐item test on a new sample and in addition examined the internal consistency and factor structure of the test. The third study (n = 61) examined the test–retest reliability of the test over a period of 1 month. The difficulty level of the test remained relatively stable from sample to sample and was sensitive to linear trend in performance from age 5 years up to 30 years. Total score did not reflect the action of a single underlying construct but rather appeared to index a number of factors. Scores were reasonably stable over the 1‐month period studied, at least for the children's sample employed. The four‐disc version is a promising method of assessing planning in children and adolescents in clinical situations.
Modeling the dental development of fossil hominins through the inhibitory cascade
Authors: Schroer Kes , Wood Bernard 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe inhibitory cascade is a mathematical model for interpreting the relative size of the occlusal surfaces of mammalian molars in terms of developmental mechanisms. The cascade is derived from experimental studies of mouse molars developed in culture, and has been tested and applied to the dentitions of rodents, ungulates, carnivores, and platyrrhines. Results from such applications have provided new information regarding the origins of plesiomorphic traits in mammalian clade and how derived morphologies may arise. In this study we apply the inhibitory cascade model to the postcanine dentition of a sample of Old World primates that includes fossil hominins. The results of this study suggest that the inhibitory cascade (i.e. M1 < M2 < M3) describes the relative sizes of the molar occlusal areas of Old World primates and is likely the plesiomorphic condition for this clade. Within that clade, whereas most Old World monkeys have a M1 < M2 < M3 pattern, most apes have a M1 < M2 ≈ M3 pattern. This modified cascade suggests that greater levels of inhibition (or less activation) are acting on the posterior molars of apes, thus facilitating the reduction of M3s within the apes. With the exception of the baboon genus Papio, extant congeners typically share the same molar inhibitory cascade. The differences in the relative size relationships observed in the molar and premolar‐molar cascades of the species included in the fossil hominin genus Paranthropus suggest that although large postcanine teeth are a shared derived trait within this genus, the developmental basis for postcanine megadontia may not be the same in these two Paranthropus taxa. Our results show that phenotypic characters such as postcanine megadontia may not reflect common development.
Patients’ experiences from symptom onset to initial treatment for atrial fibrillation
Authors: McCabe Pamela J , Rhudy Lori M , DeVon Holli A 
Published: November 2014

Aims and objectivesTo describe patients’ experiences from symptom onset to initial treatment for atrial fibrillation.BackgroundThe estimated number of individuals with atrial fibrillation globally in 2010 was 33·5 million. World‐wide, each year, new cases of atrial fibrillation approach 5 million, and prevalence will increase 2·5‐fold by 2050. As a result, clinicians worldwide will treat a growing number of patients with atrial fibrillation. Early intervention to promote atrial fibrillation self‐management is critical to reduce associated complications of stroke and heart failure. Greater understanding of patients’ experiences from symptom onset to initial treatment for atrial fibrillation is needed to guide development of interventions to promote early effective self‐management.DesignA descriptive qualitative design was used.MethodsTwenty females and 21 males at an academic medical centre were interviewed using open‐ended questions to explore their experiences from symptom onset to initial treatment for atrial fibrillation. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsParticipants’ mean age was 64·3 (SD = 10·1) years. Four themes were identified: (1) misinterpreting symptoms; (2) discovering the meaning of atrial fibrillation; (3) facing fears, uncertainty, and moving to acceptance; and (4) receiving validation and reassurance. Participants lacked knowledge of atrial fibrillation and took cues from providers’ responses to appraise symptoms and diagnosis. Fear and uncertainty were reduced when providers initiated prompt treatment and took time to explain atrial fibrillation. Patients appreciated receiving clear information about atrial fibrillation, were engaged in learning, and motivated to participate in their care.ConclusionsProviders played a critical role in helping patients to develop an accurate understanding of atrial fibrillation, to cope with the new diagnosis, and motivated them to engage in effective self‐management.Relevance to clinical practiceInsight into participant experiences from symptom onset to initial treatment for atrial fibrillation may inform development of interventions to promote effective atrial fibrillation self‐management.
Second Life simulation as a strategy to enhance decision‐making in diabetes care: a case study
Authors: Hudson Krysia , Taylor Laura A , Kozachik Sharon L , Shaefer Sarah J , Wilson Marisa L 
Published: November 2014

Aims and objectivesThe case study evaluated the Second Life perceived usability and the decision‐making of insulin administration via situational awareness at two different simulation freezes during Second Life simulation.BackgroundDue to safety issues stemming from nursing knowledge deficits of insulin administration, the use of simulation via practice in a virtual immersive environment, Second Life was evaluated in a case study of practicing nurses.DesignThis case study used a single convenience group, post‐test design.MethodsPerceived usability was evaluated using the System Usability Scale. Evaluation of decision‐making was evaluated via Situational Awareness Score at two simulation freezes in the Second Life simulation with practicing nurses (n = 12).ResultsNurses with more years of practice reported difficulty in using Second Life. As age increased, the total Situational Awareness Score decreased. Day shift nurses were more likely to obtain a High Situational Awareness Score.ConclusionsAlthough usability was nearly obtained, virtual immersive environments for nurses has promise to provide practice in aiding clinical decision‐making.Relevance to clinical practiceFinding a new platform to allow all nurses to practice difficult clinical decisions is key. A virtual immersive environment, like Second Life, can provide simulation for nurses to practice making such difficult decisions.
Trachelectomy during pregnancy: What has experience taught us?
Authors: Saso Srdjan , Sawyer Renata , O'Neill Nicole M. , Tzafetas Menelaos , Sayasneh Ahmed , Hassan Hamed Ali , Elliott Freya , Thum Meen‐Yau , Ghaem‐Maghami Sadaf , Lee Men‐Jean , Smith J. Richard , Del Priore Giuseppe 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe treatment of early stage cervical malignancy in a pregnant patient remains a challenge. We report the successful application of a vaginal radical trachelectomy (VRT) during pregnancy to treat a patient diagnosed with early stage cervical cancer and subsequently review the published work. A 22‐year‐old female diagnosed at the gestational age of 17 weeks with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB1 squamous cell cervical carcinoma was treated with VRT at 19(+5) weeks. At 36 weeks, the patient underwent a scheduled cesarean section. A healthy male infant was delivered with a weight of 2795 g. After 13 months of follow‐up, the patient is doing well with no evidence of recurrent disease.
Evaluation of predisposing factors, diagnostic and treatment methods in patients with translocation of intrauterine devices
Authors: Agacayak Elif , Tunc Senem Yaman , Icen Mehmet Sait , Oguz Abdullah , Ozler Ali , Turgut Abdulkadr , Basaranoglu Serdar 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic methods, predisposing risk factors and surgical treatment options in patients with translocation of intrauterine devices (IUD).Material and MethodsDiagnosis, predisposing factors and treatment of 34 patients with translocation of IUD was evaluated in this retrospective study.ResultsComplaints of pain during insertion and history of cesarean section were present in 70.5% and 58.8% of patients, respectively. IUD‐related complications were detected in 52.8% of patients. Transvaginal ultrasonography was used to detect translocation of IUD in 55.8% of cases. Laparoscopy was performed in 55.8% of patients.ConclusionThere were high rates of history of cesarean section, insertion in the puerperal period and insertion by midwives in patients with translocated IUD. These may be predisposing factors for IUD translocation. The clinician who inserts the IUD should be experienced in this area and obtain sufficient information from the pelvic examination prior to insertion of the device. Gynecological examination should be conducted for a proper diagnosis of translocation of IUD. In the event that the IUD string is not visible in the gynecological examination, transvaginal ultrasonography should be performed. If the IUD is still not visible, then abdominal radiography should be performed. As soon as diagnosis of translocation of IUD has been established, surgical treatment should be planned. First treatment of choice should be laparoscopy.
Effect of obesity‐related plasma hemodilution on serum tumor marker concentration in women
Authors: Park Minyoung , Chang In ho , Kang Hyun , Han Seung Su 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAimWe determined to investigate the effect of plasma hemodilution on tumor marker concentration in obese women.MethodsWe collected the data for tumor markers (cancer‐associated antigen 125 [CA125], carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 [CA19‐9], carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA] and α‐fetoprotein) from 6917 healthy women who visited the health promotion center at the Chung‐Ang University Hospital from 2003 to 2011. We used multivariate linear regression analysis and χ2‐test for linear‐by‐linear association adjusting for age, alanine aminotransferase and creatinine to determine the association between the serum tumor marker concentrations, plasma volume, tumor marker mass, and body mass index (BMI).ResultsHigher BMI was significantly associated with higher plasma volume (P < 0.001 for trend). The lower concentrations of CA125 and CA19‐9 were significantly associated with increasing BMI (P < 0.001). Serum concentration and mass of CEA and α‐fetoprotein were increased with higher BMI in obese women (P < 0.001). CEA in women had the opposite result to that in men due to visceral fat in women.ConclusionThis study shows that we should consider the hemodilution effect in Asian obese women when interpreting serum tumor marker concentration in cancer screening.