bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient of Congenital Absence of a Lumbar Pedicle With Nerve Root Anomaly Presenting With Ipsilateral Foraminal Stenosis by Vertebral Fracture
Authors: Fukada Shotaro , Tsujimoto Takeru , Kanayama Masahiro , Oha Fumihiro , Shimamura Yukitoshi , Hasegawa Yuichi , Fukase Shogo , Hashimoto Tomoyuki , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: July 2024

Background: Patients with congenital absence of a lumbar pedicle and nerve root anomaly presenting with ipsilateral foraminal stenosis are extremely rare.Case Presentation: An 80‐year‐old man had low back and right thigh pain. Radiographs and computed tomography (CT) showed L3 vertebral body fracture and the absence of the right L3 lumbar pedicle. He was diagnosed with L2–L3 right foraminal stenosis caused by an L3 vertebral fracture and underwent lumbar fusion at L2–L3 and L3–L4. Intraoperatively, we confirmed that an anomalous nerve root was divided from the right L2 nerve root near the dorsal root ganglion (DRG).Conclusions: Patients with congenital absence of a lumbar pedicle are less prone to ipsilateral foraminal stenosis because they theoretically have a large space in the foramen. This rare case was caused because of additional instability due to vertebral fracture under the condition of a nerve root anomaly and lumbar degeneration.
The Regional Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution by Airflow Conditions on Mountain Halla, a Single Bell-Shaped Mountainous Area in South Korea
Authors: Suh Sung-Ho , Kim Hyeon-Joon , Jung Woonseon , Lee Dong-In 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the microphysical attributes of orographic precipitation based on the Froude number Fr. Orographic precipitation types were classified according to the background airflow movement condition, either around (Fr2 < 0.1, F1) or over (0.1 ≤ Fr2 < 1, F2) the mountain. Raindrop size distribution (DSD) was measured for 27 stratiform precipitation cases during a 2-yr changma (summer monsoon) season using two S-band single-pol weather radars and four Parsivel disdrometers installed along the major axis of Jeju Island—a single bell-shaped mountainous region (Mountain Halla) in South Korea. The present study revealed the orographic effect influenced by regional differences in precipitation characteristics during F1 condition, but these features were weakened during F2 condition. The leeward highlands exhibited the highest regional variation in precipitation characteristics: The smallest mass-weighted mean diameter Dm was 0.84 mm during F1, but it became similar to other regions during F2 (1.04 mm). The effects of orographic processes on precipitation and airflow conditions were apparent in the radar reflectivity Z–rainfall rate R relationship. Under F1 conditions, the radar-based estimated ground rainfall amount RA on the leeward highlands was significantly underestimated (−28.2%) by the Z–R relationship optimized for the windward lowlands, where precipitation is negligibly affected by orographic effects. However, this regional bias in RA estimation caused by orographic effects was reduced (−4.2%) under F2 conditions.

Significance Statement
This study aimed to identify geographical differences in precipitation over a mountainous area through quantitative methods. While previous research has investigated quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) for different precipitation types (stratiform and convective), this study focused on QPE for orographic precipitation. Statistical analyses were performed on the microphysics of precipitation at various locations and altitudes within a single bell-shaped mountainous area using Parsivel disdrometers and weather radars. The microphysical characteristics of precipitation are influenced by the geographical features of mountains, and these relationships affected QPE over the mountainous area, resulting in regional biases that need to be addressed. In particular, the estimated rainfall amounts optimized for areas without orographic effects were underestimated by up to 28.2% in the leeward highlands.
Clinical Determinants of Knee Joint Loads While Sidestepping: An Exploratory Study With Male Rugby Union Athletes
Authors: Brown Scott R. , Hume Patria A. , Brughelli Matt 
Published: July 2024

Background: While several clinical factors have independently been linked to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk factors, their collective impact on knee loading during the sidestep maneuver is unknown. To better understand these factors, we assessed the relationship between strength, balance, and sprint kinetics and external knee abduction moments during sidestepping on each leg. Methods: Sixteen male academy-level rugby union athletes (age, 20 ± 3 years; body-height, 186 ± 9 cm; body-mass, 99 ± 14 kg) were bilaterally assessed in single-leg: isokinetic concentric and eccentric knee and concentric hip strength, balance at 2 difficulty levels, vertical and horizontal force production during maximal sprinting, and 3-dimensional motion capture while sidestepping on the preferred and non-preferred leg. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis based on this theoretical approach of the mechanics of ACL injury risk was performed. Results: When sidestepping on the preferred leg, larger abduction moments were explained by less concentric hip extension strength and vertical force production during maximal sprinting ( R2 = 41%; ES = 0.64); when sidestepping on the non-preferred leg, larger abduction moments were explained by more concentric hip flexion strength ( R2 = 8%; ES = 0.29). Larger symmetry scores between the legs (representing greater abduction moments) were explained by more horizontal force production during maximal sprinting and less eccentric knee flexion strength ( R2 = 32%; ES = 0.56). Conclusions: Independently, the preferred and non-preferred legs contribute to increased knee abduction moments via unique distributions of strength and/or sprint kinetics. The allocations of strength and sprint kinetics appear interrelated through weaker posterior muscular strength and may be modifiable through a targeted strength training approach.
The Use of Acoustic Mapping to Improve Surveillance of Pediatric Patient with Residual COVID-19 Symptomology
Authors: Evans Kevin D. , Al Sultan Huriah , Beal Chad , Snyder Sydney , Varghese Juliet , Simonetti Orlando , Kanner Christopher 
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study was designed to assess the severity of lung tissue changes due to COVID-19 in a pediatric cohort that still complained of post-COVID-19 symptoms. Materials and Methods: Parents and adolescents, 13 to 22 years old and have had a confirmatory positive polymerase chain reaction (+PCR) and/or rapid antigen test for COVID-19, consented to have a series of diagnostic tests to determine the level of lung tissue changes due to COVID-19. Sixteen adolescents completed the intake form and lung sonography. The lung sonogram was completed using the bedside lung ultrasound in emergency (BLUE) point method and a GE Logiq I laptop ultrasound system, as well as a linear 7.5-MHz or 3.0-MHz convex-array transducers. Thirteen adolescents completed a chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination on a 0.55T Siemens MAGNETOM Free.Max scanner. The examination included the heart and lungs of each participant and took about 90 minutes. A radiologist, sonographer, and computed tomography (CT) technologist reviewed and scored the images. Those positive lung sonogram scores were matched anatomically to the same slice within the chest MRI examination. Results: Based on the 13 participants, the acoustic mapping process demonstrated no diagnostic matches for positively scored sonograms at the pleural line or pulmonary parenchyma with the corresponding MRI image slices. There were diagnostic matches for negatively scored sonograms at the pleural line or pulmonary parenchyma with the corresponding MRI image slices. Conclusion: With lingering post-COVID-19 symptomology, this adolescent cohort demonstrated that acoustic mapping of their lung sonograms and chest MRI images had important combined diagnostic value. Lung sonography demonstrated diagnostic effectiveness for evaluating the periphery of the lung tissue, in this cohort but limited in viewing deeper structures. Conversely, MRI provided definitive views of the entire chest cavity and lung tissue, which is important for properly evaluating deeper pulmonary parenchyma.
Control mechanism of short-term fertilization with cattle manure on the release characteristics of soil colloids in farmland: grain size and physicochemical properties
Authors: Song Xiaoming , Chen Zeyu , Zhang Qing , Zhang Zhipeng , Wen Yujuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding the release characteristics of soil colloids is a prerequisite for studying the co-transport of colloids and pollutants in subsurface environment. As a crucial agricultural management measure, fertilization not only alters the material composition of farmland soil, but also significantly regulates the properties and release patterns of soil colloids. This study systematically investigated the regulatory mechanism of short-term cattle manure fertilization on the macroscopic release and microscopic properties of soil colloids with different particle sizes, providing a theoretical foundation for subsequent research on the fate and transport of agricultural non-point source pollutants.

Results
The colloids in natural agricultural soil primarily consist of inorganic components. Graded extraction of the colloids has revealed that the combined proportion of colloids with particle sizes of 1–2 μm and 0.45–1 μm accounts for approximately 80.5%. Applying cattle manure inhibits the release of soil colloids, and the content of large particle size (1–2 μm) components increases. The content of organic colloids is increased due to the high total organic carbon (TOC) in cattle manure, particularly those with a particle size less than 1 μm. The characterization of organic colloid components revealed a significant increase in aromatic carbon and oxygen-containing functional groups, while the aliphatic content decreased. The response sequence regarding changes in functional groups within organic colloids induced by fertilization was as follows: –CH3, –CH2 > C–O > –OH > C=C. Fertilization promotes the release of 1:1-type inorganic mineral colloids, increasing the content of poorly crystalline minerals. The retention of aromatic carbon and oxygen-containing functional groups by poorly crystalline mineral colloids served as the primary mechanism leading to their increased content levels. Changes in environmental factors significantly impacted the release and properties of soil colloids. Conditions such as low cationic valence, high ionic strength, and high pH promoted the release of soil colloids.

Conclusions
The short-term fertilization resulted in a reduction in the release of soil colloids and brought about significant alterations in their particle size composition and properties. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into understanding the impact of fertilization-induced colloid release on the environmental behavior of agricultural non-point source pollutants.
An FPGA-based hardware accelerator supporting sensitive sequence homology filtering with profile hidden Markov models
Authors: Anderson Tim , Wheeler Travis J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Sequence alignment lies at the heart of genome sequence annotation. While the BLAST suite of alignment tools has long held an important role in alignment-based sequence database search, greater sensitivity is achieved through the use of profile hidden Markov models (pHMMs). Here, we describe an FPGA hardware accelerator, called HAVAC, that targets a key bottleneck step (SSV) in the analysis pipeline of the popular pHMM alignment tool, HMMER.

Results
The HAVAC kernel calculates the SSV matrix at 1739 GCUPS on a $$\sim$$
∼
$3000 Xilinx Alveo U50 FPGA accelerator card, $$\sim$$
∼
227× faster than the optimized SSV implementation in nhmmer. Accounting for PCI-e data transfer data processing, HAVAC is 65× faster than nhmmer’s SSV with one thread and 35× faster than nhmmer with four threads, and uses $$\sim$$
∼
31% the energy of a traditional high end Intel CPU.

Conclusions
HAVAC demonstrates the potential offered by FPGA hardware accelerators to produce dramatic speed gains in sequence annotation and related bioinformatics applications. Because these computations are performed on a co-processor, the host CPU remains free to simultaneously compute other aspects of the analysis pipeline.
Integrative phenotyping analyses reveal the relevance of the phyB-PIF4 pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana reproductive organs at high ambient temperature
Authors: Ebrahimi Naghani Shekoufeh , Šmeringai Ján , Pleskačová Barbora , Dobisová Tereza , Panzarová Klára , Pernisová Markéta , Robert Hélène S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The increasing ambient temperature significantly impacts plant growth, development, and reproduction. Uncovering the temperature-regulating mechanisms in plants is of high importance, for increasing our fundamental understanding of plant thermomorphogenesis, for its potential in applied science, and for aiding plant breeders in improving plant thermoresilience. Thermomorphogenesis, the developmental response to warm temperatures, has been primarily studied in seedlings and in the regulation of flowering time. PHYTOCHROME B and PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs), particularly PIF4, are key components of this response. However, the thermoresponse of other adult vegetative tissues and reproductive structures has not been systematically evaluated, especially concerning the involvement of phyB and PIFs.

Results
We screened the temperature responses of the wild type and several phyB-PIF4 pathway Arabidopsis mutant lines in combined and integrative phenotyping platforms for root growth in soil, shoot, inflorescence, and seed. Our findings demonstrate that phyB-PIF4 is generally involved in the relay of temperature signals throughout plant development, including the reproductive stage. Furthermore, we identified correlative responses to high ambient temperature between shoot and root tissues. This integrative and automated phenotyping was complemented by monitoring the changes in transcript levels in reproductive organs. Transcriptomic profiling of the pistils from plants grown under high ambient temperature identified key elements that may provide insight into the molecular mechanisms behind temperature-induced reduced fertilization rate. These include a downregulation of auxin metabolism, upregulation of genes involved auxin signalling, miRNA156 and miRNA160 pathways, and pollen tube attractants.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that phyB-PIF4 involvement in the interpretation of temperature signals is pervasive throughout plant development, including processes directly linked to reproduction.
Early administration of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hosseini Kaveh , Soleimani Hamidreza , Maleki Saba , Nasrollahizadeh Amir , Tayebi Sima , Nelson John , Heffron Sean P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
High-intensity statin therapy is currently recommended initial guideline therapy in ACS treatment. However, only a minority of patients are achieving LDL-C attainment goal at 6 months. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are on recommended guideline therapy post-ACS if LDL-C goal attainment is not achieved after high-intensity statin (4–6 weeks) and after the addition of ezetimibe if guideline goal attainment is not achieved after an additional 4–6 weeks. Thus, it has been recommended that PCSK9 inhibitors be considered earlier post-ACS. However, the efficacy of early PCSK9 inhibitors initiation in ACS patients remains uncertain.

Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies involving ACS patients who received PCSK9 inhibitors within 48 h of hospitalization were included. Common and random effects models were used to evaluate the pooled effect of early PCSK9 inhibitor administration. Nine RCTs and three cohort studies were included.

Results
Early PCSK9 inhibitor administration reduced the incidence of MI, ACS hospitalization, and revascularization at 6–18 months post-ACS. Although there was a drift towards reduced stroke, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular death, no statistically significant reduction was observed. Additionally, PCSK9 inhibitors significantly enhanced lipid control at 4–12 weeks after index hospitalization.

Conclusion
Early PCSK9 inhibitors initiation in ACS patients reduces MACE and improves lipid profiles. While the results propose promising benefits in terms of stroke and mortality, further research with longer follow-up is required for more decisive evidence.
Fracture pain in children in the emergency department: the impact of a new pain management procedure
Authors: Liber Mélany , De Jorna Claire , Abidji Déborah , Ramdane Nassima , Avez-Couturier Justine , Dubos François 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare compliance with the French national guidelines before and after the implementation (in 2018) of a new protocol on acute fracture pain management in the pediatric emergency department of a French university medical center.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective, before-after study in patients aged below 16 years presenting at the pediatric emergency department with a fracture. We compared pain management before (in 2017) and after (in 2019 and 2020) implementation of the new procedure. The primary endpoint was appropriate pain management, defined as (i) an appropriate initial assessment of pain, (ii) appropriate treatment with analgesic drugs (acetaminophen for mild pain, acetaminophen and ibuprofen for moderate pain, ibuprofen and morphine for severe pain) and (iii) reassessment of the pain intensity.

Results
572 patients were included (mean age: 6.5 years; male: 60%). 190 in 2017 and 382 in 2019–2020. Pain management was appropriate for 40% of the patients in 2017 and 52% in 2019–2020 (p = 0.004). Pain was rated for 98% of patients in 2017 vs. 100% in 2019–2020 (p = 0.04). The frequency of appropriate treatment for mild pain and moderate pain increased significantly from 52 to 76% and from 0 to 44%, respectively. The administration of ibuprofen increased by 26% points (from 3 to 20 patients treated) and the administration of morphine increased by 29% points (from 1 to 17 patients treated). Pain reassessment rose significantly from 21 to 43%. Levels of compliance with the guidelines were similar in 2019 and 2020. Analgesia was significantly more effective in 2019–2020 than in 2017 (in 20% vs. 14% of the patients, respectively; p = 0.005).

Conclusion
After the implementation of a new protocol for the management of acute fracture pain, we observed an increase in compliance with the guidelines. Although the use of ibuprofen and morphine rose significantly as did the frequency of pain reassessment, further improvements are required.
The treatment pattern of advanced HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer in central southern China: a hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Hu Zhe-Yu , Liu Binliang , Xie Ning , Yang Xiaohong , Liu Liping , Xiao Huawu , Li Jing , Wu Hui , Gao Jianxiang , Lu Jun , Hu Xuming , Cao Min , Shui Zhengrong , Tian Can , Ouyang Quchang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aims
This investigation aims to elucidate the treatment status of advanced HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients in Hunan Province of Central Southern China from November 2021 to December 2022.

Methods
Data from 301 patients with advanced HR+/HER2- breast cancer were collected from the breast cancer investigation project in Hunan under the guidance of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncolfogy (CSCO). The data included the clinical characteristics of patients and the status of first-line and second-line rescue treatment.

Results
First-line chemotherapy and endocrine therapy for mBC accounted for 40% (121/301) and 60% (180/301) of treatments, respectively. AI (21%), AI plus CDK4/6 inhibitor (28%), and fulvestrant (24%) or fulvestrant plus CDK4/6 inhibitor (18%) were the most common first-line endocrine therapies. Taxane-based chemotherapy was the most common first-line chemotherapy (59%). Second-line chemotherapy and endocrine therapy for mBC accounted for 43% (72/166) and 57% (94/166) of treatments, respectively. Fulvestrant (23%) or fulvestrant plus CDK4/6 inhibitor (29%) were the most common second-line endocrine therapies. The prevalences of AI and AI plus CDK4/6 inhibitor decreased to 19% and 11%, respectively. T (taxane)-based chemotherapy was still the most common chemotherapy regimen (46%). Third-line chemotherapy was more prevalent than endocrine therapy (57% vs. 41%). T (taxane)-based chemotherapy was still the most common chemotherapy regimen (46%). Fulvestrant plus CDK4/6 inhibitor was the most common endocrine therapy (33%). AI, AI plus CDK4/6 inhibitor, and fulvestrant accounted for 21%, 12% and 18% of third-line endocrine therapies, respectively.

Conclusions
Compared to chemotherapy, endocrine therapy was a more favorable choice for first-line and second-line treatment for HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer patients in Hunan Province.
The Total Worker Health® (TWH) approach: a systematic review of its application in different occupational settings
Authors: Leso Veruscka , Carugno Michele , Carrer Paolo , Fusco Fabio , Mendola Marco , Coppola Mariagaia , Zaffina Salvatore , Di Prinzio Reparata Rosa , Iavicoli Ivo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), in 2011, developed the “Total Worker Health®” (TWH) as a holistic approach to protect and promote the workers’ safety, health, and well-being. After over ten years from the TWH development, the aim of the present systematic review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the worldwide TWH initiatives.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science were searched for TWH studies published up to the 31st of July 2023, and 43 investigations could be included. The review was registered on the International prospective register of systematic reviews PROSPERO with the reference number CRD42023416972.

Results
Issues that emerged as relevant for the TWH operationalization were the awareness about the TWH approach and fundamentals, the leadership commitment, and a participatory engagement of the workforce: these aspects all contributed to acceptable and effective setting oriented TWH plans, specifically tailored on the peculiarities of the workplace, including small enterprises and multiemployer worksites. Evaluation and continual improvement were reported as fundamental for the successful implementation of TWH initiatives. Limited resources for safety and health initiatives, in terms of time, people, and funds, together with difficulties in the identification of safety and health priorities and a poor participatory culture were recognized as obstacles to the TWH application. Training resulted the core component of the TWH leadership and workforce preparedness, with beneficial results in terms of safety culture and adoption of preventive measures.

Conclusions
Although interesting aspects emerged from our review, future longitudinal investigations should confirm the effectiveness, easy integration, and long-term sustainability of TWH models in different workplaces, in order to effectively support safe and health-enhancing works able to improve innovation and productivity.