bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sorghum bean composite porridge nutritional quality and acceptability
Authors: Candace Jackson Jose , Weatherspoon Lorraine , Nnyepi Maria , Malete Leapetswe , Mokgatlhe Lucky , Lyoka Philemon , Bennink Maurice 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the quality of porridge made from cereal legume composite flour and to compare with a porridge that it is traditionally eaten.Design/methodology/approachThe nutritional composition as well as protein, microbiological, and sensory quality of porridge from a sorghum bean composite flour was assessed and compared with sorghum porridge (SP) that is traditionally eaten in Botswana.FindingsResults indicated that the nutrient composition and the protein quality of the sorghum bean composite porridge were significantly higher than that of the SP. The majority of children and adults rated the sensory attributes of the sorghum composite porridge highly and adult consumers indicated willingness to buy it.Originality/valueThe study demonstrates that using traditionally consumed foods, which are culturally acceptable and low cost, such as sorghum and sugar beans, can improve nutritional and sensory attributes when composited. These composited foods can then be recommended as a sustainable supplementary food source to improve the nutritional status and health of vulnerable populations such as HIV+ children.
SMEs as “transmitters” of CSR requirements in the supply chain
Authors: Ayuso Silvia , Roca Mercè , Colomé Rosa 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop understanding of the role of small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in relation to sustainable supply chain management, i.e. how corporate social responsibility (CSR) is integrated in their relationship with customers and suppliers.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from a survey of CSR requirements among 410 Spanish SMEs, the paper examines the extent to which SMEs receive social and environmental requirements from diverse customer typologies and the extent to which they pass on such requirements to different supplier typologies.FindingsBased on survey results, it is concluded that large businesses are the most demanding customers in terms of the CSR requirements imposed to their SME suppliers. In turn, SMEs are able to transfer the requests received from their (larger) customers to their own suppliers.Research limitations/implicationsThe data are confined to companies located in a particular region (Catalonia in Spain), which questions its generalizability to other geographical contexts.Practical implicationsThe research shows that small and medium companies can be effective in spreading the CSR requirements received from large companies through the supply chain.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to research on sustainable supply chain management from the SME perspective and offers a systematic analysis of the CSR activities of SMEs, both as suppliers and buyers. In addition, it proposes a rigorous way to measure the CSR‐related supply chain pressure.
Intellectual capital and knowledge management in the Iranian space industries
Authors: Piri Morteza , Jasemi Milad , Abdi Majid 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis paper experimentally examines the concept of intellectual capital in the Iranian space industries. The first objective of this study is to validate a model for assessing the relationships among some factors of intellectual capital and knowledge management; and organizational performance. The second objective is to evaluate the mediating role of some of them in the relationship between the intangible assets and organizational performance.Design/methodology/approachThe research is designed to utilize a systematic sampling and survey method. Intellectual capital here is decided to be four items of human, structural, innovation and cultural capital while two items of “knowledge development and sharing” and “learning and knowledge application” are considered for knowledge management. The structural equation modeling approach is used to validate the research model.FindingsThese analyses suggest that human capital and structural capital are positively associated with organizational performance. The findings also indicate that both cultural capital and knowledge management practices fully mediate the effects of intangible assets on organizational performance while the latter does more.Originality/valueThis study adds to the literature in two valuable ways. First, it validates a model for assessing the associations among organizational performance and adoption of knowledge management and intellectual capital. Second, it offers important results on the identification of mediating role of cultural capital and knowledge management practices.
Knowing‐doing gaps in ICT: gender and culture
Authors: Richards Deborah , Busch Peter 
Published: August 2013

PurposeA problem for many organisations today is what is referred to as the “knowing‐doing gap” or the difference between possessing the knowledge and the actual application of it. This paper aims to explore the perception that differences exist with regard to soft or tacit knowledge‐knowing and utilisation in the IT workplace, but at the level of gender and ethnic‐culture specifically. Through a statistical examination of electronic survey results from two ICT organisations in Australia, the study explores the validity of such claims.Design/methodology/approachContinuing from previous grounded theory research, a series of workplace scenarios testing for such knowledge utilisation were created. After trialling the initial scenarios on a pilot population, they were further refined and made part of an online survey questionnaire. Some 119 employees of two Australian ICT organisations rated how they would deal with soft knowledge situations both in principle and in practice. The sample was not selected along gender or cultural lines beforehand; however statistical analysis was conducted to determine if differences to situation‐handling existed.FindingsThe paper provides empirical insights into how genders and cultures deal with soft knowledge situations in different ways. The findings do tend to support certain stereotypes such as females generally appearing more passive, relationship and high context oriented and less individualistic. Whilst males appeared more achievement‐oriented and individualistic, Anglo‐males were closer to females for relationship and high context ideals.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the limited sample size the research results may lack generalisability. Furthermore criticism of Likert scales also exists, as does the use of language other than English as a representation of ethnic culture.Originality/valueThe study adopts a novel use of soft knowledge inventories when applied to the parameters of gender and culture.
On-line information and registration with services: patterns of support for carers in England
Authors: Manthorpe Jill , Moriarty Jo , Cornes Michelle , Hussein Shereen , Lombard Daniel 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– The paper aims to ascertain how local authorities and other services are responding to central government strategies to make support for family carers a priority.

Design/methodology/approach
– A web-based audit of local authority public information for carers was undertaken (n=50). The sample covered different parts of England and different local authority types.

Findings
– A small minority of local authority web sites mention that they operated Carers’ Registers. Overall local authorities offer different resources to carers, ranging from discounts in the local area to access to emergency card registration. Some use online information as a communication channel. Overall local authority online information for carers seems to be variable in quality, accessibility and purpose. We conclude that growth in the collection of information by primary care services in England risks duplicating some of the functions of, and problems with, local authority activities. Local commissioning should minimise confusion and make optimal use of carers’ information. Carers should not have to navigate confusing, variable, parallel systems and outreach is needed for those who do not use electronic media, such as some older carers.

Research limitations/implications
– This was a small-scale study nested within a larger project. It is possible that the web sites we interrogated were atypical, although we did take steps to prevent this.

Originality/value
– The study's strength lies in its originality of approach undertaking a specific audit of material that is publicly available and reflecting on a subject that has not previously been explored in the context of information for carers.
Identification of psoriatic patients at risk of high quality of life impairment
Authors: Sojević Timotijević Zorica , Janković Slavenka , Trajković Goran , Majcan Predrag , Perišić Svetlana , Dostanić Nenad , Janićijević Hudomal Snežana , Janković Janko 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPsoriasis is a systematic chronic disease with large influence on patients' quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to assess the QoL of patients with psoriasis using generic, dermatology‐specific and psoriasis‐specific instruments simultaneously, to investigate the relationships between dimensions or subscales of the questionnaires and to identify categories of patients at risk of a high QoL impairment. The study comprised 100 consecutive patients with psoriasis treated at the Department of Dermatology, Clinical Center “Zvezdara”, Belgrade, from January to December 2011. Three QoL questionnaires were administered: the EuroQol‐5D (EQ‐5D), the Dermatological Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI). The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index was used in evaluating disease severity. According to our results the QoL of psoriatic patients was impaired (the overall DLQI and PDI scores were 10.5 ± 7.2 and 13.4 ± 8.7, respectively, while EQ visual analog scale score was 48.8 ± 25.1). The most predictive factor of QoL impairment was disease severity, followed by sole and nail involvement. Psoriatic arthritis and bleeding were also associated with impaired QoL. Significant correlations between the instruments used in this study were in the expected directions. Mainly strong and moderate significant correlations ranging 0.26–0.84 were seen between DLQI and PDI instruments. A detailed approach to QoL assessment may give to the dermatologist useful information that could be of help in identifying patients belonging to categories at risk of high QoL impairment due to psoriasis, thus guiding them in clinical practice.
Surgical site infections in skin surgery: A single center experience
Authors: Kulichová Daniela , Geimer Till , Mühlstädt Michael , Ruzicka Thomas , Kunte Christian 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe main interests covered in this article are the determination of risk factors and incidence of surgical site infections in dermatosurgery and suggestions for rational use of antibiotic prophylaxis. A total of 3284 consecutive dermatosurgical interventions in 1088 patients were performed in our dermatosurgery department. Data regarding patient characteristics and perioperative course were prospectively collected and retrospective analysis of this data was performed. Association of perioperative parameters and postoperative surgical site infections was assessed by χ2‐test. Rate of postoperative infections in our study was low (1.9%). Purulent surgical sites showed the highest incidence of severe postoperative infections (4.7%; P < 0.001). The lowest incidence of mild infections was seen in preoperatively clean surgical sites (0.8%; P < 0.001). All patients with severe infections and 68% patients with mild infections were older than 70 years. The head and neck and acral regions were the groups mostly affected by mild postoperative conditions (2.4% and 1.7%, respectively; P = 0.006). The frequency of mild and severe infections in procedures performed by experienced surgeons was lower than in procedures performed by less experienced surgeons (0.6% vs 3.1% in mild infections, 0.1 vs 0.8 in severe infections; P < 0.001). The main risk factors for postoperative infections were wounds in the head and neck region, lips and oral mucosa or acral regions, older age of patients, worse preoperative state of surgical sites and less experienced surgeons. In the majority of cases where risk factors were missing there was no need of antibiotic prophylaxis.
Narrowband ultraviolet B irradiation increases the serum level of vitamin D3 in patients with neurofibromatosis 1
Authors: Nakayama Juichiro , Imafuku Shinichi , Mori Tatsuki , Sato Chiemi 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe serum vitamin D3 levels in patients with neurofibromatosis 1 has been reported to be significantly lower than that in control subjects, and the level of vitamin D3 reversely correlates with the severity of neurofibroma formation. We found that narrowband ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB) irradiation increased the serum level of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 in patients with neurofibromatosis 1. The difference in the 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 levels between patients who had received irradiation for more than 18 months and those who had no irradiation was highly significant. Time‐course analyses of the serum vitamin D3 levels in the patients who were enrolled after informed consent revealed that the levels became higher significantly after 6 months of irradiation. It is suggested that NB‐UVB irradiation is effective for increasing the serum level of vitamin D3 in patients with neurofibromatosis 1, which may be of benefit for skin symptoms such as pigmented macules or neurofibromas.
Growth activity of gammaproteobacterial subgroups in waters off the west Antarctic Peninsula in summer and fall
Authors: Nikrad Mrinalini P. , Cottrell Matthew T. , Kirchman David L. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryCharacterizing both growth and abundance is important in understanding the role of bacterial communities in biogeochemical cycling of global oceans. However, these two quantities are seldom measured together for specific bacterial clades. Our goal was to examine growth and abundance of three gammaproteobacterial subgroups, including SAR86, at the single‐cell level by microautoradiography combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in coastal waters of the west Antarctic Peninsula region during two austral summers and one austral fall. We found that the SAR86 clade was less abundant and grew more slowly than two related gammaproteobacterial clades, Ant4D3 and Arctic96B‐16. Over 60% of Ant4D3 and Arctic96B‐16 cells incorporated leucine, while only 25% of SAR86 cells were active in both summer and fall. We also explored using the size of the FISH image as another measure of single‐cell activity. There was a linear relationship between FISH cell size and incorporation of leucine for all bacteria, Ant4D3 and Arctic96B‐16, but not for SAR86. FISH sizes of SAR86 cells were at least threefold smaller than cells in the other clades. Our results suggest slow growth of SAR86 in the perennially cold waters of the west Antarctic Peninsula.
Seasonally variable intestinal metagenomes of the red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus)
Authors: Jia Shangang , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhang Guangyu , Yin An , Zhang Sun , Li Fusen , Wang Lei , Zhao Duojun , Yun Quanzheng , Tala  , Wang Jixiang , Sun Gaoyuan , Baabdullah Mohammed , Yu Xiaoguang , Hu Songnian , Al‐Mssallem Ibrahim S. , Yu Jun 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThe intestinal microbes residing in the red palm weevil (RPW, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) larva consume tender interior fibrous tissues of date palm trunks. The understanding of such microbiota at molecular level provides vital clues for the biological control of this devastating pest. Using pyrosequencing and shotgun strategy, we first study taxonomic profiles of the microbiota sampled at different months (March, July and November), and then confirm the impact of high‐temperature stress on the microbial populations based on data from 16S rRNA amplicons using both field and laboratory samples. We further identify Klebsiella pneumoniae in November and Lactococcus lactis in July as the dominant species of the microbiota. We find that the RPW gut microbiota degrades polysaccharides and sucrose with hydrolases and that different active bacterial species in November and July are responsible for the symbiotic relationship between the microbiota and the host. Our results provide vital information for pest control and cellulolytic bacterial species characterization.
Shotgun proteomics suggests involvement of additional enzymes in dioxin degradation by Sphingomonas wittichii RW1
Authors: Hartmann Erica M. , Armengaud Jean 
Published: August 2013

SummaryChlorinated congeners of dibenzo‐p‐dioxin and dibenzofuran are widely dispersed pollutants that can be treated using microorganisms, such as the Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 bacterium, able to transform some of them into non‐toxic substances. The enzymes of the upper pathway for dibenzo‐p‐dioxin degradation in S. wittichii RW1 have been biochemically and genetically characterized, but its genome sequence indicated the existence of a tremendous potential for aromatic compound transformation, with 56 ring‐hydroxylating dioxygenase subunits, 34 extradiol dioxygenases and 40 hydrolases. To further characterize this enzymatic arsenal, new methodological approaches should be employed. Here, a large shotgun proteomic survey was performed on cells grown on dibenzofuran, dibenzo‐p‐dioxin and 2‐chlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin, and compared with growth on acetate. Changes in the proteome were monitored over time. In total, 502 proteins were observed and quantified using a label‐free mass spectrometry‐based approach; all data were deposited to the ProteomeXchange (PXD000403). Our results confirmed the roles of the dioxin dioxygenase DxnA1A2, trihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase DbfB, meta‐cleavage product hydrolase DxnB and reductase RedA2, and corroborated the proposed involvement of the Swit_3046 dioxygenase and DxnB2 hydrolase. Trends across substrates and over the course of growth do not support concerted pathway regulation and suggest the involvement of an additional hydrolase and several TonB‐dependent receptors.
How Do Health and Social Insurance Programmes Affect the Land and Labour Allocations of Farm Households? Evidence from Taiwan
Authors: Chang Hung‐Hao , Meyerhoefer Chad D. , Just David R. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTo protect farmers from health care costs and risks to livelihood, most countries have developed special health and social insurance programmes specifically for farmers. While numerous studies have examined the determinants of participation in these programmes, little is known about how they influence famers' land and labour allocations. Without government‐sponsored health and social insurance, farmers may seek off‐farm employment in order to obtain similar benefits. Conditioning eligibility for social insurance on minimum land holdings and on‐farm work days can lead to delayed retirement and other forms of job lock. We investigate these issues using a unique dataset of 703,287 farms in Taiwan. After controlling for non‐random participation in Taiwan's social insurance programme, we find that the programme increases (decreases) on (off) farm labour supply, and decreases the amount of set‐aside land. This suggests that payments from social insurance substitute for those issued through land set‐aside programmes to some extent, and that failing to account for this substitution increases the cost of achieving both programmes' objectives.
External validation of the lumbosacral plexus‐contouring protocol developed by Yi et al. (IJROBP 2012; 84: 376–82) for pelvic malignancies
Authors: Min Myo , Roos Daniel , Keating Elly , Kerr Laura , Mukherjee Rahul , Potter Andrew , Shakeshaft John , Baxi Siddhartha 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate interobserver variability in contouring lumbosacral plexuses (LSP) using the protocol developed by Yi et al. (IJROBP 2012; 84: 376–82) and to review LSP dosimetries for conventional radiotherapy and intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for pelvic cancers.Methods and materialsUsing the above‐mentioned protocol, seven outliners independently contoured LSPs of 10 consecutive patients (five patients treated with conventional radiotherapy and five with IMRT). Interobserver variability was reviewed visually by using planning axial CT images and anteroposterior digitally reconstructed radiographs. Dosimetries of LSPs were also calculated and compared.ResultsThere was a notable learning curve for each outliner; duration to outline the first patient was 45–185 minutes, versus 15–50 minutes after six patients. We found significant interobserver variability among outliners below the level of the S2 nerve roots. The LSP volumes (mean volume range of 40.9–58.4 cc) were smaller than those described in the atlas paper (71–138 cc). The mean values of mean dose, maximum dose, V40 Gy, V50 Gy and V55 Gy, respectively, for patients treated with conventional radiotherapy versus those treated with IMRT were 35.5 Gy versus 33.6 Gy, 52.2 Gy versus 52.2 Gy, 61.3% versus 54.4%, 14.9% versus 18.8% and 0% versus 2.5%.ConclusionWe conclude that the protocol developed by Yi et al. is a useful set of guidelines but suggest that additional at‐risk components of the LSP also be contoured. We recommend that radiation oncologists practise ‘nerve‐sparing’ radiotherapy by contouring LSPs, especially when using IMRT. We propose the term ‘lumbosacral plexus regions’ (LSPRs) to highlight the fact that LSPs are not always radiologically visible, only the regions where they are likely to be present.
When should women be recruited to intrapartum research projects? A retrospective review
Authors: Phipps Hala , de Vries Bradley , Kuah Sabrina , Hyett Jon A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo review and describe the impact of varied recruitment processes in two intrapartum studies.DesignRetrospective review of one prospective cohort study and one pilot randomized controlled trial.SettingAustralian tertiary referral hospital.PopulationWomen with term, cephalic singleton pregnancies.MethodsRecruitment processes in one observational and one interventional study examining the management of occipitoposterior position in labor were reviewed. Data concerning recruitment and serial attrition for these studies were collected. The value of allowing consent in early labor in addition to consent in the antenatal period was assessed.Main outcome measureRelative proportions of women participating compared with the numbers approached and recruited.ResultsOne in 48 women approached about the observational study agreed to participate and then had a fetus in occipitoposterior position. One in 33 women in the intervention study were eventually randomized. Women approached in early labor were more likely to agree to participate (77% vs. 58%; p < 0.0001), more likely to have an ultrasound scan during labor (40% vs. 15%; p < 0.0001) and more likely to be randomized to intervention (4% vs. 1.5%; p = 0.02).ConclusionIntrapartum research is associated with low rates of recruitment and these rates may be improved by asking women to provide informed consent during labor rather than the antenatal period. It is important to consider ways to facilitate randomized controlled trials involving women in labor to advance evidence‐based care in this environment. This should include prospective research that seeks to define the best approach to patient recruitment.