bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporary Anchorage Device Misplaced into Infratemporal Space - A Case Report
Authors: Kumar R Mahesh , Dutta Subham , Handique Swadhinata , Sateesh CP 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
During orthodontic treatment, temporary anchoring devices (TADs) are used to restrain tooth movement. They are a relatively recent addition to the dental toolkit.

Aim:
As TADs have limitations, Dr. Eric Lieu of Taiwan developed Infra Zygomatic Crest (IZC) screws which are placed between the maxillary second premolar at the bony crest.

Treatment Planning:
The goal of this case study is to emphasize the value of anatomy, site selection, and IZC retrieval in the event of an accident. Cone beam computed tomography was used as a diagnostic tool for the precise location of the displaced IZC and immediate surgical retrieval was done under local anesthesia from the infratemporal space to prevent further complications.

Take-away Lessons:
Orthodontists knowledge of soft tissue and hard tissue anatomy and precise positioning is crucial for successful TAD implantation.
Index of Caries Experience – A Composite System for Recording Dental Caries
Authors: Bhat Sreevidya , Bhat Meghashyam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Measurement of dental caries is imperative for its prevention and control. The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a dental caries index that is reliable, reversible, and valid. A cross-sectional study was designed and conducted at the outreach dental clinics of a dental school in India.

Methods and Material:
A total of 219 patients visiting outreach centres participated in the study. Patients attending outreach dental clinics aged 15 years and above, who were dentate and affected by dental caries, were included. Clinical examination was done under clinical conditions with dental chair lighting. Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Index of Caries Experience (ICE) were recorded using the visuo-tactile method according to the index criteria.

Results:
The relationship between the DMFT and ICE was determined. Results showed that the DMFT from ICE had good correlation. The decayed teeth index (DTI) score varied from decayed teeth (DT) according to age and sex. DTI was significantly higher for females than for males and higher among younger age groups than older ones, but DT did not exhibit the differences.

Conclusions:
ICE is a new system in which the proviso is to measure the non-cavitated lesions and health of permanent dentition. DMFT and ICE have good correlation. DTI is more sensitive than the DT score.
Efficacy and Viability of Subgingival Application of Probiotics as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Periodontitis
Authors: Poulose Mariam , Gujar Dnyaneshwari , Panicker Suneeta , Rokade Shreya , Guruprasad Meghana , Gopalakrishnan Dharmarajan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aim:
This study aimed to compare the efficacy of subgingivally applied probiotics as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) vs SRP alone in patients with periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
Patients diagnosed with periodontitis, with probing pocket depth (PPD) of 5–7 mm on at least two teeth on contralateral sites, were selected for the study and randomly allocated to the test group (n = 31) who underwent SRP along with subgingival application of probiotic paste and the control group (n = 31) who underwent only SRP. Clinical parameters were evaluated in both groups at baseline and after 12 weeks. The viability of probiotic bacteria was evaluated in the test group at baseline, day 4 and day 8.

Results:
All clinical parameters showed a statistically significant difference between baseline and 12 weeks on intragroup and intergroup comparison, with a greater improvement in the test group. Microbiological evaluation showed that the mean colony-forming units (CFUs) in the test group were 38.39 ± 7.76, 7.25 ± 2.72 and 1.57 ± 1.29 at baseline, day 4 and day 8, respectively. The mean CFUs significantly reduced with an increase in time from baseline to 8-day time interval.

Conclusion:
It was seen that the probiotic bacteria remained viable in the periodontal pocket for up to 8 days after placement, but stable improvements were seen in all clinical parameters even at 12 weeks, indicating its prolonged efficacy. Thus, commercially available probiotics can prove to be an inexpensive method to treat periodontitis when combined with SRP.
Smokeless Tobacco Use and Quit Behaviour Assessment in a Middle Aged to Elderly Population in a Rural Setting - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Sharma Hunny , Yunus G.Y. , Verma Swati , Agarwal Rohit , Chevvuri Ramakrishna , Vasant Balasubramanyam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Expanding knowledge on tobacco use and quitting outcomes in Chhattisgarh, India, is crucial. Limited data hinder the assessment of tobacco use prevalence and quitting outcomes in the region. This household-based cross-sectional study aimed to assess smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and quit behaviour among village dwellers aged 35–44 and 65–74 years in Jamul, Chhattisgarh.

Materials and Methods:
A survey was conducted among 450 participants, utilising a pretested questionnaire and data analysis using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v23.

Results:
The study revealed that among the survey participants, 61.1% were males and 38.9% were females. The prevalence of SLT use was found to be 67.8%, with 59.1% of current SLT users reporting daily use. Middle-aged individuals predominantly chose gutkha, while khaini was more common among the elderly. Tobacco and paan with tobacco were also commonly used forms. Gudakhu, a popular SLT product for oral hygiene and easy defecation, was reported by 71.34% of participants. Television warnings and SLT packages proved to be successful methods for disseminating information about the dangers of SLT use. However, SLT users who attempted to quit independently reported encountering one or more withdrawal symptoms, which posed significant obstacles to quitting SLT.

Conclusion:
Community-based awareness programmes are implemented via regional television (TV) channels, coupled with cessation initiatives, including professional counselling, pharmaceutical interventions and support of peer. Changing attitudes against SLT use and promoting tobacco-free environments are prioritized. These strategies will effectively address SLT use and improve quitting outcomes in Jamul, Chhattisgarh, fostering a healthier community.
Efficacy for Lidocaine and Articaine in Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block - A Comparative Study
Authors: Purkayastha Rakhi S. , Joshi Samir , Nair Krishnanunni , Pawar Sudhir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aims:
Compare the efficacy of 2% lidocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) and 4% articaine with adrenaline (1:100,000) in inferior alveolar nerve block prior to extraction of bilateral teeth posterior to canine in interval of one week.

Methods and Material:
Thirty-five patients were selected for the study. Patients were divided into two different groups: Group 1 – (2% lignocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000)) and Group 2 – (4% articaine with adrenaline (1:100,000)) solution. The study variables for each anaesthetic agent were: onset of action and depth of anaesthesia. A pulp tester was used to demonstrate quantitative values and a visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for qualitative evaluation of the two anaesthetic drugs in 2 min cycle for 10 min with respect to test canine. Anaesthesia was considered successful when pulp tester value 64 was achieved in 10 min for both the anaesthetic agent.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The difference in the efficacy of lignocaine and articaine was analysed using Student’s t test. Within group comparison of the response to the pulp vitality test and VAS over various time periods was analysed using repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Bonferroni test.

Results:
Data analysis showed statistical differences in onset and depth of anaesthesia between the two groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
4% Articaine with adrenaline (1:100,000) onset of action is faster and depth of anaesthesia is better compared to 2% lignocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000). Many previous studies reported onset of anaesthesia, but this study evaluates onset and depth of both the anaesthetic agent quantitatively and qualitatively.
Evaluation of Remineralizing Capacity of Tricalcium Phosphate, Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Ozone Remineralizing Agents on the Artificial Carious Lesion
Authors: Shah Shahzad Ali , Sharma Mehak , Ismail Prabu Mahin Syed , Babaji Prashant , Mohammed Azhar , Malik Bhavna , Mandal Ananyo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Dental caries is a dynamic process. By using therapeutic agents, early, noncavitated lesions and caries limited to the enamel can be stopped or even remineralized. For the remineralization of the initial carious lesion, many nonfluoridated remineralizing agents were investigated.

Objectives:
An observational study to assess the remineralizing efficacy of tricalcium phosphate (TCP), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) and ozone remineralizing agents on the artificial carious lesion.

Methodology:
In this observational research, the artificial carious lesion was produced on extracted 40 premolar teeth. Later, remineralizing agents (Group A: nHAp, Group B: TCP, Group C: Ozone remineralizing agents, Group D: Control group (Deionized water) were used to remineralize demineralized teeth. Utilizing the Vickers Hardness Number, the level of demineralization and remineralization was assessed. Later these readings were statistically assessed using the Tukey’s HSD (honestly significant difference) and ANOVA tests in SPSS version 21.0. The P value was set at 0.05 or less.

Results:
After demineralization, there was a decrease in enamel microhardness values, with 32% in Group A, 26% in Group B, 22% in Group C, and 21% in Group D, respectively. From the baseline to demineralization, there was a statistically significant decrease in microhardness across all groups. After remineralization, Groups A, B, and C experienced an increase in microhardness while Group D experienced no changes. This showed that Group A had the highest remineralization percentage, followed by Group B and Group C.

Conclusion:
nHAp and TCP had the greater remineralizing ability, which can be used to manage initial carious lesions.
Ludwig’s Angina During Pregnancy-A Case Report
Authors: Balaji Varsha Christy Rani , Vani K 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Pregnancy is accompanied by several physiological changes such as altered salivary flow rate, mucosal immunity and altered microbial flora. This may predispose pregnant women to oral health problems. This could be accentuated by oral health neglect, polypharmacy and a host of other factors, including dietary modification. However, a very significant percentage of women are not counselled on oral health during pregnancy. Lack of proper oral healthcare and awareness predispose pregnant women to oral and odontogenic infections, which can lead to severe complications. The manuscript aims to present a rare case of Ludwig’s angina (LA) in a full-term pregnant woman requiring immediate attention.
An Immunohistochemical and Histological Study of the Animal Periodontal Ligament During Orthodontic Force Application with Concomitant Application of Electric Current - An Animal Study
Authors: Chou Teh Min , Agarwal Ashish , Agarwal Rahul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The application of direct current can have a significant impact on the rate of tooth movement and surrounding periodontal ligament collagen turnover. This study aims to provide insight into the optimal characteristics of applied current to achieve enhanced tissue response.

Method:
Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (I, II, and III). Split mouth design was used, and each side was allocated into an experimental group or control group. Experimental sides of groups I, II, and III received 20, 10, and 15 μA of current (15 min, twice daily for 3 days). Both the experimental and control groups receive an orthodontic force via the NiTi closed coil spring. The amount of tooth movement was determined daily. Immunohistochemistry slides were scored using the immunoreactive scoring (IRS) system for collagen types I and III. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test were used to analyse the rate of tooth movement, while Mann–Whitney test was used to analyse IRS distribution between control and experimental groups.

Results:
Compared with the control group, there was a statistically significant difference in tooth movement in all the experimental groups, with group 3 showing the maximum rate on days 2 and 3. This was supported by immunoreactive scores for both collagen types I and III.

Conclusions:
After 72 hours, the expression of collagen types 1 and 3 increased significantly for group III. This finding was in harmony with the rate of tooth movement, which was maximum for group 3 (15 μA) as compared to other groups.
Parental Attachment Styles and Psychological Well-being in Gifted Adolescents: Insights from India
Authors: Hapse Kasturi , Desai Devasena N. , Gokhale Meenakshi , Balasubramanian Sadhanaa , Gayathree M. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The present study aimed to understand the relationship between perceived parental attachment style and the well-being of gifted adolescents in India.

Methods:
A correlational research design was used to analyze the results of the study. Data were collected from 53 gifted adolescents (age: 13–17 years) using the purposive sampling method. The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment - Revised (Gullone & Robinson, 2005) and Psychological Well-being of Adolescents scale (Kulkarni & Patwardhan, 2015) which is based on Ryff’s model of psychological well-being were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using Kendall’s Tau correlation.

Results:
The results indicate a significant positive correlation between perceived parental attachment and psychological well-being, specifically with respect to self-acceptance and personal growth in gifted adolescents.

Conclusion:
Findings suggest that perception of trust from parents, effective communication, and reduced sense of parental alienation are positively linked to self-acceptance and purpose of life in gifted adolescents. Parental trust correlates with the feeling of empowerment in gifted adolescents, impacting their willingness to explore new things and find innovative solutions to problems. Diminished feelings of parental alienation contribute to the personal growth in gifted adolescents and vice versa.
Exploring Childlessness: A Cross-Sectional Examination of Marital Adjustment and Mental Health Status among Men and Women in Northeast India
Authors: Paul Fayaz Ahmad , Basistha Banani , Ali Arif , Saikia Priyanka , Dar Danishwar Rasool 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Childlessness has been characterized as a syndrome with multiple causes, a disease’s effect, or manifestation rather than the disease itself, a biological impairment, a psychosomatic disorder, a condition that affects a couple rather than an individual, a failure to produce, and a failure to satisfy the individual’s desire to have children.

Aim:
This study assessed mental health and marital adjustment and examined the relationship between mental health and marital adjustment among childless men and women in northeast India.

Materials and Methods:
The present study employed a cross-sectional research design to examine a sample of 72 childless men and women residing in the northeastern states of India, all of whom had been married for a minimum of 5 years. Out of the total sample, there were 21 men (29.2%) and 51 women (70.8%). Among these participants, it was found that 18 individuals (25.0%) were currently undergoing treatment. The participants were chosen using the snowball sampling approach. The study employed two research instruments, including the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21, the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire, and a sociodemographic data sheet.

Results:
It was found that 29.2% of childless men and women had moderate levels of depression, 13.9% had severe anxiety, and 43.1% had mild stress. Out of 72 childless men and women, 29.2% of respondents described good levels of marital adjustment. While 15.3% felt poor marital adjustment and 07.0% felt a very poor marital adjustment. Furthermore, it was observed that marital adjustment had a negative relationship with depression (r = −0.215, P < 0.05), anxiety (r = −0.105, P > 0.05), and stress (r = −0.020, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
The findings highlight the importance of enhancing marital satisfaction to improve mental health among childless couples, suggesting a need for psychological support interventions.
Correlation of Circulating Dickkopf-1 Level with Sonographic Findings and Radiographic Grading in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Azzam Adel Ibrahim , Labib Abdelrahman Mohamed , Haseeb Abd-Elshafy Ahmed , Abd-Elaziz Ahmed Fathy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a frequently complex joint disease that involves all joint components, including cartilage degeneration and new bone development. Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) regulates bone growth and repair in OA. The purpose of this study is to determine Dkk-1 blood levels in individuals with primary knee joint OA, as well as their associations with disease progression and severity.

Methods:
This study included 45 individuals with primary OA of the knee and 45 healthy participants. Demographic data, body mass index, Visual Analog Scale, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis questionnaire scores were gathered. On radiography, the Kellgren and Lawrence score was acquired. The knee joint ultrasonography results were documented. The blood level of Dkk-1 was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.

Results:
Dkk-1 levels in the blood were substantially higher in patients with OA than in healthy persons. Serum Dkk-1 levels appeared to have a significantly inverted relationship with radiological OA grades in knee OA (P < 0.001). Dkk-1 serum levels were significantly lower in individuals with ultrasonographic knee effusion (median = 3.2, interquartile range [IQR] = 3.1–4.16) than in those without effusion (median = 4.79, IQR = 4.04–5.09). Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between Dkk-1 levels and ultrasonographically measured femoral cartilage thickness.

Conclusion:
Dkk-1 is an interesting radiological indicator associated with degenerative articular joint disease. It may have a crucial function in slowing the process of degeneration in knee OA and reflecting the disease’s radiographic and clinical severity.
Isolated Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a Child
Authors: Satapathy Amit Kumar , Padhi Somanath , Gulla Krishna Mohan , Mahapatro Samarendra , Das Rashmi Ranjan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A 4-year-old boy presented with a history of chronic cough for the past 1 year that was progressing for the last 2 weeks. History of intermittent fever with breathlessness was there. The child had received antibiotics, nebulization, and oral steroids, but was never prescribed inhaled steroids, as no wheeze was documented. As the X-ray chest was not showing any significant findings, a computerized tomography chest was done that showed septal thickening, and reticulonodular pattern bilaterally without bronchiectasis or mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Bronchoscopy was done and the lavage fluid found CD1a and S-100-positive cells suggestive of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis. There was no other organ involvement.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Stunting Syndrome in Children in Developing Countries: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Sahoo Prasanna Kumar , Swain Arakhita , Mishra Bishwajit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Stunting in children is recognized as the best overall indicator of children’s well-being. It is also the most prevalent form of malnutrition in children and accurately reflects the inequalities prevalent in the society. According to the 2019 World Bank report, the prevalence of stunted children in India is 38%, the second highest in Southeast Asia. On a priority basis, a target has been fixed to reduce the burden of stunting by 40% by 2025. Stunting may be viewed as “stunting syndrome” in view of its multifactorial nature and several pathological changes demonstrating linear growth retardation in early childhood. Linear growth failure serves as an indicator of many associated pathological disorders such as enhanced morbidity and mortality, reduced cognitive and neurodevelopmental potential, reduced physical growth potential, and an increased risk of chronic and metabolic diseases in childhood. Practically, stunting is a cyclical process where women who were stunted in childhood tend to give birth to low birth weight babies who later become stunted creating an intergenerational cycle of difficult-to-interrupt poverty and reduced human capital. These severe irreversible physical and neurocognitive impairments associated with stunting are accepted as a major global health priority. Hence, the mechanism of linear growth faltering needs to be understood, and short-, medium-, and long-term consequences are to be identified and addressed early.
Self-compassion enhances ıntuitive eating patterns in middle-aged adults
Authors: Irmischer Krista , I. Cans Marina , Burke Jolanta , Sweeney Annette 
Published: June 2024

Over time, humans have experienced varied and shifting relationships with food in both negative and positive ways. Mostly negative results have emerged from restrictive diets, while approaches to food that include more self-trust indicated healthier impacts. The current study focused on the positive approach to eating and addressed a relationship between intuitive eating and dimensions of self-compassion and wellbeing. Data were collected using an online survey, which assessed demographics, BMI, self-compassion, intuitive eating, and wellbeing. A cohort of 234 participants, comprising both men and women, predominantly women aged 36-65, responded to the survey. Within this group, a subset of 148 participants provided supplementary information regarding their weight and height. Regression analysis showed that after controlling for wellbeing, 24% of the variance in intuitive eating was explained by self-compassion. Specifically, the self-compassion components that best predicted intuitive eating were reduced self-judgement and increased common humanity. No correlation was observed between self-compassion and BMI, age and gender. Contrary to previous research, a positive correlation between BMI and intuitive eating was observed. Further research is needed to study the relationship among IE, BMI, and dietary quality, along with investigating the connection between IE and varying physiological responses according to BMI status, age and gender. The results are discussed in the context of policy and practice.
La reduplicación quechua en el habla de comerciantes bilingües de la comunidad campesina de Seqqueraccay
Authors: Huerta Velasquez Stefany Ingrid 
Published: June 2024

La reduplicación es un fenómeno morfológico que se utiliza en diversas lenguas del mundo, basado en la flexión de una parte de la palabra que genera un nuevo significado en la nueva palabra; por ello, el objeto del estudio es describir la reduplicación de una serie de vocablos en el habla quechua de las comerciantes bilingües de la comunidad campesina de Seqqueracay, las mismas que son quechua hablantes nativas, pero por su actividad se ven obligadas a utilizar principalmente el castellano. La metodología correspondió al enfoque cualitativo, el diseño fue de tipo descriptivo y la técnica consistió en registro de corpus verbales en los cuales se identificaron las reduplicaciones léxicas. Estos resultados demostraron que los hablantes reduplican los vocablos fundamentalmente en tres casos concretos: reduplicación para la transformación de sustantivos comunes en colectivos, adjetivos calificativos en superlativos y caracterización de sustantivos.