bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Consensus Forecast for Tropical Cyclone Gale Wind Radii
Authors: Sampson Charles R. , Knaff John A. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The National Hurricane Center (NHC) has been forecasting gale force wind radii for many years, and more recently (starting in 2004) began routine postanalysis or “best tracking” of the maximum radial extent of gale [34 knots (kt; 1 kt = 0.514 m s−1)] force winds in compass quadrants surrounding the tropical cyclone (wind radii). At approximately the same time, a statistical wind radii forecast, based solely on climatology and persistence, was implemented so that wind radii forecasts could be evaluated for skill. If the best-track gale radii are used as ground truth (even accounting for random errors in the analyses), the skill of the NHC forecasts appears to be improving at 2- and 3-day lead times, suggesting that the guidance has also improved. In this paper several NWP models are evaluated for their skill, an equally weighted average or “consensus” of the model forecasts is constructed, and finally the consensus skill is evaluated. The results are similar to what is found with tropical cyclone track and intensity in that the consensus skill is comparable to or better than that of the individual models. Furthermore, the consensus skill is high enough to be of potential use as forecast guidance or as a proxy for official gale force wind radii forecasts at the longer lead times.
Promoting Oral Health in Rural India: The Case of Pepsodent
Authors: Bahal Shubhra , Sahay A. 
Published: June 2015

Toothpaste was not an accepted product in the rural market since people in rural areas preferred conventional method of cleaning their teeth such as neem twigs, salt, etc. Pepsodent was one amongst the most powerful brand of Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) that was promoted through 1500 dentists in the rural areas. They targeted the product to the male member of the family. HUL promoted the product (Pepsodent) very aggressively in the rural market by organizing free samples of Pepsodent to the prospective customers. It offered discount coupons to the customers in order to push sales. In order to sustain and survive in the rural market, the companies have to build a strong brand image in the rural market. Providing the value proposition is the key to success to sustain in the rural market. Sales promotion along with demonstration of the product helps in selling the product to the rural consumer. Having said this, HUL really has to pull hard in order to beat the No.1 player in the toothpaste category in the rural markets. The new strategies have to be formulated in order to increase consumer’s trust in the brand. Finally, how Pepsodent reaches the level of customer trust and generic branding has to be seen in times to come.
Ultra-large alignments using phylogeny-aware profiles
Authors: Nguyen Nam-phuong D. , Mirarab Siavash , Kumar Keerthana , Warnow Tandy 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMany biological questions, including the estimation of deep evolutionary histories and the detection of remote homology between protein sequences, rely upon multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees of large datasets. However, accurate large-scale multiple sequence alignment is very difficult, especially when the dataset contains fragmentary sequences. We present UPP, a multiple sequence alignment method that uses a new machine learning technique, the ensemble of hidden Markov models, which we propose here. UPP produces highly accurate alignments for both nucleotide and amino acid sequences, even on ultra-large datasets or datasets containing fragmentary sequences. UPP is available at https://github.com/smirarab/sepp.
Autoantigen microarrays reveal autoantibodies associated with proliferative nephritis and active disease in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Haddon D. James , Diep Vivian K. , Price Jordan V. , Limb Cindy , Utz Paul J. , Balboni Imelda 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) patients often initially present with more active and severe disease than adults, including a higher frequency of lupus nephritis. Specific autoantibodies, including anti-C1q, anti-DNA and anti-alpha-actinin, have been associated with kidney involvement in SLE, and DNA antibodies are capable of initiating early-stage lupus nephritis in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Over 100 different autoantibodies have been described in SLE patients, highlighting the need for comprehensive autoantibody profiling. Knowledge of the antibodies associated with pSLE and proliferative nephritis will increase the understanding of SLE pathogenesis, and may aid in monitoring patients for renal flare.

Methods
We used autoantigen microarrays composed of 140 recombinant or purified antigens to compare the serum autoantibody profiles of new-onset pSLE patients (n = 45) to healthy controls (n = 17). We also compared pSLE patients with biopsy-confirmed class III or IV proliferative nephritis (n = 23) and without significant renal involvement (n = 18). We performed ELISA with selected autoantigens to validate the microarray findings. We created a multiple logistic regression model, based on the ELISA and clinical information, to predict whether a patient had proliferative nephritis, and used a validation cohort (n = 23) and longitudinal samples (88 patient visits) to test its accuracy.

Results
Fifty autoantibodies were at significantly higher levels in the sera of pSLE patients compared to healthy controls, including anti-B cell-activating factor (BAFF). High levels of anti-BAFF were associated with active disease. Thirteen serum autoantibodies were present at significantly higher levels in pSLE patients with proliferative nephritis than those without, and we confirmed five autoantigens (dsDNA, C1q, collagens IV and X and aggrecan) by ELISA. Our model, based on ELISA measurements and clinical variables, correctly identified patients with proliferative nephritis with 91 % accuracy.

Conclusions
Autoantigen microarrays are an ideal platform for identifying autoantibodies associated with both pSLE and specific clinical manifestations of pSLE. Using multiple regression analysis to integrate autoantibody and clinical data permits accurate prediction of clinical manifestations with complex etiologies in pSLE.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Sharp geometrical properties of a-rarefied sets via fixed point index for the Schrödinger operator equations
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Ychussie Beatriz 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we use the theory of fixed point index for the Schrödinger operator equations to obtain a geometrical property of a-rarefied sets at infinity on cones. Meanwhile, we give an example to show that the reverse of this property is not true.
The first case of huge amebic intra-abdominal tumor with asymptomatic amebic colitis
Authors: Higami Shigeo , Nomura Eiji , Yamazaki Masashi , Morita Seiji , Noguchi Wataru , Uda Shuji , Hara Hitoshi , Yamamoto Soichiro , Hasegawa Sayuri , Tobita Kosuke , Tajiri Takuma , Mukai Masaya , Inokuchi Sadaki , Makuuchi Hiroyasu 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We report a rare case of huge amebic intra-abdominal tumor with asymptomatic amebic colitis. This appears to represent the first report of amebic intra-abdominal tumor. A 31-year-old woman presented to a local doctor with only a sensation of abdominal fullness. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a huge intra-abdominal tumor in the left abdominal cavity, and she was referred to our hospital. Colonofiberscopy for detailed examination showed multiple slight, discrete ulcers in the cecum. Ameboid trophozoites were identified from biopsy specimens, and asymptomatic amebic colitis was diagnosed. Oral metronidazole (MTZ) was administered at 1500 mg/day for 10 days. CT 14 days after starting MTZ showed no change in the intra-abdominal tumor, and resection of the tumor was therefore performed. Pathological examination revealed Entamoeba histolytica with engulfed erythrocytes complicated by hemorrhagic cyst. If an intra-abdominal tumor is present and colitis is observed, amebic intra-abdominal tumor should be considered among the differential diagnoses.
Blocking Effect for Carrier Transfer to Triiodide in Alkyl-Functionalized Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Omata Keita , Kuwahara Shota , Hosokawa Ryo , Nishimura Taisei , Shen Qing , Toyoda Taro , Katayama Kenji 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A blocking effect on the approach of electron acceptors into a dye/TiO2 electrode in a dye-sensitized solar cell was confirmed by the observation of charge dynamics at the interface when an alkyl-functionalized dye was used. It was found that the density of the adsorbed MK-2 on the TiO2 surface affected the ionic motion in an electrolyte at the interface, and that electron–electrolyte recombination was suppressed with a high density of adsorbed MK-2 molecules, causing prevention of the approach of the redox ions.
A Macrocyclic Phenanthroline–Copper Complex with Less Steric Hindrance: Synthesis, Structure, and Application to the Synthesis of a [2]Rotaxane
Authors: Saito Shinichi , Ohkubo Takanori , Yamazaki Yukari , Yokoyama Tatsuyuki , Mutoh Yuichiro , Yamasaki Ryu , Kasama Takeshi 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We synthesized a macrocyclic 2,9-dialkyl-1,10-phenanthroline–Cu complex (9) from 1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 9 existed as a dinuclear complex in solid state. In solution, however, the compound existed as a mononuclear complex. Compound 9 mediated the Glaser reaction of an alkyne with a bulky blocking group and the formation of a [2]rotaxane was observed. The reactivity of the 2,9-dialkyl-1,10-phenanthroline–Cu complex (9) was lower than that of a diaryl analogue.
Echocardiography in the evaluation of athletes
Authors: Grazioli Gonzalo , Sanz Maria , Montserrat Silvia , Vidal Bàrbara , Sitges Marta 
Published: June 2015

Echocardiography is currently a widely available imaging technique that can provide useful data in the field of sports cardiology particularly in two areas: pre-participation screening and analysis of the cardiac adaptation induced by exercise.The application of pre-participation screening and especially, the type and number of used diagnostic tests remains controversial. Echocardiography has shown though, higher sensitivity and specificity as compared to the ECG, following a protocol adapted to athletes focused on ruling out the causes of sudden death and the most common disorders in this population. It is still a subject of controversy the actual cost of adding it, but depending on the type of sport, echocardiography might be cost-effective if added in the first line of examination.Regarding the evaluation of cardiac adaptation to training in athletes, echocardiography has proved to be useful in the differential diagnosis of diseases that can cause sudden death, analysing both the left ventricle (hypertrophy cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, left ventricle non compaction) and the right ventricle (arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy).The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge and the clinical practical implications of it on the field of echocardiography when applied in sport cardiology areas.
Use of a human acellular dermal wound matrix in patients with complex wounds and comorbidities
Authors: Williams M.L. , Holewinski J.E. 
Published: June 2015

Objective: Rising prevalence of obesity and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus has resulted in an increasing number of patients with multiple comorbidities who require treatment for chronic complex wounds. Because patients with diabetes and foot ulcers may have a higher risk for amputations, techniques that facilitate complex wound healing and prevent limb amputation are desirable. Here, we investigate a limb preservation strategy that includes application of a human acellular dermal wound matrix (HADWM). Method: Medical history, physical examination and full wound assessment were completed for all patients. Systemic antibiotics and appropriate offloading were prescribed as needed. Wounds were debrided to create a bleeding bone and/or wound base for HADWM (Graftjacket regenerative tissue matrix, Wright Medical Technology, Inc., licensed by KCI, an Acelity company, San Antonio, TX). Healing progress was monitored over four weeks with weekly postoperative visits. ‘Healed’ was defined as full epithelialisation without drainage. Results: Lower extremity ulcers, 16 in 13 patients, were treated with HADWM between May 2004 and July 2013. The median patient age was 76 years (range: 38–90). The average number of comorbidities was three per patient, while 6 (46%) patients had ≥4 comorbidities. Diabetes mellitus (92%) and peripheral vascular disease (77%) were the two most common. All 16 (100%) wounds healed without complications. There were no recurrences in the 11 wounds of the nine patients available for follow-up. Of these patients two had previously advised to receive major leg amputations retained functional limbs. Conclusion: The results in this small study reflect our practice's 10-year experience using HADWM as part of a limb preservation strategy.
Using transparent polyurethane film and hydrocolloid dressings to prevent pressure ulcers
Authors: Dutra R.A.A. , Salomé G.M. , Alves J.R. , Pereira V.O.S. , Miranda F.D. , Vallim V.B. , de Brito M.J.A. , Ferreira L.M. 
Published: June 2015

Objective: To compare the performance and effectiveness of a hydrocolloid dressing (HD) and a transparent polyurethane film (PF) in preventing pressure ulcer (PU) development. Method: The study was conducted in the intensive care unit, coronary care unit and medical clinic of the Holy House of Mercy of Passos, Brazil. Data were collected 48 hours after admission and during hospitalisation. The Braden scale was used for PU risk assessment. Consecutive eligible patients without PUs were randomly assigned by lottery to the two groups, either the HD or PF group. Results: Of the 160 eligible patients, significant between-group differences were found in the mean total number of dressing changes (HD, 6.09 ± 1.655 changes; PF, 5.59 ± 2.036 changes; p=0.010), and mean number of dressing changes in the sacral region (HD, 2.50 ± 0.871; PF, 2.05 ± 0.825; p=0.001), with the PF group requiring significantly fewer changes than the HD group. The most common reasons for changing dressings in both groups were moisture (PF 51.1%; HD 47.9%) and shear (HD 43%; PF 38.9%), with a significant difference in shear between groups. The incidence of PUs was significantly lower (p=0.038) in the PF group (8.7%) compared with that in the HD group (15%). Conclusion: The results suggest that the transparent polyurethane film had a better performance and was more effective than the hydrocolloid dressing in preventing PU development.
Non-operative management of fingertip injuries with an intravenous dressing
Authors: Ha N.B. , Chang A.C. , Sullivan J.S. , Leonello D.T. 
Published: June 2015

Objective: The optimal management of fingertip injuries is a much debated topic. Surgical and nonsurgical options, including treatment with dressings alone, have comparable results. IV3000 is a semi-occlusive dressing with a high reactive moisture vapour transmission rate (MVTR) compared to its alternatives. As the fingertip is crucial to hand function, determining the optimal dressing to treat these injuries is of clinical importance. The aim of this study is to collect preliminary data on the IV dressing when used to treat fingertip injuries. Method: Patients were recruited from the department of orthopaedic surgery outpatient clinic. Inclusion criteria were a fingertip injury with skin loss and emergency department treatment consistent with the study protocol, including washing the fingertip, simple debridement as required, administration of antibiotics, tetanus prophylaxis, and fingertip dressed with the IV dressing. Results: Fingertip injuries (15) from 13 male patients were identified. With the exception of one, all injuries were treated with the IV dressing and were included in the analysis. The treatment outcome of 13 injuries was rated as ‘satisfactory’ by the patients, while one was rated ‘indifferent’. The latter was on one of two patients with injuries to two digits. No patient reported their outcome as ‘unsatisfactory’. At the 18–24 months’ follow-up, seven of the 14 affected digits had some degree of hypersensitivity, eight regained normal pulp thicknesses, one had thickened padding, and five had reduced pulp volume. All but one patient reported some degree of numbness. Nail involvement was seen in 11 injuries, all of which continued to have some degree of nail deformity. Conclusion: The IV dressing provides satisfactory outcomes when used to treat fingertip injuries. As the dressing possesses properties that suggest it would result in a superior healing environment compared to other semi-occlusive dressings, a prospective, randomised control trial should be conducted to determine whether these properties translate into superior outcomes when used to treat fingertip injuries.
Cell growth and migration under octenidine-antiseptic treatment
Authors: Jenull S. , Hojdar K. , Laggner H. , Velimirov B. , Zemann N. , Huettinger M. 
Published: June 2015

Objective: The toxicity of octenidine antiseptics in cultured cells contrasts their good tolerability in tissue. This phenomenon prompted us to examine which cell culture conditions allow survival and proliferation and to investigate a possible modulation of toxicity by the extracellular matrix proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate. Method: We tested fibroblasts and MCF7 cells for growth using the MTT test, and assessed wound healing potency with a laceration assay. Expression levels of the genes involved in controlling wound healing were assessed with RT-PCR. Results: A 24 hour exposure to the octenidine-based solution was found incompatible with cell growth. When octenidine solution (0.5–0.5mg/l) was coated on dishes, growth was profoundly reduced after 24 hours, however there was no cytotoxic effect at 0.012mg/l. Interestingly, when dishes were first coated with chondroitin sulfate the cytotoxicity of octenidine-based solution was modulated. Cell migration was not inhibited by octenidine-based solution treatment (2 minutes; 15mg/l). No significant changes in gene expression levels in response to the octenidine-based solution treatment were detected. Conclusion: In cell culture conditions application of the octenidine-based solution without toxicity can be observed, comparable to the minimal application required to give full bactericidal effect. Alteration of toxicity by interaction with chondroitin sulfate in cell culture suggests a similar function for extraceullar matrix in intact tissue.
The Art of Communication Through Drawing: The Case of "Mr. R," a Young Man Professing Misanthropy While Longing for Connection With Others
Authors: Murase Kayoko 
Published: June 2015

This case study reports the psychotherapy process of "Mr. R," who was 18 years old at the time when the therapy started. A total of 10 sessions were held in a period of six months. As the therapist, I was still at an early stage in my career, in the process of forming an integrative approach, which values an authentic and genuine therapeutic relationship with the client on the one hand, and the client’s adjustment to his living environment, on the other. Mr. R initially presented intense aggression and violence toward his family. He had been given a diagnosis of personality disorder, possible schizoaffective disorder, and atypical mental illness by different psychiatrists who had seen him. Because a past attempt with conventional talking therapy and pharmacological treatment did not produce positive results, I attempted to create a therapeutic relationship characterized by genuineness and authenticity, and I used Mr. R's drawings to help him express his emotions. The series of drawings that he created are presented in the article. These depict historical figures who parallel the therapeutic changes that occurred. Over the course of therapy, Mr. R's aggression was alleviated and he started relating to me not through hostility, but through his need for contact and respect. After termination, Mr. R's family members informed me that he had found peace with himself since therapy. I explain the reasoning behind my rather unconventional treatment decisions in terms of (a) contexts surrounding the practice of psychotherapy in Japan at that time; (b) the particular needs at that time of Mr. R, who had dropped out of all his previous treatment; and (c) other factors associated with Mr. R and his family.
Stability and Continuity of Functions of Least Gradient
Authors: Hakkarainen H. , Korte R. , Lahti P. , Shanmugalingam N. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this note we prove that on metric measure spaces, functions of least gradient, as well as local
minimizers of the area functional (after modification on a set of measure zero) are continuous everywhere
outside their jump sets. As a tool, we develop some stability properties of sequences of least gradient functions.
We also apply these tools to prove a maximum principle for functions of least gradient that arise as
solutions to a Dirichlet problem.
Particulate matter granulomas masquerading as sarcoidosis: a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Nair Nandini , Patrick Herbert , Narula Jagat 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multiorgan disease with no single etiology. Evidence over the years points to complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors and a hypersensitive immune response to these insults. This brief overview discusses the uncertainty in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis versus other granulomatous diseases masquerading as sarcoidosis. The diagnostic dilemma is highlighted by a brief case review. The development of newer techniques in molecular biology and the identification of a panel of biomarkers in the future with appreciable specificity and sensitivity would help in the process. Future studies to determine receiver operating curves (ROC) using multiple biomarker combinations would help develop robust testing. More in-depth studies are also needed for defining the immunological basis of sarcoidosis because recent studies implicate Th17 cells in addition to the Th1 cell pathway. It is very likely that direct exposure to environmental agents and systemic distribution of these agents can elicit an exaggerated immune response leading to multiorgan granuloma formation mimicking sarcoidosis. A genetically susceptible host may be necessary to complete the granulomatous response to the particulate matter.
An Optimal Adaptive Finite Element Method for an Obstacle Problem
Authors: Carstensen Carsten , Hu Jun 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This paper provides a refined a posteriori error control for
the obstacle problem with an affine obstacle which allows
for a proof of optimal complexity of an adaptive algorithm.
This is the first adaptive mesh-refining
finite element method known to be of optimal
complexity for some variational inequality.
The result holds for first-order conforming finite element methods in
any spacial dimension
based on shape-regular triangulation into simplices for an affine obstacle.
The key contribution is the discrete reliability of the a
posteriori error estimator from
[Numer. Math. 107 (2007), 455–471]
in an edge-oriented modification which circumvents the difficulties caused
by the non-existence of a positive second-order approximation
[Math. Comp. 71 (2002), 1405–1419].