bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robotic versus laparoscopic right colectomy for nonmetastatic pT4 colon cancer: A European multicentre propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: de'Angelis Nicola , Schena Carlo Alberto , Espin‐Basany Eloy , Piccoli Micaela , Alfieri Sergio , Aisoni Filippo , Coccolini Federico , Frontali Alice , Kraft Miquel , Lakkis Zaher , Le Roy Bertrand , Luzzi Andrea Pierre , Milone Marco , Pattacini Gianmaria Casoni , Pellino Gianluca , Petri Roberto , Piozzi Guglielmo Niccolò , Quero Giuseppe , Ris Frederic , Winter Des C. , Khan Jim ,   MERCY Study Collaborating Group Members
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimMinimally invasive surgery has been increasingly adopted for locally advanced colon cancer. However, evidence comparing robotic (RRC) versus laparoscopic right colectomy (LRC) for nonmetastatic pT4 cancers is lacking.MethodsThis was a multicentre propensity score‐matched (PSM) study of a cohort of consecutive patients with pT4 right colon cancer treated with RRC or LRC. The two surgical approaches were compared in terms of R0, number of lymph nodes harvested, intra‐ and postoperative complication rates, overall (OS), and disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsAmong a total of 200 patients, 39 RRC were compared with 78 PS‐matched LRC patients. The R0 rate was similar between RRC and LRC (92.3% vs. 96.2%, respectively; p = 0.399), as was the odds of retrieving 12 or more lymph nodes (97.4% vs. 96.2%; p = 1). No significant difference was noted for the mean operating time (192.9 min vs. 198.3 min; p = 0.750). However, RRC was associated with fewer conversions to laparotomy (5.1% vs. 20.5%; p = 0.032), less blood loss (36.9 vs. 95.2 mL; p < 0.0001), fewer postoperative complications (17.9% vs. 41%; p = 0.013), a shorter time to flatus (2 vs. 2.8 days; p = 0.009), and a shorter hospital stay (6.4 vs. 9.5 days; p < 0.0001) compared with LRC. These results were confirmed even when converted procedures were excluded from the analysis. The 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year OS (p = 0.757) and DFS (p = 0.321) did not significantly differ between RRC and LRC.ConclusionAdequate oncological outcomes are observed for RRC and LRC performed for pT4 right colon cancer. However, RRC is associated with lower conversion rates and improved short‐term postoperative outcomes.
When the Ends Justify the Mean: The Endpoint Leverage Effect in Distribution Perception
Authors: Ebert Jonas , Deutsch Roland 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrevious research described different cognitive processes on how individuals process distributional information. Based on these processes, the current research uncovered a novel phenomenon in distribution perception: the Endpoint Leverage Effect. Subjective endpoints influence distribution estimations not only locally around the endpoint but also influence estimations across the whole value range of the distribution. The influence is largest close to the respective endpoint and decreases in size toward the opposite end of the value range. Three experiments investigate this phenomenon: Experiment 1 provides correlational evidence for the Endpoint Leverage Effect after presenting participants with a numerical distribution. Experiment 2 demonstrates the Endpoint Leverage Effect by manipulating the subjective endpoints of a numerical distribution directly. Experiment 3 generalizes the phenomenon by investigating a general population sample and estimations regarding a real‐world income distribution. In addition, quantitative model analysis examines the cognitive processes underlying the effect. Overall, the novel Endpoint Leverage Effect is found in all three experiments, inspiring further research in a wide area of contexts.
A Hierarchical Bayesian Model of Adaptive Teaching
Authors: Chen Alicia M. , Palacci Andrew , Vélez Natalia , Hawkins Robert D. , Gershman Samuel J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHow do teachers learn about what learners already know? How do learners aid teachers by providing them with information about their background knowledge and what they find confusing? We formalize this collaborative reasoning process using a hierarchical Bayesian model of pedagogy. We then evaluate this model in two online behavioral experiments (N= 312 adults). In Experiment 1, we show that teachers select examples that account for learners' background knowledge, and adjust their examples based on learners' feedback. In Experiment 2, we show that learners strategically provide more feedback when teachers' examples deviate from their background knowledge. These findings provide a foundation for extending computational accounts of pedagogy to richer interactive settings.
The interactive walkway provides fit‐for‐purpose fall‐risk biomarkers in the elderly: Comparison of zolpidem and suvorexant
Authors: Koopmans Ingrid , Geerse Daphne , de Ridder Lara , Roerdink Melvyn , Juachon Maria Joanna , Muehlan Clemens , Dingemanse Jasper , van Gerven Joop , Groeneveld Geert Jan , Zuiker Rob 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDynamic balance assessments such as walking adaptability may yield a more realistic prediction of drug‐induced falls compared with postural stability measurements, as falls often result from limited gait adjustments when walking. The Interactive Walkway (IWW) measures walking adaptability but sensitivity to medication effects is unknown. If proven sensitive and specific, IWW could serve as a biomarker for targeted fall‐risk assessments in early clinical drug development. In this three‐way crossover study, 18 healthy elderly (age: 65–80 years) subjects received 5 mg zolpidem, 10 mg suvorexant, or placebo in the morning. Assessments were performed pre‐dose and approximately hourly until 9 h post‐dose. IWW assessments included an 8‐meter walking test, goal‐directed stepping, obstacle‐avoidance, and tandem‐walking. Other pharmacodynamic measurements were the Timed‐Up‐and‐Go (TUG) test at a comfortable and fast pace, adaptive tracking, and body sway. A decline in performance was observed for zolpidem compared with placebo for 3 h post‐dose in IWW walking adaptability outcome measures, TUG, adaptive tracking, and body sway. For the IWW tasks, a decrease in walking speed (among others) was observed. IWW parameters were not affected by suvorexant compared with placebo at any timepoint. However, an increase of 9.8% (95%CI: 1.8%, 18.5%) in body sway was observed for suvorexant compared with placebo up to 3 h post‐dose. The IWW successfully quantified drug effects of two hypnotic drugs and distinguished between zolpidem and suvorexant regarding their effects on walking. As a biomarker, the IWW demonstrated sensitivity in assessing dynamic balance and potential fall risk in early phase clinical drug development.
Kutane Metastasen: Von der Epidemiologie bis zur Therapie
Authors: Gschnell Martin , Volberg Christian , Hauser Christina , Krönig Lisa 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungKutane Metastasen treten bei bis zu 10% aller onkologischer Patienten auf, wobei diese abhängig von der Entität an verschiedenen Lokalisationen vorkommen können. Oftmals gehen Hautmetastasen mit einer großen psychischen Belastung einher und sind insbesondere bei Exulzeration für die betroffenen Personen mit Scham und sozialem Rückzug vergesellschaftet. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die entsprechenden diagnostischen und therapeutischen Optionen dargestellt. Hierbei wird auf die häufigsten Tumorentitäten, bei denen kutane Filiae beobachtet werden, eingegangen. Entsprechend des aktuellen Forschungsstandes werden lokale wie systemische Behandlungsoptionen präsentiert.
Real‐World‐Effektivität und Sicherheit der LAight‐Therapie bei Patienten mit Hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Strobel Alexandra , Schultheis Michael , Staubach Petra , Grabbe Stephan , Mann Caroline , Hennig Katharina , Szepietowski Jacek C , Matusiak Lukasz , Krajewski Piotr , von Stebut Esther , Garcovich Simone , Bayer Hans , Heise Marcus , Podda Maurizio , Kirschner Uwe , Nikolakis Georgios 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleHidradenitis suppurativa (HS)/Acne inversa (Ai) ist eine chronische, stark beeinträchtigende Erkrankung mit begrenzten Therapiemöglichkeiten. Die gerätebasierte LAight‐Therapie wurde 2017 in Europa zugelassen. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Auswirkungen einer Real‐World‐Versorgung mit der LAight‐Therapie auf die Krankheitsaktivität und ‐belastung von 3437 Patienten zu analysieren.Patienten und MethodikIn die Analyse wurden alle Patienten aufgenommen, die eine HS‐Diagnose und mindestens eine LAight‐Behandlung erhalten hatten. Die Endpunkte Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (IHS4), Schmerz auf der numerischen Ratingskala (pain‐NRS) und der Dermatologische‐Lebensqualitäts‐Index (DLQI) wurden mit Hilfe eines linearen gemischten Modells für wiederholte Messungen (MMRM) über 26 Wochen Versorgung mit der LAight‐Therapie analysiert. Darüber hinaus wurden die Responderraten für alle Endpunkte berechnet und das Sicherheitsprofil der Therapie sowie die Patientenzufriedenheit eingehend untersucht.ErgebnisseWährend der 26‐wöchigen Versorgung mit LAight wurde ein signifikanter Rückgang des IHS4, Schmerz‐NRS und DLQI erreicht. Der BMI hatbei Therapiestart hatte einen signifikant negativen Einfluss auf das Therapieansprechen hinsichtlich Schmerz‐NRS und DLQI.SchlussfolgerungenDiese Studie bestätigt, dass die LAight‐Therapie zu einer überzeugenden Krankheitskontrolle in allen Schweregraden führt und eine wertvolle Ergänzung des therapeutischen Repertoires bei HS darstellt.
Kombinationstherapie des Sneddon‐Syndroms zur Senkung der Inzidenz zerebrovaskulärer Komplikationen
Authors: Narwutsch Albert , Wohlrab Johannes , Sperfeld Anne‐D. , Sunderkötter Cord 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDas Sneddon‐Syndrom wird als okkludierende Vaskulopathie verstanden, die an der Haut durch eine generalisierte Livedo racemosa und im zentralen Nervensystem durch transitorische ischämische Attacken, Schlaganfälle und kognitive oder motorische Defizite klinisch evident wird. Zur Therapie werden Thrombozytenaggregationshemmer oder Antikoagulanzien empfohlen. Aufgrund der begrenzten therapeutischen Wirksamkeit und der daraus resultierenden schwerwiegenden Komplikationen schlagen wir eine Kombinationstherapie mit zusätzlichen Infusionszyklen von Alprostadil und Captopril vor und berichten über erste Langzeitergebnisse.Patienten und MethodikAlle Patienten unserer Klinik mit primärem Sneddon‐Syndrom unter Kombinationstherapie wurden im Zeitraum von 1995 bis 2020 in eine systematische retrospektive Analyse einbezogen. Die Auswertung des therapeutischen Outcomes erfolgte mittels deskriptiver Statistik im Vergleich zu historischen Kontrollgruppen, die eine Monotherapie erhalten hatten. Zudem haben wir die Ereignisrate von Komplikationen bei Unterbrechung der Kombinationstherapie analysiert.ErgebnisseWährend des Beobachtungszeitraums der Kombinationstherapie von 99,7 Patientenjahren ereignete sich keine transitorische ischämische Attacke und die Schlaganfallrate sank auf 0,02 pro Patientenjahr. Im Vergleich lagen bei den historischen Kontrollen die Raten von transitorischen ischämischen Attacken und Schlaganfällen zwischen 0,08 und 0,035 pro Patientenjahr. Nach Unterbrechung der Alprostadil‐Therapie traten bei drei Patientinnen acht Ereignisse auf.SchlussfolgerungenDie Kombinationstherapie reduziert langfristig die Inzidenz von ischämischen Ereignissen bei Patienten mit primärem Sneddon‐Syndrom.
Validierung des Deutschen Pruritusfragebogens zur systematischen Erfassung von chronischem Pruritus
Authors: Weisshaar Elke , Kupfer Jörg P. , Bentz Philipp , Staubach‐Renz Petra , Legat Franz , Kremer Andreas E. , Ständer Hartmut , Streit Markus , Darsow Ulf , Mettang Thomas , Ständer Sonja 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungHintergrundChronischer Pruritus ist ein klinisch heterogenes Symptom unterschiedlicher Dauer, Intensität oder Qualität. Bislang gibt es kein validiertes deutschsprachiges Instrument, das relevante Parameter systematisch erfragt. Mit Unterstützung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Pruritusforschung (AGP) wurde 2008 ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung von chronischem Pruritus (AGP‐Fragebogen) entwickelt. Das im Nachgang überarbeitete und nun Deutscher Pruritusfragebogen genannte Instrument erfasst pruritus‐spezifische Parameter wie Lokalisation, Verlauf, Intensität und Qualität, anamnestische Daten zum allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand, soziodemografische Daten, Lebensqualität und Art der Bewältigung. Es soll in der vorgelegten Studie validiert werden.Patienten und MethodikDer Fragebogen wurde bei 366 Patienten mit chronischem Pruritus unterschiedlicher Ätiologien aus Deutschland (Universitätskliniken Heidelberg, Münster, Mainz, Erlangen, Gießen, Praxis Bad Bentheim, TU München, Nierenzentrum Wiesbaden), Österreich (Universitätsklinik Graz) und der Schweiz (Kantonsspital Aarau) eingesetzt.ErgebnisseDie Zuverlässigkeit bei wiederholtem Ausfüllen (Retest‐Reliabilität) bezüglich Lokalisation, Erstauftreten und Begleiterkrankungen wies hohe Werte für Cohens Kappa auf (>0,8). Die Angaben zur Retest‐Reliabilität der Prurituscharakteristika zeigten deutlich geringere Werte (<0,7). Bezüglich der Messbarkeit praktisch relevanter Veränderungen (Veränderungssensitivität) konnten mittlere bis starke Effektgrößen festgestellt werden (0,09–0.19). Eine statistisch signifikante Differenzierung der Pruritusätiologien anhand der erfassten Parameter gelang nicht.SchlussfolgerungenDer Deutsche Pruritusfragebogen erlaubt eine umfassende und strukturierte Erfassung patienten‐ und kliniker‐berichteter relevanter Dimensionen des chronischen Pruritus unterschiedlicher Ätiologien. Eine weitere Anpassung und Fortentwicklung soll erfolgen.
Open government and US development co‐operation in Colombia: Lessons for locally led development
Authors: Fox Jonathan , Hallock Jeffrey 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMotivation“Localization”—direct donor support for national organizations in aid recipient countries—has become a top priority for international development. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) pledged to raise the proportion of direct funding to national organizations to 25% and for 50% of funding to involve “locally led” input. Independently, USAID commits to proactive disclosure of project information. This study analyses sectoral priorities, access to project data, and localization trends to inform policy discussion about how USAID can reach its twin localization goals, with a focus on Colombia, the largest US aid recipient in Latin America.PurposeAn open government perspective can shed light on whether and how development agencies are making progress towards localization. Moreover, user‐centred information disclosure by donors is necessary to inform locally led development. The goals of this study are to document USAID's sectoral funding priorities, gaps in data disclosure, implementation actions, and direct local funding percentages to make patterns more visible to stakeholders. We ask: What are the strengths and limitations of public disclosure of data concerning US aid in Colombia?Approach and methodsThis analysis uses open‐source data review methods to bring together different sources of publicly available data. These methods include triangulating government data disbursed across multiple sites, recoding government data to make trends visible, and identifying barriers to data access.FindingsPublic data indicate that US funding for peace‐related projects increased in the years following Colombia's 2016 Peace Accord, though the security share of total US aid remains high. Funding trends demonstrate that USAID is far behind its localization goals in Colombia, though absolute funding totals to local organizations are increasing. Finally, publicly available project data are not user‐centred, require technical acumen to access, and are fragmented across multiple sites.Policy implicationsUser‐centred disclosures are key to locally led development to ensure informed participation and accountability to stakeholders.
Left atrial strain parameters to predicting elevated left atrial pressure in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Xu Ying , Zhou Jia‐Wei , Su Bo , Sun Yun‐Juan , Zhou Jing , Liu Yang , Zhou Bing‐Yuan , Zou Cao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the ability of left atrial (LA) strain parameters to discriminate patients with elevated left atrial pressure (LAP) from patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods and resultsA total of 142 patients with non‐valvular AF who underwent first catheter ablation (CA) between November 2022 and November 2023 were enrolled in the study. Conventional and speckle‐tracking echocardiography (STE) were performed in all patients within 24 h before CA, and LAP was invasively measured during the ablation procedure. According to mean LAP, the study population was classified into two groups of normal LAP (LAP < 15 mmHg, n = 101) and elevated LAP (LAP ≥ 15 mmHg, n = 41). Compared with the normal LAP group, elevated LAP group showed significantly reduced LA reservoir strain (LASr) [9.14 (7.97–11.80) vs. 20 (13.59–26.96), p < .001], and increased LA filling index [9.60 (7.15–12.20) vs. 3.72 (2.17–5.82), p < .001], LA stiffness index [1.13 (.82–1.46) vs. .47 (.30–.70), p < .001]. LASr, LA filling index and LA stiffness index were independent predictors of elevated LAP after adjusted by the type of AF, EDT, E/e′, mitral E, and peak acceleration rate of mitral E velocity. The receiver‐operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed LA strain parameters (area under curve [AUC] .794–.819) could provide similar or greater diagnostic accuracy for elevated LAP, as compared to conventional echocardiographic parameters. Furthermore, the novel algorithms built by LASr, LA stiffness index, LA filling index, and left atrial emptying fraction (LAEF), was used to discriminate elevated LAP in AF with good accuracy (AUC .880, accuracy of 81.69%, sensitivity of 80.49%, and specificity of 82.18%), and much better than 2016 ASE/EACVI algorithms in AF.ConclusionIn patients with AF, LA strain parameters could be useful to predict elevated LAP and non‐inferior to conventional echocardiographic parameters. Besides, the novel algorithm built by LA strain parameters combined with conventional parameters would improve the diagnostic efficiency.
Assessment of echocardiographic interpretation of dual‐lumen cannula during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use for pediatric respiratory failure
Authors: Riley Alan F. , Rose Rachael , Denfield Susan , Thomas James A. , Vogel Adam M. , Coleman Ryan , Lam Fong Wilson 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeEchocardiography is considered essential during cannulation placement and manipulations. Literature evaluating transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) usage during pediatric VV‐ECMO is scant. The purpose of this study is to describe the use of echocardiography during VV‐ECMO at a large, quaternary children's hospital.MethodsA retrospective, single‐year cohort study was performed of pediatric patients on VV‐ECMO via dual‐lumen cannula at our institution from January 2019 through December 2019. For each echocardiogram, final cannula component (re‐infusion port (ReP), distal tip, proximal port and distal port) positions were evaluated by one echocardiographer. For TTEs with ReP in the right atrium, two echocardiographers independently evaluated ReP direction using 2‐point (Yes/No) and 4‐point scales, which were semi‐quantitative protocols using color Doppler images to estimate ReP jet direction to the tricuspid valve. Cohen's kappa or weighted kappa was used to measure interrater agreement.ResultsDuring study period, 11 patients (64% male) received VV‐ECMO with 49 TTEs and one transesophageal echocardiogram performed. The median patient age was 4.3 years [IQR: 1.1–11.5] and median VV‐ECMO run time of 192 h [90–349]. The median time between TTEs on VV‐ECMO was 34 h [8.3–65]. Most common position for the ReP was the right atrium (n = 33, 67%), and ReP location was not identified in five TTEs (10%). For ReP flow direction, echocardiographers agreed on 82% of TTEs using 2‐point evaluation. There was only moderate agreement between echocardiographers on the 2‐point and 4‐point assessments (k = .54, kw = .46 respectively).ConclusionsTTE is the predominant cardiac ultrasound modality used during VV‐ECMO for pediatric respiratory failure. Subjective evaluation of VV‐ECMO ReP jet direction in the right atrium is challenging, regardless of assessment method.
An international multicentre study of SwiTching from Intravenous to subcutaneous inflixiMab and vEdolizumab in inflammatory bowel diseases: The TIME study
Authors: D'Amico Ferdinando , Massimino Luca , Palmieri Giulia , Dal Buono Arianna , Gabbiadini Roberto , Caron Benedicte , Moreira Paula , Silva Isabel , Bosca‐Watts Maia , Innocenti Tommaso , Dragoni Gabriele , Bezzio Cristina , Zilli Alessandra , Furfaro Federica , Saibeni Simone , Chaparro María , García María José , Michalopoulos George , Viazis Nikos , Mantzaris Gerassimos J. , Ellul Pierre , Gisbert Javier P. , Magro Fernando , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent , Armuzzi Alessandro , Ungaro Federica , Danese Silvio , Fiorino Gionata , Allocca Mariangela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsSubcutaneous (SC) formulations of infliximab (IFX) and vedolizumab (VDZ) are approved for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of switching from intravenous (IV) to SC formulations of IFX and VDZ in IBDs.MethodsThis multicentre, retrospective study collected data of adult patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) switched to SC IFX or VDZ. The primary endpoint was clinical remission at 12 months stratified based on timing of switch. A composite endpoint consisting of therapy discontinuation, reverse‐switch, need for steroids, and drug optimization was evaluated. A multivariate analysis investigated the association between patients' characteristics and outcomes.ResultsTwo hundred and thirty‐one patients (59% UC, 53% male, mean age 44 ± 15 years, 68% IFX) from 13 centres were included. The switch occurred at Week 6 in a third of cases (36%). Median time to switch was 13 months. Most patients switched to SC IFX and VDZ were in clinical remission at 3 (87% and 77%), 6 (86% and 83%) and 12 (63% and 60%) months. In the multivariate analysis, there was no difference in clinical remission rate at 12 months; however, patients switched at Week 6 had a higher rate of experiencing any therapeutic changes at 3 (false discovery rate (FDR) = .002), 6 (FDR <1 × 10−10) or 12 months (FDR = .08). Clinical disease activity at baseline (only in UC) (FDR = .07) and previous exposure to biologics (FDR = .001) were risk factors for composite endpoint at 6 and 12 months.ConclusionSC IFX and VDZ are effective in daily clinical practice in IBD patients. Switching patients in remission reduces the risk of negative outcomes.