bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome for headache and pain-free nonresponders to treatment of the first attack: A pooled post-hoc analysis of four randomized trials of eletriptan 40 mg
Authors: Landy Steve H , Tepper Stewart J , Schweizer Edward , Almas Mary , Ramos Elodie 
Published: November 2013

Objective The objective of this article is to evaluate, in first attack eletriptan headache and pain-free nonresponders, the efficacy of treating a second and third attack with the same dose of eletriptan 40 mg (ELE-40). Methods Data were pooled from four randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple attack studies of eletriptan in the treatment of migraine. The first-attack eletriptan headache (HNR) and pain-free (PFNR) nonresponder samples consisted of patients who did not achieve headache or pain-free responses at two hours, or sustained headache or pain-free responses at 24 hours. The efficacy of the same dose of eletriptan (vs placebo; PBO) in treating the second and third attacks was evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results Among Attack 1 eletriptan HNRs, treatment with ELE-40 (vs PBO) was associated with significantly higher two-hour headache response and pain-free rates, respectively, on both Attack 2 (48.8% vs 20.2%; 17.0% vs 3.9%; p < 0.0001 for both comparisons) and Attack 3 (37.4% vs 15.5%; 18.8% vs 3.2%; p < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Significantly higher sustained headache response and pain-free rates at 24 hours were also observed on both Attack 2 and Attack 3. Conclusions The results of this pooled analysis suggest that patients who have HNR or PFNR to an initial dose of eletriptan may respond when a second and third attack is treated with the same dose.
Evacetrapib at a Supratherapeutic Steady State Concentration Does Not Prolong QT in a Thorough QT/QTc Study in Healthy Participants
Authors: Suico Jeffrey G. , Friedrich Stuart , Krueger Kathryn A. , Zhang Wei 
Published: November 2013

Purpose: To evaluate whether evacetrapib prolongs QT intervals in healthy participants. Methods: This was a single-center, randomized, active and placebo-controlled, 3-period, 6-sequence, and crossover study. Participants were randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences in which they received 1 of 3 treatments: evacetrapib 1200 mg daily for 10 days (supratherapeutic dose), moxifloxacin 400 mg for 1 day (positive control), or placebo for 10 days in each of the 3 separate treatment periods. Electrocardiographic parameters were recorded at time points specified in the protocol. The primary end point was the comparison of evacetrapib effect on the population-corrected QT interval (QTcP) to that of placebo at 7 time points following dosing on day 10. An upper limit of the 2-sided 90% confidence interval (CI) <10 milliseconds confirmed the absence of significant effect. Pharmacokinetic parameters were also calculated. Results: Subjects were predominantly male (73.2%) with a mean age of 43.1 years and a mean body mass index of 25.9 kg/m2. For the primary analysis, the upper bound of the 2-sided 90% CI for the mean difference between evacetrapib and placebo was <10 milliseconds at all time points on day 10. Following administration of moxifloxacin, the QTcP increased by ≥5 milliseconds at all time points (2, 3, and 4 hours postdose). Maximum plasma concentrations of evacetrapib occurred at a median time of approximately 2 hours, and the mean apparent elimination half-life was approximately 41 hours. The area under the curve and Cmax achieved in this study were both ∼5-fold the values that are expected with the dose level being studied in a phase 3 cardiovascular outcome study. A 1200-mg supratherapeutic dose of evacetrapib was considered to be well tolerated after 10 days of daily dosing in healthy participants. Conclusions: Evacetrapib is not associated with QT interval prolongation, even at supratherapeutic doses.
Pupillary response to sparse multifocal stimuli in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Ali EN , Maddess T , James AC , Voicu C , Lueck CJ 
Published: November 2013

Objectives: The objective of this paper is to investigate the pattern of abnormalities and establish the diagnostic power of multifocal objective pupil perimetry (mfPOP) in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: A prospective study enrolling 35 normal (47.9 ± 16.8 years, 22 females) and 85 MS subjects (49.8 ± 11.3 years, 62 females; 72 relapsing–remitting (RR), and 13 primary or secondary progressives (PorS)). EDSS scores for the RR and PorS groups were 3.53 ± 1.04 (mean ± SD), and 5.9 ± 1.43, respectively. mfPOP responses were obtained from 44 regions/visual field. Each region was analysed according to response time-to-peak and standardised amplitude (AmpStd). Predictive power was measured by percentage area under the receiver operator curve (%AUC). Results: mfPOP responses showed a significant reduction of 0.69 ± 0.04 dB (mean ± SE) in AmpStd and significantly delayed time-to-peak of 25.95 ± 0.89 ms (mean ± SE) in MS subjects compared to control subjects ( p<0.001). %AUC was greater for time-to-peak than AmpStd both for RR and PorS patients. Diagnostic power followed the EDSS scores but not a history of optic neuritis. Conclusions: mfPOP is well tolerated and potentially has a role in the diagnosis and assessment of patients with MS.
Complications following volar locking plate fixation for distal radial fractures: a systematic review
Authors: Bentohami A. , de Burlet K. , de Korte N. , van den Bekerom M. P. J. , Goslings J. C. , Schep N. W. L. 
Published: November 2013

The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the prevalence of complications following volar locking plate fixation of distal radial fractures. A computer-based search was carried out using EMBASE and PUBMED/MEDLINE. Only prospective comparative and prospective cohort studies that presented data concerning complications after treatment of distal radial fractures with a volar locking plate in human adults with a minimal follow-up of 6 months were included. Two quality assessment tools were used to assess the methodological quality of the studies (level of evidence rating according to the Oxford Centre of Evidence Based Medicine and the modified version of the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group’s former quality assessment tool). Thirty three studies were eligible for final assessment. Most complications were problems with nerve and tendon function as well as complex regional pain syndrome. With an overall complication rate of 16.5%, most of which were ‘minor’ complications and low rates of nonunion and malunion, volar locking plate fixation can be considered a reasonably safe treatment option for patients with distal radial fractures.
VEGFD regulates blood vascular development by modulating SOX18 activity
Authors: Duong Tam , Koltowska Katarzyna , Pichol-Thievend Cathy , Le Guen Ludovic , Fontaine Frank , Smith Kelly A. , Truong Vy , Skoczylas Renae , Stacker Steven A. , Achen Marc G. , Koopman Peter , Hogan Benjamin M. , Francois Mathias 
Published: November 2013

Key PointsHaploinsufficiency of Sox18 reveals an important role for VEGFD in regulating blood vascular development in vivo in vertebrates. VEGFD acts through mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase–extracellular signal-regulated kinase to modulate the activity and nuclear concentration of endothelial-specific transcription factor SOX18.
An enhanced International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI) for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the rituximab era
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Sehn Laurie H. , Rademaker Alfred W. , Gordon Leo I. , LaCasce Ann S. , Crosby-Thompson Allison , Vanderplas Ann , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Abel Gregory A. , Rodriguez Maria A. , Nademanee Auayporn , Kaminski Mark S. , Czuczman Myron S. , Millenson Michael , Niland Joyce , Gascoyne Randy D. , Connors Joseph M. , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Winter Jane N. 
Published: November 2013

Key Points
The clinically based NCCN-IPI is a robust prognostic tool for the rituximab era that better discriminates low- and high-risk DLBCL patients compared with the IPI. The NCCN-IPI outperforms the IPI by refined categorization of age and LDH, and the identification of disease involvement at specific extranodal sites.
Optimal bounds for the Neuman-Sándor mean in terms of the first Seiffert and quadratic means
Authors: Gong Wei-Ming , Shen Xu-Hui , Chu Yu-Ming 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we find the least value α and the greatest value β such that the double inequality

P
α

(
a
,
b
)

Q

1
−
α

(
a
,
b
)
<
M
(
a
,
b
)
<

P
β

(
a
,
b
)

Q

1
−
β

(
a
,
b
)

holds true for all

a
,
b
>
0

with

a
≠
b

, where

P
(
a
,
b
)

,

M
(
a
,
b
)

and

Q
(
a
,
b
)

are the first Seiffert, Neuman-Sándor and quadratic means of a and b, respectively.

MSC:26E60.
The Krüppel-like factor 2 and Krüppel-like factor 4 genes interact to maintain endothelial integrity in mouse embryonic vasculogenesis
Authors: Chiplunkar Aditi R , Curtis Benjamin C , Eades Gabriel L , Kane Megan S , Fox Sean J , Haar Jack L , Lloyd Joyce A 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Krüppel-like Factor 2 (KLF2) plays an important role in vessel maturation during embryonic development. In adult mice, KLF2 regulates expression of the tight junction protein occludin, which may allow KLF2 to maintain vascular integrity. Adult tamoxifen-inducible Krüppel-like Factor 4 (KLF4) knockout mice have thickened arterial intima following vascular injury. The role of KLF4, and the possible overlapping functions of KLF2 and KLF4, in the developing vasculature are not well-studied.

Results
Endothelial breaks are observed in a major vessel, the primary head vein (PHV), in KLF2-/-KLF4-/- embryos at E9.5. KLF2-/-KLF4-/- embryos die by E10.5, which is earlier than either single knockout. Gross hemorrhaging of multiple vessels may be the cause of death. E9.5 KLF2-/-KLF4+/- embryos do not exhibit gross hemorrhaging, but cross-sections display disruptions of the endothelial cell layer of the PHV, and these embryos generally also die by E10.5. Electron micrographs confirm that there are gaps in the PHV endothelial layer in E9.5 KLF2-/-KLF4-/- embryos, and show that the endothelial cells are abnormally bulbous compared to KLF2-/- and wild-type (WT). The amount of endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) mRNA, which encodes an endothelial regulator, is reduced by 10-fold in E9.5 KLF2-/-KLF4-/- compared to KLF2-/- and WT embryos. VEGFR2, an eNOS inducer, and occludin, a tight junction protein, gene expression are also reduced in E9.5 KLF2-/-KLF4-/- compared to KLF2-/- and WT embryos.

Conclusions
This study begins to define the roles of KLF2 and KLF4 in the embryonic development of blood vessels. It indicates that the two genes interact to maintain an intact endothelial layer. KLF2 and KLF4 positively regulate the eNOS, VEGFR2 and occludin genes. Down-regulation of these genes in KLF2-/-KLF4-/- embryos may result in the observed loss of vascular integrity.
The E3 ubiquitin ligases β-TrCP and FBXW7 cooperatively mediates GSK3-dependent Mcl-1 degradation induced by the Akt inhibitor API-1, resulting in apoptosis
Authors: Ren Hui , Koo Junghui , Guan Baoxiang , Yue Ping , Deng Xingming , Chen Mingwei , Khuri Fadlo R , Sun Shi-Yong 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
The novel Akt inhibitor, API-1, induces apoptosis through undefined mechanisms. The current study focuses on revealing the mechanisms by which API-1 induces apoptosis.

Results
API-1 rapidly and potently reduced the levels of Mcl-1 primarily in API-1-senstive lung cancer cell lines. Ectopic expression of Mcl-1 protected cells from induction of apoptosis by API-1. API-1 treatment decreased the half-life of Mcl-1, whereas inhibition of the proteasome with MG132 rescued Mcl-1 reduction induced by API-1. API-1 decreased Mcl-1 levels accompanied with a rapid increase in Mcl-1 phosphorylation (S159/T163). Moreover, inhibition of GSK3 inhibited Mcl-1 phosphorylation and reduction induced by API-1 and antagonized the effect of API-1 on induction of apoptosis. Knockdown of either FBXW7 or β-TrCP alone, both of which are E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in Mcl-1 degradation, only partially rescued Mcl-1 reduction induced by API-1. However, double knockdown of both E3 ubiquitin ligases enhanced the rescue of API-1-induced Mcl-1 reduction.

Conclusions
API-1 induces GSK3-dependent, β-TrCP- and FBXW7-mediated Mcl-1 degradation, resulting in induction of apoptosis.
Drug users in Hanoi, Vietnam: factors associated with membership in community-based drug user groups
Authors: Hayes-Larson Eleanor , Grau Lauretta E , Khoshnood Kaveh , Barbour Russell , Khuat Oanh Thi Hai , Heimer Robert 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
A syndemic conjoins injection drug use, incarceration, and HIV in Vietnam, where there is a need for programs that empower people who use drugs to minimize the harms thereby produced. Here we present a post-hoc evaluation of the organizing efforts of the Centre for Supporting Community Development Initiatives (SCDI) with two community-based drug user groups (CBGs) in Hanoi.

Methods
Members (n = 188) of the CBGs were compared to non-member peers (n = 184) on demographic, psychosocial, behavioral and knowledge variables using a face-to-face structured interview that focused on issues of quality of life and harm reduction. Bivariate analyses were conducted, and variables significantly associated with membership at p < 0.10 were included in a multivariate model.

Results
Variables associated with membership in the CBGs in the multivariate model included increased self-efficacy to get drug-related health care (OR 1.59, 1.24-2.04), increased quality of life in the psychological (OR 2.04, 1.07-3.93) and environmental (OR 2.54, 1.31-4.93) domains, and greater history of interactions with police about drugs (OR 3.15, 1.79-5.52). There was little difference between members and non-members on injection-related harms except in the domain of knowledge about opioid overdose. Among the 114 current injectors (30.6% of the sample), low rates of unsafe injection practices were reported, and low statistical power limited the ability to conclusively assess association with membership.

Conclusions
Although the CBG members displayed higher levels of well-being and access to healthcare than non-members, further longitudinal study is required to determine if these are a result of membership. The CBGs should pay more attention towards meeting challenges in responding to specific health issues of those who continue to use drugs including HIV, hepatitis, and drug overdose.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 expression in primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemistry study
Authors: Abourbih Samuel , Sircar Kanishka , Tanguay Simon , Kassouf Wassim , Aprikian Armen , Mansure Jose , Brimo Fadi 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
ALDH1 has been shown to be a cancer stem cell marker, and its expression correlates with prognosis in a number of malignancies. We aimed to evaluate the expression of ALDH1 in a cohort of primary and metastatic RCC specimens, and to correlate expression with pathological outcomes such as tumor stage and grade, and clinical outcomes such as progression free survival.

Methods
Three tissue microarrays were constructed from 244 RCC specimens, taken from 1985 to 2006. Samples were stained using an ALDH1 monoclonal antibody and expression was quantified by degree of staining. Membrane and cytoplasm staining were considered separately. A retrospective chart review enabled correlation with clinical outcomes.

Results
ALDH1 expression did not vary significantly based on tumor stage (P = 0.6274) or grade (P = 0.1666). ALDH1 showed significantly more membranous expression in clear cell RCC versus other subtypes (P < 0.0001), as well as in the primary setting compared to metastases (P = 0.0216). In terms of progression free survival, no significant differences were seen based on ALDH1 expression levels. In a subanalysis of clear cell tumors, ALDH1 membranous expression was decreased in tumors of higher stage (P = 0.0233).

Conclusions
ALDH1 may be useful in characterizing RCC tumors as clear cell subtype. However, unlike in other malignancies, ALDH1 may not be useful in prognosticating renal cancers. The clinical significance of decreased ALDH1 expression in the high stage and metastatic setting remains to be determined in further investigations.
CNT@TiO2 nanohybrids for high-performance anode of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wen Zhenhai , Ci Suqin , Mao Shun , Cui Shumao , He Zhen , Chen Junhong 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This work describes a potential anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), namely, anatase TiO2 nanoparticle-decorated carbon nanotubes (CNTs@TiO2). The electrochemical properties of CNTs@TiO2 were thoroughly investigated using various electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic cycling, and rate experiments. It was revealed that compared with pure TiO2 nanoparticles and CNTs alone, the CNT@TiO2 nanohybrids offered superior rate capability and achieved better cycling performance when used as anodes of LIBs. The CNT@TiO2 nanohybrids exhibited a cycling stability with high reversible capacity of about 190 mAh g-1 after 120 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g-1 and an excellent rate capability (up to 100 mAh g-1 at a current density of 1,000 mA g-1).
Dynamics of a class of neutral three neurons network with delay
Authors: Liu Ming , Zhang Chunrui , Xu Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this paper, a class of neutral neural networks with delays is investigated. The linear stability of the model is studied. It is found that a Hopf bifurcation also occurs when some delays pass through a sequence of critical values. The direction of the Hopf bifurcations and the stability of bifurcating periodic solutions are determined by using the normal form method and center manifold theory. The existence of a permanent oscillation is established using Chafee’s criterion. Numerical simulations are performed to support the analytical results.
On oscillation of second-order neutral dynamic equations
Authors: Ji Tao , Tang Shuhong , Thandapani Ethiraju 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Assuming

∫

t
0

∞

Δ
t

r

1
/
γ

(
t
)

<
∞
,

a new oscillation criterion for a half-linear second-order neutral dynamic equation

(
r
(
t
)

(

(
x
(
t
)
+
p
(
t
)
x
(
t
−
τ
)
)

Δ

)

γ

)

Δ

+
q
(
t
)
|
x
(
t
−
δ
)

|

γ
−
1

x
(
t
−
δ
)
=
0

is presented. An interesting example is provided to show that the delayed function

δ
(
t
)
=
t
−
δ

plays an important role in the oscillatory behavior.

MSC:34K11, 34N05, 39A10.
Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in trigeminal ganglion neurons contributes tongue-referred pain associated with tooth pulp inflammation
Authors: Ohara Kinuyo , Shimizu Kohei , Matsuura Shingo , Ogiso Bunnai , Omagari Daisuke , Asano Masatake , Tsuboi Yoshiyuki , Shinoda Masamichi , Iwata Koichi 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the mechanisms underlying tongue-referred pain associated with tooth pulp inflammation.

Method
Using mechanical and temperature stimulation following dental surgery, we have demonstrated that dental inflammation and hyperalgesia correlates with increased immunohistochemical staining of neurons for TLR4 and HSP70.

Results
Mechanical or heat hyperalgesia significantly enhanced in the ipsilateral tongue at 1 to 9 days after complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) application to the left lower molar tooth pulp compared with that of sham-treated or vehicle-applied rats. The number of fluorogold (FG)-labeled TLR4-immunoreactive (IR) cells was significantly larger in CFA-applied rats compared with sham-treated or vehicle-applied rats to the molar tooth. The number of heat shock protein (Hsp) 70-IR neurons in trigeminal ganglion (TG) was significantly increased on day 3 after CFA application compared with sham-treated or vehicle-applied rats to the molar tooth. About 9.2% of TG neurons were labeled with DiI applied to the molar tooth and FG injected into the tongue, and 15.4% of TG neurons were labeled with FG injected into the tongue and Alexa-labeled Hsp70-IR applied to the tooth. Three days after Hsp70 or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) application to the tooth in naive rats, mechanical or heat hyperalgesia was significantly enhanced compared with that of saline-applied rats. Following successive LPS-RS, an antagonist of TLR4, administration to the TG for 3 days, the enhanced mechanical or heat hyperalgesia was significantly reversed compared with that of saline-injected rats. Noxious mechanical responses of TG neurons innervating the tongue were significantly higher in CFA-applied rats compare with sham rats to the tooth. Hsp70 mRNA levels of the tooth pulp and TG were not different between CFA-applied rats and sham rats.

Conclusions
The present findings indicate that Hsp70 transported from the tooth pulp to TG neurons or expressed in TG neurons is released from TG neurons innervating inflamed tooth pulp, and is taken by TG neurons innervating the tongue, suggesting that the Hsp70-TLR4 signaling in TG plays a pivotal role in tongue-referred pain associated with tooth pulp inflammation.
Ethnobotanical assessment of plant resources of Banda Daud Shah, District Karak, Pakistan
Authors: Murad Waheed , Azizullah Azizullah , Adnan Muhammad , Tariq Akash , Khan Kalim Ullah , Waheed Saqib , Ahmad Ashfaq 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Background
The Indigenous knowledge of plants is scientifically and culturally very significant. This paper elucidates the empirical findings of an ethnobotanical survey of Banda Daud Shah, District Karak, Pakistan.

Methods
Data collection was carried out from October 2011 to September 2012. Total twelve survey trips were made, three in each season. About 100 respondents were interviewed; most of them were aged people between 60–70 years. Interviews were conducted using structured questionnaire composed of variety of questions regarding ethnomedicinal uses of plants of the study area. Direct matrix ranking (DMR), informant citations and market survey of multipurpose plants were also carried out.

Results
The local community was using 58 plant species belonging to 52 genera and 34 families for different purposes. A total of 25 plant species were herbs followed by 18 shrubs. Leaf (45%) was the most commonly used plant part followed by the whole plants (23%). In total, 40 plant species were medicinally used to treat variety of diseases, of which highest number of species being used for gastro-intestinal problems (19 spp.), expectorant (3 spp.) and antipyretic (3 spp.). Beside medicinal values, 25 species were used for fuel and 18 for fodder purposes. Informant consensus showed that gastrointestinal and respiratory infections were ranked highest (FIC = 0.75) among all ailments. According to DMR output, Dalbergia sisso ranked first due to high multipurpose uses among all species and was found most threatened with higher market value.

Conclusion
The investigated area is rural in nature and the inhabitants are highly dependent on the native plants for their health care needs and other requirements like fuel wood and fodder due to financial constraints and unavailability of resources. Medicinal plants for high ranked diseases may be phtyochemicaly and pharmacologically investigated to prove their efficacy. The local medicinal flora is facing overexploitation, overgrazing and improper way of collection. Proper conservation strategies such as controlled grazing, reforestation and rangeland management among many others may be adopted to promote the sustainable use of medicinal plants.