bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE IMPORTANCE OF INTER-TEMPORAL INTEGRATION IN NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: LEE YEOLAN , MACKENZIE WILLIAM I. , FONG ERIC A. , SHERMAN J. DANIEL 
Published: July 2015

According to the knowledge-based view (KBV), knowledge is a valuable resource that can lead to a competitive advantage. However, in industries where codified knowledge is used in developing successive iterations of products, codified knowledge has the potential to become obsolete over time and thus can also be an impediment to innovation. Using cycle-time (competitor comparison) as a performance measure, we find that inter-temporal integration — organisational practices designed to transfer tacit knowledge between former and current employees in successive new product development projects (NPDS) — enables a firm to effectively utilize codified knowledge to enhance product development cycle-time performance. Furthermore, using dysfunctional design change frequency as a performance measure, we find that inter-temporal integration has a negative relationship to this variable, but the relationship is stronger when knowledge codification is high. The results provide evidence of an important boundary condition to the benefit of codified knowledge in new product innovation.
The Local Universes Model
Authors: Lumsdaine Peter Lefanu , Warren Michael A. 
Published: July 2015

We present a new coherence theorem for comprehension categories, providing strict models of dependent type theory with all standard constructors, including dependent products, dependent sums, identity types, and other inductive types.

Precisely, we take as input a “weak model”: a comprehension category, equipped with structure corresponding to the desired logical constructions. We assume throughout that the base category is close to locally Cartesian closed: specifically, that products and certain exponentials exist. Beyond this, we require only that the logical structure should be
weakly stable
—a pure existence statement, not involving any specific choice of structure, weaker than standard categorical Beck--Chevalley conditions, and holding in the now standard homotopy-theoretic models of type theory.

Given such a comprehension category, we construct an equivalent split one whose logical structure is strictly stable under reindexing. This yields an interpretation of type theory with the chosen constructors.
The model is adapted from Voevodsky's use of universes for coherence, and at the level of fibrations is a classical construction of Giraud. It may be viewed in terms of local universes or delayed substitutions.
The Response of the South Asian Summer Monsoon to Temporal and Spatial Variations in Absorbing Aerosol Radiative Forcing
Authors: Lee Shao-Yi , Wang Chien 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Previous studies on the response of the South Asian summer monsoon to the direct radiative forcing caused by anthropogenic absorbing aerosols have emphasized the role of premonsoonal aerosol forcing. This study examines the roles of aerosol forcing in both pre- and postonset periods using the Community Earth System Model, version 1.0.4, with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4. Simulations were perturbed by model-derived radiative forcing applied (i) only during the premonsoonal period (May–June), (ii) only during the monsoonal period (July–August), and (iii) throughout both periods. Soil water storage is found to retain the effects of premonsoonal forcing into succeeding months, resulting in monsoonal central India drying. Monsoonal forcing is found to dry all of India through local responses. Large-scale responses, such as the meridional rotation of monsoon jet during June and its weakening during July–August, are significant only when aerosol forcing is present throughout both premonsoonal and monsoonal periods. Monsoon responses to premonsoonal forcing by the model-derived “realistic” distribution versus a uniform wide-area distribution were compared. Both simulations exhibit central India drying in June. June precipitation over northwestern India (increase) and southwestern India (decrease) is significantly changed under realistic but not under wide-area forcing. Finally, the same aerosol forcing is found to dry or moisten the July–August period following the warm or cool phase of the simulations’ ENSO-like internal variability. The selection of years used for analysis may affect the precipitation response obtained, but the overall effect seems to be an increase in rainfall variance over northwest and southwest India.
Intraseasonal versus Interannual Measures of Land–Atmosphere Coupling Strength in a Global Climate Model: GLACE-1 versus GLACE-CMIP5 Experiments in ACCESS1.3b
Authors: Lorenz Ruth , Pitman Andrew J. , Hirsch Annette L. , Srbinovsky Jhan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Land–atmosphere coupling can strongly affect climate and climate extremes. Estimates of land–atmosphere coupling vary considerably between climate models, between different measures used to define coupling, and between the present and the future. The Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator, version 1.3b (ACCESS1.3b), is used to derive and examine previously used measures of coupling strength. These include the GLACE-1 coupling measure derived on seasonal time scales; a similar measure defined using multiyear simulations; and four other measures of different complexity and data requirements, including measures that can be derived from standard model runs and observations. The ACCESS1.3b land–atmosphere coupling strength is comparable to other climate models. The coupling strength in the Southern Hemisphere summer is larger compared to the Northern Hemisphere summer and is dominated by a strong signal in the tropics and subtropics. The land–atmosphere coupling measures agree on the location of very strong land–atmosphere coupling but show differences in the spatial extent of these regions. However, the investigated measures show disagreement in weaker coupled regions, and some regions are only identified by a single measure as strongly coupled. In future projections the soil moisture trend is crucial in generating regions of strong land–atmosphere coupling, and the results suggest an expansion of coupling “hot spots.” It is concluded that great care needs to be taken in using different measures of coupling strength and shown that several measures that can be easily derived lead to inconsistent conclusions with more computationally expensive measures designed to measure coupling strength.
Water Mass Transformations Driven by Ekman Upwelling and Surface Warming in Subpolar Gyres
Authors: Bell Michael J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Sverdrup relationship when applied to the Southern Ocean suggests that some isopycnals that are deep in the eastern Pacific will shoal in the Atlantic. Cold waters surfacing in the South Atlantic at midlatitudes would be warmed by the atmosphere. The potential for water mass transformations in this region is studied by applying a three-layer planetary geostrophic model to a wide ocean basin driven by the Ekman upwelling typical of the Southern Ocean surface winds. The model uses a simple physically based parameterization of the entrainment of mass into the surface layer with zonally symmetric atmospheric surface fields to find steady-state subpolar gyre solutions. The solutions are found numerically by specifying suitable boundary conditions and integrating along characteristics. With reasonable parameter settings, transformations of more than 10 Sverdrups (Sv; 1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) of water between layers are obtained. The water mass transformations are sensitive to the strength of the wind stress curl and the width of the basin and relatively insensitive to the parameterization of the surface heat fluxes. On the western side of the basin where the cold waters are near the surface, there is a large region where there is a local balance between the Ekman pumping and the exchange of mass between layers. Simple formulas are derived for the water mass transformation rates in terms of the difference between the maximum and minimum northward Ekman transports integrated across the basin and the depths of the isopycnal layers on the eastern boundary. The relevance of the model to the Southern Ocean and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation is briefly discussed.
A Semi-Implicit Version of the MPAS-Atmosphere Dynamical Core
Authors: Sandbach Steven , Thuburn John , Vassilev Danail , Duda Michael G. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
An important question for atmospheric modeling is the viability of semi-implicit time integration schemes on massively parallel computing architectures. Semi-implicit schemes can provide increased stability and accuracy. However, they require the solution of an elliptic problem at each time step, creating concerns about their parallel efficiency and scalability. Here, a semi-implicit (SI) version of the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS) is developed and compared with the original model version, which uses a split Runge–Kutta (SRK3) time integration scheme. The SI scheme is based on a quasi-Newton iteration toward a Crank–Nicolson scheme. Each Newton iteration requires the solution of a Helmholtz problem; here, the Helmholtz problem is derived, and its solution using a geometric multigrid method is described. On two standard test cases, a midlatitude baroclinic wave and a small-planet nonhydrostatic gravity wave, the SI and SRK3 versions produce almost identical results. On the baroclinic wave test, the SI version can use somewhat larger time steps (about 60%) than the SRK3 version before losing stability. The SI version costs 10%–20% more per step than the SRK3 version, and the weak and strong scalability characteristics of the two versions are very similar for the processor configurations the authors have been able to test (up to 1920 processors). Because of the spatial discretization of the pressure gradient in the lowest model layer, the SI version becomes unstable in the presence of realistic orography. Some further work will be needed to demonstrate the viability of the SI scheme in this case.
Ectopic lymphoid neogenesis is strongly associated with activation of the IL-23 pathway in rheumatoid synovitis
Authors: Cañete Juan D. , Celis Raquel , Yeremenko Nataliya , Sanmartí Raimon , van Duivenvoorde Leonie , Ramírez Julio , Blijdorp Iris , García-Herrero Carmen M. , Pablos José L. , Baeten Dominique L. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Introduction
The functional relevance of synovial ectopic lymphoid neogenesis (ELN) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. As ELN correlates with the degree of tissue inflammation, we investigated whether ELN was associated with specific cytokine profiles.

Methods
Synovial ELN was determined by immunohistology and long CD21 isoform (CD21L) expression. Cytokine expression was determined by multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as immunohistology in synovial fluid (SF) (n = 44) and tissue (ST) (n = 108), respectively. Production of ELN-associated chemokines by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) was studied in vitro.

Results
Screening analysis of SF by multiplex ELISA showed higher protein levels of interleukin (IL)-23 (p = 0.018) and IL-17F (p = 0.028) in ELN+ versus ELN- samples. Other cytokines, including IL-17A, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were not different. The association between IL-23 and ELN was not biased by disease activity or other clinical features and was confirmed by higher IL-23 mRNA expression in ELN+ versus ELN- ST samples (p = 0.030), a correlation between IL-23 and CD21L expression in the same samples (r = 0.70 p < 0.0001), and a similar correlation in two independent ST sample sets (r = 0.778 p < 0.0001 and r = 0.817 p = 0.011). IL-23 p19 staining was neither restricted nor enhanced in close proximity of ectopic lymphoid follicles, and neither IL-23 nor IL-17A stimulation induced expression of the ELN-associated CC chemokine ligand, CCL21 and CXC chemokine ligand CXCL13, by FLS. Downstream of IL-23, CD21L expression was significantly associated with IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22, but not IL-17A in two independent ST sample sets.

Conclusions
Synovial ELN in RA is strongly associated with activation of the IL-23 pathway but not with IL-17A.
Allergy immunotherapy with a hypoallergenic recombinant birch pollen allergen rBet v 1‐FV in a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Klimek Ludger , Bachert Claus , Lukat Karl‐Friedrich , Pfaar Oliver , Meyer Hanns , Narkus Annemie 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundPollen extracts and chemically modified allergoids are used successfully in allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Recombinant extracts offer potential advantages with respect to pharmaceutical quality, standardization and dosing. A hypoallergenic recombinant folding variant of the major birch pollen allergen (rBet v 1‐FV) was compared with an established native birch preparation. A pre‐seasonal, randomized, actively controlled phase II study was performed in birch pollen allergic rhino‐conjunctivitis with or without asthma, GINA I/ II. 51 patients (24 rBet v 1‐FV, 27 native extract) started therapy with subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT). Primary end‐point was a combined symptom medication score (SMS), changes in nasal provocation test, visual rating score and specific antibody responses secondary end‐points.FindingsAfter one pre‐seasonal treatment course the combined SMS was 5.86 (median; IQR: 14.02) for the rBet v 1‐FV group versus 12.40 (median; IQR: 9.32) for the comparator during the three weeks pollen season (p = 0.330). After treatment in the second year, scores were 3.00 (median; IQR: 6.50) and 2.93 (4.86) respectively. Allergen tolerance in a nasal provocation test improved to a comparable extent in both groups. Significant increases in birch pollen‐specific IgG1 and IgG4 were observed in both treatment groups following the first treatment phase and remained significantly raised until the end of the study.ConclusionIn this first in man, proof of concept phase II trial no statistical difference between rBet v 1‐FV and an established natural pollen extract could be observed. rBet v 1‐FV could be administered in higher doses than the native protein with no increase in adverse effects.Trial registrationThe study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00266526).
RETRACTED ARTICLE: A note on the boundary behavior for a modified Green function in the upper-half space
Authors: Zhang Yulian , Piskarev Valery 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMotivated by (Xu et al. in Bound. Value Probl. 2013:262, 2013) and (Yang and Ren in Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Math. Sci. 124(2):175-178, 2014), in this paper we aim to construct a modified Green function in the upper-half space of the n-dimensional Euclidean space, which generalizes the boundary property of general Green potential.
Potash-lime-silica glass: protection from weathering
Authors: De Bardi Monica , Hutter Herbert , Schreiner Manfred , Bertoncello Renzo 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Potash-lime silica glass was used for window panels in Europe north of the Alps in the medieval era. The high potassium and low silica content of this glass influences its chemical stability. When exposed to atmospheric conditions as well as acidic aqueous solutions, this type of glass can become hazy, foggy and/or flake phenomena can occur, which modify the original appearance of the artworks can occur. For proper conservation it is therefore necessary to understand the mechanisms of corrosion allowing for the selection of better conditions and treatments to slow down or avoid degradation. In previous works the applicability and the protective effect of a sol–gel silica coating on potash-lime-silica glass was tested in aqueous acidic solutions. With this work the previous results are integrated, investigating the protective effect against weathering and accelerated ageing. SEM analyses were performed to monitor the surface of the glass after accelerated ageing, in particular to detect the presence of corrosion products; moreover, ToF–SIMS analysis was performed to visualize the ion distribution as a function of depth and the presence of any changes due to the weathering treatment. The analyses showed that the formation of weathering products on the surface was slowed down significantly compared to the areas of the sample that were not coated with sol–gel. Different results were obtained depending on the glass composition.
Theoretical Study on Conformational-Dependent Photochemical Behaviors of a Fluorene-Based Light-Driven Molecular Rotary Motor
Authors: Amatatsu Yoshiaki 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Photochemical behaviors which depend on the pentamethylene conformations of fluorene-based light-driven molecular rotary motor (denoted by M5-PCPF) have been examined by ab initio complete active space self-consistent-field calculations. In the conical intersection region where the ethylenic rotary axis is perpendicularly twisted, the stable geometries in S1 which are distinguished from each other by the pentamethylene conformations are separated by a low energy barrier. In consequence, conformational interchanges are allowed on the S1 surface in the conical intersection region. Two conical intersections (CIXs) are located in the region where the fluorene stator wags to the negative and positive directions against the ethylenic rotary axis, respectively. After electronic relaxation at CIX for a forward rotation, M5-PCPF with some conformations directly goes to P′-helical isomer, whereas M5-PCPF with other conformations is trapped in the M′-helical region and no longer reaches the P′-helical region thermally. The former types of conformers exhibit unidirectional rotation through the direct photochemical P–P′ and P′–P photochemical conversions, whereas the latter exhibit oscillatory photochemical behavior between P- and M′-helical (and P′- and M-helical) isomers. However, the conformation with oscillatory behavior can interchange into another conformation with unidirectional rotation in the conical intersection region. Therefore, M5-PCPF exhibits a net unidirectional rotation.
Exterior Decay of Wood–Plastic Composite Boards: Characterization and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Ibach Rebecca , Sun Grace , Gnatowski Marek , Glaeser Jessie , Leung Mathew , Haight John 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate free water content and distribution in wood–plastic composite (WPC) materials decayed during exterior exposure because moisture is an essential factor for the progression of the decay process. Two segments of the same board were selected from six commercial decking boards that showed signs of decay (from a total of 27 boards that were exposed near Hilo, Hawaii). The decay process was indicated by the presence of fungal fruiting bodies. One of the two board segments was exposed in sun, the other in shadow. Whole board segments were imaged using a clinical MRI unit, and then selected areas were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Samples were cut from the cross section of the board to determine material density as an indicator of the degree of decay advancement. The presence of free water detected by MRI was correlated to the mechanism of decay in the WPC board segments and to the water distribution measured in the boards. Both board segments showed a significant amount of decay, where SEM images showed the presence of fungal hyphae inside the boards, particularly the segment exposed in shadow. MRI showed that the expected pattern of free water distribution—a moisture gradient from greatest on the outside of the board to least inside—was not evident in the decayed board evaluated in this study. On the contrary, a reverse moisture gradient was observed in some areas where there appeared to be a relatively high concentration of free water in the center of the board. This could be explained by moisture transfer of fungal mycelia into the core of the board and the generation of water as decay fungi metabolize wood.
Communication technology and culture: Analysing selected cultural dimensions and human development indicators
Authors: Musambira George , Matusitz Jonathan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This article analyses two of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, individualism–­collectivism and masculinity–femininity, and selected indicators of the Human Development Report (HDR). Specifically analysed in the HDR are three communication technology indicators, cell phone subscription, Internet use and the number of telephone mainlines, as they can measure the wealth or development of a country. We contend that while Hofstede has examined cultural variations across 53 nations, there is a dearth of empirical studies examining the relationship between Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and communication technology. Results indicate a positive correlation between individualism and communication technology. Likewise, we found a positive correlation between individualism and human development. Conversely, no correlation was found between masculinity–femininity and communication technology, and no correlation was found between masculinity–femininity and human development.
Praxisreport: Verfahren zur Evaluierung der Archivierbarkeit von Webobjekten
Authors: Fritz Steffen 
Published: July 2015

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Report beschreibt die semiautomatische Evaluierung der Archivierbarkeit von komplexen Webseiten. Es wird die Verwendung von Standardtools sowie eigens entwickelter Programme beschrieben.
24 in 1 – Der Umzug der Campusbibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin
Authors: Lee Martin , Hilliger Kirsten , Gräff Andreas 
Published: July 2015

Zusammenfassung
Mehr als eine Million Bücher aus 24 Einzelbibliotheken wurden in die neue Campusbibliothek der Freien Universität transportiert und einheitlich nach der Regensburger Verbundklassifikation aufgestellt. Beteiligt waren Technische Abteilung, Fachpacker der beauftragten Speditionen, Bibliotheksmitarbeiterinnen und -mitarbeiter sowie studentische Hilfskräfte – insgesamt mehr als 100 Personen.
Effect of oil-seed pressing residue on bread colour and texture
Authors: Tarek-Tilistyák J. , Tarek M. , Juhász-Román M. , Jekő J. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Cold-pressing residue of walnut kernel (WKR) and brown linseed (BLR) was applied in wheat flour blends at 100:0, 95:5 and 90:10 ratios, of which enriched breads were baked, then stored for 3 days at ambient temperature. Colour parameters and firmness of bread crumb were measured daily. Bavarian rye-bread (BR) and wholemeal multigrain bread (WMMG) were used as competitive, marketable breads for comparing tests.
The studied oil-seed pressing residues (OSRs) resulted brown colour with different characteristics, depending both on the type of OSR and in comparison with marketed breads, too. The type and the ratio of OSR applied had no influence on the varying of crumb texture (P = 0.107). WKR and BLR enrichment provided stable texture for breads with a 3-day shelf-life, independently from their addition ratio. BLR resulted in softer crumb than WKR; however, this difference was considered to be negligible (P = 0.128). The WKR- and BLR-enriched breads stayed significantly softer at the end of storage time than the marketed breads (P = 0.000). Our results indicate that competitive bakery goods can be produced using oil-seed pressing residue/wheat flour blends.
How physical infusion system parameters cause clinically relevant dose deviations after setpoint changes
Authors: Timmerman Annemoon M. , Snijder Roland A. , Lucas Peter , Lagerweij Martine C. , Radermacher Joris H. , Konings Maurits K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMulti-infusion therapy, in which multiple pumps are connected to one access point, is frequently used in patient treatments. This practice is known to cause dosing errors following setpoint changes in the drug concentrations that actually enter the patients. Within the Metrology for Drug Delivery Project, we analyzed and quantified the two main physical phenomena leading to these errors: the “push-out” effect and the system mechanical compliance. We compared the dosing errors of a three-pump system with two infusion sets, both with and without anti-reflux valves, using