bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density-Dependent Impacts on Growth and Body Condition of Red Drum in Stock Enhancement Rearing Ponds
Authors: Anderson Joel D , Cason Paul D 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The quality of individuals released from fish culture facilities for stock enhancement can affect success in achieving management goals. However, the quality of released individuals is not always known, and neither are the various aspects of aquaculture that influence fish quality. Quality or body condition at multiple life stages may be influenced by density-dependent impacts on growth. Here, the influence of stocking density (number of larvae per cubic meter) at the beginning of pond culture and harvest density at the end of pond culture were assessed in relation to growth and body condition using data from 121 stock enhancement culture ponds for Red Drum Sciaenops ocellatus. While stocking density did not influence Red Drum growth rate, harvest density was a reliable predictor of growth; high density at harvest resulted in slow growth in weight (r2 = 0.33, P &lt; 0.001) and length (r2 = 0.26, P &lt; 0.001). No negative impacts on pond yield were observed in ponds stocked over the targeted stocking rate (988,000 larvae/ha), and mean body condition was consistent with what would be expected for individuals in wild populations. These findings suggest no observable negative biological effects of density dependence during the duration of pond culture on the quality of released Red Drum.
Lower Lethal Temperature for Arapaima Arapaima gigas: Potential Implications for Culture and Establishment in Florida
Authors: Lawson Larry L , Tuckett Quenton M , Lawson Katelyn M , Watson Craig A , Hill Jeffrey E 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Arapaima Arapaima gigas is a large, predatory, obligate air-breathing fish native to the Amazon River basin. Aquaculture producers have identified this species as a candidate for commercial culture in Florida. For this species, a preliminary risk assessment using the Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit indicated a medium to high risk of invasiveness to parts of central and southern Florida. However, data on lower lethal temperature were not available, which was a data gap identified by the risk assessment. Lower lethal temperature is an important physiological characteristic, limiting not only the culture of tropical fishes in subtropical Florida but also the potential for establishing nonnative populations. This study is the first known experimental test of low-temperature tolerance for Arapaima. Our findings suggest Arapaima will not survive temperatures at or below 16°C. When compared with established nonnative fishes in Florida, this species is extremely cold sensitive, similar to that of Butterfly Peacock Bass Cichla ocellaris. Although this could present challenges to producers, it might also mitigate some concerns of regulatory staff charged with managing aquatic invasive species.
Preserving positivity for rank-constrained matrices
Authors: Guillot Dominique , Khare Apoorva , Rajaratnam Bala 
Published: September 2015

Entrywise functions preserving the cone of positive semidefinite matrices have been studied by many authors, most notably by Schoenberg [Duke Math. J. 9, 1942] and Rudin [Duke Math. J. 26, 1959]. Following their work, it is well-known that entrywise functions preserving Loewner positivity in all dimensions are precisely the absolutely monotonic functions. However, there are strong theoretical and practical motivations to study functions preserving positivity in a fixed dimension

n
n

. Such characterizations for a fixed value of

n
n

are difficult to obtain, and in fact are only known in the

2
×
2

2 \times 2

case. In this paper, using a novel and intuitive approach, we study entrywise functions preserving positivity on distinguished submanifolds inside the cone obtained by imposing rank constraints. These rank constraints are prevalent in applications, and provide a natural way to relax the elusive original problem of preserving positivity in a fixed dimension. In our main result, we characterize entrywise functions mapping

n
×
n

n \times n

positive semidefinite matrices of rank at most

l
l

into positive semidefinite matrices of rank at most

k
k

for

1
≤
l
≤
n

1 \leq l \leq n

and

1
≤
k
>
n

1 \leq k > n

. We also demonstrate how an important necessary condition for preserving positivity by Horn and Loewner [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 136, 1969] can be significantly generalized by adding rank constraints. Finally, our techniques allow us to obtain an elementary proof of the classical characterization of functions preserving positivity in all dimensions obtained by Schoenberg and Rudin.
Confronting GRB prompt emission with a model for subphotospheric dissipation
Authors: Ahlgren Björn , Larsson Josefin , Nymark Tanja , Ryde Felix , Pe'er Asaf 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The origin of the prompt emission in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is still an unsolved problem and several different mechanisms have been suggested. Here, we fit Fermi GRB data with a photospheric emission model which includes dissipation of the jet kinetic energy below the photosphere. The resulting spectra are dominated by Comptonization and contain no significant contribution from synchrotron radiation. In order to fit to the data, we span a physically motivated part of the model's parameter space and create DREAM (Dissipation with Radiative Emission as A table Model), a table model for XSPEC. We show that this model can describe different kinds of GRB spectra, including GRB 090618, representing a typical Band function spectrum, and GRB 100724B, illustrating a double peaked spectrum, previously fitted with a Band+blackbody model, suggesting they originate from a similar scenario. We suggest that the main difference between these two types of bursts is the optical depth at the dissipation site.
Sexuality and Intellectual Disability
Authors: Wenger Jodi , Downes Alison , Blum Nathan , Augustyn Marilyn 
Published: September 2015

CASE: Amad is a wonderful 16-year-old young man from Syria who has recently relocated to the United States from his war-torn native country. In his last few years in Syria, he was primarily at home with his mother, and they sought refuge with a maternal aunt in the United States seeking asylum and treatment of Amad's disability.
At 8 years of age, he had intelligence testing in the United Arab Emirates, which showed a verbal intelligence score on the Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC) of 68 and a performance of 64. His working memory was 67 and his processing speed was 65. On arrival in the United States, his achievement was roughly at a third-grade level in Arabic. In the year and a half that he has been in the United States, he quickly improved his English skills, which he learned as a toddler. His father remains in Syria unable to safely immigrate and his mother is raising him alone in the United States with the help of her sister.
They come to you for an urgent care visit because Amad recently was accused of sexual harassment by two girls at his high school. He is in a substantially separate program but is included for lunch and technology. While in the computer laboratory, he repeatedly approached the girls and asks them to “date” him, and on 1 occasion sat behind 1 girl and repeatedly reached out to stroke her long blonde hair.
His mother is distraught because she recently found out that Amad also has a Facebook page and had been attempting to contact the same two girls on social media. The girls' parents recently threatened to file criminal harassment charges and Amad's mother comes to you asking for help with making Amad stop this activity. What would you do next?
Using cell line and patient samples to improve predictions of patient drug response
Authors: Zhao Cheng , Li Ying , Safikhani Zhaleh , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Goldenberg Anna 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundRecent advances in high-throughput technologies have facilitated the profiling of large panels of cancer cell lines with responses measured for thousands of drugs. The computational challenge is now to realize the potential of these data in predicting patients’ responses to these drugs in the clinic.MethodsWe address this issue by examining the spectrum of prediction models of patient response: models predicting directly from cell lines, those predicting directly from patients, and those trained on cell lines and patients at the same time. We tested 21 classification models on four drugs, that are bortezomib, erlotinib, docetaxel and epirubicin, for which clinical trial data were available.ResultsOur integrative models consistently outperform cell line-based predictors, indicating that there are limitations to the predictive potential ofin vitrodata alone. Furthermore, these integrative models achieve better predictive accuracy and require substantially fewer patients than would be the case if only patient data were available.ConclusionsThe integration ofin vitroandex vivogenomic data results in more accurate predictors using only a fraction of the patient information, which can help optimize the development of personalized predictors of therapy response. Altogether our results support the relevance of preclinical data for therapy prediction in clinical trials, enabling more efficient and cost-effective trial design.
Widespread shortening of 3’ untranslated regions and increased exon inclusion are evolutionarily conserved features of innate immune responses to infection
Authors: Pai Athma A. , Baharian Golshid , Sabourin Ariane Pagé , Brinkworth Jessica F. , Nédélec Yohann , Foley Joseph W. , Grenier Jean-Christophe , Siddle Katherine J. , Dumaine Anne , Yotova Vania , Johnson Zachary P. , Lanford Robert E. , Burge Christopher B. , Barreiro Luis B. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe contribution of pre-mRNA processing mechanisms to the regulation of immune responses remains poorly studied despite emerging examples of their role as regulators of immune defenses. Here, we used mRNA sequencing to quantify gene expression and isoform abundances in primary macrophages from 60 individuals, before and after infection with two live bacteria. In response to both bacteria we identified thousands of genes that significantly change isoform usage in response to infection, and found global shifts towards (i) the inclusion of cassette exons and (ii) shorter 3’ UTRs. Using complementary data collected in non-human primates, we show that these features are evolutionarily conserved among primates. Finally, our results suggest that the pervasive usage of shorter 3’ UTRs is a mechanism for particular genes to evade repression by immune-activated miRNAs. Collectively, our results show that dynamic changes in RNA processing play a key role in the regulation of innate immune responses.
Situational appropriation of information
Authors: Huvila Isto 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– In contrast to the interest of describing and managing the social processes of knowing, information science and information and knowledge management research have put less emphasis on discussing how particular information becomes usable and how it is used in different contexts and situations. The purpose of this paper is to address this major gap, and introduce and discuss the applicability of the notion of situational appropriation of information for shedding light on this particular process in the context of daily information work practices of professionals.Design/methodology/approach– The study is based on the analysis of 25 qualitative interviews of archives, library and museum professionals conducted in two Nordic countries.Findings– The study presents examples of how individuals appropriate different tangible and intangible assets as information on the basis of the situation in hand.Research limitations/implications– The study proposes a new conceptual tool for articulating and conducting research on the process how information becomes useful in the situation in hand.Practical implications– The situational appropriation of information perspective redefines the role of information management to incorporate a comprehensive awareness of the situations when information is useful and is being used. A better understanding how information becomes useful in diverse situations helps to discern the active role of contextual and situational effects and to exploit and take them into account as a part of the management of information and knowledge processes.Originality/value– In contrast to orthodoxies of information science and information and knowledge management research, the notion of situational appropriation of information represents an alternative approach to the conceptualisation of information utilisation. It helps to frame particular types of instances of information use that are not necessarily addressed within the objectivistic, information seeker or learning oriented paradigms of information and knowledge management.
A longitudinal, mixed method evaluation of self-awareness training in the workplace
Authors: Sutton Anna , Williams Helen M , Allinson Christopher W 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to investigate whether self-awareness, which is associated with general well-being and positive life outcomes, is also of specific benefit in the workplace. The authors tested the relationship between self-awareness and job-related well-being, and evaluated two different interventions designed to improve dispositional self-awareness at work.Design/methodology/approach– Full-time employees took part in these training interventions and completed questionnaires using a switching-replications design. Questionnaires measured dispositional self-attentiveness (reflection and rumination) and job well-being (satisfaction, enthusiasm and contentment) at three time points over a period of six weeks. Statistical analyses were complemented with qualitative analysis of reported impacts.Findings– Self-awareness was positively associated with job-related well-being and was improved by training. Employees reported gaining a greater appreciation of diversity, improved communication with colleagues and increased confidence.Research limitations/implications– Sample size limited the extent to which the relatively weak relationships between the concepts could be identified.Practical implications– Self-awareness is demonstrated to be of value at work, associated with higher well-being and improvements in several positive occupational outcomes. The self-awareness training is more likely to result in active work-based improvements than in reflective changes.Originality/value– Dispositional self-awareness is shown to be subject to change through training. The study demonstrates the value of self-awareness at work and identifies a range of related work outcomes.
Single-site housing first for chronically homeless people
Authors: Malone Daniel K. , Collins Susan E. , Clifasefi Seema L. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– Chronic homelessness is a serious public health issue that places a strain on health-care and criminal justice systems. Typical housing models place requirements on chronically homeless individuals that are often experienced as insurmountable barriers to housing. Housing First (HF) models attempt to more effectively reach this population, and an emerging version of this is the single-site HF approach introduced by Seattle’s DESC. Single-site HF entails the provision of immediate, permanent, low-barrier supportive housing to chronically homeless individuals within a single building. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this case report, the authors use DESC’s 1811 Eastlake, a well-known and well-researched application of the single-site HF approach, as an example to describe single-site HF, enumerate its underlying principles, and provide a strong evidence base for its replication.

Findings
– The paper provides information and insight into elements of a successful single-site HF program and what it looks like in practice.

Research limitations/implications
– 1811 Eastlake is one specific application of the single-site HF approach focused specifically on chronically homeless individuals with severe alcohol problems who are the highest utilizers of publicly funded services. Due to the specific nature of the population, the findings presented may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to continue evaluating the outcomes of single-site HF programs on alcohol use, mental health and quality of life outcomes for all populations receiving single-site HF.

Practical implications
– The accumulating research and clinical evidence have indicated that HF is key to engaging and housing chronically homeless individuals.

Social implications
– These ongoing efforts stand to decrease the burden of chronic homelessness for affected individuals, their families, communities and society-at-large.

Originality/value
– Many housing providers look to DESC’s 1811 as a model program. This paper fulfills an identified need to describe a successful model of single-site HF for purposes of replication.
Despite initial “kicking and screaming” unstably housed persons report high satisfaction with representative payee program
Authors: Davis Dana , Hawk Mary , McLaughlin Jamie , Brincko Terri , King Miranda , Farmartino Christina 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore unstably housed persons satisfaction with representative payee services.

Design/methodology/approach
– Surveys were distributed through two different methods, which consisted of mailings and dispersal by program staff members.

Findings
– Participants overwhelmingly reported that they were satisfied with representative payee services with 77 percent of the stand-alone housing participants and 86 percent of the scattered site participants reported being “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with representative payee services. Similarly, 92 percent of stand-alone participants and 82 percent of scattered site participants reported being satisfied with their abilities to care for their needs. The lowest reported satisfaction with the program was with the timeliness of getting spending checks, with 85 percent of participants being satisfied in the stand-alone location and only 63 percent of participants reporting satisfaction in the scattered site setting.

Research limitations/implications
– This research is limited by the fact that it is an evaluation of one program and does not have a comparison group. Additionally, clients self-selected to participate in the research and results are not generalizable. Future research should ascertain whether aspects of harm reduction and peer staff have an impact on client outcomes as well as representative payee satisfaction. The study was conducted in a metropolitan area in the Northeast USA, which includes the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and surrounding areas. Given that this region includes both city and suburban areas, it is likely the results are translatable to multiple geographic areas.

Practical implications
– Results of this research indicate that use of harm reduction and peer staff could be factors in client satisfaction with representative payee services thereby increasing the possibility that clients will sign up for this service and receive the benefits of the program.

Social implications
– Having a representative payee program imposed on clients whether voluntarily or involuntarily can be an extremely anxiety provoking experience. Increasing satisfaction with this service will lend to improved quality of life for clients as well as improved relationships with providers which may lead to more engagement in care.

Originality/value
– This paper provides a new perspective on representative payee programs since it shows positive satisfaction, as well as use of harm reduction and peer staff, which varies from previous studies.
Identifying the financial barriers to deliberative, affordable apartment development in Australia
Authors: Sharam Andrea , Bryant Lyndall Elaine , Alves Thomas 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify the financial barriers to the supply of affordable apartments in Australia and examine whether demand aggregation and “deliberative development” (self-build) can form a new affordable housing “structure of provision”.

Design/methodology/approach
– Market design, an offshoot of game theory, is used to analyse the existing apartment development model, with “deliberative development” proposed as an innovative alternative. Semi-structured interviews with residential development financiers are used to evaluate whether deliberative development could obtain the requisite development finance.

Findings
– This investigation into the financial barriers of a deliberative development model suggests that, while there are hurdles, these can be addressed if key risks in the exchange process can be mitigated. Hence, affordability can be enhanced by “deliberative development” replacing the existing speculative development model.

Research limitations/implications
– Market design is a new innovative theoretical approach to understand the supply of housing, offering practical solutions to affordable apartment supply in Australia.

Originality/value
– This research identifies financial barriers to the supply of affordable apartments; introduces theoretical understandings gained from market design as an innovative solution; and provides evidence that a new structure of building provision based on “deliberative development” could become a key means of achieving more affordable and better designed apartments.
Inequalities in addressing the HIV epidemic: the story of the Indonesian Ojek community
Authors: Fauk Nelsensius Klau , Mwanri Lillian 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify the potential socio-cultural determinants contributing to inequalities and the susceptibility of the Ojek to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.

Design/methodology/approach
– In 2010 a qualitative enquiry was employed to collect data concerning the susceptibility of the Ojek to HIV infection. Both one-on-one open-ended in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were employed. Participants included Ojek (hired motorcycle drivers), religious and community leaders, staff from the HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Commission of Belu and staff from two HIV/AIDS non-governmental organisations. A thematic analysis and a framework approach were used to analyse the data.

Findings
– The findings showed four socio-cultural determinants of susceptibility to HIV infection within the Ojek community. These included: first, mobility and migration; second, patterns of sexual behaviours, sexual networks and sexual incentives; third, cultural norms and social interactions; and fourth, the lack of resources, knowledge and awareness of HIV/AIDS. Underpinned by these factors, the main determinant of HIV susceptibility for the Ojek is an individual’s engagement in sexual intercourse with multiple sex partners, including female commercial sex workers (FCSWs).

Social implications
– There is a need to disseminate HIV/AIDS information and education throughout the Ojek communities, and to engage the general population in the promotion of sexual behavioural change among the Ojek in Belu. Empowerment strategies should also be employed to empower the general community, the Ojek and FCSWs in order to address HIV/AIDS transmission.

Originality/value
– This paper provides evidence of the socio-cultural determinants of HIV inequalities within the Ojek community in Indonesia. An understanding of these determinants would enable the planning, implementation and application of a holistic approach addressing the determinants of HIV in Belu and other similar settings. Additionally, knowledge of such determinants would provide an understanding of the role of inter-sectoral collaboration and community participation in tackling the susceptibility to HIV infection within the Ojek community.