bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐eclampsia and assisted reproductive technologies: consequences of advanced maternal age, interbirth intervals, new partner and smoking habits
Authors: Tandberg A , Klungsøyr K , Romundstad LB , Skjærven R 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveTo examine the risk of pre‐eclampsia (PE) in women conceiving after assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Potential confounding from maternal age, long intervals between births, new partner and smoking were evaluated.Design and settingPopulation‐based cohort study with data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway.PopulationA total of 501 766 mothers with offspring from 1988 to 2009.MethodsBirths to the same mother were linked in sibship data files with information of ART.Main outcome measuresOdds ratio (OR) (95% confidence intervals) of PE in pregnancies conceived by ART compared with spontaneous conception, stratified by parity.ResultsThe prevalence of PE was 5.1% in first, 2.2% in second and 2.1% in third pregnancies. Corresponding figures in ART pregnancies were 6.0%, 3.3% and 4.4%. Hence, the odds ratios of PE in ART pregnancies relative to spontaneous pregnancies increased from 1.2 (1.1–1.3) in first, 1.5 (1.3–1.8) in second to 2.1 (1.4–3.3) in third pregnancies. Adjusting by maternal age lowered the odds ratio to 1.3 (1.1–1.6) and 1.8 (1.2–2.8) in second and third pregnancies, respectively. Multi‐adjusted, birth interval had more impact than change of partner. Smoking was associated with a strongly reduced PE risk (odds ratio 0.65; 0.62–0.69), but there was no confounding by smoking on the ART associated risk.ConclusionsAssisted reproductive technologies increases the risk of PE, and the risk may increase by parity. The association between ART pregnancies and PE is to some extent explained by interbirth intervals and advanced maternal age, but not to change of partner or smoking.
Six new species of the subfamily Coleotinae (Araneae, Agelenidae) from Korea
Authors: Seo Bo Keun 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSix new agelenid species are described; Alloclubionoides gajiensis n. sp., A. geumensis n. sp., A. naejangensis n. sp., A. namhaensis n. sp., A. yangyangensis n. sp., and Coras seorakensis n. sp. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of these new species are provided.
Dynamic risk factors associated with non‐severe hypoglycemia in patients treated with insulin glargine or exenatide once weekly 与每日一次使用甘精胰岛素或者每周一次使用艾塞那肽治疗的患者出现非严重低血糖相关的动态危险因素
Authors: Paul Sanjoy K. , Maggs David , Klein Kerenaftali , Best Jennie H. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundGlycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes is a dynamic process, and changes in risk factors affecting the incidence of hypoglycemia are not well understood. This study explored the association of longitudinal interactive effects of clinical risk factors and concomitant medications on hypoglycemia risk in patients treated with insulin glargine (IG) or exenatide once weekly (EQW).MethodsPooled patient‐level 52‐week longitudinal data of treatment with EQW (n = 541) or IG (n = 223) from three controlled trials were analyzed.ResultsProportions of patients with at least one episode of hypoglycemia in the EQW and IG groups were 23% and 54%, respectively. Compared with patients with HbA1c ≥7% (53 mmol/mol) over time, patients with HbA1c <7% had significantly higher hypoglycemia risk in both groups (95% confidence intervals [CI] of odds ratios [OR]: EQW‐1.21, 2.81; IG‐ 6.26, 9.84). The patterns of interaction effect of changing body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c on hypoglycemia risk differed in the two treatment groups: patients with with BMI >35 kg/m2 had a 119% increased hypoglycemia risk in the EQW group, but a 57% reduced risk in the IG group. Sulfonylurea‐treated patients in the EQW and IG groups had 4.7‐ and 3‐fold additional hypoglycemia risk, respectively, versus non‐sulfonylurea‐treated patients.ConclusionThis study revealed differential effects of tight glycemic control and itsinteraction with treatment‐induced changes in BMI on hypoglycemia risk its interaction in patients treated with EQW and IG. The residual adverse effect of sulfonylurea was higher in EQW‐treated patients.
Large‐Sized Ankylosaur (Dinosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Western Liaoning, China
Authors: JI Shu‐an , ZHANG Lijun , ZHANG Shudong , ZHANG Lijun , HANG Shan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractTwo incomplete bones referred to ankylosaur scapulocoracoid and humerus are described, which were discovered from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Dachengzi Town, Kazuo County, Liaoning Province. Ankylosaur dinosaurs have ever been found in the Lower Cretaceous Yixian, Fuxin and Sunjiawan Formations of western Liaoning. The occurrence of ankylosaurs within Jiufotang Formation improves our knowledge on the ankylosaur stratigraphic distribution. Based on the length of scapulocoracoid, the new dinosaur is estimated to exceed 6.0 meters long, representing the largest ankylosaur in western Liaoning.
Zircon U‐Pb Ages of the Granodioritic Porphyry in the Laba Molybdenum Deposit, Yunnan, SW China and Its Geological Implication
Authors: YU Haijun , LI Wenchang , YIN Guanghou , LU Yingxiang , CAO Xiaomin , HUANG Dingzhu , DONG Tao , ZHANG Youming 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe Geza island‐arc is a well‐known mineralization concentration area, part of the Sanjiang Domain at the east margin of the Tibetan Plateau. In recent years, several Late Yanshanian granitic intrusions and associated deposits have been found in this region, the largest one of which in the Shangri‐La region is the Laba molybdenum deposit. Previous studies suggested that the timing of the Laba mineralization is 85 ± 2 Ma. However, the ages of the granodioritic porphyry remain unknown. In this study, LA‐ICP‐MS U‐Pb dating of zircons from three samples of the molybdenite‐bearing granodioritic porphyry has been conducted with resulting dates of 85.00 ± 0.23 Ma (MSWD = 0.58), 85.28 ± 0.28 Ma (MSWD = 1.12), and 84.83 ± 0.26 Ma (MSWD = 0.79), respectively, indicating that these granodioritic porphyries formed in the Late Yanshanian around ∼85 Ma. Combined with the geological features of the mineralization, the Laba deposit is spatially, temporally, and probably genetically associated with the granodioritic porphyries. In addition, the ages of the Laba deposits are consistent with the other Late Yanshanian intrusions and mineralization, suggesting that the mineralization was probably generated under an intra‐plate extensional environment during the Late Cretaceous.
Natural Gas Types, Distribution Controlling Factors, and Future Exploration in the Western Qaidam Basin
Authors: GUO Zeqing , SUN Ping , LI Jian , ZHANG Lin , LIU Weihong , TIAN Jixian , ZHANG Shaosheng , ZENG Xu 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe Paleogene and Neogene oil and gas in the western Qaidam basin have a regular distribution in three concentric zones from the edge to the center of the basin. Natural gas mainly occurs in the inner zone, and the gas‐oil ratio of the northern area of the basin is significantly higher than that of the southern area. Large amounts of carbon isotope data of natural gas, plotted in X‐shaped and comprehensive identification diagrams for the southern area and northern area, respectively, were used to identify the types of natural gas. The large‐scale distribution of natural gas is highly consistent with the Ro values of major source rocks, but is poorly correlated with the type of organic matter. This indicates that the main controlling factor of natural gas distribution is organic matter maturity, and the kerogen types act as the basis for the formation of different types of natural gas. Paleouplifts and squeezed anticlines near hydrocarbon generation depression centers, which are major natural gas‐rich regions, control the migration directions of natural gas, while hydrocarbon migration pathways and fault systems connecting gas sources are the most important factors for natural gas reservoir formation in the inner basin. Therefore, favorable zones for natural gas distribution can be predicted on the basis of the distribution of thermal evolution and the gas generation intensity of major source rocks as well as the structural map. The Shizigou‐Youshashan‐Yingdong‐Dawusi, Youquanzi –Kaitemilike – Youdunzi, and Xiaoliangshan – Nanyishan – Dafengshan structural belts are favorable zones for natural gas accumulation. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for future natural gas exploration.
Reconstruction Paleoclimate Dased on Sporopollen Record of Re'nacuo Lake, Tibet
Authors: LI Hanshi , WANG Genhou , YUAN Guoli , FANG Bin , LUO Tongwei , YANG Yongqiang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe sedimentary sequences since 33 ka B.P. to 10 ka B.P. have been established in the Re'nacuo‐Lake, Gaize area of north Tibet, through a study of a lacustrine section. The climate since 33 ka B.P. to 10 ka B.P. may be divided into two cycle include 5 dry phases and 5 moist phases from reconstructing the paleoclimate through a study of sporopollen analysis. It mainly reflects the general regularity of global climatic change through contrasting with the pale environment in northern hemisphere. Our pollen record reveals a regional climate history similar to those from the neighboring sites, including the GISP2, the Guliya ice core and core RM in Zoige, and thus supports the notion that the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau acts as an important link between climatic events in the North Atlantic realm and the Asian monsoon domain. The response of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau to the global climatic change is relatively sensitive.
Corpus callosal morphology in youth with bipolar depression
Authors: MacMaster Frank P , Langevin Lisa Marie , Jaworska Natalia , Kemp Anne , Sembo Mariko 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesRecent evidence has demonstrated that corpus callosum maturation follows a similar developmental timeline to cognitive processes. Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with disruptions in error processing, response inhibition, and motor functioning, which are mediated by underlying white matter structures, including the corpus callosum. Disruptions in white matter integrity have been demonstrated in BD. However, it is unknown whether alterations in the developmental trajectory of the corpus callosum may contribute to cognitive impairments in the disorder.MethodsWe assessed the area of the corpus callosum and its subregions (the genu, rostral body, anterior and posterior bodies, isthmus, and splenium) in 14 treatment‐naïve adolescents with BD (<21 years of age and in the depressed phase) and 18 healthy adolescent controls.ResultsIn comparison with healthy controls, participants with BD demonstrated a significantly reduced overall corpus callosum area. We also noted smaller areas in the anterior and posterior mid‐body of the corpus callosum in adolescents with BD.ConclusionsOur results suggest that commissural fibers of the corpus callosum are disrupted in early‐onset BD. Specific decreases in the anterior and posterior mid‐body callosal aspects may contribute to motor organization and inhibition deficits seen in BD. These findings are consistent with the involvement of inter‐hemispheric tracts in early‐onset BD, which may reflect an early deviation in white matter development.
Extended pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with prostate cancer previously treated with surgery for lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Fossati Nicola , Sjoberg Daniel D. , Capitanio Umberto , Gandaglia Giorgio , Larcher Alessandro , Nini Alessandro , Mirone Vincenzo , Vickers Andrew J , Montorsi Francesco , Briganti Alberto 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of previous prostate surgery performed for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) on the ability to predict lymph node invasion (LNI) in patients subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer, testing two widely used LNI predictive models.Patients and MethodsFrom 1990 to 2012, we collected data on 4734 patients with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy and extended pelvic LN dissection (ePLND). Of these, 4453 (94%) had no prior prostate surgery (‘naïve patients’), while 286 (6%) had previously undergone surgery for LUTS. Two LNI prediction models based on patients treated with ePLND were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic‐derived area under the curve (AUC), the calibration plot method, and decision‐curve analyses.ResultsThe rate of LNI was 12%, while the median number of LNs removed was 15 in both groups (P = 0.9). The two tested nomograms provided more accurate prediction in naïve patients than for those previously treated with prostate surgery for LUTS (AUC: 82% and 81% vs 68% and 71%, P = 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively). In naïve patients the surgeon would have missed one LNI for every 53 and 34 avoided ePLND using the Briganti and Godoy nomograms, respectively; in patients previously treated with surgery for LUTS, a LNI would have been missed in 13 and 21 patients not undergoing ePLND.ConclusionThe accuracy and the clinical net‐benefit of LNI prediction tools decrease significantly in patients with prior prostate surgery for LUTS. These models should be avoided in such patients, who should undergo routine ePLND.
Oncological outcomes of cryosurgery as primary treatment in T3 prostate cancer: experience of a single centre
Authors: Guo Zhi , Si Tongguo , Yang Xueling , Xu Yan 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the oncological outcomes and determine prognostic factors for overall survival (OS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and biochemical progression‐free survival (BPFS) after cryosurgery for clinical stage T3 prostate cancer.Patients and MethodsBetween 2002 and 2007, 75 patients with clinical stage T3 prostate cancer received cryosurgery as primary treatment in our institution. No adjuvant treatment was provided until biochemical failure. After biochemical failure, hormone therapy was administered. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to calculate the OS, CSS, and BPFS. Cox regression was used to identify factors predictive of survival.ResultsClinical stage T3a (cT3a) was detected in 60% (45/75) of patients and cT3b detected in 40% (30/75). The 5‐year OS, CSS, and BPFS rates were 85.3%, 92.0%, and 48%, respectively. There was a significant difference when comparing the pT3a with the pT3b group for 5‐year OS (88.9% vs 80%, P = 0.02) and BPFS (55.6% vs 36.7%, P = 0.01), but there was no difference in CSS (93.3% vs 90%, P = 0.63). Stage, Gleason score, and nadir prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) were associated with BPFS, while Gleason score and nadir PSA were the most significant predictors for CSS.ConclusionsCryosurgery can offer good 5‐year OS, CSS, and BPFS rates for cT3 prostate cancer, and there was no difference between T3a and T3b for CSS. Gleason score and nadir PSA were the most significant predictors of survival. Further clinical trials are warranted for evaluating the role of cryosurgery for cT3 prostate cancer.
The effects of diet-induced obesity on B cell function
Authors: Shaikh S R , Haas K M , Beck M A , Teague H 
Published: August 2014

SummaryB-1 and B-2 B cell subsets carry out a diverse array of functions that range broadly from responding to innate stimuli, antigen presentation, cytokine secretion and antibody production. In this review, we first cover the functional roles of the major murine B cell subsets. We then highlight emerging evidence, primarily in preclinical rodent studies, to show that select B cell subsets are a therapeutic target in obesity and its associated co-morbidities. High fat diets promote accumulation of select murine B cell phenotypes in visceral adipose tissue. As a consequence, B cells exacerbate inflammation and thereby insulin sensitivity through the production of autoantibodies and via cross-talk with select adipose resident macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+T cells. In contrast, interleukin (IL)-10-secreting regulatory B cells counteract the proinflammatory profile and improve glucose sensitivity. We subsequently review data from rodent studies that show pharmacological supplementation of obesogenic diets with long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators synthesized from endogenous n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids boost B cell activation and antibody production. This may have potential benefits for improving inflammation in addition to combating the increased risk of viral infection that is an associated complication of obesity and type II diabetes. Finally, we propose potential underlying mechanisms throughout the review by which B cell activity could be differentially regulated in response to high fat diets.
TROP‐2 expression in papillary thyroid cancer: a preliminary cyto‐histological study
Authors: Addati T. , Achille G. , Centrone M. , Petroni S. , Popescu O. , Russo S. , Grammatica L. , Simone G. 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveTROP‐2 (human trophoblast cell surface marker) is a gene‐related protein expressed in trophoblastic cells, which is also present in a variety of epithelial cancers and whose overexpression has been found to correlate with a poor prognosis. We analysed the possibility of using the expression of TROP‐2 to detect papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) on cytological and histological samples, and compared it with Hector Battifora mesothelial antigen‐1 (HBME‐1).MethodsFrom 127 patients, 127 fine needle aspirates (FNAs), in which HBME‐1 was detected by immunocytochemistry (ICC), were re‐classified according to the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TBSRTC): 20% were benign, 56% were atypical cells/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), 4% were follicular neoplasm/suspicious for a follicular neoplasm, 5% were suspicious for malignancy and 16% were malignant. Sufficient material to test for TROP‐2 was available in 64 FNAs, 22 of which had a histological control. Including six additional cases in which the FNAs were not available, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out with both markers on 94 cases.ResultsAmong 88 FNAs with histological control, the sensitivity of HBME‐1 to predict PTC was 87.5% (28/32) and the specificity was 86% (48/56), whereas, in 22 FNAs, TROP‐2 sensitivity was 100% (13/13) and specificity was 89% (8/9). In 94 histological specimens in which IHC was carried out with both markers, the sensitivity and specificity were 82% and 86%, respectively, for HBME‐1 and 87% and 89%, respectively, for TROP‐2. The difference between the markers was not significant. Concordance between IHC and ICC was 76% for HBME‐1 and 91% for TROP‐2.ConclusionTROP‐2 can be used as well as HBME‐1 in thyroid cytology to detect PTC. Positivity for either or both markers could help to stratify the risk of malignancy in indeterminate FNAs. Larger studies are need to analyse its role in the behaviour of PTC and its variants.
The Dream of Dignified Work: On Good and Bad Utopias
Authors: Dinerstein Ana Cecilia 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTTo what extent are recent labour upsurges defensive struggles? This essay uses the experience of the Argentinean Movement of Unemployed Workers (also called the Piquetero movement) as the empirical basis for discussing the contribution of unemployed workers to the current reshaping of the labour question. The author offers an alternative interpretation of the Piqueteros’ experience of resistance that emphasizes their critique and alternative visions, and the transformations and alternatives that the movement put forward at a time when ‘labour’ was said to be defeated. The struggles of the unemployed workers in Argentina during the 1990s should not be classified as a defensive struggle for inclusion in the labour market, or as a demand for social security (although these demands were significant in the Piqueteros’ agenda); rather they should be seen as advancing significant changes at identity/organizational, socioeconomic and political institutional levels. These changes deserve special attention in terms of their significance for the reshaping of the labour question in the twenty‐first century. The Piquetero utopia of dignified work does not rely on state policy such as Universal Income Support. Instead, the state and policy are mediations of the autonomous struggle for the prefigurations of a better society.
Individual differences in the shape bias in preschool children with specific language impairment and typical language development: theoretical and clinical implications
Authors: Collisson Beverly Anne , Grela Bernard , Spaulding Tammie , Rueckl Jay G. , Magnuson James S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe investigated whether preschool children with specific language impairment (SLI) exhibit the shape bias in word learning: the bias to generalize based on shape rather than size, color, or texture in an object naming context (‘This is a wek; find another wek’) but not in a non‐naming similarity classification context (‘See this? Which one goes with this one?’). Fifty‐four preschool children (16 with SLI, 16 children with typical language [TL] in an equated control group, and 22 additional children with TL included in individual differences analyses but not group comparisons) completed a battery of linguistic and cognitive assessments and two experiments. In Experiment 1, children made generalization choices in object naming and similarity classification contexts on separate days, from options similar to a target object in shape, color, or texture. On average, TL children exhibited the shape bias in an object naming context, but children with SLI did not. In Experiment 2, we tested whether the failure to exhibit the shape bias might be linked to ability to detect systematicities in the visual domain. Experiment 2 supported this hypothesis, in that children with SLI failed to learn simple paired visual associations that were readily learned by children with TL. Analyses of individual differences in the two studies revealed that visual paired‐associate learning predicted degree of shape bias in children with SLI and TL better than any other measure of nonverbal intelligence or standard assessments of language ability. We discuss theoretical and clinical implications.
Achieved competences in temporomandibular disorders/orofacial pain: a comparison between two dental schools in Europe
Authors: Alsafi Z. , Michelotti A. , Ohrbach R. , Nilner M. , List T. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAimsThe aim was to study achieved competences in temporomandibular disorders (TMD)/orofacial pain (OP) at two universities by comparing student's knowledge and understanding, satisfaction with their education and confidence in their clinical competences of TMD/OP.MethodsThe study was conducted in collaboration between Malmö University, Sweden—which uses problem‐based learning—and the University of Naples Federico II, Italy—which uses traditional educational methods. Final‐semester dental students responded to a self‐report questionnaire regarding their knowledge and understanding, interpretation of cases histories, clinical experience, satisfaction and confidence in clinical examination, management and treatment evaluation.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the students regarding knowledge and understanding. Eighty‐seven per cent of the Malmö students and 96% of the Naples students met the criterion on achieved competence. Malmö students had a higher per cent of correct diagnoses than Naples students in the interpretation of case histories. Overall, Malmö students reported most clinical experience and higher confidence than Naple students.ConclusionsThe main findings were that students from Malmö and Naples were, similar in knowledge and understanding of TMD/OP and in satisfaction with their clinical competences. However, Malmö students perceived more confidence in clinical management of patients with TMD/OP. This may reflect that, besides the theoretical part of the programme, a sufficient level of clinical exposure to patients with TMD/OP is essential to gain competences in TMD/OP.