bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reviews
Authors: Gage John , Vaughan William , Rogoff Irit Keynan , Joannides Paul 
Published: December 2013

Georgian Scene Painters and Scene Painting by Sybil Rosenfeld, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 220 pp., 79 ills, £29.50Théodore Rousseau 1812–1867, loan exhibition of Paintings, Drawings and Prints from English and Scottish collections, (Norwich, Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, University of East Anglia, and London, Hazlitt Gooden and Fox) by Nicholas Green, London, 1982, 68 pp., 82 ills, £5Preussen, vol. 1, Versuch einer Bilanz by Gottfried Korff and Winfried Ranke, 611 pp., 308 ills, vol. 2, Beiträge zu einer Politischen Kultur edited by Manfred Schlanke, 348 pp., 86 ills, vol. 3, Zur Sozialgeschichte eines Staates by Peter Brandt, Thomas Hofmann and Reiner Zilkenat, 357 pp., 77 ills, vol. 4, Dein Spree‐Athen edited by Helmut Kuhn, 270 pp., 76 ills, vol. 5, Preussen — im Film edited by Axel Marquardt and Heinz Rathsack, 287 pp., 32 ills, Berlin: Berliner Festspiel und Rowohlt Verlag, 1981, DM 45Berlin zwischen 1789 und 1848 — Facetten einer Epoche (Berlin, Akademie der Künste) by Werner Düttmann and others, Berlin, 1981, 486 pp., 307 ills, DM 48Die Brandenburgishe‐Preussische Kunstkammer (Berlin, Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz) edited by Josephine Hildebrand and Christian Theuerkauff, Berlin 1981, 232 pp., 157 ills, DM 27Le Musée Sentimental de Preusse (Berlin, The Berlin Museum) by Marie Plessen and Daniel Spoerri, Berlin: Berliner Festspiel and Frohlich and Kauffmann Verlag, 1981, 400 pp., 800 ills, DM 35Théophile Gautier, a Romantic Critic of the Visual Arts, by Robert Snell, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982, 288 pp., 12 ills, £15
BRITISH LANDSCAPES: VIEWS AND REACTIONS
Authors: Vaughan William 
Published: December 2013

Presences of Nature: British Landscape 1780–1830 (New Haven: Yale Center for British Art) by Louis Hawes, 1982, 214 pp., 174 ills, 15 colour pls, hardback £20, paperback £8.95Literary Landscape: Turner and Constable by Ronald Paulson, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1983, 274 pp., 83 ills. £15James Ward's Gordale Scar: An Essay in the Sublime (London: Tate Gallery) by Edward J. Nygren, 1982, 64 pp., 60 ills, £2.95Richard Wilson: The Landscape of Reaction (London: Tate Gallery) by David H. Solkin, 1982, 251 pp., 146 ills, 14 colour pls, £9.95Constable's England (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art) by Graham Reynolds, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1983, 184 pp., 18 ills, 65 colour pls, £12.95Constable: The Painter and his Landscape by Michael Rosenthal, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1983, 255 pp., 175 ills, 95 colour pls, £15.95John Linnell: A Centennial Exhibition (Cambridge: Fitzwilliam Museum, and Yale Center for British Art, New Haven) selected and catalogued by Katharine Crouan, 1982, 107 pp., 98 ills, 9 colour pls, hardback £18.50, paperback £5.95
STORIES ABOUT THE MEDICI
Authors: Hughes Anthony 
Published: December 2013

Florence and the Medici: the pattern of control by J.R. Hale, London: Thames & Hudson, 1983, paperback, £4.95La Chiesa di Santa Maria delle Carceri in Prato: contributo di Lorenzo de' Medici e Giuliano da Sangallo alla progettazione (Biblioteca dell' Archivio Storico Pratese 6) by Piero Morselli and Gino Corti, Florence: Edam, 1982, 186 pp., 72 pls, L. 28,000Patterns in Late Medici Art Patronage by Edward L. Goldberg, Princeton University Press, 1983, 425 pp., 41 ills, £43.40The Golden Age of Marie de' Medici by Susan Saward, Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1982, 317 pp., 100 ills, £37.75Theater Art of the Medici by Arthur R. Blumenthal, catalogue of an exhibition held at Dartmouth College Museum and Galleries, Hanover, New Hampshire and London, 1980, 224 pp., 98 ills, £17
CELEBRATING MORRIS
Authors: Thompson Paul 
Published: December 2013

The Journal of the William Morris Society, New York and London, vol. V. no. 3, Summer 1983William Morris: News from Nowhere and Selected Writings and Designs ed. Asa Briggs, Penguin, 1984, 320pp., 32 pp. ills, £2.50William Morris by Peter Stansky, Oxford University Press, 1983, 96 pp., cloth £7.95, paperback £1.95Morris and Company in Cambridge (Fitzwilliam Museum), Cambridge University Press, 1980, 127 pp., 81 ills, cloth £26, paperback £7.95The Ideal Book, Essays on the Arts of the Book by William Morris ed. William S. Peterson, University of California Press, 1983, 176 pp., 33 col. ills, £36William Morris Textiles by Linda Parry, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1983, 192 pp., 104 ills, 174 colour pls, £20The After‐Summer Seed ed. John Hollow, New York: The William Morris Society, 1982The Juvenilia of William Morris ed. Florence S. Boos, New York: The William Morris Society, 1983The Golden Chain: Essays on William Morris and Pre‐Raphaelitism ed. Carole G. Silver, New York: The William Morris Society, 1982William Morris Today, London: Institute of Contemporary Arts, 1984, 160 pp., 148 ills, 10 colour pls, £6.95
INTERPRETING TITIAN – A LEAP OF FAITH?
Authors: Boucher Bruce 
Published: December 2013

Titian: His World and his Legacy ed. David Rosand, Columbia University Press, New York, 1982, £35.50Painting in Cinquecento Venice: Titian, Veronese, Tintoretto by David Rosand, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1982, £30
TIMELESS PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Wood Ian 
Published: December 2013

Anglo‐Saxon Art, a New Perspective by C.R. Dodwell, Manchester University Press, 1982, 353 pp., 55 ills, 8 colour plates, £35The Architecture of the Anglo‐Saxons by Eric Fernie, London: Batsford, 1983, 192 pp., 100 ills, £20Studies in Medieval Sculpture (The Society of Antiquaries, Occasional Paper (new series) III) ed. F.H. Thompson, London: Thames & Hudson, 1983, 229 pp., 89 ills, £18Early Medieval Art in the British Museum and the British Library (3rd edition) by Ernst Kitzinger, London: British Museum Publications, 1983, 127 pp., 39 ills, 16 colour plates, £5.50
WHAT IS THE POST‐MODERN?
Authors: Dilnot Clive 
Published: December 2013

Postmodern Culture edited and introduced by Hal Foster, London: Pluto Press, 1985, 159 pp., 12 ills, £4.95The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge by Jean‐François Lyotard translated by Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi, foreword by Fredric Jameson, Manchester University Press, 1985, 103 pp., £7.50
THE TYRANNY OF THE CONCEPT OF ART IN THE MARXIST UNDERSTANDING OF AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE
Authors: Dilnot Clive 
Published: December 2013

The Philosophy of the Novel: Lukács, Marxism and the Dialectics of Form by J. M. Bernstein, Harvester Press, 1984, 286 pp., £22.50Marxist Aesthetics by Pauline Johnson, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1984, 168 pp., £11.95Marxism and Modernism by Eugene Limn, Verso Publications, 1985, 330 pp., £7.95Marx'S Lost Aesthetics: Karl Marx and the Visual Arts by Margaret Rose, Cambridge University Press, 1984, 216 pp., 71 ills, £22.50
WIMAGERY
Authors: Pointon Marcia 
Published: December 2013

Images of Victorian Womanhood in English Art by Susan B. Casteras, London and Toronto, Associated University Presses, 1988, 191 pp., 12 colour plates, 147 b. and w. illus., £32Myths of Sexuality. Representations of Women in Victorian Britain by Lynda Nead, Oxford and New York, Basil Blackwell, 1988, 228 pp., 50 b. and w. illus., £19.50
CHIAROSCURA OF PREJUDICE
Authors: Hennessy Alistair 
Published: December 2013

The Image of the Black in Western Art by Hugh Honour, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1989. Volume IV, From the American Revolution to World War I, Part 1, ‘Slaves and Liberators’, 378 pp., 196 col. plates, and b. & w. illus., £34.95; Part 2, ‘Black Models and White Myths’, 306 pp., 183 col. plates and b. & w. illus., £34.95The Art of Exclusion: Representing Blacks in the Nineteenth Century by Albert Boime, London: Thames and Hudson, 1990, 8 col. plates, 87 b. & w. illus., £15.95
STILL A LONG WAY TO GO: RECENT IRISH ART HISTORY
Authors: Cullen Fintan 
Published: December 2013

A Free Spirit. Irish Art 1860–1960 by Kenneth McConkey, Woodbridge, Suffolk: Antique Collectors' Club, 1990. 228 pp., 116 col. plates, 61 b. & w. illus., £29.50Irish Art and Modernism. 1880–1950 by S.B. Kennedy, Belfast: The Institute of Irish Studies at The Queen's University of Belfast, 1991, 412 pp., 100 col. plates, 120 b. & w. illus., £25Mirrors. William III and Mother Ireland by Belinda Loftus, Dundrum, Co. Down: Picture Press, 1990, 97 pp., 27 col. plates, 101 b. & w. illus., £9.95Three Hundred Years of Irish Watercolours and Drawings by Patricia Butler, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1990, 224 pp., 66 col. plates, 169 b. & w. illus., £30
MISSING THE POINT …
Authors: Smith Paul 
Published: December 2013

Seurat: le rê;ve de l'art—science by Françoise Cachin, Paris: Gallimard, 1991, 144 pp., 103 col. plates, 88 b. & w. illus., FFrs72Seurat by Robert L. Herbert, Françoise Cachin, Anne Distel and Gary Tinterow, Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux, 1991, 464 pp., 244 col. plates, 93 b. & w. illus., FFrs350; and New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, distributed by Harry N. Abrams Inc., £50.00Chahut by Jean‐Claude Lebensztejn, Paris: Hazan, 1989, 150 pp., 1 col. plate, 53 b. & w. illus., FFrsl80Seurat at Gravelines: the Last Landscapes by Ellen Wardell Lee, Indianapolis: Indianapolis Museum of Art in cooperation with Indiana University Press, 1990, 80 pp., 7 col. plates, 32 b. & w. illus., £18.50Seurat by Alain Madeleine‐Perdrillat, Paris and London: Skira, 1990, 215 pp., 106 col. plates, 106 b. & w. illus., £45.00Seurat: correspondances, témoinages, notes inédites, critiques edited by Hélène Syrès, Paris: Acropole, 1991, 331 pp., 14 b. & w. illus., FFrs120Les Mondes de Seurat by Michael Zimmermann, Amsterdam and Paris: Fonds Mercator/Albin Michel, 1991, 493 pp., 275 col. plates, 350 b. & w. illus., FFrs990
Reviews
Authors: Weston Helen , Jouve Nicole Ward , Wine Humphrey 
Published: December 2013

Angelica Kauffman. A Continental Artist in Georgian England edited by Wendy Wassyng Roworth, with essays by David Alexander, Malise Forbes Adam & Mary Mauchline, Angela Rosenthal, Wendy Wassyng Roworth, Brighton and London: Reaktion Books Ltd, 1992, 216 pp., 42 col. plates, 107 b. & w. illus., £9.95The Female Nude: Art, Obscenity and Sexuality by Lynda Nead, London and New York: Routledge, 1992, 133 pp., 40 b. & w. illus., £9.95Watteau's Painted Conversations: Art, Literature, and Talk in Seventeenth‐ and Eighteenth‐Century France by Mary Vidal, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1992, 236 pp., 53 col. plates, 132 b. & w. illus., £35.00
The Year of Lorenzo
Authors: Welch Evelyn 
Published: December 2013

The Medici in Florence. The exercise and language of power by Alison Brown, Florence and Perth: Leo S. Olschki editore and the University of Western Australia Press, 1992, 356 pp, 75,000 lire.The Portrayal of Love. Botticelli's Primavera and Humanist Culture at the Time of Lorenzo the Magnificent by Charles Dempsey, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992, 173 pp., 16 col. plates, 29 b. & w. illus., £35.00.Bertoldo di Giovanni. Sculptor of the Medici Household. Critical Reappraisal and Catalogue Raisonné by James David Draper, Columbia and London: University of Missouri Press, 1992, 305 pp., 138 b. & w. illus., £59.95.Lorenzo de' Medici. Studi edited by Gian Carlo Garfagnini, Florence: Leo S. Olschki editore, 1992, 354 pp., 70,000 lire.Lorenzo il Magnifico e il suo Tempo edited by Gian Carlo Garfagnini, Florence: Leo S. Olschki editore, 1992, 175 pp., 38,000 lire.Renaissance Florence. The Age of Lorenzo de' Medici, 1449—1492 edited by Cristina Acidini Luchinat, Milan: Edizioni Charta, 1993, 143 pp., 51 pp. with col. plates, 18 pp. of b. & w. figs, 50,000 lire.Comitato Nazionale per le celebrazioni del V centenario della morte di Lorenzo Magnifico:All' Ombra del Lauro. Documenti libran della cultura in età laurenziana, edited by Anna Lenzuni, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 1992, 189 pp., 56 col. plates, 40 b. & w. illus., 65,000 lire.Consortierie politiche e mutamenti istituzionali in età Laurenziana, edited by Maria Augusta Morelli Timpanaro, Rosalia Manno Tolu and Paolo Viti, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 251 pp., 61 col. plates, 83 b. & w. illus., 70,000 lire.Il Disegno Fiorentino del Tempo il Magnifico, edited by Annamaria Petrioli Tofani, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 1992, 311 pp., 187 col. plates, 75 b. & w. illus., 80,000 lire.Il Giardino di San Marco, Maestri e compagni del giovane Michelangelo, edited by Paola Barocchi, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 1992, 175 pp., 40 col. plates, 82 b. & w. illus., 65,000 lire.L'Architectura di Lorenzo il Magnifico, edited by Gabriele Morolli, Cristina Acidini Luchinat, Luciano Marchetti, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 1992, 311 pp., 41 col. plates, 170 pp. of b. & w. illus., 80,000 lire.La chiesa e la città a Firenze nel xv secolo, edited by Gianfranco Rolfi, Ludovica Sebregondi and Paolo Viti, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 1992, 237 pp., 81 col. plates, 105 b. & w. illus., 70,000 lire.Le Temps Revient. 'L Tempo Si Rinuova. Feste e spettacoli nella Firenze di Lorenzo il Magnifico, edited by Paola Ventrone, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 1992, 263 pp., 103 col. plates, 135 b. & w. illus., 80,000 lire.Lorenzo dopo Lorenzo. La Fortuna storica di Lorenzo il Magnifico, edited by Paola Pirolo, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 1992, 251 pp., 48 col. plates, 103 b. & w. illus., 70,000 lire.Maestri e Botteghe. Pittura a Firenze alla Fine del Quattrocento, edited by Mina Gregori, Antonio Paolucci, Cristina Acidini Luchinat, Milan: Silvana editoriale, 1992, 310 pp., 86 col. plates, 190 b. & w. illus., 80,000 lire.
Reviews
Authors: Jesnick Ilona , Woodford Susan , Frangenberg Thomas , Hills Helen , Bury J.B. , Pantano Nadine A. , Morley Simon , Lomas David , Pooke Grant F. 
Published: December 2013

The Oxford Guide to Classical Mythology in the Arts, 1300–1990 by Jane Davidson Reid, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1993, 2 vols., 672 pp. per vol., £140.The Oxford History of Classical Art edited by John Boardman, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1993, 406 pp., 28 col. plates, 396 b. & w. illus., £35.00Only Connect … Art and the Spectator in the Italian Renaissance by John Shearman, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1992, 281 pp., 25 col. plates, 201 b. & w. illus., £35.00Renaissance Architecture: Critics, Patrons, Luxury by David Thomson, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1993, 240 pp., 129 b. & w. illus., £45.00 hdbk, £14.99 pbkFelipe II, mecenas de las artes, by Fernando Checa Cremades, Madrid: Editorial Nerea, 1993, 61 col. plates, over 300 b. & w. illus., 9,990 Ptas.As Befits a Legend: Building a Tomb for Napoleon, 1840–1861 by Michael Paul Driskel, Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1993, 251 pp., 96 b. & w. illus., £32.00.Picasso: Sculptor/Painter by Elizabeth Cowling and John Golding, London: Tate Gallery Publications, 1994, 295 pp., 165 col. plates, 74 b. & w. illus., £25.00.Joan Miró by Carolyn Lanchner, New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1993, 484 pp., 254 col. plates, 485 b. & w. illus., £47.50Mikhail Larionov & The Russian Avant‐Garde by Anthony Parton, London: Thames & Hudson, 1993, 254 pp., 30 col. plates, 216 b. & w. illus., £36.00.
An Elephant and almost a Palindrome: Two Books on the Body in Art
Authors: Hood William 
Published: December 2013

Image of the Body: Aspects of the Nude by Michael Gill, New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, Auckland: Doubleday, 1990, 476 pp., 302 b. & w. illus., £12.99The Body Imaged: The Human Form and Visual Culture since the Renaissance edited by Kathleen Adler and Marcia Pointon, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993, 214 pp., 42 b. & w. illus., £45.00 hdbk, £14.95 pbk
Visual Impact — Three Books on the Interaction of Text and Image
Authors: Holman Valerie 
Published: December 2013

A Century of Artists Books by Riva Castleman, New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1994, 264 pp., 195 col. plates, £38.00The Visible Word: Experimental Typography and Modern Art, 1909–1923 by Johanna Drucker, Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1994, 298 pp., 41 b. & w. illus., £27.95Picture Theory: Essays on Verbal and Visual Representation by W.J.T. Mitchell, Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1994, 446 pp., 79 b. & w. illus., £27.95
Reviews
Authors: Grande Christina , Evelyn Peta , Hallett Mark , Solkin David H. , Adams Steven , Orwicz Michael R. , Perry Gill , Weiner Julia 
Published: December 2013

The Diffusion of Classical Art in Antiquity by John Boardman, London: Thames and Hudson, 1994, 352 pp., 422 b. & w. illus., 9 maps, £34.00Giambologna: Narrator of the Catholic Reformation by Mary Weitzel Gibbons, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 1995, 280 pp., 13 col. plates, 94 b. & w. illus., £40.00The Counter‐Arts Conspiracy: Art and Industry in the Age of Blake by Morris Eaves, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1992, 287pp., 93 b. & w. illus., £33.00Sir Joshua Reynolds: The Subject Pictures by Martin Postle, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995, 374 pp., 15 col. plates, 85 b. & w. illus., £45.00Quatremère de Quincy and the Invention of a Modern Language of Architecture by Sylvia Lavin, Cambridge, Mass. and London: MIT Press, 1992, 350 pp., 16 b. & w. illus., £38.25The Origins of French Art Criticism: from the Ancien Régime to the Restoration by Richard Wrigley, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1993, 427 pp., 21 b. & w. illus., £45.00 hdbk, £17.99 pbkSisters of the Brush: Women's Artistic Culture in Late Nineteenth‐Century Paris by Tamar Garb, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1994, 207 pp., 62 b. & w. illus., £35.00After Auschwitz: Responses to the Holocaust in Contemporary Art edited by Monica Bohm‐Duchen, London: Northern Centre for Contemporary Art, in association with Lund Humphries Publishers Ltd, 1995, 160 pp., 32 col. plates, 68 b. & w. illus., £19.95
Canon and Non‐Canon: Shifting views and expanding parameters
Authors: Thomas Anabel 
Published: December 2013

Humanism and the Culture of Renaissance Europe by Charles G. Nauert, Jr, Cambridge University Press, 1995, 237 pp., 12 b. & w. illus., £9.95 pbkLanguage and Images of Renaissance Italy edited by Alison Brown, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995, 338 pp., 39 b. & w. illus., £35.00Reframing the Renaissance: Visual Culture in Europe and Latin America 1450–1650 edited by Claire Farago, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1995, 394 pp., 21 col. plates, 142 b. & w. Illus., £35.00
Reviews
Authors: Powell Ann , Cunningham Colin J.K. , Wine Humphrey , Jordan Caroline , Gaughan Martin , Curtis Barry 
Published: December 2013

The Mysterious Fayum Portraits: Faces from Ancient Egypt by Euphrosyne Doxiadis, London: Thames and Hudson, 1995, 247 pp., 124 col. plates, 150 b. & w. illus., £48.00Architecture and Meaning on the Athenian Acropolis by Robin Francis Rhodes, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995, 224 pp., 92 b. & w. illus., £40.00 hdbk, £13.95 pbkKings and Connoisseurs. Collecting Art in Seventeenth‐Century Europe by Jonathan Brown, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1995, 264 pp., 85 col. plates, 140 b. & w. illus., £35.00The Quarantined Culture: Australian Reactions to Modernism 1913–1939 by John F. Williams, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1995, 228 pp., 18 b. & w. illus., £35.00Bakhtin and the Visual Arts by Deborah J. Haynes, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995, 217 pp., 29 b. & w. illus., £45.00The Independent Group: Modernism and Mass Culture in Britain by Anne Massey, Manchester & New York: Manchester University Press, 1995, 160pp., 50 b. & w. illus., £45.00 hdbk, £16.99 pbk
Polysiloxane‐Derived Ceramics Containing Nanowires with Catalytically Active Tips
Authors: Adam Michael , Vakifahmetoglu Cekdar , Colombo Paolo , Wilhelm Michaela , Grathwohl Georg 
Published: December 2013

By direct foaming of a Pt‐containing polysiloxane precursor, macroporous ceramics were generated by pyrolysis at 1400°C under nitrogen or argon. The growth of nanowires was induced via a vapor–liquid–solid mechanism in which the Pt particles acted as deposition site for the decomposition gases released upon pyrolyzing the preceramic polymer. SEM, HR‐SEM, TEM/EDX, and XRD investigations revealed that pyrolysis under argon atmosphere leads to short SiC nanowires of only a few micrometers length and under nitrogen atmosphere Si3N4 nanowires evolved, with length of several 10 μm. In both cases the tips of the nanowires mainly consisted of PtSi. In contrast to samples pyrolyzed at 600°C, the components after higher temperature pyrolysis showed moderate‐specific surface areas of 55–67 m2/g. In CO oxidation experiments, a good catalytic activity was found for the Pt silicide particles, suggesting that despite their relatively large size, their location at the tips of the nanowires affords them good reactivity.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of BaTiO3 Nanopowders Using TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Han Jae‐Min , Joung Mi‐Ri , Kim Jin‐Seong , Lee Youn‐Seon , Nahm Sahn , Choi Youn‐Kyu , Paik Jong‐Hoo 
Published: December 2013

Anatase TiO2 nanoparticles, obtained by hydrolyzing titanium isopropoxide in distilled water, were used to synthesize BaTiO3 (BT) nanopowder by the hydrothermal method. When titanium isopropoxide was used, BT nanopowder with a low tetragonality of 1.0070 was formed because of the presence of OH− ions in the oxygen sites and Ba vacancies. However, by changing the titanium source from titanium isopropoxide to TiO2 nanoparticles, a homogeneous BT nanopowder with similar particle size and a high tetragonality of 1.0081 was synthesized. The size of the BT nanopowder particles was decreased by reducing the synthesis time. In particular, the BT nanopowder that was synthesized at 220°C for 16 h with a Ba/Ti molar ratio of 4.0 exhibited a high tetragonality of 1.0083 and a small particle size of 126.0 nm.
A biogeographical history and timeline for the evolution of Australian snapping turtles (Elseya: Chelidae) in Australia and New Guinea
Authors: Todd Erica V. , Blair David , Georges Arthur , Lukoschek Vimoksalehi , Jerry Dean R. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAimOur aim was to investigate the evolutionary response of a freshwater Gondwanan relictual lineage to ongoing aridification of the Australian landmass. Australian snapping turtles (Elseya spp.) are riverine specialist species and were used to examine biogeographical hypotheses associated with changes to riverine connectivity through eustatic sea‐level change, landform development and aridity across this understudied region.LocationNorthern and Eastern Australia and New Guinea.MethodsPhylogenetic relationships were inferred for all extant species of Elseya plus two putative species not yet described, from molecular data comprising mitochondrial (control region, ND4 and 16S) and nuclear (R35 intron) loci, using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. A calibrated relaxed molecular clock was used to estimate divergence times. Intraspecific lineage structure and diversity were investigated using control region sequences analysed via haplotype networks and AMOVA.ResultsElseya species exhibited a striking degree of local endemism across their range. Four divergent clades corresponded geographically to New Guinea, southern New Guinea plus northern Australia, north‐eastern Australia, and south‐eastern Australia. These arose in the late Miocene (c. 5.82–9.7 Ma), diversifying further in the early Pleistocene (c. 2.2–2.43 Ma and 1.36–1.66 Ma), coincident with major phases of aridity and climatic upheaval.Main conclusionsThe genus Elseya has a long vicariant history in Australia, closely tied to disconnection of fluvial habitat through landform evolution, sea‐level rise and ongoing aridification. Our analysis paints a more complete picture of Australian freshwater biogeography, including evidence for periodic connectivity with New Guinea, important regional biogeographical barriers, and the location of potential freshwater refugia. Congruence with patterns described for terrestrial groups implies a collective response of the Australian fauna to aridification.