bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing ChatGPT’s theoretical knowledge and prescriptive accuracy in bacterial infections: a comparative study with infectious diseases residents and specialists
Authors: De Vito Andrea , Geremia Nicholas , Marino Andrea , Bavaro Davide Fiore , Caruana Giorgia , Meschiari Marianna , Colpani Agnese , Mazzitelli Maria , Scaglione Vincenzo , Venanzi Rullo Emmanuele , Fiore Vito , Fois Marco , Campanella Edoardo , Pistarà Eugenia , Faltoni Matteo , Nunnari Giuseppe , Cattelan Annamaria , Mussini Cristina , Bartoletti Michele , Vaira Luigi Angelo , Madeddu Giordano 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Advancements in Artificial Intelligence(AI) have made platforms like ChatGPT increasingly relevant in medicine. This study assesses ChatGPT’s utility in addressing bacterial infection-related questions and antibiogram-based clinical cases.

Methods
This study involved a collaborative effort involving infectious disease (ID) specialists and residents. A group of experts formulated six true/false, six open-ended questions, and six clinical cases with antibiograms for four types of infections (endocarditis, pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections, and bloodstream infection) for a total of 96 questions. The questions were submitted to four senior residents and four specialists in ID and inputted into ChatGPT-4 and a trained version of ChatGPT-4. A total of 720 responses were obtained and reviewed by a blinded panel of experts in antibiotic treatments. They evaluated the responses for accuracy and completeness, the ability to identify correct resistance mechanisms from antibiograms, and the appropriateness of antibiotics prescriptions.

Results
No significant difference was noted among the four groups for true/false questions, with approximately 70% correct answers. The trained ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4 offered more accurate and complete answers to the open-ended questions than both the residents and specialists. Regarding the clinical case, we observed a lower accuracy from ChatGPT-4 to recognize the correct resistance mechanism. ChatGPT-4 tended not to prescribe newer antibiotics like cefiderocol or imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam, favoring less recommended options like colistin. Both trained- ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4 recommended longer than necessary treatment periods (p-value = 0.022).

Conclusions
This study highlights ChatGPT’s capabilities and limitations in medical decision-making, specifically regarding bacterial infections and antibiogram analysis. While ChatGPT demonstrated proficiency in answering theoretical questions, it did not consistently align with expert decisions in clinical case management. Despite these limitations, the potential of ChatGPT as a supportive tool in ID education and preliminary analysis is evident. However, it should not replace expert consultation, especially in complex clinical decision-making.
“Don’t talk to me like I am an illness”: exploring patients’ needs using the communication passport in an eating disorder service
Authors: Li Zhuo , Chubinidze Dimitri , Croft Philippa , Webb Jessica , Sarpong Amanda , Zesch Elisa , Tchanturia Kate 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Purpose
Social challenges are common in patients with eating disorders (ED). The presence of autistic characteristics often exacerbates social difficulties within this group, potentially affecting treatment outcomes. This study investigates the communication preferences, challenges, dislikes, and support needs of patients with ED, both with and without autistic traits, using a communication passport in a national inpatient ED service.

Methods
An explorative qualitative analysis of 38 completed communication passports was conducted to investigate patients’ communication preferences, sensory needs, struggles and dislikes, and areas of support required, paying particular attention to the distinct needs of patients with high levels of autistic traits.

Results
The communication passport provided valuable insights into patients’ communication preferences, sensory sensitivities, challenges, and support needed. Patients also used the passports to share information about their strengths, personal identity, and life beyond the hospital.

Conclusion
The communication passport fosters a deeper understanding of patients’ needs and may support clinicians in care planning and communication strategies tailored to each patient’s needs. Regular evaluation and updates are warranted to ensure its usability and accessibility by the wider care team.
Unsupervised Graph Representation Learning with Inductive Shallow Node Embedding
Authors: Kiss Richárd , Szűcs Gábor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNetwork science has witnessed a surge in popularity, driven by the transformative power of node representation learning for diverse applications like social network analysis and biological modeling. While shallow embedding algorithms excel at capturing network structure, they face a critical limitation—failing to generalize to unseen nodes. This paper addresses this challenge by introducing Inductive Shallow Node Embedding—as a main contribution—pioneering a novel approach that extends shallow embeddings to the realm of inductive learning. It has a novel encoder architecture that captures the local neighborhood structure of each node, enabling effective generalization to unseen nodes. In the generalization, robustness is essential to avoid degradation of performance arising from noise in the dataset. It has been theoretically proven that the covariance of the additive noise term in the proposed model is inversely proportional to the cardinality of a node’s neighbors. Another contribution is a mathematical lower bound to quantify the robustness of node embeddings, confirming its advantage over traditional shallow embedding methods, particularly in the presence of parameter noise. The proposed method demonstrably excels in dynamic networks, consistently achieving over 90% performance on previously unseen nodes compared to nodes encountered during training on various benchmarks. The empirical evaluation concludes that our method outperforms competing methods on the vast majority of datasets in both transductive and inductive tasks.
Experimental study on pore structure evolution of thermally treated shales: implications for CO2 storage in underground thermally treated shale horizons
Authors: Hazra Bodhisatwa , Chandra Debanjan , Vishal Vikram , Ostadhassan Mehdi , Sethi Chinmay , Saikia Binoy K. , Pandey Jai Krishna , Varma Atul K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtracting gas from unconventional shale reservoirs with low permeability is challenging. To overcome this, hydraulic fracturing (HF) is employed. Despite enhancing shale gas production, HF has drawbacks like groundwater pollution and induced earthquakes. Such issues highlight the need for ongoing exploration of novel shale gas extraction methods such as in situ heating through combustion or pyrolysis to mitigate operational and environmental concerns. In this study, thermally immature shales of contrasting organic richness from Rajmahal Basin of India were heated to different temperatures (pyrolysis at 350, 500 and 650 °C) to assess the temperature protocols necessary for hydrocarbon liberation and investigate the evolution of pore structural facets with implications for CO2 sequestration in underground thermally treated shale horizons. Our results from low-pressure N2 adsorption reveal reduced adsorption capacity in the shale splits treated at 350 and 500 ºC, which can be attributed to structural reworking of the organic matter within the samples leading to formation of complex pore structures that limits the access of nitrogen at low experimental temperatures. Consequently, for both the studied samples BET SSA decreased by ∼58% and 72% at 350 °C, and ∼67% and 68% at 500 °C, whereas average pore diameter increased by ∼45% and 91% at 350 °C, and ∼100% and 94% at 500 °C compared to their untreated counterparts. CO2 adsorption results, unlike N2, revealed a pronounced rise in micropore properties (surface area and volume) at 500 and 650 ºC (∼30%–35% and ∼41%–63%, respectively for both samples), contradicting the N2 adsorption outcomes. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images complemented the findings, showing pore structures evolving from microcracks to collapsed pores with increasing thermal treatment. Analysis of the SEM images of both samples revealed a notable increase in average pore width (short axis): by ∼4 and 10 times at 350 °C, ∼5 and 12 times at 500 °C, and ∼10 and 28 times at 650 °C compared to the untreated samples. Rock-Eval analysis demonstrated the liberation of almost all pyrolyzable kerogen components in the shales heated to 650 °C. Additionally, the maximum micropore capacity, identified from CO2 gas adsorption analysis, indicated 650 °C as the ideal temperature for in situ conversion and CO2 sequestration. Nevertheless, project viability hinges on assessing other relevant aspects of shale gas development such as geomechanical stability and supercritical CO2 interactions in addition to thermal treatment.
Modelling and Simulation of Stray Current in Urban Rail Transit—A Review
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Wang Miao , Zheng Trillion Q. , Sun Xiangxuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of urban rail transit, the issue of stray current due to incomplete insulation between the rail and the earth is attracting increasing attention. Stray current seriously affects the safe operation of urban rail transit, pipelines and power grids, and pose challenges to the development of urban energy security. However, there are significant differences among the various methods for the analysis and verification of stray currents, and existing research works thus lack a mature theoretical framework. To address this, this paper presents an in-depth review on the study of stray current including the mechanism, technical standards, modelling, simulation and mitigation technologies. Firstly, the principle and standards of stray current are introduced from multiple perspectives (i.e. metro side, pipeline side and grid side). Then, the typical modelling and simulation of stray current are summarized and compared in detail. The representative stray current mitigation measures, together with the stray current hardware simulation technologies, are also discussed. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of key technologies involved in the modelling and simulation of stray current, and highlights the valuable research direction in stray current mitigation.
Die ermäßigte Umsatzsteuer in der Gastronomie – Bewertung und subventionspolitische Schlussfolgerungen
Authors: Heinemann Friedrich , Nicolay Katharina , Steinbrenner Daniela 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungNach einer kontroversen Debatte ist Ende 2023 die temporäre Anwendung des ermäßigten Umsatzsteuersatzes für die Gastronomie in Deutschland ausgelaufen. Die Autorinnen und Autoren beleuchten dieses finanzwissenschaftlich und politökonomisch aufschlussreiche Fallbeispiel. Sie erläutern den steuersystematischen Hintergrund, der bei der Entscheidung über die Abweichungen vom Normalsatz gemäß EU-Mehrwertsteuersystem zu berücksichtigen ist. Nach steuersystematischen und politökonomischen Vorüberlegungen werden alle von Branchenverbänden vorgebrachten Argumente zugunsten der Ermäßigung geprüft. Diese betreffen (i) den Krisenkontext von Pandemie, Energiekrise und Inflation, (ii) unternehmerische Herausforderungen in Bezug auf Planbarkeit und Arbeitskräftemangel, (iii) Ungleichbehandlungen mit dem EU-Ausland und dem Außer-Haus-Verkauf sowie (iv) soziale Aspekte in Bezug auf Verteilungswirkungen, Kulturgüter, Nachhaltigkeit und Gesundheit. Insgesamt erweisen sich die Argumente zugunsten eines ermäßigten Steuersatzes als nicht stichhaltig. Aus den Erfahrungen zu den dennoch großen politischen Widerständen gegen die Rücknahme der temporären krisenbezogenen Steuersubvention folgt die Empfehlung, in künftigen Krisen vorübergehenden Finanzhilfen konsequent den Vorzug gegenüber Steuerermäßigungen zu geben.
Developing Resilient Peer-to-Peer Energy Sharing Scheme Using “N-1” Contingency
Authors: Kiu Juliana Pei Ying , Kong Karen Gah Hie , Andiappan Viknesh , How Bing Shen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA peer-to-peer energy sharing system, aiming to achieve emissions reduction by generating and sharing renewable energy among participants, has emerged as an appealing solution for addressing carbon emissions attributed to energy consumption. However, the resiliency of the peer-to-peer energy sharing system, particularly in addressing the risks of disruptions, has yet to be studied thoroughly in existing literature. Hence, this work aims to design an optimal peer-to-peer energy sharing scheme that can reduce electrical costs, while ensuring the carbon emissions reduction goal can be achieved even in the presence of disruptive risks. The concept of N-1 contingency has been incorporated into the proposed methodology. With the proposed approach, the minimum renewable capacity requirement of each player can be determined to ensure the fulfillment of energy demand and emissions reduction goal even when any of the players are unexpectedly shut down. Generally, by expanding the size of the solar panel, the remaining players are able to share extra renewables to fulfill its energy demand while achieving the emissions reduction goal. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, an illustrative case study with three energy players is introduced. The result shows that if N-1 contingency is not applied, both energy cost and total emissions have at least increased by 35,054.49 RM/month (10.81%) and 46,218.34 kg/month (19.47%), respectively, assuming one of the players is experiencing disruptions. In short, this work reveals the potential of applying N-1 contingency to enhance the robustness of peer-to-peer system while ensuring its stability and performance even under challenging conditions.
Research Progress on Bio-inspired Flapping-Wing Rotor Micro Aerial Vehicle Development
Authors: Pan Yingjun , Guo Shijun , Huang Xun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlapping-wing rotor (FWR) is an innovative bio-inspired micro aerial vehicle capable of vertical take-off and landing. This unique design combines active flapping motion and passive wing rotation around a vertical central shaft to enhance aerodynamic performance. The research on FWR, though relatively new, has contributed to 6% of core journal publications in the micro aerial vehicle field over the past two decades. This paper presents the first comprehensive review of FWR, analysing the current state of the art, key advances, challenges, and future research directions. The review highlights FWR’s distinctive kinematics and aerodynamic superiority compared to traditional flapping wings, fixed wings, and rotary wings, discussing recent breakthroughs in efficient, passive wing pitching and asymmetric stroke amplitude for lift enhancement. Recent experiments and remote-controlled take-off and hovering tests of single and dual-motor FWR models have showcased their effectiveness. The review compares FWR flight performance with well-developed insect-like flapping-wing micro aerial vehicles as the technology readiness level progresses from laboratory to outdoor flight testing, advancing from the initial flight of a 2.6 g prototype to the current free flight of a 60-gram model. The review also presents ongoing research in bionic flexible wing structures, flight stability and control, and transitioning between hovering and cruise flight modes for an FWR, setting the stage for potential applications.
Jetting-based bioprinting: process, dispense physics, and applications
Authors: Ng Wei Long , Shkolnikov Viktor 
Published: July 2024

微液滴喷射生物3D打印：工艺、物理过程以及应用喷射式生物打印是一种通过无接触的按需喷射亚微升级微液滴在特定位置准确控制细胞、生长因子、药物和生物材料空间排列的高度自动化逐层制造方法。由于其极大的多功能性，喷射式生物打印已被用于组织工程和再生医学、伤口愈合和药物研发等各种应用。现阶段对于喷射式生物打印过程中发生的机制还缺乏深入的理解。本综述将全面讨论喷射式生物打印中使用的生物墨水和打印条件的物理考量。作者首先总结了不同的喷射式生物打印技术，如喷墨生物打印、激光诱导前向转移（LIFT）生物打印、电-液喷射生物打印、声波生物打印和微阀生物打印。接下来，作者对与细胞沉积、打印室设计、液滴形成和液滴撞击相关的生物墨水配方的各种考虑进行了深入讨论。最后，作者着重讨论了喷射式生物打印的最新成就。作者介绍了每种方法的优势和挑战，讨论了与细胞存活率和蛋白稳定性相关的考虑，并对喷射式生物打印的未来方向进行展望。
Investigation of a Variable Camber Morphing Airfoil via SMA Wire and Corrugated Structures
Authors: Aly Reem , Kaygan Erdoğan , Esat Volkan , Orang Ali Atashbar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study proposes a novel design concept of SMA wire technology that is applied to an Eppler E397 morphing airfoil. The study suggests replacing a conventional flap like structure which is typically located at 75% chord with a smooth geometry morphing flap positioned at 65% chord. The morphing flap is assumed to be actuated by a shape memory alloy wire and compliant structure mechanism instead of a conventional hydraulic system. The design concept is studied and verified by conducting a finite element analysis to check the structural integrity. A parametric study was then conducted on the number and position of the wire within the airfoil to investigate the amount of downward deflection that can result from the proposed mechanism. As a result, the amount of deflection angle increased directly as the position of the wire approached the upper surface of the airfoil (up to 8.2°). In addition, aerodynamic parameters resulting from the deflected geometries were evaluated using Athena vortex lattice methods (AVL) and then compared to a conventional airfoil with hinged flap-like-structure. The results showcased an increase in lift coefficient, a decrease in drag coefficient, and enhanced aerodynamic efficiency of the morphing flap-like-structure.
Developing a genomic-based strategy to confirm microbial identity in bio-inputs containing multiple strains: an easy, fast, and low-cost multiplex PCR applied to inoculants carrying soybean Bradyrhizobium
Authors: de Paiva Rolla-Santos Amanda Alves , Terra Leonardo Araujo , Ribeiro Renan Augusto , Nogueira Marco Antonio , Hungria Mariangela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBrazil stands out in research, industrial development, and farmers' use of microbial inoculants, with an emphasis on getting benefits from the biological nitrogen fixation process with the soybean crop. Nowadays, about 140 million doses of inoculants are commercialized annually for the soybean in the country, and strain identification is achieved by rep-PCR, an effective but time-consuming method. Aiming to develop an easy, low-cost, and low-time-consuming method, we used a complete genome-based approach based on the unequivocal identification of unique genes present in the genomes of each of the four Bradyrhizobium strains used in commercial inoculants: Bradyrhizobium elkanii strains SEMIA 587 and SEMIA 5019, Bradyrhizobium japonicum SEMIA 5079, and Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens SEMIA 5080. The unique pairs of primers able to amplify genomic regions of different sizes allowed the identification of the four strains in a simple multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Validation was confirmed by using single colonies, multiple cultures, and commercial inoculants. The number of labor hours of a technician was 3.08 times higher, and the final cost was 3.25 times higher in the rep-PCR than in the multiplex PCR. Most importantly, the results for multiplex PCR were obtained on the same day, in contrast with 15 days in the traditional methodology. The genomic approach developed can be easily applied to a variety of microbial inoculants worldwide, in addition to studies of ecology and evaluation of the competitiveness of the strains.
Graphical Abstract
Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Protein Regulates Granulosa Cell Aging by Targeting Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Gene Via an N6-Methyladenosine-YT521-B Homology Domain Family Member 2-Dependent Pathway in Aged Mice
Authors: Li Linshuang , Yang Le , Shen Lin , Zhao Yiqing , Wang Lan , Zhang Hanwang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and how its associated proteins affect granulosa cell aging. A granulosa cell senescence model was constructed to detect the differences in total RNA m6A modification levels and the expression of related enzymes. Changes in downstream molecular expression and the effects on the cellular senescence phenotype were explored by repeatedly knocking down and overexpressing the key genes fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), YT521-B homology domain family member 2 (YTHDF2), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2). There was an increased total RNA m6A modification and decreased expression of the demethylase FTO and target gene MMP2 in senescent granulosa cells. FTO and MMP2 knockdown promoted granulosa cell senescence, whereas FTO and MMP2 overexpression retarded it. YTHDF2 and FTO can bind to the messenger RNA of MMP2. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which is downstream of MMP2, retarded the process of granulosa cell senescence through ERK activators. In granulosa cells, FTO can regulate the expression of MMP2 in an m6A-YTHDF2-dependent manner, influencing the activation status of the ERK pathway and contributing to the aging process of granulosa cells.
Evolution of the Italian pasta ripiena: the first steps toward a scientific classification
Authors: Nazari Vazrick , Pasqualone Antonella , Pieroni Andrea , Todisco Valentina , Belardinelli Sofia , Pievani Telmo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, phylogenetic and biogeographic methods are used to investigate the evolutionary relationships between various types of Italian pasta ripiena (filled pasta) and related representatives from across Eurasia, using information from their geography, shape, content and cooking methods. Our results showed that, with the exception of the Sardinian Culurgiones, all the other pasta ripiena from Italy likely had a single origin in the northern parts of the country. Based on the proposed evolutionary hypothesis, the Italian pasta are divided into two main clades: a ravioli clade mainly characterized by a more or less flat shape, and a tortellini clade mainly characterized by a three-dimensional shape. The implications of these findings are further discussed.
Measurement of regional green finance development and its coordination with economic development: a study on the Yangtze River Delta region of China
Authors: Song Yazhi , Xu Hantian , Li Yin , Jiang Jing Jing , Ye Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe green transformation of industry and sustainable economic development both require considerable investment. In this regard, green finance that is compatible with economic development can help cope with the massive demand for capital. Taken China’s Yangtze River Delta (YRD) as an example, this study is to measure the coordination degree between green finance and economic development. First, the concept, content and scope of green finance is defined based on the new financial regulation mechanism. Second, a green finance measurement index is built to calculate the green finance index for 30 Chinese provinces by the CFA test. Third, based on the economic structure index, an economic development index is built. Testing the rationality of green financial index and the economic development index, this paper finally measures the degree of coordination between green finance and economic development in the YRD. The results reveal that, first, green finance is a financial instrument that integrates financial industry development, environmental improvement, and economic growth. The measurement of the green financial development index includes the sum of regional green credit, green investment, green securities, and green insurance. Second, after years' development, the comprehensive score of YRD’s coupling coordination degree exceeds 0.8 in 2020, which shows a high level of coordinated development between green finance and economic construction. However, there is a 2-year timing effect between the economic development and green finance index increase, which reveals that green finance development in the YRD requires further policy guidance and support. This study’s findings can provide a theoretical reference and case support for the further development of green finance and related policies in China.