bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visceral adiposity index and insulin secretion and action in first‐degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yang Yumei , Feng Yan , Ma Xuesong , Chen Kaiting , Wu Nannan , Wang Dongmei , Li Pengjie , Wang Minnan , Li Qiang , Zhang Jinchao 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the predictive performance of the newly established visceral adiposity index for diabetes and prediabetes, as well as the relationships between the visceral adiposity index and the parameters of insulin secretion and action.MethodsEight hundred twenty‐four first‐degree relatives of individuals with type 2 diabetes who had no known history of abnormal glucose regulation were selected. Diabetes and prediabetes were diagnosed using the standard oral glucose tolerance test.ResultsThe visceral adiposity index values were greater for the subjects with prediabetes and diabetes than for those with normal glucose regulation. Among the subjects with normal glucose regulation, the visceral adiposity index was higher for those whose levels were above the median value of the incremental area under the curve for glucose than for the subjects whose levels fell below the median value. The visceral adiposity index was negatively correlated with the homeostasis model assessment of the β‐cell function index (Homa‐β) and with the insulinogenic index (ΔI30/ΔG30). The visceral adiposity index was found to be a valuable predictor of diabetes, but it was not superior to triglyceride levels, waist circumference, or lipid accumulation production.ConclusionsThe first degree relatives of people with type 2 DM who have prediabetes or diabetes have progressively higher visceral adiposity index in association with progressive hyperglycemia, and it was found to correlate with the Homa‐β and the ΔI30/ΔG30. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Linear Dinitrosyl‐Triiron Complex
Authors: Victor Eric , Minier Mikael A. , Lippard Stephen J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNitric oxide is released during the immune response by the host during bacterial infection. To counteract this response, bacteria have evolved nitric oxide reductases to convert NO to N2O. Some of these nitric oxide reductases contain a flavodiiron active site that has bridging carboxylates and hydroxides. Only a handful of synthetic complexes currently exist as models for the protein reactivity. Here, we report the reaction of [Fe2(μ‐OH)(μ‐Ph4DBA)(TMEDA)2(OTf)] (4) with NO(g) and Ph3CSNO to prepare the dinitrosyl‐triiron complex [Fe3(μ‐OH)2(μ‐Ph4DBA)2(TMEDA)2(NO)2](OTf) (5). The reaction was monitored by UV/Vis and ReactIR spectroscopy, and compound 5 was characterized by X‐ray crystallography, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, Evan's method, and FTIR spectroscopy. The IR spectrum of compound 5 compares favorably to experimental spectroscopic data obtained for the proposed mononitrosylated intermediate of the protein.
Tuning CuII Coordination Polymers Derived from a Bis(pyrazolecarboxylate) Ligand by Solvothermal C–H Bond Activation: Synthesis, Structures, Catalysis, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Ganguly Sumi , Sanyal Ria , Mondal Raju 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA new bis(pyrazolecarboxylate) ligand, 1,3‐phenylenebis(1H‐pyrazole‐5‐carboxylic acid) (H2PBPC) has been synthesized to study the structure and intriguing properties of the resultant coordination polymers synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The reaction of H2PBPC with Cu(ClO4)2 in the presence of NaOH at two different temperatures (80 and 120 °C) resulted in two coordination polymers, namely, [{Cu2Na(H2OPBPC)}]∞ (1) and [{Cu4Na2(H2OPBPC)2}]∞ (2), which display 2D corrugated sheet and 3D staircase architectures, respectively; in these structures, the aromatic C–H bond flanked by the pyrazolecarboxylate moieties was oxidized to form a C–O bond. When 2,2′‐bipyridine (2,2′‐bpy) was used instead of NaOH, [{Cu2(2,2′‐bpy)2(H2PBPC)}(H2O)]∞ (3) formed, and such C–H bond activation was not observed. Interestingly, one of the coordination polymers, namely, 1, displayed catecholase and phosphatase activity. Variable‐temperature magnetic susceptibility data in the range 2–300 K showed that there is antiferromagnetic coupling between the metal centers of 1 and 2 that is mediated through the phenoxo and pyrazole bridges, whereas 3 revealed dominant ferromagnetic interactions between the bis(pyrazolato)‐bridged CuII centers owing to its very unusual Cu–N–N–Cu torsion angles of 75.28 and 69.52°.
Color Tuning and Noteworthy Photoluminescence Quantum Yields in Crystalline Mono‐/Dinuclear ZnII Complexes
Authors: Argeri Mario , Borbone Fabio , Caruso Ugo , Causà Mauro , Fusco Sandra , Panunzi Barbara , Roviello Antonio , Shikler Rafi , Tuzi Angela 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA series of ZnII complexes with an O,N,O tridentate core is reported. Four species of the general formula ZnLiPy2 were obtained from pyridine, where Li is a substituted 4‐[(aroylhydrazono)methyl]‐3‐hydroxyphenyl 4‐(octyloxy)benzoate group. Crystal structures were solved by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Nematogenic phase behavior was detected only for the ligands. Photoluminescence spectra were recorded both in solution and in the solid state, and the complexes showed noteworthy photoluminescence in the solid state with wavelengths tunable by varying the aroyl group. Medium to very high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) were recorded on the crystalline complexes obtained in their mononuclear coordination environments. In the case of a 4‐nitrobenzoyl substituent on the ligand, a dinuclear complex with formula Zn2L42Py2 showed an unprecedented and exceptionally high PLQY value for a crystalline zinc complex. Molecular and periodic calculations were performed by using Density Functional Theory (DFT).
Cross‐metathesis of fatty acid methyl esters with acrolein: An entry to a variety of bifunctional compounds
Authors: Bonin Hélène , Keraani Adel , Dubois Jean‐Luc , Brandhorst Markus , Fischmeister Cédric , Bruneau Christian 
Published: October 2014

The cross‐metathesis of renewable fatty acid methyl esters with acrolein was investigated. The bifunctional formyl‐esters obtained are interesting compounds for further transformations into bifunctional polymer precursors. Several experimental parameters and ruthenium catalysts have been evaluated. Best results were obtained with thermally pre‐treated fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The reactions performed with high efficiency with low catalyst loadings allowing TONs as high at 1000. An acetal protected acrolein was also used, enabling improvement of the reaction performances. A tandem cross‐metathesis/hydrogenation reaction without isolation of the formyl intermediate delivered the expected alcohol ester in good yield.Practical applications: The cross‐metathesis of FAMEs with acrolein provides access to a broad range of bifunctional compounds of interest for the manufacture of polymers, considering the multiple post‐transformations of the formyl group availableThe ruthenium‐catalyzed cross‐metathesis of fatty acid methyl esters with acrolein is presented. The bifunctional formyl‐esters are valuable precursors for subsequent transformations such as the tandem cross‐metathesis/hydrogenation reaction delivering a hydroxyl‐ester in one step.
Phenazines and Their N‐Oxides as Products of Cyclization of N‐Aryl‐2‐nitrosoanilines – Disproof of the Reported Homolytic Cross‐Coupling Process Leading to Benzo[c]cinnoline Oxides
Authors: Wróbel Zbigniew , Stachowska Karolina , Kwast Andrzej 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe base‐promoted homolytic cross‐coupling reaction of nitroarenes and anilines involving single electron transfer and leading to benzo[c]cinnoline oxides reported by Sythana et al. (S. K. Sythana, S. Unni, Y. M. Kshirsagar, P. R. Bhagat, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2014, 311) was shown to be incorrect. In fact, nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen with anilide anions takes place, which leads to the formation of intermediate N‐aryl‐2‐nitrosoanilines followed by base‐promoted cyclization to phenazines and/or their N‐oxide derivatives. Three of the phenazine N‐oxides, which were erroneously described as benzo[c]cinnoline oxides by Sythana et al., were obtained independently in the cyclization of N‐aryl‐2‐nitrosoanilines possessing a leaving group at the ortho position in the N‐aryl ring. A competitive substitution of hydrogen and a leaving group lead to the formation of 1‐substituted phenazines and phenazine N‐oxides, respectively, depending on the reaction conditions and the leaving group.
Convenient Synthesis of the Antibiotic Linezolid via an Oxazolidine‐2,4‐dione Intermediate Derived from the Chiral Building Block Isoserine
Authors: Greco Arianna , De Marco Rossella , Tani Sara , Giacomini Daria , Galletti Paola , Tolomelli Alessandra , Juaristi Eusebio , Gentilucci Luca 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe describe a new synthesis of the 5‐(aminomethyl)oxazolidin‐3‐one core of linezolid in enantiomerically pure form. The expedient cyclization of the α‐hydroxy amide derived from isoserine and 3‐fluoro‐4‐morpholinoaniline to give the corresponding (aminomethyl)oxazolidine‐2,4‐dione, followed by its mild selective reduction at the C(4)‐position, gave linezolid in almost quantitative overall yield.
Efficient Cross‐Coupling of Dioxazaborocanes with α‐Phosphate Enamides
Authors: Gigant Nicolas , Honraedt Aurélien , Gras Emmanuel , Gillaizeau Isabelle 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA range of readily available α‐phosphate enamides were subjected to (hetero)aromatic dioxazaborocanes (DABO boronates), providing the desired α‐functionalized enamides in high yields via palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions. Notably, the reaction proceeds in the presence of a slight excess of boron derivatives and tolerates cyclic, nonaromatic and/or electron‐rich enamides.
Synthesis of All Eight Stereoisomeric 6‐Deoxy‐L‐hexopyranosyl Donors – Trends in Using Stereoselective Reductions or Mitsunobu Epimerizations
Authors: Frihed Tobias Gylling , Pedersen Christian Marcus , Bols Mikael 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of all eight rare but biologically important 6‐deoxy‐L‐hexoses as their thioglycoside glycosyl donors starting from the commercially availableL‐rhamnose orL‐fucose is reported. The synthesis of all eight 6‐deoxy‐L‐hexoses was accomplished using a variety of epimerization methods, which revealed some general trends. The stereoselective reduction of 4‐oxopyranosides could be predicted by the Cram chelation model, while Mitsunobu conditions led to elimination in some substrates.
Triphosgene‐Mediated Couplings in the Solid Phase: Total Synthesis of Brachystemin A
Authors: Fang Lijing , Wu Chunlei , Yu Zaidan , Shang Peng , Cheng Yongxian , Peng Yuefeng , Su Wu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA reproducible, highly efficient, and racemization‐free protocol for the triphosgene‐mediated solid‐phase coupling of proteinogenic amino acids was developed. The efficiency of the reaction was demonstrated by the first total synthesis of the bioactive natural octacyclopeptide brachystemin A. This protocol will broaden the application of triphosgene in the synthesis of a wide range of peptides, including aromatic amino acids, N‐alkylated amino acids, as well as proteinogenic amino acids.
New Design forDetection Cell Applied in Magnetic Particle‐Based Electrochemiluminescence Assays
Authors: Xu Yuanhong , Han Yanchao , Gu Wenling , Xia Yong , Liu Yaqing , Wang Erkang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA new configuration of detection cell has been designed for convenient magnetic particles (MPs)‐based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assays preformed on the instruments in which the photomultiplier tube is under the working electrode (WE) side. The design provides easy physical cleaning of WE and avoids impurity precipitates depositing on the electrode surface. Subsequently, effects of different MPs without and with graphene (named CMNs and GHPMNs, respectively) on ECL efficiency were compared for the first time. CMNs would decrease the ECL due to the low conductivity of Fe3O4 itself. Because of the intrinsic high conductivity of graphene, GHPMNs could lead to 6–7‐fold increase in ECL intensity.
Simultaneous Anodic and Cathodic Voltammetric Detection of Patulin and Ochratoxin A on Well‐Defined Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Nasir Muhammad Zafir Mohamad , Pumera Martin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDetection of mycotoxins is paramount importance for food quality control. Here we compare well‐defined surfaces for electrochemical detection of patulin and ochratoxin A on edge plane pyrolytic graphite and glassy carbon electrodes. Patulin shows well‐defined peak at ∼−1.5 V, deeply in cathodic region; ochratoxin A is in contrary oxidizable at potential ∼+0.9 V. We investigate here the possibility to simultaneously detect two important mycotoxins with distinctive cathodic and anodic signals. We show that edge‐plane pyrolytic graphite provides more sensitive response over glassy carbon electrode. It is clear that high density of the edges on graphite is highly beneficial to the voltammetric response of these mycotoxins. The developed technique should have profound impact on research towards portable sensors of mycotoxins.
Evaluation of a proposed damage index for a set of earthquakes
Authors: Rodriguez Mario E. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryA damage index computed for a set of ground motions recorded in 11 earthquakes, including the 1985 Mexico City earthquake, the 2010 Chile earthquake, the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, and the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake, is proposed in this paper. The proposed damage index uses some basic parameters of the response of an SDOF system including the maximum hysteretic energy per unit mass that a structure can dissipate under strong ground motions. Control of lateral displacements, especially roof drift ratio of buildings, was found to be important in minimizing seismic damage. The values and distribution of the computed damage index are consistent with global building damage observations for the selected earthquakes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6–δ – Zr0.84Y0.16O2–δ Materials as Oxygen Electrodes for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells
Authors: Li J. , Zhong C. , Meng X. , Wu H. , Nie H. , Zhan Z. , Wang S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe high‐temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is one of the most promising devices for hydrogen mass production. To make SOEC suitable from an economical point of view, each component of the SOEC has to be optimized. At this level, the optimization of the oxygen electrode is of particular interest since it contributes to a large extent to the cell polarization resistance. The present paper is focused on an alternative oxygen electrode of Zr0.84Y0.16O2–δ‐Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6–δ (YSZ‐SFM). YSZ‐SFM composite oxygen electrodes were fabricated by impregnating the YSZ matrix with SFM, and the ion‐impregnated YSZ‐SFM composite oxygen electrodes showed excellent performance. For a voltage of 1.2 V, the electrolysis current was 223 mA cm−2, 327 mA cm−2 and 310 mA cm−2 at 750 °C for the YSZ‐SFM10, YSZ‐SFM20, and YSZ‐SFM30 oxygen electrode, respectively. A hydrogen production rate as high as 11.46 NL h−1 has been achieved for the SOEC with the YSZ‐SFM20 electrode at 750 °C. The results demonstrate that YSZ‐SFM fabricated by impregnating the YSZ matrix with SFM is a promising composite electrode for the SOEC.
The Operation of HT‐PEM Fuel Cells Coupled to Lithium Ion Batteries in a Fleet of Light Passenger Vehicles
Authors: Hall W. J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHigh temperature polymer electrolyte membrane (HT‐PEM) fuel cells offer some advantages over their low temperature equivalent, but there have been relatively few reports into their use in vehicles. This paper describes the power train design and operation of a fleet of Microcab H2EV vehicles. The power train consisted of a HT‐PEM fuel cell coupled via a DC/DC convertor to a lithium iron phosphate traction battery, which was then connected to two Lynch motors. The integration and operation of all the major power train components is described. Also described here is the vehicle control unit that uses digital and analog communications to provide overall management of the vehicle. Details are given of all the safety systems designed into the vehicle. Some data describing the performance of the H2EV power‐train during typical drive cycles is presented, which shows that the system was functional. It is concluded that HT‐PEM fuel cell light vehicles are viable, but the heating and cooling time of the fuel cell needs to be significantly reduced.
Electrochemical Performance of Nd1.95NiO4+δ Cathode supported Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Laguna‐Bercero M. A. , Luebbe H. , Silva J. , Van herle J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNd1.95NiO4+δ (NNO) cathode supported microtubular cells were fabricated and characterized. This material presents superior oxygen transport properties in comparison with other commonly used cathode materials. The supporting tubes were fabricated by cold isostatic pressing (CIP) using NNO powders and corn starch as pore former. The electrolyte (GDC, gadolinia doped ceria based) was deposited by wet powder spraying (WPS) on top of pre‐sintered tubes and then co‐sintered. Finally, a NiO/GDC suspension was dip‐coated and sintered as the anode. Optimization of the cell fabrication process is shown. Power densities at 750 °C of ∼40 mWcm−2 at 0.5V were achieved. These results are the first electrochemical measurements reported using NNO cathode‐supported microtubular cells. Further developments of the fabrication process are needed for this type of cells in order to compete with the standard microtubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC).
Impact of human papillomavirus and smoking on survival outcomes after transoral robotic surgery
Authors: Stucken Chaz L. , de Almeida John R. , Sikora Andrew G. , Tong Charles C. L. , Genden Eric M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate oncologic outcomes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) based on human papillomavirus (HPV) and smoking risk factors.MethodsFifty‐five patients with HNSCC treated with TORS, neck dissection, +/‐ adjuvant chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy were retrospectively analyzed based on HPV and smoking status.ResultsSmokers and nonsmokers had locoregional control rates of 96.3% and 94.4% (p = .66) and progression‐free survival rates 83% and 94.1% (p = .09), respectively. HPV‐negative and HPV‐positive patients had locoregional control rates of 87.1% and 100% (p = .03) and progression‐free survival rates of 74.2% and 95.2% (p = .01), respectively. Locoregional control rates for HPV‐negative smokers, HPV‐negative nonsmokers, HPV‐positive smokers, and HPV‐positive nonsmokers were 90.9%, 80.0%, 100%, and 100% (p = .18), whereas progression‐free survival rates were 72.2%, 80.0%, 92.3%, and 100% (p = .04), respectively.ConclusionHPV status may be more important than smoking status in determining the risk of disease recurrence and death in patients treated with TORS. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 380–386, 2016
Establishment and characterization of a human papillomavirus type 16–positive tonsillar carcinoma xenograft in BALB/c nude mice
Authors: Letsolo Boitelo T. , Faust Helena , Ekblad Lars , Wennerberg Johan , Forslund Ola 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundAmong head and neck cancers, human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is associated with tonsillar carcinomas. Despite this, no HPV16‐positive tonsillar cancer cell line has been established in nude mice.MethodsFresh tonsillar carcinoma biopsies were obtained from 23 patients and implanted subcutaneously into nude mice (BALB/c, nu/nu).ResultsAfter 7 months, one xenograft was established. The primary tumor harbored 2.7 copies (95% confidence interval = 2.4–2.9) of HPV16/cell and displayed 99.9% (7904/7906) nucleotide identity to HPV16 (EU118173.1). The xenograft showed increased methylation in two E2‐binding sites of the HPV16 genome. Both episomal and integrated HPV16 were detected in the original tumor and in 14 xenografts from the second passage. From this passage, a viral load of 6.4 copies/cell (range = 4.6–9.6) and 3.7 (range = 1.0–5.5) E7‐mRNA transcripts/HPV16‐genome were detected.ConclusionThis xenograft represents the first established HPV16‐positive tonsillar tumor in nude mice and could provide an experimental system of HPV16‐positive tonsillar cancers. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 417–425, 2016
Charcoal Hemoperfusion for Theophylline Overdose: Case Report and Proposal for Predicting Treatment Time
Authors: Burgess Ellen , Sargious Peter 
Published: October 2014

Charcoal hemoperfusion is effective in the treatment of theophylline overdose. Estimation of the time required for charcoal hemoperfusion has been based on personal experience and judgment. We used pharmacokinetic data from a patient and from case reports to generate a formula for predicting treatment time. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using model‐independent analysis of concentration‐time curves from two treatments of charcoal hemoperfusion. These values were compared with published data and incorporated into a formula that was derived from the elimination rate constant to estimate treatment time of charcoal hemoperfusion:Time (min) = (ln conci ‐ ln concd)/0.0057where the concentration of theophylline is in μmol/L. The formula may be valid in patients in whom the serum theophylline concentration is less than or equal to 516 μmol/L or 92 mg/L. It may be used as a guide to estimate the length of charcoal hemoperfusion in the treatment of theophylline toxicity. Its validation requires implementation and evaluation in future cases.
d‐α‐tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate‐containing vehicles provide no detectable chemoprotection from oxidative damage
Authors: Baumgart Bethany R. , Van Vleet Terry R. , Simic Damir , Salcedo Theodora W. , Lentz Kimberley , Donegan Michael , Davies Marc H. , Bunch Roderick T. , Sanderson Thomas P. , Lange Robert W. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate potential protective effects of vehicles containing d‐α‐tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS), which may impact nonclinical safety assessments of oxidative processes. This was achieved by evaluating plasma, liver and adrenal gland concentrations of d‐α‐tocopheryl succinate (TS) and d‐α‐tocopherol as well as oxidative status of plasma following oral dosing of TPGS‐containing vehicles, intraperitoneal (IP) dosing of TS or ex vivo treatment of blood with H2O2. Male and female rats were dosed orally with formulations containing 5% or 40% TPGS (70 or 550 mg kg–1 day–1 TS, respectively) for 1 week. A control group was dosed orally with polyethylene glycol‐400 (PEG‐400; no vitamin E) and positive control animals received a single 100 mg kg–1 day–1 IP injection of TS. Whole blood from untreated animals was treated ex vivo with 5 or 50 mm H2O2, with or without TS (0.5, 5, 50 or 500 μm) or ascorbate (1 mm), for 1 h. Oral TPGS treatments did not affect d‐α‐tocopherol concentrations in plasma or adrenal glands and caused only transient increases in liver. Concentrations of TS in plasma, liver and adrenal glands were undetectable in control animals, but increased in all other groups. Oral administration of TPGS did not reduce plasma lipid peroxidation in vivo. Substantially greater TS concentrations used ex vivo (100× greater than in vivo) were also unable to reduce lipid peroxidation in H2O2‐treated whole blood. These results provide evidence that administration of oral TPGS vehicles is unlikely to impact nonclinical safety assessments of pharmaceuticals. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.