bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DISSECT: an assignment-free Bayesian discovery method for species delimitation under the multispecies coalescent
Authors: Jones Graham , Oxelman Bengt 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMotivationThe multispecies coalescent model provides a formal framework for the assignment of individual organisms to species, where the species are modeled as the branches of the species tree. None of the available approaches so far have simultaneously co-estimated all the relevant parameters in the model, without restricting the parameter space by requiring a guide tree and/or prior assignment of individuals to clusters or species.ResultsWe present DISSECT, which explores the full space of possible clusterings of individuals and species tree topologies in a Bayesian framework. It uses an approximation to avoid the need for reversible-jump MCMC, in the form of a prior that is a modification of the birth-death prior for the species tree. It incorporates a spike near zero in the density for node heights. The model has two extra parameters: one controls the degree of approximation, and the second controls the prior distribution on the numbers of species. It is implemented as part of BEAST and requires only a few changes from a standard *BEAST analysis. The method is evaluated on simulated data and demonstrated on an empirical data set. The method is shown to be insensitive to the degree of approximation, but quite sensitive to the second parameter, suggesting that large numbers of sequences are needed to draw firm conclusions.Availabilityhttp://code.google.com/p/beast-mcmc/,http://www.indriid.com/dissectinbeast.htmlContactart@gjones.name,http://www.indriid.comSupplementary informationSupplementary material is available.
Rice Fertilization-Independent Endosperm1 Regulates Seed Size under Heat Stress by Controlling Early Endosperm Development
Authors: Folsom Jing J. , Begcy Kevin , Hao Xiaojuan , Wang Dong , Walia Harkamal 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Although heat stress reduces seed size in rice (Oryza sativa), little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed reduction in seed size and yield. To elucidate the mechanistic basis of heat sensitivity and reduced seed size, we imposed a moderate (34°C) and a high (42°C) heat stress treatment on developing rice seeds during the postfertilization stage. Both stress treatments reduced the final seed size. At a cellular level, the moderate heat stress resulted in precocious endosperm cellularization, whereas severe heat-stressed seeds failed to cellularize. Initiation of endosperm cellularization is a critical developmental transition required for normal seed development, and it is controlled by Polycomb Repressive Complex2 (PRC2) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We observed that a member of PRC2 called Fertilization-Independent Endosperm1 (OsFIE1) was sensitive to temperature changes, and its expression was negatively correlated with the duration of the syncytial stage during heat stress. Seeds from plants overexpressing OsFIE1 had reduced seed size and exhibited precocious cellularization. The DNA methylation status and a repressive histone modification of OsFIE1 were observed to be temperature sensitive. Our data suggested that the thermal sensitivity of seed enlargement could partly be caused by altered epigenetic regulation of endosperm development during the transition from the syncytial to the cellularized state.
Dimethylammonium tetraaqua(hydrogensulfato)sulfatocuprate(II)
Authors: Held Peter 
Published: March 2014

In the title salt, [(CH3)2NH2][Cu(HSO4)(SO4)(H2O)4], one type of cation and anion is present in the asymmetric unit. The CuIIatom in the complex anion, [Cu(HSO4)(SO4)(H2O)4]−, has a tetragonal bipyramidal [4 + 2] coordination caused by a Jahn–Teller distortion, with the aqua ligands in equatorial and two O atoms of tetrahedral HSO4and SO4units in apical positions. Both types of ions form sheets parallel to (010). The interconnection within and between the sheets is reinforced by O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds, respectively, involving the water molecules, the two types of sulfate anions and the ammonium groups.
Unaccompanied children living in transitional houses – voices from Sweden
Authors: Malmsten Jenny 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to show how unaccompanied minors perceive the time they spend in transitional houses in Malmö in southern Sweden. An important outlook when presenting the empiric data is to provide the perspective of the child, not just to have a child perspective (i.e. an adult perspective on children's experiences).

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is the result of interviews with 11 unaccompanied boys living in transitional houses, i.e., group homes. The theoretical section has two purposes, to describe the Swedish context and the ambivalent discourse regarding immigrants in Sweden and to give a background on aspects that are relevant to understand unaccompanied minors situation.

Findings
– Even though many unaccompanied minors suffer from psychological difficulties and worries about the asylum process, the interviews show that the children in this study are generally content with the transitional houses. The staff strives to support them in coping with daily life, and strengthen their sense of coherence.

Research limitations/implications
– Since unaccompanied minors do not have family close by, the interviews shows the importance in different sorts of activities to promote wellbeing. A stronger focus on participation could also be a way of reinforcing the children's sense of coherence.

Originality/value
– This paper gives an insight to life in transitional houses from unaccompanied minors point of view.
Making sense of the lack of evidence discourse, power and knowledge in the field of sport for development
Authors: Adams Andrew , Harris Kevin 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore and analyse the power dynamics and vested interest groups that shape the lack of evidence discourse, which is critical of the way evidence is produced within and for the sport for development (SFD) field. This examination recognises that an understanding of the dominant neoliberal context within which SFD is located is critical.Design/methodology/approach– Using a Foucauldian conceptual framework, power, knowledge and discourse relating to political actors in SFD – funders, policy makers, academics and sport development practitioners (SDPs) – are assessed. This paper addresses two key questions: How is the lack of evidence discourse constructed, and what is its impact? And whose interests are served in the interpretation, generation and reporting of evidence?Findings– This paper concludes that although in a Foucauldian sense power surrounding evidence is everywhere, the neo liberal context, which situates SFD, favours the privileging of evidence discourses associated with and derived from funding organisations, political and academic interest groups to the detriment of evidence discourses associated with SDPs. Clearly then there is a major tension concerning knowledge transfer, power and process, and the way that evidence can be used to inform practice.Originality/value– The paper attempts to highlight the power dynamics influencing the way evidence is produced within SFD and that much is needed to move the field forward in a more united approach for what counts as evidence for all political actors.
Do public sector mergers (re)shape reputation?
Authors: L. Luoma-aho Vilma , E. Makikangas Mirja 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The public sector worldwide is under pressure to downsize, which has led to mergers of public sector organisations. This paper seeks to bridge the unstudied gap of what happens to organisational reputation after a merger. The paper discusses change and reputation in the public sector, and reports findings of a longitudinal study on stakeholder assessments of four public sector organisations undergoing mergers recently.

Design/methodology/approach
– Following a theory-driven content analysis, this longitudinal study compares stakeholder assessments of four public sector organisations' reputations a year before an organisational merger with assessments of the two resulting organisations' reputations two years after the merger.

Findings
– The paper finds that the mergers did not really re-shape reputation, but the once established reputation persevered. Although the organisations faced greater expectations after the merger, only minor changes in reputation were detected post-merger: the reputation for expertise, heavy bureaucracy and trustworthiness remained strong after the merger, but certain traits, such as being international and esteemed, were lost. In both cases, one organisation's prior reputation slightly dominated the new reputation.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings may be limited to Finland and other Nordic countries, as well as those countries where trust in the public sector is high.

Practical implications
– Mergers may not change once-established reputations, and hence the improvements desired by mergers may go unnoticed by the different stakeholders. Organisations merging must prepare for increased stakeholder expectations, as the new organisations arise questions. Previous organisational traits may remain in stakeholders' assessments despite any achieved improvements.

Originality/value
– This paper addresses the gap in studying organisational reputation after public sector mergers, and contributes to both theory and practice by providing insight into the stability of once-established reputations.
EU entrepreneurial learning: perspectives of university students
Authors: Spiteri Simeon , Maringe Felix 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– This study addresses the issue of teaching in entrepreneurship courses in selected European universities in Malta and the UK. The paper aims to explore the views of students in different educational institutions about their understanding of entrepreneurship and the pedagogical aspects of teaching it.

Design/methodology/approach
– Qualitative case study data were collected through one-to-one interviews with 31 students engaged in entrepreneurship course in four educational institutions in Malta and the UK.

Findings
– Students identified four essential components that reflect the nature of entrepreneurial education. These consist of pedagogy, content, assessment and role model lecturer. Pedagogy of entrepreneurial courses was broadly seen as a mixture of traditional teaching and entrepreneurial learning. Students showed a preference for content aimed at developing creativity in practice-based situations. Preferred assessment strategies included individual assignments perceived as useful to deepen the concepts learned and stimulate individual thinking. Role model lecturers are inspiring to students. They should be individuals that are creative, have experience in entrepreneurial roles and hold academic knowledge that is useful to teach about entrepreneurship. There were variations in the views expressed by different groups of students interviewed in this study.

Research limitations/implications
– Due to the relatively small sample sizes, this study has limited generalisability implying the need for similar research more broadly across other universities in Europe.

Practical implications
– The study proposes a model for enhancing the teaching of entrepreneurial courses in universities in Europe. The model comprises teaching pedagogies responsive to the student learning needs; application of features present in the KTP model and proposes a structure for determining worthwhile knowledge that should be delivered in adherence to students learning needs.

Originality/value
– This study expands the understanding of the learning process of students and provides a methodological framework that can be used to research entrepreneurial education.
Are we committed to teach entrepreneurship in business school?
Authors: H. Trivedi Rohit 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– Despite large number of universities and institutions offering management degrees and interest in the field of entrepreneurship, very less is known about the perception of business lecturers regarding the subject of entrepreneurship, dominant pedagogy, their commitment to teaching and institutional support. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Considering this, the study was carried out with structured questionnaire among 232 lecturers of business management from selected management schools of these three South Asian countries, India, Singapore and Malaysia.

Findings
– In response to chief objective of the study, i.e. commitment of lecturers to teach entrepreneurship, it was found that almost 85 per cent of the respondents have shown that they feel fully committed to teach entrepreneurship and almost 35 per cent of the respondents feel that they will be unwilling to exchange current entrepreneurship teaching for teaching in other subjects. In the same vein, almost 50 per cent of the lecturers agree that their institution is keen to develop entrepreneurship education. However, in relation to training and staff development, it is found that almost 38 per cent of the lecturers have not received such a support.

Originality/value
– The study provides insight about the level of commitment that business lecturers depict to teach entrepreneurship and resources provided to them by their institute to engage in entrepreneurship education.
Chain store retailing in Ireland: a case study of F.W. Woolworth & Co. Ltd, 1914-2008
Authors: Walsh Barbara 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a view of how a retail chain store and its marketing strategies impacted on shopping habits in twentieth century Ireland.

Design/methodology/approach
– Primary and secondary sources include company documents, oral history and press reports. Background social, political and economic factors are considered in conjunction with the methods this firm used to build customer-driven managed marketing systems and teams of good staff relationships.

Findings
– Woolworth's Irish stores responded to changing tastes and needs of consumers throughout Ireland. The Irish market required skilful techniques to overcome widening divisions within customer profiles to accommodate increasing north-south and urban-rural patterns. Welcomed by shoppers of all ages and genders, this firm's contribution to Ireland's retailing and wider commercial scene was innovative, popular, flexible and influential.

Originality/value
– The overview of this well-known retail chain store's experience in twentieth century Ireland can provide scholars with building blocks on which to expand knowledge and develop further understanding of a largely un-tapped field of research within the history of marketing in Ireland.
“For a colleen's complexion”: soap and the politicization of a brand personality, 1888-1916
Authors: Philip O'Connor John 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to examine how the “colleen” archetype was used in the creation of a successful brand personality for a range of soap manufactured in Ireland during the early twentieth century. It reveals the commercial and political agendas behind this move and the colleen's later application to Ulster unionist graphic propaganda against Home Rule between 1914 and 1916.

Design/methodology/approach
– This case study is based on an analysis of primary and secondary sources; the former encompassing both graphic advertising material and ephemera.

Findings
– This paper demonstrates how contemporary pictorial advertising for colleen soap was suffused with text and imagery propounding Ulster's preservation within the UK. It also suggests that the popularity of this brand personality may have been a factor in the colleen's appropriation for propaganda purposes by certain strands within Ulster unionism.

Originality/value
– This paper is based on original research that expands the historical corpus of Irish visual representation, while also adding notably to discourses within the History of Marketing and Women's History.
ICT and sustainable tourism development: an innovative perspective
Authors: Ali Alisha , J. Frew Andrew 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– The aim of this research is to foreground information and communication technology (ICT) as an innovative approach for sustainable tourism (ST) development of destinations. ICT is the technology required for information processing which facilitates data processing, information sharing, communication, searching and selection. This paper concentrates on the Abernathy and Clark model and its usefulness in applying ICT as innovative in managing ST.Design/methodology/approach– An online survey was administered to destination managers and to eTourism experts. Destination managers were selected as they were identified as the person responsible for the overall management of a Destination Management Organisation. eTourism experts were identified as someone who possesses special expertise, knowledge and skills on ICT applications to tourism and offered expertise on which ranged from such areas as electronic distribution, recommender systems, user-generated content, online communities, mobile technology, technology acceptance, tourism networks and Web 2.0. This was followed by semi-structured interviews.Findings– These ICT tools were found to be innovative for information management and distribution for critical decision-making. Innovation was fostered through the use of ICT for ST by leading to a better understanding of the tourism product, monitoring, measuring and evaluating, forecasting trends, developing partnerships and engaging and supporting stakeholder relationships. ICT would provide novel ways of approaching marketing, energy monitoring, waste management, and communication for destinations.Originality/value– This research is important in demonstrating the value that technology can have to ST and further develops the work on tourism innovation theory.
Factors influencing the assurance of sustainability reports in the context of the economic crisis in Portugal
Authors: Castelo Branco Manuel , Delgado Catarina , Ferreira Gomes Sónia , Cristina Pereira Eugénio Teresa 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– The paper aims to analyse the engagement in sustainability reporting assurance (SRA) by a sample of Portuguese firms between 2008 and 2011.Design/methodology/approach– Bivariate and multivariate non-parametric statistics is used to analyse some factors that influence the decision to have sustainability reports assured.Findings– Results indicate that size, leverage, profitability, listing status and industrial affiliation are determinants of SRA, whereas type of ownership is not. A downward trend in sustainability reporting and its assurance was also detected.Research limitations/implications– The sample is small.Originality/value– It adds to the scarce research on SRA by providing new empirical data in a context of crisis and extends prior research by analysing the effects of listing status and type of ownership.
Guidance on internal audit's interface with regulators
Authors: D. Chambers Andrew 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify and interpret expectations of regulators about the interface between regulators and internal audit.

Design/methodology/approach
– Contemporary pronouncements are subjected to a content analysis about the relationship demands that regulators place upon internal audit. Comparison is made with internal auditing standards. The paper identifies the significant challenges and considers the future.

Findings
– Regulators are increasingly prescriptive about what they expect from internal audit. The scope of internal audit work must cover all matters of interest to the regulator. Internal audit is now regarded as part of the supervisory process. Unlike financial reporting and external auditing, there is no attempt to regulate the setting of internal audit standards, but regulators themselves are enunciating internal audit requirements that go beyond the standards.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper draws mainly upon developments in the financial sector, which is leading the way in prescribing the interface between regulator and internal audit.

Practical implications
– The enhanced requirements of regulators impact upon internal audit's other relationships on the internal audit universe and scope, and on staffing internal audit.

Originality/value
– This is the first attempt to synthesise what regulators currently require from their relationship with internal audit, which needs to be reflected in internal audit charters and in future releases of global internal auditing standards.
Overwhelmed to action: digital preservation challenges at the under-resourced institution
Authors: Kay Rinehart Amanda , Prud'homme Patrice-Andre , Reid Huot Andrew 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the importance of beginning digital preservation efforts with restricted resources.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper presents a case study approach, which is enhanced by advice from national experts in digital preservation.

Findings
– This paper details how Milner Library digital preservation advocates have approached the task by seeking collaborations, speaking to administration, participating in national efforts and starting with small steps.

Research limitations/implications
– As a case study, this paper is limited to one institution's experience with promoting digital preservation.

Practical implications
– This paper reviews basic misconceptions about and challenges with digital preservation. Many smaller or mid-sized institutions are left out of the digital preservation conversation because they cannot begin to meet national standards with restricted resources.

Originality/value
– This paper represents small and mid-sized institutions and the challenges of digital preservation. As well, the paper includes valuable insights from national experts in digital preservation.