bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal design of battery energy storage system for a wind–diesel off‐grid power system in a remote Canadian community
Authors: Guo Li , Yu Zhouzi , Wang Chengshan , Li Fangxing , Schiettekatte Jean , Deslauriers Jean‐Claude , Bai Lingquan 
Published: August 2015

This study focuses on the design issue of battery energy storage system (BESS) for a wind–diesel off‐grid power system located in the Whapmagoostui community in Quebec, Canada. The local range of wind speed is from 0 to 24.8417 m/s, and the total yearly load demand in 2013 was 11,176 MWh. An optimal planning model is proposed in this study with the objectives of maximising the economic, environmental benefits, and reliability of the system. The battery energy capacity and the rated capacity of converter are selected as the optimal variables. In order to consider the impacts of renewable energy randomness, the uncertainty of component failures, and the power flow constraints on planning results, quasi‐steady state simulation is adopted to calculate the indices for each design scheme of BESS. The proposed optimal planning model of BESS is implemented and verified in the Whapmagoostui community. Also, a detailed analysis of several scenarios is presented. A base scenario with three diesel generators and four wind turbines is investigated, and its optimal BESS integration reduces fuel consumption by 4% and improves the average annual profit by 19%. The optimal designing of BESS enhances the economic, environmental benefits, and reliability of the wind–diesel system with high fuel prices in the Whapmagoostui community.
Recognition performance analysis of instantaneous phase and its transformed features for radar emitter identification
Authors: Ru Xiao‐Hu , Liu Zheng , Jiang Wen‐Li , Huang Zhi‐Tao 
Published: August 2015

Instantaneous phase (IP) feature is a time‐varying curve describing the unintentional modulation on the phase. IP is a basic feature for identifying different radar emitters, and mostly other features can always be obtained from its transformations. Thus an important issue is to choose a suitable transformation of IP which can achieve the best recognition performance, more specifically, the highest recognition ratio. Heretofore, the recognition ratios of transformed IP features were derived basically through experiments, lacking theoretical calculation and analysis. In this study, the authors first extract the IP feature from a given radar pulse, and then propose a unified model for various transformations of IP. After that, they calculate the recognition ratio theoretically based on this model. Subsequently, they prove that any linear transformation, such as derivative, smoothing, and linear dimensionality reduction cannot improve the recognition performance compared to the original IP. They also find the essentially mathematical reasons of the seemingly unimaginable results. Finally, they validate the analysis results through both computer simulations and experiments on measured data collected from 120 radar emitters in the real environment. This work provides a theoretical basis for feature extraction and feature assessment in radar emitter identification.
Evaluation of rodents’ respiratory activity using a bioradar
Authors: Anishchenko Lesya , Gennarelli Gianluca , Tataraidze Alexander , Gaysina Ekatherina , Soldovieri Francesco , Ivashov Sergey 
Published: August 2015

The estimation of breathing activity of laboratory animals after drug administration attracts considerable interest in the context of the pharmacological experimentation. So far, this task has been mostly accomplished by means of expensive and cumbersome procedures requiring the application of sensors on the animal body. In this study, the authors present a feasibility study on the possible usage of bioradar devices for contactless monitoring the respiratory rhythm of living rodents. Experiments are performed in laboratory conditions on sleeping rats by using a continuous wave Doppler radar operating at 13.8 GHz. The recorded signals are processed by means of a data processing strategy, based on a novel motion artefacts filtering procedure, with the final aim to characterise the breathing pattern variability during the sleep phases. The achieved results are consistent with biological information available from the literature confirming the potential application of bioradiolocation instead of standard on‐body monitoring methods.
High photocatalytic and photo‐Fenton‐like activities of ZnO–reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites in the degradation of malachite green in water
Authors: He H.‐Y. , Fei J. , Lu J. 
Published: August 2015

ZnO–reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites with rGO/ZnO mass ratio of 0–0.20 were synthesised by a hydrothermal method. The photodegradation experiments of malachite green in water on the nanocomposites indicated that the photodegradation rate increased with increasing rGO content and initial solution pH. Significantly, the Fenton‐like photodegradation of the malachite green in water was observed in the presence of H2O2. This Fenton‐like reaction speeds up as the rGO/ZnO ratio increases. The quasi‐kinetic rate constants of the photocatalysis systems are in the range of ∼0.0064–0.0247 min−1 and increase about one magnitude to ∼0.0868–0.2120 min−1 by the Fenton‐like reaction.
Soft‐lithography of ordered block copolymer nanostructures
Authors: Longaresi Rafael Henriques , Pereira‐da‐Silva Marcelo A. 
Published: August 2015

Block copolymers have attracted much attention since they can be applied to create micro and nanoscale structures because of the different aggregation structures that compose them. Proposed is a route to create templates from poly(styrene)‐b‐poly(ethane‐co‐butene)‐b‐poly(styrene) (SEBS) nanostructures to be used in patterning surfaces, electrodes or thin polymer films. A thin liquid film of SEBS/toluene solution was deposited by a dip‐coating procedure and, after the solvent evaporation, SEBS ordered structures were spontaneously displayed in a hexagonal arrangement. The moulding template (a negative copy of the prime SEBS structures) was made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and lastly a replica in epoxy was successfully achieved and the original hexagonal pattern was formed with reasonable accuracy. All structures were studied by atomic force microscopy images in tapping mode. The SEBS nanostructures were characterised with a diameter (height) of 914 nm (38 nm) whereas with the PDMS template it was 749 nm (29 nm). The epoxy replica presented a diameter (height) of 553 nm (21 nm). All the process (nanostructure, template and replica) showed 80% fidelity when compared with the previous step, demonstrating the possibilities of using this lithography process as an efficient patterning tool of electrodes and film surfaces.
Facile interfacial synthesis of silica/titania mesoporous microcapsules via in situ miniemulsification process
Authors: Song Yuanyuan , Zhang Zhili , Tan Shen , Zhang Jianan , Wu Mingyuan , Wu Qingyun , Yang Jianjun 
Published: August 2015

A facile and flexible technique is described for the fabrication of silica/titania microcapsules from stable miniemulsion droplets. Bis (2,4‐pentanedionato)‐bis (2‐propanolato) titanium (IV) (PDPT), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and γ –(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate and/are restricted in miniemulsion microreactor droplets via a miniemulsification process, are stabilised by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecane. After the addition of triethylamine, silica/titania shells are formed in situ by the hydrolysis–condensation at the interfaces of miniemulsion droplets because of the dramatical decrease of the original TEOS and PDPT volume. The mesoporous silica/titania microcapsules are about 1 μm with average pore size of 5.2 nm and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area is 312.0 cm2/g. The biocompatible and mesoporous nature of microcapsules promises an ideal vehicle for catalyst and drug delivery.
Facile approach to generating polymeric nanoarrays containing populations of nanoparticles
Authors: Marques Leonel , Chen Xinyong , Roberts Clive J. , Clark Matthew , Aylott Jonathan W. 
Published: August 2015

The production of nanoarrays containing a population of entrapped, heterogeneous nanoparticles is reported. The nanoarray consists of a nanoporous film with pores of diameter 60–180 nm, formed from the phase separation of two immiscible polymers: polystyrene (PS) and polymethylmethacrylate coated onto glass or silicon wafer. Nanoparticles of PS (120 nm) and silica (90 nm) were deposited into the nanoporous films to generate the nanoarray containing a mixed population of nanoparticles.
Effect of plasma treatment on self‐cleaning of textile fabric using titanium dioxide
Authors: Shahidi Sheila , Ahmadi Mohammad , Rashidi Abosaeed , Ghoranneviss Mahmood 
Published: August 2015

Self‐cleaning textiles are attracting increasing attention and the properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) are very important in achieving this goal. The aim of this reported project is to enhance the TiO2 absorption rate on the surface of polyester fabrics using plasma treatment in order to achieve and conduct the durable self‐cleaning property more efficiently. In this work, vacuum plasma apparatus (DC magnetron sputtering) was used. Samples were plasma treated for 30 s, 1, 2, 4 and 6 min. Then, the samples were impregnated with TiO2. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray analyses were used for observing TiO2 particles on the surface of the samples. Finally, the samples were stained using methylene blue and were exposed to daylight for 12 h and the self‐cleaning properties were examined. The samples were scanned before and after being placed under light. A water drop test was also performed. Absorption of TiO2 in the raw sample was less than that of the plasma‐treated samples. By increasing the duration of operation, the absorption rate was greater. The results showed the self‐cleaning property and good stability for plasma‐treated samples.
Synthesis of gold nanorods with longitudinal surface plasmon resonance wavelength up to 1245 nm using gallic acid as a reductant in the presence of a binary surfactant system
Authors: Li Min , Gong Hongmei , Zhou Rui , Zhou Tianyuan , Tao Qian 
Published: August 2015

Gold nanorods with the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) wavelength up to 1245 nm are obtained by using an improved seed‐mediated wet chemistry growth method where gallic acid is used as a reductant in the presence of a binary surfactant system. The effects of the gallic acid and the seed on the synthesised gold nanorods are investigated by ultraviolet–visible–near infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is found that by increasing the gallic acid amount from 200 to 600 μL, the LSPR wavelength shifts from 975 to 1170 nm; at the same time, the absorption intensity of both the transverse surface plasmon resonance and LSPR increases, indicating a more complete reduction of chloroauric acid. To achieve a longer wavelength of the gold nanorods’ LSPR peak, the seed amount was changed to a condition of 600 μL gallic acid. A redshift of the LSPR wavelength from 1135 to 1245 nm can be obtained as the seed amount increases from 30 to 70 μL. Furthermore, it was found that the redshift of the LSPR peak with increasing seed amount is in accordance with the increase trend of the aspect ratio obtained by analysing the dimensions of the gold nanorods through the TEM images. The method offers a new strategy to obtain gold nanorods with tunable LSPR wavelengths, which have wide application in many areas, such as biosensing and ultrafast optical information.
Target cells capture and detection based on a surface plasmon resonance biosensor
Authors: Chen X. , Zhang L.L. , Cui D.F. , Ge S. , Zhang J. , Qiu X. 
Published: August 2015

A novel and effective method for target cells capture and detection is developed in a label‐free and real‐time mode. The cultured cell line (TZM‐bl) expressed as CD4+ was used as the positive CD4+ T lymphocytes for target cells capture and detection experiments. The target cells were captured on various surfaces (such as glass, polydimethylsiloxane, and metal) based on a specific immunity method. The gold surface of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing chip modified with a nano denaturalised bovine serum albumin layer had the best capture capacity. A total of 90.9% positive CD4+ T lymphocytes were captured with a slow flow rate of 5 µl/min, whereas 84.1% of cells were kept with a fast flow rate of 2 ml/min. Furthermore, the captured positive cells on the SPR sensing chip were detected on‐line by using author’s home‐made SPR biosensor. From the experimental results, 75 cells/µl could produce an obvious change in the SPR response signal, which holds great potential for target cells capture, reorganisation and further analysis of CD4+ T lymphocytes in human peripheral blood.
Effects of Rearing Density on Total Length and Survival of Lake Sturgeon Free Embryos
Authors: Bauman John M , Baker Edward A , Marsh Terry L , Scribner Kim T 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Experiments were conducted to identify aquaculture conditions that improve the growth and survival of free-embryo Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens. We quantified the effects of rearing density, family, and dissolved oxygen concentration on free-embryo TL and survival to the time of emergence. Experiments were conducted using free embryos from two full-sibling families that were reared in four densities in 3.0-L aquaria. A significant density and family effect on free-embryo TL at emergence was documented. Total length (22.9 ± 0.16 mm [mean ± SE]) at emergence for a rearing density of 9,688 individuals/m2 was significantly greater than the mean TL for rearing densities of 19,375 and 32,292 individuals/m2 (22.4 ± 0.14 mm and 21.8 ± 0.17 mm, respectively). Mean TL at emergence differed significantly between families (22.8 ± 0.13 mm versus 22.1 ± 0.11 mm). Mean dissolved oxygen concentration (mg/L) decreased significantly as a function of increasing fish density. Mean dissolved oxygen concentration (7.89 ± 0.004 mg/L) for densities with 3,229 individuals/m2 was significantly greater than the mean dissolved oxygen concentration for densities with 19,375 and 32,292 individuals/m2 (7.77 ± 0.018 mg/L and 7.71 ± 0.035 mg/L, respectively). Mean proportional survival to emergence decreased as rearing density increased (0.976 ± 0.008 versus 0.928 ± 0.023; P = 0.97) from the 9,688-individuals/m2 treatment to the 32,292-individuals/m2 treatment. There was no significant difference in survival between families. Results reveal that the rearing density of free embryos should be considered because of its effects on TL and, to a lesser extent, survival at emergence. These results are useful for the development of standard operating procedures in traditional and conservation aquaculture facilities where free embryos are raised.
Mutadelic: mutation analysis using description logic inferencing capabilities
Authors: Holford Matthew E. , Krauthammer Michael 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Motivation: As next generation sequencing gains a foothold in clinical genetics, there is a need for annotation tools to characterize increasing amounts of patient variant data for identifying clinically relevant mutations. While existing informatics tools provide efficient bulk variant annotations, they often generate excess information that may limit their scalability.
Results: We propose an alternative solution based on description logic inferencing to generate workflows that produce only those annotations that will contribute to the interpretation of each variant. Workflows are dynamically generated using a novel abductive reasoning framework called a basic framework for abductive workflow generation (AbFab). Criteria for identifying disease-causing variants in Mendelian blood disorders were identified and implemented as AbFab services. A web application was built allowing users to run workflows generated from the criteria to analyze genomic variants. Significant variants are flagged and explanations provided for why they match or fail to match the criteria.
Availability and implementation: The Mutadelic web application is available for use at http://krauthammerlab.med.yale.edu/mutadelic.
Contact: michael.krauthammer@yale.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Preemptive Antifungal Therapy for the Prevention of Invasive Candidiasis Following Gastrointestinal Surgery for Intra-abdominal Infections
Authors: Knitsch Wolfgang , Vincent Jean-Louis , Utzolino Stefan , François Bruno , Dinya Tamás , Dimopoulos George , Özgüneş İlhan , Valía Juan Carlos , Eggimann Philippe , León Cristóbal , Montravers Philippe , Phillips Stephen , Tweddle Lorraine , Karas Andreas , Brown Malcolm , Cornely Oliver A. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background.  Patients undergoing emergency gastrointestinal surgery for intra-abdominal infection are at risk of invasive candidiasis (IC) and candidates for preemptive antifungal therapy.
Methods.  This exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed a preemptive antifungal approach with micafungin (100 mg/d) in intensive care unit patients requiring surgery for intra-abdominal infection. Coprimary efficacy variables were the incidence of IC and the time from baseline to first IC in the full analysis set; an independent data review board confirmed IC. An exploratory biomarker analysis was performed using logistic regression.
Results.  The full analysis set comprised 124 placebo- and 117 micafungin-treated patients. The incidence of IC was 8.9% for placebo and 11.1% for micafungin (difference, 2.24%; [95% confidence interval, −5.52 to 10.20]). There was no difference between the arms in median time to IC. The estimated odds ratio showed that patients with a positive (1,3)-β-d-glucan (ßDG) result were 3.66 (95% confidence interval, 1.01–13.29) times more likely to have confirmed IC than those with a negative result.
Conclusions.  This study was unable to provide evidence that preemptive administration of an echinocandin was effective in preventing IC in high-risk surgical intensive care unit patients with intra-abdominal infections. This may have been because the drug was administered too late to prevent IC coupled with an overall low number of IC events. It does provide some support for using ßDG to identify patients at high risk of IC.
Clinical Trials Registration.  NCT01122368.
High frequency of central memory regulatory T cells allows detection of liver recipients at risk of early acute rejection within the first month after transplantation
Authors: Boix-Giner Francisco , Millan Olga , San Segundo David , Muñoz-Cacho Pedro , Mancebo Esther , Llorente Santiago , Rafael-Valdivia Lourdes , Rimola Antoni , Fábrega Emilio , Mrowiec Anna , Allende Luis , Minguela Alfredo , Bolarín Jose M. , Paz-Artal Estela , López-Hoyos Marcos , Brunet Mercé , Muro Manuel 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSeveral studies have analyzed the potential of T regulatory cells (Treg cells) as biomarkers of acute rejection (AR). The aim of the present multicenter study was to correlate the percentage of peripheral Treg cells in liver graft recipients drawn at baseline up to 12 months after transplantation with the presence of AR. The percentage of central memory (cm) Treg cells (CD4 + CD25 high CD45RO + CD62L + ) was monitored at pre-transplant and at 1 and 2 weeks, and 1, 2, 3 and 6 months and 1 year post-transplantation. The same validation standard operating procedures were used in all participating centers. Fifteen patients developed AR (23.4%). Hepatitis C virus recurrence was observed in 16 recipients, who displayed low peripheral blood cmTreg levels compared with patients who did not. A steady increase of cmTregs was observed during the first month after transplantation with statistically significant differences between AR and non-AR patients. The high frequency of memory Treg cells allowed us to monitor rejection episodes during the first month post-transplantation. On the basis of these data, we developed a prediction model for assessing risk of AR that can provide clinicians with useful information for managing patients individually and customizing immunosuppressive therapies.
The mobilize center: an NIH big data to knowledge center to advance human movement research and improve mobility
Authors: Ku Joy P , Hicks Jennifer L , Hastie Trevor , Leskovec Jure , Ré Christopher , Delp Scott L 
Published: August 2015

AbstractRegular physical activity helps prevent heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and other chronic diseases, yet a broad range of conditions impair mobility at great personal and societal cost. Vast amounts of data characterizing human movement are available from research labs, clinics, and millions of smartphones and wearable sensors, but integration and analysis of this large quantity of mobility data are extremely challenging. The authors have established the Mobilize Center ( http://mobilize.stanford.edu ) to harness these data to improve human mobility and help lay the foundation for using data science methods in biomedicine. The Center is organized around 4 data science research cores: biomechanical modeling, statistical learning, behavioral and social modeling, and integrative modeling. Important biomedical applications, such as osteoarthritis and weight management, will focus the development of new data science methods. By developing these new approaches, sharing data and validated software tools, and training thousands of researchers, the Mobilize Center will transform human movement research.
Frequency and Severity of Adverse Drug Events by Medication Classes: The JADE Study
Authors: Sakuma Mio , Kanemoto Yuko , Furuse Akari , Bates David W. , Morimoto Takeshi 
Published: August 2015

Objective
Adverse drug events (ADEs) are a significant concern in daily practice; however, the profile of high-risk drugs remains unclear. Our objective was to categorize high-risk medication classes according to frequency and severity of ADEs.

Methods
The JADE study is a prospective cohort study of 3459 hospitalized adult patients. We investigated the ADEs and medications prescribed to the patients. The rate of ADEs for each medication class was calculated by dividing the number of ADEs by the number of patients who received each medication class on admission.

Results
Overall, 14,435 medications were ordered on admission for patients (median 4; interquartile range, 2–6). Electrolytes and fluids were most frequently prescribed (1876 patients, 54%). Sedatives, antibiotics, peptic ulcer drugs, and analgesics were also commonly prescribed. The frequency was similar in both elderly and younger patients. Among 1010 identified ADEs, antibiotics were most frequently associated with ADEs (31 ADEs per 100 prescribed patients on admission). In patients 65 years and older, corticosteroids, anticonvulsants, laxatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and antipsychotics were the 5 most frequent medication classes causing ADEs following antibiotics. In patients younger than 65 years, antibiotics were also the most frequent cause of ADEs, followed by laxatives, lipid-lowering agents, anticonvulsants, and corticosteroids. Among cardiovascular agent-associated ADEs, 46% were fatal or life threatening in elderly patients, whereas antihypertensives were most often associated with fatal or life-threatening ADEs (25%) in younger patients.

Conclusions
The medication classes frequently associated with ADEs did not necessarily induce severe ADEs.