bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalised intervention for people with depression and severe COPD
Authors: Alexopoulos George S. , Kiosses Dimitris N. , Sirey Jo Anne , Kanellopoulos Dora , Novitch Richard S. , Ghosh Samiran , Seirup Joanna K. , Raue Patrick J. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often complicated by depression and exemplifies the challenge in managing chronic illnesses that require active patient participation in care. In a clinical trial (NCT00151372), we compared a novel personalised intervention for depression and COPD (PID-C) targeting treatment adherence with treatment as usual (TAU). In 138 patients with major depression and severe COPD, PID-C led to a higher remission rate and a greater reduction in depressive symptoms and in dyspnoea-related disability than TAU over 28 weeks and 6 months after the last session. If replicated, PID-C may serve as a care model for patients with both depression and medical illnesses with a deteriorating course.
The Coregulator, Repressor of Estrogen Receptor Activity (REA), Is a Crucial Regulator of the Timing and Magnitude of Uterine Decidualization
Authors: Zhao Yuechao , Park Sunghee , Bagchi Milan K. , Taylor Robert N. , Katzenellenbogen Benita S. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Successful implantation and maintenance of pregnancy require the transformation of uterine endometrial stromal cells into distinct decidualized cells. Although estrogen and progesterone (P4) receptors are known to be essential for decidualization, the roles of steroid receptor coregulators in this process remain largely unknown. In this study, we have established a key role for the coregulator, repressor of estrogen receptor activity (REA), in the decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) in vitro and of the mouse uterus in vivo. Our studies revealed that the level of REA normally decreases to half as hESC decidualization proceeds and that uterine reduction of REA in transgenic heterozygous knockout mice or small interfering RNA knockdown of REA in hESC temporally accelerated and strongly enhanced the differentiation process, as indicated by changes in cell morphology and increased expression of biomarkers of decidualization, including P4 receptor. Findings in hESC cultured in vitro with estradiol, P4, and 8-bromo-cAMP over a 10-day period mirrored observations of enhanced decidualization response in transgenic mice with heterozygous deletion of REA. Importantly, gene expression and immunohistochemical analyses revealed changes in multiple components of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway, including marked up-regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and IL-11, master regulators of decidualization, and the down-regulation of several suppressor of cytokine signaling family members, upon reduction of REA. The findings highlight that REA physiologically restrains endometrial stromal cell decidualization, controlling the timing and magnitude of decidualization to enable proper coordination of uterine differentiation with concurrent embryo development that is essential for implantation and optimal fertility.
Delayed Puberty but Normal Fertility in Mice With Selective Deletion of Insulin Receptors From Kiss1 Cells
Authors: Qiu Xiaoliang , Dowling Abigail R. , Marino Joseph S. , Faulkner Latrice D. , Bryant Benjamin , Brüning Jens C. , Elias Carol F. , Hill Jennifer W. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Pubertal onset only occurs in a favorable, anabolic hormonal environment. The neuropeptide kisspeptin, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, modifies GnRH neuronal activity to initiate puberty and maintain fertility, but the factors that regulate Kiss1 neurons and permit pubertal maturation remain to be clarified. The anabolic factor insulin may signal nutritional status to these neurons. To determine whether insulin sensing plays an important role in Kiss1 neuron function, we generated mice lacking insulin receptors in Kiss1 neurons (IRΔKiss mice). IRΔKiss females showed a delay in vaginal opening and in first estrus, whereas IRΔKiss males also exhibited late sexual maturation. Correspondingly, LH levels in IRΔKiss mice were reduced in early puberty in both sexes. Adult reproductive capacity, body weight, fat composition, food intake, and glucose regulation were comparable between the 2 groups. These data suggest that impaired insulin sensing by Kiss1 neurons delays the initiation of puberty but does not affect adult fertility. These studies provide insight into the mechanisms regulating pubertal timing in anabolic states.
Sex-specific retinal pigmentation results in sexually dimorphic long-wavelength-sensitive photoreceptors in the Eastern Pale Clouded Yellow butterfly,Colias erate
Authors: Ogawa Yuri , Kinoshita Michiyo , Stavenga Doekele G. , Arikawa Kentaro 
Published: February 2013

Summary
The compound eyes of the Eastern Pale Clouded Yellow butterfly, Colias erate, contain three types of ommatidia (I, II and III), identifiable by the differing arrangements of pigment clusters around the rhabdoms. The pigment color is red in all ommatidial types except for type II ommatidia of females, where the pigment is orange. Intracellular recordings demonstrated that the spectral sensitivities of the proximal photoreceptors (R5-8) of all ommatidia in both sexes are strongly tuned by the perirhabdomal pigments. These pigments act as long-pass filters, shifting the peak sensitivities into the wavelength range above 600 nm. Due to the sex-specific pigments in type II ommatidia, the spectral sensitivities of the R5-8 photoreceptors of females peaked at 620 nm while those in males peaked at 660 nm. The measured spectral sensitivities could be well reproduced by an optical model assuming a long-wavelength-absorbing visual pigment with peak absorbance at 565 nm. Whereas the sexual dimorphism was unequivocally demonstrated for the ventral eye region, dimorphism in the dorsal region was not found. Presumably the ventral region is adapted for sexual behaviors such as courtship and oviposition.
Ablation of the ability to control the right-to-left cardiac shunt does not affect oxygen consumption, specific dynamic action or growth in rattlesnakes,Crotalus durissus
Authors: Leite Cleo A. C. , Taylor Edwin W. , Wang Tobias , Abe Augusto S. , de Andrade Denis O. V. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryThe morphologically undivided ventricle of the heart in non-crocodilian reptiles permits the mixing of oxygen-rich blood returning from the lungs and oxygen-poor blood from the systemic circulation. A possible functional significance for this intra-cardiac shunt has been debated for almost a century. Unilateral left vagotomy rendered the single effective pulmonary artery of the South American rattlesnake, Crotalus durissus, unable to adjust the magnitude of blood flow to the lung. The higher constant perfusion of the lung circulation and the incapability of adjusting R-L shunt in left-denervated snakes persisted over time, providing a unique model for investigation of the long-term consequences of cardiac shunting in a squamate. Oxygen uptake recorded at rest, during spontaneous and forced activity, was not affected by removing control of the cardiac shunt. Furthermore, metabolic rate and energetic balance during the post-prandial metabolic increment, plus the food conversion efficiency and growth rate were all similarly unaffected. These results show that control of cardiac shunting is not associated with a clear functional advantage in adjusting metabolic rate, effectiveness of digestion or growth rates.
Topology of the Interconversion Pathway Networks of Cycloheptane Conformations and Those of Related n-Membered Rings
Authors: Goto Satoru , Komatsu Kazushi , Terada Hiroshi 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
We, a collaboration group of mathematician and chemists, previously reported that the configuration space of n-membered alicyclic compounds (n = 5, 6, and 7) is diffeomorphic to (n − 4)-dimensional surface Sn−4 (S. Goto, K. Komatsu, Hiroshima Mathematical Journal201242, 115–126). In the present work, we spread concrete conformations and their interconversion pathway networks over a conformational scattering manifold, stochastically computing the optimized conformations of the alicyclic compounds (cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and cycloheptane). The conformational scattering manifold, namely “world map” of conformation, of these compounds depends on the degree of freedom in the endocyclic torsion angles. The present computational study confirmed that the world map of cyclohexane consists of a compact two-dimensional surface S2 equivalent to a traditional ring-puckering coordinate space. We then claim the world map of cycloheptane exists in a compact three-dimensional surface S3 (3-manifold). Since these series of studies rationalizes the world map of transformation of the cyclic compound containing small-, medium-, and large-size ring portions and their various connections, it might give an opportunity to improve such medicinal resources.
Individual vs. Aggregate Preferences: The Case of a Small Fish in a Big Pond
Authors: Blackburn Douglas W. , Ukhov Andrey D. 
Published: February 2013

We study the relationship between the risk preferences of individuals and the risk preferences of the aggregate economy. To emphasize the vast differences that can occur between individual and market preferences brought about through aggregation, we assume an economy consisting entirely of risk seekers. We show that such individuals can lead to an aggregate economy that is risk averse. The converse is also true. An aggregate economy that exhibits risk aversion does not imply an economy of individual risk averters. An economy demanding a risk premium can be formed from individuals who do not demand such compensation. Understanding the relationship between the preferences of individuals and the preferences of the aggregate economy is crucial for understanding the connection between the behavioral finance literature, which focuses on individual preferences, and the asset-pricing literature, which focuses on aggregate prices. We discuss empirical implications of these results. This paper was accepted by Wei Xiong, finance.
Pirfenidone: A Novel Agent for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Potts Jason , Yogaratnam Dinesh 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the published clinical literature on the role of pirfenidone for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search was performed using the key words pirfenidone or Esbriet, alone and in combination, with IPF or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (expanded using MESH terminology). MEDLINE (1948-September 2012) was the primary database used for search purposes. In addition, all available articles and abstracts referenced by the articles identified via literature search were included. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION The search was limited to English-language publications. All available clinical trials of pirfenidone pertinent to its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety were included. DATA SYNTHESIS Pirfenidone is the first agent specifically developed for the treatment of IPF. It has been approved for use in Europe and Japan, but not in the US. Although Phase 3 trials have shown pirfenidone to improve certain clinical (6-minute walk test) and functional (change in forced vital capacity) outcomes in patients with IPF, an independent benefit on either mortality or acute exacerbation rates has yet to be demonstrated. Until more definitive supportive data are available, international guidelines have recommended against using pirfenidone to treat most patients with IPF. CONCLUSIONS Although pirfenidone appears to be an effective treatment for IPF, additional clinical trials are needed to better delineate its risk-benefit profile.
Young Women's Perceptions of the Benefits Of Childbearing: Associations with Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy
Authors: Rocca Corinne H. , Harper Cynthia C. , Raine‐Bennett Tina R. 
Published: February 2013

ContextHigh unintended pregnancy rates, and inconsistencies between reported pregnancy intentions and contraceptive behaviors, have been well documented among young U.S. women. Women's beliefs about the benefits of childbearing and motherhood may be related to the apparent disconnect between pregnancy intentions and reproductive outcomes.MethodsPerceived benefits of childbearing and feelings about a potential pregnancy were assessed among 1,377 women aged 15–24 (most of them black or Latina) participating in a longitudinal study in 2005–2008. The women, who were initiating hormonal contraception at public family planning clinics and did not want to become pregnant for one year, were followed for 12 months. Differences in perceived benefits of childbearing by participant characteristics were examined with linear regression, using a new multi‐item measure. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to investigate the association of perceived benefits of childbearing with subsequent contraceptive discontinuation and pregnancy.ResultsPerceptions of the benefits of childbearing decreased with increasing age (coefficient, –0.04), and white women perceived fewer benefits to childbearing than blacks (−0.2). As women's perception of the benefits of childbearing increased, their one‐year pregnancy rates increased, after demographic characteristics and feelings about a potential pregnancy were controlled for (hazard ratio, 1.2). Benefits of childbearing were not associated with contraceptive discontinuation.ConclusionsTo better assess pregnancy risk among young women wanting to avoid pregnancy, it may be useful to acknowledge that they hold not only explicit pregnancy desires, but also beliefs about the benefits of childbearing, which may influence sexual behavior and pregnancy.
Targeting the Circulating MicroRNA Signature of Obesity
Authors: Ortega Francisco José , Mercader Josep María , Catalán Victoria , Moreno-Navarrete José María , Pueyo Neus , Sabater Mónica , Gómez-Ambrosi Javier , Anglada Roger , Fernández-Formoso José Antonio , Ricart Wifredo , Frühbeck Gema , Fernández-Real José Manuel 
Published: February 2013

BACKGROUND
Genomic studies have yielded important insights into the pathogenesis of obesity. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are valuable biomarkers of systemic diseases and potential therapeutic targets. We sought to define the circulating pattern of miRNAs in obesity and examine changes after weight loss.

METHODS
We assessed the genomewide circulating miRNA profile cross-sectionally in 32 men and after surgery-induced weight loss in 6 morbidly obese patients. The most relevant miRNAs were cross-sectionally validated in 80 men and longitudinally in 22 patients (after surgery-induced weight loss). We evaluated the effects of diet-induced weight loss in 9 obese patients. Thirty-six circulating miRNAs were associated with anthropometric variables in the initial sample.

RESULTS
In the validation study, morbidly obese patients showed a marked increase of miR-140-5p, miR-142-3p (both P &lt; 0.0001), and miR-222 (P = 0.0002) and decreased levels of miR-532–5p, miR-125b, miR-130b, miR-221, miR-15a, miR-423-5p, and miR-520c-3p (P &lt; 0.0001 for all). Interestingly, in silico targets leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) and transforming growth factor receptor (TGFR) of miR-140-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-15a, and miR-520c-3p circulated in association with their corresponding miRNAs. Moreover, a discriminant function of 3 miRNAs (miR-15a, miR-520c-3p, and miR-423-5p) was specific for morbid obesity, with an accuracy of 93.5%. Surgery-induced (but not diet-induced) weight loss led to a marked decrease of miR-140-5p, miR-122, miR-193a-5p, and miR-16-1 and upregulation of miR-221 and miR-199a-3p (P &lt; 0.0001 for all).

CONCLUSIONS
Circulating miRNAs are deregulated in severe obesity. Weight loss–induced changes in this profile and the study of in silico targets support this observation and suggest a potential mechanistic relevance.
The Levenberg–Marquardt iteration for numerical inversion of the power density operator
Authors: Bal Guillaume , Naetar Wolf , Scherzer Otmar , Schotland John 
Published: February 2013

Abstract.
In this paper we develop a convergence analysis in an infinite dimensional setting of the Levenberg–Marquardt iteration
for the solution of a hybrid conductivity imaging problem. The problem consists in determining the spatially varying conductivity σ
from a series of measurements of power densities for various voltage inductions. Although this problem has been very well studied in the literature, convergence and regularizing properties of iterative algorithms in an
infinite dimensional setting are still rudimentary. We provide a partial result under the assumptions that the
derivative of the operator, mapping conductivities to power densities, is injective and the data is noise-free. Moreover, we implemented the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm and tested it on simulated data.
Regulation of Central Na+Detection Requires the Cooperative Action of the NaXChannel and α1 Isoform of Na+/K+-ATPase in the Na+-Sensor Neuronal Population
Authors: Berret Emmanuelle , Nehmé Benjamin , Henry Mélaine , Toth Katalin , Drolet Guy , Mouginot Didier 
Published: February 2013

The median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) holds a strategic position in the hypothalamus. It is adjacent to the third ventricle; hence, it can directly access the ionic composition of the CSF. MnPO neurons play a critical role in hydromineral homeostasis regulation by acting as central sensors of extracellular Na+concentration ([Na+]ext). The mechanism underlying Na+sensing involves the atypical Na+channel, NaX. Here we sought to determine whether Na+influx in Na+sensors is actively regulated via interaction with other membrane proteins involved in cellular Na+homeostasis, such as Na+/K+-ATPase.The Na+/K+-ATPase role was investigated using patch-clamp recordings in rat MnPO dissociated neurons. Na+current evoked with hypernatriuric solution was diminished in the absence of ATP/GTP, indicating that Na+/K+-ATPase play a central role in [Na+]extdetection. Specific blockers of α1 and α3 isoforms of Na+/K+-ATPase, ouabain or strophanthidin, inhibited this Na+current. However, strophanthidin, which selectively blocks the α1 isoform, was more effective in blocking Na+current, suggesting that the Na+/K+-ATPase-α1 isoform is specifically involved in [Na+]extdetection. Although strophanthidin did not alter either the membrane resistance or the Na+reversal potential, the conductance and the permeability of the NaXchannel decreased significantly. Our results suggest that Na+/K+-ATPase interacts with the NaXchannel and regulates the high [Na+]ext-evoked Na+current via influencing the Na+influx rate. This study describes a novel intracellular regulatory pathway of [Na+]extdetection in MnPO neurons. The α1 isoform of Na+/K+-ATPase acts as a direct regulatory partner of the NaXchannel and influences Na+influx via controlling the Na+permeability of the channel.
Rich Services — A SOA Pattern for Dynamic Change in Cyber-physical Systems
Authors: Krüger Ingolf 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are changing the way we interact with the physical world. From automotive to manufacturing to logistics to power-grid to virtual command and control, we now see widespread application of integrated, software-intensive systems of sensor/actuator networks connected to backbone cyber-infrastructures. In this document we develop Rich Services as an architectural pattern suitable for systematically designing and implementing CPS, with particular emphasis on dynamic change.
Search and Learning in the Immune System: Models of Immune Surveillance and Negative Selection
Authors: Textor Johannes 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
To protect our bodies against malicious antigens, our immune system needs to solve several difficult information processing problems. We propose algorithmic models of how the immune system finds intruding antigen as quickly and robustly as possible (a search problem) and how it reliably distinguishes proteins of foreign origin from normal host proteins (a classification problem). The analysis of these models provides novel qualitative and quantitative insights into the workings of the immune system, and yields predictions that can be tested experimentally.
Crystal structure of meso-1,4-bis-(N-(endo-himoyl)-valinate)benzene hexane- hemisolvate, C34H36N2O8·0.5C6H14, C37H43N2O8
Authors: Zhang Jing , Chu Gang , Yan Song 
Published: February 2013

Abstract C37H43N2O8, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.161(2) Å, b = 10.246(2) Å, c = 17.629(4) Å, α = 86.012(4)°, β = 78.092(4)°, γ = 73.458(4)°, V = 1721.4 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0748, wRref(F2) = 0.2160, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 2-methyl-4-(pyridin-3-yl)but-3-yn-2-ol, C10H11NO
Authors: Liu Qiao-Ru , Zhang Xiao-Li , Ma Wei , Yang Wei-Chun 
Published: February 2013

Abstract C10H11NO, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.901(2) Å, b = 13.380(4) Å, c = 11.537(3) Å, β = 95.760(5)°, V = 906.3 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0488, wRref(F2) = 0.1222, T = 298 K.
The cortisol awakening response is blunted in patients with active Cushing's disease
Authors: Ruiz Roa Silvia Liliana , Elias Paula Conde Lamparelli , Castro Margaret , Moreira Ayrton Custodio 
Published: February 2013

IntroductionCortisol awakening response (CAR) is a rapid increase of cortisol levels within 30–45 min after awakening.ObjectiveThis study evaluates CAR compared with cortisol circadian rhythm in active and in remission Cushing's disease (CD).Materials and methodsWe evaluated healthy controls (HC, n=19), obese (OB, n=10), in remission (n=08), and active CD patients (n=10). Salivary free cortisol (SF) was determined at 0800, 1100, 1700, 2000, and 2300 h on the first day. CAR was obtained the next morning immediately upon awakening and at 15, 30, 45, and 60-min post-wake up.ResultsWe observed differences in SF levels throughout the day in HC, OB, and in remission CD (ANOVA P=0.0001) but not in active CD (P=0.2). We demonstrated SF increment after awakening in HC, OB, and in remission CD (ANOVA P=0.007), with no effect of time on SF in active CD. The relative increment of SF obtained at the peak after awakening (CARi%) in the active CD (67±57%) was lower than in HC (154±107%), OB (240±188%), and in remission CD (186±184%) patients (P=0.009). There was a negative correlation between the SF at awakening and the CARi% in HC (r=−0.8), OB (r=−0.78), and in remission CD (r=−0.74) but not in active CD (r=−0.35; P=0.31).ConclusionThis study originally described a blunted CAR in active CD in contrast to its presence in HC, OB, and in remission CD. This subtle dysfunction of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis may represent a distinct and additional physiopathological phenomenon superimposing the dysregulated cortisol circadian rhythm in this disease.
Compositional Effects on the Degradation of PVD-Tisin
Authors: McArthur W. F. , Deng F. , Ring K. , Pattison P. M. , Kavanagh K. L. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTPVD-TixSiyNzfilms formed by reactive RF-magnetron co-sputtering of Ti and Si in Ar/N2are evaluated as a diffusion barrier between Cu and Si. A complete range of compositions are obtained by Ti targets inlaid with Si. Film composition is controlled by the target ratio of titanium to silicon and N2partial pressure. Electrical results versus thermal history for films of∼6–18% Si as well as the composition and microstructure as determined by Rutherford back scattering (RBS), TEM and electron diffraction are reported. These films are an amorphous matrix with imbedded nanocrystals of titanium nitride as-deposited and undergo phase separation to yield titanium nitride and silicon nitride after a 1000°C anneal. As-deposited compositions which lie above the TiN-Si3N4phase line yield crystals of TiN. Compositions below the TiN-Si3N4phase line yield crystals of Ti2N. Bulk resistivity as-deposited (<400μω-cm) is acceptable for use as a contact liner/barrier material and improves with annealing. Si pn-diodes metallized with 20nm Ti40Si15N45and Cu show no significant increase in reverse leakage current at anneal temperatures below 700°C.