bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of an accessibility‐enhanced multimedia informational educational programme in reducing anxiety and increasing satisfaction of patients undergoing cardiac catheterisation
Authors: Wu Ka‐Lai , Chen Su‐Ru , Ko Wen‐Chin , Kuo Shu‐Yu , Chen Ping‐Ling , Su Hui‐Fang , Chang Wen‐Yin 
Published: December 2013

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of an accessibility‐enhanced multimedia informational educational programme in reducing anxiety and increasing satisfaction with the information and materials received by patients undergoing cardiac catheterisation.BackgroundCardiac catheterisation is one of the most anxiety‐provoking invasive procedures for patients. However, informational education using multimedia to inform patients undergoing cardiac catheterisation has not been extensively explored.DesignA randomised experimental design with three‐cohort prospective comparisons.MethodsIn total, 123 consecutive patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: regular education; (group 1), accessibility‐enhanced multimedia informational education (group 2) and instructional digital videodisc education (group 3). Anxiety was measured with Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory, which was administered at four time intervals: before education (T0), immediately after education (T1), before cardiac catheterisation (T2) and one day after cardiac catheterisation (T3). A satisfaction questionnaire was administrated one day after cardiac catheterisation. Data were collected from May 2009–September 2010 and analysed using descriptive statistics, chi‐squared tests, one‐way analysis of variance, Scheffe's post hoc test and generalised estimating equations.ResultsAll patients experienced moderate anxiety at T0 to low anxiety at T3. Accessibility‐enhanced multimedia informational education patients had significantly lower anxiety levels and felt the most satisfied with the information and materials received compared with patients in groups 1 and 3. A statistically significant difference in anxiety levels was only found at T2 among the three groups (p = 0·004).ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate that the accessibility‐enhanced multimedia informational education was the most effective informational educational module for informing patients about their upcoming cardiac catheterisation, to reduce anxiety and improve satisfaction with the information and materials received compared with the regular education and instructional digital videodisc education.Relevance to clinical practiceAs the accessibility‐enhanced multimedia informational education reduced patient anxiety and improved satisfaction with the information and materials received, it can be adapted to complement patient education in future regular cardiac care.
Factors associated with consistent contraception and condom use among Māori secondary school students in New Zealand
Authors: Clark Terryann C , Crengle Sue , Sheridan Janie , Rowe Deborah , Robinson Elizabeth 
Published: December 2013

AimsThe aims of this study are to provide a profile of sexual health behaviours of Māori youth and to identify factors associated with consistent condom and contraception use.MethodsMultivariable analyses were conducted to determine relationships between consistent contraception and condom use among all 2059 sexually active Māori participants in the 2007 New Zealand youth health and well‐being survey of secondary school students.ResultsForty per cent of Māori students were currently sexually active; of these, 55.3% always used contraception, and 41.1% always used condoms. Risk factors for not using contraception were less than or equal to three sexual partners (males odds ratio (OR) 0.55, P = 0.04, females OR 0.35, P = 0.04) and regular cigarette use for females (OR 0.52, P = 0.02). Risk factors for not using condoms were 13‐ to 15‐year‐old females (OR 1.95, P < 0.01) and females who enjoyed sex (OR 0.52, P = 0.02). Family connection was associated with increased use of condoms among males (OR 1.07, P < 0.01).ConclusionsReducing sexual risks, increasing opportunities for healthy youth development and family connectedness, alongside access to appropriate services, are required to improve the sexual health of Māori youth.
Allelopathy in the tropical alga Lobophora variegata (Phaeophyceae): mechanistic basis for a phase shift on mesophotic coral reefs?
Authors: Slattery Marc , Lesser Michael P. 
Published: December 2013

Macroalgal phase shifts on Caribbean reefs have been reported with increasing frequency, and recent reports of these changes on mesophotic coral reefs have raised questions regarding the mechanistic processes behind algal population expansions to deeper depths. The brown alga Lobophora variegata is a dominant species on many shallow and deep coral reefs of the Caribbean and Pacific, and it increased in percent cover (>50%) up to 61 m on Bahamian reefs following the invasion of the lionfish Pterois volitans. We examined the physiological and ecological constraints contributing to the spread of Lobophora on Bahamian reefs across a mesophotic depth gradient from 30 to 61 m, pre‐ and post‐lionfish invasion. Results indicate that there were no physiological limitations to the depth distribution of Lobophora within this range prior to the lionfish invasion. Herbivory by acanthurids and scarids in algal recruitment plots at mesophotic depths was higher prior to the lionfish invasion, and Lobophora chemical defenses were ineffective against an omnivorous fish species. In contrast, Lobophora exhibited significant allelopathic activity against the coral Montastraea cavernosa and the sponge Agelas clathrodes in laboratory assays. These data indicate that when lionfish predation on herbivorous fish released Lobophora from grazing pressure at depth, Lobophora expanded its benthic cover to a depth of 61 m, where it replaced the dominant coral and sponge species. Our results suggest that this chemically defended alga may out‐compete these species in situ, and that mesophotic reefs may be further impacted in the near future as Lobophora continues to expand to its compensation point.
Habitat invasion research: where vegetation science and invasion ecology meet
Authors: Pyšek Petr , Chytrý Milan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn the last decade, habitat‐oriented studies of plant invasions, performed at broad scales and using large data sets of vegetation plots, have focused on quantifying the representation of alien species in vegetation or habitat types, identifying factors underlying invasions, and exploring the pools of species available for invasion into particular habitats. In this essay we summarize what we have learned, discuss constraints associated with this kind of data and outline promising research topics to which a macroecological perspective of habitat invasions can contribute. Such topics include, among others: integrating species‐specific information on invasion status, residence time in the region, biological and ecological traits and phylogenetic relationships into habitat invasion research to better capture the context‐dependence of invasions; focusing on the functional role that alien species, relative to natives, play in plant communities; and obtaining insights into the role of pre‐adaptation for invasion by comparing the functional composition of habitat species pools in the native range. There is still a strong geographic bias, with detailed assessments across broader ranges of habitat types in large regions available only from Europe, the United States and New Zealand, which call for extension of this research to other continents.
Durable field resistance to wheat yellow mosaic virus in transgenic wheat containing the antisense virus polymerase gene
Authors: Chen Ming , Sun Liying , Wu Hongya , Chen Jiong , Ma Youzhi , Zhang Xiaoxiang , Du Lipu , Cheng Shunhe , Zhang Boqiao , Ye Xingguo , Pang Junlan , Zhang Xinmei , Li Liancheng , Andika Ida B. , Chen Jianping , Xu Huijun 
Published: December 2013

SummaryWheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) has spread rapidly and causes serious yield losses in the major wheat‐growing areas in China. Because it is vectored by the fungus‐like organism Polymyxa graminis that survives for long periods in soil, it is difficult to eliminate by conventional crop management or fungicides. There is also only limited resistance in commercial cultivars. In this research, fourteen independent transgenic events were obtained by co‐transformation with the antisense NIb8 gene (the NIb replicase of WYMV) and a selectable gene bar. Four original transgenic lines (N12, N13, N14 and N15) and an offspring line (N12‐1) showed high and durable resistance to WYMV in the field. Four resistant lines were shown to have segregated and only contain NIb8 (without bar) by PCR and herbicide resistance testing in the later generations. Line N12‐1 showed broad‐spectrum resistance to WYMV isolates from different sites in China. After growing in the infested soil, WYMV could not be detected by tissue printing and Western blot assays of transgenic wheat. The grain yield of transgenic wheat was about 10% greater than the wild‐type susceptible control. Northern blot and small RNA deep sequencing analyses showed that there was no accumulation of small interfering RNAs targeting the NIb8 gene in transgenic wheat plants, suggesting that transgene RNA silencing, a common mechanism of virus‐derived disease resistance, is not involved in the process of WYMV resistance. This durable and broad‐spectrum resistance to WYMV in transgenic wheat will be useful for alleviating the damage caused by WYMV.
Late acute rejection: Incidence, risk factors, and effect on graft survival and function
Authors: Eid Loai , Tuchman Shamir , Moudgil Asha 
Published: December 2013

AbstractLong‐term graft survival and function has not kept pace with short‐term success in kidney transplant (Tx) recipients. LAR ≥6 months post‐Tx may contribute to lack of improvement; risk factors for LAR are not well known. Of 64 Tx recipients followed over six yr, 23 (35.9%) had LAR (LAR group) and 41 had no LAR (no LAR group). Of all variables, significant risk factors for LAR included DGF, (43.4% LAR vs. 14.6% in no LAR group, p = 0.0096); de novo DSA (65.2% vs. 26.8%, p = 0.003); mean COV% of TAC (41.8% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.03); and non‐adherence (34.8% vs. 7.3%, p = 0.0043). DGF and DSA remained statistically significant (p = 0.002 and 0.003, respectively); COV% TAC had borderline significance (p = 0.057), and non‐adherence was not significant on multivariate regression analysis. Patients with LAR had inferior graft survival and function, whereas graft function was stable in the no LAR group over a mean follow‐up of 31.2 months. Patients with de novo DSA and DGF should be considered at risk of LAR; an early diagnosis and treatment of LAR may improve graft survival and function.
Clinical predictors of autoimmune and severe atopic disease in pediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Mouledoux Jessica H. , Albers Erin L. , Lu Zengqi , Saville Benjamin R. , Moore Daniel J. , Dodd Debra A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAutoimmune and allergic diseases cause morbidity and diminished quality of life in pediatric organ transplant recipients. We hypothesize that younger age at transplantation and immunosuppression regimen play a role in the development of immune‐mediated disease following heart transplant. A single institution retrospective review identified all patients undergoing heart transplant at ≤18 yr of age from 1987 to 2010 who survived ≥1 yr. Using medical record and database review, patients were evaluated for development of autoimmune or severe allergic disease. Of 129 patients who met criteria, seven patients (5.4%) with autoimmune or severe atopic disease were identified. Immune‐mediated diseases included inflammatory bowel disease (n = 3), eosinophilic esophagitis/colitis (n = 4), and chronic bullous disease of childhood (n = 1). Patients <1 yr of age at transplant were at greater risk of developing autoimmune disease than patients 1–18 yr at transplant (OR = 9.3, 95% CI 1.1–79.2, p = 0.02). All affected patients underwent thymectomy at <1 yr of age (7/71 vs. 0/58, p = 0.02). In our experience, heart transplantation in infancy is associated with the development of immune‐mediated gastrointestinal and dermatologic diseases. Further study is needed to determine risk factors for the development of immune‐mediated disease to identify best practices to decrease incidence.
Ureteral complications after renal transplant in children: Timing of presentation, and their open and endoscopic management
Authors: Castagnetti Marco , Angelini Lorenzo , Ghirardo Giulia , Zucchetta Pietro , Gamba PierGiorgio , Zanon GiovanniFranco , Murer Luisa , Rigamonti Waifro 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe retrospectively reviewed the records of 24 consecutive patients undergoing treatment for ureteral complications after RTx in the period 2001–2012 to determine the timing of presentation of the complications, and their open or endoscopic management. Three patients (12%) had a necrosis of the transplanted ureter soon after RTx. All required open urinary diversion in a native ureter. Ten cases (42%) developed ureteral obstruction. Time of presentation was variable mainly in relation to the underlying cause. Endoscopic treatment was successful in two cases with urinary stones and open surgery in two with mid‐ureteral obstruction. Six patients had VUJ stenosis, three underwent open reimplantation, whereas temporary double‐J stent placement was successfully performed in the remainder. Eleven patients (46%) had VUR. It seldom presented in the first year after RTx. Endoscopic treatment was attempted in all and was successful in all the six cases without vs. only one of the five with lower urinary tract pathology (p = 0.01). Endoscopic treatment is an option in patients with VUR in the absence of lower urinary tract pathology. It is an option also for the treatment of stones and can be attempted in case of VUJ stenosis. Ureteral necrosis always requires open treatment.
Is single‐port laparoscopy feasible after liver transplant?
Authors: Zani Augusto , Paul Anu , Dhawan Anil , Desai Ashish 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe role of laparoscopy following liver transplant in children is debated. Herein, we report the first two cases of SIPES post‐liver transplant. In both patients, SIPES access was carried out using Olympus TriPort. Patient 1 was an 11 yr old born with biliary atresia, who had four previous major laparotomies: Kasai portoenterostomy, followed by liver transplant and two laparotomies for lymph node biopsies for PTLD. The child was referred for suspected PTLD relapse due to enlarged nodes on CT scan. At SIPES, following adequate adhesiolysis, the lymph node biopsy was achieved successfully. Patient 2 was a five yr old with bilateral intra‐abdominal testes who had undergone liver transplant aged two yr. He underwent a left one‐stage orchidopexy and right first‐stage Fowler–Stephen procedure at five yr of life, followed by a second stage Fowler–Stephen surgery on the right side, nine months later. All procedures were successfully performed by SIPES, and both patients were discharged home on first post‐operative day. We conclude that SIPES could be safely carried out in patients who have had liver transplant. In case of diffuse intraperitoneal adhesions, SIPES is beneficial to create space by blunt and sharp dissection and decreases post‐operative stay.
Parenting Mediates the Effects of Income and Cumulative Risk on the Development of Effortful Control
Authors: Lengua Liliana J. , Kiff Cara , Moran Lyndsey , Zalewski Maureen , Thompson Stephanie , Cortes Rebecca , Ruberry Erika 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis study tested the hypothesis that the effects of income and cumulative risk on the development of effortful control during preschool would be mediated by parenting. The study utilized a community sample of 306 children (36–40 months) representing the full range of family income, with 29 percent at or near poverty and 28 percent lower income. Two dimensions of effortful control (executive control and delay ability) were assessed at four time points, each separated by nine months, and growth trajectories were examined. Maternal warmth, negativity, limit setting, scaffolding, and responsiveness were observed. Above the effects of child cognitive ability, income, and cumulative risk, scaffolding predicted higher initial levels of executive control that remained higher across the study, and limit setting predicted greater gains in executive control. Parenting did not predict changes in delay ability. Significant indirect effects indicated that scaffolding mediated the effects of income and cumulative risk on growth in executive control. The findings suggest that parenting behaviors can promote effortful control in young children and could be targets of prevention programs in low‐income families.
Subsidy‐induced Dumping
Authors: Hansen Jørgen D. , Nielsen Jørgen U.‐M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractMore than two‐thirds of all anti‐subsidy investigations in the EU are paired with an anti‐dumping investigation against the same non‐EU producers. The outcome may be a two‐component duty where one duty addresses the ‘unfairness’ of the subsidy and the other the dumping behaviour. The philosophy behind this practice is that, at least to some extent, the observed dumping has been induced by the subsidy, and as the GATT Treaty, Article VI commits the claimant not to impose double remedies for the same ‘misbehaviour’, it is necessary to make an assessment of the hypothetical dumping without the subsidy. The EU quantification of the hypothetical dumping margin assumes that an export subsidy translates fully to the dumping margin, while a domestic subsidy leaves the dumping margin unchanged. Using an oligopoly model, we show in this paper that in case of an export subsidy, the EU anti‐dumping duty is lower than the predicted hypothetical dumping margin from the oligopoly model. For a domestic subsidy, the results are ambiguous, and the difference between the size of the duty following the EU procedure and the model predictions is relatively small.
Cutaneous pythiosis in two dogs from Wisconsin, USA
Authors: Oldenhoff William , Grooters Amy , Pinkerton Marie E. , Knorr Jennifer , Trepanier Lauren 
Published: December 2013

BackgroundPythium insidiosum is an oomycete that causes cutaneous lesions or infiltrative gastrointestinal disease in dogs, cats, humans, horses and other mammals, primarily in tropical and subtropical climates.Hypothesis/ObjectivesWe report the clinicopathological findings associated with cutaneous pythiosis in two dogs from a Northern temperate climate zone.AnimalsA 3‐year‐old intact male Chesapeake Bay retriever was presented with an ulcerated soft‐tissue swelling over the left eye. A 4‐year‐old spayed female German shepherd dog was presented with a soft‐tissue swelling overlying the right hock. Both dogs lived in northern latitudes (between 43 and 45°N) and neither had travelled outside of Wisconsin or Michigan's upper peninsula, USA.MethodsHistopathological examination and culture of affected tissues on specialized media, serology for anti‐P. insidiosum antibodies, P. insidiosum‐specific PCR and ribosomal RNA gene sequencing were carried out.ResultsHistopathological examination revealed pyogranulomatous and eosinophilic inflammation associated with wide, poorly septate hyphae.Conclusions and clinical importanceEven clinicians who practice in temperate climates should consider pythiosis as a differential diagnosis for young to middle‐aged adult dogs presented with ulcerated cutaneous nodules or infiltrative gastrointestinal disease.
Use of Quantitative Real-Time PCR for Direct Detection of Serratia marcescens in Marine and Other Aquatic Environments
Authors: Joyner Jessica , Wanless David , Sinigalliano Christopher D. , Lipp Erin K. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Serratia marcescens
is the etiological agent of acroporid serratiosis, a distinct form of white pox disease in the threatened coral
Acropora palmata
. The pathogen is commonly found in untreated human waste in the Florida Keys, which may contaminate both nearshore and offshore waters. Currently there is no direct method for detection of this bacterium in the aquatic or reef environment, and culture-based techniques may underestimate its abundance in marine waters. A quantitative real-time PCR assay was developed to detect
S. marcescens
directly from environmental samples, including marine water, coral mucus, sponge tissue, and wastewater. The assay targeted the
luxS
gene and was able to distinguish
S. marcescens
from other
Serratia
species with a reliable quantitative limit of detection of 10 cell equivalents (CE) per reaction. The method could routinely discern the presence of
S. marcescens
for as few as 3 CE per reaction, but it could not be reliably quantified at this level. The assay detected environmental
S. marcescens
in complex sewage influent samples at up to 761 CE ml
−1
and in septic system-impacted residential canals in the Florida Keys at up to 4.1 CE ml
−1
. This detection assay provided rapid quantitative abilities and good sensitivity and specificity, which should offer an important tool for monitoring this ubiquitous pathogen that can potentially impact both human health and coral health.
Highly Sensitive Quantitative PCR for the Detection and Differentiation of Pseudogymnoascus destructans and Other Pseudogymnoascus Species
Authors: Shuey Megan M. , Drees Kevin P. , Lindner Daniel L. , Keim Paul , Foster Jeffrey T. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

White-nose syndrome is a fungal disease that has decimated bat populations across eastern North America. Identification of the etiologic agent,
Pseudogymnoascus destructans
(formerly
Geomyces destructans
), in environmental samples is essential to proposed management plans. A major challenge is the presence of closely related species, which are ubiquitous in many soils and cave sediments and often present in high abundance. We present a dual-probe real-time quantitative PCR assay capable of detecting and differentiating
P. destructans
from closely related fungi in environmental samples from North America. The assay, based on a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) specific to
P. destructans
, is capable of rapid low-level detection from various sampling media, including sediment, fecal samples, wing biopsy specimens, and skin swabs. This method is a highly sensitive, high-throughput method for identifying
P. destructans
, other
Pseudogymnoascus
spp., and
Geomyces
spp. in the environment, providing a fundamental component of research and risk assessment for addressing this disease, as well as other ecological and mycological work on related fungi.