bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on Crystallization Kinetics of Thermoelectric Bi2Se3 Crystals in Ge–Se–Bi Chalcogenide Glasses by Differential Scanning Calorimeter
Authors: Liu Yinyao , Yuan Shuanglong , Xie Jun , Shangguan Futiao , Ren Jing , Chen Guorong 
Published: June 2013

Novel glass‐ceramics with embedded thermoelectric Bi2Se3 crystals were prepared from glass matrices in the Ge20Se100−xBix (x = 5, 10, 12 mol%) system. Based on DSC results performed at different heating rates, characteristic activation energies (Ec) and Avrami exponents (n) were obtained and analyzed by using Kissinger's relation, Ozawa's method, Augis–Bennett approximation and Matusita–Sakka theory. XRD results showed that pure Bi2Se3 crystalline phase precipitated upon annealing at different temperatures for various time. The crystal size and crystalline fraction in the samples could be tuned by controlling the annealing time.
Estimation of Daily Streamflow of Southeastern Coastal Plain Watersheds by Combining Estimated Magnitude and Sequence
Authors: Ssegane Herbert , Amatya Devendra M. , Tollner E.W. , Dai Zhaohua , Nettles Jami E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCommonly used methods to predict streamflow at ungauged watersheds implicitly predict streamflow magnitude and temporal sequence concurrently. An alternative approach that has not been fully explored is the conceptualization of streamflow as a composite of two separable components of magnitude and sequence, where each component is estimated separately and then combined. Magnitude is modeled using the flow duration curve (FDC), whereas sequence is modeled by transferring streamflow sequence of gauged watershed(s). This study tests the applicability of the approach on watersheds ranging in size from about 25‐7,226 km2 in Southeastern Coastal Plain (U.S.) with substantial surface storage of wetlands. A 19‐point regionalized FDC is developed to estimate streamflow magnitude using the three most selected variables (drainage area, hydrologic soil index, and maximum 24‐h precipitation with a recurrence interval of 100 years) by a greedy‐heuristic search process. The results of validation on four watersheds (Trent River, North Carolina: 02092500; Satilla River, Georgia: 02226500; Black River, South Carolina: 02136000; and Coosawhatchie River, South Carolina: 02176500) yielded Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency values of 0.86‐0.98 for the predicted magnitude and 0.09‐0.84 for the predicted daily streamflow over a simulation period of 1960‐2010. The prediction accuracy of the method on two headwater watersheds at Santee Experimental Forest in coastal South Carolina was weak, but comparable to simulations by MIKE‐SHE.
Safe Extraction of Riata Looped Extruding Filler Cables
Authors: RUBENSTEIN DONALD S. , WESTON LAWRENCE T. , KNELLER JAMES , WRIGHT CHRISTOPHER , YIN HANG 
Published: June 2013

Safe Extraction of Riata Looped Extruding Filler CablesThe Riata 1590 lead model contains both electrically active cables (AC) and filler cables (FC) that run in pairs within lumens along the lead body. FC are yet to be described as lead components that may be externalized from either external abrasion or inside‐out abrasion seen in the recalled St. Jude leads. Externalization of FC would not be expected to develop any electrical abnormality during routine ICD and lead evaluations. FC are fixed at their ends only with a silicone adhesive compared to mechanical crimps for AC. This glue bond can break allowing a progressive migration of the filler cable to extrude out the insulation breach forming profound loops of cables. We identify the 10 recalled Riata models that contain the electrically inactive FC that will need closer scrutiny by X‐ray imaging techniques. Extraction of ICD leads with externalized cables may be difficult, with the presence of extruded loops of FC compounding procedural complexity. We describe a technique that reduced extruded loops of FC and allowed safe extraction of the lead.
Cyst–theca relationship of the arctic dinoflagellate cyst Islandinium minutum (Dinophyceae) and phylogenetic position based on SSU rDNA and LSU rDNA
Authors: Potvin Éric , Rochon André , Lovejoy Connie 
Published: June 2013

Round brown spiny cysts constitute a morphological group common in high latitude dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. The dinoflagellate cyst Islandinium minutum (Harland et Reid) Head, Harland et Matthiessen is the main paleoecological indicator of seasonal sea‐ice cover in the Arctic. Despite the importance of this cyst in paleoceanographical studies, its biological affinity has so far been unknown. The biological affinity of the species I. minutum and its phylogenetic position based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA) and the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rDNA) were established from cyst incubation experiments in controlled conditions, optical and scanning electron microscopy, and single‐cell PCR. The thecal motile cell obtained was undescribed. Although the motile cell was similar to Archaeperidinium minutum (Kofoid) Jörgensen, the motile cell of I. minutum lacked a transitional plate in the cingular series, which is present in Archaeperidinium spp. Islandinium minutum and Archaeperidinium spp. were paraphyletic in all phylogenetic analyses. Furthermore, Protoperidinium tricingulatum, which also lacks a transitional plate, was closely related to I. minutum and transfered to the genus Islandinium. Based on available data, it is clear that Islandinium is distinct from Archaeperidinium. Therefore, we considered Islandinium Head, Harland et Matthiessen as a non‐fossil genus and emend its description, as well as the species I. minutum. This is the first description of a cyst–theca relationship and the first study that reports molecular data based on SSU rDNA and LSU rDNA on a species assigned to the genus Islandinium.
Determinants in the rpsT mRNAs recognized by the 5′‐sensor domain of RNase E
Authors: Mackie George A. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryRNase E plays a central role in processing virtually all classes of cellular RNA in many bacterial species. A characteristic feature of RNase E and its paralogue RNase G, as well as several other unrelated ribonucleases, is their preference for 5′‐monophosphorylated substrates. The basis for this property has been explored in vitro. At limiting substrate, cleavage of the rpsT mRNA by RNase E (residues 1–529) is inefficient, requiring excess enzyme. The rpsT mRNA is cleaved sequentially in a 5′ to 3′ direction, with the initial cleavage(s) at positions 116/117 or 190/191 being largely driven by direct entry, independent of the 5′‐terminus or the 5′‐sensor domain of RNase E. Generation of the 147 nt 3′‐limit product requires sequential cleavages that generate 5′‐monophosphorylated termini on intermediates, and the 5′‐sensor domain of RNase E. These requirements can be bypassed with limiting enzyme by deleting a stem‐loop structure adjacent to the site of the major, most distal cleavage. Alternatively, this specific cleavage can be activated substantially by a 5′‐phosphorylated oligonucleotide annealed 5′ to the cleavage site. This finding suggests that monophosphorylated small RNAs may destabilize their mRNA targets by recruiting the 5‐sensor domain of RNase E ‘in trans’.
The role of Arabidopsis thaliana NAR1, a cytosolic iron–sulfur cluster assembly component, in gametophytic gene expression and oxidative stress responses in vegetative tissue
Authors: Nakamura Miyuki , Buzas Diana Mihaela , Kato Akira , Fujita Masahiro , Kurata Nori , Kinoshita Tetsu 
Published: June 2013

Summary

Iron–sulfur proteins have iron–sulfur clusters as a prosthetic group and are responsible for various cellular processes, including general transcriptional regulation, photosynthesis and respiration. The cytosolic iron–sulfur assembly (CIA) pathway of yeast has been shown to be responsible for regulation of iron–sulfur cluster assembly in both the cytosol and the nucleus. However, little is known about the roles of this pathway in multicellular organisms.

In a forward genetic screen, we identified an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant with impaired expression of the endosperm‐specific gene Flowering Wageningen (FWA). To characterize this mutant, we carried out detailed phenotypic and genetic analyses during reproductive and vegetative development.

The mutation affects NAR1, which encodes a homolog of a yeast CIA pathway component. Comparison of embryo development in nar1‐3 and other A. thaliana mutants affected in the CIA pathway showed that the embryos aborted at a similar stage, suggesting that this pathway potentially functions in early seed development. Transcriptome analysis of homozygous viable nar1‐4 seedlings showed transcriptional repression of a subset of genes involved in ‘iron ion transport’ and ‘response to nitrate’. nar1‐4 also exhibited resistance to the herbicide paraquat.

Our results indicate that A. thaliana NAR1 has various functions including transcriptional regulation in gametophytes and abiotic stress responses in vegetative tissues.
Obesity: a systematic review on parental involvement in long‐term European childhood weight control interventions with a nutritional focus
Authors: van der Kruk J. J. , Kortekaas F. , Lucas C. , Jager‐Wittenaar H. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryIn Europe, about 20% of children are overweight. Focus on parental responsibility is an effective method in weight control interventions in children. In this systematic review we describe the intensity of parental involvement and behaviour change aimed at parents in long‐term European childhood weight control interventions. We include European Union studies targeting parents in order to improve children's weight status in multi‐component (parental, behaviour change and nutrition) health promotion or lifestyle interventions. The included studies have at least one objectively measured anthropometric outcome in the weight status of the child. Parental involvement was described and categorized based on the intensity of parental involvement and coded using a validated behaviour change taxonomy specific to childhood obesity. Twenty‐four studies were analysed. In effective long‐term treatment studies, medium and high intensity parental involvement were identified most frequently; whereas in prevention studies low intensity parental involvement was identified most frequently. Parenting skills, generic and specific to lifestyle behaviour, scored frequently in effective weight control interventions. To list parental skills in generic and specific to lifestyle, descriptions of the included studies were summarized. We conclude that intensity of parental involvement and behaviour change techniques are important issues in the effectiveness of long‐term childhood weight control interventions.
FOSTERING PUBLIC SERVICE MOTIVATION THROUGH WORKPLACE TRUST: EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC MANAGERS IN TAIWAN
Authors: CHEN CHUNG‐AN , HSIEH CHIH‐WEI , CHEN DON‐YUN 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe existing literature addressing antecedents of public service motivation (PSM) focuses on personal predisposition and institutional shaping. The authors offer a focus that differs from previous studies, arguing that workplace trust as a result of human interaction and personal choice has a bearing onPSM. It is postulated that public managers' trust in citizens, trust in colleagues, and trust in agency leaders enhance theirPSM. The authors test this proposition by using data collected from middle managers working in the Taiwan central government and it receives strong support. This study brings trust into the study ofPSM, facilitates interdisciplinary dialogues, and thus helps makePSMa type of knowledge that pushes back the boundaries of public administration.
Heart rate variability arterial hypertension in young heart‐transplanted recipients: Association progression of cardiac allograft vasculopathy?
Authors: Giordano Ugo , Michielon Guido , Calò Carducci Francesca , Ravà Lucilla , Alfieri Sara , Parisi Francesco , Grutter Giorgia 
Published: June 2013

AbstractHypertension and reduced HRV are frequent in heart‐transplanted recipients. We studied 26 young recipients to investigate the relationship between BP and HRV during simultaneous 24‐h monitoring. Presence of CAV was considered. All HRV measures were significantly lower than normal values. Significant correlations were found between mean daytime systolic BP and the rMSSD (p = 0.04), and mean daytime DBP and SDANN for all 5‐min segments (p = 0.03) and between rMSSD and mean nighttime DBP (p = 0.03). Four patients were hypertensive during daytime, seven had a reduced nocturnal fall and two had a nocturnal rise in BP. Eight patients showed severe CAV grade (grade IV) on the Stanford scale, 13 moderate (grade III) and five mild (grade I‐II). After a follow‐up time of 30 months, four of the 13 patients (30%) with CAV grade III showed an increase to grade IV and all showed abnormalities of both HRV and ABPM patterns. The relationship between HRV abnormalities and arterial hypertension and CAV should be further explored.
Compensation of Measurement Errors Caused by Glass Refraction For Photogrammetric Plantar Surface Mapping
Authors: Ali Al‐Baghdadi Jasim Ahmed , Chong Albert K. , Alshadli Duaa 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMapping the human plantar (sole) surface during movement using an optical imaging technique often necessitates the use of a stage made of transparent material so that the human subject's gait can be imaged in a natural way, without obstruction. This research investigates a technique to reduce glass refraction distortion in the captured 3D spatial data. Impurities in the glass produce outliers in the calculated distortion values which were detected using an automated slope gradient technique. A point‐based moving averaging technique was utilised to determine the most appropriate distortion correction to replace the removed outliers. The results show that the empirical methods developed provide accurate glass refraction corrections for photogrammetric measurements, highlighted using the 3D foot plantar surface captured during various phases of a person's gait.
Effect of Laser Thermal Injury on Langerhans Cells in Mouse and Hairless Guinea Pig Epidermis
Authors: Burnham Kim , Schuster Kurt , Shingledecker Aurora , Kornegay Robert , Oliver Jeffrey 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTo examine the effect of laser thermal injury on Langerhans cells (LC) within the epidermis, the dorsal skin of mice and hairless guinea pigs was exposed to varying levels of laser irradiation using a thulium laser at a wavelength of 2.0 μm. At 6, 24 and 48 h post irradiation, animals were euthanized, skin samples prepared for histology and the epidermis obtained and stained by major histocompatibility complex‐II staining (mice) or ATPase assay (hairless guinea pigs) for the enumeration of LC. Mouse skin exhibited histological evidence of thermal damage at 24 h post irradiation at even the lowest dose (0.14 W) and decreases in the numbers of epidermal LC were observed at all doses and decreases were proportional to dose. In contrast, hairless guinea pig skin only showed consistent histological evidence of thermal damage at the highest dose of irradiation (0.70 W) at 24 and 48 h post irradiation and exhibited a statistically significant decrease in numbers of epidermal LC only at this dose. Thus, epidermal LC depletion occurred in the skin of both mice and hairless guinea pigs in response to laser treatment and the magnitude of depletion directly correlated with the extent of thermal damage both within and between species.
Cognitive control adjustments and conflict adaptation in major depressive disorder
Authors: Clawson Ann , Clayson Peter E. , Larson Michael J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIndividuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) show alterations in the cognitive control function of conflict processing. We examined the influence of these deficits on behavioral and event‐related potential (ERP) indices of conflict adaptation, a cognitive control process wherein previous‐trial congruency modulates current‐trial performance, in 55 individuals with MDD and 55 matched controls. ERPs were calculated while participants completed a modified flanker task. There were nonsignificant between‐groups differences in response time, error rate, and N2 indices of conflict adaptation. Higher depressive symptom scores were associated with smaller mean N2 conflict adaptation scores for individuals with MDD and when collapsed across groups. Results were consistent when comorbidity and medications were analyzed. These findings suggest N2 conflict adaptation is associated with depressive symptoms rather than clinical diagnosis alone.
Evaluation of biofilm production byPseudomonas aeruginosafrom canine ears and the impact of biofilm on antimicrobial susceptibilityin vitro
Authors: Pye Charlotte C. , Yu Anthony A. , Weese J. Scott 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundPseudomonas aeruginosais a common cause of canine otitis;P. aeruginosabiofilm formation has been documented in human medicine, but the role of biofilms in canine disease is not well documented. Bacteria within biofilms can be more resistant to antibiotics compared with their planktonic form; therefore, understanding the biofilm‐forming capacity of isolates and their susceptibility to antimicrobials is important when developing treatment regimens.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate the biofilm‐forming capacity of canine otic isolates ofP. aeruginosaand to compare the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the planktonic versus biofilm‐embedded bacteria.MethodsBiofilm‐forming ability was assessed using a microtitre plate assay. Broth microdilution was used to assess theMICs of neomycin, polymyxin B, enrofloxacin and gentamicin for the planktonic and biofilm‐embedded bacteria.ResultsEighty‐three isolates from dogs with otitis were tested; 33 (40%) were classified as biofilm producers. BiofilmMICs for polymyxin B, neomycin, gentamicin and enrofloxacin were significantly higher than for the planktonic form (P < 0.05).Conclusions and clinical importanceBiofilm production by otitis isolates ofP. aeruginosais common and may play a role in the pathogenesis of disease. TheMICs for biofilm‐embedded bacteria differ from their planktonic counterparts, potentially leading to a lack of response to treatment. If polymyxin B, gentamicin, neomycin or enrofloxacin is to be used for topical treatment of aPseudomonasotitis, the concentration of the medication should be increased, in particular if addressing chronic otitis, because biofilms may have developed.
Deep digital flexor tendon injury within the hoof capsule; does lesion type or location predict prognosis?
Authors: Cillán‐García E. , Milner P. I. , Talbot A. , Tucker R. , Hendey F. , Boswell J. , Reardon R. J. M. , Taylor S. E. 
Published: June 2013

The type and location of deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) lesions may be important in predicting outcome. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of different types of DDFT lesions within the hoof capsule and to determine whether lesion type predicts return to athletic activity. Lesions of the DDFT were divided into: core lesions, dorsal border lesions and parasagittal splits. Lesion location was documented, and follow‐up information was obtained by telephone survey at least 18 months after diagnosis. Of 168 horses with primary DDFT injury, 54 horses had dorsal border lesions, 59 had parasagittal splits and 55 had core lesions. Twenty‐five per cent of all horses returned to previous levels of athletic activity within 18 months of MRI evaluation. Horses with complete splits or core lesions of the DDFT were significantly less likely to return to some level of athletic activity than horses with dorsal border lesions P<0.001. Dorsal border lesions of the DDFT appear to have a better prognosis than core lesions or parasagittal splits. This study provides additional information that may help clinicians predict the prognosis for different types of DDFT injury.
Near-Potential Games
Authors: Candogan Ozan , Ozdaglar Asuman , Parrilo Pablo A. 
Published: June 2013

Potential games are a special class of games for which many adaptive user dynamics converge to a Nash equilibrium. In this article, we study properties of near-potential games, that is, games that are close in terms of payoffs to potential games, and show that such games admit similar limiting dynamics.
We first focus on finite games in strategic form. We introduce a distance notion in the space of games and study the geometry of potential games and sets of games that are equivalent, with respect to various equivalence relations, to potential games. We discuss how, given an arbitrary game, one can find a nearby game in these sets. We then study dynamics in near-potential games by focusing on continuous-time perturbed best response dynamics. We characterize the limiting behavior of this dynamics in terms of the upper contour sets of the potential function of a close potential game and approximate equilibria of the game. Exploiting structural properties of approximate equilibrium sets, we strengthen our result and show that for games that are sufficiently close to a potential game, the sequence of mixed strategies generated by this dynamics converges to a small neighborhood of equilibria whose size is a function of the distance from the set of potential games.

In the second part of the article, we study continuous games and show that our approach for characterizing the limiting sets in near-potential games extends to continuous games. In particular, we consider continuous-time best response dynamics and a variant of it (where players update their strategies only if there is at least
ε
utility improvement opportunity) in near-potential games where the strategy sets are compact and convex subsets of a Euclidean space. We show that these update rules converge to a neighborhood of equilibria (or the maximizer of the potential function), provided that the potential function of the nearby potential game satisfies some structural properties. Our results generalize the known convergence results for potential games to near-potential games.
C-RAF Mutations Confer Resistance to RAF Inhibitors
Authors: Antony Rajee , Emery Caroline M. , Sawyer Allison M. , Garraway Levi A. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Melanomas that contain B-RAFV600E mutations respond transiently to RAF and MEK inhibitors; however, resistance to these agents remains a formidable challenge. Although B- or C-RAF dysregulation represents prominent resistance mechanisms, resistance-associated point mutations in RAF oncoproteins are surprisingly rare. To gain insights herein, we conducted random mutagenesis screens to identify B- or C-RAF mutations that confer resistance to RAF inhibitors. Whereas bona fide B-RAFV600E resistance alleles were rarely observed, we identified multiple C-RAF mutations that produced biochemical and pharmacologic resistance. Potent C-RAF resistance alleles localized to a 14-3-3 consensus binding site or a separate site within the P loop. These mutations elicited paradoxical upregulation of RAF kinase activity in a dimerization-dependent manner following exposure to RAF inhibitors. Knowledge of resistance-associated C-RAF mutations may enhance biochemical understanding of RAF-dependent signaling, anticipate clinical resistance to novel RAF inhibitors, and guide the design of “next-generation” inhibitors for deployment in RAF- or RAS-driven malignancies. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4840–51. ©2013 AACR.