bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon monoxide poisoning and risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chung Wei-Sheng , Lin Cheng-Li , Kao Chia-Hung 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundFew studies have investigated the relationship between carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Therefore, we conducted a nationwide longitudinal cohort study in Taiwan to determine whether patients with CO poisoning are associated with increased risk of developing DVT and PE.MethodsThis study investigated the incidence and risk factors for DVT and PE in 8316 patients newly diagnosed with CO poisoning from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2011. The comparison cohort contained 33 264 controls without CO poisoning from the general population. Follow-up was initiated on the date of initial diagnosis of CO poisoning and continued until the date of a DVT or PE event, censoring or December 31, 2011. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyse the risk of DVT and PE according to sex, age and comorbidities.ResultsThe incidences of DVT and PE were higher in the patients with CO poisoning than in the controls (5.67 vs 1.47/10 000 person-years and 1.97 vs 1.02/10 000 person-years, respectively). After adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities, the patients with CO poisoning were associated with a 3.85-fold higher risk of DVT compared with the comparison cohort, and non-significantly associated with risk of PE. CO poisoning patients with a coexisting comorbidity or acute respiratory failure were associated with significantly and substantially increased risk of DVT.ConclusionRisk of DVT is significantly higher in patients with CO poisoning than in the general population.
Exploratory data analysis of the Large Scale Gas Injection Test (Lasgit) dataset, focusing on ‘second-order’ events around macro-scale gas flows
Authors: Bennett D. P. , Cuss R. J. , Vardon P. J. , Harrington J. F. , Sedighi M. , Thomas H. R. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The Large Scale Gas Injection Test (Lasgit) is a field-scale experiment designed to study the impact of gas build-up and subsequent migration through an engineered barrier system (EBS). Lasgit has a substantial experimental dataset containing in excess of 26 million datum points. The dataset is anticipated to contain a wealth of information, ranging from long-term trends and system behaviours to small-scale or ‘second-order’ features. In order to interrogate the Lasgit dataset, a bespoke computational toolkit, designed to expose and quantify difficult to observe phenomena in large, non-uniform datasets, has been developed and applied. Presented results focus on the investigation and interpretation of second-order events occurring in close proximity (temporally and spatially) to a known macro-scale gas flow event that occurred during the second gas injection test. The similarity of the investigated event to dilatant flow observed in laboratory experiments is noted, as is the evidence for localized flow pathways in the bentonite EBS. The sensitivity of the toolkit's ability to highlight second-order events is also evaluated.
Ethics to protect groundwater from depletion in India
Authors: Datta Partha Sarathi 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In India, demand for water has increased due to population growth and the competition induced by economic aspirations for developmental activities. Despite abundant rainfall, a few crucial issues for the water crisis are as follows: erratic rainfall and zonal disparity in the distribution of the available water and its inefficient use across different regions, unregulated groundwater extraction, worsening water quality, inefficient management and implementation of the regulations, lack of an ethical framework, and so on. Over 70% of the surface water is polluted and is unsafe for drinking/farming. More than 65% of irrigated agriculture and 80–85% of the rural and urban water supply and drinking water supply depend on groundwater. However, people have inadequate knowledge and awareness and different perceptions of this vital natural resource and how vulnerable it is. Geoscientists have a significant role to play to increase public awareness on the topic of ‘groundwater ethics’ and its interaction with people, their habits and the water in order to control indiscriminate water extraction and its wasteful utilization. To protect groundwater from depletion, emphasis should be placed on community-focused groundwater use, the price of water extraction and the costs and benefits of water allocation for irrigation needs where consumptive use is high compared to all other uses with relatively smaller water needs.
Association between C-Reactive Protein, Incident Liver Cancer, and Chronic Liver Disease Mortality in the Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trials: A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Chen Wen , Wang Jian-Bing , Abnet Christian C. , Dawsey Sanford M. , Fan Jin-Hu , Yin Liang-Yu , Yin Jian , Taylor Philip R. , Qiao You-Lin , Freedman Neal D. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of systemic inflammation that has been associated with the incidence and prognosis for a number of different cancers. Recent data suggest that CRP may be a prognostic factor for liver cancer and cirrhosis. However, few long-term studies are available.
Methods: We prospectively examined associations between serum CRP and subsequent risk of liver cancer incidence or chronic liver disease mortality in a nested case–control study performed in the Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trials cohort. Baseline serum CRP was measured for 220 incident liver cancer cases, 276 participants who died of chronic liver disease, and 1,018 age-, sex-, and trial-matched controls. Unconditional logistical regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: Compared with the lowest quartile, subjects in the fourth quartile of serum CRP had a higher risk of liver cancer incidence (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.06–2.51), with a significant Ptrend across quartiles (P = 0.01). The association with liver cancer was only significant among men (Q4 vs. Q1; OR, 2.00; 1.10–3.62), but not among women (Q4 vs. Q1; OR, 1.15; 0.60–2.22). For chronic liver disease deaths, the corresponding risk estimate in men and women was 2.95 (1.90–4.57), with a monotonic trend (P &lt; 0.001).
Conclusions: Higher serum CRP concentrations at baseline were associated with subsequent incidence of liver cancer and death from chronic liver disease.
Impact: Our findings suggest that levels of systemic inflammation may serve as a long-term marker of liver cancer and liver disease. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(2); 386–92. ©2015 AACR.
Association of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs with Colorectal Cancer by Subgroups in the VITamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study
Authors: Wang Xiaoliang , Peters Ulrike , Potter John D. , White Emily 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Background: There is substantial evidence that use of NSAIDs reduces the risk of colorectal cancer, but no subgroup has been identified for which the chemoprevention effect outweighs the risk of side effects.
Methods: We tested the interaction between NSAID use and multiple risk factors on colorectal cancer risk in the VITAL cohort. A total of 73,458 individuals ages 50 to 76 years completed a questionnaire between 2000 and 2002, and 674 incidental colorectal cancer cases were identified through 2010.
Results: In stratified analysis, high use of any type of NSAIDs (4+ days/week for 4+ years) was statistically significantly associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer across all subgroups stratified by sex, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, screening, and dietary factors. There was a suggestion of stronger associations among men, obese individuals, and heavier drinkers; however, none of these tests for interaction reached statistical significance. The associations were almost identical for subjects with higher overall colorectal cancer risk scores [HR, 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.49–0.79] and those with lower risk scores (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42–0.88). Differential effects by cancer subsites and stages were tested. NSAID use was associated with a greater risk reduction of proximal colon cancer versus distal (P for difference = 0.06) and distant stage versus local (P for difference = 0.04).
Conclusion: The association between high use of NSAIDs and colorectal cancer risk does not differ significantly among subgroups.
Impact: Our results suggest that NSAIDs have a generally beneficial role in colorectal cancer prevention, largely unmodified by other exposures. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(4); 727–35. ©2015 AACR.
Targeting Three Distinct HER2 Domains with a Recombinant Antibody Mixture Overcomes Trastuzumab Resistance
Authors: Pedersen Mikkel W. , Jacobsen Helle J. , Koefoed Klaus , Dahlman Anna , Kjær Ida , Poulsen Thomas T. , Meijer Per-Johan , Nielsen Lars S. , Horak Ivan D. , Lantto Johan , Kragh Michael 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
HER2 plays an important role in the development and maintenance of the malignant phenotype of several human cancers. As such, it is a frequently pursued therapeutic target and two antibodies targeting HER2 have been clinically approved, trastuzumab and pertuzumab. It has been suggested that optimal inhibition of HER2 is achieved when utilizing two or more antibodies targeting nonoverlapping epitopes. Superior clinical activity of the trastuzumab plus pertuzumab combination in metastatic breast cancer supports this hypothesis. Because trastuzumab and pertuzumab were not codeveloped, there may be potential for further optimizing HER2 targeting. The study herein evaluated functional activity of anti-HER2 antibody combinations identifying optimal epitope combinations that provide efficacious HER2 inhibition. High-affinity antibodies to all four extracellular domains on HER2 were identified and tested for ability to inhibit growth of different HER2-dependent tumor cell lines. An antibody mixture targeting three HER2 subdomains proved to be superior to trastuzumab, pertuzumab, or a combination in vitro and to trastuzumab in two in vivo models. Specifically, the tripartite antibody mixture induced efficient HER2 internalization and degradation demonstrating increased sensitivity in cell lines with HER2 amplification and high EGFR levels. When compared with individual and clinically approved mAbs, the synergistic tripartite antibody targeting HER2 subdomains I, II, and IV demonstrates superior anticancer activity. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(3); 669–80. ©2015 AACR.
ATF4 Gene Network Mediates Cellular Response to the Anticancer PAD Inhibitor YW3-56 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Shu , Chen Xiangyun Amy , Hu Jing , Jiang Jian-kang , Li Yunfei , Chan-Salis Ka Yim , Gu Ying , Chen Gong , Thomas Craig , Pugh B. Franklin , Wang Yanming 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
We previously reported that a pan-PAD inhibitor, YW3-56, activates p53 target genes to inhibit cancer growth. However, the p53-independent anticancer activity and molecular mechanisms of YW3-56 remain largely elusive. Here, gene expression analyses found that ATF4 target genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response were activated by YW3-56. Depletion of ATF4 greatly attenuated YW3-56–mediated activation of the mTORC1 regulatory genes SESN2 and DDIT4. Using the ChIP-exo method, high-resolution genomic binding sites of ATF4 and CEBPB responsive to YW3-56 treatment were generated. In human breast cancer cells, YW3-56–mediated cell death features mitochondria depletion and autophagy perturbation. Moreover, YW3-56 treatment effectively inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer xenograft tumors in nude mice. Taken together, we unveiled the anticancer mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of the pan-PAD inhibitor YW3-56. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(4); 877–88. ©2015 AACR.
Galectin-3 Predicts Long-Term Cardiovascular Death in High-Risk Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Maiolino Giuseppe , Rossitto Giacomo , Pedon Luigi , Cesari Maurizio , Frigo Anna Chiara , Azzolini Matteo , Plebani Mario , Rossi Gian Paolo 
Published: January 2015

Objective—
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) can affect atherogenesis by multiple mechanisms, but it remains scarcely known whether plasma Gal-3 levels predict cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. Therefore, we investigated if Gal-3 predicts cardiovascular death in patients with coronary artery disease of the Genetic and ENvironmental factors In Coronary Artery disease study.

Approach and Results—

In a prospective cohort study, we measured the plasma levels of Gal-3 in 1013 randomly selected patients who underwent coronary angiography and long-term follow-up to assess incident cardiovascular events. The primary end points were (1) cardiovascular death and (2) a composite of cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, and stroke. Secondary end points entailed (1) acute myocardial infarction, (2) stroke, and (3) a composite fatal ischemic event including fatal myocardial infarction and stroke. The effect of Gal-3 on prognosis was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariate Cox’s regression. During long-term follow-up (median, 7.2 years), 115 cardiovascular deaths occurred (15.2%), more commonly in the high Gal-3 tertile (25.2%) than in the intermediate and the low tertiles (13.6% versus 7.5%, respectively;
P
<0.001). The adverse prognostic effect of high Gal-3 was confirmed in subgroup analysis of the patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease and also of those with a normal left ventricular ejection fraction. At multivariate analysis, Gal-3 was a predictor of cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 1.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–2.93;
P
=0.020) along with age, left ventricular ejection fraction, and coronary atherosclerotic burden.

Conclusions—
In high cardiovascular risk patients referred for coronary angiography Gal-3 is a strong independent predictor of cardiovascular death.
Ligidium acutangulum sp. nov., a new species of terrestrial Isopoda (Oniscidea, Ligiidae) from China
Authors: Li Wei-Chun 
Published: January 2015

A new species of terrestrial Isopoda, Ligidium acutangulum sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on material from China. The new species can be diagnosed by the apical part of the pleopod 2 endopod being acutely triangular, the inner margin straight, and the outer margin concave near a well-developed process. Type specimens are deposited in the Insect Museum, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P. R. China.
Lipase activity sensitive to dopamine, glucagon and cyclic AMP in the hepatopancreas of the euryhaline burrowing crab Neohelice granulata (Dana, 1851) (Decapoda, Grapsidae)
Authors: Michiels María S. , del Valle Juana C. , López Mañanes Alejandra A. 
Published: January 2015

We studied the biochemical characteristics and modulation by dopamine, glucagon and cAMP of lipase activity in hepatopancreas of the euryhaline crabNeohelice granulata(Dana, 1851), considered to be an emergent model for biochemical, physiological and ecological research. Lipase activity was maximum at pH 8.5; it exhibited Michaelis-Menten kinetics (apparent ), was highest at 37°C but appeared to be cold- and heat-tolerant, since it was high at 4°C and at 45°C. Lipase activity was enhanced upon incubation of hepatopancreas with 10−4 M dopamine (about 100%), 2 × 10−3 M glucagon (about 250%) and 10−4 M cAMP (about 150%) suggesting a role of these chemical messengers in mechanisms of regulation of lipolytic activities and its direct effect on the hepatopancreas. The concomitant decrease in triglycerides content upon dopamine and cAMP treatment suggests a link between enhanced lipase activity by these messengers and triglycerides catabolism.
Modeling Regional Crop Yield and Irrigation Demand Using SMAP Type of Soil Moisture Data
Authors: El Sharif Husayn , Wang Jingfeng , Georgakakos Aris P. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Agricultural models, such as the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer cropping system model (DSSAT-CSM), have been developed for predicting crop yield at field and regional scales and to provide useful information for water resources management. A potentially valuable input to agricultural models is soil moisture. Presently, no observations of soil moisture exist covering the entire United States at adequate time (daily) and space (~10 km or less) resolutions desired for crop yield assessments. Data products from NASA’s upcoming Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission will fill the gap. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the usefulness of the SMAP soil moisture data in modeling and forecasting crop yields and irrigation amount. A simple, efficient data assimilation algorithm is presented in which the agricultural crop model DSSAT-CSM is constrained to produce modeled crop yield and irrigation amounts that are consistent with SMAP-type data. Numerical experiments demonstrate that incorporating the SMAP data into the agricultural model provides an added benefit of reducing the uncertainty of modeled crop yields when the weather input data to the crop model are subject to large uncertainty.
Primary care-led dementia diagnosis services in South Gloucestershire: Themes from people and families living with dementia and health care professionals
Authors: Dodd Emily , Cheston Richard , Cullum Sarah , Jefferies Rosalyn , Ismail Sanda , Gatting Lauren , Fear Tina , Gray Richard 
Published: January 2015

Background Primary care-led dementia services are an increasingly common form of service delivery; however, little is known about how these services are understood by their main stakeholders: the patients, family members and health care professionals. A primary care-led dementia service was piloted in the South Gloucestershire area during 2012, in which general practitioners (GPs) led the process of assessment and establishing a diagnosis. Of the 26 surgeries in the area, 11 initially agreed to participate in the pilot, with 12 more joining the project by the end of December 2012. Aim The aim of this study was to provide a qualitative analysis of the experiences of health care professionals, patients and their families, of the new process of assessment, diagnosis and treatment of dementia within a primary care service. Methods Four patients, three care-givers and eight health care professionals were interviewed by peer researchers – all of whom were current care-givers. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s model. Data were also gathered about the number of referrals and what happened to these referrals. Results Themes gathered into four main areas: ‘ the journey’, ‘what next?’, ‘the benefits and limits of primary care’ and ‘are GPs getting it right’? Conclusions The analysis provided a perspective on the experiences of patients, family members and health care professionals involved in the relocation of part of the memory service, from secondary care (memory clinics) to primary care, being piloted in South Gloucestershire. This identified both practical issues to be improved upon as well as possible barriers.
Use of automated medication adherence monitoring in bipolar disorder research: pitfalls, pragmatics, and possibilities
Authors: Levin Jennifer B. , Sams Johnny , Tatsuoka Curtis , Cassidy Kristin A. , Sajatovic Martha 
Published: January 2015

Objectives: Medication nonadherence occurs in 20–60% of persons with bipolar disorder (BD) and is associated with serious negative outcomes, including relapse, hospitalization, incarceration, suicide and high healthcare costs. Various strategies have been developed to measure adherence in BD. This descriptive paper summarizes challenges and workable strategies using electronic medication monitoring in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) in patients with BD. Methods: Descriptive data from 57 nonadherent individuals with BD enrolled in a prospective RCT evaluating a novel customized adherence intervention versus control were analyzed. Analyses focused on whole group data and did not assess intervention effects. Adherence was assessed with the self-reported Tablets Routine Questionnaire and the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS). Results: The majority of participants were women (74%), African American (69%), with type I BD (77%). Practical limitations of MEMS included misuse in conjunction with pill minders, polypharmacy, cost, failure to bring to research visits, losing the device, and the device impacting baseline measurement. The advantages were more precise measurement, less biased recall, and collecting data from past time periods for missed interim visits. Conclusions: Automated devices such as MEMS can assist investigators in evaluating adherence in patients with BD. Knowing the anticipated pitfalls allows study teams to implement preemptive procedures for successful implementation in BD adherence studies and can help pave the way for future refinements as automated adherence assessment technologies become more sophisticated and readily available.
Transumbilical glove port: A cost-effective method for single-incision laparoscopic hepatectomy
Authors: Miyata Ryohei , Kameyama Noriaki , Tomita Masato , Mitsuhashi Hiroaki , Baba Shigeaki , Amemiya Ryusuke , Amada En 
Published: January 2015

Objectives: Emerging concepts of “reduced port surgery” have gained considerable attention from laparoscopic surgeons, including the field of liver resection. To date, 86 cases of single-incision laparoscopic hepatectomy (SILH) have been reported, with commercially available access devices being used in most of these cases. We report herein a use of homemade transumbilical glove port for SILH. Methods: A 39-year-old woman represented giant hepatic hemangioma (9-cm in size) located at the left lateral segment (S2/3). Partial hepatectomy was performed by the glove method via single port access with conventional laparoscopic bipolar forceps, grasper and scissors without the need of any single-port specific devices. Results: The operative time was 77 minutes, and intraoperative blood loss was 50 mL. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusions: Glove method not only has significant advantages in terms of cost, but also is superior in its versatility, allowing wider range of movements compared to conventional access devices. Taking in consideration its cost effectiveness and versatility, glove method may be a good option for SILH.