bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does cyclodextrin affect penetration of diclofenac sodium through amniotic membrane?
Authors: RESCH M , MARSOVSZKY L , BUDAI‐SZUCS M , SOOS J , BERKO SZ , SIPOS P , NEMETH J , SZABO‐REVESZ P , CSANYI E 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To investigate permeability of amniotic membrane (AM) to diclofenac sodium containing eye drops with or without cyclodextrin (CD)Methods Cryopreserved AM pieces on cellulose acetate filter membranes were mounted in the previously established vertical Franz‐diffusion cell system equipped with autosampler. In vitro penetration of two commercially available eyedrops containing 0.1% diclofenac sodium was examined. Voltaren Ophtha CD (VO, with CD) and Uniclophen (UN, without CD) were compared. Drug release was determined by quantitative absorbance measurement carried out with a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results The initial two hours, release of diclofenac from VO was lower than penetration of diclofenac from UN. At 30 minutes only 6.6% of diclofenac penetrated AM from VO vs 11.5% from UN. At 2 hours difference between two eyedrops was not siginificant (25.69% for VO and 27.39% for UN; p>0.05). After two hours, greater concentration of VO could be measured in the acceptor phase than that of UN and this difference remained significant over the study period. Seven and half hour after instillation we detected 56.26% for VO versus 35.62% for UN of baseline concentrationsConclusion Drug penetration of diclofenac sodium was affected by CD. Until 120 minutes following instillation, CD decreased drug release from eyedrop containing CD compared to eyedrop without CD. After 2 hours, however drug penetration became significantly greater from solution with CD compared to solution without CD.
Circulating blood glutathione levels influence retinal microvascular function in healthy individuals
Authors: SESHADRI S , QIN L , MROCZKOWSKA S , PATEL S , GHERGHEL D 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To assess the relationship between retinal vessel reactivity and oxidative stress markers in the systemic circulation.Methods Two hundred and twenty four healthy volunteers (aged 20‐70 years) free of cardiovascular risk factors based on medical history, lipid profiles, blood pressure, and body mass index were included in this study. Measurements included plasma cholesterol, blood glucose, triglycerides, oxidized (GSSG) and reduced (GSH) forms of glutathione. Arterial and venous retinal vessel reactivity was assessed using the dynamic retinal vessel analyser (DVA, IMEDOS, Germany) according to an already established protocol.Results A simple correlation model showed that arterial and venous dilation amplitude was inversely with correlated with age (r= ‐0.4041, p= 0.0001; r= ‐.4045, p= 0.0001, respectively). Forward step‐wise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that independent of age and other systemic influences, blood GSH levels were positively correlated with arterial and venous percent dilation (β= 0.158, p= 0.0133; β= 0.224, p= 0.0004, respectively), and overall dilation amplitude (β= 0.245, p = 0.0003; β= 0.230, p= 0.0006, respectively). In addition, blood GSH levels negatively influenced the arterial constriction response slope (SlopeAC: β= ‐1.722, p= 0.0024), while GSH and overall redox status (GSH/GSSG) influenced percent constriction in both the artery (β= ‐0.345, p=0.0002, β= ‐0.229, p= 0.0462, respectively) and vein (β= ‐0.253, p= 0.0001; β= ‐0.156, p= 0.0177, respectively).Conclusion In otherwise healthy individuals, retinal microvascular function is influenced by systemic anti‐oxidative capacity.
Correlation between SD‐OCT, immunocytochemistry and functional findings in an animal model of retinal degeneration
Authors: PINILLA I , FERNANDEZ‐SANCHEZ L , SEGURA FJ , SANCHEZ‐CANO A , SAUVE Y , TAMARIT JM , LOPEZ DE LA FUENTE C , FUENTES‐BROTO L , HERRERA LX , CUENCA N 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose The P23H rhodopsin mutation is an extensively studied model of ADRP. We evaluated the anatomical changes using SD‐OCT and correlate the findings and retinal thickness values with immunocytochemistry. Functional changes were analyzedMethods Heterozygous P23H pigmented transgenic rats aged from P18 to P180 were studied. LE rats bred with Sprague Dawley (SD) 1 month old served as wild type controls. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity evaluation was performed every month. Corneal ERGs were recorded under scotopic and photopic conditions. Retinal thicknesses at different levels (total thickness, ONL + RPE, ONL and IPL), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and fluorescein angiography was performed in 3 animals at P150 using Spectralis OCT and HRA (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). Retinas were immunostained for ICC.Results Retinal thicknesses diminution was seen in OCT sections, with a clear loss of ONL and morphological modifications. Statically differences were found between groups in all evaluated thicknesses. In the P23H rats, change in FAF was noted comparing to control group, as sparse autofluorescent dots. No relevant changes were observed in the angiography pattern. ICC showed a progressive decrease in ONL thickness. Functional changes were progressive with time.Conclusion Anatomical changes in pigmented P23H can be observed using SD‐OCT and immunocytochemistry, with a good correlation between their values. SD‐OCT and FAF are important tools for research in retinal degenerations.
The frequency of idiopathic retinal detachment has seasonal variation and correlated with climate – A survey in Japan
Authors: TAKETANI Y , INAMOCHI K , MAYAMA C , ASAOKA R , MURATA H , NOMOTO Y 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Several studies have reported that rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) has a high incidence in the summer season and it correlates with increased sunshine hours and the average temperature. However, there is no report in Japan where seasonal changes in climate are rather distinct. In this study, we examined the seasonal variation of the frequency of RRD and the influence of climate. Asahi General Hospital is located in Asahi city (Chiba, Japan) where there is only a small change of population and furthermore, there is no other hub hospital in the city.Methods Medical records of consecutive 271 patients (>13‐year‐old) who had surgery for idiopathic RRD at Asahi General Hospital from January 2007 to December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The incidence of RRD was counted by months and seasons, and its seasonal variation and the correlation with the climate factors including the sunshine hours, temperature, humidity, and rainfall were examined. Result:Results 271 RRD eyes of 271 patients (176 male and 95 female, 56.0±15.0 years old) were included in the study.The RRD occurred most frequently in early summer (May to June, 21%), and least frequently in winter (January to February, 14%). Its frequency was significantly correlated with increased sunshine hours (r=0.71, P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of RRD has an increasing trend in summer season in Japan, similarly to the previous reports in Asia, Middle East and Europe. It also positively correlated with increased sunshine hours and average temperature. These findings could suggest the influence of increased opportunity of outdoor‐activities and miosis by sunshine on the occurrence of RRD
Simultaneous SD‐OCT and fundus autofluorescence imaging of the macula after successful repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: CHAKER N , MGHAIETH F , BOURAOUI R , GHRIBI H , EL MATRI L 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the ultrastructural changes in the macula after successful repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (sdOCT) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imagingMethods Simultaneous sdOCT (Topcon 2000 FA plus) and FAF imaging were performed with a system for FAF imaging using a fundus camera that included Spaide Autofluorescence filters available on IMAGEnet.Results 31 patients with macular‐off RRD and 2 with macular‐on RRD were recruited. Post operative visual acuity ranged from 20/400 to 20/20. SdOCT images were normal in 18 eyes (54.5%), revealed macular edema in 9 eyes (27.2%), macular hole in 2 eyes (6%), macular pucker in 3 eyes (9%), submacular fluid in 2 eyes (6%). Fundus autofluorescence imaging of the macula were normal in 13 eyes (39.3%).There were central abnormalities in 14 eyes. Patients with abnormal FAF were also associated with poor postoperative BCVA (p<0.001)Conclusion The present study demonstrates the ultrastructural changes assessed with simultaneous FAF and sdOCT and their relation with visual outcome
Cytologic analysis in vitreo‐retinal surgery
Authors: BENISTY D , HAYATE F , BOULAGNON C , DUCASSE A , ARNDT C 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the leading cause of failure in retinal detachment surgery. The migration of retinal pigment epithelial cells and the proliferation of the extracellular matrix has been associated with PVR. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare the cellular contents of the vitreous of patients undergoing retinal detachment surgery with patients scheduled for macular surgery.Methods The vitreous samples of patients with epiretinal membrane and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were obtained at the initial phase of surgery without previous intraocular infusion. A cytological analysis and Papanicolaou staining was performed in all cases. The concentration of vitreous cells in 62 patients with retinal detachment and 62 undergoing macular surgery (52 epiretinal membranes, 6 macular holes and 4 vitreomacular traction syndromes) were analyzed semi‐quantitatively.Results An increased concentration of vitreous cells and free pigment was observed in a higher proportion in retinal detachment specimens compared with patients undergoing macular surgey. In the retinal detachment group, there was a higher amount of hyalocytes (p=0,017) and macrophages (p=0,00865). There was no correlation between any cell concentration and PVR induced recurrence of retinal detachment. Interestingly, in the vitreous of eyes with vitreomacular traction, no cells could be detected.Conclusion Vitreous changes observed in patients with retinal detachment appear to involve vitreous cells particularly hyalocytes and macrophages, whereas in vitreomacular traction, syndromes no cellular reaction could be detected.
Purtscher‐like retinopathy associated with acute pancreatitis at Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos
Authors: PAULAVICIENE R , STRELKAUSKAITE E , ASOKLIS R , STRUPAITE R 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To report two cases of Purtscher‐like retinopathy associated with acute pancreatitis.Methods Retrospective analysis of two cases of Purtscher‐like retinopathy associated with acute pancreatitis. Fluorescein angiography (FAG), retinal photography, laboratory tests, computer tomography (CT) were analyzed.Results 2 cases were identified in a period from 2007 to 2013. The first, 57 y.o patient with a history of recently treated acute pancreatitis, was referred to clinic 2 weeks after visual impairment. Visual acuity (VA) was 0,3 in the right eye and 0,25 in the left eye. FAG revealed prolonged arterio‐venous passage time, enlarged foveal avascular zone (FAZ), fluorescein blockage temporal to optic nerve disc due to soft exudates. Patient was treated with systemic steroids intravenously. VA improved to 1,0 after 9 days of treatment. The second, 39 years old patient was referred to our clinic 3 days after visual impairment. At the time of hospitalization despite patients normal vital signs, laboratory tests and CT revealed acute pancreatitis and reactive hepatitis. VA was hand motion in the right eye and 0,01 in the left eye. FAG showed large FAZ and evidence of leakage from vessels in the late phase. After treatment with intravenous steroids, VA improved to counting fingers at 30 cm in the right eye and 0,03 in the left eye.Conclusion Prognosis of Purtscher‐like retinopathy may depend on systemic disease severity, VA in early stages and the presence of macular ischemia. Pancreatitis‐associated retinopathy is rare and there are no evidence‐based therapeutic recommendations.
Hypertensive retinopathy complicated with bilateral retinal neovascularization: PRP versus intravitreal anti‐VEGF treatment
Authors: XIROU T , BATSOS G , GEORGIADIS O , XIROU V , FERETIS E , KABANAROU SA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To report a case of hypertensive retinopathy with bilateral retinal neovascularization treated with anti‐VEGF intravitreal injection in one eye and panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in the fellow eye.Methods A 33‐year‐old male patient presented with gradual visual loss in both eyes for the last five months. From his medical history, idiopathic systematic hypertension was diagnosed five months ago. There was no other relevant medical or family history. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was CF in the right eye and 8/10 in the left eye. Anterior segment examination was unremarkable on both eyes. Fundus examination showed abnormalities in both eyes compatible with hypertensive retinopathy and extensive areas of neovascularization. OCT examination showed no evidence of macular oedema. Fluorescein angiography (FFA) revealed macular ischaemia in the right eye and large areas of retinal ischemia and retinal neovascularization with vascular leakage, mainly across the temporal arcades, in both eyes. Indocyanine green angiography (ICG) showed no further pathology. Patient was treated with an anti‐VEGF (ranibizumab) intravitreal injection in the right eye and PRP laser in the left eye.Results Follow up examination one and two months post‐operatively showed no change in BCVA in either eye. FFA documented regression of retinal neovascularization mainly in the right, while in the left eye there were still areas of vascular leakage across the temporal arcades.Conclusion Hypertensive retinopathy can be rarely complicated with retinal neovascularization.
Response of retinal pigment epithelial detachments to intravitreal aflibercept in neovascular age‐related macular degeneration refractory ranibizumab
Authors: OGATA N , HASEGAWA T , YAMASHITA M , OKAMOTO M 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Recent reports demonstrated that large retinal pigment epithelial detachments (PED) associated with neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) was successfully treated with aflibercept. The aim of this study is to report unexpected short‐term response of aflibercept in the treatment of AMD with associated large PED which had been failed to ranibizumab treatment.Methods The method comprised a retrospective review of the medical records of patients with PEDs associated neovascular AMD and recently treated with aflibercept and previously treated with ranibizumab.Results Two eyes of male Japanese patients of ages 79 and 80 years old with large serous PEDs and subretinal fluid (SRF) associated with occult choroidal neovascularization and neovascular AMD were treated with aflibercept after intravitreal ranibizumab had failed to resolve the lesions. All had complete resolution of SRF and complete or near‐ complete resolution of the serous PEDs after aflibercept injections over a 2‐month period. However, after the second injection of aflibercep, all eyes displayed fibrovascular PED in the lesion where serous PED was observed. Moreover, one eye presented a sudden retinal hemorrhage and a recurrent PED just after the third injection of aflibercept, and the visual acuity decreased 10/20 to 2/20.Conclusion Intravitreal aflibercept may be carefully applied for for serous PED in neovascular AMD patients after ranibizumab have previously failed. Larger studies with longer follow‐up are required to determine the role of aflibercept in treatment of serous PED in neovascular AMD.
Neovascular AMD with high recurrences and atrophic areas ‐ Potential relationship between neovascular complication and atrophy
Authors: GONZALEZ C 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the possible relationship between Neovascular complication and atrophy and each one characteristics inputMethods 144 eyes of 72 patients, 21 men, 51 women, 72 with retrofoveolar neovascularisation complicating AMD, high recurrences, and atrophic areas,72 controlateral eye with atrophic areas only. First and 2 months’ interval follow‐up exam included ETDRS visual acuity (VA), complete ophthalmic examination, fluorescein and infracyanine (ICG) angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), (HRA Spectralis‐OCT), Autofluorescence imaging (FAF),( region finder software,to evaluate Atrophic areas). Protocol treatment: Series of 3 monthly Ranibizumab IVT, in loading dose and as Neovascular activity needed. Atrophic areas characteristics, their growth way were studied. The impacts of atrophy on high recurrence Neovascular AMD, and vice versa are valuate, compared to own atrophy evolution and average Neovascular evolving wayResults VA improved in 34% cases, stabilized in 37%. Total Atrophic area surface was 0‐ 5mm2 in 65%, (4, 898 mm2average),with moderate(1,817 mm2average)and slow (1,481 mm2/year average) growth.14% more in Neovascular eye. 24% more than low recurrences Neovascular AMD. Little correlation between Atrophy growth and number of Neovascular recurrences. Both are different process. Being together increase Neovascular risk and lower treatment response. This protocol had good functional results, with less IVT needed even if frequent recurrences, and a little impact on the evolution of atrophic areasConclusion Potential relationship between Neovascular and Atrophic process is a main question in the AMD follow –up, protocol treatments options,etiopathogenic knowledge and therapeutic prospects.
Clinical manifestation of retinal pigment epithelial tear after age‐related macular degeneration treatment
Authors: CHAE JB , JOE SG 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To determine the risk factors for and responses of treatments after the development of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tears after treatment of exudative age‐related macular degeneration (AMD)Methods A retrospective, consecutive chart review was performed for all patients with exudative AMD treated with intravitreal anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody or photodynamic therapy (PDT) between March 2010 and January 2013. The main outcome measures were time from first injection until development of RPE tear, and pre‐RPE and post‐RPE tear visual acuity. The post‐RPE tear visual acuity conservational interval was defined between the time RPE tear occurred and the time visual acuity was decreased 0.1(decimal) from pre‐RPE tear visual acuity.Results A total of 219 eyes were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab, ranibizumab or PDT. 10 eyes from 10 patients developed a RPE tear(4.6%). 3 of 10 eyes were polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). The average RPE tear patients’ age was 75.4 years which is statistically greater than the others’(65.7 years)(p=0.001). 90%(9/10) of the RPE tears occurred within the first 12 weeks of treatment initiation. The number of patients conserving whose post‐RPE tear visual acuity was 5(50%) and their visual acuity was conserved until about 4 months. However, all 10 patients had poor visual acuity within 1 year follow‐up period.Conclusion RPE tears can occur after treatments for exudative AMD in more elder patients. Visual acuity could be conserved at early period after RPE tear occurred. However, visual acuity finally decreased within 1 year in spite of continuous treatment.
Choroidal thickness in dry age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: ZABADANI K , ASCASO FJ , HERRERA L , PADGETT E , NUÑEZ E , CRISTOBAL JA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To compare the choroidal thickness (CT) in the macular area in eyes with nonexudative age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) with that of unaffected fellow eyes and eyes of healthy controls.Methods Enhanced depth imaging (EDI) was obtained by spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) (Spectralis, Heidelberg‐Engineering, Germany) in 47 eyes of 52 patients (78.7 ± 7.1 years) with AMD, 96 eyes of 96 healthy controls (74.0 ± 8.5 years) and in 5 unaffected contralateral eyes (68.6 ± 14.4 years). Eyes were divided into 3 groups: 47 eyes in group A (affected eyes with AMD), 5 eyes in group B (unaffected fellow eyes), and 96 eyes in group C (right eyes of age‐matched controls). Choroidal thickness was measured from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium to the choroid‐scleral junction in the subfoveal area (SCT) and 1 mm away from the fovea in the nasal (NCT) and temporal (TCT) regions. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare mean choroidal thicknesses.Results In the AMD group the mean choroidal thicknesses were 164.9 ± 62.4 µm at the fovea (SCT), 150.7 ± 64.8 µm nasally (NCT), and 171.1 ± 63.3 µm temporally (TCT). In the unafected fellow eyes these measurements were 219.2 ± 143 µm, 215.8 ± 129.1 µm, and 226.2 ± 113 µm, respectively. Finally, the control group showed the following values: 234.9 ± 100.4 µm, 224.7± 96.4 µm, and 233.0 ± 95.5 µm, respectively. Choroidal thickness did not show any statistically significant differences among the three groups of eyes when age was counted as a confounding variable (p>0.05, ANOVA test).Conclusion There were no significant differences between choroidal thickness of nonexudative age‐related macular degeneration with the contralateral unaffected eye or the control group.
Topographic distribution of vascular and neurodegenerative signs in type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia
Authors: SALLO F , LEUNG I , BALASKAS K , PAULEIKHOFF D , BIRD AC , PETO T 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) is associated with characteristic vascular signs including leakage/staining on fluorescein angiography (FA) as well as neurodegenerative signs including a progressive loss of luteal pigment. The distribution of luteal pigment can be assessed by dual‐wavelength autofluorescence (DWAF) imaging. Our aim was to investigate the relationship of vascular and neurodegenerative signs of type 2 MacTel in FA and DWAF images.Methods FA and DWAF images were acquired using a Heidelberg Spectralis SLO and a HRA Classic SLO device respectively. Thirty eyes of 30 MacTel patients were examined. Images were aligned to attain exact correspondence. Staging of luteal pigment loss in DWAF images was performed according to the system developed by Zeimer et al. The extent of abnormalities in the two imaging modalities was compared.Results According to severity of luteal pigment loss, 6 eyes were at stage 1, 14 at stage 2 and 10 at stage 3. At stages 2 and 3, the area with early FA changes was always smaller and contained within the area of luteal pigment loss. This also held true for stage 1 except in very early cases with minimal pigment loss. In these, FA changes, especially late staining appeared more extensive. Dense pigment plaques appeared as masking dark areas in both FA and DWAF images with hyperfluorescent spots in DWAF. Subretinal neovascularization broke up the pattern in 3 eyes.Conclusion Our results indicate that in non‐neovascular type 2 MacTel, luteal pigment loss appears more extensive than vascular change. The relative time sequence of changes may provide clues to the primary underlying cause. Confirmation on a larger sample with follow‐up is indicated.