bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Pitched Sound is Open and Low‐Pitched Sound is Closed: Representing the Spatial Meaning of Pitch Height
Authors: Vainio Lari , Myllylä Ida‐Lotta , Wikström Alexandra , Vainio Martti 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResearch shows that high‐ and low‐pitch sounds can be associated with various meanings. For example, high‐pitch sounds are associated with small concepts, whereas low‐pitch sounds are associated with large concepts. This study presents three experiments revealing that high‐pitch sounds are also associated with open concepts and opening hand actions, while low‐pitch sounds are associated with closed concepts and closing hand actions. In Experiment 1, this sound‐meaning correspondence effect was shown using the two‐alternative forced‐choice task, while Experiments 2 and 3 used reaction time tasks to show this interaction. In Experiment 2, high‐pitch vocalizations were found to facilitate opening hand gestures, and low‐pitch vocalizations were found to facilitate closing hand gestures, when performed simultaneously. In Experiment 3, high‐pitched vocalizations were produced particularly rapidly when the visual target stimulus presented an open object, and low‐pitched vocalizations were produced particularly rapidly when the target presented a closed object. These findings are discussed concerning the meaning of intonational cues. They are suggested to be based on cross‐modally representing conceptual spatial knowledge in sensory, motor, and affective systems. Additionally, this pitch‐opening effect might share cognitive processes with other pitch‐meaning effects.
Mechanical stress‐induced autophagy is cytoskeleton dependent
Authors: Liu Lin , Zheng Wei , Wei Yuhui , Li Qian , Chen Nan , Xia Qinglin , Wang Lihua , Hu Jun , Zhou Xingfei , Sun Yanhong , Li Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe cytoskeleton is essential for mechanical signal transduction and autophagy. However, few studies have directly demonstrated the contribution of the cytoskeleton to mechanical stress‐induced autophagy. We explored the role of the cytoskeleton in response to compressive force‐induced autophagy in human cell lines. Inhibition and activation of cytoskeletal polymerization using small chemical molecules revealed that cytoskeletal microfilaments are required for changes in the number of autophagosomes, whereas microtubules play an auxiliary role in mechanical stress‐induced autophagy. The intrinsic mechanical properties and special intracellular distribution of microfilaments may account for a large proportion of compression‐induced autophagy. Our experimental data support that microfilaments are core components of mechanotransduction signals.
Friend or foe? Engaging public can save the critically endangered common hamster (Cricetus cricetus)
Authors: Szapu Julianna Szulamit , Lanszki József , Pongrácz Péter , Cserkész Tamás 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe common hamster (Cricetus cricetus) occupies a controversial position among mammals inhabiting agricultural areas, as it is possibly the only critically endangered species that is legally targeted by lethal control methods, making it a conflict‐generating pest. We surveyed various stakeholders, agrarian consultants, wildlife rangers, and residents for the first time in Hungary, with two interrelated questionnaires to obtain accurate information about hamster populations, and to learn about the participants knowledge of, and attitude toward hamsters in order to provide fundamental information for planning and strengthening social embeddedness. Additionally, we prepared the current distribution map of the hamster. Based on the relatively wide distribution and locally high abundance of the species, Hungary has a key role in hamster conservation. We identified several factors, which can contribute to successful species protection. The results indicated that more than 60% of the respondent's liked hamsters. In contrast, only a few residents considered hamsters in their settlement to be beneficial. Our results suggest that the hamster's reputation is disproportionately negative due to vaguely known perceptions of harm as compared with actual reported damage. This imbalance could be rectified through enhanced communication efforts. Improving the species' reputation is integral to effective species conservation initiatives. Current pest control practices (poisons and snap traps) kill the hamsters, even though 82% of the residents would prefer to keep the hamsters alive, conforming to conservation efforts. The results also indicated that the hamster could be a flagship species in Hungary. Knowledge of the protected status of the hamster predicted a positive attitude toward the species and related to nature conservation consciousness. We conclude that requirements of residents should be included in the species action plan along with the experts' knowledge, as this could contribute to successful, long‐term conservation of the hamster.
How would estimation of geographic range shifts of marine fishes be different when using occurrence and abundance data?
Authors: Lai Yin‐Zheng , Lin Ying‐Chung Jimmy , Ko Chia‐Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimGeographic range shifts are a common species' response to climate change. While occurrence data are commonly used to estimate species' geographical range shifts, ongoing debate suggests that local abundance data may be increasingly important for the estimates, but few studies have investigated differences between the above two types of data. We aimed to explore whether occurrence and abundance data would result in different patterns of geographic range shifts for marine fishes.LocationNortheast US Continental Shelf, North Sea, and East Bering Sea.MethodsWe used bottom trawl datasets since 1968 in the three large marine communities to assess whether data types would affect estimated shifts in marine fish species. The range centroids of individual species were first estimated every year and linear regressions were fitted to estimate shift rates in both longitudinal and latitudinal directions. The average range centroids of the last 5 years were used to compare differences between the data types in species' shifts. We then grouped species by traits to overview species compositions.ResultsSignificant differences in shift trends between regressions based on annual occurrence‐ and abundance‐based range centroids were found in species' longitudinal shifts, particularly in the Northeast US Continental Shelf and North Sea. Approximately 38.5%–45.9% of fish species in the large marine communities had inconsistent shift directions when estimated by different data types. In comparison with the average range centroids of the last 5 years between the two data types, large changes were identified in the magnitudes of the shift distances towards the east and west. Fish species with inconsistent shifts between the two data types were mostly composed of commercial and demersal species.Main ConclusionsThe results provide observed differences over decades and suggest caution on the estimation of species' geographic range shifts using occurrence and abundance data and highlight the differences for future assessments of marine species shifts under climate change.
Arthropod activity density and predation are supported by mixed cropping of maize with common sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and reduced tillage
Authors: Häfner Bastian , Schulte auf’m Erley Gunda , Gabriel Doreen , Herden Andra , Höppner Frank , Dauber Jens , Nürnberger Fabian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMixed cropping with legumes may mitigate negative impacts of maize, Zea mays L. (Poaceae), production on arthropods by providing additional habitat structures and food resources. Still, knowledge about effects of less common legume partner crops for mixed cropping of maize is scarce. Activity density of epigeic predatory arthropods and proxies for ecosystem functions related to biological pest control were assessed on an experimental field. Plots of mixed cropping of maize and sainfoin, Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. (Fabaceae), and respective single plant species (plot size: 6 × 5 m; n = 48) differed in combination of the seed rate of each partner crop and tillage treatment. Using the “rapid ecosystem function assessment” approach in each plot on three occasions, we tested whether the activity density of generalist arthropod predators and their associated ecosystem functions can be promoted by mixed cropping of maize with sainfoin. Our data show that, compared with tilled maize as a pure culture, mixed cropping can increase activity density of generalist arthropod predators and insect predation potential but effects were limited to strip‐tilled cropping systems and partly depended on sampling date. Thus, from an ecological viewpoint, mixed cropping of sainfoin and maize in strip‐till systems offers the possibility to promote predatory insects and their potential for pest regulation. However, this system is inherently more prone to weed occurrence. Competition effects between cropping partners and weeds may reduce yields and hence lead to trade‐offs between enhancement of arthropods and economic viability.
Augmented reality‐based higher order thinking skills learning media: Enhancing learning performance through self‐regulated learning, digital literacy, and critical thinking skills in vocational teacher education
Authors: Yuniarti Nurhening , Rahmawati Yuni , Anwar Muhammad , Al Hakim Vando Gusti , Hidayat Hendra , Hariyanto Didik , Husna Amelia Fauziah , Wang Jen‐Hang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPreparing high‐quality graduates is a pressing challenge in teacher education, particularly among vocational high school graduates in Indonesia who face elevated unemployment rates. This experimental study explores the impact of integrating augmented reality (AR) and higher order thinking skills (HOTS) into vocational teacher education, empowering future educators with essential skills to meet evolving educational demands. The proposed learning media served to assist students in better comprehending abstract content through HOTS‐based learning activities, improving subject mastery. We investigated the effects of AR‐based HOTS learning media on learning performance based on self‐regulated learning, digital literacy, and critical thinking, using a mixed‐method research design with 241 participants. Our results demonstrate a positive impact on these factors, underscoring the significance of effective AR‐based learning tools in enhancing the quality of vocational teacher education.
Retrieval practice in education for sustainable development: Effects on retention, attitudes, and self‐reported streaming behaviour
Authors: Mundt Daria , Albrecht Nele , Körner Anita , Ebersbach Mirjam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEducation for Sustainable Development focuses on improving environmental knowledge to combat misinformation and promote sustainable behaviours. In two experiments, we investigated whether retrieval practice, known to foster lasting knowledge acquisition, is a useful tool for (1) increasing environmental knowledge and (2) for improving environmental attitudes and behaviour (i.e., spillover effect). Participants studied a text on the effects of online streaming behaviour by means of retrieval practice or by copying the text. Knowledge gain was assessed after one (Experiment 1) and two weeks (Experiment 2). Attitudes and behaviour were assessed pre‐ and post‐intervention. In both experiments, participants recalled more environmental knowledge after retrieval practice compared to copying. Attitudes and behaviour did not differ between both groups, but attitudes increased after the intervention in both groups. Only Experiment 1 showed declining streaming times. Our findings suggest that retrieval practice enhances lasting knowledge acquisition but barely affects environmental attitudes and behaviour.
Riverscape genomics of the endangered freshwater mussel Lampsilis rafinesqueana
Authors: Hein Steven R. , Farleigh Keaka , Berg David J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Historical periods of rapid climate change and associated direct and indirect impacts such as glaciation and restructuring of drainage systems are important in shaping biodiversity, lineage divergence, and contemporary genetic variation amongst many aquatic taxa. Through an understanding of the impacts of these ancient changes in land‐ and waterscapes on current diversity, practitioners can account for a species' unique evolutionary history when developing conservation strategies.

We investigated intraspecific genetic diversity of the critically endangered freshwater mussel, Lampsilis rafinesqueana, endemic to the interior region of the U.S.A. Our study (1) characterises genetic variation within and amongst populations to infer biogeographic history and (2) applies genetic information to potential conservation strategies. We applied restriction‐site associated DNA sequencing and mitochondrial DNA sequencing to investigate genetic diversity within and amongst populations of L. rafinesqueana from across the species' distribution. We then considered this information in the context of historical riverscape processes and applicability to conservation.

Variation within rivers was similar, but we found different genetic populations associated with two major ecoregions, the Central Interior Highlands and Osage Plains. The plains population displayed an Ne value approximately 10‐fold lower than the highlands population. Historical demographic modelling suggests the two populations diverged approximately 1.2 million years ago and then both populations underwent a substantial decrease in population size around 19,700 years ago. These two major events are each correlated with known periods of historic rapid climate change.

We identified two distinct populations of a federally endangered mussel, L. rafinesqueana. Contemporary genetic diversity of this species was strongly influenced by direct and indirect impacts of rapid historic shifts in climate. The highlands population has undergone a recent expansion, typical of post‐Pleistocene climate change, while also having a much larger Ne value than the plains population. Our results suggest low levels of gene flow amongst the two distinct populations across generations. We recommend that conservation managers for this species take into account relative difference in diversity between populations when developing management strategies. In many species, assisted gene flow amongst genetically unique populations should only be considered in extreme circumstances; however, in L. rafinesqueana, low levels of assisted migration amongst populations may be a valuable tactic to maintain natural levels of genetic variation.

Our study shows that biogeographical frameworks can be useful for developing conservation strategies that serve to retain important genomic variation that represents the evolutionary potential of target freshwater species.
Enhanced nitrous oxide emission factors due to climate change increase the mitigation challenge in the agricultural sector
Authors: Li Linchao , Lu Chaoqun , Winiwarter Wilfried , Tian Hanqin , Canadell Josep G. , Ito Akihiko , Jain Atul K. , Kou‐Giesbrecht Sian , Pan Shufen , Pan Naiqing , Shi Hao , Sun Qing , Vuichard Nicolas , Ye Shuchao , Zaehle Sönke , Zhu Qing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEffective nitrogen fertilizer management is crucial for reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions while ensuring food security within planetary boundaries. However, climate change might also interact with management practices to alter N2O emission and emission factors (EFs), adding further uncertainties to estimating mitigation potentials. Here, we developed a new hybrid modeling framework that integrates a machine learning model with an ensemble of eight process‐based models to project EFs under different climate and nitrogen policy scenarios. Our findings reveal that EFs are dynamically modulated by environmental changes, including climate, soil properties, and nitrogen management practices. Under low‐ambition nitrogen regulation policies, EF would increase from 1.18%–1.22% in 2010 to 1.27%–1.34% by 2050, representing a relative increase of 4.4%–11.4% and exceeding the IPCC tier‐1 EF of 1%. This trend is particularly pronounced in tropical and subtropical regions with high nitrogen inputs, where EFs could increase by 0.14%–0.35% (relative increase of 11.9%–17%). In contrast, high‐ambition policies have the potential to mitigate the increases in EF caused by climate change, possibly leading to slight decreases in EFs. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that global EFs are expected to continue rising due to warming and regional drying–wetting cycles, even in the absence of changes in nitrogen management practices. This asymmetrical influence of nitrogen fertilizers on EFs, driven by climate change, underscores the urgent need for immediate N2O emission reductions and further assessments of mitigation potentials. This hybrid modeling framework offers a computationally efficient approach to projecting future N2O emissions across various climate, soil, and nitrogen management scenarios, facilitating socio‐economic assessments and policy‐making efforts.
Myddosomes in Toll‐like receptor signaling—one to bind and rule them all
Authors: Mathmann Carmen D , Schultz Thomas E , Domínguez Cadena Leslie C , Blumenthal Antje 
Published: August 2024

AbstractToll‐like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune sensors for the presence of pathogens and endogenous danger signals. TLR activation results in conserved intracellular signaling events that orchestrate inflammation and antimicrobial defense. While the identity and interplay of key TLR signaling components are well established, how these largely cytosolic proteins are physically connected is not well understood. For the activation of conserved intracellular signaling events, most TLRs engage the adapter MyD88 (myeloid differentiation primary response 88), which assembles into higher‐order protein complexes, myddosomes. In their recent publication, Fisch et al. present evidence that oligomeric myddosomes detach from initiating TLRs and evolve into larger scaffolds that dynamically assemble not only proximal but also distal cytosolic elements required to execute the entire cascade of the TLR–MyD88 signaling pathway. Coinciding with decline in TLR signaling over time, myddosomes progressively recruit autophagy machinery that mediates myddosome clearance. These findings expand the current understanding of TLR signaling by positioning myddosomes as the central structural element that physically assembles the key executors and regulators of TLR–MyD88‐dependent intracellular signaling cascades.
Work life–related loneliness among nurse managers and its effect on life satisfaction: Turkey's example
Authors: Türk Aytuğ , Şahan Hatice 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo determine the effects of perceived workplace loneliness on life satisfaction among nurses working as managers.BackgroundNurses working as managers often encounter negative situations, and their consequences extend beyond their professional responsibilities to encompass nonprofessional domains, including life satisfaction.MethodsThis study enrolled 158 nurse managers (NMs) after gaining their consent. Data from the descriptive cross‐sectional study were obtained using the “Descriptive Information Form,” “Loneliness in Work Life Scale,” and “Life Satisfaction Scale.” The relationship between relevant scales was assessed using Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression.FindingsA moderately strong, negative, and significant relationship was observed between work life–related loneliness and life satisfaction among NMs. Multiple regression analysis revealed that three independent variables—two LAWS subscales and the job satisfaction status—significantly affected NMs’ life satisfaction (adjusted R2 = 0.39, p < 0.001).ConclusionPerceived loneliness and professional satisfaction are important predictors of life satisfaction among NMs. Thus, it is crucial to determine the factors that negatively affect the professional satisfaction and perceived loneliness of nurses working as managers and to implement psychosocial interventions in such cases.Implications for nursing and health policyThis study demonstrates the significance of identifying problems in the professional lives of NMs, who are involved in planning nursing services and implementing interventions to address these problems.
Species evenness‐area relationships in fragmented landscapes
Authors: Liu Jinliang , Becker‐Scarpitta Antoine , Wu Chuping , Liu Jiajia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsThe relationship between habitat area and species evenness quantifies species relative abundance distribution changes across habitat fragments, providing more information than considering only the species richness to predict biodiversity distribution patterns in fragmented landscapes. However, unlike the species‐area relationships (SARs), the Species Evenness‐Area Relationship (SEARs) has yet to be explored across taxa at a large spatial scale. Here, we resolved how the relationship between species evenness and fragment area varies among taxonomic groups and environmental factors.LocationGlobal.TaxaInsecta, Aves, Amphibians and Squamata, Plantae, Arachnida, Mammalia, Mollusca.MethodsWe compiled 67 datasets from the FragSAD database, including information on fragments area, species richness, and species abundance of six taxa worldwide. We calculated the species evenness index for each fragment, which is independent of species richness, and tested the relationship between species evenness and fragment area across taxonomic groups. We also used the power model to fit SEAR for each dataset and identified landscape variables with a detectable impact on the occurrence of significant SEARs.ResultsIn contrast to the positive relationship between species richness and fragment area, species evenness was negatively affected by fragment area when controlling for other environmental factors and the relationships varied significantly among taxonomic groups. Specifically, there were significant negative associations between species evenness and fragment area for insects, birds, spiders, and mammals but not for plants and amphibians. Meanwhile, the occurrence of significant SEARs depends on the number of fragments and total fragment area.Main ConclusionsThe contrasting patterns of SEARs and SARs among taxonomic groups highlight the complexity of the mechanisms regulating biodiversity patterns. Although the number of species increases with the increase of fragment area, the decreased evenness implies community instability on larger fragments. Therefore, understanding the prevalence and underlying mechanisms in determining SEARs has critical implications for biodiversity conservation.