bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐Utility Analysis of Biologic Treatments for Moderate‐to‐Severe Crohn's Disease
Authors: Tang Derek H. , Armstrong Edward P. , Lee Jeannie K. 
Published: September 2012

Study ObjectiveTo compare the cost versus utility of four guideline‐recommended biologic treatments—infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, and natalizumab—for the treatment of Crohn's disease from a United States payer perspective.DesignCost‐utility decision analytic model using a Monte Carlo simulation of 10,000 cases.Data SourcePublished primary and tertiary literature.PatientsPatients with moderate‐to‐severe Crohn's disease, as categorized by the Crohn's Disease Activity Index, that failed to respond to standard therapy and who were treatment naive to biologics.Measurements and Main ResultsThe decision analytic model base case was a 35‐year‐old patient weighing 70 kg with moderate‐to‐severe Crohn's disease. Therapeutic efficacy data were obtained from published clinical trials. Online prescription drug, hospitalization data, and Current Procedural Terminology codes were used to estimate cost. Utility measures were estimated using published data obtained from patients with Crohn's disease. The time end point used for the model was 54 weeks. The analysis demonstrated considerable overlap in quality‐adjusted life years gained with the four agents (i.e., mean values across four treatments 0.79‒0.80). Although infliximab had the lowest median cost, there was overlap in the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) compared with the other three biologic products: mean (95% CI) cost for infliximab $22,663 ($19,105‒26,433), adalimumab $27,515 ($23,796‒31,584), certolizumab pegol $29,062 ($24,952‒33,882), and natalizumab $31,166 ($25,915‒37,195). However, the cost‐effectiveness acceptability curve demonstrated that infliximab had the most scenarios (95.2%) when it was the most cost‐effective biologic therapy using a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of $100,000/quality‐adjusted life years gained.ConclusionPatients with moderate‐to‐severe Crohn's disease that failed to respond to standard treatment should preferentially receive infliximab as their initial biologic treatment, since this agent had the highest probability of being the most cost‐effective therapy compared with the other biologic treatment options.
Successful Management of Anticoagulation Therapy During International Travel
Authors: Truong Teresa , Armor Becky L. 
Published: September 2012

Warfarin is considered a high‐risk drug because of its narrow therapeutic window, variability in dose response, and multitude of drug and food interactions. Although travel advice is available for patients who are taking warfarin, it is geared toward patients who are traveling to developed countries and tends to be lacking in detail. We describe a 53‐year‐old woman with two mechanical heart valves and chronic atrial fibrillation who was taking warfarin for thromboembolism prophylaxis and had plans to travel to Vietnam for 10 weeks. Three days before her departure, she was prescribed amiodarone for long‐term use. As a result of the extended duration of her travel and the complexities of warfarin use, the pharmacists who managed the patient's anticoagulation reviewed several aspects of a comprehensive management approach with the patient for a safe international trip. They assessed the patient's thromboembolic and hemorrhagic risks, and determined which other drugs (e.g., enoxaparin, phytonadione), dosages, and adequate supplies would be required along with warfarin, as well as how to safely transport these drugs during travel. In addition, the logistics of effectively monitoring international normalized ratio (INR) levels were evaluated, and methods of managing multiple potential scenarios were carefully planned out. Contact with the patient was made through pharmacist‐directed telephone visits throughout the travel period. A total of 12 telephone visits were conducted with the patient during the 10 weeks of travel. Her INR was supratherapeutic on three occasions and was subtherapeutic once; however, neither enoxaparin nor phytonadione were needed during the travel period, and the patient returned safely to the United States. Effective and safe use of high‐risk drugs for patients leaving the United States requires extensive pretravel planning, and pharmacists can play a central role in optimizing therapeutic outcomes for these patients during international travel.
Key Articles and Guidelines in the Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: 2011 Update
Authors: Johnson Samuel G. , Kayser Steven R. , Attridge Rebecca L. , Duvall Laura , Kiser Tyree H. , Moote Rebecca , Reed Brent N. , Rodgers Jo E. , Erstad Brian 
Published: September 2012

Pharmacotherapeutic approaches for the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have expanded greatly in the last 10 years. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a relatively rare disease and is associated with myriad disease processes. The older term for PAH, primary PAH, has been changed to represent these differences and to distinguish it from postcapillary PAH associated with left‐sided heart failure. Limitations in evaluating treatment approaches for PAH include its rarity, the small number of patients included in clinical trials, and issues regarding the use of placebo‐controlled trials in a disease with such a high mortality rate if left untreated. Management options include the use of prostacyclin and prostacyclin analogues, endothelin receptor antagonists, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, as well as traditional background therapy with diuretics, digoxin, calcium channel blockers, and warfarin. Numerous drugs are under investigation to evaluate their possible roles in management. Combination therapy is increasingly becoming a standard approach to therapy, with mounting literature to document effectiveness. Current or emerging roles for the pharmacist in the management of PAH largely involves ensuring access to drug therapy, facilitating specialty pharmacy dispensing, and providing patient counseling. Newer roles may include future drug development, optimized use of investigational drugs, and specialized disease management programs. This compilation includes a series of articles identifying important literature in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy. This bibliography focuses on pharmacotherapeutic management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Most of the cited works present the results of significant human clinical studies that have shaped the management of patients with PAH. Limited primary literature is available for some topics, so in addition, consensus documents prepared by expert panels are reviewed. This compilation may serve as a teaching tool, reference resource, or update of the literature for pharmacy clinicians, physicians, and students.
An assessment of pure, hybrid, meta, and hybrid‐meta GGA density functional theory methods for open‐shell systems: The case of the nonheme iron enzyme 8R–LOX
Authors: Bushnell Eric A. C. , Gauld James W. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe performance of a range density functional theory functionals combined in a quantum mechanical (QM)/molecular mechanical (MM) approach was investigated in their ability to reliably provide geometries, electronic distributions, and relative energies of a multicentered open‐shell mechanistic intermediate in the mechanism 8R–Lipoxygenase. With the use of large QM/MM active site chemical models, the smallest average differences in geometries between the catalytically relevant quartet and sextet complexes were obtained with the B3LYP* functional. Moreover, in the case of the relative energies between 4II and 6II, the use of the B3LYP* functional provided a difference of 0.0 kcal mol–1. However, B3LYP± and B3LYP also predicted differences in energies of less than 1 kcal mol–1. In the case of describing the electronic distribution (i.e., spin density), the B3LYP*, B3LYP, or M06‐L functionals appeared to be the most suitable. Overall, the results obtained suggest that for systems with multiple centers having unpaired electrons, the B3LYP* appears most well rounded to provide reliable geometries, electronic structures, and relative energies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prognostic significance of the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification in Chinese patients—A single institution retrospective study of 292 lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gu Jie , Lu Chunlai , Guo Jing , Chen Lingli , Chu Yiwei , Ji Yuan , Ge Di 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundA new classification of pulmonary adenocarcinoma has been recently proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society (IASLC/ATS/ERS). This study was undertaken in an attempt to explore the clinical implication of this new classification in Chinese patients.MethodsTwo hundred ninety‐two lung adenocarcinomas were reclassified strictly according to the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification by two pathologists, independently. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the correlation between the new classification and patients' prognosis.ResultsWe confirmed three groups with different outcomes. Both AIS and MIA had 100% 5‐year disease‐free survival rate and 100% 5‐year overall survival rate. Lepidic, acinar, and papillary as well as variants of invasive adenocarcinoma had intermediate prognosis. Solid and micropapillary cases had poor prognosis (DFS: P < 0.001, OS: P = 0.002). After controlling the clinicopathological factors, the new classification was identified as an independent prognostic factor in patients' disease‐free survival and overall survival.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated a valuable prognostic role of the new classification in Chinese patients. This new classification is valuable of screening out patients with high risk of recurrence to receive postoperative adjuvant therapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:474–480. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chondrosarcoma of the tongue: A case report and a review of the literature
Authors: Al‐Rawi Mouwafak , Harper Tiffany , Bafakih Fahad 
Published: September 2012

AbstractChondrosarcoma of the head and neck is uncommon and reported to constitute between 1% to 12% of all chondrosarcoma cases.1, 2, 3 Extraskeletal chondrosarcoma of the tongue is an extremely rare type of neoplasm with only three previously reported cases. The underlying origin of chondrosarcoma arising in the tongue is controversial. We describe a case of a low‐grade chondrosarcoma arising in the base of the tongue of a 54‐year‐old woman with a central area of dedifferentiation. The patient was treated with complete surgical resection with no evidence of recurrence at 1 year follow‐up.
60 Jahre Blaue Blätter
Authors: Hauthal Hermann G. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn den 60 Jahren ihres Bestehens sind die Blauen Blätter vom einfachen Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker zur einflussreichen GDCh‐Zeitschrift herangewachsen, die mehr als 80 000 Leser hat. Im April 2012 erschien innerhalb des 60. Jahrgangs die 700. Ausgabe.
Wie der Mittelstand die neue Chemikalienverordnung umsetzt
Authors: Herpich Rüdiger 
Published: September 2012

AbstractUnterschiedliche Fristen zur Neueinstufung und Kennzeichnung für Stoffe und Gemische bedeuten für Unternehmen mit hoher Produktvielfalt und komplexen Kundenstrukturen viel Mehrarbeit. Dabei ist wichtig, die Umstellungen sowohl intern als auch extern frühzeitig zu kommunizieren. Dann wissen Mitarbeiter wie Kunden: Die neue Kennzeichnung macht das Produkt nicht gefährlicher.
Xenohormone aus Verpackungen
Authors: Bergmair Johannes , Tacker Manfred , Washüttl Michael 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHormonell aktive Inhaltsstoffe in Verpackungsmaterial können in Lebensmittel übergehen und werden wegen ihrer möglichen gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen diskutiert. Mit einer Kombination von In‐vitro‐Tests und chromatographischen Verfahren lassen sich Werkstoffe im Lebensmittelkontakt analysieren und bewerten.
Den Studieneinstieg erleichtern
Authors: Lang Christian , Harwardt Lena , Mizaikoff Boris 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDas einwöchige Universitäts‐Trainingscamp “Fit für Chemie” an der Universität Ulm soll Studienanfängern in Molekularer Medizin, Biochemie oder Wirtschaftschemie den Übergang von der Schule zum universitären Alltag erleichtern. Der Vorbereitungskurs vermittelt Basiskenntnisse und Methoden und zeigt den Studenten, wie sie das Lernen im Studium effektiv strukturieren.
Risky products in movies: a special type of the embedded message requiring special treatment?
Authors: Kovalenko Andriy , Wooliscroft Ben 
Published: September 2012

The appearance of risky products such as alcohol, tobacco and firearms, as well as their brand imagery, in movies can be supported by product manufacturers. This article discusses the argument for a disclosure advising consumers about the persuasive intent behind the appearance of some risky products in movies, drawing upon the ethical implications of product placement. Such a disclosure would protect consumers against the impact of promotional messages and allow moviemakers to separate their artistic activities from promotion of risky products.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of Bivalirudin Dosing Strategies Using Total, Adjusted, and Ideal Body Weights in Obese Patients with Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Tsu Laura V. , Dager William E. 
Published: September 2012

Study ObjectivesTo compare dosing strategies using total body weight (actual measured body weight), adjusted body weight, and ideal body weight when starting bivalirudin for the treatment for heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in obese patients, and to compare differences in dosing requirements and clinical outcomes between obese and nonobese patients.DesignRetrospective medical record review.SettingAcademic tertiary care medical center.PatientsOne hundred thirty‐five medical and surgical patients who were treated with bivalirudin for HIT between June 1, 2004, and October 1, 2009.Measurements and Main ResultsThe 135 patients were separated into two groups based on body mass index (BMI): 46 patients had a BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 and were classified in the obese group; the nonobese group consisted of 89 patients with a BMI less than 30 kg/m2. The mean BMI in the obese group was 37.7 kg/m2 (range: 30.1–56.2 kg/m2). Weight‐standardized doses that achieved activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) goal were compared in the obese group. The mean ± SD doses that achieved aPTT goal with total (actual), adjusted, and ideal body weights in this group were 0.1 ± 0.07, 0.11 ± 0.08, and 0.14 ± 0.09 mg/kg/hour, respectively. Of the three weight‐based dosing approaches, total body weight followed by adjusted body weight provided the closest correlation to rates observed at the target aPTT goal. The secondary analysis compared initial doses of bivalirudin, doses required to reach goal aPTT, time to achieve goal aPTT, and clinical outcomes (number of patients not achieving goal, new thrombosis, major bleeding, and 30‐day all‐cause mortality) between the obese and nonobese groups. A significant difference in initial dose was noted between groups; however, no significant differences in dose required to achieve goal aPTT, time to achieve goal aPTT, and clinical outcomes were noted between the obese and nonobese groups.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that the dosing strategy for bivalirudin based on total body weight is the most accurate predictor of achieving aPTT goal in obese patients with HIT. The study also suggests that there are no clinical differences that warrant different dosing strategies between obese and nonobese patients. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Mesoporous and hierarchical manganese dioxide nanoplates/nanowalls on Ni/PET conductive fabric
Authors: Ko Yeong Hwan , Lee Soo Hyun , Yu Jae Su 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMesoporous and hierarchical manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoplates/nanowalls were integrated into the nickel/polyethylene terephthalate conductive fabric (CF) by a simple electrochemical deposition method. By applying an external cathodic voltage to the seed‐layer‐coated CF in aqueous solution, hexagonal MnO2 nanoplates were synthesized and then transformed into hydrous MnO2 by oxidation in air. At an external cathodic voltage of –3 V, such MnO2 nanoplates could be densely and uniformly covered over the overall surface of CF. Additionally, their shape was changed to a nanowall‐like construction by the reaction with hydrogen peroxide, leading to a more mesoporous and hierarchical surface morphology. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF RIVER REGULATION ON NATIVE BULL TROUT (SALVELINUS CONFLUENTUS) AND WESTSLOPE CUTTHROAT TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS CLARKII LEWISI) HABITATS IN THE UPPER FLATHEAD RIVER, MONTANA, USA
Authors: Muhlfeld C. C. , Jones L. , Kotter D. , Miller W. J. , Geise D. , Tohtz J. , Marotz B. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTHungry Horse Dam on the South Fork Flathead River, Montana, USA, has modified the natural flow regimen for power generation, flood risk management and flow augmentation for anadromous fish recovery in the Columbia River. Concern over the detrimental effects of dam operations on native resident fishes prompted research to quantify the impacts of alternative flow management strategies on threatened bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) habitats. Seasonal and life‐stage specific habitat suitability criteria were combined with a two‐dimensional hydrodynamic habitat model to assess discharge effects on usable habitats. Telemetry data used to construct seasonal habitat suitability curves revealed that subadult (fish that emigrated from natal streams to the river system) bull trout move to shallow, low‐velocity shoreline areas at night, which are most sensitive to flow fluctuations. Habitat time series analyses comparing the natural flow regimen (predam, 1929–1952) with five postdam flow management strategies (1953–2008) show that the natural flow conditions optimize the critical bull trout habitats and that the current strategy best resembles the natural flow conditions of all postdam periods. Late summer flow augmentation for anadromous fish recovery, however, produces higher discharges than predam conditions, which reduces the availability of usable habitat during this critical growing season. Our results suggest that past flow management policies that created sporadic streamflow fluctuations were likely detrimental to resident salmonids and that natural flow management strategies will likely improve the chances of protecting key ecosystem processes and help to maintain and restore threatened bull trout and westslope cutthroat trout populations in the upper Columbia River Basin. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A MODEL FOR FIXED ALGAE MANAGEMENT IN OPEN CHANNELS USING FLUSHING FLOWS
Authors: Fovet O. , Belaud G. , Litrico X. , Charpentier S. , Bertrand C. , Dollet P. , Hugodot C. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTThe management of regulated rivers and canals involves new objectives of water quality preservation. Among water quality aspects, the development of benthic algae induces impacts on both the quantitative and the qualitative management. In open‐channel networks, their growth causes accumulation of biomass on the substratum, which decreases the hydraulic performance. Their detachment induces increases of drift biomass and particles likely to cause clogging issues. To manage these benthic algae developments, we study an original strategy that consists of performing hydraulic flushes in order to detach a part of the algal cover. The principle is to create a controlled hydrodynamic perturbation thanks to hydraulic control structures and to limit the quantity of fixed and drift algae simultaneously. We propose a comprehensive model of the flushes based on coupled hydrodynamic and algae detachment models in order to analyse and improve the management procedure. This model was applied on two real canals located in southern France. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of grouted connections for monopile offshore structures
Authors: Lotsberg Inge , Serednicki Andrzej , Lervik Andreas , Bertnes Håkon 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDuring the last years, offshore wind turbine structures were reported to settle on the monopile structure and the resulting force flow in the structures was different to that intended at the design stage. A joint industry project was therefore carried out by Det Norske Veritas (DNV) to investigate the structural capacity of these connections from autumn 2009 to January 2011. It was found that the axial capacity of the grouted connections is a more sensitive function to the diameter and surface tolerances than that accounted for in existing design standards. Based on this experience a design procedure with conical shaped connections was developed. In January 2011 another joint industry project on capacity of cylindrical shaped grouted connections with shear keys was initiated. In this project analytical design equations have been developed both for the Ultimate Limit State and the Fatigue Limit State. The recommended design methodology has been supported by a number of laboratory tests. Some of the main results and recommendations for design of grouted connections in monopiles from these projects are presented in this paper.Bemessung von Grout‐Verbindungen für Monopile‐Offshore‐Tragstrukturen – Ergebnisse von zwei Industrie‐Gemeinschaftsprojekten. In den letzten Jahren wurden an Offshore‐Windenergieanlagen Setzungen im Bereich der Grout‐Verbindungen in Monopile‐Tragstrukturen festgestellt, in Folge derer der tatsächliche Kraftfluss vom ursprünglichen Design abweicht. Aus diesem Grund wurde vom Det Norske Veritas (DNV) zwischen Herbst 2009 und Januar 2011 ein Gemeinschaftsprojekt mit der Industrie durchgeführt, in dem die Tragfähigkeit dieser Verbindungen untersucht wurde. Dabei wurde festgestellt, dass die axiale Tragfähigkeit der Grout‐Verbindungen deutlich stärker von Durchmesser und Oberflächentoleranz abhängig ist als bisher angenommen. Auf Grundlage der Versuchsergebnisse wurden zunächst Entwurfsmethoden für konische Grout‐Verbindungen entwickelt. Im Januar 2011 wurde ein weiteres Gemeinschaftsprojekt mit der Industrie zur Tragfähigkeit zylindrischer Grout‐Verbindungen mit Schubrippen initiiert, in dem ebenfalls Ingenieurmodelle für die Nachweise in den Grenzzuständen der Tragfähigkeit und Ermüdung entwickelt wurden. Diese Modelle wurden durch Labortests bestätigt. Dieser Beitrag berichtet über die wesentlichen, in den Joint Industry‐Projekten erzielten Ergebnisse und Empfehlungen für den Entwurf von Grout‐Verbindungen in Monopiles.