bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance during Uncomplicated Pregnancy Using a Rapid Assay
Authors: Boskabadi Hassan , Moeini Mahdieh , Tara Fatemeh , Tavallaie Shima , Saber Hamidreza , Nejati Raheleh , Hosseini Golkoo , Mostafavi-Toroghi Hesam , Ferns Gordon A. A. , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid 
Published: February 2013

Summary
Background: Oxidative stress is thought to be a major contributor to complications during pregnancy, for example preeclampsia. However, reports regarding prooxidant-antioxidant balance in uncomplicated pregnancy are inconsistent. In this study, we aimed to compare the levels of oxidative stress in non-pregnant women with apparently normal pregnant women during the first trimester and at delivery.
Methods: An assay for the determination of prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) was used in this study, in which the prooxidant burden and the antioxidant capacity were measured simultaneously in a single assay. The levels of oxidative stress were determined in 85 non-pregnant and 64 primigravid pregnant women.
Results: Demographic data and biochemical indices did not differ significantly between the groups. Differences between PAB values were significant based on one-way ANOVA analysis (P<0.001). Using a post hoc test, we observed a statistically significant increase in PAB values during the first trimester and last trimester (P<0.001).
Conclusions: Normal pregnancy is associated with a change in the measure of redox status, as assessed by the PAB assay.
Changes of Agricultural Landscape Pattern – Non-Natural Driving Forces Analyzing Based on the North-Western Region Of Poland
Authors: Markuszewska Iwona 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In this paper, preceding changes and current situation in agricultural landscape pattern were elaborated as well as future transition was discussed. The North-Western Region of Poland was chosen as a study area, however, the research was conducted at the regional level, in provinces of this region including: Lubuskie, Wielkopolskie and Zachodniomomorskie. For analysis statistical data from Common Agricultural Census, containing the last two decades, between 1990-2010, were extracted. Based on established knowledge and proposed approach driving forces of landscape changes were identified. The research deals with the following aspects: 1) identification of underlying trends of landscape changes that took place over the study period, 2) finding driving forces responsible for cause-effect relationships in landscape alteration, 3) recognition of farmers’ reasons for what they took actions leading to landscape changes, and 4) identification of major current and foreseeable future tendencies of modification of landscape pattern. Political, economic and social driving forces, as the most affecting, were recognized and their influence on agricultural landscape structure was analyzed
18Th Century Vistula River Geography in View of Franciszek Florian Czaki’s Maps
Authors: Strzelecki Krzysztof 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Old maps are proven to be very useful when it comes to solution of the modern research problems and are widely used in various science disciplines connected with specification of mutual relations between elements of the geographical environment. This fact stems from the increased consciousness of unique information recorded on old maps, which at their time constituted a basis for subsequent cartographical studies. The geographical characteristics of the Vistula river were depicted in a handwritten 12-sheet map made the first half of the 18th century by Franciszek Florian Czaki, a military cartographer. On the basis of his own terrain mapping, Franciszek Florian Czaki succeeded in creation of his work, which was intended to provide an example for the designed, detailed map of Poland, ordered by Józef Aleksander Jabłonowski, the Nowogród voivode, and later by the king Stanisław August Poniatowski. The map was fully based on terrain mapping, which included such details as: settlement, road and water networks, forests, land relief as well as main types of ownership: crown-, church-, and nobility-owned.
Uncertainty of Flow Regime Characteristics of Rivers in Europe
Authors: Wrzesiński Dariusz 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to describe spatial differences in the uncertainty of features of the flow regimes of rivers in Europe on the basis of measures whose methodological assumptions derive from Shannon’s information entropy theory (1948). They included: the entropy of monthly flow volumes, the entropy of the flow distribution over time, and the entropy of maximum and minimum monthly flows. An analysis was made of monthly flow series for the years 1951-1990 from 510 gauging stations located on 369 rivers in Europe. It allowed a quantitative determination of the degree of uncertainty of the four regime characteristics, indirectly establishing the predictability, regularity and stability of their appearance and their spatial variability. In the procedure of identification of spatial differences among rivers concerning the uncertainty of their flow regime features, use was made of local indices of spatial dependence. On application of LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Association) based on Moran’s local Ii statistic, a typology of rivers was obtained in terms of the kind and statistical significance of spatial associations involving the uncertainty of the flow regime variables in question.
The structure of the teacher Machiavellianism model in social interactions in a school environment
Authors: Bańka Augustyn , Orłowski Karol 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

The aim of this article is to present study results concerning the structure of teacher Machiavellianism.
Machiavellianism was researched extensively throughout the last 40 years as a personality feature comprising traits
related to leadership manipulation tactics. Psychology describes Machiavellianism as a part of the universal model
called “the dark triad of personality” alongside with subclinical narcissism, subclinical psychopathy and low empathy.
The teacher Machiavellianism model presented in this article, as opposed to the universal models, strongly accentuates
the context-specific variables related to the organization of life in a school, alongside with personality variables. To
achieve a new insight into the mechanism of how teacher Machiavellianism is generated, structural equation modeling
(SEM) was used, which incorporates personality variables such as: self-effi cacy, disposition for gratitude, values, one’s
personal resources, professional burnout, alongside context-specific variables like: organizational culture, work attitude,
tenure and specialization in the tasks performed. Results of two studies are shown, discussing the empirical structure of
teacher Machiavellianism components in relation to the initial theoretical model.
Cognitive effects of attentional training depend on attentional control
Authors: Paulewicz Borysław , Blaut Agata , Kłosowska Joanna 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Attentional bias is assumed to be partly responsible for the onset and maintenance of anxiety by major cognitive
theories of emotional disorders. Although much is already known about the therapeutic effects of attentional bias training,
only a few studies have examined the mechanism responsible for these effects. In order to test if low-level, cognitive
effects of attentional bias training depend on attentional control, 73 participants, who completed the STAI-x2 and the
ACS questionnaires, were randomly assigned to a control (n = 37) or attentional training group (n = 36). The attentional
manipulation was followed by a search task, during which novel neutral or negative faces could be presented within an
array of all-neutral, all-negative or all-positive faces. It was found that individuals with higher ACS score displayed
stronger attentional training effects, i.e., they were less accurate in detecting distinctive negative faces, and this effect was
not found to be associated with STAI-x2 score. These results show that there is individual variability even in immediate,
cognitive effects of attentional bias modification and that special abilities, such as attentional control, might be required
for attentional training to be efficient.
Burial rituals and cultural changes in the polish community – a qualitative study
Authors: Pietkiewicz Igor 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore cultural factors affecting burial rituals in Poland. Thirty-four university
students collected data from their relatives and created written narratives about deaths in their families or community.
Ten additional interviews were conducted with community members, a priest, and medical personnel as part of theoretical
sampling and verification of emerging theories. The qualitative material was administered with NVivo and analysed using
the Grounded Theory techniques to produce a complex description of folk beliefs, superstitions, as well as symbolic and
psychological meaning ascribed to traditional customs. Some of the practices were found susceptible to extinction due to
industrialisation, globalisation, and cultural development
The Comparison of the Trends in Services Provided Worldwide with the Trends in Slovakia
Authors: Karičková Marianna 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The author highlights the services from the perspective of the service providers and clients. Furthermore, the author discusses the issues raised to the centers of support services and the criteria according to which a multinational corporation makes a decision about destinations where their centers should be located. The author deals with the current trends of the international service providers, who established shared services centers in Slovakia. The benefits that Slovakia offers, such as convenient location, low labor costs or low tax burden in recent years are the main criteria that attract foreign companies to establish their services support centers in Slovakia. Multinational corporations, mainly focus on the outsourcing of accounting and financial services, customer service covering the entire region as well as IT services.
The Analysis of Natural Gas and Crude Oil Market from the Global and EU Perspective
Authors: Obadi Saleh Mothana , Korček Matej 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This paper deals with the development of the crude oil and natural gas market in the world and especially in the EU. The analysis of the mentioned energy commodities are based on time serious statistical data and legislative documents and treaties adjusting the energy market. In this paper we analyze how the natural gas and crude oil as the two energy sources that are on the one hand most important in the energy mix and on the other hand least available within the very territory of EU itself therefore meaning the largest threat to the energy security of EU countries. We focus on analyzing of development of the worlds crude oil and natural gas development as the economic environment developed during last 20 year. Then we characterize what has EU done as the reaction on this development and finally we analyze the impact on EU in terms of supply and demand for natural gas and crude oil in first decade of 21st century. We found that, in 2009, the 66 % of EU natural gas imports were from four countries (Russia, Algeria, Norway and Nigeria) and the EU crude oil imports reached about 87 %.
The Measurement of Impacts and Effects of Knowledge Management in an Enterprise
Authors: Hvizdová Eva , Miklošík Andrej , Mečiar Radoslava 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The question of competitive advantage comes forward in today’s globalized markets. The managers are looking for the means of sustainable competitive advantage by implementing methods of managing knowledge in company. Several modern tools and approaches use knowledge as core of the company orientation as it has the potential for creating innovations in the innovative culture. This article is dedicated to identify and describe these methods, which can help the company to measure the impacts and effects of knowledge management. These include above all Balance Scorecard, Corporate Performance Management, Kaizen, Re-engineering, Knowledge Based Benchmarking and Goal Based Management. The authors illustrate the process leading to knowledge management effects measurement as well consisting of four basic steps: analysis of the environment, defining the responsibility for knowledge management, preparation, creation and implementation of knowledge strategy and finally monitoring of effects of knowledge management strategy deployment. Implementing this evaluation should promote the effort of the company to determine the extent of positive and negative changes which were influenced by applying knowledge management principles in the company.
Historical Overview of the Economic Sociology
Authors: Jurkovičová Lujza , Riškova Viktória 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
There exists a rich and colorful tradition of economic sociology, which roughly began around the turn of the twentieth century and continues till today. This tradition has generated a number of helpful concepts and ideas as well as interesting research results, which this article seek to briefly present and set in perspective. Economic sociology has peaked twice since its birth: in 1890-1920, with the founders of sociology (who were all interested in and wrote on the economy), and today, from the early 1980s and onward. A small number of important works in economic sociology - by economists as well as sociologists - was produced during the time between these two periods, from 1920 to the mid-1980s.
The Commercialization of the Knowledge as the Supposition of the Economic Growth
Authors: Kubičková Viera , Bažó Ladislav , Staňo Roman 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The Endogenous growth theory assumes that the economy automatically benefits from its investments in to the knowledge. The knowledge is the public ware that can be used by the Entire economy. It leads to the innovation and the economic growth. The entrepreneurship has the main role in the successful process of the commercialization of the knowledge. The aim of this article is to present the situation of this process in the enterprises in the Slovak Republic.
The Specifics of the Services Sector Determining the Introduction and Utilisation of Information and Communication Technologies
Authors: Benešová Dana , Némethová Ildikó 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The services sector is characterised by a number of specifics. Their identification in ICT implementation in businesses facilitates the decision-making of services industries for such information technologies which allow businesses to differentiate their services from competitors and increase productivity. Therefore is important to identify the core activities of companies in relation to the nature of the production of services sectors, corporate strategies and services specifics.
The Complementary Currency as an Element of the Social Innovation in the Entrepreneurship
Authors: Kubičková Viera , Bažó Ladislav , Staňo Roman 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The article presents the complementary currency systems as an element of the social innovation in the entrepreneurship. It offers solution for the present economic problems created by the influence of the economic crisis. The important factors are high unemployment rate and exclusion of the marginalized social groups. The evaluation of the complementary currency systems and confrontation with the empirical studies of foreign and domestic authors presents the knowledge that the local currency systems especially in the time of economic crisis have an important contribution for all interested groups - entrepreneurship sector, public sector and private sector in the local economy.
Theoretical Studies of Nonlinear Generation Efficiency in a Bubble Layer
Authors: Baranowska Anna 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The aim of the paper is a theoretical analysis of propagation of high-intensity acoustic waves throughout a bubble layer. A simple model in the form of a layer with uniformly distributed mono-size spherical bubbles is considered. The mathematical model of the pressure wave’s propagation in a bubbly liquid layer is constructed using the linear non-dissipative wave equation and assuming that oscillations of a single bubble satisfy the Rayleigh-Plesset equation. The models of the phase sound speed, changes of resonant frequency of bubbles and damping coefficients in a bubbly liquid are compared and discussed. The relations between transmitted and reflected waves and their second harmonic amplitudes are analyzed. A numerical analysis is carried out for different environmental parameters such as layer thicknesses and values of the volume fraction as well as for different parameters of generated signals. Examples of results of the numerical modeling are presented.
Correction of Acoustics in Historic Opera Theatres with the Use of Schroeder Diffuser
Authors: Kamisiński Tadeusz 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The paper deals with the problem of acoustic correction in historic opera theatres with the auditorium layout in the form of a horseshoe with deep underbalcony cavities limited with a semicircular wall surface. Both geometry of the cavities and excessive sound absorption determine acoustic phenomena registered in this area of the hall. The problem has been observed in the Theatre of Opera and Ballet in Lviv, Ukraine, where acoustic tests were carried out, simulation calculations performed, and finally a diffusion panel worked out designed for the rear wall of the underbalcony space. Acoustic measurements carried out after installation of the diffusers revealed favourable changes in the sound strength factor G within the range of medium and high frequencies in the underbalcony and auditorium centre area. By replacing textile tapestry with diffusion panels, a significant reduction of sound absorption was achieved for the frequency range above 1 kHz and an increase of uniformity of acoustic parameters registered in the hall. The method presented in the paper can be applied in historic halls of the similar type as well as contemporary rooms where there is a need for correction of acoustic flaws related to sound focusing or the echo effect.
A Perceptionist’s View on Psychoacoustics
Authors: Blauert Jens 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Psychoacoustics is traditionally based on a world model that assumes a physical world existing independently of any observer - the so-called objective world. Being exposed to this world, an observer is impinged upon by a variety of stimuli reaching his/her sensory organs. These stimuli, if physiologically adequate, may cause biological transduction and signal processing in the sensory organs and its afferent pathways in such a way that finally a specific excitation of the cortex takes place, which results in sen-sations to appear in the observer’s perceptual world. The sensations are understood as being subjective, since they require an observer to exist. This world model - also known as (objectivistic) realism - reaches its limits when it comes to explaining more complex phenomena of perception. Thereupon, in this paper, an alternative world model is emphasized and applied to psychoacoustics, namely the perceptionist’s model. Like realism, perceptionism has a long tradition in epistemology. It appears to be suitable to improve our understanding of perceptual organization.
A Double Synthetic Index to Evaluate the Acoustics of Churches
Authors: Berardi Umberto 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Several authors have proposed indices to synthesize the acoustics of a space, especially of concert halls. Meanwhile, a few studies have focused on the acoustics of worship spaces. The peculiarities of these last ones have shown distinctive characteristics. The increasing interest for the acoustics of worship spaces justifies the formulation of indices to synthesize the results of acoustic studies in these buildings too. This paper proposes a double synthetic index to evaluate the acoustics of a church. The index is obtained combining the average values of seven parameters generally considered in studies of architectural acoustics. The differences between requirements for music and speech in churches suggest to consider different optimal values of the selected parameters for different kinds of sound. A double synthetic index has been defined to synthesize the acoustical properties related to the music and to the speech separately. The validity of this double index is then assessed, comparing its values with subjective preferences captured through listening tests. The index, which is proposed and validated in this paper, aims to be an instrument to show synthetically the acoustical characteristics of a church to people with low knowledge in acoustics.
The Acoustic Impedance of a Vibrating Annular Piston Located on a Flat Rigid Baffle Around a Semi-Infinite Circular Rigid Cylinder
Authors: Rdzanek Wojciech P. , Rdzanek Witold J. , Pieczonka Dawid 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The axisymmetric problem of acoustic impedance of a vibrating annular piston embedded into a flat rigid baffle concentrically around a semi-infinite rigid cylindrical circular baffle has been undertaken in this study. The Helmholtz equation has been solved. The Green’s function valid for the zone considered has been used for this purpose. The influence of the semi-infinite cylindrical baffle on the piston’s acoustic impedance has been investigated. The acoustic impedance has been presented in both forms: integral and asymptotic, both valid for the steady harmonic vibrations. Additionally, the acoustic impedances of the piston with and without the cylindrical baffle have been compared to one another. In the case without the cylindrical baffle some earlier results have been used.
Acoustic Rehabilitation of the Church of Santa Ana in Moratalaz, Madrid
Authors: Bueno Ana María , León Ángel Luis , Galindo Miguel 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The church of Santa Ana in Moratalaz, Madrid, Spain (1965-1971), is an emblematic work of the architect Miguel Fisac. In his long career include interventions in the religious field, constituting one of the most important contributions to Spanish religious architecture of the last century. This church is a singular place of worship and architecturally significant, in which the acoustics played an important role in the configuration of the spatiality of the church. This paper studies the acoustic behaviour of the church and its relationship with its unique structural, spatial and coating material characteristics. The analysis of the current acoustic conditions, with high reverberation times (up to 6 seconds) and poor intelligibility on the audience, serve as the basis for making an acoustic rehabilitation proposal that contributes to improving the sound conditions of the building for the intended use, without distorting the spatial, formal and material aspects with which the architect conceived the project.
Measurements of the Sound Absorption Coefficient of Auditorium Seats for Various Geometries of the Samples
Authors: Rubacha Jarosław , Pilch Adam , Zastawnik Marcin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This paper presents the results of measurements of the sound absorption coefficient of auditorium seats carried out in the laboratory using two methods. In the first one, small blocks of seats in various arrangements were studied in a reverberation chamber to determine the absorption coefficient of an auditorium of infinite dimensions. The results were compared to the values of the absorption coefficient measured using the second method, which involved samples enclosed within a frame screening the side surfaces of other auditorium blocks. The results of both methods allowed for the assessment of the sound absorption coefficient of an auditorium of any dimensions while taking into account the sound absorption by the side surfaces. The method developed by the authors will simplify the currently known measurement procedures.