bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-8, interleukin-17 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after regenerative periodontal therapy
Authors: Erdemir Ebru Olgun , Hendek Meltem Karsiyaka , Keceli H. Gencay , Apan Teoman Z. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of regenerative periodontal therapy on clinical parameters and interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-17 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects with chronic periodontitis (CP). Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients received demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) surgically to the site of infrabony defect. Clinical periodontal indices were recorded, and GCF samples were collected at baseline and at the 6th and the 9th month after the surgery. Results: Except plaque index, all clinical parameters improved following surgery (P < 0.05). The volume of GCF diminished from baseline to follow-up periods (P < 0.05). However, no effect was observed on the total amount of IL-8, IL-17 and sICAM-1 in GCF. Conclusion: DFDBA improved clinical outcome in CP subjects and was effective on decreasing the volume of GCF, but no effect was determined on IL-8, IL-17 and sICAM-1. Findings did not indicate a direct relationship between biochemical parameters and periodontal healing after demineralized freeze-dried bone grafting.
The effect of home-use and in-office bleaching treatments combined with experimental desensitizing agents on enamel and dentin
Authors: Pintado-Palomino Karen , Tirapelli Camila 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the effect of formulations containing Biosilicate to treat enamel and dentin bovine samples exposed to dental bleaching agents. Materials and Methods: On enamel and dentin bleached with commercial gels containing 16% carbamide peroxide (CP) (14 days/4 h) or 35% hydrogen peroxide (single session/45 min), desensitizing dentifrices (Sensodyne®; experimental dentifrice of Biosilicate®; Odontis RX®; Sorriso®) were applied along 14 days and desensitizing pastes (Biosilicate®/water 1:1; Dessensebilize NanoP®; Bioglass type 45S5/water 1:1) were applied on days 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14. Distilled water was the control. Microhardness (MH) and roughness measurements were the variables measured on the samples before and after the treatments. Student's t-test analyzed differences before and after the treatments. Two-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey test analyzed differences among the factors desensitizing, bleaching agents and substrate. Results: Tukey test showed no differences in roughness for both bleaching treatments and among the desensitizing agents (P > 0.05). Differences in MH appeared on enamel treated with in-home bleaching when control group (lower values) was compared with Sensodyne, Biosilicate dentifrice, Biosilicate paste, and Bioglass paste (higher values). Comparisons between desensitizing agents on dentin treated with both bleaching gels showed no statistical differences. Conclusions: The effect of formulations containing Biosilicate (Biosilicate dentifrice and paste) was significant in the MH of enamel bleached with 16% CP.
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels in gingival crevicular fluid and serum in nonsmoking women with preterm low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: Kayar Nezahat Arzu , Alptekin Nilgun Ozlem , Haliloglu Seyfullah 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate interleukin (IL)-1 β and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum (S) in nonsmoking women with normal birth (NB), preterm low birth weight (PLBW), and intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR). Materials and Methods: In this unmatched case-control study design, 64 women with NB, 45 women with PLBW, and 47 women with IUGR were recruited within 24 h delivery. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. IL-1 β and IL-1ra levels in GCF (pg/30 s) and serum (pg/ml) of were evaluated using commercial enzyme immunoassay and ELISA kits. Results: Greater pocket depth and clinical attachment loss were observed in PLBW and IUGR women than in NB women (P < 0.05). The total amounts of IL-1ra and IL-β of GCF were higher levels in NB women than PLBW and IUGR women (P < 0.05). The lowest total amount of IL-1ra of GCF was found in IUGR women (P < 0.05). The concentrations of IL-1ra in serum samples were not statistically significant for any of the study groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: It can be suggested that worse periodontal conditions and the low levels of IL-1ra in GCF may be an important factor in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Risk Factors for Failure in Early Prosthetic Joint Infection Treated with Debridement. Influence of Etiology and Antibiotic Treatment
Authors: Tornero Eduard , Martínez-Pastor Juan C. , Bori Guillem , García-Ramiro Sebastián , Morata Laura , Bosch Jordi , Mensa Josep , Soriano Alex 
Published: January 2015

Purposes The aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of isolated microorganisms according to the Gram stain and the type of antibiotic received on the outcome of early prosthetic joint infection (PJI) treated with debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR). Methods From January 1999 to December 2009, all patients with an early PJI were prospectively registered in a database and they were retrospectively reviewed for this study. Results During the study period, 160 patients met the inclusion criteria of the study. After a mean (SD) post-debridement follow-up of 5.2 (2.5) years, 117 patients (73.1%) were considered to be in remission and 43 (26.9%) were classified as failure. Variables associated with failure were liver cirrhosis (66.7% vs. 22.8%, p=0.001), diagnosis within the first 30 days from arthroplasty (30.4% vs. 8.0%, p=0.020), C-reactive protein (CRP) >12 mg/dl (46.7% vs. 21.2%, p=0.005), microorganism isolated in all deep samples (31.1% vs. 16.0%, p=0.047) and Gram-negative (GN) infection not treated with a fluoroquinolone (57.1% vs. 20.0%, P=0.004). Gram-positive (GP) infection not treated with rifampin was close to be statistically significantly associated with failure (34.4% vs. 19.2%, p=0.067). A multivariate analysis identified liver cirrhosis (OR: 12.4 CI95%: 3.1-49.7, p<0.001), CRP-value (OR: 1.06 CI95%: 1.0-1.11, p=0.049), and when a GN-infection was not treated with a fluoroquinolone (OR: 6.5, CI95%: 1.8-23.8, p=0.005) as independent predictors of failure. Conclusion The remission rate of PJI treated with DAIR after 3 years of follow-up was 73%. The main predictors of failure were liver cirrhosis, the selected antibiotic most specially fluoroquinolones for GN and rifampin for GP infections, the C-reactive protein and the number of samples culture positive as a potential surrogate markers of bacterial density.
Nature des oeuvres d’art dans les intérieurs domestiques en Nouvelle-France : étude
quantitative et statistique
Authors: Ouellet Pierre-Olivier 
Published: January 2015

L’auteur dresse un inventaire détaillé des oeuvres d’art recensées chez les
propriétaires laïques de la Nouvelle-France. À partir d’une méthodologie de recherche basée
non pas sur l’objet tangible conservé mais sur la trace écrite dans les actes notariés qui
témoigne de la présence des oeuvres à cette époque, il propose un portrait d’ensemble à la
fois quantitatif et statistique des oeuvres d’art trouvées chez les fonctionnaires et les
commerçants, qui constituent les principaux propriétaires. Cette étude met au jour un corpus
de 2180 objets d’art recensés dans 273 pièces notariées rédigées entre 1642 et 1759, soit
une moyenne globale de 7,99 oeuvres par inventaire. Les particularités des objets sont
examinées en fonction de la terminologie employée par les notaires du régime français : les
« tableaux », les « cadres », les « images », les « estampes », les « christs », les
« crucifix » puis, à la lumière des descriptions, les sculptures. Il est alors possible de
faire ressortir les caractéristiques de ces oeuvres, leurs matériaux, leur valeur estimée et
la fréquence de leur présence dans les pièces notariées par décennie.
La nozione di diritti umani nella prospettiva della dottrina sociale della Chiesa
Authors: Felice Flavio 
Published: January 2015

L’obiettivo di questo articolo è quello di dimostrare la diversità de prospettive della dottrina sociale della Chiesa su i diritti umani. Sottolinea la prospettiva personalista come la più appropriata per comprendere e giustificare l’interesse generale della dottrina sociale per il tema e l’affermazione dei diritti umani. La Chiesa vede nei diritti umani l’opportunità di promuovere e difendere l’universalità della dignità umana, intesa come carattere stampato da Dio creatore per le sue creature. La prospettiva antropologico-cristiana ha per fondamento la persona umana creata a immagine e somiglianza di Dio. La dottrina sociale della Chiesa, mostra una pluralità di dimensioni, essenziali per definire chi è l’essere umano, e, a sua volta, per la promozione e la difesa della dignità umana di fronte alle istituzioni giuridiche, politiche ed economiche. I diritti umani e la dottrina sociale hanno in Giovanni Paolo II uno dei principali teorici. I diritti umani sono un punto di riferimento per tutte le fasi della vita umana e dei contesti politici, sociali, economici e di culturali. Fonte e sintesi dei diritti umani è il diritto alla vita e il diritto alla libertà religiosa.
E a palavra se fez prática: direito e religião e o discurso dos direitos humanos
Authors: Das Chagas Afonso Maria 
Published: January 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho é traçar um paralelo entre as instituições do Direito e da Religião e suas implicações na construção discursiva dos direitos humanos. Da prédica às práticas, percebe-se que é indispensável constatar o problema das “razões fracas” que envolvem o discurso de tais direitos, bem como seu baixo potencial mobilizador quanto às condições de efetivação. Ao longo da história, tanto a Religião quanto o Direito, sobretudo na perspectiva do cristianismo, significaram um potencial mobilizador sem paralelos nas distintas e diversas configurações sociais. O discurso então instrumentalizava toda uma carga ética imprescindível no sentido de amoldar condutas ou de mobilizar insurgências, em nome de conteúdos afirmativos que levariam a práticas pessoais e coletivas de transformação da realidade. É necessário, portanto, problematizar essa questão a fim de sondar, em tempos atuais, o que efetivamente convence em matéria de direitos humanos, investigando o porquê de um descompasso entre o que formalmente se declara e o que concretamente se vivencia. Nesse sentido é que também se constata que a dignidade humana é, e continua sendo, uma forte razão a fundamentar os direitos humanos, porém, sualegitimação pode se tornar um perigo.
Que é isto — A “comunidade estatal” em Edith Stein? Um estudo em Teologia e Direitos Humanos
Authors: Mendes Everaldo dos Santos 
Published: January 2015

Este estudo objetivou pesquisar a “comunidade estatal” como possibilidade de fundamento ontoteológico — Trinitário — do Estado em Edith Stein e suas interfaces com os Direitos Humanos. Por essa via, foi adotado o seguinte horizonte arqueológico: escavar os elementos soberania, povo e território e lançá-los à luz dos escritos de Edith Stein, de seus mestres e comentadores, com as pesquisas dos nossos dias sobre o Estado — o que fizemos por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa de levantamento bibliográfico. No fenômeno da vida associada, só a comunidade (Gemeinschaft) pode abarcar a pessoa humana: corpo-psique-espírito. Por pessoa humana, compreendemos um eu consciente e livre, que, mergulhado em sua ambiguidade (ontológico-ética) e finitude, clama por ser-com o outro, via de acesso ao Outro: um mysterium tremendum — não como mero desejo do desejo de outrem —, na sua condição de ser-medicante de uma realização plena: mendicância de ser feliz, de ser infinito. Na visão orgânica do Estado, identificamos os aspectos espiritual (soberania), psíquico (povo) e corpóreo (território), e vimos que o Estado — uma pessoa, jurídica — necessita de um território do mesmo modo que uma pessoa, humana, precisa de um corpo para viver. Nos nossos dias, o Estado reclama como fundamento uma “comunidade estatal” e não um “contrato social”, como proclama o Estado Moderno. Na comunidade estatal, a soberania — condicio sine qua non — está para o Estado do mesmo modo que a liberdade está para a pessoa humana. Nos escritos de Edith Stein, a concepção cristã — Trinitária — de pessoa humana tem um papel fundamental. Trata-se de uma antropologia cristocêntrica, que apreende a complexidade do ser humano de modo subjetivo e intersubjetivo. Edith Stein mostra — ou melhor, confirma — uma extraordinária visão de conjunto, capaz de abarcar o particular sempre orientado ao universal.
Noninvasive Prenatal Testing Using Cell‐Free Fetal DNA in Maternal Plasma
Authors: Dharajiya Nilesh , Zwiefelhofer Tricia , Guan Xiaojun , Angkachatchai Vach , Saldivar Juan‐Sebastian 
Published: January 2015

AbstractNoninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) represents an outstanding example of how novel scientific discoveries can be quickly and successfully developed into hugely impactful clinical diagnostic tests. Since the introduction of NIPT to detect trisomy 21 in late 2011, the technology has rapidly advanced to analyze other autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidies, and now includes the detection of subchromosomal deletion and duplication events. Here we provide a brief overview of how noninvasive prenatal testing using next‐generation sequencing is performed. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Stranded Whole Transcriptome RNA‐Seq for All RNA Types
Authors: Miller David F.B. , Yan Pearlly X. , Fang Fang , Buechlein Aaron , Ford James B. , Tang Haixu , Huang Tim H. , Burow Matthew E. , Liu Yunlong , Rusch Douglas B. , Nephew Kenneth P. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractStranded whole transcriptome RNA‐Seq described in this unit captures quantitative expression data for all types of RNA including, but not limited to, miRNA (microRNA), piRNA (Piwi‐interacting RNA), snoRNA (small nucleolar RNA), lincRNA (large non‐coding intergenic RNA), SRP RNA (signal recognition particle RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), mtRNA (mitochondrial RNA), and mRNA (messenger RNA). The size and nature of these types of RNA are irrelevant to the approach described here. Barcoded libraries for multiplexing on the Illumina platform are generated with this approach but it can be applied to other platforms with a few modifications. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Slip‐rate‐dependent melt extraction at oceanic transform faults
Authors: Bai Hailong , Montési Laurent G. J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCrustal thickness differences between oceanic transform faults and associated mid‐ocean ridges may be explained by melt migration and extraction processes. Slow‐slipping transform faults exhibit more positive gravity anomalies than the adjacent spreading centers, indicating relative thin crust in the transform domain, whereas at intermediate‐spreading and fast‐spreading ridges transform faults are characterized by more negative gravity anomalies than the adjacent spreading centers, indicating thick crust in the transform domain. We present numerical models reproducing these observations and infer that melt can be extracted at fast‐slipping transforms, but not at slow‐slipping ones. Melt extraction is modeled as a three‐step process. (1) Melt moves vertically through buoyancy‐driven porous flow enhanced by subvertical dissolution channels. (2) Melt accumulates in and travels along a decompaction channel lining a low‐permeability barrier at the base of the thermal boundary layer. (3) Melt is extracted to the surface when it enters a melt extraction zone. A melt extraction width of 2–4 km and a melt extraction depth of 15–20 km are needed to fit the tectonic damages associated with oceanic plate boundaries that reach into the upper mantle. Our conclusions are supported by the different degrees of magmatic activities exhibited at fast‐slipping and slow‐slipping transforms as reflected in geological features, geochemical signals, and seismic behaviors. We also constrain that the maximum lateral distance of crust‐level dike propagation is about 50–70 km.
Time scales of intra‐oceanic arc magmatism from combined U‐Th and (U‐Th)/He zircon geochronology of Dominica, Lesser Antilles
Authors: Howe T. M. , Schmitt A. K. , Lindsay J. M. , Shane P. , Stockli D. F. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe island of Dominica, located in the intra‐oceanic Lesser Antilles arc, has produced a series of intermediate (mostly andesitic) lava domes and ignimbrites since the early Pleistocene. (U‐Th)/He eruption ages from centers across the island range from ∼3 to ∼770 ka, with at least 10 eruptions occurring in the last 80 ka. Three eruptions occurred near the southern tip of Dominica (Plat Pays Volcanic Complex) in the past 15 ka alone. Zircon U‐Th ages from individual centers range from near‐eruption to secular equilibrium implicating protracted storage and recycling of zircons within the crust. Overlapping zircon crystallization peaks within deposits from geographically separated vents (up to 40 km apart) indicate that magma associated with separate volcanic edifices crystallized zircon contemporaneously. Two lava domes from the southern sector of the island display exclusively young zircon rim ages (<50 ka) with narrow crystallization peaks consistent with the construction of a new magma reservoir. The younging of eruption and crystallization ages implies that the magmatic foci leading to the construction of this reservoir have migrated southward, arc‐parallel over time. Overall, our data support geochemical models for the ongoing construction of a silicic intrusive complex, consisting of varying amounts of crystal mush, beneath the island. U‐Pb zircon ages <1–2 Ma indicate that accumulation of this complex is entirely Quaternary in age. Together zircon U‐Th and U‐Pb ages for Dominica suggest that the magmatic processes and time scales operating in intra‐oceanic arcs are similar to those documented for continental arcs.
The time dependence of reversed archeomagnetic flux patches
Authors: Terra‐Nova Filipe , Amit Hagay , Hartmann Gelvam A. , Trindade Ricardo I. F. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractArcheomagnetic field models may provide important insights to the geodynamo. Here we investigate the existence and mobility of reversed flux patches (RFPs) in an archeomagnetic field model. We introduce topological algorithms to define, identify, and track RFPs. In addition, we explore the relations between RFPs and dipole changes and apply robustness tests to the RFPs. In contrast to previous definitions, patches that reside on the geographic equator are adequately identified based on our RFPs definition. Most RFPs exhibit a westward drift and migrate toward higher latitudes. Undulations of the magnetic equator and RFPs oppose the axial dipole moment (ADM). Filtered models show a tracking behavior similar to the nonfiltered model, and surprisingly new RFPs occasionally emerge. The advection and diffusion of RFPs have worked in unison to yield the decrease of the ADM at recent times. The absence of RFPs in the period 550–1440 A.D. is related to a low in intermediate degrees of the geomagnetic power spectrum. We thus hypothesize that the RFPs are strongly dependent on intermediate spherical harmonic degrees 4 and above.
Direct measurement of asperity contact growth in quartz at hydrothermal conditions
Authors: Beeler N. M. , Hickman Stephen H. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractEarthquake recurrence requires interseismic fault restrengthening which results from solid‐state deformation in room temperature friction and indentation experiments. In contrast, exhumed fault zones show solution‐transport processes such as pressure solution, and contact overgrowths influence fault zone properties. In the absence of fluid flow, overgrowths are driven by gradients in surface curvature where material is dissolved, diffuses, and precipitates at the contact without convergence normal to the contact. To determine the rate of overgrowth for quartz, we conducted single‐contact experiments in an externally heated pressure vessel. Convergence was continuously monitored using reflected light interferometry through a long‐working‐distance microscope. Contact normal force was constant with an initial effective normal stress of 1.7 MPa, temperature was between 350 and 530°C, and water pressure was constant at 150 MPa. Two control experiments were conducted: one dry at 425°C and one bimaterial (sapphire) at 425°C and 150 MPa water pressure. No contact growth or convergence was observed in the controls. For wet single‐phase contacts, growth was initially rapid and then decreased with time. No convergence was observed. Fluid inclusions indicate that the contact is not uniformly wetted. The contact is bounded by small regions of high aperture, reflecting local free‐face dissolution as the source for the overgrowth. The apparent activation energy is ~125 kJ/mol. Extrapolation predicts rates of contact area increase orders of magnitude faster than in dry, room temperature and hydrothermal friction experiments, suggesting that natural strength recovery near the base of the seismogenic zone could be dominated by contact overgrowth.
Assessing the limits of bias‐correcting climate model outputs for climate change impact studies
Authors: Chen Jie , Brissette François P. , Lucas‐Picher Philippe 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBias correction of climate model outputs has emerged as a standard procedure in most recent climate change impact studies. A crucial assumption of all bias correction approaches is that climate model biases are constant over time. The validity of this assumption has important implications for impact studies and needs to be verified to properly address uncertainty in future climate projections. Using 10 climate model simulations, this study specifically tests the bias stationarity of climate model outputs over Canada and the contiguous United States (U.S.) by comparing model outputs with corresponding observations over two 20 year historical periods (1961–1980 and 1981–2000). The results show that precipitation biases are clearly nonstationary over much of Canada and the contiguous U.S. and where they vary over much shorter time scales than those normally considered in climate change impact studies. In particular, the difference in biases over two very close periods of the recent past are, in fact, comparable to the climate change signal between future (2061–2080) and historical (1961–1980) periods for precipitation over large parts of Canada and the contiguous U.S., indicating that the uncertainty of future impacts may have been underestimated in most impact studies. In comparison, temperature bias can be considered to be approximately stationary for most of Canada and the contiguous U.S. when compared with the magnitude of the climate change signal. Given the reality that precipitation is usually considered to be more important than temperature for many impact studies, it is advisable that natural climate variability and climate model sensitivity be better emphasized in future impact studies.
Characterizing Bile Acid and Lipid Metabolism in the Liver and Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice
Authors: Modica Salvatore , Murzilli Stefania , Moschetta Antonio 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMouse models that mimic human diseases are invaluable tools to study and discover genetic and pharmacological therapies for human diseases. The protocols described in this article are intended to assess general clinical parameters in the context of the enterohepatic system under both normal and pathological conditions. Methods are presented for characterizing liver and intestinal function with a focus on bile acid and lipid metabolism in the gut‐liver axis. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 1:289‐321 © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.