bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreasing the electrostatic discharge generated from friction of polyester and polyamide sing carbon fiber
Authors: Suaad H. , Mohamed M. K. , Ali W. Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present work discusses the voltage difference as a measure for electrostatic charge generated from the contact‐separation and sliding of polymeric textiles on polyamide textile. It is proposed to blend polyester by carbon fiber to decrease the electrostatic charge generated on the contact surfaces. Because polyester acquires a negative charge and polyamide gains a positive one, carbon fiber is proposed to conduct the negative electrostatic charge from polyester to polyamide and conducts the positive one from polyamide to polyester, so that the resultant electrostatic charge decreased. The effect of carbon fiber to decrease the electrostatic charge depends on its area of contact, interaction, and distribution with polyester. Polyester double weaved by carbon fiber showed the lowest voltage. Based on those observations, it can be recommended to use double weaves of carbon fiber with polyester. The reduction in voltage was relatively lower for braided polyester by carbon fiber than that detected for double‐weaved polyester by carbon fiber.
Regulation of bone homeostasis: signaling pathways and therapeutic targets
Authors: Wu Zebin , Li Wenming , Jiang Kunlong , Lin Zhixiang , Qian Chen , Wu Mingzhou , Xia Yu , Li Ning , Zhang Hongtao , Xiao Haixiang , Bai Jiaxiang , Geng Dechun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs a highly dynamic tissue, bone is continuously rebuilt throughout life. Both bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts constitute bone reconstruction homeostasis. The equilibrium of bone homeostasis is governed by many complicated signaling pathways that weave together to form an intricate network. These pathways coordinate the meticulous processes of bone formation and resorption, ensuring the structural integrity and dynamic vitality of the skeletal system. Dysregulation of the bone homeostatic regulatory signaling network contributes to the development and progression of many skeletal diseases. Significantly, imbalanced bone homeostasis further disrupts the signaling network and triggers a cascade reaction that exacerbates disease progression and engenders a deleterious cycle. Here, we summarize the influence of signaling pathways on bone homeostasis, elucidating the interplay and crosstalk among them. Additionally, we review the mechanisms underpinning bone homeostatic imbalances across diverse disease landscapes, highlighting current and prospective therapeutic targets and clinical drugs. We hope that this review will contribute to a holistic understanding of the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms sustaining bone homeostasis, which are promising to contribute to further research on bone homeostasis and shed light on the development of targeted drugs.
Gallium complex K6 inhibits colorectal cancer by increasing ROS levels to induce DNA damage and enhance phosphatase and tensin homolog activity
Authors: Li Wei , Yang Chuanyu , Cheng Zhuo , Wu Yuanyuan , Zhou Sihan , Qi Xiaowei , Zhang Yi , Hu Jinhui , Xie Mingjin , Chen Ceshi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. In the clinical realm, platinum‐based drugs hold an important role in the chemotherapy of CRC. Nonetheless, a multitude of patients, due to tumor protein 53 (TP53) gene mutations, experience the emergence of drug resistance. This phenomenon gravely impairs the effectiveness of therapy and long‐term prognosis. Gallium, a metallic element akin to iron, has been reported that has the potential to be used to develop new metal anticancer drugs. In this study, we screened and established the gallium complex K6 as a potent antitumor agent in both in vitro and in vivo. K6 exhibited superior efficacy in impeding the growth, proliferation, and viability of CRC cells carrying TP53 mutations compared to oxaliplatin. Mechanistically, K6 escalated reactive oxygen species levels and led deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Furthermore, K6 effectively suppressed the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) pathway, leading to the degradation of its downstream effectors myelocytomatosis (c‐Myc) and Krueppel‐like factor 5 (KLF5). Conversely, K6 diminished the protein expression of WW domain‐containing protein 1 (WWP1) while activating phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) through c‐Myc degradation. This dual action further demonstrated the potential of K6 as a promising therapeutic compound for TP53‐mutated CRC.
A useful interpretation of firm level Tobin's q
Authors: Zaleski Peter A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIndustrial organization economists and financial analysts often employ firm level Tobin's q, typically interpreted as the firm's market value divided by its book value. The measurements, applications, and interpretations vary considerably enough to warrant the questioning of its usefulness. This paper develops a conceptual framework for Tobin's q and, in doing so, offers some useful interpretations that hopefully clear up some of the past misunderstandings regarding this useful metric.
Open access segmentations of intraoperative brain tumor ultrasound images
Authors: Behboodi Bahareh , Carton Francois‐Xavier , Chabanas Matthieu , de Ribaupierre Sandrine , Solheim Ole , Munkvold Bodil K. R. , Rivaz Hassan , Xiao Yiming , Reinertsen Ingerid 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeRegistration and segmentation of magnetic resonance (MR) and ultrasound (US) images could play an essential role in surgical planning and resectioning brain tumors. However, validating these techniques is challenging due to the scarcity of publicly accessible sources with high‐quality ground truth information. To this end, we propose a unique set of segmentations (RESECT‐SEG) of cerebral structures from the previously published RESECT dataset to encourage a more rigorous development and assessment of image‐processing techniques for neurosurgery.Acquisition and Validation MethodsThe RESECT database consists of MR and intraoperative US (iUS) images of 23 patients who underwent brain tumor resection surgeries. The proposed RESECT‐SEG dataset contains segmentations of tumor tissues, sulci, falx cerebri, and resection cavity of the RESECT iUS images. Two highly experienced neurosurgeons validated the quality of the segmentations.Data Format and Usage NotesSegmentations are provided in 3D NIFTI format in the OSF open‐science platform: https://osf.io/jv8bk.Potential ApplicationsThe proposed RESECT‐SEG dataset includes segmentations of real‐world clinical US brain images that could be used to develop and evaluate segmentation and registration methods. Eventually, this dataset could further improve the quality of image guidance in neurosurgery.
Acute nicotinamide riboside supplementation increases human cerebral NAD+ levels in vivo
Authors: Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Wiers Corinde E. , Elliott Mark A. , Wilson Neil E. , Liu Fang , Cao Quy , Swago Sophie , Jacobs Paul S. , Armbruster Ryan , Reddy Damodara , Baur Joseph A. , Witschey Walter R. , Detre John A. , Reddy Ravinder 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation on cerebral nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels in the human brain in vivo by means of downfield proton MRS (DF 1H MRS).MethodsDF 1H MRS was performed on 10 healthy volunteers in a 7.0 T MRI scanner with spectrally selective excitation and spatially selective localization to determine cerebral NAD+ levels on two back‐to‐back days: once after an overnight fast (baseline) and once 4 h after oral ingestion of nicotinamide riboside (900 mg). Additionally, two more baseline scans were performed following the same paradigm to assess test–retest reliability of the NAD+ levels in the absence of NR.ResultsNR supplementation increased mean NAD+ concentration compared to the baseline (0.458 ± 0.053 vs. 0.392 ± 0.058 mM; p < 0.001). The additional two baseline scans demonstrated no differences in mean NAD+ concentrations (0.425 ± 0.118 vs. 0.405 ± 0.082 mM; p = 0.45), and no difference from the first baseline scan (F(2, 16) = 0.907; p = 0.424).ConclusionThese preliminary results confirm that acute NR supplementation increases cerebral NAD+ levels in healthy human volunteers and shows the promise of DF 1H MRS utility for robust detection of NAD+ in humans in vivo.
Association between thyroid hormone resistance and obesity: a cross‐sectional study and mouse stimulation test
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Yu Huimin , Wang Kai , Han Junming , Song Yongfeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThyroid hormone influences key metabolic pathways, and reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormone is considered a new risk factor for adverse metabolic outcomes. However, the association between thyroid hormone resistance and obesity in euthyroid individuals is still unknown.MethodsWe enrolled 8021 euthyroid individuals, calculated thyroid hormone resistance indices, and analyzed the association between thyroid hormone resistance and obesity by regression analysis. Furthermore, we conducted the thyrotropin‐releasing hormone stimulation test in both control and obese mice (n = 5) to demonstrate the association.ResultsThe euthyroid adults with overweight and obesity had increased thyroid hormone resistance indices (all p < 0.05). BMI and prevalence of overweight and obesity increased (odds ratio of thyroid feedback quantile‐based index [ORTFQI] = 1.164, p = 0.036; OR of free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine [ORFT3/FT4] = 1.508, p < 0.001) following the elevation of thyroid hormone resistance indices. Mediation analysis indicated a complete mediation effect (beta coefficient of indirect effect [βInd]= 6.838, p < 0.001) of metabolic disorders in the relationship. Furthermore, in the mice with obesity, the thyrotropin response to thyrotropin‐releasing hormone stimulation (68.33–90.89 pg/mL) was comparatively blunted (p = 0.029).ConclusionsEuthyroid individuals with obesity exhibit both central and peripheral thyroid hormone resistance, a phenomenon that is more pronounced in individuals with metabolic abnormalities. Thyroid hormone resistance is associated with an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity mediated by metabolic disorders.
Nasal Septal Perforation Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Bansberg Stephen F. , House Trenton , Marino Michael J. , Taylor Cullen M. , Miglani Amar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe and illustrate septal perforation shape through the documentation and analysis of length and height measurements. A secondary objective is to correlate perforation size to surgical and nonsurgical etiologies.Stuy DesignRetrospective case series.SettingTertiary academic medical center.MethodsLength and height of consecutively treated perforations over a 3‐year period were measured directly or through computed tomography. Mean differences in length and height measurements were compared and regression analysis used to determine perforation shape and the effect of etiology on perforation size. Perforations were classified by length into small (1‐5 mm), medium (6‐15 mm), and large (>15 mm) and correlated to shape and etiology.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐four patients (mean age 50.4 years, 60.5% female) met study inclusion criteria. Height was less than length in 93% of perforations 5 mm or greater in length. Mean perforation height was significantly less than length for medium and large perforations (P < .001). Mean length and height measurements of nonsurgical perforations were greater than those for surgical perforations (P < .001).ConclusionHeight is less than length in over 90% of septal perforations. Most perforations assume an elliptical shape as they enlarge. Accurate measurement and presentation of length and height is relevant information to perforation management decisions and for the evaluation of treatment outcomes.
Empirical and numerical analysis of damage tolerance in multifunctional hybrid sandwich fiber reinforced polymers composite structures for aerospace applications using compression after impact (CAI) testing
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Umer Malik Adeel , Khan Haris Ali , Asim Kamran 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study presents a novel hybrid‐sandwich composite structure, customized for nose radomes applications, incorporating a foam core and distinct opposite face sheets composed of Kevlar and S‐Glass materials. Addressing in‐phase electromagnetic properties, UV protection and low velocity impact responses in our previously published work, this paper empirically and numerically investigates the damage tolerance response of the proposed structures through compression after impact (CAI) testing. The low velocity impacts (LVIs) on S‐Glass face sheets exhibited unique energy dispersion and absorption mechanisms, resulting in variations in indent damage depths and widths across all impact energy levels as compared with LVIs on Kevlar face sheets. After experimentally assessing the CAI behavior, a FE model is developed to predict CAI behavior, which closely aligned with experimental findings. This study, unprecedented in existing literature, proposes hybrid sandwich structures for nose radome aerospace applications, with superior specific impact and residual strength compared to various composite sandwich structures documented in the published literature expanding its utility beyond radomes.Highlights
Innovative composites with superior low velocity impact response, tested for compression after impact performance.
Designed for nose radomes found suitable for other impact prone applications.
Experimental and numerical modeling showed comparable results.
Major differences observed in damage mechanics, resistance, and tolerances.
A review of the formability of woven fabrics for composite materials
Authors: Zhang Yifan , You Maowang , Guo Qiwei , Li Chao , Zhang Daijun , Shi Dongjie , Zhang Jingyi , Sun Zheng , Zhang Peng , Wang Tianqi , Chen Li 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTextile composites are advanced materials composed of preforms combined with matrix materials. The fiber structure in the preform has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the composite. Precise control over preform dimensions and internal fiber structural uniformity, termed ‘accurate shape control’, is essential to ensure reliable and stable composite component mechanical properties. This paper reviews current research progress on fabric deformation mechanisms, focusing on experimental characterization and numerical simulation. Experimental methods for fabric deformation include tensile, compression, bending, and shear deformation, whereas numerical methods encompass macroscopic continuum, discrete, and semi‐discrete models. The insights offered in this paper will aid a greater understanding of fabric deformation mechanisms, enabling an accurate prediction of complex shape molding and effective process parameter design, ultimately facilitating the structural design and engineering applications of textile composites.Highlights
Recent trends and challenges in the study of fabric deformation mechanisms are presented.
The experimental methods for fabric deformation were summarized and evaluated.
Representative numerical modeling techniques and simulation methods are discussed.
Some recommendations on potential future research directions are detailed.
Whole proteome analysis of germinating and outgrowing Bacillus subtilis 168
Authors: Pospíšil Jiří , Sax Alice , Hubálek Martin , Krásný Libor , Vohradský Jiří 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, we present a high‐resolution dataset and bioinformatic analysis of the proteome of Bacillus subtilis 168 trp+ (BSB1) during germination and spore outgrowth. Samples were collected at 14 different time points (ranging from 0 to 130 min) in three biological replicates after spore inoculation into germination medium. A total of 2191 proteins were identified and categorized based on their expression kinetics. We observed four distinct clusters that were analyzed for functional categories and KEGG pathways annotations. The examination of newly synthesized proteins between successive time points revealed significant changes, particularly within the first 50 min. The dataset provides an information base that can be used for modeling purposes and inspire the design of new experiments.
Efficient Fabrication of CrFeO3‐Based Humidity Sensing Device with Fast Dynamics for Real‐Time Breath Monitoring and Contact‐Less Sensing
Authors: Dhariwal Neeraj , Yadav Preety , Kumari Manju , Kumar Vinod , Thakur O.P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, a simple and cost‐effective method is presented for developing a metal oxide‐based humidity sensor. CrFeO3 is synthesized without any precipitating agent and chosen as a model material to study the validity of humidity sensing properties. The surface morphology and structural analysis are provided using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. Elemental analysis is provided with the help of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Obtained results demonstrate the tunable response of order 860 and stability in a large range of humidity. Also, by controlling the porosity and film uniformity, a fast response time of 1.6 s and a recovery time of 2.6 s are achieved with very low hysteresis. Also, cole–cole plot and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra in the presence and absence of humidity provide detailed analysis of surface interaction with H2O molecules. In addition to this, the developed sensor demonstrates excellent response and reproducibility toward real‐time human respiration monitoring along with non‐contact sensing. This work enables the study of developed sensors in real‐time humidity monitoring for practical applications.
Numerical Study of Air–Vapor–Particle Flow in Gas Cyclone
Authors: Jin Ruizhi , Zhao Ming , Zhang Yumeng , Wang Bo , Dong Kejun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a numerical study of the complex multiphase flow of air, vapor, and particles in an innovative gas cyclone called CAP cyclone. The air–vapor flow is modeled as a mixture by the Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes equations with the mixture species transport and the Eulerian wall film model using FLUENT. Particle flow is modeled by the Lagrangian particle tracking method and the condensational growth of particle droplets is modeled via a user‐defined function. The model is validated by reaching good agreement with experimental results. Flow field analysis shows that the added vapor does not change the major vortex characteristics in the cyclone, but the vapor distribution is not uniform. The vapor concentration is much higher in the upper part than in the lower part of the cyclone, leading to insufficient condensational growth in the lower part. A secondary vapor injection is proposed to improve the vapor concentration in the lower part, which is shown to be effective in improving the collection efficiency. The model and the results are helpful to the understanding and optimization of the CAP cyclone technology, and also the vapor and particle droplet flow in turbulent flows.
Endophytic entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents of insect pests
Authors: Panwar Neha , Szczepaniec Adrianna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEntomopathogenic fungi capable of establishing mutualistic endophytic relationships with plants have a tremendous potential as biocontrol agents of insect pests. While fungi have long played an important and highly effective role in pest suppression, the utility of endophytic entomopathogenic fungi in pest management is a relatively new and emerging topic of biocontrol. Here we discuss the relevance of endophytic fungi to plant health in general, synthesize the current knowledge of the effectiveness of endophytic entomopathogenic fungi against diverse insect pests, discuss the indirect plant‐mediated effects of endophytic entomopathogenic fungi on arthropods, and describe the diverse benefits of endophytic fungi to plants that are likely to affect herbivores and plant pathogens as well. Lastly, we consider major challenges to incorporating endophytic entomopathogenic fungi in biocontrol, such as their non‐target effects and field efficacy, which can be variable and influenced by environmental factors. Continued research on endophyte–insect–plant–environment interactions is critical to advancing our knowledge of these fungi as a sustainable pest management tactic. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
US Farmworkers’ Barriers to Preventing Heat‐Related Illness: An Integrative Review
Authors: Edgerly Ashley , Gillespie Gordon Lee , Hittle Beverly M. , Bhattacharya Amit 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOccupational heat‐related illness (HRI) is problematic in the United States. Farmworkers are disproportionately affected by HRI compared to other workers. Uncovering barriers that farmworkers face to the prevention of HRI is crucial to reducing HRI‐associated morbidity and mortality. This integrative review aimed to understand US farmworkers’ barriers to preventing HRI.MethodsAn integrative review occurred following Whittemore and Knafl guidelines. Literature searches occurred on PubMed, Medline, and Agricola. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and removing duplicates, nine articles remained for review.ResultsThere were nine articles in the review. The majority of articles used a convenience sample. In all studies, the populations were farmworkers or agricultural workers. The study designs included cross‐sectional, mixed methods, qualitative focus groups, and a longitudinal study. The articles revealed several themes related to prevention barriers: access to prevention, education and training, work culture, and compensation. Farmworkers often lack access to proper prevention measures, education, and training. Work culture and compensation were obstacles to preventing HRI as some workers feel powerless to speak up for themselves, whereas others are tempted to forgo breaks because of the way they are compensated.ConclusionsThis review indicates the need for more research to understand the barriers farmworkers face to HRI prevention. Providing prevention measures without considering obstacles to their use is ineffective in reducing HRI. Because many farmworkers lack oversight and regulation of prevention measures, focusing on barriers and areas over which farmworkers have more control could have a significant impact.