bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A monolithic overset finite element method for CFD with application to bio-inspired fliers
Authors: Zhao Ze , Paudel Shashwot , Xu Yongjia , Wang Xuguang , Zhu Qiming , Yan Jinhui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a monolithic finite element-based overset approach to simulate turbulent flows around moving structures on overlapping unstructured meshes. The conventional Schwarz alternating method, which iterates between overlapping subdomains by exchanging boundary conditions to obtain the solution, often suffers from slow convergence. Aiming to address this issue, we formulate a computational framework that treats overlapping subdomains as a whole system by evaluating solution continuity across subdomain boundaries as residuals in the nonlinear solving process. The approach does not necessitate iterative procedures between subdomains, leading to a practical monolithic approach. We propose two additional techniques in the framework to enable an efficient parallel implementation. Firstly, an octree-accelerated node location algorithm is developed for fast solution projection between subdomains. Secondly, since no connectivity exists for the overlapping subdomains, a parallel generalized minimal residual method (GMRES) with a composite and partial matrix-free technique is proposed to solve the linear systems covering the entire problem domain. The proposed monolithic concept is combined with arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian and variational multi-scale formulations (ALE-VMS) to simulate turbulent flows on moving meshes. We present the mathematical and implementation details of the proposed overset approach. Then, we verify the proposed approach using Burgers' equation. The proposed approach is thoroughly assessed under different spatial resolutions, time step lengths, and overlapping sizes. The convergence study shows that the proposed monolithic approach outperforms the traditional Schwarz alternating method. The improved performance of the monolithic approach is further demonstrated by simulating flow past a sphere. Finally, we apply the proposed approach to simulate the aerodynamics around a bio-inspired flying system involving two fliers. The proposed approach can simultaneously maintain a boundary-fitted representation and handle the relative motion between the two fliers, delivering results that show good agreement with wind tunnel experimental data.
Constitutive Model with Three State Variables for Coral Sand Considering the Effect of Particle Breakage
Authors: Cai Zheng-yin , Guo Wan-li , Chen Yuan-yi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Coral sand is a typical crushable granular soil, and its mechanical properties are not only state-dependent but also significantly affected by particle breakage. The classical state-dependent model only considers the two state variables, i.e., void ratio and confining pressure. To introduce the initial gradation as the third state variable into the constitutive model, a series of triaxial consolidation drainage tests under various gradations, relative densities and confining pressures were conducted on the coral sand from South China Sea. Experimental results demonstrated that the initial gradation and confining pressure have a significant effect on the particle breakage of coral sand. The critical state line of coral sand in the e-(p'/pa)ξ plane can be expressed as a straight line, and the intercept eΓ is related to both the initial void ratio and the initial gradation, while the slope λc is only correlated with the initial gradation. A three state variables-dependent constitutive model considering the effect of particle breakage is developed and validated in this paper, and the simulation results show that the model can well predict the stress-strain behavior of coral sand under various initial gradations, relative densities and confining pressures by using only one set of model parameters.
Pre-extraction Alveolar Buccal Bone Overbuilding: A Preclinical Investigation
Authors: Iida Takahisa , Botticelli Daniele , Miki Michihide , Guzon Fernando M. Muñoz , Ferri Mauro , De Rossi Ermenegildo Federico , Baba Shunsuke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The pre-extraction overbuilding procedure was designed with the intent to mitigate buccal bone resorption following tooth extraction. This study aimed to address this gap by comparing the efficacy of pre-extraction and juxta-extraction buccal overbuilding treatments in preserving buccal bone volume following tooth extraction. Material and Methods: At the test sites (pre-extraction sites), an alveolar crest overbuilding was performed on the buccal aspect of the distal root of the fourth premolar using a xenograft covered with a collagen membrane. No treatment was applied at the control sites. After 3 months, the distal roots of both fourth premolars were extracted and the alveoli were filled with a collagenated xenograft. An overbuilt procedure was performed also at the control sites (juxta-extraction sites). After 3 months, biopsies were collected.
Results: at the clinical evaluation, the buccal bone crest was apical to the lingual bone crest 1.4 mm and 1.2 mm at the pre-extraction and juxta-extraction sites, respectively. At the histological evaluation, the resorption of the buccal bone was 3.2 mm at the pre-extraction sites, and 3.3 mm at the juxta-extraction sites. New bone originated from the residual pre-existing bone crest in an attempt to restore the original dimension.
Conclusion: the buccal overbuilding procedures conducted before and at the time of tooth extraction did not aid in preserving the buccal bone crest. Nevertheless, indications of ongoing bone regeneration were evident within the augmented space maintained by the biomaterial, suggesting that a prolonged healing time might be required to attain optimal outcomes.
Cooperative Control Method Combining Signal Control and Eco-Speed Guidance under Non-bus Lane Conditions in the Connected Environment
Authors: Li Hui , Ge Yunfei , Duan Yuzhou , Zhang Xu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The transit signal priority (TSP), as an effective method to address public transport operation issues, has been widely applied. With the continuous advancement of connected technology, research on developing bus priority strategies using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology is gaining increasing attention. However, existing studies on TSP mainly focus on exclusive bus lanes, overlooking the adverse impact of private vehicle queues at intersections on bus priority strategies. To more effectively evaluate the optimization effect of bus priority under non-bus lane conditions, this paper proposes a cooperative control method combining signal control and eco-speed guidance in a connected environment. The objective is to maximize the reduction in delays for both buses and private vehicles at intersections and optimize carbon emission reduction. Initially, an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is employed to predict the arrival time of buses at intersections and the signal status. Building upon this, optimal timings for phase adjustments and the best bus trajectories are calculated using signal control and eco-speed guidance models. This approach aims to enhance bus operational efficiency while further lowering traffic carbon emissions. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified using Zhengzhou city as a case study and compared against scenarios involving NTSP, TSP, and speed guidance. The results demonstrate that, in the absence of exclusive bus lanes, the proposed method not only ensures the stability of bus operations but also achieves significant bus priority and carbon emission benefits while mitigating the adverse impact of bus priority on private vehicles to a certain extent.
Heterosis is more important than propagule pressure for the establishment of invasive hybrid cattail (Typha x glauca) populations
Authors: Freeland Joanna , Kowalczyk Olivia , Brennan Margaret , Dorken Marcel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A notable proportion of invasive plant taxa are interspecific hybrids, and their success can be influenced by both the frequency with which hybrids are formed (propagule pressure) and their ability to outcompete their parent species. A vast cattail hybrid zone in central Canada and the USA comprises T. latifolia, T. angustifolia, and their hybrid T. x glauca. The maternal parent is T. angustifolia, which in some regions is less common than T. latifolia or T. x glauca; whether this translates into low T. x glauca propagule pressure will depend partly on whether T. angustifolia produces a high proportion of hybrids. The success of hybrids also depends on seedling establishment, and although T. x glauca exhibits heterosis at later life stages, little is known about its competitive ability at the seedling stage. We tested whether propagule pressure and/or competitive ability can help to explain the successful establishment of invasive T. x glauca. We collected fruit from 14 maternal T. angustifolia plants across 12 sites in and around Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, and grew seedlings from each plant both singly (without competition) and in groups (with competition). We used genetic data to assign a subset of seedlings to taxon, and found that overall, most seedlings (78%) were T. angustifolia, suggesting relatively low propagule pressure for hybrids. However, significantly more T. angustifolia seedlings (86%) grew singly - and thus without competition - compared to those grown in a group, competitive environment (71%). Typha hybrids dominate wetlands across a substantial area including the Laurentian Great Lakes and Prairie Pothole regions, and our data suggest that strong competitive ability is more important than propagule pressure for the establishment of these successful invaders.
An effective approach for adaptive operator selection and comparison for PSO algorithm
Authors: Akkaya Ahmet , Közkurt Cemil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The search process with metaheuristic algorithms is mostly performed using one operator. The most important problem of using only one operator in the algorithm is that the success of the algorithm is determined by the success of the operator used. If the selected operator fails, it can be said that it is very difficult for the algorithm to be successful. To improve the algorithm's performance, the number of operators can also be increased. Using a total of three operators, a particle swarm optimization technique is suggested in this paper to solve 28 problems, comprising 5 Unimodal functions, 15 Multimodal functions, and 8 Composition functions in the CEC 2013 benchmark problems. In the proposed algorithm, parameter tuning operations were performed to determine the optimal parameters. Then, Adaptive Pursuit and Probability Matching methods were used to select the most successful operator with the optimal parameters. The obtained data were compared with eight different algorithms in the literature. It was observed that the proposed algorithm was more successful than the compared algorithms in 30 and 50 dimensions and showed a competitive behavior in 100 dimensions.
End-to-end fabric defect detection algorithm using lighter feature fusion network
Authors: Zhu Lei , Qiao Yijie , Geng Cuicui , Wang Qianqian , Pan Yang , Zhang Bo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the task of fabric defect detection, there are problems such as missed detection and false detection caused by defects with large aspect ratios and complex fabric backgrounds. We propose an improved fabric defect detection method based on YOLOv7, which can reduce the amount of network parameters while increasing the detection accuracy. Firstly, a double-branch partial convolution module DBPM is added to the backbone network to reduce the network parameters amount while improving detection accuracy. Secondly, the simple attention mechanism SimAM is introduced in the backbone network to enhance the feature extraction ability of various size and shape defects without introducing additional parameters. Finally, the neck network is reconstructed as a lighter feature fusion network to further reduce the number of network parameters. By testing the datasets, it can be concluded that compared with the original algorithm, the FLOPS of the improved algorithm is reduced by 51.1%, the parameters amount decreases by 36.3%, the mean average precision mAP@0.5 is increased by 5.1%, and the missed detection rate is reduced by 3.6%.
In vitro selection, assessment, and identification of potential probiotic features of the Bacillus strains isolated from the intestine of Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Shija Vicent Michael , Amoah Kwaku , Li Yi , Yong Zhong , Zhong Xiaopiao , Cai Jia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to explore the probiotic potential of bacterial species isolated from the digestive tract of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Through morphological, biochemical, 16S rDNA sequencing, and evolutionary relationship assessments, we identified the isolated species as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AV5 (OR647358), Bacillus subtilis AV7 (LC781790), and Bacillus velezensis AV50 (OR647359), designated as AV5, AV7, and AV50 strains, respectively. We evaluated their probiotic potential, including tolerance to high bile salt concentrations, low pH levels, and high temperatures, as well as their adhesion abilities (auto-aggregation and cell-surface hydrophobicity), antimicrobial activity, biosafety, compatibility, hemolytic activity, and antibiotic susceptibility. AV5, AV7, and AV50 strains exhibited γ-hemolytic activity and resistance to low pH (1) and high bile salt concentrations (0.5%). They demonstrated higher viability after exposure to elevated temperatures (80, 90, and 100°C) and increased cell surface hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation. These strains showed positive compatibility, indicating their potential for multispecies use. Strains were susceptible to various antibiotics, showing susceptibility to 17 out of 20 tested antibiotics, and displayed significant antimicrobial activity against V. alginolyticus, V. harveyi, S. iniae, and S. agalactiae. Therefore, AV5, AV7, and AV50 are promising probiotic candidates for enhancing the growth and health of aquatic animals, particularly the Nile tilapia.
Integrated Control of Battery and Ultra Capacitor in a EV’S With Regenerative Breaking
Authors: N SARAVANAN , Thilagar S. Hosimin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This chapter proposes the centralized control of battery-powered electric vehicles as per reference torque cycle. A nonlinear control structure ensures the stable behavior of a motor in all operating modes of the vehicle. A bi-directional DC-DC converter provides an estimated power as per the requirement to load. This significantly improves battery energy utilization and regulation using ultra- capacitor-aided vehicles with regenerative braking. A 24V, 100Ahr battery, and 63F-30V ultracapacitor are sources connected through a 1kW bi-directional converter. It is driven by a gate pulse generated by a controller named Spartan6-LX9. The output of the converter is connected to a 1hp DC motor. An entire system has been verified using a battery with an ultracapacitor and the battery alone. It is proposed to improve voltage regulation and compensate for battery voltage sag, followed by SOC retention improvement. During deceleration regenerative mode, the vehicle enables power flow reversing from load power to source power, which stores the resultant braking energy into an ultra-capacitor. The speed and torque of the motor were estimated based on the driving cycle, and the same was controlled by reference load voltage and current by the RST control strategy. The proposed circuit has been simulated using Simulink and experimentally validated.
Considerations for establishment of a private virtual hospital: Using an implementation science approach to identify pre-implementation barriers and enablers
Authors: Fisher Olivia J. , Grogan Caroline , Barron Andrew , Kanagarajah Shanthi , Smith Sue-Ellen , Smith Ian , McGrath Kelly 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Virtual hospitals are rapidly being implemented internationally. Research has predominantly focused on clinical outcomes not implementation. Identifying and addressing implementation determinants pre-implementation enables health services to tailor virtual hospital models, increasing likelihood of suitability, acceptability, uptake, clinical effectiveness, and sustainability. We aimed to inform the design and implementation of a private Australian virtual hospital by identifying contextual barriers, enablers, and considerations. We conducted a qualitative pre-implementation determinant study using snowball sampling and semi-structured interviews (n = 37) between February and July 2023 with consumers/carers/both (n = 11), clinicians (doctors/allied health/nursing/personal carers), hospital, health service and aged care leadership (n = 22), and public health stakeholders (n-4). Deductive framework analysis based on the PERCS implementation science framework was used. An extensive range of determinants was identified, notably: Enablers – strong executive leadership support; enthusiasm for rural and remote services; need for a clear vision; strong tension for change; commitment to high-quality healthcare. Barriers – restrictive funding models stifle opportunities for innovation; technological limitations; communication challenges; workforce issues; clinicians’ opinions varied on safety and suitability of virtual healthcare. This implementation science approach enabled identification of a broad set of determinants not previously reported, relevant locally and for an international audience. Evaluation of implementation outcomes is necessary.
Cultural differences in customer emotions
Authors: Truong Vinh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

E-commerce platforms have emerged as leading arenas for fostering customer engagement, offering unique pathways for gauging customer satisfaction through reviews and enabling diverse approaches to analyzing content. This inquiry arises from the increasing inclination toward incorporating customer feedback into cultural examinations, addressing a research gap in cultural studies centered on e-commerce platforms across various societies. What sets this study apart is its focus on scrutinizing the emotional expressions of both Eastern and Western consumers as depicted in their online feedback. The findings revealed 27 distinct emotions discernible in both sets of reviews, with notable variations in their distributions. Theoretically, the research posited and verified a novel conceptual correlation between emotions and cultures. On a practical level, it provided businesses with insights into their customers' emotional experiences, facilitating more culturally targeted approaches to customer engagement.
Update of statistical analysis plan for: Effect of fruit smoothie supplementation on psychological distress among people with substance use disorders receiving opioid agonist therapy: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (FruktBAR)
Authors: Arjmand Elaheh Javadi , Druckrey-Fiskaaen Karl Trygve , Furulund Einar , Vold Jørn Henrik , Madebo Tesfaye , Blomhoff Rune , Daltveit Jan Tore , Lid Torgeir Gilje , Chalabianloo Fatemeh , Johansen Kjell Arne , Fadnes Lars Thore 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This update provides a statistical analysis plan for an earlier protocol version for the randomized controlled trial, FruktBAR. This randomized control trial will evaluate the impact of daily fruit smoothie supplementation on psychological distress in people who are receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT). The intervention group receives weekly fruit smoothie supplementation along with their standard OAT. The control group receives standard OAT. The intervention period is 16 weeks, and it was completed in October 2023. The primary outcome is the change in psychological distress measured with Hopkins Symptoms Checklist 10 at the end of the intervention and it will be analyzed according to intention-to-treat and per-protocol principles. The main analyses will be intention-to-treat. Additionally, per protocol analyses will also be conducted. Linear mixed models (coefficients with 95% CI) will be analyzed (with the randomization arm as an independent variable as well as its interaction with time).
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05229770. Registered on 08 February 2022
Hydrogeological assessment and aquifer potential of a coastal area, South Nigeria: insights from VES surveys and spatial analysis
Authors: Umoh James Anthony , Agbasi Okechukwu Ebuka , George Nyakno Jimmy , Mbong Emem , Aka Mfoniso Udofia 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of aquifer properties using vertical electrical sounding (VES) surveys conducted in Eket, Nigeria, to address the challenges of groundwater management in coastal areas. The VES method was employed for hydrogeo-electrical analysis and to investigate the hydrogeological dynamics of the region. The results reveal varying subsurface layers with distinct resistivity values. Spatial distribution analysis indicates densely settled areas exhibit lower resistivities, while sparsely settled regions show higher resistivities. The spatial location labeled EK2 features the largest aquifer, measuring 246.70 m, predominantly located in the central research area. Aquifer depths range from 87.10 to 250.20 m, with variations in thickness highlighting geographical heterogeneity and its impact on groundwater transport. These spatial differences in groundwater characteristics are crucial for understanding groundwater movement, storage, and extraction potential. The study underscores significant variability in porosity, reflecting differences in the aquifers’ water storage capacity and susceptibility to contamination. These findings have important implications for groundwater flow rates and extraction feasibility. The research provides essential data for hydrogeological investigations and groundwater resource management, emphasizing the intricate relationship among geological formations, aquifer properties, human activities, and the potential risks of contamination in variable porosity zones.
Revolutionizing Antibacterial Strategies: Lipid Nanoparticles as Game-Changers in Combatting Multi-Drug-Resistant Infections
Authors: P Rihana Begum , Prajapati Bhupendra G. , Rajeshkumar R. , Balasubramaniam V. , Ponnusankar Sivasankaran 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
To overcome the limits of traditional antibiotic medications, novel approaches
are needed to combat the growing global epidemic of Multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections.
As drug-resistant bacteria develop, the importance of innovative antimicrobial
methods is underscored by antibiotic abuse and misuse. The global threat of MDR microorganisms
is increasing, which calls for a coordinated global response. Lipid Nanoparticles
(LNPs) possess several characteristics that make them attractive choices for managing
multidrug resistant (MDR) infections, as well as potential delivery systems for
antimicrobial agents. Thus, LNPs improve drug solubility, stability, and targeted delivery,
thereby mitigating the drawbacks of conventional antibiotic therapy. Several characteristics
of LNPs, which stop MDR bacteria from developing resistance mechanisms,
serve as guidelines for precision medicine. It presents a powerful approach for combating
the growing concern of MDR bacteria by increasing Anti-Microbial Peptides (AMPs)
bioavailability and targeting distribution to bacterial cells. LNPs have the potential to
redefine antibacterial treatments for MDR illnesses in the context of this study. Further,
it discusses LNP use in larger applications, such as fighting Anti-Microbial Resistance
(AMR) and MDR. A complete understanding of the unique features, many uses, and importance
of collaborative efforts to overcome the global challenge of antibiotic resistance
are also conveyed in the study.