bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human herpesvirus 6 reactivation on the 30th day after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can predict grade 2–4 acute graft‐versus‐host disease
Authors: Gotoh M. , Yoshizawa S. , Katagiri S. , Suguro T. , Asano M. , Kitahara T. , Akahane D. , Okabe S. , Tauchi T. , Ito Y. , Ohyashiki K. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundViral infections and their occult reactivation occasionally cause not only organ damage, but also exacerbation of acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD), which may increase transplantation‐related mortality synergistically. To determine correlations between viral reactivation and transplantation‐related complications, we performed various viral screening tests on the 30th day after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and assessed the clinical implications.Patients and methodsBetween August 2007 and January 2013, 49 patients (37 men, 12 women) underwent HSCT in our hospital. The stem cell sources were bone marrow (n = 21), peripheral blood (n = 13), and cord blood (n = 15). The presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), herpesvirus (HHV) 6, and HHV7 in plasma samples prospectively collected from HSCT recipients on day 30 after HSCT was assayed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the correlations with transplantation‐related complications were evaluated.ResultsThe positivities of CMV, EBV, HHV6, and HHV7 were 44.9%, 22.4%, 53.1%, and 18.3%, respectively. We analyzed transplantation‐related complications, and a significant correlation was found only between HHV6 and grade 2–4 aGVHD from day 30 to day 100 (P < 0.001). Using a receiver operating characteristic curve, the area under the curve was calculated as 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74–0.98) between the viral load (VL) of HHV6 and grade 2–4 aGVHD. The sensitivity and specificity were 79% and 93%, respectively, when a cutoff value of 87 copies/mL was used. In multivariate analysis using the Fine and Gray proportional hazards model, the clinically determined high‐risk patients (P = 0.004; hazard ratio [HR], 3.69; 95% CI, 1.52–9.00) and the positivity of HHV6 (P < 0.001; HR, 9.957; 95% CI, 2.68–37.06) were extracted as independent risk factors for the cumulative incidence of grade 2–4 aGVHD on or after post‐HSCT day 30. The only risk factor extracted for the elevation of HHV6 VL >87 copies/mL was cord blood transplantation (P = 0.0032; odds ratio, 7.10; 95% CI, 1.98–30.00).ConclusionAll of the risk factors previously reported to predict severe aGVHD were obtained only during, but not after, HSCT. Our study suggests that the reactivation of HHV6 (≥87 copies/mL) at 30 days after HSCT is a possible predictive marker for grade 2–4 aGVHD on or after post‐HSCT day 30.
Jehovah's Witnesses and cardiac surgery: a single institution's experience
Authors: McCartney Sharon , Guinn Nicole , Roberson Russell , Broomer Bob , White William , Hill Steven 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundBased on biblical doctrines, patients of the Jehovah's Witness faith refuse allogeneic blood transfusion. Cardiac surgery carries a high risk of blood transfusion, but has been performed in Jehovah's Witnesses for many years. The literature contains information on the outcomes of this cohort, but does not detail the perioperative care of these patients. This article describes a single institution's experience in perioperative care of Jehovah's Witnesses undergoing cardiac surgery.Study Design and MethodsA chart review of adult Jehovah's Witness patients undergoing cardiac surgery at Duke University between January 2005 and June 2012 was completed. Institutional protocols regarding preoperative erythropoietin (EPO) therapy and intraoperative isovolemic hemodilution are detailed. Patient demographics and use of various blood conservation techniques are described. Hemoglobin (Hb) at various points throughout the perioperative management, hospital length of stay, and mortality are reviewed as indicators of outcome.ResultsForty‐five Jehovah's Witness patients underwent cardiac surgery at Duke University Medical Center. Preoperative EPO increased the mean Hb by 1.2 g/dL before surgery. Intraoperative normovolemic hemodilution was used in 37 patients with intraoperative mean nadir Hb of 10.3 g/dL. Antifibrinolytics and desmopressin were commonly used as coagulation adjuncts. Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 137 minutes, with mean nadir temperature of 30.5°C. The mean length of hospital stay was 6.2 days, with mean intensive care unit stay of 1.7 days. This cohort had zero 90‐day mortality in the perioperative period.ConclusionsThis case series demonstrates that bloodless cardiac surgery can be performed in select patients refusing allogeneic blood transfusion.
Genetic diversity of the declining arable plant Centaurea cyanus: population fragmentation within an agricultural landscape is not associated with enhanced spatial genetic structure
Authors: Le Corre V , Bellanger S , Guillemin J‐P , Darmency H 
Published: May 2014

SummaryAgricultural intensification has recently resulted in the decrease in frequency and abundance of arable weed species. This includes the previously widespread Centaurea cyanus, whose populations are now fragmented and infrequent in western Europe. The consequences of habitat modification and fragmentation in terms of genetic diversity of the remaining populations have not yet been addressed. We used ten microsatellite markers to assess the genetic diversity and genetic structure of populations contained in an agricultural landscape in north‐eastern France. The ten microsatellites were all highly polymorphic. Centaurea cyanus appears to be a genetically variable species, with high levels of genetic diversity within each cultivated field. Genetic structure was investigated using a Bayesian method. The partitioning of the genetic variation into three clusters was not associated with sampling locations, and most individuals were admixed. These results suggest that the cornflower populations investigated may have multiple origins in the past and that genetic variation has been reshuffled by human transportation of seeds. Thus, anthropogenic dispersal associated with farming activities is probably a major factor driving the structure of genetic diversity in arable land plants. Despite low levels of genetic differentiation between populations, fine‐scale spatial genetic structure was observed within populations, suggesting limited local dispersal. We conclude that in areas where C. cyanus has become rare, the recent fragmentation of populations may in the future cause a loss of genetic diversity and even extinction.
Quality of healing: Defining, quantifying, and enhancing skeletal muscle healing
Authors: Shin Emily H. , Caterson Edward J. , Jackson Wesley M. , Nesti Leon J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSkeletal muscle injury is common in everyday physical activity and athletics, as well as in orthopedic trauma and disease. The overall functional disability resulting from muscle injury is directly related to the intrinsic healing properties of muscle and extrinsic treatment options designed to maximize repair and/or regeneration of muscle tissue all while minimizing pathologic healing pathways. It is important to understand the injury and repair pathways in order to improve the speed and quality of recovery. Recent military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have highlighted the importance of successfully addressing muscular injury and showed the need for novel treatment options that will maximize functional regeneration of the damaged tissue. These severe, wartime injuries, when juxtaposed to peacetime, sports‐related injuries, provide us with interesting case examples of the two extreme forms of muscular damage. Comparing and contrasting the differences in these healing pathways will likely provide helpful cues that will help physicians recapitulate the near complete repair and regeneration in less traumatic injuries in addition to more severe cases.
Healing of grafted adipose tissue: Current clinical applications of adipose‐derived stem cells for breast and face reconstruction
Authors: Philips Brian J. , Marra Kacey G. , Rubin J. Peter 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSince their isolation and characterization nearly a decade ago, adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) have become one of the most popular adult stem cell populations for soft tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Compared with other stem cell sources, ASCs offer several advantages including abundant autologous source, minor invasive harvesting (liposuction), significant proliferative capacity in culture, and multilineage potential. In this mini review, we focus on some of the more salient published clinical and preclinical data to date regarding ASC treatment for breast and facial soft tissue reconstruction.
The quality of healing: Articular cartilage
Authors: Gomoll Andreas H. , Minas Tom 
Published: May 2014

AbstractArticular cartilage lacks an intrinsic capacity for self‐repair, and once damaged, it never heals. This creates an opportunity for surgical intervention, whether to stimulate a healing response that results in the formation of a lower‐quality fibrocartilaginous scar or formal cartilage repair in the form of cartilage transplants. This article will review the nature of cartilage injury and discuss indications and techniques for repair.
Complete Genome Sequences of Lactobacillus johnsonii Strain N6.2 and Lactobacillus reuteri Strain TD1
Authors: Leonard Michael T. , Valladares Ricardo B. , Ardissone Alexandria , Gonzalez Claudio F. , Lorca Graciela L. , Triplett Eric W. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequences of
Lactobacillus johnsonii
strain N6.2, a homofermentative lactic acid intestinal bacterium, and
Lactobacillus reuteri
strain TD1, a heterofermentative lactic acid intestinal bacterium, both isolated from a type 1 diabetes-resistant rat model.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus sucicola JCM 15457
T
, a Motile Lactic Acid Bacterium Isolated from Oak Sap
Authors: Irisawa Tomohiro , Oshima Kenshiro , Suda Wataru , Kitahara Maki , Sakamoto Mitsuo , Kitamura Keiko , Iida Toshiya , Hattori Masahiro , Ohkuma Moriya 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a motile lactic acid bacterium,
Lactobacillus sucicola
JCM 15457
T
, isolated from oak sap. Motility-related genes and their organization in the annotated genome were broadly similar to those in the sequenced genomes of related lactobacilli.
Less experience and running pace are potential risk factors for medical complications during a 56 km road running race: a prospective study in 26 354 race starters—SAFER study II
Authors: Schwabe Karen , Schwellnus Martin P , Derman Wayne , Swanevelder Sonja , Jordaan Esme 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundIt is important to identify risk factors associated with medical complications during ultra-marathons so that prevention programmes can be developed.ObjectiveTo determine risk factors for medical complications during ultra-marathons.DesignProspective study.SettingTwo Oceans ultra-marathon (56 km) races.Participants26 354 race starters.MethodsMedical complications (defined as any runner requiring assessment by a doctor at the race medical facility or a local hospital on race day) were recorded over 4 years. Complications were subdivided according to the system that was affected and by final diagnosis. A Poisson regression model was used to determine risk factors for any medical complication and for more common specific complications.ResultsRisk factors for medical complications during 56 km road races were less running experience (≤1 medal vs 2–4 medals, p=0.0097), and both fastest (<6 vs 6–7 min/km, p=0.0051) and slowest (>7 vs 6–7 min/km, p<0.0001) running pace category. Year of observation was also associated with risk of complications (2009 vs 2008, p=0.0176; 2009 vs 2010, p=0.0007; 2010 vs 2011, p=0.0112). Risk factors for specific common medical complications were: postural hypotension (slowest pace), serious exercise-associated muscle cramping (older age, fastest pace), gastrointestinal complications (slowest pace) and dermatological complications (fastest pace).ConclusionsLess experience and running at either a slow or a fast pace were risk factors for complications during 56 km road running. Annual variation may also affect risk. Risk factors for specific medical complications were also identified. These data form the basis of further studies to assist medical staff to plan appropriate care at races.
The clinical relevance and newsworthiness of NIHR HTA-funded research: a cohort study
Authors: Wright D , Young A , Iserman E , Maeso R , Turner S , Haynes R B , Milne R 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the clinical relevance and newsworthiness of the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Health Technology Assessment(HTA) Programme funded reports.Study designRetrospective cohort study.SettingThe cohort included 311 NIHR HTA Programme funded reports publishing inHTAin the period 1 January 2007–31 December 2012. The McMaster Online Rating of Evidence (MORE) system independently identified the clinical relevance and newsworthiness of NIHR HTA publications and non-NIHR HTA publications. The MORE system involves over 4000 physicians rating publications on a scale of relevance (the extent to which articles are relevant to practice) and a scale of newsworthiness (the extent to which articles contain news or something clinicians are unlikely to know).Main outcome measuresThe proportion of reports published inHTAmeeting MORE inclusion criteria and mean average relevance and newsworthiness ratings were calculated and compared with publications from the same studies publishing outsideHTAand non-NIHR HTA funded publications.Results286/311 (92.0%) of NIHR HTA reports were assessed by MORE, of which 192 (67.1%) passed MORE criteria. The average clinical relevance rating for NIHR HTA reports was 5.48, statistically higher than the 5.32 rating for non-NIHR HTA publications (mean difference=0.16, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.29, p=0.01). Average newsworthiness ratings were similar between NIHR HTA reports and non-NIHR HTA publications (4.75 and 4.70, respectively; mean difference=0.05, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.07, p=0.402). NIHR HTA-funded original research reports were statistically higher for newsworthiness than reviews (5.05 compared with 4.64) (mean difference=0.41, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.64, p=0.001).ConclusionsFunding research of clinical relevance is important in maximising the value of research investment. The NIHR HTA Programme is successful in funding projects that generate outputs of clinical relevance.
Testing the feasibility and acceptability of using the Nintendo Wii in the home to increase activity levels, vitality and well-being in people with multiple sclerosis (Mii-vitaliSe): protocol for a pilot randomised controlled study
Authors: Thomas Sarah , Fazakarley Louise , Thomas Peter W , Brenton Sarah , Collyer Sarah , Perring Steve , Scott Rebecca , Galvin Kathleen , Hillier Charles 
Published: May 2014

IntroductionThe benefits of physical activity for people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) have been recognised. However, exercise regimens can be difficult to maintain over the longer term and pwMS may face unique barriers to physical activity engagement. Pilot research suggests the Nintendo Wii can be used safely at home by pwMS with minimal mobility/balance issues and may confer benefits. We have developed a home-based physiotherapist supported Wii intervention (‘Mii-vitaliSe’) for pwMS that uses commercial software. This is a pilot study to explore the feasibility of conducting a full scale clinical and cost-effectiveness trial of Mii-vitaliSe.Methods and analysis30 ambulatory, relatively inactive pwMS will be randomised to receive Mii-vitaliSe immediately, or after 6 months. Outcomes, measured at baseline and 6 and 12 months later, will include balance, gait, mobility, hand dexterity and self-reported physical activity levels, fatigue, self-efficacy, mood and quality of life. Interviews conducted on a purposive sample of participants will explore experiences of participation in the study and barriers and facilitators to using the Wii. Mean recruitment, adherence rate and standard deviations (SDs) of potential primary outcomes for the full trial will be estimated and precision summarised using 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Interview transcripts will be thematically analysed using a generic qualitative approach.Ethics and disseminationNational Health Service (NHS; ref 12/SC/0420) and university ethical approvals have been obtained as has NHS Research and Development permission from the relevant trust. A home risk assessment will be undertaken for all potential participants. All adverse events will be closely monitored, documented and reported to the study Safety Monitoring Committee. At least one publication in a peer reviewed journal will be produced and research findings presented at a national and international conference. With service users, we will coproduce a summary of the findings for dissemination on our research unit's website and elsewhere.Trial registration numberISRCTN 49286846.
Interventions employed to improve intrahospital handover: a systematic review
Authors: Robertson Eleanor R , Morgan Lauren , Bird Sarah , Catchpole Ken , McCulloch Peter 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundModern medical care requires numerous patient handovers/handoffs. Handover error is recognised as a potential hazard in patient care, and the information error rate has been estimated at 13%. While accurate, reliable handover is essential to high quality care, uncertainty exists as to how intrahospital handover can be improved. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving the quality and/or safety of the intrahospital handover process.MethodsWe searched for articles on handover improvement interventions in EMBASE, MEDLINE, HMIC and CINAHL between January 2002 and July 2012. We considered studies of: staff knowledge and skills, staff behavioural change, process change or patient outcomes.Results631 potentially relevant papers were identified from which 29 papers were selected for inclusion (two randomised controlled trials and 27 uncontrolled studies). Most studies addressed shift-change handover and used a median of three outcome measures, but there was no outcome measure common to all. Poor study design and inconsistent reporting methods made it difficult to reach definite conclusions. Information transfer was improved in most relevant studies, while clinical outcome improvement was reported in only two of 10 studies. No difference was noted in the likelihood of success across four types of intervention.ConclusionsThe current literature does not confirm that any methodology reliably improves the outcomes of clinical handover, although information transfer may be increased. Better study designs and consistency of the terminology used to describe handover and its improvement are urgently required.
Quality Dimensions in Process Discovery: The Importance of Fitness, Precision, Generalization and Simplicity
Authors: Buijs J. C. A. M. , van Dongen B. F. , van der Aalst W. M. P. 
Published: May 2014

Process discovery algorithms typically aim at discovering process models from event logs that best describe the recorded behavior. Often, the quality of a process discovery algorithm is measured by quantifying to what extent the resulting model can reproduce the behavior in the log, i.e. replay fitness. At the same time, there are other measures that compare a model with recorded behavior in terms of the precision of the model and the extent to which the model generalizes the behavior in the log. Furthermore, many measures exist to express the complexity of a model irrespective of the log.In this paper, we first discuss several quality dimensions related to process discovery. We further show that existing process discovery algorithms typically consider at most two out of the four main quality dimensions: replay fitness, precision, generalization and simplicity. Moreover, existing approaches cannot steer the discovery process based on user-defined weights for the four quality dimensions.This paper presents the ETM algorithm which allows the user to seamlessly steer the discovery process based on preferences with respect to the four quality dimensions. We show that all dimensions are important for process discovery. However, it only makes sense to consider precision, generalization and simplicity if the replay fitness is acceptable.
Analogue modelling of volcano flank terrace formation on Mars
Authors: Byrne Paul K. , Holohan Eoghan P. , Kervyn Matthieu , van Wyk de Vries Benjamin , Troll Valentin R. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Of the features that characterize large shield volcanoes on Mars, flank terraces remain the most enigmatic. Several competing mechanisms have been proposed for these laterally expansive, topographically subtle landforms. Here we test the hypothesis that horizontal contraction of a volcano in response to the down-flexing of its underlying basement leads to flank terracing. We performed a series of analogue models consisting of a conical sand–plaster load emplaced on a basement comprising a layer of brittle sand–plaster atop a reservoir of viscoelastic silicone. Our experiments consistently produced a suite of structures that included a zone of concentric extension distal to the conical load, a flexural trough adjacent to the load base and convexities (terraces) on the cone's flanks. The effects of variations in the thickness of the brittle basal layer, as well as in the volume, slope and planform eccentricity of the cone, were also investigated. For a given cone geometry, we find that terrace formation is enhanced as the brittle basement thickness decreases, but that a sufficiently thick brittle layer can enhance the basement's resistance to loading such that terracing of the cone is reduced or even inhibited altogether. For a given brittle basement thickness, terracing is reduced with decreasing cone slope and/or volume. Our experimental results compare well morphologically to observations of terraced edifices on Mars, and so provide a framework with which to understand the developmental history of large shield volcanoes on the Red Planet.
YAP-Induced Resistance of Cancer Cells to Antitubulin Drugs Is Modulated by a Hippo-Independent Pathway
Authors: Zhao Yulei , Khanal Prem , Savage Paul , She Yi-Min , Cyr Terry D. , Yang Xiaolong 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Although antitubulin drugs are used widely to treat human cancer, many patients display intrinsic or acquired drug resistance that imposes major obstacles to successful therapy. Mounting evidence argues that cancer cell apoptosis triggered by antitubulin drugs relies upon activation of the cell-cycle kinase Cdk1; however, mechanistic connections of this event to apoptosis remain obscure. In this study, we identified the antiapoptotic protein YAP, a core component of the Hippo signaling pathway implicated in tumorigenesis, as a critical linker coupling Cdk1 activation to apoptosis in the antitubulin drug response. Antitubulin drugs activated Cdk1, which directly phosphorylated YAP on five sites independent of the Hippo pathway. Mutations in these phosphorylation sites on YAP relieved its ability to block antitubulin drug-induced apoptosis, further suggesting that YAP was inactivated by Cdk1 phosphorylation. Notably, we found that YAP was not phosphorylated and inactivated after antitubulin drug treatment in taxol-resistant cancer cells. Our findings suggest YAP and its phosphorylation status as candidate prognostic markers in predicting antitubulin drug response in patients. Cancer Res; 74(16); 4493–503. ©2014 AACR.