bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of indoor daylighting performance changes in a historical khan building in Istanbul
Authors: Agirbas Asli , Dal Ayse Ozlem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The daylighting feature of historical buildings can be accepted as an intangible heritage since it contributes to the unique atmosphere of the buildings. However, with the change of the built environment and the change of the historical building itself, the level of daylight intake of historical buildings changes. This study contributes to the field by revealing the daylighting performance changes of a historical khan building which has a unique architectural characteristics. The changes in the daylighting levels of Buyuk Yeni Khan, one of the largest historical khans in Istanbul, are examined through its modifications. Using 3D Lidar scanning technology, the current state of the khan is scanned. The daylight intake and glare analyzes of the khan for its current and original states are made through simulations, and the values found are compared. DA, cDA, UDI, sDA and DGP metrics are used in the simulations. As a result, due to the changes such as enlargements along the arcades, additional overhangs and the change of window ratios of the facades of the rooms on the ground floor, the rooms of the khan have different daylighting values compared to its original state.
Changes in cytokine concentrations during passage through a granulocyte and monocyte adsorption column in a porcine lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation model
Authors: Nakamura Tomoyuki , Moriyama Kazuhiro , Sakai Toshikazu , Kato Yu , Nishida Osamu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Sepsis 3 definitions have shifted the focus from nonspecific inflammation to sepsis as an organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Neutrophils have become therapeutic targets because of their intimate but complex involvement in sepsis. We conducted ex vivo and animal experiments to apply a granulocyte and monocyte adsorption column, which is clinically used for inflammatory bowel disease, in sepsis. In this study, the biocompatibility was evaluated in sepsis-like hypercytokinemia.

Methods
Six female outbred pigs were anesthetized. Extracorporeal direct hemoperfusion (DHP) with an Adacolumn or a sham column was initiated after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. The DHP was performed for 2 h at a blood flow rate (QB) of 30 or 60 mL/min. Blood samples were collected before and during the DHP (30, 60, 90, and 120 min). The percentage change in white blood cell count, platelet count, and cytokine concentration was compared between the Adacolumn and sham columns.

Results
The percentage change in white blood cells were 96 (95–98)% and 106 (101–108)% in the Adacolumn and sham groups, respectively, at QB = 60 mL/min (p < 0.01). The percentage change in platelets were 95 (90–96)% and 97 (93–99)% in the in the Adacolumn and sham groups, respectively, at QB = 60 mL/min (not significant; n.s.). At QB = 60 mL/min, the percentage change in tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were 92 (81–106)%, 95 (93–102)%, and 98 (95–100)%, respectively, for the Adacolumn and 100 (95–102)%, 98 (87–104)%, and 97 (93–99)%, respectively, for the sham column. The percentage change in white blood cell counts, platelet counts, and all cytokines at QB = 30 and 60 mL/min showed similar trends.

Conclusion
The biocompatibility of the Adacolumn was evaluated using a porcine LPS-induced inflammation model. No decrease in platelet counts or significant cytokine production was observed, suggesting that the Adacolumn could be safely used in patients with sepsis with QB = 30–60 mL/min for 2 h. However, production of mediators other than cytokines remains unknown and requires further investigation.
Identification and characterization of phytochemicals in methanolic extract of roots of Datura fastuosa using various techniques
Authors: Melese Girma Mengesha , Aychiluhim Tewodros Brihanu , Yessuf Abdurrahman Mengesha , Eshete Matthewos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Plant extracts have attracted significant interest among researchers due to their potential bioactivity and crucial contribution to the production of pharmaceutical compounds. In this study, the primary objective was to extract, analyze and characterize the bioactive compounds found in the methanol root extract of Datura fastuosa (D. fastuosa). This was achieved using various analytical techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS), ultra-violet visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic radiation spectrometry (NMR) and DPPH free radical scavenging activity assay.

Results
GC–MS analysis of the methanol root crude extract identified 49 compounds. Three compounds were isolated via column chromatography; one was pure, with a sharp melting point and clean IR spectrum, while the other two showed broad melting points and IR interferences. Comprehensive investigation of the pure extract revealed a UV profile with two distinct bands (300–800 nm) and confirmed functional groups (alcohol, alkanes, alkenes, carbonyl, methylene, and methyl) through FT-IR analysis. The 1HNMR (proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) signal confirmed the presence of forty-nine non-equivalent protons, 13CNMR (Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) signal confirmed the presence of 32 non-equivalent carbons and DEPT-135 (distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer-135) signal confirmed the presence of 24 carbons (17 for odd and 7 for even) which are protons containing carbons in the compound. Combining the above mentioned analyses with data obtained from the GC/MS analysis of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library, the isolated pure compound exhibited a structural similarity to 1-(7-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,4a,5,6,9,10a,10b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,6a,7,8,9,10,10a,10b,11,12,12a-hexadecahydrochrysen-2-yl)propan-1-one, with a chemical formula of C35H50O2.

Conclusions
The presence of various notable compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids etc., within the methanol root extract of D. fastuosa signifies its pharmacological potential. The methanol crude extract demonstrated antioxidant potential compared to standard ascorbic acid, exhibiting DPPH scavenging activity. Previous research has demonstrated the bioactivity of some of these compounds, further elucidating the plant’s medicinal properties. These findings not only suggest opportunities for developing synthetic drugs but also underscore its direct therapeutic potential in addressing diverse ailments.
The use of e-mental health tools in the perinatal context
Authors: Fonseca Ana , Mancinelli Elisa , Branquinho Mariana 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARY
E-mental health tools are a promising solution to reducing the high prevalence of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders and addressing barriers faced by women seeking professional help. This article summarises the main e-health tools used in perinatal mental healthcare, including examples of evidence-based tools for assessment, prevention and treatment of such disorders. We also highlight the main characteristics of the development process of e-mental health tools, which are based on cognitive–behavioural therapy, as well as the ethical concerns to be considered with their use and integration in healthcare systems.
A step-by-step guide for remote working in the NHS: evaluation of a virtual consultant psychiatrist hiring scheme
Authors: Havard Megan , Ndebele Nyembezi Faith , Dhakras Suyog , Johns Gemma , McCafferty Ian , Ahuja Alka 
Published: August 2024

Aims and method
In 2021, Solent NHS Trust advertised for a fully remote consultant psychiatrist to meet increasing clinical demand. This pilot scheme was evaluated to determine its success. The job applications underwent content analysis, recruitment and support staff were interviewed, and in-depth rolling interviews were conducted with the three now-employed virtual psychiatrists.

Results
We have gained an objective understanding of this new and innovative way of working and, overall, shown that fully remote working in the National Health Service (NHS) is feasible.

Implications
The findings were used to create a step-by-step guide for the remote hiring process, which outlines the necessary steps for conducting it in a safe, swift and successful way. This guide could help other NHS organisations to advertise, recruit and manage fully remote employees.
Atypical psychosis in a patient with intracranial hypertension: clinical case and review
Authors: Lázaro Alonso B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSeveral neurologic conditions can produce or mimic psychotic symptoms. It is important to make an exhaustive differential diagnosis between a psychiatric manifestation of an underlying neurological condition and a primary psychiatric one. We explore through the present clinical case of a young woman admitted to neurology the relationship between intracranial hypertension and a case of atypical psychosis that resolved itself with the treatment of the intracranial hypertension, without the need for antipsychotic medication.ObjectivesTo explore through the presented clinical case and the concerning literature the concept and management of psychotic-like symptoms in patients with intracranial hypertension.MethodsWe present a clinical case and a review of the existing literature concerning atypical psychosis or psychosis-like symptoms in cases of intracranial hypertension.ResultsWe report the case of a 24 year old woman with no relevant medical history hospitalised in the neurology unit due to suspected encephalitis. Native to New Zealand, she is brought from the airport due to behavioural alterations. During the last few days before admission she had presented with incoherent speech, derailment, religious and persecutory delusions, and erotomania towards her cousin. She described feelings of strangeness with her surroundings and of time moving at a different speed than usual, either faster or slower. She also had a headache and visual alterations, as well as memory errors concerning recent events, clouding of consciousness and inattention.No fever or other relevant physical symptoms. A lumbar puncture is done, which shows an opening pressure of 37mmHg but no other anomalies. Body CT scan shows no relevant findings. Empirical treatment with dexamethasone is initiated for suspected encephalitis, progressively reducing the dosage until suspension in the following days. During her stay at the hospital she is assessed by ophthalmology, which finds no abnormalities in the eye fundus examination, and psychiatry. A second evacuating lumbar punture is done to reduce intracraneal hypertension. No antipsychotic treatment is initiated: the symptomatology remitted with the lowering of intracranial pressure. At time of discharge, the patient remained asymptomatic without treatment and was able to return home to continue outpatient neurologic study of the etiology of the intracranial hypertension.Finally, we conduct a review ot the existing literature concerning psychotic and psychosis-like symptoms in patients with intracranial hypertension, to explore the diagnostic and management options of this rare finding.ConclusionsOur findings point to the existing relationship between intracranial hypertension and psychosis-like symptoms. Further studies on pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic management are required.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Management of Acute Organic Change of Character cases by Liaison Psychiatry Unit
Authors: Cesari E. , Álvarez H. , Andreu H. , Bueno L. , De Juan O. , Mena J. I. , Ochandiano I. , Olivier L. , Salmerón S. , Pintor L. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe Acute Organic Change of Character (AOCC) is an organic mental disorder subtype in which perception, thought, mood and personality impairment predominate. It consists in a change in the individual’s general behaviour or attitude, which is shown to be closely associated with or caused by an underlying organic process, and which is rapidly resolved when the organic noxious agent is eliminated (Pintor et al. Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Disorders 4 (2020): 354-358).ObjectivesTo describe the importance of taking AOCC diagnosis into consideration and the role of liaison psychiatrists in AOCC management by presenting two AOCC cases admitted to the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed two AOCC cases in patients followed by our hospital’s liaison psychiatry unit during the summer of 2023. We also searched for previous case reports of AOCC using a PubMed query.ResultsCase 1: A 50-year-old male who suffered a polytrauma with diffuse axonal injury (DAI). His relatives and the referring medical team observed a change in his behaviour consisting in irritability, suspicion, hostility and impatience. No cognitive impairment nor fluctuation in the described symptoms were observed. At the time of discharge character changes were still present due to DAI slow and unpredictable clinical course. Symptomatic treatment with risperidone 6mg/day and quetiapine 100mg/day was administered achieving a satisfactory clinical response.Case 2: A 47-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who suffered an infectious cellulitis that spread causing sepsis. The patient began to appear disruptive with verbose and tangential speech during her admission. No cognitive impairment nor fluctuation in the described symptoms were observed. Symptomatic treatment with risperidone 10mg/day and olanzapine 5mg/day was administered achieving a satisfactory clinical response. At the time of discharge character changes described before were almost resolved.ConclusionsThe clinical presentation of both cases suggested organic mental disorders in which a change in general behaviour predominates. Liaison psychiatrists play a key role in AOCC management by recognizing the clinical pattern, helping if needed with psychopharmacological treatment and ensuring a good understanding of the disorder both by the referring medical team and the patient’s relatives. To our knowledge, it would be of great importance to achieve a better understanding of this clinical condition which to date we consider to be underdiagnosed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The COVID-19 pandemic as a traumatic experience in the general population
Authors: Mastelić T. , Višić V. , Borovina Marasović T. , Rančić N. , Vukorepa D. , Milanović M. , Kralj Ž. , Burilović E. , Pernat M. , Glavičić K. , Baković M. , Sabljar A. , Kozina S. , Lasić D. , Mavar M. , Glavina T. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected everyday life in most countries of the world. Researches conducted in 2020 showed that COVID-19 was a traumatic experience for 18-60% of respondents in the general population, depending on the country where the research is conducted. Researches for later periods are rare, although we can expect significant changes. We found only one study from 2023 on this topic, although not on the general population.ObjectivesThat is why we were interested in what the situation is like after 3 years of the pandemic, when we have been living without non-pharmacological anti-pandemic measures for almost a year.MethodsThe research was conducted at the beginning of 2023. 48 respondents who were not treated psychiatrically or are medical workers were surveyed, because it was shown that these groups were exposed to a greater risk of impaired mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. To assess the level of traumatic experience, i.e. the risk of developing PTSD as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, we used the Impact of Event Scale With Modifications for COVID-19 (IES-COVID19). A score on that scale of 27 to 34 indicates a clinically significant level of trauma, i.e. there is a 75% chance of developing PTSD. A result of 35 and above suggests that it is necessary to seek professional help.ResultsOur research included 19 (39.6%) men and 29 (60.4%) women. The average age of the respondents is 60.4 years. 29 (60.4%) respondents know that they have recovered from COVID-19. 2 (4.2%) subjects were treated in the hospital due to COVID-19. 8 (16.7%) respondents have a traumatic experience of the COVID-19 pandemic. 5 (10.4%) respondents are in the category of clinically significant level of trauma, while 3 (6.3%) respondents are in the category that should seek professional help. The group traumatized by COVID-19 does not have significantly more respondents who recovered from COVID-19 (p=0.510) nor does it differ in terms of gender representation (p=0.984).ConclusionsAt the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were discussions about whether it can even be classified as a traumatic experience and whether we can talk about PTSD as a consequence of the pandemic. With this time lag, it seems that in part of the population we are finding PTSD symptoms that are a consequence of the pandemic, but to a lesser extent than research at the beginning of the pandemic suggested. Certainly, additional research is needed on this topic. Also, it is necessary to examine risk factors for possible prevention, as well as therapeutic possibilities.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Relationship between changing cognitive domains and atypical antipsychotic treatment in bipolar disorders: a three-year observational study in a psychiatric rehabilitation center during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Franza F. , Solomita B. , Franza A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBipolar Disorders have been consistently associated with cognitive dysfunction across a broad range of cognitive domains (patients, who usually took psychiatric drugs, sometimes presented changes of cognitive disorders). Many studies have focused on improving the illness severity of patients with MDD or BD by combining mood-stabilizing drugs with atypical antipsychotics (AA). However, the results are contradictory and have not confirmed the certain superiority of AA to other therapeutic strategies. Among these, the cognitive remedy has demonstrated important effectiveness on cognitive variations in this group of patients.ObjectivesIn our study, we tried to evaluate some changes in cognitive function in patients with BD treated with antipsychotics related to critical problems with typical cognitive tests.MethodsIn our observational study, we recruited forty-three inpatients (20 females, 23 males) affected by Bipolar Disorder (DSM-5 criteria; particularly 78.5% affected by BD-I), in a psychiatric rehabilitation center. All patients were included in the ordinary rehabilitation treatment. All patients were treated with mood stabilizers (lithium n. 14; valproate n. 29), and at least one AA. The AAs have been the following: quetiapine, aripiprazole, and olanzapine (authorized in Italy)(Table 1). The observation period lasted three years, during three significant waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.All patients at baseline (T0) (March-April 2020), T1 (Maj-June 2021), T2 (April-Maj 2022), and T3 (April – June 2023) were administered the following rating scales: BPRS, YMRS, GAF, and HAM-DThe data were statistically analyzed with the EZAnalyze 3.0 software for the Excel platform.ResultsIn Table 2 and Graphic the results obtained with the rating scales and statistical analysis are shown. In BRPS the data shows a statistically significant reduction in the total score in all periods analyzed. Similar results were found in the GAF and YRMS scales. However, with the HAM-D Scale, there was evidence of an increase in T2, although the differences were not statistically demonstrated. The differences in mean scores are more evident for quetiapine and olanzapine.Image:Image 2:Image 3:ConclusionsOur observational study showed that the atypical antipsychotics used in our work allowed a significant improvement of the symptoms in BD. However, the pandemic waves have no correlation with the treatment performed. New studies are necessary to highlight the relationship of the pharmacological treatment of BD with the progress of the COVID-19 pandemic.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of Covid-19 on the Mental Health of the Portuguese Population
Authors: Santos I. , Saraiva B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCovid-19 does not only have repercussions on the physical level, representing a new way of life, both individually and in society. The pandemic results in invisible consequences for the population’s mental health.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the consequences of Covid-19 on mental health in Portugal with a view to understanding and promoting the well-being and happiness of the Portuguese.MethodsThe study included 105 young people and adults, aged between 18 and 59 years (M= 21.81, SD= 5.34), with 43.3% males and 52.7% females. A sociodemographic questionnaire was applied to all participants, as well as the Échelle de Mesure des Manifestations du Bien-Être Psychologique (ÈMMBEP; Massé et al., 1998 - Portuguese translation by Monteiro, Tavares & Pereira, 2012) which translates into a response scale 5-point Likert type, with five subscales, including happiness. In addition, a semistructured interview with data collection instruments was administered.ResultsThe results obtained demonstrate the negative impact of Covid-19 on the level of well-being, regardless of the participant’s gender or age.ConclusionsThe data presented point to the need to sensitize individuals to the risk of the pandemic in terms of mental health, thus increasing society’s awareness of the psychological effects of this new global disease. Therefore, coping mechanisms are essential to promote well-being and successfully overcome the pandemic.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of the 2020 lockdown on the psychological functioning of outpatient psychiatric patients
Authors: Grah M. , Restek-Petrović B. , Lukačić T. , Grošić V. , Milovac Ž. , Prga Bajić T. , Mayer N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe coronavirus pandemic has led to sudden changes in the lives of people around the world. The health threat, earthquakes and epidemiological measures caused certain psychological reactions in everyone. Psychiatric patients are particularly vulnerable to stress, so we were interested in how the changes at the beginning of the pandemic affected their psychological functioning.ObjectivesTo check changes in some areas of psychological functioning of outpatient psychiatric patients after the “lockdown” in 2020 and to examine their connection with some sociodemographic and treatment variables.MethodsPatients of the University Psychiatric Hospital Sveti Ivan filled out a survey questionnaire designed for the purpose of research, which consisted of sociodemographic data and items examining different areas of psychological functioning, when they arrived for an outpatient check-up.ResultsVariables were formed that examine: changes in unpleasant emotions, lack of support, lack of social interaction, changes in performing daily duties, changes in self-help behaviors and health concerns. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in all variables, with the largest occurring in lack of social interaction, health concerns, and unpleasant emotions. The predictors of changes in psychological functioning were female gender, younger age in combination with cohabitation with parents, and the number of hospitalizations.ConclusionsAfter the “lockdown” in 2020, psychiatric patients report a deterioration in psychological functioning.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared