bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early diagnostic value of survivin and its alternative splice variants in breast cancer
Authors: Khan Salma , Bennit Heather Ferguson , Turay David , Perez Mia , Mirshahidi Saied , Yuan Yuan , Wall Nathan R 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein Survivin and its splice variants are differentially expressed in breast cancer tissues. Our previous work showed Survivin is released from tumor cells via small membrane-bound vesicles called exosomes. We, therefore, hypothesize that analysis of serum exosomal Survivin and its splice variants may provide a novel biomarker for early diagnosis of breast cancer.

Methods
We collected sera from forty breast cancer patients and ten control patients who were disease free for 5 years after treatment. In addition, twenty-three paired breast cancer tumor tissues from those same 40 patients were analyzed for splice variants. Serum levels of Survivin were analyzed using ELISA and exosomes were isolated from this serum using the commercially available ExoQuick kit, with subsequent Western blots and immunohistochemistry performed.

Results
Survivin levels were significantly higher in all the breast cancer samples compared to controls (p < 0.05) with exosome amounts significantly higher in cancer patient sera compared to controls (p < 0.01). While Survivin and Survivin-∆Ex3 splice variant expression and localization was identical in serum exosomes, differential expression of Survivin-2B protein existed in the exosomes. Similarly, Survivin and Survivin-∆Ex3 proteins were the predominant forms detected in all of the breast cancer tissues evaluated in this study, whereas a more variable expression of Survivin-2B level was found at different cancer stages.

Conclusion
In this study we show for the first time that like Survivin, the Survivin splice variants are also exosomally packaged in the breast cancer patients’ sera, mimicking the survivin splice variant pattern that we also report in breast cancer tissues. Differential expression of exosomal-Survivin, particularly Survivin-2B, may serve as a diagnostic and/or prognostic marker, a “liquid biopsy” if you will, in early breast cancer patients. Furthermore, a more thorough understanding of the role of this prominent antiapoptotic pathway could lead to the development of potential therapeutics for breast cancer patients.
Existence of three symmetric positive solutions for a second-order multi-point boundary value problem on time scales
Authors: Sinanoglu Aycan , Karaca Ilkay Y , Tokmak Fatma , Senlik Tugba 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the existence of at least three symmetric positive solutions of a second-order multi-point boundary value problem on time scales. The ideas involve Bai and Ge’s fixed point theorem. As an application, we give an example to demonstrate our main result.MSC:34B10, 34B18, 39A10.
Is hepatic lipid metabolism of beef cattle influenced by breed and dietary silage level?
Authors: da Costa Ana Sofia Henriques , Bessa Rui José Branquinho , Pires Virgínia Maria Rico , Rolo Eva Alves , Pinto Rui Manuel Amaro , Andrade Fontes Carlos Mendes Godinho , Prates José António Mestre 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundIn ruminants, unsaturated dietary fatty acids are biohydrogenated in the rumen and are further metabolised in various tissues, including liver, which has an important role in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Therefore, manipulation of muscle fatty acid composition should take into account liver metabolism. In the present study, the influence of breed and diet on liver lipid composition and gene expression was investigated in order to clarify the role of this organ in the lipid metabolism of ruminants. Forty purebred young bulls from two phylogenetically distant autochthonous cattle breeds, Alentejana and Barrosã, were assigned to two different diets (lowvs. high silage) and slaughtered at 18 months of age. Liver fatty acid composition, mRNA levels of enzymes and transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism, as well as the plasma lipid profile, were assessed.ResultsIn spite of similar plasma non-esterified fatty acids levels, liver triacylglycerols content was higher in Barrosã than in Alentejana bulls. Moreover, the fatty acid composition of liver was clearly distinct from the remaining tissues involved in fatty acid metabolism of ruminants, as shown by Principal Components Analysis. The hepatic tissue is particularly rich in α-linolenic acid and their products of desaturation and elongation. Results indicate thatDGAT1,ELOVL2,FADS1andFADS2genes influence the fatty acid composition of the liver the most. Moreover, genes such asDGAT1andELOVL2appear to be more sensitive to genetic background than to dietary manipulation, whereas genes encoding for desaturases, such asFADS1, appear to be modulated by dietary silage level.ConclusionsOur results indicate that liver plays an important role in the biosynthesis of n-3 LC-PUFA. It is also suggested that dietary silage level influences the hepatic fatty acid metabolism in a breed-dependent manner, through changes in the expression of genes encoding for enzymes associated with the desaturation and elongation pathway. The importance of devising custom-made feeding strategies taking into account the genetic background is, therefore, stressed by the results from this experiment.
Severe thrombocytopenia in a patient with inosine triphosphatase (ITPA)–CC genotype caused by pegylated interferon (IFN)-α-2a with ribavirin therapy: a case report
Authors: Jiang Weimin , Hidaka Hisashi , Nakazawa Takahide , Kitagawa Hiroyuki , Koizumi Wasaburo 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
Pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin treatment is an effective therapy for chronic hepatitis C viral infection. However, pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin is associated with various adverse reactions. Severe thrombocytopenia is a life-threatening side effect of interferon therapy that can lead to bleeding. It is generally understood that the inosine triphosphatase-CC genotype does not have a significantly lower reduction by pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin in the mean platelet counts compared with the AA/CA genotype. We report a case of severe thrombocytopenia that developed in a patient with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin in spite of having the inosine triphosphatase-CC genotype.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old female had been diagnosed as having HCV infection in 2008. The inosine triphosphatase gene showed one single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1127354) C/C (major homozygous) and the IL28B gene showed single nucleotide polymorphism (rs8099917 T/T, rs11881222 T/T) (major homozygous). The patient was treated with pegylated interferon 180 μg once a week combined with ribavirin 600 mg per day from April 2011. The hepatitis c virus ribonucleic acid turned negative 9 weeks after treatment with pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin. During the therapy, the platelet count remained above 8.0 × 104/μl for about 9 months. In January 2012, the platelet count was 6.8 × 104/μl. In February 2012, the 44th week from the beginning of the treatment, a sudden decrease in the platelet count to 0.8 × 104/μl was observed. After prednisolone was administered, the platelet count increased. Finally the platelet count had risen above normal range.

Conclusion
We should pay careful attention in the differential diagnosis for patients with the inosine triphosphatase-CC genotype because, although rare, severe thrombocytopenia could occur.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium Dioxide: Modification with Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Li Xuandong , Kang Meirong , Han Xijiang , Wang Jingyu , Xu Ping 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In situ growth of TiO2 nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (RGO–TiO2) exhibits good performance of photocatalytic degradation under visible light. The photocatalytic efficiency of GO–TiO2 and RGO–TiO2 in degrading Methyl Orange could reach 99% and 96% within 2 h, respectively. The results showed that the optimum mass ratio of GO or RGO to TiO2 was 0.15.
The repositioning maneuver of artificial Earth satellite in a circular orbit with a supporting acceleration
Authors: Бурдаев Михаил , Burdaev Mikhail 
Published: March 2014

The paper reveals the maneuver entity of reposition artificial satellite on a
circular orbit with a supporting acceleration. A maneuver program implementation with
using of constant thrust motors is found and proved. An energy efficiency of maneuver
under various conditions of its implementation is determined
Legal and Ethical Responsibilities of Geoscientists in Environmental Geology
Authors: Reichelt Raymond 
Published: March 2014

Professional geoscientists, including those practicing environmental geoscience, have definite and definable legal and ethical responsibilities. These obligations apply to environmental geoscientists working as consultants, academics, regulators or environmental managers. Environmental geoscientists are obliged to be aware of and obey all federal, provincial and municipal laws and regulations applying to professional geoscientists. As well as the provincial engineering and geoscience acts, a variety of additional guidelines and professional standards apply to the professional geoscientist. These include criminal, labour, and business law as well as environmental acts and regulations. Governments, professional associations and private standards agencies, such as the Canadian Standards Association and the American Society for Testing and Materials, have also issued relevant guidelines and standards.SOMMAIRELes géoscientifiques professionnels, incluant ceux qui pratiquent en géosciences de l’environnement, ont des responsabilités légales et éthiques définies et définissables. Ces obligations s'appliquent aux géoscientifiques de l’environnement qu’ils travaillent comme experts-conseils, universitaires, ou pour des organismes de réglementation ou comme gestionnaires en environnement. Les géoscientifiques en environnement sont tenus de connaître et de respecter toutes les lois et règlements fédéraux, provinciaux et municipaux applicables aux géoscientifiques professionnels. En plus des lois provinciales régissant la pratique des ingénieurs et des géoscientifiques, les géoscientifiques doivent aussi se soumettre à une variété de lignes directrices et de normes supplémentaires touchant leur pratique. Ces dernières concernent notamment les champs du droit pénal, du droit du travail, le droit des affaires ainsi que les lois et règlements en environnement. Les gouvernements, les associations professionnelles et les organismes privés de normalisation, comme l'Association canadienne de normalisation et l'American Society for Testing and Materials, ont également édicté des lignes directrices et des normes pertinentes.
Lucimycin, an antifungal peptide from the therapeutic maggot of the common green bottle fly Lucilia sericata
Authors: Pöppel Anne-Kathrin , Koch Aline , Kogel Karl-Heinz , Vogel Heiko , Kollewe Christian , Wiesner Jochen , Vilcinskas Andreas 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
We report the identification, cloning, heterologous expression and functional characterization of a novel antifungal peptide named lucimycin from the common green bottle fly Lucilia sericata. The lucimycin cDNA was isolated from a library of genes induced during the innate immune response in L. sericata larvae, which are used as therapeutic maggots. The peptide comprises 77 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 8.2 kDa and a pI of 6.6. It is predicted to contain a zinc-binding motif and to form a random coil, lacking β-sheets or other secondary structures. Lucimycin was active against fungi from the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Zygomycota, in addition to the oomycete Phytophtora parasitica, but it was inactive against bacteria. A mutant version of lucimycin, lacking the four C-terminal amino acid residues, displayed 40-fold lower activity. The activity of lucimycin against a number of highly-destructive plant pathogens could be exploited to produce transgenic crops that are resistant against fungal diseases.
Effect of Different Silicate Supports on the Catalytic Performance of MoVTeO Mixed Oxides in Partial Oxidation of Isobutane
Authors: Hu Jing , Li Zhifang , Yang Xiaoyuan , Ding Wenli , Guan Jingqi 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A series of 5% MoV0.3Te0.25 supported on different silicates (i.e. SiO2, HMS, MCM-41, and MCM-48) have been prepared, characterized, and tested as catalysts in the partial oxidation of isobutane to methacrolein. Characterization results showed that the supports almost kept intact structures after supporting 5 wt.% MoV0.3Te0.25 and the supported catalysts had large specific surface areas. Catalytic tests showed that the specific surface area played a key role in the catalytic activity for the supported catalysts.
High-Precision Surface Inspection: Uncertainty Evaluation within an Accuracy Range of 15μm with Triangulation-based Laser Line Scanners
Authors: Dupuis Jan , Kuhlmann Heiner 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTriangulation-based range sensors, e.g. laser line scanners, are used for high-precision geometrical acquisition of free-form surfaces, for reverse engineering tasks or quality management. In contrast to classical tactile measuring devices, these scanners generate a great amount of 3D-points in a short period of time and enable the inspection of soft materials. However, for accurate measurements, a number of aspects have to be considered to minimize measurement uncertainties. This study outlines possible sources of uncertainties during the measurement process regarding the scanner warm-up, the impact of laser power and exposure time as well as scanner’s reaction to areas of discontinuity, e.g. edges. All experiments were performed using a fixed scanner position to avoid effects resulting from imaging geometry. The results show a significant dependence of measurement accuracy on the correct adaption of exposure time as a function of surface reflectivity and laser power. Additionally, it is illustrated that surface structure as well as edges can cause significant systematic uncertainties.
Silicon photonic devices and integrated circuits
Authors: Dong Po , Chen Young-Kai , Duan Guang-Hua , Neilson David T. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractSilicon photonic devices and integrated circuits have undergone rapid and significant progresses during the last decade, transitioning from research topics in universities to product development in corporations. Silicon photonics is anticipated to be a disruptive optical technology for data communications, with applications such as intra-chip interconnects, short-reach communications in datacenters and supercomputers, and long-haul optical transmissions. Bell Labs, as the research organization of Alcatel-Lucent, a network system vendor, has an optimal position to identify the full potential of silicon photonics both in the applications and in its technical merits. Additionally it has demonstrated novel and improved high-performance optical devices, and implemented multi-function photonic integrated circuits to fulfill various communication applications. In this paper, we review our silicon photonic programs and main achievements during recent years. For devices, we review high-performance single-drive push-pull silicon Mach-Zehnder modulators, hybrid silicon/III-V lasers and silicon nitride-assisted polarization rotators. For photonic circuits, we review silicon/silicon nitride integration platforms to implement wavelength-division multiplexing receivers and transmitters. In addition, we show silicon photonic circuits are well suited for dual-polarization optical coherent transmitters and receivers, geared for advanced modulation formats. We also discuss various applications in the field of communication which may benefit from implementation in silicon photonics.
Americium dioxocations in solid: crystal structures and absorption
spectra of the new complexes [Am
V
O2(dipy)OOCCH3(H2O)] and Cs2[(Am
VI
O2)2(SO4)3]
Authors: Budantseva Nina A. , Grigoriev Mikhail S. , Fedosseev Aleksandr M. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Single crystals of the two new compounds [Am
V
O2(dipy)OOCCH3(H2O)] (I) and
Cs2[(Am
VI
O2)2(SO4)3] (II) have been synthesized and their structures have been determined by
X-ray structural analysis. IR and optical spectra of polycrystalline compounds I and II were measured and interpreted. The
structure I is formed by electroneutral complexes [Am
V
O2(dipy)OOCCH3(H2O)], in which dioxocations
AmO2
+ are coordinated by two N atoms of a bidentate-chelating dipy ligand, two O atoms of a bidentate-chelating acetate
anion and one O atom of water molecule. Due to a different nature of ligands, the distances and bond angles in the equatorial
plane of AmO2
+ have a significant spread. The structure II is built of interlaced anionic and cationic layers. Anionic
layers [(Am
VI
O2)2(SO4)3]
n

2n− contain AmO2
2+ groups and two types of SO4
2−
anions: tridentate- and tetradentate-bridging. Each AmO2
2+ is coordinated in a monodentate way by three tridentate
anions and two tetradentate ones. The coordination numbers of the outer Cs+ cations are equal to 10 for Cs(1), and 16 for
Cs(2). The dioxocations AmO2 in both structures are linear and almost symmetric. Analysis of the obtained absorption
spectra showed that the number and intensity of the absorption bands in them are dependent both on the equatorial ligand
nature, and on the americium ion electronic configuration.
Zirconium-titanium-phosphate nanoparticles: Triton X-100 based size
modification, characterization and application in radiochemical separation
Authors: Chakraborty R. , Sen B. , Chattopadhyay P. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Zirconium-titanium-phosphate nanoparticles (ZTP) of different sizes were synthesized using tritron X-100 (polyethylene
glycol-p-isooctylphenyl ether) surfactant. The materials were characterized by FTIR and powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD). The
structural and morphological details of the material were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission
electron microscopy (TEM). The SEM study was followed by energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis (EDS) for elemental analysis
of the sample. The important peaks of the XRD spectra were analyzed to determine the probable composition of the material. The
particle sizes were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. Ion exchange capacity was measured for different metal
ions with sizes of the ZTP nanoparticles and size-dependent ion exchange property of the material was investigated
thoroughly. The nanomaterial of the smallest size of around 5 nm was employed to separate carrier-free
137mBa from 137Cs in column chromatographic technique using 1.0 M HNO3 as
eluting agent at pH = 5.
Selective agonists for serotonin 7 (5-HT7) receptor and their applications in preclinical models: an overview
Authors: Di Pilato Pantaleo , Niso Mauro , Adriani Walter , Romano Emilia , Travaglini Domenica , Berardi Francesco , Colabufo Nicola A. , Perrone Roberto , Laviola Giovanni , Lacivita Enza , Leopoldo Marcello 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The serotonin 7 (5-HT7) receptor was the last serotonin receptor subtype to be discovered in 1993. This receptor system has been implicated in several central nervous system (CNS) functions, including circadian rhythm, rapid eye movement sleep, thermoregulation, nociception, memory and neuropsychiatric symptoms and pathologies, such as anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. In 1999, medicinal chemistry efforts led to the identification of SB-269970, which became the gold standard selective 5-HT7 receptor antagonist, and later of various selective agonists such as AS-19, LP-44, LP-12, LP-211 and E-55888. In this review, we summarize the preclinical pharmacological studies performed using these agonists, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. The data indicate that 5-HT7 receptor agonists can have neuroprotective effects against N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced toxicity, modulate neuronal plasticity in rats, enhance morphine-induced antinociception and alleviate hyperalgesia consecutive to nerve lesion in neuropathic animals.
One Step Forward, Two Steps Back
Authors: Engelkamp Stephan , Glaab Katharina , Renner Judith 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn their response to our article »Office Hours«, Nicole Deitelhoff and Lisbeth Zimmermann issue three major points of critique towards our proposal of a critical approach to norm research: They criticize, firstly, our discussion of constructivist norm research, secondly, our use of the concepts of local and Western and, thirdly, the overall critical potential of our proposed approach, which they criticize as going merely beyond an unmasking gesture. We take our response to our critics, firstly, as an opportunity to clarify some of the arguments made in our article. Secondly, we confront the points of criticism outlined above and show that Deitelhoff’s and Zimmermann’s critique can only be maintained if one accepts their specific reading of our article. Moreover, it gets tangled up in three major contradictions and is built upon a problematic understanding of the relation between empirical facticity and normative evaluation.
Nebuchadnezzar II’s Prism (EŞ 7834): A New Edition
Authors: Da Riva Rocio 
Published: March 2014

Abstract:
The Nebuchadnezzar II prism EŞ 7834 (Istanbul Archaeological Museum) is an unusual royal inscription. It refers to the building works to enlarge the Old Palace at Babylon, and it is stylistically related to the Nebuchadnezzar building inscription preserved on cylinder C34. But EŞ 7834 also contains long lists of provincial and imperial officials, which can be used as a base to study the administrative structures of the Neo-Babylonian state.
Scanning acoustic microscopy of biological cryosections: the effect of local thickness on apparent acoustic wave speed
Authors: Williams Craig J. , Graham Helen. K. , Zhao Xuegen , Akhtar Riaz , Griffiths Christopher E.M. , Watson Rachel E B , Sherratt Michael J , Derby Brian 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTScanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), when applied to biological samples has the potential to resolve the longitudinal acoustic wave speed and hence stiffness of discrete tissue components. The heterogeneity of biological materials combined with the action of cryosectioning and rehydrating can, however, create variations in section topography. Here, we set out to determine how variations in specimen thickness influence apparent acoustic wave speed measurementsCryosections (5μm nominal thickness) of human skin biopsies were adhered to glass slides before washing and rehydrating in water. Multiple regions (200x200 μm; n = 3) were imaged by SAM to generate acoustic wave speed maps. Subsequently co-localised 30x30 μm sub-regions were imaged by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in fluid. The images were then registered using Image J. Each pixel was allocated both a height and wave speed value before their relationship was then plotted on a scattergram. The mean section thickness measured by AFM was 3.48 ± 1.12 (SD) μm. Regional height variations influenced apparent wave speed measurements. A 3.5 μm height difference was associated with a 400 ms-1 increase in wave speed. In the present study we show that local variations in specimen thickness influence apparent wave speed. We also show that a true measure of wave speed can be calculated if the thickness of the specimen is known at each sampling point.