bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personal experiences of drinking and alcohol-related risk perceptions: The importance of the subjective dimension
Authors: Karlsson Patrik 
Published: August 2012

Aims To explore the association between subjective experiences of drinking and alcohol-related risk perceptions. Methods The data Is based on a questionnaire with questions about beliefs, use habits and experiences of alcohol and tobacco sent to a random sample of 3,000 Swedes aged 18 to 70 years (response rate= 1,623 Individuals, or 54%). In this study, those respondents who had ever been drinking alcohol were Included (1,536 individuals). The data were analysed statistically by cross tabs and multiple logistic regression. Results With some exceptions, the results generally showed that differences In subjective experiences of drinking were related to risk perceptions of alcohol consumption. In particular, those who had more negative than positive subjective experiences of alcohol consumption had substantially higher risk perceptions than those who had more positive than negative experiences, controlling for alcohol consumption and potential confounders. There were also several significant differences between Individuals differently involved in alcohol consumption, net of subjective experiences. Conclusions Subjective experiences of alcohol consumption appear to be an important construct in relation to alcohol-related risk perceptions. To understand the link between personal experiences and risk perceptions pertaining to alcohol consumption, both objective measures of personal experiences and subjective measures should be considered.
Chemical and Sensory Parameters of Heat-treated Vacuum-packaged Broiler and Hen Fillet Products
Authors: Ramane Kristine , Strautniece Envija , Galoburda Ruta 
Published: August 2012

Chemical and Sensory Parameters of Heat-treated Vacuum-packaged Broiler and Hen Fillet Products
The heat treatment of vacuum-packaged products - Sous vide processing method - that offers convenience and storage stability, combined with poultry meat marinating was used in the current study. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of a fruit-vegetable additive on chemical and sensory parameters of heat-treated vacuum-packaged poultry meat products made from broiler or hen fillets. The skinless fillets and other ingredients were packaged in polyamide/polyethylene (PA/PE) pouches, vacuum sealed, marinated, heat treated, and chilled rapidly. The following parameters were evaluated: moisture content (LVS ISO 1442:197), protein content (LVS ISO 937:1978), fat content (LVS ISO 1443:1973), ash content (ISO 936:996), degree of liking, and intensity of sensory properties (ISO 4121: 2003). The smallest changes in moisture content among the studied samples were observed in those prepared with the fruit-vegetable additive if compared to a raw fillet. In the process of heat treatment, the protein content in dry matter of broiler and hen fillet decreased (p<0.05), whereas fat content decreased in broiler fillet but increased in hen fillet (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation results showed that panellists preferred broiler fillet (6.6) and hen fillet (5.8) products which were prepared without the fruit-vegetable additive. Evaluation of the intensity of sensory properties showed that there do not exist significant differences in aroma, colour, flavour, and aftertaste of heat-treated vacuum-packaged hen and broiler fillet (p>0.05), but texture of broiler fillet products is more tender than texture of samples made from hen fillet.
The Complex Motor Sprint Start Performance as a Double Constraint Management
Authors: Natta Françoise , Boisnoir Alexandre , Cholet Didier 
Published: August 2012

The Complex Motor Sprint Start Performance as a Double Constraint Management
In this study, the sprint start was investigated as a double constraint management: straightening 8 up from the ground to sprint forward. This management was explored using three separate groups of expertise defined according to individual sprint performance over 100 m (expert, intermediate and non sprinter). Two experimental conditions were studied according to the position in the starting-blocks: a spontaneous condition (S) and a forward perturbed condition (P) which aimed to carry the body weight more on the arms. In S condition, the statistical analyses showed that subjects were split into three classes according to the similarity of the data. These classes were not totally similar to the original groups of differing expertise. Class 1S subjects presented an efficient motor organization in which initial posture, straightening up and velocity were linked. In P condition, the sprinters were only split into two classes and sprint start efficiency was degraded. Nevertheless, the class 1P was perfectly superimposed on the expert group and presented a more homogenous response than that observed in class 1S. The motor synergies of the intermediate level could not be stabilized. This group and the non sprinter group belonged to the same class due to the similarity of their motor structure as the result of the perturbation.
Perceived Motivational Climate and Team Cohesion in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Horn Thelma , Byrd Megan , Martin Eric , Young Christine 
Published: August 2012

Perceived Motivational Climate and Team Cohesion in Adolescent Athletes
This study was conducted to determine whether adolescent athletes' perceptions of their team's level and type of cohesion would be related to, or differ as a function of, their perceptions of their team's motivational climate. This hypothesized link was assessed using both group comparison and multivariate correlational analyses. Study participants (N = 351 adolescent athletes) were recruited from sports camps conducted for high school-aged athletes at universities, colleges, and other sport facilities throughout the United States. Athletes completed questionnaires to assess perceived coach-initiated motivational climate (PMCSQ-2) and perceived team cohesion (GEQ). Based on their scores on perceived motivational climate, athletes were divided into four climate type groups: Low Task/Low Ego; Low Task/High Ego; High Task/Low Ego; High Task/High Ego. MANOVA comparisons revealed that athletes in both high task groups (High Task/Low Ego and High Task/High Ego) exhibited higher perceptions of all forms of group cohesion. Canonical correlation analyses verified the primary link between a task-oriented team climate and high levels of group cohesion but also revealed some positive aspects of an ego-oriented climate. The obtained results revealed that a coach-initiated task-oriented climate is most strongly linked to high levels of perceived team cohesion. However, elements of an ego-oriented climate can also be positively associated with high levels of team cohesiveness provided they are accompanied by selected components of a mastery climate.
Psychosocial Skills in a Youth Soccer Academy: A Holistic Ecological Perspective
Authors: Larsen Carsten , Alfermann Dorothee , Christensen Mette 
Published: August 2012

Psychosocial Skills in a Youth Soccer Academy: A Holistic Ecological Perspective
Objectives: The latest research in talent development show that more varied psychological and especially social and cultural circumstances play an important role in talent development. This study assumes an ecological approach to explore which psychosocial skills are important in a youth soccer academy and how psychosocial skills are practiced in this particular environment. Method: The research takes the form of a case study. Data were collected from multiple perspectives (in-depth interviews with managers, coaches and players), from multiple situations (observation of training, competitions and meetings) and from the analysis of documents. Results: The findings reveal explicit (being practiced and talked about) and implicit (indirectly practiced and talked about) psychosocial skills in the youth soccer academy and a differentiation between internal and interpersonal psychosocial skills. Conclusions: Important explicit psychosocial skills are motivation, self awareness and the ability to work hard. However, even more important for the young soccer players dealing with the transition to professional soccer seem to be implicit psychosocial skills such as managing performance and process outcomes (internal) and the ability to utilize team skills and general social skills (interpersonal). Despite the fact that the environment expects the young players to display these skills, they are only indirectly practiced. This study demonstrates the interweaving of psychosocial skills and practice in the talent development environment, and thus underlines the social construction of psychosocial skills in elite sport.
Inactivity in Childhood and Adolescence: A Modern Lifestyle Associated with Adverse Health Consequences
Authors: Mavrovouniotis Fotios 
Published: August 2012

Inactivity in Childhood and Adolescence: A Modern Lifestyle Associated with Adverse Health ConsequencesThe current era is characterized by kinetic limitation, both in children, and adolescents. Children today expend 400% less energy than did their counterparts of 40 years ago and are 40% less active than they were 30 years ago. Children and adolescents' today activity level is very low, while they spend their free time, mainly, in sedentary behaviours, such as tv viewing, and computer videogames playing. The average child or adolescent 2- to 18-years old spends on tv-videotapes watching or video games playing more than 5 hours per day. The lack of movement in children and adolescents' lives is one of the primary predisposing factors of increased morbidity, since many of the chronic diseases of adults are initiated in childhood. Approximately 40% of children aged 5 - 8 years old present increased risk factors for heart disease, such as obesity, hypertension and high total cholesterol, or for diabetes. These diseases are most often irreversible due to the continuous sedentary lifestyle that has been adopted by children. Moreover, significant relationships between inactivity and other adverse health practices, such as consumption of less-healthy foods or increased fat intake, as well as cigarette smoking that have been demonstrated in adolescents, predispose to cardiovascular disease. To sum up, inactivity represents a behaviour that is associated with adverse health consequences which initiate even though from childhood and follow children and adolescents throughout their lives.
Dimensions of Market Demand Associated with Dance Schools
Authors: Zaggelidou Eleni , Tsamourtzis Evangelos , Malkogeorgos Alexandros , Zaggelidis Georgios 
Published: August 2012

Dimensions of Market Demand Associated with Dance Schools
Therefore the purpose of this study was to identify dimensions of market demand for dance schools. Dance is an activity requiring a strong relationship between the artist, marketer and audience. Marketing has generated sufficient commercial interest in the field, transforming dance into a thriving business. The growth of the dance industry has resulted in a highly competitive business environment. Effective management and marketing strategies (market segmentation, market promotion, program differentiation, and pricing strategy) may be formed for dance schools to ultimately satisfy consumer needs and also achieve business success. Cultural Learning, Personal Benefits, Program Offering, School Operation, Instruction Quality, and Economic Consideration would be positively predictive of the consumption level at dance schools. New technologies might also influence of purchase intent and must be consider by marketers.
A Survey on Visual Information Search Behavior and Requirements of Radiologists
Authors: Holzer M. , Dungs S. , Vargas A. , Langs G. , Kriewel S. , Müller H. , Markonis D. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryObjectives: The main objective of this study is to learn more on the image use and search requirements of radiologists. These requirements will then be taken into account to develop a new search system for images and associated meta data search in the Khresmoi project.Methods: Observations of the radiology workflow, case discussions and a literature review were performed to construct a survey form that was given online and in paper form to radiologists. Eye tracking was performed on a radiology viewing station to analyze typical tasks and to complement the survey.Results: In total 34 radiologists answered the survey online or on paper. Image search was mentioned as a frequent and common task, particularly for finding cases of interest for differential diagnosis. Sources of information besides the Internet are books and discussions with colleagues. Search for images is unsuccessful in around 25% of the cases, stopping the search after around 10 minutes. The most common reason for failure is that target images are considered rare. Important additions for search requested in the survey are filtering by pathology and modality, as well as search for visually similar images and cases. Few radiologists are familiar with visual retrieval but they desire the option to upload images for searching similar ones.Conclusions: Image search is common in radiology but few radiologists are fully aware of visual information retrieval. Taking into account the many unsuccessful searches and time spent for this, a good image search could improve the situation and help in clinical practice.
Morphology-based Features for Adaptive Mitosis Detection of In Vitro Stem Cell Tracking Data
Authors: Becker T. , Madany A. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryObjectives: The cultivation of adherently growing cell populations is a major task in the field of adult stem cell production used for drug discovery and in the field of regenerative medicine. To assess the quality of a cell population, a crucial event is the mitotic cell division: the precise knowledge of these events enables the reconstruction of lineages and accurate proliferation curves as well as a detailed analysis of cell cycles. To serve in an autonomous cell farming framework, such a detector requires to work reliably and unsupervised.Methods: We introduce a mitosis detector that is using a maximum likelihood (ML) estimator based on morphological cell features (cell area, brightness, length, compactness). It adapts to the 3 phases of cell growth (lag, log and stationary phase). As a concurrent model, we compared ML with kernel SVMs using linear, quadratic and Gaussian kernel functions. All approaches are evaluated for their ability to distinguish between mitotic and nonmitotic events. The large, publicly available benchmark data CeTReS (reference data set A with > 240,000 segmented cells, > 2,000 mitotic events) is used for this evaluation.Results: The adaptive (unsupervised) ML approach clearly outperforms previously published non-adaptive approaches and the linear SVM. Furthermore, it robustly reaches a performance comparable to quadratic and Gaussian SVM.Conclusions: The proposed simple and label free adaptive variant might be the method of choice when it comes to autonomous cell farming. Hereby, it is essential to have reliable and unsupervised mitosis detection that covers all phases of cell growth.
Gene expression assays for actin, ubiquitin, and three microsatellite‐encoding genes in Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae)
Authors: Pramod Sreepriya , Downs Katharyn E. , Welch Mark E. 
Published: August 2012

• Premise of the study: The “tuning knob” model of King et al. (Endeavor 21: 36–40, 1997) postulates that microsatellite mutations can alter phenotypes in a stepwise fashion. Some proposed mechanisms involve regulation of gene expression. To study the effect of microsatellites harbored in untranslated regions on gene expression in Helianthus annuus, we have developed TaqMan assays for three microsatellite‐encoding genes, and two constitutively expressed genes, actin and ubiquitin, to serve as standards.• Methods and Results: All five TaqMan assays yielded strong log‐linear relationships between cycle threshold (CT) values and cDNA concentrations (R2 = 0.98–0.99). Standard curves were based on five concentrations for each of five individuals. Efficiencies ranged from 0.83 to 1.03.• Conclusions: The developed tools will allow for relative quantification of gene expression across individuals. Genotyping these loci will allow for testing the “tuning knob” hypothesis. Further, the actin and ubiquitin assays should be generally applicable to gene expression studies in H. annuus.
Development of chromosome‐arm‐specific microsatellite markers in Triticum aestivum (Poaceae) using NGS technology
Authors: Nie Xiaojun , Li Bianli , Le Wang  , Liu Peixun , Biradar Siddanagouda S. , Li Tao , Doležel Jaroslav , Edwards David , Luo Mingcheng , Weining Song 
Published: August 2012

• Premise of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of developing chromosome‐arm‐specific microsatellite markers in wheat on a large scale based on chromosome survey sequences obtained with next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technology.• Methods and Results: The Illumina Hi Seq2000 sequencing platform was used to sequence DNA of isolated wheat chromosome‐arm 7DL. The data were assembled and microsatellite loci were identified computationally. In total, 16315 microsatellites were identified from 161061 assembled contigs. Thirty‐three markers were randomly selected for validation across 20 diverse wheat cultivars. Two nulli‐tetrasomic stocks were also screened to validate the specificity of the newly developed markers.• Conclusions: This is the first study on identification of chromosome‐arm‐specific microsatellite markers using NGS technology. These new chromosome‐arm‐specific markers will facilitate saturation of the 7DL genetic map, and their availability will support genetic mapping and positional cloning in wheat.
Strategies for cell shape control in tip‐growing cells
Authors: Campàs Otger , Rojas Enrique , Dumais Jacques , Mahadevan L. 
Published: August 2012

• Premise of the study: Despite the large diversity in biological cell morphology, the processes that specify and control cell shape are not yet fully understood. Here we study the shape of tip‐growing, walled cells, which have evolved a polar mode of cell morphogenesis leading to characteristic filamentous cell morphologies that extend only apically.• Methods: We identified the relevant parameters for the control of cell shape and derived scaling laws based on mass conservation and force balance that connect these parameters to the resulting geometrical phenotypes. These laws provide quantitative testable relations linking morphological phenotypes to the biophysical processes involved in establishing and modulating cell shape in tip‐growing, walled cells.• Key results and conclusions: By comparing our theoretical results to the observed morphological variation within and across species, we found that tip‐growing cells from plant and fungal species share a common strategy to shape the cell, whereas oomycete species have evolved a different mechanism.
The plastid genome of the mycoheterotrophicCorallorhiza striata(Orchidaceae) is in the relatively early stages of degradation
Authors: Barrett Craig F. , Davis Jerrold I. 
Published: August 2012

•Premise of the study:Plastid genomes of nonphotosynthetic, mycoheterotrophic plants represent apt systems in which to study effects of relaxed evolutionary constraints. The few mycoheterotrophic angiosperm plastomes sequenced to date display drastic patterns of degradation/reduction relative to those of photosynthetic relatives. The goal of this study was to focus on a mycoheterotrophic orchid hypothesized to be in the “early” stages of plastome degradation, to provide perspective on this process.•Methods:Short‐read sequencing was used to generate a complete plastome sequence forCorallorhiza striatavar.vreelandii, a mycoheterotrophic orchid, to investigate the extent of plastome degradation. Patterns of nonsynonymous/synonymous mutations were also assessed, and comparisons were made betweenCorallorhizaand other heterotrophic plant lineages.•Key results: Corallorhizayielded a plastome of 137505 bp, with several photosynthesis‐related genes either lost or pseudogenized. Members of all major photosynthesis complexes, except ATP‐synthase genes, were affected. “Housekeeping” genes were intact, despite the loss of a single tRNA. Intact photosynthesis genes (excludingatpgenes) together displayed elevated nonsynonymous changes, while housekeeping genes did not.•Conclusions:TheCorallorhizaplastome is not drastically reduced in overall size (∼6% reduction relative to that of photosyntheticOncidium), but displays a pattern congruent with a loss of photosynthetic function. ComparingCorallorhizawith other heterotrophs allows some emergent evolutionary patterns to be inferred, but these remain as hypotheses to be tested, especially at lower taxonomic levels, and in lineages illustrating transitions from autotrophy to heterotrophy. The independent, unique processes of plastome modification among mycoheterotrophic lineages illustrate the urgency of their conservation.
Transparence et Vérité : Vers un culte de l'aveu ?
Authors: Pinel Carole , Guillén Julio , Reniers Dominique 
Published: August 2012

Celui qui ne révèle pas peut, aujourd’hui, être soupçonné d’avoir des choses à dissimuler. Au sein de cette époque du dévoilement, le secret tend, de nos jours, à être évincé. Dans un monde de transparence où il devient impératif de tout dire, de tout voir et de tout savoir, la réflexion consistera à interroger les effets parfois dramatiques de l’exigence contemporaine d’éradiquer toute obscurité, et tentera de cerner la menace d’une dérive idéologique engageant notre rapport à la « vérité ». Le déploiement de la figure métaphorique du voile prendra alors toute sa valeur d’échappée, dès lors qu’on n’attendrait rien d’autre qu’un jeu d’oscillation entre clarté et opacité.
La « sortie hors du corps » comme nouveau tropisme pour la clinique du corps ?
Authors: Le Maléfan Pascal 
Published: August 2012

Deux hypothèses sont présentées dans cet article. D’abord celle postulant que la phénoménologie de « sortie hors du corps » connaît une actualité qui doit intéresser le clinicien. Les apports de Lacan sur l’ego peuvent trouver ici une contribution. Ensuite celle suggérant que cette actualité est corrélative d’une modification contemporaine du rapport au corps, celle promouvant une distanciation.
Écrire dans l'âge de fer
Authors: Neau Françoise 
Published: August 2012

Qu’écrire sous la menace de la guerre au-dehors ? L’auteur propose de lire, à partir de cette question, deux romans de l’écrivain sud-africain John Maxwell Coetzee, Michael K, sa vie, son temps (1983) et L’âge de fer (1990). Comment les deux héros si différents de ces romans, un jeune homme noir handicapé, et une vieille femme blanche au stade terminal de son cancer, l’un et l’autre pris dans la guerre et la mort du fait de l’apartheid et des luttes qu’il engendre, survivent-ils sous la menace de cette actualité terrible ? Grâce aux ressources de la fiction, Coetzee, qui dit rejeter la colonisation du roman par le discours historique, déploie une épistémologie de la survie où les processus d’« identification survivante » (selon la notion proposée par N. Zaltzman) et de désidentification désaliénante (pour rester vivante jusqu’à sa mort, l’héroïne de L’âge de fer doit « devenir quelqu’un d’autre qu’elle-même) donnent forme et corps à « la résistance de l’humain », contre le règne du meurtre.
Composition et métaphores identifiantes
Authors: Guittonneau Mireille , Le Poulichet Sylvie 
Published: August 2012

La créativité de l’analyste s’exprime avec certains patients par un travail de composition consistant à présenter des figures par lesquelles s’engage un processus identificatoire singulier. L’une des formes prise par ce travail de composition – les métaphores – fait apparaître l’existence d’un paradoxe au cœur du processus : c’est en déformant, en voilant qu’elles révèlent certaines identifications mortifères ou certaines expériences d’effroi. En constituant, dans le champ du langage, l’équivalent d’un regard enveloppant, au lieu d’un regard qui efface, elles témoignent de leur fonction identifiante.