bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion weighted images of metastatic as compared with nonmetastatic axillary lymph nodes in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer
Authors: Yamaguchi Ken , Schacht David , Nakazono Takahiko , Irie Hiroyuki , Abe Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2014

BackgroundTo investigate the ability of diffusion weighted images (DWI) to differentiate between metastatic and nonmetastatic axillary lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer.MethodsFrom January 2010 to February 2012, DWI was performed at b values of 0 and 800 for 16 metastatic LNs from 16 patients with breast cancer, and 20 nonmetastatic LNs from 20 women without breast cancer. The metastatic LNs were proven by ultrasound (US) guided core biopsy and the same LNs were identified on MRI by comparing the US images with MR images. Nonmetastatic LNs were verified by the stability in size and shape for at least 2 years on MRI. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the metastatic and nonmetastatic axillary LNs was compared. Receiver‐operating‐characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the ADC value in differentiating between metastatic and nonmetastatic axillary LNs.ResultsThe mean ADC value was 0.746 × 10−3 for metastatic LNs and 1.033 × 10−3 for nonmetastatic LNs (P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.884. The sensitivity and specificity for differentiating metastatic from nonmetastatic axillary LNs using a cutoff ADC value of 0.852 were 85% and 81%, respectively.ConclusionThere is a statistically significant difference between the ADC values of pathologically proven metastatic LNs and nonmetastatic LNs. DWI and ADC values are a useful tool for differentiating metastatic from nonmetastatic axillary LNs. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:771–778.
Quantification of myocardial blood flow with dynamic perfusion 3.0 Tesla MRI: Validation with 15o‐water PET
Authors: Tomiyama Yuuki , Manabe Osamu , Oyama‐Manabe Noriko , Naya Masanao , Sugimori Hiroyuki , Hirata Kenji , Mori Yuki , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Kudo Kohsuke , Tamaki Nagara , Katoh Chietsugu 
Published: December 2014

BackgroundTo develop and validate a method for quantifying myocardial blood flow (MBF) using dynamic perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MBFMRI) at 3.0 Tesla (T) and compare the findings with those of 15O‐water positron emission tomography (MBFPET).MethodsTwenty healthy male volunteers underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 15O‐water positron emission tomography (PET) at rest and during adenosine triphosphate infusion. The single‐tissue compartment model was used to estimate the inflow rate constant (K1). We estimated the extraction fraction of Gd‐DTPA using K1 and MBF values obtained from 15O‐water PET for the first 10 subjects. For validation, we calculated MBFMRI values for the remaining 10 subjects and compared them with the MBFPET values. In addition, we compared MBFMRI values of 10 patients with coronary artery disease with those of healthy subjects.ResultsThe mean resting and stress MBFMRI values were 0.76 ± 0.10 and 3.04 ± 0.82 mL/min/g, respectively, and showed excellent correlation with the mean MBFPET values (r = 0.96, P < 0.01). The mean stress MBFMRI value was significantly lower for the patients (1.92 ± 0.37) than for the healthy subjects (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe use of dynamic perfusion MRI at 3T is useful for estimating MBF and can be applied for patients with coronary artery disease. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:754–762.
The Effect of Abdominal Massage in Reducing Malignant Ascites Symptoms
Authors: Wang Tsae‐Jyy , Wang Hung‐Ming , Yang Tsai‐Sheng , Jane Sui‐Whi , Huang Tse‐Hung , Wang Chao‐Hui , Lin Yi‐Hsin 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAs many as 50% of end‐stage cancer patients will develop ascites and associated symptoms, including pain, tiredness, nausea, depression, anxiety, drowsiness, loss of appetite, dyspnea, perceived abdominal bloating, and immobility. Abdominal massage may stimulate lymph return to the venous system and reduce ascites‐related symptoms. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of abdominal massage in reducing these symptoms and reducing ascites itself as reflected in body weight. For a randomized controlled design using repeated measures, a sample of 80 patients with malignant ascites was recruited from gastroenterology and oncology units of a medical center in northern Taiwan and randomly assigned to the intervention or the control group. A 15‐minute gentle abdominal massage, using straight rubbing, point rubbing, and kneading, was administered twice daily for 3 days. The control group received a twice‐daily 15‐minute social interaction contact with the same nurse. Symptoms and body weight were measured in the morning for 4 consecutive days from pre‐ to post‐test. In generalized estimation equation modeling, a significant group‐by‐time interaction on depression, anxiety, poor wellbeing, and perceived abdominal bloating, indicated that abdominal massage improved these four symptoms, with the greatest effect on perceived bloating. The intervention had no effect on pain, tiredness, nausea, drowsiness, poor appetite, shortness of breath, mobility limitation, or body weight. Abdominal massage appears useful for managing selected symptoms of malignant ascites. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inhibition of telomerase activity by NME2: impact on metastasis suppression?
Authors: Kar Anirban , Chowdhury Shantanu 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Though anti-metastatic function of non-metastatic 2 (NME2) has been implicated in multiple cancers, mechanisms of metastases control by NME2 are not clearly understood. Recent observations indicating the involvement of telomerase, the ribonucleoprotein required for telomere synthesis, in metastatic outcome are interesting. Notably, though the role of telomerase dysfunction in tumorigenesis is relatively well studied, involvement in metastasis progression is poorly understood. Recent findings demonstrate NME2 presence at telomere ends, association with telomerase, and NME2’s role in inhibition of telomerase activity in cancer cells. These present a novel opportunity to investigate mechanisms underlying NME2-mediated metastasis suppression.
Effect of Dietary Replacement of Soybean Oil with Different Sources of Gamma‐Linolenic Acid on Fatty Acid Composition of Nile Tilapia
Authors: Schneider Vanessa Vivian Almeida , Carbonera Fabiana , Lopes Ana Paula , Santos Oscar Oliveira , Oliveira Cláudio Celestino , Souza Nilson Evelázio , Visentainer Jesuí Vergílio 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGamma‐linolenic acid (GLA) plays an important role in the prevention and/or treatment of certain diseases. In this work, we investigate the incorporation of GLA from supplemented feed diets with borage oil (BO) and evening primrose oil (EPO) as substitutes for soybean oil (SO) into the composition of tilapia fillet lipids. High contents of PUFA and n‐6 fatty acids were quantified in fish fillet after 30 days of treatment with SO, BO, and EPO. Feed diets containing BO and EPO were efficient in the incorporation of GLA into fish. Compared to the initial day of the experiment, the increase of GLA was significant (from 6.43 to 13.99 and 15.12 mg g−1, in lipids of fish treated for 30 days with BO and EPO, respectively). The increase of GLA was also observed in fish which were fed with SO diet (6.43–11.43 mg g−1). Principal component analysis (PCA) allowed the separation of the treatments and discriminated BO and EPO in a group of fish that received the GLA supplemented diet. In addition to GLA, n‐3 fatty acids were important in the characterization of SO diet and affected the separation of BO and EPO from SO in the PCA score plot.
The Non-uniqueness Property of the Intrinsic Estimator in APC Models
Authors: Pelzer Ben , te Grotenhuis Manfred , Eisinga Rob , Schmidt-Catran Alexander W. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This article explores an important property of the intrinsic estimator that has received no attention in literature: the age, period, and cohort estimates of the intrinsic estimator are not unique but vary with the parameterization and reference categories chosen for these variables. We give a formal proof of the non-uniqueness property for effect coding and dummy variable coding. Using data on female mortality in the United States over the years 1960–1999, we show that the variation in the results obtained for different parameterizations and reference categories is substantial and leads to contradictory conclusions. We conclude that the non-uniqueness property is a new argument for not routinely applying the intrinsic estimator.
GENERALITY AND EXISTENCE: QUANTIFICATIONAL LOGIC IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: PLATO JAN VON 
Published: December 2014

AbstractFrege explained the notion of generality by stating that each its instance is a fact, and added only later the crucial observation that a generality can be inferred from an arbitrary instance. The reception of Frege’s quantifiers was a fifty-year struggle over a conceptual priority: truth or provability. With the former as the basic notion, generality had to be faced as an infinite collection of facts, whereas with the latter, generality was based on a uniformity with a finitary sense: the provability of an arbitrary instance.
Comparison of a Silver-Coated Needleless Connector and a Standard Needleless Connector for the Prevention of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Jacob Jesse T. , Chernetsky Tejedor Sheri , Dent Reyes Mary , Lu Xin , Easley Kirk A. , Aurand William L. , Garrett Gina , Graham Kimberly , Holder Carolyn , Robichaux Chad , Steinberg James P. 
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVETo assess the impact of a novel, silver-coated needleless connectors (NCs) on central-line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates compared with a mechanically identical NCs without a silver coating.DESIGNProspective longitudinal observation studySETTINGTwo 500-bed university hospitalsPATIENTSAll hospitalized adults from November 2009 to June 2011 with non-hemodialysis central linesINTERVENTIONSHospital A started with silver-coated NCs and switched to standard NCs in September 2010; hospital B started with standard NCs and switched to silver-coated NCs. The primary outcome was the difference revealed by Poisson multivariate regression in CLABSI rate using standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance definitions. The secondary outcome was a comparison of organism-specific CLABSI rates by NC type.RESULTSAmong 15,845 hospital admissions, 140,186 central-line days and 221 CLABSIs were recorded during the study period. In a multivariate model, the CLABSI rate per 1,000 central-line days was lower with silver-coated NCs than with standard NCs (1.21 vs 1.79; incidence rate ratio=0.68 [95% CI: 0.52–0.89],P=.005). A lower CLABSI rate per 1,000 central-line days for the silver-coated NCs versus the standard NCs was observed withS. aureus(0.11 vs 0.30,P=.02), enterococci (0.10 vs 0.27,P=.03), and Gram-negative organisms (0.28 vs 0.63,P=.003) but not with coagulase-negative staphylococci (0.31 vs 0.36) orCandidaspp. (0.42 vs 0.40).CONCLUSIONSThe use of silver-coated NCs decreased the CLABSI rate by 32%. CLABSI reduction efforts should include efforts to minimize contamination of NCs.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;00(0): 1–8
Influence of Home Care on Life Satisfaction, Loneliness, and Perceived Life Stress
Authors: Kadowaki Laura , Wister Andrew V. , Chappell Neena L. 
Published: December 2014

RÉSUMÉDes preuves solides ont établi les avantages de l'utilisation par des services médicaux et de santé des soins à domicile pour les personnes âgées. Cependant, seulement recherche clairsemée a été menée sur les avantages psycho-sociaux potentiels. Les adultes plus âgés (65 ans et plus) recevant des soins à domicile sont compares avec des personnes qui ont des besoins non-satisfaits (si ils ont reçu des soins à domicile ou non) sur trois indicateurs clés de la qualité de vie—la satisfaction de vie, la solitude et le stress de vie perçue. Les données sont tirées des répondants à l'Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes 2008–2009 qui répondaient aux critères de l'étude (n = 3,244). Les analyses de régression ont montré que les personnes âgées dont leurs besoins en matière de soins à domicile sont satisfaits ont rapporté des niveaux plus élevés de satisfaction de la vie, et les niveaux inférieurs de la solitude et le stress de la vie perçue, que ceux qui ont des besoins non satisfaits, déduction faite des co-variables aléatoires. Les résultats suggèrent que de combler cette lacune de soins à domicile élèverait de manière significative la qualité de vie en augmentant la résilience sociale et environnementale du vieillissement chez soi.
Measuring Acculturation and Enculturation among Chinese Canadian Older Adults
Authors: Tieu Yvonne , Konnert Candace 
Published: December 2014

RÉSUMÉIl est important de déterminer l'adaptation culturelle; cependant, la plupart des mesures d'acculturation sont uni-dimensionnelles, avec peu de données psychométriques pour les immigrants plus âgés. Cette étude a évalué une mesure bi-dimensionnelle, l'indice d'acculturation Vancouver (IAV; Ryder, Alden, et Paulhus, 2000), parmi 149 patients (âge moyen = 73,92 années) Canadiens d'origine chinoise. Les cohérences internes étaient 0,84 et 0,83 pour les sous-échelles du grand public et du patrimoine, respectivement, et ils étaient orthogonal. La validité convergente et discriminante ont été démontrées par des corrélations entre les sous-échelles prévues IAV et l'âge à l'immigration, les années au Canada, la maîtrise de l'anglais, la croyance dans la culture chinoise et l'échelle de valeurs (CCCV; Lai et Chau, 2007). Le VIA a représenté beaucoup plus de la variance dans la capacité de la langue de la BCCV, au-dessus et au-delà des procurations d'acculturation. L'analyse factorielle exploratoire reproduit la structure à deux facteurs signalés par Ryder et al. (2000). Une analyse factorielle confirmatoire a indiqué un ajustement médiocre. Cette étude prend en charge un modèle bi-dimensionnel d'adaptation culturelle entre Canadiens chinois plus âgés.
Computer-mediated input, output and feedback in the development of L2 word recognition from speech
Authors: Matthews Joshua , Cheng Junyu , O’Toole John Mitchell 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper reports on the impact of computer-mediated input, output and feedback on the development of second language (L2) word recognition from speech (WRS). A quasi-experimental pre-test/treatment/post-test research design was used involving three intact tertiary level English as a Second Language (ESL) classes. Classes were either assigned to a control group (n=31) or to one of two alternative treatment levels which used a web-based computer application enabling self-determined opportunities to repeatedly listen to and reconstruct spoken target text into its written form. Treatment group one (n=30) received text feedback after each of their efforts at target text reconstruction, whereas treatment group two (n=35) did not. Results indicated that word recognition gain scores of those who used the application, regardless of treatment level, were significantly higher than those of the control group. The relationship between the quantity of self-determined exposure to input and word recognition improvements was moderate but not linear, with those choosing moderate levels of speech input deriving the greatest measurable improvement. Neither increased levels of modified output nor the provision of text feedback were associated with significant improvements in word recognition gain scores. Implications for computer-mediated approaches for the development of L2 WRS are described and areas for future empirical research are suggested.
Factors influencing the distribution and abundance of endemic pigeons on São Tomé Island (Gulf of Guinea)
Authors: CARVALHO MARIANA , FA JULIA E. , REGO FRANCISCO C. , LIMA RICARDO F. DE , SANTOS GABRIEL , PALMEIRIM JORGE M. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryUnderstanding the factors that determine habitat use and abundance of exploited species is essential to develop effective conservation strategies. We studied the four forest pigeons on São Tomé Island to assess the species’ distribution and abundance patterns. We determined ecological factors likely to be associated with each species’ use of habitats and numbers, as well as the influence of hunting pressure. In total, 35 km of line transects were surveyed in the rainy season and at the start of the dry season. Pigeons differed in their use of habitats; there were also strong seasonality effects. The most abundant species was the Lemon Dove Columba simplex, the only non-hunted species. The São Tomé Green Pigeon Treron sanctithomae and Maroon Pigeon Columba thomensis were less abundant and had more restricted ranges. Both species were strongly associated with old-growth forests. In contrast, the Bronze-naped Pigeon Columba malherbii was relatively abundant and widespread; this species favours human-altered habitats such as shade forests and non-forested areas. Fruit availability measured within the different habitats was linked with the distribution and abundance of the three hunted species. Potential human predation pressure on all species was determined from hunting signs found along the surveyed transects. There was a significant negative correlation between the abundance of two of the hunted species and hunting pressure. Our results indicate the importance of adequately protecting old-growth and secondary forests as core habitats for the survival of viable populations of all pigeon species in the island. However, control of hunting is also crucial.
Association of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism with conotruncal heart disease
Authors: Sayin Kocakap Beyza D. , Sanli Cihat , Cabuk Feryal , Koc Murat , Kutsal Ali 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCongenital heart diseases are common congenital anomalies with 1% prevalence worldwide and are associated with significant childhood morbidity and mortality. Among a wide range of aetiologically heterogeneous conditions, conotruncal anomalies account for approximately one-third of all congenital heart defects. The aetiology of conotruncal heart diseases is complex, with both environmental and genetic causes. Hyperhomocysteinaemia, which is often accompanied by the defects of folic acid metabolism, is known to cause conotruncal heart anomalies. In this study, we have evaluated three polymorphisms in the following two hyperhomocysteinaemia-related genes: methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T and A1298C) and nicotinamide N-methyl transferase (NNMT rs694539) in 79 children with conotruncal heart disease and 99 children without conotruncal heart disease. Genotype distribution of the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups. In the case group, AC and CC genotypes were higher than the control group (p<0.05). We have found that MTHFR A1298C polymorphism is associated with conotruncal heart disease; C allele (p=0.028), AC (OR[95% CI]=2.48[1.24–4.95], p=0.010), CC (OR[95% CI]=3.01[1.16–7.83], p=0.023), and AC+CC (OR[95% CI]=2.60[1.36–4.99], p=0.004) genotypes are more frequent in the patient group. Genotype distributions of the MTHFR C677T and NNMT rs694539 polymorphisms were similar in the two groups when evaluated separately and also according to the dominant genetic model (p>0.05). Our results suggest that MTHFR 1298C allele is a risk factor for conotruncal heart disease.
Polymeric synthetic nanoparticles for the induction of antigen-specific immunological tolerance
Authors: Maldonado Roberto A. , LaMothe Robert A. , Ferrari Joseph D. , Zhang Ai-Hong , Rossi Robert J. , Kolte Pallavi N. , Griset Aaron P. , O’Neil Conlin , Altreuter David H. , Browning Erica , Johnston Lloyd , Farokhzad Omid C. , Langer Robert , Scott David W. , von Andrian Ulrich H. , Kishimoto Takashi Kei 
Published: December 2014

Significance
Synthetic nanoparticles containing either protein or peptide antigen and the immunosuppressant rapamycin are capable of inducing durable and specific resistance to mounting immune responses toward the antigen. This immunological tolerance operates on lymphocytes even after multiple immunogenic challenges with the antigen and adding enhancers of immune responses (adjuvants). As a result, the animals treated with these tolerogenic nanoparticles (tNPs) show reduced allergic hypersensitivity disorders, protection from disease relapse in a model of multiple sclerosis, and prevention of inhibitory antidrug antibody responses in an animal model of hemophilia A. These results show the potential for nanocarriers to modify the immunoreactivity of a given molecule by providing tolerogenic instructions to the immune system, thereby preventing or reversing pathological and neutralizing immune responses.
Cohort of birth modifies the association between FTO genotype and BMI
Authors: Rosenquist James Niels , Lehrer Steven F. , O’Malley A. James , Zaslavsky Alan M. , Smoller Jordan W. , Christakis Nicholas A. 
Published: December 2014

Significance
Our finding of a significant gene-by-birth-cohort interaction adds a previously unidentified dimension to gene-by-environment interaction research, suggesting that global changes in the environment over time can modify the penetrance of genetic risk factors for diverse phenotypes. This result also suggests that presence (or absence) of a genotype–phenotype correlation may depend on the period of time study subjects were born in, or the historical moment researchers conduct their investigations.
Warfare and reproductive success in a tribal population
Authors: Glowacki Luke , Wrangham Richard 
Published: December 2014

SignificanceThe reasons why warriors in small-scale societies participate in war are poorly understood. Evolutionary anthropologists have argued that individuals can benefit from participating in warfare despite the risks they face. Unfortunately, field data to evaluate this hypothesis are exceedingly rare. Here we present the first quantitative study on warfare and reproductive success among a pastoralist population. Participation in warfare for elders is associated with a greater number of wives and children. Ethnography suggests this result is because greater warriorship gives men increased access to bridewealth over the life course. Our results appear to apply to similar pastoralist populations and provide support for the expectation that warriors in small-scale societies benefit from participating in warfare.
Mechanism by which a recently discovered allosteric inhibitor blocks glutamine metabolism in transformed cells
Authors: Stalnecker Clint A. , Ulrich Scott M. , Li Yunxing , Ramachandran Sekar , McBrayer Mary Kate , DeBerardinis Ralph J. , Cerione Richard A. , Erickson Jon W. 
Published: December 2014

Significance
The work described here was motivated by our previous discovery of a connection between Rho GTPase activation and the up-regulation of mitochondrial glutaminase C (GAC), which is responsible for satisfying the glutamine addiction of cancer cells. This connection was originally established by our identification of a lead compound, 968, for a new class of inhibitors of oncogenic transformation. Although GAC was identified as the putative target for 968, how it regulated GAC was poorly understood. Here we provide important insights into the actions of 968, through the development of novel assays for its direct binding to GAC and its effects on enzyme activity. These findings offer exciting new strategies for interfering with the metabolic reprogramming critical for malignant transformation.