bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury with anxiety: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007–2012
Authors: Bai Long , Wen Zongliang , Zhu Yan , Jama Hamdi Abdirizak , Sawmadal Joyce D. , Chen Jialin 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between blood levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury and anxiety in American adults.MethodsBlood metals and self-reported anxiety days were extracted from laboratory data and questionnaire data, respectively, using NHANES data from 2007–2012. Weighted logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between cadmium, lead and mercury with anxiety. Restricted cubic spline was used to visualize the non-linear relationship between metal concentrations and anxiety. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used to investigate the effect of combined exposure to the three metals on anxiety.ResultsThe prevalence of anxiety in adults was 26.0%. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, cadmium levels in the highest quartile (Q4) were associated with a higher risk of anxiety compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 1.279, 95% CI: 1.113–1.471, p &lt; 0.01). Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a positive association between blood cadmium levels and anxiety. Furthermore, co-exposure to multiple heavy metals was positively associated with anxiety risk (WQS positive: OR = 1.068, 95% CI: 1.016–1.160, p &lt; 0.05), with cadmium contributing the most to the overall mixture effect. Compared to the Light RPA, the Vigorous/Moderate RPA group had a relatively low risk of anxiety after cadmium exposure.ConclusionHigh levels of blood cadmium are positively associated with the development of anxiety disorders, which needs to be further verified in future studies.
The mediator role of the feeling of personal unaccomplishment in the effect of unemployment anxiety on depression: a research on business faculty students in Türkiye
Authors: Yumusak Ibrahim Güran 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to determine how the unemployment anxiety of university students affects their depression level. It also examines the mediating role of the feeling of personal unaccomplishment between these effects.MethodsThe data was analyzed using the PROCESS method. The research was conducted on 843 students attending different public or foundation (private) universities in Türkiye. Random sampling was used to select the participants.ResultsAs a result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a positive, significant, moderate (R = 0.509, p &lt; 0.01) relationship between unemployment anxiety and depression and a positive, significant and weak relationship between unemployment anxiety and feeling of personal unaccomplishment (R = 0.102, p &lt; 0.01), there is a positive, significant, and weak (R = 0.184, p &lt; 0.01) relationship between feeling of personal unaccomplishment and depression. Unemployment anxiety of university students had significant and positive effects on their depression level and significant and positive effects on feelings of personal unaccomplishment of students.ConclusionAs a result of the mediating variable analysis, it was determined that the feeling of personal unaccomplishment has a partial mediator role in the relationship between unemployment anxiety and depression.
Double-duty actions addressing the double burden of malnutrition among adolescents aged 10–19: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Zhao Shuangyu , Shinde Sachin , Mastan Melinda , Fawzi Wafaie , Tang Kun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe global adolescent population faces the challenge of the double burden of malnutrition (DBM), characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and overweight/obesity, including diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This dual challenge, prevalent across various socio-economic backgrounds, necessitates double-duty actions, i.e., integrated interventions designed to concurrently address both sets of conditions. These actions are critical for fostering the overall health and well-being of adolescents. The objective of this review is to describe the content, setting, and delivery mechanisms of double-duty actions, synthesize their impacts on adolescents’ nutritional status, and offer policy and program implications for future interventions.MethodsAs part of this scoping review, we will conduct a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, to identify relevant interventions, programs, policies, guidelines, evaluation studies, and strategies targeting DBM among adolescents aged 10–19 years. Inclusion criteria encompass a range of evidence sources with methodologically sound and well-described study designs. All full-text articles and abstracts will be independently screened by two reviewers to ensure a comprehensive inclusion of papers that align with the established criteria. The final protocol is available on Open Science Forum (https://osf.io/kxapb).DiscussionAddressing DBM through integrated double-duty actions is crucial for achieving global nutrition and public health goals. However, challenges persist in the form of uncoordinated efforts, lack of comprehensive evidence for what interventions work among adolescents, and the need for context-specific strategies to effectively address the heterogeneity of DBM. The results of this scoping review may provide evidence for future policies and interventions, emphasizing integrated, multi-sectoral strategies tailored to the unique needs of the adolescent population.
Lifestyles and academic stress among health sciences students at the National University of Chimborazo, Ecuador: a longitudinal study
Authors: Salazar-Granizo Yolanda E. , Hueso-Montoro César , Caparros-Gonzalez Rafael A. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe significant changes experienced by university students in their training are inherent to educational processes. Social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, online education and the reopening of higher-education institutions produced substantial variations in the lifestyle of university students in health sciences and generated academic stress and perceived stress. This study was conducted at the National University of Chimborazo (UNACH), a public institution located in Riobamba, central Ecuador, the diverse student's population provided an ideal setting for examining the interplay between academic and perceived stress, lifestyle factors, and learning modalities. The research focused on health sciences students across six academic programs. The university's geographical position and demographic characteristics offered a representative sample for investigating these factors within the context changing.AimTo compare academic and perceived stress and university students' lifestyles at two different periods: (1) during the mandatory social confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic with an online learning modality (T1); (2) in the post-pandemic period with a return to face-to-face activities (T2).DesignAn observational, analytical, quantitative, and longitudinal study.ParticipantsStudents from six programs (Nursing, Physiotherapy, Clinical Laboratory, Medicine, Dentistry, and Clinical Psychology) from the Faculty of Health of the National University of Chimborazo-Ecuador (n = 2,237) participated voluntarily, the students had one mean age of M = 21.31 (SD = 2.36) at T1 and M = 22.94 (SD = 2.40) at T2. Non-probability convenience sampling was employed due to the accessibility of the student population and the importance of including the maximum number of relevant individuals within the study population.MethodsThe following instruments were used: Nola Pender's Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire, Cognitive Systemic Inventory for the study of academic stress, and Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale.ResultsIn T1 and T2, students reported high levels of stress, and increased unhealthy lifestyle increased with the return to classrooms. Additionally, upon returning to face-to-face activities (T2), the mean score applied to the responses of Nola Pender's Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire decreased from M = 113.34 (SD = 23.02) to M = 107.2 (SD = 29.70; p &lt; 0.001). There was significant difference (p &lt; 0.001) in academic stress in T1 [M = 66.25 (SD = 15.66)] and T2 [M = 64.00 (SD = 17.91)].ConclusionsUpon returning to university classrooms (T2), the number of students who reported an “unhealthy” lifestyle increased. Academic stress was high in T1 and T2 and was reported higher in online activities during social isolation.
Pretreatment of the urethral mucosa at the tip of the prostate: a retrospective review in preventing stress urinary incontinence after thulium laser enucleation of the prostate
Authors: Liao Yunfeng , Wu Yuting , Zou Junrong , Huang Ruohui , Xia Wei , Yuan Yuanhu , Xiao Rihai , Wang Xiaoning , Wu Gengqing , Zou Xiaofeng , Zhang Guoxi 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveExplore the clinical application value of urethral mucosal pretreatment at the tip of the prostate in preventing stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP).MethodsEighty-seven patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated with ThuLEP from June 2021 to December 2022 were divided into two groups. Of these, 42 patients (group A) underwent conventional ThuLEP and 45 patients (group B) were enucleated after pretreatment of the urethral mucosa. At the tip of the prostate, pretreatment of the urethral mucosa consisted of pushing the gland separately on both sides at the level of the verumontanum and cutting off the mucosa near the external urethral sphincter clockwise and counterclockwise. The perioperative and postoperative follow-up indicators [operation time, hemoglobin reduction, complications, Qmax, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), and post-void residual (PVR) volume] of the two groups of patients were collected and compared. All patients were followed up 1 month after surgery.ResultsAll 87 procedures were successfully completed. There was no significant difference in age and gland size between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). There was no significant difference between operating time and hemoglobin reduction in the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). The Qmax, IPSS, QOL, and PVR volume were significantly improved postoperatively in both groups (P &lt; 0.05). Temporary SUI occurred in both groups [12 cases (28.5%) in group A and 3 cases (6.7%) in group B (P &lt; 0.05)]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of infection and urethral stricture between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionPretreatment of the urethral mucosa before ThuLEP for BPH significantly reduces the incidence of SUI after surgery. This technique, which preconditions the apical urethral mucosa of the prostate, is safe and effective, has few complications, and is worthy of clinical application.
Evaluation of Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Germplasm Collection for Bacterial Wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) Resistance
Authors: Ro Nayoung , Haile Mesfin , Oh Hyeonseok , Ko Ho-Cheol , Yi Jungyoon , Na Young-Wang , Hur Onsook 
Published: August 2024

This study was conducted to identify resistant pepper accessions against the destructive disease bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. A total of 338 pepper (Capsicum species) germplasms collected from different countries and deposited in the National Agrobiodiversity Genebank, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea, were evaluated. The evaluated accessions comprise samples from five distinct species: Capsicum annuum (213), Capsicum baccatum (47), Capsicum chinense (45), Capsicum frutescens (31), and Capsicum chacoense (2). Disease severity scores were recorded over four consecutive weeks and showed an increase in severity from initial inoculation to the end of the evaluation period. A strong correlation was observed between week 1 and 2, as well as between week 3 and 4. Ten resistant pepper accessions were identified. All selected accessions consistently exhibited low disease scores ranging from 0 to 1 throughout the observation period. These accessions belong to C. chinense (2), C. annuum (6), C. chacoense (1), and C. frutescens (1). Accessions such as IT236738 (C. chinense) and IT283498 (C. chinense) were demonstrated to have high resistance, showing no symptoms over all four weeks. Other accessions belonging to C. annuum (IT247232 and IT236340) and C. chacoense (IT158713) maintained a disease score of 0 (no symptoms) for the first three consecutive weeks; however, they developed symptoms with a score of 1 in the fourth week. Other important characteristics of the resistant materials were evaluated, including carotenoids and fruit characteristics. These accessions have important traits beyond resistance to the destructive pepper disease. They will serve as promising resources for breeding resistant pepper varieties against BW to enhance productivity.
Optimizing the Extraction of Protein from Defatted Schizochytrium Cell Residues and Studying the Emulsification Characteristics of Protein
Authors: Yang Yingying , Zhao Xiangying , Liu Liping , Wang Xinyu , Li Ruiguo , Zhang Jiaxiang 
Published: August 2024

In this study, proteins were prepared from Schizochytrium pombe residue after oil extraction using isoelectric point precipitation, and their physicochemical and emulsifying properties were investigated. Our objective was to assess the suitability of these proteins for functional ingredient applications. Through a one-way experiment and optimization using response surface design, the effects of time, temperature, pH, and the material–liquid ratio of NaOH alkaline extraction were explored. The isoelectric point is verified by isoelectric point precipitation; the results revealed that crude protein from Schizochytrium (SCP) is minimally soluble at pH 4.2. Compared with whey protein (WP), it promotes better emulsion stability through the emulsification test. This study suggests that Schizochytrium oil-processing byproducts represent a promising source of protein, with potential applications as functional ingredients, offering implications for the usage of these byproducts in various industries.
Trend in Infective Endocarditis in Bulgaria: Characteristics and Outcome, 17-Years, Single Center Experience
Authors: Dobreva-Yatseva Bistra , Nikolov Fedya , Raycheva Ralitsa , Uchikov Petar , Tokmakova Mariya 
Published: August 2024

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a difficult disease to diagnose and treat, with a persistently high mortality rate. There is a lack of recent data on IE in Bulgaria over the last decades. Methods: This study is retrospective, single-centered, and includes 270 patients diagnosed with IE for the period 2005–2021. We compared two periods, 2005–2015 (n = 119) and 2016–2021 (n = 151), to find the characteristics changes. Results: The study included 177 (65.5%) male patients. In the second period, there is a significant increase in age from 62 (44–73) to 67 (53–75), (p = 0.023); in the Charlson comorbidities index (CCI) from 3 (1–4) to 4 (2–6), (p = 0.000); in cases with chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) from 15 (12.6%) to 55 (36.9%), (p = 0.001); coronary arterial diseases (CADs) from 20 (16.85%) to 44 (29.1%), (p = 0.018); and atrial fibrillation (AF) from 13 (10.9%) to 36 (23.8%), (p = 0.006). Ejection fraction decreased significantly in the second period from 63 (56–70) to 59 (51–66), (p = 0.000). Almost half of the patients 123 (45.6%) had no known predisposing cardiac condition, and 125 (46.3%) had an unknown port of entry. IE was community-acquired in 174 (64.4%), healthcare-associated in 72 (26.7%), and injection-drug-use-related IE in 24 (8.9%). The study population included 183 (67.8%) native valve IE, 85 (31.5%) prosthetic IE, and 2 (0.74%) intracardiac-device-related IE. The hemocultures were positive in 159 (59.6%), and the most frequent pathogenic agent was staphylococci—89 (33.3%) (Staphylococcus aureus—44 (16.5%) and coagulase negative staphylococci—45 (16.8%)). Only 54 (20%) of patients underwent early surgery. The all-cause 30-day mortality rate was 67 (24.8%). There is no significant difference between the two periods in terms of the characteristics listed above. Conclusions: The profile of IE in Bulgaria has changed with increasing age and comorbidity, changing predisposing cardiac conditions, and entry door. The most common pathogen was the Staphylococcus spp. The 30-day mortality rate remains high.
Genomic Analysis of a Novel Torradovirus “Rehmannia Torradovirus Virus”: Two Distinct Variants Infecting Rehmannia glutinosa
Authors: Qin Yanhong , Lu Shuhao , Wen Yi , Li Shaojian , Gao Suxia , Zhang Desheng , Li Xuemeng , Yang Jin , Gu Li , Li Mingjie , Wang Fei , Lu Chuantao 
Published: August 2024

Rehmannia glutinosa, a crucial medicinal plant native to China, is extensively cultivated across East Asia. We used high-throughput sequencing to identify viruses infecting R. glutinosa with mosaic, leaf yellowing, and necrotic symptoms. A novel Torradovirus, which we tentatively named “Rehmannia torradovirus virus” (ReTV), was identified. The complete sequences were obtained through reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 5′ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and Sanger sequencing. The amino acid sequence alignment between the ReTV-52 isolate and known Torradovirus species in the Pro-Pol and coat protein regions were 51.3–73.3% and 37.1–68.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, the amino acid sequence alignment between the ReTV-8 isolate and known Torradovirus species in the Pro-Pol and coat protein regions were 52.7–72.8% and 36.8–67.5%, respectively. The sequence analysis classified ten ReTV strains into two variants. The ReTV-52 genome has two RNA segments of 6939 and 4569 nucleotides, while that of ReTV-8 consists of two RNA segments containing 6889 and 4662 nucleotides. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis showed ReTV strains clustered within the Torradovirus, exhibiting the closet relation to the squash chlorotic leaf spot virus. The RT-PCR results showed a 100% ReTV detection rate in all 60 R. glutinosa samples. Therefore, ReTV should be classified as a novel Torradovirus species. ReTV is potentially dangerous to R. glutinosa, and necessitating monitoring this virus in the field.
Relationship between Mother's Knowledge and Status of Advanced Immunization Completeness in Children Under 2 Years in Karangpandan Community Health Center Working Area
Authors: Darsi Darsi , Wijayanti Wijayanti , Umarianti Tresia 
Published: August 2024

Mother's knowledge about immunization influences the provision of immunization to babies. If the mother's knowledge about immunization is lacking and the mother feels that she does not need immunization, this will affect the schedule, administration and completeness of immunizations for babies, which will have an impact on the emergence of disease in babies.
This research uses quantitative methods with a retrospective approach. The population of this research is all female orphans who are in the Karangpandan Health Center Working Area for the period March 2024, namely 44 toddler’s mom with the sampling technique used Total Sampling. The instruments used were a maternal knowledge questionnaire about advanced immunizations and a KIA book to see the completeness of immunization status.
The statical test using Chi Square test results show the Asymp value. Sig. (2-sided) 0.001 < 0.05, meaning that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, so there is a relationship between the mother's level of knowledge about Advanced Immunization and the Completeness Status of Advanced Immunization for Children Under 2 Years in Karangpandan Community Health Center Working Area.
Robotic Ultrasound and Novel Collagen Analyses for Polycystic Kidney Disease Research Using Mice
Authors: Sussman Caroline R. , Holmes Heather L. , Stiller Alison , Thao Ka , Gregory Adriana V. , Anaam Deema , Meloche Ryan , Mkhaimer Yaman , Wells Harrison H. , Vasconcelos Luiz D. , Urban Matthew W. , Macura Slobodan I. , Harris Peter C. , Kline Timothy L. , Romero Michael F. 
Published: August 2024

Key Points

Robotic ultrasound performed favorably compared with magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating total kidney volume.Collagen evaluation by two novel methods of picrosirius red imaging were more informative than the standard method by brightfield imaging.Findings can improve research by increasing speed and access to total kidney volume determination and sensitivity of collagen assessment.

Background
3D imaging and histology are critical tools for assessing polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in patients and animal models. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides micron resolution but is time consuming and expensive, and access to equipment and expertise is limited. Robotic ultrasound (US) imaging has lower spatial resolution but is faster, more cost-effective, and accessible. Similarly, picrosirius red (PSR) staining and brightfield microscopy are commonly used to assess fibrosis; however, alternative methods have been shown in non-kidney tissues to provide greater sensitivity and more detailed structural characterization.

Methods
In this study, we evaluated the utility of robotic US and alternative methods of quantifying PSR staining for PKD research. We compared longitudinal total kidney volume measurements using US and MR imaging. We additionally compared PSR imaging and quantification using standard brightfield microscopy with that by circularly polarized light with hue analysis and fluorescence imaging analyzed using curvelet transform fiber extraction software for automatic detection of individual collagen fibers.

Results
Increased total kidney volume was detected by US in Pkd1

RC/RC
versus wild-type (WT) at time points spanning from early to established disease. US interobserver variability was greater but allowed scanning in 2–5 minutes/mouse, whereas MR imaging required 20–30 minutes/mouse. While no change in fibrotic index was detected in this cohort of relatively mild disease using brightfield microscopy, polarized light showed fibers skewed thinner in Pkd1

RC/RC
versus WT. Fluorescence imaging showed a higher density of collagen fibers in Pkd1

RC/RC
versus WT, and fibers were thinner and curvier with no change in length. In addition, fiber density was higher in both glomeruli and tubules in Pkd1

RC/RC
, and glomeruli had a higher fiber density than tubules in Pkd1

RC/RC
and trended higher in WT.

Conclusions
These studies show robotic US is a rigorous imaging tool for preclinical PKD research. In addition, they demonstrate the increased sensitivity of polarized and fluorescence analysis of PSR-stained collagen.