bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cattle logic and capital logic: the recalcitrance of transhumance in the establishment of private grazing lands in North West Nigeria
Authors: Oladele O. I. , Yakubu Danlami , Oladele O. J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLivelihoods associated with transhumance cattle production are increasingly decimated and threatened by serious loss of human lives due to increasing competition for resources as driven by cattle logic and capital logic, thus the plan and drive for livestock transformation have been subjected to the recalcitrance of transhumance in Nigeria. This study examined cattle farmers’ willingness and attitude towards the establishment of private grazing lands in Sokoto State Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 457 cattle farmers from 10 Local Government Areas of Sokoto State, from which data were collected through a structured questionnaire and subjected to frequency counts, percentages, mean and standard deviation, Probit regression, and Principal component analysis. The results revealed that cattle farmers have unfavorable attitudes and are unwilling to establish private grazing lands. The determinants of cattle farmers’ willingness and attitude to the establishment of grazing lands overlap and include age (t = 1.97; p < 0.05); marital status (t = -11.35; p < 0.05); educational level (t = -2.73; p < 0.05); credit amount (t = -44.56; p < 0.05); source of credit (t = -5.01; p < 0.05); herd composition (t = -2.20; p < 0.05); attitude (t = 8.82; p < 0.05) and constraints (t = 1.97; p < 0.05). The Principal Component Analysis extracted factors are Factor 1 (Resource utilization), Factor 2 (Environment concerns), Factor 3 (practice suitability), and Factor 4 (cattle productivity) and accounted for 21.59%, 6.93%, 6.20%, 5.35% of the variance respectively; with a cumulative 40.06% variance. These results affirm Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity with a value of X2 = 1991.43, p = 0.00, and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy of 0.835. It is recommended that a clear distinction of logic for curtailing transhumance which is responsible for farmer-herder conflicts be established and limitations of cattle movements defined within their immediate surroundings.
The potential of zebrafish as drug discovery research tool in immune-mediated inflammatory disease
Authors: Smith Carine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImmune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID) prevalence is estimated at 3–7% for Westernised populations, with annual incidence reported at almost 1 in 100 people globally. More recently, drug discovery approaches have been evolving towards more targeted therapies with an improved long-term safety profile, while the requirement for individualisation of medicine in complex conditions such as IMIDs, is acknowledged. However, existing preclinical models—such as cellular and in vivo mammalian models—are not ideal for modern drug discovery model requirements, such as real-time in vivo visualisation of drug effects, logistically feasible safety assessment over the course of a lifetime, or dynamic assessment of physiological changes during disease development. Zebrafish share high homology with humans in terms of proteins and disease-causing genes, with high conservation of physiological processes at organ, tissue, cellular and molecular level. These and other unique attributes, such as high fecundity, relative transparency and ease of genetic manipulation, positions zebrafish as the next major role player in IMID drug discovery. This review provides a brief overview of the suitability of this organism as model for human inflammatory disease and summarises the range of approaches used in zebrafish-based drug discovery research. Strengths and limitations of zebrafish as model organism, as well as important considerations in research study design, are discussed. Finally, under-utilised avenues for investigation in the IMID context are highlighted.
Concurrent ciliary body detachment in patients presenting with serous choroidal detachment following glaucoma surgery
Authors: Barayev Edward , Gal-Or Orly , Gershoni Assaf , Hadayer Amir , Barash David , Bahar Irit , Geffen Noa , Zahavi Alon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To examine the rate of ciliary body detachment in patients with choroidal detachment following glaucoma surgery and its effect on the clinical course, management, and prognosis.

Methods
A prospective observational case-series study. Patients with choroidal detachment following glaucoma surgery in 2018–2019 were included. All underwent complete ophthalmological examination and ultrasound biomicroscopy for evaluation of the presence and extent of ciliary body detachment. Follow-up examinations including ultrasound biomicroscopy scans were performed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months.

Results
Eight patients (8 eyes) were enrolled, 4 male and 4 female, of mean age 72 years (range 60–83). Five patients underwent trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (0.02%), which was combined with phacoemulsification cataract extraction in one; two underwent Ahmed glaucoma valve implantations, and one underwent ab-interno Xen45 gel stent implantation with mitomycin C (0.02%). The mean intraocular pressure was 26.0 ± 7.65 mmHg preoperatively, dropping to 6.9 ± 2.64 mmHg on first postoperative day one. Mean time from surgery to diagnosis of choroidal detachment was 11.6 ± 5.73 days. Ciliary body detachment was identified by ultrasound biomicroscopy in all patients, ranging between one and four quadrants. All patients were treated with topical steroids and cycloplegics; three (37.5%) received oral steroids. No surgical intervention for the choroidal or ciliary body detachments was indicated.

Conclusions
In this real-world prospective study, concurrent ciliary body detachment was identified in all patients who presented with choroidal detachment following glaucoma surgery. This observation may deepen our understanding of the mechanism underlying the hypotony that is often seen after glaucoma surgery.
Microbiology of acute bacterial dacryocystitis: a tertiary institutional experience in South Australia
Authors: Gowda Akash , Tong Jessica Y. , Selva Dinesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To provide a comprehensive microbiological profile of bacterial dacryocystitis in South Australia. By identifying the specific microorganism and antibiotic susceptibility, this study intends to aid ophthalmologists in choosing appropriate empirical antibiotic therapies and development of evidence-based clinical guidelines.

Method
A retrospective study was conducted at the Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH) over five years (2018–2023) of patients with acute dacryocystitis. The study included 43 patients, and data encompassed demographic information, clinical presentation, microbiological analysis, management, and outcomes. Patients with chronic dacryocystitis were excluded.

Results
Among the 43 patients included in the study (female 28 (65%), mean age: 64 years old), the most common clinical features were pain (74%) and swelling (70%). Organisms were identified in 49% of patients, with the predominant bacteria being Staphylococcus aureus (42%), Streptococcus species (19%), and Escherichia coli (8%). Aggregatibacter species (8%), Morganella morganii (4%), Enterobacter cloaceae (4%), Hafnia alvei (4%), mixed anaerobes (4%), E coliforms (4%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%) were also identified. The most frequently prescribed empirical antibiotics were amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (50%), flucloxacillin (33%) and cefalexin (18%).

Conclusion
The microbiological trends of acute dacryocystitis have largely remained consistent, with a predominance of Gram positive organisms. This is the most recent profile analysis of acute dacryocystitis in South Australia and will help form evidence-based clinical guidelines.
DSC and FTIR study on the interaction between pentacyclic triterpenoid lupeol and DPPC membrane
Authors: Altunayar-Unsalan Cisem 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNatural products are a great resource for physiologically active substances. It is widely recognized that a major percentage of current medications are derived from natural compounds or their synthetic analogues. Triterpenoids are widespread in nature and can prevent cancer formation and progression. Despite considerable interest in these triterpenoids, their interactions with lipid bilayers still need to be thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study is to examine the interactions of lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, with model membranes composed of 1,2‑dipalmitoyl‑sn‑glycerol‑3‑phosphocholine (DPPC) by using non-invasive techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The DSC study demonstrated that the incorporation of lupeol into DPPC membranes shifts the Lβ′-to-Pβ′ and Pβ′-to-Lα phase transitions toward lower values, and a loss of main phase transition cooperativity is observed. The FTIR spectra indicated that the increasing concentration (10 mol%) of lupeol causes an increase in the molecular packing and membrane fluidity. In addition, it is found that lupeol’s OH group preferentially interacts with the head group region of the DPPC lipid bilayer. These findings provide detailed information on the effect of lupeol on the DPPC head group and the conformation and dynamics of the hydrophobic chains. In conclusion, the effect of lupeol on the structural features of the DPPC membrane, specifically phase transition and lipid packing, has implications for understanding its biological function and its applications in biotechnology and medicine.
A statistical boundary for 3D rarefied flows through meshes: implementation to a new version of dsmcFoam+ and wind tunnel validation
Authors: Staszak Tristan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method has become a standard tool for rarefied aerodynamics and microchannel flows. However, the performance benefits of DSMC, such as adaptive grid sizes and number of particles, are constrained by the need to resolve small geometric details of mesh applications within relatively large simulation volumes. The requirement for a sufficient number of particles in even the smallest cells imposes a significant computational burden. A novel set of cyclic statistical boundary conditions is proposed to address the computational bottleneck associated with simulating micrometre-scale structures prevalent in atmospheric and space research under rarefied flow conditions. These conditions account for the geometric parameters of a geometric mesh and the angular dependency of impacting particles, aiming to alleviate the computational challenges posed by conventional approaches. Validation against wind tunnel measurements demonstrates excellent agreement for one of the implemented boundaries, able to simulate fine meshes for conditions of rocket soundings in the Mesosphere. The newly developed boundary conditions are implemented within the advanced DSMC solver, dsmcFoam+ framework. For this study, the solver is ported from OpenFOAM® version 2.4.0 to the OpenFOAM® version v2306 to leverage recent code developments, particularly in dynamic meshes, load balancing, and barycentric particle tracking. This advancement enhances the capabilities of DSMC simulations, offering improved fidelity and accuracy in capturing rarefied flow phenomena.
Structural and optical properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 nanocrystals thin film
Authors: Kişnişci Zeynep , Özel Faruk , Tuğluoğlu Nihat , Yüksel Ömer Faruk 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we analyzed the structural and optical properties of quaternary semiconductor Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) thin film. For this purpose, the structural properties of CZTSe thin film were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CZTSe nanocrystals (NCs) were formed in the kesterite phase and with good crystallinity. Optical characterization of thin film was investigated using spectroscopic measurements. Optical parameters of CZTSe film coated using the spin coating technique were determined by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy. The refractive index, extinction coefficient, and dielectric constant of the thin film were calculated using transmittance and reflectance data. Moreover, dispersion parameters such as oscillator energy, and dispersion energy were obtained by the Wemple DiDomenico model. For CZTSe film in the visible wavelength region, the transmission has values of 70–75%. The thin film of CZTSe has a direct band gap of 1.4 eV which is suitable for absorbed layer for solar cell.
Specialized metabolites of the genus Zephyranthes Herb.: a critical review on taxonomy and phytochemistry
Authors: Šafratová Marcela , Vrabec Rudolf , Blunden Gerald , Cahlíková Lucie , Křoustková Jana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article is a critical review of the taxonomy and phytochemistry of the genus Zephyranthes Herb., a group of plants known for their beautiful flowers and traditional medicinal uses. The present review summarizes the occurrence, isolation, and identification of specialized metabolites, which have recently been frequently studied because of their important biological activities. Among the accepted 203 species, only 27 have been phytochemically investigated. This paper provides an overview of the different types of specialized metabolites identified in these plants and considers problematic taxonomic evolution within this species. The differences between two internationally recognized databases, which classify only 41% of the species in the same way, are briefly summarized. In addition, there are many reports on their metabolites, especially alkaloids, but some of the data in the literature are occasionally inaccurate and sometimes even erroneous. This critical review aims to discuss, summarize, and evaluate up-to-date (up to July of 2023) information about metabolites of the genus Zephyranthes, focusing on phytochemistry and taxonomy.
Graphical abstract
Formal subtext analysis (FSA) in narrative interviewing
Authors: Ignatyev Yuriy , Klimczak Peter , Endres Ralph , Heinze Martin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the framework of the plot theory of the Russian-Estonian semiotician Juri Lotman, a text is only considered narrative and eventful if it contains “…a fact which takes place, though it need not have taken place”. In this respect, Lotman models the event on the basis of description and prescription. This approach can be seen as a functional method for reconstructing the subtext. In previous studies, Lotman's event was considered a contradiction using predicate logical statements that do not allow error-free formal conclusions. However, the correct conclusions could be deduced based on deontic remodeling and its extension to the modal model of the possible worlds. In this way, the subtext of narrative texts could be formally deductible and the interpretation calculable. The aim of our study was to demonstrate this reformulation of Lotman’s event model and to discuss its application as an extension of Qualitative Comparative Analysis of narrative texts from qualitative interviews, one of the basic methods of data collection employed in qualitative research. The proposed model, named formal subtext analysis is illustrated by analyzing a narrative interview with a doctor from a German mental health clinic.
Estimating the elasticity of substitution when compiling the CES cost of living index on scanner data
Authors: Białek Jacek , Pawelec Natalia , Roszkowska Sylwia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractScanner data are electronic transaction data that specify turnover and the number of items sold by barcodes, e.g., the Global Trade Article Number. These data are of particular value and interest to theorists and practitioners who wish to measure the Cost of Living Index or the Consumer Price Index, since their complete content makes it possible to compute any price index formula, including superlative indices or CES (Constant Elasticity Substitution) indices. Since the CES index requires the estimation of the elasticity of substitution, this paper focuses on verifying various methods of estimating this parameter based on scanner data. The paper considers both algebraic methods and methods based on the panel regression approach. The main achievement of the paper is the separation of the main factors that affect the estimated value of the elasticity of substitution, i.e., the type of data filter used and the level of data aggregation. The paper also verifies how the elasticity of substitution estimates affect the differences between the values of the CES indices based on these estimates.
Carving teleology at its joints
Authors: Beni Majid D. , Friston Karl 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the conceptualisation and measurement of goal-directedness. Drawing inspiration from Ernst Mayr’s demarcation between multiple meanings of teleology, we propose a refined approach that delineates different kinds of teleology/teleonomy based on the temporal depth of generative models of self-organising systems that evince free energy minimisation.
LCA applied to comparative environmental evaluation of aggregate production from recycled waste materials and virgin sources
Authors: Linares Rafael , López-Uceda Antonio , Piccinali Andrea , Martínez-Ruedas Cristina , Galvín Adela P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNowadays, all productive sectors, including the construction industry, are facing the challenge of reducing their environmental impact. To achieve this objective, numerous actions are being carried out to access greater levels of environmental and economic sustainability. Techniques as Life Cycle Assessment contribute to quantifying environmental impacts, promoting a circular economy in a sector that consumes a high volume of resources, materials, and energy while generating large amounts of gaseous, liquid, or solid emissions. The present study aims to deepen our understanding of aspects that demonstrate the benefits of using RA instead of natural aggregates. This study not only quantifies the environmental impact but also explores the effects of potential improvements in the productive system and their impact on reducing environmental harm. The Life Cycle Assessment methodology is applied to quantify and compare the environmental impacts generated in the production of a ton of mixed recycled aggregates (MRA) from construction and demolition wastes, based on the data provided by plant managers. This is compared to the environmental impacts generated in the production of one ton of natural aggregates extracted from a quarry. The results revealed that the production of mixed recycled aggregate is more environmentally beneficial, confirming a reduction of 70.66% in environmental impacts during the production of recycled aggregates, in comparison to the natural aggregates extraction. Furthermore, the economic analysis demonstrates the economic advantage since the cost of producing recycled aggregates is over 30% cheaper than natural aggregates, being more competitive even when the transportation distances from the plant to the work sites exceed those of natural aggregates.
Graphical Abstract
Energy from waste biomass: an LCA study on a biofuel cell at early design stage
Authors: Rossi Eleonora , Cespi Daniele , Maggiore Irene , Setti Leonardo , Passarini Fabrizio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiversifying energy sources and managing waste biomass are two pressing contemporary issues. The new technology proposed in this study aims to address both by converting waste biomass into energy and fertilizer through the use of a biofuel cell (BFC). The purpose of this study is to assess the environmental impacts associated with this innovative technology through a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). To achieve the goal, the production and use of the cell were modelled, considering both laboratory-scale operations and industrial-scale approximations. The study explored alternative scenarios, such as sensitivity analyses involving different acids and bases, renewable energy sources, and heat recovery. Comparisons with conventional biomass waste treatments (anaerobic digestion and composting) demonstrated that the BFC technology remains competitive. To further improve the BFC’s environmental footprint, efforts should focus on reducing energy requirements and enhancing nutrient recovery during scale-up. These insights are crucial for advancing sustainable waste treatment technologies and maximizing the potential of discarded biomass in an environmentally friendly manner.
Safety of propofol sedation administered by interventional radiologists for radiofrequency ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kimura Shintaro , Sone Miyuki , Sugawara Shunsuke , Itou Chihiro , Ozawa Mizuki , Sato Tetsufumi , Matsui Yoshiyuki , Arai Yasuaki , Kusumoto Masahiko 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the safety of propofol sedation administered by interventional radiologists during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials and methods
Propofol sedation was administered by interventional radiologists in 72 patients (85 procedures, 93 tumors) during RFA for HCC between August 2018 and December 2020. Interventional radiologists equipped with adequate knowledge and skills in sedation and respiratory management were responsible for sedation. Sedation was carefully assessed based on vital signs, including end-tidal carbon dioxide, consciousness status, and bispectral index. The primary endpoint was the incidence of sedation-related complications, which were evaluated separately as respiratory and cardiovascular complications. Secondary endpoints were technical success rate, ablation-related complications, and local tumor control rate. Technical success was defined as completion of ablation in the planned area. Complications were evaluated using the Clavien–Dindo classification. Sedation-related complications, technical success rate, and ablation-related complications were evaluated on a procedure basis, and local tumor control was evaluated on a tumor basis.

Results
Respiratory and cardiovascular complications were observed in eight (8/85, 9.4%) and two (2/85, 2.4%) patients, respectively. Four patients required the jaw thrust maneuver due to glossoptosis, whereas a decrease in oxygen saturation to < 90% was recorded in the other four patients. However, these were temporary, and none required manual ventilation or endotracheal intubation. Bradycardia (< 50 bpm) was detected in two patients; one recovered immediately without treatment, whereas the other rapidly improved after atropine sulfate administration. No severe hypotension (< 80 mmHg) was observed. The technical success rate was 100% (85/85). Grade 3 ablation-related complications were identified in three patients (3/85, 3.5%). The local tumor control rate was 95.7% (89/93).

Conclusion
Propofol sedation can be safely administered by interventional radiologists during RFA for HCC. Although it requires special safety considerations, it may be a sedation option during hepatic RFA.