bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy harvesting for a wireless‐monitoring system of overhead high‐voltage power lines
Authors: Zhao Xinming , Keutel Thomas , Baldauf Marc , Kanoun Olfa 
Published: May 2013

For electric power transmission the overhead power line monitoring system plays an important role in operating security for grid operators as well as high supply availability at optimised cost. In this study, an approach to harvesting energy from the electric field around the conductor to supply the wireless sensor nodes was investigated. Special requirements in functionality, reliability and limited accessibility at the power line result in the development of a specific energy management strategy. A prototype of the power module was realised and tested under high voltage laboratory conditions. Then, a field test was carried out under real operating conditions. The test results confirm that the power module can collect enough energy to power the sensor nodes. The contribution in this study presents theoretical considerations of energy availability from the electric field, design of energy management and results from measurements with the prototype in a high voltage laboratory and in field test. The field test results demonstrate that the energy harvester can collect enough energy to power the sensor nodes by 16 mW.
Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the
scientific literature
Authors: Cook John , Nuccitelli Dana , Green Sarah A , Richardson Mark , Winkler Bärbel , Painting Rob , Way Robert , Jacobs Peter , Skuce Andrew 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
We analyze the evolution of the scientific consensus on anthropogenic global warming
(AGW) in the peer-reviewed scientific literature, examining 11 944 climate abstracts
from 1991–2011 matching the topics ‘global climate change’ or ‘global warming’. We
find that 66.4% of abstracts expressed no position on AGW, 32.6% endorsed AGW, 0.7%
rejected AGW and 0.3% were uncertain about the cause of global warming. Among
abstracts expressing a position on AGW, 97.1% endorsed the consensus position that
humans are causing global warming. In a second phase of this study, we invited
authors to rate their own papers. Compared to abstract ratings, a smaller percentage
of self-rated papers expressed no position on AGW (35.5%). Among self-rated papers
expressing a position on AGW, 97.2% endorsed the consensus. For both abstract ratings
and authors’ self-ratings, the percentage of endorsements among papers expressing a
position on AGW marginally increased over time. Our analysis indicates that the
number of papers rejecting the consensus on AGW is a vanishingly small proportion of
the published research.
Effect of Perioperative Intravenous Lidocaine Administration on Pain, Opioid Consumption, and Quality of Life after Complex Spine Surgery
Authors: Farag Ehab , Ghobrial Michael , Sessler Daniel I. , Dalton Jarrod E. , Liu Jinbo , Lee Jae H. , Zaky Sherif , Benzel Edward , Bingaman William , Kurz Andrea 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background:
The authors tested the primary hypothesis that perioperative IV lidocaine administration during spine surgery (and in the postanesthesia care unit for no more than 8 h) decreases pain and/or opioid requirements in the initial 48 postoperative hours. Secondary outcomes included major complications, postoperative nausea and vomiting, duration of hospitalization, and quality of life.

Methods:
One hundred sixteen adults having complex spine surgery were randomly assigned to perioperative IV lidocaine (2 mg·kg−1·h−1) or placebo during surgery and in the postanesthesia care unit. Pain was evaluated with a verbal response scale. Quality of life at 1 and 3 months was assessed using the Acute Short-form (SF) 12 health survey. The authors initially evaluated multivariable bidirectional noninferiority on both outcomes; superiority on either outcome was then evaluated only if noninferiority was established.

Results:
Lidocaine was significantly superior to placebo on mean verbal response scale pain scores (P < 0.001; adjusted mean [95% CI] of 4.4 [4.2-4.7] and 5.3 [5.0-5.5] points, respectively) and significantly noninferior on mean morphine equivalent dosage (P = 0.011; 55 [36-84] and 74 [49-111] mg, respectively). Postoperative nausea and vomiting and the duration of hospitalization did not differ significantly. Patients given lidocaine had slightly fewer 30-day complications than patients given placebo (odds ratio [95% CI] of 0.91 [0.84–1.00]; P = 0.049). Patients given lidocaine had significantly greater SF-12 physical composite scores than placebo at 1 (38 [31–47] vs. 33 [27–42]; P = 0.002) and 3 (39 [31–49] vs. 34 [28–44]; P = 0.04) months, postoperatively.

Conclusion:
IV lidocaine significantly improves postoperative pain after complex spine surgery.
Automated Alerting and Recommendations for the Management of Patients with Preexisting Hypoxia and Potential Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Blum James M. , Stentz Michael J. , Maile Michael D. , Jewell Elizabeth , Raghavendran Krishnan , Engoren Milo , Ehrenfeld Jesse M. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background:
Acute lung injury (ALI) is associated with high mortality. Low tidal volume (Vt) ventilation has been shown to reduce mortality in ALI patients in the intensive care unit. Anesthesiologists do not routinely provide lung-protective ventilation strategies to patients with ALI in the operating room. The authors hypothesized that an alert, recommending lung-protective ventilation regarding patients with potential ALI, would result in lower Vt administration.

Methods:
The authors conducted a randomized controlled trial on anesthesia providers caring for patients with potential ALI. Patients with an average or last collected ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to inspired fraction of oxygen less than 300 were randomized to providers being sent an alert with a recommended Vt of 6 cc/kg predicted body weight or conventional care. Primary outcomes were Vt/kg predicted body weight administered to patients. Secondary outcomes included ventilator parameters, length of postoperative ventilation, and death.

Results:
The primary outcome was a clinically significant reduction in mean Vt from 508–458 cc (P = 0.033), with a reduction in Vt when measured in cc/kg predicted body weight from 8 to 7.2 cc/kg predicted body weight (P = 0.040). There were no statistically significant changes in other outcomes or adverse events associated with either arm.

Conclusions:
Automated alerts generated for patients at risk of having ALI resulted in a statistically significant reduction in Vt administered when compared with a control group. Further research is required to determine whether a reduction in Vt results in decreased mortality and/or postoperative duration of mechanical ventilation.
miR-21 Contributes to Xenon-conferred Amelioration of Renal Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Mice
Authors: Jia Ping , Teng Jie , Zou Jianzhou , Fang Yi , Zhang Xiaoyan , Bosnjak Zeljko J. , Liang Mingyu , Ding Xiaoqiang 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background:
MicroRNAs participate in the regulation of numerous physiological and disease processes. The in vivo role of microRNAs in anesthetics-conferred organoprotection is unknown.

Methods:
Mice were exposed for 2 h to either 70% xenon, or 70% nitrogen, 24 h before the induction of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The role of microRNA, miR-21, in renal protection conferred by the delayed xenon preconditioning was examined using in vivo knockdown of miR-21 and analysis of miR-21 target pathways.

Results:
Xenon preconditioning provided morphologic and functional protection against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (n = 6), characterized by attenuation of renal tubular damage, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Xenon preconditioning significantly increased the expression of miR-21 in the mouse kidney. A locked nucleic acid-modified anti–miR-21, given before xenon preconditioning, knocked down miR-21 effectively, and exacerbated subsequent renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mice treated with anti–miR-21 and ischemia-reperfusion injury showed significantly higher serum creatinine than antiscrambled oligonucleotides-treated mice, 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion (1.37 ± 0.28 vs. 0.81 ± 0.14 mg/dl; n = 5; P < 0.05). Knockdown of miR-21 induced significant up-regulation of programmed cell death protein 4 and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10, two proapoptotic target effectors of miR-21, and resulted in significant down-regulation of phosphorylated protein kinase B and increased tubular cell apoptosis. In addition, xenon preconditioning up-regulated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and its downstream effector vascular endothelial growth factor in a time-dependent manner. Knockdown of miR-21 resulted in a significant decrease of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α.

Conclusions:
These results indicate that miR-21 contributes to the renoprotective effect of xenon preconditioning.
Inactivation of Plasma Membrane–Localized CDPK-RELATED KINASE5 Decelerates PIN2 Exocytosis and Root Gravitropic Response inArabidopsis
Authors: Rigó Gábor , Ayaydin Ferhan , Tietz Olaf , Zsigmond Laura , Kovács Hajnalka , Páy Anikó , Salchert Klaus , Darula Zsuzsanna , Medzihradszky Katalin F. , Szabados László , Palme Klaus , Koncz Csaba , Cséplő Ágnes 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCRK5 is a member of the Arabidopsis thaliana Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase-related kinase family. Here, we show that inactivation of CRK5 inhibits primary root elongation and delays gravitropic bending of shoots and roots. Reduced activity of the auxin-induced DR5–green fluorescent protein reporter suggests that auxin is depleted from crk5 root tips. However, no tip collapse is observed and the transcription of genes for auxin biosynthesis, AUXIN TRANSPORTER/AUXIN TRANSPORTER-LIKE PROTEIN (AUX/LAX) auxin influx, and PIN-FORMED (PIN) efflux carriers is unaffected by the crk5 mutation. Whereas AUX1, PIN1, PIN3, PIN4, and PIN7 display normal localization, PIN2 is depleted from apical membranes of epidermal cells and shows basal to apical relocalization in the cortex of the crk5 root transition zone. This, together with an increase in the number of crk5 lateral root primordia, suggests facilitated auxin efflux through the cortex toward the elongation zone. CRK5 is a plasma membrane–associated kinase that forms U-shaped patterns facing outer lateral walls of epidermis and cortex cells. Brefeldin inhibition of exocytosis stimulates CRK5 internalization into brefeldin bodies. CRK5 phosphorylates the hydrophilic loop of PIN2 in vitro, and PIN2 shows accelerated accumulation in brefeldin bodies in the crk5 mutant. Delayed gravitropic response of the crk5 mutant thus likely reflects defective phosphorylation of PIN2 and deceleration of its brefeldin-sensitive membrane recycling.
Literature review writing: how information is selected and transformed
Authors: Jaidka Kokil , Khoo Christopher S.G. , Na Jin‐Cheon 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to report a study of researchers' preferences in selecting information from cited papers to include in a literature review, and the kinds of transformations and editing applied to the selected information.Design/methodology/approachThis is a part of a larger project to develop an automatic summarization method that emulates human literature review writing behaviour. Research questions were: how are literature reviews written – where do authors select information from, what types of information do they select and how do they transform it? What is the relationship between styles of literature review (integrative and descriptive) and each of these variables (source sections, types of information and types of transformation)? The authors analysed the literature review sections of 20 articles from the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2001‐2008, to answer these questions. Referencing sentences were mapped to 279 source papers to determine the source sentences. The type of information selected, the sections of source papers where the information was taken from, and the types of editing changes made to include in the literature review were analyzed.FindingsIntegrative literature reviews contain more research result information and critique, and reference more information from the results and conclusion sections of the source papers. Descriptive literature reviews contain more research method information, and reference more information from the abstract and introduction sections. The most common kind of transformation is the high‐level summary, though descriptive literature reviews have more cut‐pasting, especially for information taken from the abstract. The types of editing – substitutions, insertions and deletions – applied to the source sentences are identified.Practical implicationsThe results are useful in the teaching of literature review writing, and indicate ways for automatic summarization systems to emulate human literature review writing.Originality/valueThough there have been several studies of abstracts and abstracting, there are few studies of literature reviews and literature review writing. Little is known about how writers select information from source papers, integrate it and present it in a literature review. This paper fills some of the gaps.
Copper coating electrodeposited directly onto AZ31 magnesium alloy
Authors: Zhu Ping , You Wang Liang , Ren Qian Guang , Hua Cao Tie , Zhou Ming 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the electrodeposition of copper coatings directly onto AZ31 magnesium alloy, considered as a substrate of electroplating nickel. The additive, pH, complexing agent, current density, time, and temperature of electrolytic bath were studied to understand electrodepositing copper coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy.Design/methodology/approachElectrodeposition of copper was carried out in an aqueous solution containing copper hydroxide, citrate, and fluorine ion, which avoids the replacement or corrosion of the magnesium alloy. The morphology, structure, and interface of the electrodeposited copper coating were investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM).FindingsThe copper coating was dense, and there was good adhesion of the copper coating on the AZ31 magnesium alloy. This suggests that successful deposition of copper using an electroplating process could decrease the cost of coating AZ31 magnesium alloy.Practical implicationsThis paper will be helpful for the development of coating on magnesium alloy using electroplating processes.Originality/valueCopper hydroxide and citrate were the main compositions of the electrolyte, combined with sodium poly dipropyl (SP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as brightening agents and can be used to electrodeposit copper directly onto AZ31 magnesium alloy.
Labelling and sustainability in food supply networks
Authors: Banterle Alessandro , Cereda Eleonora , Fritz Melanie 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on two aspects. First, to analyse the spread of labelled environmental certification in food products, considering both private labels and producer brands with reference to the Italian and German markets. Second, to outline how environmental certification can affect the vertical organisation of food supply chains.Design/methodology/approachThe method used is based on an empirical analysis carried out in two sample cities: Milan for Italy and Bonn for Germany, examining ten and seven retailers, respectively, using the case studies approach, through an ad hoc questionnaire. The authors analysed two cases related to fruit and vegetables and ichthyic products, in order to assess the effect of the standards provided by the sustainability certification on the vertical organisation of the supply chains.FindingsThe certifications focus on three main areas: ichthyic products; tropical products; and fruits and vegetables. They are much more widespread on private label items, rather than on the industrial brands. The German market is more “sensitive” to sustainability issues than the Italian market. Environmental certification leads to a reorganisation of the supply chain relationships, determining a higher bilateral dependency among the supply chain agents, a reduction in product uncertainty, and an increased degree of vertical coordination.Originality/valueThe paper analyses, through a new perspective, the environmental issues of food products, quantifying the spread of labelled environmental certification and comparing Italy and Germany. The vertical reorganisation of the supply chains involved the adoption of production rules, connected to environmentally‐friendly practices, and the introduction of a new form of transaction governance.
Web 2.0 technologies in libraries: a survey of periodical literature published by Emerald
Authors: Singh K.P. , Singh Gill Malkeet 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the growth and development of periodical literature on Web 2.0 technologies and their other fields.Design/methodology/approachBibliographic data of the articles published in the 13 leading peer‐reviewed journals are obtained from the Emerald database (www.emeraldinsight.com) directly using such keywords as “Web 2.0”, “blogs”, “wikis”, “RSS”, “social networking sites”, “podcasts”, “Mashup”, and multimedia sharing tools, i.e. YouTube and Flickr. The bibliographical surrogates such as author, title, subtitle, source, issue, volume, pages, etc. were recorded in MS‐Excel (2010) sheet for the analysis and interpretation of data. A bibliography of selected articles is provided.FindingsThe study found 206 research articles on the subject published in 13 leading library and information science journals of Emerald for period 2007‐2011. Further, the study found that 2009 was the most productive year with 69 articles. The study observedOnline Information Reviewpublished 49 articles, and hence can be considered the core journal on the topic. Mike Thelwall from the UK was found to be the most prolific author, having authored or co‐authored five articles.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was based on 206 research articles published during the years 2007‐2011. The study was restricted to this period because the Web 2.0 concept was originated during 2004‐2005 and the undertaken period has sufficient published literature on the topic.Originality/valueThe paper provides reliable and authentic information on the subject. This is the first study on this topic.
Feasibility and acceptability of fructooligosaccharide substituted popular Indian foods
Authors: Mahendra Aakanksha , Sheth Mini 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe research aims to study the feasibility and acceptability trials of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) substituted popular Indian foods.Design/methodology/approachFour Indian food items namely chapati, thepla, dhokla and patra were prepared. Wheat flour in chapati and thepla was substituted with FOS at four levels, i.e. 3 g, 5 g, 8 g and 10 g. Bengal gram in dhokla and patra was substituted with FOS at 3 levels, i.e. 5, 8 and 10 g. Ten semi‐trained panel members evaluated the recipes in triplicates using ten point numerical scoring test and difference test.FindingsA significant reduction in all organoleptic attributes of chapati and thepla (p<0.001) was observed with the increase in level of substitution up to 10 g. A non‐significant increase in all the attributes was observed with the increase in level of FOS substitution in patra. For chapatis the most affected attribute were chewability, breakability and overall acceptability. For thepla there was 8.13 percent reduction in the overall acceptability. Dhokla and patra were acceptable at all the three levels of substitution. Using difference test a significant difference (p<0.05, p<0.01) was observed in the color and taste of chapatti. For thepla significant difference was observed in the organoleptic attributes like color and overall acceptability. However, no significant difference was noticed for dhokla and patra substituted with FOS.Practical implicationsThe present study has opened a new avenue for preparation of commonly consumed FOS incorporated Indian food products.Originality/valueThis is original research which can benefit general and specific population.
Impact of contrasting food sources on health versus environment
Authors: Adams Robert B. , Demmig‐Adams Barbara 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this review is to compare the impact of modern food production on human health with their impact on the sustainability of food production.Design/methodology/approachThis review includes up‐to‐date information from the original literature on human nutrition as well as ecosystem ecology and presents findings in a manner accessible to both experts and non‐experts.FindingsThe evidence reviewed here indicates that modern livestock rearing and modern plant crop production both lead to adverse effects on not only human health but also on the sustainability of food production. It is concluded that different approaches are needed that increase the potential to produce healthful meat products as well as healthful plant crops – while simultaneously promoting sustainable food production and eliminating the need for pesticide use.Practical implicationsThe studies reviewed suggest that the prevalence of chronic human diseases and disorders could be drastically lowered by adopting different approaches to food production, which would simultaneously protect continuing food production for human society.Originality/valueThis article provides accessible and comprehensive information to researchers, nutritionists, and consumers interested in human nutrition in its own right and in relationship to sustainable food production.
Caffeine effect on exercise performance and disease issues: an updated mini review
Authors: Platritis Panayiotis , Andreou Eleni , Papandreou Dimitrios 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe paper aims to describe the effects of caffeine intake on exercise performance as well on diabetes, cirrhosis and asthma.Design/methodology/approachThe review includes the most updated studies found in Pub‐Med all of which are in relation to caffeine and exercise performance as well as its effects on disease issues.FindingsThe majority of studies show that caffeine ingestion of about 6 mg of body weight mass may have a positive effect on endurance and anaerobic exercise performance. In addition, if it is consumed together with carbohydrates, it may also improve post‐recovery glycogen synthesis. Intake of caffeine was also found to have a positive effect on the prevention of liver cirrhosis, reducing asthma attacks and lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes.Originality/valueThe paper gives information to nutritionists, clinical dietitians and sports nutritionists on the newest data about the effects of caffeine on exercise performance and disease issues.