bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of recurrence and metastasis of different surgical techniques for non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Huang Xiongfeng , Zhu Donghong , Cao Yaoxing , Li Weijuan , Lai Jinxing , Ren Yuxi 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionLung cancer remains the primary cause of cancer-related deaths on a global scale. Surgery is the main therapeutic option for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the optimal surgical approach for lymph node assessment in NSCLC resection remains controversial, and it is still uncertain whether lymph node dissection (LND) is more effective in reducing recurrence and metastasis rates in NSCLC compared with lymph node sampling (LNS). Therefore, we will conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the recurrence and metastasis of LND versus LNS in patients with NSCLC.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: The PRISMA Statement. According to the predefined inclusion criteria, we will conduct a comprehensive search for randomised controlled trials and non-randomised studies examining the recurrence and metastasis of LND compared with LNS in patients with NSCLC. A literature search from inception in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, SINOMED, VIP and Web of Science will be done. There will be no limitations on language, and the search will be undertaken on 30 August 2024, with regular search for new studies. Additionally, relevant literature references will be retrieved and hand-searching of pertinent journals will be conducted. The main outcomes include overall recurrence rate, local recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate. The supplementary outcomes encompass the rates of regional recurrence and lymph node metastasis. Two independent reviewers will perform screening, data extraction and quality assessment. Our reviewers will perform subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis to evaluate the heterogeneity and robustness. Review Manager 5.4 will be applied in analysing and synthesising. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to assess the quality of evidence for the whole study.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is dispensable for this study since no private information of the participants will be involved. The findings of the present study will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentation.Study registrationThe protocol of the systematic review has been registered on Open Science Framework, with a registration doi:https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/S2FT5.
Strategies for adapting under pressure: an interview study in intensive care units
Authors: Page Bethan , Irving Dulcie , Carthey Jane , Welch John , Higham Helen , Vincent Charles 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundHealthcare systems are operating under substantial pressures. Clinicians and managers are constantly having to make adaptations, which are typically improvised, highly variable and not coordinated across teams. This study aimed to identify and describe the types of everyday pressures in intensive care and the adaptive strategies staff use to respond, with the longer-term aim of developing practical and coordinated strategies for managing under pressure.MethodsWe conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with 20 senior multidisciplinary healthcare professionals from intensive care units (ICUs) in 4 major hospitals in the UK. The interviews explored the everyday pressures faced by intensive care staff and the strategies they use to adapt. A thematic template analysis approach was used to analyse the data based on our previously empirically developed taxonomy of pressures and strategies.ResultsThe principal source of pressure described was a shortage of staff with the necessary skills and experience to care for the increased numbers and complexity of patients which, in turn, increased staff workload and reduced patient flow. Strategies were categorised into anticipatory (in advance of anticipated pressures) and on the day. The dynamic and unpredictable demands on ICUs meant that strategies were mostly deployed on the day, most commonly by flexing staff, prioritisation of patients and tasks and increasing modes of communication and support.ConclusionsICU staff use a wide variety of adaptive strategies at times of pressure to minimise risk and maintain a reasonable standard of care for patients. These findings provide the foundation for a portfolio of strategies, which can be flexibly employed when under pressure. There is considerable potential for training clinical leaders and teams in the effective use of adaptive strategies.
Diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive cardiac imaging modalities in patients with a history of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: Jukema Ruurt A , Dahdal Jorge , Kooijman Eline M , Wahedi Ellaha , de Winter Ruben W , Guglielmo Marco , Cramer Maarten Jan , van der Harst Pim , Remmelzwaal Sharon , Raijmakers Pieter , Knaapen Paul , Danad Ibrahim 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe diagnostic performance of non-invasive imaging techniques for detecting obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with a history of myocardial infarction or percutaneous coronary intervention has not been comprehensively evaluated. This meta-analysis assesses the diagnostic value of coronary CT angiography (CCTA), CCTA combined with CT perfusion (CCTA+CTP), cardiac MRI (CMR) and single-photon emission CT (SPECT) compared with invasive reference standards.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from 2005 to September 2022 for prospective, blinded studies including populations with ≥50% prior CAD.ResultsWe identified 18 studies encompassing 3265 patients, with obstructive CAD present in 64%. The per-patient sensitivity of CCTA (0.95; 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98), CCTA+CTP (0.93; 95% CI 0.84 to 0.98) and CMR (0.91; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.94) was high, while SPECT showed lower sensitivity (0.63; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.73). SPECT had higher specificity compared with CCTA (0.66; 95% CI 0.56 to 0.76 vs 0.37; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.46), but was comparable to CCTA+CTP (0.59; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.69) and CMR (0.69; 95% CI 0.53 to 0.81). The area under the curve for SPECT was the lowest (0.70; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.87), while CCTA (0.91; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.98), CCTA+CTP (0.89; 95% CI 0.73 to 1.00) and CMR (0.91; 95% CI 0.80 to 1.00) showed similar high values.ConclusionsIn patients with prior CAD, CCTA, CCTA+CTP and CMR demonstrated high diagnostic performance, whereas SPECT had lower sensitivity. These findings can guide the selection of non-invasive imaging techniques in this high-risk population.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022322348.
Long-term prognostic value of contemporary stress echocardiography in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ihekwaba Ugochukwu , Johnson Nicholas , Choi Ji Soo , Savarese Gianluigi , Orsini Nicola , Khoo Jeffrey , Squire Iain , Kardos Attila 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundLong-term outcome of contemporary stress echocardiography has not been systematically assessed.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between results of stress echocardiography and patients’ outcomes with suspected coronary artery disease using randomised controlled trials.MethodsMultiple electronic databases were searched for studies evaluating long-term outcome (>12 months) of stress echocardiography in patients suspected of coronary artery disease since year 2000. A common-effect model was used to derive pooled estimates. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality or cardiovascular death and non-fatal myocardial infarction, depending on the definition applied in individual trials, termed as major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). Secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. Positive stress echocardiography result was defined as inducible ischaemia in at least one of the 17 left ventricular segments and negative stress echocardiography with no inducible ischaemia.ResultsAmong a total of six trials, 16 581 subjects underwent either pharmacological or treadmill stress echocardiography, a median follow-up of 31 months (range 21–101). The annual event rate was 1.76% for the composite MACE and 1.35% for all-cause mortality. Compared with negative stress echocardiography, positive stress echocardiography was associated with an increased risk of the MACE and all-cause mortality with an annual event rate of 1.99% vs 1.54% (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.79 to 2.33) and 1.68% vs 1.02% (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.80 to 2.35), respectively.ConclusionPositive stress echocardiography results were associated with poorer long-term MACE and all-cause mortality. Stress echocardiography results may provide a useful long-term guidance in intensifying preventative treatment in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023416766.
Safety and tolerability of immune checkpoint inhibitors in people with HIV infection and cancer: insights from the national prospective real-world OncoVIHAC ANRS CO24 cohort study
Authors: Assoumou Lambert , Baldé Raghiatou , Katlama Christine , Abbar Baptiste , Delobel Pierre , Allegre Thierry , Lavole Armelle , Makinson Alain , Zaegel-Faucher Olivia , Greillier Laurent , Soulie Cathia , Veyri Marianne , Bertheau Mathilde , Algarte Genin Michèle , Gibowski Séverine , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Bihan Kevin , Baron Marine , Costagliola Dominique , Lambotte Olivier , Spano Jean-Philippe 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been a major advance in cancer management. However, we still lack prospective real-world data regarding their usage in people with HIV infection (PWH).MethodsThe ANRS CO24 OncoVIHAC study (NCT03354936) is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study in France of PWH with cancer treated with ICI. We assessed the incidence of grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events (irAEs). All grade ≥3 irAEs were reviewed by an event review.ResultsBetween January 17, 2018, and December 05, 2023, 150 participants were recruited from 33 sites and 140 were included in this analysis. At the data cut-off date of December 05, 2023, the median follow-up was 9.2 months (IQR: 3.9–18.3), with a total of 126.2 person-years.Median age was 59 years (IQR: 54–64) and 111 (79.3%) were men. Median time since HIV diagnosis was 25 years (12–31), the median duration on antiretroviral (ARV) was 19.5 years (7.7–25.4), and the CD4 nadir was 117/µL (51–240). ICI regimens comprised anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) for 111 (79.3%) participants, anti-programmed death-ligand 1 for 25 (17.9%), a combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 for 3 (2.1%), and anti-PD-1 along with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor for 1 (0.7%). The most frequent cancers were lung (n=65), head/neck (n=15), melanoma (n=12), liver (n=11) and Hodgkin’s lymphoma (n=9).During follow-up, a total of 34 grade ≥3 irAEs occurred in 20 participants, leading to an incidence rate of 26.9 per 100 person-years. The Kaplan-Meier estimates of the proportion of participants with at least one episode of grade ≥3 irAEs were 13.8% at 6 months, 15.0% at 12 months and 18.7% at 18 months. One treatment-related death due to myocarditis was reported (0.7%). Multivariable analysis of cumulative incidence showed that participants with time since HIV diagnosis >17 years (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=4.66, p=0.002), with CD4<200 cells/µL (IRR=4.39, p<0.0001), with positive cytomegalovirus (CMV) serology (IRR=2.76, p=0.034), with history of cancer surgery (IRR=3.44, p=0.001) had a higher risk of incidence of grade ≥3 irAEs.ConclusionThis study showed that the incidence of a first episode of grade ≥3 irAE was 15.0% (95% CI: 9.6% to 22.9%) at 1 year and the cumulative incidence of all severe irAE episodes was 26.9 per 100 person-years. Low CD4 count, positive CMV serology, history of cancer surgery and a longer time since HIV diagnosis were associated with the occurrence of severe irAEs.
Seismic behavior of piles-supported pier-superstructure to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading considering variability of soil permeability
Authors: Jia Kemin , El Naggar M. Hesham , Xu Chengshun , Song Jia , Cui Chunyi , Du Xiuli 
Published: August 2024

This study characterizes the effect on different engineering demand parameters owing to lateral spreading caused by liquefaction. 1 g large-scale shaking table experiments were conducted along with efficient numerical simulations of the piles-supported pier-superstructure system response to strong earthquakes. An integrated nonlinear numerical method was established and evaluated with the results of the shake table experiments, and the seismic response characteristics of the system was discussed by combining the experimental and numerical results. The influence of the initial soil hydraulic conductivity on soil liquefaction was evaluated and the inertia and kinematic effects were evaluated employing cross-correlation analyses. The results indicated that soil softening diminished as the permeability coefficient increased, and consequently the lateral displacements of soil and superstructure decreased, and the superstructure acceleration demand increased. Increased permeability coefficient shifted the fragile location of the piles-supported pier-superstructure from the liquefiable soil bottom to the pier bottom. Finally, the inertial effect increased on pile curvature near pile head while the kinematic effect decreased as the permeability coefficient increased.
Preservation of probable MIS 7 deglacial and nonglacial deposits near the edge of the Hudson Bay Lowland in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Gauthier M.S. , Hodder T.J. , Dalton A.S. , Lian Olav B. , Schaarschmidt M. , Ross M. , Väliranta M. , Finkelstein S.A. 
Published: August 2024

The stratigraphic principle of superposition assumes that sediments at surface are youngest. And yet, patches of older preserved landscapes continue to be identified in the regions formerly covered by the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Two gravel pits, at the edge of the western Hudson Bay Lowland near the geographic centre of the North American Ice Sheet Complex, reveal additional patches where older glacial and nonglacial sediment is preserved. These sites expose 1–4 m of a darker, highly overconsolidated, clayier till, and 0–2 m of a lighter, less consolidated, sandier till over glaciofluvial and post-glacial gravels and sands; the waning stages of deposition occurred at 214 ± 22 ka (1σ minimum age model quartz grain optical age estimates, n = 2). This was during the latter end of the cool Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7-d (within 1σ range) or near the end of MIS-8 (within 2σ range). Next followed a warmer period similar to, or warmer than, present day with higher precipitation; inferred from pollen and macrofossils deposited in nonglacial low-energy floodplain or pond sediments. Our study highlights the need to accurately date Quaternary sediments, given that the shallowest nonglacial sediments at both gravel pits were deposited during an old (MIS 7) interglacial; there is likely no record of the youngest interglacial (MIS 5). Preservation of older sediment also means that in Quaternary stratigraphy, disjoint regional nonglacial “organic marker beds” should not automatically be considered correlative. Identification of similar “old” patches, together with till stratigraphy and composition, is essential to accurately model glacial sediment transport over time.
Children’s perceptions shape primate conservation message in rural communities of the Barú District, Southwestern Panama
Authors: Loría Luz I. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Panama is a habitat for nine primate species, and most of them are threatened. This has shown a fundamental concern in primate conservation by Panamanian-based conservation projects. Among them is the project Conservación del Mono Cariblanco en Agroecosistemas (COMOCA) which initiated a primate conservation education program in Southwestern Panama in 2022. The first stage of this program consisted of evaluating the perceptions that 102 children aged 8-12 years old have about primate habitat. I analyzed drawings made by these children exploring three different themes: (1) description of primate species, (2) primate habitat, and (3) food related to primates. The results indicate that children are more familiar with the white-faced capuchins and squirrel monkeys. Despite 89.2% of the children drawing trees, most of them painted tree crops. Thus, the top three most mentioned foods eaten by monkeys were mango, plantain/banana, and apple. These findings highlight the importance of addressing the relationship between primates and native trees in the content of the conservation education program. Additionally, the study illustrates how children’s depiction of their reality has implications for the management of human-primate interfaces.
Enculturation-Acculturation Screening Tools for Empirical Aesthetics Research: a Proof of Principle Study
Authors: Christensen Julia F. , Vartanian Meghedi , Manias Bilquis Castaño , Golestani Raha , Khorsandi Shahrzad , Frieler Klaus 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Grouping research participants by culture or language proficiency may no longer suffice to investigate cognitive universals and differences cross-culturally, due to the interconnectedness of our multicultural world. Based on immigration psychology research, we provide a ‘proof of principle’ for three culture screening tools. Across five online experiments (total N = 440), we developed (1) The Cultural Traditions Questionnaire (CTQ), (2) the Arts Engagement in Childhood Questionnaire (AECQ), and (3) the Enculturation and Acculturation Quiz (EAQ). While these screening tools are tailored to Iranian and English cultures, the procedures provided here are expandable to other cultures. The screening scores predicted emotional attachment to a culture better than traditional variables used in cross-cultural research (self-ascribed culture group, country of residence during formative years, mother tongue). Continuous measures of enculturation and acculturation are potentially better predictors for downstream variables of interest, due to their finer granularity and capability to capture multifaceted cultural identities.
Morphology and differential counts of blood cells as important health indicators in the olm, Proteus anguinus
Authors: Gredar Tajda , Šarac Andrea , Prša Patrik , Fišer Žiga , Kostanjšek Rok , Bizjak Mali Lilijana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Haematological investigation is an important component of stress and immune response assessment and holds great potential for evaluating amphibian welfare. The olm (Proteus anguinus) is a neotenic, cave-dwelling salamander endemic to the Dinaric Karst and classified as a vulnerable species by the IUCN. The aim of the present study was to gain basic knowledge about the haematology of this endangered species and to establish reference values of leucocyte differential counts. Blood smears were obtained from recently captured animals and compared to smears from the same animals in long-term captivity (up to five years). The elongated erythrocytes are nucleated and are among the largest in vertebrates, which is also reflected in their lower concentration per millilitre of blood. The circulating blood can contain mitotically active, immature erythrocytes (erythroblasts), indicating that erythrocytes of the olm can undergo proliferation and maturation in circulating blood. Olms show a typical urodele leucocyte profile, with lymphocytes predominating, followed by neutrophils, although the proportion of lymphocytes is higher than in other urodeles. Eosinophil and monocyte counts were relatively low, while basophils were nearly absent. We found no statistically significant differences in leucocyte counts or in neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio neither between recently captured olms and same animals during captivity nor between the sexes, except for lower neutrophil count in captive females. Thus, no differences in stress levels between recently captured olms and captive olms were detected via haematological investigations. The significance of these results is discussed in the context of detecting stress and immune responses in olms.
Revisiting CPJ 1.23 (P.Tebt. 3.1.817)
Authors: Kugler Robert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
CPJ 1.23, a second-century BCE contract between two Jews for an interest-free loan secured with a house, briefly stirred interest for the possibility that it shows Jews observing their law in the Hellenistic diaspora. Most regard that as unlikely though, and the text has since languished in obscurity among scholars of Hellenistic Judaism. This article reexamines the text in its proper juridical context—in comparison with other loan contracts from Greco-Roman Egypt—to show that it uses the form for a hypothecated loan to arrange the sale of a house which gives the seller the opportunity to reclaim it within a year of sale according to Leviticus 25:29–30. The article also places this reading of CPJ 1.23 alongside other evidence for Jews using their ancestral norms in handling property matters in Hellenistic Egypt to outline a hypothesis regarding the purpose of this tendency in Ptolemaic-era Jewish legal reasoning.
The “Inversed Declarations” of Acceptance of the Compulsory Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice
Authors: Travan Federico 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Among the 74 existing Declarations of acceptance of the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice, three have the characteristics of “inversed declarations”. They are the Declarations of Egypt (1957), Equatorial Guinea (2017), and Iran (2023). Far from determining a general acceptance of the Court’s jurisdiction (possibly subject to reservations), these three Declarations entail the recognition of the jurisdiction of the Court only in relation to specific subject matters, which are explicitly mentioned in the Declarations. The article constitutes the first analytical study of the problems posed by this kind of declarations. It considers their legal nature, the problem of their validity, and the impact that their use can have on the function of the optional clause. Finally, it outlines some possible remedies, at the disposal of States and the Court, to neutralise the abuses deriving from the practice of filing inversed declarations.
The International Criminal Court’s New Creatures: Post-preliminary Examination Cooperation Agreements
Authors: Martini Pauline , Arévalo-Ramírez Walter , Olasolo Héctor 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The article examines a recent practice of the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court. The practice consists in the adoption of a cooperation agreement following the closing of a preliminary examination, with the Head of State of the concerned country. It was initiated after the closing of Situation in Colombia in October 2021, and repeated after the closing of Situation in Guinea in September 2022. In the absence of a legal basis allowing for the conclusion of such “post-preliminary examination cooperation agreements” in the Rome Statute framework, the article analyses their legal nature, as it is a necessary step to determine their validity under international law and capacity to generate binding obligations upon their parties.