bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Genetic Testing and Alternatives to Face to Face Results Disclosure: A Retrospective Review of Patients Preference for Alternative Modes of BRCA 1 and 2 Results Disclosure in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: O'Shea Rosie , Meany Marie , Carroll Cliona , Cody Nuala , Healy David , Green Andrew , Lynch Sally Ann 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe traditional model of providing cancer predictive testing services is changing. Many genetic centres are now offering a choice to patients in how they receive their results instead of the typical face‐to‐face disclosure. In view of this shift in practice and the increasing demand on the ROI cancer predictive testing service, a 2 year retrospective study on patient preference in how to receive a Breast Cancer (BRCA) predictive result was carried out. Results showed that 71.7 % of respondents would have liked to have the option of obtaining their results by telephone or by letter. However, when asked about their actual experience of BRCA predictive results disclosure 40.6 % did still value the face‐to‐face contact, while 44.9 % would still have preferred to receive results by either post or telephone. No significant difference was found between males and females (p > 0.05) and those who tested negative or positive for the BRCA mutation (p > 0.05) in wanting a choice in how their results were disclosed. While the majority expressed a wish to have a choice in how to receive their results, it is important not to underestimate the value of a face‐to‐face encounter in these circumstances.
Age‐dependent differential expression profile of a novel intergenic long noncoding RNA in rat brain
Authors: Kour Sukhleen , Rath Pramod C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are ≥200 nt long, abundant class of non‐protein coding RNAs that are transcribed in complex, sense‐ and antisense patterns from the intergenic and intronic regions of mammalian genome. Mammalian central nervous system constitutes the largest repertoire of noncoding transcripts that are known to be expressed in developmentally regulated and cell‐type specific manners. Although many lncRNAs, functioning in the brain development and diseases are known, none involved in brain aging has been reported so far. Here, we report involvement of a novel, repeat sequence (simple repeats and SINES)‐containing, trans‐spliced, long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA (lincRNA), named as LINC‐RBE (rat brain expressed transcript) involved in maturation and aging of mammalian brain. The LINC‐RBE is strongly expressed in the rat brain and the upstream/downstream sequences of its DNA in the chromosome 5 contain binding sites for many cell growth, survival and development‐specific transcriptional factors. Through RT‐PCR and RNA in situ hybridization, LINC‐RBE was found to be expressed in an age‐dependent manner with significantly higher level of expression in the brain of adult (16 week) compared to both immature (4 week) and old (70 week) rats. Moreover, the expression pattern of the LINC‐RBE showed distinct association with the specific neuro‐anatomical regions, cell types and sub‐cellular compartments of the rat brain in an age‐related manner. Thus, its expression increased from immature stage to adulthood and declined further in old age. This is a first‐time report of involvement of an intergenic repeat sequence‐containing lncRNA in different regions of the rat brain in an age‐dependent manner.
Ischemic colitis: risk factors, diagnosis and prognosis in patients undergoing surgery
Authors: Fernandes Sara Francisca Ferreira , Barbosa Laura Elisabete Ribeiro 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjective To identify risk factors, diagnosis and prognosis associated with ischemic colitis, focusing mainly on patients undergoing surgery.Materials and methods This retrospective study included all patients admitted to the Centro Hospitalar de São João – E. P. E., diagnosed with ischemic colitis during the period from 2012 to 2013.Results The study included 154 patients; 118 were undergoing medical treatment, with a 12% mortality rate, and 36 were undergoing surgery, with a 61% associated mortality rate. Hypertension was the most common risk factor in both groups. The presence of a large number of cardiovascular risk factors in both groups, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, was recorded, but we still found no direct relationship with development of ischemic colitis. Comorbidities that affect blood flow, such as the presence of thrombi or aneurysms, do provide a worse prognosis and therefore require a more aggressive treatment.Conclusion The diagnosis of ischemic colitis is not always immediately established due to a nonspecific presentation. Surgical treatment should be reserved for severe cases with a worse prognosis associated.
Strength‐Duration Curves of the Common Fibular Nerve Show Hypoexcitability in People With Functional Ankle Instability
Authors: Rodríguez‐Fernández Ángel L. , Rebollo‐Roldán Jesús , Jiménez‐Rejano José J. , Güeita‐Rodríguez Javier 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundSome motor impairments, such as decreased reaction of peroneal muscles, altered kinematics, or poor postural control, have been described in people with functional ankle instability. Evidence shows a possible relationship between fibular nerve impairments and functional ankle instability.ObjectiveTo investigate the electrophysiologic excitability of the common fibular nerve, as measured by strength‐duration curves, in subjects with functional ankle instability compared with a control group without ankle impairment.DesignA cross‐sectional study.SettingUniversity Research laboratory.ParticipantsFifty subjects with functional ankle instability (35 men, 15 women; ages 24.36 ± 5.01 years) and 63 uninjured control patients (44 men, 19 women; ages 22.67 ± 4.85 years) were recruited by convenience sampling.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresStrength‐duration curves of the common fibular nerve were made in all participants. Rheobase, chronaxie, Bawen index, accommodation index, galvano‐tetanic threshold, and intensity thresholds for different pulse durations were obtained and compared between the 2 groups.ResultsSubjects with functional ankle instability show increased values of chronaxie (0.58 ± 0.24 ms versus 0.47 ± 0.16 ms;P= .004), Bawen index (1.53 ± 0.24 versus 1.39 ± 0.21;P= .002), and intensity thresholds for pulse durations ≤2 ms both for rectangular and triangular pulse wave forms. The accommodation index was smaller in subjects with functional ankle instability than controls (3.7 ± 0.72 versus 4.05 ± 0.98;P= .036). The remaining parameters did not show significant differences between groups.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that subjects with functional ankle instability show a decreased excitability in their common fibular nerve when compared with subjects without ankle injuries.
A Medication Combination for the Treatment of Central Poststroke Pain via the Adjuvant Use of Prednisone With Gabapentin: A Case Report
Authors: Batlle Luis , Mattie Ryan , Irwin Robert 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCentral poststroke pain is a neuropathic pain syndrome that can occur from pathology of the brain. The case presented is of a woman with multiple comorbidities who was found to have an acute infarct in the left middle and anterior cerebral artery territories. She began to complain of worsening diffuse right upper and lower extremity pain, and central poststroke pain was diagnosed. First‐line agents were contraindicated as the result of medical comorbidities, and chronic kidney disease only permitted the use of low‐dose gabapentin. The patient's morbid obesity inspired the use of an adjunct medication protocol of a prednisone taper for proper treatment. After starting this treatment regimen, the patient experienced significant pain relief with eventual resolution. A steroid‐based treatment protocol was used successfully in the early stages of central poststroke pain with proper side effect management and may have prevented difficult treatment management in the outpatient setting.
Physical Examination Variables Predict Response to Conservative Treatment of Nonchronic Plantar Fasciitis: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Footwear Study
Authors: Wrobel James S. , Fleischer Adam E. , Matzkin‐Bridger Jonathon , Fascione Jeanna , Crews Ryan T. , Bruning Nicholas , Jarrett Beth 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundPlantar fasciitis is a common, disabling condition, and the prognosis of conservative treatment is difficult to predict.ObjectiveTo determine whether initial clinical findings could help predict patient response to conservative treatment that primarily consisted of supportive footwear and stretching.SettingPatients were recruited and seen at 2 outpatient podiatric clinics in the Chicago, Illinois, metropolitan area.PatientsSeventy‐seven patients with nonchronic plantar fasciitis were recruited. Patients were excluded if they had a heel injection in the previous 6 months or were currently using custom foot orthoses at the time of screening. Sixty‐nine patients completed the final follow‐up visit 3 months after receiving the footwear intervention.MethodsTreatment failure was considered a <50% reduction in heel pain at 3 month follow‐up. Logistic regression models evaluated the possible association between more than 30 clinical and physical examination findings prospectively assessed at enrollment, and treatment response.ResultsInability to dorsiflex the ankle past −5° (odds ratio [OR] 3.9, P = .024), nonsevere (≤7 on ordinal scale) first‐step pain (OR 3.8, P = .021), and heel valgus in relaxed stance (OR 4.0, P = .014) each predicted treatment failure in multivariable analysis (receiver operating characteristic area under the curve = .769). Limited ankle dorsiflexion also correlated with greater heel pain severity at initial presentation (r = − 0.312, P = .006).ConclusionsPatients with severe ankle equinus were nearly 4 times more likely to experience a favorable response to treatment centered on home Achilles tendon stretching and supportive therapy. Thus, earlier use of more advanced therapies may be most appropriate in those presenting without severe ankle equinus or without severe first step pain. The findings from our study may not be clinically intuitive because patients with less severe equinus and less severe pain at presentation did worse with conservative care.
Quotation, perfection and the eloquence of form: introducingBeatius/Cum humanum
Authors: ZAYARUZNAYA ANNA 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe newly reconstructed motetBeatius/Cum humanumis remarkable in several respects. It ranks among the longest of Ars Nova motets, and divides neatly into three parts of which the middle is an eighty-breve untexted hocket section. It also contains an extended quotation – textual as well as musical – from the Fauvel motetFirmissime/Adesto. The quoted material speaks of ‘Trinity and unity’, turning a spotlight onto the tripartite form ofBeatius/Cum humanum.Firmissime/Adestohas occasioned comment because it is built up of duple (‘imperfect’) notes even though it praises the perfect Trinity.Beatius/Cum humanumcan be read as participating in the same conversation. By shifting the salience of the number three from local rhythmical organisation to the global level of form, it serves as an example of how music can depict perfectionex imperfectis.
Food availability affects the strength of mutualistic host–microbiota interactions in Daphnia magna
Authors: Callens Martijn , Macke Emilie , Muylaert Koenraad , Bossier Peter , Lievens Bart , Waud Michael , Decaestecker Ellen 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The symbiotic gut microbial community is generally known to have a strong impact on the fitness of its host. Nevertheless, it is less clear how the impact of symbiotic interactions on the hosts’ fitness varies according to environmental circumstances such as changes in the diet. This study aims to get a better understanding of host–microbiota interactions under different levels of food availability. We conducted experiments with the invertebrate, experimental model organism Daphnia magna and compared growth, survival and reproduction of conventionalized symbiotic Daphnia with germ-free individuals given varying quantities of food. Our experiments revealed that the relative importance of the microbiota for the hosts’ fitness varied according to dietary conditions. The presence of the microbiota had strong positive effects on Daphnia when food was sufficient or abundant, but had weaker effects under food limitation. Our results indicate that the microbiota can be a potentially important factor in determining host responses to changes in dietary conditions. Characterization of the host-associated microbiota further showed that Aeromonas sp. was the most prevalent taxon in the digestive tract of Daphnia.
Functional classification of memory CD8+ T cells by CX3CR1 expression
Authors: Böttcher Jan P. , Beyer Marc , Meissner Felix , Abdullah Zeinab , Sander Jil , Höchst Bastian , Eickhoff Sarah , Rieckmann Jan C. , Russo Caroline , Bauer Tanja , Flecken Tobias , Giesen Dominik , Engel Daniel , Jung Steffen , Busch Dirk H. , Protzer Ulrike , Thimme Robert , Mann Matthias , Kurts Christian , Schultze Joachim L. , Kastenmüller Wolfgang , Knolle Percy A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLocalization of memory CD8+ T cells to lymphoid or peripheral tissues is believed to correlate with proliferative capacity or effector function. Here we demonstrate that the fractalkine-receptor/CX3CR1 distinguishes memory CD8+ T cells with cytotoxic effector function from those with proliferative capacity, independent of tissue-homing properties. CX3CR1-based transcriptome and proteome-profiling defines a core signature of memory CD8+ T cells with effector function. We find CD62LhiCX3CR1+ memory T cells that reside within lymph nodes. This population shows distinct migration patterns and positioning in proximity to pathogen entry sites. Virus-specific CX3CR1+ memory CD8+ T cells are scarce during chronic infection in humans and mice but increase when infection is controlled spontaneously or by therapeutic intervention. This CX3CR1-based functional classification will help to resolve the principles of protective CD8+ T-cell memory.
Standards and figure-of-merits for quantifying the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Zi Yunlong , Niu Simiao , Wang Jie , Wen Zhen , Tang Wei , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators have been invented as a highly efficient, cost-effective and easy scalable energy-harvesting technology for converting ambient mechanical energy into electricity. Four basic working modes have been demonstrated, each of which has different designs to accommodate the corresponding mechanical triggering conditions. A common standard is thus required to quantify the performance of the triboelectric nanogenerators so that their outputs can be compared and evaluated. Here we report figure-of-merits for defining the performance of a triboelectric nanogenerator, which is composed of a structural figure-of-merit related to the structure and a material figure of merit that is the square of the surface charge density. The structural figure-of-merit is derived and simulated to compare the triboelectric nanogenerators with different configurations. A standard method is introduced to quantify the material figure-of-merit for a general surface. This study is likely to establish the standards for developing TENGs towards practical applications and industrialization.
A mutation in the POT1 gene is responsible for cardiac angiosarcoma in TP53-negative Li–Fraumeni-like families
Authors: Calvete Oriol , Martinez Paula , Garcia-Pavia Pablo , Benitez-Buelga Carlos , Paumard-Hernández Beatriz , Fernandez Victoria , Dominguez Fernando , Salas Clara , Romero-Laorden Nuria , Garcia-Donas Jesus , Carrillo Jaime , Perona Rosario , Triviño Juan Carlos , Andrés Raquel , Cano Juana María , Rivera Bárbara , Alonso-Pulpon Luis , Setien Fernando , Esteller Manel , Rodriguez-Perales Sandra , Bougeard Gaelle , Frebourg Tierry , Urioste Miguel , Blasco Maria A. , Benítez Javier 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCardiac angiosarcoma (CAS) is a rare malignant tumour whose genetic basis is unknown. Here we show, by whole-exome sequencing of a TP53-negative Li–Fraumeni-like (LFL) family including CAS cases, that a missense variant (p.R117C) in POT1 (protection of telomeres 1) gene is responsible for CAS. The same gene alteration is found in two other LFL families with CAS, supporting the causal effect of the identified mutation. We extend the analysis to TP53-negative LFL families with no CAS and find the same mutation in a breast AS family. The mutation is recently found once in 121,324 studied alleles in ExAC server but it is not described in any other database or found in 1,520 Spanish controls. In silico structural analysis suggests how the mutation disrupts POT1 structure. Functional and in vitro studies demonstrate that carriers of the mutation show reduced telomere-bound POT1 levels, abnormally long telomeres and increased telomere fragility.
Macroscopic and high-throughput printing of aligned nanostructured polymer semiconductors for MHz large-area electronics
Authors: Bucella Sadir G. , Luzio Alessandro , Gann Eliot , Thomsen Lars , McNeill Christopher R. , Pace Giuseppina , Perinot Andrea , Chen Zhihua , Facchetti Antonio , Caironi Mario 
Published: September 2015

AbstractHigh-mobility semiconducting polymers offer the opportunity to develop flexible and large-area electronics for several applications, including wearable, portable and distributed sensors, monitoring and actuating devices. An enabler of this technology is a scalable printing process achieving uniform electrical performances over large area. As opposed to the deposition of highly crystalline films, orientational alignment of polymer chains, albeit commonly achieved by non-scalable/slow bulk alignment schemes, is a more robust approach towards large-area electronics. By combining pre-aggregating solvents for formulating the semiconductor and by adopting a room temperature wired bar-coating technique, here we demonstrate the fast deposition of submonolayers and nanostructured films of a model electron-transporting polymer. Our approach enables directional self-assembling of polymer chains exhibiting large transport anisotropy and a mobility up to 6.4 cm2 V−1 s−1, allowing very simple device architectures to operate at 3.3 MHz. Thus, the proposed deposition strategy is exceptionally promising for mass manufacturing of high-performance polymer circuits.
Hot-carrier cooling and photoinduced refractive index changes in organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites
Authors: Price Michael B. , Butkus Justinas , Jellicoe Tom C. , Sadhanala Aditya , Briane Anouk , Halpert Jonathan E. , Broch Katharina , Hodgkiss Justin M. , Friend Richard H. , Deschler Felix 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMetal-halide perovskites are at the frontier of optoelectronic research due to solution processability and excellent semiconductor properties. Here we use transient absorption spectroscopy to study hot-carrier distributions in CH3NH3PbI3 and quantify key semiconductor parameters. Above bandgap, non-resonant excitation creates quasi-thermalized carrier distributions within 100 fs. During carrier cooling, a sub-bandgap transient absorption signal arises at ∼1.6 eV, which is explained by the interplay of bandgap renormalization and hot-carrier distributions. At higher excitation densities, a ‘phonon bottleneck’ substantially slows carrier cooling. This effect indicates a low contribution from inelastic carrier-impurity or phonon–impurity scattering in these polycrystalline materials, which supports high charge-carrier mobilities. Photoinduced reflectivity changes distort the shape of transient absorption spectra and must be included to extract physical constants. Using a simple band-filling model that accounts for these changes, we determine a small effective mass of mr=0.14 mo, which agrees with band structure calculations and high photovoltaic performance.
Three-dimensional non-destructive soft-tissue visualization with X-ray staining micro-tomography
Authors: Silva Juliana Martins de S. e , Zanette Irene , Noël Peter B. , Cardoso Mateus B. , Kimm Melanie A. , Pfeiffer Franz 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLow inherent contrast in soft tissues has been limiting the use of X-ray absorption micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to access high-resolution structural information of animal organs. The staining agents used in micro-CT to improve the contrast fail in providing high-quality images of whole organs of animals due to diffusion problems of the staining agent into the sample. We demonstrate a staining protocol that incorporates a biochemical conditioning step prior to exposure to the staining agent that succeeds in overcoming the diffusion problems, thus quickly providing high-quality micro-CT images of whole organs of mammals. Besides of yielding non-distorted three-dimensional information at the same spatial resolution accessible in histological sections, micro-CT images of whole organs stained by our method enable easy screening of slices along any direction of the volume thus demonstrating new possibilities of structural analysis in biomedical science.
The AP-1 transcription factor homolog Pf-AP-1 activates transcription of multiple biomineral proteins and potentially participates in Pinctada fucata biomineralization
Authors: Zheng Xiangnan , Cheng Minzhang , Xiang Liang , Liang Jian , Xie Liping , Zhang Rongqing 
Published: September 2015

AbstractActivator protein-1 (AP-1) is an important bZIP transcription factor that regulates a series of physiological processes by specifically activating transcription of several genes and one of its well-chartered functions in mammals is participating in bone mineralization. We isolated and cloned the complete cDNA of a Jun/AP-1 homolog from Pinctada fucata and called it Pf-AP-1. Pf-AP-1 had a highly conserved bZIP region and phosphorylation sites compared with those from mammals. A tissue distribution analysis showed that Pf-AP-1 was ubiquitously expressed in P. fucata and the mRNA level of Pf-AP-1 is extremely high in mantle. Pf-AP-1 expression was positively associated with multiple biomineral proteins in the mantle. The luciferase reporter assay in a mammalian cell line showed that Pf-AP-1 significantly up-regulates the transcriptional activity of the promoters of KRMP, Pearlin and Prisilkin39. Inhibiting the activity of Pf-AP-1 depressed the expression of multiple matrix proteins. Pf-AP-1 showed a unique expression pattern during shell regeneration and pearl sac development, which was similar to the pattern observed for biomineral proteins. These results suggest that the Pf-AP-1 AP-1 homolog is an important transcription factor that regulates transcription of several biomineral proteins simultaneously and plays a role in P. fucata biomineralization, particularly during pearl and shell formation.