bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food Insecurity in Farta District, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross–sectional study
Authors: Endale Worku , Mengesha Zelalem Birhanu , Atinafu Azeb , Adane Akilew Awoke 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
Access to sufficient food is essential for household welfare as well as for accomplishing other development activities. Households with insufficient access to food often face other challenges related to food insecurity including poor health and a decline in productivity. These challenges can often create a vicious circle whereby households are unable to produce enough food even during a good crop season. Thus, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of food insecurity and its determinants in rural households of Farta District, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2012. Household heads were recruited using a multistage random sampling technique. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) tool after verbal informed consent. Data were entered to Epi info 2002 and exported to SPSS version 16 for analysis. Multiple logistic regressions were fitted and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to identify associated factors and control confounding effect.

Results
A total of 836 households were included in this study. Nearly three quarters of the households (70.7%) had food insecurity. Households headed by females (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI:1.08, 15.21), lack of education (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.46, 4.60), family size of 4-7 (AOR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.21,4.70), family size of >7 (AOR = 13.23,95% CI:6.18, 28.32), few or absence of livestock (AOR = 5.60, 95% CI:1.28, 24.43), absence of income from off-farm activities (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI:1.53, 6.36), lack of irrigation (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI:2.14, 5.18) and lack of perennial income (AOR = 3.15, 95% CI:1.88, 5.27) were factors associated with food insecurity.

Conclusions
This study revealed that most households of the district were food insecure. Hence, the promotion of contraceptive use, off-farm employment activities and the development of small scale irrigation are important recommendations to reduce food insecurity.
Modelling temperature effects on milk production: a study on Holstein cows at a Japanese farm
Authors: Yano Machiko , Shimadzu Hideyasu , Endo Toshiki 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Milk yield and its composition vary according to individual cows as well as to a variety of different environment conditions, such as temperature. Previous studies suggest that heat exerts considerable negative effects on milk production and its composition, especially during summer months. We investigate the production and fat composition of milk from individual dairy cows and develop a modelling framework that investigates the effect of temperature by extending a traditional lactation curve model onto a more flexible statistical modelling framework, a generalised additive model (GAM). The GAM simultaneously copes with multiple different conditions (temperature, parity, days of lactation, etc.), and, importantly, their non-linear relationships. Our analysis of retrospective data suggests that individual cows respond differently to heat; cows producing relatively high quantities of milk tend to be particularly sensitive to heat. Our model also suggests that most dairy cows studied fall into three distinct cases that underpin the variation of the milk fat ratio by different mechanisms.
When Tobacco Targets Direct Democracy
Authors: Laposata Elizabeth , Kennedy Allison P. , Glantz Stanton A. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Tobacco control advocates began to use ballot initiatives to enact tobacco control measures in the late 1970s. In response, the tobacco industry worked for over two decades to change laws governing initiative and referendum processes to prevent passage of such measures. In 1981 the tobacco industry's political lobbying arm, the Tobacco Institute, created a front group that presented itself as a neutral initiative research clearinghouse to effect changes in state initiative and referenda laws. In 1990 the Tobacco Institute began creating an in-house team and worked with third-party groups to try to change state initiative laws. While the industry ultimately abandoned both efforts when neither achieved immediate success, over time the industry's goals have penetrated legitimate discourse on the initiative and referendum process in the United States, and many specific ideas it advocated have garnered mainstream support. Direct democracy advocates, as well as public health advocates and policy makers, need to understand the tobacco industry's goals (which other industries adopted) of limiting the direct democracy process to ensure that any changes do not inadvertently increase the power of the special interests that direct democracy was developed to counterbalance.
Implementation of a worksite educational program focused on promoting healthy eating habits
Authors: Tanagra Dimitra , Panidis Dimitris , Tountas Yannis , Remoudaki Elina , Alexopoulos Evangelos C. 
Published: March 2014

Objective:To estimate the effectiveness of a short-term educational-counseling worksite program focused on lipid intake, by monitoring the possible change on nutrition knowledge and eating habits.Methods:an 8-week educational program based on the Health Belief Model was implemented in a honey packaging and sales company in Greece. 20 out of the 29 employees initially enrolled completed the program. Knowledge level and eating habits were evaluated prior and after the intervention by the “Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire” and the “Food Habits Questionnaire”. ANOVA, Spearman rho test and paired Wilcoxon test were employed in statistical analysis.Results:Non smokers and those with higher educational level had healthier eating habits. Knowledge following the intervention was significantly improved concerning recommendations and basic food ingredients but as far as eating habits were concerned, scores were not improved significantly, while intake of fried food was increased.Conclusions and Implications: Short-term interventions may produce substantial improvement in knowledge but not necessarily modifications in unhealthy eating habits.
The Russian People as a Problem of the Russian Federation State Nationalities Policy
Authors: Яхшиян  , Yakhshiyan O. 
Published: March 2014

The issue of the Russian people role in the unity enhancement of the Russian nation is considered based
on analysis of the state nationalities policy official content (primarily on the Strategy of the state nationalities
policy of the Russian Federation up to 2025 and speeches of V.V.Putin).
Extraterritoriality of Capital: Regional Dimension
Authors: Цветков  , TSvyetkov Valyeriy 
Published: March 2014

The paper concerns the analysis of big business activities at the regional level. Such analysis is important
due the fact, that in order optimize costs, big business uses to refocus financial flows in detrimental to the
regional interests ways. For this purpose regional specifics of corporate structures building are examined in
details, particularly creation of holding structures and different emerging forms of cross-territorial integration.
Corporate property transformation results in emerging of two major types of corporations, quite different in
their impact on regional economic system development: regional (or territorial) corporations, integrated in
the inner environment of the territory of activity; vertically integrated corporations, which usually integrate
various territorial resources in corporate economic turnover with no concern for economic interests of the
territory, where they operate. Main stages of the Russian big business evolution are considered and creation
of holdings is described. Also considered are the issue of extraterritoriality of capital, impact of verticallyintegrated
corporations on the social and economic development of the region of activity, ways to overcome
negative effects of vertically-integrated corporations on the regional level.
Crowdsourcing with All-Pay Auctions: A Field Experiment on Taskcn
Authors: Liu Tracy Xiao , Yang Jiang , Adamic Lada A. , Chen Yan 
Published: March 2014

To explore the effects of different incentives on crowdsourcing participation and submission quality, we conduct a randomized field experiment on Taskcn, a large Chinese crowdsourcing site using mechanisms with features of an all-pay auction. In our study, we systematically vary the size of the reward as well as the presence of a soft reserve, or early high-quality submission. We find that a higher reward induces significantly more submissions and submissions of higher quality. In comparison, we find that high-quality users are significantly less likely to enter tasks where a high-quality solution has already been submitted, resulting in lower overall quality in subsequent submissions in such soft reserve treatments.Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1845 .This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Position Trajectory Tracking of a Quadrotor based on L1 Adaptive Control
Authors: De Monte Paul , Lohmann Boris 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This paper presents an adaptive backstepping controller for the
position trajectory tracking of a quadrotor. The design adopts and
modifies the L1 adaptive control approach for nonlinear reference
systems to fit into the backstepping design and to decouple the
nominal controller from the adaptation. The controller compensates
for all model uncertainties and all bounded disturbances within
a particular frequency range. A stability criterion and verifiable
bounds on the system signals are derived. Simulations and
experimental tests demonstrate the powerful properties of the
presented controller.
Non-invasive determination of respiratory effort in spontaneous breathing and support ventilation: a validation study with healthy volunteers
Authors: Lopez-Navas Kristel , Brandt Sebastian , Strutz Merle , Gehring Hartmut , Wenkebach Ullrich 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe proper setting of support ventilation aims to follow the patients’ demands, ensuring adequate assistance to their respiratory effort. Effort assessment is thus necessary. But invasive procedures like measuring transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) are impractical in long-term ventilation. Our purpose was therefore the development of the Occlusion+Delta (O+D) method for non-invasive continuous assessment of effort, quantified by the inspiratory pressure-time-product (PTPinsp), during ventilatory support. Flow and airway pressure were measured from 25 healthy volunteers at three effort levels. For the non-invasive method, short expiratory occlusions were executed each three to seven cycles to estimate resistance and compliance with a fitting algorithm fed with the differences between occluded and undisturbed cycles. Signals and estimates were then used to calculate the effort. For the validation of O+D, its estimations were compared to the results from invasive measurement of Pdi using balloon catheters. The agreement between PTPinsp from the invasive measurement and the proposed alternative was confirmed by regression analysis (PTP
A comparative corrosion study of electroless Ni-P coatings treated by microwave and conventional furnace annealing
Authors: Sahayaraj M. Edwin , Jappes Jepas T. Winowlin , Siva Irulappasamy , Saravanan Murugan Sundaram Senthil 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis work aims at studying the corrosion behavior of electroless Ni-P coating on mild steel substrate heat-treated by microwave and conventional furnace (muffle) annealing. The corrosion behavior of the deposits has been evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization studies in 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution. The heat treatment temperatures of both the microwave and the conventional furnace annealing were kept at regular intervals to study the corrosion performance of the coatings. Microwave heat treatment significantly improved the corrosion performance of the coatings. Further, corrosion mechanisms of as-coated, various microwave- and conventional heat-treated coatings were discussed for the consideration of phase constituents, grain sizes and microstrain.
Stable representation homology and Koszul duality
Authors: Berest Yuri , Ramadoss Ajay 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

This paper is a sequel to [Adv. Math. 245 (2013), 625–689], where we study the derived affine scheme

DRep
n

(
A
)

${{\mathrm {DRep}}_n(A)}$

parametrizing the n-dimensional representations of an associative k-algebra A.
In [Adv. Math. 245 (2013), 625–689], we have constructed canonical trace maps

Tr
n

(
A
)

•

:

HC
•

(
A
)

→

H
•

[

DRep
n

(
A
)

]

GL
n

${\operatorname{Tr}_n(A)_{\bullet }: \mathrm {HC}_{\bullet }(A) \rightarrow \mathrm {H}_{\bullet }[{\mathrm {DRep}}_n(A)]^{{\mathrm {GL}}_n} }$

extending the usual characters of representations to higher cyclic homology.
This raises the natural question whether a well-known theorem of Procesi [Adv. Math. 19
(1976), 306–381.] holds in the derived setting: namely, is the algebra homomorphism

Λ

Tr
n

(
A
)

•

:

Λ
k

[

HC
•

(
A
)

]

→

H
•

[

DRep
n

(
A
)

]

GL
n

${\Lambda \mathrm {Tr} _n(A)_{\bullet } : \Lambda _k[\mathrm {HC}_{\bullet }(A)] \rightarrow \mathrm {H}_{\bullet }[{\mathrm {DRep}}_n(A)]^{{\mathrm {GL}}_n}}$

defined by

Tr
n

(
A
)

•

${ \operatorname{Tr}_n(A)_{\bullet } }$

surjective?
In the present paper, we answer this question for augmented algebras.
Given such an algebra, we construct a canonical dense subalgebra

DRep
∞

(
A
)

Tr

${{\mathrm {DRep}}_{\infty }(A)^{\operatorname{Tr}}}$

of the topological DG algebra

lim
←

DRep
n

(
A
)

GL
n

${\varprojlim {\mathrm {DRep}}_n(A)^{{\mathrm {GL}}_n} }$

. Our main result is that on passing to the inverse limit, the family of maps

Λ

Tr
n

(
A
)

•

${\Lambda \mathrm {Tr} _n(A)_{\bullet }}$

`stabilizes' to an isomorphism

Λ
k

(

HC
¯

•

(
A
)

)

≅

H
•

[

DRep
∞

(
A
)

Tr

]

${\Lambda _k(\overline{\mathrm {HC}}_{\bullet }(A)) \cong \mathrm {H}_{\bullet }[{\mathrm {DRep}}_{\infty }(A)^{\operatorname{Tr}}]}$

.
The derived version of Procesi's theorem does therefore hold in the limit as n → ∞. However, for a fixed (finite) n, there exist homological obstructions to the surjectivity of

Λ

Tr
n

(
A
)

•

${ \Lambda \mathrm {Tr} _n(A)_{\bullet }}$

, and we show on simple examples that these obstructions do not vanish in general. We compare our result with the classical theorem of Loday, Quillen and
Tsygan on stable homology of matrix Lie algebras. We show that the Chevalley–Eilenberg complex

𝒞
•

(

𝔤𝔩
∞

(
A
)

,

𝔤𝔩
∞

(
k
)

;
k
)

${{\mathcal {C}}_\bullet ({\mathfrak {gl}}_\infty (A), {\mathfrak {gl}}_\infty (k); k)}$

equipped with a natural coalgebra structure is Koszul dual to the DG algebra

DRep
∞

(
A
)

Tr

${{\mathrm {DRep}}_{\infty }(A)^{\operatorname{Tr}}}$

. We also extend our main results to bigraded DG algebras, in which case we show the equality

DRep
∞

(
A
)

Tr

=

DRep
∞

(
A
)

GL
∞

${ {\mathrm {DRep}}_{\infty }(A)^{\operatorname{Tr}} = {\mathrm {DRep}}_{\infty }(A)^{{\mathrm {GL}}_{\infty }}}$

.
As an application, we compute the Euler characteristics of

DRep
∞

(
A
)

GL
∞

${{\mathrm {DRep}}_{\infty }(A)^{{\mathrm {GL}}_{\infty }}}$

and

HC
¯

•

(
A
)

${\overline{\mathrm {HC}}_{\bullet }(A)}$

and derive
some interesting combinatorial identities.
Clustering Methods Using Distance-Based Similarity Measures of Single-Valued Neutrosophic Sets
Authors: Ye Jun 
Published: March 2014

AbstractClustering plays an important role in data mining, pattern recognition, and machine learning. Single-valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs) are useful means to describe and handle indeterminate and inconsistent information that fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets cannot describe and deal with. To cluster the data represented by single-valued neutrosophic information, this article proposes single-valued neutrosophic clustering methods based on similarity measures between SVNSs. First, we define a generalized distance measure between SVNSs and propose two distance-based similarity measures of SVNSs. Then, we present a clustering algorithm based on the similarity measures of SVNSs to cluster single-valued neutrosophic data. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the application and effectiveness of the developed clustering methods.
MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy of intracranial tumors and epilepsy: State-of-the-art review and a case study from pediatrics
Authors: Choi Hoon , Tovar-Spinoza Zulma 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is gaining momentum in neurosurgery and has been described to treat brain metastases, primary tumors and radiation-induced necrosis with an excellent safety profile. LITT has been also used as a minimally invasive alternative to surgical treatment of refractory epilepsy for ablating single epileptogenic foci, such as tumors, hypothalamic hamartomas, cortical dysplasia and mesial temporal sclerosis. Novelty initial experience with multi-foci epileptogenic zones and tuberosclerosis patients is also reported. As new applications for this technology are developing and variations on its use are discussed, we present a review of the current uses and results of the LITT application on brain lesions.
Optimal control of interbank contagion under complete information
Authors: Minca Andreea , Sulem Agnès 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
We study a preferred equity infusion government program set to
mitigate interbank contagion. Financial institutions are prone to
insolvency risk channeled through the network of interbank debt and to
funding liquidity risk. The government seeks to maximize, under budget
constraints, the total net worth of the financial system or, equivalently,
to minimize the dead-weight losses induced by bank runs. The government is
assumed to have complete information on interbank debt. The problem of
quantifying the optimal amount of infusions can be expressed as a convex
combinatorial optimization problem, tractable when the set of banks eligible
for intervention (core banks) is sufficiently, yet realistically, small. We
find that no bank has an incentive to withdraw from the program, when the
preferred dividend rate paid to the government is equal to the government's
outside return on the intervention budget. On the other hand, it may be
optimal for the government to make infusions in a strict subset of core
banks.
The Influence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate on the Photoionization of the Ruthenium(tris)bipyridine Dication
Authors: Goez Martin , von Ramin-Marro Daniel , Schiewek Martin , Hussein Othman Musa Mohammad 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Using single-pulse and two-pulse two-colour laser flash photolysis
(308 nm and 355 nm), we have quantitatively
studied the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), at concentrations
above and below the critical micellar concentration (cmc), on the
cyclic photoionization of the ruthenium(tris)bipyridine dication in
aqueous medium. In contrast to reports in the literature (Chem. Phys. Lett. 315 (1999) 416) about a superincrease of the electron
yield by SDS concentrations in the range between 3.0 · 10
–4 M
and 4.5 · 10
–4 M we found that the observed absorption
increases are entirely due to background signals in the vicinity of an
insolubility range, as can be proved by difference experiments
(argon-saturated vs. N2O-saturated solutions); SDS has no
appreciable effect on the reaction below the cmc, and causes
a moderately increased electron yield above the cmc. By varying the
excitation intensities and analyzing the intensity dependences, we
have shown that that increase is not due to a facilitation of the
photoionization proper by the micelles but to a more efficient
photoreduction of the oxidized complex by SDS in that cyclic
mechanism.
Individualized Plans of Care to Improve Outcomes Among Children and Adults With Chronic Illness: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lion K. Casey , Mangione-Smith Rita , Britto Maria T. 
Published: March 2014

Background: Adults and children with chronic illness often require services from multiple providers. Individualized plans of care (IPCs) are sometimes developed to improve care coordination. However, their association with improved outcomes is unknown. Methods: We searched literature published between January 2001 and October 2011, using Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and bibliographic review. Eligible studies involved an IPC with input from the patient and/or family of individuals with chronic illness, evaluated outcomes, and were conducted in the United States. We assessed evidence quality using Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine criteria. Results: 15 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies were heterogeneous regarding populations and outcomes examined and were generally low quality. Most described IPC use within a multifaceted care coordination intervention. The strongest evidence links IPC use and symptom improvement in depressed adults; the weakest evidence exists for outcomes in children. Vague descriptions of the IPCs’ limited analysis. Conclusions: Current evidence supporting an association between IPC use and improved outcomes, particularly among children, is sparse. Well-designed evaluations of clearly described IPCs are needed to examine who should be involved in their development, what they should include, and how often they should be updated to improve outcomes of care for this vulnerable population.
Centralized Care Management Support for “High Utilizers” in Primary Care Practices at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Williams Brent C. , Paik Jamie L. , Haley Laura L. , Grammatico Gina M. 
Published: March 2014

Although evidence of effectiveness is limited, care management based outside primary care practices or hospitals is receiving increased attention. The University of Michigan (UM) Complex Care Management Program (CCMP) provides care management for uninsured and underinsured, high-utilizing patients in multiple primary care practices. To inform development of optimal care management models, we describe the CCMP model and characteristics and health care utilization patterns of its patients. Of a consecutive series of 49 patients enrolled at CCMP in 2011, the mean (SD) age was 48 (±14); 23 (47%) were women; and 29 (59%) were White. Twenty-eight (57%) had two or more chronic medical conditions, 39 (80%) had one or more psychiatric condition, 28 (57%) had a substance abuse disorder, and 11 (22%) were homeless. Through phone, e-mail, and face-to-face contact with patients and primary care providers (PCPs), care managers coordinated health and social services and facilitated access to medical and mental health care. Patients had a mean (SD) number of hospitalizations and emergency room (ER) visits in 6 months prior to enrollment of 2.2 (2.5) and 4.2 (4.3), respectively, with a nonstatistically significant decrease in hospitalizations, hospital days, and emergency room visits in 6 months following enrollment in CCMP. Centralized care management support for primary care practices engages high-utilizing patients with complex medical and behavioral conditions in care management that would be difficult to provide through individual practices and may decrease health care utilization by these patients.