bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Initial Validation of the Novel Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Activity Index
Authors: Ross Laura , Hansen Dylan , Proudman Susanna , Khanna Dinesh , Herrick Ariane L. , Stevens Wendy , Baron Murray , Nikpour Mandana ,   Australian Scleroderma Interest Group (ASIG), Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG), the Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Activity Index Working Group
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveAccurate measurement of disease activity in systemic sclerosis (SSc) remains a significant clinical challenge. The Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium (SCTC) convened an Activity Index (AI) Working Group (WG) to develop a novel measure of disease activity (SCTC‐AI).MethodsUsing consensus methodology, we developed a conceptual definition of disease activity. Literature review and expert consensus generated provisional SCTC‐AI items, which were reduced by Delphi survey. Provisional items were weighted against a combined endpoint of morbidity and mortality, using time‐dependent Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of the Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study (ASCS) (n = 1,254). External validation of the SCTC‐AI was performed using data collected from 1,103 Canadian Scleroderma Research Group Study participants.ResultsDisease activity in SSc was defined using consensus methodology as “aspects of disease that are reversible, or can be arrested, with time and, or effective therapy.” One‐hundred and forty‐one provisional SCTC‐AI items were generated and reduced using three rounds of Delphi survey and statistical reduction and weighting, against mortality and quality of life measures, yielding a final 24‐item index with a maximum possible score of 140. Survival analysis in an external cohort showed a graded relationship between disease activity scores and survival (P < 0.01).ConclusionWe present a novel instrument to quantify the burden of disease activity in SSc. We have employed a rigorous consensus‐based process in combination with data‐driven methods to develop an instrument that has face, content, and criterion validity. Further work is required to fully validate and confirm the construct and discriminative validity of the SCTC‐AI.
Improvement of substrate turnover through integrating dark fermentation into existing biogas plants
Authors: Eggers Natascha , Giebner Fabian , Heinemann Dustin , Wagner Martin , Birth‐Reichert Torsten 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe decarbonization potential of hydrogen offers increasing usage paths in the fight against climate change resulting in a growing demand for climate‐neutral hydrogen. This challenge is met by producing hydrogen microbially from renewable substrates as an alternative to ‘green hydrogen’ from water electrolysis. Initial results have shown that coupling dark fermentation and anaerobic digestion is not only possible but also advantageous. Specifically, by integrating dark fermentation in existing biogas plants, the overall physical efficiency of the process's substrate turnover can be increased by up to 50% through providing hydrogen in addition to biogas. The achieved test results are examined based on limit‐oriented physical efficiency evaluation to show the potential for optimization of the substrate turnover in biological concepts based on modeling. Finally an overview of a commissioned demonstration plant is given, which will provide further insights into the feasibility of the dark fermentation on an industrial scale.
Analyse von Untersuchungen über den Erhaltungszustand von Garagen und Parkdecks
Authors: Deix Karl , Arazli Susanna , Gmainer Susanne , Geißler Sara 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDer Erhaltungszustand von zahlreichen, vorwiegenden in Wien befindlichen Garagen und Parkdecks aus Stahlbeton ist in den letzten Jahren von den Verfassern detailliert untersucht worden. Anhand der Untersuchungsberichte konnte ein ausführlicher Datensatz mit über 35.000 Einträgen erstellt werden, der die maßgebenden Faktoren in klassifizierter und einheitlicher Form beinhaltet. Berücksichtigt wurden dabei die Messergebnisse an den Untersuchungsstellen, wie die Betonüberdeckung, die Karbonatisierungstiefe, der Chloridgehalt, der Korrosionszustand, das Schadensbild etc., sowie die verschiedenen Bauteile, wie Deckenuntersichten, Stützenfüße, Wandsockel etc., und Funktionsbereiche, wie die Geschosse, Fahrbereiche und Parkplätze etc. Die Untersuchung dieses Datensatzes erfolgte mit den heute zur Verfügung stehenden Machine‐Learning‐Algorithmen. Die gefundenen Korrelationen wurden statistisch ausgewertet, in Diagrammen visualisiert und bewertet. Die Ergebnisse ermöglichen für Garagen repräsentative Aussagen über die Zusammenhänge zwischen den untersuchten Merkmalen und den Schadensmechanismen. Es konnten sowohl konstruktive Regeln überprüft, als auch Grenzwerte, wie jene über den schadenauslösenden Chloridgehalt, evaluiert werden. Auch konnten kritische Bauteile und Stellen erkannt werden und angegeben werden, welche Gefährdungspotenziale aufgrund optischer Einstufung zu erwarten sind. Dadurch kann auch der Untersuchungsaufwand zielgenauer festgelegt werden.
Diversity, equity, and inclusion reporting in European Union companies: The role of female directors and the European regulatory framework
Authors: García‐Sánchez Isabel‐María , Marín‐Hernández Salvador , Ortiz‐Martínez Esther , Aibar‐Guzmán Beatriz 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEquality, equity, and nondiscrimination are core human rights and prerequisites for peace, prosperity, and sustainability that require the commitment of all actors. They have received considerable attention from the European Union, leading to the development of a regulatory framework aimed at promoting gender diversity and the disclosure of information on diversity, equity, and inclusion by European companies. Considering the regulatory pressure from the institutional environment of the European Union that characterizes the period 2011–2020, this study aims to analyze the role played by female directors in promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion disclosures of 189 large European companies. Based on international guidelines and recommendations as well as European legislation, we developed a transparency score that assesses the relevance, standardization, reliability, and completeness of the diversity, equity, and inclusion information disclosed by these companies. Using a Tobit regression approach for panel data, we show that board diversity has a positive effect on the information reported by European companies, although this effect is only associated with having at least three female directors or gender‐balanced boards. Moreover, the European institutional context in force since 2014 favors corporate transparency on equality, equity, and inclusiveness practices of European companies and encourages the consideration of the views of minority female directors. The results can improve the understanding of gender equality and corporate transparency regarding diversity, equity, and inclusion decisions made by companies in light of the advent of new mandatory requirements within the EU and the extension of their scope to a wider range of companies.
Disitamab vedotin, a HER2‐directed antibody‐drug conjugate, in patients with HER2‐overexpression and HER2‐low advanced breast cancer: a phase I/Ib study
Authors: Wang Jiayu , Liu Yunjiang , Zhang Qingyuan , Li Wei , Feng Jifeng , Wang Xiaojia , Fang Jianmin , Han Yiqun , Xu Binghe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDisitamab vedotin (DV; RC48‐ADC) is an antibody‐drug conjugate comprising a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐directed antibody, linker and monomethyl auristatin E. Preclinical studies have shown that DV demonstrated potent antitumor activity in preclinical models of breast, gastric, and ovarian cancers with different levels of HER2 expression. In this pooled analysis, we report the safety and efficacy of DV in patients with HER2‐overexpression and HER2‐low advanced breast cancer (ABC).MethodsIn the phase I dose‐escalation study (C001 CANCER), HER2‐overexpression ABC patients received DV at doses of 0.5‐2.5 mg/kg once every two weeks (Q2W) until unacceptable toxicity or progressive disease. The dose range, safety, and pharmacokinetics (PK) were determined. The phase Ib dose‐range and expansion study (C003 CANCER) enrolled two cohorts: HER2‐overexpression ABC patients receiving DV at doses of 1.5‐2.5 mg/kg Q2W, with the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) determined, and HER2‐low ABC patients receiving DV at doses of 2.0 mg/kg Q2W to explore the efficacy and safety of DV in HER2‐low ABC.ResultsTwenty‐four patients with HER2‐overexpression ABC in C001 CANCER, 46 patients with HER2‐overexpression ABC and 66 patients with HER2‐low ABC in C003 CANCER were enrolled. At 2.0 mg/kg RP2D Q2W, the confirmed objective response rates were 42.9% (9/21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.8%‐66.0%) and 33.3% (22/66; 95% CI: 22.2%‐46.0%), with median progression‐free survival (PFS) of 5.7 months (95% CI: 5.3‐8.4 months) and 5.1 months (95% CI: 4.1‐6.6 months) for HER2‐overexpression and HER2‐low ABC, respectively. Common (≥5%) grade 3 or higher treatment‐emergent adverse events included neutrophil count decreased (17.6%), gamma‐glutamyl transferase increased (13.2%), asthenia (11.0%), white blood cell count decreased (9.6%), peripheral neuropathy such as hypoesthesia (5.9%) and neurotoxicity (0.7%), and pain (5.9%).ConclusionDV demonstrated promising efficacy in HER2‐overexpression and HER2‐low ABC, with a favorable safety profile at 2.0 mg/kg Q2W.
Radiomics models to predict bone marrow metastasis of neuroblastoma using CT
Authors: Chen Xiong , Chen Qinchang , Liu Yuanfang , Qiu Ya , Lv Lin , Zhang Zhengtao , Yin Xuntao , Shu Fangpeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundBone marrow is the leading site for metastasis from neuroblastoma and affects the prognosis of patients with neuroblastoma. However, the accurate diagnosis of bone marrow metastasis is limited by the high spatial and temporal heterogeneity of neuroblastoma. Radiomics analysis has been applied in various cancers to build accurate diagnostic models but has not yet been applied to bone marrow metastasis of neuroblastoma.MethodsWe retrospectively collected information from 187 patients pathologically diagnosed with neuroblastoma and divided them into training and validation sets in a ratio of 7:3. A total of 2632 radiomics features were retrieved from venous and arterial phases of contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT), and nine machine learning approaches were used to build radiomics models, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), extreme gradient boosting, and random forest. We also constructed radiomics‐clinical models that combined radiomics features with clinical predictors such as age, gender, ascites, and lymph gland metastasis. The performance of the models was evaluated with receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and risk decile plots.ResultsThe MLP radiomics model yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.97 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95–0.99) on the training set and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82–0.95) on the validation set. The radiomics‐clinical model using an MLP yielded an AUC of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89–0.96) on the training set and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85–0.97) on the validation set.ConclusionsMLP‐based radiomics and radiomics‐clinical models can precisely predict bone marrow metastasis in patients with neuroblastoma.
Effect of enzymatic processing on the physicochemical properties of wheat gluten protein enzymatic products
Authors: Wei Yanmei , Ren Qiuyan , Zhang Yuting , Li Pei , Li Ku , Liu Xiangjun , Xiao Shensheng , Wang Xuedong , Wu Yan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWheat gluten is a high‐quality, low‐priced, and nutritious plant protein. Applications of wheat gluten protein could be expanded by improving its solubility through enzymatic modifications. Herein, we investigated the effect of proteolytic processing on the physicochemical properties of wheat gluten protein.FindingsThe degree of hydrolysis, trichloroacetic acid‐soluble nitrogen (TCA‐SN), and peptidyl nitrogen content of the enzymatic digestion products increased, and the TCA‐SN content exceeded 60% in all cases. The ζ‐potentials of all products after enzymatic digestion were significantly decreased and were negative. Three enzymatic solutions increased the stability of the solution system and the surface hydrophobicity of the enzymatic products to different degrees. The products after enzymatic digestion by alkaline protease had better antioxidant capacity.ConclusionsThis study provides theoretical support for expanding the applications for wheat protein to achieve the added value of wheat products and enhance the utilization rate of these readily available raw materials.Significance and NoveltyThis study investigates the dual enzyme stepwise enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat gluten protein by alkaline protease and neutral protease, which increases the water‐soluble protein content of wheat gluten protein. The resulting hydrolysate has a high peptide nitrogen content.
Tetanus management in a high‐resource emergency department: A case report
Authors: Goubrial Diana , Roman Cristina , Ashok Aadith , Mitra Biswadev 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessageAny patient presenting with trismus should have tetanus considered as a differential diagnosis. Early recognition, timely treatment and supportive care can improve patient outcomes. Treatment with tetanus immunoglobulin to neutralize the toxin, antimicrobials to treat the infection and sedation in the intensive care unit are key therapeutic options.
Rapidly progressing pediatric Lupus with Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage and CNS involvement
Authors: Vahedi Mahdieh , Nejad Shahrokh Abadi Reza , Malek Abdolreza , Toosi Farrokh Seilanian , Naseri Maryam , Hashemi Narges 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessageSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) can have an insidious onset and a fatal prognosis in children. Patients presenting without typical signs of SLE should undergo further evaluation if they are not responding to the initial diagnosis and treatment. This is especially true for patients with rapidly progressing symptoms and deterioration in spite of treatment.AbstractPediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disorder with various organ involvement pulmonary involvement in the course of this disorder is a rare yet potentially life‐threatening complication. In this case report we highlight the findings of a 16‐year‐old girl acutely and initially presenting with cough and fever, eventually complicating to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and gradual loss of consciousness. Although the patient was started on immunosuppressive treatment after the diagnosis of lupus, based on renal and hematological impairment, was made and initially responded, she eventually deteriorated.
Relapsing nephrotic syndrome with acute renal failure following a unique episode of multiple bee stings: A case report
Authors: Méndez Gonzalo P. , Jobet Josefina , Bravo Ignacia , Enos Daniel , Hernández Mariel Jose 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe commonest renal involvement after bee stings is acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis. Nephrotic syndrome combined with AKI is unusual complication of Hymenoptera stings. We diagnosed a minimal change disease and six‐year follow up relapses.
Electrochemical Decarboxylative Cross‐Coupling with Nucleophiles
Authors: Yu Pingping , Huang Xuejin , Wang Dake , Yi Hong , Song Chunlan , Li Jiakun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDecarboxylative cross‐coupling reactions are powerful tools for carbon‐heteroatom bonds formation, but typically require pre‐activated carboxylic acids as substrates or heteroelectrophiles as functional groups. Herein, we present an electrochemical decarboxylative cross‐coupling of carboxylic acids with structurally diverse fluorine, alcohol, H2O, acid, and amine as nucleophiles. This strategy takes advantage of the ready availability of these building blocks from commercial libraries, as well as the mild and oxidant‐free conditions provided by electrochemical system. This reaction demonstrates good functional‐group tolerance and its utility in late‐stage functionalization.
Uncatalyzed Diboron Activation by a Strained Hydrocarbon: Experimental and Theoretical Study of [1.1.1]Propellane Diborylation
Authors: Silvi Emanuele , Wei Wen‐Jie , Johansson Magnus J. , Himo Fahmi , Mendoza Abraham 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of strained carbocyclic building blocks is relevant for Medicinal Chemistry, and methylenecyclobutanes are particularly challenging with current synthetic technology. Careful inspection of the reactivity of [1.1.1]propellane and diboron reagents has revealed that bis(catecholato)diboron (B2cat2) can produce a bis(borylated) methylenecyclobutane in a few minutes at room temperature. This reaction constitutes the first example of B−B bond activation by a special apolar hydrocarbon and also the first time that propellane is electrophilically activated by boron. Mechanistic studies including in situ NMR kinetics and DFT calculations demonstrate that the diboron moiety can be directly activated through coordination with the inverted sigma bond of propellane, and reveal that DMF is involved in the stabilization of diboronate ylide intermediates rather than the activation of the B−B bond. These results enable new possibilities for both diboron and propellane chemistry, and for further developments in the synthesis of methylenecyclobutanes based on propellane strain release.
Role of Thiamine Supplementation in the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure: An Updated Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: He Shuai , Wang Shasha , Xu Tingli , Wang Shuwei , Qi Minfang , Chen Qingqing , Lin Lu , Wu Huijuan , Gan Pengcheng 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic heart failure (CHF) has always posed a significant threat to human survival and health. The efficacy of thiamine supplementation in CHF patients remains uncertain.HypothesisReceiving supplementary thiamine may not confer benefits to patients with CHF.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted across the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science databases up until May 2023 to identify articles investigating the effects of thiamine supplementation in CHF patients. Predefined criteria were utilized for selecting data on study characteristics and results.ResultsSeven randomized, double‐blind, controlled trials (five parallel trials and two crossover trials) involving a total of 274 patients were enrolled. The results of the meta‐analysis pooling these studies did not reveal any significant effect of thiamine treatment compared with placebo on left ventricular ejection fraction (WMD = 1.653%, 95% CI:  −1.098 to 4.405, p = 0.239, I2 = 61.8%), left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (WMD = −6.831 mL, 95% CI:  −26.367 to 12.704, p = 0.493, I2 = 0.0%), 6‐min walking test (WMD = 16.526 m, 95% CI:  −36.582 to 69.634, p = 0.542, I2 = 66.3%), N‐terminal pro‐B type natriuretic peptide (WMD = 258.150 pg/mL, 95% CI:  −236.406 to 752.707, p = 0.306, I2 = 21.6%), or New York Heart Association class (WMD = −0.223, 95% CI:  −0.781 to 0.335, p = 0.434, I2 = 87.1%). However, it effectively improved the status of thiamine deficiency (TD).ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis indicates that thiamine supplementation does not have a direct therapeutic effect on CHF, except for correcting TD.
Roadmap for the next generation of Children’s Oncology Group rhabdomyosarcoma trials
Authors: Metts Jonathan L. , Aye Jamie M. , Crane Jacquelyn N. , Oberoi Sapna , Balis Frank M. , Bhatia Smita , Bona Kira , Carleton Bruce , Dasgupta Roshni , Dela Cruz Filemon S. , Greenzang Katie A. , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Linardic Corinne M. , Parsons Susan K. , Robertson‐Tessi Mark , Rudzinski Erin R. , Soragni Alice , Stewart Elizabeth , Weigel Brenda J. , Wolden Suzanne L. , Weiss Aaron R. , Venkatramani Rajkumar , Heske Christine M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClinical trials conducted by the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) Study Group and the Children's Oncology Group have been pivotal to establishing current standards for diagnosis and therapy for RMS. Recent advancements in understanding the biology and clinical behavior of RMS have led to more nuanced approaches to diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. The complexities introduced by these advancements, coupled with the rarity of RMS, pose challenges to conducting large‐scale phase 3 clinical trials to evaluate new treatment strategies for RMS. Given these challenges, systematic planning of future clinical trials in RMS is paramount to address pertinent questions regarding the therapeutic efficacy of drugs, biomarkers of response, treatment‐related toxicity, and patient quality of life. Herein, the authors outline the proposed strategic approach of the Children's Oncology Group Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee to the next generation of RMS clinical trials, focusing on five themes: improved novel agent identification and preclinical to clinical translation, more efficient trial development and implementation, expanded opportunities for knowledge generation during trials, therapeutic toxicity reduction and quality of life, and patient engagement.
European flow cytometry quality assurance guidelines for the diagnosis of primary immune deficiencies and assessment of immune reconstitution following B cell depletion therapies and transplantation
Authors: Kelleher Peter , Greathead Louise , Whitby Liam , Brando Bruno ,   UK NEQAS Leucocyte Immunophenotyping Steering Committee, Barnett David , Bloxham David , deTute Ruth , Dunlop Alan , Farren Timothy , Francis Sebastian , Payne Daniel , Scott Stuart , Snowden John A. , Sorour Youssef , Stansfield Emma , Virgo Paul , Whitby Alison 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver the last 15 years activity of diagnostic flow cytometry services have evolved from monitoring of CD4 T cell subsets in HIV‐1 infection to screening for primary and secondary immune deficiencies syndromes and assessment of immune constitution following B cell depleting therapy and transplantation. Changes in laboratory activity in high income countries have been driven by initiation of anti‐retroviral therapy (ART) in HIV‐1 regardless of CD4 T cell counts, increasing recognition of primary immune deficiency syndromes and the wider application of B cell depleting therapy and transplantation in clinical practice. Laboratories should use their experience in standardization and quality assurance of CD4 T cell counting in HIV‐1 infection to provide immune monitoring services to patients with primary and secondary immune deficiencies. Assessment of immune reconstitution post B cell depleting agents and transplantation can also draw on the expertise acquired by flow cytometry laboratories for detection of CD34 stem cell and assessment of MRD in hematological malignancies. This guideline provides recommendations for clinical laboratories on providing flow cytometry services in screening for immune deficiencies and its emerging role immune reconstitution after B cell targeting therapies and transplantation.