bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TTF‐1 expression in breast carcinoma: an unusual but real phenomenon
Authors: Ni Yun‐Bi , Tsang Julia Y S , Shao Mu‐Min , Chan Siu‐Ki , Tong Joanna , To Ka‐Fai , Tse Gary M 
Published: October 2013

AimsTo evaluate thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1) expression in a large cohort of invasive breast carcinomas (IBCs) using two commercially available monoclonal antibody clones (8G7G3/1 and SPT24).Methods and resultsNuclear and cytoplasmic TTF‐1 expression was evaluated in 1132 primary IBCs and 208 primary pulmonary carcinomas using tissue microarray (TMA) sections. TTF‐1 nuclear expression was detected in one of 1132 (0.09%) IBCs by 8G7G3/1. In pulmonary carcinoma, TTF‐1 expression was detected in 149 (71.6%) and 147 (70.6%) cases by 8G7G3/1 and SPT24, respectively, with no significant difference being seen between the two clones (P = 0.839), and there was good consistency between these two antibodies in differentiating breast and pulmonary carcinomas (kappa value 0.905; P < 0.001). Both clones showed high specificity but relatively low sensitivity. Cytoplasmic TTF‐1 expression was detected in 44 IBCs by 8G7G3/1, and this particular expression pattern was an independent adverse prognostic factor.ConclusionsBoth TTF‐1 antibodies (clones 8G7G3/1 and SPT24) were useful in differentiating breast from pulmonary carcinomas. Nuclear expression of TTF‐1 was detected in IBCs by 8G7G3/1, but not by SPT24. Cytoplasmic expression of 8G7G3/1 was seen in IBC for the first time, and was an independent unfavourable prognostic factor.
The apoptotic and proliferation rate of tumour budding cells in colorectal cancer outlines a heterogeneous population of cells with various impacts on clinical outcome
Authors: Dawson Heather , Koelzer Viktor H , Karamitopoulou Eva , Economou Mary , Hammer Caroline , Muller Dominique‐Elisabeth , Lugli Alessandro , Zlobec Inti 
Published: October 2013

AimsIn colorectal cancer (CRC), tumour buds represent an aggressive cell type at the invasive front with apparently low proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine proliferation and apoptotic rates of buds in comparison to tumour centre, front and mucosa.Methods and resultsWhole tissue sections from 188 CRC patients underwent immunohistochemistry for Ki67. Ten high‐power fields (HPFs) were evaluated in mucosa, tumour centre, tumour front and tumour buds (total = 40 HPFs/case). Caspase‐3 and M30 immunohistochemistry were performed on a multipunch tissue microarray from the same cohort. Ki67, caspase‐3 and M30 immunoreactivity were correlated with outcome. The average percentage of cells showing Ki67 positivity was 5.2% in mucosa, and was not significantly different between the centre and front of the tumour (38.2% and 34.9%; P < 0.0001); 0.3% of buds showed Ki67 positivity (P < 0.0001). Caspase‐3 expression was similar in mucosa, tumour centre and tumour front, but lower in tumour buds (<0.1%; P < 0.0001). M30 staining in buds was decreased (0.01%; P < 0.0001) in comparison to other areas. Ki67 positivity in buds was detrimental to survival in univariate (P = 0.0352) and multivariate (P = 0.0355) analysis. Caspase‐3‐positive tumours showed better outcome than negative tumours (P = 0.0262); but tumours with caspase‐3‐positive buds showed a worse outcome than those with caspase‐3‐negative buds (P = 0.0235).ConclusionsKi67, caspase‐3 and M30 staining is absent in most tumour buds, suggesting decreased proliferation and apoptosis. However, the fact that Ki67 and caspase‐3 immunoreactivity was associated with unfavourable prognosis points to a heterogeneous population of tumour buds.
Loss of special AT‐rich sequence‐binding protein 1 (SATB1) predicts poor survival in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Al‐Sohaily Sam , Henderson Christopher , Selinger Christina , Pangon Laurent , Segelov Eva , Kohonen‐Corish Maija R. J. , Warusavitarne Janindra 
Published: October 2013

AimSpecial AT‐rich sequence‐binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a cell type‐specific matrix attachment region binding protein, functioning as a global genome organizer. This study aims to investigate the expression pattern and the prognostic value of SATB1 in colorectal cancer.Methods and resultsProspectively collected data were obtained and tissue microarrays were constructed from a cohort of 352 patients. SATB1 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and scored by two independent investigators. SATB1 expression was predominantly nuclear in both normal and cancer tissues. Loss of SATB1 nuclear expression was seen in 22% of colorectal cancers compared to 1.5% of adjacent normal colorectal tissue, and was associated with worse overall survival (P = 0.02) independent of age and stage of disease (HR 2.48 with 95% CI 1.31–4.70). Loss of SATB1 expression was more evident in younger patients (P = 0.03), tumours with mucinous or signet ring histology (P = 0.0001) and poor differentiation (P = 0.005). SATB1 expression was associated with a survival advantage in patients with Dukes C tumours who received adjuvant chemotherapy.ConclusionLoss of SATB1 nuclear expression correlates with poor survival and a less favourable response to adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. The value of SATB1 in individualized colorectal cancer therapy warrants further evaluation.
Reduced expression of αGlcNAc in Barrett's oesophagus adjacent to Barrett's adenocarcinoma – a possible biomarker to predict the malignant potential of Barrett's oesophagus
Authors: Iwaya Yugo , Hasebe Osamu , Koide Naohiko , Kitahara Kei , Suga Tomoaki , Shinji Akihiro , Muraki Takashi , Yokosawa Shuichi , Yamada Shigenori , Arakura Norikazu , Tanaka Eiji , Nakayama Jun 
Published: October 2013

AimsGastric gland mucin contains O‐glycans exhibiting terminal α1,4‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine residues (αGlcNAc). Recently we demonstrated that mice deficient in αGlcNAc in gastric gland mucin develop gastric adenocarcinoma spontaneously, indicating that αGlcNAc is a tumour suppressor for gastric cancer. However, the role of αGlcNAc in Barrett's oesophagus (BO) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated whether reduced αGlcNAc expression in BO is associated with development of Barrett's adenocarcinoma (BAC).Methods and resultsThirty‐five BO lesions adjacent to BAC were examined by immunohistochemistry for αGlcNAc, MUC6 and CDX2. As controls, 35 BO lesions without BAC obtained from patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma were also analysed. Expression of αGlcNAc relative to its scaffold MUC6 in BO adjacent to BAC was reduced significantly compared to control BO. Decreased αGlcNAc expression in BO adjacent to BAC was particularly significant in patients with smaller tumour size (<20 mm) and minimal invasion of tumour cells to the superficial muscularis mucosae. There was also a significant inverse correlation between αGlcNAc and CDX2 expression in BO adjacent to BAC.ConclusionsDecreased expression of αGlcNAc compared with MUC6 in BO is a possible hallmark in predicting BAC development.
Targeted therapies for sarcomas: new roles for the pathologist
Authors: Al‐Zaid Tariq , Somaiah Neeta , Lazar Alexander J 
Published: October 2013

Sarcomas are a heterogeneous family of mesenchymal malignancies that employ an impressive variety of pathogenetic mechanisms. The traditional role of the pathologist in this field has been to ensure accurate diagnosis and histological grading to direct therapy. More recently, with the advent of targeted therapies directed at particular molecular alterations, the role of the pathologist has expanded and increased awareness of the genetic features of sarcomas is needed to deliver optimal multidisciplinary care. This review discusses these trends and briefly enumerates many of the molecular derangements and targeted agents currently used or under investigation in soft tissue sarcoma. A few sarcomas are highlighted in more detail to illustrate how pathologists can exert positive influence on patient care – not just through diagnosis and grading, but also with molecular characterizations. Featured sarcomas include alveolar soft part sarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, gastrointestinal stromal tumour, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour and PEComas.
Loss of membranous expression of the intracellular domain of EpCAM is a frequent event and predicts poor survival in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Fong Dominic , Moser Patrizia , Kasal Armin , Seeber Andreas , Gastl Guenther , Martowicz Agnieszka , Wurm Martin , Mian Christine , Obrist Peter , Mazzoleni Guido , Spizzo Gilbert 
Published: October 2013

AimsEpithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a widely used immunohistochemical marker for epithelial human malignancies. Antibodies to target EpCAM are usually directed against its ectodomain (EpEX), but do not detect the intracellular domain (EpICD). The aim of this study was to compare membranous EpEX versus EpICD expression by immunohistochemistry.Methods and resultsConcurrent EpEX and EpICD expression was investigated retrospectively in cancerous and matched non‐neoplastic tissue samples from patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In total, 317 paired samples of pancreatic tissue from 88 patients were analysed and correlated with clinicopathological parameters. In non‐cancerous tissue, a high concordance of membranous EpEX and EpICD expression was observed and defined as the expression of the full‐length EpCAM (EpEX+/EpICD+ phenotype, EpCAMMF), which was highly predominant. In contrast, while most tumour samples were EpEX positive, loss of membranous EpICD expression (EpEX+/EpICD− phenotype, EpCAMMT) was observed in one‐third of cases, and these patients had a significantly shortened disease‐free and overall survival.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates for the first time that loss of membranous EpICD expression is a frequent event and predicts poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. Additional studies evaluating the predictive and prognostic value of the expression of different membranous EpCAM variants are warranted in epithelial cancers.
Determination of the influence of factors (ethanol, pH and aw) on the preservation of cosmetics using experimental design
Authors: Berthele H. , Sella O. , Lavarde M. , Mielcarek C. , Pense‐Lheritier A.‐M. , Pirnay S. 
Published: October 2013

SynopsisObjectiveEthanol, pH and water activity are three well‐known parameters that can influence the preservation of cosmetic products. With the new constraints regarding the antimicrobial effectiveness and the restrictive use of preservatives, a D‐optimal design was set up to evaluate the influence of these three parameters on the microbiological conservation.MethodsTo monitor the effectiveness of the different combination of these set parameters, a challenge test in compliance with the International standard ISO 11930: 2012 was implemented. The formulations established in our study could support wide variations of ethanol concentration, pH values and glycerin concentration without noticeable effects on the stability of the products.ResultsIn the conditions of the study, determining the value of a single parameter, with the tested concentration, could not guarantee microbiological conservation. However, a high concentration of ethanol associated with an extreme pH could inhibit bacteria growth from the first day (D0). Besides, it appears that despite an aw above 0.6 (even 0.8) and without any preservatives incorporated in formulas, it was possible to guarantee the microbiological stability of the cosmetic product when maintaining the right combination of the selected parameters.ConclusionFollowing the analysis of the different values obtained during the experimentation, there seems to be a correlation between the aw and the selected parameters aforementioned. An application of this relationship could be to define the aw of cosmetic products by using the formula, thus avoiding the evaluation of this parameter with a measuring device.
In vitro anti‐Malassezia activity and potential use in anti‐dandruff formulation of Asparagus racemosus
Authors: Onlom C. , Khanthawong S. , Waranuch N. , Ingkaninan K. 
Published: October 2013

SynopsisObjectiveMalassezia species are frequently associated with dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis. The study was conducted to evaluate anti‐fungal activities of the extracts obtained from the roots of Asparagus racemosus Willd against Malassezia furfur and M. globosa.MethodsAsparagus racemosus roots were successively extracted with the series of solvents, that is, hexane, ethanol and water, and also a saponin‐enriched fraction was prepared. The amounts of saponin (equivalent to shatavarin IV) in the extracts were determined using ELISA. The extracts were tested for anti‐fungal activity by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods.ResultsBy disc diffusion, only the ethanolic and saponin‐enriched extracts demonstrated anti‐fungal activity against M. furfur and M. globosa at the concentration of 1 mg per disc whereas the extracts with other solvents were ineffective. Multiple concentrations using the broth microdilution method against M. furfur and M. globosa yielded minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 25 mg mL−1 for the ethanolic extract but much higher potency for the saponin‐enriched extract: MICs to 0.20 and 0.40 mg mL−1 for M. furfur and M. globosa, respectively. These extracts showed no antagonist effect with the anti‐fungal agents, ketoconazole and zinc pyrithione.ConclusionThese studies revealed the antifungal activity of A. racemosus roots extracts. Because A. racemosus is also anti‐inflammatory agent, it has the potential use as an active ingredient in an anti‐dandruff formulation.
The effects of two 10% carbamide peroxide nightguard bleaching agents, with and without desensitizer, on enamel and sensitivity: an in vivo study
Authors: Navarra CO , Reda B , Diolosà M , Casula I , Di Lenarda R , Breschi L , Cadenaro M 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the effects of two 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) agents with or without desensitizers on tooth sensitivity, colour and enamel morphological changes.MethodsTwenty subjects used a 10% carbamide peroxide gel with or without fluoride and potassium nitrate for 2 weeks. Sensitivity, spectrophotometric evaluation of colour and morphological analyses of replicas with scanning electron microscope (SEM) were performed before and after treatment. All data were analysed statistically.ResultsBoth bleaching agents induced sensitivity; however, the 10% CP bleaching agent with fluoride and potassium nitrate produced significantly lower sensitivity (P < 0.05) than the bleaching product without desensitizing agents. In spectrophotometric evaluation, no difference in bleaching effectiveness was found between the tested bleaching gels, and the SEM analysis confirmed the absence of relevant alterations of the enamel surface in both groups.ConclusionThe use of 10% carbamide peroxide gel with fluoride and potassium nitrate reduced the incidence of sensitivity during the bleaching treatment compared to a bleaching agent that did not contain desensitizing agents. The bleaching effectiveness of the tested products was comparable.
Synthesis of High‐Purity Ti3SiC2by Microwave Sintering
Authors: Wang Qian , Hu Chunfeng , Cai Shu , Sakka Yoshio , Grasso Salvatore , Huang Qing 
Published: October 2013

High‐purity ternary laminated compound Ti3SiC2was successfully synthesized by a microwave heating method in the flowing argon for the first time. The mixtures of titanium, silicon, and graphitic carbon (Cgc) or activated carbon (Cac) with different molar ratios were used to investigate the reaction mechanisms. It was confirmed that Ti3SiC2with high purity of 98 vol.% was achieved without the aids of Al. The optimum experimental parameters were determined as Ti/Si/Cgchaving the molar ratio of 3/2.2/2, first holding at 1480°C for 30 min, and subsequent dwelling at 1300°C for 60 min.
Structural and Magnetic Property of Co1‐xNixFe2O4Nanoparticles Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: He Hai‐Yan 
Published: October 2013

The cobalt nickel ferrite (Co1‐xNixFe2O4 x = 0–1.0) nanoparticles were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Effects of nickel content and organic template on the microstructure and magnetic property of the nanoparticles were studied. The experimental results indicate that Ni2+ substitution for Co2+ and special synthesis technique leads to obvious change in microstructure and magnetic property of the ferrites. The ferrites show nonlinear variations in the saturation magnetization and the coercivity with nickel substitution, which are explained by shape anisotropy and supernormal cation distribution. The organic template also leads to variation in the microstructure and properties of the nanoparticles.
Effects of Mg‐Doping and of Reinforcing Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Content on the Structure and Properties of Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Ceramics
Authors: Bricha Meriame , Belmamouni Younes , El Mabrouk Khalil , Ferreira José M. F. 
Published: October 2013

Surfactant‐assisted hydrothermal synthesis of magnesium‐doped hydroxyapatite (Ca10−xMgx(PO4)6(OH)2) with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) was realized in aqueous solution at 90°C. β‐TCP phase was formed in the Mg0.6‐HA sample after heat treatment at 1000°C. Magnesium was found to degrade the sintering ability of Mgx‐HA ceramics. Flexural strength (σf) was found to decrease as a function of Mg‐doped HA. The using of carbon nanotubes as reinforcing agents mitigated the strength loss of Mg‐HA ceramics. The flexural strength of Mg0.6‐HA was then increased by nearly 20% from approximately 33 to 39 MPa with an optimum addition of 3 wt% of multi‐walled nanotubes.
Involving consumers in the work of a data linkage research unit
Authors: Jones Kerina H. , McNerney Cynthia L. , Ford David V. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe describe and reflect on the work of a Consumer Panel for a data linkage research unit in Wales, and show how the members are inputting into plans for the future. Our work is centred on conducting health‐related data linkage research using anonymously linked, routinely collected data from across Wales via the Secure Anonymous Information Linkage system. In recognition of the importance of including patients and the public in health‐related research, we have established a Consumer Panel to strengthen this voice in our work, and there are currently 10 members (4 men and 6 women) from across Wales, with a range of health‐related areas of interest. A review of Panel activities was carried out after the first year, and all members were invited to provide their views via a questionnaire survey using structured and free‐text responses. Initial feedback, obtained after the first meeting, was tentatively positive, and the questionnaire survey identified practical measures for improvement and future work. We have found the Consumer Panel to be a valuable addition to our work in the rapidly growing area of data linkage research. The views of Panel members provide a positive outlook and a fresh, and sometimes unexpected, perspective on various issues. The lessons we have learned, and our experience of involving the Panel in various aspects of our work, may be of value to others seeking to work with consumers in data linkage research, to researchers in general and to consumers themselves.
Advances in consumer education: European initiatives
Authors: Goldsmith Elizabeth B. , Piscopo Suzanne 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to inform the reader of developments in consumer education in the European Union and to present future directions for policy and research. The article responds to a call for more consumer education and the promotion of sustainable consumption. It makes a case for the benefits of studying the dynamic multi‐country process of developing coordinated consumer education curriculum and resources involving academics, government officials and non‐governmental organizations, ultimately affecting millions of students. The review of select initiatives, questions posed and subsequent recommendations highlights the complexity of the issues surrounding economic viability and the pedagogical and social value of transnational consumer education initiatives.
Japanese cuisine in Poland: attitudes and behaviour among Polish consumers
Authors: Czarniecka‐Skubina Ewa , Nowak Dorota 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn Poland, in recent years, the number of Japanese cuisine restaurants is still increasing. The aim of this article was to estimate the popularity of Japanese cuisine in Poland and to examine attitudes of Polish consumers towards it. The reasons why this cuisine is chosen by consumers are also studied. The scope of this work includes two anonymous questionnaires. The first study was conducted in Warsaw among 527 random respondents to estimate the level of familiarity with Japanese dishes. The second one was conducted among 115 consumers of a particular Japanese restaurant in Warsaw. Research of the target group was aimed at the characteristics of Japanese dishes consumers. On the basis of the results, it was found that random respondents have relatively little knowledge of Japanese dishes. However, a large percentage of them declared interest in Japanese culture and traditions and was inclined to taste the dishes of this region. Japanese restaurants are mainly popular among young people who follow current culinary trends and fashions and also care about their diet. High prices limit the customer group to well‐off people. Polish consumers visiting Japanese restaurants are usually persons between 31 and 40 years old, with higher education, live in the big cities, as well as with very good or good financial situation. Regular restaurant goers eat out quite often: once a week (38%) or at least once a month (27%). The restaurant studied is mainly visited by people familiar with Japanese cuisine. Sushi is the most popular of the dishes offered.
Optimisation of the peracetic acid washing disinfection of fresh‐cut strawberries based on microbial load reduction and bioactive compounds retention
Authors: Van de Velde Franco , Güemes Daniel R. , Pirovani María E. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryTotal microbial count reduction (TMR), total anthocyanins (TAR), and ascorbic acid retention (AAR) after the operation at different PAA concentrations (0–100 mg L−1), contact times (10–120 s), and temperatures (4–40°C) were used for multiple optimisation using Derringer′s desirability function. Two optimization scenarios (OP 1 and OP 2) were studied. OP 1 was proposed with the goal to maximize TMR with 90% TAR and AAR; and OP 2 maximizing TAR and AAR with TMR of 2 log UFC g−1. The optimized variable levels obtained were the following: 100 mg L−1 PAA, 24 °C and 50 s for OP 1 and 20 mg L−1 PAA, 18 °C and 52 s for OP 2. Additional validation experiments showed agreement between predicted and experimental results. OP 2 conditions are recommended to fresh‐cut strawberries washing disinfection because of an acceptable TMR, higher TAR and AAR, better sensory attributes, and the economic convenience of lesser PAA consumption.