bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Resolvent of H+A$$^{*}$$+A
Authors: Posilicano Andrea 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present a much shorter and streamlined proof of an improved version of the results previously given in [A. Posilicano: On the Self-Adjointness of $$H+A^{*}+A$$

H
+

A

∗

+
A

. Math. Phys. Anal. Geom.23 (2020)] concerning the self-adjoint realizations of formal QFT-like Hamiltonians of the kind $$H+A^{*}+A$$

H
+

A

∗

+
A

, where H and A play the role of the free field Hamiltonian and of the annihilation operator respectively. We give explicit representations of the resolvent and of the self-adjointness domain; the consequent Kreĭn-type resolvent formula leads to a characterization of these self-adjoint realizations as limit (with respect to convergence in norm resolvent sense) of cutoff Hamiltonians of the kind $$H+A^{*}_{n}+A_{n}-E_{n}$$

H
+

A
n

∗

+

A
n

-

E
n

, the bounded operator $$E_{n}$$

E
n

playing the role of a renormalizing counter term. These abstract results apply to various concrete models in Quantum Field Theory.
The order of operations and A/Ā interactions
Authors: Newman Elise 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDouble object constructions provide an ideal context in which to investigate interactions between multiple instances of movement. With two internal arguments, we can construct scenarios where one A-moves and another Ā-moves, such as in the passive wh-question What was Sue given? Holmberg et al. (2019) observe that in many languages (e.g. Norwegian) that otherwise permit either object of a double object construction to A-move to subject position, a restriction emerges when the indirect object wh-moves: the indirect object must also A-move (e.g. Who was given a book?). One cannot pronounce an indirect object wh-question in a clause where the direct object A-moves instead (*Who was a book given?). In this paper, I observe that this restriction is only found in languages that otherwise permit the indirect object to A-move. In languages such as Greek, which have no indirect object passives, indirect objects can freely wh-move in a direct object passive, and thus do not exhibit the same restriction as in Norwegian. I propose that this restriction comes about in languages such as Norwegian but not Greek due to the timing of wh-movement relative to A-movement within vP. Indirect objects wh-move through the position that controls A-movement early, blocking a direct object from A-moving, so long as the indirect object can A-move itself. The analysis features a smuggling approach to passives of ditransitives (Collins 2005) and an economy condition like van Urk and Richards’ (2015) Multitasking, which jointly predict the order of operations that gives rise to the wh-movement restriction observed in Norwegian.
PANet: Pluralistic Attention Network for Few-Shot Image Classification
Authors: Cao Wenming , Li Tianyuan , Liu Qifan , He Zhiquan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTraditional deep learning methods require a large amount of labeled data for model training, which is laborious and costly in real word. Few-shot learning (FSL) aims to recognize novel classes with only a small number of labeled samples to address these challenges. We focus on metric-based few-shot learning with improvements in both feature extraction and metric method. In our work, we propose the Pluralistic Attention Network (PANet), a novel attention-oriented framework, involving both a local encoded intra-attention(LEIA) module and a global encoded reciprocal attention(GERA) module. The LEIA is designed to capture comprehensive local feature dependencies within every single sample. The GERA concentrates on the correlation between two samples and learns the discriminability of representations obtained from the LEIA. The two modules are complementary to each other and ensure the feature information within and between images can be fully utilized. Furthermore, we also design a dual-centralization (DC) cosine similarity to eliminate the disparity of data distribution in different dimensions and enhance the metric accuracy between support and query samples. Our method is thoroughly evaluated with extensive experiments, and the results demonstrate that with the contribution of each component, our model can achieve high-performance on four widely used few-shot classification benchmarks of miniImageNet, tieredImageNet, CUB-200-2011 and CIFAR-FS.
Residential building and sub-building level flood damage analysis using simple and complex models
Authors: Paulik Ryan , Zorn Conrad , Wotherspoon Liam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlood damage assessment is critical for optimal risk management investments. Damage models evaluate physical damage or monetary loss from direct building exposure to flood hazard processes. Traditional models represent a simple relationship whereby physical damage increases with water depth. More complex models offer an improved understanding of vulnerability, analysing interactions between multiple hazard and exposure variables that drive damage. Our study investigates whether increasing model complexity and explanatory damage variables improves prediction precision and reliability at residential building and sub-building (component) levels. We evaluate simple and complex empirical univariable and multivariable models for flood damage prediction. The Random Forest algorithm learned on multiple hazard and exposure explanatory variables outperformed linear and non-linear univariable regression approaches. Random Forest model predictive precision was highest when learning was limited to water depth and several important explanatory damage variables (flow velocity, area and floor height). Component damage models demonstrated high predictive precision for internal finishes and services. Precision reduced for structure and external finishes as damage samples for model learning were limited. High performing but complex multivariable models require further spatio-temporal transfer investigation to determine opportunities for accurate and reliable object-specific flood damage prediction in data scarce locations.
Backbone curve tailoring via Lyapunov subcenter manifold optimization
Authors: Pozzi Matteo , Marconi Jacopo , Jain Shobhit , Braghin Francesco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present a technique for the direct optimization of conservative backbone curves in nonlinear mechanical systems. The periodic orbits on the conservative backbone are computed analytically using the reduced dynamics of the corresponding Lyapunov subcenter manifold (LSM). In this manner, we avoid expensive full-system simulations and numerical continuation to approximate the nonlinear response. Our method aims at tailoring the shape of the backbone curve using a gradient-based optimization with respect to the system’s parameters. To this end, we formulate the optimization problem by imposing constraints on the frequency-amplitude relation. Sensitivities are computed analytically by differentiating the backbone expression and the corresponding LSM. At each iteration, only the reduced-order model construction and sensitivity computation are performed, making our approach robust and efficient.
Forecasting the waste production hierarchical time series with correlation structure
Authors: Eryganov Ivan , Rosecký Martin , Šomplák Radovan , Smejkalová Veronika 
Published: July 2024

AbstractContinuous increase in society’s prosperity causes overwhelming growth of the produced municipal solid waste. Circular economy initiatives help to solve this problem by creating closed production cycles, where the produced waste is recycled, or its energy is recovered. An embedment of such principles requires implementation of new waste management strategies. However, these novel strategies must be based on the accurate forecasts of future waste flows. Municipal solid waste production data demonstrate behavior of hierarchical time series. Among all possible approaches to hierarchical times series forecasting, this article is focused on the reconciliation of the base waste generation forecasts. The novel method, that is based on the game-theoretically optimal reconciliation of hierarchical time series, is presented. The modified approach enables to incorporate interdependencies between time series using correlation matrix and to obtain the forecasts corresponding to the unique solution of the optimization problem. The potential of the proposed abstract approach is demonstrated on the waste production data of paper, plastics (both primarily sorted by households), and mixed municipal solid waste from the Czech Republic.
Topical Semisolid Drug Product Critical Quality Attributes with Relevance to Cutaneous Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics: Part I—Bioequivalence of Acyclovir Topical Creams
Authors: Mohammed Y. H. , Namjoshi S. N. , Jung N. , Windbergs M. , Benson H. A. E. , Grice J. E. , Raney S. G. , Roberts M. S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To develop a toolkit of test methods for characterizing potentially critical quality attributes (CQAs) of topical semisolid products and to evaluate how CQAs influence the rate and extent of active ingredient bioavailability (BA) by monitoring cutaneous pharmacokinetics (PK) using an In Vitro Permeation Test (IVPT).

Methods
Product attributes representing the physicochemical and structural (Q3) arrangement of matter, such as attributes of particles and globules, were assessed for a set of test acyclovir creams (Aciclostad® and Acyclovir 1A Pharma) and compared to a set of reference acyclovir creams (Zovirax® US, Zovirax® UK and Zovirax® Australia). IVPT studies were performed with all these creams using heat-separated human epidermis, evaluated with both, static Franz-type diffusion cells and a flow through diffusion cell system.

Results
A toolkit developed to characterize quality and performance attributes of these acyclovir topical cream products identified certain differences in the Q3 attributes and the cutaneous PK of acyclovir between the test and reference sets of products. The cutaneous BA of acyclovir from the set of reference creams was substantially higher than from the set of test creams.

Conclusions
This research elucidates how differences in the composition or manufacturing of product formulations can alter Q3 attributes that modulate myriad aspects of topical product performance. The results demonstrate the importance of understanding the Q3 attributes of topical semisolid drug products, and of developing appropriate product characterization tests. The toolkit developed here can be utilized to guide topical product development, and to mitigate the risk of differences in product performance, thereby supporting a demonstration of bioequivalence (BE) for prospective topical generic products and reducing the reliance on comparative clinical endpoint BE studies.
Interactions between an arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum and the root-associated microbiome in shaping the response of Capsicum annuum “Locale di Senise” to different irrigation levels
Authors: Calvo Alice , Reitz Thomas , Sillo Fabiano , Montesano Vincenzo , Cañizares Eva , Zampieri Elisa , Mahmoudi Roghayyeh , Gohari Gholamreza , Chitarra Walter , Giovannini Luca , Conte Adriano , Mennone Carmelo , Petruzzelli Gianniantonio , Centritto Mauro , González-Guzmán Miguel , Arbona Vicent , Fotopoulos Vasileios , Balestrini Raffaella 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
The use of root-associated microorganisms emerge as a sustainable tool to enhance crop tolerance and productivity under climate change, particularly in drought-affected areas. Here, the impact of an inoculum based on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was evaluated on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation at varying water irrigation treatments (well-watered, reduced irrigation and rain-fed) under open-field conditions.

Methods
Agronomic and ecophysiological parameters, as well as biochemical analyses on stress markers and phytohormones in leaves and on fruit quality traits, were evaluated, along with the shifts in soil- and root-associated microbial communities.

Results
Rain-fed water treatment caused reduced fruit sizes, while no differences were detected among well-watered and reduced irrigation. Reduced irrigation did not cause a reduction in stomatal conductance. The highest AM fungal colonization rates were observed under reduced irrigation, and the enhanced flavonoid content and reduced oxidative stress markers in AMF-inoculated plants suggested a synergistic effect of AM fungal inoculation in boosting plant tolerance against stress. A shift in microbial community composition in the different irrigation treatments, associated with different enzymatic activity, highlighted the potential role of microbial dynamics in plant stress response under water-limited conditions.

Conclusion
The study suggests that a reduced irrigation comes along with beneficial impacts on pepper root associated microbes, while not impairing crop performance and yields, indicating a potential of saving water. All together, our results imply that optimization of irrigation and beneficial plant–microbe interactions, such as AM fungal symbiosis, can improve pepper physiological and productivity features under climate change.
Interactive effects of fungal community structure and soil moisture on Wyoming big sagebrush performance
Authors: Engel Arden , Simler-Williamson Allison , Ravenscraft Alison , Bittleston Leonora , de Graaff Marie-Anne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aims
Local adaptation of plant populations to soil biotic conditions may complicate ecosystem restoration if seeds used in reseeding efforts are sourced from a different population than the one that succumbed to disturbance. Furthermore, climatic conditions may mediate the interaction between plants and soil microbial communities. This study aimed to assess how the composition of the local soil fungal community affects Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. wyomingensis) growth and its resource allocation to shoot and root growth under different moisture-availability conditions.

Methods
We explored sagebrush growth responses to inoculation with wet-adapted versus dry-adapted sagebrush-associated fungal communities in a 7-month greenhouse experiment. Seeds were planted with inoculum isolated from rhizosphere soil from either a relatively wet or a dry sagebrush-dominated site and subjected to a moisture regime representative of either the wet or dry site. Biomass, root morphology, and fungal community composition were assessed.

Results
Wet and dry sites hosted distinct in-situ fungal communities, and inoculum derived from different sites generated compositionally different fungal assemblages in the seedlings’ rhizospheres during the growth period. Compared to sterilized inoculum controls, live inoculum from either site enhanced seedling biomass, but only when soil moisture simulated that of the inoculum’s source site. Dry-site inoculum also produced longer, finer roots under dry-site conditions.

Conclusions
Moisture similar to the fungal inoculum’s source was necessary for fungi to positively impact sagebrush growth and root characteristics. Applying fungal inoculum adapted to an intended restoration site’s moisture could help seedlings optimize water uptake and productivity, encouraging sagebrush establishment.
Radial and angular correlations in a confined system of two atoms in two-dimensional geometry
Authors: Kościk Przemysław 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe study the ground-state entanglement between two atoms in a two-dimensional isotropic harmonic trap. We consider a finite-range soft-core interaction that can be applied to simulate various atomic systems. We provide detailed results on the dependence of the correlations on the parameters of the system. Our investigations show that in the hardcore limit, the wave function can be approximated as the product of the radial and angular components regardless of the interaction range. This implies that the radial and angular correlations are independent of one another. However, correlations within the radial and angular components persist and are heavily influenced by the interaction range. The radial correlations are generally weaker than the angular correlations. When soft-core interactions are considered, the correlations exhibit more complex behavior.
Investigation of Chemiresisitive Electronic Nose for the Analysis of Multiple Analytes Using Pattern Recognition Algorithm
Authors: Keshari Ajay Kumar , Prabhakar Rao J. , Sree Rama Murthy A. , Jayaraman V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe multiple analytes produced during the operation of nuclear facilities are required to monitor the smooth operation of the plant in the environment of high temperature and radioactivity in real time. A chemiresisitive electronic nose was investigated and developed to analyze the multiple analytes generated in the nuclear reactor/allied facilities. An electronic nose consists of chemiresisitive sensor, array, housing, hardware, software, and pattern recognition algorithm. The sensor and array of different semiconductor metal oxides were prepared, processed, and developed to sense the multiple analytes. The hardware and data acquisition software (DAS) was designed and developed to acquire the dynamic responses from the array of four sensors. The hardware provides a low excitation voltage for measurement of the dynamic response of four sensors towards the improvement of the life of the sensor. The various experiments were conducted with multiple analytes at different temperatures to study the analysis of analytes. The performance of the hardware and DAS were tested and evaluated with the sensor array responses towards three analytes, viz., hydrogen (H2), formaldehyde (HCHO), and hydrazine (NH2NH2). Different features evaluated from the response traces were processed to teach the instrument using pattern recognition algorithms. The training and real-time testing of the sensor array realized the qualitative discrimination and quantitative estimation of the analytes.
The Role of Moral Norms in Political Theory
Authors: Erman Eva , Möller Niklas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the recent debate on political normativity in political philosophy, two positions have emerged among so-called political realists. On the first ‘non-moral’ view, political normativity is understood as orthogonal to moral normativity. On the second ‘filter view’, moral norms and prescriptions may be ‘filtered through’ the realities of politics such that they are altered by politics’ constitutive features. While the former has been severely criticized, the latter has remained underdeveloped and vague. To take the debate on political normativity forward, the aim in this paper is to explore what it could reasonably mean to claim that moral norms are filtered through politics and are aligned with its constitutive features. More specifically, we explore the role of moral norms in political theory. We take our starting-point in Larmore’s work and make two claims. First, we argue against Larmore’s claim – following political realists – that because political philosophy is concerned with the regulation of basic institutions and legal-political orders, it should primarily focus on political legitimacy rather than justice and always focus on legitimacy before justice. In our view, nothing in the constitutive features of politics supports such a conclusion. Second, we argue that any reasonable political theory relies on at least one moral premise, constituted by foundational principles (or values), which are independent of a society or polity. These are more basic than political principles in the sense that they put up the normative boundary conditions for such principles.
Chemical activation and magnetization of carbonaceous materials fabricated from waste plastics and their evaluation for methylene blue adsorption
Authors: Salama Eslam , Samy Mahmoud , Hassan Hassan Shokry , Mohamed Safaa , Mensah Kenneth , Elkady Marwa F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, novel adsorbents were synthesized via the activation and magnetization of carbon spheres, graphene, and carbon nanotubes fabricated from plastics to improve their surface area and porosity and facilitate their separation from aqueous solutions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy “FTIR”, X-ray diffraction “XRD”, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy “EDX”, transmission electron microscope “TEM”, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy “XPS” affirmed the successful activation and magnetization of the fabricated materials. Further, surface area analysis showed that the activation and magnetization enhanced the surface area. The weight loss ratio decreased from nearly 60% in the case of activated graphene to around 25% after magnetization, and the same trend was observed in the other materials confirming that magnetization improved the thermal stability of the fabricated materials. The prepared carbonaceous materials showed superparamagnetic properties according to the magnetic saturation values obtained from vibrating sample magnetometry analysis, where the magnetic saturation values were 33.77, 38.75, and 27.18 emu/g in the presence of magnetic activated carbon spheres, graphene, and carbon nanotubes, respectively. The adsorption efficiencies of methylene blue (MB) were 76.9%, 96.3%, and 74.8% in the presence of magnetic activated carbon spheres, graphene, and carbon nanotubes, respectively. This study proposes efficient adsorbents with low cost and high adsorption efficiency that can be applied on an industrial scale to remove emerging pollutants.
Extended lifespan in female Drosophila melanogaster through late-life calorie restriction
Authors: Li Michael , Macro Jacob , Huggins Billy J. , Meadows Kali , Mishra Dushyant , Martin Dominique , Kannan Kavitha , Rogina Blanka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCalorie restriction has many beneficial effects on healthspan and lifespan in a variety of species. However, how late in life application of caloric restriction can extend fly life is not clear. Here we show that late-life calorie restriction increases lifespan in female Drosophila melanogaster aged on a high-calorie diet. This shift results in rapid decrease in mortality rate and extends fly lifespan. In contrast, shifting female flies from a low- to a high-calorie diet leads to a rapid increase in mortality and shorter lifespan. These changes are mediated by immediate metabolic and physiological adaptations. One of such adaptation is rapid adjustment in egg production, with flies directing excess energy towards egg production when shifted to a high diet, or away from reproduction in females shifted to low-caloric diet. However, lifelong female fecundity reveals no associated fitness cost due to CR when flies are shifted to a high-calorie diet. In view of high conservation of the beneficial effects of CR on physiology and lifespan in a wide variety of organisms, including humans, our findings could provide valuable insight into CR applications that could provide health benefits later in life.