bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Experience of Mass Communication Structural-Functional Model Building
Authors: Решетников  , Reshetnikov Sergey 
Published: December 2013

The paper offers an ontological model of mass communication (MC), which
unites traditional structural-functional information approach and metaphorical simulation method. The selection of archetypical psychological structures, which can be laid in the basis of a representative communicative
model, is proved in this study. The model establishes the equality of communicator and recipient values in the communication process and the resulting structural symmetry of communication mental and activity cycles,
in particular, balances the communicative effect by the binding force of the
communicative order, that allows specify a meaning of "free press" term.
The model identifies six key positions for evaluation of MC system’s objective condition in society. Analysis of these positions is carried out in accordance with information flow distribution in the MC not on technological
characteristics (press, radio, TV, etc.), as it is done usually, but in accordance with K. Jung’s four psychological modes, that methodologically predetermined by ontological view on communication.
Prospects and efficiency of economic activity in modern Russia
Authors: Басовский  , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская  , Basovskaya Elena 
Published: December 2013

The demography of the organizations operating in national economy is
investigated. The indicator of growth of number of the organizations is entered.
It is established that growth rates of number of the organizations decrease. The
econometric forecast which shows prospects reduction of number of the
organizations and business in the country since 2014 accruing rates is executed.
The assessment of average cost of the capital in the country during 2005–2011
is received. Profitability of own capital on economic profit (EVA) of set of the
organizations on economy branches during 2005–2011 is calculated. It is
established that the majority of kinds of activity from the economic point of view
are unprofitable. After a world economic crisis efficiency of activity of the
organizations of the majority of branches increased only in 2010. In 2011 their
efficiency began to decrease again. It allows considering limited prospects of
development of economic activity and business in the country.
Approaches to assessing the quality of higher education
Authors: Савина  , Savina Irina 
Published: December 2013

The article discusses approaches to assessing the quality of higher education.
Determination of assessing the nature of the dynamics of income for those with
higher education in Russia during the working life allows us to consider the
problem from a new angle. Creation of methods and methodologies for assessing
the quality of higher education by calculating its social and individual, customer
value.
ABOUT THE INTEGRATED CHARACTER OF VALUATING A QUALITY OF PATRIOTIC EDUCATION AT A SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: ���������  , Safronova Elena 
Published: December 2013

In the article it is considered the author�s methods of valuating a
quality of a patriotic education at a secondary school, which is expressed in
capturing of a patriotic activity experience. The structure of experience is a
unity of three components: emotional-sensory (experiences, feelings, emotions
about events, phenomena of patriotism); relational (relating to facts,
phenomena and events of patriotism); efficient-practical (forms of activities,
patriotic actions). Herewith the experience of patriotic expression as a social
sense is considered to be a component of schoolchild�s personal achievements
in educational process, that corresponds to its interpretation in Federal State
Educational Standards of secondary (full) general education. The quality of patriotic
education is measured with such diagnostics as �Program of Monitoring
Expressing Emotions and Feelings by a Teenager due to Events and Phenomena
of Patriotism�, �Methods of Valuating the Formation of the Patriotic Attitude
(on basis of valuating scale)�, �Methods of Graphic Testing�, integrated
methods �Monitoring the Character of Pedagogical Interaction between.
In the article there is also a meaning of the integrated approach as a methodological
reference point in projecting and valuating the process and the result
of patriotic education.
Sazonalidade e Padrões Diários de Atividade de Machos de Euglossina (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apini) e Preferências por Fragrâncias Artificiais em um Remanescente de Brejo de Altitude na Paraíba
Authors: Farias Rodrigo Cesar Azevedo Pereira , Martins Celso Feitosa 
Published: December 2013

Resumo. As abelhas Euglossina ocorrem exclusivamente na região neotropical, com cerca de 200 espécies descritas. Utilizando-se fragrâncias artificiais como iscas, é possível realizar levantamentos faunísticos e estudar diversos aspectos ecológicos do grupo. Com o intuito de contribuir ao conhecimento da biodiversidade dos brejos de altitude, no tocante às abelhas Euglossina, sete fragrâncias artificiais foram utilizadas como iscas em um remanescente na cidade de Areia, Paraíba, em distintos períodos climáticos. Foram coletados 2.981 machos pertencentes a 14 espécies de Euglossina. A abundância e a riqueza foram maiores no período de estiagem, havendo variação no horário de atividade de um período para o outro. De modo geral, no período chuvoso os machos foram mais ativos após as 11h e, no de estiagem, entre 8h e 11h. Euglossa carolina (Nemésio), Eulaema nigrita (Lepeletier) e Eulaema cingulata (Fabricius) foram as espécies mais abundantes nos dois períodos. Beta ionona foi a fragrância que atraiu o maior número de espécies e indivíduos.
Seasonality and Daily Activity Patterns of Euglossina males (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apini) and Preferences for Artificial Fragrances in a Montane Atlantic Forest Remnant, Paraíba
Abstract. Euglossina bees are distributed exclusively in the Neotropical Region, with around 200 species described. By the usage of artificial fragrances as baits, it is possible to accomplish faunistic inventories and study several ecological aspects of the group. To contribute to the knowledge of the biodiversity of a Montane Atlantic Forest remnant, concerning to Euglossina, seven fragrances were used as baits in different climatic periods. A total of 2,981 males belonging to 14 species of Euglossina were collected. Abundance and richness were higher in the dry period. Changes in the daily activity patterns were observed from a period to the other. Generally, in the rainy season the males were more active after 11am and in the dry season between 8am and 11am. Euglossa carolina (Nemésio), Eulaema nigrita (Lepeletier) and Eulaema cingulata (Fabricius) were the most abundant species on both periods. Ionone beta was the fragrance which attracted more species and specimens.
Lutzomyia wellcomei Fraiha, Shaw & Lainson (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) em Fragmento de Mata Atlântica do Rio Grande do Norte, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Gomes Pinheiro Marcos Paulo , Tavares da Silva José Hilário , Da Escóssia Pegado Silva Vanessa , De Andrade Maria Jaqueline Monte , Freire de Melo Ximenes Maria de Fátima 
Published: December 2013

Leishmaniasis can affect humans and animals in visceral or cutaneous forms. The cutaneous form has been associated, among other species, with Lutzomyia wellcomei Fraiha, Shaw & Lainson, initially found in the Amazon region. The present study is based on monthly collections from January to December in an Atlantic Forest remnant and a peridomestic environment, using CDC light traps. This is the first systematized study of the specie in Rio Grande do Norte State. The insects were metalized under carbon tape, visualized and photographed with a scanning electron microscope. The most abundant species in the forest area was Lutzomyia walkeri Newstead followed by L. wellcomei. Of the total captured in the forest and the peridomestic environment, around 8% were L. wellcomei, the predominant species in the forest environment in the rainy season. L. wellcomei sandflies were not captured in the peridomestic environment. In the forest this species was found along with Lutzomyia whitmani Antunes & Coutinho and Lutzomyia intermedia Lutz & Neiva. Male and female Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva were predominant in the peridomestic environment. Microscopic analysis of the external morphology of L. wellcomei reveals details of male and female heads.
Lutzomyia wellcomei Fraiha, Shaw & Lainson (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) em fragmento de Mata Atlântica do Rio Grande do Norte, Nordeste do Brasil
Resumo. As leishmanioses podem afetar seres humanos e animais nas formas visceral e tegumentar. A forma tegumentar tem sido associada, entre outras espécies, a Lutzomyia wellcomei Fraiha, Shaw & Lainson, inicialmente encontrado na região amazônica. O estudo se baseou em coletas mensais de janeiro a dezembro em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica e em um ambiente peridomiciliar, com armadilhas luminosas CDC. Esse é o primeiro estudo sistematizado sobre essa espécie no Rio Grande do Norte. Os insetos foram identificados e analisados em relação às chuvas no local. Alguns espécimes de L. wellcomei foram metalizados sob fita de carbono, visualizados e fotografados em microscópio eletrônico de varredura. A espécie mais abundante na área de mata foi Lutzomyia walkeri Newstead seguida por L. wellcomei. Do total capturado no ambiente de mata e no peridomicílio, cerca de 8% corresponde a L. wellcomei, sendo esta a espécie predominante no ambiente de mata no período chuvoso. Flebotomíneos L. wellcomei não foram capturados em ambiente peridomiciliar. Na mata essa espécie foi encontrada juntamente às espécies Lutzomyia whitmani Antunes & Coutinho e Lutzomyia intermedia Lutz & Neiva. Machos e fêmeas Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva foram predominantes no ambiente peridomiciliar. A análise microscópica da morfologia externa de L. wellcomei revela detalhes da cabeça de machos e fêmeas.
New Records of Katydids of the Genus Quiva (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) to Brazil
Authors: Sovano Rafael Segtowick , Mendes Diego Matheus de Mello 
Published: December 2013

This paper reports a new record of Quiva diaphana Hebard and Quiva pulchella Rehn to Brazil along with the occurrence of Quiva abacata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) for the first time in the Brazilian Amazon, including distribution notes.
Novos Registros de Esperanças do Gênero Quiva (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) para o Brasil
Resumo. Este trabalho reporta novos registros de ocorrência de Quiva diaphana Hebard e Quiva pulchella Renh para o Brasil, juntamente com a ocorrência de Quiva abacata (Brunner von Wattenwyl) pela primeira vez para a Amazônia brasileira, incluindo notas de distribuição.
Composição e Diversidade da Fauna de Grilos (Orthoptera: Grylloidea) em um Fragmento de Floresta Pluvial Atlântica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Oliveira Camila Santos Pantoja de , Mendes Matheus Prem , Duarte Marcelo Netto , Rodrigues William Costa 
Published: December 2013

O objetivo foi analisar a fauna de grilídeos, sua relação com diferentes composições vegetais, o nível de serapilheira e os efeitos da sazonalidade. Foram realizadas quatro coletas, nas quatro estações do ano, entre abril de 2008 e março de 2009. Foram coletados 503 grilídeos com armadilhas de solo, em oito pontos de coleta. Os insetos coletados foram identificados os seguintes gêneros Anurogryllus, Anurogryllus, Argizala, Hygronemobius, Nemobius, Odontogryllus e Pteronemobius. Os grilídeos não possuem afinidade com solos descampados, diminuindo consideravelmente no local mais impactado. O nível de serapilheira não interferiu na abundância e as mudanças sazonais mostraram importância na variação populacional, entretanto, a diversidade e dominância mostraram-se fiéis às alterações ambientais mesmo em menores valores de abundância. Esses resultados mostram que os grilídeos podem ser indicadores ambientais, pois respondem às modificações do meio.
Composition and Diversity of the Crickets Fauna (Orthoptera: Grylloidea) in a Fragment of Atlantic Rain Forest in the Rio de Janeiro State
Abstract. This study aimed to analyze the fauna of cricket, its relation with different plant compositions, litter level and seasonality effects. Four collections were performed, in four season of the year, between April 2008 and March 2009. It was collected 503 crickets using soil traps, in eight sampling points. The insects collected were identified as the genera Anurogryllus, Argizala, Hygronemobius, Nemobius, Odontogryllus e Pteronemobius. The crickets have no affinity with uncovered soil, decreasing significantly in more impacted places. The litter level did not affect the abundance and the seasonal changes shown importance in the population variation, however, diversity and dominance showed fidelity to environmental changes even in lower abundance. These results show that crickets may be environmental indicators due to the answers the changes in environment.
Eliciting Prospect Theory When Consequences Are Measured in Time Units: “Time Is Not Money”
Authors: Abdellaoui Mohammed , Kemel Emmanuel 
Published: December 2013

We elicited the prospect theory components (utility, probability weighting, and loss aversion) when consequences are expressed as the time dedicated to a specific task or activity. A similar elicitation was performed for monetary consequences to allow an across-attribute (time/money) comparison of the elicited components (at the individual level). We obtained less concave utility and smaller loss aversion for time than for money. Moreover, while the probability weighting was predominantly inverse S-shaped for both attributes, it was less sensitive to probabilities and more elevated for time than for money. This finding implies more optimism for gains and more pessimism for losses. This paper was accepted by Peter Wakker, decision analysis.
Extensive Differences in Gene Expression Between Symbiotic and Aposymbiotic Cnidarians
Authors: Lehnert Erik M , Mouchka Morgan E , Burriesci Matthew S , Gallo Natalya D , Schwarz Jodi A , Pringle John R 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Coral reefs provide habitats for a disproportionate number of marine species relative to the small area of the oceans that they occupy. The mutualism between the cnidarian animal hosts and their intracellular dinoflagellate symbionts provides the nutritional foundation for coral growth and formation of reef structures, because algal photosynthesis can provide &gt;90% of the total energy of the host. Disruption of this symbiosis (“coral bleaching”) is occurring on a large scale due primarily to anthropogenic factors and poses a major threat to the future of coral reefs. Despite the importance of this symbiosis, the cellular mechanisms involved in its establishment, maintenance, and breakdown remain largely unknown. We report our continued development of genomic tools to study these mechanisms in Aiptasia, a small sea anemone with great promise as a model system for studies of cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis. Specifically, we have generated de novo assemblies of the transcriptomes of both a clonal line of symbiotic anemones and their endogenous dinoflagellate symbionts. We then compared transcript abundances in animals with and without dinoflagellates. This analysis identified &gt;900 differentially expressed genes and allowed us to generate testable hypotheses about the cellular functions affected by symbiosis establishment. The differentially regulated transcripts include &gt;60 encoding proteins that may play roles in transporting various nutrients between the symbiotic partners; many more encoding proteins functioning in several metabolic pathways, providing clues regarding how the transported nutrients may be used by the partners; and several encoding proteins that may be involved in host recognition and tolerance of the dinoflagellate.
The Dynamics of Diverse Segmental Amplifications in Populations ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeAdapting to Strong Selection
Authors: Payen Celia , Di Rienzi Sara C , Ong Giang T , Pogachar Jamie L , Sanchez Joseph C , Sunshine Anna B , Raghuraman M K , Brewer Bonita J , Dunham Maitreya J 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPopulation adaptation to strong selection can occur through the sequential or parallel accumulation of competing beneficial mutations. The dynamics, diversity, and rate of fixation of beneficial mutations within and between populations are still poorly understood. To study how the mutational landscape varies across populations during adaptation, we performed experimental evolution on seven parallel populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae continuously cultured in limiting sulfate medium. By combining quantitative polymerase chain reaction, array comparative genomic hybridization, restriction digestion and contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis, and whole-genome sequencing, we followed the trajectory of evolution to determine the identity and fate of beneficial mutations. During a period of 200 generations, the yeast populations displayed parallel evolutionary dynamics that were driven by the coexistence of independent beneficial mutations. Selective amplifications rapidly evolved under this selection pressure, in particular common inverted amplifications containing the sulfate transporter gene SUL1. Compared with single clones, detailed analysis of the populations uncovers a greater complexity whereby multiple subpopulations arise and compete despite a strong selection. The most common evolutionary adaptation to strong selection in these populations grown in sulfate limitation is determined by clonal interference, with adaptive variants both persisting and replacing one another.
Double-Strand Break Repair Assays Determine Pathway Choice and Structure of Gene Conversion Events inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Do Anthony T , Brooks Joseph T , Le Neveu Margot K , LaRocque Jeannine R 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDouble-strand breaks (DSBs) must be accurately and efficiently repaired to maintain genome integrity. Depending on the organism receiving the break, the genomic location of the DSB, and the cell-cycle phase in which it occurs, a DSB can be repaired by homologous recombination (HR), nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), or single-strand annealing (SSA). Two novel DSB repair assays were developed to determine the contributions of these repair pathways and to finely resolve repair event structures in Drosophila melanogaster. Rad51-dependent homologous recombination is the preferred DSB repair pathway in mitotically dividing cells, and the pathway choice between HR and SSA occurs after end resection and before Rad51-dependent strand invasion. HR events are associated with long gene conversion tracts and are both bidirectional and unidirectional, consistent with repair via the synthesis-dependent strand annealing pathway. Additionally, HR between diverged sequences is suppressed in Drosophila, similar to levels reported in human cells. Junction analyses of rare NHEJ events reveal that canonical NHEJ is utilized in this system.
Buttonhole Cannulation and Clinical Outcomes in a Home Hemodialysis Cohort and Systematic Review
Authors: Muir Christopher A. , Kotwal Sradha S. , Hawley Carmel M. , Polkinghorne Kevan , Gallagher Martin P. , Snelling Paul , Jardine Meg J. 
Published: December 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
The relative merits of buttonhole (or blunt needle) versus rope ladder (or sharp needle) cannulation for hemodialysis vascular access are unclear.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Clinical outcomes by cannulation method were reviewed in 90 consecutive home hemodialysis patients. Initially, patients were trained in rope ladder cannulation. From 2004 on, all incident patients were started on buttonhole cannulation, and prevalent patients were converted to this cannulation method. Coprimary outcomes were arteriovenous fistula-attributable systemic infections and a composite of arteriovenous fistula loss or requirement for surgical intervention. Secondary outcomes were total arteriovenous fistula-related infections and staff time requirements. Additionally, a systematic review evaluating infections by cannulation method was performed.

Results
Seventeen systemic arteriovenous fistula-attributable infections were documented in 90 patients who were followed for 3765 arteriovenous fistula-months. Compared with rope ladder, buttonhole was not associated with a significantly higher rate of systemic arteriovenous fistula-attributable infections (incidence rate ratio, 2.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.66 to 11.09; P=0.17). However, use of buttonhole was associated with a significantly higher rate of total arteriovenous fistula infections (incidence rate ratio, 3.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.66 to 12.77; P=0.03). Initial and ongoing staff time requirements were significantly higher with buttonhole cannulation. Arteriovenous fistula loss or requirement for surgical intervention was not different between cannulation methods. A systematic review found increased arteriovenous fistula-related infections with buttonhole compared with rope ladder in four randomized trials (relative risk, 3.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.91 to 12.20), seven observational studies comparing before with after changes (relative risk, 3.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.90 to 5.21), and three observational studies comparing units with different cannulation methods (relative risk, 3.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.44 to 7.43).

Conclusion
Buttonhole cannulation was associated with higher rates of infectious events, increased staff support requirements, and no reduction in surgical arteriovenous fistula interventions compared with rope ladder in home hemodialysis patients. A systematic review of the published literature found that buttonhole is associated with higher risk of arteriovenous fistula-related infections.
Comparison of Hospitalization Rates among For-Profit and Nonprofit Dialysis Facilities
Authors: Dalrymple Lorien S. , Johansen Kirsten L. , Romano Patrick S. , Chertow Glenn M. , Mu Yi , Ishida Julie H. , Grimes Barbara , Kaysen George A. , Nguyen Danh V. 
Published: December 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
The vast majority of US dialysis facilities are for-profit and profit status has been associated with processes of care and outcomes in patients on dialysis. This study examined whether dialysis facility profit status was associated with the rate of hospitalization in patients starting dialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of Medicare beneficiaries starting dialysis between 2005 and 2008 using data from the US Renal Data System. All-cause hospitalization was examined and compared between for-profit and nonprofit dialysis facilities through 2009 using Poisson regression. Companion analyses of cause-specific hospitalization that are likely to be influenced by dialysis facility practices including hospitalizations for heart failure and volume overload, access complications, or hyperkalemia were conducted.

Results
The cohort included 150,642 patients. Of these, 12,985 (9%) were receiving care in nonprofit dialysis facilities. In adjusted models, patients receiving hemodialysis in for-profit facilities had a 15% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 13% to 18%) higher relative rate of hospitalization compared with those in nonprofit facilities. Among patients receiving peritoneal dialysis, the rate of hospitalization in for-profit versus nonprofit facilities was not significantly different (relative rate, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.17). Patients on hemodialysis receiving care in for-profit dialysis facilities had a 37% (95% CI, 31% to 44%) higher rate of hospitalization for heart failure or volume overload and a 15% (95% CI, 11% to 20%) higher rate of hospitalization for vascular access complications.

Conclusions
Hospitalization rates were significantly higher for patients receiving hemodialysis in for-profit compared with nonprofit dialysis facilities.