bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning by game design: Exploring its potential in undergraduate information literacy instruction
Authors: Ramnarine‐Rieks Angela 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis study explores the use of game design and its impact on content learning, understanding and retention of knowledge, in information literacy classes. Information literacy (IL) concept is considered critical in a growing number of social and academic contexts. Despite the importance of IL many learners still have little idea how to evaluate information for relevance, accuracy or authority and are generally uncritical about messages offered to them through online media. The discourse on the use of games as a platform for library orientations and instruction is increasingly addressed in the current practitioner oriented literature. However, very few learning programs offer the design component. This quasi‐experimental study uses a pre‐test/post‐test design. The sample is a non‐probability convenience sample of undergraduate students. Findings show that students were able to design functional games using various game design characteristics. This study has the potential of creating new knowledge about the incorporation of learning by game design specific to higher education and libraries.
Self‐navigated isotropic three‐dimensional cardiac T2 mapping
Authors: van Heeswijk Ruud B. , Piccini Davide , Feliciano Hélène , Hullin Roger , Schwitter Juerg , Stuber Matthias 
Published: May 2014

PurposeTo implement and characterize an isotropic three‐dimensional cardiac T2 mapping technique.MethodsA self‐navigated three‐dimensional radial segmented balanced steady‐state free precession pulse sequence with an isotropic 1.7‐mm spatial resolution was implemented at 3T with a variable T2 preparation module. Bloch equation and Monte Carlo simulations were performed to determine the influence of the heart rate, B1 inhomogeneity and noise on the T2 fitting accuracy. In a phantom study, the accuracy of the pulse sequence was studied through comparison with a gold‐standard spin‐echo T2 mapping method. The robustness and homogeneity of the technique were ascertained in a study of 10 healthy adult human volunteers, while first results obtained in patients are reported.ResultsThe numerical simulations demonstrated that the heart rate and B1 inhomogeneity cause only minor deviations in the T2 fitting, whereas the phantom study showed good agreement of the technique with the gold standard. The volunteer study demonstrated an average myocardial T2 of 40.5 ± 3.3 ms and a <15% T2 gradient in the base‐apex and anterior‐inferior direction. In three patients, elevated T2 values were measured in regions with expected edema.ConclusionThis respiratory self‐navigated isotropic three‐dimensional technique allows for accurate and robust in vitro and in vivo T2 quantification. Magn Reson Med 73:1549–1554, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A ‘Recipe for Depopulation’? School Closures and Local Population Decline in Saxony
Authors: Barakat Bilal 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA popular notion asserts that closing the last primary school marks a community's demographic death. No young parents will remain, much less new ones move in. This notion is frequently voiced but rarely verified. Are school closures a cause or consequence of local decline? This study reviews existing research on school locations and peripheral population decline to show that expectations of a dramatic impact of school closures on out‐migration are theoretically ill‐founded. I proceed to discuss specific methodological challenges in the empirical analysis of this relationship, and conduct a statistical analysis for the province of Saxony in East Germany for the period 1994–2007. In contrast to the prevailing discourse, there is little evidence of an appreciable effect of primary school closures on local population decline. This negative finding is discussed in light of local contextual factors and general insights from population geography. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of deposition parameters on ZnO and ZnO:Al thin films
Authors: Duygulu Nilufer Evcimen , Kodolbas Alp Osman , Ekerim Ahmet 
Published: May 2014

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) and 2% aluminium doped ZnO (ZnO:Al) thin films were deposited on glass by using r.f. magnetron sputtering without intentional heating. The r.f. power was varied in the range of 150 W to 175 W and process gas (argon) pressure was changed from 0.20 Pa to 0.60 Pa in small variation ranges to identify the influence of sputtering parameters. Achieved results were analysed with the help of XRD, AFM, SEM, HRTEM, four point probe, optical transmittance measurement techniques. According to the results, 165 W was selected as optimum r.f. power value, while 0.20 Pa for ZnO and 0.30 Pa for ZnO:Al thin films were determined as argon gas pressure values. All the thin films were oriented with the crystallographic c‐(002) axis perpendicular to the substrate surface. Moreover, at this deposition values; the resistivity was measured as around 10‐3Ω.cm, while the deposition rate showed variations. The optical transmittance of ZnO:Al was obtained (85%) higher than ZnO (75%) thin film. The optical band gap was changed from 3.45 eV to 4.2 eV. Surface roughness (RMS) values were obtained as 5.44 nm for ZnO and as 2.36 nm for ZnO:Al. (© WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Neurologic disease in HIV‐infected children and the impact of combination antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Crowell Claudia S. , Malee Kathleen M. , Yogev Ram , Muller William J. 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYThe prevalence of HIV‐associated neurocognitive impairment in perinatally HIV‐infected children has declined since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Early initiation of cART in infancy has been shown to positively impact neurodevelopment; however, children continue to be diagnosed with HIV outside of the early infancy period and can experience subtle to severe neurocognitive deficits despite cART. The causes of these neurocognitive deficits despite effective cART are multifactorial and likely include continued viral replication in the CNS, ongoing neuroinflammation, irreversible CNS injury prior to cART initiation, neurotoxic effects of cART, and socioeconomic and psychosocial effects. Many aspects of our understanding of HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders have emerged from research in adult patients, but perinatally HIV‐infected children represent a very different population. These children were exposed to HIV during a period of rapid brain development and have lifelong infection and potential lifelong cART exposure. HIV is no longer a rapidly fatal disease, and most HIV‐infected children in resource‐rich countries are living into adulthood. It is therefore critical to optimize neurocognitive outcomes of these youth. This review summarizes current understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV‐associated CNS infection and the impact of cART on neurocognitive function in children and adolescents and discusses important areas for future research. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activation of endogenous type I IFN signaling contributes to persistent HCV infection
Authors: Li Yujia , Li Shilin , Duan Xiaoqiong , Liu Bing , Yang Chunhui , Zeng Peibin , McGilvray Ian , Chen Limin 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYHCV infection is a major world health problem, leading to both end‐stage liver disease and primary liver cancer. Great efforts have been made in developing new therapies for HCV infection; however, combination therapy with pegylated IFN‐α and ribavirin (pegIFN‐RBV) remains the first choice of treatment for chronic HCV infection in most countries. The treatment response to pegIFN‐RBV remains relatively low. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of persistent HCV infection and pegIFN‐RBV resistance will suggest ways of improving the current standard of care and offers new antiviral therapies for both HCV and other viral infections. Recent data suggest that increased expression of hepatic IFN‐stimulated genes (ISGs) before treatment is associated with treatment nonresponse in patients chronically infected with HCV. Although ISGs are generally antiviral in nature, in the case of HCV, the virus may exploit some of them to its benefit. This is not unique to HCV: Blockade of type I IFN signaling has been shown to control persistent LCMV infection. Thus, in certain viral infections, preactivation or overactivation of type I IFN signaling may contribute to viral persistence. In this review, we briefly summarize the findings from high‐throughput gene expression profiling from patients chronically infected with HCV, then focus on a novel ubiquitin‐like signaling pathway (ISG15/USP18) and its potential role in HCV persistence. Finally, the role of activation of endogenous type I IFN signaling in persistent HCV infection will be discussed in the context of recent studies indicating that blocking IFN signaling controls persistent LCMV infection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Antiproliferative Activity of Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells Is Mediated by FOXO Transcription Factors
Authors: Pellicano Francesca , Scott Mary T. , Helgason G. Vignir , Hopcroft Lisa E. M. , Allan Elaine K. , Aspinall-O’Dea Mark , Copland Mhairi , Pierce Andrew , Huntly Brian J. P. , Whetton Anthony D. , Holyoake Tessa L. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is initiated and maintained by the tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL which activates a number of signal transduction pathways, including PI3K/AKT signaling and consequently inactivates FOXO transcription factors. ABL-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) induce minimal apoptosis in CML progenitor cells, yet exert potent antiproliferative effects, through as yet poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that in CD34+ CML cells, FOXO1 and 3a are inactivated and relocalized to the cytoplasm by BCR-ABL activity. TKIs caused a decrease in phosphorylation of FOXOs, leading to their relocalization from cytoplasm (inactive) to nucleus (active), where they modulated the expression of key FOXO target genes, such as Cyclin D1, ATM, CDKN1C, and BCL6 and induced G1 arrest. Activation of FOXO1 and 3a and a decreased expression of their target gene Cyclin D1 were also observed after 6 days of in vivo treatment with dasatinib in a CML transgenic mouse model. The over-expression of FOXO3a in CML cells combined with TKIs to reduce proliferation, with similar results seen for inhibitors of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. While stable expression of an active FOXO3a mutant induced a similar level of quiescence to TKIs alone, shRNA-mediated knockdown of FOXO3a drove CML cells into cell cycle and potentiated TKI-induced apoptosis. These data demonstrate that TKI-induced G1 arrest in CML cells is mediated through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway and reactivation of FOXOs. This enhanced understanding of TKI activity and induced progenitor cell quiescence suggests that new therapeutic strategies for CML should focus on manipulation of this signaling network. Stem Cells 2014;32:2324–2337
Fire resistance performance of steel composite hollow RC column with inner tube under ISO 834 standard fire
Authors: Won Deok Hee , Park Woo Sun , Jang In‐Sung , Han Sang‐Hun , Han Taek Hee 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAn internally confined hollow RC (ICH RC) column offers strong and durable confinement owing to the reinforcement provided by the inner tube. The strength and ductility of the column are enhanced because of the continuous confining stress provided by the inner tube. The excellent structural performance of ICH RC columns makes them particularly suitable for applications in high‐rise buildings. However, if a high‐rise building is damaged by fire, it will collapse without fire resistance performance. Also, lack of evacuation measures endangers human life. Thus, to predict the status of structures in fires, their behaviour should be evaluated in terms of fire time. In this study, the fire resistance performance of an ICH RC column was analysed during an ISO 834 standard fire and with certain initial conditions. Furthermore, the effects of hollow ratio, thickness of inner tube and thickness of cover concrete on the fire resistance performance were analysed. The results could be used for designing fire‐resistant ICH RC columns.
Assessment of dynamic substructuring of a wind turbine foundation applicable for aeroelastic simulations
Authors: Damgaard M. , Andersen L. V. , Ibsen L. B. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDynamic vibration response of a wind turbine structure is examined. Emphasis is put on the dynamic interaction between the foundation and the subsoil, since stiffness and energy dissipation of the substructure affect the dynamic response of the wind turbine. Based on a standard lumped‐parameter model fitted to the frequency response of the ground, a surface foundation is implemented into the aeroelastic code FLEX5. In case of a horizontal stratum overlaying a homogeneous half‐space and within the low frequency range, analyses show that a standard lumped‐parameter model provides an accurate prediction of the frequency‐dependent foundation stiffness. The generalized stiffness matrix of the substructure is found to be in a reasonable agreement with the corresponding values based on a Guyan reduction scheme. In addition, experimental findings based on traditional and operational modal techniques on a Vestas V112‐3.3 MW wind turbine installed on drained soil clearly indicate that the energy dissipation related to the lowest eigenmode is described accurately in the aeroelastic simulation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of a net launcher for capturing urban gulls
Authors: Clark Daniel E. , Koenen Kiana K. G. , MacKenzie Kenneth G. , Pereira Jillian W. , DeStefano Stephen 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe capture of birds is a common part of many avian studies but often requires large investments of time and resources. We developed a novel technique for capturing gulls during the non‐breeding season using a net launcher that was effective and efficient. The technique can be used in a variety of habitats and situations, including urban areas. Using this technique, we captured 1,326 gulls in 125 capture events from 2008 to 2012 in Massachusetts, USA. On average, 10 ring‐billed gulls (Larus delawarensis; range = 1–37) were captured per trapping event. Capture rate (the number of birds captured per trapping event) was influenced by the type of bait used and also the time of the year (greatest in autumn, lowest in winter). Our capture technique could be adapted to catch a variety of urban or suburban birds and mammals that are attracted to bait. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Effects of satellite transmitters on captive and wild mallards
Authors: Kesler Dylan C. , Raedeke Andrew H. , Foggia Jennifer R. , Beatty William S. , Webb Elisabeth B. , Humburg Dale D. , Naylor Luke W. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTSatellite telemetry has become a leading method for studying large‐scale movements and survival in birds, yet few have addressed potential effects of the larger and heavier tracking equipment on study subjects. We simultaneously evaluated effects of satellite telemetry equipment on captive and wild mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) to assess impacts on behavior, body mass, and movement. We randomly assigned 55 captive ducks to one of 3 treatment groups, including a standard body harness group, a modified harness group, and a control group. Ducks in the control group were not fitted with equipment, whereas individuals in the other 2 groups were fitted with dummy transmitters attached with a Teflon ribbon harness or with a similar harness constructed of nylon cord. At the conclusion of the 14‐week captive study, mean body mass of birds in the control group was 40–105 g (95% CI) greater than birds with standard harnesses, and 28–99 g (95% CI) greater than birds with modified harnesses. Further, results of focal behavior observations indicated ducks with transmitters were less likely to be in water than control birds. We also tested whether movements of wild birds marked with a similar Teflon harness satellite transmitter aligned with population movements reported by on‐the‐ground observers who indexed local abundances of mid‐continent mallards throughout the non‐breeding period. Results indicated birds marked with satellite transmitters moved concurrently with the larger unmarked population. Our results have broad implications for field research and suggest that investigators should consider potential for physiological and behavioral effects brought about by tracking equipment. Nonetheless, results from wild ducks indicate satellite telemetry has the potential to provide useful movement data. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Green Oxidative Degradation of Methyl Orange with Copper(II) Schiff Base Complexes as Photo‐Fenton‐Like Catalysts
Authors: Fei Bao‐Li , Yan Qing‐Ling , Wang Jiang‐Hong , Liu Qing‐Bo , Long Jian‐Ying , Li Yang‐Guang , Shao Kui‐Zhan , Su Zhong‐Min , Sun Wei‐Yin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractTwo copper(II) complexes, namely [Cu(HL)Cl] (1) and [Cu(HL)Br] (2), where HL is the multidentate Schiff base N‐[(2‐oxy‐acetate)benzyl]‐2‐aminothanol, were synthesized and fully characterized. The CuII ions in 1 and 2 are pentacoordinate and the coordination arrangement is best described as distorted square‐pyramidal. The degradation of methyl orange (MO) was investigated using 1 and 2 as homogeneous photo‐Fenton‐like catalysts. 1 and 2 exhibited similar catalytic activity at neutral pH. The results suggest that they have advantages on catalyzing efficient degradation of organic dye through photo‐Fenton‐like reaction.
Management of the Pulmonary Artery during Video‐Assisted Thoracoscopic Left Upper Lobectomy
Authors: Guo Zhao‐hui , Kang Ming‐qiang , Lin Ruo‐bai , Zheng Wei , Zhu Yong , Zheng Bin , Xu Guo‐bing , Chen Chun 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundComplete video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (c‐VATS) for left upper lobectomy is difficult due to the branching pattern of the left pulmonary artery.ObjectiveOur purpose was to report outcomes of a modified technique of c‐VATS left upper lobectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively compared the outcomes of 83 patients with stage I/II non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received left upper lobectomy between 2008 and 2011; 32 underwent conventional c‐VATS and 50 received modified c‐VATS. In the modified procedure, the order in which hilum of lung was treated was from the lingular segmental artery to the superior pulmonary vein to the bronchus, and then finally the pulmonary artery.ResultsThe mean patient age was 63.6 ± 8.4 years, and no differences were observed in age, gender, and largest tumor diameter between the two groups. No conversion occurred in either group. The surgical time for modified c‐VATS was significantly shorter than that for conventional c‐VATS (210 vs. 270 min, p < 0.001). Drainage time after surgery and length of hospitalization for the modified c‐VATS group were significantly less than those for the conventional group (drainage 3 vs. 4 days, respectively, p = 0.041; length of hospitalization 7 versus 12 days, respectively; p < 0.001). Surgical margins were clear in all cases. Four (8.0 %) complications occurred in the modified procedure group compared with ten (31.3 %) in the conventional group (p = 0.015).ConclusionThis new technique offers shorter surgical and postoperative drainage time, shorter hospital stays, and fewer complications than conventional c‐VATS upper left lobectomy.
Genetic control of yield and yield components in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown under nitrogen limitation
Authors: Bouchet Anne-Sophie , Nesi Nathalie , Bissuel Christine , Bregeon Michel , Lariepe Amandine , Navier Hélène , Ribière Nicolas , Orsel Mathilde , Grezes-Besset Bruno , Renard Michel , Laperche Anne 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDespite its high nitrogen absorption capacity, oilseed rape (OSR) has a low apparent nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), which makes its production highly dependent on nitrogen fertilization. Improving NUE in OSR is therefore a main target in breeding. The objectives of the present work were to determine the genomic regions (QTLs) associated with yield and to assess their stability under contrasted nitrogen nutrition regimes. One mapping population, AM, was tested in a French location for three growing seasons (2011, 2012 and 2013), under two nitrogen conditions (optimal and low). Eight yield-related traits were scored and nitrogen-responsive traits were calculated. A total of 104 QTLs were detected of which 28 controlled flowering time and 76 were related to yield and yield components. Very few genotype × nitrogen interactions were detected and the QTLs were highly stable between the nitrogen conditions. In contrast, only a few QTLs were stable across the years of the trial, suggesting a strong QTL × year interaction. Finally, eleven critical genomic regions that were stable across nitrogen conditions and/or trial years were identified. One particular region located on the A5 linkage group appears to be a promising candidate for marker assisted selection programs. The different strategies for OSR breeding using the QTLs found in the present study are discussed.
Getting the work done: motivation needs and processes for seafarers and dock workers
Authors: Mitroussi Kyriaki , Notteboom Theo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMost of current literature on motivation at work is acontextual neglecting the role of contextual layers found in distinct industries or professional environments. The aim of the present paper is to extend traditional notions of work motivation by considering more explicitly the importance and impact of professional/industry contexts and extant processes in them on work motivation. The focus of the paper is on two maritime-related professional environments: seafarers working on board merchant vessels and dock workers performing cargo handling operations in seaports. The paper critically reviews the context and constituents of the two professions in view of adding a dimension/layer of industry context and environment to mainstream literature on motivation.
On Burning One’s Bridge: The Context of Gluckman’s Zulu Fieldwork
Authors: Gordon Robert J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractGluckman’s 1940 essay “An Analysis of a Social Situation in Modern Zululand” (aka as “The Bridge”) is widely acknowledged as one of the most influential in social anthropology for signalling a paradigm shift. This paper publishes a chapter of a previously unpublished, undated manuscript by Gluckman – probably from 1946 – describing how he did fieldwork in Zululand. A contextualizing essay discusses why Gluckman went to Zululand, what his preparations were, how he famously got “banned,” the role of the regent and the native commissioners in orchestrating this, and how local anti-semitism also played its part. It also suggests that his “banning,” coupled to his marriage in 1939 to Mary Brignoli, a member of the communist party, were crucial factors leading to this paradigm change. Finally, the afterlife of “The Bridge” is sketched showing how dismal was its original reception among peers and colleagues.