bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
18 F-FLT-PET for response evaluation of MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) in patients with solid tumors
Authors: Desar Ingrid , Gilles Rozemarie , van Herpen Carla , Timmer-Bonte Anja J. , Cantarini Mireille , van der Graaf Winette , Oyen Wim 
Published: November 2012

Selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) is a potent, selective, uncompetitive inhibitor of MEK 1 / 2, part of the RAF/MEK/ERK protein kinase signal cascade, which is responsible for tumor. This pilot study was used to explore if 18 F-fluoro-l-thymidine (FLT), a thymidine analogue positron emission tomography (PET) tracer and a surrogate marker for proliferation, can be used as an early predictor of response for patients with solid cancers treated with Selumetinib. FLT-PET scans were performed in four patients at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment with Selumetinib. FLT uptake in tumors was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by measuring standard uptake value (SUV) max in regions of interest (ROI). Results were compared to computed tomography (CT) scans (baseline and after 8 weeks), which were evaluated using the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) 1.0 criteria. One patient with melanoma showed both a qualitative and quantitative decrease in FLT uptake associated with a decrease in sum of longest diameter of 12% RECIST on CT evaluation. Another patient who had colorectal carcinoma (CRC) showed a significant increase in FLT uptake with initially stable, but eventually progressive disease on CT. The other two patients (one with melanoma and one with CRC) showed no significant changes in FLT uptake, whereas CT evaluation showed progressive disease. This is the first report describing changes in FLT-PET in patients receiving Selumetinib. In two patients, changes in FLT uptake as early as after 2 weeks of treatment were consistent with CT results after 8 weeks. Biomarkers to predict and evaluate treatment the outcome of targeted therapies are highly warranted. These initial results need further investigation.
Restoration of tooth fractures using fiber post and fragment reattachment: Three case reports
Authors: Akyuz Sefika Nur , Erdemir Ali 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMostly affected teeth from dental trauma are maxillary anterior teeth . The immediate agglutination of original fractured tooth part is a good alternative option in the scope of emergency treatment for remaining esthetical and functional problems. In this case presentation, the endodontic and esthetic treatment approach of crown and crown-root fractures that were occurred in various levels is shown.
Similar caries pattern in monozygotic twins: Role of nature and/or nurture
Authors: Deshpande Anshula , Deshpande Neeraj 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe present article attempts to relook at the role of genetics in the caries pattern in pediatric patients. Genetics exerts a major influence on initiation and progression of caries. Several investigators have studied the genetic aspects in humans using both twin studies and family pedigree approaches. The recent advances in molecular biology and the outcomes of the Human Genome Project can help to have innovative approaches to understand the etiology of this complex disease. A pair of 5-year-old monozygotic twin brothers was referred by the Pediatrician for multiple caries. Both the brothers were reared apart but presented with similar dental caries traits. Comprehensive oral health care with a preventive and therapeutic procedure was provided. Periodic recall visits were scheduled after every 6 months. By studying dental diseases in the twins reared apart, the element of environmental influence is eliminated while retaining the advantage of similar genotype in monozygotic twins. This report of monozygotic twins imparts light on the significant contribution of genetic factors on caries susceptibility.
Crown fragment reattachment in anterior-fractured tooth: A five-year follow-up
Authors: Martos Josué , Koller Clarissa D. , Silveira Luiz F. M. , Cesar-Neto João B. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTreatment of anterior dental fractures often requires an immediate procedure. Reattachment of the fragment to its original position is an optimal approach to aesthetic and functional rehabilitation. This paper reports the case of a permanent maxillary lateral incisor with crown fracture treated by adhesive fragment reattachment. Follow-up radiographs over 5 years demonstrated the satisfactory resolution of the clinical case.
Translating discoveries of research into general practice: Need of the hour
Authors: Goyal Lata , Gupta N. D. , Sharma Vivek K. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe live in an era of information, innovation and change. There are a wide range of differences between what is known and what is practiced. Variation occurs due to gap between the time that basic and clinical research knowledge takes for transforming into reality of practice. As a result, there is delay between adopting new and useful information and discarding ineffective and harmful ones. The way to fill this gap is performing evaluations of findings available and by making them accessible to the clinician. It is of paramount importance that clinical decision regarding patient health care should incorporate the best available scientific evidence. Clinical decision making based on good quality evidence will lead to more effective and efficient treatments. Evidence alone is never sufficient to make a clinical decision. For effective care, the practitioner needs a more efficient and effective way to search for information as wells as skills to rapidly evaluate and sort out what is useful and relevant.
Role of Interleukin 6–174G>C Polymorphism in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Zimmermann Christina , Weger Martin , Faschinger Christoph , Renner Wilfried , Mossböck Georg 
Published: November 2012

Purpose. In addition to its proinflammatory effects, interleukin (IL)–6 also possesses antiapoptotic properties. Recently, IL-6 has been reported to protect retinal ganglion cells from pressure-induced apoptosis, indicating a possible role in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). A common polymorphism in the promoter region of IL-6 gene at position -174 characterized by a substitution from G to C has been found to decrease transcription rate of IL-6. The aim of our study was to investigate a hypothesized association between IL-6-174G>C polymorphism and POAG in Caucasian patients. Methods. The present case-control study comprised 191 unrelated patients with POAG and 191 control subjects, matched for age and sex. Genotyping of the IL-6-174G>C polymorphism was done using polymerase chain reaction. Results. Allelic frequencies and genotype distribution of IL-6-174G>C did not significantly differ between patients with POAG and control subjects (p>0.05). Presence of the IL-6-174C allele was associated with a nonsignificant odds ratio of 0.78 (95% confidence interval 0.46–1.32; p=0.78) for POAG. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the functional IL-6-174G>C polymorphism itself is unlikely a major risk factor for POAG.
Adaptive threshold generation in robust fault detection using interval models: time‐domain and frequency‐domain approaches
Authors: Puig Vicenç , de Oca Saúl Montes , Blesa Joaquim 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, robust fault detection is addressed on the basis of evaluating the residual energy that it is compared against worst‐case value (threshold) generated considering parametric modeling uncertainty using interval models. The evaluation of the residual/threshold energy can be performed either in the time or frequency domain. This paper proposes methods to compute such energy in the two domains. The first method generates the adaptive threshold in the time domain through determining the worst‐case time evolution of the residual energy using a zonotope‐based algorithm. The second method evaluates the worst‐case energy evolution in the frequency domain using the Kharitonov polynomials. Results obtained using both approaches are related through the Parseval's theorem. Finally, two application examples (a smart servoactuator and a two DOFs helicopter) will be used to assess the validity of the proposed approaches and compare the results obtained. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Offset‐free multistep nonlinear model predictive control under plant–model mismatch
Authors: Tian Xuemin , Wang Ping , Huang Dexian , Chen Sheng 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYA multistep nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) framework is developed to achieve steady‐state offset‐free control in the presence of plant–model mismatch. Our formulation explicitly accounts for the effect of plant–model mismatch by involving the output feedback error, which is expressed as the difference between the measured process output and the predicted model output at the previous sampling instance, in the multistep model recursive prediction. The proposed scheme is capable of improving the performance of nonlinear MPC, because the plant–model mismatch is effectively compensated through the recursive prediction propagation. We prove that this formulation is able to remove the steady‐state error to achieve offset‐free control. The proposed nonlinear MPC framework is applied to a highly nonlinear two‐input two‐output continuous stirred tank reactor, in comparison with other MPC implementations. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed technique outperforms some existing popular MPC schemes and can realise offset‐free control even under significant plant–model mismatch and unmeasured disturbances. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Occupational exposure and mortality among workers at three titanium dioxide plants
Authors: Ellis Elizabeth D. , Watkins Janice P. , Tankersley William G. , Phillips Joyce A. , Girardi David J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundA cohort of 3,607 workers employed in three DuPont titanium dioxide production facilities was followed from 1935 through 2006.MethodsCombined and plant‐specific cohort mortality was compared with the overall US population and other DuPont employees. The relationships between selected causes of death and annual cumulative exposures to titanium dioxide and chloride were investigated using Poisson regression methods to examine trends with increasing exposure.ResultsAmong the 833 deaths, no causes of deaths were statistically significantly elevated either overall or plant‐specific when compared to the US population. Compared to DuPont workers, statistically significantly elevated SMRs for all causes, all cancers, and lung cancers were found driven by the workers at the oldest plant. Comparing increasing exposure groups to the lowest group, disease risk did not increase with exposure.ConclusionsThere was no indication of a positive association between occupational exposure and death from all causes, all cancers, lung cancers, non‐malignant respiratory disease, or all heart disease. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:282–291, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of opioid‐related deaths by work‐related injury
Authors: Cheng Melissa , Sauer Brian , Johnson Erin , Porucznik Christina , Hegmann Kurt 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo infer whether work‐related injuries may impact opioid‐related deaths.MethodsDescriptive comparisons were done using data from the Utah Department of Health, the Office of Medical Examiners, and the Labor Commission on all Utah residents who died from opioid‐related deaths from 2008 to 2009.ResultsThe majority of decedents (145 of 254, 57%) had at least one prior work‐related injury. Demographics were similar regardless of work injury status. However, lack of high school diploma (18% vs. 7%, P < 0.001), prevalence of mental illness (50% vs. 15%, P < 0.001), tobacco (61% vs. 12%, P < 0.001), alcohol (87% vs. 28%, P < 0.001), and illicit drug (50% vs. 4%, P < 0.001) use were all substantially higher than the background population.ConclusionA detailed history and screening for mental illness and substance abuse, including tobacco use, among injured workers may be helpful in avoiding potential opioid‐related deaths. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:308–316, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detection of human papillomavirus in human focal cortical dysplasia type IIB
Authors: Chen Julie , Tsai Victoria , Parker Whitney E. , Aronica Eleonora , Baybis Marianna , Crino Peter B. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjective:Focal cortical dysplasia type IIB (FCDIIB) is a sporadic developmental malformation of the cerebral cortex highly associated with pediatric epilepsy. Balloon cells (BCs) in FCDIIB exhibit constitutive activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway. Recently, the high‐risk human papillomavirus type 16 oncoprotein E6 was identified as a potent activator of mTORC1 signaling. Here, we test the hypothesis that HPV16 E6 is present in human FCDIIB specimens.Methods:HPV16 E6 protein expression was assayed by immunohistochemistry in FCDIIB specimens (n = 50) and control brain specimens (n = 36). HPV16 E6 DNA was assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization; HPV16 E6 mRNA was assayed by reverse transcriptase PCR. HPV16 E6 was transfected into fetal mouse brains by in utero electroporation to test the effects of E6 on cortical development.Results:HPV16 E6 protein was robustly expressed in all FCDIIB specimens in BCs, but not in regions without BCs or in control tissue specimens including normal brain, lymphoblasts, and fibroblasts, cortical tubers, and U87 glioma cells. E6 expression in FCDIIB colocalized with phosphoactivated S6 protein, a known mTORC1 substrate. HPV16 E6 DNA and mRNA were detected in representative specimens of FCDIIB but not control cortex, and were confirmed by sequencing. Transfection of E6 into fetal mouse brains caused a focal cortical malformation in association with enhanced mTORC1 signaling.Interpretation:Our results indicate a new association between HPV16 E6 and FCDIIB and demonstrate for the first time HPV16 E6 in the human brain. We propose a novel etiology for FCDIIB based on HPV16 E6 expression during fetal brain development. ANN NEUROL 2012;72:881–892
Cerebral venous system and anatomical predisposition to high‐altitude headache
Authors: Wilson Mark H. , Davagnanam Indran , Holland Graeme , Dattani Raj S. , Tamm Alexander , Hirani Shashivadan P. , Kolfschoten Nicky , Strycharczuk Lisa , Green Cathy , Thornton John S. , Wright Alex , Edsell Mark , Kitchen Neil D. , Sharp David J. , Ham Timothy E. , Murray Andrew , Holloway Cameron J. , Clarke Kieran , Grocott Mike P.W. , Montgomery Hugh , Imray Chris ,   Birmingham Medical Research Expeditionary Society and Caudwell Xtreme Everest Research Group
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveAs inspired oxygen availability falls with ascent to altitude, some individuals develop high‐altitude headache (HAH). We postulated that HAH results when hypoxia‐associated increases in cerebral blood flow occur in the context of restricted venous drainage, and is worsened when cerebral compliance is reduced. We explored this hypothesis in 3 studies.MethodsIn high‐altitude studies, retinal venous distension (RVD) was ophthalmoscopically assessed in 24 subjects (6 female) and sea‐level cranial magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 12 subjects ascending to 5,300m. Correlation of headache burden (summed severity scores [0–4] ≤24 hours from arrival at each altitude) with RVD, and with cerebral/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/venous compartment volumes, was sought. In a sea‐level hypoxic study, 11 subjects underwent gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance venography before and during hypoxic challenge (fraction of inspired oxygen = 0.11, 1 hour).ResultsIn the high‐altitude studies, headache burden correlated with both RVD (Spearman rho = 0.55, p = 0.005) and with the degree of narrowing of 1 or both transverse venous sinuses (r = −0.56, p = 0.03). It also related inversely to both the lateral + third ventricle summed volumes (Spearman rho = −0.5, p = 0.05) and pericerebellar CSF volume (r = −0.56, p = 0.03). In the hypoxic study, cerebral and retinal vein engorgement were correlated, and rose as the combined conduit score fell (a measure of venous outflow restriction; r = ‐0.66, p < 0.05 and r = −0.75, p < 0.05, respectively).InterpretationArterial hypoxemia is associated with cerebral and retinal venous distension, whose magnitude correlates with HAH burden. Restriction in cerebral venous outflow is associated with retinal distension and HAH. Limitations in cerebral venous efferent flow may predispose to headache when hypoxia‐related increases in cerebral arterial flow occur. ANN NEUROL 2013;73:381–389
Validation of nigrostriatal positron emission tomography measures: Critical limits
Authors: Karimi Morvarid , Tian LinLin , Brown Christopher A. , Flores Hubert P. , Loftin Susan K. , Videen Tom O. , Moerlein Stephen M. , Perlmutter Joel S. 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveMolecular imaging and clinical endpoints are frequently discordant in Parkinson disease clinical trials, raising questions about validity of these imaging measures to reflect disease severity. We compared striatal uptake for 3 positron emission tomography (PET) tracers with in vitro measures of nigral cell counts and striatal dopamine in 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐treated monkeys.MethodsSixteen macaques had magnetic resonance imaging and baseline PETs using 6‐[18F]fluorodopa (FD), [11C]dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ), and 2beta‐[11C]carbomethoxy‐3beta‐(4‐fluorophenyl)tropane (CFT). MPTP (0–0.31mg/kg) infused unilaterally via the internal carotid artery produced stable hemiparkinsonism by 3 weeks. After 8 weeks, PETs were repeated and animals were euthanized for striatal dopamine measurements and unbiased counts of tyrosine hydroxylase–stained nigral cells.ResultsStriatal uptake for each radiotracer (FD, DTBZ, CFT) correlated with stereologic nigral cell counts only for nigral loss <50% (r2 = 0.84, r2 = 0.86, r2 = 0.87, p < 0.001 respectively; n = 10). In contrast, striatal uptake correlated with striatal dopamine over the full range of dopamine depletion (r2 = 0.95, r2 = 0.94, r2 = 0.94, p < 0.001; n = 16). Interestingly, indices of striatal uptake of FD, DTBZ, and CFT correlated strongly with each other (r2 = 0.98, p < 0.001).InterpretationTracer uptake correlated with nigral neurons only when nigral loss was <50%. This along with previous work demonstrating that nigral cell counts correlate strongly with parkinsonism ratings may explain discordant results between neuroimaging and clinical endpoints. Furthermore, strong correlations among striatal uptake for these tracers support lack of differential regulation of decarboxylase activity (FD), vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (DTBZ), and dopamine transporter (CFT) within 2 months after nigrostriatal injury. ANN NEUROL 2013;73:390–396
Nanoplasmonic structures for biophotonic applications: SERS overview
Authors: Gopalakrishnan A. , Malerba M. , Tuccio S. , Panaro S. , Miele E. , Chirumamilla M. , Santoriello S. , Dorigoni C. , Giugni A. , Proietti Zaccaria R. , Liberale C. , De Angelis F. , Razzari L. , Krahne R. , Toma A. , Das G. , Di Fabrizio E. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractVarious nanoplasmonic devices were fabricated using top‐down method such as electron beam lithography, electroplating and focused ion beam techniques. These substrates were investigated after depositing the molecules from dye to protein, using chemisorptions techniques. Theoretical simulations were also performed on these model nanostructures in order to understand the electrical field distribution. Furthermore, the future prospects of these nanostructures were also mentioned in this report.
Synthesis and Application of Water‐Soluble NHC Transition‐Metal Complexes
Authors: Schaper Lars‐Arne , Hock Sebastian J. , Herrmann Wolfgang A. , Kühn Fritz E. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe provide an overview on the state‐of‐the‐art in transition‐metal complexes formed with water‐soluble NHC ligands. Paths to introducing water solubility by ligand design are elucidated and some general properties of water‐soluble NHC complexes are highlighted. The enhanced hydrophilicity of water‐soluble catalysts offers advantages in applications. While studies based on CC coupling reactions still dominate the field, recent reports show water‐soluble NHC complexes can be applied in metathesis and hydrogenation reactions and turn out to be among the best performing catalysts known. Nevertheless, wide areas of this young field remain to be investigated, offering great potential for future research.
Biobased thermosetting resins composed of terpene and bismaleimide
Authors: Shibata Mitsuhiro , Asano Masanori 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPrepolymers prepared by reactions of 1,1′‐(methylenedi‐4,1‐phenylene)bismaleimide (BMI) with myrcene (Myr) and limonene (Lim) in 1,3‐dimethyl‐2‐imidazolidinone (DMI) at 150°C were compressed at 250°C to produce crosslinked Myr/BMI [molar ratio = 2:2–2:5 (MB22–MB25)] and Lim/BMI [molar ratio = 1:1 (LB11)] resins. The 1H‐NMR analysis of the model reaction products of Lim and Myr with N‐phenyl maleimide (PMI) in DMI at 150°C revealed that a Diels–Alder reaction for Myr/PMI and a vinyl copolymerization for Lim/PMI preferentially proceeded in addition to the occurrence of the ene reaction to some extent. The Fourier transform infrared data of the cured resins were consistent with the results of the model reactions. All of the cured resins, except for MB22, showed tan δ peak values and 10% weight loss temperatures that were higher than 330 and 440°C, respectively. The flexural strength and modulus values of the MBs were higher than those of LB11. Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that MB22–MB24 were homogeneous, whereas some combined particles appeared in LB11. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Polymer/clay nanocomposite plasticization: Elucidating the influence of quaternary alkylammonium organic modifiers
Authors: Pavlacky Erin , Webster Dean C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe potential of nanoclay organic modifiers to induce plasticizing effects in resin and coatings systems was studied. In previous work, it was found that while low amounts of incorporation of organomodified clays significantly improved the physical and mechanical properties of a ultraviolet (UV)‐curable nanocomposite, further increasing the organomodified clay content could result in the reduction of properties. To investigate the potential impact of the organic modifier composition and concentration on polymer properties, a series of experiments were carried out using only the organic modifier. Methyl, tallow, bis‐2‐hydroxyethyl ammonium (MTEtOH), the organic modifier used in montmorillonite clay Cloisite® 30B, was dispersed with precursor polyester oligomers at 1–10 wt % through an in situ synthesis process and via sonication, and UV‐curable coatings were prepared from these MTEtOH‐containing resins. The organic modifier cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was also studied to examine the impact of the organic modifier structure. According to differential scanning calorimetry, small decreases in the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the MTEtOH‐containing polyesters were observed, but CTAB‐containing polyesters had small Tg increases. Polyester molecular weight and viscosity were also affected by both the structure of the organic modifier as well as its concentration. The mechanical performance of the UV‐curable coatings diminished with increased MTEtOH concentration for the films containing the organic modifier compared to a control film. Furthermore, the crosslink density was found to reduce ∼ 50% with increased MTEtOH loading into the UV‐curable films. The cure characteristics, thermal stability, and optical clarity were also studied. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013