bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Medicine. XIII. Tolerance Testing
Authors: CHERASKIN E. , RINGSDORF W. M. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:The prime purpose of tolerance testing is to elicit an exaggerated response to a particular stimulus, as when glucose loading is used to determine the glucose tolerance pattern. Examples are presented to show the relationship of age to alveolar bone loss in terms of glucose tolerance tests (glucose stress), and of age to blood glucose concentration (no glucose stress). The amplitudes of fluctuation in clinical and biochemical signs are compared in healthy versus sick subjects. In a predictive medicine system, the aim is to ascertain a predisposition to, or early evidence of pathosis. Therefore, data obtained under ordinary circumstances (no stress) serve adequately if it is recognized that physiologic values and normal values are not synonymous and that subtle changes may be predictive.
Predictive Medicine. XIV. Results
Authors: CHERASKIN E. , RINGSDORF W. M. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Much has been written about the nature and causes of the aging process. For purposes of a predictive medicine program the following points serve as a reasonable base: 1) old people report more symptoms and signs, 2) the old die more readily than the young, and 3) old people with many symptoms and signs die more readily than old people with few such manifestations. Thus it is highly desirable to use all the techniques possible to reduce the number of clinical findings to a minimum.A predictive medicine program can anticipate classical disease. One example is given to show that the supposed inevitable increase of cardiovascular symptoms and signs with age can be thwarted by dietary means (vitamin E). Another example is given to indicate that, partly by exercise or diet, people may be made younger at heart.
Notes on the Second White House Conference on Aging*
Authors: McGAVACK THOMAS HODGE 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:The well qualified representative of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society gives a succinct, well organized report on the Second WHCoA. It is presented under the headings: Action and Long‐Range Planning (the keynotes); Recommendations of the Sections (Education, Employment and Retirement, Physical and Mental Health, Housing Income, Nutrition, Retirement Roles and Activities, Spiritual Well‐Being, Transportation, Facilities, Programs and Services, Government and Non‐Government Organizations, Planning, Research and Demonstration, and Training); Special Concerns Sessions; and General Sessions and Luncheon Meetings. At the closing Session, the delegates unanimously approved a line of procedure designed to obtain the quickest possible action on the major recommendations of the Conference. There was a general feeling of optimism that the follow‐up work had been left in most competent hands.
Rating Scales for Psychotropic Drug Research with Geriatric Patients. II. Mood Ratings*
Authors: SALZMAN CARL , KOCHANSKY GERALD E. , SHADER RICHARD I. , CRONIN DENISE M. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:A review of scales for rating mood in geriatric patients reveals the criteria that must be met: 1) the subject must be responsive and cooperative; 2) the scale should be brief, with clear response choices; and 3) the questions should be clear and relevant to the current situation of the patient. Individual mood scales do not offer much advantage over a brief, well constructed, multidimensional rating scale.
Clinical Evaluation of the Makari Tumor Skin Test in 470 Patients*
Authors: TEE D. E. H. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:A double‐blind evaluation of an intradermal “tumor skin test,” carried out over a three‐year period, involved 470 subjects, the majority of whom were suspected of having malignant disease. The test gave highly positive results in early cancer and it broadly discriminated between subjects with early cancer and those with non‐neoplastic disease. Also, the response to the test was related to the stage of the carcinomatous process. These conclusions are in general agreement with previous findings. This intradermal test is potentially a valuable aid in the diagnosis of early cancer and in determining prognosis, provided certain defined limitations are observed in relation to peptic ulcer, fibrocystic disease of the breast, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis and cirrhosis of the liver.
Abdominal‐Wall Pain of Bony Origin: Two Clinical Entities in Geriatric Patients
Authors: HOWELL TREVOR H. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Two clinical entities of pain in the anterior abdominal wall are described. One of these is due to the lower ribs “kissing” the iliac crest and bruising the soft tissues in patients with dorsal kyphosis. The other is due to referred pain from spondylosis of the lower dorsal spine. Both may be mistaken for acute or chronic intra‐abdominal disease, and the patient subjected to unnecessary laparotomy in error.
Geriatric Care in Italy
Authors: DE NICOLA PIETRO 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:This article is an outline of existing and proposed improvements in the care of geriatric patients in Italy. A new hospital law requires the inclusion of a geriatric unit in each regional general hospital. Besides units for the care of short‐term patients with acute diseases, it is desirable to have special units for sixty to ninety days of care in general hospitals and nursing homes. These are in addition to other units for long‐term chronically ill patients. This unitary type of organization provides more efficient care and is more economical.
Psychiatry, Racism and Aging*
Authors: CARTER JAMES H. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:The basis for present inadequacies in the treatment of aged black psychiatric patients is discussed. Training programs in psychiatry should include working with people of a different race. The philosophical and social aspects of black culture should receive more attention. There is often a direct relationship between social status and type of mental illness. Many of the black patient's problems are related to race, and he is confronted with more obstacles in obtaining appropriate help. For elderly black people, there is pressing need for better integration of mental health services with other health and social services.
Coordinated Medical Care of the Aged by a Modern Home and Hospital for the Aged and General Hospitals
Authors: RODSTEIN MANUEL 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:A system of coordinated care for certain disorders by The Jewish Home and Hospital for Aged and adjacent general hospitals is described. Patients requiring surgery, surgical diagnostic procedures, radiotherapy, radioisotopic diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and the insertion and follow‐up of electronic cardiac pacemakers are given inpatient and outpatient care by the general hospital. Coordinated care is insured by full exchange of medical and social information, use of a private ambulance service, free availability of beds and early return to the Home for rehabilitation and after‐care. In most cases, medical care at the general hospital is supervised by specialists with independent appointments on the staff of the Home. In 1970, 199 patients from the Home were given inpatient care in general hospitals; the average length of stay was 11.3 days. Thirty‐nine patients were given outpatient care, with a total of 160 visits.
Welfare Emotions and Family Therapy in Geriatrics
Authors: GRAUER H. , BETTS D. , BIRNBOM F. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:This article is a description of a two‐phase approach to family therapy in a geriatric setting. Phase 1 involves separation of the hostile family members. This is easily accomplished, often by placing the patient in a Day Hospital, but does not lead to rehabilitation. Phase 2 involves the working‐through of family conflicts, and is much more difficult to accomplish. However, it can be successful if “welfare emotions” exist in the family, based on a good marriage, work record and retirement adaptation. The resulting rehabilitation and discharge is a valuable experience in geriatrics. Thus permanent or premature admission to an institution often can be avoided.
Diverticulitis in the Elderly
Authors: KRATZER GUY L. , ONSANIT TAWACHAI 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:The surgical records of 53 patients (average age, 64) with diverticulitis were reviewed. Complications (e.g., hemorrhage, peritonitis, abscess, fistula) had occurred in 30 cases. X‐ray examination in 46 patients showed that the sigmoid was involved in 71 per cent. Among the 50 surviving patients, only 3 had not definitely improved after operation. The treatment of the disease and its various complications is described. The most common errors are: 1) mistaking diverticulitis for appendicitis or a gynecologic disorder, and 2) delay in the diagnosis of perforation.
Ileo‐Colic Intussusception with Villous Tumors in a 93‐Year‐Old Woman
Authors: CASE THOMAS C. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:In a 93‐year‐old woman, two colonic villous adenomas (one malignant, one benign) were found at operation; the cecal tumor had caused ileo‐cecal intussusception. Postoperative recovery was uneventful until the twelfth day, when sudden hemorrhage from the gastrointestinal tract resulted in circulatory collapse and death. Reasons are given for considering early elective surgery in these cases.
Methyldopa‐Hydrochlorothiazide Therapy in Hypertensive Geriatric Patients
Authors: CORMAN L. ANDRÉ , SKVERSKY NORMAN J. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:A combination of methyldopa and hydrochlorothiazide effected a significant reduction of blood pressure in 22 hypertensive geriatric patients. A significant drop in hemoglobin concentration was observed in 5 patients during treatment. The drug was discontinued in 4 of these patients and the hemoglobin concentration rose but did not return to the pretreatment level. Methyldopa‐hydrochlorothiazide was continued in the fifth patient, and there was a similar slight increase after two additional months of treatment. In all patients the Coombs' test gave negative results throughout the study.
The Antiquity of Age‐Associated Bone Demineralization in Man
Authors: PERZIGIAN ANTHONY J. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Adult males and females in contemporary populations undergo age‐associated demineralization of the skeleton (osteoporosis). Males lose less bone mineral than females, partly because of the slower rate and later age at onset of the loss in males. This study demonstrates that age‐associated demineralization also characterizes prehistoric populations. Demineralization in a prehistoric, hunting‐and‐gathering skeletal population was studied cross‐sectionally. The bone mineral content of radii from skeletons (5‐year age groups from 20 years to 60+) was measured by means of a photon absorptiometry technique. Males not only lost less cortical and trabecular bone than did females but began demineralization at a later age. These sexual differences also apply to modern populations.The apparent universality of osteoporotic demineralization in both time and space attests to a basic genetic unity within our species. Medical science has met with only limited success in combatting the osteoporosis which so often results in collapsed vertebrae and fractured femora in the geriatric population. Bone loss with age has a strong genetic basis and therefore will not easily be arrested or even slowed by the nutritional and hormonal therapy that is employed today.
Treatment Patterns in Psychiatry: Relationships to Symptom Features and Aging
Authors: FRACCHIA JOHN , SHEPPARD CHARLES , MERLIS SIDNEY 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:Examination of the therapeutic regimens used in treating 89 long‐term hospitalized male psychiatric patients in two groups (age 60 or older, and age 59 or younger) indicated that fewer psychotropic drugs were used in the older group (N = 45) even though both groups presented the same symptom picture, qualitatively and quantitatively, in interview and self‐report situations. This tendency to prefer a non‐drug treatment regimen in the older group did not appear to be due to the presence of a greater incidence of somatic illness, as both groups showed an equal frequency of concurrent physical illness. The data are interpreted as indicating that older patients are treated differently because they are perceived differently by the staff, most likely as a result of energy depletion and the diminished ability to act out their symptoms, associated with increasing age.
Fellowships in Geriatric Medicine
Authors: RAO DODDA B. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:While the ailing aged population is increasing, the citadels of medical teaching and training continue to accord low priority to the dire need for education in the care and clinical management of the elderly. The pace of care and the mounting costs of general hospitals make it imperative for chronic disease hospitals to cope with the many complex problems. It is fitting, therefore, to foster suitable programs in Geriatric Medicine. A brief outline is presented of a Fellowship training program in Geriatric Medicine in the setting of a chronic disease hospital. Since local problems will require local solutions, modifications of these programs are inevitable.
Starting a Geriatric Day Care Center within a State Hospital
Authors: WILSON JOAN W. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:The establishment of a Geriatric Day Care Center at Trenton Psychiatric Hospital is described under the headings of physical environment, the program, staffing, and inter‐staff relationships. The purpose of the Center is to provide more comprehensive and effective services for the elderly. The social reinforcement, physical care and psychiatric aspects of the program are geared toward the acquisition of new skills and the relearning of old ones, to create a strong self‐image for the patient in dealing with the problems of old age and retirement.
Does Procaine Hydrochloride Therapy in Aging Patients Affect the Serum Cholesterol Level?
Authors: ROBERTS CHARLES DeWITT , ROBERTS EDNA N. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:In 1960 Smigel et al., in trying to assess Asian's claims for the value of procaine therapy, reported on the effect of procaine in 50 geriatric patients (of whom 21 were controls). A decrease in the serum cholesterol level was observed in 23 of the 29 procaine patients, although no special importance was attached to this fact. The present writers subjected these cholesterol data to statistical analysis and believe that they may be statistically significant. Further study seems merited.
Effects of an Oral Glucose Load on Serum Immunoreactive Insulin, Free Fatty Acid, Growth Hormone and Blood Sugar Levels in Young and Elderly Subjects*
Authors: SANDBERG HERSCHEL , YOSHIMINE NOBORU , MAEDA SHUZO , SYMONS DIANE , ZAVODNICK JACQUELINE 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTIn 29 healthy young adults and 22 ambulatory elderly subjects, a study was made of the effects of an oral glucose load on the levels of serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI), free fatty acids (FFA), growth hormone (HGH) and blood glucose. In the elderly, the pre‐load blood glucose and serum IRI levels were higher than in the younger group, reached the peak more gradually, and took longer to return to the baseline values. There was no significant difference in the serum FFA levels between the two groups until 3 hours after the glucose load, at which time the FFA values had returned to the fasting level in the young subjects but remained depressed in the elderly subjects. Serum HGH fasting levels in the elderly males were significantly higher than in the younger males and remained so at 1–2 hours after the glucose load. For the females, the numbers were too small and the intragroup variability too great to permit drawing conclusions. The total findings lend support to Dilman's hypothesis of a genetically programmed elevation of the hypothalamic threshold to feedback suppression, with age.
The Role of the Physician in the Nursing Home: Past, Present and Future*
Authors: GLADUE J. RAYMOND 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTPredictions are made about the role of the nursing‐home physician in the future system of medical care for the aged. The character of the chronic disease and nursing home facilities of the future is based on three factors: 1) the attitude of society toward the care of the aged. 2) the trends in financing the costs, and 3) the medical needs of the aged. Experience calls for the establishment of two kinds of chronic disease facility: 1) the chronic disease and rehabilitation center, and 2) the skilled nursing care facility (long‐term). Ninety‐five per cent of the aged are still in the community and functioning. These aged need practitioners who will help them to continue functioning in the community and who, if transfer is necessary, will know the appropriate chronic disease facility and will continue the doctor‐patient relationship in the new setting. Such geriatric practitioners and those in the same regional medical community will become the medical care team that provides comprehensive, continuing, community‐based care for our aged.
Some Clinical and Biochemical Variables in Patients with Chronic Brain Syndrome
Authors: HATTANGADI S. B. , GRAD B. , BECKETT M. E. , CSANK J. Z. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTSeveral clinical and biochemical variables were studied in 28 patients with arteriosclerotic brain disease (ABD) or senile dementia (SD) residing in the psychogeriatric service of a veterans' hospital with extended care facilities. The results did not provide any means of distinguishing between ABD and SD. Of special interest were: 1) the lack of any reliable difference in the serum cholesterol levels between the two groups of patients, and 2) the failure to find focal neurologic signs on clinical examination in both groups. Comparison of the patients with chronic brain syndrome (CBS) and normal elderly subjects indicated that the CBS patients weighed less, had higher preprandial blood glucose levels and lower levels of serum albumin and alpha‐1, alpha‐2 and beta globulin. Electroencephalographic abnormalities were much more common among the CBS group. No significant differences between our patients and normal elderly subjects were found with respect to blood pressure, serum cholesterol, creatinine, sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus, CO2combining power, osmolarity, total serum proteins, total serum globulin, gamma globulin, and the frequency of abnormalities in the electrocardiogram and in the intracranial and intrathoracic blood vessels.
The Problem‐Oriented Medical Record in Long‐Term Institutional Care
Authors: CRAWFORD GLENN B. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTA problem‐oriented medical record is a useful aid in the management of the long‐term patient. The record consists of a data base, a list of problems, an initial treatment plan, and progress notes. Periodic review and use of this record system clarify the goals and thus improve the results obtained in treating the long‐term patient.
A Look into the Future of Geriatric Medicine*
Authors: WRIGHT IRVING S. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe present and future needs of geriatric medicine are outlined, including a greatly increased need for personnel in various categories. Reasons for the present inadequacy may be traced to the negative attitudes of medical and nursing school faculties, and the lack of communication between various groups who care for the elderly. The Council on Long‐Term Care of Geriatric Patients of the American Geriatrics Society plans to attack these problems in several ways, e.g., better guidelines, interdisciplinary symposia and training programs. Also, emphasis is placed upon present methods for preventing premature disability in association with the aging process, and the need for basic research to reach a much deeper understanding of aging. A great new movement is underway. Physicians and social scientists should meet the challenge.
Is There an Anemia Responsive to Pantothenic Acid?*
Authors: McCURDY PAUL R. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTUpon admission to the hospital, a 53‐year‐old black woman showed anorexia, weight loss, lethargy, incontinence and hypochromic anemia with increased storage of iron in the bone marrow. After an unsuccessful trial of pyridoxine, all symptoms and signs improved dramatically following administration of pantothenic acid. (At the time of admission, chest x‐ray findings were such that INH‐streptomycin therapy was started.) She was discharged 6.5 months after entry. For several years thereafter she received no vitamin therapy, and a similar clinical picture again developed. There was a clinical, but probably not a hematologic, response to a multiple‐vitamin preparation containing large amounts of pantothenic acid. At this time and later, the course was complicated by cancer of the cervix, from which the patient died.
Lingual‐Facial‐Buccal Movements in the Elderly. II. Pathogenesis and Relationship to Senile Chorea
Authors: WEINER WILLIAM J. , KLAWANS HAROLD L. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTOn the basis of clinical similarities, pathologic implications and the response to pharmacologic agents, it would seem that spontaneous lingual‐facial‐buccal dyskinesia of the elderly and senile chorea represent the early versus the final manifestations of the same degenerative process within the striatum.
The Problem of Fecal Impaction in the Aged
Authors: YOUNG RICHARD W. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTIn a hospital for the aged it is important for the physicians and nurses to be on the alert to detect cases of fecal impaction, a condition which can be easily overlooked if reliance is placed only on the patient's answers to questions. The possible complications of fecal impaction can be serious; those observed in a 700‐bed geriatric hospital are listed.
Growth Hormone Levels in Chemical Diabetes
Authors: STEPHAN T. , KHURANA R. C. , NOLAN S. , CHAE S. , GEGICK C. G. , VIDALON C. , DANOWSKI T. S. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT: Chemical diabetes is an incompletely defined form of glucose intolerance which is more common in the later decades of life. Long‐term observations indicate that in half of the patients with persistent chemical diabetes, overt diabetes mellitus develops in the course of one decade of aging. Other studies have established that chemical diabetes is characterized by hyperinsulinemia which may be preceded by an initial lag in the insulin responses to oral administration of glucose. As a group, persons with chemical diabetes manifest higher serum triglyceride levels, a greater frequency of electrocardiographic abnormalities, and increased proteinuria.The data presented describe growth hormone patterns in chemical diabetes. The findings indicate that the lower serum growth hormone levels of obese adults of all age decades are also evident during glucose tolerance tests indicative of mild or moderate chemical diabetes. However, more severe degrees of glucose intolerance and chemical diabetes in obese persons are characterized by further decreases in growth hormone indices beyond those characteristic of obesity alone.