bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of 300 mT static and 50 Hz 0.1 mT extremely low frequency magnetic fields onTuber borchiimycelium
Authors: Potenza Lucia , Saltarelli Roberta , Polidori Emanuela , Ceccaroli Paola , Amicucci Antonella , Zeppa Sabrina , Zambonelli Alessandra , Stocchi Vilberto 
Published: October 2012

The present work aimed to investigate whether exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) and extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) can induce biomolecular changes on Tuber borchii hyphal growth. Tuber borchii mycelium was exposed for 1 h for 3 consecutive days to a SMF of 300 mT or an ELF-MF of 0.1 mT 50 Hz. Gene expression and biochemical analyses were performed. In mycelia exposed to ELF-MF, some genes involved in hyphal growth, investigated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, were upregulated, and the activity of many glycolytic enzymes was increased. On the contrary, no differences were observed in gene expression after exposure to SMF treatment, and only the activities of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and hexokinase increased. The data herein presented suggest that the electromagnetic field can act as an environmental factor in promoting hyphal growth and can be used for applicative purposes, such as the set up of new in vitro cultivation techniques.
Fluid flow through porous sandstone with overprinting and intersecting geological structures of various types
Authors: Zhou Xiaoxian , Karimi-Fard Mohammad , Durlofsky Louis J. , Aydin Atilla 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
It is well established that compaction bands (CBs), joints and faults are often present in the same rock volume in the Jurassic aeolian Aztec Sandstone, exposed in the Valley of Fire State Park, Nevada, USA. Because the permeability of CBs can be one or more orders of magnitude less than the matrix permeability, and joint permeability, depending on its aperture, can be several orders of magnitude greater than matrix permeability, the combined effect of these structures on subsurface flow can be complex and substantial. In this study, we investigate the effects of a variety of intersecting geological structures on fluid flow. This is accomplished by performing two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) permeability upscaling and waterflood simulations over areas/volumes populated by hydraulically interacting geological features. The regions considered are approximately the size of typical grid blocks used for reservoir or aquifer flow simulations, so the results are of practical interest. The systems studied include models with two sets of vertical CBs intersecting at various angles, an inclined CB set intersecting a vertical CB set, a joint set intersecting a CB set at various angles, and a small fault and its damage zone overprinting a CB set. Our numerical results quantify the impact of these composite structures on subsurface flow and show, for example, that the intersection angle of two sets of structures can have a considerable effect on the upscaled directional permeability. In addition, waterflood simulations demonstrate that the efficiency of oil recovery can be significantly impacted by the direction of flow relative to the orientation of intersecting geological structures.
Expression of Serotonin Receptors in Human Hepatocellular Cancer
Authors: Soll Christopher , Riener Marc-Oliver , Oberkofler Christian Eugen , Hellerbrand Claus , Wild Peter J. , DeOliveira Michelle L. , Clavien Pierre-Alain 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurpose: Serotonin is a well-known neurotransmitter and vasoactive substance. Recent research indicates that serotonin contributes to liver regeneration and promotes tumor growth of human hepatocellular cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of serotonin receptors in hepatocellular cancer and analyze their potential as a cytotoxic target.Experimental Design: Using a tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry, we analyzed the expression of serotonin receptors in the liver from 176 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, of which nontumor tissue was available in 109 patients. Relevant clinicopathologic parameters were compared with serotonin receptor expression. Two human hepatocellular cancer cell lines, Huh7 and HepG2, were used to test serotonin antagonists as a possible cytotoxic drug.Results: The serotonin receptors 1B and 2B were expressed, respectively, in 32% and 35% of the patients with hepatocellular cancer. Both receptors were associated with an increased proliferation index, and receptor 1B correlated with the size of the tumor. Serotonin antagonists of receptors 1B and 2B consistently decreased viability and proliferation in Huh7 and HepG2 cell lines.Conclusion: We identified two serotonin receptors that are often overexpressed in human hepatocellular cancer and may serve as a new cytotoxic target. Clin Cancer Res; 18(21); 5902–10. ©2012 AACR.
Molecular Pathways: Next-Generation Immunotherapy—Inhibiting Programmed Death-Ligand 1 and Programmed Death-1
Authors: Chen Daniel S. , Irving Bryan A. , Hodi F. Stephen 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The aim of T-cell–based immune therapy for cancer has been to generate durable clinical benefit for patients. Following a generation of therapies that largely showed minimal activity, substantial toxicity, and no biomarkers to identify which patients benefit from treatment, early studies are showing signs that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors are highly active. Preclinical and early data from clinical studies suggest that targeting this pathway can induce durable clinical responses in patients in a variety of tumor types, including lung and colon cancer. Furthermore, correlations with tumor PD-L1 expression may enable selection of patients most likely to benefit from treatment. The emerging data not only offer the hope of better cancer therapy but also provide evidence that changes our understanding of how the host immune system interacts with human cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 18(24); 6580–7. ©2012 AACR.
HER2-Associated Radioresistance of Breast Cancer Stem Cells Isolated from HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Duru Nadire , Fan Ming , Candas Demet , Menaa Cheikh , Liu Hsin-Chen , Nantajit Danupon , Wen Yunfei , Xiao Kai , Eldridge Angela , Chromy Brett A. , Li Shiyong , Spitz Douglas R. , Lam Kit S. , Wicha Max S. , Li Jian Jian 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Purpose: To understand the role of HER2-associated signaling network in breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) using radioresistant breast cancer cells and clinical recurrent breast cancers to evaluate HER2-targeted therapy as a tumor eliminating strategy for recurrent HER2−/low breast cancers.
Experimental Design: HER2-expressing BCSCs (HER2+/CD44+/CD24−/low) were isolated from radiation-treated breast cancer MCF7 cells and in vivo irradiated MCF7 xenograft tumors. Tumor aggressiveness and radioresistance were analyzed by gap filling, Matrigel invasion, tumor-sphere formation, and clonogenic survival assays. The HER2/CD44 feature was analyzed in 40 primary and recurrent breast cancer specimens. Protein expression profiling in HER2+/CD44+/CD24−/low versus HER2−/CD44+/CD24−/low BCSCs was conducted with two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) and high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS) analysis and HER2-mediated signaling network was generated by MetaCore program.
Results: Compared with HER2-negative BCSCs, HER2+/CD44+/CD24−/low cells showed elevated aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity and aggressiveness tested by Matrigel invasion, tumor sphere formation, and in vivo tumorigenesis. The enhanced aggressive phenotype and radioresistance of the HER2+/CD44+/CD24−/low cells were markedly reduced by inhibition of HER2 via siRNA or Herceptin treatments. Clinical breast cancer specimens revealed that cells coexpressing HER2 and CD44 were more frequently detected in recurrent (84.6%) than primary tumors (57.1%). In addition, 2-D DIGE and HPLC/MS-MS of HER2+/CD44+/CD24−/low versus HER2−/CD44+/CD24−/low BCSCs reported a unique HER2-associated protein profile including effectors involved in tumor metastasis, apoptosis, mitochondrial function, and DNA repair. A specific feature of HER2–STAT3 network was identified.
Conclusion: This study provides the evidence that HER2-mediated prosurvival signaling network is responsible for the aggressive phenotype of BCSCs that could be targeted to control the therapy-resistant HER2−/low breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 18(24); 6634–47. ©2012 AACR.
An Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Gene Signature Predicts Resistance to EGFR and PI3K Inhibitors and Identifies Axl as a Therapeutic Target for Overcoming EGFR Inhibitor Resistance
Authors: Byers Lauren Averett , Diao Lixia , Wang Jing , Saintigny Pierre , Girard Luc , Peyton Michael , Shen Li , Fan Youhong , Giri Uma , Tumula Praveen K. , Nilsson Monique B. , Gudikote Jayanthi , Tran Hai , Cardnell Robert J.G. , Bearss David J. , Warner Steven L. , Foulks Jason M. , Kanner Steven B. , Gandhi Varsha , Krett Nancy , Rosen Steven T. , Kim Edward S. , Herbst Roy S. , Blumenschein George R. , Lee J. Jack , Lippman Scott M. , Ang K. Kian , Mills Gordon B. , Hong Waun K. , Weinstein John N. , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Coombes Kevin R. , Minna John D. , Heymach John V. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurpose: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been associated with metastatic spread and EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibitor resistance. We developed and validated a robust 76-gene EMT signature using gene expression profiles from four platforms using non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines and patients treated in the Biomarker-Integrated Approaches of Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer Elimination (BATTLE) study.Experimental Design: We conducted an integrated gene expression, proteomic, and drug response analysis using cell lines and tumors from patients with NSCLC. A 76-gene EMT signature was developed and validated using gene expression profiles from four microarray platforms of NSCLC cell lines and patients treated in the BATTLE study, and potential therapeutic targets associated with EMT were identified.Results: Compared with epithelial cells, mesenchymal cells showed significantly greater resistance to EGFR and PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors, independent of EGFR mutation status, but more sensitivity to certain chemotherapies. Mesenchymal cells also expressed increased levels of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and showed a trend toward greater sensitivity to the Axl inhibitor SGI-7079, whereas the combination of SGI-7079 with erlotinib reversed erlotinib resistance in mesenchymal lines expressing Axl and in a xenograft model of mesenchymal NSCLC. In patients with NSCLC, the EMT signature predicted 8-week disease control in patients receiving erlotinib but not other therapies.Conclusion: We have developed a robust EMT signature that predicts resistance to EGFR and PI3K/Akt inhibitors, highlights different patterns of drug responsiveness for epithelial and mesenchymal cells, and identifies Axl as a potential therapeutic target for overcoming EGFR inhibitor resistance associated with the mesenchymal phenotype. Clin Cancer Res; 19(1); 279–90. ©2012 AACR.
Adaptive Dosing Approaches to the Individualization of 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid (Isotretinoin) Treatment for Children with High-Risk Neuroblastoma
Authors: Veal Gareth J. , Errington Julie , Rowbotham Sophie E. , Illingworth Nicola A. , Malik Ghada , Cole Michael , Daly Ann K. , Pearson Andrew D.J. , Boddy Alan V. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of adaptive dosing and the impact of pharmacogenetic variation on 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cisRA) disposition in high-risk patients with neuroblastoma.
Experimental Design: 13-cisRA (160 mg/m2 or 5.33 mg/kg/d) was administered to 103 patients ages 21 years or less and plasma concentrations of 13-cisRA and 4-oxo-13-cisRA quantitated on day 14 of treatment. Seventy-one patients were recruited to a dose adjustment group, targeting a 13-cisRA Cmax of 2 μmol/L, with dose increases of 25% to 50% implemented for patients with Cmax values less than 2 μmol/L. A population pharmacokinetic model was applied and polymorphisms in relevant cytochrome P450 genes analyzed.
Results: 13-cisRA Cmax values ranged from 0.42 to 11.2 μmol/L, with 34 of 103 (33%) patients failing to achieve a Cmax more than 2 μmol/L. Dose increases carried out in 20 patients in the dose adjustment study group led to concentrations more than 2 μmol/L in 18 patients (90%). Eight of 11 (73%) patients less than 12 kg, receiving a dose of 5.33 mg/kg, failed to achieve a Cmax of 2 μmol/L or more. Significantly, lower Cmax values were observed for patients treated with 5.33 mg/kg versus 160 mg/m2 (1.9 ± 1.2 vs. 3.1 ± 2.0 μmol/L; mean ± SD; P = 0.023). Cmax was higher in patients who swallowed 13-cisRA capsules as compared with receiving the drug extracted from capsules (4.0 ± 2.2 vs. 2.6 ± 1.8 μmol/L; P = 0.0012). The target Cmax was achieved by 93% (25/27) versus 55% (42/76) of patients in these 2 groups, respectively. No clear relationships were found between genetic variants and 13-cisRA pharmacokinetic parameters.
Conclusions: Dosing regimen and method of administration have a marked influence on 13-cisRA plasma concentrations. Body weight–based dosing should not be implemented for children less than 12 kg and pharmacologic data support higher doses for children unable to swallow 13-cisRA capsules. Clin Cancer Res; 19(2); 469–79. ©2012 AACR.
Diagnosis and management of upper extremity deep-vein thrombosis in adults
Authors: Grant Jonathan D. , Woller Scott , Lee Edward , Kee Stephen , Liu David , Lohan Derek , Elliott C. Gregory , Stevens Scott 
Published: October 2012

SummaryUpper extremity deep-vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is common and can cause important complications, including pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome. An increase in the use of central venous catheters, particularly peripherally inserted central catheters has been associated with an increasing rate of disease. Accurate diagnosis is essential to guide management, but there are limitations to the available evidence for available diagnostic tests. Anticoagulation is the mainstay of therapy, but interventional treatments may be considered in select situations. The risk of UEDVT may be reduced by more careful selection of patients who receive central venous catheters and by use of smaller catheters. Herein we review the diagnosis, management and prevention of UEDVT. Due to paucity of research, some principles are drawn from studies of lower extremity DVT. We present a practical approach to diagnosing the patient with suspected deep-vein thrombosis of the upper extremity.
Are Temperature and Precipitation Extremes Increasing over the U.S. High Plains?
Authors: Long Di , Scanlon Bridget R. , Fernando D. Nelun , Meng Lei , Quiring Steven M. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Large-scale environmental, social, and economic impacts of recent weather and climate extremes are raising questions about whether the frequency and intensity of these extremes have been increasing. Here, the authors evaluate trends in climate extremes during the past half century using the U.S. High Plains as a case study. A total of eight different extreme indices and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) were evaluated using daily maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation data from 207 stations and 0.25° gridded data. The 1958–2010 time period was selected to exclude the 1950s and 2011 droughts. Results show general consistency between the station data and gridded data. The annual extreme temperature range (ETR) decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) in ~54% of the High Plains, with a spatial mean rate of −0.7°C decade−1. Decreases in ETR result primarily from increases in annual lowest temperature in ~63% of the stations at a mean rate of ~0.9°C decade−1, whereas increases in annual highest temperature were much less. Approximately 43% of the stations showed increasing warm nights (Tmin90) with a spatial mean rate of 0.5% decade−1. Precipitation intensity generally did not vary significantly in most grid cells and stations. Significant decreasing trends in consecutive dry days (CDD) were restricted to 21% of the stations in the northern High Plains with a spatial mean of −0.8 days decade−1. Areas experiencing severe dry periods (1-month SPI &lt; −1.5) decreased over time from 8% to 4%. The number of dry months (SPI &lt; 0) in each year also decreased. In summary, the ETR is decreasing and low temperatures are increasing. Precipitation extremes are generally not changing in the High Plains; however, high natural climatic variability in this semiarid region makes it difficult to assess climate extremes.
The Structural Approach to Shared Knowledge
Authors: Avnet Mark S. , Weigel Annalisa L. 
Published: October 2012

Objective: We propose a methodology for analyzing shared knowledge in engineering design teams. Background: Whereas prior work has focused on shared knowledge in small teams at a specific point in time, the model presented here is both scalable and dynamic. Method: By quantifying team members’ common views of design drivers, we build a network of shared mental models to reveal the structure of shared knowledge at a snapshot in time. Based on a structural comparison of networks at different points in time, a metric of change in shared knowledge is computed. Results: Analysis of survey data from 12 conceptual space mission design sessions reveals a correlation between change in shared knowledge and each of several system attributes, including system development time, system mass, and technological maturity. Conclusion: From these results, we conclude that an early period of learning and consensus building could be beneficial to the design of engineered systems. Application: Although we do not examine team performance directly, we demonstrate that shared knowledge is related to the technical design and thus provide a foundation for improving design products by incorporating the knowledge and thoughts of the engineering design team into the process.
Prednisone for the treatment of withdrawal headache in patients with medication overuse headache: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Rabe Kasja , Pageler Lutz , Gaul Charly , Lampl Christian , Kraya Torsten , Foerderreuther Stefanie , Diener Hans-Christoph , Katsarava Zaza 
Published: October 2012

Purpose To investigate the efficacy of prednisone for treatment of withdrawal headache in patients with medication overuse headache (MOH). Patients and methods In this prospective double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel designed multicentre trial, 96 consecutive patients with MOH were randomized to withdrawal treatment with either 100 mg prednisone or placebo over 5 days. Patients were enrolled if they met the International Headache Society criteria for MOH and were diagnosed with migraine or episodic tension-type headache as primary headache. Exclusion criteria comprised significant neurological or psychiatric disorders. Withdrawal symptoms, including headache severity and intake of rescue medication, were documented for 14 days after randomization. Results Patients treated with prednisone did not experience fewer hours of moderate or severe headache than patients receiving placebo. However, patients requested less rescue medication within the first 5 days. Conclusions During withdrawal in MOH, prednisone reduces rescue medication without decreasing the severity and duration of withdrawal headache.
Characterization of 5C11-positive activated interferon-producing cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ohshima M , Kanda H , Kubo K , Yonezumi-Hayashi A , Tateishi S , Yamamoto K 
Published: October 2012

Objective 5C11 antibody is a novel monoclonal antibody against human BST2 and can be used to detect activation of interferon-producing cells (IPCs). Activated IPCs, which produce large amounts of interferon-α (IFNα), are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We investigated the characterization of 5C11-positive cells in patients with SLE. Methods The proportions of 5C11-positive cells among blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (BDCA-2)-, CD3-, CD19- and CD14-positive cells in peripheral blood from SLE patients (SLE-PBMCs) and healthy controls (control-PBMCs) were analyzed by flow cytometry. The effect of 5C11 antibody on IFNα production from SLE-PBMCs under stimulation with cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG2216, bacterial oligonucleotide motif) was also examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The proportions of 5C11-positive cells among BDCA-2-, CD3- and CD19-, but not CD14-positive cells in SLE-PBMCs were significantly increased compared to those in control-PBMCs ( p < 0.0001, all). Especially, the number of 5C11-positive cells among BDCA-2-positive cells was significantly increased in SLE-PBMCs by about six-fold compared to that in control-PBMCs ( p < 0.0001). 5C11 antibody inhibited IFNα production by SLE-PBMCs induced by CpG and the inhibition rates was 27% ( p < 0.001). Conclusion SLE patients had a significantly higher proportion of 5C11-positive cells among CD3 and CD19 cells, and especially BDCA-2 positive cells. The ability of 5C11 antibody to inhibit IFNα production from SLE-PBMCs warrants further investigation for its possible clinical application for the treatment of SLE.
Designing an intervention for women with systemic lupus erythematosus from medically underserved areas to improve care: a qualitative study
Authors: Feldman CH , Bermas BL , Zibit M , Fraser P , Todd DJ , Fortin PR , Massarotti E , Costenbader KH 
Published: October 2012

Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) disproportionately affects women, racial/ethnic minorities and low-income populations. We held focus groups for women from medically underserved communities to discuss interventions to improve care. Methods From our Lupus Registry, we invited 282 women, ≥18 years, residing in urban, medically underserved areas. Hospital-based clinics and support groups also recruited participants. Women were randomly assigned to three focus groups. Seventy-five-minute sessions were recorded, transcribed and coded thematically using interpretative phenomenologic analysis and single counting methods. We categorized interventions by benefits, limitations, target populations and implementation questions. Results Twenty-nine women with lupus participated in three focus groups, ( n = 9, 9, 11). 80% were African American and 83% were from medically underserved zip codes. Themes included the desire for lupus education, isolation at the time of diagnosis, emotional and physical barriers to care, and the need for assistance navigating the healthcare system. Twenty of 29 participants (69%) favored a peer support intervention; 17 (59%) also supported a lupus health passport. Newly diagnosed women were optimal intervention targets. Improvements in quality of life and mental health were proposed outcome measures. Conclusion Women with lupus from medically underserved areas have unique needs best addressed with an intervention designed through collaboration between community members and researchers.
Carotid artery pseudoaneurysm in a cat
Authors: Townsell Marlene Y , Biller David S , Grauer Gregory F 
Published: October 2012

Clinical summary: A 4-month-old female intact domestic shorthair cat presented to Kansas State University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for investigation of a large, firmly adhered mass in the left mid-cervical region that developed after phlebotomy performed at the referring veterinarian’s clinic. Ultrasound examination of the mass revealed a cystic structure in communication with the left carotid artery, with bidirectional blood flow through the area. A diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm secondary to accidental needle penetration of the carotid artery during jugular venepuncture was made. Outcome: Strict cage rest and pain management resulted in complete resolution of clinical and ultrasonographic signs in this cat.