bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'intervention japonaise en Sibérie vue par les intellectuels français (1918-1920)
Authors: Yamasaki Yukiko 
Published: January 2015

À la fin de 1917 le Japon est perçu par la majorité de l’opinion française comme un allié indispensable pour vaincre l’Allemagne. Il s’agit surtout de pouvoir rétablir un front à l’Est à la suite de la défection de l’allié russe, après la révolution. La possibilité d’une expédition japonaise en Russie, en particulier en Sibérie, est intensément discutée dans la presse française. Si le principe en est accepté unanimement, une divergence profonde apparaît sur le but de l’intervention, car les nationalistes français ajoutent aux objectifs militaires initiaux des visées politiques, comme la lutte contre le bolchevisme, alors que leurs adversaires soutiennent le principe d’une non-intervention dans la politique intérieure de la Russie. Mais une autre question plus stratégique se profile derrière cette controverse, c’est celle de la loyauté réelle du Japon. Les Européens peuvent-ils vraiment compter sur leur allié « jaune » ? Celui-ci semble en fait partager plus de points communs avec les Allemands qu’avec les puissances démocratiques. Est-ce là un danger pour l’avenir ?
La retraite allemande par la rive ouest du Rhône en août 1944
Authors: Chaix Bruno 
Published: January 2015

Le repli des forces allemandes par la rive ouest du Rhône est peu connu. Pourtant ce repli, exposé aux harcèlements de la Résistance et aux attaques de l’aviation alliée, n’a pas été une promenade militaire et mérite d’être étudié. Les unités territoriales de l’OFK de Toulouse, d’abord bloquées en Ardèche, ont été dégagées par l’arrivée des formations du secteur côtier du IV e corps de la Luftwaffe et l’ensemble a pu se replier par la vallée du Rhône au-delà de Lyon. Toutefois, des Marschgruppen retardés, principalement des « troupes de l’Est » n’ont pu rejoindre la colonne principale et ont été capturés en Ardèche.
Best practices for transfusion for patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Wun Ted , Hassell Kathryn 
Published: January 2015

The beta-globin gene mutation in sickle cell anemia results in anemia and repeated bouts of vascular occlusion. The cumulative effect of these vasocclusive events is progressive damage to many organs including the kidneys, lungs, and brain. The transfusion of red blood cells (RBC) can ameliorate many of these complications, but can be associated with both acute and chronic complications, including iron overload. The objective of the Best Practices in Transfusion Medicine for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Conference was to review the available published evidence and clinical experience surrounding the use of RBC transfusions for sickle cell disease by a panel of experts. The expert panel developed explicit clinical guidelines for the use of RBC in SCD patients. The panel also made recommendations for further research. A set of guidelines were produced for dissemination to pertinent stakeholders. If implemented, these clinical pathways have the potential to optimize the use of red blood cell transfusions in SCD.
CHALLENGES OF ACCELERATED AGING TECHNIQUES FOR ELASTOMER LIFETIME PREDICTIONS
Authors: Gillen K. T. , Bernstein R. , Celina M. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Elastomers are often degraded when exposed to air or high humidity for extended times (years to decades). Lifetime estimates normally involve extrapolating accelerated aging results made at higher than ambient environments. Several potential problems associated with such studies are reviewed, and experimental and theoretical methods to address them are provided. The importance of verifying time–temperature superposition of degradation data is emphasized as evidence that the overall nature of the degradation process remains unchanged versus acceleration temperature. The confounding effects that occur when diffusion-limited oxidation (DLO) contributes under accelerated conditions are described, and it is shown that the DLO magnitude can be modeled by measurements or estimates of the oxygen permeability coefficient (POx) and oxygen consumption rate (φ). POx and φ measurements can be influenced by DLO, and it is demonstrated how confident values can be derived. In addition, several experimental profiling techniques that screen for DLO effects are discussed. Values of φ taken from high temperature to temperatures approaching ambient can be used to more confidently extrapolate accelerated aging results for air-aged materials, and many studies now show that Arrhenius extrapolations bend to lower activation energies as aging temperatures are lowered. Best approaches for accelerated aging extrapolations of humidity-exposed materials are also offered.
SURFACE MODIFICATION OF TPR SOLE: AN APPROACH TO IMPROVE SLIP RESISTANCE ON QUARRY AND CERAMIC TILES
Authors: Mohan R. , Raja S. , Saraswathy G. , Das B. N. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Human slip on smooth surfaces is a common accident, even though the footwear soling materials are designed with cleats and treads to provide more friction with the floor. About 20% of footwear is made with thermoplastic rubber (TPR; styrene-butadiene-styrene) soles. The slip resistance property under wet-flooring conditions of this kind of sole is poor because of the nonionic nature of the polymer. Chemical surface modification can be exploited to improve the slip-resistance property of TPR soles. The surface is chemically modified with trichloroisocyanuric acid in a methyl ethyl ketone medium (TCI/MEK; at 1, 2, and 3%) to introduce chlorinated and oxidized moieties to the rubber surface. The extent of surface modification produced in TPR with this change can be tested using attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle and surface roughness measurements. The improvement in slip resistance can be evaluated by measuring the coefficient of friction using a dynamic slip-resistance tester. The extent of the change in the functional physical properties, such as surface roughness, contact angle, work adhesion, in slip resistance can be improved by optimizing the concentration of trichloroisocyanuric acid. Physicomechanical properties of unmodified and modified soles that are essential for wear performance can be tested and compared. Quantitative changes on the surface of modified rubber soles increases surface roughness, reduces contact angles, and increases work energy, so there is a considerable increase in the coefficient of friction, especially under wet floor conditions. The chemical surface treatment tends to reduce the bulk mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and abrasion resistance, because cyanuric acid attacks the sole. The coefficient of friction produces a positive trend at 1 and 2% TCI/MEK treatments, but the trend is negative at a 3% concentration. The optimum surface treatment level for surface modification to enhance the slip resistance of TPR is 2% TCI/MEK.
Relationship between Inflation and Stock Returns – Evidence from BRICS markets using Panel Co integration Test
Authors: Tripathi Vanita , Kumar Arnav 
Published: January 2015

Stocks are generally considered to be a good hedge against inflation because of their tendency to move together. This paper examines long term relationship between inflation and stock returns in BRICS markets using panel data for the period from March 2000 to September 2013. Correlation results reveal a significant negative relationship between stock index and inflation rate for Russia and a significantly positive relationship for India & China. ADF, PP and KPSS unit root tests indicate non-stationary characteristic of the data. Further we find no long term co-integrating relationship between stock index values and inflation rates using Pedroni panel co integration test. These findings have important implications for policy makers, regulators and investment community at large. There may seem to be short term contemporaneous relationship between inflation and equity returns but in the long run they do not seem to be significantly integrated. Changes in inflation may bring some short run movement in stock return but certainly equity does not seem to be a good hedge against inflation in long run at least in emerging BRICS markets. Keywords: BRICS, Stock Index, Inflation, Unit root test, Pedroni Panel Co integration Test, Johansen Co integration Test.
Painkiller Misuse among Appalachians and in Appalachian Counties in Kentucky
Authors: Chubinski Jennifer , Walsh Sarah , Sallee Toby , Rademacher Eric 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The misuse of prescription medications is a growing problem in Kentucky (Bunn and Slavova 2012). However, the burden of prescription drug abuse is not borne equally throughout the commonwealth. This article will discuss the issue of prescription painkiller misuse and present original research on self-reported use and perception of use to demonstrate the wide disparity between Appalachians and residents of Appalachian counties and statewide averages. The issue of prescription drug misuse in Appalachian Kentucky has been studied, but this study aims to shed light on the breadth of the issue for the general population, not just users. To understand public awareness of opioid overdoses, the 2012 Kentucky Health Issues Poll (KHIP) asked adults in Kentucky about their awareness of the issue, their personal experience with prescription drug misuse, and their indirect experience with the issue. In two out of three measures (awareness and indirect experience), residents of Appalachian counties and adults of Appalachian heritage reported significantly higher percentages of awareness of the problem and friends and family members who misuse prescription pain medicine. Health policy and actions individual readers can take to reduce the risk of painkiller misuse are discussed.
MountainWise: A Story Worth Sharing, People Worth Preserving--Community Transformation Grant Project of Western North Carolina
Authors: Tallant April , Russell Elaine , Tennyson Sarah , Allison Erica , Whinnem Jenn , Kostelec Donald 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The North Carolina Division of Public Health Community Transformation Grant Project aims to create healthier communities by facilitating sustainable policy, systems, and environmental change that increase opportunities connected to the four strategic action areas of active living, healthy eating, tobacco-free living, and community-clinical linkages. The evidence-based practices for achieving this work in rural communities is minimal. The work of MountainWise: Region 1 Community Transformation Grant Project seeks to address this need. MountainWise serves the eight most western counties of North Carolina, including Cherokee, Clay, Graham, Haywood, Jackson, Macon, Swain, and Transylvania. This conference panel paper provides (1) the strategic vision of the regional work, (2) the relevance and power of a customized external communications plan, (3) the integration of health impact assessments for creating healthy communities through improved
Food Insecurity Is Associated with Depression among Individuals Living with HIV/AIDS in Rural Appalachia
Authors: Bansah Abednego K. , Holben David H. , Basta Tania 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are faced with numerous issues, including access to medications and food, as well as the struggle to pay for day-to-day expenses, such as utilities. This cross-sectional study examines the levels of food security and depression among eighty-two individuals living with HIV/AIDS in rural Appalachia. More than half of the participants (n = forty-five, 54.9 percent) were living in food insecure households. Participants were categorized as depressed as follows: minimally depressed (n = twenty-four, 29.3 percent), mildly (n = twenty-seven, 32.9 percent), moderately (n = ten, 12.2 percent), moderately severely (n = eight, 9.8 percent), or severely (n = ten, 12.2 percent). Food insecurity was significantly correlated with depression (taub = 0.406, p &lt; 0.001). This study supports that individuals living with HIV/AIDS in this sample have decreased access to resources needed for food and are prone to depression.
Potential cell-specific functions of CXCR4 in atherosclerosis
Authors: Döring Yvonne , Noels Heidi , Weber Christian 
Published: January 2015

ZusammenfassungDer Chemokinrezeptor CXCR4 and sein Ligand CXCL12 bilden eine wichtige Achse in der Regulation von Zellfunktionen bei normaler Homöostase und bei Erkrankungen. Zusätzlich kann der atypische CXCL12 Rezeptor CXCR7 die Verfügbarkeit und Funktion von CXCL12 modulieren. Neben ihrer Rolle in der Mobilisierung von Stamm- und Vorläuferzellen, können CXCR4 und CXCL12 auch die Entwicklung der Atherosklerose über verschiedene Zellfunktionen beeinflussen. Dieser kurze Übersichtsartikel fasst das gegenwärtige Wissen zu den zellspezifischen Funktionen von CXCL12 und den Rezeptoren CXCR4 und CXCR7 mit möglichen Implikationen für die Entstehung und Progression der Atherosklerose zusammen
Use of Accelerometers to Measure Real-Life Physical Activity in Ambulatory Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Fjeldstad Cecilie , Fjeldstad Anette S. , Pardo Gabriel 
Published: January 2015

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) may negatively affect individuals' participation in physical activity (PA). We used accelerometers to determine PA level in individuals with MS with varying degrees of disability as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) during regular daily activities.
Methods: Participants wore an accelerometer from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. for 7 consecutive days. Activity counts recorded during this period were analyzed in 1-minute epochs and categorized into one of four PA levels: light, moderate, hard, and very hard.
Results: The study cohort comprised 13 patients with MS and 12 controls. There were significant negative correlations for minutes spent in PA and EDSS measures on weekdays (r = −0.61), weekend (r = −0.64), and full week (r = −0.61) and number of steps taken on weekdays (r = −0.56), weekend (r = −0.80), and full-week average (r = −0.68). Significant positive correlations were found for minutes spent in light PA and EDSS score (r = 0.69). Significant negative correlations were found for minutes spent in moderate and hard PA and EDSS score. No significant difference was seen between the MS group and controls on any parameters (P &gt; .05).
Conclusions: This study showed that accelerometers can be used to objectively quantify PA levels in individuals with MS with different disability levels. This cohort demonstrated that the amount of PA is inversely proportional to the degree of physical disability. Collected data revealed not only the amount but also the intensity of PA performed in real-life circumstances.
Preference and Expectation for Treatment Assignment in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Once- vs Twice-weekly Yoga for Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Tran Huong H. , Weinberg Janice , Sherman Karen J. , Saper Robert B. 
Published: January 2015

Background: In studies involving nonpharmacological complementary and alternative medicine interventions, participant blinding is very difficult. Participant expectations may affect perceived benefit of therapy. In studies of yoga as treatment for chronic low back pain, little is known about the relationship between patient expectations and preferences on outcomes. This study was designed to identify baseline predictors of preference and to determine if expectations and preferences for different doses of yoga affect back-related function and low back pain intensity. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of a 12-week randomized controlled trial comparing once-weekly vs twice-weekly yoga for treatment of chronic low back pain in 93 adults from a predominantly low-income minority population. At baseline, participants were asked about back function, back pain, treatment expectations, and treatment preferences. We created a variable “concordance” to describe the matching of participant preference to randomized treatment. Our outcome variables were change in back function and pain intensity after 12 weeks of yoga instruction. We performed logistic regression to identify predictors of preference for once- or twice-weekly yoga instruction. We created linear regression models to identify independent associations between expectations, preference, concordance, and outcomes. Results: Worse back function at baseline was associated with 20% higher odds of preferring twice-weekly yoga (OR 1.2, CI 1.1, 1.3). Individuals with higher expectation scores for twice-weekly yoga had 90% higher odds of preferring twice-weekly vs once-weekly yoga (OR 1.9, CI 1.3, 2.7). Individuals with higher expectation scores for once-weekly yoga had 40% less odds of preferring twice-weekly yoga (OR 0.6, CI 0.5, 0.9). After controlling for baseline characteristics, we found no statistically significant relationship between treatment outcomes, preference, expectation scores, or concordance. Conclusion: In a population of predominantly low-income minority participants with chronic low back pain, worse back function was associated with preference for more frequent yoga classes. Those who preferred more yoga classes had higher expectations for those classes. Twelve-week change in back pain intensity and back function were not affected by dosing preference, expectation score, or concordance. More research is needed to better measure and quantify preference, expectations, and their relationship to outcomes in yoga research.
Utility of telomere length measurements for age determination of humpback whales
Authors: Olsen Morten Tange , Robbins Jooke , Bérubé Martine , Rew Mary Beth , Palsbøll Per J 
Published: January 2015

This study examines the applicability of telomere length measurements by quantitative PCR as a tool for minimally invasive age determination of free-ranging cetaceans. We analysed telomere length in skin samples from 28 North Atlantic humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), ranging from 0 to 26 years of age. The results suggested a significant correlation between telomere length and age in humpback whales. However, telomere length was highly variable among individuals of similar age, suggesting that telomere length measured by quantitative PCR is an imprecise determinant of age in humpback whales. The observed variation in individual telomere length was found to be a function of both experimental and biological variability, with the latter perhaps reflecting patterns of inheritance, resource allocation trade-offs, and stochasticity of the marine environment.
An Attack on Inclusive Education in Secondary Education. Limitations in Initial Teacher Training in Spain
Authors: López-Torrijo Manuel , Mengual-Andrés Santiago 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Inclusive education is hard to implement in secondary schools. Probably, one of the determining factors lies in teachers’ initial training that determines their attitude, identity and professional practice. This research analyses the initial teacher education programmes for Secondary Education, Higher Secondary Education, called bachillerato in Spain, and Vocational and Artistic training in the five best valued Spanish universities in the education field, according to the ranking I-UGR, after the European convergence process in the European Higher Education Area. The study analyses the national regulations that govern this training. A quantitative study was conducted to examine the number of credits dedicated to inclusive education and also a review of the contents of these subjects was carried out. The study concludes that this initial teacher training provides sufficient theoretical basis regarding the conceptualization of inclusive education and the skills to deal with the tutorship and academic and professional orientation. However, important limitations in training prevent future teachers from identifying students’ and context’s special educational needs, and the attention to diversity through different methods and curriculum adaptations.
Clinical competency evaluation of Brazilian chiropractic interns
Authors: Facchinato Ana Paula A. , Benedicto Camila C. , Mora Aline G. , Cabral Dayane M.C. , Fagundes Djalma J. 
Published: January 2015

Objective
This study compares the results of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) between 2 groups of students before an internship and after 6 months of clinical practice in an internship.

Methods
Seventy-two students participated, with 36 students in each cohort. The OSCEs were performed in the simulation laboratory before the participants' clinical practice internship and after 6 months of the internship. Students were tested in 9 stations for clinical skills and knowledge. The same procedures were repeated for both cohorts. The t test was used for unpaired parametric samples and Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of proportions.

Results
There was no difference in the mean final score between the 2 groups (p = .34 for test 1; p = .08 for test 2). The performance of the students in group 1 was not significantly different when performed before and after 6 months of clinical practice, but in group 2 there was a significant decrease in the average score after 6 months of clinical practice.

Conclusions
There was no difference in the cumulative average score for the 2 groups before and after 6 months of clinical practice in the internship. There were differences within the cohorts, however, with a significant decrease in the average score in group 2. Issues pertaining to test standardization and student motivation for test 2 may have influenced the scores.
A COOPERATIVE APPROACH TO OIL SPILL PLANNING
Authors: Gorham William , Cramer Martin 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
California's oil spill cooperatives joined forces to prepare a regional resource manual. The manual provided cooperative members detailed information on sensitive marine resources, response strategies, spill envelopes, response resources, navigation hazards, and other topics for incorporation into individual facility or vessel response plans being prepared for compliance with the stringent requirements of California's Oil Spill Prevention and Response Act. Detailed maps of sensitive resources, response strategies, and spill envelopes were prepared using a geographic information system (GIS) for ease of presentation and revision. Maps were supported by detailed tables on the facing page, producing a maximally user-friendly document.