bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Micro-Needling Followed by Metformin Solution versus Micro-Needling Followed by Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treatment of Melasma: A Comparative Split Face Study
Authors: Abdel Fattah Nermeen Samy , Soltan Marwa Yassin , Mohammed Manar Magdy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Melasma is a common acquired pigmentary disorder that manifests as symmetric hyperpigmented macules and patches on the face, more frequently affecting women of reproductive age. Various underling risk factors have been implicated in the etiology of melasma including; Genetic factors, pregnancy, oral contraceptives, endocrine dysfunction, hormone treatments, cosmetic contact sensitivity and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. Management of melasma is a frustrating experience both for the treating doctors and patients because of its recurrent and often recalcitrant nature. Numerous therapeutic modalities have been tried for this condition such as hydroquinone, kligman’s formula (hydroquinone + steroid + tretinoin), kojic acid, azelaic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid, chemical peels, lasers, tranexamic acid, rucinol, oligopeptides, silymarin, orchid extracts, and various botanical extracts with variable success rates.

Objectives
Our aim was to assess and compare the therapeutic effects of topical metformin solution 30% with microneedling versus topical tranexamic acid (4mg\ml) solution with microneedling in treating patients with facial melasma.

Patients and Methods
This is a split-face study included 35 patients with facial melasma. The patients recruited from the Outpatient Dermatology Clinic at Ain Shams University Hospitals. Topical metformin 30% solution with microneedling sessions were done for the right side of the face (4sessions - two weeks apart), and topical tranexamic acid solution (4mg/ml) with microneedling on the left side of the face (4 sessions – two weeks apart). The patients were followed up for 3 months. The response of treatment was evaluated by Hemi MASI score and Antera 3D camera.

Results
Our study revealed that both microneedling followed by topical metformin solution and microneedling followed by topical TXA solution were efficient in treatment of facial melasma as shown by significant decrease in h-MASI score and average melanin level assessed by Antera camera. Although statistically insignificant, the percentage of change in h- MASI score was more evident with TXA treatment than metformin treatment. The side effects were limited and transient in the form of erythema, burning sensation, and xerosis. The main problem with either treatment was the high relapse rate.

Conclusion
Both metformin and tranexamic acid applied topically following microneedling sessions led to statistically significant improvement of melasma according to Hemi MASI scores. Topical metformin appears to be a promising therapeutic option in the treatment of melasma without serious adverse effects.
Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Patients with Chronic Skin Diseases
Authors: Mokhtar M , Fathy G , Adel Y 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder resulting from decreased bone mass that results in increased liability to fractures. Several chronic diseases including dermatological diseases were reported to affect bone mineral density with resulting osteopenia and osteoporosis.

Aim of the Study
to evaluate the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in chronic skin diseases.

Patients and Methods
One hundred patients diagnosed with chronic primary dermatological diseases divided into 4 groups according to dermatological disease were included in the current study. Assessment of BMD by DEXA scan and estimation of serum level of vitamin D were performed.

Results
In all studied patients, there was no significant association between osteopenia/osteoporosis and studied dermatological diseases or vitamin D levels as T score analysis either lumbar, femoral or forearm in relation to vitamin D status and disease severity. There was significant association of insufficient vitamin D levels with all skin diseases but there was no significant association between T score results and vitamin D status in studied patients.

Conclusion
The current study revealed that dermatological diseases were associated with insufficient levels of vitamin D.
Gustatory Function in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Elbeltagy Yasser Mohammed , Elsersy Hesham Abdelaty , Teaima Ahmed Abdelmoneim , Abd Elhay Mahmoud Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Many patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) describe disturbances in taste. Recent research has shown that taste receptors in airway epithelial cells are involved in defending against upper respiratory tract infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate gustatory function in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Methods
Taste function was assessed using the taste strip test in 63 patients with CRS (Study Group) (mean age was 42.05± 14, ranging between 19 to 68 years. More than half of cases (68.3%) were males) and 63 healthy controls (The mean age was 40.9± 13.6, ranging between 18 to 67 years. More than half of cases (68.3%) were males).

Results
The mean Sweet, Salt, Sour, Bitter, and Umami score among the study group was 3.6± 0.6, 3.9± 0.3, 3.8± 0.4, 3.4± 0.8, 3.5± 0.7 and 18.4± 2.6 respectively with a median equal to 4 among all of them. The mean total Taste score was 18.4± 2.6 with a median of 20 while The mean Sweet, Salt, Sour, Bitter, and Umami score among control group was 4± 0, with a median equal to 4 among all of them. The mean total taste score was 20± 0 with a median of 0

Conclusion
Taste dysfunction is a common complaint in CRS. Patients with CRS have decreased gustatory function.
Nutrition Screening for 2-5 Years Old Children by Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics in Outpatient Setting
Authors: Emam Ehab Khairy , Nassar May Fouad , Allam Mohamed Farouk , Ahmed Mai Mamdouh , El-Kholy Heba Essam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction and Aim of the work
Malnutrition is the primary causative factor of pediatric mortality and repeated hospitalization. The aim of this study is to highlight the role of nutrition screening in identifying those at risk of malnutrition who may benefit from nutritional interventions and test whether the nutritional supplements are essential during nutritional rehabilitation.

Patients and methods
Screening for malnutrition of 3640 children at the outpatient clinic of Ain Shams Pediatric hospital by Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP) followed by assessing 100 patients at high risk of malnutrition by anthropometric measurements, then BMI and z scores were computed. Oral nutritional supplement was advised in the rehabilitation program only in group A. Nutritional response testing was performed by reassessment at three and six months.

Results
The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were 5.9%, 15.6%, and 9.4% respectively. As per STAMP, 14.7% were found to be nutritionally at low risk, 7.3% at intermediate risk, and 5.1% at high risk compared to 72.83% without risk for malnutrition. STAMP showed a significant increase in patients at low risk and decrease in patients at high risk through follow up in both groups with better percentages in group A which coincides with improvement in anthropometric indices.

Conclusion
STAMP is a sensitive, quick, and easy to use nutritional screening tool with a crucial role in identifying nutrition risk at outpatient services which can lead to implementing prompt nutritional rehabilitation. Tailored nutritional plans can accomplish good response and adding a nutritional supplement to the dietary plan ensures earlier goal achievement.
A Comparative Study between Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC) versus Plaletets Rich Plasma (PRP) for Dressing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: El Sayed Ahmed Osama Mahmound , Nageeb Ramy Mikhael , Abd El Salam Rizk Mohamed Abd El Monaem , Shafik Boles Bola Nasry 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Diabetic foot ulcers are among the most generally perceived troubles of patients who have diabetes mellitus which isn't particularly controlled. It is commonly the outcome of poor glycemic control, stowed away neuropathy, periphery vascular sickness, or sad foot care. It is similarly one of the typical justification for osteomyelitis of the foot and evacuation of lower uttermost focuses. These ulcers are ordinarily in the space of the foot which encounters repetitive injury and strain sensations.

Objective
To evaluate the effect of plasma rich platelets versus vacuum-assisted-closure dressing in the improvement of the healing process in diabetic foot ulcer.

Patients and Methods
The survey included 40 patients who had continuous diabetic foot ulcer and were treated at the piece of Vascular and General an operation, Ain Scams School Facilities and Luxor Overall Crisis center, Cairo, Egypt. Starting from December 2021 to May 2022.

Results
Larger piece of the patients in both control and cases had discharge. (Patients with sickness or purulent delivery were barred from study). In our examination of 40 patients the ulcer size went from 6 to 15 cm2. The mean size in pack (A) was 9.48±1.91 cm2 and among Get-together (B) 9.56 ±1.87 cm2. In our survey we saw that recovering in cases or exploratory get-together took in a general sense less time when differentiated and bundle (A). The mean length of retouching in control pack was 7.3 ±1.91 weeks and mean term of recovering for pack (B) was 4.38±1.94 weeks. The probability regard (p regard) gained ensuing to applying unpaired t test for the above data arises to be 0.0001 which is really gigantic.

Conclusion
Our case series showed that PRP and VAC is a secured and strong treatment technique for consistent non-retouching ulcers. Using PRP to treat persevering wounds/ulcers might further develop patching, yet also thwart lower limit evacuations achieved by non-recovering injuries. Appropriately, further investigation and randomized controlled clinical starters on greater patient people are essential to endorse the results.
The Identification and Preservation of Parathyroid Gland during Thyroidectomy Using Carbon Nanoparticles
Authors: Alaa el-Din Hisham Adel , Omran Hisham Mohamed , Saad Ahmed Saeed , Kadri Sharouda Ahmed Shawki Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
During thyroidectomy, the parathyroid gland as well as the recurrent laryngeal nerve iatrogenic injuries are the most serious complications in goiter surgery. However, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury has been reduced to minimum as a result of meticulous surgical techniques and intraoperative nerve monitoring.

Objective
To determine the potential role of intraoperative CN injections for identification and preservation of parathyroid glands, thereby reducing the postoperative hypocalcaemia and whether CNs can really improve the extent of thyroidectomy and neck dissection and help identify metastatic lymph nodes.

Patients and Methods
We did a prospective cohort study with comparative between two groups of patients, one group established with the conventional technique of thyroidectomy while the other group established using CN injection to see which group with less post-operative hypocalcemia. A hundred patients with benign and malignant goiter disorders underwent thyroidectomy assigned into two groups: group 1 (control group) included 50 cases established with the conventional technique and group 2 (interventional group) included 50 cases operated upon with CN injection technique.

Results
The results showed that in group 2; 47 patients had normal Ca ++ level (94%) while 3 cases had low Ca ++ level (hypocalcemia) (6%). But in group 1; 37 patients had normal Ca ++ level (74%) while 13 cases had low Ca ++ level (hypocalcemia) (26%). The three patients in group 2 and the 13 patients in group 1 who developed hypocalcemia were managed with IV and oral supplementation of calcium and vitamin D and recovery occurred within a period of 1 week to 1 month.

Conclusion
CN injection technique is safe, effective, and technically feasible which helped us to keep parathyroid gland during thyroidectomy and that led us to reduce the percentage of incidence post- operative complications. Also, it helped us to identify the parathyroid gland during the surgery, the safety for thyroid surgery is based on the protection and visualization of the normal anatomy of parathyroid glands and their blood supplies according to the CNs injection technique, as verified in our research. Others see that the sooner the parathyroid glands are identified, the lower the surgeon’s level of stress. New studies with larger numbers of cases and also application of the technique by different surgeons are important to confirm the reliability and effectiveness of this technique.
Assessment of Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Management of Acute Calcular Cholecystitis
Authors: Mounes Ibrahem David Kamal , Akhnoukh Samy Gamil , Mahfouz Remon Mamdouh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Acute cholecystitis is one of the most significant diseases in the Western world and has a high socioeconomic impact. Mainly, patients with gallstones and older adults are affected. The main complication of acute cholecystitis is recurrent biliary colic and cholestasis. The latter may lead to ascending cholangitis, and while this can be managed with antibiotics, other complications cannot be cured conservatively such as gangrenous changes, gall bladder perforation and biliary leakage, and acute necrotic gallstone pancreatitis. Liver abscesses and underlying incidental carcinoma have also been reported in some cases.

Aim of the Work
The purpose of this study is to focus on success rate of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a management of acute calcular cholecystitis along with its operative and post- operative outcomes.

Patients and Methods
This is a prospective cohort study conducted on forty (40) patients presenting to Ain-Shams University hospitals and authorized hospitals presented with acute calcular cholecystitis starting from January 2021 and December 2021.

Results
Our study demonstrates that in terms of morbidity and mortality, early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe, feasible and cost-effective for cases of acute cholecystitis. The outcome of the patients in our study provides further evidence that early laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed within the first 72 hours of symptoms with no significant increase in length of operation. Moreover, there was no significant increase in the rate of major intra operative or post operative complications such as bleeding, bile duct injury, bowel injury, wound infection and conversion to open cholecystectomy. The major advantage of early cholecystectomy was that early laparoscopic cholecystectomy allows significantly shorter total hospital stay and reduction in days away from work. Moreover, it avoids repeated admissions for recurrent symptoms.

Conclusion
Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe, feasible and cost-effective for cases of acute cholecystitis and its major advantage is that it allows significantly shorter total hospital stay and reduction in days away from work and avoids repeated admissions for recurrent symptoms.
Retrospective Comparative Study between Results of Neo Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Upfront Surgery in Breast Cancer in Aswan Oncology Center
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud Abdelbaqy , Mohamed Ali Mohamed Ebrahim , Khattab Hany Mahmoud , Abdalrahman Ali Alsaaed , Mohamed Ahmed Taher , Abdalaziz Abdalrahman Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer is a global health problem, with more than 1 million cases of breast cancer diagnosed worldwide each year. Introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has dramatically changed the management of breast cancer.

Aim and Objectives
To compare the clinicopathological features, surgical procedures, and outcome parameters of primary and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy breast conseravtive surgery, with the aim of comparing the outcomes in terms of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence rates and over all free survival in the two groups.

Subjects and Methods
This was a Comparative study, was conducted in Aswan oncology center on (40) women diagnosed with breast cancer, divided into two groups: (Group A): 20 up front surgery patients then adjuvant chemoherapy, (Group B): 20 Neo adjuvant chemotherapy then surgery patients during 6 months.

Result
There was statistically significant difference between the two studied groups as regard Metastatic work up and local recurrence.

Conclusion
The neoadjuvant chemotherapy has a nearby significant impact on pathological complete response (PCR) in patients with breast cancer with no significant increased toxicity and has significant lower rates of metastasis compared to upfront surgery.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery is a safe and effective rather than conventional method (primary surgery followed by Adjuvant chemotherapy) in treatment of Breast cancer.
Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) as Prognostic Factor Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Patients of Immune
Authors: Elsayed Amer Aya Atef , Hassan Essam Abdelwaheed , Mohamed Inas AbdElmoaty , Abbas Rana Zakariya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a new inflammatory marker and its level increases in many inflammatory diseases, diabetes and malignancy. In ITP patients thereis decrease in platelet count beside inflammation, so PLR is a good prognostic factor in ITP.

Objective
The aim of the study is to know the relation between platelet /lymphocytes ratio and the prognosis of immune thrombocytopenia

Patients and Methods
This was prospective study conducted on 96 patients diagnosed as immune thrombocytopenic purpura attending hematology unit of Ain Shams University divided into to3 groups (newly diagnosied, Resistant and splenectomized) and followed them after 3 months.

Results
Comparison between ITP sub-groups regarding CBC results at baseline revealed that Newly diagnosed ITP patients had significantly higher PLR compared to other groups while resistant/relapsed ITP patients had significantly lower PLR compared to other two groups. (table 2). Comparison between ITP sub-groups regarding CBC results after 3 months revealed that resistant/relapsed ITP patients had significantly lower PLR compared to other two groups, (table 3). on comparison PLR in newly-diagnosed ITP before and after 3 months of treatment PLR was higher Highly significant (P &lt; 0.001) On comparison PLR in Resistant group pre and after 3 months of treatment it was lower highly significant (p &lt; 0.001) On comparison PLR in splenectomy group pre and after 3 months of treatment PLR was higher Highly significant (p &lt; 0.001)

Conclusion
PLR is a good indicator for ITP patient of different categories (newly diagnosied, Resistant and splenectomized).
Assessment of Serum Autophagy Related Protein Beclin1 in Egyptian Adult Beta Thalathemic Patients
Authors: Elafifi Amal Mostafa , Nabih Nermeen Adel , Mohamed Haydi Sayed , Helmy El Razzaz Mostafa Kamal , Mohammed Basyouni Esraa Magdy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Beta-thalassemia is a chronic hemolytic anemia that is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. It is characterized by reduced hemoglobin levels and red blood cell production.

Aim of the Work
Assessment of serum autophagy related protein beclin1 in Egyptian adult beta thalathemic patients and Its relation to ineffective erythropoiesis, transfusion requirements, iron overload.

Subjects and Methods
This is a case control study which was carried out at Ain Shams university hospitals. Internal medicine department, Clinical hematology and stem cell transplantation unit, outpatient clinic and inpatient department, during the period between January 2022 and August 2022.

Results
Our study revealed significant decreased fertility between patients group and control group (P = 0.011). Transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia males have a high proportion of fertility impairment and iron overload might contribute to disturbed sperm quality and testicular tissue injury. Such findings might explain the high prevalence of impaired fertility in transfusion-dependent beta- thalassemia patients which agrees with our results. Also our study revealed significant differences between non-transfusion dependent group and transfusion-dependent group regarding spleen size (cm) below costal margin which was increased in (TD group), transfusion per year (ml/yr)(which was increased in (TD group), virology (HIV, HCV,HBV) revealed that percentage of HCV+ve higher in (TD group) with (P &lt; 0.001): Our study revealed significant difference between non-transfusion- dependent group and Transfusion-dependent group regarding percentage of patients of with positive HCV which was increased in Transfusion-dependent group (P = 0.021): In our study Iron chelation therapy was found to be given in a higher percentage of TD patients compared to non TD patients (P &lt; 0.001). Also our study revealed significant difference regarding cardic function(EF%) between patients group and control group (EF found to be lower in patients group than controls) (P &lt; 0.001): Also our study showed that Beclin-1 level is significantly higher in patients group compared to control group (P &lt; 0.001). We couldn’t find previous studies of Beclin-1 level in thalassemia patients. We postulate that Beclin 1 could be used as a marker of worsening cardiac functions in thalassemia patients, but further studies should measure serial levels of Beclin 1 and correlate it with cardiac parameters over longer periods of follow up.

Conclusion
Beclin 1 level increased in Adult Beta Thalasemia patients and it can be used as a prognostic marker for Adult Beta Thalasemia patients.