bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radioactive iodine ablation does not prevent recurrences in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Authors: Kim Hye Jeong , Kim Na Kyung , Choi Ji Hun , Kim Se Won , Jin Sang‐Man , Suh Sunghwan , Bae Ji Cheol , Min Yong‐Ki , Chung Jae Hoon , Kim Sun Wook 
Published: September 2012

SummaryObjectiveAlthough papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has a favourable long‐term prognosis, disease recurrence after initial treatment remains a problem and controversy exists regarding the role of radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation in PTMC. We performed this study to evaluate the effect of RAI ablation on disease recurrence in patients with PTMC.Patients and MethodsBetween 1994 and 2004, 2579 patients underwent thyroid surgery for thyroid cancer at Samsung Medical Center. Among these patients, 704 patients with PTMC presumed disease‐free after initial treatment were followed up for disease recurrence (median, 64 months; range, 1–185 months). Patients with PTMC with microscopic extrathyroidal extension, cervical lymph node metastases or multifocality were considered to be in the intermediate‐risk group for recurrence.ResultsDisease recurrence was found in six patients at a median of 29 months (range, 10–70 months) after initial treatment; all six patients with recurrent tumours had received RAI treatment after total thyroidectomy. Disease‐related mortality was not observed, even after recurrence. Based on a Cox regression model considering the standardized inverse probability of treatment weight (IPTW) within each propensity score stratum of patients with a similar likelihood of having received RAI ablation, the likelihood ratio for recurrence did not differ between the RAI ablation group and no RAI group (P = 0·17). When we performed a subgroup analysis considering only patients with PTMC at intermediate‐risk for recurrence, RAI ablation again did not have a significant effect on recurrence (P = 0·79).ConclusionsRadioactive iodine ablation after total thyroidectomy in low‐ and intermediate‐risk patients with PTMC did not prevent recurrent tumours. Future randomized, controlled, multicenter prospective trials involving a larger sample of patients followed‐up for a longer duration are warranted to confirm our findings.
Regulatory T cells and other lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with melanoma developing interferon‐induced thyroiditis during high‐dose interferon‐α2b treatment
Authors: Soldevila Berta , Alonso Núria , Martínez‐Arconada Maria J. , Granada Maria L. , Boada Aram , Vallejos Virginia , Fraile Manuel , Fernández‐Sanmartín Marco A. , Pujol‐Borrell Ricardo , Puig‐Domingo Manel , Sanmartí Anna , Martínez‐Cáceres Eva M. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryContextOne of the side effects of interferon‐alpha therapy is interferon‐induced thyroiditis (IIT). The role of lymphocyte subpopulations in IIT melanoma patients remains to be defined.ObjectiveOur objective was to assess different peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations, mainly regulatory T cells (Tregs), in melanoma patients who developed IIT.Design, patients and methodsFrom 30 melanoma patients receiving high‐dose interferon (HDI)‐alpha 2b (IFN‐α2b) treatment, those who developed IIT (IIT patients) were selected and compared with patients who did not develop IIT (Co‐MM) and healthy controls (Co‐H). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained before treatment (BT), mid‐treatment (MT), end of treatment (ET), 24 weeks post‐treatment and at appearance of IIT (TT).ResultsNine patients developed IIT (30%): four Hashimoto's thyroiditis and five destructive thyroiditis. An increase in Tregs was observed in both melanoma groups during HDI treatment. A decrease in CD3+, NKT lymphocyte subpopulations and Bcl2 expression on B cells was also observed in both groups. However, no changes were observed in the percentage of CD4+, CD8+, CD3+γδ+, CD19+, transitional B cells (CD24highCD38highCD19+CD27−), natural killer (NK), invariant NKT (iNKT) lymphocytes and Th1/Th2 balance when BT was compared with ET. At TT, IIT patients had a higher Tregs percentage than Co‐MM (P = 0·012) and Co‐H (P = 0·004), a higher iNKT percentage than Co‐MM (P = 0·011), a higher transitional B cells percentage than Co‐H (P = 0·015), a lower CD3+ percentage than Co‐H (P = 0·001) and a lower Bcl2 expression on B cells than Co‐H (P < 0·001).ConclusionsOur results point to the immunomodulatory effects of IFN‐α on different lymphocyte subpopulations and a possible role of Tregs in melanoma patients who developed IIT.
Three measures of non‐resident fathers' involvement, maternal parenting and child development in low‐income single‐mother families
Authors: Choi Jeong‐Kyun , Palmer Robert J. , Pyun Ho‐Soon 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis study examined the relationships among non‐resident fathers' involvement, mothers' parenting and parenting stress, and children's behavioural and cognitive development in low‐income single‐mother families. Based on the theoretical concepts of father involvement in terms of accessibility, responsibility and interaction, this study operationalizes fathers' involvement with three different measures: (i) fathers' frequency of contact with their children; (ii) fathers' amount of child support payment; and (iii) fathers' quality of parenting. Analyses used the first three waves of longitudinal data from a subsample of single and non‐cohabiting mothers with low income in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Results suggest that non‐resident fathers' child support payment is indirectly associated with both children's behaviour problems and cognitive development. Fathers' parenting is also found to be indirectly associated with children's behaviour problems. The findings further suggest that those estimated associations are transmitted through mothers' parenting. The expected associations between fathers' contact and child outcomes are not found in this sample. The study also discusses the policy and practice implications of its findings.
Linking illicit substance misuse during pregnancy and child abuse: what is the quality of the evidence?
Authors: De Bortoli Lillian , Coles Jan , Dolan Mairead 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn mostAustralian states, legislation makes provision for professionals to report their concerns about the future welfare of an unborn child to appropriate authorities. The legislation establishes guidance for the implementation of family supports to minimize future child protection involvement. Given the legislation and the potential benefits, empirical research linking substance misuse during pregnancy and child protection involvement is relatively limited. We review 21 original studies linking substance misuse during pregnancy with child protection outcomes and the potential generalizability of results to theAustralian context. The majority of studies reviewed were conducted in theUSAand were mostly retrospective. Other differences between studies include sample sizes, comparison groups, study setting, participants’ ethnicity and pattern of drug use. In the postnatal literature, it is well established that child abuse is associated with a complex array of factors including partner, as well as broader family factors and yet, the studies reviewed focus upon maternal substance abuse without including the wider context. Given the available evidence‐based literature, it is difficult to come to definitive conclusions that can assist clinicians involved in frontline decision‐making for early intervention. Well‐designed research, accessible by antenatal health‐care professionals, is needed to adopt an evidence‐based approach to risk assessment in the prenatal context.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized and non‐randomized studies comparing laparoscopic and open abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer
Authors: Ahmad N. Z. , Racheva G. , Elmusharaf H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAim Evidence supporting the role of laparoscopy in abdominoperineal resection (APR) is limited. This study compared the short‐term and long‐term outcomes and complications associated with open and laparoscopic APR.Method The Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases were searched for publications comparing open and laparoscopic APR. The rates of local and distant recurrence of rectal cancer were compared as the primary end‐point. The occurrence of complications related to the two procedures was studied as the secondary end‐point. The adequacy of cancer resection and postoperative recovery were also compared in a secondary analysis. Combined and separate analyses were performed for randomized and non‐randomized studies.Results Eight publications comparing open and laparoscopic APR were identified. The rates of local and distant disease recurrence were lower after laparoscopic surgery compared with open APR (odds ratio 2.736 and 1.994, 95% confidence interval 1.137–6.584 and 1.062–3.742, P = 0.025 and P =0.032, respectively). Early postoperative complications were fewer after laparoscopic APR (OR 2.159, 95% CI 1.426–3.269, P = 0.000). No significant benefit of either technique was observed in the secondary analysis.Conclusion The long‐term oncological benefits of laparoscopic APR are not convincingly superior to open surgery and need further validation. The laparoscopic approach is apparently associated with fewer postoperative complications, yet its role in improving the short‐term outcomes is uncertain.
Prognostic significance of lymph node yield after long‐course preoperative radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Awwad G. E. H. , Tou S. I. H. , Rieger N. A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAim  A literature review was performed to elucidate whether long‐course preoperative radiotherapy for patients with rectal cancer affects lymph node yield, and whether this influences prognosis.Method  Cochrane Database, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Embase and CINAHL databases and reference lists from published journal articles published between 1 January 1990 and 30 June 2011 were searched. Studies examining lymph node yield and prognosis were selected for review.Results  One thousand and twenty‐nine articles were found, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria. None was a randomized controlled trial and all were cohort studies. Four studies showed that long‐course preoperative radiotherapy reduced lymph node yield; however only one demonstrated a statistically significant survival benefit in patients with higher lymph node yields. Five‐year survival was 48% in patients with fewer than and 69% in those with more than 11 lymph nodes identified in the operative specimen (P = 0.04).Conclusion  Whilst long‐course preoperative radiotherapy appears to reduce lymph node yield in patients with rectal cancer, no causal relationship between lymph node yield and survival can be established in this group of patients.
Primary and secondary restorative proctocolectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis: complications and long‐term bowel function
Authors: Bülow S. , Højen H. , Buntzen S. , Larsen K. L. , Preisler L. , Qvist N. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAim  The aim of the study was to evaluate intra‐operative difficulties, complications and long‐term bowel function in polyposis patients undergoing conversion of an ileorectal anastomosis to an ileoanal pouch, compared with patients with a primary ileoanal pouch operation.Method  A national register‐based retrospective study was performed with clinical follow‐up and a questionnaire on long‐term bowel function.Results  There were 84 patients in the study: 59 (70%) had a primary pouch operation and in 25 (30%) a secondary pouch procedure was attempted. This was abandoned, in one case, leaving 24 patients who had a successful secondary restorative proctocolectomy. The median (range) follow‐up was 123 (0–359) months. There were no intra‐operative difficulties in the 59 primary operations, but intra‐operative difficulties were reported in nine of 25 secondary operations (P < 0.001). Complications within 1 month of surgery occurred in six of 59 primary operations and in none of 24 secondary operations (P < 0.001); and late surgical complications occurred in eight of 55 primary operations and in eight of 24 secondary operations (P = 0.13). The only difference in bowel function was a lower frequency of nocturnal defaecation after secondary pouch formation (P = 0.02).Conclusion  Reoperation with proctectomy after a previous ileorectal anastomosis and conversion to restorative proctocolectomy is feasible in polyposis patients, with morbidity and functional results similar to those seen after a primary pouch operation.
Nitrogen to phosphorus ratios of tree species in response to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in subtropical forests
Authors: Liu Juxiu , Huang Wenjuan , Zhou Guoyi , Zhang Deqiang , Liu Shizhong , Li Yiyong 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIncreased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and nitrogen (N) deposition induced by human activities have greatly influenced the stoichiometry of N and phosphorus (P). We used model forest ecosystems in open‐top chambers to study the effects of elevated CO2 (ca. 700 μmol mol−1) alone and together with N addition (100 kg N ha−1 yr−1) on N to P (N : P) ratios in leaves, stems and roots of five tree species, including four non‐N2 fixers and one N2 fixer, in subtropical China from 2006 to 2009. Elevated CO2 decreased or had no effects on N : P ratios in plant tissues of tree species. N addition, especially under elevated CO2, lowered N : P ratios in the N2 fixer, and this effect was significant in the stems and the roots. However, only one species of the non‐N2 fixers showed significantly lower N : P ratios under N addition in 2009, and the others were not affected by N addition. The reductions of N : P ratios in response to elevated CO2 and N addition were mainly associated with the increases in P concentrations. Our results imply that elevated CO2 and N addition could facilitate tree species to mitigate P limitation by more strongly influencing P dynamics than N in the subtropical forests.
Xerostomia in complete denture wearers: prevalence, clinical findings and impact on oral functions
Authors: Al‐Dwairi Ziad , Lynch Edward 
Published: September 2012

ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of dry mouth in a select sample of edentulous Jordanian older population wearing complete dentures and to evaluate its impact on oral functions.BackgroundThe prevalence and impact of Xerostomia as a cofactor in causing denture problems in Jordanians have not been previously investigated.Materials and methodsThis study included 455 participants (253 men and 202 women). Perception of dry mouth was measured by a pilot‐tested questionnaire. Xerostomic status was confirmed clinically. Complete denture function was also assessed.ResultsOne hundred and thirty six subjects (29.9%) had reported a subjective feeling of dry mouth with a prevalence of 24.9% in men (n = 63) and 36.1% in women (n = 73) (p < 0.01). 136 of the 145 subjects with satisfactory dentures showed one or more signs suggestive of Xerostomia. The majority of xerostomic participants with different sets of complete dentures were dissatisfied with oral functions (p < 0.05). There was a significant association between dry mouth and increasing age, female gender and smoking status (p < 0.05).ConclusionAmong complete denture wearers, Xerostomia is significantly more prevalent in women and associated with increased age and smoking. Xerostomia adversely affects oral functions and overall satisfaction with dentures.
On the phylogeny and evolution of Mesozoic and extant lineages of Adephaga (Coleoptera, Insecta)
Authors: Beutel Rolf G. , Wang Bo , Tan Jing‐Jing , Ge Si‐Qin , Ren Dong , Yang Xing‐Ke 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe relationships of extant and extinct lineages of Adephaga were analysed formally for the first time. Emphasis is placed on the aquatic and semiaquatic groups and their evolution in the Mesozoic. †Triadogyrus and †Mesodineutus belong to Gyrinidae, the sister group of the remaining families. †Triaplidae are the sister group of the following groups (Haliplidae, Geadephaga, Dytiscoidea incl. †Liadytidae, †Parahygrobiidae and †Coptoclavidae [major part]). The lack of a ventral procoxal joint and a very short prosternal process are plesiomorphies of †Triaplidae. †Coptoclavidae and †Timarchopsinae are paraphyletic. †Timarchopsis is placed in a geadephagan clade. In contrast to other coptoclavids, its metathorax is close to the condition found in Haliplidae, with a complete transverse ridge and coxae with large plates and free mesal walls. †Coptoclavidae s.str., i.e. excl. †Timarchopsis, is a dytiscoid subgroup. The mesal metacoxal walls are fused, the coxal plates are reduced, and the transverse ridge is absent. †Stygeonectes belongs to this dytiscoid coptoclavid unit and is therefore misplaced in †Timarchopsinae. †Liadytidae belongs to a dytiscoid subgroup, which also comprises the extant families Aspidytidae, Amphizoidae, Hygrobiidae and Dytiscidae. †Parahygrobia is the sister group of Hygrobiidae. The larvae are characterized by a broad gula, the absence of the lacinia, retractile maxillary bases and very long urogomphi set with long setae. †Liadytiscinae is the sister group of extant Dytiscidae. There is no support for a clade †Eodromeinae and for Trachypachidae incl. †Eodromeinae. †Fortiseode is nested within Carabidae. The exclusion of fossil taxa has no effect on the branching pattern. The evolution of Adephaga in the Mesozoic is discussed. Possible reasons for the extinction of †Coptoclavidae are the rise of teleost fish and the competition of Gyrinidae and Dytiscidae, which possess efficient defensive glands and larval mandibular sucking channels.
How to support families of children with disabilities? An exploratory study of social support services
Authors: Tétreault Sylvie , Blais‐Michaud Sophie , Marier Deschênes Pascale , Beaupré Pauline , Gascon Hubert , Boucher Normand , Carrière Monique 
Published: September 2012

AbstractSupport services to families of children with disabilities have previously been documented. While the effectiveness and consequences of some support strategies have been defined, their comparison remains problematic primarily because of the diversified existing definitions. The present study aimed to elaborate and validate a typology to describe different types of support that can be offered to families of children with disabilities. A review of literature highlighted a variety of support services and allowed a categorical grouping. Content analysis ensured that each category was defined distinctively. Afterwards, a panel of experts and representatives of organizations from seven developed countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Sweden and Switzerland) validated the typology. A database of services offered in these countries was created. The resulting typology was divided into four categories related to the family needs: support, respite, child minding and emergency support. Each type of support can be illustrated within organizations in the database. As such, social workers can use the defined typology to identify the needs of families of children with disabilities and suggest alternatives when services are not available. Overall, the described typology should facilitate discussion between stakeholders and families by providing a common communication system.
Endothelial cell–selective adhesion molecule in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Kacso Ina M. , Kacso Gabriel 
Published: September 2012

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (11): 1227–1234AbstractBackground  Endothelial cell–selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) contributes to the integrity of tight junctions and modulates endothelial function. ESAM has been linked to experimental diabetic nephropathy; its soluble fraction is related to atherosclerosis in humans. In this cross‐sectional observational study, we describe for the first time serum ESAM in type 2 diabetic patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its relationship to vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A).Materials and methods  We included diabetic patients with different stages of CKD and controls. History, laboratory evaluation, serum ESAM and VEGF‐A and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were obtained.Results  Endothelial cell–selective adhesion molecule was higher in non‐CKD diabetic patients 13·80 (6·15–18·70) ng/mL (n = 45) than controls 7·30 (4·60–9·40) ng/mL (n = 48), P = 0·001. VEGF‐A had a similar pattern: 71·3 (54·75–120·70) vs. 43·20 (30·1–65·90) pg/mL, P < 0·0001. ESAM was 10·4 (5·6–17·4) ng/mL in predialysis CKD patients (n = 59) and 22·35 (8·55–29·95) ng/mL in dialysis patients (n = 36), P < 0·001. Patients with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 15 mL/min had the highest ESAM (P = 0·003). ESAM was similar in normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric and proteinuric patients. ESAM was directly correlated with the duration of diabetes (r2 = 0·048, P = 0·009), C‐reactive protein (r2 = 0·028, P = 0·05), VEGF‐A (r2 = 0·040, P = 0·01) and inversely with HbA1C (r2 = 0·036, P = 0·03), haemoglobin (r2 = 0·062, P = 0·005) and albumin (r2 = 0·0·40, P = 0·026). In multiple regression diabetes duration, HbA1C and VEGF‐A were significant predictors of ESAM. In controls, ESAM was inversely related to VEGF (r2 = 037, P = 0·01).Conclusion  Endothelial cell–selective adhesion molecule and VEGF‐A are higher in patients with diabetes than in controls. The highest ESAM is found in dialysis patients. ESAM correlates with diabetes duration and control, inflammation and VEGF‐A in patients with diabetes, but not in controls.
Death by mental retardation? The influence of ambiguity on death certificate coding error for adults with intellectual disability
Authors: Landes S. D. , Peek C. W. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the coding of mental retardation as underlying cause of death has been recognised by previous researchers as erroneous, factors influencing this inaccuracy have not been sufficiently analysed. This study explores the effects of diagnostic ambiguity on risk of mental retardation being coded as underlying cause of death on US death certificates from 2004.MethodsUtilising all US death certificates from 2004 that included a cause of death code for mental retardation, logistic regression analysis provided estimates of the likelihood of having mental retardation erroneously coded as the underlying cause of death. Estimators used to measure ambiguity included the number of multiple causes of death, the place of death, and ICD‐10 diagnostic Chapter codes.ResultsA total of 2278 US death certificates from 2004 included a cause of death code for mental retardation. Of these death certificates, 20% erroneously coded mental retardation as the underlying cause of death. Reflecting the negative impact of diagnostic ambiguity on death certificate coding accuracy, mental retardation was more likely to be coded as underlying cause of death for decedents who: (1) had a death certificate that provided less information on co‐morbid disease processes; (2) died in an outpatient or emergency room setting; or (3) had either abnormal symptomatology or death by injury, accident or other external cause.ConclusionsFindings from this study, as well as prior research, demonstrate that attempts to understand mortality trends for this population must attend to frequent underlying cause of death coding errors which threaten accuracy of cause of death data. Furthermore, inquiry is warranted into the impetus behind US death certificate coding policy that continues to allow the erroneous coding of ‘death by mental retardation’.