bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of tube heat pipe solar collector with phase change material for seawater desalination system
Authors: Kusumadewi R.A. , Putra N. , Moersidik S.S. , Laksono S. , Putra G.J.P. , Utomo A.J.P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Unlimited seawater resources resulted for utilization of desalination systems using seawater treatment process emerges as a promising technology for addressing the continually escalating need for freshwater. At present, the most notable desalination processes that are reverse osmosis, membrane distillation, multistage desalination, multiple-effect distillation, and electrodialysis, require energy generated by fossil fuels to obtain fresh water. Among the noteworthy sources of renewable energy, solar energy stands out with its manifold applications. The use of solar energy has strong advantages, such as a low maintenance and operation costs. In this study, a novel solar desalination system is introduced, which integrates tube heat pipe solar collector (THP-SC) equipped with phase change material (PCM). The aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of THP-SC equipped with PCM and without PCM. The feedwater sample used is water. Parameters measured for 24 hours were temperature, solar radiation, ambient air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. The greatest recorded solar radiation at noon (11.52 a.m.) is 900 W/m2 while the maximum recorded ambient temperature at 12.45 p.m. is 35.2°C. The experimental study showed that from morning to afternoon (06.00-15.00), the temperature of the evaporator section of the heat pipe on the THP-SC without PCM (46.70-56.21°C) was higher than the temperature of the evaporator section of the heat pipe on the THP-SC with PCM (33.18-44.43°C). This is because solar radiation will heat the PCM first before heating the heat pipe. PCM can store heat energy and release it at night. This can be seen from the water temperature in THP-SC with PCM (28.39-36.03) which is higher than the water temperature in THP-SC without PCM (27.17-34.01) at night, but the temperature difference is not significant. This can be caused by the large amount of heat lost to the environment in THP-SC with PCM, it is best to coat the heat pipe tube with insulation and create a vacuum to reduce heat loss.
A study of the temperature distribution in the OTEC cold water pipe using a heat and mass transfer approach
Authors: Firmansyah A I , Mukhtasor  , Satrio D , Rahmawati S , Ikhwani H , Pratikto W A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The difference between sea water temperature at a depth of around 1000 m and sea water temperature at sea level is generally used as a parameter in the design of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC). In practice, electricity generation is determined by the difference between the temperature of the cold seawater coming out of the Cold Water Pipe (CWP) and the temperature of the seawater at the surface. The temperature of cold sea water increases due to heat transfer experienced by cold sea water flowing through the CWP, which comes into contact with surrounding sea water which has a higher temperature. This in turn provides a lower actual temperature difference, and therefore reduces the design power capacity. However, many previous studies did not consider these lower temperature differences. This may be acceptable for cases with practically small heat transfer such as CWP with low thermal conductivity combined with good insulation used in 1000 m CWP vertical floating systems. Unfortunately, this may not be the case for many of OTEC’s proposed alternative sites, which are located on land systems that require CWP lengths of five km or more. This raises the need for careful investigation to determine the temperature of the sea water coming out of the CWP, where it is necessary to calculate the temperature distribution of the cold sea water flowing through the CWP. This paper aims to estimate the temperature distribution of cold sea water flowing through the CWP and the increase in temperature of cold sea water leaving the CWP. Analysis based on the principles of mass and heat transfer was carried out in this research, where modelling was carried out numerically using a finite volume approach. For the case considered, the change in sea water temperature at CWP from depth to the surface occurs 1-3°C, which is the accumulation of each change in sea water depth. The results of this research illustrate that designing an OTEC system with a long CWP must consider the temperature distribution of cold sea water flowing through the CWP to produce a more realistic design.
Renewable energy sharing based on the effect of energy supply from energy transportation and storage side on building load demand
Authors: Wan T C , Pan S , Wang X R , Cui Y , Yuan Y D , Wang H Y , Ge Q , Liu J L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To lower environmental-based operation costs, many literatures studied the relationship between the energy generation side (EGS) and building load (BL) demand side based on solar-based integrated energy systems (SIESs), without directly considering the effect of energy from energy transportation and storage side (ETSS) on BL demand, which may result in waste of solar energy extracted. To enhance energy utilization, this study proposed an analysis method that renewable energy source shares among different buildings was investigated based on the supply relationship between energy from the ETSS side and BL demand side. ETSS included an electric boiler/chiller (EB/C), double-effect absorption heat pump (AHP) and tank. According to the energy sources from ETSS and building loads for a hotel, a residence and a hospital on a heating/cooling day. The proposed analysis method was used to develop the potential of available renewable energy through energy sharing from the perspective of the energy consumption differences of the three buildings. The results presented that the potential of renewable energy utilization was further developed by reasonably operating the use and storage of energy sources from ETSS based on the optimization between energy sources from EGS and building loads. Energy source shares among different buildings with different energy consumption characteristics enhanced energy efficiency according to reasonably change the useable time of energy sources from tanks. When a building required a large number of energy sources, the buildings with low energy consumption directly shared renewable energy without considering the use of energy storage. This study can provide a reference for optimizing the design of integrated energy system (IES)-based architecture with different building loads.
A method for fast and accurate prediction of wind turbine thrust coefficients using classical momentum theory and power curve
Authors: Tai Vin Cent , Tan Yong Chai , Moey Lip Kean , Abd Rahman Nor Faiza , Baglee David , Saw Lip Huat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The planning and development of windfarms require accurate prediction of the thrust coefficient (cT
) of wind turbines, which significantly affects the downstream wake. Traditional methods, such as blade element momentum theory (BEMT), often necessitate detailed geometric information of wind turbines for cT
computation, information that is not frequently available, especially in the early stages of windfarm planning. This paper aims to address this challenge by presenting a novel and efficient approach to predict cT
for horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs). The proposed method integrates classical momentum theory with power curve data to estimate the average axial induction factor (a), thereby enabling the calculation of cT
without requiring detailed geometric information of HAWTs. The method was validated against thirty-five existing pitch-controlled HAWTs, with R2 values ranging from 0.9604 to 0.9989. This validation confirms the accuracy of the method, making it a viable alternative to traditional techniques that demand comprehensive wind turbine geometric details. The method has demonstrated both rapidity and precision in cT
computation for turbine wake analysis, ensuring high levels of prediction accuracy and potentially lowering the barrier to entry for windfarm development. Unlike existing models predominantly focused on wind turbine power curves, cT
modelling has largely been overlooked. This study makes a unique contribution to the field by proposing a novel method for cT
prediction, thereby filling a critical gap in windfarm planning and development. However, while the study shows promising results, further research is warranted to explore its applicability in diverse windfarm scenarios and turbine configurations.
Bio-oil production from the catalytic pyrolysis of raw and torrefied corn waste by using MgO and CaO catalysts
Authors: Thu K , Fukuda S , Krerkkaiwan S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research investigates the influence of torrefaction and catalytic pyrolysis of raw corn waste (RCW) to upgrade the quality of bio-oil. RCW was torrefied at 280°C for 16 mins to produce torrefied corn waste (TCW). Natural basic oxides (CaO and MgO) catalysts were selected because of inexpensive and high catalytic performance. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted in a bench-scaled bubbling fluidized bed reactor at 500°C. The effects of torrefaction and the presence of a catalyst on the pyrolysis product both yield and composition were investigated. The results from non-catalytic pyrolysis revealed that TCW pyrolysis gave 15 wt.% lower in oil yield, and about 6.8 wt.% lower in gas yield but the char yield was approximately 22 wt.% higher compared to the pyrolysis of RCW. Considering the effect of catalyst, the yield of bio-oil reduced slightly, while the yield of char and gas increased compared to non-catalytic pyrolysis for both RCW and TCW. The bio-oil composition derived from TCW pyrolysis contained more phenolic and aromatic compounds and significantly lower oxygenated compounds when compared to that of RCW pyrolysis. Moreover, with the presence of the catalysts, the bio-oil composition and HHVs of bio-oil was also improved.
Study of wet torrefaction and anaerobic digestion of empty fruit bunches for bioenergy production
Authors: Aziz N A M , Mohamed H , Zainal B S , Abdullah R A , Rizal N A S M , Yu K L , Jamali N S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In Malaysia, the palm oil industry generates vast amounts of solid and liquid waste, including empty fruit bunches (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent (POME). Finding efficient and environmentally friendly ways to manage and utilise this waste is crucial for sustainability. The research explores the utilisation of wet torrefaction in water for EFB, examining its impact on anaerobic digestion, specifically the dark fermentation (DF) process. The liquid product of torrefied EFB was further investigated as a substrate for biohydrogen production, employing innovative pre-treatment methods such as heat and acid on POME as the inoculum. This study focused on exploring the impact of temperature and holding time on the wet torrefaction of EFB prior to the dark fermentation process. Wet torrefaction was conducted at temperatures between 180 – 210°C and EFB: water ratio of 1:20 for 10 – 30 min, resulting in a mass yield of 52 – 54% and a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 19.7 – 25.4 g/L COD. The chosen conditions (210°C for 30 min) demonstrated the lowest COD, validating the potential of torrefied liquid EFB for biohydrogen production. Dark fermentation was carried out at 37°C for 5 days, exploring various inoculum pretreatment parameters, including heat (80°C for 1 hr) and acid treatment (HCL pH 2-4). Liquid torrefied EFB with heat treatment inoculum exhibited the highest biohydrogen yield of 5.8 Nml, a notable 18% increase compared to the control. Through optimisation of parameters and effective waste management strategies, wet torrefaction and dark fermentation of EFB and POME emerge as promising approaches for sustainable biomass utilisation and renewable energy generation.
Sustainable bio-jet fuel synthesis techniques for the aviation industry
Authors: Tan C H , Yaw C T , Koh S P , Kadirgama K , Abed A M , Majdi H S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the near future, the aviation industry is expected to significantly increase the usage of “drop-in” bio-jet fuel as the technologies in biofuel production advances and matures. Given the high rate of growth in the aviation sector, the demand for aerial transportation of passenger and cargo is projected to increase by two-fold in the next twenty years. This will raise the global aviation fuel consumption to an estimated 22.48 quadrillion British thermal unit (BTU) by 2040. To meet these high energy demands, it is necessary to develop alternative and sustainable methods to produce jet fuel. In light of this, intense research and numerous fundings have been allocated into developing efficient production methods for bio-jet fuel. Conventional jet fuel emits a considerable amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) when combusted, which contributes to global warming. Compared to traditional jet fuel, bio-jet fuel is a renewable energy source and regarded to emit less GHGs. Bio-jet fuel can be produced using a diverse range of both edible (food crops such as soybean, corn, and sugar cane) and inedible (such as energy crops, agricultural wastes, and lignocellulosic biomass) feedstocks. There are various promising technologies that can produce aviation biofuel, which includes oil-to-jet [hydroprocessed ester and fatty acids (HEFA)], alcohol-to-jet, sugar-to-jet [hydroprocessing of fermented sugars (HFS)], and syngas-to-jet [Fisher-Tropsch (FT)]. Compared to the other techniques, HEFA bio-jet fuel can be sold at a lower price because HEFA requires less capital investment, capital cost, and energy cost. Although FT technique require high capital investment, FT bio-jet fuel can be sold at medium price due to its matured technology. The breakeven cost of ATJ and HFS bio-jet fuel varies greatly due to the supply and cost of sugar-rich feedstocks, as well as short lifespan of enzymes. Although bio-jet fuel has the potential to replace petroleum jet fuel in the future, there are still many technological and socio-economic challenges that must be overcome. Therefore, this paper aims to highlight the current status, technological advances, and economic challenges of bio-jet fuel production for energy transition in the aviation industry.
Decision support system for urban river water quality as a source of clean water using the SMART method
Authors: MZ Yumarlin , Rahayu Sri 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Rivers play an essential role as vital water sources with roles spanning sanitation, hygiene, drinking, and agriculture, particularly in rural areas. However, Kabupaten Sleman’s river water quality, including its Kabupaten Sleman region in Yogyakarta, has severely degraded due to pollution from solid and liquid sources. Chemical contaminants have rendered the water unsafe, posing health risks. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the water quality in the rivers of Bedog and Sembung located in Kabupaten Sleman. This evaluation utilizes Water Quality Criteria from the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulations Number 82 of 2001, alongside assigned weights. The research employs a diverse range of methodologies, including in-depth literature analysis, meticulous field observation, interviews, and comprehensive water quality assessment. A Decision Support System is adeptly employed as a strategic tool to grapple with the intricate facets inherent in the issue, thereby formulating pragmatic resolutions that facilitate judicious decision-making across diverse contexts. In addressing the dimension of water quality for communities along the Bedog and Sembung rivers, the study seamlessly integrates the SMART (Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique) approach. SMART’s agility in steering multi-attribute decisions expedites the decision-making process. SMART’s computational outcomes yield values of 0.304 and 0.395 for the Bedog and Sembung Rivers, respectively, both falling within the 0 to 0.49 range. This collective conclusion indicates that neither river meets the criteria for clean water quality, making it unsuitable for activities like sanitation, hygiene, drinking, and agriculture. The study underscores the urgency of rectifying river water quality, particularly in urban settings, to ensure safe and sustainable water sources for communities. The seamless integration of SMART as a decision-making tool amplifies the potential for effective interventions in navigating water quality management complexities.
Mini review on circularity framework for textile waste in healthcare
Authors: Zandberga A , Gusca J , Blumberga D , Kalnins S N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The growing impact of the healthcare sector and its environmental consequences (energy-intensive processes, material consumption and waste generation) require rapid actions to be implemented widely. To meet the environmental and climate change challenges faced by the healthcare sector, this review paper discusses how circularity frameworks can be applied to medical textile waste. This review paper explores existing circularity frameworks to address the challenges resulting from textile waste in the healthcare sector. Textile waste, primarily originating from medical garments (scrubs, isolation gowns), patient apparel and bedding, surgical textiles, wound care textiles, personal protective equipment (masks, gowns and aprons), textiles for diagnostic purposes (medical imaging), and textiles for hygiene and sanitation, present an environmental impact due to their non-biodegradability and energy-intensive production processes. This paper conducts a thorough mini review of those circularity frameworks applied to healthcare textile waste along the product’s life cycle within hospitals. The review focuses on the current waste management practices of the hospitals and evaluates innovative circular economy interventions. Case studies and pilot projects that have successfully operated circularity frameworks for managing healthcare textiles waste are included in the review to provide practical insight.
Experimental soil matrix, vortex and oil skimming technology as a tertiary treatment of wastewater effluent
Authors: Tugade C. , Pescos C.J. , Caliwag C.A.L. , Centeno C.D.V. , Tan J.D.C. , Malveda Q.M.D , Olivares R.C. , Chavez R.M. , Carrillo L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Water is a necessary resource that must be carefully managed. Hazardous chemicals are produced with increased industrial activities and contamination has been detrimental to both people and the environment. An experimental investigation was performed to evaluate the efficiency of vortex technology, soil matrices, and oil skimmer separately for combination as a tertiary wastewater treatment in the design of a phytoremediation system. The objective of the study is to evaluate the performance of each component in removing oil and grease, reducing the concentration of ammonia, nitrate, and phosphate; quality control measures for dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, and chemical oxygen demand. One-way ANOVA, kinetics analysis, and adoption isotherm analysis were applied to determine the significance of the parameters. Analysis of results for the oil skimmer exhibited an efficiency of 96% in removing oil and grease after 5 hours of treatment. The vortex technology results were fluctuating with percentage removal of nitrates at 11% while ammonia with an initial concentration of 5.24 mg/L was reduced to 4.12 mg/L. Phosphate decreased after treatment from an initial of 0.87 mg/L to 0.809 mg/L. The analysis of pollutant concentration in the soil matrix after a 5-day period indicated a greater efficiency compared to the vortex technology in the removal of ammonia and phosphate. The ammonia concentration decreased from 18.7 mg/L and 21.4 mg/L to <0.1 mg/L. Similarly, phosphate concentration decreased from 15.5 mg/L to 1.13 mg/L and from 32.5 mg/L to 0.948 mg/L. The research finding underscores the efficiency of the soil matrix in removing ammonia and phosphate but recommends the need for additional intervention to lower nitrate. Overall, the three technologies showed potential and greater efficiencies in mitigating wastewater streams resulting in a notable reduction in oil and pollutant concentrations.
Horizontal-flow constructed wetlands by phytoremediation using vetiver grass, common reed, and canna lily as tertiary wastewater treatment for the reduction of pollutant concentrations of ammonia, phosphates, and nitrates
Authors: Junio C J , Ontar P A , Rutaquio V J , Manlapaz J M , Braga E B , Tugade C , Pescos C J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The discharge of untreated wastewater into rivers and water bodies poses significant environmental and public health risks. High concentrations of contaminants like heavy metals and pharmaceuticals disrupt rivers, exacerbating waterborne diseases, and leading to unsafe water in the Philippines. This study proposed the use of horizontal-flow constructed wetlands as a tertiary treatment method utilizing the plants: vetiver grass, common reed, and canna lily, to reduce pollutant concentrations in wastewater. This is to ensure compliance with water quality guidelines and general effluent standards under the Class SB Category, water suitable for fishery, tourist zones, and recreational activities. The research investigated the efficiency of phytoremediation beds in removing pollutants from wastewater under fixed hydraulic retention times. The efficiency of reducing pollutants and adsorption isotherms (Freundlich and Langmuir) were calculated to analyze the results of the sampling. Phytoremediation bed 1 demonstra ted efficient ammonia removal by 64.64%. Phytoremediation bed 2 was proficient in reducing nitrates at 83.85%, while phytoremediation bed 3 effectively reduced phosphate to an average of 26.26%, achieved after a 6-hour retention time. In addition, Freundlich adsorption isotherm was observable in most parameters in phytoremediation bed 1 such as ammonia as nitrogen, TDS, COD, and DO. Phytoremediation bed 3 exhibited the same adsorption isotherm on ammonia as nitrogen. Conclusively, the phytoremediation system met the Department of Environment and Natural Resources - Updated Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standard (GES) for all parameters tested.