bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract M- and Abstract L-Spaces of Polynomials on Banach Lattices
Authors: Bu Qingying , Buskes Gerard , Li Yongjin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this paper we use the norm of bounded variation to study multilinear operators and polynomials on Banach lattices. As a result, we obtain when all continuous multilinear operators and polynomials on Banach lattices are regular. We also provide new abstract M- and abstract L-spaces of multilinear operators and polynomials and generalize all the results by Grecu and Ryan, from Banach lattices with an unconditional basis to all Banach lattices.
On the Local Tb Theorem: A Direct Proof under the Duality Assumption
Authors: Lacey Michael T. , Vähäkangas Antti V. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe give a new direct proof of the local Tb theorem in the Euclidean setting and under the assumption of dual exponents. This theorem provides a flexible framework for proving the boundedness of a Calderón–Zygmund operator, supposing the existence of systems of local accretive functions. We assume that the integrability exponents on these systems of functions are of the form 1/p + 1/q ⩽ 1, the ‘dual case’ 1/p + 1/q = 1 being the most difficult one. Our proof is direct: it avoids a reduction to the perfect dyadic case unlike some previous approaches. The principal point of interest is in the use of random grids and the corresponding construction of the corona. We also use certain twisted martingale transform inequalities.
Predictors of persistent maternal depression trajectories in early childhood: results from the EDEN mother–child cohort study in France
Authors: van der Waerden J. , Galéra C. , Saurel-Cubizolles M.-J. , Sutter-Dallay A.-L. , Melchior M. ,   the EDEN Mother–Child Cohort Study Group
Published: February 2015

BackgroundMaternal depression in the pre- and postpartum period may set women on a course of chronic depressive symptoms. Little is known about predictors of persistently elevated depressive symptoms in mothers from pregnancy onwards. The aims of this study are to determine maternal depression trajectories from pregnancy to the child's fifth birthday and identify associated risk factors.MethodMothers (N = 1807) from the EDEN mother–child birth cohort study based in France (2003–2011) were followed from 24–28 weeks of pregnancy to their child's fifth birthday. Maternal depression trajectories were determined with a semi-parametric group-based modelling strategy. Sociodemographic, psychosocial and psychiatric predictors were explored for their association with trajectory class membership.ResultsFive trajectories of maternal symptoms of depression from pregnancy onwards were identified: no symptoms (60.2%); persistent intermediate-level depressive symptoms (25.2%); persistent high depressive symptoms (5.0%); high symptoms in pregnancy only (4.7%); high symptoms in the child's preschool period only (4.9%).Socio-demographic predictorsassociated with persistent depression were non-French origin;psychosocial predictorswere childhood adversities, life events during pregnancy and work overinvestment;psychiatric predictorswere previous mental health problems, psychological help, and high anxiety during pregnancy.ConclusionsPersistent depression in mothers of young children is associated to several risk factors present prior to or during pregnancy, notably anxiety. These characteristics precede depression trajectories and offer a possible entry point to enhance mother's mental health and reduce its burden on children.
LEKITĀB AL-KAŠF ʿAN MANĀHIĞ AL-ADILLAD'AVERROÈS: LES PHASES DE LA RÉDACTION DANS LES DISCOURS SUR L'EXISTENCE DE DIEU ET SUR LA DIRECTION, D'APRÈS L'ORIGINAL ARABE ET LA TRADUCTION HÉBRAÏQUE
Authors: Di Donato Silvia 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe extant manuscript tradition of theKitāb al-Kašfprovides evidences of three phases of redaction and revision of the treatise. This study aims to illustrate the relations between the two Arabic versions and the anonymous fourteenth century Hebrew translation, taking into account the additions and modifications that differentiate them. I conclude that the Hebrew translation represents an intermediate stage of reworking, attesting important additions to the text as well as philosophical changes, especially in arguments concerning the creation of the world at the beginning of the treatise. However, it precedes the next revision phase of the text, which leaded to the modifications of the last Arabic version, in the chapters dealing with the thorny questions of divine corporeality and direction. The analysis of additions and arguments in the matter of content, context and reasoning helps to understand the redaction phases' history and the way the treatise was transmitted.
Carbon-sensitive productivity, climate and institutions
Authors: Kumar Surender , Managi Shunsuke 
Published: February 2015

AbstractClimate and institutions might be crucial in lowering the vagaries of climate change impacts in terms of productivity. This study measures the relationships of productivity measures adjusted for the regulation of carbon emission and institutions together with climate change throughout the world. This paper finds that there is higher potential for reduction of CO2emissions in developing countries at lower cost. However, the cost to reduce emissions lowers their growth potential in terms of lost productivity growth. Better institutions help to lower the negative impacts of climate change by improving the process of technological adoption in developing countries. Climate change reduces the productivity growth in developing countries by lowering the process of technological adoption, and better institutions result in higher productivity.
On forward inferences of fast and slow readers. An eye movement study
Authors: Hawelka Stefan , Schuster Sarah , Gagl Benjamin , Hutzler Florian 
Published: February 2015

AbstractUnimpaired readers process words incredibly fast and hence it was assumed that top-down processing, such as predicting upcoming words, would be too slow to play an appreciable role in reading. This runs counter the major postulate of the predictive coding framework that our brain continually predicts probable upcoming sensory events. This means, it may generate predictions about the probable upcoming word during reading (dubbed forward inferences). Trying to asses these contradictory assumptions, we evaluated the effect of the predictability of words in sentences on eye movement control during silent reading. Participants were a group of fluent (i.e., fast) and a group of speed-impaired (i.e., slow) readers. The findings indicate that fast readers generate forward inferences, whereas speed-impaired readers do so to a reduced extent - indicating a significant role of predictive coding for fluent reading.
Suppressing Klein tunneling in graphene using a one-dimensional array of localized scatterers
Authors: Walls Jamie D. , Hadad Daniel 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGraphene's unique physical and chemical properties make it an attractive platform for use in micro- and nanoelectronic devices. However, electrostatically controlling the flow of electrons in graphene can be challenging as a result of Klein tunneling, where electrons normally incident to a one-dimensional potential barrier of height V are perfectly transmitted even as V → ∞. In this study, theoretical and numerical calculations predict that the transmission probability for an electron wave normally incident to a one-dimensional array of localized scatterers can be significantly less than unity when the electron wavelength is smaller than the spacing between scatterers. In effect, placing periodic openings throughout a potential barrier can, somewhat counterintuitively, decrease transmission in graphene. Our results suggest that electrostatic potentials with spatial variations on the order of the electron wavelength can suppress Klein tunneling and could find applications in developing graphene electronic devices.
An Effect of Molecular Motion on Carrier Formation in a Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Film
Authors: Ogata Yudai , Kawaguchi Daisuke , Tanaka Keiji 
Published: February 2015

AbstractFree carriers, polarons (P), in conjugated polymers play a key role in the performance of optoelectronic devices. Here, we present solid evidence that P can be predominantly generated from polaron pairs (PP) in a poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) film under zero electric field. P formation from PP strongly depends on temperature. The temperature dependence of P starts to change around 300 K. P3HT exhibits a thermal molecular motion named the α1 relaxation process, in which the twisting motion of thiophene rings is released, in this temperature region. Thus, it can be claimed that the twisting motion of P3HT thiophene rings is one of the determining factors of the photodynamics of P in P3HT films. This finding holds true for poly(thiophene)s with different alkyl lengths and should be considered in the design and construction of highly-functionalized organic devices based on poly(thiophene)s.
Muonium in Stishovite: Implications for the Possible Existence of Neutral Atomic Hydrogen in the Earth's Deep Mantle
Authors: Funamori Nobumasa , Kojima Kenji M. , Wakabayashi Daisuke , Sato Tomoko , Taniguchi Takashi , Nishiyama Norimasa , Irifune Tetsuo , Tomono Dai , Matsuzaki Teiichiro , Miyazaki Masanori , Hiraishi Masatoshi , Koda Akihiro , Kadono Ryosuke 
Published: February 2015

AbstractHydrogen in the Earth's deep interior has been thought to exist as a hydroxyl group in high-pressure minerals. We present Muon Spin Rotation experiments on SiO2 stishovite, which is an archetypal high-pressure mineral. Positive muon (which can be considered as a light isotope of proton) implanted in stishovite was found to capture electron to form muonium (corresponding to neutral hydrogen). The hyperfine-coupling parameter and the relaxation rate of spin polarization of muonium in stishovite were measured to be very large, suggesting that muonium is squeezed in small and anisotropic interstitial voids without binding to silicon or oxygen. These results imply that hydrogen may also exist in the form of neutral atomic hydrogen in the deep mantle.
Quantum speed limits in open systems: Non-Markovian dynamics without rotating-wave approximation
Authors: Sun Zhe , Liu Jing , Ma Jian , Wang Xiaoguang 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe derive an easily computable quantum speed limit (QSL) time bound for open systems whose initial states can be chosen as either pure or mixed states. Moreover, this QSL time is applicable to either Markovian or non-Markovian dynamics. By using of a hierarchy equation method, we numerically study the QSL time bound in a qubit system interacting with a single broadened cavity mode without rotating-wave, Born and Markovian approximation. By comparing with rotating-wave approximation (RWA) results, we show that the counter-rotating terms are helpful to increase evolution speed. The problem of non-Markovianity is also considered. We find that for non-RWA cases, increasing system-bath coupling can not always enhance the non-Markovianity, which is qualitatively different from the results with RWA. When considering the relation between QSL and non-Markovianity, we find that for small broadening widths of the cavity mode, non-Markovianity can increase the evolution speed in either RWA or non-RWA cases, while, for larger broadening widths, it is not true for non-RWA cases.
Fermi Level shifting, Charge Transfer and Induced Magnetic Coupling at La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/LaNiO3 Interface
Authors: Ning Xingkun , Wang Zhanjie , Zhang Zhidong 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA large magnetic coupling has been observed at the La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/LaNiO3 (LCMO/LNO) interface. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study results show that Fermi level continuously shifted across the LCMO/LNO interface in the interface region. In addition, the charge transfer between Mn and Ni ions of the type Mn3+ − Ni3+ → Mn4+ − Ni2+ with the oxygen vacancies are observed in the interface region. The intrinsic interfacial charge transfer can give rise to itinerant electrons, which results in a “shoulder feature” observed at the low binding energy in the Mn 2p core level spectra. Meanwhile, the orbital reconstruction can be mapped according to the Fermi level position and the charge transfer mode. It can be considered that the ferromagnetic interaction between Ni2+ and Mn4+ gives rise to magnetic regions that pin the ferromagnetic LCMO and cause magnetic coupling at the LCMO/LNO interface.
The Relationship Between EABR and Auditory Performance and Speech Intelligibility Outcomes in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients
Authors: Wang Yu , Pan Tao , Deshpande Shruti Balvalli , Ma Furong 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
The primary purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between postimplant electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) measures (wave V threshold, wave V latency, input–output functions) and auditory performance and speech intelligibility outcomes measured using parental rating scales, such as Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP; Archbold, Lutman, & Marshall, 1995) and the Speech Intelligibility Rating scale (SIR; Allen, Nikolopoulos, Dyar, & O'Donoghue, 2001), respectively. The secondary purpose was to evaluate the relationship between age at implantation and ratings on the CAP and SIR.

Method
Forty children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss participated. Preimplant parental ratings on the CAP and SIR were obtained, and all the children underwent cochlear implantation. Intracochlear EABRs were recorded postimplantation. Postimplant parental ratings on the CAP and SIR were obtained. The relationships between EABR parameters and auditory performance and speech intelligibility outcomes were studied. The effect of age at implantation on auditory performance and speech intelligibility outcomes was also investigated.

Results

A significant negative correlation was found between EABR wave V thresholds and SIR growth (
r
= −.415,
p
= .016). Children with better CAP growths tended to have lower wave V thresholds than those with poorer CAP growths. Age at implantation had an effect on the auditory performance as measured using the CAP.

Conclusions
The present study provides evidence for the relationship between wave V thresholds of the intracochlear EABR and auditory performance and speech intelligibility outcomes measured using parental rating scales in pediatric cochlear implant recipients. Data also indicate that early intervention has a positive impact on auditory performance outcomes.
Are Young Children With Cochlear Implants Sensitive to the Statistics of Words in the Ambient Spoken Language?
Authors: Guo Ling-Yu , McGregor Karla K. , Spencer Linda J. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine whether children with cochlear implants (CIs) are sensitive to statistical characteristics of words in the ambient spoken language, whether that sensitivity changes in expected ways as their spoken lexicon grows, and whether that sensitivity varies with unilateral or bilateral implantation.

Method
We analyzed archival data collected from the parents of 36 children who received cochlear implantation (20 unilateral, 16 bilateral) before 24 months of age. The parents reported their children's word productions 12 months after implantation using the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories: Words and Sentences (Fenson et al., 1993). We computed the number of words, out of 292 possible monosyllabic nouns, verbs, and adjectives, that each child was reported to say and calculated the average phonotactic probability, neighborhood density, and word frequency of the reported words.

Results
Spoken vocabulary size positively correlated with average phonotactic probability and negatively correlated with average neighborhood density, but only in children with bilateral CIs.

Conclusion
At 12 months postimplantation, children with bilateral CIs demonstrate sensitivity to statistical characteristics of words in the ambient spoken language akin to that reported for children with normal hearing during the early stages of lexical development. Children with unilateral CIs do not.
Affective Properties of Mothers' Speech to Infants With Hearing Impairment and Cochlear Implants
Authors: Kondaurova Maria V. , Bergeson Tonya R. , Xu Huiping , Kitamura Christine 
Published: February 2015

PurposeThe affective properties of infant-directed speech influence the attention of infants with normal hearing to speech sounds. This study explored the affective quality of maternal speech to infants with hearing impairment (HI) during the 1st year after cochlear implantation as compared to speech to infants with normal hearing.MethodMothers of infants with HI and mothers of infants with normal hearing matched by age (NH-AM) or hearing experience (NH-EM) were recorded playing with their infants during 3 sessions over a 12-month period. Speech samples of 25 s were low-pass filtered, leaving intonation but not speech information intact. Sixty adults rated the stimuli along 5 scales: positive/negative affect and intention to express affection, to encourage attention, to comfort/soothe, and to direct behavior.ResultsLow-pass filtered speech to HI and NH-EM groups was rated as more positive, affective, and comforting compared with the such speech to the NH-AM group. Speech to infants with HI and with NH-AM was rated as more directive than speech to the NH-EM group. Mothers decreased affective qualities in speech to all infants but increased directive qualities in speech to infants with NH-EM over time.ConclusionsMothers fine-tune communicative intent in speech to their infant's developmental stage. They adjust affective qualities to infants' hearing experience rather than to chronological age but adjust directive qualities of speech to the chronological age of their infants.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170579
Childhood Esophagitis Changes in 30 Years at 1 Center
Authors: Memon Zebunnissa , Baker Robert D. , Khan Abdur , Baker Susan S. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTEosinophils are nonspecific harbingers of esophageal disease. We report on the incidence and features of esophageal eosinophilia diagnosed at our center in 2011 and compare the findings with previously published results between 1980–1988 and 2000–2002. Eosinophils per high‐power field were counted in esophageal biopsies from 675 patients who underwent 710 endoscopic procedures between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2011. Of these, 209 (33%) patients were infiltrated with eosinophils; the other 466 (67%) showed no pathological changes. The highest concentrations of eosinophils were observed in the distal esophagus. Our findings also indicate that esophageal eosinophilia fluctuates over time.
Improvement of Hepatic Steatosis in Cystic Fibrosis With Ivacaftor Therapy
Authors: Hayes Don , Warren Patrick S. , McCoy Karen S. , Sheikh Shahid I. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTTreatment of liver disease, including hepatic steatosis, in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is limited. With the development of ivacaftor, which corrects the gating defect of the CF transmembrane regulator channel, there is a potential new therapy available for this subgroup of the CF patient population. We present an adolescent with CF who had significant improvement in hepatic steatosis with ivacaftor treatment while hypothesizing on a mechanism of why it occurred.
Branding from emerging countries: how to compete internationally?
Authors: Chailan Claude , Ille Francis 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to clarify the challenge of emerging countries’ firms regarding their brand policy. The purpose of the paper is to examine the branding options offered to emerging countries companies when expanding internationally.

Design/methodology/approach
– After having clarified the two paradoxes faced by emerging countries’ brands by way of synthesizing various works, the author formulates a model that provides a representation for the possible brand strategy choices of emerging country companies.

Findings
– The authors formulate a framework with four brand management options which may be put into practice in emerging countries’ companies and suggest how an emerging country’s company could create and develop the best-adapted international brand policy depending on its specific situation regarding localness emphasis and customers’ risk reduction acceptance.

Practical implications
– Results lead to the conclusion that the notion that only global brands are associated with higher product quality or prestige (in relation to local brands) is not a universal truth and thus needs to be interpreted with caution. The research provides support for a branding strategy embedded in the local emerging countries context and tally with research showing that more and more firms from emerging economies are using foreign image association strategies as important components of their branding and marketing strategies.

Originality/value
– The proposal reinforces the contingency perspective of international marketing according to which brand policy may depend on company criteria, as well as foreign market specificities. The research confirms the competitive capacity of emerging countries’ companies’ brands, broadens the scope of international branding knowledge by shifting the focus to under-researched regions of the world.
The impact of social and human capital on individual cooperative behaviour
Authors: De Jong Gjalt 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to analyse whether, and if so, how, personal background and intellectual assets determine individual cooperation.Design/methodology/approach– The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether, and if so, how, social and human capital determine cooperation.Findings– The empirical results show that variations in human and social capital offer a substantial explanation for the likelihood of cooperative behaviour in people involved in social dilemma situations.Research limitations/implications– Testing the model in an international setting with non-student subjects (managers, policymakers) would allow us to explore the consequences of cross-national differences in various forms of capital.Practical implications– Successful implementation of strategic change requires leaders who are able to effectively communicate and motivate employees. The study highlights what factors makes some leaders more cooperative and, hence, potentially more successful in supervising corporate change than others.Social implications– For sustainable growth, countries need leaders who are willing and able to collaborate not only with other international leaders but also within their public administration. This paper offers explanations why some political leaders more than others are able to successfully collaborate with their political opponents.Originality/value– The added value of mainstream economics to understand key elements of international business is limited due to their stringent behavioural assumptions. The research is original in that it shows that individuals make decisions not like rational machines but like real human beings.