bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Implications of Disrupted Circadian Rhythms and the Potential for Daylight as Therapy
Authors: Brainard Jason , Gobel Merit , Scott Benjamin , Koeppen Michael , Eckle Tobias 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This paper reviews the molecular basis of circadian rhythms and the pathophysiologic consequences of alterations in these rhythms, and explores the concept of daylight as therapy to restore disrupted circadian rhythms and improve clinical outcomes.
High‐Oleic Ready‐to‐Use Therapeutic Food Maintains Docosahexaenoic Acid Status in Severe Malnutrition
Authors: Hsieh Ji‐Cheng , Liu Lei , Zeilani Mamane , Ickes Scott , Trehan Indi , Maleta Ken , Craig Christina , Thakwalakwa Chrissie , Singh Lauren , Brenna J. Thomas , Manary Mark J. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:Ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) is the preferred treatment for uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition. It contains large amounts of linoleic acid and little α‐linolenic acid, which may reduce the availability of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to the recovering child. A novel high‐oleic RUTF (HO‐RUTF) was developed with less linoleic acid to determine its effect on DHA and EPA status.Methods:We conducted a prospective, randomized, double‐blind clinical effectiveness trial treating rural Malawian children with severe acute malnutrition. Children were treated with either HO‐RUTF or standard RUTF. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid status was measured on enrollment and after 4 weeks and compared between the 2 intervention groups.Results:Among the 141 children enrolled, 48 of 71 receiving HO‐RUTF and 50 of 70 receiving RUTF recovered. Plasma phospholipid samples were analyzed from 43 children consuming HO‐RUTF and 35 children consuming RUTF. The change in DHA content during the first 4 weeks was +4% and −25% in the HO‐RUTF and RUTF groups, respectively (P = 0.04). For EPA, the change in content was 63% and −24% in the HO‐RUTF and RUTF groups, respectively (P < 0.001). For arachidonic acid, the change in content was −3% and 13% in the HO‐RUTF and RUTF groups, respectively (P < 0.009).Conclusions:The changes in DHA and EPA seen in the children treated with HO‐RUTF warrant further investigation because they suggest that HO‐RUTF support improved polyunsaturated fatty acid status, necessary for neural development and recovery.
Direct Detection of Transcription Factors in Cotyledons during Seedling Development Using Sensitive Silicon-Substrate Photonic Crystal Protein Arrays
Authors: Jones Sarah I. , Tan Yafang , Shamimuzzaman Md , George Sherine , Cunningham Brian T. , Vodkin Lila 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTranscription factors control important gene networks, altering the expression of a wide variety of genes, including those of agronomic importance, despite often being expressed at low levels. Detecting transcription factor proteins is difficult, because current high-throughput methods may not be sensitive enough. One-dimensional, silicon-substrate photonic crystal (PC) arrays provide an alternative substrate for printing multiplexed protein microarrays that have greater sensitivity through an increased signal-to-noise ratio of the fluorescent signal compared with performing the same assay upon a traditional aminosilanized glass surface. As a model system to test proof of concept of the silicon-substrate PC arrays to directly detect rare proteins in crude plant extracts, we selected representatives of four different transcription factor families (zinc finger GATA, basic helix-loop-helix, BTF3/NAC [for basic transcription factor of the NAC family], and YABBY) that have increasing transcript levels during the stages of seedling cotyledon development. Antibodies to synthetic peptides representing the transcription factors were printed on both glass slides and silicon-substrate PC slides along with antibodies to abundant cotyledon proteins, seed lectin, and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor. The silicon-substrate PC arrays proved more sensitive than those performed on glass slides, detecting rare proteins that were below background on the glass slides. The zinc finger transcription factor was detected on the PC arrays in crude extracts of all stages of the seedling cotyledons, whereas YABBY seemed to be at the lower limit of their sensitivity. Interestingly, the basic helix-loop-helix and NAC proteins showed developmental profiles consistent with their transcript patterns, indicating proof of concept for detecting these low-abundance proteins in crude extracts.
Publishing success of marketing academics: antecedents and outcomes
Authors: Richard James , Plimmer Geoff , Fam Kim-Shyan , Campbell Charles 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between positive incentives (perceived organisational support) and negative incentives (publish or perish), on both academic publication productivity and marketing academics’ quality of life. While publish-or-perish pressure is a common technique to improve academics’ performance, its punishment orientation may be poorly suited to the uncertain, creative work that research entails and be harmful to academics’ life satisfaction and other well-being variables. In particular, it may interfere with family commitments, and harm the careers of academic women. While perceived organisational support may be effective in encouraging research outputs and be positive for well-being, it may be insufficient as a motivator in the increasingly competitive and pressured world of academia. These issues are important for individual academics, for schools wishing to attract good staff, and the wider marketing discipline wanting to ensure high productivity and quality of life amongst its members.Design/methodology/approach– A conceptual model was developed and empirically tested using self-report survey data from 1,005 academics across five continents. AMOS structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data.Findings– The findings indicate that the most important determinants of publishing success and improved well-being of academics is organisational support rather than a “publish-or-perish” culture.Research limitations/implications– The use of a self-report survey may have an impact (and potential bias) on the perceived importance and career effect of a “publish-or-perish” culture. However, current levels of the publish-or-perish culture appear to have become harmful, even for top academic publishers. Additional longitudinal data collection is proposed.Practical implications– The challenge to develop tertiary systems that support and facilitate world-leading research environments may reside more in organisational support, both perceived and real, rather than a continuation (or adoption) of a publish-or-perish environment. There are personal costs, in the form of health concerns and work–family conflict, associated with academic success, more so for women than men.Originality/value– This study is the first to empirically demonstrate the influence and importance of “publish-or-perish” and“perceived organisational support” management approaches on marketing academic publishing performance and academic well-being.
Names versus faces: examining spokesperson-based congruency effects in advertising
Authors: Ilicic Jasmina , Baxter Stacey M , Kulczynski Alicia 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to compare the influence of spokesperson appearance (visual congruence) and the sounds contained in a spokesperson’s name (verbal congruence) on consumer perceptions of spokesperson–product fit.

Design/methodology/approach
– Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 ensured that verbal congruence impacted perceptions of spokesperson–product fit. Experiment 2 compared the effect of verbal congruence versus traditional match-up (visual congruence) on perceptions of spokesperson–product fit. The mediating role of spokesperson–product fit on attitude towards the advertisement and the moderating role of need for cognition (NFC) was also tested.

Findings
– Findings indicate that verbal congruence influences consumer perceptions of fit, regardless of visual congruence. Perceptions of spokesperson–product fit also act as mediators between visual and verbal congruence and attitude towards the advertisement. However, verbal congruence did not influence consumer perceptions of spokesperson–product fit when the NFC was low.

Research limitations/implications
– This research has implications for advertisers and brand managers considering the creation of a name for a non-celebrity spokesperson or the development of a brand/spokes-character. However, this research is limited, as it examines only male names.

Originality/value
– This research shows that perceptions of spokesperson and product fit are not only influenced by spokesperson appearance (visual congruence) but also by spokesperson name (verbal congruence). This research also identifies limitations of the applicability of phonetic symbolism theory by identifying a condition under which phonetic symbolism (verbal congruence) exerts no effects on perceptions of spokesperson–product fit.
Guidance on applying the viable system model
Authors: Hildbrand Sandra , Bodhanya Shamim 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– Although many cases where viable system model (VSM) was successfully applied exist, hardly any literature advises the novice VSM user regarding the accomplishment of a VSM diagnosis. The purpose of this paper is to show practitioners and researchers how to conduct a VSM diagnosis. The paper further seeks to encourage others to apply VSM and to share their experience with using VSM.Design/methodology/approach– The paper provides detailed guidelines on how to conduct a VSM diagnosis in conjunction with qualitative research methods. It outlines the data collection, analysis and presentation of results.Findings– VSM is an outstanding diagnostic tool. Qualitative research methods provide access to the essential information for the VSM diagnosis and should be used in iteration with VSM. They can enhance the VSM diagnosis by focusing on the soft aspects in the investigated system. The VSM language needs to be adapted to the specific context in which VSM is used and VSM can be applied in a participatory manner. Further research needs to explore possibilities to strengthen the handling of detected shortcomings that were revealed during the VSM diagnosis.Research limitations/implications– This paper is based on one experience with the VSM application and other VSM users might provide different insights.Originality/value– There is little practical advice in existing literature regarding the accomplishment of a VSM diagnosis. This paper addresses that gap. In addition, VSM has not been applied to a sugarcane production and supply system before.
An innovative approach to measuring technology spillovers in service-dominant logic
Authors: Hsieh Yen-Hao , Yuan Soe-Tsyr 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a service-dominant (S-D) logic-based input-output analysis approach to systematically measure the effects of technology spillover in the service sector.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study uses a case to demonstrate the feasibility and contributions of the S-D logic-based input-output analysis approach.

Findings
– This study adopted the idea of customer involvement to formulate the S-D logic-based input-output analysis approach. Service providers can apply this systematical approach to find potential opportunities to spread information technology and co-create values with customers.

Originality/value
– The S-D logic-based input-output analysis approach has elasticity to dynamically employ different perspectives to evaluate the effects of technology spillovers in order for integrity and precision. The proposed approach is to delineate the possible target values that related to specific services based on the notions of operant resources and customer involvement in a selected service sector. Service providers within the service sector have to offer innovative service activities and manage existing services for customers to participate in.
Why systems must explore the unknown to survive in VUCA environments
Authors: Bartscht Jan 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explain why systems must make a habit of exploring the unknown and identify the complex and chaotic dynamics that drive modern volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) situations.

Design/methodology/approach
– Eight faculty staff from the “Thunderbird School of Global Management” were interviewed around the subject of “what does it take to be a successful 21st Century leader?” in spring 2012. These interviews were then analysed using Ricoeur’s Hermeneutic methodology which resulted in three behaviours being identified. Then, according to Ricoeur’s methodology, deep interpretation of the results took place to understand these research results through the lens of complexity science.

Findings
– Systems must make a habit of actively exploring the unknown to discover the patterns that cause complex chaos. This enables them to improve their capacity to generate useful situational understanding in VUCA environments and better position themselves in the fitness landscape. Finally, the idea of “epistemic stance” is introduced as an important way of managing identity and improving innovation.

Research limitations/implications
– The implication is that modern systems, e.g. leaders and organisations, must make a habit of exploring the unknown to find and understand the dynamics that drive the complex world if they are to build effective situational understanding of VUCA environments.

Practical implications
– If systems wish to innovate, they must ensure they have the appropriate epistemic stance in place so that they can change their identity to allow innovation to transform the identity.

Originality/value
– Whilst the behaviour of exploration is already known, this research focuses that behaviour on specifically identifying the patterns that cause complex chaos. Further, the epistemic stance is introduced which plays an important role in regulating how open a system is to changing its identity and therefore adapting and innovating.
Serum levels of anti‐Fcγ receptor IIB/C antibodies are increased in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Kadono Takafumi , Tomita Manabu , Tamaki Zenshiro , Sato Shinichi , Asano Yoshihide 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disorder that results in fibrosis of the skin and multiple internal organs. Although the precise mechanism is unknown, it appears to result from the overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins and aberrant immune activations. Receptors for the Fc region of immunoglobulin (Ig)G (FcγR) are members of the Ig superfamily that modulate both activation and inhibition of immune responses. FcγRIIB is the sole inhibitory member, which has an intrinsic cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibitory motif. The present study was undertaken to investigate the circulating concentrations of anti‐FcγRIIB/C antibodies (Ab) in patients with SSc. Serum levels of anti‐FcγRIIB/C Ab were significantly increased in patients with SSc compared to those in controls and in patients with localized scleroderma. Serum levels of anti‐FcγRIIB/C Ab in patients with limited cutaneous SSc were similar to those in patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc. Among SSc patients, serum levels of anti‐FcγRIIB/C Ab were increased in those with nail‐fold bleeding and decreased in those with diffuse pigmentation and calcinosis. These findings support the notion that increased serum anti‐FcγRIIB/C Ab levels are involved in aberrant immune responses in SSc.
An ecosystem services perspective on brush management: research priorities for competing land‐use objectives
Authors: Archer Steven R. , Predick Katharine I. 
Published: January 2015

Summary

The vegetation of semi‐arid and arid landscapes is often comprised of mixtures of herbaceous and woody vegetation. Since the early 1900s, shifts from herbaceous to woody plant dominance, termed woody plant encroachment and widely regarded as a state change, have occurred world‐wide. This shift presents challenges to the conservation of grassland and savanna ecosystems and to animal production in commercial ranching systems and pastoral societies.

Dryland management focused on cattle and sheep grazing has historically attempted to reduce the abundance of encroaching woody vegetation (hereafter, ‘brush management’) with the intent of reversing declines in forage production, stream flow or groundwater recharge. Here, we assess the known and potential consequences of brush management actions, both positive and negative, on a broader suite of ecosystem services, the scientific challenges to quantifying these services and the trade‐offs among them.

Our synthesis suggests that despite considerable investments accompanying the application of brush management practices, the recovery of key ecosystem services may be short‐lived or absent. However, in the absence of such interventions, those and other ecosystem services may be compromised, and the persistence of grassland and savanna ecosystem types and their endemic plants and animals threatened.

Addressing the challenges posed by woody plant encroachment will require integrated management systems using diverse theoretical principles to design the type, timing and spatial arrangement of initial management actions and follow‐up treatments. These management activities will need to balance cultural traditions and preferences, socio‐economic constraints and potentially competing land‐use objectives.

Synthesis. Our ability to predict ecosystem responses to management aimed at recovering ecosystem services where grasslands and savannas have been invaded by native or exotic woody plants is limited for many attributes (e.g. primary production, land surface–atmosphere interactions, biodiversity conservation) and inconsistent for others (e.g. forage production, herbaceous diversity, water quality/quantity, soil erosion, carbon sequestration). The ecological community is challenged with generating robust information about the response of ecosystem services and their interactions if we are to position land managers and policymakers to make objective, science‐based decisions regarding the many trade‐offs and competing objectives for the conservation and dynamic management of grasslands and savannas.
Grass–woodland transitions: determinants and consequences for ecosystem functioning and provisioning of services
Authors: Sala Osvaldo E. , Maestre Fernando T. 
Published: January 2015

Summary

A large fraction of grasslands world‐wide is undergoing a rapid shift from herbaceous to woody‐plant dominance, while in other parts of the world, the opposite transition from woodland to grassland is the dominant phenomenon. These shifts have received increasing attention in the ecological literature during the last two decades due to their global extent and their impacts on ecosystem functioning.

This Special Feature includes a series of contributions on key topics within the study of grass–woodland transitions, including three articles addressing the drivers of these vegetation shifts and another three evaluating their ecological consequences. These articles, which include reviews, modelling and empirical studies, highlight the multiplicity of approaches and spatial scales being currently used when studying grass–woodland transitions.

The first articles focus on the role of fire in driving the dynamics of mesic grasslands in the USA, on the effects of climate change on the transition zones between treeless vegetation, savanna and forest in tropical and subtropical Americas and on the role of the internal structure of vegetation as a determinant of grassland–woodland transitions. The articles devoted to exploring the consequences include a modelling study on the ecohydrological consequences of shrub removal in western North America and an empirical study aiming at understanding how abiotic and biotic attributes influence above‐ground net productivity across Patagonian grasslands and shrublands, as well as a review of the consequences of brush management on the provision of ecosystem services.

Synthesis. Identifying the best actions to avoid or take advantage of grass–woodland transitions requires a mechanistic understanding of both the drivers of these shifts and their ecological consequences. The collection of reviews, empirical and modelling studies included in this Special Feature contributes to forecasting how ongoing global change will affect grass–woodland transitions and their consequences for the provisioning of ecosystem services from drylands, which account for a large fraction of Earth's surface.
Unanimity and exposure in the EU Council of Ministers – or how the Dutch won and lost the ICTY debate
Authors: Smeets Sandrino 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHow are unanimity negotiations commonly settled in the EU Council of Ministers? Important contributions have been made to our understanding of the ‘consensual’ decision‐making dynamics in the Council, but most studies focus on explaining the sheer absence of votes in legislative decision making under the qualified majority rule. This study seeks to explain how vetoes are averted, or curtailed, in unanimity decision making. These unanimity negotiations are explained as attempts to induce or prevent high‐level exposure. The degree of exposure in turn depends on the degree of lower level contestation. A process tracing analysis of one prolonged debate is performed from the perspective of one Member State – the Netherlands – which played a very prominent obstructing role. By analysing when, why and where (at what level) the Dutch won or lost, one can come closer to understanding the dynamic interplay between the different Council levels.
Audit on surgical patients' understanding of their informed consent
Authors: Wong John , Chan Danny Tat‐Ming , Tam Yuk‐Him , Ng Simon Siu‐Man , Ip Philip Ching‐Tak , Leung Wing‐Wah , Lai Paul Bo‐San 
Published: January 2015

AimThe aim of the present study was to assess patients' understanding of their informed consent to surgery preoperatively. Appropriate completeness of essential items in the written consent form was also verified.Patients and MethodsAn audit was conducted from March to May 2013 at a university teaching hospital. All participants were adult surgical patients. Operations were confined to major category on elective basis performed under general anaesthesia. The first part of the audit consisted of a structured questionnaire with five questions concerning their understanding and perception of the surgery. In the second part of the audit, the completeness of all fundamental items entered into the standardized written consent form was verified.ResultsA total of 100 surgical patients were studied, with a median age of 61 years (range: 22–89). A total of 99 per cent of participants could state the correct name and site of the procedure, and 92 per cent could state the mode of anaesthesia. Only 39 per cent of patients received an information leaflet regarding the operation, of which 80 per cent claimed this could enhance their understanding of the procedure. Only 70 per cent of them could recall the potential surgical risks. Most essential items were completed in the consent forms. Witnesses were involved only in 24 per cent of cases. Illegible surgeons' handwriting was observed in 6 per cent of consent documents.ConclusionsMost patients could understand the nature and site of the operation they were going to receive. The provision of relevant information to our patients preoperatively was insufficient. Patients had limited recall of the potential surgical risks. There is room for improvement in the present informed consent process.