bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Numerical Analyses with a Static Load Test of a Continuous Flight Auger Pile
Authors: Hoľko Michal , Stacho Jakub 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The article deals with numerical analyses of a Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) pile. The analyses include a comparison of calculated and measured load-settlement curves as well as a comparison of the load distribution over a pile's length. The numerical analyses were executed using two types of software, i.e., Ansys and Plaxis, which are based on FEM calculations. Both types of software are different from each other in the way they create numerical models, model the interface between the pile and soil, and use constitutive material models. The analyses have been prepared in the form of a parametric study, where the method of modelling the interface and the material models of the soil are compared and analysed.
Our analyses show that both types of software permit the modelling of pile foundations. The Plaxis software uses advanced material models as well as the modelling of the impact of groundwater or overconsolidation. The load-settlement curve calculated using Plaxis is equal to the results of a static load test with a more than 95 % degree of accuracy. In comparison, the load-settlement curve calculated using Ansys allows for the obtaining of only an approximate estimate, but the software allows for the common modelling of large structure systems together with a foundation system.
Behaviour of Load-Bearing Components of a Cushioned Composite Piled Raft Foundation Under Axial Loading
Authors: Sharma V. J. , Vasanvala S. A. , Solanki C. H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In the last decade piled raft foundations have been widely used around the world as intermediate foundation systems between piles and rafts to control the settlement of foundations. However, when those piles are structurally connected to rafts, relatively high axial stresses develop in relatively small numbers of piles, which are often designed to fully mobilize their geotechnical capacities. To avoid a concentration of stress at the head of piles in a traditional piled raft foundation, the raft is disconnected from the piles, and a cushion is introduced between them. Also, to tackle an unfavourable soil profile for a piled raft foundation, the conventional piled raft has been modified into a cushioned composite piled raft foundation, where piles of different materials are used. In the current study the behavior of cushioned foundation components, which transfer the load from the structure to the subsoil, are analyzed in detail, i.e., the thickness of the raft, the length of a long pile and the modulus of a flexible pile.
Engineering Properties of Bentonite Stabilized with Lime and Phosphogypsum
Authors: Kumar Sujeet , Dutta Rakesh Kumar , Mohanty Bijayananda 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Engineering properties such as compaction, unconfined compressive strength, consistency limits, percentage swell, free swell index, the California bearing ratio and the consolidation of bentonite stabilized with lime and phosphogypsum are presented in this paper. The content of the lime and phosphogypsum varied from 0 to 10 %. The results reveal that the dry unit weight and optimum moisture content of bentonite + 8 % lime increased with the addition of 8 % phosphogypsum. The percentage of swell increased and the free swell index decreased with the addition of 8 % phosphogypsum to the bentonite + 8 % lime mix. The unconfined compressive strength of the bentonite + 8 % lime increased with the addition of 8 % phosphogypsum as well as an increase in the curing period up to 14 days. The liquid limit and plastic limit of the bentonite + 8 % lime increased, whereas the plasticity index remained constant with the addition of 8 % phosphogypsum. The California bearing ratio, modulus of subgrade reaction, and secant modulus increased for the bentonite stabilized with lime and phosphogypsum. The coefficient of the consolidation of the bentonite increased with the addition of 8 % lime and no change with the addition of 8 % phosphogypsum.
Differences between Offer and Demand on the ICT specialist’s Czech Labor Market
Authors: Doucek Petr , Nedomova Lea , Maryska Milos 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGlobal changes in the information society are placing ever greater emphasis on professionals in all areas of human activity and in the area of ICT (Information and Communications Technology) especially. This article provides methodology how to measure knowledge level requirements on ICT specialists in business, ICT and non ICT skills in graduates of tertiary education level. It shows also an example of data collecting in academic sphere and among business unites. Practical experiences from the five years research are presented at the end of in this contribution. These results are successfully applied for human resource management and innovation management in competences of ICT professionals in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Czech Republic.
Study of Psychological factors Affected to intention of student to Entrepreneurship (Case study Agriculture and Natural Resources Students Campus at Razi University in Kermanshah Province)
Authors: Afsharzadeh N. , Papzan A. H. , Rostami F. , Piralidehi F. Ghorbani , Pirmoradi A. 
Published: February 2015

The main purpose of this research was to examine the influence of psychological characteristics on entrepreneurial intention of agriculture and natural resources students at Razi University in Kermanshah Province. A total of students (N= 258), with and without entrepreneurial education were selected on the basis of simple random sampling (n= 146). The main research tool was a questionnaire. 32 items of psychological characteristics in the form of a questionnaire was developed by the researchers to gather the required data. Factor analysis technique was used to analysis the data. Factor analysis showed that six psychological factors affected on entrepreneurial intention of agriculture and natural resources students including; need to progress, self-efficacy, internal control, risk taking, creativity and the need for the independence. Researchers encouraged educators to promote and develop these psychological characteristics affected on entrepreneurial intention through creating entrepreneurial context such as by supervising agricultural experience programmers, experiential learning and participatory teaching. Furthermore, it was pointed out that entrepreneurial intention could be improved by self directed learning.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i1.11920 International Journal of Life Sciences Vol.9(1) 2015 12-16
Comparison of the chemical components of essential oil extracted by MAHD and SPME methods from two species of Salvia from Iran
Authors: Rastakhiz N. , Azar P. Aberoomand , Tehrani M. Saber , Moradalizadeh M. , Larijani K. 
Published: February 2015

Salvia macrosiphon Boiss. and Salvia rhytidea Benth. species of the genus Salvia which are belong to the Lamiaceae family. At the Present report deals with the analysis comparison of the essential oils from aerial parts of S. macrosiphon and S. rhytidea growing wild in Iran obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) , microware assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) and solid phase micro extraction (SPME) procedures and the collected essential oils was investigated by GC and GC-MS. The major compounds of essential oil of S. macrosiphon extracted by hydrodistillation were: Linalool(12.6%),Caryophyllene oxide(11.9%) , Octane(8.5%) and β-Eudesmol(7.1%). Also the main compounds of essential oil from S. macrosiphon extracted by microwave assisted hydrodistillation were: Caryophyllene oxide(21.8%) ,Linalool(18.8%) and β-Eudesmol (6.1%). In this study,the gas chromatogram was obtained of injection the essential oil from aerial parts of S.macrosiphon extracted by solid phase micro extraction ,was not helpful. Chemical composition of volatile compounds from dried aerial parts of Salvia rhytidea Benth. was extracted, by hydrodistillation and solid phase micro extraction methods but microwave assisted hydrodistillation method was not helpful . The major compounds of essential oil of S.rhytidea extracted by hydrodistillation were:Sabinene(12.8%),Spathulenol(12.4%),Germacren-D (6.7%) , β-Eudesmol (6.3%) and α - Cubebene(5.4%). Also the main compounds of essential oil from S. rhytidea extracted by solid phase micro extraction were: Sabinene (38.5%), Limonene(11.6%) , Myrcene (7.2%) and β-Pinene(5.5%).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12051 International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (2) : 2015; 61-64
Silver nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon as a novels adsorbent for the competitive removal of Malachite green and Methylene blue
Authors: Tavakol Maryam , Azar Parviz Aberoomand , Tehrani Mohammad Saber , Ghaedi Mehrorang 
Published: February 2015

In this study silver nanoparticles by hydroxyl group (AgOH-NP) were synthesized and loaded on activated carbon prepared from Rosa canina tree (AgOH-NP-AC-RC). This new adsorbent was used for the removal of Malachite green and Methylene blue from aqueous medium.The morphological properties of the novel adsorbent were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FT-IR analysis. The removal both dyes in batch mode was investigated at various operating parameters like; contact time, initial pH, initial dye concentration and amount of adsorbents. The experimental equilibrium data were analyzed by using various models and it was seen that Freundlich isotherm model fitted well with adsorbtion capacity of 105 mg.g-1for Malachite green and 81.43 mg.g-1 for Methylene blue. The adsorption kinetic data followed pseudo second-order kinetics for removal both dyes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12053 International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (2) : 2015; 75-92
Experimental phase diagram of the V–Si–Ho ternary system
Authors: Luo Hao , Tang Chenghuang , Zhang Bo , Yang Wenchao , Tang Hongqun , Zhan Yongzhong 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The phase equilibria of the V–Si–Ho ternary system at 973 K were experimentally investigated by using X-ray powder diffraction and backscattered electron imaging with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The existence of nine binary compounds, namely, V5Si3, V6Si5, VSi2, V3Si, HoSi2−b
, HoSi2−a
, HoSi, Ho5Si3 and Ho5Si4 was confirmed. The phases of HoSi (FeB) and Ho4Si5 were not found at 973 K. No binary compound was found in the V–Ho binary system. No ternary compound was found at 973 K in this system. The homogeneity range of V3Si was determined to be from 22 at.% to 25 at.% Si. The maximum solid solubility of Si in V is about 4 at.%.
Microstructural changes in Cu-5.8 at.% In alloy caused by high pressure torsion
Authors: Korneva Anna 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Cu-5.8 at.% In alloy annealed at 380 °C for 400 h was subjected to high pressure torsion deformation at room temperature. Detailed microstructural studies were performed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as X-ray diffraction. High pressure torsion resulted in strong grain refinement of the Cu matrix (to the nm range), while there was no refinement or dissolution of δ-phase (Cu7In3). The volume fraction of δ-phase after straining remained almost unchanged, thus indicating its strong stability under high pressure torsion.
Rapid synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and Ag@SiO2 core–shells
Authors: Karimipour Masoud , Shabani Elahe , Molaei Mehdi 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Ag nanoparticles were synthesized using microwave irradiation. Oleylamine was used as a stabilizer and capping agent, dimethylformamide as a reducing agent, and deionized water as a solvent. The subsequent use of functionalized Ag nanoparticles for microwave irradiation obtained Ag@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles. UV–Vis spectroscopy shows a characteristic plasmon peak at 407 nm and 430 nm for Ag nanoparticles and Ag@SiO2 core–shells. Transmission electron microscope images show that Ag nanoparticles have an average size of 15 nm. It is also shown that the core–shell structure was formed with an average size of 100 nm for Ag core and 25 nm SiO2 shell thickness.
MatrixConverter: Facilitating construction of phenomic character matrices
Authors: Liu Jing , Endara Lorena , Burleigh J. Gordon 
Published: February 2015

• Premise of the study: While numerous software packages enable scientists to evaluate molecular data and transform them for phylogenetic analyses, few such tools exist for phenomic data. We introduce MatrixConverter, a program that helps expedite and facilitate the transformation of raw phenomic character data into discrete character matrices that can be used in most evolutionary inference programs.• Methods and Results: MatrixConverter is an open source program written in Java; a platform‐independent binary executable, as well as sample data sets and a user's manual, are available at https://github.com/gburleigh/MatrixConverter/tree/master/distribution. MatrixConverter has a simple, intuitive user interface that enables the user to immediately begin scoring phenomic characters. We demonstrate the performance of MatrixConverter on a phenomic data set from cycads.• Conclusions: New technologies and software make it possible to obtain phenomic data from species across the tree of life, and MatrixConverter helps to transform these new data for evolutionary or ecological inference.
Anaemia is Associated with Monocyte Activation in HIV-Infected Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Lipshultz Hannah M , Hileman Corrilynn O , Ahuja Sanjay , Funderburg Nicholas T , McComsey Grace A 
Published: February 2015

Background Anaemia has been linked with mortality in HIV infection. The mechanism of anaemia in the era of contemporary antiretroviral therapy is not understood. The aim of this study was to describe the association between anaemia and markers of immune activation and inflammation in a cohort of HIV-infected adults on stable antiretroviral therapy. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy with HIV-1 RNA<1,000 copies/ml. Soluble and cellular markers of inflammation and immune activation were measured. Relationships between haemoglobin levels, anaemia (haemoglobin <13 g/dl for men and <12 g/dl for women) and mild anaemia (haemoglobin <14 g/dl for men and <13 g/dl for women) and these markers were explored using multivariable linear regression. Results Among the 147 participants, median age was 46 years, 78% were men, 68% were African American and 29% were Caucasian. Median body mass index (BMI) was 26.7 kg/m2, nadir and current CD4+ T-cell counts were 179 and 613 cells/mm3, respectively, and 78% had HIV-1 RNA<50 copies/ml (range 20–600 copies/ml). Median (IQR) haemoglobin was 14.3 (13.1– 15.1) g/dl; 14% were anaemic and 33% had at least mild anaemia. In multivariable analyses, mild anaemia was independently associated with female sex, older age, shorter duration of antiretroviral therapy, lower white blood cell count, higher platelet count, higher sCD14 and a greater number of CD14dimCD16+ cells or ‘patrolling’ monocytes, which remained significant after further adjusting for race and BMI. Conclusions Having haemoglobin <14 g/dl for men and <13 g/dl for women was independently associated with monocyte activation (sCD14 and CD14dimCD16+ cells) in HIV-infected adults on stable antiretroviral therapy.
Interferon Lambda-3 Polymorphism and Response to Pegylated Interferon in Patients with Hepatitis D
Authors: Abbas Zaigham , Yakoob Javed , Umer Muhammad A , Abbas Minaam , Hamid Saeed 
Published: February 2015

Background Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the interferon lambda-3 (IFNλ3) gene (formerly interleukin 28B) influence the response to treatment with interferon in hepatitis C patients. We aimed to investigate such an influence in hepatitis D patients. Methods The study population consisted of hepatitis D patients who were previously treated with pegylated interferon for one year and who were spontaneous clearers of the virus post recent superinfection. The SNP of IFNλ3, rs12979860, was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism protocol. Results The total number of patients was 64; median age was 30.5 years and 53 were male. The number of patients with sustained virological response 1 year post-treatment was 17, non-responders 29, relapsers 11 and spontaneous clearers post superinfection 7. Cirrhosis was present in 28 (44%). IFNλ3, rs12979860 genotype CC, was present in 41 (64.1%), CT in 21 (32.8%) and TT in 2 (3.1%). There was no difference in the body mass index, baseline alanine aminotransferase, hepatitis B e antigen and HBV DNA status among patients with sustained response and response failure (no response or relapse). The median age of response failures was 33.5 years compared to 26 in responders ( P=0.024). They had higher gamma glutamyl transferase levels ( P=0.030) and cirrhosis ( P=0.003). Genotype CC was present in 29/40 of response failures compared to 9/17 of the responders ( P=0.152). Logistic regression analysis showed that cirrhosis was the independent risk factor for failure to have a response ( P=0.001). 4/7 patients with spontaneous clearance had genotype CC. Conclusions IFNλ3 rs12979860 SNP does not have any significant influence on long-term hepatitis D clearance. Presence of cirrhosis may influence the response.
Perspectives communicationnelles sur les rites comme vecteurs de transmission en institutions militaires et pédagogiques
Authors: Lardellier Pascal , Delaye Richard 
Published: February 2015

Les rites sont très souvent décriés et critiqués, car étant garants et symboles d’une tradition « dépassée », d’un ordre établi coercitif. Cependant, ils jouent un rôle central dans les institutions (entre autres d’enseignement) et constituent des éléments précieux s’ils sont utilisés avec tact. Ils facilitent les changements d’états et favorisent les passages, tout en oeuvrant à transmettre des corpus de savoirs et de valeurs inhérents aux institutions. Ces rites, dialectisant les « mythes fondateurs » des communautés humaines, peuvent par conséquent être générateurs d’une véritable valeur ajoutée pour les entreprises.
La foi et la mort, petite esquisse historique
Authors: Biotti-Mache Françoise 
Published: February 2015

La foi, tout le monde en parle, mais combien parmi nous seraient seulement capables d’en donner une définition. La foi est depuis toujours source d’élévation spirituelle, de dépassement de l’être humain, et source de conflits quand elle devrait être, pour toute l’humanité, ferment de paix. Notre époque si civilisée semble encore moins sage que les périodes antérieures et le spectre des guerres de religion s’étend partout sur terre, particulièrement là où sévit l’Islam radical. Mais cette radicalisation n’est pas une nouveauté religieuse. Elle nous dérange parce que nous la vivons et qu’ainsi, nous nous trouvons confrontés à la peur du terrorisme. Mais eussions-nous vécu au XVI e siècle, nous nous serions trouvés confrontés aux radicalismes catholique et protestant, et nous eussions pu mourir à tout moment d’une rixe entre protagonistes. A travers quelques exemples historiques, nous allons essayer d’esquisser comment, depuis les origines, la foi s’est développée, en amenant progressivement à des violences religieuses qui ont sévi, à de trop rares exceptions près, de tous temps et partout dans le monde. En un mot, comment en arrive-t-on au fanatisme, au terrorisme, et finalement à la foi qui tue ?
Un paradoxe sociologique
Authors: Guetny Jean-Paul 
Published: February 2015

Une cérémonie religieuse est célébrée en France à l’occasion de sept décès sur dix. Ce chiffre élevé peut surprendre, vu l’état de sécularisation avancée du pays. Mais, s’ils alignent les indices du déclin du catholicisme, les sociologues constatent aussi la permanence d’un besoin spirituel (ou de sacré) chez de nombreuses personnes. Or l’étude comparée des religions fait apparaître un refus de la mort définitive dans quasiment toutes les cultures. Le fait d’espérer survivre malgré les apparences ne serait-il pas un élément clé du besoin spirituel ?
Le mort musulman dans un pays laïc
Authors: Koussay Saïd Ali 
Published: February 2015

Les déplacements des musulmans, d’une ville à une autre, d’un pays à un autre, sont autorisés par Dieu, selon le Coran v 56 à 59 s 29 : « Ô Mes serviteurs qui avaient cru ! Ma terre est bien vaste. Adorez-Moi donc ! Toute âme goûtera la mort. Ensuite, c’est vers Nous que vous serez ramenés ! » C’est là un ordre de Dieu pour les croyants. Il leur ordonne de quitter la ville ou le pays où ils ne peuvent pas accomplir leur religion et d’émigrer ou d’immigrer vers d’autres villes ou d’autres pays où ils peuvent accomplir leur reli-gion : la terre de Dieu est vaste. Ailleurs, ils peuvent L’adorer comme Il les ordonne. De toute façon, où que vous soyez, la mort vous atteindra tous et vous reviendrez à Dieu. Alors soyez des obéissants à Dieu en L’adorant comme Il vous l’ordonne. Et le Coran v 78 s 4 de préciser « Où que vous soyez, la mort vous atteindra, fussiez-vous dans des tours fortifiées . » Dieu, dans Sa sagesse, sait que tous les adeptes d’une nouvelle religion sont voués à la haine et à la persécution de leurs contemporains. C’est pourquoi, Il fait précéder l’appel à la foi en Dieu Unique et en Son adoration, par une allusion aux possibilités d’exil. Celui qui se révolte contre les fausses croyances et la corruption de la foi et des mœurs sont certes assaillies de toute part par ses concitoyens. Sa vie devient impossible parmi eux, à moins qu’il ne s’aligne sur leur conduite erronée. 1?) – « Les adeptes de la dernière religion du Livre révélé sont susceptibles d’être persécutés ». 2?) – Dieu dit : « Ma terre est bien vaste. Adorez-Moi (partout) » 3?) – « Les déplacements des musulmans, à travers le Monde, sont ordonnés par Dieu ». 4?) – « Toute âme goutera la mort. Et puis, vous serez ramenés vers Moi ». 5?) – « Où que vous soyez, la mort vous atteindra ».
La religion dans la gestion de la terreur
Authors: Trémolière Bastien 
Published: February 2015

En tant qu’êtres humains, nous avons tous reçu le cadeau empoisonné de savoir par avance que nous mourrons. Cette conscience de notre future mort est à même de déclencher une terreur existentielle tout au long de notre vie. Dès lors, nous luttons désespérément pour éloigner ce sinistre savoir. Cette lutte passe par la mise en place de mécanismes spécifiques ; la religion, notamment, s’inscrit intuitivement comme un tampon efficace. Il s’agit désormais de questionner l’apport réel de la religion dans cette lutte contre notre anxiété vis à vis de la mort, mais également de comprendre comment se situe la religion par rapport à la rationalité humaine, ou encore l’utilisation qu’en fait la société.
Un au-delà... déjà là ?
Authors: Pophillat Françoise 
Published: February 2015

Croire en « l’au-delà » est-ce bien raisonnable ? Une relecture de mon cheminement dans la foi en Jésus-Christ et mon expérience au sein d’une équipe d’accueil de familles en deuil, sont à la base de ces quelques éléments de réflexion sur ce sujet.
Peut-on parler d'« après-vie » chez les chrétiens ?
Authors: Humeau Jean-Marie 
Published: February 2015

Puisque la résurrection est au cœur de leur foi, les chrétiens, ils croient en une vie qui se transforme au passage de la mort et atteint son épanouissement total. Mais peut-on le décrire ? Cet article partira des premiers témoins de la résurrection, il cherchera dans les écrits bibliques quelques points de repère et terminera avec des références dogmatiques. Avec prudence, quelques affirmations seront posées sur ce qu’il est cohérent d’entrevoir sur l’au-delà.