bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Policy Guidance for Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing Services: Framework Development Study
Authors: Onstwedder Suzanne Maria , Jansen Marleen Elizabeth , Cornel Martina Cornelia , Rigter Tessel 
Published: July 2024

Background
The online offer of commercial genetic tests, also called direct-to-consumer genetic tests (DTC-GTs), enables citizens to gain insight into their health and disease risk based on their genetic profiles. DTC-GT offers often consist of a combination of services or aspects, including advertisements, information, DNA analysis, and medical or lifestyle advice. The risks and benefits of DTC-GT services have been debated and studied extensively, but instruments that assess DTC-GT services and aid policy are lacking. This leads to uncertainty among policy makers, law enforcers, and regulators on how to ensure and balance both public safety and autonomy and about the responsibilities these 3 parties have toward the public.

Objective
This study aimed to develop a framework that outlines aspects of DTC-GTs that lead to policy issues and to help provide policy guidance regarding DTC-GT services.

Methods
We performed 3 steps: (1) an integrative literature review to identify risks and benefits of DTC-GT services for consumers and society in Embase and Medline (January 2014-June 2022), (2) structuring benefits and risks in different steps of the consumer journey, and (3) development of a checklist for policy guidance.

Results
Potential risks and benefits of DTC-GT services were mapped from 134 papers and structured into 6 phases. In summary, these phases were called the consumer journey: (1) exposure, (2) pretest information, (3) DNA analysis, (4) data management, (5) posttest information, and (6) individual and societal impact. The checklist for evaluation of DTC-GT services consisted of 8 themes, covering 38 items that may raise policy issues in DTC-GT services. The themes included the following aspects: general service content, validity and quality assurance, potential data and privacy risks, scientific evidence and robustness, and quality of the provided information.

Conclusions
Both the consumer journey and the checklist break the DTC-GT offer down into key aspects that may impact and compromise individual and public health, safety, and autonomy. This framework helps policy makers, regulators, and law enforcers develop methods to interpret, assess, and act in the DTC-GT service market.
The Role of the Giant Tortoises in the Ecosystem
Authors: Jinxiu Luo , Ruilu Yang 
Published: July 2024

The Great King's beetle is a kind of large beetle widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia. This paper aims to comprehensively analyze the multiple roles of the Great King's beetle in its natural ecosystem. Through literature review and field ecological observation, this study revealed the important functions of the King's flower tortoise in pollination, decomposition and food chain. The study showed that the King's flower tortoises have a positive impact on maintaining plant diversity by participating in the pollination process of plants. At the same time, their lifestyle in the larval stage promotes soil nutrient cycling and ecosystem health. In addition, the species' links in the food chain reveal its potential value in energy transfer and biological control. The results of the study are expected to provide a scientific basis for ecological conservation, biodiversity maintenance and natural ecosystem management.
Validez y confiabilidad de la versión breve del Inventario de Síntomas SA-45
Authors: Vizioli Nicolás Alejandro , Crespi Melina Claudia 
Published: July 2024

Dada la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales y los síntomas psicológicos elevados, ha habido un llamado a la acción para ampliar los servicios de salud. Para brindar una atención óptima, es fundamental la detección temprana de los síntomas y la evaluación del estado psicológico. Las medidas de autoinforme tienen una amplia utilidad para evaluar diagnósticos específicos y explorar síntomas psicológicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue aportar nuevas evidencias psicométricas de la versión argentina de la versión breve del Inventario de Síntomas Psicológicos. Mediante un muestreo no probabilístico e intencional, se seleccionaron 760 individuos de 18 a 63 años (M = 28.1; DE = 8.61). A través de análisis factoriales confirmatorios se halló que el modelo de nueve factores correlacionados mostró un mejor ajuste y se encontraron evidencias acerca de su invariancia escalar, métrica y configural según género y región. Los factores mostraron mayormente valores de confiabilidad adecuados, concordantes con investigaciones previas. Se proporcionaron puntajes normativos T. Los resultados mostraron que el instrumento es válido y confiable, y podría ser una herramienta valiosa en diversos contextos, particularmente en la atención primaria, donde la evaluación exige tiempos muy breves e información de utilidad.
FORMULATION AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF METOCLOPRAMIDE LOZENGES BY USING THE QUALITY BY DESIGN (QBD) APPROACH
Authors: Mustafa Muhammad Abid , Mahmood Aiman , Shahzad Seerat , Kanwal Nayyab , Rasheed Namra , Mahmood Mahgull , Amjad Umair , Saeed Muhammad Ahmed , Ahsan Muhammad Shahmir , Raza Shehzada Muhammad Afaq , Pervaiz Muhammad Haris , Hanif Raza , Ahmad Rania 
Published: July 2024

Objective: Conventional dosage forms may not be suitable for all patients, especially those facing difficulty with swallowing, which results in reduced adherence to medication, impacting treatment outcomes. This study aimed to formulate and characterize metoclopramide lozenges using the quality-by-design approach to provide a patient-friendly alternative.
Materials and Method: Formulations were optimized using response surface methodology and a Design Expert, focusing on Metoclopramide, Citric Acid, and Carboxymethyl Cellulose, with hardness and dissolution as primary response variables. The experimental design involved 20 runs, six replications of the central point, and a quadratic model for improved model fitting, with adjustments made through transformation and numerical hill-climbing algorithms.
Results and Discussion: Formulations of metoclopramide lozenges were obtained through a systematic quality-by-design approach. Using numerical optimization, the formulation with the highest desirability score of 1.00 was selected, yielding a hardness of 14.55 kg and a dissolution time of 1.25 minutes. The optimal coded values were 1.53223 grams for Metoclopramide (A), 4.84302 grams for Citric acid (B), and 18.5048 grams for Carboxymethyl cellulose (C). The optimized formulation was subjected to in vitro testing to validate its performance, yielding a hardness ranging from 13.98 to 15.00 kg/cm2 and a dissolution time ranging from 1.11 to 2.23 minutes. The effectiveness of the QbD approach was confirmed as outcomes closely aligned with the targeted responses.
Conclusions: The Quality by Design approach was found effective in optimizing the formulation of metoclopramide lozenges. Using the Design of Expert and Response Surface Methodology, an optimized formulation was obtained with the desired hardness and dissolution rate.

Peer Review History:
Received 26 April 2024; Revised 4 May 2024; Accepted 28 June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, toyinpharm@gmail.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, amaka_mgbahurike@yahoo.com
Dr. Hatem Sameir Abbas, Al-Azhar University, Egypt, hsam8406@yahoo.com
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERNS AMONG BACTERIAL PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES IN SANA'A HOSPITALS
Authors: Al-Tahish Ghamdan Ahmed Ali , Measar Mojahed Ali Hatem , Al-Safani Muaath Ahmed Hussein , Makeen Mortahda Ali Nasser , Al-Moyed Khaled Abdulkarim , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-Haddad Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

Background and objectives: Yemen is among the developing nations where antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is posing a danger to public health. AMR can lead to increased morbidity and mortality from treatment failures and a lack of effective therapies. Particularly in the research arena, there is a dearth of knowledge about the antimicrobial resistance patterns of frequently isolated, locally occurring diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the diseases' microbiological profiles and resistance trends in Sana'a, Yemen.
Methods: In Sana'a, Yemen, a retrospective study was carried out at various governmental and private hospitals between June and September of 2020. Information about antibiotic susceptibilities and cultures was taken from the microbiology department's 2019 files. The data analysis method employed was descriptive statistics.
Results: This study includes 4156 pathogen isolates, with 58.2% of the isolates being Gram negative. Of all the isolates, urine (26.1 %, n = 1086) and pus specimens (24.6 %, n = 1025) demonstrated the greatest detection rates. The most often isolated pathogens were S. aureus (35.6%, n=1479), E. coli (29.2%, n=1215), P. aeroginosa (14.1%, n=586), and Klebsiella species (10.7%, n=443). The highest rates of resistance were found for cephalosporins (cefixime 90%, cefadroxil 87.9%, cefepime 72%, and ceftriaxone 70%) and penicillins (carbincillin 87%, amoxacillin 80%, and amoxacillin/clavulanic acid 77%). Gram positive and Gram negative isolates showed minimal resistance to linezolid and vancomycin, with Enterococcus showing higher resistance. Colistin was most effective against Gram negative, while E. coli, Klebseilla, and Proteus showed high resistance.
Conclusions: The high rate of resistance discovered in the current study in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms is alarming and highlights the necessity of routinely determining the prevalence of resistance in a given area in order to guide empirical therapy and choose the most effective course of antibiotic treatment.

Peer Review History:
Received 27 March 2024; Revised 8 May 2024; Accepted 27 June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Prof. Dr. Gorkem Dulger, Duzce University, Turkey, gorkemdulger@yandex.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Heba M. Abd El-Azim, Damanhour University, Egypt, h_m_abdelazim@hotmail.com
Dr. Jennifer Audu-Peter, University of Jos, Nigeria, drambia44@gmail.com
ANTIBIOTICS CONSUMPTION AMONG HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS AT SANA’A CITY, YEMEN
Authors: Al-Tahish Ghamdan A. , Alyahawi Ali A. 
Published: July 2024

Background: Monitoring antibiotic consumption is crucial to addressing antimicrobial resistance. The aim of current study was to investigate the use and consumption of antibiotics in an intensive care unit in Sana'a, Yemen using DDD and DOT methods, and to our knowledge it is the first of its kind to study this topic.
Methods: A retrospective study on data from the ICU register. The study was carried out from September 2021 to February 2022 on hospitalized patients of five ICUs of main hospitals at 2020. Antimicrobial consumption data were mostly collected manually. Data were analyzed and presented as defined daily dose (DDD) and days of therapy (DOT) per 1000 patient-days.
Results: A total of 1970 patients were included in this study and the overall consumption of antibiotics in ICUs was as high as 18,017.91 DDD per 1000 patient-days and as high as 17448.73 DOT per 1000 patient-days. The study results found that ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and meropenem were most frequently consumed using DDD and DOT methods among ICU patients, with results by DDDs per 1000 patient-days being 2479.23, 2124.55, and 1830.54, respectively, and results by DOTs per 1,000 patient days being 2,112.69. 2055.33 and 1890.86. The highest amount of antibiotics consumption among WHO AWaRe classification was for "watch" group of 26267.4 and 14674.5 DDDs per 1000 patient per day.
Conclusions: A high consumption of antimicrobial agents such as ceftriaxone, vancomycin and meropenem was found in ICUs of five selected hospitals. There was a significant increasing in “Watch” group antibiotics use and about three-fourths of the prescribed antibiotics were from this group. The study results can be used as a basis before designing any intervention aimed at improving antibiotic use in hospital intensive care units.

Peer Review History:
Received 21 March 2024; Revised 4 May 2024; Accepted 26 June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Rola Jadallah, Arab American University, Palestine, rola@aauj.edu
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Mahmut Yıldıztekin, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Turkey, mahmutyildiztekin@mu.edu.tr
Dr. Masoumeh Divar, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, zhaledivar@gmail.com
COMPARATIVE ANTI-TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF SAMBUCUS NIGRA L. FLOWERS AND FRUITS EXTRACTS
Authors: Erdemir Ecem , KAYALAR Husniye , Çavuş İbrahim , Özbilgin Ahmet 
Published: July 2024

Background: Sambucus nigra or also known as Black elderberry or European elderberry is been used for the teatment and prevention of various diseases. The plant posseses health beneficial effects such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiulcerogenic, antidepressant, antidiabetic, antiviral and antiinflammatory. However, there is limited report on the antitrichomoniasis activity of S. nigra.
Objectives: The study aimed to comparatively analyze the in vitro trichomonicidal effects of various extracts prepared from both fruits and flowers of S. nigra. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and minimum parasiticide (MPC) values of the extracts against metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis 50143 strain were determined by the liquid microdilution method using 96-well microplates.
Results: After 48 hrs incubation with parasites, the highest activities were observed for 70% hydroethanolic extract, chloroform extract and methanol extract of fruits with IC50 values of 513, 531 and 566 µg/ml, respectively. Fruit extracts exhibited higher activity than flower extracts, and no activity was observed in methanol extract of flowers.
Conclusion: This study is the first comparative analysis of the anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activity of elderberry extracts. This study will serve as a reference source in isolating the components of elderberry fruits with antiparasitic activity.

Peer Review History:
Received 23 March 2024; Revised 6 May 2024; Accepted 27Metronidazole June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, amanyalboghdadly@gmail.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Sangeetha Arullappan, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia, sangeetha@utar.edu.my
Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com
EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF ODONTOGENIC BACTERIA IN CERVICOFACIAL CELLULITIS IN THE CITY OF SANGMELIMA, CAMEROON
Authors: Nibeye Yannick Carine , Kopong Olivier Fola , Ngogang Marie-Paul , Zeh Honoré , Lyonga Emilia , M Charles Bengondo 
Published: July 2024

Aim and objective: Cervicofacial cellulitis of dental origin is a polymicrobial infection characterized by inflammation of the deep spaces of the neck and face. These conditions can be life-threatening, as the bacteria can spread throughout the body, leading to descending necrotizing mediastinitis, sepsis and death. Management is greatly challenging because of microbial polymorphism, probabilistic antibiotic selection treatment sometimes being hesitant and inappropriate because of lack of consensus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of odontogenic bacteria in cervicofacial infections.
Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted from May 2019 to August 2020 in the odontostomatology and bacteriology departments of the Sangmelima District and Reference Hospitals in Cameroon. Thirty five samples were collected by swabbing or puncture. Specific culture media were used to inoculate samples. Sensitivity of isolated bacteria was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion disk method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0.
Results: Thirty samples were positive (85.7%). Bacteria isolated were Streptococcus (40%), Staphylococcus (30%), Pseudomonas (20%), Escherichia coli (6.7%) and Lactobacillus (3.3%). Sensitivity testing was performed with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, metronidazole, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem and clindamycin. Bacteria were more sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and imipenem.
Conclusion: Bacteria identified in purulent secretions from cervicofacial cellulitis are much more sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and imipenem.

Peer Review History:
Received 25 March 2024; Revised 4 May 2024; Accepted 27 June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Prof. Dr. Gorkem Dulger, Duzce University, Turkey, gorkemdulger@yandex.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com
Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye
Efeito da estimulação elétrica neuromuscular em pacientes críticos em unidade de terapia intensiva- uma revisão integrativa.
Authors: Pereira de Souza Caroligia , Mafra Freire Afonso José , Flores Malaquias Lorena , Trindade Santos Kleyton 
Published: July 2024

O objetivo dessa revisão sistemática é apresentar a repercussão da estimulação elétrica neuromuscular em pacientes de unidade de terapia intensiva, através de estudos do tipo ensaios clínicos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, onde os estudos foram selecionados a partir das seguintes etapas: elaboração da questão de pesquisa e tema, estabelecimento do tipo de estudo para seleção dos artigos, critérios de elegibilidade, busca na base de dados e análise rigorosa dos estudos para verificar sua relevância ao tema proposto nesta revisão. A busca que fundamentou esta revisão foi norteada pela seguinte questão de pesquisa: Quais os efeitos da Estimulação Elétrica Neuromuscular em pacientes submetidos à terapia intensiva? A partir da análise realizada para a seleção dos artigos, foram selecionados 11 estudos para compor esta revisão. Em conclusão, ainda não há um consenso sobre a eficácia do uso da EENM em pacientes de UTI já que pela heterogeneidade das amostras, amostras muito pequenas e falta de protocolo impossibilita a comparação entre os estudos e/ou interfere na condução de novos estudos, há escassez de ensaio clínicos randomizados bem conduzidos e com baixo risco de viés sobre o assunto, questões como tempo, segurança, dose e resultado permanecem sem respostas concretas. A maioria dos estudos utilizados para esta revisão relataram não haver benefícios na utilização da EENM em pacientes críticos em cuidados intensivos tanto no ganho de força quanto na mobilização precoce, tempo de internamento e tempo de ventilação mecânica.
Potencialidades e limitações da assistência de enfermagem em atenção às crianças com transtorno do espectro autista: revisão integrativa
Authors: Vieira dos Santos Jéssica , Rosália Teixeira Luz Rosália , Argolo Teixeira Marizete , Pereira Lobo Marcio , Canuta Cardoso Climaco Layres 
Published: July 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo é identificar na literatura científica as potencialidades e limitações da assistência de enfermagem às crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada entre julho e agosto de 2022, nas plataformas SciELO, Google Acadêmico e BVS. Foram utilizados os descritores: “Transtorno do Espectro Autista”, “Criança” e “Enfermagem” com a associação do operador booleano AND. Tendo como critérios de inclusão: artigos completos em português, publicados entre 2017 e 2022, acessíveis gratuitamente e que estivessem relacionados com o escopo dessa pesquisa. Foram identificados 15 artigos, analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram três categorias de análise: C1 - Atuação do enfermeiro na assistência à criança com Transtorno do Espectro Autista; C2 - Necessidade de capacitação e formação continuada; C3 – Importância de instruir os enfermeiros para que possam aplicar os instrumentos que possibilite o diagnóstico precoce do Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Conclui-se que é necessário que o enfermeiro tenha conhecimento suficiente para identificar sinais e sintomas característicos do Transtorno do Espectro Autista, facilitando que numa abordagem multiprofissional envolvendo psicólogo e psiquiatra trace precocemente o diagnóstico, pois vai favorecer a eficiência das atividades terapêuticas favorecendo uma melhor qualidade de vida da criança.
Ansiedade e estresse em adolescentes no ensino médio: ação de florais de Bach
Authors: Senna Sueli Moreno , Alves Bianca Vitória dos Santos , Pinto Rogelia Herculano , Lira Maria da Conceição Cavalcanti , Silva Maria Betânia Bezerra , De Albuquerque Kátia Cristina Carrera , Campos Katia Rejane Bezerra 
Published: July 2024

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o efeito do Remédio Emergencial sobre a ansiedade e o estresse de alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio de uma escola estadual de referência do agreste de Pernambuco. Trata-se de estudo de intervenção duplo cego quantitativo. Os alunos preencheram o questionário sociodemográfico, Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE-A-T e A-E) e Lista de Sinais e Sintomas de Estresse (LSS). Posteriormente, foram divididos em dois grupos: floral ou placebo, distribuídos por conveniência conforme a classificação do IDATE-A-T. Após 21 dias, os alunos preencheram novos instrumentos (IDATE A-E e LSS). Não houve diferença entre os escores de ansiedade estado e de estresse antes e depois do uso do floral, embora a correlação entre os escores de IDATE-A-T e IDATE-A-E e LSS, após o uso do floral, tenham sido reduzidas. Dessa forma, concluímos que o Remédio Emergencial reduziu a influência do traço de ansiedade sobre a ansiedade e sobre os sinais e sintomas de estresse. Percebe-se a necessidade da prescrição individual dos florais, pois as particularidades são perdidas nas médias. Embora sejam necessários mais estudos sobre a temática, o Remédio Emergencial apresenta potencial para atuar de forma positiva sobre os estados de estresse e de ansiedade dessa faixa etária.