bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor seroprotection but allosensitization after adjuvanted pandemic influenza H1N1 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Fairhead T. , Hendren E. , Tinckam K. , Rose C. , Sherlock C.H. , Shi L. , Crowcroft N.S. , Gubbay J.B. , Landsberg D. , Knoll G. , Gill J. , Kumar D. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundSeasonal and pandemic influenza virus infections in renal transplant patients are associated with poor outcomes. During the pandemic of 2009–2010, the AS03‐adjuvanted monovalent H1N1 influenza vaccine was recommended for transplant recipients, although its immunogenicity in this population was unknown. We sought to determine the safety and immunogenicity of an adjuvant‐containing vaccine against pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 (pH1N1) administered to kidney transplant recipients.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 124 adult kidney transplant recipients in the fall of 2009 at two transplant centers. Cohort 1 (n = 42) was assessed before and after pH1N1 immunization, while Cohort 2 (n = 82) was only assessed post immunization. Humoral response was measured by the hemagglutination inhibition assay. Vaccine safety was assessed by adverse event reporting, graft function, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alloantibody measurements.ResultsCohort 1 had a low rate of baseline seroprotection to pH1N1 (7%) and a low rate of seroprotection after immunization (31%). No patient <6 months post transplant (n = 5) achieved seroprotection. Seroprotection rate was greater in patients receiving double as compared with triple immunosuppression (80% vs. 24%, P = 0.01). In Cohort 2, post‐immunization seroprotection was 35%. In both cohorts, no confirmed cases of pH1N1 infection occurred. No difference was seen in estimated glomerular filtration rate before (54.3 mL/min/1.73 m2) and after (53.8 mL/min/1.73 m2) immunization, and no acute rejections had occurred after immunization at last follow‐up. In Cohort 1, 11.9% of patients developed new anti‐HLA antibodies.ConclusionAn adjuvant‐containing vaccine to pH1N1 provided poor seroprotection in renal transplant recipients. Receiving triple immunosuppression was associated with a poor seroresponse. Vaccination appeared safe, but some patients developed new anti‐HLA antibodies post vaccination. Alternative strategies to improve vaccine responses are necessary.
Fatal BK virus pneumonia following stem cell transplantation
Authors: Akazawa Y. , Terada Y. , Yamane T. , Tanaka S. , Aimoto M. , Koh H. , Nakane T. , Koh K.‐R. , Nakamae H. , Ohsawa M. , Wakasa K. , Hino M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe report the case of a 39‐year‐old male patient who died of severe BK virus (BKV) pneumonia 168 days after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. After suffering from BKV‐associated late‐onset hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) with long‐term sustained BKV viremia, he died of rapidly progressive pneumonia. On autopsy, numerous viral intranuclear inclusions were seen in his lungs and bladder. An immunohistochemical examination of his lungs was positive for simian virus 40. Based on these pathological results and the high sustained BKV viral load in his blood, we reached a diagnosis of BKV pneumonia. Viral infection can occasionally become life threatening among HSCT recipients. It is widely known that BKV can cause late‐onset HC, but BKV‐associated pneumonia is rare. Because of its rapid progression and poor prognosis, it is difficult to make an antemortem diagnosis of BKV pneumonia. A treatment strategy for BKV pneumonia also needs to be formulated. Similar to other viral pathogens, BKV can cause pneumonia and the clinician should therefore be aware of it in immunocompromised patients.
Characterization of distensibility, plaque burden, and composition of the atherosclerotic carotid artery using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Cantón Gádor , Hippe Daniel S. , Sun Jie , Underhill Hunter R. , Kerwin William S. , Tang Dalin , Yuan Chun 
Published: September 2012

Purpose:Arterial distensibility is a marker that can measure vessel wall functional and structural changes resulting from atherosclerosis with applications including estimation of mechanical properties of the wall. We sought to assess the feasibility of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to include wall distensibility in the characterization of atherosclerotic carotid arteries and to analyze the relationship between distensibility and morphological and compositional plaque features.Methods:Five healthy volunteers were imaged with a multiple‐slice CINE MR sequence twice, within 24 h, to determine the interscan reproducibility of distensibility measurements. Twenty‐one subjects with >15% carotid stenosis and the five healthy volunteers were imaged using a multicontrast carotid MRI protocol to characterize arterial wall morphology and composition. Normalized wall index (wall area/total vessel area), maximum wall thickness and, if present, percentages of wall area occupied by calcification and lipid‐rich necrotic core were determined. A multiple‐slice CINE MR sequence was added to the multicontrast protocol to measure the distensibility coefficient (DC) at several locations spanning the bifurcation. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of variation were used to assess the reproducibility of DC measurements made on the healthy subjects. The DC was compared between arterial segments and between the healthy and diseased groups. Furthermore, within the diseased group, DC was correlated to plaque morphology and composition at each location as well as that averaged over the plaque.Results:Distensibility measurements were highly reproducible: ICC (95% confidence interval) was 0.998 (0.96–1.0) for the common carotid segment and 0.990 (0.92–1.0) for the internal carotid segment. In healthy volunteers, we found significantly higher distensibility in the common segment of the carotid artery compared to the internal carotid segment (mean ± SD = 4.56 ± 1.02 versus 3.56 ± 1.32 × 10−5/Pa;p< 0.05). However, no segmental differences were seen in the diseased group (3.25 ± 1.84 versus 3.26 ± 1.60 × 10−5/Pa;p= 0.607). Location‐to‐location changes in DC were not found to correlate to changes in the local plaque morphology or composition nor were average DC found to be associated with aggregate plaque features.Conclusions:These results demonstrate the feasibility of MRI to measure distensibility in the carotid artery and to presumably detect changes in distensibility due to age and/or disease. The results suggest that the effect of atherosclerosis on local distensibility may not strongly depend upon the specific underlying plaque features in mild to moderate stenotic carotid lesions though more diffuse or nonlocal changes in arterial distensibility could not be ruled out.
Genome Sequence of the Plant Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. panici LMG 2367
Authors: Liu He , Qiu Hui , Zhao Wenjun , Cui Zhouqi , Ibrahim Muhammad , Jin Gulei , Li Bin , Zhu Bo , Xie Guan Lin 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas syringae
pv. panici is a phytopathogenic bacterium causing brown stripe disease in economically important crops worldwide. Here, we announce the draft genome sequence of
Pseudomonas syringae
pv. panici LMG2367 to provide further valuable insights for comparison of the pathovars among species
Pseudomonas syringae
.
Draft Genome Sequences of Helicobacter pylori Isolates from Malaysia, Cultured from Patients with Functional Dyspepsia and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Gunaletchumy Selva Perumal , Teh Xinsheng , Khosravi Yalda , Ramli Nur Siti Khadijah , Chua Eng Guan , Kavitha Thevakumar , Mason Joanne N. , Lee Huey Tyng , Alias Halimah , Zaidan Nur Zafirah , Yassin Norzawani Buang M. , Tay Liang Chung , Rudd Stephen , Mitchell Hazel M. , Kaakoush Nadeem O. , Loke Mun Fai , Goh Khean Lee , Vadivelu Jamuna 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT

Helicobacter pylori
is the main bacterial causative agent of gastroduodenal disorders and a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The draft genomes of 10 closely related
H. pylori
isolates from the multiracial Malaysian population will provide an insight into the genetic diversity of isolates in Southeast Asia. These isolates were cultured from gastric biopsy samples from patients with functional dyspepsia and gastric cancer. The availability of this genomic information will provide an opportunity for examining the evolution and population structure of
H. pylori
isolates from Southeast Asia, where the East meets the West.
Genome Sequences of Pseudomonas luteola XLDN4-9 and Pseudomonas stutzeri XLDN-R, Two Efficient Carbazole-Degrading Strains
Authors: Liu Xiaorui , Gai Zhonghui , Tao Fei , Yu Hao , Tang Hongzhi , Xu Ping 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas luteola
XLDN4-9 and
Pseudomonas stutzeri
XLDN-R are two efficient carbazole-degrading pseudomonad strains. Here we present 4.63- and 4.70-Mb assemblies of their genomes. Their annotated key genes for carbazole catabolism are similar, which may provide further insights into the molecular mechanism of carbazole degradation in
Pseudomonas
.
Whole-Genome Sequencing of Borrelia garinii BgVir, Isolated from Taiga Ticks (Ixodes persulcatus)
Authors: Brenner Evgeniy V. , Kurilshikov Alexander M. , Stronin Oleg V. , Fomenko Nataliya V. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTMost Lyme borreliosis cases in Russia result fromBorrelia gariniiNT29 group infection. Borrelias of this group circulate exclusively inIxodes persulcatusticks, which are seldom found beyond Russia and the far east. Here we report the whole-genome sequence ofBorrelia gariniiBgVir isolated from anI. persulcatusfemale.
Genome Sequence of a Nicotine-Degrading Strain of Arthrobacter
Authors: Yao Yuxiang , Tang Hongzhi , Ren Huixue , Yu Hao , Wang Lijuan , Xu Ping 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT

We announce a 4.63-Mb genome assembly of an isolated bacterium that is the first sequenced nicotine-degrading
Arthrobacter
strain. Nicotine catabolism genes of the nicotine-degrading plasmid pAO1 were predicted, but plasmid function genes were not found. These results will help to better illustrate the molecular mechanism of nicotine degradation by
Arthrobacter
.
Genome Sequence of a Highly Efficient Aerobic Denitrifying Bacterium, Pseudomonas stutzeri T13
Authors: Li Ang , Gai Zhonghui , Cui Di , Ma Fang , Yang Jixian , Zhang Xiaoxin , Sun Yilu , Ren Nanqi 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas stutzeri
T13 is a highly efficient aerobic denitrifying bacterium. Information about the genome of this aerobic denitrifying bacterium has been limited until now. We present the draft genome of
P. stutzeri
T13. The results could provide further insight into the aerobic denitrification mechanism in strain T13.
Does the ‘Scottish effect’ apply to all ethnic groups? All-cancer, lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer in the Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Cohort Study
Authors: Bhopal Raj S , Bansal Narinder , Steiner Markus , Brewster David H ,   on behalf of the Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Study
Published: September 2012

Background and objectivesAlthough ethnic group variations in cancer exist, no multiethnic, population-based, longitudinal studies are available in Europe. Our objectives were to examine ethnic variation in all-cancer, and lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers.Design, setting, population, measures and analysisThis retrospective cohort study of 4.65 million people linked the 2001 Scottish Census (providing ethnic group) to cancer databases. With the White Scottish population as reference (value 100), directly age standardised rates and ratios (DASR and DASRR), and risk ratios, by sex and ethnic group with 95% CI were calculated for first cancers. In the results below, 95% CI around the DASRR excludes 100. Eight indicators of socio-economic position were assessed as potential confounders across all groups.ResultsFor all cancers the White Scottish population (100) had the highest DASRRs, Indians the lowest (men 45.9 and women 41.2) and White British (men 87.6 and women 87.3) and other groups were intermediate (eg, Chinese men 57.6). For lung cancer the DASRRs for Pakistani men (45.0), and women (53.5), were low and for any mixed background men high (174.5). For colorectal cancer the DASRRs were lowest in Pakistanis (men 32.9 and women 68.9), White British (men 82.4 and women 83.7), other White (men 77.2 and women 74.9) and Chinese men (42.6). Breast cancer in women was low in Pakistanis (62.2), Chinese (63.0) and White Irish (84.0). Prostate cancer was lowest in Pakistanis (38.7), Indian (62.6) and White Irish (85.4). No socio-economic indicator was a valid confounding variable across ethnic groups.ConclusionsThe ‘Scottish effect’ does not apply across ethnic groups for cancer. The findings have implications for clinical care, prevention and screening, for example, responding appropriately to the known low uptake among South Asian populations of bowel screening might benefit from modelling of cost-effectiveness of screening, given comparatively low cancer rates.
Gastrointestinal cancers reactive for the PAb416 antibody against JCV/SV40 T-Ag lack JCV DNA sequences while showing a distinctive pathologic profile
Authors: Chiaravalli Anna Maria , Longhi Erika , Vigetti Davide , De Stefano Francesca Isabella , Deleonibus Sara , Capella Carlo , Solcia Enrico , Parravicini Carlo 
Published: September 2012

AimImmunohistochemical and molecular studies have suggested an oncogenic role for JCV in gastrointestinal carcinomas, but at least in colorectal cancers, the data are far from being unambiguous.MethodsTwo large series of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded gastric and colorectal cancers were analysed for the expression of JCV large T Antigen (T-Ag) with a panel of five antibodies, and for the presence of T-Ag DNA sequences using two PCR systems.ResultsIntense nuclear staining was observed in 54/116 (46%) colorectal, and in 92/234 (39%) gastric cancers, using the PAb416 monoclonal antibody against large T-Ag. In colorectal cancers, PAb416-positivity was directly related to the presence of chromosomal instability, lymph node metastases and a more advanced tumour stage, and inversely related to proximal tumour site and the presence of microsatellite instability (MSI). In gastric cancers, the glandular histotype, the presence of lymph node metastases, a low frequency of MSI and EBV infection, and a worse prognosis were significantly associated with PAb416 immunoreactivity. Moreover, at both these sites, PAb416 expression was significantly associated with p53 nuclear accumulation. No positivity was obtained with all the other four anti-T-Ag-antibodies, and molecular analysis failed to demonstrate the presence of JCV DNA sequences in tested cases.ConclusionsOur immunohistochemical and molecular results do not support the idea that JCV T-Ag has a role in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. It is possible that PAb416, besides binding the viral protein, may cross-react with a hitherto undefined protein whose expression is associated with a distinct pathological profile and, at least in gastric cancers, with worse prognosis.
Republished: Defining impact of a rapid response team: qualitative study with nurses, physicians and hospital administrators
Authors: Benin Andrea L , Borgstrom Christopher P , Jenq Grace Y , Roumanis Sarah A , Horwitz Leora I 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to qualitatively describe the impact of a Rapid Response Team (RRT) at a 944-bed, university-affiliated hospital.

Methods
We analysed 49 open-ended interviews with administrators, primary team attending physicians, trainees, RRT attending hospitalists, staff nurses, nurses and respiratory technicians.

Results
Themes elicited were categorised into the domains of (1) morale and teamwork, (2) education, (3) workload, (4) patient care, and (5) hospital administration. Positive implications beyond improved care for acutely ill patients were: increased morale and empowerment among nurses, real-time redistribution of workload for nurses (reducing neglect of non-acutely ill patients during emergencies), and immediate access to expert help. Negative implications were: increased tensions between nurses and physician teams, a burden on hospitalist RRT members, and reduced autonomy for trainees.

Conclusions
The RRT provides advantages that extend well beyond a reduction in rates of transfers to intensive care units or codes but are balanced by certain disadvantages. The potential impact from these multiple sources should be evaluated to understand the utility of any RRT programme.
Republished: Daily consultant gastroenterologist ward rounds: reduced length of stay and improved inpatient mortality
Authors: Singh Salil , Lipscomb George , Padmakumar Kadukkavil , Ramamoorthy Radha , Ryan Shirley , Bates Vivien , Crompton Sandra , Dermody Emma , Moriarty Kieran 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background
For gastroenterology, The Royal College of Physicians reiterates the common practice of two to three consultant ward rounds per week. The Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust operated a 26-bed gastroenterology ward, covered by two consultants at any one time. A traditional system of two ward rounds per consultant per week operated, but as is commonplace, discharges peaked on ward round days.

Objective
To determine whether daily consultant ward rounds would improve patient care, shorten length of stay and reduce inpatient mortality.

Methods
A new way of working was implemented in December 2009 with a single consultant taking responsibility for all ward inpatients. Freed from all other direct clinical care commitments for their 2 weeks of ward cover, they conducted ward rounds each morning. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting followed immediately. The afternoon was allocated to gastroenterology referrals and reviewing patients on the medical admissions unit.

Results
The changes had an immediate and dramatic effect on average length of stay, which was reduced from 11.5 to 8.9 days. The number of patients treated over 12 months increased by 37% from 739 to 1010. Moreover, the number of deaths decreased from 88 to 62, a reduction in percentage mortality from 11.2% to 6%. However, these major quality outcomes involved a reduction in consultant-delivered outpatient and endoscopy activity.

Conclusion
This new method of working has both advantages and disadvantages. However, it has had a major impact on inpatient care and provides a compelling case for consultant gastroenterology expansion in the UK.
Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction to Deliver siRNA Cancer Therapy
Authors: Carson Andrew R. , McTiernan Charles F. , Lavery Linda , Grata Michelle , Leng Xiaoping , Wang Jianjun , Chen Xucai , Villanueva Flordeliza S. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Microbubble contrast agents can specifically deliver nucleic acids to target tissues when exposed to ultrasound treatment parameters that mediate microbubble destruction. In this study, we evaluated whether microbubbles and ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) could be used to enhance delivery of EGF receptor (EGFR)–directed siRNA to murine squamous cell carcinomas. Custom-designed microbubbles efficiently bound siRNA and mediated RNAse protection. UTMD-mediated delivery of microbubbles loaded with EGFR-directed siRNA to murine squamous carcinoma cells in vitro reduced EGFR expression and EGF-dependent growth, relative to delivery of control siRNA. Similarly, serial UTMD-mediated delivery of EGFR siRNA to squamous cell carcinoma in vivo decreased EGFR expression and increased tumor doubling time, relative to controls receiving EGFR siRNA-loaded microbubbles but not ultrasound or control siRNA-loaded microbubbles and UTMD. Taken together, our results offer a preclinical proof-of-concept for customized microbubbles and UTMD to deliver gene-targeted siRNA for cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 72(23); 6191–9. ©2012 AACR.
Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Lesions After Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation With Peri-Stent Contrast Staining
Authors: Tada Takeshi , Kadota Kazushige , Hosogi Shingo , Kubo Shunsuke , Ozaki Masatomo , Yoshino Mitsuru , Miyake Koshi , Eguchi Haruki , Ohashi Noriyuki , Hayakawa Yuki , Saito Naoki , Otsuru Suguru , Hasegawa Daiji , Shigemoto Yoshikazu , Habara Seiji , Imai Masao , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Fuku Yasushi , Oka Naoki , Kato Harumi , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Fujii Satoki , Goto Tsuyoshi , Mitsudo Kazuaki 
Published: September 2012

Background—
We have sometimes noted abnormal angiographic coronary dilatation, <50% of the reference vessel, at the site of sirolimus-eluting stent implantation, suggesting contrast staining outside the stent struts and named this finding peri-stent contrast staining (PSS). Little was known about optical coherence tomography findings of lesions with PSS.

Methods and Results—

Between May 2008 and March 2010, we performed optical coherence tomography for 90 in-stent restenosis lesions after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. We found PSS in 20 of the 90 lesions by coronary angiography. The differences in optical coherence tomography findings, including incomplete stent apposition, multiple interstrut hollows (MIH), strut coverage, and thrombus, were compared between lesions with PSS and those without PSS. PSS is defined as contrast staining outside the stent contour extending to >20% of the stent diameter measured by quantitative coronary angiography. MIH is defined as multiple hollows (the maximum depth >0.5 mm) existing between and outside well-apposed stent struts. Both incomplete stent apposition (60.0% versus 10%;
P
<0.001) and MIH (85.0% versus 25.7%;
P
<0.001) were frequently observed in lesions with PSS than in lesions without PSS. Among the 20 lesions with PSS, there was only 1 lesion in which we found neither MIH nor incomplete stent apposition, but only minor dissection. Uncovered struts (11.6% versus 3.9%;
P
=0.001), malapposed struts (2.0% versus 0.0%;
P
<0.001), and red thrombus (35% versus 10%;
P
=0.012) were frequently observed in lesions with PSS than in lesions without PSS.

Conclusions—
PSS might be closely associated with 2 different optical coherence tomography findings, MIH and incomplete stent apposition, in lesions after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation.
Validating the Stroke-Thrombolytic Predictive Instrument in a Population in the United Kingdom
Authors: McMeekin Peter , Flynn Darren , Ford Gary A. , Rodgers Helen , Thomson Richard G. 
Published: September 2012

Background and Purpose—
This study aimed to test the explanatory qualities of the Stroke-Thrombolytic Predictive Instrument (S-TPI) when applied to patients treated in routine practice.

Methods—
S-TPI predictions were compared with observed outcomes in terms of normal/near-normal (modified Rankin Scale score, ≤1) and catastrophic outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, ≥5) at 3 months. Logistic regression was used to calibrate and expand the S-TPI.

Results—
The S-TPI overestimated probability of catastrophic outcomes and overestimated the probability of a normal/near normal outcome above 0.4 and underestimated those below. Calibrating the S-TPI minimized discrepancies between predicted and observed outcomes, in the case of normal/near-normal outcomes, where including additional predictors (serum glucose and signs of current infarction on pretreatment brain scan) further reduced discrepancies between predicted and observed outcomes.

Conclusions—
The explanatory power of the S-TPI in thrombolytic-treated patients can be improved to reflect outcomes seen in routine practice.