bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthographic influences on phonological processing in children with and without reading difficulties: an eye-tracking study
Authors: Baron Lauren S. , Ehrhorn Anna M. , Shlanta Peter , Ashby Jane , Bell Bethany A. , Adlof Suzanne M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhonological processing is an important contributor to decoding and spelling difficulties, but it does not fully explain word reading outcomes for all children. As orthographic knowledge is acquired, it influences phonological processing in typical readers. In the present study, we examined whether orthography affects phonological processing differently for children with current reading difficulties (RD), children with a history of reading difficulties who are currently presenting with typical word reading skills (Hx), and children with typical development and no history of reading difficulties (TD). School-aged children completed a phonological awareness task containing spoken words and pictures while eye movements were recorded. In this task, children had to pair a spoken stimulus word with one of four pictures that ended with the same sound. Within the task, stimulus-target picture pairs varied in the congruency and consistency of the orthographic and phonological mappings of their final consonant sounds. Eye movements revealed that children with typical word reading (the Hx and TD groups) showed better discrimination of the target from the foils compared to peers with underdeveloped word reading skills. All children were more accurate when stimulus-target pairs were congruent and consistent than when they were incongruent or inconsistent. Orthography plays an important role in the completion of phonological awareness tasks, even in the absence of written words and for children with a wide range of reading abilities. Results highlight the importance of considering orthography during interventions for phonological awareness and word reading.
A distributed approach for persistent homology computation on a large scale
Authors: Ceccaroni Riccardo , Di Rocco Lorenzo , Ferraro Petrillo Umberto , Brutti Pierpaolo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPersistent homology (PH) is a powerful mathematical method to automatically extract relevant insights from images, such as those obtained by high-resolution imaging devices like electron microscopes or new-generation telescopes. However, the application of this method comes at a very high computational cost that is bound to explode more because new imaging devices generate an ever-growing amount of data. In this paper, we present PixHomology, a novel algorithm for efficiently computing zero-dimensional PH on images, optimizing memory and processing time. By leveraging the Apache Spark framework, we also present a distributed version of our algorithm with several optimized variants, able to concurrently process large batches of astronomical images. Finally, we present the results of an experimental analysis showing that our algorithm and its distributed version are efficient in terms of required memory, execution time, and scalability, consistently outperforming existing state-of-the-art PH computation tools when used to process large datasets.
Workflow for development of CAPS markers with one type of restriction enzyme to identify citrus cultivars
Authors: Nishimura Kazusa , Okuma Maho , Kaneyoshi Junko , Yamasaki Atsu , Nagasaka Kyoka , Murata Kazuki , Monden Yuki , Kato Kenji , Nishida Hidetaka , Nakazaki Tetsuya , Nakano Ryohei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGiven the ease of propagating fruit tree species through cloning, the economic viability of their breeding programs hinges on protecting breeders' rights. This necessitates the development of highly accurate DNA markers for cultivar identification. Here, we present a methodology for the rapid design of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers to discriminate newly bred Japanese citrus cultivars from genetically related cultivars. We first compared the performance of ddRAD-seq and MIG-seq in citrus germplasm. The ddRAD-seq libraries generated using EcoRI and HindIII restriction enzymes yielded the highest number of polymorphisms. Subsequently, ddRAD-seq with EcoRI and HindIII was employed to analyze 29 citrus cultivars and thus identify 331,801 genome-wide polymorphisms. A semi-automated bioinformatics pipeline was then utilized to identify candidate CAPS markers, resulting in the discovery of 14,072 potential markers. Of these candidates, 52 were chosen for validation based on their recognition by the PstI restriction enzyme. This evaluation resulted in the development of 11 highly discriminative CAPS markers. Remarkably, a combination of only six such markers was sufficient to differentiate newly bred cultivars from their genetically related parents. The single restriction enzyme employed for these markers facilitates straightforward multiplexing. Finally, a combination of one multiplex marker testing two loci and four singleplex markers was successfully selected that completely discriminated the cultivars other than the bud sports used in this study. The pipeline established here extends beyond citrus and has the potential to simplify marker development and cultivar protection in various plant species.
Implicit Social Attunement and Alcohol Use: The Effect of Peer Feedback on Willingness to Drink in Social Settings
Authors: Kroon Emese , Zhang Ran , Colyer-Patel Karis , Weidema Alix , Ünsal Doğa , Larsen Helle , Cousijn Janna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSocial context plays an important role in alcohol consumption. While most studies focus on explicit social drinking norms, this study aimed to (1) develop an implicit social attunement (ISA) task to experimentally assess how willingness to drink alcohol is affected by social alcohol drinking (SAD), social non-alcohol drinking (SNAD), and social non-drinking (SND) settings and peer feedback on willingness to drink in these settings, and (2) assess how ISA is associated with explicit social attunement, age, alcohol use and related problems. Participants (N = 506) aged 16–60 years completed the ISA task and questionnaires assessing alcohol use and alcohol use–related problems, age, and explicit social attunement online. Willingness to drink was highest in the SAD setting (SAD: M(SD) = 5.70 (2.68); SNAD: M(SD) = 4.03 (2.20); SND: M(SD) = 2.02 (1.30)) and—regardless of social setting—lower peer willingness to drink induced higher ISA than higher peer willingness to drink (SAD: t(325) =  − 2.929, p = .035; SNAD: t(325) =  − 2.888 p = .036; SND: t(325) =  − 6.764, p < .001). Higher ISA to higher peer willingness in the SAD (r = .15, p = .001) and SNAD (r = .11, p = .011) settings was associated with higher alcohol use and related problems, while higher ISA to lower peer willingness in the SND setting was associated with lower alcohol use and related problems (r =  − .18, p = .002) and recent alcohol use (standard drinks: r =  − .14, p = .011; binge drinking days: r =  − .16, p = .005). Explicit social attunement, but not ISA, mediated the association between lower age and higher alcohol use and related problems (b =  − .013, p = .009). Results indicate that peer feedback can be a protective or risk factor for alcohol use, depending on the social setting. Future studies are needed to elucidate differences between implicit and explicit social attunement behaviors in their associations with age and alcohol use and related problems.
On minimal generating sets for the mapping class group of a punctured surface
Authors: Monden Naoyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLet Σg,p be an oriented surface of genus g with p punctures. We denote by $$\cal{M}_{g,p}$$

M

g
,
p

and $$\cal{M}_{g,p}^{\pm}$$

M

g
,
p

±

the mapping class group and the extended mapping class group of Σg,p, respectively. In this paper, we show that $$\cal{M}_{g,p}$$

M

g
,
p

and $$\cal{M}_{g,p}^{\pm}$$

M

g
,
p

±

are generated by two elements for g ≥ 3 and p ≥ 0.
Borel edge colorings for finite-dimensional groups
Authors: Weilacher Felix 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study the potential of Borel asymptotic dimension, a tool introduced recently in [2], to help produce Borel edge colorings of Schreier graphs generated by Borel group actions. We find that it allows us to recover the classical bound of Vizing in certain cases, and also use it to exactly determine the Borel edge chromatic number for free actions of abelian groups.
Making Tangible the Long-Term Harm Linked to the Chilling Effects of AI-enabled Surveillance: Can Human Flourishing Inform Human Rights?
Authors: Rautenberg Niclas , Murray Daragh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAI-enabled State surveillance capabilities are likely to exert chilling effects whereby individuals modify their behavior due to a fear of the potential consequences if that behavior is observed. The risk is that chilling effects drive individuals towards the mainstream, slowly reducing the space for personal and political development. This could prove devastating for individuals’ ability to freely develop their identity and, ultimately, for the evolution and vibrancy of democratic society. As it stands, human rights law cannot effectively conceptualize this cumulative, longer-term, harm, and so cannot accurately evaluate the cost/benefit of AI tools, risking irreparable harm. As chilling effects impact individuals’ ability to live a good, self-determined life, the concept of human flourishing is relevant. This article engages with Aristotelian naturalism, the life-satisfaction approach, and the capabilities approach to determine which best resonates with the concept of identity as relevant to chilling effects and human rights law. It concludes that the capabilities approach may overcome some of the problems associated with the human rights law approach and may provide a framework capable of capturing both the intricate processes of free identity development and of conceptualizing the harm linked to AI surveillance. The challenge, however, is to ‘operationalize’ this approach.
Event-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification for living modified cotton MON88701, MON531, MON15985, MON88913, and COT102
Authors: Choi Wonkyun , Yoon A-Mi , Lee Jun-Woo , Lim Hye Song , Jung Young Jun , Lee Jung Ro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGossypium hirsutum L., commonly known as upland cotton, is cultivated globally for natural fiber, feed, and seed oil. To enhance agricultural productivity and quality, living modified (LM) cotton has been developed and utilized since the late 1990s. Due to environmental concerns, such as biodiversity risks associated with living modified organisms (LMOs), the Korean government, including the Ministry of Environment, has been conducting LMO natural environment monitoring and post-management projects. In this study, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to detect five specific LM cotton events (MON88701, MON531, MON15985, MON88913, and COT102), which were the most abundant volunteers observed from 2019 to 2021 in South Korea. The event-specific LAMP assays for the five LM cotton events were established with a 40-min reaction time using LAMP reaction buffer, Bst DNA polymerase, and event-specific primers. The limit of detection ranged from 0.01 to 1 ng/μL. The assays' specificity and sensitivity were validated through colorimetric changes, fluorescence intensity measurements, and conventional PCR. To demonstrate the practical application of the LAMP assays, we tested 22 LM cotton volunteers collected from the natural environment in 2021. Each LAMP assay event-specifically amplified the respective LM cotton volunteers. These results indicate that the developed LAMP assays are effective tools for the efficient management and detection of LM cotton in field surveys, supporting regulatory compliance and environmental monitoring efforts.
Unveiling the Characteristics of ER70S-6 low Carbon Steel Alloy Produced by wire arc Additive Manufacturing at Different Travel Speeds
Authors: Dekis Mohammed , Tawfik Mahmoud , Egiza Mohamed , Dewidar Montasser 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) produces metal components with crucial properties dependent on process parameters. Understanding the effects of these parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties is vital for optimizing WAAM. This study investigated the impact of varying travel speeds (TS) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low carbon steel ER70S-6 alloy produced by WAAM process. The hypothesis centred on the impact of different TS values on heat input (HI) and cooling rates, and the subsequent effects on the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties of the deposited material. ER70S-6 alloy was deposited at three different TS: 120, 150, and 180 mm/min. Microstructure and mechanical properties (microhardness, tensile strength, elongation) were evaluated for each TS condition. Distinct microstructures were observed in the deposited samples, influenced by cooling rates at different TS. Distinct microstructures emerged in different regions of the deposits due to varying cooling rates at different TS. Higher TS (180 mm/min) significantly reduced pores and cracks while enhancing yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) up to 25.2 ± 0.77% elongation and 502.3 ± 3.17 MPa UTS, respectively. However, UTS remained slightly lower (93%) than the catalogued value for ER70S-6 (540 MPa), indicating a mild softening effect. TS significantly influenced the microstructure and mechanical properties of WAAM-produced ER70S-6 alloy. This study provides key insights into optimizing WAAM parameters for low carbon steel, paving the way for improved component production for diverse industrial applications.
Preparation of Novel Marine Enterococcus faecium MSD8 Exopolysaccharide Ointment and In Vivo Evaluation of Its Impact on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Male Albino Rats
Authors: Abdel-monem Doaa A. , Sabry Soraya A. , Ghozlan Hanan A. , Zaghloul Eman H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe current study describes the isolation of exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from marine samples and testing different sugar additives with different proportions for enhanced EPS yield. The isolate MSD8 showed the most potential, yielding 200 mg/L of EPS after being cultivated at 37 °C for 48 h on de Man Rogosa and Sharpe medium (MRS) supplemented with 3% sucrose. The marine isolate MSD8 was identified as Enterococcus faecium with 99.58% probability using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The obtained sequence was deposited in GenBank and assigned the accession number MW924065. The feature of MSD8-EPS was characterized by estimating the total carbohydrate content by UV–vis to be ~ 71%. The FTIR analysis further indicated the presence of characteristic bands of polysaccharide. The cytotoxicity of the produced MSD8-EPS was assessed using human skin fibroblasts (HSF). The IC50 was determined to be > 100 μg/mL, which signifies that MSD8-EPS is safe for skin application. The produced EPS was used to prepare a novel ointment, which was tested for wound healing ability in male albino rats. The ointment significantly (P ≤ 0.05) shortened the time needed for wound healing, as it successfully healed the wounds by 94.93% on the 7th day and completely (100%) healed the wound by the 12th day. In comparison, the control group was healed by 73.2% and 84.83%, respectively. The data confirm that the prepared ointment can safely be used for pharmaceutical wound care products.
Filling the ponds of Hattuşa - a geohydrological approach to determine inflows by time and volume
Authors: Wittenberg Hartmut , Aksoy Hafzullah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the ruins of Hattuşa, the capital of the Hittite Empire more than 3,000 years ago, large, sedimented water storage ponds have been uncovered since 1998. An investigation based on time series of measured groundwater levels, showed that the ponds were supplied from layered aquifers which were opened at their source horizons directly at the uphill edge of the pond. When the groundwater level at the pond exceeds a threshold given by the geology at that edge, water pours into the pond. The principles and the path of filling become clear, but not the volumes and time distribution of the transfers. These results of the previous studies were amply published and are shortly summarized. The present investigation is also based on the time series of groundwater levels and of the discharge of a modern fountain as well as the local hydrogeological properties. The approach is simple but shows the effect of storage in the aquifer which delays the outflow into the pond, so that water from the rainy season was available in the dry season. Also, the annual outflow values are determined. Besides gaining knowledge it is an aim of the article to encourage interdisciplinary and process-oriented thinking.
Soziale und soziomathematische Normen in mathematikhaltigen Fachkraft-Kind-Diskursen in Kindertagesstätten
Authors: Vogler Anna-Marietha 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Bereits in der Kindertagesstätte, so die Annahme des Beitrages, werden junge Lernende in Interaktionen mit Peers und Fachkräften in Mikrokulturen des Mathematiktreibens hineinsozialisiert. Diese Kulturen sind geprägt von bestimmten Normen und bedeutend für die weitere Lernbiographie im Fach. Während die Mikrokulturen des Mathematikunterrichts und Normen unterrichtlicher Diskurse in mathematikdidaktischen Arbeiten vielfach beschrieben werden, existieren – trotz der Bedeutsamkeit – bisher keine vergleichbaren Ausführungen im Elementarbereich. Ziel des Beitrags ist es daher, die Theorie der Normen auf den Bereich der frühen mathematischen Diskurse zu erweitern und soziale sowie soziomathematische Normen in Fachkraft-Kind-Diskursen rekonstruktiv zu erfassen. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf den Relevanzsetzungen der elementarpädagogischen Fachkräfte in ihrer Rolle als Repräsentant*innen der mathematischen Kultur. Die Analysen von zwei von Fachkräften selbst entwickelten und realisierten Situationen aus dem Bereich der Geometrie zeigen, dass die rekonstruierbaren sozialen Normen der Diskurse in der Kindertagesstätte zum Teil denen des Mathematikunterrichts gleichen. Die emergenten soziomathematischen Normen stehen hingegen teilweise im Widerspruch zu tragfähigen mathematischen Konzepten, die im schulischen Diskurs vermittelt werden, und sind hierdurch nicht anschlussfähig.
Application of the sono-Fenton/UV process on the treatment of table olive processing wastewater
Authors: Çokay E. , Eker S. , Taşkın E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Mediterranean Basin economies of Spain, Italy, Greece, and Turkey depend on the table olive and olive oil industries. Table olive processing wastewater characteristics and quantity depend on olive varietal and processing methods. Olives and processing methods provide phenol, suspended particles, dissolved inorganic solids, and refractory organics. Due of its complexity, conventional methods struggle to tackle table olive processing wastewater. A novel approach to enhanced oxidation processes integrates many ways to boost hydroxyl radical formation and scale up efficiency. UV assisted sono-Fenton process as a modified Fenton process was applied to table olive washing wastewater to achieve high formation of hydroxyl radicals. When UV assisted sono-Fenton experiments executed to determine the optimum reaction conditions, the effects of hydrogen peroxide, ferrous ion concentrations and reaction time on the oxidation of table olive washing wastewater investigated by using a statistical experimental design. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and phenol removal efficiencies were examined by keeping the pH constant. The UV assisted sono-Fenton process achieved 53% phenol, 68% TOC, and 80% COD removal efficiencies. The results show that the UV assisted sono-Fenton process can treat effectively table olive processing wastewater. Optimum reaction conditions for the UV assisted sono-Fenton process were determined. UV assisted sono-Fenton process provides a significant reduction in reaction time and minimizes the costs of process associated with low chemical requirements. So, these optimum reaction conditions were resulted in low sludge production at the UV assisted sono-Fenton process while treating table olive processing wastewater.
Movement- and Posture-based Measures of Sedentary Patterns and Associations with Metabolic Syndrome in Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic Adults
Authors: Jankowska Marta M. , Tribby Calvin P. , Hibbing Paul R. , Carlson Jordan A. , Greenwood-Hickman Mikael Anne , Sears Dorothy D. , LaCroix Andrea Z. , Natarajan Loki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Sedentary behavior has been identified as a significant risk factor for Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). However, it is unclear if the sedentary pattern measurement approach (posture vs. movement) impacts observed associations or if associations differ for Hispanic/Latino communities, who have higher risk of MetS.

Methods
Participants from the Community of Mine (CoM) study (N = 602) wore hip-based accelerometers for 14 days and completed MetS-associated biomarker assessment (triglycerides, blood pressure, fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, waist circumference). Sedentary patterns were classified using both cutpoints (movement-based) and the Convolutional Neural Network Hip Accelerometer Posture (CHAP) algorithm (posture-based). We used logistic regression to estimate associations between MetS with sedentary patterns overall and stratified by Hispanic/Latino ethnicity.

Results
CHAP and cutpoint sedentary patterns were consistently associated with MetS. When controlling for total sedentary time and moderate to vigorous physical activity, only CHAP-measured median sedentary bout duration (OR = 1.15, CI: 1.04, 1.28) was significant. In stratified analysis, CHAP-measured median bout duration and time spent in sedentary bouts ≥ 30 min were each associated with increased odds of MetS, but the respective associations were stronger for Hispanic/Latino ethnicity (OR = 1.71 and 1.48; CI = 1.28–2.31 and 1.12–1.98) than for non-Hispanic/Latino ethnicity (OR = 1.43 and 1.40; CI = 1.10–1.87 and 1.06–1.87).

Conclusions
The way sedentary patterns are measured can impact the strength and precision of associations with MetS. These differences may be larger in Hispanic/Latino ethnic groups and warrants further research to inform sedentary behavioral interventions in these populations.
A history of childhood schizophrenia and lessons for autism
Authors: Fellowes Sam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia was widely employed in the U.S. from the 1930s to the late 1970s. In this paper I will provide a history of the diagnosis. Some of the earliest publications on childhood schizophrenia outlined the notion that childhood schizophrenia had different types. I will outline the development of these types, outlining differing symptoms and causes associated with various types. I outline how different types of childhood schizophrenia were demarcated from one another primarily on age of onset and the type of psychosis which was believed to be present. I will outline how various child psychiatrists viewed the types of childhood schizophrenia posited by other child psychiatrists. I will outline the process of abandoning childhood schizophrenia. I use my history to challenge what I believe are misconceptions about childhood schizophrenia. Also, I will use my history to draw lessons for thinking about modern notions of autism. It shows potential problems around formulating psychiatric diagnoses around causes and how compromises might be needed to prevent those problems. Additionally, childhood schizophrenia shows that psychiatrists could formulate subtypes that are not based upon functioning levels and that we can conceive of subtypes as dynamic whereby someone can change which subtype they exhibit over time.