bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing Dementia Care Management into routine care: protocol for a cohort study in Siegen-Wittgenstein, Germany (RoutineDeCM)
Authors: Thyrian Jochen René , Boekholt Melanie , Boes Charlotte , Grond Martin , Kremer Stefanie , Herder-Peyrounette Anja , Seidel Katja , Theile-Schürholz Anna , Haberstroh Julia 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionDementia Care Management is an evidence-based model of care. It has proven its efficacy and cost-effectiveness and has been applied to different settings and different target groups. However, it is not available in routine care in Germany. The scientific evidence has influenced the National Dementia Strategy, in which one measure is to examine the possibility and requirements to implement it into routine care. The aim of this study is to implement Dementia Care Management into routine care in a selected region in Germany and evaluate the effect on participants.Methods and analysisFor the duration of 12 months, n=90 patients and their informal caregivers with cognitive impairment are recruited in different routine settings in primary care (general hospital, physicians’ network, ambulatory nursing service, counselling service) by partners in primary care. They receive an adapted Dementia Care Management (DeCM) to the specific setting using participatory methods. DeCM is delivered by specifically qualified dementia care managers and consists of a comprehensive assessment of healthcare needs followed by algorithm-based and person-based support in healthcare planning, implementing and monitoring. The duration of the intervention is 6 months and data assessments are conducted prior to (baseline), at the end of (follow-up 1, FU1) and 6 months after the end of the intervention (follow-up 2, FU2). Primary outcomes are unmet needs at FU1 and FU2. Secondary outcomes are antidementia drug treatment, neuropsychiatric symptoms and caregiver burden at FU1 and FU2. Further outcomes are cognition, frailty and health-related quality of life. A separate process evaluation accompanies the implementation.Ethics and disseminationThe Ethics Committee of University Medicine Greifswald, Germany, has reviewed and approved the study (registration number BB110/22). All participants provide written informed consent prior to participation. The results will be disseminated in regional workshops, press, online media and talks. They will be submitted to international peer-reviewed scientific journals for publication and presented at scientific meetings and conferences. Furthermore, results will be discussed with the funder and presented to the steering committee of the National Dementia Strategy.Trial registration numberNCT05529277.
Invariant rings of the special orthogonal group have nonunimodal h-vectors
Authors: Conca Aldo , Singh Anurag K. , Varbaro Matteo 
Published: June 2024

For [Formula: see text] an infinite field of characteristic other than two, consider the action of the special orthogonal group [Formula: see text] on a polynomial ring via copies of the regular representation. When [Formula: see text] has characteristic zero, Boutot’s theorem implies that the invariant ring has rational singularities; when [Formula: see text] has positive characteristic, the invariant ring is [Formula: see text]-regular, as proven by Hashimoto using good filtrations. We give a new proof of this, viewing the invariant ring for [Formula: see text] as a cyclic cover of the invariant ring for the corresponding orthogonal group; this point of view has a number of useful consequences, for example, it readily yields the [Formula: see text]-invariant and information on the Hilbert series. Indeed, we use this to show that the [Formula: see text]-vector of the invariant ring for [Formula: see text] need not be unimodal.
Putrescine Supplementation Limits the Expansion of pks+ Escherichia coli and Tumor Development in the Colon
Authors: Oliero Manon , Cuisiniere Thibault , Ajayi Ayodeji S. , Gerkins Claire , Hajjar Roy , Fragoso Gabriela , Calvé Annie , Vennin Rendos Hervé , Mathieu-Denoncourt Annabelle , Dagbert François , De Broux Éric , Loungnarath Rasmy , Schwenter Frank , Sebajang Herawaty , Ratelle Richard , Wassef Ramses , Richard Carole , Duperthuy Marylise , Gravel Andrée E. , Vincent Antony T. , Santos Manuela M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Escherichia coli that harbor the polyketide synthase (pks) genomic island produce colibactin and are associated with sporadic colorectal cancer development. Given the considerable prevalence of pks+ bacteria in healthy individuals, we sought to identify strategies to limit the growth and expansion of pks+ E. coli. We found that culture supernatants of the probiotic strain E. coli Nissle 1917 were able to inhibit the growth of the murine pathogenic strain pks+ E. coli NC101 (EcNC101). We performed a nontargeted analysis of the metabolome in supernatants from several E. coli strains and identified putrescine as a potential postbiotic capable of suppressing EcNC101 growth in vitro. The effect of putrescine supplementation was then evaluated in the azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium mouse model of colorectal cancer in mice colonized with EcNC101. Putrescine supplementation inhibited the growth of pks+ E. coli, reduced the number and size of colonic tumors, and downmodulated the release of inflammatory cytokines in the colonic lumen. Additionally, putrescine supplementation led to shifts in the composition and function of gut microbiota, characterized by an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enhanced acetate production. The effect of putrescine was further confirmed in vitro using a pks+ E. coli strain isolated from a patient with colorectal cancer. These results suggest that probiotic-derived metabolites can be used as an alternative to live bacteria in individuals at risk of developing colorectal cancer due to the presence of pks+ bacteria in their colon.

Significance:
Putrescine supplementation inhibits the growth of cancer-promoting bacteria in the gut, lowers inflammation, and reduces colon cancer development. The consumption of healthy foods rich in putrescine may be a potential prophylactic approach for individuals at risk of developing colorectal cancer due to the presence of pks+ bacteria in their colon.
A morte de um liberal: uma louvação tardia
Authors: Elias Maria José 
Published: June 2024

This is the biography of the writer, journalist, folklorist and historian Mario Neme. Bom in the city of Piracicaba in the State of São Paulo on May 2nd 1912, he died in the city of São Paulo on March 14th, 1973. He began his career as a journalist. His rich and diversified work as a writer is marked by two distinct phases, the literary one and the historical. As a fictionist, he wrote two books of short stories which gave rise to literary polemics at the time, due to the originality of his style and themes, renewing the genus. Among the epochs of historical events, he chose to focus Colonial Brazil, with emphasis on the history of the State of São Paulo, producing, to begin with, small essays and regional studies. As director of the Museu Paulista from 1961 to 1973, he showed a dynamic conception of museology, furnishing the institution with an auditorium for courses and conferences, as well as laboratories of restauration and cine-photo-sonography. He stimulated research in the sectore of archeology, ethnology and history, also reactivating the publication of the Anais do Museu Paulista, which had been paralised for ten years. The transfer of the Museu Paulista to the University of São Paulo was his work. His whole life was dedicated to research. As a literary man, he always tried to write in consonance with life, searching for the proper language and participating as a personage in his dramas and comedies; as a folklorist and historian he also left the mark of his research in his published works. Donana sofredora and Mulher que sabe latim are his best works as a fictionist; as a journalist, Plataforma da nova geração; as a historian, Fórmulas 'políticas do Brasil holandês (1971) and O Brasil no tempo de Nassau (ms.)
História: conceito e obra
Authors: Bresciani Maria Stella Martins 
Published: June 2024

Intellectual work is always politically engaged work. For this very reason every study has to face, in some moment, the task of questioning the political intention which asserts that research and scientific work can be “neutral”. This paper intends to pose questions concerning the meaning of historical work, since historians have usually been considered as specific and particular intellectual workers. Whenever the rules of the division of intellectual work are followed and respected, historians are expected to describe and explain past historical processes. From this point of view historians have only to look back into the past searching for already settled facts, which reach the present through documents. Wishing to reconstruct a reliable picture of the past, historians have often followed the documents as if they were the true “bearers of history”. This submissiveness in the face of the documents has not only made historians accept subjects or topics defined by the documents, but has also transformed them into subjects for investigation and analysis. The work of historians, therefore, has proceeded in circles : it both starts and finishes within the same subject, though with the objective of widening and improving understanding. We intend to discuss in this paper abolitionism, immigration policy and republicanism. These subjects formed part of the same moment in the Brazilian historical process of late nineteenth century, although they appear as separate and even divergent political currents. Our aim is to point out that in the proposal to eliminate the appropriation of man by man two intentions were present: to free the person of the slave, but also to maintain afterwards control over his action and most importantly control over his labor. In this sense, abolitionist propaganda represented part of the proposal for the formation of a labor market within well defined parameters. We also attempt to indicate how these objectives formed part of a broader and seemingly contradictory political process: to democratize in order to increase and centralize the mechanisms of social control.
Associations of Urban Blue and Green Spaces With Coronary Artery Calcification in Black Individuals and Disadvantaged Neighborhoods
Authors: Kim Kyeezu , Joyce Brian T. , Zheng Yinan , Nannini Drew R. , Wang Jun , Gordon-Larsen Penny , Bhatt Ankeet S. , Gabriel Kelley P. , Shikany James M. , Hu Ming , Chen Aimin , Reges Orna , Carnethon Mercedes R. , Lloyd-Jones Donald M. , Zhang Kai , Hou Lifang 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Proximity to urban blue and green spaces has been associated with improved cardiovascular health; however, few studies have examined the role of race and socioeconomic status in these associations.

METHODS:
Data were from the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults). We included longitudinal measurements (1985–1986 to 2010–2011) of blue and green spaces, including percentage of blue space cover, distance to the nearest river, green space cover, and distance to the nearest major park. Presence of coronary artery calcification (CAC) was measured with noncontrast cardiac computed tomography in 2010 to 2011. The associations of blue and green spaces with CAC were assessed with generalized estimating equation regression with adjustment for demographics, individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status, health-related behaviors, and other health conditions. We conducted stratified analyses by race and neighborhood deprivation score to investigate whether the association varied according to social determinants of health.

RESULTS:
The analytic sample included 1365 Black and 1555 White participants with a mean±SD age of 50.1±3.6 years. Among Black participants, shorter distance to a river and greater green space cover were associated with lower odds of CAC (per interquartile range decrease [1.45 km] to the river: odds ratio [OR], 0.90 [95% CI, 0.84–0.96]; per 10 percentage-point increase of green space cover: OR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75–0.95]). Among participants in deprived neighborhoods, greater green space cover was associated with lower odds of CAC (per a 10 percentage-point increase: OR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.80–0.99]), whereas shorter distance to the park was associated with higher odds of CAC (per an interquartile range decrease [5.3 km]: OR, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.00–1.15]). Black participants in deprived neighborhoods had lower odds of CAC with shorter distance to a river (per an interquartile range decrease: OR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.82–0.98]) and greater green space cover (per a 10 percentage-point increase: OR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75–0.97]). There was no statistical interaction between the blue and green spaces and race or neighborhood characteristics in association with CAC.

CONCLUSIONS:
Longitudinally, shorter distance to a river and greater green space cover were associated with less CAC among Black participants and those in deprived neighborhoods. Shorter distance to a park was associated with increased odds of CAC among participants in deprived neighborhoods. Black participants residing in more deprived neighborhoods showed lower odds of CAC in association with greater exposure to river and green space cover.
Global prevalence of hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura determined by genetic analysis
Authors: Seidizadeh Omid , Cairo Andrea , Mancini Ilaria , George James N. , Peyvandi Flora 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (hTTP) is a rare autosomal recessive, life-threatening disorder caused by a severe deficiency of the plasma enzyme, ADAMTS13. The current estimated prevalence of hTTP in different regions of the world, 0.5 to 2.0 patients per million, is determined by the frequency of diagnosed patients. To evaluate more accurately the worldwide prevalence of hTTP, and also the prevalence within distinct ethnic groups, we used data available in exome and genome sequencing of 807 162 (730 947 exomes, 76 215 genomes) subjects reported recently by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD-v4.1). Among 1 614 324 analyzed alleles in the gnomAD population we identified 6321 distinct ADAMTS13 variants. Of these, 758 were defined as pathogenic; 140 (18%) variants had been previously reported and 618 (82%) were novel (predicted as pathogenic). In total 10 154 alleles (0.6%) were carrying the reported or predicted pathogenic variants; 7759 (77%) with previously reported variants. Considering all 758 pathogenic variants and also only the 140 previously reported variants, we estimated a global hTTP prevalence of 40 and 23 cases per 106, respectively. Considering only the 140 previously reported variants, the highest estimated prevalence was in East Asians (42 per 106). The estimated prevalences of other populations were: Finnish, 32 per 106; non-Finnish Europeans, 28 per 106; Admixed Americans, 19 per 106; Africans/African Americans, 6 per 106; and South Asians, 4 per 106. The lowest prevalences were Middle Eastern, 1 per 106 and Ashkenazi Jews, 0.7 per 106. This population-based genetic epidemiology study reports that hTTP prevalence is substantially higher than the currently estimated prevalence based on diagnosed patients. Many patients with hTTP may not be diagnosed or may have died during the neonatal period.
Optimisation of detecting chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in acute pulmonary embolism survivors: the InShape IV study
Authors: Luijten Dieuwke , Valerio Luca , Boon Gudula J.A.M. , Barco Stefano , Bogaard Harm Jan , Delcroix Marion , Ende-Verhaar Yvonne , Huisman Menno V. , Jara-Palomares Luis , Kreitner Karl-Friedrich , Kroft Lucia J.M. , Mairuhu Albert T.A. , Mavromanoli Anna C. , Meijboom Lilian J. , van Mens Thijs E. , Ninaber Maarten K. , Nossent Esther J. , Pruszczyk Piotr , Rosenkranz Stephan , Vliegen Hubert , Vonk Noordegraaf Anton , Konstantinides Stavros V. , Klok Frederikus A. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionChronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is often diagnosed late in acute pulmonary embolism survivors: more efficient testing to expedite diagnosis may considerably improve patient outcomes. The InShape II algorithm safely rules out CTEPH (failure rate 0.29%) while requiring echocardiography in only 19% of patients but may be improved by adding detailed reading of the computed tomography pulmonary angiography diagnosing the index pulmonary embolism.MethodsWe evaluated 12 new algorithms, incorporating the CTEPH prediction score, ECG reading, N‑terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels and dedicated computed tomography pulmonary angiography reading, in the international InShape II cohort (n=341) and part of the German FOCUS cohort (n=171). Evaluation criteria included failure rate, defined as the incidence of confirmed CTEPH in pulmonary embolism patients in whom echocardiography was deemed unnecessary by the algorithm, and the overall net reclassification index compared to the InShape II algorithm.ResultsThe algorithm starting with computed tomography pulmonary angiography reading of the index pulmonary embolism for six signs of CTEPH, followed by ECG/N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level assessment and echocardiography resulted in the most beneficial change compared to InShape II, with a need for echocardiography in 20% (+5%), a failure rate of 0% and a net reclassification index of +3.5%, reflecting improved performance over the InShape II algorithm. In the FOCUS cohort, this approach lowered echocardiography need to 24% (−6%) and missed no CTEPH cases, with a net reclassification index of +6.0%.ConclusionDedicated computed tomography pulmonary angiography reading of the index pulmonary embolism improved the performance of the InShape II algorithm and may improve the selection of pulmonary embolism survivors who require echocardiography to rule out CTEPH.
Cognitive interference of respiratoryversuslimb muscle dual tasking in healthy adults
Authors: Rassam Peter , de Mori Tamires , Van Hollebeke Marine , Rozenberg Dmitry , Davenport Paul , Vallis Lori Ann , Reid W. Darlene 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundInspiratory threshold loading (ITL) and associated dyspnoea have been shown to interfere with cognition during cognitive–motor dual tasking. However, ITL has not been compared with another rhythmic muscle activity, such as lower limb pedalling. While ITL has been shown to interfere with cognition, the mechanism of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during ITL or other rhythmical muscle dual tasking, has not been elucidated. Given the cognitive interference that arises during ITL, we hypothesise that ITL cognitive–motor dual tasking will result in greater cognitive decrements and increased PFC activity compared with the pedalling cognitive–motor dual task.Methods30 healthy participants (16 females; median age 23 (interquartile range 23–24) years) were recruited. They performed five 3-min tasks in a single visit in a random order: single tasks were ITL, pedalling and Stroop task and dual tasks were ITL–Stroop and pedalling–Stroop. Participant's PFC activity was assessed bilaterally using functional near-infrared spectroscopy throughout each task. Single- and dual-task cognitive performance was evaluated by measuring Stroop task reaction time and accuracy. Dyspnoea and rating of perceived exertion were evaluated at the end of each task.ResultsITL–Stroop resulted in greater impairments in reaction time (p<0.001), accuracy (p<0.01) and increased medial/dorsolateral PFC activity (p≤0.006) than pedalling–Stroop. ITL–Stroop elicited greater Borg dyspnoea and rating of perceived exertion than pedalling–Stroop (p<0.001), despite pedalling–Stroop having a greater heart rate response (p<0.001).ConclusionThe heightened cognitive decrements, perceptual response and PFC activity suggest that inspiratory muscle loading and its accompanied dyspnoea results in greater cognitive interference than rhythmic pedalling.
Deprescribing in older adults in a French community: a questionnaire study on patients’ beliefs and attitudes
Authors: Geremie Thibaut , Guiguet-Auclair Candy , Laroche Marie Laure , Mely Pierre , Gerbaud Laurent , Blanquet Marie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
General practitioners (GPs) have a central role to play on reduction of polypharmacy and deprescribing. This study aimed to assess beliefs and attitudes towards deprescribing in patients, aged 65 years or older in primary care, and to identify factors associated with deprescribing and their willingness to stop medication.

Methods
A questionnaire study was performed between 23 May and 29 July 2022 on patients aged 65 years or older attending a GP’s surgery in a French area. We used the French version of the revised Patients’ Attitudes Towards Deprescribing self-report questionnaire (rPATD), which measures four subscales (“Burden”, “Appropriateness”, “Concerns about stopping” and, “Involvement”), patients’ willingness to stop one of their regular medicines, and patients’ satisfaction with their current medicines.

Results
The study enrolled 200 patients. Median age was 76 years old (IQR 71–81), 55% were women, and 42.5% took 5 or more medications per day. Although most patients (92.5%) were satisfied with their current medicines, 35% were reluctant to stop medications they had been taking for a long time, and 89.5% were willing to stop medication if asked to by their GP. Patients aged less than 75 years old reported more concerns about stopping. Women and patients with higher educational attainment showed significantly higher involvement in medication management.

Conclusions
The majority of older adults were willing to stop one or more of their regular medicines if asked to do so by their GP. GPs should address deprescribing into their current practice.