bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the satellite-derived Leaf Area Index of spring wheat using machine learning approaches
Authors: Prakash Pratibha , Koley Swadhina , Kumar Soora Naresh , Harit Ramesh Chand , Gupta Jitender Kumar , Kumar Ravi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The study focuses on the estimation of Leaf Area Index (LAI) for smallholder farms less than 1 acre in semi-arid regions, particularly in Bundelkhand, India. Accurate LAI estimation is crucial for optimizing crop management practices, enhancing yield predictions, and improving the sustainability of agricultural operations. This study evaluates the efficiency of different machine learning algorithms in deriving LAI from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 data, with a focus on spring wheat across two growing seasons (2020–2021 and 2021–2022) in six villages in the Bundelkhand region of India. Three machine learning approaches—Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and XGBoost—were employed for LAI estimation. Validation against ground-truth LAI measurements was carried out using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R), and Multiplicative Bias (MBias). Results indicate that RF and SVM with Radial Basis Function (SVM-RBF) achieved the highest accuracy for both Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 data. For Sentinel-2, RF and SVM-RBF both achieved an R-value of 0.94, with RMSE of 0.40 and MAE of 0.29 and 0.30, respectively. RF showed a slight overestimation (MBias = 1.02), while SVM-RBF had a perfect MBias of 1.00. XGBoost also performed well (R = 0.94), though with slightly higher RMSE (0.43) and MAE (0.33), and an MBias of 0.88, indicating slight underestimation. SVM linear had lower performance metrics (R = 0.84, RMSE = 0.62, MAE = 0.48, MBias = 1.02). For Landsat-8, RF and SVM-RBF also showed strong performance (R = 0.94), with RF achieving RMSE of 0.38 and MAE of 0.28, and SVM-RBF achieving the lowest RMSE of 0.37 and MAE of 0.29. Both had near-perfect MBias values (RF = 1.00, SVM-RBF = 0.99). XGBoost displayed a high R-value (0.93) but higher error metrics (RMSE = 0.40, MAE = 0.30, MBias = 1.01). SVM linear underperformed (R = 0.78, RMSE = 0.69, MAE = 0.53, MBias = 0.98). Overall, RF and SVM-RBF consistently outperformed SVM linear and XGBoost across both satellite datasets.
Prognostic Accuracy of Blood Cell Count Ratios in Predicting Adverse Outcomes in Crush Syndrome Patients
Authors: Karlidag Taner , Bingol Olgun , Sarikaya Baran , Keskin Omer Halit , Durgal Atahan , Ozdemir Guzelali 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The rationale behind this study was the lack of an accurate predictor to facilitate treatment management and anticipate prognosis in crush syndrome. Our research aimed to investigate the following: 1) Is there a correlation between the ratios of blood cell counts upon admission and the adverse outcomes of crush syndrome? and 2) if such a correlation exists, what are the precise thresholds of blood cell count ratios for predicting these adverse outcomes?
Methods
In this single-centered and retrospective design study, we analyzed all patients admitted to our hospital after Kahramanmaras Earthquake.The data on length of stay in the ICU and mortality status were obtained using our hospital system. Ratios of blood cell count were calculated and recorded at the time of admission.
Results
The NLR values in admission were significantly higher in patients with amputation, patients who received intensive care unit (ICU) and patients who died. (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). The MLR values were found to be significantly increased in patients who underwent amputation and patients who received ICU (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). NAR values in admission were significantly higher in patients with amputation, patients who received intensive care unit (ICU) and patients who died (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.002,respectively). In addition, according to binary logistic regression analysis, with a CLR value of > 109.844, the risk of amputation increases 8.188 fold; with a CLR value of > 64.518, the possibility of ICU admission requirement increases 10.117 fold, and with a CLR value of > 116.00, the risk of death increases 5.519 fold.
Conclusion
Ratios of blood cell count such as NLR, MLR, NAR, and CLR offer a reasonable prognostic accuracy in predicting adverse outcomes and mortality in patients with crush syndrome. Therefore, for better disaster management in the future, the determination of these values at admission should be used as an adjunct tool for predicting prognosis in patients with crush syndrome.
Cushing’s syndrome developing myasthenia gravis with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after adrenalectomy: a case report
Authors: Yamamoto Ken , Kuroda Takeshi , Kubota Satomi , Matsuoka Kaoru , Kosuge Shota , Momma Yutaro , Miki Ayako , Murakami Hidetomo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Several cases of autoimmune disease onset after treatment for Cushing’s syndrome have been reported.
Case presentation:
Herein, we report a case of myasthenia gravis crisis in a 51-year-old woman 2 months after adrenalectomy for adrenal Cushing’s syndrome accompanied by Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The resolution of excessive endogenous cortisol after adrenalectomy may have triggered the onset of previously latent myasthenia gravis.
Conclusions
Observing the similarities in symptoms between myasthenia gravis and adrenal crisis, which can sometimes be challenging to differentiate, is essential. Moreover, the presence of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy as a non-motor manifestation of myasthenic crisis must be noted.
Establishing user centre design in developing a lung cancer self- management digital platform: Protocol Paper
Authors: Kirkpatrick Suriya , Wright Peter , Davey Zoe , Windsor Stanley , Henshall Catherine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Lung cancer exemplifies a significant global health challenge, characterised by pronounced mortality rates. An escalating incidence of new cases worldwide, coupled with comparatively diminished survival rates, distinguishes it from other prevalent malignancies. Physical activity can alleviate symptoms of breathlessness, cough, and depression, while also enhancing well-being in individuals with lung cancer. However, resources to support self-management through physical activity and exercise are limited. Our team proposes an innovative solution: a digital self-management platform designed for individuals with lung cancer. This paper reports on a protocol for the co-development of an exercise focused digital self-management platform. The principal objective of this platform is to offer people living with lung cancer an alternative approach to accessing relevant support to manage their health more independently, thereby fostering a more self-reliant approach to physical health self-management. The platform offers users with a secure internet connection, an individually tailored exercise plan, with features that facilitate the ongoing monitoring of their progress. Furthermore, the platform offers relevant guidance to users by directing them toward pertinent resources as required. The protocol describes a procedural framework for the platform's development and sets out a comprehensive strategy for the iterative co-development of the app with key stakeholders; lung cancer patients/survivors and their carers, health care professionals and other key decision makers. The platform's development is rooted in a user-centred, coproduction approach, aimed at accommodating the intricate demands of the targeted patient demographic and enhancing their overall physical functioning and wellbeing outcomes. A mixed methods study design is employed to collect both qualitative and quantitative data throughout the study.
Impact of sleep disturbances on outcomes in intensive care units
Authors: Marchasson Laura , Rault Christophe , Pape Sylvain Le , Arrivé François , Coudroy Rémi , Frat Jean-Pierre , Bironneau Vanessa , Jutant Etienne-Marie , Heraud Quentin , Drouot Xavier , Thille Arnaud W 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Sleep deprivation is common in ICUs and may alter respiratory performance. Few studies have assessed the role of sleep disturbances on outcomes in critically ill patients.
Objectives
We hypothesized that sleep disturbances may be associated with poor outcomes in ICUs.
Methods
Post-hoc analysis pooling 3 studies assessing sleep by complete polysomnography in 131 conscious and non-sedated patients included at different times of their ICU stay. Sleep was assessed early in patients admitted for acute respiratory failure while breathing spontaneously (n = 34), or under mechanical ventilation in patients with weaning difficulties (n = 45), or immediately after extubation (n = 52). Patients admitted for acute respiratory failure who required intubation, those under mechanical ventilation who had prolonged weaning, and those who required reintubation after extubation were considered as having poor clinical outcomes. Durations of deep sleep, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and atypical sleep were compared according to the timing of polysomnography and the clinical outcomes.
Results
While deep sleep remained preserved in patients admitted for acute respiratory failure whereas it was markedly reduced under mechanical ventilation and after extubation (p < 0.01). Atypical sleep was significantly more frequent in patients under mechanical ventilation than in those breathing spontaneously (p < 0.01). REM sleep was uncommon at any time of their ICU stay. Patients with complete disappearance of REM sleep (50% of patients) were more likely to have poor clinical outcomes than those with persistent REM sleep (24% vs. 9%, p = 0.03).
Conclusion
Complete disappearance of REM sleep was significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes in critically ill patients.
Knowledge, self-efficacy, satisfaction, and self-confidence of nursing students for stoma care using active learning methods: a controlled experimental study
Authors: Abselam-Ali Karima , Capilla-Díaz Concepcion , Reina-Prego Rocío , Parra-González Maria Elena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: An intestinal stoma is a surgery in which an artificial opening (stoma) is made in the abdomen to bypass the outflow of faeces. It is essential to provide training in stoma therapy as a core competency for nursing students to ensure optimal care for patients’ rehabilitation, occupational, social and family needs. While nursing skills are mainly taught through traditional teacher-centred lectures, the use of active learning methods can improve students’ competencies.
Objectives: To assess knowledge about stoma care in relation to the level of learning methods and to measure students' self-confidence, satisfaction and self-efficacy with the training received using different levels of fidelity, including simulation.
Design: Controlled experimental study involving three groups, with a pretest and post-test design. Settings: Faculty of Nursing of two Spanish public universities. Participants: Third-year nursing students during the academic year 2022-2023.
Methods: Group A received traditional teaching methods and low-fidelity simulation, group B received traditional teaching methods and high-fidelity simulation and group C received active learning methods and high-fidelity simulation. The instruments for data collection were the Nursing Outcomes Classification: "Knowledge: Ostomy Care [1829]” and its indicators, self-efficacy, and student satisfaction-self-confidence with learning. Results: Significant differences were found in 14 of the 15 NOC indicators measured between groups. The analysis of self-efficacy indicated notable differences in scores between the different groups after the intervention. For satisfaction and self-confidence, there were also significant differences, with group C (active learning methods and high-fidelity simulation) having the highest scores. Conclusions: Active learning methods are considered instruments that appear to improve ostomy knowledge and the degree of fidelity of the simulation impacts on student satisfaction and self-confidence in learning.
Expression of Salt-Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2) and its Correlation with Immune Cell Infiltration and Prognosis in Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma
Authors: wang sisi , li yilin , deng jian , zhong yangyan , deng junjie , deng lufeng , li dan , feng haigang , wang youquan , cao hong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Thyroid cancer(THCA) is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, with papillary carcinoma being the most prevalent histopathological type. In recent years, its incidence has been continuously increasing, making it one of the fastest-growing malignancies in multiple countries. This study aims to investigate the relevance of Salt-Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2) to this disease.
Methods
In this study,Reverse Transcription Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction(RT-qPCR),Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA),Western Blotting (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), and other experimental methods were employed to investigate the expression of SIK2 in thyroid cancer and adjacent tissues. WB, (Cell Counting Kit-8)CCK8 assay, Transwell assay, scratch test, and flow cytometry were used to analyze the activity of thyroid papillary carcinoma cells after SIK2 silencing. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis were conducted to guide further research directions. Immune infiltration was investigated using the Tumor Immune System Interaction Database (TISIDB), and prognosis-related analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier plotter and TIMRE2.0 databases.
Results
The protein level of SIK2 was significantly elevated in thyroid papillary carcinoma tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Silencing of SIK2 resulted in a significant reduction in the viability of thyroid papillary carcinoma cells, indicating its prognostic value. Additionally, using bioinformatics methods, the relationship between SIK2, immune cell infiltration, and prognosis in thyroid cancer was explored. Analysis using the TISIDB database showed a negative correlation between SIK2 expression and immune cell infiltration in thyroid cancer, suggesting a potential role of SIK2 dysregulation in tumor immune evasion. Kaplan-Meier plotter database analysis revealed different survival rates associated with different levels of immune cell infiltration, demonstrating clinical relevance. In patients with high SIK2 expression in thyroid cancer, decreased infiltration of B cells, CD8 + cells, macrophages, and regulatory T cells was associated with poorer prognosis, while increased infiltration of CD4 + T cells, eosinophils, mesenchymal stem cells, natural killer T cells, and Th1 cells was associated with better prognosis (all P < 0.05). TIMER2.0 analysis demonstrated that SIK2 was associated with better prognosis in males, stage 1, stage 2, and low tumor burden populations, and after 5 years of follow-up, the important outcome measure Overall Survival (OS) began to show statistical significance.
Conclusion
SIK2 is highly expressed in thyroid papillary carcinoma tissues and regulates cancer cell activity, likely through modulation of the surrounding immune microenvironment to influence disease progression.
Semantic segmentation of coronary arteries in computed tomography angiograph: A multi-center, multi-vendor and multi disease study
Authors: Triki Meriem , AMMAR MOHAMMED , Mahmoudi Said , Gkontra Polyxeni , Kincl Vladimir , Holeček Tomáš , lekadir Karim 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the primary causes of death worldwide accountings for almost 25% of all deaths worldwide each year. Accurate diagnosis and assessment of CAD and stenosis require the semantic segmentation of the coronary arteries and aorta in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) images, which is of great significance. Nonetheless, producing semantic segmentations is particularly challenging due to the anatomical similarity between various surrounding areas, the branching of the arteries which includes numerous bifurcations, and the presence of smaller vessels that add to the complexity. Reducing the resolution of a 3D image to fit within the constraints of available GPU memory can result in a loss of detail, which is often undesirable. Instead, using patches of the image as input can help mitigate this issue. In this study, we propose a novel semantic segmentation method based on the 3D U-Net that uses three different datasets consisting of multi-center, multi-vendor, and multi-continent data CCTA images. We achieved accuracies of 91.2%, 93.9%, and 97.3%, respectively. The outcomes of the study demonstrate the efficacy of the method for accurately segmenting the aorta and/or the coronary arteries.
Epidemiological, clinical characterization and treatment patterns of migraine patients in a Colombian cohort from 2018 to 2022.
Authors: Rubio Andrea , Arciniegas Jair Alberto , Bolanos Jhon Edward , Gonzalez Farley Johanna , Gomez Diana , Mesa Alejandro , Bello Carlos Jose , Garcia Monica , Perez Luz Eugenia , Reyes Juan Manuel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
To describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of migraine and the status of treatment in Colombia. Additionally, the use of health resources by patients was measured.
Methods
This was a non-interventional, retrospective, descriptive study conducted in one Colombian Health Management Organization (HMO) from 2018 to 2022 with a follow-up period of 5 years. Migraine patients were identified using the International Code Disease 10th version G43, and the diagnosis was confirmed by a neurologist. The first recorded migraine diagnosis was defined as the index date. Medical records, claim databases and other electronic databases from the HMO were used to determine the clinical characteristics, treatments, and health care services.
Results
A total of 89,227 patients were included in the study. The mean follow-up period was 3.7 years (standard deviation 1.2). Most of them were women (84.9%). Many patients were first seen by a general practitioner (82.6%), and only 8.9% were first seen by a neurologist. The prevalence of migraine during follow-up was between 1.69 and 2.42 patients in 100 HMO affiliates in 2020, the year with the highest prevalence (2.42 [95% CI 2.41–2.44]), and the incidence ranged from 0.032 to 1.72 per 100 patient-year at risk of developing migraine. Hypertension (21.3%), arrythmia (4.1%) and structural heart disease (3.4%) were the most common cardiovascular diseases. The annual mean number of outpatient consultations in 2018 was 1.43 consultations per patient, which decreased to 0.68 in 2022. The most frequent treatments for acute events were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (range 37%-42%) in monotherapy, combinations of analgesics (range 14%-35%), and corticosteroids (range 10%-15%). Triptans were used in 4% of patients in the first medication record, reaching a maximum of 16% of patients. Among preventive treatments, beta-blockers (24%-49%) and antiepileptics (29%-41%) were the most common.
Conclusion
The prevalence of migraine in Colombia according to health electronic databases was lower than that reported in previous studies conducted in the country. The treatment patterns for acute and preventive treatment of migraine follow the recommendations of different guidelines. Cardiovascular disease is relevant for the management of migraine.
Prognostic Factors in Patients with Gastrointestinal Perforation under the Acute Care Surgery Model : A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sung Kiyoung , Hwang Sanguk , Lee Jaeheon , Cho Jinbeom 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastrointestinal perforation (GIP) is a life-threatening condition that necessitates immediate surgical intervention. This study aims to identify prognostic factors in patients with GIP treated within a standardized acute care surgery (ACS) framework.
Materials and methods
This single center retrospective cohort study analyzed patients diagnosed with GIP who underwent emergent surgery and were admitted to the intensive care unit between January 2013 and March 2023.
Results
Among 354 patients, the mortality was 11%, and 38% of survivors experienced significant complications (Clavien-Dindo class III or higher). Independent prognostic factors for mortality included initial sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores (at the time of admission or ACS activation), postoperative SOFA scores, and postoperative body temperatures. For morbidity, independent predictors were the extent of peritonitis, the surgical approach (open versus laparoscopic), postoperative albumin levels, and postoperative SOFA scores. These factors showed significant predictive accuracy for patient outcomes, as evidenced by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Conclusion
It is crucial to establish a system that ensures rapid preoperative work-up, accurate surgical intervention, and evidence-based postoperative critical care. Implementing such a system and assessing patient outcomes after surgery using the identified factors could provide a more detailed evaluation.
The Histone Acetylation-Related Gene Signature for Prediction of Prognosis and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Stomach Adenocarcinoma and Verification in vitro
Authors: Dai Chen , Su Rishun , Zhao Zhenzhen , Guo Yangyang , Yin Songcheng , Zhou Jingyao , He Yulong , Zhang Changhua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer (GC) is a very aggressive, with extreme heterogeneity and rapid growth, most frequently manifested histologically as stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Current evidence suggests that histone acetylation is critical for the origin and development of tumors. However, the significance of histone acetylationrelated gene signatures for prognosis of STAD patients and mechanisms of histone acetylation in STAD therapy remains unclear.
Methods
We identified histone acetylationrelated genes in STAD from TCGA and constructed eight-gene signatures by utilizing a univariate Cox regression model with the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO). In addition, a nomogram was plotted to predict the prognostic significance of the established risk model. We examined associations between our gene signature and somatic mutation, immune subtype, clinicopathological features, tumor microenvironment, immune cell infiltration and immune activity, immunotherapy prediction and drug sensitivity. Cell-based assays were performed to determine the relationship between Doublecortin Like Kinase 1 (DCLK1) and the proliferation, migration and oxaliplatin resistance of GC cells in vitro.
Results
A prognostic model composed of eight histone acetylationrelated genes in STAD was developed. Based on median risk score, the STAD patients were equally assigned into two groups of high- and low-risk, where high-risk represented a less favorable prognosis than low-risk. The two groups showed significant differences with respect to somatic mutation, immune subtype, clinicopathological features, tumor microenvironment, immune cell infiltration and immune activity, immunotherapy prediction and drug sensitivity. The results generated during Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses suggested that Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in the two groups were involved in cancer-related processes and pathways. Cell-based assays indicated that DCLK1 is a promoting factor in gastric cancer and can promote oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells.
Conclusions
A novel histone acetylationrelated gene signature, which possesses potential value in predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy effectiveness regarding STAD patients, was developed. This signature may serve as a reliable biomarker for prognosis of STAD and promote the identification of novel treatment targets for STAD. Furthermore, DCLK1 exhibited oncogenic roles and may be a new target for STAD therapy.