bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yttria substitution effect of tantalate aluminosilicate glasses with ultra‐high Young's modulus
Authors: Hayashi Katsuki , Nishizaki Hikaru , Mitsui Kazuki , Tricot Grégory , Saitoh Akira 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe report novel oxide glasses that are compatible with ultra‐high Young's modulus (∼150 GPa) and a small coefficient of thermal expansion (∼5.0 ppm/K). These glasses were prepared using a conventional melt‐quenching technique. The viscosity–temperature relation provides the reshaping temperature for the stiff and less dilated oxide glasses. The origin of the ultra‐high Young's modulus is the inclusion of Y2O3 as well as five‐ and six‐coordinated alumina oxide and Ta2O5, which has a large ionic packing ratio due to higher oxygen coordination numbers. On the other hand, the small thermal expansion coefficient originates from including Ta2O5 and SiO2 with large dissociation energy due to strong bonds.
High‐yield nanovesicles extruded from dental follicle stem cells promote the regeneration of periodontal tissues as an alternative of exosomes
Authors: Liang Lu , Wang Limeiting , Liao Zhenhui , Ma Liya , Wang Pinwen , Zhao Junjie , Wu Jinyan , Yang Hefeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo identify an optimized strategy for the large‐scale production of nanovesicles (NVs) that preserve the biological properties of exosomes (EXOs) for use in periodontal regeneration.Materials and MethodsNVs from dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) were prepared through extrusion, and EXOs from DFSCs were isolated. The yield of both extruded NVs (eNVs) and EXOs were quantified through protein concentration and particle number analyses. Their pro‐migration, pro‐proliferation and pro‐osteogenesis capacities were compared subsequently in vitro. Additionally, proteomics analysis was conducted. To further evaluate the periodontal regeneration potential of eNVs and EXOs, they were incorporated into collagen sponges and transplanted into periodontal defects in rats. In vivo imaging and H&E staining were utilized to verify their biodistribution and safety. Micro‐Computed Tomography analysis and histological staining were performed to examine the regeneration of periodontal tissues.ResultsThe yield of eNVs was nearly 40 times higher than that of EXOs. Interestingly, in vitro experiments indicated that the pro‐migration and pro‐proliferation abilities of eNVs were superior, and the pro‐osteogenesis potential was comparable to EXOs. More importantly, eNVs exhibited periodontal regenerative potential similar to that of EXOs.ConclusionsExtrusion has proven to be an efficient method for generating numerous eNVs with the potential to replace EXOs in periodontal regeneration.
A pair of nuclear factor Y transcription factors act as positive regulators in jasmonate signaling and disease resistance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Lin Chuyu , Lan Chenghao , Li Xiaoxiao , Xie Wei , Lin Fucheng , Liang Yan , Tao Zeng 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe plant hormone jasmonate (JA) regulates plant growth and immunity by orchestrating a genome‐wide transcriptional reprogramming. In the resting stage, JASMONATE‐ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins act as main repressors to regulate the expression of JA‐responsive genes in the JA signaling pathway. However, the mechanisms underlying de‐repression of JA‐responsive genes in response to JA treatment remain elusive. Here, we report two nuclear factor Y transcription factors NF‐YB2 and NF‐YB3 (thereafter YB2 and YB3) play key roles in such de‐repression in Arabidopsis. YB2 and YB3 function redundantly and positively regulate plant resistance against the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea, which are specially required for transcriptional activation of a set of JA‐responsive genes following inoculation. Furthermore, YB2 and YB3 modulated their expression through direct occupancy and interaction with histone demethylase Ref6 to remove repressive histone modifications. Moreover, YB2 and YB3 physically interacted with JAZ repressors and negatively modulated their abundance, which in turn attenuated the inhibition of JAZ proteins on the transcription of JA‐responsive genes, thereby activating JA response and promoting disease resistance. Overall, our study reveals the positive regulators of YB2 and YB3 in JA signaling by positively regulating transcription of JA‐responsive genes and negatively modulating the abundance of JAZ proteins.
Educational results of the Japan Maternal Emergency Life‐Saving (J‐MELS) simulation training organized by Japan Council for the Implementation of the Maternal Emergency Life‐Saving System (J‐CIMELS): a 12‐month longitudinal follow‐up study in Japan
Authors: Imai Kenji , Hashimoto Yuhei , Ito Yumiko , Sakata Keiko , Kawanami Masashi , Nakano‐Kobayashi T. , Hashii Koji , Yamahata Yoshihiro , Kajiyama Hiroaki , Kotani Tomomi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to evaluate the long‐term results of Japan Maternal Emergency Life‐Saving (J‐MELS) simulation training on obstetric healthcare providers, over a 12‐month follow‐up period.MethodsA total of 273 trainees from 17 J‐MELS Basic courses conducted between August 2021 and October 2023 were included. The trainees' responses to the pre‐ and post‐tests, questionnaires, and self‐reports on the usefulness of the J‐MELS scenarios in actual clinical settings at 1, 6, and 12 months after the training were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was also conducted to identify the factors influencing knowledge retention.ResultsWe found an overall improvement in clinical knowledge acquisition after J‐MELS training and a significant retention of this improvement at least until 12 months later. However, these scores gradually declined over. Trainees reported increased usefulness of J‐MELS scenarios in actual clinical practice at 1, 6, and 12 months after training, particularly in managing obstetric emergencies such as atonic postpartum hemorrhage. Knowledge retention was influenced by several specific factors, such as years of clinical experience, affiliated institutions, qualifications, and especially pre‐test scores.ConclusionOur longitudinal follow‐up study demonstrated, for the first time, the long‐term results of J‐MELS simulation training using post‐tests and self‐report data. Our findings provide valuable insight into the impact of J‐MELS simulation training on maternal emergency care. By elucidating the factors influencing knowledge retention and practical utility, the findings offer actionable recommendations for optimizing training strategies and improving maternal outcomes in actual clinical practice.
Contact point marking with the OccluSense system—an in vitro study on reliability and validity
Authors: Popa Stefanie , Ahlers M. Oliver 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundOcclusal contacts can be stained and thereby visualised employing occlusal indicators. Qualitative and quantitative indicators are differentiated. The hybrid system OccluSense supposedly combines analogue contact marking and digital registration of contacts. The reliability and validity of its contact marking have not yet been validated.ObjectivesThe aim of this controlled randomised in‐vitro study was to examine the reliability and validity of analogue contact staining with OccluSense compared to Arti‐Fol and the reference standard Gnatho‐Film.Materials and MethodsAn experimental apparatus was designed to simulate static occlusion. The occlusal contacts were stained 50 times with Gnatho‐Film to determine the average number and location of contacts registered. For comparison, the contacts were pre‐stained with Gnatho‐Film and then registered with Arti‐Fol or OccluSense 50 times each. Every staining was statistically evaluated and compared to Gnatho‐Film alone, regarding the number and location of contacts. Based on the observed characteristic staining behaviour of OccluSense, a modified evaluation strategy was developed for its colour markings (OccluSense (mod.)).ResultsBoth evaluations of OccluSense determine that the same number of contacts was registered in over 94% of all cases. Neither OccluSense nor Arti‐Fol stain the exact same number of contacts as Gnatho‐Film, but the modified evaluation OccluSense (mod.) did improve the results for validity.ConclusionWhen employing the modified evaluation strategy, OccluSense staining achieves similar reliability and validity as the reference standard. Pre‐colouring of occlusal contacts with Gnatho‐Film and the modified evaluation strategy, might become standard for analysing occlusal contacts stained by OccluSense in the future.
Timing of feeding a protein supplement on nitrogen balance and plasma amino acids during exercise recovery in horses
Authors: Graham‐Thiers Patty , Bowen Kristen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEight geldings weighing 544 ± 16 kg were used to evaluate feeding a postexercise protein meal on plasma amino acids during recovery. Horses were fed sweet feed, corn, grass hay and equal amounts of a protein pellet (32% CP) with meals (MP group) or postexercise (EP group). Horses exercised 1–2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 12 weeks. A pre and poststudy 4 days total urine and feces collection was conducted. Urine and fecal samples were analyzed for nitrogen (N) to calculate N balance. Blood samples were drawn immediately after and at 1 and 3 h postexercise at the start and end of the study for plasma amino acid concentrations. Absorbed N and N retention were greater for the MP group compared to the EP group (p = 0.038, 0.033 respectively). An interaction revealed an increase in fecal N (p = 0.01) and decreased N digestibility for the MP group compared to the EP group at the end of the study. Plasma concentrations for 8 out of 14 amino acids were less for the EP group immediately after exercise compared to the MP group (p < 0.02). Plasma concentrations of lysine and arginine were greater for the EP group compared to the MP group at 1 and 3 h after exercise (p < 0.05 and 0.04 respectively). Changes were different for 8 out of the 14 amino acids immediately post exercise, 7 out of 14 amino acids at 1 h postexercise and 10 out of 14 amino acids at 3 h postexercise with positive changes for the EP group and negative changes for the MP group. The EP group had improved supply of plasma amino acids in the recovery period that sustained for 3 h postexercise and are indicative of better amino acid supply supporting muscle development.
Exploring emotional regulation in insomnia with and without major depressive episode
Authors: Garrivet Julie , Gohier Bénédicte , Maruani Julia , Ifrah Guillaume , Trzepizur Wojciech , Gagnadoux Frederic , Henry Chantal , Geoffroy Pierre A. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryPrevious studies have highlighted the pivotal role of emotional regulation impairment in the progression of depressive and insomnia disorders, individually. Nevertheless, to date, no study has undertaken a direct comparison of the emotional profiles in individuals experiencing insomnia with or without major depressive episode (MDE). In this study, our objective was to closely examine multiple aspects of emotional regulation among individuals experiencing insomnia, with or without concurrent depression. This descriptive observational study involved 57 participants, comprising 27 individuals with comorbid chronic insomnia and MDE, and 30 with chronic insomnia alone. All participants completed self‐questionnaires assessing aspects of emotional regulation: the Affect Intensity Measure (intensity), Affective Lability Scale (lability), Temperament Evaluation of Memphis Pisa Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (temperament), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (cognitive strategies), and Multidimensional Assessment of Thymic States (reactivity). There were statistically significant differences between the group with insomnia with MDE and insomnia without MDE in terms of anxiety/depression lability. Discrepancies also manifested in terms of activation or inhibition in motor activity and motivation. Additionally, a noteworthy variance in cognitive strategies for emotional regulation was observed, specifically in self‐blame and catastrophising. From a cognitive perspective, patients with insomnia and a MDE exhibited a greater inclination towards self‐blame and catastrophising, in contrast to those with insomnia only. Behaviourally, the former group demonstrated heightened inhibition of motivation and motor activity. These findings underscore the importance of larger‐scale investigations to validate these insights and pave the way for clinical prospects centred around emotional regulation, ultimately fostering personalised treatments for insomnia.
Effects of dispersing media on the rheological and tribological properties of basil seed mucilage‐based thickened liquids
Authors: Kongjaroen Akapong , Gamonpilas Chaiwut , Methacanon Pawadee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of thickening powders for the management of dysphagia is imperative due to the rapid growth of aging population and prevalence of the dysphagia. One promising thickening agent that can be used to formulate dysphagia diets is basil seed mucilage (BSM). This work investigates the effects of dispersing media, including water, milk, skim milk, and apple juice, on the rheological and tribological properties of the BSM‐thickened liquids. Shear rheology results revealed that the thickening ability of BSM in these media in ascending order is milk < skim milk ≈ apple juice < water. On the other hand, extensional rheology demonstrated that the longest filament breakup time was observed when BSM was dissolved in milk, followed by skim milk, water, and apple juice. Furthermore, tribological measurements showed varying lubrication behavior, depending on the BSM concentration and dispersing media. Dissolution of BSM in apple juice resulted in the most superior lubrication property compared with that in other dispersing media. Overall, this study provides insights on BSM's application as a novel gum‐based thickening powder in a range of beverages and emphasizes how important it is for consumers to have clear guidance for the use of BSM in dysphagia management.
A Real‐world Study of Denosumab For Reducing Refracture Risk after Percutaneous Vertebral Augmentation
Authors: Zou Jun , Zhang Yijian , Niu Junjie , Song Dawei , Huang Zhenna , Li Zongjie , Liu Tao , Meng Bin , Shi Qin , Zhu Xuesong , Yang Huilin 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the use of anti‐osteoporotic agents and refracture incidence in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) following percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) and to evaluate the real‐world treatment of patients using denosumab following PVA. This study aims to provide spine surgeons with empirical insights derived from real‐world scenarios to enhance the management of bone health in OVCF patients.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was based on data from the MarketScan and Optum databases from the USA. Female patients aged 55–90 years who underwent PVA for OVCF between January 2013 and March 2020 were included and followed up from the day after surgery. Patients who received at least one dose of denosumab were included in the denosumab cohort and were further divided into the on‐treatment and off‐treatment groups according to whether they received a second dose of denosumab, with follow‐up beginning on the index day (225 days after the first denosumab dose). In this study, the off‐treatment group was considered as the control group. Refracture incidence after PVA, the proportion of patients using anti‐osteoporotic agents in the total study population, and refracture incidence after the index day in the denosumab cohort were analyzed.ResultsA total of 13,451 and 21,420 patients from the MarketScan and Optum databases, respectively, were included. In the denosumab cohort, the cumulative incidence of clinical osteoporotic fractures within 3 years after the index day was significantly lower in the on‐treatment group than in the off‐treatment group (MarketScan database: 23.0% vs 39.0%, p = 0.002; Optum database: 28.2% vs 40.0%, p = 0.023). The cumulative incidence of clinical vertebral fractures was also lower in the on‐treatment group than in the off‐treatment group, with a significant difference in the MarketScan database (14.4% vs 25.5%, p = 0.002) and a numerical difference was found in the Optum database (20.2% vs 27.5%, p = 0.084).The proportion of patients using anti‐osteoporotic agents was low at 6 months postoperatively, with only approximately 7% using denosumab and 13%–15% taking oral bisphosphonates.ConclusionPostmenopausal women have a high refracture rate and a low proportion of anti‐osteoporotic drug use after PVA. Continued denosumab treatment after PVA is associated with a lower risk of osteoporotic and clinical vertebral fractures. Therefore, denosumab may be a treatment option for patients with osteoporosis after PVA.
The Differences on the Fatty Infiltration of Paraspinal Muscles between Single‐ and Multiple‐level Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Shen Minjie , Shen Zhijia , Yang Guanyu , Tian Xin , Zhao Hongcheng , Wang Wenhao , Yang Huilin 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveMultiple‐level Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is related to postoperative re‐herniation and low back pain. Although many investigators believed that there is an interdependence between paraspinal muscles degeneration and IDD, few studies focused on the fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles on single‐ and multiple‐level IDD in patients with LDH. This study aims to investigate the difference on the fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles between single‐ and multiple‐levels IDD in patients with LDH. and to explore in patients with LDH whether fatty infiltration is a potential risk factor for multiple‐level IDD.MethodsThis study was conducted as a retrospective observational analysis of 82 patients with LDH from January 1, 2020 to December 30, 2020 in our hospital were enrolled. Twenty‐seven cases had single‐level IDD (Group A), and 55 cases had multiple‐level IDD (Group B). We measured the mean computed tomography (CT) density value of the paraspinal muscles, including multifidus (MF), erector spinae (ES) and psoas muscle (PM) at each disc from L1 to S1. Subgroups were set to further analyze the odds ratio (OR) of fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles in different sex and BMI groups. We measured sagittal angles and analyzed the relationships between these angles and IDD. Finally, we use logistic regression, adjusted for other confounding factors, to investigate whether fatty infiltration is an independent risk factor for multi‐level IDD.ResultsThe average age in multi‐level IDD (51.40 ± 15.47 years) was significantly higher than single‐level IDD (33.37 ± 7.10 years). The mean CT density value of MF, ES and PM in single‐level IDD was significantly higher than multi‐level IDD (all ps < 0.001). There was no significant difference of the mean value of angles between the two groups. No matter being fat (body mass index [BMI] > 24.0 kg/m2) or normal, patients with low mean muscle CT density value of MF and ES are significantly easier to suffer from multiple‐level IDD. In the pure model, the average CT density value of the MF, ES and PM is all significantly associated with the occurrence of multi‐IDD. However, after adjusting for various confounding factors, only the OR of the average CT density value for MF and ES remains statistically significant (OR = 0.810, 0.834, respectively).ConclusionsIn patients with LDH, patients with multiple‐level IDD have more severe fatty infiltration of MF and ES than those with single‐level IDD. Fatty infiltration of MF and ES are independent risk factors for multiple‐level IDD in LDH patients.
‘I need to understand… so we can decide together’: Difficult conversations about alopecia areata
Authors: Tissera Kristin A. , Gorbatenko‐Roth Kristina , Prose Neil S. , Johnson Kirsten 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe management of alopecia areata (AA) in pediatric patients poses unique challenges, particularly regarding treatment discussions and decision making involving both patients and their families. This commentary presents findings from unpublished research on treatment‐discontinuation discussions between AA patients and their treating providers, shedding light on the hopes, expectations, and disappointments of individuals with severe AA. The study explored patient and guardian satisfaction with these discussions, emphasizing the importance of addressing psychosocial concerns, facilitating contact with support groups, and demonstrating empathy. The role of dermatologists in conversations about treatment, prognosis, and quality of life is examined, emphasizing the need for honesty, empathy, and realistic expectations. The authors propose a patient‐centered approach to initiating and guiding discussions, focusing on understanding the impact of AA on patients and their families and collaboratively deciding on treatment options. The mantra: ‘I need to understand how this is affecting all of you, so we can decide together what to do next’ is central to this proposed approach. Special considerations for different scenarios are discussed, highlighting the importance of individualized care and effective communication. Overall, the commentary emphasizes the significance of actively listening, acknowledging emotions, and prioritizing patient and family goals to optimize care for pediatric AA patients.
Nonionizing diagnostic imaging modalities for visualizing health and pathology of periodontal and peri‐implant tissues
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan , AlHadidi Abeer , Vyas Rutvi , Bornstein Michael M. , Watanabe Hiroshi , Tanaka Ray 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRadiographic examination has been an essential part of the diagnostic workflow in periodontology and implant dentistry. However, radiographic examination unavoidably involves ionizing radiation and its associated risks. Clinicians and researchers have invested considerable efforts in assessing the feasibility and capability of utilizing nonionizing imaging modalities to replace traditional radiographic imaging. Two such modalities have been extensively evaluated in clinical settings, namely, ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Another modality, optical coherence tomography (OCT), has been under investigation more recently. This review aims to provide an overview of the literature and summarize the usage of USG, MRI, and OCT in evaluating health and pathology of periodontal and peri‐implant tissues. Clinical studies have shown that USG could accurately measure gingival height and crestal bone level, and classify furcation involvement. Due to physical constraints, USG may be more applicable to the buccal surfaces of the dentition even with an intra‐oral probe. Clinical studies have also shown that MRI could visualize the degree of soft‐tissue inflammation and osseous edema, the extent of bone loss at furcation involvement sites, and periodontal bone level. However, there was a lack of clinical studies on the evaluation of peri‐implant tissues by MRI. Moreover, an MRI machine is very expensive, occupies much space, and requires more time than cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) or intraoral radiographs to complete a scan. The feasibility of OCT to evaluate periodontal and peri‐implant tissues remains to be elucidated, as there are only preclinical studies at the moment. A major shortcoming of OCT is that it may not reach the bottom of the periodontal pocket, particularly for inflammatory conditions, due to the absorption of near‐infrared light by hemoglobin. Until future technological breakthroughs finally overcome the limitations of USG, MRI and OCT, the practical imaging modalities for routine diagnostics of periodontal and peri‐implant tissues remain to be plain radiographs and CBCTs.