bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Mechanism of Carcinogenesis by Human Papillomavirus‐16
Authors: Ishiji Takaoki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) are common DNA viruses in humans. Recently, epithelial cancers associated with HPV infection have been used as models of virus‐induced carcinogenesis. HPVs can be divided into two groups, mucosal and cutaneous. HPV‐16 is the most frequent mucosal type associated with cervical cancer. Although the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis by HPV‐16 have not been completely elucidated, it is apparent that HPV infection is the major risk factor in cervical carcinogenesis. Two viral early genes, E6 and E7, and an upstream regulatory region (URR) are preserved in cervical carcinoma cell lines as well as in clinical samples of cervical cancer, indicating that these regions are important in cancer development. E6 and E7 function as transforming genes. E6 protein binds to and promotes degradation of the tumor suppressor protein, p53, while E7 protein complexes and inactivates the Rb protein; together, they disrupt cell cycle regulation. E6 and E7 are transcribed from a promoter, P97. P97 is regulated by complex interactions between multiple, positive and negative, cellular factors and the viral E2 product. E2 disruption caused by the integration into the cellular genome may induce overexpression of E6 and E7. The E6 and E7 proteins are thought to act as critical factors in cervical carcinogenesis by inactivating the two tumor suppressor proteins, p53 and Rb, which are commonly mutated in other human cancers.
Perianal Cytomegalovirus Ulcer in an HIV Infected Patient: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Nico Marcello Menta Simonsen , Cymbalista Natalia Cymrot , Hurtado Yudy Clemencia Pinzon , Borges Luis Henrique Barbosa 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report the case of a 25‐year‐old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, presenting with perianal ulcer and diarrhea. He had positive immunocytochemical tests for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in circulating polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). The biopsy specimen was suggestive of CMV infection, and specific immunoperoxidase for CMV antigens positively stained endothelial cells and fibroblasts. In this report we review cutaneous CMV infection in immunocompromised patients.
Idiopathic Calcinosis of the Areola of the Nipple
Authors: Oh Chang‐Keun , Kwon Kyung‐Sool , Cho Si‐Hyung , Jang Ho‐Sun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIdiopathic calcinosis cutis involving the breast is a rare condition. Previously reported cases were detected by mammography without specific cutaneous findings. We report a case of idiopathic calcinosis of the areola of the nipple in a 32‐year‐old Korean woman that has unique clinical features resembling scrotal calcinosis.
Trichoepithelioma Papulosum Multiplex
Authors: Centurión Santiago A. , Schwartz Robert A. , Lambert W. Clark 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTrichoepithelioma papulosum multiplex is an uncommon autosomal dominant disorder in which multiple trichoepitheliomas are seen. Its cause may be a defective tumor suppressor gene. Studies have mapped this gene to the 9p21 locus. However, there is a parallel or identical syndrome of multiple trichoepitheliomas and cylindromas. Within a given family, some members may have cyclindromas whereas others may have trichoepitheliomas or a combination of both. Although preliminary evidence suggests a different gene is responsible, it is possible that TPM may be caused by more than two independent genes, with some cases of TPM due to impairment of the gene for cylindromatosis. This entity, as well as other disorders with multiple appendageal tumors, may require clarification and distinction from TPM.
Polymorphisms of HLA‐DR and ‐DQ Genes in Japanese Patients with Bullous Pemphigoid
Authors: Okazaki Aiko , Miyagawa Sachiko , Yamashina Yukio , Kitamura Wataru , Shirai Toshihiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBullous pemphigoid (BP), an autoimmune skin disease of the elderly, is mediated by autoantibodies that bind to hemidesmosomes of epidermal basal cells. This study investigated BP‐associated HLA‐DR and ‐DQ genes among Japanese patients. We analyzed HLA‐DR and ‐DQ genes among 23 Japanese BP patients based on the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism. Eighteen of these 23 patients (78%) carried at least one allele of HLA‐DRB1*04 or DRB1*1101, with significant increases in HLA‐DRB1*04 (*0403, *0406)/DQA1*0301/DQB1*0302 and DRB1*1101/DQA1*0505/DQB1*0302 haplotypes as well as the individual alleles DRB1*1101 and DQB1*0302 (corrected p<0.05 for each comparison), when compared to control subjects. These data differ from the accepted DQB1*0301 (DQ7) association with the same disease among Caucasians. These findings indicate that different HLA class II haplotypes genetically influence susceptibility to BP among different ethnic groups. Our findings, together with previous reports on Caucasian patients with the pemphigoid group of bullous diseases, suggest that HLA‐DRB1 molecules might participate in the regulation of autoimmune responses to BP antigens.
A Case of Allergic Urticaria Caused by Erythritol
Authors: Hino Haruko , Kasai Shinomi , Hattori Naoko , Kenjo Kazutoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA case of allergic urticaria due to erythritol is herein reported. A 24‐year‐old female presented with severe wheals over her whole body. The urticaria occurred after she had drunk a glass of canned milk‐tea. When the cause of her skin reaction was examined, it was found that the drink contained erythritol; this was determined to have caused her urticaria. Erythritol has recently been used as an artificial sweetener in many kinds of foods and drinks because it contains no calories. Food and drink additives should thus be included in the differential diagnosis of allergic urticaria.
Enhancement of Adenovirus‐Mediated Gene Transfer into Dermal Fibroblasts In vitro and In vivo by Polyethylene Glycol 6000
Authors: Ohsawa Tokuya , Nakamura Takafumi , Mihara Motoyuki , Sato Kenzo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractGene therapy directed to the skin requires efficient transfer of the desired gene into cutaneous cells. In this study, we examined several chemical substances present in various ointments by enhancement of virus infectivity. The recombinant adenovirus vector, Ax‐CALacZ, was used to infect dermal fibroblasts with some chemicals both in vitro and in vivo, and the expression of the LacZ gene was determined by X‐Gal reaction. As the result, it was shown that PEG 6000 had the highest ability to enhance the exogenous gene expression in cultured fibroblasts with little toxicity. In vivo, it was also demonstrated that fibroblasts in mouse skin were efficiently gene transfer by adenovirus vector and 20% PEG 6000‐treatment. These results suggest that this chemical treatment appears to be a simple, safe, convenient, and effective method for facilitating virus‐mediated gene therapy in the skin.
Sporotrichoid Dermatosis Caused by Mycobacterium abscessus from a Public Bath
Authors: Lee Woong Jae , Kim Tae Won , Shur Ki Beom , Kim Bum Joon , Kook Yoon Hoh , Lee Jeung Hoon , Park Jang Kyu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractInfections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are usually associated with immunocompromised states. More recently, however, NTM infections are being diagnosed with greater frequency in patients lacking traditional risk factors. However, cutaneous infection with rapidly growing mycobacteria is uncommon, and diagnosis may be difficult.Herein we present a case of sporotrichoid dermatosis on both forearms caused by Mycobacterium abscessus in a 34‐year‐old female (case 1). Mycobacterium abscesus was identified by culture as a colorless colony with rapid growth and by comparative sequence analysis of the rpoB gene. The patient was suspected to have been infected in a public bath in which she worked, it was located in a famous hot spring area in Korea. The condition was first noticed after she had been working in the bath for two years and after another employee (case 2) suffered similar lesions which had responded to treatment. The patient's skin lesions were successfully treated with anti‐tuberculous drugs for six months.
Two Cases of Multiple Giant Pilomatricoma
Authors: Jang Ho‐Sun , Park Jung‐Hum , Kim Mun‐Bum , Kwon Kyung‐Sool , Oh Chang‐Keun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPilomatricoma is a skin appendage tumor manifestating as a firm, solitary lesion of the face and upper extremity. It generally measures 0.5 to 3.0 cm in diameter and is typically found in young people. We report a 29‐year‐old male and a 13‐year‐old girl who developed three and two protruding masses, respectively. The size of each tumor was larger than 5 cm. The histologic appearance showed sharply demarcated tumor lobules composed of eosinophilic shadow cells and basaloid cells. We describe two unusual cases of multiple giant pilomatricomas and review the literature, emphasizing the number and size.
A Case of Adult T‐Cell Lymphoma Leukemia with Hemophagocytic Syndrome
Authors: Inoue Yuji , Johno Masayoshi , Matuoka Masao , Zushou Ye , Ono Tomomichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 62‐year‐old Japanese woman was admitted to our clinic with virus‐associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) in subcutaneous adult T‐cell lymphoma leukemia (ATLL). Bone marrow aspiration showed hypocellularity, histiocytic hyperplasia, and hemophagocytosis. There was serological evidence of chronic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) initially improved by some treatments, and the patient later experienced remission several times, but the CMV infection persisted. Most cases of non‐tumorous HPS in adults are associated with viral or bacterial infection, and underlying diseases in non‐tumorous HPS are mostly blood diseases, especially T‐cell lymphoma (1,2), but ATLL is a rare underlying disease in such cases.
Combination Effect of Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapy on Experimental Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma in C3H/HeN Mice
Authors: Jin Zhao‐hui , Miyoshi Norio , Ishiguro Kazumori , Umemura Shin‐ichiro , Kawabata Ken‐ichi , Yumita Nagahiko , Sakata Isao , Takaoka Keigo , Udagawa Takeshi , Nakajima Susumu , Tajiri Hisao , Ueda Keiichi , Fukuda Masaru , Kumakiri Masanobu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe studied a combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) for improving tumoricidal effects in a transplantable mouse squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) model. Two sensitizers were utilized: the pheophorbide‐a derivative PH‐1126, which is a newly developed photosensitizer, and the gallium porphyrin analogue ATX‐70, a commonly used sonosensitizer. Mice were injected with either PH‐1126 or ATX‐70 i.p. at doses of 5 or 10 mg/kg.bw. At 24 (ATX‐70) or 36 hr (PH‐1126) (time of optimum drug concentration in the tumor) after injection, SCCs underwent laser light irradiation (88 J/cm2 of 575 nm for ATX‐70; 44 J/cm2 of 650 nm for PH‐1126) (PDT), ultrasound irradiation (0.51 W/cm2 at 1.0 MHz for 10 minutes) (SDT), or a combination of the two treatments. The combination of PDT and SDT using either PH‐1126 or ATX‐70 as a sensitizer resulted in significantly improved inhibition of tumor growth (92–98%) (additive effect) as compared to either single treatment (27–77%). The combination using PH‐1126 resulted in 25% of the treated mice being tumor free at 20 days after treatment. Moreover, the median survival period (from irradiation to death) of PDT + SDT‐treated mice (>120 days) was significantly greater than that in single treatment groups (77–95 days). Histological changes revealed that combination therapy could induce tumor necrosis 2–3 times as deep as in either of the single modalities. The combination of PDT and SDT could be very useful for treatment of non‐superficial or nodular tumors.
E‐cadherin Expression in Skin Tumors Using an AMeX Immunohistostaining Method
Authors: Koseki Shin , Ansai Shinichi , Aoki Takehiko , Hozumi Yutaka , Mitsuhashi Yoshihiko , Kondo Shigeo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe AMeX (acetone‐methylbenzoate‐xylene) method results in good preservation of tissue and morphological details, almost equivalent to that of routinely processed formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissue specimens, and of antigenicity equivalent to that of fresh frozen tissue specimens. It has been reported that the expression of the cell‐cell adhesion molecule E‐cadherin is often decreased in some types of carcinomas. A decrease in E‐cadherin expression is associated with the invasive or metastatic potential of tumor cells. We immunohistochemically examined the expression of E‐cadherin with anti‐E‐cadherin monoclonal antibody in various skin tumors (25 basal cell carcinomas, 11 squamous cell carcinomas, 9 keratoacanthomas, and 11 Bowen's disease) using the AMeX method and found that this method preserved antigenicity well without pretreatment. E‐cadherin expression was decreased in 18.2% of squamous cell carcinomas and 33.3% of keratoacanthomas. On the other hand, it was preserved in almost all Bowen's disease and basal cell carcinomas. From the results of our study, we suggest that Bowen's disease and basal cell carcinoma do not have much metastatic potential due to retention of high levels of E‐cadherin expression. We hope to apply the AMeX method to other immunohistochemical examinations because this is a very useful staining method.
The Bacteriology of Acne Vulgaris and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolated from Acne Lesions
Authors: Nishijima Setsuko , Kurokawa Ichiro , Katoh Naoki , Watanabe Kunitomo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe examined the species of bacteria aerobically and anaerobically isolated from 30 acne lesions and determined antimicrobial susceptibilities of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) using nine antimicrobial agents. Among the bacteria isolated, S. epidermidis was most dominant. Both P. acnes and S. epidermidis were isolated from half of the acne lesions. The MIC of seven antimicrobials (ampicillin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, minocycline, nadifloxacin) against P. acnes was under 3.13 μg/ml. There were very few resistant strains of P. acnes, but many of S. epidermidis. More than 30% of the S. epidermidis isolates were resistant to erythromycin, roxithromycin, and clindamycin. After long‐term systemic antibiotic therapy, the resistant strains of S. epidermidis increased, but P. acnes resistance was still limited. When we use antimicrobial agents for the treatment of acne, it should be noticed that not only P. acnes but also S. epidermidis in the acne lesions may acquire resistance to antimicrobials.
Vitiligo Skin Types in Koreans
Authors: Ahn Jong Seong , Lim Jeong Gu , Kim Sang Duck , Kim Kyu Han , Park Kyoung Chan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThere is uncertainty and controversy about the relationship between skin type and development of vitiligo. The present study was undertaken to study whether vitiligo patients have a different skin type than the control group. We investigated the skin types of 201 Korean vitiligo patients and 70 healthy Korean volunteers. Skin type was determined by the skin phototyping method proposed by Fitzpatrick. Compared to normal controls, skin type II was significantly less frequent and skin type V was quite common in the vitiligo group. These results suggest that people with dark skin have a higher probability of developing vitiligo than people with light skin.
A Case of Giant Pencil‐Core Granuloma
Authors: Yoshitatsu Sumiko , Takagi Tadashi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAlthough pencil injury is a common occurrence, only six cases of so‐called pencil‐core granuloma have been reported. All of these granulomas were relatively small, and most of them simulated malignant melanoma. We report a giant pencil‐core granuloma that developed on a patient's right palm. Its gross appearance was quite different from that of other cases previously reported; it was much larger and resembled a hemangioma.
A Case of Anaphylaxis Due to Ibuprofen
Authors: Takahama Hideto , Kubota Yasuo , Mizoguchi Masako 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA forty‐four‐year‐old Japanese female, who had persistant rhinorrhea, was administered Benza block tabletsR orally along with two other medicines. Immediately after ingestion, the patient displayed itching of the right upper eyelid, followed by coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, nausea, vomiting, swelling of the face, and dyspnea. She had edema, a wheal extending from the face to the neck, and swelling of the eyelids and lips. Her symptoms subsided after treatment. Her reaction to ibuprofen, which was contained in the Benza Block tabletsR was confirmed by a positive reaction to prick testing. From the results of these examinations, our patient was diagnosed as having anaphylaxis due to the ibuprofen in the Benza Block tabletsR. A review of the literature revealed no previous reports of anaphylaxis due to ibuprofen, although a few cases of ibuprofen urticaria have been reported.
Detection of Mycobacterial DNA in Cervical Granulomatous Lymphadenopathy from Formalin‐Fixed, Paraffin‐Embedded Tissue by PCR
Authors: Kwon Kyung‐Sool , Oh Chang‐Keun , Jang Ho‐Sun , Lee Chae‐Wook , Jun Eun‐Sook 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is the most common form of inflammatory neck mass in Korea. The diagnosis of tuberculosis requires proof of the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by acid‐fast staining or bacterial growth in culture. However, these are often difficult in cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for detection of mycobacteria in routinely processed tissue sections of cervical granulomatous lymphadenopathy. In this retrospective study, twenty formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded biopsy specimens from clinically and/or histopathologically diagnosed cervical granulomatous lymphadenopathy were analyzed for mycobacterial DNA by PCR. Two different primers to amplify mycobacterial‐common 383‐base pair (bp) DNA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis‐complex‐specific 123‐bp DNA were used. Positive PCR products were sequenced directly. Mycobacterial‐common DNA (383‐bp positive) was found in 10 of the 20 cases. Among them, 7 cases were PCR positive with both primer sets. These seven cases can be considered as tuberculosis. The other three cases indicated possible atypical mycobacteriosis. PCR is a useful technique for the demonstration of mycobacterial DNA fragments in patients with clinically suspected cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis who have acid fast‐negative histology and/or unsuccessful mycobacterial cultures.
Double Involvement of Extramammary Paget's Disease in the Genitalia and Axilla
Authors: Inui Shigeki , Fukuhara Saho , Asada Hideo , Tadokoro Taketsugu , Yoshikawa Kunihiko , Itami Satoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe here reported a case of an 82‐year‐old man with double involvement of extramammary Paget's disease in the genitalia and axilla. Physical examination revealed erythema and reddish tumors on the pubic area and scrotum and irregular‐shaped erythema on the left axilla. The skin biopsy sample from the genital area showed Paget's cells in the epidermis and upper dermis. The specimen from the left axilla showed Paget's cells scattered in the epidermis but not in the dermis.
Common Contact Sensitizers in Delhi
Authors: Singhal Vivek , Reddy Belum Siva Nagi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSeventy‐five patients of both sexes with clinically suspected contact dermatitis were patch tested with the Indian Standard Series and indigenous antigens. The results were compared with the data from other centers. Most of these patients were young adults between 20 and 39yrs old with the mean age of 36.63±5.6yrs. Their occupational profiles included household workers (17.33%), masons (10.66%), farmers (6.66%), factory workers (4%), medical personnel (4%), lab workers (2.66%), and miscellaneous (17.33%). Itching and burning were two of the most common complaints, and chronic dermatitis was the predominant morphologic pattern of the lesions observed. Frequent sites involved included the hands (40.83%), airborne type (22.44%), hands and feet (12.24%), feet (12.24%), face (10.2%), and neck (2.04%). Patch test analysis of these patients revealed that, out of 75 subjects tested, 49 (65.3%) reacted to one or more allergens. Parthenium (20%) is the most common contact sensitizer followed by potassium dichromate (16%), xanthium (13.33%), nickel sulphate (12%), chrysanthemum (8%), mercaptobenzothiazole, and garlic (6.66% each). These findings are in broad conformity with those in other reports. We concluded that the Indian Standard Series of antigens with the addition of a few more (such as garlic, onion and chlorheximide of local relevance) is suitable for detecting the allergens responsible for the contact dermatitis prevailing in this region.
Dermatitis Herpetiformis and Vitiligo: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: Amato Laura , Gallerani Isabella , Fuligni Alessandra , Mei Sandra , Fabbri Paolo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe describe the case of a 53‐year‐old woman presenting papulous and papulovesicular lesions that were highly pruritic, localized mostly in the achromic areas of vitiligo and symmetrically distributed on the elbows, the buttocks, the shoulders and the neck. The histopathological examination performed on the elbow's lesional skin showed the presence of neutrophils and fibrin microabscesses at the tips of dermal papillae, with a few eosinophils, and small separations between the dermis and epidermis just over the infiltrate. The overlying epidermis was uninjured. The performed tests detected IgA anti‐endomysium, anti‐thyrogloblin, anti‐smooth muscle and anti‐microsomal fraction autoantibodies; DIF showed the presence of IgA granular deposits at the dermo‐epidermal junction, prevalently at the tips of dermal papillae. This is the tenth case reported of an association between dermatitis herpetiformis and vitiligo. Although the two disorders both have immunological pathogeneses, we think that the topographic coexistence of both disorders is coincidental.
Carcinoma Erysipelatoides Originating from Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Han Man‐Heui , Koh Gwang‐Jin , Choi Jee‐Ho , Sung Kyung‐Jeh , Koh Jai‐Kyoung , Moon Kee‐Chan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCarcinoma erysipelatoides is an uncommon form of cutaneous metastasis, which is most commonly caused by breast carcinoma, it has rarely been linked to the primary cancers of other organs. We report a 36‐year‐old woman with carcinoma erysipelatoides originating from a gastric carcinoma. Immunohistochemical and morphologic studies of skin biopsies revealed that the signet ring cells in the dilated lymphatics originated from adenocarcinoma of the stomach.
Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum with Oral Tripterygium wilfordii Multiglycoside
Authors: Li Lin‐feng 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTwo patients with refractory pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) were treated with oral Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside (TWG). TWG is a Chinese medicine extracted from a medicinal herb, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, and has potent anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. The effect of TWG on PG was demonstrated by clinical findings. Improvement of the lesions occurred within two weeks, and the ulcers healed about a month. Mild side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances were observed in both patients. These side effects were patient‐acceptable, and there was no need to stop the treatment. Transient elevation of serum ALT was observed in one patient; the serum ALT returned completely to normal after the discontinuation of TWG. These results suggest that TWG may be an effective alternative for refractory PG and that careful monitoring of liver function during TWG treatment is necessary.