bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of renal insufficiency on mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Sabroe Jonas Emil , Thayssen Per , Antonsen Lisbeth , Hougaard Mikkel , Hansen Knud Nørregaard , Jensen Lisette Okkels 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease is associated with increased risk of mortality. We examined the impact of moderate and severe renal insufficiency (RI) on short- and long-term mortality among unselected patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods
From January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2010 all patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI were identified. The hazard ratio (HR) for death was estimated using a Cox regression model, controlling for potential confounders. RI was defined as creatinine clearance (CrCl) < 60 mL/min (moderate RI: CrCl ≤30 < 60 mL/min and severe RI: CrCl < 30 mL/min).

Results
The study cohort consisted of 4,116 patients of whom 898 (21.8%) had RI and 3,218 (78.2%) had a CrCl ≥ 60 mL/min. Compared to patients without RI, patients with RI were older, more often female and more likely to have diabetes mellitus, hypertension and to present with a higher Killip class.
Among patients with a preserved kidney function and patients with RI, 30-day all-cause mortality was 3.5% vs. 20.9% (log-rank p < 0.001); 1-year all-cause mortality was 5.7% vs. 29.4% (log-rank p < 0.001); 5-year all-cause mortality was 13.4% vs. 47.4% (log-rank p < 0.001). Moderate and severe RI were associated with higher 1-year mortality compared to patients with a preserved renal function (CrCl ≤30 < 60 mL/min: adjusted HR 2.71 [95% CI 2.09-3.51], p < 0.001), and (CrCl < 30 mL/min: adjusted HR 7.09 [4.82-10.44], p < 0.001).

Conclusion
In unselected STEMI patients treated with primary PCI, moderate and severe RI were associated with increased risk of mortality.
A simple method for gene phasing using mate pair sequencing
Authors: Cradic Kendall W , Murphy Stephen J , Drucker Travis M , Sikkink Robert A , Eberhardt Norman L , Neuhauser Claudia , Vasmatzis George , Grebe Stefan KG 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background
Recessive genes cause disease when both copies are affected by mutant loci. Resolving the cis/trans relationship of variations has been an important problem both for researchers, and increasingly, clinicians. Of particular concern are patients who have two heterozygous disease-causing mutations and could be diagnosed as affected (one mutation on each allele) or as phenotypically normal (both mutations on the same allele). Several methods are currently used to phase genes, however due to cost, complexity and/or low sensitivity they are not suitable for clinical purposes.

Methods
Long-range amplification was used to select and enrich the target gene (CYP21A2) followed by modified mate-pair sequencing. Fragments that mapped coincidently to two heterozygous sites were identified and used for statistical analysis.

Results
Probabilities for cis/trans relationships between heterozygous positions were calculated along with 99% confidence intervals over the entire length of our 10 kb amplicons. The quality of phasing was closely related to the depth of coverage and the number of erroneous reads. Most of the error was found to have been introduced by recombination in the PCR reaction.

Conclusions
We have developed a simple method utilizing massively parallel sequencing that is capable of resolving two alleles containing multiple heterozygous positions. This method stands out among other phasing tools because it provides quantitative results allowing confident haplotype calls.
Modeling the impact of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Chinese infants: an economic analysis of a compulsory vaccination
Authors: Che Datian , Zhou Hua , He Jinchun , Wu Bin 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare, from a Chinese societal perspective, the projected health benefits, costs, and cost-effectiveness of adding pneumococcal conjugate heptavalent vaccine (PCV-7) to the routine compulsory child immunization schedule.MethodsA decision-tree model, with data and assumptions adapted for relevance to China, was developed to project the health outcomes of PCV-7 vaccination (compared with no vaccination) over a 5-year period as well as a lifetime. The vaccinated birth cohort included 16,000,000 children in China. A 2 + 1 dose schedule at US$136.51 per vaccine dose was used in the base-case analysis. One-way sensitivity analysis was used to test the robustness of the model. The impact of a net indirect effect (herd immunity) was evaluated. Outcomes are presented in terms of the saved disease burden, costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.ResultsIn a Chinese birth cohort, a PCV-7 vaccination program would reduce the number of pneumococcus-related infections by at least 32% and would prevent 2,682 deaths in the first 5 years of life, saving $1,190 million in total costs and gaining an additional 9,895 QALYs (discounted by 3%). The incremental cost per QALY was estimated to be $530,354. When herd immunity was taken into account, the cost per QALY was estimated to be $95,319. The robustness of the model was influenced mainly by the PCV-7 cost per dose, effectiveness herd immunity and incidence of pneumococcal diseases. With and without herd immunity, the break-even costs in China were $29.05 and $25.87, respectively.ConclusionsCompulsory routine infant vaccination with PCV-7 is projected to substantially reduce pneumococcal disease morbidity, mortality, and related costs in China. However, a universal vaccination program with PCV-7 is not cost-effective at the willingness-to-pay threshold that is currently recommended for China by the World Health Organization.
LBSapSal-vaccinated dogs exhibit increased circulating T-lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ and CD8+) as well as a reduction of parasitism after challenge with Leishmania infantum plus salivary gland of Lutzomyia longipalpis
Authors: Aguiar-Soares Rodrigo Dian de Oliveira , Roatt Bruno Mendes , Ker Henrique Gama , Moreira Nádia das Dores , Mathias Fernando Augusto Siqueira , Cardoso Jamille Mirelle de Oliveira , Gontijo Nelder Figueiredo , Bruna-Romero Oscar , Teixeira-Carvalho Andréa , Martins-Filho Olindo Assis , Corrêa-Oliveira Rodrigo , Giunchetti Rodolfo Cordeiro , Reis Alexandre Barbosa 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe development of a protective vaccine against canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is an alternative approach for interrupting the domestic cycle ofLeishmania infantum. Given the importance of sand fly salivary proteins as potent immunogens obligatorily co-deposited during transmission ofLeishmaniaparasites, their inclusion in an anti-Leishmaniavaccine has been investigated in the last few decades. In this context, we previously immunized dogs with a vaccine composed ofL. braziliensisantigens plus saponin as the adjuvant and sand fly salivary gland extract (LBSapSal vaccine). This vaccine elicited an increase in both anti-saliva and anti-LeishmaniaIgG isotypes, higher counts of specific circulating CD8+T cells, and high NO production.MethodsWe investigated the immunogenicity and protective effect of LBSapSal vaccination after intradermal challenge with 1 × 107late-log-phaseL. infantumpromastigotes in the presence of sand fly saliva ofLutzomyia longipalpis.The dogs were followed for up to 885 days after challenge.ResultsThe LBSapSal vaccine presents extensive antigenic diversity with persistent humoral and cellular immune responses, indicating resistance against CVL is triggered by high levels of total IgG and its subtypes (IgG1 and IgG2); expansion of circulating CD5+, CD4+, and CD8+T lymphocytes and isLeishmania-specific; and reduction of splenic parasite load.ConclusionsThese results encourage further study of vaccine strategies addressingLeishmaniaantigens in combination with proteins present in the saliva of the vector.
Theoretical Study Demonstrating that Silylene Bridging Brings about LUMO Energy Lowering without Increasing the Reorganization Energy for Single Electron Transfer
Authors: Ohta Eisuke , Ogaki Takuya , Aoki Toru , Ikeda Hiroshi 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Density functional theory calculations were performed on silylene-bridged cyclic tri- and tetrathienylene 1b and 2b. The results show that in comparison to their respective unbridged counterparts 1a and 2a, 1b and 2b have lower LUMO energies but the same reorganization energies for single electron transfer between 1b and 2b and their respective radical anions 1b•− and 2b•−. The observations suggest that silylene bridging of π-conjugated systems can serve as a novel strategy for designing materials for n-type organic semiconductors.
Studies on Synthesis, Characterization, and Functionalization of Poly(3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine)
Authors: Shi Dongjian , Liu Rongjin , Ma Fengduo , Chen Daoyong , Chen Mingqing , Akashi Mitsuru 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In this paper, hyperbranched PDOPA polyester with precise structure was synthesized by thermal polycondensation. PDOPA showed good solubility, degradability, and biocompatibility. Functional polymers based on PDOPA were prepared by reactions of amine groups in PDOPA with pyrenecarboxylic acid and polylactide, respectively. Wide applications of the PDOPA polyester are expected after modified with functional groups.
The existence and boundary behavior of large
solutions to semilinear elliptic equations with nonlinear gradient
terms
Authors: Zhang Zhijun 
Published: February 2014

Abstract.
In this paper, for more general f, g and a, b,
we obtain conditions about the existence and boundary behavior
of solutions to boundary blow-up elliptic problems

▵
u
=
a

(
x
)

g

(
u
)

+

b

(
x
)

f

(
u
)

|
∇
u
|

q

,

x
∈
Ω
,

u
|

∂
Ω

=
+
∞

$
\triangle u=a(x)g(u)+ b(x) f(u)|\nabla u|^q,\quad x\in \Omega ,\quad u|_{\partial \Omega }=+\infty $

and improve and generalize most of the previously
available results in the literature,
where Ω is a bounded domain with smooth boundary
in ℝ
N
,

q
∈
(
0
,
2
]

${q\in (0, 2]}$

,

a
,
b
∈

C
ν

(

Ω
¯

)

${a, b \in C^{\nu }(\overline{\Omega })}$

which are positive in Ω, may be vanishing on the
boundary, and

f
,
g
∈
C

[
0
,
∞
)

∩

C
1

(
0
,
∞
)

${f, g\in C[0, \infty ) \cap C^1(0, \infty ) }$

or

f
,
g
∈

C
1

(
ℝ
)

${f,
g\in C^1(\mathbb {R}) }$

, which are increasing.
Preferential Admission and MBA Outcomes: Mismatch Effects by Race and Gender
Authors: Grove Wayne A. , Hussey Andrew J. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe consider the “mismatch” hypothesis in the context of graduate management education. Both blacks and Hispanics, conditional on a rich set of human capital variables, prior earnings and work experience, and non-cognitive attributes, are favored in admission to top 50 Master of Business Administration (MBA) programs. To test for mismatch effects, we provide two comparisons: (1) comparable individuals (in terms of race, gender, and credentials) at different quality MBA programs and (2) individuals of differing race or gender (but with similar credentials) at comparable MBA programs. Despite admission preferences, blacks and Hispanics enjoy similar or even higher returns to selectivity than whites.
The Politics of Denying Communion to Catholic Elected Officials
Authors: Blake William D. , Friesen Amanda 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn his 2004 presidential campaign, John Kerry, a Catholic, was threatened with being denied Holy Communion because of his pro-choice voting record. This article investigates the extent to which communion denial impacted Catholic elected officials and analyzes public attitudes regarding communion denial for Kerry. The results of our analysis suggest that, despite heavy media coverage, few bishops endorsed the communion denial and few pro-choice Catholic officials were threatened. While the data also indicate there are meaningful political implications for public attitudes on communion denial, the tactic does not command support from many Catholics.
Catholic Partisanship and the Presidential Vote in 2012: Testing Alternative Theories
Authors: Kellstedt Lyman A. , Guth James L. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractCatholics have long been an important force in American electoral politics. Once a vital and loyal component of the New Deal Democratic coalition, Catholics in recent decades have shifted their political loyalties away from the Democratic Party to more of a partisan equilibrium. Indeed, by 2012, the White Catholic vote had become predominantly Republican, even in a year in which a Democrat was re-elected to the White House, and on balance party identification among these voters showed a slight Republican edge. Only the growing contingent of Latino Catholics kept the national vote of the entire religious community closely balanced. Despite widespread agreement among scholars that the partisan behavior of Catholics has changed, there is much less consensus on the nature of that change, its permanence, and its causes. We review the historic patterns of Catholic partisanship and voting behavior, discuss three major perspectives on electoral change among Catholics, and test these perspectives with data drawn from the 2012 National Survey of Religion and Politics, with a rich battery of religious measures. We find that socioeconomic factors, religious perspectives, and issue preferences among Catholics all influence partisanship and vote choice, reducing any true “distinctiveness” of the “Catholic vote.”
The American Catholic Church as a Political Institution
Authors: Theriault Sean M. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn this article, I place the American Catholic Church into a broader historical and global perspective, giving context to both the world in which it operates and the decisions it makes. I argue that several of the decisions that were made by the earliest Church leaders continue to reverberate today. Furthermore, the circumstances under which Catholicism made its way to the New World not only gives meaning to its past path, but provides clues about its future direction. These historical and geopolitical angles must be assessed when evaluating Pope Francis’s challenge to the Vatican, the American Church, and Catholicism around the globe.
Preparation and Characterization of Polyaniline/Hexagonal Boron Nitride Composites
Authors: Çakmakçı Emrah , Madakbaş Seyfullah 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) is one of the most studied conductive polymer with several unique properties and good conductivity. In this study it was aimed to prepare Polyaniline (PANI)/Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) composites. Chemical structures of the composites were characterized by FTIR analysis. Thermal properties of these novel composites were analyzed by TGA and DSC measurements. Glass transition temperatures and char yields of the composites increased with increasing h-BN percentage. FTIR, XRD and UV measurements indicated that the boron atoms in h-BN particles interact with the unpaired electrons in nitrogen atoms of PANI. Dielectric measurements revealed dipolar polarization behavior of the composites.
Topological Investigation of Two-Dimensional Amorphous Materials
Authors: Büchner Christin , Schlexer Philomena , Lichtenstein Leonid , Stuckenholz Stefanie , Heyde Markus , Freund Hans-Joachim 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Real space image data of two-dimensional amorphous networks have
become available in high resolution. We review a number of systems
regarding ring size distribution, pair correlation function and
characteristic structural clusters. We present similarities and
differences that can help identify general descriptors for
amorphousness.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of [Zn3(C2O4)3(4,4'-bipy)4] and its Reorganization at High Temperatures
Authors: Tröbs Lisa , Zimathies Annett , Panne Ulrich , Emmerling Franziska 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The metal organic layered structure catena-(bis(μ2-4,4'-bipyridine)-tris(μ2-oxalato)-bis(4,4'-bipyridine)-tri-zinc(ii))
([Zn3(C2O4)3(4,4'-bipy)4]) was synthesized
mechanochemically applying three different routes. The synthesis
succeeded by i) simultaneously neat grinding the three starting
materials zinc acetate dihydrate, oxalic acid dihydrate and
4,4'bipyridine, ii) grinding two compounds and adding the third
afterwards, independent of the sequence. The products were
characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, gas
adsorption measurements, and scanning electron
microscopy. Temperature-dependent synchrotron XRD measurements
revealed that the monoclinic structure of
[Zn3(C2O4)3(4,4'-bipy)4] rearranges reversibly
to a higher ordered orthorhombic structure
[Zn(C2O4)(4,4'-bipy)] at high temperatures.
Investigation of Molecular Solvents and Ionic Liquids with a Dual Probe
Authors: Strehmel Veronika , Berdzinski Stefan , Strauch Peter , Hoffmann-Jacobsen Kerstin , Strehmel Bernd 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
A dual probe was investigated by UV-Vis, fluorescence, and ESR
spectroscopy. It comprises the pyrene chromophore and the paramagnetic
2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl radical that are covalently
linked together via an ester bridge. The dual probe was used to
investigate molecular solvents of different polarity as well as ionic
liquids bearing either imidazolium or pyrrolidinium cations and
various anions, such as bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide,
tetrafluoroborate, tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate, or
dicyanamide. The dual probe does not show solvatochromism that is
typical for some pyrenes. Furthermore, the dual probe is considerable
less mobile compared to 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl
(TEMPO) without additional substituent as detected by ESR
spectroscopy. This is caused by the bulky pyrenyl substituent bound at
the dual probe resulting in a reduced mobility of the dual probe.
Titanium Dioxide Thin Films Containing Gold-Silver Nanoclusters by Sol–Gel Technique
Authors: Gültekin Aytaç , Sönmezoğlu Savaş 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Pure and Au-Ag nanoclusters-doped TiO2 thin films have been
synthesized by the sol–gel method and the effect of Au-Ag nanoclusters
doping on their structural, morphological and optical properties was
investigated by of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM), and Ultraviolet-Visible-Near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR)
spectrophotometry, respectively. XRD spectrum indicated that all of
TiO2 thin films were polycrystalline anatase with a body-centered
tetragonal structure. SEM images show that all thin films are compact,
dense and adhered well to the substrates. The maximum transmittance
values of pure and TiO2 thin films are over 90% when
Au-Ag nanoclusters concentration is up to 40% doping
level. The optical band gap of the as-grown TiO2 thin films
decreases from 3.63 to 3.31 with increasing dopant
concentration. These results provide some useful references for the
potential application of these thin films in device technology.
A Versatile Approach for a Variety of Amphiphilic Nanoparticles: Semiconductor – Plasmonic – Magnetic
Authors: Dubavik Aliaksei , Lesnyak Vladimir , Gaponik Nikolai , Eychmüller Alexander 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In this work we summarize last achievements of the colloidal synthesis
and applications of different amphiphilic nanoparticles, among which
are semiconductor, metal and metal oxide materials. All these
nanoparticles have been obtained employing polyethylene glycol based
stabilizers which provide compatibility with a wide variety of media
from nonpolar organics to water. Owing to their versatile solubility,
the materials obtained have the ability of spontaneous multiphase
transfer. Moreover, they have been shown to permeate through cell
membranes avoiding endocytosis which makes them particularly
interesting for bio-applications.
A Megváltó Vérrel Éltető Szentháromság Egy Különleges Képtípus Közép-Európában
Authors: Szilárdfy Zoltán 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
A special iconographic interpretation of the Holy Trinity is represented by an engraving kept in the Strahov abbey library of the Premonstratensian canons of Prague. The print was made after Dionysius Strauss' drawing and is the artist's first extant holy image engraved in copperplate. In the monastery of Hradiško u Olomouce Strauss was regarded as the artist of the order respected for the inventiveness of his themes. It is a known fact from 1695 that he presented a painting on the birthday of prior Bernard Wanzke showing the crucified Christ with the Father and the Holy Spirit with lambs feeding on the blood gushing forth from the Son's side. Undoubtedly, the graphic sheet marked “P. Dion. Straus delin. — J. Tscherning sculp.” was made after the lost painting. The words in the banderole above the composition “ut vitam habeant” (that they may have life) are from St John's gospel (Jn 10,10).
A somewhat modified variant of the theme is a copperplate engraving also from the late 17th century by Johann Gaspar Gutwein (1669–1730) who worked in Prague, Brno, Augsburg, Regensburg and Graz. The print marked “J. G. Gutwein sc. Brunae” probably adorned the flyleaf of a book. This precious specimen of my private collection shows an infant angel with clasped hands behind the cross, with a quotation from St Luke's gospel on the banderole falling down by its elbow: “… parata sunt omnia” (all things are now ready, Luke 14,17). The words refer to the feast of the flock of the Saviour. The blood and water from the side of Christ collected in a pearl-shell refer to the life-giving and maintaining sacraments of baptism and the eucharist from which the scrawny lambs will gain strength.
There is a little known 18th century oil painting in the St Maurice Benedictine monastery of Bakonybél. There are no inscriptions, but white lambs are feeding on the life-giving blood which has cleaned them, flowing from Christ's side into a bowl. The tree of paradise with the serpent is in the background to indicate that Christ's sacrifice on the cross was made in reparation of the original sin: Christ defeated Satan on the cross. This peculiar version of the Holy Trinity representations originated from catholic Moravia in the Tridentine revival of spirituality in Central Europe, as the above described depictions suggest.
Forrás ok a pozsonyi várkút építésének történetéhez
Authors: C. Tóth Norbert 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The epochal study on the construction of the Pozsony (today: Bratislava) castle was published by Jenő Szűcs in 1958. He reconstructed the works and the organization of the work on the basis of the accounts book of the construction he had found and dated to 1434 with convincing arguments. The construction presumably began under the supervision of chief Pozsony administrators István and György Rozgonyi in the early 1420s. The “building office” was headed by the master builder Kunz Schwarz, a citizen of Pozsony, from 1423 to an unknown date. Later he was replaced by a certain Reichard (1429). During the period studied by Jenő Szűcs the complex chores were shared: the leader of the construction was János Berényi Kakas, while the chief master builder was Konrád of Erling. The present paper provides clues from so-far unknown sources as to the exact date (summer 1434) and manner of the construction of the fountain built in the newly constructed Pozsony castle. All the letters in the Appendix were written about the building of the fountain. Two of King and Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund's letters reveal that the construction was financed from the estate of the late Moravian knight Peter Kutej who died in Pozsony captivity. Sigismund's third letter contains particularly important information on the technical details of the construction. The fourth letter by the warden of the Tata castle of the Rozgonyi family inquires from his masters whether he would get the amount to be spent on the Tata castle from the resources set aside for the fountain.