bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1014 – Clinical-immunological Criteria Of Prognosis Of Protracted Course Of Adjustment Disorders
Authors: Nikitina V. , Vetlugina T. , Semke V. 
Published: July 2013

Various adverse factors and stressful situations result on one side in imbalance of immune system and weakening of mechanisms of immune protection, in formation of secondary immune deficiency and somatic pathology, on another - in stabilization of mental functions of the organism and adjustment disorder.Material and methodsWe have conducted clinical-immunological examination of 90 patients with adjustment disorder (F 43.2).ResultsFrom positions of clinical-dynamic approach, adjustment disorders have been differentiated depending on stage of development of disease: neurotic reactions (breakdown of mental adaptation), neurotic states (clinical full-blown states with sufficiently persistent neurotic symptoms and completion of formation of leading syndrome) and protracted states (developments, characterizing transition of the disease into chronic course).Diagnosis of clinical manifestations of secondary immune deficiency has shown increase of incidence rate of allergic and autoimmune syndromes in persons with adjustment disorder with protracted states as compared with previous stages of development of the illness. At this stage, we have more frequently observed combination of several syndromes of immune deficiency.Comparative analysis of immune and hormonal statuses has revealed the most informative indices, which characterize stages of development of adjustment disorders, and namely: total number of T-lymphocytes (CD2+-phenotype), level of serum IgM, indices of spontaneous and stimulated variants of NBT-test, level of cortisol and free thyroxin (T4).ConclusionsTotality of alterations of revealed immunobiological indices is typical for every stage of disease that alongside with clinical signs of immune deficiency allows considering of them as an additional criterion in differential diagnostics of adjustment disorders.
1018 – Long-term Efficacy And Safety Study Of Pregabalin In Subjects With Generalised Anxiety Disorder (gad)
Authors: Kasper S. , Iglesias-García C. , Schweizer E. , Wilson J. , Dubrava S. , Prieto R. , Pitman V.W. , Knapp L. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPregabalin is indicated for the treatment of GAD in adults in Europe. The efficacy and safety of pregabalin for the treatment of adults and elderly patients with GAD has been demonstrated in 6 of 7 short-term clinical trials of 4 to 8 weeks.Aims/objectivesTo characterise the long-term efficacy and safety of pregabalin in subjects with GAD.MethodsSubjects were randomised to double-blind treatment with either high-dose pregabalin (450-600 mg/d), low-dose pregabalin (150-300 mg/d), or lorazepam (3-4 mg/d) for 3 months. Treatment was extended with drug or blinded placebo for a further 3 months.ResultsAt 3 months, mean change from baseline Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) for pregabalin high- and low-dose, and for lorazepam ranged from -16.0 to -17.4. Mean change from baseline Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scores ranged from -2.1 to -2.3 and mean CGI-Improvement (CGI-I) scores were 1.9 for each active treatment group. At 6 months, improvement was retained for all 3 active drug groups, even when switched to placebo. HAM-A and CGI-S change from baseline scores ranged from -14.9 to -19.0 and -2.0 to -2.5, respectively. Mean CGI-I scores ranged from 1.5 to 2.3. The most frequently reported adverse events were insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, headache, and somnolence.ConclusionsEfficacy was observed at 3 months, with maintained improvement in anxiety symptoms over 6 months of treatment. These results are consistent with previously reported efficacy and safety trials of shorter duration with pregabalin and lorazepam in subjects with GAD.This study was funded by Pfizer Inc.
1019 – Safety Of Discontinuation Of Pregabalin After Long-term Treatment In Subjects With Generalised Anxiety Disorder (gad)
Authors: Kasper S. , Iglesias-García C. , Schweizer E. , Wilson J. , Dubrava S. , Prieto R. , Pitman V.W. , Knapp L. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPregabalin is indicated for the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) in adults in Europe. When pregabalin is discontinued, a 1-week (minimum) taper is recommended to prevent potential discontinuation symptoms.Aims/objectivesTo evaluate whether a 1-week pregabalin taper, after 3 or 6 months of treatment, is associated with the development of discontinuation symptoms (including rebound anxiety) in subjects with GAD.MethodsSubjects were randomised to double-blind treatment with low- (150-300 mg/d) or high-dose pregabalin (450-600 mg/d) or lorazepam (3-4 mg/d) for 3 months. After 3 months ~25% of subjects in each group (per the original randomisation) underwent a double-blind, 1-week taper, with substitution of placebo. The remaining subjects continued on active treatment for another 3 months and underwent the 1-week taper at 6 months.ResultsDiscontinuation after 3 months was associated with low mean changes in Physician Withdrawal Checklist (PWC) scores (range: +1.4 to +2.3) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM A) scores (range: +0.9 to +2.3) for each pregabalin dose and lorazepam. Discontinuation after 6 months was associated with low mean changes in PWC scores (range: -1.0 to +3.0) and HAM A scores (range: -0.8 to +3.0) for all active drugs and placebo. Incidence of rebound anxiety during pregabalin taper was low and did not appear related to treatment dose or duration.ConclusionsA 1-week taper following 3 or 6 months of pregabalin treatment was not associated with clinically meaningful discontinuation symptoms as evaluated by changes in the PWC and HAM A rating scales.This study was funded by Pfizer Inc.
1022 – Epistatic Effects Of Bdnf, 5httlpr And Maoa In Interaction With Environmental Adversityon Adolescent Criminality
Authors: Oreland L. , Comasco E. , Hallman J. , Aslund C. , Nilsson K. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives and aimsEpistatic effects between gene variants of 5-HTTLPR (L=long, S=short), MAOA-VNTR (L=long, S=short), and BDNF Val/Met have been found with regard to behaviour in experimental animals as well as indicated in human samples in relation to neuroticism and depression. In the present study we studied epistatic effects of the above gene variations in an interaction with environmental adversity on adolescent criminality.MethodsFamily maltreatment, sexual abuse and criminality were measured by self-reports in a Swedish adolescent population-based sample (n=1819). Genomic DNA was isolated from saliva and used for genotyping of the BDNF, the 5-HTT and MAOA genes.ResultsBDNF genotype showed a main effect on adolescent criminality. BDNF also showed a two-way interaction with 5- HTT and Family maltreatment. 5HTT showed two-way interactions with MAOA and Family maltreatment. MAOA also showed a two-way interaction with Family maltreatment. Significant three-way interactions were found for; BDNF-5-HTT-Family maltreatment; BDNF-MAOA-Family maltreatment; BDNF-MAOA-Sexual abuse; and 5HTT-MAOA-Family maltreatment. Significant four-way (G*G*G*E) interactions were found for BDNF-5-HTT-MAOA-Family maltreatment and BDNF-5-HTTMAOA- Sexual abuse, respectively.Boys showed a stronger effect of environmental adversity compared to girls. However, there were no significant sex-gene interactions. Furthermore, the two most genotypically divergent groups, according to expression levels, showed the highest criminality scores (MAOA-LL + 5-HTT-LL + BDNF Val-Val vs. MAOA S/LS + 5-HTT-S/LS + BDNF Val-Met/Met-Met), when exposed to environmental adversity.ConclusionsThere are significant epistatic effects between 5-HTT, MAOA and BDNF genotypes and environmental adversity for criminal behavior. Two distinct “types” can be recognized with regard to genotype.
1027 – Interests Of a Program Of Physical Activity In Patients With Schizophrenia: a Pilot Study
Authors: Chéreau-Boudet I. , Chareyron G. , Blanc O. , Charpeaud T. , Duclos M. , Llorca P.-M. 
Published: July 2013

Compared to the general population, patients with schizophrenia have excess mortality linked to an increase of vascular cardio risk factors and a more sedentary lifestyle. Despite recent recommendations for physical activity, very few studies are devoted to the impact of this type of measurement in schizophrenic patients.We present a study comparing 12 patients with schizophrenia, sedentary, followed in day care hospital, benefiting from a program of physical activity (PAP) with a control group of 8 patients with schizophrenia, which follow standard activities. The PAP runs on 12 weeks 3 sessions structured, by week, for 45 minutes. In pre and post PAP, (V1 and V2), clinical (BMI, waist circumference (TT), blood pressure), biological (glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides), psychiatric (PANSS) and physical evaluations were conducted.Patients, 15 men and 5 women, are aged 43,00 ± 9.00 years. Compared with controls, the PAP show a significant reduction in weight (p = 0. 001), BMI (p = 0. 006) and TT (p = 0. 002). A significant decrease in the intensity of negative symptoms have been tested between control and PAP group. A significant increase in aerobic capacity, muscular strength of lower limbs and flexibility was tested PAP and control. Attendance to the PAP, on the set of sessions in summer of 100%.These results are in favour of developping physical activity for its effect on biological and clinical factors; this exploratory study has to be tested in a more straight methodology with a larger number of patients.
1038 – Perfectionism And Body Shape Concerns In Female Students With Dysfunctional Eating Attitudes And Behaviour
Authors: Batinic B. , Lazarevic J. , Vukosavljevic-Gvozden T. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction and backgroundBefore fulfilling the criteria for anorexia nervosa syndrome, many young females already display symptoms of dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviour. If also accompanied by increased perfectionism and body shape concerns and dissatisfaction, this can indicate a high-risk group for eating psychopathology.MethodThe study group consisting of 45 randomly selected female students of University of Belgrade, mean age of 22.27 years (min 19, max 27), scored above the cut-off of 30 on the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-40), indicating symptoms of anorexia nervosa.The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), which measures different dimensions of perfectionism, and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), which evaluates body concerns and dissatisfaction, were applied, and the Quetelet Index (QI) was calculated.ResultsDescriptive statistics indicate as follows: EAT (M=42.71; SD=13.541), FMPS (M=104.80; SD=14.609), BSQ (M=100.69; SD=29.215), QI (M=21.21; Min 15.64, Max 29.38). Only 24.4% (N=11) of the students were not concerned with body shape. 80% of the study group were of normal weight, 11.1% were underweight, 8.9% were obese, and one member of the group (2.2%) had QI=15.64, indicating anorexia nervosa syndrome. Correlation analysis indicates that there is a positive correlation (r=,393) between perfectionism scores and concerns about body shape (p< 0.01).ConclusionsOur results confirm previous research on the positive correlation between perfectionism and body shape concerns in females with disturbed eating attitudes and behaviour.This means that these features should be systematically assessed in female students and focus be given to prevention campaigns against eating psychopathology.
1041 – The Incidence, Resource Utilization And Financial Costs Of Treating Children With Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder (adhd) In The United Kingdom (uk)
Authors: Holden S.E. , Setyawan J. , Coghill D. , Hodgkins P. , Currie C.J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionADHD is a common disorder that often presents in childhood and is associated with increased healthcare resource use.Objectives/aimsTo evaluate ADHD incidence and estimate resource utilization and costs of care in the UK.MethodsThe Clinical Practice Research Datalink was searched between 1998 and 2010 for patients aged 6-17 years, newly diagnosed with ADHD. Age- and sex-matched, controls were also identified (ratio 1:3). ADHD incidence was calculated as the number of incident cases/100,000 people (/100k) in the at-risk population. Resource utilization in the first year post-diagnosis was estimated for general practice (GP) contacts, investigations, drug treatments, outpatient appointments, and inpatient admissions. Monetary costs were derived from various sources (at 2011 prices).Results2,873 subjects with ADHD and 6,598 matched controls were identified. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 9.8 (2.8) years and most (87%) were boys. The incidence of ADHD amongst boys and girls, respectively, increased from 69/100k and 7/100k in 1998 to 132/100k and 24/100k in 2007, and then fell to 98/100k and 20/100k in 2010. The mean (SD) annual, cost was £1,291 (£2,121) for cases and £315 (£2,345) for controls. For cases and controls, respectively, annual costs comprised GP contacts (£199, £70), investigations (£10, £8), drug treatments (£306, £37), outpatient appointments (£572, £62) and inpatient admissions (£203, £139).ConclusionsThe incidence of ADHD increased between 1998 and 2007, then declined slightly in 2010. Medical costs in the first year post-diagnosis were notably higher in children with ADHD compared with controlsFundingShire Development LLC.
1044 – A Prospective Comparison Between Formerly And Never Violent Patients Living In Psychiatric Residential Facilities
Authors: de Girolamo G. , Candini V. , Buizza C. , Giobbio G.M. , Maggi P. , Greppo S. , Boero M.E. , Melegari A. , Goldschmidt N. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPersons with severe mental disorders and a history of violent offending are usually seen as a difficult-tomanage population: most have schizophrenia or severe affective disorders, while some suffer from severe personality disorders.AimsTo investigate the sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related characteristics of a sample of patients living in RFs with a history of antisocial behaviour (‘violent’ group); to compare the characteristics of the ‘violent’ group with residents never violent; and to compare the rate of violent behaviour in the two groups over two years and to assess the likelihood of discharge in the two groups.MethodsThis is prospective observational cohort study involved 23 RFs of the St John of God Order in Northern Italy. The sample was divided into two groups: non-violent patients and ‘violent’ patients. The last included patients at last one time admitted in FMH or arrested for violent crimes or acted violent behaviors against people.For each inpatient was filled out a “Patient Schedule”: socio-demographic and clinical data were collected, including a specific session to assess aggressive behavior lifetime and in the last year.ResultsThe study involved 403 patients: 89 ‘violents’ and 314 non-violent. ‘Violent’ group was mainly male, younger, with a prevalence of personality disorders. Coherently, in the group of ‘violent’ there were more people lifetime arrested and admitted to a FMH.DiscussionThere are some differences in the monitoring of violent behavior in the two years of assessment. We observed more threatening, slap, punch, inappropriate sexual harassment, etc. in the ‘violents’ group.
1051 – Lurasidone In The Treatment Of Early-stage Schizophrenia: a Post-hoc Analysis Of Three Pooled Acute Treatment Studies
Authors: Lieberman J.A. , Pikalov A. , Hsu J. , Cucchiaro J. , Werner P. , Grossman F. , Loebel A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionLurasidone has demonstrated efficacy treating adults with schizophrenia, the majority of them with chronic, multi-episode schizophrenia.ObjectiveTo assess baseline characteristics and evaluate efficacy of lurasidone in patients with early-stage schizophrenia (ESS).AimsEvaluate efficacy of lurasidone in patients with ESS.MethodsA pooled analysis of patients with ESS (defined as onset of illness within 3 years of study entry) from three, 6-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials was performed. Additional analysis was conducted for patients with onset within 5 years. Efficacy was evaluated using a mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of change in PANSS total score and CGISeverity score. Treatment response was defined as ≥20% improvement in PANSS total score from baseline.Results857 subjects were randomized to lurasidone and 366 to placebo of which 102(11.9%) lurasidone and 44(12.0%) placebo subjects had ESS (onset within 3 years). Among 146 ESS subjects, 70.5% were male, mean age was 28.6 years. Baseline PANSS total and CGI-S scores were 96.8 and 5.0 respectively. Lurasidone treatment of early-stage schizophrenia subjects showed significant improvement vs placebo in PANSS total score (-25.9 vs -17.3; p< 0.05, effect size=0.42), PANSS positive (-9.6 vs 6.0; p< 0.01) and negative (-5.6 vs -3.2; p=0.014) subscale scores, and improvement in CGI-S score (-1.7 vs -1.3; p=0.089, effect size=0.36). Responder rates were 69% for lurasidone vs 48% for placebo (NNT=5). Similar results were observed in subjects with within 5 years of onset of illness.ConclusionIn this subgroup analysis, lurasidone was effective in the treatment of patients with early-stage schizophrenia.
1068 – The Influence Of Family And School Environment On The Development Of Social Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Bracik J. , Zaczek A. , Krysta K. , Krupka-Matuszczyk I. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe prevalence of Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is believed to be underestimated, although it is a very common condition. The subjects suffering from it often have trouble to search for support. The onset occurs mainly in early adolescence.ObjectivesThe aim of this paper was to evaluate the impact of school and family background on the development of SAD.MethodsOur questionnaire available on a popular social network site, was divided into 4 parts:1)demographic data (gender, age, site of residence),2)genetic and organic background (comorbid mental disorders, addictions),3)situation at school and in the family environment during adolescence,4)the part designed to define the group that may suffer from SAD with the use of the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini- SPIN).Results226 people were recruited. The age range was 16–61, with the average of 25,8. 71% of the respondents lived in cities with a population of more than 100 000. Male to female ratio was 3:1. According to Mini-SPIN 26,5% of the interviewees might suffer from SAD (28.2% of women and 21.4% of men). Our study showed, that both family and school environment factors have an influence on the development of SAD.ConclusionsThe amount of internet community users that are likely to suffer from SAD, significantly exceeds the clinical data. Both family and school environment factors were shown to be risk factors for the development of this disorder.
1096 – Safety, Tolerability And Treatment Response With Flexible Doses Of Paliperidone Palmitate In Non-acute Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Schreiner A. , Hargarter L. , Bergmans P. , Cherubin P. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveTo explore tolerability, safety and treatment response of flexible doses of paliperidone palmitate in adult non-acute patients with schizophrenia previously unsuccessfully treated with oral antipsychotics.MethodsInterim analysis of a prospective 6-month, open-label study. Outcomes were change in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score, Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S) and patient functioning (Personal and Social Performance Scale; PSP) from baseline to endpoint, weight change and adverse events (AEs).ResultsOf the first 403 patients enrolled (63.3% male, mean age 39.4±12.0 years). 74.4% completed the study. Most frequent reasons for discontinuation were subject choice (10.7%), and AE (5.5%). The recommended initiation regimen was administered in 94.0% of subjects. Mean PANSS total score decreased from 71.9±15.2 at baseline to 60.8±18.4 at endpoint (mean change -11.1±15.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]-12.6;-9.6; p< 0.0001); 61.2% of the patients showed an improvement of ≥20% in PANSS total score. The percentage of patients rated mildly ill or less in CGI-S increased from 33.2% to 62.1%. Patient functioning improved from a mean PSP baseline score of 57.9±13.7 to 65.2±15.3 at endpoint (95%CI of change 6.0; 8.7; p< 0.0001). AEs reported in ≥5% were injection site pain (13.9%), insomnia (7.9%), anxiety (6.9%), psychotic disorder (5.7%) and somnolence (5.2%). Mean weight change from baseline to endpoint was 1.4±5.2kg (95%CI 0.8; 1.9).ConclusionThese data support results from recent randomized controlled studies that flexibly dosed paliperidone palmitate is safe, well tolerated and associated with a clinically relevant treatment response in non-acute patients with schizophrenia previously unsuccessfully treated with oral antipsychotics.
1102 – Suicidal Intent Is Increased In Suicide Attempters With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder After Childhood Abuse
Authors: Lopez-Castroman J. , Jaussent I. , Guillaume S. , Beziat S. , Olié E. , Baca-Garcia E. , Malafosse A. , Courtet P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the experience of childhood maltreatment have been independently associated with a higher risk for suicide attempts.ObjectivesTo investigate if PTSD diagnoses following childhood abuse are correlated with markers of suicide severity, such as the age at the first suicide attempt, the number of attempts or the suicidal intent.MethodsWe studied a sample of 726 suicide attempters. Lifetime clinical diagnoses and history of childhood abuse were registered. The association of PTSD and childhood abuse dimensions with age at first suicide attempt, number of suicide attempts and suicide intent was studied. An adjusted multinomial logistic regression was performed to ascertain if combined childhood abuse and PTSD increased the severity of the suicidal behavior.ResultsSeveral types of childhood abuse (emotional, physical and sexual abuse) when combined with a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD showed an increased risk for more suicide attempts and a higher level of suicidal intent compared with the absence of any or both risk factors.ConclusionsThe combination of PTSD and childhood abuse should be investigated in clinical settings due to an augmented risk for more severe suicidal behavior.[Suicide intent associated with PTSD and/or abuse]