bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of ‘angle of progression’ in prediction of delivery mode
Authors: Marsoosi Vajiheh , Pirjani Reihaneh , Mansouri Baharak , Eslamian Laleh , Jamal Ashraf , Heidari Reza , Rahimi‐Foroushani Abbas 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of the ‘angle of progression’ (AOP) in the prediction of vaginal delivery.Material and MethodsIn this prospective study, we followed 70 singleton pregnant women. AOP was measured at admission time and also at the beginning of the second stage immediately after digital examination. Digital and ultrasound examiners were unaware of each other's results. The digital examiner decided on the delivery mode based on clinical assessment.ResultsSixty‐five (92.9%) women had vaginal delivery. In the first stage of labor, the area under the curve was 87.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 77.9–97.1; P = 0.005) for the AOP and 85.5% (95%CI, 75.2–95.6; P = 0.009) for digital examination and in the second stage of labor, the area under the curve was 90.2% (95%CI, 81–99.3; P = 0.003) for the AOP and 94.9% (95%CI, 89.1–100; P = 0.001) for digital examination. An AOP of ≥113° at the second stage was associated with a 90.8% probability of vaginal delivery.ConclusionWe found a significant relation between AOP and cervical dilatation during the first stage of labor. A larger angle at the beginning of the second stage was significantly associated with shorter time to delivery.
Color Stability of CAD/CAM Fabricated Inlays after Accelerated Artificial Aging
Authors: Karaokutan Isil , Yilmaz Savas Tuba , Aykent Filiz , Ozdere Eda 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the influence of accelerated artificial aging on the color stability of three different inlay restorations produced with a CAD/CAM system.Materials and MethodsThirty non‐carious human mandibular molar teeth were used. The teeth were embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin blocks. Standard Class I inlay cavities were prepared, and the teeth were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10) to fabricate inlay restorations: (1) a feldspathic‐ceramic group, (2) a resin nano‐ceramic group, and (3) a leucite glass‐ceramic group. Optical impressions were made with CEREC software, and the restorations were designed and then milled. The inlays were adhesively cemented with a dual‐polymerizing resin cement and left in distilled water at room temperature for 1 week. Color measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer before and after accelerated aging in a weathering machine with a total energy of 150 kJ/m2. Changes in color (∆E, ∆L, ∆a, ∆b, ∆C) were determined using the CIE L*a*b* system. The results were assessed using a one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (p = 0.05).ResultsThe color changes of the materials ranged from 2.1 to 9.29. The highest color change was seen in the resin nano‐ceramic material. This change was not clinically acceptable (∆E > 5.5). No significant differences were found in the ∆L and ∆a values of the test groups.ConclusionsColor changes were observed in each evaluated material after accelerated aging. All CAD/CAM inlays became darker in appearance, more saturated, a little reddish, and more yellow.
Cortot's Berceuse
Authors: Leech‐Wilkinson Daniel 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTAlfred Cortot's 1920 recording of Chopin's Berceuse has some unusual properties – illustrated here in a discussion of the relationships among rubato, loudness, variation form and melody – which shed new light on the score and exemplify the pianist's ability to trigger embodied metaphor with unusual intensity. Comparisons with other recordings are made, and Jeffrey Kallberg's image of the Berceuse as a music box is considered in relation to the layout of the score and Cortot's performance. Drawing on the work of Antonio Cascelli, I compare Schenker's and Cortot's readings of melodic structure, which demonstrate the ecological validity of Cortot's construction. Some of the many respects in which analysis depends upon performance are discussed, as is the likelihood of very different performances in the future and the expectation that analysis will adapt itself to changing approaches to performance. The article is illustrated by Sonic Visualiser analyses presented as YouTube videos.
Association between CCDC132, FDX1 and TNFSF13 gene polymorphisms and the risk of IgA nephropathy
Authors: Niu Dan , Ren Yongchao , Xie Liyi , Sun Jiping , Lu Wanhong , Hao Yaning , Zhang Yali , Yin Aiping , Li Huixian , Lv Jia , Li Shengbin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimPrevious genome‐wide association studies have identified multiple susceptibility loci for IgA nephropathy (IgAN); however, validation of these findings is still needed.MethodsWe performed a case‐control study among 347 Chinese Han IgAN patients and 310 ethnicity‐matched controls. Twenty‐two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped and association analysis was performed.ResultsWe found three alleles for IgAN in patients: the allele “C” of rs2188404 in the CCDC132 gene by recessive model (odds ratio (OR), 1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10–2.48; P = 0.014) and additive model (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.03–1.61; P = 0.024) analysis, respectively, the allele “A” of rs10488764 in FDX1 gene by additive model (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.00–1.61; P = 0.048) analysis, the allele “A” of rs3803800 in TNFSF13 gene by recessive model (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.16–3.62; P = 0.010) and additive model (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.06–1.72; P = 0.013) analysis, respectively. However, the associations between these SNPs and the risk of IgAN were not significant when adjusted for age and sex. Additionally, we found polymorphisms of rs2188404, rs10488764 and rs3803800 were correlated with urine protein (UPRO), human serum albumin (HSA), total cholesterol (TC) and Lee's pathological grades.ConclusionWe did not find any positive association between these SNPs and the risk of IgAN after adjustment by age and sex, but did find a significant and strong correlation with relevant clinical pathological parameters. Our study may provide a new perspective to understanding the aetiology of IgAN.
Comparison of peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion techniques: Peritoneoscopic, radiological and laparoscopic : A single‐centre study
Authors: Sun Tina Y‐T , Voss David , Beechey Denise , Lam‐Po‐Tang Michael 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundOur centre introduced peritoneoscopic insertion of peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter by nephrologists as a new method in August 2009 for its potential benefits.AimThe aim of this study was to compare perioperative complications and catheter survival of three techniques: peritoneoscopic, surgical and radiological techniques within a single dialysis centre.MethodThis study used retrospective analysis of all PD catheter inserted from 1 August 2009 to 31 July 2013 within Counties Manukau DHB, Auckland, New Zealand.ResultsDuring the study period, 293 PD catheters were inserted, 84 (29%) peritoneoscopic (P), 140 (48%) surgical (S) and 69 (23%) radiological (R). Total duration of follow‐up was 5848 catheter‐months, with median follow‐up of 17 months. There was no difference in perioperative exit‐site infections and overall early infections. There was however increased overall perioperative complications in P compared with R (HR 2.08; P < 0.05), predominantly from catheter removal within 60 days. Although there was no difference observed in first catheter 1‐year and overall survival between insertion techniques, there was poorer complication‐free survival comparing P to S (HR 1.82, P = 0.001) but not to R. Analyses of the latter cohort of P confirmed improvement in catheter survival compared with an earlier cohort and to other insertion techniques.ConclusionPeritoneoscopic PD catheter insertion is demonstrated to be a suitable alternative technique. As with any new procedure, ‘learning curve’ effects and development of operator expertise need to be taken into consideration.
PLA2R and membranous nephropathy: A 3 year prospective Australian study
Authors: Hill Prue A , McRae Jennifer L , Dwyer Karen M 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThe phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) is the major target antigen in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN). The aim of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence of anti‐PLA2R in iMN in an Australian cohort.MethodsSerum anti‐PLA2R was measured using two techniques, an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a cell‐based indirect immunofluorescence test. Kidney biopsies were also examined for the presence of PLA2R using a polyclonal antibody. A group of 21 patients with iMN were compared with a group of 19 patients with secondary MN and other glomerular diseases.ResultsSeventeen of 21 patients with iMN were positive for anti‐PLA2R on both ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence test, and 14 of these patients also had positive staining for PLA2R in the biopsy (tissue was unavailable in two patients). Three patients with iMN had positive staining in the biopsy only, and one patient was negative in both the serum and the biopsy. None of the patients with secondary MN or other glomerular diseases had anti‐PLA2R antibodies or PLA2R in the biopsy. There was wide inter‐individual variation in titre on ELISA, but serial levels within an individual patient enabled monitoring of disease, and a fall in titre correlated with clinical remission.ConclusionsThis is the first Australian series to examine the incidence of anti‐PLA2R in iMN. It is also unique in examining sera by two separate techniques in conjunction with tissue localization of PLA2R. We have shown 100% specificity of both serum anti‐PLA2R and glomerular PLA2R in iMN, with a sensitivity of 81.0%. When serum testing is combined with tissue localization of PLA2R, the sensitivity increases to 95.2%.
Optimal Temperature for Radiofrequency Ablation of Lumbar Medial Branches for Treatment of Facet‐Mediated Back Pain
Authors: Costandi Shrif , Garcia‐Jacques Mauricio , Dews Teresa , Kot Michael , Wong Kevin , Azer Gerges , Atalla Jasmyn , Looka Michael , Nasr Elie , Mekhail Nagy 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the medial branch nerves that innervate the facet joints is a well‐established treatment modality; however, studies to determine the optimal radiofrequency ablation temperature are lacking. A wide range (70 to 90°C) has been used. This study aimed to compare outcomes with two set temperatures for the lumbar facet medial branch ablation, 90 and 80°C.MethodsThis retrospective study compared the degree of patient self‐reported functional improvement relief, postoperative opioid dose changes, as well as duration among lumbar facet medial branch (RFA) patients who had the procedures performed at 80 or 90°C.ResultsPatients who underwent the procedure at 90°C had 3.1 (95% CI 1.7, 6.5) times the odds (P = 0.0004) of reporting functional improvement of at least 50% when compared to those who underwent neurotomy at 80°C. For self‐reported functional improvement greater or equal to 75%, the results were sustained with an odds ratio of 2.8 (95% CI 1.2, 5.7) favoring those with 90°C temperature neurotomy (P = 0.002).ConclusionThere seems to be significant functional improvement associated with temp of 90°C compared to 80°C, with no added risk of complications. Randomized controlled studies are warranted.
Designed nucleases for targeted genome editing
Authors: Lee Junwon , Chung Jae‐Hee , Kim Ho Min , Kim Dong‐Wook , Kim Hyongbum 
Published: September 2015

SummaryTargeted genome‐editing technology using designed nucleases has been evolving rapidly, and its applications are widely expanding in research, medicine and biotechnology. Using this genome‐modifying technology, researchers can precisely and efficiently insert, remove or change specific sequences in various cultured cells, micro‐organisms, animals and plants. This genome editing is based on the generation of double‐strand breaks (DSBs), repair of which modifies the genome through nonhomologous end‐joining (NHEJ) or homology‐directed repair (HDR). In addition, designed nickase‐induced generation of single‐strand breaks can also lead to precise genome editing through HDR, albeit at relatively lower efficiencies than that induced by nucleases. Three kinds of designed nucleases have been used for targeted DSB formation: zinc‐finger nucleases, transcription activator‐like effector nucleases, and RNA‐guided engineered nucleases derived from the bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)–Cas (CRISPR‐associated) system. A growing number of researchers are using genome‐editing technologies, which have become more accessible and affordable since the discovery and adaptation of CRISPR‐Cas9. Here, the repair mechanism and outcomes of DSBs are reviewed and the three types of designed nucleases are discussed with the hope that such understanding will facilitate applications to genome editing.
Durable engraftment and correction of hematological abnormalities in children with congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia following myeloablative umbilical cord blood transplantation
Authors: Mahadeo Kris M. , Tewari Priti , Parikh Suhag H. , Driscoll Timothy A. , Page Kristin , Martin Paul L. , Kurtzberg Joanne , Prasad Vinod K. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe use of HSCT is the only potentially curative treatment for CAMT, but access is limited by the availability of suitable donors. We report five consecutive patients with CAMT who received MAC and partially HLA‐mismatched, UCBT (unrelated, n = 4). Median times to neutrophil (>500/μL) and platelet (≥20 000 and ≥50 000/μL) engraftment were 19, 57, and 70 days, respectively. Acute GvHD, grade II, developed in one patient, who subsequently developed limited chronic GvHD. At median follow‐up of 14 yr, all patients are alive with sustained donor cell engraftment. To our knowledge, this is the largest single‐center series of UCBT for patients with this disease and suggests that UCBT is a successful curative option for patients with CAMT.
Convergence beyond flower morphology? Reproductive biology of hummingbird‐pollinated plants in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Ferreira C. , Maruyama P. K. , Oliveira P. E. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractConvergent reproductive traits in non‐related plants may be the result of similar environmental conditions and/or specialised interactions with pollinators. Here, we documented the pollination and reproductive biology of Bionia coriacea (Fabaceae), Esterhazya splendida (Orobanchaceae) and Ananas ananassoides (Bromeliaceae) as case studies in the context of hummingbird pollination in Cerrado, the Neotropical savanna of Central South America. We combined our results with a survey of hummingbird pollination studies in the region to investigate the recently suggested association of hummingbird pollination and self‐compatibility. Plant species studied here differed in their specialisation for ornithophily, from more generalist A. ananassoides to somewhat specialist B. coriacea and E. splendida. This continuum of specialisation in floral traits also translated into floral visitor composition. Amazilia fimbriata was the most frequent pollinator for all species, and the differences in floral display and nectar energy availability among plant species affect hummingbirds' behaviour. Most of the hummingbird‐pollinated Cerrado plants (60.0%, n = 20), including those studied here, were self‐incompatible, in contrast to other biomes in the Neotropics. Association to more generalist, often territorial, hummingbirds, and resulting reduced pollen flow in open savanna areas may explain predominance of self‐incompatibility. But it is possible that mating system is more associated with the predominance of woody hummingbird plants in the Cerrado plant assemblage than to the pollination system itself.
The Impact of Local Economic Structure on Community Philanthropy
Authors: Paarlberg Laurie E. , Yoshioka Takayuki 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis article explores how local economic structure directly and indirectly affects community philanthropy. Drawing on campaign data for local United Way (UW) affiliates at three points in time (1990, 2000, and 2010), the article tests the degree to which the relationship between economic structure and community philanthropy is mediated through local stocks of human resources and social capital. The results suggest that retail employment and industrial concentration negatively affect local UW campaigns, while nonlocal ownership positively affects UW campaign size. These measures of economic structure also indirectly influence local UW fund‐raising activities by affecting the levels of human resources and social capital. In the midst of global efforts to increase community‐based philanthropy, these findings have important policy implications for efforts to promote community solutions to social issues in changing economies.
Effect of Relaxin on Fertility Parameters of Frozen–Thawed Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Sperm
Authors: Elkhawagah AR , Longobardi V , Neglia G , Salzano A , Zullo G , Sosa GA , Campanile G , Gasparrini B 
Published: September 2015

ContentsThe aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of relaxin on fertility parameters of buffalo frozen/thawed sperm. Sperm were incubated in the absence of capacitating agents (negative control), with a known capacitating agent such as heparin (positive control) and with 50 and 100 ng/ml relaxin for 2 and 4 h. Sperm viability, motility, capacitation and the effect of relaxin on the fertilizing ability after heterologous IVF were evaluated. Although viability was not affected, relaxin increased (p < 0.05) sperm motility compared to the negative and positive controls both after 2 h (60.0 ± 2.0, 60.0 ± 3.1, 68.3 ± 1.7 and 69.4 ± 2.7, respectively, in negative control, positive control, 50 and 100 ng/ml relaxin) and 4 h (55.0 ± 2.5, 53.3 ± 3.0, 62.2 ± 3.0 and 65.0 ± 3.2, respectively, in negative control, positive control, 50 and 100 ng/ml relaxin) incubation. When sperm were incubated with both 100 ng/ml relaxin and heparin, a decrease (p < 0.01) of pattern A, that is low capacitation level, was observed compared to the negative control both after 2 h (54.4, 34.3 and 36.4%, respectively, in negative control, positive control and 100 ng/ml relaxin) and 4 h (51.9, 35.0 and 34.3%, respectively, in negative control, positive control and 100 ng/ml relaxin). Moreover, an increase (p < 0.01) of pattern EA, that is high capacitation level, was recorded with 100 ng/ml relaxin and heparin compared to the negative control both after 2 h (44.1, 59.3 and 57.7%, respectively, in negative control, positive control and 100 ng/ml relaxin) and after 4 h (43.0, 54.4 and 56.0%, respectively, in negative control, positive control and 100 ng/ml relaxin). Finally, relaxin increased (p < 0.01) cleavage rate compared to the negative control (57.1 ± 4.4, 72.5 ± 6.0, 71.4 ± 5.5 and 73.6 ± 2.9, respectively, in negative control, positive control, 50 and 100 ng/ml relaxin). In conclusion, relaxin has a beneficial effect on motility, capacitation and fertilizing ability of frozen–thawed buffalo sperm.
Flow processes and sedimentation in unidirectionally migrating deep‐water channels: From a three‐dimensional seismic perspective
Authors: Gong Chenglin , Wang Yingmin , Steel Ronald J. , Peakall Jeff , Zhao Xiaoming , Sun Qiliang 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThree‐dimensional seismic data were used to infer how bottom currents control unidirectional channel migration. Bottom currents flowing towards the steep bank would deflect the upper part of sediment gravity flows at an orientation of 1° to 11° to the steep bank, yielding a helical flow circulation consisting of a faster near‐surface flow towards the steep bank and a slower basal return flow towards the gentle bank. This helical flow model is evidenced by the occurrence of bigger, muddier (suggested by low‐amplitude seismic reflections) lateral accretion deposits and gentle channel wall with downlap terminations on the gentle bank and by smaller, sandier (indicated by high‐amplitude seismic reflectors) channel fills and steep channel walls with truncation terminations on the steep bank. This helical flow circulation promotes asymmetrical depositional patterns with dipping accretion sets restricted to the gentle bank, which restricts the development of sinuosity and yields unidirectional channel migration. These results aid in obtaining a complete picture of flow processes and sedimentation in submarine channels.
Impact of prolonged sitting on vascular function in young girls
Authors: McManus Ali M. , Ainslie Philip N. , Green Daniel J. , Simair Ryan G. , Smith Kurt , Lewis Nia 
Published: September 2015

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
Children are spending more than 60% of their waking day sedentary. The consequences of excessive sedentary behaviour are not well understood in the child, but there is growing evidence that with increasing sedentary time, cardiovascular risk in childhood also increases.

What is the main finding and its importance?
Our findings show that a 3 h period of uninterrupted sitting causes a profound (33%) reduction in vascular function in young girls. Importantly, we also demonstrate that breaking up sitting with regular exercise breaks can prevent this.

Excessive sedentary behaviour has serious clinical and public health implications; however, the physiological changes that accompany prolonged sitting in the child are not completely understood. Herein, we examined the acute effect a prolonged period of sitting has upon superficial femoral artery function in 7‐ to 10‐year‐old girls and the impact of interrupting prolonged sitting with exercise breaks. Superficial femoral artery endothelium‐dependent flow‐mediated dilatation, total shear rate, anterograde and retrograde shear rates and oscillatory shear index were assessed before and after two experimental conditions: a 3 h uninterrupted period of sitting (SIT) and a 3 h period of sitting interrupted each hour with 10 min of moderate‐intensity exercise (EX). A mixed‐model analysis of variance was used to compare between‐condition and within‐condition main effects, controlling for the within‐subject nature of the experiment by including random effects for participant. Superficial femoral artery endothelium‐dependent flow‐mediated dilatation decreased significantly from pre‐ to post‐SIT (mean difference 2.2% flow‐mediated dilatation; 95% confidence interval = 0.60–2.94%, P < 0.001). This relative decline of 33% was abolished in the EX intervention. Shear rates were not significantly different within conditions. Our data demonstrate the effectiveness of short but regular exercise breaks in offsetting the detrimental effects of uninterrupted sitting in young girls.