bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indirect comparison in network meta-analysis between SuperPATH, direct anterior and conventional approach hemiarthroplasty in patients with femoral neck fracture
Authors: Ramadanov Nikolai , Voss Maximilian , Jóźwiak Katarzyna , Prill Robert , Hakam Hassan Tarek , Salzmann Mikhail , Dimitrov Dobromir , Becker Roland 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The aim of the study was to compare the short-term outcome of SuperPATH, direct anterior (DAA) and conventional approach (CA) hemiarthroplasty (HA) in patients with femoral neck fractures using a network meta-analysis.

Methods:
PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Epistemonikos, and Embase were searched until May 31, 2024. In a network meta-analysis, mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Hartung–Knapp–Sidik–Jonkman method and a fixed/random effects model for continuous outcomes, and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Mantel–Haenszel method and a fixed/random effects model for dichotomous outcomes.

Results:
The literature search identified a total of 9 randomized controlled trials on SuperPATH with 762 patients and 8 randomized controlled trials on DAA with 641 patients. In the overall ranking, SuperPATH was placed first, DAA second and CA third. SuperPATH HA was best in 7, second best in 2 and third best in 1 of the 10 outcome parameters. DAA HA was best in 2 and second best in 8 of the 10 outcome parameters. CA HA was best in 1 and third best in 9 of the 10 outcome parameters. In the indirect comparison between SuperPATH HA and DAA HA, SuperPATH HA had a 1.36 point lower visual analog scale at 2 to 7 days postoperatively and a 0.17 lower overall complication rate compared to DAA.

Conclusion:
For the treatment of patients with femoral neck fractures, SuperPATH HA ranked first, DAA HA ranked second and CA HA ranked third. Based on the results, we recommend that trauma surgeons increase their use of minimally invasive hip HA techniques. It should be noted that SuperPATH HA had a significantly lower overall complication rate compared to DAA HA when the minimally invasive technique was chosen.
A novel surgical technique to resolve mucosal fenestration of a root apex: Apical tunnel surgery: A case report
Authors: Chen Jie , Ran Gaoying , Weng Jingxin , Liu Xiaohao , Xie Chengjie 
Published: July 2024

Rationale:
Endodontic surgery, which includes apex resection, retro-fill and some regeneration procedures, is a traditional way to deal with apex fenestration. The endodontic surgery could bring large flap, curtate root length, non-healing mucosa and soft tissue deficiency in the apex area. Other treatment options might be considered according to different etiological factors. Mucogingival surgery provides some ideas in accumulation of soft and hard tissues, especially some unique methods such as “tunnel technique” bringing us a view of minimal invasive surgery approach. A novel surgery named “apical tunnel surgery” was reported here to resolve a root apex exposure with the tunnel-like technique.

Patient concerns:
A young female complained about root exposure of upper right anterior tooth without history of trauma or orthodontic treatment.

Diagnosis:
The intraoral examination revealed a buccal root apex exposure about 3mm in diameter of #12 (FDI teeth numbering system). The tooth was slightly dark with Class 1 mobility. The periodontal situation was good and the occlusion check revealed no traumatic bite on #12. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) showed a bone fenestration from the buccally lower 1/2 root surface to the apex and bone absorption around the apex. It also revealed a bone contour deficiency in #12 area.

Interventions:
Root canal treatment, root surface debridement, and soft tissue combined with hard tissue accumulation were carried out in one tunnel-like surgery.

Outcomes:
Examination of 12-month follow-up showed a healed and thickened mucosa in the buccally apical region and CBCT showed the continuous lamina dura occupied the buccal aspect of #12 root apex.

Lessons:
This new apical tunnel surgery provided soft and hard tissue accumulation in one minimal invasive way in the apex exposure case caused by bone fenestration and thin mucosa.
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis induced by sunitinib therapy in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Park Dong Jin , Lee Donghyoun , Park In Kyu 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a rare condition characterized by multiple gas-filled cysts in the gastrointestinal tract and is associated with numerous conditions. Benign PCI can occur secondary to certain medications, such as anticancer-targeted therapies. Here, we report a rare case of PCI that developed following sunitinib therapy for metastatic RCC and was successfully managed with conservative treatment without surgery.

Patient concerns:
A 57-year-old woman with a medical history of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) referred to the Department of General Surgery after completion of the 16th cycle of sunitinib because of abnormal findings on abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT), suggesting necrotizing enteritis with pneumoperitoneum involving the ileum. At the time of presentation to the Department of General Surgery, she was asymptomatic and had no abnormal findings on examination other than the imaging findings.

Diagnosis:
Sunitinib-induced PCI, metastatic RCC, liver cirrhosis, and diabetes mellitus.

Interventions:
She was admitted to the general ward for conservative treatment, and sunitinib was discontinued. Conservative treatments included nil per os, total parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, H2-blockers, and oxygen therapy.

Outcomes:
On the fifth day of hospitalization, the PCI showed moderate resolution on plain radiography, and she was discharged on the seventh day. Follow-up CT imaging 3 months later demonstrated complete resolution of PCI.

Conclusion:
This case emphasizes that the decision between conservative versus surgical treatment for PCI should be based not solely on radiological findings but rather on a comprehensive assessment, including the underlying condition, vital signs, physical examinations, and blood tests.
Treatment with ensitrelvir for COVID-19 in hospitalized patients of very advanced age: Case series
Authors: Tomita Takafumi , Miyazawa Shogo , Sonoyama Takuhiro 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Ensitrelvir fumaric acid (ensitrelvir) is an orally active 3C-like protease inhibitor used to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Ensitrelvir was granted an emergency use authorization in Japan in 2022, but reports on the effectiveness and safety of ensitrelvir in actual clinical settings are limited.

Methods:
Here, we report a case series of 9 patients with laboratory-confirmed symptomatic coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) who completed a 5-day course of ensitrelvir at Tomita Hospital from November 2022 to April 2023. Data on clinical symptoms, oxygen saturation, and food intake were collected for 14 days, beginning on the first day of ensitrelvir administration. The outcome of COVID-19 in each patient was also evaluated during this period.

Results:
All patients were female, 80 years old or older, and the mean age was 90.2 ± 5.5 years. All patients received ensitrelvir within 2 days after the onset of COVID-19. At baseline, 7 among the 9 patients had their body temperature above 37.5 °C and all of them had oxygen saturation levels of 94% or higher. All patients recovered without worsening of COVID-19, and none received oxygen or additional antiviral drugs during the observation period; no deaths were reported within 14 days. After receiving ensitrelvir for 5 days, all patients had resolution of fever (<37 °C). There was no significant decrease in food intake of patients due to COVID-19. All patients maintained oxygen saturation above 93%.

Conclusion:
Our results provide information on the real-world usage of ensitrelvir in elderly, hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and suggests that ensitrelvir is an option for treatment of COVID-19 in these population.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension in a patient without corpus callosum: A case report
Authors: Zhou Yang , Tong Chenglin 
Published: July 2024

Rationale:
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a well-established condition typically presenting with disabling orthostatic headache. Corpus callosum agenesis (CCA) is one of the most common human brain malformations with a wide spectrum of associated malformations, chromosomal abnormalities, and clinical syndromes.

Patient concerns:
A 53-year-old woman presented with recurrent orthostatic headache for about 1 month. The head computed tomography examination of the patient showed CCA and the initial pressure of subsequent lumbar puncture was only 5 centimeters cerebrospinal fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging examination confirmed CCA with gray matter heterotopia.

Diagnosis:
The final diagnose was SIH related headache with CCA.

Intervention:
The patient’s symptom improved after oral hydration, intravenous fluids, and bed rest.

Outcome:
Favorable outcome was observed.

Lessons:
Although this co-occurrence of SIH and CCA is probably coincidental, this finding suggests that the developmental malformations of the brain may lead to structural changes in brain tissue or disturbances in cerebrospinal fluid production and reflux, resulting in pathological changes over time.
A unique case report of mulberry second molar in a non-syphilitic patient
Authors: Harizanova Zdravka , Popova Ferihan , Peycheva Marieta 
Published: July 2024

Rationale:
The common embryologic neural origin of the ectoderm includes the epidermal layer of the skin and the amelodentinal components of the teeth which can result in numerous diseases damaging both skin and dentition. Three main dental abnormalities were described as a consequence of congenital syphilis: Hutchinson incisors, bud molars, and mulberry molars which usually affect all permanent first molars.

Patient concerns:
As far as we know, this case is the first reported for mulberry second molar in a non-syphilitic patient. Ten projections globular in shape were presented on the occlusal surface of the second mandibular molar.

Diagnoses:
The findings were characteristic for mulberry molars and therefore diagnosed as mulberry molars.

Interventions and outcomes:
No prosthetic treatment was conducted, just topical fluoride application was performed, and periodic observations were scheduled.

Lessons:
It is recommended that gynecologists and pediatricians should be provided with additional information about the local and systemic factors that can lead to developmental diseases of the teeth.
Characteristics of Patients Receiving Complex Case Management in an Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Charles Lesley , Jensen Lisa , Añez Delfin Jorge Mario , Norman Erin , Dobbs Bonnie , Tian Peter George Jaminal , Parmar Jasneet 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Improving transitions in care is a major focus of health care planning. In the research team’s prior intervention study, the length of stay (LOS) was reduced when patients at high risk for readmission were identified early in their acute care stay and received complex management.

Objective:
This study will describe the characteristics of patients receiving complex case management in an urban acute care hospital.

Primary Practice Setting:
Acute care hospital.

Methodology and Sample:
This was a retrospective chart review of patients in a previous quality assurance study. A random selection of patients who previously underwent high-risk screening using the LACE (Length of stay; Acuity of the admission; Comorbidity of the patient; Emergency department use) index and received complex case management (the intervention group) were reviewed. The charts of a random selection of patients from the previous comparison group were also reviewed. Patient characteristics were collected and compared using descriptive statistics.

Results:
In the intervention group, more patients had their family physicians (FPs) documented (93.1% [81/87] vs. 89.2% [66/74]). More patients in the intervention group (89.7% [77/87] vs. 85.1% [63/74]) lived at home prior to admission. More patients in the intervention group had a family caregiver involved (44.8% [39/87] vs. 41.9% [31/74]). At discharge, more patients in the intervention group (87.1% [74/85]) were discharged home compared with the comparison group (78.4% [58/74]).

Implications for Case Management Practice:
(1) Having an identified FP, living at home, and having family caregiver(s) characterized those with lower LOS and discharged home. (2) Case management, risk screening, and discharge planning improve patient outcomes. (3) This study identified the importance of having a FP and engaged family caregivers in improving care outcomes.
Does preperitoneal packing increase venous thromboembolim risk among trauma patients? A prospective multicenter analysis across 17 level I trauma centers
Authors: Knowlton Lisa Marie , Sauaia Angela , Moore Ernest E. , Knudson M. Margaret ,   For the CLOTT Study Group
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION
Pelvic fractures are associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Among treatment options, including pelvic angioembolization (PA), preperitoneal pelvic packing (PPP), and pelvic open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), PPP has been postulated as a VTE risk factor. We aimed to characterize the risk of VTE among pelvic fracture patients receiving PPP, PA or ORIF.

METHODS
We used observational data from a 17-site Consortium of Leaders in the Study of Traumatic Thromboembolism (CLOTT) study group, a US level I trauma center collaborative working to identify factors associated with posttraumatic VTE, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or pulmonary thrombosis. The CLOTT criteria included age 18 to 40 years with at least one independent VTE risk factor. We compared outcomes of PPP, PA, and pelvic ORIF to reference of no pelvic intervention. Our primary outcome was VTE. A competing risk analysis was performed.

RESULTS
Among 1,387 pelvic fracture patients, VTE incidence was 5.6%. The ORIF patients were most likely to develop VTE (24.7%), while VTE incidence for PPP was 9.0% and 2.6% for PA. After multivariate, risk-competing analysis, none of the three treatment interventions for pelvic fractures were significantly associated with VTE. Initiation of VTE prophylaxis in the first 24 hours of admission independently halved VTE incidence (hazard ratio, 0.55; confidence interval, 0.33–0.91).

CONCLUSION
Pelvic fracture interventions do not appear to be independent risk factors for VTE in our study. Initiation of VTE pharmacoprophylaxis within the first 24 hours of admission remains critical to significantly decreasing VTE formation in this high-risk population.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic Study; Level III.
“I’d like to think I’d be able to spot one if I saw one”: How science journalists navigate predatory journals
Authors: Fleerackers Alice , Moorhead Laura L. , Alperin Juan Pablo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPredatory journals—or journals that prioritize profits over editorial and publication best practices—are becoming more common, raising concerns about the integrity of the scholarly record. Such journals also pose a threat for the integrity of science journalism, as journalists may unwillingly report on low quality or even highly flawed studies published in these venues. This study sheds light on how journalists navigate this challenging publishing landscape through a qualitative analysis of interviews with 23 health, science, and environmental journalists about their perceptions of predatory journals and strategies for ensuring the journals they report on are trustworthy. We find that journalists have relatively limited awareness and/or concern about predatory journals. Much of this attitude is due to confidence in their established practices for avoiding problematic research, which largely centre on perceptions of journal prestige, reputation, and familiarity, as well as writing quality and professionalism. Most express limited awareness of how their trust heuristics may discourage them from reporting on smaller, newer, and open access journals, especially those based in the Global South. We discuss implications for the accuracy and diversity of the science news that reaches the public.
A global perspective of the prevalence of low language in children: a scoping review and evidence and gap map protocol
Authors: Jones Lisa Irene , Krahe Michelle A , Giesberts Amy , Downes Martin , Ware Robert S , Reilly Sheena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review is to identify, categorize, and map the existing evidence of low language prevalence in children aged 4 to 18 years globally. Additionally, it seeks to explore associated factors, and map evidence gaps to improve future reporting practices.IntroductionThe study of language difficulties in children has evolved over the years, marked by changing terminologies and criteria. Understanding why prevalence varies is critical to address the need for accurate prevalence estimates, highlight factors influencing reported frequency, and inform policy, resource allocation, and research priorities.Inclusion criteriaThis review will consider studies that report low language prevalence for children aged 4 to 18 years from any country that are derived from studies or epidemiological samples in community/population settings, including households, birth registers/cohorts, and schools. To encompass the changing use of terminologies and criteria, the term low language is used as an umbrella term to describe children whose language development is behind their peers.MethodsThis review protocol is guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Key databases will be systematically searched for English-language studies, published between 01 January 1970 to 30 June 2023. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, while three reviewers will assess full texts. The final selection of studies will undergo review by a broader expert group and data extraction will be conducted by one reviewer and verified for accuracy. The findings will be presented in narrative format, including tables and figures to aid in data presentation.
The Silent Threat: Unveiling the Mystery of Post-Op Hypoxemia after Open Heart Surgery
Authors: Mallick Hamdan , Khalid Abdullah , Khan Yasir , Hashmi Shiraz , Shahabuddin Syed 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTHypoxemia is a well-known postoperative complication following open heart surgery. There is minimal literature and a lack of consensus on postoperative hypoxemia as a complication following open heart surgery and its relation to adverse outcomes, risk factors, and population characteristics. This is especially more apparent in lower middle-income countries where there is a double burden of disease. We aimed to determine the predictive and risk factors for postoperative hypoxemia due to the high incidence of associated complications that include increased morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay.This study was a retrospective analysis, evaluating first-time open-heart surgery patients over a period of one year from January to December 2020. Data was collected prospectively through the section of cardiothoracic surgery’s computerized database, using standardized data collection strategies and definitions.The overall prevalence of hypoxemia was estimated to be 73 (11.8%). Morbidity and Mortality were significantly higher in the hypoxemic group. Male gender, diabetes, hypertension, low EF%, CBP time, increased preoperative PaCO2, were found to be independent risk factors for the development of hypoxemia.From the results of this study, it could be concluded that the magnitude of hypoxemia is substantial after on-pump open heart surgery. High risk and independent factors identified from this study were cumulatively grouped and preventive use of BiPAP was found to be a possible option to prevent hypoxemia This study highlights the importance of one of the underestimated post op morbid factors that has cost, quality, and outcome implications.
An Orthogonal T7 Replisome for Continuous Hypermutation and Accelerated Evolution inE. coli
Authors: Diercks Christian S. , Sondermann Philipp J. , Rong Cynthia , Dik David A. , Gillis Thomas G. , Ban Yahui , Schultz Peter G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSystems that perform continuous hypermutation of designated genes without compromising the integrity of the host genome can dramatically accelerate the evolution of new or enhanced protein functions. We describe an orthogonal DNA replication system inE. colibased on the controlled expression of the replisome of bacteriophage T7. The system replicates circular plasmids that enable high transformation efficiencies and seamless integration into standard molecular biology workflows. Engineering of T7 DNA polymerase yielded variant proteins with mutation rates of 1.7 × 10−5substitutions per basein vivo– 100,000-fold above the genomic mutation rate. Continuous evolution using the mutagenic T7 replisome was demonstrated by expanding the substrate scope of TEM-1 β-lactamase and increase activity 1,000-fold against clinically relevant monobactam and cephalosporin antibiotics in less than one week.
Building Predictive Understanding of Microbial Ecology by Bridging Microbial Growth Kinetics and Microbial Population Dynamics
Authors: Cheng Zhang , Xia Weibo , McKelvey Sean , He Qiang , Chen Yuzhou , Yuan Heyang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModeling microbial communities can provide predictive insights into microbial ecology, but current modeling approaches suffer from inherent limitations. In this study, a novel modeling approach was proposed to address those limitations based on the intrinsic connection between the growth kinetics of guilds and the dynamics of individual microbial populations. To implement the modeling approach, 466 samples from four full-scale activated sludge systems were retrieved from the literature. The raw samples were processed using a data transformation method that not only increased the dataset size by three times but also enabled quantification of population dynamics. Most of the 42 family-level core populations showed overall dynamics close to zero within the sampling period, explaining their resilience to environmental perturbation. Bayesian networks built with environmental factors, perturbation, historical abundance, population dynamics, and mechanistically derived microbial kinetic parameters classified the core populations into heterotrophic and autotrophic guilds. Topological data analysis was applied to identify keystone populations and their time-dependent interactions with other populations. The data-driven inferences were validated directly using the Microbial Database for Activated Sludge (MiDAS) and indirectly by predicting population abundance and community structure using artificial neural networks. The Bray-Curtis similarity between predicted and observed communities was significantly higher with microbial kinetic parameters than without parameters (0.70 vs. 0.66), demonstrating the accuracy of the modeling approach. Implemented based on engineered systems, this modeling approach can be generalized to natural systems to gain predictive understandings of microbial ecology.