bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A critical approach on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dose optimisation and withdrawal times of oxytetracycline in aquaculture
Authors: Rigos George , Smith Peter 
Published: December 2013

AbstractOxytetracycline (OTC) is one of the antibacterial agents that is most commonly used to control bacterial infections in the aquaculture industry worldwide. Thorough knowledge and integration of appropriate drug pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) in therapeutic schedules are crucial in terms of treatment efficacy and cost, environmental welfare and potentially to human safety. This review provides a much needed critique of published OTC PK and a discussion on OTC PD, dose optimisation and importance of withdrawal times (WT). Overall, the pertinent literature reveals that most published OTC PK information is specific to farmed fish species. Significant variability in experimental design between PK studies rendered interspecies comparisons an almost impossible task. Published PK parameters exert variable relevance to practical application, and moreover, limited or nonexistent information is available for some relevant PK parameters. It is also demonstrated that there is a serious shortage of data simultaneously relating dose regimen, PK, PD data and clinical outcomes. This results in difficulties in applying available PK data to the improvement in current dose regimen. Efficacy studies and PK/PD data currently available do not allow improvements in the interpretive criteria used by laboratories; thus, for the present, clinical evaluations must rely on wild‐type epidemiological cut‐off values (COWT). Regarding OTC removal, the WT estimates that have been made for farmed crustaceans are much shorter than those for finfish. However, this fact does not necessarily ensure that these products are unlikely to result in contravention of regulatory limits.
Proactive Parenting and Children's Effortful Control: Mediating Role of Language and Indirect Intervention Effects
Authors: Chang Hyein , Shaw Daniel S. , Dishion Thomas J. , Gardner Frances , Wilson Melvin N. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe examined associations of proactive parenting, child verbal ability, and child effortful control within the context of a randomized prevention trial focused on enhancing parenting practices in low‐income families. Participants (N = 731) were assessed annually from the age of two to five, with half randomly assigned to the Family Check‐Up (FCU). Results indicated that the child's verbal ability at the age of three partially mediated the influence of proactive parenting at the age of two on children's effortful control at the age of five. More importantly, the FCU indirectly facilitated children's effortful control by sequentially improving proactive parenting and children's verbal ability. The findings are discussed with respect to taking a more integrative approach to understanding early predictors and the promotion of self‐regulation in early childhood.
Associations of Internalizing and Externalizing Problems with Facial Expression Recognition in Preschoolers: The Generation R Study
Authors: Székely Eszter , Tiemeier Henning , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. , Hofman Albert , Verhulst Frank C. , Herba Catherine M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAltered patterns of facial expression recognition (FER) have been linked to internalizing and externalizing problems in school children and adolescents. In a large sample of preschoolers (N = 727), we explored concurrent and prospective associations between internalizing/externalizing problems and FER. Internalizing/externalizing problems were rated by parents at 18 and 36 months using the Child Behavior Checklist. FER was assessed at 36 months using age‐appropriate computer tasks of emotion matching and emotion labeling. Internalizing problems were associated with emotion‐specific differences at both ages: at 18 months they predicted more accurate labeling of sadness; at 36 months they were associated with less accurate labeling of happiness and anger. Externalizing problems at both ages were associated with general FER deficits, particularly for matching emotions. Findings suggest that in preschoolers, internalizing problems contribute to emotion‐specific differences in FER, while externalizing problems are associated with more general FER deficits. Knowledge of the specific FER patterns associated with internalizing/externalizing problems can be proven useful in the refinement of emotion‐centered preventive interventions.
Multiple Perspectives on Functional Coherence: Heterogeneity and Multiplexity in the Randstad
Authors: Burger Martijn J. , Meijers Evert J. , van Oort Frank G. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractMeasuring functional coherence in metropolitan regions, in particular polycentric ones, requires taking the issues of multiplexity and individual level heterogeneity more explicitly into account, as the spatial organisation of functional linkages is not necessarily identical. Based on the analysis of one type of functional linkage a region can appear to be integrated, but loosely connected based on another. We demonstrate the occurrence of multiplexity for the polycentric Dutch Randstad region, and focus particularly on the presence of individual level heterogeneity. Commuting patterns in the Randstad are strongly related to socio‐demographic variables and firm characteristics largely determine the scale of buyer‐supplier relationships. We present studies into functional coherence in the Randstad, and assess whether methods, including the interlocking network model, are sufficiently capable of accounting for multiplexity and individual level heterogeneity.
Market Reforms and Commodity Price Volatility: The Case of East African Coffee Market
Authors: Lukanima Benedicto , Swaray Raymond 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to examine the impact of commodity market reforms on producer price volatility using evidence from the East African coffee market. The results, based on time‐varying volatility models and key summary statistics, show that coffee market reforms in the East African Community (EAC) are associated with changes in producer price volatility and volatility persistence at both country and regional levels. However, reforms were not the only cause of changes in price volatility. The study further shows that reforms had different effects on prices volatilities of Arabica and Robusta varieties of coffee grown in individual EAC countries. These findings have wider implication for commodity market reforms and producer price stabilisation policies in the EAC and coffee producing countries in sub‐Sahara Africa.
Effects of operational parameters on the treatment of nitrate‐rich wastewater by autohydrogenotrophic denitrifying bacteria
Authors: Mousavi Seyyedalireza , Ibrahim Shaliza , Aroua Mohamed Kheireddine 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe effects of the C/N ratio, as well as hydrogen gas and substrate concentrations, on the treatment of nitrate‐rich wastewater by autohydrogenotrophic denitrifying bacteria in sequencing batch reactors were investigated. Among the various C/N ratios applied in this study, a C/N ratio of 4 was found to be the most suitable ratio that resulted in faster growth and adaptation. The denitrification rate improved with less accumulation of nitrite with increasing H2 sparging time. Moreover, an increase in nitrate concentration resulted in high nitrite accumulation. The nitrite accumulated to 601 mg/L NO2‐N when the nitrate concentration was 1000 mg/L NO3–‐N. The specific degradation rates for nitrate and nitrite were found to be 27.8 mg NO3−‐N/g MLVSS/d and 50 mg NO2−‐N/g MLVSS/d, respectively, when the C/N ratio was 2, and H2 as electron donor was sparged for 1 min with 2 h interval.
Immunoproteomic Analysis of Antibody in Lymphocyte Supernatant in Patients with Typhoid Fever in Bangladesh
Authors: Charles Richelle C. , Liang Li , Khanam Farhana , Sayeed M. Abu , Hung Chris , Leung Daniel T. , Baker Stephen , Ludwig Albrecht , Harris Jason B. , LaRocque Regina C. , Calderwood Stephen B. , Qadri Firdausi , Felgner Philip L. , Ryan Edward T. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTWe have previously shown that an assay based on detection of anti-Salmonella entericaserotype Typhi antibodies in supernatant of lymphocytes harvested from patients presenting with typhoid fever (antibody in lymphocyte supernatant [ALS] assay) can identify 100% of patients with blood culture-confirmed typhoid fever in Bangladesh. In order to define immunodominant proteins within theS. Typhi membrane preparation used as antigen in these prior studies and to identify potential biomarkers unique toS. Typhi bacteremic patients, we probed microarrays containing 2,724S. Typhi proteins with ALS collected at the time of clinical presentation from 10 Bangladeshis with acute typhoid fever. We identified 62 immunoreactive antigens when evaluating both the IgG and IgA responses. Immune responses to 10 of these antigens discriminated between individuals with acute typhoid infection and healthy control individuals from areas where typhoid infection is endemic, as well as Bangladeshi patients presenting with fever who were subsequently confirmed to have a nontyphoid illness. Using an ALS enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) format and purified antigen, we then confirmed that immune responses against the antigen with the highest immunoreactivity (hemolysin E [HlyE]) correctly identified individuals with acute typhoid or paratyphoid fever in Dhaka, Bangladesh. These observations suggest that purified antigens could be used with ALS and corresponding acute-phase activated B lymphocytes in diagnostic platforms to identify acutely infected patients, even in areas where enteric fever is endemic.
Mutations in Toll-Like Receptor 3 Are Associated with Elevated Levels of Rotavirus-Specific IgG Antibodies in IgA-Deficient but Not IgA-Sufficient Individuals
Authors: Günaydın Gökçe , Nordgren Johan , Svensson Lennart , Hammarström Lennart 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTDouble-stranded RNA (dsRNA) triggers immune-mediated responses through toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), which is involved in innate antiviral defense. Low expression of TLR3 was recently suggested to contribute to susceptibility to rotavirus infection. Thus, we investigated the role of two TLR3 polymorphisms (rs3775291 and rs5743305), both of which resulted in reduced protein function or expression, in healthy blood donors and IgA-deficient (IgAD) individuals. These polymorphisms were associated with elevated rotavirus-specific IgG titers in IgAD individuals but not in healthy individuals. Thus, we propose that TLR3 signaling does not contribute to the rotavirus-specific antibody response in IgA-sufficient individuals, whereas it is associated with elevated antibody titers in IgAD individuals.
Time to Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Using the MGIT 320 System Correlates with Colony Counting in Preclinical Testing of New Vaccines
Authors: Kolibab K. , Yang A. , Parra M. , Derrick S. C. , Morris S. L. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTClinical studies have suggested that the enumeration of mycobacteria by using automated liquid systems is a faster and simpler alternative to quantitative cultures. Here, we show that the time to detection ofM. tuberculosisgrowth as measured with the MGIT 320 liquid culture system inversely correlates with CFU determinations from culture on solid media and that mycobacterial quantification using the MGIT system is faster and easier to perform than CFU plating.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas putida Strain S610, a Seed-Borne Bacterium of Wheat
Authors: Wang Dongping , Han Cliff S. , Dichosa Armand E. K. , Gleasner Cheryl D. , Johnson Shannon L. , Daligault Hajnalka E. , Davenport Karen W. , Li Po-E , Pierson Elizabeth A. , Pierson Leland S. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

We report the genome sequence of a seed-borne bacterium,
Pseudomonas putida
strain S610. The size of the draft genome sequence is approximately 4.6 Mb, which is the smallest among all
P. putida
strains sequenced to date.
Genome Sequence of Sporolactobacillus laevolacticus DSM442, an Efficient Polymer-Grade
d
-Lactate Producer from Agricultural Waste Cottonseed as a Nitrogen Source
Authors: Wang Hongyan , Wang Limin , Ju Jiansong , Yu Bo , Ma Yanhe 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Sporolactobacillus laevolacticus
DSM442 is an efficient polymer-grade
d
-lactic acid producer from low-cost agricultural waste cottonseed powder as the sole nitrogen source. Here we present a 3.59-Mb assembly of its genome sequence, which might provide useful information to further improve the strain for higher production titers.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Live Vaccine Strain Brucella abortus 82
Authors: Shevtsov Alexander , Tarlykov Pavel , Zholdybayeva Elena , Shevtsova Elena , Momynkulov Dauren , Sytnik Igor , Karibaev Talgat , Chsherbakov Andrey , Momynaliev Kuvat 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Vaccination is a crucial part of the brucellosis eradication programs worldwide. A live vaccine strain of
Brucella abortus
82 has been successfully used for the vaccination of cattle against brucellosis in the former Soviet republics for the last 39 years. Here, we report the genome sequence of
Brucella abortus
82.
Draft Genome Sequence of an Obligate and Moderately Halophilic Bacterium, Thalassobacillus devorans Strain MSP14, the First Draft Genome of the Genus
Thalassobacillus
Authors: Pal Kamal Krishna , Dey Rinku , Sherathia Dharmesh , Sukhadiya Bhoomika , Dalsania Trupti , Patel Ilaxi , Savsani Kinjal , Thomas Manesh , Vanpariya Sejal , Mandaliya Mona , Rupapara Rupal , Rawal Priya , Ghorai Sucheta , Bhayani Sharmila , Shah Abhi , Saxena Anil Kumar 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

We report the 3.93-Mbp first draft genome sequence of a species of the genus
Thalassobacillus
,
Thalassobacillus devorans
strain MSP14, a moderate but obligate halophile, isolated from a salt crystallizer of the Little Rann of Kutch, India. Exploring the genome of this organism will facilitate understanding the mechanism(s) of its obligate halophilism.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pediococcus pentosaceus Strain SL4
Authors: Dantoft Shruti Harnal , Bielak Eliza Maria , Seo Jae-Gu , Chung Myung-Jun , Jensen Peter Ruhdal 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Pediococcus pentosaceus
SL4 was isolated from a Korean fermented vegetable product, kimchi. We report here the whole-genome sequence (WGS) of
P. pentosaceus
SL4. The genome consists of a 1.79-Mb circular chromosome (G+C content of 37.3%) and seven distinct plasmids ranging in size from 4 kb to 50 kb.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Human Enterovirus 71 Strain Isolated in Wuhan, China, in 2010
Authors: Yang Zhu , Lu Songya , Xian Jianchun , Ye Jun , Xiao Li , Luo Jun , Zen Ke , Liu Fenyong 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT
The complete genome sequence of a human enterovirus 71 strain (EV71/wuhan/3018/2010), which was isolated in Wuhan in 2010, was amplified by a reverse transcription-PCR method and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genome sequence classified this strain into subgenogroup A.
Genome Sequence of the Pigment-Producing Bacterium
Pseudogulbenkiania ferrooxidans
, Isolated from Loktak Lake
Authors: Puranik Sampada , Talkal Reshma , Qureshi Asifa , Khardenavis Anshuman , Kapley Atya , Purohit Hemant J. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

The whole genome of a pigment-producing isolate from a lake in northern India,
Pseudogulbenkiania ferrooxidans
strain EGD-HP2, has been sequenced to study the spectrum of biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The genome annotation data revealed an operon for violacein, which showed homology with the reported operon of a
Chromobacterium
sp., and also a quinone cofactor.
Biofilm Formation Enhances Fomite Survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes
Authors: Marks Laura R. , Reddinger Ryan M. , Hakansson Anders P. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Both
Streptococcus pyogenes
and
Streptococcus pneumoniae
are widely thought to rapidly die outside the human host, losing infectivity following desiccation in the environment. However, to date, all literature investigating the infectivity of desiccated streptococci has used broth-grown, planktonic populations. In this study, we examined the impact of biofilm formation on environmental survival of clinical and laboratory isolates of
S. pyogenes
and
S. pneumoniae
as both organisms are thought to colonize the human host as biofilms. Results clearly demonstrate that while planktonic cells that are desiccated rapidly lose viability both on hands and abiotic surfaces, such as plastic, biofilm bacteria remain viable over extended periods of time outside the host and remain infectious in a murine colonization model. To explore the level and extent of streptococcal fomite contamination that children might be exposed to naturally, direct bacteriologic cultures of items in a day care center were conducted, which demonstrated high levels of viable streptococci of both species. These findings raise the possibility that streptococci may survive in the environment and be transferred from person to person via fomites contaminated with oropharyngeal secretions containing biofilm streptococci.
Microbial Biofilms on Needleless Connectors for Central Venous Catheters: Comparison of Standard and Silver-Coated Devices Collected from Patients in an Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Perez Elizabeth , Williams Margaret , Jacob Jesse T. , Reyes Mary Dent , Chernetsky Tejedor Sheri , Steinberg James P. , Rowe Lori , Ganakammal Satishkumar Ranganathan , Changayil Shankar , Weil M. Ryan , Donlan Rodney M. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Microorganisms may colonize needleless connectors (NCs) on intravascular catheters, forming biofilms and predisposing patients to catheter-associated infection (CAI). Standard and silver-coated NCs were collected from catheterized intensive care unit patients to characterize biofilm formation using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods and to investigate the associations between NC usage and biofilm characteristics. Viable microorganisms were detected by plate counts from 46% of standard NCs and 59% of silver-coated NCs (
P
= 0.11). There were no significant associations (
P
> 0.05, chi-square test) between catheter type, side of catheter placement, number of catheter lumens, site of catheter placement, or NC placement duration and positive NC findings. There was an association (
P
= 0.04, chi-square test) between infusion type and positive findings for standard NCs. Viable microorganisms exhibiting intracellular esterase activity were detected on >90% of both NC types (
P
= 0.751), suggesting that a large percentage of organisms were not culturable using the conditions provided in this study. Amplification of the 16S rRNA gene from selected NCs provided a substantially larger number of operational taxonomic units per NC than did plate counts (26 to 43 versus 1 to 4 operational taxonomic units/NC, respectively), suggesting that culture-dependent methods may substantially underestimate microbial diversity on NCs. NC bacterial communities were clustered by patient and venous access type and may reflect the composition of the patient's local microbiome but also may contain organisms from the health care environment. NCs provide a portal of entry for a wide diversity of opportunistic pathogens to colonize the catheter lumen, forming a biofilm and increasing the potential for CAI, highlighting the importance of catheter maintenance practices to reduce microbial contamination.
Evaluation of Two Commercial Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Mycoplasma genitalium in Urogenital Specimens
Authors: Le Roy Chloé , Pereyre Sabine , Bébéar Cécile 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

The performance of two commercial real-time PCR kits for the detection of
Mycoplasma genitalium
was evaluated in comparison to an in-house real-time PCR assay. Concordances of 96% and 93% were found for the TIB MOLBIOL and the Diagenode assays, respectively, compared to the results of the in-house assay.
Detection and Characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae during an Outbreak of Respiratory Illness at a University
Authors: Waller Jessica L. , Diaz Maureen H. , Petrone Brianna L. , Benitez Alvaro J. , Wolff Bernard J. , Edison Laura , Tobin-D'Angelo Melissa , Moore Ashley , Martyn Audrey , Dishman Hope , Drenzek Cherie L. , Turner Kim , Hicks Lauri A. , Winchell Jonas M. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

An outbreak at a university in Georgia was identified after 83 cases of probable pneumonia were reported among students. Respiratory specimens were obtained from 21 students for the outbreak investigation. The TaqMan array card (TAC), a quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based multipathogen detection technology, was used to initially identify
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
as the causative agent in this outbreak. TAC demonstrated 100% diagnostic specificity and sensitivity compared to those of the multiplex qPCR assay for this agent. All
M. pneumoniae
specimens (
n
= 12) and isolates (
n
= 10) were found through genetic analysis to be susceptible to macrolide antibiotics. The strain diversity of
M. pneumoniae
associated with this outbreak setting was identified using a variety of molecular typing procedures, resulting in two P1 genotypes (types 1 [60%] and 2 [40%]) and seven different multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) profiles. Continued molecular typing of this organism, particularly during outbreaks, may enhance the current understanding of the epidemiology of
M. pneumoniae
and may ultimately lead to a more effective public health response.
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome following Infection with O111 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Revealed through Molecular Diagnostics
Authors: Operario Darwin J. , Moonah Shannon , Houpt Eric 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

We report a case of hemolytic uremic syndrome in a 69-year-old woman due to Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli
, possibly serotype O111, to illustrate the potentially deleterious implications of a
Campylobacter
enzyme immunoassay (EIA) result and the increasing importance of molecular testing when conventional methods are limited.
Urine Is Not Sterile: Use of Enhanced Urine Culture Techniques To Detect Resident Bacterial Flora in the Adult Female Bladder
Authors: Hilt Evann E. , McKinley Kathleen , Pearce Meghan M. , Rosenfeld Amy B. , Zilliox Michael J. , Mueller Elizabeth R. , Brubaker Linda , Gai Xiaowu , Wolfe Alan J. , Schreckenberger Paul C. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Our previous study showed that bacterial genomes can be identified using 16S rRNA sequencing in urine specimens of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients who are culture negative according to standard urine culture protocols. In the present study, we used a modified culture protocol that included plating larger volumes of urine, incubation under varied atmospheric conditions, and prolonged incubation times to demonstrate that many of the organisms identified in urine by 16S rRNA gene sequencing are, in fact, cultivable using an expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC) protocol. Sixty-five urine specimens (from 41 patients with overactive bladder and 24 controls) were examined using both the standard and EQUC culture techniques. Fifty-two of the 65 urine samples (80%) grew bacterial species using EQUC, while the majority of these (48/52 [92%]) were reported as no growth at 10
3
CFU/ml by the clinical microbiology laboratory using the standard urine culture protocol. Thirty-five different genera and 85 different species were identified by EQUC. The most prevalent genera isolated were
Lactobacillus
(15%), followed by
Corynebacterium
(14.2%),
Streptococcus
(11.9%),
Actinomyces
(6.9%), and
Staphylococcus
(6.9%). Other genera commonly isolated include
Aerococcus
,
Gardnerella
,
Bifidobacterium
, and
Actinobaculum
. Our current study demonstrates that urine contains communities of living bacteria that comprise a resident female urine microbiota.