bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An intelligent process analysis method for rapidly evaluating the quality of Chinese medicine with near‐infrared non‐contact hyperspectral imaging: A case study of Weifuchun concentrate
Authors: Zhong Yi , Wen Wu , Fan Xiaohui , Cheng Ningtao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe quality of Chinese medicine preparations can be greatly influenced by the quality of the intermediates such as extracts or concentrates. However, it is highly challenging to evaluate the quality in a rapid and non‐contact manner during manufacturing. Here, we introduce an intelligent hyperspectral analysis method integrating a self‐built abnormal region removal algorithm with machine learning and demonstrate its utility using the concentrate of Weifuchun (WFC), a traditional Chinese medicine preparation made from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra, Rabdosia Amethystoides, and Aurantii Fructus.ObjectiveTo rapidly and non‐destructively detect quality attributes of the intermediates in the manufacturing processes of Chinese medicine, an intelligent hyperspectral analysis method was developed for simultaneously quantifying the contents of naringin, neohesperidin, rosmarinic acid, and relative density of WFC concentrates.MethodologySamples were evenly spread on solid white flat bottom containers, which were batch placed on a horizontal sample stage. Subsequent to the acquisition of near‐infrared (NIR) hyperspectral images, abnormal pixels such as large/small bubbles and fine solids were first removed according to the differential pixel values in the binary grayscale map and the Mahalanobis distance metric. Then, partial least squares (PLS) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms were used to construct hyperspectral quantitative calibration models for quality attributes. The hyperspectral images were reconstructed based on these models to visually evaluate the quality of the concentrates during manufacturing.ResultsAs a case study, quality attributes of the WFC concentrates including contents of naringin, neohesperidin, rosmarinic acid, and relative density were determined simultaneously, and coefficients of determination of these quantitative correction models were 0.900, 0.891, 0.851, and 0.920, respectively.ConclusionThe method proposed in this study favors real‐time determination of multiple attributes in viscous samples with industrial application prospects.
Periplasmic electron transfer network in Geobacter sulfurreducens revealed by biomolecular interaction studies
Authors: Ferreira Marisa R. , Morgado Leonor , Salgueiro Carlos A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMultiheme cytochromes located in different compartments are crucial for extracellular electron transfer in the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens to drive important environmental processes and biotechnological applications. Recent studies have unveiled that for particular sets of electron terminal acceptors, discrete respiratory pathways selectively recruit specific cytochromes from both the inner and outer membranes. However, such specificity was not observed for the abundant periplasmic cytochromes, namely the triheme cytochrome family PpcA‐E. In this work, the distinctive NMR spectroscopic signatures of these proteins in different redox states were explored to monitor pairwise interactions and electron transfer reactions between each pair of cytochromes. The results showed that the five proteins interact transiently and can exchange electrons between each other revealing intra‐promiscuity within the members of this family. This discovery is discussed in the light of the establishment of an effective electron transfer network by this pool of cytochromes. This network is advantageous to the bacteria as it enables the maintenance of the functional working potential redox range within the cells.
The potential role of liquid–liquid phase separation in the cellular fate of the compartments for unconventional protein secretion
Authors: Mendes Luis Felipe S. , Gimenes Carolina O. , da Silva Marília D. O. , Rout Saroj K. , Riek Roland , Costa‐Filho Antonio J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEukaryotic cells have developed intricate mechanisms for biomolecule transport, particularly in stressful conditions. This interdisciplinary study delves into unconventional protein secretion (UPS) pathways activated during starvation, facilitating the export of proteins bypassing most of the components of the classical secretory machinery. Specifically, we focus on the underexplored mechanisms of the GRASP's role in UPS, particularly in biogenesis and cargo recruitment for the vesicular‐like compartment for UPS. Our results show that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) plays a key role in the coacervation of Grh1, the GRASP yeast homologue, under starvation‐like conditions. This association seems a precursor to the Compartment for Unconventional Protein Secretion (CUPS) biogenesis. Grh1's self‐association is regulated by electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen‐bonding interactions. Importantly, our study demonstrates that phase‐separated states of Grh1 can recruit UPS cargo under starvation‐like situations. Additionally, we explore how the coacervate liquid‐to‐solid transition could impact cells' ability to return to normal post‐stress states. Our findings offer insights into intracellular protein dynamics and cell adaptive responses to stress.
Equilibrium Moisture Mediated Esterification Reaction to Achieve Over 100% Lignocellulosic Nanofibrils Yield
Authors: Zheng Dingyuan , Zhu Yeling , Sun Xia , Sun Hao , Yang Pu , Yu Zhengyang , Zhu Jiaying , Ye Yuhang , Zhang Yanhua , Jiang Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLignocellulosic nanofibrils (LCNFs) isolation is recognized as an efficient strategy for maximizing biomass utilization. Nevertheless, achieving a 100% yield presents a formidable challenge. Here, an esterification strategy mediated by the equilibrium moisture in biomass is proposed for LCNFs preparation without the use of catalysts, resulting in a yield exceeding 100%. Different from anhydrous chemical thermomechanical pulp (CTMP0%), the presence of moisture (moisture content of 7 wt%, denoted as CTMP7%) introduces a notably distinct process for the pretreatment of CTMP, comprising the initial disintegration and the post‐esterification steps. The maleic acid, generated through maleic anhydride (MA) hydrolysis, degrades the recalcitrant lignin‐carbohydrate complex (LCC) structures, resulting in esterified CTMP7% (E‐CTMP7%). The highly grafted esters compensate for the mass loss resulting from the partial removal of hydrolyzed lignin and hemicellulose, ensuring a high yield. Following microfluidization, favorable LCNF7% with a high yield (114.4 ± 3.0%) and a high charge content (1.74 ± 0.09 mmol g−1) can be easily produced, surpassing most previous records for LCNFs. Additionally, LCNF7% presented highly processability for filaments, films, and 3D honeycomb structures preparation. These findings provide valuable insights and guidance for achieving a high yield in the isolation of LCNFs from biomass through the mediation of equilibrium moisture.
Semi‐Ionic F Modified N‐Doped Porous Carbon Implanted with Ruthenium Nanoclusters toward Highly Efficient pH‐Universal Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Guo Jian , Ding Rui , Li Yi , Xie Jinmei , Fang Qi , Yan Miao , Zhang Yuzhen , Yan Ziyang , Chen Zhiqiang , He Yuming , Sun Xiujuan , Liu Enhui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeveloping high electroactivity ruthenium (Ru)‐based electrocatalysts for pH‐universal hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is challenging due to the strong bonding strengths of key Ru─H/Ru─OH intermediates and sluggish water dissociation rates on active Ru sites. Herein, a semi‐ionic F‐modified N‐doped porous carbon implanted with ruthenium nanoclusters (Ru/FNPC) is introduced by a hydrogel sealing‐pyrolying‐etching strategy toward highly efficient pH‐universal hydrogen generation. Benefiting from the synergistic effects between Ru nanoclusters (Ru NCs) and hierarchically F, N‐codoped porous carbon support, such synthesized catalyst displays exceptional HER reactivity and durability at all pH levels. The optimal 8Ru/FNPC affords ultralow overpotentials of 17.8, 71.2, and 53.8 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline, neutral, and acidic media, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidate that the F‐doped substrate to support Ru NCs weakens the adsorption energies of H and OH on Ru sites and reduces the energy barriers of elementary steps for HER, thus enhancing the intrinsic activity of Ru sites and accelerating the HER kinetics. This work provides new perspectives for the design of advanced electrocatalysts by porous carbon substrate implanted with ultrafine metal NCs for energy conversion applications.
Interacted Ternary Component Ensuring High‐Security Eutectic Electrolyte for High Performance Sodium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Feng Fan , Liu Zheng , Yan Yingchun , Gong Min , Wang Guanwen , Chi Chunlei , Qi Bin , Huangfu Chao , Yang Xinhou , Cao Ke , Meng Fanshuai , Wei Tong , Fan Zhuangjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDue to the intrinsic flame‐retardant, eutectic electrolytes are considered a promising candidate for sodium‐metal batteries (SMBs). However, the high viscosity and ruinous side reaction with Na metal anode greatly hinder their further development. Herein, based on the Lewis acid‐base theory, a new eutectic electrolyte (EE) composed of sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI), succinonitrile (SN), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is reported. As a strong Lewis base, the ─C≡N group of SN can effectively weaken the interaction between Na+ and TFSI−, achieving the dynamic equilibrium and reducing the viscosity of EE. Moreover, the FEC additive shows a low energy level to construct thicker and denser solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the Na metal surface, which can effectively eliminate the side reaction between EE and Na metal anode. Therefore, EE‐1:6 + 5% FEC shows high ionic conductivity (2.62 mS cm−1) and ultra‐high transference number of Na+ (0.96). The Na||Na symmetric cell achieves stable Na plating/stripping for 1100 h and Na||Na3V2(PO4)3/C cell shows superior long‐term cycling stability over 2000 cycles (99.1% retention) at 5 C. More importantly, the Na||NVP/C pouch cell demonstrates good cycling performance of 102.1 mAh g−1 after 135 cycles at 0.5 C with an average coulombic efficiency of 99.63%.
Efficient Sorting of Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Bio‐Renewable Solvents Through Main‐Chain Engineering of Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Su En‐Jia , Chang Ting‐Wei , Lin Fong‐Yi , Lu Shi‐Ting , Tsai Yi‐Ting , Khan Shahid , Weng Yu‐Ching , Shih Chien‐Chung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConjugated polymer sorting is recognized as an efficient and scalable method for the selective extraction of semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (s‐SWCNTs). However, this process typically requires the use of nonpolar and aromatic solvents as the dispersion medium, which are petroleum‐based and carry significant production hazards. Moreover, there is still potential for improving the efficiency of batch purification. Here, this study presents fluorene‐based conjugated polymer that integrates diamines containing ethylene glycol chains (ODA) as linkers within the main chain, to effectively extract s‐SWCNTs in bio‐renewable solvents. The introduction of ODA segments enhances the solubility in bio‐renewable solvents, facilitating effective wrapping of s‐SWCNTs in polar environments. Additionally, the ODA within the main chain enhances affinity to s‐SWCNTs, thereby contributing to increased yields and purity. The polymer achieves a high sorting yield of 55% and a purity of 99.6% in dispersion of s‐SWCNTs in 2‐Methyltetrahydrofuran. Thin‐film transistor arrays fabricated with sorted s‐SWCNTs solution through slot‐die coating exhibit average charge carrier mobilities of 20–23 cm2 V⁻¹ s⁻¹ and high on/off current ratios exceeding 105 together with high spatial uniformity. This study highlights the viability of bio‐renewable solvents in the sorting process, paving the way for the eco‐friendly approach to the purification of SWCNTs.
Microcapsule Modification Strategy Empowering Separator Multifunctionality to Enhance Safety of Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Liao Can , Li Wanqing , Han Longfei , Chu Fukai , Zou Bin , Qiu Shuilai , Kan Yongchun , Song Lei , Yan Wei , He Xiangming , Hu Yuan , Zhang Jiujun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites and the flammability of electrolytes are the direct impediments to the commercial application of high‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, this study presents a novel approach that combines microencapsulation and electrospinning technologies to develop a multifunctional composite separator (P@AS) for improving the electrochemical performance and safety performance of LMBs. The P@AS separator forms a dense charcoal layer through the condensed‐phase flame retardant mechanism causing the internal separator to suffocate from lack of oxygen. Furthermore, it incorporates a triple strategy promoting the uniform flow of lithium ions, facilitating the formation of a highly ion‐conducting solid electrolyte interface (SEI), and encouraging flattened lithium deposition with active SiO2 seed points, considerably suppressing lithium dendrites growth. The high Coulombic efficiency of 95.27% is achieved in Li–Cu cells with additive‐free carbonate electrolyte. Additionally, stable cycling performance is also maintained with a capacity retention rate of 93.56% after 300 cycles in LFP//Li cells. Importantly, utilizing P@AS separator delays the ignition of pouch batteries under continuous external heating by 138 s, causing a remarkable reduction in peak heat release rate and total heat release by 23.85% and 27.61%, respectively, substantially improving the fire safety of LMBs.
Tensor factor adjustment for image classification with pervasive noises
Authors: Li Xiaochuan , Li Bingnan , Song Wenzhan , Ke Yuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper studies a tensor factor model that augments samples from multiple classes. The nuisance common patterns shared across classes are characterised by pervasive noises, and the patterns that distinguish different classes are represented by class‐specific components. Additionally, the pervasive component is modelled by the production of a low‐rank tensor latent factor and several factor loading matrices. This augmented tensor factor model can be expanded to a series of matrix variate tensor factor models and estimated using principal component analysis. The ranks of latent factors are estimated using a modified eigen‐ratio method. The proposed estimators have fast convergence rates and enjoy the blessing of dimensionality. The proposed factor model is applied to address the challenge of overlapping issues in image classification through a factor adjustment procedure. The procedure is shown to be powerful through synthetic experiments and an application to COVID‐19 pneumonia diagnosis from frontal chest X‐ray images.
A review of punching behavior of slab–column connections with recycled coarse aggregate concrete
Authors: Ramos António , Marchão Carla , Pacheco João Nuno , Enfedaque Alejandro , Coronelli Dario , Faria Duarte , de Brito Jorge , Ruiz Miguel Fernández , Marreiros Rui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a state‐of‐art regarding the punching of flat slabs made with coarse recycled concrete aggregate concrete (CRCAC). Punching shear is a phenomenon that occurs in reinforced concrete slabs when concentrated loads are applied near a column or other support. It refers to the failure mechanism where the concrete reaches shear failure at a critical section around the column. CRCAC is a structural material that conforms with circular economy concepts, but its design for punching using current formulae may be unsafe due to the lower strength of the concrete that can be caused by the shape or the surface cleanness of the recycled aggregates when compared with the natural ones. The results highlight the need for further research on this area, since the available experimental results are few and mainly from tests with thin slab specimens. Since the punching phenomenon is dependent on the scale effect, it is mandatory to have more results for slabs with representative thickness. The applicability of the models for punching resistance in EC2, ACI318‐19, and the upcoming second generation of EC2 was also investigated. These codes can produce safe estimates for CRCAC slabs. However, it was found that the second generation of EC2 is less conservative than the other models.
Comparison of a conventional image processing approach with an artificial neural network approach to three‐dimensionally trace multiple particles in dynamic x‐ray microtomography experiments under laboratory conditions
Authors: Siebert Judith Marie Undine , Wolf Martin , Odenbach Stefan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper compares a classic digital image processing approach to trace particles in laboratory x‐ray micro‐computed tomography (µCT), which is based on a combination of random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm and least squares ellipse fitting (LSF), with an approach based on artificial neural networks (ANNs). In order to be able to perform the comparison, dynamic experiments were carried out in a laboratory microtomography facility. During active scans with a duration of 30–75 s several sedimentation experiments have been carried out with an exposure time of 0.13 s/projection. Through the movement of the particles during the scan curved motion artefacts in the reconstructed data occur, where the vertex marks the coordinate of the particle. It could be shown that both approaches enable the tracing of particles in laboratory x‐ray µCT with deviations from a manually evaluated result of exemplarily 1.25% for the conventional digital image processing (CDIP) and 0.48% for the ANN. It was found that ANNs are able to identify particle positions in non‐symmetrical motion artefacts, appearing around the first and last position of the particles in the scan, allowing an extension of the motion range of the particles that can be evaluated. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages. Due to the high complexity and size as well as partly black box structures of neural networks, they are not 100% comprehensible whereas conventional image processing is 100% transparent and understandable. But because of the complexity of the tracing of particles, the CDIP code offers many parameters that can be set, which is why the application is therefore slightly more complex.
Die angewendete Auswertungsmethode: Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Auswertung der Tagebücher sowie der dazugehörigen Interviews erfolgte anhand der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Udo Kuckartz (2018). Um die erhobenen Daten zu strukturieren und anhand dieser Strukturierung zu analysieren, wurde die Inhaltlich strukturierende Inhaltsanalyse gewählt, deren Ablauf nachfolgend beschrieben wird.
Zusammenfassung und Diskussion der Ergebnisse
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse dieser Studie theoretisch verdichtet und in Hinblick auf eine mögliche Implementierung des Tagebuchs diskutiert. Dabei soll die Frage beantwortet werden, inwiefern das Tagebuch als unterstützendes Instrument in der Begleitung und Unterstützung von pflegenden Angehörigen von Menschen mit Demenz angewendet werden kann und welche Bedingungen für eine erfolgreiche Anwendung und Implementierung des Tagebuchs erforderlich sind. In einem ersten Schritt werden hierfür die wesentlichen Ergebnisse in Bezug auf Energieräuber und schöne Momente dargestellt und in Hinblick auf bereits bestehende Literatur theoretisch eingebettet.
Pflegende Angehörige
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDer aktuellen Pflegestatistik (Stand 2022) zufolge sind in Deutschland etwa 5,0 Millionen Menschen im Sinne des SGB XI pflegebedürftig. Ein Großteil dieser pflegebedürftigen Menschen (84 %; 4,2 Millionen) wird dabei in der Häuslichkeit von pflegenden Angehörigen begleitet und versorgt. Etwa 63 % dieser pflegebedürftigen Personen bezieht hierbei ausschließlich Pflegegeld, weshalb davon auszugehen ist, dass diese in der Regel hauptsächlich in Unterstützung von pflegenden Angehörigen begleitet und versorgt werden (Statistisches Bundesamt, 2022).
Localization and resummation of unstable instantons in 2d Yang-Mills
Authors: Griguolo Luca , Panerai Rodolfo , Papalini Jacopo , Seminara Domenico , Yaakov Itamar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We compute the exact all-orders perturbative expansion for the partition function of 2d SU(2) Yang-Mills theory on closed surfaces around higher critical points of the classical action. We demonstrate that the expansion can be derived from the lattice partition function for all genera using a distributional generalization of the Poisson summation formula. We then recompute the expansion directly, using a stationary phase version of supersymmetric localization. The result of localization is a novel effective action which is itself a distribution rather than a function of the supersymmetric moduli. We comment on possible applications to A-twisted models and their analogs in higher dimensions.
Osseous bridging of the condylar fossa: report of a rare anatomical variation at the outer skull base
Authors: Wolf-Vollenbröker Michael , Prescher Andreas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The topic of osseous variations of the craniocervical junction is a complex morphological and embryological chapter of human anatomy, with a possible impact on neurogical and vascular functionality in this morphological variable region.

Material & methods
An until now undescribed anatomical variation of the exoccipital part of the occipital bone has been observed after maceration at the outer skull base of a West-European 68-year-old male body donor.

Results
On both sites of the foramen magnum accessory osseous processes were observed that arise from the jugular process and point towards the lateral margin of the foramen magnum. On the left site this process forms a full arc that bridges the condylar fossa completely.

Conclusion
The observed osseous bridge over the condylar fossa has not been reported on before and can be explained by the partial persistence of a primordial vertebra between atlas and occipital bone: the Proatlas. The resulting accessory structure may affect due to its topographic conditions the V3-Segment of the vertebral artery and its accompanying nerves, and thus, play a role in diagnosis and therapy of vascular and/or neurological symptoms of head and neck.