bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synchronously Formed Hetero‐ and Hollow Core‐Branch Nanostructure Toward Wideband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Li Xiaopeng , Luo Juhua , Wang Qibiao , Liu Xing , Huang Zhoutao , Xia Panyi , Wu Yuhan , Dai Ziyang , Li Xiangcheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe intrinsic limitation of low electrical conductivity of MoSe2 resulted in inferior dielectric properties, which restricts its electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) performances. Herein, a bimetallic selenide of MoSe2/CoSe2@N‐doped carbon (NC) composites with hollow core‐branch nanostructures are synthesized via the selenization treatment of MoO3 nanorods coated with ZIF‐67. By adjusting the mass ratio of ZIF‐67 to MoO3, the electromagnetic parameters and morphologies of composites are finely tuned, further ameliorating the impedance matching and EMWA performances. The involvement of NC improves the electronic conductivity of the composites. The synchronously formed heterostructure not only facilitates charge transfer but also leads to the accumulation and uneven distribution of charges, thus enhancing the conductive loss and polarization loss. The hollow core‐branch nanostructure provides abundant conductive networks, heterointerfaces, and voids, significantly enhancing the EMWA property. Density functional theory implies that the heterostructures effectively boost charge transport and change charge distribution, which heightens the conductive loss and polarization loss. As a result, the composites demonstrate a minimum reflection loss value of −53.53 dB at 9.04 GHz, alongside a maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 6.32 GHz. This work offers invaluable insights into novel structural designs for future research and applications.
Vanadium Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets Anchoring on Carbon Cloth as High‐Energy Density Cathode for Magnesium–Lithium Hybrid Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yuqiang , Xiao Weiqiang , Zhao Yingying , Li Jinhang , Yang Di , Zhu Chunling , Chen Yujin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMagnesium–lithium‐ion hybrid batteries (MLIBs) have gained significant attention since the combination of a dendrite‐free and low‐cost magnesium anode with lithium‐ion storage cathodes. However, the lack of high‐performance cathodes has severely hindered their development, limited by the lower operating voltages of electrolytes. Herein, vanadium molybdenum disulfide nanosheets anchoring on flexible carbon cloth (VMS@CC) are constructed as high‐performance cathodes for MLIBs, which inherit the electrochemical properties of high‐voltage VS2 and high‐capacity MoS2, simultaneously. By adjusting the V and Mo atomic ratio, the VMS@CC cathode for MLIBs delivers a record maximum energy density of 275.5 Wh kg−1 with a high working voltage of 1.07 V at 50 mA g−1. Meanwhile, under the synergistic effects of the conductive carbon cloth matrix, abundant hetero‐interfaces and defects, as well as expanded interlayer spacing, the VMS@CC cathode displays superior rate capability and long‐term cycling stability. Ex situ analyses demonstrate the VMS nanosheets cathode exhibits a Li+/Mg2+ co‐insertion/extraction mechanism in MLIBs, following the in situ insertion of organic species in the hybrid electrolyte during the aging process. The fabricated flexible cathode herein provides a new insight into the construction of high‐energy density cathodes for MLIBs.
Disruptive or New Potential Trends
Authors: Hansen Henning Otte 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter discusses selected and potential future disruptions, i.e., incidents which may destroy or fundamentally change previous megatrends. A number of such potential disruptions or new potential trends are identified and are divided into categories: Geopolitical instability is both a likely and an effective disruption, which will affect megatrends in agriculture, the food industry and food markets. Deglobalization can also be a consequence of geopolitical instability. E-commerce, or e-trade or online trade may become dominant, and this will disrupt the entire present value chain. Artificial meat is a potential technological disruption that may have a major impact on the entire food system. Technological and not least biotechnological advances are dominant and seem to continue and spread globally. The industrialization of agriculture continues and in the longer-term agriculture will become bio-industrial enterprises.
The Position of Agriculture
Authors: Hansen Henning Otte 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe position of agriculture follows quite unique global trends: The economic, political and social significance of agriculture reduces in line with increasing economic development. This is because agriculture is exposed to specific political and market conditions, which play a decisive role. The change in the position of agriculture is driven by a series of different internal and external conditions. Agriculture's share of total production, export, import, added value, employment, etc., is declining globally. Also the food industry becomes less important as economic welfare increases, even though this industry takes over a significant portion of the food processing that previously was performed on the farms or in the households. Overall, the development is characterized by resources being transferred from agriculture into other sectors, which means that agriculture is becoming less important.
Bridging two quantum quench problems — local joining quantum quench and Möbius quench — and their holographic dual descriptions
Authors: Kudler-Flam Jonah , Nozaki Masahiro , Numasawa Tokiro , Ryu Shinsei , Tan Mao Tian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We establish an equivalence between two different quantum quench problems, the joining local quantum quench and the Möbius quench, in the context of (1 + 1)-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT). Here, in the former, two initially decoupled systems (CFTs) on finite intervals are joined at t = 0. In the latter, we consider the system that is initially prepared in the ground state of the regular homogeneous Hamiltonian on a finite interval and, after t = 0, let it time-evolve by the so-called Möbius Hamiltonian that is spatially inhomogeneous. The equivalence allows us to relate the time-dependent physical observables in one of these problems to those in the other. As an application of the equivalence, we construct a holographic dual of the Möbius quench from that of the local quantum quench. The holographic geometry involves an end-of-the-world brane whose profile exhibits non-trivial dynamics.
On the cosmological abundance of magnetic monopoles
Authors: Zhang Chen , Zhang Shi-Hao , Fu Bowen , Zhang Jing-Fei , Zhang Xin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate that Debye shielding cannot be employed to constrain the cosmological abundance of magnetic monopoles, contrary to what is stated in the previous literature. Current model-independent bounds on the monopole abundance are then revisited for unit Dirac magnetic charge. We find that the Andromeda Parker bound can be employed to set an upper limit on the monopole flux at the level of FM ≲ 5.3 × 10−19cm−2s−1sr−1 for a monopole mass 1013 GeV/c2 ≲ m ≲ 1016 GeV/c2, which is more stringent than the MACRO direct search limit by two orders of magnitude. This translates into stringent constraints on the monopole density parameter ΩM at the level of 10−7˘10−4 depending on the mass. For larger monopole masses the scenarios in which magnetic monopoles account for all or the majority of dark matter are disfavored.
Effectiveness of a two-tiered trauma team activation system at a level I trauma center
Authors: Abu-Aiada Jamela , Quint Elchanan , Dykman Daniel , Czeiger David , Shaked Gad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Many trauma patients who are transported to our level I trauma center have minor injuries that do not require full trauma team activation (FTTA). Thus, we implemented a two-tiered TTA system categorizing patients into red and yellow code alerts, indicating FTTA and Limited TTA (LTTA) requirements, respectively. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of this triage tool by evaluating its diagnostic parameters (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), undertriage and overtriage) and comparing injury severity between the two groups.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to a Level I trauma center. Characteristics compared between the red and yellow code groups included demographics, injury severity, treatments, and hospital length of stay (LOS). Calculating the diagnostic parameters was based on Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the need for life-saving surgery or procedures.

Results
Significant differences in injury severity indicators were observed between the two groups. Patients in the red code group had a higher ISS and New Injury Severity Score (NISS), a lower Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), and probability of survival. They had a longer hospital LOS, a higher Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission rate and required more emergency operations. The Sensitivity of the triage tool was 85.2%, specificity was 55.6%, PPV was 74.2%, NPV was 71.5%, undertriage was 14.7%, and overtriage was 25.7%.

Conclusion
The two-tiered TTA system effectively distinguish between patients with major trauma who need FTTA and patients with minor trauma who can be managed by LTTA.
Branched-chain amino acids: physico-chemical properties, industrial synthesis and role in signaling, metabolism and energy production
Authors: Reifenberg Philipp , Zimmer Aline 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBranched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)—leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), and valine (Val)—are essential nutrients with significant roles in protein synthesis, metabolic regulation, and energy production. This review paper offers a detailed examination of the physico-chemical properties of BCAAs, their industrial synthesis, and their critical functions in various biological processes. The unique isomerism of BCAAs is presented, focusing on analytical challenges in their separation and quantification as well as their solubility characteristics, which are crucial for formulation and purification applications. The industrial synthesis of BCAAs, particularly using bacterial strains like Corynebacterium glutamicum, is explored, alongside methods such as genetic engineering aimed at enhancing production, detailing the enzymatic processes and specific precursors. The dietary uptake, distribution, and catabolism of BCAAs are reviewed as fundamental components of their physiological functions. Ultimately, their multifaceted impact on signaling pathways, immune function, and disease progression is discussed, providing insights into their profound influence on muscle protein synthesis and metabolic health. This comprehensive analysis serves as a resource for understanding both the basic and complex roles of BCAAs in biological systems and their industrial application.
Fragilität und Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in der gynäkologischen Onkologie
Authors: Schröder Maria , Battista Marco J. , Hasenburg Annette , Gillen Katharina 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungEnhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) ist ein multiprofessionelles Modell zur Verbesserung der Versorgungsqualität von Patientinnen nach gynäkologisch-chirurgischem Eingriff. Standardisierte ERAS-Protokolle spielen in der gynäkologischen Onkologie eine entscheidende Rolle hinsichtlich einer Reduktion der Morbidität. Die Einführung erfordert eine Planung im interdisziplinären Team und bedarf neben einer leitliniengerechten Therapie stets der Anpassung an die individuellen Bedürfnisse der Patientinnen. Bei älteren Tumorpatientinnen treten Fragilität und Vulnerabilität in Bezug auf externe Stressoren gehäuft auf. Diese Patientinnen haben eine verlängerte Rekonvaleszenz nach ausgedehnten operativen Verfahren und ein deutlich erhöhtes Risiko für einen komplikationsreichen postoperativen Verlauf, auch verbunden mit höheren Gesundheitskosten. Der holistische Ansatz zur Betreuung fragiler Patientinnen mit gynäkoonkologischen Grunderkrankungen im interprofessionellen Team sollte die perioperative Versorgung standardisieren.
Oncolytic virus and tumor-associated macrophage interactions in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Lecoultre Marc , Walker Paul R. , El Helali Aya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOncolytic viruses (OV) are a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Their capacity to promote anti-tumoral immunity locally raises hope that cancers unresponsive to current immunotherapy approaches could be tackled more efficiently. In this context, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) must be considered because of their pivotal role in cancer immunity. Even though TAM tend to inhibit anti-tumoral responses, their ability to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and phagocytose cancer cells can be harnessed to promote therapeutic cancer immunity. OVs have the potential to promote TAM pro-inflammatory functions that favor anti-tumoral immunity. But in parallel, TAM pro-inflammatory functions induce OV clearance in the tumor, thereby limiting OV efficacy and highlighting that the interaction between OV and TAM is a double edge sword. Moreover, engineered OVs were recently developed to modulate specific TAM functions such as phagocytic activity. The potential of circulating monocytes to deliver OV into the tumor after intravenous administration is also emerging. In this review, we will present the interaction between OV and TAM, the potential of engineered OV to modulate specific TAM functions, and the promising role of circulating monocytes in OV delivery to the tumor.
Adaptive multi-criteria decision making for electric vehicles: a hybrid approach based on RANCOM and ESP-SPOTIS
Authors: Więckowski Jakub , Wątróbski Jarosław , Shkurina Anna , Sałabun Wojciech 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn today’s globalized technological area, aligning decisions with customer preferences is crucial yet challenging due to the complexities and uncertainties involved. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) serves as a vital tool for constructing support systems that cater to customer-centric trends. While existing MCDA methods vary in their calculation concepts, some prioritize ideal solutions, while others accommodate personalized preferences within dynamic decision contexts. Moreover, determining the relevance of criteria based on expert knowledge adds another layer of personalization to the evaluation process, further individualizing decision-making. However, current decision models often fail to integrate these concepts, leaving a gap in how recommendations can be enhanced when both are combined. To address these challenges, this paper introduces an innovative approach integrating Ranking Comparison and Expected Solution Point Stable Preference Ordering Towards Ideal Solution methods. This hybrid model incorporates personalization into multi-criteria evaluation, catering to individual preferences. By representing customer preferences through two distinct measures, the proposed approach ensures personalized recommendations aligned with decision-makers’ needs. The efficacy of the hybrid model was validated through its application to the electric vehicle selection problem. The verification process highlighted potential disparities compared to other multi-criteria approaches, establishing a consumer preference-based Decision Support System approach for more precise and personalized selection recommendations.
Touches across time: queer as provenance
Authors: Freeman Elliot 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCarolyn Dinshaw describes her queer historical practice as being about looking for “an affective connection, for community, for even a touch across time” (1999, p 21). Queer engagements with records—these touches across time—are not easily or adequately accounted for in current conceptualisations of provenance. The dissonance between how we currently understand record co-creation, and the historical perspectives and recordkeeping needs of queer users, substantially and negatively impacts the visibility and accessibility of queer histories in institutional archival settings. In this paper, I articulate the proposed concept of queer as provenance. I argue that we must extend our current conceptualisation of multiple provenance beyond mere co-creatorship. With a focus on queer records and record users, I argue that we must expand our understanding to encapsulate not only the relationship between record, creator, and subject, but also the relationship between record, creator, subject, and user. Through a continuum lens, I consider how queer/ing engagements and interactions with, and responses to, queer records could and should inform our descriptive practices, and explore the potential of considering queer users as co-creators within such a dynamic. I conclude by articulating queer as provenance and consider its potential as a foundation on which transformative, reparative, and liberatory archival practices might be built.
Experimental behaviour of ductile diagonal connections for rack supported warehouses
Authors: Natali Agnese , Morelli Francesco , Vulcu Cristian , Tsarpalis Dimitrios , Vamvatsikos Dimitrios , Salvatore Walter , Hoffmeister Benno , Vayas Ioannis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSteel racking systems are widely adopted for storage purposes: they are thin-walled structures composed of consecutive trusses, connected with beams on which the palletized goods are stored. Their geometry and structural configuration strongly depend on market and operator necessities, and, in modern applications, racks can also function as the supporting structure of the warehouse itself in the form of Rack Supported or High-Bay Warehouses. With the increase of the overall geometric dimensions and the global weight of the stored material, the seismic action becomes more relevant for the design. Along these lines, the development and experimental testing of a dedicated seismic design approach for ductile steel racks is here presented, with particular attention to Rack Supported Warehouses. This approach exploits the ductility of trusses introduced via the plastic ovalization mechanism of the diagonal-to-upright connections while a tailored capacity design is used to assure the elastic behaviour of the rest of the structure and to keep the brittle failure mechanisms at bay.
Transfer Efficiency and Organization in Turbulent Transport over Alpine Tundra
Authors: Mack Laura , Berntsen Terje Koren , Vercauteren Nikki , Pirk Norbert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe exchange of momentum, heat and trace gases between atmosphere and surface is mainly controlled by turbulent fluxes. Turbulent mixing is usually parametrized using Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST), which was derived for steady turbulence over homogeneous and flat surfaces, but is nevertheless routinely applied to unsteady turbulence over non-homogeneous surfaces. We study four years of eddy-covariance measurements at a highly heterogeneous alpine valley site in Finse, Norway, to gain insights into the validity of MOST, the turbulent transport mechanisms and the contributing coherent structures. The site exhibits a bimodal topography-following flux footprint, with the two dominant wind sectors characterized by organized and strongly negative momentum flux, but different anisotropy and contributions of submeso-scale motions, leading to a failure of eddy-diffusivity closures and different transfer efficiencies for different scalars. The quadrant analysis of the momentum flux reveals that under stable conditions sweeps transport more momentum than the more frequently occurring ejections, while the opposite is observed under unstable stratification. From quadrant analysis, we derive the ratio of the amount of disorganized to organized structures, that we refer to as organization ratio (OR). We find an invertible relation between transfer efficiency and corresponding organization ratio with an algebraic sigmoid function. The organization ratio further explains the scatter around scaling functions used in MOST and thus indicates that coherent structures modify MOST. Our results highlight the critical role of coherent structures in turbulent transport in heterogeneous tundra environments and may help to find new parametrizations for numerical weather prediction or climate models.
The Varieties of Money Laundering and the Determinants of Offender Choices
Authors: Riccardi Michele , Reuter Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTwo images dominate discussion of money laundering. Investigative journalists and politicians stress the variety and sophistication of methods that have been used to launder money of corrupt officials and white collar offenders. The research literature, largely dependent on criminal cases, emphasizes how unsophisticated and routine are the laundering methods used by drug dealers and other illegal market participants. The discrepancy may reflect the incapacity of police to detect sophisticated money laundering but it may also represent the reality; different groups of offenders choose different methods. This paper presents a theoretical framework to explain how offenders choose to launder their criminal earnings. Specifically it asks: what determines the sophistication of the method chosen? Among the variables that we suggest influence the choice are: (a) the type of predicate crime and of crime proceeds, (b) the type of offender (age, education, social status), (c) his/her motivations, (d) the AML environment and the level of AML controls. The paper provides arguments from criminological and economic theory for how these variables might play a role. Without claiming that individual cases can test the theory, we offer some case narratives to suggest the plausibility of the factors that we propose.
Exogenous Hazard Rates and Precautionary Behaviour in Resource Economic Dynamics
Authors: Nævdal Eric 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEconomic analysis of catastrophic risk is a topic that unfortunately has become more relevant since the 1960s. An important question when a vital resource stock is at risk is whether one should invest more in the stock to create a buffer against a catastrophe or allow the stock to decrease as risk makes its future value decrease. The present paper analyses exogenous catastrophic risk where the probability of catastrophe cannot be controlled. Conditions for when precautionary behaviour is optimal are given with general functional forms. The paper analyses both problems with a single catastrophe and problems with an infinite sequence of catastrophes. It is shown that most of the results pertaining to a single catastrophe carry over to the case with an infinite number of catastrophes.