bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of daily covering material for biocells
Authors: Bendere R. , Smigins R. , Medne O. , Berzina- Cimdina L. , Rugele K. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Bioreactor landfilling, with the acceptance of landfill Directive 1999/31/EC has lost its actuality in European Union; at the same time, this method can still be used for acceleration of biowaste degradation and biogas production. One of the possibilities to reduce the disposal of biowaste is to use biocells for its anaerobic pre-treatment before landfilling. The daily filling up of such a cell requires isolation of the main volume to limit gas emissions, reduce smells, etc. Bioprocesses that are of the utmost importance for biocell treatment are often not taken into account in selection of materials to be used as daily landfill covers. Based on physical, chemical and biological methods the investigations have been carried out into different covering materials offered in the market, with identification of parameters that are the most important for daily covering the biocells. It is found that the materials fitted best this purpose should be of biological origin and consist of small bio-particles with large surface, without the inhibitors of anaerobic processes such as sulphuric compounds.
Determination of two-liquid mixture composition by assessing its dielectric parameters 2. modified measuring system for monitoring the dehydration process of bioethanol production
Authors: Vilitis O. , Shipkovs P. , Merkulovs D. , Rucins A. , Zihmane-Ritina K. , Bremers G. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In Part 2 of the work we describe a modified measuring system for precise monitoring of the dehydration process of bioethanol production. This is based on the earlier proposed system for measuring the concentration of solutions and two-liquid mixtures using devices with capacitive sensors (1-300pF), which provides a stable measuring resolution of ± 0.005 pF at measuring the capacitance of a sensor. In this part of our work we determine additional requirements that are to be imposed on the measuring system at monitoring the ethanol dehydration process and control of bioethanol production. The most important parameters of the developed measuring system are identified. An exemplary calculation is given for the thermocompensated calibration of measuring devices. The results of tests have shown a good performance of the developed measuring system.
Research into the 3d roughness of a rough surface
Authors: Avisane A. , Rudzitis J. , Springis G. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
One of the most important parameters in determination of the deformation associated with roughness is its height on the surface. The authors study the density of probability distribution as related to the surface peak height (SPH) and estimate the mathematical expectation (ME) of SPH for the roughness values above a determined deformation level. In the contact theory, the surface is modelled as a normal random field described by the Nayak SPH formula. Since this formula is practically inapplicable in the engineering tasks, the authors propose to replace it by a simpler distribution law. For this purpose the former is compared with two other formulas obeying the most known probability distribution laws: of normal distribution (Gauss’) law and Rayleigh’s law. Comparison of these three formulas made it possible to derive a simpler yet sufficiently precise one. In the work, the numerical values of the density of SPH probability distribution and the relevant ME values at different deformation levels for all three formulas.
PREDICTION OF THE NET INDICATED EFFICIENCY AND PUMPING LOSSES OF A THROTTLED SI ENGINE AT PART LOAD
Authors: Miklánek Ľubomír , Macek Jan 
Published: March 2014

SHRNUTÍ
Tato studie popisuje vliv změny indikovane učinnosti vysokotlake časti pracovniho cyklu (hiHP) na indikovanou učinnost celeho cyklu (hi) a pumpovnich ztrat (pro udrženi konstantni hodnoty středniho efektivniho tlaku) pro připad zažehoveho motoru škrceneho v sacim traktu v nizkem zatiženi. Za učelem zjištěni těchto zavislosti byl sestrojen jednoduchy matematicky model. Model umožňuje počitat vztahy mezi indikovanou učinnosti vysokotlake časti pracovniho cyklu, indikovanou učinnosti celeho cyklu a take středni hodnotou tlaku v průběhu saciho zdvihu pistu (ps). Navrženy model byl kalibrovan a nasledně verifikovan pomoci experimentalně pořizenych dat. Experimentalni prace byly provedeny na testovacim zažehovem, čtyřvalcovem motoru s pohonem na zemni plyn, pracujici se stechiometrickou koncepci a vybavenym take třicestnym katalyzatorem. Cilem experimentů bylo navic najit řešeni pro dalši zvyšeni učinnosti vysokotlake časti v porovnani s optimalnim konvenčnim nastavenim motoru. I když samozřejmě existuje jednoduchy způsob pro změnu (sniženi) hodnoty indikovane učinnosti vysokotlake časti pracovniho cyklu pouhym rozladěnim optimalni hodnoty předstihu zažehu, tato varianta nebyla cilem vyzkumu autorů. Z tohoto důvodu byla pro tento učel ve finale zvolena varianta s aplikaci specialni zapalovaci svičky do každeho valce motoru. Jak ze simulaci tak z experimentů bylo zjištěno, že se zvyšenim indikovane učinnosti vysokotlake časti pracovniho cyklu dochazi ke zvyšeni jak indikovane učinnosti celeho cyklu tak take pumpovnich ztrat a obraceně, což se předpokladalo.
DESIGN ASSISTANCE SYSTEM APPLICATIONS FOR SIMULATION OF IC ENGINE DYNAMICS
Authors: Tichánek Radek , Bogomolov Sergii 
Published: March 2014

SHRNUTÍ
Design Assistance System (DASY)[1] umožňuje použit přistup, kdy konstrukter/vypočtař potřebuje propojit všechny aspekty navrhu pro dosaženi optimalniho řešeni. Tento članek je zaměřen na prezentaci vybranych vypočetnich metod a jejich integrace do DASY. Metody kombinuji CAD konstrukčni navrhy současti spalovaciho motoru s modely pro vypočet dynamiky klikoveho a rozvodoveho mechanismu. Vypočetni modely jsou řešeny v komerčnim softwaru nebo přimo v DASY. Koncept pro navrhovani zdvihove křivky ventilů je představen jako zastupce metod, ktere mohou byt řešeny přimo v DASY pomoci Gauss-Newtonovy iteračni metody. Vyvinute koncepty mohou byt dale začleneny do modelu celeho motoru nebo vozidla diky blokove struktuře DASY
COMMON RAIL INJECTOR LEAK TESTING
Authors: Scholz Celestýn , Starý Petr 
Published: March 2014

SHRNUTÍ
Članek popisuje obecne možnosti zjišťovani vnitřni a vnějši těsnosti jednotlivych časti injektoru pro vysokotlaky palivovy system Common Rail. Na konkretnim injektoru Bosch pro motor Cummins se presentuje vlastni metoda měřeni těsnosti trysky, kuličkoveho ventilu a vnitřni časti tyčky ovladajici jehlu trysky. Testovani teto vnitřni časti injektoru je důležite pro ověřeni vlivu uprav, ktere jsou potřebne pro měřeni a vyzkum pohybu jehly trysky.
Removal of vanadium, potassium and iron from spent vanadium catalyst by leaching with citric acid at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Mazurek Krzysztof 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The effect of time, temperature, the catalyst particle size and the ratio of the catalyst weight to the leaching solution volume (S:L) on the treatment of spent vanadium catalyst components was determined using citric acid solutions at atmospheric pressure. The optimal parameters of catalyst leaching in 10% acid solutions at atmospheric pressure are: T = 323 K, t = 4 h, the particle size of less than 0.160 mm, the S:L ratio below 0.1. Under these conditions it was possible to dissolve about 90% of vanadium and potassium compounds and more than 60% of iron compounds contained in the catalyst. These results fall within the scope of research on a comprehensive method for recovering spent vanadium catalyst components.
ANFIS based prediction of the aluminum extraction from boehmite bauxite in the Bayer process
Authors: Mihajlović Ivan , Đurić Isidora , Živković Živan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This paper presents the results of nonlinear statistical modeling of the bauxite leaching process, as part of Bayer technology for alumina production. Based on the data, collected during the year 2011 from the industrial production in the alumina factory Birač, Zvornik (Bosnia and Herzegovina), nonlinear statistical modeling of the industrial process was performed. The model was developed as an attempt to define the dependence of the Al2O3 degree of recovery as a function of input parameters of the leaching process: content of Al2O3, SiO2 and Fe2O3 in the bauxite, as well as content of Na2Ocaustic and Al2O3 in the starting sodium aluminate solution. As the statistical modeling tool, Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) was used. The model, defined by the ANFIS methodology, expressed a high fitting level and accordingly can be used for the efficient prediction of the Al2O3 degree of recovery, as a function of the process inputs under the industrial conditions.
Linking process variables and newsprint properties in Mazandaran Wood and paper Industries
Authors: Hadi Moradian Mohammad , Resalati Hossein 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Pulp and paper industries have provided great research opportunities to control systems. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between 80 process variables of CMP tower and stock preparation, and 17 newsprint quality properties in Mazandaran Wood and Paper Industries (MWPI). After the preparation of two suitable data series considering the time needed for pulp to paper, the relations between process dependent and newsprint independent variables were determined using partial least squares (PLS) regression. As a result, two PLS models were developed. The first model with 4 latent vectors categorized and related CMP tower variables and the second one, through 8 latent vectors connected stock preparation variables with paper properties. PLS regression coefficients determined how much the most influencing process variables impact each paper properties
There's Something about Mary
Authors: Benjamin Shanna Greene 
Published: March 2014

AbstractLittle more than a decade after publishing Invisible Man (1952), Ralph Ellison published “Out of the Hospital and under the Bar” (1963): an excised chapter of the novel that portrayed Mary Rambo—a black woman represented stereotypically in the published manuscript—as a necessary agent in the protagonist's emergence from the paint-factory hospital. As scholars have contested the significance of this chapter and Mary's representation in it, the Invisible Man drafts, made available to the public in 1998, reveal that this chapter is more significant than previously thought: this section of the novel underwent more revision than any other and is the sole portion of the drafts to be published as a narrative unto itself. This essay explains how the expurgated chapter reveals how voice, agency, and memory affect Invisible Man's physical and psychological ascent and confirms Ellison's deep respect for the wisdom imbedded within black folk culture. By reading Mary Rambo alongside her peers who also represent a folk past—namely Trueblood, Peter Wheatstraw, and Brother Tarp—this essay offers early evidence of Ellison's image of the modern black protagonist and prompts us to imagine what might have been had Invisible Man been able to experience the fullness of Mary's folk wisdom as Ellison had originally conceived.
Building the Neo-Archive
Authors: Johnson Erica L. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Dionne Brand's memoir, A Map to the Door of No Return: Notes to Belonging, touches on the author's childhood in Trinidad and adulthood in Canada but is equally concerned with understanding and intervening in the larger histories among which Brand situates her identity. A lush work of memories, poetry, and criticism, the work presents vignettes from the author's life alongside her meditations on writing, history, mapmaking, and most important for this essay, the archives. Brand's memoir is replete with supporting materials that range from ffteenth-century journals and letters to contemporary critical theory, from geographers' logs to films and pop culture. Her sources are rich and varied, and they can be broken down into three general types: the historical archives written during the “age of exploration” and the slave trade; the contemporary archives of newspapers and journals; and the creative archive of postcolonial writers, or what I am calling the neo-archive. Brand's memoir participates in an entire genre of postcolonial and in particular Caribbean literature that addresses the colonial archive. She thus provides a singular overview of the neo-archive by bringing many of these texts into dialogue with one another, and she explores as well the dialogue between such texts and the dozens of archival fragments she incorporates into her self-portrait.
Telling Stories of Trafficking
Authors: Hua Julietta 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Human trafficking has gained attention world-wide, and stories about victimization and violence help to define the so-called underground activities of trafficking. Rather than ask what counts as an instance of human trafficking, this essay considers how we come to see one situation as trafficking and not another. The essay asks what is at stake in prioritizing certain narratives over others, and what such prioritizing takes for granted.
« Monnaie privée et pouvoir des princes » : Éléments pour une discussion
Authors: Courbis Bernard 
Published: March 2014

Four contributions are presented to the debate around this book.
Bernard Courbis discusses the private mintage of the merchant-bankers, advocated in the book, from the point of view of the two functions of money. The function of account leads to underline the specifically monetary role of the unit of account of the Prince (nominalism). The function of payment allows to show that the bill of exchange is more an instrument of credit than a means of payment.
Daniel Diatkine asks a question about the merchant-banker's systematic enrichment. Must it be attributed to the fact that the merchant-banker had an access to general equivalent or to the fact that he had access to the liquidity par excellence ?
According to Eric Froment, the right understanding of modern money needs to give more developments to the phenomenon of credit and less to the one of change.
Marie-Thérèse Boyer-Xambeu, Ghislain Deleplace and Lucien Gillard analyse the criticisms and suggestions made in the three papers above and in the other comments yet published ; they try to make more precise some facts presented and concepts used in the book, in the light of their paper Towards a typology of monetary regimes published in this issue of the Cahiers.
Occupancy Modeling of Woodpeckers: Maximizing Detections for Multiple Species With Multiple Spatial Scales
Authors: Baumgardt Jeremy A. , Sauder Joel D. , Nicholson Kerry L. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Numerous forest birds benefit from woodpecker presence or have similar habitat requirements. Monitoring populations of forest woodpeckers can be useful for management decisions regarding these and other forest species. Usefulness of monitoring efforts depends on methods used and the quality of resulting parameter estimates. Estimating the proportion of area occupied by a species can be an attractive and affordable alternative to abundance or survival estimates. The purpose of this study was to assess the distribution and area of occupancy for pileated woodpeckers (Drycopus pileatus) and American three-toed woodpeckers (Picoides dorsalis) in north-central Idaho, and to compare occupancy estimates using silent point counts, playback surveys, and playback surveys that incorporated estimates of detection probability (p). We used a hierarchical multiscale framework that allowed estimation of occupancy at two spatial scales and applied a removal design such that repeat visits to sampling stations was not necessary to estimate p. The initial naïve estimate of occupancy (using presence–absence data) for pileated woodpecker was 0.39, which increased to 0.59 using playback surveys. The corrected estimate of occupancy at the 1-km2 unit scale was 0.70. The naïve estimates of occupancy for American three-toed woodpeckers using silent point counts and playback surveys were 0.14 and 0.34, respectively. The unbiased estimate of occupancy at the 1-km2 unit scale was 0.71. Detection probabilities are known to vary spatially and temporally for numerous reasons. Thus, comparisons of naïve estimates of occupancy to monitor forest woodpeckers would be imprudent and could lead to poor management decisions. We recommend incorporating detection probability for monitoring wildlife species and show how this can be done within a single sampling framework for species that utilize the landscape at disparate scales.
Exploring the Relationship between Perceptions of Neighbourhoodresources, Sense of Coherence and Health for Different Groups in a Norwegian Neighbourhood
Authors: Maass Ruca , Lindstrøm Bengt , Lillefjell Monica 
Published: March 2014

Background Health and conditions for health are unevenly distributed across neighbourhoods. Within a salutogenic perspective, neighbourhood-resources can be internalised, and become generalised resistance resources. This paper aims to examine whether the neighbourhood could be a supportive arena for health-promotion, and for whom. Design and Methods A cross-sectional study, based on register data from the population-survey in Malvik, Norway, (N=865) was conducted. Using multiple regression analysis, total sample and sub-group analyses (men/women, low/high earners, employed/unemployed) of 5 independent neighbourhood-measures (overall satisfaction, neighbourhood Social Capital, satisfaction with availability and quality of neighbourhood-resources, and neighbourhood participation) on Sense of Coherence (SOC) and health respectively were obtained. Results Overall satisfaction (β=0.153) and neighbourhood social capital (β=0.134) emerged as the most consistent partial correlates of SOC across groups. In turn, SOC was the strongest coefficient for health-outcomes (β=0.238). Neighbourhood participation had more consistent correlations with health than SOC across groups. Group-differences became visible in proportions of explained variance in SOC (varying from 7 to 23.7%) and health (varying from 6.7 to 20.6%), and in the relative importance of neighbourhood-variables. Satisfaction with quality of neighbourhood-resources was significantly related to SOC in non-workers (β=0.451) and low-earners (β=0.261), and health-outcomes in women (β=0.143). Conclusions Health might be promoted in the neighbourhood mainly through strengthening SOC, and deprived groups, especially non-workers, may benefit most from health-promotion in the neighbourhood. Findings suggest that high satisfaction with quality can contribute to better health-outcomes for groups with weaker average SOC. The proposed theoretical framework is only partly supported.
Motivational Interviewing Interventions and Alcohol Abuse among College Students: A Systematic Review
Authors: Appiah-Brempong Emmanuel , Okyere Paul , Owusu-Addo Ebenezer , Cross Ruth 
Published: March 2014

Objective. The study sought to assess the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) interventions in reducing alcohol consumption among college students, as compared to no intervention or alternative interventions. It also sought to identify the potential moderators to MI intervention effects. Data Source. Database sources consulted included Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLE, PsycLIT, CINAHL, and MEDLINE. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Included studies were (1) underpinned by experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental designs; (2) studies in which participants were either college males only or females only or both; and (3) studies in which adaptations of MI were based on key MI principles. Excluded studies were (1) non-English language studies; (2) studies not published from 2000–2012; (3) studies in which participants were not college students; (4) studies in which intervention was not delivered by face-to-face approach; and (5) studies that failed to embark on postintervention follow-ups. Data Extraction. A total of 115 abstracts were screened. These were narrowed down to 13 studies from which data for the study were extracted. Data Synthesis. Selected studies were underpinned by experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental designs. Owing to the heterogeneity in selected studies, a narrative synthesis was used. Results. MI interventions were found to be effective in reducing alcohol consumption among college students, when compared to alternative interventions or no intervention. Potential moderators of MI intervention effects were identified to include practitioner's adherence to MI techniques and individual's drinking motives. Conclusion. MI presents itself as a promising tool that can augment the many existing social-environmental strategies of health promotion.
Validity of Self-Reported Fitness across Black and White Race, Gender, and Health Literacy Subgroups
Authors: Keith NiCole R. , Clark Daniel O. , Stump Timothy E. , Callahan Christopher M. 
Published: March 2014

Purpose. To compare concurrent criterion validity of the Self-Reported Fitness (SRFit) Survey, a new fitness measure, between black and white race, gender, and health literacy groups. Design. Cross-sectional. Setting. Midwest urban primary care center and commercial fitness center. Subjects. One hundred one black, white, male, and female primary care patients aged ≥40 years. Measures. Measures included demographics, the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine, the SRFit Survey, and the Rikli and Jones Senior Fitness Test battery of physical tests. The BodPod determined percentage of body fat. Body mass index was calculated. Analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed using Pearson and Spearman rank order correlations between corresponding physical tests and SRFit survey items. Results. Correlations between physical tests and SRFit items ranged from r = .52 to .76 (ρ = .41–.85) in males, r = .40 to .79 (ρ = .33–.80) in females, r = .45 to .79 (ρ = .53–.82) in blacks, and r = .49 to .77 (ρ = .33–.82) in whites. Correlations were r = .58 (ρ = .58) to r = .77 (ρ = .79) in persons with low health literacy and r = .50 to .79 (ρ = .39–.85) among persons with moderate to high health literacy. Conclusion. SRFit shows similar concurrent validity across race, gender, and health literacy subgroups.
The Healthy Workplace Project: Results of a Hygiene-Based Approach to Employee Wellness
Authors: Thompson Sanna J. , Rew Lynn 
Published: March 2014

Purpose. An employee wellness program was evaluated to assess changes in germ transmission, absenteeism, and cost of infection-related illness among office-based employees. Design. One-group pretest-posttest design, with intervention delivered for 90 days and measurement conducted over 1 year. Setting. Employees of a large office space in Georgia. Subjects. One thousand six hundred forty-five employees. Intervention. The Healthy Workplace Project is a 90-day wellness program aimed to increase health and productivity of employees through educational and engagement activities focusing on improving awareness, recognizing infection-related illnesses, and reducing the spread of germs in the workplace. Measures. Three types of data were collected: (1) bacterial audits through use of adenosine triphosphate monitoring of various work spaces; (2) self-report absenteeism data using the World Health Organization's Health and Work Performance Questionnaire; and (3) participant employees' medical claims/costs of infection-related minor illnesses. Analysis. Frequencies and bacterial audit data; Wilcoxon signed ranks tests to determine changes in rates on absenteeism and health care costs. Results. Bacterial audits demonstrated a reduction in contamination levels of 33% across all measured spaces. Absenteeism rates were reduced by 13%. Medical service utilization costs were not significantly reduced for individual employees over the project year. Conclusion. Educational strategies and individual monitoring of germ transmission appears effective in improving employees' health and decreasing absenteeism.