bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grading and staging for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Villa Chiara , Birtolo Maria Francesca , Perez‐Rivas Luis Gustavo , Righi Alberto , Assie Guillaume , Baussart Bertrand , Asioli Sofia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPituitary adenoma/pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are the second most common primary intracranial tumor and the most frequent neuroendocrine tumors/neoplasms of the human body. Thus, they are one of the most frequent diagnoses in neuropathologist's practise. 2022 5th edition WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors does not support a grading and/or staging system for PitNETs and argues that histological typing and subtyping are more robust than proliferation rate and invasiveness to stratify tumors. Numerous studies suggest the existence of clinically relevant molecular subgroups encouraging an integrated histo‐molecular approach to the diagnosis of PitNETs to deepen the understanding of their biology and overcome the unresolved problem of grading system. The present review illustrates the main issues involved in establishing a grading and a staging system, as well as alternative systems validated by independent series to date. The state of art of the current histological and molecular markers is detailed, demonstrating that a standardized and reproducible clinico‐pathological approach, combined with the integration of molecular data may help build a workflow to refine the definition of PitNETs with ‘malignant potential’ and most importantly, avoid delay in patient treatment. Next molecular studied are needed to validate an integrated histo‐molecular grading for PitNETs.
In vitro characterisation of a novel rubber contact allergen in protective gloves
Authors: de Ávila Renato Ivan , Ljungberg Silic Linda , Carreira‐Santos Sofía , Merényi Gábor , Bergendorff Ola , Zeller Kathrin S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from protective gloves is often caused by rubber additives, such as accelerators. However, while accelerator‐free rubber gloves are available, they still cause ACD in some individuals.ObjectivesA new allergen, 2‐cyаnоethyl dimethyldithiocarbamate, (CEDMC), has recently been identified in accelerator‐free gloves, and we here provide a first in vitro characterisation of CEDMC in a dendritic cell (DC)‐like cell model along with three reference sensitizer rubber chemicals, consisting of tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) and two xanthogenates.MethodsCellular responses after the exposure to the rubber chemicals were assessed using a transcriptomic approach, multiplex cytokine secretion profiling, and flow cytometry to determine DC model activation marker expression and apoptosis induction.ResultsCEDMC and all other sensitizers were classified as strong skin sensitizers with the transcriptomic approach. They all significantly increased IL‐8 secretion and exposure to all except one increased CD86 DC activation marker expression. When tested, CEDMC induced apoptosis, however, delayed compared to TETD.ConclusionsThe in vitro data corroborate CEDMC, TETD, and investigated xanthogenates as skin sensitizers. Transcriptomic analyses further reveal unique cellular responses induced by CEDMC, which together with future study can contribute to better understanding of cellular mechanisms underlying the sensitising capacity of rubber chemicals.
Plasma monomeric ApoA1 and high‐density lipoprotein bound ApoA1 are markedly decreased and associated with low levels of lipophilic antioxidants in sickle cell disease: A potential new pathway for therapy
Authors: Niesor Eric J. , Perez Anne , Rezzi Serge , Hodgson Andrew , Canarelli Stephane , Millet Gregoire , Debevec Tadej , Bordat Claire , Nader Elie , Connes Philippe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPatients with sickle cell disease (SCD) exhibit high levels of reactive oxygen species and low plasma levels of lipophilic antioxidants, which may contribute to end‐organ damage and disease sequelae. Apolipoprotein A1, the major apolipoprotein of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), is mainly secreted by the intestine and liver in the form of monomeric ApoA1 (mApoA1) present in plasma. Cholesterol and α‐tocopherol are delivered to ApoA1 via the ATP‐binding cassette transporter, subfamily A, member 1 (ABCA1). We measured cholesterol, mApoA1, ApoA1, and lipophilic antioxidants in the plasma of 17 patients with SCD and 40 healthy volunteers. Mean HDL cholesterol (‐C) levels in SCD patients and healthy subjects were 59.3 and 48.1 mg/dL, respectively, and plasma lutein, zeaxanthin, and α‐tocopherol were 64.0%, 68.7%, and 9.1% lower, respectively. To compare SCD to healthy subjects with similar HDL‐C, we also performed subgroup analyses of healthy subjects with HDL‐C above or below the mean. In SCD, the mApoA1 level was 30.4 μg/mL; 80% lower than 141 μg/mL measured in healthy volunteers with similar HDL‐C (56.7 mg/dL). The mApoA1 level was also 38.4% greater in the higher versus lower HDL‐C subgroups (p = .002). In the higher HDL‐C subgroup, lutein and zeaxanthin transported by HDL were 48.9% (p = .01) and 41.9% (p = .02) higher, respectively, whereas α‐tocopherol was 31.7% higher (p = .003), compared to the lower HDL‐C subgroup. Plasma mApoA1 may be a marker of the capacity of HDL to capture and deliver liposoluble antioxidants, and treatments which raise HDL may benefit patients with high oxidative stress as exemplified by SCD.
Multi‐Pop: Enhancing user engagement with content‐based multimodal popularity prediction in social media
Authors: Kim Jiyoon , Ahn Hyeongjin , Park Eunil 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSocial media has entrenched itself as an indispensable marketing tool. We introduce a quantitative approach to predicting the popularity of social media posts within the café and bakery sector. Employing Multi‐Pop, a multimodal popularity prediction model that harnesses both images and text from post content, it utilizes the features of posts that significantly influence their popularity on one of the most widely used platforms, Instagram. By focusing solely on post‐content features and excluding user information, we analysed 8765 Instagram posts from the cafe and bakery domain, revealing that our model attains a superior accuracy rate of 82.0% compared with existing popularity prediction methods. Furthermore, the study identifies hashtags and post captions as exerting a greater impact on post popularity than images. This research furnishes valuable insights, particularly for small business owners and individual entrepreneurs, by introducing novel computational and empirical methodologies for Instagram marketing strategy and post popularity prediction, thereby enhancing the comprehension of social media marketing dynamics.
Emerging protein sources and novel extraction techniques: a systematic review on sustainable approaches
Authors: Jain Ishika , Kaur Ravneet , Kumar Arun , Paul Maman , Singh Narpinder 
Published: August 2024

SummaryAs global protein demand surges, it is urgent to explore novel protein sources and develop advanced extraction technologies that can surpass the technological and scientific limitations of conventional methods. This systematic review summarises the emerging protein sources and sustainable protein extraction techniques, focusing on their role in enhancing food system sustainability. This article consolidates current research on novel extraction techniques, such as ultrasound‐assisted extraction, pulsed electric field‐based extraction, enzyme‐assisted extraction, subcritical water extraction and extraction using eutectic solvents, particularly from agro‐industrial by‐products. These methods assist in optimising protein recovery while aligning with circular economy principles by minimising waste and resource use. By evaluating the sustainability and practicality of these extraction methods, the article aims to guide future innovations and policy decisions, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and resilient global food system.
Analyzing changes in EU social inclusion using the global Malmquist productivity index
Authors: Karagiannis Giannis , Ravanos Panagiotis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we use the global and the biennial Malmquist productivity indices for the Inverted Benefit‐of‐the‐Doubt model to analyze changes in EU social inclusion using data for the period 2011–2020. Our empirical results indicate that relatively more progress took place in EU social inclusion during the period 2015–2020, compared to the period 2011–2015. In addition, in the period 2011–2015, these improvements were possible mainly through the effect of efficiency change, while in the period 2015–2020, the main source of progress was the effect of the best‐practice change. In addition, we found that the “older” Member States achieved slightly faster progress rates, compared to the “new” Member States in the period 2011–2015, while the opposite was true for the period 2015–2020.
Tuning the cathode/solid electrolyte interface for high‐performance solid‐state Na‐ion batteries
Authors: Thirupathi Raghunayakula , Sharma Saurabh , Bhattacharyya Sandipan , Omar Shobit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examines and compares the impact of various interfacial modification strategies in optimizing the contact resistance between the rigid ceramic electrolyte and cathode active material (AM) in solid‐state sodium‐ion batteries (SSBs). All the cells are fabricated using Na3.1V2P2.9Si0.1O12, Na3.456Mg0.128Zr1.872Si2.2P0.8O12, and Na as a cathode AM, solid electrolyte (SE) and anode, respectively. The AM/SE interface is modified by (1) wetting the interface with organic liquid electrolyte (LE), (2) slurry casting and sintering a thin layer of composite cathode, and (3) infiltrating AM precursors inside the porous SE structure followed by drying and sintering. Despite exhibiting a stable cyclability performance, the SSBs prepared using the LE modification and composite cathode approach possess a low AM loading of < 1 mg·cm−2. On the other hand, the SSBs with infiltrated‐cathode exhibit a superior discharge capacity of ∼ 102 mAh·g−1 at 0.2C and less than 5% capacity fading after 50 cycles at room temperature. Notably, these cells contain a high AM loading of 2.12 mg·cm−2. The microstructural analysis reveals the presence of AM particles inside the pores of the porous SE, allowing for the efficient insertion/removal of sodium ions. The porous scaffold of SE not only provides continuous sodium‐ion conduction pathways inside the cathode structure but also renders stability by accommodating stress induced by volume change during repeated cycling. The outcomes of this work demonstrate the effectiveness of the wet‐chemical infiltration technique in improving the AM loading and storage capacity performance of SSBs working at 25°C.
Design, development and testing of BodoRao—A markerless augmented reality application for endangered language in primary education
Authors: Basumatary Dipali , Maity Ranjan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAugmented reality can provide a 3D virtual experience, widely used in modern education. However, the impact of these applications on the underdeveloped tribal community has yet to be investigated. To our knowledge, no markerless augmented reality application has been developed especially for learning the language of the Bodo tribe. Therefore, we have developed a markerless augmented reality application—BodoRao to teach the alphabet and numerals of the Bodo tribal language.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the usability and efficacy of the BodoRao application. To investigate how augmented reality apps affect students' academic achievement in language acquisition. Also, assess the students' attitude towards using an augmented reality application.MethodA mixed‐method approach that combined quantitative and qualitative methods was used to gather the data. A total of 80 students drawn from two user groups: native speakers and non‐native speakers were evaluated, to determine if the BodoRao application can benefit a variety of speakers. Furthermore, from each of the user groups, experimental and control groups were formed. The experimental group used an augmented reality application to learn while the control group studied using a traditional textbook. Eight teachers were also interviewed to get their opinions on the BodoRao application.Results and ConclusionThe findings found a significant difference in the achievement test results between the experimental and control groups for both native and non‐native users. Students' positive attitudes toward the application were also observed, as represented by their high application satisfaction, low anxiety and readiness for use. Additionally, it was observed that there was a positive and significant correlation between the academic achievements and attitudes of native and non‐native students in the experimental group.
Factors affecting deep learning of EFL students in higher vocational colleges under small private online courses‐based settings: A grounded theory approach
Authors: Jiang Liping , Lv Menglei , Cheng Mengmeng , Chen Xia , Peng Changhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe introduction of Small Private Online Courses (SPOCs) in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction at Higher Vocational Colleges (HVCs) signifies a shift in education. Understanding the factors that affect deep learning in this SPOC context is crucial for improving educational outcomes.ObjectivesBy employing grounded theory, we seek to explore the key factors that shape deep learning experiences for students in SPOC learning environments at HVCs and clarify the interrelationships among these influencing factors.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 18 EFL students and 4 teachers and NVivo 11 software was utilised to aid in the qualitative analysis of the collected data. Through a rigorous three‐tier coding analysis, an “environment‐person‐mediation ‐behaviour” (EPMB) model was constructed, aiming to clarify the mechanisms that influence deep learning among EFL students in HVCs.ResultsOur findings reveal that intrinsic motivation and cognitive abilities are crucial for deep learning among EFL students in HVCs. Blended learning settings, English curriculum satisfaction, and English teachers' teaching methods serve as situational influencing factors. These factors are interconnected, mediating positive or negative effects on deep learning through various intermediaries like continuity, attraction, guidance, motivation, and regulation.ImplicationsThe findings offer pedagogical insights for HVC stakeholders, enabling them to enhance students' deep learning experiences.
The impact of changing disclosure requirements, competition, and private capital on firm exit methods and premiums
Authors: Brau James C. , Sutton Ninon K. , Zheng Qiancheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChanging disclosure requirements and the evolution of US markets in the 21st century have created historic shifts in the exit strategies and payoffs for private firms. The propensity to sell to an acquirer has dominated firm exits in recent decades, especially for smaller private firms in highly concentrated industries. Exceptions to the merger exit preference are venture capital‐backed firms, which exhibit an enduring preference for IPOs, likely due to the reputation effects associated with this strategy. While the premium for IPO exits has exceeded that for M&A exits in the past, we document a reversal in this pricing trend: in more recent years firms that sell out earn higher risk‐adjusted premiums than firms that conduct IPOs. Our empirical tests examine potential drivers of this effect. We believe we are the first to document this reversal in the economics of the exit decision.
Gestational diabetes mellitus management according to ultrasound fetal growth versus strict glycemic treatment in singleton pregnancies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Fernández‐Alonso Ana M. , Monterrosa‐Blanco Angélica , Monterrosa‐Castro Álvaro , Pérez‐López Faustino R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe objective of this meta‐analysis was to evaluate obstetric outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients treated with flexible management based on intrauterine ultrasound fetal growth (FMIUFG) or strict maternal glycemic adjustment (SMGA).MethodsWe performed a comprehensive systematic review of electronic databases for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing obstetrics outcomes of singleton GDM patients managed according to FMIUFG or SMGA. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD497888). Searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and LILACS. Primary outcomes were gestational age at delivery and birth weight. Random‐effect model meta‐analyses were used to minimize the effects of uncertainty associated with inter‐study variability. Results are reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) or as odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity between studies was estimated using the I2 statistic. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Scale was used to assess the quality of studies. There were five RCTs with low to moderate risk of bias, including 450 patients managed according to the FMIUFSG and 381 according to the SMGA.ResultsThe macrosomia (birthweight >4000 g) rate was lower in pregnancies managed according to FMIUFG than SMGA adjustments (OR: 0.34; 95%CI: 0.16, 0.71). There were no significant differences in hypertensive disorder, cesarean section, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and large newborn for gestational age rates.ConclusionsThe macrosomia rate was lower in women managed with the FMIUFG. There were no significant differences in other obstetric and neonate outcomes.
Measuring student mindsets at scale in resource‐constrained settings: A toolkit with an application to Brazil during the pandemic
Authors: Lichand Guilherme , Ash Elliot , Arold Benjamin , Gudino Jairo , Doria Carlos Alberto , Trindade Ana , Bettinger Eric , Yeager David 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMounting evidence that growth mindset—the belief that intelligence is not fixed and can be developed—improves educational outcomes has spurred additional interest in how to measure and promote it in other contexts. Most of this research, however, focuses on high‐income countries, where the most common protocols for measuring and intervening on student mindsets rely on connected devices—often unavailable in low‐ and middle‐income countries' schools. This paper develops a toolkit to measure student mindsets in resource‐constrained settings, specifically in the context of Brazilian secondary public schools. Concretely, we convert the computer‐based survey instruments into text messages (SMS). Collecting mindset survey data from 3570 students in São Paulo State as schools gradually reopened in early 2021, we validate our methodology by matching key patterns in our data to previous findings in the literature. We also train a machine learning model on our data and show that it can (1) accurately classify students' SMS responses, (2) accurately classify student mindsets even based on text written in other media, and (3) rate the fidelity of different interventions to the published growth mindset curricula.
Chromosome‐level genome assembly of a deep‐sea Venus flytrap sea anemone sheds light upon adaptations to an extremely oligotrophic environment
Authors: Li Junyuan , Zhan Zifeng , Li Yang , Sun Yanan , Zhou Tong , Xu Kuidong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Venus flytrap sea anemone Actinoscyphia liui inhabits the nutrient‐limited deep ocean in the tropical western Pacific. Compared with most other sea anemones, it has undergone a distinct modification of body shape similar to that of the botanic flytrap. However, the molecular mechanism by which such a peculiar sea anemone adapts to a deep‐sea oligotrophic environment is unknown. Here, we report the chromosomal‐level genome of A. liui constructed from PacBio and Hi‐C data. The assembled genome is 522 Mb in size and exhibits a continuous scaffold N50 of 58.4 Mb. Different from most other sea anemones, which typically possess 14–18 chromosomes per haplotype, A. liui has only 11. The reduced number of chromosomes is associated with chromosome fusion, which likely represents an adaptive strategy to economize energy in oligotrophic deep‐sea environments. Comparative analysis with other deep‐sea sea anemones revealed adaptive evolution in genes related to cellular autophagy (TMBIM6, SESN1, SCOCB and RPTOR) and mitochondrial energy metabolism (MDH1B and KAD2), which may aid in A. liui coping with severe food scarcity. Meanwhile, the genome has undergone at least two rounds of expansion in gene families associated with fast synaptic transmission, facilitating rapid responses to water currents and prey. Positive selection was detected on putative phosphorylation sites of muscle contraction‐related proteins, possibly further improving feeding efficiency. Overall, the present study provides insights into the molecular adaptation to deep‐sea oligotrophic environments and sheds light upon potential effects of a novel morphology on the evolution of Cnidaria.
Recurrent selection shapes the genomic landscape of differentiation between a pair of host‐specialized haplodiploids that diverged with gene flow
Authors: Glover Ashleigh N. , Sousa Vitor C. , Ridenbaugh Ryan D. , Sim Sheina B. , Geib Scott M. , Linnen Catherine R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the genetics of adaptation and speciation is critical for a complete picture of how biodiversity is generated and maintained. Heterogeneous genomic differentiation between diverging taxa is commonly documented, with genomic regions of high differentiation interpreted as resulting from differential gene flow, linked selection and reduced recombination rates. Disentangling the roles of each of these non‐exclusive processes in shaping genome‐wide patterns of divergence is challenging but will enhance our knowledge of the repeatability of genomic landscapes across taxa. Here, we combine whole‐genome resequencing and genome feature data to investigate the processes shaping the genomic landscape of differentiation for a sister‐species pair of haplodiploid pine sawflies, Neodiprion lecontei and Neodiprion pinetum. We find genome‐wide correlations between genome features and summary statistics are consistent with pervasive linked selection, with patterns of diversity and divergence more consistently predicted by exon density and recombination rate than the neutral mutation rate (approximated by dS). We also find that both global and local patterns of FST, dXY and π provide strong support for recurrent selection as the primary selective process shaping variation across pine sawfly genomes, with some contribution from balancing selection and lineage‐specific linked selection. Because inheritance patterns for haplodiploid genomes are analogous to those of sex chromosomes, we hypothesize that haplodiploids may be especially prone to recurrent selection, even if gene flow occurred throughout divergence. Overall, our study helps fill an important taxonomic gap in the genomic landscape literature and contributes to our understanding of the processes that shape genome‐wide patterns of genetic variation.