bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eubacterium
Authors: Wade William G. 
Published: August 2015

Eu.bac.te'ri.um. Gr. pref.eu‐ good‐, well‐, beneficial (not as opposed to pseudo‐); Gr. neut. dim. n.bakteriona small rod; N.L. neut. n.Eubacteriumbeneficial bacterium.Firmicutes / “Clostridia” / Clostridiales / “Eubacteriaceae” / EubacteriumUniform or pleomorphicnonspore‐forming, Gram‐stain‐positiverods. Nonmotile or motile.Obligately anaerobic. Chemoorganotrophs, saccharoclastic or nonsaccharoclastic. Usuallyproduce mixtures of organic acids from carbohydratesorpeptone, often includinglarge amounts ofbutyric, acetic, or formic acids. Do not produce:DNA G+C content(mol%): 47 (Tm).Type species:Eubacterium limosum(Eggerth 1935) Prévot 1938, 295AL(Bacteroides limosusEggerth 1935;Butyribacterium rerrgeriBarker and Haas 1944, 303).
Quinella
Authors: Krumholz Lee R. , Buckel Wolfgang , Cook Gregory M. , Russell James B. 
Published: August 2015

Quin.el'la. N.L. fem. n. Quinella named for the pioneering ruminologist, J.I. Quin, who described the organism in some detail (Quin, 1943).
Firmicutes / “Clostridia” / Clostridiales / Veillonellaceae / Quinella

Cells are
Gram‐stain‐negative
and
oval shaped
. Size is 3–4 × 5–8 µm in size but can be considerably smaller in the rumen if crowding occurs.
Tumbling motility
with linear tufts of flagella on one side of the cells.
Endospores are not formed
.
Heterotrophic
and
mesophilic
. Reproduces by binary fission, and it usually occurs as singles and pairs. A small number of
carbohydrates are fermented
mainly to lactate, acetate, propionate, and CO
2
. Contains a glycogen‐like reserve material.

DNA G
+
C content
(
mol
%): unknown.

Type species
:
Quinella ovalis
Krumholz, Bryant, Brulla, Vicini, Clark and Bryant 1993, 295
VP
.
Gallicola
Authors: Ezaki Takayuki 
Published: August 2015

Ga.li'co.la. L. n.
gallus
rooster/chicken; L. masc. suff. ‐
cola
inhabitant; N.L.masc. n.
Gallicola
inhabitant of chickens, referring to the isolation of the type species from chicken feces.

Firmicutes / “Clostridia” / Clostridiales / incertae Sedis ‐ Family I / Gallicola
Non‐spore‐forming, obligately anaerobic, Gram‐stain‐positive cocci. Cells may occur in pairs and as irregular masses. Carbohydrates are not fermented. Indole is negative. The optimum temperature for growth is 37°C. Metabolize peptone and amino acids to acetic and butyric acid. Found in chicken feces.

DNA G
+
C content
(
mol
%): 32–34.

Type species
:
Gallicola barnesae
(Scheifer‐Ullrich and Andreesen 1985) Ezaki, Kawamura, Li, Li, Zhao and Shu 2001a, 1527
VP
(
Peptostreptococcus barnesae
Scheifer‐Ullrich and Andreesen 1985, 30).
Fusibacter
Authors: Ravot Gilles , Garcia Jean‐Louis , Magot Michel , Ollivier Bernard 
Published: August 2015

Fu.si.bac'ter. L. n.fususa spindle; N.L. n.bactermasc. equivalent of Gr. neut. dim. n.bakterionrod; N.L. masc. n.Fusibactera small spindle‐shaped rod.Firmicutes / “Clostridia” / Clostridiales / incertae Sedis ‐ Family II / FusibacterSpindle‐shaped rodswith cells that are 1 × 2–5 µm, and occurring singly or in pairs.Motile by one to four peritrichous flagella. Spores are not formed. Gram‐stain‐positive. Chemoorganotrophic andobligately anaerobic. Requires yeast extract for growth. Oxidizes a few carbohydrates to butyrate, acetate, CO2, and H2. Uses thiosulfate and sulfur as electron acceptors during glucose fermentation with production of H2S.Mesophilic,neutrophilic,and halotolerant.DNA G+C content(mol%): 43 (HPLC).Type species:Fusibacter paucivoransRavot, Magot, Fardeau, Patel, Thomas, Garcia and Ollivier 1999, 1145VP
Coprothermobacter
Authors: Ollivier Bernard , Garcia Jean‐Louis 
Published: August 2015

Co.pro.ther'mo.bac'ter. Gr. fem. n.koprosmanure; Gr. adj.thermoswarm; Gr. masc. dim. n.bakterionrod; N.L. masc. n.Coprothermobactera thermophilic rod from manure.Firmicutes / “Clostridia” / Thermoanaerobacterales / Thermodesulfobiaceae / CoprothermobacterRod‐shaped cells,0.5×1.0–6.0μm; occur singly or in pairs in young cultures; pleomorphic in old cultures. Colonies are white, circular (diameter 1–2 mm), convex, smooth with entire edges. Gram‐stain‐negative. Nonsporeforming.Nonmotile.Strictly anaerobic.Thermophilic. Optimum temperature, 55–70 °C. Neutrophilic. Chemo‐organotrophic. Proteolytic using gelatin and peptones. Sugars are used poorly unless yeast extract or rumen fluid is added. Trypticase peptone stimulates glucose utilization. The principal fermentation end products from sugar or protein fermentation are acetic acid, H2, and CO2. Thiosulfate, but not sulfate, is used as electron acceptor for growth. Isolated from thermophilic digestors. The type species,Coprothermobacter proteolyticus, represents a deeply branched taxon of the domainBacteria.DNA G+C content(mol%): 43.Type species:Coprothermobacter proteolyticus(Ollivier, Mah, Ferguson, Boone, Garcia and Robinson 1985) Rainey and Stackebrandt 1993a, 857VP(Thermobacteroides proteolyticusOllivier, Mah, Ferguson, Boone, Garcia and Robinson 1985, 427).
Holdemania
Authors: Willems Anne 
Published: August 2015

Hold.eman'ia. L. n. named in honor of Lillian V. Holdeman Moore, a contemporary American microbiologist, for her outstanding contribution to anaerobic bacteriology.
Firmicutes / Erysipelotrichia / Erysipelotrichales / Erysipelotrichaceae / Holdemania

Gram‐stain‐positive, strictly anaerobic, nonsporeforming rods
. Cells occur in pairs and short chains. Catalase‐negative.
Fermentative metabolism
. Growth in broth media is enhanced by the addition of Tween 80.
Major end products from glucose fermentation are acetic and lactic acid. Succinic acid is also produced but in smaller quantities. The cell‐wall peptidoglycan is of type B1
with an
L
‐Asp–
L
‐Lys interpeptide bridge.
Major cellular fatty acids are nonhydroxylated, monounsaturated or saturated
. The only known representatives are three strains that were isolated from human feces.

DNA G
+
C content
(
mol
%): 38.

Type species
:
Holdemania filiformis
Willems, Moore, Weiss and Collins 1997, 1203
VP
.
Streptobacillus
Authors: Gharbia Saheer E. , Edwards Kirstin J. 
Published: August 2015

Strep.to.ba.cil'lus. Gr.adj.streptostwisted, curved; L. masc. n.bacillusa small rod; N.L. masc. n.Streptobacillusa twisted or curved small rod.Fusobacteria / Fusobacteriia / Fusobacteriales / Leptotrichiaceae / StreptobacillusRods with rounded or pointed ends. Occur singly or form long, wavy chains. Nonsporeforming. Nonmotile. Gram‐stain‐negative. Conversion toL‐phase or transitional‐phase variant may occur spontaneously during cultivation.Capable of growth anaerobically or aerobically. Ferments glucose to produce acid but not gas. Optimum temperature 35–37°C. Catalase and oxidase negative. Indole not produced. Nitrate not reduced to nitrite. Require serum, ascitic fluid, or blood for growth.Isolated from the throat and nasopharynx of wild and laboratory rats. Causes rat‐bite fever in man.DNA G+C content(mol%): 24–26.Type species:Streptobacillus moniliformisLevaditi, Nicolau and Poincloux 1925, 1188AL.
Bartonella
Authors: Welch David F. 
Published: August 2015

Bar.to.nel' la. M.L. dim. ending ‐ella; M.L. fem. dim. n.Bartonellanamed after Alberto L. Barton, who described these organisms in 1909, after studying the agent of Carrion's disease.Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhizobiales / Bartonellaceae / BartonellaMorphology is small (0.5–0.6 × 1.0 µm),slightly curved bacillus. Not acid‐fast.Faintly stains Gram negative(stains poorly or not at all with many aniline dyes) but satisfactorily with Romanowsky's or Giemsa's stain. Warthin‐Starry silver staining of fixed tissue sections reveals bacilli in clusters. May be seen in stained blood films appearing as rounded or ellipsoidal forms or as slender, straight, curved, or bent rods, occurring singly or in groups. They characteristically occur in chains of seve ral segmenting organisms, sometimes swollen at one or both ends and frequently beaded. In the tissues, they are situatedwithin the cytoplasm of endothelial cellsas isolated elements or are grouped in rounded masses.Intraerythrocytic forms occurin the blood of felines, small rodents, birds, fish, and other animals. In cultures, the cells may be veryautoadherent. Some species possess unipolar flagella.The presence of piliis associated with the marked adherence and may mediate specific interaction with host endothelial cells and erythrocytes leading to intracellular localization.Type species:Bartonella bacilliformis(Strong, Tyzzer, Brues, Sellards and Gastiaburu 1913) Strong, Tyzzer and Sellards 1915, 808 (Bartonia bacilliformisStrong, Tyzzer, Brues, Sellards and Gastiaburu 1913, 1715.)
Bradyrhizobium
Authors: Kuykendall L. David 
Published: August 2015

Bra.dy.rhi.zo' bi.um. Gr. adj.bradusslow; M.L. neut. n.Rhizobiuma bacterial generic name; M.L. neut. n.Bradyrhizobiumthe slow (growing) rhizobium.Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhizobiales / Bradyrhizobiaceae / BradyrhizobiumRods 0.5–0.9 × 1.2–3.0 µm.Commonly pleomorphic under adverse growth conditions. Usually contain granules of poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate that are refractile by phase‐contrast microscopy.Nonsporeforming.Gram negative.Motile by one polar or subpolar flagellum. Fimbriae have not been described.Aerobic,possessing a respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.Optimal temperature 25–30°C. Optimal pH, 6–7, although lower optima may be exhibited by strains from acid soils. Colonies are circular, opaque, rarely translucent, white, and convex, and tend to be granular in texture; they do not exceed 1.0 mm in diameter in less than 5–6 days incubation on A1EG medium.Turbidity develops only after 3–4 days in agitated broth.Generation times are 9–18 h. Chemoorganotrophic, utilizing a range of carbohydrates and salts of organic acids as carbon sources, without gas formation; arabinose and other pentoses are preferred carbon sources. Cellulose and starch are not utilized. Produce an alkaline reaction in mineral salts medium containing mannitol and/or many other carbohydrates.Growth on carbohydrate media is usually accompanied by extracellular polysaccharide slime production particularly with glycerol,gluconate,or mannitol. Some strains can grow chemolithotrophically in the presence of H2, CO2, and low levels of O2. Ammonium salts, usually nitrates, and some amino acids, can serve as nitrogen sources. Peptone is poorly utilized (except for strains isolated fromLotononis). Casein and agar are not hydrolyzed. There is usually no requirement for vitamins with the rare exception of biotin, which also may be inhibitory to some strains. 3‐Ketoglycosides are not produced (Bernaerts and De Ley, 1963).The organisms are characteristically able to enter the root hairs of tropical‐zone and some temperate‐zone leguminous plants(family Leguminosae)and incite the production of root nodules,in which the bacteria occur as intracellular nitrogen‐fixing symbionts. Some strains, especiallyB.elkanii, fix nitrogen in the free‐living state when examined under special conditions.The mol%G+C of the DNA is: 61–65.Type species:Bradyrhizobium japonicum(Kirchner 1896) Jordan 1982, 137 (“Rhizobacterium japonicum” Kirchner 1896, 221;Rhizobium japonicum(Kirchner 1896) Buchanan 1926, 90.)
Methylosinus
Authors: Bowman John P. 
Published: August 2015

Me.thyl.o.si' nus. Fr.methylethe methyl radical;sinusbend; M.L. n.Methylosinusmethyl bender.Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhizobiales / Methylocystaceae / MethylosinusCells arepyriform or vibrioidin shape, 0.5–1.5 × 1.5–3.0 µm, usually arranged in rosettes of 4–6 cells. Reproduce bybinary and budding division. In budding division, the bud contains aheat and desiccation‐resistant exospore, which germinates into a vegetative daughter cell; thisdaughter cell is motile, propelled by a tuft of 3–10 polar and/or subpolar flagella. Cells containtype II intracytoplasmic membranesthat are arranged as multiple layers along the periphery of the cell wall. Strongly accumulate inclusions of poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate. Aerobic, possessing astrictly respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.Obligately methanotrophic, utilizing only methane and methanol as sole carbon and energy sources. C2+and other C1compounds are not utilized. Fix formaldehyde for cell carbon via the serine pathway. Enzymes for the Benson–Calvin cycle pathway are absent. The tricarboxylic acid pathway is complete.Fix atmospheric nitrogen by means of an oxygen‐sensitive nitrogenase. Mesophilic. Nonhalophilic. Optimal temperature, 25–30°C; optimal pH, 6.5–7.0. Major habitats include soil, freshwater sediments and groundwater.Primary fatty acids are C18:1ω8cand C18:1ω7c.Primary quinone is ubiquinone‐8(Q‐8). Member of the FamilyMethylocystaceaefound in theAlphaproteobacteria.The mol%G+C of the DNA is: 62–67 (Tm).Type species:Methylosinus trichosporium(ex Romanovskaya, Malashenko and Bogachenko 1978) Bowman, Sly, Nichols and Hayward 1993c, 751.
Stella
Authors: Vasilyeva Leana V. 
Published: August 2015

Stel' la. M.L. fem. n.Stellastar, to denote star‐shaped morphology of cells.Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhodospirillales / Acetobacteraceae / StellaCells are flat,six‐pronged stars,radially symmetrical, and 0.7–3.0 µm. Occur singly or in pairs. Some strains possessgas vesicles. Spores are not formed.Gram negative. Aerobic. Reproduction is bysymmetrical cell division.The mol%G+C of the DNA is: 69.3–73.5 (Tm).Type species:Stella humosaVasilyeva 1985, 520.
Neorickettsia
Authors: Rikihisa Yasuko , Stephen Dumler J. , Dasch Gregory A. 
Published: August 2015

Ne.o.rick.ett' si.a. Gr. pref.neo‐ new; M.L. fem. n.Rickettsiatype genus of the family,Rickettisaceae; M.L. fem. n.Neorickettsiathe newRickettsiaProteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rickettsiales / Anaplasmataceae / NeorickettsiaCoccoid or pleomorphic cells that reside in cytoplasmic vacuoles within monocytes and macrophages of dogs,horses,bats,and humans. Small (0.2–0.4 µm) electron dense forms and relatively large (0.8–1.5 µm) lighter forms may occur. Tissues of adulttrematode(fluke)vectorsand all other fluke stages—eggs, miracidia, rediae, sporocysts, cercariae, and metacercariae—produce infection when injected into susceptible hosts, indicating transovarial transmission in the vector. Transstadial transmission also occurs. Gram negative. Nonmotile. Most species are cultivable in peripheral blood monocytes, myelomonocytic cell lines, or promyelocytic cell lines. Some species are pathogenic to laboratory mice.Etiologic agents of diseases of dogs and other canids,horses,and humans. Where studied, these bacteria possess an antigenically cross‐reactive group‐specific protein gene with a high degree of sequence identity. Sensitive to tetracycline antibiotics. The estimated genome size is 860–900 kb.The mol%G+C of the DNA is: 42.Type species:Neorickettsia helminthoecaPhilip, Hadlow and Hughes 1953, 257.
Rickettsia
Authors: Yu Xue‐jie , Walker David H. 
Published: August 2015

Rick.ett' si.a. M.L. fem. n.Rickettsianamed after Howard Taylor Ricketts, who first associated organisms of this description with spotted fever and typhus and who died of typhus contracted in the course of his studies.Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rickettsiales / Rickettsiaceae / RickettsiaShort,often paired rods,0.3–0.5×0.8–2.0μm. The rickettsial envelope has a typical Gram‐negative structure with a bilayer inner membrane, a peptidoglycan layer, and a bilayer outer membrane. The cells are often surrounded by a protein microcapsular layer and slime layer. Rickettsiae retain basic fuchsin when stained by the method of Giménez (1964). The organisms areobligately intracellular and reside free in the cytoplasm of the eucaryotic host cell, where they divide bybinary fission. Rickettsiae of the spotted fever group (SFG) may also reside in the nucleus of the eucaryotic host cells.Rickettsiae are closely associated with arthropods(ticks, mites, fleas, lice, and other insects)for their maintenance in nature. Their natural cycle usually involves both a vertebrate and an invertebrate host. For some, the arthropod host is both a reservoir and a vector.Transovarian transmissionof the agent from the infected female to the next generation is the essential mechanism for the maintenance of many species (Burgdorfer, 1988). Rickettsial cells are usually unstable when separated from host components, except for highly stable forms found in the feces of arthropod hosts; stability can be enhanced by certain proteins, sucrose, and reagents that tend to maintain the integrity of outer membranes, osmolarity, and ATP level. Rickettsiae are best preserved by rapid freezing and storage below −50°C. The cells are rapidly inactivated at 56°C. Rickettsiae derive energy from the metabolism of glutamate via the citric acid cycle, but do not utilize glucose. They transport and metabolize phosphorylated compounds but do not synthesize or degrade nucleoside monophosphates.Rickettsiae are etiological agents of typhus and spotted fevers in humans. There are 21 recognized species.The mol%G+C of the DNA is: 29–33.Type species:Rickettsia prowazekiida Rocha‐Lima 1916, 567 (Nom. Cons. Opin. 19, Jud. Comm. 1958, 158.)
Erythrobacter
Authors: Shiba Tsuneo , Imhoff Johannes F. 
Published: August 2015

E.ryth' ro.bac.ter. Gr. adj.erythrosred; M.L. masc. n.bacterrod; M.L. masc. n.Erythrobacterred rod.Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Sphingomonadales / Sphingomonadaceae / ErythrobacterCells are ovoid to rod‐shaped, 0.2–0.4 × 1.0–5.0 µm, multiply by binary fission, and are motile by means of polar or subpolar flagella. Gram negative and belong to theAlphaproteobacteria. Cell suspensions and colonies are orange or pink.Bacteriochlorophyllais present.The major respiratory quinone is ubiquinone‐10. The main cellular fatty acid is C18:1.The mol%G+C of the DNA is: 57–67.Type species:Erythrobacter IongusShiba and Simidu 1982, 216.
Simonsiella
Authors: Hedlund Brian P. , Tønjum Tone 
Published: August 2015

Si.mon.si.el' la. M.L. dim. ‐ellaending; M.L. fem. n.Simonsiella(organism of) Simons; named for H. Simons, who studied the species of this genus.Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Neisseriales / Neisseriaceae / SimonsiellaOrganisms that exist in characteristicmulticellular filamentsthat areflat rather than cylindricaland often segmented into groups of eight cells. Thewidth of an individual cell is greater than its length.The long axis of an individual cell is perpendicular to the long axis of the filament. The diameter of the filaments (the width of the individual cells) may vary from about 2.0 to 8.0 µm, and the length of filaments may vary from about 10.0 to over 50.0 µm. Individual cells within the filaments may be from about 0.5 to 1.3 µm long. In thin sections cut perpendicular to the long axis of the filament, thecells are flattened and curved to yield a crescent‐shaped,convex–concave(dorsal–ventral)asymmetry. Theends of the individual filaments are rounded. Gram negative.Gliding motilityof the entire filament in the direction of the long axis when the flat side of the filament is in contact with a surface. Chemoorganotrophs. Aerobic. Some may produce acid aerobically from carbohydrates. Optimal temperature: 37°C.Found in the oral cavity of warm‐blooded vertebrates.The mol%G+C of the DNA is: 41–55.Type species:Simonsiella muelleriSchmidinSimons 1922, 504.
Genome‐wide association study of neocortical Lewy‐related pathology
Authors: Peuralinna Terhi , Myllykangas Liisa , Oinas Minna , Nalls Mike A. , Keage Hannah A. D. , Isoviita Veli‐Matti , Valori Miko , Polvikoski Tuomo , Paetau Anders , Sulkava Raimo , Ince Paul G. , Zaccai Julia , Brayne Carol , Traynor Bryan J. , Hardy John , Singleton Andrew B. , Tienari Pentti J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveDementia with Lewy bodies is an α‐synucleinopathy characterized by neocortical Lewy‐related pathology (LRP). We carried out a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) on neocortical LRP in a population‐based sample of subjects aged 85 or over.MethodsLRP was analyzed in 304 subjects in the Vantaa 85+ sample from Southern Finland. The GWAS included 41 cases with midbrain, hippocampal, and neocortical LRP and 177 controls without midbrain and hippocampal LRP. The Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (CFAS) material was used for replication (51 cases and 131 controls).ResultsBy analyzing 327,010 markers the top signal was obtained at the HLA‐DPA1/DPB1 locus (P = 1.29 × 10−7); five other loci on chromosomes 15q14, 2p21, 2q31, 18p11, and 5q23 were associated with neocortical LRP at P < 10−5. Two loci were marked by multiple markers, 2p21 (P = 3.9 × 10−6, upstream of the SPTBN1 gene), and HLA‐DPA1/DPB1; these were tested in the CFAS material. Single marker (P = 0.0035) and haplotype (P = 0.04) associations on 2p21 were replicated in CFAS, whereas HLA‐DPA1/DPB1 association was not. Bioinformatic analyses suggest functional effects for the HLA‐DPA1/DPB1 markers as well as the 15q14 marker rs8037309.InterpretationWe identified suggestive novel risk factors for neocortical LRP. SPTBN1 is the candidate on 2p21, it encodes beta‐spectrin, an α‐synuclein binding protein and a component of Lewy bodies. The HLA‐DPA1/DPB1 association suggests a role for antigen presentation or alternatively, cis‐regulatory effects, one of the regulated neighboring genes identified here (vacuolar protein sorting 52) plays a role in vesicular trafficking and has been shown to interact with α‐synuclein in a yeast model.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxy‐4‐arylcyclopentanones and 4‐Arylcyclopentenones through a Heck–Matsuda Desymmetrization of meso cis‐4‐Cyclopentene‐1,3‐diol
Authors: Carmona Rafaela C. , Correia Carlos Roque D. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA new palladium‐catalyzed route to 3‐hydroxy‐4‐arylcyclopentanones and 4‐arylcyclopentenones in a diastereo‐ and enantioselective manner by a Heck–Matsuda desymmetrization was achieved from the commercially available meso cis‐4‐cyclopentene‐1,3‐diol. This method is highly practical, mild, high yielding and is carried out under “open vessel” conditions. Protected and unprotected substrates provide distinct products bearing considerable value as synthetic scaffolds for the synthesis of natural and unnatural bioactive compounds containing a five‐membered ring.magnified image
A High‐Voltage and Ultralong‐Life Sodium Full Cell for Stationary Energy Storage
Authors: Guo Shaohua , Liu Pan , Sun Yang , Zhu Kai , Yi Jin , Chen Mingwei , Ishida Masayoshi , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractRecently, there has been great interest in developing advanced sodium‐ion batteries for large‐scale application. Most efforts have concentrated on the search for high‐performance electrode materials only in sodium half‐cells. Research on sodium full cells for practical application has encountered many problems, such as insufficient cycles with rapid capacity decay, low safety, and low operating voltage. Herein, we present a layered P2‐Na0.66Ni0.17Co0.17Ti0.66O2, as both an anode (ca. 0.69 V versus Na+/Na) and as a high‐voltage cathode (ca. 3.74 V versus Na+/Na). The full cell based on this bipolar electrode exhibits well‐defined voltage plateaus near 3.10 V, which is the highest average voltage in the symmetric cells. It also shows the longest cycle life (75.9 % capacity retention after 1000 cycles) in all sodium full cells, a usable capacity of 92 mAh g−1, and superior rate capability (65 mAh g−1 at a high rate of 2C).
Activation of Homolytic SiZn and SiHg Bond Cleavage, Mediated by a Pt0 Complex, via Novel PtZn and PtHg Compounds
Authors: Kratish Yosi , Molev Gregory , Kostenko Arseni , Sheberla Dennis , Tumanskii Boris , Botoshansky Mark , Shimada Shigeru , Bravo‐Zhivotovskii Dmitry , Apeloig Yitzhak 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe thermally stable [(tBuMe2Si)2M] (M=Zn, Hg) generate R3Si. radicals in the presence of [(dmpe)Pt(PEt3)2] at 60–80 °C. The reaction proceeds via hexacoordinate Pt complexes, (M=Zn (2 a and 2 b), M=Hg (3 a and 3 b)) which were isolated and characterized. Mild warming or photolysis of 2 or 3 lead to homolytic dissociation of the PtMSiR3 bond generating silyl radicals and novel unstable pentacoordinate platinum paramagnetic complexes (M=Zn (5), Hg (6)) whose structures were determined by EPR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.