bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Organizations Can Enhance the Quality of Life of Their Clients and Assess Their Results: The Concept of QOL Enhancement
Authors: Reinders Hans S. , Schalock Robert L. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This article presents the framework of a dynamic approach to quality of life (QOL) enhancement based on the conceptualization and measurement of individual-referenced quality of life. Sections of the article summarize the premises of QOL enhancement, provide the rationale for a dynamic approach to QOL enhancement, discuss six components of QOL enhancement, and discuss the parameters of an emerging theory of quality of life and the contributions such a theory would make to service delivery, policy development, and QOL-related research.
The Emotional Experience of People With Intellectual Disability: An Analysis Using the International Affective Pictures System
Authors: Bermejo Belén G. , Mateos Pedro M. , Sánchez-Mateos Juan Delgado 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe present study provides information on the emotional experience of people with intellectual disability. To evaluate this emotional experience, we have used the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS). The most important result from this study is that the emotional reaction of people with intellectual disability to affective stimuli is very similar to that of the control groups. The way in which people with intellectual disability express basic affect to emotional stimuli in terms of happy-sad and calm-nervous is very similar to that of the general population. However, there are also some differences in how basic affect is expressed in the affective dimensions that might be relevant to our understanding of the emotional life of people with intellectual disability.
Universal points of convex bodies and bisectors in Minkowski spaces
Authors: Bárány I. , Schneider R. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
We deal with different properties of a smooth and strictly convex body that depend on the behavior of the planar sections of the body parallel to and close to a given tangent plane. The first topic is boundary points where any given convex domain in the tangent plane can be approximated by a sequence of suitably rescaled planar sections (so-called p-universal points). In the second topic, the given convex body is the unit ball of a Minkowski space, and oscillation properties of bisectors and trisectors in that space are considered. In either case it turns out that geometrically irregular behavior is typical, when considered from the viewpoint of Baire category.
Some theorems of harmonic maps for Finsler manifolds
Authors: Li J. T. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
We study some properties of harmonic maps for Finsler manifolds and present two theorems: (1) every non-degenerate harmonic map ϕ from a compact Riemannian manifold with nonnegative Ricci curvature to a Berwald manifold with non-positive flag curvature is totally geodesic; this improves a result of He and Shen [3]. (2) Let M be a compact Riemannian manifold with non-negative Ricci curvature and let M‾ be a complete Finsler manifold with non-positive flag curvature. Then every non-degenerate smooth map ϕ : M → M with trb▽̃dϕ = 0 is totally geodesic; this generalizes a result of Eells and Sampson [2] from the Riemannian case to the Finsler case.
The total Betti number of the intersection of three real quadrics
Authors: Lerario A. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The classical Barvinok bound for the sum of the Betti numbers of the intersection X of three quadrics in ℝPn says that there exists a natural number a such that b(X) ≤ n3a. We improve this bound proving the inequality b(X) ≤ n(n+1). Moreover we show that this bound is asymptotically sharp as n goes to infinity.
Universal operations in Hochschild homology
Authors: Wahl Nathalie 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe provide a general method for finding all natural operations on the Hochschild complex ofℰ${\mathcal{E}}$-algebras, whereℰ${\mathcal{E}}$is any algebraic structure encoded in a prop with multiplication, as for example the prop of Frobenius, commutative orA∞${A_{\infty}}$-algebras. We show that the chain complex of all such natural operations is approximated by a certain chain complex offormal operations, for which we provide an explicit model that we can calculate in a number of cases. Whenℰ${\mathcal{E}}$encodes the structure of open topological conformal field theories, we identify this last chain complex, up quasi-isomorphism, with the moduli space of Riemann surfaces with boundaries, thus establishing that the operations constructed by Costello and Kontsevich–Soibelman via different methods identify with all formal operations. Whenℰ${\mathcal{E}}$encodes open topological quantum field theories (or symmetric Frobenius algebras) our chain complex identifies with Sullivan diagrams, thus showing that operations constructed by Tradler–Zeinalian, again by different methods, account for all formal operations. As an illustration of the last result we exhibit two infinite families of non-trivial operations and use these to produce non-trivial higher string topology operations, which had so far been elusive.
Thermal and mechanical properties of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin combined with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as nanofiller and fiberboards prepared by UF-MWCNT
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Gupta Arun , Sharma Korada Viswanathan 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as reinforcement on the properties of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin and medium-density fiberboards was investigated. MWCNT was added to UF in two concentrations, and the effects were studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis in terms of the curing and viscoelastic properties of the resins. In the presence of MWCNT, the activation energy of the resins was lowered, and their storage modulus and thermal conductivity were enhanced. The formaldehyde emission decreased and mechanical properties increased after addition of MWCNT to UF resin.
Optimization study on acid hydrolysis of hardwood-derived hemicellulosic extract for alcohol fermentation using response surface methodology
Authors: Park Seong Jik , Um Byung Hwan 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In this study, the extraction conditions of hemicelluloses from mixed hardwoods have been tested. In particular, 3% total titrated alkaline (TTA) green liquor (GL) was used to dissolve certain hemicelluloses and lignin in a manner similar to black liquor extraction, but the pH was maintained at near-neutral conditions, so that oligosaccharides were not completely degraded into isosaccharinic acids. The effects of temperature, time, and acid concentration on the fermentable sugar yields for the extract during secondary hydrolysis were investigated. Chips of mixed northern hardwoods were cooked in a rocking digester at 160°C for 110 min in the GL at a concentration of 3% Na2 O-equivalent salts on dry wood. The mass of wood extracted into the GL extract was approximately 11.4% of the debarked wood mass, which resulted in a dilute solution of oligomeric hemicellulosic sugars. Dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis was performed under the following conditions: 100°C–130°C, 2%–4% H2 SO4, and 20–120 min residence time. The maximum fermentable sugar concentration of xylose, mannose, and galactose (XyMaGa) obtained from the hydrolyzed extract was 5.5 g l-1, representing 91.7% of the maximum possible yield. A factorial design was used to study the effects of temperature and acid concentration on the maximum quantity of XyMaGa oligomers obtained in the extract during secondary hydrolysis. The maximum potential yield of XyMaGa reached 5.34 g l-1 at 130°C, 3.27% H2 SO4, and 50.2 min residence time.
Untersuchung der Papiereigenschaften mit Hilfe von MIR-Spektroskopie und Hg-Porosimetrie
Authors: Dovgal Vladimir , Schabel Samuel , Elsäßer Wolfgang 
Published: July 2014

Zusammenfassung
Die interne Strukturbeschaffenheit von Papier spielt in den meisten Anwendungen eine wichtige Rolle. Um die Struktureigenschaften von Papier zu untersuchen messen wir die totale Reflexion sowie die totale Transmission im MIR mit Hilfe einer Ulbrichtkugel. Die modellbasierte Auswertung der Messdaten liefert die optischen Strukturparameter μ

s
und μ

a
. Diese zeigen deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Proben, was durch die Quecksilberporosimetriemessdaten bestätigt wird. Die Kombination der beiden Messtechniken ermöglicht die Einsicht in die Strukturveränderungen von Papier während der Trocknung.
Searching for Aromatic Chelate Rings. Oxygen versus Thio and Seleno Ligands
Authors: Zborowski Krzysztof Kazimierz , Koch Andreas , Kleinpeter Erich , Proniewicz Leonard Marian 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
As a part of searching for fully aromatic chelate compounds, copper
complexes of malondialdehyde as well as its sulfur and selenium
derivatives were investigated using the DFT quantum chemical
methods. Chelate complexes of both Cu(I) and Cu(II) ions
wereconsidered. Aromaticity of the metal complexes studied were
analyzed using NICS(0), NICS(1), PDI, Iring, MCI, KMCI and
IB aromaticity indices, and by TSNMRS visualizations of
the spatial magnetic properties. It seems that partial aromaticityof
studied chelates increases when oxygen atoms in malondialdehyde are
replaced by sulfur and selenium.
Pore Size Estimation of Mesoporous Materials through Surfactant Self-Assembly Prediction
Authors: Xu Chengzhi , Chen Xiaohui , Wei Kemei 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
A theoretical model for pore size estimation of mesoporous materials
was presented in this paper. It is based on the statistical
thermodynamic model of micelle formation proposed by R. Nagarajan. The
proposed model was applied to predict the pore size of MSU-X molecular
sieve prepared in different synthetic systems. The estimation results
were compared with reliable experimental measurements. The level of
deviation is acceptable with the substantial simplifications included
in the model. Hansen solubility parameter and Dimroth-Reichardt
parameter were introduced to explain the discrepancies. The proposed
model may help to screen suitable synthesis conditions and guide the
controllable synthesis of molecular sieve to some extent.
Advanced Characterization of Clear Chip Seals
Authors: Pasquini Emiliano , Bonati Alice , Giuliani Felice , Canestrari Francesco 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Chip seals are widely used throughout the world for the construction and preventive maintenance of asphalt pavements because they are recognized as cost-effective solutions able to improve skid resistance while creating a waterproof surface. On the other hand, chip seals are often affected by early stone loss because of several, not always easily manageable, material-related and traffic-related factors. It is, therefore, in the interest of researchers to develop scientific methods able to predict the aggregate retention performance of chip seals. Given this background, in the present paper, a performance-based evaluation of chip seals with regard to aggregate retention properties is carried out through a laboratory test based on the Ancona shear testing research and analysis equipment. In this study, a chip seal prepared with a clear emulsion derived by emulsifying a synthetic clear binder was analyzed and compared with two traditional chip seals manufactured with a plain cationic bituminous emulsion and a styrene butadiene styrene polymer-modified asphalt emulsion, respectively. Specifically, six chip seals obtained by combining the three selected emulsions with two types of aggregates (crushed limestone and basalt) were tested at three different temperatures. Moreover, a rheological characterization of emulsion residues was also carried out through the dynamic shear rheometer and the binder bond strength adhesion tester. Results mainly showed that the investigated clear synthetic emulsion can be successfully used for the construction of clear chip seals in combination with aggregates of different mineralogy.
Performance of Certified Climbing Helmets During Simulated Climbing Falls
Authors: Yamaguchi Gary T. , Dainty David , Lam Tack , Watson Heather 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Climbing is a popular form of recreation [Gerdes, E. M., Hafner, J. W. and Aldag, J. C., “Injury Patterns and Safety Practices of Rock Climbers,” J. Trauma Inj., Infect., Crit. Care, Vol. 61, No. 6, 2006, pp. 1517–1525.]. Head injuries account for the majority of climbing fatalities; while they cannot always be prevented, wearing a certified climbing helmet can reduce head trauma. Current helmet certification procedures require impact testing only to the upper two-thirds, emphasizing protection from falling objects and resulting in helmet models that have little to no energy mitigating capabilities around their lower rim. This study presents the case for developing new helmet testing protocols emphasizing energy mitigation during climbing falls that produce head injuries 12 times more frequently than falling objects. Suspension helmets, foam helmets, and hybrid foam/suspension helmets were tested in drop and pendulum tests producing impacts to the frontal, occipital, upper parietal, and apex regions using two different headforms and a whole-body, instrumented Hybrid-III dummy. Pendulum drop tests from 1.6 m were used to create frontal and parietal impacts against a vertical steel barrier. The foam helmet delivered average values that were near the injury thresholds established for the Hybrid-III [Mertz, H. J., Irwin, A. L. and Prasad, P., “Biomechanical and Scaling Bases for Frontal and Side Impact Injury Assessment Reference Values,” Stapp Car Crash J., Vol. 47, 2003, pp. 155–188.]. All other helmet and headform combinations produced average values significantly greater than the injury thresholds. Free drops at 2.0 m from an initially upright, backward leaning orientation created occipital impacts. The dummy first struck the feet, and then rotated backward striking the back of the head, producing an impact velocity 15 % higher than that computed for a non-rotating free fall. Only the foam and magnesium headform combination delivered sub-threshold values. Average Head Injury Criterion and peak accelerations from other combinations exceeded 5000 and 500 g, respectively. Pendulum impacts to the apex following 1.0 m drops produced neck compressions, tensions, and extensions that were well beyond neck injury thresholds. These results indicate that the three certified helmets tested do not adequately protect the head during moderate height falls producing impacts to the frontal and occipital rim.
Testing a Model for Evaluating Influence of PM Practices on ETO Manufacturing Performance
Authors: Yang Li-Ren , Chen Jieh-Haur , Hsu Wei-Wen 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Engineer-to-order (ETO) manufacturing is an operation designed to provide unique but similar products. Unique customer orders are handled as a project. The purpose of this research is three-fold. The first objective of this study was to validate a model for assessing the relationships among project management (PM) practices, ETO manufacturing performance, and firm benefit. The second objective was to determine whether ETO manufacturing performance plays a mediating role in the relationship between PM practices and firm benefit. The third objective was to determine whether the impact of PM practices on ETO manufacturing performance is moderated by project characteristics. The results suggest that PM practices may enhance ETO manufacturing performance, which leads to firm benefit. The findings also indicate that industry sector, number of groups, complexity, and project duration have a moderating effect on the relationship between PM practices and ETO manufacturing performance.
Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Pharyngeal Airway in Complete Unilateral Cleft Individuals and Normally Growing Individuals Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Diwakar Rohan , Sidhu Maninder Singh , Jain Saurabh , Grover Seema , Prabhakar Mona 
Published: July 2014

Aims The aim of the present study was to evaluate pharyngeal airway in cleft individuals and normally growing individuals using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods Cone beam computed tomography scans of 22 individuals were obtained from the Department of Orthodontics and divided in two groups. Group 1 includes 11 cases with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (mean age, 12 years) and group 2 includes 11 noncleft cases (mean age, 14 years). The oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, and oronasal pharyngeal airway was evaluated between the two groups. Results In the cleft group, the volume of the nasopharyngeal airway was found to be 3.66 cm3; of the oropharyngeal airway, 9.28 cm3; and of the oronasal pharyngeal airway, 12.67 cm3. The volume of the nasopharyngeal airway was found to be significantly reduced in the cleft palate group when compared with the noncleft group. Conclusion The nasopharyngeal airway was found to be significantly smaller among the children with cleft palate than among those in the control group.
Effects of Gibberellic Acid on Hemolymph-Free Amino Acids of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Authors: Altuntaş H , Uçkan F , Kiliç A Y , Ergin E 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The impacts of the plant growth regulator, gibberellic acid (GA3) were investigated on hemolymph free amino acids (FAAs) of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae and its endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) reared on host treated with different doses (50–5,000 ppm) of GA3 in diet. High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the hemolymph revealed that out of the 20 amino acids detected, 18 FAAs were found in the hemolymph of treated and untreated host larvae, whereas 19 were present in that of parasitoid. The total pool of FAAs in host larvae after treatment by GA3 fluctuated among doses and the ratio of essential amino acids in the pool increased to reach 9.54% at 1,000 ppm. Parasitoid larval total FAA concentration exhibited an increase at all treatments. However, the ratio of essential amino acids in the pool decreased &gt;50% at all doses except for 50 ppm. Dose-dependent variations in individual FAAs in larval hemolymph of both species were also detected. Tyrosine, methionine, isoleucine, lysine, and tryptophan generally occurred in lowest amount both in control and treated G. mellonella larvae. The amount of serine, asparagine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, and phenylalanine displayed differences only among GA3 doses in treatments. Great variations in the amount of all amino acids occurred at most of the treatment doses in wasp larvae hemolymph. Our study indicated that application of GA3 resulted in different effects on the quantity of FAAs associated with energy metabolisms of the pest species and its natural enemy.
Impact of Mining Dump on the Accumulation and Mobility of Metals in the Bytomka River Sediments
Authors: Jabłońska-Czapla Magdalena , Szopa Sebastian , Rosik-Dulewska Czesława 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The research aim was to determine the long-term impact of the mine waste stored at the coal waste dump Hałda Ruda on the content of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the Bytomka River. It is a watercourse flowing along this coal waste dump and has been under its influence for over fifty years. The research also attempted to determine the seasonality of changes (2 years) and mobility of selected elements.
The article presents total contents of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb in the bottom sediments collected from the Bytomka River. It also focuses on the distribution of these elements in particular geochemical fractions determined with the Tessier's sequential chemical extraction procedure. Total element contents were determined with an EDPXRF (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence) technique. The extractants of particular Tessier's fractions were determined quantitatively with an ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) spectrometer. The research results show that the stored waste significantly influences the contents of heavy metals in the Bytomka River bottom sediments. The lowest concentration of heavy metals was observed at the B1 spot (above the dump), while the highest one was measured at the B3 spot (below the dump).
Sequential chemical extraction of the bottom sediments indicates that the Zn content in the ion-exchange and carbonate fractions diminished within a year. Nevertheless, Zn bound to Fe and Mn oxides acted in the opposite way. Mn, Zn and Pb are the most dangerous elements from the viewpoint of environmental hazards, as their total concentrations were high. Moreover, their high contents were observed in the most mobile (ion-exchange and carbonate) fractions. Extremely toxic Cd was bound to the oxide fraction to the largest extent. Cu was mainly bound to the organic fraction while environmentally hazardous Cr was bound to the residual fraction.
Ecological Features of Spontaneous Vascular Flora of Serpentine Post-Mining Sites in Lower Silesia
Authors: Kasowska Dorota , Koszelnik-Leszek Anna 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the ecological characteristics of vascular plants colonizing serpentine mining waste dumps and quarries in Lower Silesia. The investigated flora was analyzed with regard to species composition, geographical-historical status, life forms, as well as selected ecological factors, such as light and trophic preferences, soil moisture and reaction, value of resistance to increased heavy metals content in the soil, seed dispersal modes and occurrence of mycorrhiza. There were 113 species of vascular plants, belonging to 28 families, found on seven sites in the study. The most numerous families were Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae and Caryophyllaceae. Only 13% of all plants recorded occurred on at least five of the study sites. The most numerous were species related to dry grassland communities, particularly of the Festuco-Brometea class, which included taxa endangered in the region of Lower Silesia: Avenula pratensis, Salvia pratensis, Festuca valesiaca. Apophytes dominated in the flora of the investigated communities. Hemicryptophytes were the most numerous group and therophytes were also abundant. The serpentine mining waste dumps and querries hosted heliophilous species which prefer mesic or dry habitats moderately poor in nutrients, featuring neutral soil reaction. On two study sites 30% of the flora composition consisted of species that tolerate an increased content of heavy metals in the soil. Anemochoric species were the most numerous with regard to types of seed dispersal. Species with an arbuscular type of mycorrhiza were definitely dominant in the flora of all the study sites, however, the number of nonmycorrhizal species was also relatively high. It was suggested that both the specific characteristics of the habitats from serpentine mining and the vegetation of adjacent areas had a major impact on the flora composition of the communities in the investigated sites.
The Application of PCR Reaction for Identification of MHB Bacteria Species
Authors: Ząbkiewicz Anna , Myga-Nowak Magdalena , Bandurska Katarzyna , Paczyńska Justyna , Szybecka Anna , Krupa Piotr 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This study characterizes mycorrhiza helper bacteria (MHB) from selected unpolluted locations as well as subjected to industrial emissions. To determine the species of bacteria isolated from the roots of ectomycorrhizal pine and birch, a method based on the sequence analysis of a 16S rRNA gene was used. The isolated bacteria were initially characterized by available biochemical methods and phenotypic observation. On the selected bacteria representatives isolation of DNA was performed, on which the PCR reaction was carried out. In this way amplified samples were automatically sequenced and the obtained results were compared to public databases. Among the isolated bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 and Burkholderia xenovorans LB400 species were dominant.