bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous Solid Electrolyte Interphase Interactions Dictate Interface Instability in Sodium Metal Electrodes
Authors: Singla Aditya , Naik Kaustubh G. , Vishnugopi Bairav S. , Mukherjee Partha P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSodium (Na) metal batteries have attracted recent attention due to their low cost and high abundance of Na. However, the advancement of Na metal batteries is impeded due to key challenges such as dendrite growth, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) fracture, and low Coulombic efficiency. This study examines the coupled electro‐chemo‐mechanical interactions governing the electrodeposition stability and morphological evolution at the Na/electrolyte interface. The SEI heterogeneities influence transport and reaction kinetics leading to the formation of current and stress hotspots during Na plating. Further, it is demonstrated that the heterogeneity‐induced Na metal evolution and its influence on the stress distribution critically affect the mechanical overpotential, contributing to a faster SEI failure. The analysis reveals three distinct failure mechanisms—mechanical, transport, and kinetic—that govern the onset of instabilities at the interface. Finally, a comprehensive comparative study of SEI failure in Na and lithium (Li) metal anodes illustrates that the electrochemical and mechanical characteristics of the SEI are crucial in tailoring the anode morphology and interface stability. This work delineates mechanistic stability regimes cognizant of the SEI attributes and underlying failure modes and offers important guidelines for the design of artificial SEI layers for stable Na metal electrodes.
The longitudinal effects of neonatal anthropometry on attention problems in males and females
Authors: Byg Lars Meinertz , Wang Carol , Hirst Jonathan J. , Smith Roger , Pennell Craig 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe longitudinal impact of fetal growth on attention problems in males and females is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of fetal growth assessed by neonatal anthropometry throughout childhood and adolescence in males and females separately.MethodsWe compared neonatal anthropometry (birth weight (BW), head circumference (HC), proportion of optimal birthweight (POBW)) and asymmetry (head‐to‐abdominal circumference ratio (HC/AC) and ponderal index (PI)) at birth with parental assessment of the child behavior checklist attention‐problem syndrome (CBCL‐AP) raw score measured at ages five, eight, 10, 14 and 17. We used univariable and multivariable linear mixed‐effects modeling. Sensitivity analyses included excluding pre‐term births, teacher ratings and treating the CBCL‐AP as an ordinal variable.ResultsIn males, a 1‐SD lower BW, increased CBCL‐AP by 0.234 (95%CI [−0.422, −0.0497]). In males, a 1‐SD lower HC increased CBCL‐AP by 0.316 (95%CI [0.495, 0.133]). In males, there was a U‐shaped relationship between HC/AC and CBCL‐AP throughout childhood and adolescence; a curvilinear relationship was observed between POBW and CBCL‐AP. In females, a 1 SD lower HC increased CBCL‐AP 0.424 (95%CI [0.726, 0.133]), but every increased year of age reduced the effect by 0.027 (95% CI: 0.006–0.05). In females, there was no clear relationship between BW, POBW or HC/AC and CBCL‐AP. In males and females, PI was not significantly associated with CBCL‐AP. The exclusion of pre‐term births and analysis of teacher‐rated attention problems was consistent with the primary results.ConclusionsUsing a longitudinal design, our study suggests a male vulnerability to attention problems throughout childhood and adolescence from neonatal anthropometry. The relationships in females appear to be limited to childhood.
Maltreatment and parenting in youth with primary and secondary callous‐unemotional traits: Anxiety matters
Authors: Todorov Jessica J. , Kohls Gregor , Pauli Ruth , Rogers Jack , Bernhard Anka , Ackermann Katharina , Raschle Nora M. , Dugre Jules R. , Fernandez‐Rivas Aranzazu , Gonzalez‐Torres Miguel Angel , Hervas Amaia , Smaragdi Areti , Gonzalez Karen , Vetró Ágnes , Dikeos Dimitris , Popma Arne , Stadler Christina , Konrad Kerstin , Freitag Christine M. , Fairchild Graeme , Devine Rory T. , De Brito Stephane A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundYouth with conduct disorder (CD) and high callous‐unemotional (CU) traits are not a homogenous group and can be disaggregated into primary and secondary subgroups. However, there are inconsistencies in defining primary and secondary subgroups, with some studies using anxiety, others using maltreatment and still others using both features to identify subgroups. There is a paucity of work comparing primary and secondary subgroups with typically developing (TD) youth on experiences of maltreatment and parenting as well as a lack of studies investigating sex differences.MethodsIn a large sample of TD youth (n = 946, 66% female) and youth with CD (n = 885, 60% female), we used latent profile analysis in youth with CD aged between 9 and 18 years to address four aims: (i) to demonstrate how primary and secondary subgroup membership differs when anxiety, maltreatment, or both are used as continuous indicators, (ii) to compare primary and secondary subgroups with TD youth on abuse and neglect measures, and (iii) to compare primary and secondary subgroups with TD youth on parenting experiences, and (iv) to examine whether the results were consistent across sexes.ResultsAnxiety without maltreatment yielded the best fitting and most theoretically interpretable classification of primary and secondary subgroups across both sexes (Bayesian information criterion = 17832.33, Entropy = 0.75, Lo‐Mendell‐Rubin: p < 0.01). Compared with TD youth, youth with primary and secondary CU traits experienced greater levels of abuse and neglect (p < 0.001, η2p = 0.04−0.16) and maladaptive parenting practices (p < 0.001, η2p = 0.04−0.13). Youth with primary and secondary CU traits were equally high on levels of abuse, neglect, and maladaptive parenting (all p values >0.05).ConclusionsWe provide evidence that anxiety and maltreatment cannot be used interchangeably to identify youth with primary versus secondary CU traits. Anxiey yielded the best fitting and most theoretically interpretable classifications across both sexes. Our results signify the need for researchers and clinicians to adopt a unified approach to defining primary and secondary subgroups of CU traits using anxiety in both sexes.
Simultaneous 3D T1$$ {\mathrm{T}}_1 $$, T2$$ {\mathrm{T}}_2 $$, and fat‐signal‐fraction mapping with respiratory‐motion correction for comprehensive liver tissue characterization at 0.55 T
Authors: Tripp Donovan P. , Kunze Karl P. , Crabb Michael G. , Prieto Claudia , Neji Radhouene , Botnar René M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop a framework for simultaneous three‐dimensional (3D) mapping of , , and fat signal fraction in the liver at 0.55 T.MethodsThe proposed sequence acquires four interleaved 3D volumes with a two‐echo Dixon readout. and are encoded into each volume via preparation modules, and dictionary matching allows simultaneous estimation of , , and for water and fat separately. 2D image navigators permit respiratory binning, and motion fields from nonrigid registration between bins are used in a nonrigid respiratory‐motion‐corrected reconstruction, enabling 100% scan efficiency from a free‐breathing acquisition. The integrated nature of the framework ensures the resulting maps are always co‐registered.Results, , and fat‐signal‐fraction measurements in phantoms correlated strongly (adjusted ) with reference measurements. Mean liver tissue parameter values in 10 healthy volunteers were , , and for , , and fat signal fraction, giving biases of , , and percentage points, respectively, when compared to conventional methods.ConclusionA novel sequence for comprehensive characterization of liver tissue at 0.55 T was developed. The sequence provides co‐registered 3D , , and fat‐signal‐fraction maps with full coverage of the liver, from a single nine‐and‐a‐half‐minute free‐breathing scan. Further development is needed to achieve accurate proton‐density fat fraction (PDFF) estimation in vivo.
“What are you looking for in a candidate?” The career search process for international students in higher education student affairs
Authors: Sim Xiao Yun , Zhou Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study examined lived experiences of two international student affairs professionals in the United States. Through a series of interviews, the dialogues unfold rich narratives that explore the multifaceted journey from academic preparation to career placement in the field of higher education student affairs (HESA). It also underscores the unique challenges encountered by international students compared to their domestic counterparts during the job search process. Given the limited research pertaining to the experiences and support for international graduate students during the job search process in the field of HESA, this study provides valuable insights and implications for educators, institutions, and career support services to better address the needs of the diverse and growing demographic of the candidates.
The Contribution of Large Cooperatives to a Sustainable Development: Data and Examples from the World Cooperative Monitor
Authors: Carini Chiara , Delvecchio Paola , Gotz Ilana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter offers an overview of the size of large cooperatives active in different areas of the world and their contribution to achieving a productive model promoting more equitable and sustainable development.This overview is based on the main results of the World Cooperative Monitor (WCM), a project promoted by the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) with the scientific support of the European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises (Euricse) to gather robust data on large cooperatives, mutuals, and non-cooperative organisations controlled by cooperatives all around the world—data that shows not only such enterprises’ economic importance but also the impact that cooperatives and mutuals around the world have on their members and communities.In detail, the chapter presents some of the main results obtained in the 12 editions of the project focusing on the economic size of cooperatives, their contribution during the Covid-19 crisis and, more generally, their contribution to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Research on Performance Evaluation of Different Dosages of Hot Recycled Asphalt Mixtures Based on High Temperature Shear Resistance
Authors: You Jiahua , Xi Cong , Zhang Zhaojie , Fu Guohua , Zhang Huan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecycled asphalt pavement (RAP) is incorporated into AC-25C asphalt mixture at varying percentages—25%, 40%, and 60%—to assess the high-temperature performance through rutting and uniaxial penetration tests. The research reveals that as the RAP content increases, there is a significant improvement in the high-temperature performance of the asphalt mixture. Notably, at a 40% RAP content, the dynamic stability and penetration strength exhibit the most substantial enhancement. However, at a 60% RAP content, the high-temperature performance of the recycled mixture is markedly lower than at 40%, and the dynamic stability fails to meet the relevant requirements specified in JTG F40–2004. Furthermore, the study observes a notable increase in cohesion (C) as the hot recycled asphalt mixture's RAP content rises, leading to an extended stress retention stage compared to the conventional uniaxial penetration test process. Additionally, the stress retention stage becomes longer with the increasing RAP content.
Research on Preparation Technology and Properties of Grouting Materials for Prefabricated Buildings
Authors: Hu Jian , Gao Xiaohong , Wen Zengyin , Wen Guojiao , Zhang Miao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSleeve grouting materials are important to connect steel bars in prefabricated buildings since their quality and properties not only affect the stability, safety, and seismic capacity of buildings but also influence the operation of buildings. Quality issues in grouting materials can potentially result in joint damage and embrittlement, which may compromise the safety and service life of buildings, thereby leading to an increase in maintenance costs. Consequently, appropriate grouting materials should be carefully selected according to the operational characteristics of the buildings. This study conducted experiments to analyze the properties of grouting materials under different cement-sand ratios, with the cement-sand ratio of 1.0 selected as the base grout of grouting material. Subsequently, the orthogonal test method was employed to investigate the correlations between the properties of grouting materials and varying amounts of water reducers, expansion agents, and silica fume. Through this analysis, the optimal mixing amounts were determined as 15.7 g, 1.2 g, and 42 g for water reducers, expansion agents, and silica fume, respectivelys. Finally, based on the foregoing conclusions, a high-performance sleeve grouting material with a 3 h compressive strength of 40 MPa was successfully developed by adding sulphoaluminate and lithium carbonate. This study provides some references for the production and application of sleeve grouting materials.
Study on the Optimization of Proportioning and Mechanism of Polymer Composite Repair Mortar Based on Dual Objectives of Shrinkage and Mechanical Performance
Authors: Li Kai , Zhao Gang , Jiang Ming , Guo Kuixiang , Cui Yu , Wang Jinsong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to optimize the proportion of polymer composite repair mortar, with the objectives of enhancing its mechanical properties and reducing shrinkage, to ensure its application value in non-excavation repair construction of underground sewage pipelines. By taking the dosage of Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC), Cement-based Crystalline Capillary Waterproofing (CCCW), and Polypropylene Fiber (PPF) as key influencing factors, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to design and optimize the proportions for 28-day compressive strength and 7-day shrinkage. The study not only analyzed the impact of the interaction of these factors on the material properties but also conducted microstructure analysis through SEM and XRD to reveal the reinforcement mechanism. The optimization results indicate that the optimal dosages of HPMC, CCCW, and PPF are 0.306%, 0.423%, respectively, achieving the predicted optimal performance, i.e., 28-day compressive strength of 73.6 MPa and 7-day shrinkage of 133.98 μm, with experimental verification errors of 2.3% and 4.5%, respectively. The achievements of this study provide important theoretical basis and practical guidance for developing high-performance, low-shrinkage repair materials, demonstrating the integration of traditional civil engineering practices with modern scientific methodologies, and contributing to the field of construction materials.
On the role of sliding friction effect in nonlinear tri-hybrid vibration-based energy harvesting
Authors: Wang Jiamei , Lai Siukai , Wang Chen , Zhang Yiting , Chen Zhaolin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work aims to develop an experimental investigation into the effectiveness of the sliding-mode approach for hybrid vibration-based energy harvesting. A proposed sliding-mode triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric energy harvesting model involves a cantilever beam with a tip mass exposed to magnetic and frictional forces. The experimental findings indicate that the system can achieve its peak inter-well oscillation output within a low-frequency range of 4Hz–6Hz. Friction has a lesser impact on the open-circuit voltage output at an excitation acceleration of 1.5g compared with 1g. The distribution of tri-stability changes with the presence of friction. This model provides a deeper understanding of the influence of the dry friction coefficient (0.2–0.5) on the interactive behaviors of different generator units.
Towards Direct Numerical Simulations of Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine Using n-Octanol/Ethanol Fuel Blends
Authors: Premkumar Antony , Loffredo Francesca , Pitsch Heinz , Klein Markus 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe results of a two-dimensional direct numerical simulation of a lean n-octanol-ethanol fuel blend under Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) conditions are presented in this paper. Stratified temperature and high reactivity fuel fields of Gaussian, bi-modal, and log-normal distributions are studied for uncorrelated and correlated scenarios. The pimple loop is made to run twice to achieve compression heating. A chemical mechanism with 171 species and 734 reactions was developed to capture autoignition characteristics and flame propagation reasonably well. Diagnosing techniques published in the literature are used to determine whether the flame fronts are spontaneously propagating or not. As reported previously for other fuel blends under RCCI conditions, both deflagration and spontaneous ignition flame fronts are observed to co-exist. Gaussian, bi-modal, and log-normal fields respectively move towards a spontaneously igniting mode. Correlating temperature and high reactivity fuel fields not only makes combustion more spontaneously igniting but also more premixed. The analysis reveals the sensitivity of the DNS results with respect to the initial conditions which accordingly should be chosen with care.
An intelligent model for efficient load forecasting and sustainable energy management in sustainable microgrids
Authors: Onteru Rupesh Rayalu , Sandeep V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicrogrids have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing energy sustainability and resilience in localized energy distribution systems. Efficient energy management and accurate load forecasting are one of the critical aspects for improving the operation of microgrids. Various approaches for energy prediction and load forecasting using statistical models are discussed in the literature. In this work, a novel energy management framework that incorporates machine learning (ML) techniques is presented for an accurate prediction of solar and wind energy generation. The anticipated approach also emphasizes time series-based load forecasting in microgrids with precise estimation of State of Charge (SoC) of battery. A unique feature of the proposed framework is that utilizes historical load data and employs time series analysis coupled with different ML models to forecast the load demand in a commercial microgrids scenario. In this work, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Linear Regression (LR) models are employed for an experimental analysis to study the proposed framework under three different cases, such as (i) prediction of energy generation, (ii) load demand forecasting and, (iii) prediction of SoC of battery. The results show that the Random Forest (RF) and LSTM models performs well for energy prediction and load forecasting respectively. On the other hand, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model exhibited superior accuracy in terms of SoC estimation. Further, in this work, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) is developed for evaluating the efficacy of the proposed energy management framework.
Effects of short-term, high-dose cocoa-derived flavanol supplementation on gut microbiota composition: secondary findings from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study
Authors: Suther Cassandra , Alba Billie , Yurkevicius Beau R. , Radcliffe Patrick N. , Fagnant Heather S. , Castellani John , Karl J. Philip 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cocoa-derived flavanols (CDF) may act as prebiotics. However, evidence is inconsistent, and the duration and dose of CDF intake needed to elicit any prebiotic effect are undefined. This randomized, double-blind, crossover study determined the effects of short-term, high-dose dietary supplementation with CDF versus matched placebo on gut microbiota composition in 8 healthy adults. A single faecal sample was collected 8 d after supplementation with 900 mg/d CDF or placebo. Gut microbiota composition and Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. abundance were measured as secondary outcomes by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) amplicon sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. No between-treatment differences in the relative or absolute abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. (Cohen’s d = 0.89, P = 0.22) or Lactobacillus spp. (Cohen’s d = 0.42, P = 0.65) were detected. Shannon diversity (Cohen’s d = 0.38, P = 0.04) and overall community richness (Cohen’s d = 0.34, P = 0.06) were lower following CDF supplementation versus placebo, but no between-treatment differences in β-diversity or taxa relative abundances were observed. Findings are not consistent with a clear prebiotic effect of this short-term, high-dose CDF supplementation strategy relative to placebo.
Co-administration of xylo-oligosaccharides produced by immobilized Aspergillus terreus xylanase with carbimazole to mitigate its adverse effects on the adrenal gland
Authors: Nour Shaimaa A. , Foda Doaa S. , Elsehemy Islam A. , Hassan Mohamed E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCarbimazole has disadvantages on different body organs, especially the thyroid gland and, rarely, the adrenal glands. Most studies have not suggested any solution or medication for ameliorating the noxious effects of drugs on the glands. Our study focused on the production of xylooligosaccharide (XOS), which, when coadministered with carbimazole, relieves the toxic effects of the drug on the adrenal glands. In addition to accelerating the regeneration of adrenal gland cells, XOS significantly decreases the oxidative stress caused by obesity. This XOS produced by Aspergillus terreus xylanase was covalently immobilized using microbial Scleroglucan gel beads, which improved the immobilization yield, efficiency, and operational stability. Over a wide pH range (6–7.5), the covalent immobilization of xylanase on scleroglucan increased xylanase activity compared to that of its free form. Additionally, the reaction temperature was increased to 65 °C. However, the immobilized enzyme demonstrated superior thermal stability, sustaining 80.22% of its original activity at 60 °C for 120 min. Additionally, the full activity of the immobilized enzyme was sustained after 12 consecutive cycles, and the activity reached 78.33% after 18 cycles. After 41 days of storage at 4 °C, the immobilized enzyme was still active at approximately 98%. The immobilized enzyme has the capability to produce xylo-oligosaccharides (XOSs). Subsequently, these XOSs can be coadministered alongside carbimazole to mitigate the adverse effects of the drug on the adrenal glands. In addition to accelerating the regeneration of adrenal gland cells, XOS significantly decreases the oxidative stress caused by obesity.