bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of release and penetration of tacrolimus ointment reference and trial formulation after dermal application to pigs by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Ma Lifang , Wang Xiting , Fu Zhengyan , Sun Aimin , Gao Bo 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTTo investigate the consistency and bioequivalence of tacrolimus ointment reference and trial formulation, the tacrolimus concentrations in blood and skin were determined by HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS following topical application of two kinds of ointment in porcine skin in a parallel, cross‐over trial. The plasma protein of blood was precipitated by acetonitrile and the tacrolimus in skin was extracted by acetonitrile before HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS analysis. The internal calibration method (diazepam was the internal standard) was used for quantification analysis (R2 > 0.9999), with linear range from 0.05 to 5 ng/mL for blood samples and from 1 to 200 ng/mL for skin samples. The limits of detection for the porcine blood and skin were 0.005 and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. The average recoveries for the porcine blood and skin spiked at three levels were 97.56–109.53 and 96.48–103.57%, respectively. The precision expressed in RSDs was from 3.43 to 10.83% for porcine blood and from 3.10 to 8.69% for porcine skin. For the same pig, the tacrolimus concentrations and variation with time of the two kinds of ointment in porcine skin were similar, although variation occurred with different individuals. These results showed that the release and penetration of tacrolimus from the reference and trial formulation are similar. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
IKZF1 deletion is associated with a poor outcome in pediatric B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Japan
Authors: Asai Daisuke , Imamura Toshihiko , Suenobu So‐ichi , Saito Akiko , Hasegawa Daiichiro , Deguchi Takao , Hashii Yoshiko , Matsumoto Kimikazu , Kawasaki Hirohide , Hori Hiroki , Iguchi Akihiro , Kosaka Yoshiyuki , Kato Koji , Horibe Keizo , Yumura‐Yagi Keiko , Hara Junichi , Oda Megumi 
Published: May 2013

AbstractGenetic alterations of Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1 (IKZF1), point mutations in Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), and overexpression of cytokine receptor‐like factor 2 (CRLF2) were recently reported to be associated with poor outcomes in pediatric B‐cell precursor (BCP)‐ALL. Herein, we conducted genetic analyses of IKZF1 deletion, point mutation of JAK2 exon 16, 17, and 21, CRLF2 expression, the presence of P2RY8‐CRLF2 fusion and F232C mutation in CRLF2 in 202 pediatric BCP‐ALL patients newly diagnosed and registered in Japan Childhood Leukemia Study ALL02 protocol to find out if alterations in these genes are determinants of poor outcome. All patients showed good response to initial prednisolone (PSL) treatment. Ph+, infantile, and Down syndrome–associated ALL were excluded. Deletion of IKZF1 occurred in 19/202 patients (9.4%) and CRLF2 overexpression occurred in 16/107 (15.0%), which are similar to previous reports. Patients with IKZF1 deletion had reduced event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to those in patients without IKZF1 deletion (5‐year EFS, 62.7% vs. 88.8%, 5‐year OS, 71.8% vs. 90.2%). Our data also showed significantly inferior 5‐year EFS (48.6% vs. 84.7%, log rank P = 0.0003) and 5‐year OS (62.3% vs. 85.4%, log rank P = 0.009) in NCI‐HR patients (n = 97). JAK2 mutations and P2RY8‐CRLF2 fusion were rarely detected. IKZF1 deletion was identified as adverse prognostic factor even in pediatric BCP‐ALL in NCI‐HR showing good response to PSL.
Stereodynamics of Nitrogen Chiral Centers in aza‐β3‐Cyclodipeptides
Authors: Le Grel Philippe , Asprogenidi Aikaterini , Huez Philippe , Le Grel Barbara , Salaün Arnaud , Roisnel Thierry , Potel Michel , Rasti Elham , Hocquet Alexandre 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe present work is devoted to the synthesis, conformational analysis, and stereodynamic study of aza‐β3‐cyclodipeptides. This pseudopeptidic ring shows E/Z hydrazide bond isomerism, eight‐membered ring conformation, and chirotopic nitrogen atoms, all of which are elements that are prone to modulate the ring shape. The (E,E) twist boat conformation observed in the solid state by X‐ray diffraction is also the ground conformation in solution, and emerges as the lowest in energy when using quantum chemical calculations. The relative configuration associated with ring chirality and with the two nitrogen chiral centers is governed by steric crowding and adopts the (P)SNSN/(M)RNRN combination which projects side chains in equatorial position. The nitrogen pyramidal inversion (NPI) at the two chiral centers is correlated with the ring reversal. The process is significantly hindered as was shown by VT‐NMR experiments run in C2D2Cl4, which did not make it possible to determine the barrier to inversion. Finally, these findings make it conceivable to resolve enantiomers of aza‐β3‐cyclodipeptides by modulating the backbone decoration appropriately. Chirality 25:341–349, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimization of Triazine Nitriles as Rhodesain Inhibitors: Structure–Activity Relationships, Bioisosteric Imidazopyridine Nitriles, and X‐ray Crystal Structure Analysis with Human Cathepsin L
Authors: Ehmke Veronika , Winkler Edwin , Banner David W. , Haap Wolfgang , Schweizer W. Bernd , Rottmann Matthias , Kaiser Marcel , Freymond Céline , Schirmeister Tanja , Diederich François 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe cysteine protease rhodesain of Trypanosoma brucei parasites causing African sleeping sickness has emerged as a target for the development of new drug candidates. Based on a triazine nitrile moiety as electrophilic headgroup, optimization studies on the substituents for the S1, S2, and S3 pockets of the enzyme were performed using structure‐based design and resulted in inhibitors with inhibition constants in the single‐digit nanomolar range. Comprehensive structure–activity relationships clarified the binding preferences of the individual pockets of the active site. The S1 pocket tolerates various substituents with a preference for flexible and basic side chains. Variation of the S2 substituent led to high‐affinity ligands with inhibition constants down to 2 nM for compounds bearing cyclohexyl substituents. Systematic investigations on the S3 pocket revealed its potential to achieve high activities with aromatic vectors that undergo stacking interactions with the planar peptide backbone forming part of the pocket. X‐ray crystal structure analysis with the structurally related enzyme human cathepsin L confirmed the binding mode of the triazine ligand series as proposed by molecular modeling. Sub‐micromolar inhibition of the proliferation of cultured parasites was achieved for ligands decorated with the best substituents identified through the optimization cycles. In cell‐based assays, the introduction of a basic side chain on the inhibitors resulted in a 35‐fold increase in antitrypanosomal activity. Finally, bioisosteric imidazopyridine nitriles were studied in order to prevent off‐target effects with unselective nucleophiles by decreasing the inherent electrophilicity of the triazine nitrile headgroup. Using this ligand, the stabilization by intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the thioimidate intermediate, formed upon attack of the catalytic cysteine residue, compensates for the lower reactivity of the headgroup. The imidazopyridine nitrile ligand showed excellent stability toward the thiol nucleophile glutathione in a quantitative in vitro assay and fourfold lower cytotoxicity than the parent triazine nitrile.
Individual and geographic disparities in human papillomavirus types 16/18 in high‐grade cervical lesions
Authors: Niccolai Linda M. , Russ Chelsea , Julian Pamela J. , Hariri Susan , Sinard John , Meek James I. , McBride Vanessa , Markowitz Lauri E. , Unger Elizabeth R. , Hadler James L. , Sosa Lynn E. 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUNDCurrent vaccines protect against 2 human papillomavirus (HPV) types, HPV 16 and 18, which are associated with 70% of cervical cancers and 50% of high‐grade cervical lesions. HPV type distribution was examined among women with high‐grade lesions by individual and area‐based measures of race, ethnicity, and poverty.METHODSThis analysis included 832 women aged 18 to 39 years reported to a surveillance registry in Connecticut during 2008 to 2010. Diagnostic specimens were obtained for HPV DNA testing. Individual measures were obtained from surveillance reports, medical records, and patient interviews. Cases were geocoded to census tracts and linked to area‐based measures of race, ethnicity, and poverty. Statistical analysis included use of generalized estimating equations.RESULTSOverall, 44.8% of women had HPV 16/18. In a multivariate model controlled for confounding by age and diagnosis grade, black race (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.34‐0.88), Hispanic ethnicity (aPR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40‐0.88), and higher area‐based poverty (aPR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40‐0.87) were associated with a lower likelihood of HPV 16/18 positivity. Black and Hispanic women were less likely to have HPV 16/18 than white women across all levels of area‐based measures.CONCLUSIONSBlack race, Hispanic ethnicity, and higher area‐based poverty are salient predictors of lower HPV 16/18 positivity among women with high‐grade cervical lesions. These data suggest that HPV vaccines might have lower impact among black and Hispanic women and those living in high poverty areas. These findings have implications for vaccine impact monitoring, vaccination programs, and new vaccine development. Cancer 2013;119:3052—3058. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
One‐pot Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO2 from Self‐Assembled Sol Particles and Its Application as Mesoscopic Photoanodes of Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Min , Yan Keyou , Han Wei , Yang Shihe 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA facile one‐pot synthetic strategy is developed to prepare a class of highly crystalline TiO2 materials with uniform mesoporous structure and good thermal stability. The synthesis intricately combines the advantages of the Stöber, surfactant‐templated, and hydrothermal methods. The mesopore sizes are well controlled by adjusting the ratio of hydrolysis inhibitor to TiO2 precursor. DSSC testing results highlights the importance of specific surface area and mesopore size to the cell performance. The DSSC based on the optimized mesoporous TiO2 photoanode reached over 8.3 % power conversion efficiency. It is revealed that electron lifetime is greatly increased because of the confinement effect of the uniform mesoporous structure associated with the photoanode. Electron transport is also accelerated as a result of the highly connected crystalline structure for electron transport. Electron diffusion length on the optimized photoanode is about 2.3 times larger than that in a photoanode of Degussa P25 .
Corporate Social Performance and Stakeholder Dialogue Management
Authors: Agudo‐Valiente José M. , Garcés‐Ayerbe Concepción , Salvador‐Figueras Manuel 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis study analyses how firms act with regard to social responsibility from the perspective of Stakeholder Theory. The objective is to empirically analyse the importance of communication with stakeholders for social responsibility. This involves the establishment of a structural equation model that enables analysis of the empirical relationship between firms' degree of communication with stakeholders and the effectiveness of their corporate social responsibility, measured by corporate social performance (CSP). We adopt a Bayesian approach that enables exact inferences concerning the model's parameters and handles missing data by random imputations, thus increasing the study's reliability. The results obtained from a sample of 416 Spanish organisations show the importance of interacting and establishing channels of communication with different stakeholders in order to identify their specific demands and expectations. Indeed, communication with stakeholders helps firms to improve their CSP programmes and activities. We can thus conclude that failure to establish good communication channels could have a negative effect on social responsibility. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
incorporating dimensions into the classification of eating disorders: Three models and their implications for research and clinical practice
Authors: Wildes Jennifer E. , Marcus Marsha D. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjective:Given renewed interest in dimensional approaches in psychiatric nosology, we review evidence for the utility of including dimensions of eating disorder (ED) psychopathology, comorbid psychopathology, and neurobiology in the classification of EDs.Method:We searched on‐line databases and reference lists of published papers for articles on dimensional methods in psychiatric classification, with an emphasis on EDs.Results:ED classification may be enhanced by including dimensional assessments. Specifically, some ED features appear to exist on a continuum with normality, and dimensional measures of ED severity are likely to have utility in clinical contexts. Furthermore, accumulating data support the validity of ED classification schemes that incorporate dimensions of comorbid psychopathology. Finally, neurobiological dimensions have gained increasing notice across the psychiatric literature and may be particularly salient to the classification of EDs.Discussion:An approach to ED classification that incorporates multiple dimensional measures may have the greatest utility for advancing ED treatment. © 2013 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:396–403)
Psychosocial risk factors for eating disorders
Authors: Keel Pamela K. , Forney K. Jean 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjective:One goal in identifying psychosocial risk factors is to discover opportunities for intervention. The purpose of this review is to examine psychosocial risk factors for disordered eating, placing research findings in the larger context of how etiological models for eating disorders can be transformed into models for intervention.Method:A qualitative literature review was conducted focusing on psychological and social factors that increase the risk for developing eating disorders, with an emphasis on well‐replicated findings from prospective longitudinal studies.Results:Epidemiological, cross‐cultural, and longitudinal studies underscore the importance of the idealization of thinness and resulting weight concerns as psychosocial risk factors for eating disorders. Personality factors such as negative emotionality and perfectionism contribute to the development of eating disorders but may do so indirectly by increasing susceptibility to internalize the thin ideal or by influencing selection of peer environment. During adolescence, peers represent self‐selected environments that influence risk.Discussion:Peer context may represent a key opportunity for intervention, as peer groups represent the nexus in which individual differences in psychological risk factors shape the social environment and social environment shapes psychological risk factors. Thus, peer‐based interventions that challenge internalization of the thin ideal can protect against the development of eating pathology. © 2013 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:433–439)
An Immunosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of 1‐Pyrenebutyric Acid with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance Based on a Graphene‐Ionic Liquid Doped Chitosan Film Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Shuangjie Xu , He Xu , Jianshe Liu 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper describes a highly sensitive and label‐free electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of 1‐pyrenebutyric acid (PBA) which is based on a graphene (GS), chitosan (CS), and ionic liquid (IL) composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GS‐CS‐IL/GCE). The modification process was monitored by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Due to the synergistic effects of GS, CS, and IL, the biosensor exhibits excellent selectivity to PBA. The current response of the proposed immunosensor decreases linearly at two concentration ranges from 0.01 to 5 and from 5 to 150 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 0.01 ng mL−1.
Nanothin Polyaniline Film for Highly Sensitive Chemiresistive Gas Sensing
Authors: Srinives Sira , Sarkar Tapan , Mulchandani Ashok 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis study developed a facile technique for site‐specific synthesis of nanometer‐thick polyaniline (PANI) film for fabrication of field‐effect transistor/chemiresistor sensors. The nanothin film had a thickness of 9–20 nm and was of carpet‐like morphology offering a highly accessible surface geometry that enhanced gas adsorption and promoted surface reaction/interaction. When applied for sensing of ammonia (NH3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), the performance of the nanothin film device was comparable to that of a 1‐dimensional (1‐D) nanostructure, with a great advantage in ease of processing. Sensing mechanism study indicated electrostatic gating as the dominating mode of sensing.
GelatinnZn(CF3SO3)2 Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Alves Raquel D. , Rodrigues Luísa C. , Andrade Juliana R. , Fernandes Mariana , Pinto Joana V. , Pereira Luís , Pawlicka Agnieszka , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira , de Zea Bermudez Verónica , Silva Maria Manuela 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe present work is focused on gelatin‐based electrolytes doped with a range of concentration of zinc triflate (Zn(CF3SO3)2). The transparent‐thin‐film samples have been represented by the notation GelatinnZn(CF3SO3)2, where n represents the zinc triflate salt concentration in the electrolyte membranes from 0.00 wt% to 10.93 wt% . The samples have been characterized by conductivity measurements, thermal analysis, cyclic voltammetry, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The gelatin‐based electrolytes were also tested as ionic conductors in electrochromic devices with the glass/ITO/WO3/gelatin‐based electrolyte/CeO2‐TiO2/ITO/glass configuration.
Electrochemical Investigations of the Anticancer Drug Idarubicin Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon and Pyrolytic Graphite Electrodes
Authors: Kurbanoglu Sevinc , Dogan‐Topal Burcu , Uslu Bengi , Can Alp , Ozkan Sibel A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe effect of surface modifications on the electrochemical behavior of the anticancer drug idarubicin was studied at multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon and edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrodes. The surface morphology of the modified electrodes was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The modified electrodes were constructed for the determination of idarubicin using adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry. The experimental parameters such as supporting electrolyte, pH, accumulation time and potential, amount of carbon nanotubes for the sensitive assay of idarubicin were studied as details. Under the optimized conditions, idarubicin gave a linear response in the range 9.36×10−8–1.87×10−6 M for modified glassy carbon and 9.36×10−8–9.36×10−7 M for modified edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrodes. The detection limits were found as 1.87×10−8 M and 3.75×10−8 M based on modified glassy carbon and edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrodes, respectively. Interfering species such as ascorbic acid, dopamine, and aspirin showed no interference with the selective determination of idarubicin. The analyzing method was fully validated and successfully applied for the determination of idarubicin in its pharmaceutical dosage form. The possible oxidation mechanism of idarubicin was also discussed. The results revealed that the modified electrodes showed an obvious electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of idarubicin by a remarkable enhancement in the current response compared with bare electrodes.
Chemical variability and antioxidant activity of Eryngium maritimum L. essential oils from Corsica and Sardinia
Authors: Darriet Florent , Andreani Stéphane , De Cian Marie‐Cécile , Costa Jean , Muselli Alain 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe chemical compositions of Corsican and Sardinian Eryngium maritimum L. essential oils were investigated using column chromatography, gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in electron impact mode. Sixty‐three compounds were identified accounting for 85.8–95.7% of the total amount. With germacrene D (13.7–45.9%), three uncommon oxygenated sesquiterpenes, 4βH‐cadin‐9‐en‐15‐al (18.4–27.6%), 4βH‐cadin‐9‐en‐15‐ol (2.2–14.3%) and 4βH‐muurol‐9‐en‐15‐al (4.3–9.3%), were identified as main components of the essential oils obtained from the plant aerial parts. Relative to these, essential oils from the roots differed drastically with high contents of 2,4,5‐trimethylbenzaldehyde (39.8%), 2,3,6‐trimethylbenzaldehyde (29.0%) and α‐muurolene (23.5%). The chemical variability of Corsican and Sardinian E. maritimum essential oils was studied using statistical analysis. A direct correlation between the island of origin of the sample essential oils and their chemical compositions was assessed. Corsican essential oils exhibited higher amounts of hydrocarbon terpenes than Sardinian samples. Relative to other Eryngium species, Corsican and Sardinian E. maritimum essential oils exhibited original compositions with sesquiterpene aldehydes. These compounds, together with total essential oil, were tested for antioxidant properties using the DPPH and ABTS radical‐scavenging activity tests. No meaningful activity could be attributed to sesquiterpene aldehydes and the corresponding alcohols but the total essential oil and the oxygenated fraction of E. maritimum both demonstrated strong antioxidant properties. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Major bioactivities and mechanism of action of essential oils and their components
Authors: Saad Nizar Y. , Muller Christian D. , Lobstein Annelise 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTEssential oils are gaining increasing interest for their antimicrobial and antiviral properties, as well as for their preventive and therapeutic actions against many human pathologies. Herein, we present an overview on new discoveries in essential oil research, discussing antimicrobial activity, as well as immunomodulatory, anti‐apoptotic, anti‐angiogenic and anti‐tumoural properties. In addition, we emphasize recent advances in the identification of bioactive components and understanding of their mechanism of action. We discuss their molecular diversity and wide spectrum of activity as well as their structure–activity relationships and capability of targeting paradoxical responses triggered by different genes and pathways. Finally, we emphasize the effort required to isolate and identify the bioactive components of essential oils and to determine their cytotoxicity as their specificity. Thus, new approaches to specifically address bioactive components to selected targets could enhance the latter property in order to accommodate any cytotoxicity towards dysfunctioning loci. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predicting Recessions with Factor Linear Dynamic Harmonic Regressions
Authors: Bujosa Marcos , García‐Ferrer Antonio , de Juan Aránzazu 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTWe propose a new framework for building composite leading indicators for the Spanish economy using monthly targeted predictors and small‐scale dynamic factor models. Our leading indicator index, based on the low‐frequency components of four monthly economic variables, is able to predict the onset of the Spanish recessions as well as the gross domestic product (GDP) growth cycles and classical industrial production cycles, both historically and in real time. Also, our leading indicator provides substantial aid in forecasting annual and quarterly GDP growth rates. Using only real data available at the beginning of each forecast period, our indicator one‐step‐ahead forecasts shows substantial improvements over other alternatives. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.