bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived Effects of Organizational Downsizing and Staff Cuts on the Stress Experience: The Role of Resources
Authors: Boyd Carolyn M. , Tuckey Michelle R. , Winefield Anthony H. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn response to global financial pressures, retail companies have introduced measures to reduce costs by cutting staff allocations to individual outlets. On the basis of interview data from four employees of a large retail organization, this paper employs an ideographic case‐study approach to illustrate how the processes linking job characteristics to job‐related strain and well‐being (e.g. appraisal, action regulation, coping, resource utilization) unfold within four individual workers, as they attempt to manage perceived increases in demands resulting from staff cuts. We highlight the importance that these employees place on their own psychological resources (e.g. self‐efficacy) and coping mechanisms (e.g. disengagement) in dealing with these changes, as well as how the perceived availability or absence of job resources (e.g. social support, decision authority, organizational justice) influences their ability to cope with increased demands. We use the insights gained from the case studies to illustrate the value of integrating multiple theoretical perspectives towards achieving a nuanced understanding of the intricacies involved in these experiences and to suggest ways in which the coping capacities of individual employees might be increased. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coping Strategies as Mediators and Moderators between Stress and Quality of Life among Parents of Children with Autistic Disorder
Authors: Dardas Latefa A. , Ahmad Muayyad M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to examine coping strategies as mediators and moderators between stress and quality of life (QoL) among parents of children with autistic disorder. The convenience sample of the study consisted of 184 parents of children with autistic disorder. Advanced statistical methods for analyses of mediator and moderator effects of coping strategies were used. The results revealed that ‘accepting responsibility’ was the only mediator strategy in the relationship between stress and QoL. The results also revealed that only ‘seeking social support’ and ‘escape avoidance’ were moderator strategies in the relationship between stress and QoL. This study is perhaps the first to investigate the mediating and moderating effects of coping on QoL of parents of children with autistic disorder. Recommendations for practice and future research are presented. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A general strategy for cellular reprogramming: The importance of transcription factor cross-repression
Authors: Crespo Isaac , del Sol Antonio 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Transcription factor cross-repression is an important concept in cellular differentiation. A bistable toggle switch constitutes a molecular mechanism that determines cellular commitment and provides stability to transcriptional programs of binary cell fate choices. Experiments support that perturbations of these toggle switches can interconvert these binary cell fate choices, suggesting potential reprogramming strategies. However, more complex types of cellular transitions could involve perturbations of combinations of different types of multistable motifs. Here, we introduce a method that generalizes the concept of transcription factor cross-repression to systematically predict sets of genes, whose perturbations induce cellular transitions between any given pair of cell types. Furthermore, to our knowledge, this is the first method that systematically makes these predictions without prior knowledge of potential candidate genes and pathways involved, providing guidance on systems where little is known. Given the increasing interest of cellular reprogramming in medicine and basic research, our method represents a useful computational methodology to assist researchers in the field in designing experimental strategies.
Evaluation of lateral‐torsional coupling in earthquake response of asymmetric multistory buildings
Authors: Yiu C.‐F. , Chan C.‐M. , Huang M. , Li G. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents a practical method for evaluating lateral‐torsional coupling in the elastic earthquake response of asymmetric multistory buildings. A transformation technique is first developed to shift the floor centers of mass of an asymmetric building to new reference positions where the sum of the squares of all floor rotations of the building due to lateral inertia loads is a minimum. By setting the locus of the floor centers of mass of the building at the new reference positions, a representative eccentricity and an effectively uncoupled system for the building can be established on the basis which an equivalent eccentric single mass system can be developed. The additional lateral translations caused by seismic torsional effects in the building can be analytically determined and expressed in terms of the representative building eccentricity and the uncoupled periods evaluated using the effectively uncoupled system. The effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method are illustrated with two 30‐story practical buildings. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thick deltaic sedimentation and detachment faulting delay the onset of continental rupture in the Northern Gulf of California: Analysis of seismic reflection profiles
Authors: Martín‐Barajas Arturo , González‐Escobar Mario , Fletcher John M. , Pacheco Martín , Oskin Michael , Dorsey Rebecca 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe transition from distributed continental extension to the rupture of continental lithosphere is imaged in the northern Gulf of California across the obliquely conjugate Tiburón‐Upper Delfin basin segment. Structural mapping on a 5–20 km grid of seismic reflection lines of Petroleos Mexicanos demonstrates that ~1000% extension is accommodated on a series of NNE striking listric‐normal faults that merge at depth into a detachment fault. The detachment juxtaposes a late‐Neogene marine sequence over thinned continental crust and contains an intrabasinal divide due to footwall uplift. Two northwest striking, dextral‐oblique faults bound both ends of the detachment and shear the continental crust parallel to the tectonic transport. A regional unconformity in the upper 0.5 s (two‐way travel time) and crest erosion of rollover anticlines above the detachment indicates inversion and footwall uplift during the lithospheric rupture in the Upper Delfin and Lower Delfin basins. The maximum length of new crust in both Delfin basins is less than 40 km based on the lack of an acoustic basement and the absence of a lower sedimentary sequence beneath a wedge‐shaped upper sequence that reaches >5 km in thickness. A fundamental difference exists between the Tiburón‐Delfin segment and the Guaymas segment to the south in terms of presence of low‐angle normal faults and amount of new oceanic lithosphere, which we attribute to thermal insulation, diffuse upper‐plate extension, and slip on low‐angle normal faults engendered by a thick sedimentary lid.
Parameter estimation of horizontal multilayer earth based on complex image method and improved particle swarm optimization
Authors: He Wei , Zhang Ruiqiang , Zhu Liwei , Chen Tao , Yang Fan , Shi Qingyan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractGrounding grids are buried underground to reduce the earth resistance and provide ways for overvoltage protection and current leakage. With regard to the safety evaluation and fault diagnosis of substations, it is vital to know the accurate earth parameters before detecting the fault sites of grounding grid in substations. The estimation of earth parameters is used to solve the inverse problem of calculating apparent resistivity using given earth parameters. First, complex image methods are used to solve the improper integration with the assistance of Prony's expansion which is utilized to calculate the coefficients for the Lipschitz's expansions in this article. Also, by considering the root mean square error and absolute error (AbsE), we focus on different aspects of the effectiveness of the estimation. The root mean square error between the measured and calculated apparent resistivity (\documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{amsfonts}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\rho^a_{\mathrm{md}}$ \end{document} and \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{amsfonts}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\rho^a_{\mathrm{cd}}$ \end{document}, respectively) is set up as the main objective function, and AbsE as a supplemental criterion for measuring the estimation. Afterwards, improved particle swarm optimization is adopted to minimize the objective function with a constraint function. Resulting from the outstanding global searching characteristics, accurate soil parameters are much easier to obtain. A method to artificially regulate the initial values is proposed in this article, and two cases are introduced to validate the effectiveness. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Prenatal abnormal features of the fourth ventricle in Joubert syndrome and related disorders
Authors: Quarello E. , Molho M. , Garel C. , Couture A. , Legac M. P. , Moutard M. L. , Bault J. P. , Fallet‐Bianco C. , Guibaud L. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTJoubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) are characterized by absence or underdevelopment of the cerebellar vermis and a malformed brainstem. This family of disorders is a member of an emerging class of diseases called ciliopathies. We describe the abnormal features of the brain, particularly the fourth ventricle, in seven fetuses affected by JSRD. In three cases abnormality of the fourth ventricle was isolated and in four cases there were associated malformations. The molar tooth sign (MTS) was always present and visible on two‐dimensional ultrasound and, when performed, on three‐dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. The fourth ventricle was always abnormal, in both axial and sagittal views, presenting pathognomonic deformities. It is important to identify JSRD, preferably prenatally or at least postnatally, due to its high risk of recurrence of about 25%. A detailed prenatal assessment of the fourth ventricle in several views may help to achieve this goal. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Semiempirical quantum–chemical methods
Authors: Thiel Walter 
Published: July 2013

The semiempirical methods of quantum chemistry are reviewed, with emphasis on established neglect of diatomic differential overlap‐based methods (MNDO, AM1, PM3) and on the more recent orthogonalization‐corrected methods (OM1, OM2, OM3). After a brief historical overview, the methodology is presented in nontechnical terms, covering the underlying concepts, parameterization strategies, and computational aspects, as well as linear scaling and hybrid approaches. The application section addresses selected recent benchmarks and surveys ground‐state and excited‐state studies, including recent OM2‐based excited‐state dynamics investigations.This article is categorized under:

Electronic Structure Theory > Semiempirical Electronic Structure Methods
Cisplatin-functionalized silica nanoparticles for cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Rejeeth Chandrababu , Nag Tapas C. , Kannan Soundarapandian 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Cisplatin is used to treat a variety of tumors, but dose-limiting toxicities or intrinsic and acquired resistance limit its application in many types of cancer including breast. Cisplatin was attached to silica nanoparticles using aminopropyltriethoxy silane as a linker molecule and characterized in terms of size, shape, as well as the dissolution of cisplatin from the silica surface. The primary particle diameter of the as received silica nanoparticles ranged from 20 to 90 nm. The results show that adverse effects on cell function, as evidenced by reduced metabolic activity measured by the MTT assay and increased membrane permeability observed using the live/dead stain, can be correlated with surface area of the silica. Cisplatin-functionalized silica nanoparticles with the highest surface area incited the greatest response, which was almost equivalent to that induced by free cisplatin. Moreover, if verified by further studies, would indicate that cisplatin was attached to silica nanoparticles might prove to be useful in site-specific drug delivery.
High lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 expression independently predicts high risk for biochemical recurrence in prostate cancers
Authors: Grupp Katharina , Sanader Stella , Sirma Hüseyin , Simon Ronald , Koop Christina , Prien Kristina , Hube-Magg Claudia , Salomon Georg , Graefen Markus , Heinzer Hans , Minner Sarah , Izbicki Jakob R. , Sauter Guido , Schlomm Thorsten , Tsourlakis Maria Christina 
Published: July 2013

Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) has been suggested to play a role in cancer. To assess its role in prostate cancer, LPCAT1 expression was analyzed on a tissue microarray containing samples from 11,152 prostate cancer patients. In benign prostate glands, LPCAT1 immunostaining was absent or weak. In prostate cancer, LPCAT1 positivity was found in 73.8% of 8786 interpretable tumors including 29.2% with strong expression. Increased LPCAT1 expression was associated with advanced tumor stage (pT3b/T4) (p < 0.0001), high Gleason score (≥4 + 4) (p < 0.0001), positive nodal involvement (p = 0.0002), positive surgical margin (p = 0.0005), and early PSA recurrence (p < 0.0001). High LPCAT1 expression was strongly linked to ERG‐fusion type prostate cancer. Strong LPCAT1 staining was detected in 45.3% of ERG positive but in only 16.7% of ERG negative tumors (p < 0.0001). Within ERG negative cancers, LPCAT1 staining was strongly increased within the subgroup of PTEN deleted cancers (p < 0.0001). Further subgroup analyses revealed that associations of high LPCAT1 expression with PSA recurrence and unfavorable tumor phenotype were largely driven by ERG negative cancers (p < 0.0001) while these effects were substantially mitigated in ERG positive cancers (p = 0.0073). The prognostic impact of LPCAT1 expression was independent of histological and clinical parameters. It is concluded, that LPCAT1 measurement, either alone or in combination, may be utilized for better clinical decision‐making. These data also highlight the potentially important role of lipid metabolism in prostate cancer biology.
Autologous Platelet‐Rich Plasma Versus Dextrose Prolotherapy for the Treatment of Chronic Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Kim Eunkuk , Lee Jong Ha 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of autologous platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) compared with dextrose prolotherapy (DP) in patients with chronic recalcitrant plantar fasciitis (PF)DesignA single‐blinded, randomized, controlled study.SettingDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of a university hospital.ParticipantsTwenty‐one patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic PF confirmed by diagnostic ultrasound (plantar fascia thickness >4 mm) were randomly assigned to the PRP group (n = 10) or the DP group (n = 11).InterventionsEach patient received 2 injections into the plantar fascia through a peppering technique under ultrasound guidance at an interval of 2 weeks, either with 2 mL of autologous PRP or 2 mL of 15% dextrose/lidocaine solution.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe outcome measures included the pain, disability, and activity limitation subscales, measured by means of the Foot Functional Index. Data were collected before the first injection, at 2 weeks (before the second injection), and at the 2‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups.ResultsAll patients completed the follow‐ups, with the exception of 1 patient in the PRP group. The mean Foot Functional Index total and subcategory score improvements were greater in the PRP group compared with the DP group (improvement with PRP vs DP, total: 30.4% vs 15.1%, pain: 29.7% vs 17.1%, disability: 26.6% vs 14.5%, activity limitation: 28.0% vs 12.4%). However, no statistically significant difference was noted at any follow‐up. In the pain and disability subcategories, both groups showed significant improvements at the last re‐evaluation. The PRP group also showed significant improvements in the disability and activity limitation subscales at the second re‐evaluation.ConclusionsEach treatment seems to be effective for chronic recalcitrant PF, expanding the treatment options for patients in whom conservative care has failed. PRP treatment also may lead to a better initial improvement in function compared with DP treatment.
Legal Mobilization, Transnational Activism, and Gender Equality in the EU
Authors: Cichowski Rachel A. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This article examines how EU rights and laws serve as legal opportunity structures for women’s rights activists in Europe. Further, it examines what effects this transnational activism has on the permanence and inclusion of public interests and gender equality in EU legal and political processes. The analysis examines the legal domain of EU women’s rights over a thirty-year period. Methodologically, the study relies on case law analysis, primary document collections, and interviews with non-governmental organizations and governmental elites at both the EU and the national level. I ask how legal mobilization can serve as a catalyst for institutional change (by influencing litigation and legislative action), and how this effects subsequent EU-level women’s rights mobilization and public inclusion.
Resisting the Silence: The Use of Tolerance and Equality Arguments by Gay and Lesbian Activist Groups in Russia
1
Authors: Kondakov Alexander 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In the new, post-Soviet Russia, some people have been excluded from the possibility of possessing human rights based on different identity claims. Lesbians and gay men are among those who are excluded. Though in some states the mechanism of this is manifestly inscribed in the law, in Russia the mechanism is hidden in the field of silence: the field of discourse on homosexuality is full of lacunas. While the most productive speakers are certainly LGBT activists, the most passive ones are the state officials. These forces come into discursive play where rights are at stake. The purpose of this paper, based on original research on the emerging activism of gays and lesbians in Russia, is to uncover the regulative features of silence in the Russian discourse on homosexuality.
Finding the Money: Public Accounting, Political Arithmetic, and Probability in the 1690s
Authors: Deringer William Peter 
Published: July 2013

Abstract“Finding the money”—whether money lost, hidden, or needed—became a defining practical and epistemological problem in the decade after the 1688 Revolution. It was a problem that linked together actors in fiscal administration, parliamentary politics, and economic theory, and drove innovative new applications of numerical calculation to political reasoning. In the debates on monarchical revenues that arose in 1689, a crisis of knowledge engulfed Parliament as MPs discovered how few among them had any insight into the nation's fiscal well-being. A parliamentary Commission of Public Accounts, formed in 1690, learned that even a basic financial assessment was extraordinarily difficult. Yet the commission's travails also revealed numerical calculations to be a potent political tool, which empowered relative outsiders to make incisive criticisms without complete information. Such combative political computation was systematized in the “political arithmetick” of Charles Davenant, who provided a novel political rationale for the value of “probable” knowledge.
Imagined Polities, Failed Dreams, and the Beginnings of an Unacknowledged Britain: English Responses to James VI and I's Vision of Perfect Union
Authors: Waurechen Sarah 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe regal union (and James VI and I's desire that it be perfected) produced varied responses to Scotland, not just hostile reactions. Plays, pamphlets, treatises, and manuscripts accompanied parliamentary debate in England and queried the precedents for, as well as the future potential of, something called Britain. They also engaged with the nature of sovereignty. Authors thus deployed both negative and positive descriptions of the Scots, and they were unified less by Scotophobia and more by a tendency to privilege a distinctly English narrative despite a specifically British problem. Such Anglocentric narratives circumvented the issue of the Anglo-Scottish relationship, postponing English engagement with the realities of their new context. This was possible only because the Scots occupied a position somewhere between sameness and difference in the English imagination.
Project Energize: whole-region primary school nutrition and physical activity programme; evaluation of body size and fitness 5 years after the randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rush Elaine , McLennan Stephanie , Obolonkin Victor , Vandal Alain C. , Hamlin Michael , Simmons David , Graham David 
Published: July 2013

Project Energize, a region-wide whole-school nutrition and physical activity programme, commenced as a randomised controlled trial (RCT) in the period 2004–6 in 124 schools in Waikato, New Zealand. In 2007, sixty-two control schools were engaged in the programme, and by 2011, all but two of the 235 schools in the region were engaged. Energizers (trained nutrition and physical activity specialists) work with eight to twelve schools each to achieve the goals of the programme, which are based on healthier eating and enhanced physical activity. In 2011, indices of obesity and physical fitness of 2474 younger (7·58 (sd 0·57) years) and 2330 older (10·30 (sd 0·51) years) children attending 193 of the 235 primary schools were compared with historical measurements. After adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status (SES) and school cluster effects, the combined prevalence of obesity and overweight among younger and older children in 2011 was lower by 31 and 15 %, respectively, than that among ‘unEnergized’ children in the 2004 to 2006 RCT. Similarly, BMI was lower by 3·0 % (95 % CI − 5·8, − 1·3) and 2·4 % (95 % CI − 4·3, − 0·5). Physical fitness (time taken to complete a 550 m run) was significantly higher in the Energized children (13·7 and 11·3 %, respectively) than in a group of similarly aged children from another region. These effects were observed for boys and girls, both indigenous Māori and non-Māori children, and across SES. The long-term regional commitment to the Energize programme in schools may potentially lead to a secular reduction in the prevalence of overweight and obesity and gains in physical fitness, which may reduce the risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes.