bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Policy on Children’s Environmental Health in Asia
Authors: Ha Eunhee 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Asia contains half of the world’s children, and the countries of Asia are the most rapidly industrializing nations of the globe. Environmental threats to children’s health are widespread in Asia and are multiplying as countries undergo industrial development, urbanization, and pass through the epidemiologic transition. In response to this crisis, governments in Asian countries developed regulations and basic facilities for managing air and water pollutants in the 20th century. Environmental quality improved. However, government regulations on air and water pollution are not sufficient to protect the health of Asian children against toxic chemicals. New environmental health policies have therefore been formulated. In Korea, to protect children from environmental threats to health, the national government established the Children’s Environmental Health Policy in 2006. Under this policy, a council for the promotion of child safety was created, and the government developed a national child safety plan. The government began for the first time to supervise risk management for children’s products, developed environmental education programs, and launched a new advertising campaign for children’s environmental health. The government also established early monitoring systems for environmental diseases in children and a national network of environmental health centers to manage children’s environmental diseases. Korea, China, and Japan have launched major prospective, longitudinal birth cohort studies to examine the impacts of the environment on the health of Asian children.
Natural Disasters, Environmental Emergencies, and Children’s Health
Authors: Falk Henry 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
With the increased emphasis on preparedness and emergency response that has arisen in the past decade, addressing pediatric issues has become critically important. But despite increasingly available guidance for pediatricians, expertise in child health has not yet been fully incorporated into disaster planning. In almost all disaster settings, children are vulnerable to mental health problems. War, civil disturbances, and refugee migrations have adversely impacted millions of children. Natural disasters have taken an enormous toll in the past decade. In the United States, Hurricane Katrina devastated a major city, and pediatric care was severely impacted. Hundreds of thousands were killed as a result of major earthquakes in Haiti and Indonesia. Innovative and valiant approaches to emergency pediatric care have been laudable, but large numbers of children face severe consequences from such disasters. The Fukushima nuclear reactor event and earlier nuclear and chemical catastrophes in Chernobyl and Bhopal highlight the potentially enormous toll of environmental and technological disasters on children’s health and well-being.
New Frontiers in Children’s Environmental Health
Authors: Landrigan Philip J. , Etzel Ruth A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Children’s environmental health has made great progress in the past three decades. It has generated new research and new training programs. It has matured as a scientific discipline and gained academic credibility. It has improved the lives of children around the world. This chapter calls for a new paradigm in environment and health policy that is explicitly designed to protect the health and well-being of children. This new paradigm is based on prudence and precaution. Responsible stewardship of chemicals and technologies, new as well as old, is its guiding principle. This new framework overturns the dangerous and outdated assumption that new chemicals and new technologies pose no risks to human health or the environment until they are established beyond all doubt to cause harm. The burden of proof needs to be shifted. Under this new paradigm safety must be documented before a new product or technology can be brought to market. Adoption of this paradigm will fundamentally reshape risk assessment. It will recast environmental policy. It will prevent repetition of the tragedies of the past. It will preserve the future for the world’s children.
Introduction
Authors: Cohan Steven 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the main arguments and opinions about Audrey Hepburn that are discussed in the book. It describes how her voice, face, and body contributed to her screen persona and presence. Additional topics include her identification with fashion as it signifies movement and transformation; the contradictions in her screen persona; and her renown as an actress, given her numerous awards and work with A-list directors. The introduction reviews books that treat Hepburn as a style guru and how this has been disseminated further in TV commercials and series. It refutes claims that she could not act, and it lists the topics of each chapter before closing.
From Jewish tradition to anthropological tradition: Kashrut today
Authors: Topel Marta F. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The object of this chapter is to explain the complexity and characteristics of kashrut and how it is practiced in our times. The analysis developed here separates the vision of observant Jews (the emic point of view) from that of kashrut scholars (the etic point of view). For the first group, sources include two kashrut manuals that have a wide audience among the Israeli Orthodox population, as well as rabbinic and philosophical conceptions on the importance and functions of kashrut. Pertaining to the second group are the approaches of researchers who have directly or tangentially reflected on Jewish dietary laws, their functions, and their relation to life, death, the sacred, the impure, and Jewish identity. These are the works of Mary Douglas, Jacob Milgrom, Howard Eilberg-Schwartz, and David Kramer.
Advancing Transformation
Authors: Cook Amy L. , Levy Ian P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Youth participatory action research (YPAR) encourages the sharing of youths’ stories from their perspectives while facilitating the critical examination of knowledge produced via research to rectify social problems and promote healing. This chapter introduces the text, which includes an array of authors describing applications of YPAR as a youth-oriented group process where school counselors collaborate alongside students in developmentally relevant ways toward personal growth and positive school-community improvement. In Section I of the book, YPAR is introduced, whereby invited authors describe how school counselors can implement YPAR in schools and highlight youth perspectives. In Section II, the authors provide developmentally relevant descriptions and report on YPAR projects conducted in small/large groups, linking to the larger system to advance students’ personal goals and to support systems-level improvement. Finally, in Section III, YPAR is illustrated at the community level where the authors describe how YPAR can support family, school, and community-wide efforts.
Partnering With External Organizations and Institutions to Implement YPAR
Authors: Cook Amy L. , Kausel Julia , Fallon Lindsay M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The authors of this chapter describe how engagement in youth participatory action research (YPAR) with external organizations can prepare school counselors to build strength-based partnerships to promote equity and disrupt racism and bias in schools. Specifically, they describe how democratic collaboration with outside organizations involves shared decision-making to leverage community assets and cultural wealth. Collaborative efforts to engage in YPAR with external organizations is critical to challenging oppressive policies and practices, making schools and communities places where marginalized individuals have a voice and an active role in determining the change needed. The authors provide a descriptive case study to illustrate how to promote systems improvement in partnerships based on shared trust and goals. The authors also offer a review of the literature, apply the school–family–community partnership process model, and close with recommendations for practice, illuminating suggestions for navigating challenges in the field.
The Anatomy of Deception
Authors: Gorman Sara E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
What has happened to trust in the healthcare system in recent years, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, and how does trust interact with citizens’ feelings about democracy and the outlook of the country writ large? Through a combination of original qualitative and secondary-source research, this book closely examines the relationship among trust, misinformation, and democracy over the past 5 years in American culture. It advances some important groundbreaking new theories about the central place of trust in healthcare in Americans’ general attitudes toward the functioning of democracy more generally. The book makes a case for the renewal of trust in the healthcare system as a central component of repairing the general decline of democracy in the United States at present and argues that health equity considerations merit a larger role in attempts to restore faith in the government.
Trust and Well-Being at the Center of Democracy
Authors: Gorman Sara E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter follows on the heels of the previous chapter’s exploration of the signs of a flagging democracy in the United States. It examines the relationship among several concurrent and troubling trends. These include the rise of the far right and the continuing erosion of the social safety net. The chapter argues that the dysfunction of the healthcare system and the poor access to healthcare and overarching health equity crisis are very much at the center of the disillusionment that has contributed considerably to the appeal of the far right to many American citizens. In this sense, “deaths of despair” and the rise of the far right are both intertwined with mistrust of the healthcare system and the continued failure of the social safety net to meet people’s basic needs for well-being.
Introduction
Authors: Gebrian Molly 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter tells my story as a musician and educator, and how applying the science of learning and memory to practicing and performing has become my area of expertise. It provides an overview of the topics this book will cover and who will benefit from reading this book. Throughout this introductory chapter, my personal experience is interwoven with common frustrations and questions about practice that often arise for musicians. It describes, in broad terms, the power of deliberate practice and what readers will hopefully gain from reading the book. Readers should have a good sense of what the book will and will not cover after reading this introductory chapter.
Can You Learn Music in Your Sleep?
Authors: Gebrian Molly 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sleep is necessary for learning. Following a full night of sleep, we experience a boost in ability relative to the day before, whereas sleep deprivation impairs learning and memory for both motor and cognitive skills. Naps are also effective in enhancing learning and ability, and can further enhance the effects of overnight sleep. This chapter presents numerous studies to demonstrate the power and importance of sleep, both due to daytime naps and overnight rest, and explains the mechanism behind these findings. The length and timing of naps is discussed to help musicians achieve maximum benefit from periods of rest following a practice session.
The Power of Mental Practice
Authors: Gebrian Molly 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mental practice changes the physical structure of the brain in the same way as physical practice. Because of this, it is a highly effective method of learning. This chapter discusses what mental practice is, as well as research demonstrating that the combination of mental and physical practice together is more beneficial than physical practice alone. Much of this research is specific to musicians and also demonstrates how incorporating mental practice can save significant wear and tear on the body. It also discusses an enhanced form of mental practice, known as action observation mental imagery (AOMI) that combines mental practice with observing someone else performing the action to be learned.
Boost Confidence in Memorized Performance
Authors: Gebrian Molly 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the second and third stages of long-term memory formation: consolidation and retrieval. Sleep is critical for consolidation, the process of moving information from short-term to long-term storage, and research specific to sleep and memorization is presented. Retrieval, accessing the information to be remembered, must be practiced until it is easy and automatic. Often practicing retrieval is neglected in the learning process, but it is necessary for fluid, confident memorized performance. Research on practicing retrieval and specific strategies for musicians are given, including a discussion of choking and how to prevent this from happening.
Ideology: The Evolution of Chinese Communism
Authors: Joseph William A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the evolution of Chinese communism and its impact on China’s political development from the introduction of Marxist ideas in China in the early twentieth century to the ideological revivalism under Xi Jinping. It includes a brief overview of the core ideas of both Marxism and Leninism and sections on the ideological contributions of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, and Xi Jinping.
A Bolshevik Laboratory for Revolution in the East
Authors: Kirasirova Masha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As party-state efforts in support of revolution in the “East” crystallized into a more permanent infrastructure, Soviet and Comintern officials created a “laboratory” for training Eastern revolutionaries from across Eurasia and occasionally from Africa and the Americas. Between 1921 and 1938, Troianovskii and others trained thousands of students at the Communist University for the Toilers of the East (KUTV), including dozens sent by the communist parties of Egypt, Palestine, Syria-Lebanon, and Iraq. In Moscow these students were swept up in the excitement of urban life, the relatively accommodating cultural climate of the 1920s, and their encounters with various Soviet and Comintern authorities. In this period when new borders were being created—in the Soviet Union and the Eastern Mediterranean—distinctions of nationality, class, party affiliation, gender, and political interests could still blur, producing occasionally subversive meanings and effects.
Scripting Central Asian Revolution for the Afro-Asian World
Authors: Kirasirova Masha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The realization that film could reach greater audiences in the non-Western world than literature could led Soviet cultural bureaucracies to invest in and promote Afro-Asian cinematic networks. Yet telling stories about how the Soviet Union was decolonized proved more difficult for domestic Easterners than presenting non-white faces of the Soviet Union or acting out certain Muslim cultural codes. Tajik filmmaker Kamil Yarmatov struggled to craft a narrative about the Bolshevik revolution in the Soviet East that would appeal to domestic and foreign audiences. At the 1968 Afro-Asian Film Festival, Yarmatov still managed to perform the role of a successful revolutionary Easterner for foreign audiences, but narratives about the domestic East as a model for the foreign East had lost their coherence. Soon Soviet and international filmmakers, as well as a new more disaffected generation of Soviet youth, moved on to more playful and subversive treatments of the Sovietization of Central Asia.
The Ubiquity of Discrepant Results in Research
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research describes the rationale for “best practices” when assessing mental health. The absence of a single “test” for estimating mental health domains like aggression, anxiety, personality, or parenting requires researchers to assess these domains in many ways. This practice commonly produces discrepant results in assessment outcomes, such that no two ways for assessing a domain produce results that are interchangeable with one another. To support this point, this chapter traces the history of empirical work focused on estimating the level of discrepant results in mental health assessments to its origins in the 1950s. Over time, this literature has grown to hundreds of studies. Authoritative meta-analytic reviews of this literature indicate that discrepant results appear in studies ranging from the prevalence of mental health concerns to the effects of interventions designed to address these concerns.
How the Operations Triad System Informs Assessing Clients
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 19 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research focuses on applying research and theory about discrepant results and measurement-based care to administering assessments to clients and interpreting the results produced by these assessments. The chapter reveals ways to understand the tendencies that mental health professionals might have for working with client-level assessment data and the value of developing procedures for putting these tendencies “to the test.” In essence, professionals must find ways to falsify notions about the patterns of converging and discrepant results they encounter in their assessments. The chapter deals with developing these kinds of assessments. The remainder of this chapter deals with paradigms designed to translate assessment results into discernible feedback about clients’ clinical presentations.
Formal Institutions
Authors: Aspers Patrik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyses attempts to use and to produce rules by means of decisions, in what is called formal institutions. Formal institutions, as informal institutions, provide predictability for actors and can thus reduce uncertainty. In its purest form, a formal institution is clear enough to provide certainty to actors who want to act. A law is a concrete example; it is clear what a given law is about, what to do, and what others can be expected to do. There are also foreseeable sanctions, and there may even be known, that is, calculable, risks attached to alternatives. Given these conditions actors can know how to act, but it also becomes predictable how others will act. The uncertainty is thereby reduced by the existence of these formal institutions. Standards are another example of formal institutions, to which actors can orient and reduce their uncertainty.
The Aristotelian Tradition in Early Modern Protestantism
Authors: Svensson Manfred 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Until recently, a profound break with Aristotle has often been counted as one of the chief intellectual consequences of the Protestant Reformation. Originally a topic belonging to Roman Catholic polemics, this reading of Protestant relations with Aristotle gradually became a part of the Protestant self-understanding as well. Lack of engagement with the actual curriculum of early Protestant schools allowed Luther’s dismissive comments on the Stagirite to be taken as representative of early Protestant teaching. But the days of this view as a dominant narrative are over. Between 1529 and 1670, Protestants published around fifty-five commentaries on the Ethics and around fifteen on the Politics, several of these in numerous editions. In academies and universities in Lutheran and Reformed territories throughout the Reformation and post-Reformation era, the exposition of these works continued to form the backbone of moral and political education. This tradition has, however, largely flown under the radar and is now for the first time presented in a comprehensive way in this book. Offering a discussion of its medieval background and Renaissance context, this book maps the various relationships between these commentaries and their authors, presenting their shared understanding of practical philosophy in its relation to the Christian faith and offering in-depth discussions of some key ethical and political concepts.
The Political Animal and the Good City
Authors: Svensson Manfred 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 5 turns to the reception of Aristotle’s political thought. A widespread view of Renaissance political thought, with Machiavelli at its center, has described this period as one of political emancipation from moral philosophy and religion. The tradition of commentary on Aristotle’s Politics offers a significant counterpoint to this narrative. The first section of this chapter addresses the relation between ethics and politics with this Machiavellian challenge in sight. The second section focuses on the distinction between domestic and political life, also addressing the Protestant relation to political Augustinianism. The key question here is in what sense the political community can be described as natural and human beings as political animals. The final section focuses on Aristotle’s teaching about the good life as the goal of the political community.
Action and Contemplation
Authors: Svensson Manfred 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This final chapter considers the problem of theory and practice. In Aristotle, we find both a unique account of the specificity of practical knowledge and an affirmation of the superiority of theoretical knowledge. This sharp distinction between theoretical and practical knowledge, and between the corresponding ways of life, is a unique Aristotelian contribution. It is not surprising to find it dampened by the Platonic and Christian commitments present throughout the history of Aristotle’s reception. For all of the modifications it suffered, however, this distinction remained in place among the authors covered in this book. Protestant Aristotelians noted the contrast between their Christian faith and the cosmology that partly shaped Aristotle’s distinction, but they found reasons for defending the primacy of the theoretical life nonetheless.
The Shift to Developmental Environmentalism
Authors: Purdon Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues for a shift toward developmental environmentalism in global environmental norms, providing a concise history of the climate and development finance prior to it. In many ways, developmental environmentalism has represented a return to traditional practices in development cooperation that prevailed before the 1990s. But another important contribution in this chapter is to relate developmental environmentalism to the 2008 global financial crisis, which marked a critical juncture in global political economy. The global financial crisis world would profoundly affect global climate politics, particularly the pivotal 2009 UN climate change conference in Copenhagen. Finally, the chapter demonstrates how characteristics of developmental environmentalism are reflected in new climate instruments, with supporting arguments by detailed analysis of the design of REDD+ and NAMAs.
Political Settlements in Tanzania, Uganda, and Moldova
Authors: Purdon Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The chapter discusses the political settlements of each of the case-study countries. Political settlements might be distinguished in terms of horizontal and vertical political power that gives rise to four typologies: strong and weak dominant party states, vulnerable authoritarianism, and competitive clientelism. Tanzania’s political settlement is best described as that of a weak dominant party. Uganda’s political settlement might be characterized as a strong dominant party given the concentration of political power. Finally, the chapter asserts that Moldova’s political settlement is characterized by competitive clientelism, largely between political factions favoring closer ties with Europe and those with Russia.