bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Analysis and Experimental Research on Vibration Characteristics of Series Reactors in Multiple Operating Status
Authors: Su Peiyu , Fang Cheng , Fan Delong , Feng Xiang , Wu Jing , Tang Ming , Xu Guofeng , Shi Yuchao , Dai Shiqiang , Shi Yuzhan , Ye Hanhan , Jin Lun , Han Wenfang , Han Guowen , Chen Feng , Chen Jinpeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article examines the vibration properties of reactors across various operational scenarios, including normal operation, interturn arc short circuit faults, and interturn metal fusion short circuit faults. It begins by analyzing the vibration mechanism of reactors, drawing upon principles of electromagnetic induction and Ampere’s law. Then, a multi condition mechanical-electromagnetic interaction model was established for the series reactor, and the axial electrodynamic force distribution of the reactor was analyzed. Finally, a vibration characteristics test platform for series reactors under multiple operating conditions was built, and the vibration velocity distribution of the reactors was analyzed. The research results indicate that under normal operating condition, the maximum vibration velocity of the reactor appears at its lower end; When the Interturn arc short circuit fault occurs, the vibration speed at different positions of the reactor increases, and the vibration velocity at the short-circuit point will significantly increase with the development of the short-circuit fault; When the interturn metal fusion short circuit fault occurs, the amplitude of the vibration signal at the short-circuit point is greater than that of the arc short-circuit vibration signal.
Research on Arcing Characteristics of Sulfur Hexafluoride Alternative Gases in Rotating Arc Ring Main Unit
Authors: Liu Bolun , Dong Enyuan , Song Yu , Zhang Lifan , Zhang Yifan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As international environmental constraints such as low carbon emissions and reduction requirements increase, there is an urgent need to seek environmentally friendly alternatives to SF6 gas. The SF6 ring main unit is widely used in the power distribution network system, highlighting the urgent need for research on environmentally friendly gas-insulated ring main units. This study simulates and compares the arc characteristics of 12 kV rotating arc ring main unit with different environmentally friendly gases, such as N2, 20%SF6/80%N2, 40%SF6/60%N2, 10%C4F7N/90%CO2. It is concluded that the arc burns most violently in N2, and the SF6 arc voltage is the highest. The specific heat at constant pressure and thermal conductivity of the gas affect the intensity of arc combustion and thus affect the arc voltage. In this paper, the causes of different gas arc characteristics are explained by analyzing the physical parameters of gas. Specifically, the isobaric specific heat and thermal conductivity of gases affect the severity of arc combustion, thereby impacting arc voltage. Moreover, viscosity plays a role in determining the rotation speed of the arc. The conclusion of this paper provides theoretical guidance on optimizing the gas component ratio of environmentally friendly gases in ring main units.
Design and Research of an Elevator Electric Brake Release Device with a Safety Detection Function
Authors: Guo Bei , Jin Laiwu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In response to the issues and defects associated with the current method of using electrical devices to open brakes for emergency rescue, a new elevator electric brake release device applicable to any elevator employing an electromechanical braking system has been designed. This device mainly consists of a car data collection unit and a brake release control unit, utilizing the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the control core for elevator emergency rescue operations. The car data collection unit is responsible for gathering and transmitting data on the car’s operational state and position, while the brake release control unit evaluates the conditions for emergency rescue operations and performs real-time analysis, storage, and display of the collected data. It also decides whether to output a brake release signal. Experimental results show that when conditions for rescue operations are met, the electric brake release device can ensure the safe operation of the elevator; when abnormalities are detected, it outputs a signal to stop operations, alongside fault alarms and status displays.
A Green Approach of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Dodonaea viscosa and Anti-Inflammatory Properties
Authors: Nirmala C. , Mooventhiran R. , Sivarenjith R. , Surya A. , Rejin Kumar P. , Subriya S. , Sridevi M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The current study focused on the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO) from the Dodonaea viscosa roots and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory properties. The presence of phytochemicals in the root extract of D. viscosa root extract was analyzed with different solvents including methanol, chloroform, aqueous and petroleum ether. The methanolic extract had higher activity among the four solvents. UV-Visible and FT-IR spectrophotometry was used to validate the synthesized ZnO. The FT-IR bands revealed the existence of several functional groups, and the UV-Vis spectrum showed theabsorption peak of 371 nm for ZnO nanoparticles. The green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles showed an anti-inflammatory activity that was confirmed by albumin denaturation and membrane stabilization. Maximum inhibition of 70% was observed from ZnO nanoparticle when compared with aspirin. IC50 value of plant extract was 36.34 µg/ml and for aspirin was found to be 36.26 µg/ml. The in vitro RBCs membrane stabilization study emphasized the anti-inflammatory activity of ZnOnanoparticles. The IC50 valve of aspirin was determined to be 21.19, whereas the plant extract was 23.49. At varying doses, the methanolic extract of D. viscosa showed efficacy in preventing heat-induced hemolysis. The three-dimensional data of the protein structure is used to predict the structural levels of proteins. Proteins of D. viscosa were analyzed using Expasy (structural prediction), Protparam server (functional characterization), and (3-D structure) SWISS MODEL, and homology modeling was used to compare them with known plant biomaterials. Bioinformation on useful proteins was also analyzed and reported. Thus, the synthesized nanoparticles possess strong anti-inflammatory activity that could be utilized in numerous pharmacological formulations.
Effective removal of Arsenic (V) using the Chromogenic Schiff base ligand.
Authors: Ganesamoorthy R , Jeyakanthan M , Gomathi R , Parameswari R , Subbramaniyan P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We report the Schiff base ligand for the decontamination of Arsenic (As-V). The chromogenic ligand namely L-1 was prepared in the easiest condensation method using 2-amino-6-nitro-benzothiazole and 10-hydroxyanthracene-9-carbaldehyde in a mild acidic DMF medium. We characterized the ligand with L-1 using the FT-IR, and 1H-NMR. A thermal study was carried out to verify the thermal stability of the Ligand L-1. The ligand showed a reasonable As-V adsorption quantity of 10 mg/g. In addition, we carried out optimization for the maximum As-V removal by adjusting the following factors concentration, dosage, pH, and temperature. The reusability confirmed our material to be reused two times for the As-V removal purpose.
Interdecadal change in the relationship between the South China late rainy season rainfall and equatorial Pacific SSTs
Authors: Tang Shaolei , Zhang Zhiyuan , Luo Jing-Jia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The South China (SC) late rainy season rainfall (SCLR) is important to people’s livelihoods and properties of this densely populated and economically developed region. Based on observation and reanalysis datasets, this study identifies that the relationship between the SCLR and equatorial Pacific SSTs (EPSSTs) experiences an interdecadal change around the late 1970s. The SCLR is negatively correlated with the eastern EPSSTs during 1948–1977 (the previous epoch) but positively correlated with the central EPSSTs during 1978–2022, especially during the last three decades 1993–2022 (the post epoch). This is due to the interdecadal change in El Niño flavors and EPSSTs-tropical Atlantic SSTs (TASSTs) relationship. With the increasing frequency of central Pacific El Niños in the post epoch, the El Niño-related warm SST anomaly center shifts from the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) to the central equatorial Pacific (CEP). Correspondingly, the anomalous cyclone exerted by the CEP warming reaches SC and causes rainfall surplus there (westward propagation pathway). In contrast, the EEP warming in the previous epoch cannot influence the SCLR through the westward propagation pathway, but through shifting the westerly jet southward via heating the tropical troposphere. The southward shifted westerly jet crashes the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, triggering cyclonic circulations across the northern East Asia and North Pacific, which in turn cause anticyclonic circulations over the western SC and reduce SC rainfall (eastward propagation pathway). On the other hand, the CEP warming in the post epoch barely influence the SCLR through the eastward propagation pathway because of the enhanced negative relationship between EPSSTs and TASSTs.
Environmental impacts of lithium supply chains from Australia to China
Authors: Feng Yan , Wang Peng , Li Wen , Zhang Qian , Chen Wei-Qiang , Feng Danyi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Lithium (Li) has been widely recognized as an essential metal for clean technologies. However, the environmental impacts and emission reduction pathways of the lithium supply chain have not been clearly investigated, especially between Australia and China, where most lithium ore are mined and produced. This study analyzed and compared the environmental and human health implications of six key cross-border Li supply chains from Australia to China through material flow analysis (MFA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) methods. Key findings include: (1) approximately 30% of total Li extraction is lost in the beneficiation stage due to low recovery rates; (2) the Cattlin–Yaan routes exhibit superior environmental and human health performances than other routes attributed to lower diesel consumption, reduced electricity use, and a high chemical conversion rate; (3) the Wodgina production routes have a higher carbon footprint mainly due to low ore grade and significant diesel consumption; (4) the dominant environmental implications in the supply chain are associated with refining battery-grade lithium carbonate, driven by energy use (electricity, coal and natural gas), sulfuric acid, soda ash, and sodium hydroxide. In addition, lithium carbonate refining has the highest water consumption. Overall, the analysis highlights opportunities to improve environmental performance, advance data-poor environmental assessments, and provide insights into sustainable Li extraction.
Realization of spinful metaphotonic stokes skyrmions
Authors: Li Tianyue , Liu Mengjiao , Chen Chen , Li Xingyi , Hou Jiahao , Yang Xing , Wang Shuming , Zhu Shining 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Topologically protected skyrmion textures of light have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in next-generation high-density data storage and logic devices. However, achieving compact and tunable on-chip skyrmion modes remains a formidable challenge. In this work, we present a novel approach empowered by birefringent metasurfaces to generate and manipulate spin-multiplexed photonic skyrmion textures. By encoding independent phase profiles onto orthogonal spin states, we observe the emergence of anti-skyrmions and skyrmioniums via Stokes parameter measurements, elucidating their distinct topological characteristics. This spin-multiplexed metasurface platform not only facilitates high-dimensional multiplexing but also enables the miniaturization of topological quasi-particles, offering promising prospects for applications in optical memory, information processing, and communications.
NCNet: Deformable medical image registration network based on neighborhood cross-attention combined with multi-resolution constraints
Authors: Cui Xinxin , Xu Hao , Liu Jing , Tian Zhenyu , Yang Jianlan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective. Existing registration networks based on cross-attention design usually divide the image pairs to be registered into patches for input. The division and merging operations of a series of patches are difficult to maintain the topology of the deformation field and reduce the interpretability of the network. Therefore, our goal is to develop a new network architecture based on a cross-attention mechanism combined with a multi-resolution strategy to improve the accuracy and interpretability of medical image registration. Approach. We propose a new deformable image registration network NCNet based on neighborhood cross-attention combined with multi-resolution strategy. The network structure mainly consists of a multi-resolution feature encoder, a multi-head neighborhood cross-attention module and a registration decoder. The hierarchical feature extraction capability of our encoder is improved by introducing large kernel parallel convolution blocks; the cross-attention module based on neighborhood calculation is used to reduce the impact on the topology of the deformation field and double normalization is used to reduce its computational complexity. Main result. We performed atlas-based registration and inter-subject registration tasks on the public 3D brain magnetic resonance imaging datasets LPBA40 and IXI respectively. Compared with the popular VoxelMorph method, our method improves the average DSC value by 7.9% and 3.6% on LPBA40 and IXI. Compared with the popular TransMorph method, our method improves the average DSC value by 4.9% and 1.3% on LPBA40 and IXI. Significance. We proved the advantages of the neighborhood attention calculation method compared to the window attention calculation method based on partitioning patches, and analyzed the impact of the pyramid feature encoder and double normalization on network performance. This has made a valuable contribution to promoting the further development of medical image registration methods.
Individually tunable tunnelling coefficients in optical lattices using local periodic driving
Authors: Nixon Georgia M , Ünal F Nur , Schneider Ulrich 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices have emerged as powerful quantum simulators of translationally invariant systems with many applications in e.g. strongly-correlated and topological systems. However, the ability to locally tune all Hamiltonian parameters remains an outstanding goal that would enable the simulation of a wider range of quantum phenomena. Motivated by recent advances in quantum gas microscopes and optical tweezers, we here show theoretically how local control over individual tunnelling links in an optical lattice can be achieved by incorporating local time-periodic potentials. We propose to periodically modulate the on-site energy of individual lattice sites and employ Floquet theory to demonstrate how this provides full individual control over the tunnelling amplitudes in one dimension. We provide various example configurations realising interesting topological models such as extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger models that would be challenging to realise by other means. Extending to two dimensions, we demonstrate that local periodic driving in a Lieb lattice engineers a two-dimensional (2D) network with fully controllable tunnelling magnitudes. In a three-site plaquette, we show full simultaneous control over the relative tunnelling amplitudes and the gauge-invariant flux piercing the plaquette, providing a clear stepping stone to building a fully programmable 2D tight-binding model. We also explicitly demonstrate how utilise our technique to generate a magnetic field gradient in 2D. This local modulation scheme is applicable to many different lattice geometries.
From Engagement to Strategic Competition
Authors: McCourt David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter sketches the shift from Engagement to Strategic Competition in U.S. China policy under Trump and Biden alongside developments in U.S. Russia policy. Using the disaggregation of Engagement with China as frame, policy, and community, the chapter describes how a Trump administration staffed with anti-Engagement members of the national security community set about reframing China in the public imagination. Statements like the 2017 National Security Strategy painted a picture of Engagement as a failed, utopian strategy, through which America’s leaders—and their Engager advisors—had sought to change China. The effect was to halt Engagement as policy, letting China critics across the government develop policies likely to anger Beijing. No such re-imaging occurred in relation to Russia policy, which remained controlled by experts from the Russia-we-want group among Russia experts. What explains the emergence and consolidation of the pro- and anti-Engagers on China, and the Russia-we-have and Russia-we-want groups?
Identification and characterization of the suppressed lipid accumulation-related gene, SLA1, in the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi
Authors: Sato Rikako , Yamazaki Harutake , Mori Kazuki , Aburatani Sachiyo , Ishiya Koji , Shida Yosuke , Ogasawara Wataru , Tashiro Kosuke , Kuhara Satoru , Takaku Hiroaki 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi is an attractive industrial yeast that can accumulate high amounts of intracellular lipids. Identification of genes involved in lipid accumulation contributes not only to elucidating the lipid accumulation mechanism but also to breeding industrially useful high lipid-producing strains. In this study, the suppressed lipid accumulation-related gene (SLA1) was identified as the causative gene of the sr22 mutant with decreased lipid productivity. Suppressed lipid accumulation-related gene mutation reduced gene expression in lipid biosynthesis and increased gene expression in β-oxidation. Our results suggest that SLA1 mutation may leads to decreased lipid productivity. Suppressed lipid accumulation-related gene deletion also exhibited decreased gene expression in β-oxidation and increased lipid accumulation, suggesting that SLA1 deletion is a useful tool to improve lipid accumulation in L. starkeyi for industrialization.
CircCHSY1 protects hearts against ischaemia/reperfusion injury by enhancing heme oxygenase 1 expression via miR-24-3p
Authors: Tan Jiliang , Min Jie , Jiang Yun , Liu Shenyan , Ke Minxia , Wang Zhinong , Yang Huang-Tian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important players involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. However, their functions and mechanisms during myocardial ischaemic injury and protection remain largely unknown. We recently found significant alterations of many circRNAs including circCHSY1 following myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, whereas their exact functions are unclear. Here, we investigated the roles of circCHSY1 in the acute myocardial I/R injury and the potential mechanisms involved.

Methods and results
The expression of circCHSY1 was detected in cardiomyocytes from mouse, rat, and human embryonic stem cells (hESC-CMs). It was further up-regulated in mouse I/R (30 min/24 h) hearts, oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R, 6 h/2 h) primary neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and OGD/R (48 h/2 h) hESC-CMs. Adenovirus-mediated circCHSY1 overexpression significantly decreased infarct size and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in mouse I/R hearts. Consistently, circCHSY1 overexpression reduced the LDH release in the OGD/R NRCMs and hESC-CMs, improved cell viability, and preserved mitochondrial function in the OGD/R NRCMs, whereas there were no significant differences in cell viability and LDH release between the OGD/R NRCMs with and without small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated circCHSY1 knockdown. Mechanistically, circCHSY1 was detected to bind with miR-24-3p analysed by dual-luciferase assay and RNA pull-down assays. CircCHSY1 overexpression-mediated protective effects on cells and mitochondria in OGD/R NRCMs were reversed by the miR-24-3p mimic. Furthermore, dual-luciferase assay showed that miR-24-3p was directly bound to heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) via its 3′UTR. The protein level of HO1 was down-regulated by miR-24-3p mimic in OGD/R NRCMs but enhanced by the circCHSY1 overexpression in vitro and in vivo. Functionally, the HO1 knockdown by adenovirus in vivo and by siRNA in vitro eliminated cardioprotective effects of circCHSY1 overexpression.

Conclusion
CircCHSY1 is up-regulated following myocardial I/R injury. The higher level of circCHSY1 protects I/R hearts and cardiomyocytes. The protection of circCHSY1 is mediated through enhancement of the HO1 level, resulting in preserving mitochondrial homoeostasis via targeting miR-24-3p in cardiomyocytes. These findings suggest circCHSY1 as a protective factor.
Imaging the cerebral vasculature at different scales: translational tools to investigate the neurovascular interfaces
Authors: Carnevale Lorenzo , Lembo Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The improvements in imaging technology opened up the possibility to investigate the structure and function of cerebral vasculature and the neurovascular unit with unprecedented precision and gaining deep insights not only on the morphology of the vessels but also regarding their function and regulation related to the cerebral activity. In this review, we will dissect the different imaging capabilities regarding the cerebrovascular tree, the neurovascular unit, the haemodynamic response function, and thus, the vascular–neuronal coupling. We will discuss both clinical and preclinical setting, with a final discussion on the current scenery in cerebrovascular imaging where magnetic resonance imaging and multimodal microscopy emerge as the most potent and versatile tools, respectively, in the clinical and preclinical context.
All-Cause Mortality and Cause-Specific Death in U.S. Long-Lived Siblings: Data From the Long Life Family Study
Authors: Yao Shanshan , Boudreau Robert M , Galvin Angéline , Murabito Joanne M , Honig Lawrence S , Perls Thomas T , Christensen Kaare , Newman Anne B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
This study compared the mortality risk of long-lived siblings with the U.S. population average and their spouse controls, and investigated the leading causes of death and the familial effect in death pattern.

Methods
In the Long Life Family Study (LLFS), 1 264 proband siblings (mean age 90.1, standard deviation [SD] 6.4) and 172 spouses (83.8, 7.2) from 511 U.S.-based families were recruited and followed more than 12 years. Their survival function was compared with a birth cohort-, baseline age-, sex-, and race-matched pseudo sample from U.S. census data. To examine underlying and contributing causes, we examined in detail 338 deaths with complete death adjudication at the University of Pittsburgh Field Center through the year 2018. A familial effect on survival and death patterns was examined using mixed-effect models.

Results
The LLFS siblings had better survival than the matched U.S. population average. They also had slightly but not significantly better survival than their spouses’ (HR = 1.18 [95%CI 0.94–1.49]) after adjusting for age and sex. Age at death ranged from 75 to 104 years, mean 91.4. The leading causes of death were cardiovascular disease (33.1%), dementia (22.2%), and cancer (10.7%). Mixed effect model shows a significant random effect of family in survival, with adjustment of baseline age and sex. There was no significant familial effect in the underlying cause of death or conditions directly contributing to death among siblings recruited by the University of Pittsburgh Field Center.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate a higher survival in the LLFS siblings than the U.S. census data, with a familial component of survival. We did not find significant correspondence in causes of death between siblings within families.