bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of novel sRNAs involved in biofilm formation, motility and fimbriae formation in Escherichia coli
Authors: Bak Geunu , Lee Jungmin , Suk Shinae , Kim Daun , Young Lee Ji , Kim Kwang-sun , Choi Byong-Seok , Lee Younghoon 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) are known regulators in many physiological processes. In Escherichia coli, a large number of sRNAs have been predicted, among which only about a hundred are experimentally validated. Despite considerable research, the majority of their functions remain uncovered. Therefore, collective analysis of the roles of sRNAs in specific cellular processes may provide an effective approach to identify their functions. Here, we constructed a collection of plasmids overexpressing 99 individual sRNAs and analyzed their effects on biofilm formation and related phenotypes. Thirty-three sRNAs significantly affecting these cellular processes were identified. No consistent correlations were observed, except that all five sRNAs suppressing type I fimbriae inhibited biofilm formation. Interestingly, IS118, yet to be characterized, suppressed all the processes. Our data not only reveal potentially critical functions of individual sRNAs in biofilm formation and other phenotypes but also highlight the unexpected complexity of sRNA-mediated metabolic pathways leading to these processes.
Observation of quantum recoherence of photons by spatial propagation
Authors: Bouchard Frédéric , Harris Jérémie , Mand Harjaspreet , Bent Nicolas , Santamato Enrico , Boyd Robert W. , Karimi Ebrahim 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEntanglement is at the heart of many unusual and counterintuitive features of quantum mechanics. Once two quantum subsystems have become entangled, it is no longer possible to ascribe an independent state to either; instead, the subsystems are completely described only as part of a greater, composite system. As a consequence of this, each entangled subsystem experiences a loss of coherence following entanglement. We refer to this decrease in coherence as decoherence. Decoherence leads inevitably to the leaking of information from each subsystem to the composite entangled system. Here, we demonstrate a process of decoherence reversal, whereby we recover information lost from the entanglement of the optical orbital angular momentum and radial profile degrees of freedom possessed by a photon pair. These results carry great potential significance, since quantum memories and quantum communication schemes depend on an experimenter’s ability to retain the coherent properties of a particular quantum system.
Intercellular communication in
Arabidopsis thaliana
pollen discovered via
AHG3
transcript movement from the vegetative cell to sperm
Authors: Jiang Hua , Yi Jun , Boavida Leonor C. , Chen Yuan , Becker Jörg D. , Köhler Claudia , McCormick Sheila 
Published: October 2015

Significance
In pollen grains, the known function of the vegetative cell is to extend a pollen tube to transport the two sperm cells to the embryo sac for fertilization. Because the vegetative cell is much larger and more metabolically active than sperm, it has been assumed that the vegetative cell also might supply various components to sperm, but there was no direct evidence to support this hypothesis. We used deletion and promoter exchange constructs to provide direct evidence that the vegetative cell provides protein-encoding transcripts to sperm cells, highlighting a previously unidentified role of the vegetative cell.
Pediatric Lyme Arthritis of the Hip: The Great Imitator?
Authors: Cruz Aristides I. , Aversano Francis J. , Seeley Mark A. , Sankar Wudbhav N. , Baldwin Keith D. 
Published: October 2015

Background:
Lyme arthritis (LA) of the hip can present similarly to septic arthritis (SA) and transient synovitis (TS). The primary purpose of this study was to determine clinical and laboratory parameters differentiating LA of the hip from SA or TS among children who had undergone hip aspiration during the evaluation of hip pain.

Methods:
This was a retrospective review of all patients who underwent hip aspiration for the evaluation of hip pain at a tertiary care children’s hospital in a Lyme endemic area. Clinical and laboratory data were reviewed and comparative analyses were performed between those diagnosed with LA, SA, and TS. Independent samples t test, ANOVA, and χ2 test were used to compare clinical and laboratory variables as appropriate. Multivariable logistic regression was used to elucidate independent predictors of LA. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.

Results:
Ninety-three hip aspirations (93 patients) were included in the final analysis. Seventeen patients were diagnosed with LA, 40 with SA, and 36 with TS. Multivariable logistic regression revealed febrile history (OR=16.3; 95% CI, 2.35-113.0) and increased peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count (OR=1.26; 95% CI, 1.01-1.58) to be significantly associated with increased odds of being diagnosed with SA versus LA. Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was significantly associated with increased odds of being diagnosed with LA versus TS (OR=1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.10), whereas febrile history (OR=0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.49) and increased peripheral WBC count (OR=0.8; 95% CI, 0.65-0.98) were associated with decreased odds of LA.

Conclusions:
Children presenting in a Lyme endemic area with an isolated hip effusion are more likely to have LA versus SA if they have no history of fever and a decreased peripheral WBC count. Compared with TS, patients with LA are more likely to have an elevated ESR. This study adds to existing knowledge because there are few investigations examining isolated LA of the hip.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective case-control study.
Estimating the respective contributions of human and viral genetic variation to HIV control
Authors: Bartha István , McLaren Paul J , Brumme Chanson , Harrigan Richard , Telenti Amalio , Fellay Jacques 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe evaluated the fraction of variation in HIV-1 set point viral load attributable to viral or human genetic factors by using joint host/pathogen genetic data from 541 HIV infected individuals. We show that viral genetic diversity explains 29% of the variation in viral load while host factors explain 8.4%. Using a joint model including both host and viral effects, we estimate a total of 30% heritability, indicating that most of the host effects are reflected in viral sequence variation.
Robust Classification of Protein Variation Using Structural Modeling and Large-Scale Data Integration
Authors: Baugh Evan H. , Simmons-Edler Riley , Müller Christian L. , Alford Rebecca F. , Volfovsky Natalia , Lash Alex E. , Bonneau Richard 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTExisting methods for interpreting protein variation focus on annotating mutation pathogenicity rather than detailed interpretation of variant deleteriousness and frequently use only sequence-based or structure-based information. We present VIPUR, a computational framework that seamlessly integrates sequence analysis and structural modeling (using the Rosetta protein modeling suite) to identify and interpret deleterious protein variants. To train VIPUR, we collected 9,477 protein variants with known effects on protein function from multiple organisms and curated structural models for each variant from crystal structures and homology models. VIPUR can be applied to mutations in any organism’s proteome with improved generalized accuracy (AUROC .83) and interpretability (AUPR .87) compared to other methods. We demonstrate that VIPUR‘s predictions of deleteriousness match the biological phenotypes in ClinVar and provide a clear ranking of prediction confidence. We use VIPUR to interpret known mutations associated with inflammation and diabetes, demonstrating the structural diversity of disrupted functional sites and improved interpretation of mutations associated with human diseases. Lastly we demonstrate VIPUR‘s ability to highlight candidate genes associated with human diseases by applying VIPUR to de novo variants associated with autism spectrum disorders.
The development of a service supply chain model for a manufacturing SME
Authors: Hemilä Jukka , Vilko Jyri 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– Services are increasingly growing in importance in the global economy. However, in the context of manufacturing industry supply chains, services are still little discussed. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of service business development for manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises by further developing previous conceptual frameworks for service supply chain management, based on the current scientific literature and empirical cases.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study is based mainly on qualitative interviews and expert group sessions set up to analyze the acquired data and test the developed model. The developed model is based on a multidisciplinary literature review, to provide a holistic perspective on the affecting factors in new business development in the service supply chain context.

Findings
– The implications of the study are beneficial from both the scientific and practical perspectives, which help to understand better the process and related factors in multi-actor service business development. The study contributes to the current scientific discussion of new business development in the supply chain context, proposing a new scientific framework based on the previous literature. The practical findings of the study give insights from manufacturing firms’ new service developments, and from the roles and resources required in the process.

Originality/value
– The paper provides new knowledge with regard to new service business development in the supply chain context, by illustrating the most essential factors and the new process framework based on those. The presented framework gives a holistic picture of the process, but also enables better consideration of the most essential points by using a more precisely structured model.
ASEAN’s initiatives for regional economic integration and the implications for maritime logistics reforms
Authors: Cheong Inkyo , Suthiwartnarueput Kamonchanok 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic impact of reducing logistics cost on the demand for port throughput in the context of Association of Southeast Asian Nations’ (ASEAN) regional economic integration and to realize the potential economic gains of the maritime logistics reform in the region.Design/methodology/approach– The main part of this paper is to formulate conversion coefficients for containerized cargo to estimate the impacts of logistics reform on the demand for port throughput. These conversion coefficients, then have been used into a dynamic computational general equilibrium model using Global Trade Analysis Project database to explore the impact of logistics cost.Findings– The study demonstrates that logistics efficiency is a challenge for ASEAN economic integration, providing significant implications for maritime logistics reforms.Research limitations/implications– This study assumes uniform improvements of 5 and 10 percent in the logistics sector for all countries due to lack of detailed data on the logistics sectors in ASEAN countries.Practical implications– The findings of this study could help ASEAN policymakers for deeper understanding of efficient maritime logistics in realizing the economic gains from its regional economic integration initiatives.Originality/value– Although there are many descriptive studies on the importance of logistics efficiency in improving international competitiveness in a country or a region, these are not supported by quantitative assessment in the case of ASEAN. This study addresses the dearth of empirical evidence based on real data on trade and maritime cargo flows. This study contributes to highlighting that ASEAN countries should reform their logistics policies and practices.
The impact of knowledge management processes on supply chain performance
Authors: Sangari Mohamad Sadegh , Hosnavi Reza , Zahedi Mohammad Reza 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between knowledge management (KM) processes and supply chain performance, with information technology/information system (IT/IS) support, supply chain integration, and supply chain strategy as moderators.Design/methodology/approach– Drawing on the knowledge-based view, a theoretical framework is developed consisting of six KM processes: knowledge creation, knowledge capture, knowledge organization, knowledge storage, knowledge dissemination, and knowledge application, and the performance of supply chain is evaluated in terms of four Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) process elements: Plan, Source, Make, and Delivery. Structural equation modeling is employed using a sample of 78 Iranian manufacturers in mechanical and engineering industry.Findings– Empirical results show that KM processes have a significant impact on supply chain performance which is positively moderated by IT/IS support and supply chain integration. While the moderating effect of IT/IS support is found to be considerably stronger, the relationship between KM processes and supply chain performance is not significantly different in lean and agile supply chains.Research limitations/implications– Since the sample for this study is small and drawn only from manufacturing companies in mechanical and engineering industry, it would be important to conduct further empirical studies with larger samples from a wider range of industries to improve and strengthen our analyses and provide more conclusive and generalizable results.Originality/value– Through empirical study, a better understanding of the impact of KM processes on supply chain performance and the moderating role of IT/IS support and supply chain integration can be gained.
Gender inequality in multidimensional welfare deprivation in West Africa
Authors: Agbodji Akoété Ega , Batana Yélé Maweki , Ouedraogo Dénis 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The importance of gender equality is reflected not only in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), but also in the World Bank’s Gender Action Plan launched in 2007 as well as in other treaties and actions undertaken at regional and international levels. Unlike other gender poverty works, which are mostly based on monetary measurement, the purpose of this paper is to adopt a non-monetary approach.Design/methodology/approach– The present study makes use of a counting approach to examine gender issues in Burkina Faso and Togo using household surveys, namely Enquête Intégrale surles Conditions de Vie des Ménages (2009/2010) and Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire (2011), respectively. It focusses on six dimensions (housing, basic utilities, assets, education, employment and access to credit) largely recognized as MDG targets.Findings– Main findings indicate that overall individuals are the most deprived in education in Burkina Faso, while the reverse situation is true in Togo. Gender inequality is observed in all dimensions since women always seem to be more deprived than men. The situation is also marked by regional disparities. Moreover, the assessment of dimensional contributions shows different patterns for each country. While employment proves to be the main contributor of gender inequality in Burkina Faso, three dimensions (assets, access to credit and employment) account together for most of the total contribution to gender inequality in Togo.Originality/value– The main contribution of the paper is to use a multidimensional method (counting approach) to assess gender deprivation, with countries comparison. It also proposes an interesting combination of the decomposition by dimension with the subgroup’s decomposition in order to determine the largest contributor to gender inequality.
Organizational cynicism and its impact on privatization (evidence from federal government agency of Pakistan)
Authors: Aslam Usman , Arfeen Muhammad , Mohti Wahbeeah , Rahman Ubaid ur 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The aim of this study is to explore the impact of cynicism on the relationship among personality traits, organizational contextual factors and job outcomes. This study set up and examined the overarching model on resistance to change. Moreover, there were two models theoretically presented and investigated, i.e. direct and indirect models. This study was an attempt to explore and capture the causes of organizational cynicism against the change initiative.Design/methodology/approach– A case study research design was used in this study, and data were collected from 335 employees by using purposive sampling technique and structured questionnaire. While linear regression and Baron and Kenny’s (1986) tests were used to evaluate the direct and indirect models.Findings– Results highlighted the considerable positive relationship between dispositional resistance and employee’s turnover intention. Additionally, significant connection was also examined among organizational contextual factors and job outcomes, whereas interactive impact of behavioral resistance was found in the relation among dispositional resistance, organizational contextual factors and employee’s intent to quit. However, another dimension of organizational cynicism, i.e. cognitive resistance, could not influence the direct linear relationship between organizational context and continuance commitment.Research limitations/implications– Major limitations of this research were non-probability sampling technique, cross-sectional design, single organization and traditional data collection tool.Practical implications– Management can eradicate cynicism by providing social support and positive information, i.e. job security, wage award, medical benefits and promotion criteria, after implementing change. The management can clarify the objectives of that change by including employees in decision-making, reducing employee’s turnover intention. Organizational cynicism is a faith, which means that the change leaders have lack of integrity; when organizational cynicism mixes with negative cognitive process, it leads to a more destructive behavior against that change.Originality/value– This study contributed to the extensive knowledge of organizational cynicism. A conceptual model of resistance to change the model was unique in nature. There were rare studies conducted to check the impact of organizational cynicism on privatization, especially in the sub-continent. Therefore, it will add a good contribution in quality literature to understand the cynicism and its consequences for privatization.
Comparison Between 30:1 and 30:2 Compression‐to‐ventilation Ratios for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Are Two Ventilations Necessary?
Authors: Cha Kyoung‐Chul , Kim Yong Won , Kim Tae Hoon , Jung Woo Jin , Yook Hyun , Choi Eunhee , Cha Yong Sung , Kim Oh Hyun , Kim Hyun , Lee Kang Hyun , Hwang Sung Oh 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectivesControversy is continuing over the need for ventilation and the optimal compression–ventilation (CV) ratio during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of this study was to comparatively elucidate the effect on hemodynamics and arterial oxygen saturation of a single ventilation relative to two consecutive ventilations during CPR in a dog model of cardiac arrest.MethodsTwenty mongrel dogs were divided into two groups. After 3 minutes of ventricular fibrillation (VF), the single‐ventilation group received CPR with a 30:1 CV ratio, and the two‐ventilation group received CPR with a 30:2 CV ratio, all with room air for 7 minutes. Thereafter, continuous chest compressions and intermittent ventilation at rate of 10 per minute were followed for both groups for 10 minutes. Hemodynamic parameters, arterial blood gas profiles, and variables from CPR were compared at baseline and at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after induction of VF.ResultsHemodynamic parameters including aortic systolic and diastolic pressures, right atrial systolic and diastolic pressures, coronary perfusion pressure, end‐tidal carbon dioxide tension, and arterial blood gas profiles including arterial oxygen tension, arterial oxygen saturation, and arterial carbon dioxide tension were not different between two groups during CPR. In the 30:1 group, the period of compression interruption was shorter and chest compression fraction was higher than that in the 30:2 group (6 sec/min vs. 10.9 sec/min, p < 0.001; 90.0% vs. 81.8%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsCPR with a 30:1 CV ratio, compared to CPR with a 30:2 CV ratio, results in comparable arterial oxygenation saturation and hemodynamics.
Risk of Bacterial Meningitis in Children 6 to 11 Months of Age With a First Simple Febrile Seizure: A Retrospective, Cross‐sectional, Observational Study
Authors: Guedj Romain , Chappuy Hélène , Titomanlio Luigi , Trieu Thanh‐Van , Biscardi Sandra , Nissack‐Obiketeki Gisèle , Pellegrino Béatrice , Charara Oussama , Angoulvant François , Villemeur Thierry Billette De , Levy Corinne , Cohen Robert , Armengaud Jean Baptiste , Carbajal Ricardo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectivesNational and international guidelines are very heterogeneous about the necessity to perform a lumbar puncture (LP) in children under 12 months of age with a first simple febrile seizure. We estimated the risk of bacterial meningitis in children aged 6 to 11 months with a first simple febrile seizure.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective study was conducted in seven pediatric emergency departments (EDs) in the region of Paris, France. Visits of patients aged 6 to 11 months for a first simple febrile seizure from January 2007 to December 2011 were analyzed. Bacterial meningitis was sequentially sought for by 1) analyzing bacteriologic data at the time of the visit, 2) looking for data from a second visit to the hospital after the index visit, and 3) phone calling the child's parents to determine the symptom evolution after the index visit. Infants lost to this follow‐up were searched for in a national bacterial meningitis database.ResultsFrom a total of 1,183,487 visits in the seven pediatric EDs, 116,503 were for children 6 to 11 months of age. From these, 205 visits were for a first simple febrile seizure. An LP was performed in 61 patients (29.8%). The outcome bacterial meningitis was ascertainable for 168 (82%) visits. No bacterial meningitis was found among these patients (95% confidence interval = 0% to 2.2%). None of the 37 infants lost to our follow‐up were registered in the national database as having bacterial meningitis.ConclusionsAmong children between 6 and 11 months of age with a first simple febrile seizure, the risk of bacterial meningitis is extremely low. These results should encourage national and international societies to either develop or endorse guidelines limiting routine LP in these infants and contribute to widely homogenized management practices.