bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males
Authors: Santti Risto , Mäkelä Sari , Strauss Leena , Korkman Johanna , Kostian Marja-Lsa 
Published: September 2013

Exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) induces persistent structural and functional alterations in the developing reproductive tract of males. It is possible that xenoestrogens other than DES alter sexual differentiation in males and account for the increasing incidence of developmental disorders of the reproductive tract in men and wild animals. Phytoestrogens (coumestans, isoflavonoids, flavonoids, and lignans) present in numerous edible plants are quantitatively the most important environmental estrogens when their hormonal potency is assessed in vitro. They exert their estrogenic activity by interacting with estrogen receptors (ERs) in vitro. They may also act as antiestrogens by competing for the binding sites of estrogen receptors or the active site of the estrogen biosynthesizing and metabolizing enzymes, such as aromatase and estrogen-specific 17β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (type 1). In theory, phytoestrogens and structurally related compounds could harm the reproductive health of males also by acting as antiestrogens. There are very little data on effects of phytoestrogens in males. Estrogenic effects in wildlife have been described but the evidence for the role of phytoestrogens is indirect and seen under conditions of excessive exposure. In doses comparable to the daily intake from soy- based feed, isoflavonoids such as genistein were estrogen agonists in the prostate of adult laboratory rodents. When given neonatally, no persistent effects were observed. In contrast, the central nervous system (CNS)-gonadal axis and the male sexual behavior of the rat appear to be sensitive to phytoestrogens during development. The changes were similar but not identical to those seen after neonatal treatment with DES, but higher doses of phytoestrogens were needed.There are no data on effects of phytoestrogens given as pure compounds to humans, and all evidence currently available is indirect and based on experiments with phytoestrogen- rich diets. The hormonal effects have so far been marginal. It is known that the intake of phytoestrogens is higher in countries where the incidence rates of clinical conditions linked to estrogen exposure, such as hypospadia or testicular and prostatic cancers, are low. This makes it unlikely that phytoestrogens, or structurally related compounds in amounts present in Asian diets, would have DES-like actions. This does not exclude possibilities that they influence concentrations of endogenous sex hormones and interact with the ER, and that through these mechanisms they alter male sex differentiation, and consequently increase the risks of male genital tract tumors or developmental disorders, particularly in doses exceeding the daily intake of phytoestrogens in Asian diets.
Towards a better understanding of Rift Valley fever epidemiology in the south-west of the Indian Ocean
Authors: Balenghien Thomas , Cardinale Eric , Chevalier Véronique , Elissa Nohal , Failloux Anna-Bella , Jean Jose Nipomichene Thiery Nirina , Nicolas Gaelle , Rakotoharinome Vincent Michel , Roger Matthieu , Zumbo Betty 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Rift Valley fever virus (Phlebovirus, Bunyaviridae) is an arbovirus causing intermittent epizootics and sporadic epidemics primarily in East Africa. Infection causes severe and often fatal illness in young sheep, goats and cattle. Domestic animals and humans can be contaminated by close contact with infectious tissues or through mosquito infectious bites. Rift Valley fever virus was historically restricted to sub-Saharan countries. The probability of Rift Valley fever emerging in virgin areas is likely to be increasing. Its geographical range has extended over the past years. As a recent example, autochthonous cases of Rift Valley fever were recorded in 2007–2008 in Mayotte in the Indian Ocean. It has been proposed that a single infected animal that enters a naive country is sufficient to initiate a major outbreak before Rift Valley fever virus would ever be detected. Unless vaccines are available and widely used to limit its expansion, Rift Valley fever will continue to be a critical issue for human and animal health in the region of the Indian Ocean.
Air ions and respiratory function outcomes: a comprehensive review
Authors: Alexander Dominik D , Bailey William H , Perez Vanessa , Mitchell Meghan E , Su Steave 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundFrom a mechanistic or physical perspective there is no basis to suspect that electric charges on clusters of air molecules (air ions) would have beneficial or deleterious effects on respiratory function. Yet, there is a large lay and scientific literature spanning 80 years that asserts exposure to air ions affects the respiratory system and has other biological effects.AimsThis review evaluates the scientific evidence in published human experimental studies regarding the effects of exposure to air ions on respiratory performance and symptoms.MethodsWe identified 23 studies (published 1933–1993) that met our inclusion criteria. Relevant data pertaining to study population characteristics, study design, experimental methods, statistical techniques, and study results were assessed. Where relevant, random effects meta-analysis models were utilized to quantify similar exposure and outcome groupings.ResultsThe included studies examined the therapeutic benefits of exposure to negative air ions on respiratory outcomes, such as ventilatory function and asthmatic symptoms. Study specific sample sizes ranged between 7 and 23, and studies varied considerably by subject characteristics (e.g., infants with asthma, adults with emphysema), experimental method, outcomes measured (e.g., subjective symptoms, sensitivity, clinical pulmonary function), analytical design, and statistical reporting.ConclusionsDespite numerous experimental and analytical differences across studies, the literature does not clearly support a beneficial role in exposure to negative air ions and respiratory function or asthmatic symptom alleviation. Further, collectively, the human experimental studies do not indicate a significant detrimental effect of exposure to positive air ions on respiratory measures. Exposure to negative or positive air ions does not appear to play an appreciable role in respiratory function.
Therapeutic effect and tolerability of gelatin sponge particle-mediated chemoembolization for colorectal liver metastases: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Chuang , Zhang Yuewei , Zhou Jun , Zhao Guangsheng , Tang Shunxiong 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The majority (approximately 60%) of patients with CRC will eventually develop liver metastases, which remain the most common cause of mortality in these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and tolerability of gelatin sponge particle (GSP)-mediated chemoembolization in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases after systemic chemotherapy failure.

Methods
This was a single-center retrospective study of 15 patients with colorectal liver metastases, who underwent GSP-mediated chemoembolization with 50 mg of lobaplatin during the period December 2009 to December 2010 in the Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University. Clinical data were retrieved, and the therapeutic effect and tolerability of the treatment were evaluated.

Results
All 15 patients with colorectal liver metastases completed the GSP-mediated chemoembolization. The therapeutic effect and tolerability were evaluated 3 months after the initial procedure. The tumor lesions in all patients showed various levels of necrosis and shrinkage. According to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), one patient achieved complete response (CR), eleven patients achieved partial response (PR), and three patients achieved stable disease (SD). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 80%.

Conclusions
GSP-mediated chemoembolization is well tolerated and has a good short-term response rate (80%) in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases after systemic chemotherapy failure. Collectively, further study of the long-term effect of GSP-mediated chemoembolization in colorectal liver metastasis in a large cohort is warranted.
Fluorescence quenching of uric acid solubilized in bicontinuous microemulsion by nitrobenzene
Authors: O. Iwunze Maurice 
Published: September 2013

Uric Acid is known to be practically insoluble in aqueous and alcoholic media. However, it exhibits a reasonable solubility in a Bicontinuous Microemulsion system â€“ a 15-fold or more increase in solubility in thisÂ system compared to its solubility in water. The bicontinuous microemulsion is made up of three components â€“Dodecane-Surfactant-water. Uric acid solubilized in this system is quenched by nitrobenzene. The obtainedÂ fluorescence data do not obey the Stern-Volmer equation when plotted accordingly. Therefore, the modified Stern-Volmer equation was used to analyze the data. It was observed that only one third (1/3) of uric acid isÂ accessible to quenching in this medium and the reaction is diffusion-limited. The Stern-Volmer quenching constant, KSV, was calculated to be 130 M-1 and the fluorescence lifetime, 00, the quantum yield,ï¦, and theÂ bimolecular quenching rate constant, kq, were calculated as 10.6 nanoseconds, 0.06 and 1.23ï‚´1010 M-1s-1, respectively.
The Relationship between Occupational Stress, Burnout, and Turnover Intention among Managerial Staff from a Sino‐Japanese Joint Venture in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Lin Qiu‐Hong , Jiang Chao‐Qiang , Lam Tai Hing 
Published: September 2013

The Relationship between Occupational Stress, Burnout, and Turnover Intention among Managerial Staff from a Sino‐Japanese Joint Venture in Guangzhou, China: Qiu‐Hong LIN, et al. Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Centre, Guangzhou NO. 12 Hospital, P.R. China—ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze the associations between occupational stress, burnout and turnover intention and explore their associated factors among managerial staff in Guangzhou, China.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study recruited 288 managerial employees from a Sino‐Japanese joint venture automobile manufacturing enterprise in Guangzhou. The questionnaire included questions about sociodemographic characteristics, smoking, drinking and physical activity and the Chinese versions of the Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). The response rate was 57.6%. Stepwise regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between burnout and occupational stress and turnover intention and related factors.ResultsThe respondents had a high level burnout on the personal accomplishment subscale and had a high prevalence of turnover intention. Neuroticism, psychoticism, job satisfaction, occupational stress and social support were strong predictors of emotional exhaustion. Psychoticism, passive coping, occupational stress, objective support, utilization of support, male gender and job satisfaction were strong predictors of depersonalization. Active and passive coping and job satisfaction were strong predictors of personal accomplishment. Job dissatisfaction and emotional exhaustion were strong predictors of turnover intention.ConclusionsHigh occupational stress and low job satisfaction were associated with high burnout, particularly in the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions. Low job satisfaction and high emotional exhaustion were associated with high turnover intention among employees. Personality traits, social support and coping style were also found to be associated with burnout.
Prevalence of Bile Duct Cancer among Printing Industry Workers in Comparison with Other Industries
Authors: Okamoto Etsuji , Kikuchi Kiyotaka , Endo Ginji 
Published: September 2013

Prevalence of Bile Duct Cancer among Printing Industry Workers in Comparison with Other Industries: Etsuji OKAMOTO, et al. National Institute of Public Health, Department of Health and Welfare Service Research—ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the risk of developing bile duct cancer among workers in the other printing industry in comparison with workers in all industries in general.MethodsPrevalence of bile duct cancer was compared between workers in the printing industry and age‐standardized controls in all other industries using the claims database of the Japan Health Insurance Association, which insures workers of small‐medium sized employers of all industries.ResultsYoung (aged 30−49) male workers in the printing industry showed an elevated but insignificant standardized prevalence rate ratio (SPRR) for bile duct cancer in comparison with workers in all other industries (SPRR: 1.78; 95%CI: 0.63−5.00). The risk was higher for intrahepatic bile duct cancer but remained insignificant (SPRR: 3.03; 95%CI: 0.52−17.56).ConclusionsThe sharply elevated risk of bile duct cancer observed among proof‐printing workers of a printing factory in Osaka may not be generalizable to workers in the printing industry nationwide.
ANTIOXIDANTS FOR EPDM SEALS EXPOSED TO CHLORINATED TAP WATER
Authors: Gonokami Mio , Yamamoto Yoshimasa , Chaikumpollert Oraphin , Ohtake Yoshito , Kawahara Seiichi 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTA suitable antioxidant for a poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co-5-ethylidene-2-norbornene) (EPDM) seal in tap water applications was determined with respect to volatilization and decomposition of the antioxidants. Seals were prepared by mixing EPDM with 1 phr antioxidant and other ingredients followed by vulcanizing the mixture at 433 K for 20 min. The resulting EPDM seals were immersed into chlorinated water to investigate accelerated degradation. The change in antioxidant content was measured by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The weight loss of amine antioxidants during vulcanization was quite low due to their low volatility and decomposition. Antioxidant weight loss during accelerated degradation depended on both the antioxidant's ability to trap radicals and solubility in chlorinated water.
Sexual Orientation and Lifetime Prevalence of Skin Cancer Across Racial and Ethnic Groups
Authors: Rypka Katelyn J. , Wendland Zachary D. , Steele Maritza V. , Wehner Mackenzie R. , Yeung Howa , Mansh Matthew D. 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceSexual minority (SM) persons have been found to have differential rates of skin cancer, but limited data exist on differences across racial and ethnic groups and by individual sexual identities.ObjectiveTo examine differences by sexual orientation in the lifetime prevalence of skin cancer among US adult females and males across racial and ethnic groups and by individual sexual identity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021, for US adults from the general population. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2023, to March 1, 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSelf-reported lifetime prevalence of skin cancer by sexual orientation. Age-adjusted prevalence and adjusted prevalence odds ratios (AORs) compared heterosexual and SM adults in analyses stratified by individual race.ResultsOf 1 512 400 participants studied, 805 161 (53.2%) were heterosexual females; 38 933 (2.6%), SM females; 638 651 (42.2%), heterosexual males; and 29 655 (2.0%), SM males. A total of 6.6% of participants were Hispanic; 3.4%, non-Hispanic Asian, Pacific Islander, or Hawaiian; 7.5%, non-Hispanic Black; 78.2%, non-Hispanic White; and 4.3%, other race and ethnicity. Mean (SE) age was 48.5 (0.03) years (incomplete data for age of respondents ≥80 years). The lifetime prevalence of skin cancer was overall higher among SM males compared with heterosexual males (7.4% vs 6.8%; AOR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.33), including specifically among Hispanic males (4.0% vs 1.6%; AOR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.96-7.41) and non-Hispanic Black males (1.0% vs 0.5%; AOR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.13-4.19) in analyses stratified by race and ethnicity. Lifetime prevalence rates were lower among SM females compared with heterosexual females among non-Hispanic White females (7.8% vs 8.5%; AOR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.97) and were higher among Hispanic (2.1% vs 1.8%; AOR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.28-4.70) and non-Hispanic Black (1.8% vs 0.5%; AOR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.01-5.54) females in analyses stratified by race and ethnicity.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of US adults, differences in the lifetime prevalence of skin cancer among SM adults compared with heterosexual adults differed across racial and ethnic groups and by individual sexual identity among both females and males. Both Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black and SM females and males had higher rates of skin cancer compared with their heterosexual counterparts. Further research addressing the individual factors contributing to these differences is needed to inform screening guidelines and public health interventions focused on these diverse, heterogeneous populations.
Cendakimab in Patients With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Blauvelt Andrew , Guttman-Yassky Emma , Lynde Charles , Khattri Saakshi , Schlessinger Joel , Imafuku Shinichi , Tada Yayoi , Morita Akimichi , Wiseman Marni , Kwiek Bartlomiej , Machkova Martina , Zhang Peijin , Linaberry Misti , Li Jie , Zhang Sandra , Franchin Giovanni , Charles Edgar D. , De Oliveira Claudia H.M.C. , Silverberg Jonathan I. 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceCendakimab selectively targets interleukin (IL)–13, a type 2 cytokine implicated in atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis, by inhibiting binding to its receptors (IL13R-α1 and IL13R-α2). Proof-of-concept work in AD supports using cendakimab for type 2 inflammatory diseases.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of cendakimab compared with placebo in patients with moderate to severe AD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-ranging clinical trial was conducted from May 2021 to November 2022. Adult patients with moderate to severe AD and inadequate response to topical medications were enrolled at 69 sites in 5 countries (US [n = 26], Japan [n = 17], Canada [n = 9], Poland [n = 9], and Czech Republic [n = 8]). Data were analyzed between April 25, 2023, and October 16, 2023.InterventionsPatients were randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive subcutaneous cendakimab, 360 mg, every 2 weeks; 720 mg, every 2 weeks; 720 mg, once weekly; or placebo.Main Outcome and MeasureMean percentage change in Eczema Area and Severity Index scores from baseline to week 16. Hierarchical testing with multiplicity adjustment was performed for 720 mg, once weekly vs placebo, then 720 mg, every 2 weeks vs placebo, and then 360 mg, every 2 weeks vs placebo.ResultsOverall, 221 patients were randomized, and 220 received study drug (95 women [43%]; mean [SD] age, 37.7 [13.9] years; 720 mg, once weekly [54 (24%)]; 720 mg, every 2 weeks [55 (25%)]; 360 mg, every 2 weeks [55 (25%)]; placebo [56 (26%)]). The primary efficacy end point was met for cendakimab, 720 mg, once weekly vs placebo (–84.4 vs –62.7; P = .003) but missed statistical significance for 720 mg, every 2 weeks (–76.0 vs –62.7; P = .06). The treatment effect for 360 mg, every 2 weeks (−16.3; nominal P = .03 vs placebo) was comparable with 720 mg, once weekly (−21.8); however, significance was not claimed because the hierarchical testing sequence was interrupted. Of patients with treatment-emergent adverse events leading to discontinuation, 4 (7.4%) received 720 mg, once weekly; 2 (3.6%) 720 mg, every 2 weeks; 1 (1.8%) 360 mg, every 2 weeks; and 2 (3.6%) placebo.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this randomized clinical trial indicated that cendakimab was effective, generally safe, and well-tolerated in patients with moderate to severe AD. The primary end point was met with a significant reduction in Eczema Area and Severity Index scores with 720 mg, once weekly at week 16. Cendakimab demonstrated progressive AD improvement at all doses during 16 weeks of treatment.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04800315
Chemical and Solvent‐Based Recycling of High‐Performance Epoxy Thermoset Utilizing Imine‐Containing Secondary Amine Hardener
Authors: Dağlar Özgün , Eisenreich Fabian , Tomović Željko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEpoxy thermosets are indispensable in various industrial applications due to their exceptional material properties. However, their limited recyclability poses a significant challenge for sustainability. To address this issue, integrating recyclable imine moieties into epoxy systems has emerged as a promising strategy. Despite recent advancements, challenges persist concerning the hydrolytic stability of imine‐based epoxy thermosets and the formation of irregular oligomeric structures upon depolymerization. In this study, these shortcomings are solved by designing a liquid imine monomer with secondary amine functionalities, which is subsequently reacted with commercially available epoxy monomers to produce high‐performance epoxy thermosets. Remarkably, the developed imine‐based epoxy system shows no sign of hydrolysis even under high‐temperature aqueous conditions, underscoring its potential for various industrial applications. Only the treatment with aqueous HCl results in the selective formation of exclusively well‐defined molecules, in high isolated yields after depolymerization. Crosslinking these building blocks once again yields recycled polymers with properties identical to pristine material. Moreover, it is discovered that, despite the crosslinked nature of the epoxy thermoset, the complete dissolution of the intact polymer in dichloromethane allowed for simple solvent‐based recycling. Through design on the molecular level, the recycling of imine‐based epoxy polymers is achieved via chemical and solvent‐based techniques.
On‐Chip Room‐Temperature Operated Short‐Wavelength‐Infrared Si:S Photodetector with a Vertical Junction
Authors: Xiao Yunlong , Deng Ke , Zhang Kun , Xu Xiangbao , Li Qing , Zhang Tao , Guo Jiaxiang , Lu Hangyu , Wang Peng , Hu Weida 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si)‐based photodetectors are cost‐effective, eco‐friendly, and compatible with on‐chip complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) technology. However, expanding their photoresponse into the short‐wavelength‐infrared region beyond 1.1 µm remains challenging because of the intrinsic bandgap of Si. In this study, an ion implantation sulfur‐doped Si‐based infrared photodetector featuring a blocked impurity band (BIB) structure is investigated. The detector achieves an extended sub‐bandgap infrared response up to 2 µm through impurity band transitions, facilitated by the artificial creation of a deep‐level impurity band within the Si bandgap. The device exhibited a competitive photodetection effect with a high responsivity of 107.3 mA W−1 and an external quantum efficiency of 10.2%. Notably, the detector yielded an enhanced response speed with a raising time of 46 µs and a decay time of 135 µs at 1310 nm under room temperature. Finally, the versatile applications of this detector is presented in a multitude of scenarios encompassing material composition identification, multi‐band imaging, and optical communication. The proposed investigation not only proposed a method for Si‐based infrared detectors but also constituted a contribution to the advancement of silicon photonics.