bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity and people with disabilities: The implications for health care expenditures
Authors: Anderson Wayne L. , Wiener Joshua M. , Khatutsky Galina , Armour Brian S. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThis study estimates additional average health care expenditures for overweight and obesity for adults with disabilities vs. without.Design and MethodsDescriptive and multivariate methods were used to estimate additional health expenditures by service type, age group, and payer using 2004–2007 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data.ResultsIn 2007, 37% of community‐dwelling Americans with disabilities were obese vs. 27% of the total population. People with disabilities had almost three times ($2,459) the additional average obesity cost of people without disabilities ($889). Prescription drug expenditures for obese people with disabilities were three times as high and outpatient expenditures were 74% higher. People with disabilities in the 45‐ to 64‐year age group had the highest obesity expenditures. Medicare had the highest additional average obesity expenditures among payers. Among people with prescription drug expenditures, obese people with disabilities had nine times the prevalence of diabetes as normal weight people with disabilities. Overweight people with and without disabilities had lower expenditures than normal‐weight people with and without disabilities.ConclusionsObesity results in substantial additional health care expenditures for people with disabilities. These additional expenditures pose a serious current and future problem, given the potential for higher obesity prevalence in the coming decade.
Serological data analyses show that adenovirus 36 infection is associated with obesity: A meta‐analysis involving 5739 subjects
Authors: Shang Qinglong , Wang Haiping , Song Yujia , Wei Lanlan , Lavebratt Catharina , Zhang Fengmin , Gu Hongxi 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveSerological studies on the relationship between adenovirus 36 (Ad36) and an increased risk of obesity development have shown conflicting results. We reviewed the published studies and carried out a meta‐analysis to explore this relationship.MethodsPubMed was searched until December 2012 for the relative references with sufficient information to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 11 case‐control studies, including 2508 obese subjects and 3005 controls, were selected.ResultsCompared with nonobese controls, Ad36 infection significantly increased the obesity risk by a pooled OR of 1.60 (95% CI = 1.14‐2.25; P < 0.01). Meta‐regression showed that the types of subject and obesity assessments were potential risk factors. In the subgroup analysis, a significantly increased risk was found in children (OR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.34‐2.85; z = 3.45; P < 0.01) and those with an obesity assessment of BMI ≥ 30 kg/cm2 (OR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.15‐3.10; P < 0.05).ConclusionsAd36 infection is associated with an increased risk of obesity development. To our knowledge, this is the first report to reveal the significant relationship in children with a serological data analysis.
Obesity rather than regional fat depots marks the metabolomic pattern of adipose tissue: An untargeted metabolomic approach
Authors: Hanzu F.A. , Vinaixa M. , Papageorgiou A. , Párrizas M. , Correig X. , Delgado S. , Carmona F. , Samino S. , Vidal J. , Gomis R. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThis study compares the patterns of visceral (VIS) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue (AT)‐derived metabolites from non‐obese (BMI 24‐26 kg/m2) and obese subjects (BMI > 40 kg/m2) with no major metabolic risk factors other than BMI.MethodsSC‐ and VIS‐ AT obtained from obese (Ob) and non‐obese (NOb) subjects during surgery were incubated to obtain their metabolites. Differences related to obesity or anatomical provenances of AT were assessed using an untargeted metabolomics approach based on gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry.ResultsThe overall effect of obesity on the metabolite profile resulted more remarkable than the effect of regional AT. Only the depletion of 2‐ketoisocaproic (2‐KIC) acid reached statistical significance for the SC‐AT alone, although it was observed in both depots. Obesity induced more significant changes in several amino acids levels of the VIS‐AT metabolites. On the one hand, higher released levels of glutamine and alanine were detected in the VIS‐ obese AT, whereas on the other, the VIS‐ obese AT presented a diminished uptake of essential amino acids (methionine, threonine, lysine), BCAAs, leucine, and serine.ConclusionThis study shows that obesity markedly affects the amino acid metabolic signature of the AT before the clinical onset of other significant metabolic alterations aside from BMI.
A graphene quantum dot realized by an armchair graphene nanoribbon with line defect
Authors: Sui Xiao‐Yan , Li Zhi‐Chao , Gong Wei‐Jiang , Yu Guo‐Dong , Chen Xiao‐Hui 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe electron transport in a semiconducting armchair graphene nanoribbon with line defect is theoretically investigated, by coupling it to two normal metallic leads. It is found that the line defect induces a new localized quantum state near the Dirac point, and that the coupling between this state and the leads provides a channel for the resonant tunneling. This means that such a finite‐size nanoribbon can be viewed as a quantum dot. When two line defects are present simultaneously, a coupled quantum dot forms, leading to the splitting of the conductance peaks. With these results, we propose such a structure to be a promising candidate of an electron transistor. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Coulomb‐enhanced spin–orbit coupling and semiconductor to half‐metal transition under pressure in Sr2CrReO6
Authors: Wang Jing , Zu Ningning , Wang Ying , Wu Zhijian 
Published: June 2013

AbstractOrdered Sr2CrReO6 has been synthesized recently. It is measured to be ferrimagnetic semiconductor, in contrary to the previous reports of metallic properties. To solve the discrepancy, we have investigated the compound by using the density functional theory. The semiconducting behavior is reproduced by including the electron correlation and spin–orbit coupling simultaneously. The calculated band gap is 0.22 eV, close to the experimental value of 0.21 eV. A large orbital moment of 0.69µB is found for Re, which is caused by the Coulomb‐enhanced spin–orbit coupling. By applying pressure, a semiconductor to half‐metal transition is observed through 5% volume compression.magnified image(© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Janson inequalities for general up‐sets
Authors: Riordan Oliver , Warnke Lutz 
Published: June 2013

AbstractJanson and Janson, Łuczak and Ruciński proved several inequalities for the lower tail of the distribution of the number of events that hold, when all the events are up‐sets (increasing events) of a special form—each event is the intersection of some subset of a single set of independent events (i.e., a principal up‐set). We show that these inequalities in fact hold for arbitrary up‐sets, by modifying existing proofs to use only positive correlation, avoiding the need to assume positive correlation conditioned on one of the events. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 46, 391–395, 2015
The measurement and analysis of surface geometric structure of ceramic femoral heads
Authors: Niemczewska‐Wójcik M. , Gawlik J. , Sładek J. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryThe surface functionality of interacting components is determined by evaluating geometric surface structure. Hence, the ceramic femoral heads originated from precision machining were subject to measurement and analysis with regard to roughness, surface damages and deviation from roundness. A variety of measurement techniques were applied in order to thoroughly examine the product quality. The obtained results proved in accordance with the specification: Ra was not greater than 0.05 µm, whereas Δ was less than 10 µm (5 µm) when ceramic balls were used in conjunction with a polyethylene (ceramic) socket. Additionally, the surface damages which can affect the life of a friction pair were analyzed. SCANNING 36:105–114, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of cytotoxic, oxidative stress, proinflammatory and genotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles in human lung epithelial cells
Authors: Suliman Y Al Omar , Ali Daoud , Alarifi Saud , Harrath Abdul Halim , Mansour Lamjed , Alwasel Saleh Hamad 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTSilver nanoparticles are increasingly used in various products, due to their antibacterial properties. Despite its wide spread use, only little information on possible adverse health effects exists. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the toxic potential of silver nanoparticles (<100 nm) in human lung epithelial (A549) cells and the underlying mechanism of its cellular toxicity. Silver nanoparticles induced dose and time‐dependent cytotoxicity in A549 cells demonstrated by MTT and LDH assays. Silver nanoparticles were also found to induce oxidative stress in dose and time‐dependent manner indicated by depletion of GSH and induction of ROS, LPO, SOD, and catalase. Further, the activities of caspases and the level of proinflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) were significantly higher in treated cells. DNA damage, as measured by single cell gel electrophoresis, was also dose and time‐dependent signicants in A549 cells. This study investigating the effects of silver nanoparticles in human lung epithelial cells has provided valuable insights into the mechanism of potential toxicity induced by silver nanoparticles and warrants more careful assessment of silver nanoparticles before their industrial applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 149–160, 2015.
Young Adults’ Pre‐Existing Knowledge of Cystic Fibrosis and Sickle Cell Diseases: Implications for Newborn Screening
Authors: Noke Melissa , Ulph Fiona 
Published: June 2013

AbstractParental distress following newborn screening is thought to result from inadequate preparation for screening results which can result in maladjustment to screening results after birth. Although prior awareness of relevant genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell diseases, and preparedness for screening is suggested to enhance information uptake and reduce parental distress, little is known about how young adults’ prior knowledge prepares them for screening or affects the assimilation and retention of screening information. Thirty‐four young adults, without familial genetic disease or screening experience took part in one of seven focus groups which examined knowledge of cystic fibrosis and sickle cell diseases and ability to assimilate new disease information. Thematic analysis revealed that adults had limited understanding of how cystic fibrosis and sickle cell diseases were inherited or how symptoms manifest, leaving them inadequately prepared for screening results if they do not engage with information interventions. Further, they selectively assimilated new disease information and had difficulty understanding new information in the absence of prior disease knowledge. Young adults’ prior disease knowledge should be considered within a newborn screening context and written materials should consider the inclusion of carrier statistics to improve information relevance.
Widespread Earth Tremors in parts of Central Tamil Nadu on 12th August 2011 and its Significance
Authors: Ramasamy S.M. , Saravanavel J. , Kumanan C.J. , Muthukumar M. , Karthick S. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The southern part of the Indian Peninsular has started witnessing fast recurring seismicities and earth tremors with the magnitude of 3-5 in the recent years. In this context, the earthquake occurred, with a magnitude of 3.5, east of Ariyalur, Central Tamil Nadu, on 12th August, 2011 is significant. It is because, followed by the earthquake, tremors were felt in over 35-40 villages in an area of 8000 sq km along with the development of cracks and dislocations in buildings in several places. The remote sensing observations showed that while the Ariyalur epicenter is in the eastern Tertiary formations, the tremor felt villages lie in the western crystalline formations. Again the correlation of remote sensing based lineaments with Ariyalur earthquake, the related tremors and also a few past seismic events of the area showed that these epicenters mostly lie along NE-SW lineaments. The tremors related to Ariyalur event were also felt mostly in villages located again in the vicinity of NE-SW lineaments. The lineaments appear to be post collision tectonic grains related to the still on going northerly compressive force due to which only the Indian plate is buckling and fracturing now. Hence the 12th August, 2011 seismic event of Ariyalur cannot be taken as an isolated phenomenon and appears to be related to the Indian plate deformation as a whole. So it calls for in depth studies in the context of fast relapsing seismicities in peninsular India.
Functions of nonsuicidal self‐injury among Chinese community adolescents
Authors: You Jianing , Lin Min‐Pei , Leung Freedom 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThis study examined functions of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) among a large sample of Chinese high school students over a six‐month period. Among Chinese adolescents, we identified three factors of NSSI functions, namely, Affect Regulation, Social Influence, and Social Avoidance. Affect Regulation was the most frequently endorsed function of NSSI, followed by Social Influence and Social Avoidance. Adolescent male self‐injurers were more likely to endorse the Social Influence function than their female counterparts. Moderate/Severe Self‐injurers did not differ from Minor Self‐injurers on the endorsement of various NSSI functions. All functions of NSSI exhibited small to moderate stability over the six‐month assessment period. Findings suggest that Chinese adolescents engaged in NSSI for multiple reasons. These reasons also varied considerably over time within individuals. Assessment of NSSI should thus regularly assess functions of the behavior.
The regularities of formation of noble- and rare-metal mineralization in Cenozoic coaliferous deposits in the southern Far East
Authors: Sorokin A.P. , Rozhdestvina V.I. , Kuz’minykh V.M. , Zhmodik S.M. , Anoshin G.N. , Mitkin V.N. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
We performed system studies of age parageneses and lateral conjugation of peat and gold accumulation areas as well as the regularities of formation of noble- and rare-metal mineralization in Cenozoic coaliferous deposits in the south of the Russian Far East. The migration properties of noble metals (NMs) and their behavior in different media are considered. Based on literature data and results of experimental studies, we performed analysis and selection of the most optimal methods for the quantitative determination of NMs and trace and rare-earth elements. The experiments have confirmed the NB fugacity and have shown for the first time the scales of transportation of NMs as ultrafine particles during coal combustion. The obtained results significantly expand the notions of the migration properties of NMs and serve as the key to the solution of the problem of NM extraction in analytical and technological processes. Also, areas promising for noble- and rare-metal mineralization have been revealed in coal basins.
The time of the formation and destruction of the Meso-Cenozoic peneplanation surface in East Sayan
Authors: Arzhannikova A.V. , Jolivet M. , Arzhannikov S.G. , Vassallo R. , Chauvet A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe history of the peneplain in East Sayan was studied using apatite fission-track analysis (AFTA). This method is suitable for determining the formation time of the erosional surface and estimating its denudation rate. The largest known relic of the peneplanation surface in this area is the Oka Plateau, separated from the Kropotkin Ridge by the Oka–Zhombolok fault. The AFTA shows that the peneplain on the Oka Plateau formed in the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. This peneplain is much younger than the erosional surfaces that persist today in the Tien Shan, Gobi Altai, and Mongolian Altai (Early Jurassic). However, it is older than the peneplain on the Chulyshman Plateau, Altai (Late Cretaceous), suggesting asynchronous formation of the ancient peneplain in Central Asia. The similar exhumation histories of samples from the Oka Plateau and Kropotkin Ridge indicate that these morphotectonic structures developed from Jurassic to late Miocene as a single block, which underwent continuous slow denudation at an average rate of 0.0175 mm/yr. Active tectonic processes in the Late Miocene caused the destruction of the peneplanation surface and its partial uplifting to different altitudes. The rate of Pliocene–Quaternary vertical movements along the Oka–Zhombolok fault is roughly estimated at 0.046–0.080 mm/yr, which is several times higher than the denudation rate in this area. During the Pliocene–Quaternary, the Oka Plateau has not undergone any significant morphologic changes owing to its intermediate position between the summit plain and datum surface of East Sayan and to its partial shielding by basaltic lavas.
Modular Invariants and Twisted EquivariantK-theory II: Dynkin diagram symmetries
Authors: Evans David E. , Gannon Terry 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe most basic structure ofchiralconformal field theory (CFT) is the Verlinde ring. Freed-Hopkins-Teleman have expressed the Verlinde ring for the CFT's associated to loop groups, as twisted equivariant K-theory. We build on their work to express K-theoretically the structures offullCFT. In particular, the modular invariant partition functions (which essentially parametrise the possible full CFTs) have a rich interpretation within von Neumann algebras (subfactors), which has led to the developments of structures of full CFT such as the full system (fusion ring of defect lines), nimrep (cylindrical partition function), alpha-induction etc. Modular categorical interpretations for these have followed. For the generic families of modular invariants (i.e. those associated to Dynkin diagram symmetries), we provide aK-theoretic framework for these other CFT structures, and show how they relate to D-brane charges and charge-groups. We also study conformal embeddings and themodular invariant of SU(2), as well as some families of finite group doubles. This newK-theoretic framework allows us to simplify and extend the less transparent, more ad hoc descriptions of these structures obtained previously within CFT.
Toward an Anthropology of Ingratitude: Notes from Andean Kinship
Authors: Leinaweaver Jessaca B. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn this article I examine gratitude and ingratitude as valuable analytical tools for determining how social inequalities inform kinship practices. Accusing one's kin of ingratitude reveals the edges and fault lines of kinship, as well as closely related expectations aboutwhatshould be given,howit should be given, and how it should bereceived. As such, this essay follows in an esteemed anthropological tradition of unifying analyses of the gift and of kinship. It argues that expressions of and talk about gratitude and ingratitude closely index dimensions of social relations such as gender, generation, and social class, and simultaneously reveal tensions within kinship relations where duty and obligation are contested. Ethnographic examples are drawn from fieldwork in Ayacucho, a small city in the Peruvian Andes, where informal fostering and the fraught relations between grown children and their aging parents provide two related arenas for expressions of ideas about gratitude and ingratitude. Analyzing these two examples, I argue for gratitude and ingratitude as analytical heuristics, useful to identify and focus upon dimensions of relations understood to fall within the domain of kinship, and potentially useful in other settings as well.
Validation of an FFQ to assess antioxidant intake in overweight postmenopausal women
Authors: Yang Meng , Wang Ying , Davis Catherine G , Lee Sang Gil , Fernandez Maria Luz , Koo Sung I , Cho Eunyoung , Chun Ock K 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo validate an FFQ to assess antioxidant intake in overweight postmenopausal women.DesignA seventy-four-item antioxidant 1-month FFQ was developed based on major antioxidant sources in the American diet. Forty overweight postmenopausal women participated in a 9-month observational study and completed four sets of FFQ and 7 d food record (7dFR) every 3 months. Twelve-hour fasting blood was collected for plasma antioxidant measurement at the first visit.SettingConnecticut, USA.SubjectsForty overweight postmenopausal women.ResultsSpearman correlation coefficients of 1-month antioxidant intake estimated from the first set of FFQ and 7dFR ranged from 0·34 to 0·87, except for γ-tocopherol. The proportion of participants categorized into the extremely opposite tertiles averaged 7 %. Significant correlations were observed for diet–plasma vitamin C, α-tocopherol and carotenoids (P< 0·05). No time effect was observed on the dietary antioxidant intakes estimated from four 7dFR and four FFQ. Dietary antioxidants estimated from averaged four 7dFR showed moderate to high correlation with those estimated from averaged four FFQ and from each FFQ collected every 3 months. Bland–Altman plots did not show any systematic bias. Averaged misclassifications were below 10 % between these two instruments.ConclusionsThese findings attested a reasonable validity and a good acceptance of this 1-month FFQ in assessing both short-term and long-term diverse antioxidant intakes in these overweight postmenopausal women. The use of this FFQ in associating antioxidant intake with disease risk needs further investigation.
Intrinsically Fluorescent Silica Nanocontainers: A Promising Theranostic Platform
Authors: Rodrigues Ana S. , Ribeiro Tânia , Fernandes Fábio , Farinha José Paulo S. , Baleizão Carlos 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn this paper we describe the preparation of fluorescent mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for traceable drug delivery systems. The nanoparticles were prepared following a sol–gel procedure, incorporating a modified perylenediimide dye in the silica structure. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy show that the nanoparticles are monodispersed, with a spheroid shape and a raspberry-type surface morphology. The hybrid MSNs are robust, maintaining the mesoporous structure after template removal, with a pore diameter above 2 nm. A polymer shell was synthesized from the external surface of the hybrid nanoparticles by atom transfer radical polymerization, showing temperature-switchable collapsed/expanded conformation control. The fluorescent properties of the perylenediimide dye incorporated in the MSN pore walls are intact, and internalization in HEK293 cells shows that the nanoparticles are efficiently dispersed in the cytosol. These results show that the mesoporous fluorescent hybrid nanoparticles are an excellent platform for development of a traceable drug delivery system.