bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESP "Smart Flow" Integrates Quality and Control Data for Diagnostics and Optimization in Real Time
Authors: Al-Jasmi A. , Nasr H. , Goel H. K. , Moricca G. , Carvajal G. A. , Dhar J. , Querales M. , Villamizar M. A. , Cullick A. S. , Rodriguez J. A. , Velasquez G. , Yong Z. , Bermudez F. , Kain J. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Intelligent digital oilfield (iDOF) operations include the transfer, monitoring, visualization, analysis, and interpretation of real-time data. Enabling this process requires a significant investment to upgrade surface, subsurface, and well instrumentation and also the installation of a sophisticated infrastructure for data transmission and visualization. Once upgraded, the system then has the capability to transfer massive quantities of data, converting it into real information at the right time.
The transformation of raw data into information is achieved through intelligent, automated work processes, which are referred to here as "smart flows," which assist engineers in their daily well surveillance activities, helping make them more productive and improve decision making. A major oil and gas operator in the Middle East has invested in such an infrastructure and is developing a set of smart flows for key activities and work flows for its production operations, with the ultimate goal of improved asset performance.
The project includes a smart flow to monitor, diagnose, and optimize wells that include electric submersible pumps (ESP); 50% of the wells in this field use ESPs. The ESP smart flow includes leading-edge technologies, such as: variable speed drive controller, subsurface equipment and sensors, advanced diagnostics based on artificial-intelligence agents, analysis of sensors signals, and automatically identifying ESP optimum operating conditions.
Using a steady-state nodal-analysis model combined with an artificial intelligent technique, the ESP smart flow is designed to provide rapid diagnostics and optimization in real time, generating actions, such as decreasing and increasing the pump frequency and choke setting. The ultimate benefit is to detect the signals that foresee unexpected well downtime and predict ESP system pump failures. The paper describes the main functionalities of the ESP smart flow as a powerful optimization tool that is capable of providing an interactive monitoring system that can assist operations personnel in managing ESP-operated wells.
An Automated "Smart Flow" for Tracking and Assigning Operational Accountabilities in Real Time
Authors: Al-Jasmi A. , Nasr H. , Goel H. K. , Villamizar M. , Carvajal G. A. , Vellanki R. , Cullick A. S. , Rodriguez J. A. , Raghavendra N. , Dunbar A. , Velasquez G. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Intelligent digital oilfield (iDOF) operations include the transfer, monitoring, visualization, analysis, and interpretation of real-time data. Enabling this process requires a significant investment to upgrade surface, subsurface, and well instrumentation and also the installation of a sophisticated infrastructure for data transmission and visualization. Once upgraded, the system then has the capability to transfer massive quantities of data, converting it into real information at the right time.
The transformation of raw data into information is achieved through intelligent, automated work processes, which are referred to here as "smart flows," which assist engineers in their daily well surveillance activities, helping make them more productive and improve decision making. A major oil and gas operator in the Middle East has invested in such an infrastructure and is developing a set of smart flows for key activities and workflows for its production operations, with the ultimate goal of improved asset performance.
To actively report and follow-up on field tasks and actions (thereby minimizing non-productive time and the cost of lost opportunities), this solution includes a high-performance collaborative action-tracking smart flow to monitor field issues and results. This smart flow reports, and distributes actions to solve field operation anomalies, to implement engineering decisions, to manage generated alarms and alerts, and to create and track assignments. The smart flow enables an automated process that logs every alarm, advisory, and field action performed and has been customized for the operational environment of the operator with rules for ticket routing and assignments.
This smart flow is integrated with other smart flows in the solution and provides a complete view of all tickets submitted, including both in-process and resolved, providing operational accountabilities across different groups within the company. This helps establish clear ownership of tasks and activities to foster a sense of responsibility and provide accountability.
This paper provides details of the action-tracking smart flow in the integrated environment in which different groups within the company can effectively use the system, thus helping to optimize the company's field operation support activities.
The bat fauna hibernating in the caves of the Polish Tatra Mountains, and its long-term changes
Authors: Piksa Krzysztof , Nowak Jakub 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
We monitored bats hibernating in the Tatra Mountains during winters between 1997 and 2012. The Tatras are Central Europe’s second-highest massif after the Alps. Our winter censuses identified 14 species of bats hibernating in caves of the Polish Tatras. The most characteristic features of these winter bat assemblages were the dominance of Myotis mystacinus and high numbers of Eptesicus nilssonii. During the monitoring period, we noted qualitative and quantitative changes in the hibernating bat fauna. Two thermophilous species not recorded earlier and absent during the entire Holocene appeared: Rhinolophus hipposideros and Myotis emarginatus. The abundance of M. mystacinus, M. daubentonii, E. nilssonii and Plecotus auritus increased. We found no such changes in the abundance of M. myotis or M. nattereri. The Tatra Mountains are a key region for the occurrence of bats of the mystacinus group (particularly M. mystacinus sensu stricto) in Europe, and for E. nilssonii an important region in Central Europe.
Investigation of the electrostatic charge of basidiospores of the Phellinus igniarius group
Authors: Saar Maret 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The polarity and magnitude of primary electric charges carried by basidiospores in the airborne state were investigated in living fungal fruiting bodies under natural forest conditions using a portable experimental device designed by the author. The operating principle was the falling of spores in the homogeneous horizontal electric field. The vertical and horizontal components of the trajectories of the spores were determined according to their deposition sites on electrodes (vertical metal plates). Altogether 33 samples of spores were examined for polarity, 10 of these samples (with 104–106 spores per sample) also were used to calculate the mean spore charge-to-mass quotient and the mean spore charge. The detection limits of spore charge-to-mass quotient varied in the range from (4.9±2.3)×10−5 to (1.36±0.33)×10−4 C kg−1. Basidiospores (subglobose, smooth, diameter of 4–6 μm) of the closely related (sibling) species Phellinus alni, P. nigricans, P. populicola and P. tremulae (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) carried positive electrical charges that have mean values from 48 to 305 elementary charges. The intraspecies variation of the spore charge could depend on the natural variation in spore size.
The Effect of Methamphetamine on Biotransformation of Ethanol: Pilot Study
Authors: Zendulka O. , Sabová M. , Juřica J. , Machalíček M. , Švéda P. , Farková M. , Šulcová A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMethamphetamine is one of the most popular recreational drugs in Central Europe and is often combined with ethanol. Various interactions between these two substances have been described including the influence of administered ethanol on biotransformation of methamphetamine. The aim of the present study was to describe the opposite effect - the influence of methamphetamine on biotransformation of ethanol in rats. Methamphetamine was administered for 10 days (10 mg/kg/day) i.p. and ethanol was delivered as an intragastric bolus (2 g/kg) on the10th day of experiment to both methamphetamine administered rats and control animals. The pharmacokinetic experiment on the whole animal was performed and plasma samples were drawn at the 40th, 120th, 210th and 300th minute after ethanol administration. Ethanol plasmatic levels reached significantly lower values in the 40th and 120th interval when compared to controls. Differences were insignificant in the last two intervals. Our results suggest that chronic methamphetamine administration induces ethanol biotransformation. We suppose that this effect is caused by induction of alcohol dehydrogenase metabolic activity or by allosteric interaction of methamphetamine and this enzyme. More studies have to be conducted to confirm or disprove our hypothesis.
Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain 1 Enhances IFN-γ Signaling in Gastric Epithelial Cells during Helicobacter pylori Infection and Exacerbates Disease Severity
Authors: Allison Cody C. , Ferrand Jonathan , McLeod Louise , Hassan Mohammad , Kaparakis-Liaskos Maria , Grubman Alexandra , Bhathal Prithi S. , Dev Anouk , Sievert William , Jenkins Brendan J. , Ferrero Richard L. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Virulent Helicobacter pylori strains that specifically activate signaling in epithelial cells via the innate immune molecule, nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1), are more frequently associated with IFN-γ–dependent inflammation and with severe clinical outcomes (i.e., gastric cancer and peptic ulceration). In cell culture models, we showed that H. pylori activation of the NOD1 pathway caused enhanced proinflammatory signaling in epithelial cells in response to IFN-γ stimulation through the direct effects of H. pylori on two components of the IFN-γ signaling pathway, STAT1 and IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). Specifically, H. pylori activation of the NOD1 pathway was shown to increase the levels of STAT1-Tyr701/Ser727 phosphorylation and IRF1 expression/synthesis in cells, resulting in enhanced production of the NOD1- and IFN-γ–regulated chemokines, IL-8– and IFN-γ–induced protein 10, respectively. Consistent with the notion that heightened proinflammatory signaling in epithelial cells may have an impact on disease severity, we observed significantly increased expression levels of NOD1, CXCL8, IRF1, and CXCL10 in human gastric biopsies displaying severe gastritis, when compared with those without gastritis (p &lt; 0.05, p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.01, and p &lt; 0.05, respectively). Interestingly, NOD1, CXCL8, and IRF1 expression levels were also significantly upregulated in gastric tumor tissues, when compared with paired nontumor samples (p &lt; 0.0001, p &lt; 0.05, and p &lt; 0.05, respectively). Thus, we propose that cross-talk between NOD1 and IFN-γ signaling pathways contribute to H. pylori–induced inflammatory responses, potentially revealing a novel mechanism whereby virulent H. pylori strains promote more severe disease.
Identification of Der p 23, a Peritrophin-like Protein, as a New Major Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Allergen Associated with the Peritrophic Matrix of Mite Fecal Pellets
Authors: Weghofer Margit , Grote Monika , Resch Yvonne , Casset Anne , Kneidinger Michael , Kopec Jolanta , Thomas Wayne R. , Fernández-Caldas Enrique , Kabesch Michael , Ferrara Rosetta , Mari Adriano , Purohit Ashok , Pauli Gabrielle , Horak Friedrich , Keller Walter , Valent Peter , Valenta Rudolf , Vrtala Susanne 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The house dust mite (HDM) Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is one of most important allergen sources and a major elicitor of allergic asthma. We screened a D. pteronyssinus expression cDNA library with IgE Abs from HDM allergic patients. A cDNA coding for a new major allergen was isolated, which showed sequence homology to peritrophins, which contain chitin-binding domains and are part of the peritrophic matrix lining the gut of arthropods. The mature Der p 23 allergen was expressed in Escherichia coli as an 8-kDa protein without its hydrophobic leader sequence and purified to homogeneity. It reacted with IgE Abs from 74% of D. pteronyssinus allergic patients (n = 347) at levels comparable to the two major HDM allergens, Der p 1 and Der p 2. Thus, Der p 23 represents a new major D. pteronyssinus allergen. Furthermore, rDer p 23 exhibited high allergenic activity as demonstrated by upregulation of CD203c expression on basophils from D. pteronyssinus allergic patients. Immunogold electron microscopy localized the allergen in the peritrophic matrix lining the midgut of D. pteronyssinus as well as on the surface of the fecal pellets. Thus, we identified a new major D. pteronyssinus allergen as peritrophin-like protein. The high allergenic activity of Der p 23 and its frequent recognition as respiratory allergen may be explained by the fact that it becomes airborne and respirable through its association with mite feces. Der p 23 may be an essential component for diagnosis and specific immunotherapy of HDM allergy.
Deciphering Complement Receptor Type 1 Interactions with Recognition Proteins of the Lectin Complement Pathway
Authors: Jacquet Mickaël , Lacroix Monique , Ancelet Sarah , Gout Evelyne , Gaboriaud Christine , Thielens Nicole M. , Rossi Véronique 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Complement receptor type 1 (CR1) is a membrane receptor expressed on a wide range of cells. It is involved in immune complex clearance, phagocytosis, and complement regulation. Its ectodomain is composed of 30 complement control protein (CCP) modules, organized into four long homologous repeats (A–D). In addition to its main ligands C3b and C4b, CR1 was reported to interact with C1q and mannan-binding lectin (MBL) likely through its C-terminal region (CCP22–30). To decipher the interaction of human CR1 with the recognition proteins of the lectin complement pathway, a recombinant fragment encompassing CCP22–30 was expressed in eukaryotic cells, and its interaction with human MBL and ficolins was investigated using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. MBL and L-ficolin were shown to interact with immobilized soluble CR1 and CR1 CCP22–30 with apparent dissociation constants in the nanomolar range, indicative of high affinity. The binding site for CR1 was located at or near the MBL-associated serine protease (MASP) binding site in the collagen stalks of MBL and L-ficolin, as shown by competition experiments with MASP-3. Accordingly, the mutation of an MBL conserved lysine residue essential for MASP binding (K55) abolished binding to soluble CR1 and CCP22–30. The CR1 binding site for MBL/ficolins was mapped to CCP24–25 of long homologous repeat D using deletion mutants. In conclusion, we show that ficolins are new CR1 ligands and propose that MBL/L-ficolin binding involves major ionic interactions between conserved lysine residues of their collagen stalks and surface exposed acidic residues located in CR1 CCP24 and/or CCP25.
Staphylococcus aureus Phenol-Soluble Modulin Peptides Modulate Dendritic Cell Functions and Increase In Vitro Priming of Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Schreiner Jens , Kretschmer Dorothee , Klenk Juliane , Otto Michael , Bühring Hans-Jörg , Stevanovic Stefan , Wang Ji Ming , Beer-Hammer Sandra , Peschel Andreas , Autenrieth Stella E. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The major human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus has very efficient strategies to subvert the human immune system. Virulence of the emerging community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus depends on phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) peptide toxins, which are known to attract and lyse neutrophils. However, their influences on other immune cells remain elusive. In this study, we analyzed the impact of PSMs on dendritic cells (DCs) playing an essential role in linking innate and adaptive immunity. In human neutrophils, PSMs exert their function by binding to the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2. We show that mouse DCs express the FPR2 homolog mFPR2 as well as its paralog mFPR1 and that PSMs are chemoattractants for DCs at noncytotoxic concentrations. PSMs reduced clathrin-mediated endocytosis and inhibited TLR2 ligand-induced secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-12, and IL-6, while inducing IL-10 secretion by DCs. As a consequence, treatment with PSMs impaired the capacity of DCs to induce activation and proliferation of CD4+ T cells, characterized by reduced Th1 but increased frequency of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells. These regulatory T cells secreted high amounts of IL-10, and their suppression capacity was dependent on IL-10 and TGF-β. Interestingly, the induction of tolerogenic DCs by PSMs appeared to be independent of mFPRs, as shown by experiments with mice lacking mFPR2 (mFPR2−/−) and the cognate G protein (p110γ−/−). Thus, PSMs from highly virulent pathogens affect DC functions, thereby modulating the adaptive immune response and probably increasing the tolerance toward the pathogen.
GRB2-Mediated Recruitment of THEMIS to LAT Is Essential for Thymocyte Development
Authors: Paster Wolfgang , Brockmeyer Claudia , Fu Guo , Simister Philip C. , de Wet Ben , Martinez-Riaño Ana , Hoerter John A. H. , Feller Stephan M. , Wülfing Christoph , Gascoigne Nicholas R. J. , Acuto Oreste 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Thymocyte-expressed molecule involved in selection (THEMIS) is a recently identified regulator of thymocyte positive selection. THEMIS’s mechanism of action is unknown, and whether it has a role in TCR-proximal signaling is controversial. In this article, we show that THEMIS and the adapter molecule growth factor receptor–bound protein 2 (GRB2) associate constitutively through binding of a conserved PxRPxK motif within the proline-rich region 1 of THEMIS to the C-terminal SH3-domain of GRB2. This association is indispensable for THEMIS recruitment to the immunological synapse via the transmembrane adapter linker for activation of T cells (LAT) and for THEMIS phosphorylation by Lck and ZAP-70. Two major sites of tyrosine phosphorylation were mapped to a YY-motif close to proline-rich region 1. The YY-motif was crucial for GRB2 binding, suggesting that this region of THEMIS might control local phosphorylation-dependent conformational changes important for THEMIS function. Finally, THEMIS binding to GRB2 was required for thymocyte development. Our data firmly assign THEMIS to the TCR-proximal signaling cascade as a participant in the LAT signalosome and suggest that the THEMIS–GRB2 complex might be involved in shaping the nature of Ras signaling, thereby governing thymic selection.
On the Global Structure of Special Cycles on Unitary Shimura Varieties
Authors: Vandenbergen Nicolas 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we study the reduced loci of special cycles on local models of the Shimura variety for GU(1; n − 1). Those special cycles are defined by Kudla and Rapoport. We explicitly compute the irreducible components of the reduced locus of a single special cycle, as well as of an arbitrary intersection of special cycles, and their intersection behaviour in terms of Bruhat–Tits theory. Furthermore, as an application of our results, we prove the connectedness of arbitrary intersections of special cycles, as conjectured by Kudla and Rapoport.
Register, Cap and Trade: A Proposal for Containing Systemic Liquidity Risk
Authors: Milne Alistair 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
A fundamental cause of the global financial crisis was excessive maturity mismatch, notably shadow banking holdings of sub-prime MBS and other structured credit instruments and crossborder Euro area interbank lending to the uncompetitive Euro area periphery. The costs of short term funding do not fully reflect underlying asset risks and this created systemic liquidity and credit risks. This externality can be controlled through the issue of tradable licenses for short term funding. This is a simpler and more efficient way of addressing systemic liquidity risk than the controls on individual institutions proposed by international regulators.
Using Potential Performance Theory to Analyze Systematic and Random Factors in Enumeration Tasks
Authors: Hunt Gayle , Rice Stephen , Trafimow David , Sandry Joshua 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Prior research has shown that as the number of items being enumerated increases, performance decreases, especially when the amount of time is limited. Researchers studying nonverbal enumeration have found that random noise increases as a function of the number of items presented. Over a series of 2 experiments, the authors used potential performance theory to expand these findings and discover precisely how much random noise actually influences observed performance and what performance might look like in the absence of random factors. Participants briefly viewed a visual stimulus comprising a set of 4 to 9 dots presented horizontally (Experiment 1) or randomly (Experiment 2) on a computer monitor. Findings from both experiments indicate that the decrease in performance for larger set sizes resulted almost entirely from a reduction in consistency (or an increase in random noise), whereas potential performance remained fairly constant until the maximum set size.
Temporal- and Stimulus-Based Constraints to Interactive Activation During Visual Word Recognition in Adult Readers
Authors: Reimer Jason F. , Lorsbach Thomas C. , Bleakney Dana M. , Mckinney Scott P. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
In models of visual word recognition that incorporate an interactive activation framework, activation spreads from orthographic and phonological units to semantic units and from semantic units back to phonological and orthographic units. The present research examined whether semantic feedback changes over the time course of lexical processing and as a function of stimulus quality. Using a mediated priming paradigm, prime–target word pairs were associatively related (frog–toad), homophonically mediated (frog–towed), or orthographically mediated (frog–told). Evidence of semantic feedback to both orthography and phonology was found when the prime duration was 146 ms (Experiment 1) and only to phonology when the prime duration was 253 ms (Experiment 2a). However, when the prime duration was 253 ms and target words were degraded (Experiment 2b), feedback spread only to orthography. The results suggest that the dynamics of semantic feedback change as the function of processing demands in the visual word recognition system.