bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CIPK11 phosphorylates GSTU23 to promote cold tolerance in Camellia sinensis
Authors: Di Taimei , Wu Yedie , Feng Xia , He Mingming , Lei Lei , Wang Jie , Li Nana , Hao Xinyuan , Whelan James , Wang Xinchao , Wang Lu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCold stress negatively impacts the growth, development, and quality of Camellia sinensis (Cs, tea) plants. CBL‐interacting protein kinases (CIPK) comprise a pivotal protein family involved in plant development and response to multiple environmental stimuli. However, their roles and regulatory mechanisms in tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) remain unknown. Here we show that CsCBL‐interacting protein kinase 11 (CsCIPK11), whose transcript abundance was significantly induced at low temperatures, interacts and phosphorylates tau class glutathione S‐transferase 23 (CsGSTU23). CsGSTU23 was also a cold‐inducible gene and has significantly higher transcript abundance in cold‐resistant accessions than in cold‐susceptible accessions. CsCIPK11 phosphorylated CsGSTU23 at Ser37, enhancing its stability and enzymatic activity. Overexpression of CsCIPK11 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in enhanced cold tolerance under freezing conditions, while transient knockdown of CsCIPK11 expression in tea plants had the opposite effect, resulting in decreased cold tolerance and suppression of the C‐repeat‐binding transcription factor (CBF) transcriptional pathway under freezing stress. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of CsGSTU23 in tea plants increased cold tolerance. These findings demonstrate that CsCIPK11 plays a central role in the signaling pathway to cold signals and modulates antioxidant capacity by phosphorylating CsGSTU23, leading to improved cold tolerance in tea plants.
Autolougous platelet concentrates in esthetic medicine
Authors: Davies Catherine , Miron Richard J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis narrative review summarizes current knowledge on the use of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) in esthetic medicine, with the goal of providing clinicians with reliable information for clinical practice. APCs contain platelets that release various growth factors with potential applications in facial and dermatologic treatments. This review examines several facial esthetic applications of APCs, including acne scarring, skin rejuvenation, melasma, vitiligo, stretchmarks, peri‐orbital rejuvenation, peri‐oral rejuvenation, hair regeneration and the volumizing effects of APC gels. A systematic review of literature databases (PubMed/MEDLINE) was conducted up to October 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the English language on APCs for facial rejuvenation and dermatology. A total of 96 articles were selected including those on platelet rich plasma (PRP), plasma‐rich in growth factors (PRGF), and platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF). Clinical recommendations gained from the reviews are provided. In summary, the use of APCs in facial esthetics is a promising yet relatively recent treatment approach. Overall, the majority of studies have focused on the use of PRP with positive outcomes. Only few studies have compared PRP versus PRF with all demonstrating superior outcomes using PRF. The existing studies have limitations including small sample sizes and lack of standardized assessment criteria. Future research should utilize well‐designed RCTs, incorporating appropriate controls, such as split‐face comparisons, and standardized protocols for APC usage, including optimal number of sessions, interval between sessions, and objective improvement scores. Nevertheless, the most recent formulations of platelet concentrates offer clinicians an ability to improve various clinical parameters and esthetic concerns.
Syntactic measurement of governance networks from textual data, with application to water management plans
Authors: Zufall Elise , Scott Tyler A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper demonstrates an automated workflow for extracting network data from policy documents. We use natural language processing tools, part‐of‐speech tagging, and syntactic dependency parsing, to represent relationships between real‐world entities based on how they are described in text. Using a corpus of regional groundwater management plans, we demonstrate unique graph motifs created through parsing syntactic relationships and how document‐level syntax can be aggregated to develop large‐scale graphs. This approach complements and extends existing methods in public management and governance research by (1) expanding the feasible geographic and temporal scope of data collection and (2) allowing for customized representations of governance systems to fit different research applications, particularly by creating graphs with many different node and edge types. We conclude by reflecting on the challenges, limitations, and future directions of automated, text‐based methods for governance research.
Thermal Property Estimation of Thin-Layered Structures by Means of Thermoreflectance Measurement and Network Identification by Deconvolution Algorithm
Authors: Higuma Daiki , Silveira João Vitor Thomsen , Kim Byunggi , Nomura Masahiro , Fushinobu Kazuyoshi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a powerful tool for micro and nanoscale digital printing of metals for electronic packaging. In the metal LIFT process, the donor thin metal film is propelled to the receiving substrate and deposited on it. Morphology of the deposited metal varies with the thermodynamic responses of the donor thin film during and after the laser heating. Thus, the thermophysical properties of the multilayered donor sample are important to predict the LIFT process accurately. Here, we investigated thermophysical properties of a 100 nm-thick gold coated on 0.5 mm-thick sapphire and silicon substrates by means of the nanosecond time-domain thermoreflectance (ns-TDTR) analyzed by the network identification by deconvolution (NID) algorithm, which does not require numerical simulation or analytical solution. The NID algorithm enabled us to extract the thermal time constants of the sample from the nanosecond thermal decay of the sample surface. Furthermore, the cumulative and differential structure functions allowed us to investigate the heat flow path, giving the interfacial thermal resistance and the thermal conductivity of the substrate. After calibration of the NID algorithm using the thermal conductivity of the sapphire, the thermal conductivity of the silicon was determined to be 107–151 W/(m K), which is in good agreement with the widely accepted range of 110–148 W/(m K). Our study shows the feasibility of the structure function obtained from the single-shot TDTR experiments for thermal property estimation in laser processing and electronics packaging applications.
A Semi-Analytical Mathematical Model of Off-Center Multi-Stage Fractured Horizontal Well in Circle Bi-Zonal Gas Reservoir
Authors: Xu Youjie , Xiang Zuping , Mao Zhenglin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Reservoir permeability and stress heterogeneous distribution lead to different hydraulic fracture lengths and angles. Gas reservoirs' heterogeneous characteristics lead that well is not the center of the circle high-permeability regions after large-scale fracturing. Traditional pressure transient model cannot be used in this case. When a horizontal well length is relatively small, radial composite model can be used to simulate wellbore pressure. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present a semi-analytical mathematical model of the off-center fractured horizontal well with a circle high-permeability region. The coupling approach of hydraulic fracture and matrix model is employed to solve mathematical model. The wellbore pressure transient solution can be obtained by the Laplace transform, Gauss elimination and the Stehfest numerical inversion. The results show that the wellbore pressure response curve of this model includes eleven flow regimes. When the well is not the center of the reservoir, an obvious derivative curve “upwards” will emerge after the inner radial flow regime, which is different from the previous fractured horizontal well model. Hydraulic fracture properties and geometries distribution have obvious influence on derivative curves characteristic of the early regime. Off-center distance and reservoir properties have distinct influences on derivative curves characteristic of the middle regime. This semi-analytical mathematical model can provide a guide on high-permeability region depiction, hydraulic fracture, and reservoir parameter inversion.
Control of Flow and Acoustic Fields Around an Axial Fan Utilizing Plasma Actuators
Authors: Yokoyama Hiroshi , Nagao Nobuaki , Tokai Kazuma , Nishikawara Masahito 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Small axial fans, commonly employed for cooling electronic equipment, are frequently housed within narrow ducts, where intense tonal sound with duct resonance can occur, particularly when the blade passing frequency or its harmonic frequency aligns with the duct's resonance frequency. To mitigate resonant sound, this study proposes a flow control using dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators, which induce a flow along the generation of plasma in air. The control effects on flow field, acoustic radiation, and aerodynamic characteristics are evaluated through direct aeroacoustic simulations and experiments conducted at different flow rates. The computational results reveal that swirling flow occurs in the inflow due to fan rotations at low flow coefficients. This swirling flow is weakened by utilizing plasma actuators, which are arranged to induce flows in the circumferentially reverse direction compared to fan rotations. This control method weakens the resonant sound at low and intermediate flow coefficients, while intensifying it at high flow coefficients, all at the same rotational speed. Moreover, the static pressure coefficient decreases and increases at low and high flow coefficients, respectively, with the latter attributed to an increase in the relative inflow angle induced by the control. Experimental findings demonstrate that the acoustic resonance was reduced by the control at both low and high flow rates, achieved by adjusting the rotational speed to maintain the same flowrate and static pressure rise as in the baseline case.
A FeCrAl-Al2O3 Composite Produced Via Laser Powder Bed Fusion of a Mixed Powder for Porous Catalyst Scaffolds
Authors: Son Kwangtae , Kao Hsin-Mei , McNeff Patrick , Yang Seongun , Ghanadi Nahal , Pasebani Somayeh , Chang Chi-hung , Paul Brian K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study proposes a novel approach for synthesizing and etching bicontinuous FeCrAl-Al2O3 composites as a means for replacing FeCrAl foams as catalyst scaffolds in biodriven alcohol reactors for jet-fuel production. Conventional FeCrAl foams suffer from poor availability and consequent high costs. New additive manufacturing techniques provide an opportunity to produce tailored foams at reasonable times and at acceptable costs. This research aimed to generate a porous FeCrAl structure by etching a bicontinuous FeCrAl-Al2O3 composite produced by laser powder bed fusion of amalgamated FeCrAl and Al2O3 powders. The composite powder for laser powder bed fusion is created by ball-milling FeCrAl and Al2O3 powders. This research focuses on achieving a bi-continuous FeCrAl-Al2O3 structure, essential for the selective removal of the ceramic phase. The influence of laser processing parameters on the microstructure was examined across a range of laser powers (60–120 W) and scan speeds (100–400 mm/s), showing that higher powers and speeds produce finer metal struts. A bi-continuous microstructure was consistently obtained, marking a key achievement. The Al2O3 removal process involved a two-step etching method using hydrochloric and phosphoric acids, tested across various etching times. The alumina phase was reduced from 36 vol% to 17 vol% (corresponding to an increase in porosity from 24 vol% to 43 vol%), showing the potential for use as a porous catalyst scaffold. This research demonstrates the potential for using additive manufacturing to produce porous FeCrAl structures capable of replacing hard-to-source FeCrAl foams.
Relationship Between Executive Function Subdomains and Postural Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Martínez-Carrasco Claudia , Cid-Navarrete Fernanda , Rossel Pedro O. , Fuentes Jorge , Zamunér Antonio Roberto , Méndez-Rebolledo Guillermo , Cabrera-Aguilera Ignacio 
Published: August 2024

Background: Executive function (EF) deficits are a significant risk factor for falls among older adults (OAs). However, relationship between EF subdomains (shifting, updating, and inhibition), postural balance (PB), and fall risk in healthy OAs, remains poorly understood. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between EF subdomains (shifting, updating, and inhibition) and PB, and to assess their impact on risk of falls in community-dwelling OAs. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 50 OAs aged over 60 years (average age of 72 years) was conducted. Participants underwent assessments of EF subdomains and PB using validated tests. A correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationships between EF and PB. Results: The study revealed significant correlations between subdomains and PB. Mental set shifting (r = −.539; p < .001) and inhibition (r = −.395; p = .050) exhibited inverse relationships with PB. Stepwise multiple linear regression showed that Trail Making Test Part B was associated with the PB (R2 = .42, p < .001). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of assessing EF subdomains, particularly shifting and inhibition, to identify risk of falls. Trail Making Test Part B largely explains the variability of the PB. Integrating PB assessments and EF training, such as the Mini-BESTest, into routine care can be vital for fall prevention strategies. Significance/Implications: This knowledge underscores the need for cognitive training interventions focusing on shifting and inhibition to enhance PB and potentially reduce falls. Additionally, incorporation of EF assessment tools as Trail Making Test Part B and the Mini-BESTest into routine clinical practice for community-dwelling OAs is recommended to address fall prevention strategies.
Sleep Characteristics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging- and Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Based Morphological Parameters, Muscle Strength, and Risk of Falls in Sedentary Older Subjects
Authors: Borghi Stefano , La Torre Antonio , Messina Carmelo , Sconfienza Luca M. , Banfi Giuseppe , Vitale Jacopo A. 
Published: August 2024

Background: The aims of this cross-sectional study were to (a) assess actigraphy-based sleep parameters (total sample and gender differences), (b) assess differences in morphological parameters and physical function between short- versus normal-sleepers and poor- versus good-sleepers, and (c) assess the possible correlations between sleep variables and morphological and physical function parameters in older subjects. Methods: This study enrolled 42 healthy older participants (60–80 years). Participants completed the following clinical evaluations: (1) whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to assess the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index; (2) magnetic resonance imaging acquisition to determine the cross-sectional muscle area of thigh muscles and intermuscular adipose tissue; (3) risk of fall assessment through the mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test; (4) strength assessment: (a) chair stand test and (b) handgrip strength test; (5) sleep monitoring by actigraphy to assess total sleep time, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, sleep latency, fragmentation index, mobile time, and subjective sleep quality. Results: 31.0% of subjects were short-sleepers (total sleep time < 6 hr), 19.1% were poor-sleepers (sleep efficiency < 85%), and gender differences were detected in mobile time (males: 15.8 ± 6.0 and females: 13.4 ± 6.8; p < .001) and fragmentation index (males: 35.3 ± 14.3 and females: 29.6 ± 14.6; p < .001); no significant differences were observed between groups (short- vs. normal-sleepers and poor- vs. good-sleepers) in morphological and physical function variables; correlation analysis showed that sleep latency negatively correlated with Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (r = −.352; p = .022) and a positive correlation was detected between cross-sectional muscle area and mobile time (r = .349, p = .023). Conclusion: No differences were observed in morphological and function parameters between good- versus poor-sleepers, those subjects with worse sleep onset latency (i.e., longer time to fall asleep) registered higher for risk of fall. The potential role of sleep in the physiological mechanisms of muscular aging must be explored through cross-sectional cohort studies with a larger population.
Age-dependent Powassan virus lethality is linked to glial cell activation and divergent neuroinflammatory cytokine responses in a murine model
Authors: Mladinich Megan C. , Himmler Grace E. , Conde Jonas N. , Gorbunova Elena E. , Schutt William R. , Sarkar Shayan , Tsirka Styliani-Anna E. , Kim Hwan Keun , Mackow Erich R. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Powassan virus (POWV) is an emergent tick-borne flavivirus that causes fatal encephalitis in the elderly and long-term neurologic sequelae in survivors. How age contributes to severe POWV encephalitis remains an enigma, and no animal models have assessed age-dependent POWV neuropathology. Inoculating C57BL/6 mice with a POWV strain (LI9) currently circulating in
Ixodes
ticks resulted in age-dependent POWV lethality 10–20 dpi. POWV infection of 50-week-old mice was 82% fatal with lethality sequentially reduced by age to 7.1% in 10-week-old mice. POWV LI9 was neuroinvasive in mice of all ages, causing acute spongiform CNS pathology and reactive gliosis 5–15 dpi that persisted in survivors 30 dpi. High CNS viral loads were found in all mice 10 dpi. However, by 15 dpi, viral loads decreased by 2–4 logs in 10- to 40-week-old mice, while remaining at high levels in 50-week-old mice. Age-dependent differences in CNS viral loads 15 dpi occurred concomitantly with striking changes in CNS cytokine responses. In the CNS of 50-week-old mice, POWV induced Th1-type cytokines (IFNγ, IL-2, IL-12, IL-4, TNFα, IL-6), suggesting a neurodegenerative pro-inflammatory M1 microglial program. By contrast, in 10-week-old mice, POWV-induced Th2-type cytokines (IL-10, TGFβ, IL-4) were consistent with a neuroprotective M2 microglial phenotype. These findings correlate age-dependent CNS cytokine responses and viral loads with POWV lethality and suggest potential neuroinflammatory therapeutic targets. Our results establish the age-dependent lethality of POWV in a murine model that mirrors human POWV severity and long-term CNS pathology in the elderly.

IMPORTANCE
Powassan virus is an emerging tick-borne flavivirus causing lethal encephalitis in aged individuals. We reveal an age-dependent POWV murine model that mirrors human POWV encephalitis and long-term CNS damage in the elderly. We found that POWV is neuroinvasive and directs reactive gliosis in all age mice, but at acute stages selectively induces pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokine responses in 50-week-old mice and neuroprotective Th2 cytokine responses in 10-week-old mice. Our findings associate CNS viral loads and divergent cytokine responses with age-dependent POWV lethality and survival outcomes. Responses of young mice suggest potential therapeutic targets and approaches for preventing severe POWV encephalitis that may be broadly applicable to other neurodegenerative diseases. Our age-dependent murine POWV model permits analysis of vaccines that prevent POWV lethality, and therapeutics that resolve severe POWV encephalitis.
Cytosolic serpins act in a cytoprotective feedback loop that limits ESX-1-dependent death of
Mycobacterium marinum
-infected macrophages
Authors: Nobs Esther , Laschanzky Katie , Munke Kristina , Movert Elin , Valfridsson Christine , Carlsson Fredric 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Serine protease inhibitors (serpins) constitute the largest family of protease inhibitors expressed in humans, but their role in infection remains largely unexplored. In infected macrophages, the mycobacterial ESX-1 type VII secretion system permeabilizes internal host membranes and causes leakage into the cytosol of host DNA, which induces type I interferon (IFN) production via the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of IFN genes (STING) surveillance pathway, and promotes infection
in vivo
. Using the
Mycobacterium marinum
infection model, we show that ESX-1-mediated type I IFN signaling in macrophages selectively induces the expression of
serpina3f
and
serpina3g
, two cytosolic serpins of the clade A3. The membranolytic activity of ESX-1 also caused leakage of cathepsin B into the cytosol where it promoted cell death, suggesting that the induction of type I IFN comes at the cost of lysosomal rupture and toxicity. However, the production of cytosolic serpins suppressed the protease activity of cathepsin B in this compartment and thus limited cell death, a function that was associated with increased bacterial growth in infected mice. These results suggest that cytosolic serpins act in a type I IFN-dependent cytoprotective feedback loop to counteract the inevitable toxic effect of ESX-1-mediated host membrane rupture.

IMPORTANCE

The ESX-1 type VII secretion system is a key virulence determinant of pathogenic mycobacteria. The ability to permeabilize host cell membranes is critical for several ESX-1-dependent virulence traits, including phagosomal escape and induction of the type I interferon (IFN) response. We find that it comes at the cost of lysosomal leakage and subsequent host cell death. However, our results suggest that ESX-1-mediated type I IFN signaling selectively upregulates
serpina3f
and
serpina3g
and that these cytosolic serpins limit cell death caused by cathepsin B that has leaked into the cytosol, a function that is associated with increased bacterial growth
in vivo
. The ability to rupture host membranes is widespread among bacterial pathogens, and it will be of interest to evaluate the role of cytosolic serpins and this type I IFN-dependent cytoprotective feedback loop in the context of human infection.