bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Putting Culture, Language, and Power in the Middle: Dual-Language Participatory Arts for Building Community and Making Change
Authors: López Leslie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCorre la Voz (CLV) is a teaching/learning program in Santa Cruz, California, revolving around an after-school workshop in multi-modal, dual-language arts where undergraduate and middle-grade student cohorts work with faculty to build transformative learning communities. The program’s partnership (UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz City Schools, Senderos) aims to improve immigrant Latinx community members opportunities to thrive and pursue their full potential, both on and off campus; and CLV aims to develop replicable pedagogies that educational activists can use when working with any communities or groups who find themselves displaced or in adverse circumstances. Using embodied-interactive means (drama, interview, play, discussion) and multi-modal text (photovoice, filmmaking, digital design), CLV’s projects create deliberate spaces where activity-based language arts work “puts culture and language in the middle,” as resources for community power and change-making. This chapter highlights participatory CLV activity designs in the after-school workshop. Each of the techniques discussed in this chapter works to shift cultural power in two ways: (1) they create spaces and build community by articulating collective values and Funds of Knowledge; and (2) they offer relevant literacy tools, norms, and processes for creating collective projects and solving problems so participants can change the stories they are in.
An event generator for Lepton-Hadron deep inelastic scattering at NLO+PS with POWHEG including mass effects
Authors: Buonocore Luca , Limatola Giovanni , Nason Paolo , Tramontano Francesco 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present a generator for lepton nucleon collisions in the DIS regime, focusing in particular on processes with a massive lepton and/or a massive quark in the final state. We have built a full code matching NLO QCD corrections to parton shower Monte Carlo programs in the POWHEG-BOX framework. Our code can be used to compute NLO+PS accurate fully differential predictions for neutral current and charged current processes, including processes with an incoming tau neutrino, and/or including charm quarks in the final state. We also made comparisons with available data and predictions for the new neutrino experiments at CERN.
n-point functions in conformal quantum mechanics: a momentum space odyssey
Authors: K.S. Dhruva , Mazumdar Deep , Yadav Shivang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study the implications of conformal invariance in momentum space for correlation functions in quantum mechanics. We find that three point functions of arbitrary operators can be written in terms of the 2F1 hypergeometric function. We then show that generic four-point functions can be expressed in terms of Appell’s generalized hypergeometric function F2 with one undetermined parameter that plays the role of the conformal cross ratio in momentum space. We also construct momentum space conformal partial waves, which we compare with the Appell F2 representation. We test our expressions against free theory and DFF model correlators, finding an exact agreement. We then analyze five, six, and all higher point functions. We find, quite remarkably, that n-point functions can be expressed in terms of the Lauricella generalized hypergeometric function, EA, with n − 3 undetermined parameters, which is in one-to-one correspondence with the number of conformal cross ratios. This analysis provides the first instance of a closed form for generic momentum space conformal correlators in contrast to the situation in higher dimensions. Further, we show that the existence of multiple solutions to the momentum space Ward identities can be attributed to the Fourier transforms of the various possible time orderings. Finally, we extend our analysis to theories with $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1, 2 supersymmetry, where we find that the constraints due to the superconformal ward identities are identical to identities involving hypergeometric functions.
The cosmological switchback effect. Part II
Authors: Baiguera Stefano , Berman Rotem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Recent developments in static patch holography proposed that quantum gravity in de Sitter space admits a dual description in terms of a quantum mechanical theory living on a timelike surface near the cosmological horizon. In parallel, geometric observables associated with the Einstein-Rosen bridge of a black hole background were suggested to compute the computational complexity of the state dual to a gravitational theory. In this work, we pursue the study of the complexity=volume and complexity=action conjectures in a Schwarzschild-de Sitter geometry perturbed by the insertion of a shockwave at finite boundary times. This analysis extends previous studies that focused either on the complexity=volume 2.0 conjecture, or on the case of a shockwave inserted along the cosmological horizon. We show that the switchback effect, describing the delay in the evolution of complexity in reaction to a perturbation, is a universal feature of the complexity proposals in asymptotically de Sitter space. The geometric origin of this phenomenon is related to the causal connection between the static patches of de Sitter space when a positive pulse of null energy is inserted in the geometry.
Modular forms and hierarchical Yukawa couplings in heterotic Calabi-Yau compactifications
Authors: Ishiguro Keiya , Kobayashi Tatsuo , Nishimura Satsuki , Otsuka Hajime 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the modular symmetry in heterotic string theory on Calabi-Yau threefolds. In particular, we examine whether moduli-dependent holomorphic Yukawa couplings are described by modular forms in the context of heterotic string theory with standard embedding. We find that SL(2, ℤ) modular symmetry emerges in asymptotic regions of the Calabi-Yau moduli space. The instanton-corrected holomorphic Yukawa couplings are then given by modular forms under SL(2, ℤ) or its congruence subgroups such as Γ0(3) and Γ0(4). In addition to the modular symmetry, it turns out that another coupling selection rule controls the structure of holomorphic Yukawa couplings. Furthermore, the coexistence of both the positive and negative modular weights for matter fields leads to a hierarchical structure of matter field Kähler metric. Thus, these holomorphic modular forms and the matter field Kähler metric play an important role in realizing a hierarchical structure of physical Yukawa couplings.
Twisted circle compactification of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM and its holographic dual
Authors: Kumar S. Prem , Stuardo Ricardo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We consider a compactification of 4D $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM, with SU(N) gauge group, on a circle with anti-periodic boundary conditions for the fermions. We couple the theory to a constant background gauge field along the circle for an abelian subgroup of the R-symmetry which allows to preserve four supersymmetries. The 3D effective theory exhibits gapped and ungapped phases, which we argue are holographically dual, respectively, to a supersymmetric soliton in AdS5 × S5, and a particular quotient of AdS5 × S5. The gapped phase corresponds to an IR 3D $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory at level N, while the ungapped phase is naturally identified with the root of a Higgs branch in the 3D theory. We discuss the extension of the twisting procedure to maximally SUSY Yang-Mills theories in different dimensions, obtaining the relevant duals for 2D and 6D, and comment on the odd dimensional cases.
Exploration and genetic analyses of canopy leaf pigmentation changes in soybean (Glycine max L.): unveiling a novel phenotype
Authors: You Hee Jin , Jo Hyun , Kim Ji-Min , Kang Sung-Taeg , Luong Ngoc Ha , Kim Yeong-Ho , Lee Sungwoo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Key message
Pigmentation changes in canopy leaves were first reported, and subsequent genetic analyses identified a major QTL associated with levels of pigmentation changes, suggesting Glyma.06G202300 as a candidate gene.

Abstract
An unexpected reddish-purple pigmentation in upper canopy leaves was discovered during the late reproductive stages in soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes. Two sensitive genotypes, ‘Uram’ and PI 96983, exhibited anomalous canopy leaf pigmentation changes (CLPC), while ‘Daepung’ did not. The objectives of this study were to: (i) characterize the physiological features of pigmented canopy leaves compared with non-pigmented leaves, (ii) evaluate phenotypic variation in a combined recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (N = 169 RILs) under field conditions, and (iii) genetically identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for CLPC via joint population linkage analysis. Comparison between pigmented and normal leaves revealed different Fv/Fm of photosystem II, hyperspectral reflectance, and cellular properties, suggesting the pigmentation changes occur in response to an undefined abiotic stress. A highly significant QTL was identified on chromosome 6, explaining ~ 62.8% of phenotypic variance. Based on the QTL result, Glyma.06G202300 encoding flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) was identified as a candidate gene. In both Uram and PI 96983, a 1-bp deletion was confirmed in the third exon of Glyma.06G202300 that results in a premature stop codon in both Uram and PI 96983 and a truncated F3′H protein lacking important domains. Additionally, gene expression analyses uncovered significant differences between pigmented and non-pigmented leaves. This is the first report of a novel symptom and an associated major QTL. These results will provide soybean geneticists and breeders with valuable knowledge regarding physiological changes that may affect soybean production. Further studies are required to elucidate the causal environmental stress and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Ageing well with diabetes: the role of technology
Authors: Maltese Giuseppe , McAuley Sybil A. , Trawley Steven , Sinclair Alan J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver the past two decades there has been a substantial rise in the adoption of diabetes therapeutic technology among children, adolescents and younger adults with type 1 diabetes, and its use is now also advocated for older individuals. Older people with diabetes are more prone to experience hypoglycaemia because of numerous predisposing factors and are at higher risk of hypoglycaemic events requiring third-party assistance as well as other adverse sequelae. Hypoglycaemia may also have long-term consequences, including cognitive impairment, frailty and disability. Diabetes in older people is often characterised by marked glucose variability related to age-associated changes such as variable appetite and levels of physical activity, comorbidities and polypharmacotherapy. Preventing hypoglycaemia and mitigating glucose excursions may have considerable positive impacts on physical and cognitive function and general well-being and may even prevent or improve frailty. Technology for older people includes continuous glucose monitoring systems, insulin pumps, automated insulin delivery systems and smart insulin pens. Clinical trials and real-world studies have shown that older people with diabetes benefit from technology in terms of glucose management, reductions in hypoglycaemic events, emergency department attendance and hospital admissions, and improvement in quality of life. However, ageing may bring physical impairments and other challenges that hinder the use of technology. Healthcare professionals should identify older adults with diabetes who may benefit from therapeutic technology and then adopt an individualised approach to education and follow-up for individuals and their caregivers. Future research should explore the impact of diabetes technology on outcomes relevant to older people with diabetes.
Graphical Abstract
Elevations in plasma glucagon are associated with reduced insulin clearance after ingestion of a mixed-macronutrient meal in people with and without type 2 diabetes
Authors: Smith Kieran , Taylor Guy S. , Peeters Wouter , Walker Mark , Perazzolo Simone , Atabaki-Pasdar Naeimeh , Bowden Davies Kelly A. , Karpe Fredrik , Hodson Leanne , Stevenson Emma J. , West Daniel J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The temporal suppression of insulin clearance after glucose ingestion is a key determinant of glucose tolerance for people without type 2 diabetes. Whether similar adaptations are observed after the ingestion of a mixed-macronutrient meal is unclear.

Methods
In a secondary analysis of data derived from two randomised, controlled trials, we studied the temporal responses of insulin clearance after the ingestion of a standardised breakfast meal consisting of cereal and milk in lean normoglycaemic individuals (n=12; Lean-NGT), normoglycaemic individuals with central obesity (n=11; Obese-NGT) and in people with type 2 diabetes (n=19). Pre-hepatic insulin secretion rates were determined by the deconvolution of C-peptide, and insulin clearance was calculated using a single-pool model. Insulin sensitivity was measured by an oral minimal model.

Results
There were divergent time course changes in insulin clearance between groups. In the Lean-NGT group, there was an immediate post-meal increase in insulin clearance compared with pre-meal values (p<0.05), whereas insulin clearance remained stable at baseline values in Obese-NGT or declined slightly in the type 2 diabetes group (p<0.05). The mean AUC for insulin clearance during the test was ~40% lower in the Obese-NGT (1.3 ± 0.4 l min−1 m−2) and type 2 diabetes (1.4 ± 0.7 l min−1 m−2) groups compared with Lean-NGT (1.9 ± 0.5 l min−1 m−2; p<0.01), with no difference between the Obese-NGT and type 2 diabetes groups. HOMA-IR and glucagon AUC emerged as predictors of insulin clearance AUC, independent of BMI, age or insulin sensitivity (adjusted R2=0.670). Individuals with increased glucagon AUC had a 40% reduction in insulin clearance AUC (~ −0.75 l min−1 m−2; p<0.001).

Conclusions/interpretation
The ingestion of a mixed-macronutrient meal augments differing temporal profiles in insulin clearance among individuals without type 2 diabetes, which is associated with HOMA-IR and the secretion of glucagon. Further research investigating the role of hepatic glucagon signalling in postprandial insulin kinetics is warranted.

Trial registration
ISRCTN17563146 and ISRCTN95281775

Graphical Abstract
Surrogate gradient methods for data-driven foundry energy consumption optimization
Authors: Chen Shikun , Kaufmann Tim , Martin Robert J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn many industrial applications, data-driven models are more and more commonly employed as an alternative to classical analytical descriptions or simulations. In particular, such models are often used to predict the outcome of an industrial process with respect to specific quality characteristics from both observed process parameters and control variables. A major step in proceeding from purely predictive to prescriptive analytics, i.e., towards leveraging data-driven models for process optimization, consists of, for given process parameters, determining control variable values such that the output quality improves according to the process model. This task naturally leads to a constrained optimization problem for data-driven prediction algorithms. In many cases, however, the best available models suffer from a lack of regularity: methods such as gradient boosting or random forests are generally non-differentiable and might even exhibit discontinuities. The optimization of these models would therefore require the use of derivative-free techniques. Here, we discuss the use of alternative, independently trained differentiable machine learning models as a surrogate during the optimization procedure. While these alternatives are generally less accurate representations of the actual process, the possibility of employing derivative-based optimization methods provides major advantages in terms of computational performance. Using classical benchmarks as well as a real-world dataset obtained from an industrial environment, we demonstrate that these advantages can outweigh the additional model error, especially in real-time applications.
Long-term co-occurrence and gregariousness in the migratory common stingray using network analysis
Authors: Kraft S. , Winkler A. C. , Abecasis D. , Mourier J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAggregations and social interactions play an important role in the movement ecology of many animals, including elasmobranchs. Several of these species have shown the capability of carrying out complex social behaviours, and the importance of sociality in this taxon is being realized. Although it is a growing field of study in the case of these organisms, these processes still need to be better understood, especially to support management and conservation policies. In this study, a long-term acoustic telemetry data set collected on Dasyatis pastinaca in a coastal marine protected area was analysed. A co-occurrence network analysis was done to investigate preferential associations among individuals, revealing non-random associations among them. The analysis revealed a few strong and consistent associations that were maintained across inter-migratory periods, as this species performs seasonal migrations to a nearby estuary, suggesting temporal stability of the observed associations. Moreover, individuals had similar average positions and a generally high overlap of space use in both periods, indicating some level of site fidelity to the fully protected area. Groups of up to 64% of tagged individuals were co-detected at a same receiver, particularly in the western side of the array. Despite our limited sample size, likely underestimating associations, these results show that in addition to their large-scale movement pattern, D. pastinaca is likely to also present active partner preference and spatial structure at a finer spatial scale. The nature of such results is relevant to support the protection of these species.
The relationship between MRI-detected hip abnormalities and hip pain in hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Fang Haonan , Zhang Xiaoyue , Wang Junjie , Xing Xing , Shen Ziyuan , Cai Guoqi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used in the classification and evaluation of osteoarthritis (OA). Many studies have focused on knee OA, investigating the association between MRI-detected knee structural abnormalities and knee pain. Hip OA differs from knee OA in many aspects, but little is known about the role of hip structural abnormalities in hip pain. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the association of hip abnormalities on MRI, such as cartilage defects, bone marrow lesions (BMLs), osteophytes, paralabral cysts, effusion-synovitis, and subchondral cysts, with hip pain. We searched electronic databases from inception to February 2024, to identify publications that reported data on the association between MRI features in the hip joint and hip pain. The quality of the included studies was scored using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The levels of evidence were evaluated according to the Cochrane Back Review Group Method Guidelines and classified into five levels: strong, moderate, limited, conflicting, and no evidence. A total of nine studies were included, comprising five cohort studies, three cross-sectional studies, and one case-control study. Moderate level of evidence suggested a positive association of the presence and change of BMLs with the severity and progress of hip pain, and evidence for the associations between other MRI features and hip pain were limited or even conflicting. Only a few studies with small to modest sample sizes evaluated the association between hip structural changes on MRI and hip pain. BMLs may contribute to the severity and progression of hip pain. Further studies are warranted to uncover the role of hip MRI abnormalities in hip pain. The protocol for the systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, CRD42023401233).
ESR Essentials: basic physics of MR safety—practice recommendations by the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology
Authors: Nordin Love Engström , Åberg Karin , Kihlberg Johan , Owman Titti , Hansson Boel , Björkman-Burtscher Isabella M. , Petersen Cecilia , Lundberg Peter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is safe from a long-term perspective since there are no known cumulative risks for patients or personnel. However, the technique comes with several acute risks associated with the powerful electromagnetic fields that are necessary to produce medical images. These risks include, among other things, a projectile hazard, loud noise, and the risk of heating. Safe use of MRI requires knowledge about the different hazards related to MRI and organizational structured work including the implementation of routines describing a safe workflow from the referral of a patient to the signed report. In this article, the risks associated with MRI are described along with suggestions for how each risk can be minimized or eliminated.

Conclusion
The aim of this article is to provide support for the development of, and compliance with, MRI safety routines, and to work with the technique in a safe way. The scope of this treatise does not cover specific details of implant safety, however, the physical principles described can be applied to the risk assessment of implants.

Key Points

Establish whether any MR contraindications apply to the patient.

Evaluate means to deal with identified risks for both patients and personnel.

It is imperative to always perform and document a risk-benefit assessment.
Runtime Analysis of Quality Diversity Algorithms
Authors: Bossek Jakob , Sudholt Dirk 
Published: August 2024

AbstractQuality diversity (QD) is a branch of evolutionary computation that gained increasing interest in recent years. The Map-Elites QD approach defines a feature space, i.e., a partition of the search space, and stores the best solution for each cell of this space. We study a simple QD algorithm in the context of pseudo-Boolean optimisation on the “number of ones” feature space, where the ith cell stores the best solution amongst those with a number of ones in $$[(i-1)k, ik-1]$$

[
(
i
-
1
)
k
,
i
k
-
1
]

. Here k is a granularity parameter $$1 \le k \le n+1$$

1
≤
k
≤
n
+
1

. We give a tight bound on the expected time until all cells are covered for arbitrary fitness functions and for all k and analyse the expected optimisation time of QD on OneMax and other problems whose structure aligns favourably with the feature space. On combinatorial problems we show that QD finds a $${(1-1/e)}$$

(
1
-
1
/
e
)

-approximation when maximising any monotone sub-modular function with a single uniform cardinality constraint efficiently. Defining the feature space as the number of connected components of an edge-weighted graph, we show that QD finds a minimum spanning forest in expected polynomial time. We further consider QD’s performance on classes of transformed functions in which the feature space is not well aligned with the problem. The asymptotic performance is unaffected by transformations on easy functions like OneMax. Applying a worst-case transformation to a deceptive problem increases the expected optimisation time from $$O(n^2 \log n)$$

O
(

n
2

log
n
)

to an exponential time. However, QD is still faster than a (1+1) EA by an exponential factor.