bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To make Florida answer to its name: John Ellis, Bernard Romans and the Atlantic science of British West Florida
Authors: MURPHY KATHLEEN S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAs the royal agent for British West Florida and an avid naturalist, John Ellis, FRS, took a keen interest in both the scientific and the commercial potential of the nascent colony. This article explores how Ellis and his West Floridian correspondent Bernard Romans illuminate the social and material practices of colonial science. In particular, it builds on recent scholarship to argue that new natural knowledge about West Florida did not simply circulate in the Atlantic World, but was in fact engendered by the movement of objects and ideas through the many circuits of transatlantic natural history and imperial administration. Foregrounding the Atlantic nature of such knowledge also raises questions about the limits of the categories of centre and periphery so frequently employed by historians of colonial science. Colonists such as Romans understood London to be just one centre amongst many and asserted their own epistemological claims, despite the asymmetries of power inherent to colonial science.
U–Pb and Sm–Nd geochronology of the Kızıldağ (Hatay, Turkey) ophiolite: implications for the timing and duration of suprasubduction zone type oceanic crust formation in the southern Neotethys
Authors: KARAOĞLAN FATIH , PARLAK OSMAN , KLÖTZLI URS , THÖNI MARTIN , KOLLER FRIEDRICH 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe Kızıldağ (Hatay) ophiolite in Turkey represents remnants of the southern Neotethyan ocean and is characterized by a complete ocean lithospheric section. It formed in a fore-arc setting above a N-dipping intraoceanic subduction zone, and represents the undeformed, more northerly part of the same thrust sheet that also forms the Baer–Bassit ophiolite to the south. The ophiolite was emplaced southwards from the southerly Neotethyan ocean in Maastrichtian time. U–Pb and Sm–Nd dates are used to constrain the crystallization age and duration of magmatic activity of the Kızıldağ ophiolite. U–Pb dating yielded ages of 91.7 ± 1.9 Ma for a plagiogranite and 91.6 ± 3.8 Ma for a cumulate gabbro. The cumulate gabbro also yielded a Sm–Nd isochron age of 95.3 ± 6.9 Ma. The measured ages suggest that the oceanic crust of the Kızıldağ ophiolite formed in a maximum time period of 6 Ma, and that the plagiogranite may have formed later than the gabbroic section. The U–Pb zircon ages from the Kızıldağ ophiolite and the cooling age of a metamorphic sole beneath the Baer–Bassit ophiolite are indistinguishable within the analytical uncertainties. This indicates the presence of young and hot oceanic lithosphere at the time of intraoceanic subduction/thrusting in the southern Neotethys. The U–Pb zircon ages from the Kızıldağ, the Troodos and the Semail ophiolites overlap within analytical uncertainties, suggesting that these ophiolites are contemporaneous and genetically and tectonically related within the same Late Cretaceous southern Neotethyan ocean.
A horseshoe crab (Arthropoda: Chelicerata: Xiphosura) from the Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) of Yunnan, China
Authors: LAMSDELL JAMES C. , XUE JINZHUANG , SELDEN PAUL A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA single specimen of a new species of the synziphosurineKasibelinurusPickett, 1993 is described from the Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) Xiaxishancun Formation of Yunnan Province, China. The new species,K. yueyasp. nov., extends the geographic extent of the family Kasibelinuridae from the Australian palaeocontinent to the South China palaeocontinent, and the stratigraphic range back some 50 Ma from Late to Early Devonian.
Dust-ion-acoustic shock waves in a two-electron-temperature dusty plasma
Authors: MASUD M. M. , ASADUZZAMAN M. , MAMUN A. A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractProperties of dust-ion-acoustic shock waves (DIASWs) in an unmagnetized dusty plasma (containing inertial ions, Maxwellian electrons with two distinctive temperatures and negatively charged immobile dust) are investigated. The hydrodynamic equation for inertial ions has been used to derive the Burgers equation. The effects of two-electron-temperature and ion kinematic viscosity, which are found to significantly modify the basic features of the DIASWs, are discussed.
DGPS Enhancement to GPS NMEA Output Data: DGPS by Correction Projection to Position-Domain
Authors: Park Byungwoon , Lee Jeongkeun , Kim Younsil , Yun Ho , Kee Changdon 
Published: October 2012

Most Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) correction formats are based on range information, and thus typical DGPS systems can be implemented only on correction message-readable or raw observable-providing devices. There is no other way to improve an already-calculated position than a ‘block shift technique’, which has a very limited applicability. This paper suggests an algorithm to project measurement correction directly to position domain data without requiring raw pseudorange data. By post-processing methodology, we evaluated the performance of our new algorithm compared to conventional DGPS, which requires raw pseudorange data; the observed difference between them was only 0·1 mm . The proposed correction projection algorithm can be used with commercial off-the-shelf receivers that provide National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) format data. Our testing with a U-blox LEA-5H receiver resulted in a drastic reduction of horizontal Root Mean Square (RMS) error from 4·75 m to 1·09 m.
Impaired Decision-Making as a Young Adult Outcome of Girls Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Childhood
Authors: Miller Meghan , Sheridan Margaret , Cardoos Stephanie L. , Hinshaw Stephen P. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe examined decision-making in young adulthood in a follow-up study of females diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) between 6 and 12 years. Participants with childhood ADHD (n = 114) and matched comparison females (n = 77), followed prospectively for 10 years, performed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) at ages 17–25 years. This task assesses preference for high-reward/high-risk chances that result in lower overall gains (disadvantageous decks of cards) compared to low-reward/low-risk chances that result in higher overall gains (advantageous decks of cards). Relative to comparison participants, young adult females with a history of ADHD did not increase their preference for advantageous decks across time blocks, suggesting difficulties in learning to change behavior over the course of the IGT. Overall, childhood diagnoses of ADHD were associated with disadvantageous decision-making in young adulthood. These results extend findings on decision-making in males with ADHD by demonstrating comparable levels of impairment in an all-female sample. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–5)
Genetic variability and interrelationships of phenological, physicochemical and cooking quality traits in chickpea
Authors: Tripathi Shailesh , Sridhar Vindla , Jukanti Aravind K. , Suresh Kamatam , Rao B. V. , Gowda C. L. L. , Gaur Pooran M. 
Published: October 2012

Eighty-six chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes, including 44 Kabuli type and 42 Desi type, were evaluated for their phenological, physicochemical and cooking quality traits. There were significant differences among the genotypes for days to 50% flowering (34–81 d), days to maturity (85–122 d), number of pods per plant (13–66), number of seeds per plant (15–85), 100-seed weight (10.5–58.6 g), seed yield (561–1852 kg/ha), hydration capacity (0.11–0.68 g water/seed), hydration index (0.80–1.21), swelling capacity (0.11–0.7 ml/seed), seed volume (0.1–0.52 ml/seed) and cooking time (38–125 min). The Desi and Kabuli types of chickpea differed significantly from each other for all the traits except for hydration index, swelling index and cooking time. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for 100-seed weight, hydration capacity, swelling capacity and seed volume in both Desi and Kabuli genotypes. Seed size (100-seed weight and seed volume) showed significant positive correlations with hydration capacity and swelling capacity. Cooking time did not show any significant positive or negative correlation with any of the traits studied, including seed size, indicating that other additional factors may be involved in controlling cooking time. The results of this study indicate that it is possible to develop cultivars with faster cooking time in both Kabuli and Desi types and in all seed size categories.
Changes in thermospheric temperature induced by high‐speed solar wind streams
Authors: Gardner Larry , Sojka Jan J. , Schunk Robert W. , Heelis Rod 
Published: October 2012

During high‐speed stream (HSS) events the solar wind speed increases, and the cross polar cap potential increases, leading to increased Joule heating at high latitudes. The heat input at high latitudes heats the polar regions, which then conducts to lower latitudes, producing global heating. The heating occurs during the risetime of the cross polar cap potential and throughout the period of high cross polar cap potential as seen in our simulation. These simulations are performed using the Utah State University global thermosphere model driven by Joule heating rates that are consistent with electric fields observed by DMSP‐15 observations of HSS events. Cooling occurs as the cross polar cap potential decreases and continues for several days after the cross polar cap potential has returned to background values. Polar cap ionospheric observations are compared to model simulations of heating and cooling, providing evidence that the thermospheric model is capturing the HSS energy input and the post‐HSS multiday return to pre‐HSS conditions. The HSS heating can be as high as 100 K (as seen from both the model and the data) at high latitudes, with a corresponding, but lower, global increase in thermospheric temperature.
A novel transcriptional regulator, Sll1130, negatively regulates heat-responsive genes in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803
Authors: Krishna Pilla Sankara , Rani Balaga Radha , Mohan M. Karthik , Suzuki Iwane , Shivaji Sisinthy , Prakash Jogadhenu S. S. 
Published: October 2012

A conserved hypothetical protein, Sll1130, is a novel transcription factor that regulates the expression of major heat-responsive genes in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Synechocystis exhibited an increased thermotolerance due to disruption of sll1130. Δsll1130 cells recovered much faster than wild-type cells after they were subjected to heat shock (50°C) for 30 min followed by recovery at 34°C for 48 h. In Δsll1130 cultures, 70% of the cells were viable compared with the wild-type culture in which only 30% of the cells were viable. DNA microarray analysis revealed that in Δsll1130, expression of the heat-responsive genes such as htpG, hspA, isiA, isiB and several hypothetical genes were up-regulated. Sll1130 binds to a conserved inverted-repeat (GGCGATCGCC) located in the upstream region of the above genes. In addition, both the transcript and protein levels of sll1130 were immediately down-regulated upon shift of wild-type cells from 34 to 42°C. Collectively the results of the present study suggest that Sll1130 is a heat-responsive transcriptional regulator that represses the expression of certain heat-inducible genes at optimum growth temperatures. Upon heat shock, a quick drop in the Sll1130 levels leads to de-repression of the heat-shock genes and subsequent thermal acclimation. On the basis of the findings of the present study, we present a model which describes the heat-shock response involving Sll1130.
N-Myristoylation is essential for protein phosphatases PPM1A and PPM1B to dephosphorylate their physiological substrates in cells
Authors: Chida Toko , Ando Masakatsu , Matsuki Tasuku , Masu Yutaro , Nagaura Yuko , Takano-Yamamoto Teruko , Tamura Shinri , Kobayashi Takayasu 
Published: October 2012

PPM [metal-dependent protein phosphatase, formerly called PP2C (protein phosphatase 2C)] family members play essential roles in regulating a variety of signalling pathways. While searching for protein phosphatase(s) that act on AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), we found that PPM1A and PPM1B are N-myristoylated and that this modification is essential for their ability to dephosphorylate the α subunit of AMPK (AMPKα) in cells. N-Myristoylation was also required for two other functions of PPM1A and PPM1B in cells. Although a non-myristoylated mutation (G2A) of PPM1A and PPM1B prevented membrane association, this relocalization did not likely cause the decreased activity towards AMPKα. In in vitro experiments, the G2A mutants exhibited reduced activities towards AMPKα, but much higher specific activity against an artificial substrate, PNPP (p-nitrophenyl phosphate), compared with the wild-type counterparts. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that N-myristoylation of PPM1A and PPM1B plays a key role in recognition of their physiological substrates in cells.
Sulfur record of rising and falling marine oxygen and sulfate levels during the Lomagundi event
Authors: Planavsky Noah J. , Bekker Andrey , Hofmann Axel , Owens Jeremy D. , Lyons Timothy W. 
Published: October 2012

Carbonates from approximately 2.3–2.1 billion years ago show markedly positive δ
13
C values commonly reaching and sometimes exceeding +10‰. Traditional interpretation of these positive δ
13
C values favors greatly enhanced organic carbon burial on a global scale, although other researchers have invoked widespread methanogenesis within the sediments. To resolve between these competing models and, more generally, among the mechanisms behind Earth’s most dramatic carbon isotope event, we obtained coupled stable isotope data for carbonate carbon and carbonate-associated sulfate (CAS). CAS from the Lomagundi interval shows a narrow range of δ
34
S values and concentrations much like those of Phanerozoic and modern marine carbonate rocks. The δ
34
S values are a close match to those of coeval sulfate evaporites and likely reflect seawater composition. These observations are inconsistent with the idea of diagenetic carbonate formation in the methanic zone. Toward the end of the carbon isotope excursion there is an increase in the δ
34
S values of CAS. We propose that these trends in C and S isotope values track the isotopic evolution of seawater sulfate and reflect an increase in pyrite burial and a crash in the marine sulfate reservoir during ocean deoxygenation in the waning stages of the positive carbon isotope excursion.
Numerical analysis of magnetic nanoparticle transport in microfluidic systems under the influence of permanent magnets
Authors: Cao Quanliang , Han Xiaotao , Li Liang 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A finite element technique was employed for analysing the transport behaviour of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) under the gradient magnetic field generated by rectangular permanent magnets with different configurations. To predict the exact particle dynamic behaviour, the governing non-linear differential equations, Navier–Stokes and convection–diffusion were coupled with the magnetic field equation. The MNP concentration distribution was calculated and taken as an evaluation parameter to show where MNPs are preferentially captured in a microchannel. Since the dynamic behaviour of MNPs in the flow was dependent on the competition between magnetic and fluidic forces, the effects of the flow velocity and magnetic field strength on the MNP concentration distribution were analysed. Meanwhile, the effects of magnetic design parameters for permanent magnets on the magnetic force and MNP concentration distribution were analysed. Results showed that the MNP concentration in the capture region increased with magnetic field strength and decreased with increasing flow velocity. And the shape and position of the high concentration regions were related to the applied inlet velocity, magnetic field strength, geometry of the magnets and the orientation of the remanent flux density. The simulations performed can be used as a tool for the design and optimization of millimetre-sized rectangular magnets for developing efficient lab-on-a-chip systems.
Electrical properties of novel three-phase polymer nanocomposites with a high dielectric constant
Authors: Goyal R K , Kulkarni A B 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Novel three-phase poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/lead zirconate titanate (PZT)/expanded graphite (EG) nanocomposites were prepared using the solution method followed by hot pressing. The loading of PZT powder was varied from 0 to 85 wt% (∼57 vol%) in the PVDF matrix. Scanning electron microscopy revealed uniform dispersion of PZT particles in the matrix. X-ray diffraction showed the presence of α-phase of PVDF in the nanocomposites. Dielectric constant of the 80 wt% (C-80) composites increased to approximately 57 and it was further increased to approximately 192, 237 and 842 for the C-80 nanocomposites containing additional EG content of 0.25 wt%, 0.50 wt% and 0.75 wt%, respectively. However, it decreased with increasing frequency. The electrical conductivity and dissipation factor also increased significantly with increasing content of EG. Various theoretical models were used to rationalize the dielectric behaviour of binary composites.
Sebaceous‐like clear cell changes in primary lung cancer
Authors: Matsukuma Susumu , Obara Kiyohaya , Kono Takako , Takeo Hiroaki , Sato Kimiya 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe examined two cases of primary lung cancer with sebaceous‐like clear cells (SLCCs), defined as clear carcinoma cells with microvacuolated cytoplasm and centrally located nuclei, which were selected from among 281 surgical/autopsy cases of lung cancer (2/281, 0.7%). Both cases were higher stage (stage IIA and IIIA), and SLCCs were intermingled with adenocarcinoma cells of usual type. They showed minute mucin staining, no evidence of glycogen, diffuse positivity for epithelial membrane antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen, focal positivity for thyroid transcription factor‐1, and negativity for Napsin A and gross cystic disease fluid protein‐15. Oil red O stain and ultrastructural examination in both cases failed to reveal lipid in SLCCs. SLCCs could represent non‐specific changes of lung adenocarcinoma with a relatively advanced stage, and should be discriminated from true sebaceous differentiation.
Changes in perioperative management of radical prostatectomy using clinical pathways according to a standardized care plan: A multi‐institutional study
Authors: Okamura Kikuo , Nojiri Yoshikatsu , Tanaka Yoshinori , Nagae Hiroshi , Arai Yoichi , Matsuda Tadashi , Hattori Ryohei , Hashine Katsuyoshi , Naito Seiji , Hasegawa Tomonori 
Published: October 2012

ObjectivesTo improve the perioperative care for radical prostatectomy patients at a multi‐institutional level and practice.MethodsA prospective multi‐institutional study involving 50 hospitals was carried out in cooperation with the Japanese Society of Endourology. As the first step, a consensus meeting was held to establish a standardized perioperative care plan. Second, the clinical pathways were individually developed and revised according to the standardized care plan in each of the participating hospitals. Patterns of perioperative care, including preoperative hospital stay, resuming meals and ambulation, removal of pelvic drain and urethral catheter, antimicrobial administration, and postoperative hospital stay, were compared before (2007) and after developing/revising pathways (2009). Furthermore, actual practice and complications before and after implementing the pathways were investigated.ResultsExcept for resuming ambulation, all perioperative pathways were significantly shortened with the adoption of the newly defined clinical pathway (P < 0.001). Furthermore, all settings except for postoperative hospital stay significantly decreased in terms of variance (P < 0.002). In 2009, the overall complication rate significantly decreased (P < 0.001), and all of the outcomes except urethral catheter removal were also significantly shortened (P ≤ 0.008) and decreased in variance after implementation of the new pathways (P ≤ 0.006). In multivariate analyses, implementation of the refined clinical pathways was an important factor to improve perioperative care.ConclusionsWhen standardized goals in perioperative care are recommended to hospitals and care plans are developed/revised in individual hospitals, both settings and practice are significantly improved. It is to be investigated whether a similar intervention could be useful to achieve a standardization of surgical pathway for other diseases.
Anatomic single‐bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in Asian population
Authors: Sun Luning , Zhao Jinzhong , Shen Jirong , Du Bin , Yuan Bin 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundNon‐anatomic tunnel placement, which leads to failure in double‐bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), has focused greater attention on single‐bundle ACL reconstruction. However, single‐bundle ACL with 2‐ to 4‐strand autogenous hamstring tendon graft always showed weak graft strength.MethodsTo solve this problem, single‐bundle ACL with 6‐strand autogenous hamstring tendon graft was performed on 32 Asian patients in this study. At 24 months post‐operatively, all patients were evaluated with Lysholm knee scores, Tegner activity level and KT‐1000 examinations.ResultsThe results demonstrated that no patients showed knee extension limitation. Of the 32 patients, there were 26 negative and 6 positive 1° in Lachman test; 31 negative and 1 positive 1° in pivot‐shift test. There were four patients with a 5° flexion limitation. The median Lysholm score increased from 45 preoperatively to 92 post‐operatively (P < 0.001). The median Tegner sport level score increased from 1 preoperatively to 4 post‐operatively (P < 0.001). KT‐1000 examination revealed that the median anterior laxity at 25° of flexion was 6.3 mm preoperatively and 1.7 mm post‐operatively (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe data showed that arthroscopic central anatomic single‐bundle ACL reconstruction with 6‐strand autogenous hamstring tendon graft is a reliable method to restore stabilization and function of the knee.
Mortality rates after surgery in New South Wales
Authors: Harris Ian , Madan Aman , Naylor Justine , Chong Shanley 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundStudies have been conducted to determine 30‐day and 365‐day mortality rates after surgical procedures in different regions; however, there is a lack of data for mortality rates in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The aim of this study was to determine 30‐day and 365‐day post‐operative mortality rates after selected common operations performed in NSW.MethodsUsing the Centre for Health Record Linkage, we linked the NSW Admitted Patient Data Collection with the NSW Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages and Australian Bureau of Statistics to retrospectively calculate 30‐day and 365‐day post‐operative mortality rates for 21 selected surgical procedures between 2000 and 2009. One year (365 days) standardized mortality ratios, and proportion of public and private hospital admissions and mortality, were calculated for each procedure.ResultsThirty‐day mortality was lower than in previous studies for femur fracture fixation (3.7%), cervical spine fusion (0.8%), prostatectomy (0.2%), coronary valve replacement (4.2%), pulmonary resection (2.5%), bariatric surgery (0.07%) and pancreaticoduodenectomy (6.2%). Thirty‐day mortality was higher than previously reported for abdominal aortic aneurysm (12.6%) and tonsillectomy (0.02%). One‐year mortality rates ranged from 0.2% for tonsillectomy and bariatric surgery, to 24.6% for hip fracture fixation.ConclusionsThirty‐day mortality rates in NSW are similar, if not lower for most procedures when compared with rates reported in other studies. The reported mortality rates for each procedure allow clinicians and patients to be more informed of surgical risks.