bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hdl Redox Activity is Increased in HIV-Infected Men in Association with Macrophage Activation and Non-Calcified Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque
Authors: Zanni Markella V , Kelesidis Theodoros , Fitzgerald Michael L , Lo Janet , Abbara Suhny , Wai Bryan , Marmarelis Eleni , Hernandez Nicholas J , Yang Otto O , Currier Judith S , Grinspoon Steven K 
Published: February 2014

Background HIV is associated with atherosclerosis and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL). With inflammation, HDL becomes dysfunctional. We previously showed that proinflammatory HDL has high HDL redox activity (HRA). In this study, we compare HRA in HIV-infected versus non-HIV-infected subjects and relate HRA to indices of macrophage activation and cardiovascular disease risk. Methods 102 HIV-infected subjects and 41 matched non-HIV controls without clinical cardiovascular disease underwent coronary CT angiography (CTA) and testing for immune/inflammatory biomarkers. The effect of purified HDL from each study subject on the oxidation rate of dihydrorhodamine-123 (DOR) was normalized to the DOR of pooled HDL from healthy subjects. The normalized ratio DOR subject/DOR pooled was used as a measure of HRA, with higher HRA suggesting dysfunctional HDL. Results HRA was higher in HIV-infected versus non-HIV subjects (1.4 ±0.01 versus 1.3 ±0.01, P=0.03). In multivariate modelling for HRA among all subjects, HIV status remained positively related to HRA ( P=0.02), even after controlling for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, comorbid conditions and immune activation. Among HIV-infected subjects, HRA correlated inversely with HDL (rho=-0.32, P=0.002) and log adiponectin (r=-0.28, P=0.006), and correlated positively with log sCD163 (r=0.24, P=0.02) – a monocyte/macrophage activation marker – and with the percentage of non-calcified coronary atherosclerotic plaque (r=0.29, P=0.03). sCD163 remained significantly associated with HRA in multivariate modelling among HIV-infected subjects ( P=0.03). Conclusions These data demonstrate increased HRA among HIV-infected subjects versus matched non-HIV subjects with comparable HDL levels. In HIV-infected subjects, HRA relates to macrophage activation and to non-calcified coronary atherosclerotic plaque, which may be rupture-prone. Further studies are needed in HIV-infected patients to elucidate the interplay between immune activation, HDL function and CVD risk. Clinical trial registration number: NCT 00455793.
Les listes de confiance
Authors: Quiviger Pierre-Yves 
Published: February 2014

On attribue fréquemment à Sieyès la création des « listes de notabilité » qui ont marqué la période napoléonienne. En partant de la conception du suffrage développée par Sieyès dans ses projets constitutionnels de l’an VIII, on montre que la notion de confiance ne doit pas être confondue avec celle de notabilité. Sieyès permet ainsi de comprendre les phénomènes d’euphémisation propres à la perception contemporaine du suffrage, vu comme désormais universel et dénué de médiation, alors que le phénomène des partis politiques, d’une part, et la persistance d’un décalage entre habitants et votants d’autre part, consacre une pratique du suffrage moins éloignée des projets siéyèsiens qu’on ne pourrait le penser.
Iranian Nurses’ Experience With Applying Information From Continuing Education Programs in Clinical Practice
Authors: Nayeri Nahid Dehghan , Khosravi Laleh 
Published: February 2014

Background:
One goal of continuing education is to improve nurses’ performance and the quality of patient care. However, in most cases, nurses do not use the information gained through continuing education in the clinical environment. This study was conducted to explore nurses’ experiences with applying new knowledge obtained from these programs in clinical settings.

Methods:
This study used qualitative content analysis. Data were gathered through interviews with participants. After the interviews were transcribed, a coding process was used and continued until categories and subcategories were developed.

Results:
Five main categories emerged: (1) personal interest and self-confidence; (2) organizational structure and atmosphere; (3) professional nature; (4) opportunity to put education into practice; and (5) design of educational programs. Most of the nurses considered obligatory participation in these classes a way to gain annual educational upgrades.

Conclusion:
A considerable amount of the annual budget is allocated to continuing education. Therefore, the findings of this study, which described nurses’ experience with applying what they learned through continuing education in clinical practice, can offer valuable information to help managers improve continuing education programs and the application of new knowledge in the clinical environment.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2013;44(12):564–572.
Evaluating Nurses’ Knowledge of Chemotherapy
Authors: Yu Hui-Yun , Yu Shu , Chen I-Ju , Wang Kai-Wei K. , Tang Fu-In 
Published: February 2014

Background:
The characteristics of the drugs that are used in chemotherapy have given rise to many issues, one of which is whether nurses are competent when working with chemotherapy.

Methods:
Nurses’ knowledge of chemotherapy was evaluated with a questionnaire that included 20 true-or-false questions. The questionnaire was developed from literature and expert input and validated by subject experts (content validity). A pilot study (contrasted-groups approach) was also conducted.

Results:
A total of 203 nurses participated in the study and achieved an average overall correct answer rate of 60.9%. Most of the respondents, 63.5% (129 of 203), had a score of less than 70, and 77.3% (157 of 203) hoped to undergo more training on chemotherapy. Their knowledge of chemotherapy came mainly from consultation with colleagues (4.0 ± 0.8) and in-hospital continuing education (3.9 ± 0.8).

Conclusion:
The evidence-based results suggested that nurses have insufficient knowledge about chemotherapy. More fundamentally, however, nurses need more education about chemotherapy in nursing school and through in-hospital continuing education.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2013;44(12):553–563.
Newly Qualified South African Nurses’ Lived Experience of the Transition From Student to Community Service Nurse: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Roziers Reinette L. , Kyriacos Una , Ramugondo Elelwani L. 
Published: February 2014

Background:
This study attempted to fill a gap in the published South African literature regarding newly qualified nurses’ preparedness for and experience of role transition to a 1-year compulsory commitment of community service nurse.

Methods:
Husserlian descriptive phenomenology, characterized by inductive extraction of units of meaning from transcribed audiotaped recordings, was used to establish the “essence” of the lived experience of role transition. Data were collected from eight participants through two semistructured individual interviews: in July 2011, 2 weeks before the start of community service, and in September 2011, 6 weeks after community service placement.

Results:
Findings showed that before placement, participants experienced a sense of achievement in having successfully completed a 4-year diploma program. However, they also experienced uncertainty and fear about the immediate future. In the first month after placement, community service nurses experienced reality shock.

Conclusion:
Preparation for the role transition from student nurse to graduate community service nurse requires a 4-year structured program that includes training in conflict management, assertiveness, and practical ethics.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2014;45(2):91–100.
Perceived Facilitators and Barriers to Baccalaureate Degree Completion Among Registered Nurses With an Associate's Degree
Authors: Schwarz Laura Marie , Leibold Nancyruth 
Published: February 2014

Background:A strong movement is underway in the United States to increase the percentage of baccalaureate-prepared registered nurses (RNs). However, the percentage of associate's-prepared RNs who go on to pursue baccalaureate education remains low. The authors sought to determine facilitators and barriers that associate's-prepared RNs experience in progressing toward baccalaureate nursing education.Method:A convenience sample (n= 81) of associate's-prepared RNs was used to collect data on perceived facilitators and barriers to progression toward baccalaureate nursing education.Results:Facilitators included a desire for personal growth, professional and career enhancement, programmatic and articulation friendliness, and encouragement by others. Barriers included family and job constraints, financial concerns, and lack of differential treatment between associate's-prepared RNs and baccalaureate-prepared RNs.Conclusion:Although at first glance the identification of four facilitators and three barriers may appear to indicate an advance toward progression to baccalaureate education, the magnitude of the barriers may outweigh that of the facilitators. Therefore, the magnitude of both facilitators and barriers is worthy of future study.J Contin Educ Nurs.2014;45(4):171–180.
The Potential Role of Resilience Education for Preventing Mental Health Problems for College Students
Authors: DeRosier Melissa E. , Frank Ellen , Schwartz Victor , Leary Kevin A. 
Published: February 2014

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Understand the various stressors experienced by college students.

2.
Learn how stress, resilience, and mental health in college are interrelated.

3.
Explore how resilience education can improve the mental health of college students.

The transition to college can be an exciting, albeit stressful, time in students’ lives, as many begin living apart from family and friends for the first time and must adapt to new and increasingly demanding academic, social, and financial pressures while adjusting to life in an unfamiliar environment. As a result of this transition, first-year college students tend to experience greater stress, anxiety, and psychological distress (eg, depression) relative to upperclassmen.
1
The extent to which students are able to cope with stressors during the first year of college has important implications not only for their social-emotional adjustment, but also for the likelihood of their academic success and persistence in postsecondary education.
2
Mindfulness Meditation for Increasing Resilience in College Students
Authors: Rogers Holly B. 
Published: February 2014

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Discuss the interplay between stress and resilience.

2.
Describe the unique characteristics of emerging adulthood.

3.
Describe the beneficial effect of mindfulness training on resilience.

Resilience, the ability to recover psychologically from stressful or traumatic events, is often discussed in the psychiatric literature in terms of an individual’s ability to recover from significant trauma. Much of the information about what builds or inhibits an individual’s resilience is based on research on people who have survived severe traumas or on animal models of severe trauma. However, in the world of college counseling, the emphasis is slightly different. Although there are certainly a number of college students presenting to student counseling centers who have survived horrific challenges, a much more common presentation is the student who is having trouble adapting to more-routine life events, such as failing in academic endeavors or being rejected by a love interest. Helping emerging adults (EAs) build the resilience they need to manage their day-to-day stresses is one of the core challenges for clinicians working with college students.
Sexuality and Chronic Illness
Authors: Steinke Elaine E. 
Published: February 2014

How to Obtain Contact Hours by Reading this Article

Instructions

1.2
contact hours will be awarded by Villanova University College of Nursing upon successful completion of this activity. A contact hour is a unit of measurement that denotes 60 minutes of an organized learning activity. This is a learner-based activity. Villanova University College of Nursing does not require submission of your answers to the quiz. A contact hour certificate will be awarded once you register, pay the registration fee, and complete the evaluation form online at
https://villanova.gosignmeup.com/dev_students.asp?action=browse&main=Nursing+Journals&misc=564
. To obtain contact hours you must:

1.
Read the article, “Sexuality and Chronic Illness” found on pages 18–27, carefully noting any tables and other illustrative materials that are included to enhance your knowledge and understanding of the content. Be sure to keep track of the amount of time (number of minutes) you spend reading the article and completing the quiz.

2.
Read and answer each question on the quiz. After completing all of the questions, compare your answers to those provided within this issue. If you have incorrect answers, return to the article for further study.

3.
Go to the Villanova website listed above to register for contact hour credit. You will be asked to provide your name; contact information; and a VISA, MasterCard, or Discover card number for payment of the $20.00 fee. Once you complete the online evaluation, a certificate will be automatically generated.

This activity is valid for continuing education credit until October 31, 2015.

Contact Hours
This activity is co-provided by Villanova University College of Nursing and SLACK Incorporated.
Villanova University College of Nursing is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Commission on Accreditation.

Activity Objectives

1.
Identify the sexual concerns and counseling needs of those with a chronic disease diagnosis related to cardiovascular conditions, pulmonary disorders, and cancer.

2.
Describe at least four specific sexual counseling strategies and two psychological concerns of patients and/or partners regarding sexuality.

Disclosure Statement
Neither the planners nor the author have any conflicts of interest to disclose.

Sexual function is often affected in individuals living with chronic illness and their partners, and multiple comorbidities increase the likelihood of sexual dysfunction. This review focuses on the areas of cardiovascular disease, respiratory conditions, and cancer, all areas for which there are practical, evidence-based strategies to guide sexual counseling. Although nurses have been reluctant to address the topic of sexuality in practice, a growing number of studies suggest that patients want nurses to address their concerns and provide resources to them. Thus, nurses must be proactive in initiating conversations on sexual issues to fill this gap in practice. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 39
(11), 18–27.]
Adherence to the AAOS Upper-extremity Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Matzon Jonas L. , Lutsky Kevin F. , Maloney Michael , Beredjiklian Pedro K. 
Published: February 2014

The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) recently developed several clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) involving upper-extremity conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adherence to these CPGs by members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH).
An e-mail containing a brief study description and access to the survey was sent to ASSH current and candidate members. The survey contained questions involving the existing upper-extremity AAOS CPGs: diagnosis and treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome, treatment of distal radius fractures, and treatment of glenohumeral arthritis. Overall, 469 responses were obtained, for a response rate of 32%. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the responses.
Members of ASSH do not universally adhere to the AAOS CPGs. For patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, 53% of respondents wait the recommended time to change nonoperative treatment after failure of a given modality, and 32% of respondents always order electrodiagnostic testing when considering surgery. Furthermore, 30% of respondents immobilize the wrist postoperatively. In regard to distal radius fractures, 11% of respondents always prescribe vitamin C after treatment, and 49% respondents never do so. However, ASSH members follow some of the recommendations. These include nighttime splinting (98%) and corticosteroid injections (85%) in the nonoperative treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. For distal radius fractures, almost 85% of respondents consider the suggested postreduction criteria when determining operative versus cast treatment. Further study is warranted to understand the reasons for and possible solutions to the inconsistent adherence to the AAOS CPGs.
Fixation of Multifragmentary Patella Fractures Using a Bilateral Fixed-angle Plate
Authors: Thelen Simon , Betsch Marcel , Schneppendahl Johannes , Grassmann Jan , Hakimi Mohssen , Eichler Christian , Windolf Joachim , Wild Michael 
Published: February 2014

This biomechanical study is the first to compare 3 fixation methods—bilateral fixed-angle plate, modified anterior tension wiring, and cannulated lag screws with anterior tension wiring—in multifragmentary distal patella fractures.
A T-shaped 3-part fracture simulating a multifragmentary articular distal patella fracture (AO/OTA 34-C2.2) was created in 18 human cadaver knee specimens. Three groups were created using homogenous ages and bone mineral densities based on the fixation method received. Repetitive testing over 100 cycles was performed by moving the knee against gravity from 90° flexion to full extension. Failure was defined as fracture displacement greater than 2 mm. In all patellae using fixed-angle plates, an anatomical fracture reduction could be maintained throughout cyclic testing, whereas anterior tension wiring and lag screws with tension wiring showed significant fracture displacement after 100 cycles, with mean fracture gaps of 2.0±1.3 and 1.9±1.6 mm, respectively. The differences in fracture gaps between the fixed-angle plate group and the other 2 groups were statistically significant. In both groups using tension wiring, half of the constructs (3 of 6 in each group) failed due to a fracture displacement greater than 2 mm. The bilateral fixed-angle plate was the only fixation method that sustainably stabilized a multifragmentary articular distal patella fracture during cyclic loading when compared with modified anterior tension wiring and cannulated lag screws with anterior tension wiring.
Periprosthetic Patellar Fracture Fixation Using Suture Anchors
Authors: Maniar Rajesh N. , Nayak Ravi M. , Vatchha Shahrookh , Singhi Tushar 
Published: February 2014

Treatment of type II periprosthetic patellar fractures presents difficulties in decision-making particularly when displacement is greater than 10 mm. Poor results have been reported with internal fixation, whereas conservative management has been associated with a high incidence of extensor lag. This article reports a patient with a displaced type II patellar fracture following total knee arthroplasty.
One month after undergoing total knee arthroplasty, a 72-year-old man presented to the emergency department with difficulty walking. Physical examination revealed an extensor lag with a palpable defect in the extensor mechanism. Radiographs showed a transverse, comminuted fracture through the distal third of the patella with a separation of approximately 15 mm. The patient underwent surgery, at which time the patellar component was found to be intact and well fixed to the proximal fragment. Three suture anchors were introduced into the proximal fragment through the fracture site. Tunnels were drilled in the distal fragment (through the fracture gap) corresponding to the location of the anchors; the sutures were threaded through these tunnels. Anatomical reduction was achieved with towel clips, and the sutures were tied at the distal pole. After the knots were tied, anatomical reduction was maintained, and the sutures were additionally used as cerclage around the patella. One year postoperatively, the fracture showed union, and the patient had good range of motion with no extensor lag. No patellar subluxation, avascular necrosis, or refracture occurred.
Distal Biceps Brachii Tendon Rupture Resulting in Acute Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Grandizio Louis C. , Suk Michael , Feltham Glen T. 
Published: February 2014

Distal biceps brachii tendon rupture is an uncommon injury. Compartment syndrome of the upper arm is rarely described in the literature. The diagnosis of upper arm compartment syndrome requires a high index of suspicion, and emergent surgical treatment with fasciotomy in the acute setting is necessary to avoid devastating neurovascular complications. This article reports a case of acute compartment syndrome of the anterior compartment of the upper arm after a complete rupture of the distal biceps brachii tendon.
A healthy 45-year-old man presented with increasing arm pain; paresthesia in the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve distribution; and a tense, swollen anterior compartment of his upper arm. Side port catheter absolute pressure measurement was 83 mm Hg with a diastolic blood pressure of 92 mm Hg. The patient underwent an emergent fasciotomy and was found to have a complete rupture of his distal biceps brachii tendon. He subsequently underwent distal biceps tendon repair and delayed primary closure of his incision. Postoperatively, his paresthesia improved and he has no neurological deficit.
There is a paucity of case reports describing compartment syndrome after rupture of either the proximal or distal end of the biceps brachii tendon, and none of the reports describe compartment syndrome of the upper arm after rupture of the distal biceps tendon. This article highlights an unusual complication of an uncommon injury and reviews diagnostic and treatment principles for the management of acute compartment syndrome of the upper arm.
Allograft Cortical Strut for Reconstruction of Space-occupying Bone Lesions
Authors: Tank Jason C. , Vignos Michael F. , Wetzel Robert J. , Weiner Scott D. 
Published: February 2014

Space-occupying bone lesions present orthopedic surgeons with clinical and operative challenges. Multiple reconstructive procedures have proven successful for small bone lesions but lack the structural support necessary for reconstruction of larger lesions. This study reports the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing excision and reconstruction of large bone lesions with allograft cortical struts without additional internal fixation.
This retrospective outcomes study reviewed patients who underwent surgical curettage and cortical strut allograft reconstruction of any space-occupying bone lesion. Clinical, surgical, and imaging data were collected. The primary outcome measures were lesion healing, graft incorporation, long-term pain, return to activity, and presence of complications/recurrences.
Seventeen patients met the inclusion criteria. At least partial lesion healing and allograft incorporation was identified in 15 of 17 lesions. Of the 15 patients who did not sustain a recurrence, only 1 did not return to full activities. Mean lesion volume was 107 cc. Average follow-up was 19.6 months. Two recurrences were identified, and no other major complications were identified.