bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambicultural ambassador between East and West
Authors: Ke Jie 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this article is to report the first part of a recent interview with Dr Ming-Jer Chen. He shares his values, beliefs and philosophies on life, business and scholarship, how these philosophies have shaped his approach to teaching, research and service and his strategies for making important career and professional decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
– This article is based on a recent interview with Dr Ming-Jer Chen.

Findings
– Dr Ming-Jer Chen's firm belief in the oneness (Fixed graphic 1) is reflected in his constant pursuit of “making the world smaller” by closing divides of various kinds. During his career journey, Dr Chen has applied the philosophy of “keeping a balanced and integrated view” to tackle professional and career challenges with the wisdom of an ambicultural perspective. Practices influenced by his East–West background include management education and decision-making, as well as teaching, research and professional services.

Research limitations/implications
– Dr Chen's unique life and career experiences make him a role model for those who intend to pursue a career in management research. His ambicultural insight and the “balanced and integrated view” he applies may help junior scholars in dealing with challenges in their professional lives.

Originality/value
– The interview profiles a thought leader and strategist in management research and education, whose experience and wisdom may enlighten junior scholars along their career paths.
Local government policies and pharmaceutical clusters in China
Authors: Yu Yuanyuan , Ma Zhiqiao , Hu Hao , Wang Yitao 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study how local government policy influences the structure of Chinese pharmaceutical clusters during their industrial catch-up.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper applies a case study method by targeting pharmaceutical clusters in Tonghua, Taizhou, and Tianjin.

Findings
– The varied structures of pharmaceutical clusters in China demonstrate local governments' efforts to utilize local resources accordingly. While the local governments in China introduce different policies to firms with different ownership in the process of constructing different cluster composition, all the local governments emphasize motivating the development of small- and middle-sized enterprises for cluster dynamics.

Practical implications
– The local governments should try to reach a balance between short-term foundation and long-term competitiveness for industrial cluster development.

Originality/value
– This paper provides the detailed analysis of local governments' influences on the formation of pharmaceutical clusters in China and helps to enrich the knowledge about how local government promotes industrial clusters to realize industrial catch-up through sectoral innovation system.
Heat transfer of convective MHD viscoelastic fluid along a moving inclined plate with power law surface temperature using finite element method
Authors: Poonia Minakshi , Bhargava R. 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to deal with the study of free convection magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscoelastic fluid along an inclined moving plate and heat transfer characteristics with prescribed quadratic power-law surface temperature.Design/methodology/approach– The governing partial differential equations are transformed into non-dimensional, non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically by robust Galerkin finite element method.Findings– Numerical results for the dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles are displayed graphically for various physical parameters such as viscoelasticity, Prandtl number, angle of inclination parameter, magnetic and buoyancy parameter. The local Nusselt number is found to be the decreasing function of magnetic field parameter whereas it increases with increasing values of Prandtl number, viscoelastic parameter and buoyancy parameter.Practical implications– The present problem finds significant applications in MHD power generators, cooling of nuclear reactors, thin film solar energy collector devices.Originality/value– The objective of this work is to analyze the heat transfer of convective MHD viscoelastic fluid along a moving inclined plate with quadratic power law surface temperature. An extensively validated, highly efficient, variation finite element code is used to study this problem. The results are validated and demonstrated graphically.
Accounting for false‐positive acoustic detections of bats using occupancy models
Authors: Clement Matthew J. , Rodhouse Thomas J. , Ormsbee Patricia C. , Szewczak Joseph M. , Nichols James D. 
Published: June 2014

Summary

Acoustic surveys have become a common survey method for bats and other vocal taxa. Previous work shows that bat echolocation may be misidentified, but common analytic methods, such as occupancy models, assume that misidentifications do not occur. Unless rare, such misidentifications could lead to incorrect inferences with significant management implications.

We fit a false‐positive occupancy model to data from paired bat detector and mist‐net surveys to estimate probability of presence when survey data may include false positives. We compared estimated occupancy and detection rates to those obtained from a standard occupancy model. We also derived a formula to estimate the probability that bats were present at a site given its detection history. As an example, we analysed survey data for little brown bats Myotis lucifugus from 135 sites in Washington and Oregon, USA.

We estimated that at an unoccupied site, acoustic surveys had a 14% chance per night of producing spurious M. lucifugus detections. Estimated detection rates were higher and occupancy rates were lower under the false‐positive model, relative to a standard occupancy model. Un‐modelled false positives also affected inferences about occupancy at individual sites. For example, probability of occupancy at individual sites with acoustic detections but no captures ranged from 2% to 100% under the false‐positive occupancy model, but was always 100% under a standard occupancy model.

Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that false positives sufficient to affect inferences may be common in acoustic surveys for bats. We demonstrate an approach that can estimate occupancy, regardless of the false‐positive rate, when acoustic surveys are paired with capture surveys. Applications of this approach include monitoring the spread of White‐Nose Syndrome, estimating the impact of climate change and informing conservation listing decisions. We calculate a site‐specific probability of occupancy, conditional on survey results, which could inform local permitting decisions, such as for wind energy projects. More generally, the magnitude of false positives suggests that false‐positive occupancy models can improve accuracy in research and monitoring of bats and provide wildlife managers with more reliable information.
Demographic responses of rare forest plants to multiple stressors: the role of deer, invasive species and nutrients
Authors: Dávalos Andrea , Nuzzo Victoria , Blossey Bernd 
Published: June 2014

Summary

Forest ecosystems in eastern North America face multiple threats or stressors including plant and animal invasions and increased white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herbivory. While each stressor may have independent detrimental effects on native biota, stressors often co‐occur and are likely to have interactive effects. Despite recognition that concurrent processes drive plant demographic responses, few studies evaluate independent and combined effect of stressors.

Using a network of 12 sites that varied in non‐native plant cover and introduced earthworm density and biomass, we experimentally assessed effects of deer exclusion (30 × 30 m paired plots), slug exclusion and nutrient addition on survival, growth and fecundity of four rare forest understorey plant species (Aristolochia serpentaria L., Agrimonia rostellata Wallr., Carex retroflexa Muhl. ex Willd and Trillium erectum L).

We found that single and combined effects of stressors were species‐specific and varied according to plant stage and demographic parameter. Interactions were prevalent among all studied stressors and, for most cases, did not follow predicted responses.

We found detrimental deer herbivory effects on reproductive A. rostellata and non‐consumptive effects on A. serpentaria and T. erectum. Negative deer effects follow underlying predictions, and override effects of other stressors, even when other concurrent processes are at play.

Contrary to expectations, we did not find negative effects of non‐native plants. Earthworms had positive effects on A. rostellata and C. retroflexa (especially when deer were excluded), but negative effects on T. erectum. Slug effects were dependent on other stressors, especially on interactions with non‐native plants and earthworms. Nutrient addition had a negative effect on survival of A. serpentaria and T. erectum, but positive effects on C. retroflexa and T. erectum growth.

Synthesis. We found prevalent but unpredictable interactions among all study factors and plant species. Negative direct and indirect deer effects overrode impacts of all other stressors we investigated. A multifactor approach is critical to predict plant responses to concurrent environmental forces. Assessment of combined effects should form an essential component of subsequent research on plant demography and management of declining species.
Plant species richness promotes soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in grasslands without legumes
Authors: Cong Wen‐Feng , van Ruijven Jasper , Mommer Liesje , De Deyn Gerlinde B. , Berendse Frank , Hoffland Ellis 
Published: June 2014

Summary

The storage of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in soil is important ecosystem functions. Grassland biodiversity experiments have shown a positive effect of plant diversity on soil C and N storage. However, these experiments all included legumes, which constitute an important N input through N2‐fixation. Indeed, the results of these experiments suggest that N2 fixation by legumes is a major driver of soil C and N storage.

We studied whether plant diversity affects soil C and N storage in the absence of legumes. In an 11‐year grassland biodiversity experiment without legumes, we measured soil C and N stocks. We further determined above‐ground biomass productivity, standing root biomass, soil organic matter decomposition and N mineralization rates to understand the mechanisms underlying the change in soil C and N stocks in relation to plant diversity and their feedbacks to plant productivity.

We found that soil C and N stocks increased by 18% and 16% in eight‐species mixtures compared to the average of monocultures of the same species, respectively. Increased soil C and N stocks were mainly driven by increased C input and N retention, resulting from enhanced plant productivity, which surpassed enhanced C loss from decomposition. Importantly, higher soil C and N stocks were associated with enhanced soil N mineralization rates, which can explain the strengthening of the positive diversity–productivity relationship observed in the last years of the experiment.

Synthesis. We demonstrated that also in the absence of legumes, plant species richness promotes soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks via increased plant productivity. In turn, enhanced soil C and N stocks showed a positive feedback to plant productivity via enhanced N mineralization, which could further accelerate soil C and N storage in the long term.
Reconceptualizing practice with multilingual children with speech sound disorders: people, practicalities and policy
Authors: Verdon Sarah , McLeod Sharynne , Wong Sandie 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe speech and language therapy profession is required to provide services to increasingly multilingual caseloads. Much international research has focused on the challenges of speech and language therapists’ (SLTs) practice with multilingual children.AimsTo draw on the experience and knowledge of experts in the field to: (1) identify aspirations for practice, (2) propose recommendations for working effectively with multilingual children with speech sound disorders, and (3) reconceptualize understandings of and approaches to practice.Methods & ProceduresFourteen members of the International Expert Panel on Multilingual Children's Speech met in Cork, Ireland, to discuss SLTs’ practice with multilingual children with speech sound disorders. Panel members had worked in 18 countries and spoke nine languages. Transcripts of the 6‐h discussion were analysed using Cultural–Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as a heuristic framework to make visible the reality and complexities of SLTs’ practice with multilingual children.Outcomes & ResultsAspirations and recommendations for reconceptualizing approaches to practice with multilingual children with speech sound disorders included: (1) increased training for working with multilingual children, their families, and interpreters, (2) increased training for transcribing speech in many languages, (3) increased time and resources for SLTs working with multilingual children and (4) use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF‐CY).Conclusions & ImplicationsThe reality and complexities of practice identified in this paper highlight that it is not possible to formulate and implement one ‘gold standard’ method of assessment and intervention for all multilingual children with speech sound disorders. It is possible, however, to underpin practice with a framework that ensures comprehensive assessment, accurate diagnosis and effective intervention. This paper proposes that by working towards the aspirations of the Expert Panel, SLTs can be empowered to facilitate appropriate services for multilingual children regardless of the context in which they live and the languages they speak.
‘Active play may be lots of fun, but it's certainly not frivolous’: the emergence of active play as a health practice in Canadian public health
Authors: Alexander Stephanie A. , Frohlich Katherine L. , Fusco Caroline 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn the context of what has been termed a childhood obesity epidemic, public health institutions have recently begun to promote active play as a means of addressing childhood obesity, thus advancing play for health. Drawing on Foucault, this article problematises the way that children's play is being taken up as a health practice and further considers some of the effects this may have for children. Six Canadian public health websites were examined, from which 150 documents addressing children's health, physical activity, obesity, leisure activities and play were selected and coded deductively (theoretical themes) and inductively (emerging themes). Bacchi's () question‐posing approach to critical discourse analysis deepened our analysis of dominant narratives. Our findings suggest that several taken‐for‐granted assumptions and practices underlie this discourse: (i) play is viewed as a productive activity legitimises it as a health practice; (ii) tropes of ‘fun’ and ‘pleasure’ are drawn on to promote physical activity; (iii) children are encouraged to self‐govern their leisure time to promote health. We underscore the need to recognise this discourse as contingent and as only one of many ways of conceptualising children's leisure activities and their health and social lives more generally.
Vision and photoentrainment in fishes: The effects of natural and anthropogenic perturbation
Authors: COLLIN Shaun P. , HART Nathan S. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractVision and photoentrainment in fishes are vital for feeding, avoiding predation, spatial orientation, navigation, social communication and the synchronization of many homeostatic functions such as activity patterns and sleep. The camera‐like (image‐forming) eyes of fishes are optimized to provide a clear view of their preferred ecological niche, while non‐visual photoreceptors provide irradiance detection that mediates circadian photoentrainment, an endogenous time‐keeping mechanism (biological clock) to respond to predictable changes in environmental conditions. Fish and fisheries are under pressure from both natural and anthropogenic perturbation, which in many cases alters the intensity and spectral composition of the light environment on which they depend for their survival. This review examines the effects of a changing light environment and turbidity on the health of fishes within a developmental and ecological context. Understanding the sensory environment of fishes is vital to predicting their responses and, ultimately, their resilience to environmental change and the potential for maintaining sustainable levels of biodiversity.
Effects of noise on fishes: What we can learn from humans and birds
Authors: DOOLING Robert J. , LEEK Marjorie R. , POPPER Arthur N. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this paper we describe the masking of pure tones in humans and birds by manmade noises and show that similar ideas can be applied when considering the potential effects of noise on fishes, as well as other aquatic vertebrates. Results from many studies on humans and birds, both in the field and in the laboratory, show that published critical ratios can be used to predict the masked thresholds for pure tones when maskers consist of complex manmade and natural noises. We argue from these data that a single, simple measure, the species critical ratio, can be used to estimate the effect of manmade environmental noises on the perception of communication and other biologically relevant sounds. We also reason that if this principle holds for species as diverse as humans and birds, it probably also applies for all other vertebrates, including fishes.
Human impact on fish sensory systems in the long term: An evolutionary perspective
Authors: ZAKON Harold H. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHumans have severely impacted global ecosystems and this shows few signs of abating. Many aspects of an animal's biology, including its sensory systems, may be adversely influenced by pollutants and environmental noise. This review focuses on whether and/or how various environmental disturbances disrupt the sensory systems of fishes. As critical as it is to document and understand the current effects of the human footprint, it is also important to consider how organisms might adapt to these impacts over the long term. The present paper outlines the sources of genetic and genomic variation upon which natural selection can act and then reviews examples of known genetic contributions of variation in fish chemosensory, visual and acoustico‐lateralis systems.
Frequent and prolonged nocturnal occupation of port areas by Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis): Forced choice for feeding?
Authors: WANG Zhitao , AKAMATSU Tomonari , MEI Zhigang , DONG Lijun , IMAIZUMI Tomohito , WANG Kexiong , WANG Ding 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDuring the Yangtze Freshwater Dolphin Expedition 2012, Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) were acoustically monitored in 9 port areas at night. During 6566 min of nocturnal monitoring, porpoise sonar was detected for 488 min (7.43% of the total time). Of all 81 encounters, the longest echolocation span obtained was 102.9 min, suggesting frequent and prolonged porpoise occupation of the port areas. A combined total of 2091 click trains were recorded, with 129 (6.2%) containing minimum inter‐click intervals (ICIs) below 10 ms (termed a buzz). Buzzes with a decrease in ICIs and search and approach phases that resembled feeding echolocation signals accounted for 44.2% (N= 52) of all buzzes. Buzzes with an increase in ICIs, suggesting a mirrored prey capture phase, accounted for 20.2% (N= 26) and could reflect attempts to locate escaped prey because they were followed by approach‐phase feeding buzzes. Anecdotal evidence of porpoises fleeing the proximity of vessels was observed. The recordings indicating clusters of porpoises feeding near the port areas suggest a forced choice for feeding due to the relatively higher prey availability in the port areas compared to other areas in the Yangtze River that are probably overfished.
Sound production in marbled rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus) and implications for fisheries
Authors: ZHANG Xuguang , GUO Hongyi , ZHANG Shouyu , SONG Jiakun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractRecently, several rockfish species (genus Sebastes) have been reported to be soniferous. To determine whether an additional rockfish species produces sounds, passive acoustic recordings were analyzed from captive marbled rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus) during the non‐spawning season. Three distinct sounds were identified based on frequency features. The common characteristics among all sounds were low frequency (below 300 Hz) and rapidly dampened pulses consisting of 3–5 acoustic energy cycles. During free‐swimming conditions in the canvas tank, the fish produced voluntary sounds with lower frequencies than the disturbance sounds produced by individuals during prodding. Two types of sounds were identified in the disturbance context: one type consists of single or double pulses with two peak frequencies, and another type consists of a series of pulses with a single peak frequency. These results suggest that specific‐species and behavior‐associated sounds are potentially useful in passive acoustical surveys to monitor rockfish populations and distributions remotely.
RETRACTED: Bmi‐1 plays a critical role in protection from renal tubulointerstitial injury by maintaining redox balance
Authors: Jin Jianliang , Lv Xianhui , Chen Lulu , Zhang Wei , Li Jinbo , Wang Qian , Wang Rong , Lu Xiang , Miao Dengshun 
Published: June 2014

SummaryTo determine whether Bmi‐1 deficiency could lead to renal tubulointerstitial injury by mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress in the kidney, 3‐week‐old Bmi‐1‐/‐ mice were treated with the antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC, 1 mg mL−1) in their drinking water, or pyrro‐quinoline quinone (PQQ, 4 mg kg−1 diet) in their diet for 2 weeks, and their renal phenotypes were compared with vehicle‐treated Bmi1‐/‐ and wild‐type mice. Bmi‐1 was knocked down in human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK2) cells which were treated with 1 mm NAC for 72 or 96 h, and their phenotypes were compared with control cells. Five‐week‐old vehicle‐treated Bmi‐1‐/‐ mice displayed renal interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and severe renal function impairment with decreased renal cell proliferation, increased renal cell apoptosis and senescence, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Impaired mitochondrial structure, decreased mitochondrial numbers, and increased oxidative stress occurred in Bmi‐1‐/‐ mice; subsequently, this caused DNA damage, the activation of TGF‐β1/Smad signaling, and the imbalance between extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation. Oxidative stress‐induced epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of renal tubular epithelial cells was enhanced in Bmi‐1 knocked down HK2 cells. All phenotypic alterations caused by Bmi‐1 deficiency were ameliorated by antioxidant treatment. These findings indicate that Bmi‐1 plays a critical role in protection from renal tubulointerstitial injury by maintaining redox balance and will be a novel therapeutic target for preventing renal tubulointerstitial injury.