bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disturbed Tumor Necrosis Factor System is Linked with Lower eGFR and Chronic Inflammation in Hypertension
Authors: Eguchi Takashi , Maruyama Tatsuya , Ohno Yoichi , Morii Toshiyuki , Hirose Hiroshi , Takenaka Tsuneo , Suzuki Hiromichi , Kawabe Hiroshi , Saito Ikuo , Hayashi Matsuhiko , Itoh Hiroshi 
Published: April 2014

Background The relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related parameters and cardiorenal metabolic factors is still controversial in clinical hypertension. Methods Normotensive men (NT, n=60) and treated stage 2 and 3 essential hypertensive men (HT, n=89) were enrolled in this study. The relationship between TNF-related parameters and cardiorenal metabolic factors was examined in NT and HT, separately. Results HT showed higher rates of insulin resistance and enhanced chronic inflammation compared with NT. The levels of soluble TNF receptor 1 and 2 were significantly higher in HT than in NT, although TNF-α levels were unexpectedly lower in HT than in NT. Regression analysis indicated that the TNF-related parameters were closely linked with mild renal dysfunction both in NT and HT, and moderately related to chronic inflammation only in HT. HT taking inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system showed improved insulin resistance, but no difference in the TNF-related parameters. Conclusion These results suggest that the disturbed TNF system is closely linked with chronic inflammation rather than with insulin resistance in HT.
Role of CD24 Polymorphisms in the Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Lisiansky Victoria , Kraus Sarah , Naumov Inna , Kazanov Dina , Nabiochtchikov Ilana , Toledano Ohad , Leshno Moshe , Avivi Doran , Dotan Iris , Arber Nadir , Moshkowitz Menachem 
Published: April 2014

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from an inappropriate inflammatory response in which genetic, immune, and environmental factors all play important roles. Recently, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CD24 gene have been associated with the development of several autoimmune diseases. Aim To evaluate whether CD24 SNPs, are associated with risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Methods The CD24 polymorphisms C170T (rs8734), TG1527del (rs3838646), A1626G (rs1058881), and A1056G (rs1058818) were assessed in a case-control study of an Israeli cohort comprising 117 IBD patients and 105 age and gender-matched healthy controls. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed using BstX1, Bsr1, Mfe1, and BstU1 restriction enzymes. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by logistic regression models. Results Carriers of the C170T SNP were at increased risk of IBD (OR=3.022, 95% CI: 1.748–5.223, p=0.001), UC (OR=3.002, 95% CI: 1.661–5.427, p=0.001) and CD (OR=3.077, 95% CI: 1.334–7.095, p=0.008). Carrying the A1626G and A1056G SNPs was found to be a risk factor for IBD (OR=2.460, 95% CI: 1.420–4.259, p=0.001 and OR=1.856, 95% CI: 1.011–3.405, p=0.01), UC (OR=2.218, 95% CI: 1.207–4.075, p=0.01 and OR=1.944, 95% CI: 0.995–3.798, p=0.01) but not for CD (p=0.086 and p=0.299). The A1626G and TG1527del were found to be associated with younger age of IBD onset (p=0.022 and p=0.027, respectively). Conclusions The CD24 C170T polymorphism is associated with IBD risk. The A1626G and A1056G SNPs might be associated only with UC risk. These findings suggest CD24 as a new genetic susceptibility factor, with clinical implications in the prediction of IBD prognosis and therapy.
Léon Lemonnier : romancier populiste ?
Authors: Trottier Véronique 
Published: April 2014

Dans son Manifeste du roman populiste, Léon Lemonnier a établi une théorie plutôt vague de ce que devait être un roman populiste. Plus clair apparaissait cependant ce qui devait à tout prix être absent de ce type de littérature. Au nombre des éléments à éviter, le moralisme et le romanesque arrivent en tête de liste. Ainsi, il est passablement étonnant de retrouver dans les romans de Lemonnier non seulement une instance moralisatrice, mais aussi des intrigues plutôt traditionnelles dans un style qui rappelle celui du roman psychologique tant exécré des populistes. Cela, combiné à la notion très vague de « peuple » de Lemonnier, rend problématique la place de ce dernier parmi les populistes et la définition du roman populiste.
Louis Guilloux et le populisme, une longue histoire
Authors: Touret Michèle 
Published: April 2014

Avec Le Pain des rêves, Louis Guilloux obtient le Prix du roman populiste en 1942. Cette distinction vient tard pour lui, dont les oeuvres précédentes avaient été pour certaines reconnues comme représentatives d’une littérature venant d’un homme aux origines populaires, depuis La Maison du peuple. Avec Compagnons, il avait espéré obtenir le prix et être ainsi reconnu. Les relations de Guilloux avec le mouvement populiste sont faites à la fois d’attente (reconnaissance officielle et gratifications), mais les promoteurs du mouvement ont des appréciations diverses le concernant, et rejettent son oeuvre majeure — pour nous, maintenant — Le Sang noir. Par ailleurs, le mouvement pour la littérature prolétarienne, affirmé par Poulaille dans le même moment, l’enrôle. Quant à Guilloux, sa position se complique du fait qu’il ne souhaite pas entrer dans un mouvement quelconque : il polémique sourdement sur ce point avec Guéhenno, il débat avec Paulhan au sujet d’une littérature qui forme une image des gens ordinaires, sinon du peuple. Si donc Le Pain des rêves est consacré « roman populiste », et ce, pendant la guerre, s’il a en effet des traits qui permettent de le rapprocher d’une telle littérature, c’est en toute équivoque à l’égard d’une tendance que Guilloux n’appréciait guère et dont il se moque en privé. Le Pain des rêves, reçu comme un pur récit d’une enfance pauvre, faisait en réalité partie d’un projet d’histoire de deux générations dans la vie politique mouvementée du début du XXe siècle.
A Novel Device for Standardizing Marker Placement at the Calcaneus
Authors: Deschamps Kevin , Roosen Philip , Birch Ivan , Dingenen Bart , Bruyninckx Herman , Desloovere Kaat , Aertbelien Erwin , Staes Filip 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundThe determination of anatomical reference frames in the rearfoot during three-dimensional multisegment foot modeling has been hindered by a variety of factors. One of these factors is related to the difficulty in palpating, or the absence of, anatomical landmarks. A novel device (the Calcaneal Marker Device) aimed at standardizing marker placement at the calcaneus was, therefore, developed and evaluated for its reliability.MethodsThroughout a random repeated-measures design, the repeatability of calcaneal marker placement was evaluated for two techniques: manual placement and placement using the Calcaneal Marker Device. Translational changes after marker placement and the clinical effect on intersegment angle calculation were quantified.ResultsIntraobserver variability was greater in therapist 2 (&lt;5.3 mm) compared with therapist 1 (&lt;2.9 mm). Intraobserver variability was also found to be less than 1.6 mm throughout use of the device. Interobserver variability was found to be significantly higher for the position of markers placed manually (5.8 mm), whereas with the Calcaneal Marker Device, the variability remained lower (&lt;1.3 mm). The effect on the computed intersegment angles followed a similar trend, with variability of 0.4° to 4.0° and 1.0° to 8.7° for CMD and manual placement, respectively.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that variations in marker placement are considerably reduced when the novel Calcaneal Marker Device is used, possibly toward the limits dictated by the fine motor skills of therapists and tissue artifacts.
A Longitudinal Investigation into the Functional and Physical Durability of Insoles Used for the Preventive Management of Neuropathic Diabetic Feet
Authors: Paton Joanne S. , Stenhouse Elizabeth , Bruce Graham , Jones Ray 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundInsoles are commonly used to assist in the prevention of diabetic neuropathic foot ulceration. Insole replacement is often triggered only when foot lesions deteriorate, an indicator that functional performance is comprised and patients are exposed to unnecessary ulcer risk. We investigated the durability of insoles used for ulcer prevention in neuropathic diabetic feet over 12 months.MethodsSixty neuropathic individuals with diabetes were provided with insoles and footwear. Insole durability over 12 months was evaluated using an in-shoe pressure measurement device and through repeated measurement of material depth at the first metatarsal head and the heel seat. Analysis of variance was performed to assess change across time (at issue, 6 months, and 12 months).ResultsAnalyses were conducted using all available data (n = 43) and compliant data (n = 18). No significant difference was found in the reduction of mean peak pressure tested across time (P &lt; .05). For both sites, significant differences in insole depth were identified between issue and 6 months and between issue and 12 months but not between 6 and 12 months (P &lt; .05). Most insole compression occurred during the initial 6 months.ConclusionsVisual material compression does not seem to be a reliable indicator of insole usefulness. Frequency of insole replacement is best informed by a functional review of effect determined using an in-shoe pressure measurement system. These results suggest that insoles for diabetic neuropathic patients can be effective in maintaining peak pressure reduction for 12 months regardless of wear frequency.
Nerve Decompression After Diabetic Foot Ulceration May Protect Against Recurrence
Authors: Nickerson D. Scott , Rader Andrew J. 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundNerve entrapment, common in diabetes, is considered an associated phenomenon without large consequence in the development of diabetes complications such as ulceration, infection, amputation, and early mortality. This prospective analysis, with controls, of the ulcer recurrence rate after operative nerve decompression (ND) offers an objective perspective on the possibility of frequent occult nerve entrapment in the diabetic foot complication cascade.MethodsA multicenter cohort of 42 patients with diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy, failed pharmacologic pain control, palpable pulses, and at least one positive Tinel's nerve percussion sign was treated with unilateral multiple lower-leg external neurolyses for the indication of pain. All of the patients had healed at least one previous ipsilateral plantar diabetic foot ulceration (DFU). This group was retrospectively evaluated a minimum of 12 months after operative ND and again 3 years later. The recurrence risk of ipsilateral DFU in that period was prospectively analyzed and compared with new ulcer occurrence in the contralateral intact, nonoperated control legs.ResultsOperated legs developed two ulcer recurrences (4.8%), and nine contralateral control legs developed ulcers (21.4%), requiring three amputations. Ulcer risk is 1.6% per patient per year in ND legs and 7% in nonoperated control legs (P = .048).ConclusionsAdding operative ND at lower-leg fibro-osseous tunnels to standard postulcer treatment resulted in a significantly diminished rate of subsequent DFU in neuropathic high-risk feet. This is prospective, objective evidence that ND can provide valuable ongoing protection from DFU recurrence, even years after primary ulcer healing.
Surgical Treatment of Malignant Tumors of the Calcaneus
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Zheng 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundAmputation has been most commonly considered the only option to achieve local tumor control for calcaneal malignancies. Advances in oncologic treatment modalities and wide resection have made limb salvage increasingly possible. We retrospectively reviewed nine patients with calcaneal malignancies treated with different surgical options.MethodsThe diagnoses included chondrosarcoma in three patients, Ewing's sarcoma in three, osteosarcoma in two, and small round cell sarcoma in one. Four patients were managed by below-the-knee amputation owing to neurovascular invasion. Five patients were managed by limb salvage procedures. Pedicled osteomyocutaneous fibular grafts were used to reconstruct the defects created after total calcanectomy in limb salvage procedures. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed, and functional outcomes were assessed using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score.ResultsThe patients were followed up for a mean of 42.3 months. Wide resection margins were achieved in all of the patients with limb salvage surgery. At the final follow-up, two patients had died of disease. Lung metastasis was found in two patients who were alive with disease. Five patients had no evidence of disease. No local recurrence occurred in this series. All of the fibular flaps survived, and fibula hypertrophies were observed in three patients. Average Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores were 74.6% and 83.2% in patients with amputation and limb salvage, respectively.ConclusionsAfter wide resection of a calcaneal malignancy, biological reconstruction using pedicled osteocutaneous fibular flaps has proved to be a successful limb salvage procedure, offering a satisfactory oncologic and functional outcome alternative to amputation in selected patients.
Prediction of Dynamic Foot Posture During Running Using the Longitudinal Arch Angle
Authors: McPoil Thomas G. , Cornwall Mark W. 
Published: April 2014

Background: A study was conducted to determine whether the longitudinal arch angle can be used to predict dynamic foot posture during running.
Methods: Seventeen healthy, experienced runners participated in the study. The static longitudinal arch angle was determined from a digital image of the medial aspect of each subject’s feet obtained in relaxed standing posture. For the dynamic phase, subjects were asked to walk across a 12-m walkway and then to run across a 25-m runway while the medial aspect of each foot was videotaped. The longitudinal arch angle was digitized from the video images at midstance in walking and at midsupport while running for five trials per extremity.
Results: The longitudinal arch angle obtained in relaxed standing posture was highly predictive of dynamic foot posture at midstance in walking (r2 = 0.854) and at midsupport while running (r2 = 0.846).
Conclusions: The static measurement of longitudinal arch angle is highly predictive of dynamic foot posture during walking and running. The longitudinal arch angle measured in relaxed standing posture significantly contributed to explaining more than 85% of the variance associated with the longitudinal arch angle position at midstance during walking and at midsupport while running. These results seem to validate use of the longitudinal arch angle as part of the foot and ankle physical examination. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(2): 102–107, 2007)
Use of Quantitative Ultrasound Scans of the Calcaneus to Diagnose Osteoporosis in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Cryer Jacqueline R. , Otter Simon J. , Bowen Catherine J. 
Published: April 2014

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are recognized as being at risk for osteoporosis as a result of the disease process as well as the medication used to treat it. This study was conducted to consider the use of calcaneal scanning with quantitative ultrasound—contact ultrasound bone analysis (CUBA)—to diagnose osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods: Forty-six patients (11 men and 35 women) with established rheumatoid arthritis underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) of the nondominant wrist and CUBA of the nondominant heel. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were used to determine the correlation between osteoporosis as diagnosed by the CUBA heel scan compared with the DEXA wrist scan given that DEXA is widely seen as the gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.Results: The CUBA heel scan revealed a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 44% for a diagnosis of osteoporosis compared with DEXA. The positive predictive value of the CUBA scan was 31%, and the negative predictive value was 94%. Therefore, if normal bone density is found using CUBA, there is 94% certainty this is correct. However, if osteoporosis is diagnosed using CUBA, there is only 31% certainty this is correct. In such instances a secondary scan using a different method (eg, DEXA) would be required. Future work should consider the effect of minor alterations to the equipment or scanning protocol, because this may improve diagnosis.Conclusions: The CUBA unit could be used as a primary screening device. Given the cost and accessibility issues associated with DEXA, quantitative ultrasound may have a role in screening for osteoporosis in the primary-care setting to determine the most appropriate routes of referral for patients requiring further investigations. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(2): 108–114, 2007)
Complications Associated with Distraction Osteogenesis for the Correction of Brachymetatarsia
Authors: Wilusz Peter M. , Van Phi , Pupp Guy R. 
Published: April 2014

Background: Congenital brachymetatarsia is often treated with callus distraction. This technique is associated with a variety of complications. We investigated complications encountered in treatment of brachymetatarsia in four female patients and reviewed adjunctive procedures performed to treat these complications.
Methods: We reviewed five distraction osteogenesis procedures performed in four female patients with congenital shortening of the fourth metatarsal over a 3-year period. Serial radiographs were obtained weekly until bone consolidation was achieved, at which time the external fixator was removed. Follow-up ranged from 5 to 10 months.
Results: Three patients (four metatarsals) were satisfied with the cosmetic and functional outcomes of their procedure. One patient was dissatisfied with the cosmetic result owing to a short digit from a short proximal phalanx but was completely functional and resumed all of her normal activities. Complications associated with callus distraction were decreased range of motion and stiffness at the metatarsophalangeal joint, flexion deformity of the digit, angulation of the metatarsal, prolonged distraction time due to pain, fracture of the bone callus, pin-site infection, and an undesirable cosmetic appearance due to a short proximal phalanx. Adjunctive procedures were needed in some of these cases and yielded good results.
Conclusions: Callus distraction is an effective treatment for congenital shortening of the fourth metatarsal, but the procedure is associated with a number of complications. Because most patients proceed with surgery for cosmetic reasons, it is important to present the possible complications and the adjunctive surgical procedures that may be necessary for a desirable outcome. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(3): 189–194, 2007)
Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy and Diabetic Foot Amputations
Authors: Frykberg Robert G. , Williams David V. 
Published: April 2014

Background: This study was undertaken to assess the benefits of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) versus traditional wound therapies in reducing the incidence of lower-extremity amputations in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
Methods: Administrative claims data for patients with diabetic foot ulcers from commercial payers (n = 3,524) and Medicare (n = 12,795) were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into NPWT and control/traditional therapy groups on the basis of administrative codes. Risk-adjustment procedures were then performed to match patient risk categories (through total treatment costs) and wound severities (through debridement depth).
Results: The incidence of amputations in the NPWT groups was lower than that in the control groups. For the cost-based risk-adjustment analysis, amputation incidences with NPWT versus traditional therapy were 35% lower in the Medicare sample (10.8% versus 16.6%; P = .0077) and 34% lower in the commercial payer sample (14.1% versus 21.4%; P = .0951). Whereas overall amputation rates increased progressively with increasing wound debridement depth in both control groups, the same increasing trend did not occur in the NPWT groups.
Conclusions: Patients with diabetic foot ulcers in the Medicare sample treated with NPWT had a lower incidence of amputations than those undergoing traditional wound therapy; this finding was evident in wounds of varying depth in both populations studied. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(5): 351–359, 2007)
Anthropometric Foot Structure of Peripubescent Children with Excessive versus Normal Body Mass
Authors: Morrison Stewart C. , Durward Brian R. , Watt Gordon F. , Donaldson Malcolm D. C. 
Published: April 2014

Background: A variety of musculoskeletal problems have been associated with excessive body mass in children, including structural foot problems.
Methods: Two hundred children aged 9 to 12 years were recruited to evaluate the effect of body mass on foot structure. Three reliable anthropometric measures were recorded: foot length, forefoot width, and navicular height.
Results: Following independent sample t test analysis of the data, significant differences were found for the three anthropometric variables when children with normal body mass were compared with those with excessive body mass. The research indicates that foot length and width increase with body mass, whereas navicular height drops.
Conclusions: Excessive body mass affects the discrete anthropometric structure of the peripubescent foot. With the growing concern about childhood obesity, further research is essential to develop a comprehensive understanding of the issues identified and to quantify the findings presented here. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(5): 366–370, 2007)
Effect of Cryotherapy Devices in the Postoperative Setting
Authors: Shibuya Naohiro , Schinke Theresa L. , Canales Michael B. , Yu Gerard V. 
Published: April 2014

Background: Sophisticated methods of cryotherapy, such as application of a water-circulating device, have recently been popularized to provide a constant or intermittent therapeutic source in the foot and ankle postoperative setting. In this study, the efficacy and safety of three selected cryotherapy devices (Iceman, EBIce, and Ankle Cryo/Cuff) were investigated.
Methods: Each cryotherapy unit, in the coldest setting, was applied over standard surgical dressings in group I, over one layer of Jones compression bandage in group II, and over two layers of Jones compression bandage in group III on four individuals in excellent overall health. The skin temperature was then recorded every 15 min for 180 min in each trial.
Results: In group I, the Iceman was the only device that required discontinuation in one subject, and the EBIce and Cryo/Cuff were tolerated in all of the subjects. However, the temperatures in all of the devices continued to decrease at the end of the trials. In group II, all of the cryotherapy devices controlled temperatures between 20°C (68°F) and 30°C (86°F). In group III, no device significantly lowered the initial surface skin temperature.
Conclusions: We achieved the safe and effective temperature range when the cryotherapy devices were applied over one layer of Jones compression dressing. The cryotherapy devices resulted in less predicable temperature declination when applied over the thinner surgical dressing. When the devices were applied over two layers of Jones compression dressing, surface skin temperature declination was minimal. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(6): 439–446, 2007)