bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ERES: sites for autophagosome biogenesis and maturation?
Authors: Sanchez-Wandelmer Jana , Ktistakis Nicholas T. , Reggiori Fulvio 
Published: January 2015

Autophagosomes are the hallmark of autophagy, but despite their central role in this degradative pathway that involves vesicle transport to lysosomes or vacuoles, the mechanism underlying their biogenesis still remains largely unknown. Our current concepts about autophagosome biogenesis are based on models suggesting that a small autonomous cisterna grows into an autophagosome through expansion at its extremities. Recent findings have revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit sites (ERES), specialized ER regions where proteins are sorted into the secretory system, are key players in the formation of autophagosomes. Owing to the morphological connection of nascent autophagosomes with the ER, this has raised several questions that challenge our current perception of autophagosome biogenesis, such as are ERES the compartments where autophagosome formation takes place? What is the functional relevance of this connection? Are these compartments providing essential molecules for the generation of autophagosomes and/or are they structural platforms where these vesicles emerge? In this Hypothesis, we discuss recent data that have implicated the ERES in autophagosome biogenesis and we propose two models to describe the possible role of this compartment at different steps in the process of autophagosome biogenesis.
This article is part of a Focus on Autophagosome biogenesis. For further reading, please see related articles: ‘Membrane dynamics in autophagosome biogenesis’ by Sven R. Carlsson and Anne Simonsen (J. Cell Sci. 128, 193-205) and ‘WIPI proteins: essential PtdIns3P effectors at the nascent autophagosome’ by Tassula Proikas-Cezanne et al. (J. Cell Sci. 128, 207-217).
True Molecular-resolution Imaging on Alkanethiol Self-assembled Monolayers in Ionic Liquids by Frequency Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy Utilizing a Quartz Tuning Fork Sensor
Authors: Ichii Takashi , Furutani Yoshihisa , Negami Masahiro , Utsunomiya Toru , Murase Kuniaki , Sugimura Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Molecular-resolution imaging on an alkanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) in an ionic liquid (IL) was demonstrated using frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM). A quartz tuning fork sensor with a sharpened tungsten tip, the so-called qPlus sensor, was used as a force sensor. Etch pits, which are a typical structure of alkanethiol SAMs, individual alkanethiol molecules, and single molecular defects were clearly imaged; that is, true molecular-resolution imaging was successfully achieved. We also carried out force curve measurement using the FM-AFM and the presence of a solvation layer on the IL/SAM interface was recognized.
Gelation via One-step Self-assembly of Poly(γ-glutamic acid) and Folic Acid
Authors: Sun Jiadi , Meng Long , Zhu Ye , Cui Yan , Liu Xiaoya 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Herein, gels composed of nanoscaled particles were obtained via one-step self-assembly of poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and folic acid (FA). The outcomes show that the amount of added FA plays a crucial role in the liquid–gel transition. The resulting gels revealed an increase in both storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G′′) with increasing amount of FA. This paper describes an effective and promising strategy to prepare gels based on self-assembly of copolymers or particles in an organic medium.
Reincarnating Mae Nak: The contemporary cinematic history of a Thai icon
Authors: Knee Adam 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Working from the premise that Nonzee Nimibutr’s Nang Nak (1999) marked a major turning point in the discourse surrounding Thailand’s well-known ghost Nak, this article offers a case study of more recent remakes of the narrative both as potentially revelatory of certain key meanings that now reside in the figure and as illustrative of a number of tendencies of the contemporary Thai film industry – indeed, offering a kind of longitudinal view of industrial shifts over the past fifteen years. Recent images of Nak have ranged from dangerous (and eroticized) to heroic, and the films themselves have run the gamut from low-budget exploitation, to animation, to a blockbuster comedy.
Spirits in suburbia: Ghosts, global desires and the rise of Thai middle-class horror
Authors: Ancuta Katarzyna 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Horror films have played a significant role in introducing Thai cinema to international audiences and therefore inspiring Thai film-makers to produce films that could be globally marketable. Though successful with broader Thai population, Thai horror films have been repeatedly rejected by Bangkok urbanites as formulaic ‘low-class’ entertainment. The unprecedented success of Sopon Sukdapisit’s Ladda Land (2011) with Bangkok audiences reflects the recent change of direction in Thai horror to cater to the tastes of the middle classes, and invites a more thorough investigation. The article uses the example of Sukdapisit’s Ladda Land to discuss the effects of modernization and globalization processes on the development of the Thai horror genre, in particular with relation to the concept of the ghost as the figure of fear. With its reconfiguration of the typical Thai ghost story formula, Ladda Land brings horror closer to home for its middle-class audience but does so at the cost of replacing its earth-bound past-oriented revenants with the living ghosts, trapped within the temporality of a dream of social mobility and economic success.
The politics of Maori history in an age of protest
Authors: Belgrave Michael 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Urbanization, Maori political radicalism and the re-emergence of the Treaty of Waitangi have all been part of the resurgence of Maori pan tribal and tribal identity since the beginning of the 1960s. This article traces the impact of this political resurgence on the writing of Maori history. It argues that in the 1960s Maori politics had little use for history as Maori communities responded to the contemporary experience of urbanization. As critical Maori voices emerged from the late 1960s, they drew on contemporary sociological and anthropological theory to explain Maori disadvantage, only gradually finding historical explanations for political marginalization and economic disadvantage. These explanations had by the early 1980s emphasized the universal experience of colonization and national Maori sovereignty. It is argued that only gradually did these narratives become located in specific tribal experiences, reinforcing claims of tribal sovereignty. The work of the Waitangi Tribunal accompanied by the devolution of the state sector encouraged the development of these tribal histories, which were often contested. However, early enthusiasm by historians for Tribunal history was from the late 1990s accompanied by a more critical response, concerned about the extent that history was serving and being distorted by political purposes. The article concludes by exploring Maori history in the post-Tribunal era, not only freed from the limitations of supporting Maori claims under the Treaty of Waitangi, but also from the political polarization of the 1970s and 1980s.
Drosophila Oocytes as a Model for Understanding Meiosis: An Educational Primer to Accompany “Corolla Is a Novel Protein That Contributes to the Architecture of the Synaptonemal Complex of Drosophila”
Authors: Ables Elizabeth T 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
SUMMARY Achieving a thorough understanding of the events and ramifications of meiosis is a common learning objective for undergraduate introductory biology, genetics, and cell biology courses. Meiosis is also one of the most challenging cellular processes for students to conceptualize. Connecting textbook descriptions of meiosis to current research in the field of genetics in a problem-based learning format may aid students’ understanding of this important biological concept. This primer seeks to assist students and instructors by providing an introductory framework upon which to integrate discussions of current meiosis research into traditional genetics or cell biology curriculum.
Related article in GENETICS: Collins, K. et al., 2014 Corolla Is a Novel Protein That Contributes to the Architecture of the Synaptonemal Complex of Drosophila. Genetics 198:219–228.
Recent and Massive Expansion of the Mating-Type-Specific Region in the Smut Fungus Microbotryum
Authors: Whittle Carrie A , Votintseva Antonina , Ridout Kate , Filatov Dmitry A 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The presence of large genomic regions with suppressed recombination (SR) is a key shared property of some sex- and mating-type determining (mat) chromosomes identified to date in animals, plants, and fungi. Why such regions form and how they evolve remain central questions in evolutionary genetics. The smut fungus Microbotryum lychnis-dioicae is a basidiomycete fungus in which dimorphic mat chromosomes have been reported, but the size, age, and evolutionary dynamics of the SR region remains unresolved. To identify the SR region in M. lychnis-dioicae and to study its evolution, we sequenced 12 genomes (6 per mating type) of this species and identified the genomic contigs that show fixed sequence differences between the mating types. We report that the SR region spans more than half of the mat chromosome (&gt;2.3 Mbp) and that it is of very recent origin (∼2 × 106 years) as the average sequence divergence between mating types was only 2% in the SR region. This contrasts with a much higher divergence in and around the mating-type determining pheromone receptor locus in the SR, suggesting a recent and massive expansion of the SR region. Our results comprise the first reported case of recent massive SR expansion documented in a basidiomycete fungus.
Identifying and Addressing the Needs of Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer: Summary of an Institute of Medicine Workshop
Authors: Nass Sharyl J. , Beaupin Lynda K. , Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Fasciano Karen , Ganz Patricia A. , Hayes-Lattin Brandon , Hudson Melissa M. , Nevidjon Brenda , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Rechis Ruth , Richardson Lisa C. , Seibel Nita L. , Smith Ashley W. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Cancer is the leading disease-related cause of death in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). This population faces many short- and long-term health and psychosocial consequences of cancer diagnosis and treatment, but many programs for cancer treatment, survivorship care, and psychosocial support do not focus on the specific needs of AYA cancer patients. Recognizing this health care disparity, the National Cancer Policy Forum of the Institute of Medicine convened a public workshop to examine the needs of AYA patients with cancer. Workshop participants identified many gaps and challenges in the care of AYA cancer patients and discussed potential strategies to address these needs. Suggestions included ways to improve access to care for AYAs, to deliver cancer care that better meets the medical and psychosocial needs of AYAs, to develop educational programs for providers who care for AYA cancer survivors, and to enhance the evidence base for AYAs with cancer by facilitating participation in research.
A ceraphronid wasp in Early Miocene amber from the Dominican Republic (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. 
Published: January 2015

The first fossil of the parasitoid wasp family Ceraphronidae (Ceraphronoidea) is described and figured. Ceraphron ceuthonymus Engel, new species, is described from Early Miocene (Burdigalian) amber from the Dominican Republic and distinguished from its close congeners. A brief summary of the fossil record of Ceraphronoidea is provided.
Validity of Screening Methods for Periodontitis Using Salivary Hemoglobin Level and Self‐Report Questionnaires in People with Disabilities
Authors: Nam Sun‐Hei , Jung Hoi‐In , Kang Si‐Mook , Inaba Daisuke , Kwon Ho‐Keun , Kim Baek‐Il 
Published: January 2015

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity of screening methods in predicting periodontitis in people with disabilities using the objective salivary hemoglobin level, a subjective self‐report questionnaire, and a combined model of the two methods with demographic characteristics.Methods: The participants were 195 patients with disabilities aged >18 years who were examined using the community periodontal index (CPI), salivary hemoglobin level, and answers to 10 self‐report questions (n = 192). Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to evaluate the validity of the methods and the combined model in predicting the prevalence of ≥CPI 3 (probing depth [PD] ≥4 mm) or CPI 4 (PD ≥6 mm).Results: Overall, 75.9% of the study group (148 of 195) were diagnosed with ≥CPI 3, and 38.5% of the study group (75 of 195) were diagnosed with CPI 4. The areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the salivary hemoglobin level were 0.578 (sensitivity of 41% and specificity of 77%) and 0.662 (sensitivity of 53% and specificity of 75%) for predicting the prevalence of ≥CPI 3 and CPI 4, respectively. Multivariable modeling incorporating four different questions for predicting ≥CPI 3 or CPI 4 indicated higher AUCs of 0.710 and 0.732, respectively, yielding higher sensitivity (55% for ≥CPI 3 and 69% for CPI 4) than that of salivary hemoglobin level. The most useful prediction models for ≥CPI 3 or CPI 4 were combined models, which yielded AUCs of 0.773 and 0.807, respectively, with sensitivity values of 70% and specificity values >75%.Conclusion: The salivary hemoglobin level, self‐report questionnaire, and the combined method demonstrated screening potential that could predict the population prevalence of ≥CPI 3 or CPI 4.
Conquering Change in Oil and Gas: How To Build a Learning Organization
Authors: Lloyd Frank R. 
Published: January 2015

Talent & Technology
Former United States Secretary of State Colin Powell likes to tell the story of how Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres put his arm around his shoulder after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, and said, “We have lost our enemy; all we have now are problems.” Peres was certainly thinking of dangers that threaten all nations: poverty, famine, religious radicalization, desertification, drugs, proliferation of nuclear weapons, and ecological devastation.
While it is not immune from global threats, the oil and gas industry faces its own set of persistent and continuously emerging challenges that drive change in the industry. They are
Innovation: technology to boost output, processes that promote efficiency, new industry structures and alliances. Tim Dove, president and chief operating officer of Pioneer Natural Resources, said that hydraulic fracturing means that there are no dry holes. As a result, he believes that exploration and production firms have become similar to manufacturing companies. Their success depends on efficient operations.
Capital: how much oil can be produced at what cost. The amount of oil that can be recovered is no longer constrained by geology. As George King, a global technology consultant for Apache Corporation, told the Wall Street Journal, “the constraint on how much oil can be produced isn’t geological ... we face technical and economic limits more than anything else.”
Talent: accelerated attrition of baby boomers in the senior ranks. Industry firms face the rising practice of “poaching” of high potential leaders. On the other hand, firms struggle to accelerate young professionals into the “age of accountability” as leaders. The local Dallas chapter of Young Professionals in Energy has more than 4,100 members, making it one of the largest trade organizations in Texas. Andy Long, its 26-yearold chairman, has established a mentor program to connect its members and college students with industry veterans.
Global: opportunities worldwide are not limited to the majors. Heyco Energy Group, an exploration company that has been active in the Permian Basin since the 1960s, today holds positions in 1.4 million acres in Spain and United Kingdom. Science and technology have turned the basin into “the hottest spot on earth,” according to Chief Executive Officer George Yates, and we “asked ourselves ‘where could we succeed given our experience and advances in technology?’ Europe was an obvious place.”
Bruce Bullock, director of Maguire Energy Institute at Southern Methodist University’s Cox School of Business, boils down the industry’s challenges to financial performance. “The industry has to find ways through technology, efficiency, science, and other strategies to really improve its financial results over the next several years.” The drive for financial performance demands change leadership skills from all levels of management, and a new perspective on change.
Business typically has used three perspectives on change, each with its own implementation method.
A Case Study of Integrated Asset Modeling for Gas Fields Sharing Production Facilities
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: January 2015

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 169918, ’A Case Study of Integrated Asset Modeling To Support Reservoir- Management Strategies for Four Dry-Gas Fields Sharing Production Facilities,’ by O. Espinola, SPE, M. Rocha, SPE, and N.C. Alvarez, SPE, Schlumberger, and J.R. Ramirez, A. Solis, and J.D. Guzman-Arevalo, Pemex, prepared for the 2014 Trinidad and Tobago Energy Resources Conference, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 9-11 June. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Integrated asset modeling (IAM) properly models the interaction of fields producing through common production facilities and yields reliable production forecasts, compared with the use of independent models. Using integrated asset models helps validate independent models, honor facilities constraints, and, in general, support the decision-making process in reservoir management. This paper describes a case study in which four reservoir models were coupled with a production-network model, with the objectives of maximizing recovery factors, identifying operational problems, and evaluating water-production effects.
Introduction
Among the recent discoveries made by Pemex Veracruz Asset are four dry-gas fields with different geological and dynamic properties that must be produced through shared production facilities to be economic. This poses a complex operational scenario involving several questions that need to be answered: What is the optimum exploitation rhythm for each reservoir and its interaction on the surface? On the basis of the fact that one reservoir has an aquifer, what will be the effect on the recovery factor, and what are the challenges at the surface level? Regarding the differences in pressures and volumes, the selection of the compression stages will be difficult because each reservoir will require different capacity and startup dates. What, then, is the optimum compression scheme that generates the maximum value from an economic perspective?
As part of the field-development plan, the incorporation of new wells or a new field will be evaluated. What will be the effect of these new elements on the system?
To face all these challenges, a multidisciplinary team was appointed to analyze the system from different perspectives and design several exploitation strategies and evaluate them both technically and economically to select the optimum one to produce the fields.
The strategies should
Manage reservoir pressures to reduce backpressure effects.
Minimize the risk to produce water and support the design of water-handling facilities.
Identify the wells with liquid-loading problems and low potential.
Define the startup date of each compression stage so that all reservoirs benefit at the same time.
Evaluate the scenarios economically, considering two schemes—buying and renting compression facilities.
Evaluate the effect of future developments, such as workover, infill drilling, and the incorporation of a new field.
Firm Sees Value After 5 Years of Using the Petroleum Resources Management System
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: January 2015

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 170885, ’The Value Added After 5 Years of SPE-PRMS,’ by Eric Kreft, SPE, Raymond Godderij, SPE, and Berend Scheffers, SPE, EBN, prepared for the 2014 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 27-29 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
The Petroleum Resources Management System (PRMS) reserves-reporting system was adopted by EBN in 2009. At that time, a new PRMS project database was developed. The implementation of the PRMS has contributed significantly to the understanding of the hydrocarbon-maturation process in the Netherlands. It has proved to be a valuable system for hydrocarbon-maturation analysis and reporting and provides insight within the current and future activities of the Dutch exploration-and-production industry.
Background
The Netherlands is part of the southern North Sea Permian basin. The country counts more than 500 oil and gas fields. Most of the fields are gas bearing; less than 50 fields contain oil. The number of onshore and offshore fields is roughly comparable, although slightly in favor of offshore.
The Dutch hydrocarbon region is considered mature. The production of the small fields is declining. As of 2014, more than 80 fields have ceased production. Approximately two-thirds have reached the tail-end phase of their production life, which is defined as having produced more than 85% of their expected ultimate recovery.
New hydrocarbon accumulations are still being discovered, an average of 10 fields per year over the last 5 years. The annual number of exploration and appraisal wells varies between 10 and 20. The annual amount of production wells (infill and development) varies between 20 and 40. In the Netherlands, the overall investments have remained fairly stable since 2005. A total of EUR 1 billion to 1.2 billion per year is spent on the exploration and development of small fields.
EBN is the state participant in exploration and production licenses in the Netherlands. In the Dutch Mining Act, Article 82, EBN is the designated company of which all shares are, directly or indirectly, held by the state in the interest of efficient exploration and production, systematic management, and optimal disposal of hydrocarbons. The state share is either 40 or 50% in all licenses on a nonoperating-venture (NOV) basis. This makes EBN the largest upstream gas owner (nonoperated) in the Netherlands.
The new PRMS introduced in 2007 offered a great opportunity to classify and quantify the full hydrocarbon potential of the Netherlands systematically. It has contributed significantly to improving and streamlining EBN’s business processes and its plans to stimulate the future national hydrocarbon maturation. Currently, EBN has its focus on developing the upside of the contingent and prospective resource base. Various projects have been initiated to enhance the maturation of the exploration, the tight gas, and the mature-field portfolios.