bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of L‐FABP T94A and MTP I128T Polymorphisms with Hyperlipidemia in Chinese Subjects
Authors: Tian Yingying , Li Hui , Wang Shanbo , Yan Jin , Chen Zhiheng , Li Zhenyu , Feng Han , Zhou Honghao , Ouyang Dongsheng 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between the L‐FABP T94A and MTP I128T polymorphisms and hyperlipidemia in Chinese subjects. We recruited 390 volunteers: 201 hyperlipidemic and 189 healthy volunteers. The L‐FABP T94A and MTP I128T polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP). Anthropometry, lipid profile, and liver function of the subjects were determined. We observed that male carriers of the L‐FABP A94 allele had significantly higher body weight (P = 0.012), higher body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.014), and higher plasma triacylglycerol levels (TAG) (P = 0.033) and lower ratios of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) to total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.008) than T94 homozygotes. The MTP T128 allele was associated with significantly lower serum TC (P < 0.001) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) (P < 0.001) levels in males. There was a direct correlation between the MTP T128 allele and a decreased risk of hyperlipidemia after adjusting for body mass index (OR = 0.327, 95 % CI: 0.178–0.600, P < 0.001). In conclusion, both the MTP I128T and the L‐FABP T94A polymorphisms can affect serum lipid levels in the Chinese population. The MTP T128 allele offers protection against hyperlipidemia in the Chinese population.
Lutein Prevents High Fat Diet‐Induced Atherosclerosis in ApoE‐Deficient Mice by Inhibiting NADPH Oxidase and Increasing PPAR Expression
Authors: Han Hao , Cui Wei , Wang Linzhi , Xiong Yufang , Liu Liegang , Sun Xiufa , Hao Liping 
Published: February 2015

AbstractEpidemiological and experimental studies provide supportive evidence that lutein, a major carotenoid, may act as a chemopreventive agent against atherosclerosis, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lutein on the alleviation of atherosclerosis and its molecular mechanisms involved in oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. Male apolipoprotein E knockout mice (n = 55) were fed either a normal chow diet or a high fat diet (HFD) supplemented with or without lutein for 24 weeks. The results showed that a HFD induced atherosclerosis formation, lipid metabolism disorders and oxidative stress, but noticeable improvements were observed in the lutein treated group. Additionally, lutein supplementation reversed the decreased protein expression of aortic heme oxygenase‐1 and increased the mRNA and protein expressions of aortic nicotinamide‐adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase stimulated by a HFD. Furthermore, the decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, acyl CoA oxidase 1, low density lipoprotein receptors and scavenger receptor class B type I observed in mice with atherosclerosis were markedly enhanced after treatment with lutein. Taken together, these data add new evidence supporting the anti‐atherogenic properties of lutein and describing its mechanisms of action in atherosclerosis prevention, including oxidative stress and lipid metabolism improvements.
Panner's disease: Literature review and treatment recommendations
Authors: Claessen Femke M. A. P. , Louwerens Jan K. G. , Doornberg Job N. , van Dijk C. Niek , Eygendaal Denise , van den Bekerom Michel P. J. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose To determine the most up-to-date theory on the aetiology of Panner's disease, to form a consensus on the assessment of radiographs and to evaluate clinical outcome in order to summarise the best available evidence for diagnosis and treatment. Methods A review of studies to date on Panner's disease. Studies were eligible if: (1) the study provided criteria for defining Panner's disease in order to eliminate confounding data on other radiographic entities that were mistakenly grouped and presented as Panner's disease; (2) original data of at least one patient was presented; (3) manuscripts were written in English, German or Dutch; and (4) a full-text article was available. Animal studies, reviews and expert opinions were not included. Because the majority of the studies were case reports, we did not use an overall scoring system to evaluate methodological quality. Results Twenty-three articles reporting on Panner's disease were included. Most cases of Panner's disease were unilateral in distribution and occurred in boys during the first decade of life. In general, conservative treatment is advised for Panner's disease. Panner's disease is a self-limiting disease and the majority of patients heal without clinical impairment. Conclusions Based on the results of this review, Panner's disease should be treated conservatively. Uniform names and descriptions of signs on radiographs would help to make the correct diagnosis. Since Panner's disease is very rare, higher quality studies are not likely to be performed and, thus, this review provides the best level of evidence on the current knowledge about Panner's disease.
Computability of the packing measure of totally disconnected self-similar sets
Authors: LLORENTE MARTA , MORÁN MANUEL 
Published: February 2015

We present an algorithm to compute the exact value of the packing measure of self-similar sets satisfying the so called Strong Separation Condition (SSC) and prove its convergence to the value of the packing measure. We also test the algorithm with examples that show both the accuracy of the algorithm for the most regular cases and the possibility of using the additional information provided by it to obtain formulas for the packing measure of certain self-similar sets. For example, we are able to obtain a formula for the packing measure of any Sierpinski gasket with contraction factor in the interval $(0,\frac{1}{3}]$.
THE WEIGHT PART OF SERRE’S CONJECTURE FOR
Authors: GEE TOBY , LIU TONG , SAVITT DAVID 
Published: February 2015

AbstractLet $p>2$ be prime. We use purely local methods to determine the possible reductions of certain two-dimensional crystalline representations, which we call pseudo-Barsotti–Tate representations, over arbitrary finite extensions of $\mathbb{Q}_{p}$. As a consequence, we establish (under the usual Taylor–Wiles hypothesis) the weight part of Serre’s conjecture for $\text{GL}(2)$ over arbitrary totally real fields.
Down-regulation of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) gene expression in the colon of piglets is linked to bacterial protein fermentation and pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated signalling
Authors: Villodre Tudela Carmen , Boudry Christelle , Stumpff Friederike , Aschenbach Jörg R. , Vahjen Wilfried , Zentek Jürgen , Pieper Robert 
Published: February 2015

The present study investigated the influence of bacterial metabolites on monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) expression in pigs usingin vivo,ex vivoandin vitroapproaches. Piglets (n24) were fed high-protein (26 %) or low-protein (18 %) diets with or without fermentable carbohydrates. Colonic digesta samples were analysed for a broad range of bacterial metabolites. The expression ofMCT1,TNF-α, interferon γ (IFN-γ) andIL-8was determined in colonic tissue. The expression ofMCT1was lower and ofTNF-αandIL-8was higher with high-protein diets (P< 0·05).MCT1expression was positively correlated withl-lactate, whereas negatively correlated with NH3and putrescine (P< 0·05). The expression ofIL-8andTNF-αwas negatively correlated withl-lactate and positively correlated with NH3and putrescine, whereas the expression ofIFN-γwas positively correlated with histamine and 4-ethylphenol (P< 0·05). Subsequently, porcine colonic tissue and Caco-2 cells were incubated with Na-butyrate, NH4Cl or TNF-α as selected bacterial metabolites or mediators of inflammation. ColonicMCT1expression was higher after incubation with Na-butyrate (P< 0·05) and lower after incubation with NH4Cl or TNF-α (P< 0·05). Incubation of Caco-2 cells with increasing concentrations of these metabolites confirmed the up-regulation ofMCT1expression by Na-butyrate (linear,P< 0·05) and down-regulation by TNF-α and NH4Cl (linear,P< 0·05). The high-protein diet decreased the expression ofMCT1in the colon of pigs, which appears to be linked to NH3- and TNF-α-mediated signalling.
“Expansion in Progress”: Understanding Portfolio Adoption in the Canadian Provinces, 1982–2012
Authors: Lawlor Andrea , Lewis J.P. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWhile the act of adopting a new portfolio raises a number of interesting queries, little attention has been paid to portfolio adoption, what motivates and what conditions predicate it. The Canadian case provides an excellent laboratory to test some broadly held assumptions about portfolio adoption, particularly given the contrast of the ten provinces' unique political cultures with their shared jurisdictional roles. We illustrate our case using a dataset that contains information on 85 portfolio adoptions in the Canadian provinces since 1982. Findings suggest little by way of a clear set of partisan or institutional motivations for portfolio adoption, although there is some evidence that governments are more likely to adopt portfolios in the first 100 days of governing and they are more likely to do so when elected with larger caucuses, possibly because of the need to find larger roles for party loyalists.
Divine Concessions in theTanhumaMidrashim
Authors: Weiss Dov 
Published: February 2015

Ever since Leopold Zunz inaugurated the critical study of rabbinic literature in 1818, scholars of the school of midrash known asTanhuma-Yelammedenu(TY) have given priority to analyzing questions of textual history, dating, aesthetics, form-critical issues, and the literary qualities of these texts. This scholarship has focused on questions of form rather than content; for the most part, the distinctive ideas of these texts, their values and theologies, have yet to be explored. In an article devoted to form-literary issues in aggadah, Yonah Fraenkel argues that “indeed there were also changes in the [Tanhuma's] ideas, like their ethical and social values and their overall world view . . . these types of issues need further research.” Unfortunately, very few scholars have responded to Fraenkel's call. In fact, two excellent scholarly works on rabbinic thought have ignored the content of theTYaltogether: neither David Kraemer'sResponses to Suffering in Classical Rabbinic Literaturenor Ishay Rosen-Zvi's recent work,Demonic Desires, engageTYtexts. While Kraemer and Rosen-Zvi extensively discuss sixth- and seventh-century Babylonian texts, such as the Babylonian Talmud, they do not do the same with sixth- and seventh-century Palestinian texts, such as manyTYtexts. These two important studies exemplify how, in a more general sense, late Palestinian midrashim have been conspicuously neglected by scholars of rabbinic literature working on content-based projects.
Dialect of the Tribe: Modes of Communication and the Epiphanic Role of Nonhuman Imagery in T. S. Eliot'sFour Quartets*
Authors: Penny William Kevin 
Published: February 2015

In T. S. Eliot'sFour Quartetsan attempt is made to investigate—often in a discursive manner—notions of time, language, and the divine. Yet the poet is hindered by certain limitations: words—as a primary vehicle of expression—collapse under the pressure, frequently sabotaging attempts at true articulation as detailed in the poem's opening quartet,Burnt Norton: “Words strain, / Crack and sometimes break, under the burden, / Under the tension. . .” (V: 149–51). Consequently, the medium of language itself frames an apparent contradiction throughout theQuartets: how a contrived system can represent notions intrinsically elusive and ephemeral. This conundrum inculcates all four of the poems, making them in some ways the ironic frame of their own reference. Despite this inherent dilemma, Eliot recognized that harnessing certain imagery—both animate and inanimate—and exploiting it for its numinous qualities was indispensable to achieving his aesthetic and thematic aims. Such imagery included elements taken from the natural world which pointed beyond their own outward forms to some ideal form that lay behind them. It was an approach motivated in part by what Frye describes as the poet's concern with Heracliteanlogos zynos—or a “common logos”—and had as its aim the participation of man in the divine. To achieve such ends, Eliot relied on bird calls, echoes, bones, bells, and other seemingly prosaic phenomena and transformed them into conduits by which revelations might occur. That is, certain central images the poet adopts inFour Quartets—though not endowed with the capacity for human language—are nevertheless engendered with communicativeness of a uniquely numinous kind. Aligned with this notion was Eliot's belief that the way to commune with the past and with the divine was through ritual; by employing common natural objects and investing each with sacramental significance, the poet was able to evoke a temporal link with the ineffable world. It was also a means of reconciling what he perceived as the disjuncture with conventional language. By grounding the effort in an approach reminiscent of sacred Christian ritual and aesthetically portraying a new mode of communication consistent with transformative ceremony, Eliot aimed at the restoration of a past community of values. This highly distinct mode of communing came to represent its own unique type oflangue, carrying forward thematic concerns while at the same time detailing a stylistic approach to poetic composition not prevalent in Eliot's earlier work.
Who has been hiding in your tonsillectomy tray? Eponymous instruments in tonsillectomy surgery
Authors: Lamprell L , Ahluwalia S 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackground:Surgeons regularly use eponymous instruments when performing tonsillectomies, yet the stories behind each are not commonly known.Method and results:This paper presents the instruments within the tonsillectomy tray, providing a brief biography of their respective surgeon namesakes. The list captures over two centuries of surgical history, and spans the disciplines of ENT, general surgery, gynaecology, anaesthetics and paediatric surgery.Conclusion:This is the first publication to undertake a historical study of the ensemble of surgeon inventors responsible for the instruments in the tonsillectomy tray as it is today. In furthering knowledge of our forbearer surgeon inventors, who have shaped the tonsillectomy procedure as it is safely performed today, we enrich our understanding of the history of our profession and build appreciation for the instruments employed daily. We may even be inspired to continue the tradition of evolving the craft.
Factors affecting myringoplasty success
Authors: Carr S D , Strachan D R , Raine C H 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjective:To identify factors that significantly influence myringoplasty success.Methods:A retrospective study was performed of all adults and children who underwent myringoplasty from January 2005 to January 2010 in a teaching hospital. Outcome measures were tympanic membrane perforation closure and air–bone gap closure to within 20 dB HL. The factors assessed were the surgeon grade, pre-operative condition of the ipsilateral and contralateral middle ears, perforation site, perforation size, graft material, and whether simultaneous cortical mastoidectomy was performed. Factors with statistically significant effects were determined by logistic regression analysis.Results:In the adult group, the perforation site significantly influenced tympanic membrane closure (p = 0.016): anterior (p = 0.008) and subtotal (p = 0.017) sites had the greatest influence. None of the factors proved to have a significant influence on tympanic membrane closure in the paediatric group.Conclusion:There was a significant association between perforation site and tympanic membrane perforation closure in adults. Anterior and subtotal perforations had a significantly reduced closure rate.
A triadic perspective on elder neglect within the home care arrangement
Authors: AYALON LIAT 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThe present study evaluates a conceptual model of elder neglect within the home care arrangement that takes into consideration the older adult, his or her family members, and the home care worker. Data from 223 complete care-giving units, which consist of an older adult, a family member and a home care worker, were analysed using structural equation modelling. Overall, 31.5 per cent of the older adults, 18 per cent of the care workers and 32.3 per cent of the family members reported at least one type of elder neglect. The proposed model showed a reasonable fit to the data. There was an inverse effect from type of home care to family member's burden and elder neglect, with live-in (around the clock) care being associated with lower levels of family member burden and elder neglect compared with live-out Israeli home care (provided for several hours per week). The amount of informal assistance provided by family members was inversely related to the amount of burden reported by home care workers, with greater informal assistance being associated with lower levels of worker burden. The findings call for the important role of formal home care by demonstrating a potentially protective effect for live-in migrant home care. The study also emphasises the shared burden between formal and informal sources of care.
Building Health Care System Capacity: Training Health Care Professionals in Disaster Preparedness Health Care Coalitions
Authors: Walsh Lauren , Craddock Hillary , Gulley Kelly , Strauss-Riggs Kandra , Schor Kenneth W. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to learn from the experiences of well-established, disaster preparedness-focused health care coalition (HCC) leaders for the purpose of identifying opportunities for improved delivery of disaster-health principles to health professionals involved in HCCs. This report describes current HCC education and training needs, challenges, and promising practices.MethodsA semi-structured interview was conducted with a sample of leaders of nine preparedness-focused HCCs identified through a 3-stage purposive strategy. Transcripts were analyzed qualitatively.ResultsTraining needs included: stakeholder engagement; economic sustainability; communication; coroner and mortuary services; chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives (CBRNE); mass-casualty incidents; and exercise design. Of these identified training needs, stakeholder engagement, economic sustainability, and exercise design were relevant to leaders within HCCs, as opposed to general HCC membership. Challenges to education and training included a lack of time, little-to-no staff devoted to training, and difficulty getting coalition members to prioritize training. Promising practices to these challenges are also presented.ConclusionsThe success of mature coalitions in improving situational awareness, promoting planning, and enabling staff- and resource-sharing suggest the strengths and opportunities that are inherent within these organizations. However, offering effective education and training opportunities is a challenge in the absence of ubiquitous support, incentives, or requirements among health care professions. Notably, an online resource repository would help reduce the burden on individual coalitions by eliminating the need to continually develop learning opportunities.WalshL, CraddockH, GulleyK, Strauss-RiggsK, SchorKW. Building health care system capacity: training health care professionals in disaster preparedness health care coalitions. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(2):1-8.
SINCERITY AND REFLEXIVE SATIRE IN ANTHONY TROLLOPE’STHE STRUGGLES OF BROWN, JONES AND ROBINSON
Authors: Titolo Matthew 
Published: February 2015

Despite the recent revivalof interest in the works of Anthony Trollope, his short novelThe Struggles of Brown, Jones and Robinsonhas largely escaped serious attention. Trollope called the book a “satire on the ways of trade,” (Autobiography106) and serialized it inCornhill Magazine, 1861–62. The novel turned out to be a critical and commercial failure, perhaps because it marked a dramatic departure from the familiar social comedy ofBarsetshirenovels. Contemporary reviewers called it “coarse,” “odiously vulgar,” and “unmitigated rubbish.” Later readers were no more generous. C. P. Snow judgedSBJR“one of the least funny books ever written” and thought Trollope had “perpetrated idiocy. . .” by writing it (95–96).
TWILIGHT OF THE IDYLLS: WILDE, TENNYSON, ANDFIN-DE-SIÈCLEANTI-IDEALISM
Authors: Miller Elizabeth Carolyn 
Published: February 2015

In the climactic finaleto the first act of Oscar Wilde's 1895 playAn Ideal Husband, Gertrude Chiltern convinces her husband, a Member of Parliament, not to support the construction of a boondoggle Argentinean canal. Gertrude, not her husband, is the ostensibly moral character here, since the canal's only purpose is to create wealth for its stockholders, but the language she uses in this impassioned speech quotes Guinevere, the contrite fallen wife in Alfred Tennyson'sIdylls of the King. Near the end of theIdylls, recognizing that her infidelity has occasioned war, turmoil, and the end of Arthur's reign, Guinevere laments:Ah my God,What might I not have made of thy fair world,Had I but loved thy highest creature here?It was my duty to have loved the highest:It surely was my profit had I known:It would have been my pleasure had I seen.We needs must love the highest when we see it (G 649–56)Repeating these words and ideas under drastically different circumstances, Lady Chiltern tells her husband in the finale to Wilde's first act: “I don't think you realise sufficiently, Robert, that you have brought into the political life of our time a nobler atmosphere, a finer attitude towards life, a freer air of purer aims and higher ideals – I know it, and for that I love you, Robert. . . . I will love you always, because you will always be worthy of love. We needs must love the highest when we see it!” (Ideal69).
REALIST NETWORKS: RECENT WORK ON VICTORIAN REALISM
Authors: Thorndike-Breeze Rebecca 
Published: February 2015

In his recently published bookThe Antinomies of Realism, Fredric Jameson presents his take on the pervasive struggle between the realist mode's origins and its ostensible demise. Throughout his career, Jameson has been dissatisfied with the numerous binary oppositions into which realism is so often inserted and the insufficiently historicized value judgments that tend to go with them. In this new work, Jameson argues that realism is instead caught between and constituted by the opposing poles of story and affect. He argues that “the irrevocable antagonism between [these] twin (and entwined) forces . . . are never reconciled, never fold back into one another in some ultimate reconciliation and identity; and the very force and pungency of the realist writing [here examined] is predicated on that tension, which must remain an impossible one, under pain of losing itself altogether and dissipating if it is ever resolved in favor of one of the parties to the struggle” (11). Jameson locates the “final battle” between the antinomies of realism “in the microstructures of language” and “against the dominance of point of view which seems to hold the affective impulses in check and lend them the organizing attribution of a central consciousness” (11). For Jameson, this formal and linguistic face-off “exhaust[s] and destroy[s]” realism, and whatever “odd assortment of random tools and techniques” we recognize in the post-nineteenth-century world are but remnants of realism's “shriveled posterity” (11). Thus, Jameson insists the book of realism is closed, and as Harry Shaw has noted, “he appears . . . to have maintained a consistent line throughout his career” (Narrating Reality27n31).