bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cognitive behavior-aided counseling on entrepreneurial self-efficacy of students of home economics education in South-East Nigeria
Authors: Nwakpadolu Glory Mmachukwu , Ede Moses Onyemaechi , Nwadi Calister Lebechukwu , Ede Kelechi Ruth , Okoro Joy Oluchukwu , Onyishi Uchechukwu Charles , Omeke Faith , Oneli Joy Obiageli 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Raising potential entrepreneurs to advance the economy of nations through education has been projected by scholars. On the contrary, Nigerian students lack the enthusiasm and internal force to pursue the aims enshrined in their courses of study. Rather they prefer white-cola jobs to the entrepreneurial intention of the institutions. Given this reason, we tested the effect of cognitive behavior-aided counseling on entrepreneurial self-efficacy of students of Home Economics in South-East Nigeria.

Methods:
This is a pretest and posttest with a follow-up group randomized control design. A total of 119 Home Economics Education students from Universities and Colleges of Education were measured and screened using an entrepreneurial self-efficacy scale and inclusion criteria. Data collected from the pretest, post-test, and follow-up test were statistically analyzed using repeated measures of Analysis of Variance statistical method. The effect size of the cognitive behavior-aided counseling intervention on entrepreneurial self-efficacy was reported using partial eta square. The follow-up data was tested using a Univariate analysis.

Results:
The result showed that cognitive behavior-aided counseling intervention had a significant effect on entrepreneurial self-efficacy among the Universities and Colleges of Education in South-East Nigeria. A follow-up result also showed that intervention had a significant effect on participants’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy.
Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia after percutaneous kyphoplasty: A case report
Authors: Wang Pengrui , Song Meina , Zhu Xinxin , Ren Weihong , Li Haixiao , Cao Sanli , Sun Shuhua , Pan Wei , Shi Shaohui 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is a minimally invasive technique employed for treating vertebral compression fractures. Although PKP is simple and relatively safe, severe complications are possible. Here, we report a new, severe complication linked to this procedure, namely nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI).

Patient concerns:
An 83-year-old female patient, previously in good health, fell backward, landing on her buttocks, and subsequently experienced persistent low-back pain that exacerbated during turning or sitting up.

Diagnoses:
Lumbar spine radiography revealed wedge deformity of the L1 vertebral body. Lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging indicated a fresh compression fracture of the L1 vertebral body.

Interventions:
On the 2nd day following the trauma, the patient underwent PKP under local anesthesia. Anesthesia was satisfactory, and the procedure progressed smoothly.

Outcomes:
The patient experienced mild discomfort in the right abdomen within the 1st hour to 3 days postoperatively, mild abdominal distension on the 4th day, and sudden severe abdominal pain on the 5th day. Immediate abdominal computed tomography revealed ischemic changes in the ascending colon and hepatic flexure, accompanied by hepatic portal venous gas. An hour later, abdominal pain spontaneously subsided. Approximately 5 hours later, an enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed no filling defects in the mesenteric vasculature, absence of luminal narrowing or occlusion, enhanced intestinal walls, and a notable improvement in hepatic portal venous gas. Considering NOMI and ischemia related to superior mesenteric artery spasm, vasodilator therapy (papaverine hydrochloride) was initiated, leading to favorable outcomes. On day 17, pathological examination of the hepatic flexure revealed moderate, acute, and chronic mucosal inflammation, along with interstitial fibrous tissue proliferation, providing clear evidence supporting ischemic changes. She was discharged on day 18 after a successful recovery.

Lessons:
The occurrence of NOMI after PKP is uncommon. Yet, once it happens, delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis can lead to serious consequences such as intestinal necrosis and abdominal infection, even endangering the patient’s life. We currently lack experience in preventing this complication, but timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention are effective measures in treating such complications.
Thyroid dysfunction and risk of different types of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Jianbo , Huang Zhenxing , Liang Chunfeng , Yun Zhang , Huang Lili , Liu Yuping , Luo Zuojie 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The impact of thyroid function on the risk of various types of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), remains unclear. This meta-analysis investigates the association between thyroid dysfunction and the risk of these dementia types, aiming to inform strategies for dementia prevention.

Methods:
A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for studies published up to February 2023, focusing on the risk of thyroid dysfunction in dementia. We excluded duplicates, studies without full text, those with incomplete data, animal studies, case reports, and reviews. Data analysis was performed using STATA 15.1 software.

Results:
Our analysis indicated that overt hyperthyroidism significantly increases the risk of all studied dementia types (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.04–1.35). In contrast, overt hypothyroidism was associated with a decreased risk of AD (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55–0.98) and VD (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.62–0.82). Subclinical hyperthyroidism also showed a significant association with an increased risk of any dementia (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.09–1.46) and specifically VD (OR = 6.70; 95% CI: 1.38–32.58).

Conclusion:
This study suggests that overt hypothyroidism may reduce the risk of dementia, including AD and VD, whereas overt and subclinical hyperthyroidism are linked to an increased risk. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring thyroid function as a preventative measure against dementia.
Tremendous and infrequently adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast without any metastasis for more than 20 years: A case report
Authors: Liu Ye , Zhu Lichao , Guo Lei , Yang Haiyuan , Wang Shuqing , Sun Guoxin , Li Jiang , Liu Kuan , Wang Changyou , Huang Shengli , Zhao Yating 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
Breast adenoid cystic carcinoma is an extremely rare tumor that is incompletely understood, accounting for less than <0.1% of all breast cancers, with an average diameter of 3 cm, and it is extremely rare to see a large, non-metastatic breast adenoid cystic carcinoma with a diameter of about 30 cm. Since this disease is extremely rare, there are few reports in the literature and limited data on clinical diagnosis and treatment. We present a case of a 71-year-old woman with a large, non-metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma of the left breast and share our opinion on the diagnosis and treatment of this case.

Patient concerns:
A 71-year-old woman with a 20-year-old left breast mass with local bleeding and rupture for 1 hour presented to our hospital for further diagnosis and treatment. A computed tomography scan showed a large soft tissue mass shadow in the left breast and malignancy was considered. Subsequently, tissue aspiration pathology was performed and the results confirmed adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast.

Diagnosis:
Intraoperative pathology results of radical mastectomy for left breast cancer diagnosed adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast and immunohistochemistry results of triple-negative breast cancer.

Interventions and Outcomes:
Treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast included neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer, radical mastectomy of the left breast, and postoperative chemotherapy. Initially, neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer was performed, and the TAC regimen was used to successfully reduce the size of the tumor and gain access to surgical treatment for breast cancer. The patient has recovered well after the surgery, with no wound infection or ulceration, and is now waiting for the patient’s physical function to recover for postoperative chemotherapy, with no obvious discomfort.

Lessons:
Adenoid cystic carcinoma tumors are usually around 3 cm; such a huge 30 cm adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast is extremely rare, and it is extremely rare to find a breast malignancy that has not developed regional lymph node and distant metastases for more than 20 years. Clinicians must remain vigilant for early breast malignancies at a high age of incidence and conduct further research for diagnosis to avoid delays.
Refractory Thrombocytopenia is the Earliest Diagnostic Criterion for Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome in Children
Authors: Consonni Filippo , Ciulli Alice , Cuzzubbo Daniela , Frenos Stefano , Sanvito Maria Chiara , Tondo Annalisa , Tintori Veronica , Gambineri Eleonora 
Published: August 2024

Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a life-threatening complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), whose diagnostic criteria changed over time to achieve a timelier diagnosis. Recently, pediatric-specific criteria presented by the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (pEBMT) incorporated transfusion-refractory thrombocytopenia (RT) as an early indicator of SOS in children. However, a comparison of all individual diagnostic parameters belonging to pEBMT and former SOS diagnostic criteria has never been performed. This retrospective study conducted at a pediatric tertiary care hospital analyzed all pediatric HSCT cases diagnosed with SOS among 170 children transplanted from 2009 to 2023. Eleven patients developed SOS during this period (incidence: 11/170, 6.5%). pEBMT, Seattle, and Baltimore criteria were retrospectively applied to the 11 cases and compared, showing that RT was the earliest fulfilled parameter (median onset: 6 d post-HSCT). pEBMT and Seattle criteria identified 11/11 SOS cases, with pEBMT leading to an earlier diagnosis. RT typically manifested before diagnosis, with significantly higher platelet transfusion requirements before diagnosis than after. RT is the earliest satisfied criterion in pediatric SOS and typically occurs in the initial stages of the disease before diagnosis. Further research is needed to identify additional early indicators of pediatric SOS.
Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Adults Living With HIV
Authors: Lee Jung Eun , Haynes Emily R. , Chan Philip A. 
Published: August 2024

Background
As individuals living with HIV age, they often experience both physical and psychological symptoms—along with potential reductions in social support—which can significantly affect their health-related quality of life (HRQOL)—a crucial measure in HIV care. However, research exploring the potential predictive roles of social support and symptom experiences in HRQOL among older people living with HIV (PLWH) is limited.

Objectives
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate relationships between social support, symptom experiences, and HRQOL in older adults with HIV.

Methods
Older adults with HIV aged ≥50 years completed surveys on demographic and HIV-related characteristics, social support, four symptoms, and HRQOL. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine predictors for six HRQOL domains.

Results
Among the 141 PLWH, significant associations were found between fatigue and health perceptions, physical functioning, and role functioning. Sleep disturbance was a significant predictor of health perceptions and social functioning. Anxiety displayed associations with physical functioning, role functioning, mental health, and pain. Depression was linked to health perceptions and mental health aspects of HRQOL. Notably, social support was not associated with any HRQOL domains.

Discussion
These findings underscore the importance of assessing a range of common symptoms to enhance HRQOL among older adults living with HIV, necessitating tailored symptom management strategies for this growing population.
Patients’ Experiences of Health After Surgical Treatment for Paraesophageal Hernia Grades III and IV
Authors: Wennström Berith , Lindberg Susan , Svensson Johanna , Larsson Elin , Stensby Helen , Larsson Per-Anders 
Published: August 2024

Surgery is the only available treatment for the longstanding chronic symptoms associated with large paraesophageal hernias except for reflux disease. The aim of this study was to illuminate how patients who previously suffered from grade III-IV hiatal hernia experience their life and health 2–6 months after surgery. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with 17 patients who received elective laparoscopic hernia repair for a large paraesophageal hernia. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, resulting in three main themes: “Experiences of health,” “Being unable to leave the disease behind,” and “Still feeling unwell” and seven subthemes: “Escaping suffering”; “Learning to interpret bodily signals”; “Looking to the future with confidence”; “Finding oneself in a vicious circle of worry”; “The fear of relapse as a constant companion”; “Lingering disabling symptoms,” and “New and frightening symptoms.” Our study demonstrates large individual variations in the way patients experience their life and health after laparoscopic hernia repair. Central to the patients’ descriptions is that simply feeling physically healthy is insufficient for achieving overall health. Health care personnel can benefit from learning about patients’ experiences of health and suffering after surgery.
Digital: accelerating the pathway
Authors: Davis Andrew , Waldon Chris , Muldrew Stuart I. , Patel Bhavin S. , Verrier Patricia , Barrett Thomas R. , Politis Gerasimos A. 
Published: August 2024

The Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) programme is an ambitious but challenging endeavour to design and deliver a prototype fusion power plant. It is a rapid, fast-moving programme, designing a first of a kind device in a Volatile, Uncertain, Complex and Ambiguous (VUCA) environment, and digital tools play a pivotal role in managing and navigating this space. Digital helps manage the complexity and sheer volume of information. Advanced modelling and simulation techniques provide a platform for designers to explore various scenarios and iteratively refine designs, providing insights into the intricate interplay of requirements, constraints and design factors across physics, technology and engineering domains and aiding informed decision-making amidst uncertainties. It also provides a means of building confidence in the new scientific, technological and engineering solutions, given that a full-scale-integrated precursor test is not feasible, almost by definition. The digital strategy for STEP is built around a vision of a digital twin of the whole plant. This will evolve from the current digital shadow formed by system architecting codes and complex workflows and will be underpinned by developing capabilities in plasma, materials and engineering simulation, data management, advanced control, industrial cybersecurity, regulation, digital technologies and related digital disciplines. These capabilities will help address the key challenges of managing the complexity and quantity of information, improving the reliability and robustness of the current digital shadow and developing an understanding of its validity and performance.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Delivering Fusion Energy – The Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP)’.
Unlocking maintenance—architecting STEP for maintenance and realizing remountable magnet joints
Authors: van Arkel Adrian , Lamb Chris , Robinson Harry , Dieudonné Yannik 
Published: August 2024

The architecture of the Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) has been developed to enable a hybrid maintenance approach using ports in the vacuum vessel for a limited list of tasks that must be performed shortly after shutdown, and larger openings to simplify and speed up major refits. Robotic handling systems in zero-human entry facilities will prevent workers from being exposed to the most hazardous environments. While the approach is largely grounded in existing technologies, the scale and environment of STEP will require significant technology development. Notably, programmes have been established to develop service connections and in-vessel robotic technologies. The engineering integration of the maintenance strategy into the tokamak remains a priority, as does ongoing work to simplify and reduce the cost of the buildings required to facilitate maintenance. Remountable magnet joints are critical to ensuring life-limited magnet components can be replaced during the STEP lifetime and realizing the STEP maintenance strategy. It is a high-risk endeavour owing to the low technology maturity of the potential solutions and owing to the tough and intertwined technical challenges and constraints imposed by both the fundamental physics and the STEP requirements and architecture. An integrated design approach has been taken to balance many competing factors and integrate with interfacing systems, and a multi-faceted technology development programme has been established to address technical risk and to inform, verify and validate the STEP remountable magnet design.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Delivering Fusion Energy – The Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP)’.
Biallelic variants inDAP3result in reduced assembly of the mitoribosomal small subunit with altered intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis and a Perrault syndrome-spectrum phenotype
Authors: Smith Thomas B. , Kopajtich Robert , Demain Leigh A.M. , Rea Alessandro , Thomas Huw B. , Schiff Manuel , Beetz Christian , Joss Shelagh , Conway Gerard S. , Shukla Anju , Yeole Mayuri , Radhakrishnan Periyasamy , Azzouz Hatem , Chehida Amel Ben , Elmaleh-Bergès Monique , Glasgow Ruth I.C. , Thompson Kyle , Oláhová Monika , He Langping , Jenkinson Emma M. , Jahic Amir , Belyantseva Inna A. , Barzik Melanie , Urquhart Jill E. , O’ Sullivan James , Williams Simon G. , Bhaskar Sanjeev S. , Carrera Samantha , Blakes Alexander J.M. , Banka Siddharth , Yue Wyatt W. , Ellingford Jamie M. , Houlden Henry ,   DDD Study, Munro Kevin J. , Friedman Thomas B. , Taylor Robert W. , Prokisch Holger , O’Keefe Raymond T. , Newman William G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe mitoribosome synthesizes 13 protein subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system encoded by the mitochondrial genome. The mitoribosome is composed of 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and 82 mitoribosomal proteins encoded by nuclear genes. To date, variants in 12 genes encoding mitoribosomal proteins are associated with rare monogenic disorders, and frequently show combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency. Here, we describe five unrelated individuals with biallelic variants in theDAP3nuclear gene encoding mitoribosomal small subunit 29 (MRPS29), with variable clinical presentations ranging from Perrault syndrome (sensorineural hearing loss and ovarian insufficiency) to an early childhood neurometabolic phenotype. Assessment of respiratory chain function and proteomic profiling of fibroblasts from affected individuals demonstrated reduced MRPS29 protein levels, and consequently decreased levels of additional protein components of the mitoribosomal small subunit, associated with a combined complex I and IV deficiency. Lentiviral transduction of fibroblasts from affected individuals with wild-typeDAP3cDNA increased DAP3 mRNA expression, and partially rescued protein levels of MRPS7, MRPS9 and complex I and IV subunits, demonstrating the pathogenicity of theDAP3variants. Protein modelling suggested thatDAP3disease-associated missense variants can impact ADP binding, andin vitroassays demonstratedDAP3variants can consequently reduce both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic sensitivity, DAP3 thermal stability and DAP3 GTPase activity. Our study presents genetic and functional evidence that biallelic variants inDAP3result in a multisystem disorder of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency with pleiotropic presentations, consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction.
Neither fifty percent slow-wave sleep suppression nor fifty percent rapid eye movement sleep suppression does impair memory consolidation
Authors: Ukraintseva Yulia V. , Saltykov Konstantin A. , Tkachenko Olga N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEstablishing well-defined relationships between sleep features and memory consolidation is essential in comprehending the pathophysiology of cognitive decline commonly seen in patients with insomnia, depression, and other sleep-disrupting conditions.Twenty-eight volunteers participated in two experimental sessions: a session with selective SWS suppression during one night and a session with undisturbed night sleep (as a control condition). Fifteen of them also participated in a third session with REM suppression. Suppression was achieved by presenting an acoustic tone. In the evening and the morning, the participants completed procedural and declarative memory tasks and the Psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). Heart rate variability analysis and salivary cortisol were used to control possible stress reactions on sleep interference.SWS and REM suppression led to more than 50 percent reduction in amount of these stages. Neither vigilance nor memory consolidation was impaired after SWS or REM suppression. Unexpectedly, a beneficial effect of selective SWS suppression on PVT performance was found. Similarly, after a night with SWS suppression, the overnight improvement in procedural skills was higher than after a night with REM suppression and after a night with undisturbed sleep.Our data brings into question the extent to which SWS and REM are truly necessary for effective memory consolidation to proceed. Moreover, SWS suppression may even improve the performance of some tasks, possibly by reducing sleep inertia associated with undisturbed sleep.HighlightsOur data brings into question the extent to which SWS and REM are truly necessary for effective memory consolidation to proceed.Provided that sleep disturbances do not cause stress, half the usual amount of SWS or REM is sufficient for procedural and declarative memory consolidation.Moreover, SWS suppression may even improve the performance of psychomotor vigilance task and finger sequence tapping task, possibly by reducing sleep inertia associated with undisturbed night sleep.
The Lomb-Scargle periodogram-based differentially expressed gene detection along pseudotime
Authors: Iuchi Hitoshi , Hamada Michiaki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMotivationIn recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has provided high-resolution snapshots of biological processes and has contributed to the understanding of cell dynamics. Trajectory inference has the potential to provide a quantitative representation of cell dynamics, and several trajectory inference algorithms have been developed. However, the downstream analysis of trajectory inference, such as the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEG), remains challenging.ResultsIn this study, we introduce a Lomb-Scargle (LS) periodogram-based algorithm for identifying DEGs associated with pseudotime in a trajectory analysis. The algorithm is capable of analyzing any inferred trajectory, including tree structures with multiple branching points, leading to diverse cell types. We validated this approach using simulated data and real datasets, and our results showed that our approach was superior when performing DEG analysis on complex structured trajectories. Our approach will contribute to gene characterization in trajectory analysis and help gain deeper biological insights.AvailabilityAll code used in our proposed method can be found athttps://github.com/hiuchi/LS.Contacthitoshi.iuchi@hamadalab.comSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available atJournal Nameonline.