bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronas, reaction rims, symplectites and emplacement depth of the Rymmen gabbro, Transscandinavian Igneous Belt, southern Sweden
Authors: Claeson D. T. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractReactions between olivine and plagioclase form kelyphytic corona textures in the Rymmen gabbro, southern Sweden. The coronas surround olivine and consist of enstatite ± amphibole and phlogopite, combined with an outer rim of symplectic intergrowth of green spinel and amphibole. Corona reactions took place in fractures within olivine prior to the formation of chlorite, serpentine, and magnetite in the fractures at cooler conditions. Disequilibrium between olivine and plagioclase has been put forward as an explanation for the corona formation. However, inclusions of plagioclase in olivine show that there is no reaction between these minerals, since no new minerals formed between them. The conclusion drawn is that the most important factor for development of kelyphytic structures in the Rymmen gabbro is contact with a late deuteric fluid in an environment where olivine and plagioclase are close to each other. Temperature estimates for the formation of the kelyphytic coronas in the Rymmen gabbro yield consistent temperatures of around 800 ± 30°C and pressures 6–8 kbar, which indicate emplacement at a depth of 20–30 km in the crust. Late deuteric fluids caused olivine replacement by intergrown orthopyroxene and magnetite, in Fe-Ti oxide-rich rocks only. In these, plagioclase is replaced by symplectite when in contact with ilmenite and magnetite. It is noted that the symplectite minerals have low Ti contents. This suggests that the Fe-Ti oxide was a catalyst for the reaction between plagioclase and late-stage aqueous fluids rather than being a reactant, alternatively that the magnetite/ilmenite was a reactant and Ti was retained in the oxide.
BCL-6 protein is expressed in precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma and in prenatal and postnatal thymus
Authors: Hyjek Elizabeth , Chadburn Amy , Liu Yi Fang , Cesarman Ethel , Knowles Daniel M. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
The organization and expression of the BCL-6 gene in normal and neoplastic thymic T cells has not been fully determined. We examined 8 precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas (T-LBLs) and found significant BCL-6 expression in 4 cases. Three of the BCL-6+ cases expressed a common thymocyte phenotype (CD4+, CD8+), and one expressed a precursor thymocyte phenotype (CD4−, CD8−). In 6 cases evaluated, including those expressing BCL-6, molecular analyses demonstrated a germline configuration of the BCL-6 gene and a wild-type BCL-6 gene first exon-intron boundary region. We also evaluated 12 normal prenatal and postnatal thymuses for BCL-6 protein. BCL-6 was expressed by most cortical thymocytes and by scattered medullary thymocytes. BCL-6+ cortical and medullary thymocytes also expressed CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, or CD8. We further analyzed the pattern of BCL-2 and BCL-XL expression and their coexpression with BCL-6 in normal thymus and T-LBL and compared it to that of follicle centers of reactive lymph nodes and follicular lymphoma. BCL-6+ cortical thymocytes coexpressed BCL-XLbut not BCL-2. All 4 BCL-6+ T-LBLs and 4 BCL-6− T-LBLs coexpressed BCL-2 and BCL-XL. Conceivably, T-LBLs may arise through clonal expansion of cortical thymocytes normally expressing the BCL-6 protein. The pattern of BCL-6, BCL-2, and BCL-XL expression in cortical thymocytes is highly reminiscent of germinal centers, and the abnormal coexpression of BCL-2, BCL-XL, and BCL-6 in T-LBL is analogous to coexpression in follicle center cell lymphomas, suggesting that coexpression of these anti-apoptotic genes may contribute to the pathogenesis of T-LBL.
Human CD34+ stem cells express the hiwigene, a human homologue of the Drosophila genepiwi
Authors: Sharma Arun K. , Nelson Mary C. , Brandt John E. , Wessman Maija , Mahmud Nadim , Weller Kevin P. , Hoffman Ronald 
Published: July 2002

AbstractHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by their dual abilities to undergo differentiation into multiple hematopoietic cell lineages or to undergo self-renewal. The molecular basis of these properties remains poorly understood. Recently the piwigene was found in the embryonic germline stem cells (GSCs) ofDrosophila melanogaster and has been shown to be important in GSC self-renewal. This study demonstrated that hiwi, a novel human homologue of piwi, is also present in human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells but not in more differentiated cell populations. Placing CD34+ cells into culture conditions that supported differentiation and rapid exit from the stem cell compartment resulted in a loss of hiwiexpression by day 5 of a 14-day culture period. Expression of thehiwi gene was detected in many developing fetal and adult tissues. By means of 5′ RACE cloning methodology, a novel putative full-length hiwi complementary DNA was cloned from human CD34+ marrow cells. At the amino acid level, the human HIWI protein was 52% homologous to the Drosophilaprotein. The transient expression of hiwi in the human leukemia cell line KG1 resulted in a dramatic reduction in cellular proliferation. Overexpression of hiwi led to programmed cell death of KG1 cells as demonstrated by the Annexin V assay system. These studies suggest that hiwi maybe an important negative developmental regulator, which, in part, underlies the unique biologic properties associated with hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
Neoplastic T cells in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma express CD10
Authors: Attygalle Ayoma , Al-Jehani Rajai , Diss Tim C. , Munson Phillipa , Liu Hongxiang , Du Ming-Qing , Isaacson Peter G. , Dogan Ahmet 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a systemic disease involving lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. Although the histologic features have been well described, the diagnosis is often challenging, as there are no specific phenotypic or molecular markers available. This study shows that the neoplastic cells of AITL can be identified by aberrant CD10 expression. Archival material from 30 cases of AITL, 10 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (PTL), and 10 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia were reviewed. Single and double immunostaining for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD21, CD10, BCL6, Ki67, and LMP-1 in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr early region and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for T-cell receptor gamma chain gene and immunoglobulin heavy chain gene were performed. Three overlapping histologic patterns with hyperplastic follicles, depleted follicles, or without follicles were identified in AITL. Of the 30 cases of AITL, 27 contained CD10+ T cells. No CD10+ T cells were present in the cases of PTL or reactive hyperplasia. PCR confirmed a monoclonal or oligoclonal T-cell population in 29 of 30 cases of AITL and a monoclonal B-cell population in 6 cases. Analysis of microdissected CD10+ single cells showed that they belonged to the neoplastic clone. In conclusion CD10 is a phenotypic marker that specifically identifies the tumor cells in 90% of AITL, including the early cases. The presence of these cells distinguishes AITL from other PTLs. This finding provides an objective criterion for accurate and early diagnosis of AITL.
The Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) induces cellular interleukin 6 expression: role of the KSHV latency-associated nuclear antigen and the AP1 response element
Authors: An Jiabin , Lichtenstein Alan K. , Brent Gregory , Rettig Matthew B. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Cellular interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an important growth factor for Kaposi sarcoma– associated herpesvirus (KSHV)–associated neoplasms, which include human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related and -unrelated cases of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). Increased IL-6 levels are found in tissues affected with these diseases, and KSHV exists in a latent state in the majority of virally infected cells. In addition, acute infection with KSHV up-regulates IL-6 expression in endothelial cells. Thus, the hypothesis was considered that a latent KSHV gene product up-regulates IL-6 expression. To evaluate this hypothesis, the KSHV latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) was expressed in human embryonal kidney 293 cells and a bone marrow stromal cell line. LANA up-regulates IL-6 expression by inducing transcription from the IL-6 promoter, and the AP1 response element within the IL-6 promoter is necessary for and mediates IL-6 up-regulation by LANA. Thus, LANA may play a key pathophysiologic role in KSHV-associated neoplasms by functioning to up-regulate expression of IL-6.
Lipid rafts mediate biosynthetic transport to the T lymphocyte uropod subdomain and are necessary for uropod integrity and function
Authors: Millán Jaime , Montoya Marı́a C. , Sancho David , Sánchez-Madrid Francisco , Alonso Miguel A. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Polarized migrating T cells possess 2 poles, the uropod protrusion at the rear and the leading edge at the front, with specific protein composition and function. The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a prototypical molecule that uses lipid rafts for biosynthetic transport to the apical surface in polarized epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. In this study, HA was used as a tool to investigate the role of lipid rafts in vectorial protein traffic in polarized T lymphocytes. Results show that newly synthesized HA becomes selectively targeted to the uropod subdomain in polarized T lymphoblasts. HA incorporates into rafts soon after biosynthesis, suggesting that delivery of HA to the uropod occurs through a pathway of transport reminiscent of that used for its specific targeting to the apical surface. HA and the adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3), CD44, and CD43, 3 endogenous uropod markers, were detected in surface rafts of T lymphoblasts. Cholesterol, a major component of lipid rafts, was predominantly located in the uropod. Disruption of lipid raft integrity by cholesterol sequestration produced unclustering of ICAM-3 and the loss of uropodia and severely impaired processes that require a polarized phenotype such as intercellular aggregation and cell migration. Collectively, these results indicate that lipid rafts constitute a route for selective targeting of proteins to the uropod and that the rafts are essential for the generation, maintenance, and functionality of T-cell anteroposterior polarity.
Semi‐global output regulation of continuous‐time linear systems subject to input saturation via output feedback: A model‐free method
Authors: Fu Zhuofan , Zhao Zhiyun 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThis article considers the output regulation problem of continuous‐time linear systems subject to input saturation in the scenario that the system dynamics are unknown. Based on the low‐gain technique and the output feedback technique, we construct an output feedback control law to solve the output regulation problem with input saturation. Since the system dynamics are unknown, we estimate the feedback and feedforward terms in the control law with a two‐step data‐driven method. An output feedback adaptive dynamic programming algorithm is proposed to estimate the feedback term. An online updating algorithm based on output tracking error is proposed to estimate the feedforward term directly without solving the output regulation equations. Both algorithms don't rely on the measurement of the internal states of the exosystem and the original system. We show that the input saturation caused by the iterative feedforward gain matrix in the online updating algorithm doesn't affect the convergence of the algorithm. With these two data‐driven algorithms, the control law doesn't rely on the dynamics anymore. The low‐gain control law obtained by the model‐free method prevents input saturation from occurring and hence solves the output regulation problem. Finally, a numerical example is provided to validate the theoretical results.
Giant Tunneling Electro‐Resistance in Ultrathin Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions: The Interface Barrier Gain Mechanism
Authors: Yu Xing , Zhang Xiwen , Ma Liang , Wang Jinlan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUltrathin ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) hold considerable promise for next‐generation, high‐speed, low‐power, and high‐density nonvolatile memory applications. Achieving a substantial tunneling electro‐resistance (TER) remains a challenge as the ferroelectric layer is thinned to nanoscale dimensions, often resulting in a diminished or lost polarization. An innovative interface barrier gain mechanism is introduced, employing interface electronic state modulation to precisely control the size of an additional interface barrier. This strategy lessens the dependency of the tunneling barrier on ferroelectric polarization strength, facilitating a remarkable TER even at ferroelectric thicknesses as minimal as ≈1 nm. The focus is on composite FTJs using In2Se3/MTe2 (M = Mo, W), where the inclusion of an MTe2 monolayer disrupts the asymmetric electrode configuration. The weak ferroelectric polarization reversal of the In2Se3 monolayer effectively modulates the electronic state coupling at the In2Se3/MTe2 interface. This modulation leads to variations in the width and height of the Schottky barrier at the heterojunction‐electrode interface corresponding with the ferroelectric polarization reversal, establishing a beneficial Ohmic contact in the “on” state and resulting in an exponential TER increase up to 5.4 × 106%. This work introduces a universal mechanism to overcome the thickness limitations traditionally associated with enhancing TER, marking a significant advancement in the development of ultrathin ferroelectric nonvolatile devices.
Decoupled Temperature–Pressure Sensing System for Deep Learning Assisted Human–Machine Interaction
Authors: Chen Zhaoyang , Liu Shun , Kang Pengyuan , Wang Yalong , Liu Hu , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of intelligent wearable technology, multimodal tactile sensors capable of data acquisition, decoupling of intermixed signals, and information processing have attracted increasing attention. Herein, a decoupled temperature–pressure dual‐mode sensor is developed based on single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) decorated porous melamine foam (MF), integrating with a deep learning algorithm to obtain a multimodal input terminal. Importantly, the synergistic effect of PEDOT:PSS and SWCNT facilitates the sensor with ideal decoupling capability and sensitivity toward both temperature (38.2 µV K−1) and pressure (10.8% kPa−1) based on the thermoelectric and piezoresistive effects, respectively. Besides, the low thermal conductivity and excellent compressibility of MF also endow it with the merits of a low‐temperature detection limit (0.03 K), fast pressure response (120 ms), and long‐term stability. Benefiting from the outstanding sensing characteristics, the assembled sensor array showcases good capacity for identifying spatial distribution of temperature and pressure signals. With the assistance of a deep learning algorithm, it displays high recognition accuracy of 99% and 98% corresponding to “touch” and “press” actions, respectively, and realizes the encrypted transmission of information and accurate identification of random input sequences, providing a promising strategy for the design of high‐accuracy multimodal sensing platform in human–machine interaction.
Feasibility and Structural Transformation of Electrodeposited Copper Foils for Graphene Synthesis by Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition: Implications for High‐Frequency Applications
Authors: Lu Chen‐Hsuan , Shang Kuang‐Ming , Lee Shi‐Ri , Li Jheng‐Ying , Lee Patricia T.C. , Leu Chyi‐Ming , Tai Yu‐Chong , Yeh Nai‐Chang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLarge‐area graphene is typically synthesized on rolled‐annealed copper foils, which require transferring to other substrates for applications. This study examines large‐area graphene growth on electrodeposited (ED) copper foils—used in lithium‐ion batteries and printed circuit boards—via plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). It reveals that, for a set plasma power, a minimum growth time ensures full graphene coverage, leading to monolayer and then multilayer graphene, showing PECVD growth on ED copper is not self‐limited. The process also beneficially modifies the ED copper substrate, like removing the surface zinc layer and changing copper grain size and orientation, thus improving graphene growth. Additionally, the study includes high‐frequency scattering parameter (S‐parameter) measurements in a coplanar waveguide (CPW) system. This involves graphene on a sapphire substrate with a silver electrode. The S‐parameter data indicate that the CPW with graphene shows reduced insertion losses in high‐frequency circuits compared to those without graphene. This underscores graphene's role in reducing insertion losses between metallic and dielectric layers in high‐frequency settings, offering valuable insights for industrial and technological applications.
Wearable Perovskite Films for On‐Line Monitoring of Radiotracers in Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Basiricò Laura , Verdi Matteo , Ciavatti Andrea , Piergallini Lorenzo , Grassi Elisa , Fioroni Federica , Margotti Lorenzo , Tosi Nicolò , Cicero Valentina , Montanari Alessandro , Iori Mauro , Fraboni Beatrice 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOn‐line in situ monitoring of radiation emitted by radiotracers during intravenous injection is of crucial importance for the safety of patients and personnel involved in nuclear medicine treatments and analysis. The aim of this work is to assess wearable perovskite ionizing radiation detectors for such application. With this purpose pixelated direct detector based on thin films of 2D layered perovskite PEA2PbBr4 are tested for the monitoring of gamma‐rays emitted by 18F radiopharmaceutical under different experimental conditions. The wearable detector is here demonstrated being able to detect in real‐time the gamma‐rays emitted by annihilation of 18F radiotracer. Its reliability is assessed by 18F half‐life measurement with a maximum accuracy deviation within 8%. The detector also successes in its validation for the foreseen application, demonstrating able to monitor in real‐time the whole injection process and extravasation event.
Essential updates 2022–2023: Surgical and adjuvant therapies for locally advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: Kajiwara Yoshiki , Ueno Hideki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPivotal articles that had been published between 2022 and 2023 on surgical and perioperative adjuvant treatments for locally advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) were reviewed. This review focuses on new evidence in the following areas: optimization of surgical procedures for colon cancer, including the optimal length of bowel resection and use of the no‐touch isolation technique; minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer, such as laparoscopic transanal total mesorectal excision and robotic surgery; neoadjuvant treatments for rectal cancer, including total neoadjuvant therapy; neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer; and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for Stage II and III colon cancer. Although the current understanding may not enable perfect decision‐making for patients and medical professionals, ongoing advancements are expected to result in more effective personalized treatment plans, ultimately improving the prognosis and quality of life of patients.
All tangled up: Unraveling phylogenetics and reticulate evolution in the vining ferns, Lygodium (Schizaeales)
Authors: Pelosi Jessie A. , Zumwalde Bethany A. , Testo Weston L. , Kim Emily H. , Burleigh J. Gordon , Sessa Emily B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPremiseReticulate evolution, often accompanied by polyploidy, is prevalent in plants, and particularly in the ferns. Resolving the resulting non‐bifurcating histories remains a major challenge for plant phylogenetics. Here, we present a phylogenomic investigation into the complex evolutionary history of the vining ferns, Lygodium (Lygodiaceae, Schizaeales).MethodsUsing a targeted enrichment approach with the GoFlag 408 flagellate land plant probe set, we generated large nuclear and plastid sequence datasets for nearly all taxa in the genus and constructed the most comprehensive phylogeny of the family to date using concatenated maximum likelihood and coalescence approaches. We integrated this phylogeny with cytological and spore data to explore karyotype evolution and generate hypotheses about the origins of putative polyploids and hybrids.ResultsOur data and analyses support the origins of several putative allopolyploids (e.g., L. cubense, L. heterodoxum) and hybrids (e.g., L. ×fayae) and also highlight the potential prevalence of autopolyploidy in this clade (e.g., L. articulatum, L. flexuosum, and L. longifolium).ConclusionsOur robust phylogenetic framework provides valuable insights into dynamic reticulate evolution in this clade and demonstrates the utility of target‐capture data for resolving these complex relationships.
Role of induction chemotherapy in advanced‐stage olfactory neuroblastoma
Authors: Cho Sung‐Woo , Keam Bhumsuk , Lee Keun‐Wook , Kim Ji‐Won , Han Doo Hee , Kim Hyun Jik , Kim Jeong‐Whun , Kim Dong‐Young , Rhee Chae‐Seo , Bae Yun Jung , Kim Ji‐Hoon , Eom Keun‐Yong , Wu Hong‐Gyun , Kim Yong Hwy , Kim Chae‐Yong , Paek Sun Ha , Kim Hyojin , Won Tae‐Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the treatment outcomes in patients with advanced‐stage olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) who received induction chemotherapy (IC).Materials and methodsThe clinical data of 38 patients with advanced‐stage ONB who received initial IC were retrospectively analyzed. The response was defined using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1. Patients with complete remission or partial remission were defined as responders.ResultsSeventeen (44.7%) patients responded to IC. The response rate was higher in patients with high Hyams grade tumor (III/IV) compared to those with low‐grade tumors (I/II) (60% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.038). Overall, the 5‐year cancer‐specific survival (CSS) rate was 76.0%. Among nonresponders to IC, a significant difference in 5‐year CSS rates was observed between surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) (100%) versus definitive RT or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (68.6%) (log‐rank p = 0.006). However, for responders, there was no significant difference in 5‐year CSS rates between surgery with adjuvant therapy (75%) and definitive RT or CRT (51.1%) (log‐rank p = 0.536). When only high‐grade tumors were considered among responders, the 5‐year CSS rate was significantly higher in patients who received RT or CRT (51.4%) compared to those who underwent surgery with adjuvant therapy (0%) (log‐rank p = 0.008).ConclusionIn advanced‐stage ONB, RT or CRT may be preferable for high‐grade tumor responding to IC. Higher response rate and a potential role for induction IC in determining the optimal definitive treatment modality suggest a positive role for advanced‐stage high‐grade ONB.