bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between social support and fatigue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the east of turkey
Authors: Aylaz Rukuye , Karadağ Ezgi , Işik Kevser , Yildirim Melek 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAimThis study was planned to assess the levels of fatigue and social support in patients with diabetes and to determine the relationship between fatigue and social support in these patients.MethodsA descriptive design was used in this research. The study was conducted between March and June 2013 with 300 sampled patients from 1657 studied participants with type 2 diabetes who presented to the diabetes polyclinics of Malatya State Hospital and Inonu University, Turgut Ozal Medical Center. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and the Fatigue Severity Scale were used in the study.ResultsWhen the correlation analysis carried out between fatigue severity and social support in patients with diabetes was examined, a significant relationship was found in the negative direction between fatigue severity and family support (r = −0.145, P < 0.05) as well as overall support (r = −0.132, P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the Fatigue Severity Scale score and sex, education status, occupation, cohabitation, presence of complications, and hemoglobin A1c (P < 0.05). Family support was significant only with respect to marital status, occupation, and being employed (P < 0.05).ConclusionIt was seen at the end of this research that social support reduced the level of fatigue in a number of patients with type 2 diabetes. Nurses of diabetes patients should carry out fatigue assessments routinely and reflect these in nursing care plans by also associating them with the social support sources of the patient.
Increased aggressive and affiliative display behavior in intrauterine growth restricted baboons
Authors: Huber Hillary F. , Ford Susan M. , Bartlett Thad Q. , Nathanielsz Peter W. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundWe hypothesized intrauterine growth restricted offspring (IUGR) demonstrate higher rates of aggression and higher dominance ranks than control (CTR) offspring with normal weight at term; if aggressive behavior is advantageous during resource scarcity, developmental programming may lead to an association between aggression and IUGR.MethodsWe studied 22 group‐housed baboons (ages 3–5 years). CTR (male n = 8, female n = 5) mothers ate ad libitum. IUGR (male n = 4, female n = 5) mothers were fed 70% feed eaten by CTR mothers during pregnancy and lactation.ResultsIUGR showed higher rates of aggressive displays (P < 0.01) and friendly displays (P < 0.02). Dominance ranks and physical aggression rates did not differ between groups.ConclusionsHigh rates of IUGR aggressive display might reflect developmental programming of behavioral phenotypes enhancing fitness. Friendly displays may reflect reconciliation. Potential mechanisms include neurodevelopment and learning. Exploration of IUGR as a risk factor for behavioral patterns is important for developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Recommendations on routine mid‐trimester anomaly scan
Authors: Leung Kwok Yin , Poon Chung Fan , Teotico Angelita R , Hata Toshiyuki , Won HS , Chen Ming , Chittacharoen Apichart , Malhotra Jaideep , Shah PK , Salim Azen ,   Ultrasound Committee, Asia and Oceania Federation of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the minimal requirements of the routine mid‐trimester anomaly scan in Asian countries after taking into account various factors, including local circumstances, medical practice, guidelines, and availability of experienced sonographers and high‐resolution ultrasound machines, which affect the prenatal detection rate of fetal anomalies. In general, a routine mid‐trimester anomaly scan includes the assessment of the number of fetuses, fetal cardiac activity, size, anatomy, liquor and placental location. The most controversial issue is which fetal structures should at least be examined. We discussed the requirements of a basic routine scan, as well as the optional views, which can be obtained if feasible to improve the detection of fetal, placental or maternal abnormalities. Routine anomaly scan remains a clinical challenge.
Comparisons of Everolimus and Paclitaxel‐Eluting Stents in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: CHEN KANG‐YIN , RHA SEUNG‐WOON , LI YONG‐JIAN , LI GUANG‐PING , OH DONG JOO , JEONG MYUNG HO , KIM YOUNG JO , HUR SEUNG HO , BAE JANG HO , AHN TAE HOON ,   KOREA ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION REGISTRY INVESTIGATORS
Published: April 2015

BackgroundIt has been established that the newer‐generation drug‐eluting stent (DES) everolimus‐eluting stent (EES) is superior to the first‐generation DES paclitaxel‐eluting stent (PES). However, the advantages of EES over PES in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) need to be fully elucidated.MethodsThe present analysis enrolled 2,911 AMI patients receiving PES (n = 1,210) or EES (n = 1,701) in a large‐scale, prospective, multicenter Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR). Propensity score matching was used to adjust for baseline biases in clinical and angiographic characteristics, yielding a total of 2,398 patients (1,199 receiving PES and 1,199 receiving EES). Various clinical outcomes at 1 year were compared between the two propensity score matched groups. Target lesion failure (TLF) was defined as the composite of cardiac death, recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction (Re‐MI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR).ResultsBaseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were comparable between the two groups after propensity score matching. Clinical outcomes of the propensity score matched patients showed that the rates of in‐hospital and 1‐year cardiac and all‐cause death were similar between the two groups. But patients in the EES group had significantly lower incidences of Re‐MI (1.4% vs 2.8%, P = 0.002), TLR (1.2% vs 3.1%, P = 0.001), TLF (6.4% vs 10.2%, P = 0.001), and probable or definite stent thrombosis (0.3% vs 1.8%, P < 0.001) than did those in the PES group.ConclusionsThe present propensity matched analysis suggests that the use of EES in the setting of AMI appears to be superior to PES in reducing TLF, and stent thrombosis.
Bypassing the Emergency Room to Reduce Door‐to‐Balloon Time and Improve Outcomes of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients: Analysis of Data from 2004–2010 ACSIS Registry
Authors: LUBOVICH ALLA , DOBRECKY‐MERY IDIT , RADZISHEVSKI EUGENY , SAMNIA NEEMER , MATETZKY SHLOMI , NAGLER RAFAEL , ROSENSCHEIN URI 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivesOur objective was to assess whether bypassing the emergency room (ER) is associated with meaningful reduction in Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Event (MACCE) or mortality in a large cohort of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients.BackgroundPrior studies suggest that bypassing the emergency room reduces door‐to‐balloon time (DBT). However, it is not clear whether this translates into reduced mortality.MethodsWe analyzed data of 1,552 consecutive patients with STEMI treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and enrolled in the Acute Coronary Syndrome Israeli Survey (ACSIS) registry. Thirty percent of patients (n = 459) arrived directly to the Intensive Cardiac Care Unit or catheterization laboratory and 70% (n = 1093) were assessed first in the ER. Our primary end points were DBT, 30‐day MACCE, and 30‐day and 1‐year mortality. Our secondary end points were pre‐discharge ejection fraction less than 40%, in‐hospital pulmonary edema, in‐hospital cardiogenic shock, ST resolution, and duration of hospitalization.ResultsBypassing the ER was associated with signficantly shorter DBT (59 vs. 97 minutes, P = 0.001). There was no difference in 30‐day MACCE and 30‐day or 1‐year mortality between the 2 study groups. The findings were consistent in multiple subgroups, including women, anterior STEMI, off hours PCI, and patients with pain‐to‐door (PDT) time of less than 120 minutes.ConclusionBypassing the ER is associated with significant shortening of DBT. This reduction, however, is not associated with any change in 30‐day MACCE and 30‐day or 1‐year mortality.
Less is More, or Not? On the Interplay between Bundles of Slack Resources, Firm Performance and Firm Survival
Authors: Paeleman Ine , Vanacker Tom 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTAlthough a significant body of research has investigated the independent effects of distinct types of slack resources, current theoretical and empirical work does not sufficiently clarify how bundles of slack resources affect firm outcomes. Drawing on the resource constraints literature and the slack literature, we investigate how distinct bundles of financial and human resource slack influence firm performance and survival. Using a sample of 4715 European information and communication technology firms, we show that neither parallel resource abundance (having slack in financial and human resources) nor parallel resource constraints (lacking slack in financial and human resources) are optimal for firm performance and survival. However, firms with selective constraints that combine slack in financial resources with constraints in human resources exhibit superior performance without decreased survival prospects. Taken together, this study extends current research by providing a more nuanced view of the relationships between slack resources, firm performance, and firm survival.
Gastric and masticatory performances in full‐arch immediate loading rehabilitated patients
Authors: Pesce P. , Menini M. , Furnari M. , Pera F. , Tealdo T. , Pera P. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryFull‐arch immediate loading implant rehabilitations provide patients with compromised dentition an effective treatment to improve their aesthetic and function. Aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the correlation between masticatory ability and gastric emptying rates among these patients. Ten subjects (five men and five women) with compromised dentition were tested in two occasions: before treatment and 30 days after the immediate loading rehabilitation. Masticatory ability was evaluated using the sieves test, and the gastric half emptying time (T1/2) was assessed by means of the 13C‐octanoic acid breath test. A statistically significant increment (P < 0·005) in masticatory ability was found only in reference to the particles smaller than or equal to 4·75 mm, whereas the gastric emptying rate showed a statistically significant reduction between pre‐ and post‐treatment (P = 0·003). A moderate negative correlation (rho = 0·64, P = 0·048) between the percentage change in masticatory ability and the percentage change in gastric emptying rate was evidenced. Patients with compromised dentition rehabilitated with full‐arch immediate implant prostheses present a significant improvement of the gastric process.
Self‐esteem Is Mostly Stable Across Young Adulthood: Evidence from Latent STARTS Models
Authors: Wagner Jenny , Lüdtke Oliver , Trautwein Ulrich 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHow stable is self‐esteem? This long‐standing debate has led to different conclusions across different areas of psychology. Longitudinal data and up‐to‐date statistical models have recently indicated that self‐esteem has stable and autoregressive trait‐like components and state‐like components. We applied latent STARTS models with the goal of replicating previous findings in a longitudinal sample of young adults (N = 4,532; Mage = 19.60, SD = 0.85; 55% female). In addition, we applied multigroup models to extend previous findings on different patterns of stability for men versus women and for people with high versus low levels of depressive symptoms. We found evidence for the general pattern of a major proportion of stable and autoregressive trait variance and a smaller yet substantial amount of state variance in self‐esteem across 10 years. Furthermore, multigroup models suggested substantial differences in the variance components: Females showed more state variability than males. Individuals with higher levels of depressive symptoms showed more state and less autoregressive trait variance in self‐esteem. Results are discussed with respect to the ongoing trait–state debate and possible implications of the group differences that we found in the stability of self‐esteem.
Impact of Packaging Characteristics on Consumer Purchase Intention: Instant Coffee in Refill Packs and Glass Jars
Authors: Kobayashi Marcela Lika , Benassi Marta de Toledo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe study of food packaging is important as packaging represents the first contact between consumer and product. Attributes of interest in the study of instant coffee were initially determined by a focus group study. Subsequently, eight images of instant coffee packages were developed for the quantitative study, separately, for glass jars and refill packs (24−1 design, eight images, each). The package images were evaluated by a total of 206 coffee consumers for purchase intention. Two main groups of consumers were formed and characterized for each study in the conjoint analysis. For refill packs, purchase intention increased with the presence of photo depicting coffee cup with foam and coffee beans and additional information; for glass jars, lower price and shape. Brand was not emphasized as impacting in purchase intent of instant coffees, a positive finding for manufacturers of lesser known brands: improving packaging attributes may encourage product sales.Practical ApplicationsThese results are relevant to sensory scientists and instant coffee manufacturers interested in how packaging characteristics can impact on the purchase intention by consumers. Although coffee represents a significant source of income worldwide, there is less information in the literature about the effect of nonsensory parameters, such as packaging characteristics, in consumers' acceptance and purchase of instant coffee. The study showed that brand was less important than price and packaging attributes, such as additional information, adequate illustration (for refill packs) and package shape (for glass jars). Therefore, these results should hopefully help coffee manufacturers develop their packages and improve their sales, mainly those of lesser known brands, new brands or brands less associated with instant coffee.
Effect of probiotics on enrofloxacin disposition in gastrointestinal tract of poultry
Authors: Pavlova I. , Danova S. , Naidenski H. , Tropcheva R. , Milanova A. 
Published: April 2015

Probiotics are routinely used in poultry husbandry due to health benefit on the host. The gut microbiota is now recognized to exert an important influence on the absorption and pharmacokinetics of many compounds. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of candidate probiotics belonging to the speciesLactobacillus brevis,L. plantarumandL. bulgaricuson pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in healthy chickens. The probiotic administration leads to higher degree of metabolism of enrofloxacin to ciprofloxacin in liver. The antibacterial drug was significantly faster absorbed (kabof 0.61 ± 0.54 h−1andTmax7.81 ± 3.52 h) at lower concentrations (Cmaxof 1.34 ± 0.18 μg·g−1) during the first 24 h of treatment in the probiotic's group. The values of kab,Tmax, andCmaxfor the group, treated solely with enrofloxacin, were 0.10 ± 0.065 h−1, 15.42 ± 3.07 h, and 1.61 ± 0.24 μg·g−1, respectively. A significantly higher concentration of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin in the liver was observed in the group with the probiotic treatment. Disposition of both drugs was not significantly changed in the duodenum and in the jejunum. The selected dose is appropriate for treatment of infections caused by pathogens withMIC < 0.06 μg·mL−1irrespective of antibiotic administration alone or in combination with probiotics.
The role of life‐history traits, selective pressure and hydrographic boundaries in shaping the genetic structure of the transparent goby, Aphia minuta
Authors: Ruggeri Paolo , Splendiani Andrea , Giovannotti Massimo , Fioravanti Tatiana , Occhipinti Giulia , Nisi Cerioni Paola , Caputo Barucchi Vincenzo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe transparent goby (Aphia minuta) is a small progenetic goby that displays a short life cycle with early reproductive maturity and represents a valuable fishery resource harvested by artisanal fleets in most part of its distributional range. This study aimed to define the genetic variability in A. minuta at five sampling sites within the Mediterranean Sea and one in the Atlantic Ocean through the analysis of 11 nuclear microsatellite loci. The results revealed that several genetic diversity estimators (expected and observed heterozygosities, mean number of alleles and allelic richness) were lower in the Atlantic Ocean than in the Mediterranean Sea, suggesting the role of past or current demographic events in shaping this pattern. The genetic structure was investigated using both classical genetic differentiation descriptors and Bayesian approaches, and by defining the current and past migration rates. The results obtained revealed a pronounced genetic structure within the Mediterranean Sea and suggest a very low current migration rate. The pattern of historical migration suggests the possible role of hydrographic boundaries in shaping the genetic structure detected in this species. In addition, the identification of loci under selection suggests the possible implication of selective pressures that are acting on genes connected with the peculiar life cycle of this gobiid fish.
Looks can be deceiving: recent insights into the mechanism of protein secretion by the autotransporter pathway
Authors: Bernstein Harris D. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryAutotransporters are a large superfamily of cell surface proteins produced by Gram‐negative bacteria that consist of an N‐terminal extracellular domain (‘passenger domain’) and a C‐terminal β‐barrel domain that resides in the outer membrane (OM). Although it was originally proposed that the passenger domain is translocated across the OM through a channel formed exclusively by the covalently linked β‐barrel domain, this idea has been strongly challenged by a variety of observations. Recent experimental results have suggested a new model in which both the translocation of the passenger domain and the membrane integration of the β‐barrel domain are facilitated by the Bam complex, a highly conserved heteroligomer that plays a general role in OM protein assembly. Other factors, including periplasmic chaperones and inner membrane proteins, have also recently been implicated in the biogenesis of at least some members of the autotransporter superfamily. New results have raised intriguing questions about the energetics of the secretion reaction and the relationship between the assembly of autotransporters and the assembly of other classes of OM proteins. Concomitantly, new mechanistic and structural insights have expanded the utility of the autotransporter pathway for the surface display of heterologous peptides and proteins of interest.
Multi‐triazole‐resistant Aspergillus fumigatus infections in Australia
Authors: Kidd Sarah E. , Goeman Emma , Meis Jacques F. , Slavin Monica A. , Verweij Paul E. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThe emergence of triazole resistance, including multi‐triazole‐resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is being reported around the world, but there has been little evidence of this problem to date in Australia. Here we describe a retrospective search of antifungal susceptibility results of all Australian clinical A. fumigatus isolates referred to the National Mycology Reference Centre, Adelaide, Australia between 2000 and 2013, yielding 13 isolates with elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations to itraconazole, posaconazole and/or voriconazole. Four isolates were found to be Aspergillus lentulus, a closely related, morphologically similar species known to have reduced susceptibility to triazoles. Analysis of the cyp51A gene of nine confirmed A. fumigatus isolates revealed two carrying the TR34/L98H mutation, one apparently locally acquired in 2004, and the other probably acquired abroad in 2012. Four isolates possessed the G54R, F46Y, Y431S and G448S mutations, respectively, whereas three isolates did not possess known cyp51A resistance mutations, raising the possibility of other, undetected resistance mechanisms. Routine antifungal susceptibility testing is definitively recommended in patients on long term and sub‐therapeutic triazole therapy with breakthrough Aspergillus infection and recommended for all clinically relevant A. fumigatus isolates.
Neighborhood: A Conceptual Analysis
Authors: Milbrath Gwyneth R. , DeGuzman Pamela B. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractResearchers interested in measuring neighborhood‐level effects should understand how “neighborhood” is defined within nursing sciences and other sciences, and the inherent strengths and weaknesses of current research methodologies. This concept analysis provides clarity around the concept of neighborhood within the context of health, analyzes the current state of development of the neighborhood concept, and proposes areas for future nursing research. Using the Rodger's Method of analysis, the concept of neighborhood within nursing and public health research is described based on existing literature. The concept's attributes, related concepts, antecedents, and consequences are given from the literature. Comparisons of the use of neighborhood are made between nursing, public health, sociology, and other sciences. The evolution of the concept of neighborhood throughout history is described, and important implications for future research are discussed.
Getting Real or Staying Positive:LegalRealism(s),LegalPositivism and the Prospects of Naturalism in Jurisprudence
Authors: Holtermann Jakob v. H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe relationship betweenLegalRealism andLegalPositivism has been a recurrent source of debate. The question has been further complicated by the related difficulty of assessing the internal relationship between the two main original strands ofLegalRealism:American andScandinavian. This paper suggests consideringAmerican andScandinavianRealism as instantiations offorward‐lookingandbackward‐looking rule skepticismrespectively. This distinction brings into sharp relief not only the fundamentally different relationship between each of these twoRealist schools andLegalPositivism but also their equally different potentials as starting points for naturalizing jurisprudence.
Does Empirical Legal Studies Shed more Heat than Light? The Case of Civil Damage Awards
Authors: Rachlinski Jeffrey J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractEmpirical investigation of legal systems is emerging as a leading trend in both the social sciences and the legal academy in the early twenty‐first century. Law reviews are now filled with studies reporting empirical data. Because empirical investigation of law commonly seeks to inform contentious social and political debates, however, its research often fuels more debate than it resolves. Partisans on both sides of contentious issues now cite the same body of research to support their reform efforts. However, social science research on law is not a useless undertaking, as it can sharpen debate. But the hope that the new empirical legal studies movement will become a neutral source of information for policy makers is unlikely to be realized.
Monetary Policy Under Commodity Price Fluctuations
Authors: Chang Roberto 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis paper discusses monetary policy in a New Keynesian open economy subject to commodity price fluctuations. We review theoretical results that imply that stabilizing the producer price index (PPI) is optimal only under special circumstances. In a calibrated version of the model, PPI targeting is compared against a policy that stabilizes a forecast of the consumer price index. The results depend on model specifics, especially elasticities of substitution and the structure of international asset markets.