bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning the Hurst parameter of linear fractional processes and assessing its reliability
Authors: Boros Dániel , Csanády Bálint , Ivkovic Iván , Nagy Lóránt , Lukács András , Márkus László 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research explores the reliability of deep learning, specifically Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) networks, for estimating the Hurst parameter in fractional stochastic processes. The study focuses on three types of processes: fractional Brownian motion (fBm), fractional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (fOU) process, and linear fractional stable motions (lfsm). The work involves a fast generation of extensive datasets for fBm and fOU to train the LSTM network on a large volume of data in a feasible time. The study analyses the accuracy of the LSTM network's Hurst parameter estimation regarding various performance measures like root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean relative error (MRE), and quantiles of the absolute and relative errors. It finds that LSTM outperforms the traditional statistical methods in the case of fBm and fOU processes; however, it has limited accuracy on lfsm processes. The research also delves into the implications of training length and valuation sequence length on the LSTM's performance. The methodology is applied to estimating the Hurst parameter in li‐ion battery degradation data and obtaining confidence bounds for the estimation. The study concludes that while deep learning methods show promise in parameter estimation of fractional processes, their effectiveness is contingent on the process type and the quality of training data.
A Computation‐Strengthened High‐Dimensional Three‐Qudit Toffoli Gate
Authors: Du Fang‐Fang , Ren Xue‐Mei , Tan Qiu‐Lin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA high‐dimensional quantum gate not only enables the processing of more information through parallel quantum channels but also enhances fault tolerance in a higher Hilbert space. In this paper, a protocol is presented for implementing a three‐qudit ‐Dimensional (D) Toffoli gate for a hybrid system, where the first control qudit, the second control qudit, and the target qudit of four dimension are encoded in the spatial‐polarization state of a flying photon, the electron‐spin state of the first two quantum dots (QDs), and the one of the remaining two QDs, respectively. Besides, the high‐dimensional Toffoli gate does not require any assistance. Moreover, the gate operates deterministically in principle, as the photon is easy to manipulate feasibly using simple optical elements, and four QDs have a long electron‐spin coherent time used for storage and manipulation. Furthermore, the success probability and fidelity of the high‐dimensional Toffoli gate, in alignment with current technological capabilities, demonstrate satisfactory results. This indicates that it is feasible in experimental settings and promises a quantum computing paradigm that excels in speed, error resilience, and scalability for intricate quantum operations.
Error‐Heralded and Deterministic Interconversion Between W State and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger State with Faithful Quantum Gates in Decoherence‐Free‐Subspace
Authors: Du Fang‐Fang , Ma Ming , Tan Qiu‐lin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe interconversion of a variety of entangled states can facilitate the information transmission and decline the risk of error rates. Here two faithful protocols to achieve deterministic interconversion between three‐logic‐qubit W state and three‐logic‐qubit Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state in decoherence‐free subspace (DFS), resorting to the state‐selective property of the quantum dot (QD)‐cavity systems and robust‐fidelity quantum control gates are presented. Moreover, the single‐photon detectors introduced can effectively herald and mitigate potential failures from imperfect interaction between the QD‐cavity system and photons, significantly enhancing experimental feasibility. Through comprehensive analysis and evaluation, the protocols demonstrate exceptional conversion efficiencies and deliver near‐perfect fidelities. Additionally, the DFS makes system coherence over extended periods to overcome the decoherence effect caused by specific environmental noise, paving the way for quantum information processing.
Lyapunov stability analysis of an RMRAC‐based adaptive sigmoid super‐twisting sliding mode under matched and unmatched uncertainties
Authors: Vieira Hollweg Guilherme , Dias de Oliveira Evald Paulo Jefferson , Grundling Hilton Abílio , Su Wencong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article presents a discrete‐time robust model reference adaptive controller and adaptive sigmoid super‐twisting sliding mode (RMRAC‐ASSTSM) and its stability analysis using Lyapunov stability theory. This control structure is robust to matched and unmatched dynamics. In addition, the chattering phenomenon tends to be suppressed in the steady state due to adaptive super‐twisting sliding mode action using a sigmoid function. The performance of the proposed control structure is corroborated with simulation results, considering a second‐order non‐minimum phase unstable plant, where it can be seen that RMRAC‐ASSTSM regulation errors converge to a finite residual set when the plant presents unmodeled dynamics. A comparison is also presented with a similar RMRAC‐based control structure with an adaptive super‐twisting sliding mode implemented with a sign function.
Combined Experimental and Periodic DFT Study of the Size Dependence of Adsorption Properties of Oxide‐Supported Metal Nanoclusters: A Case of NO on Ni/Al2O3
Authors: Magkoev Tamerlan T. , Men Yong , Behjatmanesh‐Ardakani Reza , Elahifard Mohammadreza , Abaev Vladimir T. , Chalikidi Petrakis , Magkoev Taymuraz T. , Ashkhotov Oleg G. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIt is demonstrated by means of ultra high vacuum (UHV) surface‐sensitive techniques and periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations that the electronic and NO− adsorption properties of nanosized Ni clusters deposited onto the α‐Al2O3 (0001) surface significantly depend upon the size of the cluster. The properties of the Ni cluster of the size of 2 nm and lower are predominantly determined by the formation of the Ni/Al2O3 interface bond notably polarized towards the oxide. As a result, the metal cluster acquires a net positive charge manifested by the bond strengthening of adsorbed NO compared to the bulk Ni substrate. With the increasing size of the cluster, the Ni/Al2O3 interfacial bond depolarizes due to the growing of lateral Ni–Ni interaction. With a mean coverage of Ni on the alumina surface exceeding 0.25 equivalent monolayers, their properties in terms of adsorption behavior of NO resemble those that are characteristic for the bulk Ni substrate. Such a size dependence offers an opportunity to tune the properties of metal clusters and the metal/oxide system as a whole, for example, to achieve the required electronic and adsorption‐reaction properties.
Explicating the Multifunctional Roles of Tocotrienol and Squalene in Promoting Skin Health
Authors: Morgan Nevvin Raaj , Magalingam Kasthuri Bai , Radhakrishnan Ammu Kutty , Arumugam Mohan , Jamil Adawiyah , Bhuvanendran Saatheeyavaane 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The skin is the largest organ in the integumentary system, protecting against various external threats, including ultraviolet exposure, heat, infections, dehydration and mechanical injuries. Skin disorders can arise from various causes, including allergic reactions or breaches in the skin barrier, which allow microorganisms or chemicals to penetrate the sweat ducts. These conditions encompass a wide range of issues, including acne, xerosis (dry skin), fungal infections, atopic dermatitis (eczema) and psoriasis. Collectively, these ailments affect a significant portion of the global population, impacting approximately one-third of people worldwide. Additionally, oxidative stress induced by ageing and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays can manifest in visible alterations such as pigmentation, wrinkling and dehydration. Recent investigations have underscored the potential of natural antioxidant compounds in safeguarding skin health and combating ageing-related changes. Tocotrienols, a subgroup of vitamin E, have garnered significant attention owing to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Significant amounts of tocotrienols can be found in rice bran, olive, oats and hazelnuts. Similarly, squalene, predominantly sourced from fish liver oils such as those from sharks, has been used as an emollient in cosmetic formulations. This article offers a comprehensive review of existing literature elucidating the dermatological benefits associated with tocotrienols and squalene, emphasising their roles as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, skin barrier protection and facilitators of wound healing. Moreover, it sheds light on contemporary research findings suggesting these compounds’ therapeutic promise in managing and ameliorating various skin conditions.
Chemical Epitaxy of Iridium Oxide on Tin Oxide Enhances Stability of Supported OER Catalyst
Authors: Kost Melisande , Kornherr Matthias , Zehetmaier Peter , Illner Hannah , Jeon Djung Sue , Gasteiger Hubert , Döblinger Markus , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina , Bein Thomas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSignificantly reducing the iridium content in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts while maintaining high electrocatalytic activity and stability is a key priority in the development of large‐scale proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. In practical catalysts, this is usually achieved by depositing thin layers of iridium oxide on a dimensionally stable metal oxide support material that reduces the volumetric packing density of iridium in the electrode assembly. By comparing two support materials with different structure types, it is shown that the chemical nature of the metal oxide support can have a strong influence on the crystallization of the iridium oxide phase and the direction of crystal growth. Epitaxial growth of crystalline IrO2 is achieved on the isostructural support material SnO2, both of which have a rutile structure with very similar lattice constants. Crystallization of amorphous IrOx on an SnO2 substrate results in interconnected, ultrasmall IrO2 crystallites that grow along the surface and are firmly anchored to the substrate. Thereby, the IrO2 phase enables excellent conductivity and remarkable stability of the catalyst at higher overpotentials and current densities at a very low Ir content of only 14 at%. The chemical epitaxy described here opens new horizons for the optimization of conductivity, activity and stability of electrocatalysts and the development of other epitaxial materials systems.
Navigating coopetition: A multiple case study of AI and data‐driven strategies in the digital platform economy
Authors: Ma Qiang , Chen Hong , Tian Shuo , Su Huishuang , Zhong Wei , Wang Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe convergence of emerging technologies like cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and 5G is catalysing the Fourth Industrial Revolution and driving a paradigm shift toward the rapidly growing digital platform economy. However, the complex coopetition dynamics among AI‐powered and data‐driven digital platforms challenge traditional resource‐based theories in explaining this phenomenon. This multiple case study investigates the coopetitive tactics adopted by digital platform companies when navigating different coopetition situations through the lens of data and AI resources. Eight propositions are developed linking the allocation and application tendencies of data resources to the coopetitive tactics employed by platforms across four coopetition situations. The findings reveal how the unique attributes of data and AI resources influence digital platforms' coopetitive strategy implementation in complex network environments and how companies can strategically combine cooperation and competition when leveraging AI technologies and big data resources on digital platforms.
Phylogeny, niche modelling and morphology unveil a new lianescent species of Sigmoidotropis (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) across rainforest enclaves within Brazilian dry vegetation
Authors: Santos Felipe da Silva , Ribeiro Carolina Lima , Snak Cristiane , Fonseca‐Cortés Andrés , Cardoso Domingos , de Queiroz Luciano Paganucci 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe small Neotropical papilionoid legume genus Sigmoidotropis (nine species) has been described only relatively recently as the result of the taxonomic rearrangement of the genus Vigna (subtribe Phaseolinae), based on phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data. Here, we formally propose a new lianescent species of Sigmoidotropis that occurs disjunctly in enclaves of moist forest of mountainous regions surrounded by dry vegetation at three different localities in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Minas Gerais. Its phylogenetic position and morphological affinities with other genera of Phaseolinae were evaluated by Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses, using sequence data from the nuclear ITS/5.8S and plastid trnK/matK. To better understand this new species’ widely disjunct distribution and a possible connection between its populations in the past, an environmental niche modelling (ENM) analysis was performed. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that Sigmoidotropis appears closest to the genera Ancistrotropis and Delgadoana, together forming the Sigmoid‐keel clade. The new species proposed here is strongly recovered within Sigmoidotropis, being most closely related to S. ekmaniana, S. elegans, and S. megatyla. The ENM indicated changes in the potential distribution of the new species over different climatic periods, with expansion during colder periods and contraction during warmer periods, leading to possible relictual populations in moist forest enclaves. A description of the new species Sigmoidotropis maculata is presented, along with illustrations, a distribution map, taxonomic comments, and conservation status assessment.
Posterior urethral stenosis: Contemporary management options
Authors: Yu Jonathan , Ahmed Mustafa , Murray Brittney , Ajay Divya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPosterior urethral stenosis (PUS) is a known complication following prostate cancer treatment as well as other benign endoscopic treatments. Patients with PUS often fail initial endoscopic treatments and have persistent symptoms negatively affecting quality of life. In the past decade, a variety of different surgical techniques and approaches have changed the landscape of PUS management. The goal of this review is to provide details on the historical, current, and future direction of the surgical management for PUS.
Exploring critical factors in referral systems at different health‐care levels
Authors: Jamal Farrukh , Ahmadini Abdullah Ali H. , Hassan Muhammad M. , Sami Waqas , Ameeq Muhammad , Naeem Areeba 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundA consistent referral system and patient patronage are the primary connections between the three tiers in the healthcare delivery system. Patients were scheduled to visit primary care clinics for the first time. Subsequently, patients are moved to more distinguished healthcare facilities to receive additional care.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the reasons behind patients' transfer from primary and secondary care to tertiary care, as well as the critical factors that influence these referrals.MethodsThis study employs a mixed‐methods approach to explore factors determining referral service provision across primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare levels. Along with conducting semi‐structured interviews with healthcare professionals, we systematically examined a wealth of retrospective data on 1331 referred patients from 130 health facilities, including patient records, demographics, referral status, and clinical presentation. All statistical analysis was processed in R, and Corel Draw 12 was also used for graphical illustration.ResultsHealthcare facilities referred most emergencies to several departments, including the cardiac care unit, medical, urology, intensive care unit/emergency, obstetrics and gynaecology, children's, orthopaedic, and psychiatry. The percentage of all cases referred is displayed ward‐by‐ward; the intensive care unit/emergency wards have a high referral ratio of 65.51%, while the obstetrics and gynaecology wards have an 18.40% referral ratio.ConclusionThere is a need for increased government investments to strengthen the capacity, human resources, and availability of equipment in primary, secondary, and tertiary public health facilities to deliver quality services in order to reduce the patient referral ratio.
Introduction
Authors: Byun Sung-Soo , Forrester Peter J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Ginibre ensembles are non-Hermitian random matrices with real, complex or quaternion Gaussian entries. For reasons to be discussed below, these are denoted by GinOE, GinUE and GinSE respectively. With the quaternion entries of the latter identified as the $$2 \times 2$$

2
×
2

complex block structure $$ \begin{bmatrix} z & w \\ - \bar{w} & \bar{z} \end{bmatrix}, $$

z

w

-

w

¯

z

¯

,

members of each of these ensembles are readily realised; Fig. 1.1 gives example plots of the corresponding eigenvalue distribution in the complex plane. Ginibre introduced these non-Hermitian random matrix ensembles in 1965 [293]. Although with a self-described motivation of mathematical curiosity [31, Sect. 2.2, quoting correspondence with Ginibre], the line of investigation follows on from ideas and methods put forward by Dyson a few years earlier.
All chiral $$ \mathcal{W} $$-algebra extensions of $$ \mathfrak{so}\left(2,3\right) $$
Authors: Gupta Nishant , Suryanarayana Nemani V. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We show that there are four chiral $$ \mathcal{W} $$
W
-algebra extensions of $$ \mathfrak{so}\left(2,3\right) $$
so

2
3

algebra and construct them explicitly. We do this by a simple identification of each of the inequivalent embeddings of a copy of $$ \mathfrak{sl}\left(2,\mathbb{R}\right) $$
sl

2
ℝ

in the $$ \mathfrak{so}\left(2,3\right) $$
so

2
3

algebra and the maximal subalgebra $$ \mathfrak{h} $$
h
that commutes with it. Then using the standard 2d chiral CFT techniques we find the corresponding $$ \mathcal{W} $$
W
-algebra extensions. Two of the four resultant $$ \mathcal{W} $$
W
-algebras are new, one of which may be thought of as the conformal $$ {\mathfrak{bms}}_3 $$

bms
3

algebra valid for finite values of its central charge.
The correlation of CT-derived muscle density, skeletal muscle index, and visceral adipose tissue with nutritional status in severely injured patients
Authors: van Ee Elaine P. X. , Verheul Esmee A. H. , Dijkink Suzan , Krijnen Pieta , Veldhuis Wouter , Feshtali Shirin S. , Avery Laura , Lucassen Claudia J. , Mieog Sven D. , Hwabejire John O. , Schipper Inger B. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
This study explored if computerized tomography-derived body composition parameters (CT-BCPs) are related to malnutrition in severely injured patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Methods
This prospective cohort study included severely injured (Injury Severity Score ≥ 16) patients, admitted to the ICU of three level-1 trauma centers between 2018 and 2022. Abdominal CT scans were retrospectively analyzed to assess the CT-BCPs: muscle density (MD), skeletal muscle index (SMI), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). The Subjective Global Assessment was used to diagnose malnutrition at ICU admission and on day 5 of admission, and the modified Nutrition Risk in Critically ill at admission was used to assess the nutritional risk.

Results
Seven (11%) of the 65 analyzed patients had malnutrition at ICU admission, increasing to 23 patients (35%) on day 5. Thirteen (20%) patients had high nutritional risk. CT-BCPs were not related to malnutrition at ICU admission and on day 5. Patients with high nutritional risk at admission had lower MD (median (IQR) 32.1 HU (25.8–43.3) vs. 46.9 HU (37.7–53.3); p < 0.01) and higher VAT (median 166.5 cm2 (80.6–342.6) vs. 92.0 cm2 (40.6–148.2); p = 0.01) than patients with low nutritional risk.

Conclusion
CT-BCPs do not seem related to malnutrition, but low MD and high VAT may be associated with high nutritional risk. These findings may prove beneficial for clinical practice, as they suggest that CT-derived parameters may provide valuable information on nutritional risk in severely injured patients, in addition to conventional nutritional assessment and screening tools.

Level of Evidence
Level III, Prognostic/Epidemiological.
Geography, age, and wellbeing following the COVID-19 shock
Authors: He Ruoshui , Rickardsson Jonna , Mellander Charlotta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper we examine the relationships between subjective well-being, age, and geography before (2019) and during (2020) the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing survey data, subjective well-being is examined through measures on i) perceived life satisfaction, and ii) self-reported health status. Given that elderly individuals, aged 70 and above, were at greater risk of becoming seriously ill from the virus, we conduct further analyses with a special focus on this group of individuals. Our analyses show that older individuals have higher life satisfaction than other age groups – both before the pandemic and during the pandemic. On the other hand, older individuals report worse health conditions, and the difference in self-reported health status between elderly and younger people is even greater during the pandemic. In terms of geography, we find that elderly people living in larger cities have significantly lower levels of life satisfaction than those living in small agglomerations or rural areas – but report significantly higher health status – especially during the pandemic.
Patients with axial spondyloarthritis reported willingness to use remote care and showed high adherence to electronic patient-reported outcome measures: an 18-month observational study
Authors: Thomassen Emil Eirik Kvernberg , Berg Inger Jorid , Kristianslund Eirik Klami , Tveter Anne Therese , Bakland Gunnstein , Gossec Laure , Hakim Sarah , Macfarlane Gary John , de Thurah Annette , Østerås Nina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRemote monitoring using electronic patient reported outcomes (ePROs) in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) may improve self-management and reduce the need for consultations. However, knowledge regarding patients’ willingness to use remote care and adherence to reporting ePROs is scarce. The objective of this study was to assess axSpA patients’ willingness to use remote care and adherence to reporting of ePROs. The study was part of a three-armed randomized controlled trial testing digital follow-up strategies (The ReMonit study, NCT: 05031767). AxSpA patients in low disease activity were randomized to usual care, remote monitoring, or patient-initiated care. Demographics, clinical data, and patients’ willingness to use remote care were collected at baseline. EPROs were reported either monthly or quarterly by the remote monitoring- and patient-initiated care group over 18 months, respectively. Adherence to reporting was calculated as number of ePROs completed divided by the total number requested. Mixed model logistic regression was utilized to assess factors associated with adherence to reporting of ePROs. In total 242 patients (median age 43 years, 75% males) were included. The majority (96%) reported high willingness to use remote care. Adherence to reporting ePROs remained high over 18 months by remote monitoring and patient-initiated care groups [median (IQR): 88% (77–100) vs. 83% (66–100)]. No patient characteristics were significantly associated with adherence to reporting of ePROs. The high degree of willingness and adherence to reporting ePROs over time indicates that the majority of axSpA patients with low disease activity are motivated to use remote care.