bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysgenesis of Enteroendocrine Cells in Aristaless‐Related Homeobox Polyalanine Expansion Mutations
Authors: Terry Natalie A. , Lee Randall A. , Walp Erik R. , Kaestner Klaus H. , Lee May Catherine 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTObjectives:Severe congenital diarrhea occurs in approximately half of patients with Aristaless‐Related Homeobox (ARX) null mutations. The cause of this diarrhea is unknown. In a mouse model of intestinal Arx deficiency, the prevalence of a subset of enteroendocrine cells is altered, leading to diarrhea. Because polyalanine expansions within the ARX protein are the most common mutations found in ARX‐related disorders, we sought to characterize the enteroendocrine population in human tissue of an ARX(GGC)7 mutation and in a mouse model of the corresponding polyalanine expansion (Arx(GCG)7).Methods:Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction were the primary modalities used to characterize the enteroendocrine populations. Daily weights were determined for the growth curves, and Oil‐Red‐O staining on stool and tissue identified neutral fats.Results:An expansion of 7 alanines in the first polyalanine tract of both human ARX and mouse Arx altered enteroendocrine differentiation. In human tissue, cholecystokinin, glucagon‐like peptide 1, and somatostatin populations were reduced, whereas the chromogranin A population was unchanged. In the mouse model, cholecystokinin and glucagon‐like peptide 1 populations were also lost, although the somatostatin‐expressing population was increased. The ARX(GGC)7 protein was present in human tissue, whereas the Arx(GCG)7 protein was degraded in the mouse intestine.Conclusions:ARX/Arx is required for the specification of a subset of enteroendocrine cells in both humans and mice. Owing to protein degradation, the Arx(GCG)7 mouse recapitulates findings of the intestinal Arx null model, but is not able to further the study of the differential effects of the ARX(GCG)7 protein on its transcriptional targets in the intestine.
Adult ADHD outcome audit based on NICE guidelines
Authors: Febin Edwin Moshieve 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– Adult ADHD is a neuro-developmental disorder. The current prevalence of ADHD in adults is around 1.9-4 per cent. The service for adults with ADHD based on NICE guideline recommendation. Hence, the author decides to audit the Adult ADHD case loads against the gold standard set by the NICE. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study was based on a retrospective analysis and collection of data from electronic patient records for a duration of five months between October 2011 and February 2012. The data findings were matched against the NICE standards. There were 15 standards identified. On top of that we used six service outcome questions to improve the Quality of the service provided.

Findings
– As the service outcomes were set for 100 per cent, the performance fell short in few areas. The service managed to achieve roughly 80-95 per cent in areas such as medication monitoring, transition service and care plan with shared care guidelines for prescription in primary care. The service under performed in areas on non-pharmacological interventions such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). The service continues to provide a exceptional service for adults with intellectual disability and ADHD.

Research limitations/implications
– The research was limited by information and recall bias due to the retrospective nature of data analysis. There was also over representation of the numbers in co-morbid cases due to more than two diagnosis.

Practical implications
– The paper outlines the regional outcome of the audit. However the findings have wider implications. For example the prevalence rate is more common in males than females. CBT is an important resource in the management of ADHD in adults. Priority and importance need to be given for providing a service for CBT in adults with ADHD.

Social implications
– The cost of sickness and non-employment due to ADHD is significantly high. Treating this complex group with medications and CBT improves the outcome and get them back in employment and reduce recidivism rates in offenders.

Originality/value
– The author feels the adult ADHD service audit has huge service implications. Currently it is a controversial diagnosis significantly under-resourced. The outcome survey had highlighted the areas of need as a neurodevelopmental disorder.
The benefits of environmental change in a secure service for people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: G. Long Clive , Bell Natalie , Carr Alison , Cairns Lisa , Webb Amanda , Collins Lesley 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to assess the behavioural and psychological effects on people with intellectual disabilities of transferring to an environment influenced by patient choice and low secure standards.Design/methodology/approach– Patients and staff transferring from a non-optimal environment to one driven by low secure standards compared the homeliness, ward climate and satisfaction with the two wards. Comparisons were made between the occurrences of risk behaviours on the two wards.Findings– The new environment was rated by staff as more homely while patients’ increased satisfaction with the new ward was reflected in social climate ratings of patient cohesion and experienced safety. The latter findings were reinforced by an objective reduction in risk behaviours in the new environment.Practical implications– Treatment interventions need to optimise research findings that attest to the influence of the environment on the behaviour of patients with intellectual disabilities.Originality/value– Findings highlight need to increase the focus on aspects of the built environment in planning the treatment of women in secure care.
Low-carbon operations and production: putting training in perspective
Authors: Jose Chiappetta Jabbour Charbel , Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour Ana 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is mainly to show how training may support low-carbon operations and production management in a more sustainable organizational context.

Design/methodology/approach
– A conceptual framework to facilitate the integration between training and low-carbon operations and production is presented.

Findings
– To accomplish better training in a low-carbon organization, some steps should be followed. Challenges may occur, including the necessity of collaboration across the supply chain.

Research limitations/implications
– The proposed framework should be applied and improved based on the actual conditions in organizations.

Originality/value
– Low-carbon organizations are part of the future corporate world. But the link between training and low-carbon operations and production management is not yet clear. This paper contributes to this discussion and presents an original framework.
Sustainability and organizational transformation: putting the cart before the horse? (Part Two)
Authors: Muja Naser , H. Appelbaum Steven , Walker Tara , Ramadan Said , Sodeyi Tolu 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– Global corporate strategies are revealing the boundaries of organizational capabilities and the limits of the natural resource capacity that is needed to sustain business operations. Sustainability has emerged as a strategic response adopted by many corporations to reduce resource dependency and consumption costs. The purpose of this paper is to secure existence as a going concern while also demonstrating corporate citizenship.Design/methodology/approach– This two-part paper will present a review of recent findings relevant to sustainability and change management was performed in order to develop a better understanding of factors that may hinder corporate adoption of sustainability, the role of sustainability in transformational change, and the change management challenges involved in integrating sustainability within corporate culture.Findings– For a growing number of organizations, sustainability has recently been elevated from “doing” to the level of “being”, which involves integration into their mission, vision and shared values. Corporate leaders and governing bodies play a critical role as champions in the implementation of sustainability for organizational transformation.Research limitations/implications– The limited number of examples of organizations fully embracing sustainability at a vision level stems from the fact that most executives do not fully understand the issues and do not know how to devise the governance or strategies needed to adopt a more sustainable path. However, the research points to the fact that there is a recognized shortage of empirical research work specifically focussed on sustainability change and effective business cases.Practical implications– Organization development practitioners have a significant role in helping firms implement sustainability-focussed transformations.Social implications– Given the economic, ecological and social imperatives, there is urgency for firms around the world, both big and small, to adopt effective sustainability strategies that add value for stakeholders while reducing resource demand.Originality/value– The research points to the fact that there is a recognized shortage of empirical research work specifically focussed on sustainability change including limited examples of effective business cases.
Stereotyping and women's roles in leadership positions
Authors: Baker Cortney 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide a literature review of current trends with regard to women in leadership positions. Women are increasingly reported as having excellent leadership skills. In fact, women, more than men, are praised for having traits and styles that are associated with effective leadership performance.

Design/methodology/approach
– The design of this paper was a literature review of current research on gender differences in men and women in top leadership roles.

Findings
– Despite the evidence that women are capable of being top performers, women are still not attaining top-level leadership positions in comparison to their male peers. This paper will consider some of the reasons that women have difficulty in climbing the corporate ladder as well as discuss stereotyping and gender as it relates to leadership traits.

Social implications
– As a result of this paper, employers are encouraged to hire and promote women into their corporations top leadership positions.

Originality/value
– This paper further contributes to the discussion of women in leadership and the disparity that continues in having women employed in the upper echelons of corporations. The value of this paper is to provide employers further evidence that women comprise skillsets that necessary for company advancement.
Innovation and trust – the path to mastery
Authors: Ceserani Jonne 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to encourage the reader to reflect upon the consequences of leadership behaviour and the effect on innovation and performance in an organisation.

Design/methodology/approach
– The reader is encouraged to begin by answering five leadership questions for themselves. Some underpinning ideas are introduced with examples from the world of commerce, all within a structured model designed to encourage further reflection.

Findings
– The consequences of low-performing leadership as demonstrated by behaviour, intended or not, are catastrophic for innovation performance.

Originality/value
– This is work based upon the author's own 30 years working with organisations helping them with innovation and leadership. The source of the five leadership questions and the “love” model is unknown as they were given to me with no attributions.
Drivers for creating value and enhancing customer experience through people
Authors: Chidley Jon , Pritchard Neville 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– Using the staff and customers as a starting point, the purpose of this paper is to describe a framework that helps board and senior management identify key drivers that generate value for their organisation and for their customers.

Design/methodology/approach
– With research into the range of customer experience metrics available the authors identified a lack of consideration within the staff directly involved. The paper explores the considerations that lie behind how staff impact upon customer experience within any process framework.

Findings
– The approach to customer service is based around: “Treat customers well and they’ll come back, spend more and recommend your company”. To achieve this following the research the authors now subscribe to a “customer third” edict that recognises that people are at the heart of that experience not processes. If individuals are motivated to serve well, if teams around them work in an encouraging environment then the customer will usually believe they are coming first. The health check now developed recognises the impacting factors on staff and their provision of a great customer experience.

Practical implications
– The authors find that a focus on staff will positively impact their levels of productivity, absenteeism, engagement and tenure. In customer experience, tenure with enhanced motivation to serve realises a positive impact to financials.

Social implications
– Reducing stress in the workplace should positively impact the whole life balance for individuals.

Originality/value
– Appropriate focus on people rather than process within customer service industries will reduce unnecessary investment in process and system change and deliver enhanced results within existing frameworks. Change driven by the people within the process is positive.
Corporate governance and the variability of stock returns
Authors: Koerniadi Hardjo , Krishnamurti Chandrasekhar , Tourani-Rad Alireza 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of firm-level corporate governance practices on the riskiness of a firm's stock returns.Design/methodology/approach– The authors constructed an index of governance quality incorporating best practices stipulated by regulators. The authors employed regression analysis.Findings– The empirical evidence, using an index of corporate governance, shows that well-governed New Zealand firms experience lower levels of risk, ceteris paribus. In particular, the results indicate that corporate governance aspects such as board composition, shareholder rights, and disclosure practices are associated with lower levels of risk.Research limitations/implications– A limitation of the study is that the corporate governance index constructed is somewhat arbitrary and due to limitation of data availability the authors may have excluded some factors such as share trading policy of directors and policies regarding provision of non-auditing services by auditors. The research supports the view that institutional context could have an impact on governance outcomes. The work has three implications for managers, investors, and policy makers. First, the results imply that well-governed firms have lower idiosyncratic risk and that this reduction is most likely due to the reduction in agency costs and information risk. Second, in the absence of features like an active corporate control market and stock option based managerial compensation, managers have little incentives to take on risky projects that increase firm value. Third, the results suggest that the managers of well-governed firms are not more risk averse with respect to investment decisions compared to poorly governed firms.Practical implications– The work has practical implications for managers, investors, and policy makers. Well-governed firms face lower variability in stock returns compared to poorly governed firms. Firms that have independent boards that protect its shareholders’ rights and disclose its governance-related policies experience lower firm-level risk, other things being equal.Originality/value– This study is the first one to examine the impact of a composite measure of corporate governance quality on stock return variability in a non-US setting. The results suggest that firms can use specific corporate governance provisions to mitigate firm-level risk. The findings of the paper are therefore relevant and useful to corporate managers, investors, and policy makers.
The impact of cash conversion cycle on firm profitability
Authors: Yazdanfar Darush , Öhman Peter 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to seek to investigate the impact of cash conversion cycle (CCC) on performance (i.e. profitability) in Swedish small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) over the 2008-2011 period.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study uses a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model to analyse cross-sectional panel data covering 13,797 SMEs operating in four industries.

Findings
– The study provides empirical evidence that CCC significantly affects profitability. In addition, the firm-level control variables size, age, and industry affiliation significantly affect firm profitability. These findings imply that managers could increase firm profitability by improving their working capital management.

Research limitations/implications
– The present study is limited to a sample of Swedish SMEs in four industries; further research could examine the generalizability of these findings to other countries and industries.

Practical implications
– Improved working capital policy could improve firm profitability by reducing the firm's CCC, thereby creating additional firm value. In addition, the results can be used for other purposes, including monitoring of firms by auditors, debt holders, and other stakeholders.

Originality/value
– The present study contributes to the literature by employing a SUR model to analyse a comprehensive cross-sectoral sample in a high-tax environment. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study to address this issue in the Swedish context based on a large data set covering SMEs in various industries.
Optimization of dry sliding wear conditions for AlSi10Mg/SiCp composites using response surface: genetic algorithm approach
Authors: Somasundara Vinoth K. , Subramanian R. , Dharmalingam S. , Anandavel B. 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this research paper is to find the optimum parameters, namely, the sliding speed, applied load and percentage of silicon carbide particles (SiCp), under which AlSi10Mg/SiCp composites experience minimum wear.

Design/methodology/approach
– Wear rate (WR) of AlSi10Mg, AlSi10Mg/10SiC and AlSi10Mg/20SiC was measured using pin-on-disk equipment according to ASTM G99 standards. Response surface method was used to design the experiments, model and analyze the tribological behaviour. Tests were conducted as per Box–Beheken design of experiments. The wear mechanisms were observed using scanning electron microscope. Genetic algorithm was used to find the optimum parameters for minimum WR.

Findings
– Wear mechanisms underwent changes with variation in applied load, sliding speed and per cent SiCp. An optimum wear condition was obtained when the process parameters, namely, the sliding speed, applied load and percentage of SiCp, were at 4 m/s, 10 N and 20 per cent, respectively. Combined GA-RSM approach was successfully used to predict the minimum WR condition of AlSi10Mg/SiCp composites with an accuracy of 94 per cent.

Originality/value
– The tribological behaviour of AlSi10Mg/SiCp composites has been investigated in detail. A statistical WR model is proposed. This paper provides an optimum condition to design the tribo contact between steel and AlSi10Mg/SiCp composites.
Tribological properties of carbon nanotube grease
Authors: Hongtao Liu , Hongmin Ji , Haiping Hong , Younes Hammad 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purposes of this paper are to prepare the carbon nanotube (CNT) grease, to contrast the tribology properties of the CNT grease with the original grease and to find the lubricating mechanism of the CNT grease.

Design/methodology/approach
– The CNTs (single-wall and multi-wall) are added into the polyalphaolefin oils (DURASYN_166) to form stable and homogeneous CNT grease with potential heat transfer, conductive and lubricative properties. The friction of this new type of CNT grease was determined by wear experiments under three conditions: dry friction, with the base oil grease and with the CNT grease.

Findings
– The research is about the tribological properties of CNT greases; it shows better lubricating performance and wear resistance than the base oil grease. The performance improvement of CNT grease is owing to the unique hexagonal structure and the high thermal conductivity of CNTs.

Originality/value
– The paper documents that CNTs can obviously improve the lubricating effect of grease, and the lubricating mechanism of the CNT grease is also discussed.
Research on Asia: promise and perils
Authors: Tung Rosalie 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the nature and scope of diversity between and within Asian countries.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper represents a personal retrospective on the promise and perils of conducting research on Asia.

Findings
– “Promise” includes the growing research interest and attention on this region. “Perils” include, among others, a failure to recognize the diversity across countries in the region and within a given country. Immigration, rising incidence of bicultural or multicultural identity and brain circulation have all contributed to growing diversity within countries. Future research on this region should take into consideration such intra-national diversity.

Originality/value
– Although Asia’s “foreignness” may differentiate it from other regions around the world and, in doing so, contribute to the perception of its homogeneity, the region is considerably more diverse than what it appears to be. Thus, it is imperative to consciously recognize – and incorporate – diversity in a region of growing global importance.
One piece does not a puzzle make: the first-mover decision as one piece on the foreign investment strategy puzzle
Authors: J. Koch Bradley 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the first-mover decision as one decision of a set of strategic decisions that ultimately determine performance.

Design/methodology/approach
– The author used survey data collected from foreign-invested firms in Sichuan, China, to test for evidence that first-movers perform better than late-movers.

Findings
– The results reveal that there is a first-mover advantage when the other strategic variables are not included in the model. When the entire set of strategic variables is included, however, the first mover variable loses its significance and the willingness of the foreign partner to commit additional resources becomes the best predictor of performance. Consequently, it was argued that foreign investment strategies should be analyzed as a set of strategic decisions managers make to formulate the best mix.

Originality/value
– The empirical evidence for the first-mover advantage may not be as well grounded as many have thought. When the first-mover strategic decision is analyzed in isolation from other strategic variables, which is commonly done in many empirical studies, it indicates that firms that enter China before their competitors perform better. Unfortunately, it is more logical to assume that managers dynamically develop a set of strategic decisions that ultimately determine the firm’s performance. To extrapolate one static decision from the strategic decision set and make broad assertions about its effect of performance is an over-simplification of the strategic decision process.