bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthocyanin Extraction and pH-Modulated Color Alterations in Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.)
Authors: Handayani Lia , Aprilia Sri , Arahman Nasrul , Bilad Muhammad Roil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study explores the potential of Butterfly pea flowers (BPF) as an abundant reservoir of anthocyanins, offering natural colorants. These flowers contain ternatin, responsible for their distinct and naturally occurring blue hue. Fresh and dried BPF were obtained locally and subjected to anthocyanin extraction through a 72-hour maceration process, using methanol as the solvent. Overall anthocyanin content was quantified using the pH differential method at both pH 1 and pH 4.5. Notably, fresh BPF exhibited significantly higher total anthocyanin levels (551,063 mg/L) compared to dried flowers (217,086 mg/L). The study also evaluated the color changes in BPF extracts across a wide range of environmental pH conditions, spanning from pH 1 to pH 14. The findings highlighted the remarkable sensitivity of CTAs-1 to color changes under varying pH conditions, suggests its capability as a reliable pH indicator. Additionally, this research underscores the viability of fresh BPF as a valuable alternative source for rare blue food coloring, making it a valuable contribution to the field.
Plant Biodiversity of Mixed Garden in Lariang Mamasa Watershed, West Sulawesi
Authors: Setiawan J , Kaswanto  , Sjaf S , Aulia R , Parahita A A , Rohadi P P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The mixed-plantation agroforestry system is a land management system that combines agricultural and forestry crops. This study aims to determine the biodiversity and calculate species diversity index on mixed agroforestry garden system. Observations were carried out in 3 repetitions on mixed garden land with a total of 30 plots. The plot shape used is square with dimensions of 20 x 20 m. Number of species was counted, diameter at breast height (DBH) and plant height were measured. Data were used to estimate species diversity index. Results showed that 84 species obtained in Sipai Village and 109 species obtained in Tonyaman Village. The species diversity index in Sipai Village is 3,46 and Tonyaman Village is 3,63. This research concludes that Sipai Village and Tonyaman Village have a high plant biodiversity.
Alleviating drought stress on Allium cepa mediated by drought-tolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria
Authors: Saryanah N A , Bidara I S , Rosdayanti H , Hardiyanti S , Irawati A F C , Sulastri S , Sukmadi R B , Roswanjaya Y P , Asiani N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Drought stress poses a threat to the yield of shallot (Allium cepa) due to its adverse effect on the growth, biochemical, and physiology of the plant. Plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria associated with plants in dry areas are prospectively utilized as biostimulants in enhancing the tolerance of crops against drought stress. This study investigated the responses of growth and biochemical attributes of shallot by inoculation of drought-tolerant bacteria with multiple PGP traits under drought stress. We isolated drought-tolerant bacteria associated with various plants growing in the dry land of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Nine drought-tolerant bacteria and a consortium were screened for PGP traits, growth assay and biochemical responses of shallot under drought stress. There are no significant effects of bacterial treatment on shallot plant growth after water stress treatment (50% field capacity). However, bacterial isolates A59-4 showed the highest effect on chlorophyll a, carotenoid and total chlorophyll, and also significantly increased the total soluble sugar content (100% increment) of shallot under drought stress. Our study revealed that bacterial isolate A59-4 is a prospective biostimulant to alleviate the drought stress effect on shallot crops.
Investigated of marine endophytic fungi Aspergillus terreus extract’s antibacterial activity against Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Nabila S , Suharti S , Tarman K 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Efforts to control bacterial infectious diseases are carried out by giving natural antibacterial. One of the natural antibacterial sources is marine fungi, including algae extracts and mangrove leaves. The study aimed to analyze the antibacterial properties and active compound of endophytic marine fungi Aspergillus terreus extract against Salmonella Typhimurium. The methods used in this study include cultivation, extraction, antibacterial test, fractination using Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC), and bioautography. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The result showed that the Aspergillus terreus isolates that were cultivated on the nine days have maximum antibacterial activity around 8.88 mm (level 2 mg), 6.61 mm (level 1 mg), and 4.91 mm (level 0.5 mg). The active compounds contained in the extract of Aspergillus terreus were steroids, phenols, and flavonoids. Fractionation with TLC and bioautography showed an inhibitory zone of Aspergillus terreus was 17.7 mm at retention factor (Rf) values of 0.9, 0.83 (λ=254 nm) or 0.8 (λ=366 nm). In conclusion, Aspergillus terreus as marine fungi from mangrove leaves cultivated for nine days, had the largest inhibition zone diameter 8.88 mm (level 2 mg). The active compounds of fungi were steroids, phenols, and flavonoids.
Climate smart agriculture strategy for drought-prone areas: The role of land surface temperature data
Authors: Sholihah R I , Trisasongko B H , Kusdaryanto S , Karyati N E , Panuju D R , Iman L O S , Shiddiq D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Climate change is a severe environmental problem worldwide, affecting many sectors, particularly agriculture. Monitoring climate fluctuation in agricultural areas is a substantial way to maintain food security, especially in Indonesia. The rise of surface temperature contributes to the drought phenomenon that triggers various agricultural problems, such as crop disease, production loss, land conversion, soil nutrient depletion, and biodiversity loss. With this sense, implementing climate-smart agriculture (CSA) schemes is necessary to secure food production, climate resiliency, and environmental sustainability. Land surface temperature (LST) derivation by using satellite-borne technology is an invaluable solution for monitoring climate dynamics in vast agricultural lands. This study were used temperature bands from the TIRS sensor of Landsat 8 and 9 data to estimate LST in the Middle Citarum watershed. This research aimed to estimate LST series during 2013-2023 dry seasons, which acts as an initial warning system for mitigating drought occurrence in Middle Citarum. This study revealed that the average of LST values during 2013-2023 spanned from 22.54°C to 33.14°C, which somewhat unsuits to optimal rice production. The highest temperature during these periods was 38.98°C, occurred in 2015. This condition was also associated with the 2015 drought event, which was an unparalleled warming worldwide. Based on the LST derivation in the study area, since 2018 to 2023, maximum land surface temperature has steadily been above 30°C. This suggests that drought probability has risen, and the figure should warn of potential failure in crop production during the season. With the development of LST time series, these data sets could contribute to an effective strategy as part of CSA adoption to understand and mitigate drought.
Analysis of the influence of financial, carbon, and environmental performance on carbon emission disclosure
Authors: Harits M R , Mutasowifin A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Industrial development has a detrimental impact on the Earth’s rising surface temperature, primarily due to greenhouse gas emissions. In Indonesia, the energy sector was the leading contributor to carbon emissions until 2022. This study aims to investigate the relationship between financial, carbon, and environmental performance and carbon emissions disclosure. The sample for this research was selected using a purposive sampling method, comprising 20 energy sector companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Panel data regression analysis was conducted, with carbon emissions disclosure being the dependent variable and profitability, leverage, environmental performance, company size, and carbon performance as the independent variables. The study’s results indicate that financial performance, environmental performance, and company size have a significant impact on carbon emissions disclosure, while leverage and carbon performance do not have a significant effect.
Physiological Response of Sheep Fed a Diet Supplemented with Carbohydrate or Vegetable Oils as Different Energy Sources
Authors: Sudarman A , Riyadi I , Khotijah L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diets with different energy sources on physiological responses in sheep. This study used 16 sheep which were allocated into completely randomized block design with four treatments and four replicates. The treatments were T1 = Ration contained forages 100%, T2 = Ration contained forages 40% + concentrate 30% + cassava flour 30%, T3 = Ration contained forages 40% + concentrate 50.3% + palm oil 9.7%, and T4 = Ration contained forages 40% + concentrate 50.3% + canola oil 9.7%. The variables measured were rectal temperature, respiration rate, heart rate, hematocrit, water intake and fecal dry matter. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and any significant results were further tested using Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that different energy sources in the diet significantly affected (p<0.05) respiration rate, but did not affect heart rate, rectal temperature, water intake, fecal dry matter and hematocrit value. It is concluded that cassava flour increase respiration rate of sheep higher than those supplemented with palm oil and canola oil. There are no differences in other physiological responses among the three treatments.
Analysis of the permaculture approach to ex-rob land as sustainable resources to improvement community welfare
Authors: Hidayat J T , Mujio  , Febriani Y , Sasmita A , Tisnawati  , Andhika B , Alfandi L , Nurdiati R E , Arsenna A C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The rob flood disaster in Pekalongan Regency that occurred in 2000-2019 left land that was previously rice fields as land that could not be cultivated and could not be returned to its original function as agricultural land. This is because the quality of the former rob land is still low due to being submerged in brackish water for years, so that if it is cultivated as agricultural land there is still a long way to go. The impact after the rob occurred was a decline in the quality of the environment and the economy of the village community because agricultural activities, which previously had become the main livelihood of the community, became non-existent, thereby increasing the poverty rate in the area affected by the rob disaster. The research will answer how permaculture is one of the solutions for the community of Api-api Village, Wonokerto District, for land and environmental restoration as well as the village community’s economy. Restore land productivity by paying attention to current environmental conditions and paying attention to the history of activities before the rob flood disaster to restore land function and increase the income of communities affected by rob.
The exponential smoothing model for squid production in Muara Angke Fishing Port, Jakarta
Authors: Mustaruddin  , Puspito G , Zanlee B Z , Nugroho T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Squid production in Muara Angke Fishing Port supported the needs of the processing industry, local market, and export demand through Tanjung Priok Port. However, it was often constrained because the results of fishing in the sea took a lot of work to predict. The study aimed to analyze the existing squid fishery and determine the appropriate exponential smoothing model for forecasting squid production in Muara Angke Fishing Port. The method used descriptive analysis and single exponential smoothing analysis. Model selection was based on the results of MAPE and RMSE tests. Production of squid in Muara Angke Fishing Port fluctuated yearly with an increasing trend. The highest production occurred in 2021 (28,572.52 tons). Bouke ami was the dominant fishing gear for catching squid, with a percentage of 61.46%. The appropriate model for forecasting squid production in Muara Angke Fishing Port was the exponential smoothing model α=0.8. This model had the lowest deviation rate compared to the exponential smoothing model α=0.2, α=0.4, and α=0.6, which were indicated by the value of MAPE = 18.92 and RMSE = 4432.34. Within ten years, there could be 3 times the ups and downs of squid production in Muara Angke Fishing Port.
Hunting and trade in Papuan bird-of-paradise: Current situation and sustainability
Authors: Mardiastuti A , Mulyani Y A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Bird-of-paradise has been illegally traded for its beautiful plumage. The objective of this paper was to revealed the current situation of the trade and analyzed the sustainability of the future population, through direct interview to 5 ex-hunters in Asiki (east-central Papua) and visit to the lek trees. Most trade were based on pre-order from buyers as souvenirs. Local people hunted the birds using air rifle, when the birds were lekking on tall-emergent trees during breeding season. After cleaning and drying, the dried plumage-skin was ready to be delivered to buyers. The price ranged IDR 300,000 to 3 million, a handsome amount for additional income to the hunters. Buyers were mostly army troops members (non-Papuan) who returned back from their tour-of-duty, tourists, and persons who need the skin as gifts or traditional ceremonies. The bird was able to use the log-over secondary forests. However, road developments and forest fragmentation threatened their sustainability. Further, forest conversion to oil-palm and industrial-forest would eliminate their habitat. If the illegal hunting is still going-on, it might drive this bird into extirpation. Awareness to buyers is needed, as the skin is demand-driven. The hunters were actually aware that this species is already prohibited to be hunted.
Physical and nutritional properties of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) meal: a prospective alternative ingredient for poultry feed
Authors: Mutia R , Ridla M , Hermana W 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Canavalia ensiformis L. (jackbean) meal shows potential as an ingredient for poultry feed protein source, providing essential nutrients for poultry growth while reducing dependence on soybean meal. However, the incorporation of jackbean meal in poultry rations is limited due to a need for comprehensive information on factors such as nutritional and anti-nutritional content, digestibility, and nutrient utilization. This experiment is designed to contribute valuable insights into the potential of jackbean meal as an alternative protein source for poultry feed by assessing its physicochemical value, metabolizable energy, and protein digestibility. The study assessed the crude levels of protein, fiber, ash, and ether extract, as well as the presence of HCN. Additionally, it evaluated the bulk and tapped density of peeled and unpeeled jackbean meal compared to soybean meal. Metabolizable energy and protein digestibility were also assessed. The acquired data underwent analysis through analysis of variance and Tukey test when significances were found. The results of the experiment indicated that the physicochemical quality, metabolizable energy, and protein digestibility of the peeled and unpeeled jack bean meal was comparable to that of soybean meal. In addition, the peeled revealed better results compared to the unpeeled jackbean meal.
Development of clean water supply policies to achieve SDG 6 targets in Bengkulu City
Authors: Khalik I , Sapei A , Hariyadi S , Anggraeni E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The need for clean water has greatly increased in urban regions due to economic expansion and population growth. Meanwhile, water resources are facing increasing pressure due to environmental pollution. In relation to SDG goal 6, which mandates the availability of clean water as a basic need for all, this research aims to develop a policy scenario for a sustainable clean water supply in Bengkulu City. The method used is an integration of interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and system dynamics (SD). The simulation shows that the average total water demand in 2030 under existing conditions reached 800,577 m3/month (9.61 million m3/year); under 50% service coverage conditions, it became 914,865 m3/month (10.98 million m3/year); and under 75% service coverage conditions there was an increase in total water demand to 1.32 million m3/month (15.88 million m3/year). In addition, to fulfill water availability in 2030, the following policy scenarios were simulated: (i) business as usual scenario, a shortfall in water availability; (ii) pessimistic scenario, water availability can meet service coverage by 43%; (iii) moderate scenario, water availability can meet service coverage by 50%; and (iv) optimistic scenario, water availability can meet service coverage by 75%. Some policy directions for the sustainability of clean water supply in Bengkulu City are integrated water resources management with community involvement, additional clean water infrastructure, and reduced water loss through regular checking of water distribution pipes.
Community Participation in Tourism Development in the Tanjung Lesung Special Economic Zone, Banten Province
Authors: Mulyawati L S , Febriani Y , Yanuadi A , Komalasari D , Fataharani P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Community participation is highly needed in supporting the development programs of Tanjung Lesung Special Economic Zone (SEZ). Community participation has a positive effect on the development of leading tourist zones in Banten Province. The role of local communities in tourism activities has been widely developed, for example, the concept of Community Based Tourism. This study has purposed to identify community readiness for the development of SEZ, analyze community empowerment programs carried out by SEZ, and analyze the form of local community participation in tourism development. The local communities around SEZ are ready to support new activities that will grow in their area. A total of 92.31% of respondents agreed to collaborate and develop Floating fish cage/Lift Net/Pond as a tourist destination. In addition, the community also felt a positive impact from the existence and activities of tourism in SEZ, covering economic improvement, social life, and cultural influence of the community. The most dominant community participation is in the program support and becoming a partner in tourism activities. The local community also felt the cooperation and assistance provided by the Tanjung Lesung SEZ, covers compensation for orphans, the contribution of clean water facilities, and repair & arrangement of Floating Fish Cage/Lift Net/Pond to be used as a tourist destination. This study shows that the level of participation in the tourist area is at level 6 (partnership). The community and managers have mutual dependence to achieve the community welfare of the Tanjung Lesung SEZ.
Diversity and degree of endoparasite infection in IPB-D1 chickens raised with free-range system
Authors: Lase J A , Estuningsih S , Afnan R , Wulandari Z , Sartika T , Rafian T , Sumantri C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study was to determine the type and degree of endoparasite infection in the feces of free-range IPB-D1 chickens, as basic science in the formation of endoparasite-resistant local chickens that are in accordance with the maintenance system and behavior of Indonesian farmers. The materials of this study were 46 feces of 18-week-old IPB-D1 chickens collected from different rearing management, 23 feces from intensive system and 23 feces from free-range system cages. Chickens had been reared for 14 weeks in each system. The examination was performed quantitatively using the Mc. Master technique. The results showed that Ascaridia galli eggs were detected in 17.39% of the samples of intensive and 65.22% of the samples of free-range, Capillaria annulata eggs were detected in 21.74% of the samples of intensive and 95.65% of the samples of free-range, Cestoda class worm eggs were detected in 13.04% of the samples of intensive and 8.70% of the samples of free-range, and protozoan oocysts were detected in 78.26% of the samples of intensive and 91.30% of the samples of free-range. Based on the results of the research, it can be claimed that IPB-D1 chickens with free-range rearing system had more worm and protozoa infections compared to intensive rearing system.
The potential of bioactive forage legumes for ruminant production in temperate and tropical areas: A One health approach
Authors: Niderkorn V , Yanza Y R , Jayanegara A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Nutritional strategies are the most evident and natural methods to integrate ruminant production systems in the One health approach, aiming at the simultaneous protection of the health of humans, animals and the environment. Among these strategies, the use of forage legumes containing some bioactive compounds (mainly phenols, terpenes and alkaloids) is particularly promising as they have shown potential benefits in multiple dimensions throughout the ruminant production chain. In addition to be protein-rich resources, they have been shown to decrease nitrogen fertilization, reduce methane emissions and urinary nitrogen excretion, have anthelmintic and antioxidant activities improving health status of animals, and can improve product quality through their fatty acid profile and oxidative stability. Bioactive legumes are present both in temperate and tropical areas, but their use could be different as the compounds of interest could be of different nature and in different concentrations. Interdisciplinary and transnational research projects could provide a considerable opportunity to share knowledge in this field and to propose global innovative solutions for ruminant nutrition in the future.
Extraction of virgin deep-sea fish oil (Lepidocybium flavobrunneum and Ruvettus pretiosus) and their potential as immunostimulants
Authors: Suseno S H , Nugraha R , Sari G N , Ramadhan W , Nurjannah F , Arifah A U , Adha A S A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Escolar (Lepidocybium flavobrunneum) and oilfish (Ruvettus pretiosus) are by-catches of tuna and classified as deep-sea fish that are able to occupy a depth of 200 meters under ocean level. These fish are able to be used as a fount of fish oil (FO) production due to their high fat content, up to 13.30%. This research objectives to determine fat content, oil yield, fatty acid (FA) profiles, oxidation parameters, and the potential of deep-sea FO as immunostimulants agent by in vitro method. The research method employed was wet lab-based, encompassing the extraction of deep-sea fish oil using the wet rendering method at a temperature of 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C for 1 hour utilizing a water bath. The extracted oil yield was quantified, and its potential as an immunostimulant was identified through an in vitro MTT assay. The dominant FA in escolar and oilfish were oleic acid (C18:1n-9c) 26.85% (w/w) and 23.02% (w/w), respectively. Splenocyte proliferation activity showed that oilfish and escolar FO were able to raise splenocyte proliferation, so they got the potential to act as immunostimulants.