bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol attenuates microvascular inflammation in sepsis via SIRT‐1‐Induced modulation of adhesion molecules in ob/ob mice
Authors: Wang Xianfeng , Buechler Nancy L. , Yoza Barbara K. , McCall Charles E. , Vachharajani Vidula T. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveObesity, a sirtuin‐1 (SIRT‐1) ‐deficient state, increases morbidity and resource utilization in critically ill patients. SIRT‐1 deficiency increases microvascular inflammation and mortality in early sepsis. The objective of the study was to study the effect of resveratrol (RSV), a SIRT‐1 activator, on microvascular inflammation in obese septic mice.Methodsob/ob and C57Bl/6 (WT) mice were pretreated with RSV versus dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (vehicle) prior to cecal ligation and puncture (sepsis). We studied (1) leukocyte/platelet adhesion, (2) E‐selectin, ICAM‐1, and SIRT‐1 expression in small intestine, and (3) 7‐day survival. A group of RSV‐treated mice received SIRT‐1 inhibitor (EX‐527) with sepsis induction, and leukocyte/platelet adhesion and E‐selectin/ICAM‐1 expression were studied. We treated endothelial (HUVEC) cells with RSV to study E‐selectin/ICAM‐1 and p65‐acetylation (AC‐p65) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).ResultsRSV treatment decreased leukocyte/platelet adhesion and E‐selectin/ICAM‐1 expression with increased SIRT‐1 expression in septic ob/ob and WT mice, decreased E‐selectin/ICAM‐1 expression via increased SIRT‐1 expression, and decreased AC‐p65 expression in HUVEC. EX‐527 abolished RSV‐induced attenuation of microvascular inflammation in ob/ob septic mice. Finally, ob/ob mice in the sepsis+RSV group had significantly increased 7‐day survival versus the sepsis+vehicle group.ConclusionsRSV increases SIRT‐1 expression in ob/ob septic mice to reduce microvascular inflammation and improves survival.
GLP‐1 receptor agonists: Nonglycemic clinical effects in weight loss and beyond
Authors: Ryan Donna , Acosta Andres 
Published: May 2015

ObectiveGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists are indicated for treatment of type 2 diabetes since they mimic the actions of native GLP‐1 on pancreatic islet cells, stimulating insulin release, while inhibiting glucagon release, in a glucose‐dependent manner. The observation of weight loss has led to exploration of their potential as antiobesity agents, with liraglutide 3.0 mg day−1 approved for weight management in the US on December 23, 2014, and in the EU on March 23, 2015. This review examines the potential nonglycemic effects of GLP‐1 receptor agonists.MethodsA literature search was conducted to identify preclinical and clinical evidence on nonglycemic effects of GLP‐1 receptor agonists.ResultsGLP‐1 receptors are distributed widely in a number of tissues in humans, and their effects are not limited to the well‐recognized effects on glycemia. Nonglycemic effects include weight loss, which is perhaps the most widely recognized nonglycemic effect. In addition, effects on the cardiovascular, neurologic, and renal systems and on taste perception may occur independently of weight loss.ConclusionsGLP‐1 receptor agonists may provide other nonglycemic clinical effects besides weight loss. Understanding these effects is important for prescribers in using GLP‐1 receptor agonists for diabetic patients, but also if approved for chronic weight management.
High‐resolution MALDI‐FT‐ICR MS imaging for the analysis of metabolites from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded clinical tissue samples
Authors: Buck Achim , Ly Alice , Balluff Benjamin , Sun Na , Gorzolka Karin , Feuchtinger Annette , Janssen Klaus‐Peter , Kuppen Peter JK , van de Velde Cornelis JH , Weirich Gregor , Erlmeier Franziska , Langer Rupert , Aubele Michaela , Zitzelsberger Horst , Aichler Michaela , Walch Axel 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe present the first analytical approach to demonstrate the in situ imaging of metabolites from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) human tissue samples. Using high‐resolution matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐FT‐ICR MSI), we conducted a proof‐of‐principle experiment comparing metabolite measurements from FFPE and fresh frozen tissue sections, and found an overlap of 72% amongst 1700 m/z species. In particular, we observed conservation of biomedically relevant information at the metabolite level in FFPE tissues. In biomedical applications, we analysed tissues from 350 different cancer patients and were able to discriminate between normal and tumour tissues, and different tumours from the same organ, and found an independent prognostic factor for patient survival. This study demonstrates the ability to measure metabolites in FFPE tissues using MALDI‐FT‐ICR MSI, which can then be assigned to histology and clinical parameters. Our approach is a major technical, histochemical, and clinicopathological advance that highlights the potential for investigating diseases in archived FFPE tissues. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CBL controls a tyrosine kinase network involving AXL, SYK and LYN in nilotinib‐resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Gioia Romain , Trégoat Claire , Dumas Pierre‐Yves , Lagarde Valérie , Prouzet‐Mauléon Valérie , Desplat Vanessa , Sirvent Audrey , Praloran Vincent , Lippert Eric , Villacreces Arnaud , Leconet Wilhem , Robert Bruno , Vigon Isabelle , Roche Serge , Mahon François‐Xavier , Pasquet Jean‐Max 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA tyrosine kinase network composed of the TAM receptor AXL and the cytoplasmic kinases LYN and SYK is involved in nilotinib‐resistance of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cells. Here, we show that the E3‐ubiquitin ligase CBL down‐regulation occurring during prolonged drug treatment plays a critical role in this process. Depletion of CBL in K562 cells increases AXL and LYN protein levels, promoting cell resistance to nilotinib. Conversely, forced expression of CBL in nilotinib‐resistant K562 cells (K562‐rn) dramatically reduces AXL and LYN expression and resensitizes K562‐rn cells to nilotinib. A similar mechanism was found to operate in primary CML CD34+ cells. Mechanistically, the E3‐ligase CBL counteracts AXL/SYK signalling, promoting LYN transcription by controlling AXL protein stability. Surprisingly, the role of AXL in resistance was independent of its ligand GAS6 binding and its TK activity, in accordance with a scaffold activity for this receptor being involved in this cellular process. Collectively, our results demonstrate a pivotal role for CBL in the control of a tyrosine kinase network mediating resistance to nilotinib treatment in CML cells. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functional screening identifies MCT4 as a key regulator of breast cancer cell metabolism and survival
Authors: Baenke Franziska , Dubuis Sébastien , Brault Charlene , Weigelt Britta , Dankworth Beatrice , Griffiths Beatrice , Jiang Ming , Mackay Alan , Saunders Becky , Spencer‐Dene Bradley , Ros Susana , Stamp Gordon , Reis‐Filho Jorge S , Howell Michael , Zamboni Nicola , Schulze Almut 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming in cancer enhances macromolecule biosynthesis and supports cell survival. Oncogenic drivers affect metabolism by altering distinct metabolic processes and render cancer cells sensitive to perturbations of the metabolic network. This study aimed to identify selective metabolic dependencies in breast cancer by investigating 17 breast cancer cells lines representative of the genetic diversity of the disease. Using a functional screen, we demonstrate here that monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is an important regulator of breast cancer cell survival. MCT4 supports pH maintenance, lactate secretion and non‐oxidative glucose metabolism in breast cancer cells. Moreover, MCT4 depletion caused an increased dependence of cancer cells on mitochondrial respiration and glutamine metabolism. MCT4 depletion reduced the ability of breast cancer cells to grow in a three‐dimensional (3D) matrix or as multilayered spheroids. Moreover, MCT4 expression is regulated by the PI3K–Akt signalling pathway and highly expressed in HER2‐positive breast cancers. These results suggest that MCT4 is a potential therapeutic target in defined breast cancer subtypes and reveal novel avenues for combination treatment. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insecticidal efficacy and persistence of a co‐occluded binary mixture of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) variants in protected and field‐grown tomato crops on the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Arrizubieta Maite , Simón Oihane , Torres‐Vila Luis M , Figueiredo Elisabete , Mendiola Javier , Mexia Antonio , Caballero Primitivo , Williams Trevor 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDA binary co‐occluded mixture (HearSP1B:LB6) of Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) variants was previously found to be highly pathogenic under laboratory conditions. The insecticidal efficacy and persistence of this mixture were determined in greenhouse and field‐grown tomato crops in Spain and Portugal.RESULTSConcentrations of 109–1011 occlusion bodies (OBs) L−1 of HearSP1B:LB6 resulted in 89–100% mortality of larvae on treated tomato plants in growth chambers. In protected tomato crops, application of 1010 OBs L−1 of HearSP1B:LB6 was as effective as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and spinosad in reducing the percentage of damaged fruits, and resulted in higher larval mortality than the Bt treatment. In open‐field tomato crops, virus treatments were as effective in reducing the percentage of damaged fruit as spinosad, Bt and chlorpyrifos treatments. The persistence of the insecticides on tomato plants was negatively correlated with solar radiation in both field and greenhouse settings. Residual insecticidal activity of OBs on protected tomato crops at 6 days post‐application was 55 and 35% higher than that of Bt and spinosad respectively. On field‐grown tomato, OB persistence was significantly lower than with spinosad or chlorpyrifos.CONCLUSIONThe efficacy and persistence of HearSP1B:LB6 OBs were comparable with those of commercial insecticides in both field and greenhouse tomato crops. Future studies should focus on reducing application rates to determine insecticidal efficacy at lower OB concentrations. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Soil ecotoxicity assessment of glyphosate use under field conditions: microbial activity and community structure of Eubacteria and ammonia‐oxidising bacteria
Authors: Zabaloy María C , Carné Ignacio , Viassolo Rodrigo , Gómez Marisa A , Gomez Elena 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDA plot‐scale experiment was conducted to assess the impact of field application rates of glyphosate on soil microbial communities by taking measurements of microbial activity (in terms of substrate‐induced respiration and enzyme activity) in parallel with culture‐independent approaches to assessing both bacterial abundance and diversity. Two rates of glyphosate, alone or in a mixture with 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, were applied directly onto the soil surface, simulating normal use in chemical fallow in no‐till systems.RESULTSNo consistent rate‐dependent responses were observed in the microbial activity parameters investigated in the field plots that were exposed to glyphosate. Denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the overall bacterial community (Eubacteria) and ammonia‐oxidising bacteria (AOB) revealed no effects of the high rate of glyphosate on the structure of the communities in comparison with the control. No treatment effects were observed on the abundance of Eubacteria shortly after treatment in 2010, while a small but significant difference between the high rate and the control was detected in the first sampling in 2011. The abundance of AOB was relatively low during the study, and treatment effects were undetectable.CONCLUSIONSThe absence of negative effects on soil microbial communities in this study suggests that glyphosate use at recommended rates poses low risk to the microbiota. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Event‐based global stabilization of linear systems via a saturated linear controller
Authors: Zhang Liangyin , Chen Michael Z. Q. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryThis paper investigates the problem of event‐based linear control of systems subject to input saturation. First, for discrete‐time systems with neutrally stable or double‐integrator dynamics, novel event‐triggered control algorithms with non‐quadratic event‐triggering conditions are proposed to achieve global stabilization. Compared with the quadratic event‐triggering conditions, the non‐quadratic ones can further reduce unnecessary control updates for the input‐saturated systems. Furthermore, for continuous‐time systems with neutrally stable or double‐integrator dynamics, because an inherent lower bound of the inter‐event time does not exist for systems subject to input saturation, novel event‐triggered control algorithms with an appropriately selected minimum inter‐event time are proposed to achieve global stabilization. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Teaching a new conceptual framework of weight and gravitation in middle school
Authors: Stein Hana , Galili Igal , Schur Yaron 
Published: May 2015

AbstractEmpirical studies have reported difficulties, confusion, and lack of understanding among students at all levels of instruction regarding the issue of weight–gravitation–weighing relationships. This study examined the impact of a new conceptual framework of weight, on a small group of 7th‐grade students (N = 14) in a middle school in Israel. This conceptual framework, which defined weight operationally as weighing results, implied a natural distinction between weight and gravitational force, in contrast to the gravitational definition of weight, which identifies these two concepts. The new framework not only better fits modern scientific epistemology but also matches the common intuitive conception of weight as representing the heaviness of objects. This coherence promises innovative teaching leading to easier and more meaningful learning. The applied pedagogical method included a historical excurse and knowledge mediation through a discursive mode of teaching using images of different environments (Thinking Journey). The collected data of students' knowledge were structured in terms of scheme‐facets of knowledge, which allowed qualitative evaluation of knowledge changes due to the instruction. We found that discussion of the lunar environment led students to appreciate the universality of gravitational attraction and to develop operational meaning for the up‐down direction. Considering the environment of a coasting satellite encouraged students to distinguish between the gravitational force causing the orbiting around the Earth, and weight as the force that objects naturally exert on their support. It appeared that falling served as an anchoring concept leading students to the operational definition of weight. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 52: 1234–1268, 2015.
Targeted nanoparticles for image‐guided treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer: clinical significance and technological advances
Authors: Miller‐Kleinhenz Jasmine M. , Bozeman Erica N. , Yang Lily 
Published: May 2015

Effective treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) with its aggressive tumor biology, highly heterogeneous tumor cells, and poor prognosis requires an integrated therapeutic approach that addresses critical issues in cancer therapy. Multifunctional nanoparticles with the abilities of targeted drug delivery and noninvasive imaging for monitoring drug delivery and responses to therapy, such as theranostic nanoparticles, hold great promise toward the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of TNBC using a single therapeutic platform. The biological and pathological characteristics of TNBC provide insight into several potential molecular targets for current and future nanoparticle‐based therapeutics. Extensive tumor stroma, highly proliferative cells, and a high rate of drug resistance are all barriers that must be appropriately addressed in order for these nanotherapeutic platforms to be effective. Utilization of the enhanced permeability and retention effect coupled with active targeting of cell surface receptors expressed by TNBC cells, and tumor‐associated endothelial cells, stromal fibroblasts, and macrophages is likely to overcome such barriers to facilitate more effective drug delivery. An in‐depth summary of current studies investigating targeted nanoparticles in preclinical TNBC mouse and human xenograft models is presented. This review aims to outline the current status of nanotherapeutic options for TNBC patients, identification of promising molecular targets, challenges associated with the development of targeted nanotherapeutics, the research done by our group as well as by others, and future perspectives on the nanomedicine field and ways to translate current preclinical studies into the clinic. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 7:797–816. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1343This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Anxiety at outpatient hysteroscopy
Authors: Gambadauro Pietro , Navaratnarajah Ramesan , Carli Vladimir 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis review summarises current understanding and research on the association between anxiety and outpatient hysteroscopy. Women undergoing hysteroscopy suffer from significant levels of anxiety, with repercussions on pain perception, success rates and satisfaction. Using validated tools such as the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Index (STAI) or the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in the outpatient hysteroscopy setting, average state anxiety scores similar or greater than those measured before more invasive procedures under general anaesthesia have been consistently reported. This clearly suggests a significant gap between our clinical viewpoint of what is “minimally invasive” and patients’ expectations. In spite of its potential role of confounder in studies on pain-reduction interventions, we found that patient anxiety was evaluated in only 9 (13 %) out of a sample of 70 randomised controlled trials on outpatient hysteroscopy published since 1992. Factors such as trait anxiety, age, indication and the efficiency of the clinic can be correlated to state anxiety before hysteroscopy, but more robust data are needed. Promising non-pharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety at hysteroscopy include patient education, communication through traditional or multimedia approaches, interaction and support during the procedure and music listening.
Investigation of heat transfer of tube line of staggered tube bank in two-phase flow
Authors: Jakubcionis Mindaugas 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article presents the results of experimental investigation of heat transfer process, carried out using the model of heat exchanger. Two-phase statically stable foam flow was used as a heat transfer fluid. Heat exchanger model consisted of staggered tube bank. Experimental results are presented with the focus on influence of tube position in the line of the bank, volumetric void component and velocity of gas component of the foam. The phenomena of liquid draining in cellular foam flow and its influence on heat transfer rate has also been discussed. The experimental results have been generalized by relationship between Nusselt, Reynolds and Prandtl numbers.
Associations of marital violence with different forms of contraception: Cross‐sectional findings from South Asia
Authors: Raj Anita , McDougal Lotus , Reed Elizabeth , Silverman Jay G. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo assess associations between marital violence and type of contraception among women in South Asia.MethodsCross‐sectional analyses were conducted using marital violence data collected during the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys from Bangladesh (n = 3665), India (n = 56 357), and Nepal (n = 3037). Data were pooled to assess associations of marital violence (physical or sexual) with modern contraception use (current spacing or sterilization).ResultsSexual marital violence was associated with both modern spacing contraception (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–1.49) and sterilization (AOR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70–0.88). Sexual violence was reported more often by pill users (9.8% vs 5.5% for non‐users) but less often by condom users (4.5% vs 5.8% for non‐users).ConclusionSexual marital violence might increase use of contraception that need not require husband involvement (pill) but decrease use of methods that require his cooperation (condom) or support for mobility, funds, or time (sterilization).
SegWeigh: A mixed‐method approach to segmenting potential contraceptive user groups and meeting Family Planning 2020 goals
Authors: Reichwein Barbara , Wolmarans Liezel , Nantayi Lois , Nassali Faith , Kakinda Allan , Musumba Duncan , Nguyen Thang H. , Baatsen Pam 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate a low‐cost mixed‐method research tool (SegWeigh) that informs awareness raising and family planning interventions for potential contraceptive users.MethodsA pilot study of SegWeigh was conducted in Uganda and Vietnam between September 3, 2012, and February 21, 2013. User archetypes were produced in four steps by triangulating Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data; a secondary literature review; family planning service provision data; and primary qualitative investigation.ResultsTriangulation of DHS analysis, secondary literature and service data revealed three potential user profiles: Ugandan women wanting to space pregnancies; Ugandan men wanting to limit pregnancies; and unmarried Vietnamese women having infrequent sex. Archetypes were subsequently created of “Kibuuka,” a 52‐year‐old semi‐literate subsistence farmer in rural Uganda, and “Anh,” a 20‐year‐old student in Hanoi, Vietnam.ConclusionSegWeigh rapidly produced data‐rich “real life” user profiles that might help to tailor family planning interventions.
Results of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2 among gestational surrogacy candidates
Authors: Klock Susan C. , Covington Sharon N. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo obtain normative data on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2 (MMPI‐2) personality test for gestational surrogate (GS) candidates.MethodsA retrospective study was undertaken through chart review of all GS candidates assessed at Shady Grove Fertility Center, Rockville, MD, USA, between June 2007 and December 2009. Participants completed the MMPI‐2 test during screening. MMPI‐2 scores, demographic information, and screening outcome were retrieved.ResultsAmong 153 included candidates, 132 (86.3%) were accepted to be a GS, 6 (3.9%) were ruled out because of medical reasons, and 15 (9.8%) were ruled out because of psychological reasons. The mean scores on each of the MMPI‐2 scales were within the normal range. A score of more than 65 (the clinical cutoff) was recorded on the L scale for 46 (30.1%) candidates, on the K scale for 61 (39.9%), and on the S scale for 84 (54.9%). Women who were ruled out for psychological reasons had significantly higher mean scores on the validity scales F and L, and on clinical scale 8 than did women who were accepted (P < 0.05 for all).ConclusionMost GS candidates are well adjusted and free of psychopathology, but candidates tend to present themselves in an overly positive way.