bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student interactions and the development of ideas in multi‐touch and paper‐based collaborative mathematical problem solving
Authors: Mercier Emma , Vourloumi Georgia , Higgins Steven 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMulti‐touch technology is increasingly being used to support collaborative learning activities. However, to know how this technology can be used most effectively, we need to understand if collaborative interactions differ when groups are using multi‐touch technology compared with other tools. In this paper, we compare the interactions of groups of 10 to 11‐year‐old students working collaboratively to solve three math problems in either a multi‐touch or paper condition. The number of ideas raised, who proposed them and whether they were responded to, were coded to identify differences in idea development and interactions across conditions. Responses by students to ideas proposed by other students were coded. Results indicate that similar numbers of ideas were raised across conditions; student responses to ideas raised by other students were more likely to elaborate on the idea or combine it with other ideas in the multi‐touch condition than in the paper condition. These results reinforce prior findings that show higher levels of collaborative engagement around ideas when using multi‐touch than paper and extend our understanding of how this occurs.
Abnormal expression of miR‐1 in breast carcinoma as a potent prognostic factor
Authors: Minemura Hiroyuki , Takagi Kiyoshi , Miki Yasuhiro , Shibahara Yukiko , Nakagawa Saki , Ebata Akiko , Watanabe Mika , Ishida Takanori , Sasano Hironobu , Suzuki Takashi 
Published: September 2015

Metastatic breast cancer remains a highly lethal disease, and it is very important to evaluate the biomarkers associated with the distant metastasis. MicroRNA (miRNA) are small non‐protein coding RNA that regulate various cellular functions. Recent investigations have demonstrated the importance of some miRNA in breast cancer, but the significance of the great majority of miRNA remains largely unclear in breast cancer metastasis. Therefore, in this study, we first examined expression profiles of miRNA in stage IV breast carcinoma tissues, comparing stage I–III cases by miRNA PCR array, and identified miR‐1 as the miRNA which was the most associated with the distant metastasis. However, miR‐1 has not yet been examined in breast carcinoma tissue, and its significance remains unknown. Therefore, we further examined miR‐1 expression in breast carcinoma using in situ hybridization (ISH). miR‐1 was localized in carcinoma cells in 20% of breast carcinoma cases, but it was negligible in non‐neoplastic mammary glands or stroma. miR‐1 ISH status was significantly associated with stage, pathological T factor, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, histological grade, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and Ki‐67 in breast carcinoma. Moreover, the miR‐1 status was demonstrated using multivariate analysis as an independent worse prognostic factor for both disease‐free and breast cancer‐specific survival. These findings suggest that abnormal miR‐1 expression is associated with an aggressive phenotype of breast carcinoma and that miR‐1 status is a potent prognostic factor in human breast cancer patients.
Pathways From Toddler Information Processing to Adolescent Lexical Proficiency
Authors: Rose Susan A. , Feldman Judith F. , Jankowski Jeffery J. 
Published: September 2015

This study examined the relation of 3‐year core information‐processing abilities to lexical growth and development. The core abilities covered four domains—memory, representational competence (cross‐modal transfer), processing speed, and attention. Lexical proficiency was assessed at 3 and 13 years with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and verbal fluency. The sample (N = 128) consisted of 43 preterms (< 1750 g) and 85 full‐terms. Structural equation modeling indicated concurrent relations of toddler information processing and language proficiency and, independent of stability in language, direct predictive links between (a) 3‐year cross‐modal ability and 13‐year PPVT and (b) 3‐year processing speed and both 13‐year measures, PPVT and verbal fluency. Thus, toddler information processing was related to growth in lexical proficiency from 3 to 13 years.
Autocorrelation Descriptor for Efficient Co‐Alignment of 3D Shape Collections
Authors: Averkiou Melinos , Kim Vladimir G. , Mitra Niloy J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCo‐aligning a collection of shapes to a consistent pose is a common problem in shape analysis with applications in shape matching, retrieval and visualization. We observe that resolving among some orientations is easier than others, for example, a common mistake for bicycles is to align front‐to‐back, while even the simplest algorithm would not erroneously pick orthogonal alignment. The key idea of our work is to analyse rotational autocorrelations of shapes to facilitate shape co‐alignment. In particular, we use such an autocorrelation measure of individual shapes to decide which shape pairs might have well‐matching orientations; and, if so, which configurations are likely to produce better alignments. This significantly prunes the number of alignments to be examined, and leads to an efficient, scalable algorithm that performs comparably to state‐of‐the‐art techniques on benchmark data sets, but requires significantly fewer computations, resulting in 2–16× speed improvement in our tests.
China's endemic vertebrates sheltering under the protective umbrella of the giant panda
Authors: Li Binbin V. , Pimm Stuart L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe giant panda attracts disproportionate conservation resources. How well does this emphasis protect other endemic species? Detailed data on geographical ranges are not available for plants or invertebrates, so we restrict our analyses to 3 vertebrate taxa: birds, mammals, and amphibians. There are gaps in their protection, and we recommend practical actions to fill them. We identified patterns of species richness, then identified which species are endemic to China, and then which, like the panda, live in forests. After refining each species' range by its known elevational range and remaining forest habitats as determined from remote sensing, we identified the top 5% richest areas as the centers of endemism. Southern mountains, especially the eastern Hengduan Mountains, were centers for all 3 taxa. Over 96% of the panda habitat overlapped the endemic centers. Thus, investing in almost any panda habitat will benefit many other endemics. Existing panda national nature reserves cover all but one of the endemic species that overlap with the panda's distribution. Of particular interest are 14 mammal, 20 bird, and 82 amphibian species that are inadequately protected. Most of these species the International Union for Conservation of Nature currently deems threatened. But 7 mammal, 3 bird, and 20 amphibian species are currently nonthreatened, yet their geographical ranges are <20,000 km2 after accounting for elevational restriction and remaining habitats. These species concentrate mainly in Sichuan, Yunnan, Nan Mountains, and Hainan. There is a high concentration in the east Daxiang and Xiaoxiang Mountains of Sichuan, where pandas are absent and where there are no national nature reserves. The others concentrate in Yunnan, Nan Mountains, and Hainan. Here, 10 prefectures might establish new protected areas or upgrade local nature reserves to national status.
Reactivity to sorbitan sesquioleate affects reactivity to fragrance mix I
Authors: Geier Johannes , Schnuch Axel , Lessmann Holger , Uter Wolfgang 
Published: September 2015

SummaryBackgroundFragrance mix I (FM I) and its single constituents contain 5% and 1% sorbitan sesquioleate (SSO), respectively. SSO is a rare sensitizer and a potential irritant.ObjectivesTo determine whether the outcome of the FM I breakdown test is affected by positive patch test reactivity to SSO.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology, 1998–2013, was performed.ResultsThe full FM I breakdown test including SSO was tested in 2952 patients. Of these, 154 (5.2%) had a positive patch test reaction to SSO 20% pet. and 2709 (91.8%) had a negative patch test reaction. Positive reactions to one or more of the single fragrances contained in the mix were significantly more common (82.5% versus 57.3%) in SSO‐positive patients, who also had more multiple reactions than FM I‐positive patients with negative SSO reactions (61.5% versus 21.3% patients with reactions to two or more fragrances).ConclusionsOur results indicate that reactivity to SSO markedly affects the outcome of patch testing with FM I and its single constituents. SSO must be an obligatory part of the full FM I breakdown test, and should ideally be included in the baseline series.
Bilateral transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation for chronic constipation
Authors: Iqbal F. , Collins B. , Thomas G. P. , Askari A. , Tan E. , Nicholls R. J. , Vaizey C. J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimChronic constipation is difficult to treat when symptoms are intractable. Colonic propulsion may be altered by distal neuromodulation but this is conventionally delivered percutaneously. Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation is noninvasive and cheap: this study aimed to assess its efficacy in chronic constipation.MethodEighteen patients (median age 46 years, 12 female) with chronic constipation were recruited consecutively. Conservative and behavioural therapy had failed to improve symptoms in all 18. Thirty minutes of daily bilateral transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation was administered by each patient at home for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure was a change in the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC‐QoL) score. Change in Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms (PAC‐SYM), weekly bowel frequency and visual analogue scale (VAS) score were also measured.ResultsFifteen patients (12 female) completed the trial. The PAC‐QoL score improved significantly with treatment [pretreatment, median 2.95, interquartile range (IQR) 1.18; posttreatment, median 2.50, IQR 0.70; P = 0.047]. There was no change in PAC‐SYM score (pretreatment, median 2.36, IQR 1.59; posttreatment, median 2.08, IQR 0.92; P = 0.53). Weekly stool frequency improved as did VAS score, but these did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.229 and 0.161). The PAC‐QoL and PAC‐SYM scores both improved in four (26%) patients. Two patients reported complete cure. There were no adverse events reported.ConclusionBilateral transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation appears to be effective in a quarter of patients with chronic constipation. Carefully selected patients with less severe disease may benefit more. This requires further study.
Corporate Governance and Bank Risk‐taking
Authors: Srivastav Abhishek , Hagendorff Jens 
Published: September 2015

AbstractManuscript typeReviewResearch Question/IssueBank governance has become the focus of a flurry of recent research and heated policy debates. However, the literature presents seemingly conflicting evidence on the implications of governance for bank risk‐taking. The purpose of this paper is to review prior work and propose directions for future research on the role of governance on bank stability.Research Findings/InsightsWe highlight a number of key governance devices and how these shape bank risk‐taking: the effectiveness of bank boards, the structure of CEO compensation, and the risk management systems and practices employed by banks.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsPrior work primarily views bank governance as a mechanism to protect the interests of bank shareholders only. However, given that taxpayer‐funded guarantees protect a substantial share of banks’ liabilities and that banks are highly leveraged, shareholder‐focused governance may well subordinate the interests of other stakeholders and exacerbate risk‐taking concerns in the banking industry. Our review highlights the need for internal governance mechanisms to mitigate such behavior by reflecting the needs of shareholders, creditors, and the taxpayer.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsOur review argues that the relationship between governance and risk is central from a financial stability perspective. Future research on issues highlighted in the review offer a footing for reforming bank governance to constrain potentially undesirable risk‐taking by banks.
Alcohol‐related crime in city entertainment precincts: Public perception and experience of alcohol‐related crime and support for strategies to reduce such crime
Authors: Tindall Jenny , Groombridge Daniel , Wiggers John , Gillham Karen , Palmer Darren , Clinton‐McHarg Tara , Lecathelinais Christophe , Miller Peter 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIntroduction and AimsBars, pubs and taverns in cities are often concentrated in entertainment precincts that are associated with higher rates of alcohol‐related crime. This study assessed public perception and experiences of such crime in two city entertainment precincts, and support for alcohol‐related crime reduction strategies.Design and MethodsA cross‐sectional household telephone survey in two Australian regions assessed: perception and experiences of crime; support for crime reduction strategies; and differences in such perceptions and support.ResultsSix hundred ninety‐four people completed the survey (32%). Most agreed that alcohol was a problem in their entertainment precinct (90%) with violence the most common alcohol‐related problem reported (97%). Almost all crime reduction strategies were supported by more than 50% of participants, including visitors to the entertainment precincts, with the latter being slightly less likely to support earlier closing and restrictions on premises density. Participants in one region were more likely to support earlier closing and lock‐out times. Those at‐risk of acute alcohol harm were less likely to support more restrictive policies.Discussion and ConclusionsHigh levels of community concern and support for alcohol harm‐reduction strategies, including restrictive strategies, provide policy makers with a basis for implementing evidence‐based strategies to reduce such harms in city entertainment precincts. [Tindall J, Groombridge D, Wiggers J, Gillham K, Palmer D, Clinton‐McHarg T, Lecathelinais C, Miller P. Alcohol‐related crime in city entertainment precincts: Public perception and experience of alcohol‐related crime and support for strategies to reduce such crime. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:263–272]
Functional independence of Taiwanese children with Down syndrome
Authors: Lin Hsiang‐Yu , Chuang Chih‐Kuang , Chen Yen‐Jiun , Tu Ru‐Yi , Chen Ming‐Ren , Niu Dau‐Ming , Lin Shuan‐Pei 
Published: September 2015

AimInformation regarding the functional strengths and weaknesses of children with Down syndrome is important for early intervention programmes and for agencies providing family support and educational services.MethodThis study used the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM) questionnaire for the parents or caregivers of 166 Taiwanese children (101 males and 65 females; median age 12y 7mo; range 3y 2mo–19y 1mo) with Down syndrome to assess their functional skills.ResultsOut of a potential score of 126, the mean total WeeFIM score was 101.2. There was no statistically significant difference between the scores from the male and female participants (100.4 [SD 21.4] vs 102.4 [SD 24.7]; p>0.05). The mean scores for three domains (self‐care, mobility, and cognition) were 45, 33, and 23 respectively (maximum of 56, 35, and 35 respectively). Performance was strongest in the mobility domain and weakest in the cognition domain. The total WeeFIM scores and 18 subscores for the three domains all positively correlated with age (p<0.05).InterpretationFor children with Down syndrome, some support and supervision is required for cognition and self‐care tasks. The WeeFIM questionnaire may be useful for identifying the strengths and limitations of children with developmental disabilities and their families.
Delayed tooth replantation in rats: effect of systemic antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin and tetracycline
Authors: de Souza Gomes Weglis Dyanne , Silva Cristina Antoniali , Melo Moriel Evangelista , da Silva Vanessa Ferreira , de Almeida Melyna Marques , Pedrini Denise , Poi Wilson Roberto , Sonoda Celso Koogi , Panzarini Sônia Regina 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSystemic antibiotic therapy (SAT) has usually been recommended after tooth replantation, but its actual value has been questioned. As there are no reports in the literature about its influence on tooth replantation, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of systemic administration of antibiotics (amoxicillin and tetracycline) at the different phases of the repair process (7, 15, 30 days) in delayed rat tooth replantation. Ninety Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) had their maxillary right incisors extracted and bench‐dried for 60 min. The dental papilla, enamel organ, pulp tissue, and root surface‐adhered periodontal ligament were removed, and the teeth were replanted. The animals received no antibiotics (n = 30) or were medicated systemically with amoxicillin (n = 30) and tetracycline (n = 30), and were euthanized after 7, 15, and 30 days. Regardless of the evaluation period, the acute inflammatory infiltrate was less intense and root resorption presented smaller extent and depth in the group treated with amoxicillin. The results suggest that SAT has a positive influence on the repair process in delayed tooth replantation and that amoxicillin is an excellent treatment option.
New fabrication method to maintain proper mouthguard thickness
Authors: Mizuhashi Fumi , Koide Kaoru , Takahashi Mutsumi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of layering a second piece of ethylene vinyl acetate on the original sheet before fabrication to maintain the thickness of vacuum‐formed mouthguards.Materials and methodsTwo methods were used to form mouthguards. In the first, a 3.8‐mm ethylene vinyl acetate sheet was laminated after 3.0‐mm ethylene vinyl acetate sheet was formed at the anterior teeth area. In the second, a second piece of 3.0‐mm sheet was layered on the original 3.8‐mm sheet in the region mounted on the anterior teeth. Mouthguard thickness at specific sites on the central incisors and first molars was measured. The differences in mouthguard thickness according to measurement regions and forming methods were analyzed by two‐way analysis of variance and a post hoc test (Bonferroni method).ResultsMouthguard thickness differed significantly among the measurement regions (P < 0.01). Mean thickness at the central incisors was significantly greater with the sheet‐layering method (5.5 mm) than with the laminate method (3.9 mm) (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that adding a second layer of ethylene vinyl acetate to the original sheet effectively maintained the thickness of the mouthguard. This method is effective to maintain the mouthguard thickness and cost‐effective method.
Advances in first‐line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: current recommendations on management and first‐line treatment by the German CLL Study Group (GCLLSG)
Authors: Cramer Paula , Langerbeins Petra , Eichhorst Barbara , Hallek Michael 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe management of patients with CLL is undergoing significant changes; during the last decade, the outcome of first‐line therapies has been markedly improved with the addition of anti‐CD20 antibodies to chemotherapy. Today, chemoimmunotherapy for physically fit patients ≤65 years should consist of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR). The combination of bendamustine and rituximab (BR) should be considered in physically fit patients >65 years and in patients with a higher risk of infections. Patients with reduced fitness and/or relevant comorbidity should receive chlorambucil with a CD20 antibody, preferably obinutuzumab. Regardless of their fitness, patients with CLL carrying genetic aberrations such as del(17p) and/or TP53 mutation poorly respond to chemoimmunotherapy and therefore require different therapeutic approaches. An increasing understanding of the disease biology has led to the development of targeted drugs for the treatment of CLL, such as the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib and PI3K inhibitor idelalisib. These agents have shown efficacy in high‐risk and relapsed/refractory patients and are currently being evaluated in clinical trials for first‐line therapy. It is anticipated that these compounds and further other novel agents will profoundly change the therapy of CLL.
Unprovoked seizures after traumatic brain injury: A population‐based case–control study
Authors: Mahler Benno , Carlsson Sofia , Andersson Tomas , Adelöw Cecilia , Ahlbom Anders , Tomson Torbjörn 
Published: September 2015

SummaryObjectiveTo quantify the risk of unprovoked seizures after traumatic brain injury (TBI)MethodsWe used the Stockholm Incidence Registry on Epilepsy to carry out a population‐based case–control study, including 1,885 cases with incident unprovoked seizures from September 1, 2000 through August 31, 2008, together with 15,080 matched controls. Information of prior hospitalizations for TBI was obtained through record linkage with the Swedish National Inpatient Registry for the period 1980–2008. Relative risks (RRs) for unprovoked seizures were estimated after various TBI diagnoses, and influences of TBI severity and time since trauma were studied in detail.ResultsAfter hospitalization for mild TBI, the RR was 2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5–2.7). The RR was higher after brain contusion (5.9, 95% CI 2.4–15.0) or intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) (4.5, 95% CI 2.2–9.0), whereas a combination of both diagnoses led to a further sevenfold increase in RR (42.6, 95% CI 12.2–148.5). The risk was greatest during the first 6 months after severe TBI (RR 48.9, 95% CI 10.9–218.9) or mild TBI (RR 8.1, 95% CI 3.1–21.7), but was still elevated >10 years after any TBI.SignificanceHerein we present a large population‐based case–control study on TBI as a risk factor for unprovoked epileptic seizures, including cases of all ages with individually validated seizure diagnoses. The risk for epileptic seizures was substantially increased after TBI, especially during the first 6 months after the injury and in patients with a combination of ICH and brain contusion.