bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding and smoking habits as cumulative risk factors for early childhood caries in toddlers, after adjustment for several behavioral determinants: a retrospective study
Authors: Majorana Alessandra , Cagetti Maria Grazia , Bardellini Elena , Amadori Francesca , Conti Giulio , Strohmenger Laura , Campus Guglielmo 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background
Several maternal health determinants during the first period of life of the child, as feeding practice, smoking habit and socio-economic level, are involved in early childhood health problems, as caries development. The potential associations among early childhood caries, feeding practices, maternal and environmental smoking exposure, Socio-Economic Status (SES) and several behavioral determinants were investigated.

Methods
Italian toddlers (n = 2395) aged 24–30 months were recruited and information on feeding practices, sweet dietary habit, maternal smoking habit, SES, and fluoride supplementation in the first year of life was obtained throughout a questionnaire administered to mothers. Caries lesions in toddlers were identified in visual/tactile examinations and classified using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Associations between toddlers’ caries data and mothers’ questionnaire data were assessed using chi-squared test. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze associations among caries severity level (ICDAS score), behavioral factors and SES (using mean housing price per square meter as a proxy).

Results
Caries prevalence and severity levels were significantly lower in toddlers who were exclusively breastfed and those who received mixed feeding with a moderate–high breast milk component, compared with toddlers who received low mixed feeding and those exclusively fed with formula (p < 0.01). No moderate and high caries severity levels were observed in an exclusively breastfed children. High caries severity levels were significantly associated with sweet beverages (p < 0.04) and SES (p < 0.01). Toddlers whose mothers smoked five or more cigarettes/day during pregnancy showed a higher caries severity level (p < 0.01) respect to those whose mothers did not smoke. Environmental exposure to smoke during the first year of life was also significantly associated with caries severity (odds ratio =7.14, 95% confidence interval = 6.07-7.28). No association was observed between caries severity level and fluoride supplementation. More than 50% of toddlers belonging to families with a low SES, showed moderate or high severity caries levels (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Higher caries severity levels were observed in toddlers fed with infant formula and exposed to smoke during pregnancy living in area with a low mean housing price per square meter.
The effects of Psychotropic drugs On Developing brain (ePOD) study: methods and design
Authors: Bottelier Marco A , Schouw Marieke LJ , Klomp Anne , Tamminga Hyke GH , Schrantee Anouk GM , Bouziane Cheima , de Ruiter Michiel B , Boer Frits , Ruhé Henricus G , Denys Damiaan , Rijsman Roselyne , Lindauer Ramon JL , Reitsma Hans B , Geurts Hilde M , Reneman Liesbeth 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background
Animal studies have shown that methylphenidate (MPH) and fluoxetine (FLX) have different effects on dopaminergic and serotonergic system in the developing brain compared to the developed brain. The effects of Psychotropic drugs On the Developing brain (ePOD) study is a combination of different approaches to determine whether there are related findings in humans.

Methods/Design
Animal studies were carried out to investigate age-related effects of psychotropic drugs and to validate new neuroimaging techniques. In addition, we set up two double-blind placebo controlled clinical trials with MPH in 50 boys (10–12 years) and 50 young men (23–40 years) suffering from ADHD (ePOD-MPH) and with FLX in 40 girls (12–14 years) and 40 young women (23–40 years) suffering from depression and anxiety disorders (ePOD-SSRI). Trial registration numbers are: Nederlands Trial Register NTR3103 and NTR2111. A cross-sectional cohort study on age-related effects of these psychotropic medications in patients who have been treated previously with MPH or FLX (ePOD-Pharmo) is also ongoing. The effects of psychotropic drugs on the developing brain are studied using neuroimaging techniques together with neuropsychological and psychiatric assessments of cognition, behavior and emotion. All assessments take place before, during (only in case of MPH) and after chronic treatment.

Discussion
The combined results of these approaches will provide new insight into the modulating effect of MPH and FLX on brain development.
Histone acetyltransferase-deficient p300 mutants in diffuse large B cell lymphoma have altered transcriptional regulatory activities and are required for optimal cell growth
Authors: Haery Leila , Lugo-Picó Julián G , Henry Ryan A , Andrews Andrew J , Gilmore Thomas D 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background
Recent genome-wide studies have shown that approximately 30% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cases harbor mutations in the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) coactivators p300 or CBP. The majority of these mutations reduce or eliminate the catalytic HAT activity. We previously demonstrated that the human DLBCL cell line RC-K8 expresses a C-terminally truncated, HAT-defective p300 protein (p300ΔC-1087), whose expression is essential for cell proliferation.

Methods
Using results from large-scale DLBCL studies, we have identified and characterized a second C-terminally truncated, HAT-defective p300 mutant, p300ΔC-820, expressed in the SUDHL2 DLBCL cell line. Properties of p300ΔC-820 were characterized in the SUDHL2 DLBCL cell line by Western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and shRNA gene knockdown, as well by using cDNA expression vectors for p300ΔC-820 in pull-down assays, transcriptional reporter assays, and immunofluorescence experiments. A mass spectrometry-based method was used to compare the histone acetylation profile of DLBCL cell lines expressing various levels of wild-type p300.

Results
We show that the SUDHL2 cell line expresses a C-terminally truncated, HAT-defective form of p300 (p300ΔC-820), but no wild-type p300. The p300ΔC-820 protein has a wild-type ability to localize to subnuclear “speckles,” but has a reduced ability to enhance transactivation by transcription factor REL. Knockdown of p300ΔC-820 in SUDHL2 cells reduced their proliferation and soft agar colony-forming ability. In RC-K8 cells, knockdown of p300ΔC-1087 resulted in increased expression of mRNA and protein for REL target genes A20 and IκBα, two genes that have been shown to limit the growth of RC-K8 cells when overexpressed. Among a panel of B-lymphoma cell lines, low-level expression of full-length p300 protein, which is characteristic of the SUDHL2 and RC-K8 cells, was associated with decreased acetylation of histone H3 at lysines 14 and 18.

Conclusions
The high prevalence of p300 mutations in DLBCL suggests that HAT-deficient p300 activity defines a subtype of DLBCL, which we have investigated using human DLBCL cell lines RC-K8 and SUDHL2. Our results suggest that truncated p300 proteins contribute to DLBCL cell growth by affecting the expression of specific genes, perhaps through a mechanism that involves alterations in global histone acetylation.
Proteomic analysis of post-nuclear supernatant fraction and percoll-purified membranes prepared from brain cortex of rats exposed to increasing doses of morphine
Authors: Ujcikova Hana , Eckhardt Adam , Kagan Dmytro , Roubalova Lenka , Svoboda Petr 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundProteomic analysis was performed in post-nuclear supernatant (PNS) and Percoll-purified membranes (PM) prepared from fore brain cortex of rats exposed to increasing doses of morphine (10–50 mg/kg) for 10 days.ResultsIn PNS, the 10 up (↑)- or down (↓)-regulated proteins exhibiting thelargest morphine-induced changewere selected, excised manually from the gel and identified by MALDI-TOF MS/MS:1-(gi|148747414, Guanine deaminase), ↑2.5×;2-(gi|17105370, Vacuolar-type proton ATP subunit B, brain isoform), ↑2.6×;3-(gi|1352384, Protein disulfide-isomerase A3), ↑3.4×;4-(gi|40254595, Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2), ↑3.6×;5-(gi|149054470, N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion protein, isoform CRAa), ↑2.0×;6-(gi|42476181, Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor), ↑1.4×;7-(gi|62653546, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase), ↑1.6×;8-(gi|202837, Aldolase A), ↑1.3×;9-(gi|31542401, Creatine kinase B-type), ↓0.86×;10-(gi|40538860, Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor), ↑1.3×. The identified proteins were of cytoplasmic (1, 4, 5, 7, 9), cell membrane (2), endoplasmic reticulum (3) and mitochondrial (6, 8, 10) origin and 9 of them were significantly increased, 1.3-3.6×. The 4 out of 9 up-regulated proteins (4, 6, 7, 10) were described as functionally related to oxidative stress; the 2 proteins participate in genesis of apoptotic cell death.In PM, the 18 up (↑)- or down (↓)-regulated proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS and were ofplasma membrane[Brain acid soluble protein, ↓2.1×; trimeric Gβ subunit, ↓2.0x],myelin membrane[MBP, ↓2.5×],cytoplasmic[Internexin, ↑5.2×; DPYL2, ↑4.9×; Ubiquitin hydrolase, ↓2.0×; 60S ribosomal protein, ↑2.7×; KCRB, ↓2.6×; Sirtuin-2, ↑2.5×; Peroxiredoxin-2, ↑2.2×; Septin-11, ↑2.2×; TERA, ↑2.1×; SYUA, ↑2.0×; Coronin-1A, ↓5.4×] andmitochondrial[Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, ↑2.7×; SCOT1, ↑2.2×; Prohibitin, ↑2.2×; Aspartate aminotransferase,↓2.2×] origin. Surprisingly, the immunoblot analysis of the same PM resolved by 2D-ELFO indicated that the “active”, morphine-induced pool of Gβ subunits represented just a minor fraction of the total signal of Gβ which was decreased 1.2x only. The dominant signal of Gβ was unchanged.ConclusionBrain cortex of rats exposed to increasing doses of morphine is far from being adapted. Significant up-regulation of proteins functionally related to oxidative stress and apoptosis suggests a major change of energy metabolism resulting in the state of severe brain cell “discomfort” or even death.
Enucleation of giant esophageal schwannoma of the upper thoracic esophagus: reports of two cases
Authors: Jeon Hyun Woo , Kim Kyung Soo , Hyun Kwan Yong , Park Jae Kil 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Benign esophageal tumors are uncommon, leiomyomas being the most frequent. However, esophageal schwannomas are exceedingly rare. We report here on two instances of large esophageal schwannomas treated by enucleation. A 63-year-old male and a 32-year-old female were referred to us for abnormal chest X-rays. Computed tomography of the chest documented sizeable growths in the upper thoracic esophagus, resulting in compression of membranous trachea posteriorly. By positron emission tomography, the tumors appeared hypermetabolic. In both instances, successful surgical enucleation was achieved. Histologic examination confirmed spindle cell tumors positive for S-100 protein by immunostaining.
A new nanosensor composed of laminated samarium borate and immobilized laccase for phenol determination
Authors: Hu Ping , Zhou Xinlin , Wu Qingsheng 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
A new nanosensor composed of laminated samarium borate and immobilized laccase was developed for phenol determination. The laminated samarium borate was synthesized by a mild solid-state-hydrothermal (S-S-H) method without any surfactant or Template. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the samples. The morphology of the as-prepared materials was characterized by SEM, which shows that laminated samarium borate are uniform nanosheets with a layer-by-layer self-assembled single-crystal structure. These laminated samarium borate have typical diameters of 3 ~ 5 μm and the thickness of each layer is in the range of 10 ~ 80 nm. And then, these SmBO3 multilayers were used to immobilize the laccase. The proposed nanosensor composed of laminated samarium borate and immobilized laccase was successfully developed for phenol determination. Cyclic voltammetry were used to study the nanosensor. The proposed nanosensor displayed high sensitivity toward phenolic compounds. The linearity of the nanosensor for the detection of hydroquinone was obtained from 1 to 50 μM with a detection limit of 3 × 10-7 M (based on the S/N = 3).
Identification of core T cell network based on immunome interactome
Authors: Teku Gabriel N , Ortutay Csaba , Vihinen Mauno 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundData-driven studies on the dynamics of reconstructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks facilitate investigation and identification of proteins important for particular processes or diseases and reduces time and costs of experimental verification. Modeling the dynamics of very large PPI networks is computationally costly.ResultsTo circumvent this problem, we created a link-weighted human immunome interactome and performed filtering. We reconstructed the immunome interactome and weighed the links using jackknife gene expression correlation of integrated, time course gene expression data. Statistical significance of the links was computed using the Global Statistical Significance (GloSS) filtering algorithm. P-values from GloSS were computed for the integrated, time course gene expression data. We filtered the immunome interactome to identify core components of the T cell PPI network (TPPIN). The interconnectedness of the major pathways for T cell survival and response, including the T cell receptor, MAPK and JAK-STAT pathways, are maintained in the TPPIN network. The obtained TPPIN network is supported both by Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis along with study of essential genes enrichment.ConclusionsBy integrating gene expression data to the immunome interactome and using a weighted network filtering method, we identified the T cell PPI immune response network. This network reveals the most central and crucial network in T cells. The approach is general and applicable to any dataset that contains sufficient information.
Simvastatin attenuates rhinovirus-induced interferon and CXCL10 secretion from monocytic cells in vitro
Authors: Wickert Lisa E , Karta Maya R , Audhya Anjon , Gern James E , Bertics Paul J 
Published: February 2014

AbstractRV infections frequently trigger exacerbations of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, yet treatment and intervention options remain limited. Statin drugs are the treatment of choice for dyslipidemia and can also modulate immune cell function. To determine whether statin drugs modify antiviral responses of human monocytic cells, we obtained blood monocytes from donors with allergies and/or asthma and treated the cells with sim prior to challenge with RV. RV-induced secretion of CXCL10 was attenuated significantly, irrespective of RV type (RV-16, -14, or -1A), which corresponded with decreases in IFN-α secretion and pSTAT1. Sim pretreatment also reduced RV-induced CXCL10 secretion from human alveolar macrophages. The addition of mev and GGPP—two intermediates of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway—was able to rescue CXCL10 release fully, demonstrating that effects of sim were related to inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis and not to an off-target effect. In addition, sim pretreatment attenuated IFN-α-induced pSTAT1 and CXCL10 secretion, providing evidence that sim additionally can affect type I IFNR signaling. SOCS1 and 3 mRNA are both induced with RV stimulation, but sim did not elevate SOCS1 or SOCS3 mRNA expression basally or in the presence of RV. Our findings suggest that sim inhibition of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway leads to decreased RV-induced chemokine secretion in monocytes and macrophages. These findings suggest that statin drugs have the potential to curb the inflammatory response to RV infection.
Identification of a New Hormone-Binding Site on the Surface of Thyroid Hormone Receptor
Authors: Souza P.C.T. , Puhl A.C. , Martínez L. , Aparício R. , Nascimento A.S. , Figueira A.C.M. , Nguyen P. , Webb P. , Skaf M.S , Polikarpov I. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors involved in cell differentiation, growth, and homeostasis. Although X-ray structures of many nuclear receptor ligand-binding domains (LBDs) reveal that the ligand binds within the hydrophobic core of the ligand-binding pocket, a few studies suggest the possibility of ligands binding to other sites. Here, we report a new x-ray crystallographic structure of TR-LBD that shows a second binding site for T3 and T4 located between H9, H10, and H11 of the TRα LBD surface. Statistical multiple sequence analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and cell transactivation assays indicate that residues of the second binding site could be important for the TR function. We also conducted molecular dynamics simulations to investigate ligand mobility and ligand-protein interaction for T3 and T4 bound to this new TR surface-binding site. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations designed to compute ligand-protein dissociation constant indicate that the binding affinities to this surface site are of the order of the plasma and intracellular concentrations of the thyroid hormones, suggesting that ligands may bind to this new binding site under physiological conditions. Therefore, the second binding site could be useful as a new target site for drug design and could modulate selectively TR functions.
Specific Futures of Critical Infrastructures Safety Ensuring
Authors: Резников  , Reznikov D. , Махутов  , Makhutov Nikolay , Петров  , Petrov V. 
Published: February 2014

A number of critical infrastructures’ distinctive features which define additional requirements to these infrastructures’ safety
ensuring are considered in this paper. Need of addition of traditional approaches to ensuring the safety of critical infrastructures
in relation to design impacts by a complex of measures, aimed at providing their stability to beyond design basis influences is
proved. Means related to carrying out of critical infrastructures’ stability quantitative assessment are considered.
Employment: Renewed Investments
Authors: Mank David M. , Grossi Teresa A. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Supported employment for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities emerged in the 1980s, clearly showing the untapped potential of people to work productively in integrated jobs. Expanding across the United States and other countries, supported employment was shown to be an effective approach to employment across communities and cultures. While supported employment has expanded little in the last decade, there is a renewed investment nationwide and in some other countries. The renewed developments include improvements in supported employment methods, interest in funding based on outcomes rather than services, concern about the persistence of segregated workshops, the need for qualified supported employment personnel, investment in Employment First policies in states, the emergence of litigation promoting integrated employment over segregation, renewed investment in transition, investments in other countries, and the increasingly clear voice of self-advocates with intellectual and developmental disabilities calling for community jobs and fair pay. While there is renewed interest in supported employment, threats remain to further improvement and expansion that must also be addressed.
Effect of hot water extracted hardwood and softwood chips on particleboard properties
Authors: Pelaez-Samaniego Manuel Raul , Yadama Vikram , Garcia-Perez Tsai , Lowell Eini , Amidon Thomas 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The affinity of particleboard (PB) to water is one of the main limitations for using PB in moisture-rich environments. PB dimensional stability and durability can be improved by reducing the available hydroxyl groups in wood through hemicellulose removal, for example, by hot water extraction (HWE), which increases wood resistance to moisture uptake. The resulting liquid fraction from HWE is rich in hemicelluloses and can be used for chemicals and fuels, and the solid fraction is less hydrophilic. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of HWE of softwood chips (conducted at 160°C and 90 min) and hardwood chips (160°C and 120 min) on the properties of PB panels. HWE increased compressibility and reduced springback by 34% and 44% for pine and maple chips, respectively, which positively impacted the PB properties. Water absorption of pine PB panels was lowered by 35% and that of maple PB panels by 30%, while reduction of thickness swelling was lowered by 39% for pine PB and 56% for maple PB after 24 h of immersion in water. The mechanical properties were not significantly affected.
p27 variant and corticotropinoma susceptibility: a genetic and in vitro study
Authors: Sekiya Tomoko , Bronstein Marcello D , Benfini Katiuscia , Longuini Viviane C , Jallad Raquel S , Machado Marcio C , Goncalves Tatiana D , Osaki Luciana H , Higashi Leonardo , Viana-Jr Jose , Kater Claudio , Lee Misu , Molatore Sara , Francisco Guilherme , Chammas Roger , Naslavsky Michel S , Schlesinger David , Gama Patricia , Duarte Yeda A O , Lebrão Maria Lucia , Zatz Mayana , Meirelles Osorio , Liberman Bernardo , Fragoso Maria Candida B V , Toledo Sergio P A , Pellegata Natalia S , Toledo Rodrigo A 
Published: February 2014

Abstract Germline mutations in p27kip1 are associated with increased susceptibility to multiple endocrine neoplasias (MEN) both in rats and humans; however, the potential role of common polymorphisms of this gene in endocrine tumor susceptibility and tumorigenesis remains mostly unrecognized. To assess the risk associated with polymorphism rs2066827 (p27-V109G), we genotyped a large cohort of Brazilian patients with sporadic endocrine tumors (pituitary adenomas, n=252; pheochromocytomas, n=125; medullary thyroid carcinoma, n=51; and parathyroid adenomas, n=19) and 885 population-matched healthy controls and determined the odds ratios and 95% CIs. Significant associations were found for the group of patients with pituitary adenomas (P=0.01), particularly for those with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas (P=0.005). In contrast, no association was found with GH-secreting pituitary tumors alone or with the sporadic counterpart of MEN2-component neoplasias. Our in vitro analyses revealed increased colony formation and cell growth rate for an AtT20 corticotropin mouse cell line overexpressing the p27-V109G variant compared with cells transfected with the WT p27. However, the genotypic effects in genetic and in vitro approaches were divergent. In accordance with our genetic data showing specificity for ACTH-secreting pituitary tissues, the overexpression of p27-V109G in a GH3 somatotropin rat cell line resulted in no difference compared with the WT. Pituitary tumors are one of the major clinical components of syndromes associated with the p27 pathogenic mutations MENX and MEN4. Our genetic and in vitro data indicate that the common polymorphism rs2066827 may play a role in corticotropinoma susceptibility and tumorigenesis through a molecular mechanism not fully understood thus far.