bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oronasal Fistula Closure and Defect Reconstruction: Two Case Reports Using Periodontal Plastic Surgery Principles
Authors: Chacon Gerardo , Alrmali Abdusalam , Mandil Obada , Rodriguez Héctor , Rodriguez José , Al‐misurati Anas , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesOronasal fistulas are common sequelae following cleft lip and palate surgery and can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. They result from various factors, including surgical techniques, tissue management, and patient‐specific factors. This case report explores the modern approach to oronasal fistula closure using periodontal plastic surgery principles.Materials and MethodsThe report presents two cases of patients with oronasal fistulas due to previous maxillofacial surgical intervention. These patients underwent microsurgical procedures that involved partial flap thickness preparation of the fistula areas, the use of connective tissue grafts from the palate, and meticulous suturing techniques to ensure graft integrity. The procedures were performed in stages, and postoperative care was provided.ResultsBoth cases demonstrated successful fistula closure and graft survival. The patients reported improvements in breathing, speech, aesthetics, and quality of life. The second case also included guided bone regeneration and implant placement.ConclusionsOronasal fistulas resulting from maxillofacial surgery can be effectively treated using periodontal plastic surgery techniques, significantly improving patients' quality of life and aesthetic outcomes. This approach represents a valuable addition to the existing repertoire of oronasal fistula closure methods.
A Cross‐Sectional Survey of the Use of Clear Aligners by General Dentists in Australia
Authors: Meade Maurice J. , Weir Tony 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe primary aim of the investigation was to survey clear aligner therapy (CAT) use among general dentists in Australia. A secondary aim was to evaluate the factors that influenced general dentists in Australia not to provide CAT.Material and MethodsGeneral dentists registered with the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency were invited to participate in a structured cross‐sectional electronic survey. The survey covered demographics, preferred CAT systems and practices, relevant treatment planning and retention protocols, patient‐reported CAT issues, pertinent respondent opinions, and reasons for not providing CAT. Descriptive statistics were computed via GraphPad Prism v10 (GraphPad Software Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA).ResultsMost of the 264 (n = 172; 65.2%) respondents indicated that they provided CAT. The majority (n = 82; 58.6%) reported that they treated between 1 and 20 patients with CAT annually. Invisalign was the most used system (n = 83; 61.2%), with 55 (41.7%), indicating that they used more than one system. Most (n = 124; 98.4%) were comfortable using CAT for mild crowding, whereas 73.4% (n = 94) were not comfortable in treating severe crowding with CAT. The median (IQR) number of patients per respondent treated with extraction of a permanent incisor or premolar was 0 (0). Issues regarding tooth positions were reportedly always or mostly in need of change in the initial treatment plan by 68.7%. Problems regarding patient compliance with CAT wear protocols (n = 67; 45.6%) and the predictability of treatment outcomes (n = 31; 21.1%) were the most identified themes of the free‐text comments. Over 80% of those who did not provide CAT indicated that they preferred to refer to an orthodontist for management.ConclusionAlmost two‐thirds of the respondents provided CAT. Invisalign was the most used system. The majority use CAT combined with nonextraction treatment. Most of those who did not provide CAT preferred to refer to an orthodontist for patient management.
Oral Hygiene With Neutral Electrolyzed Water and Systemic Therapy Increases Gastric Helicobacter pylori Eradication and Reduces Recurrence
Authors: Urrutia‐Baca Victor Hugo , Paz‐Michel Brenda Astrid , Calderon‐Porras Alma Nidia , Valle Jany Ariadne Jiménez‐Del , Alvarez‐Fernández Wendy Jazmin , Mervitch‐Sigal Nicolas , Rodríguez‐León Mario Alfredo , De La Garza‐Ramos Myriam Angelica 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesHelicobacter pylori gastric infection strongly correlates with gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, functional dyspepsia, and complications such as peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. In developing countries, systemic therapies are not usually successful due to elevated antibiotic resistance. Additionally, oral H. pylori infection and periodontal disease correlate with gastric treatment failures. This study aimed to explore the effect of an integral therapy, comprising oral hygiene and concomitant systemic treatment, to increase the eradication of gastric infection and recurrences.Materials and MethodsA prospective, randomized, four‐arm, parallel‐group, open‐label clinical trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of integral therapy to eradicate gastric H. pylori infection and avoid recurrences in double‐positive (real‐time PCR oral and gastric infection) patients. Oral hygiene involved mouthwash with neutral electrolyzed water (NEW), with or without periodontal treatment. One hundred patients were equally distributed into four groups: NS, NS‐PT, NEW, and NEW‐PT. All patients had concomitant systemic therapy and additionally, the following oral treatments: mouthwash with normal saline (NS), periodontal treatment and mouthwash with normal saline (NS‐PT), mouthwash with NEW (NEW), and periodontal treatment and mouthwash with NEW (NEW‐PT). Gastric and oral infection and symptoms were evaluated one and four months after treatments.ResultsIntegral therapy with NEW‐PT increased gastric eradication rates compared with NS or NS‐PT (84%−96% vs. 20%−56%; p < 0.001). Even more, a protective effect of 81.2% (RR = 0.1877; 95% CI: 0.0658−0.5355; p = 0.0018) against recurrences and 76.6% (RR = 0.2439; 95% CI: 0.1380−0.4310; p < 0.001) against treatment failure (eradication of infection and associated symptoms) was observed in patients from the NEW and NEW‐PT groups.ConclusionsImplementation of oral hygiene and systemic treatment can increase the eradication of gastric infection, associated symptoms, and recurrences. NEW is recommended as an antiseptic mouthwash due to its efficacy and short‐ and long‐term safety.
Intelligent reflecting surface‐aided D2D‐enabled coordinated multipoint NOMA systems over Nakagami‐m fading channels
Authors: Ravishankar Simhadri , Selvaraj M. D. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe future wireless communication networks (beyond 5G) are intended to provide seamless connectivity, higher data rates, and lower latency. The intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) promises extended network coverage. The non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique provides higher spectral efficiency and supports a larger number of users. In general, the cell‐edge users far from the base station are affected by severe fading, which may result in an outage. To overcome this issue, we propose an IRS‐aided device‐to‐device (D2D)‐enabled two cells coordinated NOMA system in which a common cell‐edge user acts as D2D receiver. The cell‐edge user receives the signals from near users, IRSs, and both base stations to achieve better diversity. We analyze the outage probability of cell‐edge user, while all the fading channels are assumed Nakagami‐
and obtain a closed‐form expression at higher signal‐to‐noise ratios. We develop an algorithm to find the ergodic capacity of the cell‐edge user. We validate the mathematical expressions with simulation results and see a substantial improvement in outage performance over the existing systems.
Cytomorphologic comparison of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas and renal cell carcinomas on urine cytology
Authors: Ng Joanna K. M. , Li Joshua J. X. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionCompared to urothelial carcinomas (UCs), the cytomorphology of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) is underdescribed. This study aims to investigate whether UCs and RCCS of the upper urinary tract can be differentiated cytologically, and to identify distinguishing cytomorphological features.MethodologyConsecutive urine cytology specimens with atypical/C3, suspicious/C4 or malignant/C5 diagnoses matched with a nephrectomy or ureterectomy specimen with UC or RCC over a 15‐year period were reviewed for cellularity, architecture, background composition and cytomorphologic features.ResultsTotally 132 specimens were retrieved, comprising 24 RCCs and 108 UCs. Clear cell RCC (CCRCC) (n = 18) was the most common RCC. Urine cytology specimens from UC showed a trend of higher cellularity (p = 0.071) against RCC and was significant in subgroup analysis with CCRCC (p < .001). Epithelial structures in sheets, tubules, and papillae were exclusive in specimens of UC (p < .05). For background features, squamous cells were more common for RCC (p = .006) including CCRCC (p = .003), whereas polymorphs (p = .011) and necrotic material (p = .010) were associated with UC. Average nuclear size was larger and nuclear size variation (p < .001) and nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio (p = .001) were greater in UC (p = .001) than RCC. Comparing RCC to high‐grade UCs only, nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio maintained statistical significance (p = .006) while average nuclear size showed a trend (p = .063).ConclusionA clean background free of tumor necrosis and polymorphs, and the lack of complex tumor fragments favors RCC. UCs also display larger nuclear size, higher nuclear size variation and nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio. These cytomorphological features with corroboration of clinical/radiological findings, can aid in raising a diagnosis of RCC.
Carbonate‐rich megabeds within a Triassic siliciclastic deep‐water system, West Qinling orogenic belt, Central China: Character, processes and implications
Authors: Li Pan , Kneller Ben , Valdez Buso Victoria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeep‐water megabeds are a particular type of sediment gravity flow deposit that are anomalously thick and often of distinctive composition compared to the deep‐water strata within which they are embedded. Pure siliciclastic or carbonate megabeds have been widely reported from deep‐marine systems. Less documented are carbonate‐rich mixed megabeds with abundant carbonate clasts in a siliciclastic matrix, which are embedded in siliciclastic deep‐water systems. Here, such examples are reported from outcrops of the Lower Triassic in the West Qinling orogenic belt, central China, with a focus on the character, processes and implications of these carbonate‐rich megabeds. Based on regional geology and characteristics of the encasing siliciclastic turbidites and autochthonous micritic limestones, these megabeds are inferred to have been deposited in a deep marine trough. The megabeds are thick (1 to ca 10 m) compared to surrounding beds (commonly less than 1 m), and are of mixed composition, comprising both siliciclastic grains and shallow‐water carbonate clasts. These megabeds are commonly characterised by a distinctive bipartite or tripartite vertical succession of facies. A complete (tripartite) sequence consists of a basal clast‐supported conglomeratic division (Division I), an intermediate matrix‐supported conglomeratic division (Division II), and an upper normally graded and/or laminated sandy division (Division III). These divisions are interpreted to be deposited from evolving debris flows transitioning to turbidity currents during a single flow event, and are the result of flow deceleration and dilution. The megabeds show variability over very short lateral distances (several tens to a few hundred metres), possibly related to surface relief on the debritic portion of the deposit. A new depositional model is proposed for the mixed deep‐water system, with frequent siliciclastic turbidite deposition within this elongate basin from axially flowing turbidity currents, and episodic deposition from laterally‐supplied carbonate‐rich megaflows that eroded and incorporated the substrate during transport.
Pollinator activity and flowering in agricultural weeds in Sweden
Authors: Milberg Per , Franzen Markus , Karpaty Wickbom Amanda , Svelander Sabine , Johansson Victor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe extent to which weeds in arable land are useful to pollinators depends in part on the temporal pattern of flowering and insect flight activity. We compiled citizen science data on 54 bees and hoverflies typical of agricultural areas in southern Sweden, as well as 24 flowering weed species classified as pollinator‐friendly in the sense that they provide nectar and/or pollen to pollinators. The flight periods of the bees and hoverflies varied greatly, but there were also some consistent differences between the four groups studied. The first group to fly were the early flying solitary bees (7 species), followed by the social bees (18 species). In contrast, other solitary bees (11 species) and hoverflies (22 species) flew later in the summer. Solitary bees had the shortest flight periods, while social bees and hoverflies had longer flight periods. Flowering of weed species also varied greatly between species, with weeds classified as winter annuals (e.g., germinating in autumn) starting early together with germination generalists (species that can germinate in both autumn and spring). Summer annuals (spring germinators) and perennials started flowering about a month later. Germination generalists had a much longer flowering period than the others. Weekly pollinator records were in most cases significantly explained by weed records. Apart from early flying solitary bees, all models showed strong positive relationships. The overall best explanatory variable was the total number of weeds, with a weight assigned to each species based on its potential as a nectar/pollen source. This suggests that agricultural weeds in Sweden provide a continuous potential supply of nectar and pollen throughout the flight season of most pollinators.
A Concise Ring Closing Enyne Metathesis Approach for the Preparation of Functionalized Proline‐Derived Azabicycloalkane Amino Acids
Authors: Rubes Davide , Zupi Marco , Bisbano Giovanni , Belvisi Laura , Terreni Marco , De Lorenzi Ersilia , Serra Massimo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerein we report the preparation of C4‐functionalized proline‐derived azabicycloalkane (Aba) amino acids by exploiting a direct ring closing enyne metathesis reaction of readily accessible dipeptide precursors. The reverse‐turn inducing properties of the newly synthesized constrained dipeptide mimics were assessed by computational studies. Furthermore, the desired Aba derivatives, carrying a synthetically versatile diene moiety, were subjected to post‐functionalization reactions to validate their potential application in peptide/peptidomimetic chemistry and drug discovery.
Nonheme Fe Based Enzyme Mimics for Fine Organic Synthesis: Catalytic C−H and C=C Oxygenations
Authors: Talsi Evgenii P. , Bryliakov Konstantin P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSince the milestone contribution by Chen and White in 2007, bioinspired non‐heme bis‐amino‐bis‐pyridylmethyl Fe complexes have been at the forefront of studies related to designing catalytic approaches for direct oxidative functionalization of aliphatic C−H bonds. This, however, has not developed into large‐scale synthetic applications to date. The present concept is aimed at briefly discussing the state‐of‐the‐art of non‐heme Fe catalyzed oxidations of organic molecules with H2O2, the current oxidant of choice of bioinspired oxidation catalysis, mostly focusing on C−H oxidations, and analyzing the peculiarities of their reactivity through the prism of potential applications in fine organic synthesis.
A task‐centric knowledge graph construction method based on multi‐modal representation learning for industrial maintenance automation
Authors: Liu Zengkun , Lu Yuqian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMaintenance manuals are crucial information sources for maintenance and repair. Prior studies explored factual knowledge extraction from textual documents. However, maintenance knowledge in manuals is more task‐centric rather than factual knowledge and often documented in an unstructured Portable Document Format (PDF), posing challenges for knowledge extraction. Addressing this, this research develops effective methods to extract task‐centric maintenance knowledge from unstructured PDF manuals. A new Task‐centric Knowledge Graph (TCKG) schema centralized on maintenance task components (MTCs) is proposed to address the need for structured knowledge representation. A method (Heterogeneous Graph‐based Method, HGM) for knowledge extraction is then proposed, which is enhanced by incorporating visual and spatial information. In the experiments, the proposed HGM exhibits robust performance in the knowledge extraction process, surpassing the baseline Graph‐based Interaction Model with a Tracker (GIT) method in MTCs extraction by 13.3%, and the baseline Translate Embedding (TransE) method in MTCs' relation extraction by 3.8%. A series of ablation studies also prove that including visual and spatial information through the proposed method can improve the relation extraction performance by over 10%. This research supplies valuable insights for future developments in information extraction from maintenance manuals.
Morphogenesis of a new landform responsive to superimposed sulphate and carbonate buried karsts in western Canada
Authors: Broughton Paul L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis case study documents the morphogenesis of a new karstic landform consisting of a calcareous tufa mound with a gypsum caprock that developed at La Saline Lake, an oxbow of the Athabasca River in northeast Alberta, Canada. The development of this novel tiered carbonate‐sulphate mound architecture resulted from emplacement above the largest known buried salt dissolution collapse‐subsidence karst system, which was superimposed by an overlying buried carbonate karst. Dissolution of halite‐anhydrite beds of the Middle Devonian Prairie Evaporite, 200 m below, resulted in extensive subsidence and brecciation of the overlying Upper Devonian carbonate karst. The development of the calcareous tufa mound resulted from meteoric‐driven groundwater mixed with glacial meltwater directed along the shallowly buried karstic carbonate terrain of Middle‐Upper Devonian limestone, which floors the McMurray Formation, the main reservoir unit of the Lower Cretaceous Athabasca Oil Sands. The flow of the carbonate‐saturated groundwater responsible for the emplacement of the tufa mound at the surface was abruptly redirected along a deeper pathway in response to dissolution collapse‐subsidence adjustments within the buried salt karst of the Prairie Evaporite. The redirected groundwater flow deeper encountered an anhydrite‐dominated segment of the salt dissolution trend within the Prairie Evaporite Formation, 200 m below. The migration up‐section of sulphate‐saturated brine onto the surface of the previously formed tufa mound resulted in the emplacement of a gypsum caprock as a new landform.
Serving up health: How phytochemicals transform food into medicine in the battle against cancer
Authors: Sharma Eshita , Tewari Manju , Sati Priyanka , Sharma Isha , Attri Dharam Chand , Rana Supriyanka , Aldahish Afaf Ahmed , Calina Daniela , Dhyani Praveen , Sharifi‐Rad Javad , Cho William C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe escalating global cancer burden underscores the urgent need for more effective therapeutic strategies. Phytochemicals, naturally occurring compounds in plants, have garnered attention for their potential in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. Their ability to modulate molecular mechanisms and influence cell signaling pathways offers a promising avenue for cancer management. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on phytochemicals’ chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential, focusing on their molecular mechanisms of action and impacts on cell signaling pathways involved in cancer. A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search strategy uses Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and free‐text terms using Boolean operators to capture relevant studies. Inclusion criteria targeted original research and reviews on the effects of phytochemicals in cancer, with a specific focus on molecular mechanisms. Phytochemicals, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and terpenoids, demonstrated significant anticancer properties by inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. They modulate critical cell signaling pathways, such as cyclooxygenase‐2, nuclear factor kappa B, and various growth factor‐related pathways, and rectify epigenetic alterations, contributing to their chemopreventive and therapeutic effects. Phytochemicals represent a valuable resource for developing novel cancer prevention and treatment strategies; their actions on molecular mechanisms and cell signaling pathways underscore their potential in cancer prevention and combat. Further research is warranted to translate these findings into clinical applications, optimizing phytochemical‐based interventions for cancer management.
Genotype × environment interaction patterns of dry matter yield in meadow brome, orchardgrass, tall fescue, and timothy evaluated at harsh winter sites
Authors: Robins Joseph G. , Biligetu Bill , Claessens Annie , Khanal Nityananda , Asselin Sean R. , Schellenberg Michael P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundGenotype × environment interaction (GEI) slows genetic gains and complicates selection decisions in plant breeding programs. Forage breeding program seed sales often encompass large geographic regions to which the cultivars may not be adapted. An understanding of the extent of GEI in perennial, cool‐season forage grasses will facilitate improved selection decisions and end‐use in areas with harsh winters.MethodsWe evaluated the dry matter yield of nine meadow brome (Bromus biebersteinii Roemer & J. A. Schultes), nine orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), seven tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.), and 10 timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivars or breeding populations at seven high latitude and/or elevation locations in Canada and the United States from 2019 to 2021.ResultsFor each of the species, we found significant differences among the genotypes for dry matter yield across environments and found significant levels of GEI. Using site regression analysis and GGE biplot visualizations, we then characterized the extent of the interactions in each species. Except for tall fescue, there was little evidence for the broad adaptation of genotypes across locations.ConclusionsThis research adds further evidence to the limitations of perennial, forage breeding programs to develop widely adapted cultivars and the need to maintain regional breeding efforts.