bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mentalizing deficits in borderline personality disorder related to axis I comorbidity: Clinical relevance
Authors: López‐Villatoro José Manuel , Díaz‐Marsá M. , Gálvez‐Merlin A. , De la Higuera‐González P. , Carrasco J. L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimDeficits in mentalization have been described in several mental disorders, but information is still scarce and ambiguous about the types of mentalization errors in each disorder and their specificity and severity in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Due to the high comorbidity between this disorder and axis I disorders, the aim of this work is to study differences in mentalization responses in BPD considering the different comorbidity profiles with other disorders.MethodsA total of 141 BPD patients were evaluated using The Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), to identify comorbid axis I disorders. Mentalizing ability was assessed by the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC). Statistical associations were analysed into the different variables.ResultsPatients with comorbid BPD and anorexia nervosa (AN), suicidal behaviour disorder or post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) respectively presented higher overmentalization, undermentalization and absence of mentalization errors, compared with patients with BPD without comorbidity.ConclusionsResults show that BPD comorbidity with AN, suicidal behaviour disorder and PTSD affect to the types and severity of mentalizing deficits observed in these patients. This study highlights the importance of the assessment and treatment of axis I comorbid disorders in borderline personality disorder, with the objective of shaping personalized treatment for every patient.
Conscience and Bad Conscience
Authors: Snelson Avery 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper attempts to clarify the relationship between conscience and bad conscience in the Second Essay of the Genealogy of Morality (GM II). Conscience, which Nietzsche calls the “will's memory” (GM II, 1), is a faculty that enables agents to generate and sustain the motivation necessary to honor commitments, while bad conscience is that “other gloomy thing” (GM II, 4), gloomy because it is a self‐punishing faculty that produces feelings of guilt. In addition to having different functions, conscience and bad conscience have distinct causal origins. Conscience originated as a memory of “I will nots” inculcated by punishment (GM II, 3), whereas bad conscience is produced by the process of “internalization” (GM II, 16)—not punishment (GM II, 14–15). It would seem to be possible, then, that an agent could have a conscience without having a bad conscience. The sovereign individual is sometimes interpreted in such terms. I argue that this separation is impossible, however. An agent would be incapable of generating and sustaining the motivation to honor commitments, thus having a conscience, without having undergone the process of internalization, necessitating the presence of bad conscience as well.
Comparison of morphological and molecular Strongylus spp. identification in equine larval cultures and first report of a patent Strongylus asini infection in a horse
Authors: Diekmann Irina , Blazejak Katrin , Krücken Jürgen , Strube Christina , von Samson‐Himmelstjerna Georg 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurveillance of Strongylus vulgaris and other Strongylus spp. in equids is important for targeted intervention in parasite control, requiring reliable routine diagnostic methods.ObjectivesComparing morphological examination and PCR analyses of larval cultures to identify Strongylus spp. species based on German diagnostic samples from 2018.Study designMethod comparison.MethodsDuring the routine diagnostic investigations, in total 712 strongyle‐egg positive equine faecal samples were cultured. Third‐stage larvae (L3) were morphologically differentiated. For molecular validation, samples were examined using S. vulgaris real‐time PCR and Strongylus edentatus/Strongylus equinus/Strongylus asini high‐resolution melting PCRs.ResultsBased on 28S rRNA PCR, 594 samples positive for nematode DNA were included in the study. The inter‐rater reliability to compare morphological and molecular species identification was fair for Strongylus spp. without species identification and for S. edentatus, slight for S. equinus and poor for S. vulgaris. The frequency based on morphological and molecular data in this study were for S. vulgaris 0% and 0.8%, respectively, for S. edentatus 0.3% and 1.5%, respectively, and for S. equinus 2.0% and 0.2%, respectively. Based on molecular analyses, one sample obtained from a domestic horse contained S. asini DNA, which was confirmed by sequencing.Main limitationsFor many samples, no or only incomplete data regarding clinical history, the exact geographical location and whether samples were obtained on individual or farm level, were available.ConclusionsResults of morphological and molecular examination methods of strongyle L3 from equine samples can differ substantially. Further evaluation of these methods is required to provide reliable and cost‐effective methods of screening equine parasites. Further studies using approaches suitable to detect S. asini are needed to evaluate its clinical and epidemiological relevance.
Impact of duration of chronic migraine on long‐term effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene‐related peptide pathway—A real‐world study
Authors: Ornello Raffaele , Baldini Francesca , Onofri Agnese , Rosignoli Chiara , De Santis Federico , Burgalassi Andrea , Chiarugi Alberto , Geppetti Pierangelo , Sacco Simona , Iannone Luigi Francesco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe assessed whether the effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) pathway changes according to the duration of chronic migraine (CM) over 12 months.BackgroundIn most patients, CM is a progressive disease starting with episodic migraine. Longer CM duration might be associated with more difficult treatment, probably because the mechanisms underlying chronicization are strengthened. Therefore, early treatment of CM could lead to better outcomes compared with later treatment.MethodsThis cohort study included individuals with CM treated with anti‐CGRP mAbs in two tertiary headache centers from April 2019 to May 2023. The primary outcome included a change in monthly migraine days (MMDs) from baseline to the third trimester of treatment, 10–12 months. Secondary outcomes established whether response to anti‐CGRP mAbs has a more rapid onset in individuals with shorter CM duration compared with longer duration; they included change in MMDs, monthly headache days (MHDs), and days and number of intakes of acute medication during each trimester compared to baseline. Additional outcomes included persisting MMDs, MHDs, and days and number of intakes of acute medication during each trimester of treatment. Patients were compared across tertiles of the overall CM duration.ResultsThe study included 335 individuals with CM, with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 48 (39–57) years; 270 (80.6%) were women. Patients in the highest tertile of CM duration (aged 18–60 years) were older than patients in the lower duration tertiles (0–7 years and 8–18 years, respectively), with a median (IQR) age of 56 (48–64) years compared with 42 (31–50) years, and 48 (39–56)years, respectively (p = 0.025); however, this difference was likely due to a correlation between age and disease duration. The change in MMDs from baseline to the last trimester of treatment (10–12 months) was comparable across tertiles of CM duration (median [IQR] −12 [−18 to −5] days, −12 [−17 to −6] days, and −12 [−18 to −4] days; p = 0.946). No difference emerged in secondary outcomes, suggesting a similar time to onset of anti‐CGRP mAbs effect across all tertiles of CM duration.ConclusionsOur data showed that anti‐CGRP mAbs are effective and have a rapid onset of action in CM regardless of disease duration.
Diagnostic and therapeutic insights in individuals with persistent post‐dural puncture headache: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kapan Ali , Waldhör Thomas , Schiffler Tobias , Beck Jürgen , Wöber Christian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPost‐dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a frequent complication following lumbar puncture, epidural analgesia, or neuraxial anesthesia. The International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition categorizes PDPH as a self‐limiting condition; however, emerging evidence, including our findings, suggests that PDPH can have a prolonged course, challenging this traditional view.ObjectivesTo elucidate the diagnostic characteristics and treatment outcomes of persistent PDPH (pPDPH), offering insights into its demographic profiles and diagnostic features.MethodsWe executed an anonymous, web‐based survey targeting individuals aged ≥18 years diagnosed with or suspected of having pPDPH. Recruitment occurred through self‐help groups on Facebook. The survey comprised questions regarding diagnostic procedures, treatment regimens, outcomes, and healthcare consultation.ResultsThe survey achieved a response rate of 179/347 (51.6%) individuals completing the questionnaire. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks were confirmed in nine of 179 (5.0%) cases. Signs of intracranial hypotension without a CSF leak were observed in 70/179 (39.1%) individuals. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain and spine, with computed tomography myelography performed in 113/179 (63.1%) cases. Medications, including analgesics, theophylline, and gabapentin, provided minimal short‐term relief. Epidural blood patch treatments resulted in slight‐to‐moderate short‐term improvement in 136/179 (76.0%), significant improvement in 22/179 (12.3%), and complete effectiveness in eight of 179 (4.5%) individuals. For long‐term outcomes, slight‐to‐moderate improvement was reported by 118/179 (66.0%) individuals. Surgical interventions were carried out in 42/179 (23.5%) patients, revealing pseudomeningoceles intraoperatively in 20/42 (47.6%) individuals. After surgery, 21/42 (50.0%) of the participants experienced slight‐to‐moderate improvement, 12/42 (28.6%) showed more pronounced improvement, and five of the 42 (11.9%) achieved complete effectiveness.ConclusionThis study underscores the complexities of managing pPDPH. The delay in diagnosis can impact the effectiveness of treatments, including epidural blood patch and surgical interventions, resulting in ongoing symptoms. This underscores the importance of tailored and adaptable treatment strategies. The findings advocate for additional research to deepen the understanding of pPDPH and improve long‐term patient outcomes.
Smell perception in virtual spacecraft? A ground‐based approach to sensory data collection
Authors: Loke Grace , Chand Hirdesh , Chandrapala Jayani , Peake Ian , Besnard Anne , Kantono Kevin , Iles Gail , Brennan Charles , Newman Lisa , Low Julia 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe study explored context‐driven food odour perception with links to chemical profiling of flavour compounds. Participants rated the intensity of three food odours (vanilla, almond, lemon) in a Neutral context and VR simulation of the International Space Station. The study involved 54 adults aged 18–39 years with no history of motion sickness and/or vertigo. The VR context demonstrated significantly higher intensity ratings for vanilla (P = 0.009) and almond (P < 0.001) odours, compared to the Neutral context. Clustering based on perceived intensity identified that those less sensitive to the odours perceived significantly stronger almond odour in VR (P = 0.011). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis linked these findings to benzaldehyde, a common compound in both vanilla and almond odours. Therefore, a VR space context may impact odour perception, subject to their volatile composition and individual sensitivity. This underscores VR's potential as a ground‐based analogue for future sensory research, translating across similar settings beyond the space context.
Mapping the path to decarbonised agri‐food products: a hybrid geographic information system and life cycle inventory methodology for assessing sustainable agriculture
Authors: Martindale Wayne , Saeidan Ali , Tahernezhad‐Javazm Farajollah , Hollands Tom Æ , Duong Linh , Jagtap Sandeep 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe development of a decarbonised food industry will depend on a sustainable agricultural system where embodied food product greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) can be associated with agricultural production. The method presented demonstrates how mapping agri‐production can be used to calculate regional carbon footprints so GHG emission reduction is geographically strategic. Different agronomic and husbandry outcomes are mapped using Geographic Information Systems (GIS's) and carbon footprints are calculated using Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) libraries. The hybridised GIS‐LCI approach reports unique insights for decarbonisation, demonstrating how farming practices can be further integrated to best deliver food security. We use the GIS‐LCI method to show; (1), geography limits crop and livestock production types; (2), agri‐product density data can be used to calculate a food system carbon footprint; and (3), GIS's can be used to focus food policy for sustainability.
Insight into gelation quality of low‐grade surimi as affected by fava bean protein isolate
Authors: Kamani Mohammad Hassan , Singh Avtar , Nuthong Pornpot , Fenelon Mark A. , Murphy Eoin G. , Benjakul Soottawat 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe effect of fava bean protein isolate (FPI) at varied concentrations (1%–4%, w/w) on gelation of sardine surimi was evaluated. Breaking force, gel strength, textural profile, and water holding capacity were improved with the addition of FPI (P < 0.05). However, deformation and whiteness of gel samples decreased slightly when higher levels (3%–4%) of FPI were used (P < 0.05). The improved gel properties were supported by enhanced rheological properties (G′ and G″) of gels containing FPI. Microstructure also revealed the formation of gel network with higher connectivity in samples containing 3%–4% FPI. No major changes in the myofibrillar proteins in surimi gel were observed as determined by FTIR spectra and protein patterns. Higher scores for texture and overall likeness were obtained for surimi gel containing 3%–4% FPI. Therefore, FPI is a promising plant‐based ingredient that can effectively improve the gel properties of low‐grade sardine surimi without causing beany flavour.
Local treatment benefits patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sun Qihao , Du Kun , Sun Shulei , Liu Yuxin , Long Houtao , Zhang Daofeng , Zheng Junhao , Sun Xiaoliang , Zhao Yong , Zhang Haiyang 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the efficacy of local treatment (LT), including radiotherapy (RT) and cytoreductive prostatectomy (CRP), in improving outcomes for patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer (OmPCa).MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis of articles from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science published between 2010 and November 2023 were conducted. The study included 11 articles, comprising three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and eight retrospective analyses. The study assessed overall survival (OS), radiographic progression‐free survival (rPFS), prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) PFS, cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and complication rate (CR).ResultsOS was significantly improved in the LT group, with both RCTs and non‐RCTs showing statistical significance [hazard ratios (HR) = 0.64; 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), 0.51–0.80; p < 0.0001; HR = 0.55; 95% CIs, 0.40–0.77; p = 0.0004]. For rPFS, RCTs did not show statistically significant outcomes (HR = 0.60; 95% CIs, 0.34–1.07; p = 0.09), whereas non‐RCTs demonstrated significant results (HR = 0.42; 95% CIs, 0.24–0.72; p = 0.002). Both RCTs and non‐RCTs showed a significant improvement in PSA‐PFS (HR = 0.44; 95%CI, 0.29–0.67; p = 0.0001; HR = 0.51; 95% CIs, 0.32–0.81; p = 0.004). For CSS, RCTs demonstrated statistical differences (HR = 0.65; 95% CIs, 0.47–0.90; p = 0.009), whereas non‐RCTs did not (HR = 0.61; 95% CIs, 0.29–1.27; p = 0.19). Regarding CR, the risk difference was −0.22 (95% CIs, −0.32 to −0.12; p < 0.00001).ConclusionLT significantly improved OS and PFS in patients with OmPCa. Further RCTs are necessary to confirm these results.
Computational estimation of clonal diversity in autoimmunity
Authors: Tuong Zewen Kelvin , van der Merwe Rohan , Canete Pablo F , Roco Jonathan A 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDiversity is the cornerstone of the adaptive immune system, crucial for its effectiveness against constantly evolving pathogens that pose threats to higher vertebrates. Accurately measuring and interpreting this diversity presents challenges for immunologists, as changes in diversity and clonotype composition can tip the balance between protective immunity and autoimmunity. In this review, we present the current methods commonly used to measure diversity from single‐cell T‐cell receptor and B‐cell receptor sequencing. We also discuss two case studies where single‐cell sequencing and diversity estimations have led to breakthroughs in autoimmune disease discovery and therapeutic innovation, and reflect upon the necessity and importance of accurately defining and measuring lymphocyte diversity in these contexts.
The impact of obesity on body surface area adjusted estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Lim Andy K. H. , Kerr Peter G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAssessment of kidney function is necessary for prescribing renally excreted drugs. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) routinely reported by laboratories is indexed to a body surface area (BSA) of 1.73 m2. In obese patients, the indexed eGFR may underestimate directly measured GFR.AimsTo determine the prevalence of obesity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and examine the effect of adjusting the indexed eGFR for patient BSA (deindexing) across CKD Stages 2–5.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study of 575 adults with stable CKD from two general nephrology clinics over 6 months. Dialysis and kidney transplant patients were excluded. We used four equations (Mosteller, Dubois, Haycock and Schlich) to determine BSA based on actual body weight and applied Bland–Altman plots and piecewise linear regression to examine the relationship between deindexed and indexed eGFR.ResultsThe median age was 68 years (58% male). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 31% and 47% respectively. Mean body mass index was 29.7 kg/m2. The Schlich equation for BSA produced the smallest adjustment in eGFR, while the Haycock equation produced the largest adjustment. Males experienced the largest change in eGFR from deindexing because of larger BSAs. Although bias became increasingly positive with higher eGFR, the linear regression stratified by CKD stage indicated that deindexing had little impact with eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2.ConclusionsIn CKD, deindexing the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration eGFR may not be necessary when the eGFR is <45 mL/min/1.73 m2, particularly if the patient is female.
Reconfiguring digital embeddedness in hybrid work: The case of employee experience management platforms
Authors: John Blooma , Alsamarra'i Zeena , Panteli Niki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs organisations respond to the increasing preference for hybrid work, employee experience management (EXM) platforms are becoming integral to transforming employees' experiences in hybrid workplaces. In this article, we theorise that EXM platforms are implanted into the workflow through digital embeddedness, which is appropriated and reconfigured through the interactions between human and digital subsystems in hybrid work. We adopt the lens of digital/human interaction to explore the reciprocal process of how EXM platforms configure and are reconfigured in hybrid work. Based on a case study of Microsoft Viva, an AI‐based EXM platform, we propose a conceptual model that identifies two dimensions of digital embeddedness: digital/human embeddedness and digital/workplace embeddedness. The study contributes to a theoretical understanding of digital embeddedness as a dynamic process whilst also showing the reconfiguration of hybrid work practices evidences a joint optimization. The study further contributes insights into how hybrid work, which resulted from the enforced remote work during the COVID‐19 pandemic, continues to emerge due to the digital embeddedness of EXM platforms in the flow of hybrid work.
Recurrent monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in a patient with myocarditis—Importance of understanding and targeting midmyocardial anatomic substrate
Authors: Tedrow Usha B. , Batnyam Uyanga , Hoyos Carolina , Romero Jorge E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatients with viral myocarditis can present with challenging life‐threatening arrhythmias. Catheter ablation can be a life‐saving procedure in some patients with recurrent drug‐refractory ventricular arrhythmias.Methods and ResultsA patient with three prior ablations targeting two different monomorphic ventricular tachycardias (MMVTs) presented with recurrent ventricular tachycardia (VT). Consequently, he underwent epicardial mapping with adjuvant AI‐enabled CT images with the creation of a three‐dimensional model, which demonstrated a midmyocardial scar. Fractionated potentials were noted during mapping in this region, and entrainment suggested an inner loop. Interestingly, pacing showed two different QRS morphologies identical to his previously ablated VTs with a long stim‐QRS at this region. Epicardial ablation carried on during the VT successfully terminated it, but the VT remained inducible and required endocardial ablation to make it noninducible.ConclusionThis case emphasizes the importance of recognizing possible three‐dimensional VT circuits in some patients and the need to understand and target mid‐myocardial substrate from both the endocardium and epicardium to achieve the elimination of the VT circuits.
Model Selection Posterior Predictive Model Checking via Limited‐Information Indices for Bayesian Diagnostic Classification Modeling
Authors: Zhang Jihong , Templin Jonathan , Liang Xinya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecently, Bayesian diagnostic classification modeling has been becoming popular in health psychology, education, and sociology. Typically information criteria are used for model selection when researchers want to choose the best model among alternative models. In Bayesian estimation, posterior predictive checking is a flexible Bayesian model evaluation tool, which allows researchers to detect Q‐matrix misspecification. However, model selection methods using posterior predictive checking (PPC) for Bayesian DCM are not well investigated. Thus, this research aims to propose a novel model selection approach using posterior predictive checking with limited‐information statistics for selecting the correct Q‐matrix. A simulation study was conducted to examine the performance of the proposed method. Furthermore, an empirical example was provided to illustrate how it can be used in real scenarios.