bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DO TRATAMENTO PRESERVATIVO DE TALISCAS DE BAMBU COM ÁCIDO PIROLENHOSO
Authors: Beraldo Antonio Ludovico , Matsuoka Jessica Harue 
Published: August 2014

A baixa resistência natural do bambu ao ataque de organismos xilófagos constitui uma das principais limitações ao seu pleno uso. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do ácido pirolenhoso no tratamento preservativo de taliscas de bambu-gigante contra fungos deterioradores. Para tal, foi realizado um ensaio de apodrecimento acelerado em laboratório com taliscas testemunhas (sem tratamento) e taliscas tratadas com o produto diluído em água fervente nas concentrações 0%, 5%, 10%, 20% e 30%, adotando-se tempos de imersão 15, 45, 90 e 180 minutos. As taliscas de bambu foram testadas após 6 e 16 semanas de exposição. Foram efetuadas inspeções visuais nas taliscas e aplicados ensaios não destrutivos de perda de massa e por ultrassom (6 e 16 semanas) e ensaios de flexão estática (após 16 semanas). Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios não destrutivos não evidenciaram o efeito dos fatores testados (tipo de solo, duração do tratamento e concentração da solução) nessas propriedades. A análise visual indicou apenas um ataque superficial nas taliscas, não evidenciando perda de massa. No ensaio de flexão estática, verificou-se o efeito favorável da duração do tratamento nos módulos de elasticidade (Em0) e de ruptura (MOR). O tipo de solo (natural ou estéril) não apresentou influência no módulo de elasticidade, enquanto que a concentração da solução não influenciou o módulo de ruptura.Palavras-chave: Bambu-gigante; biodeterioração; fungos deterioradores. AbstractEvaluation of preservative treatment of bamboo strips with pyroligneous acid. Bamboo presents a low natural resistance to decay, which constitutes one of the major limitations to its use. This study aims to evaluate pyroligneous acid effect against fungal bamboo deterioration through an accelerated laboratory decay with testing reference (without treatment) and treated specimens with the product diluted in boiling water at (0%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 30%) in different immersion times (15, 45, 90, and 180 minutes). Bamboo splits were evaluated after 6 and 16 weeks of exposure. Visual inspections and non-destructive tests (mass loss and ultrasound at 6 and 16 weeks) and bending (after 16 weeks) were applied to the bamboo strips. Results of the non-destructive tests did not allow to detect the effect of the factors (soil type, immersion time and solution concentration) on these properties. Only a superficial attack was observed by visual inspection, which did not denote mass loss. Immersion time shows a positive effect on modulus of elasticity (Em0) and on modulus of rupture (MOR). Moduli of elasticity and rupture were not influenced by soil type (sterile or natural), or by the concentration of the solution, respectively.Keywords: Giant bamboo; biodeterioration; fungi decay.
CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus grandis UTILIZANDO LODO DE ESGOTO, FIBRA DE COCO E PALHA DE CAFÉ IN NATURA
Authors: CALDEIRA MARCOS VINICIUS WINCKLER , Gonçalves Elzimar De Oliveira , Trazzi Paulo André , Delarmelina William Macedo , Rocha Rafael Luiz Frinhani 
Published: August 2014

ResumoO presente estudo teve como objetivo testar a utilização de lodo de esgoto e resíduos orgânicos na composição de substratos para a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro Florestal do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da UFES, em Alegre, ES, constituindo-se de delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis repetições e 10 tratamentos: 100% LE, 80% LE + 20% FC, 60% LE + 40% FC, 40% LE + 60% FC, 20% LE + 80% FC, 80% LE + 20% PCN, 60% LE + 40% PCN, 40% LE + 60% PCN, 20% LE + 80% PCN, e uma testemunha 100% SC. Foram realizadas análises químicas e físicas dos tratamentos e aos 90 dias após a semeadura determinaram-se as características morfológicas das plantas. Os resultados indicaram que a densidade aparente, a porosidade total, a macro e microporosidade, o pH, a disponibilidade de água, K, P, Ca, Mg e sais solúveis foram influenciados pela maior ou menor proporção de lodo de esgoto, fibra de coco ou palha de café in natura. O tratamento 80% LE + 20% PCN apresentou os maiores valores de altura, diâmetro do coleto, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca radicular e massa seca total.Palavras-chave: Biossólido; fibras vegetais; eucalipto; características morfológicas. AbstractGrowth of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis using sewage sludge, coconut fiber and straw of coffee in natura. The present study aimed to test the use of sewage sludge and organic waste in substrate composition for the production of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. The experiment was conducted at the Forest Nursery Center for Agricultural Sciences UFES in Alegre, ES. It was developed in completely randomized design with six replications and 10 treatments 100% LE, 80% LE + 20% FC, 60% LE + 40% FC, 40% LE + 60% FC, 20% LE + 80% FC, 80% LE + 20% PCN, 60% LE + 40% PCN, 40% LE + 60% PCN, 20% LE + 80% PCN, and a witness 100 % SC. Analyses of chemical and physical treatments, and at 90 days after sowing we determined the morphological characteristics of the plants. The results indicated that bulk density, total porosity, macro and microporosity, pH, availability of water, K, P, Ca, Mg, and soluble salts were influenced by a greater or lesser proportion of sewage sludge, coir straw or fresh coffee. Treatment 80 % LE +20 % PCN presented the highest values of height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass and total dry mass.Keywords: Biosolids; plant fibers; eucalyptus; morphological characteristics.
EROSÃO HÍDRICA EM PLANTIO DE PINUS, EM ESTRADA FLORESTAL E EM CAMPO NATIVO
Authors: De Oliveira Luciane Costa , Bertol Ildegardis , Campos Mari Lucia , Mecabô Junior José 
Published: August 2014

Santa Catarina é o terceiro exportador de produtos florestais, com 320 mil ha (11%) das florestas plantadas brasileiras. Somente na região de Lages, SC, existem 70 milhões de árvores de pinus plantadas, o que faz dessa região a terceira do mundo em área florestada com essa espécie, atrás de Finlândia e Suécia. O trabalho objetivou quantificar a erosão hídrica durante 17 meses (entre setembro de 2009 e janeiro de 2011), sob chuva natural, em reflorestamento de pinus com diferentes idades, em uma estrada de uso florestal e em campo nativo, no município de Campo Belo do Sul, SC, na empresa “Florestal Gateados” Ltda., em que a enxurrada foi coletada com uma Roda Coshocton. As perdas de água por escoamento superficial foram de 6 mm no pinus de três anos, de 13 mm no campo nativo, de 23 mm no pinus de 10 meses e 157 mm no pinus de 26 anos, consideradas muito baixas em relação à precipitação ocorrida no período experimental, que foi de 2.040 mm, enquanto que na estrada florestal as perdas de água foram de 928 mm, consideradas altas. Quanto às perdas de solo, elas foram de 8 kg.ha-1 no pinus de três anos, 28 kg.ha-1 no campo nativo, 40 kg.ha-1 no pinus de 26 anos e 74 kg.ha-1 no pinus de 10 meses, também consideradas muito baixas em relação à tolerância de perda de solo, enquanto que na estrada florestal as perdas de solo foram de 22.000 kg.ha-1, consideradas altas.Palavras-chave: Perdas de solo e água; Roda Coshocton; reflorestamentos. AbstractHidric erosion in pinus culture, in forestry road and native grassland. Santa Catarina is the third Brazilian state in exporting forestry products, with 320,000 hectares (11%) of Brazilian forests. Only in Lages there are 70 millions of pinus trees, and it is the third region with the greater density forested area in the world, just losing to Finland and Sweden. This research had as objective to quantify rainfall erosion during 17 months (from September, 2009 to January, 2011), under natural rain, in pinus reforestation areas with different ages, in a forestry road and natural grasslands, in Campo Belo do Sul/SC - Florestal Gateados Ltda., where the runoff was collected by Coshocton wheels. Water loss by runoff was 6 mm for three years-old pinus, 13 mm for natural grasslands, 23 mm for ten months-old pinus trees and 157 mm for 26 years-old pinus; all of them were considered small due to the rainfall which occurred during the experiment period (2.040 mm); however, in the forestry road, water loss was considered higher (928 mm). In relation to soil losses, those were 8 kg.ha-1 for three years-old pinus, 28 kg.ha-1 for natural grasslands, 40 kg.ha-1 for 26 years-old pinus and 74 kg.ha-1 for ten months-old pinus trees; all of them were considered small in relation to the tolerance of soil loss; however, in the forestry road, soil loss was considered higher (22.000 kg.ha-1).Keywords: Soil and water losses; Coshocton weels; reforestation.
PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Anadenanthera macrocarpa EM FUNÇÃO DE SUBSTRATOS ALTERNATIVOS E DA FREQUÊNCIA DE FERTIRRIGAÇÃO
Authors: Uliana Marcelo Bortoli , Fey Rubens , Malavasi Marlene Matos , Malavasi Ubirajara Contro 
Published: August 2014

Com o aumento da demanda de produtos da cana-de-açúcar, seu resíduo (bagaço), que possui baixo custo nas regiões produtoras e potencial de uso para produção de mudas, pode ser uma alternativa viável. Este ensaio objetivou quantificar o crescimento de mudas de angico-vermelho em função de substratos à base de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar decomposto e com diferentes intervalos de fertirrigação. O ensaio foi conduzido em um delineamento de blocos ao acaso e testou três frequências de fertirrigação (7, 14 e 21 dias), mais a testemunha (sem fertirrigação), e três substratos à base de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar decomposto com a adição de húmus, vermiculita, vermiculita e areia, e um substrato comercial isento de bagaço de cana (testemunha). As mensurações das mudas incluíram: altura, diâmetro do coleto, massa seca dos tecidos aéreos e radiculares aos 50, 80, 110 e 140 dias após a emergência. Os resultados indicaram maior desenvolvimento de mudas de angico-vermelho com o substrato bagaço de cana decomposto misturado com húmus na proporção 7:3 (v/v), enquanto as frequências de fertirrigação testadas pouco influenciaram o crescimento durante os períodos de avaliação.Palavras-chave: Viveiros florestais; morfometria de mudas; qualidade de mudas. AbstractSeedling production of Anadenanthera macrocarpa as a function of substrates and fertigation regimes. This essay evaluated the development of seedlings of Anadenanthera macrocarpa as a function of substrates made from decomposed sugarcane and fertigation frequency. The essay was conducted in a randomized block design with three fertigation frequencies (7, 14 or 21 days) plus a control (without fertigation) and three substrates from decomposed sugarcane mixed with humus, vermiculite, vermiculite and sand, and a commercial substrate (control). Measurements included seedling height, stem diameter, and shoot and root biomass at 50, 80, 110, and 140 days after seed emergence. The results revealed faster growth of Anadenanthera macrocarpa seedlings produced with decomposed sugarcane mixed with humus 7:3 (v/v), while fertigation frequency had little effect upon seedling growth.Keywords: Forest nurseries; seedling morphometry; seedling quality.
CRESCIMENTO DE PINHÃO-MANSO EM FUNÇÃO DA ÁREA ÚTIL E DO CONSÓRCIO COM TIFTON 85
Authors: Schulz Deisinara Giane , Fey Rubens , Malavasi Ubirajara Contro , Malavasi Marlene De Matos 
Published: August 2014

ResumoEste ensaio comparou o crescimento e a produção de frutos de Jatropha curcas L. em função do espaço de crescimento e da presença de Tifton 85. O ensaio foi constituído por arranjos circulares com quatro tratamentos de área útil por planta (1,57 m2, 3,92 m2, 6,28 m2 e 8,63 m2), com oito repetições, consorciado ou não com a herbácea Tifton 85. O cultivo solteiro de pinhão-manso com área útil de 6,28 m2 resultou em menor altura de plantas e maiores teores foliares de nitrogênio e fósforo, enquanto que a área útil de 1,57 m2 resultou em maior altura de plantas. Os menores valores para altura, número de folhas, número de frutos, índice SPAD e teores de nitrogênio e fósforo resultaram do plantio consorciado. Entretanto, a área útil de 1,57 m2 promoveu maiores diâmetros do caule. O diâmetro da copa apresentou os maiores valores em plantas crescendo com área útil de 3,92 m2, enquanto que com 1,57 m2 houve limitação na ampliação da copa. A produção máxima de frutos em cultivo solteiro foi alcançada aos 18 meses após o plantio, correspondente à estação quente do ano, independentemente dos espaçamentos de plantio.Palavras-chave: Cultivo consorciado; espaçamento de plantio; planta forrageira; Jatropha curcas L. AbstractGrowth and fruit production of physic nut as a function of plant growth area and Tifton 85. This essay compared development and fruit production of Jatropha curcas L. in relation to growing space and presence of an herbaceous competitor. The essay was composed by two circular plots with four plant growing areas (1.57 m2, 3.92 m2, 6.28 m2, and 8.63 m2) with eight replications for plot intercropped or not with Tifton 85. The cultivation of physic nut in the spacing of 6.28 m2 resulted in lower plant height and higher levels of leaf nitrogen and phosphorus, while the 1,57 m2 spacing resulted in increased plant height. The lowest values for plant height, number of leaves, number of fruits, SPAD index, and levels of nitrogen and phosphorus resulted in the intercropped plot. However, the 1.57 m2 spacing yelded higher stem diameter. Crown diameter presented the highest values in the 3.92 m2 spacing while the 1.57m2 limited the crown expansion. Maximum fruit production in monocrop plot was reached 18 months after planting date, which corresponded to the warmest season independently of planting space.Keywords: Intercropping; planting spacing; forage; Jatropha curcas L.
ANÁLISES ONTOGENÉTICAS EM SEMENTES DE EUPHORBIACEAE
Authors: Oliveira Jonathas Henrique Georg , Paoli Adelita Aparecida Sartori 
Published: August 2014

Acalypha gracilis, Euphorbia cotinifolia e Jatropha gossypiifolia pertencem a Euphorbiaceae e às respectivas subfamílias Acalyphoideae, Euphorbioideae e Crotonoideae. Informações sobre morfologia e desenvolvimento seminal de Euphorbiaceae são escassas na literatura. Este estudo tem por objetivo acompanhar o desenvolvimento morfoanatômico das espécies em questão. Os óvulos dessas espécies são anátropos, sésseis, crassinucelados e bitegumentados. A micrópila, em linha reta, é delimitada pelo endóstoma e exóstoma, é obliterada pela projeção do nucelo, não muito evidente em A. gracilis, que pode alcançar o obturador. As sementes são consideradas exotégmicas, albuminosas, com endosperma na maturidade contendo grãos de aleurona. O embrião apresenta eixo hipocótilo-radicular curto e cônico, cotilédones largos e foliáceos, sendo diferenciado tardiamente – primeiro ocorre todo o desenvolvimento do envoltório seminal, para que depois ele se desenvolva por completo. Jatropha gossypiifolia é endopaquicalazal e apresenta endosperma misto: núcleo-celular. Carúncula bem evidente ocorre em J. gossypiifolia, sendo que nas outras duas espécies é inconspícua.Palavras-chave: Anatomia; endosperma; morfologia; nucelo; tegumento. AbstractOntogenetic analyzes in seeds of Euphorbiaceae. Euphorbia cotinifolia and Jatropha gossypiifolia belong to Euphorbiaceae, and to the respective subfamilies Acalyphoideae, Euphorbioideae and Crotonoideae. Information on morphology and seminal development of Euphorbiaceae are lean in literature. This research aims to monitor the morphoanatomic development of the involved species. The ovule of these species are anatropous, sessile, bitegmic and crassinucelate. The micropyle, straight, is bounded by endostome and exostome, and obliterated by the projection of the nucellus, not very evident in A. gracilis. The seeds are considered exotégmic, albuminous endosperm at maturity containing aleurone grains. The embryo with hypocotyl-radicle axis is short, broad and foliaceous cotyledons, being distinguished later: first, all the seminal wrap development occurs, so that it evolves completely. J. gossypiifolia is endopachichalazal and presents mixed endosperm: cell nucleous. Caruncule is evident in J. gossypiifolia, but it is inconspicuous in the other two species.Keywords: Anatomy; endosperm; morphology; nucellus; integument.
Parallel plate capacitor analogy of equatorial plasma bubble and associated fringe fields with implications to equatorial valley region irregularities
Authors: Mukherjee S. , Patra A. K. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractVHF radar echoes from the valley region plasma irregularities, displaying ascending pattern, are often observed during the active phase of equatorial plasma bubble in the close vicinity of the geomagnetic equator and have been attributed to bubble‐related fringe field effect. These irregularities however are not observed at a few degrees away from the equator. In this paper, we attempt to understand this contrasting observational result by comparing fringe field at the geomagnetic equator and low latitudes. We use parallel plate capacitor analogy of equatorial plasma bubble and choose a few capacitor configurations, consistent with commonly observed dimension and magnetic field‐aligned property of plasma bubble, for computing fringe field. Results show that fringe field decreases significantly with decreasing altitude as expected. Further, fringe field decreases remarkably with latitude, which clearly indicates the role of magnetic field‐aligned property of plasma bubble in reducing the magnitude of fringe field at low latitudes compared to that at the geomagnetic equator. The results are presented and discussed in the light of current understanding of plasma bubble‐associated fringe field‐induced plasma irregularities in the valley region.
Local time dependences of oxygen ENA periodicities at Saturn
Authors: Carbary J. F. , Mitchell D. G. , Brandt P. C. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe periodicities of energetic neutral atoms (90–170 keV oxygens) at Saturn are determined by applying Lomb‐Scargle periodogram analyses to energetic neutral atom (ENA) fluxes observed in eight local time sectors of the equatorial plane between 5 and 15 RS (1 RS = 60,268 km). The analyses come from four long intervals (>180 days each) of high‐latitude viewing from 2007 to 2013 and represent an essentially global view of Saturn's periodicities. The periodograms display rich and complex structures in local time. Sectors near midnight generally exhibit the strongest periodicities (in terms of highest signal‐to‐noise ratios) and often show the dual or single periods of the Saturn kilometric radiation (SKR). Sectors near noon display single or multiple periodicities or none. Furthermore, dayside periods may be much shorter (~10.3 h) than SKR periods. Sectors near dawn or dusk display periodicities intermediate between midnight and noon or may show no periodicities whatsoever. These patterns of local time dependence do not remain constant from interval to interval.
Constructive interference of large‐scale gravity waves excited by interplanetary shock on 29 October 2003: CHAMP observation
Authors: Guo Jianpeng , Liu Huixin , Feng Xueshang , Wan Weixing , Deng Yue , Liu Chaoxu 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this paper we report the detection of full constructive interference between two large‐scale gravity waves in the upper thermosphere from the CHAMP accelerometer measurements. The two waves are separately excited in northern and southern auroral regions by the shock‐induced auroral intensification on 29 October 2003. They propagate equatorward and encounter near the equator, where constructive interference occurs and causes nightside equatorial neutral density enhancements of ∼60%. This result demonstrates that the constructive interference can be a potential mechanism for large density increases in the equatorial region during magnetically active periods.
First comparison of OMI‐DOAS total ozone using ground‐based observations at a megacity site in East Asia: Causes of discrepancy and improvement in OMI‐DOAS total ozone during summer
Authors: Hong Hyunkee , Lee Hanlim , Kim Jhoon , Lee Yun‐Gon 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis study compares, for the first time, the total ozone columns derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument‐Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (OMI‐DOAS algorithm) (TOCs‐OMI) with those obtained from ground‐based Brewer and Dobson spectrophotometers (TOCs‐Ground) in Seoul, a megacity in northeast Asia, over the 3 years between 2008 and 2010. We found a seasonal mean underestimation of 2.68% (maximum 18.33% on a single day) in TOCs‐OMI when compared with TOCs‐Ground from Seoul, particularly during the summer seasons (June, July, and August) of our study period: 20 of the 30 days when this underestimation of TOCs‐OMI was greatest occurred during the summer. The causes of such large underestimations in summer TOCs‐OMI were investigated, and we found that the ghost column densities (GCDs) used in the current OMI‐DOAS algorithm did not fully account for the tropospheric ozone amounts below the cloud top in Seoul, particularly during the summer season when surface ozone is enhanced due to active photochemical reactions. We propose the use of New TOCs‐OMI based on New GCDs that were calculated using ozonesonde data for the limited number of days when such data were available. The mean bias errors (MBE) against the TOCs‐Ground of the New TOCs‐OMI and original TOCs‐OMI were −0.60% and −2.16%, respectively, which demonstrates the greater accuracy of the New TOCs‐OMI. To increase the amount of New TOCs‐OMI data available for comparison with the TOCs‐Ground data, the regression equation for the relationship between the ozonesonde data and OMI‐DOAS cloud pressure data was used to increase the availability of New GCD data for each measurement date that TOCs‐OMI data were available for. This procedure reduced the MBE of the original TOCs‐OMI by 1.29%, 1.67%, and 1.29% in June, July, and August, respectively. The present study demonstrates that the underestimation of GCDs is one of the major causes of the underestimation of TOCs‐OMI during the summer season and suggests that improvements could be achieved using the proposed correction for these GCDs.
The diel cycle of water vapor in west Greenland
Authors: Kopec B. G. , Lauder A. M. , Posmentier E. S. , Feng X. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe present a study of the dynamics of small‐scale (~100 km) atmospheric circulation in west Greenland which is dominated by interactions of marine and continental air masses. Water vapor concentration and isotopic ratios measured continuously over a 25 day period in Kangerlussuaq, Greenland were used to monitor the convergence of easterly katabatic winds and westerly sea breezes that form a front between the dry, isotopically depleted, glacial air mass and the moist, isotopically enriched, marine air mass. During the latter 16 days of the measurement period, an interval with no large‐scale synoptic interference, the inland penetration of the sea breeze controlled the largest day‐to‐day humidity and vapor isotopic variations. Kangerlussuaq experienced sea breezes in the afternoon on 9 days, consistent with the long‐term average of such occurrences on 56% of days in July and August. The inland position of the sea breeze front is controlled by the katabatic wind strength, which is stronger during times of reduced cloud coverage and/or higher‐pressure gradient between the coast and the Greenland ice sheet. The position and movement of the front will likely respond to changes in the general atmospheric circulation and regional radiation balance resulting from global warming, which will, in turn, impact the local hydrological cycle and ecosystem processes.