bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of random coupled structures through the wave finite element method
Authors: Ben Souf Mohamed Amine , Ichchou Mohamed , Bareille Olivier , Bouhaddi Noureddine , Haddar Mohamed 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop a new formulation using spectral approach, which can predict the wave behavior to uncertain parameters in mid and high frequencies.

Design/methodology/approach
– The work presented is based on a hybridization of a spectral method called the “wave finite element (WFE)” method and a non-intrusive probabilistic approach called the “polynomial chaos expansion (PCE).” The WFE formulation for coupled structures is detailed in this paper. The direct connection with the conventional finite element method allows to identify the diffusion relation for a straight waveguide containing a mechanical or geometric discontinuity. Knowing that the uncertainties play a fundamental role in mid and high frequencies, the PCE is applied to identify uncertainty propagation in periodic structures with periodic uncertain parameters. The approach proposed allows the evaluation of the dispersion of kinematic and energetic parameters.

Findings
– The authors have found that even though this approach was originally designed to deal with uncertainty propagation in structures it can be competitive with its low time consumption. The Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) is also employed to minimize CPU time.

Originality/value
– The approach proposed is quite new and very simple to apply to any periodic structures containing variabilities in its mechanical parameters. The Stochastic Wave Finite Element can predict the dynamic behavior from wave sensitivity of any uncertain media. The approach presented is validated for two different cases: coupled waveguides with and without section modes. The presented results are verified vs Monte Carlo simulations.
Influence of wiki participation on transnational collaboration learning anxiety in middle school students
Authors: Ku David Tawei , Chen Nancy Lanhui 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the Wiki and its influence on the anxiety produced during cross-cultural web-based collaborative learning sessions.

Design/methodology/approach
– In total, 49 high school students participated in transnational collaborative learning and engaged in a one-month Google Wiki activity. A transnational collaborative learning anxiety inventory was used to measure the anxiety of the participants, which included the dimensions of social anxiety, foreign language anxiety, and computer anxiety. In addition, platform usage records were compiled using Google Wiki user records and participation process checklists. Relative data derived from these two items were compared with the questionnaire data.

Findings
– The results indicated that participants who had experience with Wiki transnational collaborative learning exhibited significantly reduced SA and FLA. Participation process and user records revealed that embedding videos; responding to content created by others; proofreading and editing the content of others; updating layouts; underlining text, changing the font, and color coding; and increasing the number of edits reduced FLA. The number of times edits and responses were produced was correlated with decreases in SA.

Originality/value
– The causes and effects of transnational collaborative learning have concurrently received attention. However, studies on Wiks and their impact on the anxiety produced during cross-cultural Web-based collaborative learning are limited. Therefore, Google Wiki was used in this study as the medium through which the effects of Wiki participation on anxiety resulting from transnational collaborative learning were explored.
Seismoelectric measurements in a porous quartz‐sand sample with anisotropic permeability
Authors: Zhu Zhenya , Toksӧz M.N. , Zhan Xin 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTSeismoelectric coupling coefficients are difficult to predict theoretically because they depend on a large numbers of rock properties, including porosity, permeability, tortuosity, etc. The dependence of the coupling coefficient on rock properties such as permeability requires experimental data. In this study, we carry out a set of laboratory measurements to determine the dependence of seismoelectric coupling coefficient on permeability. We use both an artificial porous “sandstone” sample, with cracks, built using quartz‐sand and Berea sandstone samples. The artificial sample is a cube with 39% porosity. Its permeability levels are anisotropic: 14.7 D, 13.8 D, and 8.3 D in the x‐, y‐, and z‐directions, respectively. Seismoelectric measurements are performed in a water tank in the frequency range of 20 kHz–90 kHz. A piezoelectric P‐wave source is used to generate an acoustic wave that propagates through the sample from the three different (x, y, and z) directions. The amplitudes of the seismoelectric signal induced by the acoustic waves vary with the direction. The highest signal is in the direction of the highest permeability, and the lowest signal is in the direction of the lowest permeability. Since the porosity of the sample is constant, the results directly show the dependence of seismoelectric coefficients on permeability. Seismoelectric measurements with natural rocks are performed using Berea sandstone 500 and 100 samples. Because the Berea samples are nearly isotropic in permeability, the amplitudes of the seismoelectric signals induced in the different directions are the same within the measurement error. Because the permeability of Berea 500 is higher than that of Berea 100, the amplitude of the seismoelectric signals induced in Berea 500 is higher than those in Berea 100. To determine the relative contributions of porosity and permeability on seismoelectric conversion, we carried out an analysis, using Pride (1994) formulation and Kozeny–Carman relationship; the normalized amplitudes of seismoelectric coupling coefficients in three directions are calculated and compared with the experimental results. The results show that the seismoelectric conversion is related to permeability in the frequency range of measurements. This is an encouraging result since it opens the possibility of determining the permeability of a formation from seismoelectric measurements.
Temporal changes of symbiont density and host fitness after rifampicin treatment in a whitefly of the Bemisia tabaci species complex
Authors: Shan Hong‐Wei , Zhang Chang‐Rong , Yan Ting‐Ting , Tang Hai‐Qin , Wang Xiao‐Wei , Liu Shu‐Sheng , Liu Yin‐Quan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMicrobial symbionts are essential or important partners to phloem‐feeding insects. Antibiotics have been used to selectively eliminate symbionts from their host insects and establish host lines with or without certain symbionts for investigating functions of the symbionts. In this study, using the antibiotic rifampicin we attempted to selectively eliminate certain symbionts from a population of the Middle East‐Asia Minor 1 whitefly of the Bemisia tabaci species complex, which harbors the primary symbiont “Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum” and two secondary symbionts “Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa” and Rickettsia. Neither the primary nor the secondary symbionts were completely depleted in the adults (F0) that fed for 48 h on a diet treated with rifampicin at concentrations of 1–100 μg/mL. However, both the primary and secondary symbionts were nearly completely depleted in the offspring (F1) of the rifampicin‐treated adults. Although the F1 adults produced some eggs (F2), most of the eggs failed to hatch and none of them reached the second instar, and consequently the rifampicin‐treated whitefly colony vanished at the F2 generation. Interestingly, quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays showed that in the rifampicin‐treated whiteflies, the density of the primary symbiont was reduced at an obviously slower pace than the secondary symbionts. Mating experiments between rifampicin‐treated and untreated adults demonstrated that the negative effects of rifampicin on host fitness were expressed when the females were treated by the antibiotic, and whether males were treated or not by the antibiotic had little contribution to the negative effects. These observations indicate that with this whitefly population it is not feasible to selectively eliminate the secondary symbionts using rifampicin without affecting the primary symbiont and establish host lines for experimental studies. However, the extinction of the whitefly colony at the second generation after rifampicin treatment indicates the potential of the antibiotic as a control agent of the whitefly pest.
Feasibility of an Area‐Yield Insurance Scheme in the EU: Evidence from Finland
Authors: Liesivaara Petri , Myyrä Sami 
Published: September 2015

SummaryYield variability increases farm income volatility. This volatility is expected to increase as the frequency of extreme weather events intensifies with climate change. Preparation is needed in farm practices, but also in economic risk management on farms. In the EU, new crop insurance schemes are to be founded on public–private partnerships. Member States and the EU will subsidise farmers purchasing crop insurance from private insurance companies or mutual funds. At the same time, the EU is signalling that basis risk, i.e. potential mismatch between insurance pay‐out and actual crop losses at the farm level will not be tolerated. We conducted a feasibility study of area‐yield index insurance in Finland using farm‐level data. Yields between areas likely to be used in insurance policies and individual farm yields are weakly correlated. By determining the optimal cover and scale of area‐yield insurance for farms, we show that flexibility is needed in the rules for subsidised crop insurance. Systemic risks from area‐yield insurance are considerable. Because there is high correlation between area yields, insurance companies may suffer large scale losses in a given year. We suggest co‐operation in the provision of crop insurance at the EU level to enable more effective risk pooling.
Fruit Phenolic Composition of Different Elderberry Species and Hybrids
Authors: Mikulic‐Petkovsek Maja , Ivancic Anton , Todorovic Biljana , Veberic Robert , Stampar Franci 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate a detailed composition and content of phenolic compounds in fruits of 4 elderberry species (Sambucus nigra, S. cerulea, S. ebulus, and S racemosa) and 8 interspecific hybrids. Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) represented the major share of phenolics in analyzed elderberries; caffeoylquinic and p‐coumaroylquinic acids were most abundant. Flavanols (catechin, epicatechin, and different procyanidins) were the second major phenolic group detected in range from 2% to 30% of total analyzed phenolics. From the group of flavonols, 13 different quercetin glycosides, 7 kaempferol glycosides, and 8 isorhamnetin glycosides have been quantified. Rutin was the major flavonol in all studied genotypes. S. ebulus was characterized by the highest level of total HCAs, catechin, epicatechin, and most flavonols. Some elderberry hybrids, for example JA × RAC, CER × NI, and JA × (JA × NI), are perspective for further studies because they have high content of phenolic compounds. The results of research could contribute to breed cultivars, which may prove interesting for food‐processing industries.
Profiles of Phenolic Acids and Flavan‐3‐ols for Select Chinese Red Wines: A Comparison and Differentiation According to Geographic Origin and Grape Variety
Authors: Sun Xiangyu , Li Le , Ma Tingting , Liu Xingyan , Huang Weidong , Zhan Jicheng 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe profiles of phenolic acids and flavan‐3‐ols for the selected Chinese red wines and the potential of using phenolic acids and flavan‐3‐ols to differentiate the geographic origin and grape variety of wines from China are investigated in this study. Significant differences and markers could be found according to the geographical origin and grape variety. Through a canonical discriminant analysis a good differentiation was developed according to the geographic origin or grape variety, and the accuracy of the discriminant model was 88.9% and 100%, respectively. According to the phenolic acid and flavan‐3‐ols profiles of the wine samples and good differentiation in the region and the variety discriminant analysis, minimal fraudulent claims were noted for the Chinese red wines investigated.
Bacterial Diversity Analysis during the Fermentation Processing of Traditional Chinese Yellow Rice Wine Revealed by 16S rDNA 454 Pyrosequencing
Authors: Fang Ruo‐si , Dong Ya‐chen , Chen Feng , Chen Qi‐he 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRice wine is a traditional Chinese fermented alcohol drink. Spontaneous fermentation with the use of the Chinese starter and wheat Qu lead to the growth of various microorganisms during the complete brewing process. It's of great importance to fully understand the composition of bacteria diversity in rice wine in order to improve the quality and solve safety problems. In this study, a more comprehensive bacterial description was shown with the use of bacteria diversity analysis, which enabled us to have a better understanding. Rarefaction, rank abundance, alpha Diversity, beta diversity and principal coordinates analysis simplified their complex bacteria components and provide us theoretical foundation for further investigation. It has been found bacteria diversity is more abundant at mid‐term and later stage of brewing process. Bacteria community analysis reveals there is a potential safety hazard existing in the fermentation, since most of the sequence reads are assigned to Enterobacter (7900 at most) and Pantoea (7336 at most), followed by Staphylococcus (2796 at most) and Pseudomonas (1681 at most). Lactic acid bacteria are rare throughout the fermentation process which is not in accordance with other reports. This work may offer us an opportunity to investigate micro ecological fermentation system in food industry.
Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Extract of Roasted Hulled Barley in Bulk Oil or Oil‐in‐Water Emulsion Matrix
Authors: Oh Sumi , Kim Mi‐Ja , Park Kye Won , Lee Jae Hwan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAntioxidant properties of the aqueous extracts of hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) that had been roasted at 210 °C for 20 min were determined in bulk oil and oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsions. Bulk oils were heated at 60, 100, and 180 °C, and O/W emulsions were oxidized under riboflavin photosensitization. The content of phenolic compounds was analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography, and in vitro antioxidant assays were also conducted. The major phenolics contained in the aqueous extract of roasted hulled barley (AERB) were p‐coumaric, ferulic, protocatechuic, chlorogenic, 4‐hydroxybenzoic, and vanillic acids. Depending on the concentration and oxidation temperature, AERB had antioxidant or prooxidant properties in bulk oil. At 60 °C, AERB at a concentration of 0.5% acted as a prooxidant, whereas at 1.0% it acted as an antioxidant. At 100 °C, AERB acted as an antioxidant irrespective of concentration. In 180 °C conditions, 0.5% AERB acted as a prooxidant, whereas other concentrations of AERB acted as antioxidants. In the case of riboflavin photosensitized O/W emulsions, AERB showed antioxidant properties irrespective of concentration. Antioxidant abilities of AERB are affected by the food matrix, including bulk oil and O/W emulsions, and concentrations of AERB, even though diverse phenolic compounds may display high antioxidant properties in in vitro assays.
Outcome in 212 anti‐Ro/SSA‐positive pregnancies and population‐based incidence of congenital heart block
Authors: Skog Amanda , Lagnefeldt Linda , Conner Peter , Wahren‐Herlenius Marie , Sonesson Sven‐Erik 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated the effects of maternal autoimmune disease and fetal congenital heart block (CHB) on pregnancy outcomes in anti‐Ro/SSA‐positive women and assessed the population‐based incidence of isolated CHB.Material and methodsOne hundred and ninety nine anti‐Ro/SSA‐positive pregnancies were prospectively followed at our center (2000–2013). Seven fetuses developed atrioventricular block (AVB) II–III. In this period, another 13 anti‐Ro/SSA‐positive pregnancies were referred for fetal bradycardia, subsequently diagnosed with AVB II–III. Cesarean section rates, gestational age, body measurements at birth, and the incidence of CHB in these 212 pregnancies were analyzed in relation to fetal atrioventricular conduction and maternal diagnosis and compared with data from the Medical Birth Registry on 352 104 pregnancies in the Stockholm County.ResultsThe prevalence of maternal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome and the outcomes at birth were similar in normal conduction and AVB I cases. Only 1/20 AVB II–III cases (0/7 in the surveillance group) had a mother diagnosed with SLE, compared with 73/192 in cases with normal conduction or AVB I. Excluding cases with AVB II–III, SLE mothers more frequently delivered by cesarean section (31% vs. 20%, p < 0.05) and had a higher incidence of preterm birth (13% vs. 5.8%, p < 0.05) than the county population. Both SLE and primary Sjögren's syndrome mothers had a fourfold greater rate of growth‐retarded babies (10.11% vs. 2.2%, p < 0.001). The incidence of autoantibody‐related AVB II–III in Stockholm County was 1/23 300.ConclusionThis study of CHB provides new information on the incidence of CHB and outcome of pregnancy in anti‐Ro/SSA‐positive women, which has clinical relevance when counseling rheumatic patients considering pregnancy.
Morphological features in eyes with endophthalmitis after cataract surgery – histopathology and optical coherence tomography assessment
Authors: Solborg Bjerrum Søren , Prause Jan Ulrik , Fuchs Josefine , la Cour Morten , Kiilgaard Jens F. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPurposeTo assess the ocular damage that occurs in eyes with postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery (PE) based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal scans of PE eyes and histological specimens of eyes removed due to PE.MethodsCase–control study and case series. Fifty‐one patients who had previously developed PE were clinically examined with OCT scans of the retina of both eyes. Histological specimens of 10 removed PE eyes were studied.ResultsThe OCT scans showed that PE eyes had a statistically significantly higher frequency of hyperdense elements on the internal limiting membrane (ILM) of the retina (14 eyes versus 3 eyes, p = 0.015) and a higher degree of retinal atrophy temporal to the fovea (13 eyes versus 1 eye, p = 0.013) compared to fellow eyes. The histopathological analyses showed the formation of epiretinal membranes, derangement of all retinal layers with a reduced number of nuclei in the nuclear layers, loss of photoreceptor outer segments and massive retinal gliosis.ConclusionsOptical coherence tomography scans of the retina and histopathology analyses provide insights in the pathological process occurring in PE.
Predictors of the time to attain full oral feeding in late preterm infants
Authors: Jackson Bianca N. , Kelly Bronwen Noreen , McCann Clare Maria , Purdy Suzanne Carolyn 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine the factors that predict the timing and age at which preterm infants (born 32–36 weeks gestation) commenced and attained full oral feeding.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of medical records of 647 preterm infants born 2005–2011. Infants were from six neonatal intensive care units in New Zealand, all World Health Organisation Baby‐friendly Hospital Initiative accredited.ResultsMedian time to the first oral feed offered was one day, and median time to the time of full oral feeding was 12 days. No infants attained full oral feeding before 33+3 weeks postmenstrual age. Gestational age, birthweight, medical conditions and location of the neonatal unit were significantly associated with the time taken to commence and attain full oral feeding.ConclusionThis study highlights the factors that are associated with the rate at which late preterm infants commence oral feeding and progress to full oral feeding. These findings offer important considerations not only for clinical practice but also discharge planning given the preference for preterm infants reaching full oral feeds before discharge from hospital. Prospective experimental research is required to confirm infant, maternal and environmental factors that influence feeding milestones in late preterm infants.
Multiple pathological fractures and delayed union associated with lead exposure in a German Shepherd Dog
Authors: Cole G , Weigel J , Headrick A , Adams W , Biskup J 
Published: September 2015

Case reportAn 8‐year‐old 40.8‐kg intact male German Shepherd Dog was evaluated for bilateral antebrachial fractures.Radiographs revealed osteopenia and comminuted proximal diaphyseal fractures of the left radius and ulna, and proximal articular fracture of the right ulna. A dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry scan confirmed decreased bone mineral density. Bone mineral analysis collected at the time of definitive surgical repair demonstrated high lead concentration. Analysis further demonstrated normal bone calcium and phosphorus concentrations. Serum lead concentration was normal.The left radial and ulnar fractures were surgically stabilised with an external fixator. The right ulnar fracture was splinted. The left antebrachial fractures were palpably unstable at 12 weeks after surgery. Moderate callus formation and incomplete bone union were present at 17 weeks postoperatively. The dog was re‐presented 15 months later for right metacarpal and left metatarsal fractures, which were managed conservatively. Complete bone union of the right radial and ulnar fractures was not present at that time.ConclusionExcessive lead accumulation in bone should be considered as a differential diagnosis for increased susceptibility to pathologic fracture and delayed fracture healing in dogs.
In vitro activity of chloramphenicol, florfenicol and enrofloxacin againstChlamydia pecorumisolated from koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)
Authors: Black LA , Higgins DP , Govendir M 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo determine the in vitro susceptibilities of koala isolates ofChlamydia pecorumto enrofloxacin and chloramphenicol, which are frequently used to treat koalas with chlamydiosis, and florfenicol, a derivative of chloramphenicol.MethodsThe in vitro susceptibilities were determined by culturing three stored isolates and seven clinical swabs ofC. pecorum.Susceptibility testing was undertaken using cycloheximide‐treated buffalo green monkey kidney cells in 96 well microtitre plates.ResultsThe minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for all isolates were 0.25–0.50 µg/mL (enrofloxacin), 1–2 µg/mL (chloramphenicol), and 1–2 µg/mL (florfenicol). Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values for five isolates were also determined and were within one two‐fold dilution of MICs. The MICs and MBCs of these antimicrobials were within ranges previously reported for other chlamydial species.ConclusionWhen combined with previously published pharmacokinetic data, the in vitro susceptibility results support chloramphenicol as a more appropriate treatment option than enrofloxacin for koalas with chlamydiosis. The susceptibility results also indicate florfenicol may be an appropriate treatment option for koalas with chlamydiosis, warranting further investigation.