bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2234 – Intergenerational Transmission Of Perceived Parental Rearing Styles: a Three Generation Families Study
Authors: Lopes F. , Espirito-Santo H. , Vicente H. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe transmission of perceived parental rearing styles through generations has been proved in several studies, mostly in studies with two generations samples.Objectives/aimsThe main aim of this study is to investigate the intergenerational transmission of the perception of parental rearing styles in families composed by three generations.MethodologyA convenience sample of 143 participants was collected, belonging to a female lineage subsystem, divided in three generations (G1/grandmother, n = 41, mean age = 74.8; SD = 6.26; G2/mother, n = 41; mean age = 42.4; SD = 5.61; G3/daughter, n = 41 mean age = 22.3; SD = 4.50). All the participants completed a questionnaire regarding sociodemographic, family and educational aspects, and the EMBU Inventory - My Memories of Upbringing.ResultsSpearman correlations revealed several significant associations on the EMBU Inventory dimensions between G1 and G2. The G1 experiences of Emotional Warmth, Overprotection and Rejection, regarding mother and father, are correlated with the G2 experiences concerning the same dimensions. No significant associations were found in the same dimensions of the instrument between G2 and G3.Discussion/conclusionThe results suggest the intergenerational transmission of the perception of parental rearing styles from G1 to G2, but not from G2 to G3. These findings provide partial support to the intergenerational transmission hypothesis, adding to the body of knowledge about the transmission of parenting styles across generations and the multigenerational family in which it occurs. Further studies are needed to elucidate the apparent absence of intergenerational transmission between G2 and G3.
2237 – Can Psychiatry Ever Be Completely Scientific?
Authors: Foss J.E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPsychiatry views humans through a spectrum of scientific specialties stretching from the “hard” natural sciences to the “soft” social sciences. But, since language is an inescapable aspect of human thought and behavior, and it is doubtful there could ever be a science of meaning, it is doubtful psychiatry can ever be completely scientific.ObjectivesTo determine the prospects for a science of meaning, and the prospects for a science of psychiatry if we remain unable to reduce meaning to a science.AimsTo consider the problem of determining what information people express or absorb via language.MethodsExamine the evidence types ideally accessible to a science of meaning from a logical point of view to see how much confirmation they could provide to hypotheses concerning the information content of linguistic behaviors.ResultsHypotheses about information content are not as strongly constrained by evidence as are hypotheses about physical properties. Physical properties are directly measurable, whereas information content cannot be measured, but only postulated in order to explain other behavior. Behavior, in turn, cannot be measured or detected except relative to the same explanatory system in which information content, or meaning, is embedded.ConclusionsThere is no absolute methodological barrier to a fully scientific psychiatry, but there are methodological problems a higher order of difficulty than in the hard sciences such as neurochemistry. Psychiatry will advance scientifically, while encountering methodological challenges with meaning that is expressive of values, desires, fears, goals, right and wrong.
2245 – Common Mental Disorders And Use Of Mental Health Services In The General Population In Greece
Authors: Grammatikopoulos I.A. , Skapinakis P. , Bellos S. , Koupidis S.A. , Theodorakis P. , Mavreas V. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionGeneral population surveys of the prevalence of common mental disorders are necessary for the organization of effective mental health services.ObjectivesEpidemiological studies are useful for the more objective assessment of the mental health needs of the population.AimsTo present data on the pattern and correlates of 12-month use of services by persons with common mental disorders from the recently completed general population survey of psychiatric morbidity in Greece.MethodsThe sample (n=4894; multistage stratified random sample) was representative for the Greek population aged 18-70. Common mental disorders were assessed according to the ICD-10 criteria with the revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CISR), conducted by trained lay interviewers.Results73,9% of participants with at least one common mental disorder (CMD) do not receive any treatment for their psychological health, 52% have never spoken to the family physician and 73.3% has not spoken to a mental health professional in the past year. The disorder associated with the most frequent use of general health services for any reason (>4 visits to any physician in the past year) was depression (43.7%). Overall, 46.5% of all participants who meet the criteria for a CMD had not spoken to a doctor or mental health professional, with men showing significantly higher rates of no use compared to women (54.6% vs 41.5%).ConclusionsThese findings can help in the better organization of services with the aim to improve prevention and treatment of common mental disorders in Greece, especially in a time of economic hardship.
2246 – Attribution Bias In Early-onset-schizophrenia: Relationship To Clinical Features
Authors: Le Gall E. , Iakimova G. , Askenazy F. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAttribution style bias, such as a greater tendency to perceive hostility, has been reported to be presented in multi-episode and chronic schizophrenia patients.Objectives and aimsThe aim of this study was to investigate whether adolescents with Early-Onset-Schizophrenia (EOS) exhibited a perceived hostility bias and whether this bias was correlated with adolescents' clinical characteristics (positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, self-esteem) and social competence (social behavior, communication, imagination).MethodsThirteen adolescents with EOS (mean age: 14.7) and 17 healthy adolescents (mean age: 14.2), matched on age and total IQ, completed the Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ) and several clinical measures of anxiety, depression, social competences and self-esteem. The AIHQ is a self-report questionnaire about negative outcomes that varied intentionality in different situations (i.e., ambiguous, intentional and accidental situations). The perceived hostility, composite blame and aggression bias scores were calculated.ResultsIn comparison with healthy adolescents, adolescents with EOS attributed more hostile intentions to persons in accidental situations (hostility bias); they also exhibited a higher level of negative emotions (blame bias) toward persons in accidental situations. Both, hostility bias and blame bias were associated with a higher level of anxiety and a lower selfesteem in EOS adolescents.ConclusionsThese results suggest that cognitive and emotional biased attribution style in EOS may constitute an important factor of vulnerability to social impairments in adolescents with EOS and suggest that these attributional biases should constitute the targets of early psychotherapeutic intervention with these patients.
2250 – Aging And The Neural Correlates Of Emotional Prosody Discrimintation
Authors: Demenescu L.R. , Mathiak K. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPhysiological aging was associated with emotion recognition deficit. Neuroimaging studies have showed that decoding of emotional prosody cues is linked to a frontotemporal network involving superior temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus. However, little is know about the relationship between affective prosodic processing and age-related change in the functional brain.AimThe present study aims to investigate the aging brain of early sensory processing of affective prosody.MethodsFifty-five healthy volunteers with an age-range between 18 and 75 years old underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging, with a mismatch paradigm, while they were presented with emotional prosodic stimuli. Thus, pseudowords spoken with positive and negative emotions were randomly presented among repeated non-emotional stimuli.ResultsThe results showed that automatically processing of changes in affective prosody involves bilateral superior temporal lobes. Furthermore, these brain areas were found to be influenced by the normal aging, i.e., advancing age is associated with reduced temporal lobe response.ConclusionTogether, these findings suggest the involvement of temporal lobe in detection of emotion in language; and that normal aging affects its functioning.
2254 – Analysis Of The Effect Of Memantine In Reducing Clinical Symptoms In Patients With Moderate To Severe Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Moruzzi E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAlzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which the patient experiences progressive loss of cognitive and functional abilities and concomitant behavioural disturbances. Memantine, a moderate affinity, uncompetitive N-methyl-d aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is approved for the treatment of moderate to sever Alzheimer disease.The NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors is involved en regulating synaptic plasticity and likely plays a role in learning and memory. The stimulation of this receptor can result in excessive intracellular calcium concentrations and might possibly contribute to both acute and chronic forms of neurodegeneration. Memantine has been shown to improve symptoms and reduce the rate of clinical deterioration among patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.MethodsA safety anlysis of Alzheimer’s disease patients from four randomized placebo controlled, double-blind memantine dementia studies included 50 and 50 memantine and placebo the aled patients. A vast majority of the patients received memantine 20 mg/day for a duration of at least 12 weeks, with most receving treatment for 28 weeks. Active and placebo groups were well matched demographically.ConclusionsOveral, memantine showed statistically significant benefits on global and statistically significant benefit on cognition. Memantine consistently benefited patients in all stages of Alzheimer's disease and was well-tolerated.
2257 – Family Interventions For The Severe Mentally Ill In Portugal: a Country-level Project Of Training And Implementation
Authors: Xavier M. , Cardoso A. , Carvalho Á. , Mateus P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPsychiatric deinstitutionalization has been frequently associated with an increase in family burden in most Western countries. Research shows that notwithstanding of evidence of its usefulness, family interventions for psychotic disorders are not routinely applied in most public mental health services. This applies especially to countries where family issues are not so well documented, such as Portugal. To address that issue, the Ministry of Health hurled a training program on family interventions for the severe mentally ill, ensuing the recommendations of the National Mental Health Plan.Objectivesa)to launch a family intervention training program on a national level, andb)to identify the obstacles to implementation in routine settings.MethodsProfessionals from public mental health services throughout Portugal attended a 3 days full-time course in which they were trained in the family intervention, consisting in guidelines presentation and discussion, demonstrative audios/videos and role-playing sessions.ResultsThe trainees' acquisition of competences was found rather encouraging. Perceived obstacles to the implementation of the family intervention in routine practice comprised work overload, the nuisance to integrate weekly family sessions with other professional tasks, and the stunted availability of time to run the intervention on a regular basis.ConclusionsArrangements need to be envisaged in order to overcome deal with barriers limiting the implementation of family interventions in routine settings. Amelioration have to focus on changing the organisation of the mental health facilities, like greater handiness of dedicated hours and career inducements for professionals working with the families of psychotic patients.
2259 – Translating Evidence Into Practice: Renewed Perspectives In Mental Health Services Organisation
Authors: Mateus P. , Carvalho Á. , Xavier M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe science of implementation consider the steps that influence the translation of evidence-based treatments into routine use. The implementation of a new Portuguese National Mental Health Plan started in 2007. In order to improved the way that services are delivered, an implementation process of a case-management (CM) was initiated by the National Programme for Mental Health.ObjectivesTo assess the results of a implementation programme considering the following dimensions:a)mental health services main characteristics,b)leadership profile,c)main obstacles to implementation,d)implementation fidelity.Methods40 public and private mental health services were included for evaluation. Implementation activities included a CM training programme. Implementation degree and main obstacles to implementation were rated by: Barriers and Facilitators Assessment Instrument (Peters, 2001) and Illness Management Fidelity Scale (Mueser, 2009).ResultsAssessment of services showed: liaison (50%), guidelines use (57%), single clinical records (50%), in service formal education plan (85%), research practice (21%). Regarding professionals profile, 70% used case management in practice, only 20% with formal training. Full implementation occurred in 36,3% of services, fair implementation in 45,4%, but still not enough implemented in 18,3%. Main barriers were lack of time (61%), lack of dedicated facilities (61%), low motivation (38%) and absence of financial incentives (38%).ConclusionsIn spite the efforts to implement evidence based practices in Portuguese mental health services, there are still several obstacles that difficult full implementation. Structured implementation programmes may constitute coadjutants to ameliorate the delivery of effective practices.
2262 – Community's Attitude Toward Cancer Diagnosis Disclosure
Authors: Eslami Shahrbabaki M. , Khalili N. , Mehdizadeh Zare Anari A. , Moshrafi A. , Bashardost N. , Yousefzadeh M. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectivesBad news is ''any news that adversely and seriously affects an individual's view of his or her future and it is usually perceived to be related to incurable diagnosis or diagnosis leading to death. The physicians should not uncover main information especially about the future or present patient's situation, Today more than ever patient's legal and ethical right to understand the reality of his disease is respected This study was carried out to probe Iran community's attitude toward breaking bad news.MethodThis was a cross-sectional study in which 200 patients' companions in various wards of Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman were included. Data were entered in the questionnaires designed to evaluate people's attitude toward giving bad news and its quality.Results93 percent preferred to get aware of diagnosis in a supposed cancer situation. The majority agreed with expressing treatment strategies, complications, cure probability and estimated survival. Most agreed that decision making should be based on physician priorities, with having patients' desire in mind.ConclusionIn terms of giving bad news, physicians ought to build up a more efficacious relationship with patients regarding their individual needs and requests.
2275 – Depression And Anxiety In Women With Breast Cancer At The First Oncology Consultation After Surgery
Authors: Grazioli L. , Martinelli V. , Dionigi F. , Grasso D. , Sgarella A. , Ferrari A. , Riboni G. , Politi P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere is evidence that women with breast cancer can develop anxiety and depression, ultimately affecting patients’ compliance and quality of life.ObjectivesPrevious studies investigated psychological distress in women with breast cancer at different stages of the disease. However, few data are available about Italian women in the early steps of their clinical history.AimsTo investigate psychological distress, anxiety and depressive symptoms in a sample of women with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved twenty-five women consecutively attending the oncology outpatient clinic for their first oncology evaluation after surgery. Anxious and depressive symptomatology was assessed through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Distress Thermometer (DT). Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were also collected. Correlations were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient.ResultsThe mean values (±SD) of the HADS Anxiety and Depression Subscales were 7.6 (±4.7) and 5.7 (±4.4) respectively. Five patients (24%) scored ≥10 at the HADS Anxiety subscale and 16% scored ≥10 at the HADS Depression subscale, suggesting the presence of clinically relevant symptomatology. DT mean score (±SD) was 5.36 (±3.5), with 48% of patients scoring ≥7, indicative of significant psychological distress. Multivariate analysis showed an inverse correlation between psychological distress severity and time after cancer diagnosis.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings show a prevalence of anxious and depressive symptoms in one out four women with breast cancer. Further prosecution of the study will help to identify women at risk for psychiatric comorbidities, suggesting the development of targeted interventions.
2279 – Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms And Anxiety As Attentional Bias Modulators In “control” Population
Authors: Nachon O. , Gindt M. , Garcia R. , Faure S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionInformation processing studies, such as attentional bias, help to distinguish anxious pathologies. If Vigilance and disengagement bias have been widely demonstrated in generalized anxiety and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), their existence has not been reported in non clinical sample with or without anxiety and/or PTSD symptoms.Objectives and aimsThe aim of the present study was to examine the possible presence of specific attentional bias in these populations and compare them with classical bias in PTSD patients.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-one students completed a visual search task with a lexical decision component, and anxiety and PTSD scales. We controlled attentional bias: vigilance / disengagement and words valence: neutral / general threat-related / trauma-related. Ten PTSD patients were assessed for PTSD with CAPS and completed the same protocol.ResultsAmong non clinical sample, four groups were distinguished: without symptom, anxious, PTSS (Post-Traumatic Stress Symptom) and, anxious and PTSS groups. Analysis of response time and error rate show different pattern of bias in each non clinical group. Considering the PTSS group response times were higher for trauma-related words, while for threat-related words, the anxious group was characterized by lower response times. Without symptom participants showed an attentional bias for negative information. Anxious and PTSS participants were characterized by a generalization of both biases.ConclusionsThese data reveal the existence of different types of information processing between these four non clinical groups. A putative role of anxious symptoms, in anxiety pathologies such as PTSD, on attentional bias is discussed.
2280 – Oestrogen Related Features And Gynaecological Service Use In Delusional Disorder
Authors: González-Rodríguez A. , Molina-Andreu O. , Imaz Gurrutxaga M.L. , Penadés Rubio R. , Bernardo Arroyo M. , Catalán Campos R. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionOestrogens may be a protective factor in psychosis. Women with schizophrenia have a later age of menarche, fewer pregnancies and earlier age of menopause. However, little information is available focusing on delusional disorder (DD).ObjectivesTo evaluate gynaecological variables and psychopathology in women with DD.AimTo investigate the relationship between age of menarche and onset, and psychopathology in DD.MethodsForty-five outpatients with DD (DSM-IV-TR) were recruited at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, from 2008 to 2012. Twenty-five females underwent a demographic and gynaecological questionnaire. HRSD-17 for depression, PANSS for psychopathology, PSP for functionality and C-SSRS for suicide were assessed. The sample was divided into two groups according to the age of menarche: 12 years or less and more than 12.ResultsMean age of menarche (SD) was 12.6(1.4) years, mean age of menopause 49.1(3.15), mean age at onset of DD was 49.9(12.58). 33.3% of the sample did not receive gynaecological service in the last 3 years. The group with the earliest age of menarche was older [67.33(11.67) vs.56(9.6); p=0.026], presented an earlier age of menopause [46.80(2.84) vs.50.71(2.29) p=0.018] and latest onset of DD (53.50(14.32) vs.47.44(11.5); p=NS], than those with later age of menarche. No differences were found regarding psychopathology, suicidal behaviour or functionality.ConclusionsAlthough a small sample size, this is the first study to specifically examine gynaecological variables in DD. A low compliance rate in gynaecological service use was found. An earlier age of menarche was associated to an earlier age of onset of DD.
2283 – Safety And Tolerability Of Aripiprazole Once-monthly Initiated In Adults With Schizophrenia Stabilized On Atypical Oral Antipsychotics Other Than Aripiprazole
Authors: Potkin S. , Raoufinia A. , Mallikaarjun S. , Bricmont P. , Peters-Strickland T. , Kasper W. , Jin N. , Baker R.A. , Eramo A. , Sanchez R. , McQuade R.D. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveEvaluate the safety and tolerability of aripiprazole once-monthly (ARI-OM) initiation in patients stabilized on oral antipsychotics other than aripiprazole. Previous pivotal Phase III trials have evaluated initiating ARI-OM in patients stabilized on oral aripiprazole1.MethodsEligible patients were treated with oral atypical antipsychotics other than aripiprazole with a history of oral aripiprazole tolerability. The study included a screening phase (30 days) and a treatment phase (28 days). Patients were stabilized per investigator's judgment for ≥14 days on risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, or ziprasidone, before administration of ARI-OM (400 mg). Current oral antipsychotic was co-administered with ARI-OM for 2 weeks to determine safety and tolerability of a single ARI-OM dose following treatment initiation. Safety assessments were adverse events (AEs); extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs) using standard objective rating scales; Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale; clinical laboratory measures; and weight changes.Results60 patients initiated ARI-OM, while continuing treatment for ≤2 weeks with oral risperidone (n=24), quetiapine (n=28), ziprasidone (n=5) or olanzapine (n=3). Treatment-emergent (TE) AEs (≥5%) were fatigue, injection-site pain, and restlessness (risperidone); insomnia, dystonia, injection-site pain, and toothache (quetiapine); and muscle spasm, tooth abscess, and toothache (ziprasidone). Prior olanzapine did not cause any AEs. Incidence of TE-EPSs were similar in all groups (< 5%). There were no unusual changes in objective EPS rating scales, suicidality, weight, laboratory values or fasting metabolic parameters across all groups.ConclusionsThe AE profile of patients receiving ARI-OM concomitant with oral atypical antipsychotics other than aripiprazole was consistent with prior reports1.