bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of surface integrity on short crack growth behavior in high-performing welded joints
Authors: Ono Yuki , Remes Heikki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of surface integrity and the localized fatigue phenomena on the initiation and propagation of short fatigue cracks in high-frequency mechanical impact (HFMI) -treated welded joints. The treated surface region, characterized by a compressive residual stress field, smooth notch geometry, and work hardening layer, improves welded joints' fatigue strength. However, how these surface conditions influence the fatigue damage process zone during short crack initiation, and growth is not yet well known. Therefore, this study systematically investigates the influence of different surface characteristics on fatigue life modeling of HFMI-treated welded joints made of high-strength steel. This is achieved using a microstructural sensitive strain-based crack growth approach and elastic-plastic finite element simulation, explicitly modeling treated surface conditions. The simulated fatigue life is first verified with experiments and then applied to various surface conditions. The simulation results show that most of the fatigue life is spent until a crack size of 0.1 to 0.2 mm. The compressive residual stress field greatly extends both short crack initiation and propagation life, with its degree of contribution highly dependent on loading history and residual stress relaxation. The role of the work hardening layer is mainly concentrated on improving fatigue life during short crack initiation and the very beginning of short crack growth.
Construction and Preclinical evaluation of BCL3-Degrading PROTACs for Enhanced Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhao Jing , Bi Bo , Li Yongshu , Zhou Shangbo , Wang Qiang , Chen Heng-Xing , Li Zihang , Duan Yunmin , Luo Yixuan , Xu Jiaqi , Qiu Miaojuan , Liu Peng , Wen Yingfei , Li Kuan , Li You , Yin Yuan , Dai Lei , Li Binbin , He Yulong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC), with high incidence and mortality rates, ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors. Molecular targeted therapies have shown impressive clinical outcomes for CRC therapy. However, the clinical success of targeted treatment of CRC is often limited by resistance. There is a pressing clinical demand for novel targeted therapeutics to enhance the prognosis of CRC patients. B-cell lymphoma 3 (BCL3), an integral constituent of the inhibitory NF-κB (IκB) family, has been reported to be frequently overexpressed in colorectal cancers and involved in the tumor etiology and progression. However, the BCL3 protein lacks “pocket” for covalent inhibitor binding, which prevented the relatively matured covalent inhibitor development. In this study, we have developed a small molecule agent (named PJ1799) targeting and degrading BCL3 via Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) strategy. PJ1799 has been designed to encourage efficient degradation of BCL3 in tumor cells via ubiquitin-proteasome system. As a result, BCL3 demonstrated considerable inhibitory potency for colorectal cancer cells through inactivating multiple key signaling pathways, including the PI3K-AKT and JNK/p38-MAPK pathways. To further enhance the tumor targeting of PJ1799 and address its pharmacological limitations, ligand modification and nanoformulation have been conducted through folic acid conjugate and albumin loading, respectively. The modified PJ1799 drugs possessed promising anti-tumor effects in subcutaneous and intraperitoneal tumor models in vivo without undesired side effects observed. In conclusion, we report here a novel BCL3 targeting PROTAC molecules that may provide potential therapeutic option for colorectal cancer. Besides, PJ1799 serves as a potential probe to explore biological functions of BCL3.
TransMamba:A language model combining Transformer and Mamba
Authors: Zhu Xiaocui , Ruan Qunsheng , Sai Qian , Zhang Miaohui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In recent years, State Space Models (SSMs) have achieved significant advancements in the field oflanguage modeling. With the advent of Mamba, these models have garnered even greater attention,surpassing Transformers in certain aspects. Despite Mamba’s unique advantages, Transformers remainindispensable due to their complex computational capabilities and proven effectiveness. This paperproposes a novel model that effectively combines the strengths of both Transformers and Mamba.Specifically, our model employs the Transformer’s encoder for encoding and utilizes Mamba as thedecoder for decoding. We introduce a feature fusion technique that integrates the features generated bythe encoder with the hidden states produced by the decoder. This approach effectively amalgamatesthe advantages of both Transformer and Mamba, resulting in enhanced performance. Extensiveexperiments on various language tasks demonstrate that our proposed model achieves competitiveresults, consistently outperforming existing benchmarks.
On the Computation of Accessibility Provided by Shared On-Demand Mobility
Authors: Diepolder Severin , Araldo Andrea , Chouaki Tarek , Maiti Santa , Hörl Sebastian , Antoniou Constantinos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Shared Mobility Services (SMS), e.g., demand-responsive transit or ride-sharing, can improve mobility in low-density areas, often poorly served by conventional Public Transport (PT). Such improvement is mostly quantified via basic performance indicators, like wait or travel time. However, accessibility indicators, measuring the ease of reaching surrounding opportunities (e.g., jobs, schools, shops, ...), would be a more comprehensive indicator. To date, no method exists to quantify the accessibility of SMS based on empirical measurements. Indeed, accessibility is generally computed on graph representations of PT networks, but SMS are dynamic and do not follow a predefined network. We propose a spatial-temporal statistical method that takes as input observed trips of a SMS acting as a feeder for PT and summarized such trips in a graph. On such a graph, we compute classic accessibility indicators. We apply our method to a MATSim simulation study concerning demand-responsive transport in Paris-Saclay.
Evaluating the Lateral Capacity of Flexible Pile Group Subjected to Lateral Load in Sloping Ground
Authors: V Sivapriya S , Gandhi Shailesh R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The lateral capacity of pile group found on a stable slope reduces as the foundation faces reduced passive resistance. An experimental 1g model and numerical study is carried in to evaluate the reduction in the lateral capacity of pile and pile group in slope. The parameters varied are shear strength (30, 50, 100 and 150 kPa) with a spacing of 3 and 4 times the pile diameter in a slope of 1V:2H, 1V:2.5H and 1V: 3H and various pile positions (at the crest, 1R and 2R, where R- stiffness factor) from the slope crest. When the steepness of the slope and the relative stiffness factor increase, the capacity reduces to a maximum of 42%. The bending moment is high for lower consistency and spacing and it is high for higher slope angle and larger stiffness factor. The depth of maximum bending moment increases when the pile moves along the slope. A non-dimensional chart is proposed to find the lateral bearing capacity of the pile group with the above-studied conditions for prescribed displacement.
Demoralization and related factors in patients with chronic kidney disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dong Li , Wu Yunlian , Chai Yong , Liu Lixia , Cheng Changxia , OuYang Mingqiu , Li Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate demoralization in patients with chronic kidney disease and identify associated factors.
Methods
Participants (N = 345) with chronic kidney disease in a tertiary hospital completed anonymous questionnaire surveys. Measures included the Demoralization Scale - Mandarin Version, the Spiritual Coping Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Resilience Scale-14. Data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 software, pearson correlation and linear regression analysis were used to explore factors associated with demoralization.
Results
Respondents returned 324 (93.9%) of the 345 questionnaires. The total DS -MV score was 24.55 ± 8.67. Associated factors of demoralization (R2 = 0.602, F = 68.394, p < 0.001) were the duration since CKD diagnosis, spiritual coping, sleep quality, and resilience.
Conclusions
The demoralization of patients with CKD should be considered by health care providers. In this cohort, high demoralization is associated with short time since CKD diagnosis, poor sleep quality, low spiritual coping, and low resilience. Interventions to enhance spiritual coping, increase resilience ,and improve sleep quality may promote mental health of patients.
Mineral Composition Of Four Wild Harvested Edible Insects Consumed By The Indonesian People With An Updated List Of Edible Insects In Indonesia
Authors: AYDOĞAN ZEYNEP , Taşer Ahmet , İncekara Ümit , PRASTİWİ Artina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The use of edible insects as food is gaining attention. This study evaluated the toxic elements and minerals composition for four dried edible insects: Phyllophaga helleri (Hope, 1837), Valanga nigricornis (Burmeister, 1838), Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer, 1773, Hyblaea puera (Cramer, 1777). Element content (As, Cd, Hg, Pb, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn and Se) in the selected edible insects were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This study also contributes to revising the current taxonomic list of edible insects consumed by Indonesians. Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca) and Zinc (Zn) concentrations were highest in Hyblaea puera (Cocoon). Iron (Fe) concentration was highest in Hyblaea puera (Adult). Copper (Cu) concentrations were highest in Valanga nigricornis. Selenium (Se) concentration was highest in Gryllus bimaculatus. The investigated insect species to be considered as a uniform source of Ca, K, Zn, Cu and Fe. These edible insects may be a source of mineral nutrition. Taxonomic analysis of edible insects from Indonesia was presented. A list of 133 edible insects was compiled and updated. Of the edible insects, Coleoptera accounting for about 21%, followed by Hymenoptera (19%), Orthoptera (18%), Hemiptera (10%), Lepidoptera (10%), Odonata (10%), Isoptera (6%), Mantodea (3%), and the least are Psocodea (1%) and Ephemeroptera (1%), Phasmatodea (1%).
Impact of K2SiO3 and Luminosity in the Nutrition and Growth of Genipa americana
Authors: Oliveira Marcos Aurélio , Santos Cleberton Correia , Jardim Rafaela Gomes , Ribeiro Leonardo Meotti , Dias José Ricardo Palácio Caldeira 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Considering the classification of Genipa americana L. in the ecological succession, excessive exposure to light can be stressful condition, and promotes changes on mineral metabolism and morphophysiology. Foliar application of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) has demonstrated to be a promising alternative for induced tolerance. We aimed to evaluate the effect of applying K2SiO3 on nutrition and growth of G. americana seedlings under two luminous ambiences. Four doses of K2SiO3 via foliar spray were tested: 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mL L–1, and cultivation under full sun or shade. Assessments of nutritional status, growth and quality of seedlings were carried at 45 and 90 days after 1st application of K2SiO3. We observed higher N content in seedlings under full sun at 45 days, and decreased with increased K2SiO3 doses in same ambience at 90 days, while P, K, Ca, and Mg were higher in shaded seedlings and with 10.0 mL L–1 K2SiO3 at 45 and 90 days. The order of nutritional requirements for most seedlings, regardless of cultivation conditions, was K > N > Ca, with inversion of Mg to P requirement with 10.0 mL L–1 K2SiO3. Shaded seedlings showed better growth characteristics at 45 and 90 days, but K2SiO3 contributed to photoassimilates accumulation under full sun. Foliar application 5.0 mL L–1 K2SiO3 contributed to greater stem diameter, leaf area, and Dickson quality index. Foliar application of K2SiO3 alleviated the stressful effects of full sun and favored the nutrition and quality of G. americana seedlings.
The effect of methacrylate ternary polymer on the low-temperature flowability of coal-based diesel
Authors: Wan Shun-li , Liu Jing-mei , Zhou Xiao-dong , Hu Qing-yun , Ma Chun-mei , Sun Peng-tao , Su Yong-guo , Ma Rui-tao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this study, tetradecyl methacrylate-maleic anhydride-benzylidene acetone (C14MC-MA-MCA) terpolymers were synthesized via free radical polymerization and evaluated as pour point depressants (PPDs) for coal-based diesel. The findings indicate that the C14MC-MA-MCA (3:1:1) terpolymer exhibited the most effective inhibition of the solid point (SP) at 1500 ppm concentration. Specifically, it reduced the SP of coal-based diesel from − 4 ℃ to -42 ℃, marking a significant decrease of 38 ℃. Furthermore, the crystallization behavior and SP reduction mechanism of C14MC-MA-MCA in coal-based diesel were investigated using viscosity analysis and polarized optical microscopy (POM).
Nucleotide sequence survey of perilla mosaic virus isolates in Japan unveils complex genetic structure and conserved RNA segments encoding homologous protein groups
Authors: Kubota Kenji , Chiaki Yuya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Perilla mosaic virus (PerMV) is a fimovirus that harbors ten RNA segments (RNAs 1, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, and 7). The presence of PerMV was first reported in Kochi, followed by Ibaraki, Aichi, and Oita prefectures in Japan, and most recently from South Korea. To understand the genetic diversity of these PerMV isolates, partial nucleotide sequences of RNAs 1 to 4 from 21 Japanese isolates were determined. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the segments of the isolates are divided into two clades: the Eastern clade (isolates in Ibaraki) and the Western clade (isolates in Kochi, Oita, and South Korea). Isolates in Aichi appeared to be reassortants of both; RNAs 1 and 3b belonged to the Eastern clade, while the others were of the Western clade. Isolates lacking RNA2, found in four prefectures, suggest RNA2 is not essential for plant infection. Near-complete nucleotide sequences from four isolates in Ibaraki, Aichi, and Oita were determined. They maintained ten RNA segments, including RNAs encoding proteins of P3s, P6s, and P7. This indicates that these proteins, encoded by an apparently redundant segment, are crucial for PerMV’s infection and transmission cycles.
Temperature dependent rotation of protonated methyl groups in otherwise deuterated proteins modulates DEER distance distributions
Authors: SCHMIDT THOMAS , Stadnytskyi Valentyn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Temperature-dependent DEER effects are observed as a function of methyl rotation by either leucine- or nitroxide-specific protonated methyl groups. Both species induce a site specific enhancement in the apparent Tm-relaxation of the paramagnetic nitroxide label. The presence of a single protonated methyl group in close proximity (4–10Å) to only one of the two nitroxide rotamer ensembles in protein A results in a selective and substantial decrease in Tm, manifested by differential decay of the peak intensities in the bimodal P(r) distance distribution as a function of the total dipolar evolution time, temperature or both. Temperature assisted Tm filtering will capture the DEER structural analysis of biomolecular systems heterogenic conformations, including complexes involving multimeric proteins.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol stratification reveals differential impact of TyG index on arterial stiffness: a secondary analysis from a Japanese cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Zuonian , Wang Zhiye , Zhang Lihua , Ni Mengyuan , Ding Wei , Fang Kai , Pan Xijin , Lu Zhaomin , Liu Junjun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study is to investigate the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and arterial stiffness, with a specific focus on examining how this relationship varies across distinct levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).
Methods
This investigation leverages data extracted from a Japanese cross-sectional study involving 912 adult participants. Arterial stiffness was identified via brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) exceeding 1400 cm/s. Participants were divided into low-LDL-C (n = 498) and high-LDL-C (n = 414) groups, with the former having LDL-C levels below and the latter at or above the standard of 130mg/dL. Logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between TyG and arterial stiffness, incorporating covariates selected by backward stepwise regression analysis to adjust for confounding. Interaction tests examined the synergistic interplay of TyG with LDL-C levels in an arterial stiffness context.
Results
High-LDL-C participants exhibited significantly higher TyG values, baPWV measurements, and prevalence of arterial stiffness compared to their low-LDL-C counterparts (all P < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression initially suggested a positive correlation between TyG and arterial stiffness in both low- and high-LDL-C groups (all P < 0.05). Post-adjustment in the multivariate model, however, this correlation was sustained significantly only within individuals with low LDL-C (OR = 2.142, 95% CI: 1.03–4.46, P = 0.042), losing significance in the high-LDL-C counterparts. The interaction test confirms a synergistic effect between TyG index and LDL-C levels on arterial stiffness (P for interaction = 0.01).
Conclusion
Our research accentuates the pivotal role of concurrently assessing LDL-C and TyG in estimating arterial stiffness, shedding light on TyG's elevated predictive efficacy, especially in subjects exhibiting low LDL-C concentrations. These insights enhance our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying arterial stiffness and offer a scientific basis for tailored preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions.
Capacity Building for Evidence-Based Practice in the Health Sector: Results from Training Needs Assessment for an Implementation Science Program in Tanzania
Authors: Kacholi Godfrey , Mushi Lawrencia , Welty Susie , Packel Laura , Mchome Agness , Amani Paul , Said Christen , Mollel Henry , McCoy Sandra I , Swai Idda Lyatonga , Anasel Mackfallen , Liu Jenny 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: The gap between evidence-based interventions and real-world healthcare practices remains a public health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings like Tanzania. Building the capacity of health professionals in implementation science is crucial to bridging such gaps. This study aimed to identify training needs for healthcare professionals in implementation science to inform the development of a training program in Tanzania.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional mixed-methods study to establish health professional skill gaps in implementation science. The study used a mix of purposive and convenience sampling to recruit 148 participants. A combination of self-administered questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data.
Results: The findings confirmed the need for an implementation science training program for healthcare professionals in Tanzania. A blended mode of delivery (online modules and workshops) with flexible durations to cater to busy professionals was proposed. Three exit qualification levels (master's, diploma, certificate) were proposed to target participants at different stages of their education and careers. In addition to the three exit levels, a short course training was also proposed.
Conclusions: Knowledge and skills in implementation science among health professionals are highly needed to fill the existing individual gaps and health system demands. The results of this TNA will be instrumental in designing an evidence-based and reflective implementation science training program that is context-specific and relevant. The engagement of key stakeholders in the design and development process was critical for the ownership, effective implementation, and sustainability of the implementation science program.
Effectiveness of Psycho-social Nursing Intervention on Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Well-being of Adolescent Childrens of Substance Abusive Parents
Authors: parwanda Geeta , shankar Archana , bhardwaj priya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: According to WHO that children of parents with an SUD were found to be of lower socioeconomic status and had more difficulties in academic, social, and family functioning when compared with children of parents who do not have an SUD. These children are also more likely to have higher rates of mental and behavioral disorders.1 Children who are exposed to a parent with SUDs are more likely to develop SUD symptoms themselves.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To assess the emotional intelligence and psychological well-being of adolescent childrens of substance abusive parents in experimental and control group.
2. To assess the effect of psycho-social nursing intervention on emotional intelligence and psychological well-being of adolescents childrens of substance abusive parents in experimental group.
3. To compare the post test score of effectiveness of psycho-social nursing intervention on level of emotional intelligence in experimental and control group.
4. To find out the association between post test score on level of emotional intelligence and psychological well-being of adolescent childrens with their selected demographic variables in experimental group.
METHOD: A quasi experimental study was done on 60 adolescent childrens of substance abusive parents, 30 in both experimental and control group selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by using Structured questionnaire of psychosocial nursing intervention on emotional intelligence and psychological well-being Structured questionnaire on emotional intelligence and psychological well-being pre-test and post-test was taken from both experimental and control group, video assisted teaching was given only in experimental group.
RESULT: Finding revealed that by administered psycho-social nursing intervention to experimental group improve the emotional intelligence and psychological well-being confirmed by unpaired “t” test (t=8.83 and P=<0.001%).
CONCLUSION: The study concluded that the video assisted teaching was effective to improve the knowledge regarding emotional intelligence and psychological well-being of adolescent childrens of substance abusive parents in selected community area at Meerut.
Intra-seasonal Variability and Physical Characteristics of Break and Active Phases in the Mainland Indochina Southwest Monsoon
Authors: OO KYAW THAN , Jonah Kazora 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The term ``break`` is traditionally applied only to dry spells occurring after the monsoon onset in the region. Simply put, the daily rainfall of the monsoon is paused over the region, for a few days, called a “break spell.” The researchers have suggested that the standardized anomalies of three consecutive days of rainfall should prevail to categorize the active and break spells. This study examined break spells and active spells on the inter-annual, intra-seasonal, and decadal scales by examining the frequency and spatial distribution of daily rainfall occurrences of different intensities linked to break and active events over the mainland Indochina region. The difference in the vertical meridional circulation between the active spells with moist convection and intense break events with heat through circulation was explained by various atmospheric parameters. La Niña encourages more break days than active days, and the distinction in vertical meridional circulation between intense break events with a heat trough type circulation and active spells with moist convection is crucial for developing suitable prediction tools.