bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of nivolumab monotherapy in patients with unresectable clear cell sarcoma and alveolar soft part sarcoma (OSCAR Trial/NCCH1510)
Authors: Nishikawa Tadaaki , Kakunaga Shigeki , Tamura Kenji , Ando Masashi , Ozaki Toshifumi , Kawai Akira , Ueda Takafumi , Kawasaki Mamiko , Tomatsuri Sawako , Okamura Nobuko , Kamikura Masahisa , Hamada Akinobu , Yoshida Akihiko , Hirakawa Akihiro , Shibata Taro , Nakamura Kenichi , Yonemori Kan 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundClear cell sarcoma (CCS) and alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) are rare, and standard systemic therapy is not established except for sunitinib in ASPS. It is known that CCS and ASPS have a common biological feature of melanoma and Xp11.2/TFE3 translocation renal cell carcinoma, and immune‐checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective in these tumors. The authors conducted a phase 2 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nivolumab for CCS and ASPS.MethodsThe number of patients expected to be enrolled was 15–25 and was determined based on the Bayesian design. The primary end point was the confirmed objective response rate (ORR) according to the central review and the secondary end points included ORR, progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.ResultsA total of 26 patients (CCS, 12; ASPS, 14) were enrolled. Efficacy and safety were analyzed on 25 and 26 patients, respectively. The minimum number of responses required for a positive conclusion regarding the efficacy was four. However, only one patient (4.0%) with ASPS had a partial response. Complete response, stable disease, progression disease, and not evaluable were 0%, 60%, 32%, and 4.0%, respectively. Adverse events of grade 3 or 4 occurred in 57.7% (15 of 26). The median PFS was 4.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7–8.6 months) and the median OS was 15.8 months (95% CI, 8.2–not reached).ConclusionsThe primary end point of the ORR was not met for CCS and ASPS on the central review. Further studies are needed to evaluate ICIs in patients with ASPS.
Insights into Mechanisms of Reverse Water Gas Shift Activity Enhancement over Reverse Microemulsion‐Synthesized CuCeO2
Authors: Kandasamy Kishore , Yu Yue , Waqas Iqbal Muhammad , Ricardez‐Sandoval Luis , Yu Aiping , Simakov David S. A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCopper‐doped ceria (CuCeO2) catalysts with 0–26.5 Cu/(Cu+Ce) at% were synthesized via the reverse microemulsion method. X‐ray diffraction analysis of freshly synthesized and spent (post‐reaction) catalysts showed no separate phase of copper or copper oxide, indicating that Cu was incorporated into the CeO2 lattice, replacing Ce. Temperature programmed desorption experiments showed that the activation energy of CO2 desorption increased for higher Cu loadings, indicating stronger CO2 adsorption. This phenomenon was attributed to enhanced formation of oxygen vacancies due to Cu doping. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy further confirmed the enhanced generation of oxygen vacancies due to Cu incorporation. Catalytic performance evaluation with the H2/CO2 feed in the 300–600 °C range showed that all catalysts were 100 % selective to CO generation, with higher Cu loadings resulting in CO2 conversion close to equilibrium values at 500–600 °C. The activation energy of the reaction, determined through reaction tests, exhibited inverse relationship with the activation energy of CO2 desorption. The relationship between these two energy barriers is explored, providing valuable insights into the mechanism of RWGS activity enhancement.
Tri‐Anion Solvation Structure Electrolyte Improves the Electrochemical Performance of Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Batteries
Authors: Sun Miaolan , Xie Yuxiang , Huang Huayu , Huang Yixin , Chen Hui , Liu Shishi , Dai Peng , Huang Rui , Huang Ling , Sun Shigang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLi||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 batteries, which consist of lithium metal anode (LMA) matched with NCM811 cathode, have an energy density more than twice that of lithium ion battery (LIB). However, the unstable electrode/electrolyte interface still hinders its practical application. Ether electrolytes show promise in improving the stability of LMA and NCM811 cathodes. However, a robust and stable electrode/electrolyte interface in Li||NCM811 batteries cannot be easily and efficiently achieved with most of the ether electrolytes reported in present studies. Herein, we present a straightforward and efficient tri‐anion synergistic strategy to overcome this bottleneck. The addition of ClO4− and NO3− anions to LiFSI‐based ether electrolytes forms a unique solvation structure with tri‐anion (FSI−/ClO4−/NO3−) participation (LB511). This structure not only enhances the electrochemical window of the ether electrolytes but also achieves a stable Li||NCM811 batteries interface. The interaction between electrode and electrolyte is suppressed and an inorganic‐rich (LiF/Li3N/LiCl) SEI/CEI layer is formed. Meanwhile, the coordination structure in the LB511 electrolyte increases the overpotential for Li deposition, resulting in a uniform and dense layer of Li deposition. Therefore, the Li||Cu cells using the LB511 electrolyte have an average CE of 99.6 %. The Li||NCM811 batteries was cycled stably for 250 cycles with a capacity retention of 81 % in the LB511 electrolyte (N/P=2.5, 0.5 C).
Left ventricular volume and maximal functional capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Size matters
Authors: de la Espriella Rafael , Palau Patricia , Losito Maurizio , Crisci Giulia , Miñana Gema , Domínguez Eloy , Bertomeu‐González Vicente , Bodí Vicent , Sanchis Juan , Bayés‐Genís Antoni , Wahlberg Kramer J. , Meyer Markus , Guazzi Marco , Núñez Julio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsEmerging evidence suggests that smaller left ventricular volumes may identify subjects with lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Whether left ventricular size predicts functional capacity in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between indexed left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (iLVEDV) and maximal functional capacity, assessed by peak oxygen consumption (peakVO2), in stable outpatients with HFpEF.Methods and resultsWe prospectively analysed data from 133 consecutive stable outpatients who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing and echocardiography on the same day. Data were validated in a cohort of HFpEF patients from San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy. A multivariable linear regression assessed the association between iLVEDV and peakVO2. The mean age was 73.2 ± 10.5 years, and 75 (56.4%) were women. The median iLVEDV, indexed left ventricular end‐systolic volume, and left ventricular ejection fraction were 46 ml/m2 (30–56), 15 ml/m2 (11–19), and 66% (60–74%), respectively. The median peakVO2 and percentage of predicted peakVO2 were 11 ml/kg/min (9–13) and 64.1% (53–74.4), respectively. Adjusted linear regression analysis showed that smaller iLVEDV was associated with lower peakVO2 (p = 0.0001). In the validation cohort, adjusted linear regression analysis showed a consistent pattern: a smaller iLVEDV was associated with a higher likelihood of reduced peakVO2 (p = 0.004).ConclusionsIn stable outpatients with HFpEF, a smaller iLVEDV was associated with a lower maximal functional capacity. These findings suggest a need for further studies to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these observations and to explore targeted treatment strategies for this patient subgroup.
Algal pigments: Therapeutic potential and food applications
Authors: Saddiqa Ayesha , Faisal Zargham , Akram Noor , Afzaal Muhammad , Saeed Farhan , Ahmed Aftab , Almudaihim Abeer , Touqeer Muhammad , Ahmed Faiyaz , Asghar Aasma , Saeed Mubarra , Hailu Gebremichael Gebremedhin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlgae‐derived natural compounds have shown significant potential in treating various health conditions, including cancer, obesity, diabetes, and inflammation. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the development of precise drug delivery systems and diagnostic tools utilizing these compounds. Central to this innovation are the vibrant pigments found in algae chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobiliproteins which not only impart color but also possess notable nutritional, medicinal, and antioxidant properties. These pigments are extensively used in supplements and the food industry for their health benefits. Emerging research highlights the role of algal pigments in promoting gut health by modulating gut microbiota. This review comprehensively examines the therapeutic benefits of algae, recent progress in algal‐derived nanoparticle technology, and the synergistic effects of algae and their pigments on gut health. Novel insights and recent data underscore the transformative potential of algal compounds in modern medicine and nutrition.
Investigating hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count in preeclampsia: A case‐control study in Ghana
Authors: Akilla Martin Awe , Nchor Awinibuno Ignatius Abowini , Banyeh Moses , Mayeem Benjamin N. , Kwofie Gabriel Sakyi , Adoko Stephen , Nukpezah Ruth Nimota , Kolekang Augusta S. , Dagungong Clement Binwatin , Amidu Nafiu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsPreeclampsia poses a heightened risk for women, particularly in the development of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome, leading to adverse outcomes for both mothers and newborns. The incidence of HELLP syndrome tends to be notably higher among women with preeclampsia compared with those with normotensive pregnancies. However, there is a dearth of research on the frequency of HELLP syndrome within the context of preeclampsia specifically in Ghana. Furthermore, the potential predictive value of serum erythrocyte adenylate kinase (EAK), a marker of hemolysis, in anticipating the onset of preeclampsia remains largely unexplored.MethodsConducted between May 2020 and April 2022, this research employed a case‐control methodology at the War Memorial and Upper East Regional Hospitals. A total of 291 pregnant women participated, comprising 111 diagnosed with preeclampsia and 180 control subjects, aged between 18 and 43 years. Venous blood samples were collected and subjected to analysis for platelet count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and EAK, utilizing automated analyzers, alongside the ELISA technique. Diagnosis of HELLP syndrome was established using the Mississippi triple‐class definition.ResultsThe median serum ALT level (with interquartile range) was significantly elevated in the preeclampsia group compared with controls [20.0 (13.7–27.0) vs. 13.0 (9.4–18.6); p < 0.001]. Moreover, the frequency of Mississippi class 3 HELLP syndrome was notably higher among preeclampsia cases (2/111; 1.8%) compared with controls (1/180; 0.6%). Serum ALT emerged as the superior predictor of preeclampsia, outperforming LDH (with an area under the curve of 0.73 compared with 0.58). The sensitivity and specificity of ALT were measured at 47.8% and 87.2%, respectively.ConclusionAlthough the occurrence of HELLP syndrome in preeclampsia cases appears relatively low, it may escalate as the prevalence of preeclampsia is anticipated to rise in low and middle‐income nations.
Expression patterns of immune checkpoint proteins and Plasmodium falciparum‐induced cytokines in chronic hepatitis B virus‐infected and uninfected individuals: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Segbefia Selorm P. , Asandem Diana A. , Pobee Abigail , Asare Bright , Prah Ahu Diana , Baba‐Adam Rawdat , Amponsah Jones Amo , Kyei‐Baafour Eric , van der Puije William , Osei Frank , Teye‐Adjei Doreen , Agyemang Seth , Brenko Theophilus , Bentum‐Ennin Lutterodt , Tetteh John K. A. , Bonney Kofi J. H. , Sakyi Samuel Asamoah , Amoah Linda E. , Kusi Kwadwo A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimChronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection remains a major public health problem. The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) 2018 Hepatitis B Guidelines provide that CHB individuals not requiring antiviral therapy yet are monitored to determine the need for antiviral therapy in the future; however, these tests do not include measurement of cytokines and immune cell characterization. This case‐control study compared the cytokine and immune checkpoint protein expression profiles between CHB individuals not yet on antiviral treatment and hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐negative individuals.MethodsCD4 and CD8 T cells from CHB and HBV‐negative individuals were characterized for immune checkpoint proteins programmed cell death‐1 (PD1), T cell Immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain‐containing protein 3 (TIM‐3), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen 4 (CTLA‐4) (CD152), and a memory marker CXCR3 (CD183) using flow cytometry. Malaria‐induced cytokine expression levels were determined by stimulating their blood cells with Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain antigens (CSP, AMA‐1, and TRAP) in whole blood assays, and cytokine levels were measured using a 13‐plex Luminex kit.ResultsHBV‐negative and CHB individuals had comparable levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. However, a proportion of the CD4+ and CD8+ populations from both groups, which were CXCR3+, expressed PD‐1 and CD152. The ability to produce cytokines in response to malaria antigen stimulation was not significantly different between the groups.ConclusionThese findings support excluding CHB individuals from antiviral therapy at this stage of infection. However, CHB individuals require regular monitoring to determine the need for later antiviral treatment.
Stream chemical response is mediated by hydrologic connectivity and fire severity in a Pacific Northwest forest
Authors: Bush Sidney A. , Johnson Sherri L. , Bladon Kevin D. , Sullivan Pamela L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLarge‐scale wildfires are becoming increasingly common in the wet forests of the Pacific Northwest (USA), with predicted increases in fire prevalence under future climate scenarios. Wildfires can alter streamflow response to precipitation and mobilize water quality constituents, which pose a risk to aquatic ecosystems and downstream drinking water treatment. Research often focuses on the impacts of high‐severity wildfires, with stream biogeochemical responses to low‐ and mixed‐severity fires often understudied, particularly during seasonal shifts in hydrologic connectivity between hillslopes and streams. We studied the impacts of the 2020 Holiday Farm Fire at the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest where rare pre‐fire stream discharge and chemistry data allowed us to evaluate the influence of mixed‐severity fire on stream water quantity and quality. Our research design focused on two well‐studied watersheds with low and low‐moderate burn severity where we examined long‐term data (pre‐ and post‐fire), and instantaneous grab samples collected during four rain events occurring immediately following wildfire and a prolonged dry summer. We analysed the impact of these rain events, which represent the transition from low‐to‐high hydrologic connectivity of the subsurface to the stream, on stream discharge and chemistry behaviour. Long‐term data revealed total annual flows and mean flows remained fairly consistent post‐fire, while small increases in baseflow were observed in the low‐moderately burned watershed. Stream water concentrations of nitrate, phosphate and sulfate significantly increased following fire, with variance in concentration increasing with fire severity. Our end member mixing models suggested that during rain events, the watershed with low‐moderate severity fire had greater streamflow inputs from soil water and groundwater during times of low connectivity compared to the watershed with low severity fire. Finally, differences in fire severity impacts on concentration‐discharge relationships of biogenic solutes were most expressed under low catchment connectivity conditions. Our study provides insights into post‐wildfire impacts to stream water quality, with the goal of informing future research on stream chemistry responses to low, moderate and mixed severity wildfire.
Incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries according to the type of forceps used in the Mexican population
Authors: Zapata‐Caballero Carlos Agustín , Rivera‐Medina Ernesto Rodolfo , Cevallos‐Bustillos Jaime Ignacio , Granados‐Martínez Verónica , Gorbea‐Chávez Viridiana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study describes the frequency of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) in patients after instrumental delivery according to the type of forceps used.MethodsA retrospective comparative cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent instrumental delivery from January 2017 to April 2022. The primary outcome was the presence of OASIS following delivery. Patients were categorized into Cohort A if only rotation forceps were used, Cohort B for only traction forceps, and Cohort C if both types were used sequentially. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS (IBM, New York, NY) with χ2, Fisher's exact, and analysis of variance testing. A P‐value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsOASIS occurred in 45 of 328 instrumental deliveries. OASIS after rotation forceps occurred in 12.9% (n = 8) of cases, after traction forceps in 13.2% (n = 34), and after sequential use of rotation and traction forceps in 37.5% (n = 3) of cases (p = 0.141). An odds ratio (OR) of 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40–2.08) for OASIS was obtained with the use of rotation forceps, 0.81 (95% CI 0.38–1.70) for traction forceps, and 3.97 (95% CI 0.91–17.2) for the sequential use of rotation and traction forceps.ConclusionThere were no significant differences in the presence of OASIS comparing traction and rotation forceps. A non‐significant trend of higher OASIS following the sequential use of traction and rotation forceps was observed.
Cover Image
Authors: Wen Xinyang , Liu Zhuoxuan , Chu Yanbo , Le Min , Li Liang 
Published: July 2024

The cover image is based on the Article MRCM‐UCTransNet: Automatic and Accurate 3D Tooth Segmentation Network From Cone‐Beam CT Images by Xinyang Wen et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.23139
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Palm as Decentralized Identifiers: Mitigate scrounging of platform economy
Authors: Wang Hanmo , Wang Shuqi , Zhang Dong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates a novel challenge within the digital economy: scrounging, which entails the exploitation of false identities to capitalize on benefits offered by digital platforms, such as sales promotions and new user incentives. As a form of fraud, scrounging can substantially affect platform efficiency and has emerged as a critical issue in the contemporary digital economy and Web 3.0 sector. This underscores the necessity to model scrounging behavior and implement strategies to mitigate it. In this study, we develop a model that characterizes scrounging behavior in digital platform promotions and provides a theoretical explanation. We also introduce Palm as Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs), offering Proof‐of‐Human (PoH) to reduce fake identity prevalence. Unlike traditional blockchain technology, Palm as Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) utilizes the Human Chain approach, ensuring equitable treatment of all users within the system. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system in mitigating scrounging and explore its prospective applications in tackling real‐world challenges in the digital and Web 3.0 economies.
Do P2P borrowers improve the quality of information disclosure? An analysis with text mining on loan descriptions
Authors: Chen Yuan , Feng Ji , Li Xun , Yu Shijie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMost of peer‐to‐peer (P2P) online borrowers are small business managers. The learning behavior of borrowers in the P2P market is rarely studied. The aim of this paper is to identify the existence of borrowers' learning behavior in the P2P market using a large sample from renrendai.com, which is one of the largest P2P lending platforms in China. The loan description written by the borrower is an important way to disclose the borrower's information. We analyze changes in loan descriptions in multiple borrowings with text mining techniques and investigate whether a borrower has a learning behavior in writing loan descriptions. Empirical results show that after accumulating enough experience, borrowers can optimize the loan description to make it easier to obtain loans at lower interest rates.
An amalgamated correlation and regression based feature selection with ensemble learning approach for IoT network attack detection
Authors: Ahmad Mir Shahnawaz , Shah Shahid Mehraj 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe advancements in the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), where ordinary things (e.g. smart meters, sensors etc.) can be connected and controlled over the internet. However, an IoT network is vulnerable to many malicious network attacks due to its inherent properties like limited computational abilities, heterogeneity, massive connectivity, etc. This paper presents a feature selection technique, which uses an amalgamation of LASSO regression and correlation based techniques, to find appropriate features for IoT network attack detection. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism was evaluated on benchmark IoT network datasets using different machine learning techniques. The results revealed that the Gradient Boosting ensemble learning model achieved a maximum attack detection accuracy of 99.98%, and outperformed the other studied models.
Aberrant right subclavian artery in the absence of other prenatal ultrasound findings: Should we still be concerned?
Authors: Odacılar Ali Şahap , Ayhan Işıl , Karaman Ali , Demirci Oya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the value of prenatal diagnostic genetic testing in cases with isolated aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA).MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study, conducted between January 2015–January 2022 in a fetal medicine center. Women who had an ultrasound scan and diagnosed with fetal ARSA were included. Ultrasonographic characteristics, genetic, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes were collected and analyzed.ResultsA total of 240 fetuses with ARSA were identified and included to the analysis. Eighty‐two of the group had isolated ARSA (34.2%, 82/240), 57 had additional soft markers (23.8%, 57/240) and 101 had additional major ultrasonographic abnormalities (42.1%, 101/240). Genetic results were available in 196 cases (81.7%, 196/240). Seventy‐four of isolated ARSA cases underwent genetic testing (90.2%, 74/82). A chromosomal abnormality was present in 60 cases; 54 (22.5%, 54/240) aneuploidies and 6 (2.5%, 6/240) copy number variants. Five (6.1%) of the isolated ARSA cases had chromosomal abnormalities. All of these five cases had prenatal genetic testing due to high‐risk aneuploidy screening fetuses who had ARSA with at least one additional anomaly had the highest chromosomal abnormality rate (38.6%, 39/101). Seventy‐seven of isolated ARSA cases were liveborn (93.9%, 77/82).ConclusionOur results supports the evidence from the literature that isolated ARSA confers a very low‐risk for aneuploidy, if the aneuploidy screening tests are low‐risk. Also, chromosomal microarray analysis did not yield any extra information in isolated ARSA.