bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why aquaculture needs immunology
Authors: Wiegertjes Geert F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHealth of farmed fish and shellfish deserves a top priority. To help prevent and fight the global disease crisis in aquaculture, it is high time to further explore immunology. And high time for immunologists specialized in aquaculture to start taking aquaculture more seriously. As a first step forward, find here some challenges and many opportunities.
A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study of mutual relations of six types of diets in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Wu Wenfeng , Zhang Zexin , Liu Qin , Dong Jindian , Li Hongyi , Yan Fenggen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the continuous endeavor to find safe and efficient treatments for Atopic Dermatitis (AD), there remains a considerable focus on dietary adjustments. Nevertheless, the limited availability of research and conflicting findings in the academic literature pose a hurdle in establishing conclusive recommendations.MethodMendelian randomization (MR) was applied to the most comprehensive genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) data on tea intake (447 485), green tea intake (n = 64 949), flavored milk intake (n = 64 941), never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: Wheat products(n = 461 046), never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: Sugar or foods/drinks containing sugar (n = 461 046), never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: I eat all of the above (n = 461 046) and atopic dermatitis (n = 218 467). We used the inverse‐variance weighted method (IVW) as the primary method.ResultsThe IVW analyses have demonstrated an increased tea intake was genetically associated with a reduced risk of AD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.646, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.430–0.968, p = 0.034). Furthermore, green tea intake was significantly negatively associated with AD (IVW OR: 0.986, 95% CI: 0.975–0.998; p = 0.024) in the IVW model. AD risk could be reduced by never eating wheat products (IVW OR: 8.243E‐04, 95% CI: 7.223E‐06–9.408E‐02, p = 0.003). There was no association between never eating eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: Sugar, or foods/drinks containing sugar, I eat all of the above and AD.ConclusionsOur MR study suggests a causal relationship between tea intake, green tea intake, and the avoidance of eating wheat products with atopic dermatitis. Our findings recommend that preventing and managing atopic dermatitis may be achieved by never eating wheat products while increasing tea and green tea intake.
A novel flavobacterial phage abundant during green tide, representing a new viral family,
Zblingviridae
Authors: Guo Xiaoyue , Zhang Xinran , Shao Hongbing , McMinn Andrew , Liang Yantao , Wang Min 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Flavobacteriia are the dominant and active bacteria during algal blooms and play an important role in polysaccharide degradation. However, little is known about phages infecting
Flavobacteriia
, especially during green tide. In this study, a novel virus, vB_TgeS_JQ, infecting Flavobacteriia was isolated from the surface water of the Golden Beach of Qingdao, China. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that vB_TgeS_JQ had the morphology of siphovirus. The experiments showed that it was stable from −20°C to 45°C and pH 5 to pH 8, with latent and burst periods both lasting for 20 min. Genomic analysis showed that the phage vB_TgeS_JQ contained a 40,712-bp dsDNA genome with a GC content of 30.70%, encoding 74 open-reading frames. Four putative auxiliary metabolic genes were identified, encoding electron transfer-flavoprotein dehydrogenase, calcineurin-like phosphoesterase, phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphohydrolase, and TOPRIM nucleotidyl hydrolase. The abundance of phage vB_TgeS_JQ was higher during
Ulva prolifera
(
U. prolifera
) blooms compared with other marine environments. The phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses revealed that vB_TgeS_JQ exhibited significant differences from all other phage isolates in the databases and therefore was classified as an undiscovered viral family, named
Zblingviridae
. In summary, this study expands the knowledge about the genomic, phylogenetic diversity and distribution of flavobacterial phages (flavophages), especially their roles during
U. prolifera
blooms.

IMPORTANCE

The phage vB_TgeS_JQ was the first flavobacterial phage isolated during green tide, representing a new family in
Caudoviricetes
and named
Zblingviridae
. The abundance of phage vB_TgeS_JQ was higher during the
Ulva prolifera
blooms. This study provides insights into the genomic, phylogenetic diversity, and distribution of flavophages, especially their roles during
U. prolifera
blooms.
Complete genome sequence of the type strain of
Mycobacterium montefiorense
, strain ATCC BAA-256
Authors: Komine Takeshi , Yoshida Mitsunori , Sato Mitsuhiko P. , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Hoshino Yoshihiko , Wada Shinpei , Fukano Hanako 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium montefiorense
, a nontuberculous mycobacterium, is a causative agent of mycobacteriosis in aquatic animals, its type strain
M. montefiorense
ATCC BAA-256 being isolated from a moray eel. In this study, we report the complete ATCC BAA-256 genome sequence with a 5,693,452-bp-containing circular chromosome, 65.2% GC content, and 5,407 coding sequences.
Endosymbiont-derived metabolites are essential for tick host reproductive fitness
Authors: Cibichakravarthy Balasubramanian , Shaked Neta , Kapri Einat , Gottlieb Yuval 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Ticks, like other obligatory blood-feeding arthropods, rely on endosymbiotic bacteria to supplement their diet with B vitamins lacking in blood. It has been suggested that additional metabolites such as L-proline may be involved in this nutritional symbiosis, but this has yet to be tested. Here, we studied the metabolite-based interaction between the brown dog tick
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
(Acari: Ixodidae) and its
Coxiella-
like endosymbionts (CLE). We measured amino acid titers and tested the effect of B vitamins and L-proline supplementation on the fitness of CLE-suppressed female ticks, displaying low titers of CLE. We found higher titers of L-proline in the symbiont-hosting organs of unfed ticks and in engorged blood-fed whole ticks. Supplementation of B vitamins increased the hatching rate of CLE-suppressed ticks; this effect appears to be stronger when L-proline is added. Our results indicate that L-proline is produced by CLE, and we suggest that CLE is essential in states of high metabolic demand that affects tick reproductive fitness, such as oogenesis and embryonic development. These findings demonstrate the broader effect of nutritional symbionts on their hosts and may potentially contribute to the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases.

IMPORTANCE

Coxiella
-like endosymbionts (CLE) are essential to the brown dog tick
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
for feeding and reproduction. This symbiosis is based on the supplementation of B vitamins lacking in the blood diet. The involvement of additional metabolites has been suggested, but no experimental evidence is available as yet to confirm a metabolic interaction. Here, we show that B vitamins and L-proline, both of which contribute to tick reproductive fitness, are produced by CLE. These findings demonstrate the importance of symbiont-derived metabolites for the host’s persistence and shed light on the complex bacteria-host metabolic interaction, which can be channeled to manipulate and control tick populations.
Percepción de competencia bioética y deliberación ético-clínica conjunta medicina-enfermería en hospitalización pediátrica básica.
Authors: Rodriguez David , Strickler Prouvay Alexis , Arellano Pajaro Rosminia , Uherek Peters Alexandra , Brochero Mercado Clara , Quezada Encina Rossy , Silva Elgueta Maria Teresa 
Published: June 2024

Introducción: las competencias bioéticas permiten abordar colectiva y críticamente, aspectos éticos involucrados en la práctica clínica. Pero, la deliberación ética simultánea de médico/as con enfermero/as, en pacientes no críticos, es inhabitual. Objetivo: constatar la percepción de médico/as y enfermero/as de un hospital de alta complejidad, sobre sus competencias bioéticas y deliberación sincrónica, en hospitalizados pediátricos sin riesgo vital. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal mediante encuesta, a médico/as y enfermero/as del servicio médico-quirúrgico infantil, sobre presencia, modalidad de enseñanza de bioética en pregrado, percepción de tener conocimiento bioético suficiente para aplicarlo clínicamente y si hubo análisis ético-clínico conjunto, en pacientes hospitalizados. Resultados: la mayoría de los encuestados 47/54 (87%) recibió formación teórica obligatoria en bioética durante el pregrado. De ellos, 19/29 (65,5%) médico/as y 11/18 (61,1%) enfermero/as reconocieron que esta formación fue insuficiente para aplicarla en el trabajo. 25/35 (71,4%) médicos, afirmó participar en deliberación ética antes de enviar un caso al comité de ética asistencial, pero esta deliberación ocasionalmente incluyó a enfermero/as ya que, sólo 2/19 (10,5%) de los enfermero/as señalaron intervenir en este tipo de deliberación. Conclusiones: médico/as y enfermero/as que trabajan en pediatría y cirugía infantil, perciben insuficiencias de formación en pregrado en bioética e impericia para aplicar contenidos a la práctica cotidiana. La deliberación ética sobre casos clínicos pediátricos de enfermero/as es esporádica respecto de médico/as en hospitalización médico-quirúrgica básica.
Evaluation of the Immune Response within the Tumor Microenvironment in African American and Non-Hispanic White Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Trendowski Matthew R. , Watza Donovan , Lusk Christine M. , Lonardo Fulvio , Ratliff Valerie , Wenzlaff Angela S. , Mamdani Hirva , Neslund-Dudas Christine , Boerner Julie L. , Schwartz Ann G. , Gibson Heather M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
African Americans have higher incidence and mortality from lung cancer than non-Hispanic Whites, but investigations into differences in immune response have been minimal. Therefore, we compared components of the tumor microenvironment among African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites diagnosed with non–small cell lung cancer based on PDL1 or tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) status to identify differences of translational relevance.

Methods:
Using a cohort of 280 patients with non–small cell lung cancer from the Inflammation, Health, Ancestry, and Lung Epidemiology study (non-Hispanic White: n = 155; African American: n = 125), we evaluated PDL1 tumor proportion score (&lt;1% vs. ≥1%) and TLS status (presence/absence), comparing differences within the tumor microenvironment based on immune cell distribution and differential expression of genes.

Results:
Tumors from African Americans had a higher proportion of plasma cell signatures within the tumor microenvironment than non-Hispanic Whites. In addition, gene expression patterns in African American PDL1-positive samples suggest that these tumors contained greater numbers of γδ T cells and resting dendritic cells, along with fewer CD8+ T cells after adjusting for age, sex, pack-years, stage, and histology. Investigation of differential expression of B cell/plasma cell–related genes between the two patient populations revealed that two immunoglobulin genes (IGKV2-29 and IGLL5) were associated with decreased mortality risk in African Americans.

Conclusions:
In the first known race-stratified analysis of tumor microenvironment components in lung cancer based on PDL1 expression or TLS status, differences within the immune cell composition and transcriptomic signature were identified that may have therapeutic implications.

Impact:
Future investigation of racial variation within the tumor microenvironment may help direct the use of immunotherapy.
Rare Variant in
MRC2
Associated With Familial Supraventricular Tachycardia and Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Authors: Potter Adam S. , Miyake Christina Y. , Gonzaga-Jauregui Claudia , Aguilar-Sanchez Yuriana , Hulsurkar Mohit M. , Lahiri Satadru K. , Moreira Lucia M. , Mehta Neelam , Azamian Mahshid S. , Lupski James R. , Reilly Svetlana , Lalani Seema R. , Wehrens Xander H.T. 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
Accessory pathways are a common cause of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and can lead to sudden cardiac death in otherwise healthy children and adults when associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. The goal of this study was to identify genetic variants within a large family with structurally normal hearts affected by SVT and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and determine causality of the gene deficit in a corresponding mouse model.

METHODS:

Whole exome sequencing performed on 2 distant members of a 3-generation family in which multiple members were affected by SVT or Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern (preexcitation) on ECG identified
MRC2
as a candidate gene. Serial electrocardiograms, intracardiac electrophysiology studies, echocardiography, optical mapping studies, and histology were performed on both
Mrc2
mutant and WT (wild-type) mice.

RESULTS:

A rare HET (heterozygous) missense variant c.2969A>G;p.Glu990Gly (E990G) in
MRC2
was identified as the leading candidate gene variant segregating with the cardiac phenotype following an autosomal-dominant Mendelian trait segregation pattern with variable expressivity. In vivo electrophysiology studies revealed reentrant SVT in E990G mice. Optical mapping studies in E990G mice demonstrated abnormal retrograde conduction, suggesting the presence of an accessory pathway. Histological analysis of E990G mouse hearts showed a disordered ECM (extracellular matrix) in the annulus fibrosus. Finally,
Mrc2
knockdown in human cardiac fibroblasts enhanced accelerated cell migration.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study identified a rare nonsynonymous variant in the
MRC2
gene in individuals with familial reentrant SVT, Wolff-Parkinson-White ECG pattern, and structurally normal hearts. Furthermore,
Mrc2
knock-in mice revealed an increased incidence of reentrant SVT and bypass tract formation in the setting of preserved cardiac structure and function.
Impact of Summer North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature Tripole on Precipitation over Mid–High-Latitude Eurasia
Authors: Cheng Shanling , Yu Haipeng , Zhou Jie , Zhang Bofei , Ren Yu , Luo Hongyu , Chen Siyu , Gong Yongqi , Peng Ming , Zhu Yunsai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Eurasia is a sensitive and high-risk region for global climate changes, where climate anomalies significantly influence natural ecosystems, human health, and economic development. The North Atlantic tripole (NAT) sea surface temperature anomaly is crucial to interannual precipitation variations in Eurasia. Several studies have focused on the link between the NAT and climate anomalies in winter and spring. However, the mechanism by which the summer NAT impacts climate anomalies in Eurasia remains unclear. This study examines how the NAT impacts interannual variations of summer precipitation in mid–high-latitude Eurasia. Precipitation variations are associated with the atmospheric teleconnection triggered by the NAT. When the NAT is in its positive phase, the anomalous atmospheric diabatic heating over the North Atlantic excites an equivalent-barotropic Rossby wave train response that propagates eastward toward Eurasia, resulting in atmospheric circulation anomalies over the region. The combined effects of atmospheric circulation, radiative forcing, and water vapor transport anomalies lead to decreased precipitation across northern Europe and central Eurasia, with higher precipitation anomalies over northeast Asia. Finally, numerical experiments verify that the summer NAT excites atmospheric teleconnections that propagate downstream, affecting precipitation anomalies in mid–high-latitude Eurasia. This study provides a scientific basis for predicting Eurasian summer precipitation and strengthening disaster management strategies.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Thai and Japanese Restaurants for Reduction Management Strategies
Authors: Mungkung Rattanawan , Jaieim Piyatida , Chancharoonpong Panit 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Quantifying the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions along the whole value chain is essential for effective greenhouse gas management. Two types of the most popular restaurants in Thailand were included in this study: 1) a restaurant that specialized in northeastern Thai cuisine with an area of 94 m2 and 41 000 clients per year and 2) a restaurant serving Japanese–Thai fusion meals with an area of 284 m2 with 59 000 clients per year. Notably, the scope 3 GHG emissions were the highest (76%–81% of total emissions). The main contributors at both restaurants were raw material acquisition, followed by transportation of raw materials and waste management. It was suggested that the restaurants should not overlook the major sources of scope 3 GHG emissions, especially in food procurement, transportation from suppliers, and waste management. GHG management measures that could be applied include using local food ingredients, buying raw materials from nearby locations, simulating transport routes to minimize the distance of transport, and separating food wastes and sorting recyclable packaging wastes for further use. In addition, the restaurants could flag low-carbon footprint meals on their menus to engage their customers in contributing to GHG reductions.
Recent advances in two-dimensional perovskite materials for light-emitting diodes
Authors: Tyagi Deepika , Laxmi Vijay , Basu Nilanjan , Reddy Leelakrishna , Tian Yibin , Ouyang Zhengbiao , Nayak Pramoda K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLight-emitting diodes (LEDs) are an indispensable part of our daily life. After being studied for a few decades, this field still has some room for improvement. In this regard, perovskite materials may take the leading role. In recent years, LEDs have become a most explored topic, owing to their various applications in photodetectors, solar cells, lasers, and so on. Noticeably, they exhibit significant characteristics in developing LEDs. The luminous efficiency of LEDs can be significantly enhanced by the combination of a poor illumination LED with low-dimensional perovskite. In 2014, the first perovskite-based LED was illuminated at room temperature. Furthermore, two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have enriched this field because of their optical and electronic properties and comparatively high stability in ambient conditions. Recent and relevant advancements in LEDs using low-dimensional perovskites including zero-dimensional to three-dimensional materials is reported. The major focus of this article is based on the 2D perovskites and their heterostructures (i.e., a combination of 2D perovskites with transition metal dichalcogenides, graphene, and hexagonal boron nitride). In comparison to 2D perovskites, heterostructures exhibit more potential for application in LEDs. State-of-the-art perovskite-based LEDs, current challenges, and prospects are also discussed.
Graphical Abstract
Breed of origin analysis in genome-wide association studies: enhancing SNP-based insights into production traits in a commercial Brangus population
Authors: Zayas Gabriel A. , Rodriguez Eduardo , Hernandez Aakilah , Rezende Fernanda M. , Mateescu Raluca G. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Carcass weight (HCW) and marbling (MARB) are critical for meat quality and market value in beef cattle. In composite breeds like Brangus, which meld the genetics of Angus and Brahman, SNP-based analyses have illuminated some genetic influences on these traits, but they fall short in fully capturing the nuanced effects of breed of origin alleles (BOA) on these traits. Focus on the impacts of BOA on phenotypic features within Brangus populations can result in a more profound understanding of the specific influences of Angus and Brahman genetics. Moreover, the consideration of BOA becomes particularly significant when evaluating dominance effects contributing to heterosis in crossbred populations. BOA provides a more comprehensive measure of heterosis due to its ability to differentiate the distinct genetic contributions originating from each parent breed. This detailed understanding of genetic effects is essential for making informed breeding decisions to optimize the benefits of heterosis in composite breeds like Brangus.

Objective
This study aims to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing HCW and MARB by utilizing SNP and BOA information, incorporating additive, dominance, and overdominance effects within a multi-generational Brangus commercial herd.

Methods
We analyzed phenotypic data from 1,066 genotyped Brangus steers. BOA inference was performed using LAMP-LD software using Angus and Brahman reference sets. SNP-based and BOA-based GWAS were then conducted considering additive, dominance, and overdominance models.

Results
The study identified numerous QTLs for HCW and MARB. A notable QTL for HCW was associated to the SGCB gene, pivotal for muscle growth, and was identified solely in the BOA GWAS. Several BOA GWAS QTLs exhibited a dominance effect underscoring their importance in estimating heterosis.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that SNP-based methods may not detect all genetic variation affecting economically important traits in composite breeds. BOA inclusion in genomic evaluations is crucial for identifying genetic regions contributing to trait variation and for understanding the dominance value underpinning heterosis. By considering BOA, we gain a deeper understanding of genetic interactions and heterosis, which is integral to advancing breeding programs. The incorporation of BOA is recommended for comprehensive genomic evaluations to optimize trait improvements in crossbred cattle populations.
Identification and expression analysis of Sox family genes in echinoderms
Authors: Li Xiaojing , Cao Tiangui , Liu Hui , Fu Longhai , Wang Quanchao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Sox gene family, a collection of transcription factors widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom, plays a crucial role in numerous developmental processes. Echinoderms occupy a pivotal position in many research fields, such as neuroscience, sex determination and differentiation, and embryonic development. However, to date, no comprehensive study has been conducted to characterize and analyze Sox genes in echinoderms. In the present study, the evolution and expression of Sox family genes across 11 echinoderms were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. The results revealed a total of 70 Sox genes, with counts ranging from 5 to 8 across different echinoderms. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified Sox genes could be categorized into seven distinct classes: the SoxB1 class, SoxB2 class, SoxC class, SoxD class, SoxE class, SoxF class and SoxH class. Notably, the SoxB1, SoxB2, and SoxF genes were ubiquitously present in all the echinoderms studied, which suggests that these genes may be conserved in echinoderms. The spatiotemporal expression patterns observed for Sox genes in the three echinoderms indicated that various Sox members perform distinct functional roles. Notably, SoxB1 is likely involved in echinoderm ovary development, while SoxH may play a crucial role in testis development in starfish and sea cucumber. In general, the present investigation provides a molecular foundation for exploring the Sox gene in echinoderms, providing a valuable resource for future phylogenetic and genomic studies.