bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible Ultrahigh‐Resolution Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Lin Lihua , Dong Zhihua , Wang Jie , Hu Hailong , Chen Weiguo , Guo Tailiang , Li Fushan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving Metaverse, enhancing user immersion through clear, lifelike, and ergonomic near‐eye displays is crucial. However, existing rigid near‐eye displays encounter challenges such as insufficient resolution, limited adaptability, and suboptimal visual experiences. To address these issues, a strategic shift is proposed to flexible ultrahigh‐resolution (FUR) displays, which combine ultrahigh resolution with the ability to conform to individual eye curvature for a more realistic field of view. FUR quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (FUR‐QLEDs) featuring 9072 pixels per inch (PPI), a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 15.7%, and peak brightness of 15 163 cd m−2 are achieved through the integration of nanoimprinting and surface modification technologies. The degradation mechanism of FUR‐QLEDs under bending fatigue tests is investigated, identifying the high elastic modulus of the insulating patterned film as the primary cause through theoretical analysis, simulation, and experimental characterizations. Optimizing the elastic modulus of the patterned film enabled to maintain 91% of its initial brightness after 400 bending cycles, demonstrating exceptional bending stability and durability of FUR‐QLEDs.
Ultratough and Highly Conductive Supramolecular Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Eutectogels via a Sequentially Enhanced Strategy
Authors: Du Shuo , Chen Xingduo , Li Miaomiao , Peng Bolun , Lyu Quanqian , Zhang Lianbin , Zhu Jintao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEutectogels, composed of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and polymeric networks, are promising as pivotal components in flexible energy storage, soft robotics, wearable electronic devices, etc. However, an inherent trade‐off between ionic conductivity and mechanical properties, which stems from the antagonism between the DES and polymeric networks, restricts the advancement of eutectogels. Herein, a sequentially enhanced strategy via freeze‐casting, solvent exchanges, and wet annealing to construct supramolecular poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) eutectogels with ultratough mechanical properties and high ionic conductivity is proposed. The trade‐off is reconciled by building aligned through‐pores to facilitate efficient ion transport and by further rationally regulating the aggregation structures of PVA chains to reinforce the supporting networks. Consequently, the resulting supramolecular PVA eutectogels demonstrate state‐of‐the‐art mechanical‐conductive comprehensive performances among existing eutectogels with an elongation of 3281%, a toughness of 196 MJ m−3, a fatigue threshold of 1100 J m−2, and ionic conductivity of 5.2 mS cm−1. These appealing characteristics are highly desirable for advanced soft conductors. This study will provide insights into designing next‐generation high‐performance supramolecular materials for flexible electronics is believed.
Constructing a Fluoride‐Ion Tunnel‐Structured Interface to Stabilize the Zn Metal Chemistry at 50 °C
Authors: Yang Yihan , Qu Guangmeng , Wei Zhiquan , Hu Tao , Hu Yichan , Wei Zijian , Mo Funian , Li Hongfei , Liang Guojin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh‐temperature aqueous zinc batteries have recently garnered significant attention for large‐scale energy storage. However, spontaneous hydrogen evolution and passivation on the Zn metal anode severely affect its cycling stability under elevated temperature conditions. Herein, a facile strategy is employed to construct a bifunctional composite protective layer comprising an insulating ZnF2 layer combined with Zn affinity conductive tin (Sn) metal. This combination optimally distributes Zn ions (Zn2+) and maintains consistent thermal field distribution around Zn anodes. Moreover, the presence of fluorides on the interface efficiently suppresses the hydrogen evolution reaction, while the Sn metal serves as nucleation seeds with reversible alloying and dealloying process to endow dendrite‐free morphology and fast reaction kinetics. Specifically, the symmetric cell with the coated electrode exhibits excellent stability at a current density of 3 mA cm−2 over 420 h at 50 °C. When coupled with the modified Zn anode and I2 cathode, the Zn//I2 full cells deliver high areal capacity and substantiate their practical application, exhibiting remarkable high‐temperature resilience over 2000 cycles with 97.8% capacity retained at 50 °C.
Engineering a Microfluidic Platform to Cryopreserve Stem Cells: A DMSO‐Free Sustainable Approach
Authors: Modaresi Saman , Pacelli Settimio , Chakraborty Aishik , Coyle Ali , Luo Wei , Singh Irtisha , Paul Arghya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHuman adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs) are cryopreserved traditionally using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the cryoprotectant agent. DMSO penetrates cell membranes and prevents cellular damage during cryopreservation. However, DMSO is not inert to cells, inducing cytotoxic effects by causing mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced cell proliferation, and impaired hASCs transplantation. Additionally, large‐scale production of DMSO and contamination can adversely impact the environment. A sustainable, green alternative to DMSO is trehalose, a natural disaccharide cryoprotectant agent that does not pose any risk of cytotoxicity. However, the cellular permeability of trehalose is less compared to DMSO. Here, a microfluidic chip is developed for the intracellular delivery of trehalose in hASCs. The chip is designed for mechanoporation, which creates transient pores in cell membranes by mechanical deformation. Mechanoporation allows the sparingly permeable trehalose to be internalized within the cell cytosol. The amount of trehalose delivered intracellularly is quantified and optimized based on cellular compatibility and functionality. Furthermore, whole‐transcriptome sequencing confirms that less than 1% of all target genes display at least a twofold change in expression when cells are passed through the chip compared to untreated cells. Overall, the results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of using this microfluidic chip for DMSO‐free cryopreservation of hASCs.
Engineering Microgel Packing to Tailor the Physical and Biological Properties of Gelatin Methacryloyl Granular Hydrogel Scaffolds
Authors: Jaberi Arian , Kedzierski Alexander , Kheirabadi Sina , Tagay Yerbol , Ataie Zaman , Zavari Saman , Naghashnejad Mohammad , Waldron Olivia , Adhikari Daksh , Lester Gerald , Gallagher Colin , Borhan Ali , Ravnic Dino , Tabdanov Erdem , Sheikhi Amir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGranular hydrogel scaffolds (GHS) are fabricated via placing hydrogel microparticles (HMP) in close contact (packing), followed by physical and/or chemical interparticle bond formation. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) GHS have recently emerged as a promising platform for biomedical applications; however, little is known about how the packing of building blocks, physically crosslinked soft GelMA HMP, affects the physical (pore microarchitecture and mechanical/rheological properties) and biological (in vitro and in vivo) attributes of GHS. Here, the GHS pore microarchitecture is engineered via the external (centrifugal) force‐induced packing and deformation of GelMA HMP to regulate GHS mechanical and rheological properties, as well as biological responses in vitro and in vivo. Increasing the magnitude and duration of centrifugal force increases the HMP deformation/packing, decreases GHS void fraction and median pore diameter, and increases GHS compressive and storage moduli. MDA‐MB‐231 human triple negative breast adenocarcinoma cells spread and flatten on the GelMA HMP surface in loosely packed GHS, whereas they adopt an elongated morphology in highly packed GHS as a result of spatial confinement. Via culturing untreated or blebbistatin‐treated cells in GHS, the effect of non‐muscle myosin II‐driven contractility on cell morphology is shown. In vivo subcutaneous implantation in mice confirms a significantly higher endothelial, fibroblast, and macrophage cell infiltration within the GHS with a lower packing density, which is in accordance with the in vitro cell migration outcome. These results indicate that the packing state of GelMA GHS may enable the engineering of cell response in vitro and tissue response in vivo. This research is a fundamental step forward in standardizing and engineering GelMA GHS microarchitecture for tissue engineering and regeneration.
Characterization of Microscopic Structures in Living Tumor by In Vivo Measurement of Magnetic Relaxation Time Distribution of Intratumor Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Ota Satoshi , Kosaka Hiroki , Honda Keita , Hoshino Kota , Goto Haruki , Futagawa Masato , Takemura Yasushi , Shimizu Kosuke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTumor microscopic structure is crucial for determining properties such as cancer type, disease state (key for early diagnosis), and novel therapeutic strategies. Magnetic particle imaging is an early cancer diagnostic tool using magnetic nanoparticles as a tracer, which actualizes cancer theranostics in combination with hyperthermia treatment using the abilities of magnetic nanoparticles as a heat source. This study focuses on the microscopic structures associated with cancer cell distribution, the stromal compartment, and vascularization in different kinds of living tumors by analyzing the intratumor magnetic relaxation response of magnetic nanoparticles injected into the tumors. Furthermore, this study describes a sequential system for the measurement of magnetic relaxation time and analysis of the intratumor structure using nonbiological samples such as viscous fluids and solidified magnetic nanoparticles. Particularly, the fine discriminability achieved by reconstructing a distribution map representing the relationship between magnetic relaxation time and viscosity of medium is demonstrated, based on experimental data with a limited condition number. Observing tumor microscopic structure through the dynamic magnetization response of intratumor magnetic nanoparticles is a low‐invasive tool for analyzing tumor tissue without dissection. It holds promise for the advancement of biomedical applications, such as early cancer theranostics, using magnetic nanoparticles.
Flexible Terahertz Metasurface Absorbers Empowered by Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Xu Guizhen , Xue Zhanqiang , Fan Junxing , Lu Dan , Xing Hongyang , Shum Perry Ping , Zhou Ye , Cong Longqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTerahertz absorbers are crucial to the cutting‐edge techniques in the next‐generation wireless communications, imaging, sensing, and radar stealth, as they fundamentally determine the performance of detectors and cloaking capabilities. It has long been a pressing task to find absorbers with customizable performance that can adapt to various environments with low cost and great flexibility. Here, perfect absorption empowered by bound states in the continuum (BICs) is demonstrated, allowing for the tailoring of absorption coefficient, bandwidth, and field of view. The one‐port absorbers are interpreted using temporal coupled‐mode theory highlighting the dominant role of BICs in the far‐field radiation properties. Through a thorough investigation of BICs from the perspective of lattice symmetry, the radiation features of three BIC modes are unraveled using both multipolar and topological analysis. The versatile radiation capabilities of BICs provide ample freedom to meet specific requirements of absorbers, including tunable bandwidth, stable performance in a large field of view, and multiband absorption using a thin and flexible film without extreme geometric demands. These findings offer a systematic approach to developing optoelectronic devices and demonstrate the significant potential of BICs for optical and photonic applications, which will stimulate further studies on terahertz photonics and metasurfaces.
Sensitive SWIR Organic Photodetectors with Spectral Response Reaching 1.5 µm
Authors: Zhang Yi , Chen Jingwen , Yang Jie , Fu Muyi , Cao Yunhao , Dong Minghao , Yu Jiangkai , Dong Sheng , Yang Xiye , Shao Lin , Hu Zhengwei , Cai Houji , Liu Chunchen , Huang Fei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe performance of organic photodetectors (OPDs) sensitive to the short‐wavelength infrared (SWIR) light lags behind commercial indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) photodetectors primarily due to the scarcity of organic semiconductors with efficient photoelectric responses exceeding 1.3 µm. Limited by the Energy‐gap law, ultralow‐bandgap organic semiconductors usually suffer from severe non‐radiative transitions, resulting in low external quantum efficiency (EQE). Herein, a difluoro‐substituted quinoid terminal group (QC‐2F) with exceptionally strong electron‐negativity is developed for constructing a new non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA), Y‐QC4F with an ultralow bandgap of 0.83 eV. This subtle structural modification significantly enhances intermolecular packing order and density, enabling an absorption onset up to 1.5 µm while suppressing non‐radiation recombination in Y‐QC4F films. SWIR OPDs based on Y‐QC4F achieve an impressive detectivity (D*) over 1011 Jones from 0.4 to 1.5 µm under 0 V bias, with a maximum of 1.68 × 1012 Jones at 1.16 µm. Furthermore, the resulting OPDs demonstrate competitive performance with commercial photodetectors for high‐quality SWIR imaging even under 1.4 µm irradiation.
Strategically Modulating Proton Activity and Electric Double Layer Adsorption for Innovative All‐Vanadium Aqueous Mn2+/Proton Hybrid Batteries
Authors: Li Ming , Li Cong , Zuo Chunli , Hu Jisong , Li Chen , Luo Wen , Luo Sha , Duan An , Wang Junjun , Wang Xuanpeng , Sun Wei , Mai Liqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAqueous Mn‐ion batteries (MIBs) exhibit a promising development potential due to their cost‐effectiveness, high safety, and potential for high energy density. However, the development of MIBs is hindered by the lack of electrode materials capable of storing Mn2+ ions due to acidic manganese salt electrolytes and large ion radius. Herein, the tunnel‐type structure of monoclinic VO2 nanorods to effectively store Mn2+ ions via a reversible (de)insertion chemistry for the first time is reported. Utilizing exhaustive in situ/ex situ multi‐scale characterization techniques and theoretical calculations, the co‐insertion process of Mn2+/proton is revealed, elucidating the capacity decay mechanism wherein high proton activity leads to irreversible dissolution loss of vanadium species. Further, the Grotthuss transfer mechanism of protons is broken via a hydrogen bond reconstruction strategy while achieving the modulation of the electric double‐layer structure, which effectively suppresses the electrode interface proton activity. Consequently, the VO2 demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance at both ambient temperatures and −20 °C, especially maintaining a high capacity of 162 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 after a record‐breaking 20 000 cycles. Notably, the all‐vanadium symmetric pouch cells are successfully assembled for the first time based on the “rocking‐chair” Mn2+/proton hybrid mechanism, demonstrating the practical application potential.
Asymmetric Microenvironment Tailoring Strategies of Atomically Dispersed Dual‐Site Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction and CO2 Reduction Reactions
Authors: Huang Shiqing , Lin Fanmiao , Wang Shitao , Zeng Xiaofei , Ling Hao , Hu Xiayi , Shen Zhigang , Cao Dapeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDual‐atom catalysts (DACs) with atomically dispersed dual‐sites, as an extension of single‐atom catalysts (SACs), have recently become a new hot topic in heterogeneous catalysis due to their maximized atom efficiency and dual‐site diverse synergy, because the synergistic diversity of dual‐sites achieved by asymmetric microenvironment tailoring can efficiently boost the catalytic activity by optimizing the electronic structure of DACs. Here, this work first summarizes the frequently‐used experimental synthesis and characterization methods of DACs. Then, four synergistic catalytic mechanisms (cascade mechanism, assistance mechanism, co‐adsorption mechanism and bifunction mechanism) and four key modulating methods (active site asymmetric strategy, transverse/axial‐modification engineering, distance engineering and strain engineering) are elaborated comprehensively. The emphasis is placed on the effects of asymmetric microenvironment of DACs on oxygen/carbon dioxide reduction reaction. Finally, some perspectives and outlooks are also addressed. In short, the review summarizes a useful asymmetric microenvironment tailoring strategy to speed up synthesis of high‐performance electrocatalysts for different reactions.
Inorganic‐Derived 0D Perovskite Induced Surface Lattice Arrangement for Efficient and Stable All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Heo Jin Hyuck , Park Jin Kyoung , Lee Hyong Joon , Shin Eun Ha , Hong Seok Yeong , Hong Ki‐Ha , Zhang Fei , Im Sang Hyuk 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe inverted inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are prospective candidates for next‐generation photovoltaics owing to inherent robust thermal/photo‐stability and compatibility for tandems. However, the performance and stability of the inverted CsPbI3 PSCs fall behind the n‐i‐p counterparts due to poor energetic alignment and abundant interfacial defect states. Here, an inorganic 0D Cs4PbBr6 with a good lattice strain arrangement is implemented as the surface anchoring capping layer on CsPbI3. The Cs4PbBr6 perovskite induces enhanced electron‐selective junction and thus facilitates efficient charge extraction and effectively inhibits non‐radiative recombination. Consequently, the CsPbI3 PSCs with Cs4PbBr6 demonstrate the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CsPbI3‐based inverted PSCs, reaching 21.03% PCE from a unit cell and 17.39% PCE from a module with a 64 cm2 aperture area. Furthermore, the resulting devices retain 92.48% after 1000 h under simultaneous 1‐sun and damp heat (85 °C / 85% relative humidity) environment.
Nanoengineering Scalephobic Surfaces for Liquid Cooling Enhancement
Authors: Schmid Julian , Armstrong Tobias , Denz Niklas , Heller Lars , Hegner Lukas , Schnoering Gabriel , Vidic Jovo , Schutzius Thomas M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCrystallization fouling, a process where mineral scales form on surfaces, is of broad importance in nature and technology, negatively impacting water treatment and electricity production. However, a rational methodology for designing materials with intrinsic resistance to scaling and scale adhesion remains elusive. Here, guided by nucleation physics, this work investigates the effect of coating composition and surface structure on the nucleation and growth mechanism of scale on metallic heat transfer surfaces nanoengineered by large‐area techniques. This work observes that on hydrophilic nanostructured copper, despite its significantly enlarged surface area compared to smooth surfaces, scale formation is substantially suppressed leading to sustained, efficient cooling performance. This work reveals the mechanism through thermofluidic modeling coupled with in situ optical characterization and show that surface bubble formation through degassing is responsible for generating local hot spots enhancing supersaturation. This work then demonstrates a scalephobic nanostructured surface which reduces the accumulated surface scale mass 3.5× and maintains an 82% higher heat transfer coefficient compared to superhydrophobic surfaces with corresponding energy conversion savings. This work not only advances the understanding of fouling mechanisms but also holds promise for practical applications in industries reliant on efficient heat transfer processes.
Formate Salts: The Rediscovery of Their Radical Reaction under Light Irradiation Opens New Avenues in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Shen Qing , Cao Kun , Wen Xiaoqing , Li Jiahong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFormates are abundantly available and inexpensive commodity chemical, widely used in laboratory and industrial organic synthesis. Formates are promising hydrogen carrier and green C1 source, and have also been a subject of research as SET reductants in recent years. Compared to the toxic and flammable gas carbon monoxide, which also serves as a C1 source, formates are easier to handle, store, and transport, and are more environmentally friendly. Therefore, in recent studies of radical reactions, formate is not only as an ideal source of green carbonyl, which is of great significance to synthesize carboxyl compounds with various structures, but also as a SET reductant for editing organic molecules either in scientific research or industrial production. The activation and conversion of formate, as a source of C1 or a SET reductant, is a very challenging and hot research field in organic synthesis.
Predicting High‐Performance Thermoelectric Materials With StarryData2
Authors: Parse Nuttawat , Recatala‐Gomez Jose , Zhu Ruiming , Low Andre KY , Hippalgaonkar Kedar , Mato Tomoya , Katsura Yukari , Pinitsoontorn Supree 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn recent years, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a potential tool in the exploration of thermoelectric (TE) materials. This study exploits the StarryData2 public database to construct an ML model for predicting the figure‐of‐merit ZT of TE materials. The original dataset from StarryData2 (372,480 datapoints) underwent systematic cleaning, resulting in a refined dataset of 18,126 instances with 2,761 unique compounds. The cleaned data is employed to train an XGBoost regressor model, utilizing chemical formulas of TE compounds as features to predict ZT at given temperatures. The XGBoost regressor exhibited high prediction accuracy, achieving the coefficient of determination (R2) scores of 0.815 and mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.103 for the test set, further evaluated through cross‐validation across 5 folds. The learning curve analysis demonstrated improved model performance with increased training data. Furthermore, the contributions of different chemical descriptors to ZT are analyzed based on feature importance analysis. Beyond conventional TE families in the training set, the trained model is applied to predict ZT for promising unexplored TE materials and estimate optimal doping concentrations. This comprehensive study shows the impact of ML on TE material research, offering valuable insights and accelerating the discovery of materials with enhanced TE properties.
Electronic Properties of Si and C Substitutional Defects and Porosity in C‐Rich and Si‐Rich Hydrogenated Roundish SiC Quantum Dots: An Ab‐Initio Study
Authors: Cuevas Figueroa José Luis , Thirumuruganandham Saravana Prakash , Mowbray Duncan John , Trejo Baños Alejandro , Serrano Orozco Fernando Adán , Jimenez Fabian , Ojeda‐Martínez Miguel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, SiC quantum dots (SiC‐QD's) are studied, and some roundish SiC‐QD's with the incorporation of defects by removing a carbon or silicon atom are considered. Fourteen configurations are modeled in which the position of the silicon or carbon defect for each configuration is changed, considering that due to the chemical composition, it allows more Si atoms or more C atoms on the QD surface. All calculations are performed using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) methodology. The electronic exchange correlation is treated using the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) with the Revised Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (RPBE) functional. The electronic energy levels of each configuration are calculated as well as the partial density of states to know the origin of the energy gap in each quantum dot. The final step is to analyze the energy formation to determine chemical stability.