bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay of Mediterranean-diet adherence, genetic factors, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease risk in Korea
Authors: Kwon Yu-Jin , Choi Ja-Eun , Hong Kyung-Won , Lee Ji-Won 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Backgrounds
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has gained attention owing to its severe complications. This study aimed to explore the interaction between Mediterranean-diet (MD) adherence, genetic factors, and MASLD risk in a Korean population.

Methods
In total, 33,133 individuals aged 40 years and older from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) were analyzed. Participants were assessed for MASLD based on criteria and MD adherence measured by the Korean version of the Mediterranean-Diet Adherence Screener (K-MEDAS). Individuals were categorized into two groups based on their MD adherence: high adherence (K-MEDAS > 6) and low adherence (K-MEDAS < 5). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes were obtained using the Korea Biobank array. Logistic regression was used to examine the single-marker variants for genetic associations with MASLD prevalence.

Results
Individuals were categorized into MASLD (10,018 [30.2%]) and non-MASLD (23,115 [69.8%]) groups. A significant interaction was observed between the rs780094 glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) gene and K-MEDAS on MASLD (p < $${10}^{-2}$$

10

-
2

). Of individuals with K-MEDAS > 6, those carrying the minor allele (C) of the GCKR gene rs780094 exhibited a lower risk of MASLD compared to those without the allele (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88 [0.85–0.91], p-value = 5.54e−13).

Conclusion
The study identified a significant interaction involving the rs780094 variant near the GCKR gene, with carriers of the minor allele exhibiting a lower MASLD risk among those adhering well to the MD. Dietary habits influence the MASLD risk associated with the rs780094 allele, emphasizing the need for personalized nutrition recommendations.
Maternal SARS-CoV-2 impacts fetal placental macrophage programs and placenta-derived microglial models of neurodevelopment
Authors: Shook Lydia L. , Batorsky Rebecca E. , De Guzman Rose M. , McCrea Liam T. , Brigida Sara M. , Horng Joy E. , Sheridan Steven D. , Kholod Olha , Cook Aidan M. , Li Jonathan Z. , Slonim Donna K. , Goods Brittany A. , Perlis Roy H. , Edlow Andrea G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The SARS-CoV-2 virus activates maternal and placental immune responses. Such activation in the setting of other infections during pregnancy is known to impact fetal brain development. The effects of maternal immune activation on neurodevelopment are mediated at least in part by fetal brain microglia. However, microglia are inaccessible for direct analysis, and there are no validated non-invasive surrogate models to evaluate in utero microglial priming and function. We have previously demonstrated shared transcriptional programs between microglia and Hofbauer cells (HBCs, or fetal placental macrophages) in mouse models.

Methods and results
We assessed the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 on HBCs isolated from 24 term placentas (N = 10 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases, 14 negative controls). Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we demonstrated that HBC subpopulations exhibit distinct cellular programs, with specific subpopulations differentially impacted by SARS-CoV-2. Assessment of differentially expressed genes implied impaired phagocytosis, a key function of both HBCs and microglia, in some subclusters. Leveraging previously validated models of microglial synaptic pruning, we showed that HBCs isolated from placentas of SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnancies can be transdifferentiated into microglia-like cells (HBC-iMGs), with impaired synaptic pruning behavior compared to HBC models from negative controls.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that HBCs isolated at birth can be used to create personalized cellular models of offspring microglial programming.
Complete transection of the bilateral main bronchus in a 5-year-old patient: a case report
Authors: Wang Weimin , Yang Yanliang , Bi Siming , Lv Xiaozheng , Xu Huihui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Tracheobronchial injuries caused by blunt chest trauma are rare in children, and such injuries usually involve multiple organs. Most cases involve respiratory failure on the way to the hospital, and the mortality rate is high. Herein, we describe the case of a 5-year-old patient who fell from an electric vehicle, causing complete rupture of the bilateral main bronchus.

Case presentation
We treated a 5-year-old patient with complete bilateral main bronchus rupture. Chest computed tomography (CT) failed to detect bronchial rupture. Continuous closed thoracic drainage resulted in a large amount of bubble overflow. Tracheal rupture was suspected. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy revealed complete rupture of the right main bronchus and rupture of the left main bronchus. Emergency tracheoplasty was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). During the operation, we found that the bilateral main bronchi were completely ruptured. Postoperative recovery was smooth. The traditional surgical method for treating these injuries is lateral thoracotomy. However, a median sternotomy provides a better opportunity for selective repair. Extracorporeal circulation-assisted surgery is required for patients with unstable breathing.

Conclusion
Complete fractures of the bilateral main bronchi are rare. Bronchial rupture should be suspected in the presence of expansion defect-dropped lungs and massive air leakage despite tube thoracostomy in haemopneumothorax developing after thoracic trauma. Extracorporeal circulation-assisted tracheoplasty is a relatively safe option for children whose respiratory system is difficult to maintain, thus ensuring oxygenation ventilation and a clear surgical field.
Identification of metastasis-related genes for predicting prostate cancer diagnosis, metastasis and immunotherapy drug candidates using machine learning approaches
Authors: Wang YaXuan , Ji Bo , Zhang Lu , Wang Jinfeng , He JiaXin , Ding BeiChen , Ren MingHua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of tumor-related mortality in men. Metastasis from advanced tumors is the primary cause of death among patients. Identifying novel and effective biomarkers is essential for understanding the mechanisms of metastasis in PCa patients and developing successful interventions.

Methods
Using the GSE8511 and GSE27616 data sets, 21 metastasis-related genes were identified through the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) method. Subsequent functional analysis of these genes was conducted on the gene set cancer analysis (GSCA) website. Cluster analysis was utilized to explore the relationship between these genes, immune infiltration in PCa, and the efficacy of targeted drug IC50 scores. Machine learning algorithms were then employed to construct diagnostic and prognostic models, assessing their predictive accuracy. Additionally, multivariate COX regression analysis highlighted the significant role of POLD1 and examined its association with DNA methylation. Finally, molecular docking and immunohistochemistry experiments were carried out to assess the binding affinity of POLD1 to PCa drugs and its impact on PCa prognosis.

Results
The study identified 21 metastasis-related genes using the WGCNA method, which were found to be associated with DNA damage, hormone AR activation, and inhibition of the RTK pathway. Cluster analysis confirmed a significant correlation between these genes and PCa metastasis, particularly in the context of immunotherapy and targeted therapy drugs. A diagnostic model combining multiple machine learning algorithms showed strong predictive capabilities for PCa diagnosis, while a transfer model using the LASSO algorithm also yielded promising results. POLD1 emerged as a key prognostic gene among the metastatic genes, showing associations with DNA methylation. Molecular docking experiments supported its high affinity with PCa-targeted drugs. Immunohistochemistry experiments further validated that increased POLD1 expression is linked to poor prognosis in PCa patients.

Conclusions
The developed diagnostic and metastasis models provide substantial value for patients with prostate cancer. The discovery of POLD1 as a novel biomarker related to prostate cancer metastasis offers a promising avenue for enhancing treatment of prostate cancer metastasis.
S100 proteins as potential predictive biomarkers of abatacept response in polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Brunner Hermine I , Schulert Grant S , Sproles Alyssa , Thornton Sherry , Cornejo Gabriel Vega , Antón Jordi , Cuttica Ruben , Henrickson Michael , Foeldvari Ivan , Kingsbury Daniel J , Askelson Margarita , Liu Jinqi , Mukherjee Sumanta , Wong Robert L , Lovell Daniel J , Martini Alberto , Ruperto Nicolino , Grom Alexei A ,   on behalf of the Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group (PRCSG) and the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO)
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) comprises a heterogeneous group of conditions that can cause marked disability and diminished quality of life. Data on predictors of clinical response are insufficient to guide selection of the appropriate biologic agent for individual patients. This study aimed to investigate the propensity of S100A8/9 and S100A12 as predictive biomarkers of abatacept response in polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA).

Methods
Data from a phase 3 trial (NCT01844518) of subcutaneous abatacept in patients with active pJIA (n = 219) were used in this exploratory analysis. Association between biomarker levels at baseline and improvements in JIA-American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria responses or baseline disease activity (measured by Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score in 27 joints using C-reactive protein [JADAS27-CRP]) were assessed. Biomarker level changes from baseline to month 4 were assessed for disease outcome prediction up to 21 months.

Results
At baseline, 158 patients had available biomarker samples. Lower baseline S100A8/9 levels (≤ 3295 ng/mL) were associated with greater odds of achieving JIA-ACR90 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.54 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25–5.18]), JIA-ACR100 (OR: 3.72 [95% CI: 1.48–9.37]), JIA-ACR inactive disease (ID; OR: 4.25 [95% CI: 2.03–8.92]), JADAS27-CRP ID (OR: 2.34 [95% CI: 1.02–5.39]) at month 4, and JIA-ACR ID (OR: 3.01 [95% CI: 1.57–5.78]) at month 16. Lower baseline S100A12 levels (≤ 176 ng/mL) were associated with greater odds of achieving JIA-ACR90 (OR: 2.52 [95% CI: 1.23–5.13]), JIA-ACR100 (OR: 3.68 [95% CI: 1.46–9.28]), JIA-ACR ID (OR: 3.66 [95% CI: 1.76–7.61]), JIA-ACR90 (OR: 2.03 [95% CI: 1.07–3.87]), JIA-ACR100 (OR: 2.14 [95% CI: 1.10–4.17]), and JIA-ACR ID (OR: 4.22 [95% CI: 2.15–8.29]) at month 16. From baseline to month 4, decreases in S100A8/9 and S100A12 generally exceeded 50% among JIA-ACR90/100/ID responders.

Conclusion
Lower baseline levels of S100A8/9 and S100A12 proteins predicted better response to abatacept treatment than higher levels and may serve as early predictive biomarkers in pJIA. Decreases in these biomarker levels may also predict longer-term response to abatacept in pJIA.
The impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease and its treatment on interstitial lung disease outcomes
Authors: Quinlivan A. , Neuen D. , Hansen D. , Stevens W. , Ross L. , Ferdowsi N. , Proudman S. M. , Walker J. G. , Sahhar J. , Ngian G-S. , Apostolopoulos D. , Host L. V. , Major G. , Basnayake C. , Morrisroe K. , Nikpour M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
To determine the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and its treatment and interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods
SSc patients from the Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study (ASCS) were included. GORD was defined as self-reported GORD symptoms, therapy with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or histamine 2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) and/or the presence of reflux oesophagitis diagnosed endoscopically. The impact of GORD and its treatment on ILD features (including severity and time to ILD development) and survival was evaluated.

Results
GORD was a common manifestation affecting 1539/1632 (94%) of SSc patients. GORD affected 450/469 (96%) of those with SSc-ILD cohort. In SSc-ILD, there was no relationship between the presence of GORD or its treatment and time to ILD development or ILD severity. However, GORD treatment was associated with improved survival in those with ILD (p = 0.002). Combination therapy with both a PPI and a H2RA was associated with a greater survival benefit than single agent therapy with PPI alone (HR 0.3 vs 0.5 p < 0.050 respectively).

Conclusion
GORD is a common SSc disease manifestation. While the presence or treatment of GORD does not influence the development or severity of ILD, aggressive GORD treatment, in particular with a combination of PPI and H2RA, is associated with improved survival in those with SSc-ILD.
A feasibility study to assess the recruitment and retention of pregnant patients who regularly use cannabis
Authors: Vanderziel Alyssa , Maslovich Mark M. , Alshaarawy Omayma 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
To assess first-trimester recruitment and retention of pregnant patients who regularly used cannabis, but not other substances, measured by willingness to participate in a research study, completion of self-administered electronic questionnaires, and willingness to provide urine samples during each trimester of pregnancy. We designed and launched a prospective feasibility study titled, Cannabis Legalization in Michigan (CALM) – Maternal & Infant Health (MIH), in two Michigan clinics after the recreational use of cannabis became legal for adults 21 years and older.

Results
Over half (52%) of patients asked to participate in CALM-MIH were consented to the study. Two-thirds (66%) of screened patients initiated prenatal care during their first trimester of pregnancy and 50% used cannabis, of which the majority did not concurrently use other substances. Of those recruited into the prospective study, all participants completed the first-trimester questionnaire and provided urine samples. Study retention was 80% and all participants who completed follow-up assessments were willing to provide urine samples.
Automatic dysarthria detection and severity level assessment using CWT-layered CNN model
Authors: Sajiha Shaik , Radha Kodali , Venkata Rao Dhulipalla , Sneha Nammi , Gunnam Suryanarayana , Bavirisetti Durga Prasad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDysarthria is a speech disorder that affects the ability to communicate due to articulation difficulties. This research proposes a novel method for automatic dysarthria detection (ADD) and automatic dysarthria severity level assessment (ADSLA) by using a variable continuous wavelet transform (CWT) layered convolutional neural network (CNN) model. To determine their efficiency, the proposed model is assessed using two distinct corpora, TORGO and UA-Speech, comprising both dysarthria patients and healthy subject speech signals. The research study explores the effectiveness of CWT-layered CNN models that employ different wavelets such as Amor, Morse, and Bump. The study aims to analyze the models’ performance without the need for feature extraction, which could provide deeper insights into the effectiveness of the models in processing complex data. Also, raw waveform modeling preserves the original signal’s integrity and nuance, making it ideal for applications like speech recognition, signal processing, and image processing. Extensive analysis and experimentation have revealed that the Amor wavelet surpasses the Morse and Bump wavelets in accurately representing signal characteristics. The Amor wavelet outperforms the others in terms of signal reconstruction fidelity, noise suppression capabilities, and feature extraction accuracy. The proposed CWT-layered CNN model emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate wavelet for signal-processing tasks. The Amor wavelet is a reliable and precise choice for applications. The UA-Speech dataset is crucial for more accurate dysarthria classification. Advanced deep learning techniques can simplify early intervention measures and expedite the diagnosis process.
Moderators of Intervention Efficacy in the Pathways to Wellness Trial of Survivorship Education and Mindfulness Meditation for Younger Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Tyrus Korecki J. Richard , Ganz Patricia A. , Partridge Ann H. , Wolff Antonio C. , Petersen Laura , Crespi Catherine M. , Bower Julienne E. 
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE

Depression is associated with poor outcomes in breast cancer survivors (BCSs), with higher prevalence among younger women. The Pathways to Wellness (PTW; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT03025139
) randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated beneficial effects of two behavioral interventions (survivorship education [SE] and mindful awareness practices [MAPs]) on depressive symptoms in younger BCS. We conducted an exploratory secondary analysis to identify moderators of intervention effects.

METHODS
Women diagnosed with stage 0 to III breast cancer at or before age 50 years who completed cancer treatment were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of SE (n = 81), MAPs (n = 85), or waitlist control (WLC; n = 81). Moderators assessed at baseline included psychological distress (depression and anxiety), intervention preference, preparedness for survivorship, and time since initial diagnosis. Linear regression models tested the modifying effects of each variable on postintervention depression in SE versus WLC and MAPs versus WLC.

RESULTS

Baseline levels of depression (β = –.03,
P
< .01) and anxiety (β = –.64,
P
= .02) moderated effects of SE on depressive symptoms, as did preparedness for survivorship (β = 3.17,
P
= .02). Participants randomly assigned to SE who had the highest levels of depression or anxiety and who felt least prepared for survivorship showed the largest reductions in depressive symptoms from preintervention to postintervention. Similar effects were not observed for MAPs. Intervention preference and time since diagnosis did not moderate intervention effects for either SE or MAPs.

CONCLUSION
Our 6-week, group-based SE program may be most beneficial for women with higher levels of psychological distress and those who feel least prepared for cancer survivorship. By contrast, a 6-week mindfulness awareness practice intervention appears to benefit younger BCS regardless of pretreatment characteristics.
Low-Dose Planned Glucarpidase Allows Safe Outpatient High-Dose Methotrexate Treatment for CNS Lymphoma
Authors: Schaff Lauren R. , Carlow Dean , Schofield Ryan , Wongchai Venissala , Madzsar Juli , Hyde Allison , Reiner Anne S. , Panageas Katherine S. , DeAngelis Lisa M. , Mellinghoff Ingo K. , Lobbous Mina , Nabors Louis B. , Grommes Christian 
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE
High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) is the backbone of curative therapy for CNS lymphoma. Because of toxicity, MTX is administered in the inpatient setting along with hyperhydration and monitoring until MTX clearance is documented (3-5 days). Frequent hospitalizations result in patient time away from work, home, and exposure to potential iatrogenic/nosocomial complications. Here, we aim to demonstrate feasibility of HD-MTX administration in the outpatient setting with low-dose glucarpidase facilitating clearance.

METHODS

This is a prospective nonrandomized study of outpatient HD-MTX followed by glucarpidase 2000u (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT03684980
). Eligible patients had CNS lymphoma, creatinine <1.3 mg/dL, and previously tolerated HD-MTX. Patients were enrolled between May 2020 December 2021 for one HD-MTX treatment. Patients could re-enroll for subsequent doses of HD-MTX as eligibility and slots permitted. MTX 3.5 g/m
2
was administered once over 2 hours, preceded by standard hydration and followed by an additional 2 hours of dextrose 5% in water with NaHCO
3
75 mEq at 150 cc/h. Glucarpidase 2000u was administered once in the clinic 24 hours later. The primary end point was MTX level 48 hours after HD-MTX.

RESULTS
Twenty doses of outpatient HD-MTX with glucarpidase were administered to seven patients. After 20 of 20 (100%) treatments, serum MTX levels were reduced to <100 nmol/L. Treatments were well-tolerated, and no admissions were required. One patient received additional outpatient hydration for elevated creatinine. Development of antiglucarpidase antibody was rare and did not affect treatment.

CONCLUSION
Outpatient HD-MTX with glucarpidase is safe and well-tolerated and has the potential to alter standard treatment for CNS lymphoma.
Automated Tomographic Assessment of Structural Defects of Freeze-Dried Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Müller Patric , Sack Achim , Dümler Jens , Heckel Michael , Wenzel Tim , Siegert Teresa , Schuldt-Lieb Sonja , Gieseler Henning , Pöschel Thorsten 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe topology and surface characteristics of lyophilisates significantly impact the stability and reconstitutability of freeze-dried pharmaceuticals. Consequently, visual quality control of the product is imperative. However, this procedure is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also expensive and prone to errors. In this paper, we present an approach for fully automated, non-destructive inspection of freeze-dried pharmaceuticals, leveraging robotics, computed tomography, and machine learning.
Stability discussion of metal carbonates in aqueous solution: Reactive force field and density functional theory
Authors: Shen Cong , Lin Li , Lan Mu , Chen Xisan , Zhao Wan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The nucleation and precipitation of metal carbonates occupy a crucial position in a wide array of industrial processes, environmental occurrences, and geological formations. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms underlying these processes is paramount for optimizing industrial applications and mitigating environmental impacts. In this study, we embark on an investigation utilizing reactive force field molecular-dynamics simulations to delve deeply into the nucleation and precipitation process of metal carbonates. These simulations provide profound insights into the mechanisms and kinetics governing the process across diverse conditions. Additionally, through density functional theory calculations, we scrutinize the energetic and dynamical stability of highly hydrated amorphous carbonates and hydrate crystals. Our revelations offer illuminating perspectives on the intricate interplay of factors shaping nucleation and precipitation processes, serving as a foundation for future inquiries in this research field.
Health-Care Utilization and Outcomes in Young Adults With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Zenno Anna , Huang Alyssa , Roberts Alissa J , Pihoker Catherine 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Young adulthood can be a challenging time for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) as they experience increasing independence and life transitions, which can make it difficult to engage in DM self care. Compared to older adults, young adults are more likely to have higher glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). They also often have lower adherence to standards of care in DM, and higher utilization of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for diabetic ketoacidosis. This review describes health-care utilization and explores factors that may contribute to high HbA1c among young adults with DM. In addition, it discusses the unique health-care needs of young adults with DM, examines the role of technology in their DM care, and analyzes the effects of social determinants of health on their health-care utilization.