bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and serological responses to a novel Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein 1 (PvMSP-1) derived synthetic peptide: a putative biomarker for malaria exposure
Authors: Marzano-Miranda Aline , Pereira Cardoso-Oliveira Gustavo , Carla de Oliveira Ingrid , Carvalho Mourão Luiza , Reis Cussat Letícia , Gomes Fraga Vanessa , Delfin Chávez Olórtegui Carlos , Jesus Fernandes Fontes Cor , Castanheira Bartholomeu Daniella , Braga Erika M. 
Published: June 2024

Background
The integration of diagnostic methods holds promise for advancing the surveillance of malaria transmission in both endemic and non-endemic regions. Serological assays emerge as valuable tools to identify and delimit malaria transmission, serving as a complementary method to rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and thick smear microscopy. Here, we evaluate the potential of antibodies directed against peptides encompassing the entire amino acid sequence of the PvMSP-1 Sal-I strain as viable serological biomarkers for P. vivax exposure.

Methods
We screened peptides encompassing the complete amino acid sequence of the Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (PvMSP-1) Sal-I strain as potential biomarkers for P. vivax exposure. Here, immunodominant peptides specifically recognized by antibodies from individuals infected with P. vivax were identified using the SPOT-synthesis technique followed by immunoblotting. Two 15-mer peptides were selected based on their higher and specific reactivity in immunoblotting assays. Subsequently, peptides p70 and p314 were synthesized in soluble form using SPPS (Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis) and tested by ELISA (IgG, and subclasses).

Results
This study unveils the presence of IgG antibodies against the peptide p314 in most P. vivax-infected individuals from the Brazilian Amazon region. In silico B-cell epitope prediction further supports the utilization of p314 as a potential biomarker for evaluating malaria transmission, strengthened by its amino acid sequence being part of a conserved block of PvMSP-1. Indeed, compared to patients infected with P. falciparum and uninfected individuals never exposed to malaria, P. vivax-infected patients have a notably higher recognition of p314 by IgG1 and IgG3.
tRNA Processing by Protein‐Only versus RNA‐Based RNase P: Kinetic Analysis Reveals Mechanistic Differences
Authors: Pavlova Liudmila V. , Gößringer Markus , Weber Christoph , Buzet Aurélie , Rossmanith Walter , Hartmann Roland K. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn Arabidopsis thaliana, RNase P function, that is, endonucleolytic tRNA 5′‐end maturation, is carried out by three homologous polypeptides (“proteinaceous RNase P” (PRORP) 1, 2 and 3). Here we present the first kinetic analysis of these enzymes. For PRORP1, a specificity constant (kreact/Km(sto)) of 3×106 M−1 min−1 was determined under single‐turnover conditions. We demonstrate a fundamentally different sensitivity of PRORP enzymes to an Rp‐phosphorothioate modification at the canonical cleavage site in a 5′‐precursor tRNA substrate; whereas processing by bacterial RNase P is inhibited by three orders of magnitude in the presence of this sulfur substitution and Mg2+ as the metal‐ion cofactor, the PRORP enzymes are affected by not more than a factor of five under the same conditions, without significantly increased miscleavage. These findings indicate that the catalytic mechanism utilized by proteinaceous RNase P is different from that of RNA‐based bacterial RNase P, taking place without a direct metal‐ion coordination to the (pro‐)Rp substituent. As Rp‐phosphorothioate and inosine modification at all 26 G residues of the tRNA body had only minor effects on processing by PRORP, we conclude that productive PRORP–substrate interaction is not critically dependent on any of the affected (pro‐)Rp oxygens or guanosine 2‐amino groups.
Solvent‐Catalyzed Ring–Chain–Ring Tautomerization in Axially Chiral Compounds
Authors: Yildirim Asli , Konuklar Fethiye Aylin Sungur , Catak Saron , Van Speybroeck Veronique , Waroquier Michel , Dogan Ilknur , Aviyente Viktorya 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe mechanism of ring–chain–ring tautomerization and the prominent effect of the solvent environment have been computationally investigated in an effort to explain the enantiomeric interconversion observed in 2‐oxazolidinone derivatives, heterocyclic analogues of biphenyl atropisomers, which were isolated as single stable enantiomers and have the potential to be used as axially chiral catalysts. This study has shed light on the identity of the intermediate species involved in the ring–chain–ring tautomerization process as well as the catalytic effect of polar protic solvents. These mechanistic details will prove very useful in predicting and understanding ring–chain tautomeric equilibria in similar heterocyclic systems and will further enable experimentalists to devise appropriate experimental conditions in which axially chiral catalysts remain stable as single enantiomers.
Atomic Dopants Involved in the Structural Evolution of Thermally Graphitized Graphene
Authors: Yoon Yeoheung , Seo Sohyeon , Kim Giyoun , Lee Hyoyoung 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThermally doped nitrogen atoms on the sp2‐carbon network of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) enhance its electrical conductivity. Atomic structural information of thermally annealed graphene oxide (GO) provides an understanding on how the heteroatomic doping could affect electronic property of rGO. Herein, the spectroscopic and microscopic variations during thermal graphitization from 573 to 1 373 K are reported in two different rGO sheets, prepared by thermal annealing of GO (rGOtherm) and post‐thermal annealing of chemically nitrogen‐doped rGO (post‐therm‐rGO). The spectroscopic transitions of rGO in thermal annealing ultimately showed new oxygen‐functional groups, such as cyclic edge ethers and new graphitized nitrogen atoms at 1 373 K. During the graphitization process, the microscopic evolution resolved by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) produced more wrinkled surface morphology with graphitized nanocrystalline domains due to atomic doping of nitrogen on a post‐therm‐rGO sheet. As a result, the post‐therm‐rGO‐containing nitrogen showed a less defected sp2‐carbon network, resulting in enhanced conductivity, whereas the rGOtherm sheet containing no nitrogen had large topological defects on the basal plane of the sp2‐carbon network. Thus, our investigation of the structural evolution of original wrinkles on a GO sheet incorporated into the graphitized N‐doped rGO helps to explain how the atomic doping can enhance the electrical conductivity.
Completion of Guideline‐Recommended Initial Evaluation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Sinner Moritz F. , Greiner Melissa A. , Mi Xiaojuan , Hernandez Adrian F. , Jensen Paul N. , Piccini Jonathan P. , Setoguchi Soko , Walkey Allan J. , Heckbert Susan R. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Curtis Lesley H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground:Guidelines recommend evaluation of cardiac function, valvular and ischemic heart disease, and thyroid, kidney, and liver function on initial diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF).Hypothesis:We hypothesized that initial workup of patients with newly identified AF would vary by age, sex, and burden of comorbid illness.Methods:In a retrospective analysis of a large sample of commercially insured patients 18 to 64 years old (n = 40 245) and a nationally representative 5% cohort of Medicare beneficiaries 65 years or older (n = 204 676), we measured claims for guideline‐recommended services for initial evaluation of AF among patients with a new diagnosis between 2000 and 2008.Results:From 30 days before through 90 days after AF diagnosis, basic evaluation, including physician visit, electrocardiogram, and echocardiography, was completed in up to 66.6% of patients. Completion rates for all guideline‐recommended evaluations were 17.4% in the commercially insured sample and 18.5% in the Medicare cohort in 2007. Evaluation rates increased over time. Blood tests assessing thyroid function were documented for approximately one‐third of patients in each cohort. Increasing the observation period to 1 year before through 3 months after the AF diagnosis markedly increased completion rates, but rates of thyroid function testing remained low (50%–60%). There were minor differences in evaluation completeness by sex, race, and geographic region.Conclusions:Differences in guideline‐recommended evaluation rates by demographic characteristics after a new diagnosis of AF were of minor clinical importance. Basic evaluation had satisfactory completion rates; however, rates of laboratory testing were low.The contents of the manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute or the National Institutes of Health.Damon M. Seils, MA, Duke University, provided editorial assistance and prepared the manuscript. Mr. Seils did not receive compensation for his assistance apart from his employment at the institution where the study was conducted.This work was supported by grants R01HL102214, RC1HL101056, R01HL068986, R01HL092577, and T32HL007‐ 902 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Dr. Sinner was supported by the German Heart Foundation.The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.
Linagliptin monotherapy in type 2 diabetes patients for whom metformin is inappropriate: an 18‐week randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase III trial with a 34‐week active‐controlled extension
Authors: Barnett A. H. , Patel S. , Harper R. , Toorawa R. , Thiemann S. , von Eynatten M. , Woerle H.‐J. 
Published: September 2012

AimsTo investigate the efficacy and safety of linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor, in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients for whom metformin was inappropriate.MethodsThis 1‐year double‐blind study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00740051) enrolled T2DM patients with inadequate glycaemic control, treatment‐naïve [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.0–10.0%] or previously treated with one oral antidiabetes drug (HbA1c 6.5–9.0% before washout), ineligible for metformin because of contraindications (e.g. renal impairment) or previous intolerable side effects. Patients were randomized to monotherapy with linagliptin 5 mg once daily (n = 151) or placebo (n = 76) for 18 weeks, after which placebo patients switched to glimepiride 1–4 mg once daily and treatments continued for another 34 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in HbA1c after 18 weeks (full‐analysis set, last observation carried forward).ResultsAt week 18, adjusted mean difference in change from baseline HbA1c (8.1%) was −0.60% (95% confidence interval −0.88, −0.32; p < 0.0001) (−0.39% with linagliptin, +0.21% with placebo). At week 52, mean HbA1c was decreased from baseline in both groups [linagliptin: −0.44%; placebo/glimepiride: −0.72% (observed cases)]. Adverse events occurred in 40.4 and 48.7% of linagliptin and placebo patients, respectively, during the initial 18 weeks. During the 34‐week extension, patients receiving linagliptin experienced less hypoglycaemia (2.2% vs. 7.8%) and no weight gain (mean change from baseline of −0.2 and +1.3 kg, respectively) compared with glimepiride patients.ConclusionsIn T2DM patients for whom metformin was inappropriate, linagliptin improved glycaemic control and was well tolerated, with less hypoglycaemia and relative weight loss compared with glimepiride.
Eliminating or blocking 12/15-lipoxygenase reduces neutrophil recruitment in mouse models of acute lung injury
Authors: Rossaint Jan , Nadler Jerry L , Ley Klaus , Zarbock Alexander 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common disease in critically ill patients with a high morbidity and mortality. 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) is an enzyme generating 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 15-HETE from arachidonic acid. It has been shown that 12/15-LO is involved in the regulation of vascular permeability during ALI.

Methods
To test whether 12/15-LO participates in leukocyte recruitment into the lung, we investigated the role of 12/15-LO in mouse models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary inflammation and acid-induced ALI, a clinically relevant model of acute lung injury.

Results
The increase in neutrophil recruitment following LPS inhalation was reduced in 12/15-LO-deficient (Alox15
-/-
) mice and in wild-type (WT) mice after the blocking of 12/15-LO with a pharmacological inhibitor. Bone marrow chimeras revealed that 12/15-LO in hematopoietic cells regulates neutrophil accumulation in the interstitial and alveolar compartments, whereas the accumulation of neutrophils in the intravascular compartment is regulated by 12/15-LO in non-hematopoietic and hematopoietic cells. Mechanistically, the increased plasma levels of the chemokine CXCL1 in Alox15
-/-
mice led to a reduced response of the neutrophil chemokine receptor CXCR2 to stimulation with CXCL1, which in turn abrogated neutrophil recruitment. Alox15
-/-
mice also showed decreased edema formation, reduced neutrophil recruitment and improved gas exchange in an acid-induced ALI model.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that 12/15-LO modulates neutrophil recruitment into the lung by regulating chemokine/chemokine receptor homeostasis.
Falcon Temperature Regulation
Authors: Mosher James A. , White Clayton M. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
We measured tarsal and body temperatures of four species of large falcons in relation to rising ambient temperature and found that the tarsus has an apparent thermoregulatory function. Statistical efforts to separate the birds into ecological or plumage types yielded mixed results. An index of tarsal surface area per unit body weight was correlated with the temperature regimens of the birds, with species from the hottest climates having the greatest tarsal index values.
Reproduction and Social Organization of the Black-Capped Donacobius (Donacobius atricapillus) in Southeastern Peru
Authors: Kiltie Richard A. , Fitzpatrick John W. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA color-banded population of Black-capped Donacobius (Donacobius atricapillus) on a Peruvian oxbow lake was studied during one breeding season and censused for 3 yr thereafter. Eighteen territories along a marshy shoreline were occupied by groups of 2-4 donacobius. Each group contained a mated pair and 0-2 helpers, apparently offspring produced during 1-2 preceding breeding seasons. Helpers participated in nest surveillance, territorial displays, and feeding nestlings. Displays occurred at territory boundaries and consisted of loud duetting by the pair or group. Breeding coincided with the rainy months, October through April, and peaked in November-January. Clutch size was always two. Egg and nestling periods each lasted 17-18 days. No correlation was demonstrable between group size and overall fledging success. Trios, however, accounted for all cases in which both young successfully fledged, whereas pairs never fledged more than one young. Annual survivorship of breeding adults averaged 71%. Cooperative breeding in donacobius is associated with limited opportunities for acquiring breeding territories, as in many other cooperative breeders. The relatively short period during which young serve as helpers (and the resulting small family sizes), however, suggests that at other times or places breeding territories are more readily available to young.
Maguari Stork Nesting: Juvenile Growth and Behavior
Authors: Thomas Betsy Trent 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAlthough it has a wide range in tropical South America, the Maguari Stork (Ciconia maguari) is poorly known. In an 11-yr study of its breeding biology in the llanos of Venezuela I found the mean clutch size for 3 yr to be 3.2 eggs. The young hatched asynchronously at 29-32 days and usually made their first flight at 60-72 days. Data on egg sizes, weights, and a probable dump egg are given. The weight and growth of two siblings, plumage succession, and nestling and fledgling behaviors are described. The fledging success of eggs from 55 nests, over 9 yr, was 61%. Loss of eggs (presumably from snake predation) was higher than nestling loss. Although the asynchronously hatched young in a clutch varied greatly in weight and continued this difference throughout nestling life, no case of brood reduction was found in 123 nests during the study. Nestlings were fed mainly frogs and tadpoles, fish, eels, and aquatic rats; food classes and food sizes brought by adults varied with the age of their young. Maguari Stork nestlings do not grasp with their hallux and so are confined to their nests until they can fly. I suggest that the two black plumages of nestlings, between the white hatching down and the white first basic plumage, are for crypsis of the nest-bound young.
Changes in Nutrient Reserves and Organ Size of Female Ruddy Ducks Breeding in Manitoba
Authors: Tome Michael W. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractFemale Ruddy Ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis) were collected at specific stages of reproduction to investigate the role of endogenous nutrients in breeding. Pectoral muscle weight decreased between prelaying and laying, suggesting the transfer of labile protein to the developing reproductive organs. Liver weights peaked during laying, reflecting increased metabolic activity associated with hyperphagia. Body weights increased 123 g (21%) between arrival and prelaying, primarily as a result of the deposition of stored lipids. Between laying and early incubation, body weights declined 145 g (20%), primarily as a result of the regression of the oviduct and lipid loss associated with egg formation. Body weights declined approximately 111 g (18%) during incubation, reflecting the catabolism of lipid reserves to supplement energy requirements not met by foraging during incubation recesses. Dietary intake provides the majority of the energy necessary for incubation, because lipid catabolism supplies only one-fifth of the basal metabolic requirements. Female Ruddy Ducks, therefore, depend almost exclusively upon dietary intake to meet the energy and nutrient requirements of reproduction. This pattern of energy acquisition for and allocation to reproduction differs markedly from that of other small-bodied anatids studied thus far.
Breeding Chronology and Mating System of the Eurasian Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus)
Authors: KÅlÅs John Atle , Byrkjedal Ingvar 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
We studied and color-banded a population of Eurasian Dotterel on a middle alpine breeding ground in southern Norway over 4 yr. Birds arrived paired in mid-May, dispersed onto nesting sites in late May to early June, when 75% of the ground was still covered by snow, and began to lay eggs a few days later. The egg-laying season of the population was long, up to 1 1/2 months. After completion of the earliest clutches, females started to perform display flights, apparently to seek males. The female displaying period lasted until the second week in July, when the females began to form flocks and prebasic molt was in progress. The display period thus covered most of the egg-laying period of the population. Females had a low site tenacity during the season, and evidence for territoriality was found in neither of the sexes. We argue that sequential polyandry is common in this dotterel population.
Continuous glucose monitoring: quality of hypoglycaemia detection
Authors: Zijlstra E. , Heise T. , Nosek L. , Heinemann L. , Heckermann S. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the accuracy of a (widely used) continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)‐system and its ability to detect hypoglycaemic events.MethodsA total of 18 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus used continuous glucose monitoring (Guardian REAL‐Time CGMS) during two 9‐day in‐house periods. A hypoglycaemic threshold alarm alerted patients to sensor readings <70 mg/dl. Continuous glucose monitoring sensor readings were compared to laboratory reference measurements taken every 4 h and in case of a hypoglycaemic alarm.ResultsA total of 2317 paired data points were evaluated. Overall, the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) was 16.7%. The percentage of data points in the clinically accurate or acceptable Clarke Error Grid zones A + B was 94.6%. In the hypoglycaemic range, accuracy worsened (MARD 38.8%) leading to a failure to detect more than half of the true hypoglycaemic events (sensitivity 37.5%). Furthermore, more than half of the alarms that warn patients for hypoglycaemia were false (false alert rate 53.3%). Above the low alert threshold, the sensor confirmed 2077 of 2182 reference values (specificity 95.2%).ConclusionsPatients using continuous glucose monitoring should be aware of its limitation to accurately detect hypoglycaemia.
Brief intervention to prevent hazardous drinking in young people aged 14–15 in a high school setting (SIPS JR-HIGH): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: O’Neil Stephanie , Coulton Simon , Deluca Paolo , Deverill Mark , Drummond Colin , Gilvarry Eilish , Graybill Erin , Harle Christine , Howel Denise , Kaner Eileen , McArdle Paul , McColl Elaine , McGovern Ruth , Speed Chris , Stamp Elaine , Tate Les , Newbury-Birch Dorothy 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background
Whilst the overall proportion of young people drinking alcohol in the United Kingdom has decreased in recent years, those who do drink appear to drink a larger amount, and more frequently. Early and heavy drinking by younger adolescents is a significant public health problem linked to intellectual impairment, increased risk of injuries, mental health issues, unprotected or regretted sexual experience, violence, and sometimes accidental death, which leads to high social and economic costs. This feasibility pilot trial aims to explore the feasibility of delivering brief alcohol intervention in a school setting with adolescents aged 14 and 15 and to examine the acceptability of study measures to school staff, young people and parents.

Methods and design
Seven schools across one geographical area in the North East of England will be recruited. Schools will be randomly allocated to one of three conditions: provision of an advice leaflet (control condition, n = 2 schools); a 30-minute brief interactive session, which combines structured advice and motivational interviewing techniques delivered by the school learning mentor (level 1 condition, n = 2 schools); and a 60-minute session involving family members delivered by the school learning mentor (level 2 condition, n = 3 schools). Participants will be year 10 school pupils (aged 14 and 15) who screen positively on a single alcohol screening question and who consent to take part in the trial. Year 10 pupils in all seven schools will be followed up at 6 and 12 months. Secondary outcome measures include the ten-question Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test. The EQ-5D-Y and a modified short service use questionnaire will inform the health and social resource costs for any future economic evaluation.
Young people recruited into the trial will also complete a 28-day timeline follow back questionnaire at 12-month follow-up. A qualitative evaluation (with young people, school staff, learning mentors, and parents) will examine facilitators and barriers to the use of screening and brief intervention approaches in the school setting in this age group.

Trial registration
Trial reference number ISRCTN07073105