bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Comprehensive Approach — Doctrinal Overview and Swedish Leadership Implications at the Operative and Tactical Level
Authors: Ohlsson Alicia , Wallenius Claes , Larsson Gerry 
Published: November 2014

This article is built upon a doctrinal and literature review of comprehensive approach (ca) concepts and the larger international actors that currently use them, such as the un, eu and nato. It also focuses on how small actors, such as Sweden, can contribute within this collaborative framework. There is a focus on possible leadership challenges and suggestions of individual characteristics that would be desirable to handle these types of challenges. Examples of leadership challenges from Swedish informants were used to enrich the text from a Swedish perspective.The findings can be summarized with the following:

(1)
The un, eu and nato differ on how far they have developed ca core conceptual documents and to what levels they have implemented the approach within their international missions.

(2)
Sweden does not currently have a comprehensive approach of its own but seems to be headed in that direction. Small actors, such as Sweden, can mainly contribute to the larger actors with “plug-in” capabilities.

(3)
Possible challenges and competencies were identified and compared to the current leadership model used for the Swedish Armed Forces, Developmental Leadership.

Our analysis indicates that although the current theoretical model of the Swedish Armed Forces holds up well to several ca factors, it could benefit to incorporate new concepts within the model that were identified as specific to a comprehensive approach context.
Idea nowego początku w słowackich wizjach dziejów z połowy XIX wieku
Authors: Kobylińska Anna 
Published: November 2014

The idea of new beginning in the Slovak vision of history from the mid-19th centuryThe point of this paper is to show that the idea of new beginning was clearly present in mid-19th century Slovak literature. This idea became the means of conveying revisions of Slovak history. It was also a sign of a deep cultural change, resulting from factors including secularisation and the influence of nationalist ideology. The direction of change can be observed in selected works by Janko Kráľ, Viliam Pauliny-Tóth, and Jonáš Záborský. These writers challenge the optimistic view of the world by seeing in it a fundamental mistake that needs to be corrected. They propose correcting the myth of origin (Christian, national), but on the basis of a hermetic paradigm (magic and/or gnosis). Thus they create a false dimension of transcendence that becomes the foundation of the “new era”. Idea nowego początku w słowackich wizjach dziejów z połowy XIX wiekuArtykuł poświęcony jest kwestii obecności w literaturze słowackiej idei nowego początku, wyraźnie pojawiającej się w historiozoficznych projektach z połowy XIX wieku. Choć w kulturze słowackiej idea ta pojawia się w obszarze oddziaływania idei odrodzeniowej, w istocie niesie ze sobą alternatywne treści. Będąc znakiem głębokich zmian kulturowych związanych m.in. z sekularyzacją i nasilaniem się tendencji nacjonalistycznych, idea nowego początku w kontekście słowackim staje się nośnikiem znaczeń rewizyjnych, a zarazem kamieniem węgielnym modernistas. Różne jej warianty odnaleźć możemy w wybranych utworach Janka Kráľa, Viliama Pauliny-Tótha, Jonáša Záborskiego. Wskazani pisarze, zakwestionowawszy optymistyczną wizję świata, zaproponwali nowe warianty mitu początku (chrześcijańskiego, narodowego) oparte na paradygmacie hermetycznym (magicznym i/lub gnostycznym). Wykreowany przez nich nowy początek okazuje się jednakże ofiarować fałszywy wymiar transcendencji. Sam w sobie wykazuje cechy eklektycznej ideowej hybrydy, znamionuje podmiotowość jeszcze słabo ukonstytuowaną, lecz wyraźnie aspirującą do zmiany swego statusu ontologicznego.
Początek końca demonów zgody. Słowackie rozrachunki z ideologizacją kultury
Authors: Goszczyńska Joanna 
Published: November 2014

The beginning of the end of the demons of consent. Coming to terms with ideologisation in Slovak cultureThe first part of the article focuses on demonstrating the process of ideologisation in Slovak culture after 1948, i.e. after the beginning of communist rule. This reveals the initial fascination with the idea of communism among the creative community and its gradual enslavement. Additionally, on the one hand it examines the results of repressive measures of power, and on the other it looks at conformist intellectual circles. The second half discusses how Dominik Tatarka, a leading Slovak intellectual, deals with the mechanisms of cultural ideologisation and writers’ attitudes, which concluded in his fictional-political-autobiographical novel Demon of Consent (Démon súhlasu). This work reveals the writer’s strategy to show how the experience of totalitarianism fits with the concept of biblical eschatology. The writer does not, however, ignore the different idealised communist conceptualisations of the era, and often incorporates and combines visions of the tragic, ironic and sometimes grotesque. Finally, the article also takes into account the wider context of the writer’s changes in attitude and their consequences. Początek końca demonów zgody. Słowackie rozrachunki z ideologizacją kulturyPierwsza część artykułu koncentruje się na pokazaniu przebiegu procesu ideologizacji kultury słowackiej po roku 1948, czyli po przejęciu władzy przez komunistów. Odsłania początkowe fascynacje środowiska twórczego ideą komunizmu i stopniowe jego zniewalanie, będące rezultatem z jednej strony represyjnych posunięć władzy, z drugiej zaś – konformizmu środowisk intelektualnych. Druga część pokazuje rozrachunek jednego z czołowych słowackich intelektualistów, Dominika Tatarki, z mechanizmami ideologizacji kultury oraz postawami pisarzy, zawarty w jego fantastyczno-polityczno-autobiograficznej noweli Demon zgody (Démon súhlasu). Odsłonięta zostaje strategia pisarza, który doświadczenie totalitaryzmu wpisuje w horyzont eschatologiczno-biblijny. Nie rezygnuje przy tym z różnych konceptualizacji zideologizowanej rzeczywistości okresu komunizmu, przeplatając wizję tragiczną z ujęciem ironicznym, miejscami groteskowym. Artykuł uwzględnia też szerszy kontekst przemian postaw pisarza i ich konsekwencji.
Vascular surgeries in West Africa: Challenges and prospects
Authors: Edaigbini Sunday A , Delia Ibrahim Z , Aminu Muhammad B , Bosan Istifanus B , Ibrahim Abdulrasheed , Anumenechi Ndubuisi 
Published: November 2014

Background The field of vascular surgery is evolving in sub-Saharan Africa but the practice is bedeviled by lack of expertise and infrastructure challenges. The consequences are a low volume of operations and a dearth of data. Available data are not representative of the wider picture, therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the practice of vascular surgery in a tertiary institution, in the light of the prevailing challenges. Methods Data from all patients with vascular-related pathologies managed in our surgical outpatient clinic and accident and emergency wards were obtained from the clinic and in-patient records from January 2008 to December 2012. Age, sex, diagnosis, treatment, and complications were noted. There were 73 patients comprising 45 (61.6%) males and 28 (38.4%) females. The age range was 1–90 years (mean 43.5 years). Results The pathologies managed included end-stage renal disease ( n = 36, 49.3%), nontraumatic and posttraumatic aneurysms ( n = 13, 17.8%), vascular trauma ( n = 12, 16.4%), peripheral vascular disease ( n = 5, 6.9%), congenital vascular malformations ( n = 4, 5.5%), and thrombotic diseases ( n = 3, 4.1%). Fifty-four (74.0%) surgeries were performed, with a complication rate of 5.5% and 2.7% mortality. Conclusions The practice of vascular surgery in Zaria, Nigeria, is fraught with challenges. The gap created by the dearth of skilled vascular surgeons is filled by competent cardiothoracic surgeons. Infrastructure decay and lack of prostheses limit the number and variety of operable cases. These challenges result in preventable morbidity and mortality.
Cross-sectional study on heredity and venous disorders: the end of the dominant maternal heredity dogma?
Authors: Crebassa V , Roucaute T , Guex JJ , Allaert FA 
Published: November 2014

Objective To evaluate the heredity factor of the chronic venous disorders and odds ratio linked to maternal or paternal heredity. Methods Cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted in daily practice of medical practitioners on all patients consulting them. The practitioners described the venous status of all patients consulting them and recorded the familial past history of venous disease. Results Among 21319 patients, 60.4% have a familial history of chronic venous disorder: unilateral paternal 7.5%, unilateral maternal 40.9% and bilateral: 12.0%. Chronic venous disorder prevalence is 58.8% in the global population, 38.2% in the absence of parental history, 67.0% for unilateral paternal, 71.3% for unilateral maternal and 79.2% for bilateral ( p < 0.0001). After adjustment on age and sex, results show significant ( p < 0.0001) odds ratio of 3.2 for unilateral paternal, of 3.4 for unilateral maternal and of 5.6 for a history in both parents. In the context of a history in both parents, the odds ratio increased to 5.6 for women and 8.4 for men. Conclusion This large cross-sectional study confirms the association between heredity and venous disease, but its results could call into question the maternal predominant character of the chronic venous disorder heredity.
Preface
Authors: Reio Thomas G. , Nimon Kim , Shuck Brad 
Published: November 2014

The Problem Increasingly sophisticated research designs and methods are required to support research and theory building in the social sciences. This is particularly true in human resource development (HRD) as it continues to emerge as a field grounded in the application of theory to practice. Too often, best decision practices regarding the accurate use of advanced statistical tools needed for finer-grained analyses are not followed that can become problematic for theory generation and theory building. The Solution The individual contributions in this issue begin to address part of the knowledge gap in the social sciences and HRD about how to correctly apply cutting-edge quantitative data-analytic techniques to answer research questions and test hypotheses. The new knowledge gained from the testing and validating of theory through these quantitative means could be used, in turn, to support additional theory building. Care has been taken to link each data-analytic technique to possible theory-building efforts, research, and practice. The Stakeholders Researchers and practitioners in the field of HRD may gain from using best quantitative statistical practices to more accurately generate and build theory, guide empirical research, and inform organizational practice. Researchers from other social science disciplines such as industrial-organizational psychology, human resource management, and adult education could benefit from this special issue on quantitative data-analytic techniques and their use as methods to support theory building as well.
Methods for Analysis of Social Networks Data in HRD Research
Authors: Yamkovenko Bogdan , Hatala John Paul 
Published: November 2014

The Problem Many phenomena in human resource development (HRD) research unfold in the social context. Most of the variables HRD researchers study, even if these are individual-level variables, are inevitably affected by the formal and informal network of actors in which an individual finds oneself. This relational influence is commonly ignored in studies of performance, learning, change, and other questions. The Solution Social networks analysis (SNA) is a methodology that makes it possible to take the relational aspect into account. It allows researchers to model the social capital of an actor and examine how connectivity and position in the network interacts with or influences important outcomes. The Stakeholders Researchers in the field of HRD will be able to uncover a wealth of new information and gain a new perspective by including SNA in their toolkit. This article provides the researchers with an introduction to the methods and provides suggestions for their application.
Digital Fillet Flaps
Authors: Schade Valerie L. 
Published: November 2014

Digital fillet flaps have a consistent vascular supply and provide durable soft-tissue coverage. Despite their readily available nature, their use in the foot remains limited. This systematic review was undertaken to determine the size defect that could be covered, the potential postoperative complications, and the durability of a digital fillet flap. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they involved use of the entire digit for soft-tissue coverage of defects of any etiology, reported complications, and had any length of follow-up time. A total of 9 studies met all the inclusion criteria, for a total of 34 patients with a combined mean age of 47.1 years and a combined mean follow-up time of 9.3 months. Complications consisted of continued infection and partial or total necrosis of the flap. Digital fillet flaps were able to cover defects up to a combined mean size of 15.6 cm2. Coverage was found to be best for forefoot ulcerations. The flaps had limited donor site morbidity and provided full coverage of exposed vital and osseous structures that was able to withstand forces applied during weight bearing, The procedure is simple and straightforward, reducing operating time and the need for more complex soft-tissue reconstructive procedures. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Systematic review
Activating STAT6 mutations in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Yildiz Mehmet , Li Hongxiu , Bernard Denzil , Amin Nisar A. , Ouillette Peter , Jones Siân , Saiya-Cork Kamlai , Parkin Brian , Jacobi Kathryn , Shedden Kerby , Wang Shaomeng , Chang Alfred E. , Kaminski Mark S. , Malek Sami N. 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
FL-associated STAT6 mutations hyperactivate the IL-4/JAK/STAT6 axis.
Ex vivo fucosylation of third-party human regulatory T cells enhances anti–graft-versus-host disease potency in vivo
Authors: Parmar Simrit , Liu Xiaoying , Najjar Amer , Shah Nina , Yang Hong , Yvon Eric , Rezvani Katy , McNiece Ian , Zweidler-McKay Patrick , Miller Leonard , Wolpe Steve , Blazar Bruce R. , Shpall Elizabeth J. 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
Fucosylated Tregs persist for a longer time in vivo. Fucosylated Tregs are able to prevent GVHD at a lower cell dose compared with untreated Tregs.
Coupled nanowire-based hybrid plasmonic nanocavities on thin substrates
Authors: Cheng Pi-Ju , Chiang Chih-Kai , Chung Yi-Cheng , Tien Chung-Hao , Lin Tzy-Rong 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Abstract
We theoretically analyze nanowire-based hybrid plasmonic nanocavities on thin substrates at visible wavelengths. In the presence of thin suspended substrates, the hybrid plasmonic modes, formed by the coupling between a metal nanowire and a dielectric nanowire with optical gain, exhibit negligible substrate-mediated characteristics and overlap better with the gain region. Consequently, the confinement factor of the guided hybrid modes is enhanced by more than 42%. However, the presence of significant mirror loss remains the main challenge to lasing. By adding silver coatings with a sufficient thickness range on the two end facets, we show that the reflectivity is substantially enhanced to above 50%. For a coating thickness of 50 nm and cavity length of about 4 μ m, the quality factor is above 100.
The research for protecting location privacy based on V-W algorithm
Authors: Fan Xinyue , Tu Jing , Ye Chaolong , Zhou Fei 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
With the development of mobile internet, protecting location privacy has already been an important issue. Based on previous studies and the drawback of traditional algorithms, the paper proposes a novel algorithm for protecting location privacy. The algorithm is based on the voronoi map of a road network, considers the problem of side-weight inference, and utilizes the information entropy as metrics. Meanwhile, the algorithm can defense the attack of side-weight inference and replay. Lastly, we verified the algorithm based on the real data of the road network. Results of experiences show that the improved algorithm has the better performance on some key performance metrics.
Characteristics of Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons Sensitive to Substance P
Authors: Moraes Eder Ricardo , Kushmerick Christopher , Naves Ligia Araujo 
Published: November 2014

Background: Substance P modulates ion channels and the excitability of sensory neurons in pain pathways. Within the heterogeneous population of Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) primary sensory neurons, the properties of cells that are sensitive to Substance P are poorly characterized. To define this population better, dissociated rat DRG neurons were tested for their responsiveness to capsaicin, ATP and acid. Responses to ATP were classified according to the kinetics of current activation and desensitization. The same cells were then tested for modulation of action potential firing by Substance P. Results: Acid and capsaicin currents were more frequently encountered in the largest diameter neurons. P2×3-like ATP currents were concentrated in small diameter neurons. Substance P modulated the excitability in 20 of 72 cells tested (28%). Of the Substance P sensitive cells, 10 exhibited an increase in excitability and 10 exhibited a decrease in excitability. There was no significant correlation between sensitivity to capsaicin and to Substance P. Excitatory effects of Substance P were strongly associated with cells that had large diameters, fired APs with large overshoots and slowly decaying after hyperpolarizations, and expressed acid currents at pH 7. No neurons that were excited by Substance P presented P2×3-like currents. In contrast, neurons that exhibited inhibitory effects of Substance P fired action potentials with rapidly decaying after hyperpolarizations. Conclusion: We conclude that excitatory effects of Substance P are restricted to a specific neuronal subpopulation with limited expression of putative nociceptive markers.
Return on investment of apprenticeship systems for enterprises: Evidence from cost-benefit analyses
Authors: Muehlemann Samuel , Wolter Stefan C 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A firm’s decision to engage in apprenticeship training is to a large extent determined by the cost-benefit ratio of such an investment compared to other alternatives of securing skilled workers. Empirical evidence shows that in a well-functioning apprenticeship training system, a large share of training firms can recoup their training investments by the end of the training period. As training firms often succeed in retaining the most suitable apprentices, offering apprenticeships is an attractive strategy to recruit their future skilled work force. In addition – as long as skills are standardised and nationally certified – those apprentices leaving the training firm after graduation ensure that other firms can recruit a sufficient number of skilled workers from the labour market. Firms themselves can influence the cost-benefit ratio of training to some extent, but an equally important or even bigger part of this ratio is determined by public policy: the educational system, training regulations and labour market institutions. To assess the efficacy and efficiency of such framework conditions in regard to the apprenticeship training system, their impact on the cost-benefit ratio of training for firms needs to be assessed ex ante as well as ex post. Unfortunately, so far only two countries (Germany and Switzerland) provide representative and periodic data on the costs and benefits of apprenticeship training that are suitable for such an analysis. Given the importance of adequate data to guide public policy, there is first of all a need for a stronger investment in data collection and data analyses.

JEL-Codes

I2, J24, J31.
Clinical usefulness of dopamine transporter SPECT imaging with
123I-FP-CIT in patients with possible dementia with Lewy
bodies: Randomised study
Authors: Walker Zuzana , Moreno Emilio , Thomas Alan , Inglis Fraser , Tabet Naji , Rainer Michael , Pizzolato Gilberto , Padovani Alessandro 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is underrecognised in clinical
settings.AimsTo investigate whether performing a 123I-ioflupane injection
(123I-FP-CIT also called DaTSCANTM) single
photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan in patients with
possible DLB would lead to a more certain diagnosis (probable DLB or
non-DLB dementia).MethodWe randomised 187 patients with possible DLB 2:1 to have a scan or not
(control group). The outcome measure was a change in diagnosis to
probable DLB or non-DLB.ResultsThere were 56 controls and 114 scanned patients, of whom 43% had an
abnormal scan. More patients in the imaging group had a change in
diagnosis compared with controls at 8 and 24 weeks (61%
(n = 70) v. 4% (n =
2) and 71% (n = 77) v. 16%
(n = 9); both P<0.0001).
Clinicians were more likely to change the diagnosis if the scan was
abnormal (82%) than if it was normal (46%).ConclusionsImaging significantly contributed to a more certain diagnosis, proving to
be a useful adjunct in the work-up of patients with possible DLB.
A poem on the refortification of Dorylaion in 1175
Authors: SPINGOU Foteini 
Published: November 2014

<!--StartFragment--><p style="line-height: 150%" class="MsoNormal"><!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Cambria; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:85; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:129 0 0 0 8 0;} @font-face {font-family:Gentium; panose-1:2 0 5 3 6 0 0 2 0 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:131 0 0 0 9 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family:Gentium; mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Gentium; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} @page Section1 {size:595.0pt 842.0pt; margin:62.35pt 89.85pt 62.35pt 89.85pt; mso-header-margin:25.5pt; mso-footer-margin:25.5pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --></p><p> In the summer/autumn of 1175, Manuel Komnenos (1143-1180) undertook the rebuilding of Dorylaion, one of the major <em>aplekta</em> in Asia Minor. For this occasion a poem was written. The strong acquaintance of the poet with the conventions of court literature, the occasional content of the poem and its panegyric character, suggest that the text was written for a small ceremony which took place at Dorylaion. The author is probably an anonymous professional court poet who accompanied Manuel in his expedition. The authorship is further discussed since the manuscript tradition might suggest that John Tzetzes was the author. After a close look at the language, style and metre of the poem, this identification is excluded. In 1908, Spyridon Lambros published the poem on the basis of manuscript <em>Barocci 194</em> (fifteenth century) of the Bodleian Library. This study re-edits the poem on the basis of two more manuscripts: manuscript <em>Parisinus Graecus 2644</em> (late thirteenth century) of the Bibliothèque Nationale and <em>Auctarium T.1.10</em> of the Bodleian Library (sixteenth century). The history of each manuscript is analysed and the relation between them examined. It is established that the <em>Auctarium</em> is a direct copy from the Parisian manuscript. The metrical analysis of the poem follows and special textual problems are discussed. Finally, the translation of the original text is provided. </p><p> </p><p> </p>