bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
k‐strong privacy for radio frequency identification authentication protocols based on physically unclonable functions
Authors: Kardaş Süleyman , Çelik Serkan , Bingöl Muhammed Ali , Kiraz Mehmet Sabi̇r , Demirci Hüseyin , Levi Albert 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper examines Vaudenay's privacy model, which is one of the first and most complete privacy models that featured the notion of different privacy classes. We enhance this model by introducing two new generic adversary classes, k‐strong and k‐forward adversaries where the adversary is allowed to corrupt a tag at most k times. Moreover, we introduce an extended privacy definition that also covers all privacy classes of Vaudenay's model. In order to achieve highest privacy level, we study low cost primitives such as physically unclonable functions (PUFs). The common assumption of PUFs is that their physical structure is destroyed once tampered. This is an ideal assumption because the tamper resistance depends on the ability of the attacker and the quality of the PUF circuits. In this paper, we have weakened this assumption by introducing a new definition k‐resistant PUFs. k‐PUFs are tamper resistant against at most k attacks; that is, their physical structure remains still functional and correct until at most kth physical attack. Furthermore, we prove that strong privacy can be achieved without public‐key cryptography using k PUF‐based authentication. We finally prove that our extended proposal achieves both reader authentication and k‐strong privacy. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reverse Micellar Encapsulation of d‐ and l‐Enantiomers of Some Aromatic α‐Amino Acids and Nucleobases by Glucose‐Derived Non‐ionic Gemini Surfactants in Neat n‐Hexane
Authors: Sharma Lalit , Saroj  , Singh Nirmal 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNovel carbohydrate‐based non‐ionic gemini surfactants consisting of two sugar head groups, two hydrophobic tails having chain lengths of C12, C14, and C16 and a flexible –(CH2)6– spacer were synthesized and investigated for their reverse micellar encapsulation properties. The head groups of the geminis comprise glucose entities (with reducing function blocked in a cyclic acetal group) connected through C‐6 to tertiary amines. These surfactants were explored for reverse micellar encapsulation of d‐ and l‐enantiomers of aromatic α‐amino acids viz. histidine (His), phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) in neat n‐hexane. Similar studies were carried out for encapsulation of nucleobases viz. adenine (Ade), guanine (Gua), thymine (Thy), cytosine (Cyt) and Uracil (Ura). Reverse micellar studies revealed that aromatic α‐amino acids were encapsulated in the sequence His>Tyr>Phe>Trp. In most cases, a difference in the degree of encapsulation of d‐ and l‐enantiomers of aromatic amino acids in reverse micellar phases of gemini amphiphiles in neat n‐hexane, was revealed. For Tyr, l‐enantiomer was better encapsulated than its antipode, i.e., d‐enantiomer but for Trp, d‐enantiomer was better encapsulated then l‐enantiomer. In the case of nucleobases, Ura was found selectively encapsulated by reverse micelles formed by these new amphiphiles.
Minimierung der krestalen Knochenresorption
Authors: Schwarz F. 
Published: June 2014

ZusammenfassungKrestale Knochenresorptionen können als physiologische Adaptation nach einer Implantatinsertion definiert werden. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden zahlreiche beeinflussende lokale Faktoren identifiziert, mit dem Ziel diese Remodellationsvorgänge zu minimieren. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer systematischen Literaturanalyse zum Einfluss der Implantat-Abutment-Konfiguration, der Positionierung des maschinierten Halsbereichs und der Implantatschulter sowie die hieraus ableitbaren praktischen Empfehlungen einer Konsensuskonferenz dargestellt.
RETRACTED: Pregnancy outcomes of expectant management of stable mild to moderate chronic hypertension as compared with planned delivery
Authors: Hamed Hossam O. , Alsheeha Muneera A. , Abu‐Elhasan Ahmad M. , Abd Elmoniem Alaa E. , Kamal Manal M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo compare outcomes between elective delivery at 37 weeks of pregnancy and expectant management among pregnant women with mild to moderate chronic hypertension.MethodsIn a two‐center study, 76 women with mild to moderate chronic hypertension were randomly allocated to planned delivery at 37 completed weeks (group A) or expectant management for spontaneous onset of labor or reaching 41 weeks (group B) between April 2012 and October 2013. Differences were compared by t test, χ2 test, or Fisher exact test. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CIs) were determined.ResultsThere were no differences in superimposed pre‐eclampsia (SPE), severe hypertension, preterm delivery, placental abruption, oligohydramnios, intrauterine growth restriction, or perinatal mortality between the groups. Group B had higher gestational age at delivery (P = 0.001) and birth weight (P = 0.01), but lower cesarean (OR 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2–10.3; P = 0.03) and neonatal care unit admission (OR 5.4; 95% CI, 1.4–21.0; P = 0.01) rates. More women with SPE were diagnosed before than after 37 weeks in group B (P = 0.01). Overall, patients who developed SPE had more adverse pregnancy outcomes than those who did not.ConclusionMild to moderate chronic hypertension could be managed expectantly up to 41 weeks if SPE did not develop.
A new understanding of the relationship between sugars, dental caries and fluoride use: implications for limits on sugars consumption
Authors: Sheiham Aubrey , James W Philip T 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the quantitative relationship between sugar intake and the progressive development of dental caries.DesignA critical in-depth review of international studies was conducted. Methods included reassessing relevant studies from the most recent systematic review on the relationship between levels of sugars and dental caries. Reanalysis of dose–response relationships between dietary sugars and caries incidence in teeth with different levels of caries susceptibility in children was done using data from Japanese studies conducted by Takeuchi and co-workers.SettingGlobal, with emphasis on marked differences in both national sugar intake and fluoride use and preferably where one factor such as sugar intake changed progressively without changes in other factors over a decade or more.SubjectsChildren aged 6 years or more and adults.ResultsCaries occurred in both resistant and susceptible teeth of children when sugar intakes were only 2–3 % of energy intake, provided that the teeth had been exposed to sugars for >3 years. Despite increased enamel resistance after tooth eruption, there was a progressive linear increase in caries throughout life, explaining the higher rates of caries in adults than in children. Fluoride affects progression of caries development but there still is a pandemic prevalence of caries in populations worldwide.ConclusionsPrevious analyses based on children have misled public health analyses on sugars. The recommendation that sugar intakes should be ≤10 % of energy intake is no longer acceptable. The much greater adult burden of dental caries highlights the need for very low sugar intakes throughout life, e.g. 2–3 % of energy intake, whether or not fluoride intake is optimum.
Visual account of protein investment in cellular functions
Authors: Liebermeister Wolfram , Noor Elad , Flamholz Avi , Davidi Dan , Bernhardt Jörg , Milo Ron 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Proteins, which constitute roughly half of the cell dry mass, are extremely diverse. By counting the protein copy number of each gene in the genome, we obtain the proteome—a comprehensive picture of a cell's biochemical machinery. The proteome reflects physiology, structure, metabolic capacities, and many other aspects of the cell's lifestyle. Here, we visualize quantitative proteome data using a graphical tool we call proteomaps, where proteins are shown as polygons whose sizes indicate the abundances. Proteins involved in similar cellular functions are arranged in adjacent locations, creating regions whose areas give insight into the relative investment in each functional class. Proteins or protein classes that dominate the proteomap indicate demanding cellular processes and promising targets for further research.
Multiplex genome editing by natural transformation
Authors: Dalia Ankur B. , McDonough EmilyKate , Camilli Andrew 
Published: June 2014

SignificanceThe ability to generate mutants is essential in microbiology research. Although methods have been developed for making defined single mutations in bacterial genomes, methods for simultaneously generating multiple defined mutations (i.e., multiplex genome editing) have been limited to model species such asEscherichia coli. Diverse microbial species have the ability to take up exogenous DNA naturally and integrate it into their genome, a process known as “natural transformation.” Although natural transformation has been exploited for making single mutations, it has not been used previously for multiplex genome editing. Here, we describe multiplex genome editing by natural transformation and demonstrate the utility of this method in two naturally competent microbial species. This method should be broadly applicable for diverse research applications.
Protons are a neurotransmitter that regulates synaptic plasticity in the lateral amygdala
Authors: Du Jianyang , Reznikov Leah R. , Price Margaret P. , Zha Xiang-ming , Lu Yuan , Moninger Thomas O. , Wemmie John A. , Welsh Michael J. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Synaptic transmission involves the release of neurotransmitters that activate receptors on postsynaptic cells. The results reveal that protons fulfill the criteria for a neurotransmitter and that they activate postsynaptic acid-sensing ion channels. This activity facilitates synaptic plasticity, a requirement for learning and memory in the amygdala.
A spatially nonselective baseline signal in parietal cortex reflects the probability of a monkey’s success on the current trial
Authors: Zhang Mingsha , Wang Xiaolan , Goldberg Michael E. 
Published: June 2014

SignificanceCortical neurons are often active when they are not participating in sensorimotor processes. Here we show that this baseline activity reflects a modulatory signal predicting the monkey’s success on a difficult task without specifying what the monkey perceives or will do. The activity correlates inversely with the monkey’s recent history of success, so that a period of failure is associated with an increase in the baseline and predicts an increase in the monkey’s likelihood of success. The activity is not related to the spatial locus of the monkey’s visual attention. We suggest that this activity is the cortical manifestation of an arousal or state process that controls the efficiency of an animal’s behavior without specifying the nature of that behavior.
Way-finding in displaced clock-shifted bees proves bees use a cognitive map
Authors: Cheeseman James F. , Millar Craig D. , Greggers Uwe , Lehmann Konstantin , Pawley Matthew D. M. , Gallistel Charles R. , Warman Guy R. , Menzel Randolf 
Published: June 2014

SignificanceThe question of the computational capacities of the brains of widely separated genera of animals is of interest to behavioral biologists, comparative psychologists, computational neuroscientists, philosophers of mind, and—we believe—much of the scientific community. Half a century ago, the claim that any nonhuman animal had a cognitive map was deeply controversial. If true, it greatly favored a computational theory of mind, as opposed to an antirepresentational behaviorist theory. Now that it is well established by behavioral and neurobiological evidence that rodents have a metric cognitive map, the question of whether insects do is a frontier question, the answer to which has broad implications in several disciplines.
Resolution of Maxwell's fisheye with an optimal active drain
Authors: Tyc Tomáš , Danner Aaron 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
We analyse the resolution of Maxwell's fisheye in terms of the efficiency with which a pulse emitted from one point (source) can be absorbed at another point (drain) that is slightly displaced from the position of the image of the source. The drain is active and is designed to absorb the maximum possible amount of energy emitted by the source. Based on the size of the area where the energy can be absorbed efficiently, we address the question of whether such an active drain can provide subwavelength resolution and show that the answer is negative because this area is diffraction limited. We support our theoretical results with numerical simulations.
Climate Change and Agriculture
Authors: Watson Derrill D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractComplementarities between improving agricultural production, adapting to climate change, and reducing poverty are likely to increase with climate change. Thus, the worse you believe the effects of climate change will be, the more valuable it will be to invest in sustainable agriculture and poverty reduction. Agriculture will better support climate goals to the extent that externalities are internalized by market participants through a set of policies termed full-costing. Even though global full-costing may be out of reach for technical, practical, and political reasons, this chapter illustrates that numerous options exist to bring agricultural policies closer to socially optimal values.
The Victorians, Sex, and Gender
Authors: Heilmann Ann , Llewellyn Mark 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of changes and cultural shifts around questions of gender and sexuality in the Victorian period. Against a backdrop of change and dissonance, the Victorians saw considerable upheaval across normative codes of social, sexual, and gendered behaviour. In this chapter, we want to look at some current themes in Victorian studies around the topics of gender and sexuality and place these into the contexts of the multiple cultural frameworks, identities, and discourses on rights that circulated in the period. Tracing the approaches of both the Victorians and contemporary Victorianists, the essay ranges from key issues of contention relating to female sexuality through legal rights for women to new debates around masculinity and male identity. At the end we highlight emerging trends in contemporary Victorian studies and some remaining untapped sources of enquiry.
History of Qualitative Research in American Music Education
Authors: Conway Colleen M. , West Chad 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This chapter provides a historical backdrop for qualitative research in American music education research publications by exploring how qualitative research has evolved in music education and illustrating the experiences of early qualitative researchers in music education. After a brief discussion of the general history of qualitative research, including mention of key publications contributing to the emergence of qualitative research in general education, the chapter discusses qualitative sightings in the 1992 Handbook of Research on Music Teaching and Learning and the 2002 New Handbook of Research on Music Teaching and Learning. It concludes by presenting insights from several early qualitative researchers in the music education field regarding (a) their early experiences conducting and publishing qualitative research, (b) planning and implementation of University of Illinois Qualitative Research Conferences in 1994 and 1996, and (c) experiences of University of Illinois Qualitative Research Conference speakers and participants.
Epistemology and Qualitative Research in Music Education
Authors: Allsup Randall Everett 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This chapter investigates the evolution of three prevailing epistemological fields of thought in the twentieth and early twenty-first-century: positivism, structuralism, and post-structuralism. Educational psychologist Jerome Bruner’s career-long interest in the mind and his changing attitudes and interests in knowledge and knowledge-making serve as an explicative for the changes that have taken place. A point is emphasized throughout: beliefs about knowledge and the mind shape and inform the questions researchers ask and the methods of investigation researchers choose to employ. Exemplifying this point, the chapter embraces a vision of research that is congruent with the diversity and fragmentation of contemporary society and alternative ways of knowing and being.
Changing the Conversation
Authors: Robinson Mitchell 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The establishment of criteria for quality in qualitative research in music education has existed as a thorny issue within the profession for many years. The range of opinions and beliefs concerning “goodness” criteria for qualitative research is vast, and encompasses multiple belief systems, paradigm orientations, and research stances. The purpose of this chapter is to briefly review the conversation in the profession with respect to establishing and modifying evaluative criteria in qualitative research over the past several decades, provide alternative approaches to considering issues of evaluation in qualitative inquiry in music education, and extend the conversation to consider the profession’s future as a research community.
Doing Ethnography in Music Education
Authors: Krueger Patti J. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Ethnography is a relatively recent form of inquiry in music education research in the United States that describes, analyzes, and helps one understand a particular culture. This chapter explores the process of doing ethnography in schools and in music education research. The chapter defines and describes ethnographic methodologies in education, including theoretical framework, participant observation, and data collection, and discusses the potential for ethnographic methods to contribute information and insights in music education research. Finally, the chapter looks at several examples of how ethnography is used in music education literature from the 1980s to the present, and explores the benefits and contributions of ethnography for music education research.
Practitioner Inquiry
Authors: Robbins Janet 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Practitioner inquiry is a form of systematic and intentional inquiry conducted by teachers using their classrooms as settings to study their own practice and students’ learning. This chapter takes an expanded view of practitioner inquiry to include multiple traditions of action research, teacher research, self-study, and communities of practice. A general overview of the defining qualities of each tradition lays the foundation for an examination of illustrative studies in music education conducted by P-12 teachers, graduate students, and teacher educators. This chapter concludes with a discussion of several common critiques of practitioner inquiry, along with suggestions for ways to move the work of researching teachers from the margins to the mainstream of music education research and practice.
Conducting and Analyzing Individual Interviews
Authors: Roulston Kathryn 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This chapter reviews the different types of individual interview used in music education research. Topics include issues in research design using interviews, sampling and recruitment, and transcription practices. Analytic approaches to interview data are discussed, in addition to new trends in representing findings. Relevant exemplars of research studies in music education conducted in North America illustrate a variety of approaches to interviews. The chapter concludes by discussing the future of interviewing in music education research, namely, emerging avenues for research made possible by new technologies; how methodological and theoretical development in the social sciences might inform the use of interviews in music education research; and implications of these developments for the assessment of quality in research.
Qualitative Research in General Music Education
Authors: Stanley Ann Marie 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This chapter is an overview of the myriad ways researchers have investigated typical general music classroom activities. The studies are organized depending on researcher positioning, and whether the research took place in or outside the classroom. The stance of each study is reviewed in terms of its balance between embracing classroom complexity and isolating individual student or teacher actions. Literature on the general music teacher is presented, including studies that examined teachers’ working conditions, how teachers acquire and use music content knowledge, and the development of various types and levels of teaching practice. Recommendations for future research are made, including the value of attending to accurate portrayals of researcher and participant voice, and the need for further research on what constitutes developmentally appropriate, meaningful musical learning activities.
Teaching Qualitative Research Experientially and Aesthetically
Authors: Bresler Liora 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Liora Bresler, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, The nature of qualitative research—holistic, contextual, with foci and design that are emergent and attentive to the phenomena investigated and to insiders’ perspectives—imply that it entails more than theoretical knowledge and scripted procedures. The conduct of fieldwork and concurrent data analysis, and the processes of interpretation and writing require the cultivation of dispositions supportive of an improvisatory and responsive inquiry. These dispositions are related to those cultivated by artistic engagement. Music and the other arts provide rich and powerful occasions for intensified perception and responsive, attuned engagement. It also facilitates a space for lingering and a distinctive juxtaposition of detached connection. This chapter discusses these qualities in the context of teaching qualitative research, presenting in detail one course assignment targeting fieldwork of music performances. Students’ writing is included as concrete examples of qualitative observations, emerging conceptualizations and interpretations, and ongoing attention to their resonance (both consonance and dissonance) with what they study.
Shi‘i Islam in the African American Community
Authors: Takim Liyakat 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
While much has been written regarding the rise and experience of the African American Muslim community, western scholarship has paid little attention to the African American Shi‘is. This chapter argues that, because it is a minority within the Muslim community in America, the Shi‘i community is highly introverted and more concerned with preserving rather than extending its boundaries. In addition, the ethnic divisions within the Shi‘i community and the fact that Shi‘ism is highly reliant on the foreign-based leadership means that the Shi‘i community has not been concerned with reaching out to potential converts. This chapter also argues that by their vehement attacks on the Shi‘is, the Wahhabis have aroused the curiosity of many African American converts who may have not heard of Shi‘ism. Paradoxically, this has led to their conversion to Shi‘ism. Finally, the chapter highlights instances of African American Shi‘i–Sunni altercations in correctional facilities.