bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
302 Ensuring effective control of exposure during asbestos removal - The Netherlands
Authors: Spaan Suzanne , Terwoert Jeroen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Asbestos is a recognized carcinogen still causing many thousands of deaths each year. When removing asbestos from buildings or objects, effective control of exposure, preferably at the source, is crucial.
In The Netherlands, companies can use a designated, easy-to-use tool (‘SMART-ns’) to assess exposure for a certain work procedure based on the AREAT-model, in which control measures can be taken into account. The tool also provides established safe working procedures, as well as control guidance sheets on specific issues, such as wetting and LEV. Furthermore, exposure can also be assessed by means of available measurements.
Alternatively, companies can perform measurements to prove the safety of specific work procedures. Guidance for companies has been developed, based partially on the EN-689, in order to secure the quality of the exposure studies. After evaluation and approval by a national committee of experts (‘Validation & Innovation Point Asbestos’/ VIP-Asbest), the work procedure is taken up in SMART-ns, and can be used without further risk assessment.
Challenges in the implementation and in enforcement in practice will be discussed.
305 Potential influences of diet and lifestyle on skin in the workplace: Using this to reduce occupational ill health
Authors: Taylor Helen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Over recent years there has been research in a variety of different fields (including cosmetics, beauty and nutrition) into the influences of diet and lifestyle on the skin. This research has increased our knowledge and understanding of the skin and the impacts that might influence the health of the skin. There are many activities that individuals enjoy that bring them into contact with chemicals or circumstances that can cause damage to the skin or cause them harm. These activities range from DIY, hobbies, holidays in exotic locations and household tasks. All these impacts are often undertaken without a great deal of thought or understanding from the individual as to the overall potential impact on their health. There may even be a perception that work tasks and the workplace might be affecting their health whilst the many other aspects of their life have no impact.
This presentation will look at the increased understanding this research has provided and what this means for skin health and overall health. It will briefly outline ways in which we might use this information to change our approach to managing skin exposure and how this might impact ill-health resulting from skin exposure.
316 Irish Code of Practice for Indoor Air Quality – development, implementation and enforcement
Authors: Arkins Darren , McDermott Michelle 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
An Irish Code of Practice for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) was published in early 2023. The provision of clean and healthy indoor air directly impacts the productivity and overall well-being of employees. Recognizing the importance of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), the Health and Safety Authority developed this code of practice to provide practical guidance to employers, enabling them to assess and improve IAQ in their workplaces. The Code of Practice for IAQ includes parameters such as recommended carbon dioxide levels as indicators of ventilation, air changes per hour, temperature, humidity, ventilation rates, enabling employers to conduct baseline assessments and make informed decisions about IAQ management. It also addresses competency in IAQ risk assessment, offers guidance on identifying IAQ issues, implementing control measures, and investigating IAQ complaints. This presentation will give an overview of the approach to development of the code emphasizing a holistic approach by considering both health and safety legislation and other workplace legislation e.g. food safety. It will also address the experience of promotion of the code and feedback received. The experience of enforcement and data collected during enforcement activities will also be provided.
322 Quantitative assessment of US home care aides’ respiratory exposures during residential bathroom cleaning and disinfecting using household products
Authors: Quinn Margaret , Lindberg John , Gore Rebecca , Sama Susan , Galligan Catherine , Markkanen Pia , LeBouf Ryan , Virji Mohammed Abbas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In the USA, home care (HC) aide visits to clients’ homes typically involve cleaning and disinfecting (C&D). Some ingredients in household C&D products are associated with respiratory illness: sodium hypochlorite (bleach), quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study assessed quantitatively HC aides’ airborne exposures during bathroom cleaning using conventional and “green” C&D products.

Methodology
Aides performed C&D tasks in a simulated residential bathroom constructed in an environmental air sampling laboratory. Breathing zone samples were collected according to a balanced experimental design; each aide performed two 20-minute cleaning sessions using one of three C&D spray products (bleach-based, 1-5% sodium hypochlorite by weight; QACs-based, 0.1 – 1%; and “green,” 0.5% thymol).

Results
We completed 169 air sampling sessions with 22 aides. VOCs were generated by all products: QACs-based mean total VOCs (TVOC) concentration was 1,210 ppb; bleach-based mean TVOC 593 ppb; and green TVOC 498 ppb. Seven VOCs were quantified above the limit of detection in 50% or more of whole air canister samples: acetaldehyde, acetone, chloroform, d-limonene, alpha-pinene, ethanol, isopropanol. Only the QACs-based product generated QACs: Benzalkonium chloride (BAC)12 (6975 ng/m3), BAC14 (2971 ng/m3), BAC16 (782 ng/m3); the 3 QACs combined (10857 ng/m3). When using the bleach-based product, 13 aides (65%) experienced peak chlorine exposures above the US OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit ceiling limit (1 ppm).

Conclusions
During typical bathroom cleaning with household C&D products, HC aides can generate airborne exposures that present respiratory health risks. Use of a spray bleach product can produce over-exposure to chlorine.
327 Current state of respiratory protection
Authors: Lynch Stephanie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the world of respiratory protection continuing to expand, it is crucial for safety and health practitioners to be knowledgeable in key elements of respiratory protection. The pandemic exposed gaps in knowledge about use and efficacy of respirators. There are questions about expanded use of respiratory protection in nontraditional occupational settings, including pandemic considerations for those with frequent, close exposure to other people, but also exposures associated with natural disasters (wildfire smoke inhalation, mold exposure following extreme flooding).
What are employers’ responsibilities and liabilities? It is easy to see how these concerns can impact the public too. Filtration, fit, and proper use are consistently identified as having the most impact on the efficacy of respiratory protection. What do people need to know, and how can we effectively teach them? We will discuss barriers and which aspects of the framework for occupation use could be expanded to apply to the public. This session will also include discussion on emerging technologies and developing regulation.
12 AIHA update: empowering the profession through global collaboration
Authors: Sloan Lawrence , Greeson Nicole 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
An update on AIHA’s latest strategic priorities will be presented. These include our international affairs efforts, our four “Advancing OEHS Science & Practice” initiatives, our focus on protecting workers against excessive heat stress, educational content portfolio priorities, indoor air quality and efforts to control the spread of airborne transmitted diseases in the built environment, pipeline development activities to help “fill the pipeline” of next-generation practitioners, psycho-social stress and AIHA’s role in reducing the stigma, and how the OH professional supports corporate ESG (environmental-social-governance) programs. An overview of our allied business units, including our Lab Accreditation Program, Proficiency Analytical Testing, and Registry Programs, will also be featured. This talk with be co-presented by Lawrence Sloan, AIHA CEO, and Nicole Greeson, AIHA President.
25b - Wearable technologies for occupational health and exposure monitoring
Authors: Houghton Rob 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The presentation will focus on the El’s Occupational Health and Hygiene Committee (OHHC) project titled ‘Research report on the selection and deployment of wearable technologies for occupational health and exposure monitoring’. The report aims to support health professionals in selecting and administering wearable devices that are used for monitoring occupational exposure and detecting early signs of health issues among frontline workers in the energy sector.
25c Decommissioning within the offshore UK oil and gas industry
Authors: Grace Neil , Morgan Lynne 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The session will focus on the El publication titled ‘Decommissioning within the offshore UK oil and gas industry: a practical guide to worker health protection’. The technical publication highlights and describes the potential health hazards and risks to workers involved in the decommissioning of offshore oil and gas structures and explain how these risks are potentially magnified during decommissioning. Health planning, management and mitigation are discussed briefly as this is already well documented in other publications, and these processes are generally established and in use by the operators and other companies involved in decommissioning. It will also highlight the significant challenges for the industry as this work rapidly increases.
88a - Joining forces in prevention of substance-related occupational diseases: the Dutch national expertise centre “Lexces”
Authors: Visser Maaike 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the Dutch national expertise centre “Lexces”, five excellent Dutch centres of expertise from different fields in occupational science, hygiene and health, combine their knowledge to jointly work on prevention of substance-related occupational diseases. The ultimate goal of this cooperation is creating a future in which people no longer become ill from substances to which they are exposed in the workplace.
Lexces aims to develop, combine and actively share knowledge on substance-related occupational diseases, strengthen early warning systems for exposure risks and health effects, and contribute to occupational healthcare. To this end, Lexces has its own scientific research program that addresses a wide range of topics within the broad field of substance-related occupational diseases. The research program connects primary prevention (risk identification and prevention of exposure), secondary prevention (early warning) and tertiary prevention (occupational healthcare) in several multidisciplinary research projects. Many of these projects involve active cooperation with professionals in the field, such as occupational hygienists, occupational physicians and sector organizations. In this way, Lexces aims to bridge gaps between scientific knowledge and practise and contribute to practice-based research.
In addition to focussing on prevention of substance-related occupational diseases and dissemination of knowledge, the scientific knowledge that is developed within the Lexces research programme also contributes to the implementation of a new compensation scheme for victims of substance-related occupational diseases, that has been introduced in the Netherlands in 2023.
In this session, the strategic themes, objectives and latest developments in the current research projects of Lexces will be presented.
134 Advancing your OH program from good to great with AIHA/ACGIH principles of good practice with examples in pharmaceutical industry
Authors: McClellan Nancy , White Eric 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The AIHA and ACGIH Principles of Good OH Practice initiative is a 4-pronged approach for establishing peer reviewed guidance for defining the OH science and research initiatives that are most relevant to OH practice, establishing minimum recommended guidelines for applying and practicing the OH profession, identifying and bridging the gaps between existing practices and best practices, and promoting the tools for improving exposure judgement accuracy. These 4 initiatives will provide guidance for all areas of OH practice to better protect worker health and safety. This session will describe the initiatives and provide real-world applications within the pharmaceutical industry to illustrate their effectiveness in achieving improvements in OH program management, outcomes and utilization of resources.
148c - Visualization and interpretation of aerosol monitors data into information and knowledge
Authors: Ruiter Sander 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aerosol monitors can be used to measure workers’ personal exposure levels or workplace background concentrations when deployed stationary. Aerosol monitors can measure at much higher frequencies (at second to minute resolutions), which generates large amounts of data. This is generally an advantage, since exposure levels can be monitored more continuously and changes over time are captured, but also complicates the interpretation of these large datasets.
Several methods are available to visualize, process and interpret high resolution exposure data from aerosol monitors. This presentation will discuss the use of (interactive/online?) dashboards to aid in the processing and visualization of high-resolution exposure data. Furthermore, the combination of video with aerosol monitor measurements (called video exposure monitoring) for data interpretation and worker feedback will be discussed based on findings from recent pilot studies.
207b - Exposure modelling in Europe: how to pave the road for the future as part of the European Exposure Science Strategy 2020–2030
Authors: Schlüter Urs , Bachler Gerald , Galea Karen , Heussen Henri , Koppisch Dorothea 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Exposure models are essential in almost all relevant contexts of exposure science. To address the numerous challenges that exist, exposure modelling is one of the priority areas of ISES Europe. Therefore, a strategy was developed, focused on this priority area (Schlüter et al., 2022), with four strategic objectives:
(1)improvement of models,
(2)development of new methodologies and support for understudied fields,
(3)improvement of model use, and
(4)regulatory needs for modelling.
Exposure modellers from a wide range of European countries and institutions, active in the fields of occupational, population and environmental exposure science pooled their expertise under the umbrella of the ISES Europe Working Group on exposure models. This working group assessed the state-of-the-art of exposure modelling in Europe. They developed an inventory of exposure models used in Europe and reviewed the existing literature on pitfalls associated with exposure modelling, in order to identify crucial modelling-related strategy elements.
Decisive actions were defined for ISES Europe stakeholders focused on achieving the long-term goal of developing a best practice in exposure modelling. Additionally, to the strategic objectives, the working group developed an action plan and roadmap for the implementation of the European Exposure Science Strategy for exposure modelling. This strategic plan will foster a common understanding of modelling-related methodology, terminology, training and education, as well as future research in Europe, and have a broader impact on strategic considerations globally.
208d - Occupational hygiene studies in the informal sector in Ghana: roadside mechanics shop activities and artisanal & small-scale mining activities
Authors: Rogers Dave , Stemn Eric , Ofori Ebenezer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Ghana has a large informal work sector which makes up close to 85% of the urban economy (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590291120300838). This sector has minimal regulated working conditions, with workers having to rely on seasonal or production demand-based work.
WHWB is carrying out two projects in the informal sector in Ghana, namely, “Roadside Mechanics Shop Activities” and “Artisanal & Small-Scale Mining Activities”. These projects commenced in Q3 2022, and both projects should be completed and reported on by Q1 2024. These projects are being supported by WHWB, SKC UK, and the Belgian Center for Occupational Hygiene (BeCOH). An AIHA grant has been received for funding the Roadside Mechanics Shop Activities project, a WHWB International grant has been received for funding the Artisanal & Small-Scale Mining Activities project, and donations are also welcome via this GoFundMe link: https://gofund.me/e26ba537.
The Ghanaian regulatory authorities, whilst keen to improve the regulation of these sectors, are currently not well-informed of occupational/industrial hygiene aspects and do not have the technical resources to recognise, evaluate or control workplace health exposures. The outcomes of these projects will be available to the Ghanaian regulatory authorities, to improve workplace health matters in these industrial sectors.
The outcomes of these projects will help to increase the awareness of workplace health issues in these sectors and will allow the implementation of appropriate workplace control strategies to improve workplace health conditions.
This presentation will describe both projects, the findings, challenges, and positive outcomes.
222a - Introduction to Human Biomonitoring
Authors: Ebert Katharina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Human Biomonitoring (HBM) refers to the analysis of xenobiotics or their metabolites in human biological matrices such as blood or urine. It therefore encompasses all exposure routes and reflects the actual individual exposure. In order to perform reliable and informative HBM-based exposure and risk assessments, several prerequisites must be fulfilled. In particular, if the relation between biomarker levels and safe exposure levels from occupational or epidemiological studies is unknown, the prior investigation of a substance’s toxicokinetics is essential for risk assessment. Human metabolism studies can be used to obtain toxicokinetic data and derive urinary excretion fractions (FUE), necessary for rugged pharmacokinetic models and useful in the derivation of health-based guidance values.
This presentation will give a brief introduction to HBM, outline the effect of a substance’s toxicokinetics on biomarker and matrix selection for HBM, and explain the workflow of human metabolism studies.
228b - Settled dust and biomonitoring - Are these tools complementary enough for a detailed occupational exposure assessment?
Authors: Viegas Susana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) provides unequivocal evidence that both exposure and uptake of a chemical have taken place and integrates exposure from all routes. In addition, it can help identify unintentional and unexpected exposures and assess the effectiveness of existing risk-management measures. Probably due to the relevance of the information provided, HBM has a longstanding practice in occupational health. In opposite, settled dust (SD) samples are not frequently considered in occupational exposure assessments, mainly because occupational exposure limits (OELs) are based in airborne dust samples. However, in specific contexts SD might provide unique information difficult to obtained with air samples, such as: it provides workplace background contamination besides only having information on exposure during the tasks that we think imply exposure, normally assess a longer exposure window than a shift and this prolonged period might be an advantage for exposure assessment, convenience of collection which typically does not require costly sampling equipment and more easily used for target and untargeted analysis.
In this presentation, we intend to present data from HBM4EU e-waste study and other research projects to stimulate the discussion on how these two exposure assessment methods provide complementary information and if settled dust samples can be the option instead of air samples.
Presented on behalf of the HBM4EU occupational study project team.
249b - A new respirator performance standard for Canada
Authors: Smith Simon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Canada has a complex regulatory structure for occupational health and safety with legislation and regulation split among thirteen regional bodies, plus the federal government. Details for implementation of respiratory protection programs are addressed in a national consensus standard, and for product performance approvals. Canada’s has historically accepted those from the US organisation, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
During the Covid pandemic, many new respirator manufacturing operations started in Canada to address equipment shortages, but prioritization changes at NIOSH to support US requirements meant that the approval time for new Canadian products was of the order of months, exacerbating the supply crisis. The Canadian Government acted promptly to create an interim product approval structure, with the plan for a long-term solution for CSA Group (Canadian Standards Association) to build a new national respirator performance standard and certification system.
Reflecting the urgency of the situation, this new Canadian standard was developed extremely rapidly over 2021 by a dedicated expert committee, incorporating performance requirements that balanced historic familiarity with new features reflecting the best of national and international standards. This new standard and an associated certification system administered by the CSA Group now supports an improved respiratory protective equipment supply chain, and is used in Canada in parallel with the existing NIOSH approval.
249d - Disrupting the chains of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on a pre-vaccine movie production
Authors: Svirchev Laurence 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A zero workplace-transmission rate COVID-19 rate was accomplished, pre-vaccine, on a Canadian movie production as a result of a comprehensive OHS prevention programme. Developed as a joint management-union collaboration in the complex US-Canada entertainment industry, the programme was designed to prevent the hazard of SARS-CoV-2 from entering indoors and outdoors workplaces.
COVID-19 is a novel infectious airborne respiratory disease carried by mobile individuals, both symptomatic and asymptomatic. It can enter the workplace and cause other workers to be infected, then exit the workplace to infect others. There is no exposure limit, nor are there easy personal-portable air sampling & analytical methods. The traditional NIOSH Hierarchy of Controls is a compromised model since elimination and substitution are not applicable.
The prevention programme therefore consisted of a comprehensive set of controls, including PCR COVID-19 testing with frequency defined according to pre-determined risk groups; masking & social distancing based on time limitations including during filming when crew and performers work in close proximity; remote check-in procedures based on personal observations of disease signs/symptoms; installation of MERV13 filters in studio ventilation systems.
The local COVID Compliance team consisted of a doctor-nurse group, a committed management team, a CIH COVID Compliance Officer, all supported by the studio system and its Canadian OHS consulting contractor led by a CIH. Of critical importance was a highly disciplined work force that conscientiously respected the OHS requirements, and the education work of the COVID Compliance Team.
In summary, COVID-19 as an occupational disease is preventable.