bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Obesity and Risk of Total and Obesity‐Related Cancer in People With Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Malik Sarah , Guha Avirup , Wang Xiaoling , Weintraub Neal L. , Harris Ryan , Datta Biplab , Moore Justin , Nain Priyanshu , Patel Sagar A. , Coughlin Steven , Polter Elizabeth , Prizment Anna , Blaes Anne , Florido Roberta , Kutty Shelby , Alonso Alvaro , Joshu Corinne E. , Platz Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2024

Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer frequently co‐occur due to shared risk factors such as obesity, which is linked to CVD and 14 cancer types. This study explores whether CVD pathophysiologies, combined with obesity, increase cancer risk, impacting clinical management.

Methods and Results
Data from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study, spanning 28 years, were analyzed. The cohort included 5127 participants with incident CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, coronary heart disease), of whom 1511 developed a first primary cancer. Follow‐up began at CVD diagnosis after Visit 1. Obesity was assessed using body mass index, waist circumference, and waist‐to‐hip ratio. Incidence rate differences between obesity groups were adjusted for age, sex, and center, whereas the obesity–cancer association was estimated using Fine‐Gray regression adjusted for shared risk factors including smoking. Cancer incidence in obese individuals with CVD (body mass index: rate differences=226.6/100 000 person‐years) was higher than in those with normal weight. Although obesity was not linked to overall cancer after adjusting for shared risk factors, it was nominally associated with obesity‐related cancers. Specifically, women with CVD and obesity had increased obesity‐related cancer risk (body mass index: hazard ratio, 1.67 [95% CI, 1.17–2.31]). No significant associations were found in men, even after excluding prostate cancer.

Conclusions
This study suggests that obesity is linked to higher obesity‐related cancer risk in women with incident CVD, independent of shared risk factors. Further research is needed to eliminate residual confounding, understand sex differences, and explore how CVD pathophysiologies and obesity together influence cancer risk.
Differentiating Left Atrial Pressure Responses in Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Implications for Diagnosing Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Managing Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Park Jong Sung , Cho Iksung , Kim Daehoon , Kim Moon‐Hyun , Park Je‐Wook , Yu Hee Tae , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Uhm Jae‐Sun , Joung Boyoung , Lee Moon‐Hyoung , Pak Hui‐Nam 
Published: August 2024

Background
Increased left atrial pressure (LAP) contributes to dyspnea and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in baseline LAP and LAP response to rapid pacing between paroxysmal and persistent AF.

Methods and Results

This observational study prospectively enrolled 1369 participants who underwent AF catheter ablation, excluding those with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. H
2
FPEF score was calculated by echocardiography and baseline characteristics. Patients underwent LAP measurements during AF, sinus rhythm, and heart rates of 90, 100, 110, and 120 beats per minute (bpm), induced by right atrial pacing and isoproterenol. The baseline LAP‐peak in the persistent AF group consistently exceeded that in the paroxysmal AF (PAF) group across each H
2
FPEF score subgroup (all
P
<0.05). LAP‐peak increased with pacing (19.5 to 22.5 mm Hg) but decreased with isoproterenol (20.4 to 18.4 mm Hg). Under pacing, patients with PAF exhibited a significantly lower LAP‐peak (90 bpm) than those with persistent AF (17.7±8.2 versus 21.1±9.3 mm Hg,
P
<0.001). However, there was no difference in LAP‐peak (120 bpm) between the 2 groups (22.1±8.1 versus 22.9±8.4 mm Hg,
P
=0.056) because the LAP‐peak significantly increased with heart rate in the group with PAF.

Conclusions

Patients with PAF exhibited lower baseline LAP with greater increases during rapid pacing compared with individuals with persistent AF, indicating a need to revise the H
2
FPEF score for distinguishing PAF from persistent AF and emphasizing the importance of rate and rhythm control in PAF for symptom control.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT02138695.
Outcomes of Adults With Unrepaired Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return and Intact Atrial Septum
Authors: Egbe Alexander C. , Younis Ahmed , Ali Ahmed E. , Karnakoti Snigdha , Stephens Elizabeth H. , Dearani Joseph A. , Francois Christopher , Connolly Heidi M. 
Published: August 2024

Background
The purpose of this study was to describe the correlates and outcomes in adults with unrepaired partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and intact atrial septum (PAPVR‐IAS).

Methods and Results
We identified adults with PAPVR‐IAS who received care at the Mayo Clinic, while those with unrepaired PAPVR‐IAS comprised the reference group. Clinical indices (New York Heart Association class, peak oxygen consumption, and NT‐proBNP [N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide]) and echo‐derived right heart indices (right atrial [RA] volume, RA reservoir strain, right ventricular [RV] free wall strain, RV end‐diastolic area, and RV systolic pressure) were assessed at baseline and 3‐year and 5‐year follow‐up. There were 80 patients and 38 patients with unrepaired versus repaired PAPVR‐IAS, respectively. The clinical predictors of surgical repair were the number of anomalous veins, RA volume, and RV end‐diastolic area. The PAPVR‐IAS risk score, derived from these clinical predictors, was associated with surgical repair (adjusted odds ratio, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.24–1.65] per unit increase in risk score; area under the curve, 0.742). Among patients with unrepaired PAPVR‐IAS with 3‐year (n=73) and 5‐year follow‐up (n=36), there was no temporal change in clinical indices (New York Heart Association class, predicted peak oxygen consumption, and NT‐proBNP) and right heart indices (RA volume index, RA reservoir strain, RV end‐diastolic area index, RV free wall strain, and RV systolic pressure).

Conclusions
The PAPVR‐IAS risk score can be used to assess the odds of requiring surgical repair. Furthermore, there was no temporal deterioration in clinical and right heart indices during follow‐up in adults with unrepaired PAPVR‐IAS.
The Domain-Specific Neural Basis of Auditory Statistical Learning in 5–7-Year-Old Children
Authors: Fan Tengwen , Decker Will , Schneider Julie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Statistical learning (SL) is the ability to rapidly track statistical regularities and learn patterns in the environment. Recent studies show that SL is constrained by domain-specific features, rather than being a uniform learning mechanism across domains and modalities. This domain-specificity has been reflected at the neural level, as SL occurs in regions primarily involved in processing of specific modalities or domains of input. However, our understanding of how SL is constrained by domain-specific features in the developing brain is severely lacking. The present study aims to identify the functional neural profiles of auditory SL of linguistic and nonlinguistic regularities among children. Thirty children between 5 and 7 years old completed an auditory fMRI SL task containing interwoven sequences of structured and random syllable/tone sequences. Using traditional group univariate analyses and a group-constrained subject-specific analysis, frontal and temporal cortices showed significant activation when processing structured versus random sequences across both linguistic and nonlinguistic domains. However, conjunction analyses failed to identify overlapping neural indices across domains. These findings are the first to compare brain regions supporting SL of linguistic and nonlinguistic regularities in the developing brain and indicate that auditory SL among developing children may be constrained by domain-specific features.
The issue of sexuality in Italian penitentiary law: a 1930s debate between international influences and fascist prison policies
Authors: Palmieri Gianmarco 
Published: August 2024

Summary
This article delves into a crucial yet understudied aspect of Italian penitentiary history during the 1930s: the intricate interplay between international influences and the development of fascist prison policies with regard to issues of sexuality. Drawing from a rich archive of legislative documents, contemporary publications, and historical accounts, this study examines the emergence of a multifaceted discourse surrounding sexuality within the context of Italian prisons. Within this framework, the article illuminates the tensions between Mussolini’s authoritarian policies and the pioneering penitentiary practices that were undergoing experimentation in foreign legal systems1.
Bonfante, Vacca, Ankum: acquisition of ownership of res mancipi abandoned by their owner, Pomp. D. 41,7,5pr.
Authors: Chorus Jeroen M.J. 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Pomponius, Digest 41,7,5pr., presents many difficulties. It holds, inter alia, that if the possessor of a thing abandoned by its owner, did not have that thing in bonis, the person who bought it from him, knowing that it had been abandoned, will usucapt it. But this seems to conflict with § 1, asserting that the acquirer of an abandoned thing becomes its dominus at once, without usucapio. Bonfante saw that the principium concerns only res mancipi and § 1 only res nec mancipi. Vacca did not agree, but subscribed to part of Bonfante’s interpretation. Both Bonfante and Vacca, however, introduced an element not mentioned by Pomponius: that the selling possessor ignored that the thing had been abandoned by its owner and, instead, thought the thing was res aliena. Ankum rejected that introduction and gave an interpretation (and reconstruction) of the fragment without the contested element. It is argued that Ankum’s interpretation should prevail.
Vapor-Buoyancy Feedback in an Idealized GCM
Authors: Seidel Seth , Yang Da 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Humid air is lighter than dry air at a given temperature and pressure, as the molecular weight of water vapor is less than that of dry air. This effect is known as vapor buoyancy (VB). Although VB is a straightforward consequence of the ideal gas law, its influence on climate has been understudied. This study investigates VB’s influence on atmospheric temperature, radiation, and clouds. In mechanism-denial experiments, we remove VB from the dynamics and parameterizations of an idealized general circulation model (GCM). These experiments show that VB warms the tropical free troposphere by approximately 1 K in an Earth-like climate, and the magnitude of this effect increases with warming. This additional atmospheric warming causes greater outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) to be emitted as the climate warms. This constitutes a negative climate feedback which attains a magnitude of 0.1–0.2 W m−2 K−1 in the tropics. The simulations further show that, despite warming the atmosphere, VB does not introduce a countervailing positive water vapor feedback. Finally, we find that VB makes the net cloud feedback in the model more negative than it otherwise would be, reinforcing the clear-sky feedback.
Assessing CMIP Models’ Ability to Detect Observed Surface Warming Signals Related to Climate Change
Authors: Gopika Suresh , Lengaigne Matthieu , Suresh Iyyappan , Izumo Takeshi , Kwatra Sadhvi , Neetu S. , Vialard Jérôme 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Assessing if CMIP models can detect observed climate change signals is crucial for evaluating their realism and strengthening confidence in future projections. These signals can only be compared once distinguishable from the background climate “noise.” Built for impact studies but not detection purpose, the time of emergence (ToE) estimates when this occurs using a fixed signal-to-noise ratio. To more accurately assess models’ ability to reproduce observed climate change signals, we introduce the time of detection (ToD), which employs a statistical significance test of the nonlinear trend, accounting for the time series length. ToD and ToE are computed for sea surface temperature (SST) and relative SST (RSST) across four observational and 69 CMIP5/6 historical and shared socioeconomic pathways 5–8.5 (SSP5–8.5) scenario datasets. ToD precedes ToE and is less sensitive to the chosen threshold. While already detectable in most of the tropics, SST warming in the equatorial Pacific is detectable in ∼90% of models but only one out of four observational datasets, due to a stronger modeled warming. Because RSST signals are weaker than SST signals, they do not emerge anywhere but are detectable in two regions. The enhanced warming in the western Indian Ocean, detected in ∼45% of models, is not robust in observations when excluding pre-1960 dubious data. Conversely, the subdued southeast Pacific warming detected in observations and ∼80% of models is robust and consistent with a poleward extension of the Southern Hemisphere Hadley cell. The ToD’s ability to detect subtle signals allows for assessing the realism of the CMIP warming pattern in this region.

Significance Statement
Recent studies emphasize the importance of the climate change warming pattern and its apparent discrepancy between climate models and observations in the equatorial Pacific. We argue that our newly proposed time of detection (ToD) is better suited than the well-known time of emergence (ToE) for investigating where modeled and observed warming patterns can be confidently compared. In agreement with previous studies, our analysis indicates model–observations disagreement over the equatorial Pacific. Using ToD instead of ToE allows for detecting a robust subdued warming (i.e., weaker than the tropical average) in the southeast Pacific and therefore confirms the realism of the CMIP warming pattern in this region.
Older Veterans’ perspectives on participation in a clinical exercise program: A qualitative study of the VA Gerofit exercise program
Authors: Abbate Lauren M , Jordan Sarah R , Ho P Michael , Matlock Daniel D , Allen Kelli D , Wherry Sarah , Wellington Toby , Buxo Zach J , Richardson Vanessa , McGuire Courtney , Pearson Megan , Hall Katherine S , Nearing Kathryn A 
Published: August 2024

Objectives: We explored the perspectives of older veterans in Gerofit, a Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) supervised clinical exercise program, to understand the factors associated with participation and how the program supported personal health goals. Methods: Twenty semistructured interviews were conducted with active and inactive Gerofit participants. We used a hybrid inductive and deductive approach to thematic analysis of transcripts, with the latter informed by the Health Action Process Approach model of behavior change. Results: Active and inactive participants differed in their perspectives about how Gerofit impacted their progress toward meeting personal health goals. Active participants noted program features (e.g., schedule, staffing) as facilitators and suggested greater self-efficacy about program participation compared to inactive participants. Both groups perceived the camaraderie with other veterans as a facilitator. Conclusions: Exercise program features, including camaraderie, are important factors that affect the ability of older veterans to participate in exercise and achieve personal health goals.
refMLST: reference-based multilocus sequence typing enables universal bacterial typing
Authors: Khdhiri Mondher , Thomas Ella , de Smet Chanel , Chandar Priyanka , Chandrakumar Induja , Davidson Jean M. , Anderson Paul , Chorlton Samuel D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Commonly used approaches for genomic investigation of bacterial outbreaks, including SNP and gene-by-gene approaches, are limited by the requirement for background genomes and curated allele schemes, respectively. As a result, they only work on a select subset of known organisms, and fail on novel or less studied pathogens. We introduce refMLST, a gene-by-gene approach using the reference genome of a bacterium to form a scalable, reproducible and robust method to perform outbreak investigation.

Results
When applied to multiple outbreak causing bacteria including 1263 Salmonella enterica, 331 Yersinia enterocolitica and 6526 Campylobacter jejuni genomes, refMLST enabled consistent clustering, improved resolution, and faster processing in comparison to commonly used tools like chewieSnake.

Conclusions
refMLST is a novel multilocus sequence typing approach that is applicable to any bacterial species with a public reference genome, does not require a curated scheme, and automatically accounts for genetic recombination.
Availability and implementation: refMLST is freely available for academic use at https://bugseq.com/academic.
Genes to specialized metabolites: accumulation of scopoletin, umbelliferone and their glycosides in natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ihnatowicz Anna , Siwinska Joanna , Perkowska Izabela , Grosjean Jeremy , Hehn Alain , Bourgaud Frederic , Lojkowska Ewa , Olry Alexandre 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Scopoletin and umbelliferone belong to coumarins, which are plant specialized metabolites with potent and wide biological activities, the accumulation of which is induced by various environmental stresses. Coumarins have been detected in various plant species, including medicinal plants and the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. In recent years, key role of coumarins in maintaining iron (Fe) homeostasis in plants has been demonstrated, as well as their significant impact on the rhizosphere microbiome through exudates secreted into the soil environment. Several mechanisms underlying these processes require clarification. Previously, we demonstrated that Arabidopsis is an excellent model for studying genetic variation and molecular basis of coumarin accumulation in plants.

Results
Here, through targeted metabolic profiling and gene expression analysis, the gene-metabolite network of scopoletin and umbelliferone accumulation was examined in more detail in selected Arabidopsis accessions (Col-0, Est-1, Tsu-1) undergoing different culture conditions and characterized by variation in coumarin content. The highest accumulation of coumarins was detected in roots grown in vitro liquid culture. The expression of 10 phenylpropanoid genes (4CL1, 4CL2, 4CL3, CCoAOMT1, C3’H, HCT, F6’H1, F6’H2,CCR1 and CCR2) was assessed by qPCR in three genetic backgrounds, cultured in vitro and in soil, and in two types of tissues (leaves and roots). We not only detected the expected variability in gene expression and coumarin accumulation among Arabidopsis accessions, but also found interesting polymorphisms in the coding sequences of the selected genes through in silico analysis and resequencing.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study comparing accumulation of simple coumarins and expression of phenylpropanoid-related genes in Arabidopsis accessions grown in soil and in liquid cultures. The large variations we detected in the content of coumarins and gene expression are genetically determined, but also tissue and culture dependent. It is particularly important considering that growing plants in liquid media is a widely used technology that provides a large amount of root tissue suitable for metabolomics. Research on differential accumulation of coumarins and related gene expression will be useful in future studies aimed at better understanding the physiological role of coumarins in roots and the surrounding environments.
SOS1 gene family in mangrove (Kandelia obovata): Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analyses under salt and copper stress
Authors: Shang Chenjing , Sihui Li , Li Chunyuan , Hussain Quaid , Chen Pengyu , Hussain Muhammad Azhar , Nkoh Nkoh Jackson 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1), a plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger, is essential for plant salt tolerance. Salt damage is a significant abiotic stress that impacts plant species globally. All living organisms require copper (Cu), a necessary micronutrient and a protein cofactor for many biological and physiological processes. High Cu concentrations, however, may result in pollution that inhibits the growth and development of plants. The function and production of mangrove ecosystems are significantly impacted by rising salinity and copper contamination.

Results
A genome-wide analysis and bioinformatics techniques were used in this study to identify 20 SOS1 genes in the genome of Kandelia obovata. Most of the SOS1 genes were found on the plasma membrane and dispersed over 11 of the 18 chromosomes. Based on phylogenetic analysis, KoSOS1s can be categorized into four groups, similar to Solanum tuberosum. Kandelia obovata's SOS1 gene family expanded due to tandem and segmental duplication. These SOS1 homologs shared similar protein structures, according to the results of the conserved motif analysis. The coding regions of 20 KoSOS1 genes consist of amino acids ranging from 466 to 1221, while the exons include amino acids ranging from 3 to 23. In addition, we found that the 2.0 kb upstream promoter region of the KoSOS1s gene contains several cis-elements associated with phytohormones and stress responses. According to the expression experiments, seven randomly chosen genes experienced up- and down-regulation of their expression levels in response to copper (CuCl2) and salt stressors.

Conclusions
For the first time, this work systematically identified SOS1 genes in Kandelia obovata. Our investigations also encompassed physicochemical properties, evolution, and expression patterns, thereby furnishing a theoretical framework for subsequent research endeavours aimed at functionally characterizing the Kandelia obovata SOS1 genes throughout the life cycle of plants.