bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The peptide derived from the Ig-like domain of human herpesvirus 8 K1 protein induces death in hematological cancer cells
Authors: Daniluk Urszula , Kerros Celine , Tao Rong-Hua , Wise Jillian F , Ao Xue , Berkova Zuzana , Samaniego Felipe 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundAlthough significant progress has been made in the treatment of lymphomas, many lymphomas exhibit resistance to cell death, suggesting a defective Fas signaling, which remains poorly understood. We previously reported that cells expressing the K1 protein of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) resist death through the complex formation of the Ig-like domain of K1 with Fas. Recently, we investigated whether peptides derived from the Ig-like domain of the K1 protein may affect cell death.MethodsK1 positive and negative cell lines were incubated with the K1-derived peptides, and cell death (apoptotic and necrotic) was assessed by flow cytometry and LDH assay. Activation of caspases was assessed by fluorometric assay and flow cytometry. Fas receptor-independent, peptide-mediated cell killing was tested in the Fas-resistant Daudi cell line and Jurkat cell clones deficient in caspase-8 and FADD functionality. Activation of TNF receptors I and II was blocked by pre-incubation with corresponding blocking antibodies. The effect of the K1 peptidein vivowas tested in a mouse xenograft model.ResultsWe observed that the peptide S20-3 enhanced cell death in K1-positive BJAB cells and HHV-8 positive primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cell lines. Similar effects of this peptide were observed in B-cell lymphoma and T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells without K1 expression but not in normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A single intratumoral injection of the S20-3 peptide decreased the growth of Jurkat xenografts in SCID mice. The mechanism of tumor cell death induced by the S20-3 peptide was associated with activation of caspases, but this activity was only partially inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD. Furthermore, the K1 peptide also killed Fas-resistant Daudi cells, and this killing effect was inhibited by pre-incubation of cells with antibodies blocking TNFRI.ConclusionTaken together, these findings indicate that the S20-3 peptide can selectively induce the death of malignant hematological cell lines by Fas- and/or TNFRI-dependent mechanisms, suggesting the K1-derived peptide or peptidomimetic may have promising therapeutic potential for the treatment of hematological cancers.
Use of Aspirin, Other Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Acetaminophen and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Incidence
Authors: Zhang Xuehong , Smith-Warner Stephanie A. , Collins Laura C. , Rosner Bernard , Willett Walter C. , Hankinson Susan E. 
Published: August 2012

PurposeThe associations between use of aspirin, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen and breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal women are uncertain. We examined these associations with breast cancer, both overall and by molecular subtype.Patients and MethodsWe observed 84,602 postmenopausal women, free of cancer in 1980, until June 2008 and prospectively collected data on analgesic use, reproductive history, and other lifestyle factors using biennial questionnaires. Proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs.ResultsWe documented 4,734 cases of incident invasive breast cancer. Compared with nonuse of aspirin, multivariable RRs of regular aspirin use (≥ two tablets per week) for more than 20 years were 0.91 for overall breast cancer (95% CI, 0.81 to 1.01; Ptrend= 0.16), 0.90 for estrogen receptor (ER) –positive progesterone receptor (PR) –positive breast cancer (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.06; Ptrend= 0.17), and 0.91 for ER-negative PR-negative breast cancer (95% CI, 0.68 to 1.22; Ptrend= 0.97). Results did not vary appreciably by past or current use, days per week of use, or dosage of use. Use of other NSAIDs and acetaminophen was largely not significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Additionally, use of higher doses of each analgesic (≥ six tablets per week) for more than 10 years was generally not significantly associated with risk of breast cancer, either overall or by subtype. Furthermore, largely no substantial associations were noted for breast cancer molecular subtypes, including luminal A, luminal B, triple negative, basal-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) negative, and COX-2 positive.ConclusionOur study suggests that use of aspirin, other NSAIDs, and acetaminophen is not importantly associated with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, either overall or by specific subtype.
Preoperative embolization of spinal tumors: variables affecting intraoperative blood loss after embolization
Authors: Kobayashi Katsuhiro , Ozkan Efe , Tam Alda , Ensor Joe , Wallace Michael J , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: August 2012

Background Preoperative embolization of spinal tumors is often used to reduce blood loss from surgery. Intraoperative blood loss, even in patients who undergo embolization, is potentially multifactorial; embolization techniques, surgical procedures or tumor characteristics may affect intraoperative blood loss. Purpose To retrospectively analyze factors affecting intraoperative blood loss in patients who had undergone spinal tumor embolization; and to assess the safety of the procedure. Material and Methods Sixty-two patients (median age, 60 years) with a tumor involving the thoracic ( n = 42) or lumbar ( n = 20) spine underwent preoperative tumor embolization with particles. Multiple variables, including patient characteristics, tumor characteristics, embolization techniques, and surgical procedures, were evaluated with respect to intraoperative blood loss and transfusion requirement. Complications related to the embolization procedures were also recorded. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to analyze the variables affecting the intraoperative blood loss and transfusion requirement. Results Complete or near-complete tumor embolization was achieved in 47 patients. The average estimated blood loss (EBL) and packed red blood cells units transfused during surgery were 2554 mL (range, 250–11,000 mL) and 7 units (range, 0–28 units), respectively. Univariate analysis indicated tumor volume, surgical approach, and invasiveness of the spinal surgery to be significant variables affecting EBL. Tumor histology and extent, tumor vascularity, degree of embolization, and size of embolic particle did not affect operative blood loss. On multivariate analysis, invasiveness of the surgery was the only variable that influenced EBL. Two patients developed irreversible neurologic deficits following embolization. Conclusion Embolization technique or completeness has a limited effect on operative blood loss after preoperative spinal tumor embolization. Operative blood loss from spinal surgery is dependent primarily on the invasiveness of the surgery. Although preoperative embolization is a relatively safe procedure, there remains a risk of cord ischemia.
Ultrasound measurement and grading of rotator cuff and shoulder joint disease in patients with inflammatory arthritis: a reliability study
Authors: Disini Luisa , Boddu Srinivas , Cahir John , Marshall Tarnya , Toms Andoni 
Published: August 2012

Introduction To determine the inter-observer reliability of ultrasound measurements and grading of rotator cuff and shoulder joint disease in patients with inflammatory arthritis. Methods Both shoulders of 50 patients (56 ± 18 years, 39F:11M) with inflammatory arthritis, being treated with biologics, were scanned by two experienced radiologists. Rotator cuff and articular surface features in the shoulder joint were measured and graded using previously published ultrasound scoring methods. The inter-observer agreements for rotator cuff tendon, glenohumeral joint (GHJ) and subacromial subdeltoid bursal (SSB) measurements were obtained with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for continuous data. Those for the grade of rotator cuff tendon tear, humeral head (HH) and acromio-clavicular joint (ACJ) appearances were analysed with kappa ( K) statistics for categorical data. Results Moderate inter-observer agreement (ICC = 0.58, P ≤ 0.01) was shown for the supraspinatus tendon thickness. Poor agreement (ICC < 0.49) was found for the thickness of the subscapularis ( P ≤ 0.01), infraspinatus ( P ≤ 0.05) and biceps tendons. There was excellent agreement for the SSB thickness (ICC = 0.88, P ≤ 0.01) and poor agreement for GHJ distance. Moderate agreement ( K = 0.57, P ≤ 0.01) for grading of a supraspinatus tendon tear was found while excellent agreement for the subscapularis ( K = 0.81, P ≤ 0.01), infraspinatus and biceps (both K = 1, P ≤ 0.01) tendons was noted. The most common agreement occurred for no tear or a complete tear. Poor agreement ( K < 0.49) was demonstrated for grading of HH erosions and ACJ appearances. Conclusion Ultrasound measurement of the subacromial subdeltoid bursa was reliable between observers, as was detection of the presence or absence of a complete rotator cuff tendon tear. Reliability was limited for measurements of rotator cuff tendon thickness, grading partial tendon tears or identification of subtle shoulder joint pathology.
Aesthetic Amputations: Absolute Music and the Deleted Endings of Hanslick's Vom Musikalisch-Schönen
Authors: Bonds Mark Evan 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Eduard Hanslick's Vom Musikalisch-Schönen (1854) is the single most important document in the history of the construct known as absolute music, the idea that music functions as an entirely self-contained and self-referential art. Hanslick deleted—and did not replace—the final paragraph of the first edition, cutting most of it for the second edition of 1858 and the remainder for the third edition of 1865. This original ending evokes imagery that stands out from most of the rest of the treatise, including references to the “great motions of the cosmos” and “profound and secret connections to nature.” Scholars have pointed to the apparent inconsistencies of both tone and substance in this paragraph over and against the rest of the treatise to explain its later deletion but have not suggested why Hanslick might have ended his treatise in this way originally. The evocation of “connections to nature” points to the influence of Naturphilosophie, a mode of thought particularly prevalent in Germany in the first half of the nineteenth century that posited a basic unity of all nature. Proponents of Naturphilosophie, including such major figures as Schelling, Ritter, Goethe, and Ørsted, believed that the basic forces of nature were all interconnected. Ernst Chladni's demonstrations of the geometric patterns that could be created by sound under certain conditions fascinated his contemporaries and provide an example of how motion, sound, form, and beauty might all be interrelated. Hanslick saw tönend bewegte Formen (“forms set in motion through tones”) as the essence of music, and his original ending suggests that the kind of motion resulting in sound was related to the motions at work in physics, light, magnetism, and other forces, the “great motions of the cosmos.”
The Floral Poetics of Schumann's Blumenstück, Op. 19
Authors: Watkins Holly 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Robert Schumann's Blumenstück, op. 19, a short piano piece dating from 1839, is generally not included among the composer's more poetically inspired or formally adventurous pieces. Thanks in part to Schumann's own disparaging remarks about the piece, Blumenstück, like the stylistically similar Arabeske, op. 18, has been viewed as a fairly straightforward effort to appeal to amateur consumers—especially women consumers—of domestic piano music. Rather than recuperate Schumann's piece through a revelation of its structural achievements, this article links the piece's mixed aesthetic status to the similar standing of flowers (and the genre of flower painting to which Schumann's title alludes) in early-nineteenth-century German culture. Emblematic of women and the expression of conventional sentiments, flowers nonetheless constituted a remarkably evocative symbol in Romantic literature. Sentimental and Romantic discourses of the flower converged in the trope of Blumensprache (the language of flowers), an idea that found expression in both popular manuals cataloguing the meanings of flowers and the more esoteric environments of Schumann's criticism, E. T. A. Hoffmann's tales, and Heinrich Heine's poetry. In each of these venues, flowers served as imaginary conduits joining mundane and transcendent realms. Drawing on the work of Friedrich Kittler, I argue that Schumann's Blumenstück, with its conflicting imperatives of pleasure and instruction, congenial melody and motivic intertwining, conflates aesthetic and reception-based categories in a related manner and, as a result, undermines traditional means of generic classification.
The Brahmsian Hairpin
Authors: Kim David Hyun-Su 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Hairpins, the notation symbols &lt; and &gt;, are today universally accepted as equivalent to the markings crescendo and diminuendo, calling for an increase or decrease in volume. This view is irreconcilable with the scores of the core German repertoire of the nineteenth century. This article offers a new understanding of hairpins based on careful examination of the scores of Brahms and of early-twentieth-century recordings by artists close to him. In Brahms's milieu hairpins did not prescribe sounds, but rather described meanings. The difference between prescription and description is central, suggesting that instead of “growing louder/quieter,” hairpins are better understood as “becoming more/less.” The means by which “more/less” was realized by nineteenth-century musicians included many techniques beyond dynamics, most notably agogic inflection.
Cobedding and Recovery Time After Heel Lance in Preterm Twins: Results of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Campbell-Yeo Marsha L. , Johnston C. Celeste , Joseph K.S. , Feeley Nancy , Chambers Christine T. , Barrington Keith J. 
Published: August 2012

OBJECTIVES:Cobedding of preterm twin infants provides tactile, olfactory, and auditory stimulation and may affect pain reactivity. We carried out a randomized trial to assess the effect of cobedding on pain reactivity and recovery in preterm twin neonates.METHODS:Stable preterm twins (n = 67 sets) between 28 and 36 weeks of gestational age were randomly assigned to a cobedding group (cared for in the same incubator or crib) or a standard care group (cared for in separate incubators or cribs). Pain response (determined by the Premature Infant Pain Profile [PIPP]) and time to return to physiologic baseline parameters were compared between groups with adjustment for the nonindependence of twin infants.RESULTS:Maternal and infant characteristics were not significantly different between twin infants in the cobedding and standard care groups except for 5-minute Apgar &lt;7 and postnatal age and corrected gestational age on the day of the heel lance. Mean PIPP scores were not different between groups at 30, 60, or 120 seconds. At 90 seconds, mean PIPP scores were higher in the cobedding group (6.0 vs 5.0, P = .04). Recovery time was shorter in the cobedding group compared with the standard care group, (mean = 75.6 seconds versus 142.1 seconds, P = .001). No significant adverse events were associated with cobedding. Adjustment for nonindependence between twins and differences in baseline characteristics did not change the results.CONCLUSIONS:Cobedding enhanced the physiologic recovery of preterm twins undergoing heel lance, but did not lead to lower pain scores.
Proficiency and Retention of Neonatal Resuscitation Skills by Pediatric Residents
Authors: Patel Jay , Posencheg Michael , Ades Anne 
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND:
The basic knowledge and skill base to resuscitate a newborn infant is taught in the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP). We hypothesize that caregivers will perform below current acceptable standards before the recertification period of two years.

METHODS:
This is a prospective descriptive study evaluating performance of pediatric residents’ NRP knowledge and skills over time. NRP scores are used as baseline data. Follow-up is performed before the resident's first NICU rotation. Differences in the mean scores are analyzed for degree of retention. Subset score analysis is also performed.

RESULTS:
Eighty-eight subjects completed both evaluations. Knowledge scores maintained close to passing throughout the academic year. Subset evaluation revealed significant deficits within the intubation lesson. Alarming deficits were seen in skills evaluation starting at initial NRP certification with 39.1% residents having failing scores. Mean scores were below passing for every group on follow-up testing. Subgroup analysis of skills revealed deficits in the initial phases of resuscitation (lessons 1–3).

CONCLUSIONS:
Deterioration of skills is seen shortly after training. It appears that knowledge is generally better retained. Discrepancies between areas of knowledge and skill deterioration indicate that proficiency in one does not necessarily indicate proficiency of the other.
A Systematic Review of Long-Acting β2-Agonists Versus Higher Doses of Inhaled Corticosteroids in Asthma
Authors: Castro-Rodriguez Jose A. , Rodrigo Gustavo J. 
Published: August 2012

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) plus long-acting β2 agonist (LABA) versus higher doses of ICS in children/adolescents with uncontrolled persistent asthma.

METHODS:
Randomized, prospective, controlled trials published January 1996 to January 2012 with a minimum of 4 weeks of LABA+ICS versus higher doses of ICS were retrieved through Medline, Embase, Central, and manufacturer’s databases. The primary outcome was asthma exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids; secondary outcomes were the pulmonary function test (PEF), withdrawals during the treatment period, days without symptoms, use of rescue medication, and adverse events.

RESULTS:
Nine studies (n = 1641 patients) met criteria for inclusion (7 compared LABA+ICS versus double ICS doses and 2 LABA+ICS versus higher than double ICS doses). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of patients with asthma exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids between children receiving LABA+ICS and those receiving higher doses of ICS (odds ratio = 0.76; 95% confidence interval: 0.48–1.22, P = .25, I2 = 16%). In the subgroup analysis, patients receiving LABA+ICS showed a decreased risk of asthma exacerbations compared with higher than twice ICS doses (odds ratio = 0.48; 95% confidence interval: 0.28–0.82, P = .007, I2= 0). Children treated with LABA+ICS had significantly higher PEF, less use of rescue medication, and higher short-term growth than those on higher ICS doses. There were no other significant differences in adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS:
There were no statistically significant group differences between ICS+LABA and double doses of ICS in reducing the incidence of asthma exacerbations but it did decrease the risk comparing to higher than double doses of ICS.
A Systematic Review of Vocational Interventions for Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Taylor Julie Lounds , McPheeters Melissa L. , Sathe Nila A. , Dove Dwayne , Veenstra-VanderWeele Jeremy , Warren Zachary 
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Many individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are approaching adolescence and young adulthood; interventions to assist these individuals with vocational skills are not well understood. This study systematically reviewed evidence regarding vocational interventions for individuals with ASD between the ages of 13 and 30 years.

METHODS:
The Medline, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases (1980–December 2011) and reference lists of included articles were searched. Two reviewers independently assessed each study against predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently extracted data regarding participant and intervention characteristics, assessment techniques, and outcomes, and assigned overall quality and strength of evidence ratings based on predetermined criteria.

RESULTS:
Five studies were identified; all were of poor quality and all focused on on-the-job supports as the employment/vocational intervention. Short-term studies reported that supported employment was associated with improvements in quality of life (1 study), ASD symptoms (1 study), and cognitive functioning (1 study). Three studies reported that interventions increased rates of employment for young adults with ASD.

CONCLUSIONS:
Few studies have been conducted to assess vocational interventions for adolescents and young adults with ASD. As such, there is very little evidence available for specific vocational treatment approaches as individuals transition to adulthood. All studies of vocational approaches were of poor quality, which may reflect the recent emergence of this area of research. Individual studies suggest that vocational programs may increase employment success for some; however, our ability to understand the overall benefit of supported employment programs is limited given the existing research.
Levels of Neonatal Care
Authors:   COMMITTEE ON FETUS AND NEWBORN, Barfield Wanda Denise , Papile Lu-Ann , Baley Jill E. , Benitz William , Cummings James , Carlo Waldemar A. , Kumar Praveen , Polin Richard A. , Tan Rosemarie C. , Wang Kasper S. , Watterberg Kristi L. 
Published: August 2012

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed December 2021.
Provision of risk-appropriate care for newborn infants and mothers was first proposed in 1976. This updated policy statement provides a review of data supporting evidence for a tiered provision of care and reaffirms the need for uniform, nationally applicable definitions and consistent standards of service for public health to improve neonatal outcomes. Facilities that provide hospital care for newborn infants should be classified on the basis of functional capabilities, and these facilities should be organized within a regionalized system of perinatal care.
A First-Principles Study of Pd-Pt Nanoclusters and their Hydrogen Adsorption Properties
Authors: Tan Teck L. , Bai Kewu 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTTo demonstrate the effects of particle size and alloying on hydrogen adsorption on metals, we explore stable configurations of Pd-Pt alloy using a 55-atom cubo-octahedron. Via first-principles based cluster expansion method, we obtained groundstate configurations and show how their hydrogen adsorption energies change with Pd-Pt composition. Comparison with surface adsorption energies further shows the effect of particle size.
Non-HDL Cholesterol and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zabeen S , Rahman MR , Mustafa TG , Eusufzai NH , Shermin S 
Published: August 2012

Non-High density lipoprotein cholesterol reflects total cholesterol minus HDL cholesterol and encompasses all cholesterol present in potentially atherogenic lipoprotein particles. It has been recently suggested that Non-HDL cholesterol might be a useful marker and a better predictor of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic subjects. The study was designed to explore the role of non- HDL cholesterol in diabetic population. It was a case-control study. 150 subjects irrespective of sex were selected. Of them 103 were diabetic and 47 were non-diabetic. The lipid profile including total cholesterol, TG and HDL-C were measured following standard method & procedure. LDL-C was calculated using Friedwald's formula. TG concentration of >400 mg/dl were excluded from the study. Non HDL-C is calculated by subtracting the level of HDL cholesterol from total cholesterol. Unpaired t test and chi square test were done to find out the level of significance. Non-HDL cholesterol was compared between the study groups and significant differences were observed (p value <0.001). Non-HDL cholesterol is elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus and therefore should perform as a routine assessment in all diabetic subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v3i2.11688 AKMMC J 2012: 3(2): 15-18