bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the attitudes and knowledge of support workers towards individuals with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Golding Natalie S , Rose John 
Published: December 2014

Background: The aim of this study is to explore support workers’ attitudes and knowledge towards individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) to see whether a new attitude scale needs to be developed. Method: Support workers from a charitable organization located in the West Midlands in the United Kingdom participated in one of four focus groups conducted in late 2013. Thematic analysis was then conducted which identified the emergent themes from the focus groups. Results: Five themes emerged from the analysis, namely, discrimination of people with IDs, attitude change, impacts of integration, their role as a carer and the impact of training. Only one theme, ‘the impacts of integration’, is clearly represented in current attitude scales; ‘their role as a carer’ and ‘discrimination of people with IDs’ are partially represented. Conclusion: These results suggest that current attitude scales do not accurately measure the attitudes of support workers; therefore, a modified attitude scale could be developed to incorporate findings from this study.
Pilot Study of Cartilage Repair in the Knee Joint with Multiply Incised Chondral Allograft
Authors: Bardos Tamas , Vancsodi Jozsef , Farkas Boglarka , Fazekas Adam , Nagy Szilvia Anett , Bogner Peter , Vermes Csaba , Than Peter 
Published: December 2014

Background Focal cartilage lesions in the knee joint have limited capacity to heal. Current animal experiments show that incisions of the deep zone of a cartilage allograft allow acceptable integration for the graft. Questions/Purposes We performed this clinical study to determine (1) if the multiply incised cartilage graft is surgically applicable for focal cartilage lesions, (2) whether this allograft has a potential to integrate to the repair site, and (3) if patients show clinical improvement. Patients and Methods Seven patients with 8 chondral lesions were enrolled into the study. Symptomatic lesions between 2 and 8 cm2 were accepted. Additional injuries were allowed but were addressed simultaneously. Grafts were tailored to match and the deep zone of the cartilage was multiply incised to augment the basal integration before securing in place. Rigorous postoperative physiotherapy followed. At 12 and 24 months the patients’ satisfaction were measured and serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 6 patients. Results Following the implantations no adverse reaction occurred. MRI evaluation postoperatively showed the graft in place in 5 out of 6 patients. In 1 patient, MRI suggested partial delamination at 1 year and graft degeneration at 2 years. Short Form–36 health survey and the Lysholm knee score demonstrated a significant improvement in the first year; however, by 2 years there was a noticeable drop in the scores. Conclusions. Multiply incised pure chondral allograft used for cartilage repair appears to be a relatively safe method. Further studies are necessary to assess its potential in cartilage repair before its clinical use.
Development of a Web Service for Analysis in a Distributed Network
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqian , Wu Yuan , Marsolo Keith , Ohno-Machado Lucila 
Published: December 2014

Objective: We describe functional specifications and practicalities in the
software development process for a web service that allows the construction of the
multivariate logistic regression model, Grid Logistic Regression (GLORE), by aggregating
partial estimates from distributed sites, with no exchange of patient-level
data.Background: We recently developed and published a web service for model
construction and data analysis in a distributed environment. This recent paper provided
an overview of the system that is useful for users, but included very few details that
are relevant for biomedical informatics developers or network security personnel who may
be interested in implementing this or similar systems. We focus here on how the system
was conceived and implemented.Methods: We followed a two-stage development approach by
first implementing the backbone system and incrementally improving the user experience
through interactions with potential users during the development. Our system went
through various stages such as concept proof, algorithm validation, user interface
development, and system testing. We used the Zoho Project management system to track
tasks and milestones. We leveraged Google Code and Apache Subversion to share code among
team members, and developed an applet-servlet architecture to support the cross platform
deployment.Discussion: During the development process, we encountered challenges such as
Information Technology (IT) infrastructure gaps and limited team experience in
user-interface design. We figured out solutions as well as enabling factors to support
the translation of an innovative privacy-preserving, distributed modeling technology
into a working prototype.Conclusion: Using GLORE (a distributed model that we developed
earlier) as a pilot example, we demonstrated the feasibility of building and integrating
distributed modeling technology into a usable framework that can support
privacy-preserving, distributed data analysis among researchers at geographically
dispersed institutes.
Support and Self-Efficacy Among Latino and White Parents of Children With ID
Authors: Cohen Shana R. , Holloway Susan D. , Domínguez-Pareto Irenka , Kuppermann Miriam 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Research indicates that mothers of children with ID who receive familial support experience less stress than those who receive less support. Less is known about the relation of support to mothers' evaluation of parenting self-efficacy, particularly in Latino families. We examined the relationship of different types of family support to life satisfaction and parenting self-efficacy (PSE), and explored whether income and ethnicity moderated these relationships. Interviews with 84 Latino and 37 White participants revealed that partner emotional support predicted life satisfaction and PSE in both ethnic groups, with a stronger relationship evident for the PSE of Latino mothers. Income was not a significant moderator. These findings provide guidance for more effective family interventions targeted toward Latinos.
Variability of the Aging Process in Dementia-Free Adults With Down Syndrome
Authors: Tsao Raphaele , Kindelberger Cecile , Fréminville Benedicte , Touraine Renaud , Bussy Gerald 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the typical aging process in adults with Down syndrome, focusing on its variability. The sample comprised 120 adults with Down syndrome who were free of dementia. Ages ranged from 20 to 69 years. Each participant was assessed on cognitive functioning and social adaptation, and was checked for the presence of psychopathological disorders. Results revealed an age-related deterioration in both cognitive and social adaptation skills, the extent of this decline depending on the dimension under scrutiny, and interindividual variability in aging profiles.
Predictors of Specialized Inpatient Admissions for Adults With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Modi Miti , McMorris Carly , Palucka Anna , Raina Poonam , Lunsky Yona 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) have complex mental health needs and may seek specialized ID psychiatric services. This study reports on predictors of specialized inpatient admissions for 234 individuals with ID who received outpatient services at a psychiatric hospital. Overall, from 2007-2012, 55 of the 234 outpatients were triaged into the specialized inpatient unit. Aggression towards others and psychotropic polypharmacy significantly predicted these admissions. Unlike previous research, schizophrenia and level of ID did not predict admissions, suggesting that these factors may have a differential impact in specialized versus mainstream inpatient services. Findings are discussed in relation to how specialized inpatient units can be most responsive to these vulnerable patients and the factors that may impact clinical decision making.
Zuverlässige Objekt-Erkennung und -Ortung mit einem 3D-Ultraschall Sensor
Authors: Walter Christian , Schweinzer Herbert 
Published: December 2014

Zusammenfassung
Hochauflösende akustische Laufzeitmessung mehrerer Sender/Empfänger
Paare ermöglichen die Bestimmung des Abstands und der Richtung von
Reflexionspunkten im Raum. Die Beherrschung komplexer
Objekt-Konstellationen durch ausgefeilte
Sensorkonstruktion sichert eine hohe Qualität der
Messwerte. Damit können Lage,
Orientierung und Typ von geometrischen Objekten bestimmt
werden. Der Artikel beschreibt die Funktionsweise des
Sensors und der verwendeten Verfahren. Eine
experimentelle Verifikation in einem typischen Büroraum demonstriert die
Erkennung von mehreren Ebenen und einem Zylinder.
ATR-Photometer zur Bestimmung der
Isocyanatkonzentration in Prozessanwendungen
Authors: Theuer Michael , Hennig Steffen , Ferstl Wolfgang , Konz Werner , Lambrecht Armin 
Published: December 2014

Zusammenfassung
Typische Spektrometer im mittleren Infrarot verwenden aufgrund der
starken Absorption in flüssigen Medien Transmissionsküvetten mit kleinsten
Schichtdicken. Durch die damit einhergehende Verstopfungsproblematik werden
diese im Vergleich zu Messzellen oder Sonden in anderen Spektralbereichen
wartungsintensiver. Der Einsatz der ATR (abgeschwächte Totalreflexion) Technik
erlaubt dahingegen eine Messung mit effektiv kleinen Absorptionslängen in
Reflexionsgeometrie. Zusätzlich wird hier am Beispiel der Isocyanate eine
Anwendung vorgestellt, die es ermöglicht, die breitbandige Spektroskopie auf
die bekannte Photometrie zu reduzieren, um eine gleichzeitig sensitive und
robuste Messapplikation zu erhalten. Dieser vorgestellte Ansatz der ATR
Photometrie hat das Potential einer preiswerten inline Messlösung für
verschiedenste Anwendungen in der Prozessanalysentechnik (PAT).
Integrated systems analysis reveals a molecular network underlying autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Li Jingjing , Shi Minyi , Ma Zhihai , Zhao Shuchun , Euskirchen Ghia , Ziskin Jennifer , Urban Alexander , Hallmayer Joachim , Snyder Michael 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAutism is a complex disease whose etiology remains elusive. We integrated previously and newly generated data and developed a systems framework involving the interactome, gene expression and genome sequencing to identify a protein interaction module with members strongly enriched for autism candidate genes. Sequencing of 25 patients confirmed the involvement of this module in autism, which was subsequently validated using an independent cohort of over 500 patients. Expression of this module was dichotomized with a ubiquitously expressed subcomponent and another subcomponent preferentially expressed in the corpus callosum, which was significantly affected by our identified mutations in the network center. RNA‐sequencing of the corpus callosum from patients with autism exhibited extensive gene mis‐expression in this module, and our immunochemical analysis showed that the human corpus callosum is predominantly populated by oligodendrocyte cells. Analysis of functional genomic data further revealed a significant involvement of this module in the development of oligodendrocyte cells in mouse brain. Our analysis delineates a natural network involved in autism, helps uncover novel candidate genes for this disease and improves our understanding of its molecular pathology.
O murmurante evocador do passado: A Montanha Mágica e o romance de formação após a Primeira Guerra Mundial
Authors: Pereira Caldas Pedro Spinola 
Published: December 2014

Este artigo busca compreender como A montanha mágica (1924), romance de Thomas Mann (1875-1955), é uma elaboração diante do desafio imposto pela Primeira Guerra Mundial à literatura, mais precisamente como seria possível, com a crise inaugurada com o conflito, escrever um romance de formação. A literatura especializada já discute há algum tempo sobre a caracterização e definição de A montanha mágica como romance de formação, e, frequentemente, quando se decide pela identificação do romance com este gênero específico de romance, a obra de Mann é classificada como paródia. Meu objetivo consiste em mostrar como a paródia é somente uma das compreensões de tempo presentes no romance. Tentarei, portanto, mostrar como, além de uma relação paródica com o passado, podemos perceber, sobretudo com o auxílio do estudo de cartas, diárias e ensaios de Thomas Mann produzidos entre 1914 e 1924, como o passado pode ser superado, mas, sobretudo, angustiado. Assim, procura-se, neste estudo, compreender, a partir de A montanha mágica, a angústia como uma forma pela qual o passado escapa de ser superado ou manipulado pela paródia. Ele também pode surpreender e nos afetar, suspendendo tentativas de controle e uso.
Modos ficcionais e historicidade: Charles Dickens, Franz Kafka, Raymond Carver
Authors: Franco Gustavo Naves 
Published: December 2014

O artigo propõe uma leitura comparativa das obras de Charles Dickens (1812-1870), Franz Kafka (1883-1924) e Raymond Carver (1938-1988), com base na “Teoria dos Modos” de Northrop Frye. Neste percurso, os diferentes usos do modo cômico e do modo trágico são analisados como signos de historicidade que acompanham transformações culturais verificadas entre os séculos XIX e XX no ocidente. Observa-se, então, que os contrapontos modais recorrentes em cada autor criam uma dinâmica de identidades e diferenças entre suas narrativas, bem como entre os textos e as circunstâncias contextuais em que emergem. E, por fim, é indicada uma possibilidade de mobilização desses recursos analíticos para o entendimento de aspectos da relação entre literatura e sociedade no período pós-1945, quando a proeminência do modo trágico confere relevância distintiva às manifestações pontuais do cômico na ficção.
Nome próprio e descrição do social: poética da nomeação em Balzac
Authors: Campos Raquel 
Published: December 2014

Uma figura sintetiza a dimensão do projeto literário balzaquiano: “fazer concorrência ao registro civil”. Ela expressa a medida da inédita ambição realista de que Balzac dotou o gênero do romance, ao conferir-lhe o poder de descrever o social. Ela também indica o lugar central que o nome próprio tomou em A comédia humana como história da França no século XIX. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a poética da nomeação em Balzac, examinando as funções do nome próprio em sua obra e o modo como ele nomeou suas personagens. Minha hipótese é a de que o romancista constitui um capítulo fundamental da história da onomástica literária: com ele, o nome próprio tornou-se uma questão capital do romance e a motivação impôs-se como um verdadeiro topos literário.
“O historiador das consciências delicadas”: ficção, realidade e ética na obra de Henry James
Authors: Da Silva Mello Luiza Larangeira 
Published: December 2014

Este artigo investiga o modo pelo qual o escritor anglo-americano Henry James (1843-1916) articula, em sua obra de crítica literária e ficção, as dimensões epistemológica, ética e cultural dos processos relativos ao conhecimento e representação literária da realidade. Para tanto, analisa-se a historicidade de certos aspectos formais e temáticos de seus textos, que sugerem o caráter fragmentário e instável da experiência cognitiva do real e das escolhas éticas que tomam esse conhecimento como esteio. Reconhecendo semelhanças entre esses aspectos da obra de James e aqueles da obra de outros autores modernistas, que subverteram certos princípios da representação do romance realista do século XIX, busca-se compreender as especificidades da crítica do autor americano ao realismo oitocentista, isto é, a maneira singular pela qual essa crítica está relacionada à sua interpretação da tradição intelectual norte-americana.
Optimal Cut Points for Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) Scales: Utility for Clinical Trials and Updates of Prognostic Systems in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Diouf Momar , Bonnetain Franck , Barbare Jean-Claude , Bouché Olivier , Dahan Laetitia , Paoletti Xavier , Filleron Thomas 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Background.
Health-related quality of life (QoL) has been validated as a prognostic factor for cancer patients; however, to be used in routine practice, QoL scores must be dichotomized. Cutoff points are usually based on arbitrary percentile values. We aimed to identify optimal cutoff points for six QoL scales and to quantify their added utility in the performance of four prognostic classifications in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods.
We reanalyzed data of 271 patients with advanced HCC recruited between July 2002 and October 2003 from 79 institutions in France in the CHOC trial, designed to assess the efficacy of long-acting octreotide. QoL was assessed with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30). The scores ranged from 0 to 100. Identification of optimal cutoff points was based on the method of Faraggi and Simon [Stat Med 1996;15:2203–2213]. Improvement in the performance of prognostic classifications was studied with Harrell's C-index, the net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).

Results.
We found that optimal cutoff points were 50 for global health, 58.33 for physical functioning, 66.67 for role functioning, 66.67 for fatigue, 0 for dyspnea, and 33.33 for diarrhea. The addition of QoL and clinical factors improved the performance of all four prognostic classifications, with improvement in the range of 0.02–0.09 for the C-index, 0.24–0.78 for 3-month NRI, and 0.02–0.10 for IDI.

Conclusion.
These cutoff values for QoL scales can be useful to identify HCC patients with very poor prognosis and thus improve design of clinical trials and treatment adjustment for these patients.
Signs and symptoms of TMJ disorders in adults after adolescent Herbst therapy: A 6-year and 32-year radiographic and clinical follow-up study
Authors: Pancherz Hans , Salé Hanna , Bjerklin Krister 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To analyze radiographic signs of temperomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis and clinical TMJ symptoms in patients 6 years and 32 years after treatment with a Herbst appliance.

Materials and Methods:
Fourteen patients were derived from a sample of 22 with Class II division 1 malocclusions consecutively treated with a banded Herbst appliance at the age of 12–14 years old (T1-T2). The subjects were reexamined after therapy at the ages of 20 years (T3) and 46 years (T4). The TMJs of the 14 patients were analyzed radiographically (conventional lateral tomography at T3 and cone-beam computed tomography at T4) and clinically/anamnestically at T3 and T4.

Results:
Six years after Herbst therapy, signs of osteoarthritis were seen in one patient. At the 32-year follow-up, two additional patients had developed signs of osteoarthritis. At the 6-year follow-up, TMJ clicking was present in two patients, though none of the patients reported TMJ pain. At the 32-year follow-up, six patients had TMJ clicking and one patient had TMJ pain.

Conclusions:
This longitudinal very-long-term follow-up study after Herbst therapy revealed only minor problems from the TMJ. The TMJ findings 6 years and 32 years after Herbst treatment corresponded to those in the general population. Thus, in the very long term, the Herbst appliance does not appear to be harmful to the TMJ.
Réaliser la gravité d'enjeux abstraits à travers une simulation : comprendre COP-RW comme un rite de passage
Authors: Goutx David 
Published: December 2014

Depuis plus de trente ans, des simulations sont organisées pour former les négociateurs aux subtilités des relations internationales. Bien conçues, elles permettent aux joueurs de faire l’apprentissage des mécanismes de la négociation, d’acquérir des expériences fictives de référence et de s’exercer à la mobilisation de ces compétences complexes, dans des situations réalistes. Le rôle pédagogique joué par les émotions dans l’engagement des joueurs dans la simulation est bien connu : apprentissage efficace et mémorisation à long terme des compétences acquises. Toutefois, ces analyses confrontant l’évaluation des joueurs avant et après le jeu ne rendent pas compte de ce qui se passe pendant le jeu, et ce faisant, ne nous éclairent pas sur ce que les joueurs apprennent du déroulement de la simulation elle-même. La plupart des participants à ces simulations, expriment d’ailleurs leur frustration face à ce qu’il reste du jeu quand le jeu cesse. Nous tentons dans le présent article de rendre compte de cette « matière noire » de la simulation qui échappe aux observations ante post d’une simulation. Après avoir montré que COP-RW fut plutôt une simulation qu’un jeu pédagogique, nous analysons comment le jeu a malgré tout traversé et débordé la simulation, et comment sa fidélité à la réalité a créé un « espace de liminalité » ouvrant pour la plupart des joueurs des perspectives sur les enjeux de la négociation sur le changement climatique et sur eux-mêmes. Nous montrerons que ces joueurs ont vécu COP-RW comme un rite de passage leur permettant de saisir et d’assumer une responsabilité à agir.
Can Games Really Change the Course of History?
Authors: Susskind Lawrence , Schenk Todd 
Published: December 2014

Les exercices de simulation sous forme de jeu de rôle (SJR), et les jeux sérieux en général, peuvent être des outils puissants de formation, dans des situations très diverses, qu’il s’agisse d’enseignement ou de négociations à très forts enjeux. Dans certains cas, elles peuvent avoir un impact sur le résultat de négociations réelles. Cependant, selon notre expérience, les exercices de simulation SJR ne peuvent avoir un tel impact qu’à certaines conditions : elles doivent être réalistes et refléter la dynamique des situations réelles ; un animateur compétent doit activement aider les participants à assimiler les résultats de la simulation ; les participants doivent avoir partagé des instructions générales qui établissent le contexte et des instructions spécifiques confidentielles leur permettant de jouer leur rôle de manière appropriée ; et surtout, les exercices de simulations doivent être joués par les participants aux négociations réelles. Même quand les exercices de simulation n’ont pas d’impact sur les négociations réelles, elles peuvent produire des enseignements cruciaux et transmettre des compétences importantes en matière de négociation.
Sécurité psychologique des participants et apport des simulations de négociation pour la recherche et la pratique : des objectifs irréconciliables ?
Authors: de Carlo Laurence 
Published: December 2014

Ce dossier spécial a réuni cinq articles d’auteurs français, néerlandais et états-uniens qui se sont penchés sur un thème peu traité dans le champ de la négociation : l’apport potentiel des simulations de négociations à la recherche et à la pratique. Chaque article a développé une analyse approfondie d’expérience(s) de simulations complexes. Dans cette conclusion, je vais soulever une dimension abordée de manière plus ou moins explicite et directe dans ces articles, soit la sécurité psychologique des participants aux simulations. Il ne va donc pas s’agir ici d’une synthèse du dossier spécial mais plutôt d’une mise en lien des articles dans une problématique particulière.