bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lamotrigine vs levetiracetam in female patients of childbearing age with juvenile absence epilepsy: A Bayesian reanalysis
Authors: Cerulli Irelli Emanuele , Cocchi Enrico , Gesche Joanna , Peña‐Ceballos Javier , Caraballo Roberto H. , Lattanzi Simona , Strigaro Gionata , Orlando Biagio , Moloney Patrick B. , Catania Cecilia , Ferlazzo Edoardo , Pascarella Angelo , Casciato Sara , Pizzanelli Chiara , Milano Chiara , Giuliano Loretta , Viola Veronica , Mostacci Barbara , Fortunato Francesco , Pulitano Patrizia , Rosati Eleonora , Perulli Marco , Delanty Norman , Di Gennaro Giancarlo , Gambardella Antonio , Labate Angelo , Operto Francesca F. , Giallonardo Anna T. , Baykan Betul , Beier Christoph P. ,   Women with Epilepsy Treatment Options and Research (WETOR) study group, Di Bonaventura Carlo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveWomen of childbearing age with juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) face treatment challenges due to limited access to safe and effective anti‐seizure medications (ASMs). In a previous study we compared the effectiveness of levetiracetam (LEV) and lamotrigine (LTG) in women with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), highlighting a superiority of LEV in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. In this study, we specifically reanalyzed, through a Bayesian approach and by expanding the previously published cohort, the comparative effectiveness of these ASMs as initial monotherapy in JAE.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, retrospective, comparative effectiveness study on women of childbearing age diagnosed with JAE and prescribed LEV or LTG as the initial ASM. Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) Bayesian Cox proportional hazard models were employed to evaluate treatment failure (TF) due to ineffectiveness and ASM retention. The patients’ center of provenance and year of prescription were considered as random effect factors. Posterior probabilities and relative log‐risk distribution were computed, and the distribution of posterior draws was analyzed to assess the evidence supporting LTG superiority over LEV.ResultsOf 123 patients, those treated with LTG (n = 67) demonstrated lower TF and higher ASM retention than those treated with LEV (n = 56), with the IPTW‐weighted Bayesian Cox proportional hazards model showing a 99.2% posterior probability of LTG being superior on TF and a 99.5% probability on ASM retention. Additional analyses on ≥50% and ≥75% seizure reduction through IPTW‐weighted Bayesian logistic regression largely confirmed these findings, whereas the two ASMs did not show evident differences in terms of seizure freedom. The two ASMs showed comparable safety profiles, with only a minority of patients discontinuing treatment due to side effects.SignificanceBayesian reanalysis supports LTG as first‐line monotherapy for JAE in women of childbearing age, emphasizing the importance of individualized treatment strategies in women with IGE. This study underscores the value of Bayesian methods in refining clinical research and treatment decisions.
Evaluating the performance of a system model in predicting zooplankton dynamics: Insights from the Bering Sea ecosystem
Authors: Sullaway Genoa , Cunningham Curry J. , Kimmel David , Pilcher Darren J. , Thorson James T. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how ecosystem change influences fishery resources through trophic pathways is a key tenet of ecosystem‐based fishery management. System models (SM), which use numerical modeling to describe physical and biological processes, can advance inclusion of ecosystem and prey information in fisheries management; however, incorporating SMs in management requires evaluation against empirical data. The Bering Ecosystem Study Nutrient‐Phytoplankton‐Zooplankton (BESTNPZ) model is an SM (originally created by the Bering Ecosystem Study, which initiated in 2006 and was expanded by Kearney et al.) includes zooplankton biomass hindcasts for the Bering Sea. In the Bering Sea, zooplankton are an important prey item for fishery species, yet the zooplankton component of this SM has not been validated against empirical data. We compared empirical zooplankton data to BESTNPZ hindcast estimates for three zooplankton functional groups and found that the two sources of information are on different absolute scales. We found high correlation between relative seasonal biomass trends estimated by BESTNPZ and empirical data for large off‐shelf copepods (Neocalanus spp.) and low correlations for large on‐shelf copepods and small copepods (Calanus spp. and Pseudocalanus spp., respectively). To address these discrepancies, we constructed hybrid species distribution models (H‐SDM), which predict zooplankton biomass using the BESTNPZ hindcast and environmental covariates. We found that H‐SDMs offered marginal improvements over correlative species distribution models (C‐SDMs) relying solely on empirical data for spatial extrapolation and little improvement for most functional groups when forecasting short‐term temporal zooplankton biomass trends. Overall, we suggest that interpretation of current BESTNPZ hindcasts should be tempered by our understanding of key mismatches in absolute scale, seasonality, and annual indices between BESTNPZ and empirical data.
Patterns and Drivers of Taxonomic and Functional Change in Large Oceanic Island Bird Assemblages
Authors: Soares Filipa C. , de Lima Ricardo F. , Rodrigues Ana S. L. , Cardoso Pedro , Matthews Thomas J. , Palmeirim Jorge M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTAimWe map global patterns of taxonomic and functional change between past (pre‐human impacts) and present (after anthropogenic extinctions and introductions) in large oceanic island bird assemblages and investigate if these patterns can be explained by island characteristics and anthropogenic factors.LocationSixty‐four oceanic islands (>100 km2).Time PeriodLate Holocene.Major Taxa StudiedTerrestrial and freshwater bird species.MethodsWe compiled information on extinct, extant native and introduced bird species for all islands and used a probabilistic hypervolume approach to build a multi‐dimensional trait space and calculate several functional diversity metrics before and after extinctions and introductions. We identified which islands are global hotspots of human‐induced transformation by mapping multiple facets of biotic change and investigated intrinsic island characteristics and anthropogenic factors as drivers for these observed patterns.ResultsThe Hawaiian and Mascarene islands stand out as hotspots of taxonomic and functional change, but all islands changed taxonomically and functionally, mostly gaining species but losing functional richness. Taxonomic and functional changes vary across islands but are often consistent within the same archipelago. Island isolation and surface can explain some of the observed variations, but anthropogenic factors, namely human occupation, also shaped both taxonomic and functional changes. Islands with higher human pressure, as well as larger islands with high elevation ranges, tended to have greater losses in functional richness.Main ConclusionsMost biodiversity change assessments are still largely based exclusively on taxonomic diversity, which is particularly worrying in the case of oceanic islands given that the magnitude of functional diversity change is often considerably larger. We call for comprehensive assessments of changes in both taxonomic and functional diversity across oceanic islands in order to better understand the drivers of these changes and, in turn, predict future trends.
Co‐Design Workshops to Develop a Psychosocial Support Service Model for Refugees in Sweden Affected by Gender‐Based Violence
Authors: Pérez‐Aronsson Anna , Inge Elin , Alanbari Heba , Alsalamah Iman , Ghannoum Miras , Mohammad Zozan Abu , Metso Frida Johansson , Holmqvist Frida , Belachew Johanna , Filén Tove , Hennoks Frida Pålsson , Sarkadi Anna , Warner Georgina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundExperiencing gender‐based violence (GBV) is common among refugees. Intersecting systems of oppression can increase the risk of GBV and of suffering detrimental consequences, while concurrently creating barriers to meaningful support. Despite this, refugees with lived experience of GBV are rarely involved in the development, planning and adaptation of services and policies.MethodsThis article reports on a formative research process that aimed to involve public contributors (refugee victim‐survivors of GBV) and relevant stakeholders in co‐designing a service model aimed at improving psychosocial support in Sweden. Led by a partnership of public contributors and academic researchers, the research process consisted of iterative cycles of co‐design workshops, complemented by scoping of existing literature.ResultsThe co‐design process resulted in a characterisation of the psychosocial service system needs, as perceived by the survivor co‐researchers and stakeholders, and a two‐level empowerment and support service model. The model included (i) a community‐based intervention to promote help‐seeking and (ii) psychosocial group support delivered in specialist clinics. Outcomes of the project included perceived benefits for those involved, service‐led direct changes and acquisition of funding for continued research on the co‐designed model.ConclusionImproving psychosocial support for refugees in Sweden affected by GBV requires safe spaces to connect with peers and familiarise with available services, laws and rights in the society. Further, strengthened collaborations across sectors are necessary to meet the variety of needs. Co‐design workshops were an effective way to initiate changes in the service delivery model for psychosocial support for refugees in Sweden affected by GBV.Patient or Public ContributionsThis is a participatory reflection on a participatory process. The survivor co‐researchers contributed to designing and carrying out the PPI process and have co‐authored this manuscript.
Enhancing Soil Resilience and Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Yield: Mid‐Term Effects of Compost and Glauconite Integration
Authors: Shabana Mahmoud M. A. , AL‐Huqail Arwa Abdulkreem , Alla Hitham E. A. Nemeat , Kheir Ahmed M. S. , El‐Sharkawy Mahmoud 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTSugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a globally significant crop, valued for its economic importance in sugar production. Saline‐sodic soil environments negatively impact sugar beet productivity. This study investigates the effects of using compost, glauconite enriched‐K and their combinations in mitigating the saline‐sodic soil environment, sugar beet productivity and extracted sugar quality. A two‐season field experiment in split‐plot design with the main plots is three doses of compost: control (C0), recommended (100%) dose (C1) and 150% recommended dose (C2). Each group divided into four subplots of glauconite treatments arranged according to the recommended dose of potassium (K) as follows: G0 (no glauconite), G1 (50% K), G2 (100% K, 480 Kg glauconite Fed−1) and G3 (150% K). The results showed that compost and glauconite mitigated adverse soil effects caused by salinity and sodicity. The C2G3 treatment reduced electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), improved organic matter and enhanced soil bulk density, porosity and penetration resistance. This combination also increased soil nutrients (N, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu). Regarding the sugar beet yield, C2G3 improved root yield, top yield, sugar yield and extracted sugar. The application of glauconite increased root diameter by 20% and root length by 23%, enhanced sugar quality with minimal sugar losses to molasses (2.43%), and reduced impurities of K, α‐amino N and Na. Principal component analysis showed positive correlations between root yield and soil potassium, organic matter, cation exchange capacity and soil porosity, with negative correlations to bulk density, EC, pH and ESP. Two‐way analysis of main (ANOM) illustrated significant effects of compost and glauconite on soil–plant interactions. Multivariate analysis indicated that higher glauconite doses significantly enhanced root yield. The Gag run charts confirmed that compost (100%) and G3 levels explored more homogeneity reducing the ESP%, increasing sugar beet root yield, sugar yield and quality.
Removal of leads broken during extraction: A comparison of different approaches and tools
Authors: Kutarski Andrzej , Jacheć Wojciech , Pietura Radosław , Stefańczyk Paweł , Kosior Jarosław , Czakowski Marek , Sawonik Sebastian , Tułecki Łukasz , Nowosielecka Dorota 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundExtraction of a broken lead fragment (BLF) has received scant attention in the literature.MethodsRetrospective analysis was to compare the effectiveness of different approaches and tools used for BLF removal during 127 procedures.ResultsA superior approach was the most popular (75.6%), femoral (15.7%) and combined (8.7%) approaches were the least common. Of 127 BLFs 78 (61.4%) were removed in their entirety and BLF length was significantly reduced to less than 4 cm in 21 (16.5%) or lead tip in 12 (9.4%) cases. The best results were achieved when BLFs were longer (>4 cm) (62/93 66.7% of longer BLFs), either in the case of BLFs free‐floating in vascular bed including pulmonary circulation (68.4% of them) but not in cases of short BLFs (20.0% of short BLFs). Complete procedural success was achieved in 57.5% of procedures, the lead tip retained in the heart wall in 12 cases (9.4%) and short BLFs were found in 26.0%, whereas BLFs >4 cm were left in place in four cases (3.1%) of procedures only. There was no relationship between approach in lead remnant removal and long‐term mortality.Conclusions(1) Effectiveness of fractured lead removal is satisfactory: entire BLFs were removed in 61.4% (total procedural success—57.5%, was lower because five major complications occurred) and BLF length was significantly reduced in 26.0%. (2) Among the broken leads, leads with a long stay in the patient (16.3 years on average), passive leads (97.6%) and pacemaker leads 92.1% are significantly more common, but not ICD leads (only 7.9% of lead fractures) compared to TLE without lead fractures. (3) Broken lead removal (superior approach) using a CS access sheath as a “subclavian workstation” for continuation of dilatation with conventional tools deserves attention. (4) Lead fracture management should become an integral part of training in transvenous lead extraction.
Unclear host taxonomy hinders parasite studies: An up‐to‐date checklist of the protozoan and metazoan parasites of Phoxinus minnows (Teleostei: Leuciscidae)
Authors: Esposito Anaïs , Denys Gaël P. J. , Foata Joséphine , Quilichini Yann 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhoxinus minnows are small freshwater fish found throughout Eurasia. The taxonomy of this genus is still under investigation, and new species are regularly described. They are frequently introduced outside their native range due to their use as live bait for angling, and such fish introductions can have diverse impacts on the recipient areas. Before the rise in interest regarding the diversity of this genus in the past 15 years, studies carried out on their biology and ecology reported their findings for the Eurasian minnow Phoxinus phoxinus Linnaeus, 1758, which was then considered ubiquitous. A parasites checklist for Phoxinus minnows has yet to be published, and the recent progress on the taxonomy of this genus has enabled us to propose a reassignment of parasite records to their proper host. The most thoroughly studied potential species were the North European species Phoxinus sp. 7 sensu Palandačić et al. 2017, Phoxinus isetensis, and P. phoxinus. We were able to highlight a gap in knowledge for numerous species that have received little‐to‐no attention in terms of parasitology. Systematic molecular identification of Phoxinus minnows should be conducted when studying their parasites, as a reliable identification of the host is vital in parasitology research. Future research will certainly reveal a species‐specific composition of the parasitofauna occurring in Phoxinus, especially among widespread parasites such as Gyrodactylus and Diplostomum. Such specificities could even become tools for assessing the introduction routes of Phoxinus species.
From hatching to juvenile: Larval development of Vieja fenestrata (Teleostei: Cichlidae)
Authors: Contreras‐Tapia Rubén Alonso , Benítez‐Díaz Mirón Marcela Ivonne , Garza Mouriño Gabriela , Castellanos‐Páez María Elena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the early development of Vieja fenestrata (Cichlidae), with a specific focus on the description of external morphological and morphometric changes, and growth patterns from hatching to the loss of larval characters under controlled laboratory conditions at a temperature of 28°C. Asynchronous hatching was observed between 58 and 60 h postfertilization, with the posterior body emerging first. Over 14 days, significant morphological, physiological, and behavioral changes were observed, revealing a complex developmental trajectory. The initial developmental phases were characterized by rapid vascularization, fin differentiation, and heightened activity, and the subsequent days witnessed the flexion of the notochord, emergence of swim bladder functionality, and transition to exogenous feeding. Maturation progressed with the absorption of the yolk sac, regression of cement glands, and fin ray development, culminating in metamorphosis by 14 days post‐hatching. Throughout this period, evolving pigmentation patterns and structural adaptations highlight the species' adaptive strategies. During the larval period of V. fenestrata, substantial changes in morphological proportions were observed. Before the inflection, tail length, trunk length, and body depth had negative allometric growth, and head length, eye diameter, and snout length had positive allometric growth. After the inflection, body depth and snout length showed positive allometric growth; head length and trunk length exhibited isometric growth, whereas tail length and eye diameter demonstrated negative allometric growth. These findings contribute insights into the intricate developmental dynamics of V. fenestrata. Moreover, further research may explore these developmental dynamics' ecological and evolutionary implications.
Cost‐effective endoscopic screening for gastric cancer in a cohort with low Helicobacter pylori prevalence
Authors: Ishibashi Fumiaki , Suzuki Sho , Kobayashi Konomi , Tanaka Ryu , Kawakami Tomohiro , Mochida Kentaro , Nagai Mizuki , Ishibashi Yuichi , Morishita Tetsuo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimPeriodic endoscopic screening for gastric cancer (GC) is widely performed in East Asia; however, the optimal screening strategy remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the most cost‐effective endoscopic screening strategy for the detection and treatment of GC in a cohort with a low Helicobacter pylori prevalence.MethodsThe following data were retrospectively extracted from participants who received screening endoscopy between April 2019 and March 2023: age, H. pylori infection status, presence of intestinal metaplasia, pathological diagnosis of GC, and the interval between the most recent endoscopies. A Markov state transition model was constructed based on the cohort data. The cost‐effectiveness of 15 strategies with different starting ages (40/50/60 years) and screening intervals (1/2/3/4/5 years) was compared. The net monetary benefit (NMB) and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) of quality‐adjusted life‐years gained by treatment were used as outcomes.ResultsA simulation model was constructed based on the cohort data of 94 137 participants (mean age 54.5 years, males 57.9%; 74.4% H. pylori‐naïve, 94.2% intestinal metaplasia‐negative). The results of the base‐case analysis showed that the screening strategy of 4‐year intervals starting at the age of 40 years had the highest NMB (97 401 578 yen). In both the Monte Carlo simulation and one‐way sensitivity analysis with a varying probability of H. pylori infection status transition, the ICER was superior in the screening strategy every 4 years, starting at age 40 years.ConclusionsOur simulation showed that endoscopic screening at 4‐year intervals starting at the age of 40 years was the most cost‐effective method.
Family involvement in mental healthcare practice: Perspectives of mental health nurses, patients, and caregivers
Authors: Hsiao Chiu‐Yueh , Lu Huei‐Lan , Wu Kuan‐Yi , Li Chia‐Chun , Li Chi‐Rong , Tsai Yun‐Fang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionFamily engagement in care has been advocated to promote recovery for patients with mental health conditions. Attitudes of mental health nurses toward the importance of families influence the way they partner with families in mental healthcare. However, little is known about how mental health nurses engage with families and quality of family‐centered care (FCC) perceived by patients and caregivers. The study aimed to examine the mediating effect of family nursing practice on the association between mental health nurses' attitudes toward integrating families into care and quality of FCC perceived by patients with schizophrenia and caregivers.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted.MethodsA convenience sample of 143 dyads of patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers and 109 mental health nurses were recruited from inpatient wards at two psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan. Demographic and clinical questionnaires, Families' Importance in Nursing Care‐Nurses' Attitudes scale, Family Nursing Practice Scale, and Measure of Process of Care for Adults were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent‐sample t‐tests, one‐way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, paired‐sample t‐tests, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Mediation analyses were performed using Hayes' PROCESS macro in SPSS (Model 4) with bootstrapping.ResultsMental health nurses exhibited supportive attitudes toward integrating families into care (Mean = 98.96) and greater perceptions of family nursing practice (Mean = 2.44). The concordances between patients and caregivers on perceived quality of family‐centered care were significant (ICC = 0.63–0.77). Attitudes of mental health nurses toward integrating families into care had both the total and direct effects on all domains of quality of FCC perceived by patients and caregivers, respectively. The indirect effects of mental health nurses' attitudes toward integrating families into care on aspects of quality of FCC through family nursing practice were significant for patients (95% bias‐corrected bootstrap CI of 0.015–0.053) and caregivers (95% bias‐corrected bootstrap CI of 0.004–0.041). The magnitude of the indirect effects was medium to large for patients (ES = 0.209–0.257) and caregivers (ES = 0.148–0.221).ConclusionFamily nursing practice partially mediated the association between mental health nurses' attitudes toward integrating families into care and aspects of quality of FCC from perspectives of patients and caregivers.Clinical RelevanceInterventions tailoring mental health nurses' practice skills and reciprocity with families have the potential to enhance supportive attitudes of mental health nurses toward working with families and further improve perceived quality of FCC in patient‐caregiver dyads in mental healthcare practice.