bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenolic Compounds in Fresh and Dried Figs from Cilento (Italy), by Considering Breba Crop and Full Crop, in Comparison to Turkish and Greek Dried Figs
Authors: Russo Filippo , Caporaso Nicola , Paduano Antonello , Sacchi Raffaele 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFresh and dried figs are important components of the Mediterranean diet. In Cilento (Southern Italy), figs belonging to cultivar “Dottato” are used for the production of “PDO Cilento white figs,” as dried figs. In this article, we reported the characterization of the phenolic compounds in 19 fig samples: 9 fresh figs cultivar “Dottato” from Cilento (Italy), 10 dried fig samples from Cilento (2), Turkey (6), and Greece (2). The following phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/UV‐DAD: chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, luteolin‐3,7‐di‐O‐glucoside, luteolin 7‐glucoside, apigenin‐7‐O‐rutinoside, rutin, quercetin‐3‐glucoside, and cyanidin‐3‐O‐rutinoside. A discriminative analysis between the peel and pulp of the samples was carried out. The 1st crop (“breba”) and the 2nd one (full crop) from Dottato figs were considered, as well as the effect of fig pollination. The majority of the phenolic compounds were predominant in the fig peel. Significant quantitative differences were found among fresh figs, whereas also some qualitative differences were obtained between fresh and dried figs from the same origin in Dottato cultivar, and among dried figs from different origins. Breba crop resulted richer in phenolics than figs of the 2nd crop. Considering the dried figs, the Turkish ones had the highest concentration in phenolic compounds. Other compounds such as the aminoacids tyrosine and tryptophan were also detected by HPLC‐DAD analysis in Dottato figs, probably due to the similarity of their chemical structure.
Two new Brazilian species of Friesea Dalla Torre, 1895 (Collembola: Neanuridae)
Authors: Queiroz Gabriel Costa , de Mendonça Maria Cleide 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe fauna of south‐east Brazilian mountains was sampled and revealed two new species of Frieseinae, Friesea curupira sp. nov. and Friesea boitata sp. nov. The first is an unpigmented species with 1 + 1 eye, no furca and two anal spines. The second species is very similar to F. reducta Denis, 1931. Comments are made about a complex of species that also share many similarities within the ‘reducta group’. Remarks are made on tegumentar protuberances of subcoxae 1 of legs of Frieseinae.
Sentimental Capitalism in Contemporary India: Art, Heritage, and Development in Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Authors: Da Costa Dia 
Published: June 2014

AbstractUsing a critical cultural politics approach and deploying the concept of sentimental capitalism, this article problematizes the burgeoning creative economy discourse while analyzing spaces of art and heritage production in Ahmedabad, India. I situate the Cotton Exchange exhibit (April 2013) in an erstwhile mill in recent histories of mill closures, genocide, creative economy initiatives and development aspirations of revitalizing degraded space. I argue that in remaking place, art mobilizes sentiments—here, nostalgia and hope—while erasing violence and inequality. Sentimental capitalism is at work in the exhibition by mobilizing artisans as entrepreneurial agents not victims of capitalism; constructing art's aura of grassroots participation and artisanal empowerment while obscuring displacement and exploitation; and fostering cult‐like regard for art's intrinsic and instrumental value as non‐profit and its capacity to engender opportunity, recognition, and even property. While another spatial politics is possible, in Ahmedabad today, art is being mobilized to obscure dispossession and exploitation in the name of urban revitalization and heritage production.
Breaking the Ties That Bind: From Corporate Sustainability to Socially Sustainable Systems
Authors: Carbo Jerry , Langella Ian M. , Dao Viet T. , Haase Steven J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAlthough the recent push toward sustainability is certainly generally a positive development in business and society, we can see many problems in the execution of the theory of sustainability. Where the triple bottom line calls on companies to weigh effects on stakeholders and the environment alongside profit, in practice in many cases, sustainability has been perverted to represent sustainable profits. In these cases, environmental impact and effects on people are only important insofar as they positively contribute to a firm‘s future profits. It is not only practitioners who have often espoused this misappropriated view of sustainability but also academics have lent credibility to this view. In this work, we start by criticizing the often espoused current view of sustainability and remind academics of their responsibility to adapt a more critical view of this narrow focus. We provide examples that show how the current system of capitalism has resulted in outcomes for people and the environment that are patently unacceptable. Reasons are given as to why there is much hesitation to change the status quo. We then call on academics to reexamine what the role of businesses should be within society, what obligations business and corporations should have in society, and how we can encourage meaningful change that results in a better world for future generations.
Consumer Deception or Unwarranted Product Disparagement? The Case of Lean, Finely Textured Beef
Authors: Adams Ronald J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWhen celebrity chef Jamie Oliver used his television presence to denounce the inclusion of lean, finely textured beef (LFTB) in ground beef products sold to consumers and present in school lunches, a firestorm of protests ensued. Ultimately, processing plants were closed, employees laid off, school lunch programs were changed to exclude LFTB from their menus, and large retailers such as Costco and Walmart refused to sell products containing LFTB. Calls for mandatory labeling were proposed in Congress, the argument being that consumers had a right to know what was in the beef they were purchasing and feeding their families. Dubbed “pink slime” by its critics, LFTB is treated, processed beef renderings that are derived from trimmings that would otherwise be discarded or used for some inferior purpose such as animal food. This article chronicles the events surrounding the LFTB controversy, briefly reviews scientific evidence pertaining to its safety, and reviews public policy initiatives in the wake of public protests.
A Promissory Theory of the Duty to Tip
Authors: Kershnar Stephen 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this article, I argued that in contexts in which tipping is customary, there is a moral duty to tip or to explicitly tell the server that you will not be tipping. The evidence for this rests on anecdotes about people's mental states, and customers and server's intuitions about duties that would arise were a customer unable to tip his server. The promise is a speech act that is implicit in ordering food. The speech act must be matched by the server's uptake, which is implicit in her taking the order. The promise argument rests on an actual promise and not a merely hypothetical promise. If there is such a duty, then in the absence of an explicit content, its content is likely set by convention. The convention is that customers tip 15–20%. Thus, customers have a duty to tip servers 15–20%. Other purported moral considerations do not ground this duty. These include custom, desirable incentives, role‐relative obligation, and gratitude.
Firm Size and Ownership Structure: Effects on Motivations for Use of Business Community Involvement Practices
Authors: Santana Adele 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study presents an empirical investigation of the effects of size and ownership structure of the firm on the motivations for use of business community involvement practices. The “motivation‐mix” conceptual framework composed by commitment, calculation, conformance and caring motivational mechanisms is used for the conduction of eight comparative case studies. Results indicate that (1) size and ownership structure, per se, do not affect the motivations, and (2) high levels of calculation and low levels of caring are observed in one particular combination of size‐ownership structure: large, publicly held firms.
Pelvic and reproductive structures in placoderms (stem gnathostomes)
Authors: Trinajstic Kate , Boisvert Catherine , Long John , Maksimenko Anton , Johanson Zerina 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTNewly discovered pelvic and reproductive structures within placoderms, representing some of the most crownward members of the gnathostome stem group and the most basal jawed vertebrates, challenge established ideas on the origin of the pelvic girdle and reproductive complexity. Here we critically review previous descriptions of the pelvic structures in placoderms and reinterpret the morphology of the pelvic region within the arthrodires and ptyctodonts, in particular the position of the pelvic fin and the relationship of the male clasper to the pelvic girdle. Absence of clear articular surfaces on the clasper and girdle in the Arthrodira, along with evidence from the Ptyctodontida, suggest that these are separate structures along the body. We describe similarities between the pectoral and pelvic girdles and claspers, for example, all these have both dermal and perichondral (cartilaginous) components. Claspers in placoderms and chondrichthyans develop in very different ways; in sharks, claspers develop from the pelvic fin while the claspers in placoderms develop separately, suggesting that their independent development involved a posterior extension of the ‘competent stripes’ for fin development previously limited to the region between the paired pectoral and pelvic fins. Within this expanded zone, we suggest that clasper position relative to the pelvic fins was determined by genes responsible for limb position. Information on early gnathostome reproductive processes is preserved in both the Ptyctodontida and Arthrodira, including the presence of multiple embryos in pregnant females, embryos of differing sizes and of different sexes (e.g. male claspers preserved in some embyros). By comparison with chondrichthyans, these observations suggest more complex reproductive strategies in placoderms than previously appreciated.
Stability of Bovine Lactoferrin in Luminal Extracts and Mucosal Homogenates from Rat Intestine: A Prelude to Oral Absorption
Authors: Yao Xudong , Bunt Craig , Cornish Jillian , Quek Siew‐Young , Wen Jingyuan 
Published: June 2014

Oral delivery is the most common method for bovine lactoferrin (bLf) administration. However, the presence of proteolytic enzymes in the stomach and intestine limits the effective absorption of bLf within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. To determine the extent of bLf proteolysis, several digestion models were developed using luminal extracts and mucosal homogenates isolated from four regions of rat intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and proximal colon. The kinetics of bLf degradation followed a pseudo‐first‐order rate, and almost complete hydrolysis of bLf was observed in the luminal extracts, indicating that bLf is more susceptive to luminal peptidases rather than mucosal enzymes. Moreover, a significant reduction in bLf proteolysis was observed in the presence of soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI), bestatin, and bacitracin, suggesting that there exist trypsin‐like and aminopeptidase‐like proteases, which play a key role in the degradation of bLf in the intestine. Lactoferrin was then encapsulated in several lipid‐based delivery systems including liposomes and solid lipid particles (SLPs) with polymer modification, showing at least 50% of intact bLf remaining after 6 h of digestion compared with native bLf. These findings suggest that particle encapsulation may modulate protein digestion and possibly achieve sufficient oral bioavailability of bLf.
Psychometric properties of an adapted version of the parental sense of competence (PSOC) scale for Portuguese at‐risk parents
Authors: Nunes Cristina , Jiménez Lucía , Menéndez Susana , Ayala‐Nunes Lara , Hidalgo Victoria 
Published: June 2014

AbstractParental sense of competence is one of the central dimensions targeted on psychosocial interventions aimed at supporting at‐risk families. Researchers and practitioners need reliable instruments to assess the parental role adapted for these families. Although the parental sense of competence (PSOC) scale has been frequently used to assess this construct, there is still no adapted version for Portuguese parents. In this study, the reliability, validity and factor structure of the PSOC scale is examined with a clinical sample of 146 mothers from at‐risk families receiving psychosocial interventions for family preservation from Child Protective Services. Results show that the Portuguese version of the PSOC measures three distinct constructs with acceptable psychometric properties: efficacy, dissatisfaction and controllability. As expected, the obtained factors were significantly and positively related to parenting alliance and family cohesion, and negatively associated with parenting stress. In sum, the proposed Portuguese version shows reliability and validity evidences to measure three relevant dimensions of parental self‐evaluation, and it constitutes a cost‐ and time‐effective instrument suited for at‐risk mothers.
Spatio‐temporal geometry fusion for multiple hybrid cameras using moving least squares surfaces
Authors: Kuster Claudia , Bazin Jean‐Charles , Öztireli Cengiz , Deng Teng , Martin Tobias , Popa Tiberiu , Gross Markus 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMulti‐view reconstruction aims at computing the geometry of a scene observed by a set of cameras. Accurate 3D reconstruction of dynamic scenes is a key component for a large variety of applications, ranging from special effects to telepresence and medical imaging. In this paper we propose a method based on Moving Least Squares surfaces which robustly and efficiently reconstructs dynamic scenes captured by a calibrated set of hybrid color+depth cameras. Our reconstruction provides spatio‐temporal consistency and seamlessly fuses color and geometric information. We illustrate our approach on a variety of real sequences and demonstrate that it favorably compares to state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Perceptual depth compression for stereo applications
Authors: Pająk Dawid , Herzog Robert , Mantiuk Radosław , Didyk Piotr , Eisemann Elmar , Myszkowski Karol , Pulli Kari 
Published: June 2014

AbstractConventional depth video compression uses video codecs designed for color images. Given the performance of current encoding standards, this solution seems efficient. However, such an approach suffers from many issues stemming from discrepancies between depth and light perception. To exploit the inherent limitations of human depth perception, we propose a novel depth compression method that employs a disparity perception model. In contrast to previous methods, we account for disparity masking, and model a distinct relation between depth perception and contrast in luminance. Our solution is a natural extension to the H.264 codec and can easily be integrated into existing decoders. It significantly improves both the compression efficiency without sacrificing visual quality of depth of rendered content, and the output of depth‐reconstruction algorithms or depth cameras.
A randomized algorithm for natural object colorization
Authors: Jin Sou‐Young , Choi Ho‐Jin , Tai Yu‐Wing 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNatural objects often contain vivid color distribution with wide variety of colors. Conventional colorization techniques, on the other hand, produce colors that are relatively flat with little color variation. In this paper, we introduce a randomized algorithm which considers not only the value of target color but also the distribution of target color. In essence, our algorithm paints a color distribution to a region which synthesizes color distribution of a natural object. Our approach models the correlation between intensity and color in HSV color space in terms of H – S, H – V and S – V joint histogram. During the colorization process, we randomly swap and reassign color of a pixel to minimize a cost function that measures color consistency to its neighborhood and intensity‐to‐color correlation captured in the joint histogram. We tested our algorithm extensively on many natural objects and our user study confirms that our results are more vivid and natural compared to results from previous techniques.
Temporally coherent and spatially accurate video matting
Authors: Shahrian E. , Price B. , Cohen S. , Rajan D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractImage and video matting are still challenging problems in areas with low foreground‐background contrast. Video matting also has the challenge of ensuring temporally coherent mattes because the human visual system is highly sensitive to temporal jitter and flickering. On the other hand, video provides the opportunity to use information from other frames to improve the matte accuracy on a given frame. In this paper, we present a new video matting approach that improves the temporal coherence while maintaining high spatial accuracy in the computed mattes. We build sample sets of temporal and local samples that cover all the color distributions of the object and background over all previous frames. This helps guarantee spatial accuracy and temporal coherence by ensuring that proper samples are found even when distantly located in space or time. An explicit energy term encourages temporal consistency in the mattes derived from the selected samples. In addition, we use localized texture features to improve spatial accuracy in low contrast regions where color distributions overlap. The proposed method results in better spatial accuracy and temporal coherence than existing video matting methods.
Art‐photographic detail enhancement
Authors: Son Minjung , Lee Yunjin , Kang Henry , Lee Seungyong 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe present a novel method for enhancing details in a digital photograph, inspired by the principle of art photography. In contrast to the previous methods that primarily rely on tone scaling, our technique provides a flexible tone transform model that consists of two operators: shifting and scaling. This model permits shifting of the tonal range in each image region to enable significant detail boosting regardless of the original tone. We optimize these shift and scale factors in our constrained optimization framework to achieve extreme detail enhancement across the image in a piecewise smooth fashion, as in art photography. The experimental results show that the proposed method brings out a significantly large amount of details even from an ordinary low‐dynamic range image.
Adaptive texture space shading for stochastic rendering
Authors: Andersson M. , Hasselgren, J. , Toth, R. , Akenine‐Möiler T. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWhen rendering effects such as motion blur and defocus blur, shading can become very expensive if done in a naïve way, i.e. shading each visibility sample. To improve performance, previous work often decouple shading from visibility sampling using shader caching algorithms. We present a novel technique for reusing shading in a stochastic rasterizer. Shading is computed hierarchically and sparsely in an object‐space texture, and by selecting an appropriate mipmap level for each triangle, we ensure that the shading rate is sufficiently high so that no noticeable blurring is introduced in the rendered image. Furthermore, with a two‐pass algorithm, we separate shading from reuse and thus avoid GPU thread synchronization. Our method runs at real‐time frame rates and is up to 3 × faster than previous methods. This is an important step forward for stochastic rasterization in real time.
Recurring part arrangements in shape collections
Authors: Zheng Youyi , Cohen‐Or Daniel , Averkiou Melinos , Mitra Niloy J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractExtracting semantically related parts across models remains challenging, especially without supervision. The common approach is to co‐analyze a model collection, while assuming the existence of descriptive geometric features that can directly identify related parts. In the presence of large shape variations, common geometric features, however, are no longer sufficiently descriptive. In this paper, we explore an indirect top‐down approach, where instead of part geometry, part arrangements extracted from each model are compared. The key observation is that while a direct comparison of part geometry can be ambiguous, part arrangements, being higher level structures, remain consistent, and hence can be used to discover latent commonalities among semantically related shapes. We show that our indirect analysis leads to the detection of recurring arrangements of parts, which are otherwise difficult to discover in a direct unsupervised setting. We evaluate our algorithm on ground truth datasets and report advantages over geometric similarity‐based bottom‐up co‐segmentation algorithms.
ShapeSynth: Parameterizing model collections for coupled shape exploration and synthesis
Authors: Averkiou Melinos , Kim Vladimir G. , Zheng Youyi , Mitra Niloy J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractRecent advances in modeling tools enable non‐expert users to synthesize novel shapes by assembling parts extracted from model databases. A major challenge for these tools is to provide users with relevant parts, which is especially difficult for large repositories with significant geometric variations. In this paper we analyze unorganized collections of 3D models to facilitate explorative shape synthesis by providing high‐level feedback of possible synthesizable shapes. By jointly analyzing arrangements and shapes of parts across models, we hierarchically embed the models into low‐dimensional spaces. The user can then use the parameterization to explore the existing models by clicking in different areas or by selecting groups to zoom on specific shape clusters. More importantly, any point in the embedded space can be lifted to an arrangement of parts to provide an abstracted view of possible shape variations. The abstraction can further be realized by appropriately deforming parts from neighboring models to produce synthesized geometry. Our experiments show that users can rapidly generate plausible and diverse shapes using our system, which also performs favorably with respect to previous modeling tools.
Crowd sculpting: A space‐time sculpting method for populating virtual environments
Authors: Jordao K. , Pettré J. , Christie M. , Cani M.‐P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe introduce “Crowd Sculpting”: a method to interactively design populated environments by using intuitive deformation gestures to drive both the spatial coverage and the temporal sequencing of a crowd motion. Our approach assembles large environments from sets of spatial elements which contain inter‐connectible, periodic crowd animations. Such a “Crowd Patches” approach allows us to avoid expensive and difficult‐to‐control simulations. It also overcomes the limitations of motion editing, that would result into animations delimited in space and time. Our novel methods allows the user to control the crowd patches layout in ways inspired by elastic shape sculpting: the user creates and tunes the desired populated environment through stretching, bending, cutting and merging gestures, applied either in space or time. Our examples demonstrate that our method allows the space‐time editing of very large populations and results into endless animation, while offering real‐time, intuitive control and maintaining animation quality.