bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of resazurin phenoxazine dye as a highly sensitive cell viability potency assay for natural killer cell‐derived extracellular vesicle‐based cancer biotherapeutics
Authors: St‐Denis‐Bissonnette Frederic , Qiu Shirley , Cummings Sarah E. , Kirkby Melanie , Haile Yohannes , Wassmer Sarah , Muradia Gauri , Mehic Jelica , Stalker Andrew , Shrestha Amit , Ardolino Michele , Lee Seung‐Hwan , Burger Dylan , Wang Lisheng , Lavoie Jessie R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNatural killer cell‐derived extracellular vesicles (NK‐EVs) are candidate biotherapeutics against various cancers. However, standardised potency assays are necessary for a reliable assessment of NK‐EVs' cytotoxicity. This study aims to thoroughly evaluate a highly sensitive resazurin phenoxazine‐based cell viability potency assay (measurement of the cellular redox metabolism) for quantifying the cytotoxicity of NK‐EVs against leukaemia K562 cells (suspension model) and breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 cells (adherent model) in vitro. The assay was evaluated based on common analytical parameters setforth by regulatory guidelines, including specificity, selectivity,accuracy, precision, linearity, range and stability. Our results revealed that this resazurin‐based cell viability potency assay reliably and reproducibly measured a dose‐response of NK‐EVs’ cytotoxic activity against both cancer models. The assay showed precision with 5% and 20% variation for intra‐run and inter‐run variability. The assay signal showed specificity and selectivity of NK‐EVs against cancer target cells, as evidenced by the diminished viability of cancer cells following a 5‐hour treatment with NK‐EVs, without any detectable interference or background. The linearity analysis of target cancer cells revealed strong linearity for densities of 5000 K562 and 1000 MDA‐MB‐231 cells per test with a consistent range. Importantly, NK‐EVs’ dose‐response for cytotoxicity showed a strong correlation (|ρ| ∼ 0.8) with the levels of known cytotoxic factors associated with the NK‐EVs’ corona (FasL, GNLY, GzmB, PFN and IFN‐γ), thereby validating the accuracy of the assay. The assay also distinguished cytotoxicity changes in degraded NK‐EVs, indicating the ability of the assay to detect the potential loss of sample integrity. Compared to other commonly reported bioassays (i.e., flow cytometry, cell counting, lactate dehydrogenase release assay, DNA‐binding reporter assay and confluence assay), our results support this highly sensitive resazurin‐based viability potency assay as a high‐throughput and quantitative method for assessing NK‐EVs’ cytotoxicity against both suspension and adherent cancer models for evaluating NK‐EVs’ biotherapeutics.
Vitamin D as a predictor of clinical response among patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT)
Authors: Wattanachayakul Phuuwadith , Srikulmontri Thitiphan , Prasitsumrit Vitchapong , Suenghataiphorn Thanathip , Danpanichkul Pojsakorn , Polpichai Natchaya , Saowapa Sakditad , Idowu Abiodun , Amanullah Aman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionCardiovascular and noncardiovascular comorbidities have been recognized as predictors of clinical response in patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). However, data on vitamin D as a predictor of CRT response are conflicting.MethodWe identified studies from MEDLINE and Embase databases, searching from inception to May 2024, to investigate the association between 25‐OH vitamin D levels before CRT implantation and outcomes. Studies had to report 25‐OH vitamin D levels or the proportion of patients with vitamin D insufficiency and categorize outcomes as CRT responders or nonresponders. We extracted mean 25‐OH vitamin D and standard deviations for both groups from each study and calculated the pooled mean difference (MD). We also retrieved risk ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between vitamin D insufficiency and lack of CRT response, combining them using the generic inverse variance method.ResultsOur meta‐analysis included four studies. CRT responders had higher levels of 25‐OH vitamin D than nonresponders, with a pooled MD of 8.04 ng/mL (95% CI: 3.16–12.93; I2 = 48%, p < .001). Patients with vitamin D insufficiency before implantation had higher odds of lacking response to CRT, with a pooled RR of 3.28 (95% CI: 1.43–7.50; I2 = 0%, p = .005) compared to those with normal vitamin D.ConclusionsCRT responders had higher 25‐OH vitamin D levels compared to nonresponders. Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with a higher risk of nonresponse to CRT. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and managing vitamin D levels in these patients.
Biofortification, metabolomic profiling and quantitative analysis of vitamin B12 enrichment in guava juice via lactic acid fermentation using Levilactobacillus brevis strain KU15152
Authors: Rastogi Mayuri , Singh Vandana , Shaida Bushra , Siddiqui Saleem , Bangar Sneh Punia , Phimolsiripol Yuthana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDChemical fortification and dose supplementation of vitamin B12 are widely implemented to combat deficiency symptoms. However, in situ, fortification of vitamin B12 in food matrixes can be a promising alternative to chemical fortification. The present study aimed to produce vitamin B12‐rich, probiotic guava juice fermented with Levilactobacillus brevis strain KU15152. Pasteurized fresh guava juice was inoculated with 7.2 log CFU mL−1 L. brevis strain KU15152 and incubated for 72 h at 37 °C anaerobically. The antioxidants, total phenolic compounds, vitamin B12 production, sugars, organic acids, pH and viable count were analyzed at 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation. The fermented juice was stored at 4 °C, and the changes in its functional properties were analyzed at 7‐day intervals up to 28 days of storage.RESULTSDuring fermentation, the bacteria cell count was increased from 7.01 ± 0.06 to 9.76 ± 0.42 log CFU mL−1 after 72 h of fermentation and was decreased to 6.94 ± 0.34 CFU mL−1 during storage at 4 °C after 28 days. The pH, total soluble solids, crude fiber, citric acid and total sugars decreased, while titratable acidity, total protein, antioxidants, phenolic compounds and lactic acid contents increased during fermentation. The fermented guava juice exhibited higher 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′‐azino‐bis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS)) radical scavenging activities (85.97% and 75.97%, respectively) at 48 h of fermentation. The concentration of active vitamin B12 in the sample reached 109.5 μg L−1 at 72 h of fermentation. However, this concentration gradually decreased to 70.2 μg L−1 during the storage period. During storage for 28 days at 4 °C, both the fermented and control guava juices exhibited a decline in antioxidant and phenolic compound concentrations. Furthermore, the addition of 20% honey and guava flavor enhanced the organoleptic properties and acceptability of fermented guava juice.CONCLUSIONThe value‐added fermented guava juice could be a novel functional food product to combat vitamin B12 deficiency. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Scaffold‐Forming Collagen and Motor‐Endplate Expressing Muscle Cells for Porcine Laryngoplasty
Authors: Shay Elizabeth O. , Morrison Rachel A. , Zhang Lujuan , Kaefer Samuel L. , Wesson Troy , Cox Abigail , Voytik‐Harbin Sherry L. , Halum Stacey 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveVocal fold paralysis impairs quality of life, and no curative injectable therapy exists. We evaluated injection of a novel in situ polymerizing (scaffold‐forming) collagen in the presence and absence of muscle‐derived motor‐endplate expressing cells (MEEs) to promote medialization and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) regeneration in a porcine model of unilateral vocal fold paralysis.MethodsTwelve Yucatan minipigs underwent right RLN transection. Autologous muscle progenitor cells were isolated from muscle biopsies, differentiated, and induced to MEEs. Three weeks after RLN injury, animals received injections of collagen, collagen containing MEEs, or saline into the paralyzed right vocal fold. Stimulated laryngeal electromyography and acoustic vocalization were used for function assessments. Larynges were harvested and underwent histologic, gene expression, and further quantitative analyses.ResultsInjections were well‐tolerated, with the collagen scaffold showing immunotolerance and collagen‐encapsulated MEEs remaining viable. Collagen‐treated paralyzed vocal folds showed increased laryngeal adductor muscle volumes relative to that of the uninjured side, with those receiving MEEs and collagen showing the highest volumes. Muscles injected with MEEs and collagen demonstrated increased expression of select neurotrophic (BDNF and NTN1), motor‐endplate (DOK7, CHRNA1, and MUSK), and myogenic (MYOG and MYOD) related genes relative to saline controls.ConclusionIn a porcine model of unilateral vocal fold paralysis, injection of in situ polymerizing collagen in the absence and presence of MEEs enhanced laryngeal adductor muscle volume, modulated expression of neurotrophic and myogenic factors, and avoided adverse material‐mediated immune responses. Further study is needed to determine long‐term functional outcomes with this novel therapeutic approach.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:4988–4997, 2024
Melt Compounding of Poly(lactic acid)‐Based Composites: Blending Strategies, Process Conditions, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Tao Yiwen , Zhang Yue , Xia Tao , Lin Ning 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA), derived from renewable resources, has the advantages of rigidity, thermoplasticity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, and is widely used in many fields such as packaging, agriculture, and biomedicine. The excellent processability properties allow for melt processing treatments such as extrusion, injection molding, blow molding, and thermoforming in the preparation of PLA‐based materials. However, the low toughness and poor thermal stability of PLA limit its practical applications. Compared with pure PLA, conditions such as processing technology, filler, and crystallinity affect the mechanical properties of PLA‐based materials, including tensile strength, Young's modulus, and elongation at break. This review systematically summarizes various technical parameters for melt processing of PLA‐based materials and further discusses the mechanical properties of PLA homopolymers, filler‐reinforced PLA‐based composites, PLA‐based multiphase composites, and reactive composite strategies for PLA‐based composites.
Morphological Transitions of Block Copolymer Micelles: Implications for Mesoporous Materials Ordering
Authors: Moreno Nicolas , Nunes Suzana , Calo Victor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe design of block‐copolymer‐based functional materials, including mesoporous membranes and nanoparticles, requires a comprehensive understanding of the hierarchical assembly of block copolymers in selective solvents into micelles and subsequent ordered phases. It is hypothesized that micellar ordering and characteristic assembly can be described using a set of phase parameters that account for entropic and enthalpic interactions. Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations are used to systematically investigate the self‐assembly of semidiluted block copolymers, resembling isoporous membrane preparation conditions. The effect of Flory–Huggins interaction parameters, block lengths, and concentration on the morphology and polydispersity of the micelles is evaluated. The interaction parameters are mapped into Flory–Huggins theory by considering the block's conformation. These results reveal the effect of polymer concentration and solvent affinity on the morphological transition of the aggregates, in agreement with existing experimental evidence. It is identified that monodisperse‐spherical micelles in solution are fundamental to stabilize ordered states. Weak solvent segregation of the largest block, curvature of the core‐corona interface, and stretching of the corona‐forming one are found to be key to stabilize monodisperse assemblies. These conditions can be predicted using spherical‐micelles packing considerations and a global phase parameter from the Flory–Huggins theory. This study provides valuable insights into the self‐assembly of diblock copolymers and offers a potential way to optimize the preparation of mesoporous ordered structures and micelle ordering in semidiluted systems.
Positive effect of ulnar nerve fascicle transfer to musculocutaneous nerve seeded with allogeneic adipose tissue derived stem cells on nerve regeneration for repairing upper brachial plexus injury in a rat model: A preliminary study
Authors: Selimoglu Muhammed Nebil , Kocacan Metin , Tuncer Seçkin , Tosun Zekeriya , Erdogan Ender 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic peripheral nerve injury, with an annual incidence reported to be approximately 13–23 per 100,000 people, is a serious clinical condition that can often lead to significant functional impairment and permanent disability. Although nerve transfer has become increasingly popular in the treatment of brachial plexus injuries, satisfactory results cannot be obtained even with total nerve root transfer, especially after serious injuries. To overcome this problem, we hypothesize that the application of stem cells in conjunction with nerve transfer procedures may be a viable alternative to more aggressive treatments that do not result in adequate improvement. Similarly, some preliminary studies have shown that adipose stem cells combined with acellular nerve allograft provide promising results in the repair of brachial plexus injury. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of combining adipose‐derived stem cells with nerve transfer procedure in a rat brachial plexus injury model.MethodsTwenty female Wistar rats weighing 300–350 g and aged 8–10 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: a nerve transfer group (NT group) and a nerve transfer combined adipose stem cell group (NT and ASC group). The upper brachial plexus injury model was established by gently avulsing the C5–C6 roots from the spinal cord with microforceps. A nerve transfer from the ulnar nerve to the musculocutaneous nerve (Oberlin procedure) was performed with or without seeded allogeneic adipose tissue‐derived stem cells. Adipose tissue‐derived stem cells at a rate of 2 × 106 cells were injected locally to the surface of the nerve transfer area with a 23‐gauge needle. Immunohistochemistry (S100 and PGP 9.5 antibodies) and electrophysiological data were used to evaluate the effect of nerve repair 12 weeks after surgery.ResultsThe mean latency was significantly longer in the NT group (2.0 ± 0.0 ms, 95% CI: 1.96–2.06) than in the NT and ASC group (1.7 ± 0.0 ms, 95% CI: 1.7–1.7) (p < .001). The mean peak value was higher in the NT group (1.7 ± 0.0 mV, 95% CI: 1.7–1.7) than in the NT and ASC group (1.7 ± 0.3 mV, 95% CI: 1.6–1.9) with no significant difference (p = .61). Although S100 and PGP 9.5 positive areas were observed in higher amounts in the NT and ASC group compared to the NT group, the differences were not statistically significant (p = .26 and .08, respectively).ConclusionsThis study conducted on rats provides preliminary evidence that adipose‐derived stem cells may have a positive effect on nerve transfer for the treatment of brachial plexus injury. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow‐up periods are needed to confirm these findings.
Role of the neonatal registered dietitian nutritionist in Canada: A description of staffing and a comparison to practices in the United States
Authors: Merlino Barr Stephanie , Hand Rosa K. , Fenton Tanis R. , Groh‐Wargo Sharon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) are critical members of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) team. Ideal RDN staffing levels are unknown. Current staffing levels of neonatal RDNs in Canadian NICUs have not been recently reported. The objective of this study was to describe neonatal RDN staffing and responsibilities in Canada and contrast these findings with those of neonatal RDNs in the United States.MethodsAn online cross‐sectional neonatal RDN survey was performed in the Fall of 2021 to collect hospital‐level and individual‐RDN–level data. Descriptive statistics were performed to summarize Canadian neonatal RDN staffing levels and responsibilities and compared with US findings.ResultsCanadian RDNs reported a median staffing ratio of 25.3 NICU beds per RDN full‐time equivalent, with neonatal RDNs reporting a desired 31% increase in staffing. The majority of Canadian NICUs (n = 20/24) reported having a dedicated space to prepare infant feeds away from bedside. Canadian neonatal RDNs reported wanting to expand their responsibilities in research, administration, and education. Canadian neonatal RDNs reported a higher rate of order writing privileges as compared with that of US neonatal RDNs.ConclusionCanadian neonatal RDNs reported a desired increase in their staffing levels. Neonatal RDNs have the potential to expand their professional role but require additional staffing, dedicated time, and compensation to support this. Further research determining the optimal neonatal RDN staffing ratio to maximize patient outcomes is required.
Preoperative body composition measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis can predict pancreatic fistula after pancreatic surgery
Authors: Jin Qianwen , Zhang Jun , Jin Jiabin , Zhang Jiaqiang , Fei Si , Liu Yang , Xu Zhiwei , Shi Yongmei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) remains one of the most severe complications after pancreatic surgery. The methods for predicting pancreatic fistula are limited. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of body composition parameters measured by preoperative bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) on the development of POPF.MethodsA total of 168 consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic surgery from March 2022 to December 2022 at our institution were included in the study and randomly assigned at a 3:2 ratio to the training group and the validation group. All data, including previously reported risk factors for POPF and parameters measured by BIA, were collected. Risk factors were analyzed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. A prediction model was established to predict the development of POPF based on these parameters.ResultsPOPF occurred in 41 of 168 (24.4%) patients. In the training group of 101 enrolled patients, visceral fat area (VFA) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.077, P = 0.001) and fat mass index (FMI) (OR = 0.628, P = 0.027) were found to be independently associated with POPF according to multivariable analysis. A prediction model including VFA and FMI was established to predict the development of POPF with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.753. The efficacy of the prediction model was also confirmed in the internal validation group (AUC 0.785, 95% CI 0.659–0.911).ConclusionsPreoperative assessment of body fat distribution by BIA can predict the risk of POPF after pancreatic surgery.
Obesity‐ and diet‐induced plasticity in systems that control eating and energy balance
Authors: Ferrario Carrie R. , Münzberg‐Gruening Heike , Rinaman Linda , Betley J. Nicholas , Borgland Stephanie L. , Dus Monica , Fadool Debra A. , Medler Kathryn F. , Morton Gregory J. , Sandoval Darleen A. , de La Serre Claire B. , Stanley Sarah A. , Townsend Kristy L. , Watts Alan G. , Maruvada Padma , Cummings Diana , Cooke Bradley M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn April 2023, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), in partnership with the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the National Institute on Aging, and the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, hosted a 2‐day online workshop to discuss neural plasticity in energy homeostasis and obesity. The goal was to provide a broad view of current knowledge while identifying research questions and challenges regarding neural systems that control food intake and energy balance. This review includes highlights from the meeting and is intended both to introduce unfamiliar audiences with concepts central to energy homeostasis, feeding, and obesity and to highlight up‐and‐coming research in these areas that may be of special interest to those with a background in these fields. The overarching theme of this review addresses plasticity within the central and peripheral nervous systems that regulates and influences eating, emphasizing distinctions between healthy and disease states. This is by no means a comprehensive review because this is a broad and rapidly developing area. However, we have pointed out relevant reviews and primary articles throughout, as well as gaps in current understanding and opportunities for developments in the field.
Cyber‐attack and defense method for load frequency control in smart grid systems with electric vehicles
Authors: Ranjan Mrinal , Shankar Ravi , Raj Utkarsh , Kumar Sarvesh , Kumar Jitendra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe latest advancements in Vehicle‐to‐Grid (V2G) technology enable Electric Vehicles (EVs) to contribute to Frequency Regulation (FR), mitigating the impact of uncertain power fluctuations in renewable resources. However, diverse cyber‐attacks pose threats to the Load Frequency Control (LFC) system and smart grid infrastructure, compromising their accuracy and reliability. This research paper focuses on the effects of cyber‐attacks on frequency regulation in a smart grid system that relies on a communication network. The study proposes a two‐area system and a modified IEEE‐39 bus three‐area system, incorporating intermittent solar photovoltaic and wind turbine sources, traditional conventional sources, and electric vehicles. To ensure frequency stabilization and tie‐line power, the researchers introduce a cascade FOPIDN‐(1+TD) controller. Its parameters are optimized using a novel Quasi Opposition Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (QOAOA). The proposed approach's dynamic response is compared with other commonly used controllers, demonstrating its effectiveness in maintaining stability. The article focuses on the LFC system and presents a novel approach involving a cyber‐physical model. It introduces a method for detecting and defending against cyber‐attacks using deep learning, specifically utilizing the Long‐Short‐Term‐Memory (LSTM) network. The effectiveness of the proposed defense strategy is demonstrated through experiments conducted on both a two‐area interconnected power system and the IEEE‐39 bus system. The outcomes indicate that the suggested defense mechanism effectively maintains acceptable levels of power system frequency and tie‐line power during cyber‐attacks. Additionally, the validity of the controller's performance is verified through real‐time analysis using Hardware‐In‐The‐Loop (HIL) simulation with the OPAL‐RT platform.
Two channels event‐triggered robust H‐infinity control of Luire industrial cyber physical systems under data injection attacks
Authors: Qin Yanfei , Sun Ziwen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBy fully taking the effects of data injection attacks, nonlinear disturbances and limited communication resources, the stability of Lurie industrial cyber physical systems with the time‐varying delays is investigated. The two channels event‐triggered dynamic robust control (ERHIC) strategy is proposed for achieving the stability of systems. On one hand, a dynamic output feedback controller is designed to ensure the stable operation of the system under attacks. On other hand, the measurement channel and the control channel (two channels) event‐triggered mechanisms are designed to improve the utilization rate of system resources. The simulation results with the size of capacitor voltage and inductor current under data injection attacks as the object verity the correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed two channels event‐triggered robust H‐infinity control method and the feasibility of the designed dynamic output feedback controller are verified by the simulation results.