bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of traumatic penile urethral stricture in a dog with a self-expanding, covered nitinol stent
Authors: Della Maggiore Ann-Marie , Steffey Michele A. , Westropp Jodi L. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Case Description—An 8-month-old castrated male mixed-breed dog was evaluated because of hematuria, stranguria, and dysuria of approximately 2 weeks’ duration that developed immediately following elective castration.
Clinical Findings—Results of physical examination, ultrasonography, retrograde double-contrast cystourethrography, and urethroscopy were consistent with a traumatic urethral stricture immediately proximal to the os penis resulting in a partial obstruction of urine outflow. Results of ultrasonographic examination of abdominal organs were considered normal. Digital radiography revealed no evidence of calculi.
Treatment and Outcome—Balloon dilation of the urethral stricture was performed and was followed by 2 bougienage procedures during the subsequent 2 weeks when clinical signs returned. The owners declined scrotal urethrostomy, and a self-expanding, covered nitinol stent was placed approximately 3 weeks after the initial evaluation, resulting in amelioration of clinical signs. Results of follow-up urethroscopy and contrast cystourethrography 1 year after stent placement revealed a statically positioned, patent urethral stent, although a small number of polypoid mucosal structures were identified distal to the stent and 1 small structure consistent with tissue ingrowth into the stent was identified.
Clinical Relevance—Placement of a covered nitinol stent resulted in long-term resolution of clinical signs associated with traumatic stricture of the penile urethra in this young dog. Because the os penis in dogs limits radial expansion of the urethra, its presence may limit the use of stents in this location.
The Effects of a Home-Based Instructional Program Aimed at Improving Frontal Plane Knee Biomechanics During a Jump-Landing Task
Authors: Tate Jeremiah J. , Milner Clare E. , Fairbrother Jeffrey T. , Zhang Songning 
Published: April 2013

Study Design Randomized controlled trial. Objectives To determine the effects of instruction to improve frontal plane knee biomechanics during a jump-landing task. Background Technique training is a common component of knee injury-prevention programs. In developing programs that minimize time commitment and increase the likelihood of adoption by target groups, there is a need to evaluate individual program components. Methods A total of 26 female recreational athletes (average age, 21.2 years), who presented with medial knee displacement during a jump-landing task, completed the study protocol. Participants were randomly placed into 1 of 2 groups, an experimental or control group. The experimental group received instructions aimed at improving knee abduction during jump landings. The control group received a sham training. Prior to training, baseline kinematics and kinetics (peak knee abduction angle, peak internal knee adductor moment, knee flexion excursion, peak internal knee extensor moment, and peak vertical ground reaction force) were obtained from participants while performing a basketball rebound task. Immediate (5 minutes postinstruction) and delayed (15–20 minutes postinstruction) retention tests were performed within the instructional session. Two additional retention tests were performed following home-based training (1 and 2 weeks following the initial training). Results The initial instructional session resulted in greater knee flexion excursion (9°) and a 20% reduction in the peak internal knee adductor moment in the experimental group. Following home-based training, the experimental group continued to exhibit increased knee flexion excursion, along with decreased peak vertical ground reaction forces. No biomechanical changes were observed in the control group for any of the retention tests when compared to baseline. Conclusion The jump-training instructions employed in the current study resulted in kinematic and kinetic changes in the sagittal plane as opposed to the frontal plane. Level of Evidence Prevention, level 2b-. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(7):486–494. Epub 18 March 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4229
Enhanced Proprioceptive Acuity at the Knee in the Competitive Athlete
Authors: Courtney Carol A. , Rine Rose Marie , Jenk Drew T. , Collier P. Dustin , Waters Andrew 
Published: April 2013

Study Design Controlled laboratory study: cross-sectional. Objective To determine if proprioception, measured by the threshold to detection of passive motion (TDPM), differed in individuals who regularly participate in moderate-intensity exercise for fitness as compared to individuals involved in high-intensity skilled exercise. Background Previous research has been equivocal as to whether exercise training is associated with superior proprioceptive acuity, in particular, exercise that includes dynamic postural challenges such as cutting and pivoting. Methods Two groups of 25 healthy individuals (18–32 years old) were recruited. One group consisted of individuals who performed moderate-activity level exercises for 5 to 10 hours per week. Participants in the other group performed high-activity level exercises, including high-speed cutting and pivoting activities, at least 10 hours per week. Proprioception was determined using TDPM, in which the knee was slowly extended or flexed at an angular velocity of 0.5°/s or less from a starting position of 40° of knee flexion. Results Individuals participating in competitive, high-intensity skilled exercise demonstrated better acuity (average of both limbs) of TDPM (mean ± SD, 0.81° ± 0.38°; P<.001) than those participating in moderate-intensity exercise for fitness (1.53° ± 0.58°). A low but statistically significant association (r = −0.38, P = .006) was found between weekly duration of exercise and proprioceptive threshold as measured by TDPM. Conclusion These results suggest that perceptual thresholds of passive movement may be enhanced, depending on activity level and associated postural challenge, and that higher level and increased amount of exercise may promote enhanced neurosensory processing in these individuals. Consequently, high-intensity skilled training may deserve further emphasis in orthopaedic rehabilitation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(6):422–426. Epub 18 March 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4403
Relationships Between Biomechanics, Tendon Pathology, and Function in Individuals With Lateral Epicondylosis
Authors: Chourasia Amrish O. , Buhr Kevin A. , Rabago David P. , Kijowski Richard , Lee Kenneth S. , Ryan Michael P. , Grettie-Belling Jessica M. , Sesto Mary E. 
Published: April 2013

Study Design Single-cohort descriptive and correlational study. Objectives To investigate the relationships between tendon pathology, biomechanical measures, and self-reported pain and function in individuals with chronic lateral epicondylosis. Background Lateral epicondylosis has a multifactorial etiology and its pathophysiology is not well understood. Consequently, treatment remains challenging, and lateral epicondylosis is prone to recurrence. While tendon pathology, pain system changes, and motor impairments due to lateral epicondylosis are considered related, their relationships have not been thoroughly investigated. Methods Twenty-six participants with either unilateral (n = 11) or bilateral (n = 15) chronic lateral epicondylosis participated in this study. Biomechanical measures (grip strength, rate of force development, and electromechanical delay) and measures of tendon pathology (magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound) and self-reported pain and function (Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation) were performed. Partial Spearman correlations, adjusting for covariates (age, gender, weight, and height), were used to evaluate the relationship between self-reported pain, function, and biomechanical and tendon pathology measures. Results Statistically significant correlations between biomechanical measures and the Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation ranged in magnitude from 0.44 to 0.68 (P<.05); however, no significant correlation was observed between tendon pathology (magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound) measures and the Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (r = −0.02 to 0.31, P<.05). Rate of force development had a stronger correlation (r = 0.54–0.68, P<.05) with self-reported function score than with grip strength (r = 0.35– 0.47, P<.05) or electromechanical delay (r = 0.5, P<.05). Conclusion Biomechanical measures (pain-free grip strength, rate of force development, electromechanical delay) have the potential to be used as outcome measures to monitor progress in lateral epicondylosis. In comparison, the imaging measures (magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound) were useful for visualizing the pathophysiology of lateral epicondylosis. However, the severity of the pathophysiology was not related to pain and function, indicating that imaging measures may not provide the best clinical assessment. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(6):368–378. Epub 18 March 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4411
Clinimetric Testing Supports the Use of 5 Questionnaires Adapted Into Brazilian Portuguese for Patients With Shoulder Disorders
Authors: Puga Vanessa Olivieri De Oliveira , Lopes Alexandre Dias , Shiwa Silvia Regina , Alouche Sandra Regina , Costa Leonardo Oliveira Pena 
Published: April 2013

Study Design Clinical measurement. Objectives To cross-culturally adapt the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) into Brazilian Portuguese and to test the measurement properties of the Brazilian Portuguese versions of the SPADI, the short form of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, the Patient-Specific Functional Scale, a numeric pain rating scale, and the Global Perceived Effect scale in patients with shoulder disorders. Background Most instruments for shoulder disorders were developed in English. For their use in Brazil, translation into Brazilian Portuguese, cross-cultural adaptation, and testing of measurement properties of these instruments are required. Methods The SPADI was translated and cross-culturally adapted according to current guidelines. Measurement properties of internal consistency, reproducibility, construct validity, ceiling and floor effects, and responsiveness of all instruments were tested in 100 patients with shoulder disorders. The patients filled out the questionnaires on 3 occasions: at baseline, 24 to 48 hours after baseline, and 4 weeks after baseline. Results The instruments showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach alpha between .78 and .93) and a good level of agreement, as reflected by low standard errors of measurement and minimal detectable change. The reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients) of the instruments varied from 0.82 to 0.96. Most instruments presented good levels of construct validity. All instruments showed acceptable levels of internal and external responsiveness. Conclusion The Portuguese Brazilian versions of the SPADI; the short form of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand; a numeric pain rating scale; the Patient-Specific Functional Scale; and the Global Perceived Effect scale are reproducible, valid, and responsive instruments for assessing patients with shoulder disorders. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(6):404–413. Epub 18 March 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4441
Patient Expectations of Benefit From Interventions for Neck Pain and Resulting Influence on Outcomes
Authors: Bishop Mark D. , Mintken Paul , Bialosky Joel E. , Cleland Joshua A. 
Published: April 2013

Study Design Retrospective cohort. Objectives The objectives of this study were (1) to examine patients' general expectations for treatment by physical therapists and specific expectations for common interventions in patients with neck pain, and (2) to assess the extent to which the patients' general and specific expectations for treatment, particularly spinal manipulation, affect clinical outcomes. Background Patient expectations can have a profound influence on the magnitude of treatment outcome across a broad variety of patient conditions. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial of interventions for neck pain. Prior to beginning treatment for neck pain, 140 patients were asked about their general expectations of benefit as well as their specific expectations for individual interventions. Next, we examined how these expectations related to the patients' ratings of the success of treatment at 1 and 6 months after treatment. Results Patients had positive expectations for treatment by a physical therapist, with more than 80% of patients expecting moderate relief of symptoms, prevention of disability, the ability to do more activity, and to sleep better. The manual therapy interventions of massage (87%) and manipulation (75%) had the highest proportion of patients who expected these interventions to significantly improve neck pain. These were followed by strengthening (70%) and range-of-motion (54%) exercises. Very few patients thought surgery would improve their neck pain (less than 1%). At 1 month, patients who were unsure of experiencing complete pain relief had lower odds of reporting a successful outcome than patients expecting complete relief (odds ratio [OR] = 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11, 0.99). Believing that manipulation would help and not receiving manipulation lowered the odds of success (OR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.72) compared to believing manipulation would help and receiving manipulation. Six months after treatment, having unsure expectations for complete pain relief lowered the odds of success (OR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.7), whereas definitely expecting to do more exercise increased the odds of success (OR = 11.4; 95% CI: 1.7, 74.7). Regarding self-reported disability assessed with the Neck Disability Index, patients who believed manipulation would help and received manipulation reported less disability than those who did not believe manipulation would help and both received manipulation (mean difference, −3.8; 95% CI: −5.9, −1.5; P = .006) and did not receive manipulation (mean difference, −5.7; 95% CI: −9.3, −2.1; P = .014). There was also an interaction between time and the expectation for complete relief. Conclusion General expectations of benefit have a strong influence on clinical outcomes for patients with neck pain. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 2b-. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(7):457–465. Epub 18 March 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4492
Effect of Increased Iliotibial Band Load on Tibiofemoral Kinematics and Force Distributions: A Direct Measurement in Cadaveric Knees
Authors: Gadikota Hemanth R. , Kikuta Shinsuke , Qi Wei , Nolan David , Gill Thomas J. , Li Guoan 
Published: April 2013

Study Design Controlled laboratory study using cadaveric knee specimens and a repeated-measures design. Objectives To investigate the effect of increased iliotibial band load (assumed to represent increased tensor fascia latae and gluteus maximus strength) on tibiofemoral kinematics and force distribution on the tibiofemoral articulation. Background Owing to the difficulty in measuring in vivo joint loading, there is limited evidence on the direct relationship between increased iliotibial band load and force distribution in the tibiofemoral articulation. Methods Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric knee specimens were used in this study. A robotic testing system assessed tibiofemoral kinematics under 3 simulated loading conditions: (1) 300-N quadriceps load, 100-N hamstrings load, 0-N iliotibial band load; (2) 300-N quadriceps load, 100-N hamstrings load, 50-N iliotibial band load; and (3) 300-N quadriceps load, 100-N hamstrings load, 100-N iliotibial band load. The load distribution in the medial and lateral tibiofemoral articulation was also measured under these loading conditions by using piezoelectric pressure sensors. Data were collected and analyzed at full extension and at 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30° of knee flexion. Results The loads transmitted through the medial tibiofemoral articulation significantly decreased when the load on the iliotibial band was increased, with a concomitant significant increase in lateral tibiofemoral articulation load. Greater iliotibial band load also increased anterior tibial translation and valgus tibial rotation, and decreased the amount of internal tibial rotation and medial tibial translation. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that an increase in iliotibial band load, when tested in a non-weight-bearing condition in a cadaveric model, can significantly decrease the loads transmitted through the medial tibiofemoral articulation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(7):478–485. Epub 18 March 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4506
Effects of a Pre-Dialysis Patient Education Program on the Relative Frequencies of Dialysis Modalities
Authors: Ribitsch Werner , Haditsch Bernd , Otto Ronald , Schilcher Gernot , Quehenberger Franz , Roob Johannes M. , Rosenkranz Alexander R. 
Published: April 2013

Background Pre-dialysis education can guide the choice of the dialysis modality best tailored to meet the needs and preferences of individual patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods In a retrospective single-center cohort study, we evaluated the impact of a pre-dialysis education program on the incidence rates of patients using hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in our unit. The frequency distribution of dialysis modalities between people attending our education program and people not attending the program (control group) was analyzed for the 4-year period 2004 – 2008. Results From among all the incident chronic kidney disease 5D patients presenting during the 4-year period, we analyzed 227 who started dialysis either with an arteriovenous fistula or a PD catheter. In that cohort, 70 patients (30.8%) took part in the education program, and 157 (69.2%) did not receive structured pre-dialysis counseling. In the group receiving education, 38 patients (54.3%) started with PD, and 32 (45.7%), with HD. In the standard-care group not receiving education, 44 patients (28%) started with PD, and 113 (72%), with HD ( p < 0.001). Conclusions Our multidisciplinary pre-dialysis program had a significant impact on the frequency distribution of dialysis modalities, increasing the proportion of patients initiating dialysis with PD.
Comparison of Direct Medical Costs between Automated and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Cortés–Sanabria Laura , Rodríguez–Arreola Brenda E. , Ortiz–Juárez Victor R. , Soto–Molina Herman , Pazarín–Villaseñor Leonardo , Martínez–Ramírez Héctor R. , Cueto–Manzano Alfonso M. 
Published: April 2013

Objective We set out to estimate the direct medical costs (DMCs) of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and to compare the DMCs for continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) and automated PD (APD). In addition, DMCs according to age, sex, and the presence of peritonitis were evaluated. Methods Our retrospective cohort analysis considered patients initiating PD, calculating 2008 costs and, for comparison, updating the results for 2010. The analysis took the perspective of the Mexican Institute of Social Security, including outpatient clinic and emergency room visits, dialysis procedures, medications, laboratory tests, hospitalizations, and surgeries. Results No baseline differences were observed for the 41 patients evaluated (22 on CAPD, 19 on APD). Median annual DMCs per patient on PD were US$15 072 in 2008 and US$16 452 in 2010. When analyzing percentage distribution, no differences were found in the DMCs for the modality groups. In both APD and CAPD, the main costs pertained to the dialysis procedure (CAPD 41%, APD 47%) and hospitalizations (CAPD 37%, APD 32%). Dialysis procedures cost significantly more ( p = 0.001) in APD (US$7084) than in CAPD (US$6071), but total costs (APD US$15 389 vs CAPD US$14 798) and other resources were not different. The presence of peritonitis increased the total costs (US$16 075 vs US$14 705 for patients without peritonitis, p = 0.05), but in the generalized linear model analysis, DMCs were not predicted by age, sex, dialysis modality, or peritonitis. A similar picture was observed for costs extrapolated to 2010, with a 10% – 20% increase for each component—except for laboratory tests, which increased 52%, and dialysis procedures, which decreased 3%, from 2008. Conclusions The annual DMCs per patient on PD in this study were US$15 072 in 2008 and US$16 452 in 2010. Total DMCs for dialysis procedures were higher in APD than in CAPD, but the difference was not statistically significant. In both APD and CAPD, 90% of costs were attributable to the dialysis procedure, hospitalizations, and medications. In a multivariate analysis, no independent variable significantly predicted a higher DMC.
Blood Pressure Measurement in Peritoneal Dialysis: Which Method is Best?
Authors: O'Shaughnessy Michelle M. , Durcan Martin , Kinsella Sinead M. , Griffin Matthew D. , Reddan Donal N. , Lappin David W. 
Published: April 2013

Background The optimal approach to monitoring blood pressure (BP) in the peritoneal dialysis (PD) population is unclear. Ambulatory BP monitoring reliably predicts prognosis, but can be inconvenient. The accuracy of home BP monitoring in this population is unproven. The automated BpTRU device (BpTRU Medical Devices, Coquitlam, BC, Canada), which provides an average of up to 6 successive in-office BP measurements, has not been studied in this patient group. Methods We studied 17 patients (average age: 54 ± 12 years; 12 men, 5 women; 94% on automated PD) attending a single center. All patients underwent office, home, BpTRU, and ambulatory BP measurement. The reference standard for analysis was daytime ambulatory BP. Correlation between the referent method and each comparator method was determined (Pearson correlation coefficient), and Bland–Altman scatter plots depicting the differences in the BP measurements were constructed. Results Mean office BP (126.4 ± 16.9/78.8 ± 11.6 mmHg) and BpTRU BP (123.8 ± 13.7/80.7 ± 11.1 mmHg) closely approximated mean daytime ambulatory BP (129.3 ± 14.8/78.2 ± 7.9 mmHg). Mean home BP (143.8 ± 15.0/89.9 ± 28.1 mmHg) significantly overestimated mean daytime systolic BP by 14.2 mmHg (95% confidence interval: 4.3 mmHg to 24.1 mmHg; p = 0.008). Bland–Altman plots demonstrated poorest agreement between home BP and daytime ambulatory BP. No patient had “white-coat hypertension,” and only 1 patient had false-resistant hypertension. Most patients showed abnormal nocturnal dipping patterns (non-dipping: n = 11; reverse-dipping: n = 5; normal dipping: n = 1). Conclusions We report a novel finding that BP measurement using the BpTRU device is more accurate than home BP measurement in a PD population. Potential explanations for this observation include poor home BP measurement technique, use of poorly validated home BP measurement devices, or a reduced prevalence of white-coat effect among PD patients. Our study also confirms that, in the PD population, BP measurements vary considerably with patient location, time of day, and measurement technique.