bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Spontaneous Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rupture on Recurrence Pattern and Long‐term Surgical Outcomes after Partial Hepatectomy
Authors: Lee Hyung Soon , Choi Gi Hong , Kang Dae Ryong , Han Kwang‐Hyub , Ahn Sang Hoon , Kim Do Young , Park Jun Yong , Kim Seung Up , Choi Jin Sub 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical significance of spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rupture association with recurrence pattern and long‐term surgical outcomes remains under debate. We investigated the impact of spontaneous HCC rupture on recurrence pattern and long‐term surgical outcomes after partial hepatectomy.MethodsFrom 2000 to 2012, 119 patients with diagnosed ruptured HCC were reviewed. To compare outcomes between staged hepatectomy in spontaneously ruptured HCC and hepatectomy in non‐ruptured HCC, we performed propensity score‐matching to adjust for significant differences in patient characteristics. Overall survival, disease‐free survival, and recurrence pattern were compared between the matched groups.ResultsForty‐four patients with newly diagnosed ruptured HCC and Child A class were initially treated with transcatheter arterial embolization for hemostasis. Three patients underwent emergency laparotomy, 18 underwent staged hepatectomy, and 23 received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) alone after transcatheter arterial embolization. Among the 23 patients treated with TACE alone, 10 had resectable tumors. The staged hepatectomy group shows significantly higher overall survival with TACE alone than the resectable tumor group (P < 0.001). After propensity score‐matching, overall survival, disease‐free survival, and recurrence pattern were not significantly different between the ruptured HCC with staged hepatectomy group and the non‐ruptured HCC with hepatectomy group. Peritoneal recurrence rates were similar at 14.3 % versus 10.0 %, respectively (P = 0.632).ConclusionsPatients with spontaneously ruptured HCC with staged hepatectomy show comparable long‐term survival and recurrence pattern as patients with non‐ruptured HCC having similar tumor characteristics and liver functional status. Thus, spontaneous HCC rupture may not increase peritoneal recurrence and decrease long‐term survival after partial hepatectomy.
Sutureless Onlay Omental Patch for the Laparoscopic Repair of Perforated Peptic Ulcers
Authors: Wang Yu‐Chun , Hsieh Chi‐Hsun , Lo Hung‐Chieh , Su Li‐Ting 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundBecause the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic approaches for the treatment of perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) have been fully recognized, laparoscopic repair of PPU (LPPU) has become a widely accepted procedure. Following closure of a PPU, the rationale to add an omental patch is based on the assumptions that a patch may decrease the possibility of leakage and make the closure more secure. However, one of the often mentioned disadvantages of LPPU is that it requires a significantly longer operating time. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of LPPU with a sutureless onlay omental patch.MethodsOver 60 months, 43 patients underwent LPPU with sutureless onlay omental patch, and another 64 patients underwent LPPU with sutured omental patch. Patient demographics, operation parameters, and surgical outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsAll patients in both groups survived to the end of the study. There were no leaks in either group. The operating time and length of stay in the sutureless onlay omental patch group were significantly shorter than in the sutured omental patch group.ConclusionsA sutureless onlay omental patch is as safe and effective as a sutured omental patch for the laparoscopic repair of PPU.
Prevention of Incisional Hernia in Midline Laparotomy with an Onlay Mesh: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Caro‐Tarrago A. , Olona Casas C. , Jimenez Salido A. , Duque Guilera E. , Moreno Fernandez F. , Vicente Guillen V. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveOur objective was to evaluate the prevention of incisional hernia (IH) during the postoperative period of a midline laparotomy during elective surgery.Material and methodsA controlled, prospective, randomized, and blind study was carried out. The patients in group A (mesh) were fitted with a polypropylene mesh, to reinforce the standard abdominal wall closure. The patients in group B (non‐mesh) underwent a standard abdominal wall closure and were not fitted with the mesh.ResultsIn group A, 2/80 his were diagnosed, whereas in group B the number was 30/80. The Kaplan–Meier survival curves show that the likelihood of IH at 12 months is 1.5 % in group A compared with 35.9 % in group B (p < 0.0001), which means that the differences are statistically significant.ConclusionFitting a prophylactic supra‐aponeurotic mesh prevents IH independently of other factors.
Intrahepatic Lymphatic Invasion but not Vascular Invasion is a Major Prognostic Factor after Resection of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
Authors: Lupinacci Renato Micelli , Mello Evandro Sobrosa , Pinheiro Rafael S. , Marques Gilton , Coelho Fabrício Ferreira , Kruger Jaime Arthur Pirolla , Perini Marcos Vinícius , Herman Paulo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundDespite advances in diagnosis and surgical strategies, up to 70 % of patients will develop recurrence of the disease after resection of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). The purpose of our study was to determine the frequency of four different mechanisms of intrahepatic dissemination, and to evaluate the impact of each mechanism on patient outcomes.MethodsThe medical records of 118 patients who underwent a first resection of CRCLM during the period between 2000 and 2010 were reviewed. Clinicopathologic variables and outcome parameters were examined. Resected specimens were submitted to routine histological evaluation, and immunohistochemical staining with D2‐40 (lymphatic vessels), CD34 (blood vessels), CK‐7 (biliary epithelium), and CK‐20 (CRC cells).ResultsThe mean follow‐up after resection was 38 months. Tumor recurrence was observed in 76 patients, with a median interval of 13 months after resection. Overall survival and disease‐free survival (DFS) rates after hepatectomy were 62 and 56 %, and 26 and 24 % at 3 and 5 years, respectively. Intrahepatic microscopic invasion included portal venous in 49 patients, sinusoidal in 43 patients, biliary in 20 patients, and lymphatic in 33 patients. Intra‐hepatic lymphatic invasion was the only mechanism of dissemination independently associated with the risk of hepatic recurrence (odds ratio 2.75) and shorter DFS (p = 0.006).ConclusionIntrahepatic lymphatic invasion is a significant prognostic factor. Other mechanisms of invasion, although frequently observed, are not related to recurrence or survival, suggesting that the lymphatic system is the main route for dissemination of CRCLM. Furthermore, immunohistochemical detection of intrahepatic lymphatic invasion might be of value in clinical practice.
Reversibility of Thermal Transitions in Dilute Dioctadecyl‐Dimethyl‐Ammonium Bromide Vesicles
Authors: Feitosa Eloi , Adati Renata D. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDioctadecyl‐dimethyl‐ammonium bromide (DODAB) vesicles can be characterized by their differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms comprised of two endotherms at Ts ≈ 36 °C and Tm ≈ 45 °C in the heating, ascribed respectively to the subgel‐to‐gel and gel‐to‐liquid crystalline transitions, and two exotherms at T′m ≈ 40 °C and T′s ≈ 16 °C in the cooling, ascribed respectively to the liquid crystalline‐to‐gel and gel‐to‐subgel transitions. It has been reported but not proved that the Tm‐transitions, the T′m‐transitions, the Ts‐transitions, and the T′s‐transitions are reverse to each other, displaying hystheresis ΔTm ≈ 5 °C and ΔTs ≈ 20–25 °C, respectively. By investigating the effects of the initial scanning temperature (Ti) on the transition enthalpies (ΔHm, ΔHs, ΔH′m and ΔH′s), we have seen that these transitions are the reverse to each other and display different kinetics.
Nitrooleate Mediates Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Shin Eunju , Yeo Eunju , Lim Jihye , Chang Yun Hee , Park Haeryun , Shim Eugene , Chung Haeyon , Hwang Hye Jin , Chun Jiyeon , Hwang Jinah 
Published: March 2014

AbstractNitrated lipids such as nitrooleate (OLA‐NO2) can act as endogenous peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligands to exert vascular protective effects. However, the molecular mechanisms regarding nitric oxide (NO) production and its regulation are not fully defined in the vasculature. Here, we show that OLA‐NO2 increased endothelial NO release by modulating activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells. Treatment with OLA‐NO2 (3 μM) increased NO release in a time‐dependent manner. OLA‐NO2 decreased protein expression of eNOS and caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) but increased heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) expression. Immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that OLA‐NO2 replaced eNOS/Cav‐1 with eNOS/Hsp90 interaction, resulting in increasing eNOS activity. OLA‐NO2 also induced eNOS phosphorylation at Ser633 and Ser1177 and eNOS dephosphorylation at Ser113 and Thr495. In addition, OLA‐NO2 induced phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2), which might contribute to eNOS activation. Collectively, these results substantiate a new functional role for nitrated fatty acid, demonstrating that OLA‐NO2 exerts vascular protective effects by increasing NO bioavailability through eNOS phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and interaction with associated proteins such as Hsp90 and Cav‐1.
Mapping the Chemical Variability of Vegetable Lecithins
Authors: Nguyen Mai Tuyet , Van de Walle Davy , Petit Cécile , Beheydt Bram , Depypere Frédéric , Dewettinck Koen 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in vegetable lecithins because of their broad usage in many food and cosmetic applications. In this research, the chemical variability of commercial lecithins from soy, sunflower and rapeseed were mapped. The acetone insoluble matter, total phospholipid content and their compositions were determined. Significant correlation coefficients were observed between phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid (−0.84), phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol (−0.86), monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid (−0.97). Principal component analysis was used to group the lecithins according to their sources. Rapeseed lecithin was found to be the most different product compared to soy and sunflower lecithin.
Modeling human cancer cachexia in colon 26 tumor‐bearing adult mice
Authors: Talbert Erin E. , Metzger Gregory A. , He Wei A. , Guttridge Denis C. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundMuscle wasting is a profound side effect of advanced cancer. Cancer‐induced cachexia decreases patient quality of life and is associated with poor patient survival. Currently, no clinical therapies exist to treat cancer‐induced muscle wasting. Although cancers commonly associated with cachexia occur in older individuals, the standard animal models used to elucidate the causes of cachexia rely on juvenile mice.MethodsIn an effort to better model human cancer cachexia, we determined whether cachectic features seen in young mice could be achieved in adult, pre‐sarcopenic mice following colon 26 (C‐26) tumor cell inoculation.ResultsBoth young and adult mice developed similar‐sized tumors and progressed to cachexia with similar kinetics, as evidenced by losses in body mass, and adipose and skeletal muscle tissues. Proteolytic signaling, including proteasome and autophagy genes, was also increased in muscles from both young and adult tumor‐bearing animals. Furthermore, tumor‐associated muscle damage and activation of Pax7 progenitor cells was induced in both young and adult mice.ConclusionsAlthough cancer cachexia generally occurs in older individuals, these data suggest that the phenotype and underlying mechanisms can be effectively modeled using the currently accepted protocol in juvenile mice.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13539‐014‐0141‐2) contains supplementary material.
Implicit attitudes and self‐concepts towards transgression and aggression: Differences between male community and offender adolescents, and associations with psychopathic traits
Authors: Suter Maya , Pihet Sandrine , de Ridder Jill , Zimmermann Grégoire , Stephan Philippe 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTResearch suggests that implicit attitudes play a key role in the occurrence of antisocial behaviours. This study assessed implicit attitudes and self‐concepts related to aggression and transgression in community and offender adolescents, using a new set of Implicit Association Tests (IATs), and examined their association with of psychopathic traits. Thirty‐six offenders and 66 community adolescents performed 4 IATs assessing 1) implicit attitudes about a) aggression and b) transgression as good, and 2) implicit self‐concepts about a) aggression and b) transgression as self‐descriptive. They filled in self‐report questionnaires: the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory, the Child Behaviour Checklist, and explicit measures of their attitudes and self‐concepts towards transgression and aggression. Results showed few differences between community and offender adolescents on implicit attitudes and self‐concepts, and unexpected negative associations between some implicit attitudes and psychopathic traits, while the association was positive for the corresponding explicit attitudes. Possible explanations of these findings are discussed.
The Utility of and Risks Associated With the Use of Spontaneous Volunteers in Disaster Response: A Survey
Authors: Sauer Lauren M. , Catlett Christina , Tosatto Robert , Kirsch Thomas D. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe use of spontaneous volunteers (SV) is common after a disaster, but their limited training and experience can create a danger for the SVs and nongovernmental voluntary organizations (NVOs). We assessed the experience of NVOs with SVs during disasters, how they were integrated into the agency's infrastructure, their perceived value to previous responses, and liability issues associated with their use.MethodsOf the 51 National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disasters organizations that were contacted for surveys, 24 (47%) agreed to participate.ResultsOf the 24 participating organizations, 19 (72%) had encountered SVs during a response, most (79%) used them regularly, and 68% believed that SVs were usually useful. SVs were always credentialed by 2 organizations, and sometimes by 6 (31%). One organization always performed background checks; 53% provided just-in-time training for SVs; 26% conducted evaluations of SV performance; and 21% provided health or workers compensation benefits. Two organizations reported an SV death; 42% reported injuries; 32% accepted legal liability for the actions of SVs; and 16% were sued because of actions by SVs.ConclusionsThe use of SVs is widespread, but NVOs are not necessarily structured to incorporate them effectively. More structured efforts to integrate SVs are critical to safe and effective disaster response. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;8:65-69)
Closed-form shock solutions
Authors: Johnson B. M. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIt is shown here that a subset of the implicit analytical shock solutions discovered by Becker and by Johnson can be inverted, yielding several exact closed-form solutions of the one-dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes equations for an ideal gas. For a constant dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity, and at particular values of the shock Mach number, the velocity can be expressed in terms of a polynomial root. For a constant kinematic viscosity, independent of Mach number, the velocity can be expressed in terms of a hyperbolic tangent function. The remaining fluid variables are related to the velocity through simple algebraic expressions. The solutions derived here make excellent verification tests for numerical algorithms, since no source terms in the evolution equations are approximated, and the closed-form expressions are straightforward to implement. The solutions are also of some academic interest as they may provide insight into the nonlinear character of the Navier–Stokes equations and may stimulate further analytical developments.
Association between dietary carbohydrate intake quality and micronutrient intake adequacy in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) Project
Authors: Zazpe Itziar , Sánchez-Taínta Ana , Santiago Susana , de la Fuente-Arrillaga Carmen , Bes-Rastrollo Maira , Martínez J. Alfredo , Martínez-González Miguel Ángel 
Published: March 2014

Epidemiological research confirms that the prevalence of suboptimal micronutrient intakes across Europe is an emerging concern in terms of public health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between a new index of carbohydrate (CHO) quality and micronutrient intake adequacy in the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN)’ cohort. The baseline assessment extended from 1999 to March 2012. We assessed 16 841 participants who completed a validated 136-item semi-quantitative FFQ at baseline. We created a new index to evaluate CHO quality for the following four criteria: dietary fibre intake; glycaemic index; whole grains:total grains ratio; solid CHO:total CHO ratio. The subjects were classified into quintiles according to this index. We evaluated the intakes of Zn, I, Se, Fe, Ca, K, P, Mg, Cr and vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, C, A, D, E and folic acid. The probability of intake adequacy was evaluated using the estimated average requirement cut-point approach and the probabilistic approach. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the nutritional adequacy according to the CHO quality index (CQI). Participants in the highest quintile of CQI were found to have the lowest prevalence of inadequacy. A higher quality of CHO intake was found to be associated with a lower risk of nutritional inadequacy in comparison with the lowest quintile of CQI (adjusted OR 0·06, 95 % CI 0·02, 0·16;Pfor trend < 0·001). A higher CQI was found to be strongly associated with better micronutrient intake adequacy in the young Mediterranean cohort, stressing the importance of focusing nutritional education not only on CHO quantity, but also on quality.
Comparison of the long-term effects of high-fat v. low-fat diet consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Schwingshackl Lukas , Hoffmann Georg 
Published: March 2014

The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the long-term effects ( ≥ 12 months) of high-fat (HF) v. low-fat (LF) diet consumption on the indicators of glycaemic control as well as cardiovascular risk factors in pre-diabetic and diabetic individuals. Literature search was carried out using the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Trial Register until November 2013. Study-specific weighted mean differences (MD) were pooled using a random-effects model of the Cochrane software package Review Manager 5.1 and Stata 12.0 was used for meta-regressions. A total of fourteen trials met the inclusion criteria and a maximum of 1753 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. HF regimens were found to result in a significant decrease in TAG levels (MD − 0·19 mmol/l, 95 % CI − 0·23, − 0·14, P< 0·001; I2= 0 %, P= 0·58) and diastolic blood pressure (MD − 1·30 mmHg, 95 % CI − 1·73, − 0·87, P< 0·001; I2= 0 %, P= 0·60) and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol levels (MD 0·05 mmol/l, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·08, P= 0·01; I2= 57 %, P= 0·01). In addition, MD in the reductions of fasting glucose levels ( − 0·41 mmol/l, 95 % CI − 0·74, − 0·08, P= 0·01; I2= 56 %, P= 0·02) were significantly high in patients with type 2 diabetes adhering to a HF diet. HF and LF diets might not be of equal value in the management of either pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes, leading to emphasis being placed on the recommendations of HF diets.
Energy intake, growth rate and body composition of young Labrador Retrievers and Miniature Schnauzers fed different dietary levels of vitamin A
Authors: Brenten Thomas , Morris Penelope J. , Salt Carina , Raila Jens , Kohn Barbara , Brunnberg Leo , Schweigert Florian J. , Zentek Jürgen 
Published: March 2014

Research in rodents has shown that dietary vitamin A reduces body fat by enhancing fat mobilisation and energy utilisation; however, their effects in growing dogs remain unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the development of body weight and body composition and compared observed energy intake with predicted energy intake in forty-nine puppies from two breeds (twenty-four Labrador Retriever (LAB) and twenty-five Miniature Schnauzer (MS)). A total of four different diets with increasing vitamin A content between 5·24 and 104·80 μmol retinol (5000–100 000 IU vitamin A)/4184 kJ (1000 kcal) metabolisable energy were fed from the age of 8 weeks up to 52 (MS) and 78 weeks (LAB). The daily energy intake was recorded throughout the experimental period. The body condition score was evaluated weekly using a seven-category system, and food allowances were adjusted to maintain optimal body condition. Body composition was assessed at the age of 26 and 52 weeks for both breeds and at the age of 78 weeks for the LAB breed only using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The growth curves of the dogs followed a breed-specific pattern. However, data on energy intake showed considerable variability between the two breeds as well as when compared with predicted energy intake. In conclusion, the data show that energy intakes of puppies particularly during early growth are highly variable; however, the growth pattern and body composition of the LAB and MS breeds are not affected by the intake of vitamin A at levels up to 104·80 μmol retinol (100 000 IU vitamin A)/4184 kJ (1000 kcal).
Maternal high-fat diet consumption modulates hepatic lipid metabolism and microRNA-122 (miR-122) and microRNA-370 (miR-370) expression in offspring
Authors: Benatti R. O. , Melo A. M. , Borges F. O. , Ignacio-Souza L. M. , Simino L. A. P. , Milanski M. , Velloso L. A. , Torsoni M. A. , Torsoni A. S. 
Published: March 2014

Maternal consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy and lactation is closely related to hepatic lipid accumulation, insulin resistance and increased serum cytokine levels in offspring and into their adulthood. MicroRNA (miRNA) have been implicated in cholesterol biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism. We evaluated the modulation of hepatic fatty acid synthesis (de novo), β-oxidation pathways, and miRNA-122 (miR-122) and miRNA-370 (miR-370) expression in recently weaned offspring (day 28) of mouse dams fed a HFD (HFD-O) or a standard chow (SC-O) during pregnancy and lactation. Compared with SC-O mice, HFD-O mice weighed more, had a larger adipose tissue mass and were more intolerant to glucose and insulin (P< 0·05). HFD-O mice also presented more levels of serum cholesterol, TAG, NEFA and hepatic IκB kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation compared with SC-O mice (P< 0·05). Protein levels of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase were similar in HFD-O and SC-O mice, whereas expression levels of SCD1 mRNA and protein were more abundant in HFD-O mice than in SC-O mice (P< 0·05). Interestingly, mRNA expression levels of the β-oxidation-related genes ACADVL and CPT1 were decreased in HFD-O mice (P< 0·05). Furthermore, the expression of miR-122 was reduced but that of miR-370 was increased in HFD-O mice compared with that in SC-O mice (P< 0·05). Changes in hepatic lipid metabolism were accompanied by increased mRNA content of AGPAT1 and TAG deposition in HFD-O mice (P< 0·05). Taken together, the present results strongly suggest that maternal consumption of a HFD affects the early lipid metabolism of offspring by modulating the expression of hepatic β-oxidation-related genes and miRNA that can contribute to metabolic disturbances in adult life.