bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation analysis of recovering time-varying gravity fields based on Starlink-like constellation
Authors: Liu Youjian , Li Jiancheng , Xu Xinyu , Wei Hui , Li Zhao , Zhao Yongqi 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARY
Time-varying gravity fields play a crucial role in understanding and analysing geodynamic processes, particularly the migration of matter across the Earth's surface. However, the current limitations in spatiotemporal resolution hinder their accurate representation. In this context, the use of a giant constellation of low-orbit satellites holds great potential for accurately recovering time-varying gravity fields with high spatiotemporal resolution. Based on the orbital parameters of 5199 satellites in 123 different orbital planes in the first phase configuration of the Starlink constellation and the orbital parameters of the Bender constellation in the next generation gravity mission, we conducted a closed-loop simulation to analyse the recovery ability of time-varying gravity field in 9 d using the short-arc integral method. The errors of aliasing AOHIS signal (Atmosphere, Ocean, Hydrology, Ice and Solid Earth), ocean tide models, orbit positions, intersatellite range rates and accelerometer observations were considered in the numerical simulation. Compared with the Bender constellation, the Starlink-like constellation can effectively decrease the aliasing errors in the spatial- and frequency domain when the observation noise is not considered. The Starlink-like constellation can also effectively improve the reliability of low-degree coefficients (below degree 15) of retrieved time-varying gravity field models and present higher time resolution (within 9 d) for the full-degree spherical harmonic solutions than the Bender constellation when the observation noise is considered. The aliasing effect on the low-degree part of the Bender constellation can be significantly decreased by combining the Starlink-like and Bender constellations, and the accuracy of the recovered time-varying gravity field within degree 30 can be improved by about 0.5–1 order of magnitude. Our results can provide a technical reference for the design of future gravity satellite mission.
Predictors of telehealth use after the Minnesota Telehealth Act: analysis using the Minnesota All Payer Claims Database
Authors: Ghosh Arkadipta , Jacobs Ethan , Greener Elizabeth , Evans Alyssa , Lee Mark , Wang Rui , Mink Pamela , Burian Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the federal government and many state governments instituted expanded coverage for telehealth (TH) services and since have maintained it. Using data from the Minnesota All Payer Claims Database and publicly available data sources, we examined TH use among commercially insured and Medicare Advantage (MA) patients in Minnesota. In 2022, 30.4% of commercially insured patients and 24.4% of MA patients used TH services. Living in a metropolitan area, an area with a high proportion of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color residents, having greater disease burden, and being younger were associated with a greater likelihood of using TH. Living in an area with limited broadband access reduced the likelihood of TH use. Two patient subgroups more likely to use TH—younger patients in metropolitan areas and high-risk patients with depression—received a similar proportion of ambulatory visits via TH.
Lessons for cannabinoid regulation from electronic nicotine delivery system product regulation
Authors: Yagi Brian , Veuger Stan , Miller Brian J , Larkin Paul 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cannabis legalization continues to spread, with 38 states permitting the use of medical marijuana, 22 states permitting recreational use, and growing political momentum for federal legalization. The last time the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was tasked with regulating a new product occurred with 2009's Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, which created the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP). Thus, the time is ripe to review the history of CTP with particular attention to difficulties the nascent center faced in regulating novel products such as e-cigarettes or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Specifically, FDA has struggled with defining its scope of authority, determining which review pathway(s) to utilize, and promulgating timely and transparent product standards for marketing authorization—all of which offer lessons for improving cannabis product oversight and enforcement.
Vineyard management systems influence arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi recruitment by grapevine rootstocks in New Zealand
Authors: Moukarzel Romy , Jones E Eirian , Panda Preeti , Larrouy Justine , Ramana John V , Guerin-Laguette Alexis , Ridgway Hayley J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can perform significant functions within sustainable agricultural ecosystems, including vineyards. Increased AMF diversity can be beneficial in promoting plant growth and increasing resilience to environmental changes. To effectively utilize AMF communities and their benefits in vineyard ecosystems, a better understanding of how management systems influence AMF community composition is needed. Moreover, it is unknown whether AMF communities in organically managed vineyards are distinct from those in conventionally managed vineyards.

Methods and Results
In this study, vineyards were surveyed across the Marlborough region, New Zealand to identify the AMF communities colonizing the roots of different rootstocks grafted with Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir in both conventional and organic systems. The AMF communities were identified based on spores isolated from trap cultures established with the collected grapevine roots, and by next-generation sequencing technologies (Illumina MiSeq). The identified AMF species/genera belonged to Glomeraceae, Entrophosporaceae, and Diversisporaceae. The results revealed a significant difference in AMF community composition between rootstocks and in their interaction with management systems.

Conclusions
These outcomes indicated that vineyard management systems influence AMF recruitment by rootstocks and some rootstocks may therefore be more suited to organic systems due to the AMF communities they support. This could provide an increased benefit to organic systems by supporting higher biodiversity.
The impact of heat treatment on E. coli cell physiology in rich and minimal media considering oxidative secondary stress
Authors: Vo Khanh C , Sakamoto Jin J , Furuta Masakazu , Tsuchido Tetsuaki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study investigates the cell physiology of thermally injured bacterial cells, with a specific focus on oxidative stress and the repair mechanisms associated with oxidative secondary stress.

Methods and results
We explored the effect of heat treatment on the activity of two protective enzymes, levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and redox potential. The findings reveal that enzyme activity slightly increased after heat treatment, gradually returning to baseline levels during subculture. The response of Escherichia coli cells to heat treatment, as assessed by the level of superoxide radicals generated and redox potential, varied based on growth conditions, namely minimal and rich media. Notably, the viability of injured cells improved when antioxidants were added to agar media, even in the presence of metabolic inhibitors.

Conclusions
These results suggest a complex system involved in repairing damage in heat-treated cells, particularly in rich media. While repairing membrane damage is crucial for cell regrowth and the electron transport system plays a critical role in the recovery process of injured cells under both tested conditions.
Development and evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based workflow for the prioritization of patient portal messages
Authors: Yang Jie , So Jonathan , Zhang Hao , Jones Simon , Connolly Denise M , Golding Claudia , Griffes Esmelin , Szerencsy Adam C , Wu Tzer (Jason) , Aphinyanaphongs Yindalon , Major Vincent J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Accelerating demand for patient messaging has impacted the practice of many providers. Messages are not recommended for urgent medical issues, but some do require rapid attention. This presents an opportunity for artificial intelligence (AI) methods to prioritize review of messages. Our study aimed to highlight some patient portal messages for prioritized review using a custom AI system integrated into the electronic health record (EHR).

Materials and Methods
We developed a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)-based large language model using 40 132 patient-sent messages to identify patterns involving high acuity topics that warrant an immediate callback. The model was then implemented into 2 shared pools of patient messages managed by dozens of registered nurses. A primary outcome, such as the time before messages were read, was evaluated with a difference-in-difference methodology.

Results
Model validation on an expert-reviewed dataset (n = 7260) yielded very promising performance (C-statistic = 97%, average-precision = 72%). A binarized output (precision = 67%, sensitivity = 63%) was integrated into the EHR for 2 years. In a pre-post analysis (n = 396 466), an improvement exceeding the trend was observed in the time high-scoring messages sit unread (21 minutes, 63 vs 42 for messages sent outside business hours).

Discussion
Our work shows great promise in improving care when AI is aligned with human workflow. Future work involves audience expansion, aiding users with suggested actions, and drafting responses.

Conclusion
Many patients utilize patient portal messages, and while most messages are routine, a small fraction describe alarming symptoms. Our AI-based workflow shortens the turnaround time to get a trained clinician to review these messages to provide safer, higher-quality care.
Incorporating patient, caregiver, and provider perspectives in the co-design of an app to guide Hospital at Home admission decisions: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Kowalkowski Marc , Eaton Tara , Reeves Kelly W , Kramer Justin , Murphy Stephanie , Hole Colleen , Chou Shih-Hsiung , Aneralla Amanda , McWilliams Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Hospital at Home (HaH) programs currently lack decision support tools to help efficiently navigate the complex decision-making process surrounding HaH as a care option. We assessed user needs and perspectives to guide early prototyping and co-creation of 4PACS (Partnering Patients and Providers for Personalized Acute Care Selection), a decision support app to help patients make an informed decision when presented with discrete hospitalization options.

Methods
From December 2021 to January 2022, we conducted semi-structured interviews via telephone with patients and caregivers recruited from Atrium Health’s HaH program and physicians and a nurse with experience referring patients to HaH. Interviews were evaluated using thematic analysis. The findings were synthesized to create illustrative user descriptions to aid 4PACS development.

Results
In total, 12 stakeholders participated (3 patients, 2 caregivers, 7 providers [physicians/nurse]). We identified 4 primary themes: attitudes about HaH; 4PACS app content and information needs; barriers to 4PACS implementation; and facilitators to 4PACS implementation. We characterized 3 user descriptions (one per stakeholder group) to support 4PACS design decisions. User needs included patient selection criteria, clear program details, and descriptions of HaH components to inform care expectations. Implementation barriers included conflict between app recommendations and clinical judgement, inability to adequately represent patient-risk profile, and provider burden. Implementation facilitators included ease of use, auto-populating features, and appropriate health literacy.

Conclusions
The findings indicate important information gaps and user needs to help inform 4PACS design and barriers and facilitators to implementing 4PACS in the decision-making process of choosing between hospital-level care options.
Nephrocalcinosis and kidney function in children and adults with X-linked hypophosphatemia: baseline results from a large longitudinal study
Authors: Portale Anthony A , Ward Leanne , Dahir Kathryn , Florenzano Pablo , Ing Steven W , Jan de Beur Suzanne M , Martin Regina M , Meza-Martinez Adriana I , Paloian Neil , Ashraf Ambika , Dixon Bradley P , Khan Aliya , Langman Craig , Chen Angel , Wang Christine , Roberts Mary Scott , Tandon P K , Bedrosian Camille , Imel Erik A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
In patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), conventional therapy with oral phosphate salts and active vitamin D has been associated with nephrocalcinosis. However, the nature of the relationships among XLH, its treatment, nephrocalcinosis, and kidney function remain poorly understood.

Methods
Renal ultrasounds were performed and glomerular filtration rates were estimated (eGFR) at baseline in burosumab-naïve patients with XLH who participated in burosumab clinical trials (NCT02181764, NCT02526160, NCT02537431, NCT02163577, NCT02750618, NCT02915705) or enrolled in the XLH Disease Monitoring Program (XLH-DMP; NCT03651505). In this cross-sectional analysis, patient, disease, and treatment characteristics were described among patients with and without nephrocalcinosis.

Results
The analysis included 196 children (mean [SD] age 7.6 [4.0] yr) and 318 adults (40.3 [13.1] yr). Mean (SD) height z-score was −1.9 (1.2) for children and −2.3 (1.7) for adults. Nearly all children (97%) and adults (94%) had previously received conventional therapy. Nephrocalcinosis was detected in 22% of children and 38% of adults. In children, reduced eGFR &lt;90 mL/min/1.73 m2 was more prevalent in those with nephrocalcinosis (25%) than in those without (11%), a finding that was not observed in adults. Children with nephrocalcinosis had lower mean values of TmP/GFR (p&lt;.05), serum 1,25(OH)2D (p&lt;.05), and eGFR (p&lt;.001) and higher mean serum calcium concentrations (p&lt;.05) than did those without nephrocalcinosis. Adults with nephrocalcinosis had lower mean serum phosphorus (p&lt;.01) and 1,25(OH)2D (p&lt;.05) concentrations than those without. Exploratory logistic regression analyses revealed no significant associations between the presence of nephrocalcinosis and other described patient or disease characteristics.

Conclusions
Nephrocalcinosis was observed in nearly one-quarter of children and more than one-third of adults with XLH. Further study is needed to better understand the predictors and long-term consequences of nephrocalcinosis, with surveillance for nephrocalcinosis remaining important in the management of XLH.
Microvascular disease and early diabetes onset are associated with deficits in femoral neck bone density and structure among older adults with longstanding type 1 diabetes
Authors: Johannesdottir Fjola , Tedtsen Trinity , Cooke Laura M , Mahar Sarah , Zhang Meng , Nustad Jordan , Garrahan Margaret A , Gehman Sarah E , Yu Elaine W , Bouxsein Mary L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have increased hip fracture risk, yet no studies have assessed volumetric bone density or structure at the hip in older adults with T1D. Here, we used previously collected 3D CT scans of the proximal femur from older adults with longstanding T1D and non-diabetic controls to identify bone deficits that may contribute to hip fracture in T1D. In this retrospective cohort study, we identified 101 adults with T1D and 181 age-, sex-, and race-matched non-diabetic controls (CON) who received abdominal or pelvis CT exams from 2010 to 2020. Among adults with T1D, 33 (33%) had mild-to-moderate nephropathy, 61 (60%) had neuropathy, and 71 (70%) had retinopathy. Within the whole cohort, adults with T1D tended to have lower FN density, though differences did not reach statistical significance. The subset of the T1D group who were diagnosed before age 15 had lower total BMC (−14%, TtBMC), cortical BMC (−19.5%, CtBMC), and smaller Ct cross-sectional area (−12.6, CtCSA) than their matched controls (p&lt;.05 for all). Individuals with T1D who were diagnosed at a later age did not differ from controls in any bone outcome (p&gt;.21). Furthermore, adults with T1D and nephropathy had lower FN aBMD (−10.6%), TtBMC (−17%), CtBMC (−24%), and smaller CtCSA (−15.4%) compared to matched controls (p&lt;.05 for all). Adults with T1D and neuropathy had cortical bone deficits (8.4%–12%, p&lt;.04). In summary, among older adults with T1D, those who were diagnosed before the age of 15 yr, as well as those with nephropathy and neuropathy had unfavorable bone outcomes at the FN, which may contribute to the high risk of hip fractures among patients with T1D. These novel observations highlight the longstanding detrimental impact of T1D when present during bone accrual and skeletal fragility as an additional complication of microvascular disease in individuals with T1D.
The identities of Pinnotheres villosulus Guérin-Méneville, 1832, P. edwardsi De Man, 1887, and P. trichopus Tesch, 1918, with description of a new Indo-West Pacific genus of pinnotherid crab (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)
Authors: Ahyong Shane T , Ng Peter K L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Nepinnotheres villosulus (Guérin-Méneville, 1832) [Guérin-Méneville, 1829–1837] [type locality: Timor] and Nepinnotheres edwardsi (De Man, 1887) [type locality: Mergui Archipelago], as currently understood, are both reportedly widespread in Southeast Asia and northern Australia, and unique in the genus in having females densely covered by a setal tomentum that completely obscures the surfaces of the carapace and pereiopods. Based on the limited information contained in the type accounts, N. edwardsi and N. villosulus appear indistinguishable, but this cannot currently be confirmed by comparing type material because the holotype of N. villosulus, the senior name, is lost. A neotype is therefore designated for N. villosulus to fix its identity and taxonomic status as a senior synonym of N. edwardsi. In addition to the unique setation pattern of female N. villosulus, males of the species also present important differences from those of male Nepinnotheres sensu stricto. Pinnotheres trichopusTesch, 1918 [type locality: Elat, Great Kei Island, Indonesia], is also shown to be a junior synonym of P. villosulus. Moreover, recent molecular phylogenetic analyses determined that N. villosulus is phylogenetically distant from Nepinnotheres sensu stricto. As such, we establish a new genus for N. villosulus.
The Politics of Ambiguous Loss: Missing Persons and Social Ecologies after Armed Conflict
Authors: Robins Simon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article seeks to understand how the concept of ambiguous loss can help explain why and how the issue of missing persons becomes a tool of politics, in terms of being instrumentalized to advance particular political agendas. Ambiguous loss is constructed relationally within the social systems that family members of the missing occupy and, as a result, social and political contexts play a crucial role in both defining ambiguity and in mediating the impacts of ambiguous loss. Because ambiguity is discursively and relationally constructed and meaning made from it subject to existing power relations, it is inherently political. The extreme and chronic trauma of ambiguous loss reshapes individuals’, families’ and, potentially, communities’ perspectives on events in which people have gone missing, making the trauma of ambiguous loss one that lends itself to being framed as a collective trauma with impacts for the entire group. More than this, the impacts of ambiguous loss resonate with what have been called ‘chosen traumas’, used to create group identities in the light of extreme experiences. In particular, the importance in ambiguous loss of meaning making and of the challenge of forgetting resonates with what makes collective traumas effective tools of politics.
International Crimes and Double Standards
Authors: Goldston James A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The law’s aspiration to impartiality, central to its legitimacy, is impaired by concerns that judicial systems treat similarly situated persons or factual situations differently for improper reasons. In few fields is this truer than the sphere of international criminal justice, where the political stakes are high and judicial institutions are relatively young. The conflicts in Ukraine and Israel/Palestine have fuelled claims on all sides that the search for accountability has been marred by double standards. How these are addressed — by courts, states, and civil society — matters for the victims of grave crimes, and for the international justice project itself. This article argues that, while those who wish to advance international justice cannot eliminate double standards, they can adopt concrete measures to combat and minimize them. Given how important perceptions are in this debate, even small steps matter.
The importance of acetate, pyruvate, and citrate feeding times in improving xanthan production by Xanthomonas citri
Authors: Moravej Roya , Azin Mehrdad , Mohammadjavad Samaneh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Xanthan gum is a microbial polysaccharide produced by Xanthomonas and widely used in various industries. To produce xanthan gum, the native Xanthomonas citri-386 was used in a cheese-whey-based culture medium. The culture conditions were investigated in batch experiments based on the response surface methodology to increase xanthan production and viscosity. Three independent variables in this study included feeding times of acetate, pyruvate, and citrate. The maximum xanthan gum production and viscosity within 120 h by X. citri-386 using Box–Behnken design were 25.7 g/l and 65 500 cP, respectively, with a 151% and 394% increase as compared to the control sample. Overall, the findings of this study recommend the use of X. citri-386 in the cheese-whey-based medium as an economical medium with optimal amounts of acetate, pyruvate, and citrate for commercial production of xanthan gum on an industrial scale. The adjustment of the pyruvate and acetate concentrations optimized xanthan gum production in the environment.
Blakean anti-wisdom in Thomas Merton’s proverbs
Authors: Myers Ben 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper explores William Blake’s reception in the work of the twentieth-century monastic writer Thomas Merton. The paper explores the way Blakean proverbs function in Merton’s work as a model of social critique. Following Blake, Merton came to see “wisdom” as a kind of subtraction: not an addition of meaning but a corrosive acid that burns away the falsehoods and illusions of social and religious norms, allowing an authentic spiritual vision to emerge.
Coyolxauqui’s Bent Heart: An Interview with Richard Villegas, Jr.
Authors: Fernández Audrey Harris 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article is an interview with Richard Villegas, Jr. about his self-published short story collection, I (Heart) Babylon, Tenochtitlán, and Ysteléi (2011) and the hit Starz series it inspired, Vida (2018-20) about two sisters struggling to save their mother’s lesbian bar in the gentrifying Boyle Heights district of Los Angeles. The interview discusses Villegas’s education in the pioneering César E. Chávez Department of Chicana/o Studies at UCLA in the activist 90s; the Los Angeles public school system in which he taught for twenty years; East LA as literary landscape and Mexico City/Tenochtitlán as creative inspiration; Indigenous iconography and revisionist mythmaking; Latinx representation in Hollywood, including the pressure to stereotype and the struggle to tell authentic stories; family struggles; humor as a life strategy, and solidarities between the queer and feminist Chicano/a sensibilities. The interview also discusses Vida in the context of current debates around gente-fication, or the movement of middle-class Latinos home to revitalize the barrio.