bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
After an initial Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome clinical diagnosis, molecular testing reveals variants for oculocutaneous albinism type 1B: A case report
Authors: Serrano‐González Joseline , Montes‐Rodríguez Ingrid , Renta Jessicca Y. , Rojas Ricardo , Cadilla Carmen L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlbinism is a heterogeneous condition in which patients present complete absence, reduction, or normal pigmentation in skin, hair and eyes in addition to ocular defects. One of the heterogeneous forms of albinism is observed in Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome (HPS) patients. HPS is characterized by albinism and hemorrhagic diathesis due to the absence of dense bodies in platelets.MethodsIn this report, we describe a case of a pair of Puerto Rican siblings with albinism that were clinically diagnosed with HPS during childhood. Since they did not harbor the founder changes in the HPS1 and HPS3 genes common in Puerto Ricans, as adults they wanted to know the type of albinism they had. We performed exome sequencing, validation by PCR, and cloning of PCR products followed by Sanger sequencing in the family members.ResultsWe discovered no mutations that could explain an HPS diagnosis. Instead, we found the siblings were compound heterozygotes for 4 variants in the Tyrosinase gene: c.‐301C>T, c.140G>A (rs61753180; p.G47D), c.575C>A (rs1042602; p.S192Y), and c.1205G>A (rs1126809; p.R402Q). Our results show that the correct diagnosis for the siblings is OCA1B.ConclusionOur study shows the importance of molecular testing when diagnosing a rare genetic disorder, especially in populations were the disease prevalence is higher.
Special Issue on Advances in Porous Materials
Authors: Santos Hélder A. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThis Special Issue is dedicated to current research activities on Advanced Porous Materials within the framework of “The NETPORE COST Action,” providing a collection of 12 outstanding contributions (four review papers and eight original research papers) from diverse research groups on the latest progresses regarding porous nano‐ and micro‐materials for diverse applications. The contributions herein address the impact of porous materials in basic science, batteries, biosensing, and translational and personalized medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Overall, this Special Issue is expected to provide important background and new knowledge on the latest advances in porous materials and their broad applications.
Nurses on shacking ground—A qualitative study of Danish dermatology and allergology nurses' experiences of relocation during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Trettin Bettina , Munk Nadja Trier , Egmose Britt , Agerskov Hanne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate dermatology and allergology nurses' experiences of relocation from an outpatient clinic to a newly established COVID‐19 infectious disease ward.DesignA phenomenological‐hermeneutical approach was applied.MethodsThree focus groups with nurses were conducted from June to August 2020. Data were analysed in accordance with Ricoeur's theory of interpretation.ResultsThe relocation represented a challenging period that involved uncertainty and evoked feelings of excitement and dedication towards the nursing profession. Nurses felt obligated to help; however, they also experienced that they did not have a say in the relocation. The placement on the infectious disease ward was characterized by adaptations in three areas: unfamiliar working environment, unfamiliar team competencies and inadequate nursing training. E‐learning training was experienced as insufficient, as it did not enhance the nurses' specific competencies or confidence in caring for patients with COVID‐19.ConclusionThe relocation of nurses from an outpatient clinic to a new COVID‐19 infectious disease ward created a dilemma between nurses' sense of duty and their right to self‐determination. A prompt relocation into a newly established unfamiliar field caused frustrations because there were no unspoken rules to rely on. Managers should take nurses' experiences and perceptions under careful consideration and strive for more involvement in future scenarios.Patient or Public ContributionsNo patient or public contribution.
Considerations for specialized maternal–fetal care in the Somali‐American community
Authors: Eyerly‐Webb Stephanie A. , Jumale Shukri , Wolfe Ian , Maalimisaq Munira , Abdulkadir Jamila , Nisius Elizabeth , Barthel Emily F. , Juckel Nicholas , Dion Eric , Palmer Jill , Brock Clifton O. , Snowise Saul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study describes the perceptions, personal and community experiences, and barriers to care of Somali‐American families regarding specialized maternal‐fetal care from their viewpoint.Study DesignWe conducted a semi‐structured focus group study of Somali‐American women (March 2023). We used qualitative analysis techniques to identify and report thematic findings.ResultsFifty Somali‐American women were interviewed in focus groups. Five themes were identified: 1) adherence to religious belief (namely Islamic) was paramount, including devotions of predestination (e.g. divine will) and permissibility of fetal intervention, 2) participants valued consensus among clinicians and were guided by prior experiences, 3) confidence in the medical team was important, and included the need to communicate effectively with clinicians and concerns regarding the accuracy of diagnosis, 4) decisional factors prioritized saving the life of the baby, and 5) treatment considerations included reluctance to intervene before birth.ConclusionsFor the Somali‐American participants, their faith identity was central when considering their medical needs, including a hesitance to treat a baby before birth due to Islamic belief in divine will. In addition, these community members highlighted the importance of trustworthy interpretation, cultural competence, clinician consensus, prior pregnancy experiences as well as experiences of other community members as having an impact on their trust in their medical care and diagnosis.
Fabrication and characterization of human finger ridge‐inspired soft elastomeric pressure sensor with liquid metal‐embedded microchannels
Authors: Saxena Akshay , Patra Karali 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSoft sensors are flexible and stretchable, and because of this, they can be used on a wide range of surfaces, regardless of their size or shape. Such sensors may have applications such as in human–robot interaction, healthcare, soft robotics and human motion detection, where they can sense their surroundings and provide information. In this work, a soft piezoresistive sensor inspired by human finger ridges has been fabricated with liquid metal (EGaIn) electrode‐filled embedded microchannels on elastomeric material (Ecoflex 0030) and characterized for a pressure range of 0 to 280 kPa at different compression rates. The sensitivity of the elastomeric sensor increases and the limit of detection (LOD) decreases with a reduction in compression rate. In this work, microchannels on soft and stretchable elastomers are cast on a metallic mold prepared using the micromilling method. This method reduces the complexity of developing microchannels on the soft material using the metallic mold. The sensor has microchannels with a cross‐section of 200 μm × 200 μm, an active sensing area of 10 × 10 mm2 and overall dimensions of 15 × 15 × 2 mm3. At a low compression rate, this sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 0.126 kPa−1 and a high linearity of 0.98, a LOD of 68 Pa, a response time of 30 ms and stability for 10 000 consecutive cycles at 100 kPa load. The developed sensor was shown to successfully differentiate various objects (soft to hard) based on the feedback it received when it was deployed on the gripper of an industrial manipulator. © 2024 The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Electrochemical behavior of non‐functionalized and sulfonated melanins at different pH values
Authors: Brizuela Guerra Nayrim , Lima João Victor Morais , Paulin João Vitor , Nozella Natan Luiz , Boratto Miguel Henrique , Nogueira Gabriel Leonardo , Bufon Carlos César Bof , de Oliveira Graeff Carlos Frederico 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMelanins are macromolecular pigments widely spread in many living organisms, with unique physical and chemical properties. Specifically, their conductive properties have drawn attention for applications in different devices; however, the electrochemical response is equally necessary for designing technologies in sustainable bioelectronics. In this sense, we report a comparative study of the redox electrochemical properties of non‐functionalized and sulfonated melanins in different pH environments. The electrochemical response was investigated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, dielectric permittivity and AC/DC conductivity at pH 3, 5 and 7. The voltammetric currents were higher at low pH, in agreement with the known proton transport properties of melanins. The effect of pH on electrochemical properties was slightly more significant in non‐functionalized pigments. Melanins with a higher 5,6‐dihydroxyindole carboxylic acid/5,6‐dihydroxyindole ratio showed high DC current and low impedance. No significant difference was observed in the dielectric relaxation process between the different samples. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Implementation of paraprofessional behavior support coaching: A study of behavior concerns and interventions used in elementary schools
Authors: Fingerhut Joelle , Reddy Linda A. , Lekwa Adam , Dudek Christopher 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLimited research has been conducted on coaching of paraprofessionals who serve students with disruptive behaviors. This study builds upon a randomized controlled trial investigating the intervention effects of the Behavior Support Coaching for Paraprofessionals model by examining the specific behavior concerns, coaching goals, and interventions used during behavior support coaching implementation. This study consists of 83 elementary school paraprofessionals who received behavior support coaching and served 163 elementary school students from 27 schools. Behavior support coaches used observational data to identify student behavior needs, set goals, prioritize intervention supports, and monitor progress toward goals. Results revealed inappropriate physical and verbal behaviors were most often targeted as behavior goals. Coaches and paraprofessionals and classroom teachers utilized a broad range of research‐based behavior interventions, with token economy and behavioral contract most often implemented. Results indicated significant change in observed student nonengagement and inappropriate physical behaviors when these are targeted as behavior goals. Implications of these findings for research and school practice are presented.
Influence of halogen substituents on sensitivity towards detonation of polycyclic nitroaromatic high‐energy molecules
Authors: Veljković Ivana S. , Đunović Aleksandra B. , Veljković Dušan Ž. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAnalysis of molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) on the surface of high‐energy molecules is often used to predict detonation properties of these compounds since strong positive values of electrostatic potentials in the central molecular regions are related to the high sensitivity towards detonation. In this work, we combined bond dissociation energy (BDE) calculations with analysis of the MEPs to reveal the influence of the halogen substituents on the sensitivities towards detonation of a series of halogen‐substituted dinitronaphthalenes. Obtained results showed that halogen substituents affect detonation properties of the studied molecules by tilting the neighboring NO2 groups, which results in decreased stability of corresponding C–N bonds. In addition, halogen atoms affect the detonation properties of studied molecules by modifying the positive values of the electrostatic potentials in the central regions of the molecular surfaces.
Treatment of small as well as large declines in lung function enhances recovery to baseline in people with CF
Authors: Schechter Michael S. , Ostrenga Joshua S. , Cromwell Elizabeth A. , Ren Clement L. , Fink Aliza K. , Sanders D. B. , Morgan Wayne J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe benefit of antibiotic treatment of acute drops in FEV1 percent predicted (FEV1pp) has been clearly established, but data from the early 2000s showed inconsistent treatment. Further, there is no empirical evidence for what magnitude of drop is clinically significant.MethodsWe used data from the CF Foundation Patient Registry (CFFPR) from 2016 to 2019 to determine the association between treatment (any IV antibiotics, only oral or newly prescribed inhaled antibiotics, or no antibiotic therapy) following a decline of ≥5% from baseline FEV1pp and return to 100% baseline FEV1pp days using multivariable logistic regression including an interaction between the magnitude of decline and treatment category.ResultsOverall, 16,495 PWCF had a decline: 16.5% were treated with IV antibiotics, 25.0% non‐IV antibiotics, and 58.5% received no antibiotics. Antibiotic treatment was more likely for those with lower lung function, history of a positive PA culture, older age and larger FEV1 decline (p < 0.001). Treatment with IV antibiotics or oral/inhaled antibiotics was associated with a higher odds of recovery to baseline compared to no treatment across all levels of decline, including declines of 5%–10%.ConclusionsA large proportion of acute drops in FEV1pp continue to be untreated, especially in younger patients and those with higher baseline lung function. Acute drops as small as 5% predicted are less likely to be recovered if antibiotic treatment is not prescribed. These findings suggest the need for more aggressive antimicrobial treatment of acute drops in FEV1, including those of a magnitude previously believed to be associated with self‐recovery.
Formulation of Hexamine‐based Fuels for Hybrid Rockets
Authors: Wingborg Niklas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHybrid rockets have many attractive properties but have not yet been used in any high performance applications, mainly due to the low regression rate of the solid fuels used. In this work, a number of crystalline organic fillers were assessed with the aim to increase the regression rate and density of HTPB‐based fuels. Hexamine, which was the most promising filler, catalyses the HTPB/isocyanate crosslinking reaction leading to unacceptable short pot life. However, it was found that the pot life could be substantially prolonged by the use of less reactive brands of HTPB, added plasticizer and reduced NCO/OH ratio. Fuel formulations containing 75 % hexamine were easy to cast and the cured slabs were of good quality, free from bubbles or voids, with a density 30 % higher than plain HTPB. The tensile strength of the fuels were similar to typical solid propellants but the elasticity might need to be improved. Hexamine decompose at substantially lower temperature than HTPB. This, and its high density, makes it promising for use in hybrid rocket fuels.
Relevance of plasma lenvatinib concentrations and endogenous urinary cytochrome P450 3A activity biomarkers in clinical practice
Authors: Kumondai Masaki , Ogawa Reika , Hayashi Nagomi , Ishida Yurika , Oshikiri Hanae , Sato Yuji , Kikuchi Masafumi , Sato Yu , Sato Toshihiro , Maekawa Masamitsu , Mano Nariyasu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLenvatinib (LEN), a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in various cancer treatments, is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) enzymes. The importance of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in patients administered LEN has been proposed. Although some biomarkers of endogenous CYP3A activity have been reported, their utility in dosage adjustments has not been well evaluated. This study investigated the correlation between plasma LEN concentrations and endogenous urinary CYP3A biomarkers in clinical practice. Concentrations of plasma LEN (N = 225) and CYP3A biomarkers (cortisol, 6β‐hydroxycortisol, deoxycholic acid, and 1β‐hydroxydeoxycholic acid) in urine (N = 214) from 20 patients (hepatocellular carcinoma, N = 6; thyroid cancer, N = 3; endometrial cancer, N = 8; and renal cell carcinoma, N = 3) collected for consultation for up to 1 year were evaluated using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Moreover, plasma trough LEN concentrations were predicted using a three‐compartment model with linear elimination for outpatients administered LEN before sample collection. Moderate correlations were observed between the quantified actual concentrations and the predicted trough concentrations of LEN, whereas there was no correlation with endogenous urinary CYP3A biomarkers. The utility of endogenous urinary CYP3A biomarkers could not be determined. However, TDM for outpatients administered orally available medicines may be predicted using a nonlinear mixed effect model (NONMEM). This study investigated the utility of endogenous urinary CYP3A biomarkers for personalized medicine and NONMEM for predicting plasma trough drug concentrations. These findings will provide important information for further clinical investigation and detailed TDM.
The call of the green: The role of green spaces in residential relocations across the life course in Germany
Authors: Dovbischuk Tetiana , Kley Stefanie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch on the benefits of green living environments in urban settings has gained attention, but comprehensive comparisons across life course phases remain scarce. Furthermore, the importance of green spaces in the context of residential relocations has been underexplored. This study addresses this research gap by testing hypotheses derived from a general theory of well‐being generation and a three‐stage migration model, using data from a two‐wave population survey with 1856 randomly selected respondents in two major German cities. The results show that private, shared, and neighbourhood green spaces are relevant at the very beginning of relocation decision‐making processes, when individuals form their moving intentions. Private gardens deter families from considering and planning relocation, shared green yards have a similar effect across all subgroups, and satisfaction with the availability of green spaces in the neighbourhood decreases the probability of families and older adults considering and planning relocations. Our study highlights the importance of subjective assessments of neighbourhood green spaces, which have a more pronounced impact on forming relocation intentions compared to objective geocoded data. When estimating relocation behaviour in the second study wave, it appears that neither private nor public green spaces seem to have an influence. Recognizing the relevance of green spaces in residential relocations requires considering the longitudinal nature of the decision‐making process.
Perspectives on benchmarking foundation models for network biology
Authors: Theodoris Christina V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransfer learning has revolutionized fields including natural language understanding and computer vision by leveraging large‐scale general datasets to pretrain models with foundational knowledge that can then be transferred to improve predictions in a vast range of downstream tasks. More recently, there has been a growth in the adoption of transfer learning approaches in biological fields, where models have been pretrained on massive amounts of biological data and employed to make predictions in a broad range of biological applications. However, unlike in natural language where humans are best suited to evaluate models given a clear understanding of the ground truth, biology presents the unique challenge of being in a setting where there are a plethora of unknowns while at the same time needing to abide by real‐world physical constraints. This perspective provides a discussion of some key points we should consider as a field in designing benchmarks for foundation models in network biology.
A Review of Recent Advancements and Perspectives of Nanotechnology in the Application of Biomedical Imaging and Instrumentation
Authors: Walke Santosh , Mandake Manoj , Naniwadekar Makarand 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of imaging, diagnosis, prognosis and early detection of diseases has been greatly impacted by nanotechnology by enhancing already existing clinically applicable technologies. With the help of their capacity to alter nanoparticles for molecular‐level specificity, tissue‐specific diagnosis is made possible gratitude to the unique biophysical features of the nanoparticles that enable contrast augmentation will boost biomedical imaging. The unique prospect of multiplexing is possible by the fact that minute changes in the nanoparticles’ size or composition can have significant effects on their optical, magnetic, or electrical capabilities. This article examines nanotechnology's function in biomedical imaging. In this article, the fundamentals and applications of biomedical imaging, pharmaceutical application of microbial surfactants, intelligent drug delivery systems, and green metallic nanoparticle manufacturing are all examined. The biomedical applications comprising organic (carbon nanotubes, metal oxide and liposomes) and inorganic (metal oxide, metal) nanoparticles, and materials with nanopatterns in diagnostics, biosensing, and bioimaging devices, along with drug delivery systems, are the main topics of discussion. studies conducted in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated that different nanoparticles can be utilized to detect seizures early and precisely along with to treat them successfully. To decrease the possible toxicity and enable improved target specificity, respectively, more development in the synthesis and functionalization of adaptable nanotechnologies is required.
Comparison of cervical length measured by pelvic organ prolapse quantification system and sonography
Authors: Tondro Anamag Farhad , Noshad Iran Laleh , Mousavi Sanaz , Salehi‐Pourmehr Hanieh , Bastani Parvin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPelvic organ prolapse (POP) is associated with cervical elongation (CE). The presence of CE could affect the surgical approach for the patient. Cervical length measurement using the pelvic organ prolapse quantification system (POP‐Q) has poor accuracy in CE detection. We speculated that transvaginal sonography of the cervix could be an alternative method to assess the cervical length properly.AimsWe aimed to compare cervical length based on POP‐Q examination with transvaginal sonography.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study of 99 patients with POP symptoms. POP‐Q staging was performed, and a gynaecologist determined cervical length. Moreover, all women underwent transvaginal sonography, and cervical length was reported. We used the inter‐class correlation coefficient and Bland–Altman plot to assess agreement. We used Spearman or Pearson correlation to determine the relationship between measurements difference and age, body mass index (BMI), total vaginal length, and parity.ResultsOne‐sample t‐test showed a significant difference between cervical length measured by POP‐Q and sonography (mean difference 9.93, 95% CI 8.26–11.93, p value <.001). The inter‐class correlation coefficient was reported as 0.476 (95% CI 0.22–0.65). The Bland–Altman plot illustrated considerable disagreement. There was no statistically significant correlation between measurement discrepancy and age, BMI, total vaginal length, or parity.ConclusionsThere is a significant discrepancy between the POP‐Q system and sonography in cervical length measurement. Given the importance of CE detection in choosing an appropriate surgical approach, it seems reasonable to repeat the measurement using alternative methods like sonography.