bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outstanding Room‐Temperature Thermoelectric Performance of n‐type Mg3Bi2‐Based Compounds Through Synergistically Combined Band Engineering Approaches
Authors: Cho Hyunyong , Back Song Yi , Sato Naoki , Liu Zihang , Gao Weihong , Wang Longquan , Nguyen Hieu Duy , Kawamoto Naoyuki , Mori Takao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThermoelectric cooling materials based on Bi2Te3 have a long history of unsurpassed performance near room temperature. Recently, research into price‐competitive Mg3(Bi, Sb)2‐based materials are focused on replacing traditional cooling materials. Here, the thermoelectric properties of Mg3.2Bi1.998−xSbxTe0.002Cu0.005 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) polycrystalline compounds are investigated. In all temperature regions, electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient are increased with Sb concentration. The electronic transport properties of Sb‐alloyed compounds are maximized by synergistically combined band engineering approaches such as band structure change caused by lattice strain, increased electronic density of states, and chemical potential shift, leading to exceptionally high‐power factor values of over 3.0 mW m−1 K−2 at room temperature. Furthermore, with increasing Sb content, thermal conductivity values are systematically reduced due to the promotion of alloy scattering of phonons and suppression of the bipolar contribution. Consequently, these multiple approaches significantly enhance thermoelectric performance, resulting in an enhancement of thermoelectric figure‐of‐merit zT above 1.1 at 348–423 K. Additionally, a zTavg of 1.1 is recorded at 300–450 K, making it an unrivaled value among the reported n‐type Mg3Bi2‐based thermoelectric materials. Overall, this work demonstrates that Mg3Bi2‐based materials are more promising for thermoelectric cooling applications compared to Bi2Te3‐based materials.
Photodetector Array Based on Perovskite Thin Film Enhanced by Thioacetamide for Imaging and Integrated In‐Sensor Encryption
Authors: He Zhenhui , Liu Zhanwei , Luo Xuehu , Chen Yanting , Ruan Yuhao , Lei Dengyun , Cai Shuting , Li Guijun , Kwok Hoi‐Sing , Zhang Jianfeng , Liu Yuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the growing number of sensor nodes at edge devices, it is critical to guarantee the security of private data transmitted over the Internet of Things (IoT), especially in image and video applications. Traditional software‐based encryption schemes are vulnerable to advanced attacks based on machine learning or quantum computing, leading to the exploration of hardware‐based solutions. This study proposes a novel in‐sensor encryption technique using a perovskite photodetectors (PDs) array to integrate image acquisition and encryption functions within a single hardware platform. The technique exploits the inherent physical disorder and randomness of perovskite PDs to provide an optimal source of entropy for the generation of cryptographic keys. The MAPbI3 perovskite PDs array is fabricated by a convenient method and passivated by thioacetamide (TAA) to improve the performance in photoresponsivity, response time, spectra response, and stability, enabling sensitive imaging and reliable key generation. The improved perovskite PDs array exhibits remarkable optoelectronic properties and stability, highlighting its potential for in‐sensor encryption and the creation of trustworthy hardware security systems for imaging terminals.
Asymmetric [3+3] Cycloaddition of N‐Vinyl Oxindole Nitrones with 2‐Indolylmethanols to Prepare Spirooxindole[1,2]oxazines
Authors: Zou Ning , Wu Yu‐Zheng , Zhong Xin‐Yi , Wei Cui , Liao Li‐Min , Mo Dong‐Liang , Zhou Wen‐Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe describe a chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalyzed asymmetric [3+3] cycloaddition of N‐viny oxindole nitrones with 2‐indolylmethanols to prepare various spirooxindole[1,2]oxazines in 43–93% yields and 88:12–97:3 enantiomeric ratios. Experimental results revealed that the addition of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) played important roles to help CPA control the reaction reactivity and enantioselectivity. The present method features the construction of a tetrasubstituted chiral carbon stereocenter and the example of N‐vinyl nitrones in asymmetric [3+3] cycloaddition.
The immediate metabolomic effects of whole‐genome duplication in the greater duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza
Authors: Wu Tian , Bafort Quinten , Mortier Frederik , Almeida‐Silva Fabricio , Natran Annelore , Van de Peer Yves 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPremiseIn plants, whole‐genome duplication (WGD) is a common mutation with profound evolutionary potential. Given the costs associated with a superfluous genome copy, polyploid establishment is enigmatic. However, in the right environment, immediate phenotypic changes following WGD can facilitate establishment. Metabolite abundances are the direct output of the cell's regulatory network and determine much of the impact of environmental and genetic change on the phenotype. While it is well known that an increase in the bulk amount of genetic material can increase cell size, the impact of gene dosage multiplication on the metabolome remains largely unknown.MethodsWe used untargeted metabolomics on four genetically distinct diploid‐neoautotetraploid pairs of the greater duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza, to investigate how WGD affects metabolite abundances per cell and per biomass.ResultsAutopolyploidy increased metabolite levels per cell, but the response of individual metabolites varied considerably. However, the impact on metabolite level per biomass was restricted because the increased cell size reduced the metabolite concentration per cell. Nevertheless, we detected both quantitative and qualitative effects of WGD on the metabolome. Many effects were strain‐specific, but some were shared by all four strains.ConclusionsThe nature and impact of metabolic changes after WGD depended strongly on the genotype. Dosage effects have the potential to alter the plant metabolome qualitatively and quantitatively, but were largely balanced out by the reduction in metabolite concentration due to an increase in cell size in this species.
Amyloid PET disclosure in subjective cognitive decline: Patient experiences over time
Authors: Hendriksen Heleen M. A. , de Rijke Tanja J. , Fruijtier Agnetha , van de Giessen Elsmarieke , van Harten Argonde C. , van Leeuwenstijn‐Koopman Mardou S. S. A. , van der Schaar Jetske , Trieu Calvin , Visser Denise , Smets Ellen M. A. , Visser Leonie N. C. , van der Flier Wiesje M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe disclosed amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) results in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and studied patient experiences and outcomes over a 6‐month period.METHODSFifty‐seven participants from the Subjective Cognitive Impairment Cohort (SCIENCe) (66 ± 8 years, 21 [37%] F, Mini‐Mental State Examination 29 ± 1, 15 [26%] amyloid positive [A+]) completed questionnaires 1 week prior (T0), 1 day after (T1), and 6 months after amyloid PET disclosure (T2). Questionnaires addressed patient‐reported experiences and outcomes.RESULTSIndependent of amyloid status, participants were satisfied with the consultation (scale 1–10; 7.9 ± 1.7) and information provided (scale 1–4; T1: 3.3 ± 0.9, T2: 3.2 ± 0.8). After 6 months, A+ participants reported more information needs (45% vs. 12%, p = 0.02). Independent of amyloid status, decision regret (scale 1–5; A+: 1.5 ± 0.9, A−: 1.4 ± 0.6, p = 0.53) and negative emotions (negative affect, uncertainty, anxiety) were low (all p > 0.15 and Pinteraction > 0.60).DISCUSSIONParticipants with SCD valued amyloid PET disclosure positively, regardless of amyloid status. The need for information after 6 months, which was stronger in A+ individuals, underscores the importance of follow‐up.Highlights
Participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) positively valued amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) disclosure.
Participants with SCD experienced low levels of decision regret.
We did not observe an increase in negative emotions.
After 6 months, amyloid‐positive individuals wanted more information.
Photothermal Synergistic Effect Induces Bimetallic Cooperation to Modulate Product Selectivity of CO2 Reduction on Different CeO2 Crystal Facets
Authors: Ren Yuqi , Si Yitao , Du Mingyue , You Changjun , Zhang Chunyang , Zhu Yuan‐Hao , Sun Zhenkun , Huang Kai , Liu Maochang , Duan Lunbo , Li Naixu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractProduct selectivity of solar‐driven CO2 reduction and H2O oxidation reactions has been successfully controlled by tuning the spatial distance between Pt/Au bimetallic active sites on different crystal facets of CeO2 catalysts. The replacement depth of Ce atoms by monatomic Pt determines the distance between bimetallic sites, while Au clusters are deposited on the surface. This space configuration creates a favourable microenvironment for the migration of active hydrogen species (*H). The *H is generated via the activation of H2O on monatomic Pt sites and migrate towards Au clusters with a strong capacity for CO2 adsorption. Under concentrated solar irradiation, selectivity of the (100) facet towards CO is 100 %, and the selectivity of the (110) and (111) facets towards CH4 is 33.5 % and 97.6 %, respectively. Notably, the CH4 yield on the (111) facet is as high as 369.4 μmol/g/h, and the solar‐to‐chemical energy efficiency of 0.23 % is 33.8 times higher than that under non‐concentrated solar irradiation. The impacts of high‐density flux photon and thermal effects on carriers and *H migration at the microscale are comprehensively discussed. This study provides a new avenue for tuning the spatial distance between active sites to achieve optimal product selectivity.
High‐Throughput Absorbance‐Activated Droplet Sorting for Engineering Aldehyde Dehydrogenases
Authors: Jain Ankit , Teshima Mariko , Buryska Tomas , Romeis Dennis , Haslbeck Magdalena , Döring Manuel , Sieber Volker , Stavrakis Stavros , de Mello Andrew 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent decades have seen a dramatic increase in the commercial use of biocatalysts, transitioning from energy‐intensive traditional chemistries to more sustainable methods. Current enzyme engineering techniques, such as directed evolution, require the generation and testing of large mutant libraries to identify optimized variants. Unfortunately, conventional screening methods are unable to screen such large libraries in a robust and timely manner. Droplet‐based microfluidic systems have emerged as a powerful high‐throughput tool for library screening at kilohertz rates. Unfortunately, almost all reported systems are based on fluorescence detection, restricting their use to a limited number of enzyme types that naturally convert fluorogenic substrates or require the use of surrogate substrates. To expand the range of enzymes amenable to evolution using droplet‐based microfluidic systems, we present an absorbance‐activated droplet sorter that allows droplet sorting at kilohertz rates without the need for optical monitoring of the microfluidic system. To demonstrate the utility of the sorter, we rapidly screen a 105‐member aldehyde dehydrogenase library towards D‐glyceraldehyde using a NADH mediated coupled assay that generates WST‐1 formazan as the colorimetric product. We successfully identify a variant with a 51 % improvement in catalytic efficiency and a significant increase in overall activity across a broad substrate spectrum.
Influence of monomer structure and catalyst concentration on topological transition and dynamic properties of dicarboxylic acid‐epoxy vitrimers
Authors: Shen Shouqi , Thakur Vijay K. , Skordos Alexandros A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study delineates the dependence of thermophysical behavior of acid‐epoxy vitrimers on their formulation. The stress relaxation due to the bond exchange reaction and the glass transition temperature of acid epoxy vitrimers are investigated, with respect to the influence of catalyst content and acid chain length. This is carried out for a range of dicarboxylic acids and catalyst concentrations formulated and characterized using calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The influence of acid chain length on the bond exchange rate, topological transition, and glass transition temperatures of the vitrimers is found to be significant. The activation energy of the exchange reaction varies over a wide range from 73 to 104 kJ/mol and the topology freezing temperature from 66 to 136°C with the behavior governed by the interplay between crosslinking density, network flexibility and density and distance of functional groups, with an increase of catalyst concentration leading to lower topological transition temperature and the dependence on chain length showing non‐monotonic behavior. The glass transition decreases by about 30°C as the carbon chain length increases from 6 to 14 carbons due to enhanced monomer flexibility and is not affected by the concentration of catalyst.
Exploration of cytotoxicity of iodoquinazoline derivatives as inhibitors of both VEGFR‐2 and EGFRT790M: Molecular docking, ADMET, design, and syntheses
Authors: Alsulaimany Marwa , El‐Hddad Sanadelaslam S. A. , Akrim Zuhir S. M. , Aljohani Ahmed K. B. , Almohaywi Basmah , Alatawi Omar M. , Almadani Sara A. , Alharbi Hussam Y. , Aljohani Majed S. , Miski Samar F. , Alghamdi Read , El‐Adl Khaled 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNovel inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)T790M/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 (VEGFR‐2) were synthesized based on the iodoquinazoline scaffold linked to different heteroaromatic, aromatic, and/or aliphatic moieties. The novel derivatives were in vitro examined for anticancer activities against A549, HCT116, michigan cancer foundation‐7 (MCF‐7), and HepG2 cells. Molecular modeling was applied to discover their orientation of binding with both VEGFR‐2 and EGFR active sites. Compounds 8d, 8c, 6d, and 6c indicated the highest cytotoxicity with IC50 = 6.00, 6.90, 6.12 and 6.24 µM, 7.05, 7.35, 6.80, and 6.80 µM, 5.75, 7.50, 6.90, and 6.95 µM, and 6.55, 7.88, 7.44, and 7.10 µM against the A549, HepG2, HCT116, and MCF‐7 cell lines, correspondingly. The cytotoxicity against normal VERO (normal african green monkey kidney cells) of the extremely active eight compounds 6a–d and 8a–d was evaluated. Our compounds exhibited low toxicity concerning normal VERO cells with IC50 = 45.66–51.83 μM. Furthermore, inhibition assays for both the EGFRT790M and VEGFR‐2 enzymes were done for all compounds. Remarkable inhibition of EGFRT790M activity was achieved with compounds 6d, 8d, 6c, and 8c at IC50 = 0.35, 0.42, 0.48, and 0.50 µM correspondingly. Moreover, remarkable inhibition of VEGFR‐2 activity was achieved with compounds 8d, 8c, 6d, and 6c at IC50 = 0.92, 0.95, 1.00, and 1.20 µM correspondingly. As planned, derivatives 6d, 8d, 6c, and 8c presented exceptional inhibition of both EGFRT790M/VEGFR‐2 activities. Finally, in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) studies were made for the highly active four compounds 6c, 6d, 8c, and 8d in comparison with erlotinib and sorafenib as reference standards.
Features Associated With Different Inflammatory Phenotypes of Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease: A Study Using Data From the International American College of Rheumatology/EULAR Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Classification Criteria Cohort
Authors: Pascart Tristan , Latourte Augustin , Tedeschi Sara K. , Dalbeth Nicola , Neogi Tuhina , Adinolfi Antonella , Arad Uri , Andres Mariano , Becce Fabio , Bardin Thomas , Cipolletta Edoardo , Ea Hang‐Korng , Filippou Georgios , Filippucci Emilio , FitzGerald John , Iagnocco Annamaria , Jansen Tim L. , Janssen Matthijs , Lioté Frédéric , So Alexander , McCarthy Geraldine M. , Ramonda Roberta , Richette Pascal , Rosenthal Ann , Scirè Carlo , Silvagni Ettore , Sirotti Silvia , Sivera Francisca , Stamp Lisa K. , Taylor William J. , Terkeltaub Robert , Choi Hyon K. , Abhishek Abhishek 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe study objective was to examine the disease, demographic, and imaging features associated with different inflammatory phenotypes of calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease, ie, recurrent acute calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal arthritis, chronic CPP crystal inflammatory arthritis, and crowned dens syndrome (CDS).MethodsData from an international cohort (assembled from 25 sites in 7 countries for the development and validation of the 2023 CPPD classification criteria from the American College of Rheumatology/EULAR) that met the criteria were included. Three cross‐sectional studies were conducted to determine the phenotypic characteristics of recurrent acute CPP crystal arthritis, chronic CPP crystal inflammatory arthritis, and CDS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to examine the association between potential risk factors and the inflammatory phenotype.ResultsAmong the 618 people included (56% female; mean age [standard deviation] 74.0 [11.9] years), 602 (97.4%) had experienced acute CPP crystal arthritis, 332 (53.7%) had recurrent acute arthritis, 158 (25.6%) had persistent inflammatory arthritis, and 45 (7.3%) had had CDS. Recurrent acute CPP crystal arthritis associated with longer disease duration (aOR 2.88 [95% CI 2.00–4.14]). Chronic CPP crystal inflammatory arthritis was associated with acute wrist arthritis (aOR 2.92 [95% CI 1.81–4.73]), metacarpophalangeal joint osteoarthritis (aOR 1.87 [95% CI 1.17–2.97]), and scapho‐trapezo‐trapezoid (STT) joint osteoarthritis (aOR 1.83 [95% CI 1.15–2.91]), and it was negatively associated with either metabolic or familial risk for CPPD (aOR 0.60 [95% CI 0.37–0.96]). CDS was associated with male sex (aOR 2.35 [95% CI 1.21–4.59]), STT joint osteoarthritis (aOR 2.71 [95% CI 1.22–6.05]), and more joints affected with chondrocalcinosis (aOR 1.46 [95% CI 1.15–1.85]).ConclusionCPPD disease encompasses acute and chronic inflammatory phenotypes, each with specific clinical and imaging features that need to be considered in the diagnostic workup.
Bisphenol A in Water Systems: Risks to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Biochar‐Based Adsorption Remediation: A Review
Authors: Michenzi Cinzia , Myers Samuel H. , Chiarotto Isabella 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccess to clean and safe water sadly remains an issue in the 21st century. Water reservoirs, whether groundwater or surface water, are routinely contaminated by various harmful Emerging Contaminants (ECs). One of most prevalent pollutants among these pollutants is Bisphenol A, which is classified as an Endocrine Disrupting Compound (EDC). This substance adversely interferes with the endocrine system, primarily by mimicking estrogen, and has been considered a potential contributor to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) with 82.70 % of 1,391 women studied showing a positive correlation between BPA exposure and PCOS. PCOS is currently the most prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear, complicating diagnosis and subsequently patient care. In this review, these topics are thoroughly examined, with particular emphasis on biochar, a new promising method for large‐scale water purification. Biochar, derived from various organic waste materials, has emerged as a cost‐effective substance with remarkable adsorption properties achieving up to 88 % efficiency over four cycles of reuse, similar to that of activated carbon. This review interrogates the suitability of biochar for counteracting the issue of EDC pollutants.
Advances in Evolved T7 RNA Polymerases for Expanding the Frontiers of Enzymatic Nucleic Acid Synthesis
Authors: Shu Liu , Yang Lijuan , Nie Zhou , Lei Chunyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn vitro RNA synthesis technologies are crucial in developing therapeutic RNA drugs, such as mRNA vaccines and RNA interference (RNAi) therapies. Enzymatic RNA synthesis, recognized for its sustainability and efficiency, enables the production of extensive RNA sequences under mild conditions. Among the enzymes utilized, T7 RNA polymerase is distinguished by its exceptional catalytic efficiency, enabling the precise and rapid transcription of RNA from DNA templates by recognizing the specific T7 promoter sequence. With the advancement in clinical applications of RNA‐based drugs, there is an increasing demand for the synthesis of chemically modified RNAs that are stable and resistant to nuclease degradation. To this end, researchers have applied directed evolution to broaden the enzyme's substrate scope, enhancing its compatibility with non‐canonical substrates and reducing the formation of by‐products. This review summarizes the progress in engineering T7 RNA polymerase for these purposes and explores prospective developments in the field.
Atypical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: A lentiform fork sign following transplantation
Authors: Appiani Franco E. , Claverie Carlos S. , Klein Francisco R. 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessagePosterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, typically characterized by parieto‐occipital vasogenic edema, can present atypically, as a bilateral symmetrical vasogenic edema in the basal ganglia, featuring the called “lentiform fork sign.” Prompt recognition of such variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and tailored management, highlighting the complexity of this syndrome's manifestations.AbstractPosterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) manifests as transient neurological symptoms and cerebral edema, commonly associated with immunosuppressive drugs (ISDs) in transplant recipients. ISDs can lead to endothelial dysfunction and compromise the blood–brain barrier. Typically, PRES exhibits identifiable MRI patterns, often demonstrating vasogenic edema in the bilateral parieto‐occipital white matter. Identifying unique presentations, such as the recently observed “lentiform fork sign,” commonly seen in uremic encephalopathy, emphasizes this syndrome's broad spectrum manifestations. A 19‐year‐old male, who underwent bilateral lung and liver transplantation, experienced a bilateral tonic–clonic seizure of unknown onset 47 days post‐surgery. MRI findings revealed an unconventional PRES pattern, featuring the “lentiform fork sign” as bilateral symmetrical vasogenic edema in the basal ganglia, surrounded by a hyperintense rim outlining the lentiform nucleus bilaterally. Subsequent management, including ISD modification and magnesium supplementation, resulted in clinical and neuroimaging resolution. An almost complete clinical and radiological resolution was achieved after 14 days. The occurrence of PRES in transplant recipients highlights the intricate interplay among ISDs, physiological factors, and cerebrovascular dynamics, potentially involving direct neurovascular endothelial toxicity and disruption of the blood–brain barrier. Neuroimaging plays a pivotal role in diagnosis. The distinctive “lentiform fork sign” was observed in this patient despite the absence of typical metabolic disturbances. Management strategies usually involve reducing hypertension, discontinuing ISDs, correcting electrolyte imbalances, and initiating antiseizure drugs if necessary. Identifying the presence of the “lentiform fork sign” alongside typical PRES edema in a patient lacking renal failure emphasizes that this manifestation is not solely indicative of uremic encephalopathy. Instead, it might represent the final common pathway resulting from alterations in the blood–brain barrier integrity within the deep white matter. Understanding such atypical imaging manifestations could significantly aid earlier and more precise diagnosis, influencing appropriate management decisions.
An unusual presentation of orbital encephalocele following a self‐inflicted gunshot wound injury: A case report and literature review
Authors: Levine Marc , Noel Olivier F. , Patel Shivam , Park Haejoe , Weller Christopher L. , Lighthall Jessyka G. 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageWhile orbital encephaloceles secondary to orbital roof fractures, in the setting of gunshot wound injuries, are rare, it is important to discuss diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. This comprehensive manuscript aims to accomplish these objectives.