bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel bocavirus in canine liver
Authors: Li Linlin , Pesavento Patricia A , Leutenegger Christian M , Estrada Marko , Coffey Lark L , Naccache Samia N , Samayoa Erik , Chiu Charles , Qiu Jianming , Wang Chunlin , Deng Xutao , Delwart Eric 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Bocaviruses are classified as a genus within the Parvoviridae family of single-stranded DNA viruses and are pathogenic in some mammalian species. Two species have been previously reported in dogs, minute virus of canines (MVC), associated with neonatal diseases and fertility disorders; and Canine bocavirus (CBoV), associated with respiratory disease.

Findings
In this study using deep sequencing of enriched viral particles from the liver of a dog with severe hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, necrotizing vasculitis, granulomatous lymphadenitis and anuric renal failure, we identified and characterized a novel bocavirus we named Canine bocavirus 3 (CnBoV3). The three major ORFs of CnBoV3 (NS1, NP1 and VP1) shared less than 60% aa identity with those of other bocaviruses qualifying it as a novel species based on ICTV criteria. Inverse PCR showed the presence of concatemerized or circular forms of the genome in liver.

Conclusions
We genetically characterized a bocavirus in a dog liver that is highly distinct from prior canine bocaviruses found in respiratory and fecal samples. Its role in this animal’s complex disease remains to be determined.
Systematic review of central nervous system anomalies in incontinentia pigmenti
Authors: Minić Snežana , Trpinac Dušan , Obradović Miljana 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The objective of this study was to present a systematic review of the central nervous system (CNS) types of anomalies and to consider the possibility to include CNS anomalies in Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) criteria. The analyzed literature data from 1,393 IP cases were from the period 1993–2012. CNS anomalies were diagnosed for 30.44% of the investigated IP patients. The total number of CNS types of anomalies per patient was 1.62. In the present study there was no significantly higher number of anomalies per patient in females than males. The most frequent CNS types of anomalies were seizures, motor impairment, mental retardation, and microcephaly. The most frequently registered CNS lesions found using brain imaging methods were brain infarcts or necrosis, brain atrophies, and corpus callosum lesions. IKBKG exon 4–10 deletion was present in 86.00% of genetically confirmed IP patients. The frequency of CNS anomalies, similar to the frequency of retinal anomalies in IP patients, concurrent with their severity, supports their recognition in the list of IP minor criteria.
Joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis: assessment of a new scoring method
Authors: Pfeil Alexander , Oelzner Peter , Bornholdt Klaus , Hansch Andreas , Lehmann Gabriele , Renz Diane M , Wolf Gunter , Böttcher Joachim 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this study was to assess a novel approach for the quantification of finger joint space narrowing and joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) focusing on the peripheral hand articulations.

Methods
A total of 280 patients with verified RA underwent computerized semi-automated measurements of joint space distance at the finger articulations based on radiographs. The Z-Score, which can differentiate between joint space alterations caused by RA versus age/gender-related changes, was calculated as a comparative parameter. The severity of joint space narrowing was also quantified by the Sharp Score. Sensitivity and specificity of the Z-Score (based on joint space widths differentiated for each peripheral finger joint) were evaluated to reveal the potential for the occurrence of erosions. Additionally, the potential of the Z-Score regarding the differentiation of therapeutic effects on joint space widths in patients under a therapy of methotrexate versus leflunomide was performed.

Results
The Z-Scores of finger articulations in patients with RA were generally decreased. Metacarpal-phalangeal (MCP) joint articulations showed a continuous significant decline of -1.65 ± 0.30 standard deviations dependent on the Sharp Score. The proximal-interphalangeal joints also revealed a significant reduction of the Z-Score (-0.96 ± 0.31 standard deviations). The sensitivity and specificity of MCP joint space distance for the detection of erosions were 85.4% versus 55.2%. The Sharp Score for joint space narrowing was not able to detect different treatments, whereas an accentuated stabilization of joint space narrowing could be identified for the Z-Score of the MCP joints in patients treated with leflunomide and methotrexate.

Conclusion
The Z-Scoring method based on computer-aided analysis of joint space widths was able to reliably quantify severity-dependent joint space narrowing in RA patients. In the future, calculation of a Z-Score based on gender-specific and age-specific reference data shows the potential for a surrogate marker of RA progression that comprehends the early identification of patients with RA, and in particular those with erosive course of the disease, enabling a timely therapeutic strategy for cartilage protection.
Increased aggression during pregnancy comes at a higher metabolic cost
Authors: Seebacher F. , Ward A. J. W. , Wilson R. S. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARY
Aggressive behaviour is linked to fitness, but it is metabolically costly. Changes in metabolic demand during the reproductive cycle could constrain activity and thereby modulate behavioural phenotypes. We predicted that increased metabolic demands in late pregnancy would lead to reduced aggression and a lower metabolic cost of behaviour in the mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki. Contrary to our prediction, females became more aggressive in late pregnancy, but metabolic scope (i.e. the metabolic energy available for activity and behaviour) decreased. Consequently, late-stage pregnant females spent significantly more of their available metabolic scope on aggressive behaviour. Hence, as pregnancy progressed, females showed increasingly risky behaviour by depleting metabolic resources available for activities other than fighting. We argue that the metabolic cost of behaviour, and possibly personality, is best expressed with reference to metabolic scope, rather than resting metabolic rates or concentrations of metabolites. This dependence on metabolic scope could render reproductive success sensitive to environmental changes.
Multiplex Picoliter-Droplet Digital PCR for Quantitative Assessment of DNA Integrity in Clinical Samples
Authors: Didelot Audrey , Kotsopoulos Steve K , Lupo Audrey , Pekin Deniz , Li Xinyu , Atochin Ivan , Srinivasan Preethi , Zhong Qun , Olson Jeff , Link Darren R , Laurent-Puig Pierre , Blons Hélène , Hutchison J Brian , Taly Valerie 
Published: February 2013

BACKGROUND
Assessment of DNA integrity and quantity remains a bottleneck for high-throughput molecular genotyping technologies, including next-generation sequencing. In particular, DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues, a major potential source of tumor DNA, varies widely in quality, leading to unpredictable sequencing data. We describe a picoliter droplet–based digital PCR method that enables simultaneous detection of DNA integrity and the quantity of amplifiable DNA.

METHODS
Using a multiplex assay, we detected 4 different target lengths (78, 159, 197, and 550 bp). Assays were validated with human genomic DNA fragmented to sizes of 170 bp to 3000 bp. The technique was validated with DNA quantities as low as 1 ng. We evaluated 12 DNA samples extracted from paraffin-embedded lung adenocarcinoma tissues.

RESULTS
One sample contained no amplifiable DNA. The fractions of amplifiable DNA for the 11 other samples were between 0.05% and 10.1% for 78-bp fragments and ≤1% for longer fragments. Four samples were chosen for enrichment and next-generation sequencing. The quality of the sequencing data was in agreement with the results of the DNA-integrity test. Specifically, DNA with low integrity yielded sequencing results with lower levels of coverage and uniformity and had higher levels of false-positive variants.

CONCLUSIONS
The development of DNA-quality assays will enable researchers to downselect samples or process more DNA to achieve reliable genome sequencing with the highest possible efficiency of cost and effort, as well as minimize the waste of precious samples.
Symplectic curvature flow
Authors: Streets Jeffrey , Tian Gang 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
We introduce a parabolic flow of almost Kähler structures,
providing an approach to constructing canonical geometric structures on
symplectic manifolds. We exhibit this flow as one of a family of parabolic flows of almost Hermitian structures, generalizing our
previous work on parabolic flows of Hermitian metrics. We exhibit a long time
existence obstruction for solutions to this flow by showing certain smoothing
estimates for the curvature and torsion. We end with a discussion
of the limiting objects as well as some open problems related to the symplectic
curvature flow.
On inverse scattering at fixed energy for the multidimensional Newton equation in a non-compactly supported field
Authors: Jollivet Alexandre 
Published: February 2013

Abstract.
We consider the inverse scattering problem at fixed and sufficiently large energy for the nonrelativistic and relativistic Newton equation in ℝ
n
, , with a smooth and short-range electromagnetic field (V,B). Proceeding from different known results we obtain, in particular, that the scattering map at a fixed and sufficiently large energy uniquely determines (V,B) when B is assumed to be zero in a neighborhood of infinity and V is assumed to be spherically symmetric in a neighborhood of infinity.
Exercise Training and Quality of Life in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Myers Valerie H. , McVay Megan A. , Brashear Meghan M. , Johannsen Neil M. , Swift Damon L. , Kramer Kimberly , Harris Melissa Nauta , Johnson William D. , Earnest Conrad P. , Church Timothy S. 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE
To establish whether exercise improves quality of life (QOL) in individuals with type 2 diabetes and which exercise modalities are involved.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Health Benefits of Aerobic and Resistance Training in individuals with type 2 Diabetes (HART-D; n = 262) was a 9-month exercise study comparing the effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or a combination of resistance and aerobic training versus a nonexercise control group on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in sedentary individuals with type 2 diabetes. This study is an ancillary analysis that examined changes in QOL after exercise training using the Short Form-36 Health Survey questionnaire compared across treatment groups and with U.S. national norms.

RESULTS
The ancillary sample (n = 173) had high baseline QOL compared with U.S. national norms. The QOL physical component subscale (PCS) and the general health (GH) subscale were improved by all three exercise training conditions compared with the control group condition (resistance: PCS, P = 0.005; GH, P = 0.003; aerobic: PCS, P = 0.001; GH, P = 0.024; combined: PCS, P = 0.015; GH, P = 0.024). The resistance training group had the most beneficial changes in bodily pain (P = 0.026), whereas physical functioning was most improved in the aerobic and combined condition groups (P = 0.025 and P = 0.03, respectively). The changes in the mental component score did not differ between the control group and any of the exercise groups (all P &gt; 0.05). The combined training condition group had greater gains than the aerobic training condition group in the mental component score (P = 0.004), vitality (P = 0.031), and mental health (P = 0.008) and greater gains in vitality compared with the control group (P = 0.021).

CONCLUSIONS
Exercise improves QOL in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Combined aerobic/resistance exercise produces greater benefit in some QOL domains.
Effects of Axonal Ion Channel Dysfunction on Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kwai Natalie C.G. , Arnold Ria , Wickremaarachchi Chathupa , Lin Cindy S.-Y. , Poynten Ann M. , Kiernan Matthew C. , Krishnan Arun V. 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE
Pharmacological agents for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DN) target a number of mechanisms, including sodium channel function and γ-aminobutyric acid–minergic processes. At present, prescription is undertaken on a trial-and-error basis, leading to prolonged medication trials and greater healthcare costs. Nerve-excitability techniques are a novel method of assessing axonal ion channel function in the clinical setting. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of axonal ion channel dysfunction on neuropathy-specific quality-of-life (QoL) measures in DN.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Fifty-four patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus underwent comprehensive neurologic assessment, nerve-conduction studies, and nerve-excitability assessment. Neuropathy severity was assessed using the Total Neuropathy Score. Neuropathy-specific QoL was assessed using a DN-specific QoL questionnaire (Neuropathy-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire [NeuroQoL]). Glycosylated hemoglobin and BMI were recorded in all patients.

RESULTS
NeuroQoL scores indicated significant QoL impairment (mean 9.08 ± 5.93). Strength-duration time constant (SDTC), an excitability parameter reflecting sodium channel function, was strongly correlated with QoL scores (r = 0.545; P &lt; 0.005). SDTC was prolonged in 48.6% of patients who experienced neuropathic symptoms. A significant correlation was also noted between SDTC and neuropathy severity (r = 0.29; P &lt; 0.05). This relationship was strengthened when looking specifically at patients with clinically graded neuropathy (r = 0.366; P &lt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
The current study has demonstrated an association between markers of sodium channel function and QoL in DN. The study demonstrates that excitability techniques may identify patients in whom altered sodium channel function may be the dominant abnormality. The findings suggest that excitability techniques may have a role in clinical decision making regarding neuropathic treatment prescription.
A Robust Preconditioned MinRes Solver
for Time-periodic Eddy Current Problems
Authors: Kolmbauer Michael , Langer Ulrich 
Published: February 2013

Abstract.
This work is devoted to fast and parameter-robust iterative solvers for
frequency domain finite element equations, approximating the time-periodic eddy current
problem with multiharmonic or time-periodic excitations in time. We construct a
preconditioned MinRes solver for the frequency domain equations, that is robust with
respect to the discretization parameters as well as all involved “bad” parameters like
the conductivity, the reluctivity and possible regularization parameters.
Generation of Molecular Shape Diverstiy. From Privileged Scaffolds to Diverted Total Synthesis
Authors: Dai Wei-Min 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMolecular shape is a presentation of a molecule’s three-dimensional structure and its volume of space and surface electrostatic potential map collectively define the function, e. g. as a modulator or probe to biological targets. Molecular shape diversity for compound libraries with multiple scaffolds (rich skeletal diversity) is recognized as a prerequisite for discovering broad bioactivity. Established strategies and methodologies for diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) are useful for generating molecular shape diversity by synthesizing natural product-like compounds. On the other hand, diverted total synthesis (DTS) offers natural products and analogues with a higher degree of structural diversity and complexity. Examples of DOS of privileged heterocycles and DTS of amphidinolide T marine macrolides from the author’s laboratories are illustrated.
Provenance analysis of the Permo-Carboniferous fluvial sandstones of the southern part of the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing Area (Czech Republic, Austria): implications for paleogeographical reconstructions of the post-Variscan collapse basins
Authors: Nehyba Slavomír , Roetzel Reinhard , Maštera Lubomír 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The provenance analyses of Permo-Carboniferous fluvial sandstones of the southern part of the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing area are based on a wide spectrum of analytical techniques (petrography, heavy mineral assemblages, chemistry of garnet, rutile and spinel, zircon study, major and trace elements). The studied sandstones are poorly sorted and reveal a relatively immature composition implying short distance transport, rapid deposition, a high-relief source area, mainly physical weathering and the minor role of chemical weathering. Different source areas for the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing area were proved. The Zöbing material was predominantly derived from crystalline units, mainly formed by metamorphic complexes, although the portions of magmatic and volcanic material were significant. The source area is supposed to be located in the Moldanubian Unit. The Boskovice Basin deposits, on the other hand, seem to be mainly derived from metamorphic complexes, corresponding especially to the Moravian Unit, with a relatively wider spectrum of metamorphites, together with the derivation of the detritus from pre-existing sedimentary rocks (especially from Moravo- Silesian Paleozoic deposits/Drahany Culm unit). The transport direction in the basin was more complex, both from the west and east. These results did not confirm the possibility of communication between the Boskovice Basin and the Zöbing area during the Late Paleozoic. The existence of “colinear” marginally offset half grabens with predominant transversal sources is here hypothesized. The general heavy mineral evolution in time does not indicate the successive exhumation of a simple structured orogen but may be interpreted as differences in the extent of the source areas.
Tectonic control on the sedimentary record of the central Moldavidian Basin (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Authors: Francesco Guerrera , Manuel Martín Martín , José A. Martín-Pérez , Iván Martín-Rojas , Crina Miclăuş , Francisco Serrano 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe sedimentary record of the Tarcău and Vrancea Nappes, belonging to the flysch accretionary zone of the Eastern Carpathians (Eastern Carpathian Outer Flysch), registered Cretaceous-Miocene events during the evolution of the Moldavidian Basin. Our biostratigraphic data indicate that the deposits studied are younger than previously reported. The comparison of sedimentary record studied with the Late Cretaceous-Early Miocene global eustatic curve indicates that eustatic factor played a secondary role, after the tectonic one. Four main stages of different processes influenced by tectonics are recognized in the sedimentary record: (1) Campanian-Maastrichtian-earliest Paleocene; (2) latest Ypresian-Lutetian; (3) late Chattian-earliest Aquitanian, and (4) late Aquitanian-early Burdigalian. The late Chattian- earliest Aquitanian and late Aquitanian-early Burdigalian records indicate a high tectonic influence. The first event was related to the foredeep stage of the sedimentary domain studied, and the second one to the deformation stage of the same domain. The sedimentary records of tectonic influence recognized during these stages are useful tools for geodynamic reconstructions. The stratigraphic correlation of Tarcău and Vrancea sedimentary records are used
The macro- and microelemental content of Pinus sylvestris L. and Pinus nigra J.F. Am. needles in Cladonio-Pinetum habitat of the Słowiński National Park
Authors: Parzych Agnieszka , Sobisz Zbigniew 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The study of pine needles was carried out in 2005 within the confines of the Słowiński National Park (SNP). In soil from Cladonio-Pinetum habitat, most macro- and microelements accumulate in the organic sub-horizons (Ol and Ofh), however the nutrient content of the mineral horizons was very low. Needles of Pinus sylvestris (Ps) were characterized by higher content ofN, P, K, Ca, and Fe in comparison to needles of Pinus nigra (Pn); whereas needles of Pn were higher in content of Mg, Zn, Cu and Mn than those of Ps. Two-year-old needles contained on average more Ca, Mn, Cu, Fe then one-year-old needles for both species. A Mann Whitney test confirmed statistically-significant differences in the dynamics of P, K, Mg, Zn and Mn concentrations both in 1-year-old and 2-year-old needles examined in Cladonio-Pinetum. The greatest differences between research forests stands of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra were in the sum contents of elements accumulated in the needles. In the needles of Pinus nigra there was notably higher accumulation of P, K, Ca, Mg and Mn than in the needles of Pinus sylvestris.
Psychological Stress – Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Feodorova Yana N. , Sarafian Victoria S. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Pathophysiological regulation of the stress response involves a number of complex interactions
at the organismal, cellular and molecular levels.

A salient feature of the stress response is the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal
axis. Molecular studies of this phenomenon have found a number of genes which
are differentially expressed in stressed individuals and control subjects. The transcription
factor NF-κB controls many of these genes, which is evidence of the key role it plays in the
cellular stress response. Stress upregulates a number of genes such as the transcription factor
genes that control cell growth, chromatin structure, cell cycle activation and enzymes
involved in the biosynthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. The genes that are down-regulated
in stress are cell cycle inhibitors, apoptosis related genes, antiproliferative cytokines
and Apo J, the NF-κB inhibitor.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder which develops as a reaction
to an extreme traumatic event but only in a small proportion of the population. It is still
unknown what molecular mechanisms trigger its progression. Both genetic and epigenetic
factors play a role in this condition. Although the environmental component is necessary
for developing PTSD, it has been suggested that 30% of the variance in PTSD symptoms
could be attributed to genetic influences. Utilizing genome wide association studies, it
would be possible to identify new genes involved in PTSD development and elucidate the
molecular pathways which are dysregulated. This will facilitate the identification of novel
biomarkers that may help in PTSD diagnosis and treatment.