bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROVEAN web server: a tool to predict the functional effect of amino acid substitutions and indels
Authors: Choi Yongwook , Chan Agnes P. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Summary: We present a web server to predict the functional effect of single or multiple amino acid substitutions, insertions and deletions using the prediction tool PROVEAN. The server provides rapid analysis of protein variants from any organisms, and also supports high-throughput analysis for human and mouse variants at both the genomic and protein levels.
Availability and implementation: The web server is freely available and open to all users with no login requirements at http://provean.jcvi.org.
Contact: achan@jcvi.org
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Early Career Experience of Pediatric Orthopaedic Fellows: What to Expect and Need for Their Services
Authors: Glotzbecker Michael P. , Shore Benjamin J. , Fletcher Nicholas D. , Larson A. Noelle , Hydorn Christopher R. , Sawyer Jeffery R. 
Published: April 2015

Introduction:
A dramatic increase in the number of pediatric orthopaedic fellows being trained has led to concerns that there may be an oversupply of pediatric orthopaedists. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this perception is accurate and whether the practice expectations of recent pediatric fellowship graduates are being met by surveying recent pediatric fellowship graduates about their early practice experiences.

Methods:
A 36-question survey approved by the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) leadership was electronically distributed to 120 recent graduates of pediatric orthopaedic fellowships; 81 responses were ultimately obtained (67.5% response rate).

Results:
Almost all (91%) of the respondents were very or extremely satisfied with their fellowship experience. Half of the respondents had at least 1 job offer before they entered their fellowships. After completion of fellowships, 35% received 1 job offer and 62.5% received ≥2 job offers; only 2.5% did not receive a job offer. Most reported a practice consisting almost entirely of pediatric orthopaedics, and 93.5% thought this was in line with their expectations; 87% indicated satisfaction with their current volume of pediatric orthopaedics, and 85% with the complexity of their pediatric orthopaedic cases. Despite the high employment percentages and satisfaction with practice profiles, nearly a third (28%) of respondents replied that too many pediatric orthopaedists are being trained.

Conclusions:
Positive messages from this survey include the satisfaction of graduates with their fellowship training, the high percentage of graduates who readily found employment, and the satisfaction of graduates with their current practice environments; this indicates that the pediatric orthopaedic job environment is not completely saturated and there are continued opportunities for graduating pediatric fellows despite the increased number of fellows being trained. Although not determined by this study, it may be that the stable demand for pediatric orthopaedic services is being driven by the expansion of the scope of practice as well as subspecialization within the practice of pediatric orthopaedics.
Disproportionate Participation of Males and Females in Academic Pediatric Orthopaedics: An Analysis of Abstract Authorship at POSNA 2009-2013
Authors: Sharkey Melinda S. , Feinn Richard S. , Tate Victoria V. , Carter Cordelia W. , Cassese Todd T. 
Published: April 2015

Background:
Despite increasing numbers of female orthopaedic surgeons, we hypothesized that women were not actively participating at national and international meetings in numbers proportional to their membership.

Methods:
A retrospective review of the 2009-2013 POSNA Annual Meeting Final Programs was performed. The following information was recorded for all members: name, sex, membership level, years of membership, and if the individual was an author on at least 1 abstract. To compare proportion of abstract authorship between sexes across years, while controlling for years of membership, general estimating equations with a binomial model and logit link were used. The study population was limited to candidate and active POSNA members only, as this group represents the most active practicing pediatric orthopaedic surgeons.

Results:
Over the 5-year period studied, females comprised 16.6% (204/1227) of the total POSNA membership and 20.9% (184/880) of members at candidate and active status. The percentage of females with candidate or active member status in POSNA who had at least 1 abstract presentation during the 5 years was 37% and this was significantly lower (P=0.003) than the percentage of men (49%) who presented at least 1 abstract. Analysis across the 5 years showed a consistent difference between the sexes with no trend of convergence in abstract rates (P=0.65). Controlling for years membership, female members still presented abstracts at lower rates than their male colleagues (P=0.002).

Conclusions:
Female members of POSNA, in the most active part of their careers, participated at significantly lower rates than their male peers as accepted abstract authors for the 2009-2013 POSNA meetings than would be expected for their proportional size of total membership.
Accountability: Challenges to Getting It Right
Authors: Duthie Elizabeth Ann 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Patient safety experts debated accountability in health care at the 2014 annual National Patient Safety Foundation Congress. The debate reflected the struggles organizations are facing with ensuring a responsible workforce committed to patient safety versus the need to redesign flawed systems that are error prone. The question, “is it the systems or the individual?” was at issue. This article proposes that it is the wrong question, and the failure to apply patient safety science in clinical practice is contributing to the ambiguity fueling the debate. To transform accountability from a source of confusion to a powerful tool for fulfilling health care's fiduciary responsibility to protect patients from harm, we need to reframe our approach. This article presents the science and strategies to create clarity that will redirect the dialogue from a debate in which accountability resides to one about learning for improvement when adverse events occur.
Adaptive evolution of anti-viral siRNAi genes in bumblebees
Authors: Helbing Sophie , Lattorff H. Michael G. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe high density of frequently interacting and closely related individuals in social insects enhance pathogen transmission and establishment within colonies. Group-mediated behavior supporting immune defenses tend to decrease selection acting on immune genes. Along with low effective population sizes this will result in relaxed constraint and rapid evolution of genes of the immune system. Here we show that sociality is the main driver of selection in antiviral siRNAi genes in social bumblebees compared to their socially parasitic cuckoo bumblebees that lack a worker caste. RNAi genes show frequent positive selection at the codon level additionally supported by the occurrence of parallel evolution and their evolutionary rate is linked to their pathway specific position with genes directly interacting with viruses showing the highest rates of molecular evolution. We suggest that indeed higher pathogen load in social insects drive adaptive evolution of immune genes, if not compensated by behavior.
Distribution of the gender wage gap with endogenous human capital: evidence for Spain
Authors: Navarro-Gómez Lucía , Rueda-Narvaez Mario F. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence on gender wage discrimination and how it is distributed among women in the Spanish labour market, where female participation has been rising for decades. The empirical approach aims to assess to which extent discrimination is evenly distributed or not among women, and how different subgroups of workers are affected by it.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using data from the Spanish section of the European Community Household Panel (1994-2001) the authors estimate earnings equations for men and women using the instrumental variable (IV) method proposed by Hausman and Taylor (1981). This aims to avoid biases resulting from endogeneity of regressors. Building on these results, the authors follow the proposal of Jenkins (1994) and estimate a bivariate wage distribution for women, containing individual expected earnings with and without discrimination.

Findings
– The results show that discrimination is distributed unevenly across female workers and that the degree to which women are discriminated against grows as they move upward in the wage distribution. Also, when wage determinants are allowed to be endogenous, the results experience drastic changes, both in average and distributional terms.

Research limitations/implications
– The results point to a “glass ceiling” operating on female earnings and also show that endogeneity of human capital should be taken into account when analysing discrimination. Therefore, more empirical evidence in this line would be welcome.

Originality/value
– By using IV estimation of wages, the authors control for the existence of endogeneity in earnings equations. Also, the authors provide unexplained wage differentials for particular groups of female wage earners, specially according to education, experience and job tenure.
Developing enterprise skills through peer-assessed pitch presentations
Authors: Faherty Anna 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of using summative peer assessment to develop enterprise skills within higher education.

Design/methodology/approach
– An empirical investigation analysing students own perceptions of the peer assessment process to evaluate its impact.

Findings
– Participating students indicate that peer assessment aided the achievement of an enterprise learning outcome relating to persuading and influencing. They also report developing skills that will be useful for the workplace, and identify additional learning benefits. Qualitative feedback suggests some discomfort with the inherent non-traditional instructor-learner relationship.

Research limitations/implications
– Acknowledging the limitations of using students’ own perceptions, the narrow focus on one course and the singular experience of summative peer assessment this investigation highlights the need for additional research into the impact of pedagogies where “teachers” deliver more of a facilitation role.

Practical implications
– The study reinforces the need for educators to invest time and effort in explaining the processes and issues involved with peer assessment. It highlights the contribution that creative industries’ educators might be able to make to the wider development of enterprise skills across higher education disciplines.

Originality/value
– The study contributes to two important but under-explored areas of educational research: the development of enterprise skills outside the business school and the use of peer assessment within enterprise education. It provides a case study for non-traditional assessment and identifies a key challenge associated with the emergent pedagogical approach of heutagogy.
Child schooling in India: the role of gender
Authors: Mohanty Itismita , RAMMOHAN ANU 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to analyse factors that influence child schooling outcomes in India, specifically the role of gender.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper uses data from the nationally representative Indian National Family Health Surveys 1995-1996 and 2005-2006 and estimates Heckman sample selection, cluster fixed-effects and household fixed-effects econometric models. The dependent variables are the child’s enrolment status and conditional on enrolment child’s years of schooling.

Findings
– This analysis finds statistically significant evidence of male advantage both in schooling enrolment as well as years of schooling. However, using a cluster fixed-effects model, our analysis finds that within a village, conditional on being enrolled, girls spend more years in school relative to boys. Other results show that parental schooling has a positive and statistically significant impact on child schooling. There is statistically significant wealth effect, community effect and regional disparities between states in India.

Originality/value
– The large sample size and the range of questions available in this data set, allows us to explore the influence of individual, household and village level social, economic and cultural factors on child schooling. The role of gender on child schooling within a village, intrahousehold resource allocation for schooling and regional gender differences in schooling are important issues in India, where education outcomes remain poor for large segments of the population.
Multiple model adaptive control using second level adaptation for a delta-wing aircraft
Authors: Ahmadian Narjes , Khosravi Alireza , Sarhadi Pouria 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to design a stable controller such that the control input is applied to the delta-wing aircraft in order to adjust the roll dynamics. The controller must provide a desired tracking performance with minimum tracking error.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper, the second level adaptation (SLA) strategy is applied to control a delta-wing aircraft using multiple models. The implemented control structure is compared with the first level adaptation (FLA) and model reference adaptive control (MRAC) techniques.

Findings
– SLA architecture not only copes with a wide uncertainty domain caused by aerodynamic effects, but also its rapid and accurate convergence is one of its most important features. Furthermore, this strategy makes a smoother control signal with respect to FLA and MRAC even at the same initial times. It should be also noted that SLA using three models, copes with uncertainty that may occur to the aircraft at high Angle Of Attacks (AOAs) at the entire flight envelope.

Originality/value
– In this paper for the first time the application of this strategy is used to identify and control a delta-wing aircraft. Furthermore a systematic block diagram approach is proposed for the design.
Factors influencing the use of social media by SMEs and its performance outcomes
Authors: Ainin Sulaiman , Parveen Farzana , Moghavvemi Sedigheh , Jaafar Noor Ismawati , Mohd Shuib Nor Liyana 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that influence Facebook usage among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In addition, it examines the impact of Facebook usage on financial and non-financial performance of the SMEs.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using integrated model, this study examined the influence of compatibility, cost effectiveness, interactivity and trust on Facebook usage and its subsequent impact on organizations performance. Statistical analyses were based on the data collected, through survey questionnaire from 259 SMEs in Malaysia. Partial Least Square (PLS) method was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings
– The study revealed that Facebook usage has a strong positive impact on financial performance of SMEs; similarly it was also found that Facebook usage positively impacts the non-financial performance of SMEs in terms of cost reduction on marketing and customer service, improved customer relations and improved information accessibility. Additionally, factors such as compatibility, cost effectiveness and interactivity was identified as factors that influence Facebook usage among SMEs.

Research limitations/implications
– This study is limited in selection of samples. The sample only covered one community of SME in Malaysia which limits generalizability of the findings. This study provided a clearer idea on the real importance of Facebook and its benefits. The results would motivate and guide organizations in the adoption of Facebook for business activities. The study also has various theoretical and practical contributions.

Originality/value
– Very few empirical studies investigated the actual impact of Facebook usage among organizations. This study investigated the effect of Facebook usage on the financial performance of the organizations which is really important to study as it reveals the exact value of using Facebook for business activities.
Identifying the drivers of enterprise resource planning and assessing its impacts on supply chain performances
Authors: Hwang David , Min Hokey 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is intended to integrate all facets of a company’s business operations encompassing production planning, material purchasing, inventory control, logistics, accounting, finance, marketing, and human resource management by creating a single depository of the database that can be shared by the entire organization and its trading partners. Through an empirical study, the purpose of this paper is to identify a multitude of drivers that facilitate or hinder the implementation of ERP in business environments. Also, this paper determines its role in supply chain operations and assesses its impact on supply chain performances.

Design/methodology/approach
– To examine which factors drive the ERP adoption and gauge the level of the ERP success, the authors develop a research framework based on two well-known theories in the strategy literature: a contingency theory; and a resource-based view of the firm. This research framework allowed us to develop a series of hypotheses regarding the use of ERP for strategic sourcing. To test hypotheses, the authors carried out the study in three phases: a pre-pilot; a pilot; and a large-scale questionnaire survey. In the pre-pilot phase, the authors generated potential survey items through theory development and a literature review. In the pilot phase, the authors develop a structural equation model along with the identification of valid constructs based on structural interviews and the Q-sort method. At the last stage, the authors conducted a large-scale survey via mail questionnaires primarily targeting the Korean industry comprised of manufacturers and their suppliers and customers.

Findings
– The firm’s ERP adoption and implementation decision is mainly affected by its internal environment. Defying the conventional wisdom, the firm’s external environment has little influence on its decision to adopt and implement ERP. However, through the mediating role of an internal environment, an external environment still indirectly influences the ERP adoption and ERP implementation decision. Also, the authors found that ERP could enhance the ERP adopter’s organizational capability and supplier capability.

Originality/value
– This study is one of a few attempts to investigate the role of ERP in the supply chain and identify important determinants influencing the ERP adoption and implementation decisions. Especially, in contrast with the previous literature which often gauged the benefits of ERP from an ERP adopter’s standpoint, this paper is one of the few to assess the benefits of ERP from the ERP adopter’s supply chain partners standpoints. Also, it is one of the first to assess the impact of ERP on supplier capability, organizational capability, and customer value.
The global financial crisis and Islamic finance: a review of selected literature
Authors: DIAW Abdou 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to critically analyze the opinions of Islamic economists about the global financial crisis to examine: their views on the causes of the crisis, the juristic and economic assessment they make of these causes and the lessons learned and the way forward.Design/methodology/approach– The paper critically reviews selected writings of prominent Islamic economics on the recent financial crisis.Findings– Most of the authors reviewed acknowledged the technical mistakes put forth by many conventional analysts as causes of the crisis. However, they have showed that the adoption of the principles of Islamic finance would have prevented most of those mistakes. The way forward, therefore, for both Islamic and conventional finance is, inter alia, greater reliance on risk sharing to inject more discipline in the system; the establishment of a strong and comprehensive regulatory body to safeguard the resilience of the system; and the integration of Zakat, Awqaf and other voluntary institutions into the financial system to cater for the financial needs of the poor.Practical implications– The importance of integrating the voluntary institutions into the financial system is to make it more inclusive and more equitable.Originality/value– This paper is the most comprehensive literature review on Islamic finance and the global financial crisis.
Working in the UAE: expatriate management experiences
Authors: AlMazrouei Hanan , Pech Richard J. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to examine issues of skills and cultural awareness amongst expatriate managers working in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study explores expatriate management and leadership experiences within a predominantly Islamic context and the adjustments that have had to be made by the new arrivals before they could effectively undertake their senior functions within their organisations. Rapid economic growth and recent prosperity in the UAE has resulted in the recruitment and placement of large numbers of expatriate managers.Design/methodology/approach– Interviews were utilised to explore the experiences of expatriate managers in the UAE. These experiences have been interpreted to provide lessons and advice for new arrivals to the UAE, particularly those who are about to be placed into senior management positions.Findings– The findings from our interviews of expatriate managers and leaders reveal a great deal regarding Islamic principles and religious practices, the Arabic language, the preference for a paternalistic management style, customs around issues of female dress and issues of time management. A number of strategies are provided for managing these sensitive cultural issues in the workplace.Practical implications– This research provides an important examination of the effects of the UAE national culture on expatriate managers and how they have adjusted when managing local staff.Originality/value– This article adds to the disciplines of management and human resources by focussing on cross-cultural sensitivity and awareness, specifically within the context of the UAE.