bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear relocation of STAT6 reliably predicts NAB2–STAT6 fusion for the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumour
Authors: Koelsche Christian , Schweizer Leonille , Renner Marcus , Warth Arne , Jones David T W , Sahm Felix , Reuss David E , Capper David , Knösel Thomas , Schulz Birte , Petersen Iver , Ulrich Alexis , Renker Eva Kristin , Lehner Burkhard , Pfister Stefan M , Schirmacher Peter , von Deimling Andreas , Mechtersheimer Gunhild 
Published: April 2014

AimsNuclear relocation of STAT6 has been shown in tumours with NAB2–STAT6 fusion, and has been proposed as an ancillary marker for the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs). The aim of this study was to verify the utility of STAT6 immunohistology in diagnosing SFT.Methods and resultsA total of 689 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tumours comprising 35 pleural SFTs and 654 other mesenchymal tumours were investigated for STAT6 expression using immunohistochemistry. Nine dedifferentiated liposarcomas (DDLSs) and five SFTs were also examined for the presence of NAB2–STAT6 fusion at the protein level using the proximity ligation assay (PLA), and for copy number variants (CNVs) with the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation450 array. Thirty‐four of 35 SFTs showed strong nuclear STAT6 expression. Furthermore, five of 68 DDLSs, two of 130 undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas and one of 63 cases of nodular fasciitis showed moderate to strong nuclear STAT6 expression. The PLA indicated the presence of NAB2–STAT6 fusion protein in SFTs, but signal was also detected in some DDLSs. Copy number analysis showed an overall low frequency of chromosomal imbalances in SFTs, but complex karyotypes in DDLSs, including amplification of STAT6 and MDM2 loci.ConclusionsThe detection of nuclear relocation of STAT6 with immunohistochemistry is a characteristic of SFTs, and may serve as a diagnostic marker that indicates NAB2–STAT6 fusion and helps to discriminate SFTs from histological mimics.
Effects of flour storage and heat generated during milling on starch, dietary fibre and polyphenols in stoneground flours from two durum‐type wheats
Authors: Di Silvestro Raffaella , Di Loreto Alessandro , Marotti Ilaria , Bosi Sara , Bregola Valeria , Gianotti Andrea , Quinn Robert , Dinelli Giovanni 
Published: April 2014

SummaryIn the perspective of cereal‐based functional food development, the research compared stone watermill and stone mill which differed in the heating generated during grinding (30 and 60 °C) and the effects of storage on the preservation of phytochemicals. After 6‐month storage of flour, a decrease in soluble dietary fibre (loss of 1.9–2.5 g 100 g−1) and bound polyphenols (loss of 6.2–8.5%) was observed, while other wheat grain components remained unvaried. Comparing the milling techniques, stoneground wheat grains (60 °C) showed the highest amylose (34.7–36.9% of total starch) and resistant starch amounts (0.85–1.16% of total starch), which could be of interest for lowering Glycaemic Index. Stoneground KAMUT® starch had higher tendency to be converted into resistant starch and it also showed the higher degree of starch damage, as compared to the durum wheat variety Claudio. The study provided suggestions for modulating the production chain with the aim of supplying added value to wheat‐based products.
Antioxidant properties and phenolic content of sulla (Hedysarum spp.) honeys from Southern Italy
Authors: Gambacorta Emilio , Simonetti Amalia , Garrisi Nunzia , Intaglietta Immacolata , Perna Annamaria 
Published: April 2014

SummaryThe geographical origin greatly influences the qualitative and nutraceutical characteristics of honey. In this study, a total of twenty‐four sulla honeys from eight different geographical areas of Southern Italy have been examined for total phenolic content (Folin–Ciocalteu method), antioxidant activity (FRAP and DPPH assays), colour intensity (ABS450), and identification and quantification of phenolic acids (RP‐HPLC/UV‐VIS method). The total phenolic content ranged from 47.9 (Potentino honeys) to 248.3 mg GAE per kg honey (Penisola Sorrentina honeys). The antioxidant activity ranged from 47.06% (Basso Pollino honeys) to 88.25% (Penisola Sorrentina honeys), and from 98.26 μM Fe (II) (Potentino honeys) to 786.53 μm Fe (II) (Tarantino honeys) for DPPH and FRAP assays, respectively. Major phenolic acids identified in analysed samples were gallic, caffeic and ferulic acids. Correlations between the parameters analysed were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results of the study showed that the parameters studied are greatly affected by the peculiarities of their production area.
Comparison of nutritional value and microbiological status of new imported fish species on the German market
Authors: Karl Horst , Lehmann Ines , Manthey‐Karl Monika , Meyer Carsten , Ostermeyer Ute 
Published: April 2014

SummaryProximate composition, fatty acid profile, other nutritional values and spoilage indicators were examined in the muscle meat of five species: barramundi (Lates calcarifer) from various origins, tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) of different qualities, cobia (Rachycentron canadum) and leather jacket (Aluterus monoceros) from the Pacific Ocean and Patagonian grenadier (Macruronus magellanicus) from South America. Lowest lipid contents (0.4% and 0.8%) were found in leather jacket and cobia. Leather jacket fillets had lowest protein (16.2%) and highest sodium chloride content (4.9%). Concentrations of ∑EPA + DHA were 0.1 g 100 g−1 for tilapia and leather jacket, 0.2 g 100 g−1 for barramundi and cobia and 0.7 g 100 g−1 for Patagonian grenadier. Barramundi and tilapia were characterised by high taurine content (215 and 276 mg 100 g−1 ww.), and cobia had only low levels (41 mg 100 g−1 ww.). Iodine contents were low and selenium levels varied between 303 and 570 μg kg−1 ww. No sign of spoilage was detected.
Antennal uridine diphosphate (UDP)‐glycosyltransferases in a pest insect: diversity and putative function in odorant and xenobiotics clearance
Authors: Bozzolan F. , Siaussat D. , Maria A. , Durand N. , Pottier M.‐A. , Chertemps T. , Maïbèche‐Coisne M. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractUridine diphosphate UDP‐glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are detoxification enzymes widely distributed within living organisms. They are involved in the biotransformation of various lipophilic endogenous compounds and xenobiotics, including odorants. Several UGTs have been reported in the olfactory organs of mammals and involved in olfactory processing and detoxification within the olfactory mucosa but, in insects, this enzyme family is still poorly studied. Despite recent transcriptomic analyses, the diversity of antennal UGTs in insects has not been investigated. To date, only three UGT cDNAs have been shown to be expressed in insect olfactory organs. In the present study, we report the identification of eleven putative UGTs expressed in the antennae of the model pest insect Spodoptera littoralis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these UGTs belong to five different families, highlighting their structural diversity. In addition, two genes, UGT40R3 and UGT46A6, were either specifically expressed or overexpressed in the antennae, suggesting specific roles in this sensory organ. Exposure of male moths to the sex pheromone and to a plant odorant differentially downregulated the transcription levels of these two genes, revealing for the first time the regulation of insect UGTs by odorant exposure. Moreover, the specific antennal gene UGT46A6 was upregulated by insecticide topical application on antennae, suggesting its role in the protection of the olfactory organ towards xenobiotics. This work highlights the structural and functional diversity of UGTs within this highly specialized tissue.
Clubhouse model of psychiatric rehabilitation: How is recovery reflected in documentation?
Authors: Raeburn Toby , Schmied Virginia , Hungerford Catherine , Cleary Michelle 
Published: April 2014

AbstractRecovery‐oriented models of psychiatric rehabilitation, such as the Clubhouse model, are an important addendum to the clinical treatment modalities that assist people with chronic and severe mental illness. Several studies have described the subjective experiences of personal recovery of individuals in the clubhouse context, but limited research has been undertaken on how clubhouses have operationalized recovery in practice. The research question addressed in this paper is: How are recovery‐oriented practices reflected in the documentation of a clubhouse? The documents examined included representative samples of key documents produced or utilized by a clubhouse, including public health‐promotion materials and policy and membership documents. Data were subjected to content analysis, supported by the Recovery Promotion Fidelity Scale. The recovery categories identified in the documents included collaboration (27.7%), acceptance and participation (25.3%), quality improvement (18.0%), consumer and staff development (14.5%), and self‐determination (14.5%). These categories show how the clubhouse constructs and represents personal recovery through its documentation. The findings are important in light of the role that documentation can play in influencing communication, relationships, and behaviour within organizations. The findings can also be used to inform future research related to recovery‐oriented practices in clubhouse settings.
Influenza symptoms and their impact on elderly adults: randomised trial of AS03‐adjuvanted or non‐adjuvanted inactivated trivalent seasonal influenza vaccines
Authors: van Essen Gerrit A. , Beran Jiri , Devaster Jeanne‐Marie , Durand Christelle , Duval Xavier , Esen Meral , Falsey Ann R. , Feldman Gregory , Gervais Pierre , Innis Bruce L. , Kovac Martina , Launay Odile , Leroux‐Roels Geert , McElhaney Janet E. , McNeil Shelly , Oujaa Mohammed , Richardus Jan Hendrik , Ruiz‐Palacios Guillermo , Osborne Richard H. , Oostvogels Lidia 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundPatient‐reported outcomes (PROs) are particularly relevant in influenza vaccine trials in the elderly where reduction in symptom severity could prevent illness‐related functional impairment.ObjectivesTo evaluate PROs in people aged ≥65 years receiving two different vaccines.MethodsThis was a phase III, randomised, observer‐blind study (NCT00753272) of the AS03‐adjuvanted inactivated trivalent split‐virion influenza vaccine (AS03‐TIV) versus non‐adjuvanted vaccine (TIV). Using the FluiiQ questionnaire, symptom (systemic, respiratory, total) and life impact (activities, emotions, relationships) scores were computed as exploratory endpoints, with minimal important difference (MID) in influenza severity between vaccines considered post‐hoc as >7%. Vaccine efficacy of AS03‐TIV relative to TIV in severe influenza (hospitalisation, complication, most severe one‐third of episodes based on the area under the curve for systemic symptom score) was calculated post‐hoc. The main analyses (descriptive) were conducted in the according‐to‐protocol cohort (n = 280 AS03‐TIV, n = 315 TIV) for influenza confirmed by culture or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.ResultsMean systemic symptom, total symptom and impact on activities scores were lower with AS03‐TIV versus TIV. Mean respiratory symptom, impact on emotions and impact on relationships scores were similar. Influenza tended to be less severe with AS03‐TIV, but the MID was reached only for impact on activities (mean 9·0%). Relative vaccine efficacy in severe influenza was 29·38% (95% CI: 7·60–46·02).ConclusionsAS03‐TIV had advantages over TIV in impact on systemic symptoms and activities as measured by the FluiiQ in elderly people. Higher efficacy of AS03‐TIV relative to TIV was shown for prevention of severe illness.
Growth and Ionic Content of Quinoa Under Saline Irrigation
Authors: Riccardi M. , Pulvento C. , Lavini A. , d'Andria R. , Jacobsen S.‐E. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDrought and salinity are the most important abiotic stresses that affect plant's growth and productivity. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of salt and water deficit on water relations, growth parameters and capacity to accumulate inorganic solutes in quinoa plants. An irrigation experiment was carried out in 2009 and 2010 in the Volturno river plain. Three treatments irrigated with fresh water (Q100, Q50 and Q25) and three irrigated with saline water (Q100S, Q50S and Q25S) were tested. For saline irrigation, water with an electrical conductivity of 22 dS m−1 was used. Actual evapotranspiration (ETa), water productivity (WP), biomass allocation, relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), specific leaf area, leaf area ratio and ions accumulation of quinoa plants were evaluated. WP and plant growth were not influenced by saline irrigation, as quinoa plants incorporated salt ions in the tissues (stems, roots, leaves) preserving seed quality. Treatment with a reduction in the irrigation water to 25 % of full irrigated treatment (Q25) caused an increase in WP and a reduced dry matter accumulation in the leaves. Quinoa plants (Q25) were initially negatively affected by severe drought with RGR and NAR reduction, and then, they adapted to it. Quinoa could be considered a drought tolerant crop that adapt photosynthetic rate to compensate for a reduced growth.
Safety and quality of nurse independent prescribing: a national study of experiences of education, continuing professional development clinical governance
Authors: Smith Alesha , Latter Sue , Blenkinsopp Alison 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimTo determine the adequacy of initial nurse independent prescribing education and identify continuing professional development and clinical governance strategies in place for non‐medical prescribing.BackgroundIn 2006, new legislation in England enabled nurses with an independent prescribing qualification to prescribe, within their competence. In 2006, non‐medical prescribing policies released by the Department of Health outlined the recommendations for education, continuing professional development and governance of non‐medical prescribing; however, there was no evidence on a national scale about the extent of implementation and effectiveness of these strategies.DesignNational surveys of: (i) nurse independent prescribers; and (ii) non‐medical prescribing leaders in England.MethodsQuestionnaire surveys (August 2008–February 2009) covering educational preparation, prescribing practice (nurse independent prescribers) and structures/processes for support and governance (non‐medical prescribing leaders).ResultsResponse rates were 65% (976 prescribers) and 52% (87 leaders). Most nurses felt their prescribing course met their learning needs and stated course outcomes and that they had adequate development and support for prescribing to maintain patient safety. Some types of community nurse prescribers had less access to support and development. The prescribing leaders reported lacking systems to ensure continuity of non‐medical prescribing and monitoring patient experience.ConclusionEducational programmes of preparation for nurse prescribing were reported to be operating satisfactorily and providing fit‐for‐purpose preparation for the expansion to the scope of nurse independent prescribing. Most clinical governance and risk management strategies for prescribing were in place in primary and secondary care.
Miocene and Pliocene colonization of the Central American Isthmus by the weakly electric fish Brachyhypopomus occidentalis (Hypopomidae, Gymnotiformes)
Authors: Picq Sophie , Alda Fernando , Krahe Rüdiger , Bermingham Eldredge 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimWe present a molecular phylogenetic and biogeographical analysis of Brachyhypopomus occidentalis, one of the few gymnotiform electric fish in Central America, to further understand the colonization and diversification processes of primary freshwater fishes over the Central American Isthmus.LocationLower Central America.MethodsWe used Bayesian and maximum‐likelihood phylogenetic reconstructions using mitochondrial [cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and ATP synthase 6 and 8 (ATPase 8/6)] and nuclear (RAG1 and rhodopsin) genes and extensive geographical sampling, together with molecular clock analyses and tests of biogeographical scenarios to assess the timing and mode of dispersal and diversification.ResultsWe identified high levels of phylogeographical structure, with a highly divergent lineage composed of individuals from western Atlantic Panama (Bocas), sister to all trans‐Andean South American and Central American lineages. The Pacific slope of Panama showed surprisingly little genetic structure compared with the Atlantic slope. Molecular‐clock and biogeographical analyses support two waves of colonization originating from South America: a first dispersal event in the late Miocene with the Bocas lineage as the only relict, and a second major colonization in the late Pliocene leading to the establishment of B. occidentalis in all central and eastern Panama drainages.Main conclusionsThe genetic structure of B. occidentalis over the Isthmian landscape reflects the progressive, complex and dynamic geological evolution of the region. Our results support multiple colonization events, with an ancient Miocene dispersal event followed by a recent rapid expansion in the late Pliocene, probably facilitated by the final closure of the Isthmus, which provided an important corridor.
Atopic dermatitis in different skin types. What is to know?
Authors: Torrelo A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) affects patients from all over the world, including all races and skin types. Both environmental and genetic factors play a role in influencing the main features of AD in different populations. For example, AD seems to be more prevalent in Black and mixed race populations compared with Whites. Different genetic backgrounds for AD have been demonstrated in European, African and Asian populations. In this article, we will review the various aspects of AD affecting different populations and racial skin types throughout the world.
Bidirectional interactions between NOX2‐type NADPH oxidase and the F‐actin cytoskeleton in neuronal growth cones
Authors: Munnamalai Vidhya , Weaver Cory J. , Weisheit Corinne E. , Venkatraman Prahatha , Agim Zeynep Sena , Quinn Mark T. , Suter Daniel M. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractNADPH oxidases are important for neuronal function but detailed subcellular localization studies have not been performed. Here, we provide the first evidence for the presence of functional NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)‐type complex in neuronal growth cones and its bidirectional relationship with the actin cytoskeleton. NADPH oxidase inhibition resulted in reduced F‐actin content, retrograde F‐actin flow, and neurite outgrowth. Stimulation of NADPH oxidase via protein kinase C activation increased levels of hydrogen peroxide in the growth cone periphery. The main enzymatic NADPH oxidase subunit NOX2/gp91phox localized to the growth cone plasma membrane and showed little overlap with the regulatory subunit p40phox. p40phox itself exhibited colocalization with filopodial actin bundles. Differential subcellular fractionation revealed preferential association of NOX2/gp91phox and p40phox with the membrane and the cytoskeletal fraction, respectively. When neurite growth was evoked with beads coated with the cell adhesion molecule apCAM, we observed a significant increase in colocalization of p40phox with NOX2/gp91phox at apCAM adhesion sites. Together, these findings suggest a bidirectional functional relationship between NADPH oxidase activity and the actin cytoskeleton in neuronal growth cones, which contributes to the control of neurite outgrowth.image
We have previously shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical for actin organization and dynamics in neuronal growth cones as well as neurite outgrowth. Here, we report that the cytosolic subunit p40phox of the NOX2‐type NADPH oxidase complex is partially associated with F‐actin in neuronal growth cones, while ROS produced by this complex regulates F‐actin dynamics and neurite growth. These findings provide evidence for a bidirectional relationship between NADPH oxidase activity and the actin cytoskeleton in neuronal growth cones.
A multi‐scale structural study of the porcine anterior cruciate ligament tibial enthesis
Authors: Zhao Lei , Thambyah Ashvin , Broom Neil D. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractLike the human anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the porcine ACL also has a double bundle structure and several biomechanical studies using this model have been carried out to show the differential effect of these two bundles on macro‐level knee joint function. It is hypothesised that if the different bundles of the porcine ACL are mechanically distinct in function, then a multi‐scale anatomical characterisation of their individual enthesis will also reveal significant differences in structure between the bundles. Twenty‐two porcine knee joints were cleared of their musculature to expose the intact ACL following which ligament–bone samples were obtained. The samples were fixed in formalin followed by decalcification with formic acid. Thin sections containing the ligament insertion into the tibia were then obtained by cryosectioning and analysed using differential interference contrast (DIC) optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At the micro‐level, the anteromedial (AM) bundle insertion at the tibia displayed a significant deep‐rooted interdigitation into bone, while for the posterolateral (PL) bundle the fibre insertions were less distributed and more focal. Three sub‐types of enthesis were identified in the ACL and related to (i) bundle type, (ii) positional aspect within the insertion, and (iii) specific bundle function. At the nano‐level the fibrils of the AM bundle were significantly larger than those in the PL bundle. The modes by which the AM and PL fibrils merged with the bone matrix fibrils were significantly different. A biomechanical interpretation of the data suggests that the porcine ACL enthesis is a specialized, functionally graded structural continuum, adapted at the micro‐to‐nano scales to serve joint function at the macro level.
Avoidance of sun exposure is a risk factor for all‐cause mortality: results from the Melanoma in Southern Sweden cohort
Authors: Lindqvist P. G. , Epstein E. , Landin‐Olsson M. , Ingvar C. , Nielsen K. , Stenbeck M. , Olsson H. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundSunlight exposure and fair skin are major determinants of human vitamin D production, but they are also risk factors for cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM). There is epidemiological evidence that all‐cause mortality is related to low vitamin D levels.MethodsWe assessed the avoidance of sun exposure as a risk factor for all‐cause mortality for 29 518 Swedish women in a prospective 20‐year follow‐up of the Melanoma in Southern Sweden (MISS) cohort. Women were recruited from 1990 to 1992 and were aged 25 to 64 years at the start of the study. We obtained detailed information at baseline on their sun exposure habits and potential confounders. Multivariable flexible parametric survival analysis was applied to the data.ResultsThere were 2545 deaths amongst the 29 518 women who responded to the initial questionnaire. We found that all‐cause mortality was inversely related to sun exposure habits. The mortality rate amongst avoiders of sun exposure was approximately twofold higher compared with the highest sun exposure group, resulting in excess mortality with a population attributable risk of 3%.ConclusionThe results of this study provide observational evidence that avoiding sun exposure is a risk factor for all‐cause mortality. Following sun exposure advice that is very restrictive in countries with low solar intensity might in fact be harmful to women's health.