bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literome: PubMed-scale genomic knowledge base in the cloud
Authors: Poon Hoifung , Quirk Chris , DeZiel Charlie , Heckerman David 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMotivation: Advances in sequencing technology have led to an exponential growth of genomics data, yet it remains a formidable challenge to interpret such data for identifying disease genes and drug targets. There has been increasing interest in adopting a systems approach that incorporates prior knowledge such as gene networks and genotype–phenotype associations. The majority of such knowledge resides in text such as journal publications, which has been undergoing its own exponential growth. It has thus become a significant bottleneck to identify relevant knowledge for genomic interpretation as well as to keep up with new genomics findings.Results: In the Literome project, we have developed an automatic curation system to extract genomic knowledge from PubMed articles and made this knowledge available in the cloud with a Web site to facilitate browsing, searching and reasoning. Currently, Literome focuses on two types of knowledge most pertinent to genomic medicine: directed genic interactions such as pathways and genotype–phenotype associations. Users can search for interacting genes and the nature of the interactions, as well as diseases and drugs associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism or gene. Users can also search for indirect connections between two entities, e.g. a gene and a disease might be linked because an interacting gene is associated with a related disease.Availability and implementation: Literome is freely available at literome.azurewebsites.net. Download for non-commercial use is available via Web services.Contact: hoifung@microsoft.comSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The influence of board characteristics on sustainability reporting
Authors: M. Shamil Mohamed , M. Shaikh Junaid , Ho Poh-Ling , Krishnan Anbalagan 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– Drawing on agency theory and legitimacy theory perspectives, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of board characteristics on sustainability reporting of listed companies in the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE), Sri Lanka.

Design/methodology/approach
– A sample of 148 listed companies was drawn from the CSE using stratified random sampling method and data were collected from the 2012 annual reports. The proposed hypotheses were tested using a hierarchical binary logistic regression.

Findings
– This study documents that board size and dual leadership are positively associated with sustainability reporting and boards with female directors are negatively associated with sustainability reporting. This study also found that sustainability reporting is likely to be influenced by firm size and firm growth. Additionally, the study also reveals that younger firms are likely to adopt sustainability reporting.

Originality/value
– This is the first study to examine the influence of board characteristics on sustainability reporting in Sri Lanka, considered as a developing economy with an emerging equity market.
Social partnerships addressing affordable housing and homelessness in Australia
Authors: McDonald Sharyn 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the formation of a cross-sector partnership in which a collaborative response addressed the issue of affordable housing and homelessness in Melbourne, Australia. Factors leading to the formation and evolution of the relationship reveal how social partnerships in the housing/construction industry can be formulated.

Design/methodology/approach
– Semi-structured interviews were held with representatives of the three sectors involved in an innovative social housing model, the Elizabeth Street Common Ground project. Supported with background documentation, interviews were coded and the results contrasted against theories pertaining to cross-sector collaboration.

Findings
– Several factors contributed to the formation of this partnership, most notably the strong social imperative found within the organisational ethos of the participating organisations. The opportunity to replicate a well-trialled and successful model coincided with the desire among all partners to be part of the solution.

Originality/value
– The results provide an insight into the ingredients pivotal to the formation of a successful multi-sector partnership. It highlights the value in sharing the best practice and the importance of networks when tackling major global problems such as affordable housing and homelessness.
The impacts of relationship marketing on cognitive dissonance, satisfaction, and loyalty
Authors: Shahin Sharifi Seyed , Rahim Esfidani Mohammad 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to study how relationship marketing can reduce cognitive dissonance in post-purchase stage and, thereby, increase customer satisfaction and encourage loyalty under mediating roles of trust and cognitive dissonance.Design/methodology/approach– Based on a survey on consumers of cell phones, the authors tested the effects of relationship marketing on cognitive dissonance and then customer satisfaction, behavioural, and attitudinal loyalty, using structural equation modelling.Findings– The results indicate that, thanks to relationship marketing, consumers undertook less cognitive dissonance in post-purchase stage. Thus, as consumers faced less cognitive dissonance, they represented more satisfaction and thereby behavioural and attitudinal loyalty. Additionally, the study confirmed the mediating role of trust and cognitive dissonance.Practical implications– The results show that when brands and retailers make their ties with their customers stronger and encourage trust, they can discourage cognitive dissonance in post-purchase stage and thereby encourage customer satisfaction and behavioural and attitudinal loyalty.Originality/value– Literature on post-purchase behaviour and cognitive dissonance shows how cognitive dissonance can reduce post-purchase satisfaction. Our research adds to the literature of both relationship marketing and post-purchase behaviour.
Grammar-based transformations: attack and defence
Authors: Repel Dusan , Stengel Ingo 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– This research aims to propose an attack that de-obfuscates codes by exploiting the properties of context-free grammars since it is important to understand the strength of obfuscation provided by context-free grammar-based obfuscators. In addition, the possibility of automatically generated transformations is explored.

Design/methodology/approach
– As part of our empirical investigation, a development environment for obfuscating transformations is built. The tool is used to simulate a context-free obfuscator and to devise ways of reversing such transformations. Furthermore, a theoretical investigation of subset grammars and subset languages is carried out.

Findings
– It is concluded that context-free grammar-based obfuscators provide limited levels of protection. Nevertheless, their application is appropriate when combined with other obfuscating techniques.

Research limitations/implications
– The algorithms behave as expected on a limited number of test samples. Further work is required to increase their practicality and to establish their average reliability.

Originality/value
– This research shows how a frequency analysis attack can threaten the security of code scrambled by context-free grammar-based obfuscators.
Resources, facilities and services of the Indian citation index (ICI)
Authors: Yadav Bharti , Yadav Meera 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this article is to show the present condition and necessity of the Indian Citation Index (ICI) in India.

Design/methodology/approach
– This article covers all facilities, services and resources of the ICI.

Findings
– The ICI is the best way for researchers to search any Indian scholarly journal in different fields.

Originality/value
– This article shows the present status of this citation index.
Enabling and integrating ETD repositories through linked data
Authors: Mak Lucas , Higgins Devin , Collie Aaron , Nicholson Shawn 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to illustrate that Electronic Theses and Dissertation (ETD) metadata can be used as data for institutional assessment and to map an extended research landscape when connected to other data sets through linked data models.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper presents conceptual consideration of ideas behind linked data architecture to leverage ETD and attendant metadata to build a case for institutional assessment. Analysis of graph data support the considerations.

Findings
– The study reveals first and foremost that ETD metadata is in itself data. Concerns with creating URIs for data elements and general applicability of linked data model formation result. The analysis positively points up a rich environment of institutional relationships not readily found in traditional flat metadata records.

Originality/value
– This paper provides a new perspective in examining research landscape through ETDs produced by graduate students in higher education sector.
Library software in Pakistan
Authors: Siddique Nadeem , Mahmood Khalid 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– This paper is the part of PhD research of the principal researcher. This paper aims to describe current status of library software being used in the libraries of Pakistan, role of national and foreign agencies in the development of library software in Pakistan, problems faced by the libraries in implementation and to highlight the recommendations by the experts in the field to overcome the problems. It also attempts to provide a bibliography on the topic to researchers in the field of library and information science.

Design/methodology/approach
– Available literature was reviewed. The articles were usually published in national and international journals of library and information science and contributed by Pakistani authors. Other sources consulted were books, conference proceedings, theses and dissertations and websites of libraries and professionals’ organisations.

Findings
– The situation in Pakistan regarding library software cannot be compared with the that in advanced countries. Lack of standard library software, the multilingual nature of the library collections, poor budgets, computer illiteracy, software piracy and unavailability of support from local vendors are the main hindrances in the effective implementation of library software. In the available literature, experts have recommended the formulation of a consortium or a body under the umbrella of the Government of Pakistan which could provide standard library software, along with technical support, innovation and upgrades of the software, to meet the needs of Pakistani libraries.

Originality/value
– This is the first paper that presents the current status of library software in Pakistan, problems faced by the libraries in implementation of library software and recommendations suggested by the experts to overcome the problems.
Diffusion of ebooks among postgraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Nwagwu Williams E , Okafor Judd-Leonard 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to examine the diffusion of ebooks among postgraduate students in arts and technology faculties of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Electronic books have become increasingly popular in recent years, but factors influencing their adoption and use are not understood in many institutions.

Design/methodology/approach
– Guided by a sample survey design, data were collected from 1,518 postgraduate students, 438 from the arts and 1,080 from technology, using a questionnaire and an interview schedule.

Findings
– Students from both faculties used ebooks, identified through serendipitous browsing of the internet, and mainly Google searching. Many of the ebooks they find are not recommended by their lecturers, while those that are recommended are not available free of charge. Students therefore use ebooks mainly to cross-validate and gain extra insights about what they have been taught. There are significant differences between arts and technology students
'
use of ebooks with respect to cost, ease of use and other aspects, with technology students having the advantage. There is no programme in the university aimed at harvesting and organising ebook resources for students to access.

Research limitations/implications
– The study focused on only one institution.

Practical implications
– Institutionalising ebooks could be a useful strategy to address the dearth of current and relevant texts in universities, although ebooks may pose challenges to existing library management processes.

Social implications
– An ebook revolution will cause great changes in information services in libraries – how would university libraries partner to benchmark this evolving practice with respect to questions about standards, technologies, licensing and pricing, particularly in the developing world?

Originality/value
– There is no empirical study on this subject matter either in the University used in the study or in any other.
What counts as a science and discipline in library and information science?
Authors: Lugya Fredrick Kiwuwa 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The convergence of librarianship and information science to form library and information science (LIS) is seen as a recent phenomenon, with the term “information science” originally focused on the application of computers to library operations and services. LIS as a science and multidisciplinary field applies the practice and perspective of information with the aim of answering important questions related to the activities of a target group. As a science, LIS is more than a collection of facts to be memorised or techniques to be mastered but is instead an inquiry carried out by people who raise questions for which answers are unknown and who have gained confidence in their ability to reach conclusions, albeit tentative ones, through research, experiment and careful thought sharpened by the open criticism of others. What is described here is a dynamic and changing field of study called LIS which differs from Cronin
'
s (2004) conclusion that library science or LIS is neither a science nor a discipline. Like any other science, LIS continues to emerge, evolve, transform and dissipate in the ongoing conversation of disciplines.

Design/methodology/approach
– To understand LIS, this paper thoroughly reviewed the literature by paying attention to the genesis of the terms “information”, “documentation”, “science” and “librarianship”, and then the interdisciplinary nature of library science and information science.

Findings
– The differences between librarianship and information science are an indication that there are two different fields in a strong interdisciplinary relation, rather than one being a special case of the other. LIS has grown to be a scientific discipline, knowledge and a process that allows abandoning or modifying previously accepted conclusions when confronted with more complete or reliable experimental or observational evidence. Therefore, like any other science, LIS is a science and discipline in its own right that continues to emerge, evolve, transform and dissipate in the ongoing conversation of disciplines.

Originality/value
– What is described here is a dynamic and changing field of study and a science called LIS that differs from Cronin
'
s (2004) assessment that library science or LIS is neither a science nor a discipline. The originality of the paper is rooted in a growing discussion to understand the relevance and appreciate the continued existence of LIS as a science and a field of study.
Climate and the landscape of fear in an African savanna
Authors: Riginos Corinna 
Published: June 2014

Summary

Herbivores frequently have to make trade‐offs between two basic needs: the need to acquire forage and the need to avoid predation. One manifestation of this trade‐off is the ‘landscape of fear’ phenomenon – wherein herbivores avoid areas of high perceived predation risk even if forage is abundant or of high quality in those areas. Although this phenomenon is well established among invertebrates, its applicability to terrestrial large herbivores remains debated, in part because experimental evidence is scarce.

This study was designed to (i) experimentally test the effects of tree density – a key landscape feature associated with predation risk for African ungulates – on herbivore habitat use and (ii) establish whether habitat use patterns could be explained by trade‐offs between foraging opportunities and predation risk avoidance.

In a Kenyan savanna system, replicate plots dominated by the tree Acacia drepanolobium were cleared, thinned or left intact. Ungulate responses were measured over four years, which included years of moderate rainfall as well as a severe drought.

Under average rainfall conditions, most herbivores (primarily plains zebra, Grant's gazelle and hartebeest) favoured sites with fewer trees and higher visibility – regardless of grass production – while elephants (too large to be vulnerable to predation) favoured sites with many trees. During the drought, however, herbivores favoured sites that had high grass biomass, but not high visibility. Thus, during the drought, herbivores sought areas where food was more abundant, despite probable higher risk of predation.

These results illustrate that the ‘landscape of fear’, and the associated interactions between top‐down and bottom‐up effects, is not static, but rather shifts markedly under different conditions. Climate thus has the potential to alter the strength and spatial dynamics of behaviourally mediated cascades in large herbivore systems.
An evaluation of seed zone delineation using phenotypic and population genomic data on black alder Alnus glutinosa
Authors: De Kort Hanne , Mergeay Joachim , Vander Mijnsbrugge Kristine , Decocq Guillaume , Maccherini Simona , Kehlet Bruun Hans Henrik , Honnay Olivier , Vandepitte Katrien 
Published: June 2014

Summary

Delineation of seed zones or provenance regions to preserve local adaptation is a common practice in forestry and restoration, as locally adapted plants generally possess relatively high levels of productivity and resistance. Provenance trials typically quantify the degree of phenotypic divergence among individuals and populations raised under common conditions, which is time‐consuming and potentially confounded by phenotypic plasticity and maternal effects.

Here, we put forward population genomics, the screening of individual genomes for the genetic signature of adaptation, as a fast and reliable strategy to evaluate seed zone delineation. To illustrate the value of this approach, we quantified the degree of genomic adaptation within and among Belgian black alder Alnus glutinosa provenances and compared results with traditional provenance trials. Distant European reference regions were included to validate the approaches, as larger environmental differences at a European scale are expected to result in larger adaptive responses.

Local provenances did not perform better than foreign provenances at the scale of Belgian seed zones, in contrast to the comparisons with the distant European regions. A significant site effect indicated that plastic responses rather than local adaptation explain phenotypic differences among seed zones. The common garden revealed little evidence for adaptation for all measured traits, both among seed zones and among distant regions.

The number and strength of genetic outliers was not significantly larger among Belgian seed zones than within these seed zones, but was significantly larger between Belgian seed zones and the distant European reference regions.

Synthesis and applications. The lack of adaptive divergence among Belgian seed zones supports an expansion of current provenance regions into larger seed zones. The results also show that population genomics can be an accurate and time‐efficient resource to assist decisions on seed sourcing. This highlights the importance of raising awareness of the potential benefits of this novel approach among policy makers, foresters and restoration practitioners.
Seed dispersal is more limiting to native grassland diversity than competition or seed predation
Authors: Pinto Sarah M. , Pearson Dean E. , Maron John L. 
Published: June 2014

Summary

Competition has historically been viewed as the predominant process affecting plant community structure. In particular, it is often assumed that the dominant resident species is the superior competitor and therefore has large impacts on plant community diversity. This assumption, however, is seldom tested. As well, there are a variety of other processes such as dispersal limitation and seed predation that can influence community structure, although the relative importance of these processes in relation to competition from resident species is still unclear.

We examined how interspecific competition, dispersal limitation and post‐dispersal seed predation by mice individually and interactively influenced the richness and diversity of local plant assemblages in grasslands of western Montana.

We added seeds of 20 mostly locally uncommon native species to subplots in and out of larger rodent exclosure plots. Using a ‘species‐blind’ approach, we manipulated competition from resident plants in these subplots by removing the same amount of cover of one dominant species or several common species.

The species richness and diversity of local assemblages was higher in subplots with seed addition than without. Across all levels of the other treatments, average richness for subplots without competitor removal was lower than for competitor removal treatments. However, the removal of one locally dominant species had similar effects to removal of several common species. In contrast, preventing seed predation by mice did not have significant effects on richness. There were no significant interactions between the treatments.

Synthesis. Our results reveal a hierarchy of filters that determine local community structure. Many regionally rare species were dispersal limited and established after the seed addition, regardless of release from competition or the presence of seed predators. Subsequently, we found competitive equivalence between dominant and common species.