bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for major depression during midlife among a community sample of women with and without prior major depression: are they the same or different?
Authors: Bromberger J. T. , Schott L. , Kravitz H. M. , Joffe H. 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundWomen's vulnerability for a first lifetime-onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) during midlife is substantial. It is unclear whether risk factors differ for first lifetime-onset and recurrent MDD. Identifying these risk factors can provide more focused depression screening and earlier intervention. This study aims to evaluate whether lifetime psychiatric and health histories, personality traits, menopausal status and factors that vary over time, e.g. symptoms, are independent risk factors for first-onset or recurrent MDD across 13 annual follow-ups.MethodFour hundred and forty-three women, aged 42–52 years, enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation in Pittsburgh and participated in the Mental Health Study. Psychiatric interviews obtained information on lifetime psychiatric disorders at baseline and on occurrences of MDD episodes annually. Psychosocial and health-related data were collected annually. Cox multivariable analyses were conducted separately for women with and without a MDD history at baseline.ResultsWomen without lifetime MDD at baseline had a lower risk of developing MDD during midlife than those with a prior MDD history (28%v.59%) and their risk profiles differed. Health conditions prior to baseline and during follow-ups perception of functioning (ps < 0.05) and vasomotor symptoms (VMS) (p= 0.08) were risk factors for first lifetime-onset MDD. Being peri- and post-menopausal, psychological symptoms and a prior anxiety disorder were predominant risk factors for MDD recurrence.ConclusionsThe menopausal transition warrants attention as a period of vulnerability to MDD recurrence, while health factors and VMS should be considered important risk factors for first lifetime-onset of MDD during midlife.
Guiding and amplification of microwave radiation in a plasma channel created in gas by intense ultraviolet laser pulse
Authors: Bogatskaya A. V. , Smetanin I. V. , Volkova E. A. , Popov A. M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe evolution of non-equilibrium plasma channel created in xenon by powerful KrF-femtosecond laser pulse is studied. It is demonstrated that such a plasma channel can be used as a waveguide for both transportation and amplification of the microwave radiation. The specific features of such a plasma waveguide are studied on the basis of the self-consistent solution of the kinetic Boltzmann equation for the electron energy distribution function in different spatial points of the gas media and the wave equation in slow-varying amplitude approximation for the microwave radiation guided and amplified in the channel.
Critical itineraries of maps with constant slope and one discontinuity
Authors: BARNSLEY MICHAEL , STEINER WOLFGANG , VINCE ANDREW 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFor a function from the unit interval to itself with constant slope and one discontinuity, the itineraries of the point of discontinuity are called the critical itineraries. These critical itineraries play a significant role in the study of β-expansions (with positive or negative β) and fractal transformations. A combinatorial characterization of the critical itineraries of such functions is provided.
Unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery: a report of two cases that presented different clinical courses
Authors: Higeno Ryota , Inamura Noboru , Kayatani Futoshi 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe recently diagnosed two cases of isolated unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery just after birth. Through the therapy, we could not prevent obstruction of the pulmonary artery and lead to complications. There have been no symptoms attributed to isolated unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery so far. We should carefully consider the strategy for therapeutic intervention for asymptomatic cases.
Context Variations and Pluri-methodological Issues concerning the Expression of a Social Representation: the Example of the Gypsy Community
Authors: Piermattéo Anthony , Lo Monaco Grégory , Moreau Laure , Girandola Fabien , Tavani Jean-Louis 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWithin the social representations’ field of research, the “mute zone” hypothesis considers that some objects are characterized by counternormative content that people usually do not express in standard conditions of production. Within the framework of this approach, this study aims to explore the variations in the expression about the Gypsy community following the manipulation of different contexts and the issues associated with a pluri-methodological approach of data analysis. Indeed, two methodologies have been combined. The participants were asked to express themselves in public or in private. In addition, the identity of the experimenter was also manipulated as she presented herself as a Gypsy or not. Then, through a set of analyses based on a methodological triangulation approach, we were able to observe a recurrent modulation of the participants’ answers. These analyses highlighted a greater incidence of the expression of counternormative elements when the context of expression was private and especially when the experimenter did not present herself as a Gypsy (p< .01, ηp² = .06). These results will be discussed in terms of the contribution of the methodologies employed and their comparison within the framework of the study of counternormative content.
Pathological roles of the VEGF/SphK pathway in Niemann–Pick type C neurons
Authors: Lee Hyun , Lee Jong Kil , Park Min Hee , Hong Yu Ri , Marti Hugo H. , Kim Hyongbum , Okada Yohei , Otsu Makoto , Seo Eul-Ju , Park Jae-Hyung , Bae Jae-Hoon , Okino Nozomu , He Xingxuan , Schuchman Edward H. , Bae Jae-sung , Jin Hee Kyung 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSphingosine is a major storage compound in Niemann–Pick type C disease (NP–C), although the pathological role(s) of this accumulation have not been fully characterized. Here we found that sphingosine kinase (SphK) activity is reduced in NP–C patient fibroblasts and NP–C mouse Purkinje neurons (PNs) due to defective vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. Sphingosine accumulation due to inactivation of VEGF/SphK pathway led to PNs loss via inhibition of autophagosome–lysosome fusion in NP–C mice. VEGF activates SphK by binding to VEGFR2, resulting in decreased sphingosine storage as well as improved PNs survival and clinical outcomes in NP–C cells and mice. We also show that induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human NP–C neurons are generated and the abnormalities caused by VEGF/SphK inactivity in these cells are corrected by replenishment of VEGF. Overall, these results reveal a pathogenic mechanism in NP–C neurons where defective SphK activity is due to impaired VEGF levels.
Experimental demonstration of spinor slow light
Authors: Lee Meng-Jung , Ruseckas Julius , Lee Chin-Yuan , Kudriašov Viačeslav , Chang Kao-Fang , Cho Hung-Wen , Juzeliānas Gediminas , Yu Ite A. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSlow light based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency is of great interest due to its applications in low-light-level nonlinear optics and quantum information manipulation. The previous experiments all dealt with the single-component slow light. Here, we report the experimental demonstration of two-component or spinor slow light using a double-tripod atom–light coupling scheme. The scheme involves three atomic ground states coupled to two excited states by six light fields. The oscillation due to the interaction between the two components was observed. On the basis of the stored light, our data showed that the double-tripod scheme behaves like the two outcomes of an interferometer enabling precision measurements of frequency detuning. We experimentally demonstrated a possible application of the double-tripod scheme as quantum memory/rotator for the two-colour qubit. Our study also suggests that the spinor slow light is a better method than a widely used scheme in the nonlinear frequency conversion.
Simplified data access on human skeletal muscle transcriptome responses to differentiated exercise
Authors: Vissing Kristian , Schjerling Peter 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFew studies have investigated exercise-induced global gene expression responses in human skeletal muscle and these have typically focused at one specific mode of exercise and not implemented non-exercise control models. However, interpretation on effects of differentiated exercise necessitate direct comparison between essentially different modes of exercise and the ability to identify true exercise effect, necessitate implementation of independent non-exercise control subjects. Furthermore, muscle transcriptome data made available through previous exercise studies can be difficult to extract and interpret by individuals that are inexperienced with bioinformatics procedures. In a comparative study, we therefore; (1) investigated the human skeletal muscle transcriptome responses to differentiated exercise and non-exercise control intervention, and; (2) set out to develop a straightforward search tool to allow for easy access and interpretation of our data. We provide a simple-to-use spread sheet containing transcriptome data allowing other investigators to easily see how mRNA of their gene(s) of interest behave in skeletal muscle following exercise, both endurance, resistance and non-exercise, to better aid hypothesis-driven question in this field of research.
Multi-channel EEG recordings during 3,936 grasp and lift trials with varying weight and friction
Authors: Luciw Matthew D , Jarocka Ewa , Edin Benoni B 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWAY-EEG-GAL is a dataset designed to allow critical tests of techniques to decode sensation, intention, and action from scalp EEG recordings in humans who perform a grasp-and-lift task. Twelve participants performed lifting series in which the object’s weight (165, 330, or 660 g), surface friction (sandpaper, suede, or silk surface), or both, were changed unpredictably between trials, thus enforcing changes in fingertip force coordination. In each of a total of 3,936 trials, the participant was cued to reach for the object, grasp it with the thumb and index finger, lift it and hold it for a couple of seconds, put it back on the support surface, release it, and, lastly, to return the hand to a designated rest position. We recorded EEG (32 channels), EMG (five arm and hand muscles), the 3D position of both the hand and object, and force/torque at both contact plates. For each trial we provide 16 event times (e.g., ‘object lift-off’) and 18 measures that characterize the behaviour (e.g., ‘peak grip force’).
Late-onset spastic ataxia phenotype in a patient with a homozygous DDHD2 mutation
Authors: Doi Hiroshi , Ushiyama Masao , Baba Takashi , Tani Katsuko , Shiina Masaaki , Ogata Kazuhiro , Miyatake Satoko , Fukuda-Yuzawa Yoko , Tsuji Shoji , Nakashima Mitsuko , Tsurusaki Yoshinori , Miyake Noriko , Saitsu Hirotomo , Ikeda Shu-ichi , Tanaka Fumiaki , Matsumoto Naomichi , Yoshida Kunihiro 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAutosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias and autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegias (ARHSPs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurological disorders. Herein we describe Japanese siblings with a midlife-onset, slowly progressive type of cerebellar ataxia and spastic paraplegia, without intellectual disability. Using whole exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous missense mutation in DDHD2, whose mutations were recently identified as the cause of early-onset ARHSP with intellectual disability. Brain MRI of the patient showed a thin corpus callosum. Cerebral proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed an abnormal lipid peak in the basal ganglia, which has been reported as the hallmark of DDHD2-related ARHSP (SPG 54). The mutation caused a marked reduction of phospholipase A1 activity, supporting that this mutation is the cause of SPG54. Our cases indicate that the possibility of SPG54 should also be considered when patients show a combination of adult-onset spastic ataxia and a thin corpus callosum. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of patients with spastic ataxia phenotype.
Modulation of specificity protein 1 by mithramycin A as a novel therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer
Authors: Choi Eun-Sun , Nam Jeong-Seok , Jung Ji-Youn , Cho Nam-Pyo , Cho Sung-Dae 
Published: November 2014

AbstractCervical cancer is the third most common cancer and the third leading cause of death among women. However, the standard treatment for cervical cancer includes cisplatin, which can cause side effects such as hematological damage or renal toxicity. New innovations in cervical cancer treatment focus on developing more effective and better-tolerated therapies such as Sp1-targeting drugs. Previous studies suggested that mithramycin A (Mith) inhibits the growth of various cancers by decreasing Sp1 protein. However, how Sp1 protein is decreased by Mith is not clear. Few studies have investigated the regulation of Sp1 protein by proteasome-dependent degradation as a possible control mechanism for the regulation of Sp1 in cancer cells. Here, we show that Mith decreased Sp1 protein by inducing proteasome-dependent degradation, thereby suppressing cervical cancer growth through a DR5/caspase-8/Bid signaling pathway. We found that prolonged Mith treatment was well tolerated after systemic administration to mice carrying cervical cancer cells. Reduction of body weight was minimal, indicating that Mith was a good therapeutic candidate for treatment of cancers in which Sp1 is involved in promoting and developing disease.
High-temperature continuous-wave laser realized in hollow microcavities
Authors: Shi Zhifeng , Zhang Yuantao , Cui Xijun , Zhuang Shiwei , Wu Bin , Dong Xin , Zhang Baolin , Du Guotong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRecently, an urgent requirement of ultraviolet (UV) semiconductor laser with lower cost and higher performance has motivated our intensive research in zinc oxide (ZnO) material owing to its wide direct band gap and large exciton binding energy. Here, we demonstrate for the first time continuous-wave laser in electrically-pumped hollow polygonal microcavities based on epitaxial ZnO/MgO-core/shell nanowall networks structures and whispering gallery type resonant modes are responsible for the lasing action. The laser diodes exhibit an ultralow threshold current density (0.27 A/cm2), two or three orders of magnitude smaller than other reported UV-light semiconductor laser diodes to our knowledge. More importantly, the continuous-current-driven diode can achieve lasing up to ~430 K, showing a good temperature tolerance. This study indicates that nano-size injection lasers can be made from epitaxial semiconductor microcavities, which is a considerable advance towards the realization of practical UV coherent light sources, facilitating the existing applications and suggesting new potentials.
Structural characterization of the late competence protein ComFB from Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Sysoeva Tatyana A. , Bane Lukas B. , Xiao Daphne Y. , Bose Baundauna , Chilton Scott S. , Gaudet Rachelle , Burton Briana M. 
Published: November 2014

Many bacteria take up DNA from their environment as part of the process of natural transformation. DNA uptake allows microorganisms to gain genetic diversity and can lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance or virulence genes within a microbial population. Development of genetic competence (Com) in Bacillus subtilis is a highly regulated process that culminates in expression of several late competence genes and formation of the DNA uptake apparatus. The late competence operon comF encodes a small protein of unknown function, ComFB. To gain insight into the function of ComFB, we determined its 3D structure via X-ray crystallography. ComFB is a dimer and each subunit consists of four α-helices connected by short loops and one extended β-strand-like stretch. Each subunit contains one zinc-binding site formed by four cysteines, which are unusually spaced in the primary sequence. Using structure- and bioinformatics-guided substitutions we analyzed the inter-subunit interface of the ComFB dimer. Based on these analyses, we conclude that ComFB is an obligate dimer. We also characterized ComFB in vivo and found that this protein is produced in competent cells and is localized to the cytosol. Consistent with previous reports, we showed that deletion of ComFB does not affect DNA uptake function. Combining our results, we conclude that ComFB is unlikely to be a part of the DNA uptake machinery under tested conditions and instead may have a regulatory function.
Imaging tumour heterogeneity of the consequences of a PKCα–substrate interaction in breast cancer patients
Authors: Weitsman Gregory , Lawler Katherine , Kelleher Muireann T. , Barrett James E. , Barber Paul R. , Shamil Eamon , Festy Frederic , Patel Gargi , Fruhwirth Gilbert O. , Huang Lufei , Tullis Iain D.C. , Woodman Natalie , Ofo Enyinnaya , Ameer-Beg Simon M. , Irshad Sheeba , Condeelis John , Gillett Cheryl E. , Ellis Paul A. , Vojnovic Borivoj , Coolen Anthony C.C. , Ng Tony 
Published: November 2014

Breast cancer heterogeneity demands that prognostic models must be biologically driven and recent clinical evidence indicates that future prognostic signatures need evaluation in the context of early compared with late metastatic risk prediction. In pre-clinical studies, we and others have shown that various protein–protein interactions, pertaining to the actin microfilament-associated proteins, ezrin and cofilin, mediate breast cancer cell migration, a prerequisite for cancer metastasis. Moreover, as a direct substrate for protein kinase Cα, ezrin has been shown to be a determinant of cancer metastasis for a variety of tumour types, besides breast cancer; and has been described as a pivotal regulator of metastasis by linking the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton. In the present article, we demonstrate that our tissue imaging-derived parameters that pertain to or are a consequence of the PKC–ezrin interaction can be used for breast cancer prognostication, with inter-cohort reproducibility. The application of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded patient samples to probe protein proximity within the typically &lt;10 nm range to address the oncological challenge of tumour heterogeneity, is discussed.
Immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein (BiP): a stress protein that has the potential to be a novel therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Panayi Gabriel S. , Corrigall Valerie M. 
Published: November 2014

Immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein (BiP) or glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78) is a vital ubiquitous resident of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). As an intracellular chaperone, BiP correctly folds nascent polypeptides within the ER and regulates the unfolded protein response ensuring protection of the cell from denatured protein and reinforcing its anti-apoptotic role, when the cell is under stress. Additionally, BiP is a member of the heat-shock protein (HSP) 70 family and, as a stress protein, is up-regulated by conditions of reduced oxygen and glucose. Cell stress induces surface expression and secretion of BiP. Consequently, BiP is detectable in several bodily fluids including serum, synovial fluid (SF) and oviductal fluid. However, as an extracellular protein, BiP has additional properties that are quite distinct from the intracellular functions. Extracellular BiP is immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory causing development of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs), induction of regulatory T-cells, abrogation of osteoclast development and function, induction of anti-inflammatory cytokine production, including interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist and soluble tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor type II, and attenuation of TNFα and IL-6. Together, these functions help drive the resolution of inflammation. Disease models of inflammatory arthritis have helped to demonstrate the novel mode of action of BiP in which the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are dissociated. The three murine models to be discussed each show BiP induced long-term therapeutic protection and therefore has potential for long-lasting drug-free therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Notch functions in developmental and tumour angiogenesis by diverse mechanisms1
Authors: Kangsamaksin Thaned , Tattersall Ian W. , Kitajewski Jan 
Published: November 2014

The Notch signalling pathway is a key regulator of developmental and tumour angiogenesis. Inhibition of Delta-like 4 (Dll4)-mediated Notch signalling results in hyper-sprouting, demonstrating that Notch regulates tip-stalk cell identity in developing tissues and tumours. Paradoxically, Dll4 blockade leads to reduced tumour growth because the newly growing vessels are poorly perfused. To explore the potential for targeting Notch, we developed Notch inhibitors, termed the Notch1 decoys. A Notch1 decoy variant containing all 36 epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats of the extracellular domain of rat Notch1 has been shown to inhibit both Dll and Jagged class Notch ligands. Thus this Notch1 decoy functions differently than Dll4-specific blockade, although it has the potential to inhibit Dll4 activity. Expression of the Notch1 decoy in mice disrupted tumour angiogenesis and inhibited tumour growth. To understand the mechanism by which Notch blockade acts, it is important to note that Notch can function in multiple cell types that make up the vasculature, including endothelial cells and perivascular cells. We investigated Notch function in retinal microglia and determined how myeloid-expressed Notch can influence macrophages and angiogenesis. We found that myeloid-specific loss of Notch1 reduced microglia recruitment and led to improper microglia localization during retinal angiogenesis. Thus either pharmacological inhibition of Notch signalling or genetic deficiencies of Notch function in microglia leads to abnormal angiogenesis.
Split for the cure: VEGF, PDGF-BB and intussusception in therapeutic angiogenesis
Authors: Gianni-Barrera Roberto , Bartolomeo Mariateresa , Vollmar Brigitte , Djonov Valentin , Banfi Andrea 
Published: November 2014

Therapeutic angiogenesis is an attractive strategy to treat patients suffering from ischaemic conditions and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) is the master regulator of blood vessel growth. However, VEGF can induce either normal or aberrant angiogenesis depending on its dose localized in the microenvironment around each producing cell in vivo and on the balanced stimulation of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) signalling, responsible for pericyte recruitment. At the doses required to induce therapeutic benefit, VEGF causes new vascular growth essentially without sprouting, but rather through the alternative process of intussusception, or vascular splitting. In the present article, we briefly review the therapeutic implications of controlling VEGF dose on one hand and pericyte recruitment on the other, as well as the key features of intussusceptive angiogenesis and its regulation.
The role of ERK5 in endothelial cell function
Authors: Nithianandarajah-Jones Gopika N. , Wilm Bettina , Goldring Christopher E.P. , Müller Jürgen , Cross Michael J. 
Published: November 2014

Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), also termed big MAPK1 (BMK1), is the most recently discovered member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. It is expressed in a variety of tissues and is activated by a range of growth factors, cytokines and cellular stresses. Targeted deletion of Erk5 in mice has revealed that the ERK5 signalling cascade is critical for normal cardiovascular development and vascular integrity. In vitro studies have revealed that, in endothelial cells, ERK5 is required for preventing apoptosis, mediating shear-stress signalling and regulating tumour angiogenesis. The present review focuses on our current understanding of the role of ERK5 in regulating endothelial cell function.