bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Part V. A Graffito from the Perseia Area
Authors: Woodhead A. G. 
Published: October 2013

A visitor to Mycenae, perhaps in the middle or later part of the fourth century B.C., has left a record of his presence there in the form of a neatly-cut graffito written diagonally across a block of marble, probably a threshold found built into a wall near the Perseia fountain-house. The letters individually are well formed: they appear to diminish in size as the name progresses, but in fact do not do so: the deception may be due to a gradual rise from the horizontal line of the first three or four letters, plus a narrowing horizontal spacing. The cutting is broad and shallow, the name having, as it seems, been gouged out with some bluntish instrument measuring about 0·004 m. in width. Height of letters c. 0·03 m. Photograph (Fig.) from a squeeze now in the collection of the Museum of Classical Archaeology, Cambridge.The name is ordinary enough, For Athenian examples see Kirchner, PA 5900–11, Hesperia, Indices s.v. etc. The best-known holder of it, not there quoted, was the potter of the late sixth century (Beazley, ARV 16, 34, 38). From the Argolid only one instance is quoted (IG IV 616.17), and that uncertain.
Thucydides as Archaeologist
Authors: Cook R. M. 
Published: October 2013

In i.1–21 Thucydides gives a brief interpretation of early Greek history. This is important not only for the critical standard of its author, but also because in ten instances he says what his evidence is. Twice his evidence is archaeological. The two passages deserve careful study.Mycenae had been destroyed by the Argives in the 460's and was deserted till the third century B.C. Thanks to modern archaeologists and Pausanias we can form some idea of what was to be seen in the time of Thucydides. Much of the Bronze Age wall, including the Lion Gate, should have been above ground; it was anyhow visible to Pausanias, and before him the Hellenistic fortifiers had made use of it. Some of the tholos tombs were open, to judge by finds made in their excavation and by Pausanias's mention of ‘underground treasuries of Atreus and his sons’. Of the Bronze Age palace and houses nothing was left above ground, so the stratification suggests. But the ruins of the city demolished in the 460's must still have survived, and its sanctuaries may have been intact; it would have been natural enough for the Argives to spare them, and there is some positive evidence that the temple on the summit of Mycenae and the sanctuary near the fountain house outside the Lion Gate were both kept in repair and that the Agamemnoneion over half a mile to the south was still visited.
A Chian Wine-Measure
Authors: Forrest W. G. 
Published: October 2013

Among the Chian inscriptions collected by G. Zolotas and published by his daughter Mme Sarou in ᾿Αθηνᾶ xx (1908) 113–281 there are a few for which Zolotas relied on readings supplied by correspondents who were less careful epigraphists than himself. One of these has now appeared in Chios Museum and deserves republication.Chios Museum (from Aplotaria in Chios town). No inv. no. Block of blue-grey Chian marble, broken off on right and bottom left. Inscribed on front face. On the top (left) a circular cavity, with raised rim, tapering downwards to a small drainage hole, and (right) a similar but larger cavity of which only a small section is preserved. The inner surface of both is carefully dressed.
Dementia Care Knowledge Sharing within a First Nations Community
Authors: Forbes Dorothy , Blake Catherine , Thiessen Emily , Finkelstein Sara , Gibson Maggie , Morgan Debra G. , Markle-Reid Maureen , Culum Ivan 
Published: October 2013

RÉSUMÉCet article discute l’échantillon d’une étude des Premières Nations plus vaste sur les décisions de soins de la démence et le partage des connaissances. L’objectif de cette étude est de mieux comprendre le processus de partage des connaissances entre les praticiens de la santé (PS), les partenaires de soins, et les personnes atteintes de démence (PAD) au sein d’une communauté rurale des Premières Nations. Une méthodologie de la théorie constructiviste ancrée a été utilisée. Dix-neuf entrevues ont ete menées à trois reprises avec deux réseaux de soins de la démence qui comprenait deux PAD, trois partenaires de soins, et deux PS. Un modèle, “Partage des connaissances sur les soins de la démence,” a été conçue, centrée sur les PAD et leurs partenaires de soins. Trois grands thèmes du partage des connaissances sont representées dans le modèle: (1) le développement des relations de confiance, (2) l’accès et l’adaptation aux informations, et (3) application des informations. Des approches sensibles à la culture sont essentiels pour le développement des relations de confiance. Une fois que les relations ont été développées, le partage des connaissances grâce à l’accès, l’adaptation et l’application des informations est devenu possible.
The Relation of Linguistic Awareness and Vocabulary to Word Reading and Spelling for First-Grade Students Participating in Response to Intervention
Authors: Kim Young-Suk , Apel Kenn , Al Otaiba Stephanie 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
The relations of phonological, orthographic, and morphological awareness and vocabulary to word reading and spelling were examined for 304 first-grade children who were receiving differentiated instruction in a Response to Intervention (RtI) model of instruction.

Method
First-grade children were assessed on their phonological, orthographic, and morphological awareness; expressive vocabulary; word reading; and spelling. Year-end word reading and spelling were outcome variables, and phonological, orthographic, and morphological awareness; expressive vocabulary; and RtI status (Tiers 1, 2, & 3) were predictor variables.

Results
The 3 linguistic awareness skills were unique predictors of word reading, and phonological and orthographic awareness were unique predictors of spelling. The contributions that these linguistic awareness skills and vocabulary made to word reading and spelling did not differ by children's RtI tier status.

Conclusion
These results, in conjunction with previous studies, suggest that even beginning readers and spellers draw on multiple linguistic awareness skills for their word reading and spelling regardless of their level of literacy abilities. Educational implications are discussed.
Concepts relating magnetic interactions, intertwined electronic orders, and strongly correlated superconductivity
Authors: Davis J. C. Séamus , Lee Dung-Hai 
Published: October 2013

Significance
This study describes a unified theory explaining the rich ordering phenomena, each associated with a different symmetry breaking, that often accompany high-temperature superconductivity. The essence of this theory is an ”antiferromagnetic interaction,” the interaction that favors the development of magnetic order where the magnetic moments reverse direction from one crystal unit cell to the next. We apply this theory to explain the superconductivity, as well as all observed accompanying ordering phenomena in the copper-oxide superconductors, the iron-based superconductors, and the heavy fermion superconductors.
Evolutionary etiology of high-grade astrocytomas
Authors: Song Yurong , Zhang Qian , Kutlu Burak , Difilippantonio Simone , Bash Ryan , Gilbert Debra , Yin Chaoying , O’Sullivan T. Norene , Yang Chunyu , Kozlov Serguei , Bullitt Elizabeth , McCarthy Ken D. , Kafri Tal , Louis David N. , Miller C. Ryan , Hood Leroy , Van Dyke Terry 
Published: October 2013

Significance
High-grade astrocytomas (HGAs), including glioblastomas (GBMs), are the most common human brain tumors, and they remain fatal with no effective treatment. The most prevalent form, primary GBM, presents clinically as advanced disease, thus providing no access to or understanding of early stages. We report a comprehensive study in the mouse that establishes causal relationships and an evolutionary etiology in HGA development. Events yielding disease, both engineered and spontaneous, indicate grade-specific roles culminating in the development of GBMs with characteristics of primary GBMs, including molecular alignment with the mesenchymal subclass, asymptomatic early disease, and rapid emergence of high-grade aggressive cancer. These genetically engineered models provide a path to basic understanding of disease etiology and a window into diagnostic and therapeutic discovery.
Effect of Propofol on Anal Sphincter Pressure During Anorectal Manometry
Authors: Tran Khoa , Kuo Brad , Zibaitis Audrius , Bhattacharya Somaletha , Cote Charles , Belkind‐Gerson Jaime 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTWe evaluated the effect of propofol on resting anal sphincter pressure (RP) during anorectal manometry performed under general anesthesia in 20 children with chronic constipation. After propofol bolus administration, there was a significant decrease in the RP in 95% of children from a mean of 51.5 ± 15.3 to a mean nadir of 21.7 ± 10.5 mmHg (P < 0.001). The new postpropofol RP of 47.0 ± 12.4 mmHg was significantly lower compared with prepropofol RP (P < 0.0001). Propofol should be used with caution as an anesthetic agent for anorectal manometry, given the potential for confounding RP measurements.
Appropriateness of Newborn Screening for α1‐Antitrypsin Deficiency
Authors: Teckman Jeffrey , Pardee Erin , Howell R. Rodney , Mannino David , Sharp Richard R. , Brantly Mark , Wanner Adam , Lamson Jamie ,   Alpha‐1 Foundation Workshop Attendees
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:The Alpha‐1 Foundation convened a workshop to consider the appropriateness of newborn screening for α‐1‐antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency.Methods:A review of natural history and technical data was conducted.Results:Homozygous ZZ AAT deficiency is a common genetic disease occurring in 1 in 2000 to 3500 births; however, it is underrecognized and most patients are undiagnosed. AAT deficiency can cause chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver failure in children and adults, and lung disease in adults. The clinical course is highly variable. Some neonates present with cholestatic hepatitis and some children require liver transplantation, but many patients remain well into adulthood. Some adults develop emphysema. There is no treatment for AAT liver disease, other than supportive care and liver transplant. There are no data on the effect of early diagnosis on liver disease. Avoidance of smoking is of proven benefit to reduce future lung disease, as is protein replacement therapy. Justifying newborn screening with the aim of reducing smoking and reducing adult lung disease‐years in the future would be a significant paradigm shift for the screening field. Recent passage of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) and the Affordable Care Act may have a major effect on reducing the psychosocial and financial risks of newborn screening because many asymptomatic children would be identified. Data on the risk–benefit ratio of screening in the new legal climate are lacking.Conclusions:Workshop participants recommended a series of pilot studies focused on generating new data on the risks and benefits of newborn screening.
MRI‐Based Score Helps in Assessing the Severity and in Follow‐up of Pediatric Patients With Perianal Crohn Disease
Authors: Kulkarni Sakil , Gomara Roberto , Reeves‐Garcia Jesse , Hernandez Erick , Restrepo Ricardo 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:The radiologic healing of perianal fistulizing Crohn disease (PfCD) lags behind the clinical healing. Contrast‐enhanced pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the radiologic study of choice used to diagnose PfCD in children. The aim was to study whether the various MRI‐based radiologic parameters and score can help in staging and follow‐up of patients with PfCD.Methods:We performed a retrospective chart review of children with PfCD who underwent contrast‐enhanced MRI of the pelvis. The demographic profile, clinical status, and laboratory data of the patients at the time of each MRI examination were noted. Based on the clinical status of the patient at the time of MRI examinations, the MRIs were classified into 3 groups: severe disease, mild‐to‐moderate disease, and asymptomatic. Each MRI examination was reviewed by a radiologist, who was blinded to the clinical status of the patient.Results:Of the radiologic parameters, the number of fistulas, the complexity of fistulas, and the number of abscesses were significantly lower in the asymptomatic group compared with the mild‐to‐moderate and severe disease groups. The Van Assche MRI‐based score was significantly lower in the asymptomatic group compared with the mild‐to‐moderate disease (P = 0.01) and the severe disease group (P = 0.002). The percentage increase in fistula activity after gadolinium administration was significantly lower in the asymptomatic group compared with the mild‐to‐moderate disease (P = 0.026) and severe disease (P = 0.019) groups. The MRI‐based scores were significantly higher in the MRI examinations performed at diagnosis compared with those that were performed while the patients were receiving the treatment (P = 0.017).Conclusions:The Van Assche MRI score and the percentage increase in fistula activity after gadolinium administration help in assessing the severity perianal Crohn disease. The Van Assche MRI score may be helpful in documenting healing during therapy of perianal Crohn disease.
Relationship between building floor and construction labor productivity
Authors: D. Nguyen Long , T. Nguyen Hung 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between building floor and labor productivity of the structural work including formwork installation and rebar fabrication/installation.

Design/methodology/approach
– The case study methodology and learning curve theory are adopted for the paper. Records from the structural work of a 20-storey apartment building were analyzed to calculate floor-based labor productivities.

Findings
– Labor productivity of the formwork activity increased more than twice in the first five floors. If the first cycle (floor 2) is omitted, the straight-line learning curve model shows a learning rate of 83.5 percent. Labor productivity of the rebar activity tended to increase in the first 15 floors. If the first two cycles are omitted, the straight-line learning curve model indicates a learning rate of 83.6 percent.

Research limitations/implications
– Future research is needed to examine and quantify factors that affect the level of learning in high-rise building construction. The relationship between building floor and labor productivity should be further investigated for other construction activities.

Practical implications
– Practitioners should consider the relationship between building floor and labor productivity and learning effects when planning manpower and construction duration for individual activities and for a building.

Originality/value
– The paper substantiates the hypothesis that labor productivity does not reach 100 percent of the normal level at the very first floors while they do not support the hypothesis that labor productivity does not reach 100 percent at the top floors.
Using control systems to improve construction project outcomes
Authors: Yean Yng Ling Florence , Theng Ang Wan 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify control systems that give rise to better construction project performance; and develop and test project performance predictive models based on control systems adopted in the project.

Design/methodology/approach
– Research design was questionnaire survey. Data were collected via Electronic mails. The sampling frame was Singapore-based construction firms.

Findings
– In all, 16 control mechanisms are significantly correlated with project outcomes. The more important control mechanisms are: adequacy of project information to develop the project schedule; adequacy of float in the schedule; and quality of techniques used to support risk identification. Two relatively robust predictive models were constructed and validated to predict schedule and quality outcomes of construction projects. Schedule performance may be predicted by adequacy of float and stringency of criteria to select suppliers. Quality outcome is most significantly affected by competency of quality manager, rather than the hard systems adopted in the project.

Research limitations/implications
– The limitations include low response rate, and subjective nature of the five-point Likert scale used to rate project outcomes and extent to which control mechanisms were adopted in the project.

Practical implications
– The implication of the findings is that merely having good project management practices and adequate resources are not sufficient to achieve good project outcomes. Instead, construction projects need to have control systems in place, as they play an important role in project outcomes.

Originality/value
– The paper has shown empirically that control systems affect project outcomes. They are needed not just to control the project, but also help the project to achieve good outcomes. The research designed and tested two relatively robust models to predict schedule and quality outcomes of a project. These models may be used to make an initial assessment of the project's likely outcome, based on the control systems that contractors are going to adopt.
Why do work sampling studies in construction? The case of plumbing work in Scandinavia
Authors: Josephson Per-Erik , Björkman Lasse 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify reasons for doing work sampling studies in processes performed by temporary organisations. Specific questions consider if the technique can be used for measuring productivity and if it can be used to compare performances over time.

Design/methodology/approach
– A work sampling study of plumbing work in eight construction projects is compared with a similar study performed 20 years earlier. Interviews are made in order to find out how the work conditions have developed over time.

Findings
– Work sampling studies are of little value for measuring productivity as well as for comparing performances over time. One reason is that the conditions vary to a high extent from one situation to another. Another reason is that working conditions undergo significant development over time. On the other hand, the authors experience that data from work sampling studies are of high relevance for discussions on improvement opportunities among workers as well as among corporate managers.

Originality/value
– The paper builds on detailed direct observations of plumbing work.
Dialogic listening: toward an embodied understanding of how to “go on” during fieldwork
Authors: Helin Jenny 
Published: October 2013

Purpose– In recognizing that we have different modes of listening, just as there are different ways of talking, the purpose of this paper is to explore how a greater awareness of listening can be a resource during fieldwork.Design/methodology/approach– The paper uses a collaborative study of a family business as a starting point and focusses on a meeting held in the owner family where emotional issues concerning conflicts were discussed. Detailed illustrations from this two-hour meeting show how listening guided all participants, including the author in her role as a researcher.Findings– Based on Bakhtin's work on dialogue as well as literature on listening the notion of “dialogic listening” is developed. This notion emphasizes four dimensions of listening: relationality and conversations as a shared activity, listening as an active process, the polyphonic nature of listening, and listening as an embodied activity. The paper illustrates how dialogic listening can create a feeling of an “us” where we can “listen into” things. “Listening into” involves a prospective way of exploring which can offer a feeling for that which we bodily “know” but do yet not understand cognitively.Originality/value– The focus on listening makes it possible to explore new research practices in that it suggests an orientation toward language that does not depart from talk but rather emphasizes how the embodied and intertwined nature of relating to one another can guide and direct us during field studies.
Expression analysis of ovostatin 2 reveals its involvement in proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: Huang Ying‐Xue , Qi Jinliang , Wang Hong‐Sheng , Shao Xue‐Bao , Zeng Xue‐Si , Li A‐Mei , Xu Xiu‐Lian , Sun Jian‐Fang 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe relationship of ovostatin 2 (OVOS2) expression with the clinicopathological features of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) was investigated to identify OVOS2 expression in cutaneous melanocytic lesions, and to reveal whether OVOS2 has a function in melanoma progression. Eight specimens of CMM and paracancerous tissue were analyzed using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot for the mRNA and protein expression of OVOS2, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 52 CMM and 62 nevi, followed by clinicopathological significance analysis. The proliferative cells were visualized by staining with Ki‐67 antibody. The intensity of angiogenesis was assessed by staining with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Real‐time PCR and western blot analyses showed that OVOS2 was significantly upregulated in cutaneous melanoma than in paired normal skins. Immunohistochemistry showed that 86.5% (45/52) of malignant cases showed OVOS2 cytoplasmic expression compared with 29% (18/62) in benign nevi. OVOS2 expression was significantly higher in invasive and metastatic melanoma than in in situ melanoma (P < 0.01). Furthermore, OVOS2 expression was positively correlated with the known prognostic variables of melanoma including clinical stage, Clark level and Breslow depth. It was also significantly associated with ulcer status, Ki‐67 labeling index and VEGF expression in primary melanoma. OVOS2 expression was significantly increased in CMM, which increased incrementally from benign nevi to melanoma and appeared to be involved in the progression of melanoma.
Unveiling abundance and distribution of planktonic Bacteria and Archaea in a polynya in Amundsen Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Kim Jong‐Geol , Park Soo‐Je , Quan Zhe‐Xue , Jung Man‐Young , Cha In‐Tae , Kim So‐Jeong , Kim Kyoung‐Ho , Yang Eun‐Jin , Kim Young‐Nam , Lee Sang‐Hoon , Rhee Sung‐Keun 
Published: October 2013

SummaryPolynyas, areas of open water surrounded by sea ice, are sites of intense primary production and ecological hotspots in the Antarctic Ocean. This study determined the spatial variation in communities of prokaryotes in a polynya in the Amundsen Sea using 454 pyrosequencing technology, and the results were compared with biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The bacterial abundance was correlated with that of phytoplankton, Phaeocystis spp. and diatoms. A cluster analysis indicated that the bacterial communities in the surface waters of the polynya were distinct from those under the sea ice. Overall, two bacterial clades, Polaribacter (20–64%) and uncultivated Oceanospirillaceae (7–34%), dominated the surface water in the polynya while the Pelagibacter clade was abundant at all depths (7–42%). The archaeal communities were not as diverse as the bacterial communities in the polynya, and marine group I was dominant (> 80%). Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that the oceanographic properties facilitated the development of distinct prokaryotic assemblages in the polynya. This analysis of the diversity and composition of the psychrophilic prokaryotes associated with high phytoplankton production provides new insights into the roles of prokaryotes in biogeochemical cycles in high‐latitude polynyas.