bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target mechanisms of mindfulness-based programmes and practices: a scoping review
Authors: Maloney Shannon , Kock Merle , Slaghekke Yasmijn , Radley Lucy , Lopez-Montoyo Alba , Montero-Marin Jesus , Kuyken Willem 
Published: August 2024

QuestionMindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) and practices have demonstrated effects in mental health and well-being, yet questions regarding the target mechanisms that drive change across the population remain unresolved.Study selection and analysisFive databases were searched for randomised controlled trials that evaluate the indirect effects (IEs) of an MBP or mindfulness practice in relation to mental health and well-being outcomes through psychological mechanisms.Findings27 eligible studies were identified, with only four exploring mechanisms in the context of specific mindfulness practices. Significant IEs were reported for mindfulness skills, decentering and attitudes of mindfulness (eg, self-compassion) across different outcomes, population samples, mental health strategies and active comparators. Evidence gap maps and requirements for testing and reporting IEs are provided to help guide future work.ConclusionsMindfulness skills, decentering and attitudes of mindfulness may be key intervention targets for addressing the mental health of whole populations. However, future work needs to address significant knowledge gaps regarding the evidence for alternative mechanisms (eg, attention and awareness) in relation to unique outcomes (eg, well-being), mental health strategies (ie, promotion) and active comparators. High-quality trials, with powered multivariate mediation analyses that meet key requirements, will be needed to advance this area of work.Trial registration number10.17605/OSF.IO/NY2AH.
Professional perspectives on facilitators and barriers for high quality provision of health, education and social care services to disabled children in England during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
Authors: Merrick Hannah , Driver Helen , Main Chloe , Potts Lily , Russell Siân , Exley Catherine , Allard Amanda , Morris Christopher , Parr Jeremy R , Pennington Lindsay 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo understand how health, education and social care services for disabled children changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, what did or did not work well and what the impacts of service changes were on both professionals and families.DesignQualitative study using semistructured interviews.SettingTelephone and video call interviews and focus groups with professionals working in one of five local authority areas in England.Participants78 health, education and social care professionals working with children in one of five local authority areas in England.ResultsThere was a significant disruption to services and reduced contact with families during the early stages of the pandemic; nevertheless, professionals were able to reflect on innovative ways they interacted with and sought to support and maintain health, education and social care provision to disabled children and their families. As waitlists have substantially increased, this and the longevity of the pandemic were perceived to have had negative consequences for staff health and well-being, the health and psychosocial outcomes of children and young people, and their parent carers.ConclusionsKey learning from this study for service recovery and planning for future emergencies is the need to be able to identify disabled children, classify their level of need and risk, assess the impact of loss of services and maintain clear communication across services to meet the needs of disabled children. Finally, services need to work collaboratively with families to develop child-centred care to strengthen resilience during service disruption.
Case for improving respectful care: results from a cross-sectional survey of person-centred maternity care in rural South Africa
Authors: Doherty Tanya , Horwood Christiane , Mapumulo Sphindile , Haskins Lyn , Manda Samuel , Penn-Kekana Loveday , Luthuli Silondile , Filippi Veronique 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDespite a supportive policy environment, little attention has been paid to how to operationalise respectful maternity care in South Africa. This research provides a quantitative, baseline measure of women’s perceptions of person-centred maternity care (PCMC) to identify areas of focus for a participatory intervention with maternity teams.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional survey of postpartum women within 9 weeks postdelivery in two rural districts of KwaZulu-Natal. 908 postpartum women were recruited from postnatal clinics and neonatal units in the district hospitals. The primary outcome was PCMC measured on 30 items with a 4-point Likert scale (0–3). Mixed-effects linear regression analysis was used to identify predictor variables that were significantly associated with PCMC.ResultsThe mean PCMC score was 55.5 (SD 13.6) out of 90 and was significantly higher for women who had caesarean deliveries compared with vaginal births (58.0 (SD 12.8) and 54.5 (SD 13.7), respectively). Around one-fifth of women reported verbal abuse at least once. Over half of women felt that their health information would be kept confidential all of the time, less than 15% of women were allowed to have a companion with them during labour or delivery and less than half of women felt they could completely trust their providers all of the time. Attending eight or more antenatal visits, having a caesarean delivery, being in the age group 30–45 and being in the middle wealth quintile were independently associated with a higher PCMC score while delivering at night was associated with a lower score.ConclusionWomen attending rural health facilities experience disrespect and lack of trust in an environment where they have little involvement in decisions about their care and feel unable to ask questions of their providers. These findings support the need for interventions addressing organisational cultures that allow disrespect within maternity units.
Climate change and sexual and reproductive health and rights research in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Authors: Arunda Malachi Ochieng , Sorcher Rachael , Canabarro Ana Paula Finatto , Svallfors Signe , Endler Margit , Gemzell-Danielsson Kristina , Kågesten Anna , Ali Moazzam , Bahamondes Luis , Barreix María , Chou Doris , Gonsalves Lianne , Johnston Heidi Bart , Kiarie James , Kim Caron Rahn , Narasimhan Manjulaa , Pallitto Christina , Shah Mehr Gul , Say Lale , Thorson Anna , Ekström Anna Mia , Larsson Elin C , Brizuela Vanessa 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to provide an overview of the research landscape and to identify research gaps linking climate change events and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the negative impacts of climate change are most severe.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review to map research studies that link climate change events or factors and SRHR aspects in LMICs. We performed a structured literature search across six databases to identify relevant peer-reviewed publications between January 1994 and 6 September 2023. The literature search yielded 14 674 peer-reviewed articles. After screening, 75 articles were included, spanning 99 countries across the globe.ResultsClimate change events such as extreme temperatures, drought, rainfall shocks, cyclones and floods were found to be associated with negative maternal and newborn health outcomes ranging from reduced or low birth weight, preterm births and low Apgar scores, to lack of pregnancy care, pregnancy complications, stillbirths, and newborn and maternal deaths. Associations were also found between climate-related events and increased gender-based violence and HIV prevalence, as well as fertility decisions and harmful practices such as female genital mutilations and early and forced marriages. About two-thirds (48/75) of the articles were from the African or Western Pacific regions. The main research gaps on climate change-related events and SRHR included abortion, reproductive cancers and contraception use.ConclusionComplementing existing evidence with targeted research to fill these knowledge gaps could enhance mitigation programmes and policies.
Informing creation of the FEEDS Toolkit to support parent-delivered interventions for eating, drinking and swallowing difficulties in young children with neurodisability: intervention use by neurodevelopmental diagnosis and healthcare professional role
Authors: Shaw Emogene , Pennington Lindsay , Andrew Morag , Taylor Helen , Cadwgan Jill , Sellers Diane , Morris Christopher , Garland Deborah , Parr Jeremy 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe FEEDS (Focus on Early Eating, Drinking and Swallowing) study focused on interventions used to improve feeding for children with neurodisability and eating, drinking and swallowing difficulties (EDSD), and the outcomes viewed as important by healthcare professionals (HPs) and parent carers. The FEEDS Toolkit was created subsequently as an intervention decision aid to be used collaboratively by parent carers and HPs. This study aimed to inform on current intervention practices and influence toolkit design by ascertaining whether specific intervention use varied by a child’s main diagnosis and by specific HP role.MethodsFEEDS survey data were grouped by child’s main diagnosis and HP role. Main diagnoses included autism spectrum disorder (ASD) n=183; Down syndrome (DS) n=69; cerebral palsy (CP) n=30). HPs included were speech and language therapists (SLT) n=131; occupational therapists (OT) n=63; physiotherapists (PT) n=57; paediatricians n=50; dieticians n=40; nurses n=32 and health visitors n=14.ResultsMost interventions were used commonly across diagnoses. However, some interventions were used more commonly with specific conditions, for example, positioning (CP 85%, DS 70%, ASD 23%, strategies/programmes aimed at changing behaviour at mealtimes (ASD 52%, CP 8%, DS 11%); visual supports (ASD 58%, CP 0%, DS 21%). HPs reported using a broad range of interventions, SLTs (mean=13.9), dieticians (12.3), OTs (12.7) and paediatricians (11.1). There was overlap between intervention use and HP role, for example, positioning (100% PT, 97% SLT, 94% OT, 73% paediatricians and 69% nurses).ConclusionsInterdisciplinary working is common when managing EDSD, with all HP types using multiple interventions. A child’s main diagnosis does not substantially influence intervention use, and the individual context of each child requires consideration in intervention selection. Study findings have supported development of the FEEDS Toolkit for use in feeding services.
Alignment of contraception use with the ACR reproductive health guidelines in women with systemic lupus erythematosus within the RISE registry
Authors: Clowse Megan E B , Li Jing , Snyderman Amanda , Schmajuk Gabriela 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesContraception is crucial for safely timing pregnancies in patients with SLE. This study investigated predictors of contraception documentation in patients with SLE, and the alignment of contraception practices with the 2020 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines, within the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) registry.Materials and methodsFemale patients (aged 18–44 years) with SLE were identified via International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9/ICD-10 coding within the RISE registry, which includes data from rheumatology clinics across the USA. Eligible patients were required to have ≥1 clinical visit in 2019 (prepandemic) or between 1 April 2020 and 30 March 2021 (mid-pandemic). Adjusted multilevel logistic modelling assessed patient, provider and practice characteristics for associations with contraception documentation. Contraception patterns were identified and compared with the 2020 ACR guidelines.ResultsContraception documentation rates were similar in the prepandemic and mid-pandemic groups (8.1% and 8.5%, respectively). Higher documentation rates were found in women who were younger, White, and had more visits, as well as those seen within a health system, by a female provider, and within specific regions and electronic health record (EHR) systems. Prescription of a teratogenic medication did not influence contraception documentation or type. Oestrogen-containing contraceptives were prescribed less often to women at high risk for thrombosis (26.2% with thrombotic risk vs 60.6% without, p<0.0001) and history of lupus nephritis (LN) (53.8% with history of LN vs 63.2% without, p=0.024).ConclusionsPractices participating in the RISE registry do not currently record contraception in the large majority of women with SLE, although increased documentation in some EHRs suggests that system changes may improve rates of documentation. Women at higher risk for thrombosis were less likely to receive oestrogen, suggesting that warnings against oestrogen use has impacted contraception prescription, although the limited documentation and limited contraception among women taking teratogenic medications suggest a high unmet need.
Rotating black holes in a viable Lorentz-violating gravity: finding exact solutions without tears
Authors: Devecioğlu Deniz O. , Park Mu-In 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe introduce a two-step procedure for finding Kerr-type rotating black hole solutions without tears. Considering the low-energy sector of Hořava gravity as a viable Lorentz-violating gravity in four dimensions which admits a different speed of gravity, we find the exact rotating black hole solutions (with or without cosmological constant). We find that the singular region extends to $$r<0$$

r
<
0

region from the ring singularity at $$r=0$$

r
=
0

in Boyer–Lindquist coordinates. There are two Killing horizons where $$g^{rr}=0$$

g

rr

=
0

and the black hole thermodynamics laws are still valid. We find the rotating black hole solutions with electromagnetic charges only when we consider the noble electromagnetic couplings, in such a way that the speed of light is the same as the speed of gravity. With the noble choice of couplings, our Lorentz-violating gravity can be consistent with the recently-observed time delay of the coincident GW and GRB signals. Furthermore, in Appendices, we show that (a) the uniqueness of the invariant line element $$ds^2$$

d

s
2

under the foliation-preserving diffeomorphism $${ Diff}_\mathcal{F}$$

Diff

F

, contrary to Lorentz-violating action, (b) the solutions are the Petrov type I with four distinct principal null vectors, and (c) the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the geodesic particles are not separable.
The Effect of Stress Ball on Anxiety and Pain Levels in Angiography: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yüksel Dilan , Güneş Dilek 
Published: August 2024

Background: Coronary angiography, an invasive diagnostic procedure, often induces pain and anxiety in patients. Despite the potential for alleviating discomfort, the use of stress balls as a nonpharmacological intervention during angiography remains underexplored.Objective: This study is aimed at investigating the impact of stress ball application on pain and anxiety levels in patients undergoing angiography.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on adult patients undergoing angiography at a Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic in Eastern Turkey between January 2023 and June 2023. A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to receive stress ball application in addition to routine care. Data collection utilized the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Patient Information Form, and State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).Results: Analysis revealed a significantly lower increase in mean NRS posttest scores among patients in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the mean STAI posttest score demonstrated a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the experimental group. A positive and significant correlation was observed between the mean NRS and STAI posttest scores among study group patients (p < 0.05), indicating a reduction in anxiety levels with decreasing pain.Conclusion: The application of stress balls during angiography was associated with decreased anxiety and pain levels in patients. Stress ball intervention may serve as a beneficial adjunct to pharmacological treatments. This study underscores the potential of nonpharmacological interventions in enhancing patient comfort during invasive procedures.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06131606 (http://clinicaltrials.gov).
Activation of Cell-Intrinsic Signaling in CAR-T Cells via a Chimeric IL7R Domain
Authors: Vorri Stamatia C. , Holl Natalie J. , Leeming Michael , Apostolova Petya , Marple Andrew , Ravich Jonas W. , Canbaz Ata , Rahnama Ruyan , Choe Jun , Modi Arjun , Fearnow Adam D. , Walsh Scott T.R. , Pearce Erika L. , Varadhan Ravi , Bonifant Challice L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells can effectively treat leukemias, but sustained antitumor responses can be hindered by a lack of CAR T-cell persistence. Cytotoxic effector T cells are short-lived, and establishment of CAR-T cells with memory to ensure immune surveillance is important. Memory T cells depend on cytokine support, with IL7 activation of the IL7 receptor (IL7R) being critical. However, IL7R surface expression is negatively regulated by exposure to IL7. We aimed to support CAR T-cell persistence by equipping CAR-T cells with a sustained IL7Rα signal. We engineered T cells to constitutively secrete IL7 or to express an anti–acute myeloid leukemia–targeted IL7Rα–chimeric cytokine receptor (CCR) and characterized the phenotype of these cell types. Canonical downstream signaling was activated in CCR-T cells with IL7R activation. When coexpressed with a cytotoxic CAR, functionality of both the CCR and CAR was maintained. We designed hybrid CAR–CCR and noted membrane proximity of the intracellular domains as vital for signaling. These data show cell-intrinsic cytokine support with canonical signaling, and functionality can be provided via expression of an IL7Rα domain whether independently expressed or incorporated into a cytotoxic CAR for use in anticancer therapy.

Significance:
To improve the phenotype of tumor-directed T-cell therapy, we show that provision of cell-intrinsic IL7R-mediated signaling is preferable to activation of cells with exogenous IL7. We engineer this signaling via independent receptor engineering and incorporation into a CAR and validate maintained antigen-specific cytotoxic activity.
The Danggit Processing Livelihood Project in Prieto Diaz, Sorsogon, A Fish CORAL Project in Gulf Albay
Authors: De Leon Ramon T. 
Published: August 2024

The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) rolled-out the Dangit Processing Livelihood FishCORALProject for the fishers’ organization in Prieto Diaz, Sorsogon in mid 2019 funded by UN-IFAD. Designed to help reduce poverty through increased household income, women participation and project sustainability. This study looked into the relevance, effectiveness and efficiency of implementation and readiness in attaining project objectives. The study is mixed descriptive method and used semi-structured questionnaire, key informants interview, FGD and secondary data analysis. The project was found relevant but poor in coordination and involvement of other stakeholders. Effective but failed to contribute to poverty reduction due to late implementation, no comprehensive project plans and technical support. Inefficient as it failed to translate resources it to incomes and sustained operations. The community organizationsare not ready and capable (lack technical and business management skills). The local resources (danggit, people and community organization) guarantee sustainability if managed appropriately. Women empowerment is hardly achieved. Recommendations;1) Develop project sustainability plan (technical and business facets of theproject), capacitate the organization along leadership and business management. 2) Bio-ecological data be produced on danggit stock to fine tune harvesting and regenerative capacity to ensure sustainability of supply. 3) Technical support provision coming from BFAR, LGU, academe, DTI, DOST, NLRC, NGOs in the form of product development, value adding, branding & packaging, business management, access to funds, assigning a full-time community facilitator as priority. Responsibilities and commitments of BFAR, LGU and the beneficiary be concretized through a memorandum of cooperation.
Mental Health Program Implementation of Local Universities and Colleges (LUCs) in Zambales: Basis for Action Plan Development
Authors: Ebro Eric DS. , Mantillas Christopher C. 
Published: August 2024

The local universities and colleges (LUCs) in the Philippines crafted local policies and developed programs on mental health to prioritize the well-being of workers in accordance with the provisions of RA 11036, otherwise known as the Mental Health Act, and CSC MC 4 s. 2020, otherwise known as the Mental Health Program in the Public Sector. The study aimed to describe the extent of implementation of mental health programs (MHPs) in LUCs and explore the program implementation experiences. Using a mixed-method research design, the data were gathered through surveys among 49 school managers selected through proportional stratified random sampling from three LUCs in the province of Zambales. Results from the rating scale items indicate that the mental health programs are implemented in terms of Management, Technical Package, Partnerships, and Communication components. Moreover, the experiences of the management highlighted the themes of beneficial opportunities, management of feelings and behaviors, and engagement in appropriate programs and activities, as well as lack of budget and limited relevant programs and activities. The Action Plan serves as the study's output, addressing the areas needing improvement through doable interventions.
Response of Spring Onion (Allium fistulosum L) on the Application of Bio-Stimulant Solution
Authors: Oñal, Jr. Paulino A , Arcillas Kimberly F. , Elumba Jula T. , Andrade Francis E. , Cortez Manuel D. , Baldonebro Jessel Jane G. 
Published: August 2024

Spring Onion (Allium fistulosum), is a perennial plant and a native of Eastern Asia. It is rich in vitamins A and K, iron, calcium, and dietary fiber, which contribute to various health benefits, blood pressure and cholesterol levels and improve blood regulation. The study aims to evaluate the response of spring onion to the different levels of concentration of bio-stimulant. Around 160 spring onion plants were utilized as planting materials. Before planting, extra leaves were cut to around 3 inches and roots were trimmed off too. The study was conducted at the School of Agriculture, University of Negros Occidental–Recoletos, Philippines using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). All data gathered were statistically computed, and subjected to ANOVA using STAR 2.0.1. The experiment has four treatments: 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% BSS, respectively, and was replicated four times. Results indicate that the application of 30% BSS significantly enhances the height to 32.02cm higher by 2.09cm for those with 0% BSS at 29.93 cm only, On the number of slips, 30% BSS has a greater number of slips of 3.42 against those with 0% BSS at 2.17 slips only. Biomass accumulation is highly significant with 3,375.00kg/ha for 30% BSS higher by 1,562.50kg/ha for 0% BSS. The total yield for 30% BSS is 3,000.00kg/ha significantly higher by 1,562.50kg/ha for 0% BSS with 1,437.50kg/ha only. Based on these findings, the application of a 30% BSS is recommended to optimize some of the agronomic attributes and yield of spring onions.