bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF INFERENTIAL METHODS IN PARTIALLY IDENTIFIED MODELS IN TERMS OF ERROR IN COVERAGE PROBABILITY
Authors: Bugni Federico A. 
Published: November 2014

This paper considers the problem of coverage of the elements of the identified set in a class of partially identified econometric models with a prespecified probability. In order to conduct inference in partially identified econometric models defined by moment (in)equalities, the literature has proposed three methods: bootstrap, subsampling, and asymptotic approximation. The objective of this paper is to compare these methods in terms of the rate at which they achieve the desired coverage level, i.e., in terms of the rate at which theerror in the coverage probability(ECP) converges to zero.Under certain conditions, we show that the ECP of the bootstrap and the ECP of the asymptotic approximation converge to zero at the same rate, which is a faster rate than that of the ECP of subsampling methods. As a consequence, under these conditions, the bootstrap and the asymptotic approximation produce inference that is more precise than subsampling. A Monte Carlo simulation study confirms that these results are relevant in finite samples.
Virtually Expert: Modes of Environmental Computer Simulation Modeling
Authors: Landström Catharina , Whatmore Sarah J. 
Published: November 2014

ArgumentThis paper challenges three assumptions common in the literature on expertise: that expertise is linearly derived from scientific knowledge; that experts always align with the established institutional order; and that expertise is a property acquired by individuals. We criticize these ideas by juxtaposing three distinct expert practices involved with flood risk management in England. Virtual engineering is associated with commercial consultancy and relies on standardized software packages to assess local flood inundation. Mathematical experimentation refers to academic scientists creating new digital renderings of the physical dynamics of flooding. Participatory modeling denotes research projects that aim to transform the relationships between experts and local communities. Focusing on different modes of modeling we contribute an analysis of how particular models articulate with specific politics of knowledge as experts form relationships with flood risk management actors. Our empirical study also shows how models can contribute to re-distribution of expertise in local flood risk management.
A Dictionary without Definitions: Romanticist Science in the Production and Presentation of the Grimm Brothers’ German Dictionary, 1838–1863
Authors: Kistner Kelly 
Published: November 2014

ArgumentBetween 1838 and 1863 the Grimm brothers led a collaborative research project to create a new kind of dictionary documenting the history of the German language. They imagined the work would present a scientific account of linguistic cohesiveness and strengthen German unity. However, their dictionary volumes (most of which were arranged and written by Jacob Grimm) would be variously criticized for their idiosyncratic character and ultimately seen as a poor, and even prejudicial, piece of scholarship. This paper argues that such criticisms may reflect a misunderstanding of the dictionary. I claim it can be best understood as an artifact of romanticist science and its epistemological privileging of subjective perception coupled with a deeply-held faith in inter-subjective congruence. Thus situated, it is a rare and detailed case of Romantic ideas and ideals applied to the scientific study of social artifacts. Moreover, the dictionary's organization, reception, and legacy provide insights into the changing landscape of scientific practice in Germany, showcasing the difficulties of implementing a romanticist vision of science amidst widening gaps between the public and professionals, generalists and specialists.
A new Antarctic Peninsula glacier basin inventory and observed area changes since the 1940s
Authors: Cook A.J. , Vaughan D.G. , Luckman A.J. , Murray T. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractGlaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula have recently shown changes in extent, velocity and thickness, yet there is little quantification of change in the mass balance of individual glaciers or the processes controlling changes in extent. Here a high-resolution digital elevation model and a semi-automated drainage basin delineation method have been used to define glacier systems between 63°S–70°S on the mainland and surrounding islands, resulting in an inventory of 1590 glacier basins. Of these, 860 are marine-terminating glaciers whose ice fronts can be defined at specific epochs since the 1940s. These ice front positions were digitized up to 2010 and the areas for all individual glacier basins were calculated. Glaciological characteristics, such as geometry, slope and altitudes, were attributed to each glacier, thus providing a new resource for glacier morphological analyses. Our results indicate that 90% of the 860 glaciers have reduced in area since the earliest recorded date. A north–south gradient of increasing ice loss is clear, as is distinct behaviour on the east and west coasts. The area lost varies considerably between glacier types, with correlations apparent with glacier shape, slope and frontal-type. Temporal trends indicate a uniform retreat since the 1970s, with a period of small re-advance in the late 1990s.
Selective erosion beneath the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet during LGM retreat
Authors: Golledge Nicholas R. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn mountainous terrain, the relationship between ice sheet dynamics and basal topography is complex, with each component influencing the other. This paper investigates how the last glacial maximum Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet might have modified its bed both at maximum extent and during progressive grounding line retreat. Focussing on the Marguerite Trough Ice Stream we then examine the degree to which basal topographical conditions affected the rate of ocean-forced recession. Zones of peak subglacial erosion are preferentially located in areas of convergent flow and where horizontal strain rates are highest. During ice sheet retreat, potential erosion rates increase in these areas, but the foci remain fixed. This leads to selective and progressive deepening of subglacial basins. As grounding lines migrate landward, faster retreat tends to occur over subglacial basins, especially if flow is divergent, whereas slower retreat takes place on sloping beds and where the geometry of the outlet allows convergent flow and a non-negative flux balance. In conclusion the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet selectively erodes its bed beneath linear outlets and, over successive glacial cycles, progressive deepening of subglacial basins may bring about non-linear retreat of the ice sheet margin.
Shifts in microphytoplankton species and cell size at Admiralty Bay, Antarctica
Authors: Kienteca Lange Priscila , Rivera Tenenbaum Denise , Maria Tavano Virgínia , Paranhos Rodolfo , De Siqueira Campos Lucia 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPhytoplankton (>15 µm) was investigated in three shallow coastal areas at Admiralty Bay (AB) between the summers of 2002–03 and 2008–09. Phytoplankton abundance was low (103cells l-1) and, over time, the prevailing cell size decreased due to a shift in phytoplankton dominant species from diatoms to dinoflagellates.In situand remote sensing data showed that oscillations in sea surface temperature, precipitation, ice formation/melting, irradiance (cloud cover) and bottom circulation (indexed by the Antarctic Oscillation Index; AAO) were shown to govern the structure of the phytoplankton. Under negative AAO, diatoms prevailed, with the dominance of large (>80 µm) benthic diatoms (e.g.Corethron pennatumandNavicula directa) in periods of low production (102cells l-1in 2002–03), and medium-sized (31–80 µm) centrics (e.g.Thalassiosiraspp. andStellarima microtrias) when the abundance was higher (104cells l-1in 2003–04). Conversely, positive AAO led to the co-dominance of dinoflagellates and planktonic diatoms (e.g.Pseudo-nitzschiaspp.) in the summers of 2007–08 and 2008–09. These results suggest that the AAO can be a good predictor of phytoplankton in coastal areas around the western Antarctic Peninsula, and may help our understanding of changes in other trophic levels of the food web.
The Use of FAST Scan by Paramedics in Mass-casualty Incidents: A Simulation Study
Authors: West Brian , Cusser J. Andrew , Etengoff Stuart , Landsgaard Hank , LaBond Virginia 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIntroductionThe Focused Abdominal Sonography in Trauma (FAST) scan is used to detect free fluid in the peritoneal cavity, or pericardium, to quickly assess for injuries needing immediate surgical intervention. Mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) are settings where paramedics must make triage decisions in minutes. The Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system is used to prioritize transport. The FAST scan can be added to the triage of critical patients, and may aid in triage.MethodsThis was a single-blinded, randomized control trial. Ten paramedics with field experience were trained with an ultrasound machine in the performance of the FAST scan. Two weeks were allowed to pass before testing to simulate the time between training of standard procedures and their implementation. On test day, five peritoneal dialysis patients with instilled dialysis fluid and five matched control patients were placed in a room in a random order where the paramedics performed FAST scans on each patient. The paramedics were assessed by declaring positive or negative for each evaluation, as well as being timed for the total exercise.ResultsOf the ninety tests (one paramedic dropped out due to family emergency), the paramedics had a mean accuracy of 60% and median of 62% (range 40%-80%). There was a statistically significant higher false-positive rate of 59% than false-negative rate of 41% (P < .01). Sensitivity was 67% with a specificity of 56%. Average time taken was 1,218 seconds (121.8 seconds per patient) with a range of 735-1,701 seconds and a median of 1,108 seconds.ConclusionIn this simulation study, paramedics had difficulty performing FAST scans with a high degree of accuracy. However, they were more apt to call a patient positive, limiting the likelihood for false-negative triage.WestB, CusserJA, EtengoffS, LandsgaardH, LaBondV. The use of FAST scan by paramedics in mass-casualty incidents: a simulation study. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(6):1-4.
Tower of London: Planning Development in Children from 6 to 13 Years of Age
Authors: Injoque-Ricle Irene , Barreyro Juan Pablo , Calero Alejandra , Burin Débora Inés 
Published: November 2014

AbstractExecutive Function is a multidimensional construct that includes a wide range of cognitive abilities that allow solving goal-directed behaviors efficiently. Its development begins in early childhood and continues through adolescence. A key aspect of Executive Function is planning, defined as the capacity to generate and organize the necessary step sequence to carry out a goal-directed behavior. The aim of this study was to assess the development of planning in children. The Tower of London task was used in 270 children aged 6, 8, 11, and 13 years. The results showed that the time required to generate and organize the plan to solve a goal-directed problem increases as the difficulty of the problem increases, and that older children need less time to solve problems with a certain level of difficulty than younger children F(15, 1330) = 8.787; MSE = 1.441; p < .01; η2 =.090. These results are in line with the findings that planning develops through childhood and even during the first years of adolescence.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mediates influenza H7N9 virus-induced acute lung injury
Authors: Yang Penghui , Gu Hongjing , Zhao Zhongpeng , Wang Wei , Cao Bin , Lai Chengcai , Yang Xiaolan , Zhang LiangYan , Duan Yueqiang , Zhang Shaogeng , Chen Weiwen , Zhen Wenbo , Cai Maosheng , Penninger Josef M. , Jiang Chengyu , Wang Xiliang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSince March 2013, the emergence of an avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus has raised concern in China. Although most infections resulted in respiratory illness, some severe cases resulted in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is a severe form of acute lung injury (ALI) that further contributes to morbidity. To date, no effective drugs that improve the clinical outcome of influenza A (H7N9) virus-infected patients have been identified. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 are involved in several pathologies such as cardiovascular functions, renal disease and acute lung injury. In the current study, we report that ACE2 could mediate the severe acute lung injury induced by influenza A (H7N9) virus infection in an experimental mouse model. Moreover, ACE2 deficiency worsened the disease pathogenesis markedly, mainly by targeting the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1). The current findings demonstrate that ACE2 plays a critical role in influenza A (H7N9) virus-induced acute lung injury and suggest that might be a useful potential therapeutic target for future influenza A (H7N9) outbreaks.
Algorithm for improving SNR using high voltage and differential Manchester code for capacitive touch screen panel
Authors: Ma Hyunggun , Heo Sanghyun , Kim Jae Joon , Bien Franklin 
Published: November 2014

An algorithm for a capacitive touch screen panel that can make the sum of the signal into ‘0’ for the use of high voltage is presented. The differential Manchester code is combined with the Walsh‐Hadamard code to generate an input coded signal. Owing to the property of the differential Manchester code, the Moore‐Penrose pseudoinverse matrix is employed to decode‐mutual capacitance from the received signal. As only the variation between the un‐touch and touch condition is detected at the receiver, a high‐voltage input coded signal is used. Unlike a normal touch system, the decoded sensing capacitance in the proposed algorithm does not have an absolute value. Positive decoded capacitance is the un‐touch condition and negative decoded capacitance is the touch condition. The simulated signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the proposed algorithm is 27.9 dB, which is 8.26 dB higher than SNR in not return to zero (NRZ).
Very simple 2.45/3.5/5.8 GHz triple‐band circularly polarised printed monopole antenna with bandwidth enhancement
Authors: Hoang The Viet , Park Hyun Chang 
Published: November 2014

A very simple triple‐band circularly polarised printed monopole antenna with bandwidth enhancement for 2.45/5.8 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) and 3.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications is presented. The circular polarisation characteristic at the WiMAX band was obtained by an inverted‐U‐shaped radiator rotated by 45° around the horizontal axis. To create the upper circular polarisation mode at the 5.8 GHz WLAN band, an I‐shaped strip was added on the right side of the radiator. Finally, by attaching an inverted‐L‐shaped strip at the end of the I‐shaped strip, the lower circular polarisation characteristic at the 2.45 GHz WLAN band was achieved. The proposed antenna is excited by a simple 50 Ω microstrip feed line using a transformer for impedance matching. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth is 450 MHz (2.35–2.8 GHz) and 4.1 GHz (3.3–7.4 GHz) and the measured 3 dB axial‐ratio bandwidth reaches 12% (2.35–2.65 GHz), 10% (3.3–3.65 GHz) and 4.4% (5.6–5.85 GHz).
DISOPRED3: precise disordered region predictions with annotated protein-binding activity
Authors: Jones David T. , Cozzetto Domenico 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Motivation: A sizeable fraction of eukaryotic proteins contain intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), which act in unfolded states or by undergoing transitions between structured and unstructured conformations. Over time, sequence-based classifiers of IDRs have become fairly accurate and currently a major challenge is linking IDRs to their biological roles from the molecular to the systems level.
Results: We describe DISOPRED3, which extends its predecessor with new modules to predict IDRs and protein-binding sites within them. Based on recent CASP evaluation results, DISOPRED3 can be regarded as state of the art in the identification of IDRs, and our self-assessment shows that it significantly improves over DISOPRED2 because its predictions are more specific across the whole board and more sensitive to IDRs longer than 20 amino acids. Predicted IDRs are annotated as protein binding through a novel SVM based classifier, which uses profile data and additional sequence-derived features. Based on benchmarking experiments with full cross-validation, we show that this predictor generates precise assignments of disordered protein binding regions and that it compares well with other publicly available tools.
Availability and implementation: http://bioinf.cs.ucl.ac.uk/disopred
Contact: d.t.jones@ucl.ac.uk
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Study of anticorrosion and microwave absorption properties of NiZn ferrite pigments
Authors: Miszczyk A. , Darowicki K. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report the electrochemical verification of anticorrosive properties of NiZn ferrites as pigments in protective coatings and evaluation of their microwave absorbing properties.Design/methodology/approachFerrites, represented by formula NixZn(1−x)Fe2O4, where x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, were synthesized using a ceramic method. The samples of ferrites were examined by X‐ray diffraction and SEM. Immersion tests in ferrite extracts, combined with electrochemical tests using techniques such as polarization curves, linear polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were involved to determine the protective action provided by the ferrites. Epoxy coatings containing 10 vol.% of the ferrite were investigated using EIS. Experimental verification is provided of the microwave attenuation capability of coatings containing the investigated ferrites. Reflection loss, measured in the frequency range of 6.5‐15 GHz, exhibited maximum attenuation at a level of 8‐16 dB.FindingsThe results obtained suggest that NiZn ferrites possess active anticorrosive properties and support inhibition of the cathodic reaction by scale deposition at the metal substrate in an alkaline environment created by the pigments and the cathodic reaction. Additionally, they can serve as a microwave suppressor.Practical implicationsNiZn pigments can be used in coatings to serve simultaneously as an active anticorrosion, non‐toxic pigment and a material protecting against electromagnetic interference problems.Originality/valueThe paper provides information regarding the anticorrosive properties of NiZn ferrites as pigments for protective coatings and also microwave absorbing materials. An attempt was made to elucidate the potential mechanism of anticorrosive action of these pigments.
The Southwest Academy of Management: in search of diversity research
Authors: Baugh Gayle 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on the 2007 meeting of the Southwest Academy of Management (SWAM) that incorporated content related to gender and diversity.Design/methodology/approachSWAM offers a track each year that includes gender and diversity research. For the 2007 meeting gender and diversity was combined with human resources, careers, and social issues in management.FindingsOne paper introduced a new form of surface‐level (observable) diversity – military status. There were two diversity‐related papers, one looking generally at the importance of cultural differences in global management systems and the other focusing on cultural differences between the USA and Mexico. The final paper incorporating diversity issues focused on the influence of cultural differences within student teams on individual learning.Originality/valueThe diversity papers included in this conference showed a focus on diversity introduced through globalization, which is of value in highlighting the need for diversity scholars to develop expertise in international management or to develop collaborations with colleagues who pursue international management.
Integrating people with disability into the workforce: the case of a retail chain
Authors: Buc˘i¯unien˙e Ilona , Kazlauskait˙e R¯uta 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide insights into diversity management practices in the Baltic states and present experience of HRM practitioners' in initiating the integration of people with disability into the workforce at a multi national retail chain.Design/methodology/approachAn interview with HR managers of a retail chain on issues related to the integration of people with disability into the workforce, providing background for the relevance, motives, implementation difficulties and organisational benefits of such practices from a business perspective.FindingsMain challenges related with integration of people with disability into the workforce are as follows: attraction of people with disability, work adjustment to meet the abilities of employees with disability, and preparation of managers and co‐workers to work along with these people. Attraction of people with disability works best on the basis of references from their peers. These people make highly loyal employees. Besides they contribute to the development of a more positive climate in the organisation.Originality/valueThis paper presents a good practice case on the integration of people with disability, one of the most discriminated groups of employees, which is still a rare business practice in the Baltic countries. It also provides recommendations on integration issues for other practitioners.
Validation of the electromagnetic design of a total artificial heart under physical load conditions
Authors: Finocchiaro Thomas , Pohlmann André , Cuenca Navalon Elena , Leßman Marc , Steinseifer Ulrich , Hameyer Kay 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce the RWTH's total artificial heart, ReinHeart, focusing on the design of the unique drive system.Design/methodology/approachThe force characteristics of the drive have been simulated in a finite element (FE) approach. Additionally the coppler losses within the motor coils have been predicted based on the FE‐simulation. Both results are compared to laboratory measurements of a prototype to validate the design.FindingsThe presented results show a good correlation between simulation and measurement and proof the applicability of the new design drive system.Research limitations/implicationsThe used hydraulic models of the cardiovasular system used as a load for the device are not fully validated with data from living organisms. Therefore, further in vivo trials are needed.Originality/valueThe high force density of the drive allows its integration into a fully implantable, total artificial heart, in order to significantly improve durability. This hopefully will extend the indication for artificial hearts as alternatives to transplantation.