bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a Novel Integrin Binding Protein, VPS33B, Which Is Important for Platelet Activation and In Vivo Thrombosis and Hemostasis
Authors: Xiang Binggang , Zhang Guoying , Ye Shaojing , Zhang Rui , Huang Cai , Liu Jun , Tao Min , Ruan Changgeng , Smyth Susan S. , Whiteheart Sidney W. , Li Zhenyu 
Published: September 2015

Background—
Integrins are heterodimeric (α/β) membrane proteins that play fundamental roles in many biological processes, for example, cell adhesion and spreading, which are important for platelet function and hemostasis. The molecular mechanism that regulates integrin activation is not completely understood.

Methods and Results—

Here, we show that VPS33B, a member of the Sec1/Munc18 family, binds directly to the integrin β subunit. Overexpression of VPS33B in Chinese hamster ovary cells potentiated αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling but not inside-out signaling. Platelets, from megakaryocyte- and platelet-specific VPS33B conditional knockout mice, had normal morphology, yet their spreading on fibrinogen was impaired and they failed to support clot retraction. Platelet aggregation and ATP secretion in response to low-dose agonists were reduced in the VPS33B knockout mice. αIIbβ3-mediated endocytosis of fibrinogen was also defective. Tail bleeding times and times to occlusion in an FeCl
3
-induced thrombosis model were prolonged in the VPS33B knockout mice. Furthermore, VPS33B acted upstream of the RhoA-ROCK-MLC and Rac1-dependent pathways that lead to clot retraction and cell spreading, respectively.

Conclusions—
Our work demonstrates that vesicular trafficking complexes, containing VPS33B, are a novel class of modifiers of integrin function. Our data also provide insights into the molecular mechanism and treatment of arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, and cholestasis syndrome.
The Dog Fancy at War: Breeds, Breeding, and Britishness, 1914-1918
Authors: Howell Philip 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis essay examines the impact of the Great War on the breeding and showing of pedigree dogs (the “dog fancy”) in Britain. Hostility toward Germany led first to a decline in the popularity of breeds such as the dachshund, with both human and canine “aliens” targeted by nationalist fervor. Second, the institutions of dog breeding and showing came under threat from accusations of inappropriate luxury, frivolity, and the wasting of food in wartime, amounting to the charge of a want of patriotism on the part of breeders. Third, the paper shows how the “dog fancy” responded to this “agitation against dogs,” turning on mongrels, stray dogs, and “useless” and unpatriotic humans, exposing deep divisions within the dog breeding community. By looking at the politics of the “dog fancy” in wartime, this paper extends the discussion of animals and national identity, arguing that while dogs could be used to articulate patriotic sentiments, their conditional citizenship meant that they were uniquely vulnerable at a time of national crisis.
Differences in Evaluation of a Dog’s Temperament by Individual Members of the Same Household
Authors: Jakuba Tomáš , Polcová Zuzana , Fedáková Denisa , Kottferová Jana , Mareková Jana , Fejsáková Magdaléna , Ondrašovičová Olga , Ondrašovič Miloslav 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
A questionnaire is an integral component of methods determining the temperaments of dogs. From the range of questionnaires used for evaluation of a dog’s temperament, we selected C-BARQ. This particular type of questionnaire allowed us to determine the degree of agreement of evaluations of the same dog by individual members of one household. The evaluation included dogs in 29 households with a total of 71 members. The degree of agreement between ratings of individual members of the same household was determined by Intraclass correlations coefficient (ICC). The correlations observed ranged between 0.53 and 0.9, depending on the category. This result is further supported by the results of other studies that showed similar perceptions of the same dog between family members.
Isentropic Analysis of a Simulated Hurricane
Authors: Mrowiec Agnieszka A. , Pauluis Olivier M. , Zhang Fuqing 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Hurricanes, like many other atmospheric flows, are associated with turbulent motions over a wide range of scales. Here the authors adapt a new technique based on the isentropic analysis of convective motions to study the thermodynamic structure of the overturning circulation in hurricane simulations. This approach separates the vertical mass transport in terms of the equivalent potential temperature of air parcels. In doing so, one separates the rising air parcels at high entropy from the subsiding air at low entropy. This technique filters out oscillatory motions associated with gravity waves and separates convective overturning from the secondary circulation.
This approach is applied here to study the flow of an idealized hurricane simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The isentropic circulation for a hurricane exhibits similar characteristics to that of moist convection, with a maximum mass transport near the surface associated with a shallow convection and entrainment. There are also important differences. For instance, ascent in the eyewall can be readily identified in the isentropic analysis as an upward mass flux of air with unusually high equivalent potential temperature. The isentropic circulation is further compared here to the Eulerian secondary circulation of the simulated hurricane to show that the mass transport in the isentropic circulation is much larger than the one in secondary circulation. This difference can be directly attributed to the mass transport by convection in the outer rainband and confirms that, even for a strongly organized flow like a hurricane, most of the atmospheric overturning is tied to the smaller scales.
Planetary–Geometric Constraints on Isopycnal Slope in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Jones Daniel C. , Ito Takamitsu , Birner Thomas , Klocker Andreas , Munday David 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOn planetary scales, surface wind stress and differential buoyancy forcing act together to produce isopycnal surfaces that are relatively flat in the tropics/subtropics and steep near the poles, where they tend to outcrop. Tilted isopycnals in a rapidly rotating fluid are subject to baroclinic instability. The turbulent, mesoscale eddies generated by this instability have a tendency to homogenize potential vorticity (PV) along density surfaces. In the Southern Ocean (SO), the tilt of isopycnals is largely maintained by competition between the steepening effect of surface forcing and the flattening effect of turbulent, spatially inhomogeneous eddy fluxes of PV. Here quasigeostrophic theory is used to investigate the influence of a planetary–geometric constraint on the equilibrium slope of tilted density/buoyancy surfaces in the SO. If the meridional gradients of relative vorticity and PV are small relative to β, then quasigeostrophic theory predicts ds/dz = β/f0 = cot(ϕ0)/a, or equivalently r ≡ |∂zs/(β/f0)| = 1, where f is the Coriolis parameter, β is the meridional gradient of f, s is the isopycnal slope, ϕ0 is a reference latitude, a is the planetary radius, and r is the depth-averaged criticality parameter. It is found that the strict r = 1 condition holds over specific averaging volumes in a large-scale climatology. A weaker r = O(1) condition for depth-averaged quantities is generally satisfied away from large bathymetric features. The r = O(1) constraint is employed to derive a depth scale to characterize large-scale interior stratification, and an idealized sector model is used to test the sensitivity of this relationship to surface wind forcing. Finally, the possible implications for eddy flux parameterization and for the sensitivity of SO circulation/stratification to changes in forcing are discussed.
Mental health and food consumption among California children 5–11 years of age
Authors: Banta Jim E , Khoie-Mayer Roxanne N , Somaiya Chintan K , McKinney Ogbochi , Segovia-Siapco Gina 
Published: September 2015

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine if poor mental health is associated with the intake of specific foods among California children. Design: Secondary data analysis of the 2007 and 2009 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) was conducted. Mental health was measured using a shortened version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Dietary measures were self-reported servings of fruit, vegetables, 100% fruit juice, high sugar foods, soda/sweetened drinks, and French fries/fried potatoes consumed the previous day, as well as frequency of fast food consumed during the past week. Setting: Phone interviews were conducted via the CHIS on households in California. Subjects: Data belonging to children ( n = 11,190) ages 5–11 years whose parents completed the CHIS 2007 and 2009 random-dial telephone surveys was investigated. Results: Of an estimated annual population of 3.7 million children, 180,000 (4.9%) had poor mental health. Children with poor mental health consumed more soda/sweetened drinks (0.60 vs 0.45 servings per day, p = 0.024), French fries/fried potatoes (0.27 vs 0.14 servings per day, p = 0.003), and fast food (2.02 vs 1.38 servings per week, p = 0.009) compared to children with good mental health. Mental health was not associated with other dietary measures. Adjusting for relevant socio-demographic characteristics, logistic regression found poor mental health to be significantly associated with any consumption of French fries/fried potatoes (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, p = 0.001) or vegetables (OR 0.6, p = 0.005) on the previous day, and fast food two or more times in the past week (OR 1.7, p < 0.001). Interaction analysis revealed that an estimated 33% of girls with poor mental health consumed French fries, compared to 12% of girls with good mental health (OR 2.91, p = 0.006). Conclusions: Children with poor mental health are more likely to consume calorie-dense but nutrient-poor foods compared to their counterparts. Intake of such foods may contribute to worse physical health as these children mature.
Future-proofing the psychiatry workforce in Australia: evaluation of an innovative enrichment programme for medical students
Authors: Lyons Zaza , Hans Davinder , Janca Aleksandar 
Published: September 2015

Objective: The Claassen Institute of Psychiatry for Medical Students (the Institute) is an innovative enrichment programme aimed at attracting medical students to psychiatry. This paper reports on the effectiveness of the Institute as a strategy to increase interest in psychiatry as a career, and the career pathways of students who have attended since 2008. Method: Students completed a baseline questionnaire on day 1 and the final day of the Institute. A follow-up survey was administered electronically to ex-Institute students to determine their career pathways and current level of interest in psychiatry. Results: Since 2008, 117 students have attended the Institute. There was a significant increase in those ‘definitely’ considering a career in psychiatry from 57% at baseline to 77% at the end of the week. Eighty-nine ex-Institute students were invited to participate in the follow-up survey, and of these 21% were currently psychiatry trainees. Conclusion: The Institute has been successful in encouraging medical students to pursue a career in psychiatry. Enrichment programmes are emerging as an effective recruitment strategy and will assist in future-proofing the psychiatric workforce in decades to come.
Improving metabolic monitoring in patients maintained on antipsychotics in Penang, Malaysia
Authors: Hor Esther SL , Subramaniam Sivasangari , Koay Jun Min , Bharathy Arokiamary , Vasudevan Umadevi , Panickulam Joseph J , Ng InnTiong , Arif Nor Hayati , Russell Vincent 
Published: September 2015

Objectives: To evaluate the monitoring of metabolic parameters among outpatients maintained on antipsychotic medications in a general hospital setting in Malaysia and to assess the impact of a local monitoring protocol. Methods: By performing a baseline audit of files from a random sample of 300 patients prescribed antipsychotic medications for at least 1 year; we determined the frequency of metabolic monitoring. The findings informed the design of a new local protocol, on which clinical staff was briefed. We re-evaluated metabolic monitoring immediately after implementation, in a small sample of new referrals and current patients. We explored staff perceptions of the initiative with a follow-up focus group, 6 months post-implementation. Results: The baseline audit revealed a sub-optimal frequency of metabolic parameter recording. Re-audit, following implementation of the new protocol, revealed improved monitoring but persisting deficits. Dialogue with the clinical staff led to further protocol modification, clearer definition of staff roles and use of a standard recording template. Focus group findings revealed positive perceptions of the initiative, but persisting implementation barriers, including cultural issues surrounding waist circumference measurement. Conclusions: Responding to challenges in achieving improved routine metabolic monitoring of patients maintained on antipsychotics required on-going dialogue with the clinical staff, in order to address both service pressures and cultural concerns.
Implementing cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) in a mental health service: staff training
Authors: Dark Frances , Newman Ellie , Harris Meredith , Cairns Alice , Simpson Michael , Gore-Jones Victoria , Whiteford Harvey , Harvey Carol , Crompton David 
Published: September 2015

Objective: This paper describes the establishment of training in cognitive remediation for psychosis within a community mental health service. Methods: Clinical staff working in the community of a mental health service were surveyed to ascertain their interest in cognitive aspects of psychosis and skills training in cognitive remediation (CR). Based on the results of the survey a tiered training programme was established with attendance figures reported for each level of training. Fidelity assessment was conducted on the five CR programmes operating. Results: Of 106 clinical staff working in the community with people diagnosed with a psychotic illness 51 completed the survey (48% response rate). The training needs varied with all 106 staff receiving the fundamental (mandatory) training and 51 staff receiving CR facilitator training. Thirty three percent of staff trained as facilitators were delivering CR. Conclusions: Up skilling the mental health workforce to incorporate an understanding of the cognitive aspects of psychosis into care delivery can be facilitated by a tiered training structure. Fundamental training on the psychosocial aspects of psychosis can act as a platform for focussed CR skills based training. There is also a need for accessible therapy based supervision for staff wishing to develop competencies as CR therapists.
Community Treatment Orders (CTOs): a demographic cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Isobel Sophie , Clenaghan Paul 
Published: September 2015

Objectives: Existing research on Community Treatment Orders (CTOs) questions what purposes they serve, for whom and for how long. This study aimed to identify demographics of the CTO population, differences between individuals who require short CTOs from those who require repeat CTO and clinician-determined factors which influence these decisions. Methods: Using a cross-sectional snapshot method, 301detailed audits were analysed for frequencies and relationships between variables. Results: People on CTOs ( n = 301) comprised 9% of the community mental health population (n = 3268); 21% ( n = 62) having it be their first CTO, 50% ( n = 149) on repeat CTOs (continuous) and 29% ( n = 85) on second episode or more of CTOs (non-continuous). There were 82% ( n = 231) of people on a CTO who had a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia. There was a higher occurrence of males with co-existing factors of aggression and current substance misuse. Age had a relationship with length of actual and predicted CTOs. Conclusions: Men of middle age, with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a history of aggression, current substance misuse and reported previous CTO efficacy are the primary individuals predicted to require ongoing CTOs. Improving CTO efficacy should focus on providing targeted intervention for this group and a closer analysis of the use of CTOs in other groups.
Impact of Thrombophilia on the Risk of Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy in Term Neonates
Authors: AbdelAziz Nafisa H. R. , AbdelAzeem Hanan G. , Monazea Eman M. M. , Sherif Tahra 
Published: September 2015

Background: The incidence of neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is reportedly high in countries with limited resources. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial. A role for thrombophilia has been described in different patterns of preterm and full-term perinatal brain injury. Aim: This study aims to identify risk factors associated with neonatal HIE and also to determine the contributions of genetic thrombophilia in the development of neonatal HIE. Methods: Sixty-seven neonates with HIE and 67 controls were enrolled in the study. Clinical history and examination were undertaken. Patients and controls were tested for the presence of factor V G1691A and prothrombin G20210A mutations. In addition, protein S, protein C, and antithrombin III levels were assessed. Results: Parental consanguinity and performing emergency cesarean section (CS) were significant risk factors for neonatal HIE (odds ratio [OR] 6.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.6-15.3, P < .001, OR 12.6, 95% CI 2.52-63.3, P = .002, respectively). No significant difference was found regarding maternal age and parity. About 33% of cases and 6% of controls were found to have at least 1 thrombophilic factor ( P < .001). Factor V G1691A mutation significantly increased the risk of neonatal HIE (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.4-14.5, P = .012), while prothrombin G 20210A mutation and protein C deficiency were not. Conclusion: Parental consanguinity, emergency CS, and factor V mutation may contribute to the higher risk of developing neonatal HIE.
Framing the City
Authors: Brueton Camilla 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Framing the City is a visual essay that reflects on the construction of images and the fabric of place. Combining original collages and writing by Camilla Brueton with quotes from theorists and artists who influence her, it presents the city as a living collage. Hopes, dreams and optimism from different decades are embedded in the built environment; constantly framed and reframed by our movements and actions as we go about our daily lives.
Review
Authors: Puolakanaho Julius 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
As part of JAWS’s ongoing commitment to publishing and working with emerging academics and arts writing across higher education, for the first time we have invited a first-year B.A. student to contribute the review. For this review, our reviews editor Renée O’Drobinak (Slade School of Art) has taken a ‘hands off’ approach, with Julius Puolakanaho taking the lead in not only writing the review independently but choosing an exhibition that he felt lent itself to the emergent themes in this JAWS, where arts methodologies are seen to be employed in traditionally more scientific pursuits. The exhibition ‘Revelations: Experiments in Photography’ at The Science Museum ran from 20 March to 13 September 2015, exploring the relationship between the use of photography in science since the mid-1800s up to their present day mutual influences and overlaps.
‘Revelations: Experiments in Photography’, The Science Museum, London, 20 March–13 September 2015
The playing fields of Empire: Empire and spatiality in video games
Authors: Mukherjee Souvik 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
As in historical accounts, empire in video games too is concerned with the acquisition of geographical space. Like the splash of red marking the stretch of the British Empire on Victorian world maps, video games that let one play at empire are also obsessed with stamping the imperialist authority of ‘your’ nation on their in-game maps. Video game empires too work on the necessary logic of spatial expansion connected with which is the necessity to remove the ‘fog’ which prevents the player’s ‘line of sight’ from accessing information about surrounding areas. The focus on cartography and surveying in British Raj India is a useful comparison. Although much scholarship exists around the representations of the spatiality of Empire in more traditional media, there is little that addresses the video game representations of Empire. This article is about the representation and experience of space in conceptions of Empire vis-à-vis in empire-building video games, as understood in terms of both cartography and the lived experience of space. It argues that although empirebuilding video games are largely framed within the western imperialist discourses, the very nature of gameplay itself challenges these set notions – in a way remediating the ambiguity and anxieties of the representations of empire and its spatial constructs in earlier media.
Technological Materiality And Assumptions About ‘Active’ Human Agency
Authors: Bollmer Grant 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
One of the most notable challenges to emerge from the materialist turn in media studies is the rejection of the ‘active audience’ paradigm of British cultural studies. And yet, in spite of the increasing attention to materiality, many of the problems associated with the split between German media studies traditions and those derived from cultural studies persist today. While no longer concerned with representation, privilege is nonetheless often granted to the material agency of ‘real people’ as that which shapes and determines the materiality of technology. This article is primarily a theoretical and methodological reflection on how materiality challenges - but sometimes relies on - long standing and often veiled traditions from cultural studies, especially as they move out of academic discussion and into the popular imaginary of social media and its ‘usergenerated content.’ I focus on some deliberate attempts at excluding materiality found in cultural studies’ history, arguing that an emphasis on the agency of ‘real people’ can only happen through the deliberate erasure of the materiality of technology. Drawing on Ien Ang’s Desperately Seeking the Audience (1991), which argued that television ‘audiences’ must themselves be understood as produced in relation to the demands and interests of broadcasting institutions, I suggest that digital media ‘audiences’ are produced in relationship to the infrastructural power of servers, algorithms, and software. This demonstrates that any attempt to identify ‘human agency’ must also look at how this agency is co-produced with and by technological materiality.
Sprzeciw sumienia wobec wyzwań współczesnego zarządzania.
Authors: Kietliński Krzysztof 
Published: September 2015

Człowiek potrzebuje żyć i pracować zgodnie z pewnymi zasadami i wartościami, w harmonii ze swoim sumieniem. Wyraża sprzeciw sumienia w wypadku działań naruszających jego godność. Należy podkreślić, że prawo sumienia jest nadrzędne wobec prawa stanowionego. Natomiast sprzeciw człowieka w organizacji jest reakcją jego sumienia na praktyki niezgodne z misją przedsiębiorstwa. Dlatego jakość organizacji przejawiająca się w jej celu i funkcjach powinna być weryfikowana przez standardy etyczne.