bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prior expectations about own abilities bias self-belief formation and hinder subsequent revision
Authors: Schröder Alexander , Czekalla Nora , Mayer Annalina V , Zhang Lei , Stolz David S , Korn Christoph W , Diekelmann Susanne , Luebber Finn , Paulus Frieder M , Müller-Pinzler Laura , Krach Sören 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSelf-beliefs hinge on social feedback, but their formation and revision are not solely based on new information. Biases, such as confirming initial expectations, can lead to inaccurate self-beliefs. This study uses computational modeling to explore how initial expectations and confidence affect self-belief formation and revision in novel behavioral domains. In the first session, participants developed performance self-beliefs through trial-by-trial feedback. In the second session, feedback contingencies were reversed, requiring belief revision for accurate self-beliefs. Results showed a confirmation bias in belief updating, with initial expectations being linked to biased learning during both formation and revision. Higher confidence was associated with reduced belief revision and on average, self-beliefs persisted despite the conflicting evidence. This study extends the literature on confirmation bias to learning in uncharged, novel behavioral domains. Further, it demonstrates the importance of initial expectations and associated confidence for biased self-belief formation and subsequent learning.
Trade-offs between averages and intra-individual variation within vegetative, phenological, and floral traits
Authors: Møller Charlotte , March-Salas Martí , Sobral Mar , Haase Judith , De Frenne Pieter , Scheepens JF 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARYIntra-individual trait variation in plants represents an often ignored but important dimension of phenotypic variation that contributes to functional diversity and the dynamics of ecological communities. It can be expressed differently across plant traits, but the induction of intra-individual variation in different trait types under environmental stresses has not yet been explored.We used the clonal forest herb,Galium odoratum, to investigate intra-individual variation within vegetative, phenological, and floral traits, and trade-offs between trait average and variation under a full-factorial experimental design using drought and shading treatments.Intra-individual variation (expressed as CV) differed in magnitude between trait types, with vegetative and floral traits showing the highest and lowest CV, respectively. CV occurring in the different traits responded to the drought and shade treatments. Trade-offs between CV and trait averages appeared across most of traits under the different treatment combinations, whereas trade-offs were less pronounced under control conditions.Drought and shading in forest environments induce trade-offs between intra-individual variation and the average trait expression, indicating the relevance of intra-individual variation for functional adaptations of forest plants to climatic changes. Our findings suggest that plastic responses in intra-individual variation may be an important component for mechanistic adjustments of plants to environmental stresses.
Coupling renewable energy infrastructure planning and biodiversity conservation: a modeling-based framework
Authors: Froidevaux Jérémy S.P. , Le Viol Isabelle , Barré Kévin , Bas Yves , Kerbiriou Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReconciling renewable energy planning and biodiversity conservation is urgently needed to address the interconnected crises of climate change and biodiversity loss. However, current strategies to avoid or limit the negative effects of renewable energy on biodiversity still hold major limitations during the planning process that could be overcome with modeling approaches. Here we propose a new applied modeling-based framework aiming to determine potential threats posed by proposed or built projects to biodiversity. By capitalizing on large-scale standardized citizen science biodiversity data to create reference scales of biodiversity levels, this approach aims to better inform the Ecological Impact Assessment (EIA) process at different stages pre- and post-project construction. We demonstrate the practical application of the framework using bat and onshore wind energy development in France as a case study. We reveal that current approaches in renewable energy planning failed to identify sites of biodiversity significance with >90% of wind turbines approved for construction to be placed in sites of high significance for bats. The risks posed by future wind turbines to bats concern all taxa (that are all protected in the European Union), including species with higher collision risks. We highlight how the proposed modeling-based framework could contribute to a more objective evaluation of pre- and post-construction impacts on biodiversity and become a prevalent component of the EIA decision-making. Its implementation could lead to a more biodiversity-friendly renewable energy planning in accordance with the world-leading target to halt biodiversity decline by 2030.
NuMA is a mitotic adaptor protein that activates dynein and connects it to microtubule minus ends
Authors: Colombo Sabina , Michel Christel , Speroni Silvia , Ruhnow Felix , Gili Maria , Brito Claudia , Surrey Thomas 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTNuclear mitotic apparatus protein (NuMA) is indispensable for the mitotic functions of the major microtubule minus-end directed motor cytoplasmic dynein 1. NuMA and dynein are both essential for correct spindle pole organization. How these proteins cooperate to gather microtubule minus ends at spindle poles remains unclear. Here we use microscopy-basedin vitroreconstitutions to demonstrate that NuMA is a dynein adaptor, activating processive dynein motility together with dynein’s cofactors dynactin and Lissencephaly-1 (Lis1). Additionally, we find that NuMA binds and stabilizes microtubule minus ends, allowing dynein/dynactin/NuMA to transport microtubule minus ends as cargo to other minus ends. We further show that the microtubule-nucleating γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) hinders NuMA binding. This shows that either γTuRC needs to be released or microtubules need to be severed to generate free minus ends before they can be incorporated into spindle poles by dynein/dynactin/NuMA. These results provide new mechanistic insight into how dynein, dynactin, NuMA and Lis1 cooperate to organize spindle poles in cells.
M. tuberculosis invades and disrupts the blood brain barrier directly to initiate meningitis
Authors: Proust Alizé , Wilkinson Katalin A , Wilkinson Robert J 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis and HIV-1 co-infection worsens the already poor prognosis. HowMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB) and the influence of HIV-1 on pathogenesis remains unclear. Using human pericytes, astrocytes, endothelial cells, and microglia alone; and combined in anin vitroBBB we investigatedMtb+/− HIV-1 co-infection on central nervous system cell entry and function.Mtbinfected and multiplied in all cell types with HIV-1 increasing entry to astrocytes and pericytes, and growth in HIV-1 positive pericytes and endothelial cells. The permeability of the BBB increased resulting in translocation of bacilli across it. Cytopathic effects included increased markers of cellular stress, ROS release, the induction of neurotoxic astrocytes, and increased secretion of neuroexcitotoxic glutamate. Distinct cell-type specific production of inflammatory and effector mediators were observed. These data indicateMtbcan translocate the BBB directly to initiate meningitis.
Immunophenotyping of T cells Combined with Vβ antibodies identifies long lasting CMV related T cell Expansions with a consistent TIGIT and PD-1 phenotype
Authors: van Ostaijen-ten Dam Monique M. , Schilham Marco W. , Lankester Arjan C. , Melsen Janine E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSimultaneous analysis of T cell receptor repertoire and T cell phenotype is of high relevance to gain a deeper understanding on the T cell response in terms of differentiation, kinetics and persistence. Also it is currently unknown how the repertoire of immune checkpoints on T cells evolves over time. To fully capture the heterogenous response, TCR repertoire and T cell phenotype analysis is preferably performed at the single-cell level, but this is costly and analytically challenging. Therefore, we developed a flow cytometry based method that allows for simultaneous characterization of the T cell TCR Vβ and the phenotype. We generated a 9-tube 24-color panel with antibodies against maturation and activation markers, and 24 TCR Vβ chains. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 5 healthy controls were analyzed, revealing the presence of oligoclonal expansions. Within the CD27+CD28+ memory T cell population, oligoclonal expansions were characterized by a T regulatory, or KLRG1+CCR7-CD27low phenotype. Within the late CD27- and/or CD28-memory T cells, the populations with the lowest TCR Vβ diversity expressed CX3CR1. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate the dynamics of circulating oligoclonal T cell expansions that emerged following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the presence of CMV in 2 patients. We provide evidence that oligoclonal T cells transferred from donor to recipient can be traced up to at least 2.5 years while maintaining its phenotype. Mostly TIGIT and PD-1 were critical in defining T cell expansions, while CD45RA, CD57, CD56 and NKG2A were variably expressed. Overall, we developed a phenotype based method to trace T cell populations, that is widely applicable to different settings in which the T cell response needs to be monitored.
SARS-CoV-2 nsp16 is regulated by host E3 ubiquitin ligases, UBR5, and MARCHF7
Authors: Tian Li , Zhao Zongzheng , Gao Wenying , Liu Zirui , Li Xiao , Zhang Wenyan , Li Zhaolong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), remains a global public health threat with major economic implications. The non-structural protein 16 (nsp16) of SARS-CoV-2, in complex with nsp10, catalyses the final step of viral mRNA capping via its 2’-O-methylase activity, enabling the virus to evade host immunity and protect viral mRNA from degradation. However, host factors regulating nsp16 have not been thoroughly explored. Although various E3 ubiquitin ligases are known to interact with SARS-CoV-2 proteins, their specific roles in targeting nsp16 for degradation remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that nsp16 is ubiquitinated and degraded by host E3 ubiquitin ligases UBR5 and MARCHF7, acting through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). UBR5 and MARCHF7 induce nsp16 degradation via K48- and K27-linked ubiquitination, respectively, in independent processes that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, UBR5 and MARCHF7 exhibited broad-spectrum antiviral activity by degrading nsp16 variants from different SARS-CoV-2 strains. Our findings uncover novel mechanisms by which the UPS antagonises SARS-CoV-2 replication and provide promising targets for therapeutic intervention against COVID-19.
The central spindle drives anaphase chromosome segregation
Authors: Chen Geng-Yuan , Deng Changfeng , Chenoweth David M. , Lampson Michael A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnaphase chromosome segregation depends on forces exerted by spindle microtubules. In the current model, forces on chromosomes are mediated through the spindle poles: sliding of antiparallel microtubules in the central spindle pushes poles apart, while kinetochore microtubule (kMT) depolymerization pulls chromosomes towards the poles. Here we show that the central spindle is directly linked to the chromosomes rather than the poles in anaphase, based on three lines of evidence. Chromosomes in monopolar spindles can move away from the pole, consistent with forces exerted by antiparallel microtubule sliding. In bipolar spindles, kMT depolymerization is constrained by suppressing central spindle sliding, indicating kinetochore linkage to the central spindle. Finally, increasing the rate of kMT depolymerization slows pole separation without increasing chromosome separation velocity. We conclude that central spindle sliding drives anaphase chromosome separation, while kMT depolymerization limits spindle elongation.
Regulatory network analysis ofDclk1gene expression reveals a tuft cell-ILC2 axis that inhibits pancreatic tumor progression
Authors: Valenti Giovanni , Laise Pasquale , Takahashi Ryota , Wu Feijing , Ruan Tuo , Vasciaveo Alessandro , Jiang Zhengyu , Sunagawa Masaki , Middelhoff Moritz , Nienhüser Henrik , Fu Na , Malagola Ermanno , Hayakawa Yoku , Iuga Alina C. , Califano Andrea , Wang Timothy C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDclk1expression defines a rare population of cells in the normal pancreas whose frequency is increased at early stages of pancreatic tumorigenesis. The identity and the precise roles ofDclk1expressing cells in pancreas have been matter of debate, although evidence suggests their involvement in a number of key functions, including regeneration and neoplasia. We employed a recently developed Dclk1 reporter mouse model and single cell RNAseq analysis to defineDclk1expressing cells in normal pancreas and pancreatic neoplasia. In normal pancreas,Dclk1epithelial expression identifies subsets of ductal, islet and acinar cells. In pancreatic neoplasia,Dclk1expression identifies five epithelial cell populations, among which acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM)-like cells and tuft-like cells are predominant. These two cell populations play opposing roles in pancreatic neoplasia, with Dclk1+ADM-like cells sustaining tumor growth while Dclk1+tuft-like cells restraining tumor progression. The differentiation of Kras mutant acinar cells into Dclk1+tuft-like cells requires the activation of the transcription factor SPIB and is further supported by a cellular paracrine loop involving cancer group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) and cancer activated fibroblasts (CAFs) that provide IL13 and IL33, respectively. In turn, Dclk1+tuft-like cells release angiotensinogen that plays protective roles against pancreatic neoplasia. Overall, our study provides novel insights on the biology of Dclk1+cells in normal pancreas and unveils a protective axis against pancreatic neoplasia, involving CAFs, ILC2 and Dclk1+tuft-like cells, which ultimately results in angiotensinogen release.
Do consumers care about organic when consuming speciality bakery products or is it all about indulgence?
Authors: Drugova Tatiana , Curtis Kynda 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study explores the viability of incorporating more expensive organic wheat flour into speciality bakery products, which are of superior quality, thus justifying the higher cost. As consumers may be reluctant to purchase organic speciality baked goods due to unfavorable taste associations with organic foods, particularly those consumed as a treat or for pleasure, this study investigates the impact of providing taste assurances and origin information on consumer acceptance and WTP for organic speciality bakery products.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from an online survey of US consumers, random parameter logit models were estimated and willingness-to-pay (WTP) values were calculated.FindingsStudy results show that the use of more expensive organic flour is justified for speciality bakery products when favorable taste assurances are provided or for consumers who value organic foods. Freshness indictors were only important in the case of speciality breads, but not for other products. Finally, improving consumer awareness of organic labeling standards does not significantly impact their organic product preferences or taste perceptions.Practical implicationsThis analysis aims to identify the product information likely to increase the consumption of organic speciality bakery/pastry products and thus support the incorporation of organic wheat flour into these higher-value products.Originality/valueWhile previous choice experiment studies have extensively examined consumer preferences for organic products, few have evaluated the impact of providing taste and freshness indicators, particularly in the context of vice goods. This study examines the impact of providing taste and freshness indicators on consumer acceptance and WTP for various organic speciality bakery/pastry products in stated choice experiments, where consumers to not have the option to taste the product. Specifically, we examine if taste and freshness assurances reduce potential negative organic product taste biases.
Leaders beyond sport: an exploratory comparative analysis of international and domestic college athletes’ leadership competencies
Authors: Jolly Karina , Corr Chris , Sellars Nicole , Stokowski Sarah 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the leadership competencies of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) college athletes and assess the potential differences between domestic and international college athletes.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative, non-experimental research design was employed, including the use of an electronic survey to collect data. Survey research allows for extensive data management and a quick data collection method (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). The survey was conducted using online Qualtrics software, which allowed convenience in administration, maintenance, nationwide distribution and data export and analysis.FindingsThe findings of this study suggest that domestic college athletes develop greater leadership competencies than their international peers.Practical implicationsThe study implications include both practical and academic contributions. The research in the area of leadership development in college athletes has been growing. Previous research has focused on the benefits of the leadership development (Lewis, 2023); however, minimal research has been dedicated to exploring actual leadership constructs within the college athlete population. Moreover, this study focused on the differences between domestic and international college athletes’ leadership constructs. International college athletes go through additional challenges while balancing the academic part of being college athletes (Ridpath, Rudd, & Stokowski, 2020).Originality/valueMinimal research has been dedicated to exploring actual leadership constructs within the student-athlete population. This study is the first study that explored leadership constructs from the quantitative lens and focusing on both domestic and international student-athletes. The literature on international student-athletes mainly focuses on the motivation arriving to the United States of America (Love & Kim, 2011) and their transitional experiences (Popp, Pierce, & Hums, 2011; Jolly, Stokowski, Paule-Koba, Arthur-Banning, & Fridley, 2022). However, limited literature focuses on the preparation of international student-athlete for life beyond their sport.
University student entrepreneurial intentions: the effects of perceived institutional support, parental role models, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy
Authors: Gonzalez-Tamayo Lizbeth Alicia , Olarewaju Adeniyi D. , Bonomo-Odizzio Adriana , Krauss-Delorme Catherine 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study examines how perceived institutional support, parental role models, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy, representing both macro-level and personal-level factors, collectively influence students' intentions to pursue entrepreneurship in Mexico and Uruguay.Design/methodology/approachThis research utilized quantitative methodology, specifically survey techniques, to collect data from students attending private universities. The study achieved a valid sample size of 419 respondents. Various reliability and validity tests were conducted before structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypothesized relationships between variables.FindingsThe analysis revealed that perceived institutional support does not directly impact students' entrepreneurial intentions (EI). Instead, its effect is mediated through entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the presence of parental role models, both of which are strong predictors of EI. Additionally, the study identified a direct correlation between students' nationality, their academic programs, and their EI. Age and gender, however, did not significantly influence EI.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides theoretical insights into understanding EI by combining macro-level and personal factors. This integrative method contributes to a more comprehensive approach of predicting EI within the context of Latin America.Practical implicationsThe study suggests boosting investment to improve the quality of institutions, fostering an environment that supports entrepreneurship, and offering students opportunities to learn from successful role models.Originality/valueThis study was conducted in the context of two economies in Latin America. The novelty lies in combining perceived institutional factors and individual motivators to understand EI in Latin America. It uniquely emphasizes the significance of familial influences, particularly parental role models, in its analysis.
Pickering emulsion of pepper essential oil stabilized by Octenyl succinic acid starch: Characterization, in vitro release and anticancer activity
Authors: Wang Yitong , Jin Liu , Xie Baoguo , Chen Xiaoai , Xu Fei , Zhu Kexue , Wang Ping , Zhang Yanjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnder high humidity and high temperature conditions, the quality of pepper essential oil easily deteriorates, and the oxidation of oil restricts its application, especially for the insolubility in water. This study investigated pepper essential oil encapsulated in Pickering emulsion with octenyl succinic acid starch, which was effectively able to reduce 100 times of the release rate. The smooth surface and complete particles of the emulsion were observed and no new chemical bonds were formed. The minimum particle sizes were 2.05 µm and 1.89 µm, when the Pickering emulsion was set to different storage conditions at pH 5 and 0.1 M NaCl, respectively. During gastrointestinal digestion, the release of essential oils was effectively delayed in the Pickering emulsion and the digestibility of the emulsion was 16.93% in 120 min. Compared with untreated cells, Pickering emulsion can effectively inhibit the proliferation of MCF‐7 (52.71%). All these results indicate that OSA starch stabilized pepper essential oil can effectively increase solubility, improve stability, and expand the application range. Therefore, it can provide a theoretical basis for applications of pepper essential oil, especially for the functional drug application.