bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maintaining H. pylori Negativity After Eradication Can Consolidate Its Benefit in Gastric Cancer Prevention: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Luo Xinyue , Qi Shaochong , Chen Mo , Gan Tao , Lv Xiuhe , Yang Jinlin , Deng Kai 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Several studies have reported the role of Helicobacter pylori eradication in gastric cancer (GC) prevention. However, for individuals with unsatisfactory management of their H. pylori infection status after eradication, the risk of GC remains unclear.

METHODS:
An exhaustive search strategy of the incidence of GC (including primary gastric cancer and metachronous gastric cancer) incidence in patients with unsuccessful eradication or H. pylori reinfection was implemented in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The hazard ratios (HRs) and cumulative incidence of total GC in patients with failed eradication or H. pylori reinfection (FE-Hp (+)) group were compared with that in patients with successful eradication and no H. pylori reinfection (SE-Hp (−)) group and patients with noneradication (NE) group.

RESULTS:
Seven eligible studies (including 8,767 patients with H. pylori infection) were identified. In the FE-Hp (+) group, the total GC risk was 1.86-fold of that in the SE-Hp (−) group (HR = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–3.04, P = 0.013). The total GC risk in the NE group was also higher than that in the FE-Hp (+) group (HR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.11–3.52, P = 0.002). On further analysis with different end points showed that the pooled GC risk increased over time (5-year follow-up: HR = 2.92, 1.34–6.34; 10-year follow-up: HR = 4.04, 2.56–6.37).

DISCUSSION:
Compared with the SE-Hp (−) group, the FE-Hp (+) group had a higher risk of gastric carcinoma. Long-term monitoring of H. pylori infection status could consolidate the benefit of eradicating H. pylori for preventing GC prevention in patients after eradication.
Cilofexor in Patients With Compensated Cirrhosis Due to Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: An Open-Label Phase 1B Study
Authors: Levy Cynthia , Caldwell Stephen , Mantry Parvez , Luketic Velimir , Landis Charles S. , Huang Jonathan , Mena Edward , Maheshwari Rahul , Rank Kevin , Xu Jun , Malkov Vladislav A. , Billin Andrew N. , Liu Xiangyu , Lu Xiaomin , Barchuk William T. , Watkins Timothy R. , Chung Chuhan , Myers Robert P. , Kowdley Kris V. 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:
This proof-of-concept, open-label phase 1b study evaluated the safety and efficacy of cilofexor, a potent selective farnesoid X receptor agonist, in patients with compensated cirrhosis due to primary sclerosing cholangitis.

METHODS:
Escalating doses of cilofexor (30 mg [weeks 1–4], 60 mg [weeks 5–8], 100 mg [weeks 9–12]) were administered orally once daily over 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was safety. Exploratory measures included cholestasis and fibrosis markers and pharmacodynamic biomarkers of bile acid homeostasis.

RESULTS:
Eleven patients were enrolled (median age: 48 years; 55% men). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were pruritus (8/11 [72.7%]), fatigue, headache, nausea, and upper respiratory tract infection (2/11 [18.2%] each). Seven patients experienced a pruritus TEAE (one grade 3) considered drug-related. One patient temporarily discontinued cilofexor owing to peripheral edema. There were no deaths, serious TEAEs, or TEAEs leading to permanent discontinuation. Median changes (interquartile ranges) from baseline to week 12 (predose, fasting) were −24.8% (−35.7 to −7.4) for alanine transaminase, −13.0% (−21.9 to −8.6) for alkaline phosphatase, −43.5% (−52.1 to −30.8) for γ-glutamyl transferase, −12.7% (−25.0 to 0.0) for total bilirubin, and −21.2% (−40.0 to 0.0) for direct bilirubin. Least-squares mean percentage change (95% confidence interval) from baseline to week 12 at trough was −55.3% (−70.8 to −31.6) for C4 and −60.5% (−81.8 to −14.2) for cholic acid. Fasting fibroblast growth factor 19 levels transiently increased after cilofexor administration.

DISCUSSION:
Escalating doses of cilofexor over 12 weeks were well tolerated and improved cholestasis markers in patients with compensated cirrhosis due to primary sclerosing cholangitis (NCT04060147).
Use case generation, variation, and anticipation in innovation projects: Analysis of current industry practices based on interviews with international innovation experts
Authors: Henke Niklas Hermann 
Published: July 2024

Use case scenarios play an essential role in innovation projects and influence the design of technologies. In this research article, I examine how use cases are generated, varied, and anticipated. To do so, I analyze interviews with international innovation experts (N = 14), e.g., Chief Technology Officer, Innovation Director, or User Experience Researcher. A heterogeneity of practices for the design of use cases, the creation of use case variants, and the anticipation of a possible extension of use cases can be identified. Anti-personas and worst-case scenarios are tools specifically aimed at identifying malicious use cases. A surprising result is the absence of special AI‑based procedures for use case generation, variation, and anticipation, indicating untapped potential for innovation projects.
Numerical calculation of air permeability of warp-knitted jacquard spacer shoe-upper materials based on CFD
Authors: Zhang Qi , Nie Meiting , Zhang Yanting , Hao Jiashu , Peng Shiyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In order to realize the rapid design of warp-knitted jacquard spacer shoe-upper materials and to explore the influence of different fabric surface organization structures on their air permeability, it is proposed to numerically simulate the air permeability performance of jacquard shoe-upper materials using ANSYS fluid analysis. First, four kinds of shoe material specimens with different upper and lower layer mesh alignment relationships are designed and tested, then the corresponding geometric structure models of the fabric are established based on the samples and appropriately processed, and finally the air permeability of the shoe material is numerically simulated and calculated based on computational fluid dynamics. The results show that, under the same conditions, the air permeability of double-sided mesh structure is significantly better than that of single-sided mesh structure, and its air permeability can be optimized by adjusting the relationship between the upper and lower layers of the fabric mesh; the airflow mainly passes through the fabric pores and gaps between the yarns, and the closer the fabric structure is, the more the air flow is hindered, and the worse the air permeability is. The simulation results of the established numerical model are consistent with the measured results, and the error is less than 10%, so it can be used to simulate and predict the air permeability of the warp-knitted jacquard spacer footwear materials, and provide theoretical support for the design and performance research of footwear materials.
Compact Spinning with Different Fibre Types: An Experimental Investigation on Yarn Properties in the Condensing Zone with 3D-Printed Guiding Device
Authors: Saty Malik Yonis Hassan , Abdalla Ibrahim , Elhassan Ahmed , Farooq Amjad , Sarkodie Bismark , Wang Yong , Xu Zhenzhen , Du Jinmei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The lattice apron-based compact spinning system is a form of pneumatic compact spinning that employs airflow to condense fibres into a bundle, enhancing the yarn’s attributes. To explore the airflow dynamics in pneumatic compact spinning, researchers primarily employ traditional theoretical approaches, experimental measurement techniques, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. In our previous research, we utilized CFD to observe the airflow patterns in pneumatic compact spinning. In this study, we implemented experimental measurement techniques to assess the impact of a 3D-printed guiding device (B-type) on yarn properties. We tested different fibre types in the condensing zone of the compact spinning system with a lattice apron. We used three types of roving to spin the yarn: pure cotton, cotton/polyester (80/20), and polyester/viscose (65/35). The findings revealed that yarns spun using the guiding device exhibited superior strength, hairiness, and evenness compared to those spun without the device.
Exploring the performance of Co/Al2O3–ZrO2 nanocatalysts developed through the thermal evaporation method in dry reforming of methane
Authors: Moradi Mohamad Jafar , Moradi Gholamreza 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the performance of the thin layer nanostructures of Co/Al2O3–ZrO2 in the dry reforming of methane (DRM) in a microchannel reactor. The nanostructures were prepared via utilizing the thermal evaporation method. Reactor tests were carried out at various coating times of 2, 3, and 4 min and temperatures of 700, 750, and 800 °C with a feed flow rate of 10 ml/min and a 1:1:8 ratio of helium, carbon dioxide, and methane. Also, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to identify catalyst features. According to the obtained results, the highest percentage of conversion in all samples was observed at 800 °C. The results of the reactor tests also revealed that the activity of catalyst layers highly depends on coating time. The findings demonstrated that raising deposition time improves the distribution of particle size and catalyst loading. Considering the nanostructure of Co/Al2O3–ZrO2, the sample undergoing 4 min coating time yielded the highest amount of primary methane conversion (89.3 %), primary carbon dioxide conversion (92.4 %), and H2/CO molar ratio (0.91). The stability test of the catalyst layers for 28 h at the optimum condition (P = 1 atm, T = 800 °C, t = 4 min deposition time, CH4/CO2 = 1, and GHSV = 48,000 mL g−1 h−1) showed that the catalysts prepared by this method had a good stability.
Early blood glucose screening in asymptomatic high-risk neonates
Authors: El-Khawam Rania , Dumpa Vikramaditya , Islam Shahidul , Kohn Brenda , Hanna Nazeeh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Detecting and treating severe hypoglycemia promptly after birth is crucial due to its association with adverse long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, limited data are available on the optimal timing of glucose screening in asymptomatic high-risk neonates prone to hypoglycemia. Risk factors associated with asymptomatic high-risk neonates include late prematurity ≥35 and <37 weeks gestation (LPT), small-for-gestational-age (SGA), large-for-gestational-age (LGA), and infant-of-a-diabetic mother (IDM). This study aims to determine the incidence and the impact of individual risk factors on early hypoglycemia (defined as blood glucose ≤25 mg/dL in the initial hour after birth) in asymptomatic high-risk neonates.

Methods
All asymptomatic high-risk neonates ≥35 weeks gestation underwent early blood glucose screening within the first hour after birth (n=1,690). A 2-year retrospective analysis was conducted to assess the incidence of early neonatal hypoglycemia in this cohort and its association with hypoglycemia risk factors.

Results
Out of the 9,919 births, 1,690 neonates (17 %) had risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia, prompting screening within the first hour after birth. Incidence rates for blood glucose ≤25 mg/dL and ≤15 mg/dL were 3.1 and 0.89 %, respectively. Of concern, approximately 0.5 % of all asymptomatic at-risk neonates had a blood glucose value of ≤10 mg/dL. LPT and LGA were the risk factors significantly associated with early neonatal hypoglycemia.

Conclusions
Asymptomatic high-risk neonates, particularly LPT and LGA neonates, may develop early severe neonatal hypoglycemia identified by blood glucose screening in the first hour of life. Additional investigation is necessary to establish protocols for screening and managing asymptomatic high-risk neonates.
A rare presentation of essential thrombocytosis masked as vasculitis
Authors: Muralidhar Haridas Vikram , Haridas Kiran 
Published: July 2024

This case study presents the clinical journey of a 37-year-old woman who previously experienced gangrene in her fingers and toes. Initial assessments revealed elevated total white blood cell count and platelets, coupled with low hemoglobin levels. Despite normal inflammatory markers and negative results for antiphospholipid syndrome, antinuclear antibodies, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, arterial Doppler imaging displayed no abnormalities. Suspecting vasculitis, the patient was initially treated with steroids and aspirin. However, subsequent investigations revealed essential thrombocytosis, a myeloproliferative disorder, confirmed by a positive JAK2 gene mutation. This case underscores the complexity of diagnosing rare hematological disorders and the importance of comprehensive evaluations for accurate treatment strategies.
Prevalence of and Risks for Bacterial Infections in Hospitalized Children With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Cadotte Noelle , Moore Hannah , Stone Bryan L. , Pershing Nicole L. , Ampofo Krow , Ou Zhining , Pavia Andrew T. , Blaschke Anne J. , Flaherty Brian , Crandall Hillary 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Viral bronchiolitis is a common pediatric illness. Treatment is supportive; however, some children have concurrent serious bacterial infections (cSBIs) requiring antibiotics. Identifying children with cSBI is challenging and may lead to unnecessary treatment. Improved understanding of the prevalence of and risk factors for cSBI are needed to guide treatment. We sought to determine the prevalence of cSBI and identify factors associated with cSBI in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective cohort study of children &lt;2 years old hospitalized with bronchiolitis at a free-standing children’s hospital from 2012 to 2019 identified by International Classification of Diseases codes. cSBI was defined as bacteremia, urinary tract infection, meningitis, or pneumonia. Risk factors for cSBI were identified using logistic regression.

RESULTS
We identified 7871 admissions for bronchiolitis. At least 1 cSBI occurred in 4.2% of these admissions; with 3.5% meeting our bacterial pneumonia definition, 0.4% bacteremia, 0.3% urinary tract infection, and 0.02% meningitis. cSBI were more likely to occur in children with invasive mechanical ventilation (odds ratio [OR] 2.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78–3.63), a C-reactive protein ≥4 mg/dL (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.47–3.32), a concurrent complex chronic condition (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.22–2.25) or admission to the PICU (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.02–2.07).

CONCLUSIONS
cSBI is uncommon among children hospitalized with bronchiolitis, with pneumonia being the most common cSBI. Invasive mechanical ventilation, elevated C-reactive protein, presence of complex chronic conditions, and PICU admission were associated with an increased risk of cSBI.
Literature for children as a source of tolerance education for preschoolers
Authors: Delenko Valentyna , Hnatyshak Ilona , Lushchynska Olena 
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the topical aspect of the general problem of upbringing children of preschool age. It is emphasized that tolerance is directly related to the moral development of an individual. The educational potential of Ukrainian children's literature for preschool children is analyzed. The humanistic, competence-based, personally oriented, pedagogical, psychological approach to the education of tolerance in preschoolers is substantiated. The importance of general pedagogical principles, methods and means of educational influence on the personality of preschool children is taken into account, in particular in the education of tolerance.
A characteristic of Ukrainian classics' creativity is given in the context of enhancing the tolerance of preschool children. Education of tolerance among preschoolers by means of poetic and prose texts is revealed. An analysis of prose and verse texts for children by Ukrainian poets and writers of the second half of the 20th - beginning of the 21st century is presented. The educational potential of fairy tales, short stories, and poetry is analyzed. The necessity of using the thematic wealth of Ukrainian children's literature for the education of a tolerant person is substantiated.
The article proposes to trace the education of tolerance from folklore works to author's literature. Attention is focused on some methodical aspects of conveying the artistic word to the child. The need to involve parents in the process of raising tolerance is emphasized. On the basis of the conducted research, it was proved that children's literature is one of the effective means of forming tolerance in preschool children.
It was found that the presence of specific themes, including tolerance, plots, and images in children's books is important, however, usually the plot-image system is not a priority criterion that determines the age category of readers. More important is the criterion of appropriate selection of means of revealing the plot, building an image as a model for the child's identity, and their accessibility for children to understand. The internal contradiction of children's literature is that it has a rather rigidly defined target (age) audience, so the process of creating a work for children is difficult, and this, apparently, formed the basis of the differentiation of the meanings of children's literature and literature for children
Sartorial Sessions
Authors: Robinson Todd 
Published: July 2024

This video article draws on visual and textual materials developed as part of a doctoral research project that examined embodied and sensory encounters with fashion and clothing. The core focus was on understanding the significance of embodiment in fashion and exploring opportunities for redirection through critical approaches to researching embodied experiences and exploring and representing those experiences in the broader context of fashionable representation.
To achieve this, the research developed and applied a digital video-based methodology, which allowed for the identification, elaboration, and thematization of sartorial behaviors and actions. This video article presents eight digital video works as a sequential series, developed using the aforementioned methodology. These videos synthesize the primary findings of the research into a visual form and invite viewers to engage in a somatically felt reflection on them. At the same time, the video article details the development and process of the sartorial sessions as specific contexts where body-garment relations can be examined.
The audio narration accompanying the visual content is derived from the textual material of the research. It combines contextual information, visual descriptions, and analysis of the images on screen, using selected passages from the written thesis. The aim of the article is to cultivate reflexive forms of sensory knowledge in fashion, encouraging viewers to become more attuned to the sensory dimension of fashion.
Using Convolutional Neural Network to Determine Time Window for Analyzing Local Shear-Wave Splitting Measurements
Authors: Zhang Yanwei , Gao Stephen S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The time window for analyzing local shear-wave splitting (SWS) phases significantly affects the quality of measurements, revealing a noteworthy domain influence. In this study, an approach using convolutional neural network (CNN) is applied to determine the end of time window (e), which has a similar idea of the phase-picking CNNs. The start of time window is 0.5 s before e. Our data set contains 803 human-labeled measurements, recorded from three stations located in Ridgecrest, California. These measurements are foreshocks and aftershocks of an M 7.1 earthquake on 6 July 2019. After 21 times shifting on each measurement, 90% of the data set is applied as the training data set, with the remaining 10% as the testing data set. The performance of CNN with the testing data set is compared with a nonmachine learning method, multiple filter automatic splitting technique (MFAST). The results reveal that the CNN yields more similar results with human-labeled outcomes than MFAST, as evidenced by lower absolute error and standard deviation for e, SWS time, the orientation of fast-wave polarization, and more consistent results on the map. The CNN also performs well when applied to data recorded by a station in Parkfield, California. This study shows the outstanding performance of CNN in picking the time window and the reliable automatic determination of this time window, and it is also a crucial step for future development of automatic ranking methodologies.
The Changing Role of the United States in the Global Agricultural Trade
Authors: Korotkikh Alla 
Published: July 2024

The agriculture sector in the United States depends upon exports for its vitality. Sales of U.S. agricultural products abroad are responsible for 20 percent of U.S. farm income, supporting more than one million American jobs on and off the farm, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
The U.S. Government pays great attention to supporting exports as an important factor in the stability of agriculture and the well-being of American farmers. The U.S. Department of Agriculture implements more than 20 state programs for financial, informational, educational and technical support for exports; its representative offices abroad are actively working to promote American agricultural products and search for new markets. Free Intergovernmental Trade Agreements help expand foreign markets for U.S. producers and exporters by reducing or eliminating trade barriers, protecting U.S. economic interests.
The ХХ1st century has brought increased competition in the world market due to the entry of new exporters. The competitive prices they offer and the high quality of products for many importers became significant factors that determined the choice in favor of these countries. As a result, the U.S. position in the world market has noticeably deteriorated. The country has lost its leadership in exporting a number of major agricultural products, and for the first time in 60 years, the United States has become a net importer of agricultural products.