bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method for detecting navigable areas in narrow rivers under complex reflection conditions
Authors: Zhang Kai , Hu Min , Yu Daoyang , Bao Yanwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe perception of unmanned surface vehicles is significantly influenced by the detection of navigable areas in narrow rivers. Conventional semantic segmentation networks are unable to resolve the numerous interferences on the water's surface, including highlights and inverted images. To solve this problem, a river surface image reflection removal generative adversarial network (RRGAN) is proposed to eliminate the interference of harsh water surface environment. The proposed RRGAN only uses a single generator to reduce the number of parameters. By adding AdaLIN layers in the generator to enhance the ability to generate low‐reflection images, the AdaLIN encoder (AdaLINE) is proposed to automatically generate normalized affine parameters. In addition, a cycle semantic consistency loss function with a single generator is proposed to ensure that the water region of the generated images remains unchanged. Finally, a two‐stage method for detecting navigable areas is proposed. In the first stage, the RRGAN is used to remove the interference on the water surface environment. In the second stage, the semantic segmentation network is used to segment the water body from the denoised image to determine the navigable areas on the water surface. The experimental results demonstrate that, in the complex and varied narrow river environment, the suggested RRGAN method can significantly reduce the reflection interference of the water surface and improve the accuracy of the water segmentation after the reflection is removed.
Mineralization based on CSAMT data: A case study on the Gaoloushan section of Yangshan gold belt
Authors: Chen Yongling , Yang Hu , Zhan Chun , Zhang Wei , Wang Jia , Xie Dan , Wei Wei , Lamu Ciren 
Published: July 2024

AbstractYangshan gold belt (YSGB) in Gansu Province is a super‐large orogenic gold deposit located in the middle section of the Mianxian‐Lueyang arcuate suture zone (Mian‐Lue suture zone). The YSGB is mainly divided into the Gejiaowan, Anba, and Gaoloushan mine sections. The ore veins are strictly controlled by strong strain zones in the fracture zone and secondary fractures superimposed on the inherited activity and are vein‐like in general and lenticular in localities. For a long time, there have been different understandings regarding its ore‐controlling factors and mineral genesis. By utilizing controlled‐source audio‐frequency magnetotellurics (CSAMT) technology to conduct electrical characteristic studies, the deep electrical structural characteristics of the Gaoloushan section are identified, and a tectonically‐controlled geoelectric model of the deposit is established, which provides geophysical evidence for the view that the Yangshan gold mine is a tectonically‐controlled low‐temperature hydrothermal deposit in altered rock, guiding the arrangement of exploration work and identifying prospective mining areas, and thereby providing a geophysical exploration paradigm for deep exploration of large orogenic gold deposits.
Carbonized sawdust based solar absorber in a solar still for seawater desalination
Authors: Karen Wong Min Jin , Stephen Peter Advent , Wang Zhipeng , Chua Bih Lii , Liew Willey Y. H. , Melvin G. J. H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCurrent industrial technologies for seawater desalination involve high cost and energy consumption, that is, distillation and reverse osmosis, where these technologies are difficult to implement especially in developing countries. A cost‐effective, environmental‐friendly, and sustainable technology is essential in providing alternative methods for generation of clean water. Solar vapor generation is one of the potential green technologies in generating clean water, where the production and collection of clean water is made possible by using a solar absorber in a solar still. The practicality and performance of the carbonized sawdust based solar absorber in a solar still for the seawater desalination towards clean water generation was conducted outdoors with gradual enhancement on the solar still setup. The enhanced solar still with reflective surface and external thermal insulator improved the solar absorber performance, in contrast to the evaporation of the bulk seawater only and using solar absorber in the solar still without any enhancement. The average efficiency and evaporation rate of the solar absorber in the enhanced solar still was recorded at 61.5% and 0.98 kg m−2 h−1, respectively. The pH (7.52) and salinity (10 ppm) of the collected clean water meets the standard of safe water by the World Health Organization.
Eco‐friendly approach to thermal energy storage: Assessing the thermal and chemical properties of coconut biochar‐enhanced phase change material
Authors: Rajamony Reji K. , Paw Johnny K. S. , Pandey Adarsh K. , Sofiah Abd G. N. , Yadav Aman , Tak Yaw C. , Kiong Tiong S. , Mohanty Asit , Soudagar Manzoore E. M. , Fouad Yasser 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) can absorb, store, and release substantial latent heat within a specific temperature range during phase transition and have gained huge attention due to environmental concerns and energy crises. However, PCMs have a significant downside in energy storage due to their relatively lower thermal conductivity, leading to inadequate heat transfer (HT) performance. The foremost aim of the research is to synthesize an eco‐friendly coconut shell biochar (CSB) dispersed with organic A46 PCM in the temperature range of 44°C to 46°C to form a green nanocomposite. A two‐step approach is adopted to formulate the nanocomposites with different weight concentrations (0.2% and 0.8%) of green CSB particles. The developed nanocomposite's thermal conductivity and chemical stability were examined using a thermal properties analyzer and a Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer. The developed biochar composites have excellent thermal conductivity (0.39 W/m K) compared with base PCM (0.22 W/m K). Also, the developed nanocomposites were physically mixed together; there were no additional functional groups formed compared to pristine PCM, and the prepared materials were composite. Furthermore, a numerical analysis was performed using two‐dimensional energy modeling software to ascertain the HT rate of A46 composites. These thermally energized green nanocomposites show great promise for thermal energy storage and thermal management applications like battery thermal management, photovoltaic thermal systems, desalination systems, electronic cooling, building applications, and textiles.
Energy management strategies in distribution system integrating electric vehicle and battery energy storage system: A review
Authors: Vanlalchhuanawmi C. , Deb Subhasish , Onen Ahmet , Ustun Taha Selim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe electricity sector is witnessing a rise in renewable energy sources and the widespread adoption of electric vehicles, posing new challenges for distribution system. Additionally, the surge in carbon emissions resulting from industrialization and population growth continues to worsen global warming and climate change. In response, integrating electric vehicles (EVs) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) has emerged as a critical strategy, presenting both challenges and opportunities in effective energy management. BESSs offer potential solutions to mitigate these impacts. Furthermore, this review thoroughly explores issues related to lithium‐ion batteries, particularly in the context of EVs and energy management systems (EMS), identifies challenges, and provides recommendations for future research directions. The article concludes by outlining the current extent of investigation in the field of BESS and EV systems to provide researchers with a clear understanding. The escalation of carbon emissions stemming from industrialization and population expansion has worsened the effects of global warming and climate change. To address this challenge, the integration of Electric EVs and energy storage systems (ESS) has emerged as a pivotal strategy. This study examines optimization techniques, methodologies, and the evolving market landscape in distributed systems, with a focus on EVs and BESS. It also explores issues related to lithium‐ion batteries, particularly in the context of EVs and energy management systems. The article highlights the challenges and opportunities in the field of BESS and EV systems, emphasizing the need for ongoing research. BESSs offer potential solutions to mitigate these impacts. Moreover, it offers an extensive analysis of the existing BESS installations, outlining main areas of interest, pointing out difficulties, clarifying areas of unfinished study, and providing future directions.
Adaptation of the Foster‐Greer‐Thorbecke poverty measures for the measurement of catastrophic health expenditures
Authors: Ogwang Tomson , Mwabu Germano 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper we provide an adaptation of the Foster‐Greer‐Thorbecke (FGT) family of poverty measures for the measurement and analysis of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE). The adaptation entails introducing the FGT‐type family of CHE measures with a single CHE aversion parameter whose value can be increased to put greater emphasis on the health expenditure proportions that overshoot the prescribed threshold proportions for CHE characterization by the greatest margins. The subgroup decomposition property of the FGT‐type family of CHE measures (i.e., the ability to isolate the contributions of the various mutually exclusive population subgroups to the overall FGT‐type CHE measure) is discussed along with other normative properties. We also show how the estimation and subgroup decomposition of the FGT‐type family of CHE measures can be conveniently accomplished using ordinary least squares regression. An illustrative example is also provided to show how the FGT approach can provide valuable insights into the distribution of CHE among the healthcare spending units that incur CHE.
Feto‐maternal indicators of cardiac dysfunction as a justification for the cardiac origins for pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Reilly Kelly M. , Watson Chris , Ruddock Mark , Watt Joanne , Kurth Mary Jo , Fitzgerald Peter , Breathnach Fionnuala , Mone Fionnuala 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile the pathophysiology of pre‐eclampsia has been postulated as being secondary to placental dysfunction, a cardiac origin has more recently been proposed. Although an association between fetal congenital cardiovascular disease and pre‐eclampsia has been demonstrated, no precise pathophysiologic mechanism for this association has been described. This review highlights the current biophysical (including echocardiography and Doppler indices) and biochemical (including proteomic, metabolomic and genetic/transcriptomic) markers of cardiac dysfunction that have been investigated in maternal and fetal cardiac disease and their overlap with predictors of pre‐eclampsia. Common pathways of inflammatory and anti‐angiogenesis imbalance, endothelial damage, and oxidative stress have been demonstrated in both cardiovascular disease and pre‐eclampsia and further investigation into these pathways could help to elucidate the common pathophysiologic mechanisms linking these disorders.
Impact of previous gestational diabetes management on perinatal outcomes in subsequent pregnancies affected by gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Klein Dahlia , Berezowsky Alexandra , Melamed Nir , Barret Jon , Ray Joel , Persaud Mira , Murray‐Davis Beth , McDonald Sarah D. , Geary Michael P. , Berger Howard , Ashwal Eran 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the impact of prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on perinatal outcomes in a subsequent GDM pregnancy.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 544 multiparous patients with two consecutive pregnancies between 2012‐2019, where the second (index) pregnancy was affected by GDM. The primary exposure was prior GDM diagnosis, categorized into medical and dietary management. The primary outcome was a composite including need for pharmacotherapy, large‐for‐gestational age, or neonatal hypoglycemia. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated using multivariable logistic regression controlling for maternal age, pre‐pregnancy body mass index, and gestational age at GDM diagnosis in the index pregnancy.ResultsOf the 544 patients, 164 (30.1%) had prior GDM. Prior GDM significantly increased the likelihood of composite outcome compared to no prior GDM (74.4% vs. 57.4%; P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, prior GDM remained significantly associated with the composite outcome (aOR 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31–3.15). Stratifying by prior GDM treatment modality, a significant association was found for prior pharmacotherapy‐controlled GDM (aOR 3.29, 95% CI 1.64–6.59), but not for prior diet‐controlled GDM (aOR = 1.54, 95% CI 0.92–2.60).ConclusionA history of pharmacotherapy‐controlled GDM in a previous pregnancy increases odds of adverse perinatal outcomes in a subsequent GDM pregnancy.
Diagnosis and management of common sleep disorders during the perinatal period
Authors: Kumar Niraj , Saini Lokesh Kumar , Gupta Ravi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe perinatal period is a critical phase in a woman's life characterized by significant physical, emotional, and societal changes. Sleep disorders such as insomnia, restless legs syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, and poor sleep quality have been observed to increase in prevalence during the perinatal period. Given the harmful impact of sleep disturbances on the health of both mother and newborn, it is crucial to diagnose and treat them promptly. There is a paucity of literature on sleep problems during the perinatal period. This narrative review aimed to summarize the existing evidence and provide suggestions for promptly identifying and managing these disorders.
Oligohydramnios and an empty bladder with normal renal morphology: Renal tubular dysgenesis is an important consideration in the prenatal setting
Authors: Yu Qiu‐Xia , Liu Na , Xiao Zhi‐Qing , Li Dong‐Zhi 
Published: July 2024

SynopsisOur study indicates that if oligohydramnios is noted but with an unremarkable fetal renal scan, autosomal recessive renal tubular dysgenesis should be enlisted as a main differential diagnosis.
Peer tutoring as an empowering literacy practice for bilingual Students with Interrupted Formal Education
Authors: Thomason Betty , Ward Natalia A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHeightened attention to the importance of equitable educational practices in today's schools reveals a growing number of emergent bilingual students who have not received consistent formal education and may be struggling with overall literacy. Labeled as Students with Interrupted Formal Education (SIFE), these learners require novel educational approaches to address their specific academic and social needs. The purpose of this discussion article is to suggest the utility of peer tutoring as a vehicle for increasing literacy and overall sense of belonging for adolescent bilingual SIFE.
SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Protein Induces Time‐Dependent CTSL Upregulation in HeLa Cells and Alveolarspheres
Authors: Bolsinger Magdalena M. , Drobny Alice , Wilfling Sibylle , Reischl Stephanie , Krach Florian , Moritz Raul , Balta Denise , Hehr Ute , Sock Elisabeth , Bleibaum Florian , Hanses Frank , Winner Beate , Huarcaya Susy Prieto , Arnold Philipp , Zunke Friederike 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAutophagy and lysosomal pathways are involved in the cell entry of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus. To infect the host cell, the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 binds to the cell surface receptor angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). To allow the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane, the spike protein has to be cleaved. One possible mechanism is the endocytosis of the SARS‐CoV‐2–ACE2 complex and subsequent cleavage of the spike protein, mainly by the lysosomal protease cathepsin L. However, detailed molecular and dynamic insights into the role of cathepsin L in viral cell entry remain elusive. To address this, HeLa cells and iPSC‐derived alveolarspheres were treated with recombinant SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein, and the changes in mRNA and protein levels of cathepsins L, B, and D were monitored. Additionally, we studied the effect of cathepsin L deficiency on spike protein internalization and investigated the influence of the spike protein on cathepsin L promoters in vitro. Furthermore, we analyzed variants in the genes coding for cathepsin L, B, D, and ACE2 possibly associated with disease progression using data from Regeneron's COVID Results Browser and our own cohort of 173 patients with COVID‐19, exhibiting a variant of ACE2 showing significant association with COVID‐19 disease progression. Our in vitro studies revealed a significant increase in cathepsin L mRNA and protein levels following exposure to the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein in HeLa cells, accompanied by elevated mRNA levels of cathepsin B and D in alveolarspheres. Moreover, an increase in cathepsin L promoter activity was detected in vitro upon spike protein treatment. Notably, the knockout of cathepsin L resulted in reduced internalization of the spike protein. The study highlights the importance of cathepsin L and lysosomal proteases in the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein internalization and suggests the potential of lysosomal proteases as possible therapeutic targets against COVID‐19 and other viral infections.
Influence of different standing positions on anatomical parameters of coronal whole‐leg weight‐bearing radiographs in preoperative planning for high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Kamiya Tomoaki , Hamaoka Kodai , Ono Akira , Okada Yohei , Emori Makoto , Teramoto Atsushi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the differences in lower limb global alignment and anatomical parameters of coronal whole‐leg radiographs, which were generally used in preoperative planning for high tibial osteotomy (HTO), according to different weight‐bearing standing positions.MethodsBetween April 2021 and December 2022, 176 patients (60 males and 116 females) were investigated. Full‐weight‐bearing coronal whole‐leg radiographs were obtained with the patella centred on the femoral condyle. Patients were divided by Kellgren–Lawrence grade (KL‐0, KL‐I, KL‐II and KL‐III) and assessed in two standing positions: legs closed and legs spread. Patients with flexion contractures or those unable to stand with full weight bearing were excluded. The mechanical distal femoral angle, medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), femorotibial angle, joint line convergence angle, percentage weight‐bearing line (%WBL) and hip‐knee‐ankle angle (HKAA) were measured. The Student's t test was used to compare the two standing positions. A p value < 0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference.ResultsThe MPTAs of legs closed standing and legs spread standing were 84.9 ± 2.6° and 85.1 ± 2.4° in KL‐0, 84.7 ± 2.0° and 84.9 ± 2.1° in KL‐I and 85.0 ± 2.43° and 85.4 ± 2.4° in KL‐II, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the MPTA between the two standing positions in KL‐0, KL‐I and KL‐II. In contrast, the %WBL and HKAA did not change regardless of the standing position. In the KL‐III group, no statistical significance was observed for any of the anatomical parameters.ConclusionSeveral anatomical parameters were changed between the legs closed standing and the legs spread standing positions. It was suggested that the standing position should be taken into consideration in the planning for HTO.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, Case series with no comparison group.
Required force for distraction during medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy may serve as a predictive indicator for lateral hinge fracture
Authors: Soykan Baran , Vahabi Arman , Kaya Biçer Elcil , Uzun Bora , Aydoğdu Semih 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionMedial open wedge high tibial osteotomy is a biological procedure for treating unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis. The literature repeatedly highlights the significance of preserving an intact lateral hinge during this procedure. We investigated the temporal course of distraction forces during distraction at the osteotomy site, aiming to quantitatively measure and analyse temporal changes in distraction forces at different distraction points for intact and fractured lateral hinges.Materials and MethodsThis biomechanical study was conducted on 10 human cadavers, which were divided into two groups: one with preserved 1 cm intact lateral cortexes (ILCs) and the other with completely osteotomised fractured lateral cortexes (FLCs). An experimental setup was custom designed to facilitate the required force measurement during distraction. The distraction forces were recorded with a force gauge at 0.5‐mm intervals throughout the distraction.ResultsThere was a significant difference between the ILC and FLC groups in distraction forces at all points (8–15 mm). The ILC group consistently exhibited higher distraction force values, with FLC recording values ranging from 8.8% to 13.2% of ILC's. Lateral hinge fractures caused an 86.7% reduction in the initial required force for distraction, significantly impacting the force required for distraction. The ILC group displayed a linear increase in the required distraction force up to 12.5 mm of distraction, which reached 3.7 times the initial value at 12.5 mm of distraction. The FLC group had lower baseline required distraction forces, following a relatively linear trend with more limited increases.ConclusionFLCs in medial opening wedge osteotomy are associated with significant reductions in the force required for distraction, and a sudden decrease in distraction force during distraction may indicate a lateral hinge fracture. Force measurement devices for use during distraction could offer valuable insights and provide surgeons with immediate warnings for LHFs.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.