bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mallard hindlimbs locomotion system respond to changes in sandy ground hardness and slope
Authors: Han Dianlei , Ren Lizhi , Liu Hairui , Hu Jinrui , Li Guoyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMallards inhabit soft grounds such as mudflats, marshes, and beaches, demonstrating remarkable proficiency in traversing these grounds. This adeptness is closely linked to the adjustments in the operation of their hindlimbs. This study employs high-speed videography to observe postural adjustments during locomotion across mudflats. Analysis of spatiotemporal parameters of the hindlimbs reveals transient and continuous changes in joints (tarsometatarso-phalangeal joint (TMTPJ), intertarsal joint (ITJ), knee, and hip) during movement on different ground hardness and slope (horizontal and uphill). The results indicate that as the stride length of the mallard increases, its speed also increases. Additionally, the stance phase duration decreases, leading to a decrease in the duty factor. Reduced ground hardness and increased slope lead to delayed adjustment of the TMTPJ, ITJ, and knee. Mallards adjust their stride length by augmenting ITJ flexion on steeper slopes, while reduced hardness prompts a decrease in TMTPJ flexion at touch-down. Additionally, the hip undergoes two brief extensions during the stance phase, indicating its crucial role in posture adjustment and propulsion on uphill grounds. Overall, the hindlimb joints of the mallard function as a whole musculoskeletal system, with each joint employing a distinct strategy for adjusting to adapt to various ground conditions.
Association of litter size with the ruminal microbiome structure and metabolomic profile in goats
Authors: Raza Sayed Haidar Abbas , Khan Muhammad , Ni Xiaojun , Zhao Xiaoqi , Yang Hongyuan , Jiang Yanting , Danzeng Baiji , Ouyang Yina , Pant Sameer D. , Zhong Ruimin , Quan Guobo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Yunshang black goat is a renowned mutton specialist breed mainly originating from China that has excellent breeding ability with varying litter sizes. Litter size is an important factor in the economics of goat farming. However, ruminal microbiome structure might be directly or indirectly regulated by pregnancy-associated factors, including litter sizes. Therefore, the current experiment aimed to evaluate the association of different litter sizes (low versus high) with ruminal microbiome structure by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomic profiling of Yunshang black does. A total of twenty does of the Yunshang Black breed, approximately aged between 3 and 4 years, were grouped (n = 10 goats/group) into low (D-l) and high (D-h) litter groups according to their litter size (the lower group has ≤ 2 kids/litter and the high group has ≧ 3 kids/litter, respectively). All goats were sacrificed, and collected ruminal fluid samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing and LC–MS/MC Analysis for ruminal microbiome and metabolomic profiling respectively. According to PCoA analysis, the ruminal microbiota was not significantly changed by the litter sizes among the groups. The Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most dominant phyla, with an abundance of 55.34% and 39.62%, respectively. However, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-009, Sediminispirochaeta, and Paraprevotella were significantly increased in the D-h group, whereas Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 and Howardella were found to be significantly decreased in the D-l group. The metabolic profiling analysis revealed that litter size impacts metabolites as 29 and 50 metabolites in positive and negative ionic modes respectively had significant differences in their regulation. From them, 16 and 24 metabolites of the D-h group were significantly down-regulated in the positive ionic mode, while 26 metabolites were up-regulated in the negative ionic mode for the same group. The most vibrant identified metabolites, including methyl linoleate, acetylursolic acid, O-desmethyl venlafaxine glucuronide, melanostatin, and arginyl-hydroxyproline, are involved in multiple biochemical processes relevant to rumen roles. The identified differential metabolites were significantly enriched in 12 different pathways including protein digestion and absorption, glycerophospholipid metabolism, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, and the mTOR signaling pathway. Spearman’s correlation coefficient analysis indicated that metabolites and microbial communities were tightly correlated and had significant differences between the D-l and D-h groups. Based on the results, the present study provides novel insights into the regulation mechanisms of the rumen microbiota and metabolomic profiles leading to different fertility in goats, which can give breeders some enlightenments to further improve the fertility of Yunshang Black goats.
Analysis of the performance of the CorneAI for iOS in the classification of corneal diseases and cataracts based on journal photographs
Authors: Taki Yosuke , Ueno Yuta , Oda Masahiro , Kitaguchi Yoshiyuki , Ibrahim Osama M. A. , Aketa Naohiko , Yamaguchi Takefumi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCorneAI for iOS is an artificial intelligence (AI) application to classify the condition of the cornea and cataract into nine categories: normal, infectious keratitis, non-infection keratitis, scar, tumor, deposit, acute primary angle closure, lens opacity, and bullous keratopathy. We evaluated its performance to classify multiple conditions of the cornea and cataract of various races in images published in the Cornea journal. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the top classification with the highest predictive score was 0.75, and the PPV for the top three classifications exceeded 0.80. For individual diseases, the highest PPVs were 0.91, 0.73, 0.42, 0.72, 0.77, and 0.55 for infectious keratitis, normal, non-infection keratitis, scar, tumor, and deposit, respectively. CorneAI for iOS achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5–1.0) for normal, 0.76 (95% CI 0.67–0.85) for infectious keratitis, 0.81 (95% CI 0.64–0.97) for non-infection keratitis, 0.55 (95% CI 0.41–0.69) for scar, 0.62 (95% CI 0.27–0.97) for tumor, and 0.71 (95% CI 0.53–0.89) for deposit. CorneAI performed well in classifying various conditions of the cornea and cataract when used to diagnose journal images, including those with variable imaging conditions, ethnicities, and rare cases.
The sandwich technique used for correction of pectus carinatum combined with Harrison sulcus
Authors: Shang Ziyin , Duan Xianlun , Hong Chun , Si Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the feasibility of the sandwich technique to treat pectus carinatum combined with Harrison sulcus. We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 38 paediatric patients with pectus carinatum combined with Harrison sulcus treated from June 2015 to October 2022. All the patients underwent surgery using the sandwich technique. The surgical conditions and postoperative outcomes of the patients and the satisfaction score of family members were analysed. Overall, the patients had a mean duration of surgery of 179.05 ± 36.01 min, intraoperative blood loss of 10.03 ± 2.77 mL, postoperative hospital stay of 6.89 ± 0.73 days, and postoperative satisfaction score of 89.4 ± 4.6. The incidence of surgical complications was 7.89%. The internal fixation stents were removed in 22 patients, and there was no recurrence during a follow-up 371.4 ± 6.3 days post-stent removal. These results were satisfactory. The use of the sandwich technique to treat this condition does not reduce the volume of the thorax after the procedure and results in an aesthetically pleasing incision, less complications, and fast postoperative recovery. Thus, it is a safe and effective method that is worthy of being promoted for clinical application.
A visual security multi-key selection image encryption algorithm based on a new four-dimensional chaos and compressed sensing
Authors: Zhu Shuqin , Zhu Congxu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this article, a visual security image encryption algorithm based on compressed sensing is proposed. The algorithm consists of two stages: the compression and encryption stage and the embedding stage. The key streams in the compression and encryption stage are generated by a newly constructed four-dimensional discrete chaotic map, while the Gaussian measurement matrix is generated by a Chebyshev map, and both of their generations are related to the feature code of the carrier image, which enhances the security of the ciphertext. In the compression and encryption stage, a scrambling-cyclic shift-diffusion encryption structure is adopted for the compressed image in which the shift number in the cyclic shift stage and the diffusion key streams are dynamically changed according to each pixel value, so the algorithm can resist chosen plaintext attack. In the embedding stage, the carrier image is first subjected to integer wavelet transform to obtain the high-frequency and low-frequency components of the image, and then the intermediate ciphertext information is embedded into its high-frequency components. Finally, the carrier image is subjected to inverse integer wavelet transform to obtain a visually secure ciphertext image. The experimental results and security analysis indicate that the encryption scheme has a large key space, high decryption key sensitivity, similar histogram distribution between the carrier image and the visual security ciphertext image, and good robustness to noise attacks.
SLPI overexpression in hMSCs could be implicated in the HSC gene expression profile in AML
Authors: Azevedo Pedro L. , Maradei Simone , de Sá Bigni Ricardo , Santos Ramires Aragao Jordana , Abdelhay Eliana , Binato Renata 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a severe haematological neoplasm that originates from the transformation of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into leukaemic stem cells (LSCs). The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, particularly that of mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs), plays a crucial role in the maintenance of HSCs. In this context, we explored whether alterations in the secretome of hMSCs derived from AML patients (hMSC-AML) could impact HSC gene expression. Proteomic analysis revealed that the secretome of coculture assays with hMSC-AMLs and HSC from healthy donor is altered, with increased levels of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a protein associated with important processes for maintenance of the haematopoietic niche that has already been described to be altered in several tumours. Increased SLPI expression was also observed in the BM plasma of AML patients. Transcriptome analysis of HSCs cocultured with hMSC-AML in comparison with HSCs cocultured with hMSC-HD revealed altered expression of SLPI target genes associated with the cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis. Important changes were identified, such as increased expression levels of CCNA2, CCNE2, CCND2, CD133 and CDK1 and decreased levels of CDKN2A and IGFBP3, among others. Overall, these findings suggest that the altered secretome of coculture assays with hMSC-AMLs and HSC from healthy donor, particularly increased SLPI expression, can contribute to gene expression changes in HSCs, potentially influencing important molecular mechanisms related to AML development and progression.
A shape-independent analytical method for gear mesh stiffness with asymmetric spalling defects
Authors: Jin Yi , Zhang Qingyuan , Chen Yunxia , Zu Tianpei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpalling, a common failure mechanism of gear systems, greatly affects the dynamics of gears operation, which is reflected in the time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS). Current TVMS models often overestimate the asymmetric spalling phenomenon and may lead to inaccuracy in identifying and predicting the spalling failure. To address this problem, in this paper, a new stiffness, namely torsional stiffness, is introduced to quantify the effect of asymmetric spalling defects, and an equivalent stiffness calculation method for different asymmetric shapes is proposed. Based on this, a shape-independent TVMS model is constructed, which can realize the fast calculation of TVMS for spalling defects with different shapes at arbitrary asymmetric locations. Furthermore, a FEM-based validation method is developed by considering diverse loading states and improving the current result extraction method. Case studies are presented to illustrate the proposed model and to analyze the effects of different types of asymmetric spalling defects on gear dynamics. The FEM validation has shown that the proposed model has a good effectiveness.
Comparison of thermal, rheological properties of Finnish Pinus sp. and Brazilian Eucalyptus sp. black liquors and their impact on recovery units
Authors: Nuncira Jesús , Manoel Getúlio Francisco , Ribas Batalha Larisse Ap. , Gonçalves Lindomar Matias , Mendoza-Martinez Clara , Cardoso Marcelo , Vakkilainen Esa K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBlack liquor (BL) is the major bioproduct and biomass fuel in pulp mill processes. However, the high viscosity of BL makes it a challenging material to work with, resulting in issues with evaporators and heat exchangers during its transport and processing. The thermal and rheological properties of BLs from Pinus sp. (PBL) and Eucalyptus sp. (EBL) were studied. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of the characteristic functional groups and the chemical composition in liquors. TGA/DTG curves showed three characteristic degradation stages related to evaporation of water, pyrolysis of organic groups, and condensation of char. Rheologically, liquors are classified as non-Newtonian and with comportment pseudoplastic. Their rheological dynamic shear properties included a linear viscoelastic region up to 1% shear strain, while frequency sweeps showed that storage modulus (Gʹ) > loss modulus (Gʹʹ), thus confirming the solid-like behavior of both BLs. The rheological study demonstrated that increasing the temperature and oscillatory deformations of PBL and EBL decreased their degree of viscoelasticity, which could favor their pumping and handling within the pulp mill, as well as the droplet formation and swelling characteristics in the recovery furnace.
On analysis of topological indices and heat of formation for benzyl sulfamoyl network via curve fitting model
Authors: Yang Hong , Hanif Muhammad Farhan , Siddiqui Muhammad Kamran , Hanif Muhammad Faisal , Maqbool Ayesha , Fiidow Mohamed Abubakar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe study explores the intricate relationship between topological indices and the heat of formation in the benzyl sulfamoyl network. Topological indices of benzyl sulfamoyl networks are studied and also emphasize their properties statistically. The benzyl sulfamoyl has unique properties due to its crystalline structure and it is used in the form of artificial substance. We analyze the distributions and correlations of the benzyl sulfamoyl network with others by using statistical methods and also build a computational analysis for topological indices. The findings show a strong association between the variables, indicating that topological indices may be used to accurately predict thermodynamic characteristics and improve the effectiveness of molecular modelling and simulation procedures.
Enhancing residential energy access with optimized stand-alone hybrid solar-diesel-battery systems in Buea, Cameroon
Authors: Amoussou Isaac , Paddy Eriisa Yiga , Agajie Takele Ferede , Ibrahim Fuseini Seidu , Agajie Elsabet Ferede , Nsanyuy Wirnkar Basil , Bajaj Mohit , Mohammadi Shir Ahmad Dost 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study examined the optimal size of an autonomous hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for a residential application in Buea, located in the southwest region of Cameroon. Two hybrid systems, PV-Battery and PV-Battery-Diesel, have been evaluated in order to determine which was the better option. The goal of this research was to propose a dependable, low-cost power source as an alternative to the unreliable and highly unstable electricity grid in Buea. The decision criterion for the proposed HRES was the cost of energy (COE), while the system’s dependability constraint was the loss of power supply probability (LPSP). The crayfish optimization algorithm (COA) was used to optimize the component sizes of the proposed HRES, and the results were contrasted to those obtained from the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), and grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA). The MATLAB software was used to model the components, criteria, and constraints of this single-objective optimization problem. The results obtained after simulation for LPSP of less than 1% showed that the COA algorithm outperformed the other three techniques, regardless of the configuration. Indeed, the COE obtained using the COA algorithm was 0.06%, 0.12%, and 1% lower than the COE provided by the WOA, SCA, and GOA algorithms, respectively, for the PV-Battery configuration. Likewise, for the PV-Battery-Diesel configuration, the COE obtained using the COA algorithm was 0.065%, 0.13%, and 0.39% lower than the COE provided by the WOA, SCA, and GOA algorithms, respectively. A comparative analysis of the outcomes obtained for the two configurations indicated that the PV-Battery-Diesel configuration exhibited a COE that was 4.32% lower in comparison to the PV-Battery configuration. Finally, the impact of the LPSP reduction on the COE was assessed in the PV-Battery-Diesel configuration. The decrease in LPSP resulted in an increase in COE owing to the nominal capacity of the diesel generator.
Evaluating three internal fixation techniques for Pauwels III femoral neck fractures via finite element analysis
Authors: Li Ning , Cheng Kai-Yuan , Fan Jixing , Li Yu , Yang Minghui , Zhu Shiwen , Jiang Xieyuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe selection of implants for fixing unstable femoral neck fractures (FNF) remains contentious. This study employs finite element analysis to examine the biomechanics of treating Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures using cannulated compression screws (3CS), biplane double-supported screw fixation (BDSF), and the femoral neck system (FNS). A three-dimensional model of the proximal femur was developed using computed tomography scans. Fracture models of the femoral neck were created with 3CS, BDSF, and FNS fixations. Von Mises stress on the proximal femur, fracture ends, internal fixators, and model displacements were assessed and compared across the three fixation methods (3CS, BDSF, and FNS) during the heel strike of normal walking. The maximum Von Mises stress in the proximal fragment was significantly higher with 3CS fixation compared to BDSF and FNS fixations (120.45 MPa vs. 82.44 MPa and 84.54 MPa, respectively). Regarding Von Mises stress distribution at the fracture ends, the highest stress in the 3CS group was 57.32 MPa, while BDSF and FNS groups showed 51.39 MPa and 49.23 MPa, respectively. Concerning implant stress, the FNS model exhibited greater Von Mises stress compared to the 3CS and BDSF models (236.67 MPa vs. 134.86 MPa and 140.69 MPa, respectively). Moreover, BDSF displayed slightly lower total displacement than 3CS fixation (7.19 mm vs. 7.66 mm), but slightly higher displacement than FNS (7.19 mm vs. 7.03 mm). This study concludes that BDSF outperforms 3CS fixation in terms of biomechanical efficacy and demonstrates similar performance to the FNS approach. As a result, BDSF stands as a dependable alternative for treating Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures.
BSMH: Cross‐dataset object detection based on box‐separated multiple‐head
Authors: Lu Feng , Xu You Chun , Qi Yao , Xie De Sheng , Le Li Yogn 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCross‐dataset object detection methods can adapt to the needs of rapid category expansion in object detection tasks. However, these methods are prone to generate dataset‐aware errors with false alarm objects. This study is aimed to address these issues. A box‐separated multiple‐head module and box‐separated loss function based on the YOLOv8 network are devised to achieve cross‐dataset object detection. Additionally, a sameclass‐aware fusion module to avoid gradient conflicts due to cross‐category conflicts is developed. A multiple‐head fusion module is devised to reduce the number of false alarm objects caused by dataset‐aware errors. A global class‐aware sampler is also designed to adapt to the impact of the imbalanced number of categories and training samples across datasets. The effectiveness of the box‐separated multiple‐head module is verified using cross‐datasets built using the COCO, WiderFace, WiderPerson, and OpenImages V4 datasets. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficiency and precision of the proposed method.
Recovery from Sepsis: Management beyond Acute Care
Authors: Andersen Sarah K. , Herridge Margaret S. , Fiest Kirsten M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecovery from sepsis is a key global health issue, impacting 38 million sepsis survivors worldwide per year. Sepsis survivors face a wide range of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial sequelae. Readmissions to hospital following sepsis are an important driver of global healthcare utilization and cost. Family members of sepsis survivors also experience significant stressors related to their role as informal caregivers. Increasing recognition of the burdens of sepsis survivorship has led to the development of postsepsis recovery programs to better support survivors and their families, although optimal models of care remain uncertain. The goal of this article is to perform a narrative review of recovery from sepsis from the perspective of patients, families, and health systems.
Ingredients of excess
Authors: Erlewine Michael Yoshitaka , Nguyen Anne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We describe the various uses of the Vietnamese morpheme quá which appears in excessive
constructions. Unlike most other degree morphemes in Vietnamese, quá can precede or follow its gradable
predicate, and we argue that these two different uses convey excess in very different ways: pre-predicate quá
encodes purpose-oriented excessive truth conditions, whereas post-predicate quá is a comparative which projects a
not-at-issue malefactive inference. We propose that the two constructions trace back to pre- and post-predicate 過
kua` in Middle Chinese, motivated by comparisons with cognate constructions in contemporary Chinese languages. We
also describe two other uses of quá, as an intensifier with speaker commitment and as an exclamative marker, and
explain how they developed from the excessives. This study thus offers an explanatory account of the various uses of this
multifunctional expression and the relationships between them, grounded in the history of the language and in principles of
semantic change.
Legalities of language use in linguistic landscaping
Authors: Manalastas Nicko Enrique L. , Auxtero Sean Virgil J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Linguistic landscapes, according to Backhaus (2009: 170), are
“consciously shaped and controlled by official rules and regulations.” However, the current body of Philippine linguistic
landscape research – under-studied as it already is – lacks a close examination of Philippine national laws governing the
(re)production of public signage. This paper therefore investigates the linguistic and ideological underpinnings of select
[…] national sign laws by situating these not only within the context of their legal precedents, mandates, and history but
also through an examination of 600 public signs collected from six diverse region centers in the Philippines. It examines how
national laws prefer English in public signs over local and Indigenous languages, thereby perpetuating what Phillipson (1992) calls “English linguistic imperialism” and exacerbating the unequal power dynamics
between those who speak English and those who do not in the Philippines.