bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Down regulation of CAII is associated with tumor differentiation and poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sheng Weiwei , Dong Ming , Zhou Jianping , Li Xin , Dong Qi 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAltered expression of carbonic anhydrase (CA)I and II associated with human carcinogenesis. But there was no definite study investigating their expression for clinical significance in pancreatic cancer and effect of the CA inhibitor acetazolamide (AZ) on regulation biological behavior of pancreatic cancer cells.MethodsImmunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, immunoblot, and qRT‐PCR were used to detect CAI, II, and p53 expression. Tumor cell viability, apoptosis, and invasion assays were used to investigate the effect of AZ on pancreatic cancer cells.ResultsExpression of CAI and p53 was increased in pancreatic cancer than that in paired non‐cancerous tissues (P = 0.021; P = 0.007), whereas CAII was down‐regulated in pancreatic cancer (P = 0.001). CAI overexpression was associated with tumor differentiation and negatively with vascular invasion (P = 0.015 and P = 0.018, respectively), while overexpression of CAII was associated with tumor differentiation (P = 0.017) and a better prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients (P = 0.017), and was an independent prognostic indicator (P = 0.011). p53 overexpression was related with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.032) and TNM stage (P = 0.016). Treatment with AZ inhibited tumor cell validity, invasion, and induced apoptosis in some of six pancreatic cancer cells.ConclusionThis study suggests the clinical significance of CAI, CAII and p53 expression in pancreatic cancer and provides evidence for AZ as a potential target for controlling pancreatic cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:536–543. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcomes of surgery aiming at curative resection in good responder to induction chemotherapy for gastric cancer with distant metastases
Authors: Han Dong‐Seok , Suh Yun‐Suhk , Kong Seong‐Ho , Lee Hyuk‐Joon , Im Seock‐Ah , Bang Yung‐Jue , Kim Woo‐Ho , Yang Han‐Kwang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study is to analyze the outcome of surgery with curative intent in good responder to induction chemotherapy for gastric cancer with distant metastases (M1 gastric cancer).Materials and MethodsWe reviewed M1 gastric cancer patients in whom radiologic evaluation suggests disappearance of metastatic lesion after chemotherapy and received operation from January 2000 to December 2009. Clinicopathologic variables and oncologic outcomes were evaluated.ResultsOf the 34 patients who underwent surgery with curative intent after chemotherapy, overall R0 resection rate was 76.5% (26/34). R0 resection rate was 88.0% (22/25) in initial one metastatic site and 44.4% (4/9) in two metastatic sites (P = 0.017). Postoperative morbidity and mortality rate were 14.7% and 0%. Recurrence rate was 61.5% (16/26) after R0 resection. Median survival was 22.9 and 7.8 months according to R0 versus non‐R0 resection (P = 0.033). After R0 resection, 3‐year overall survival was 51.7% in ypN0‐2 stage group.ConclusionThe present study provides evidence that in patients with M1 gastric cancer which confined to one site who respond well to induction chemotherapy, a higher rate of R0 resection and longer survival can be expected. A multicenter cohort study is needed to explore this concept further. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:511–516. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polymers as Probes for Multimodal Imaging with MRI
Authors: Thurecht Kristofer J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMultimodal imaging agents provide unique opportunities to probe disease states in vivo. The development of polymeric molecular imaging agents that combine the high‐resolution capabilities of MRI with other more sensitive techniques leads to significant possibilities for increasing our understanding of biological processes in live animals. To fully utilise this capability, advanced architectural polymers are being developed in which the material properties of the multimodal imaging agent are underpinned by a strong understanding of the underlying synthetic and physical chemistry of the macromolecules. In this report, the development of new polymers as multimodal imaging agents utilising MRI for preclinical in vivo studies is described.
Controlled Fabrication of Uniform Hollow Bowl‐Shaped Microspheres Based on Polyphosphazene Material
Authors: Pan Tingjun , Huang Xiaobin , Wei Hao , Tang Xiaozhen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMicro or nanoparticles with hollow interiors are receiving immense attention owing to their unique hollow structure and wide application potential. A novel hollow bowl‐shaped microsphere based on a polyphosphazene material is successfully fabricated for the first time by a facile solvent‐treatment process. Based on SEM and TEM observations, the obtained particle is proven to be uniform with a shell thickness of about 120 nm, and a tentative formation mechanism is suggested. By combination of the unique bowl‐shaped structure, uniform microsize, and the superior properties of the hybrid polyphosphazene material, the products are envisioned to have promising applications in microreactors to fabricate functional composite particles, in catalysis, or the biomedical domain.
New Applications of Photolabile Nitrobenzyl Groups in Polymers
Authors: Thomas Samuel W. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis article describes progress in the author's laboratory in two new areas of photoresponsive polymers: (1) photochemical control of electrostatics, and (2) conjugated materials with photocleavable pendants. In both cases, incorporation of o‐nitrobenzyl esters (NBEs) imparts this photoreactivity. NBE‐derivatized, ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)‐derived polycations form positive photoresist layer‐by‐layer (LbL) films that dissolve in base upon irradiation. NBE‐derivatized conjugated oligomers show photoactivated fluorescence, whereas NBE‐substituted polythiophenes are negative photoresists due to photolysis of solubilizing alkyl chains.
Fabrication of Silk Fibroin/P(LLA‐CL) Aligned Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Nerve Tissue Engineering
Authors: Zhang Kuihua , Jinglei Wu , Huang Chen , Mo Xiumei 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAligned nanofibers are an attractive option in neural tissue engineering due to providing topographic cues for cell and axonal growth. Aligned and radom 25:75 wt% silk fibroin/poly[(L‐lactic acid)‐co‐(ε‐caprolactone)] nanofibrous scaffolds are fabricated via electrospinning. The mechanical properties of aligned scaffolds present a strong anisotropy, with much higher tensile strength in parallel than in perpendicular direction. Schwann cell viability studies show that aligned scaffolds significantly promote cell growth and the direction of SC elongation is parallel to the direction of fibers for aligned scaffolds. These results suggest that aligned nanofibrous scaffolds might be potential candidates for nerve tissue engineering.magnified image
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Water Vapor Permeability in Chitosan Biofilms Using Sorbitol and Glycerol
Authors: de Moura Catarina Motta , de Moura Jaqueline Motta , dos Santos Jaqueline Pozzada , da Costa Kosinski Roberta , Dotto Guilherme Luiz , de Almeida Pinto Luiz Antonio 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSummary: Chitosan biofilms were prepared with and without plasticizer (glycerol and sorbitol). The physical and mechanical properties of chitosan biofilms with and without plasticizer were evaluated. Chitosan was obtained from shrimp wastes and characterized. The film forming solution (FFS) was obtained through chitosan dissolution and drying. The solution had its pH adjusted to 6.0 and oven dried (40 °C, 24 h) with forced air circulation. Chitosan biofilms without plasticizer showed a tensile strength about 36% higher than biofilms produced with plasticizer. On the other hand, biofilms with plasticizer presented superior values of elongation. The permeability of the water vapor and color presented significant difference (p < 0.05) between all biofilms. Chitosan/plasticizer biofilms showed higher values of water vapor permeability in relation to chitosan biofilms without plasticizer.
Mechanical Behavior of Unidirectional Curaua Fiber and Glass Fiber Composites
Authors: de Oliveira Felipe Hörlle , Helfer Ana Luiza , Amico Sandro Campos 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSummary: This work intends to promote the use of natural fibers by comparing the behavior of isophthalic polyester matrix composites reinforced with unidirectional curaua fibers with that of unidirectional glass fiber composites. The composites were produced varying the reinforcement angle (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90°) with the aim of studying the fiber orientation effect on composite strength. Composites were also made varying the fiber volume fraction (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%). The efficiency of an alkaline (5% NaOH) surface treatment of the curaua fiber was also evaluated. The unidirectional composites were characterized using tensile, flexural and short beam tests as per ASTM standards. The properties of a lamina reinforced with either glass or curaua fibers were also studied using theoretical micromechanical approach available in commercial software. The curaua fiber alkaline treatment produced higher tensile strength results compared with untreated fibers. The increase in reinforcement angle significantly decreased strength and modulus of the composites, as expected, and the glass fiber composites showed a more pronounced dependence with fiber orientation. Although the glass fiber laminas showed the best mechanical performance, the results obtained with the curaua fibers were considered similar for angles greater than 45°.
Styrene Miniemulsion Polymerization: Incorporation of N‐Alkanes
Authors: Capeletto Claudia A. , Sayer Claudia , de Araújo Pedro H. H. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSummary: In this work, the incorporation of alkane hydrocarbons in poly(styrene‐co‐methacrylic acid) particles via miniemulsion polymerization was investigated. The reactions were performed at 80 °C for 4 hours, using benzoyl peroxide as oil‐soluble initiator. The effects of different concentrations of a hydrophilic co‐monomer (methacrylic acid) and different types and concentrations of alkanes, namely n‐hexadecane, n‐octane and n‐heptane were evaluated. Miniemulsion stability at room temperature and reaction kinetics were monitored, as well as the particles size and morphology. Results show the viability of encapsulation of alkanes in miniemulsion polymerizations, especially of alkanes with intermediate chain lengths (e.g. n‐hexadecane). When short chain alkanes are incorporated the miniemulsions become less stable, due to their lower hydrophobicity. Based on monomer droplet size distribution data, it was determined that the best concentration of hydrophilic co‐monomer for the studied system was 1.0 wt%.
Factors influencing microsurgical skill acquisition during a dedicated training course
Authors: Nugent Emmeline , Joyce Cormac , Perez‐Abadia Gustavo , Frank Johannes , Sauerbier Michael , Neary Paul , Gallagher Anthony G. , Traynor Oscar , Carroll Sean 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackground:Proficient microsurgical skills are considered essential in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Specialized courses offer trainees opportunity to improve their technical skills. Trainee aptitude may play an important role in the ability of a trainee to acquire proficient skills as individuals have differing fundamental abilities. We delivered an intensive 5‐day microsurgical training course. We objectively assessed the impact of the course on microsurgical skill acquisition and whether aptitudes as assessed with psychometric tests were related to surgical performance.Methods:Sixteen surgical trainees (male = 10 and female = 6) participated in the courses. Trainees' visual spatial, perceptual, and psychomotor aptitudes were assessed on day 1 of the course. The trainees' performance of an end‐to‐end arterial anastomosis was assessed on days 2 and 5. Surgical performance was assessed with objective structured assessment of technical skills(OSATS) and time to complete the task.Results:The trainees showed a significant improvement in OSATS scores from days 2 to 5 (P < 0.001) and the time taken to complete the anastomosis (P < 0.001). Aptitude scores correlated strongly with objectively assessed microsurgical skill performance for male trainees but not for females.Conclusions:We demonstrated that participating in a microsurgical training course results in significant improvement in objectively assessed microvascular surgical skills. The degree of skills improvement was strongly correlated with psychomotor aptitude assessments scores for male trainees. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Encouraging bystanders to help in stopping violence against children
Authors: Cismaru Magdalena 
Published: October 2012

Violence against children is a matter of great concern for most Americans, especially because of its associated risk of death. Violence against children is often witnessed by parents, guardians, neighbours, peers or friends of the abused child and also by strangers. These witnesses or bystanders play a significant role in reporting the incidents to the authorities, but they are often reluctant to get involved because of a number of reasons, including a fear of the potential negative consequences and a lack of proper knowledge to intercede. We examined the role of bystander intervention in campaigns addressing violence against children, by identifying, gathering and analysing several campaigns from a variety of English‐language websites. We provide a description of the key themes and messages being used in initiatives addressing violence against children and discuss how the components of the initiatives correspond with a model of bystander intervention applied in the area of child abuse. The results show that although these campaigns are generally consistent with the literature, they sometimes have a narrow focus, which may limit their effectiveness. Recommendations for enhancing future initiatives addressing violence against children are provided. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fe valence fluctuations and magnetoelastic coupling in Pb‐based multiferroics perovskites
Authors: Fraygola Barbara , Mesquita Alexandre , Coelho Adelino A. , Garcia Ducinei , Mastelaro Valmor R. , Eiras Jose A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLead‐based multiferroics perovskites with nominal compositions Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3 and Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3 were synthesized following a two‐stage method. Magnetic proprieties were investigated and correlated to anelastic proprieties, measured by the conventional pulse‐echo method. The discussions are focused in the region around 250 K, where magnetoelectroelastic instabilities have been observed. X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) study further indicates that the edge position varies with temperature revealing a fluctuation on the valence of iron ions with the temperature, which can be related to a variation in anelastic and magnetic proprieties.
Influence of the substrate thermal expansion coefficient on the morphology and elastic stress of CoSb3 thin films
Authors: Daniel M. , Friedemann M. , Jöhrmann N. , Liebig A. , Donges J. , Hietschold M. , Beddies G. , Albrecht M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDuring the post‐annealing and cooling process of CoSb3 thin films deposited on thermally oxidized Si(100) substrates, cracks occur at the surface of the films, which can be caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate and the film. To investigate the crack formation, 40‐nm‐thick CoSb3 films were deposited at room temperature under ultra‐high vacuum (UHV) conditions onto various substrates, exhibiting different thermal expansion coefficients (2 × 10−6 to 12 × 10−6 K−1). All samples were post‐annealed in UHV at 500 °C for 1 h. The composition of the films was verified by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. The phase formation and elastic stress of the films were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction, confirming the formation of the desired skutterudite phase, while the individual grains were studied by electron backscatter diffraction. In addition, the surface morphology and the roughness of the films were investigated by atomic force microscopy. For substrates with a thermal expansion coefficient between 9 × 10−6 and 11 × 10−6 K−1, crack formation can be prevented and a minimum in roughness was found, resulting also in a minimal value of the electrical resistivity.
Crystallinity and electroluminescence efficiency of CdS nanoparticles grown on the aligned carbon nanotube array
Authors: Bulusheva L. G. , Okotrub A. V. , Fedoseeva Yu. V. , Kanygin M. A. , Larionov S. V. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractCdS nanoparticles have been grown on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a chemical bath deposition. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy revealed that crystalline ordering of nanoparticles depends on the duration of synthesis. Moreover, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the surface of CdS nanoparticles contains ammonia used as a complexing agent in the reaction. Application of voltage to the substrate with array of aligned CNTs resulted in luminescence of CdS nanoparticles. Efficiency of the electroluminescence depends on the CdS crystallinity and size. Large well‐crystallized nanoparticles give bright spots on the cathode image, while the glow from smaller, poor ordered nanocrystalls is strongly scattered. magnified imageBigger and better crystallized CdS nanoparticles produce brighter electroluminescence glow.
Antibacterial behavior of diamond nanoparticles against Escherichia coli
Authors: Beranová Jana , Seydlová Gabriela , Kozak Halyna , Potocký Štěpán , Konopásek Ivo , Kromka Alexander 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the potential antibacterial properties of nanocrystalline diamond. In particular, we tested the effect of diamond nanoparticles (DNPs) on growth of the model gram‐negative bacterium Escherichia coli on solid, nutrient‐rich growth medium. We found that the presence of DNPs on agar plates significantly reduced the colony forming ability of E. coli. The antibacterial effect occurred in a concentration dependent manner and was conditional on the specific ratio of DNPs to the number of bacterial cells.
Synthesis and characterization of peapods and DWCNTs
Authors: Anis B. , Fischer M. , Schreck M. , Haubner K. , Dunsch L. , Kuntscher C. A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe report the synthesis and characterization of C60@SWCNT peapods and double‐walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) derived from the peapods. Single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), C60@SWCNT peapods, and DWCNTs were characterized by Raman and optical spectroscopy. The radial breathing modes (RBMs) of the tubes in C60@SWCNT peapods are shifted to higher energies compared to the RBMs in SWCNTs, while in the case of DWCNTs the RBMs related to the outer tubes are shifted to lower energies compared to SWCNTs. A similar trend is observed for the absorption bands. These results suggest that the filling of the SWCNTs with C60 molecules decreases the average diameter of the electron cloud around the tubes, whereas the filling with an inner tube increases it.
Influence of oxygen and hydrogen treated graphene on cell adhesion in the presence or absence of fetal bovine serum
Authors: Verdanova Martina , Broz Antonin , Kalbac Martin , Kalbacova Marie 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe influence of differently treated graphene on human osteoblasts after 2 h of incubation with regard to the presence/absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) was investigated. Cell adhesion plays an important role in further cell fate and it is influenced by cell surrounding. It was found that treatment of graphene (by hydrogen or oxygen) does not play role in number of cells which adhere to substrate after 2 h of incubation. However, it is important for cell size – cells are larger on the hydrogen treated graphene than on the oxygen treated graphene. The presence of FBS is crucial for a type of interaction between cells and their substrate – in the presence of FBS, interactions are mediated by specific proteins and thus formation of focal adhesions (FAs) can occur. However, in the absence of FBS, a contact is carried out by non‐specific bonds without FAs formation. It was observed that cells on graphene samples without FBS have star‐like shape and larger area in contrast to cells adhering with FBS which have round shape and are smaller.
Symmetry of chiral nanotubes: Natural torsion and diffraction evidence
Authors: Vuković Tatjana , Lazić Nataša , Milošević Ivanka , Damnjanović Milan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractOptimizations performed with geometrical, molecular mechanics, and density functional models show that chiral carbon nanotube configuration is slightly twisted with respect to the rolled‐up geometry. The torsion angle is small, <1° Å−1 for ultrathin tubes, and decreases with tube diameter. The effect can be explained through breaking of local symmetry of the equally distant neighbors in graphene, which is diminished by the torsion. Although, the twist is small, still, we single out features in diffraction patterns which can distinguish between twisted and non‐twisted configurations, at least for narrow single‐walled carbon nanotubes.
Epitaxial phase‐change materials
Authors: Rodenbach Peter , Calarco Raffaella , Perumal Karthick , Katmis Ferhat , Hanke Michael , Proessdorf André , Braun Wolfgang , Giussani Alessandro , Trampert Achim , Riechert Henning , Fons Paul , Kolobov Alexander V. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractEpitaxial $ {\rm Ge}_{2} {\rm Sb}_{2} {\rm Te}_{5} $ thin layers were successfully grown in the metastable cubic phase on both slightly lattice‐mismatched (GaSb) and highly lattice‐mismatched (Si) templates. The higher quality of the films grown on (111)‐oriented substrates is attributed to the tendency to form layered structures in the stable bulk phase as well as to the nature of distortion in the metastable cubic phase. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Are Better Sleepers More Engaged Workers? A Self‐regulatory Approach to Sleep Hygiene and Work Engagement
Authors: Barber Larissa , Grawitch Matthew J. , Munz David C. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPrevious research has emphasized facets of both the organizational environment and individual differences as predictors of work engagement. This study explored sleep hygiene as another important behavioural factor that may be related to work engagement. With a sample of 328 adult workers, we tested a multiple mediator model in which sleep hygiene predicts work engagement through one's appraisals of resource depletion stemming from demands (psychological strain) and general self‐regulatory capacity (self‐control). Results indicated that individuals who frequently engaged in poor sleep hygiene behaviours had lower self‐regulatory capacity, experienced higher subjective depletion and were less engaged at work. Additionally, the path from poor sleep hygiene to decreased work engagement was attributed to perceptions of personal resources that are needed to exert self‐regulatory energy at work. This is consistent with current self‐regulatory theories suggesting that individuals have a limited amount of resources to allocate to demands and that the depletion of these resources can lead to stress and lower self‐regulatory functioning in response to other demands. Specifically, poor sleep hygiene results in the loss of self‐regulatory resources needed to be engaged in work tasks by impairing the after‐work recovery process. Practical and research implications regarding sleep hygiene interventions for well‐being and productivity improvement are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.