bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Background fish feminization effects in European remote sites
Authors: Jarque Sergio , Quirós Laia , Grimalt Joan O. , Gallego Eva , Catalan Jordi , Lackner Reinhard , Piña Benjamin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHuman activity has spread trace amounts of chemically stable endocrine-disrupting pollutants throughout the biosphere. These compounds have generated a background level of estrogenic activity that needs to be assessed. Fish are adequate sentinels for feminization effects as male specimens are more sensitive than humans to exogenous estrogenic compounds. High mountain lakes, the most distant environments of continental areas, only receive semi-volatile compounds from atmospheric deposition. We analyzed the expression levels of estrogen-regulated genes in male fish from these mountain lakes in Europe. Incipient feminization involving expression of estrogen receptor and zona radiata genes revealed a widespread diffuse estrogenic impact. This effect was correlated with the concentrations of some organochlorine compounds in fish and was consistent with the persistent occurrence of these tropospheric pollutants in the most remote planet regions. These results should be of general concern given the increasing endocrine disruption effects in human populations.
Continuous Flow Microfluidic Bioparticle Concentrator
Authors: Martel Joseph M. , Smith Kyle C. , Dlamini Mcolisi , Pletcher Kendall , Yang Jennifer , Karabacak Murat , Haber Daniel A. , Kapur Ravi , Toner Mehmet 
Published: June 2015

AbstractInnovative microfluidic technology has enabled massively parallelized and extremely efficient biological and clinical assays. Many biological applications developed and executed with traditional bulk processing techniques have been translated and streamlined through microfluidic processing with the notable exception of sample volume reduction or centrifugation, one of the most widely utilized processes in the biological sciences. We utilize the high-speed phenomenon known as inertial focusing combined with hydraulic resistance controlled multiplexed micro-siphoning allowing for the continuous concentration of suspended cells into pre-determined volumes up to more than 400 times smaller than the input with a yield routinely above 95% at a throughput of 240 ml/hour. Highlighted applications are presented for how the technology can be successfully used for live animal imaging studies, in a system to increase the efficient use of small clinical samples and finally, as a means of macro-to-micro interfacing allowing large samples to be directly coupled to a variety of powerful microfluidic technologies.
Production of monoclonal antibodies against GPCR using cell-free synthesized GPCR antigen and biotinylated liposome-based interaction assay
Authors: Takeda Hiroyuki , Ogasawara Tomio , Ozawa Tatsuhiko , Muraguchi Atsushi , Jih Pei-Ju , Morishita Ryo , Uchigashima Motokazu , Watanabe Masahiko , Fujimoto Toyoshi , Iwasaki Takahiro , Endo Yaeta , Sawasaki Tatsuya 
Published: June 2015

AbstractG-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the most important drug targets and anti-GPCR monoclonal antibody (mAb) is an essential tool for functional analysis of GPCRs. However, it is very difficult to develop GPCR-specific mAbs due to difficulties in production of recombinant GPCR antigens and lack of efficient mAb screening method. Here we describe a novel approach for the production of mAbs against GPCR using two original methods, bilayer-dialysis method and biotinylated liposome-based interaction assay (BiLIA), both of which are developed using wheat cell-free protein synthesis system and liposome technology. Using bilayer-dialysis method, various GPCRs were successfully synthesized with quality and quantity sufficient for immunization. For selection of specific mAb, we designed BiLIA that detects interaction between antibody and membrane protein on liposome. BiLIA prevented denaturation of GPCR and then preferably selected conformation-sensitive antibodies. Using this approach, we successfully obtained mAbs against DRD1, GHSR, PTGER1 and T1R1. With respect to DRD1 mAb, 36 mouse mAbs and 6 rabbit mAbs were obtained which specifically recognized native DRD1 with high affinity. Among them, half of the mAbs were conformation-sensitive mAb and two mAbs recognized extracellular loop 2 of DRD1. These results indicated that this approach is useful for GPCR mAb production.
Deep intronic GPR143 mutation in a Japanese family with ocular albinism
Authors: Naruto Takuya , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Masuda Kiyoshi , Endo Takao , Hatsukawa Yoshikazu , Kohmoto Tomohiro , Imoto Issei 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDeep intronic mutations are often ignored as possible causes of human disease. Using whole-exome sequencing, we analysed genomic DNAs of a Japanese family with two male siblings affected by ocular albinism and congenital nystagmus. Although mutations or copy number alterations of coding regions were not identified in candidate genes, the novel intronic mutation c.659-131 T > G within GPR143 intron 5 was identified as hemizygous in affected siblings and as heterozygous in the unaffected mother. This mutation was predicted to create a cryptic splice donor site within intron 5 and activate a cryptic acceptor site at 41nt upstream, causing the insertion into the coding sequence of an out-of-frame 41-bp pseudoexon with a premature stop codon in the aberrant transcript, which was confirmed by minigene experiments. This result expands the mutational spectrum of GPR143 and suggests the utility of next-generation sequencing integrated with in silico and experimental analyses for improving the molecular diagnosis of this disease.
Design of microstrip tri‐mode balun bandpass filter with high selectivity
Authors: Lin Shanming , Wang Jianpeng , Zhang Gang , Hong Jiasheng 
Published: June 2015

A new microstrip tri‐mode balun bandpass filter (BPF) with good filter‐type and balun‐type functions is presented. To realise the tri‐mode BPF performance, the multimode stepped‐impedance resonator is introduced and parallel coupled to both the balanced and the unbalanced ports. To achieve 180° phase difference, two types of transition structures, i.e. the microstrip–coplanar waveguide–microstrip transition and the microstrip–coplanar stripline–microstrip transition, are adopted for the two balanced output ports design, respectively. A balun BPF operating at 2.6 GHz is designed and fabricated to validate the feasibility of the new approach. Results indicate that the proposed balun BPF exhibits not only high selectivity with two transmission zeros locating at 1.7 and 3.7 GHz but also good balance performance with 0.5 dB magnitude imbalance and 5° phase imbalance between the balanced outputs.
Specific absorption rate reduction of multi‐standard mobile antenna with double‐negative metamaterial
Authors: Alam T. , Faruque M.R.I. , Islam M.T. 
Published: June 2015

A printed multi‐standard mobile wireless antenna loaded with double‐negative metamaterial that achieves an impedance bandwidth of 2.29 GHz (1.66 to 3.95 GHz) and 1.28 GHz (4.45 to 5.73 GHz) is presented. The proposed antenna can operate in the frequency bands of GSM (1800, 1900, 2100), WiMAX (3.2–3.6 GHZ), WLAN, Bluetooth (2.4 GHz) and WLAN (5.47–5.9 GHz). The antenna is assimilated with a semi‐circular shape radiating patch, a metamaterial loaded ground plane and a 50 Ω microstrip feed line. The antenna exhibits a planar structure and occupies a very small space of 37 × 47 × 0.8 mm3, making it suitable for mobile wireless applications. The perceptible novelties exhibited in this proposed antenna is reduction of electromagnetic absorption with the metamaterial loaded ground plane. The proposed metamaterial antenna achieved 66.47 and 66.52% of 10 g specific absorption reduction at 1.8 and 2.4 GHz, respectively.
Spatial gradient in value representation along the medial prefrontal cortex reflects individual differences in prosociality
Authors: Sul Sunhae , Tobler Philippe N. , Hein Grit , Leiberg Susanne , Jung Daehyun , Fehr Ernst , Kim Hackjin 
Published: June 2015

Significance
How do selfish and prosocial brains function differently with regard to valuing the welfare of others? The present study addresses this question by combining neuroimaging, computational modeling, and an instrumental conditioning paradigm. Contrary to the conventional notion of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) implicated in mentalization, we found that it was selfish individuals who showed greater spatial segregation between ventral and dorsal MPFC, which encoded self- and other-regarding values, respectively. Prosocial individuals, on the other hand, were characterized by overlapping self–other representation in the ventral MPFC and by stronger functional coupling between MPFC and striatum while representing and updating the value of other-regarding choices. These findings provide rigorous scientific evidence of neural markers reflecting individual differences in human prosociality.
Extracellular ATP induces the rapid release of HIV-1 from virus containing compartments of human macrophages
Authors: Graziano Francesca , Desdouits Marion , Garzetti Livia , Podini Paola , Alfano Massimo , Rubartelli Anna , Furlan Roberto , Benaroch Philippe , Poli Guido 
Published: June 2015

SignificanceA major obstacle to the eradication of HIV-1 by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is the formation of cellular reservoirs in CD4+T lymphocytes (carrying latently integrated provirus) and tissue macrophages. Infected macrophages assemble new virions in subcellular vacuoles known as virus-containing compartments (VCC), hiding them from the immune system and, in part, from antiretroviral agents. Here we report that extracellular ATP is capable of inducing the rapid release of virions accumulated in VCC via interaction with the P2X7 receptor and without inducing cell death, whereas the antidepressant agent Imipramine blocks the release. Thus, our study identifies two “druggable” targets affecting the release of stored virions from infected human macrophages that could bear relevance for purging HIV-1 reservoirs in individuals receiving cART.
Estimating seabed pressure from demersal trawls, seines, and dredges based on gear design and dimensions
Authors: Eigaard Ole R. , Bastardie Francois , Breen Mike , Dinesen Grete E. , Hintzen Niels T. , Laffargue Pascal , Mortensen Lars O. , Nielsen J. Rasmus , Nilsson Hans C. , O’Neill Finbarr G. , Polet Hans , Reid David G. , Sala Antonello , Sköld Mattias , Smith Chris , Sørensen Thomas K. , Tully Oliver , Zengin Mustafa , Rijnsdorp Adriaan D. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This study assesses the seabed pressure of towed fishing gears and models the physical impact (area and depth of seabed penetration) from trip-based information of vessel size, gear type, and catch. Traditionally fishing pressures are calculated top-down by making use of large-scale statistics such as logbook data. Here, we take a different approach starting from the gear itself (design and dimensions) to estimate the physical interactions with the seabed at the level of the individual fishing operation. We defined 14 distinct towed gear groups in European waters (eight otter trawl groups, three beam trawl groups, two demersal seine groups, and one dredge group), for which we established gear “footprints”. The footprint of a gear is defined as the relative contribution from individual larger gear components, such as trawl doors, sweeps, and groundgear, to the total area and severity of the gear's impact. An industry-based survey covering 13 countries provided the basis for estimating the relative impact-area contributions from individual gear components, whereas sediment penetration was estimated based on a literature review. For each gear group, a vessel size–gear size relationship was estimated to enable the prediction of gear footprint area and sediment penetration from vessel size. Application of these relationships with average vessel sizes and towing speeds provided hourly swept-area estimates by métier. Scottish seining has the largest overall gear footprint of ∼1.6 km 2 h −1 of which 0.08 km 2 has an impact at the subsurface level (sediment penetration ≥ 2 cm). Beam trawling for flatfish ranks low when comparing overall footprint size/hour but ranks substantially higher when comparing only impact at the subsurface level (0.19 km 2 h −1 ). These results have substantial implications for the definition, estimation, and monitoring of fishing pressure indicators, which are discussed in the context of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management.
Vulnerability of megabenthic species to trawling in the Barents Sea
Authors: Jørgensen Lis Lindal , Planque Benjamin , Thangstad Trude Hauge , Certain Grégoire 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The development of ecosystem-based fisheries management over the last two decades has increased attention on the protection of vulnerable resources that are of little or no economic significance including bycatch of benthos in bottom trawling. Current knowledge on the response of benthic communities to the impact of trawling is still rudimentary. In the present study, we used data collected in the Barents Sea during 2011 to assess the vulnerability of benthic species to trawling, based on the risk of being caught or damaged by a bottom trawl. Using trait table analysis, we identified 23 “high-risk” benthic species, which include “large weight and upraised” taxa as “easily caught” by a bottom trawl. We further identified a “low-risk” category containing 245 taxa/species and a “medium-risk” category with 80 species. A clear decline in biomass was noted for all three categories when comparing trawled vs. untrawled areas. This suggests that trawling significantly affects the biomass of all species, but predominantly the “high-risk” taxa. Some Barents Sea regions were particularly susceptible to trawling due to the dominance of the “high-risk” species, including Geodia sponges in the southwestern Barents Sea, basket stars ( Gorgonocephalus ) in the northern Barents Sea, sea pen ( Umbellula encrinus ) on the shelf facing the Arctic Ocean, and sea cucumber ( Cucumaria frondosa ) in shallow southern areas. These findings can guide management decisions to meet targets set by the United Nations Convention of Biological Diversity and the OSPAR Commission (“Protecting and Conserving the North-East Atlantic and its Resources”). We specifically recommend management action in the southwestern and the northwestern Barents Sea and on the Arctic shelf facing the Arctic Ocean.
The Great Patriotic War, 1941–1945
Authors: Andreyev Catherine 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
After a long period of scholarly neglect, owing partly to political reasons, the Second World War is now being studied as an integral part of the history of the Soviet Union. This chapter considers the war’s far reaching effects on state and society, taking a multi-faceted, comparative view. Beginning with German and Soviet war aims, the chapter goes on to highlight recent historiography, which has revealed much about the experience of the individual Soviet soldier and has emphasized that by concentrating on military set-pieces, such as the battle of Stalingrad, we risk distorting our understanding of the war. Also discussed are controversial subjects such as collaboration and partisan warfare, and the impact of the war on the Russian Orthodox Church and on Russian national identity.
The Anti-inflammatory Effects of Agmatine on Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Kim Jeong Min , Lee Jong Eun , Cheon So Yeong , Lee Jae Hoon , Kim So Yeon , Kam Eun Hee , Koo Bon-Nyeo 
Published: June 2015

Background:
In the previous study, we observed agmatine (AGM) posttreatment immediately after 30 minutes of suture occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) reduced the infarct size and neurological deficit in diabetic rats. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of AGM to reduce cerebral ischemic damage in diabetic rats.

Materials and Methods:
Normoglycemic (n=20) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (n=40) were subjected to 30 minutes of MCAO followed by reperfusion. Twenty diabetic rats were treated with AGM (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) immediately after 30 minutes of MCAO. Modified neurological examinations and rotarod exercises were performed to evaluate motor function. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis were performed to determine the expression of inflammatory cytokines in ischemic brain tissue. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure the mRNA expression of high-mobility group box 1, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, and TLR4

Results and Conclusions:
AGM posttreatment improved the neurobehavioral activity and motor function of diabetic MCAO rats at 24 and 72 hours after reperfusion. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that AGM treatment significantly decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines in diabetic MCAO rats at 24 and 72 hours after reperfusion (P<0.01). Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction results indicated that AGM treatment significantly decreased the expression of high-mobility group box 1, RAGE, TLR2, and TLR4 in diabetic rats at 24 hours after reperfusion (P<0.05). This neuroprotective effect of AGM after MCAO was associated with modulation of the postischemic neuronal inflammation cascade.
Participatory modeling to support gender equality
Authors: Bleijenbergh Inge , Van Engen Marloes 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– Interventions to support gender equality in organisations are often unsuccessful. Stakeholders disagree about the causes and problem definition of gender equality or pay lip service to the principle of gender equality, but fail to implement gender equality in practice. The purpose of this paper is to examine participatory modelling as an intervention method to support stakeholders in: reaching a shared problem definition and analysis of gender inequality; and identifying and implementing policies to tackle gender inequality.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors apply participatory modelling in case studies on impediments to women’s careers in two Dutch universities.

Findings
– This study shows that participatory modelling supported stakeholders’ identification of the self-reinforcing feedback processes of masculinity of norms, visibility of women and networking of women and the interrelatedness between these processes. Causal loop diagrams visualise how the feedback processes are interrelated and can stabilise or reinforce themselves. Moreover, they allow for the identification of possible interventions.

Research limitations/implications
– Further testing of the causal loop diagrams by quantifying the stocks and the flows would validate the feedback processes and the estimated effects of possible interventions.

Practical implications
– The integration of the knowledge of researchers and stakeholders in a causal loop diagram supported learning about the issue of gender inequality, hereby contributing to transformative change on gender equality.

Originality/value
– The originality of the paper lies in the application of participatory modelling in interventions to support gender equality.
In our own backyard: when a less inclusive community challenges organizational inclusion
Authors: Humberd Beth K. , Clair Judith A. , Creary Stephanie J. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to build insight into how the local community impacts an organization’s ability to develop an inclusive culture. The paper introduces the concept of inclusion disconnects as incongruent experiences of inclusion between an organization and its community. Then, using the case of teaching hospitals, the paper empirically demonstrates how individuals and organizations experience and deal with inclusion disconnects across the boundaries of organization and community.Design/methodology/approach– A multi-method qualitative study was conducted in hospitals located in the same city. Focus groups were conducted with 11 medical trainees from underrepresented backgrounds and semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten leaders involved with diversity efforts at two hospitals. Data analysis followed an iterative approach built from Miles and Huberman (1994).Findings– The findings demonstrate how boundary conflicts arise from disconnected experiences of organizational and community inclusiveness. Such disconnects create challenges for leaders in retaining and supporting minority individuals, and for trainees in feeling like they could build a life within, and outside of, their organizations. Based on findings from the data, the paper offers insights into how organizations can build their capacity to address these challenges by engaging in boundary work across organizational and community domains.Research limitations/implications– Future research should build upon this work by further examining how inclusion disconnects between communities and organizations impact individuals and organizations.Practical implications– The paper includes in-depth insight into how organizations can build their capacity to address such a deep-rooted challenge that comes from a less inclusive community.Originality/value– This paper contributes to an understanding of how forces from the community outside an organization can shape internal efforts toward fostering inclusion and individuals’ experiences of inclusion.
Information security culture – state-of-the-art review between 2000 and 2013
Authors: Karlsson Fredrik , Åström Joachim , Karlsson Martin 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to survey existing information security culture research to scrutinise the kind of knowledge that has been developed and the way in which this knowledge has been brought about.

Design/methodology/approach
– Results are based on a literature review of information security culture research published between 2000 and 2013 (December).

Findings
– This paper can conclude that existing research has focused on a broad set of research topics, but with limited depth. It is striking that the effects of different information security cultures have not been part of that focus. Moreover, existing research has used a small repertoire of research methods, a repertoire that is more limited than in information systems research in general. Furthermore, an extensive part of the research is descriptive, philosophical or theoretical – lacking a structured use of empirical data – which means that it is quite immature.

Research limitations/implications
– Findings call for future research that: addresses the effects of different information security cultures; addresses the identified research topics with greater depth; focuses more on generating theories or testing theories to increase the maturity of this subfield of information security research; and uses a broader set of research methods. It would be particularly interesting to see future studies that use intervening or ethnographic approaches because, to date, these have been completely lacking in existing research.

Practical implications
– Findings show that existing research is, to a large extent, descriptive, philosophical or theoretical. Hence, it is difficult for practitioners to adopt these research results, such as frameworks for cultivating or assessment tools, which have not been empirically validated.

Originality/value
– Few state-of-the-art reviews have sought to assess the maturity of existing research on information security culture. Findings on types of research methods used in information security culture research extend beyond the existing knowledge base, which allows for a critical discussion about existing research in this sub-discipline of information security.