bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and site-selective photoluminescence property of Ca8La2(PO4)6O2: Ce3+
Authors: Zhu Ge , Shi Yurong , Mikami Masayoshi , Shimomura Yasuo , Wang Yuhua 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTA series of Ce3+ doped Ca8La2(PO4)6O2 phosphors with tunable emission were successfully synthesized by traditional solid state reaction. The crystal structure and photoluminescence properties were studied through X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra. The results indicated that Ca8La2(PO4)6O2:Ce3+ exhibited color-tunable emission due to the 5d-4f transitions of Ce3+ ions under different wavelength excitation. The optimal doping content of Ce3+ ions in Ca8La2(PO4)6O2 was found to be 5 mol%. The site-selective photoluminescence property and the reason for red-shift of the emission band along with Ce3+ content and the excitation wavelength were also studied in detail.
Postgraduate research methodological flaws detected at final examination stage: Who is to blame?
Authors: Nyika Aceme 
Published: March 2014

In the wake of globalisation, most universities are intensifying efforts to improve their overall performance in
order to attract students and enhance chances of securing competitive funding from various sources. As part
of these efforts, universities are striving to ensure that their postgraduate programmes meet nationally and
internationally acceptable standards. Research projects conducted by students form a critical component
of most postgraduate programmes and universities have put in place procedures meant to ensure that
postgraduate research meets acceptable minimum standards. The procedures include setting minimum
entry educational qualifications, supervision by qualified members of university academic staff, institutional
evaluation of research proposals before the proposed research is embarked on, submission of progress
reports by postgraduate students during the course of their programmes, and final examination of students’
theses, dissertations or research reports by internal as well as external examiners. In some instances, the
examiners recommend outright rejection of the student’s write-up if they consider the methodology used
to be inappropriate to answer research questions of the project conducted. The implications of research
methodological shortcomings which are identified at the final examination stage, even if the research
proposals were evaluated and approved by appropriate university structures before commencement of the
research projects, are discussed. As postgraduate programmes are meant to nurture a competent and
resourceful workforce and future researchers, universities need to pay attention to the issue of research
methodology and internal evaluation systems in order to minimise chances of compromising the quality of
their postgraduate degree programmes.
To trust or not to trust? Interpretations in qualitative research
Authors: Neusar Aleš 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Interpretations of data in qualitative research may be biased for many reasons. This paper explores three commonly overlooked problems from a rather positivist point of view and deals with them mainly through the lens of cognitive psychology and survey methodology. The first problem is that researchers and readers of the research tend to trust retrospective data too much even though it is known that our memory is highly reconstructive. The second problem is that we often create interpretations too quickly and do not ground them in data well. The third problem is inappropriately generalising our findings because we underrate the variability of the phenomena studied. The aim is not to employ quantitative criteria in qualitative research but to show that especially in cases where we seek more objectivity (e.g., factual information about events) and less about the subjective phenomenal world (e.g., how people perceive these events from today’s perspective), cognitive psychology or survey methodology can offer valuable insights. Recommendations about what researchers should be careful of and how to increase the objectivity of the interpretations are offered.
Struggle of a description: Peirce and his late semiotics
Authors: Švantner Martin 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The paper deals with the problem of Peirce’s theory of signs, placing it within the context of modern semiotics (comparing it with Saussurean semiology, in particular), and considers Peirce’s semiotics from the point of view of his theory of categories (phaneroscopy) and in the terms of his classification of signs. The article emphasizes the complicated system of Peirce’s late, “mature”, semeiotic and his theory (classification) of Interpretant.
ICA-Based EEG denoising: a comparative analysis of fifteen methods
Authors: Albera L. , Kachenoura A. , Comon P. , Karfoul A. , Wendling F. , Senhadji L. , Merlet I. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Independent Component Analysis (ICA) plays an important role in biomedical engineering. Indeed, the complexity of processes involved in biomedicine and the lack of reference signals make this blind approach a powerful tool to extract sources of interest. However, in practice, only few ICA algorithms such as SOBI, (extended) InfoMax and FastICA are used nowadays to process biomedical signals. In this paper we raise the question whether other ICA methods could be better suited in terms of performance and computational complexity. We focus on ElectroEncephaloGraphy (EEG) data denoising, and more particularly on removal of muscle artifacts from interictal epileptiform activity. Assumptions required by ICA are discussed in such a context. Then fifteen ICA algorithms, namely JADE, CoM2, SOBI, SOBIrob, (extended) InfoMax, PICA, two different implementations of FastICA, ERICA, SIMBEC, FOBIUMJAD, TFBSS, ICAR3, FOOBI1 and 4- CANDHAPc are briefly described. Next they are studied in terms of performance and numerical complexity. Quantitative results are obtained on simulated epileptic data generated with a physiologically-plausible model. These results are also illustrated on real epileptic recordings.
Dynamical complexity of human responses: a multivariate data-adaptive framework
Authors: Ahmed M.U. , Rehman N. , Looney D. , Rutkowski T.M. , Mandic D.P. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Established complexity measures typically operate at a single scale and thus fail to quantify inherent long-range correlations in real-world data, a key feature of complex systems. The recently introduced multiscale entropy (MSE) method has the ability to detect fractal correlations and has been used successfully to assess the complexity of univariate data. However, multivariate observations are common in many real-world scenarios and a simultaneous analysis of their structural complexity is a prerequisite for the understanding of the underlying signal-generating mechanism. For this purpose, based on the notion of multivariate sample entropy, the standard MSE method is extended to the multivariate case, whereby for rigor, the intrinsic multivariate scales of the input data are generated adaptively via the multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) algorithm. This allows us to gain better understanding of the complexity of the underlying multivariate real-world process, together with more degrees of freedom and physical interpretation in the analysis. Simulations on both synthetic and real-world biological multivariate data sets support the analysis.
Particle swarm optimization of artificial-neural-network-based on-line trained speed controller for battery electric vehicle
Authors: Ufnalski B. , Grzesiak L.M. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The paper presents implementation of PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) to ANN-based speed controller tuning. Selected learning parameters are optimized according to the control objective function. A battery electric vehicle is considered as a potential plant for an adaptive speed controller. The need for adaptivity in the control algorithm is justified by variations of a total weight of the vehicle. A sizable section of the paper deals with selection of a combined objective function able to effectively evaluate the quality of a solution.
Hyper-heuristics for cross-domain search
Authors: Cichowicz T. , Drozdowski M. , Frankiewicz M. , Pawlak G. , Rytwinski F. , Wasilewski J. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In this paper we present two hyper-heuristics developed for the Cross-Domain Heuristic Search Challenge. Hyper-heuristics solve hard combinatorial problems by guiding low level heuristics, rather than by manipulating problem solutions directly. Two hyper-heuristics are presented: Five Phase Approach and Genetic Hive. Development paths of the algorithms and testing methods are outlined. Performance of both methods is studied. Useful and interesting experience gained in construction of the hyper-heuristics are presented. Conclusions and recommendations for the future advancement of hyper-heuristic methodologies are discussed.
Guidance impulse algorithms for air bomb control
Authors: Głębocki R. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In this paper, some results of research concerning the development of guidance of bombs were presented. The paper presents conceptions of an impulse (gasodynamic) control system, the measurement unit based on IMU/GPS signals and control algorithms based on predicted trajectories. The presented results of simulation research are based on the numerical model of the bomb and real signals from measurement devices.
Determination of Fabric Surface Resistance by Van Der Pauw Method in Case of Contacts Distant from the Sample Edge
Authors: Tokarska Magdalena 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The van der Pauw method can be used to determine the electroconductive properties of textile materials. However, the sample surface resistance can be determined provided that the sample has characteristics typical for the van der Pauw structure. In the paper, a method of evaluating the sample structure is shown. The selected electroconductive woven fabrics are used as an example of van der Pauw structure. An analysis of impact of electrodes placement on the resistance measurements was conducted. Knowing how the resistance of the sample varies with the electrodes distance from the edge, the samples’ surface resistances were calculated in cases when the electrodes are placed at the sample edge. An uncertainty analysis of the samples’ surface resistances was conducted based on the Monte Carlo method.
Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of 3-Dimensional Scapular Orientation in Individuals With and Without Shoulder Impingement
Authors: Haik Melina N. , Alburquerque-Sendín Francisco , Camargo Paula R. 
Published: March 2014

Study Design Clinical measurement. Objective To establish trial-to-trial within-day and between-day reliability, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change of scapular orientation during elevation and lowering of the arm, and with the arm relaxed at the side, in individuals with and without shoulder impingement. Background Electromagnetic devices are commonly used to measure 3-D scapular kinematics during arm elevation in different conditions and for intervention studies. However, there is a lack of studies that evaluate within- and between-day reliability of these measurements. Methods The subjects were allocated to either a control group or an impingement group. Kinematic data were collected using the Flock of Birds electromagnetic device during elevation and lowering of the arm in the sagittal plane on 2 different occasions, separated by 3 to 5 days. Forty-nine subjects were tested for within-day reliability. Forty-three subjects were reassessed for between-day reliability. Results Intraclass correlation coefficients for within- and between-day assessment of scapular orientation during elevation and lowering of the arm in both groups ranged from 0.92 to 0.99 and from 0.54 to 0.88, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients for assessment of scapular orientation with the arms relaxed at the side in both groups ranged from 0.66 to 0.95. The standard error of measurement for between-day measurements ranged from 3.37° to 7.44° for both groups. The minimal detectable change for between-day measurements increased from 7.81° at the lower to 17.27° at the higher humerothoracic elevation angles. Conclusion These results support the use of Flock of Birds to measure scapular orientations in subjects with and without impingement symptoms. The measurements showed excellent within-day reliability but were not highly reliable over time. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(5):341–349. Epub 27 March 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4705
Resolution of papilledema after endoscopic third ventriculostomy versus cerebrospinal fluid shunting in hydrocephalus: a comparative study
Authors: Koktekir Ender , Koktekir Bengu Ekinci , Karabagli Hakan , Gedik Sansal , Akdemir Gokhan 
Published: March 2014

Object
In this study the authors compare the efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) versus CSF shunting for resolution of papilledema in hydrocephalus.

Methods
This comparative case series study recruited 12 patients (24 eyes) with hydrocephalus who underwent either an ETV (Group 1, 6 patients [12 eyes]) or CSF shunt treatment (Group 2, 6 patients [12 eyes]). A complete ophthalmological examination including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) evaluation by optical coherence tomography was provided for all patients before surgery and in the 1st week, 1st month, and 3rd month postoperatively. The 2 groups were compared for quantitative changes in RNFL thickness and, thereby, resolution of papilledema. Statistical evaluation was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test with the aid of SPSS version 16.0.

Results
The mean preoperative RNFL thickness was 259.7 ± 35.8 μm in Group 1 and 244.5 ± 53.4 μm in Group 2 (p = 0.798). The mean decrease in RNFL thickness was 101.3 ± 38.8 μm, 141.2 ± 34.6 μm, and 162.0 ± 35.9 μm in Group 1 versus 97.0 ± 44.6 μm, 143 ± 45.6 μm, and 130.0 ± 59.8 μm in Group 2 for the postoperative 1st week, 1st month, and 3rd month, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to decrease in RNFL thickness during the 1st week, 1st month, and 3rd month (p = 0.563, p = 0.753, and p = 0.528, respectively).

Conclusions
This is the first study to quantitatively evaluate papilledema in assessing the success of ETV and CSF shunting. The authors' results indicated that ETV is as effective as CSF shunting with respect to decreasing intracranial pressure and resolution of papilledema.
Surgical management of pediatric brainstem cavernous malformations
Authors: Li Da , Hao Shu-Yu , Tang Jie , Xiao Xin-Ru , Jia Gui-Jun , Wu Zhen , Zhang Li-Wei , Zhang Jun-Ting 
Published: March 2014

Object
The goal of this study was to evaluate surgical outcomes of pediatric brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs) and identify the risk factors associated with postoperative full recovery and rebleeding.

Methods
The clinical charts and radiographs from a series of 52 pediatric patients (37 male and 15 female; mean age 12.2 years; range 1–17 years) who underwent surgery for brainstem CMs between 1996 and 2011 were reviewed. Follow-up evaluation measures were obtained retrospectively. Neurological function was evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score.

Results
The lesion locations among the 52 patients included the midbrain (n = 7, 13.5%), pons (n = 38, 73.1%), and medulla (n = 7, 13.5%). The mean duration of symptoms was 18.5 months, and the preoperative annual hemorrhage and rebleeding rates were 12.3% and 32.5% per patient-year, respectively. The mean lesion size was 2.1 cm. Gross-total resection without surgery-related death was achieved in 49 patients (94.2%). Immediate postoperative reduced neurological function was observed in 17 patients (32.7%). Surgical morbidities developed in 25 patients (48.1%) and remained in 11 patients (21.2%) after 7.9 years of follow-up. The mean mRS scores at admission, discharge after surgery, 3 and 6 months postsurgery, and recent evaluation were 2.0, 2.3, 2.0, 1.5, and 1.0, respectively. The postoperative mRS scores at 6 months (p < 0.001) and on recent evaluation (p < 0.001) were significantly lower than those at admission. Postoperative rebleeding occurred in 2 patients, and the postoperative annual rebleeding rate was 0.5% per patient-year. By the most recent evaluation, 10 patients (19.2%) had achieved full recovery and all patients were either improved (n = 32, 61.5%) or unchanged (n = 20, 38.5%). The adverse predictors for full recovery included age ≥ 12 years (HR 0.230, p = 0.021), ≥ 2 preoperative hemorrhages (HR 0.124, p = 0.048), and poor preoperative status (HR 0.197, p = 0.040). An HR < 1 predicted poor complete recoveries. The single risk factor predicting postoperative rebleeding was incomplete resection (χ2 = 4.340, p = 0.037).

Conclusions
Fair outcomes for pediatric brainstem CMs could be obtained through surgery, but only a few patients achieved full recovery. Thus, to minimize surgical morbidity, surgical planning must be tailored to individual patients in all cases in which an operation is warranted. Complete resection must be attempted to reduce the risk of postoperative rebleeding. The predictors associated with complete postoperative recovery were referential for determining treatment.
L'économie iranienne après l'élection de Hassan Rohani
Authors: Coville Thierry 
Published: March 2014

Les sanctions internationales ont conduit à une situationde crise économique en Iran en 2012. Le commerce extérieur s’est adapté à travers une réorientation des échanges vers l’Asie et le Moyen-Orient. Néanmoins, l’accélération de l’inflation à près de 50 % et la montée du chômage qui serait supérieur à 20 % ont aggravé les tensions sociales. L’amorce d’un règlement de la crise du nucléaire a déjà permis d’enregistrer une réappréciation de la monnaie nationale, ce qui a permis une légère décélération de l’inflation. A plus long terme, l’objectif des autorités est de mener une politique « classique » de libéralisation de l’économie.
Modélisation des crues des rivières pour la gestion intégrée du risque d’inondation : cas du bassin versant de Tahaddart (nord-ouest du Maroc)
Authors: Rifai Nabil , Khattabi Abdellatif , Rhazi Laila 
Published: March 2014

Dans la région méditerranéenne, l’ampleur des inondations passées ainsi que les prévisions d’une augmentation de leur fréquence imposent une prise en considération du risque d’inondation par les aménagistes et les décideurs locaux. Dans ce cadre, la détermination des zones susceptibles d’être affectées par les inondations est primordiale pour une meilleure gestion de ce risque.
La méthodologie mise en place dans cet article permet de disposer d’un outil d’évaluation du risque d’inondation à l’échelle du bassin versant. Elle repose sur l’idée que le risque d’inondation est la résultante du facteur aléa (fréquence-intensité physique du phénomène naturel) et du facteur vulnérabilité (sensibilité d’un usage du sol aux dommages d’inondations).
L’évaluation du facteur aléa repose sur la combinaison de deux notions : la récurrence d’une inondation et la submersion résultante. Une modélisation hydraulique permet de suivre l’évolution spatio-temporelle des caractéristiques d’une crue, tandis que l’évaluation de la vulnérabilité se réfère à l’occupation du sol : tout dommage économique direct ou indirect apparait lorsque l'eau inonde au moins une parcelle de terrain.
Appliquée au bassin versant de Tahaddart (nord-ouest du Maroc), l’étude a montré la prédominance d’un aléa inondation élevé alors que la vulnérabilité, plus modérée, est de plus en plus ressentie avec l’expansion que connaît la région en matière d’urbanisme et d’infrastructures. Ainsi, environ 8 % de la superficie du bassin versant est sujette au risque d’inondation; presque la moitié est classée en risque élevé. Une carte de « risque d’inondation » a été produite afin de permettre aux aménagistes et aux autorités locales de proposer des mesures d’atténuation dans les zones susceptibles d’être affectées par les inondations et d’agir plus efficacement en cas de crue.
Élimination du Noir Eriochrome T par plasma glidarc
Authors: Djepang Serge Alain , Laminsi Samuel , Djakaou Iya-Sou , Koyaouili Thierry 
Published: March 2014

L’élimination d’une solution aqueuse de Noir Eriochrome T (NET), composé organique largement utilisé en industrie textile, a été effectuée par plasma glidarc. Ce procédé d’oxydation avancée (POA) met en jeu les espèces gazeuses actives créées dans la décharge, principalement les radicaux OH°, son dimère H2O2 et le peroxynitrite ONOO- (dérivé de l’oxyde nitrique). Ces espèces induisent des propriétés fortement oxydantes qui sont largement employées pour la destruction de déchets organiques. Outre les espèces oxydantes, certains composés issus du radical NO°(HONO et ONOOH) et présents en solution confèrent également au plasma des propriétés acidifiantes qui accélèrent ainsi les réactions d’oxydation. L’étude spectrophotométrique d’une solution de NET (15 µM) exposée à la décharge électrique a permis de révéler qu’aux premiers instants du traitement (t < 3 min), il se forme un composé intermédiaire qui absorbe à λ = 752 nm; la cinétique de décoloration observée présente une loi de variation d’ordre global égal à un avec une constante de vitesse k = 2,11 min‑1. Après 45 min de traitement, un taux de décoloration de 85,1 % est obtenu. Au bout du même temps, le composé présent initialement en solution à 15 µM se minéralise à 57,3 % avec une constante de vitesse k1 = 0,0188 min‑1. L’obtention d’un abattement de 67 % de la demande chimique en oxygène (DCO) avec une constante de vitesse k2 = 0,0253 min‑1 permet de confirmer que le composé se dégrade bien sous l’effet de la décharge. Par ailleurs, bien que la cinétique de disparition d’une solution plus concentrée (150 µM) soit plus lente (k3 = 0,0178 min‑1), le composé se décolore à 82,0 % et un taux de dégradation de 86,6 % est obtenu après une durée d’exposition de 50 min. Les analyses qualitatives effectuées juste après arrêt de la décharge ont également révélé la présence en solution des ions minéraux issus de la dégradation de la molécule.
Le développement hybride des industries de la culture, de l’information et de la communication en milieu autochtone
Authors: Aubin France , Calvé-Thibault Maude , George Éric 
Published: March 2014

Cet article synthétise les propos échangés lors d’un séminaire, tenu en décembre 2010, sur les résultats d’un rapport de recherche. La recherche, menée de 2007 à 2010, portait sur « le développement des industries de la culture, de l’information et de la communication en milieu autochtone dans le contexte des mutations de ces industries à l’échelle internationale ». Participaient au séminaire des collaborateurs au projet de recherche ainsi que d’autres personnes intéressées par les industries culturelles autochtones. Les constats suivants ont émergé des discussions : les industries culturelles autochtones ne suivent pas toutes le même parcours en termes d’industrialisation, et celle-ci a des limites quand vient le temps de répondre aux défis multiples adressés aux entreprises autochtones.