bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristic reactivity of 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran under oxidation conditions
Authors: Kobayashi Hirokazu , Padovan Daniele , Fukuoka Atsushi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chitin is an abundant nitrogen-containing biomass and a major derivative is 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran (3A5AF). The oxidation of 3A5AF could produce 3-acetamido-5-carboxyfuran (3A5CF), which is a promising monomer for producing nitrogen-containing polymers. However, the conversion of 3A5AF into 3A5CF is actually difficult. The present study clarifies the characteristic reactivity of 3A5AF under typical oxidation reaction conditions. Specifically, corresponding benzene derivatives or acetylfuran are transformed into carboxylic acids, but 3A5AF cannot. Then, density functional theory calculations indicate that 3A5AF facilitates the radical addition reaction on the furan ring instead of the oxidation of the C-acetyl group. In addition to the low aromaticity of furan, the acetamido group stabilizes the radical adduct by orbital interactions. Finally, we provide a potential methodology to decrease the reactivity of the furan ring in 3A5AF.
Chronic skin damage induces small intestinal damage via IL-13-induced apoptosis
Authors: Tanemoto Rina , Higashiyama Masaaki , Tomioka Akira , Ito Suguru , Mizoguchi Akinori , Nishii Shin , Inaba Kenichi , Wada Akinori , Sugihara Nao , Hanawa Yoshinori , Horiuchi Kazuki , Okada Yoshikiyo , Kurihara Chie , Akita Yoshihiro , Narimatsu Kazuyuki , Komoto Shunsuke , Tomita Kengo , Satoh Takahiro , Tsuda Hitoshi , Hokari Ryota 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The gut–skin axis has recently been widely recognized, and both the gut and skin have been found to affect each other through a bidirectional connection; however, the precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of chronic skin damage (CSD) on mouse intestines. Following the CSD model, 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate was applied to the back-shaved murine skin six times for 2 weeks after tape stripping. The small and large intestines were analyzed histologically and immunologically, respectively. Intestinal permeability was measured using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated-dextran. The role of interleukin-13 (IL-13) in the ileum was investigated using an anti-IL-13 antibody. Apoptotic intestinal cells were analyzed using TUNEL staining. Villus atrophy was observed in the small intestine in the CSD model, along with increased permeability. Mast cells, but not T cells, eosinophils, or innate lymph cell-2, were increased in the intestinal mucosa. However, no significant changes were observed in the large intestine. mRNA expression of IL-13 was increased only in the ileum of the CSD model. Apoptotic intestinal epithelial cells were significantly increased in the ileum of the CSD model. Administration of an anti-IL-13 antibody ameliorated the intestinal damage caused by CSD, along with decreased apoptotic cells and mast cell infiltration. Skin damage causes morphological changes in the small intestine, accompanied by increased intestinal permeability, possibly through the IL-13-induced apoptosis of mast cells in the epithelium. Surfactant-mediated mechanical skin damage can cause a leaky gut.
Interest in and Preference for Long-acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapy in the Era of Approved Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine Among Reproductive-aged Women in the US South
Authors: Collins Lauren F , Sheth Anandi N , Tisdale Tina , Mehta C Christina , Daniel Gaea , Westreich Daniel , Kassaye Seble , Topper Elizabeth F , Konkle-Parker Deborah , Rana Aadia , Alcaide Maria L , Philbin Morgan M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Among 103 reproductive-aged women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the US South surveyed post-approval of long-acting injectable (LAI) cabotegravir/rilpivirine, nearly two-thirds reported willingness to try LAI antiretroviral therapy (ART). Most expressed preference for LAI over daily oral ART and had minimal concerns over potential LAI-ART use impacting reproductive health.
Characterization of Gram-negative Bloodstream Infections in Hospitalized Australian Children and Their Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Wen Sophie C H , Harris Patrick N A , Forde Brian , Permana Budi , Chatfield Mark D , Lau Colleen L , Spurling Geoffrey , Bauer Michelle J , Balch Ross , Chambers Henry , Schlapbach Luregn J , Clark Julia E , Dougherty Sonia , Blyth Christopher C , Britton Philip N , Clifford Vanessa , Haeusler Gabrielle M , McMullan Brendan , Wadia Ushma , Paterson David L , Irwin Adam D 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Gram-negative bloodstream infections (GNBSIs) more commonly occur in children with comorbidities and are increasingly associated with antimicrobial resistance. There are few large studies of GNBSIs in children that relate the clinical presentation, pathogen characteristics, and outcomes.

Methods
A 3-year prospective study of GNBSIs in children aged &lt;18 years was conducted in 5 Australian children's hospitals between 2019 and 2021. The clinical characteristics, disease severity, and outcomes were recorded. Causative pathogens underwent antibiotic susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing.

Results
There were 931 GNBSI episodes involving 818 children. Median age was 3 years (interquartile range, 0.6–8.5). A total of 576/931 episodes (62%) were community onset, though 661/931 (71%) occurred in children with comorbidities and a central venous catheter was present in 558/931 (60%). Central venous catheter (145/931) and urinary tract (149/931) were the most common sources (16% each). One hundred of 931 (11%) children required intensive care unit admission and a further 11% (105/931) developed GNBSIs in intensive care unit. A total of 659/927 (71%) isolates were Enterobacterales, of which 22% (138/630) were third-generation cephalosporin resistant (3GCR). Extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes were confirmed in 65/138 (47%) 3GCR Enterobacterales. Most common extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes were blaCTX-M-15 (34/94, 36%) and blaSHV-12 (10/94, 11%). There were 48 deaths overall and 30-day in-hospital mortality was 3% (32/931). Infections with 3GCR Enterobacterales were independently associated with higher mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–6.4).

Conclusions
GNBSIs in children are frequently healthcare associated and affect children younger than age 5 years. Infections with 3GCR Enterobacterales were associated with worse outcomes. These findings will inform optimal management guidelines and help prioritize future antimicrobial clinical trials.
MDDOmics: multi-omics resource of major depressive disorder
Authors: Zhao Yichao , Xiang Ju , Shi Xingyuan , Jia Pengzhen , Zhang Yan , Li Min 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a pressing global health issue. Its pathogenesis remains elusive, but numerous studies have revealed its intricate associations with various biological factors. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive multi-omics resource to help researchers in conducting multi-omics data analysis for MDD. To address this issue, we constructed the MDDOmics database (Major Depressive Disorder Omics, (https://www.csuligroup.com/MDDOmics/), which integrates an extensive collection of published multi-omics data related to MDD. The database contains 41 222 entries of MDD research results and several original datasets, including Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, genes, non-coding RNAs, DNA methylations, metabolites and proteins, and offers various interfaces for searching and visualization. We also provide extensive downstream analyses of the collected MDD data, including differential analysis, enrichment analysis and disease-gene prediction. Moreover, the database also incorporates multi-omics data for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and anxiety disorder, due to the challenge in differentiating MDD from similar psychiatric disorders. In conclusion, by leveraging the rich content and online interfaces from MDDOmics, researchers can conduct more comprehensive analyses of MDD and its similar disorders from various perspectives, thereby gaining a deeper understanding of potential MDD biomarkers and intricate disease pathogenesis.
Database URL: https://www.csuligroup.com/MDDOmics/
Feasibility of anticoagulation on demand after percutaneous coronary intervention in high-bleeding risk patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: the INTERMITTENT registry
Authors: Pelliccia Francesco , Zimarino Marco , Giordano Melania , Dobrev Dobromir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study evaluated the feasibility of the intermittent use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) guided by continuous rhythm monitoring via a clinically validated wearable smart device in high-bleeding risk (HBR) patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) otherwise subjected to chronic anticoagulation after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods and results
The INTERMITTENT registry was a 3-year prospective observational study at eight Italian centres. Inclusion criteria were elective or urgent PCI, Academic Research Consortium HBR criteria, history of symptomatic 12-lead ECG detected paroxysmal AF episodes, indication to DOACs, and use of a wearable smart device (Apple Watch™). Thirty days after PCI, patients free of AF episodes discontinued DOAC. However, if an AF episode lasting &gt;6 min or a total AF burden &gt; 6 h over 24 h was detected, DOAC was initiated for 30 consecutive days, and withdrawn afterwards if no further AF episodes occurred. At the discretion of the referring physician, intermittent anticoagulation was offered to 89 patients, whereas continuous treatment with DOACs was prescribed to 151 patients. During a follow-up of 298 ± 87 days, the average duration of oral anticoagulation was significantly shorter in the intermittent anticoagulation group (176 ± 43 days, P = 0.0001), representing a 40% reduction in anticoagulation time compared to the continuous group. Ischaemic and bleeding endpoints were not significantly different between the two groups. Propensity score-matching resulted in a total of 69 matched patients with intermittent vs. continuous anticoagulation, respectively. During a follow-up of 291 ± 63 days, there was a significant 46% reduction in anticoagulation time in the intermittent compared to the continuous group (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion
In HBR patients with a history of paroxysmal AF episodes who underwent PCI, intermittent anticoagulation guided by continuous rhythm monitoring with a wearable device was feasible and decreased significantly the duration of anticoagulation.
Ovarian neuroendocrine tumor metastases can induce estrogen production in postmenopausal patients
Authors: Mulders Merijn C F , van Velthuysen Marie-Lousie F , Roes Eva-Maria , Hofland Leo J , Sasano Hironobu , de Herder Wouter W , Hofland Johannes 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are malignant neoplasms that can be associated with specific hormonal syndromes. We describe a novel syndrome of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding and ovarian estradiol overproduction due to ovarian NET localizations. An extensive workup was performed for 2 index patients with ovarian metastases of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors and symptoms of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Clinically significant ovarian estrogen production was demonstrated by a combination of ovarian vein sampling and normalization of circulating estrogen levels after oophorectomy. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed marked aromatase immunoactivity in the ovarian NET cells, while CYP17A1 and SF-1 were detected in the adjacent ovarian stromal cells but not the NET cells. Ex vivo and in vivo endocrine tests were unable to identify a paracrine mechanism of ovarian estradiol overproduction by NET cells. A retrospective search of electronic medical records revealed that 21% (14/66) of postmenopausal patients with an ovarian NET localization reported symptoms of vaginal blood loss. Together, these findings support the presence of a novel NET-associated hormonal syndrome.
Intravenous iron therapy results in rapid and sustained rise in myocardial iron content through a novel pathway
Authors: Vera-Aviles Mayra , Kabir Syeeda Nashitha , Shah Akshay , Polzella Paolo , Lim Dillon Yee , Buckley Poppy , Ball Charlotte , Swinkels Dorine , Matlung Hanke , Blans Colin , Holdship Philip , Nugent Jeremy , Anderson Edward , Desborough Michael , Piechnik Stefan , Ferreira Vanessa , Lakhal-Littleton Samira 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Intravenous iron therapies contain iron–carbohydrate complexes, designed to ensure iron becomes bioavailable via the intermediary of spleen and liver reticuloendothelial macrophages. How other tissues obtain and handle this iron remains unknown. This study addresses this question in the context of the heart.

Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted in 12 patients receiving ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) for iron deficiency. Myocardial, spleen, and liver magnetic resonance relaxation times and plasma iron markers were collected longitudinally. To examine the handling of iron taken up by the myocardium, intracellular labile iron pool (LIP) was imaged in FCM-treated mice and cells.

Results
In patients, myocardial relaxation time T1 dropped maximally 3 h post-FCM, remaining low 42 days later, while splenic T1 dropped maximally at 14 days, recovering by 42 days. In plasma, non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) peaked at 3 h, while ferritin peaked at 14 days. Changes in liver T1 diverged among patients. In mice, myocardial LIP rose 1 h and remained elevated 42 days after FCM. In cardiomyocytes, FCM exposure raised LIP rapidly. This was prevented by inhibitors of NTBI transporters T-type and L-type calcium channels and divalent metal transporter 1.

Conclusions
Intravenous iron therapy with FCM delivers iron to the myocardium rapidly through NTBI transporters, independently of reticuloendothelial macrophages. This iron remains labile for weeks, reflecting the myocardium’s limited iron storage capacity. These findings challenge current notions of how the heart obtains iron from these therapies and highlight the potential for long-term dosing to cause cumulative iron build-up in the heart.
Cognitive and physical fatigue—the experience and consequences of ‘brain fog’ after spontaneous coronary artery dissection: a qualitative study
Authors: Weddell Joseph , Rogerson Michelle C , Gallagher Robyn , Hesselson Stephanie , Iismaa Siiri E , Graham Robert M , Jackson Alun C , Redfern Julie , Buckley Thomas , Murphy Barbara M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aims
Brain fog and fatigue are common issues after acute coronary syndrome. However, little is known about the nature and impact of these experiences in spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) survivors. The aim of this study was to understand the experiences of brain fog and the coping strategies used after SCAD.

Methods and results
Participants were recruited from the Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute Genetics Study database and considered eligible if their event occurred within 12 months. Seven semi-structured online focus groups were conducted between December and January 2021–22, with this study reporting findings related to brain fog and fatigue. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed using an iterative approach. Participants (n = 30) had a mean age of 52.2 (±9.5) and were mostly female (n = 27, 90%). The overarching theme of brain fog after SCAD included four main themes: how brain fog is experienced, perceived causes, impacts, and how people cope. Experiences included memory lapses, difficulty concentrating and impaired judgement, and perceived causes, including medication, fatigue and tiredness, and menopause and hormonal changes. Impacts of brain fog included rumination, changes in self-perception, disruption to hobbies/pastimes, and limitations at work. Coping mechanisms included setting reminders and expectations, being one's own advocate, lifestyle and self-determined medication adjustments, and support from peers.

Conclusion
Brain fog is experienced by SCAD survivors, and the impacts are varied and numerous, including the capacity to work. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection survivors reported difficulty understanding causes and found their own path to coping. Recommendations for clinicians are provided.
Advancements in food authentication using soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA): a review
Authors: De Angelis Davide , Summo Carmine , Pasqualone Antonella , Faccia Michele , Squeo Giacomo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Food authentication verifies the match between product characteristics and claims and it is crucial in a globalized and complex food sector. Currently, class-modelling approaches, such as soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA), are powerful tools for assessing food authenticity. The aim of this review is to discuss the application of SIMCA for food authentication and to describe the conceptual differences between discriminant and class-modelling approaches. The discussion of research articles is organized around three elements: (i) the research objectives, (ii) the analytical methodologies, and (iii) the food products investigated. Moreover, the challenges and future perspectives considering the development of innovative food products are discussed. Adulteration is the most investigated food authentication issue, followed by verification of geographical origin. Food authenticity appeared to be predominantly evaluated using non-destructive spectroscopy. Overall, the articles collectively cover a broad spectrum of food categories, representing those most prone to adulteration. However, there is a notable lack of food authentication studies on innovative food products, underscoring the urgency for further research in this field.
Influence of different pre-cooling methods on the postharvest storage of ‘Kyoho’ grapes (Vitis labrusca × vinifera ‘Kyoho’)
Authors: Tao Shaoyu , Wang Jinfeng , Xie Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Various pre-cooling methods for ‘Kyoho’ grapes were selected, such as forced-air pre-cooling (FAPC), vacuum pre-cooling, natural convection pre-cooling (NCPC), electrolyzed water pre-cooling, cold water pre-cooling, and fluid ice pre-cooling. The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable pre-cooling method for grapes. The storage temperature of grapes was (4±0.5) °C with a relative humidity of 85%, and physiological parameters were measured every 5 d. All pre-cooling methods, except for NCPC, were able to complete the pre-cooling process within 20 min. Interestingly, water and ice cooling methods were not suitable for pre-cooling grapes, probably due to microbial growth and damage to cellular tissue. In contrast, three groups of air pre-cooling methods were more effective in preserving freshness, the best of which was FAPC. It was found that FAPC inhibited grape weight loss, moisture loss, respiration rate, total viable count, malondialdehyde, and relative electrolyte leakage, while stimulating the activities of superoxide dismutase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. It also suppressed the activity of polyphenol oxidase. Additionally, in the FAPC group, optimal hardness, titratable acidity, and vitamin C content were observed. Among all the tested methods, FAPC demonstrated better efficacy in delaying the softening and senescence of ‘Kyoho’ grapes, thereby preserving fruit quality and nutritional content.
Dyke positioning according to sedimentary basins markers by processing airborne magnetic data at basalt covered areas
Authors: Cavalcante Felipe Lisbona , Mendonça Carlos Alberto , Ofterdinger Ulrich S 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARY
Airborne magnetics have found few applications in investigating basalt-trapped areas because anomaly interferences from deep and shallow sources prevent clear identification of subjacent dyke systems. The structural positioning of dykes is of major importance in basin studies due to their role as a heat source for maturing organic matter and plumbing capacity to feed intrusive bodies and surface lava flows. Aeromagnetic data in such a scenario can outline faults and the basin framework but faces difficulties in identifying the distribution of dykes seated at different depth levels. We present a procedure that sequentially combines conventional processing techniques to identify and retrieve the magnetic anomaly content with 2-D properties, as expected from tabular dykes with contrasting magnetic properties with respect to the background medium. The mean direction of 2-D anomalies is quantitatively evaluated by tracking the directions in which the horizontal component of the transformed anomaly mostly vanishes. The observed field is then cosine-direction filtered to retain the anomaly content along this mean direction. Once isolated, the filtered 2-D content of the anomaly is interpreted with multiple thin-sheet models to determine the dyke distribution and their respective depths to the top. The inferred depths are interpreted concerning basin stratigraphic markers to recognize dykes possibly serving as a heat source for geothermal or petroleum and gas maturation, acting as compartments to aquifer systems, or determining the location of former conduits once feeding the lava flow volcanism. The developed procedure is applied to the Ponta Grossa Dyke Swarm, along its northwestern continuation beneath the basalt-capped sedimentary sequences of the Palaeozoic Paraná Basin. The distribution of the dykes recognizes a sequence confined to the bottom Palaeozoic formations with petroleum and gas potential, a sequence intercepting the upper layers forming the Guarani aquifer system (GAS) and dykes at different depth levels within the basalt Serra Geral traps, indicative of at least two feeding events supplying the Mesozoic surface lava flows.
Endoscopic Normalization and Transition of J-Pouch Phenotypes Over Time in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Akiyama Shintaro , Ollech Jacob E , Cohen Nathaniel A , Traboulsi Cindy , Rai Victoria , Glick Laura R , Yi Yangtian , Runde Joseph , Cohen Russell D , Olortegui Kinga B Skowron , Hurst Roger D , Umanskiy Konstantin , Shogan Benjamin D , Hyman Neil H , Rubin Michele A , Dalal Sushila R , Sakuraba Atsushi , Pekow Joel , Chang Eugene B , Rubin David T 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who undergo proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis may develop pouchitis. We previously proposed a novel endoscopic classification of pouchitis describing 7 phenotypes with differing outcomes. This study assessed phenotype transitions over time.

Methods
We classified pouch findings into 7 main phenotypes: (1) normal, (2) afferent limb (AL) involvement, (3) inlet (IL) involvement, (4) diffuse, (5) focal inflammation of the pouch body, (6) cuffitis, and (7) pouch-related fistulas noted more than 6 months after ileostomy takedown. Among 2 endoscopic phenotypes, the phenotype that was first identified was defined as the primary phenotype, and the phenotype observed later was defined as the subsequent phenotype.

Results
We retrospectively reviewed 1359 pouchoscopies from 426 patients (90% preoperative diagnosis of ulcerative colitis). The frequency of primary phenotype was 31% for AL involvement, 42% for IL involvement, 28% for diffuse inflammation, 72% for focal inflammation, 45% for cuffitis, 18% for pouch-related fistulas, and 28% for normal pouch. The most common subsequent phenotype was focal inflammation (64.8%), followed by IL involvement (38.6%), cuffitis (37.8%), AL involvement (25.6%), diffuse inflammation (23.8%), normal pouch (22.8%), and pouch-related fistulas (11.9%). Subsequent diffuse inflammation, pouch-related fistulas, and AL or IL stenoses significantly increased the pouch excision risk. Patients who achieved subsequent normal pouch were less likely to have pouch excision than those who did not (8.1% vs 15.7%; P = .15).

Conclusions
Pouch phenotype and the risk of pouch loss can change over time. In patients with pouch inflammation, subsequent pouch normalization is feasible and associated with favorable outcome.