bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and constraints in meeting international standards in UAE education: External objectives versus local realities
Authors: O'Sullivan Kathy 
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this paper is to examine some of the challenges faced by a private university in the United Arab Emirates in balancing the specific needs of the country's educational system with the requirements of both national reporting measures and international accreditation. It highlights some critical issues, restraints and innovations in education reform.A higher education system of quality is necessary for the evolution of a society. Yet, in an increasingly globalised world, when information regarding local culture and the local community is subsumed by standardised information required by international accreditation agencies, higher education institutions are tasked with matching the ambitious goals they have with very diverse local realities. In-depth interviews with administrators, faculty members and students resulted in narratives that shed light on what participants perceive as the challenges to achieving international standards in an environment with many local constraints.Strategic questions are also posed as to what shape the development of a national higher education system should take. This is against the backdrop of a recent proliferation of branch campuses of foreign universities and private universities in the Gulf region in general, and the United Arab Emirates in particular, that are primarily self-funding.This study provides recommendations to educational leaders and policy planners to arrive at plausible, meaningful solutions to the issue of taking into account often-neglected local contextual realities, to help provide for quality education to the local population while at the same time meeting international standards.
Nieuwe kennispraktijken: grenzenwerk revisited
Authors: Duiveman Robert , Grin John , Hafkamp Wim , Metze Tamara 
Published: November 2015

New knowledge practices: boundary work revisited
Given the scientific and social importance attached to productive interactions between science and policy practices, there is a striking lack of insight into current knowledge practices and the dilemmas they lead to. Our special issue can’t solve this deficiency but it can provide an impetus for opening up current knowledge practices, reflect on the role of science in them and instigate a more systematic exchange of methods. A warning is given for the reification of boundary work and Gabrielle Bammers’ Implementation and Integration Sciences is introduced as framework for the analyses.
Kenniscocreatie rond vernieuwing gebiedsontwikkeling is zinnig
Authors: de Boer Ymkje , Klinkenberg Jan 
Published: November 2015

Knowledge co-creation productive in the field of innovative area development
The research programme Urban Regions in the Delta (URD) wielded an approach worthy of emulation. Create ‘vital’ project consortia, crosslink the research project with on-going planning and policy making processes, give senior scientists a major role and engage expert process managers. These are four key success factors for knowledge co-creation in the field of area development, according to the programme (Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; URD, 2010-2014 http://urd.verdus.nl). Within URD scientists and practitioners were cooperating from the very beginning. The scientific insight and innovations generated are considered not very visible in traditional scientific publications, but the knowledge that was developed provides considerable added value to society.
Leerproces voor planologisch wetenschappelijk onderzoek en de praktijk
Authors: Beukers Els , Tan Wendy 
Published: November 2015

Lessons for practice-oriented research approaches in spatial planning
Planning research is increasingly focused on bridging the gap between practice and academia. However, this requires much effort and is not as commonplace as it seems. To ensure success, innovative research approaches, practitioners and academics are required. The experiential learning cycle of Kolb and Fry (1974) offers a research framework for the authors to reflect on their practice-oriented research on Cost Benefit Analysis processes (CBA) and Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) respectively. Both research projects are compared using the learning cycle. The cycle was completed in the CBA project but only partially resolved in the TOD project. Reflecting on their experiences with applying the learning cycle, the authors conclude on the possibilities and limitations of this application and offer insight into how the interaction between theory and practice can occur.
Grenzen verleggen in een dialoog over watermonitoring: beperkingen en kansen voor een transitie naar een bio-based economie
Authors: Metze Tamara , Schuitmaker Tjerk Jan 
Published: November 2015

Pushing boundaries in a dialogue on monitoring water quality: limitations and opportunities for a transition to a bio-based economy
A transition to a bio based economy requires social and technological innovations. Transition management theory holds that these innovations take place in niches that can bring about structural change in society, politics and the economy in a stepwise manner. However, these innovations are always subjected to systemic barriers, such as regulations and institutional structures, that need to be overcome. This was also the case in a consortium of government, industry and eco-toxicologists that collaboratively developed innovative water monitoring tools. In this contribution the authors investigate how systemic barriers can be made productive in a science-society dialogue by creating reflexivity and learning. They conducted a frame analysis of interviews and policy documents to unravel systemic barriers to innovation – in the form of discursive boundary work: the routinized demarcations of practices. Second, they experimented with a science-society dialogue to reflect on these routinized demarcations and develop alternatives to overcome these boundaries. The research demonstrates that reflective conversations occurred and that participants developed a boundary concept of ‘living water’ that enhanced their innovative collaboration and technology.
De staat als twaalfde man
Authors: van Duijn Dirk , Verheul Wouter Jan 
Published: November 2015

The state as twelfth player. Will public investment in stadiums add value to cities?
On a regular basis, the funding of football stadiums is an issue for large cities. Since football clubs appeal to the municipality for financial support, this is a public matter. Why should a municipality invest in a private project, such as a football stadium? What are the opportunities and risks? What is the public value of a stadium for the city? Based on literature reviews and case studies in Eindhoven and Amsterdam, this article examines what government involvement in stadium projects means, and what the outcomes of this involvement are. The cases show that stadiums may have social and economic spin-off effects on their surroundings, but one cannot take that for granted. Careful processes and elaborate strategies are needed for public investment in stadiums to really add value to the city. Based on the analyses, an assessment framework is presented for the benefit of new stadium project initiatives.
Efficiency enhancement of solution-processed inverted organic solar cells with a carbon-nanotube-doped active layer
Authors: Lin Wen-Kai , Su Shui-Hsiang , Yeh Meng-Cheng , Huang Yang-Chan , Yokoyama Meiso 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Solution-processed titanium-doped ZnO (TZO) is synthesized by the sol–gel method to be the electron-transporting layer (ETL) in an inverted organic solar cell (IOSC). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are doped into an active layer of poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM). The addition of CNTs in the P3HT:PCBM composite increases the conjugation length of P3HT:PCBM:CNTs, which simultaneously enhances the capacity of the composite to absorb solar energy radiation. Vanadium oxide (V2O5) was spin-coated onto the active layer to be a hole-transporting layer (HTL). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) results indicate that the V2O5 nanobelt structure possesses better phase separation and provides a more efficient surface area for the P3HT:PCBM:CNT active layer to increase photocurrent. The optimized IOSCs exhibited an open circuit voltage (V
oc), a short-circuit current density (J
sc), a fill factor (FF), and a PCE of 0.55 V, 6.50 mA/cm2, 58.34%, and 2.20%, respectively, under simulated AM1.5G illumination of 100 mW/cm2.
Nonstationary desertification dynamics of desert oasis under climate change and human interference
Authors: Huang Guohe , Qin Xiaosheng , He Li , Zhang Hua , Li Yongping , Li Zhong 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDesertification is becoming a major ecological concern in arid and semiarid regions, especially under climate change. Globally, it is burning up lands for human habitats with a rapidly spreading tendency. Many scientists have been struggling to explore the related mechanisms. Challenges remain in revealing the fundamental principle in terms of desert‐oasis interactions that are associated with nonstationary variations. Here we present a theory of desertification dynamics through examining nonstationary effects of climate change and human interference. We hypothesize that such dynamics can be described as the fate and transport of dry air mass continuously generated from desert. We simulate a region in northwestern China and reveal that dynamics of the nonstationary desertification process is subject to interactive impacts from a variety of factors. Our study moves forward the field of desertification studies through initiation of the dynamics and nonstationarity concepts which allow the fundamental mechanism to be disclosed.
Modeling ice dynamic contributions to sea level rise from the Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Schannwell C. , Barrand N. E. , Radić V. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe future ice dynamical contribution to sea level rise (SLR) from 199 ice shelf nourishing drainage basins of the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet is simulated, using the British Antarctic Survey Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Model. Simulations of the grounded ice sheet include response to ice shelf collapse, estimated by tracking thermal ice shelf viability limits in 14 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change global climate models ensemble temperature projections. Grounding line retreat in response to ice shelf collapse is parameterized with a new multivariate linear regression model utilizing a range of glaciological and geometric predictor variables. Multimodel means project SLR up to 9.4 mm sea level equivalent (SLE) by 2200, and up to 19 mm SLE by 2300. Rates of SLR from individual drainage basins throughout the peninsula are similar to 2100, yet diverge between 2100 and 2300 due to individual basin characteristics. Major contributors to SLR are the outlet glaciers feeding southern George VI Ice Shelf, accounting for >75% of total SLR in some model runs. Ice sheet thinning induced by ice‐shelf removal is large (up to ∼500 m), especially in Palmer Land in the southern Antarctic Peninsula, and may propagate as far as 135 km inland. These results emphasize the importance of the ice dynamical contribution to future sea level of the APIS on decadal to centennial timescales.
Content Analysis
Authors: Neuendorf Kimberly A. , Kumar Anup 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis entry reviews the methodological options for and issues important to quantitative content analysis, including human coding versus computer‐aided text analysis, reliability, validity (including external validity), and the integration of content analysis data with additional, extra‐message data. A general overview of qualitative approaches to content analysis is also provided. Further, the applications of content analysis in the field of political communication are reviewed, with two main focuses: the study of messages fulfilling a news function, and those supporting a campaign function.
Media Performance
Authors: McQuail Denis 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

The term
media performance
refers to a particular form of systematic critical analysis of the conduct and content of mass media in pursuing their stated or expected objectives. The focus may be on issues of professional quality or on goals relating to the wider public interest. The two often coincide. The main elements are the selection and definition of evaluative concepts and the collection of empirical data, mainly from practitioners, actual content, or audiences.
Induction treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in an elderly patient with intramarrow injection/administration of cytarabine: first report of a case
Authors: Islam Anwarul 
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical MessageWe have used intramarrow injection/administration of cytarabine (Ara‐C) instead of conventional intravenous approach to induce remission in an elderly patient with acute myelogenous leukemia. We show for the first time that the intramarrow injection of chemotherapeutic agents such as Ara‐C can be used safely and effectively.
Objective pulsatile tinnitus
Authors: Yacovino Dario A. , Casas Pablo 
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical MessageTinnitus is the usually unwanted perception of sound, in most cases there is no genuine physical source of sound. Less than 10% of tinnitus patients suffer from pulsatile tinnitus. Objective Pulsatile tinnitus can also be the first indication of dural arteriovenous fistula, so examination for such vascular origin must be performed.
A 19 year follow‐up of a woman with lipoprotein lipase deficiency treated with biliopancreatic diversion
Authors: Nosso Gabriella , Capaldo Brunella , Cocozza Sara , Vaccaro Olga 
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical MessageWe show the long‐term efficacy and safety of modified biliopancreatic diversion for the treatment of LPL‐deficiency. How this option compares with gene therapy is difficult to evaluate due to limited experience. Surgery may be the first option in patients in whom medical therapy is ineffective and gene therapy not applicable.
Four‐Component Relativistic DFT Calculations of 13C Chemical Shifts of Halogenated Natural Substances
Authors: Casella Girolamo , Bagno Alessandro , Komorovsky Stanislav , Repisky Michal , Saielli Giacomo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe have calculated the 13C NMR chemical shifts of a large ensemble of halogenated organic molecules (81 molecules for a total of 250 experimental 13C NMR data at four different levels of theory), ranging from small rigid organic compounds, used to benchmark the performance of various levels of theory, to natural substances of marine origin with conformational degrees of freedom. Carbon atoms bonded to heavy halogen atoms, particularly bromine and iodine, are known to be rather challenging when it comes to the prediction of their chemical shifts by quantum methods, due to relativistic effects. In this paper, we have applied the state‐of‐the‐art four‐component relativistic density functional theory for the prediction of such NMR properties and compared the performance with two‐component and nonrelativistic methods. Our results highlight the necessity to include relativistic corrections within a four‐component description for the most accurate prediction of the NMR properties of halogenated organic substances.
Entropy‐Driven 1,2‐Type Friedel–Crafts Reaction of Phenols with N‐tert‐Butoxycarbonyl Aldimines
Authors: Kato Masaru , Hirao Shogo , Nakano Katsuhiro , Sato Makoto , Yamanaka Masahiro , Sohtome Yoshihiro , Nagasawa Kazuo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDifferential activation entropy (ΔΔS≠) is revisited as an important parameter that governs catalytic stereodiscrimination processes by investigating temperature effects on the basis of the Eyring theory. However, correlating the ΔΔS≠ effect and the molecular structure of the asymmetric catalyst is still an underdeveloped area. Efforts to identify factors (including catalyst structure, reactants, and reaction conditions) that contribute to the attainment of large ΔΔS≠ values for enantioselective 1,2‐type Friedel‐Crafts reactions of phenols with N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl aldimines catalyzed by conformationally flexible guanidine bisthioureas are described. First, we uncover an interesting property of the ΔΔS≠‐driven stereodiscrimination process: maximum enantioselectivity is obtained at around room temperature. Second, a plausible transition‐state model accounting for the characteristic ΔΔS≠ effect and the structural dynamics of the conformationally flexible organocatalyst in the stereodiscrimination process is discussed.
The role of intramolecular self‐destruction of reactive metabolic intermediates in determining toxicity
Authors: Svennebring Andreas 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWhen reactive centers are formed in chemical conversions, intermolecular reactions tend to dominate over intramolecular alternatives whenever both alternatives are possible. Hence, when reactive metabolites are formed from xenobiotics, intramolecular quenching by moieties adjacent to a toxicophore may play an important role in reducing toxicity related to reactive intermediates. The phenomenon is likely to be particularly noticeable for toxicophores that are readily associated with a type of toxicity that is rarely caused by other structural motives. In two demonstrative investigations, it is concluded that nitrobenzenes for which the expected nitrosyl metabolite is likely to react with adjacent groups are less toxic than what is rationally expected, and that among aryl amine drugs allowing for the immediate quenching of the corresponding N‐aryl hydroxylamine metabolite, the typical erythrocyte toxicity often seen with aryl amines is absent. The deliberate introduction of effective quenching groups nearby a toxicophoric moiety may present a potential strategy for reducing toxicity in the design of drugs and other man‐made xenobiotics. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fracture Risk Is Decreased in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Register-Based and Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Rubin Katrine Hass , Glintborg Dorte , Nybo Mads , Andersen Marianne , Abrahamsen Bo 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Hyperandrogenism, obesity, and hyperinsulinemia may protect against osteoporosis, whereas amenorrhea, increased cortisol, and low growth hormone may be associated with higher fracture risk in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The objective of this study was to investigate fracture risk in PCOS. In the PCOS Denmark study, women with PCOS and/or hirsutism were identified in the Danish National Patient Register (1995–2012). Each patient was assigned three age-matched controls on the index date of PCOS diagnosis. Individuals with a previous endocrine diagnosis were excluded. Within PCOS Denmark, we embedded a well-characterized subcohort of patients, PCOS OUH, diagnosed with PCOS at Odense University Hospital (n = 1217). We identified incident fractures by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes and used conditional Cox regression analyses to compare fracture risk. In the PCOS Denmark study, there were 19,199 women with PCOS and 57,483 controls were included, mean age 30.6 years (range, 12–60 years). Fracture rates were decreased in PCOS Denmark (10.3/1000 patient years) versus controls (13.6/1000 patient years). The adjusted ORs were 0.76 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.80) for all fractures, 0.82 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.92) for major osteoporotic fractures, and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.47 to 0.70) for fractures of head and face. The risk reduction was more pronounced below the age of 30 years at diagnosis. Women with PCOS had significant more hospital contacts due to strains and sprains. In the PCOS OUH subcohort, the risk reduction of fractures did not differ between PCOS women with elevated versus normal testosterone levels and the risk reduction was nominally smaller in overweight versus normal weight PCOS women. Women with PCOS had reduced risk of fractures, in particular of the appendicular skeleton. The risk reduction was greater in women with younger age at diagnosis suggesting that the skeletal effects of PCOS may be greater in women who have not yet reached peak bone mass. Reduced participation in sports activities was probably not the reason for the reduced risk of fractures. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Beyond passivity: Dependency as a risk factor for intimate partner violence
Authors: Kane Fallon A. , Bornstein Robert F. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractInterpersonal dependency in male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) is an understudied phenomenon but one that has noteworthy clinical implications. The present investigation used meta‐analytic techniques to quantify the dependency‐IPV link in all extant studies examining this relationship (n of studies = 17). Studies were gathered via an extensive literature search using relevant dependency/IPV search terms in the PsychInfo, Medline and Google Scholar databases. Results revealed a small but statistically significant relationship between dependency and perpetration of IPV in men (r = 0.150, Combined Z = 4.25, p < 0.0001), with the magnitude of the dependency‐IPV link becoming stronger (r = 0.365, Combined Z = 6.00, p < 0.0001) when studies using measures of dependent personality disorder symptoms were omitted. Other moderators of the dependency‐IPV effect size included IPV measure, type of sample and perpetrator age. These findings illuminate the underlying dynamics and interpersonal processes involved in some instances of IPV and may aid in understanding how to identify and treat male perpetrators of domestic violence. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Model for Explosive Reactive Armor Interaction with Shaped Charge Jet
Authors: Micković Dejan , Jaramaz Slobodan , Elek Predrag , Miloradović Nenad , Jaramaz Dragana 
Published: November 2015

AbstractStudy of interaction of explosive reactive armor (ERA) with shaped charge jet is the basis for evaluation of the effectiveness of ERA. The physically based theoretical model of this interaction is given. It is incorporated in the NERA computer code. The influences of backward moving plate and forward moving plate thickness, explosive layer thickness, jet attack angle, and distance between ERA and main armor are investigated. The comprehensive analysis of a longitudinal point of impact effect on ERA efficiency, based on NERA code calculations, is presented. Computational results of NERA code are compared with experimental data. The computational and experimental results of penetration in the steel armour target are in good agreement. The developed code enables optimization of explosive reactive armor characteristics.