bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salidroside induces rat mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Zhao Hong‐Bin , Ma Hui , Ha Xiao‐Qin , Zheng Ping , Li Xiao‐Yun , Zhang Ming , Dong Ju‐Zi , Yang Yin‐Shu 
Published: December 2013

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons that leads to a reduction in striatal dopamine (DA) levels. Replacing lost cells by transplanting dopaminergic neurons has potential value to repair the damaged brain. Salidroside (SD), a phenylpropanoid glycoside isolated from plant Rhodiola rosea, is neuroprotective. We examined whether salidroside can induce mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into neuron‐like cells, and convert MSCs into dopamine neurons that can be applied in clinical use. Salidroside induced rMSCs to adopt a neuronal morphology, upregulated the expression of neuronal marker molecules, such as gamma neuronal enolase 2 (Eno2/NSE), microtubule‐associated protein 2 (Map2), and beta 3 class III tubulin (Tubb3/β‐tubulin III). It also increased expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3) and nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNAs, and promoted the secretion of these growth factors. The expression of dopamine neurons markers, such as dopamine‐beta‐hydroxy (DBH), dopa decarboxylase (DDC) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), was significantly upregulated after treatment with salidroside for 1–12 days. DA steadily increased after treatment with salidroside for 1–6 days. Thus salidroside can induce rMSCs to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons.
Topologically Sensitive Surface Segregations of Au–Pd Alloys in Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Okube Maki , Petrykin Valery , Mueller Jonathan E. , Fantauzzi Donato , Krtil Petr , Jacob Timo 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDensity functional calculations along with in situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy data show that AuPd alloys form unique potential‐controlled surface structures during the hydrogen evolution. We find evidence for surface segregations preferring a gold surface if the surface is free of chemisorbed species, while hydrogen adsorption triggers palladium segregation into the surface.
Insertion of a Single‐Molecule Magnet inside a Ferromagnetic Lattice Based on a 3D Bimetallic Oxalate Network: Towards Molecular Analogues of Permanent Magnets
Authors: Clemente‐León Miguel , Coronado Eugenio , Gómez‐García Carlos J. , López‐Jordà Maurici , Camón Agustín , Repollés Ana , Luis Fernando 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe insertion of the single‐molecule magnet (SMM) [MnIII(salen)(H2O)]22+ (salen2−=N,N′‐ethylenebis‐(salicylideneiminate)) into a ferromagnetic bimetallic oxalate network affords the hybrid compound [MnIII(salen)(H2O)]2[MnIICrIII(ox)3]2⋅(CH3OH)⋅(CH3CN)2 (1). This cationic Mn2 cluster templates the growth of crystals formed by an unusual achiral 3D oxalate network. The magnetic properties of this hybrid magnet are compared with those of the analogous compounds [MnIII(salen)(H2O)]2[ZnIICrIII(ox)3]2⋅(CH3OH)⋅(CH3CN)2 (2) and [InIII(sal2‐trien)][MnIICrIII(ox)3]⋅(H2O)0.25⋅(CH3OH)0.25⋅(CH3CN)0.25 (3), which are used as reference compounds. In 2 it has been shown that the magnetic isolation of the Mn2 clusters provided by their insertion into a paramagnetic oxalate network of CrIII affords a SMM behavior, albeit with blocking temperatures well below 500 mK even for frequencies as high as 160 kHz. In 3 the onset of ferromagnetism in the bimetallic MnIICrIII network is observed at Tc=5 K. Finally, in the hybrid compound 1 the interaction between the two magnetic networks leads to the antiparallel arrangement of their respective magnetizations, that is, to a ferrimagnetic phase. This coupling induces also important changes on the magnetic properties of 1 with respect to those of the reference compounds 2 and 3. In particular, compound 1 shows a large magnetization hysteresis below 1 K, which is in sharp contrast with the near‐reversible magnetizations that the SMMs and the oxalate ferromagnetic lattice show under the same conditions.
A 4‐MicroRNA signature can discriminate primary lymphomas from anaplastic carcinomas in thyroid cytology smears
Authors: Fassina Ambrogio , Cappellesso Rocco , Simonato Francesca , Siri Maayan , Ventura Laura , Tosato Francesca , Busund Lill‐Tove , Pelizzo Maria Rosa , Fassan Matteo 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDAnaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) and primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) are uncommon tumors of the thyroid gland with several overlapping clinical and pathologic features that may render their differentiation difficult in fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. MicroRNA (miRNA) signatures have been recently reported as useful diagnostic tools applied to cytology specimens.METHODSSmears of 23 ATCs, 14 PTLs, and 20 non‐neoplastic materials with multinodular goiter (MNG) were retrieved and classified based on their cytologic features and flow cytometric profiles. The ATC‐related expression of hsa‐miR‐26a, hsa‐miR‐146b, hsa‐miR‐221, and hsa‐miR‐222 was quantified using quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis.RESULTSAll miRNAs were remarkably up‐regulated in ATC samples compared with PTL samples (P < .01). Moreover, expression levels of hsa‐miR‐146b, hsa‐miR‐221, and hsa‐miR‐222 were significantly higher in ATCs than in MNG samples (P < .01). Significant down‐regulation of hsa‐miR‐26a was observed in PTLs compared with MNG samples, whereas hsa‐miR‐146b was overexpressed. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff for distinguishing ATC from PTL. The estimated receiver operating characteristic thresholds displayed a sensitivity level greater than 0.80 in achieving a diagnosis of PTL, allowing the correct identification of 13 of 14 PTL samples (93%).CONCLUSIONSHistotype‐specific miRNA signatures can provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of thyroid carcinogenesis. The tested 4‐miRNA signature is a promising diagnostic tool for differentiating ATC from PTL and non‐neoplastic MNG, even in the presence of scant material obtained from minimally invasive procedures. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:274–281. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
A comparative performance study of common and popular task‐centric programming frameworks
Authors: Podobas Artur , Brorsson Mats , Faxén Karl‐Filip 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYProgrammers today face a bewildering array of parallel programming models and tools, making it difficult to choose an appropriate one for each application. An increasingly popular programming model supporting structured parallel programming patterns in a portable and composable manner is the task‐centric programming model. In this study, we compare several popular task‐centric programming frameworks, including Cilk Plus, Threading Building Blocks, and various implementations of OpenMP 3.0. We have analyzed their performance on the Barcelona OpenMP Tasking Suite benchmark suite both on a 48‐core AMD Opteron 6172 server and a 64‐core TILEPro64 embedded many‐core processor. Our results show that the OpenMP offers the highest flexibility for programmers, and this flexibility comes to a cost. Frameworks supporting only a specific and more restrictive model, such as Cilk Plus and Threading Building Blocks, are generally more efficient both in terms of performance and energy consumption. However, Intel's implementation of OpenMP tasks performs the best and closest to the specialized run‐time systems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Luminescent Materials of Europium(III) Coordinated by a Terpyridine‐Functionalized Poly(Ionic Liquid)
Authors: Ru Qiaorong , Xue Zhxin , Wang Yige , Liu Yamei , Li Huanrong 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA new poly(ionic liquid) (Terpy‐PIL) carrying a terpyridine group in each repeating unit of the polymer architecture was readily prepared by polymerization of the monomer (Terpy‐IL), which was initiated by azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN). The obtained poly(ionic liquid) can coordinate and sensitize europium(III) ions through numerous chelating terpyridine moieties, which are linked to the polymer chains. A red‐emitting luminescent material was obtained by the complexation of europium(III) salts with Terpy‐PIL, and the luminescence is due to an energy transfer from the terpyridine moieties to Eu3+ ions. The luminescence performance of the luminescent material based on Terpy‐PIL, for example the 5D0 quantum efficiency and the decay time, is much higher than that of the luminescent material prepared from the monomer Terpy‐IL, which can be ascribed to the confinement of the europium(III)–terpyridine complexes to the polymer architecture.
Mapping Data, Geographic Information Systems
Authors: Azzam Tarek 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis chapter offers an introduction to geographic information systems (GIS) and provides examples of how this approach to data visualization can help evaluators better understand the context in which they are working, conduct a deeper analysis of the data, and communicate using maps to illustrate important findings and patterns. The chapter also discusses the limitations of this approach and offers suggestions for those interested in integrating GIS in their evaluation practice. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.
A modular, operator‐splitting scheme for fluid–structure interaction problems with thick structures
Authors: Bukač M. , Čanić S. , Glowinski R. , Muha B. , Quaini A. 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYWe present an operator‐splitting scheme for fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems in hemodynamics, where the thickness of the structural wall is comparable to the radius of the cylindrical fluid domain. The equations of linear elasticity are used to model the structure, while the Navier–Stokes equations for an incompressible viscous fluid are used to model the fluid. The operator‐splitting scheme, based on the Lie splitting, separates the elastodynamics structure problem from a fluid problem in which structure inertia is included to achieve unconditional stability. We prove energy estimates associated with unconditional stability of this modular scheme for the full nonlinear FSI problem defined on a moving domain, without requiring any sub‐iterations within time steps. Two numerical examples are presented, showing excellent agreement with the results of monolithic schemes. First‐order convergence in time is shown numerically. Modularity, unconditional stability without temporal sub‐iterations, and simple implementation are the features that make this operator‐splitting scheme particularly appealing for multi‐physics problems involving FSI. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Self‐Assembled Helical Supramolecular Polymer of Ethyl 7,8‐dihydro‐3‐hydroxy‐9‐methyl‐7‐(4′‐nitrophenyl)‐6H‐dibenzo[c]‐ pyran‐6‐one‐8‐carboxylate
Authors: Chen Chaoyue , Hu Jinsong , Zhang Xiaomei , Shi Jianjun , He Jie 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA structurally novel compound was isolated as the main product of tandem Pechmann–dehydration between diethyl 4‐hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐2‐(4′‐nitrophenyl)‐6‐oxocyclohexane‐1,3‐dicarboxylate (1) and resorcinol in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid. The structure of the product was determined as a racemate of (7R,8R)‐ and (7S,8S)‐ethyl 7,8‐dihydro‐3‐hydroxy‐9‐methyl‐7‐(4′‐nitrophenyl)‐6H‐dibenzo[c]‐pyran‐6‐one‐8‐carboxylate (3a) enantiomers by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The X‐ray crystal structure revealed that 3a possesses an extended and more stable conjugated aromatic system as a consequence of the stereoselectivity of intramolecular dehydration behavior of Pechmann condensation product 2. In the crystal superstructure, the (7R,8R)‐ and (7S,8S)‐isomers of 3a respectively self‐assembled into left‐ and right‐handed supramolecular helical chains with a channel size of 3.70 Å × 10.20 Å in virtue of intermolecular hydrogen bonding together with dramatic twisting between carboxylate group at C8 and tricyclic ring framework of 3a, which are then arranged alternatively along the b‐axis direction with a pitch length of 7.894 Å.
Learning About Managing the Business in the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Li Li , Gray David E. , John Lockwood Andrew , Buhalis Dimitrios 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis research examines the learning experiences of general managers (GMs) in the hospitality industry, a sector much neglected in terms of research into management learning and human resource development. Our research focused on four large hospitality organizations (two hotels and two contract catering companies) and adopted an approach that integrates multiple data collection strategies in supporting our qualitative case studies. Data were collected by using document analysis plus detailed, qualitative interviews with 21 general managers, of whom 7 were subsequently observed at work and observation notes generated. Data analysis revealed that the participants learned to manage the business primarily through experience, a process consisting of four key stages: Being Challenged, Information Searching, Information Transformation, and Testing. Reflective thinking plays a central role in their learning, taking the form of “actions” involving association, integration and validation, and of “products” involving content, process and context reflections. We argue that the way hospitality managers learn, while sharing the learning approaches taken by other professionals, differs in that these managers' learning is more highly contextualized.
CANAL CONTROLLER FOR THE LARGEST WATER TRANSFER PROJECT IN CHINA
Authors: Cui Wei , Chen Wenxue , Mu Xiangpeng , Bai Yinbaoligao 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA control system consisting of a decentralized feedback controller, a centralized feedforward controller and a decoupler is presented for the Middle Route Project for South‐to‐North Water Transfer in China. The feedback controller is a kind of level‐discharge cascade adaptive PI controller, which has the merit of diminishing unknown disturbances and reducing coupling effects of the control action on downstream canal pools. The volume compensation algorithm is used in the feedforward controller to reduce time delays in scheduled delivery of the long‐ distance canal system. And the decoupler is designed to decrease the coupling effects of the control action from the upstream pools. This controller is tested in part of the Middle Route Project for South‐to‐North Water Transfer using distant downstream water depth by means of numerical simulation. The results show that the control system can efficiently deal with known and unknown disturbances, and can significantly reduce the delay time and the coupling effects between the canal pools. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimization of process parameters and dissolution kinetics of nickel and cobalt from lateritic chromite overburden using organic acids
Authors: Biswas Supratim , Chakraborty Suparna , Chaudhuri Mahua Ghosh , Banerjee Pataki C , Mukherjee Siddhartha , Dey Rajib 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDLeaching kinetics of the roasted (at 600°C) chromite overburden of Sukinda mines Orissa, India, was studied with optimized data generated through response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with Box‐Behnken design (BBD). The effects of oxalic, citric and gluconic acid concentration (50–150 mmol L−1), reaction temperature (60° to 80°C) and period (up to 3 h) on metal (nickel and cobalt) dissolution were examined.RESULTSExtraction of nickel and cobalt to the extent of 63.61% and 44.33%, respectively, was achieved using 150 mmol L−1 oxalic acid at 80°C in 3 h; compared with other acids, oxalic acid leached more of the metals. Associated apparent activation energy for Ni was 74 kJ mol−1, and that for cobalt was 84.37 kJ mol−1 during the first hour, and 80.99 kJ mol−1 for the remaining period since cobalt leaching followed biphasic kinetics.CONCLUSIONDissolution of nickel and cobalt from the roasted chromite overburden was highly dependent on the amenability of ore minerals to organic acid attack. Nickel leaching data fit the three‐dimensional diffusion mechanism of the type Ginstling Brounsthein (GB) equation while a mixed kinetic model consisting of spherical geometry and the GB equation was followed for cobalt. This work presents maximum recovery of nickel and cobalt from chromite overburden using organic acid reported to date. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
New data about the functional morphology of the chaetiferous leech‐like annelids Acanthobdella peledina (Grube, 1851) and Paracanthobdella livanowi (Epshtein, 1966) (Clitellata, Acanthobdellida)
Authors: Bielecki Aleksander , Cichocka Joanna Maria , Jeleń Iwona , Świątek Piotr , Płachno Bartosz Jan , Pikuła Dorota 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTApproximately 130 individuals of Acanthobdella peledina and 100 individuals of Paracanthobdella livanowi were studied. Morphometric measurements were taken to explore the body form. The digestive and the reproductive systems of leech‐like annelids were analyzed for the first time in such a high number of specimens. Observation of A. peledina and P. livanowi revealed crucial differences in the reproductive system of the analyzed taxa, mostly regarding variation in the shape of the testisacs and the length of the ovisacs. The results of a digestive system analysis suggest that blood‐sucking parasites of the order Acanthobdellida may also lead a predatory lifestyle. The presented findings support the taxonomic division of the order Acanthobdellida into the families Acanthobdellidae and Paracanthobdellidae. Multiple similarities between Acanthobdellida and Hirudinida were also discussed. J. Morphol. 275:528–539, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Methodological approaches in conducting overviews: current state in HTA agencies
Authors: Pieper Dawid , Antoine Sunya‐Lee , Morfeld Jana‐Carina , Mathes Tim , Eikermann Michaela 
Published: December 2013

ObjectivesOverviews search for reviews rather than for primary studies. They might have the potential to support decision making within a shorter time frame by reducing production time. We aimed to summarize available instructions for authors intending to conduct overviews as well as the currently applied methodology of overviews in international Health Technology Assessment (HTA) agencies.MethodsWe identified 127 HTA agencies and scanned their websites for methodological handbooks as well as published overviews as HTA reports. Additionally, we contacted HTA agencies by e‐mail to retrieve possible unidentified handbooks or other related sources.ResultsIn total, eight HTA agencies providing methodological support were found. Thirteen HTA agencies were found to have produced overviews since 2007, but only six of them published more than four overviews. Overviews were mostly employed in HTA products related to rapid assessment. Additional searches for primary studies published after the last review are often mentioned in order to update results.ConclusionsAlthough the interest in overviews is rising, little methodological guidance for the conduct of overviews is provided by HTA agencies. Overviews are of special interest in the context of rapid assessments to support policy‐making within a short time frame. Therefore, empirical work on overviews needs to be extended. National strategies and experience should be disclosed and discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functional and quality‐of‐life outcomes after reirradiation for head and neck cancer
Authors: Chen Allen M. , Vazquez Esther , Michaud Anthony L. , Farwell D. Gregory , Purdy James A. 
Published: December 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo examine functional and quality‐of‐life outcomes for patients treated by reirradiation to the head and neck for recurrent or new primary cancers.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsThe University of Washington Quality of Life Instrument (UW‐QOL) scores were reviewed with swallow evaluations for 17 patients with biopsy‐proven recurrent or new primary squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with reirradiation who were clinically without evidence of disease at a minimum follow‐up of 1 year. All patients had received their initial radiation therapy to a median dose of 66 Gy (range, 60–72 Gy). The median interval between radiation courses was 30 months (range, 6–132 months). The median reirradiation dose was 60 Gy (range, 54–70 Gy).ResultsAt 1 year after reirradiation, the mean UW‐QOL composite score was 67.0 (range, 22.1–83.5), which did not differ significantly from baseline (P = .57). The proportion of patients who rated their global quality of life as “very good” or “outstanding” at 1 year after reirradiation was 35%. The percentage of patients who reported their global quality of life as “good/fair” and “poor/very poor” were 59% and 6%, respectively.ConclusionsThe majority of survivors in this highly selected series were devoid of new impairment after reirradiation and were satisfied with their functional status. Although nearly all patients had side effects from their prior radiation course prior to reirradiation, no patient reported a decline in global quality of life from before reirradiation to 1 year post‐treatment.Level of Evidence2c Laryngoscope, 124:1807–1812, 2014
Permeability determination of porous media using large‐scale finite elements and iterative solver
Authors: Karim M. R. , Krabbenhoft K. , Lyamin A. V. 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYThe problem of finite element simulation of incompressible fluid flow in porous medium is considered. The porous medium is characterized by the X‐ray microtomography technique in three dimensions. The finite calculus‐based stabilization technique is reviewed to implement the equal order finite element interpolation functions for both velocity and pressure. A noble preconditioner, the nodal block diagonal preconditioner, is considered whose performance is thoroughly investigated. Combining this preconditioner with a standard iterative solver during the computational homogenization procedure, it is possible to carry out the large‐scale fluid flow simulation for estimating permeability of the porous medium with reasonable accuracy and reliability. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to establish a credible spectrum sensing and allocation model
Authors: Zhang Guanghua , Zhang Yuqing , Liu Xuefeng 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThis study focuses on the false feedback of spectrum information and the malicious behavior that forcibly occupies spectrum resources in cognitive radio networks. A credible spectrum sensing and allocation model based on fuzzy theory is proposed. The spectrum sensing behavior and spectrum utilization behavior are taken as two evaluation factors. On the basis of subjectivity and uncertainty of trust, this study adopts the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to construct the trust evaluation of nodes. In cooperative spectrum sensing, comprehensive evaluation results can be used to identify malicious nodes and eliminate false feedback information. In spectrum allocation, the degree of lattice closeness among fuzzy sets is used to define and calculate the difference between the actual comprehensive evaluation set and the ideal comprehensive evaluation. The difference is calculated to quantify the credibility of non‐malicious nodes and to determine the allocation of spectrum resources to nodes using the multi‐objective optimization algorithm. These techniques can control the malicious behaviors of nodes and encourage cooperative behavior among nodes. Consequently, the joint design of spectrum sensing at the physical layer and spectrum allocation at the media access control layer is realized. Simulation results and analysis indicate that under malicious attacks, the proposed model has sound performance in terms of system sensing, throughput, and fair spectrum allocation compared with existing models. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.