bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B-cell translocation gene 2 mediates crosstalk between PI3K/Akt1 and NFκB pathways which enhances transcription of MnSOD by accelerating IκBα degradation in normal and cancer cells
Authors: Sundaramoorthy Santhoshkumar , Ryu Min Sook , Lim In Kyoung 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) belongs to antiproliferative (ARPO) gene family and the expression of BTG2, human ortholog of rat PC3 and mouse TIS21 gene, has been shown to render cancer cells more sensitive to doxorubicin treatment by upregulating MnSOD expression without regulating any other reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes.

Results
In the present study, by employing exogenous and endogenous BTG2/TIS21/Pc3 expression by transfection and transduction analyses, and by knockdown of gene expression using RNA interference or using gene knockout cells, we observed that BTG2 increased the binding of activated NF-κB (p65/RelA) to the enhancer element of MnSOD gene in the 2nd intron, which was regulated by p-Akt1, and the induction of MnSOD by BTG2 was accompanied with subsequent downregulation of ROS level and cyclin B1 biosynthesis along with the increase of p21WAF1, resulting in the G2/M arrest independent of p53.

Conclusions
These results show for the first time that BTG2 mediates crosstalk between PI3K-Akt1 and NF-κB pathways, which regulates p53-independent induction of G2/M phase arrest both in normal and cancer cells.
Identification and characterization of regulatory elements in the promoter of ACVR1, the gene mutated in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva
Authors: Giacopelli Francesca , Cappato Serena , Tonachini Laura , Mura Marzia , Di Lascio Simona , Fornasari Diego , Ravazzolo Roberto , Bocciardi Renata 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundTheACVR1gene encodes a type I receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Mutations in theACVR1gene are associated with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP), a rare and extremely disabling disorder characterized by congenital malformation of the great toes and progressive heterotopic endochondral ossification in muscles and other non-skeletal tissues. Several aspects of FOP pathophysiology are still poorly understood, including mechanisms regulatingACVR1expression. This work aimed to identify regulatory elements that controlACVR1gene transcription.Methods and resultsWe first characterized the structure and composition of humanACVR1gene transcripts by identifying the transcription start site, and then characterized a 2.9 kb upstream region. This region showed strong activating activity when tested by reporter gene assays in transfected cells. We identified specific elements within the 2.9 kb region that are important for transcription factor binding using deletion constructs, co-transfection experiments with plasmids expressing selected transcription factors, site-directed mutagenesis of consensus binding-site sequences, and by protein/DNA binding assays. We also characterized a GC-rich minimal promoter region containing binding sites for the Sp1 transcription factor.ConclusionsOur results showed that several transcription factors such as Egr-1, Egr-2, ZBTB7A/LRF, and Hey1, regulate theACVR1promoter by binding to the -762/-308 region, which is essential to confer maximal transcriptional activity. The Sp1 transcription factor acts at the most proximal promoter segment upstream of the transcription start site. We observed significant differences in different cell types suggesting tissue specificity of transcriptional regulation. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms that regulate expression of theACVR1gene and that could be targets of new strategies for future therapeutic treatments.
Pattern of Brain Injury in the Acute Setting of Human Septic Shock
Authors: Polito Andrea , Eischwald Frédéric , Maho Anne-Laure Le , Polito Angelo , Azabou Eric , Annane Djillali , Chrétien Fabrice , Stevens Robert D , Carlier Robert , Sharshar Tarek 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Background
Sepsis-associated brain dysfunction has been linked to white matter lesions (leukoencephalopathy) and ischemic stroke. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of brain lesions in septic shock patients requiring magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for an acute neurologic change.

Method
Seventy-one septic shock patients were included in a prospective observational study. Patients underwent daily neurological examination. Brain MRI was obtained in patients who developed focal neurological deficit, seizure, coma, or delirium. Electroencephalogy was performed in case of coma, delirium, or seizure. Leukoencephalopathy was graded and considered present when white matter lesions were either confluent or diffuse. Patient outcome was evaluated at 6 months with the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).

Results
We included 71 patients with median age of 65 years (56 to 76) and SAPS II at admission of 49 (38 to 60). MRI was indicated on focal neurological sign in 13 (18%), seizure in 7 (10%), coma in 33 (46%), and delirium in 35 (49%). MRI was normal in 37 patients (52%) and showed cerebral infarcts in 21 (29%), leukoencephalopathy in 15 (21%), and mixed lesions in 6 (8%). EEG malignant pattern was more frequent in patients with ischemic stroke or leukoencephalopathy. Ischemic stroke was independently associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), focal neurologic signs, increased mortality, and worse GOS at 6 months.

Conclusions
Brain MRI in septic shock patients who developed acute brain dysfunction can reveal leukoencephalopathy and ischemic stroke, which is associated with DIC and increased mortality.
Novel Molecular Approaches to the Structure–Activity Relationships and Unique Characterizations of Co–Mo Sulfide Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts for the Production of Ultraclean Fuels
Authors: Okamoto Yasuaki 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts have been extensively used worldwide in refineries to protect the environment. The present Account reviews our recent studies to establish the structure–activity relationships of HDS catalysts on a molecular level. We have developed two molecular approaches to this issue; a molecular cluster approach using intrazeolite Mo sulfide and CoMo binary sulfide clusters possessing well-defined structures and a CVD-CoMo sulfide designed catalyst approach in which Co is exclusively accommodated in the CoMoS structure, the active sites of HDS catalysts. It is revealed that the Co sites of intrazeolite thiocubane-type [Co2Mo2S6] clusters play a pivotal role in HDS reaction and that the Mo–Mo atomic distance of Mo2S4 dinuclear clusters determines the HDS activity. Designed CVD-CoMo catalysts supported on refractory oxides have been successfully prepared by CVD using [Co(CO)3NO] as a precursor of Co. Combined with magnetic properties and XAFS, it is concluded that the CoMoS structure is dinuclear Co sulfide clusters located on the edge of MoS2 nanoparticles. It is shown that the intrinsic activity of the CoMoS structure substantially depends on the MoS2-edge where it is located. The effects of support and additives are discussed on the basis of the intrinsic activity. Both MoS2–support interactions and reaction or sulfidation conditions elucidate the local structure and intrinsic activity of the CoMoS structure. It is demonstrated that the CVD technique using [Co(CO)3NO] provides unique characterization methods of HDS catalysts.
Treat to Goal: Impact of Clinical Pharmacist Referral Service Primarily in Diabetes Management
Authors: Henry Thomas M. , Smith Steven , Hicho Michael 
Published: September 2013

Purpose To describe the impact of pharmacist services in a collaborative practice providing care to primarily Medicaid and indigent patients. The practice includes primary care physicians, nurses, a care navigator, and pharmacists. Pharmacy services are provided by pharmacists, including PGY-1 pharmacy residents and pharmacy students. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted to perform a pre-post analysis on all patients referred to pharmacists within an adult medicine clinic. Patients were included if they were more than 18 years old; were referred for type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or medication reconciliation; and were seen from August 2010 to March 2011. All charts were reviewed to assess pharmacist impact on adherence to standards of care including hemoglobin A1c; lipids; blood pressure; vaccination status; usage of aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, and statins; and other criteria. Subgroup analysis was performed on diabetic patients who were not at goal at the time of referral to the pharmacy clinic. Results Ninety-three charts were reviewed. In the overall group, rates of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination improved significantly, as did annual foot and eye exams in diabetics. Pharmacists significantly decreased A1c from 9.12% at baseline to 8.13% ( P < .001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 142.6 to 133.5 mm Hg ( P < .001), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from 143.6 to 103.2 mg/dL ( P < .001) in diabetic patients who were not at goal at baseline. Conclusions Pharmacists were effective in improving surrogate outcomes for patients with diabetes and in assisting physicians to address all standards of care.
Evaluation of Education on the Appropriate Use of Vitamin K in Warfarin Reversal in Adult Inpatients
Authors: Van Berkel Megan A. , Crannage Andrew J. , Murphy Julie A. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose Vitamin K (phytonadione) is a commonly used first-line reversal agent for vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy in patients presenting with a supratherapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) with or without significant bleeding or in patients with a therapeutic INR in need of surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of education on the appropriate use of vitamin K for VKA reversal. Methods Data were collected on patients admitted to a community teaching hospital during February 2010 (pre-education group). These data were analyzed to determine the most common guideline deviations in vitamin K use. Following this analysis, pharmacist education took place in the form of in-service presentations; a protocol, including a guideline-based dosing table, was developed to assist pharmacists in evaluating vitamin K therapy. Data were then collected on patients admitted during February 2011 (post-education group). Results Forty patients and 47 vitamin K administrations were included in the pre-education group, and 34 patients and 49 vitamin K administrations were included in the post-education group. The number of patients with appropriate vitamin K administrations improved after pharmacist education (25% pre-education vs 55.8% post-education; P = .01). Whereas 27.6% of individual vitamin K administrations were appropriate in the pre-education group, this increased to 63.2% in the post-education group ( P = .04). Conclusion Education techniques on the appropriate use of vitamin K for VKA reversal significantly improved compliance with standards of care for proper use of vitamin K. Additional education sessions are necessary to further increase compliance with standards of care and subsequently optimize patient care.
Prognostic Performance of a High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Assay in Patients with Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Bohula May Erin A , Bonaca Marc P , Jarolim Petr , Antman Elliott M , Braunwald Eugene , Giugliano Robert P , Newby L Kristin , Sabatine Marc S , Morrow David A 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

BACKGROUND
High-sensitivity assays for cardiac troponin enable more precise measurement of very low concentrations and improved diagnostic accuracy. However, the prognostic value of these measurements, particularly at low concentrations, is less well defined.

METHODS
We evaluated the prognostic performance of a new high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay (Abbott ARCHITECT) compared with the commercial fourth generation cTnT assay in 4695 patients with non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) from the EARLY-ACS (Early Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibition in NSTE-ACS) and SEPIA-ACS1-TIMI 42 (Otamixaban for the Treatment of Patients with NSTE-ACS) trials. The primary endpoint was cardiovascular death or new myocardial infarction (MI) at 30 days. Baseline cardiac troponin was categorized at the 99th percentile reference limit (26 ng/L for hs-cTnI; 10 ng/L for cTnT) and at sex-specific 99th percentiles for hs-cTnI.

RESULTS
All patients at baseline had detectable hs-cTnI compared with 94.5% with detectable cTnT. With adjustment for all other elements of the TIMI risk score, patients with hs-cTnI ≥99th percentile had a 3.7-fold higher adjusted risk of cardiovascular death or MI at 30 days relative to patients with hs-cTnI &lt;99th percentile (9.7% vs 3.0%; odds ratio, 3.7; 95% CI, 2.3–5.7; P &lt; 0.001). Similarly, when stratified by categories of hs-cTnI, very low concentrations demonstrated a graded association with cardiovascular death or MI (P-trend &lt; 0.001). Use of sex-specific cutpoints did not improve prognostic performance. Patients with negative fourth generation cTnT (&lt;10 ng/L) but hs-cTnI ≥26 ng/L were at increased risk of cardiovascular death/MI compared to those with hs-cTnI &lt;26 ng/L (9.2% vs 2.9%, P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS
Application of this hs-cTnI assay identified a clinically relevant higher risk of recurrent events among patients with NSTE-ACS, even at very low troponin concentrations.
14th FESTIVAL ON WHEELS- Kars Nov. 7-13 2008
Authors: Dönmez-Colin Gönül 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
If people do not go to the cinema, the cinema goes to the people. This is the best way to describe the Festival on Wheels that has been bringing quality cinema to the remotest corners of Turkey while carrying the best of Turkish cinema to European and North American capitals. Kars, an eastern town laden with history lies at the Turkish-Armenian border. For a population of about 325,000 inhabitants, there are only two halls with screening possibilities. Hence, the importance of the festival that showcases an impressive selection of films from around the world in addition to the latest gems of Turkish cinema.
Where are you from? Place as a form of scripting in independent cinema
Authors: Murphy J. J. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Large-budget Hollywood studio productions generally prefer a high level of fabrication in creating a film’s setting, either through the building of sets or through special effects, because it gives the production team greater control. Yet that’s often been less true of indie films historically. For a variety of reasons, the setting or location of independent films often becomes a central part of the scripting of a film. It is obviously cheaper to use what already exists in reality rather than to attempt to create a location through set design or art direction. Beyond issues of budget, however, my interest here is in exploring how ‘place’ can actually function as a key element in the scripting process, especially one that is rooted in visual storytelling, by taking into account the myriad ways that a film’s setting can contribute to and enhance the narrative beyond the use of generic, decorative or touristic locations. Using examples drawn from independent cinema, the article argues that place can have an intrinsic, integrative, stylistic, structural, conceptual and thematic function.
Screenwriting without typing – the case of Calamari Union
Authors: Talvio Raija 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The first part of this article is a practice-based case study of the making of the film Calamari Union (1985), a Finnish cult classic written and directed by Aki Kaurismäki. I was the film editor of this film as well as of several other features and short films by Kaurismäki in the 1980s. From the point of view of screenwriting research, Calamari Union offers a thought-provoking example: it is a feature-length fiction film that was made entirely without a formal screenplay. In the case study I examine the effects of this method in the production and post-production of the film. In the second part of the article I discuss the definitions of a ‘screenplay’ and screenwriting in the context of alternative film-making practices, and the reasons for and consequences of the choice of such practices. I will also briefly visit the question of authorship in cinema and reflect on the birth of stories.
How to film an author: Portrait films of authors in the silent age in Scandinavia and elsewhere
Authors: Schröder Stephan Michael 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Authors and silent films were in many regards an odd couple, even when it came to portraying authors in film. This article explores the genre of the portrait film of an author, predominantly constituted in the 1910s and encompassing at least 32 films in the silent period in Scandinavia, in spite of the pronounced iconokinetophobia of many authors. The continuity and discontinuity in the enactment of authors in contrast to the photographic portrait of the author is investigated in relation to status marking through insignia of writing, spatialization and the topos of media competition.
Influence of a Second Liquid Phase upon Carbon Dioxide Chemical Absorption
Authors: Couvert A. , García‐Abuín A. , Gómez‐Díaz D. , Navaza J. M. , Rodríguez-Dafonte P. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This work analyzes carbon dioxide mass transfer rate during chemical absorption from a gas phase to a liquid–liquid system based on an aqueous phase (glucosamine or pyrrolidine solutions) and an organic one. Two different kinds of silicone oil with different viscosity were used to perform the liquid phases, and it allows the analysis of the influence of this variable upon mass transfer rate. In these systems, a surfactant (Tween80) was added to stabilize the liquid–liquid system, and therefore, the influence of the presence of this surfactant in the liquid phase was studied. This substance produces a positive effect upon carbon dioxide absorption rate in glucosamine aqueous solutions, but the opposite effect was observed for the other amine employed in this work. Also, the influence caused by different operation variables, such as the gas flow-rate fed to the bubble contactor or the silicone oil concentration in the liquid phase, was studied.
Assessment of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Repair for Laterally Damaged Prestressed Concrete Girders
Authors: ElSafty A. , Graeff M. K. , Fallaha S. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This paper presents an investigation of the most efficient configuration of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) for repairing laterally damaged prestressed concrete (PS) bridge girders. The flexural behavior of 10 half-scale AASHTO type II 20-ft-long PS girders is presented in this paper. Lateral damage due to vehicle collision impact was simulated by sawing through the concrete of the bottom flange and slicing through one of the prestressing strands. The damaged concrete was repaired, and different CFRP repair configurations (longitudinal soffit strips and U-wrapping) were applied. Both the control and repaired PS girders were tested in flexure until failure using a four-point loading setup. Measurements of the applied load, the deflection at five different locations, strains along the cross-section height at mid-span, and multiple strains longitudinally along the bottom soffit were recorded. We also compared the performance of girders with full wrapping of CFRP to that of girders with longitudinal CFRP strips applied to the bottom of girders combined with discrete, spaced U-wrapping strips. Conclusions are drawn regarding the most efficient CFRP design configuration for avoiding CFRP debonding and undesired failure modes.
Correlation Between Resistivity and Petrophysical Parameters of a Carbonate Rock During Two-Phase Flow Displacements
Authors: Pairoys F. , Al-Zoukani A. , Keskin A. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
In formation evaluation and reservoir engineering, resistivity index, relative permeability, and capillary pressure are crucial parameters for estimating oil reserves and planning a production scenario. They can be determined in the laboratory using Special Core Analysis, or SCAL techniques. Since they are all functions of fluid saturation, correlations between them may exist; but the literature on their inter-relationships is lacking. In this paper, experimental relative permeabilities and relative permeabilities obtained from resistivity measurements using Li’s model (2007) are compared for different immiscible brine-oil displacements.
An experimental study on a water-wet grainstone rock was initiated in order to measure its resistivity response during different ambient water-oil flow displacements. Three different flooding techniques were performed and compared. The most popular technique is the resistivity porous plate Pc-RI method where resistivity and capillary pressure are measured at equilibrium. The steady-state flooding method was also tested; resistivity and steady-state relative permeability were measured at the equilibrium state. Finally the fastest yet least reliable method is the transient technique or unsteady-state flooding method where resistivity and unsteady-state relative permeability are measured under transient conditions.
A comparison between resistivity index obtained from the three flooding techniques showed that the unsteady-state technique cannot give reliable resistivity index curve, and so should be avoided to infer Kr from resistivity measurements. The Pc-RI method provides the most reliable resistivity index curve but relative permeability can only be derived from the capillary pressure curve. Finally, the steady-state displacement was found to be the best method to compare experimental relative permeability with relative permeability inferred from resistivity. In spite of an acceptable match between them, an improvemnent of Li’s model is proposed.
Additional investigations such as effects of wettability and rock heterogeneities on these results will be necessary to validate the generality of the overall workflow.
Fluid Identification in Complex Clastic Reservoirs Using 2D NMR Maps: A Case Study from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Meridji Yacine , Hursan Gabor , Eid Mahmoud , Balliet Ron 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The formation evaluation of Saudi Arabian reservoirs presents multiple challenges. The complexities encountered include varying mineralogy and mixed lithologies, a wide range of porosities and pore types, hydrocarbon viscosity, and variable formation water salinities.
Two-dimensional (2D) analysis of NMR data acquired with simultaneous T1-T2 has proven to be beneficial for the identification and quantification of hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs and providing valuable information about porosity and reservoir quality.
NMR porosity measurements are free from mineralogical effects and, therefore, provide a very good estimate of formation porosity. Moveable and bound fractional fluid porosities from NMR provide additional reservoir information and are used for estimating permeability. Simultaneous T1-T2 acquisition and two dimensional analyses provide graphic 2D identification for the presence of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon type, as well as a volumetric estimate of near wellbore hydrocarbons independent of formation water resistivity.
Results from a simultaneous NMR T1-T2 acquisition are compared to formation tester results. The strong correlation between the NMR predictions and the formation tester results suggests this method is effective in the evaluation of challenging formations and might also be applicable to other reservoirs.