bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Estimates of Multidimensional Poverty in India
Authors: Dehury Bidyadhar , Mohanty Sanjay K. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This paper estimates and decomposes multidimensional poverty in 82 natural regions in India using unit data from the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS), 2011–12. Multidimensional poverty is measured in the dimensions of health, education, living standard and household environment using eight indicators and Alkire-Foster methodology. The unique contributions of the paper are inclusion of a direct economic variable (consumption expenditure, work and employment) to quantify the living standard dimension, decomposition of MPI across the dimensions and the indicators, and estimates of multidimensional poverty at the sub-national level.
Results indicate that 43% of India’s population are multidimensional poor with large regional variations. The average intensity of poverty was 45.5% with a MPI value of 19.3. Six states in India—Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and West Bengal who have a share of 45% of the total population—account for 58% of the multidimensional poor. Across regions, more than 70% of the population are multidimensional poor in the southern region of Chhattisgarh and the Ranchi plateau, while they comprise less than 10% in the regions of Manipur, Mizoram and Chandigarh. The economic poor have a weak association with health and household environment dimensions. The decomposition of MPI indicates that the economic dimension accounts for 22%, the health dimension accounts for 36%, the education dimension accounts for 11% and the household environment accounts for 31% of the deprivation. Based on these analyses, the authors suggest target based interventions in the poor regions to reduce poverty and inequality in India.
Meduloblastoma: aspectos histológicos, moleculares e imunopatológicos
Authors: Clebis Victor Hugo , Pinheiro Karina Maturana , Martins Andressa Busetti , Feltran Danilo Koiti Matsuda , Harano Raquel Mitie , Ozawa Patricia Midori Murobushi , Ariza Carolina Batista , Oliveira Gabriela Gonçalves de , Watanabe Maria Angelica Ehara 
Published: November 2015

O meduloblastoma é um tumor cerebelar caracterizado como tumor neuroectodérmico primitivo prevalente em crianças, sendo as do sexo masculinos as mais afetadas. Com relação à classificação histológica, existem cinco variações: clássico, desmoplásico, anaplásico, células gigantes e de extensa nodularidade. Muitos estudos relatam que a patogênese do meduloblastoma está relacionada com mutações em fatores de crescimento do SNC, sendo que as principais vias envolvidas são: Sonic Hedgehog, NOTCH, WNT e OTX. Ainda, com respeito à imunologia, pacientes com meduloblastoma apresentaram alta taxa de IFN-y no soro e células T<sub>H</sub>17 no sangue periférico, e foi observado que o TGF-B tem sido associado à estimulação mitogênica, o que pode estar relacionado à patogênese da doença. A predominância de uma resposta T<sub>H</sub>1 relacionada à sobrevivência também foi relatada. O desenvolvimento terapêutico para o meduloblastoma, apesar de limitado, é significativo, uma vez que este vem apresentando melhora na sobrevida de seus pacientes. Entretanto, um maior conhecimento dos mecanismos envolvidos na imunopatogênese é necessário para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos e formas de tratamento.
De regisserende zaaksrechter: de regierol van de rechter volgens KEI
Authors: den Tonkelaar J.D.A. 
Published: November 2015

De regisserende zaaksrechter: de regierol van de rechter volgens KEI
Wat wetsvoorstel 34059 bedoelt met de regierol van de rechter werkt door bij het opstellen van procesreglementen en het doordenken van werkprocessen zoals dat nu in het project KEI gebeurt. De opvatting over de regierol die het wetsvoorstel uitdraagt, plaatst de zaaksrechter, die zo vroeg als mogelijk is bij de behandeling van de zaak wordt betrokken, op de voorgrond. Dit eist een andere aanpak van zaken dan tot nu toe bij veel gerechten gebruikelijk is.
Het EVRM, Unierecht en de nationale rechter
Authors: Silvis J. 
Published: November 2015

Het EVRM, Unierecht en de nationale rechter
In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op de dialoog tussen nationale gerechten en het EHRM en op die tussen het EHRM en het Hof van Justitie. Voor de dialoog tussen de hoogste nationale gerechten en het EHRM is het optioneel Protocol 16 bij het EVRM van grote betekenis. De toetreding van de EU tot de mensenrechtenconventie staat onder druk, aangezien het Hof van Justitie in opinie 2/13 een reeks zwaarwegende problemen heeft gesignaleerd en negatief heeft geadviseerd op een concept-toetredingsakkoord.
De hoogste nationale rechter en de Europese hoven
Authors: Loth M.A. 
Published: November 2015

De hoogste nationale rechter en de Europese hoven. Naar een systeem van checks-and-balances tússen gerechten?
Deze bijdrage is gewijd aan de verhoudingen tussen de hoogste nationale rechters, het HvJ EU en het EHRM. Enerzijds behouden diverse hoogste nationale rechters zich de mogelijkheid van het laatste woord voor, zonder daarvan daadwerkelijk gebruik te maken. Anderzijds heeft het HvJ EU de mogelijkheid erkend van lidstaataansprakelijkheid voor een gekwalificeerde schending van het Unierecht als een afbakening van het speelveld, niet als een remedie voor rechtszoekenden. Ook de verhouding tussen het HvJ EU en het EHRM is nog niet uitgekristalliseerd. De gesignaleerde verschuivingen kunnen het beste worden begrepen als onderdeel van een systeem van checks-and-balances tússen de betrokken gerechten.
Analyse de besoins sur l’utilisation des outils Web 2.0 : éléments essentiels pour la communication dans les équipes de recherche universitaire
Authors: Lepage Mario , Sauvé Louise , Plante Patrick , Renaud Lise 
Published: November 2015

Les outils Web 2.0 peuvent répondre aux besoins des équipes de recherche voulant maximiser la circulation de l’information et la collaboration. Cet article présente les résultats de l’analyse de besoins, première étape de cette étude de recherche et développement. Après avoir cerné un corpus d’outils Web 2.0, un questionnaire a été envoyé auprès d’un échantillon de 172 sujets. Nous constatons que la distinction entre les différents segments des répondants est faible et qu’ils utilisent plusieurs des outils de communication, de gestion et de réseautage – mais beaucoup moins les outils d’organisation/structuration de la formation et/ou de l’information – et les outils de captation. Les sujets souhaitent recevoir de l’information sur les outils Web 2.0 et préfèrent une formation en ligne de type autonome.
Finite-difference time-domain analysis of electromagnetic wave propagation in corrugated waveguide: Effect of miter bend/polarizer miter bend
Authors: Fujita Yoshihisa , Ikuno Soichiro , Kubo Shin , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The effect of the polarizer miter bend (PMB) reflector on polarization is numerically investigated by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The Drude model is implemented to take into account the fact that the waveguide wall is prepared from a dispersive medium. In electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH), the corrugated waveguide and miter bend are adopted for transmitting millimeter electromagnetic waves. In addition, PMB is employed to improve the plasma heating efficiency. The results of computations show that modes other than the input mode are also generated owing to the reflection at the miter bend mirror/PMB reflector. Moreover, it is found that elliptical polarization is observed after the linear polarization passes through PMB.
Current nutrition promotion, beliefs and barriers among cancer nurses in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Puhringer Petra G. , Olsen Alicia , Climstein Mike , Sargeant Sally , Jones Lynnette M. , Keogh Justin W.L. 
Published: November 2015

Rationale.Many cancer patients and survivors do not meet nutritional and physical activity guidelines, thus healthier eating and greater levels of physical activity could have considerable benefits for these individuals. While research has investigated cancer survivors’ perspective on their challenges in meeting the nutrition and physical guidelines, little research has examined how health professionals may assist their patients meet these guidelines. Cancer nurses are ideally placed to promote healthy behaviours to their patients, especially if access to dieticians or dietary resources is limited. However, little is known about cancer nurses’ healthy eating promotion practices to their patients. The primary aim of this study was to examine current healthy eating promotion practices, beliefs and barriers of cancer nurses in Australia and New Zealand. A secondary aim was to gain insight into whether these practices, beliefs and barriers were influenced by the nurses’ hospital or years of work experience.Patients and Methods.An online questionnaire was used to obtain data. Sub-group cancer nurse comparisons were performed on hospital location (metropolitan vs regional and rural) and years of experience (<25 or ≥25 years) using ANOVA and chi square analysis for continuous and categorical data respectively.Results.A total of 123 Australasian cancer nurses responded to the survey. Cancer nurses believed they were often the major provider of nutritional advice to their cancer patients (32.5%), a value marginally less than dieticians (35.9%) but substantially higher than oncologists (3.3%). The majority promoted healthy eating prior (62.6%), during (74.8%) and post treatment (64.2%). Most cancer nurses felt that healthy eating had positive effects on the cancer patients’ quality of life (85.4%), weight management (82.9%), mental health (80.5%), activities of daily living (79.7%) and risk of other chronic diseases (79.7%), although only 75.5% agreed or strongly agreed that this is due to a strong evidence base. Lack of time (25.8%), adequate support structures (17.3%) nutrition expertise (12.2%) were cited by the cancer nurses as the most common barriers to promoting healthy eating to their patients. Comparisons based on their hospital location and years of experience, revealed very few significant differences, indicating that cancer nurses’ healthy eating promotion practices, beliefs and barriers were largely unaffected by hospital location or years of experience.Conclusion.Australasian cancer nurses have favourable attitudes towards promoting healthy eating to their cancer patients across multiple treatment stages and believe that healthy eating has many benefits for their patients. Unfortunately, several barriers to healthy eating promotion were reported. If these barriers can be overcome, nurses may be able to work more effectively with dieticians to improve the outcomes for cancer patients.
Marine biological production from in situ oxygen measurements on a profiling float in the subarctic Pacific Ocean
Authors: Bushinsky Seth M. , Emerson Steven 
Published: November 2015

AbstractEvaluating the organic carbon flux from the surface ocean to the interior (the marine biological pump) is essential for predictions of ocean carbon cycle feedback to climate change. One approach for determining these fluxes is to measure the concentration of oxygen in the upper ocean over a seasonal cycle, calculate the net O2 flux using an upper ocean model, and then use a stoichiometric relationship between oxygen evolved and organic carbon produced. Applying this tracer in a variety of ocean areas over seasonal cycles requires accurate O2 measurements on autonomous vehicles. Here we demonstrate this approach using an O2 sensor on a profiling float that is periodically calibrated against atmospheric pO2. Using accurate data and a model that includes all physical and biological processes influencing oxygen, we determine an annual net community production of 0.7 ± 0.5 mol C m−2 yr−1 in the northeast Pacific Ocean (50°N, 145°W) from June 2012 to June 2013. There is a strong seasonal cycle in net biological oxygen production with wintertime fluxes caused by bubble processes critical to determining the annual flux. Approximately 50% of net autotrophic production during summer months is consumed by net respiration during the winter. The result is a biological pump in the subarctic Pacific Ocean that is less than that determined by similar methods in the subtropics to the south. This estimate is significantly lower than that predicted by satellite remote sensing and global circulation models.
A direct link between chorus emissions and pulsating aurora on timescales from milliseconds to minutes: A case study at subauroral latitudes
Authors: Ozaki Mitsunori , Yagitani Satoshi , Sawai Kaoru , Shiokawa Kazuo , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Kataoka Ryuho , Ieda Akimasa , Ebihara Yusuke , Connors Martin , Schofield Ian , Katoh Yuto , Otsuka Yuichi , Sunagawa Naoki , Jordanova Vania K. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA correlation was observed between chorus emissions and pulsating aurora (PA) from observations at Athabasca (L≈4.3) in Canada at 9:00–9:20 UT on 7 February 2013, using an electron multiplying charge‐coupled device camera and a VLF loop antenna with sampling rates of 110 Hz and 100 kHz, respectively. Pulsating aurora having a quasiperiodic variation in luminosity and a few hertz modulation was observed together with chorus emissions consisting of a group of successive rising‐tone elements. The repetition period and modulation frequency of the PA are in good agreement with those of the modulated chorus. After 9:11 UT, the temporal features of the aurora became aperiodic PA of indistinct modulation. Simultaneously, the rising‐tone chorus turned into chorus emissions consisting of numerous rising‐tone elements. The equatorial geomagnetic field inhomogeneity calculated using the Tsyganenko 2002 model shows a decreasing trend during the period. This result is consistent with nonlinear wave growth theory having a small geomagnetic field inhomogeneity, which contributes to a decrease in the threshold amplitude to trigger discrete chorus elements. These observations show a close connection between chorus emissions and PA on timescales from milliseconds for generation of discrete chorus elements on the microphysics of wave‐particle interaction to minutes for the variations of the geomagnetic field inhomogeneity related with the substorm activity.
Application of Slepian theory for improving the accuracy of SH‐based global ionosphere models in the Arctic region
Authors: Etemadfard Hossein , Mashhadi Hossainali Masoud 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDue to significant energy resources in polar regions, they have emerged as strategic parts of the world. Consequently, various researches have been funded in order to study these areas in further details. This research intends to improve the accuracy of spherical harmonic (SH)‐based Global Ionospheric Models (GIMs) by reconstructing a new map of ionosphere in the Arctic region. For this purpose, the spatiospectral concentration is applied to optimize the base functions. It is carried out using the Slepian theory which was developed by Simons. Here the new base functions and the corresponding coefficients are derived from the SH models for the polar regions. Then, VTEC (vertical total electron content) is reconstructed using Slepian functions and the new coefficients. Reconstructed VTECs and the VTECs derived from SH models are compared to the estimates of this parameter, which are directly derived from dual‐frequency GPS measurements. Three International Global Navigation Satellite Systems Service stations located in the northern polar region have been used for this purpose. The starting and ending day of year of adopted GPS data are 69 and 83, respectively, (totally 15 successive days) of the year 2013. According to the obtained results, on average, application of Slepian theory can improve accuracy of the GIM by 1 to 2 total electron content unit (TECU) (1 TECU = 1016 el m−2) in the Arctic region.
Doppler effects on periodicities in Saturn's magnetosphere
Authors: Carbary J. F. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe magnetosphere of Saturn exhibits a wide variety of periodic phenomena in magnetic fields, charged particles, and radio emissions. The periodicities are observed from a moving spacecraft, so an issue arises about the periodicities being influenced by the Doppler effects. Doppler effects can be investigated using models of the periodicities and then flying the spacecraft through the model, effectively measuring any Doppler phenomena with the simulation. Using 200 days of typical elliptical orbits from the Cassini mission at Saturn, three models were tested: an azimuthal wave (or “searchlight”) model, a radial wave (or “pond ripple”) model, and a model of an outwardly traveling spiral wave. The azimuthal wave model produced virtually no Doppler effects in the periodicities because its wave vector is nearly perpendicular to the spacecraft trajectory. The radial wave model generated strong Doppler effects of an upshifted and a downshifted signal (a dual period) on either side of the true period, because the wave vector is either parallel or antiparallel to the spacecraft trajectory. Being intermediate to the searchlight and radial waves, the spiral wave produced Doppler effects but only for low wave speeds (<10 RS/h). For higher wave speeds the Doppler effects were not as clear. The Doppler effects can be mitigated by employing only observations beyond ~15 RS where the spacecraft speed is low compared to the wave speed. The observed periodicities over the same 200 day interval do not show evidence of Doppler effects but generally display a single feature at the expected ~10.7 h period.
Link Between Foot Pain Severity and Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Awale Arunima , Dufour Alyssa B. , Katz Patricia , Menz Hylton B. , Hannan Marian T. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveAssociations between pain and depression are well known, yet foot pain, common in populations, has been understudied. This cross‐sectional study examined foot pain and severity of foot pain with depressive symptoms in adults.MethodsFramingham Foot Study (2002–2008) participants completed questionnaires that included questions about foot pain (yes/no; none, mild, moderate, or severe pain) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (scores ≥16 indicated depressive symptoms). Age and body mass index (BMI) were also assessed. Sex‐specific logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for associations of foot pain with depressive symptoms, adjusting for age and BMI. In a subset, further models adjusted for leg pain, back pain, or other joint pain.ResultsOf 1,464 men and 1,857 women, the mean ± SD age was 66 ± 10 years. Depressive symptoms were reported in 21% of men and 27% of women. Compared to those with no foot pain and independent of age and BMI, both men and women with moderate foot pain had approximately a 2‐fold increased odds of depressive symptoms (men with severe foot pain OR of 4 [95% CI 2.26–8.48], women with severe foot pain OR of 3 [95% CI 2.02–4.68]). Considering other pain regions attenuated ORs, but the pattern of results remained unchanged.ConclusionEven after we adjusted for age, BMI, and other regions of pain, those reporting worse foot pain were more likely to report depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that foot pain may be a part of a broader pain spectrum, with an impact beyond localized pain and discomfort.
Safety of Abatacept in Rheumatoid Arthritis With Serologic Evidence of Past or Present Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Authors: Padovan Melissa , Filippini Matteo , Tincani Angela , Lanciano Elisabetta , Bruschi Eleonora , Epis Oscar , Garau Pietro , Mathieu Alessandro , Celletti Eleonora , Giani Leopoldo , Tomietto Paola , Atzeni Fabiola , Sarzi Puttini Piercarlo , Zuliani Francesca , De Vita Salvatore , Trotta Francesco , Grilli Anastasio , Puoti Massimo , Govoni Marcello 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) with concomitant hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection represents a therapeutic challenge due to the risk of HBV reactivation under immunosuppressive treatment. To date there are few data coming from anecdotal case reports that concern HBV reactivation following treatment with abatacept. This observational retrospective study was aimed to assess the safety profile of abatacept in this particular clinical setting.MethodsEleven Italian rheumatologic centers provided data from patients with RA and positive HBV serology treated with intravenous abatacept. HBV markers and clinical and laboratory data were checked at followup visits every 3 months.ResultsIn total, 72 patients were included in the study: 47 inactive carriers, 21 occult carriers, and 4 chronic active carriers for HBV. At baseline all of the patients had normal liver function tests and low or undetectable HBV DNA levels, except for those with chronic active hepatitis. Thirteen patients received prophylaxis with lamivudine, and 4 received treatment with adefovir or tenofovir. At the end of the 24‐month followup period, 49 patients were being treated. Data from 316 followup visits showed that abatacept was safe. No patients experienced reactivation of hepatitis B. Treatment withdrawals (23 patients) were due to lack of efficacy, subject decision/lost at followup, or adverse events not related to HBV infection.ConclusionOur study provides reassuring data about the safety profile of abatacept in RA with concomitant HBV infection without universal antiviral prophylaxis. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
Structure of the Dioxygenase AsqJ: Mechanistic Insights into a One‐Pot Multistep Quinolone Antibiotic Biosynthesis
Authors: Bräuer Alois , Beck Philipp , Hintermann Lukas , Groll Michael 
Published: November 2015

AbstractMultienzymatic cascades are responsible for the biosynthesis of natural products and represent a source of inspiration for synthetic chemists. The FeII/α‐ketoglutarate‐dependent dioxygenase AsqJ from Aspergillus nidulans is outstanding because it stereoselectively catalyzes both a ferryl‐induced desaturation reaction and epoxidation on a benzodiazepinedione. Interestingly, the enzymatically formed spiro epoxide spring‐loads the 6,7‐bicyclic skeleton for non‐enzymatic rearrangement into the 6,6‐bicyclic scaffold of the quinolone alkaloid 4′‐methoxyviridicatin. Herein, we report different crystal structures of the protein in the absence and presence of synthesized substrates, surrogates, and intermediates that mimic the various stages of the reaction cycle of this exceptional dioxygenase.