bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Microscope to AI: Developing an Integrated Diagnostic System with Real-Time Object Detection for Endometrial Cytology
Authors: Terasaki Mika , Tanaka Shun , Shimokawa Ichito , Toda Etsuko , Takakuma Shoichiro , Tabata Ryo , Sakae Kensuke , Kajimoto Yusuke , Kunugi Shinobu , Shimizu Akira , Terasaki Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Endometrial cytology is essential in detecting and diagnosing endometrial cancer, a prevalent gynecological malignancy. However, diagnosis proves intricate and time-intensive due to hormone-induced morphological changes in cells and cell cluster thickness. While recent artificial intelligence (AI)-supported cytodiagnosis systems rely on whole-slide imaging (WSI), focusing issues caused by cell cluster thickness hinder endometrial cytological slide digitalization. Despite the high demand for these systems, progress in endometrial cytodiagnosis has been slow. This study utilizes You Only Look Once (YOLOv5x) under a microscope to detect abnormal cell clusters in real-time without the need for WSI. We analyzed 146 preoperative endometrial cytology cases collected at Nippon Medical School between 2017 and 2023, confirmed by hysterectomy specimens. And we trained YOLOv5x using 3,151 images captured with a smartphone from 96 cytology slides. For real-time detection, images were captured via a microscope-mounted charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and processed by YOLOv5x. For real-time abnormal evaluation, thresholds for cell cluster and slide levels were adjusted using 30 new cases. The AI model's diagnoses for 20 new cases were compared with those made by pathologists and medical students with varying experience levels. The AI model outperformed human evaluators, achieving accuracy, precision, and recall of 85%, 82%, and 90%, respectively. Additionally, AI-assisted diagnosis shortened the median evaluation time from 4,458 to 2,460 seconds, equivalent to a reduction of 44.82%. Although diagnosis accuracy of inexperienced medical students did not significantly improve, notable enhancements in recall were achieved among pathologists and AI-trained students, particularly those familiar with the AI system. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the proposed AI system significantly hastens detection of abnormal cell clusters while seamlessly integrating into existing workflows without the need for expensive specialized equipment, which makes it particularly suitable for resource-constrained settings.
Comparison of two degraded lower Gangetic floodplain wetlands in India: assessing the effects of management practice on SIF diversity
Authors: Das Basanta Kumar , Debnath Sanjeet , Dutta Snigdhodeb , Lianthuamluaia Lianthuamluaia , Karnatak Gunjan , Mondal Kausik , Chakraborty Sangeeta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The ecological status and the challenges faced by two floodplain wetlands, Chamta and Sindrani, located in the lower Gangetic eco-climatic region, were investigated. These wetlands are currently dealing with several problems, such as unscientific management of the fisheries, overfishing, obstruction in the connectivity barriers with the parent river, encroachment and depth reduction. The productivity of both Chamta and Sindrani wetlands was limited by floating, emergent, submerged and marginal vegetation. In the monsoon season, Shannon-Weiner index (1.289 and 1.245), Simpson index (0.933 and 0.929) and McIntosh index (0.752 and 0.746) concerning SIF were calculated for both the wetlands. The obtained SimJ and SimS values were 0.91 and 0.95, respectively, which means that both ecosystems were not fully similar in terms of fish species. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed seasonal variation in the fish species caught was driven by environmental factors such as hardness (116.66-167.25ppm), dissolved oxygen (07.00-08.62 mg/l), conductivity (398.83-504.07 µS/cm), surface water temperature (32.32–34.43°C) and pH (07.14–08.05). The average annual production of SIFs from Chamta and Sindrani was calculated as 7215.75 kg and 13394 kg, respectively. Generalized Linear Model (GLM) analysis reveals that high-quality, sustainable, and planned management practices focusing on wetland fisheries can positively contribute to better fish species diversity in Sindrani. Particularly, species and habitat conservation efforts of Sindrani wetlands were found to be the manifestation of better fish diversity in the concerned wetlands. Our study recommends biological control of macrophytes, ensuring connectivity with adjacent rivers, scientific stocking programs and application of indigenous conservation technologies for better wetland ecosystem health; the following enhanced production will also aid in the nutritional and livelihood security of the dependent fishers.
Type 1 innate lymphoid cell–immature neutrophil axis suppresses acute tissue inflammation
Authors: Shibuya Akira , Matsuda Kenshiro , Iijima Ayana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Immature neutrophils (imNeu) are a minor population of circulating neutrophils that migrate from the bone marrow (BM) into the circulation and inflamed tissues during infection, injury, physical stress, and cancer1–6. However, the underlying mechanism of their mobilization from BM and its pathophysiological significance remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) derived from type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) enhanced the migration of imNeu, but not mature neutrophils, from the BM into inflamed liver tissue with ischemia–reperfusion injury and the blood circulation during polymicrobial sepsis in mice. Mechanistically, the scaffold protein Ahnak, which is specifically expressed in imNeu, underpins Smad7 nuclear translocation in response to IFN-γ, thus downregulating C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 expression critical for neutrophil retention in the BM. Furthermore, imNeu produce interleukin-10 to ameliorate tissue inflammation. Our findings reveal the ILC1–imNeu axis that protects tissues from acute inflammation due to injury or microbial infection.
Diaphragmatic hernia after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kitsou Konstantina Soultana , Kaplanis Charalampos , Prentza Sofia Konstantina , Bakola Maria , Jelastopulu Eleni , Maroulis Ioannis , Tsachiridi Maria 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The study aims to examine the current literature on the surgical management and outcomes associated with POHH (post-operative hiatal hernia) and to present a case of POHH after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy, to enrich our knowledge on this specific field.
Case presentation: A 57-year-old man who underwent neoadjuvant RT-CT and subsequent Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy underwent urgent laparotomy. The operation revealed a strangulated necrotic small bowel inside the diaphragmatic hernia sac and part of the descending colon without ischemia. A total of 40 cm of small bowel was removed. The diaphragmatic defect was repaired with interrupted sutures. The immediate postoperative course was uneventful.
Conclusion: POHH is a major surgical complication after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy due to EC (Esophageal cancer), requiring surgical repair. Despite advancements in surgical techniques, diaphragmatic hernia remains a challenging postoperative issue. Since surgery is the only available approach for the treatment of diaphragmatic hernia containing a strangulated abdominal organ, early diagnosis is crucial. Due to a high rate of emergency surgery with life-threatening complications, early surgical repair may be indicated rather than watchful waiting.
Exploring the antioxidant potential of a notorious weed using a microwave-based transformation to gold nanoparticles: The case of Mikania micrantha
Authors: Das Sinchan , Dwivedi Apoorva , Tiwari Vaishali , Yadav Varsha , Satpathy Swaha , Mohapatra Debadatta , Sahu Alakh N , Kazi Mohsin , Hussain Muhammad Delwar , Goyal Manoj , Mukherjee Souvik , Khan Altamash , Mandal Vivekananda , Patra Arjun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We used a notorious weed, Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae), to developed and optimize a microwave-assisted quick, single-step, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and safe approach for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to investigate its antioxidant potential.
Methods
M. micrantha AuNPs (MMAuNPs) were produced in 75 seconds under microwave irradiation. The UV-Vis spectroscopy, SEM, HR-TEM, SAED, EDX, FTIR, XRD, and DLS analysis was used to describe the AuNPs. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays showed antioxidant activity. Anticancer potential was assessed by MTT assay against breast cancer cells. Swiss albino mice were tested for BBB impact by actophotometer and tail immersion.
Results
The synthesis of MMAuNPs was confirmed by a characteristic ruby red coloration and surface plasmon resonance peak at 534 nm. The MMAuNPs are predominantly spherical in shape, small (107.82 nm), and crystalline in nature. The antioxidant properties of the MMAuNPs were found to be better than M. micrantha aqueous extract. MMAuNPs showed anticancer potential with IC50 values of 157.1 and 174.2 µg/mL against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, respectively. MMAuNPs did not show a significant response of locomotor count and antinociceptive activity.
Conclusion
Natural creations always have a purpose, and even the most renowned weeds have something worthwhile to impart on society. The results may provide unforeseen opportunities in terms of maximizing trash usage. Nevertheless, more investigation is necessary to evaluate the in vivo effects of MMAuNPs prior to their widespread use in the field of medicine, whether as independent therapies, antioxidant, or anticancer substances, or as drug carriers.
Mechanism of oligosaccharides on nitrogen and ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities in aerobic composting processes
Authors: Duan Manli , Li Mingxiu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To explore the effects of oligosaccharides on nitrogen and ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities during aerobic composting of cattle manure and straw, this study conducted composting experiments with four concentrations of oligosaccharides: 0.1% (M0.1), 0.5% (M0.5), 1.0% (M1), and 2.0% (M2), along with a control group (CK). The results indicated that different concentrations of oligosaccharides increased the peak temperatures during the thermophilic phase of composting to above 60°C, higher than that of the CK (57.4°C), while ensuring that all treatments met the requirements for harmless disposal. Particularly, the GI value of the 0.5% oligosaccharide treatment reached 109.3%, demonstrating excellent treatment efficacy. The 0.5% oligosaccharide treatment significantly increased the NO3-N content in compost (P < 0.05), thereby enhancing nitrogen content. AOB amoA functional gene detection identified two dominant ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira, with Nitrosomonas primarily present in the 0.5% oligosaccharide treatment, playing a crucial role in ammonia nitrogen fixation. SEM analysis showed a significant positive correlation between AOB amoA genes and NO3-N in the 0.5% oligosaccharide treatment, indicating effective promotion of nitrogen conversion by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the compost. In conclusion, the addition of 0.5% oligosaccharides can increase the dominance of AOB genera, enhance nitrogen transformation during composting, provide more available nitrogen sources for crops, and thereby improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency.
Enhanced soil carbon storage by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a long-term nutrient management under soybean-based cropping system
Authors: Agnihotri Richa , Pandey Ashu , Sharma Mahaveer P , Prakash Anil , Ramesh Aketi , Maheshwari Hemant Singh , Verma Rakesh Kumar , Nargund Raghvendra , Billore Sunil Datt 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To ensure the sustainability of crop production and ecosystem functioning, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms governing soil carbon (C) -sequestration and soil health is essential. This study examined the effects of three nutrient management practices (organic, inorganic, and integrated and two cropping systems (soybean-wheat and soybean-chickpea), on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soil C-sequestration in a long-term (12 years) field experiment. We measured the stocks of soil organic carbon, total-glomalin-related soil protein, pertinent soil quality parameters such as microbial biomass carbon, β-glucosidase activity along with AMF biomass [microscopic parameters and 16:1ω5cis phospholipid fatty acid (AM. PLFA) and neutral lipid fatty acid (AM. NLFA)]. It was observed that the measures of AMF biomass were positively correlated with the soil organic carbon stocks, total-glomalin related soil protein stocks, and soil quality parameters. Organic practice recorded significantly higher AMF spores, mycorrhizal colonization percentage, AM. PLFA (2.58 nmoles g− 1 soil), AM. NLFA (7.95 nmoles g− 1 soil), soil organic carbon stocks (15.78 Mg ha− 1), total-glomalin related soil protein stocks (2.10 Mg ha− 1), and soil quality parameters such as microbial biomass carbon, β-glucosidase activity than inorganic and integrated practices. In comparison to soybean-chickpea, C-sequestration was higher in soybean-wheat. Principal component analysis validated the said results and differentiated soybean-wheat under organic practice from the rest of the treatments. In conclusion, our results suggest that organic management in conjunction with soybean-wheat crop rotation enhances AMF and can be recommended for improving soil quality and C sequestration without compromising crop yield.
Enhancing Photopolymerization and Modeling Kinetic Degradation in Dental Composites
Authors: Boyron Olivier , Latoui Rayenne , Belhani Mohamed Affif , Bouzid Djallel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study aims to optimize the photopolymerization process of a dental composite in order to increase the degree of conversion and reduce the release of unpolymerized monomers. In addition, it seeks to understand the kinetics of composite degradation under various oral environmental conditions. Optimization of the photopolymerization process is carried out using a Box-Behnken design, exploring factors such as irradiation time, intensity and distance. Infrared spectroscopy is used to evaluate photopolymerization parameters. Release of unpolymerized monomers is quantified using liquid chromatography at different pH levels, incubation media and time. Thermogravimetric analysis is used to study thermal degradation and establish a kinetic model. Optimized conditions for photopolymerization, determined as an irradiation time of 40 seconds, an intensity of 1500 mW cm− 2, and a distance of 5 mm, lead to a degree of conversion of 61%, reducing the presence of unpolymerized monomers. Chromatographic analysis reveals a pH-dependent release of monomers, with acid saliva showing the highest release. Thermal analysis indicates variable activation energy values depending on ageing conditions, underlining the importance of optimal conversion for increased material strength. This study offers a comprehensive approach to improving the properties of dental resins, providing optimized conditions for light-curing that increase material strength.
Multifunctional dysprosium iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and properties
Authors: Gul Gulsah Celik , Beyaz Seda 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a fast and cost-effective synthesis method for obtaining nano scaled multifunctional dysprosium iron oxide. The effects of reaction time and stirring rate on the compound's chemical and physical properties are investigated as synthesis parameters. The structural, morphological, thermal, magnetic, and optical characterizations of the compound are extensively investigated by current universal instruments. It was found in an orthorhombic system as DyFeO3 (ICSD = 98-028-0091). Their particle sizes were calculated as 7–10 nm by transmitting electron microscopy. Vibration sample magnetometer was used to obtain M-H curves that showed superparamagnetic properties in low magnetic fields. The band gap value was calculated 3.6 eV for the sample preparing at 30 min by McClean analysis using reflectance graphics. The fluorescence spectroscopy indicated a sharp transition at 4F9/2→ 6H13/2 which confirms the Dy3+ ion acting as luminescence center. Additionally, the nanoparticles exhibited a remarkably high microbial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. These comprehensive characterizations contribute to a better understanding of the synthesized nanomaterials and its use of their biomedical potential applications.
Establishment an Indirect ELISA Detection Method for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus NSP4
Authors: Sha Huiyang , Li Gan , Zheng Yajie , Luo Qin , Zhao Mengmeng , Pang Jiankun , Zhang keshan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) possesses 3C-like serine protease (3CLSP) activity, which can influence PRRSV replication, suppress host IFN-β production, induce host cell apoptosis, and play a crucial role in PRRSV detections. Wild or attenuated vaccine strains will produce antibodies against non-structural proteins, while inactivated vaccines will not produce antibodies against non-structural proteins. The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbnent Assay (ELISA) method for non-structural proteins can distinguish immunity effect of inactivated vaccine from wild strain or attenuated vaccine strains. Antibodies induced by NSP4 can effectively serve as indicators of infections caused by the wild-type virus. In the present study, the NSP4 protein from the PRRSV XH-GD strain (GenBank No. EU624117.1) was cloned, expressed, and used as a coating protein to establish an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection method. The specificity, repeatability, sensitivity, and agreement rates with those of commercial ELISA kits were compared in this study.
Results
The developed NSP4 indirect ELISA method displayed excellent specificity, repeatability, and sensitivity, with an impressive agreement rate of 91.74% with the PRRSV IDEXX ELISA kit.
Conclusion
The indirect ELISA method for PRRSV NSP4 was successfully constructed., Utilizing the PRRSV NSP4s to establish an ELISA antibody detection method was a more conducive for sustained antibody monitoring in pig farms over time Therefore, the establishment of an NSP4 indirect ELISA detection method provides technical support for the detection of PRRSV antibodies. The coincidence rate between this method and commercial kit is high, which lays a foundation for distinguishing inactivated vaccine from attenuated vaccine.
Design and synthesis of multilevel structured Co3O4 double-shell dodecahedron as non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for H2O2 detection
Authors: Zhang Zhixuan , Liang Zhiqi , Huang Meishi , Shen Dong , Hu Zufei , Yang Yang , Wu Zhouling 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In this work, we used ZIF-67 as a template to prepare multilevel structured Co3O4 with a high surface area. The synthesized materials were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and N2 physisorption.The double-shell dodecahedron multileve structure of Co3O4 (DS Co3O4) was found to have the most favorable morphology and largest specific surface area, and was demonstrated to be an effective electrochemical non-enzymatic H2O2 sensor. The efficiency is due to the unique multilevel structure of DS Co3O4, providing abundant active sites for H2O2 oxidation. The sensor showed a fast response time of 5 s, a high sensitivity of 1168.9 µA·mM− 1cm− 2 and a detection limit of 0.048 µM (S/N = 3) in the linear range 0.0005–10 mM, significantly better than other reported high performance Co3O4-based H2O2 sensors. The as-fabricated DS Co3O4/RDE materials are promising sensors for H2O2 due to their excellent sensitivity, selectivity and long-term stability.
Synthesis of a (Pbx, Fey, Cz) Oe matrix composite
Authors: PEI Xinjun , CHENG Ge , Li Aina , Lin Yizhen , LIU Wenbin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A (Pbx, Fey, Cz) Oe matrix composite was synthesized by mixing the powders of pure lead (Pb), pure iron (Fe), graphite (C) and pure nickel (Ni) under atmospheric pressure at a maximum temperature of 1530℃.The mixture of pure lead, pure iron, graphite and pure nickel can be used as a new kind of brazing materials for alumina ceramics. The phase composition, cross-sectional microstructure, hardness, ferromagnetism and insulating properties of the (Pbx, Fey, Cz) Oe matrix composite were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), optical microscope, Vickers hardness tester, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a permanent magnet and a multimeter. The (Pbx, Fey, Cz) Oe matrix composite exhibits favorable wettability with the alumina ceramic and is bounded to the alumina ceramic through an interface and is composed of the (Pbx, Fey, Cz) Oe matrix composite, PbO and Fe3O4. The (Pbx, Fey, Cz) Oe matrix composite belongs to ferromagnetism and insulating material with 301Hv.
Advantages of the Split-leg Supine position Single-port plus one laparoscopic Surgery Approach
Authors: Xin Wang , Yongkui Yu , Zimin Qin , Lei Xu , Haojie Wang , Jinyi Xie , Yiju Wu , Zihou Xu , Peinan Chen , Qi Liu , Haomiao Li , Zongfei Wang , Yongfeng Chen , Fanyu Meng , Wenqun Xing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The goal of this study was to compare the advantages of CLS and SSP SILS+1 in esophageal surgery.
Methods: This study enrolled 73 patients who previously underwent radical esophagectomy for esophageal cancer from August 2021 to February 2023. Among them, 36 patients underwent SSP SILS+1, whereas the remaining 37 patients underwent conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS). Surgical time, bleeding volume, number of dissected lymph nodes, incision length, and postoperative abdominal pain score between the two groups of patients were compared using either the Student's t-test or chi-square test.
Results: Time of abdominal incision (1.4±0.2 min vs. 5.2±0.7 min，p<0.001) and bleeding volume (7.0±3.0 mL vs. 8.0±4.0mL，p<0.001) were significantly lower in patients in the SSP SILS+1 group compared with those in the CLS group. However, the average incision length was shorter in the SSP SILS+1 group compared with that in the CLS group (35.4±4.0 cm vs 4.6±4.1 cm, p<0.001). Notably, the pain score on postoperative day (POD) 1 was significantly lower in the SSP SILS+1 group compared with that in the CLS group (5.7±0.7 vs.6.3±0.7，p=0.001). The SCAR score was alsovsignificantly lower in the SSP SILS+1 group compared with that in the CLS group (3.5±0.9 vs 8.3±1.4, p=0.019). There was no significant difference in the number of dissected abdominal lymph nodes and positive lymph nodes (p>0.01) between the two groups.
Conclusion: The SSP SILS+1 intervention offers multiple benefits over conventional surgical procedures, encompassing shorter incision length and pain scores on POD 1. In accelerated rehabilitation surgery for esophageal cancer, this surgical procedure demonstrated high safety, feasibility.