bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimming over the oceans: Transient anthropogenic aerosol plumes in the twentieth century
Authors: Dallafior T. N. , Folini D. , Knutti R. , Wild M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAnthropogenic aerosols reduce incoming surface solar radiation (SSR), but the magnitude of this effect for reducing sea surface temperatures (SST) is still debated. Using simulations from the global climate model ECHAM5 with the Hamburg Aerosol Module and prescribed SSTs, we quantify anthropogenic aerosol dimming over sea surfaces by comparing ensembles, which only differ in anthropogenic aerosol emissions. We isolate the anthropogenic aerosol effect on SSR with sufficiently large ensemble sizes to provide statistically significant results. The following simulation results are obtained: Dimming plumes extend from their source regions with clear seasonality. The latter is predominantly shaped by atmospheric circulation, while interdecadal changes follow the gradual increase in anthropogenic aerosol emissions. Comparing the 1990s with the 1870s, on average, 9.4% (clear‐sky SSR) or 15.4% (all‐sky SSR) of the entire ocean surface was affected by anthropogenic aerosol dimming larger than −4 Wm−2 (decadal mean). Comparing the same time periods, global average anthropogenic dimming over oceans is −2.3 Wm−2 and −3.4 Wm−2 for clear‐sky and all‐sky SSR, respectively. Surface dimming is hemispherically asymmetrical with stronger Northern Hemispheric dimming by 2.3 Wm−2 and 4.5 Wm−2 for clear‐sky and all‐sky SSR, respectively. Zonal average clear‐sky dimming reaches its maximum (−5.5 Wm−2) near the equator. All‐sky dimming peaks at 40°N (−8 Wm−2) and is regionally larger than clear‐sky dimming. Regionally, surface dimming can reach values up to 9.5 Wm−2 (clear‐sky) and 25 Wm−2 (all‐sky). Results are a contribution toward better quantifying spatially heterogeneous and time‐dependent anthropogenic dimming effects on SSTs.
Hydraulic fracture energy budget: Insights from the laboratory
Authors: Goodfellow S. D. , Nasseri M. H. B. , Maxwell S. C. , Young R. P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper we present results from a series of laboratory hydraulic fracture experiments designed to investigate various components of the energy budget. The experiments involved a cylindrical sample of Westerly granite being deformed under various triaxial stress states and fractured with distilled water, which was injected at a range of constant rates. Acoustic emission sensors were absolutely calibrated, and the radiated seismic energy was estimated. The seismic energy was found to range from 7.02E−8% to 1.24E−4% of the injection energy which is consistent with a range of values for induced seismicity from field‐scale hydraulic fracture operations. The deformation energy (crack opening) of the sample during hydraulic fracture propagation was measured using displacement sensors and ranged from 18% to 94% of the injection energy. Our results support the conclusion that aseismic deformation is a significant term in the hydraulic fracture energy budget.
CTBT infrasound network performance to detect the 2013 Russian fireball event
Authors: Pilger Christoph , Ceranna Lars , Ross J. Ole , Le Pichon Alexis , Mialle Pierrick , Garcés Milton A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe explosive fragmentation of the 2013 Chelyabinsk meteorite generated a large airburst with an equivalent yield of 500 kT TNT. It is the most energetic event recorded by the infrasound component of the Comprehensive Nuclear‐Test‐Ban Treaty‐International Monitoring System (CTBT‐IMS), globally detected by 20 out of 42 operational stations. This study performs a station‐by‐station estimation of the IMS detection capability to explain infrasound detections and nondetections from short to long distances, using the Chelyabinsk meteorite as global reference event. Investigated parameters influencing the detection capability are the directivity of the line source signal, the ducting of acoustic energy, and the individual noise conditions at each station. Findings include a clear detection preference for stations perpendicular to the meteorite trajectory, even over large distances. Only a weak influence of stratospheric ducting is observed for this low‐frequency case. Furthermore, a strong dependence on the diurnal variability of background noise levels at each station is observed, favoring nocturnal detections.
An investigation study of gelatin release from semi‐interpenetrating polymeric network hydrogel patch for excision wound healing on Wistar rat model
Authors: Jaiswal Maneesh , Gupta Asheesh , Dinda Amit Kumar , Koul Veena 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTSemi‐interpenetrating polymeric network hydrogel patches are fabricated using poly(acrylamide) (PAm) and gelatin (G) in which poly(caprolactone) diacrylate is used as a crosslinker for PAm while gelatin is kept uncrosslinked. The healing efficiency of selected hydrogel dressing [PAm1G1(0.5)] is evaluated in comparison with control group (cotton gauze covered with 3M Tegaderm™). The sustained release of gelatin is found to extend from 4 to 15 days while maximum tensile strength stretched to 559 ± 12.5 kPa in PAm1G0.5 matrix, which reduced to 158 ± 6.1 kPa at higher gelatin content (PAm1G1.0). The higher wound contraction (34%), less inflammatory response, significant improvement (P < 0.05) in the collagen biosynthesis, and the granulation tissue formation are observed in PAm/G treated animals in comparison to control, as evidenced by quantitative enhancement of DNA (21%), hydroxyproline (28%), and hexosamine (41%). The histological examination of PAm/G hydrogel treated wound tissues shows enhanced re‐epithelialization on day 8 and 12 post‐wounding, in comparison to control group. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42120.
UVB‐emitting Gd3+‐activated M2O2S (where M = La, Y) for phototherapy lamp phosphors
Authors: Shinde V. V. , Kunghatkar R. G. , Dhoble S. J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractGd3+‐activated oxysulphide (M2O2S) may be used to study Photoluminescence (PL) properties with respect to phototherapy. Gd3+‐activated phosphor materials are widely used for phototherapy lamps. The Gd3+ ion gives characteristic Narrow-Band (NB) emissions, in particular in the ultraviolet (UV) light region, that are used to treat more than 50 types of skin diseases. In this paper, M2O2S oxysulphide doped with Gd3+ was synthesized by the solid‐state flux fusion method and its down conversion spectral properties were studied as a function of different Gd3+ concentrations. The sample was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and PL and the crystal structure was also studied. The lanthanum oxysulphide (La2O2S)‐activated Gd3+ ion showed a sharp emission peak at 314 nm when excited at 275 nm excitation, whereas the yttrium oxysulphide (Y2O2S)‐activated Gd3+ ion showed a sharp emission at 316 nm when excited by 272 nm. The effect of concentration of the Gd3+ ion on the luminescence properties of M2O2S:Gd3+ phosphor was also studied. These phosphor materials activated with the Gd3+ ion may be suitable for phototherapy lamps, which are used to treat many types of skin diseases such as psoriasis, vitiligo, or scleroderma. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The neural correlates of subjectively perceived and passively matched loudness perception in auditory phantom perception
Authors: De Ridder Dirk , Congedo Marco , Vanneste Sven 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIntroductionA fundamental question in phantom perception is determining whether the brain creates a network that represents the sound intensity of the auditory phantom as measured by tinnitus matching (in dB), or whether the phantom perception is actually only a representation of the subjectively perceived loudness.MethodsIn tinnitus patients, tinnitus loudness was tested in two ways, by a numeric rating scale for subjectively perceived loudness and a more objective tinnitus‐matching test, albeit it is still a subjective measure.ResultsPassively matched tinnitus does not correlate with subjective numeric rating scale, and has no electrophysiological correlates. Subjective loudness, in a whole‐brain analysis, is correlated with activity in the left anterior insula (alpha), the rostral/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (beta), and the left parahippocampus (gamma). A ROI analysis finds correlations with the auditory cortex (high beta and gamma) as well. The theta band links gamma band activity in the auditory cortex and parahippocampus via theta–gamma nesting.ConclusionsApparently the brain generates a network that represents subjectively perceived tinnitus loudness only, which is context dependent. The subjective loudness network consists of the anterior cingulate/insula, the parahippocampus, and the auditory cortex. The gamma band activity in the parahippocampus and the auditory cortex is functionally linked via theta–gamma nested lagged phase synchronization.
Chemometrics comes to court: evidence evaluation of chem–bio threat agent attacks
Authors: Ahlinder Jon , Nordgaard Anders , Lindström Susanne W. 
Published: March 2015

Forensic statistics is a well‐established scientific field whose purpose is to statistically analyze evidence in order to support legal decisions. It traditionally relies on methods that assume small numbers of independent variables and multiple samples. Unfortunately, such methods are less applicable when dealing with highly correlated multivariate data sets such as those generated by emerging high throughput analytical technologies. Chemometrics is a field that has a wealth of methods for the analysis of such complex data sets, so it would be desirable to combine the two fields in order to identify best practices for forensic statistics in the future. This paper provides a brief introduction to forensic statistics and describes how chemometrics could be integrated with its established methods to improve the evaluation of evidence in court.The paper describes how statistics and chemometrics can be integrated, by analyzing a previous know forensic data set composed of bacterial communities from fingerprints. The presented strategy can be applied in cases where chemical and biological threat agents have been illegally disposed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Boroselenates as New Silicate Analogues.
Authors: Daub Michael , Hillebrecht Harald 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of Rb3[B(SeO4)3] (I) and Cs3[B(SeO4)3] (II) are prepared by heating a 1.5:1:6.6 molar mixture of Rb2CO3 (Cs2CO3), H3BO3, and H2SeO4 in air (quartz crucible, 550 K, 2 d).
ChemInform Abstract: β‐NaMnO2: A High‐Performance Cathode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Billaud Juliette , Clement Raphaele J. , Armstrong A. Robert , Canales‐Vazquez Jesus , Rozier Patrick , Grey Clare P. , Bruce Peter G. 
Published: March 2015

Abstractβ‐NaMnO2 is prepared by firing of Na2CO3 (15 wt.% excess) and Mn2O3 in O2 (2 x 950 °C, 1 d, heating rates of 1 and 5 °C/min).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Magnetically Recyclable ZIF‐8@SiO2@Fe3O4 Catalysts and Their Catalytic Performance for Knoevenagel Reaction.
Authors: Li Qingyuan , Jiang Sai , Ji Shengfu , Ammar Muhammad , Zhang Qingmin , Yan Junlei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe title catalyst is prepared by addition of aqueous 2‐methyl imidazole solution containing NEt3 to an aqueous suspension of Zn(NO3)2 and SiO2@Fe3O4.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Property of a New Cobalt(II) Vanadate.
Authors: Zhang Su‐Yun , Guo Wen‐Bin , Yang Ming , Tang Ying‐Ying , Wang Nan‐Nan , Huang Rong‐Rong , Cui Mei‐Yan , He Zhang‐Zhen 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCo7V4O16(OH)2(H2O) is obtained in the attempt to prepare a Sr‐Co‐V‐O phase via hydrothermal reaction of a 2:1:4 molar aqueous mixture of ScCl2, V2O5, and Co(OH)2 (autoclave, 200 °C, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: New Complex Bismuth Oxides in the Bi2O3—NiO—Sb2O5 System and Their Properties.
Authors: Egorysheva A. V. , Ellert O. G. , Zubavichus Y. V. , Gajtko O. M. , Efimov N. N. , Svetogorov R. D. , Murzin V. Yu. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe pyrochlore‐type solid solution (Bi2‐xNix) Ni2/3‐ySb4/3+yO7+‐δ (x = 0.1‐0.35, y = 0‐0.1) and Bi3Ni2/3Sb7/3O11 of the KSbO3 structure type are discovered in the 650 °C isothermal section of the Bi2O3‐NiO‐Sb2O5 phase diagram.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic, Enantioselective Sulfenylation of Ketone‐Derived Enoxysilanes.
Authors: Denmark Scott E. , Rossi Sergio , Webster Matthew P. , Wang Hao 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThree classes of Lewis bases, tertiary amines, sulfides, and selenophosphoramides, are identified as catalysts for the α‐sulfenylation of silyl enol ethers, but only chiral selenophosphoramides furnish α‐phenylthio ketones in good yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Mild Method for Preparation of Allylic Amines from Aziridine‐2‐alcohols Using PPh3/I2/Imidazole.
Authors: Chavan Subhash P. , Khairnar Lalit B. , Chavan Prakash N. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe procedure succeeds for activated and deactivated aziridines.
ChemInform Abstract: Acetamidine—Palladium Complex Immobilized on γ‐Fe2O3 Nanoparticles: A Novel Magnetically Separable Catalyst for Heck and Suzuki Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Sobhani Sara , Ghasemzadeh Maryam Sadat , Honarmand Moones , Zarifi Farzaneh 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAn acetamidine—palladium complex immobilized on γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles is shown to be an efficient catalyst for Heck and Suzuki coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual (Z)‐Selective Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Addition of Aryl Boronic Acids to Vinylaziridines.
Authors: Yin JieXiang , Mekelburg Theresa , Hyland Christopher 
Published: March 2015

AbstractApplication of electron‐rich aryl boronic acids results in lower reaction yields than application of electron‐poor aryl boronic acids due to incomplete conversion.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Cross‐Aldol Reactions of Acetaldehyde Mediated by a Dual Catalytic System Operating under Site Isolation.
Authors: Fan Xinyuan , Rodriguez‐Escrich Carles , Wang Shoulei , Sayalero Sonia , Pericas Miquel A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTwo polymer supported materials are used as recyclable catalyst mixture for the aldol condensation of paraldehyde (I) with aromatic aldehyde.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Ring Opening Reaction of Oxabenzonorbornadienes with Amines Promoted by Iridium/NMDPP Complex.
Authors: Yu Lu , Zhou Yongyun , Xu Xin , Li Sifeng , Xu Jianbin , Fan Baomin , Lin Chengyuan , Bian Zhaoxiang , Chan Albert S. C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA wide variety of primary and secondary amines are suitable nucleophiles for the title reaction to form ring opening products with good levels of enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Oxidative Coupling of Enamines and Electron‐Deficient Amines: TBAI/TBHP‐Mediated Synthesis of Substituted Diaminoalkenes under Metal‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Yuan Yucheng , Hou Wenjuan , Zhang‐Negrerie Daisy , Zhao Kang , Du Yunfei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe presented work provides a convenient route to diaminoalkene derivatives from readily available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: A Planar‐Chiral Phosphino(alkenyl)ferrocene for Suzuki‐Miyaura C—C Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Schaarschmidt Dieter , Grumbt Martin , Hildebrandt Alexander , Lang Heinrich 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA planar‐chiral diphenylphosphino‐substituted ferrocene is efficiently applied as ligand in the Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki‐coupling of sterically congested aryl halides with ortho‐substituted arylboronic acids to give biaryls with up to four ortho substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Assembly of Functionalized Spirocyclic Indolines by Palladium‐Catalyzed Dearomatising Diallylation of Indoles with Allyl Acetate.
Authors: Dhankher Persis , Benhamou Laure , Sheppard Tom D. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe Pd‐catalyzed reaction of substituted indoles with allylacetate provides 3,3‐diallylindolines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Cyclocondensation‐Knoevenagel—Michael Reaction of Phenyl Hydrazine, Acetoacetate Derivatives and Arylaldehydes.
Authors: Khazaei Ardeshir , Abbasi Fatemeh , Moosavi‐Zare Ahmad Reza 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA novel N‐bromosulfonamide reagent, DBBTS, is synthesized and successfully used as a new and highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of arylmethylene bispyrazoles (IV) via a one‐pot pseudo‐five component condensation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Photochemical One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles.
Authors: Pusch Stefan , Opatz Till 
Published: March 2015

Abstractα‐(alkylideneamino)nitriles generated in situ from α‐aminonitriles and aldehydes react with acylaziridines formed in situ by photochemical ring transformation of isoxazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: One Pot Pd(OAc)2‐Catalyzed 2,5‐Diarylation of Imidazoles Derivatives.
Authors: Takfaoui Abdelilah , Zhao Liqin , Touzani Rachid , Soule Jean‐Francois , Dixneuf Pierre H. , Doucet Henri 
Published: March 2015

Abstract1‐Alkylimidazoles always give mixtures of 5‐mono‐ and 2,5‐diarylsubstituted products and major product depends on the N‐alkyl substituent.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thiazolidines via Regioselective Addition of Unsymmetric Thioureas to Maleic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Pankova Alena S. , Samartsev Mikhail A. , Shulgin Igor A. , Golubev Pavel R. , Avdontceva Margarita S. , Kuznetsov Mikhail A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA wide range of unsymmetric thioureas are studied in reaction with N‐arylmaleimides and maleic anhydride.
ChemInform Abstract: The Isomerization of Allylrhodium Intermediates in the Rhodium‐Catalyzed Nucleophilic Allylation of Cyclic Imines.
Authors: Hepburn Hamish B. , Lam Hon Wai 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHigh enantioselectivities are obtained with chiral diene‐Rh complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Raney Ni Catalyzed Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: Rao H. Surya Prakash , Chakibanda Guravaiah 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHuisgen‐type cycloaddition proceeds with excellent regioselectivity for phenyl azide (II) with aryl‐ and alkyl‐propargyl ethers (I) and alkynes (XI) and (XIII) while alkyl and benzyl azides (IV) in combination with alkyl propargylic ethers (Ib,c) as well as phenyl azide and propargylic alcohol (VIII) give regioisomeric mixtures with poor selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 as an Inexpensive, Eco‐Friendly, Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 5‐Substituted 1‐H Tetrazoles from Nitriles.
Authors: Kumar Satyanand , Dubey Shristy , Saxena Nisha , Awasthi Satish Kumar 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe CAN‐catalyzed cycloaddition of nitriles with NaN3 is advantageous with regards to short reaction times, easy work up, and high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Approach to 4,6‐Disubstituted‐3,4‐dihydropyran‐2‐ones by Domino Michael Addition‐Cyclization Reaction under PTC Conditions.
Authors: Gaggero Nicoletta , Albanese Domenico C. M. , Nava Donatella 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe new domino process allows the preparation of dithioacetals (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isochromene Derivatives Using an Intramolecular Benzylic C(sp3)—C(sp2) Bond Forming Heck Reaction on Vinylogous Carbonates.
Authors: Gharpure Santosh J. , Shelke Yogesh G. , Reddy S. Raja Bhushan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe synthetic utility of the intramolecular Heck reaction is demonstrated in the racemic formation of monocerolide (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Synthesis of 2‐Pyridones Using Acrylamides and Ketones.
Authors: Rai Sunil K. , Khanam Shaziya , Khanna Ranjana S. , Tewari Ashish K. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAcrylamides (III) obtained as E‐isomers are readily synthesized under microwave irradiation.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Synthesis of 2‐Arylpyridines from Acetophenones and 1,3‐Diaminopropane.
Authors: Xi Long‐Yi , Zhang Ruo‐Yi , Liang Shuai , Chen Shan‐Yong , Yu Xiao‐Qi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNot only a range of electronically diverse acetophenones undergo this transformation but also aryl ketones with a longer alkyl chain, as well as cyclic aliphatic ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Strain‐Promoted Oxidative Annulation of Arynes and Cyclooctynes with Benzamides: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H/N—H Activation for the Synthesis of N‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Peng Xianglong , Wang Weiguo , Jiang Chao , Sun Di , Xu Zhenghu , Tung Chen‐Ho 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe novel title reaction leads to the concise and flexible synthesis of different N‐heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Enantioselective Allylic Substitution of Silyl Dienolates Derived from Dioxinones.
Authors: Chen Ming , Hartwig John F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAmong the tested leaving groups trichloroethylcarbonate gives the best results regarding regioselectivity, yield and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazolooxazine and Fused 1,2,3‐Triazolo‐δ‐Lactone Derivatives.
Authors: Guemues Ayseguel , Mert Kudret , Tanyeli Cihangir 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe first enantioselective synthesis of fused 1,2,3‐triazolooxazine (VI) and 1,2,3‐triazolo‐δ‐lactone (VIII) via intramolecular azide‐alkyne cycloaddition or Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition, resp., is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Enantioselective and Regioselective Organocatalytic Direct Mannich Reaction of Methyl Alkyl Ketones with Cyclic Imines Benzo[e][1,2,3]oxathiazine 2,2‐Dioxides.
Authors: Wang You‐Qing , Cui Xiao‐Yu , Ren Yuan‐Yuan , Zhang Yongna 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe direct Mannich reaction of the cyclic title imines with acetone or alkyl methyl ketones generates optically active N‐heterocycles bearing a sulfonamide functionality with high enantioselectivities and high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective C—H Borylations of Cyclopropanes and Cyclobutanes with Silica‐Supported Monophosphane‐Ir Catalysts.
Authors: Murakami Ryo , Tsunoda Kiyoshi , Iwai Tomohiro , Sawamura Masaya 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA silica‐supported caged trialkylphosphane is applied as efficient heterogeneous ligand in the Ir‐catalyzed N‐ or O‐atom directed C—H borylation of cyclopropanes and a few cyclobutanes to give cis‐products.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible‐Light‐Mediated 1,2‐Acyl Migration: The Reaction of Secondary Enamino Ketones with Singlet Oxygen.
Authors: Fan Weigang , Li Pixu 
Published: March 2015

AbstractReaction of enamino ketones (I) and (III) with alcohols under photooxidative conditions in the presence of [Ru(bipy)3Cl2] catalyst gives the corresponding compounds (II), (IV) and (VII) in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Unified Bioinspired “Aplysinopsin Cascade”: Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Tubastrindole B and Related Biosynthetic Congeners.
Authors: Skiredj Adam , Beniddir Mehdi A. , Joseph Delphine , Leblanc Karine , Bernadat Guillaume , Evanno Laurent , Poupon Erwan 
Published: March 2015

Abstract(.+‐.)‐Tubastrindole B (Ia) and a precursor of (.+‐.)‐tubastrindole E (Ib) are prepared by a ring‐expansion cascade of a dictazole‐type precursor.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Alkyloxycyclobutanones as Useful Synthons for Heterocycle and Carbocycle Synthesis
Authors: Chen Shi , Shan Gang , Nie Pengju , Rao Yu 
Published: March 2015

AbstractReview: [formal [4 + 2], [3 + 2], and [3 + 3] annulations as well as other types of transformations with 3‐alkyloxycyclobutanones, 34 refs.