bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do cultural values affect economic growth? An empirical evidence from world values survey (1994–2021)
Authors: El Husseiny Israa A. , Al Samman Ahmed , Mansour Sarah , Ibrahim Fatma 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study utilizes cultural values from the World Values Survey (WVS) to investigate the cultural hypothesis regarding economic growth. Following Granato et al.'s (1996) theory, this paper describes a systematic method for developing analytical models that clarify the effect of cultural values on economic growth by using seemingly unrelated regression (SUR).Design/methodology/approachThe results are sustained through regression analysis using ordinary least squares (OLS) and SUR. The sample size covers all WVS countries from the third wave in 1994 to the seventh wave in 2021, due to the limited sample size in the first and second surveys, which is insufficient for estimation.FindingsResults highlight culture as a crucial factor for economic growth. Although the study found a positive effect of autonomy, life satisfaction, and post-materialism on economic growth, trust has been found to have a negative impact.Originality/valueAlthough the literature has theoretically proven the impact of cultural values on economic growth, there is a significant disparity in the empirical studies, owing to a lack of applied studies. This study deepens the cultural analysis compared to earlier empirical investigations. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first attempt to assess the combined effect of the selected four cultural values on economic growth during 1994 and 2021. Furthermore, SUR analysis allows for the estimation of the variables' effects throughout the five waves.
Evaluating the performance of Bi58Sn42 mold produced by material extrusion additive manufacturing system for agile manufacturing
Authors: Delibaş Hulusi , Geren Necdet 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to produce a low-cost sheet metal forming mold made from the low melting point Bi58Sn42 (bismuth) alloy by using an open-source desktop-type material extrusion additive manufacturing system and to evaluate the performance of the additively manufactured mold for low volume sheet metal forming. Thus, it was aimed to develop a fast and inexpensive die tooling methodology for low-volume batch production.

Design/methodology/approach
Initially, the three-dimensional printing experiments were performed to produce the sheet metal forming mold. The encountered problems during the performed three-dimensional printing experiments were analyzed. Accordingly, both tunings in process parameters (extrusion temperature, extrusion multiplier, printing speed, infill percentage, etc.) and customizations on the extruder head of the available material extrusion additive manufacturing system were made to print the Bi58Sn42 alloy properly. Subsequently, the performance of the additively manufactured mold was evaluated according to the dimensional change that occurred on it during the performed pressing operations.

Findings
Results showed that the additively manufactured mold was rigid enough and proved to have sufficient strength in sheet metal forming operations for low-volume production.

Originality/value
Alternative mold production was carried out using open-source material extrusion system for low volume sheet metal part production. Thus, cost effective solution was presented for agile manufacturing.
How does climate change impact social bees and bee sociality?
Authors: Ostwald Madeleine M. , da Silva Carmen R. B. , Seltmann Katja C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Climatic factors are known to shape the expression of social behaviours. Likewise, variation in social behaviour can dictate climate responses. Understanding interactions between climate and sociality is crucial for forecasting vulnerability and resilience to climate change across animal taxa.

These interactions are particularly relevant for taxa like bees that exhibit a broad diversity of social states. An emerging body of literature aims to quantify bee responses to environmental change with respect to variation in key functional traits, including sociality. Additionally, decades of research on environmental drivers of social evolution may prove fruitful for predicting shifts in the costs and benefits of social strategies under climate change.

In this review, we explore these findings to ask two interconnected questions: (a) how does sociality mediate vulnerability to climate change, and (b) how might climate change impact social organisation in bees? We highlight traits that intersect with bee sociality that may confer resilience to climate change (e.g. extended activity periods, diet breadth, behavioural thermoregulation) and we generate predictions about the impacts of climate change on the expression and distribution of social phenotypes in bees.

The social evolutionary consequences of climate change will be complex and heterogeneous, depending on such factors as local climate and plasticity of social traits. Many contexts will see an increase in the frequency of eusocial nesting as warming temperatures accelerate development and expand the temporal window for rearing a worker brood. More broadly, climate‐mediated shifts in the abiotic and biotic selective environments will alter the costs and benefits of social living in different contexts, with cascading impacts at the population, community and ecosystem levels.
Plant height bridges hierarchical community responses to nitrogen enrichment
Authors: Liao Jiaqiang , Quan Quan , Ma Fangfang , Peng Jinlong , Niu Shuli 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Nitrogen enrichment impacts ecosystems productivity by altering different hierarchical community processes, ranging from responses of individual species traits to species reordering and ultimately species turnover. Most previous studies have focussed on examining the responses of these processes separately, but little has been done to examine how hierarchical community responses are linked and contribute to the changes in productivity.

To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a 4‐year nitrogen addition field experiment to investigate the hierarchical community responses of above‐ground net primary productivity (ANPP) in an alpine meadow ecosystem.

We found that the individual species response contributed more to ANPP changes under nitrogen addition, while species reordering and species turnover contributed little over the 4‐year experiment. In particular, plant height was a key trait to ultimately explain and bridge nitrogen addition effects on ANPP across different community levels. Nitrogen addition promoted plant height and growth of individual species, and reordered functional groups by increasing taller grasses and sedges and decreasing shorter forbs and legumes. Species turnover had a weak effect on ANPP changes due to low biomass of both lost and gained species. Finally, taller persistent plants promoted ANPP more with nitrogen addition.

Synthesis. This study provides a new perspective on how ecosystem productivity responds to nitrogen enrichment in a hierarchical manner linked to plant height, which is helpful for elucidating complex community processes and establishing direct links between plant traits and ecosystem function.
Plant and microbial feedbacks maintain soil nitrogen legacies in burned and unburned grasslands
Authors: Nieland Matthew A. , Zeglin Lydia H. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) availability is a well‐known driver of ecosystem structure and function, but as air quality regulations continue to reduce atmospheric N deposition, there is a need to understand how managed and unmanaged ecosystems respond to widespread decreases in terrestrial N availability. Historical N eutrophication, from pollution or fertilisation, may continue to constrain contemporary responses to decreases in available N because of altered plant and microbial feedbacks. Thus, while certain management practices like prescribed fire remove N from grassland ecosystems, the role of fire supporting ecosystems recovering from chronic N input is unknown.

To address this knowledge gap, we ceased a 30‐year N‐fertilisation treatment at a field experiment in a tallgrass prairie ecosystem crossed with burned and fire‐suppressed (unburned) treatments. We established subplots within each previously fertilised, recovering plot, fertilised at the same historical rate (10 g N m−2 year−1 as NH4NO3), to compare plant and soil properties in recovering plots with control (never‐fertilised) and still‐fertilised treatments within different fire regimes.

We document different N‐fertilisation legacies among ecosystem properties in burned and unburned prairies recovering from N‐fertilisation. Soil N availability, nitrification and denitrification potentials in recovering plots remained higher than controls for 3–5 years—indicative of positive legacies—in both burned and unburned prairies, but burning did not reduce this legacy. In burned prairies, however, a positive legacy in above‐ground plant production persisted because a more productive grass species (switchgrass) replaced the previously dominant species (big bluestem) even though root C:N, but not soil C:N, increased to return back to control levels. Consequently, the main N loss pathways in burned and unburned prairies (pyrovolatilisation and microbially mediated processes, respectively) led to similar losses of soil total N (20–28 g N m−2) over 5 years.

Synthesis: Our results indicate that N eutrophication induces positive legacies of ecosystem functions that can persist for at least half a decade. N‐induced legacies arise because of shifts in soil microbial N‐cycling and plant functional traits. As a result, different management practices may elicit similar trajectories of ecosystem recovery in terms of total and available soil N because of different plant and microbial feedbacks.
Drought effects in Mediterranean forests are not alleviated by diversity‐driven water source partitioning
Authors: Mas Eugénie , Vilagrosa Alberto , Morcillo Luna , Saurer Matthias , Valladares Fernando , Grossiord Charlotte 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Tree species diversity in forest ecosystems could reduce their vulnerability to extreme droughts through improved microclimate and below‐ground water source partitioning driven by contrasting species‐specific water use patterns. However, little is known about the seasonal dynamics of belowground water uptake that determine whether diversity positively or negatively impacts tree carbon assimilation and water exchange.

Using a network of 30 permanent plots in Mediterranean forests with increasing tree species diversity (from monospecific to four‐species mixtures), we examined the seasonal patterns of in‐situ aboveground carbon and water relations and belowground water sources on 265 trees from four pine and oak species over 2 years using hydraulic and stable isotope approaches.

We found that increasing species diversity in broadleaf and conifer mixtures induced strong soil water source partitioning between oak and pine species. As conditions became drier during the summer in mixed stands, oak species took up water from deeper soil sources, while pines were systematically limited to shallow ones. Despite significant belowground moisture partitioning, stronger drought‐induced reductions in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and leaf water potential were still observed in diverse compared with monospecific stands for pines but with some benefits for oaks.

Synthesis: Our findings reveal that tree species diversity promoted belowground water source partitioning in mixed oak and pine stands, potentially reducing competition for water in more diverse ecosystems. Yet, our results show that it is insufficient to buffer the adverse impacts of severe droughts on aboveground tree carbon and water use, leading to higher water stress, especially for pines.
The global burden, trends and cross‐country inequalities of female breast and gynaecologic cancers: A population based study
Authors: Cheng Liangxing , Wang Zhihong , Li Rufeng , Qiang Min , Yang Chen , Yang Guoer , Xie Yingying , Yuan Ruixia , Xu Yungang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the global burden, trends and cross‐country inequalities of female breast and gynaecologic cancers (FeBGCs).DesignPopulation‐Based Study.SettingData sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.PopulationIndividuals diagnosed with FeBGCs.MethodsAge‐standardised mortality rates (ASMRs), age‐standardised Disability‐Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) rates (ASDRs) and their 95% uncertainty interval (UI) described the burden. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) and their confidence interval (CI) of age‐standardised rates (ASRs) illustrated trends. Social inequalities were quantified using the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Concentration Index.Main Outcome MeasuresThe main outcome measures were the burden of FeBGCs and the trends in its inequalities over time.ResultsIn 2019, the ASDRs per 100 000 females were as follows: breast cancer: 473.83 (95% UI: 437.30–510.51), cervical cancer: 210.64 (95% UI: 177.67–234.85), ovarian cancer: 124.68 (95% UI: 109.13–138.67) and uterine cancer: 210.64 (95% UI: 177.67–234.85). The trends per year from 1990 to 2019 were expressed as EAPCs of ASDRs and these: for Breast cancer: −0.51 (95% CI: −0.57 to −0.45); Cervical cancer: −0.95 (95% CI: −0.99 to −0.89); Ovarian cancer: −0.08 (95% CI: −0.12 to −0.04); and Uterine cancer: −0.84 (95% CI: −0.93 to −0.75). In the Social Inequalities Analysis (1990–2019) the SII changed from 689.26 to 607.08 for Breast, from −226.66 to −239.92 for cervical, from 222.45 to 228.83 for ovarian and from 74.61 to 103.58 for uterine cancer. The concentration index values ranged from 0.2 to 0.4.ConclusionsThe burden of FeBGCs worldwide showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2019. Countries or regions with higher Socio‐demographic Index (SDI) bear a higher DALYs burden of breast, ovarian and uterine cancers, while those with lower SDI bear a heavier burden of cervical cancer. These inequalities increased over time.
Forensic application of sandpaper spray ionization mass spectrometry (SPS‐MS): Direct analysis of solid pharmaceutical formulations and edible cannabis products
Authors: Rodrillo Karl Angelo M. , Costa Diego M. , Viana Sarah F. C. , Shahbazi Hasti , Augusti Rodinei , Ifa Demian R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, we employed a new ambient ionization mass spectrometry technique, sandpaper spray mass spectrometry (SPS‐MS), as an efficient tool to analyze pills and tablets of pharmaceutical formulations. The following samples were analyzed: regulators of blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes, and drugs for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Additionally, a hard candy of Cannabis sativa containing Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9‐THC) and its related isomer cannabidiol (CBD) was also evaluated. The surfaces of the samples, without any prior treatment, were sanded onto triangular‐cut sandpaper, and full MS scans (and MS/MS) were acquired in both positive and negative ionization modes. SPS‐MS (and MS/MS) allowed for prompt detection of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in each formulation. Other components of the formulations, added as excipients, were also tentatively identified. The results described herein indicate that the SPS‐MS technique can be applied to fast screening of pills and tablets being potentially used as an efficient tool to detect counterfeit pharmaceutical and illicit products, a current issue of increasing concern.
Degradation of citrinin by different types of light and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Zhang Xiaowei , Wang Penghui , Li Jing , Shu Qi , Lu Qian , Wang Fenghe , Zhao Yixin , Niu Huanhuan , Chen Ting 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCitrinin (CIT), a mycotoxin produced by Monascus, Penicillium, and other fungies, can contaminate red yeast rice and other foods, thus constraining their application and development. Exploring efficient degradation methods of citrinin is becoming as one of the hot research topics. In this study, the degradation of citrinin, irradiated by visible (Vis) light, ultraviolet (UV) light, and simulated sunlight alone, as well as in combination with hydrogen peroxide (light/H2O2), was investigated. The research demonstrates UV, Vis, and simulated sunlight all have a degree of degradation on citrinin, and the degradation efficiency correlates with light source and light intensity. Interestingly, when combined with 100 W Vis and 0.01 M H2O2, the citrinin degradation rate increases to 32%, compared to 1% and 5% achieved by Vis and H2O2 alone. Hydroxyl radicals, arising from the uniform cracking of H2O2 under Vis, were experimentally validated by electron spin resonance measurement and could accelerate the dissociation of citrinin by nucleophilic attacking. Employing the density functional theory, we deduced nucleophilic •OH mainly attack onto C8 and C5 site by comparing the electrophilic Parr functions (Pk+) value of main C atom of citrinin. This research presents a rapid and efficient degradation of citrinin by combining visible light with H2O2.Practical ApplicationThis research presents a rapid and efficient method for the degradation of citrnin in red yeast rice and other citrnin containing products by combining visible light with H2O2.
Computed tomography‐based radiomics and clinical‐genetic features for brain metastasis prediction in patients with stage III/IV epidermal growth factor receptor‐mutant non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Zheng Mei , Sun Xiaorong , Qi Haoran , Zhang Mingzhu , Xing Ligang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the value of computed tomography (CT)‐based radiomics combined with clinical‐genetic features in predicting brain metastasis in patients with stage III/IV epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐mutant non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsThe study included 147 eligible patients treated at our institution between January 2018 and May 2021. Patients were randomly divided into two cohorts for model training (n = 102) and validation (n = 45). Radiomics features were extracted from the chest CT images before treatment, and a radiomics signature was constructed using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to describe the differences in brain metastasis‐free survival (BM‐FS) risk. A clinical‐genetic model was developed using Cox regression analysis. Radiomics, genetic, and combined prediction models were constructed, and their predictive performances were evaluated by the concordance index (C‐index).ResultsPatients with a low radiomics score had significantly longer BM‐FS than those with a high radiomics score in both the training (p < 0.0001) and the validation (p = 0.0016) cohorts. The C‐indices of the nomogram, which combined the radiomics signature and N stage, overall stage, third‐generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment, and EGFR mutation status, were 0.886 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.823–0.949) and 0.811 (95% CI 0.719–0.903) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The combined model achieved a higher discrimination and clinical utility than the single prediction models.ConclusionsThe combined radiomics‐genetic model could be used to predict BM‐FS in stage III/IV NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations.
Construction of a nomogram model based on biomarkers for liver metastasis in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Tian , Zhang Yajuan , Ni Yunfeng , Jia Xiaohui , Li Yanlin , Mao Ziyang , Jiang Panpan , Fu Xiaolan , Jiao Min , Jiang Lili , Wang Wenjuan , Guo Hui , Zan Ying , Liu Mengjie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with liver metastasis have a poor prognosis, and there are no reliable biomarkers for predicting disease progression. Currently, no recognized and reliable prediction model exists to anticipate liver metastasis in NSCLC, nor have the risk factors influencing its onset time been thoroughly explored.MethodsThis study conducted a retrospective analysis of 434 NSCLC patients from two hospitals to assess the association between the risk and timing of liver metastasis, as well as several variables.ResultsThe patients were divided into two groups: those without liver metastasis and those with liver metastasis. We constructed a nomogram model for predicting liver metastasis in NSCLC, incorporating elements such as T stage, N stage, M stage, lack of past radical lung cancer surgery, and programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) levels. Furthermore, NSCLC patients with wild‐type EGFR, no prior therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and no prior radical lung cancer surgery showed an elevated risk of early liver metastasis.ConclusionIn conclusion, the nomogram model developed in this study has the potential to become a simple, intuitive, and customizable clinical tool for assessing the risk of liver metastasis in NSCLC patients following validation. Furthermore, it provides a framework for investigating the timing of metachronous liver metastasis.
Senescence detection using reflected light
Authors: Dedic Benjamin , Westerberg Leo , Mosqueda Solís Andrea , Dumont Kyle D. , Ruas Jorge L. , Thorell Anders , Näslund Erik , Spalding Kirsty L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSenescence is an important cellular program occurring in development, tissue repair, cancer, and aging. Increased senescence is also associated with disease states, including obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Characterizing and quantifying senescent cells at a single cell level has been challenging and particularly difficult in large primary cells, such as human adipocytes. In this study, we present a novel approach that utilizes reflected light for accurate senescence‐associated beta‐galactosidase (SABG) staining measurements, which can be integrated with immunofluorescence and is compatible with primary mature adipocytes from both human and mouse, as well as with differentiated 3T3‐L1 cells. This technique provides a more comprehensive classification of a cell's senescent state by incorporating multiple criteria, including robust sample‐specific pH controls. By leveraging the precision of confocal microscopy to detect X‐gal crystals using reflected light, we achieved superior sensitivity over traditional brightfield techniques. This strategy allows for the capture of all X‐gal precipitates in SABG‐stained samples, revealing diverse X‐gal staining patterns and improved detection sensitivity. Additionally, we demonstrate that reflected light outperforms western blot analysis for the detection and quantification of senescence in mature human adipocytes, as it offers a more accurate representation of SABG activity. This detection strategy enables a more thorough investigation of senescent cell characteristics and specifically a deeper look at the relationship between adipocyte senescence and obesity associated disorders, such as T2D.
Innovation's influence on working capital management and profitability: A Chinese high‐tech manufacturing perspective
Authors: Zhou Siyu , Amin Noordin Bany Ariffin , Tunde Matemilola Bolaji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the role of corporate innovation in moderating the impact of working capital management on profitability for a Chinese high‐tech manufacturing industry. Using a two‐way fixed effect model and subgroup analysis, we found that net working capital (NWC) negatively impacted corporate profitability, while corporate innovation magnified the inverse association between the NWC and profitability. This moderating effect was stronger in non‐state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) than in SOEs, and different company sizes exhibited varying effects. This study enhances our understanding of the role of corporate innovation financial management and provides valuable insights for innovation research in emerging economies.