bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HEAT SHOCK TREATMENT CAN IMPROVE SOME SEED GERMINATION INDEXES AND ENZYME ACTIVITY IN PRIMED SEEDS WITH GIBBERELLIN OF MOUNTAIN RYE (SECALE MONTANUM) UNDER ACCELERATED AGING CONDITIONS
Authors: Ansari O. , Sharif-Zadeh F. , Moradi A. , Azadi M.S. , Younesi E. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Seed priming with gibberellin (GA) enhances seed germination performance; but the quality of primed seeds in aging condition often reduces more than non-primed seeds. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect(s) of heat shock treatments on germination characteristics and enzyme activity of primed mountain rye (Secale montanum) seeds with gibberellin under accelerated aging. Heat shock treatments, can substantially decrease the speed of quality reduction of mountain rye (Secale montanum) primed seeds. In primed seeds with gibberellin, which has non-aged, the highest germination percentage (GP) and normal seedling percentage (NSP) was attained from heat shock treatment at 35°C for 3 h, also after 3 days aging, it was attained from heat shock treatment at 35°C for 3 h. After 3 days of aging the highest germination index (GI) was attained from unprimed seeds, but no significant difference with heat shock treatment at 35°C for 3 h. The minimum means time germination (MTG) was in heat shock treatment at 30°C for 3 h in non-aged seeds. After 3 days of aging, heat shock treatment reduce MTG as compared to the primed seeds. Heat shock treatment at 35°C for 3 h increased seed vigor index (SVI) as compared to the unprimed and primed seed in non-aged seeds and after 3 days aging. Seedling length (SL) increases with heat shock treatment at 30°C for 4 h in non-aged seeds as compared to the primed and unprimed seeds, but after 3 days of aging heat shock treatment except at 35°C for 3 h and 40°C for 4 h reduced SL as compared to the primed and unprimed seeds. Also, heat shock treatments increase some antioxidant enzymes [Catalase (CAT), Ascorbat peroxidase (APX)].
EVALUATION OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) IN INTERCROPPING WITH SPRING BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.)
Authors: Azar M. Rahimi , Javanmard A. , Shekari F. , Pourmohammad A. , Esfandyari E. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Intercropping is considered for increasing and stability of yield per average unit. In order to evaluate the effect of barley/chickpea intercrop, a study was carried out in the research field of Faculty of Agriculture, Maragheh University, in 2009 as randomized compelet block design, with three replicates, with row replacement series. Treatments included different combinations (1:1,2:1, 3:1, 2:2 and 3:2 row ratios of barley:chickpea) and their monocultures. Results indicated that the highest yield was obtained from combination of one row barley and one row Desi chickpea.The highest number of pods was obtained, also, in combination of one row barley and one row Desi chickpea. There was a significant difference among treatments including Desi chickpea and Kabuli chickpea 100-grain weight that its Kabuli chickpea was more. The correlation coefficient analysis indicated that number of pods per plot had the highest positive relationship and protein percentage had the highest negative relationship with yield per plot. The path coefficient analysis showed that the number of pods had the highest direct effect on yield percentage via the number of pods
VECTOR OF THE EU AND RUSSIA INTEGRATION IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ivolga Anna , Labenko Oleksandr , Ivolga Ivan 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Throughout history, Russia and the EU have always been the key players in the region. However, even though both sides have a massive historical and geographical background, there is still no effective model of RU-EU integration. Furthermore, the power and wealth centers are rapidly moving towards APEC these days, which is a matter of crucial importance for the partners, as Europe loses its positions. The paper includes the number of suggestions about the RU-EU integration, with an emphasis on: previous integration experience, creation of institutional basis, synchronizing the standardization systems, innovation and scientific researches coordination. Moreover, the work also contains the list of possible measures in the fields of energetic trade, CIS policies, with the in-depth analysis of reasons, why the integration is essential for both the Russian Federation and the European Union.
THE IMPORTANCE OF FESTIVAL TOURISM IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF HUNGARY
Authors: Nagy Adrienn , Nagy Henrietta 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Tourism has been a determining factor in the economic growth of Hungary recently and it will continue to have a significant role in the future development of the country. Although Hungary has great potentials in tourism sector, it is concentrated only on a few places of the country at present, especially in the capital, Budapest. While tourism has about 10% share in the national GDP production, most of it is generated in the capital. In addition, to the center of the country, there are only a few places that are really known by foreign tourists and thus are able to attract crowds. Such places are Lake Balaton, the largest lake in Europe; and the city of Debrecen, the second largest city in the country, with its surroundings and several thermal baths. The aim of our paper is to analyze the tendencies of Hungarian tourism, focusing on the festivals, and to follow the changes of the tourism strategies, as well as the direct and indirect effects of the development of the tourism industry on the economic growth of the country. In order to prepare our study, we have collected information on tourism from the Central Statistical Office, from the organizers of the different festivals throughout the country and from the National Tourism Office. Based on our research, we intend to draw consequences on the sector and define recommendations for further developments, because we believe that festivals can be the solution for the sustainable economic and social development of several rural areas, providing income for a huge part of population in the countryside.
How to read Tristram Shandy
Authors: De Voogd Peter 
Published: January 2014

Tristram Shandy fut publié en cinq étapes sur un peu plus de sept ans, et ne fut pas conçu initialement comme un roman au sens moderne de ce mot, ce dont toute lecture doit en tenir compte. Cet article qui s’adresse au
lecteur novice, s’attache à des aspects souvent négligés de l’art de Sterne et propose un panorama des cadres qui permettent de définir l’une des oeuvres
les plus déroutantes de la littérature anglaise.
Tristram Shandy à mots comptés
Authors: Bandry-Scubbi Anne 
Published: January 2014

This article relies on computer-aided textual analysis to examine the distribution of key terms and of specific typographical signs in Tristram Shandy so as to highlight some features of Sterne’s writing.
This is done by focussing on the evolution of these aspects over the nine
volumes, by comparing Sterne’s text with other eighteenth-century works of fiction and by taking into account contemporary reactions to the different instalments. The article first investigates the manner in which Sterne maintained his reputation of making his pages unconventional, notably by his use of dashes, asterisks and chapters. The vocabulary is then probed into by analysing the distribution of hapax legomena and of very frequent words. Confronting imitative texts with Tristram Shandy in a quantitative approach also helps to find out some of the proportions which make Shandean writing unique.
La Théâtralité dans l’oeuvre de Jane Austen
Authors: Goubert Pierre 
Published: January 2014

Il est difficile de ne pas être immédiatement sensible à la théâtralité des romans de Jane Austen. Les conversations abondent. Le
bavardage s’y donne libre cours. Mais cette théâtralité est davantage liée
qu’il n’y paraît à la structure même des ouvrages. Les dialogues nous découvrent les caractères. Les paroles influent sur le cours des événements. L’héroïne est sur la scène un témoin, comme dans les pièces de Sheridan,
auquel l’auteur confie le rôle d’aider le lecteur à mieux juger les comportements.
Héritage biblique et emblématique : le Minerva Britanna de Peacham comme art de méditation
Authors: Chardin Jean-Jacques 
Published: January 2014

Henry Peacham’s Minerva Britanna (1612) mostly teaches the great lessons of Christian thought (temperance, virtue, compassion). The moral tuition relies upon an intense biblical intertext and quotations from the Fathers, in both poems and paratext, as in «Temperantia». The emblems also resort to the christianization of classical myths : «Divina misericordia» offers a reading of the myth of Prometheus already propounded by
Valeriano’s Hieroglyphica (1556) and Bacon’s De Sapientia veterum. The pictures redevelop the message of the texts. In «Divina misericordia», the
victim’s tortured body conveys a sense of compassion and then of Love in the reader’s heart. The pictures operate as figurations of concepts remaining
out of reach without their mediation. They are founded on a hierarchy between the visible and the intelligible and borrow from St Paul’s theology
(one can see only as through a looking glass, darkly). The reading of emblems is an art of meditation understood as intellectual operation and spiritual awakening.
Transmission des progrès scientifiques en Europe au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Gofstein Claude 
Published: January 2014

The transmission of knowledge, in the field of sciences in particular, reached a climax during the Enlightenment, through academies, the exchange of scientific journals, the creation of libraries and contacts within the European scientific community. Examples are Peter the Great’s Grand
Embassy to Europe, which made it possible for Russia to expand its scientific community and set up the Saint Petersburg Academy of Science, Lavoisier’s
invention of modern chemistry, and Jenner’sdiscovery of the vaccination against smallpox, which ultimately eradicated the disease, saving tens of millions of lives in Europe and the United States.
Thyroxine mimetics
Authors: Salam Randa F. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Thyroid hormones influence heart rate, serum lipids, metabolic rate, body weight, and multiple aspects of lipid, carbohydrate, protein, and mineral metabolism. Although increased thyroid hormone levels can improve serum lipid profiles and reduce fat, these positive effects are counterbalanced by the harmful effects on the heart, muscle, and bone. Thus, attempts to use thyroid hormones for cholesterol-lowering and weight loss purposes have so far been limited. However, over the past decade, thyroid hormone analogs that are capable of uncoupling the beneficial effects from the deleterious effects have been developed. Such drugs could serve as powerful new tools to address two of the largest medical problems, namely atherosclerosis and obesity. Aggressive reduction in LDL-cholesterol by the use of statins is a cornerstone of preventive cardiovascular risk, but additional therapies to prevent atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae are still needed. Thyromimetics selective for the liver or the thyroid hormone receptor isoform β1 constitute a novel approach to treat dyslipidemia. In preclinical studies, selective thyromimetics were clearly shown to reduce plasma cholesterol and protect from atherosclerosis through the upregulation of hepatic LDL receptor and promotion of the so-called reverse cholesterol transport. Notably, there is the first evidence from on-going clinical trials that selective thyromimetics may reduce plasma cholesterol in humans also. Most importantly, thyromimetics has a synergistic action when used in combination with 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl CoA reductase inhibitors. Animal data have further suggested that thyromimetics might be useful in the treatment of obesity, hepatic steatosis, and atherosclerosis.
Evolution and natural selection: learning by playing and reflecting
Authors: Herrero David , del Castillo Héctor , Monjelat Natalia , García-Varela Ana Belén , Checa Mirian , Gómez Patricia 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Scientific literacy is more than the simple reproduction of traditional school science knowledge and requires a set of skills, among them identifying scientific issues, explaining phenomena scientifically and using scientific evidence. Several studies have indicated that playing computer games in the classroom can support the development of studentsʼ conceptual understanding about scientific phenomena and theories.
Our paper presents a research study where the role of the video game Spore as a learning tool was analysed in a Biology class. An ethnographical perspective served as the framework for the organization and development of a workshop comprised of five sessions with 22 4th grade students, and their Biology teacher.
The results show that this video game could become an interesting learning tool to improve studentsʼ understanding of evolution and natural selection. The students could combine their previous knowledge with the academic knowledge obtained though the simulation presented by the video game.
To sum up, an attempt has been made to give some empirical guidance about effective approaches to the utilisation of games in classrooms, additionally paying attention to a number of concerns related to the effectiveness of video games as learning tools.
Evaluating stereotactic accuracy with patient‐specific MRI distortion corrections for frame‐based radiosurgery
Authors: Knill Cory , Halford Robert , Sandhu Raminder , Loughery Brian , Shamim Sharjil , Junn Fred , Lee Kuei , Almahariq Muayad , Seymour Zachary 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study examines how MRI distortions affect frame‐based SRS treatments and assesses the need for clinical distortion corrections.MethodsThe study included 18 patients with 80 total brain targets treated using frame‐based radiosurgery. Distortion within patients' MRIs were corrected using Cranial Distortion Correction (CDC) software, which utilizes the patient's CT to alter planning MRIs to reduce inherent intra‐cranial distortion. Distortion was evaluated by comparing the original planning target volumes (PTVORIG) to targets contoured on corrected MRIs (PTVCORR). To provide an internal control, targets were also re‐contoured on uncorrected (PTVRECON) MRIs. Additional analysis was done to assess if 1 mm expansions to PTVORIG targets would compensate for patient‐specific distortions. Changes in target volumes, DICE and JACCARD similarity coefficients, minimum PTV dose (Dmin), dose to 95% of the PTV (D95%), and normal tissue receiving 12 Gy (V12Gy), 10 Gy (V10Gy), and 5 Gy (V5Gy) were calculated and evaluated. Student's t‐tests were used to determine if changes in PTVCORR were significantly different than intra‐contouring variability quantified by PTVRECON.ResultsPTVRECON and PTVCORR relative changes in volume were 6.19% ± 10.95% and 1.48% ± 32.92%. PTVRECON and PTVCORR similarity coefficients were 0.90 ± 0.08 and 0.73 ± 0.16 for DICE and 0.82 ± 0.12 and 0.60 ± 0.18 for JACCARD. PTVRECON and PTVCORR changes in Dmin were –0.88% ± 8.77% and −12.9 ± 17.3%. PTVRECON and PTVCORR changes in D95% were −0.34% ± 5.89 and −8.68% ± 13.21%. The 1 mm expanded PTVORIG targets did not entirely cover 14 of the 80 PTVCORR targets. Normal tissue changes (V12Gy, V10Gy, V5Gy) calculated with PTVRECON were (−0.09% ± 7.39%, −0.38% ± 5.67%, −0.08% ± 2.04%) and PTVCORR were (−2.14% ± 7.34%, −1.42% ± 5.45%, −0.61% ± 1.93%). Except for V10Gy, all PTVCORR changes were significantly different (p < 0.05) than PTVRECON.ConclusionMRIs used for SRS target delineation exhibit notable geometric distortions that may compromise optimal dosimetric accuracy. A uniform 1 mm expansion may result in geometric misses; however, the CDC algorithm provides a feasible solution for rectifying distortions, thereby enhancing treatment precision.
Development of an Ultrasound Imaging Atlas for Grading Osteoarthritis in the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint
Authors: Molyneux Prue , Bowen Catherine , Ellis Richard , Rome Keith , Fitzgerald Kate , Clark Phillip , Whittaker Jackie L. , Dando Charlotte , Gee Richard , Carroll Matthew 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveUltrasound (US) imaging may play a fundamental role in the earlier detection and assessment of first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) osteoarthritis (OA) because of its ability to depict tissue‐specific morphologic changes before the point of irreversible structural damage. However, the role of US in supporting the diagnosis of OA in foot joints has not been clearly defined. The aims of this study were to develop a semiquantitative US atlas (the AUT ultrasound imaging [AUTUSI] atlas) to grade the degree of osteoarthritic change in the first MTPJ and to evaluate the intraexaminer and interexaminer reproducibility of using the atlas.MethodsUS images were obtained from 57 participants (30 participants with radiographically confirmed first MTPJ OA). The AUTUSI atlas supports the examination of grading joint effusion, synovial hypertrophy, synovitis, osteophytes, joint space narrowing, and cartilage thickness. Six examiners used the atlas to independently grade 24 US images across 2 sessions. Intraexaminer and interexaminer reproducibility were determined using percentage agreement and Gwet's AC2.ResultsObservations using the AUTUSI atlas demonstrated almost perfect‐to‐perfect interexaminer agreement (percentage agreement ranged from 96% to 100%, and Gwet's AC2 values ranged from 0.81 to 1.00) and moderate‐to‐perfect intraexaminer agreement (percentage agreement ranged from 67% to 100%, and Gwet's AC2 values ranged from 0.54 to 1.00).ConclusionThe AUTUSI atlas demonstrated excellent intraexaminer and interexaminer reproducibility for evaluating first MTPJ joint effusion, synovial hypertrophy, synovitis, joint space narrowing, osteophytes, and cartilage thickness. The AUTUSI atlas affords an opportunity to detect prognostic markers of OA earlier in the disease cascade and has the potential to advance understanding of the pathologic process of first MTPJ OA.
Visible Light‐Responsive Polyphenolic Bio‐Glues for Oral Mucosal Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Hengjie , Zhang Jianhua , Wang Tianyou , Li Haotian , Zhang Rong , Chen Xianchun , Gu Zhipeng , Li Yiwen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough bio‐adhesives have achieved many progresses, creating robust bio‐glues that could withstand the complex physiological microenvironment remains a significant challenge such as limited bioadhesion strength and stability, as well as slow adhesion speed caused by pH, enzymes, salt, and bacteria. Herein, a series of strong bio‐glues are successfully fabricated using a polyphenol–acrylamide–ruthenium crosslinking (PARC) reaction under visible light irradiation, involving acrylamides radical polymerization, polyphenols (extracts) coupling reaction, and ruthenium‐mediated photochemistry. The resulting bio‐glues underwent rapid sol–gel transition and exhibited adhesive properties within a short of time (≈5 s), which could quickly bond to various bio‐tissues. Moreover, these bioadhesives demonstrate high adhesion strength and stability with mucosal tissue in the oral environment, effectively promoting rat and pig oral mucosal wound healing. It is anticipated that this class of visible light‐responsive polyphenolic bio‐glues could serve as a robust tool for addressing oral mucosal defects in the clinic, offering a promising alternative to traditional treatments for oral mucosal disorders.
Zwitterion‐Separated Ion Pair Dominated Additive‐Electrolyte Structure for Ultra‐Stable Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries
Authors: Deng Siting , Sun Yilun , Yang Zimin , Wu Mingqiang , Tong Hao , Nie Xinbin , Su Yifan , Li Jianwei , Chai Guoliang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising for large‐scale energy storage due to the advantages of high safety, high theoretical capacity, and cost‐effectiveness. However, the stability of AZIBs is poor (generally 50–100 cycles) at low current densities due to side reactions. Here, choline glycerophosphate (CGP) is introduced as a zwitterion additive to improve performance of AZIBs. The CGP helps to form a new solvated structure of Zn2+, named zwitterion‐separated ion pair (ZSIP) structure that can link OTf− ion and repel H2O molecular. In addition, CGP can be adsorbed on anode to suppress formation of by‐products ZnxOTfy(OH)2x‐y·nH2O, and on cathode to inhibit Zn3(OH)2V2O7·2H2O phase generation. Consequently, the Zn||Cu cell shows an excellent average Coulombic efficiency of 99.79% over 800 cycles at 1 mA cm−2 and 0.5 mAh cm−2. Impressively, the Zn//NH4V4O10 battery demonstrates exceptional capacity retention of 95% along with a high specific capacity of 409.3 mAh g−1 after 350 cycles under a trickle (dis)charge process (0.2 A g−1) and an ultra‐long lifespan of 14 000 cycles at 5 A g−1 along with a high specific capacity of 217 mAh g−1. The concept of ZSIP opens a new avenue for developing aqueous batteries with high performance and long stability in the future.
Nanotechnology‐Mediated Immunomodulation Strategy for Inflammation Resolution
Authors: Li Ying , Liu Wen , Wang Yuanchao , Liu Taotao , Feng Yakai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInflammation serves as a common characteristic across a wide range of diseases and plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. Inflammation can lead to tissue damage and the onset of inflammatory diseases. Although significant progress is made in anti‐inflammation in recent years, the current clinical approaches mainly rely on the systemic administration of corticosteroids and antibiotics, which only provide short‐term relief. Recently, immunomodulatory approaches have emerged as promising strategies for facilitating the resolution of inflammation. Especially, the advanced nanosystems with unique biocompatibility and multifunctionality have provided an ideal platform for immunomodulation. In this review, the pathophysiology of inflammation and current therapeutic strategies are summarized. It is mainly focused on the nanomedicines that modulate the inflammatory signaling pathways, inflammatory cells, oxidative stress, and inflammation targeting. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of nanomaterials in addressing inflammation are also discussed. The nanotechnology‐mediated immunomodulation will open a new treatment strategy for inflammation therapy.
Smart Response Biomaterials for Pain Management
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Guan Mengtong , Yi Weiwei , Li Xinhe , Ding Xiaoqian , He Yi , Han Wang , Wang Zijie , Tang Qiuyu , Liao Bo , Shen Jieliang , Han Xiaoyu , Bai Dingqun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe intricate nature of pain classification and mechanism constantly affects the recovery of diseases and the well‐being of patients. Key medical challenges persist in devising effective pain management strategies. Therefore, a comprehensive review of relevant methods and research advancements in pain management is conducted. This overview covers the main categorization of pain and its developmental mechanism, followed by a review of pertinent research and techniques for managing pain. These techniques include commonly prescribed medications, invasive procedures, and noninvasive physical therapy methods used in rehabilitation medicine. Additionally, for the first time, a systematic summary of the utilization of responsive biomaterials in pain management is provided, encompassing their response to physical stimuli such as ultrasound, magnetic fields, electric fields, light, and temperature, as well as changes in the physiological environment like reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pH. Even though the application of responsive biomaterials in pain management remains limited and at a fundamental level, recent years have seen the examination and debate of relevant research findings. These profound discussions aim to provide trends and directions for future research in pain management.