bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward and One‐Pot Synthesis of Bifunctional Phosphorus Betti Bases under Solvent‐Free Conditions via Phosphine Oxide Component.
Authors: Liu Fengjiao , Li Guozhu , Jiang Jie , Zheng Fangying , Wu Mingshu 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOptimized reaction conditions allow the synthesis of the title species via condensation of 2‐naphthol, aromatic aldehydes, and diphenylphosphine oxide.
ChemInform Abstract: Templated Synthesis for Nanoarchitectured Porous Materials
Authors: Malgras Victor , Ji Qingmin , Kamachi Yuichiro , Mori Taizo , Shieh Fa‐Kuen , Wu Kevin C.‐W. , Ariga Katsuhiko , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: November 2015

AbstractReview: 386 refs.
An efficient and energy stable scheme for a phase‐field model for the moving contact line problem
Authors: Aland Sebastian , Chen Feng 
Published: November 2015

SummaryIn this paper, we propose for the first time a linearly coupled, energy stable scheme for the Navier–Stokes–Cahn–Hilliard system with generalized Navier boundary condition. We rigorously prove the unconditional energy stability for the proposed time discretization as well as for a fully discrete finite element scheme. Using numerical tests, we verify the accuracy, confirm the decreasing property of the discrete energy, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our method through numerical simulations in both 2‐D and 3‐D. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of Near Neighbour and Neural Network in Travel Forecasting
Authors: Olmedo Elena 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper we confirm the existence of nonlinear dynamics in a time series of airport arrivals. We subsequently propose alternative non‐parametric forecasting techniques to be used in a travel forecasting problem, emphasizing the difference between the reconstruction and learning approach. We compare the results achieved in point prediction versus sign prediction. The reconstruction approach offers better results in sign prediction and the learning approach in point prediction. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Pass‐through of Exchange Rate in the Context of the European Sovereign Debt Crisis
Authors: Ben Cheikh Nidhaleddine , Rault Christophe 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates whether exchange rate pass‐through (ERPT) into import prices is a nonlinear phenomenon for five heavily indebted Euro area countries, namely the so‐called GIIPS group (Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain). Using logistic smooth transition models, we explore the existence of nonlinearity with respect to sovereign bond yield spreads (versus the German bund) as an indicator of confidence crisis/macroeconomic instability. Our results provide strong evidence that the extent of ERPT is higher in periods of macroeconomic distress, that is, when sovereign bond yield spreads exceed a given threshold. For almost all the GIIPS countries, we reveal that the increase in macroeconomic instability and the loss of confidence during the recent sovereign debt crisis have entailed higher sensitivity of import prices to exchange rate movements. For instance, the rate of pass‐through in Greece is equal to 0.66% when the yield differential is below 2.13%, but beyond this threshold level, the sensitivity of import prices becomes higher and reaches full ERPT. Our findings raise the serious question of whether the exchange rate could be an effective tool to boost the trade balance and prevent deflationary threats when financial crisis hits. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bridging contributions to polyelectrolyte brush collapse in multivalent salt solutions
Authors: Brettmann Blair Kathryn , Laugel Nicolas , Hoffmann Norman , Pincus Philip , Tirrell Matthew 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTPolyelectrolyte brushes are essential in many aspects of surface functionality, particularly for colloidal stabilization and lubrication in biological and materials science applications. It has been shown experimentally that the brushes undergo an abrupt shrinkage in the presence of multivalent counter‐ions. This transition is studied here using a phenomenological mean‐field approach with a model that specifically includes bridging of the polyelectrolyte chains by the multiple charges on the multivalent counter‐ions. Using an energy balance represented by the sum of electrostatic, polymeric and entropic mean‐field terms, additional parameterized phenomenological terms are introduced for counter‐ion condensation and for the attractive interaction between adjacent polyelectrolyte chains to account for the bridging effect. The free energy is minimized with respect to the counter‐ion populations and the brush height. In agreement with experimental observations, increasing the concentration of multivalent ions leads to a sharp collapse of the polyelectrolyte brush height. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 284–291
New π‐Conjugated polymers containing 4H,4′H‐[1,1′‐Bithieno [3,4‐C]Pyrrole]‐4,4′,6,6′(5H,5′H)‐Tetraone (biTPD) units and their application to thin‐Film transistors and photovoltaic cells
Authors: Lee Dae Hee , Kim Kyung Hwan , Shin Jicheol , Cho Min Ju , Choi Dong Hoon 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTWe successfully synthesized new D‐A copolymers that employ 1,10‐bithienopyrrolodione (biTPD), thiophene, and selenophene‐based donor monomeric units. Two polymers, PBTPDEBT and PBTPDEBS, exhibited high degrees of crystallinity and unique polymer chain arrangements on the substrate, which is attributed to their enhanced coplanarity and intermolecular interactions between the polymer chains. Among the thin‐film transistor devices made of PBTPDEBT and PBTPDEBS, the annealed PBTPDEBS device displayed relatively high hole mobility, which was twice that of the PBTPDEBT‐based device. In addition, an organic photovoltaic device based on a PBTPDEBS:PC71BM blend displayed the maximum power conversion efficiency of 3.85%. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 1228–1235
Evidence for formation of self‐trapped excitons in a β‐Ga2O3 single crystal
Authors: Yamaoka Suguru , Nakayama Masaaki 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe have investigated photoluminescence (PL) and absorption properties of a β‐Ga2O3single crystal from the viewpoint of the stability of self‐trapped excitons (STEs). A broad PL band with a large Stokes shift, which is conventionally assigned to the STE, was observed. To reveal the stability of the STE, we precisely measured the temperature dependence of the Urbach tails in absorption spectra. It was confirmed that the Urbach tails at all temperatures converge into a specific point, which verifies the validity of the treatment of the Urbach tail. We analysed the temperature dependence of the exponential slope, the so‐called steepness constant, of the Urbach tail and evaluated the exciton‐phonon coupling constant g, which defines the stability of the STE, to be g = 5.4. Based on a previously reported theory for exciton‐phonon interactions, g > 1 generally results in that the STE is a stable state relative to a free exciton. Consequently, the above large g factor demonstrates that the STE formation is stable in β‐Ga2O3. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The virtual intestine: in silico modeling of small intestinal electrophysiology and motility and the applications
Authors: Du Peng , Paskaranandavadivel Niranchan , Angeli Timothy R. , Cheng Leo K. , O'Grady Gregory 
Published: November 2015

The intestine comprises a long hollow muscular tube organized in anatomically and functionally discrete compartments, which digest and absorb nutrients and water from ingested food. The intestine also plays key roles in the elimination of waste and protection from infection. Critical to all of these functions is the intricate, highly coordinated motion of the intestinal tract, known as motility, which is coregulated by hormonal, neural, electrophysiological and other factors. The Virtual Intestine encapsulates a series of mathematical models of intestinal function in health and disease, with a current focus on motility, and particularly electrophysiology. The Virtual Intestine is being cohesively established across multiple physiological scales, from sub/cellular functions to whole organ levels, facilitating quantitative evaluations that present an integrative in silico framework. The models are also now finding broad physiological applications, including in evaluating hypotheses of slow wave pacemaker mechanisms, smooth muscle electrophysiology, structure–function relationships, and electromechanical coupling. Clinical applications are also beginning to follow, including in the pathophysiology of motility disorders, diagnosing intestinal ischemia, and visualizing colonic dysfunction. These advances illustrate the emerging potential of the Virtual Intestine to effectively address multiscale research challenges in interdisciplinary gastrointestinal sciences. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2016, 8:69–85. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1324This article is categorized under:

Analytical and Computational Methods > Computational Methods
Physiology > Mammalian Physiology in Health and Disease
Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Organ, Tissue, and Physiological Models
Surface Active Properties and Biological Activities of Novel Anionic Surfactant Based on Oxapyridazinone Derivatives
Authors: El‐Shahawi Manal Mohamed , Shalaby Alyaa Abou Sheashaa , Gabre Adel Mohy El‐Din , Ghonim Abd El‐Hamed Mahmoud 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA series of novel oxapyridazinone derivatives has been synthesized via cyclization of the corresponding sodium salt of α‐sulfonated fatty acid hydrazide with chloroacetic acid in the presence of sodium acetate and acetic anhydride. The structures of the prepared compounds were elucidated using different spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The surface properties (surface tension, CMC value and area per molecule), the thermodynamic stability and antimicrobial activities of the prepared compounds were determined and compared to standard trade material Texapone® N‐70. The prepared compounds exhibit surface activity comparable to the standard and thus can be used as anionic surfactants.
Caregivers’ nutrition knowledge and attitudes are associated with household food diversity and children’s animal source food intake across different agro-ecological zones in Ghana
Authors: Christian Aaron K. , Marquis Grace S. , Colecraft Esi K. , Lartey Anna , Sakyi-Dawson Owuraku , Ahunu Ben K. , Butler Lorna M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCaregivers’ nutrition knowledge and attitudes may influence the variety of foods available in the household and the quality of children’s diets. To test the link, this study collected data on caregivers’ (n 608) nutrition knowledge and feeding attitudes as well as the diets of their household and of their 2–5-year-old children in twelve rural communities nested in the three main agro-ecological zones of Ghana. Household foods and children’s animal source foods (ASF) consumed in the past 7 d were categorised into one of fourteen and ten groups, respectively. About 28 % of caregivers believed that their children needed to be fed only 2–3 times/d. Reasons for having adult supervision during child meal times, feeding diverse foods, prioritising a child to receive ASF and the perceived child benefits of ASF differed across zones (P<0·001). Households with caregivers belonging to the highest tertile of nutrition knowledge and attitude scores consumed more diverse diets compared with those of caregivers in the lowest tertile group (11·2 (sd 2·2) v. 10·0 (sd 2·4); P<0·001). After controlling for the effect of agro-ecological zone, caregivers’ nutrition knowledge and feeding attitudes positively predicted household dietary diversity and the frequency and diversity of children’s ASF intakes (P<0·001). The number of years of formal education of caregivers also positively predicted household dietary diversity and children’s ASF diversity (P<0·001). A key component to improving child nutrition is to understand the context-specific nutrition knowledge and feeding attitudes in order to identify relevant interventions.
Insiders and outsiders: policy and care workers in Taiwan's long-term care system
Authors: CHEN CHEN-FEN 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTAs in many developed countries, foreign care-givers have made up a short-term labour force to help shoulder the responsibilities of older adult care in Taiwan since 1992. This study uses the dual labour market and the occupational segregation theoretical frameworks and a mixed-method approach to examine whether foreign care-givers are supplementary or have replaced Taiwanese care-givers in Taiwan's long-term care (LTC) industry, and to understand better the status of care workers and their influx into the secondary labour market. As of 2012, 189,373 foreign workers joined the care services, compared to 7,079 Taiwanese, indicating they are no longer supplementary. The gap between the dual care system and workforce regulation has resulted in occupation segregation, and the secondary care labour market has been divided into ‘institutional’ and ‘home’ spheres, segregating care-givers into three levels: all Taiwanese care-givers, foreign institutional care-givers, and foreign home care-givers, the latter being the cheapest, most obedient and most adaptable LTC products. This case exhibits the ‘particularistic’ associations between nationality and care-givers’ workplace, which should be abolished. Only by squarely facing the changes and impacts caused by importing workers into the secondary labour market can one propose concrete, effective LTC labour plans and retention policies.
MYC-induced reprogramming of glutamine catabolism supports optimal virus replication
Authors: Thai Minh , Thaker Shivani K. , Feng Jun , Du Yushen , Hu Hailiang , Ting Wu Ting , Graeber Thomas G. , Braas Daniel , Christofk Heather R. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractViruses rewire host cell glucose and glutamine metabolism to meet the bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of viral propagation. However, the mechanism by which viruses reprogram glutamine metabolism and the metabolic fate of glutamine during adenovirus infection have remained elusive. Here, we show MYC activation is necessary for adenovirus-induced upregulation of host cell glutamine utilization and increased expression of glutamine transporters and glutamine catabolism enzymes. Adenovirus-induced MYC activation promotes increased glutamine uptake, increased use of glutamine in reductive carboxylation and increased use of glutamine in generating hexosamine pathway intermediates and specific amino acids. We identify glutaminase (GLS) as a critical enzyme for optimal adenovirus replication and demonstrate that GLS inhibition decreases replication of adenovirus, herpes simplex virus 1 and influenza A in cultured primary cells. Our findings show that adenovirus-induced reprogramming of glutamine metabolism through MYC activation promotes optimal progeny virion generation, and suggest that GLS inhibitors may be useful therapeutically to reduce replication of diverse viruses.
Magnetite nanoparticles facilitate methane production from ethanol via acting as electron acceptors
Authors: Yang Zhiman , Shi Xiaoshuang , Wang Chuanshui , Wang Lin , Guo Rongbo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPotential for interspecies hydrogen transfer within paddy soil enrichments obtained via addition of magnetite nanoparticles and ethanol (named as PEM) was investigated. To do this, PEM derived from rice field of Hangzhou (named as PEM-HZ) was employed, because it offered the best methane production performance. Methane production and Fe (III) reduction proceeded in parallel in the presence of magnetite. Inhibition experiments with 2-bromoethane sulfonate (BES) or phosphate showed that interspecies hydrogen transfer and Fe (III) reduction also occurred in methane production from ethanol. 16S rRNA-based Illumina sequencing results showed that Dechloromonas, Thauera, Desulfovibrio and Clostridium were the dominant putative Fe (III) -reducers and that hydrogenotrophic Methanobacterium accounted for about 88% of the total archaeal community. These results indicated that magnetite nanoparticles that acted as electron acceptor could facilitate rapid oxidation of ethanol by members of the Fe (III) -reducers in PEM-HZ and establishment of the syntrophic relationship of Fe (III) -reducers with Methanobacterium via interspecies hydrogen transfer. Our results could offer a model to understand the microbial interaction with magnetite from a novel angle during methanogenesis.
Ocean acidification and global warming impair shark hunting behaviour and growth
Authors: Pistevos Jennifer C. A. , Nagelkerken Ivan , Rossi Tullio , Olmos Maxime , Connell Sean D. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAlterations in predation pressure can have large effects on trophically-structured systems. Modification of predator behaviour via ocean warming has been assessed by laboratory experimentation and metabolic theory. However, the influence of ocean acidification with ocean warming remains largely unexplored for mesopredators, including experimental assessments that incorporate key components of the assemblages in which animals naturally live. We employ a combination of long-term laboratory and mesocosm experiments containing natural prey and habitat to assess how warming and acidification affect the development, growth and hunting behaviour in sharks. Although embryonic development was faster due to temperature, elevated temperature and CO2 had detrimental effects on sharks by not only increasing energetic demands, but also by decreasing metabolic efficiency and reducing their ability to locate food through olfaction. The combination of these effects led to considerable reductions in growth rates of sharks held in natural mesocosms with elevated CO2, either alone or in combination with higher temperature. Our results suggest a more complex reality for predators, where ocean acidification reduces their ability to effectively hunt and exert strong top-down control over food webs.
Loss resilience for two-qubit state transmission using distributed phase sensitive amplification
Authors: Dailey James M. , Agarwal Anjali , Toliver Paul , Peters Nicholas A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe transmit phase-encoded non-orthogonal quantum states through a 5-km long fibre-based distributed optical phase-sensitive amplifier (OPSA) using telecom-wavelength photonic qubit pairs. The gain is set to equal the transmission loss to probabilistically preserve input states during transmission. While neither state is optimally aligned to the OPSA, each input state is equally amplified with no measurable degradation in state quality. These results promise a new approach to reduce the effects of loss by encoding quantum information in a two-qubit Hilbert space which is designed to benefit from transmission through an OPSA.
Embryo development in association with asymbiotic seed germination in vitro of Paphiopedilum armeniacum S. C. Chen et F. Y. Liu
Authors: Zhang Yan-Yan , Wu Kun-Lin , Zhang Jian-Xia , Deng Ru-Fang , Duan Jun , Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. , Huang Wei-Chang , Zeng Song-Jun 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper documents the key anatomical features during the development ofP. armeniacumzygotic embryos and their ability to germinate asymbioticallyin vitro. This study also examines the effect of media and seed pretreatments on seed germination and subsequent seedling growth. Seeds collected from pods 45 days after pollination (DAP) did not germinate while 95 DAP seeds displayed the highest seed germination percentage (96.2%). Most seedlings (50%) developed to stage 5 from 110 DAP seeds whose compact testa had not yet fully formed. Suspensor cells were vacuolated, which enabled the functional uptake of nutrients. The optimum basal medium for seed germination and subsequent protocorm development was eighth-strength Murashige and Skoog (1/8MS) for 95 DAP seeds and ¼MS for 110 DAP seeds. Poor germination was displayed by 140 DAP seeds with a compact testa. Pretreatment of dry mature seeds (180 DAP) with 1.0% sodium hypochlorite solution for 90 min or 40 kHz of ultrasound for 8 min improved germination percentage from 0 to 29.2% or to 19.7%, respectively. Plantlets that were at least 5 cm in height were transplanted to a Zhijing stone substrate for orchids and 85.3% of plantlets survived 180 days after transplanting.
Mealybug species from Chilean agricultural landscapes and main factors influencing the genetic structure of Pseudococcus viburni
Authors: Correa Margarita C. G. , Lombaert Eric , Malausa Thibaut , Crochard Didier , Alvear Andrés , Zaviezo Tania , Palero Ferran 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe present study aimed to characterize the distribution of mealybug species along Chilean agro-ecosystems and to determine the relative impact of host plant, management strategy, geography and micro-environment on shaping the distribution and genetic structure of the obscure mealybugPseudococcus viburni. An extensive survey was completed using DNA barcoding methods to identify Chilean mealybugs to the species level. Moreover, a fine-scale study ofPs. viburnigenetic diversity and population structure was carried out, genotyping 529Ps. viburniindividuals with 21 microsatellite markers. Samples from 16 localities were analyzed using Bayesian and spatially-explicit methods and the genetic dataset was confronted to host-plant, management and environmental data. Chilean crops were found to be infested byPs. viburni, Pseudococcus meridionalis, Pseudococcus longispinusandPlanococcus citri, withPs. viburniandPs. meridionalisshowing contrasting distribution and host-plant preference patterns.Ps. viburnisamples presented low genetic diversity levels but high genetic differentiation. While no significant genetic variance could be assigned to host-plant or management strategy, climate and geography were found to correlate significantly with genetic differentiation levels. The genetic characterization ofPs. viburniwithin Chile will contribute to future studies tracing back the origin and improving the management of this worldwide invader.
Regulation of iron homeostasis by the p53-ISCU pathway
Authors: Funauchi Yuki , Tanikawa Chizu , Yi Lo Paulisally Hau , Mori Jinichi , Daigo Yataro , Takano Atsushi , Miyagi Yohei , Okawa Atsushi , Nakamura Yusuke , Matsuda Koichi 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAccumulation of iron in tissues increases the risk of cancer, but iron regulatory mechanisms in cancer tissues are largely unknown. Here, we report that p53 regulates iron metabolism through the transcriptional regulation of ISCU (iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme), which encodes a scaffold protein that plays a critical role in Fe-S cluster biogenesis. p53 activation induced ISCU expression through binding to an intronic p53-binding site. Knockdown of ISCU enhanced the binding of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1), a cytosolic Fe-S protein, to an iron-responsive element in the 5′ UTR of ferritin heavy polypeptide 1 (FTH1) mRNA and subsequently reduced the translation of FTH1, a major iron storage protein. In addition, in response to DNA damage, p53 induced FTH1 and suppressed transferrin receptor, which regulates iron entry into cells. HCT116 p53+/+ cells were resistant to iron accumulation, but HCT116 p53−/− cells accumulated intracellular iron after DNA damage. Moreover, excess dietary iron caused significant elevation of serum iron levels in p53−/− mice. ISCU expression was decreased in the majority of human liver cancer tissues and its reduced expression was significantly associated with p53 mutation. Our finding revealed a novel role of the p53-ISCU pathway in the maintenance of iron homeostasis in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.