bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Relationship Between Morphea and Malignancy: A Decade-Long Single- Center Study of 204 Patients
Authors: Lyakhovitsky Keren , Damiani Giovanni , Mimouni Daniel , Aronovich Anna 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The association between systemic scleroderma and malignancy is well-documented, but there is limited data on the relationship between morphea and malignancy. This study aims to assess the incidence and types of malignancies in morphea patients, comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes between those with and without malignancy. We conducted a retrospective study of 204 morphea patients treated at Rabin Medical Center between 2012 and 2023. Data on demographics, clinical subtypes, comorbidities, treatments, and outcomes were collected. Patients were categorized based on malignancy status and the timing of malignancy relative to their morphea diagnosis. Among the 204 patients (154 women and 50 men, mean age 53.7 ± 20 years), 47 (23%) developed malignancies. In 29 patients (61.7%), malignancy occurred before the onset of morphea; in 23 patients (48.9%), it occurred after morphea. Five patients (10.6%) had malignancies both before and after the diagnosis of morphea. Patients with malignancy were significantly older than those without (64.7 ± 15.1 years vs. 50.3 ± 20 years, p < 0.0001). The all-cause mortality rate was higher in the malignancy group compared to those without malignancy (23.4% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.00002). Moreover, mortality was higher in patients whose malignancy occurred after morphea than in those whose malignancy preceded morphea (26% vs. 17.2%). The most common post-morphea malignancies included non-melanoma skin cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer, and lung cancer. The most common pre-morphea malignancies included breast cancer, non-melanoma skin cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and testicular cancer. This study highlights a bidirectional link between morphea and malignancies, influenced by patient age, sequence of diagnosis, and treatment regimens. Vigilant monitoring for malignancy, early detection, and effective management strategies are crucial for improving outcomes in morphea patients.
WITHDRAWN: Adaptive, Centralized and Combined Load Shedding Scheme to Improve Power System Stability
Authors: Mehrabi Kazem , Farhadi-Kangarlu Mohammad , Toosi Behrooz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Voltage and frequency collapses represent one of the main issues in power systems. Various corrective equipment is used to maintain the stability of the system and prevent its collapse. Load shedding is the last resort and method of maintaining stability in power systems. Frequency and voltage load-shedding programs are usually considered independent of each other. Investigating and analyzing instabilities separately is not reasonable, and in most events, instabilities are interrelated. Therefore, a new combined load-shedding scheme is proposed using wide-area measurement units. The new proposed scheme considers the types of instability of voltage and frequency and shows the mutual effect of these parameters on the instability of the power system. According to the data sent by wide area measurement systems from different areas of the network to the control center, a suitable adaptive load-shedding program is applied. The proposed scheme is simulated in a real network and its results will be evaluated and compared with other schemes.
Confidence in Comparing Two Models with F1 Measure Based on Block-regularized m x 2 Cross Validation
Authors: Xue Yan , Wang Yu , Yang Xingli , Li Jihong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the task of comparing two models, evaluating the confidence of a model outperforming another one in terms of F1 measure is a challenging problem from a probability perspective. Existing works used the distributions of the averaged cross-validated estimators of F1 measure over confusion matrices to induce different estimators of the confidence. However, such estimators of the confidence frequently possess inherent biases because of the deviation of the distributions of the averaged cross-validated estimators. To overcome the weakness, in this study, a voted confusion matrix is obtained through aggregating m models in a block-regularized m x 2 cross validation with a majority-vote technique. Over the voted confusion matrix, an accurate distribution of the estimator of F1 measure and a novel estimator of the confidence are developed. Several theoretical results are obtained. (a) The confidence is controlled by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the estimator of F1 measure; (b) a higher value of the SNR probably indicates a better confidence; and (c) the SNR of the voted estimator increases with an increasing m and reaches an upper bound when m tends to infinity. Finally, extensive simulated and real-world experiments are conducted to verify the validity of the proposed method.
TDFIF-Net: Two-dimensional feature interaction fusion network for digital core images
Authors: Zhang Yubo , Han Chao , Xu Lei , Bi Junhao , Kong Haihua , Xiang Haibin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the super-resolution(SR) reconstruction of digital core images for geological exploration, existing network models are limited to pass through a single dimension, and this limitation hinders the detailed structural analysis of the core, including pores and cracks, and makes it difficult to comprehensively capture the deep information of the core images. To solve the above problems, we propose a two-dimensional depth-based super-resolution reconstruction network for digital core images, which combines a bi-dimensional depth feature extraction unit (BDFM), discarding the traditional approach of feature extraction only from a single dimension, and instead exploring the deeper features of the core image from both spatial and channel dimensions simultaneously to take advantage of the complementary strengths of the two and achieve a more comprehensive feature interaction . In addition, we have designed a dual-domain synergistic enhancement (DDS) module, which effectively avoids the feature loss problem in the feature transfer process and accurately transfers feature information. Through extensive experimental validation on sandstone and carbonate datasets, our proposed model significantly outperforms the existing network models in terms of super-resolution reconstruction effect, with PSNRs of 30.3087 dB and 25.8508 dB on X4 scale for sandstone 2D and carbonate 2D datasets, respectively.This innovation not only provides accurate image support for geological exploration, but also contributes new deep learning solutions to the image super-resolution reconstruction field by contributing new deep learning solutions.The code is available at https://figshare.com/article/software/TDFIF-Net/256033614
Highly Accurate Rock Simulation System Based on Gas-Liquid Coupling Mechanism with Non- Harmonic Impact of Variable Stiffness and Damping Characteristics
Authors: Chang Siyuan , Li Yelin , Ye Min , Ma Yuchuan , Zhang Jiale 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The rock simulation system is of great significance for the development of high-frequency high-power hydraulic rock drills. It can simulate different rock drilling conditions in specific environments and observe the drilling effects under multi-scale conditions. This paper proposes a multi-stage adjustable rock simulation system with variable stiffness and damping. Firstly, based on the Kelvin rock theory, a rock vibration model under non-harmonic excitation is established. Combining the characteristics of adaptive oil-gas suspension rigidity locking, the rock simulation system and rock drilling impact system are designed. A nonlinear stiffness and damping model of the simulation system is established based on fluid mechanics theory. The drilling dynamic characteristics of the simulation system are studied using Amesim software, and nonlinear stiffness and damping curves of granite and the simulation system are drawn according to the dynamic parameters of rock drilling. Secondly, a drop hammer calibration experiment and an impact rock drilling experiment of the simulation system are designed. Finally, the nonlinear stiffness and damping characteristics of the simulation system in actual rock drilling are studied, and the validity of the simulation model is verified. The method proposed uses hydraulic oil as the supporting medium and nitrogen as the elastic medium, effectively addressing the challenge of detecting the impact characteristics of rock drills under specific operating conditions. Simulation results indicate that as the stiffness of granite and the simulation system decreases, the drilling displacement increases, while increasing damping coefficients lead to smaller drilling displacements. Experimental results demonstrate that the stiffness-damping error between the simulation system and granite does not exceed 10%. And the movement frequency of the simulation system's hydraulic cylinder is closely aligned with the impact frequency of the rock drill.
Network pharmacology-based investigation of potential mechanism of Triptolide against Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Chen Bing , Shen Qian , Shen Jie , Xie Hongyang , Wang Yiping , Lou Hongkan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to explore the mechanism of triptolide (TPL) in the treatment of thyroid cancer (TC).Methods The targets of TPL in TC were collected from databases. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the common targets of TPL and TC. Enrichment analysis was performed using the DAVID database. The effects of TPL on cell activity, apoptosis, and cell cycle were assessed using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was conducted to measure the levels of caspase 3, caspase 7, PCNA, ki67, cleaved caspase 7, cleaved caspase 3, and p-P53. RT-PCR was used to measure TP53 mRNA levels.Results The protein-protein interaction network revealed 8 potential targets for TPL in TC treatment. Enrichment analysis indicated that TPL mainly involved in cell apoptosis, proliferation, and inflammation response. In vitro studies showed that TPL inhibited K1 cell activity, down-regulated PCNA and ki67 levels, and up-regulated caspase 3, caspase 7, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 7, p-P53 protein expressions, and TP53 mRNA levels. TPL also promoted K1 cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycle at the G2/M and S phase.Conclusion TPL exhibits antitumor effects on K1 cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing cell apoptosis, and disrupting cell cycle.
Study of dopant concentration effect on the physical properties of spin coated anatase TiO 2 :Al 3+ thin films
Authors: Chala Saadia , Saidi Hanane , Derbali Ammar , Attaf Abdellah , Aida Mohamed Saleh , Guettaf Amel , Messemeche Radhia , Benkhetta Okba , Attaf Nadhir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this work, transparent undoped and Al-doped TiO2thin films have been deposited on heated glass substratesthrough spin coating sol-gel processingtechnique.PristineTiO2and Al-doped TiO2thin filmswere synthesized with different Al doping ratio ranged from 0 to 6%.The influence of Al doping on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of TiO2thin films have been investigated.The synthesized samples were characterization via various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrophotometer, photoluminescence (PL) spectra and four-point probe measurement, respectively. The XRD analysis pattern confirms the existence of the anatase TiO2 phases with preferred orientation along the (101) direction. Furthermore, as the Al doping concentration increases, the crystallite size firstly decreased from 20.3 to 15.7 nm and then increased from 15.7 to 19.8 nm. The surface morphology analysis of the deposited Al:TiO2 thin films reveals the homogenous distribution of condensed spherical shape particles and agglomerates small grains on glass substrate surface. Moreover, the optical analyses exhibit that the films have a high transmittance in the visible range reach to 87%. Moreover, the addition of Aluminum (Al) is found that film’s optical band gap varies in the range from 3.64 to 3.73 eV. In addition, according to FTIR spectra confirmed the successfully formation of the TiO2 phase in all samples. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra analysis shows the distinguishable emission peaks located in the ultraviolet and visible regions for all samples. The films electrical resistivity showed an apparent dependence on Al content, which substantially decreases with the increasing Al concentration from 9.5×10− 2 to 9×10− 3 Ω.cm.
The haplotype-resolved telomere-to-telomere genome and OMICS analyses reveal the genetic responses of tapping in rubber tree
Authors: Cheng Han , Li Chaochao , Yuan Yuan , Wang Zhiyuan , Nie Zhiyi , Wu Tingkai , Qiao Jiangxia , Deng Zhi , Wang Xiaobo , Xu Dong , Wang Xu , Cao Shuo , Li Bingqin , An Zewei , Wu Wenguan , Jin Zhongxin , Huang Huasun , Hu Wei , Huang Sanwen , Zhou Yongfeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), as the primary source of natural rubber (NR), holds a significant economic significance. The high-quality genome has been long pursued to understand the rubber production process, genomic structure, and genomics-assisted breeding. Here, we assemble the first haplotype-resolved telomere-to-telomere (T2T), gap-free reference genome for rubber tree (CATAS 7-33-97). Two haplotypes (both 1.56 Gb) reveal all telomere and most centromeric regions. A dramatic amount of variations exist between the two haplotypes, including a 32.71 Mb inversion (sv33M) on chromosome 8. Complete assemblies of all 36 chromosomes enabled the exhaustive identification of rubber biosynthesis genes and the revealing of consistent allele specific expression (ASE) profiles. The reconstruction of the natural rubber biosynthesis pathway through transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling unraveled that mevalonate and its derivatives serve as the major carbon reservoir for quick latex replenishment during tapping. Jasmonic acid (JA) was crucial for the consecutive tapping-dependent rubber yield increment by responding to mechanic injuries, and by elevating rubber biosynthesis activity. Finally, we proposed a model of rubber tree's response to tapping, in which JA levels increased after mechanical damage. Subsequently, MYC2 in the JA signaling pathway stimulated the expression of MVK1 gene and the synthesis of mevalonic acid (MVA), enhancing rubber biosynthesis. The assembly of the haplotype-resolved T2T genome is a major step forward to understanding the complexity of the rubber biosynthesis mechanism in latex-producing plants, accelerating rubber tree genetic improvement.
Oxygen-Vacancies-Mediated BrO3- Electroreduction: Positively Charged Microenvironment Enables Directional Diffusion and Spontaneous Adsorption
Authors: Zeng Huabin , Huang Xiangbin , Cheng Yue , Luo Zhipeng , Zheng Ruiqi , Zhao Yangying , Farissi Salman , Liu Rui , Zhang Gong , Yu Xin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Ozonation can disinfect the drinking water without producing chlorinated byproducts, but bromate (BrO3−) emerges as a carcinogenic by-product. Although the electroreduction could theoretically convert BrO3− into non-toxic bromide (Br−), the detoxification process was hindered by the electrostatic repulsion of BrO3− from the negatively charged cathode. In this work, a commercial Fe foam was employed for electrochemically reducing 1.0 mg/L BrO3− via direct electron transfer mechanism (k1, 0.7796 min− 1), during which microcrystalline magnetite (Fe3O4) was in-situ generated with abundant oxygen vacancies (Ovs). The Ovs could shape neighboring Fe2+ atoms into positively charged microenvironment for accelerating the directional diffusion of BrO3− toward themselves. Compared to negatively charged surface, the positive microenvironment could enhance the BrO3− diffusion with coefficient change from 0.0059 m2/s to 0.0387 m2/s. Furthermore, Ovs activated the neighboring Fe2+ atom into a highly active site for BrO3− adsorption with an adsorption energy (Eads) of 4.21 eV, in comparison to the energy-demanding adsorption on intact Fe3O4 lattice (Eads, -2.17 eV). Afterwards, BrO3− underwent complete detoxification through sequential deoxygenation, with Ovs assisting throughout the whole process from BrO3− to Br−. By the in-situ defect engineering, the research pointed out a high-efficient approach to create positively charged microenvironment for enhancing oxyanion electroreduction.
Sensing multi-directional forces at superresolution using taxel value isoline theory
Authors: Sun Huanbo , Spiers Adam , Lee Hyosang , Fiene Jonathan , Martius Georg 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Robots can benefit from a good sense of touch to perceive their interaction with the world. However, contacts are complex phenomena that involve tactile sensing devices, contact objects, and the complex directional (normal and shear) force motions in-between. To advance tactile sensor research, we propose a comprehensive theory that unites these components, providing insights for sensor designs, explaining performance drops due to shear forces, and suggesting application scenarios with various contact objects. Our theory, based on sensor isolines, achieves superresolution sensing performance using only a few sensing units, avoiding the need for dense layouts. Through analysis of the sensor perception field and force sensitivity from a structural perspective, along with the influences of contact object sizes, we also explore the effects of different force directions: normal, tangential shear, and radial shear forces. The theoretical model covers all these aspects and predicts a system-level inherent accuracy loss introduced by shear forces compared to pure normal forces. To validate our theory, we developed Barodome, a 3D sensor capable of predicting contact locations and decoupling shear forces from normal forces. The sensor's performance confirms the significant impact of shear forces on performance, alongside normal forces. The observed 0.5 mm drop in the real sensor's performance (normal and shear forces) closely matches the theoretical prediction of 0.33 mm. Overall, our theory offers valuable guidance for future tactile sensor designs, informing various design choices and enhancing the development of advanced robotic touch systems.
Single-nucleus multiome analysis of human cerebellum in Alzheimer’s disease-related dementia
Authors: Cheng Feixiong , Feng Yayan , Flanagan Margaret , Bonakdarpour Borna , Jamshidi Pouya , Castellani Rudolph , Mao Qinwen , Chu Xiaona , Gao Hongyu , Liu Yunlong , Xu Jielin , Hou Yuan , Martin William , Nelson Peter , Leverenz James , Pieper Andrew , Cummings Jeffrey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Although human cerebellum is known to be neuropathologically impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD), the cell type-specific transcriptional and epigenomic changes that contribute to this pathology are not well understood. Here, we report single-nucleus multiome (snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq) analysis of 103,861 nuclei isolated from cerebellum from 9 human cases of AD/ADRD and 8 controls, and with frontal cortex of 6 AD donors for additional comparison. Using peak-to-gene linkage analysis, we identified 431,834 significant linkages between gene expression and cell subtype-specific chromatin accessibility regions enriched for candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs). These cCREs were associated with AD/ADRD-specific transcriptomic changes and disease-related gene regulatory networks, especially for RAR Related Orphan Receptor A (RORA) and E74 Like ETS Transcription Factor 1 (ELF1) in cerebellar Purkinje cells and granule cells, respectively. Trajectory analysis of granule cell populations further identified disease-relevant transcription factors, such as RORA, and their regulatory targets. Finally, we prioritized two likely causal genes, including Seizure Related 6 Homolog Like 2 (SEZ6L2) in Purkinje cells and KAT8 Regulatory NSL Complex Subunit 1 (KANSL1) in granule cells, through integrative analysis of cCREs derived from snATAC-seq, genome-wide AD/ADRD loci, and Hi-C looping data. This first cell subtype-specific regulatory landscape in the human cerebellum identified here offer novel genomic and epigenomic insights into the neuropathology and pathobiology of AD/ADRD and other neurological disorders if broadly applied.
Young persons’ experiences of inpatient care when presenting with self-harm
Authors: Potgieter Francois , Martin Peter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the UK, self-harm is a major healthcare problem. Self-harm is an especially common behaviour in young people admitted to psychiatric inpatient care and is one of the primary reasons for presenting to hospital. The management and treatment of self-harming behaviours can be challenging, and few treatment guidelines are available for inpatient settings. Poor understanding of self-harm and how to manage it effectively is likely to lead to staff feeling hopeless and helpless, but also to reduced support for the young people under their care. The current study constitutes an attempt to build on what is known by exploring young people’s reports on their experiences of inpatient treatment when presenting with self-harm. A grounded theory methodology was used to analyse the data. There were two key study aims which were: to obtain young people’s reports on their experiences of inpatient care when presenting with self-harm; and to integrate these views into a grounded theory that would serve as a model for understanding features of young persons’ experiences of inpatient care when presenting with self-harm. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at two NHS inpatient units supporting young people with mental health difficulties. Analysis of these interviews was done in accordance with grounded theory. Two core concepts of humanness and restriction emerged from the data which contribute to the construction of meaning and understanding. Service implications and recommendations highlight the need for improved understanding, maintaining relationships and continued connection during admissions. The methodology contributed to developing a rich and detailed understanding of young persons’ experiences of inpatient care when presenting with self-harm.
Double Refractive Particle Tracking and Sizing
Authors: König Jörg , Cierpka Christian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We present a novel bifocal imaging method enabling three-dimensional particle tracking and size determination employing a single camera only. The method is based on double refraction causing a particle to be imaged twice, each particle image of different blur. From these double images, a linear calibration function can be derived allowing to determine the three-dimensional particle position unambiguously over the entire depth of measurement volume. As this calibration function is independent of the particle size used, the particle size can be determined simultaneously by relating size of the double images and depth position of the particle. To prove the applicability, a co-laminar flow of two particle suspensions with particles of 1.14 μm and 2.47 μm in diameter was measured in a Y-shaped micro channel. While the laminar flow field was measured with very low uncertainty and independent of the particle size, the particle size distributions determined reproduced reliably the size distributions expected for the co-laminar flow applied, with a precision of about 98.6% regarding the particle size discrimination. The progress for research is a new method readily to implement in common optical setups, promising for example valuable insights in polydisperse suspension flows - the vast majority of flows in fundamental research and applications.