bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemistry and biology of the compounds that modulate cell migration
Authors: Tashiro Etsu , Imoto Masaya 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Cell migration is a fundamental step for embryonic development, wound repair, immune responses, and tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Extensive studies have attempted to reveal the molecular mechanisms behind cell migration; however, they remain largely unclear. Bioactive compounds that modulate cell migration show promise as not only extremely powerful tools for studying the mechanisms behind cell migration but also as drug seeds for chemotherapy against tumor metastasis. Therefore, we have screened cell migration inhibitors and analyzed their mechanisms for the inhibition of cell migration. In this mini-review, we introduce our chemical and biological studies of three cell migration inhibitors: moverastin, UTKO1, and BU-4664L.
Identification of QTLs associated with albino plant formation and some new facts concerning green versus albino ratio determinants in triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.) anther culture
Authors: Krzewska Monika , Czyczyło-Mysza Ilona , Dubas Ewa , Gołębiowska-Pikania Gabriela , Żur Iwona 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
High frequency of albino haploids/doubled haploids (DHs), regenerated in androgenic cultures is one of the major obstacles that limit incorporation of DHs technology into cereal breeding programs. Therefore, quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with albino plant production in triticale anther cultures were analyzed using the population of 90 DH lines derived from F1 cross ‘Saka 3006’ × ‘Modus’. Composite interval mapping (CIM) and single marker analysis (SMA) in Windows QTL Cartographer ver 2.5 were used to localize the major QTLs. CIM method revealed seven QTLs with LOD scores between 2.9 and 5.6 on five chromosomes from B to R subgenomes (3B, 4B, 4R, 5R and 7R). Effects of all QTLs explained 8.3–17.6 % of the phenotypic variation and were confirmed by SMA analysis. Additionally SMA revealed another seven markers on chromosomes: 2AL.2BL, 3B, 2BS.6AL, 2RS.3R and 4R associated with QTL for albino plant regeneration (p < 0.01). The additional experiment with ten DH lines varied significantly in their androgenic responsiveness was conducted to analyze the changes in the level of oxidative stress, antioxidative system activity and endogenous hormonal balance associated with androgenesis-inducing low temperature stress treatment (3 weeks at 4 °C). The correlation analysis between albino/green plant regeneration ability and analyzed traits were performed by using Spearman Rank test (p ≤ 0.05). Revealed associations may suggest that some level of oxidative stress is necessary for transition from a non-photosynthetic proplastids to the functional chloroplasts. On the other hand, the efficient antioxidative enzyme system and endogenous hormonal balance are also very important.

Key message

Fourteen chromosome regions were indicated to control albino plant formation during triticale anther culture. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, antioxidative system activity and hormonal balance were discussed as determinants in androgenesis.
Micellar Effect of Ammonium Based Cationic Surfactants on Kinetics of Methylene Blue‐Assisted Ru (III) and Cu (II) Catalyzed Cysteine/Cystine Transformation in Acidic Aqueous Media
Authors: Jan Roheena , Bhat Mohsin Ahmad , Islam Nasarul , Khan Badruddin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractKinetic investigations of cysteine–cystine transformation assisted by model electron acceptor methylene blue (MB) and catalyzed synergistically by Ru (III) and Cu (II) in aqueous media of varying pH, temperature and micellar solutions of two ammonium based cationic surfactants viz. octadecylammonium chloride (OAC) and octadecylpyridine‐2‐ylmethylammonium chloride (OPMAC) were carried out. The homogeneous electron transfer between cysteine and MB was observed to exhibit pH sensitive kinetics that is affected by the presence of ammonium based cationic surfactants. While the postmicellar concentrations of OAC decrease the rate of the cysteine oxidation, the presence of OPMAC micelles was observed to accelerate the said reaction. The observed micellar kinetic effects modeled through quantum mechanical calculations are explained in light of the reactant‐micelle interactions. To the best of our knowledge the synthesis, micellization and micellar catalytic activity of OPMAC are yet to be reported in the literature.
A systematic review of online interventions for mental health in low and middle income countries: a neglected field
Authors: Arjadi R. , Nauta M. H. , Chowdhary N. , Bockting C. L. H. 
Published: July 2015

Background.Low and middle income countries (LMICs) are facing an increase of the impact of mental health problems while confronted with limited resources and limited access to mental health care, known as the ‘mental health gap’. One strategy to reduce the mental health gap would be to utilize the internet to provide more widely-distributed and low cost mental health care. We undertook this systematic review to investigate the effectiveness and efficacy of online interventions in LMICs.Methods.We systematically searched the data-bases PubMed, PsycINFO, JMIR, and additional sources. MeSH terms, Thesaurus, and free text keywords were used. We included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of online interventions in LMICs.Results.We found only three articles reported results of RCTs on online interventions for mental health conditions in LMICs, but none of these interventions was compared with an active control condition. Also, the mental health conditions were diverse across the three studies.Conclusions.There is a dearth of studies examining the effect of online interventions in LMICs, so we cannot draw a firm conclusion on its effectiveness. However, given the effectiveness of online interventions in high income countries and sharp increase of internet access in LMICs, online interventions may offer a potential to help reduce the ‘mental health gap’. More studies are urgently needed in LMICs.
Psychotropic prescribing patterns among adolescents in Northern Ireland presenting with psychotic symptoms during a 5-year period
Authors: Woods G. , Shannon C. , Davidson G. , Hoy K. , Lewis D. , Tumelty L. , Mulholland C. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo report new prescriptions of psychotropic medications among adolescents presenting with new onset psychotic symptoms during a 5-year period.MethodsThe Northern Ireland Early Onset Psychosis Study is a naturalistic longitudinal observational study of patients with an early onset first psychotic episode. All patients aged <18 years presenting to specialist mental health services across Northern Ireland with new onset psychotic symptoms between 2001 and 2006 were recruited (n=113). Clinical case notes were analysed retrospectively for details of subsequent treatment with psychotropic medications.ResultsA total of 100 patients (88.5%) were prescribed some form of psychotropic medication. Over three-quarters of patients received an antipsychotic as their first medication. Risperidone (45.8%), olanzapine (24.0%) and chlorpromazine (12.5%) were the most commonly prescribed first-line antipsychotic medications. Of a total of 160 antipsychotic prescriptions, 81 (50.6%) were off-label. Prescriptions were most likely to have been deemed off-label owing to medications not being licensed in under-18s (71.6% of off-label prescriptions) but other reasons were medications being used outside licensed age ranges (23.5%) and outside licensed indications (4.9%).ConclusionsThis is the first study examining psychotropic prescribing patterns in a complete sample of all children and adolescents presenting with early onset psychotic episodes in a single geographical area. The observation of risperidone as the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic was in keeping with previous studies in child and adolescent populations. Rates of off-label prescribing were lower than previously observed although our study was the first to investigate off-label prescribing solely in children and adolescents presenting with psychotic symptoms.
Mental illness self-management: a randomised controlled trial of the Wellness Recovery Action Planning intervention for inpatients and outpatients with psychiatric illness
Authors: O’Keeffe D. , Hickey D. , Lane A. , McCormack M. , Lawlor E. , Kinsella A. , Donoghue O. , Clarke M. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveWellness Recovery Action Planning (WRAP) is a cross-diagnostic, patient-centred, self-management intervention for psychiatric illness. WRAP utilises an individualised Wellness Toolbox, a six part structured monitoring and response system, and a crisis and post-crisis plan to promote recovery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of WRAP on personal recovery, quality of life, and self-reported psychiatric symptoms.MethodA prospective randomised controlled trial, based on the CONSORT principles was conducted using a sample of 36 inpatients and outpatients with a diagnosis of a mental disorder. Participants were randomly allocated to Experimental Group or Waiting List Control Group conditions in a 1:1 ratio. Measures of personal recovery, personal recovery life areas, quality of life, anxiety, and depression were administered at three time points: (i) pre-intervention, (ii) post-Experimental Group intervention delivery, and (iii) 6-month follow-up. Data was analysed by available case analysis using univariate and bivariate methodologies.ResultsWRAP had a significant effect on two personal recovery life areas measured by the Mental Health Recovery Star: (i) addictive behaviour and (ii) identity and self-esteem. WRAP did not have a significant effect on personal recovery (measured by the Mental Health Recovery Measure), quality of life, or psychiatric symptoms.ConclusionsFindings indicate that WRAP improves personal recovery in the areas of (i) addictive behaviour and (ii) identity and self-esteem. Further research is required to confirm WRAP efficacy in other outcome domains. Efforts to integrate WRAP into recovery-orientated mental health services should be encouraged and evaluated.
Human Resource Practices and Firm Performance in China: The Moderating Roles of Regional Human Capital Quality and Firm Innovation Strategy
Authors: Li Xiaobei , Qin Xin , Jiang Kaifeng , Zhang Sanbao , Gao Fei-Yi 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTWe conducted two studies to investigate the contingent role of regional human capital quality (i.e., the knowledge, skills, and abilities of the collective workforce in a region) in the relationship between firm-level human resource (HR) practices (i.e., practices focusing on employees’ human capital development) and firm performance in China. Drawing upon human capital theory, we hypothesized that the human capital–enhancing HR practices and regional human capital quality have a substitutive effect on firm performance. Study 1 uses a World Bank survey of 9,125 firms in 30 provinces. We found that the human capital–enhancing HR practices relate more strongly to firm performance when regional human capital quality was lower than when it was higher. Study 2 used a sample of 203 firms across seven provinces. We found similar results. We further hypothesized and found that the substitutive effect of regional human capital quality was stronger when a firm adopted an innovation strategy. Our findings provide new evidence for the contingency perspective of strategic HR management and highlight the importance of matching HR practices with local labor quality conditions and the business strategy of the firm.
The Group of Automorphisms of the Algebra of one-Sided Inverses of a Polynomial Algebra. II
Authors: Bavula V. V. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe algebraof one-sided inverses of a polynomial algebraPninnvariables is obtained fromPnby adding commutingleft(but not two-sided) inverses of the canonical generators of the algebraPn. The algebrais isomorphic to the algebraof scalar integro-differential operators provided that char(K) = 0. Ignoring the non-Noetherian property, the algebrabelongs to a family of algebras like thenth Weyl algebraAnand the polynomial algebraP2n. Explicit generators are found for the groupGnof automorphisms of the algebraand for the groupof units of(both groups are huge). An analogue of theJacobianhomomorphism AutK-alg(Pn) →K*is introduced for the groupGn(notice that the algebrais non-commutative and neither left nor right Noetherian). The polynomial Jacobian homomorphism is unique. Its analogue is also unique forn> 2 but forn= 1, 2 there are exactly two of them. The proof is based on the following theorem that is proved in the paper:
Middle Phanerozoic mass extinctions and a tribute to the work of Professor Tony Hallam
Authors: WIGNALL PAUL B. , VAN DE SCHOOTBRUGGE BAS 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTony Hallam's contributions to mass extinction studies span more than 50 years and this thematic issue provides an opportunity to pay tribute to the many pioneering contributions he has made to this field. Early work (1961) on the Jurassic in Europe revealed a link, during the Toarcian Stage, between extinction and the spread of anoxic waters during transgression – the first time such a common leitmotif had been identified. He also identified substantial sea-level changes during other mass extinction intervals with either regression (end-Triassic) or early transgression (end-Permian) coinciding with the extinction phases. Hallam's (1981) study on bivalves was also the first to elevate the status of the end-Triassic crisis and place it amongst true mass extinctions, changing previous perceptions that it was a part of a protracted period of turnover, although debates on the duration of this crisis continue (Hallam, 2002). Conflicting views on the nature of recovery from mass extinctions have also developed, especially for the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction. These discussions can be traced to Hallam's seminal 1991 paper that noted the considerable delay in benthic recovery during Early Triassic time and attributed it to the persistence of the harmful, high-stress conditions responsible for the extinction itself. This idea now forms the cornerstone of one of the more favoured explanations for this ultra-low diversity interval.
Observation of trichomonads infection in a child with periodontitis by direct microscopy at the dental office
Authors: MARTY MATHIEU , BONNER MARK , VAYSSE FRÉDÉRIC 
Published: July 2015

SUMMARYThe pathogenicity of Trichomonas species is well documented. Although their exact involvement in gum disease is not fully understood, recent studies suggest a correlation between these protozoa and periodontitis. This case report details the first chair-side observation in Europe of an oral trichomonad infection in a child with periodontitis, by direct microscopy. The dramatic recovery of the patient, observed following administration of an anti-parasitic treatment, confirms the necessity of further investigation in this field.
The role of life events and psychological factors in the onset of first and recurrent mood episodes in bipolar offspring: results from the Dutch Bipolar Offspring Study
Authors: Kemner S. M. , Mesman E. , Nolen W. A. , Eijckemans M. J. C. , Hillegers M. H. J. 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundLife events are an established risk factor for the onset and recurrence of unipolar and bipolar mood episodes, especially in the presence of genetic vulnerability. The dynamic interplay between life events and psychological context, however, is less studied. In this study, we investigated the impact of life events on the onset and recurrence of mood episodes in bipolar offspring, as well as the effects of temperament, coping and parenting style on this association.MethodBipolar offspring (n = 108) were followed longitudinally from adolescence to adulthood. Mood disorders were assessed with: the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia – Present and Lifetime Version or the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders; life events with the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule; and psychological measures using the Utrecht Coping List, Temperament and Character Inventory and short-EMBU (memories of upbringing instrument). Anderson–Gill models (an extension of the Cox proportional hazard model) were utilized.ResultsLife events were associated with an increased risk for first and, although less pronounced, subsequent mood episodes. There was a large confounding effect for the number of previous mood episodes; findings suggest a possible kindling effect. Passive coping style increased the risk of mood episode onset and recurrent episodes, but also altered the effect of life events on mood disorders. Harm avoidance temperament was associated with mood episode recurrence.ConclusionsLife events are especially a risk factor in the onset of mood disorders, though less so in recurrent episodes. Psychological features (passive coping and harm-avoidant temperament) contribute to the risk of an episode occurring, and also have a moderating effect on the association between life events and mood episodes. These findings create potential early intervention strategies for bipolar offspring.
Latent structure of cognition in schizophrenia: a confirmatory factor analysis of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB)
Authors: McCleery A. , Green M. F. , Hellemann G. S. , Baade L. E. , Gold J. M. , Keefe R. S. E. , Kern R. S. , Mesholam-Gately R. I. , Seidman L. J. , Subotnik K. L. , Ventura J. , Nuechterlein K. H. 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundThe number of separable cognitive dimensions in schizophrenia has been debated. Guided by the extant factor analytic literature, the NIMH Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) initiative selected seven cognitive domains relevant to treatment studies in schizophrenia: speed of processing, attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. These domains are assessed in the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). The aim of this study was to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the beta battery of the MCCB to compare the fit of the MATRICS consensus seven-domain model to other models in the current literature on cognition in schizophrenia.MethodUsing data from 281 schizophrenia outpatients, we compared the seven correlated factors model with alternative models. Specifically, we compared the 7-factor model to (a) a single-factor model, (b) a three correlated factors model including speed of processing, working memory, and general cognition, and (c) a hierarchical model in which seven first-order factors loaded onto a second-order general cognitive factor.ResultsMultiple fit indices indicated the seven correlated factors model was the best fit for the data and provided significant improvement in model fit beyond the comparison models.ConclusionsThese results support the assessment of these seven cognitive dimensions in clinical trials of interventions to improve cognition in schizophrenia. Because these cognitive factors are separable to some degree, it is plausible that specific interventions may have differential effects on the domains.
Motivational interviewing and interaction skills training for parents of young adults with recent-onset schizophrenia and co-occurring cannabis use: 15-month follow-up
Authors: Smeerdijk M. , Keet R. , van Raaij B. , Koeter M. , Linszen D. , de Haan L. , Schippers G. 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundThere is a clear need for effective interventions to reduce cannabis use in patients with first-episode psychosis. This follow-up of a randomized trial examined whether an intervention for parents, based on motivational interviewing and interaction skills (Family Motivational Intervention, FMI), was more effective than routine family support (RFS) in reducing cannabis use in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia.MethodIn a single-blind trial with 75 patients in treatment for recent-onset schizophrenia, 97 parents were randomly assigned to either FMI or RFS. Assessments were conducted at baseline and at 3 and 15 months after the interventions had been ended. Analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis using mixed-effect regression models.ResultsFrom baseline to the 15-month follow-up, there was a significantly greater reduction in FMI compared to RFS in patients’ quantity (p = 0.01) and frequency (p < 0.01) of cannabis use. Patients’ craving for cannabis use was also significantly lower in FMI at 15 months follow-up (p < 0.01). Both groups improved in parental distress and sense of burden; however, only FMI parents’ appraisal of patients’ symptoms showed further improvement at the 15-month follow-up (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results support the sustained effectiveness of FMI in reducing cannabis use in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia at 15 months follow-up. Findings were not consistent with regard to the long-term superiority of FMI over RFS in reducing parents’ distress and sense of burden.
Cognitive control, reward-related decision making and outcomes of late-life depression treated with an antidepressant
Authors: Alexopoulos G. S. , Manning K. , Kanellopoulos D. , McGovern A. , Seirup J. K. , Banerjee S. , Gunning F. 
Published: July 2015

Background.Executive processes consist of at least two sets of functions: one concerned with cognitive control and the other with reward-related decision making. Abnormal performance in both sets occurs in late-life depression. This study tested the hypothesis that only abnormal performance in cognitive control tasks predicts poor outcomes of late-life depression treated with escitalopram.Method.We studied older subjects with major depression (N = 53) and non-depressed subjects (N = 30). Executive functions were tested with the Iowa Gambling Test (IGT), Stroop Color-Word Test, Tower of London (ToL), and Dementia Rating Scale – Initiation/Perseveration domain (DRS-IP). After a 2-week placebo washout, depressed subjects received escitalopram (target daily dose: 20 mg) for 12 weeks.Results.There were no significant differences between depressed and non-depressed subjects on executive function tests. Hierarchical cluster analysis of depressed subjects identified a Cognitive Control cluster (abnormal Stroop, ToL, DRS-IP), a Reward-Related cluster (IGT), and an Executively Unimpaired cluster. Decline in depression was greater in the Executively Unimpaired (t = −2.09, df = 331, p = 0.0375) and the Reward-Related (t = −2.33, df = 331, p = 0.0202) clusters than the Cognitive Control cluster. The Executively Unimpaired cluster (t = 2.17, df = 331, p = 0.03) and the Reward-Related cluster (t = 2.03, df = 331, p = 0.0433) had a higher probability of remission than the Cognitive Control cluster.Conclusions.Dysfunction of cognitive control functions, but not reward-related decision making, may influence the decline of symptoms and the probability of remission of late-life depression treated with escitalopram. If replicated, simple to administer cognitive control tests may be used to select depressed older patients at risk for poor outcomes to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors who may require structured psychotherapy.
A Whetstone of Wealden Sandstone from the Roman Villa at Great Holts Farm, Boreham, Essex
Authors: Allen J.R.L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractExcavated in 1992–4, the villa yielded a portion of a whetstone which, on the basis of general shape, the presence of rebated long edges and microscopic petrography in thin-section, was with little doubt made from a sandstone in the Weald Clay Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of the north-west Weald. It is representative of a widely recorded, major stone-based industry in Roman Britain, with finds known to range from the Channel coast to the northern frontier zone.