bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single- and multiple-trait quantitative trait locus analyses for seed oil and protein contents of soybean populations with advanced breeding line background
Authors: Huynh Tu , Van Kyujung , Mian M. A. Rouf , McHale Leah K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSoybean seed oil and protein contents are negatively correlated, posing challenges to enhance both traits simultaneously. Previous studies have identified numerous oil and protein QTLs via single-trait QTL analysis. Multiple-trait QTL methods were shown to be superior but have not been applied to seed oil and protein contents. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of single- and multiple-trait multiple interval mapping (ST-MIM and MT-MIM, respectively) for these traits using three recombinant inbred line populations from advanced breeding line crosses tested in four environments. Using original and simulated data, we found that MT-MIM did not outperform ST-MIM for our traits with high heritability (H2 > 0.84). Empirically, MT-MIM confirmed only five out of the seven QTLs detected by ST-MIM, indicating single-trait analysis was sufficient for these traits. All QTLs exerted opposite effects on oil and protein contents with varying protein-to-oil additive effect ratios (-0.4 to -4.8). We calculated the economic impact of the allelic variations via estimated processed values (EPV) using the National Oilseed Processors Association (NOPA) and High Yield + Quality (HY + Q) methods. Oil-increasing alleles had positive effects on both EPVNOPA and EPVHY+Q when the protein-to-oil ratio was low (-0.4 to -0.7). However, when the ratio was high (-4.1 to -4.8), oil-increasing alleles increased EPVNOPA and decreased EPVHY+Q, which penalizes low protein meal. In conclusion, single-trait QTL analysis is adequately effective for high heritability traits like seed oil and protein contents. Additionally, the populations’ elite pedigrees and varying protein-to-oil ratios provide potential lines for further yield assessment and direct integration into breeding programs.
Short-peptide-based enteral nutrition affects rats MDP translocation and protects against gut-lung injury via the PepT1-NOD2-beclin-1 pathway in vivo
Authors: Pang Xiu-feng , Dai Xiao-yong , Zhao Lu-jia , Ye You-wen , Yang Xiao-ying , Wang Huan-huan , Jiang Meng , Zhu Yu-qin , Shi Bin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) transports bacterial oligopeptide products and induces inflammation of the bowel. Nutritional peptides compete for the binding of intestinal bacterial products to PepT1. We investigated the mechanism of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition (SPEN) on the damage to the gut caused by the bacterial oligopeptide product muramyl dipeptide (MDP), which is transported by PepT1. The gut-lung axis is a shared mucosal immune system, and immune responses and disorders can affect the gut-respiratory relationship.

Methods and results
Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with solutions containing MDP, MDP + SPEN, MDP + intact-protein-based enteral nutrition (IPEN), glucose as a control, or glucose with GSK669 (a NOD2 antagonist). Inflammation, mitochondrial damage, autophagy, and apoptosis were explored to determine the role of the PepT1-nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2)-beclin-1 signaling pathway in the small intestinal mucosa. MDP and proinflammatory factors of lung tissue were explored to determine that MDP can migrate to lung tissue and cause inflammation. Induction of proinflammatory cell accumulation and intestinal damage in MDP gavage rats was associated with increased NOD2 and Beclin-1 mRNA expression. IL-6 and TNF-α expression and apoptosis were increased, and mitochondrial damage was severe, as indicated by increased mtDNA in the MDP group compared with controls. MDP levels and expression of proinflammatory factors in lung tissue increased in the MDP group compared with the control group. SPEN, but not IPEN, eliminated these impacts.

Conclusions
Gavage of MDP to rats resulted in damage to the gut-lung axis. SPEN reverses the adverse effects of MDP. The PepT1-NOD2-beclin-1 pathway plays a role in small intestinal inflammation, mitochondrial damage, autophagy, and apoptosis.
Evaluation of the seismic response of reinforced concrete buildings in the light of lessons learned from the February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye earthquake sequences
Authors: Yön Burak , Dedeoğlu İbrahim Özgür , Yetkin Musa , Erkek Hakan , Calayır Yusuf 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
On 6 February 2023, two significant seismic events occurred in the southeastern region of Türkiye. The seismic activity, which was perceptible in numerous countries beyond Türkiye, resulted in a considerable number of fatalities. A considerable number of individuals lost their lives and were rendered homeless as a result of the disaster. Two of the most significant factors contributing to the occurrence of these tragedies are the magnitude of the earthquake and structural deficiencies. The present study is concerned with a detailed analysis of these two factors. This study initially considers the seismicity of the region where the earthquakes that occurred on 6 February 2023 took place, as well as the seismic characteristics of these earthquakes. Subsequently, the findings of the field studies conducted in Hatay, Adıyaman, Kahramanmaraş and Malatya, the cities where the earthquakes caused the most destruction, are presented. The objective of the field study is to ascertain the collapse patterns, structural damages and the factors influencing these damages in reinforced concrete structures in the region. The primary causes of damage to structures can be attributed to several factors, including the presence of a strong beam-weak column mechanism, the soft story-weak story mechanism, the pounding effect, the short column damage, the long cantilever and overhangs, the short beam damage, the buckling damage, the torsion effect, the quality of the materials, the insufficient transverse reinforcement, the compressive failure due to over-reinforcement, the corrosion effect, the damage to reinforced concrete shear walls, the infill wall damage, and the damage caused by the soil and foundation system. These causes have been evaluated and recommendations have been formulated to prevent structural damage.
Keeping cognition kinky: a reply to Moyal-Sharrock on contentful cognition and its origins
Authors: Hutto Daniel D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdvocates of radical enactivism maintain that contentful cognition is kinky, and that we need a kinky explanation of its natural origins (Hutto & Satne 2017, Hutto, D. D., & Myin, E. (2017). Evolving enactivism. MIT Press.). In advancing this idea, they maintain that there are qualitatively important cognitive differences between creatures capable of full-fledged contentful thought and speech and those which are not. Moreover, they maintain that the capacity for full-fledged contentful cognition needs special kind of explanation – it needs an explanation that isn’t a simple tale of the mere elaboration or embellishment of prior existing forms of cognition. Moyal-Sharrock (2021a, 2021b) rejects the need to introduce kinks of either sort. This contribution responds to her critical assessment, defending the radical enactivist stance on the need to keep contentful cognition kinky.
The TimeUse+ data set: 4 weeks of time use and expenditure data based on GPS tracks
Authors: Winkler Caroline , Meister Adrian , Axhausen Kay W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis data paper introduces the TimeUse+ data set and outlines the comprehensive survey methodologies employed in its collection. The TimeUse+ study comprised two online questionnaires and a smartphone-based diary, recording travel, time use, and expenditure data. Participants were instructed to utilize the TimeUse+ application over a 4-week period. The app passively tracked participants’ movements via GPS and enabled them to annotate their trips and time spent at fixed locations with relevant time use and expenditure information. We begin by providing an overview of extant research on smartphone-based activity-travel diaries and the survey methodological research that informed the TimeUse+ app’s design. We then delineate the study design and components of TimeUse+, highlighting insights derived from prior focus groups and pretests. The data analyzed in this study were collected during the main study wave of TimeUse+, conducted in German-speaking Switzerland from July 2022 to February 2023. Approximately 63,000 individuals were invited to participate, of which approximately 10% initially indicated interest. Despite the study’s extensive and burdensome nature, we observed a net response rate of 2.1%. We present findings related to travel behavior, time use patterns, and expenditure habits, and discuss the challenges faced and lessons learned during each stage of development and execution of the TimeUse+ study. These extensive longitudinal data, which include validated information on travel mode and purpose, as well as detailed data on duration, social partners, and expenditures associated with activities performed at each destination, are being made available for further research.
Promoting active transportation: A comparative assessment of paths and prices
Authors: Mihailova Darja , Vance Colin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe time people spend traveling has far reaching implications for their health and for environmental outcomes. Urban planning paradigms—such as that of the "15-minute city"—have consequently endeavoured to bring key services and amenities to residents within a walkable or cycleable 15–20-minute distance. These efforts notwithstanding, the policy levers that influence travel-related time allocation remain poorly understood. Drawing on a panel of household travel data from Germany covering 2005–2020, the present study analyses the role of 2 such levers—bicycle/pedestrian paths and fuel prices—as determinants of time allocation across modes. We start with a descriptive analysis that identifies a stable average travel time expenditure ranging between 65–70 min for women and 75–80 min for men until 2020, when it dropped precipitously as COVID-19 spread. We subsequently estimate fractional response models to identify the influence of the policy variables on time expenditures across motorized, nonmotorized, and public transit modes. We complete the analysis by feeding the model estimates into the World Heath Organization’s on-line Health and Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) to quantify the health and environmental impacts of the planned expansion of the bike path network in the city of Munich, comparing this with the impact of Germany’s recently introduced carbon tax on fuel. Both measures result in substantial benefits, with the implementation of the tax yielding a considerably higher benefit/cost ratio owing to its lower cost of implementation.
Diasporic Philanthropy and the Sense of Belonging as an Expression of Diasporic Cultural Identity and Inclusion
Authors: Ouacha Malika , Meijs Lucas , Biekart Kees 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examines how performing diaspora philanthropy in the country of origin (Morocco) and the experience of integration and inclusion in the country of residence (Netherlands) influences the sense of belonging amongst cross-border diasporic philanthropists. The examination combines theories on migration, cross-border diasporic philanthropy and the sense of belonging. Based on a qualitative exploration of the perspectives and motives of individual cross-border diasporic philanthropists (N = 30), the analysis reveals a profile of cross-border diasporic philanthropists for whom country of residence serves as a positive reference, due to the constant experience of inclusion. They use their country of residence as a reference for social change in their country of origin. This generates a sense of belonging amongst diasporic philanthropists. The findings of this study contribute to the existing literature on the sense of belonging within diasporic communities and cross-border diasporic philanthropists, thereby enhancing understanding of motivations for diasporic philanthropy.
Analysis types and quantification methods applied in UHPLC-MS metabolomics research: a tutorial
Authors: Beger Richard D. , Goodacre Royston , Jones Christina M. , Lippa Katrice A. , Mayboroda Oleg A. , O’Neill Donna , Najdekr Lukas , Ntai Ioanna , Wilson Ian D. , Dunn Warwick B. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Different types of analytical methods, with different characteristics, are applied in metabolomics and lipidomics research and include untargeted, targeted and semi-targeted methods. Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry is one of the most frequently applied measurement instruments in metabolomics because of its ability to detect a large number of water-soluble and lipid metabolites over a wide range of concentrations in short analysis times. Methods applied for the detection and quantification of metabolites differ and can either report a (normalised) peak area or an absolute concentration.

Aim of review
In this tutorial we aim to (1) define similarities and differences between different analytical approaches applied in metabolomics and (2) define how amounts or absolute concentrations of endogenous metabolites can be determined together with the advantages and limitations of each approach in relation to the accuracy and precision when concentrations are reported.

Key scientific concepts of review
The pre-analysis knowledge of metabolites to be targeted, the requirement for (normalised) peak responses or absolute concentrations to be reported and the number of metabolites to be reported define whether an untargeted, targeted or semi-targeted method is applied. Fully untargeted methods can only provide (normalised) peak responses and fold changes which can be reported even when the structural identity of the metabolite is not known. Targeted methods, where the analytes are known prior to the analysis, can also report fold changes. Semi-targeted methods apply a mix of characteristics of both untargeted and targeted assays. For the reporting of absolute concentrations of metabolites, the analytes are not only predefined but optimized analytical methods should be developed and validated for each analyte so that the accuracy and precision of concentration data collected for biological samples can be reported as fit for purpose and be reviewed by the scientific community.
Body fat distribution and bone mineral density in a multi-ethnic sample of postmenopausal women in The Malaysian Cohort
Authors: Bihun Holly , Abdullah Noraidatulakma , Abdul Murad Nor Azian , Chin Siok Fong , Arifin Azwa Shawani Kamalul , Khuzaimi Aisyatul Najihah , Karpe Fredrik , Lewington Sarah , Carter Jennifer , Bragg Fiona , Jamal Rahman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Summary
In this study of postmenopausal women in Malaysia, total adiposity was inversely associated with total BMD, while regional associations varied. No differences were detected across Malay, Chinese, and Indian ethnicities. Low BMD contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality, and increasing adiposity levels globally may be contributing to this.

Purpose
To investigate associations of total and regional adiposity with bone mineral density (BMD) among a multi-ethnic cohort of postmenopausal women.

Methods
Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) imaging was undertaken for 1990 postmenopausal women without prior chronic diseases (30% Malay, 53% Chinese, and 17% Indian) from The Malaysian Cohort (TMC). The strength of the associations between standardized total and regional body fat percentages with total and regional BMD was examined using linear regression models adjusted for age, height, lean mass, ethnicity, education, and diabetes. Effect modification was assessed for ethnicity.

Results
Women with a higher total body fat percentage were more likely to be Indian or Malay. Mean (SD) BMD for the whole-body total, lumbar spine, leg, and arm were 1.08 (0.11), 0.96 (0.15), 2.21 (0.22), and 1.36 (0.12) g/cm2, respectively. Total body and visceral fat percentage were inversely associated with total BMD (− 0.02 [95% CI − 0.03, − 0.01] and − 0.01 [− 0.02, − 0.006] g/cm2 per 1 SD, respectively). In contrast, subcutaneous and gynoid fat percentages were positively associated with BMD (0.007 [0.002, 0.01] and 0.01 [0.006, 0.02] g/cm2, respectively). Total body fat percentage showed a weak positive association with lumbar BMD (0.01 [0.004, 0.02]) and inverse associations with leg (− 0.04 [− 0.06, − 0.03]) and arm (− 0.02 [− 0.03, − 0.02]) BMD in the highest four quintiles. There was no effect modification by ethnicity (phetero > 0.05).

Conclusion
Total adiposity was inversely associated with total BMD, although regional associations varied. There was no heterogeneity across ethnic groups suggesting adiposity may be a risk factor for low BMD across diverse populations.
In Situ Measurements of NiAl Precipitation During Aging of Dual Hardening Hybrid Steels
Authors: Hörnqvist Colliander Magnus , Ooi Steve , Lindgren Kristina , Müller Timo , Thuvander Mattias 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe performance of modern dual hardening steels strongly relies on a well-controlled precipitation processes during manufacturing and heat treatment. Here, the precipitation of intermetallic β-NiAl in recently developed dual hardening steels has been investigated during aging using combined high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction and small-angle scattering. The effects of heating rate and aging temperature on the precipitation kinetics and lattice mismatch in two alloys (Hybrid 55 and Hybrid 60) were studied. Precipitation starts already during heating, typically in the temperature range 450 °C to 500 °C. The precipitation process is significantly faster at 570 °C compared to 545 °C for both steel grades, and the number density reaches its maximum already within 1 hours during aging at 545 °C and within 15 minutes during aging at 570 °C. The effect of heating rate is limited, but the precipitation during heating increases in Hybrid 60 when slower heating rate is used. This led to slightly higher volume fractions during subsequent aging, but did not affect the particle size. The lattice mismatch between β-NiAl and the matrix initially develops rapidly with time during aging, presumably due to a developing chemistry of the β phase, until a particle size of around 1.5 nm is reached, whereafter it saturates. After saturation, the lattice mismatch is small, but positive, and independent of temperature during cooling.
Momelotinib versus ruxolitinib in JAK inhibitor-naïve patients with myelofibrosis: an efficacy/safety analysis in the Japanese subgroup of the phase 3 randomized SIMPLIFY-1 trial
Authors: Shimoda Kazuya , Komatsu Norio , Matsumura Itaru , Ikeda Kazuhiko , Hino Masayuki , Hidaka Michihiro , Maeda Yoshinobu , Kondo Takeshi , Fujisaki Tomoaki , Shoshi Keita , Azuma Kyoichi , Fukushima Ryuichi , Kawashima Jun , Kosugi Hiroshi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMomelotinib, an oral Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 and activin A receptor type 1 inhibitor, improved symptoms, splenomegaly, and anemia in patients with myelofibrosis (MF). This sub-analysis of SIMPLIFY-1 evaluated the efficacy and safety of momelotinib versus ruxolitinib in Japanese patients with JAK inhibitor (JAKi)-naïve MF. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive momelotinib 200 mg once daily or ruxolitinib 20 mg twice daily (or modified based on label) for 24 weeks, after which patients could receive open-label momelotinib. The primary endpoint was splenic response rate (SRR; ≥ 35% reduction in spleen volume) at 24 weeks; main secondary endpoints were total symptom score (TSS) response (≥ 50% reduction) and transfusion independence (TI) rates. Fifteen Japanese patients (momelotinib, n = 6; ruxolitinib, n = 9) were enrolled; all completed treatment. At Week 24, SRR was 50.0% with momelotinib and 44.4% with ruxolitinib. TSS response rates were 33.3% and 0%, and TI rates were 83.3% and 44.4%. Any-grade treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) rates were 83.3% with momelotinib and 88.9% with ruxolitinib. Grade 3/4 TRAE rates were 0% and 55.6%, with specific events being anemia (55.6%) and vertigo (11.1%) with ruxolitinib. Momelotinib was well tolerated, improved spleen and symptom responses, and reduced transfusion requirements in Japanese patients with JAKi-naïve MF.
Outcome of whole brain irradiation with a dose-escalated simultaneous-integrated boost in patients with multiple large and/or diffuse brain metastases: real live data and review of the literature
Authors: Agolli Linda , Nicosia Luca , Hilger Thomas , Iancu Gheorghe , Exeli Ann-Katrin , Eul Bastian , Struffert Tobias , Acker Till , Habermehl Daniel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
We retrospectively investigate feasibility and safety of whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) including a simultaneous-integrated boost technique (WBRT-SIB) in a cohort of patients with a very poor prognosis suffering from multiple and/or large brain metastases, unfavorable primary histology, poor performance status and/or symptomatic BMs.

Materials and Methods
Thirty-five patients with high brain tumor burden, extracranial metastases and low life-expectancy were treated with WBRT-SIB mostly with 35-42 Gy/14 fractions. All metastases were boosted in patients with up to 12 BMs. In patients with > 12 BM, large and/or small metastases in critical brain regions were boosted up to a maximum of 12 SIB volumes.

Results
The median number of BM was 8 (range 2–45) and the median BM diameter was 12 mm (range 4–90 mm). Fifteen (43%) patients had ≥ 10 BMs and 25 patients presented with a Karnofski index ≤ 80%. Primary tumor histology was NSCLC (n = 13), SCLC (n = 11), breast cancer (n = 7), melanoma (n = 2), other (n = 2). The median iPFS was not reached, and 12- and 18-months iPFS were 75% and 50%, respectively. Overall, seven patients had intracranial progression: two patients within the SIB and WBRT area, one patient only within the SIB region and four patients had new BMs in the WBRT volume alone. The median iPFS for non-SCLC patients was 17 months and the 12- and 18-month iPFS were 56.8% and 28.4%, respectively. There was no significant OS difference between SCLC-group and non-SCLC patients (p = 0.38). Overall, median OS was 8.7 months and 1-year OS was 25%. The treatment was generally well-tolerated with no observed cases of radionecrosis.

Conclusion
Our WBRT-SIB approach involves a combination of whole brain radiotherapy and a simultaneous integrated boost to specific tumor volumes, and its effectiveness is compared with other treatment modalities in the literature. Further research, including prospective studies with larger patient cohorts, is necessary to validate and refine the findings.
Searching for Sonin kernels
Authors: Ortigueira Manuel D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe causal shift-invariant convolution is studied from the point of view of inversion. Abel’s algorithm, used in the tautochrone problem, is considered and Sonin’s existence condition is deduced. To generate pairs of functions verifying Sonin’s condition, the class of Mittag-Leffler type functions is used. In particular, functions that are impulse responses of ARMA(N,N) systems serve as a basis. The possible use of Abel’s procedure as a support for introducing generalized fractional derivatives is evaluated.