bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clonal growth forms in Arctic plants and their habitat preferences: a study from Petuniabukta, Spitsbergen
Authors: Klimešová Jitka , Doležal Jiří , Prach Karel , Košnar Jiří 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The ability to grow clonally is generally considered important for plants in Arctic regions but analyses of clonal characteristics are lacking for entire plant communities. To fill this gap, we assessed the clonal growth of 78 plant species in the Petuniabukta region, central Spitsbergen (Svalbard), and analyzed the clonal and other life-history traits in the re- gional flora and plant communities with respect to environmental gradients. We distin- guished five categories of clonal growth organs: perennial main roots produced by non- clonal plants, epigeogenous rhizomes, hypogeogenous rhizomes, bulbils, and stolons. Clonal growth differed among communities of the Petuniabukta region: non-clonal plants prevailed in open, early-successional communities, but clonal plants prevailed in wetlands. While the occurrence of plants with epigeogenous rhizomes was unrelated to stoniness or slope, the occurrence of plants with hypogeogenous rhizomes diminished with increasing stoniness of the substratum. Although the overall proportion of clonal plants in the flora of the Petuniabukta region was comparable to that of central Europe, the flora of the Petunia- bukta region had fewer types of clonal growth organs, a slower rate of lateral spread, and a different proportion of the two types of rhizomes.
Biogeography of Phormidium autumnale (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria) in western and central Spitsbergen
Authors: Strunecký Otakar , Komárek Jiří , Elster Josef 
Published: January 2013

AbstractFilamentous types from the order Oscillatoriales, particularly the speciesPhor-midium autumnale, have widely diverse morphotypes, which dominate in Arctic aquatic microbial mats and wet soils. We cultivated 25 strains ofPh.autumnalefrom Svalbard and compared them with available strains from surrounding regions. The comparison of strains, based on 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer sequences, revealed the similar- ity of strains from Ellesmere Island, the Canadian Arctic and Abisko, Sweden with strains from Svalbard. The rate of colonization ofPh. atumnalefrom aquatic habitats is relatively high and we suggest geese as a main transmission vector from surrounding lands. Strains ofPh. autumnalewere positioned in the phylogenetic tree according to their occurrence in similar habitats. An apparent clustering factor is the duration of availability of water in lakes and long-lasting streams in contrast to rapid and repeated desiccation in soil and on wetted rock in the spray zone of waterfalls. Strains that grow in very cold waters just above the melting point of snow or ice form a distinct genetic group. The strains investigated in this study show morphological similarity in the shape of the trichomes of the studied specimens. Overall, the cell diameter, except for terminal cells, of our strains varied between 3 and 10 μm. Comparison of 16S rDNA sequences of the genusPh. autumnalewith the previ- ously published definition of the speciesMicrocoleus vaginatusrevealed the identity of these two species.
What do Holocene sediments in Petuniabukta, Spitsbergen reveal?
Authors: Bernardová Alexandra , Košnar Jiří 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Studies of past vegetation from the inner fjords of the Svalbard archipelago have not previously been reported. This study assesses the potential of sediments retrieved from two sites in Petuniabukta, Billefjorden to track vegetation response to Quaternary climate change. The first sediment profile was retrieved from periodic lake on a 4 m a.s.l. marine terrace with a basal radiocarbon dated to 5 080 ± 30 BP, the second was retrieved from a de- pression in wet tundra on a 24m a.s.l. marine terrace, which upper part was dated to 9 470 ± 30 BP. The study is primarily focused on macro- and micro-fossils. Pollen grains are pres- ent in very low concentrations. Macro-fossils were represented mostly by leafs and buds of Salix species and Dryas octopetala as well as the hybrid Salix herbacea x polaris. Fossil moss remains represent an important part of arctic ecosystems. Tardigrada remains were found in the sediments in high abundance whilst eggs and exuviae of at least six species were identified. The sediments are definitely suitable for the reconstruction of past condi- tions. However, it is necessary to take care not to focus at single type of analysis, as pollen analysis appeared uninformative and more information was obtained from plant macro- fossils (mosses, vascular plants). Little attention has been given to Tardigrada in the past, as they were overlooked and the preservation in sediments is usually very low.
Cyanobacterial diversity of Petuniabukta, Billefjorden, central Spitsbergen
Authors: Komárek Jiří , Kováčik Lubomír , Elster Josef , Komárek Ondřej 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The diversity of cyanobacterial assemblages from various microhabitats in the Arctic area of Petuniabukta, Billefjorden, central Svalbard, was described. The present article contains the introductory common review of the cyanobacterial diversity and ecological data concerning main habitats, while the characteristics of individual taxonomic groups will be presented in following specific studies. Eight distinct main habitats were recognized, which differed in their species composition and especially the dominant species. More than 80 morphospecies were registered during our investigation, but only about 1/3 of them could be assigned to known and described taxa. The others require additional analyses based on mod- ern taxonomic methods (the polyphasic approach). The composition of cyanobacterial micro- flora was comparable with assemblages in coastal Antarctica. The diversity of unicellular and colonial morphotypes (36 taxa) was higher than other groups. The number of filamentous spe- cies without heterocytes and akinetes, with 30 species, and heterocytous types, with only 20 species, were similar in both of these ecosystems. These numbers will be surely changed in the future, but the overall proportion of different groups will likely stay the same. In contrast to the limited species diversity, simple filamentous aheterocytous species were dominant and formed massive populations. Few heterocytous taxa,mostly groupedwithin the genus Nostoc (N. commune-complex), were dominant in tundra soils.
Weather patterns of the coastal zone of Petuniabukta, central Spitsbergen in the period 2008–2010
Authors: Láska Kamil , Witoszová Denisa , Prošek Pavel 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
This paper presents the first results of measurements of global solar radiation, albedo, ground surface and 2-m air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed and di- rection carried out in the central part of Spitsbergen Island in the period 2008-2010. The study site was located on the coastal ice-free zone of Petuniabukta (north-western branch of Billefjorden), which was strongly affected by local topography, character of the ground sur- face, and sea ice extent. Temporal analysis of the selected meteorological parameters shows both strong seasonal and inter-diurnal variation affected by synoptic-scale weather systems, channelling and drainage effects of the fjords and surrounding glaciers. The prevailing pat- tern of atmospheric circulation primarily determined the variation in global solar radiation, wind speed, ground surface and 2-m air temperatures. Furthermore, it was found that ther- mal differences between Petuniabukta and the nearest meteorological station (Svalbard Lufthavn) differ significantly due to differences in sea ice concentrations and ice types in the fjords during the winter and spring months.
Logic level of workpiece object database oriented on manufacturing features
Authors: Pobożniak Janusz 
Published: January 2013

Logic level of workpiece object database oriented on manufacturing features
Manufacturing features are widely accepted as a means for the integration of CAD/CAPP/CAM systems. Despite high number of works in this area, the investigations on the logic structure of the databases used for the storage and processing of manufacturing features are very limited. The paper presents the logic level of the object database oriented on manufacturing features. This level consists of four layers: topics, structures, attributes and methods. Each of these layers is discussed and illustrated with the examples taken from the workpiece modeling subsystem of rotational parts with non-rotational features.
Evaluation of accuracy and reproducibility of the optical measuring system in cast machine tool body assessment
Authors: Gessner Andrzej , Staniek Roman 
Published: January 2013

Evaluation of accuracy and reproducibility of the optical measuring system in cast machine tool body assessment
The hereby presented study puts forth the fundamentals of an innovative technology enabling rapid assessment of machine tool cast shape by elimination of manual marking out requirement and machining surplus minimization. The new technique is based on optical measuring system utilization for the design of virtual cast models and their comparative analysis with structural models. Two small scale machine tool body casts were selected for the investigation. The measurements were conducted in triplicate series for each cast labeled with reference markers, by means of Atos GOM II optical scanner. For further comparison, one of the casts was additionally scanned without labeling. Flatness parameters of selected cast surfaces were determined for geometric accuracy evaluation and the scanned cast shapes were compared with reference models. The comparison results were recorded as multicolored maps projected upon the experimental cast and reference model surfaces. Practical map interpretation was further elucidated and the surplus sizes on the machined surfaces were assessed accordingly. Comparative analyses of individual models were demonstrated for all measurement series of both casts, affording reproducibility evaluation of optical scanning system measurements. Economic viability of the proposed technology market implementation was unequivocally established, as it provides for considerable reduction in the cast machining scale as well as the quality control of 100%.
Thirty-seven years of archives of environmental protection
Authors: Rosik-Dulewska Czesława , Michalski Rajmund 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Archives of Environmental Protection is the oldest Polish scientifi c journal regarding environmental engineering and protection. It has been published by the Institute of Environmental Engineering of PAS in Zabrze since 1975. The Committee on Environmental Engineering of PAS became its co-publisher in 2011. The quarterly publishes original articles (earlier, also announcements) concerning broadly understood areas of the environmental engineering and protection. The subjects include: air, land and water protection; technologies of fl ue gases, soil and wastewater treatment; transformations and transportation of pollutants in the environment; measurement techniques used in research and engineering as well as environmental monitoring. The published articles also focus on the reclamation and management of derelict lands, environmental management and other questions related to the environmental engineering and protection.
The journal has been abstracted by Thomson Scientific since 2006 in the following databases: Science Citation Index Expanded, Biological Abstracts and BIOSIS Previews. Moreover, the journal was given the impact factor (IF) in 2010. The following article presents statistical data as well as a brief history and description of the journal.
Prognosis of environmental impact of trace elements from brown coal-fired power plant “Bełchatów”
Authors: Konieczyński Jan , Komosiński Bogusław , Cieślik Ewelina 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A forecast of the negative impact exerted on the environment by selected trace elements in “Bełchatów” Power Plant has been prepared on the basis of the results of investigations into these elements’ distribution carried out as part of earlier research on coal from “Bełchatów” Field and the data on updated analyses of the content of these elements in 55 brown coal samples from test boreholes.
Work in “Bełchatów” Power Plant, which is supplied with coal from “Szczerców” Field, will be accompanied by trace elements transfer. On the basis of the conducted investigations it has been found that the biosphere is most threatened by mercury emissions. As shown by the presented results of analyses and calculations, the emissions of mercury in “Bełchatów” Power Plant are low. Mercury is accumulated chiefl y in gypsum produced in the FGD plant. The content of mercury in slag and ash is low.
Dynamics of clogging processes in injection wells used to pump highly mineralized thermal waters into the sandstone structures lying under the polish lowlands
Authors: Tomaszewska Barbara , Pająk Leszek 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
When identifying the conditions required for the sustainable and long-term exploitation of geothermal resources it is very important to assess the dynamics of processes linked to the formation, migration and deposition of particles in geothermal systems. Such particles often cause clogging and damage to the boreholes and source reservoirs. Solid particles: products of corrosion processes, secondary precipitation from geothermal water or particles from the rock formations holding the source reservoir, may settle in the surface installations and lead to clogging of the injection wells. The paper proposes a mathematical model for changes in the absorbance index and the water injection pressure required over time. This was determined from the operating conditions for a model system consisting of a doublet of geothermal wells (extraction and injection well) and using the water occurring in Liassic sandstone structures in the Polish Lowland. Calculations were based on real data and conditions found in the Skierniewice GT-2 source reservoir intake. The main product of secondary mineral precipitation is calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite and calcite. It has been demonstrated that clogging of the active zone causes a particularly high surge in injection pressure during the fi rst 24 hours of pumping. In subsequent hours, pressure increases are close to linear and gradually grow to a level of ~2.2 MPa after 120 hours. The absorbance index decreases at a particularly fast rate during the fi rst six hours (Figure 4). Over the period of time analysed, its value decreases from over 42 to approximately 18 m3/h/MPa after 120 hours from initiation of the injection. These estimated results have been confi rmed in practice by real-life investigation of an injection well. The absorbance index recorded during the hydrodynamic tests decreased to approximately 20 m3/h/MPa after 120 hours.
Possible applications of hardening slurries with fluidal ashes in environment protection structures
Authors: Falaciński Paweł 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
This article presents ways of possible utilization and application of fl uidal combustion wastes as active additives to hardening slurries which are used to seal environment protection structures, i.e. cut-off walls in waste dumps and wastewater treatment plants. Cut-off walls are often exposed to fi ltrating action of eluates - polluted (aggressive) waters. Results of hydraulic conductivity tests of slurries after their long-term (210 days) fi ltration with eluates from a municipal waste dump and with tap water are presented. Porosity tests were also conducted to show the porosity structure of the fi ltered slurries. Additionally, compressive strength of slurries maturing in tap water and waste dump eluates was tested in parallel.
Evaluation of anthropogenic pollution in river water based on the genetic diversity of Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Korzekwa Karol , Gołaś Iwona , Harnisz Monika 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a valuable indicator of the quality of water polluted by sewage and pathogens that pose a risk for humans and cold-blooded animals, including fi sh. The main aim of this research was to evaluate anthropogenic pollution of river water based on genetic diversity of 82 A. hydrophila strains by means of RAPD, semi-random AP-PCR (ISJ) and the rep-BOX conservative repeats test. Genetic diversity of A. hydrophila was HT = 0.28 (SD = 0.02) for all DNA markers (RAPD, semi random and rep-BOX). None of the analyzed electrophoretic patterns was identical, implying that there were many sources of strain transmission. The presence of genes for aerolysin (aerA), hemolysin (ahh1) and the cytotoxic enzyme complex (AHCYTOGEN) was verifi ed for all tested strains, and drug resistance patterns for tetracycline, enrofl oxacin and erythromycin were determined. The most diverse A. hydrophila strains isolated from river water were susceptible to enrofl oxacine (HS = 0.27), whereas less diverse strains were susceptible to erythromycin (HS = 0.24). The presence of the multidrug resistance marker (ISJ4-25; 1100 bp locus) in the examined strains (resistant to three analyzed drugs) indicates that intensive fi sh cultivation affects the microbiological quality of river water.
Mit i egzystencja. Czarodziejska góra Tomasza Manna jako powieść antyinicjacyjna?
Authors: Brzozowska Sabina 
Published: January 2013

Summary
This article presents one of the many possible interpretations of Thomas Mann’s The MagicMountain without drawing an definitive conclusion. Hans Castorp’s experiences at Davos are explored in the context of the ritual of initiation and regeneration featured in Friedrich Nietzsche’s The Birth of Tragedy. In Mann’s novel Castorp’s encounter with the death-tainted sanatorium routine carries a suggestion of an absorption into a community performing its rituals. However, unlike the Nietzschean mysteries these rituals pull its participants into a unregenerative circle of formlessness. In the initiation ritual the descent (kathodos) should be followed by an ascent (anodos). In the Hades of the Berghof Hans Castorp can be seen to dive into the recesses of his own memory, the primeval memory of mankind, the secrets of the human body and the depths of the subconscious. However, his dip does not issue in an ascent. His grip on reality remains at best enigmatic; he is not able to break out of the narrow compass of the sanatorium. When he returns to the plains, to historical time, it is a descent to the hell of war. To sum up, whereas the Dionysian myth is associated with the motif of a fertile underworld, Castorp is not likely to experience regeneration.
Teleowitalizm mityczny czy utopijna afazja? O „Wyspie” Leopolda Staffa
Authors: Maj Krzysztof M. 
Published: January 2013

Summary
This is an attempt at outlining the philosophical and literary framework of Leopold Staff’s TheIsland. Rarely analyzed, the poem, made distinct by its universalist tone, does invite a fresh reading, especially one going beyond the narrow contexts and procedures of literary history. This approach is premised on the potential co-existence of the differentiae specificae of Staff’s poetic philosophy and the phenomena that are determined by it even though validated by a different discursive principle. Crucial to this analysis are two philosophical categories, mythical teleovitalism (a term coined by Jerzy Kwiatkowski and suited like no other to capture the specific quality of Staff’s poetry,) and a utopian aphasia (ie. a critical distance towards all utopias undercut by a longing for some form of utopian projection - an attitude that can be found across a wide range of classicist poetics). It is argued that these two categories have a key role in organizing the structure of the poem which deals with the submerged tensions between an appreciative and an unapproving view of a dream about ‘a mystery island’.
„Rzymski” Żyd – nieznana twórczość Romana Brandstaettera
Authors: Konrad Sikorski Dariusz 
Published: January 2013

Summary
After 1946, ie. after embracing Christianity, Roman Brandstaetter would often point to the Biblical Jonah as a role model for both his life and his artistic endeavour. In the interwar period, when he was a columnist of Nowy Głos, a New York Polish-Jewish periodical, he used the penname Romanus. The ‘Roman’ Jew appears to have treated his columns as a form of an artistic and civic ‘investigation’ into scandalous cases of breaking the law, destruction of cultural values and violation of social norms. Although it his was hardly ‘a new voice’ with the potential to change the course of history, he did become an intransigent defender of free speech. Brought up on the Bible and the best traditions of Polish literature and culture, Brandstaetter, the self-appointed disciple of Adam Mickiewicz, could not but stand up to the challenge of anti-Semitic aggression.
Participation in Community Walking Following Stroke: The Influence of Self-Perceived Environmental Barriers
Authors: Robinson Cynthia A. , Matsuda Patricia Noritake , Ciol Marcia A. , Shumway-Cook Anne 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundCommunity walking is limited among survivors of stroke; however, the contributing factors are not clearly understood.ObjectiveThis study examined the association of features in the environment with frequency of community walking following stroke.DesignAn observational study design was used, with frequency of community walking data collected prospectively.MethodThirty survivors of stroke (mean age=67 years; mean months since stroke=40), and 30 older adults without stroke (mean age=68 years) participated. Frequency of community walking (number of trips, walking-related activities [WRA], and the ratio of WRA to trips) and satisfaction were measured using self-report. The Environmental Analysis of Mobility Questionnaire (EAMQ) was used to determine frequency of encounter with versus avoidance of environmental features during community walking. Negative binomial and linear regression models were used to analyze the association of environmental features with measures of community walking.ResultsSurvivors of stroke reported reduced community walking and fewer encounters with and greater avoidance of features within 8 dimensions of the environment compared with a control group of adults without stroke. Following stroke, avoidance of features in some environmental dimensions was associated with frequency of community walking as measured by number of trips, number of WRA, and the ratio of WRA to trips. Environmental features explained little of the variability in community walking.LimitationsLimitations included a small sample size and limited diversity among participants. This study examined only physical features in the environment and did not include other environmental factors, such as social support, which may influence participation.ConclusionsAvoidance of features within some, but not all, environmental dimensions was associated with self-reported frequency of community walking following stroke, suggesting that some environmental features may limit community walking more than others.