bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comportements d'agression chez les vertébrés supérieurs, notamment chez le chien domestique (Canis familiaris)
Authors: Deputte Bertrand L. 
Published: October 2014

À la différence de comportements cycliques comme les comportements alimentaire et reproducteur, les comportements d’agression sont essentiellement de nature réactionnelle et relationnelle. Ils ont pour fonction la mise à distance ou le maintien d’une distance entre des individus appartenant ou non à la même espèce. Ils se manifestent par des signaux de communication permettant de moduler l’expression de la motivation agressive en fonction de la réponse du protagoniste. Chez les espèces sociales qui forment des groupes permanents et cohérents, les comportements d’agression sont susceptibles de mettre en danger cette cohésion. Différents mécanismes régulateurs se sont installés au cours de l’évolution. Il s’agit d’une part, d’une gradation des manifestations agressives, permettant de moduler leur intensité en fonction de la motivation de l’individu et de la réponse du partenaire, et d’autre part, de la mise en place de comportements de soumission qui, contrairement aux comportements d’évitement et de fuite, permettent de répondre de manière adaptée aux comportements agressifs d’un congénère, tout en se maintenant à proximité. Ces deux mécanismes permettent de réduire les effets négatifs de l’agression sur la cohésion des groupes. Chez les carnivores comme le chien, Canis familiaris,
il faut distinguer l’agression et la prédation, ces deux comportements ayant une fonction opposée : mise à distance d’une part et capture d’autre part. D’autres arguments en relation avec les signaux émis, la présence ou l’absence d’une phase appétitive, et avec les structures cérébrales impliquées, viennent conforter la nécessité de cette distinction. Dans le contexte de la relation interspécifique homme-chien, fait exceptionnel dans le règne animal, les comportements d’agression du chien doivent être encore plus étroitement canalisés que dans un contexte social intraspécifique. La prise en compte des caractéristiques émotionnelles individuelles du chien et de certains traits héritables au cours de la sélection des races devrait permettre d’en limiter l’expression et les effets délétères.
Prévention des accidents par morsures canines
Authors:   Commission «Relations homme-animal» de l’Académie Vétérinaire de France
Published: October 2014

Ce document rapporte une mise au point sur le danger présenté par les morsures canines et propose un ensemble de mesures de longue haleine visant à en limiter le risque. L’origine du danger est liée à trois causes :
- agressivité normale en réaction à des conduites humaines inadaptées
- agressivité pathologique, soit innée, soit acquise
- agressivité dirigée, support d’actions délictueuses. Il est proposé un ensemble de mesures pour limiter les deux premières causes, la troisième faisant l’objet d’une réglementation appropriée. Ces mesures, qui doivent être considérées dans la durée, concernent les éleveurs, les propriétaires et le grand public. Un suivi comportemental réglementé des chiens pathologiquement agressifs est proposé. L’établissement de statistiques fiables et de tests d’agressivités validés sont recommandés.
Biosécurité en élevages de canards
Authors: Balloy Dominique 
Published: October 2014

Biosecurity in duks farms.
Duck and waterfowl farming techniques vary according to the physiological and biological characteristics of the species reared (muscovy ducks, pekin ducks, mules, geese), and to the production mode used. Sanitary risks include slurry management in productions on slats (muscovy or pekin ducks), and frequent mulching for other productions. Protection from wild birds is difficult to enforce in freerange systems (mules) or on farms where ducks have access to a pond (mallards). Production constraints require the intervention of numerous people, and sometimes of specialist companies, which necessarily carries health risks. The presence of healthy carriers of low pathogenic avian Influenza viruses in waterfowl farms means that these farms must be completely separated from other farms rearing more susceptible poultry species. Let us hope that biosecurity improvements will also have an effect on the frequent carriage of Chlamydophila psittaci and thus reduce the risk of zoonosis.
La dynamique de l'offre et de la demande laitière dans le monde
Authors: Jamet Jean-Paul 
Published: October 2014

Worldwide dynamics of dairy offer and demand.
Over the past ten years, the dairy industry was enjoying a steady growth, mainly in Asia (China, India and Pakistan), New Zealand, the United States and Brazil. However, like all main agricultural products, the market for dairy products was badly hit between 2007 and 2009. This caused a marked drop in consumption in the new consumer countries in Asia, and a contraction of the demand for cheese in developed countries. These wide market fluctuations, combined with a disinvestment of European public authorities, are jeopardising the dairy industry and clouding its future.
Transmisssion de l'immunité maternelle chez le porc et les ruminants après la naissance
Authors: Salmon Henri 
Published: October 2014

Transmission of maternal immunity in pigs and ruminants after birth.
In swine and ruminants, maternal immunoglobulins (Ig) do not reach the foetus before birth. In these species, passive immunity is transferred via the colostrum rich in IgG, which cross the newborn’s intestinal wall due to a temporary non-selective permeability. The newborn’s protection against pathogens is therefore provided initially by these colostral immunoglobulins, then by milk immunoglobulins, mainly IgG1 in ruminants and IgA in swine. In swine, IgA plasmocytes are generated by inducer sites in the intestine (Peyer’s patches) and in the upper airways (nasal mucosa, tonsils). These cells migrate to the mammary glands where they are recruited by vascular addressins and chemokines. This process provides a far greater excretion of IgA than the simple filtration of serum IgA. In ruminants, the lack of such addressins in the mammary gland explains the low levels of IgA plasmocytes in this organ. In these animals, both colostral and lactogenic immunity are provided by IgG1 filtered from the blood into the milk. Consequently, the improvement of colostral immunity in both species (IgG in swine and IgG1 in ruminants), and of lactogenic immunity in ruminants (IgG1) depends on the stimulation of the maternal systemic immune system, whereas the improvement of lactogenic immunity in swine (IgA) depends on the stimulation of the maternal mucosal inducer sites.
Taxonomie des hantavirus et situation des hantaviroses en France
Authors: Reynes Jean-Marc 
Published: October 2014

Hantavirus taxonomy and situation in France
Hantaviruses are viruses belonging to the family Bunyaviridae. Twenty-three species are officially reported but more than 70 taxa are not yet classified. Each virus taxa is usually associated with one natural host species, including rodents and soricomorphs. Sequences of new hantaviruses have also been recently detected in bats. Transmission of the virus between individuals occurred through direct contact or through inhalation of excretions or secretions. Using these routes, some rodents-borne hantaviruses can be transmitted to humans and cause a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or a cardiopulmonary syndrome (HPS). There is no specific treatment of the diseases. Three of these zoonotic viruses have been detected in Metropolitan France. Puumala virus, hosted by Myodes glareolus, is medically the most important. About 1000 HFRS have been detected for the last ten years in the North-East part of France. Outbreaks occur in this endemic area every two or three years. A peak in the detection of cases is observed by the end of spring. Adults, mainly men, are concerned. Wood handling, opening and cleaning of unused building, forest activities are occupations favoring the exposure to the virus. Seoul virus has been detected in its reservoir Rattus norvegicus in Lyon. Human cases have been serologically suspected but the first virological evidence of a human case occurred only in 2012. Tula virus has been detected in its natural host Microtus arvalis in Jura. No human case has been detected. Lastly Maripa virus has been described for the first time in French Guiana. This virus has been responsible for three HPS cases, including two fatal cases. Thirty years after the first detection of PUUV human cases, a lot remains to discover in the circulation of these viruses in the country.
Dépistage de la cardiomyopathie dilatée et de la fibrillation atriale chez le Lévrier Irlandais
Authors: Rousselot Jean-François 
Published: October 2014

Screening of dilated cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation in irish wolfhounds
In Irish Wolfhounds, dilated cardiomyopathy (over 25% of dogs) and idiopathic atrial fibrillation (approximately 1.6% of dogs) are frequent, serious, and irreversible hereditary conditions. To reduce their prevalence, the French breed club R. A. L. I. E. (Rassemblement des Amateurs de Lévriers d’Irlande et d’Ecosse) set up a screening programme designed to avoid using affected animals for reproduction. The protocol, based on the German model, includes three examinations to be performed by the veterinary practitioner : heart auscultation, two-dimensional and time motion echocardiography, and electrocardiography. The results must be sent to a reader who puts them in one of three categories : disease-free, equivocal, or diseased. The rating grid favours disease-free dogs. Unfortunately, no statistical study has yet shown a positive impact from this method. As there is no effective causal treatment and the genes responsible are still unknown, R. A. L. I. E is to be commended for setting up this breeding programme, even though it sometimes raised reservations.
Stable isotope estimates of evaporation : inflow and water residence time for lakes across the United States as a tool for national lake water quality assessments
Authors: Brooks J. Renée , Gibson John J. , Birks S. Jean , Weber Marc H. , Rodecap Kent D. , Stoddard John L. 
Published: October 2014

We used water δ2H and δ18O from ca. 1000 lakes sampled in the 2007 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Lakes Assessment (NLA) to assess two hydrological variables—evaporation as a percentage of inflow (E : I) and water residence time (τ) for summer 2007. Using a population survey design, sampled lakes were distributed across the conterminous U.S., and results were scaled to the inference population (∼50,000 U.S. lakes). These hydrologic variables were related to lake nutrients and biological condition to illustrate their usefulness in national water quality monitoring efforts. For 50% of lakes, evaporation was < 25% of inflow, with values ranging up to 113% during the 2007 summer. Residence time was < 0.52 yr for half of the lakes and < 1.12 yr for 75% of lakes. Categorizing lakes by flow regime, 66.1% of lakes were flow‐though lakes (60% or more of the water flows through the lake, E : I < 0.4), 33.6% were restricted‐basin lakes (40% or more of the lake inflow evaporates, 0.4 < E : I < 1), and < 0.3% were closed basin (all water entering the lake leaves through evaporation, E : I > 1). While climate patterns drove some of the spatial patterns of E : I and τ, variation in lake depth and watershed size (influencing precipitation volume) were also significant drivers. Lake hydrochemistry was strongly correlated to E : I and more weakly related to τ. Lakes in poor biological condition (based on a predictive model of planktonic taxa) were significantly more evaporated than lakes in good biological condition.
American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging and Clinicopathological High-Risk Predictors of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia: A Study From a Tertiary Eye Center in India
Authors: Chauhan Sheetal , Sen Seema , Sharma Anjana , Tandon Radhika , Kashyap Seema , Pushker Neelam , Vanathi Murugesan , Sharma Namrata 
Published: October 2014

ContextOcular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common tumor of conjunctival epithelium associated with risk of permanent visual impairment. It includes conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Although American Joint Committee on Cancer–TNM (AJCC-TNM) staging is commonly used in various tumors, it has only recently been described for OSSN.ObjectivesTo evaluate the prognostic relevance of AJCC-TNM staging and the clinicopathological features in OSSN.DesignSixty-four histopathologically proven cases of OSSN (20 conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia and 44 squamous cell carcinoma) were included in the study. The AJCC-TNM staging and clinicopathological features of OSSN cases were recorded. Patients were followed up for 17 to 40 months (median, 32 months). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the prognostic value of various clinicopathological features.ResultsLonger sunlight exposure (P = .01), diffuse growth pattern (P = .02), larger tumor size (≥2 cm) (P = .03), histopathological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma (P = .02), and orbital invasion or invasion of adjacent structures (T3 or T4) (P &lt; .001) emerged as significant predictors of reduced recurrence-free survival. Using multivariate analysis, a higher T category (T3 or T4) was the most important prognostic indicator of a poor outcome.ConclusionsA higher T category (T3 or T4) is an important predictor of clinical outcome, and the use of the AJCC-TNM staging system is recommended in the management of all patients with OSSN. Longer sunlight exposure, larger tumor size (≥2 cm), orbital invasion or invasion of adjacent structures (T3 or T4), and a histopathological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma are other clinicopathological features of prognostic relevance in patients with OSSN.
Diagnostic Approach to Eosinophilic Renal Neoplasms
Authors: Kryvenko Oleksandr N. , Jorda Merce , Argani Pedram , Epstein Jonathan I. 
Published: October 2014

ContextEosinophilic renal neoplasms include a spectrum of solid and papillary tumors ranging from indolent benign oncocytoma to highly aggressive malignancies. Recognition of the correct nature of the tumor, especially in biopsy specimens, is paramount for patient management.ObjectiveTo review the diagnostic approach to eosinophilic renal neoplasms with light microscopy and ancillary techniques.Data SourcesReview of the published literature and personal experience.ConclusionsThe following tumors are in the differential diagnosis of oncocytic renal cell neoplasm: oncocytoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC), hybrid tumor, tubulocystic carcinoma, papillary RCC, clear cell RCC with predominant eosinophilic cell morphology, follicular thyroid-like RCC, hereditary leiomyomatosis–associated RCC, acquired cystic disease–associated RCC, rhabdoid RCC, microphthalmia transcription factor translocation RCC, epithelioid angiomyolipoma, and unclassified RCC. In low-grade nonpapillary eosinophilic neoplasms, distinction between oncocytoma and low-grade RCC mostly rests on histomorphology; however, cytokeratin 7 immunostain may be helpful. In high-grade nonpapillary lesions, there is more of a role for ancillary techniques, including immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin 7, CA9, CD10, racemase, HMB45, and Melan-A. In papillary eosinophilic neoplasms, it is important to distinguish sporadic type 2 papillary RCC from microphthalmia transcription factor translocation and hereditary leiomyomatosis–associated RCC. Histologic and cytologic features along with immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization tests for TFE3 (Xp11.2) and TFEB [t(6;11)] are reliable confirmatory tests. Eosinophilic epithelial neoplasms with architecture, cytology, and/or immunoprofile not qualifying for either of the established types of RCC should be classified as unclassified eosinophilic RCC and arbitrarily assigned a grade (low or high).
The thermochemical structure of the lithosphere and upper mantle beneath south China: Results from multiobservable probabilistic inversion
Authors: Shan B. , Afonso J. C. , Yang Y. , Grose C. J. , Zheng Y. , Xiong X. , Zhou L. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe study the thermal and compositional structure of south China by jointly inverting Rayleigh wave dispersion data, geoid height, topography, and surface heat flow with a probabilistic (Bayesian) Monte Carlo method. We find that the lithosphere is thin (85–150 km) beneath the South China Fold system and thickens over the Yangtze Craton to maximum thicknesses of up to 250 km beneath the Sichuan Basin. Our inversion predicts that the lithospheric mantle beneath the South China Fold system and Yangtze Craton is highly fertile (Mg# ~88–90), in agreement with independent geochemical signatures from East China mantle xenoliths. Such fertile compositions, together with the relatively thin lithospheric thickness in the area, point toward a widespread metasomatism/refertilization event. We suggest, as others have, that a flat‐subduction episode and subsequent slab removal may have triggered both the delamination of the lowermost part of the subcontinental lithosphere and the generation of asthenospheric melts that metasomatized (refertilized) the remaining lithospheric mantle. Inconsistencies among geophysical observations and anomalously fertile compositions for the Sichuan Basin indicate that this region may be currently affected by small‐scale convection or delamination processes. Alternatively, the anomalous observations may be associated with an eastward push of Tibetan lithosphere beneath the Yangtze Craton.
Association Between Popliteal Artery Wall Thickness and Knee Structure in Adults Without Clinical Disease of the Knee: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Novera Diaz , Wluka Anita E. , Fairley Jessica , Giles Graham G. , O'Sullivan Richard , Cicuttini Flavia M. 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveThere is evidence of a vascular contribution to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to examine the association between popliteal artery wall thickness, which was previously shown to be associated with the risk of OA, and structural changes in the knee in an asymptomatic cohort.MethodsA total of 297 adults with no significant knee pain, injury, or history of clinical knee disease were recruited. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the knee at baseline and 2 years later. Popliteal artery wall thickness, knee cartilage volume, and bone marrow lesions (BMLs) were assessed.ResultsOf 278 participants with valid popliteal artery wall thickness measurements, 254 (91.4%) completed the 2‐year followup assessment. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and tibial bone area, increased popliteal artery wall thickness was found to be associated with a reduced medial tibial cartilage volume (B = −6.7 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) −12.9, −0.6], P = 0.03) and an increased rate of medial tibial cartilage volume loss (B = 0.06 [95% CI 0.01, 0.12], P = 0.03). There was a trend toward worsening of medial tibiofemoral BMLs in relation to increased popliteal artery wall thickness (odds ratio 1.07 [95% CI 0.99, 1.15]; P = 0.07). No significant associations with the lateral tibiofemoral compartment were observed.ConclusionIncreased popliteal artery wall thickness was associated with adverse changes in knee structure, as evidenced by reduced medial tibial cartilage volume, increased rate of cartilage volume loss, and a trend toward worsening of BMLs over 2 years. These findings suggest an association between vascular pathology and early structural changes in the knee, which supports the hypothesis that vascular health may play a role in the development of knee OA.
Comparison of in vivo and in vitro digestion on polyphenol composition in lingonberries: Potential impact on colonic health
Authors: Brown Emma M. , Nitecki Sonja , Pereira‐Caro Gema , McDougall Gordon J. , Stewart Derek , Rowland Ian , Crozier Alan , Gill Chris I.R. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe composition of polyphenols in ileal fluid samples obtained from an ileostomy subject after lingonberry intake was compared with lingonberry extracts obtained after simulated in vitro digestion (IVDL) and subsequent faecal fermentation (IVFL). HPLC‐PDA‐MS/MS analysis confirmed similar patterns of lingonberry (poly)phenolic metabolism after the in vivo and in vitro digestion, with reduced recovery of anthocyanins and a similar pattern of recovery for proanthocyanidins observed for both methods of digestion. On the other hand, the IVFL sample contained none of the original (poly)phenolic components but was enriched in simple aromatic components. Digested and fermented extracts exhibited significant (P < 0.05) anti‐genotoxic (Comet assay), anti‐mutagenic (Mutation Frequency assay), and anti‐invasive (Matrigel Invasion assay) effects in human cell culture models of colorectal cancer at physiologically‐relevant doses (0–50 μg/mL gallic acid equivalents). The ileal fluid induced significant anti‐genotoxic activity (P < 0.05), but at a higher concentration (200 μg/mL gallic acid equivalents) than the IVDL. Despite extensive structural modification following digestion and fermentation, lingonberry extracts retained their bioactivity in vitro. This reinforces the need for studies to consider the impact of digestion when investigating bioactivity of dietary phytochemicals. © 2014 BioFactors, 40(6):611–623, 2014
Single‐run HPLC/ESI‐LITMS profiling of ginsenosides in plant extracts and ginseng based products
Authors: Stavrianidi Andrey , Rodin Igor , Braun Arkady , Stekolshchikova Elena , Shpigun Oleg 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA rapid single‐run analytical approach suitable to achieve a comprehensive characterization of ginsenosides – the main bioactive compounds present in plant materials from Panax species and ginseng‐based products – was developed. The method is based on high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray positive ionization linear ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI‐LITMS). The main ions in the ESI‐LITMS spectra were attributed to molecular adducts with sodium and potassium and fragments corresponding to cleavage of the glycosidic bonds. The simplicity of the approach allows laborious sample preparation and sophisticated spectral information‐dependent acquisition to be avoided, and provides an opportunity for rapid screening. The method may replace existing HPLC‐DAD profiling approaches. The results of this study indicate that HPLC/ESI‐LITMS is applicable for quality control purposes on processed products and allows the rapid and direct identification of ginsenosides in crude plant extracts. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.