bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bifunctional cellulose derivatives for the removal of heavy‐metal ions and phenols: Synthesis and adsorption studies
Authors: Wu Ronglan , Tian Lingyuan , Wang Wei , Man Xiaolin 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, we report a study of the design and synthesis of a bifunctional cellulose derivative on the removal of phenols and heavy‐metal ions in wastewater treatment. A radical polymerization was performed in an ionic liquid, 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, to graft two monomers, butyl methacrylate and 4‐vinyl pyridine, on the backbone of cellulose. The effects of the five reaction conditions on the yield of final products were evaluated. The grafted celluloses were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Adsorption experiments were carried out on the cellulose‐g‐poly(butyl methacrylate‐co‐4‐vinyl pyridine) to evaluate the capacity of the removal of 2,4‐dichlorophenol (2,4‐DCP) and Cu(II) in water. The adsorption isotherms were measured at five temperatures and interpreted by a Langmuir model of adsorption. The thermodynamics of the adsorption suggested that the binding process was mildly exothermic for Cu(II) and endothermic for 2,4‐DCP. Kinetic studies were interpreted with a pseudo‐second‐order adsorption model. The process of the adsorption of 2,4‐DCP could be described overall by the model, whereas the adsorption of Cu(II) involved two processes. This was due to adsorption both on the surface and inside the adsorbent. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41830.
Fabrication of hierarchical wrinkled morphologies through sequential UVO treatments
Authors: Rodríguez‐Hernández Juan , del Campo Adolfo 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTThe fabrication, in a controlled manner, of well‐defined micrometer size topographical features on polymer surfaces is a great challenge due to the large variety of potential applications of these materials ranging from adhesion, optics to responsive interfaces. A challenging issue concerns the fabrication of interfaces having surface moieties with sizes at different length scales. Herein we describe the fabrication of hierarchical wrinkled surfaces involving two sequential ultraviolet‐ozone (UVO) treatments. This methodology allowed us to tailor the shape of PDMS surfaces and create a large variety of different patterns expected to have a broad range of applications requiring surface features with variable sizes. More interestingly, the employment of UVO treatments to produce surfaces with up to three distinct levels of order since they enable the rigidification of the interface by formation of a SiOx layer or the degradation of the PDMS surface when longer treatments. The surfaces prepared by using this approach presented patterns three different scales: the structure provided by the mask employed, the wrinkled surface inside of the directly exposed areas (related to the hole size of the mask) and the wrinkled surface protected during the first treatment by the mask (which is related to the mesh dimensions of the mask employed). © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41863.
Statistical inference on transit route‐level origin–destination flows using automatic passenger counter data
Authors: Ji Yuxiong , You Qiyuan , Jiang Shengchuan , Zhang Hongjun Michael 
Published: January 2015

SummaryWe consider inferring transit route‐level origin–destination (OD) flows using large amounts of automatic passenger counter (APC) boarding and alighting data based on a statistical formulation. One critical problem is that we need to enumerate the OD flow matrices that are consistent with the APC data for each bus trip to evaluate the model likelihood function. The OD enumeration problem has not been addressed satisfactorily in the literature. Thus, we propose a novel sampler to avoid the need to enumerate OD flow matrices by generating them recursively from the first alighting stop to the last stop of the bus route of interest. A Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method that incorporates the proposed sampler is developed to simulate the posterior distributions of the OD flows. Numerical investigations on an operational bus route under a realistic OD structure demonstrate the superiority of the proposed MCMC method over an existing MCMC method and a state‐of‐the‐practice method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Propensity‐matched comparison between Direct Flow Medical, Medtronic Corevalve, and Edwards Sapien XT prostheses: Device success, thirty‐day safety, and mortality
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Pyxaras Stylianos A. , Wolf Alexander , Schmitz Thomas , Naber Christoph K. 
Published: January 2015

AimsTo compare 30‐day performance of three different type of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) prosthesis: Direct Flow Medical (DFM), Medtronic Corevalve (MCV), and Edwards Sapien XT (ES). Methods and Results: Forty consecutive patients treated with DFM for severe aortic stenosis were matched to an equal sample of patients undergoing TAVI with MCV and ES (1:1:1 propensity score‐matching). Primary end‐point was 30‐day safety, defined according to the valve academic research consortium (VARC‐2) criteria. Secondary end‐points were: (i) immediate post‐TAVI transaortic gradient reduction, (ii) device success, and (iii) 30‐day mortality. Patients treated with DFM had higher 30‐day safety rate compared to MCV and ES (respectively: 95.0% vs. 67.5% vs. 82.5%; P = 0.006). Immediate post‐TAVI, transaortic gradient reduction was similar for DFM, MCV, and ES subgroups (respectively: 8.3 ± 5.2 mm Hg vs. 5.3 ± 3.7 mm Hg vs. 5.6 ± 5.1 mm Hg; P = 0.15); likewise, device success did not differ significantly (respectively: 100% vs. 92.5% vs. 92.5%; P = 0.19). Mortality rates were also similar (respectively: 0% vs. 7.5% vs. 7.5%; P = 0.190). In the pooled binary logistic regression analysis, blood transfusion was associated to 30‐day safety (HR 0.156, 95% CI 0.049–0.500, P = 0.002), while a significant trend was observed for the vascular closure device type (favoring Proglide vs. Prostar: HR 0.239, 95% CI 0.049–1.160, P = 0.076). Conclusions: In high‐risk patients with aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI, device success and short‐term mortality were comparable between DFM, MCV, and ES. In contrast, the 30‐day VARC‐defined safety primary end‐point was met significantly more frequently in patients treated with DFM. This result was mainly driven by differences in major vascular complications, associated to differences in vascular closure devices between the different valve subgroups. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Acetylene Absorption in a Polytetrafluoroethylene Hollow‐Fiber Membrane Contactor
Authors: Wang Xiaoxu , Gao Jia , Zhang Jianshu , Zhang Xiaopeng , Guo Ruili 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe separation of acetylene from a gas mixture was investigated using a polytetrafluoroethylene hollow‐fiber membrane contactor and 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone as absorbent. The effects of the gas velocity, the liquid velocity, the feed gas concentration, and the module length on the acetylene mass transfer were investigated. The results showed that the acetylene mass transfer flux increased with increasing liquid velocity, gas velocity, and feed gas concentration, but decreased with increasing membrane module length. A mathematical model was used to predict the wetting extent of the membrane and the mass transfer resistance in the acetylene mass transfer process. The wetting extent of the membrane was found to increase with increasing liquid velocity and to be effectively restrained with increasing gas velocity. The liquid phase resistance and the wetted‐membrane phase resistance controlled the acetylene mass transfer in the acetylene absorption process. The acetylene absorption efficiency was maintained at 90 % for 114 h of the C2H2 membrane absorption–thermal desorption cycle process.
How integrated are behavioral and endocrine stress response traits? A repeated measures approach to testing the stress‐coping style model
Authors: Boulton Kay , Couto Elsa , Grimmer Andrew J. , Earley Ryan L. , Canario Adelino V. M. , Wilson Alastair J. , Walling Craig A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIt is widely expected that physiological and behavioral stress responses will be integrated within divergent stress‐coping styles (SCS) and that these may represent opposite ends of a continuously varying reactive–proactive axis. If such a model is valid, then stress response traits should be repeatable and physiological and behavioral responses should also change in an integrated manner along a major axis of among‐individual variation. While there is some evidence of association between endocrine and behavioral stress response traits, few studies incorporate repeated observations of both. To test this model, we use a multivariate, repeated measures approach in a captive‐bred population of Xiphophorus birchmanni. We quantify among‐individual variation in behavioral stress response to an open field trial (OFT) with simulated predator attack (SPA) and measure waterborne steroid hormone levels (cortisol, 11‐ketotestosterone) before and after exposure. Under the mild stress stimulus (OFT), (multivariate) behavioral variation among individuals was consistent with a strong axis of personality (shy–bold) or coping style (reactive–proactive) variation. However, behavioral responses to a moderate stressor (SPA) were less repeatable, and robust statistical support for repeatable endocrine state over the full sampling period was limited to 11‐ketotestosterone. Although post hoc analysis suggested cortisol expression was repeatable over short time periods, qualitative relationships between behavior and glucocorticoid levels were counter to our a priori expectations. Thus, while our results clearly show among‐individual differences in behavioral and endocrine traits associated with stress response, the correlation structure between these is not consistent with a simple proactive–reactive axis of integrated stress‐coping style. Additionally, the low repeatability of cortisol suggests caution is warranted if single observations (or indeed repeat measures over short sampling periods) of glucocorticoid traits are used in ecological or evolutionary studies focussed at the individual level.
Heart failure and dementia: survival in relation to types of heart failure and different dementia disorders
Authors: Cermakova Pavla , Lund Lars H. , Fereshtehnejad Seyed‐Mohammad , Johnell Kristina , Winblad Bengt , Dahlström Ulf , Eriksdotter Maria , Religa Dorota 
Published: January 2015

AimsHeart failure (HF) and dementia frequently coexist, but little is known about their types, relationships to each other and prognosis. The aims were to (i) describe patients with HF and dementia, assess (ii) the proportion of specific dementia disorders in types of HF based on ejection fraction and (iii) the prognostic role of types of HF and dementia disorders.Methods and resultsThe Swedish Heart Failure Registry (RiksSvikt) and The Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem) were record‐linked. Associations between dementia disorders and HF types were assessed with multinomial logistic regression and survival was investigated with Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariable Cox regression. We studied 775 patients found in both registries (55% men, mean age 82 years). Ejection fraction was preserved in 38% of patients, reduced in 34%, and missing in 28%. The proportions of dementia disorders were similar across HF types. Vascular dementia was the most common dementia disorder (36%), followed by other dementias (28%), mixed dementia (20%), and Alzheimer disease (16%). Over a mean follow‐up of 1.5 years, 76% of patients survived 1 year. We observed no significant differences in survival with regard to HF type (P = 0.2) or dementia disorder (P = 0.5). After adjustment for baseline covariates, neither HF types nor dementia disorders were independently associated with survival.ConclusionsHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction was the most common HF type and vascular dementia was the most common dementia disorder. The proportions of dementia disorders were similar across HF types. Neither HF types nor specific dementia disorders were associated with survival.
The supramolecular chemistry of lipid oxidation and antioxidation in bulk oils
Authors: Budilarto Elizabeth S. , Kamal‐Eldin Afaf 
Published: January 2015

The microenvironment formed by surface active compounds is being recognized as the active site of lipid oxidation. Trace amounts of water occupy the core of micro micelles and several amphiphilic minor components (e.g., phospholipids, monoacylglycerols, free fatty acids, etc.) act as surfactants and affect lipid oxidation in a complex fashion dependent on the structure and stability of the microemulsions in a continuous lipid phase such as bulk oil. The structures of the triacylglycerols and other lipid‐soluble molecules affect their organization and play important roles during the course of the oxidation reactions. Antioxidant head groups, variably located near the water‐oil colloidal interfaces, trap and scavenge radicals according to their location and concentration. According to this scenario, antioxidants inhibit lipid oxidation not only by scavenging radicals via hydrogen donation but also by physically stabilizing the micelles at the microenvironments of the reaction sites. There is a cut‐off effect (optimum value) governing the inhibitory effects of antioxidants depending inter alias on their hydrophilic/lipophilic balance and their concentrations. These complex effects, previously considered as paradoxes in antioxidants research, are now better explained by the supramolecular chemistry of lipid oxidation and antioxidants, which is discussed in this review.The evolution of micellar size and number during and after the induction period of lipid oxidation. Amphiphilic compounds, including lipid hydroperoxides, contribute to micelle formation and act as prooxidants. Antioxidants and retarders stabilize micelles and prevent their breakdown.
Modeled methylmercury exposure and risk from rice consumption for vulnerable populations in a traditional fish-eating area in China
Authors: Tong Yin-Dong , Ou Lang-Bo , Chen Long , Wang Huan-Huan , Chen Cen , Wang Xue-Jun , Zhang Wei , Wang Qi-Guang 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

The circulation of rice from contaminated areas could escalate exposure risk from a local problem to a national issue and affect a wider population beyond the region of origin, as confirmed by the “Poison Rice Incident” in May 2013 in Guangzhou, China. In the present study, the authors established a food chain model based on the aquivalence method to identify major sources of methylmercury (MeHg), estimate the levels of MeHg, and quantify exposure to MeHg via rice and aquatic food consumption. Different types of organism samples from the Haihe River also were collected to verify the calculated values. The MeHg intake in pregnant women was 1529.1 ng/d from the aquatic food chain and as high as 2804.0 ng/d from rice, although the intake varied among scenarios. The maximum possible MeHg concentration in the blood of pregnant women was 5.21 µg/L, higher than the threshold value of MeHg recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (4.4 µg/L), which indicated that pregnant women could face risk from MeHg exposure. The authors also assessed the risk of MeHg exposure in pregnant women and their breastfed infants using a new index, HQEquivalent. In 4 scenarios, the HQEquivalent indices ranged from 0.42 to 1.18 for pregnant women and from 0.29 to 0.83 for breastfed infants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1161–1168. © 2014 SETAC
Time Pro‐rata Matching: Evidence of a Change in LIFFE STIR Futures
Authors: Aspris Angelo , Foley Sean , Harris Drew , O'Neill Peter 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMatching algorithms are important for well‐functioning financial markets. This paper examines the 2007 change by LIFFE, to move from pure pro‐rata to time pro‐rata allocation for the Euribor, Short Sterling, and Euroswiss futures contracts. We show that the removal of pure pro‐rata matching reduces market depth but suggest that this outcome improves execution quality for market participants. Our results are consistent with suggestions in the literature that the former regime creates incentives for traders to “drown” the order book with large orders and that the addition of a time element to this algorithm alters their behavior. We provide evidence that traders increase the amount of order splitting in the new framework, consistent with local optimizing, but argue that this may hinder overall market efficiency. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 35:522–541, 2015
Income Transfers and Maternal Health: Evidence from a National Randomized Social Cash Transfer Program in Zambia
Authors: Handa Sudhanshu , Peterman Amber , Seidenfeld David , Tembo Gelson 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThere is promising recent evidence that poverty‐targeted social cash transfers have potential to improve maternal health outcomes; however, questions remain surrounding design features responsible for impacts. In addition, virtually no evidence exists from the African region. This study explores the impact of Zambia's Child Grant Program on a range of maternal health utilization outcomes using a randomized design and difference‐in‐differences multivariate regression from data collected over 24 months from 2010 to 2012. Results indicate that while there are no measurable program impacts among the main sample, there are heterogeneous impacts on skilled attendance at birth among a sample of women residing in households having better access to maternal health services. The latter result is particularly interesting because of the overall low level of health care availability in program areas suggesting that dedicated program design or matching supply‐side interventions may be necessary to leverage unconditional cash transfers in similar settings to impact maternal health. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Current practices in venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery
Authors: Garritano Frank G. , Andrews Genevieve A. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere has been recent investigation into the incidence of venous thromboembolism in otolaryngology, but the current utilization of venous thromboembolic (VTE) prophylaxis among practicing otolaryngologists remains largely unknown.MethodsA survey of 26 questions was emailed to 4376 otolaryngologists.ResultsA total of 4376 surveys were sent and 676 were returned for a response rate of 15.4%. Intraoperative prophylaxis was used by 535 respondents (83%), either with intermittent pneumatic compression (91.8%), compression stockings (35.9%), or low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH; 12.3%). Postoperative prophylaxis was used by 540 respondents (85.4%), either with early ambulation (87.8%), intermittent pneumatic compression (85.4%), compression stockings (43.3%), or LMWH (42.4%). The vast majority (88.3%) stated they would find thromboprophylaxis guidelines released by the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery to be helpful.ConclusionCurrent practices in venous thromboembolism prophylaxis vary widely among the otolaryngology community. A set of clear specialty‐specific guidelines may be helpful. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E341–E345, 2016
Diagnostic value of core needle biopsy and fine‐needle aspiration in salivary gland lesions
Authors: Novoa Eva , Gürtler Nicolas , Arnoux André , Kraft Marcel 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundCore needle biopsy (CNB) has gained acceptance as a minimally invasive procedure in the head and neck. Nevertheless, many concerns arise regarding the value and safety of this method in the assessment of salivary gland lesions.MethodsThis prospective study comprises 111 patients with a salivary gland lesion. The results of ultrasound‐guided CNB were compared with those of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) in the 103 histologically verified cases.ResultsCNB achieved a higher accuracy than FNA in identifying true neoplasms (98% vs 91%) and detecting malignancy (99% vs 87%), and was also superior to FNA providing a specific diagnosis (93% vs 74%). In both methods, no complications, such as bleeding, infection, nerve injury, or tumor‐cell seeding, occurred.ConclusionCNB is a simple, safe, and highly accurate procedure, which should be considered as an additional diagnostic tool in the assessment of salivary gland lesions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E346–E352, 2016
Electrophysiologic analysis of injury to cranial nerve XI during neck dissection
Authors: Lanisnik Bostjan , Zargi Miha , Rodi Zoran 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundDespite preservation of the accessory nerve, a considerable number of patients report partial nerve damage after modified radical neck dissection (MRND) and selective neck dissection.MethodsAccessory nerve branches for the trapezius muscle were stimulated during neck dissection, and the M wave amplitude was measured during distinct surgical phases.ResultsThe accessory nerve was mapped in 20 patients. The M wave recordings indicated that major nerve damage occurred during dissection at levels IIa and IIb in the most proximal segment of the nerve. The M waves evoked from this nerve segment decreased significantly during surgery (analysis of variance; p = .001).ConclusionThe most significant intraoperative injury to the accessory nerve during neck dissection occurs at anatomic nerve levels IIa and IIb. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E372–E376, 2016
Photodynamic therapy with 3‐(1′‐hexyloxyethyl) pyropheophorbide‐a for early‐stage cancer of the larynx: Phase Ib study
Authors: Shafirstein Gal , Rigual Nestor R. , Arshad Hassan , Cooper Michele T. , Bellnier David A. , Wilding Gregory , Tan Wei , Merzianu Mihai , Henderson Barbara W. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was for us to report results regarding the safety of 3‐(1′‐hexyloxyethyl) pyropheophorbide‐a (HPPH) mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in early laryngeal disease, and offer preliminary information on treatment responses.MethodsA single‐institution, phase Ib, open label, noncomparative study of HPPH‐PDT in patients with high‐risk dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and T1 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx. The primary outcomes were safety and maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and the secondary outcome was response.ResultsTwenty‐nine patients and 30 lesions were treated. The most common adverse event (AE) was transient hoarseness of voice. Severe edema, requiring tracheostomy, was the most serious AE, which occurred in 2 patients within several hours of therapy. The MTD was 100 J/cm2. Patients with T1 SCC seemed to have good complete response rate (82%) to HPPH‐PDT at MTD.ConclusionHPPH‐PDT can be safely used to treat early‐stage laryngeal cancer, with potential efficacy. © 2015 The Authors Head & Neck Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E377–E383, 2016