bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The characteristics of head pain in response to an experimental cold stimulus to the palate: An observational study of 414 volunteers
Authors: de Oliveira Daniella A , Valença Marcelo M 
Published: August 2012

Objective: The objective of this article is to study the characteristics of headaches following an experimental cold stimulus and evaluate whether the ICHD-II criteria for headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus (HICS) are adequate for the diagnosis of the headache induced by ice on the palate area (ice-induced headache (IH)). Results: One hundred and fifty-three out of 414 (37.0%) individuals tested had IH, but only 77/153 (50.3%) satisfied the ICHD-II criteria. The frontal (60.8%) and temporal (48.4%) areas were the most affected ones, with bilateral (77.1%) predominance, often of the pulsatile type (41.2%). One hundred and forty-seven out of 379 (38.8%) individuals who presented with a previous history of primary headache presented with IH, while only six out of 35 (17.1%) who had no history of previous headache reported pain in the test (OR 3.063, 95% CI 1.241–7.557). The ice-induced headache test was positive in 115/240 (47.9%) of the migraine sufferers and in 32/139 (23%) of the tension-type headache sufferers (OR 3.076, 95% CI 1.924–4.918). Conclusion: IH is predominantly frontotemporal, bilateral and throbbing, most commonly affecting migraine sufferers, and the ICHD-II criteria are insufficient for classifying all individuals. We should, however, recommend caution regarding such a generalization from our findings with experimentally provoked cold stimulus headache to cold stimulus headache in general (i.e. HICS, ICHD-II).
Influence of Resection Geometry on Fracture Risk in the Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Rothenfluh Esin , Zingg Patrick , Dora Claudio , Snedeker Jess G. , Favre Philippe 
Published: August 2012

Background: A fracture is the most serious complication of surgical resection of the femoral head-neck junction in the treatment of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Purpose: To investigate the influence of resection length, width, and depth on postoperative fracture risk in activities of daily living. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: The femoral anatomy used for the finite element model was based upon a publicly available standardized model. For descriptive validation, the fracture location was compared with radiographs of patients who had suffered from a femoral neck fracture after surgical treatment of FAI in our institution. Additionally, a 2-part quantitative validation against previously published experimental data was performed. To simulate surgery, round resections were made in which length and width were varied at 10%, 20%, and 30%. The fracture loads were compared with published in vivo loads measured during activities of daily living with telemetric hip implants. Results: Validation showed that the model predicted fracture locations comparable with clinical cases and fracture loads within published experimental values. Femoral fracture loads were 325% more sensitive to resection deepening and 70% more sensitive to widening than lengthening. Conclusion: Although resection depth is the most important determinant of bone resistance, it should be considered in combination with resection length and width. Even a resection depth as low as 10% may lead to a fracture in case of stumbling. Clinical Relevance: We show that for resection depths of 20% or less and resection length of less than 35% of the femoral neck, normal activities of daily living are safe. Resection widths typically achieved in practice did not induce fractures during activities of daily living. Patients who have undergone surgical resection should be counseled on how to try to avoid stumbling.
Arthroscopic Collagen Meniscus Implantation for Partial Lateral Meniscal Defects
Authors: Zaffagnini Stefano , Marcheggiani Muccioli Giulio Maria , Bulgheroni Paolo , Bulgheroni Erica , Grassi Alberto , Bonanzinga Tommaso , Kon Elizaveta , Filardo Giuseppe , Busacca Maurizio , Marcacci Maurilio 
Published: August 2012

Background: Loss of knee meniscal tissue often leads to increased pain and decreased function. Hypothesis: At a minimum 2-year follow-up, patients receiving a lateral collagen meniscus implant (CMI) would show improved knee function and decreased pain compared with their preoperative status. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Twenty-four patients with irreparable lateral meniscal tears (n = 7) or previous partial lateral meniscectomy (n = 17) underwent arthroscopic lateral collagen meniscus implantation. Clinical evaluation was performed preoperatively, at 6 months, and at a minimum 2-year follow-up with Lysholm, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Tegner, objective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), and EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) scores. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation was performed preoperatively and at final follow-up using the modified Yulish score for cartilage and the Genovese score for implant size and signal intensity. Results: All clinical scores significantly improved from preoperative evaluation to final follow-up. Average Lysholm scores improved from 64.0 ± 16.2 to 92.7 ± 13.8 ( P < .0001), VAS for pain from 55.2 ± 29.4 to 19.5 ± 25.6 ( P < .0001), Tegner from 3 (interquartile range, 2-4) to 5 (interquartile range, 4-7) ( P = .0062), objective IKDC from 6A, 14B, 4C to 20A, 3B, 1D ( P = .0002), and EQ-5D from 0.58 ± 0.28 to 0.89 ± 0.14 ( P < .0001). Good to excellent (A + B) objective IKDC scores improved from 83% preoperatively to 96% at 2-year follow-up. The Tegner index (the percentage of the lost activity level that was regained as a result of the treatment intervention) was 47% at 6-month follow-up and 79% at 2-year follow-up: this improvement was statistically significant ( P = .0062). The MRI evaluations for tibial and femoral modified Yulish scores for cartilage remained similar over the course of the study; 87.5% of implants were reduced in size, and in 3 cases (12.5%), they were completely resorbed; 50% of the implants had a slightly hyperintense signal (relative to the normal meniscus), and signal intensity changes suggested that full maturation had occurred in 37.5% at final follow-up (based on the Genovese scores). Conclusion: The lateral CMI demonstrated that it was safe in this population study, with decreased pain and improved knee function in 96% of patients with excellent/good Lysholm results in 87% of patients at a minimum 2-year follow-up. The MRI scans demonstrated a decreased implant size relative to a normal meniscus.
The Evaluation of Arthroscopic Remplissage by High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Park Min Jung , Garcia Grant , Malhotra Amit , Major Nancy , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Kelly John D. 
Published: August 2012

Background: Arthroscopic remplissage is a novel procedure recently advocated for the treatment of large Hill-Sachs lesions with recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability. We have shown previously that infraspinatus tenodesis and Bankart repair reduce the risk of recurrent instability in high-risk patients. The ability to perform this procedure arthroscopically and without the need for bone grafting or an open approach makes this an appealing alternative to more traditional techniques. Purpose: To evaluate and characterize the postoperative appearance of the remplissage procedure on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to correlate these findings to clinical outcome (Western Ontario Shoulder Instability [WOSI] score, range of motion). Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: In patients who had undergone arthroscopic remplissage for recurrent glenohumeral instability with large Hill-Sachs defects, images were acquired with a 3-T protocol (and reviewed by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists) with the shoulder in the abduction-external rotation (ABER) and neutral positions at the time of the latest clinical examination. Measured parameters included signal intensity of tissue within the prior defect, signal intensity of the residual infraspinatus, degree of fatty infiltrate and muscle atrophy as a percentage of fat signal versus muscle signal (Goutallier grade), presence of marrow edema, and number of anchors in the defect. Functional scores were obtained with the WOSI questionnaire, and comprehensive range of motion data were recorded with a goniometer. Results: In 11 patients with an average clinical follow-up of 18.0 months (range, 8.8-27.2 months), the average size of the Hill-Sachs deformity was 334.3 mm3 (range, 93.6-825.1 mm3). The percentage of the deformity filled in with tendon was 75% to 100%, and the degree of atrophy was 0% to 25% for all patients studied. No defects were left unfilled. Two patients had granulation tissue filling the lesion, and 3 patients had fibrous tissue, while the rest of the patients had the MRI appearance of both granulation and fibrous tissue. Four of 9 patients had tendinopathy or partial tears of the residual infraspinatus tendon insertion, and 1 patient demonstrated residual bone marrow edema. The average number of anchors used was 1.4 (range, 1-3). The average WOSI score was 74.3% (range, 41.6%-99.2%), with an average external rotation loss of 5.8° (range, 0°-22°). One patient had recurrence of instability. Conclusion: Our data suggest that there is evidence of tendon incorporation and fill into the Hill-Sachs defect following arthroscopic remplissage at 8 months and beyond. Although MRI findings did not correlate with the clinical findings, patients were satisfied with the procedure and demonstrated minimal loss of external rotation (average, 5.8°) at early follow-up.
Real-time analysis of gut flora in Entamoeba histolytica infected patients of Northern India
Authors: Verma Anil Kumar , Verma Ravi , Ahuja Vineet , Paul Jaishree 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Background
Amebic dysentery is caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica and the ingestion of quadrinucleate cyst of E. histolytica from fecally contaminated food or water initiates infection. Excystation occurs in the lumen of small intestine, where motile and potentially invasive trophozoites germinate from cysts. The ability of trophozoites to interact and digest gut bacteria is apparently important for multiplication of the parasite and its pathogenicity; however the contribution of resident bacterial flora is not well understood. We quantified the population of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus, Lactobacillus, Clostridium leptum subgroup, Clostridium coccoides subgroup, Eubacterium, Campylobacter, Methanobrevibacter smithii and Sulphur reducing bacteria using genus specific primers in healthy (N = 22) vs amebic patients (E. histolytica positive, N = 17) stool samples by Real-time PCR.

Results
Absolute quantification of Bacteroides (p = .001), Closrtridium coccoides subgroup (p = 0.002), Clostridium leptum subgroup (p = 0.0001), Lactobacillus (p = 0.037), Campylobacter (p = 0.0014) and Eubacterium (p = 0.038) show significant drop in their population however, significant increase in Bifdobacterium (p = 0.009) was observed where as the population of Ruminococcus (p = 0.33) remained unaltered in healthy vs amebic patients (E. histolytica positive). We also report high prevalence of nimE gene in stool samples of both healthy volunteers and amebic patients. No significant decrease in nimE gene copy number was observed before and after the treatment with antiamebic drug.

Conclusions
Our results show significant alteration in predominant gut bacteria in E. histolytica infected individuals. The frequent episodes of intestinal amoebic dysentery thus result in depletion of few predominant genera in gut that may lead to poor digestion and absorption of food in intestine. It further disturbs the homeostasis between gut epithelium and bacterial flora. The decrease in beneficial bacterial population gives way to dysbiosis of gut bacteria which may contribute to final outcome of the disease. Increase in the copy number of nimE gene harboring bacteria in our population reflects possible decrease in the availability of metronidazole drug during treatment of amoebiasis.
What are patient factors associated with the quality of diabetes care?: results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Ko Ki Dong , Kim Bo Hyun , Park Sang Min , In Oh Soo , Um Chun Sik , Shin Dong Wook , Lee Hae Won 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundRecently there has been a growing interest in healthcare quality control in Korea. We examined the association between patient factors and quality indicators of diabetic care among Korean adults with diabetes.MethodsWe obtained a sample of 335 adults aged 20 or older diagnosed with diabetes from the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Patient factors were divided into two categories: socioeconomic position and health-related factors. Quality indicators for diabetes care were defined as receiving preventive care services for diabetes complications (e.g., fundus examination, microalbuminuria examination, diabetes education) and diabetes-related clinical outcomes (e.g., HbA1c, blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol). We performed multiple logistic regression analyses for each quality indicator.ResultsWe found that people with lower education levels or shorter duration of diabetes illness were less likely to receive preventive care services for diabetes complications. Women or people with longer duration of diabetes were less likely to reach the glycemic target. Obese diabetic patients were less likely to accomplish adequate control of blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol.ConclusionsSeveral factors of patients with diabetes, such as education level, duration of illness, gender, and obesity grade are associated with the quality of diabetes care. These findings can help inform policy makers about subpopulations at risk in developing a public health strategy in the future.
Comparing the analgesic effect of heat patch containing iron chip and ibuprofen for primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Navvabi Rigi Shahindokht , kermansaravi Fatihe , Navidian Ali , Safabakhsh Leila , Safarzadeh Ameneh , Khazaian Somaye , Shafie Shahla , Salehian Tahmineh 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Background
Primary dysmenorrhea is a common and sometimes disabling condition. In recent years, some studies aimed to improve the treatment of dysmenorrhea, and therefore, introduced several therapeutic measures. This study was designed to compare the analgesic effect of iron chip containing heat wrap with ibuprofen for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

Methods
In this randomized (IRCT201107187038N2) controlled trial, 147 students (18–30 years old) with the diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea were enrolled considering the CONSORT guideline. Screening for primary dysmenorrhea was done by a two-question screening tool. The participants were randomly assigned into one of the intervention groups (heat Patch and ibuprofen). Data regarding the severity and emotional impact of the pain were recorded by a shortened version of McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ). Student's t test was used for statistical analysis.

Results
The maximum and minimum pain severities were observed at 2 and 24 hours in both groups. The severity of sensual pain at 8, 12, and 24 hours was non-significantly less in the heat Patch group. There was also no significant difference between the groups regarding the emotional impact of pain at the first 2, 4, 8, 12 and 12 hours of menstruation.

Conclusions
Heat patch containing Iron chip has comparable analgesic effects to ibuprofen and can possibly be used for primary dysmenorrhea.

Trial registration
IRCT201107187038N2
Using patients’ experiences to identify priorities for quality improvement in breast cancer care: patient narratives, surveys or both?
Authors: Tsianakas Vicki , Maben Jill , Wiseman Theresa , Robert Glenn , Richardson Alison , Madden Peter , Griffin Mairead , Davies Elizabeth A 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Background
Patients’ experiences have become central to assessing the performance of healthcare systems worldwide and are increasingly being used to inform quality improvement processes. This paper explores the relative value of surveys and detailed patient narratives in identifying priorities for improving breast cancer services as part of a quality improvement process.

Methods
One dataset was collected using a narrative interview approach, (n = 13) and the other using a postal survey (n = 82). Datasets were analyzed separately and then compared to determine whether similar priorities for improving patient experiences were identified.

Results
There were both similarities and differences in the improvement priorities arising from each approach. Day surgery was specifically identified as a priority in the narrative dataset but included in the survey recommendations only as part of a broader priority around improving inpatient experience. Both datasets identified appointment systems, patients spending enough time with staff, information about treatment and side effects and more information at the end of treatment as priorities. The specific priorities identified by the narrative interviews commonly related to ‘relational’ aspects of patient experience. Those identified by the survey typically related to more ‘functional’ aspects and were not always sufficiently detailed to identify specific improvement actions.

Conclusions
Our analysis suggests that whilst local survey data may act as a screening tool to identify potential problems within the breast cancer service, they do not always provide sufficient detail of what to do to improve that service. These findings may have wider applicability in other services. We recommend using an initial preliminary survey, with better use of survey open comments, followed by an in-depth qualitative analysis to help deliver improvements to relational and functional aspects of patient experience.
A new transport phenomenon in nanostructures: a mesoscopic analog of the Braess paradox encountered in road networks
Authors: Pala Marco , Sellier Hermann , Hackens Benoit , Martins Frederico , Bayot Vincent , Huant Serge 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The Braess paradox, known for traffic and other classical networks, lies in the fact that adding a new route to a congested network in an attempt to relieve congestion can degrade counterintuitively the overall network performance. Recently, we have extended the concept of the Braess paradox to semiconductor mesoscopic networks, whose transport properties are governed by quantum physics. In this paper, we demonstrate theoretically that, alike in classical systems, congestion plays a key role in the occurrence of a Braess paradox in mesoscopic networks.
Elevated levels of circulating IL-18BP and perturbed regulation of IL-18 in schizophrenia
Authors: Palladino Ilaria , Salani Francesca , Ciaramella Antonio , Rubino Ivo Alex , Caltagirone Carlo , Fagioli Sabrina , Spalletta Gianfranco , Bossù Paola 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Background
The pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin (IL)-18 has been proposed to play a role in schizophrenia, since elevated circulating levels of its protein and altered frequencies of genetic variants in its molecular system are reported in schizophrenic patients.

Methods
We analyzed 77 patients with schizophrenia diagnosis (SCZ) and 77 healthy control subjects (HC) for serum concentration of both IL-18 and its natural inhibitor, the IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP).

Results
We confirmed that serum levels of total IL-18 are significantly increased in SCZ, as compared to HC. However, due to a highly significant increase in levels of circulating IL-18BP in SCZ, as compared to HC, the levels of free, bioactive IL-18 are not significantly different between the two groups. In addition, the relationships between the levels of IL-18 and its inhibitor, as well as between the two molecules and age appear dissimilar for SCZ and HC. In particular, the elevated levels of IL-18BP, likely a consequence of the body’s attempt to counteract the early prominent inflammation which characterizes schizophrenia, are maintained in earlier and later stages of the disease. However, the IL-18BP elevation appears ineffective to balance the IL-18 system in younger SCZ patients, while in older patients the levels of circulating bioactive IL-18 are comparable to those of HC, if not lower.

Conclusions
In conclusion, these findings indicate that the IL-18 system is perturbed in schizophrenia, supporting the idea that this pro-inflammatory cytokine might be part of a pathway of genetic and environmental components for vulnerability to the disease.
Analysis of the relationship between end-to-end distance and activity of single-chain antibody against colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jianhua , Liu Shanhong , Shang Zhigang , Shi Li , Yun Jun 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe investigated the relationship of End-to-end distance between VH and VL with different peptide linkers and the activity of single-chain antibodies by computer-aided simulation. First, we developed (G4S)n(where n = 1-9) as the linker to connect VH and VL, and estimated the 3D structure of single-chain Fv antibody (scFv) by homologous modeling. After molecular models were evaluated and optimized, the coordinate system of every protein was built and unified into one coordinate system, and End-to-end distances calculated using 3D space coordinates. After expression and purification of scFv-n with (G4S)n as n = 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9, the immunoreactivity of purified ND-1 scFv-nwas determined by ELISA. A multi-factorial relationship model was employed to analyze the structural factors affecting scFv:rn=ABn−ABO2+CDn−CDO2+BCn−BCst2. The relationship between immunoreactivity andr-values revealed that fusion protein structure approached the desired state when ther-value = 3. The immunoreactivity declined as ther-value increased, but when ther-value exceeded a certain threshold, it stabilized. We used a linear relationship to analyze structural factors affecting scFv immunoreactivity.
Priorities for developing countries in the global response to non-communicable diseases
Authors: Maher Dermot , Ford Nathan , Unwin Nigel 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The growing global burden of non communicable diseases (NCDs) is now killing 36 million people each year and needs urgent and comprehensive action. This article provides an overview of key critical issues that need to be resolved to ensure that recent political commitments are translated into practical action. These include: (i) categorizing and prioritizing NCDs in order to inform donor funding commitments and priorities for intervention; (ii) finding the right balance between the relative importance of treatment and prevention to ensure that responses cover those at risk, and those who are already sick; (iii) defining the appropriate health systems response to address the needs of patients with diseases characterized by long duration and often slow progression; (iv) research needs, in particular translational research in the delivery of care; and (v) sustained funding to support the global NCD response.