bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient Deoxygenation of Sulfoxides Using Hydroxyapatite-supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Takahashi Yusuke , Mitsudome Takato , Mizugaki Tomoo , Jitsukawa Koichiro , Kaneda Kiyotomi 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
We report the first example of the deoxygenation of sulfoxides using heterogeneous catalysts with alcohols as environmentally friendly reducing reagents. Hydroxyapatite-supported Ru nanoparticles (RuNPs/HAP) act as a highly efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for deoxygenation of sulfoxides using alcohols as reductants. The catalytic activity of Ru nanoparticles is outstanding compared to other metal nanoparticles such as Pt, Pd, Rh, and Au nanoparticles. RuNPs/HAP can also catalyze the selective deoxygenation of various sulfoxides, giving the corresponding sulfides in excellent yields.
Schools of data analysis in systematics are converging, but differences remain with formal classification
Authors: Stuessy Tod F. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractOver the past 50 years, many different quantitative approaches have been developed to infer systematic relationships, and these have led to three distinct schools of systematics: phenetics, cladistics, and quantitative evolutionary systematics (= explicit phyletics). Phenetics emphasized quantitative assessment of overall similarity and taught the distinction between character and character state. Cladistics stressed reconstruction of phylogeny by use of synapomorphies and emphasized holophyly in classification. Quantitative evolutionary systematics built upon cladistic analysis and stressed incorporation of quantitative measures of divergence within lineages. In parallel with these conceptual and algorithmic developments have come technological advances that have allowed deep access to genetic data, beginning with allozymes, then DNA restriction site data, nuclear and organellar DNA sequences and fragment patterns, and now large‐scale genomics. The challenge in recent years has not been for new philosophical reflections on how best to interpret evolutionary history, but rather on methods to make sense of the torrents of new genetic data that apply at all levels of the taxonomic hierarchy. The search for patterns in these new data has led to use of whatever methods seem best suited for the job at hand. Phylogenetic reconstructions are now routinely done with formerly phenetic algorithms, and cladistic methods are sometimes used at the populational level. More sophisticated approaches have also been developed, such as likelihood and Bayesian statistics, and these are applicable at many different hierarchical levels. Awareness of lateral gene transfer, pervasive polyploidy, and ancient hybridizations, has led to new methods to allow better understanding of complex reticulate relationships. It is no longer productive, therefore, to worry about ideological aspects of schools of systematics but rather to focus on which algorithms and statistics are best suited to answer specific questions. For formal classification, however, areas of conflict still remain. The challenge is to determine which combination of quantitative methods will result in the most information‐rich and predictive hierarchical system, realizing that special‐purpose classifications will continue to be used in certain instances.
Biogeography: Where do we go from here?
Authors: Wen Jun , Ree Richard H. , Ickert-Bond Stefanie M. , Nie Zelong , Funk Vicki 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBiogeography is a multidisciplinary science concerned with how and why organisms are distributed as they are on Earth. It links fields such as systematics, ecology, paleontology, and climatology, and occupies a central position in evolutionary biology, being fundamental to the study of processes such as speciation and adaptive radiation. Here we provide a brief overview of some particularly dynamic areas of inquiry and offer some perspectives on future directions for the field. We hope that some historical debates, such as those over the importance of dispersal, or the validity of molecular dating, are finally being put to rest. Over the last decade, biogeography has become increasingly integrative, and has benefited from advances in statistical methods for inferring geographic range dynamics in a phylogenetic context, molecular estimation of lineage divergence times, and modeling lineage birth and death. These are enabling greater insights into patterns of organismal diversification in time and space. In the next decade, analytical challenges are emerging on several fronts. For example, phylogenies are increasing in size and taxonomic breadth and new sequencing technologies enabling phylogenetic and phylogeographic datasets are increasingly genomic in depth. In addition, geographic occurrence data are accumulating in online repositories, yet tools for data mining and synthetic analysis are lacking for comparative multi‐lineage studies. Biogeography is thus entering an era characterized by phylogenomic datasets, increasingly comprehensive sampling of clades, and interdisciplinary synthesis. We anticipate continued progress in our understanding of biodiversity patterns at regional and global scales, but this will likely require greater collaboration with specialists in bioinformatics and computational science. Finally, it is clear that biogeography has an increasingly important role to play in the discovery and conservation of biodiversity. Lessons learned from biogeographic studies of islands are being applied to better understand extinction dynamics as continental ecosystems become more fragmented, and phylogeography and ecological niche modeling offer innovative paths toward the discovery of previously unknown species distributions and priority areas for conservation. The future of biogeography is bright and filled with exciting challenges and opportunities.
A new species, genus and tribe of Sapotaceae, endemic to Madagascar
Authors: Gautier Laurent , Naciri Yamama , Anderberg Arne A. , Smedmark Jenny E.E. , Randrianaivo Richard , Swenson Ulf 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPhylogenetic relationships of the two Malagasy Sapotaceae endemic genera Capurodendron and Tsebona have been unclear until now. Recent collections from Madagascar, as well as a better representation of the tribe Isonandreae, altogether 95 terminals, were used to estimate a phylogeny of subfamily Sapotoideae. We analysed sequences of nrDNA (ITS) and cpDNA (trnH‐psbA) with Bayesian inference and parsimony jackknifing. As in previous analyses, Sapoteae and Sideroxyleae are recovered monophyletic. In addition, Isonandreae, distributed in the Indo‐Pacific, is for the first time resolved as monophyletic and sister to Sapoteae. All Malagasy accessions of Capurodendron, Tsebona, and a new species are grouped in another well‐supported clade. This clade is accommodated in a new tribe Tseboneae characterized by caducous stipules, 5‐merous flowers with quincuncial sepals, contorted aestivation of corolla lobes, absence of corolla appendages, one or three stamens opposite each corolla lobe, villous staminodes, seeds with an adaxial scar and plano‐convex cotyledons, lacking endosperm. The new species is described in the new genus Bemangidia (B. lowryi) because it has a unique leaf venation for the tribe and combines different morphological features from Capurodendron and Tsebona. All three genera are well‐supported monophyletic groups. Bemangidia lowryi is threatened with extinction due to extensive ongoing forest destruction and is assigned a preliminary conservation status of Critically Endangered.
Kiritchkovia, a replacement name for Sibiriella Kiritchkova & Kostina (Ginkgoopsida: Karkeniales)
Authors: Doweld Alexander B. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA new generic name Kiritchkovia is established for the Jurassic foliage of Siberian plants replacing Sibiriella Kiritchkova & Kostina, 2005, which is a junior homonym of fossils Sibiriella Fajzulina, and parahomonym of fossils Siberiella Radcz. and Siberiella Korde. Two new combinations, Kiritchkovia aksarinii and Kiritchkovia koltogorica, are also effected.
Typification of six Linnaean names in Cistus L. (Cistaceae)
Authors: Ferrer-Gallego P. Pablo , Laguna Emilio , Crespo Manuel B. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractNomenclatural types are designated for the names of six taxa of Cistus (Cistaceae) described by Linnaeus, C. albidus, C. crispus, C. ladanifer, C. monspeliensis, C. populifolius, and C. salviifolius. Original material from LINN and UPS was critically examined, as well as other information in the protologues. Data relevant for typification are discussed, and lectotypes are selected to maintain traditional or current use of the concerned names.
Lectotypification of Conophallus titanum (≡ Amorphophallus titanum) (Araceae)
Authors: Giordano Cristiana , Nardi Enio , Mosti Stefano 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe plant with the biggest inflorescence in the world is Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. ex Arcang., originally described by Beccari as Conophallus titanum. In this work we discuss and determine the publication that must be regarded as the protologue, then designate a lectotype from among the original material.
From the Horse's Mouth: Economic Conditions and Investor Expectations of Risk and Return
Authors: Amromin Gene , Sharpe Steven A. 
Published: December 2013

Data obtained from monthly Gallup/UBS surveys from 1998 to 2007 and from a special supplement to the Michigan Surveys of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, run in 22 monthly surveys between 2000 and 2005, are used to analyze stock market beliefs and portfolio choices of household investors. We show that the key variables found to be positive predictors of actual stock returns in the asset-pricing literature are also highly correlated with investor's subjective expected returns, but with the opposite sign. Moreover, our analysis of the microdata indicates that subjective expectations of both risk and returns on stocks are strongly influenced by perceptions of economic conditions. In particular, when investors believe macroeconomic conditions are more expansionary, they tend to expect both higher returns and lower volatility. This is difficult to reconcile with the canonical view that expected returns on stocks rise during recessions to compensate household investors for increased exposure or sensitivity to macroeconomic risks. Finally, the relevance of these investors' subjective expectations is supported by the finding of a significant link between their expectations and portfolio choices. In particular, we show that portfolio equity positions tend to be higher for those respondents that anticipate higher expected returns or lower uncertainty.This paper was accepted by Brad Barber, finance.
‘The law has no conscience’: The cultural construction of justice and the reception of Awara in China
Authors: Van Fleit Hang Krista 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In 1955 members of the Indian People’s Theater Association, a group closely associated with the Communist Party of India, travelled to China as part of a cultural exchange between the two countries following the state level meeting between Zhou Enlai and Jawaharlal Nehru in 1954. Their visit saw an ‘Indian film week’ in which Hindi films were screened throughout China, most notably the 1951 Raj Kapoor film Awara, remembered fondly by many Chinese growing up in the later 1970s–early 1980s Reform period as Liulangzhe. This article situates Awara in the history of Chinese cinema, as a leftist text that depicted a fellow third world nation also engaged in constructing an alternative to the western experience of modernity.
Truth after cinema: The explosion of facts in the documentary films of Jia Zhangke
Authors: Rugo Daniele 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This article identifies and elaborates on two models of resistance evident in JiaZhangke’s film corpus. The deployment of different cinematic strategies produces an experimental calling into question of the value of truth and of truth as value. In the films here analysed Jia moves from resistance through organic observation to a model of resistance structured around a series of fabulations. If the first regime addresses the truth of ideology, then the target of the second is the ideology of truth. It is in this passage that Jia enters political cinema, collapsing the distinction between factual and fictional and opening up a space that belongs to no collectivity.
Sound, image, rhetorical strategy and traumatic memory in Ai Xiaoming’s Our Children
Authors: Jin Lei 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This study examines Ai Xiaoming’s Women de wawa/Our Children (2009), an independent film documentary about the 2008 Sichuan earthquake where over 50,000 children died in collapsed school buildings. The analysis draws on film-making techniques, issues in modern Chinese media and politics and psychology, and trauma studies. Our Children reveals a violent process of governmental oppression that attempted to erase traumatic memory. As a result of the politically enforced amnesia, the earthquake victims were doubly victimized. Because crucial information related to the trauma – the quality of the school buildings – remains inaccessible, and the official explanation is unacceptable, the trauma continually haunts the traumatized victims, as well as the society at large. However, by drawing on everyday people’s testimonies and an abundance of images from digital phones and cameras, Our Children succeeded in preserving both individual and public traumatic memories and allowed some people to heal.
Architectural theatricality: A food design perspective in hospitality studies
Authors: Olsen Tvedebrink Tenna Doktor , Fisker Anna Marie , Kirkegaard Poul Henning 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In the attempt to improve patient treatment and recovery, researchers focus on applying concepts of hospitality to hospitals. Often these concepts are dominated by hotel-metaphors focusing on host–guest relationships or concierge services. Motivated by a project trying to improve patient treatment and recovery through the architecture framing eating experiences, this article examines, from a theoretical perspective, two less debated concepts relating to hospitality called food design and architectural theatricality.
In architectural theory the nineteenth century German architect Gottfried Semper is known for his writings on theatricality, understood as a holistic design approach emphasizing the contextual, cultural, ritual and social meanings rooted in architecture. Relative hereto, the International Food Design Society recently argued, in a similar holistic manner, that the methodology used to provide an aesthetic eating experience includes knowledge on both food and design. Based on a hermeneutic reading of Semper’s theory, our thesis is that this holistic design approach is important when debating concepts of hospitality in hospitals. We use this approach to argue for how ‘food design’ is an overlooked element in hospital eating environments today, and further point at how Semper’s discourse on theatricality can be used to add a more nuanced perspective to future hospitality studies.
Hospitable urban spaces and diversity
Authors: Mand Harpreet (Neena) , Cilliers Steani 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The production and consumption of food plays a highly visible and vital role in the public life of cities and in the creation of hospitable public spaces. Food acts as a vehicle for facilitating sustenance and sociability to urban spaces. The application of Modernist principles in post-war urban redevelopment projects led to urban sprawl, which in turn led to more economic and social action taking place at the edge of cities and suburbs, rather than in the centre, where it used to be. Issues of ‘food and the city’ are being discussed in current literature, however, to date there has been no systematic analysis undertaken to indicate which form of integrating food and the city is more beneficial to the social lives of cities. This article investigates two forms of food-centred space within the city, the gastronomic quarter of the city and the food court of the shopping mall, and establishes the differences and connections between the two environments. Using Jane Jacobs’ theory of diversity as a framework, the article explores the effects mall food courts and gastronomic quarters have on the city, and whether and how these environments contribute to the diversity and vitality of urban space.
Design for disability: Industrial design-led interventions for assistive cutlery
Authors: Renda Gianni , Kuys Blair 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This research details the potential for design-led interventions in regards to assistive cutlery within a hospitality environment. Design for disability, especially in terms of cutlery, has remained aesthetically stagnant within the area of hospitality. Products currently exist for use in the home environment, however due to a lack of concentration on the aesthetic resolution, they remain under-utilized. The importance of industrial design as a discipline to influence change in current product development activities for this industry is highlighted, and shows that the physical manifestation of a product is a result of a professionally trained industrial designer who increasingly utilizes inclusive design principles to develop appealing assistive products.
Book Reviews
Authors: Wall Sarah J. , Wasserman Andrew , Marchand Marie-Ève , Baker Adi , York Kara , MacDonald Kristie 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
MAKING ART GLOBAL (PART 2): ‘MAGICIENS DE LA TERRE’ 1989, LUCY STEEDS ET AL. London: Walther Koenig and Afterall Books (2013), 304 pp., Paperback, ISBN: 978-3-86335-258-5, $27.50
CHANNELING THE PAST: POLITICIZING HISTORY IN POSTWAR AMERICA, ERIK CHRISTIANSEN Madison: University of Wisconsin Press (2013), 318 pp., Paperback, ISBN: 978-0-29928-904-1, $29.95
EXHIBITING PATRIOTISM: CREATING AND CONTESTING INTERPRETATIONS OF AMERICAN HISTORIC SITES, TERESA BERGMAN Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press (2013), 256 pp., Paperback, ISBN: 978-1-59874-597-9, $29.95
HOW WE FORGOT THE COLD WAR: A HISTORICAL JOURNEY ACROSS AMERICA, JON WIENER Berkeley: University of California Press (2012), 384 pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 978-0-52027-141-8, $34.95
INTERPRETING ART IN MUSEUMS AND GALLERIES, CHRISTOPHER WHITEHEAD London and New York: Routledge (2012), 196 pp., Paperback, ISBN 978-0-41541-922-2, $38.95
DEFINING THE MODERN MUSEUM: A CASE STUDY OF THE CHALLENGES OF EXCHANGE, LIANNE McTAVISH Toronto: University of Toronto Press (2013), 226 pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 978-1-44264-443-4, $50.00
COLLECTING AS MODERNIST PRACTICE, JEREMY BRADDOCK Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press (2012), 322 pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 978-1-42140-364-9, $39.95
HE NAMED HER AMBER, IRIS HÄUSSLER Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario (2011), 176 pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 978-1-89424-368-1, $40.00
Surface Modification of the Ti6Al4V Alloy with Silicon Carbonitride Layer Deposited by PACVD Method
Authors: Jonas Stanisława , Konefał-Góral Jadwiga , Małek Anna , Kluska Stanisława , Grzesik Zbigniew 
Published: December 2013

AbstractFour different layers of various silicon, carbon and nitrogen contents on the Ti6Al4V alloy and (001)Si wafers have been deposited by means of Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (PACVD) method. The layers were obtained from reactive gas mixture containing SiH4, CH4, NH3 and Ar. After deposition the structure and chemical composition of modified surfaces have been analyzed with use of SEM/EDS technique. Based on these results and thermodynamic calculations, the diffusion coefficients, D, for nitrogen and carbon in alloy were discussed. Scratch test shown that silicon carbonitride layers have good adhesion to metal surface. In order to determine atomic structure of obtained layers, FTIR spectra for layer-(001)Si and layer-Ti6Al4V were registered.
The minimal radius of Galerkin information for severely ill-posed problems
Authors: Solodky Sergei G. , Myleiko Ganna L. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In the present paper minimization problems of the information costs for numerical solving severely ill-posed problems are studied. A projection scheme of discretization which is economical in a sense of used harmonics is presented. By means of this scheme the order estimate of the minimal radius of Galerkin information is computed.
Hysteroscopic and laparoscopic management of uterine defects on previous cesarean delivery scars
Authors: Li Changdong , Guo Yinshu , Liu Yun , Cheng Jiumei , Zhang Weiyuan 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Objective: To examine the treatment of previous cesarean delivery scar defect after cesarean delivery and the feasibility of laparoscopic uterine repair or hysteroscopic scar excision.

Study Design: A retrospective clinical study that took place from June 2009 to March 2013 and included 41 women who had previously had cesarean deliveries.

Results: Seventeen women underwent a laparoscopic approach for the repair of scar diverticula, and 24 women underwent a hysteroscopic resection of fibrotic tissue overhanging underneath the diverticula. Most women remained free of symptoms over a 3- to 16-month follow-up and 6 women became pregnant without pregnancy complications.

Conclusion: Women with a history of cesarean delivery combined with irregular perimenstrual bleeding should undergo combined hysteroscopy and ultrasound examination to detect latent scar defects. In diagnosed cases, in those who desired future pregnancies and had a residual myometrial thickness of <3.5 mm or a defect that accounted for ≥50% of the anterior uterine wall, laparoscopic surgical repair was performed with good postoperative anatomic outcomes. Women with residual myometrial thickness of ≥3.5 mm or a defect that accounted for <50% of the anterior uterine wall were treated with hysteroscopic surgery and had a relief of symptoms.
Photoconductive NSOM for mapping optoelectronic phases in nanostructures
Authors: Das Anshuman J. , Shivanna Ravichandran , Narayan K.S. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe advent of optically functional materials with low-intensive processing methods is accompanied by a growing need for high resolution imaging to probe the inherent inhomogeneities in the underlying microstructure. Atomic force microscopy based techniques are typically utilized for imaging the surface of organic thin films, quantum dots and other nanomaterials with ultrahigh resolution. Several modes like conductive, Kelvin, electrostatic amongst others have been particularly successful in imaging the local current, potential and charge distribution of variety of systems. However, the functionality of photoconduction in these materials cannot be directly imaged by these modes alone. There is a requirement for a local excitation source or collection arrangement that is compatible with scanning microscopy techniques followed by a current monitoring mechanism. Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) possesses all the advantages of scanning microscopy and is capable of local excitation that overcomes the diffraction limit faced by conventional optical microscopes. Additionally, NSOM can be carried out on actual photoconductive two terminal and three terminal device structures to image local optoelectronic properties. In this review, we present the various geometries that have been demonstrated to perform photoconductive NSOM (p-NSOM). We highlight a representative set of important results and discuss the implications of photocurrent imaging in macroscopic device performance.