bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic discovery and classification of human cell line essential genes
Authors: Hart Traver , Chandrashekhar Megha , Aregger Michael , Steinhart Zachary , Brown Kevin R. , Angers Stephane , Moffat Jason 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe study of gene essentiality in human cells is crucial for elucidating gene function and holds great potential for finding therapeutic targets for diseases such as cancer. Technological advances in genome editing using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 systems have set the stage for identifying human cell line core and context-dependent essential genes. However, first generation negative selection screens using CRISPR technology demonstrate extreme variability across different cell lines. To advance the development of the catalogue of human core and context-dependent essential genes, we have developed an optimized, ultracomplex, genome-scale gRNA library of 176,500 guide RNAs targeting 17,661 genes and have applied it to negative and positive selection screens in a human cell line. Using an improved Bayesian analytical approach, we find CRISPR-based screens yield double to triple the number of essential genes than were previously observed using systematic RNA interference, including many genes at moderate expression levels that are largely refractory to RNAi methods. We further characterized four essential genes of unknown significance and found that they all likely exist in protein complexes with other essential genes. For example, RBM48 and ARMC7 are both essential nuclear proteins, strongly interact and are commonly amplified across major cancers. Our findings suggest the CRISPR-Cas9 system fundamentally alters the landscape for systematic reverse genetics in human cells for elucidating gene function, identifying disease genes, and uncovering therapeutic targets.
Presenting social media information on mobile devices using multiple contexts
Authors: Tan Esther MengYoke , Hoe-Lian Goh Dion 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– Research has shown that when presenting large amounts of social media information on small devices, design should consider multiple contexts which include user preferences, time, location, environment and so on. It should also take into account the purpose of use, for example, the kind of tasks undertaken by users. However, little research has been done on the organization of social media information by multiple context and tasks. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using tourism as a domain, the authors conducted a user evaluation study with a prototype to investigate users’ preferred ways of organizing different types of social media information based on multiple contexts.

Findings
– In this paper, the authors present a sequence of context types for organizing four types of social media information (recommendations, events, friends and media elements). The study revealed that users preferred to view recommendations by location and environment context, events by location and temporal context, contacts by location and identity context and finally, list of media elements by environment and identity context.

Research limitations/implications
– There may be different sequences of context types for organizing social media information in domains other than tourism. Researchers are encouraged to analyze users’ needs in other domains so as to find their preferred ways of organizing social media information.

Practical implications
– This paper includes implications for the design and development of user interface, in particular, for mobile applications presenting large amount of social media information.

Originality/value
– It presents a new way of organizing social media information using multiple context types and with consideration of users’ needs.
Web service for connecting visually impaired people with libraries
Authors: Tesendic Danijela , Boberic Krsticev Danijela 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe a case study of developing a web service that will act as an intermediary between the Audio Library system for the visually impaired and the library management systems. The Audio Library is based on speech recognition and text-to-speech engines and it produces synthesized speech from various electronic materials. It has its own database with a limited number of books and textual materials. Web services described in this paper should enable access to a larger number of electronic resources provided by libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper, the author specified software architecture of a web service analyzing different approaches for search and retrieval.

Findings
– Web service described in this paper is the first software solution addressing the problem of lending e-books in Serbia. It aggregates collections of different libraries in a single access point for the Audio Library system. In this way, users of the Audio Library system are provided with larger number of electronic resources.

Originality/value
– Communication between the Audio Library and this web service is achieved by using standardized protocols for exchanging library data. However, those protocols did not fulfill all necessary requirements, so the authors propose some extensions to overcome those issues.
Human multiple information task behavior on the web
Authors: Park Minsoo 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the general nature of human multiple information task behavior in Web information seeking and retrieval contexts and identify the factors that influence the processes of prioritizing mul.tiple information tasks.Design/methodology/approach– Experiments were conducted in a laboratory setting to collect data from multiple sources including search logs, think aloud reports during the searches and interviews, questionnaires, and post-search interviews. Quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques were both used.Findings– The findings of this study reveal that effort, time and perception may all be necessary factors in producing good performance in dynamic and complex information situations, but how the author effectively manages the emotions ultimately yields successful performance. High mental effort, even when accompanied by productive time management, is not sufficient to produce high performance unless the author effectively deal with the emotions and feelings in such situations.Originality/value– A comprehensive understanding of the affective, cognitive, and physical processes underlying the human multiple information task behavior is vital if the author is to design emotionally intelligent information systems that can support people when managing dynamic and complex information situations in hi-tech environments.
A longitudinal study on newcomers’ perception of organisational culture
Authors: Turker Duygu , Altuntas Ceren 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyse how newcomers’ perceptions of organisational culture can change over time. The study tries to address whether initial working experience changes newcomers’ perceptions about the ideal organisational culture, and whether these perceptions converge with those of their supervisors.Design/methodology/approach– A longitudinal survey was carried out on a sample of undergraduate students to measure shifts in their perceptions of organisational culture over time. In order to interpret the results in terms of actual organisational culture, a survey was also conducted with the students’ immediate supervisors.Findings– Applying a factor analytic procedure to the aggregate sample of study, the items of an existing scale were reduced to a six-dimensional structure. Based on the results of statistical analysis, the study revealed that initial working experience might affect students’ perception of organisational culture and make these perceptions converge with those of their immediate managers. Specifically, the students’ perceptions about the importance of stability and success orientation dimensions changed over time. By the end of the process, they found supportiveness and people orientation more important, similarly to their supervisors.Practical implications– This study reveals the critical role of supervisors in the transmission of organisational culture to newcomers. Additionally, it demonstrates the importance of work-based learning for acquiring work-related and technical beliefs, as well as obtaining initial ideas about the culture of a real organisation.Originality/value– The study can specifically contribute to the growing literature on organisational culture by demonstrating the impact of initial working experience on newcomers’ perceptions, and how they adopt the culture of their new organisations to become a part of this culture.
Experiential learning in accounting work-integrated learning: a three-way partnership
Authors: Elijido-Ten Evangeline , Kloot Louise 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– Work-integrated learning (WIL) helps improve the work readiness of accounting graduates. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role played by large and small-to-medium enterprise (SME) employers in providing experiential learning opportunities to accounting students in an Australian higher education context.

Design/methodology/approach
– Case-study data for this research were collected from the case university’s processes, semi-structured in-depth interviews with employer representatives and online survey with WIL students.

Findings
– The analysis reveals that both SMEs and large firms provide good training opportunities that enhance the student’s experiential learning particularly when proper WIL structures for pre-placement processes, training, supervision and performance reviews are in place. The results also confirm that WIL is seen as a positive experience by employers and students alike.

Originality/value
– There is a three-way partnership between the university, employers and students in a WIL contract. Calls for collaborative research involving all three parties have been made to enhance WIL programs. This study is a response to this call.
Price competitiveness and government incentives for simulating the meetings industry
Authors: Dioko Leonardo (Don) A.N. , Whitfield Julie 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which price competitiveness accounts for the observed precipitated decline in the number of meetings taking place in Macau from 2009 to 2012, in spite of the rapid growth in overall tourism, diversification in its tourism offering, and the sizable expansion of its capacity and facilities for hosting business tourism over the same period.

Design/methodology/approach
– Analyzing historical as well as comparative data in a cross-section analytic design, the study suggests an implied competitive price range (using comparative accommodation prices as a proxy) beyond which financial incentives may be ineffectual in attracting meetings

Findings
– Examination of price levels as a proxy of competitiveness in attracting meeting events in the single case of Macau proved inconclusive. Other factors beyond mere price competitiveness likely account for the declining number of meetings in Macau from 2009 to the end of 2012.

Originality/value
– Overall, the above findings pose a challenge for the continued general development of MICE industry in Macau and its meetings industry in particular. Despite the noble and generous efforts of its government agencies to arrest the decline in the number of meetings and maintain Macau’s position as a meetings industry hub through monetary incentives and subvention packages for organizers, it would benefit them and the private sector to explore channeling more resources toward addressing the fundamental and structural factors that can improve long-term competitiveness in attracting more meeting events.
Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on task and contextual performance of Pakistani professionals
Authors: Yousaf Amna , Yang Huadong , Sanders Karin 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine underlying linkages between employees’ intrinsic/extrinsic motivation and their task/contextual performance in a Pakistani health care and educational context. Employees’ affective occupational and organizational commitments were proposed as mediators to explain these relationships.Design/methodology/approach– Data were collected from 181 doctors from a Pakistani hospital and 135 academics from a Pakistani university and analyzed using Baron and Kenney (1986) approach and Preacher and Hayes (2008) bootstrapping approach for testing multiple mediators simultaneously.Findings– As expected, intrinsic motivation is related to task performance (TP) and this relationship is mediated by affective occupational commitment. Extrinsic motivation is related both to TP and contextual performance (CP) and these relationships are mediated by affective organizational commitment.Research limitations/implications– Research has implications both for practitioners and academicians. The results highlight how different motivational orientations can produce different results and managers need to understand the different needs of employees while devising their human resource strategies. Employees can differ in their motivational orientations depending on their level of need, and can accordingly differ in their subsequent attitudes, performance and behaviors. Employees also need to choose jobs carefully after evaluating their motivational orientations.Originality/value– The current study recognizes the multi-dimensional nature of motivation and differentiates the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations of employees by establishing the unique linkages between these orientations and employee task and CP. The study also examines differential role of two foci of employee commitment in analyzing the main effects.
From person-environment misfit to job burnout: theoretical extensions
Authors: Tong Jiajin , Wang Lei , Peng Kaiping 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the psychological mechanisms explaining the impact of fit on burnout based on meta-theories.Design/methodology/approach– A total of 199 employees participated in three waves with three-week intervals. Person-organization fit and person-job fit were measured in Wave 1, psychological-mechanism variables were measured in Wave 2, and burnout was measured in Wave 3.Findings– Person-organization fit and person-job fit related to three components of job burnout via multiple psychological mechanisms.Research limitations/implications– The findings help to extend existing theories on fit and burnout literature. The research advances the understanding of psychological mechanisms about how misfit leads to job burnout. It helps stimulate research interest to further investigation on their relationships and effects with other variables besides burnout. It also helps understand the construct of burnout.Practical implications– For individuals, person-job fit should be achieved as well as person-organization fit to avoid burnout. Measuring organization-based self-esteem (OBSE), psychological capital, and role conflict may help employers to recognize early signs of burnout and to develop effective interventions to reduce burnout. The findings help better understand the value of P-E fit and effective interventions in burnout.Social implications– It helps employees better select job and organization and adapt to the job and organization, reduce management cost, and keep mental health.Originality/value– Two original contributions are that: it adopted three meta-theories to comprehensively investigate the psychological mechanisms explaining how misfit leads to burnout; and it integrated individual and environmental factors of burnout into one fit-based model, which treats the person as a subject rather than a passive agent.
Differences in host species relationships and biogeographic influences produce contrasting patterns of prevalence, community composition and genetic structure in two genera of avian malaria parasites in southern Melanesia
Authors: Olsson‐Pons Sophie , Clark Nicholas J. , Ishtiaq Farah , Clegg Sonya M. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryHost–parasite interactions have the potential to influence broadscale ecological and evolutionary processes, levels of endemism, divergence patterns and distributions in host populations. Understanding the mechanisms involved requires identification of the factors that shape parasite distribution and prevalence.A lack of comparative information on community‐level host–parasite associations limits our understanding of the role of parasites in host population divergence processes. Avian malaria (haemosporidian) parasites in bird communities offer a tractable model system to examine the potential for pathogens to influence evolutionary processes in natural host populations.Using cytochromebvariation, we characterized phylogenetic diversity and prevalence of two genera of avian haemosporidian parasites,PlasmodiumandHaemoproteus, and analysed biogeographic patterns of lineages across islands and avian hosts, in southernMelanesian bird communities to identify factors that explain patterns of infection.Plasmodiumspp. displayed isolation‐by‐distance effects, a significant amount of genetic variation distributed among islands but insignificant amounts among host species and families, and strong local island effects with respect to prevalence.Haemoproteusspp. did not display isolation‐by‐distance patterns, showed marked structuring of genetic variation among avian host species and families, and significant host species prevalence patterns.These differences suggest thatPlasmodiumspp. infection patterns were shaped by geography and the abiotic environment, whereasHaemoproteusspp. infection patterns were shaped predominantly by host associations. Heterogeneity in the complement and prevalence of parasite lineages infecting local bird communities likely exposes host species to a mosaic of spatially divergent disease selection pressures across their naturally fragmented distributions in southernMelanesia. Host associations forHaemoproteusspp. indicate a capacity for the formation of locally co‐adapted host–parasite relationships, a feature that may limit intraspecific gene flow or range expansions of closely related host species.
Quality of life after total laryngectomy: functioning, psychological well‐being and self‐efficacy
Authors: Perry Alison , Casey Erica , Cotton Sue 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundQuality of life (QoL) is an important construct when assessing treatment outcomes.AimsTo examine the relative contributions of functioning, psychological well‐being and self‐efficacy on self‐perceived QoL with a sample of total laryngectomy patients in Australia who had surgery for advanced laryngeal cancer.Methods & ProceduresIn a cross‐sectional study, 113 members of the Laryngectomy Associations of New South Wales and of Victoria, Australia, were recruited, and each was sent a series of questionnaires for postal return. Four psychometrically validated measures were used for participants to document their QoL, functioning (speech, swallowing), psychological well‐being and general self‐efficacy.Outcomes & ResultsEighty‐six (77%) questionnaires were returned and 83 were analysed. The cohort consists of 70 men and 13 women aged between 46 and 88 years. Overall, this sample of total laryngectomy survivors demonstrated significantly reduced physical health QoL (p < 0.001) and social relationship QoL (p = 0.011) and higher levels of depression (p = 0.008) and anxiety (p = 0.001) when compared with normative samples. This was in the context of them having higher than normal self‐efficacy scores and, at worst, mild (self‐rated) impairment of speech and of swallowing. Psychological well‐being (sr2 = 0.43, p < 0.001) had a stronger association than functioning (speech, swallowing, sr2 = 0.08, p < 0.05) for their psychological QoL. Psychological well‐being (sr2 = 0.17, p < 0.001) and not functioning (sr2 = 0.05, p > 0.05) were significantly associated with social relationship QoL. Self‐efficacy scores were significantly higher than norms in this cohort, but were not associated with either their psychological QoL or social relationship QoL, after controlling for psychological well‐being and functioning.Conclusions & ImplicationsFor survivors of laryngeal cancer treated by total laryngectomy, it is important to be aware of the impact of psychological well‐being (depression, anxiety, stress) on self‐perceived QoL. In addition to rehabilitating function (speech, swallowing), specific interventions to assist these individuals better manage their psychological well‐being will likely improve their perceived life satisfaction/QoL.
A Taiwanese Mandarin Main Concept Analysis (TM‐MCA) for quantification of aphasic oral discourse
Authors: Kong Anthony Pak‐Hin , Yeh Chun‐Chih 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundVarious quantitative systems have been proposed to examine aphasic oral narratives in English. A clinical tool for assessing discourse produced by Cantonese‐speaking persons with aphasia (PWA), namely Main Concept Analysis (MCA), was developed recently for quantifying the presence, accuracy and completeness of a narrative. Similar tools for Mandarin speakers are currently absent.AimsThe first aim is to develop and establish the validity of the Taiwanese Mandarin Main Concept Analysis (TM‐MCA) for the Mandarin‐speaking population in Taiwan, given the paucity of related investigations. Another aim is to establish the influence of age and education level on Taiwanese Mandarin speakers’ oral narrative abilities. The third purpose is to examine how well the TM‐MCA could distinguish between native speakers with and without aphasia in Taiwan. The final aim is to examine the reliability and validity of the TM‐MCA.Methods & ProceduresEight speech–language pathologists (SLPs) and eight neurologically intact participants were involved to establish the TM‐MCA main concepts. Another 36 neurologically intact participants and 10 PWA participated to validate the TM‐MCA by contrasting their performance.Outcomes & ResultsBoth age and educational level affected the oral discourse performance among the neurologically intact adults. Significant differences on the TM‐MCA measures were noted between the control group and the group with aphasia. Moreover, the degree of aphasia significantly affected the oral discourse of PWA.Conclusions & ImplicationsThe TM‐MCA is a culturally appropriate quantitative system for the Taiwanese Mandarin population. It can be used to supplement standardized aphasia tests to help SLPs make more informative decisions not only on clinical diagnosis but also on treatment planning.