bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systems biology of lung development and regeneration: current knowledge and recommendations for future research
Authors: Hagood James S. , Ambalavanan Namasivayam 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe lung begins as a simple outpouching of the foregut and develops by stages into a highly complex organ, the proper function of which is essential to life for terrestrial mammals. Interruption of normal lung development can result in death or chronic disease. Conversely, repair after lung injury, as well as many acquired diseases, involves recapitulation, often aberrant, of developmental pathways. The principal paradigms in lung development are branching morphogenesis and alveolar septation, but others, such as vasculogenesis, are critical. These are partially understood at the level of cellular differentiation and molecular signaling, but a true systems biology analysis of lung development and lung repair/regeneration, including bioinformatics analysis and integration of data from unbiased and complementary ‘‐omics’ level studies, is still lacking. The past decade has seen increasing numbers of genomic, proteomic, metabolomics, and epigenomic studies of lung development and lung remodeling. In many cases, these studies have confirmed the importance of pathways uncovered painstakingly through single‐molecule approaches, but they have also uncovered novel and unexpected pathways and new paradigms such as noncoding RNA. Future studies will need to combine data from multiple repositories and apply novel mathematical and computational models in order to establish a systems‐level understanding of this remarkable organ. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2013, 5:125–133. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1205This article is categorized under:

Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease
Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Organ, Tissue, and Physiological Models
Biological Mechanisms > Regulatory Biology
A Tetranuclear Defective Dicubane‐like Nickel Complex: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Yang Pei‐Pei , Shao Cong‐Ying , Xu Yun , Zhu Li‐Li 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe one‐pot reaction of nickel(II) perchlorate salt with NaN3 and the Schiff base ligand, 3‐(2‐hydroxybenzylideneamino) propane‐1, 2‐diol (H3L), derived from the condensation of 2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde and 3‐aminopropane‐1, 2‐diol, yields [Ni4(HL)2(H2L)2(N3)2]·CH3CN (1). Single crystal X‐ray studies reveal that the complex exhibits a tetranuclear face‐shared defective double‐cubane structure, having azido and alk/phenoxido bridges. Magnetic property of complex 1 was investigated using variable temperature magnetic susceptibility and both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions exist in 1. On the basis of the known magneto‐structural relationship of oxido‐bridged nickel(II) complexes, the magnetic data were fitted and the parameters were given as g = 2.17, J1 = 9.22, J2 = 0.95, and J3 = –5.56.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Photophysical Properties of AuI–CuI Heterometallic Alkynyl Cluster Complexes Containing N‐Protected Amino Acid Groups
Authors: Dereza Pavel Yu. , Krytchankou Ilya S. , Krupenya Dmitry V. , Gurzhiy Vladislav V. , Koshevoy Igor O. , Melnikov Alexey S. , Tunik Sergey P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPolynuclear mixed‐metal gold(I)–copper(I) complexes 1–3 based on the [{Au3Cu2(C2C6H4NHR)6}Au3{PPh2C6H4PPh2}3]2+ cluster core with acyl (1) and N‐protected amino acid groups [R = BocGly (2), BocAla (3)] in alkynyl ligands were synthesized and characterized. The solid‐state structures of 1 was determined by XRD, the other complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and ESI‐MS measurements. The luminescence behavior of these compounds were studied in dichloromethane solution at room temperature, moderate to strong orange emission at ca. 610 nm with maximum quantum yield of 0.46 for compound 3 was found.
Limb lengthening in children with Russell–Silver syndrome: A comparison to other etiologies
Authors: Goldman V. , McCoy T. H. , Harbison M. D. , Fragomen A. T. , Rozbruch S. R. 
Published: January 2013

Introduction/background Russell–Silver syndrome (RSS) is the combination of intrauterine growth retardation, difficulty feeding, and postnatal growth retardation. Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is one of four major diagnostic criteria of RSS and is present in most cases. We aimed to ascertain whether pediatric RSS patients will adequately consolidate bony regenerate following leg lengthening. Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed pediatric RSS patients who underwent limb lengthening and compared them to a similar group of patients with LLD resulting from tumor, trauma, or congenital etiology. The primary outcome measurement was the bone healing index (BHI). Results The RSS group included seven lengthened segments in five patients; the comparison group included 21 segments in 19 patients. The groups had similar lengthening amounts (3.3 vs. 3.9 cm, p = 0.507). The RSS group healed significantly faster (lower BHI) than the control group (BHI 29 vs. 43 days/cm, p = 0.028). Secondary analysis showed no difference between RSS and trauma patients in terms of the BHI (29 vs. 31); however, the BHI of the RSS group was significantly lower than both of the other congenital etiologies (29 vs. 41, p = 0.032) and tumor patients (29 vs. 66, p = 0.019). The RSS patients had fewer and less significant complications than the controls. Discussion The limb lengthening regenerate healing of RSS patients is faster than the healing of patients with other congenital etiologies and tumor patients, and is as fast as the regenerate healing of patients with posttraumatic LLD. Although all RSS patients were treated with human growth hormone (hGH), we are unable to isolate the hGH contribution to the regenerate bone healing. We conclude that RSS patients can have safe limb lengthening.
Chinese Economic Dominance in Southeast Asia: ALongue DureePerspective
Authors: Hui Kian Kwee 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAs the industrialization process in Western European countries took off in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, they largely turned to Asia and Africa for raw materials and other resources, as well as for markets of their manufactures. Various entrepreneurial diasporas, including the Indians, Lebanese and Chinese, were at the forefront to exploit these burgeoning economic possibilities, particularly in gathering local mineral and agricultural commodities and marketing European goods in the Afro-Asian regions. The Chinese activities in Southeast Asia stood out: they not only presided over the commercial realm but also organized mining production and cash crop agriculture in ways largely autonomous of the colonial regimes and Western entrepreneurs. How can we explain the dominance of the Chinese migrants and sojourners in the Southeast Asian economy from the 1850s to the 1930s? This paper repudiates the existing literature, which largely credits their economic presence to conscious immigration policies of the colonial authorities, and instead highlights the effects of a confluence of developments in the early modern period (ca. 1450–1800), including the sidelining of South Asians, West Asians, and regional trading communities in favor of the Chinese. A particular focus is the roles played by symbolic capital and mechanisms of advanced credit and spiral marketing, and how these gave the Chinese a comparative advantage over other trading groups.
Molecular characterization of an actin depolymerizing factor fromCryptocaryon irritans
Authors: HUANG XIAOHONG , XU YANG , GUO GUOWEI , LIN QIANQIAN , YE ZHONGFENG , YUAN LIPING , SUN ZHIYU , NI WEI 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYActin depolymerizing factors regulate actin dynamics involved in cellular processes such as morphogenesis, motility, development and infection. Here, a novel actin depolymerizing factor gene (CiADF2) was cloned from the cDNA library ofCryptocaryon irritans, a parasitic ciliate causing cryptocaryonosis. The full-length cDNA ofCiADF2was 531 bp. Its open reading frame (ORF) was 417 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 138 aa with typical features of the ADF/cofilin family. Reverse transcription-PCR suggested thatCiADF2is expressed in all stages of the life cycle. After site-directed mutagenesis of a non-universal genetic code, the ORF was subcloned inEscherichia coli. The bacteria were induced with the addition of isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside to express a fusion protein of recombinant CiADF2(rCiADF2) with glutathioneStransferase. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot confirmed the predicted molecular mass of rCiADF2of 16·2 kDa. A mouse antibody against rCiADF2recognized native CiADF2, and rCiADF2reacted with mouse antisera againstC. irritanstrophonts. CiADF2was abundant in the plasma around cytostomes, suggesting that CiADF2is involved in ciliate movement. Moreover, rCiADF2showed F-actin binding and depolymerizing activity. This study will help to clarify the pathogenic biology of the parasite and develop effective control measures for cryptocaryonosis.
The Earlier Wittgenstein on the Notion of Religious Attitude
Authors: Tejedor Chon 
Published: January 2013

AbstractI defend a new interpretation of Wittgenstein's notion of religious (or ethical) attitude in theTractatus, one that rejects three key views from the secondary literature: firstly, the view that, for Wittgenstein, the willing subject is a transcendental condition for the religious attitude; secondly, the view that the religious attitude is an emotive response to the world or something closely modelled on this notion of emotive response; and thirdly, the view that, although the religious and ethical pseudo-propositions of theTractatusare nonsensical, they nevertheless succeed in expressing the religious attitude endorsed by Wittgenstein. In connection to the first, I argue that the notion of willing subject as transcendental condition is abandoned by Wittgenstein in theNotebooksand is no longer a feature of his position in theTractatus. In connection to the second, I argue that the religious attitude is dispositional rather than emotive for Wittgenstein: it is a disposition to use signs in a way that demonstrates one's conceptual clarity. Finally, in connection to the third, I argue that the religious or ethical attitude is strongly ineffable in that it cannot be described, expressed or conveyed by language at all.
Philistinism and the Preservation of Nature
Authors: James Simon P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIt is clear that natural entities can be preserved – they can be preserved because they can be harmed or destroyed, or in various other ways adversely affected. I argue that in light of the rise of scientism and other forms of philistinism, the political, religious, mythic, personal and historical meanings that people find in those entities can also be preserved. Against those who impugn disciplines such as fine arts, philosophy and sociology, I contend that this sort of preservation requires the efforts of those whose work exemplifies the core values of the arts, the humanities and the qualitative social sciences.
Underdeveloped embryos and kinds of dormancy in seeds of two gymnosperms: Podocarpus costalis and Nageia nagi (Podocarpaceae)
Authors: Chen Shun-Ying , Baskin Carol C. , Baskin Jerry M. , Chien Ching-Te 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAlthough it has been speculated that seeds of the gymnosperm family Podocarpaceae have an underdeveloped embryo, no detailed studies have been done to definitively answer this question. Our purpose was to determine if embryos in seeds of two species of Podocarpaceae, Podocarpus costalis and Nageia nagi, from Taiwan are underdeveloped and to examine the kind of dormancy the seeds have. Embryos in fresh seeds of P. costalis were 4.6 ± 0.5 mm long, and they increased in length by about 54% before radicle emergence (germination), demonstrating that the embryo is underdeveloped at seed maturity. Seeds germinated to >90% at 30/20, 25/15 and 25°C in light in ≤ 4 weeks, without any cold stratification pretreatment. Thus, seeds of P. costalis have morphological dormancy (MD). Embryos in fresh seeds of N. nagi were 7.4 ± 0.8 mm long and they increased in length by about 39% before radicle emergence (germination) occurred, indicating that the embryo is underdeveloped at seed maturity. Seeds germinated to < 25% at 30/20 and 25°C in light in 4 weeks but to >90% at the same temperatures in 12 weeks. Thus, most seeds of N. nagi have morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). Although underdeveloped embryos are considered to be a primitive condition in seed plants, they also occur in the most advanced orders. The occurrence of underdeveloped embryos in Podocarpaceae documents that they are not restricted to a basal clade in gymnosperms.
How To Be a Peer Reviewer: A Guide for Recent and Soon-to-be PhDs
Authors: Miller Beth , Pevehouse Jon , Rogowski Ron , Tingley Dustin , Wilson Rick 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPeer review is central to political science. In this article we collect the ideas of journal editors in political science and several recent PhDs, who met as a panel at the 2011 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting to discuss the principles of the review process. This includes why reviewing is important to the development of one's own scholarship but also offers some nuts and bolts on reviewing.
Rookie Mistakes: Preemptive Comments on Graduate Student Empirical Research Manuscripts
Authors: Zigerell L. J 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPolitical science graduate students need to develop strong skills in drafting empirical research manuscripts. Yet, many graduate student manuscripts contain similar shortcomings, which require student peers, faculty advisors, and journal referees to produce the same comments for multiple manuscripts. This article lists common comments on empirical research manuscripts, as a reference to help students revise their manuscripts before presentation to others for review, so that reviewers can focus on the more substantive elements of a manuscript, thus producing better manuscripts that are more likely to be published and thus contribute to knowledge about political phenomena.
Hippies, Feminists, and Neocons: Using The Big Lebowski to Find the Political in the Nonpolitical
Authors: Leckrone J. Wesley 
Published: January 2013

AbstractFilms used for political science instruction are typically political or historical and are selected to examine concepts developed by the filmmaker within the context of a curriculum. This approach may not be appropriate for introductory American government classes given students' weak foundation of political knowledge and lack of interest in politics. This article examines an alternative model of film use employing the seemingly nonpolitical filmThe Big Lebowski. Viewed early in the semester, the film highlights the ubiquitous presence of politics in society and government's relevance to everyday life. Clip montages of the movie characters were used to enhance discussion of the First Amendment, voter identification, social capital, and foreign policy throughout the semester.
Molecular characterization of oil palmElaeis guineensisJacq. materials from Cameroon
Authors: Arias Diana , Montoya Carmenza , Romero Hernán 
Published: January 2013

The narrow genetic base of existing commercial oil palm cultivars has prompted oil palm breeders to give increased importance to augmenting these genetic resources because the sustainable development of the crop depends largely on the availability of genetic diversity and its use. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct a molecular characterization of anex situcollection of oil palmElaeis guineensisJacq. populations from the Republic of Cameroon using microsatellite molecular markers. Overall, 31 simple sequence repeats were polymorphic, with a total of 223 alleles, 78.4% of which were found at low frequency. The total genetic diversity was relatively high (HT= 0.673). The genetic differentiation between geographical regions was low (GST= 0.023,P= 0.001), and between families it was high (GST= 0.166,P= 0.001), showing greater variation between families than among geographical regions. The molecular data indicate that genetic diversity among the genotypes evaluated is mainly distributed within regions, suggesting that there is no isolation by geographical distance and that all the sampled individuals form a single diverse population. Therefore, it was concluded that a relatively low number of accessions (120 in the analysed case) that includes at least one representative of each family would allow us to efficiently collect almost the entire genetic diversity of Cameroon within the collection studied. This will allow for the efficient use of genetic resources and a reduction in morpho-agronomic characterization costs.
Novel techniques for preserving genetic diversity in poultry germplasm.
Authors: Silversides F. G. , Liu JianAn Liu JianAn 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
There have been massive losses of avian genetic material over the past several decades, partly because of a belief that cryoconservation techniques used for mammals do not work for birds. For several avian species, cryopreservation of semen may not be sufficiently efficient to use in commercial practice but the fertility it produces is fully adequate for conservation purposes. Technology around embryonic primordial germ cells, which will produce the gametes, has been used to produce transgenic birds. These cells can be isolated, cryopreserved and recovered in chimaeras but the efficiency of recovery is far too low for conservation purposes because several dozen individuals must be produced to recover the variation from the original population. Cryopreservation of avian gonads with subsequent recovery of the germline through transplantation has been demonstrated recently and should provide the ability to both cryoconserve and recover avian populations.
Looking into the Future: A Match between Self-View and Temporal Distance
Authors: Spassova Gerri , Lee Angela Y. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Representing an event in abstract (vs. concrete) terms and as happening in the distant (vs. proximal) future has been shown to have important consequences for cognition and motivation. Less is known about factors that influence construal level and perceived temporal distance. The present research identifies one such factor and explores the implications for persuasion. Four studies show that an independent self-view is associated with abstract representations of future events and with perceiving these events as happening in the more distant future, whereas an interdependent self-view is associated with concrete representations of future events and with perceiving these events as happening in the more proximal future. Furthermore, a match (vs. mismatch) between the temporal frame of an advertisement and the self-view of the recipient leads to systematic changes in advertisement effectiveness and product appeal. These results add to the construal level theory and the self literatures and have practical implications for advertisers.
Thirty trends shaping the future of academic libraries
Authors: ATTIS David , KOPROSKE Colin 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis collection of observations, insights, and strategies summarizes the findings from the Education Advisory Board's 2011 research initiative, ‘Redefining the Academic Library: Managing the Migration to Digital Information Services‘, which was conducted on behalf of its membership of over 200 provosts and vice‐presidents for academic affairs at institutions across North America. The full report is freely accessible at http://www.educationadvisoryboard.com/pdf/23634‐EAB‐Redefining‐the‐Academic‐Library.pdf
How authors can maximise the chance of manuscript acceptance and article visibility
Authors: KALWIJ Jesse M. , SMIT Christian 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe current peer‐review system is being overloaded with manuscript submissions that increasingly exceed reviewer availability and journal publication space. Consequently manuscript rejections rates, peer‐review requests, and subject‐editors' workloads are mounting. Here we outline common problems with manuscript submissions and propose solutions that are both straightforward and easy to implement. We suggest that authors themselves can do much more to relieve the overloaded peer‐review system, while simultaneously increasing their own manuscript acceptance rate and article visibility.
The patient's perspective
Authors: Jamison Kay Redfield , Wyatt Richard Jed , Kaplin Adam Ian 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
It is difficult to be a psychiatric patient, but a good doctor can make it less so. Confusion and fear can be overcome by knowledge and compassion, and resistance to treatment is often, although by no means always, amenable to change by intelligent persuasion. This chapter provides an overview of the patient's perspective.
Public attitudes and the challenge of stigma
Authors: Thornicroft Graham , Brohan Elaine , Kassam Aliya 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIf we deliberately shift focus from stigma to discrimination, there are a number of distinct advantages. First attention moves from attitudes to actual behaviour, not if an employer would hire a person with mental illness, but if he or she does. Second, interventions can be tried and tested to see if they change behaviour towards people with mental illness, without necessarily changing knowledge or feelings. The key candidates as active ingredients to reduce stigma are: (i) at the local level, direct social contact with people with mental illness; and (ii) social marketing techniques at the national level. Third, people who have a diagnosis of mental illness can expect to benefit from all the relevant anti-discrimination policies and laws in their country or jurisdiction, on a basis of parity with people with physical disabilities. Fourth, a discrimination perspective requires us to focus not upon the ‘stigmatized’ but upon the ‘stigmatizer’. In sum, this means sharpening our sights upon human rights, upon injustice, and upon discrimination as actually experienced by people with mental illness.
Values and values-based practice in clinical psychiatry
Authors: Fulford K. W. M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractValues-based practice is a new skills-based approach to working more effectively with complex and conflicting values in health and social care. This chapter illustrates some of the ways in which combining values-based with evidence-based approaches supports the day-to-day practice of the clinical psychiatrist, particularly in the context of multidisciplinary teamwork.
Descriptive phenomenology
Authors: Sims Andrew 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPsychopathology is the systematic study of abnormal experience, cognition, and behaviour. It includes the explanatory psychopathologies, where there are assumed causative factors according to theoretical constructs, and descriptive psychopathology, which precisely describes and categorizes abnormal experiences as recounted by the patient and observed in his behaviour. Therefore the two components of descriptive psychopathology are the observation of behaviour and the empathic assessment of subjective experience. The latter is referred to by Jaspers as phenomenology, and implies that the patient is able to introspect and describe what these internal experiences are, and the doctor responds by recognizing and understanding this description. Descriptive phenomenology, as described here, is synonymous with pheno-menological psychopathology, and involves the observation and categorization of abnormal psychological events, the internal experiences of the patient, and consequent behaviour. The attempt is made to observe and understand this psychological event or phenomenon so that the observer can, as far as possible, know what the patient's experience must feel like.