bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Certain investigation on hybrid neural network method for classification of ECG signal with the suitable a FIR filter
Authors: Jayaraman Rajendiran Dinesh Kumar , Ganesh Babu C. , Priyadharsini K. , Karthi S. P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Electrocardiogram (ECG) records are crucial for predicting heart diseases and evaluating patient’s health conditions. ECG signals provide essential peak values that reflect reliable health information. Analyzing ECG signals is a fundamental technique for computerized prediction with advancements in Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) technology and significantly impacts in biomedical signal processing. VLSI advancements focus on high-speed circuit functionality while minimizing power consumption and area occupancy. In ECG signal denoising, digital filters like Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) and Finite Impulse Response (FIR) are commonly used. The FIR filters are preferred for their higher-order performance and stability over IIR filters, especially in real-time applications. The Modified FIR (MFIR) blocks were reconstructed using the optimized adder-multiplier block for better noise reduction performance. The MIT-BIT database is used as reference where the noises are filtered by the MFIR based on Optimized Kogge Stone Adder (OKSA). Features are extracted and analyzed using Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and Cross Correlation (CC). At this modern era, Hybrid methods of Machine Learning (HMLM) methods are preferred because of their combined performance which is better than non-fused methods. The accuracy of the Hybrid Neural Network (HNN) model reached 92.3%, surpassing other models such as Generalized Sequential Neural Networks (GSNN), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machine with linear kernel (SVM linear), and Support Vector Machine with Radial Basis Function kernel (SVM RBF) by margins of 3.3%, 5.3%, 23.3%, and 24.3%, respectively. While the precision of the HNN is 91.1%, it was slightly lower than GSNN and ANN but higher than both SVM linear and SVM -RBF. The HNN with various features are incorporated to improve the ECG classification. The accuracy of the HNN is switched to 95.99% when the DWT and CC are combined. Also, it improvises other parameters such as precision 93.88%, recall is 0.94, F1 score is 0.88, Kappa is 0.89, kurtosis is 1.54, skewness is 1.52 and error rate 0.076. These parameters are higher than recently developed models whose algorithms and methods accuracy is more than 90%.
Biochemical indicators, cell apoptosis, and metabolomic analyses of the low-temperature stress response and cold tolerance mechanisms in Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Zhu Weilin , Li Qiangyong , Peng Min , Yang Chunling , Chen Xiuli , Feng Pengfei , Liu Qingyun , Zhang Bin , Zeng Digang , Zhao Yongzhen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe cold tolerance of Litopenaeus vannamei is important for breeding in specific areas. To explore the cold tolerance mechanism of L. vannamei, this study analyzed biochemical indicators, cell apoptosis, and metabolomic responses in cold-tolerant (Lv-T) and common (Lv-C) L. vannamei under low-temperature stress (18 °C and 10 °C). TUNEL analysis showed a significant increase in apoptosis of hepatopancreatic duct cells in L. vannamei under low-temperature stress. Biochemical analysis showed that Lv-T had significantly increased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and triglycerides (TG), while alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-L), and uric acid (UA) levels were significantly decreased compared to Lv-C (p < 0.05). Metabolomic analysis displayed significant increases in metabolites such as LysoPC (P-16:0), 11beta-Hydroxy-3,20-dioxopregn-4-en-21-oic acid, and Pirbuterol, while metabolites such as 4-Hydroxystachydrine, Oxolan-3-one, and 3-Methyldioxyindole were significantly decreased in Lv-T compared to Lv-C. The differentially regulated metabolites were mainly enriched in pathways such as Protein digestion and absorption, Central carbon metabolism in cancer and ABC transporters. Our study indicate that low temperature induces damage to the hepatopancreatic duct of shrimp, thereby affecting its metabolic function. The cold resistance mechanism of Lv-T L. vannamei may be due to the enhancement of antioxidant enzymes and lipid metabolism.
Anxiety and sleep quality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: multiple mediating roles of hope and family function
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Yi Xiang , Fan Hui , Cheng Huiling 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the extent of sleep quality among individuals undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and to scrutinize whether hope and family function serve as mediators in the association between anxiety and sleep quality in this cohort. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 227 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis from two tertiary hospitals in Wuhan. Participants completed several self-report questionnaires, including the Sociodemographic questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Athens Insomnia Scale, Herth Hope Index, and Family APGAR Index. As per the findings of the chain mediation analysis, it was observed that the sleep quality scores were directly predicted by anxiety. Moreover, anxiety positively predicted sleep quality scores through hope and family function as mediators. The observed types of mediation were partial mediation. The total indirect effect value was 0.354, indicating the mediating effect of hope and family function, while the total effect value was 0.481, representing the overall effect of anxiety on sleep quality. The total effect size was 73.60% (0.354/0.481), indicating that the mediation accounted for a significant portion of the relationship. This study established the chain mediating effect of hope and family function between anxiety and sleep quality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. The findings highlight the importance of addressing anxiety and promoting hope and family function to improve sleep quality in this population. The findings suggest that healthcare professionals should be attentive to the anxiety levels of these patients and implement targeted interventions to help alleviate anxiety, enhance hope, and improve family functioning, with the ultimate goal of improving sleep quality in this population.
Development and validation of the MultiScent-20 digital odour identification test using item response theory
Authors: Nakanishi Marcio , Brandão Pedro Renato de Paula , Freire Gustavo Subtil Magalhães , Vinha Luis Gustavo do Amaral , Fornazieri Marco Aurélio , Anselmo-Lima Wilma Terezinha , Assis Pereira Danilo , Campos de Sousa Gustavo Henrique , Galvão Claudia , Hummel Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough validated and reliable psychophysical tests of olfactory function are available, an easy-to-use and feasible test has yet to be developed. This study aimed to design a digital odour identification test, evaluate its validity, assess its reliability, establish a normative curve, and explore the impact of demographic factors. The odour identification test was presented with the Multiscent-20, a hand-held, tablet-like digital scent device that features an integrated odour digital delivery system. The identification performance on the 20 odours was assessed using item response theory (IRT). The normative curve was established by administering the test to a large sample of participants (n = 1299). The mean identification score was 17.5 (SD = 2.1). The two-parameter logistic IRT model provided the best fit, revealing variation in item discrimination and difficulty parameters. Educational attainment influenced performance, with primary education associated with lower scores. Additionally, sex was not found to be associated with performance. This study provides initial evidence supporting the validity and reliability of use of the Multiscent-20 as a digital odour identification test. The test’s automation and portability enable the standardized delivery of olfactory stimuli and efficient automatic recording and scoring of responses.
Microenvironment M1/M2 macrophages and tumoral progression vary within C57BL/6 mice from same substrain in prostate cancer model
Authors: Hernández-Peralta P. , Chacón-Salinas R. , Gracia-Mora M. I. , Soldevila G. , Moreno-Rodríguez J. , Cobos-Marín L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCancer mice models are critical for immune-oncology research; they provide conditions to explore tumor immunoenviroment aiming to advance knowledge and treatment development. Often, research groups breed their own mice colonies. To assess the effect of C57BL/6 mice breeding nuclei in prostate cancer development and intratumoral macrophage populations, an isotransplantation experiment was performed. C57BL/6J mice from two breeding nuclei (nA and nB) were employed for prostate adenocarcinoma TRAMP-C1 cell implantation; tumor growth period and intratumoral macrophage profile were measured. BL/6nB mice (54%) showed tumor implantation after 69-day growth period while BL/6nA implantation reached 100% across tumor growth period (28 days). No difference in total macrophage populations was observed between groups within several tumoral regions; significantly higher M2 macrophage profile was observed in tumor microenvironments from both mice groups. Nevertheless, BL/6nB tumors showed around twice the population of M1 profile (11–27%) than BL6nA (4–15%) and less non-polarized macrophages. The M1:M2 average ratio was 1:8 for group A and 1:4 for B. Our results demonstrate different tumor progression and intratumoral macrophage populations among mice from the same substrain. Data obtained in this study shows the relevance of animal source renewal for better control of murine cancer model variables.
Study on the Infrared and Raman spectra of Ti3AlB2, Zr3AlB2, Hf3AlB2, and Ta3AlB2 by first-principles calculations
Authors: Wang Shengzhao , Chen Lanli , Hao Haoshan , Qiao Chong , Song Jinfan , Cui Chaojun , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the crystal geometry, electronic structure, lattice vibration, Infrared and Raman spectra of ternary layered borides M3AlB2 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta) are studied by using first principles calculation method based on the density functional theory. The electronic structure of M3AlB2 indicates that they are all electrical conductors, and the d orbitals of Ti, Zr, Hf, and Ta occupy most of the bottom of the conduction band and most of the top of the valence band. Al and B have lower contributions near their Fermi level. The lightweight and stronger chemical bonds of atom B are important factors that correspond to higher levels of peak positions in the Infrared and Raman spectra. However, the vibration frequencies, phonon density of states, and peak positions of Infrared and Raman spectra are significantly lower because of heavier masses and weaker chemical bonds for M and Al atoms. And, there are 6 Infrared active modes A2u and E1u, and 7 Raman active modes, namely A1g, E2g, and E1g corresponding to different vibration frequencies in M3AlB2. Furthermore, the Infrared and Raman spectra of M3AlB2 were obtained respectively, which intuitively provided a reliable Infrared and Raman vibration position and intensity theoretical basis for the experimental study.
Enhanced brackish water desalination in capacitive deionization with composite Zn-BTC MOF-incorporated electrodes
Authors: Ghorbanian Amirshahriar , Rowshanzamir Soosan , Mehri Foad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, composite electrodes with metal–organic framework (MOF) for brackish water desalination via capacitive deionization (CDI) were developed. The electrodes contained activated carbon (AC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and zinc-benzene tricarboxylic acid (Zn-BTC) MOF in varying proportions, improving their electrochemical performance. Among them, the E4 electrode with 6% Zn-BTC MOF exhibited the best performance in terms of CV and EIS analyses, with a specific capacity of 88 F g−1 and low ion charge transfer resistance of 4.9 Ω. The E4 electrode showed a 46.7% increase in specific capacitance compared to the E1 electrode, which did not include the MOF. Physicochemical analyses, including XRD, FTIR, FESEM, BET, EDS, elemental mapping, and contact angle measurements, verified the superior properties of the E4 electrode compared to E1, showcasing successful MOF synthesis, desirable pore size, elemental and particle-size distribution of materials, and the superior hydrophilicity enhancement. By evaluating salt removal capacity (SRC) in various setups using an initially 100.0 mg L−1 NaCl feed solution, the asymmetric arrangement of E1 and E4 electrodes outperformed symmetric arrangements, achieving a 21.1% increase in SRC to 6.3 mg g−1. This study demonstrates the potential of MOF-incorporated electrodes for efficient CDI desalination processes.
The effect of elimination of gibbs ringing, noise and systematic errors on the DTI metrics and tractography in a rat brain
Authors: Mazur-Rosmus Weronika , Krzyżak Artur T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics and tractography can be biased due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and systematic errors resulting from image artifacts and imperfections in magnetic field gradients. The imperfections include non-uniformity and nonlinearity, effects caused by eddy currents, and the influence of background and imaging gradients. We investigated the impact of systematic errors on DTI metrics of an isotropic phantom and DTI metrics and tractography of a rat brain measured at high resolution. We tested denoising and Gibbs ringing removal methods combined with the B matrix spatial distribution (BSD) method for magnetic field gradient calibration. The results showed that the performance of the BSD method depends on whether Gibbs ringing is removed and the effectiveness of stochastic error removal. Region of interest (ROI)-based analysis of the DTI metrics showed that, depending on the size of the ROI and its location in space, correction methods can remove systematic bias to varying degrees. The preprocessing pipeline proposed and dedicated to this type of data together with the BSD method resulted in an even − 90% decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) (globally and locally) in the isotropic phantom and − 45% in the rat brain. The largest global changes in the rat brain tractogram compared to the standard method without preprocessing (sDTI) were noticed after denoising. The direction of the first eigenvector obtained from DTI after denoising, Gibbs ringing removal and BSD differed by an average of 56 and 10 degrees in the ROI from sDTI and from sDTI after denoising and Gibbs ringing removal, respectively. The latter can be identified with the amount of improvement in tractography due to the elimination of systematic errors related to imperfect magnetic field gradients. Based on the results, the systematic bias for high resolution data mainly depended on SNR, but the influence of non-uniform gradients could also be seen. After denoising, the BSD method was able to further correct both the metrics and tractography of the diffusion tensor in the rat brain by taking into account the actual distribution of magnetic field gradients independent of the examined object and uniquely dependent on the scanner and sequence. This means that in vivo studies are also subject to this type of errors, which should be taken into account when processing such data.
Transcription factor roles in the local adaptation to temperature in the Andean Spiny Toad Rhinella spinulosa
Authors: Hinostroza Fernando , Araya-Duran Ingrid , Piñeiro Alejandro , Lobos Isabel , Pastenes Luis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEnvironmental temperature strongly influences the adaptation dynamics of amphibians, whose limited regulation capabilities render them susceptible to thermal oscillations. A central element of the adaptive strategies is the transcription factors (TFs), which act as master regulators that orchestrate stress responses, enabling species to navigate the fluctuations of their environment skillfully. Our study delves into the intricate relationship between TF expression and thermal adaptation mechanisms in the Rhinella spinulosa populations. We sought to elucidate the dynamic modulations of TF expression in prometamorphic and metamorphic tadpoles that inhabit two thermally contrasting environments (Catarpe and El Tatio Geyser, Chile) and which were exposed to two thermal treatments (25 °C vs. 20 °C). Our findings unravel an intriguing dichotomy in response strategies between these populations. First, results evidence the expression of 1374 transcription factors. Regarding the temperature shift, the Catarpe tadpoles show a multifaceted approach by up-regulating crucial TFs, including fosB, atf7, and the androgen receptor. These dynamic regulatory responses likely underpin the population’s ability to navigate thermal fluctuations effectively. In stark contrast, the El Tatio tadpoles exhibit a more targeted response, primarily up-regulating foxc1. This differential expression suggests a distinct focus on specific TFs to mitigate the effects of temperature variations. Our study contributes to understanding the molecular mechanisms governing thermal adaptation responses and highlights the resilience and adaptability of amphibians in the face of ever-changing environmental conditions.
Altered serum interleukin-17A and interleukin-23A levels may be associated with the pathophysiology and development of generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: Mamun-or-Rashid  , Roknuzzaman A. S. M. , Sarker Rapty , Nayem Jannatul , Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed , Islam Md. Rabiul , Al Mahmud Zobaer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent times, the pathogenesis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and the influence of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines on it have garnered considerable interest. Cytokine research, especially Th-17 cytokine research on GAD patients, is limited. Here, we aim to assess the role of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-23A (IL-23A) in the pathophysiology and development of GAD. This investigation included 50 GAD patients and 38 age-sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). A psychiatrist diagnosed patients with GAD and assessed symptom severity using the DSM-5 and the GAD-7 scales. The serum concentrations of IL-17A and IL-23A were determined using commercially available ELISA kits. GAD patients exhibited elevated levels of IL-17A (77.14 ± 58.30 pg/ml) and IL-23A (644.90 ± 296.70 pg/ml) compared to HCs (43.50 ± 25.54 pg/ml and 334.40 ± 176.0 pg/ml). We observed a positive correlation between disease severity and cytokine changes (IL-23A: r = 0.359, p = 0.039; IL-17A: r = 0.397, p = 0.032). These findings indicate that IL-17A and IL-23A may be associated with the pathophysiology of GAD. ROC analysis revealed moderately higher AUC values (IL-23A: 0.824 and IL-17A: 0.710), demonstrating their potential to discriminate between patients and HCs. Also, the sensitivity values of both cytokines were relatively higher (IL-23A: 80.49% and IL-17A: 77.27%). According to the present findings, there may be an association between peripheral serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23A and the pathophysiology and development of GAD. These altered serum IL-17A and IL-23A levels may play a role in directing the early risk of developing GAD. We recommend further research to ascertain their exact role in the pathophysiology and their performance as risk assessment markers of GAD.
Profiling lipid mediators in serum from children with H1N1 influenza
Authors: Chen Weijun , Gu Yitao , Ma Yongjun , Dong Lele , Pan Liangxuan , Ji Chai , Guo Lanlan , Qi Lianxin , Zhang Yuanyuan , Gao Fei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInfluenza A virus subtype H1N1 can cause severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in young children and elderly individuals. H1N1 initiates inflammatory responses that aim to contain and eliminate microbial invaders. Various lipid mediators (LMs) are biosynthesized and play a critical role in fighting viruses during inflammation; thus, by profiling the LMs in patients, researchers can obtain mechanistic insights into diseases, such as the pathways disrupted. To date, the relationship between molecular alterations in LMs and the pathogenesis of H1N1 influenza in children is poorly understood. Here, we employed a targeted liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) to profile LMs in serum from children with H1N1 influenza (H1N1 children) and recovered children. We found that 22 LM species were altered in H1N1 children with mild symptoms. Analysis of the LM profiles of recovered children revealed a decrease in the levels of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and thromboxane B3 (TxB3) and an increase in the levels of other 8 altered LM species associated with H1N1 influenza, including cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme-derived dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DiHETrEs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) from arachidonic acid (AA), and epoxyoctadecamonoenoic acids (EpOMEs) from linoleic acid (LA). Taken together, the results of this study revealed that serum LMs change dynamically in H1N1 children with mild symptoms. The dramatically altered LMs in H1N1 children could serve as a basis for potential therapeutics or adjuvants against H1N1 influenza.
Impregnation of Silica Gel with Choline Chloride-MEA as an eco-friendly adsorbent for CO2 capture
Authors: Jahanbakhshi Maryam , Ghaemi Ahad , Helmi Maryam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DES) are a generation of ionic liquids that benefit from low cost, good stability, and environmental-friendly features. In this research, a porous silica gel was impregnated with a eutectic Choline Chloride-Monoethanolamine solvent (ChCl-MEA) to greatly improve its CO2 capture performance. In the impregnation, the weight percentages of ChCl-MEA were used in the range of 10–60 wt% at a temperature of 25 °C. The effect of ChCl-MEA loading on the structural properties of the DES-modified silica samples was studied by BET, FTIR, and TGA analyses. Investigation of the CO2 adsorption performance at different operational conditions showed that the modified silica gel with 50 wt% ChCl-MEA (Silica-CM50) presents the highest CO2 capture capacity of 89.32 mg/g. In the kinetic modeling, the fractional order model with a correlation coefficient of 0.998 resulted in the best fit with the experimental data. In addition, the isotherm data for Silica-CM50 were well-fitted with the Dual site Langmuir isotherm model with a correlation coefficient of 0.999, representing two distinct sites for the adsorption process. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters including Enthalpy, Entropy, and Gibbs free energy at 25 °C were obtained to be − 2.770, − 0.005 and − 1.162, respectively. The results showed the exothermic, spontaneous and feasibility of the adsorption process.