bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State and Output Feedback Certainty Equivalence M‐MRAC for Systems with Unmatched Uncertainties
Authors: Stepanyan Vahram , Krishnakumar Kalmanje 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe paper presents a certainty equivalence indirect adaptive control design method for parametric strict feedback nonlinear systems of any relative degree with unmatched uncertainties in state and output feedback settings. The approach is based on the parameter identification (estimation) model, which is completely separated from the control design and is capable of producing parameter estimates as fast as the computing power allows. It is shown that the system's input and output tracking errors can be systematically decreased by the proper choice of the design parameters.
Guanidine Nitrate Enhanced Catalysis of Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Metal‐Free Styrene Production through Direct Dehydrogenation
Authors: Zhao Zhongkui , Dai Yitao , Ge Guifang , Wang Guiru 
Published: February 2015

AbstractNitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with defect‐ and CO‐group‐rich surface features were fabricated through a facile and scalable physical dry milling and subsequent pyrolysis approach of carbon nanotubes and melamine in the presence of guanidine nitrate. The catalytic performance of the as‐prepared N‐doped CNTs with diverse guanidine nitrate dosages and pyrolysis temperatures for direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene under oxidant‐ and steam‐free conditions was measured. Various characterization techniques including high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nitrogen–adsorption and thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman spectroscopy were employed to investigate the structure and surface properties, as well as to explore the relationship between catalyst nature and catalytic performance. It is found that the addition of guanidine nitrate in the pyrolysis process of CNT with melamine significantly affects the structure, surface properties, and catalytic performance. The optimized N‐doped CNTs demonstrate steady‐state styrene production rates 1.56 and 1.60 times higher than those of the parent CNTs and the established nanodiamond, as well as 6.49 times the rate of commercially available K–Fe catalyst without compromising the selectivity to styrene. The much superior catalytic performance in metal‐free catalytic direct dehydrogenation can be ascribed to the CO group‐ and defect‐rich surface nature, the basic properties resulted from N‐doping, the larger surface area and pore volume, and smaller graphitic carbon crystallites. The fabricated novel N‐doped CNTs can be considered as a promising candidate for sustainable production of styrene through oxidant‐ and steam‐free direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene with energy‐saving and environmentally benign features. The developed defect‐formation strategy in this work can be used for preparation of other metal‐free carbocatalysts.
Shifting ranges and conservation challenges for lemurs in the face of climate change
Authors: Brown Jason L. , Yoder Anne D. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGeospatial modeling is one of the most powerful tools available to conservation biologists for estimating current species ranges of Earth's biodiversity. Now, with the advantage of predictive climate models, these methods can be deployed for understanding future impacts on threatened biota. Here, we employ predictive modeling under a conservative estimate of future climate change to examine impacts on the future abundance and geographic distributions of Malagasy lemurs. Using distribution data from the primary literature, we employed ensemble species distribution models and geospatial analyses to predict future changes in species distributions. Current species distribution models (SDMs) were created within theBIOMOD2 framework that capitalizes on ten widely used modeling techniques. Future and currentSDMs were then subtracted from each other, and areas of contraction, expansion, and stability were calculated. Model overprediction is a common issue associated Malagasy taxa. Accordingly, we introduce novel methods for incorporating biological data on dispersal potential to better inform the selection of pseudo‐absence points. This study predicts that 60% of the 57 species examined will experience a considerable range of reductions in the next seventy yearsentirelydue to future climate change. Of these species, range sizes are predicted to decrease by an average of 59.6%. Nine lemur species (16%) are predicted to expand their ranges, and 13 species (22.8%) distribution sizes were predicted to be stable through time. Species ranges will experience severe shifts, typically contractions, and for the majority of lemur species, geographic distributions will be considerably altered. We identify three areas in dire need of protection, concluding that strategically managed forest corridors must be a key component of lemur and other biodiversity conservation strategies. This recommendation is all the more urgent given that the results presented here do not take into account patterns of ongoing habitat destruction relating to human activities.
Zwitterionic Phenyl Phosphorylcholine on Indium Tin Oxide: a Low‐Impedance Protein‐Resistant Platform for Biosensing
Authors: Jiang Cheng , Tanzirul Alam Muhammad , Parker Stephen G. , Gooding J. Justin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this study we have modified indium tin oxide (ITO) by electrografting phenylphosphorylcholine (PPC) and evaluated its protein‐resistance performance using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. During electrografting, significant amounts of PPC gets physically adsorbed on the surface, which cannot be removed by simply rinsing with water or buffer, and as a consequence the electrochemical response of such electrode is quite unstable. We have developed a simple protocol to remove the physically adsorbed PPC such that a stable interface is produced. It was found that such a stable surface, with appropriate amount of PPC, can dramatically reduce nonspecific adsorption of protein, giving us a platform of performing both electrochemical and spectroscopic studies in biological fluids.
Energy efficiency optimisation in full‐duplex relay systems
Authors: Jiang Yunxiang , Lau Francis C. M. , Chen Hongbin , Zhao Feng 
Published: February 2015

AbstractEnergy efficiency of relay communications has attracted much interest recently. Most research efforts have focused on half‐duplex systems. As there has been significant progress in practical implementation of self‐interference cancellation, full‐duplex systems will have a promising potential in the near future. In this letter, energy efficiency of a full‐duplex relay system under the total power constraint and fixed circuitry power consumption is studied. An optimisation problem is formulated towards maximising the system energy efficiency. Unfortunately, this problem is non‐trivial and cannot be solved by conventional fractional programming methods, such as the Dinkelbach's method. To resolve this issue, an algorithm called sequential parametric convex approximation‐Dinkelbach is proposed in this letter. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can converge to the global optimum very quickly. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
REVIEWS
Authors: Elkin A. P. 
Published: February 2015

The Journals of Captain James Cook. Edited by J. C. Beaglehole. Vol. I. Pp. i‐cclxxxiv; 1–684. With coloured frontispiece and 45 map and plates. Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society; London 1955. Price, £4 sterling, net.The Journals of Captain Cook. Portfolio of Charts and Views. 58 sheets; many of them folded; all being copies of original charts and views. Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society; London 1955. Price 50/‐sterling, net.
REVIEWS
Authors: Beckett Jeremy 
Published: February 2015

Honour, Family and Patronage. A Study of Institutional and Moral Values in a Greek Mountain Community. By J. K. Campbell. Oxford, 1964. Pp. 393. Price A.82/6.Vasilika. A Village in Modern Greece. By Ernstine Friedl Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York, 1962. Pp. 110. Price A.11/3.
REVIEWS
Authors: Burridge K. O. L. 
Published: February 2015

The Forest of Symbols. By Victor Turner. Cornell University Press, New York, 1967. Pp. i‐xii, 1–393, Photos, diagrams. Price $US15.00.Malay Magic. By Walter William Skeat. Dover Publications, New York, 1967. Pp. 1–580, appendix and photos. Price $US3.00.
REVIEWS
Authors: Jayawardena Chandra 
Published: February 2015

Immigration and Social Change. D. Weintraub & Associates. Israeli Universities Press & Manchester University Press, 1971. 278 pp.; tables, charts, figures, maps, index. Price: Stg.£3.Immigrant Voters in Israel, by S. A. Deshen, Manchester University Press, 1970. xxxi + 239 pp., tables, index. Price: Stg.£3.The Dual Heritage, by M. Shokeid, Manchester University Press, 1971. xxvi + 245 pp., tables, index. Price: Stg.£3.
REVIEW
Authors: Weiner James F. 
Published: February 2015

Fabricated World: An Interpretation of Kewa Tales. By John LeRoy. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. 1985. Pp. xii +319. Price: $36.Kewa Tales. Edited by John LeRoy. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. 1985. xxv + 251. Price: $25.95.
THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF CARD PLAYING AMONG THE DAULO
Authors: Sexton Lorraine 
Published: February 2015

While most Daulo people in Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea gamble at cards, there is disagreement about the acceptability of this activity. Organized opposition to card‐playing comes from two sources that, in other contexts, are at odds with each other: the wok meri (‘women's work‘) movement and the Village Court. Both criticize card‐playing as individualistic, economically unproductive, and unpredictable.Gambling at cards contributes to differences in individual wealth and the Daulo are ambivalent about inequality. While they strongly approve of competition, they believe that it should be harnessed for the good of the group, not just the individual. The tension between these sometimes conflicting values is expressed by the polarity of Daulo people's strong attraction to card games and the organized opposition that gambling elicits from wok meri and the Village Court.
THE FORGOTTEN WOMEN: A HISTORY OF MIGRANT LABOUR AND GENDER RELATIONS IN VANUATU
Authors: Jolly Margaret 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWriting on the labour trade focuses on the question of whether Melanesian labourers recruited to work in Australia and Fiji were kidnapped slaves, or willing volunteers. This debate about victims versus actors tends however to be constructed from the viewpoint of the male recruit. The small minority of Melanesian women who were recruited are typically seen as motivated to go because of love or sexual relations with men, and are sometimes portrayed as ‘prostitutes‘. Through an examination of some primary sources, secondary interpretative histories and the oral history of one region of Vanuatu, this paper queries this image of women in the labour trade. It suggests moreover, that the labour trade must be seen as having dramatic effects on relations between women and men in Vanuatu's villages.
REVIEW
Authors: Clegg John 
Published: February 2015

The Art of Captain Cook's Voyages with a Descriptive Catalogue of All the Known Original Drawings of Peoples, Places, Artefacts and Events and the Original Engravings Associated with Them. By Rüdiger Joppien and Bernard Smith. New Haven: Yale University Press. 1985. Price: A$50.00 per volume.Volume One The Voyage of the Endeavour 1768–1771. Pp. 247 + xv. 330 b/w + 16 colour illustrations.Volume Two The Voyage of the Resolution and Adventure 1772–1775. Pp. 274 + xiii. 252 b/w +62 colour illustrations.
BETRAYAL: THE CASE OF THE NEW GUINEA BARUYA
Authors: Godelier Maurice 
Published: February 2015

This article is situated within the discussion started in 1962 by John Barnes, whose observations on the fluidity of social organization in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea raised the question, what binds together a certain number of individuals belonging to distinct kinship groups? Is it defense of a common territory? Is it participation in initiation rituals which institute a general order between genders and between generations? Or is it, as in the Big‐men societies, participation in cycles of ceremonial exchanges which involve all the local groups of a same region?These questions have been discussed by various authors: De Lepervanche (1967–8), A. Strathern (1968, 1970), and Feil (1981, 1984) to mention just a few.The fabric of Baruya society is generated by two principles: direct exchange of women and an elaborate system of male and female initiations. The Baruya share the same culture and the same language with their neighbours and enemies, but they distinguish and define themselves by claiming a common territory conquered at the expense of local groups and by the fact that their women circulate primarily between kinship groups residing on this territory. However, from time to time these two principles are transgressed by individuals or segments of lineages who betray their kinship or tribal solidarities, generating situations which reshape the internal composition of the Baruya tribe and its relationships with its neighbours. I intend by analysing the mechanisms of these betrayals to throw some light on this key‐moment in the dynamics of New Guinea Highlands societies.
CONTRASTS MARRIAGE AND IDENTITY IN WESTERN FIJI
Authors: Thomas Nicholas 
Published: February 2015

You see how people get married here, how much work it involves. The mats, the drums, the animals, it's murder! If it's a woman, that's all right, you just go and eat. But if you've got a young man, you have to start raising cattle. With you foreigners, it's easy. You have a small party and that's it. It's better that way, here it is just too much.You know how the Indians get married, Niko? The man goes to the woman's father and says, ‘Here's a thousand dollars. How about it?’ He says, ‘That's not much.’ Then the man offers fifteen hundred, he says ‘Ummm.’ Then when the man offers two thousand, he says, ‘All right.’ Different customs, say!
Other messages, other missions; or, Sahlins among the Melanesians
Authors: Mosko Mark S. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTResponding to a number of developing critiques, Sahlins (1991) has recently adapted his ‘structural history’ model to accommodate endogenous change in pre‐colonial conditions. His reformulation, however, critically restricts the model's applicability to mythopraxis of a specific sort, viz. the historical actions of divine heroes in societies structured along Dumontian lines of ‘hierarchy’ as supposedly exemplified in Fiji and Polynesia generally. This article examines certain implications of this new structural history – particularly Sahlins's revision of the ‘structure of the conjuncture’ notion – by analyzing a case of relatively late historical contact and change involving exogenous Europeans as well as Melanesians (i.e. the later phases of the so‐called Yali movements of post‐World War II Papua New Guinea). Here, neither ‘heroic history’ nor ‘hierarchy’ as Sahlins has incorporated them into his new model are evident. What is apparent instead is a dialectical interplay of articulated messages and enacted missions on the part of a complex and shifting multiplicity of both expatriate as well as indigenous constituencies.
Essentialism, Memory and Resistance: Aboriginality and the Politics of Authenticity
Authors: Lattas Andrew 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper is about how the discourses of white intellectuals operating in Aboriginal Studies create a knowledgeable gaze which seeks to police the cultural practices through which Aborigines produce themselves. Aborigines have become the focus of a gaze which analyses, questions, and problematises their resistances and even their identities. Determining the boundaries of Aboriginal authenticity has become the preoccupation of some European intellectuals whose concern with situating the culture of Aborigines is at the expense of acknowledging the positioning power of their own cultural practices. This paper seeks to reverse this knowledge‐power relationship by focusing on discourses operating in Aboriginal Studies and the effects of power created by the custodial pastoral roles which some white intellectuals have taken on.
On Female Presences and Absences in Heavenly Places
Authors: Valeri Valerio 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTJames (Oceania 1991) criticizes some of my interpretive proposals on the political ideology of ancient Tonga, claiming that my emphasis on predominantly male relationships in the titular system reduces ‘Polynesian truths’ to ‘Freudian dogma‘. James sees Tonga as a ‘markedly bilateral’ rather than ‘patrilineal’ society, manifesting symptoms of Malinowski's ‘matrilineal complex’, particularly an incestuous fixation on the sister rather than the mother, correlated with the importance of the brother/sister relationship in social structure, and the alleged transmission of rank through females only.James attempts to find evidence for her claims in the origin myth of the titular system. I show that — contrary to her interpretation — no brother/sister incest can be found in this myth, where, moreover, the female presence is subdued and desexualized. My rejoinder raises issues of general anthropological interest in the realms of symbolism, gender, the analysis of political myth, and of the interrelationship of psychological and cultural processes.
Revisioning the Past, Remembering the Future: Duna Accounts of the World's End
Authors: Haley Nicole 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTTaking as my example, the memories of Duna people at Lake Kopiago, who inhabit the northwestern part of the Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea, I illustrate some of the ways events, and memories of them, have been constructed, manipulated and recast over the last twenty five years. By paying particular attention to a well known originary narrative, I show that space, the revelation of new knowledge via a spirit medium and the reinterpretation and negotiation of the meanings attached to events can result in the production of new memories about the past and the future.
Body, Vision and Movement: in the Footprints of the Ancestors
Authors: Tamisari Franca 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTEthnographic writings on Australian Aboriginal ontology and epistemology have overlooked the phenomenological significance of the body and notions of embodiment in the relationship between people and land. In focusing on the body as a spatio‐temporal ‘hinge’ between people and place, I explore the pervasive images of bodily transformations, directional movement and traces, in the cosmogony, cosmology and life‐world of the Yolngu people of Northeast Arnhem Land. The image of the footprint as a synthesis of living body, vision and movement, perception and intentionality, embodies the dynamic and creative nature pertaining to the fashioning and negotiation of group identity.
Where to Next?: Garden Site Selection in the Papua New Guinea Highlands
Authors: Sillitoe Paul 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThe Wola speakers of the Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea are nominally shifting cultivators. The question asked here is how do they decide, when they periodically abandon gardens, where to establish new ones. The answer is framed in terms of an investigation of knowledge largely in action rather than as discourse. Several factors are postulated as influencing site selection, among them distance to location, ease of enclosing it, site topography (including aspect, slope and altitude), its vegetation cover, and finally social considerations that might inform gardeners' choices. It includes a critique of materialistic assumptions in respect of social status and access to productive resources. It is noteworthy that these decisions are made in a context where there is currently no pressure on arable land resources, the region having large forested reserves. A review of data collected from a sample of gardens in the Wage valley (presented in terms of both numbers of gardens and their areas), suggests that farmers skillfully draw on their experiential knowledge in balancing consideration of various factors, none necessarily predominating in their decision making.
Bringing the Art Inside: a Preliminary Analysis of Black Linear Rock‐art from Limestone Caves in Erromango, Vanuatu
Authors: Wilson Meredith 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTWhile surveying and recording rock‐art on Erromango over two field‐seasons in 1996 and 1997, I had the pleasure of working with Vanuatu Cultural Centre (VCC) fieldworkers Jerry Taki and Sophie Nempan Sei. During this time, both Jerry and Sophie constructed a context of ‘meaning’ for the ‘black linear’ pictures that predominate in the rock‐art of the island. Their ideas were highly influential in determining the direction of my research. Jerry spoke of the association of rock‐art with warfare and women. Sophie identified certain motifs as clan designs, particularly those located in sites close to where she lives, at Happyland village in the south of the island. The aim of this paper is to understand more about the rock‐art of Erromango by combining local knowledge and archaeological techniques of rock‐art analysis. I focus on the black linear rock‐art, describing its temporal placement and context of production. Temporal information is gleaned from patterns of superimposition among particular rock‐art techniques and motif forms, as well as from independent archaeological and ethnographic contexts. It is proposed that black linear rock‐art belongs to the most recent period of rock‐art production on Erromango, likely within the last 400 years. Rock‐art production and use is explored through artistic motifs evident on other items of material culture, including objects which are known, from ethnographic records, to be produced by either women or men. I suggest that black linear motifs were at least in part produced by women, perhaps to register their connection to place during periods of displacement. In accordance with Jerry's statements, ethnographic and archaeological evidence indicates that a salient feature of the island's social landscape over the last 400 years was small and large‐scale intra‐ and inter‐island wars. The black linear rock‐art is interpreted in relation to this unstable social context.
Not Feasting with Friends: the Meaning of Meat in Anganen
Authors: Nihill Michael 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThere are two general ways that meat is deployed in exchange among the Anganen of the Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea. One is communion that forges co‐identification between those eating together. The other is effectively the antithesis of communion. Food is given in formal prestation but explicitly through taboo or as an emergent property of how the exchange takes place; food giver and receiver do not consume meat from the same animal. These emergent properties variously come about through the meat being given raw, undercooked, or in portions far too large for the receiver to consume. My main interest is how these taboo or emergent acts of non‐communion effectively involve non‐food. Certainly part of the meaning of meat is that it will eventually be eaten. However, in the act of exchange because meat cannot be immediately eaten or shared that gives rise to its meaning. Part of this meaning is the degree of what I call politicisation. Acts of non‐communion are politically charged events, be they aggressive or motivated by men seeking prestige. A number of different types of exchange are compared to explore the role of meat in Anganen politics.