bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies in fruit and seed morphology and anatomy in relation to the taxonomy of Telfairia Hooker (Cucurbitaceae)
Authors: Okoli Bosa E. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryScanning electron microscopy and routine morphological and anatomical studies in the fruits and seeds of Telfairia pedata and T. occidentalis have shown that several differences which may be exploited for taxonomic purposes exist between the two species that make up this genus. Significant differences were observed in the gross morphology of fruits and seeds, types and sizes of stomata on the fruits and type and amount of pigmentation in the testa. Variations were also observed in the germination behaviour and seedling characteristics of the two species.
On the probable function and taxonomic value of calcium oxalate crystals in Cucurbitaceae
Authors: Okoli Bosa E. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryPetiolar, ovarian and mature fruit tissues in ten species of Cucurbitaceae were examined for their crystal content using light and polarizing microscopy.Histochemical tests were used to confirm that in nine out of the ten species studied, crystals were present in the calyx. With the exception of the two species of Lagenaria, all other species had crystals in their ovarian tissues, though in varying amounts. The distribution in the petiolar tissues was similar except that Cucurbita moschata and two Lagenaría species showed an absence of crystals. Mature fruits and senescing petioles contained fewer or no crystals compared with young ones. These results and the concentration of crystals mainly in the epidermal and hypodermal regions indicate that the functions of oxalate crystals in these genera include a protective one. The size, location and distribution pattern of crystals may be exploited for taxonomic purposes.
Tyloses of the root wood of Cassia fistula L.
Authors: Ranjani K. , Krishnamurthy K. V. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryIn Cassia fistula, during heartwood formation in root woods, some of the vessels showed the development of tyloses, while others got occluded with phenolic deposits. Some vessels showed both these. The tyloses remained either thin walled or developed secondary wall and looked like brachysclereids in transections. Both these often showed abundant crystals of calcium oxalate. Crystal containing tyloses were recorded here for the first time in Caesalpiniaceae. Although tyloses seemed to developed from ray parenchyma, the development of crystals in tyloses is enigmatic since the ray tissue (so also the axial parenchyma) did not contain crystals.
Taxonomy of the endemic African genus Clappertonia Meisner (Tiliaceae)
Authors: Nyananyo Bio Louis 
Published: August 2024

SummaryClappertonia Meisner (syn. Honckenya Willdenow) is a genus endemic to Africa, and though it is the source of a fibre comparable to jute in many respects, particularly in strength and could be a source for paper pulp, the number of species delimited for it have been problematic. Also, the taxonomy of this genus is lacking in the literature. The generic limits of and a contribution to the taxonomy of this genus is evaluated on the basis of comparative palynology, seed coat ornamentation, and leaf epidermal morphology. A key to the two species, Clappertonia ficifolia (Willdenow) Decainse (syn. C. polyandra (Schumann) Becherer) and C. minor (Baillon) Becherer now recognized for the genus is provided.
Natural settling of arboreal hemianemochores1
Authors: Udra I. F. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe paper deals with a problem of natural dispersal of important representatives of broad‐leaved forests, so‐called hemianemochores (species of genus Acer, Carpinus, Fraxinus, Tilia).We consider, that reliable data on dispersal distance of these species could be obtained by investigation of distribution character of self‐sowing and sprouting around maternal individuals.Presented data demonstrate not large distance of hemianemochore seeds distribution and, consequently, slow rates of their migration. Dessimination of plants of investigated group is realized at the distance of 25 m from the maternal specimen. Arboreal hemianemochores dispersal within the boundaries of 100 m from maternal specimen less probably.According to the data received, the speed of migration of this group species, defined according to the given formular are rather low and comprise approximately 5 m a year.
Preadolescents' executive functions and resilience development: A cascade model of resilience resources and resilient functioning
Authors: Zhou Yanlin , Yu Nancy Xiaonan , Liang Zhanhong , Feng Shanshan , Zhang Qiong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionExecutive functions (EF), encompassing inhibition, updating, and shifting, are widely acknowledged as cognitive factors that promote resilience. However, prior research examining the association between EF and resilience has been hampered by inconsistent conceptualizations of resilience and an overreliance on cross‐sectional designs. We embraced a process‐oriented conceptualization of resilience and employed a longitudinal approach to investigate how EF components interplay with the dynamic processes of resilience resources and resilient functioning.MethodsA total of 144 Chinese preadolescents (aged 10–12, 53.5% male) completed computer‐based EF assessments at baseline and self‐reported their resilience at three intervals during 2019–2020. The resilience evaluations encompassed resilience resources at individual, familial, and social levels, as measured by the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents, and resilient functioning, operationalized as the residuals of socioemotional difficulties after accounting for stressful life events.ResultsThe findings emphasized the dynamic nature of resilience, unveiling a developmental cascade from resilience resources to resilient functioning and back to resilience resources. Furthermore, distinct effects of EF components on resilience development were found. Specifically, inhibition was associated with both concurrent and long‐term resilience resources and functioning, while updating predicted long‐term resilience resources, and shifting predicted long‐term resilient functioning.ConclusionThese results underscored the pivotal role of EF as a cognitive foundation in comprehending the dynamic resilience processes during preadolescence.
From sweat to hope: The role of exercise‐induced extracellular vesicles in cancer prevention and treatment
Authors: Llorente Alicia , Brokāne Agnese , Mlynska Agata , Puurand Marju , Sagini Krizia , Folkmane Signe , Hjorth Marit , Martin‐Gracia Beatriz , Romero Silvana , Skorinkina Diana , Čampa Mārtiņš , Cešeiko Rūdolfs , Romanchikova Nadezhda , Kļaviņa Aija , Käämbre Tuuli , Linē Aija 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe benefits of regular physical exercise on cancer prevention, as well as reducing fatigue, treatment side effects and recurrence, and improving quality of life and overall survival of cancer patients, are increasingly recognised. Initial studies showed that the concentration of extracellular vesicles (EVs) increases during physical activity and that EVs carry biologically active cargo. These EVs are released by blood cells, skeletal muscle and other organs involved in exercise, thus suggesting that EVs may mediate tissue crosstalk during exercise. This possibility triggered a great interest in the study of the roles of EVs in systemic adaptation to exercise and in their potential applications in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, including cancer. This review presents studies exploring the concentration and molecular cargo of EVs released during exercise. Furthermore, we discuss putative stimuli that may trigger EV release from various cell types, the biological functions and the impact of exercise‐induced EVs on cancer development and progression. Understanding the interplay between exercise, EVs, and cancer biology may offer insights into novel therapeutic strategies and preventive measures for cancer.
Effects of a 4‐week free‐sugar avoidance during periodontal therapy: An explorative randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Pappe Christina L. , Peters Beeke , Pivovarova‐Ramich Olga , Schremmer Robert , Adam Aysegül , Vach Kirstin , Dommisch Henrik , Woelber Johan P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the effect of a 4‐week free‐sugar avoidance on periodontal parameters during periodontal therapy.MethodsTwenty‐one patients with untreated periodontitis and daily free‐sugar intake were allocated to a sugar avoidance group (SAG) and a control group (CG). The SAG received a 45‐min dietary consultation and was instructed to avoid free sugars during the following 4 weeks after subgingival instrumentation, while the CG continued with their regular diet. Bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque control record, body weight (BW), visceral fat (FATv), and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were collected at baseline (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and 8 weeks (T3) after subgingival instrumentation.ResultsThe main outcome parameter BOP was significantly reduced at T2 by 40.3% ± 15.54 in the SAG and 34% ± 12.47 in the CG (intra‐p value both <0.001, inter‐p value 0.361). A linear regression analysis of changes at patient level adjusted for age and FATv revealed a significant group difference for BOP (regression coefficient = –6.8; p = 0.019). Significant reductions were observed in BW, FATv and mean daily intake of free sugars (–14.4 g/day), and a significant increase of vitamin C derived from fruits (75.89 mg/day) at T2 in the SAG only.ConclusionThis study may indicate additional beneficial effects of a sugar avoidance on periodontal and metabolic parameters, and nutritional intake during periodontal therapy.German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00026699).Plain Language SummaryThe current widespread free‐sugar consumption is linked to an increasing incidence of chronic non‐communicable diseases. Data indicate a relationship between sugar intake and a higher prevalence of periodontitis and increased gingival inflammation.This study showed that free‐sugar avoidance after periodontal therapy had additional beneficial effects on periodontal and metabolic parameters in 10 test and 11 control patients. After 4 weeks of avoiding free sugars like sweets, processed white flour, juice, and so forth, periodontal bleeding was significantly reduced in both groups (–40.3% test group, –34% control group). Further regression analysis revealed a significant difference between groups favoring the intervention. Additionally, body weight and visceral fat were significantly reduced in the intervention group, only. To avoid sugar, patients were allowed to replace it with whole fruit, which led to increased levels of micronutrients such as vitamin C. Therefore, free‐sugar avoidance may be of therapeutic benefit in addition to periodontal therapy. Further research is needed to investigate this effect in larger cohorts.
Long‐term intraperitoneal access with description of a new access catheter
Authors: Pedro Villarejo Campos , Edward Bruce‐White , Mariano García Arranz , Qian Siyuan , Antonio Pedro , Cascales Campos , Damián García Olmo , Alberto Martínez Albalat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIntraperitoneal chemotherapy can be administered as a single dose associated with hyperthermia (HIPEC) or in successive doses under normothermic conditions, such as early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) or normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (NIPEC or NIPEC‐LT). Repetitive administration of intraperitoneal chemotherapy over a prolonged period may be associated with catheter‐related complications, which are the primary cause of treatment interruption. This study aims to introduce and evaluate an innovative catheter system designed to mitigate these issues.MethodsUsing a porcine experimental model, we tested a new catheter for long‐term intraperitoneal access. Sixteen animals underwent catheter implantation followed by normothermic recirculation of peritoneal dialysis solution. Catheter functionality and any complications were monitored throughout successive treatment cycles.ResultsThe new catheter system demonstrated optimal recirculation and maintained its functionality throughout successive treatments, without complications. Catheter replacement with a guidewire was successful, ensuring continued efficacy.ConclusionsThe innovative catheter system shows promise in reducing complications and improving compliance in successive intraperitoneal chemotherapy doses, justifying further clinical trials to confirm its efficacy in patients.
Plasmon‐Enhanced Fluorescence of NIR‐Emitting CdxHg1‐xTe Quantum Dots by Ag Nanoprisms
Authors: Decker Helena , Metzkow Nadia , Lesnyak Vladimir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR)‐emitting colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) draw a lot of attention due to various fields of their potential application, such as bio‐imaging, photovoltaics, photodetectors, light‐emitting diodes, and optical amplifiers for telecommunication. Since they typically suffer from the partial loss of their fluorescence in a solid state, strategies to increase their quantum yields are of outstanding importance. One of the means to improve it is their coupling with structures exhibiting localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). As demonstrated for the visible range of light, plasmon‐exciton interactions can enhance the photoluminescence (PL) of CdSe and CdTe NCs. In this work, the influence of the electromagnetic field of plasmonic silver NCs on the PL of CdxHg1–xTe NCs in the NIR region with a special emphasis on tuning the distance between these particle species is studied. In a series of samples prepared by a layer‐by‐layer deposition through polyelectrolytes, a 1.4‐fold PL enhancement at a distance of 9–11 nm between the two layers is observed, while at any other separation emission quenching is a dominating effect. These findings corroborate well with theoretical predictions of an emission increase at these specific distances and can be applied to other types of plasmonic and emitting materials.
Exploring the landscape of system dynamics archetypes: A systematic review
Authors: Sánchez Marisa A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSystem dynamic archetypes reflect common problematic behaviours that occur in the real world. The high level of abstraction embodied in these archetypes is both promising and daunting. Identifying relevant archetypes for real‐world problems is not a straightforward task. In this work, we aim to provide a comprehensive background for understanding current knowledge on the application of system archetypes. The methodology is based on a systematic literature review. Most of the works contribute with prescriptive models that address problems in specific areas. These models generally tackle complex problems where social, environmental and political issues converge. The unit of analysis encompasses geographical units, organizations and artefacts. The steps followed in the development are described with different level of detail. Stakeholders' participation is typically integrated into the development process. Some reported problems are that archetypes could induce a hypothesis that does not include all relevant factors; some participants may have difficulty in understanding the models; confidence in results, difficulty of having data to configure all the variables; and the cost burden for small enterprises.
Fazit: Einfluss- und Machtstrukturen der inneren und äußeren Übersetzungsgeschichte
Authors: Mueller Nicole Marion 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie in den Vorkapiteln entwickelten Profile der Texte und der Übersetzenden werden im Schlusskapitel unterschiedlichen Teilgruppen bzw. Generationen zugeordnet, die einen Überblick über die Hauptströmungen der japanischen Tonio Kröger-Retranslation in ihrer historischen Komplexität bieten. Das besondere Augenmerk liegt hierbei auf dem Zusammenhang zwischen Macht, Einfluss und Übersetzen. Anschließend werden die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des digital gestützten Übersetzungsvergleichs noch einmal zusammenfassend reflektiert und Anknüpfungsmöglichkeiten für weiterführende Forschung benannt.
New Ramsey Multiplicity Bounds and Search Heuristics
Authors: Parczyk Olaf , Pokutta Sebastian , Spiegel Christoph , Szabó Tibor 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study two related problems concerning the number of homogeneous subsets of given size in graphs that go back to questions of Erdős. Most notably, we improve the upper bounds on the Ramsey multiplicity of $$K_4$$

K
4

and $$K_5$$

K
5

and settle the minimum number of independent sets of size 4 in graphs with clique number at most 4. Motivated by the elusiveness of the symmetric Ramsey multiplicity problem, we also introduce an off-diagonal variant and obtain tight results when counting monochromatic $$K_4$$

K
4

or $$K_5$$

K
5

in only one of the colors and triangles in the other. The extremal constructions for each problem turn out to be blow-ups of a graph of constant size and were found through search heuristics. They are complemented by lower bounds established using flag algebras, resulting in a fully computer-assisted approach. For some of our theorems we can also derive that the extremal construction is stable in a very strong sense. More broadly, these problems lead us to the study of the region of possible pairs of clique and independent set densities that can be realized as the limit of some sequence of graphs.
Areal differences in the rate of operative care for cancer of the head and neck within one hospital district in Northern Finland
Authors: Molnár Krisztina , Käkilehto Sanni-Mari , Nurkkala Juho , Lahtinen Sanna Liisa , Koivunen Petri , Raatiniemi Lasse , Pohjola Mari , Liisanantti Janne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aim
The relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and cancers of the head and neck has been described previously. The present study investigated areal differences in the rate of operative care of cancers of the head and neck in terms of SES and rural–urban areas.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included operations performed in Northern Finland between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2019. SES and the rurality of the residence was determined using postal codes.

Results
Patients from the low-income areas were older and had higher American Society of Anesthesiologists classification than patients from middle- and high-income areas. The number of operated thyroid and parotid gland tumours was higher in the high-income areas (n = 36 [33.0%] vs n = 21 [18.8%] and n = 330 [28.6%], p = 0.049). Patients living in low- or median-income areas were more likely to live in rural areas than patients living in high-income areas (n = 55 [49.1%] and n = 62 [59.0%] vs n = 44 [40.4%], p = 0.024). The age-weighted rate of operations was higher in low-income areas than in high-income areas (29.3 [23.9–29.3] vs 17.9 [14.5–21.2]), and the age-weighted rate of free-flap surgery was highest in the low-income areas (16.8 [12.4–21.2] vs 8.2 [5.7–10.6] and 9.6 [7.0–12.1] /100,000 inhabitants/year).

Conclusion
There are significant areal differences in the rate of ablative head and neck surgery. Significantly higher rates were found in low-income areas and in rural areas.
Chasing a Phantom Dysfunction: A Position Paper on Current Methods in Exercise Addiction Research
Authors: Szabo Attila 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExercise addiction has been investigated for almost half a decade in well over 1000 published papers. Studies adopt different terminologies like exercise addiction, overexercise, exercise dependence, compulsive exercise, obligatory exercise, and the like to refer to the same concept while creating conceptual confusion and rendering cross-study comparability challenging. The paradox is that fewer than ten research articles cover cases of clinical significance, yielding an extremely high ratio of publications to problematic cases. While there is evidence that significantly more clinically attention-meriting cases might exist, they surface in clinical practice rather than research settings. It is also peculiar that scholars search for a common path or shared etiology for exercise addiction, while each case, like those in substance use disorder, is unique, as also predicted by clinical models. Furthermore, the survey method uses scales yielding risk scores without diagnostic value. Most research in this direction, therefore, seems to be futile. Thus, it is not surprising that more than 10 years ago, the panel editing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) found insufficient evidence for exercise addiction being a mental dysfunction. As a result, exercise addiction has no clinical diagnostic criteria. This position paper aims to identify conceptual and methodological research barriers that hinder progress in this field, ultimately calling for a paradigm shift toward more productive research. In conclusion, the position of this paper is that most currently used research methodologies on exercise addiction are unsatisfactory and, consequently, a paradigm shift is urgently needed.
Generative AI in innovation and marketing processes: A roadmap of research opportunities
Authors: Cillo Paola , Rubera Gaia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNowadays, we are witnessing the exponential growth of Generative AI (GenAI), a group of AI models designed to produce new content. This technology is poised to revolutionize marketing research and practice. Since the marketing literature about GenAI is still in its infancy, we offer a technical overview of how GenAI models are trained and how they produce content. Following this, we construct a roadmap for future research on GenAI in marketing, divided into two main domains. The first domain focuses on how firms can harness the potential of GenAI throughout the innovation process. We begin by discussing how GenAI changes consumer behavior and propose research questions at the consumer level. We then connect these emerging consumer insights with corresponding firm marketing strategies, presenting research questions at the firm level. The second set of research questions examines the likely consequences of using GenAI to analyze: (1) the relationship between market-based assets and firm value, and (2) consumer skills, preferences, and role in marketing processes.
Students’ use of generative artificial intelligence for proving mathematical statements
Authors: Yoon Hyunkyoung , Hwang Jihye , Lee Kyungwon , Roh Kyeong Hah , Kwon Oh Nam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this exploratory study, we investigate undergraduate students’ engagement with generative Artificial Intelligence (genAI) in proving mathematical statements. We selected six mathematical statements to conduct interviews with three students. We present the emergent framework, Students’ Interactive Proving Experience with AI (SIPE-AI), which explains the processes of students’ use of genAI in their proving and the factors influencing these processes. Our findings identify three factors that shape students’ use of genAI: conceptions of proof, conceptions of genAI, and ethical considerations. The results suggest a need to guide undergraduate students in critically engaging with genAI tools, rather than passively accepting their outputs. We also discuss the implications of these findings for enhancing undergraduate mathematics education by fostering informed and critical use of genAI in mathematical proving.