bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a self-stretching exercise programme on post-operative shoulder stiffness: A novel conservative approach
Authors: Cuff Andrew 
Published: July 2015

Background/Aims: Arthroscopic subacromial decompression (ASAD) surgery poses a risk of developing post-operative shoulder stiffness. This has proven to be a significant concern to the patient, surgeon and therapist, despite early mobilisation rehabilitation. The post-operative stiff shoulder is often recalcitrant to conservative treatment. This case report aims to describe a novel conservative treatment option for post-operative shoulder stiffness in a patient following ASAD for subacromial pain. Methods: A 39-year-old male with a stiff shoulder following ASAD for subacromial pain engaged in a self-stretching exercise programme using a novel treatment device, the Rotater, which allows passive stretching of the shoulder into internal and external rotation. Results: The patient demonstrated marked improvement in active range of motion (ROM) in all directions post-intervention, with a concomitant clinically significant improvement demonstrated on the Oxford Shoulder Score (34/48 at baseline; 44/48 post-intervention). Conclusions: The introduction of the Rotater into the patient's rehabilitation resulted in improved rotational ROM, a clinically significant improvement in function of the affected shoulder and the prevention of further operative treatment.
Creating a Woman’s Place: The Bonwit Teller Presidency of Hortense Odlum, 1934 to 1940
Authors: Mamp Michael , Marcketti Sara B. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Dorothy Shaver is documented as the first female President of a major American retail firm and yet Hortense Odlum at Bonwit Teller (1934–1940) preceded her by ten years. Odlum came to position as President of Bonwit Teller when the country was in the throes of the Great Depression. With no work experience and little education, Odlum approached the business from the only perspective she knew, that of a customer who appreciated style, service and practicality. Through examination of Odlum’s autobiography, newspaper and fashion reports, and other primary source material, it becomes clear how Odlum not only improved business, but more than doubled the volume at Bonwit Teller. Some of her strategies included pricing diversification, and the creation of departments for specific target markets including men and women in college. She also established a Consumer’s Advisory Committee to better capture the female voices of shoppers. Odlum’s approach pioneered the creation of a store by a woman for women.
‘When one Dior closes …’: The discourse of designer changeovers at historic fashion houses
Authors: Jones Katie Baker 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The house of Dior is one of the most successful fashion brands in the world. However, after the sudden death of Christian Dior, in 1957 there was a question as to whether the brand could survive without its founder at the helm. The longevity and success of historic fashion houses has been, in many ways, dependent on finding a head designer capable of carrying on both the legacy and the continued financial success of the brand. Since so much emphasis is placed on the identity and credentials of the head designer of a fashion label, the hiring process is frequently a public affair. As gatekeepers to the fashion world, the media keeps interested parties abreast of the proceedings and subsequent results of the hiring process. A study of the news discourse concerning the search for, announcement, and evaluation of new designer appointments at historically established fashion houses was undertaken to explore the framing of these events in the media. Christian Dior was purposefully selected for this study due to its longevity and the level of media interest in the seven different designers that have held the top design position at the storied house. The New York Times was selected as the site of research due to its history of providing readers with coverage of the international fashion scene in both general interest news categories and its dedicated style sections. A critical discourse analysis of 73 articles utilized iterative, comparative and reflective readings of text to reveal both the socially constructed and the socially constructing elements. The study explores the discursive practices employed by the popular fashion press to report, analyse and validate new designer/artistic director appointments at established fashion houses. How the discourse situated these processes within the larger context and history of the house is also discussed.
Circles, Charmed and Magic: Queering Game Studies
Authors: Shaw Adrienne 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Queer game content, players, and creators have been the focus of increasing academic attention over the past ten years. Queer theory, however, offers more to game studies than subject matter. Queer theory allows us to question the underlying assumptions of how games are studied. Moreover, games allow queer theorists to engage with the myriad ways in which subject positions are experienced and normative behaviors are codified. Bringing the two together, this article focuses on the so-called sad, solitary gamer as a key site for queer game studies to interrogate which forms of play are deemed valuable and which lie outside the charmed and magic circle of play.
#INeedDiverseGames: How the Queer Backlash to GamerGate Enables Nonbinary Coalition
Authors: Evans Sarah Beth , Janish Elyse 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
GamerGate, the online hate campaign that violently threatened and harassed prominent feminists in gaming, claimed that feminists were destroying gaming culture through their alleged influence on game journalists and industry professionals. We position GamerGate as an incendiary reaction to the changing (no longer overwhelmingly white, cisgender, heterosexual and male specifically) demographic of game players. We argue that GamerGate supporters operated under a false binary of identity: either one is a true gamer (male, masculine), or one is a feminist woman trying to be a gamer. Yet myriad intersectional identities continue to queer game space, and we propose that the hate campaign #GamerGate is an acknowledgement of and reaction to this queering of game spaces, not just feminist criticism. Tweets using anti-GamerGate hashtags, such as #INeedDiverseGames evidence the many identities that came together in solidarity, resisting GamerGate harassment. To examine the resistive solidarity of anti-GamerGate backlash, we draw upon feminist, queer, social movement, social media, and gaming literatures to cultivate a theory of nonbinary coalition, and argue that this is a tool for agents of change in gaming culture.
Synergistic Effects of Age on Patterns of White and Gray Matter Volume across Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Bray Signe , Krongold Mark , Cooper Cassandra , Lebel Catherine 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe human brain develops with a nonlinear contraction of gray matter across late childhood and adolescence with a concomitant increase in white matter volume. Across the adult population, properties of cortical gray matter covary within networks that may represent organizational units for development and degeneration. Although gray matter covariance may be strongest within structurally connected networks, the relationship to volume changes in white matter remains poorly characterized. In the present study we examined age-related trends in white and gray matter volume using T1-weighted MR images from 360 human participants from the NIH MRI study of Normal Brain Development. Images were processed through a voxel-based morphometry pipeline. Linear effects of age on white and gray matter volume were modeled within four age bins, spanning 4-18 years, each including 90 participants (45 male). White and gray matter age-slope maps were separately entered intok-means clustering to identify regions with similar age-related variability across the four age bins. Four white matter clusters were identified, each with a dominant direction of underlying fibers: anterior–posterior, left–right, and two clusters with superior–inferior directions. Corresponding, spatially proximal, gray matter clusters encompassed largely cerebellar, fronto-insular, posterior, and sensorimotor regions, respectively. Pairs of gray and white matter clusters followed parallel slope trajectories, with white matter changes generally positive from 8 years onward (indicating volume increases) and gray matter negative (decreases). As developmental disorders likely target networks rather than individual regions, characterizing typical coordination of white and gray matter development can provide a normative benchmark for understanding atypical development.
The Transcription Repressor REST in Adult Neurons: Physiology, Pathology, and Diseases
Authors: Baldelli Pietro , Meldolesi Jacopo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractREST [RE1-silencing transcription factor (also called neuron-restrictive silencer factor)] is known to repress thousands of possible target genes, many of which are neuron specific. To date, REST repression has been investigated mostly in stem cells and differentiating neurons. Current evidence demonstrates its importance in adult neurons as well. Low levels of REST, which are acquired during differentiation, govern the expression of specific neuronal phenotypes. REST-dependent genes encode important targets, including transcription factors, transmitter release proteins, voltage-dependent and receptor channels, and signaling proteins. Additional neuronal properties depend on miRNAs expressed reciprocally to REST and on specific splicing factors. In adult neurons, REST levels are not always low. Increases occur during aging in healthy humans. Moreover, extensive evidence demonstrates that prolonged stimulation with various agents induces REST increases, which are associated with the repression of neuron-specific genes with appropriate, intermediate REST binding affinity. Whether neuronal increases in REST are protective or detrimental remains a subject of debate. Examples of CA1 hippocampal neuron protection upon depolarization, and of neurodegeneration upon glutamate treatment and hypoxia have been reported. REST participation in psychiatric and neurological diseases has been shown, especially in Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington’s disease, as well as epilepsy. Distinct, complex roles of the repressor in these different diseases have emerged. In conclusion, REST is certainly very important in a large number of conditions. We suggest that the conflicting results reported for the role of REST in physiology, pathology, and disease depend on its complex, direct, and indirect actions on many gene targets and on the diverse approaches used during the investigations.
Differential pre-mRNA Splicing Alters the Transcript Diversity of Helitrons Between the Maize Inbred Lines
Authors: Lynch Brian T , Patrick Tara L , Moreno Jennifer J , Siebert Amy E , Klusman Katarina M , Shodja Donya N , Hannah L Curtis , Lal Shailesh K 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The propensity to capture and mobilize gene fragments by the highly abundant Helitron family of transposable elements likely impacts the evolution of genes in Zea mays. These elements provide a substrate for natural selection by giving birth to chimeric transcripts by intertwining exons of disparate genes. They also capture flanking exons by read-through transcription. Here, we describe the expression of selected Helitrons in different maize inbred lines. We recently reported that these Helitrons produce multiple isoforms of transcripts in inbred B73 via alternative splicing. Despite sharing high degrees of sequence similarity, the splicing profile of Helitrons differed among various maize inbred lines. The comparison of Helitron sequences identified unique polymorphisms in inbred B73, which potentially give rise to the alternatively spliced sites utilized by transcript isoforms. Some alterations in splicing, however, do not have obvious explanations. These observations not only add another level to the creation of transcript diversity by Helitrons among inbred lines but also provide novel insights into the cis-acting elements governing splice-site selection during pre-mRNA processing.
Chromatin Signature Identifies Monoallelic Gene Expression Across Mammalian Cell Types
Authors: Nag Anwesha , Vigneau Sébastien , Savova Virginia , Zwemer Lillian M , Gimelbrant Alexander A 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Monoallelic expression of autosomal genes (MAE) is a widespread epigenetic phenomenon which is poorly understood, due in part to current limitations of genome-wide approaches for assessing it. Recently, we reported that a specific histone modification signature is strongly associated with MAE and demonstrated that it can serve as a proxy of MAE in human lymphoblastoid cells. Here, we use murine cells to establish that this chromatin signature is conserved between mouse and human and is associated with MAE in multiple cell types. Our analyses reveal extensive conservation in the identity of MAE genes between the two species. By analyzing MAE chromatin signature in a large number of cell and tissue types, we show that it remains consistent during terminal cell differentiation and is predominant among cell-type specific genes, suggesting a link between MAE and specification of cell identity.
PROGRAMAS DE TRANSFERENCIAS CONDICIONADAS Y LA POLITIZACION DE LAS ESTRATEGIAS DE REDUCCIÓN DE LA POBREZA
Authors: Bucheli Juan Fernando 
Published: July 2015

<p>Los programas de transferencias monetarias condicionadas (CCT en inglés), en América Latina, se han caracterizado por emplear un enfoque cerrado de arriba hacia abajo, en donde las coaliciones entre políticos y tecnócratas han terminado por establecer un sistema de incentivos clientelistas como la interacción más conveniente con los beneficiarios de programas sociales. La existencia de este tipo de relaciones ha obligado a los beneficiarios a formar parte de alianzas políticas a largo plazo, a cambio de beneficios económicos. Lo que pareciera ser relación simbiótica para las partes, finalmente podría ser una relación con consecuencias negativas en términos de valores democráticos y un costo de oportunidad financiero para emprender otro tipo de inversiones sociales más eficientes. Entre más exista este tipo intercambio, mayor será la dependencia de este tipo de recursos en la región.</p>
POLÍTICA EXTERNA PARA LA INTEGRACIÓN FRONTERIZA A PARTIR DEL CASO DE LA TRIPLE FRONTERA BRASIL, COLOMBIA Y PERÚ EN LOS GOBIERNOS DE LULA, URIBE Y GARCÍA (2006-2011)
Authors: Londoño Niño Edgar Andrés 
Published: July 2015

<p>En éste artículo, se hace referencia a algunos de los elementos en materia fronteriza de la política exterior de Lula (2006-2011), Uribe (2006-2010) y García (2006-2011), a partir de factores domésticos, lineamientos de la política exterior y relaciones bilaterales con los vecinos alrededor del caso de la Triple Frontera Brasil, Colombia y Perú. El artículo resalta que Brasil en ese periodo dio una mayor atención a la Triple Frontera que sus vecinos, en concordancia con las orientaciones de la política exterior para la región y para Amazonía. Perú, consolidó su interés económico en su parte amazónica sin dar mayor atención a la región fronteriza estudiada.<br />Colombia, se centró en la lucha contra la guerrilla y la defensa de su política de seguridad. Se demuestra cómo la política exterior resulta fundamental para analizar los límites y las posibilidades de procesos de integración<br />fronteriza.</p>
GOBIERNO LOCAL EN LA FRONTERA COLOMBO VENEZOLANA EN MEDIO DEL DISTANCIAMIENTO BINACIONAL
Authors: Jiménez Aguilar Carlos Manuel 
Published: July 2015

<p>La dinámica fronteriza colombo venezolana, en medio de uno de sus logros más significativos como fue la aprobación de la Zona de Integración Fronteriza (ZIF) en el año 2006, experimentó de manera simultanea una parálisis en su implementación y un distanciamiento duradero en sus relaciones binacionales. A través de entrevistas a actores locales públicos y privados de los proyectos y alianzas entre las cámaras de comercio y gremios privados de las ciudades de Cúcuta (Colombia) y Ureña, San Antonio y San Cristóbal (Venezuela), esta investigación identificó una tendencia hacia un modelo de gobernanza local en el departamento Norte de Santander y un modelo de planeación centralista y anti empresa en el estado Táchira. Se encontraron dinámicas de cooperación interinstitucional y gobernanza transfronteriza en torno al sector turístico.</p>
¿PRESIDENTES DESATADOS?: REELECCIÓN PRESIDENCIAL Y CAMBIO INSTITUCIONAL EN EL ÁREA ANDINA
Authors: Acuña Villarraga Fabián Alejandro 
Published: July 2015

<p>El presente artículo analiza la reelección presidencial en los países andinos. El debate se aborda desde la perspectiva de Jon Elster quien interpreta el constitucionalismo como un mecanismo de compromisos previos, en el que se establecen amarres o limitaciones institucionales para evitar que en tiempo futuro el gobernante se extra-limite por el exceso de poder –“cantos de sirena”–. En este sentido se establecen trayectorias que permitieron-restringieron la reelección presidencial en los países del área andina, en las que la influencia del gobernante en ejercicio fue determinante para sus diferentes desenlaces: auto-marre, des-amarre institucional, o amarrar a “otros”.</p>
LA REGIÓN ANDINA EN LA GEOPOLÍTICA DE LOS RECURSOS ESTRATÉGICOS
Authors: Rojas Diana Marcela 
Published: July 2015

<strong><strong></strong></strong><p>En la economía globalizada de principios del siglo XXI, las potencias rivalizan por el acceso y control de los recursos estratégicos a nivel planetario; en virtud de su dotación natural y la orientación de sus actuales políticas económicas, los países andinos juegan en esta disputa un papel significativo. Esta posición de relevancia les ha planteado el doble reto de desarrollar una estrategia de diversificación de sus relaciones económicas con miras a beneficiarse del auge económico actual, por un lado; así como de adquirir un mayor margen de<br />maniobra en el escenario internacional para impulsar otros temas de sus agendas exteriores, del otro. Sin embargo, no existe consenso en torno a la mejor manera de emplear esos recursos en pos del crecimiento y desarrollo económico nacional sostenible y a largo plazo, ni tampoco acerca de cómo aprovechar la coyuntura para mejorar el posicionamiento internacional de la región en su conjunto.</p>
On optimal size in truncated differential attacks
Authors: Courtois Nicolas T. , Mourouzis Theodosis , Grocholewska-Czuryło Anna , Quisquater Jean-Jacques 
Published: July 2015

Differential Cryptanalysis (DC) is one of the oldest known attacks on block ciphers. DC is based on tracking of changes in the differences between two messages as they pass through the consecutive rounds of encryption. However DC remains very poorly understood. In his textbook written in the late 1990s Schneier wrote that against differential cryptanalysis, GOST is “probably stronger than DES”. In fact Knudsen have soon proposed more powerful advanced differential attacks however the potential space of such attacks is truly immense. To this day there is no method which allows to evaluate the security of a cipher against such attacks in a systematic way. Instead, attacks are designed and improved in ad-hoc ways with heuristics [6–13,21]. The best differential attack known has time complexity of 2179 [13].
In this paper we show that for a given block cipher there exists an optimal size for advanced differential properties. This new understanding allows to considerably reduce the space to be searched for “good” truncated differential properties suitable for an attack.
Synthesis and characterization of highly organized crystalline rutile nanoparticles by low-temperature dissolution-reprecipitation process
Authors: Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Bhuiyan Mohammad Tauhidul Islam , Dar Mushtaq Ahmad , Seikh Asiful Hossain , Ali Shar Muhammad , Zaman Mohammed Badruz , Lee Chul Jae , Kim Hee Jin , Lee Mu Sang 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Characterization of microstructure and property evolution in advanced cladding and duct: Materials exposed to high dose and elevated temperature
Authors: Allen Todd R. , Kaoumi Djamel , Wharry Janelle P. , Jiao Zhijie , Topbasi Cem , Kohnert Aaron , Barnard Leland , Certain Alicia , Field Kevin G. , Was Gary S. , Morgan Dane L. , Motta Arthur T. , Wirth Brian D. , Yang Y. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Fast Response Beam Coupling in Dye Doped Liquid Crystal Cells Sandwiched with ZnSe Coated Substrates
Authors: Xue Tingyu , Zhao Hua , Meng Cuiling , Fu Jiayin , Zhang Jingwen 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTIn this paper we present fast response processes in dye doped liquid crystal cell with ZnSe layers on electrodes. Two-wave mixing and grating monitoring experiments were performed to characterize this liquid crystal system. With the help of photoconductive layers, the response time was reduced to a few milliseconds, which improved further the response rate in liquid crystal photorefractive system. A peak in response time versus applied voltage and unexpected oscillations in diffraction efficiency dynamics were observed, which implies unconventionally complex charge dynamics associated with SPPs excited at one of the photoconductive layer/liquid crystal interfaces.
Mechanism of Ca-Ba diffusion in lead-free (Ba,Ca)TiO3 piezoelectrics
Authors: Shu Chang , Reed Daniel , Button Tim 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe reaction mechanism of BaCO3+CaCO3+TiO2 by solid state methods has been studied in this work using thermal analysis (DSC-TG) from 500 to 1500 °C and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) from room temperature to 800 °C. In the mixed powders, the CaO is firstly formed followed by presence of an intermediate Ba2TiO4 phase and finally the formation of CaTiO3, BaTiO3 and/or (Ba,Ca)TiO3, where the presence of CaO or CaTiO3 (CT) has slowed down the formation of BaTiO3 (BT). Raman microscopy of a BT-CT diffusion couple has shown that Ca2+ firstly diffuses into the BT grain boundaries and then into the BT core.
Stoichiometry of GaAs nanodots on GaAs(001)
Authors: Haghizadeh Anahita , Yang Haeyeon 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTWe present a strain-free, self-assembled GaAs nanodots on GaAs(001) surfaces. Nanodots are studied by atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Nanodots self-assemble on the GaAs surface when two laser pulses overlap on the surface interferentially. Their stoichiometry is characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in the electron microscope. For the stoichiometry study, electrons with voltages less than 5 kilovolts were used to produce the characteristic X-rays from dots in order to enhance the surface sensitivity. The stoichiometric analysis indicates that the nanodots’ relative composition ratio of Ga over As reaches to that of GaAs substrate when the dot size becomes smaller than 100 nm. The chemical analysis suggests a novel route of strain-free semiconductor nanodots.