bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining garden therapy and supported employment – a method for preparing women on long‐term sick leave for working life
Authors: Lidén Eva , Alstersjö Karin , Gurné Frida L. , Fransson Sandra , Bergbom Ingegerd 
Published: September 2015

Women are overrepresented among the group people suffering from long‐term illness. In addition to their illness, suffering long‐term sick leave leads to economical restraints as well social distress. There are gaps in our understanding of the challenges these women face. There is also lack of knowledge about how these challenges can be effectively addressed in rehabilitation. This deficiency is problematic from an ethical, justice and a caring perspective. In this study, changes in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) among women on long‐term sick leave were investigated during and after participating in a rehabilitation programme combining two validated methods, Garden Therapy and Supported Employment (SE). The study also discusses difficulties in realising research related to vulnerable under‐privileged people. From a population of 329 women who had reported their interest to participate, 245 were randomised to the programme. Of these 144 accepted participation in the research project and of these 123 women accepted to answer the SF‐36 questionnaire. The participants were between 21 and 62 years with poor physical and mental health. They had received public financial support from <1 year to >10 years. The SF‐36 measurement was carried out at baseline, after completion of Garden Therapy and after completion of SE. The results are based on data of respondents who participated at all the three occasions (n = 52). When comparing HRQoL baseline with the following occasions, the participants' General Health (GH), Vitality (VT), Social Functioning (SF) and mental health had improved significantly. The Four Leaf Clover (FLC) programme could be an appropriate method for reducing socially induced suffering. However, to conduct intervention studies where vulnerable persons are involved, it is off vital importance to consider whether the participants have the strength to complete the intervention.
Parental relationship satisfaction after the death of a child
Authors: Joronen Katja , Kaunonen Marja , Aho Anna Liisa 
Published: September 2015

This study describes Finnish parents' (n = 461) parental relationship satisfaction and examines factors associated with relationship satisfaction after the death of a child in the family. This reported study is part of a broader investigation concerning parents' experiences after the death of a child. Most respondents were very (36%) or quite satisfied (49%) with their current relationship. Lower relationship satisfaction scores were reported by older respondents, people with poorer subjective health and people who had other living children. Causes of death other than stillbirth, need for marriage counselling and moderate or poor marital relationship of the respondents' own parents in childhood were also related to lower relationship satisfaction.
Family caregivers experiences of formal care when caring for persons with dementia through the process of the disease
Authors: Lethin Connie , Hallberg Ingalill Rahm , Karlsson Staffan , Janlöv Ann‐Christin 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundFamily caregivers' experiences of formal care when caring for persons with dementia through the process of the disease is sparsely investigated.AimsTo investigate family caregivers' experiences of formal care when caring for a person with dementia, through the stages of the disease.DesignA qualitative approach with focus group interviews.MethodsFour focus group interviews were conducted in October 2011 with 23 spouses and adult children of persons with dementia and analysed with content analysis.ResultsThe participants' experiences of formal care when caring for a person with dementia were captured in the theme ‘Family caregiving requires collaboration with formal care to get support adjusted to needs specific to the stages of dementia’. This can be broken down into the categories ‘The dementia diagnosis – entry into formal care as a novice family caregiver’, ‘Needing expanded collaboration with formal care to continue care at home’ and ‘Being dependent on a nursing home and trying to maintain involvement’.ConclusionFamily caregiving requires collaboration with formal care to get support adjusted to the individual's needs, specific to the stages of dementia. Caregivers experience a transition process with three main turning points: the dementia diagnosis; when they realise increased need for formal care to continue caring at home; and when the person with dementia is moved into a nursing home. The interviewed caregivers experience formal care reactive to their needs and this often promoted unhealthy transitions. Formal care needs to be proactive and deliver available care and support early on in the dementia trajectory. Interventions should focus on facilitating a healthy transition for family caregivers through the trajectory of the dementia disease to ensure their well‐being.
A Review on the Potential Role of Basement Membrane Laminin in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis
Authors: McFadden J. P. , Kimber I. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe have previously reviewed alterations to basement membrane laminin in psoriasis and how disruption of this layer could lead to at least some of the pathological changes observed. We here postulate that basement membrane laminin is the key antigen in driving psoriasis, inducing a T cell‐mediated autoimmune response. For laminin to be considered as the key autoantigen in psoriasis, it would be reasonable to expect the following to be demonstrable: (1) that autoantigens are present in psoriatic inflammation; (2) that basement membrane laminin is perturbed in involved and uninvolved skin, and that some of the pathological changes associated with psoriasis could be predicted as a sequel to this; (3) that disruption of the basement membrane is among the earliest events in the evolution of psoriatic lesions; (4) that as streptococcal pharyngitis is the most clearly defined event to trigger or exacerbate psoriasis, then a T cell‐mediated autoimmune response to laminin should be anticipated as a potential sequelae to streptococcal pharyngitis; (5) that T cells in psoriasis can be shown to react to peptides with homology to laminin; (6) that HLACw6, as the most closely related gene associated with psoriasis and which is involved in antigen expression, should be preferentially expressed within lesional psoriasis towards the basement membrane, together with other proximal associated immune activity; and (7) that there is some association between antilaminin pemphigoid, a humorally mediated autoimmune disease to skin basement membrane laminin, and psoriasis. We here review the data relevant to each of these requirements.
Enhanced Humoral Responses Induced by Targeting of Antigen to Murine Dendritic Cells
Authors: Pugholm L. H. , Petersen L. R. , Søndergaard E. K. L. , Varming K. , Agger R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are superior in their ability to induce and control adaptive immune responses. These qualities have motivated the hypothesis that targeted delivery of antigen to DCs in vivo may be an effective way of enhancing immunization. Recent results show that antigen targeted to certain DC surface molecules may indeed induce robust immune responses. Targeting of antigen to DCs can be accomplished by the means of monoclonal antibodies. This study compared the humoral responses induced in mice by in vivo targeting of DCs using monoclonal antibodies specific for CD11c, CD36, CD205, Clec6A, Clec7A, Clec9A, Siglec‐H and PDC‐TREM. The results demonstrate that antigen delivery to different targets on DCs in vivo gives rise to humoral responses that differ in strength. Targeting of antigen to CD11c, CD36, CD205, Clec6A, Clec7A and PDC‐TREM induced significantly stronger antibody responses compared to non‐targeted isotype‐matched controls. Targeting of Clec9A and Siglec‐H did not lead to efficient antibody responses, which may be due to unfavourable properties of the targeting antibody, in which case, other antibodies with the same specificity might elicit a different outcome. Anti‐CD11c was additionally used for elucidating the impact of the route of vaccination, and the results showed only minor differences between the antibody responses induced after immunization either s.c., i.v. or i.p. Altogether, these data show that targeting of different surface molecules on DCs result in very different antibody responses and that, even in the absence of adjuvants, strong humoral responses was induced.
Values in Middle Childhood: Social and Genetic Contributions
Authors: Uzefovsky Florina , Döring Anna K. , Knafo‐Noam Ariel 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTheories of value development often identify adolescence as the period for value formation, and cultural and familial factors as the sources for value priorities. However, recent research suggests that value priorities can be observed as early as in middle childhood, and several studies, including one on preadolescents, have suggested a genetic contribution to individual differences in values. In the current study, 174 pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic seven‐year‐old Israeli twins completed the Picture‐based Value Survey for Children (PBVS–C). We replicated basic patterns of relations between value priorities and variables of socialization—gender, religiosity, and socioeconomic status—that have been found in studies with adults. Most important, values of Self‐transcendence, Self‐enhancement, and Conservation, were found to be significantly affected by genetic factors (29 percent, 47 percent, and 31 percent, respectively), as well as non‐shared environment (71 percent, 53 percent, and 69 percent, respectively). Openness to change values, in contrast, were found to be unaffected by genetic factors at this age and were influenced by shared (19 percent) and non‐shared (81 percent) environment. These findings support the recent view that values are formed at earlier ages than had been assumed previously, and they further our understanding of the genetic and environmental factors involved in value formation at young ages.
Classification by causes of dark circles and appropriate evaluation method of dark circles
Authors: Park S. R. , Kim H. J. , Park H. K. , Kim J. Y. , Kim N. S. , Byun K. S. , Moon T. K. , Byun J. W. , Moon J. H. , Choi G. S. 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundDark circles refer to a symptom that present darkness under the eyes. Because of improvement in the quality of life, the dark circles have been recognized as one of major cosmetic concerns. However, it is not easy to classify the dark circles because they have various causes.MethodsTo select suitable instruments and detailed evaluation items, the dark circles were classified according to the causes through visual assessment, Wood's lamp test, and medical history survey for 100 subjects with dark circles. After the classification, were newly recruited for instrument conformity assessment. Through this, suitable instruments for dark circle evaluation were selected. We performed a randomized clinical trial for dark circles, a placebo‐controlled double‐blind study, using effective parameters of the instruments selected from the preliminary test.ResultsDark circles of vascular type (35%) and mixed type (54%), a combination of pigmented and vascular types, were the most common. Twenty four subjects with the mixed type dark circles applied the test product (Vitamin C 3%, Vitamin A 0.1%, Vitamin E 0.5%) and placebo on randomized split‐face for 8 weeks. The effective parameters (L*, a, M.I., E.I., quasi L*, quasi a* and dermal thickness) were measured during the study period. Result showed that the L* value of Chromameter®, Melanin index (M.I.) of Mexameter® and quasi L* value obtained by image analysis improved with statistical significance after applying the test product compared with the placebo product.ConclusionWe classified the dark circles according to the causes of the dark circles and verified the reliability of the parameter obtained by the instrument conformity assessment used in this study through the efficacy evaluation. Also based on this study, we were to suggest newly established methods which can be applied to the evaluation of efficacy of functional cosmetics for dark circles.
Voriconazole‐induced periostitis post transplant: an illustrative review of thoracic computed tomography imaging manifestations
Authors: Rheinboldt M. , Delproposto Z. , Agarwal R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractVoriconazole, first commercially approved in 2002 as a second‐generation antifungal agent, is commonly used in the immunocompromised setting as both a therapeutic and prophylactic agent. Since 2009, scattered case reports and small case series have detailed a secondary drug‐related hyperfluorosis‐induced painful periostitis that can occur in the treated patient population. We present a pictorial review of the thoracic imaging manifestations utilizing 3 illustrative cases in the setting of both solid organ and bone marrow transplantation. Knowledge of the relatively characteristic radiographic appearance and distribution, when coupled with the appropriate clinical context and associated laboratory findings, is important in narrowing an otherwise relatively broad differential diagnosis.
Voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring: results of a prematurely discontinued randomized multicenter trial
Authors: Neofytos D. , Ostrander D. , Shoham S. , Laverdiere M. , Hiemenz J. , Nguyen H. , Clarke W. , Brass L. , Lu N. , Marr K.A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundVoriconazole (VOR) levels are highly variable, with potential implications to both efficacy and safety. We hypothesized that VOR therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) will decrease the incidence of treatment failures and adverse events (AEs).MethodsWe initiated a prospective, randomized, non‐blinded multicenter study to compare clinical outcomes in adult patients randomized to standard dosing (clinician‐driven) vs. TDM (doses adjusted based on levels). VOR trough levels were obtained on day 5, 14, 28, and 42 (or at completion of drug; ± 3 days). Real‐time dose adjustments were made to maintain a range between 1–5 μg/mL on the TDM‐arm, while levels were assessed retrospectively in the standard‐arm. Patient questionnaires were administered to assess subjective AEs.ResultsThe study was discontinued prematurely, after 29 patients were enrolled. Seventeen (58.6%) patients experienced 38 AEs: visual changes (22/38, 57.9%), neurological symptoms (13/38, 34.2%), and liver abnormalities (3/38, 7.9%). VOR was discontinued in 7 (25%) patients because of an AE (4 standard‐arm, 3 TDM‐arm). VOR levels were frequently out of range in the standard‐arm (8 tests >5 μg/mL; 9 tests <1 μg/mL). Three dose changes occurred in the TDM‐arm for VOR levels <1 μg/mL. Levels decreased over time in the standard‐arm, with mean VOR levels lower at end of therapy compared to TDM (1.3 vs. 4.6 μg/mL, P = 0.008).ConclusionsVOR TDM has become widespread clinical practice, based on known variability in drug levels, which impaired accrual in this study. Although comparative conclusions are limited, observations of variability and waning levels over time support TDM.
Recombinant Culicoides obsoletus complex allergens stimulate antigen‐specific T cells of insect bite hypersensitive Shetland ponies in vitro
Authors: Meulenbroeks Chantal , van der Meide Nathalie M.A. , Willemse Ton , Rutten Victor P.M.G. , Tijhaar Edwin 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundPonies may suffer from Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH), an allergic IgE‐mediated pruritic skin disorder, induced by allergens from biting midges of the Culicoides spp.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine whether recombinant Culicoides obsoletus allergens are able to activate T cells of ponies exposed to C. obsoletus and whether these allergen‐specific responses differ between IBH‐affected and healthy ponies.AnimalsTen IBH‐affected Shetland ponies and 10 age‐matched healthy controls taken from the same stables, to ensure similar exposure to midges.MethodPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured with two different pools of recombinant C. obsoletus complex allergens to expand the allergen‐specific T cells. These PBMC cultures were subsequently co‐cultured with mature dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the same antigens. Induction of Th1, Th2 and regulatory T (Treg) cells in these DC/PBMC co‐cultures was assessed by analysis of IFN‐γ, IL‐4, IL‐10 and FoxP3 expression levels using quantitative RT‐PCR and phenotyping by flow cytometry.ResultsRecombinant C. obsoletus allergens increased IFN‐γ mRNA expression levels, percentages of IFN‐γ expressing (Th1) cells and CD25highFoxP3+IL‐10+ Tregs compared to unstimulated DC/PBMC co‐cultures. Stimulation of IL‐4 expressing Th2 cells by the recombinant allergens was far less pronounced. The DC/PBMC co‐cultures did not reveal significant differences between healthy and IBH‐affected ponies for any of the analysed parameters, except for higher IL‐4 mRNA levels in IBH affected ponies after stimulation with one of the two allergen pools.Conclusion and clinical importanceThe recombinant C. obsoletus complex allergens can stimulate antigen‐specific Th1 and IL10 producing Treg cells and are therefore promising candidates for the immunotherapy of IBH.
High risk of adverse events in hospitalised hip fracture patients of 65 years and older: results of a retrospective record review study
Authors: Merten Hanneke , Johannesma Paul C , Lubberding Sanne , Zegers Marieke , Langelaan Maaike , Jukema Gerrolt N , Heetveld Martin J , Wagner Cordula 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesHip fracture patients of 65 years and older are a complex patient group who often suffer from complications and difficult rehabilitation with disappointing results. It is unknown to what extent suboptimal hospital care contributes to these poor outcomes. This study reports on the scale, preventability, causes and prevention strategies of adverse events in patients, aged 65 years and older, admitted to the hospital with a primary diagnosis of hip fracture.Design, setting and outcome measuresA retrospective record review study was conducted of 616 hip fracture patients (≥65 years) admitted to surgical or orthopaedic departments in four Dutch hospitals in 2007. Experienced physician reviewers determined the presence and preventability of adverse events, causes and prevention strategies using a structured review form. The main outcome measures were frequency of adverse events and preventable adverse events in hospitalised hip fracture patients of 65 years and older, and strategies to prevent them in the future.Results114 (19%) of the 616 patients in the study experienced one or more adverse events; 49 of these were preventable. The majority of the adverse events (70%) was related to the surgical procedure and many resulted in an intervention or additional treatment (67%). Human causes contributed to 53% of the adverse events, followed by patient-related factors (39%). Training and close monitoring of quality of care and the health professional's performance were the most often selected strategies to prevent these adverse events in the future.ConclusionsThe high percentage of preventable adverse events found in this study shows that care for older hospitalised hip fracture patients should be improved. More training and quality assurance is required to provide safer care and to reduce the number of preventable adverse events in this vulnerable patient group.
A knee monitoring device and the preferences of patients living with osteoarthritis: a qualitative study
Authors: Papi Enrica , Belsi Athina , McGregor Alison H 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesTo identify perspective of patients with osteoarthritis, in particular design requirements and mode of use, of wearable technology to support the rehabilitation pathway. This study is part of a user-centred design approach adopted to develop a rehabilitation tool for patients with osteoarthritis.DesignQualitative study using a focus group approach; data management via a thematic analysis of patients’ responses.Participants21 patients with osteoarthritis (age range 45–65 years) participated in 1 of the 4 focus groups. Recruitment continued until data saturation.SettingThe study was conducted in a university setting.ResultsMain determinants of user acceptance of a wearable technology were appearance and comfort during use. Patients were supportive of the use of wearable technologies during rehabilitation and could recognise their benefit as monitors for their progress, incentives to adhere to exercise, and tools for more informed interaction with clinicians.ConclusionsThis paper should encourage adoption and development of wearable technology to support rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthritis. It is pivotal that technological development takes into account patients’ views in that it should be small, light, discrete, not ‘appear medical’ or challenge the identity of the user. Derived data should be available to patients and clinicians. Furthermore, wearable technologies should be developed to operate in two modes: for exercise guidance and assessment only, and for unobtrusive everyday monitoring. The information obtained from this study should guide the design of new technologies and support their use in clinical practice.
First-order minisuperspace model for the Faddeev formulation of gravity
Authors: Khatsymovsky V. M. 
Published: September 2015

Faddeev formulation of general relativity (GR) is considered where the metric is composed of ten vector fields or a ten-dimensional tetrad. Upon partial use of the field equations, this theory results in the usual GR. Earlier we have proposed some minisuperspace model for the Faddeev formulation where the tetrad fields are piecewise constant on the polytopes like 4-simplices or, say, cuboids into which [Formula: see text] can be decomposed. Now we study some representation of this (discrete) theory, an analogue of the Cartan–Weyl connection-type form of the Hilbert–Einstein action in the usual continuum GR.
Evaluating Cloud Service Elasticity Behavior
Authors: Copil Georgiana , Truong Hong-Linh , Moldovan Daniel , Dustdar Schahram , Trihinas Demetris , Pallis George , Dikaiakos Marios D. 
Published: September 2015

To optimize the cost and performance of complex cloud services under dynamic requirements, workflows and diverse cloud offerings, we rely on different elasticity control processes. An elasticity control process, when being enforced, produces effects in different parts of the cloud service. These effects normally evolve in time and depend on workload characteristics, and on the actions within the elasticity control process enforced. Therefore, understanding the effects on the behavior of the cloud service is of utter importance for runtime decision-making process, when controlling cloud service elasticity. In this paper, we present a novel methodology and a framework for estimating and evaluating cloud service elasticity behaviors. To estimate the elasticity behavior, we collect information concerning service structure, deployment, service runtime, control processes, and cloud infrastructure. Based on this information, we utilize clustering techniques to identify cloud service elasticity behavior, in time, and for different parts of the service. Knowledge about such behavior is utilized within a cloud service elasticity controller to substantially improve the selection and execution of elasticity control processes. These elasticity behavior estimations are successfully being used by our elasticity controller, in order to improve runtime decision quality. We evaluate our framework with three real-world cloud services in different application domains. Experiments show that we are able to estimate the behavior in 89.5% of the cases. Moreover, we have observed improvements in our elasticity controller, which takes better control decisions, and does not exhibit control oscillations.