bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Master's Level Professional Athletic Training Programs: Program Characteristics, Graduation Requirements, and Outcome Measures
Authors: Ostrowski Jennifer Lynn , Marshall Brent 
Published: June 2015

Context
While currently there are 2 curriculum route options leading to athletic training certification, the future of athletic training education is being heavily debated. While master's-level professional (MLP) athletic training programs account for less than 8% of all accredited programs, these programs have seen tremendous growth in the past decade. Little is known about the characteristics of these MLP programs or the graduates they produce.

Objective
To perform exploratory analysis of MLP program history, cohort characteristics, program and graduation requirements, and outcome measures.

Design
Cross-sectional design involving online survey research.

Patients or Other Participants
Eleven MLP program directors.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Survey data were collected via Formstack.com. Open-ended questions were categorized based on common themes and were coded. Descriptive statistics and correlations were calculated.

Results
Accreditation of MLP programs was pursued for a variety of reasons. Programs admit an average of 13.5 students per year, and, on average, MLPs have 22 students. Ninety-one percent of students are retained into the second year, and 91% of students graduate. Ninety-one percent of MLP programs require either a thesis or structured research project; 45% require a comprehensive examination. The average 3-year aggregate first-time Board of Certification (BOC) examination pass rate was 91.7%. Pass rate was significantly correlated with thesis/structured research requirements. Ninety-three percent of graduates pursue employment using their Athletic Trainer Certified (ATC) credential. Ninety-one percent of program directors believe that MLP programs better prepare students to pass the BOC exam and better prepare them to practice as athletic trainers and believe the undergraduate route to certification should be eliminated.

Conclusions
High retention, graduation, first-time BOC pass rates, and employment using the ATC credential of MLP students make a strong case for MLP programs as the future of athletic training education.
Preferred Learning Styles of Professional Undergraduate and Graduate Athletic Training Students
Authors: Thon Sarah , Hansen Pamela 
Published: June 2015

Context
Recognizing the preferred learning style of professional undergraduate and graduate athletic training students will equip educators to more effectively improve their teaching methods and optimize student learning.

Objective
To determine the preferred learning style of professional undergraduate and graduate athletic training students using Marshall and Merritt's Student Learning Style Questionnaire based on Kolb's theory of experiential learning.

Design
Cross-sectional survey.

Setting
Colleges with Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education accredited professional undergraduate and/or graduate athletic training programs.

Patients or Other Participants
Four hundred twenty-nine students (men = 125, women = 303, not available = 1) from 88 professional undergraduate programs and 69 students (men = 27, women = 42) from 21 professional graduate programs.

Intervention(s)
A 40-item Student Learning Style Questionnaire (LSQ) was administered. Participants chose between words that were characteristic of how they learn. After scoring the LSQ, the learning style preferences were determined. The styles were Diverger, Assimilator, Converger, or Accommodator.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Learning Style Questionnaire survey scores were used to determine the preferred learning style of male and female professional undergraduate athletic training students, male and female professional graduate athletic training students, and any significant differences between learning styles. The χ2 goodness of fit test and χ2 test of independence were used to compare differences between the groups.

Results
A significant difference (P ≤ .0001) was observed between learning styles. The Diverger style was preferred by both professional undergraduate and graduate athletic training students. We found no significant difference in preferred learning style between the undergraduate and graduate student groups or between men and women.

Conclusions
Although undergraduate and graduate athletic training students have a variety of learning styles, the Diverger style of learning, which relies on concrete experience and reflective observation, was preferred in our study. Educators should provide learning opportunities in a variety of ways to reach all preferred learning styles.
Abstracts of the 40th Symposium on Cuniculture, ASESCU Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 28th-29th May, 2015
Authors: Conferences, Congresses, Symposiums... Abstracts, 
Published: June 2015

<p>The 40th Congress of the Spanish Association of Cuniculture (ASESCU) was held in Santiago de Compostela from 28th to 29th May 2015. This is the 40th edition of the conference, held annually without interruption since 1976. Main papers focused on analysing the current rabbit sector situation in the north-western Iberian Peninsula, genetic improvement of meat rabbit and foundation of new lines. The future of meat rabbit production and the rabbit meat production value chain was discussed, with the results of the partnership between the Spanish Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) and the rabbit marketing board (INTERCUN) to support research projects. A round table was also held on coccidiosis in rabbit farms. In addition, a total of 32 communications were presented both in working sessions with oral communications and posters (pathology, nutrition, reproduction, ethology, production and products). The meeting was attended by more than 200 participants, including researchers from Spain, Portugal, Mexico, Ecuador and Egypt, among other countries. Abstracts of the contributions presented are reported below.</p>
Les violences conjugales, familiales et structurelles : vers une perspective intégrative des savoirs
Authors: Lessard Geneviève , Montminy Lyse , Lesieux Élisabeth , Flynn Catherine , Roy Valérie , Gauthier Sonia , Fortin Andrée 
Published: June 2015

La violence conjugale est un problème social grave et persistant ; le tiers des femmes de la planète en a déjà été victime. Cet article vise à discuter des liens empiriques et théoriques entre les violences conjugales, familiales et structurelles. L’article débutera par une brève mise en contexte décrivant comment la violence conjugale s’est construite comme un problème socio-pénal au Québec. Les principales lacunes des connaissances actuelles dans le domaine seront ensuite identifiées, démontrant ainsi la nécessité de mieux comprendre les liens complexes entre les violences conjugales, familiales et structurelles, trois concepts dont les définitions pourraient s’enrichir et se compléter mutuellement. Cet article soulignera l’importance de prendre en considération les réalités diversifiées auxquelles sont confrontés les acteurs concernés par ces violences (femmes, hommes et enfants), en privilégiant une analyse globale qui intègre non seulement les facteurs individuels et interpersonnels, mais aussi les facteurs sociaux et structurels, notamment les oppressions liées au genre ou à d’autres marqueurs de l’identité sociale. La discussion sera enrichie par des modèles théoriques décrivant les différentes dynamiques de violences conjugales et familiales ainsi que par le féminisme intersectionnel, qui s’avère fort utile pour l’analyse des violences structurelles. La conclusion traitera des retombées potentielles d’une analyse des liens entre les violences conjugales, familiales et structurelles sur les politiques sociales et les programmes d’intervention pour les victimes, les agresseurs et les enfants exposés à la violence conjugale.
La compréhension des violences faites aux femmes comme problème public dans un contexte post-dictatorial : étude comparée des cas espagnol et chilien
Authors: Miranda-Pérez Fabiola , Sanz-Gavillon Anne-Claire 
Published: June 2015

Depuis la fin des dictatures, en Espagne et au Chili, une importance croissante a été accordée aux politiques d’égalité, notamment à la faveur de l’action des mouvements féminins et féministes qui ont apporté de nouveaux outils permettant d’analyser la réalité sociale. Dans ce contexte, les violences envers les femmes ont pu être conceptualisées comme un problème public et la lutte contre ce phénomène s’est peu à peu convertie en un des axes principaux de l’action publique en matière d’égalité hommes-femmes. La prise en charge de cette question, par les deux États étudiés, s’est traduite par une série de négociations impliquant les différents acteurs du jeu politique. Il en a résulté l’adoption de deux lois reflétant deux lectures différentes du phénomène qui se sont matérialisées dans les expressions de « violence de genre » (violencia de género) et de « violence intrafamiliale » (violencia intrafamiliale). Dans cet article, nous chercherons à analyser les contextes qui ont influencé la compréhension du problème de la violence envers les femmes en Espagne et au Chili. Nous interrogerons les deux approches qui ont été retenues – soit la violence de genre et la violence intrafamiliale – et la portée de ces choix.
Gouvernance urbaine et décentralisation inframunicipale dans les grandes villes d’Amérique
Authors: Meloche Jean-Philippe 
Published: June 2015

La Ville de Montréal affiche une structure de gouvernance décentralisée comprenant 19 arrondissements dotés de conseils élus et d’une certaine autonomie budgétaire. Cette décentralisation inframunicipale est souvent considérée excessive par les acteurs locaux. Quelques études comparatives existent sur la question, mais concernent surtout des villes européennes. Aucune ne permet de situer le cas de Montréal parmi les grandes villes d’Amérique. À travers une recension de documents officiels, la présente recherche propose un tour d’horizon sur la question pour une trentaine de grandes villes d’Amérique. Les arrangements institutionnels en place dans huit grandes villes comportant des entités inframunicipales y sont approfondis : Montréal, Toronto, New York, Los Angeles, Mexico, Bogotá, São Paulo et Buenos Aires. Il s’agit d’une première tentative de caractériser la décentralisation inframunicipale dans un contexte américain. Au final, on s’aperçoit que Montréal est significativement plus décentralisée que les autres grandes villes, mais que le processus est en développement dans certaines villes d’Amérique latine.
Bruxelles, région de l’innovation : urbanisme et intégration urbaine de l’économie de la connaissance
Authors: Ananian Priscilla 
Published: June 2015

À Bruxelles, sous l’appellation « région de l’innovation », la production d’un nouveau discours, s’écartant des traditions industrielles et de l’économie de services associées à la présence des institutions internationales, a permis de renforcer d’autres réseaux d’acteurs sociaux et économiques. Ce discours a aussi favorisé la planification d’une nouvelle armature urbaine, proposée dans le tout récent projet de Plan régional de développement durable (PRDD), structurée en fonction de quelques axes et pôles de développement, alors que les entreprises des secteurs dits innovants semblent développer des logiques d’intégration urbanistique qui ne sont pas celles de la centralité. Le présent article cherche à mettre en évidence les tensions générées par des processus d’intégration urbanistique des activités de l’économie de la connaissance, issues des discours et des référentiels teintés des théories de l’innovation et de la planification urbaine, afin de mettre en question le rôle de l’urbanisme et de ses agents dans ces processus à Bruxelles.
Smoking Cessation and Risk of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Development
Authors: Kim Seong Rae , Choi Young-Geun , Jo Seong Jin 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceAlthough tobacco smoking is established as a risk factor for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), studies on the effects of smoking cessation on HS are limited, and evidence is lacking.ObjectiveTo examine the association between changes in smoking status and the development of HS.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study enrolled participants from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database who had undergone 2 consecutive biennial health examinations (2004-2005 and 2006-2007) as the primary cohort. Within the primary cohort, the secondary cohort comprised individuals who underwent all biennial health examinations throughout the follow-up period and maintained the same smoking status from 2006 to 2007 to the end of the follow-up period. Data were analyzed from July to December 2023.ExposuresChanges in smoking habit status.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRisk of HS development. The HS risk according to change in smoking status between the 2 consecutive health examinations was estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsOf the 6 230 189 participants enrolled, the mean (SD) age was 47.2 (13.5) years, and 55.6% were male. During 84 457 025 person-years of follow-up, 3761 HS events occurred. In the primary cohort, compared to those who consistently reported active smoking at both checkups (ie, sustained smokers), lower HS risk was seen among those who were confirmed to smoke initially but quit by the second checkup (ie, smoking quitters) (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56-0.83), those who maintained cessation status throughout (AHR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.57-0.77), and those who reported never smoking at either checkup (ie, never smokers) (AHR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.52-0.63). Those who initially quit smoking but resumed by the second checkup and those who had no previous smoking history but started at the second checkup (ie, new smokers) exhibited similar HS risk as sustained smokers. The secondary cohort results aligned with those of the primary cohort, showing a more pronounced risk reduction with smoking cessation (AHR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.39-0.83). Considering time-smoking interaction, the cumulative incidence and the risk of HS in smoking quitters were similar to those in sustained smokers in the early stages of observation. However, 3 to 4 years after smoking cessation, the rate decelerated, resembling that of never smokers, and there was a statistically significant decrease in the risk that persisted (between 3 and 6 years from the index date: AHR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36-0.92; and ≥12 years from the index date: AHR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.50-0.97). New smokers initially paralleled never smokers but accelerated after 2 to 3 years, reaching sustained smokers’ levels.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, quitting smoking and sustaining a smoke-free status were associated with a reduced risk of HS development compared to continuous smoking. In contrast, resuming or initiating smoking may have as detrimental an effect on HS development as continual smoking.
Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibition With Zasocitinib (TAK-279) in Psoriasis
Authors: Armstrong April W. , Gooderham Melinda , Lynde Charles , Maari Catherine , Forman Seth , Green Lawrence , Laquer Vivian , Zhang Xinyan , Franchimont Nathalie , Gangolli Esha A. , Blau Jessamyn , Zhao Yiwei , Zhang Wenwen , Srivastava Bhaskar , Heap Graham , Papp Kim 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceNew, effective, and well-tolerated oral therapies are needed for treating psoriasis. Zasocitinib, a highly selective allosteric tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor, is a potential new oral treatment for this disease.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of zasocitinib in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis phase 2b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose randomized clinical trial was conducted from August 11, 2021, to September 12, 2022, at 47 centers in the US and 8 in Canada. The study included a 12-week treatment period and a 4-week follow-up period. Key eligibility criteria for participants included age 18 to 70 years; a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score of 12 or greater; a Physician’s Global Assessment score of 3 or greater; and a body surface area covered by plaque psoriasis of 10% or greater. Of 287 patients randomized, 259 (90.2%) received at least 1 dose of study treatment.InterventionPatients were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1:1) to receive zasocitinib at 2, 5, 15, or 30 mg or placebo orally, once daily, for 12 weeks.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary efficacy end point was the proportion of patients achieving 75% or greater improvement in PASI score (PASI 75) at week 12. Secondary efficacy end points included PASI 90 and 100 responses. Safety was also assessed.ResultsIn total, 259 patients were randomized and received treatment (mean [SD] age, 47 [13] years; 82 women [32%]). At week 12, PASI 75 was achieved for 9 (18%), 23 (44%), 36 (68%), and 35 (67%) patients receiving zasocitinib at 2, 5, 15, and 30 mg, respectively, and 3 patients (6%) receiving placebo. PASI 90 responses were consistent with PASI 75. PASI 100 demonstrated a dose response at all doses, with 17 patients (33%) achieving PASI 100 with zasocitinib, 30 mg. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred for 23 patients (44%) receiving placebo and 28 (53%) to 31 (62%) patients receiving the 4 different doses of zasocitinib, with no dose dependency and no clinically meaningful longitudinal differences in laboratory parameters.Conclusions and RelevanceThis randomized clinical trial found that potent and selective inhibition of TYK2 with zasocitinib at oral doses of 5 mg or more once daily resulted in greater skin clearance than placebo over 12 weeks.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04999839
High Fresh Frozen Plasma to Red Blood Cell Ratio and Survival Outcomes in Blunt Trauma
Authors: Fujiwara Gaku , Okada Yohei , Ishii Wataru , Echigo Tadashi , Shiomi Naoto , Ohtsuru Shigeru 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceCurrent trauma-care protocols advocate early administration of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) in a ratio close to 1:1 with red blood cells (RBCs) to manage trauma-induced coagulopathy in patients with severe blunt trauma. However, the benefits of a higher FFP to RBC ratio have not yet been established.ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of a high FFP to RBC transfusion ratio in the treatment of severe blunt trauma and explore the nonlinear relationship between the ratio of blood products used and patient outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a multicenter cohort study retrospectively analyzing data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank, including adult patients with severe blunt trauma without severe head injury (Injury Severity Score ≥16 and head Abbreviated Injury Scale &amp;lt;3) between 2019 and 2022.ExposuresPatients were categorized into 2 groups based on the ratio of FFP to RBC: the high-FFP group (ratio &amp;gt;1) and the low-FFP group (ratio ≤1).Main Outcomes and MeasuresAll-cause in-hospital mortality was the primary outcome. Additionally, the occurrence of transfusion-related adverse events was evaluated.ResultsAmong the 1954 patients (median [IQR] age, 61 [41-77] years; 1243 male [63.6%]) analyzed, 976 (49.9%) had a high FFP to RBC ratio. Results from logistic regression, weighted by inverse probability treatment weighting, demonstrated an association between the group with a high-FFP ratio and lower in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.56-0.93) compared with a low-FFP ratio. Nonlinear trends were noted, suggesting a potential ceiling effect on transfusion benefits.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, a high FFP to RBC ratio was associated with favorable survival in patients with severe blunt trauma. These outcomes highlight the importance of revising the current transfusion protocols to incorporate a high FFP to RBC ratio, warranting further research on optimal patient treatment.
Cortical networks of parkinsonian gait: a metabolic and functional connectivity study
Authors: Pellegrini Franziska , Pozzi Nicoló G. , Palmisano Chiara , Marotta Giorgio , Buck Andreas , Haufe Stefan , Isaias Ioannis U. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveLocomotion is an automated voluntary movement sustained by coordinated neural synchronization across a distributed brain network. The cerebral cortex is central for adapting the locomotion pattern to the environment and alterations of cortical network dynamics can lead to gait impairments. Gait problems are a common symptom with a still unclear pathophysiology and represent an unmet therapeutical need in Parkinson's disease. Little is known about the cortical network dynamics of locomotor control in these patients.MethodsWe studied the cortical basis of parkinsonian gait by combining metabolic brain imaging with high‐density EEG recordings and kinematic measurements performed at rest and during unperturbed overground walking.ResultsWe found significant changes in functional connectivity between frontal, sensorimotor, and visuomotor cortical areas during walking as compared to resting. Specifically, hypokinetic gait was associated with poor information flow from the supplementary motor area (SMA) to precuneus and from calcarine to lingual gyrus, as well as high information flow from calcarine to cuneus.InterpretationOur findings support a role for visuomotor integration processes in PD‐related hypokinetic gait and suggest that reinforcing visual information may act as a compensatory strategy to allow SMA‐mediated feedforward locomotor control in PD.
FAM136A as a Diagnostic Biomarker in Esophageal Cancer: Insights into Immune Infiltration, m6A Modification, Alternative Splicing, Cuproptosis, and the ceRNA Network
Authors: Sun Shaowu , Huang Chunyao , Fan Wenbo , Wang Zhulin , Li Kaiyuan , Liu Xu , Wang Zelong , Zhao Tianliang , Zhang Guoqing , Li Xiangnan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFAM136A promotes the progression and metastasis of various tumors. However, there are few studies on the role of FAM136A in esophageal cancer (ESCA). The TCGA, GTEx, and GEO databases are employed to analyze the expression of FAM136A in ESCA, and qPCR and TMA experiments are performed for validation. Enrichment analyzes are performed to investigate the association of FAM136A expression with immune features, m6A modification, alternative splicing, cuproptosis, and the ceRNA network via bioinformatics analysis. FAM136A is highly expressed in ESCA and correlated with lymph node metastasis and overall survival (OS). Bioinformatics analysis suggested that FAM136A may participate in the following processes to promote ESCA development and progression: 1) Promotion of mast cells infiltration to influence the ESCA immune microenvironment, 2) HNRNPC upregulation to regulate m6A modification, 3) ALYREF upregulation to increase the occurrence of retained intron (RI) events, 4) CDK5RAP1 upregulation to achieve inhibition of tumor cell apoptosis, and 5) promotion of ESCA progression through the lncRNA SNHG15/hsa‐miR‐29c‐3p/FAM136A ceRNA network. FAM136A is a potential biomarker for ESCA diagnosis and treatment response evaluation, and the underlying mechanisms may be associated with immune infiltration, m6A modification, alternative splicing, cuproptosis, and the ceRNA regulatory network.