bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Vietnam Initiative on Zoonotic Infections (VIZIONS): A Strategic Approach to Studying Emerging Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
Authors: Rabaa Maia A. , Tue Ngo Tri , Phuc Tran My , Carrique-Mas Juan , Saylors Karen , Cotten Matthew , Bryant Juliet E. , Nghia Ho Dang Trung , Cuong Nguyen Van , Pham Hong Anh , Berto Alessandra , Phat Voong Vinh , Dung Tran Thi Ngoc , Bao Long Hoang , Hoa Ngo Thi , Wertheim Heiman , Nadjm Behzad , Monagin Corina , van Doorn H. Rogier , Rahman Motiur , Tra My Phan Vu , Campbell James I. , Boni Maciej F. , Tam Pham Thi Thanh , van der Hoek Lia , Simmonds Peter , Rambaut Andrew , Toan Tran Khanh , Van Vinh Chau Nguyen , Hien Tran Tinh , Wolfe Nathan , Farrar Jeremy J. , Thwaites Guy , Kellam Paul , Woolhouse Mark E. J. , Baker Stephen 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The effect of newly emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases of zoonotic origin in human populations can be potentially catastrophic, and large-scale investigations of such diseases are highly challenging. The monitoring of emergence events is subject to ascertainment bias, whether at the level of species discovery, emerging disease events, or disease outbreaks in human populations. Disease surveillance is generally performed post hoc, driven by a response to recent events and by the availability of detection and identification technologies. Additionally, the inventory of pathogens that exist in mammalian and other reservoirs is incomplete, and identifying those with the potential to cause disease in humans is rarely possible in advance. A major step in understanding the burden and diversity of zoonotic infections, the local behavioral and demographic risks of infection, and the risk of emergence of these pathogens in human populations is to establish surveillance networks in populations that maintain regular contact with diverse animal populations, and to simultaneously characterize pathogen diversity in human and animal populations. Vietnam has been an epicenter of disease emergence over the last decade, and practices at the human/animal interface may facilitate the likelihood of spillover of zoonotic pathogens into humans. To tackle the scientific issues surrounding the origins and emergence of zoonotic infections in Vietnam, we have established The Vietnam Initiative on Zoonotic Infections (VIZIONS). This countrywide project, in which several international institutions collaborate with Vietnamese organizations, is combining clinical data, epidemiology, high-throughput sequencing, and social sciences to address relevant one-health questions. Here, we describe the primary aims of the project, the infrastructure established to address our scientific questions, and the current status of the project. Our principal objective is to develop an integrated approach to the surveillance of pathogens circulating in both human and animal populations and assess how frequently they are exchanged. This infrastructure will facilitate systematic investigations of pathogen ecology and evolution, enhance understanding of viral cross-species transmission events, and identify relevant risk factors and drivers of zoonotic disease emergence.
A High Linoleic Acid Diet does not Induce Inflammation in Mouse Liver or Adipose Tissue
Authors: Vaughan Roger A. , Garrison Richard L. , Stamatikos Alexis D. , Kang Minsung , Cooper Jamie A. , Paton Chad M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRecently, the pro‐inflammatory effects of linoleic acid (LNA) have been re‐examined. It is now becoming clear that relatively few studies have adequately assessed the effects of LNA, independent of obesity. The purpose of this work was to compare the effects of several fat‐enriched but non‐obesigenic diets on inflammation to provide a more accurate assessment of LNA's ability to induce inflammation. Specifically, 8‐week‐old male C57Bl/6 mice were fed either saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), LNA, or alpha‐linolenic acid enriched diets (50 % Kcal from fat, 22 % wt/wt) for 4 weeks. Chow and high‐fat, hyper‐caloric diets were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Expression of pro‐inflammatory and pro‐coagulant markers from epididymal fat, liver, and plasma were measured along with food intake and body weights. Mice fed the high SFA, MUFA, and high‐fat diets exhibited increased pro‐inflammatory markers in liver and adipose tissue; however, mice fed LNA for four weeks did not display significant changes in pro‐inflammatory or pro‐coagulant markers in epididymal fat, liver, or plasma. The present study demonstrates that LNA alone is insufficient to induce inflammation. Instead, it is more likely that hyper‐caloric diets are responsible for diet‐induced inflammation possibly due to adipose tissue remodeling.
Lactational changes in concentration and distribution of ganglioside molecular species in human breast milk from Chinese mothers
Authors: Ma Lin , Liu Xihong , MacGibbon Alastair K. H. , Rowan Angela , McJarrow Paul , Fong Bertram Y. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGangliosides play a critical role in human brain development and function. Human breast milk (HBM) is an important dietary source of gangliosides for the growing infant. In this study, ganglioside concentrations were measured in the breast milk from a cross‐sectional sample of Chinese mothers over an 8‐month lactation period. The average total ganglioside concentration increased from 13.1 mg/l during the first month to 20.9 mg/l by 8 months of lactation. The average concentration during the typically solely breast‐feeding period of 1‒6 months was 18.9 mg/l. This is the first study to report the relative distribution of the individual ganglioside molecular species through lactation for any population group. The ganglioside molecular species are made up of different fatty acid moieties that influence the physical properties of these gangliosides, and hence affect their function. The GM3 molecular species containing long‐chain acyl fatty acids had the most prominent changes, increasing in both concentration and relative distribution. The equivalent long‐chain acyl fatty acid GD3 molecular species typically decreased in concentration and relative distribution. The lactational trends for both concentration and relative distribution for the very long‐chain acyl fatty acid molecular species were more varied. The major GM3 and GD3 molecular species during lactation were d40:1 and d42:1, respectively. An understanding of ganglioside molecular species distribution in HBM is essential for accurate application of mass spectrometry methods for ganglioside quantification.
New Analytical Evidence of Discontinuous Oxidation in Dried Microencapsulated Lipids
Authors: Morales Arturo , Marmesat Susana , Ruiz‐Méndez Mª Victoria , Márquez‐Ruiz Gloria , Velasco Joaquín 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFormation of hydroperoxy‐, keto‐ and hydroxy‐dienes was studied at 40 °C in fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) microencapsulated in a dairy‐like matrix formed by lactose and sodium caseinate. The FAME were obtained from conventional sunflower oil and the microcapsules were prepared by freeze‐drying of an oil‐in‐water emulsion. For comparative purposes a neat sample of FAME was also tested. Results showed that for a given content of hydroperoxydienes much more elevated amounts of secondary products were detected in the microencapsulated sample compared to the neat sample of FAME. The contents of keto‐ and hydroxy‐dienes found in the microencapsulated FAME ranged as a whole between 6 and 31 wt% of the analyzed compounds, while the neat sample showed values lower than 1.5 %. Along with the fact that relatively higher contents of polymers were also found in the encapsulated sample, these results can be attributed to lipid droplets with very different oxidation states. On the one hand, the extract would be formed from droplets in early stages of oxidation containing hydroperoxides and very low contents of secondary products and, on the other, from droplets in advanced stages with decreased hydroperoxides and substantial contents of secondary products. Unlike the neat sample, hydroxy‐dienes formed with significantly higher amounts than keto‐dienes in the microencapsulated FAME, suggesting a possible chemical role of the encapsulation matrix.
Experts, outsiders or strangers? The self-positioning of highly skilled contractors
Authors: Bryant Melanie , McKeown Tui 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLow and high-skilled contractors are often positioned in an analogous way within the literature drawing attention to the benefits of highly skilled contracting in contrast to the precarious nature of low-skilled contracting. Highly skilled contractors are largely identified within thefree agentview; as self-directed professionals who add significant value to client organisations. However, very little research has focused specifically on how highly skilled contractors identify themselves through the process of positioning. We present the findings of a qualitative study of 34 highly skilled contractors. We found that participants positioned themselves in three specific ways: as expert, outsider and stranger and theorise about why highly skilled contractors construct simultaneous but diverse positions of themselves. In doing so, we argue that developing a more thorough understanding of how highly skilled contractors identify themselves provides valuable insights for those tasked with managing different groups of workers in the one workplace.
Eyelid-parotid metastasis: do we screen for coexisting masses? A case series
Authors: Mukherjee C , Sadiq A , Mehta P , Ahluwalia H 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjective:To report three cases illustrating that it is not unusual for a primary eyelid tumour to metastasise to the parotid gland and vice versa.Case reports:Two patients with malignant parotid tumours underwent radical parotidectomy and presented subsequently with eyelid lesions. Biopsy showed that both eyelid lesions were histologically similar to the primary parotid tumour. A third patient was noted to have ipsilateral upper eyelid and parotid gland tumours. Histology and immunocytochemistry were used to differentiate the primary tumour and the metastasis.Conclusion:These cases illustrate that tumours involving eyelids and parotid glands can present simultaneously or sequentially, and either of these structures could be the focus of primary or metastatic tumour. The important message for oculoplastic and parotid surgeons is to routinely assess both the periocular and parotid area when patients present with a mass in either structure.
A Job Like Any Other? Feminist Responses and Challenges to Domestic Worker Organizing in Edwardian Britain
Authors: Schwartz Laura 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis article focuses on the Domestic Workers’ Union of Great Britain and Ireland (est. 1909–1910), a small, grassroots union organized by young female domestic servants in the years leading up to the First World War. This union emerged against a backdrop of labor unrest as well as an increasingly militant women's movement. The article looks at how the Domestic Workers’ Union drew inspiration from the latter but also encountered hostility from some feminists unhappy with the idea of their own servants becoming organized. I argue that the uneven and ambivalent response of the women's movement toward the question of domestic worker organizing is significant not simply as an expression of the social divisions that undoubtedly characterized this movement, but also as reflecting a wider debate within early twentieth-century British feminism over what constituted useful and valuable work for women. Attitudes toward domestic worker organizing were therefore predicated upon feminists’ interrogation of the very nature of domestic labor. Was it inherently inferior to masculine and/or professional forms of work? Was it intrinsically different from factory work, or could it be reorganized and rationalized to fit within the industrial paradigm? Under what conditions should domestic labor be performed, and, perhaps most importantly, who should do it?
The Dress Strike at Three Finger Brown's: The Complex Realities of Antiracketeering from the Union Perspective in the 1950s
Authors: Witwer David 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn 1958 the International Ladies Garment Workers Union waged a strike in the dress industry. The union's central goal was to curb the growing influence of organized crime, particularly among the factories being set up in Northeastern Pennsylvania. The Garment Workers’ leadership saw the conflict as a pivotal test for their organization. Drawing on newly available source materials, including FBI files and the records of a Senate investigation, this article argues that the union's approach to this strike reflected the complex realities it faced in dealing with corruption in the garment industry. Organized crime played long term and fundamental roles in the New York Garment District and especially in the industry's trucking sector. The union had found itself forced to accommodate aspects of the mob's role in order to build its organization. The 1958 strike was about curbing the mob sector and, in effect, renegotiating the previously made arrangements. It was, the article argues, a kind of real-world anticorruption effort, waged by union members and union leaders at some risk to themselves in mob-dominated towns such as Pittston, Pennsylvania.
Sociodemographic characteristics determine dietary pattern adherence during pregnancy
Authors: de Castro Maria Beatriz Trindade , Freitas Vilela Ana Amélia , Oliveira Alessandra Silva Dias de , Cabral Maria , Souza Rita Adriana Gomes de , Kac Gilberto , Sichieri Rosely 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectiveSociodemographic factors may affect adherence to specific dietary patterns during pregnancy. The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns during pregnancy and associated factors among Brazilian pregnant women.DesignA cross-sectional analysis. Dietary intake was evaluated with a semi-quantitative FFQ during the first postpartum week; the time frame included the second and third gestational trimesters. Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary patterns during pregnancy. Sociodemographic data were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Multiple linear regressions were applied to test the associations between the sociodemographic factors and dietary patterns.SettingMesquita, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2011.SubjectsPostpartum women (n 327) who were 18–45 years of age and Mesquita residents.ResultsThree different dietary patterns were identified: ‘healthy’ (mainly comprising legumes, vegetables and fruits), ‘mixed’ (mainly comprising candy, butter and margarine, and snacks) and ‘traditional’ (mainly comprising beans and rice). Women with a higher monthly per capita family income (β=0·0006; 95 % CI 0·0001, 0·001; P=0·011) and women of older age (β=0·021; 95 % CI −0·001, 0·042; P=0·058) were more likely to adhere to the ‘healthy’ dietary pattern. Women with higher parity were less likely to adhere to the ‘healthy’ pattern (β=−0·097; 95 % CI −0·184, −0·009; P=0·030) and were more likely to adhere to the ‘traditional’ pattern (β=0·098; 95 % CI 0·021, 0·175; P=0·012). Although not statistically significant, older women were less likely to adhere to the ‘mixed’ (β=−0·017; 95 % CI −0·037, 0·003; P=0·075) and ‘traditional’ (β=−0·018; 95 % CI −0·037, 0·001; P=0·061) dietary patterns.ConclusionsMonthly per capita family income, parity and maternal age were factors associated with adherence to a healthy diet during pregnancy.
The foundations of the human cultural niche
Authors: Derex Maxime , Boyd Robert 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTechnological innovations have allowed humans to settle in habitats for which they are poorly suited biologically. However, our understanding of how humans produce complex technologies is limited. We used a computer-based experiment, involving humans and learning bots, to investigate how reasoning abilities, social learning mechanisms and population structure affect the production of virtual artefacts. We found that humans’ reasoning abilities play an important role in the production of innovations, but that groups of individuals are able to produce artefacts that are more complex than any isolated individual can produce during the same amount of time. We show that this group-level ability to produce complex innovations is maximized when social information is easy to acquire and when individuals are organized into large and partially connected populations. These results suggest that the transition to behavioural modernity could have been triggered by a change in ancestral between-group interaction patterns.
Rapid biotic homogenization of marine fish assemblages
Authors: Magurran Anne E. , Dornelas Maria , Moyes Faye , Gotelli Nicholas J. , McGill Brian 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe role human activities play in reshaping biodiversity is increasingly apparent in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the responses of entire marine assemblages are not well-understood, in part, because few monitoring programs incorporate both spatial and temporal replication. Here, we analyse an exceptionally comprehensive 29-year time series of North Atlantic groundfish assemblages monitored over 5° latitude to the west of Scotland. These fish assemblages show no systematic change in species richness through time, but steady change in species composition, leading to an increase in spatial homogenization: the species identity of colder northern localities increasingly resembles that of warmer southern localities. This biotic homogenization mirrors the spatial pattern of unevenly rising ocean temperatures over the same time period suggesting that climate change is primarily responsible for the spatial homogenization we observe. In this and other ecosystems, apparent constancy in species richness may mask major changes in species composition driven by anthropogenic change.
Methylene Blue Inhibits Caspases by Oxidation of the Catalytic Cysteine
Authors: Pakavathkumar Prateep , Sharma Gyanesh , Kaushal Vikas , Foveau Bénédicte , LeBlanc Andrea C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMethylene blue, currently in phase 3 clinical trials against Alzheimer Disease, disaggregates the Tau protein of neurofibrillary tangles by oxidizing specific cysteine residues. Here, we investigated if methylene blue can inhibit caspases via the oxidation of their active site cysteine. Methylene blue and derivatives, azure A and azure B competitively inhibited recombinant Caspase-6 (Casp6) and inhibited Casp6 activity in transfected human colon carcinoma cells and in serum-deprived primary human neuron cultures. Methylene blue also inhibited recombinant Casp1 and Casp3. Furthermore, methylene blue inhibited Casp3 activity in an acute mouse model of liver toxicity. Mass spectrometry confirmed methylene blue and azure B oxidation of the catalytic Cys163 cysteine of Casp6. Together, these results show a novel inhibitory mechanism of caspases via sulfenation of the active site cysteine. These results indicate that methylene blue or its derivatives could (1) have an additional effect against Alzheimer Disease by inhibiting brain caspase activity, (2) be used as a drug to prevent caspase activation in other conditions and (3) predispose chronically treated individuals to cancer via the inhibition of caspases.
Wearable Electronics of Silver-Nanowire/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Nanocomposite for Smart Clothing
Authors: Huang Gui-Wen , Xiao Hong-Mei , Fu Shao-Yun 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWearable electronics used in smart clothing for healthcare monitoring or personalized identification is a new and fast-growing research topic. The challenge is that the electronics has to be simultaneously highly stretchable, mechanically robust and water-washable, which is unreachable for traditional electronics or previously reported stretchable electronics. Herein we report the wearable electronics of sliver nanowire (Ag-NW)/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) nanocomposite which can meet the above multiple requirements. The electronics of Ag-NW/PDMS nanocomposite films is successfully fabricated by an original pre-straining and post-embedding (PSPE) process. The composite film shows a very high conductivity of 1.52 × 104 S cm−1 and an excellent electrical stability with a small resistance fluctuation under a large stretching strain. Meanwhile, it shows a robust adhesion between the Ag-NWs and the PDMS substrate and can be directly machine-washed. These advantages make it a competitive candidate as wearable electronics for smart clothing applications.
Protonated Melamine Sponge for Effective Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Wang Chih-Feng , Huang Hsiang-Ching , Chen Liang-Ting 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this study, we fabricated a superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic protonated melamine sponge for effective separation of water-rich immiscible oil/water mixtures with extremely high separation efficiency. This protonated melamine sponge exhibited excellent antifouling properties and could be used to separate oil/water mixtures continuously for up to 12 h without any increase in the oil content in filtrate. Moreover, our compressed protonated melamine sponge could separate both surfactant-free and -stabilized oil-in-water emulsions with high separation efficiencies. The high performance of this protonated melamine sponge and its efficient, energy- and cost-effective preparation suggest that it has great potential for use in practical applications.
A Casparian strip domain-like gene, CASPL, negatively alters growth and cold tolerance
Authors: Yang Jinghua , Ding Changqing , Xu Baochen , Chen Cuiting , Narsai Reena , Whelan Jim , Hu Zhongyuan , Zhang Mingfang 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA cold-induced transcript encoding a Casparian strip membrane domain (CASP)-like protein (ClCASPL) was identified in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Fluorescence microscopy analysis showed that ClCASPL-GFP is localized in the plasma membrane. The orthologous gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtCASPL4C1) was also found to play an important role in cold tolerance. Expression analysis using a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter reveals that AtCASPL4C1 is widely expressed in a variety of organs and is cold inducible. Analysis of AtCASPL4C1 T-DNA knock-out plants showed altered growth dynamics, faster growth, increased biomass (dry weight) and earlier flowering compared to wild type (Col-0) and ClCASPL overexpressing plants. AtCASPL4C1 knock-out plants showed elevated tolerance to cold stress, while overexpressing CICASPL resulted in increased sensitivity to cold stress in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, AtCASPL4C1 knock-out plants did not display significant alterations in the Casparian strip formation in roots. Thus, the combination of these results suggests a role for CICASPL and AtCASPL4C1 beyond Casparian strip formation in roots, possibly indicating a more fundamental role in vascular tissue.