bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of quorum sensing‐controlled transcriptional regulator MarR and Rieske (2Fe–2S) cluster‐containing protein (Orf5), which are involved in resistance to environmental stresses in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605
Authors: Taguchi Fumiko , Inoue Yuko , Suzuki Tomoko , Inagaki Yoshishige , Yamamoto Mikihiro , Toyoda Kazuhiro , Noutoshi Yoshiteru , Shiraishi Tomonori , Ichinose Yuki 
Published: August 2014

SummaryPseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 (Pta6605) produces acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs), quorum sensing (QS) molecules that are indispensable for virulence in host tobacco infection. Genome‐wide transcriptional profiling of several QS‐defective mutants revealed that the expression of the genes encoding the MarR family transcriptional regulator (MarR) and a Rieske 2Fe–2S cluster‐containing protein (Orf5) located adjacent to psyI, a gene encoding AHL synthetase, are significantly repressed. Exogenous application of AHL recovered the expression of both marR and orf5 genes in the ΔpsyI mutant, indicating that AHL positively regulates the expression of these genes. To investigate the role of these genes in the virulence of Pta6605, ΔmarR and Δorf5 mutants were generated. Both mutants showed decreased swimming and swarming motilities, decreased survival ability under oxidative and nitrosative stresses and, consequently, reduced virulence on host tobacco plants. Transmission electron micrographs showed that the structure of the cell membranes of ΔmarR and Δorf5 mutants was severely damaged. Furthermore, not only the ratio of dead cells, but also the amount of flagella, extracellular DNA and protein released into the culture supernatant, was significantly increased in both mutants, indicating that the disruption of marR and orf5 genes might induce structural changes in the membrane and cell lysis. Because both mutants showed partly similar expression profiles, both gene products might be involved in the same regulatory cascades that are required for QS‐dependent survival under environmentally stressed conditions.
Pre‐treatment of Stegomyia aegypti mosquitoes with a sublethal dose of imidacloprid impairs behavioural avoidance induced by lemon oil and DEET
Authors: THANY S. H. , TONG F. , BLOOMQUIST J. R. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe present study was conducted to determine whether imidacloprid can impair the avoidance behaviour of the mosquito Stegomyia aegypti. Laboratory investigations using a T‐maze apparatus showed that St. aegypti mosquitoes present long term avoidance behaviour when they are exposed to repetitive trials with lemon oil and DEET. The present study tested the effect of a sublethal dose of imidacloprid on the avoidance behaviour of St. aegypti mosquitoes over a 48 h period. Data suggest that 0.5 ng of imidacloprid/mosquito reduces the avoidance behaviour of mosquitoes exposed to lemon oil, on the first day of exposure, after the second trial; whereas imidacloprid affected DEET repellency only the first day of exposure, after the second trial. Imidacloprid was toxic against St. aegypti mosquitoes, and at sublethal doses was able to impair the repellency induced by lemon oil and DEET. The present data were consistent with the finding that St. aegypti mosquitoes exhibit long term avoidance behaviour, and treatment of mosquitoes with a sublethal dose of imidacloprid under DEET application can affect the repellency of DEET against St. aegypti.
Sugar‐feeding behaviour and longevity of European Culicoides biting midges
Authors: KAUFMANN C. , MATHIS A. , VORBURGER C. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract.Most haematophagous insect vectors can also use sugar as an energy source; thus their sugar‐feeding behaviour influences their longevity and blood‐feeding rate and hence their vectorial capacity. Scant information is available on the sugar‐feeding behaviour of Culicoides Latreille biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), which are vectors of bluetongue and Schmallenberg viruses. The longevity of laboratory‐reared Culicoides nubeculosus (Meigen) under fluctuating temperatures (16 and 28 °C) and with access to water or water and blood was on average 6.4 days and 8.9 days, respectively, which was around one third of the lifespan of siblings with access to sugar or sugar and blood (22.2 days and 27.1 days, respectively). Access to honeydew significantly increased the midge's longevity, whereas the provision of extrafloral nectaries had no impact. Females with access to sugar produced a significantly higher number of eggs (65.5 ± 5.2) than their starved sisters (45.4 ± 8.4). More than 80% of field‐caught female Culicoides from the two most abundant European groups, Obsoletus (n = 2243) and Pulicaris (n = 805), were fructose‐positive. Fructose‐positivity was high in all physiological stages and no seasonal variability was noted. The high rate of natural sugar feeding of Culicoides offers opportunities for the development of novel control strategies using toxic sugar baits and for the monitoring of vector‐borne diseases using sugar‐treated FTA (nucleic acid preservation) cards in the field.
Clinical manifestations of hydrocephalus: A review
Authors: Schwamb Richard , Dalpiaz Amanda , Miao Yimei , Gonka Jacquelyn , Khan Sardar Ali 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundNormal Pressure Hydrocephalus is a disease, which results from excess cerebral spinal fluid, it is often misdiagnosed for other degenerative diseases. Symptoms of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus may be reversed with new treatment techniques such as shunting.AimsThe aim of this article is to review the pathophysiology of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus, discuss how to distinguish it from other diseases and discuss treatment options, which show potential for treating Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.MethodsPubMed was used to conduct searches regarding the subject matter of this article.ResultsGait, dementia and urinary incontinence, which are also referred to as Adam's Triad, are typical associated with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. The pathophysiology of these conditions has been outlined in this article. Review articles have been outlined which discuss the potential certain shunt operations have to treat Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.DiscussionThere are several known treatment options that have been successful when treating Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. With the use of shunts to drain excess cerebral spinal fluid, it is possible to improve the patient's symptoms and thus improve their quality of life.ConclusionNormal Pressure Hydrocephalus should be considered when treating elderly patients that show signs of Adam's Triad. There are numerous types of treatment options available that show promise as to relieving some of the symptoms that are associated with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.
Burkitt lymphoma presenting rapid progression from unilateral to bilateral cavernous sinus syndrome as the initial symptom
Authors: Tanaka Yuji , Takagi Yui , Kasahara Senji , Goto Hideko , Takahashi Takeshi , Yamada Tetsuya , Satomi Kazuo 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA 62‐year‐old woman experienced right cavernous sinus syndrome and developed left cavernous sinus syndrome after 2 weeks. Subsequently, the patient developed gingival swelling and biopsy was carried out. The patient was diagnosed as having Burkitt lymphoma with central nervous system and orbital infiltration. Chemotherapy resolved the eye movement disturbance, but the other symptoms persisted. Burkitt lymphomas that initially present with bilateral cavernous sinus syndrome are rare. However, we emphasize that the general clinician should be alerted to identify the possibility of lymphoma if clinical symptoms indicate rapid progression like from unilateral to bilateral cavernous sinus syndrome in 2 weeks.
Implantable Device to Monitor Cardiac Activity with Sternal Wires
Authors: GANAPATHY ANAND , PALMER AARON , BURRER ANGIE , BERSI MATTHEW , GARZA JAVIER , RAZAVI MEHDI 
Published: August 2014

BackgroundSternal wires are used to close the thoracic cavity and facilitate healing after median sternotomy (MS). We invented an implantable device that uses these wires as sensors to monitor cardiac electrical activity and tested its utility in collecting electrocardiography (ECG) data in vivo.MethodsThe wafer‐thin silicone device has grooves with embedded metal contacts that secure the sternal wires and connect them to an ECG sensor. We used radiofrequency telemetry to communicate with the implanted device, which was evaluated in three acute swine studies and one chronic‐survival swine study. The device was implanted via MS in two acute studies and left thoracotomy in the other. In two acute studies, ECG data were collected with the pigs in four different positions for 2 minutes each; in the third study, we induced ischemia and collected ECG data. For the chronic study, we implanted the device via a left thoracotomy and obtained ECG data weekly until euthanasia on day 27. After each study, the sternum and device were removed and examined.ResultsThe ECG tracings showed distinct P, QRS, and T waveforms with minimal positional or temporal variability. Our device captured signal changes during ischemia before the external control did. In the chronic study, necropsy showed appropriate healing, fibrous encapsulation, and no infection or adverse reactions.ConclusionsThese initial results showed that our novel device can use sternal wires as electrodes in vivo to monitor cardiac electrical activity and safely capture physiologic signals after surgical placement.
Fulminant hepatitis linked to dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome requiring urgent living donor liver transplantation: A case report
Authors: Garcia Angelica , Yi Nam‐Joon , Lee Kyoung Bun , Lee Jeong‐Moo , Choi Young Rok , Suh Suk‐Won , You Tae , Lee Kwang‐Woong , Park June Dong , Kang Hyoung Jin , Kim Joon Gon , Kang Eun Kyeong , Hong Geun , Suh Kyung‐Suk 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDapsone is a sulfone‐type drug used widely for different infectious, immune, and hypersensitivity disorders as an antibacterial treatment alone or in combination for leprosy and sometimes for infected skin lesions. DHS is a severe idiosyncratic adverse reaction with multi‐organ involvement. However, acute necrotic hepatitis requiring an emergent LT is rare. Herein, we report a case of 12‐yr‐old girl who suffered from fulminant hepatitis and multi‐organ failure due to DHS for PPD. She was saved by emergent LDLT. A high index of suspicion and rapid diagnosis are necessary not to miss this potentially lethal but rare disease.
The effect of artificial diet on the production of alarm pheromone by Myzus persicae
Authors: van Emden Helmut F. , Dingley Jane , Dewhirst Sarah Y. , Pickett John A. , Woodcock Christine M. , Wadhams Lester J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe cornicle secretion of Myzus persicae reared on artificial diet only elicits an alarm response in plant‐reared conspecifics after the young aphids have been transferred to plants for 7 days. Acetate in the form of 0.32% sodium acetate has been added to the diet as an early step in synthesis of the alarm pheromone, (E)‐β‐farnesene (EBF). The cornicle secretion of diet‐reared aphids then elicits an alarm response. However, there is no difference in internal EBF concentration between plant‐ and diet‐reared aphids. Puncturing aphids, either plant‐ or diet‐reared, with a pin shows that both can elicit an alarm response, whereas it is reduced by half with diet‐reared individuals. Although there is no significant difference in the concentration of EBF produced, the total amount in diet‐reared aphids is increased by acetate in the diet to a level similar to that in plant‐reared individuals: the size of aphids reared on an acetate‐supplemented diet is increased and comparable with the size of those that are plant‐reared. Bioassays with a range of EBF concentrations show a high threshold for the alarm response. It is concluded that the different size of aphids reared on plants and standard diet results in them secreting, respectively, above and below the response threshold.
Anthocyanin synthesis in native and wound periderms of potato
Authors: Fogelman Edna , Tanami Sivan , Ginzberg Idit 
Published: August 2014

Skin color of red potatoes is due to accumulation of anthocyanins in the tuber periderm, a protective tissue that replaces the epidermis at an early stage of tuber development. The periderm consists of external layers of suberized phellem cells making up the skin, and internal layers of parenchyma‐like phelloderm cells. Red pigmentation is an important marketing factor for red‐skinned potatoes. However, injuries to the tuber surface, which are common in the potato industry, result in the development of a wound periderm that is devoid of the characteristic red coloration. To study the reason for these differences in anthocyanin accumulation, the expression level of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes and regulators was monitored in native and wound periderm using microarray analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We found significantly higher expression of the anthocyanin pathway in the phelloderm cells compared with the skin and tuber‐flesh samples. However, in wound periderm, the anthocyanin pathway was strongly downregulated relative to the native periderm. This was true for two developmental stages of the native periderm – ‘immature’, when the skin is prone to skinning injuries, and ‘mature’, following skin set – suggesting that anthocyanin synthesis continues postharvest. Wound‐induced expression of steroidal glycoalkaloid glycosyltransferases, suberin‐related 3‐ketoacyl‐CoA synthase and actin indicated that downregulation of the anthocyanin‐specific pathway does not reflect global repression of the wound‐periderm transcriptome. Loss of pigmentation may result from reduced expression of the Myb–bHLH–WD40 anthocyanin regulatory complex – a possible candidate might be the bHLH transcription factor JAF13.
A comparison of assessments and relationships of stress of conscience, perceptions of conscience, burnout and social support between healthcare personnel working at two different organizations for care of older people
Authors: Åhlin Johan , Ericson‐Lidman Eva , Norberg Astrid , Strandberg Gunilla 
Published: August 2014

AimThe aim of this cross‐sectional, descriptive study was to compare assessments and relationships of stress of conscience, perceptions of conscience, burnout and social support between healthcare personnel (HCP) working in two different organisations for care of older people.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, descriptive comparative study was performed among Registered Nurses and nurse assistants working in two different organisations (n1 = 98, n2 = 488) for residential care of older people. The organisations were chosen to be as different as possible, and data were collected using four different questionnaires. Hierarchical cluster analysis with multiscale bootstrap resampling was used to compare the associations between all items in the questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, 95% confidence intervals, chi‐squared tests, Cohen's d, Cramer's V and the φ coefficient were all used to judge differences between the organisations.ResultsThe associations between stress of conscience, perceiving one's conscience as a burden, and burnout were similar in both organisations. Perceiving one's conscience as far too strict and having a troubled conscience from being unable to live up to one's standards were associated with stress of conscience and burnout in one organisation. Women had higher levels of stress of conscience and reported lower social support from co‐workers compared with men.ConclusionsThis study shows that associations between perceptions of conscience, stress of conscience and burnout are common experiences that are similar among HCP despite great differences in the characteristics of organisations. It can be burdensome for HCP to be unable to realise their ambitions to provide good care, and sex/gender can be an important factor to consider in the development of measures against the negative effects of stress of conscience. More studies are needed about how HCP's ambition to provide good care and sex/gender are related to perceptions of conscience, stress of conscience and burnout.
Frequencies of immune hypersensitivity reaction‐associated HLA class I alleles in healthy South African Indian and mixed ancestry populations determined by a novel real‐time PCR assay
Authors: Loubser S. , Paximadis M. , Gentle N. , Puren A. , Gray C. M. , Tiemessen C. T. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe have determined the frequencies of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐B*57:01, HLA‐B*35:05, HLA‐C*04 and HLA‐C*08 in healthy individuals of South African Indian (SAI) ethnicity (n = 50) and South African mixed (SAM) ancestry (n = 50) using real‐time allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction (AS‐PCR) assay. HLA‐B*57:01 associates with immune hypersensitivity reaction (IHR) in individuals exposed to abacavir (ABC), while nevirapine (NVP) IHR associates with HLA‐B*35:05, HLA‐C*04 and HLA‐C*08. Real‐time AS‐PCR assays typically use less DNA, are more cost‐effective and rapid compared with conventional genotyping methods, such as sequence‐based typing (SBT). The assay was developed using samples of known HLA class I genotype and subsequently applied to the SAI and SAM samples. HLA‐B*57:01 was detected in SAM and SAI populations at frequencies of 8.0% and 12.0%, respectively, while HLA‐B*35:05 was not found in SAI individuals, but was present in 6.0% of SAM individuals. HLA‐C*04 was detected in 22.0% and 24.0% of SAM and SAI individuals, respectively, while 10.0% and 8.0% of SAM and SAI individuals, respectively, were HLA‐C*08 positive. This study reports the development of a novel real‐time AS‐PCR assay to identify HLA class I alleles associated with ABC and NVP IHR and has established the frequencies of these alleles present in healthy SAI and SAM populations. Using South African demographic data, our hypothetical analysis suggests that a substantial number of individuals would benefit from the assay.
Hepatitis B core antibody‐positive donors in cardiac transplantation: a single‐center experience
Authors: Horan J.L. , Stout J.E. , Alexander B.D. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) core antibody (HBcAb)‐positive donors are increasingly utilized in solid organ transplantation. We report a single center's experience in cardiac transplantation with 18 HBcAb‐positive donors. Available follow‐up on recipients of cardiac allografts from HBcAb‐positive donors, including 2 donors with low‐level serum HBV DNA at the time of transplantation, demonstrated no documented donor‐derived HBV transmission.
The Antibacterial Properties of Bayur Tissues’ Extract (Pterospermum subpeltatum C.B. Rob)
Authors: Salempa Pince , Noor Alfian , Harlim Tjodi , Hariani Nunuk , Muharram Muharram , Sudding Sudding 
Published: August 2014

Pterospermum is of plant genus in the Sterculiaceae family, which has never been studied for its secondary metabolite compound. The others species from this genus have long been used in generations of traditional medicine. For example, P. Javanicum has been used to treat dysentery, toothaches and ulcers. From the antibacterial testing carried out on some tissues of Pterospermum subpeltatum by GNA diffusion method, this plant showed antibacterial potential, especially toward Shigella boydii and Staphylococcus aureus.
The Effects of Distance on Velocity Measurement for Different Shapes of Electrostatic Sensor Electrodes
Authors: Heydarianasl Mozhde , Rahmat Mohd Fua’ad 
Published: August 2014

Velocity measurement has significant role in several industries that cope with particles to save power consumption and to improve quality of particles. This paper describes the effect of distance on velocity measurement for different shapes of electrodes for example pin, circular, rectangular, and quarter ring electrode. This distance is referred to separation of electrodes. Electrostatic sensors are suitable to measure the velocity of particles due to their inexpensive, simplicity and robust. These shapes of electrodes are modeled by mathematical equations and analyzed by Mathcad software. In addition, velocity is measured in laboratory by different shapes of electrodes in different distances. Cross correlation method is experimentally used to measure the velocity. Increase the distance between electrodes leads to increase the time lag, but velocity remains constant. The results of modeling electrodes and experimental tests are compared with each other and they verify that these electrodes are more reliable in industries in addition to cost- effectiveness and high efficiency.
Improving the quality of hospital discharge summaries utilising an electronic prompting system
Authors: Maurice Andrew P , Chan Samuel , W Pollard Clifford , Richard A Kidd  , J Ayre Stephen , E Ward Helen , L Walters Darren 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe discharge summary (DS) is a summary of an inpatient admission, patient's health state, and future treatment plans which is delivered to the patient's primary care provider. The DS is often incomplete, inaccurate, or unclear. The aim of this project was to improve the quality of the DS through the use of an electronic prompting system. The electronic prompting system was implemented in the acute medical and surgical wards of the hospital as an adjunct to a pre-existing, widely used hospital program that documents all the patients in a ward or belonging to a particular treating team. When using the program, a doctor enters information (with the assistance of the treating consultant) from a drop-down menu and is prompted to include common, departmental specific diagnoses, co-morbidities, complications, and procedures that were commonly missed or documented incorrectly in the DS.Fifteen DSs were randomly selected from a two month period immediately prior to the intervention period and were rated by an external, experienced general practitioner (GP) using a scoring system consistent with the Australian Medical Association Guidelines for quality DSs. Fifteen random DSs from a two month period, four months post-implementation were also rated by the same GP.The quality of the DS improved in all categories evaluated. The overall quality improved from mean (± SD) 2.86 ± 1.64 to 4.13 ± 0.92 out of 5 (p = 0.031). Additionally the implementation of the system was associated with improvements in documentation of the diagnosis, co-morbidities and other relevant clinical information.In summary, electronic prompting systems can improve the quality of DSs to ensure the information contained within the DS is more accurate and complete.
Learning Discriminating Features for Gender Recognition of Real World Faces
Authors: Ali Haider , Tariq Umair Ullah , Abid Muhammad 
Published: August 2014

The automatic gender recognition of faces has many applications, for example surveillance, targeted advertisement and human computer interaction, etc. Humans have the ability to accurately determine the gender from faces, however, for a machine, it is a difficult task. Many studies have targeted this problem, but most of these studies have used images taken under constrained conditions. In Real-world systems have to process images with wide variations in lighting and pose that makes the classification task very challenging. We have analyzed the gender classification of real world faces. Faces from images are detected, aligned and represented using local binary pattern histograms. Adaptive boosting selects the discriminating features and boosted LBP features are used to train a support vector machine that provides a recognition rate of 95.5%.