bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Roller-Massager Application to the Quadriceps and Knee-Joint Range of Motion and Neuromuscular Efficiency During a Lunge
Authors: Bradbury-Squires David J. , Noftall Jennifer C. , Sullivan Kathleen M. , Behm David G. , Power Kevin E. , Button Duane C. 
Published: November 2014

Context:
Roller massagers are used as a recovery and rehabilitative tool to initiate muscle relaxation and improve range of motion (ROM) and muscular performance. However, research demonstrating such effects is lacking.

Objective:
To determine the effects of applying a roller massager for 20 and 60 seconds on knee-joint ROM and dynamic muscular performance.

Design:
Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting:
University laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Ten recreationally active men (age = 26.6 ± 5.2 years, height = 175.3 ± 4.3 cm, mass = 84.4 ± 8.8 kg).

Intervention(s):
Participants performed 3 randomized experimental conditions separated by 24 to 48 hours. In condition 1 (5 repetitions of 20 seconds) and condition 2 (5 repetitions of 60 seconds), they applied a roller massager to the quadriceps muscles. Condition 3 served as a control condition in which participants sat quietly.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Visual analog pain scale, electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris during roller massage and lunge, and knee-joint ROM.

Results:
We found no differences in pain between the 20-second and 60-second roller-massager conditions. During 60 seconds of roller massage, pain was 13.5% (5.7 ± 0.70) and 20.6% (6.2 ± 0.70) greater at 40 seconds and 60 seconds, respectively, than at 20 seconds (P &lt; .05). During roller massage, VL and biceps femoris root mean square (RMS) EMG was 8% and 7%, respectively, of RMS EMG recorded during maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Knee-joint ROM was 10% and 16% greater in the 20-second and 60-second roller-massager conditions, respectively, than the control condition (P &lt; .05). Finally, average lunge VL RMS EMG decreased as roller-massage time increased (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions:
Roller massage was painful and induced muscle activity, but it increased knee-joint ROM and neuromuscular efficiency during a lunge.
Neurogenic bladder following myelopathies: Has it any correlation with neurological and functional recovery?
Authors: Menon Nitin , Gupta Anupam , Taly Arun B. , Khanna Meeka , Kumar Sushruth Nagesh 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
Objectives: To observe neurogenic bladder pattern in patients with myelopathy by performing urodynamic study (UDS) and to observe whether it has any correlation with functional and neurological recovery. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 90 patients with myelopathy, both traumatic and non-traumatic (males = 65) in a university tertiary research hospital in India between January 2011 and December 2013. Mean age was 33.5 ± 13.2 years (range 15-65 years), mean duration of injury was 82.63 ± 88.3 days (range 14-365 days) and mean length of stay (LOS) in the rehabilitation unit 42.5 ± 23.3 days (range 14-130 days). The urodynamic study was performed in all the patients to assess the neurogenic bladder pattern. Management was based on the UDS findings. Functional recovery was assessed using Barthel index (BI) scores and spinal cord independence measures (SCIM) scores. Neurological recovery was assessed using ASIA impairment scale (AIS). We tried to correlate neurogenic bladder patterns with recovery. Results: Fifty patients (55.6%) had overactive detrusor with 25 each had detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) and synergic sphincter. Thirty-eight patients had hypoactive/acontractile detrusor and two had normal studies. No significant correlation observed between neurogenic bladder pattern and change in BI scores (P = 0.696), SCIM scores (P = 0.135) or change in ASIA status (P = 0.841) in the study. Conclusions: More than half of the patients with myelopathies had overactive detrusor with or without dyssynergic sphincter according to the urodynamic study. Neurogenic bladder patterns had no significant correlation with functional and neurological recovery in these patients.
Correlation between plasma total nitric oxide levels and cerebral vasospasm and clinical outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Indian population
Authors: Ramesh Shruthi Shimoga , Prasanthi Aripirala , Bhat Dhananjaya Ishwar , Devi Bhagavatula Indira , Cristopher Rita , Philip Mariamma 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
Context: Cerebral vasospasm remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide has been associated with the development of cerebral vasospasm after aSAH. Such data is not available in Indian population. Aims: The objective of the study was to measure the plasma total nitric oxide (nitrite and nitrate-NO
x
) level in aSAH patients and healthy controls treated at a tertiary hospital in India and to investigate a possible association between plasma total nitric oxide level and cerebral vasospasm and clinical outcome following treatment in patients with aSAH. Settings and Design: A case-control study of aSAH patients was conducted. Plasma total NO
x
levels were estimated in aSAH patients with and without vasospasm and compared the results with NO
x
levels in healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: aSAH in patients was diagnosed on the basis of clinical and neuro-imaging findings. Plasma total NO
x
levels in different subject groups were determined by Griess assay. Results: Plasma total NO
x
level was found to be significantly decreased in patients with aSAH when compared to controls. Plasma total NO
x
level in the poor-grade SAH group was lower than that in the good-grade SAH group. Plasma total NO
x
level further reduced in patients with angiographic (P < 0.05) and clinical vasospasm. Conclusions: Reduced plasma NO
x
level is seen in aSAH patients as compared to normal individuals. In aSAH patients reduced levels are associated with increased incidence of cerebral vasospasm and poor outcome. Plasma total NO
x
level could be used as a candidate biomarker for predicting vasospasm and outcome for this pathology.
Leprosy elimination: A myth busted
Authors: Yadav Nidhi , Kar Sumit , Madke Bhushan , Dashatwar Digambar , Singh Neha , Prasad Kameshwar , Kesari Vikash 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
Background: Leprosy is mainly a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The disease mainly affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, mucosa of the upper respiratory tract and eyes. Though the target of leprosy elimination was achieved at national level in 2006 even then a large proportion of leprosy cases reported globally still constitute from India. Aim and Objective: To study the clinico-epidemiological profile of new cases of leprosy in a rural tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five newly diagnosed cases of leprosy presented in out-patient/admitted in the department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy (between September 2012 and August 2013) were included in the study. Detailed history regarding leprosy, deformity, sensory loss, skin smear for AFB and histopathological examination were done in every patient. Results: The incidence was more in age group of 20 to 39 years (48.57%) and 40 to 59 years (37.14%). 68.57% were males. 48.57% cases were found to have facial deformity and ear lobe thickening was found to be pre-dominant form of facial deformity. Ulnar (88.87%) and common peroneal nerve (34.28%) were the most commonly involved nerves. The split skin smear examination was found to be positive in 27 out of 35 cases. On histopathological examination 10 patients (28.57%) were of lepromatous pole (LL), 4 (11.43%) were of indeterminate, 6 (17.14%) were of tuberculoid type (TT), 4 BT (11.4%) and 1 BL type (2.8%). Conclusions: This study helps in concluding that leprosy is still not eliminated. Active surveillance is still needed to detect the sub-clinical cases and undiagnosed cases.
Cotard’s syndrome: Two case reports and a brief review of literature
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Aneja Jitender , Mahajan Sonali , Varma Sannidhya 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTCotard’s syndrome is a rare neuropsychiatric condition in which the patient denies existence of one’s own body to the extent of delusions of immortality. One of the consequences of Cotard’s syndrome is self-starvation because of negation of existence of self. Although Cotard’s syndrome has been reported to be associated with various organic conditions and other forms of psychopathology, it is less often reported to be seen in patients with catatonia. In this report we present two cases of Cotard’s syndrome, both of whom had associated self-starvation and nutritional deficiencies and one of whom had associated catatonia.
Penetrating brain injury with machete, stuck to calvarium: Hurdles in imaging and solutions
Authors: Modi Mehul , Arivazhagan A. , Bharath Rose Dawn , Rao Malla Bhaskara 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTPenetrating brain injury is a less common form of traumatic brain injury in civilian set up, with a higher mortality and morbidity. A detailed preoperative imaging is warranted to ascertain the extent of injury and involvement of neurovascular structures. We present a rare case of penetrating brain injury with a long machete, who underwent emergency craniotomy, removal of the weapon, debridement and evacuation of the brain contusion and dural repair. Due to the sheer size of the weapon stuck to the calvarium, only X-rays could be performed preoperatively. The difficulties posed by the case, requiring modifications in standard imaging, possible solutions to address the problem and individualized management techniques are discussed in this report.
Extensive heterotopic ossification in patient with tubercular meningitis
Authors: Sharma Vijai Prakash , Yadav Ganesh , Gupta Anil Kumar , Kumar Dileep 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTTubercular meningitis is a severe form of central nervous system tuberculosis with high morbidity and mortality. Apart from neurological deficits, musculoskeletal involvement is also seen in very few cases in the form of heterotopic ossification around immobile joints. A 35-year-old male case of tubercular meningitis with left hemiparesis presented with multiple joint restriction of range of motion. On clinical examination, palpable firm masses around multiple joints with painful restriction of movements were seen. X-ray films of multiple joints revealed heterotopic ossification over left shoulder, hip and knee joint with bony ankylosis of left hip and soft tissue contractures. Very few reports have been published in the literature for association of heterotopic ossification with tubercular meningitis with such extensive joint involvement which compels us to report this clinical association of tubercular meningitis. This report is intended to create caution among physicians and other caregivers for this debilitating complication of tubercular meningitis and in face of high prevalence of tuberculosis and tubercular meningitis, employ methods to prevent and treat.
Syringomyelia secondary to cervical spondylosis: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Venkata Savitr Sastri Bhagavathula , Arimappamagan Arivazhagan , Lafazanos Spiros , Pruthi Nupur 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTSyringomyelia secondary to cervical spondylosis is a rare entity to encounter in clinical practice. We discuss the case of a 53-year-old lady who presented with a syringomyelic syndrome and was found to have cervical spondylosis on imaging. Cine-MRI revealed an obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in the cervical spinal subarachnoid space. Decompression of the same led to clinical and radiological improvement. There is a potential causal association between cervical spondylosis and syringomyelia. MRI CSF flow studies may help in deciding the course of treatment in such cases. A subset of patients with cervical spondylosis and concurrent spinal cord signal intensity changes may show reversal of the same following intervention.
La Loi sur l’immigration et la protection des réfugiés et la définition internationale de la torture
Authors: LaViolette Nicole 
Published: November 2014

Édictée le 28 juin 2002, la Loi sur l’immigration et la protection des réfugiés, qui renvoie expressément à l’article premier de la Convention contre la torture, a créé une nouvelle catégorie de personne bénéficiant du régime de protection des réfugiés, soit celle des « personnes à protéger », Le présent texte porte sur la façon dont les tribunaux canadiens vont interpréter l’alinéa 97(1)a) de la Loi lorsqu’ils devront déterminer si un demandeur répond à la définition de « personne à protéger » au sens de la Loi.
L’auteure soutient que l’ajout de cet alinéa constitue une mise en oeuvre directe du principe selon lequel une personne ne peut être refoulée dans le cas où elle a établi un risque de torture. Par un bref survol des principes régissant la réception du droit international dans le droit canadien, l’auteure fait valoir l’obligation des tribunaux d’interpréter le mot « torture » conformément à la Convention et selon la définition internationale du terme.
L’auteure tente ensuite de circonscrire la portée de cette définition internationale en fonction des éléments constitutifs de la torture, à savoir la conduite, l’intention et l’objet de la conduite, l’identité de l’auteur de la torture et les exclusions. Pour ce faire, elle invoque l’interprétation que leur ont attribuée les divers instruments, la jurisprudence et les documents externes internationaux pertinents, notamment les travaux du comité contre la torture et ceux du Comité des droits de l’homme, ainsi que la jurisprudence des Cours européenne et interaméricaine des droits de l’homme.
L’auteure concède qu’aucune décision courante n’ait encore porté sur la définition de la torture à l’article premier de la Convention sur la torture. Néanmoins, elle conclut en soulignant l’affaire Bouaouni c. Canada comme un exemple utile de la façon dont les documents juridiques internationaux peuvent façonner l’interprétation de l’alinéa 97(1)a).
Beyond GOCE for the ocean circulation estimate: Synergetic use of altimetry, gravimetry, and in situ data provides new insight into geostrophic and Ekman currents
Authors: Rio M.‐H. , Mulet S. , Picot N. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAccurate estimate of ocean surface currents is both a challenging issue and a growing end‐users requirement. In this paper ocean currents are calculated at two levels (surface and 15 m depth) as the sum of the geostrophic and Ekman components. First, a new, global, ° Mean Dynamic Topography, called the CNES‐CLS13 MDT, has been calculated and is now available for use by the oceanographic community. By exploiting information from surface drifters and Argo floats, the new MDT resolves spatial scales beyond the resolution permitted by the recent Gravity and Ocean Circulation Experiment (GOCE) geoid models (125 km). Associated mean geostrophic speeds in strong currents are increased by 200% on average compared to GOCE‐based mean currents. In addition, for the first time, a two‐level, monthly, empirical Ekman model that samples a spiral‐like behavior is estimated. We show that combining both pieces of information leads to improved ocean currents compared to other existing observed products.
Workplace measurements – recommendations based on practical experience [Air Monitoring Methods, 2014]
Authors: Hebisch Ralph , Ball Michael , Emmel Christoph , Krämer Wilhelm , Maschmeier Claus‐Peter , Nitz Gerda , Riepe Wolfgang 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The article contains sections titled:

Introduction

Objective of workplace measurements

Measurement planning

Preparation for sampling

Sampling procedure

Sampling volume

Generation of a constant flow rate

Determination of the flow rate

Special remarks for rotameter flow meters

Capacity of collection media

Additional information on sampling

Sample transport

Sample storage

Use of direct‐reading measurement devices

Sample preparation

Blank values and stability of standards

Blank values of filters, adsorbents and gas sampling bags

Blank values of solvents and digestion agents

Syringes and positive displacement pipettes

Internal standard

Acceleration of solvent desorption

Analysis

Selection of the analytical method

Cross‐sensitivities

Calibration

Re‐calibration

Control standards

Spiking of collection media

Individual analytical methods

General technical equipment and design

Calculation and interpretation of analytical results
Blei und seine Verbindungen, Addendum (außer Bleiarsenat, Bleichromat und Alkylbleiverbindungen) [BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2003]
Authors: Schaller K. H. , Bolt H. M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractVeröffentlicht in der ReiheBiologische Arbeitsstoff‐Toleranz‐Werte (BAT‐Werte), Expositionsäquivalente für krebserzeugende Arbeitsstoffe (EKA) und Biologische Leitwerte (BLW), 11. Lieferung, Ausgabe 2003Der Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel:Reevaluierung eines BAT‐Wertes für Blei für Frauen unter 45 JahrenBelastung und BeanspruchungHintergrundbelastungenReevaluierung des BAT‐Wertes
One‐Pot Conversion of Amino Acids into 2,5‐Disubstituted Oxazoles: No Metals Needed
Authors: Romero‐Estudillo Ivan , Batchu Venkateswara Rao , Boto Alicia 
Published: November 2014

Abstract2,5‐Disubstituted oxazoles with a variety of alkyl and aryl groups are efficiently formed from N‐acylamino acids, by a one‐pot radical decarboxylation–oxidation–enolization and iodine‐promoted cyclization process. Remarkably, the reaction takes place under mild conditions, and no metal catalysis is needed. The process can be useful for the direct modification of small peptides.magnified image
Work safety climate, personal protection use, and injuries among Latino residential roofers
Authors: Arcury Thomas A. , Summers Phillip , Rushing Julia , Grzywacz Joseph G. , Mora Dana C. , Quandt Sara A. , Lang Wei , Mills Thomas H. 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundThis analysis describes work safety climate, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, and injuries among Latino residential roofers, and examines the associations of work safety climate with PPE use and injuries.MethodsEighty‐nine North Carolina residential roofers completed a baseline interview and daily logs about perceptions and use of PPE, occurrence of injuries in last 12 months, and work safety climate.ResultsThe mean work safety climate score was 26.5 (SD = 5.6). In the baseline interview, participants reported that the majority of employers provided PPE and that they used it most or all of the time; daily log data indicated that PPE was used for half or fewer of hours worked. 39.9% reported any injury in the last 12 months. Work safety climate was significantly correlated with the provision and use of most types of PPE, and was inversely associated with injury.ConclusionsSupervisors promoting safety may increase the PPE use and decrease injuries. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:69–76, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stereoselective Nucleophilic Addition of PhSCF2SiMe3to Chiral Cyclic Nitrones: Asymmetric Synthesis ofgem‐Difluoromethylenated Polyhydroxypyrrolizidines and ‐indolizidines
Authors: Korvorapun Korkit , Soorukram Darunee , Kuhakarn Chutima , Tuchinda Patoomratana , Reutrakul Vichai , Pohmakotr Manat 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFluoride‐catalyzed nucleophilic addition of a difluoro(phenylsulfanyl)methyl group (“PhSCF2”) generated from PhSCF2SiMe3to nitrones was accomplished in satisfactory yields. High diastereoselectivities were observed with chiral polyoxygenated cyclic nitrones to provide the corresponding adducts, which were further manipulated to affordgem‐difluoromethylenated polyhydroxypyrrolizidines and ‐indolizidines.
“Liberation treatment” for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis: the truth will set you free
Authors: Tsivgoulis Georgios , Faissner Simon , Voumvourakis Konstantinos , Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Triantafyllou Nikos , Grigoriadis Nikolaos , Gold Ralf , Krogias Christos 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundChronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has recently been introduced as a chronic state of impaired cerebral or cervical venous drainage that may be causally implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Moreover, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of extracranial veins termed “Liberation treatment” has been proposed (based on nonrandomized data) as an alternative therapy for MS.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify available published, peer‐reviewed, clinical studies evaluating (1) the association of CCSVI with MS, (2) the reproducibility of proposed ultrasound criteria for CCSVI detection (3) the safety and efficacy of “Liberation treatment” in open‐label and randomized‐controlled trial (RCT) settings.ResultsThere is substantial heterogeneity between ultrasound case–control studies investigating the association of CCSVI and MS. The majority of independent investigators failed to reproduce the initially reported high prevalence rates of CCSVI in MS. The prevalence of extracranial venous stenoses evaluated by other neuroimaging modalities (contrast or MR venography) is similarly low in MS patients and healthy individuals. One small RCT failed to document any benefit in MS patients with CCSVI receiving “Liberation treatment”, while an exacerbation of disease activity was observed. “Liberation treatment” has been complicated by serious adverse events (SAEs) in open‐label studies (e.g., stroke, internal jugular vein thrombosis, stent migration, hydrocephalus).ConclusionCCSVI appears to be a poorly reproducible and clinically irrelevant sonographic construct. “Liberation treatment” has no proven efficacy, may exacerbate underlying disease activity and has been complicated with SAEs. “Liberation treatment” should stop being offered to MS patients even in the settings of RCTs.
Global methylation silencing of clustered proto‐cadherin genes in cervical cancer: serving as diagnostic markers comparable to HPV
Authors: Wang Kai‐Hung , Lin Cuei‐Jyuan , Liu Chou‐Jen , Liu Dai‐Wei , Huang Rui‐Lan , Ding Dah‐Ching , Weng Ching‐Feng , Chu Tang‐Yuan 
Published: November 2014

AbstractEpigenetic remodeling of cell adhesion genes is a common phenomenon in cancer invasion. This study aims to investigate global methylation of cell adhesion genes in cervical carcinogenesis and to apply them in early detection of cancer from cervical scraping. Genome‐wide methylation array was performed on an investigation cohort, including 16 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN3) and 20 cervical cancers (CA) versus 12 each of normal, inflammation and CIN1 as controls. Twelve members of clustered proto‐cadherin (PCDH) genes were collectively methylated and silenced, which were validated in cancer cells of the cervix, endometrium, liver, head and neck, breast, and lung. In an independent cohort including 107 controls, 66 CIN1, 85 CIN2/3, and 38 CA, methylated PCDHA4 and PCDHA13 were detected in 2.8%, 24.2%, 52.9%, and 84.2% (P < 10−25), and 2.8%, 24.2%, 50.6%, and 94.7% (P < 10−29), respectively. In diagnosis of CIN2 or more severe lesion of the cervix, a combination test of methylated PCDHA4 or PCDHA13 from cervical scraping had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 74.8%, 80.3%, 73%, and 81.8%, respectively. Testing of this combination from cervical scraping is equally sensitive but more specific than human papillomavirus (HPV) test in diagnosis of CIN2 or more severe lesions. The study disclosed a collective methylation of PCDH genes in cancer of cervix and other sites. At least two of them can be promising diagnostic markers for cervical cancer noninferior to HPV.