bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of forest age and season on soil microbial communities in Chinese fir plantations
Authors: Hu Yuxin , Zhang Xiongqing , Chen Hanyue , Jiang Yihang , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Understanding changes in the distribution patterns and diversity of soil microbial communities from the perspectives of age-related changes, seasonal variations, and the interaction between the two factors can facilitate the management of plantations. In Chinese fir plantations, we collected soils from different depths in over-mature forests, mature forests, near-mature forests, middle-aged forests, and young forests in summer, autumn, and winter in China’s subtropical regions. As the forests developed, bacterial and fungal communities’ diversity changed, reached a minimum value at near-mature forests, and then increased in mature forests or over-mature forests. Near-mature forests had the lowest topological properties. The Shannon index of microbial communities varied with seasonal changes (
P
< 0.05). Bacterial and fungal community composition at genus level was more closely related to temperature indicators (including daily average temperature, daily maximum temperature, and daily minimum temperature) (
P
< 0.01, 0.5554 <
R
2
<0.8185) than daily average precipitation (
P
> 0.05, 0.0321 <
R
2
<0.6773). Bacteria were clustered by season and fungi were clustered by forest age. We suggested that extending the tree cultivation time of plantations could promote microbial community recovery. In addition, we found some species worthy of attention, including Bacteroidetes in autumn in over-mature forests, and Firmicutes in summer in young forests.

IMPORTANCE

Chinese fir [
Cunninghamia lanceolata
(Lamb.) Hook] is an important fast-growing species with the largest artificial forest area in China, with the outstanding problems of low quality in soil. Soil microorganisms play a crucial role in soil fertility by decomposing organic matter, optimizing soil structure, and releasing essential nutrients for plant growth. In order to maintain healthy soil quality and prevent nutrient depletion and land degradation, it is crucial to understand the changes of soil microbial composition and diversity. Our study determined to reveal the change of soil microbial community from stand age, season, and the interaction between the two aspects, which is helpful to understand how interannual changes in different years and seasonal changes in one year affect soil fertility restoration and sustainable forest plantation management. It is a meaningful exploration of soil microbial communities and provides new information for further research.
F8variants and their genotype-phenotype correlations in Thai patients with haemophilia A: a nationwide multicentre study
Authors: Trirut Chayanit , Sosothikul Darintr , Ittiwut Rungnapa , Ittiwut Chupong , Pongsewalak Sureeporn , Songthawee Natsaruth , Natesirinilkul Rungrote , Banjerdlak Pallapa , Na Songkhla Pokpong , Komvilaisak Patcharee , Moonla Chatphatai , Suphapeetiporn Kanya 
Published: July 2024

AimsAnalysis of theF8gene helps predict the risk of developing factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors and the depth of phenotype in haemophilia A (HA) patients. Since data in Southeast Asian countries remain scarce, we aim to studyF8variation correlated with HA phenotypes in Thailand.MethodsThai patients with HA were enrolled from seven haemophilia treatment centres during 2022–2023. Using peripheral blood DNA, inverse shifting-polymerase chain reaction (IS-PCR) forF8-intron 22 inversion (Inv22) andF8-intron 1 inversion (Inv1) was performed. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was explored in cases without Inv22/Inv1.ResultsOf 124 patients with HA, 91.9% were detected with a causativeF8variant, including Inv22 (30.6%), Inv1 (1.6%), missense (23.4%), nonsense (16.9%) and small insertion/deletion (16.1%) mutations. Inv22, small insertion/deletion and nonsense were associated with severe HA, compared with missense variants, by the ORs of 13.9 (95% CI, 4.2 to 56.7), 14.7 (95% CI, 3.4 to 104.7) and 15.6 (95% CI, 3.6 to 110.2), respectively. While nonsense variants affecting the light chain increased the risk of developing FVIII inhibitors (OR, 6.8; 95% CI, 1.5 to 32.6) compared with the low-risk (small insertion/deletion, missense and splice-site) variants. Twelve patients (9.7%) harboured novelF8variants, comprising five missense (p.Pro540Leu, p.Ser564Pro, p.Leu668Pro, p.Ala1721Glu, p.His2024Pro), five small insertion/deletion (p.Val502SerfsTer13, p.Ile522PhefsTer13, p.Phe992LysfsTer11, p.Leu1223PhefsTer18, c.6427_6429+3delATGGTA) and one nonsense mutations (p.Glu1292Ter).ConclusionsIS-PCR followed by WES successfully assessesF8alterations in most HA cases. With several unique variants, severe HA in Thailand is considerably caused by Inv22, small insertion/deletion and nonsense, whereas missense variants are more responsible for nonsevere HA phenotypes.
Cigarette smoking decline among US young adults from 2000 to 2019, in relation to state-level cigarette price and tobacco control expenditure
Authors: Messer Karen , Pierce John P , Chen Jiayu , Luo Man , Stone Matthew D , Leas Eric C , Shi Yuyan , Strong David R , Trinidad Dennis R , McMenamin Sara B 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of state-level cigarette price and tobacco control expenditure with the large 2000–2019 decline in cigarette smoking among US 18–24 year-olds.MethodsSmoking behaviour was assessed in the 24 most populous US states using the 1992–2019 Tobacco Use Supplements to the Current Population Survey; association with price and expenditure was tested using adjusted logistic regression. States were ranked by inflation-adjusted average price and tobacco control expenditure and grouped into tertiles. State-specific time trends were estimated, with slope changes in 2001/2002 and 2010/2011.ResultsBetween 2000 and 2010, the odds of smoking among US young adults decreased by a third (adjusted OR, AOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84). By 2019, these odds were one-quarter of their 2000 level (AOR 0.24, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.31). Among states in the lowest tertile of price/expenditure tobacco control activity, initially higher young adult smoking decreased by 13 percentage points from 2010 to 2018–2019, to a prevalence of 5.6% (95% CI 4.5% to 6.8%), equal to that in the highest tobacco-control tertile of states (6.5%, 95% CI 5.2% to 7.8%). Neither state tobacco control spending (AOR 1.0, 95% CI 0.999 to 1.002) nor cigarette price (AOR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.01) were associated with young adult smoking in statistical models. In 2019, seven states had prevalence over 3 SDs higher than the 24-state mean.ConclusionNational programmes may have filled a gap in state-level interventions, helping drive down the social acceptability of cigarette smoking among young adults across all states. Additional interventions are needed to assist high-prevalence states to further reduce smoking.
Temporal snacking patterns among Canadian children and adolescents
Authors: Tugault-Lafleur Claire N. , Polsky Jane Y. 
Published: July 2024

Snacking is nearly universal among children but there is growing concern around snacking patterns and energy contribution. This study aimed to characterize temporal snacking patterns among Canadian children and adolescents. A cross-sectional analysis drew on data from 5209 respondents aged 4–18 years from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey Nutrition, using one 24 h dietary recall. Descriptive statistics estimated proportions of morning, afternoon, and evening snackers, the mean caloric contribution of each snacking period to total daily energy intake, and the top food categories consumed as snacks (kcal per capita). Snacking was nearly universal and accounted for one of every four calories consumed. Morning snacks were more popular among children vs. adolescents and contributed significantly less energy than afternoon or evening snacking periods for both age groups ( P < 0.001). The top food groups consumed as snacks were the same for children and adolescents, although the ranking order varied. Fruits were the leading food group in terms of per capita energy for children and second for adolescents. Aside from fruits and milks, all other top per capita energy contributors were generally more energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods such as cookies, biscuits and cereal bars, and other breads. Among children, morning snacks were higher in desirable nutrients compared with afternoon snacks. Not all snacking periods are equal in terms of energy and nutrients. A better understanding of how time of day may influence the quality of snack foods can inform meal-based guidance and help children achieve the recommended daily amounts of foods and nutrients.
Static and spherically symmetric vacuum spacetimes with non-expanding principal null directions in f(R) gravity
Authors: Guilabert Alberto , Calzada Pelayo V. , Bargueño Pedro , Miret-Artés Salvador 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work we characterize all the static and spherically symmetric vacuum solutions in f(R) gravity when the principal null directions of the Weyl tensor are non-expanding. In contrast to General Relativity, we show that the Nariai spacetime is not the only solution of this type when general f(R) theories are considered. In particular, we find four different solutions for the non-constant Ricci scalar case, all of them corresponding to the same theory, given by $$f(R) = r_0^{-1}\left|R-3/r_0^2\right|^{1/2}$$

f

(
R
)

=

r
0

-
1

R
-
3
/

r
0
2

1
/
2

, where $$r_0$$

r
0

is a non-null constant. Finally, we briefly present some geometric properties of these solutions.
Performance and Communication Cost of Hardware Accelerators for Hashing in Post-Quantum Cryptography
Authors: Karl Patrick , Schupp Jonas , Sigl Georg 
Published: July 2024

SPHINCS+ is a signature scheme included in the first NIST post-quantum standard, that bases its security on the underlying hash primitive. As most of the runtime of SPHINCS+ is caused by the evaluation of several hash- and pseudo-random functions, offloading this computation to dedicated hardware accelerators is a natural step. In this work, we evaluate different architectures for hardware acceleration of such a hash primitive with respect to its use-case and evaluate them in the context of SPHINCS+. We attach hardware accelerators for different hash primitives (SHAKE128 and Ascon-Xof for both, full and round-reduced versions) to CPU interfaces having different transfer speeds. We show, that for most use-cases, data transfer determines the overall performance if accelerators are equipped with FIFOs and that reducing the number of rounds in the permutation does not necessarily lead to significant performance improvements when using hardware acceleration.
This work extends on a conference paper accepted at COSADE’24, first published in [19], and written by the same authors, where different architectures for hardware accelerators of hash functions are benchmarked and evaluated for SPHINCS+ as a case study. In this paper, we provide results for additional parameter sets for SPHINCS+ and improve the performance of one of the accelerators by adding an additional RISC-V instruction for faster absorption. We then extend the performance benchmark by including the algorithms CRYSTALS-Kyber, CRYSTALS-Dilithium and Falcon. Finally we provide a power/energy comparison for the accelerators.
Chemoprevention of Head and Neck Cancer: A Review of Current Approaches and Future Perspectives
Authors: Han Sanghoon , Bommireddy Ramireddy , Kim Pauline , Selvaraj Periasamy , Shin Dong M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a spectrum of heterogeneous malignancies. A variety of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contribute to the development of HNSCC. Carcinogenesis is a multistep process in which cell proliferation–associated oncogenes and cell-cycle regulation–associated tumor suppressor genes are dysregulated, resulting in premalignant lesions. Immune evasion is a critical step in the progression of benign lesions to advanced cancer. This review discusses the advances that have been made in chemoprevention strategies for HNSCC. The rationale for the use of chemopreventive agents to inhibit head and neck cancer development is highlighted by the positive outcomes of several clinical trials. We discuss the potential of some of the commonly studied agents including vitamin A analogs, EGFR inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, metabolic modulators, and natural compounds such as green tea, as well as immunotherapy and photodynamic therapy to prevent HNSCC. Our review provides insight into the potential benefits of these agents and the gaps that remain to be addressed. The published results reaffirm the promise of chemoprevention in head and neck cancer and suggest that continued exploration is needed to overcome the limitations. Because the current focus on chemopreventive agents is limited, major efforts in precision oncology approaches and substantial increase in funding will promote research into chemoprevention, which will eventually decrease the incidence of HNSCC.
Perfil dos periódicos brasileiros mantidos por IES e sistema Qualis: análise dos títulos indexados na Web of Science e Scopus
Authors: Quartiero Emanoel , Silva Edna Lúcia da 
Published: July 2024

Analisa características dos periódicos científicos do Brasil mantidos por Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e indexados nas bases Web of Science e Scopus. Para a realização deste estudo buscou-se identificar tais publicações; verificar as IES editoras e as regiões das publicações localizadas; e levantar aspectos essenciais dos periódicos, sendo eles: idioma, periodicidade, tipo de acesso, área do conhecimento, classificação Qualis-CAPES e plataforma editorial. A coleta dos dados foi realizada nas páginas Web dos periódicos, no Diretório UlrichsWeb e no site do Sistema de Regulação do Ensino Superior (e-MEC) do Ministério da Educação no Brasil. Foram identificados 140 títulos indexados na WoS e ou Scopus. Os dados apontam as universidades como IES responsáveis pela maioria das revistas e que as regiões que comportam a maior parte dessas publicações são as sudeste e sul do Brasil. A pesquisa detecta a condição de acesso aberto dos títulos, constata que as plataformas editoriais de maior uso são o Sistema Eletrônico de Editoração de Revistas/Open Journal Systems e SciELO, e que as áreas do conhecimento predominantes são as de Ciências Sociais (26 títulos), Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas (25 títulos) e Medicina (15 títulos). Em relação aos idiomas admitidos para publicação, o português, espanhol e inglês formam a combinação mais utilizada.
L-Wnk1 Deletion in Smooth Muscle Cells Causes Aortitis and Inflammatory Shift
Authors: Quelquejay Helene , Al-Rifai Rida , Silvestro Michele , Vandestienne Marie , Ferreira Irmine , Mirault Tristan , Henrion Daniel , Zhong Xiaodan , Santos-Zas Icia , Goudot Guillaume , Alayrac Paul , Robidel Estelle , Autret Gwennhael , Balvay Daniel , Taleb Soraya , Tedgui Alain , Boulanger Chantal M. , Zernecke Alma , Saliba Antoine-Emmanuel , Hadchouel Juliette , Ramkhelawon Bhama , Cochain Clement , Bergaya Sonia , Jeunemaitre Xavier , Ait-Oufella Hafid 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
The long isoform of the Wnk1 (with-no-lysine [K] kinase 1) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase, but its role in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) pathophysiology remains unknown.

METHODS:

AngII (angiotensin II) was infused in

Apoe
−/−

to induce experimental aortic aneurysm. Mice carrying an
Sm22-Cre
allele were cross-bred with mice carrying a floxed
Wnk1
allele to specifically investigate the functional role of Wnk1 in VSMCs.

RESULTS:

Single-cell RNA-sequencing of the aneurysmal abdominal aorta from AngII-infused

Apoe
−/−

mice revealed that VSMCs that did not express Wnk1 showed lower expression of contractile phenotype markers and increased inflammatory activity. Interestingly, WNK1 gene expression in VSMCs was decreased in human abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Wnk1
-deficient VSMCs lost their contractile function and exhibited a proinflammatory phenotype, characterized by the production of matrix metalloproteases, as well as cytokines and chemokines, which contributed to local accumulation of inflammatory macrophages, Ly6C
hi
monocytes, and γδ T cells.
Sm22Cre+Wnk1

lox/lox

mice spontaneously developed aortitis in the infrarenal abdominal aorta, which extended to the thoracic area over time without any negative effect on long-term survival. AngII infusion in
Sm22Cre+Wnk1

lox/lox

mice aggravated the aortic disease, with the formation of lethal abdominal aortic aneurysms. Pharmacological blockade of γδ T-cell recruitment using neutralizing anti-CXCL9 (anti-CXC motif chemokine ligand 9) antibody treatment, or of monocyte/macrophage using Ki20227, a selective inhibitor of CSF1 receptor, attenuated aortitis.
Wnk1
deletion in VSMCs led to aortic wall remodeling with destruction of elastin layers, increased collagen content, and enhanced local TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) 1 expression. Finally, in vivo TGF-β blockade using neutralizing anti-TGF-β antibody promoted saccular aneurysm formation and aorta rupture in
Sm22 Cre+ Wnk1

lox/lox

mice but not in control animals.

CONCLUSION:

Wnk1 is a key regulator of VSMC function.
Wnk1
deletion promotes VSMC phenotype switch toward a pathogenic proinflammatory phenotype, orchestrating deleterious vascular remodeling and spontaneous severe aortitis in mice.
Body Mass Index and Hypertension as Mediators of the Association Between Age at Menarche and Subclinical Atherosclerosis: A Sex‐Specific Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Meena Devendra , Huang Jian , Dib Marie‐Joe , Chirinos Julio , Jia Manyi , Chauhan Ganesh , Gill Dipender , Elliott Paul , Dehghan Abbas , Tzoulaki Ioanna 
Published: July 2024

Background
Early age at menarche (AAM) has been associated with a higher risk of carotid artery intima‐media thickness (cIMT), an indicator of subclinical vascular disease, albeit the mechanisms underlying this association remain elusive. A better understanding of the relationship between AAM, modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors, and subclinical atherosclerosis may contribute to improved primary prevention and cardiovascular disease treatment. We aimed to investigate the putative causal role of AAM on cIMT, and to identify and quantify the potentially mediatory effects of cardiometabolic risk factors underlying this relationship.

Methods and Results
We conducted linkage disequilibrium score regression analyses between our exposure of interest, AAM, our outcome of interest, cIMT and potential mediators of the AAM‐cIMT association to gauge cross‐trait genetic overlap. We considered as mediators the modifiable anthropometric risk factors body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), lipid traits (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol), and glycemic traits (fasting glucose). We then leveraged the paradigm of Mendelian randomization to infer causality between AAM and cIMT, and to identify whether cardiometabolic risk factors served as potential mediators of this effect. Our analyses showed that genetically predicted AAM was inversely associated with cIMT, BMI, SBP, and triglycerides, and positively associated with high‐density lipoprotein, low‐density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol. We showed that the effect of genetically predicted AAM on cIMT may be partially mediated through BMI (20.1% [95% CI, 1.4% to 38.9%]) and SBP (13.5% [95% CI, 0.5%–26.6%]). Our cluster‐specific Mendelian randomization revealed heterogeneous causal effect estimates of age at menarche on BMI and SBP.

Conclusions
We highlight supporting evidence for a potential causal association between earlier AAM and cIMT, and almost one third of the effect of AAM on cIMT may be mediated by BMI and SBP. Early intervention aimed at lowering BMI and hypertension may be beneficial in reducing the risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis due to earlier age at menarche.
Allostatic Load/Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Diagnosed With Breast, Lung, or Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Stabellini Nickolas , Cullen Jennifer , Bittencourt Marcio S. , Moore Justin X. , Sutton Arnethea , Nain Priyanshu , Hamerschlak Nelson , Weintraub Neal L. , Dent Susan , Tsai Meng‐Han , Banerjee Amitava , Ghosh Arjun K , Sadler Diego , Coughlin Steven S. , Barac Ana , Shanahan John , Montero Alberto J. , Guha Avirup 
Published: July 2024

Background
Cardiovascular disease and cancer share a common risk factor: chronic stress/allostatic load (AL). A 1‐point increase in AL is linked to up to a 30% higher risk of major cardiac events (MACE) in patients with prostate cancer. However, AL's role in MACE in breast cancer, lung cancer, or colorectal cancer remains unknown.

Methods and Results
Patients ≥18 years of age diagnosed with the mentioned 3 cancers of interest (2010–2019) and followed up at a large, hybrid academic‐community practice were included in this retrospective cohort study. AL was modeled as an ordinal measure (0–11). Adjusted Fine–Gray competing risks regressions estimated the impact of AL precancer diagnosis on 2‐year MACE (a composite of heart failure, ischemic stroke, acute coronary syndrome, and atrial fibrillation). The effect of AL changes over time on MACE was calculated via piecewise Cox regression (before, and 2 months, 6 months, and 1 year after cancer diagnosis). Among 16 467 patients, 50.5% had breast cancer, 27.9% had lung cancer, and 21.4% had colorectal cancer. A 1‐point elevation in AL before breast cancer diagnosis corresponded to a 10% heightened associated risk of MACE (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.06–1.13]). Similar findings were noted in lung cancer (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.12–1.20]) and colorectal cancer (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.08–1.19]). When considering AL as a time‐varying exposure, the peak associated MACE risk occurred with a 1‐point AL rise between 6 and 12 months post‐ breast cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions
AL warrants investigation as a potential marker in these patients to identify those at elevated cardiovascular risk and intervene accordingly.