bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zur Holzkorrosion an historischem Brettschichtholz
Authors: Rug Wolfgang , Linke Gunter 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDieser Artikel befasst sich mit Untersuchungen an historischem Brettschichtholz unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Einwirkung chemisch‐aggressiver Medien.Gegenstand der Untersuchung war eine fast 100 Jahre alte Salzlagerhalle in Hetzer‐Bauweise. Es wurden sowohl Festigkeitsuntersuchungen im Dynstat‐Verfahren als auch chemische Untersuchungen zum Salzgehalt durchgeführt.Im Ergebnis zeigte sich, dass das untersuchte Material einer deutlich sichtbaren Veränderung infolge der Salzeinwirkung unterlag. Es konnten sowohl oberflächliche makroskopische Veränderungen als auch eine Festigkeitsreduzierung im Randbereich festgestellt werden.Studies on the timber corrosion of historic glued laminated timberThis article presents studies on historic glued laminated timber with special reference to the effect of chemically aggressive media.Subject of the investigation was an almost 100 year old salt warehouse in Hetzer's construction method. Strength tests in the dynstat‐procedure as well as chemical investigations on the salinity were carried out.As a result of the effect of the salt the investigated material clearly shows superficial, macroscopic alteration as well as a reduction of the strength in the outer cross sections.
Albert Kahn, Industriearchitekt
Authors: Mislin Miron 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAm 8. Dezember 2012 jährte sich der 70. Todestag von Albert Kahn, dessen innovative Industriebauten am Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts in Amerika und weltweit Schule gemacht haben. Wie kein anderer hat er die Industriearchitektur revolutioniert, die sich wegen ihrer sachlichen und technischen Aufgabenstellung im 19. Jahrhundert als Stiefkind der Architektur im Schatten des Eklektizismus nur schwer behaupten konnte. Er wies den Weg zu einer primär konstruktiv bestimmten Industriearchitektur.Albert Kahn, Architect of FordSeventy years ago, on the 8th of December 2012, Albert Kahn died at the age of 73. He developed new types of manufacturing facilities, particularly automobile plants, which soon attracted the attention of avantgarde architects. He revolutionized the design for factory buildings, which until then had been frowned upon by the École des Beaux‐Arts trained architects and freed industrial architecture from the traditional stylistic rules of design. He showed the way to a primarily constructive architectural design.
Auslegung von Silos: Unmittelbare Messung des Horizontallastverhältnisses.
Authors: Kwade A. , Schulze D. , Schwedes J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractEs wird ein Meßgerät vorgestellt, das es erlaubt die Horizontaldrücke von Silogut auf die Silowandung zu messen und hieraus die Beziehungen zwischen Schüttgutdichte, Wandreibung, Fließzustand und innerem Reibungswinkel zu bestimmen. Die hieraus abgeleiteten Ergebnisse werden mit den Lastannahmen nach DIN 1055 Teil 6 verglichen.
Beton ‐ keine Gefahr für Boden und Grundwasser.
Authors: Mayer L. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractEs wird der Frage nachgegangen ob von Frischbeton oder Normalbeton Beeinträchtigungen des Grundwassers zu befürchten sind. Hierfür wurden umfangreiche Auslaugversuche durchgeführt um insbesondere das Lösungsverhalten der einzelnen Betonbestandteile und Zusatzmittel im Wasser zu klären.
Schwebende Spannbetonbrücken für ein unkonventionelles Hochhaustragwerk
Authors: Dietz Jörg , Berger Tobias 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIm Zuge der weiteren Entwicklung des Finanzbezirks von Manama im Königreich Bahrain wurde Werner Sobek durch das Architekturbüro SOM New York mit der Tragwerksplanung für das Four Seasons Hotel beauftragt. In zentraler Lage befindet sich auf einer künstlich aufgeschütteten Insel ein Hotel mit 48 Stockwerken und einer Höhe von 201, 50 m. Im Hochhaus ist ein Hotel untergebracht, umgeben von einem großen Ballsaal, umfangreichen Spa‐Anlagen und einer überdachten Tiefgarage mit 860 Stellplätzen. Im Umfeld des Hotels sollen weitere Büros und Wohngebäude entstehen. Das Projekt ist aufgrund seines “Landmark”‐Charakters von zentraler Bedeutung für die weitere Entwicklung von Bahrain.Die beiden Türme bestehen jeweils aus Rechteckquerschnitten, die durch drei Koppelebenen miteinander verbunden sind. Die Koppelebenen schließen biegesteif an die Türme an, sodass ein Rahmentragwerk entsteht. Diese robuste Tragstruktur nimmt Windlasten auf und wird zusätzlich noch durch hohe Abfanglasten beansprucht. Die dynamischen und statischen Grenzwerte des Tragwerks als maßgebende Entwurfskriterien werden deutlich unterschritten.Floating Transferbeams for an extraordinary highrise structure – the Four Seasons Hotel in BahrainWerner Sobek has been commissioned by SOM New York to develop the structural design of the Four Seasons Tower and Podium. The project is located in the Bahrain Bay Development in Manama in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The main structure is a 48 story cast‐in‐place hotel tower with height above grade of approx. 201.50 m. The Podium's three story, cast‐in‐place concrete superstructure lies immediately to the east and west of the Tower.Structurally, the high‐rise may be seen as a vertically cantilevered I‐beam with its web deleted at the ends. The cores or piers act as the flanges of the beam structure and the hotel area act as the interrupted web. Under lateral loads, the overall system acts as a pair of vertical cantilevered beams or flanges as seen from the north and south and as an open moment frame as seen from east and west. The twin concrete cores form the two 201.50m legs of the frame and are joined by 2 mechanical levels, the skypod, and the spine wall in the Hotel portion, forming moment connections to restrict side sway within acceptable static and dynamic limits.
Mitochondrial ascorbic acid is responsible for enhanced susceptibility of U937 cells to the toxic effects of peroxynitrite
Authors: Guidarelli Andrea , Cerioni Liana , Fiorani Mara , Azzolini Catia , Cantoni Orazio 
Published: October 2013

SummaryOtherwise nontoxic levels of peroxynitrite promote toxicity in U937 cells pre‐exposed to low micromolar concentrations of l‐ascorbic acid (AA). This event was associated with the mitochondrial accumulation of the vitamin and with the early formation of secondary reactive oxygen species and DNA single‐strand breaks. The same concentrations of peroxynitrite, however, failed to elicit detectable effects in cells pre‐exposed to dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), in which mitochondrial accumulation of vitamin C did not occur despite the identical cytosolic levels. Coherently, oxidation of extracellular AA failed to affect the intracellular concentration of the vitamin, but nevertheless prevented its mitochondrial localization as well as the enhanced response to peroxynitrite. Furthermore, in cells postincubated in vitamin C‐free medium, time‐dependent loss of mitochondrial AA was paralleled by a progressive decline of susceptibility to peroxynitrite, under the same conditions in which cells retained about half of the initial AA. Using different experimental approaches, we finally showed that the enhancing effects of AA are mediated by events associated with peroxynitrite‐dependent superoxide/H2O2 formation in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Collectively, these results indicate that mitochondria actively take up vitamin C as AA and respond to otherwise inactive concentrations of peroxynitrite with the mitochondrial formation of secondary species responsible for DNA damage and toxicity. DHA preloading, while leading to the accumulation of identical levels of vitamin C, fails to produce these effects because of the poor mitochondrial accumulation of the vitamin © 2013 BioFactors, 40(2):236–246, 2014
Jatropha curcas, a biofuel crop: Functional genomics for understanding metabolic pathways and genetic improvement
Authors: Maghuly Fatemeh , Laimer Margit 
Published: October 2013

AbstractJatropha curcas is currently attracting much attention as an oilseed crop for biofuel, as Jatropha can grow under climate and soil conditions that are unsuitable for food production. However, little is known about Jatropha, and there are a number of challenges to be overcome. In fact, Jatropha has not really been domesticated; most of the Jatropha accessions are toxic, which renders the seedcake unsuitable for use as animal feed. The seeds of Jatropha contain high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which negatively impact the biofuel quality. Fruiting of Jatropha is fairly continuous, thus increasing costs of harvesting. Therefore, before starting any improvement program using conventional or molecular breeding techniques, understanding gene function and the genome scale of Jatropha are prerequisites. This review presents currently available and relevant information on the latest technologies (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) to decipher important metabolic pathways within Jatropha, such as oil and toxin synthesis. Further, it discusses future directions for biotechnological approaches in Jatropha breeding and improvement.
Chrotacumines E and F, Two New Chromone‐Alkaloid Analogs from Dysoxylum acutangulum (Meliaceae) Leaves
Authors: Izwan Mohd Lazim Mohd , Safinar Ismail Intan , Shaari Khozirah , Abd. Latip Jalifah , Ali Al‐Mekhlafi Nabil , Morita Hiroshi 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA chemical investigation of the alkaloidal fraction of Dysoxylum acutangulum leaves led to the isolation and characterization of two new chromone alkaloid analogs named chrotacumines E and F (1 and 2, resp.). Structure elucidation of 1 and 2 was achieved by spectroscopic analyses, including 2D‐NMR. Both of these alkaloids exhibited modest activities as tyrosinase inhibitors with 29.2 and 25.8% inhibition at 100 μg/ml, respectively.
A general variance model in methods comparison
Authors: Hawkins Douglas M. 
Published: October 2013

Valid statistical tests of paired data require correct models of how measurement variance depends on analyte concentration. One often‐used assumption is that the variance is constant across the range; another is that the coefficient of variation is constant. But in many data sets, neither of these holds. A variance model containing both a constant variance and a constant coefficient of variation term is recommended as an often‐useful additional analysis tool for methods comparison.The more general variance model is fitted to a simulated data set, and one from a clinical chemistry methods comparison. It is used to provide more reliable average versus difference plots, to fit weighted Deming regressions, and to provide valid paired data analyses. The calculations are implemented in r software. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
4‐Nitro‐3‐(5‐tetrazole)furoxan and Its Salts: Synthesis, Characterization, and Energetic Properties
Authors: Liang Lixuan , Wang Kai , Bian Chengming , Ling Liming , Zhou Zhiming 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA series of new energetic salts based on 4‐nitro‐3‐(5‐tetrazole)furoxan (HTNF) has been synthesized. All of the salts have been fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystal structures of neutral HTNF (3) and its ammonium (4) and N‐carbamoylguanidinium salts (9) have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The densities of 3 and its nine salts were found to range from 1.63 to 1.84 g cm−3. Impact sensitivities have been determined by hammer tests, and the results ranged from 2 J (very sensitive) to >40 J (insensitive). Theoretical performance calculations (Gaussian 03 and EXPLO 5.05) provided detonation pressures and velocities for the ionic compounds 4–12 in the ranges 25.5–36.2 GPa and 7934–8919 m s−1, respectively, which make them competitive energetic materials.
Single‐Electron‐Transfer (SET)‐Induced Oxidative Biaryl Coupling by Polyalkoxybenzene‐Derived Diaryliodonium(III) Salts
Authors: Yamaoka Nobutaka , Sumida Kohei , Itani Itsuki , Kubo Hiroko , Ohnishi Yusuke , Sekiguchi Sho , Dohi Toshifumi , Kita Yasuyuki 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMetal‐free oxidative CC coupling by using polyalkoxybenzene‐derived diaryliodonium(III) salts as both the oxidant and aryl source has been developed. These salts can induce single‐electron‐transfer (SET) oxidation to yield electron‐rich arenes and subsequently transfer the polyalkoxyphenyl group into in situ generated aromatic radical cations to produce biaryl products. The reaction is promoted by a Lewis acid that activates the iodonium salts. It has been revealed that the reactivity of the salts under acidic conditions is quite different to their known behavior under basic conditions. The reactivity preference of a series of iodonium salts in the SET oxidation and their ligand transfer abilities have been systematically investigated and the results are summarized in this report.
Spiral‐Type Heteropolyhedral Coordination Network Based on Single‐Crystal LiSrPO4: Implications for Luminescent Materials
Authors: Lin Chun Che , Shen Chin‐Chang , Liu Ru‐Shi 
Published: October 2013

AbstractNovel structures of luminescent materials, which are used as light sources for next‐generation illumination, are continuously being improved for use in white‐light‐emitting diodes. Activator‐doped known structures are reported as habitual down‐conversion phosphors in solid‐state lightings and displays. Consequently, the intrinsic qualities of the existent compounds produce deficiencies that limit their applications. Herein we report a spiral‐network single‐crystal orthophosphate (LiSrPO4) prepared in a platinum crucible with LiCl flux through crystal‐growth reactions of SrCl2 and Li3PO4 in air. It crystallizes in a hexagonal system with a=5.0040(2) and c=24.6320(16) Å, V=534.15(5) Å3, and Z=6 in the space group P65. The unit cell is comprised of LiO4 and PO4 tetrahedrons that form a three‐dimensional LiPO42− anionic framework with a helical channel structure along the c axis in which the Sr2+ cation is accommodated. The optical band gap of this composition is about 3.65 eV, as determined by using UV/Vis absorption and diffuse reflection spectra. We used the crystal‐growth method to synthesize blue‐ and red‐emitting crystals that exhibited pure color, low reabsorption, a large Stokes shift, and efficient conversion of ultraviolet excitation light into visible light. Emphasis was placed on the development of gratifying structure‐related properties of rare‐earth luminescent materials and their applications.
Bi‐Enzyme Sensor for Phenolic Compounds with Fluorescent Read‐Out
Authors: Strianese Maria , Zauner Gerhild , Tabares Leandro C , Tepper Armand W. J. W. , De Martino Franco , Pellecchia Claudio , Aartsma Thijs J. , Canters Gerard W. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the use of tyrosinase (Ty) from Streptomyces antibioticus, labeled with a fluorescent tag, in combination with soluble quinoprotein (PQQ‐containing) glucose dehydrogenase (s‐GDH) to measure trace amounts of phenols is explored. Proof of concept is provided by a series of experiments, which show a clear quantitative dependence of the response on the phenol concentration. One of the advantages of the detection system is that apart from a standard fluorimeter no further instrumentation is required.
Dimensional Matching of Polycyclic Aromatics with Rectangular Metallacycles: Insertion Modes Determined by [CH⋅⋅⋅π] Interactions
Authors: Alvariño Cristina , Pía Elena , García Marcos D. , Blanco Víctor , Fernández Alberto , Peinador Carlos , Quintela José M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA family of PdII/PtII dinuclear receptors, designed to give a smooth increase in their cavity lengths (from 7.46–13.78 Å), is presented. Their inclusion complexes with a representative set of polycyclic aromatic substrates (naphthalene, carbazol, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene), were characterized and studied in aqueous solution and the solid state. By taking into account the dimensions of both receptors and substrates, an excellent complementarity was found between the size of the receptors and their ability to complex a given substrate. Furthermore, this dimensional matching results in specific binding modes depending on the ability of the guest to establish stabilizing [CH⋅⋅⋅π] interactions with the host.
Infrared Spectrum of the Si3H8+ Cation: Evidence for a Bridged Isomer with an Asymmetric Three‐Center Two‐Electron SiHSi Bond
Authors: George Martin Andreas Robert , Savoca Marco , Dopfer Otto 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe IR spectrum of Si3H8+ ions produced in a supersonic plasma molecular beam expansion of SiH4, He, and Ar is inferred from photodissociation of cold Si3H8+–Ar complexes. Vibrational analysis of the spectrum is consistent with a Si3H8+ structure (2+) obtained by a barrierless addition reaction of SiH4 to the disilene ion (H2SiSiH2+) in the silane plasma. In this structure, one of the electronegative H atoms of SiH4 donates electron density into the partially filled electrophilic π orbital of the disilene cation. The resulting asymmetric SiHSi bridge of the 2+ isomer with a bond energy of approximately 60 kJ mol−1 is characteristic for a weak three‐center two‐electron bond, which is identified by its strongly IR active asymmetric SiHSi stretching fundamental at about 1765 cm−1. The observed 2+ isomer is calculated to be only a few kJ mol−1 less stable than the global minimum structure of Si3H8+ (1+), which is derived from vertical ionization of trisilane. Although more stable, 1+ is not detected in the measured IR spectrum of Si3H8+–Ar, and its lower abundance in the supersonic plasma is rationalized by the production mechanism of Si3H8+ in the silane plasma, in which a high barrier between 2+ and 1+ prevents the efficient formation of 1+. The potential energy surface of Si3H8+ is characterized in some detail by quantum chemical calculations. The structural, vibrational, electronic and energetic properties as well as the chemical bonding mechanism are investigated for a variety of low‐energy Si3H8+ isomers and their fragments. The weak intermolecular bonds of the Ar ligands in the Si3H8+–Ar isomers arise from dispersion and induction forces and induce only a minor perturbation of the bare Si3H8+ ions. Comparison with the potential energy surface of C3H8+ reveals the differences between the silicon and carbon species.
ChemInform Abstract: Rietveld Refinement of AgCa10(PO4)7 from X‐Ray Powder Data.
Authors: Strutynska Nataliya Yu. , Zatovsky Igor V. , Ogorodnyk Ivan V. , Slobodyanik Nikolay S. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPolycrystalline AgCa10(PO4)7 is obtained by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Ag3PO4, CaCO3, and CaHPO4 (porcelain crucible, calcination at 873 K, annealing at 1173 K, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Dilithium Hexahydroxidostannate(IV) Dihydrate, a Second Monoclinic Modification with a Layer Structure.
Authors: Kamaha Shouassi , Reuter Hans 
Published: October 2013

AbstractColorless single crystals of Li2[Sn(OH)6]·2H2O are precipitated from a 15 wt.% aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic and Electric Field Characterization of La2CoMnO6 Crystals Doped with Pb.
Authors: Yankova L. , Milenov T. I. , Rafailov P. M. , Avdeev G. V. , Veleva M. N. , Gosopodinov M. M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractCrystals of La1.83Pb0.17Mn1.20Co0.80 O6‐δ are prepared by the high temperature solution growth method and characterized by electric and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Properties of NaxM2SbO6·yH2O, M: Co(III), Ni(III) Honeycomb Oxyhydrates.
Authors: Roudebush J. H. , Cava R. J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractNa0.85Co2SbO6·1.7H2O and Na0.95Ni2SbO6·1.5H2O are synthesized by oxidation of Na3M2SbO6 (M: Co, Ni) with Br2/MeCN solution at room temperature followed by exposure to ambient air.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymorphism and Optical Properties in [NH4][InSe2].
Authors: Ewing Sarah J. , Woodward David I. , Powell Anthony V. , Vaqueiro Paz 
Published: October 2013

AbstractYellow crystals of [NH4][InSe2] (I) are solvothermally synthesized from a mixture of In, Se, trans‐1,4‐diaminocyclohexane or concentrated NH3 solution, and water (autoclave, 200 °C, 5—10 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure, Dielectric Properties of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 Single Crystal Grown by Flux Method Using B2O3 Flux.
Authors: Saravanan R. , Rajesh D. , Rajasekaran S. V. , Perumal R. , Chitra M. , Jayavel R. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSingle crystals of the title compound are prepared from mixtures of Na2CO3, K2CO3, and Nb2O5 using mixtures of KF, NaF, and B2O3 as flux (1150 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: An Unprecedented [Mo3IVO4]‐Incorporated Polyoxometalate Concomitant with MoO2 Nucleophilic Addition.
Authors: Chen Wei‐Peng , Sang Rui‐Li , Wang Yi , Xu Li 
Published: October 2013

AbstractH2Py3 [H4MoIV6MoVI7 O36py6]·2H2O is hydrothermally synthesized from an acidic aqueous solution of [Mo3O4(H2O)9]4+ containing N(CH2‐COOH)3 and Py (autoclave, 393 K, 3 d, 20% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Internal Lewis Acid Assisted Ureas: Tunable Hydrogen Bond Donor Catalysts.
Authors: Nickerson David M. , Angeles Veronica V. , Auvil Tyler J. , So Sonia S. , Mattson Anita E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIncorporation of internal Lewis acid moieties onto urea scaffolds gives rise to novel tunable hydrogen bond donor catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Relay Catalysis: Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclic Benzo‐Fused Homoallylic Alcohols by Chiral Broensted Acid‐Catalyzed Allylboration/Ring Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Fustero Santos , Rodriguez Elsa , Lazaro Ruben , Herrera Lidia , Catalan Silvia , Barrio Pablo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe title reaction provides access to six‐ and seven‐membered benzo‐fused cyclic homoallylic alcohols (III), (V), (VII), (IX), and (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetically Recoverable Osmium Catalysts with Osmium—Diolate Esters for Dihydroxylation of Olefins.
Authors: Fujita Ken‐ichi , Umeki Satoshi , Ysuda Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe magnetically recoverable catalyst is found to be most efficient one for the conversion of olefins to vicinal diols.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Nitro‐Mannich Reaction of α‐Substituted Nitroacetates to N‐Phosphoryl Imines Catalyzed by cinchona Alkaloid Thiourea Organocatalysts.
Authors: Fan Weidong , Kong Shasha , Cai Yan , Wu Guiping , Miao Zhiwei 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe presented method is highly tolerable to functionalized N‐phosphoryl imines and provides a reliable synthetic route to the corresponding β‐nitro ethylphosphoramidates (III) with adjacent quaternary and tertiary chiral centers in high enantio‐ and diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular C—H Insertion Reactions of α‐Diazo‐β‐keto Esters and α‐Diazo‐β‐keto Phosphonates.
Authors: Slattery Catherine N. , Maguire Anita R. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe process is best achieved under the conditions shown to give cyclopentanone derivatives with moderate e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Ketothioamides via Willgerodt—Kindler Reaction of Arylglyoxals with Amines and Sulfur under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Eftekhari‐Sis Bagher , Khajeh Saleh Vahdati , Bueyuekguengoer Orhan 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHeterocyclic amines work well, whereas secondary acyclic amines produce a complex mixture.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α,β‐Alkynyl Esters and Unsymmetrical Maleate Esters Catalyzed by Pd/C; an Efficient Phosphine‐Free Catalytic System for Oxidative Alkoxycarbonylation of Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Gadge Sandip T. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn dioxane as the solvent the process provides α,β‐alkynyl esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,2‐Disubstituted Tetrahydrofurans: Palladium‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloadditions of Trimethylenemethane with Ketones.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Bringley Dustin A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe presented reaction demonstrates novel reactivity and provides the title compounds bearing a tetrasubstituted stereocenter.