bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN) Symptom Assessment Form Total Symptom Score: Prospective International Assessment of an Abbreviated Symptom Burden Scoring System Among Patients With MPNs
Authors: Emanuel Robyn M. , Dueck Amylou C. , Geyer Holly L. , Kiladjian Jean-Jacques , Slot Stefanie , Zweegman Sonja , te Boekhorst Peter A.W. , Commandeur Suzan , Schouten Harry C. , Sackmann Federico , Kerguelen Fuentes Ana , Hernández-Maraver Dolores , Pahl Heike L. , Griesshammer Martin , Stegelmann Frank , Doehner Konstanze , Lehmann Thomas , Bonatz Karin , Reiter Andreas , Boyer Francoise , Etienne Gabriel , Ianotto Jean-Christophe , Ranta Dana , Roy Lydia , Cahn Jean-Yves , Harrison Claire N. , Radia Deepti , Muxi Pablo , Maldonado Norman , Besses Carlos , Cervantes Francisco , Johansson Peter L. , Barbui Tiziano , Barosi Giovanni , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Passamonti Francesco , Andreasson Bjorn , Ferarri Maria L. , Rambaldi Alessandro , Samuelsson Jan , Birgegard Gunnar , Tefferi Ayalew , Mesa Ruben A. 
Published: October 2012

Purpose Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) symptoms are troublesome to patients, and alleviation of this burden represents a paramount treatment objective in the development of MPN-directed therapies. We aimed to assess the utility of an abbreviated symptom score for the most pertinent and representative MPN symptoms for subsequent serial use in assessing response to therapy. Patients and Methods The Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Symptom Assessment Form total symptom score (MPN-SAF TSS) was calculated as the mean score for 10 items from two previously validated scoring systems. Questions focus on fatigue, concentration, early satiety, inactivity, night sweats, itching, bone pain, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, and fevers. Results MPN-SAF TSS was calculable for 1,408 of 1,433 patients with MPNs who had a mean score of 21.2 (standard deviation [SD], 16.3). MPN-SAF TSS results significantly differed among MPN disease subtypes (P < .001), with a mean of 18.7 (SD, 15.3), 21.8 (SD, 16.3), and 25.3 (SD, 17.2) for patients with essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and myelofibrosis, respectively. The MPN-SAF TSS strongly correlated with overall quality of life (QOL; r = 0.59; P < .001) and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) functional scales (all P < .001 and absolute r ≥ 0.50 except social functioning r = 0.48). No significant trends were present when comparing therapy subgroups. The MPN-SAF TSS had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .83). Factor analysis identified a single underlying construct, indicating that the MPN-SAF TSS is an appropriate, unified scoring method. Conclusion The MPN-SAF TSS is a concise, valid, and accurate assessment of MPN symptom burden with demonstrated clinical utility in the largest prospective MPN symptom study to date. This new prospective scoring method may be used to assess MPN symptom burden in both clinical practice and trial settings.
Phase III Trial of Chemoradiotherapy for Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma: Long-Term Results of RTOG 9402
Authors: Cairncross Gregory , Wang Meihua , Shaw Edward , Jenkins Robert , Brachman David , Buckner Jan , Fink Karen , Souhami Luis , Laperriere Normand , Curran Walter , Mehta Minesh 
Published: October 2012

Purpose Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, pure (AO) and mixed (anaplastic oligoastrocytoma [AOA]), are chemosensitive, especially if codeleted for 1p/19q, but whether patients live longer after chemoradiotherapy is unknown. Patients and Methods Eligible patients with AO/AOA were randomly assigned to procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) plus radiotherapy (RT) versus RT alone. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Results Two hundred ninety-one eligible patients were randomly assigned: 148 to PCV plus RT and 143 to RT. For the entire cohort, there was no difference in median survival by treatment (4.6 years for PCV plus RT v 4.7 years for RT; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.04; P = .1). Patients with codeleted tumors lived longer than those with noncodeleted tumors (PCV plus RT: 14.7 v 2.6 years, HR = 0.36, 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.57, P < .001; RT: 7.3 v 2.7 years, HR = 0.40, 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.60, P < .001), and the median survival of those with codeleted tumors treated with PCV plus RT was twice that of patients receiving RT (14.7 v 7.3 years; HR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.95; P = .03). For those with noncodeleted tumors, there was no difference in median survival by treatment arm (2.6 v 2.7 years; HR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.58 to 1.23; P = .39). In Cox models that included codeletion status, the adjusted OS for all patients was prolonged by PCV plus RT (HR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.91; P = .01). Conclusion For the subset of patients with 1p/19q codeleted AO/AOA, PCV plus RT may be an especially effective treatment, although this observation was derived from an unplanned analysis.
The Programming of Cardiac Hypertrophy in the Offspring by Maternal Obesity Is Associated with Hyperinsulinemia, AKT, ERK, and mTOR Activation
Authors: Fernandez-Twinn Denise S. , Blackmore Heather L. , Siggens Lee , Giussani Dino A. , Cross Christine M. , Foo Roger , Ozanne Susan E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractHuman and animal studies suggest that suboptimal early nutrition during critical developmental periods impacts long-term health. For example, maternal overnutrition during pregnancy and lactation in mice programs insulin resistance, obesity, and endothelial dysfunction in the offspring. Here we investigated the effects of diet-induced maternal obesity on the offspring cardiac phenotype and explored potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Dams fed the obesogenic diet were heavier (P &lt; 0.01) and fatter (P &lt; 0.0001) than controls throughout pregnancy and lactation. There was no effect of maternal obesity on offspring body weight or body composition up to 8 wk of age. However, maternal obesity resulted in increased offspring cardiac mass (P &lt; 0.05), increased heart-body weight (P &lt; 0.01), heart weight-tibia length (P &lt; 0.05), increased left ventricular free wall thickness and area (P &lt; 0.01 and P &lt; 0.05, respectively), and increased myocyte width (P &lt; 0.001). Consistent with these structural changes, the expression of molecular markers of cardiac hypertrophy were also increased [Nppb(BNP), Myh7-Myh6(βMHC-αMHC) (both P &lt; 0.05) and mir-133a (P &lt; 0.01)]. Offspring were hyperinsulinemic and displayed increased insulin action through AKT (P &lt; 0.01), ERK (P &lt; 0.05), and mammalian target of rapamycin (P &lt; 0.05). p38MAPK phosphorylation was also increased (P &lt; 0.05), suggesting pathological remodeling. Increased Ncf2(p67phox) expression (P &lt; 0.05) and impaired manganese superoxide dismutase levels (P &lt; 0.01) suggested oxidative stress, which was consistent with an increase in levels of 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal (a measure of lipid peroxidation). We propose that maternal diet-induced obesity leads to offspring cardiac hypertrophy, which is independent of offspring obesity but is associated with hyperinsulinemia-induced activation of AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin, ERK, and oxidative stress.
The Effects of Chronic Administration of Testosterone Propionate with or without Estradiol on the Sexual Behavior and Plasma Steroid Levels of Aged Female Rats
Authors: Jones Sherri Lee , Ismail Nafissa , King Leonora , Pfaus James G. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Low sexual desire concomitant with feelings of distress is reported in naturally and surgically menopausal women. A combination of estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) restores sexual desire and interest in these women. The central mechanisms by which E2 and T act to restore desire are poorly understood. Here we examined the effect of chronic treatment with testosterone propionate (TP) administered by a sc SILASTIC brand capsule in aged ovary-intact female rats. Females were first treated with TP alone, followed by a second phase when TP was administered in combination with estradiol benzoate (EB; 10 μg) by sc injection 48 h prior to testing (EB+TP). Each phase consisted of 5 test days at 4-d intervals. Appetitive and consummatory female sexual behaviors were observed in bilevel chambers, and plasma E2 and T concentrations were measured with ELISA. Sexual solicitations and hops and darts were facilitated by the highest TP dose, and the lordosis quotient was increased by the two highest TP doses when administered alone, coinciding with an increase in plasma T, but those behavioral effects were not maintained across time. The lordosis quotient was inversely related to the TP dose in the EB+TP phase. These results suggest that the administration of TP by sc capsules to aged female rats facilitates appetitive and consummatory sexual behaviors; however, chronic treatment appears to be inhibitory. This is the first study to assess sexual behavior after SILASTIC brand implants of TP in the aged female rat. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects of T on female sexual function.
In Vivo 17β-Estradiol Treatment Contributes to Podocyte Actin Stabilization in Female db/db Mice
Authors: Catanuto Paola , Fornoni Alessia , Pereira-Simon Simone , Wu Fayi , Burnstein Kerry L. , Xia Xiaomei , Conti Francesco , Lenzi Andrea , Elliot Sharon 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
We recently showed that 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment ameliorated type 2 diabetic glomerulosclerosis in mice in part by protecting podocyte structure and function. Progressive podocyte damage is characterized by foot process effacement, vacuolization, detachment of podocytes from the glomerular basement membrane, and apoptosis. In addition, podocytes are highly dependent on the preservation of their actin cytoskeleton to ensure proper function and survival. Because E2 administration prevented podocyte damage in our study on diabetic db/db mice and has been shown to regulate both actin cytoskeleton and apoptosis in other cell types and tissues, we investigated whether actin remodeling and apoptosis were prevented in podocytes isolated from E2-treated diabetic db/db mice. We performed G-actin/F-actin assays, Western analysis for Hsp25 expression, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) activity, and apoptosis assays on previously characterized podocytes isolated from both in vivo-treated placebo and E2 female db/db mice. We found that in vivo E2 protects against a phenotype change in the cultured podocytes characterized by a percent increase of F-actin vs. G-actin, suppression of Hsp25 expression and transcriptional activation, increase of Rac1 activity, and decreased apoptotic intermediates. We conclude from these studies that E2 treatment protects against podocyte damage and may prevent/reduce diabetes-induced kidney disease.
Viktor Kopp und die Anfänge der sowjetisch-deutschen Beziehungen 1919 bis 1921
Authors: Černoperov Vasilij L. 
Published: October 2012

Vorspann
Der Name des bolschewistischen Revolutionärs und Diplomaten Viktor Kopp sagt nur wenigen Spezialisten etwas. Dabei spielte er als Vertreter Moskaus in Berlin während der unruhigen Jahre zwischen dem Abbruch der diplomatischen Beziehungen des Deutschen Reiches mit Sowjetrussland Ende 1918 und ihrer Wiederaufnahme in Rapallo im April 1922 eine Schlüsselrolle. Kopp wollte nicht weniger erreichen als eine sowjetisch-deutsche Allianz, um das Versailler System kriegerisch zu sprengen und so den Weg zur Ausdehnung der „Weltrevolution“ nach Westen freizumachen. Der russische Historiker Vasilij Černoperov rekonstruiert auf der Basis intensiver Quellenstudien Kopps Ideen und Aktivitäten, die Grenzen ihrer Durchsetzbarkeit und ihre letztendlichen Wirkungen.
Das „Spinnennetz“ des internationalen Terrorismus
Authors: Riegler Thomas 
Published: October 2012

Vorspann
Ein Attentat, das nicht stattfand und doch unvergessen blieb, weil seine Folgen unabsehbar gewesen wären. Es hätte das überbesetzte Transitlager für sowjetische Juden im österreichischen Schönau treffen und das tödliche Werk der palästinensischen Terrororganisation „Schwarzer September“ sein sollen. Thomas Riegler, Historiker in Wien, zeigt, wer die Geiselnahme plante und weshalb diese vereitelt werden konnte. Er legt dabei ein dichtes, halb Europa und den Nahen Osten umspannendes Netzwerk von Akteuren und Helfern offen, zu dem - überraschender Weise - auch Rechtsradikale gehörten.
Prophylactic Probiotics to Prevent Death and Nosocomial Infection in Preterm Infants
Authors: Rojas Mario A. , Lozano Juan M. , Rojas Maria X. , Rodriguez Viviana A. , Rondon Martin A. , Bastidas Jaime A. , Perez Luis A. , Rojas Catherine , Ovalle Oscar , Garcia-Harker Jorge E. , Tamayo Maria E. , Ruiz Gloria C. , Ballesteros Adriana , Archila Maria M. , Arevalo Mauricio 
Published: October 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
It has been suggested that probiotics may decrease infant mortality and nosocomial infections because of their ability to suppress colonization and translocation of bacterial pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract. We designed a large double-blinded placebo-controlled trial using Lactobacillus reuteri to test this hypothesis in preterm infants.

METHODS:
Eligible infants were randomly assigned during the first 48 hours of life to either daily probiotic administration or placebo. Infants in the intervention group were administered enterally 5 drops of a probiotic preparation containing 108 colony-forming units of L reuteri DSM 17938 until death or discharge from the NICU.

RESULTS:
A total of 750 infants ≤2000 g were enrolled. The frequency of the primary outcome, death, or nosocomial infection, was similar in the probiotic and placebo groups (relative risk 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.63–1.19; P = .376). There was a trend toward a lower rate of nosocomial pneumonia in the probiotic group (2.4% vs 5.0%; P = .06) and a nonsignificant 40% decrease in necrotizing enterocolitis (2.4% vs 4.0%; P = .23). Episodes of feeding intolerance and duration of hospitalization were lower in infants ≤ 1500 g (9.6% vs 16.8% [P = .04]; 32.5 days vs 37 days [P = .03]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Although L reuteri did not appear to decrease the rate of the composite outcome, the trends suggest a protective role consistent with what has been observed in the literature. Feeding intolerance and duration of hospitalization were decreased in premature infants ≤1500 g.
Impact of Sleep Extension and Restriction on Children’s Emotional Lability and Impulsivity
Authors: Gruber Reut , Cassoff Jamie , Frenette Sonia , Wiebe Sabrina , Carrier Julie 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the impact of moderate sleep extension and restriction on child behavior in school.

METHODS:
We conducted a randomized parallel group study to determine the impact of an experimental sleep extension (addition of 1 hour of sleep relative to baseline habitual sleep duration on weekdays) and experimental sleep restriction (elimination of 1 hour of sleep relative to baseline habitual sleep duration on weekdays) on child behavior in school. The primary outcome measures were scores on the Conners’ Global Index Scale, as determined by teachers blinded to sleep status of the participants. A sample of 34 typically developing children aged 7 to 11 years with no reported sleep problems and no behavioral, medical, or academic issues participated in the study.

RESULTS:
Our main findings were that (1) a cumulative extension of sleep duration of 27.36 minutes was associated with detectable improvement in Conners’ Global Index–derived emotional lability and restless-impulsive behavior scores of children in school and a significant reduction in reported daytime sleepiness; and (2) a cumulative restriction of sleep of 54.04 minutes was associated with detectable deterioration on such measures.

CONCLUSIONS:
A modest extension in sleep duration was associated with significant improvement in alertness and emotional regulation, whereas a modest sleep restriction had opposite effects.
Antecedents of Neonatal Encephalopathy in the Vermont Oxford Network Encephalopathy Registry
Authors: Nelson Karin B. , Bingham Peter , Edwards Erika M. , Horbar Jeffrey D. , Kenny Michael J. , Inder Terrie , Pfister Robert H. , Raju Tonse , Soll Roger F. 
Published: October 2012

BACKGROUND:
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a major predictor of death and long-term neurologic disability, but there are few studies of antecedents of NE.

OBJECTIVES:
To identify antecedents in a large registry of infants who had NE.

METHODS:
This was a maternal and infant record review of 4165 singleton neonates, gestational age of ≥36 weeks, meeting criteria for inclusion in the Vermont Oxford Network Neonatal Encephalopathy Registry.

RESULTS:
Clinically recognized seizures were the most prevalent condition (60%); 49% had a 5-minute Apgar score of ≤3 and 18% had a reduced level of consciousness. An abnormal maternal or fetal condition predated labor in 46%; maternal hypertension (16%) or small for gestational age (16%) were the most frequent risk factors. In 8%, birth defects were identified. The most prevalent birth complication was elevated maternal temperature in labor of ≥37.5°C in 27% of mothers with documented temperatures compared with 2% to 3.2% in controls in population-based studies. Clinical chorioamnionitis, prolonged membrane rupture, and maternal hypothyroidism exceeded rates in published controls. Acute asphyxial indicators were reported in 15% (in 35% if fetal bradycardia included) and inflammatory indicators in 24%. Almost one-half had neither asphyxial nor inflammatory indicators. Although most infants with NE were observably ill since the first minutes of life, only 54% of placentas were submitted for examination.

CONCLUSIONS:
Clinically recognized asphyxial birth events, indicators of intrauterine exposure to inflammation, fetal growth restriction, and birth defects were each observed in term infants with NE, but much of NE in this large registry remained unexplained.
Effects of Glutamine on Brain Development in Very Preterm Children at School Age
Authors: de Kieviet Jorrit F. , Oosterlaan Jaap , Vermeulen R. Jeroen , Pouwels Petra J. W. , Lafeber Harrie N. , van Elburg Ruurd M. 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVES:
The amino acid glutamine has been shown to reduce the number of serious neonatal infections in very preterm children, which may benefit long-term brain development. The aims of the current follow-up study were to (1) determine the long-term effects of glutamine-enriched feeding in the first month after birth in very preterm children on measures of brain development at school age, and (2) elucidate a potential mediating role of serious neonatal infections.

METHODS:
Fifty-two very preterm children who originally took part in a randomized controlled trial on enteral glutamine supplementation between day 3 and 30 after birth participated at a mean (SD) age of 8.6 (0.3) years. Measures of brain development included volumetric outcomes of major brain structures, as well as fractional anisotropy (FA) values of major white matter tracts.

RESULTS:
Glutamine supplementation in the first month was associated with medium-sized increases in white matter (d = 0.54, P = .03), hippocampus (d = 0.47, P = .02), and brain stem (d = 0.54, P = .04) volumes at school age. Exploratory analyses using an uncorrected P value indicated higher FA values of the bilateral cingulum hippocampal tract in the glutamine group. All differences were either strongly associated (hippocampus volume, brain stem volume, and FA values of cingulum hippocampal tract) or completely mediated (white matter volume) by the lower number of serious neonatal infections in the glutamine group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Short-term glutamine supplementation after birth increases white matter, hippocampus, and brain stem volumes in very preterm children at school age, mediated by a decrease in serious neonatal infections.
Variations in Children’s Dental Service Use Based on Four National Health Surveys
Authors: Romaire Melissa A. , Bell Janice F. , Huebner Colleen E. 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE:
To compare estimates of dental service use and delayed dental care across 4 national surveys of children’s health.

METHODS:
Among children 2 to 17 years of age, prevalence estimates of the use of any dental services, preventive dental services, and delayed dental care in the past year were obtained from the 2003 and 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health, the 2003–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the 2003 and 2007 National Health Interview Survey, and the 2003 and 2007 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Trends in parent-reported dental use, including delayed care, by sociodemographic characteristics were assessed by using logistic regression and odds ratios.

RESULTS:
Data collection methodologies varied across the 4 surveys, and estimates of dental service use varied accordingly. Surveys differed in the survey items used, recall time frames, and protocols for eliciting visit history. As a result, estimates of any dental use ranged from 52% to 81%, whereas estimates of preventive dental use ranged from 67% to 78%. Rates of delayed dental care were low, ranging from 3% to 8%; however, surveys showed consistent sociodemographic disparities in use of dental services and delayed dental care.

CONCLUSIONS:
Each survey has a unique approach to defining and eliciting parents’ reports of children’s dental service use, which could result in under- or overestimation of the number and nature of children’s dental services. Each survey’s methodology must be considered when accepting population-based estimates of dental service use to monitor progress in achieving national oral health goals.
Sexual Activity–Related Outcomes After Human Papillomavirus Vaccination of 11- to 12-Year-Olds
Authors: Bednarczyk Robert A. , Davis Robert , Ault Kevin , Orenstein Walter , Omer Saad B. 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE:
Previous surveys on hypothesized sexual activity changes after human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination may be subject to self-response biases. To date, no studies measured clinical markers of sexual activity after HPV vaccination. This study evaluated sexual activity–related clinical outcomes after adolescent vaccination.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing longitudinal electronic data from a large managed care organization. Girls enrolled in the managed care organization, aged 11 through 12 years between July 2006 and December 2007, were classified by adolescent vaccine (HPV; tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis, adsorbed; quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate) receipt. Outcomes (pregnancy/sexually transmitted infection testing or diagnosis; contraceptive counseling) were assessed through December 31, 2010, providing up to 3 years of follow-up. Incidence rate ratios comparing vaccination categories were estimated with multivariate Poisson regression, adjusting for health care–seeking behavior and demographic characteristics.

RESULTS:
The cohort included 1398 girls (493 HPV vaccine–exposed; 905 HPV vaccine–unexposed). Risk of the composite outcome (any pregnancy/sexually transmitted infection testing or diagnosis or contraceptive counseling) was not significantly elevated in HPV vaccine–exposed girls relative to HPV vaccine–unexposed girls (adjusted incidence rate ratio: 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92 to1.80; incidence rate difference: 1.6/100 person-years; 95% CI: −0.03 to 3.24). Incidence rate difference for Chlamydia infection (0.06/100 person-years [95% CI: −0.30 to 0.18]) and pregnancy diagnoses (0.07/100 person-years [95% CI: −0.20 to 0.35]), indicating little clinically meaningful absolute risk differences.

CONCLUSIONS:
HPV vaccination in the recommended ages was not associated with increased sexual activity–related outcome rates.