bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistopathological analyses of a case of pemphigus vegetans with antibodies against desmoglein 1 and desmocollins 1–3
Authors: Kimura Anri , Makino Teruhiko , Kitayama Shohei , Mizawa Megumi , Ishii Norito , Hashimoto Takashi , Shimizu Tadamichi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPemphigus vegetans is a rare type of pemphigus characterized by vegetative lesions primarily localized to the intertriginous area. Despite its unique clinical presentation, the underlying pathomechanism remains unclear owing to the rarity of the disease. We report a case of pemphigus vegetans with antibodies against desmoglein 1 and desmocollins 1–3. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses were performed to address the pathogenesis of this disease. A 73‐year‐old man presented with multiple vegetative plaques with erythema on the trunk, groins, and extremities. Mucosal lesions were not observed. Laboratory examinations revealed mild leukocytosis with eosinophilia. A histopathological examination of the skin lesion showed epidermal hyperplasia and intraepidermal abscesses with marked infiltration of neutrophils and eosinophils, and infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinophils into the upper derms. Bacterial culture of the skin tissue was positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposits of IgG and C3 on keratinocyte surfaces in the epidermis. Autoantibodies against desmoglein 1 and autoantibodies against desmocollin 1, desmocollin 2, and desmocollin 3 were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The diagnosis of pemphigus vegetans was made. Initiation of prednisolone (1.0 mg/kg/day) gradually improved his skin symptoms. We performed immunohistochemical analyses of the lesional skin, which revealed infiltration of CD3‐positive, CD4‐positive, and CD68‐positive cells in the upper dermis, but CD20‐ or CD56‐positive cells were negative. In addition, the present case showed more prominent infiltration of IL‐17A‐ and IL‐22‐positive cells in the upper dermis than in pemphigus foliaceus, a type of pemphigus with autoantibodies against desmoglein 1. Furthermore, these cells co‐expressed CD3 and CD68. We hypothesized that IL‐22 and IL‐17A produced by T cells and macrophages and their dysregulation might be involved in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vegetans. Additionally, skin colonization and/or infection with Staphylococcus aureus could potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Statins enhance extracellular release of hepatitis C virus particles through ERK5 activation
Authors: Aoki‐Utsubo Chie , Kameoka Masanori , Deng Lin , Hanafi Muhammad , Dewi Beti Ernawati , Sudarmono Pratiwi , Wakita Takaji , Hotta Hak 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStatins, such as lovastatin, have been known to inhibit 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG‐CoA) reductase. Statins were reported to moderately suppress hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication in cultured cells harboring HCV RNA replicons. We report here using an HCV cell culture (HCVcc) system that high concentrations of lovastatin (5–20 μg/mL) markedly enhanced the release of HCV infectious particles (virion) in the culture supernatants by up to 40 times, without enhancing HCV RNA replication, HCV protein synthesis, or HCV virion assembly in the cells. We also found that lovastatin increased the phosphorylation (activation) level of extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) in both the infected and uninfected cells in a dose‐dependent manner. The lovastatin‐mediated increase of HCV virion release was partially reversed by selective ERK5 inhibitors, BIX02189 and XMD8‐92, or by ERK5 knockdown using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Moreover, we demonstrated that other cholesterol‐lowering statins, but not dehydrolovastatin that is incapable of inhibiting HMG‐CoA reductase and activating ERK5, enhanced HCV virion release to the same extent as observed with lovastatin. These results collectively suggest that statins markedly enhance HCV virion release from infected cells through HMG‐CoA reductase inhibition and ERK5 activation.
Canopy facilitation outweighs elemental allelopathy in a metalliferous system during an exceptionally dry year
Authors: Randé Hugo , Michalet Richard , Nemer David , Delerue Florian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The elemental allelopathy hypothesis states that the metal‐rich litter of hyper‐accumulating species may have a detrimental impact on neighbouring plants giving a competitive advantage to hyper‐accumulators. Here, we aim to specify the conditions of application of this hypothesis in realistic field conditions, and its relative importance compared to other positive effects found in metalliferous systems.

We disentangled the litter‐induced elemental allelopathy and canopy effects of two metallophyte species (Arenaria multicaulis and Hutchinsia alpina) with different levels of leaf Zn and Cd accumulation on two ecotypes of Agrostis capillaris with different levels of metal tolerance. The experiment was conducted in two habitats with contrasting pollution levels in a former mining valley in the Pyrenees (France).

The metallophyte species that accumulates more metals (Hutchinsia alpina) showed a strong elemental allelopathy effect on the target with lower metal tolerance in the habitat with lower pollution level, while the metallophyte species that accumulates less metals (Arenaria multicaulis) had no litter effect. Both metallophyte species had positive canopy effects likely due to improvement of micro‐climatic conditions. The drought that occurred during the experiment may have influenced these canopy effects, increasing their importance during the course of the study. For Hutchinsia alpina, the positive canopy effects were stronger than the negative litter effects, resulting in overall positive effects on both target ecotypes.

Synthesis. Our results brought a better understanding of the occurrence of elemental allelopathy in metallophyte communities and its relative importance as compared to micro‐climatic facilitation in a global warming context.
Twenty‐three years of PCR‐based seafood authentication assay development: What have we learned?
Authors: Singh Maleeka , Young Robert G. , Hellberg Rosalee S. , Hanner Robert H. , Corradini Maria G. , Farber Jeffrey M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSeafood is a prime target for fraudulent activities due to the complexity of its supply chain, high demand, and difficult discrimination among species once morphological characteristics are removed. Instances of seafood fraud are expected to increase due to growing demand. This manuscript reviews the application of DNA‐based methods for commercial fish authentication and identification from 2000 to 2023. It explores (1) the most common types of commercial fish used in assay development, (2) the type of method used, (3) the gene region most often targeted, (4) provides a case study of currently published assays or primer‐probe pairs used for DNA amplification, for specificity, and (5) makes recommendations for ensuring standardized assay‐based reporting for future studies. A total of 313 original assays for the detection and authentication of commercial fish species from 191 primary articles published over the last 23 years were examined. The most explored DNA‐based method was real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), followed by DNA sequencing. The most targeted gene regions were cytb (cytochrome b) and COI (cytochrome c oxidase 1). Tuna was the most targeted commercial fish species. A case study of published tuna assays (n = 19) targeting the cytb region found that most assays were not species‐specific through in silico testing. This was conducted by examining the primer mismatch for each assay using multiple sequence alignment. Therefore, there is need for more standardized DNA‐based assay reporting in the literature to ensure specificity, reproducibility, and reliability of results. Factors, such as cost, sensitivity, quality of the DNA, and species, should be considered when designing assays.
Evaluating the IL‐6 Family of Cytokines Throughout Equine Gestation
Authors: Fedorka Carleigh E. , Scoggin Kirsten E. , El‐Sheikh Ali Hossam , Troedsson Mats H. T. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe interleukin (IL)‐6 family of cytokines is grouped by a common receptor subunit (gp130), but functions in distinct but overlapping physiological activities, including regulation of acute phase reaction and the balance between effector and regulatory T cell populations—both of which play a role in successful pregnancy maturation.MethodsHere, we aim to assess the expression profiles of members of the IL‐6 cytokine family throughout equine gestation. To do so, RNA Sequencing was performed on chorioallantois and endometrium of mares at 120, 180, 300, and 330 days of gestation (n = 4/stage), as well as 45‐day chorioallantois (n = 4) and diestrus endometrium (n = 3). Expression levels of members of the IL‐6 cytokine family including ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotrophin 1 (CT‐1), cardiotrophin‐like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1), galectin‐10, oncostatin M (OSM), and IL‐6, ‐11, and ‐27 were evaluated in addition to the receptors for IL‐6 (IL‐6R) and the common receptor subunit gp130. Additionally, peripheral concentration of IL‐6 was assessed.ResultsIn the chorioallantois, differential expression of IL‐6, IL‐11, CNTF, CLCF1, OSM, and CT‐1 was noted. In the endometrium, the gestational age of pregnancy impacted the expression of IL‐11, CNTF, and CT‐1. Circulatory IL‐6 concentrations reached their highest concentrations at 120 days, with lesser concentrations noted at 45, 180, 300, and 330 days. Both IL‐6R and gp130 altered in expression throughout equine gestation.ConclusionIn conclusion, members of the IL‐6 cytokine family appear to fluctuate constantly throughout equine pregnancy, with varying expression profiles noted when comparing individual members. Additionally, different expression profiles were noted when comparing chorioallantois, endometrium, and circulation, indicating that the function of the cytokine is tissue‐specific.
IL‐10‐modulated dendritic cells from birch pollen‐ and hazelnut‐allergic patients facilitate Treg‐mediated allergen‐specific and cross‐reactive tolerance
Authors: Heinl Patricia Vanessa , Graulich Edith , Weigmann Benno , Wangorsch Andrea , Ose Robert , Bellinghausen Iris , Khatri Rahul , Raker Verena K. , Scheurer Stephan , Vieths Stefan , Saloga Joachim , Steinbrink Kerstin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 70% of individuals allergic to birch pollen (Bet v 1.01 [Bet]) develop a secondary food allergy (e.g., hazelnut: Cor a 1.04 [Cor]), due to allergen cross‐reactivity. However, standard immunotherapy for type I allergies often does not improve the food allergy sufficiently. We analyzed the allergen‐specific and cross‐reactive suppressive capacity of primary human regulatory T cells (Treg) induced by autologous IL‐10‐modulated dendritic cells (IL‐10 DC) in vitro and in vivo.MethodsCD4+ T cells of patients with birch pollen and associated hazelnut allergies were differentiated into Bet‐specific or non‐specific induced Treg (iTreg). After Bet‐ or Cor‐specific restimulation the phenotype, proliferation, and suppressive capacity of iTreg subsets were analyzed. iTreg function was further investigated in humanized mouse models of airway and intestinal allergy, generated by engraftment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from allergic donors into immunodeficient animals.ResultsAfter IL‐10 DC priming and allergen‐specific restimulation (Bet or Cor), non‐specific control iTreg remained anergic, whereas Bet‐specific iTreg proliferated extensively and exhibited a regulatory phenotype (enhanced expression of CTLA‐4, PD‐1, TNFR2, IL‐10). Accordingly, activated Bet‐specific iTreg displayed a high capacity to suppress Bet‐ and Cor‐induced responder Th2 cell responses in vitro, indicating induction of both allergen‐specific (birch) and cross‐reactive tolerance (hazelnut). In vivo, the beneficial effect of Bet‐specific iTreg was verified in humanized mouse models of allergic airway and intestinal inflammation, resulting in reduced allergen‐induced clinical symptoms, and immune responses.ConclusionHuman IL‐10 DC‐induced iTreg facilitate allergen‐specific and cross‐reactive tolerance. Therefore, they are potential candidates for regulatory cell therapy in allergic and autoimmune diseases.
Uncomplicated appendicitis at Herat Regional Hospital: limited resource is not always the end of the world
Authors: Azimi Ezmary , Fazli Mohammad Rafi , Price Neil , Wahidi Hania 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute appendicitis is the most common aetiology of acute abdomen in children. Our aim is to describe the accuracy of diagnosis, and complications in a limited resources setting in children between 5 and 14 years old at the only tertiary referral hospital in the West region of Afghanistan.MethodsA retrospective study for a period of 1 year (21 March 2015–20 March 2016). Data was collected from patients' files. Data were analysed by epi info 7.ResultsWe identified 774 children who had appendectomies at Herat Regional Hospital during the study period with complete records available for analysis. The median age was 11 years [5–14]. The rate of positive appendectomy was 87%. 72% of appendectomies were done within 24 h of the onset of symptoms. Of 675 positive appendectomies, the most common clinical features were migratory abdominal pain (90%), nausea/vomiting (80%), RLQ tenderness (90%), and rebound tenderness (81%). Among the 99 negative appendectomies, the most common signs and symptoms were anorexia 68%, nausea/vomiting 59%, RLQ tenderness 79%, and rebound tenderness 43%. 98% of positive and 71% of negative appendectomies had elevated WBC count. Post appendectomy complications occurred in 9% of our patients mostly commonly intra‐abdominal abscesses (5%).ConclusionAlthough the diagnosis of acute appendicitis is challenging in children and may involve sophisticated imaging techniques, in many settings these are unavailable. Classical manifestations such as migratory abdominal pain, abdominal tenderness, nausea, and simple lab tests play a crucial role in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in low resource environments.
How climate change and modern slavery interact in the supply chain: A conceptual model development through a systemic review
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Lotfi Maryam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite growing recognition of the interconnectedness between climate change and modern slavery within supply chains, these issues are often studied in isolation, leading to a fragmented understanding of their relationship. This research aims to bridge this gap by investigating the key factors in supply chains that influence both climate change and modern slavery and how interactions among supply chain stakeholders impact the relationship between them. Utilising the PRISMA literature review method, we systematically reviewed 56 articles to identify the underlying mechanisms and stakeholders' interactions that influence the dynamics between climate change and modern slavery in supply chains. Our findings culminate in a conceptual model that delineates 11 factors bi‐directionally impacting both climate change and modern slavery. These factors include social (migration, violent conflict, and war as well as tradition and culture), environmental (deforestation, soil erosion, disruption of protected area, extreme weather, and resource) and economic (liabilities, employment, education, and pandemic). Furthermore, it highlights how stakeholder interactions at the government, NGO, supplier, focal firm, worker, and consumer levels impact this relationship. Finally, the model underscores the potential of technology adoption, sustainable development strategies, and stakeholder engagement and collaboration as levers to positively influence the relationship between climate change and modern slavery in supply chains.
How does leader self‐sacrifice lead to employees' unethical pro‐organizational behavior? A moderated mediation model
Authors: Ji Hao , Mo Shenjiang , Su Yi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrior research on leader self‐sacrifice mainly demonstrates its positive role, while less attention has been paid to its potential negative consequences in the workplace. Based on social exchange theory, this study examines how and when leader self‐sacrifice may lead to employees' unethical pro‐organizational behavior (UPB). We tested our hypotheses with three‐wave data gathered from 570 employees. Results showed that leader self‐sacrifice indirectly promoted UPB via leader–member exchange (LMX). Moreover, employees' desire to see themselves in a positive light (i.e., self‐enhancement motives) moderated this indirect relationship, such that the indirect effect was less salient when employees had higher self‐enhancement motives. We discuss this study's implications for the research on leader self‐sacrifice as well as those for practitioners seeking to avoid the potential dangers of positive leadership behavior.
A technology‐enabled framework for stakeholder engagement in a destination management system: Evidence from DMS Puglia
Authors: Buonincontri Piera , Micera Roberto , Papaluca Ornella 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn tourism, the presence of different stakeholders, sometimes with conflicting interests, requires a clear understanding of how to manage and engage them effectively. Despite the importance of this topic, tourism studies lack a univocal framework for destinations aiming to develop a destination management system (DMS) focused on empowering stakeholder engagement. To fill this gap, this study aims to identify the key dimensions that can strengthen stakeholder engagement in the tourism sector. Particular attention is given to the role of technology in mediating relationships among DMS participants and to the role of ‘intermediary’ stakeholders in facilitating collaboration and engagement. By adopting a cross‐disciplinary approach that integrates stakeholder theory, stakeholder engagement and destination management, and by examining a case study of an Italian best practice, DMS Puglia, a technology‐enabled framework for stakeholder engagement in a DMS was elaborated. This study contributes to the advancement of the literature on stakeholder engagement in tourism by demonstrating that the structure and composition of a DMS, and the communication methods it enables, along with the role of the destination management organisation and the preparedness of stakeholders to participate in a DMS, significantly influence stakeholder engagement and can strengthen relationships among participants in a technologically advanced tourism system. This study also provides directions to stakeholder bridges about how to effectively improve stakeholder engagement through technology‐focused tools and strategies.
Mapping business ethics and society: A systematic journey into research and way forward
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Kumar Sachin , Chaudhuri Ranjan , Chatterjee Sheshadri , Vrontis Demetris 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile the notion of business ethics has historical roots, previous research endeavours have refrained from consolidating the existing body of knowledge on the intersection of business ethics and society. This hesitance is attributed to the intricate and diverse nature of such studies. Thus, there is a gap in the literature on synthesizing the intimate relationship between business ethics and society. This gap in research serves as the impetus and motivation for the current investigation. However, limited empirical studies are found to have been conducted in the allied areas and there are limited studies that map business ethics and society in an extensive manner. In this context, this study systematically reviewed 87 scholarly works spanning a period of over 20 years in the realm of business ethics concerning society by considering articles included in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Through the outcomes of this inquiry, an integrative and comprehensive framework detailing the interplay between business ethics and society at individual and organizational levels is introduced, with the potential to guide forthcoming scholars and practitioners in their pursuits. In this study, themes including employees' ethical behaviour, manufacturing strategy and ethics, leadership dynamics, consumer trust and so on have not been considered as critical societal dimensions that have not been included.
Aligning spatial ecological theory with the study of clonal organisms: the case of fungal coexistence
Authors: Bielčik Miloš , Schlägel Ulrike E. , Schäfer Merlin , Aguilar‐Trigueros Carlos A. , Lakovic Milica , Sosa‐Hernández Moisés A. , Hammer Edith C. , Jeltsch Florian , Rillig Matthias C. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTEstablished ecological theory has focused on unitary organisms, and thus its concepts have matured into a form that often hinders rather than facilitates the ecological study of modular organisms. Here, we use the example of filamentous fungi to develop concepts that enable integration of non‐unitary (modular) organisms into the established community ecology theory, with particular focus on its spatial aspects. In doing so, we provide a link between fungal community ecology and modern coexistence theory (MCT). We first show how community processes and predictions made by MCT can be used to define meaningful scales in fungal ecology. This leads to the novel concept of the unit of community interactions (UCI), a promising conceptual tool for applying MCT to communities of modular organisms with indeterminate clonal growth and hierarchical individuality. We outline plausible coexistence mechanisms structuring fungal communities, and show at what spatial scales and in what habitats they are most likely to act. We end by describing challenges and opportunities for empirical and theoretical research in fungal competitive coexistence.
Streets ahead: Neighborhood safety and active outdoor play in early childhood using a nationally representative sample of 5‐year‐olds
Authors: Egan Suzanne M. , Pope Jennifer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing data from a nationally representative sample of 5‐year‐olds in the Growing Up in Ireland study (N = 9001, 51% male), this research investigated the role of factors in the neighborhood environment on levels of active outdoor play in young children. Primary caregivers (98% mothers; 81% Irish) responded to questions regarding their child's levels of active outdoor play (e.g., chasing) and their perceptions of their neighborhood (e.g., social cohesion and antisocial behavior). Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that levels of active outdoor play were associated with parental perceptions of neighborhood safety and traffic levels, even after other factors were controlled for (i.e., family income). The results are discussed from a bioecological systems perspective. Implications for policy makers and parents are considered.