bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supplier Selection for Processes with Multiple Characteristics Based on Testing Capability Index Cpk
Authors: Pearn W. L. , Wu C. H. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Supplier selection is the problem which deals with comparing two processes and selecting a better one that has a higher process capability. In this article, the generalization CTpk index is employed to deal with this problem. The generalization CTpk index measures the overall yield for the processes with multiple independent quality characteristics. Based on the generalization CTpk index, a hypothesis testing with two phases is developed to determine whether or not new supplier is better. It allows one to select the supplier with better quality. A test statistic by division method and its corresponding sampling distribution are derived. For various process minimum requirements, magnitudes of the difference between the two processes, unequal sample sizes of two processes, and α-risk, the critical values of the tests are tabulated. An application example is presented to illustrate the practicality of the proposed approach. Practitioners can use the proposed method to make reliable decisions in supplier selection problem.
An Assessment of Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility with Multiple Characteristics
Authors: Wang Fu-Kwun 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Measurement system analysis plays an important role of many continuous improvement initiatives in the manufacturing industry. Measurement systems are commonly evaluated by performing a gauge repeatability and reproducibility (GRR) study. In some circumstances, manufacturing tests in a GRR study may have multiple characteristics with a multivariate normal distribution. To determine the preferred method for a GRR analysis, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and principal component analysis (PCA) are applied to data taken from two real cases. Three performance measures [precision to tolerance ratio (PTRM), the percentage of repeatability and reproducibility (%RRM), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNRM)] are used to evaluate the adequacy of the measurement process. The results show that the MANOVA method is suitable for a GRR study with multiple characteristics.
Evaluating Frictional Characteristics of Typical Wearing Course Mixtures in Louisiana
Authors: Wu Zhong , Yang Xiaoming , Lal Das Vivek , Mohammad Louay N. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
In this study, the frictional characteristics of a number of Louisiana wearing course mixtures were evaluated through a suite of laboratory tests. Aggregates of different levels of micro-textures were used in the mix design. Asphalt concrete slab samples were prepared using a kneading compactor and were accelerated polished using a three-wheel polishing device developed by the National Center of Asphalt Technology for simulating the traffic-polishing effect on the surface texture of the pavement. After different numbers of polishing cycles, the frictional characteristics of asphalt concrete slabs were evaluated using a dynamic friction tester (DFT) and a circular texture meter (CTM). A comprehensive statistical analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of aggregate type and mix type on the frictional characteristics of the asphalt concrete mixtures. The international friction index F(60) values (calculated from the DFT and the CTM test results) were used to characterize the overall frictional performance of the asphalt concrete mixtures considered. The experimental results showed that aggregates with higher levels of micro-texture generally performed significantly better than those with lower levels of micro-texture in the DFT test. The open grade friction course and stone matrix asphalt showed better macro-textures than the Superpave mixtures in the CTM tests. A statistical grouping based on the terminal F(60) values of different mixtures showed that it is possible to achieve the same level of F(60) using different combinations of mix and aggregate types. This study demonstrates that blending low- and high-friction aggregates together can possibly produce an asphalt mixture with adequate field skid resistance.
Development of a New Testing Procedure for Performing Tensile Tests on Specimens with Sub-Millimetre Dimensions
Authors: Rathmayr Georg B. , Bachmaier Andrea , Pippan Reinhard 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
A new method to conduct tensile tests with specimens ranging from a few millimetres down to 100 μm is presented. The tensile specimens are fabricated using a newly developed water-cooled circular grinding process that guarantees a high-accuracy geometry by keeping the fabrication-related material change to a minimum. Furthermore, the grinding tool is equipped with a mechanical polishing unit to make well-polished surfaces. Besides the specimen fabrication, the test setup is modified to allow a specimen related displacement measurement. This image-based system does not require any additional specimen markings and enables the evaluation of true stress, true strain, and the reduction in area. The whole method is successfully demonstrated for different types of metals ranging from ductile nickel to very brittle tungsten. In addition to the quality of the tensile test in this specimen size range, another advantage is the enormous reduced time for specimen fabrication and testing.
Accelerated Slam Testing of Vehicle Door Plate Module Using Vibration Exciter
Authors: Kim Chan-Jung , Lee Bong-Hyun , June Kang Yeon 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Slam testing is an important test for evaluating the fatigue resistance of a door plate module prior to its delivery to the car manufacturer. In such testing, one experimental specimen is subjected to more than 8 days of continuous testing. In this paper, a vibration testing method is proposed that is intended to replace the conventional swing-type slam testing of a door plate module. The method is based on the concept of duplicating the same failure mode at the clamping part of the glass in a door, where the stress is concentrated. After a review of the feasibility test performed with a multi-axial vibration simulator, a similarity test for a door module was developed that uses a uni-axial vibration exciter that required the door glass to be exposed to a critical spectrum of vibration for less than 2 h. The validity of the proposed testing method was demonstrated by comparing the failure modes of both the conventional and the proposed slam tests.
A Solution for Estimating the Tensile Yield Strength From Small Specimens
Authors: Mak Jonathan , Wei Tao , Wuhrer Richard , Yeung Wing , Heness Greg , Di Zhang 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The small punch test is an innovative test that utilises small disc-shaped specimens to assess the mechanical behaviour of materials. The main advantage is the relatively small specimen size. In this article, a modified analytical solution for the small punch maximum bend strength is proposed that is based on classical plate theory. A clear linear relationship is observed between the tensile yield strength σYS and the small punch maximum bend strength σy for both alloys and metal matrix composites.
Monitoring of Vertical Movement in a Four-Story Wood-Frame Building in Coastal British Columbia
Authors: Wang Jieying , Ni Chun , Mustapha Gamal 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Vertical movement and lumber moisture content (MC) were monitored during the construction of a four-story wood frame residential building in the winter of 2010–2011 in coastal British Columbia, Canada. The work was part of a long-term study to assemble field performance information and validate movement prediction methods to assist in the design of five- and six-story wood frame buildings. The MC readings of dimensional lumber generally remained around 20 % on average before the building was completely protected from rain with its roof and wall sheathing membrane under rainy construction conditions. With the data collection started when the roof sheathing was installed and continued into occupancy of the building, the vertical movement was found to occur during the process of wood drying and the installation of non-structural elements such as drywall and cladding etc., which increased the local loads. The total movement amount, contributed by wood shrinkage, gap closure (settlement), and other factors, reached about 34 mm at an exterior wall, 43 mm at an interior hallway shear wall, and 45 mm at an interior partition wall, after a total monitoring period of 17 months. These values were fairly comparable to the values predicted from wood shrinkage alone for this building.
Recombination-Induced Tag Exchange (RITE) Cassette Series to Monitor Protein Dynamics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Terweij Marit , van Welsem Tibor , van Deventer Sjoerd , Verzijlbergen Kitty F , Menendez-Benito Victoria , Ontoso David , San-Segundo Pedro , Neefjes Jacques , van Leeuwen Fred 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Proteins are not static entities. They are highly mobile, and their steady-state levels are achieved by a balance between ongoing synthesis and degradation. The dynamic properties of a protein can have important consequences for its function. For example, when a protein is degraded and replaced by a newly synthesized one, posttranslational modifications are lost and need to be reincorporated in the new molecules. Protein stability and mobility are also relevant for the duplication of macromolecular structures or organelles, which involves coordination of protein inheritance with the synthesis and assembly of newly synthesized proteins. To measure protein dynamics, we recently developed a genetic pulse-chase assay called recombination-induced tag exchange (RITE). RITE has been successfully used in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to measure turnover and inheritance of histone proteins, to study changes in posttranslational modifications on aging proteins, and to visualize the spatiotemporal inheritance of protein complexes and organelles in dividing cells. Here we describe a series of successful RITE cassettes that are designed for biochemical analyses, genomics studies, as well as single cell fluorescence applications. Importantly, the genetic nature and the stability of the tag switch offer the unique possibility to combine RITE with high-throughput screening for protein dynamics mutants and mechanisms. The RITE cassettes are widely applicable, modular by design, and can therefore be easily adapted for use in other cell types or organisms.
Growth of Self Organized Eutectic Fibers from LiF─Rare Earth Fluoride Systems
Authors: Klimm Detlef , Acosta Maria F , dos Santos Ivanildo A , Ranieri Izilda M , Ganschow Steffen , Merino Rosa I 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTEutectic fibers consisting of an ordered arrangement of LiF fibrils inside a LiREF4 matrix (RE = Y, Gd) can be grown with the micro-pulling-down method at sufficiently large pulling rate exceeding 120 mm/h. The distance between individual fibrils could be scaled down to 1 µm at 300 mm/h pulling. LiF-LiYF4 has stronger tendency to form facetted eutectic colonies than LiF-LiGdF4, explained by the larger entropy of melting of the former.
Herbivore identity mediates the strength of trophic cascades on individual plants
Authors: van Veen F. J. F. , Sanders D. 
Published: May 2013

The strength of top‐down indirect effects of carnivores on plants (trophic cascades) varies greatly and may depend on the identity of the intermediate (herbivore) species. If the effect strength is linked to functional traits of the herbivores then this would allow for more general predictions. Due to the generally sub‐lethal effects of herbivory in terrestrial systems, trophic cascades manifest themselves in the first instance in the fitness of individual plants, affecting both their numerical and genetic contributions to the population.We directly compare the indirect predator effects on growth and reproductive output of individual Vicia faba plants mediated by the presence of two aphid species: Acyrtosiphon pisum is characterised by a boom and bust strategy whereby colonies grow fast and overexploit their host plant individual while Megoura viciae appear to follow a more prudent strategy that avoids over‐exploitation and death of the host plant. Plants in the field were infested with A. pisum, M. viciae or both and half the plants were protected from predators.Exposure to predators had a strong impact on the biomass of individual plants and the strength of this effect differed significantly between the different herbivore treatments. A. pisum had a greater direct impact on plants and this was coupled with a significantly stronger indirect predator effect on plant biomass. Although the direct impact of predators was strongest on M. viciae, this was not transmitted to the plant level, indicating that the predator‐prey interactions strength is not as important as the plant‐herbivore link for the magnitude of the indirect predator impact. At the individual plant level, the indirect predator effect was purely due to consumptive effects on herbivore densities with no evidence for increased herbivore dispersal in response to presence of predators.The nature of plant‐herbivore interactions is the key to terrestrial trophic cascade strength. The two herbivores that we compared were similar in feeding mode and body size but differed their way how they exploit host plants, which was the important trait explaining the strength of the trophic cascade.
Reply to the comments of Jean Philip on the paper entitled
Authors: Andreani Louis , Loget Nicolas , Rangin Claude , Le Pichon Xavier 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe reply to the comments of J. Philip regarding the structure of La Nerthe range (southern Provence, France) and the timing of the deformation. We first agree with J. Philip on the structural independence of La Nerthe and L’Etoile ranges. We then discuss the allochthonous and autochthonous models. The allochthonous model mainly relies on a reactivation of a N-verging thrust during the Oligocene. There are no evidences for a Middle Rupelian thrusting event and the interpretation of the Oligocene series in southern Provence area was entirely revised. J. Philip’s argumentation is solely based on the existence of steep dipping Rupelian limestones. However we demonstrate that they could be tilted along normal faults as it is the case in the Marseille basin. Recent works clearly show that the Oligocene Marseille and Saint-Pierre basins have a similar tectonic history resulting from two main extensional events. The last point debated by J. Philip is the age of the strike-slip faults. As it is pointed in our contribution the strike-slip fault planes cut folded strata and were reactivated during an extensional event. This strike-slip faulting event occurred between the latest stages of the main Bartonian compressional event and the beginning of the Early Rupelian extensional tectonics. As pointed by J. Philip the E-trending faults of Saint-Pierre basin acted as normal faults during the Oligocene. We however suggest that these faults were inherited from the Late Eocene strike-slip tectonics and reactivated during the Oligocene.
Ceftaroline fosamil use in hospitalized patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections: Budget impact analysis from a hospital perspective
Authors: Huang Xingyue , Beresford Eric , Lodise Thomas , Friedland H. David 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Purpose
The budgetary impact of adding ceftaroline fosamil to a hospital formulary for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) was evaluated.

Methods
A three-year hospital budget impact model was constructed with three initial treatment options for ABSSSIs: ceftaroline fosamil, vancomycin plus aztreonam, and other vancomycin-containing regimens. The target population was hospitalized adult patients with an ABSSSI. Clinical cure rates with initial treatment were assumed to be similar to those from ceftaroline fosamil clinical trials. Patients who did not respond to initial treatment were assumed to be treated successfully with second-line antimicrobial therapy. Length of stay and cost per hospital day (by success or failure with initial treatment) were estimated based on a large database from more than 100 U.S. hospitals. Other model inputs included the annual number of ABSSSI admissions, projected annual case growth rate, proportion of ABSSSI target population receiving vancomycin-containing regimen, expected proportion of ABSSSI target population to be treated with ceftaroline fosamil, drug acquisition cost, cost of antibiotic administration, and cost of vancomycin monitoring. Sensitivity analysis using 95% confidence limits of clinical cure rates was also performed.

Results
The estimated total cost of care for treating a patient with an ABSSSI was $395 lower with ceftaroline fosamil ($15,087 versus $15,482) compared with vancomycin plus aztreonam and $72 lower ($15,087 versus $15,159) compared with other vancomycin-containing regimens.

Conclusion
Model estimates indicated that adding ceftaroline fosamil to the hospital formulary would not have a negative effect on a hospital’s budget for ABSSSI treatment.
Short Sleep Duration Measured by Wrist Actimetry Is Associated With Deteriorated Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Borel Anne-Laure , Pépin Jean-Louis , Nasse Laure , Baguet Jean-Philippe , Netter Sophie , Benhamou Pierre-Yves 
Published: May 2013

OBJECTIVE
Sleep restriction has been associated with deteriorated insulin sensitivity. The effects of short sleep duration have been explored little in patients with type 1 diabetes. This study addresses the question of whether sleep curtailment affects HbA1c levels in patients with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Seventy-nine adult patients with type 1 diabetes (median age 40 years [IQR 23–49]; 47% men) were recruited to wear a wrist actimetry sensor during 3 consecutive days to assess mean sleep duration during normal daily life. A subsample of 37 patients also performed 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Medical history, sleep questionnaires, and diabetes-related quality of life (DQOL) were assessed.

RESULTS
Patients having shorter sleep duration—less than 6.5 h (n = 21)—had higher levels of HbA1c (P = 0.01) than patients with longer sleep duration, above 6.5 h (n = 58). In a multivariable regression model including shorter versus longer sleep duration, diabetes duration, DQOL score, and daily activity, sleep duration was the only variable independently associated with HbA1c (R2 = 10%). In patients who performed 24-h ABPM, patients with a nondipping pattern of blood pressure exhibited shorter sleep duration than patients with a dipping pattern of blood pressure.

CONCLUSIONS
Shorter sleep duration is associated with higher HbA1c levels in patients with type 1 diabetes, as well as with a nondipping pattern of blood pressure, anticipating a long-term deleterious impact on the risk of microvascular complications. Further studies should test whether extending the duration of sleep may improve both HbA1c and blood pressure in type 1 diabetes.
Influence of Immediate Dentin Sealing Techniques on Cuspal Deflection and Fracture Resistance of Teeth Restored with Composite Resin Inlays
Authors: Oliveira L , Mota EG , Borges GA , Burnett LH , Spohr AM 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARY
This research evaluated the influence of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) techniques on cuspal deflection and fracture resistance of teeth restored with composite resin inlays. Forty-eight maxillary premolars were divided into four groups: G1, sound teeth (control); G2, without IDS; G3, IDS with Clearfil SE Bond (CSE); and G4, IDS with CSE and Protect Liner F. The teeth from groups 2, 3, and 4 received mesio-distal-occlusal preparations. The impressions were made with vinyl polysiloxane, followed by provisional restoration and storage in water for seven days. The impressions were poured using type IV die stone, and inlays with Filtek Z250 composite resin were built over each cast. The inlays were luted with Panavia F. After storage in water for 72 hours, a 200-N load was applied on the occlusal surface using a metal sphere connected to a universal testing machine, and the cuspal deflection was measured with a micrometer. The specimens were then submitted to an axial load until failure. The following mean cuspal deflection (μm) and mean fracture resistance (N) followed by the same lowercase letter represent no statistical difference by analysis of variance and Tukey (p&lt;0.05): cuspal deflection: G1, 3.1 ± 1.5a; G2, 10.3 ± 4.6b; G3, 5.5 ± 1.8ac; and G4, 7.7 ± 5.1bc; fracture resistance: G1, 1974 ± 708a; G2, 1162 ± 474b; G3, 700 ± 280b; and G4, 810 ± 343b. IDS with CSE allowed cuspal deflection comparable with that associated with sound teeth. The application of Protect Liner F did not contribute to a decrease in cuspal deflection. The IDS techniques did not influence the fracture resistance of teeth.
Accelerometric comparison of the locomotor pattern of horses sedated with xylazine hydrochloride, detomidine hydrochloride, or romifidine hydrochloride
Authors: López-Sanromán F. Javier , Holmbak-Petersen Ronald , Varela Marta , del Alamo Ana M. , Santiago Isabel 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the duration of effects on movement patterns of horses after sedation with equipotent doses of xylazine hydrochloride, detomidine hydrochloride, or romifidine hydrochloride and determine whether accelerometry can be used to quantify differences among drug treatments.
Animals—6 healthy horses.
Procedures—Each horse was injected IV with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (10 mL), xylazine diluted in saline solution (0.5 mg/kg), detomidine diluted in saline solution (0.01 mg/kg), or romifidine diluted in saline solution (0.04 mg/kg) in random order. A triaxial accelerometric device was used for gait assessment 15 minutes before and 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 minutes after each treatment. Eight variables were calculated, including speed, stride frequency, stride length, regularity, dorsoventral power, propulsive power, mediolateral power, and total power; the force of acceleration and 3 components of power were then calculated.
Results—Significant differences were evident in stride frequency and regularity between treatments with saline solution and each α2-adrenoceptor agonist drug; in speed, dorsoventral power, propulsive power, total power, and force values between treatments with saline solution and detomidine or romifidine; and in mediolateral power between treatments with saline solution and detomidine. Stride length did not differ among treatments.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Accelerometric evaluation of horses administered α2-adrenoceptor agonist drugs revealed more prolonged sedative effects of romifidine, compared with effects of xylazine or detomidine. Accelerometry could be useful in assessing the effects of other sedatives and analgesics. Accelerometric data may be helpful in drug selection for situations in which a horse's balance and coordination are important.