bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weighted multilinear Hardy operators and commutators
Authors: Fu Zun Wei , Gong Shu Li , Lu Shan Zhen , Yuan Wen 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a type of
weighted multilinear Hardy operators
and obtain their sharp bounds on the product of Lebesgue spaces and central Morrey spaces.
In addition, we obtain sufficient and necessary conditions of the weight functions
so that the commutators of
the weighted multilinear Hardy operators (with symbols in
central BMO space) are bounded on the product of central Morrey spaces.
These results are further used to
prove sharp estimates of some inequalities due to Riemann–Liouville and Weyl.
Gender differences in early trauma and high-risk behaviors among street-entrenched youth in British Columbia
Authors: Saddichha Sahoo , Torchalla Iris , Krausz Michael Reinhardt 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Objective: This work aimed to evaluate gender differences among the street-entrenched youth in British Columbia in terms of their demographics, experiences of childhood maltreatment, mental health issues, and substance use behaviors.
Materials and methods: Data were derived from the BC Health of the Homeless Study (BCHOHS), carried out in three cities in British Columbia, Canada. Measures included socio-demographic information, the Maudsley Addiction Profile (MAP), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) Plus and the National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients (NSHAPC)-Health Chapter.
Results: Youth constituted 16.5% (n=82) of the homeless population. Females (55%) outnumbered males and engaged in survival sex more frequently (17.8%; p=0.03). Males had greater substance abuse of alcohol (81.1%) and cannabis (89.2%). Depression (p=0.02) and psychosis (p=0.05) were more common among females, while panic disorder was more common among males (p=0.04). Rates of childhood trauma were similar across genders.
Conclusion: Our findings reflect trends among youth where illicit drug use may be similar among genders while males may report increased alcohol and cannabis use, possibly as a means to self medicate their panic-related symptoms. In any case, this population of street entrenched-youth frequently experiences several significant problems ranging from childhood abuse to high rates of substance abuse and mental illnesses.
Prevalence of health behaviors and their associated factors among a sample of university students in India
Authors: Peltzer Karl , Pengpid Supa , Mohan Krishna 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Objective: With advances in knowledge about health promotion, public health professionals are in search for the determinants of personal health behaviors. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of health behaviors and its associated factors in a sample of Indian university students.
Materials and methods: Using a cross-sectional survey, we assessed health behavior among a sample of randomly selected university students. The sample included 800 university students from non-health (mainly engineering and sciences) undergraduate courses of Gitam University, Visakhapatnam in India. The students were 541 (67.6%) males and 259 (32.4%) females in the age range of 17–20 years (Median age=18.2 years, SD=1.0).
Results: On average, students engaged in 15.8 out of 25 health behavior practices. There was a high rate of overweight and obesity (26.8% and 10.7%, respectively), low rate of brushing teeth at least twice a day (28.6%), annual dental check-up (25.8%), habitual seatbelt use (23%), and poor dietary patterns (79% ate less than the recommended fruit and vegetable consumption of five servings a day, and 68.5% did not avoid eating fat and cholesterol). In multivariate analysis among men, personal constraints (Odds Ratio=OR 1.75, Confidence Interval=CI 1.09–2.82), health benefits (OR=2.01, CI=1.27–3.17), and not suffering from depression (OR=0.60, CI=0.22–0.94) were associated with the health behavior index. Among women, those who were living away from their parents or guardians (OR=1.94, CI=1.06–3.55), economically better off (OR=2.16, CI=1.00–4.63), and had higher social support (OR=3.65, CI=1.75–7.63), were associated with the health behavior index.
Discussion: Students had a high proportion of health behavior practices. Several high health risk practices were identified, including overweight, poor dental practices, poor dietary and sleeping habits. It is hoped that the gender-specific predictors identified, including sociodemographics as well as social and mental health variables, can also be utilized in designing health promotion programs.
Influence of the Photoreactor Configuration and of Different Light Sources in the Photocatalytic Treatment of Highly Polluted Wastewater
Authors: Vaiano Vincenzo , Sacco Olga , Stoller Marco , Chianese Angelo , Ciambelli Paolo , Sannino Diana 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In this study, a highly polluted wastewater from tannery industry is treated by photocatalysis using home-made N-doped TiO2 as catalyst. The doping by nitrogen of titania particles leads to a reduction in the absorption threshold from 3.2 to 2.5 eV, permitting the absorption of radiation characterized by a wavelength in the visible spectrum.Experiments were carried out by using different light sources, in particular white LEDs, blue LEDs, and UV lamps, with the aim to evaluate the process efficiency at different operating conditions. The obtained performances were compared with those using an undoped commercial TiO2 catalyst (Degussa P25).Moreover, a simplified mathematical model capable to correlate the power input of the used light sources, the geometrical properties of the reactor, and emitting sources spectra with the performances of the photocatalytic reaction was developed.
Multiphase High-Frequency Isolated DC–DC Converter for Industrial Applications
Authors: Maurya Rakesh , Srivastava S. P. , Agarwal Pramod 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Industrial applications such as welding, plasma cutting, and surface hardening require a large DC current at low voltage. In such applications, the rating of power supply varies from few kilowatts to hundreds of kilowatts. The power supply employs in such applications particularly in arc welding process is expected to operate from open-circuit (no-load) to short-circuit (when the electrode sticks to the workpiece for a short span of time) quickly. In this paper, high-frequency isolated multiphase DC–DC converter is proposed which is well suited for aforementioned applications. Based on mathematical analysis, a simulation study with 5 kW, 5 V/1,000 A proposed model is carried out using Simulink block set and Sim Power System tool box and its performances are evaluated under symmetrical control methods. To verify the simulation results, scaled prototype model of rating 1.5 V/100 A is developed and tested with aforementioned control method under different operating conditions. In comparison with conventional welding power supply employed in many industries, the performance of proposed converter is improved significantly in terms of size and weight, efficiency and dynamic response.
Investigation on Swirling Gas-particle Hydrodynamics Using an Improved Momentum Transfer Coefficient
Authors: Li Guohui , Liu Yang , Liu Jian 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Based on the Wen's 1966 empirical momentum transfer coefficient relation of gas-particle two-phase turbulent flows, a new model to make up for the discontinuous characteristics is developed using a three-stage continuous function with switch weight function. Incorporated into the kinetic theory of granular flows to consider particle collisions and the unified second-order moment two phase turbulent model, it is utilized to predict the hydrodynamics of swirl gas-particle turbulent flows and the validation from the experimental measurements by Sommerfeld and Qiu 1991 is also carried out as well. Numerical simulated results showed that the prediction results by this model are well in agreements with experimental results. The particle dispersion distributions have the distinctively anisotropic behaviors due to complicated effects of centrifugal force, turbulent diffusion and particle inertia, which are quietly different from gas flows. Meanwhile, distributions of axial-axial particle-gas correlated velocity fluctuation is always greater than axial-tangential particle-gas and the tangential-tangential particle-gas velocity fluctuation is also greater than tangential-axial particle-gas phase. At the stronger shear and the vortex flow regions, its results agreed with experiments are much better than Wen's model.
Recent advances in the analysis of nanotube-reinforced polymeric biomaterials
Authors: Reddy J.N. , Unnikrishnan Vinu U. , Unnikrishnan Ginu U. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractConventional experimental or computational techniques are often inadequate for the analysis and development of nanocomposite-based materials as they are tedious (e.g., experimental methods) or are unsuitable to capture the properties of these novel materials (e.g., conventional computational techniques), thereby requiring multiscale computational strategies. During the last 5 years, major developments were made by the authors on the formulation and implementation of multiscale computational models, using atomistic simulation and micro-mechanics-based techniques, to study the mechanical and thermal behavior of nanocomposite-based materials. In this article, the advances made in the computational analysis of nanocomposites for tissue engineering applications (e.g., scaffolds and bioreactors) would be discussed. The material properties of the nanocomposites in the lower scales were determined using molecular dynamics, and were then transferred to the macroscale using various homogenization techniques. Also in this article, the authors discuss the development of a theory of mixture-based finite element model for nutrient flow in a hollow fiber membrane bioreactor and the use of computational tools to improve the efficiency of the bioreactor.
Wedge disclination dipole in an embedded nanowire within the surface/interface elasticity
Authors: Shodja Hossein M. , Rezazadeh-Kalehbasti Shaghayegh , Gutkin Mikhail Yu 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe elastic behavior of an arbitrary oriented wedge disclination dipole located inside a nanowire, which in turn is embedded in an infinite matrix, is studied within the surface/interface theory of elasticity. The corresponding boundary value problem is provided using complex potential functions. The potential functions are defined through modeling the wedge disclination in terms of an equivalent distribution of edge dislocations. The interface effects on the stress field and strain energy of the disclination dipole and image forces acting on it, the influence of relative shear moduli of the nanowire and the matrix, as well as the different characteristics of the interface are studied thoroughly. It is shown that the positive interface modulus leads to increased strain energy and extra repulsive forces on the disclination dipole. The noticeable effect of the negative interface modulus is the non-classical oscillations in the stress field of the disclination dipole and an extra attractive image force on it.
Gradient models in molecular biophysics: progress, challenges, opportunities
Authors: Bardhan Jaydeep P. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIn the interest of developing a bridge between researchers modeling materials and those modeling biological molecules, we survey recent progress in developing nonlocal-dielectric continuum models for studying the behavior of proteins and nucleic acids. As in other areas of science, continuum models are essential tools when atomistic simulations (e.g., molecular dynamics) are too expensive. Because biological molecules are essentially all nanoscale systems, the standard continuum model, involving local dielectric response, has basically always been dubious at best. The advanced continuum theories discussed here aim to remedy these shortcomings by adding nonlocal dielectric response. We begin by describing the central role of electrostatic interactions in biology at the molecular scale, and motivate the development of computationally tractable continuum models using applications in science and engineering. For context, we highlight some of the most important challenges that remain, and survey the diverse theoretical formalisms for their treatment, highlighting the rigorous statistical mechanics that support the use and improvement of continuum models. We then address the development and implementation of nonlocal dielectric models, an approach pioneered by Dogonadze, Kornyshev, and their collaborators almost 40 years ago. The simplest of these models is just a scalar form of gradient elasticity, and here we use ideas from gradient-based modeling to extend the electrostatic model to include additional length scales. The review concludes with a discussion of open questions for model development, highlighting the many opportunities for the materials community to leverage its physical, mathematical, and computational expertise to help solve one of the most challenging questions in molecular biology and biophysics.
Surface waves in homogenous visco-elastic media of higher order under the influence of surface stresses
Authors: Sethi Munish , Gupta K.C. , Rani Monika , Vasudeva A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe aim of the present paper is to investigate the surface waves in a homogeneous, isotropic, visco-elastic solid medium of nthorder, including time rate of strain under the influence of surface stresses. The theory of generalized surface waves is developed to investigate particular cases of waves such as the Stoneley, Rayleigh, and Love waves. Corresponding equations have been obtained for different cases. These are reduced to classical results, when the effects of surface stresses and viscosity are ignored.
Paare und Familien in der Anzeigenwerbung – eine interkulturelle Studie
Authors: Pittner Karin , Beaizak Mohamed 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWhereas the representation of women in advertisements has been intensively described and also the representation of men has found some attention during the last decade, couples and families have attracted less interest so far.The influential study by Goffman (1981) serves as a reference point in order to find out whether the representation of men and women has changed in the last decades in advertising in Western culture. It turns out that couples and families are often portrayed in a traditional way, but also the emancipation of women from their traditional role as mothers and housewives is reflected in German advertising.It becomes evident by a comparison with advertisements from journals in Arabic countries, that the representation of the sexes, of couples and families is subject to expectations and norms that are specific to the different cultures. Arabian advertising exhibits a broad range in that it may be completely standardized according to Western norms or is adapted in various degrees to the cultural norms of Arabic countries and Islamic values. While there is a smaller percentage of representations of couples in Arabic advertising, couples are more often portrayed together with children. This shows a close relationship between marriage and parenthood and the higher value of children in Arabic countries. Naked body parts and allusions to sexual relationships occur less often than in German advertising and also a lying body position is avoided. The higher social status of men is reflected in their position in the advertisements. In contrast to German advertising, women are more often represented in their traditional role as housewives and mothers.
Zur Kompetenzvermittlung in den Übersetzungslehrbüchern „Verstehen und Übersetzen“ und „Fertigkeit Übersetzen“
Authors: Ramolla Maria 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe aim of the present article is to analyse how translation competence is taught in the textbooks for self-study „Verstehen und Übersetzen. Ein Lehr- und Arbeitsbuch“ (Kußmaul 2010²) and „Fertigkeit Übersetzen. Ein Kurs zum Übersetzenlehren und -lernen“ (Nord 2010) as examples. The focal point of this analysis is the study of the contents of these textbooks, using the areas of competence defined in the EMT framework as point of reference. Moreover, the structure of the books, the use of elements of metacommunication, the choice of exercises and the objectives of the authors themselves are taken into account.
„… wo der Dollmetsch allzeit interpretirt.“
Authors: Reiter Clara 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe present article focuses on court interpreters at the Imperial court of Vienna, who were employed in the Habsburg Monarchy from the early 16th century until the end of the 19th century. Based on the methodological concepts of professional intercultures introduced by Anthony Pym the article discusses the question whether or not court interpreters formed a professional group at the court. Different aspects of their profession such as competencies, remuneration, duties, reputation and their place in the organization of the court are discussed. For the application of Anthony Pyms model it will be shown that two main components, time and the intern differentiation of the group, are necessary to apply the model on a professional group like the court interpreters that was a highly complex group characterized by strong changes throughout their existence.
Kollokationen in der Übersetzerausbildung: ein korpuslinguistischer Ansatz
Authors: Yepes Guadalupe Ruiz 
Published: January 2014

AbstractStudents usually learn very quickly to deal with pragmatic and cultural translation problems, but very frequently lapse into repeating linguistic translation errors. A considerable amount of these errors are related to the use of collocations. This paper focuses on how to solve translation problems related to collocations by using corpus search techniques. Firstly, it gives an insight into the achievements obtained by using corpus linguistics methods in the teaching of a foreign language and in the training of translators. Secondly, different definitions of collocations will be presented and the strengths and limitations of different methods for the extraction of collocations from corpora will be commented. To round off this article, different parallel and comparable corpora will be presented and some corpus-based and corpus-driven exercises with comparable and parallel corpora will be designed to solve translation problems related to collocations.
Die Übersetzung eines spanischen notariellen Dokuments: eine Fallstudie
Authors: Holl Iris , Elena Pilar 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAs is widely known, when translators immerse themselves in new specialized fields they need to acquire knowledge of the topic and textual structure, without which it would be virtually impossible to interpret the source text (ST) meaning correctly. This is why we believe that developing quick and efficient acquisition of new knowledge must be a priority of translator training. In what follows, we present a case study method applied to German-language Ehevertrag, i.e. prenuptial agreements, which are a very specific type of notarial document. The method is applied in four phases. During the first phase, an initial diagnosis of pre-existing knowledge is conducted, leading to a second stage of case description and examination of all possibilities and/or alternatives available for systematic documentation. Once all available new information has been selected and prioritized in what comprises the third stage of our method, possible conclusions are drawn and applied not only to the task of interpreting the ST but also to the fourth-stage task of planning strategies and techniques for translating the ST.
Kreativität im Translationsunterricht
Authors: Kempa Thomas 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis paper deals with the question how to use the creative resources of students in translation classes. It starts from the basic premise that every explicit concscious action, like formulating a translation, has its basis in implicit knowledge (cf. Joachim Renn, Übersetzungsverhältnisse). The explicitation of implicit knowledge always is an individual creative act which potentially differs (similar to Derrida’s differance) from every other act of translating the same item. By inducing the students to accept the fact of the creativity of human action the question of right and wrong in translation is relativized without abandoning a pragmatic grounding for the ensuing differing translations.
Parametric investigations on proton conducting membrane by radiation induced grafting of 4-vinylpyridine onto poly(vinylidene fluoride) and phosphoric acid doping
Authors: Shamsaei E. , Nasef M. M. , Saidi H. , Yahaya A. H. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Proton conducting membrane composed of grafted basic moiety doped with phosphoric acid (PA) was studied. The membrane
denoted as PVDF-g-4-VP/PA was prepared by radiation induced grafting of 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) onto poly(vinylidene fluoride)
(PVDF) films followed by doping with PA. The effect of grafting conditions on the degree of grafting (G%) was
investigated. The acid doping conditions (G%, time and PA concentration) were also investigated with respect to
doping level. The grafted precursors and the acid doped membranes were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared
(FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and field
emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The membranes showed a thermal stability up to a temperature of ∼ 160 ℃, above which they undergo a multi-step degradation pattern due to decomposition of the protonated
functions, poly(4VP) grafts and PVDF matrix, respectively. The proton conductivities of the membranes were found to increase
with the increase in G% ( doping level) and the temperature with a maximum proton conductivity of 62 mS cm−1
achieved at 100 ℃ without any humidification. The results of the present study show that the prepared membrane
has a potential to be proposed for operating polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell above 80 ℃.