bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The DBL Survey I: discovery of 34 double-lined double white dwarf binaries
Authors: Munday James , Pelisoli Ingrid , Tremblay P -E , Marsh T R , Nelemans Gijs , Bédard Antoine , Toonen Silvia , Breedt Elmé , Cunningham Tim , O’Brien Mairi W , Dawson Harry 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the first discoveries of the double-lined double white dwarf (DBL) survey that targets overluminous sources with respect to the canonical white dwarf cooling sequence according to a set of well-defined criteria. The primary goal of the DBL survey is to identify compact double white dwarf binary star systems from a unique spectral detection of both stars, which then enables a precise quantification of the atmospheric parameters and radial velocity variability of a system. Our search of 117 candidates that were randomly selected from a magnitude-limited sample of 399 yielded a 29 per cent detection efficiency with 34 systems exhibiting a double-lined signature. A further 38 systems show strong evidence of being single-lined or potentially DBL binaries and seven single-lined sources from the full observed sample are radial velocity variable. The 45 remaining candidates appear as a single WD with no companion or a non-DA white dwarf, bringing the efficiency of detecting binaries to 62 per cent. Atmospheric fitting of all double-lined systems reveals a large fraction that have two similar mass components that combine to a total mass of 1.0–1.3 $\mathrm{M}_\odot$ – a class of double white dwarf binaries that may undergo a sub-Chandrasekhar mass type Ia detonation or merge to form a massive O/Ne WD, although orbital periods are required to infer on which time-scales. One double-lined system located 49 pc away, WDJ181058.67+311940.94, is super-Chandrasekhar mass, making it the second such double white dwarf binary to be discovered.
Cytosine analogues as DNA methyltransferase substrates
Authors: Wojciechowski Marek , Czapinska Honorata , Krwawicz Joanna , Rafalski Dominik , Bochtler Matthias 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
DNA methyltransferases are drug targets for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and possibly β-hemoglobinopathies. We characterize the interaction of nucleoside analogues in DNA with a prokaryotic CpG-specific DNA methyltransferase (M.MpeI) as a model for mammalian DNMT1 methyltransferases. We tested DNA containing 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-hydroxycytosine (5OHC), 5-methyl-2-pyrimidinone (in the ribosylated form known as 5-methylzebularine, 5mZ), 5,6-dihydro-5-azacytosine (dhaC), 5-fluorocytosine (5FC), 5-chlorocytosine (5ClC), 5-bromocytosine (5BrC) and 5-iodocytosine (5IC). Covalent complex formation was by far most efficient for 5FC. Non-covalent complexes were most abundant for dhaC and 5mZ. Surprisingly, we observed methylation of 5IC and 5BrC, and to a lesser extent 5ClC and 5FC, in the presence, but not the absence of small molecule thiol nucleophiles. For 5IC and 5BrC, we demonstrated by mass spectrometry that the reactions were due to methyltransferase driven dehalogenation, followed by methylation. Crystal structures of M.MpeI-DNA complexes capture the ‘in’ conformation of the active site loop for analogues with small or rotatable (5mZ) 5-substituents and its ‘out’ form for bulky 5-substituents. Since very similar ‘in’ and ‘out’ loop conformations were also observed for DNMT1, it is likely that our conclusions generalize to other DNA methyltransferases.
Fast clustering and cell-type annotation of scATAC data using pre-trained embeddings
Authors: LeRoy Nathan J , Smith Jason P , Zheng Guangtao , Rymuza Julia , Gharavi Erfaneh , Brown Donald E , Zhang Aidong , Sheffield Nathan C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Data from the single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (scATAC-seq) are now widely available. One major computational challenge is dealing with high dimensionality and inherent sparsity, which is typically addressed by producing lower dimensional representations of single cells for downstream clustering tasks. Current approaches produce such individual cell embeddings directly through a one-step learning process. Here, we propose an alternative approach by building embedding models pre-trained on reference data. We argue that this provides a more flexible analysis workflow that also has computational performance advantages through transfer learning. We implemented our approach in scEmbed, an unsupervised machine-learning framework that learns low-dimensional embeddings of genomic regulatory regions to represent and analyze scATAC-seq data. scEmbed performs well in terms of clustering ability and has the key advantage of learning patterns of region co-occurrence that can be transferred to other, unseen datasets. Moreover, models pre-trained on reference data can be exploited to build fast and accurate cell-type annotation systems without the need for other data modalities. scEmbed is implemented in Python and it is available to download from GitHub. We also make our pre-trained models available on huggingface for public use. scEmbed is open source and available at https://github.com/databio/geniml. Pre-trained models from this work can be obtained on huggingface: https://huggingface.co/databio.
Prescribing patterns and medication costs in patients on maintenance haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Ghimire Anukul , Lloyd Anita M , Bello Aminu K , Battistella Marisa , Ronksley Paul , Tonelli Marcello 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Polypharmacy is a significant clinical issue for patients on dialysis but has been incompletely studied. We investigated the prevalence and costs of polypharmacy in a population-based cohort of participants treated with haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods
We studied adults ≥20 years of age in Alberta, Canada receiving maintenance HD or PD as of 31 March 2019. We characterized participants as users of 0–29 drug categories of interest and those ≥65 years of age as users/non-users of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). We calculated the number of drug categories, daily pill burden, total annual cost and annual cost per participant and compared this to an age- and sex-matched cohort from the general Alberta population.

Results
Among 2248 participants (mean age 63 years; 39% female) on HD (n = 1781) or PD (n = 467), the median number of prescribed drug categories was 6 [interquartile range (IQR) 4–8] and the median daily pill burden was 8.0 (IQR 4.6–12.6), with 5% prescribed ≥21.7 pills/day and 16.5% prescribed ≥15 pills/day. Twelve percent were prescribed at least one drug that is contraindicated in kidney failure. The median annual per-participant cost was ${\$}$3831, totalling ≈${\$}$11.6 million annually for all participants. When restricting to the 1063 participants ≥65 years of age, the median number of PIM categories was 2 (IQR 1–2), with a median PIM pill burden of 1.2 pills/day (IQR 0.5–2.4). Compared with PD participants, HD participants had a similar daily pill burden, higher use of PIMs and higher annual per-participant cost. Pill burden and associated costs for participants on dialysis were &gt;3-fold and 10-fold higher, respectively, compared with the matched participants from the general population.

Conclusion
Participants on dialysis have markedly higher use of prescription medications and associated costs than the general population. Effective methods to de-prescribe in the dialysis population are needed.
SPL22 BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS IN THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT: A RISK OF PERMANENT RELEVANCE
Authors: Hamzaoui Halim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As defined in ILO technical guidelines on biological hazards in the working environment, a biological hazard refers to any microorganism, cell or other organic material that may be of plant, animal, or human origin, including any which have been genetically modified, and which can cause harm to human health.
Biological hazards in the working environment pose significant risks to the health and safety of workers across various industries. Exposure to bodily fluids, contaminated surfaces, air, water, and food are the main routes of exposure. Occupational risks associated with biological hazards span infectious diseases, allergic reactions, and chronic health conditions. Healthcare workers, laboratory personnel, agricultural workers, and those in the food processing industry are particularly susceptible. The severity of these risks depends on factors such as the type of biological agent, concentration, duration of exposure, and individual susceptibility.
Understanding the nature of the hazards, the routes of transmission and contributing factor is crucial for implementing effective control measures. Preventive measures play a pivotal role in minimizing the impact of biological hazards in the workplace. The hierarchy of controls includes engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment (PPE). Legislation and regulations play a crucial role in ensuring a safe working environment. Governments and regulatory bodies, in consultation with employers’ organizations and workers’ representatives, should establish and enforce guidelines specific to biological hazards, considering the unique characteristics of different industries. Regular inspections and audits can help assess compliance with these regulations and identify areas for improvement. Tight coordination between occupational safety and health and public health authorities is crucial to monitor, prevent and manage health effects of occupational hazards.
Global challenges, such as the emergence of new infectious diseases and the impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases, highlight the need for ongoing research and adaptation of preventive measures. Collaboration between researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers is essential to stay ahead of evolving biological hazards.
In conclusion, understanding and managing biological hazards in the working environment is a multifaceted task that requires a holistic approach. By prioritizing prevention, implementing effective controls, and fostering a culture of safety, workplaces can significantly reduce the risks associated with biological hazards, ensuring the well-being of workers, and promoting a healthy and productive workforce.
SS01-01 THE SHEFFIELD GROUP AND ITS ROLE IN GLOBAL OSH RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Authors: Curran Andrew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In 1988, a group of directors from national health and safety research facilities agreed that there would be value in creating a global network to discuss high level issues relating to the delivery of occupational health and safety research. The group held this first meeting in Sheffield (hence the “Sheffield Group”), and the Director of the UK facility was elected as the permanent Chair in perpetuity. The original membership included national labs from Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Hungary, Norway, Netherlands, Poland, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Germany, Belgium, Russian Federation, Israel, Turkey, Finland, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the USA.

Materials and Methods
Meetings of the Sheffield Group are held annually, hosted by one of the national labs. The purpose is to keep directors informed about programmes of research and national policy issues, and occasional collaborations across Institutes are also agreed. In 2003, PEROSH emerged from the Sheffield Group as a more formal mechanism to support joint research activities in Europe.

Results
The most recent meeting in Korea showcased the value of this network and provided insights which would not have been delivered through any other network.

Conclusions
The Sheffield Group is the only global network which supports directors of national occupational health and safety facilities. This not only allows a unique agenda of topics to be discussed but also helps to define why such national facilities are needed and the added value that they bring to national health and safety systems.
SS03-01 NEGATIVE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGES ON ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Lo Olivier , Jones Richard 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Climate change, increasingly seen as a global challenge, has profound adverse effects on occupational health and safety (OH&S) within organizations. This study investigates the negative OH&S impact of climate change on organizations and their workers, examining related health and safety risks and risk management strategies.

Materials and Methods
Using a multidisciplinary approach, this study reviewed relevant literature, focusing on the analysis on the potential negative impacts of climate change on OH&S within organizations across various sectors and regions, to derive insightful recommendations.

Results
Findings revealed a complex interplay between climate change and negative OH&S impacts on organizations. The increased frequency and intensity of heatwaves, cold snaps, drought, flooding and fires pose heightened risks to workers' health and safety. Key identified areas of concern encompass heat stress, vector-borne disease outbreaks, food and water insecurity, air pollution, UV radiation, psychological distress among workers; injuries and death from extreme weather events and climate change mitigation activities, as well as worker displacement. Reduced access to healthcare further compounds these issues.

Conclusions
The negative OH&S impact of climate change presents substantial challenges for organizations across the globe. Organizations must prioritize adaptation measures comprising heat stress management, improved infrastructure resilience, and comprehensive emergency response plans. Additionally, fostering a culture of awareness, education, and collaboration is crucial to enhancing workers' protection, preparedness and resilience. To prevent climate change and related OH&S harms from worsening, proactive mitigation strategies are also imperative.
SS03-03 CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH) OF SHERPA MOUNTAINEERS
Authors: Joshi Sunil Kumar , Pokharel Sugam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The current climate change scenario poses significant challenges for mountaineering expeditions. The accelerated melting of glaciers, altered climbing conditions, and changing weather patterns are reshaping the mountaineering process. The changing climate has significantly amplified the hazards linked to climbing, leading to increased frequency and intensity of avalanches and rockfall. The objective of this study was to study the effect of climate change factors on the job of Sherpa mountaineers on expedition to Mount Everest.

Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 Sherpas residing in the Solukhumbu District, Nepal. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College. Sherpas who were present for the expedition during the data collection period and gave informed consent were included in the study. Similarly, secondary data on climate change-related events in the Everest region were analyzed.

Results
Approximately forty three percent (42.6%) of respondents experienced different incidents during expeditions; 33% had encountered avalanches, 14.9% had fallen from cliffs or paths, and 12.6% had fallen into crevasses. Sixteen percent of participants encountered the death of family members, 69.1% experienced the loss of colleagues from their team, and 21.3% encountered the death of clients during expeditions.

Conclusion
The study highlights the multifaceted OSH challenges related to climate change faced by Sherpas guiding summit expeditions on Mount Everest. Their need for targeted interventions is evident and to ensure their well-being, a comprehensive approach encompassing health education, psychological support, and improved safety practices is essential.
SS04-03 RETURN TO WORK MANAGEMENT FOLLOWING AN OCCUPATIONAL INJURY
Authors: Soltani Sara , El Kholti Rim , Durand Pierre , Campbell Mathieu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
It is important to focus on the issue of returning to work following a professional injury and to better understand it. By doing so, it is possible to identify the complexities and difficulties that can prolong the situation of incapacity.

Methods
For this, the intervention and involvement of several actors in the organization are necessary. The goal of this intervention project is to better understand what influences the return to work within the emergency health corporation, from the worker's perspective. This qualitative project takes the ecological model of disability management as its conceptual model. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for this project with paramedics and heads of departments concerned with returning to work. Subsequently, an analysis of the interviews is conducted to highlight the elements that facilitate and hinder the return to work.

Discussion
Elements such as the adaptation strategy, the reactions and emotions of the paramedics and their relatives, as well as elements related to the personal life of the worker, emerged. Concerning the work environment, the quality of working relationships between the employee and their manager, the culture of the organization, and the management practices used are the main elements highlighted by the participants.

Conclusion
The results obtained during these interviews are consistent with the literature and prompt further reflection on exploring the influence on returning to work within the emergency health corporation.
SS06-03 RATIFICATION OF ILO FUNDAMENTAL OSH CONVENTIONS IN LATIN AMERICAN AND THE CARIBBEAN REGION: STATE OF THE ART AND CURRENT CHALLENGES FOR OH SERVICES
Authors: Muñoz Miguel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In 2022, the ILO introduced the right to a safe and healthy work environment as a fundamental principle and right at work, and established Conventions 155 and 187 as fundamental conventions to facilitate nations to comply with this commitment. In this regard, although 33 out 34 countries from the Latin American and the Caribbean region have OSH regulations, only 12 and 6 countries have ratified ILO Conventions 155 and 187, respectively. Therefore, this study aims to identify the gaps national instruments of the Latin American and the Caribbean region exhibit regarding complying with OSH fundamental conventions and its implication for OH services.

Methods
Fifty national OSH instruments from the Latin American and the Caribbean region are analysed through the checklist for applying ILO Conventions 155 and 187.

Results
Initial findings indicate that although most of the countries of this region have not formally ratified OSH fundamental conventions, still their OSH regulatory frameworks are aligned with relevant aspects of ILO Convention 155 (e.g., having in place national OSH laws, regulations, OH services and inspection systems to enforce their implementation). On the other hand, the main challenge in the region relates to adjusting countries’ national framework with Convention 187 (i.e., developing OSH national system and programmes).

Conclusions
The current study highlights the adoption of OSH laws and regulations as an important threshold for countries complying with the international commitment of promoting safe and healthy workplaces and provision of OH services. However, such initiatives should consider mobilising social and organisational stakeholders into a management system approach.
SS07 GUIDELINES FOR EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND MANAGEMENT: LEARNINGS FROM THE 9/11 DISASTER AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Schunder-Tatzber Susanne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic influenced in several ways the work of occupational health in an organisational context. On one hand, it raised awareness for the need to be prepared for acute emergencies like disasters and infections at various levels. On the other hand, occupational health issues of ‘emergency workers’ like paramedics, fire-fighters, dispatch staff are seen as a critical foundation for their efforts to support public and organisational health. This session is an update on lessons learned from the World Trade Center (WTC) response and care.
SS08-03 CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS OF IMPLEMENTING MICROSAMPLING-ASSISTED BIOMONITORING METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF TOXIC METAL EXPOSURE RELATED TO INDUSTRIAL AND SMALL-SCALE MINING
Authors: Rakete Stefan , Böse-O’Reilly Stephan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Exposure to toxic metals, e.g. cadmium, mercury and lead, is very common due to mining activities. These metals can be either liberated from the soil, produced as a main or by-products of processing, or are used as an extraction agent. The exposure to toxic metals is associated with many adverse health effects including cancer and neurological diseases. Monitoring of toxic metal levels in biological matrices such as blood is one of the key elements for exposure assessment. The disadvantages of generally used venous blood samples are the relatively high costs due to medical personnel, sample cooling, etc. To overcome this, microsampling methods are a promising alternative. The goal of this review is the evaluation of the current knowledge on toxic metal biomonitoring using microsampling with special emphasis on mining.

Methods
The existing literature was reviewed for studies that apply microsampling for toxic metal biomonitoring using scientific databases.

Results
Multiple sampling devices (e.g. dried blood spots) have been used for toxic metal biomonitoring. Major challenges included sensitivity, reproducibility and background contamination of the sampling material. Few studies have applied microsampling for biomonitoring of toxic metals in mining areas in South America, Asia and Africa. Thus far, microsampling methods have not been included in regular biomonitoring programs.

Conclusions
Although the research and use of microsampling-assisted toxic metal biomonitoring is intensifying, standardization and field applicability of these methods in mining areas still needs to be demonstrated. Nevertheless, these tools can help to improve miners’ health, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
SS08-04 VISION ZERO: OPENING NEW DOORS TO A PREVENTION CULTURE FOR SUSTAINABLE MINING
Authors: Ehnes Helmut 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Every human being in mining and beyond has the fundamental right to life as well as to physical and mental integrity. The focus is still on fatality prevention, and health issues or even wellbeing at work are still undervalued.
We see that this situation obviously cannot be changed by new legislative initiatives, by regulators or by compliance requirements only. The International Social Security Association (ISSA), which is a United Nations (UN) not-for-profit sub-organisation has the ambition to change this situation. Therefore, taking the UN Sustainability Goals into account, the Global Initiative VISION ZERO was launched 2017 in Singapore at the World Congress on Safety and Health. VISION ZERO, developed by the Mining Section of ISSA, is now the joint prevention strategy of all 14 ISSA Sections to support a prevention culture at workplaces and in societies that goes beyond just compliance. The three dimensions of VISION ZERO are safety, health, and wellbeing.
To win this battle and to support sustainable mining, a change of the mindset of CEOs, managers, leaders, and all miners is required. Expenditures for safety and health must not be seen as cost factors, but as investments in better business. This is based on the belief that all work accidents and all work-related diseases have causes and therefore can be prevented.
Therefore, ISSA has chosen an approach built on emotion, common sense and simplifying complicated solutions. To support businesses and leaders in implementing VISION ZERO successfully, seven clear and simple Golden Rules have been developed.