bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemoreflex sensitization occurs in both male and female rats during recovery from acute lung injury
Authors: Kamra Kajal , Zucker Irving H. , Schultz Harold D. , Wang Han-Jun 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionSex-specific patterns in respiratory conditions, such as asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnea, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, have been previously documented. Animal models of acute lung injury (ALI) have offered insights into sex differences, with male mice exhibiting distinct lung edema and vascular leakage compared to female mice. Our lab has provided evidence that the chemoreflex is sensitized in male rats during the recovery from bleomycin-induced ALI, but whether sex-based chemoreflex changes occur post-ALI is not known. To bridge this gap, the current study employed the bleomycin-induced ALI animal model to investigate sex-based differences in chemoreflex activation during the recovery from ALI.MethodsALI was induced using a single intra-tracheal instillation of bleomycin (bleo, 2.5 mg/Kg) (day 1). Resting respiratory frequency (fR) was measured at 1-2 days pre-bleo, day 7 (D7) post-bleo, and 1 month (1 mth) post-bleo. The chemoreflex responses to hypoxia (10% O2, 0% CO2) and normoxic-hypercapnia (21% O2, 5% CO2) were measured before bleo administration (pre-bleo) and 1 mth post-bleo using whole-body plethysmography. The apnea-hypopnea Index (AHI), post-sigh apneas, and sighs were measured at each time point.ResultsThere were no significant differences in resting fR between male and female rats at the pre-bleo time point or in the increase in resting fR at D7 post-bleo. At 1 mth post-bleo, the resting fR was partially restored in both sexes but the recovery towards normal ranges of resting fR was significantly lower in male rats. The AHI, post-sigh apneas, and sighs were not different between male and female rats pre-bleo and 1 mth post-bleo. However, at D7 post-bleo, the male rats exhibited a higher AHI than female rats. Both male and female rats exhibited a sensitized chemoreflex in response to hypoxia and normoxic-hypercapnia with no significant differences between sexes.ConclusionA sex difference in resting ventilatory parameters occurs post ALI with a prolonged increase in resting fR and larger AHI in male rats. On the other hand, we did not find any sex differences in the chemoreflex sensitization that occurs at 1 mth post-bleo. This work contributes to a better understanding of sex-based variations in lung disorders.
The impact of social isolation on smartphone addiction among college students: the multiple mediating effects of loneliness and COVID-19 anxiety
Authors: Wang Ye , Ma Qianying 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe widespread use of smartphones has significantly increased smartphone addiction among college students, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, university campuses in mainland China have strictly followed the Chinese government’s strict quarantine policy, including closed campus management, prohibitions against gatherings, and social distancing, increasing student loneliness and anxiety and thus increasing the risk of smartphone addiction. Extant Studies have revealed that social isolation is a prominent predictor of smartphone addiction but have failed to systematically explore the complex relationship between social isolation and smartphone addiction in the context of COVID-19; therefore, the underlying mechanisms of these factors in the post-pandemic era are unclear.ObjectiveThis study is the first attempt to consider loneliness, COVID-19 anxiety and social isolation as a whole and to clarify the underlying mechanisms of social isolation and smartphone addiction by constructing a multiple mediating model.MethodThis study included students enrolled at eight higher education institutions in Conghua District (Guangzhou city). Quota proportional sampling was adopted, 900 self-report questionnaires were distributed through the WeChat groups of these universities from December 10 to December 15, 2022, and 868 valid questionnaires (620 females, 248 males) were ultimately obtained.ResultsThe direct effect of social isolation on smartphone addiction was significant, and loneliness and COVID-19 anxiety mediated the association between social isolation and smartphone addiction in both parallel and sequential ways. Moreover, a reverse mediation model with COVID-19 anxiety as the first mediator and loneliness as the second mediator was found.ConclusionCollege students who experience social isolation are at greater risk for smartphone addiction, and the core factor leading to their smartphone addiction is the subjective psychological state triggered by campus isolation and social distancing, such as loneliness and anxiety. These risky behaviors of people should receive extra attention, and psychological factors such as loneliness and COVID-19 anxiety should be considered in future therapies aimed at reducing addiction.
Sociodemographic disparities in postnatal care coverage at comprehensive health centers in Hamedan City
Authors: Maleki Azam , Soltani Farzaneh , Abasalizadeh Maryam , Bakht Rafat 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundPostnatal care (PNC) is a crucial component of continuous healthcare and can be influenced by sociodemographic factors. This study aimed to examine the sociodemographic disparities in PNC coverage in Hamedan City.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we utilized existing data recorded in the Health Integrated System of Hamedan City, located in Iran, from 2020 to 2021. The study population consisted of 853 women who were over 15 years old and had given birth within the past 42 days. The Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software was used to evaluate the socioeconomic inequalities in PNC coverage.ResultsOverall, 531 (62.3%) of the women received three postnatal visits. The absolute concentration index (ACI) indicates that women aged 20–35 years, illiterate women, housewives, insured individuals, and urban residents experience a higher magnitude of inequality in PNC coverage. The negative values of the ACI suggest that the health index is concentrated among disadvantaged groups, with educational level inequalities being more pronounced than those related to age.ConclusionPostnatal care coverage among mothers was relatively adequate; however, sociodemographic inequalities existed in the utilization of PNC services. It is recommended that policymakers make efforts to increase access to PNC services for mothers from low socio-economic groups.
Continuous nursing for infants with congenital talipes equinovarus undergoing Ponseti therapy and telehealth education for their parents via WeChat: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Wang Xiangxuan , Lin Kainan , Lin Jinrun , Xu Wenchen , Chen Hui 
Published: July 2024

AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of continuous nursing and telehealth education via WeChat in infants with congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) undergoing Ponseti therapy on reducing complications, care burden, and improving the quality of life for parents.MethodsThis is a single-center retrospective study. From July 2021 to December 2022, 44 CTEV children who undergoing Ponseti treatment in our hospital who received continuous nursing and telehealth education via WeChat (experimental group). In addition, during January 2020 to June 2021, 44 children with CTEV treated with Ponseti in our hospital who received routine nursing and traditional health education were selected as the control group. The incidence of complications, parental care burden and parental quality of life were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the demographic characteristics of patients and parents between the two groups, and the groups were comparable (p &gt; 0.05). The incidence of complications including plaster loosens, plaster falling off, pressure ulcer was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Parents in the intervention group experienced significantly lower care burdens compared to those in the control group (p &lt; 0.05). The quality of life of parents in the intervention group was significantly higher than that for the control group (p &lt; 0.05). There were significant differences in the incidence of complications, the care burden of parents and the quality of life of parents between the two groups.ConclusionThis study found that continuous nursing and telehealth education via WeChat group during Ponsetis treatment of children with CTEV can effectively reduce complications, reduce the care burden of parents and improve the quality of life of parents. This method is simple and convenient, especially worthy of application and promotion in medically underdeveloped areas.
Competency in responding to infectious disease outbreaks among nurses in primary healthcare institutions: a quantitative, cross-sectional multicentre study
Authors: Zhu Wei , Zhang Jizhen , Yang Liyao , Li Jiping , Guo Hongxia 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundNurses’ competencies are crucial for infectious disease prevention and control. We aimed to investigate competencies in responding to infectious disease outbreaks of nurses in primary healthcare institutions and identify their training needs.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2022, recruiting nurses from primary healthcare institutions across Sichuan Province. Their competencies and training needs were assessed using a modified Emergency Response Competency Scale for Infectious Diseases. Additionally, their sociodemographic characteristics and experience in infectious disease outbreak trainings were collected. Univariate analyses were used to compare competencies and training needs by participant characteristics. Multiple linear regression was conducted to identify determinants of their competencies.ResultsA total of 1,439 nurses from 44 primary healthcare institutions participated in this study. The overall competency and training needs had a median of 3.6 (IQR [3.1, 4.0]) and 4.0 (IQR [3.9, 4.7]), respectively. Age (β = −0.074, p = 0.005), experience in higher authority hospitals (β = 0.057, p = 0.035), infectious disease outbreak trainings attended within the last 5 years (β = 0.212, p &lt; 0.001), and regions where the institutions located were determinants of the competencies.ConclusionThe competencies in responding to infectious disease outbreaks among nurses in primary healthcare institutions were at a moderate level, influenced by varied factors.
Individual and community-level factors of availability of observed water, soap, and other cleansing agents for hand washing practice in Ethiopia: a multilevel mixed-effects analysis of the 2021 performance monitoring for action Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Natnael , Delie Amare Mebrat , Ketema Bogale Eyob , Anagaw Tadele Fentabel , Talie Fenta Eneyew , Adal Ousman 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThis study delves into individual and community-level factors influencing the availability of water, soap, and cleansing agents for handwashing in Ethiopia. Its comprehensive exploration offers nuanced insights, informing targeted interventions and policies to effectively enhance handwashing resources across Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess individual and community-level factors of availability of observed water, soap, and other cleansing agents for hand washing practices in Ethiopia.MethodsData from the 2021 PMA-ET, encompassing 24,747 household participants, informed this study. Employing STATA version 17.0, a multi-level mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was performed to identify individual and community-level factors. Adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval conveyed the strength and direction of associations, with significance determined at p &lt; 0.05.ResultsSignificant factors affecting handwashing resources availability: water, soap, and cleansing agents included education status such as Participants aged below 25 and between 25 and 64 (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.0891, 1.7631) and (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.1431, 1.8621) respectively, individuals with no formal education and those with only primary education were 40 and 39% less likely (OR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0. 47,191, 0. 77,317) and (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0. 46,526, 0. 80,124) respectively, those who had poor and had middle wealth status were (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0. 24,955, 0.37165) and (OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.31465, 0. 44,973) respectively, who had media exposure (OR = 2.88; 95% CI: 2.5565, 3.2615), water sources, various sources like Piped Water, tube well, dug well, spring, rainwater, and surface water were less likely to provide access compared to bottled water. Furthermore, clusters with a lower proportion of primary education [AOR = 0.13, 95% CI: (0.04303, 0.44515)], and those with a higher proportion of middle wealth status [AOR = 3.26, 95% CI: (1.071, 9.9245)].ConclusionThe study uncovered individual and community-level factors impacting the availability of water, soap, and cleansing agents for handwashing in Ethiopia. Individual factors like age, education, wealth, water source, media exposure, Community factors such as education levels and wealth status showed significant associations. Community initiatives should boost primary education and equitable wealth distribution to ensure widespread access to hand-washing resources, fostering improved hygiene practices.
Molecular Identification and Survey of Cyclospora spp. in Cattle in Shanxi Province, North China
Authors: Wu Ze-Xuan , Kang Yu , Huang Shi-Bo , Liu Ya-Ya , Mei Jin-Jin , Liu Qing , Zhu Xing-Quan 
Published: July 2024

To date, more than 20 species in the genus Cyclospora have been reported. Among them, Cyclospora cayetanensis has been recognized as the causative agent of human cyclosporiasis, which is characterized by severe intestinal injury and prolonged diarrhea in patients with immune dysfunction. The presence of C. cayetanensis in cattle has been confirmed. To date, however, no surveillance data are available on the occurrence and prevalence of Cyclospora spp. in cattle in Shanxi Province, North China. In the present study, a total of 761 fecal samples collected from cattle in three representative counties (Qi, Jishan, and Shanyin) in this Province were examined for Cyclospora spp. by using a polymerase-chain-reaction–restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) test based on the nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene. The prevalence of Cyclospora spp. in cattle was 2.1%, and region, age, sex, and breed were not identified to be risk factors. Molecular evolutionary analysis based on the SSU rRNA sequences revealed that all 12 of the isolates were relatively distant from the human pathogen C. cayetanensis; seven isolates were grouped with Cyclospora colobi, whereas the others were grouped with cattle Cyclospora spp. reported previously. Though C. cayetanensis was not detected in cattle in the present study, more investigations should be performed in human populations, other animal species, or cattle from other regions of Shanxi Province and other environmental sources from the One Health perspective.
Effect of Intake of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Resting Energy Expenditure: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparison Study
Authors: Baba Yuhei , Azuma Naoki , Saito Yasuo , Takahashi Kazuma , Matsui Risa , Takara Tsuyoshi 
Published: July 2024

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 in combination with inulin has been shown to have several health benefits, including an improvement in the intestinal microbiota and a reduction in human visceral fat. Previous studies have suggested that the visceral fat reduction of GCL2505 and inulin may be achieved by improving daily energy expenditure. This parallel, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the effects of GCL2505 and inulin on resting energy expenditure (REE) in overweight or mildly obese Japanese adults (n = 44). Participants ingested 1 × 1010 colony forming units of GCL2505 and 5.0 g of inulin daily for 4 weeks. REE score at week 4 was set as the primary endpoint. At week 4, the REE score of the GCL2505 and inulin group was significantly higher than that of the placebo group, with a difference of 84.4 kcal/day. In addition, fecal bifidobacteria counts were significantly increased in the GCL2505 and inulin group. Our results indicated that the intake of GCL2505 and inulin improves energy balance, which is known to be a major factor of obesity, by modulating the microbiota in the gut. This is the first report to demonstrate the effects of probiotics and dietary fiber on REE in humans.
Application of Blood-Saving Technologies in the Treatment of Patients with Gunshot and Mine-Explosive Wounds
Authors: Третьяк Д.С. , Трухан А.П. , Гуляев А.А. , Бузин А.Н. 
Published: July 2024

Лечение геморрагического шока и его осложнений остается одной из актуальных проблем современной медицины. Огнестрельные и минно-взрывные травмы нередко приводят к развитию наружных и внутренних кровотечений и острой массивной кровопотери. В связи с этим эффективность лечения пациентов с данными видами повреждений в значительной степени связана с возможностью ранней остановки кровотечения, а также тактикой и качеством трансфузионного пособия.
Treatment of hemorrhagic shock and its complications remains one of the pressing problems of modern medicine. Gunshot and mine-explosive injuries often lead to the development of external and internal bleeding and acute massive blood loss. In this regard, the effectiveness of treatment of patients with these types of injuries is largely related to the possibility of early bleeding control, as well as the tactics and quality of transfusion management.
BCL-2 Protein Inhibitor in the Treatment of Resistant and Refractory Forms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Маршан Л.З. , Искров И.А. , Шепетько М.М. , Лендина И.Ю. 
Published: July 2024

Острый миелоидный лейкоз (ОМЛ) является наиболее распространенным злокачественным миелоидным заболеванием у взрослых. Повышенная экспрессия BCL-2 наблюдается в клетках пациентов с острым миелоидным лейкозом (ОМЛ), с хроническим лимфоцитарным лейкозом (ХЛЛ), где BCL-2 опосредует выживаемость опухолевых клеток и связана с резистентностью к химиотерапии. Венетоклакс – это селективный ингибитор белка BCL-2. У 50–70% пациентов, достигших полной ремиссиии (ПР) ОМЛ, в течение 3 лет развивается рецидив заболевания. Комбинация венетоклакса с азацитидином считается новым подходом лечения пациентов, которым противопоказано проведение интенсивной химиотерапии. Применение венетоклакса в лечении пациентов с резистентными ОМЛ является новой терапевтической опцией, сочетающей низкую токсичность, высокую эффективность, и позволяет получить у них общую выживаемость, сопоставимую с результатами лечения первичных ОМЛ. В статье представлен собственный опыт использования венетоклакса в лечении резистентных и рефрактерных форм острого миелоидного лейкоза.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common malignant myeloid disease in adults. Increased expression of BCL-2 is observed in cells from patients with both acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), where BCL-2 mediates tumor cell survival, and is associated with chemotherapy resistance. Venetoclax is a selective inhibitor of the BCL-2 protein. 50–70% of patients who achieve complete remission (CR) of AML develop a disease relapse within 3 years. The combination of venetoclax with azacitidine is considered a new approach for the treatment of patients who are contraindicated for intensive chemotherapy. The use of venetoclax in the treatment of patients with refractory AML is a new therapeutic option that combines low toxicity, high efficacy, and allows them to achieve overall survival comparable to the results of treatment of primary AML. The article presents our own experience of using venetoclax in the treatment of resistant and refractory forms of acute myeloid leukemia.
Epidemiological Aspects of Hemoblastoses. Literature Review
Authors: Косенкова В.П. , Неверова А.Л. , Виноградова О.Ю. 
Published: July 2024

Эпидемиология хронических онкогематологических заболеваний в условиях интенсивного появления инновационной терапии требует тщательного наблюдения и изучения. Понимание эпидемиологических тенденций различных нозологий имеет первостепенное значение для развития фармакоэкономики и системы здравоохранения, определяет соответствие производственных и клинико-диагностических мощностей уровню потребности. Высокая стоимость таргетных препаратов и рост числа пациентов, нуждающихся в них, оказывают существенное влияние на увеличение социальных бюджетов. Формирование сбалансированной стратегии и тактики клиническо-терапевтического обеспечения должно быть обосновано реальной эпидемиологической практикой. В настоящей работе представлен обзор международных и отечественных данных, касающихся основных эпидемиологических параметров (заболеваемость, распространенность, смертность, общая выживаемость, гендерно-возрастные характеристики) ряда хронических гемобластозов, таких как множественная миелома, хронический лимфолейкоз, диффузная В-крупноклеточная лимфома, лимфома мантийной зоны, фолликулярная лимфома, лимфома Ходжкина, хронический миелоидный лейкоз, миелопролиферативные Ph-негативные новообразования. Продемонстрированы общемировая динамика и отличия показателей в разных популяциях. Литературные данные убедительно показывают тенденцию к постепенному росту заболеваемости и распространенности рассмотренных гемобластозов в последние десятилетия. Статья послужит важным информационным источником для специалистов системы здравоохранения.
The epidemiology of chronic oncohematological diseases in the context of intensive emergence of innovative therapy requires careful monitoring and study. Understanding the epidemiological trends of various nosologies is of paramount importance for the development of pharmacoeconomics and the healthcare system and determines the compliance of production and clinical diagnostic capacities with the level of demand. The high cost of targeted drugs and the growing number of patients in need of them have a significant impact on the increase in social budgets. The formation of a balanced strategy and tactics of clinical and therapeutic support must be justified by real epidemiological practice. The paper presents an overview of international and national data concerning the main epidemiological parameters (incidence, prevalence, mortality, overall survival, gender and age characteristics) of chronic hematological malignancies: multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, mantle zone lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukemia, myeloproliferative Ph-negative neoplasms. World dynamics and variety of parameters in different populations are demonstrated. Literary data convincingly show a trend towards a gradual increase in the incidence and prevalence of the considered hemoblastoses in recent decades.