bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Insight into Male Infertility: A Narrative Review
Authors: Jessica Alyas  , Noor Khalid  , Hijab Fatima  , Tayyaba Arif  , Sarah Ishaq  , Sara Chouhadary  , Ayesha Zulfiqar  , Muhamad Usama Azhar  , Shumaila Zulfiqar  
Published: July 2024

Male infertility is a widespread health issue globally, frequently remaining untreated due to stigmatization and the challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This review presents a comprehensive update on the literature covering key aspects such as causes, diagnostic techniques, and treatment options for managing male factor infertility. It includes an in-depth analysis of global infertility data, using resources from the World Health Organization, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Medline, PubMed, and Scopus databases to gather relevant articles on male infertility. A total of 41 articles from 2000-2023 were reviewed. High throughput techniques, along with sophisticated assays, are being employed for accurate diagnosis. Surgical procedures such as testicular sperm extraction, vasovasostomy, vasoepididymostomy, sperm retrieval techniques, and non-surgical procedures including sclerotherapy, gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy, and antiestrogens are available to treat infertile males. Additionally, in recent years, flavonoids have been extensively explored for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, anti-apoptotic, anticarcinogenic, anti-allergic, and antiviral activities. These properties of flavonoids are being investigated for their potential to address biological mechanisms underlying anomalies such as spermatogenesis disturbance and sperm quality decline. This review serves as a comprehensive guide to better understand the etiologies and treatment modalities of male factor infertility, ultimately facilitating affected individuals in making informed reproductive choices.
The impact of a group intervention on ward climate and experienced safety in an inpatient setting
Authors: O’Kane Miread , Thomas Hayley 
Published: July 2024

There is an emphasis on the importance of ward climate on the experienced safety and therapeutic value of inpatient psychiatric services. However, there is limited research to understand the role of patient-to-patient aggression in ward climate discussions. The implementation of a group intervention to promote discussions about the relationship between feelings and behaviours, including those of others, was evaluated on a locked rehabilitation unit of 12 adult males with intellectual disabilities. Four staff were consulted, who reported that patients who attended the group regularly appeared to have improved in their use of coping skills, and peer relationships. Patient scores on the ESSEN Climate Evaluation Scale, however, were not significantly impacted by attendance at the group. The use of the group intervention may have potential to improve inpatient climate, and ultimately the overall therapeutic experience, however further research will be required to fully understand the impact of the group on the patient experience.Easy to read summary■The atmosphere on inpatient wards can affect how safe patients feel.■We ran a group to help men with intellectual disabilities talk about their emotions and behaviours on the ward.■Scores of how safe the men felt did not change but staff reported the group to be helpful.■Staff said the men got on better and used more coping skills.■We think the group can be helpful and would like to explore it further.
Improving referral rates to online support platforms for carers of people with learning disabilities
Authors: Corcoran Emma , Evans Kathryn , Chadwick Darren , Codd Jon 
Published: July 2024

It is important to support carers of people with learning disabilities (LD). Carers of people with physical health conditions have benefited from online peer support, and it therefore likely that carers of people with LD would also benefit from this support. An online support platform for carers of people with LD was launched in an NHS Trust in June 2019, however the referral rates for carers have been consistently low. This project aimed to understand the barriers to staff referring carers to online peer support platforms, and to explore what would need to be done in order to increase staff referral rates. Semi-structured interviews with staff members in the LD Service were conducted, and a focus group also took place with the staff working for the online peer support platform itself. The interviews were analysed and a number of findings were reported, outlining staff perceptions of the service, what the current barriers were to referring and what could be done to improve referrals rates. Strengths, limitations and areas for future research are also discussed.Easy to read summary■This paper helps us think about how we can support people helping to care for someone with a learning disability. Some people have found it useful to get support on the Internet.■There is a website called SHaRON that can help people who care for someone with a learning disability, but this isn’t used very much at the moment. We want to encourage more people to use SHaRON.■We interviewed NHS staff who worked on the SHaRON website and staff who worked with people with learning disabilities to see what ideas they had to encourage more people to use SHaRON.■We outlined some things that could be changed to help more NHS staff remember to tell more people they work with about SHaRON.
The Anti Racism Project: A pilot group for people of colour with a learning disability to raise awareness and make sense of the lived experience of racism
Authors: Brooks Michelle , Hirani Reshma 
Published: July 2024

This article seeks to describe the work undertaken in the Anti-Racism Project (ARP) developed by the Barnet Learning Disabilities Service Psychology Team in response to our awareness of the double or intersectional stigma (Turan et al., 2019) experienced by those we work with who are people of colour, living with a learning disability, and dealing with racism. In order to support the people who carry the weight of this intersectionality without access to ways of making sense of their lived experience, the project sought to create the conditions and offer the learning tools necessary to access and normalise this very important conversation for people with a learning disability. The weekly feedback demonstrated participants gained insight and confidence when tackling and discussing these complex and sensitive issues with each other and an eagerness to continue this journey if the opportunity were offered.Easy to read summary■This article tells you about our anti- racism project (ARP)■ARP is a project to help people with a learning disability understand racism and how it affects us.■We want to share our understanding of racism with each other people and in the community.■We aim to find ways to stand up against racism.
Dementia diagnosis for people with intellectual disabilities from minoritised ethnic backgrounds: Barriers and implications
Authors: Erritt Lara 
Published: July 2024

People with intellectual disabilities are at greater risk of developing dementia yet they experience multiple barriers to accessing diagnosis and support. The present review explores the additional barriers to dementia support that may be faced by people with intellectual disabilities from minoritised ethnic backgrounds and proposes that more research is conducted around the unique challenges experienced by this population.Easy to read summary■People with intellectual disabilities are more likely to get dementia, a type of memory problem.■People with intellectual disabilities come from different ethnic backgrounds.■It might be harder for people with an intellectual disability from certain ethnic backgrounds, such as people who identify as Black or Asian, to get the support they need for dementia.■We need more research on this to make things better for people with intellectual disabilities from all ethnic backgrounds.
A feasibility study for a new neurocognitive battery for profiling cognition in people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Campbell Iain , Rose Mark , Dunger Warren 
Published: July 2024

Individuals with an Intellectual Disability are at an increased risk of Dementia. This risk is even more pronounced in those with Down’s Syndrome. New cognitive measures are needed to reliably screen, monitor and diagnose dementia quicky using standardised assessment procedures. This study aimed to explore the feasibility and acceptability of a new cognitive measure, the ‘Newocogutive Battery for Intellectual Disabilities’ (NBID). This included obtaining service user feedback to ensure co-production, inform administration times, as well as identify initial floor and ceiling effects across test items. Early findings suggest good face validity, feasibility, and acceptability of this measure, which aims to address limitations with current assessment practices for individuals with Intellectual Disabilities.Easy to read summary■Dementia is a condition that can affect people as they get older.■This is an illness in the brain that can make it harder to remember or do things.■People with an intellectual disability can be at higher risk of developing dementia. This risk is even higher if individuals have Down’s Syndrome.■It is helpful to have tests that look for changes in thinking skills. They let us know if someone might have dementia and need help.■We have made a new test to look at thinking skills. We hope this will be helpful in the future for diagnosing dementia.■We asked people with Down’s Syndrome to let us know what was good and what we should change about the test.■We have learnt how to make the test better. We will now try the new test with more people.
PEMBERANTASAN PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA: TREN, HAMBATAN DAN HAK RESTITUSI KORBAN
Authors: Tamala Yunfa Shafiyyah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of human trafficking that occurs in Indonesia. The development of human civilization changed the form of slavery to human trafficking. At first glance, it appears that the context of slavery in human trafficking occurs in the form of exploitation of human labor through disproportionate compensation. This is reinforced by Law no. 21 of 2007 concerning Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking. This paper aims to map trends, obstacles, and resistance rights of human trafficking victims. Normative juridical research method with a statutory approach. Recently, the trend of human trafficking in Indonesia is Indonesian Migrant Workers, commercial sex, child exploitation, and ship crew cases. The obstacle in eradicating this extraordinary crime is that there are many government officials and law enforcers who help smooth the actions of human traffickers so that the perpetrators are not subject to appropriate punishment. Seeing that law enforcement has not fully accommodated the rights of restitution for victims of human trafficking crimes has led to the emergence of victims' pessimistic views regarding the regulations in force in Indonesia.
Keywords: Human Trafficking, Restitution, Fraud

Abstrak
Artikel ini membahas isu perdagangan manusia yang terjadi di Indonesia. Perkembangan peradaban manusia mengubah bentuk perbudakan menjadi perdagangan manusia. Sekilas terlihat bahwa konteks perbudakan dalam perdagangan manusia terjadi dalam bentuk eksploitasi tenaga kerja manusia melalui kompensasi yang tidak proposional. Hal ini diperkuat dengan Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2007 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana perdagangan Orang. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mempetakan tren, hambatan dan hak resistensi korban perdagangan manusia. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Belakangan ini, tren perdagangan manusia yang terjadi di Indonesia ialah Pekerja Migran Indonesia, seks komersial, eksploitasi anak dan kasus anak buah kapal. Adapun hambatan dalam pemberantasan extraordinary crime ini ialah banyaknya pejabat pemerintahan dan penegak hukum yang membantu kelancaran aksi pelaku perdagangan orang, sehingga pelaku tidak dikenakan hukuman yang semestinya. Melihat penegak hukum yang belum sepenuhnya mengakomodir hak restitusi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang menyebabkan munculnya pandangan pesimistik korban terhadap regulasi yang berlaku di Indonesia.
Kata kunci: Perdagangan Orang; Restitusi; Kecurangan
Mengkaji Praktik Aborsi di Indonesia: Penyebab, Dampak, dan Stigma Masyarakat
Authors: Damayanti Elvira , Akmal M. Thufail , Mujamil  , Ainurrofiq M. Ilham 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the development of abortion practices in Indonesia with a focus on societal stigma and the social impacts that occur. Through data analysis and distribution of quiestionaire forms, this article present an overview of the causes of the practice of abortion and how society stigmatizez the practice of abortion. Apart from that, this article also explores the impact of several aspect including social, pshycological and the impact on the female reproductive system. In this article, we also collect the legality and legal basis for the practice of abortion. It is hoped that this analysis can provide a good understanding of the complexity of the abortion issue in Indonesia and encourage further discussion of solutions that can be used to prevent the high number of abortions in Indonesia. In this way, it is hoped that abortion cases in Indonesia will noy increase every years.
Keywords: Society, Practice, Abortion, Social, Psychology

Abstrak
Pada artikel ini membahas terkait perkembangan praktik aborsi di Indonesia dengan fokus pada stigma masyarakat dan dampak sosial yang terjadi. Melalui analisis evaluasi data dan penyebaran form kuisioner, artikel ini menyajikan gambaran terkait penyebab dilakukannya praktik aborsi serta bagaimana stigma masyarakat akan adanya praktik aborsi tersebut. Selain itu, artikel ini juga mengeksplorasi dampak dari beberapa aspek termasuk sosial, psikologi dan dampak tersendiri pada sistem reproduksi perempuan. Pada artikel ini, kami juga mengumpulkan legalitas serta dasar hukum dari praktik aborsi. Analisis ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang baik terkait kompleksitas isu aborsi di Indonesia dan mendorong pembahasan lebih lanjut akan solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegah tingginya aborsi di Indonesia. Dengan begitu diharapkan agar kasus aborsi di Indonesia tidak naik setiap tahunnya.
Kata Kunci: Masyarakat, Praktik, Aborsi, Sosial, Psikologi
LANGUAGE REPRESENTATION OF NONVERBAL MEANS: PECULIARITIES OF VERBALISATION IN THE KAZAKH AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES
Authors: Imangazina M. , Pimenova M. , Develi H. 
Published: July 2024

Nonverbal means are elements of the national vocabulary which represent the nation’s consciousness in language, which are actively used in belletristic texts. Nonverbal elements are distinct in world languages both by their structure and meaning. This feature is one of the main language factors which create difficulties for translators while they interpret belletristic texts. For instance, the majority of lacunae (untranslated parts of text) in the Russian variant of the epic novel "Abai Zholy" (The Path of Abai) are the nonverbal elements. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of communicative recognition of the Kazakh people by considering how communication aids are coded in the language, as well as to determine the similarities and differences of nonverbal components in the Kazakh and Russian languages from the point of view of lexicology, grammar, pragmatics and stylistics. In the course of the research, comparative analysis of translations, grammatical analysis of nonverbal means, lexical-semantic analysis and cognitive analysis methods were used. As a result of the research, it was found that there are more language units and grammatical structures expressing the meaning of "күлу" (to laugh) in the Kazakh language than in the Russian language. In the translation of this kinema, it was found that words with the root "смех" in the Russian language was actively used, and due to the lexical-grammatical features of languages, linguistic and cultural factors, the accuracy, expressiveness and semantic features of the nonverbal components in the translated text were not fully preserved.The relevance of the research can be seen from the fact that the linguistic representation of nonverbal actions in M. Auezov's epic novel "Abai Zholy" and its linguistic value in the translated text are considered for the first time on the basis of the anthropocentric paradigm and in the interlinguistic aspect.
Estrategias de planificación tributaria para la reducción de la carga fiscal de las microempresas
Authors: CARCHI ARIAS KENIA LIZZETH , Yánez Sarmiento Mariana Marisol , Quezada Ochoa Katerin Selena 
Published: July 2024

Este estudio radica en el impacto directo que tiene la gestión tributaria en la rentabilidad y sostenibilidad de las empresas en Ecuador, abordando la complejidad de la carga fiscal, la adaptabilidad a los cambios de la reforma tributaria, la consideración de sectores económicos específicos, y el reconocimiento de las obligaciones y deberes formales de las microempresas, como aspecto clave para mejorar la liquidez. Partiendo de este contexto, esta investigación tiene como objetivo establecer indicadores de gestión como estrategia de planificación tributaria, así como involucrar en su análisis aspectos relevantes en la identificación detallada de ingresos y gastos que de acuerdo a la Ley del Régimen Tributario Interno considera como deducciones y exoneraciones. Parea ello, se utilizó la técnica de revisión documental sobre las estrategias que se pueden aplicar para una eficiente planificación tributaria, indicadores de gestión fiscal, y sobre todo el análisis y aplicación de las normas tributarias vigentes a un estudio de caso en una microempresa. Como resultado de la planificación tributaria aplicada se resalta el impacto que genera la correcta implementación de estrategias de planificación tributaria sustentando en bases legales, en la rebaja de la carga impositiva de manera ética y legal de la microempresa como objeto de estudio.
Abstract: This study lies in the direct impact that tax management has on the profitability and sustainability of companies in Ecuador, addressing the complexity of the tax burden, the adaptability to the changes of the tax reform, the consideration of specific economic sectors, and the recognition of the formal obligations and duties of microenterprises, as a key aspect to improve liquidity. Starting from this context, this research aims to establish management indicators as a tax planning strategy, as well as involve in its analysis relevant aspects in the detailed identification of income and expenses that, according to the Law of the Internal Tax Regime, considers as deductions and exonerations. To achieve this, the documentary review technique was used on the strategies that can be applied for efficient tax planning, fiscal management indicators, and above all the analysis and application of current tax regulations to a case study in a microenterprise. As a result of the applied tax planning, the impact generated by the correct implementation of tax planning strategies based on legal bases is highlighted, in the ethical and legal reduction of the tax burden of the microenterprise as an object of study.
Kewywords: tax planning, management strategies, income tax
Minimally Invasive Dentistry Series Part 2: Caries Risk Assessment
Authors: Nugent Gavin , Kingston Rose , Lucey Siobhán 
Published: July 2024

Dental caries continues to be a major public health problem in Ireland and worldwide. Untreated dental caries in permanent teeth is the most common health condition in the world according to the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.1 Dental team members are acutely aware of the negative impacts of untreated dental caries on the health and well-being of our patients, not to mention the wider societal and economic consequences.2 In Ireland each year, approximately 7,000 children are referred for dental extractions under general anaesthesia.3 Although perceived by many as a disease of childhood, the risk and consequences of caries continue into adulthood, and indeed may initiate a lifetime burden of care. Dental caries is a multifactorial disease, which progresses when pathological factors outweigh preventive factors by tipping the ‘caries balance’ towards demineralisation and breakdown of the dental hard tissues (Figure 1). While restorative dental techniques for caries management and tooth retention have improved significantly over the years, it is clear that preventing dental caries is still preferable to cure.4,5 Successful management of dental caries requires both preventive measures and behaviour change, in addition to clinical intervention, preferably using a minimally invasive approach. Caries risk is the likelihood of a patient developing new caries lesions in the near future. Assessment of a patient’s caries risk level can aid clinicians in predicting development of new caries lesions and allow for an individualised approach to caries management. This is in keeping with the concept of minimal intervention dentistry (MID), which deals with the causes of dental disease and not just the outcomes. The aim of MID is to maintain as much healthy tooth structure as possible and keep teeth functional for life.
XÁC ĐỊNH NỒNG ĐỘ BETA-2-MICROGLOBULIN HUYẾT TƯƠNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN SUY THẬN MẠN CHẠY THẬN NHÂN TẠO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN THỐNG NHẤT
Authors: Lê Thị Kim Cương Lê Thị Kim Cương , Lê Minh Khoa Lê Minh Khoa , Cao Thị Vân Cao Thị Vân , Nguyễn Thị Thanh Phương Nguyễn Thị Thanh Phương , Nguyễn Như Phương Nguyễn Như Phương , Lê Thị Thúy Lê Thị Thúy 
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Ngày nay tỉ lệ mắc bệnh thận càng ngày càng tăng, biến chứng những bệnh nhân sau lọc thận là vấn đề cần quan tâm, bệnh nhân lọc máu kéo dài dễ xuất hiện các biến chứng liên quan. Thoái hoá dạng tinh bột do tăng nồng độ beta-2-microglobulin (β2-M) là biến chứng thường gặp ở bệnh nhân suy thận giai đoạn cuối. Mục tiêu: Khảo sát nồng độ của β2-M huyết tương suy thận đang chạy thận nhân tạo, và đánh giá mối tương quan của beta-2-microglobulin với canxi và CRP, phosphor. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, với 171 bệnh nhân suy thận mạn đang chạy thận lọc máu chu kì tại Bệnh viện Thống Nhất, được xét nghiệm các chỉ số β2-M, canxi, CRP trên máy sinh xét nghiệm sinh hóa tự động Olympus AU5800 của hãng Beckman Coulter. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của nhóm nghiên cứu 64 ± 14 tuổi, giá trị trung bình chỉ số β2-M là 22.8 ± 4.2 (mg/L), chỉ số canxi là 2.1 ± 1.1 (mM), chỉ số CRP là 8.9 ± 14.7 (mg/L). Có mối tương quan nghịch mức độ vừa giữ nồng độ β2-M với nồng độ canxi (r = -0.52, p < 0.001, CRP có mối tương quan thuận mức độ yếu giữa nồng độ β2-M với CRP (r = 0.47, p < 0.005). Có mối tương quan thuận mức độ vừa giữa nồng độ B2-M với phosphor (r = 0.43, p < 0.0001).