bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of 496 children with brucellosis inVan,Turkey
Authors: Parlak Mehmet , Akbayram Sinan , Doğan Murat , Tuncer Oğuz , Bayram Yasemin , Ceylan Nesrin , Özlük Suat , Akbayram Hatice Tuba , Öner Abdurrahman 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundBrucellosis is the most common zoonotic disease worldwide and remains an important human disease especially in developing countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of childhood brucellosis inVan province ofEasternTurkey. To our knowledge, this is the largest series of childhood brucellosis reported in the literature.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 496 children with brucellosis were assessed for the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings fromJuly 2009 throughDecember 2013. The diagnosis of brucellosis was based on clinical findings and a standard tube agglutination test (titer ≥1:160). Data were analyzed usingMinitab version 16.ResultsThe study included 496 children (boys, 60.5%) with a mean age of 10.0 ± 3.95 years (range, 1–16 years). The most frequent clinical symptoms were arthralgia (46.2%), fever (32.1%), and abdominal pain (17.1%) and the most common clinical signs were peripheral arthritis (10.1%), splenomegaly (2.2%) and hepatomegaly (1.8%). The most contagious seasons were summer and autumn (63.3%). Elevated lactate dehydrogenase andC‐reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were reported in 63.1%, 58.7%, and 55.2% of the patients, respectively. Anemia (20.4%), thrombocytopenia (15.5%), and leukopenia (12.1%) were the most common hematologic findings.ConclusionsBrucellosis remains a serious public health problem inTurkey. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of childhood brucellosis have been described in order to assist clinicians in diagnosing and monitoring the disease.
Influence of surgical intervention on neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with focal intestinal perforation
Authors: Tanaka Yujiro , Uchida Hiroo , Kawashima Hiroshi , Sato Kaori , Takazawa Shinya , Deie Kyoichi , Masuko Takayuki , Kanno Keiichi , Shimizu Masaki 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal perforation is known to correlate with neurodevelopmental outcome in very low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants, and its two major causes are necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and focal intestinal perforation (FIP). Infants with FIP are reported to have better neurodevelopmental outcome than infants with NEC, but outcome has not been compared with that in infants without diseases that require surgery. The aim of this study was to compare neurodevelopmental outcomes between FIP survivors and infants without diseases that require surgery.MethodsRecords of VLBW infants with FIP and infants without surgical diseases were retrospectively analyzed. Neurodevelopmental outcome was compared between eight infants with FIP and 24 case‐matched control infants without surgical diseases using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development. Control group members were individually matched with FIP survivors for sex, gestational age, birthweight, and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) grade. Those with an episode of sepsis or severe IVH (grade 3–4) that occurred irrespective of FIP were excluded.ResultsThree FIP survivors and 12 infants without surgical diseases were classified as neurodevelopmentally normal (37.5% vs 50%, P = 0.69) at a corrected age of 18 months–3 years. All neurodevelopmentally normal FIP survivors were born at a gestational age ≥26 weeks.ConclusionExcluding the influence of sepsis or severe IVH, no significant difference was found in neurodevelopmental outcome between FIP survivors and infants without surgical diseases. None of the FIP infants born before 26 weeks of gestation, however, had normal neurodevelopment, suggesting that longer gestation might be needed to overcome the stress associated with FIP.
Incidence of febrile seizure in patients with Down syndrome
Authors: Shimakawa Shuichi , Tanabe Takuya , Ono Masae , Nonaka Michiko , Nambu Mitsuhiko , Shinohara Tohru , Nishikubo Toshiya , Fukui Miho , Nomura Shohei , Azumagawa Kohji , Tamai Hiroshi 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear whether the incidence of febrile seizure (FS) in children with Down syndrome (DS) is higher or lower than in the general population. In this study, we investigated the incidence of FS in DS patients using mailed questionnaires.MethodsThe questionnaires were distributed to parents or caregivers of DS patients attending Osaka Medical College Hospital and six other facilities. The questionnaires were returned by mail from February 2012 to September 2013 from 323 families of DS patients (176 male, 147 female; age range, 3 months–47 years; median age, 5.0 years). To assess the incidence of FS in DS, we performed the following two analyses: (i) we calculated the incidence of FS among DS patients between the ages of 4 and 20 years (n = 199; 113 male, 86 female), and (ii) we extracted families with both DS and healthy siblings between the ages of 4 and 20 years (n = 150; 77 male, 73 female) and compared the incidence of FS in these sibling groups.ResultsFive DS patients had a past history of FS. The incidence of FS in DS was 2.5%. The incidence of FS was significantly lower in DS patients compared with healthy siblings (P < 0.003; OR, 0.14).ConclusionThe incidence of FS is lower in DS patients than in the general population.
Influence of temperature and photoperiod on embryonic development in the dragonfly Sympetrum striolatum (Odonata: Libellulidae)
Authors: Koch Kamilla 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTemperature and photoperiod play major roles in insect ecology. Many insect species have fixed degree‐days for embryogenesis, with minimum and maximum temperature thresholds for egg and larval development and hatching. Often, photoperiodic changes trigger the transfer into the next life‐cycle stadium. However, it is not known whether this distinct pattern also exist in a species with a high level of phenotypic plasticity in life‐history traits. In the present study, eggs of the dragonfly Sympetrum striolatum Charpentier (Odonata: Libellulidae) are reared under different constant and fluctuating temperatures and photoperiodic conditions in several laboratory and field experiments. In general, and as expected, higher temperatures cause faster egg development. However, no general temperature or light‐days for eyespot development and hatching are found. The minimum temperature thresholds are distinguished for survival (2 °C), embryogenesis (6 °C) and larval hatching (above 6 °C). Low winter temperatures synchronize hatching. Above 36 °C, no eyespots are visible and no larvae hatch. In laboratory experiments, light is neither necessary for eyespot development, nor for hatching. By contrast to the laboratory experiments, the field experiment show that naturally changing temperature and photoperiod play a significant role in the seasonal regulation of embryonic development. The post‐eyespot development is more variable and influenced by temperature and photoperiod than the pre‐eyespot development. This developmental plasticity at the end of the embryogenesis might be a general pattern in the Libellulidae, helping them to cope with variation in environmental conditions.
Premovement high‐alpha power is modulated by previous movement errors: Indirect evidence to endorse high‐alpha power as a marker of resource allocation during motor programming
Authors: Cooke Andrew , Gallicchio Germano , Kavussanu Maria , Willoughby Adrian , McIntyre David , Ring Christopher 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPrevious electroencephalographic studies have identified premovement high‐alpha power as a predictor of movement accuracy; less frontal‐central high‐alpha power is associated with accurate movements (e.g., holed golf putts), and could reflect more cognitive resources being allocated to response programming. The present experiment tested this interpretation. Ten expert and ten novice golfers completed 120 putts while high‐alpha power was recorded and analyzed as a function of whether the previous putt was holed (i.e., a correct response) or missed (i.e., an error). Existing evidence indicates that more resources are allocated to response programming following errors. We observed less premovement high‐alpha power following errors, especially in experts. Our findings provide indirect evidence that high‐alpha power is an inverse marker of the amount of resources allocated to motor response programming.
Innovation and Intellectual Property Rights in a Product‐cycle Model of Skills Accumulation
Authors: Chen Hung‐Ju 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of stronger intellectual property rights protection in the South based on a North–South general‐equilibrium model with foreign direct investment (FDI). Two types of innovation are considered – innovation targeting all products and innovation targeting only imitated products. We show that for both types of innovation, there will be increases in the innovation rate and Northern wage inequality and a decrease in the proportion of Northern unskilled labor if imitation intensity is sufficiently low. As regards the pattern of production, the extent of FDI will increase while the extent of Northern production and Southern production will decrease.
Bayesian Reconstruction of Two-Sex Populations By Age: Estimating Sex Ratios at Birth and Sex Ratios of Mortality
Authors: Wheldon Mark C. , Raftery Adrian E. , Clark Samuel J. , Gerland Patrick 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThe original version of Bayesian reconstruction, which is a method for estimating age-specific fertility, mortality, migration and population counts of the recent past with uncertainty, produced estimates for female-only populations. Here we show how two-sex populations can be similarly reconstructed and probabilistic estimates of various sex ratio quantities obtained. We demonstrate the method by reconstructing the populations of India from 1971 to 2001, Thailand from 1960 to 2000 and Laos from 1985 to 2005. We found evidence that, in India, the sex ratio at birth exceeded its conventional upper limit of 1.06, and, further, increased over the period of study, with posterior probability above 0.9. In addition, almost uniquely, we found evidence that life expectancy at birth, e0, was lower for females than for males in India (posterior probability for 1971–1976 equal to 0.79), although there was strong evidence for a reversal of the gap through to 2001. In both Thailand and Laos, we found strong evidence for the more usual result that e0 was greater for females and, in Thailand, that the difference increased over the period of study.
Deriving Small Area Estimates from Information Technology Business Surveys
Authors: Militino A. F. , Ugarte M. D. , Goicoa T. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryKnowledge of the current state of the art in information and communication technology of businesses (ICTB) is an important issue for governments, markets and policy makers, because information technology improves access to information and plays an important role in firms’ competitiveness. Statistical agencies use normalized surveys to provide harmonized statistics about the use of technology in enterprises. Classical design-based estimators are appropriate for large domains, because direct estimates are consistent and easy to obtain by using sampling weights. However, to supply estimates for unplanned domains, where the sample size is random, model-based estimators are usually required. In this paper, alternative logistic model-based estimators are suggested to derive small area estimates from ICTB surveys. Final estimates are benchmarked to achieve coherence with direct estimates in larger domains, and standard errors are given by using bootstrap techniques. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to compare the performance of the small area estimators proposed and to evaluate the behaviour of the mean-squared error estimator. Results are illustrated with the 2010 ICTB survey of the Basque country (Spain).
The Political Economy of Public Expenditures in Agriculture: Applications of Concepts to Mozambique
Authors: Mogues Tewodaj , do Rosario Domingos 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis paper undertakes an investigation of agricultural public investments in Mozambique, drawing on insights from qualitative field interviews conducted in Mozambique, secondary data analysis and examination of the existing empirical literature, and by situating these insights within a political economy conceptual framework. We explore the driving factors behind the amount and allocation of public funds to agriculture, and behind the differential attention that various types of public investments receive in the process of making decisions on resource allocation. Agricultural public investments are more likely to be made that have two key features: higher attributability to politicians and donors of the output of public spending, and a shorter lag time between expenditures incurred and outputs produced. Evidence on geographical targeting of agricultural public funds corresponds more closely with theories suggesting that resources are used to sway communities opposed to the ruling party, rather than to reward political supporters. Examination of the effect of actors' and organisations' incentives and constraints on resource allocation in agriculture points to the importance of not treating “government,” “the ruling party” and other institutions as monolithic bodies; the paper instead highlights how differentiated interests within seemingly coherent institutions drive what gets public expenditure attention in the agricultural sector.
ŚŪNYATĀ AND KOKORO: SCIENCE–RELIGION DIALOGUE IN THE JAPANESE CONTEXT
Authors: Kim Seung Chul 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWhen we read books or essays about the dialogue between “religion and science,” or when we attend conferences on the theme of “religion and science,” we cannot avoid the impression that they actually are dealing, almost without exception, not with a dialogue between “religion and science,” but with a dialogue between “Christianity and science.” This could easily be affirmed by looking at the major publications in this field. But how can the science–religion dialogue take place in a world where conventional Christian concepts of God, religion, and science are foreign and unfamiliar? Is the critique that the scientist plays God still valid when there is no “God” at all? This article tries to answer the questions mentioned above, and seeks to sketch out some aspects of the science–religion dialogue in Japan which I believe could contribute a new paradigm for understanding and describing ultimate reality.
Complete Genomic Sequence of European Bat Lyssavirus 1, Isolated from Eptesicus isabellinus in Spain
Authors: Marston Denise A. , Vázquez-Morón Sonia , Ellis Richard J. , Wise Emma L. , McElhinney Lorraine M. , de Lamballerie Xavier , Fooks Anthony R. , Echevarría Juan E. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT
All members of the lyssavirus genus cause the disease rabies. European bat lyssavirus 1 (EBLV-1) viruses are divided genetically into three groups according to geographic location and host reservoir. We report here the first genome sequence for an EBLV-1 isolated from Eptesiscus isabellinus in the Iberian Peninsula, Spain.
Draft Genome of Australian Environmental Strain WM 09.24 of the Opportunistic Human Pathogen Scedosporium aurantiacum
Authors: Pérez-Bercoff Åsa , Papanicolaou Alexie , Ramsperger Marc , Kaur Jashanpreet , Patel Hardip R. , Harun Azian , Duan Shu Yao , Elbourne Liam , Bouchara Jean-Philippe , Paulsen Ian T. , Nevalainen Helena , Meyer Wieland , Huttley Gavin A. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT
We report here the first genome assembly and annotation of the human-pathogenic fungus Scedosporium aurantiacum, with a predicted 10,525 genes, and 11,661 transcripts. The strain WM 09.24 was isolated from the environment at Circular Quay, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Genome Sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCIM3107, Used in Bioethanol Production
Authors: Ulaganathan Kandasamy , Sravanthi Goud Burragoni , Reddy Mettu Madhavi , Praveen Kumar Vanaparthi , Radhakrishna Surabhi , Balsingh Jatoth 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the genome of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
strain NCIM3107, used in bioethanol production. The genome size is approximately 11.8 Mb and contains 5,435 protein-coding genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of Chemolithoautotrophic Acetogenic Butanol-Producing Eubacterium limosum ATCC 8486
Authors: Song Yoseb , Cho Byung-Kwan 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT

Eubacterium limosum
ATCC 8486 is an anaerobic chemolithoautotrophic acetogenic bacterium that converts and transforms syngas and isoflavonoids to butanol and phytoestrogens, respectively. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the E. limosum ATCC 8486 (4.37 Mb) strain and its annotation information, including syngas fermentation and denitrification metabolic pathways.
Draft Genome Sequence of Cellulophaga sp. E6, a Marine Algal Epibiont That Produces a Quorum-Sensing Inhibitory Compound Active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Lafleur J. E. , Costa S. K. , Bitzer A. S. , Silby M. W. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT

The genus Cellulophaga is composed of obligate aerobic Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in association with marine algae. We report the approximately 4.42-Mbp draft genome sequence of Cellulophaga sp. E6, which inhibits
N
-(3-oxododecanoyl)-
l
-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C
12
-HSL)–mediated quorum sensing (QS),
lasB
transcription, and biofilm formation by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
.
Antibiotic prescribing on admission to patients with pneumonia and prior outpatient antibiotic treatment: a cohort study on clinical outcome
Authors: van de Garde Ewoudt M W , Natsch Stephanie , Prins Jan M , van der Linden Paul D 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveMost pneumonia treatment guidelines recommend that prior outpatient antibiotic treatment should be considered when planning inpatient antibiotic regimen. Our purpose was to study in patients admitted for community-acquired pneumonia the mode of continuing antibiotic treatment at the outpatient to inpatient transition and the subsequent clinical course.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingDutch PHARMO Record Linkage System.Participants7323 patients aged >18 years and hospitalised with pneumonia in the Netherlands between 2004 and 2010.Main study parameterWe identified all prescribed antibiotics prior to, during and after hospitalisation. In case of prior outpatient treatment, the continuation of antibiotic treatment on admission was categorised as: no atypical coverage > no atypical coverage; atypical coverage > atypical coverage; no atypical coverage > atypical coverage; and atypical coverage > no atypical coverage.Main outcome measuresLength of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality and readmission within 30 days.ResultsTwenty-two per cent of the patients had received prior outpatient treatment, of which 408 (25%) patients were switched on admission to antibiotics with atypical coverage. There were no differences in length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality or readmission rate between the four categories of patients with prior outpatient treatment. The adjusted HR for adding atypical coverage versus no atypical coverage was 0.91 (95% CI 0.55 to 1.51) for time to discharge. For in-hospital mortality and readmission within 30 days, the adjusted ORs were 1.09 (95% CI 0.85 to 1.34) and 0.59 (95% CI 0.30 to 1.18), respectively.ConclusionsThis study found no association between mode of continuing antibiotic treatment at the outpatient to inpatient transition and relevant clinical outcomes. In particular, adding atypical coverage in patients without prior atypical coverage did not influence the outcome.
A bibliometric analysis of cancer research in South Africa: study protocol
Authors: Moodley Jennifer , Singh Vedantha , Kagina Benjamin M , Abdullahi Leila , Hussey Gregory D 
Published: February 2015

IntroductionCancer is an important and growing public health burden in South Africa (SA). Over the past few decades, there has been considerable scientific activity in cancer in SA. However, there has been limited analysis of cancer scientific publications. In this paper, we present a protocol for bibliometric analysis of cancer research conducted in SA.Methods and analysisA comprehensive search of the journal databases PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science and EBSCO will be conducted to identify and retrieve data from primary peer-reviewed cancer research articles using a set of consensus search words. Articles that involve cancer research conducted in SA or using biological or clinical data from South African participants and published between 2004 and 2014 will be included in the study. Two independent researchers will screen the articles for eligibility. Bibliometric indicators and study characteristics will be extracted, entered into a database and analysed. The cancer disease site will be recorded and research will be classified using the Common Scientific Outline system. Data obtained will be analysed to determine SA's publication productivity index in cancer research. Annual trends in bibliometric indicators and the type of cancer research will be determined. The degree of collaboration in research conducted in SA will be analysed using co-authorship matrix software. A publication to disease type ratio will be used to assess scientific production relative to disease burden.Ethics and disseminationAs this analysis will draw on publicly available data and does not directly involve human participants, ethical review is not required. We anticipate that the bibliometric analysis will identify the trends in cancer research productivity and the extent to which cancer research is aligned to the local burden of disease. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented in a user-friendly format to relevant policymakers and funders.