bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Decarboxylative Acylation of N‐, O‐, S‐Nucleophiles and Peptides with 2,2‐Disubstituted Malonic Acids.
Authors: Lebedyeva Iryna O. , Biswas Suvendu , Goncalves Kevin , Sileno Sean M. , Jackson Ashton R. , Patel Kunal , Steel Peter J. , Katritzky Alan R. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCarbonyl benzotriazoles, generated from 2,2‐disubstituted malonic acids and benzotriazole, readily acylate nucleophilic reagents and peptides furnishing libraries of conjugates and peptidomimetics.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New β‐Hydroxy Amino Acid‐Coupled Secoiridoids from the Flower Buds of Lonicera japonica: Isolation, Structure Elucidation, Semisynthesis, and Biological Activities.
Authors: Song Wei‐Xia , Yang Yong‐Chun , Shi Jian‐Gong 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTwo new β‐hydroxy amino acid‐coupled secoiridoids, serinosecologanin (Ia) and threoninosecologanin (Ib), are isolated which exhibit resistant activity against β‐glucosidase from almonds and hesperidinase from Aspergillus niger.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Syntheses of the Methyl Glycosides of 2‐Deoxy‐2‐aminohexoses: D‐Allosamine, D‐Mannosamine, D‐Idosamine and D‐Talosamine.
Authors: Davies Stephen G. , Fletcher Ai M. , Foster Emma M. , Lee James A. , Roberts Paul M. , Thomson James E. , Waul Michael A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAs is demonstrated for the D‐allosamine presursor (VI), the approach to the title compounds includes the auxiliary (II) and the oxidant CSO in the stereodefining key step.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Total Synthesis: The First Total Synthesis of Chiral Alkaloid Pimprinol A (III) and the Facile Construction of Its Natural Congeners from Amino Acids.
Authors: Xiang Jiachen , Wang Jungang , Wang Miao , Meng Xianggao , Wu Anxin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn the reaction process, α‐keto aldehydes, generated by iodination/Kornblum oxidation from (I), are trapped in situ by amino acids (II) and (IV) to approach the target compounds (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Tetrahydrolipstatin and Stereoisomers via a Highly Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Carbonylation of Epoxyhomoallylic Alcohols.
Authors: Mulzer Michael , Tiegs Brandon J. , Wang Yanping , Coates Geoffrey W. , O'Doherty George A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCompound (I) and seven stereoisomers thereof are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: The Applications of Palladacycles as Transition‐Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Mo Dong‐Liang , Zhang Ting‐Ke , Ge Guang‐Cun , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Ding Chang‐Hua , Dai Li‐Xin , Hou Xue‐Long 
Published: February 2015

AbstractReview: [39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enamine/Enolate‐Mediated Organocatalytic Azide‐Carbonyl [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions for the Synthesis of Densely Functionalized 1,2,3‐Triazoles
Authors: Ramasastry Sripada S. V. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractReview: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed α‐Arylation Reactions in Total Synthesis
Authors: Sivanandan Sudheesh T. , Shaji Ashna , Ibnusaud Ibrahim , Seechurn Carin C. C. Johansson , Colacot Thomas J. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractReview: [recent applications of α‐arylation in total syntheses both of natural products and of active pharmaceutical ingredients; 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Absolute Asymmetric Synthesis in Enantioselective Autocatalytic Reaction Networks: Theoretical Games, Speculations on Chemical Evolution and Perhaps a Synthetic Option
Authors: Ribo Josep M. , Blanco Celia , Crusats Joaquim , El‐Hachemi Zoubir , Hochberg David , Moyano Albert 
Published: February 2015

AbstractReview: [73 refs.
Interactive Segmentation of Color Images Based on Color Saliency
Authors: GION DAIKI , TAKIMOTO HIRONORI , KISHIHARA MITSUYOSHI , OKUBO KENSUKE 
Published: February 2015

SUMMARYEfficient interactive foreground extraction from color images is of great practical importance in computer vision. In recent years, an approach based on optimization using graph‐cuts has been widely used. However, an interactive foreground extraction approach, which is intuitive and efficient for users, is required for practical applications. In this paper, we propose a novel interactive foreground extraction method based on color saliency. In our method, the user provides only some foreground pixels as the initial reference. To achieve extraction of multiple target objects, the likelihoods of the foreground and background are defined by a Gaussian mixture model and a color saliency map based on the provided reference pixels. These likelihoods are added to the cost of the proposed graph. Finally, image segmentation is performed by optimizing the proposed graph using the graph‐cut algorithm.
Self‐Sustaining Vibration Sensors Using Multiple Cantilever‐Type Piezoelectric Bimorphs with Different Resonant Frequencies
Authors: LI ZHENGHAO , HAMASHIMA MIO , MURO HIDEO 
Published: February 2015

SUMMARYIn order to realize a vibration sensor, which can operate without power supply, an optimization of the sensor configuration was studied using commercial piezoelectric bimorphs. The dependences of the energy conversion efficiency on the weight of metal mass attached to the tip of the piezoelectric bimorph and peripheral circuit components were investigated. Vibration sensors using several piezoelectric bimorphs with different weights were designed, fabricated, and tested.
Printed Thermoelectric Devices Using Vanadate Glass Composite Materials
Authors: Takano Hideaki , Takubo Chisaki , Asai Kengo , Sawai Yuichi , Fujieda Tadashi , Naito Takashi , Kurata Hideaki , Goto Yasushi 
Published: February 2015

SUMMARYThermoelectric (TE) devices have emerged as one of the most promising new technologies for use as sensor module energy harvesters and as waste‐heat recovery systems. Low‐cost and large‐area printed TE devices are suitable because heat sources are widely distributed throughout the environment. In addition, high reliability is also required of the TE materials because the devices are operated in high‐temperature environments over long periods of time. In this study, we developed glass matrix TE composite materials that have a higher softening temperature than organic materials. Using low melting point vanadate glasses as the matrix materials, we fabricated n‐type Bi2Te3‐vanadate glass and p‐type Bi0.3Sb1.7Te3‐vanadate glass composites. The figure of merit (ZT) of both materials was approximately 0.2 at temperatures between 25 °C and 300 °C. We also fabricated a pair of thermocouple devices using these vanadate glass composites with simple printing process, and an output voltage of 5 mV was obtained when the thermocouple pair was placed on a hot plate heated to 90 °C.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation‐Induced Synchrony Modulation of Local Field Potential in the Rat Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Kano Ryuji , Usami Kenichi , Noda Takahiro , Shiramatsu Tomoyo I. , Kanzaki Ryohei , Kawai Kensuke , Takahashi Hirokazu 
Published: February 2015

SUMMARYVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a surgical treatment for intractable epilepsy. Although VNS has been used to treat more than 60,000 patients, the precise therapeutic mechanism of action has not been elucidated. Here, we hypothesize that VNS modulates the local synchronization of cortical activities and thus inhibits seizures. In order to verify this hypothesis, we mapped local field potentials (LFPs) with high‐spatial resolution using a microelectrode array from the temporal cortices of adult rats and analyzed VNS‐induced phase modulation at the local network level. VNS significantly increased the phase locking value (PLV), an index of synchronization, specifically at the gamma band. The optimal stimulation pulse of VNS was 0.5 mA delivered at 10 Hz. This PLV modulation was most effective when the interelectrode distance was about 1.6 mm. Gamma‐band PLVs within the auditory cortex increased more significantly than those between the auditory and nonauditory cortices, while alpha‐ and low‐beta PLV exhibited more synchronization between the auditory and nonauditory cortices. These results demonstrate that VNS modulates cortical synchronization in a band specific manner, and has some implications for the mechanism of action of VNS.
Bis‐ and Tris(carboxylato)platinum(IV) Complexes with Mixed Am(m)ine Ligands in the trans Position Exhibiting Exceptionally High Cytotoxicity
Authors: Hoffmeister Björn R. , Hejl Michaela , Jakupec Michael A. , Galanski Mathea Sophia , Keppler Bernhard K. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA series of seven diam(m)inebis(carboxylato)dihydroxidoplatinum(IV) and eleven diam(m)inetris(carboxylato)hydroxidoplatinum(IV) complexes with am(m)ine ligands in the trans position was synthesized and characterized by multinuclear 1H, 13C, 15N, 195Pt NMR spectroscopy. IC50 values for all eighteen substances were determined by means of the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for three human cancer cell lines. In cisplatin‐sensitive CH1(PA‐1) cancer cells, diam(m)inebis(carboxylato)dihydroxidoplatinum(IV) complexes displayed 50 % inhibitory concentrations in the micromolar range, whereas for the most lipophilic compounds of the diam(m)inetris(carboxylato)hydroxidoplatinum(IV) series, promising IC50 values in the nanomolar range were found.
Differential Reactivity of [TpRu(κ2P,N‐iPr2PXPy)Cl] (X = NH, S) Bearing Hemilabile Coligands Towards NaBArF4, Lithium Acetylide, and Acetylenes
Authors: Singh Vinay K. , Puerta M. Carmen , Valerga Pedro 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn contrast with [TpRu(κ2P,N‐iPr2PNHPy)Cl] (1a, Tp = trispyrazolylborate), [TpRu(κ2P,N‐iPr2PSPy)Cl] (1b) reacts with sodium tetrakis[3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate (NaBArF4) in fluorobenzene under nitrogen to afford the dinuclear complex [{TpRu(κ2P,N‐iPr2PSPy)}2(μ‐Cl)][BArF4] (1b′). Through diverse synthetic strategies, a series of neutral acetylides [TpRu(C≡CR)(κ2P,N‐iPr2PXHPy)] [X = NH; R = Ph (2a), SiMe3 (2b); X = S; R = Ph (2c), p‐C6H4Br (2d), COOMe (2e)], cationic vinylidene complexes [TpRu(=C=CHR)(κ2P,N‐iPr2PNHPy)]+ [X = NH; R = Ph (3a), SiMe3 (3b); X = S; R = Ph (3c), p‐C6H4Br (3d)] and [TpRu(=C=CH2)(κ2P,N‐iPr2PNHPy)]+ (3e), and a cationic η2‐alkyne complex [TpRu(η2‐HC≡CCOOMe)(κ2P,N‐iPr2PSPy)][BArF4] have been efficiently synthesized from 1a and 1b. The methoxy(methyl)carbene complexes [TpRu{=C(OMe)CH3}(κ2P,N‐iPr2PXPy)][BPh4] [X = NH (5a), S (5b)] were isolated from the reactions of 1a and 1b with acetylene gas in the presence of NaBArF4 in methanol. The deprotonation of the cationic vinylidenes derived from 1b with KtBuO affords the corresponding neutral acetylide complexes, which undergo facile protonation with CF3SO3H to reproduce the cationic vinylidenes quantitatively.
Trihaloisocyanuric Acids as Atom‐Economic Reagents for Halogenation of Aromatics and Carbonyl Compounds in the Solid State by Ball Milling
Authors: Mishra Abhaya K. , Nagarajaiah Honnappa , Moorthy Jarugu Narasimha 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIt is shown that both tribromoisocyanuric acid (TBCA) and trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) are excellent reagents for direct halogenation of electron‐rich aromatics under solvent‐free, ball‐milling conditions. The results are remarkable in light of the fact that chlorination of aromatics without any acid catalyst is heretofore unknown. The procedure is operationally simple, and the reactions occur within a few hours, affording high yields of halogenated products. Similarly, crystalline β‐keto dicarbonyl compounds are shown to undergo direct α,α‐dihalogenation with TBCA and TCCA with ball milling. Whereas monoketones are found to be unreactive with TBCA/TCCA, addition of 25 mol‐% of p‐toluenesulfonic acid as a solid catalyst catalyzes the reaction, leading to the formation of α‐chloro/bromo ketones in very good isolated yields. The fact that each of the reagents, in principle, serves as a source of three halogen atoms should render solvent‐free halogenation of aromatics and carbonyl compounds with TBCA/TCCA an invaluable synthetic protocol.
High Affinity Fluorescent Ligands for the Estrogen Receptor
Authors: Abendroth Frank , Solleder Marthe , Mangoldt Dorothea , Welker Pia , Licha Kai , Weber Marcus , Seitz Oliver 
Published: February 2015

AbstractFluorescent binders of the estrogen receptor (ER) are used in binding assays and in detection or imaging studies. However, fluorescence labelling of ER ligands usually leads to substantial decreases in binding affinity. In this study, we describe the development of high affinity fluorescent ER ligands. Cyanine dyes of the MiDye series were directly attached to the SERMs 4‐hydroxytamoxifen (OHT) and raloxifene (Ral); linkers were deliberately omitted. This approach yielded conjugates with ERα binding affinities superior to the natural ligand estradiol. The OHT‐ and Ral‐MiDye conjugates emitted in the 600–800 nm range. First round staining experiments showed that the conjugates, but not the dyes alone, accumulate in cells expressing estrogen‐binding receptors.
Benz‐Bisimidazole‐Bridged Perylenes – Linearly Expanded Chromophores
Authors: Schönamsgruber Jörg , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of a new type of very large perylene‐based molecules 9 are reported. The extension of the conjugated π system was accomplished by the facile condensation of two bay‐functionalized perylene moieties with 1,2,4,5‐tetraaminobenzene. The resulting chromophore in 9 consists of 35 conjugated π‐electron pairs and, therefore, is comparable to pentarylenes and hexarylenes containing 31 and 36 conjugated π‐electron pairs, respectively. The unsubstituted imine N atoms of the benz‐bisimidazole bridges in 9 can be readily and reversibly protonated to give the dications 9aH22+. The twofold protonation of 9 is accompanied by a bathochromic shift of the main absorption band and pronounced fluorescence quenching. The experimental results were corroborated by quantum mechanical calculations.
Synthesis of C6‐Pyridylpurine Nucleosides by Reaction of Nebularine N1‐Oxide with Pyridinyl Grignard Reagents
Authors: D'Errico Stefano , Oliviero Giorgia , Borbone Nicola , Nici Fabrizia , Piccialli Vincenzo , Pinto Brunella , D'Alonzo Daniele , Mayol Luciano , Piccialli Gennaro 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA general synthesis of C6‐pyridylpurine nucleosides is described. The reported synthetic procedure exploits the regioselective addition of pyridinyl Grignard reagents, obtained by bromine/magnesium exchange between mono‐ or dihalopyridines and iPrMgCl, to the C6–N1–O– moiety of nebularine N1‐oxide. The regioselective transmetallation of unsymmetrical dihalopyridines with iPrMgCl allowed C6‐halopyridylpurine nucleosides to be obtained through the addition of halopyridinyl Grignard reagents. The presence of a halogenated pyridine ring in these nucleosides allows for further useful synthetic transformations.
Formation of Highly Charged Quasi‐Molecular Ions of a Polycationic [60]Fullerene Hexakis‐Adduct and Their Fragmentation Behavior in the Gas Phase
Authors: Li Jing , Nye Leanne C. , Wasserthal Lennard K. , Vinh Chau , Kirschbaum Rolf W. , Ivanović‐Burmazović Ivana , Hirsch Andreas , Drewello Thomas 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA novel polycationic [60]fullerene hexakis‐adduct has been synthesized and investigated by electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry. The polycationic ligand system comprises 12 pre‐formed positive charges, compensated in the neutral molecule by bromide anions. Stable quasi‐molecular cations were obtained through the release of the anionic counter ions covering a charge‐state envelope from 3+ to 12+. Collision‐induced dissociation experiments revealed three fragmentation pathways. A dominant neutral loss channel leads to daughter ions of the same charge state as the highly charged precursor ion and singly charged daughter ions can be expelled from the polycations through two distinct dissociation channels involving both the neutral and the charge‐carrying part of their ligands.
Controls on the location, morphology and evolution of complex esker systems at decadal timescales, Breiðamerkurjökull, southeast Iceland
Authors: Storrar Robert D. , Evans David J. A. , Stokes Chris R. , Ewertowski Marek 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis paper uses detailed mapping of eskers to address three questions which are important for reconstructing meltwater behaviour beneath contemporary and ancient ice masses: ‘What controls the morphology of simple and complex esker systems?’, ‘How do esker systems evolve through time?’ and ‘Are esker patterns compatible with groundwater controlled hydraulic spacing of esker tunnels?’. Esker crestlines and widths are mapped on the Breiðamerkurjökull foreland for eight time slices between 1945 and 2007, from high resolution (~50 cm) aerial photography, permitting their long‐term morphological evolution to be analysed in a high level of detail. We find that complex eskers develop where meltwater and sediment is abundant, such that sediment clogs channels, forming distributary eskers. Isolated eskers are simpler and smaller and reflect less abundant meltwater and sediment, which is unable to clog channels. Eskers may take several decades to emerge from outwash deposits containing buried ice and can increase or decrease in size when ice surrounding and underlying them melts out. It has been suggested that groundwater–channel coupling dictates the spacing between eskers at Breiðamerkurjökull. Our results do not dispute this, but suggest that the routing of sediment and meltwater through medial moraines is an additional important control on esker location and spacing. These results may be used to better understand the processes surrounding esker formation in a variety of geographical settings, enabling a more detailed understanding of the operation of meltwater drainage systems in sub‐marginal zones beneath glaciers and ice sheets. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fipronil promotes motor and behavioral changes in honey bees (Apis mellifera) and affects the development of colonies exposed to sublethal doses
Authors: Zaluski Rodrigo , Kadri Samir Moura , Alonso Diego Peres , Martins Ribolla Paulo Eduardo , de Oliveira Orsi Ricardo 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

Bees play a crucial role in pollination and generate honey and other hive products; therefore, their worldwide decline is cause for concern. New broad-spectrum systemic insecticides such as fipronil can harm bees and their use has been discussed as a potential threat to bees' survival. In the present study, the authors evaluate the in vitro toxicity of fipronil and note behavioral and motor activity changes in Africanized adult Apis mellifera that ingest or come into contact with lethal or sublethal doses of fipronil. The effects of sublethal doses on brood viability, population growth, behavior, and the expression of the defensin 1 gene in adult bees were studied in colonies fed with contaminated sugar syrup (8 µg fipronil L−1). Fipronil is highly toxic to bees triggering agitation, seizures, tremors, and paralysis. Bees that are exposed to a lethal or sublethal doses showed reduced motor activity. The number of eggs that hatched, the area occupied by worker eggs, and the number of larvae and pupae that developed were reduced, adult bees showed lethargy, and colonies were abandoned when they were exposed to sublethal doses of fipronil. No change was seen in the bees' expression of defensin 1. The authors conclude that fipronil is highly toxic to honey bees and even sublethal doses may negatively affect the development and maintenance of colonies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1062–1069. © 2015 SETAC
Development of effective connectivity in the core network for face perception
Authors: He Wei , Garrido Marta I. , Sowman Paul F. , Brock Jon , Johnson Blake W. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis study measured effective connectivity within the core face network in young children using a paediatric magnetoencephalograph (MEG). Dynamic casual modeling (DCM) of brain responses was performed in a group of adults (N = 14) and a group of young children aged from 3 to 6 years (N = 15). Three candidate DCM models were tested, and the fits of the MEG data to the three models were compared at both individual and group levels. The results show that the connectivity structure of the core face network differs significantly between adults and children. Further, the relative strengths of face network connections were differentially modulated by experimental conditions in the two groups. These results support the interpretation that the core face network undergoes significant structural configuration and functional specialization between four years of age and adulthood. Hum Brain Mapp 36:2161–2173, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Impact of Near‐Universal Insurance Coverage on Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening: Evidence from Massachusetts
Authors: Sabik Lindsay M. , Bradley Cathy J. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates the effect of expansion to near‐universal health insurance coverage in Massachusetts on breast and cervical cancer screening. We use data from 2002 to 2010 to compare changes in receipt of mammograms and Pap tests in Massachusetts relative to other New England states. We also consider the effect specifically among low‐income women. We find positive effects of Massachusetts health reform on cancer screening, suggesting a 4 to 5% increase in mammograms and 6 to 7% increase in Pap tests annually. Increases in both breast and cervical cancer screening are larger 3 years after the implementation of reform than in the year immediately following, suggesting that there may be an adjustment or learning period. Low‐income women experience greater increases in breast and cervical cancer screening than the overall population; among women with household income less than 250% of the federal poverty level, mammograms increase by approximately 8% and Pap tests by 9%. Overall, Massachusetts health reform appears to have increased breast and cervical cancer screening, particularly among low‐income women. Our results suggest that reform was successful in promoting preventive care among targeted populations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Impact of Hospital Acquisition of Physician Practices on Referral Patterns
Authors: Carlin Caroline S. , Feldman Roger , Dowd Bryan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMultiple parties influence the choice of facility for hospital‐based inpatient and outpatient services. The patient is the central figure, but their choice of facility is guided by their physician and influenced by hospital characteristics. This study estimated changes in referral patterns for inpatient admissions and outpatient diagnostic imaging associated with changes in ownership of three multispecialty clinic systems headquartered in Minneapolis‐St. Paul, MN. These clinic systems were acquired by two hospital‐owned integrated delivery systems (IDSs) in 2007, increasing the probability that hospital preferences influenced physician guidance on facility choice. We used a longitudinal dataset that allowed us to predict changes in referral patterns, controlling for health plan enrollee, coverage, and clinic system characteristics.The results are an important empirical contribution to the literature examining the impact of hospital ownership on location of service. When this change in ownership forged new relationships, there was a significant reduction in the use of facilities historically selected for inpatient admissions and outpatient imaging and an increase in the use of the acquiring IDS's facilities. These changes were weaker in the IDS acquiring two clinic systems, suggesting that management of multiple acquisitions simultaneously may impact the ability of the IDS to build strong referral relationships. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.