bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of lay‐up sequences on cylindrical parts drawability of CFRP laminates
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Jia Xuexue , Xue Wenkai , Wang Ting , Jia Hongjie , Ren Mingwen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCarbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) is one of the ideal materials in the field of automotive lightweight. As one of the traditional manufacturing processes of CFRP, autoclave process has long production time, high cost and complicated operation. To overcome these shortcomings, deep drawing can be used for CFRP forming. It has the advantages of stable product quality, good repeatability, low cost, simple operation and can produce parts with complex shapes. In this paper, the influence of lay‐up sequences on the drawability of cylindrical parts was studied by using self‐made deep drawing device. The results showed that among the four lay‐up sequences [0]°12, [0/90]°6, [0/90/45/‐45/90/0]°S and [15/30/……/180]°, the [15/30/……/180]° lay‐up parts had excellent deformation coordination ability due to less angular variation in the fiber direction, and the maximum depth of 21.99 mm could be obtained. Due to the influence of wrinkles, the thickness of [15/30/……/180]° parts increased at the die corner and side wall. The thickness decreased at the flange, punch corner and bottom due to the compressive pressure. In addition, [15/30/……/180]° lay‐up parts benefited from the high level of in‐plane isotropy of the helicoidal structure, it had the fewest forming defects. The resin poor areas and resin rich areas were less and no fiber cracks were found.Highlights
Investigated the influence of lay‐up sequences on the drawability of CFRP.
The forming depth of [15/30/……/180]° parts was 21.99 mm.
[15/30/……/180]° lay‐up parts had the best drawability.
No cracks were found on the [15/30/……/180]° part.
In Memoriam: The Life and Scientific Accomplishments of Frank A. L. Anet (1926–2024)
Authors: Freedberg Darón I. , Hud Nicholas V. , Kopelevich Max , O'Leary Daniel J. , Strouse Jane 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTA memorial tribute detailing the life and scientific accomplishments of Frank A. L. Anet, a pioneer of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy who discovered bedrock principles in organic chemistry and magnetic resonance. He was the first to show that nuclear Overhauser effects could provide structural information, significantly impacting future NMR applications. In the 1960s and 1970s, he built entire multinuclear NMR spectrometers operating as high as 396 MHz for protons, detecting nuclei inaccessible to commercial instruments, and operating at very low temperatures for studying molecular structure and dynamics. A titan of physical organic chemistry, Frank made important contributions in the areas of conformational analysis, stereochemistry, isotope effects, NMR relaxation theory, and chemical origins of life.
Supraventricular tachycardia diagnosis in asthma patients is associated with adverse health outcomes
Authors: Markus Havell , Ceneviva Gary D. , Thomas Neal J. , Krawiec Conrad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionSupraventricular tachycardia (SVT) can occur during treatment of an acute asthma exacerbation. There are, however, no data on the long‐term outcomes of children who are diagnosed with both asthma and SVT. This study aims to analyze the impact of SVT in asthmatic children on mortality and/or cardiac arrest, hypothesizing asthmatic subjects with SVT have increased mortality and/or cardiac arrest compared to asthmatic subject with no‐SVT.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study, utilizing the TriNetX© electronic health record (EHR) database that included asthmatic subjects 2–18 years of age. The study population was divided into two groups (subjects with SVT diagnosis and no‐SVT diagnosis). Data related to demographics, diagnostic, procedural, and medication codes were collected. The primary outcome was any death and/or cardiac arrest in a patient after the first asthma diagnosis date.ResultsThis study included 91,066 asthmatic subjects (244 [0.27%] with SVT and 90,822 [99.73%] with no‐SVT). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that after controlling for demographic and clinical features, the odds of all‐cause death and/or cardiac arrest after the first reported asthma exacerbation was significantly higher in asthmatic children with SVT compared to no‐SVT (odds ratio [OR]: 4.30, confidence interval [CI]: 2.50–7.39, p < .001).ConclusionsOur large nationwide EHR study suggests that asthmatic pediatric patients with documented SVT diagnosis at any point in their EHR may be at increased risk of adverse health outcomes compared to no‐SVT. Further studies are needed to determine the factors contributing to the increased risk of mortality and/or cardiac arrest in children with asthma and SVT.
Internal mobility of international migrants in Europe: A critical literature review and research agenda
Authors: Wachter Gusta G. , Hornstra Maaike 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper reviews the literature on the internal mobility of international migrants and their descendants in Europe from an interdisciplinary perspective. Europe is becoming increasingly diverse. Where international migrants live and move to after arriving in their destination country influences both individual life courses and macro‐level population compositions. So far, a comprehensive overview of internal mobility patterns and drivers among migrants is missing. The aim of this paper is threefold: first, to discuss the development of the field across disciplines; second, to present and reflect on the current state of knowledge of internal mobility of migrants in Europe, and third, to conclude by setting an agenda for future research. This paper stresses the importance of studying the internal mobility of migrant populations over their life courses, testing theories across migrant generations, doing more justice to population diversity, strengthening the link between the literature on internal and international migration, and finally, emphasises the need for comparative research.
A stacking ensemble machine learning model for evaluating cardiac toxicity of drugs based on in silico biomarkers
Authors: Fuadah Yunendah Nur , Qauli Ali Ikhsanul , Pramudito Muhammad Adnan , Marcellinus Aroli , Hanum Ulfa Latifa , Lim Ki Moo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study addresses the critical issue of drug‐induced torsades de pointes (TdP) risk assessment, a vital aspect of new drug development due to its association with arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Existing methodologies, particularly those reliant on a single biomarker derived from CiPA O'Hara‐Rudy (CiPAORdv1.0) ventricular cell model without the hERG dynamic as input to the individual machine learning model, have limitations in capturing the complexity inherent in the comprehensive range of factors influencing drug‐induced TdP risk. This study aims to overcome these limitations by proposing a stacking ensemble machine learning approach by integrating multiple in silico biomarkers derived from the CiPAORdv1.0 with hERG dynamic characteristics. The ensemble machine learning model consisted of three artificial neural network (ANN) models as baseline model and support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models as meta‐classifier. The highest AUC score of 1.00 (0.90–1.00) for high risk, 0.97 (0.84–1.00) for intermediate risk, and 1.00 (0.87–1.00) for low risk were obtained using seven biomarkers derived from the CiPAORdv1.0 with hERG dynamic characteristics. Furthering our investigation, we explored the model's robustness by incorporating interindividual variability into the generation of in silico biomarkers from a population of human ventricular cell models. This study also enabled an analysis of TdP risk classification under high clinical exposure and therapeutic scenarios for several drugs. Additionally, from a sensitivity analysis, we revealed four important ion channels, namely, CaL, NaL, Na, and Kr channels that affect significantly the important biomarkers for TdP risk prediction.
Birefringent Spin‐Photon Interface Generates Polarization Entanglement
Authors: Leppenen Nikita , Smirnov Dmitry S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA spin‐photon interface based on the luminescence of a singly charged quantum dot in a micropillar cavity allows for the creation of photonic entangled states. Current devices suffer from cavity birefringence, which limits the generation of spin‐photon entanglement. In this study, we conduct a theoretical analysis of the light absorption and emission by the interface with an anisotropic cavity and derive the maximal excitation and spin‐photon entanglement conditions. It is shown that the concurrence of the spin‐photon state equal to one and complete quantum dot population inversion can be reached for a micropillar cavity with any degree of birefringence by tuning the quantum dot resonance strictly between the cavity modes. This sweet spot is also valid for generating a multiphoton cluster state, as demonstrated by calculating the three‐tangle and fidelity with the maximally entangled state.
Purity and Construction of Arbitrary Dimensional k$k$‐Uniform Mixed States
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Pang Shanqi , Fei Shao‐Ming , Zheng Zhu‐Jun 
Published: August 2024

Abstractk‐uniform mixed states are a significant class of states characterized by all k‐party reduced states being maximally mixed.Novel methodologies are constructed for constructing k‐uniform mixed states with the highest possible purity. By using the orthogonal partition of orthogonal arrays, a series of new k‐uniform mixed states is derived. Consequently, an infinite number of higher‐dimensional k‐uniform mixed states, including those with highest purity, can be generated.
Integrated network pharmacology and GC–MS‐based metabolomics to investigate the chemical profile and efficacy of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and its processed products
Authors: Li Wenyu , Wei Jinhuan , Tian Xi , Zhang Huiyi , Yang Mengxin , Niu Yukun , Zhang Qian , Wang Nan , Jin Yiran , Du Yingfeng 
Published: August 2024

RationaleAnemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR) has been a frequently utilized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for an extended period, with its salt‐processed variant being a prevalent application form. Contemporary pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that the salt‐processed iteration exhibits a multitude of markedly augmented pharmacological properties. However, whether the pharmacodynamic material basis of this change is related to volatile substances remains unclear. The aim of this study was to develop a strategy to screen volatile pharmacodynamic substances in AR and salt‐processed AR (SAR).MethodsA comprehensive approach was developed to identify volatile pharmacodynamic compounds by integrating plant metabolomics, target network pharmacology, and molecular docking technology. Plant metabolomics using GC–MS analysis was conducted to identify volatile chemical markers distinguishing between AR and SAR. Subsequently, network pharmacology was utilized to investigate the correlation between chemical markers and associated diseases. Following this, molecular docking technology was utilized to explore the correlation between chemical markers and disease targets, resulting in the discovery of potential quality control markers.ResultsFifty volatile compounds were isolated and identified in the salt of AR and SAR. The findings from plant metabolomics analysis demonstrated a distinct differentiation, revealing 13 volatile chemical markers that distinguish between AR and SAR. A target (PPARG) associated with diabetes was identified through target network pharmacology analysis. Thirteen volatile components were subsequently chosen as potential quality markers, taking into account their hypoglycemic activity.ConclusionsThe method developed provides a novel strategy for the identification of pharmacophores in AR and SAR, as well as establishing a foundation for the exploration of the volatile differential components and pharmacodynamics in various processed products of TCMs. Additionally, the findings of this study can serve as a theoretical framework for the development and utilization of volatile components in AR and its processed derivatives.
Flexoelectricity, Triboelectricity, and Free Interfacial Charges
Authors: Marks L. D. , Olson K. P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTriboelectricity has been a topic of some confusion for many years, probably because it is very diverse and some of the fundamental science has not been clear. This is now starting to change. A few years ago, the importance of flexoelectricity at asperities is pointed out. That paper exploited the established physics of compensation of bound surface or interfacial charges without going into detail. The purpose of this paper is to expand further on this, mapping from the established physics of electrostatics with contact potentials and Maxwell's displacement field to the underlying fundamentals of charge transfer in triboelectricity. Examples from the published literature are used to illustrate this. In the discussion, some of the open questions and challenges to the community are mentioned.
Anomalous Proton Blocking Property of Pore‐Free Graphene Oxide Membrane
Authors: Tsugawa Tatsuki , Hatakeyama Kazuto , Koinuma Michio , Moriyama Norihiro , Ida Shintaro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) has been attracting intensive attention as a flexible barrier film, however, provides no barrier for proton transfer due to its out‐of‐plane proton conductivity (10−6 S cm−1) based on nanoscale defects with oxygen functional groups. In this study, it is reported that a pore‐free GO (Pf‐GO) membrane with controlled oxygen functional groups exhibits unexpected proton blocking behavior (10−11 S cm−1). Proton permeation tests conducted in aqueous solution demonstrate that proton permeation is below the detection limit, and lithium metal foils coated with the Pf‐GO show higher chemical stability to water than those coated with previously reported GO. The Pf‐GO has periodic honeycomb atomic structure, which is found to impart the Pf‐GO membrane with novel performance characteristics distinct from those of conventional GO.
A Simple Binary Supramolecular Co‐Assembly Platform for Enhanced Tumor Imaging and Therapy
Authors: Huang Yifan , Chen Cheng , Yu Zian , Cao Wei , Peng Shengjie , Zhang Guangtao , Zhang Qianzijing , Zhang Guozhen , Jiang Jun , Yuan Yue 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe primary challenges in tumor imaging and therapy revolve around improving targeting efficiency, enhancing probe/drug delivery efficacy, and minimizing off‐target signals and toxicity. Although various carriers have been developed, many are difficult to synthesize, costly, and not universally applicable. Furthermore, numerous carriers exhibit limited delivery rates in solid tumors, particularly larger nanocarriers. To address these challenges, a simple binary co‐assembly drug delivery platform has been designed using the readily synthesized small molecule Cys(SEt)‐Lys‐CBT (CKCBT) as the self‐assembly building block. CKCBT can effectively penetrate tumor cells due to its positively charged Lys side chain and small size. Upon glutathione reduction, CKCBT co‐assembles with Nile red or Chlorin e6 to form nanofibers inside tumor cells. This enables their specific accumulation in tumor cells rather than normal cells and extends their exposure time, resulting in precise and enhanced tumor imaging and treatment. Hence, this uncomplicated and highly efficient binary co‐assembly drug delivery platform can be easily adapted to a broad spectrum of probes and drugs, presenting a novel approach for advancing clinical diagnosis and therapy.
Octanuclear Zinc Clusters in Microporous Organic Polymers: Network‐Enhanced Reductive CO2 Fixation to Formamides at Room Temperature
Authors: Jang June Young , Lee Gang Min , Kim Yoon Kee , Lee Sang Moon , Kim Hae Jin , Lee Gayoung , Ko Kyoung Chul , Son Seung Uk 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA building block containing eight zincs and eight iodo groups (8 Zn) is obtained by the Zn complexation of a salen ligand bearing two additional hydroxy groups. Through the Sonogashira–Hagihara coupling of 8 Zn with 1,3,5,7‐tetra(4‐ethynylphenyl) adamantane, microporous organic polymers bearing octanuclear zinc clusters (MOP‐8 Zn) are prepared, exhibiting a high surface area of 562 m2 g−1, microporosity, and a particulate morphology with an average diameter of 249 nm. The MOP‐8 Zn exhibits significantly enhanced catalytic performance, compared to molecular counterparts, in the reductive carbon dioxide fixation to formamides, possibly due to the cooperative adsorption and confinement effect of networks on substrates.
Low‐Cost, Scalable Fabrication of Multi‐Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Assisted by Mechanical Scribing
Authors: Lee Hock Beng , Mohamed Asmaa , Kumar Neetesh , Zain Karimy Nurfatin Hafizah , Satale Vinayak Vitthal , Tyagi Barkha , Kim Do‐Hyung , Kang Jae‐Wook 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe performance and scalability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on 3D formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) absorber are often hindered by defects at the surface and grain boundaries of the perovskite. To address this, the study demonstrates the use of pyrrolidinium iodide for the in situ formation of an energetically aligned 1D pyrrolidinium lead triiodide (PyPbI3) capping layer over the 3D FAbI3 perovskite. The thermodynamically stable PyPbI3 perovskitoids, formed through cation exchange reactions, effectively reduce surface and grain boundary defects in the FAPbI3 perovskite. In addition to improved phase stability, the resulting 1D/3D perovskite film forms a cascade energy band alignment with the other functional layers in PSCs, enabling a barrier‐free interfacial charge transport. With a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ≈23.1% and ≈20.7% at active areas of 0.09 and 1.05 cm2, respectively, the 1D/3D PSCs demonstrate excellent performance and scalability. Leveraging this improved scalability, the study has successfully developed a mechanically‐scribed 1D/3D perovskite mini‐module with an unprecedentedly high PCE of ≈20.6% and a total power output of ≈270 mW at an active area of ≈13.0 cm2. The 1D/3D multi‐dimensional perovskite film developed herein holds great promise for producing low‐cost, high‐performance perovskite photovoltaics at both the cell and module levels.
Batteries for electric vehicles: Technical advancements, environmental challenges, and market perspectives
Authors: Celadon Axel , Sun Huaihu , Sun Shuhui , Zhang Gaixia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rapid evolution of electric vehicles (EVs) highlights the critical role of battery technology in promoting sustainable transportation. This review offers a comprehensive introduction to the diverse landscape of batteries for EVs. In particular, it examines the impressive array of available battery technologies, focusing on the predominance of lithium‐based batteries, such as lithium‐ion and lithium‐metal variants. Additionally, it explores battery technologies beyond lithium (“post‐lithium”), including aluminum, sodium, and magnesium batteries. The potential of solid‐state batteries is also discussed, along with the current status of various battery types in EV applications. The review further addresses end‐of‐life treatment strategies for EV batteries, including reuse, remanufacturing, and recycling, which are essential for mitigating the environmental impact of batteries and ensuring sustainable lifecycle management. Finally, market perspectives and potential future research directions for battery technologies in EVs are also discussed.
Effect of melt‐processing conditions on the electrical conductivity and microwave absorbing properties of composites based on clean scrap poly(vinylidene fluoride/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and graphene nanoplatelets
Authors: Schmitz Debora P. , Cunha Beatriz S. , Soares Bluma G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClean scrap polyvinylidene fluoride (rPVDF) from industrial reject was compounded with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) to produce low cost and scalable conductive composites. The effect of the melt processing conditions (temperature, time, and rotor speed) on the electrical conductivity and microwave absorbing (MWA) properties was investigated. All systems presented co‐continuous morphology indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and selective extraction experiments. The preferential localization of GNP in the EVA phase was evidenced by selective extraction and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Higher conductivity value was observed for the composite processed at 210°C for 3 min at a rotor speed of 200 rpm. The MWA performance of monolayer and bilayer composite structures with 2 mm thickness was investigated in terms of minimum reflection loss (RL) and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB). The bilayer system provided the best MWA response with RL = − 43.1 dB (>99.99% of EM attenuation) when prepared at 190°C for 3 min at a rotor speed of 200 rpm. The ecological and environmental importance of finding new applications for plastic waste, and the low cost of the materials and processing make this composite an interesting candidate for MWA purpose.Highlights
Promising application of clean scrap polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in microwave absorbing materials;
Conductivity and absorbing performance are affected by processing conditions;
Co‐continuous structure of rPVDF/EVA blend influenced by graphene nanoplatelets (GNP);
Selective localization of GNP in EVA phase;
Outstanding microwave absorption properties achieved with bi‐layer structure.
Long‐term endotracheal tube foreign object and aspiration pneumonia following general anaesthesia in a dog
Authors: Garudadri Prathima , Odunayo Adesola , Ellis Connor , Pablo Luisito S. , Gil Natalia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA 7‐year‐old, male, neutered German shepherd dog presented to the emergency room with a 5‐day history of respiratory distress, vomiting and hyporexia after an anaesthetised computed tomography and deep ear flush. The dog presented febrile (104.1°F), tachypnoeic (60 breaths per minute) and in respiratory distress. The dog was hospitalised on intravenous antibiotics and oxygen therapy. Radiographs were obtained 30 hours after presentation, which revealed a remnant of an endotracheal tube within the airway as well as aspiration pneumonia. Removal of the foreign object was successful using a rigid bronchoscope. The dog was discharged with supportive care and antibiotics, and continued to do well 9 months after the iatrogenic foreign body removal. This case report describes the retention of a large piece of an endotracheal tube for the longest period described in literature (6 days).
Leadership development research and scholarship
Authors: Pontes Megan , Weng John 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe term leadership development is often used in the field of education, management, and business, yet in the context of the leadership learning framework (LLF), it takes on a specific meaning as the innermost, human facets of leadership learning. In addition to the current scholarship around leadership development as a key component of leadership learning, this article will explore leadership development's evolution—from its interconnection with leader development, the use of training and education to foster it, to its growth self‐awareness within group dynamics. This evolution will be considered in the contexts of both education and organizations. Finally, questions and recommendations for future scholarship in leadership are posed for both researchers and practitioners.