bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular aspartic protease SAP2 of Candida albicans yeast cleaves human kininogens and releases proinflammatory peptides, Met-Lys-bradykinin and des-Arg9-Met-Lys-bradykinin
Authors: Bras Grazyna , Bochenska Oliwia , Rapala-Kozik Maria , Guevara-Lora Ibeth , Faussner Alexander , Kozik Andrzej 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Bradykinin-related peptides, universal mediators of inflammation collectively referred to as the kinins, are often produced in excessive amounts during microbial infections. We have recently shown that the yeast Candida albicans, the major fungal pathogen to humans, can exploit two mechanisms to enhance kinin levels at the sites of candidial infection, one depending on adsorption and activation of the endogenous kinin-generating system of the host on the fungal cell wall and the other relying on cleavage of kinin precursors, the kininogens, by pathogen-secreted proteases. This work aimed at assigning this kininogenase activity to the major secreted aspartic protease of C. albicans (SAP2). The purified SAP2 was shown to cleave human kininogens, preferably the low molecular mass form (LK) and optimally in an acidic environment (pH 3.5–4.0), and to produce two kinins, Met-Lys-bradykinin and its derivative, [Hydroxyproline3]-Met-Lys-bradykinin, both of which are capable of interacting with cellular bradykinin receptors of the B2 subtype. Additionally, albeit with a lower yield, des-Arg9-Met-Lys-bradykinin, an effective agonist of B1-subtype receptors, was released. The pathophysiological potential of these kinins and des-Arg-kinin was also proven by presenting their ability to stimulate human promonocytic cells U937 to release proinflammatory interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6.
Laser-induced cavitation phenomenon studied using three different optically-based approaches – An initial overview of results
Authors: Devia-Cruz Luis F. , Camacho-López Santiago , Evans Rodger , García-Casillas Daniel , Stepanov Sergei 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis report presents a study of shock wave and cavitation bubble dynamics induced by nanosecond laser pulses in pressurized water. Three methods were used to obtain data from the irradiated sample: (1) pump-probe laser flash shadowgraphy, (2) pressure wave sensing by means of a fiber optic interferometer hydrophone, and (3) a novel technique based on the modulation of spatial transmittance by the cavitation bubble. The medium used in these experiments was distilled water in a chamber under different pressure conditions which included values found in human intraocular liquid. It could be shown that while external pressure does not affect either the shock wave propagation or the initial bubble growth rate, it does affect the first collapse time of the bubble and its maximum diameter.
Melt extrudate swell behavior of polypropylene composites filled with hollow glass beads
Authors: Liang Ji-Zhao , Zhong Ming-Qiang 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) composites filled with hollow glass beads (HGB) were prepared by means of a twin-screw extruder. The extrudate swell ratio (B) of the PP/HGB composite melts was measured using a melt flow indexer under experimental conditions, with temperatures from 190°C to 230°C and loads varying from 1.20 kg to 7.50 kg, to identify the effects of the extrusion conditions and the particle size and content on the extrudate swell of composite melts. The results showed that the value of B of the composites increased nonlinearly with an increase of shear stress, while it decreased linearly with a rise of temperature. When the load and temperature were constant, the value of B increased nonlinearly with an increase of the HGB diameter, whereas it reduced nonlinearly with an increase of the HGB volume fraction. This should be attributed to the elastic deformation energy stored in the flow of the composite melts, which was decreased with an increase of the HGB number and content.
Effect of polypropylene fiber on fracture properties of high-performance concrete composites
Authors: Zhang Peng , Li Qing-fu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA parametric experimental study has been conducted to investigate the effect of polypropylene fiber on the workability and fracture properties of high-performance concrete (HPC) composites containing fly ash and silica fume, with the five fiber volume fractions (0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.1%, and 0.12%) used. The results indicate that the addition of polypropylene fiber decreases the workability of the HPC composites containing fly ash and silica fume. With the increase in the fiber volume fraction, both of the slump and the slump flow decrease gradually. Furthermore, the addition of polypropylene fiber has greatly improved the fracture parameters of concrete composite containing 15% fly ash and 6% silica fume, such as fracture toughness, fracture energy, effective crack length, maximum midspan deflection, the critical crack opening displacement, and the maximum crack opening displacement of the three-point bending beam specimens. When the fiber volume fraction increases from 0% to 0.12%, the fracture parameters increase gradually. The variation rules of the fracture parameters indicate that the capability of the polypropylene fiber to resist the crack propagation of the concrete composite containing 15% fly ash and 6% silica fume is becoming stronger and stronger with the increase in fiber volume fraction with the fiber volume fraction not above 0.12%.
La figure de l'enfant mort entre fantôme et fantasme
Authors: Yi Mi-Kyung 
Published: August 2012

Le fantôme serait-il devenu l’ombre de lui-même, irrémédiablement ? Ombre enkystée aux accents mélancoliques, spectre errant sous les auspices du destin, telle est la vision du fantôme particulièrement sensible et imposante dans la clinique des dépressions et dans la problématique du transgénérationnel. À travers la figure de l’enfant mort régulièrement repérable au croisement de ces deux problématiques, l’auteur propose quelques considérations qui mettent en évidence les rapports multiples et complexes entre fantôme et fantasme.
Fantômes sur le divan
Authors: Korff-Sausse Simone 
Published: August 2012

Entre les morts et les vivants, les fantômes sont des revenants qui nous visitent. L’auteur se propose d’étudier l’apparition de formations fantomatiques dans la clinique psychanalytique et leur devenir psychique dans le processus transfert-contre-transfert. Avec Melanie Klein qui fait une large place à ces objets fantomatiques dans son modèle de la vie psychique, avec Ferenczi qui a décrit des « transplants étrangers clivés », avec Bion qui a complexifié la question de l’objet absent/présent, quelques moments de cure serviront à illustrer une approche psychanalytique que l’auteur définit comme « empathie esthétisante ».
Le rythme comme générateur de continuité chez le sujet en proie à la démence avancée
Authors: Herlant-Hémar Kristina , Caron Rosa 
Published: August 2012

La prévalence de la maladie d’Alzheimer et des syndromes apparentés allant croissant au sein d’une population vieillissante, nombre de recherches scientifiques trouvent place dans la littérature, témoignant d’un véritable enjeu sociétal. Mais qu’en est-il du sujet dont la psyché s’égare dans le désordre démentiel ? À partir de la rencontre et d’extraits d’entretiens cliniques avec une patiente atteinte d’un syndrome démentiel à un stade très avancé et vivant dans un lieu d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes, les auteurs interrogent la question de la temporalité, dans son intime nouage avec l’identité et la subjectivité. Qu’en est-il du vécu du temps présent lorsque la mémoire du passé s’efface et lorsque la capacité à anticiper le futur s’amenuise ? Lorsque le présent ne se soutient plus des temps qui le bornent et lui donnent corps, le vécu du présent semble envahi par l’angoisse et le sentiment de vide. Cet article propose d’en penser quelques aspects.
Douglas-fir cone gall midges respond to shape and infrared wavelength attributes of host tree branches
Authors: Zahradnik Tracy , Takács Stephen , Strong Ward , Bennett Robb , Kuzmin Anastasia , Gries Gerhard 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that the conophagous Douglas-fir cone gall midge,Contarinia oregonensisFoote (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), responds to infrared (IR) radiation and other electromagnetic wavelengths associated with cones of Douglas-fir,Pseudotsuga menziesii(Mirbel) Franco (Pinaceae). Early-season (March–April) thermographic images showed that cone orientation (upright, horizontal, pendant) and cone colour (green, purple, green/purple) did not affect apparent cone temperature (inferred from thermographic images). Tree components significantly differed in apparent temperature with foliage being coolest and branches warmest. There was no significant difference in the number of larvae in cones of different colours, and adult midges were equally attracted to traps painted green or purple, suggesting that cone colour does not affect oviposition decisions by gravid females. Adult midges were more strongly attracted to warm traps with IR frequency emissions higher than the background than to cold traps with IR frequency emissions lower than the background. They were also more strongly attracted to warm branch-shaped traps than to warm can-shaped traps. Collectively, these data indicate that the shape and IR attributes of Douglas-fir branches may serve as foraging cues forC. oregonensis.
Discriminación racial y el principio de igualdad
Authors: Lillo Rodrigo 
Published: August 2012

Por primera vez en nuestro país, un Tribunal sanciona una conducta discriminatoria basada en raciales. En el texto que sigue, se intenta describir el razonamiento que, siguiendo los principios liberales y de la Doctrina de los Derechos Humanos, fundamentan fallo judicial. Además se plantea el desafío y posibilidad que constituye el principio de la igualdad - pensado desde la filosofía moral de Kant- como aporte a la resolución del conficto interétnico.
Interculturalidad: ¿Monólogo o Diálogo? Pugnas Lingüísticas y Textuales en las Reformas Educativas en América Latina
Authors: Arnold Denise 
Published: August 2012

El presente ensayo percibe en la inauguración del nuevo Magister en Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB), en Temuco, la abertura de una segunda etapa de las Refomas Educativas en América Latina, esta vez con un enfoque más regional que global. En este contexto, el ensayo toma en cuenta varias criticas de la primera etapa de Reformas antes de considerar nuevos retos educativos. Cuestiona sobre todo las presuposiciones lingüisticas en que yacen las nociones de "cultura" e "intercultura" que se usan en los programas actuales de la EIB, encontrando allí el viejo debate entre la pragmática lingüistica y la lingüística saussureana moderna. La autora concluye que sólo una reevaluación de la función conslructiva del lenguaje en el meollo de aquel debate, nos permitiría abordar mejor dos aspectos fundamentales de una segunda etapa de Reformas Educativas: la interculturalidad, por una parte, y la educación bilingüe, por otra.
Nuevos realismos y sociedades complejas
Authors: Samaniego Mario 
Published: August 2012

Las relaciones entre ciencia y sociedades complejas conforman el trasfondo de este texto, en el cual se reflexiona sobre el diálogo, tensión o escisión entre la ciencia entendida ya como dominio de lo público, como bien público y la sociedad civil en la que conviven grupos e individuos con identidades y concepciones de vida diversas e incluso confrontadas. Para ello, se describen ciertos hitos que dan cuenta de los cambios que tanto al interior de la epistemología,filosofa y teoría social como en la vida se han ido gestando en la modernidad tardía, los cuales al menos potencialmente abocan los esfuerzos tanto en el plano teórico como en el social a trabajar en pos del diálogo. Sin embargo, pareciera, que existiendo la oportunidad de establecer una relación deliberativa entre ciencia y sociedad, ésta por el momento no se da.
Una aproximación teórica al desarrollo endógeno
Authors: Macías Alfredo , Saavedra Gonzalo 
Published: August 2012

Este trabajo propone una reflexión teórica y conceptual acerca del desarrollo como proceso endógeno. La viabilidad de tal perspectiva depende, en gran medida, de si se asume o no su construcción a partir de la vida comunitaria como espacio de subjetividad. La tarea es compleja pero posible, pues parece depender de las propias comunidades y de sus capacidades para sobreponer sus facultades reflexivas a un ethos racionalista,propio de una civilización que progresivamente niega y desestima sus dimensiones morales y afectivas. Es necesario entonces superar el fatalismo determinista de lo estructural, el reto del desarrollo endógeno es, en primer término, subjetivo y humano.
Closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects with aneurysmal tissue using the amplazter duct occluder I: Lessons learned and medium term follow up
Authors: El Said Howaida G. , Bratincsak Andras , Gordon Brent M. , Moore John W. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this report is to describe our experience with closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (PMVSD) with aneurysm using the Amplatzer Duct Occluder I (ADO I). Background: Atrio‐ventricular block (AVB) remains the most troublesome complication of device closure of PMVSDs. Many PMVSDs are associated with an aneurysm that protrudes into the right ventricle. We believe that devices implanted entirely within the VSD aneurysm avoid the risk of AVB. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with PMVSD and aneurysm who underwent attempted ADO I device closure between 3/2004 and 8/2010 [Rady Children's Hospital‐San Diego (n = 16), Mattel Children's Hospital at UCLA (n = 4), and Straub Hospital in Honolulu (n = 1)]. Results: Twenty‐one patients (16 male) with PMVSD and aneurysm underwent cardiac catheterization for the purpose of VSD closure using an ADO I. Nineteen patients had successful ADO I implantation with the following devices: 10/8 (n = 8), 8/6 (n = 7), 6/4 (n = 3) and 12/10 (n = 2). The procedure was aborted in 2 cases due to temporary AVB and ventricular ectopy during catheterization. One patient developed hemolysis due device malposition and had surgical device retrieval and VSD closure. One patient had new trivial tricuspid regurgitation and in 5/19 the tricuspid regurgitation improved post device closure. Transient accelerated junctional rhythm occurred within 24 hr in 4 patients and nonsustained slow ventricular tachycardia occurred in one patient. At latest follow‐up (up to 6 years, median 1.9 years) 11/18 had no residual shunt, 4/18 had trivial and 3/18 small residual shunt. No AVB has been observed. Conclusions: Percutaneous closure of PMVSD with aneurysm using the ADO I appears to have acceptable efficacy and risk. Atrio‐ventricular block in up to mid‐term follow up was not encountered. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and Characterization of Thiophene‐derived Amido Bis‐nitrogen Mustard and Its Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities
Authors: Tang Yidan , Zhang Jingqing , Zhang Shaolin , Geng Rongxia , Zhou Chenghe 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe thiophene‐derived amido bis‐nitrogen mustard N2,N2,N5,N5‐tetrakis(2‐chloroethyl)‐3,4‐dimethylthiophene‐2,5‐dicarboxamide was designed and synthesized via five‐step reactions from commercially available 2‐chloroacetonitrile. This target compound was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, IR spectra and elemental analyses, and its structure was further characterized by X‐ray single‐crystal analysis. The biological activities for the title compound and some intermediates were evaluated in vitro for their antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities. The preliminary results showed that the title compound could inhibit efficiently the growth of the tested microorganisms including drug‐resistant bacteria MRSA to some extent. Moreover, the target compound was found to be effective against prostatic carcinoma cell line (PC‐3), breast carcinoma cell line (MCF‐7), colon carcinoma (LoVo) and lung cancer (A549). Especially, it gave selective antitumor efficacy against prostatic carcinoma cell line (PC‐3) at a low dose.
Synthesis of a New Class of Highly Functionalized Phosphorus Ylides Containing Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Shaabani Ahmad , Keshipour Sajjad , Aghaei Morteza , Khodabandeh M. Hassan , Zahedi Mansour 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe zwitterionic intermediate generated from the reaction of triphenylphosphine with electron deficient acetylenic compounds was trapped by various NH acids. The synthesis resulted in a new class of highly functionalized heterocyclic compounds. Some of the reactions produced E and Z isomers. And the stability and transformation of them were studied by dynamic 1H NMR and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Synthesis and Characterization of 5,10‐ and 5,15‐Disubstituted Porphodimethenes
Authors: Feng Zhiqiang , Kai Xiaoxu , Jiang Jiaxun , Hu Chuanjiang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe four porphodimethene isomers, 5,10‐ and 5,15‐disubstituted, have been synthesized in a one‐pot reaction by the Lindsey protocol. Three of them have been characterized by X‐ray crystallography. Structures show that two of them are 5,15‐porphodimethenes: one is syn‐equatorial, another is anti‐configuration; the third one is 5,10‐porphodimethene. In the 5,10‐porphodimethene, the tripyrrane subunit remains planar conformation. 1H NMR and UV‐vis spectra have also been characterized. Both spectra reveal remarkable difference between 5,10‐ and 5,15‐disubstituted isomers.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Activities of Novel Anthranilic Diamide Insecticide Containing Trifluoroethyl Ether
Authors: Zhao Yu , Li Yongqiang , Xiong Lixia , Wang Hongxue , Li Zhengming 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTwo series of novel anthranilic diamide insecticide containing trifluoroethyl ether were designed and synthesized, and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The insecticidal activities of the new compounds were evaluated. The results of bioassays indicated that some of these title compounds exhibited excellent insecticidal activities. The insecticidal activities of compounds 19a, 19b, 19d, 19g, 19k and 19m against oriental armyworm at 2.5 mg·kg−1 were 100%. The larvicidal activities of 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, 19e, 19g and 19n against diamond‐back moth were 100% at 0.1 mg·kg−1. Surprisingly, most of them still exhibited perfect insecticidal activity against diamond‐back moth when the concentration was reduced to 0.05 mg·kg−1, which was higher than the commercialized Chlorantraniliprole.
Facile Synthesis of Thioamides via P2S5‐Mediated Beckmann Rearrangement of Oximes
Authors: Li Jiangsheng , Cheng Chao , Zhang Xinrui , Li Zhiwei , Cai Feifei , Xue Yuan , Liu Weidong 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA facile and efficient approach to the synthesis of secondary thioamides from ketoximes via Beckmann rearrangement has been established, using phosphorus pentasulfide as a dehydrating and thiating agent. It is also efficient for the preparation of primary thiobenzamide from benzaldoxime. This approach features simple‐operation, easy‐control and good to excellent yields.
Rhodium‐catalyzed hydroformylation of unsaturated fatty esters in aqueous media assisted by activated carbon
Authors: Boulanger Jérôme , Ponchel Anne , Bricout Hervé , Hapiot Frédéric , Monflier Eric 
Published: August 2012

AbstractConcerns about the environmental impact of chemical transformations prompted chemists to develop clean chemical processes using water as a solvent. Although appropriate for small partially water‐soluble molecules, these processes do not allow for the transformation of hydrophobic substrates due to the mass transfer limitation between the aqueous and the organic phase. In this context, we show that activated carbons can be used as mass transfer additives to promote the rhodium‐catalyzed hydroformylation of methyl oleate and other unsaturated olefins. Due to its mesoporous and hydrophobic character, the Nuchar®WV‐B activated carbon proved to be especially effective as mass transfer promoter. Actually, a significant increase in the conversion was observed. Additionally, more than 90% aldehydes were formed during the course of the reaction. When compared to other mass transfer promoters such as co‐solvents or cyclodextrins, Nuchar®WV‐B was by far the most efficient. Thus, the use of activated carbons appeared to be a suitable solution for the aqueous rhodium‐catalyzed hydroformylation of hydrophobic bio‐sourced substrates.Practical applications: The easiness with which the FAME hydroformylation could be implemented in water using activated carbons as mass transfer promoters is a major advantage in a context of an industrial–environmental approach. This finding is of importance as the obtained oxo‐products can be used in many industrial areas such as surfactants, polymers, or lubricants.
Diterpenes from European Euphorbia Species Serving as Prototypes for Natural‐Product‐Based Drug Discovery
Authors: Vasas Andrea , Rédei Dóra , Csupor Dezső , Molnár Joseph , Hohmann Judit 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDiterpenes occurring in plants of the Euphorbiaceae family are of considerable interest in the context of natural product drug discovery programs because of their wide range of potentially valuable biological activities and their broad structural diversity due to their different polycyclic and macrocyclic skeletons and the various aliphatic and aromatic ester groups. Euphorbia species have provided many lead compounds (resiniferatoxin, prostratin, jatrophane and pepluane esters) for drug development, some of which are currently involved in preclinical or clinical studies, but the importance of natural products of this type can be demonstrated primarily by the recent approval of ingenol 3‐angelate (ingenol mebutate) by the FDA for the treatment of actinic keratosis. An appreciable time has passed since a new plant chemotype – a natural product without structural modification – has been introduced into clinical practice. Ingenol 3‐angelate, a Euphorbia peplus metabolite, serves as a new prototype for natural product‐based drug discovery. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the chemical and pharmacological potential of European Euphorbia species. Besides the main aspects of the development of ingenol 3‐angelate as a drug, screening methods, isolation strategies, the chemical characteristics of Euphorbia diterpenes and the results of pharmacological investigations are surveyed.
Conformational Constraints: Nature Does It Best with Sialyl Lewisx
Authors: Titz Alexander , Marra Alberto , Cutting Brian , Smieško Martin , Papandreou George , Dondoni Alessandro , Ernst Beat 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSelectins play a key role in the inflammatory cascade. The interaction with their physiological ligands containing the tetrasaccharide sialyl Lewisx (sLex) leads to the recruitment of leukocytes from the vascular system to the site of injury. To facilitate the interaction under the shear stress conditions present in the blood vessel, the conformation of sLex is stabilized via lipophilic inter‐residual contacts. sLex and two analogs were synthesized and evaluated for selectin binding, average conformation, and conformational dynamics. We could show that the methyl group in L‐fucose is optimally suited to stabilize the sLex core through an interaction with the β‐face of D‐galactose and thus enables binding to the selectins under shear stress conditions.