bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in outpatients with anxiety disorders: the Leiden Routine Outcome Monitoring Study
Authors: Pesce L. , van Veen T. , Carlier I. , van Noorden M. S. , van der Wee N. J. A. , van Hemert A. M. , Giltay E. J. 
Published: May 2015

Background.Data from the general population show higher prevalence of different anxiety disorders in women as compared with men. We analysed gender differences in a naturalistic sample of outpatients with anxiety disorders in a mental healthcare setting.Method.Routine outcome monitoring data were collected from 1333 patients (age: 18–65; 63.3% women) fulfilling Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV criteria of current anxiety disorder according to the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview between 2004 through 2006. Data included Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ). Chi-squared test andt-test were used to compare women with men for variables with parametric distributions, and Mann–Whitney test for non-parametric distribution. Adjustments for potential confounders (age, level of education, ethnicity and comorbidites) were made by logistic regression models (for discrete variables) or analysis of covariance.Results.The female-to-male ratio (i.e., 844 women, 489 men) for any anxiety disorder was 1.73 : 1 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.63–1.83), with the strongest skewness for post-traumatic stress disorder (2.80 : 1) and the smallest one for social phobia (1.18 : 1). Compared with men, women reported more severe self-rating scores on the BSI (on average, the scores were 12.3% higher on 3 of 9 subscales: somatisation, interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety), SF-36 (self-reported generic health status was lower on 5 of 8 subscales: physical functioning, social functioning, physical problems, vitality and bodily pain) and MASQ (on average, the scores were 6.6% higher on 4 of 5 subscales: anxious arousal, general distress, general distress depression, general distress anxiety). On the contrary, no gender difference was found in the severity of anxiety symptoms measured by the Brief Anxiety Scale. Women were more likely to suffer from comorbid depression and bulimia nervosa, and less likely from substance abuse.Conclusions.In a treatment-seeking population the prevalence rate of anxiety disorders was 1.7 times higher in female compared with men. Female outpatients were more severely affected on self-rated but not on observer-rated scales.
Exploring Drive for Thinness as a Perfectionistic Strategy to Escape from Shame Experiences
Authors: Ferreira Cláudia , Trindade Inês A. , Ornelas Luísa 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPerfectionistic self-presentation defines the attempt at presenting the self as perfect through the public concealment of personal defects and/or through the display of attributes perceived as capable to gather positive attention of others. Although perfectionism has long been considered a central aspect of eating psychopathology mediational studies between this construct and these conditions are scarce. This study aimed at examining the mediational role of body image-related perfectionistic self-presentation in the effects of external shame and internal shame on drive for thinness, in a sample of young women. Results revealed body image-related perfectionistic self-presentation as a significant mediator (p< .05) of the relationships between external and internal shame, and drive for thinness. Furthermore, 86% and 69% of the effects of external shame and internal shame, respectively, were explained by their indirect effects through body image-related perfectionistic self-presentation on drive for thinness (95% CI). These results highlight that the control over eating may emerge as a maladaptive strategy to deal with shame when mediated by an endorsement in the belief that presenting a perfect body image is crucial to be accepted and valued by others. Study findings suggest that this perfectionistic strategy should be targeted while treating eating psychopathology.
Inequalities in Mental Health in the Spanish Autonomous Communities: A Multilevel Study
Authors: Rocha Kátia B. , Perez Katherine , Rodriguez-Sanz Maica , Muntaner Carles , Alonso Jordi , Borrell Carme 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze inequalities in the prevalence of poor mental health and their association with socioeconomic variables and with the care network in the Autonomous Communities in Spain. A cross-sectional multilevel study was performed, which analyzed individual data from the National Health Survey in Spain (ENS), in 2006 (n = 29,476 people over the age of 16). The prevalence of poor mental health was the dependent variable, measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12 > = 3). Individual and contextual socioeconomic variables, along with mental health services in the Autonomous Communities, were included as independent variables. Models of multilevel logistic regression were used, and odds ratios (OR) were obtained, with confidence intervals (CI) of 95%. The results showed that there are inequalities in the prevalence of poor mental health in Spain, associated to contextual variables, such as unemployment rate (men OR 1.04 CI 1.01–1.07; women OR 1.02 CI 1.00–1.05). On the other hand, it was observed that inequalities in the mental health care resources in the Autonomous Communities also have an impact on poor mental health.
Widespread disruption of host transcription termination in HSV-1 infection
Authors: Rutkowski Andrzej J. , Erhard Florian , L’Hernault Anne , Bonfert Thomas , Schilhabel Markus , Crump Colin , Rosenstiel Philip , Efstathiou Stacey , Zimmer Ralf , Friedel Caroline C. , Dölken Lars 
Published: May 2015

AbstractHerpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is an important human pathogen and a paradigm for virus-induced host shut-off. Here we show that global changes in transcription and RNA processing and their impact on translation can be analysed in a single experimental setting by applying 4sU-tagging of newly transcribed RNA and ribosome profiling to lytic HSV-1 infection. Unexpectedly, we find that HSV-1 triggers the disruption of transcription termination of cellular, but not viral, genes. This results in extensive transcription for tens of thousands of nucleotides beyond poly(A) sites and into downstream genes, leading to novel intergenic splicing between exons of neighbouring cellular genes. As a consequence, hundreds of cellular genes seem to be transcriptionally induced but are not translated. In contrast to previous reports, we show that HSV-1 does not inhibit co-transcriptional splicing. Our approach thus substantially advances our understanding of HSV-1 biology and establishes HSV-1 as a model system for studying transcription termination.
Dynamical origin of near- and below-threshold harmonic generation of Cs in an intense mid-infrared laser field
Authors: Li Peng-Cheng , Sheu Yae-Lin , Laughlin Cecil , Chu Shih-I 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNear- and below-threshold harmonic generation provides a potential approach to generate vacuum-ultraviolet frequency comb. However, the dynamical origin of in these lower harmonics is less understood and largely unexplored. Here we perform an ab initio quantum study of the near- and below-threshold harmonic generation of caesium (Cs) atoms in an intense 3,600-nm mid-infrared laser field. Combining with a synchrosqueezing transform of the quantum time-frequency spectrum and an extended semiclassical analysis, the roles of multiphoton and multiple rescattering trajectories on the near- and below-threshold harmonic generation processes are clarified. We find that the multiphoton-dominated trajectories only involve the electrons scattered off the higher part of the combined atom-field potential followed by the absorption of many photons in near- and below-threshold regime. Furthermore, only the near-resonant below-threshold harmonic is exclusive to exhibit phase locked features. Our results shed light on the dynamic origin of the near- and below-threshold harmonic generation.
Recent decrease in typhoon destructive potential and global warming implications
Authors: Lin I-I , Chan Johnny C.L. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTyphoons (tropical cyclones) severely impact the half-billion population of the Asian Pacific. Intriguingly, during the recent decade, typhoon destructive potential (Power Dissipation Index, PDI) has decreased considerably (by ∼35%). This decrease, paradoxically, has occurred despite the increase in typhoon intensity and ocean warming. Using the method proposed by Emanuel (in 2007), we show that the stronger negative contributions from typhoon frequency and duration, decrease to cancel the positive contribution from the increasing intensity, controlling the PDI. Examining the typhoons’ environmental conditions, we find that although the ocean condition became more favourable (warming) in the recent decade, the atmospheric condition ‘worsened’ at the same time. The ‘worsened’ atmospheric condition appears to effectively overpower the ‘better’ ocean conditions to suppress PDI. This stronger negative contribution from reduced typhoon frequency over the increased intensity is also present under the global warming scenario, based on analysis of the simulated typhoon data from high-resolution modelling.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging of endogenous biomarker of oxidative stress
Authors: Datta Rupsa , Alfonso-García Alba , Cinco Rachel , Gratton Enrico 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPresence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in excess of normal physiological level results in oxidative stress. This can lead to a range of pathological conditions including inflammation, diabetes mellitus, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease. Biomarkers of oxidative stress play an important role in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of these diseases. A number of fluorescent biomarkers exist. However, a non-invasive and label-free identification technique would be advantageous for in vivo measurements. In this work we establish a spectroscopic method to identify oxidative stress in cells and tissues by fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM). We identified an autofluorescent, endogenous species with a characteristic fluorescent lifetime distribution as a probe for oxidative stress. To corroborate our hypothesis that these species are products of lipid oxidation by ROS, we correlate the spectroscopic signals arising from lipid droplets by combining FLIM with THG and CARS microscopy which are established techniques for selective lipid body imaging. Further, we performed spontaneous Raman spectral analysis at single points of the sample which provided molecular vibration information characteristics of lipid droplets.
Effects and Mechanism of Atmospheric-Pressure Dielectric Barrier Discharge Cold Plasmaon Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Enzyme
Authors: Zhang Hao , Xu Zimu , Shen Jie , Li Xu , Ding Lili , Ma Jie , Lan Yan , Xia Weidong , Cheng Cheng , Sun Qiang , Zhang Zelong , Chu Paul K. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractProteins are carriers of biological functions and the effects of atmospheric-pressurenon-thermal plasmas on proteins are important to applications such as sterilizationand plasma-induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Herein, we report our detailedinvestigation of the effects of helium-oxygen non-thermal dielectric barrierdischarge (DBD) plasmas on the inactivation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzymesolutions. Circular dichroism (CD) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicate thatthe loss of activity stems from plasma-induced modification of the secondarymolecular structure as well as polymerization of the peptide chains. Raising thetreatment intensity leads to a reduced alpha-helix content, increase in thepercentage of the beta-sheet regions and random sequence, as well as graduallydecreasing LDH activity. However, the structure of the LDH plasma-treated for 300seconds exhibits a recovery trend after storage for 24 h and itsactivity also increases slightly. By comparing direct and indirect plasmatreatments, plasma-induced LDH inactivation can be attributed to reactive species(RS) in the plasma, especially ones with a long lifetime including hydrogenperoxide, ozone and nitrate ion which play the major role in the alteration of themacromolecular structure and molecular diameter in lieu of heat, UV radiation, andcharged particles.
High Q-factor microring resonator wrapped by the curved waveguide
Authors: Cai Dong-Po , Lu Jyun-Hong , Chen Chii-Chang , Lee Chien-Chieh , Lin Chu-En , Yen Ta-Jen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this work, we study the performances of ring resonators of different type by analyzing the bending loss and the condition of the critical coupling. We propose that the bending loss of microring can be reduced by wrapping a concentrically curved waveguide. The difference of propagation constant between two concentrically curved waveguides can be tuned by adjusting the bus waveguide width to optimize the critical coupling. Furthermore, we propose to enlarge the difference of the propagation constant between two concentrically curved waveguides to maintain the circulating light in the ring to obtain higher quality factor. In this study, the highest quality factor that we measured is 7 × 105.
Magnetic resonance enterographic predictors of one-year outcome in ileal and ileocolonic Crohn’s disease treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies
Authors: Eder Piotr , Michalak Michal , Katulska Katarzyna , Lykowska-Szuber Liliana , Krela-Kazmierczak Iwona , Stawczyk-Eder Kamila , Klimczak Katarzyna , Szymczak Aleksandra , Linke Krzysztof 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the role of magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) in predicting one-year efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies - infliximab (IFX), adalimumab (ADA) in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients primarily responding to therapy. We performed retrospective analysis among 61 CD patients who had undergone a successful IFX/ADA induction therapy and were treated with maintenance doses. All patients underwent MRE at week 0. We assessed which MRE features were predictive for steroid-free remission at week 52 and which were associated with a secondary loss of response. 44 patients were in steroid-free remission at week 52, 17 - were secondary non-responders. The ROC curve showed that bowel thickening with contrast enhancement analyzed together at week 0 were associated with steroid-free remission at week 52 (p = 0.01; AUC 0.67). Bowel stenosis with or without prestenotic dilatation [OR 5.8 (95% CI 1.4 – 25) and 2.4 (95% CI 1.2 – 5) respectively; p = 0.01] and the presence of intra-abdominal fistulas [OR 1.4 (95% CI 1.1 – 2); p = 0.004] were related to secondary non-response. A high baseline inflammatory activity detected by MRE predicts one-year response in CD after IFX/ADA. In case of bowel stenosis, intra-abdominal fistulas, other therapeutic options should be considered.
The neural dynamic mechanisms of asymmetric switch costs in a combined Stroop-task-switching paradigm
Authors: Wu Shanshan , Hitchman Glenn , Tan Jinfeng , Zhao Yuanfang , Tang Dandan , Wang Lijun , Chen Antao 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSwitch costs have been constantly found asymmetrical when switching between two tasks of unequal dominance. We used a combined Stroop-task-switching paradigm and recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) signals to explore the neural mechanism underlying the phenomenon of asymmetrical switch costs. The results revealed that a fronto-central N2 component demonstrated greater negativity in word switch (cW) trials relative to word repeat (wW) trials and both First P3 and P3b components over the parieto-central region exhibited greater positivity in color switch (wC) trials relative to color repeat (cC) trials, whereas a contrasting switch-related fronto-central SP effect was found to have an opposite pattern for each task. Moreover, the time-frequency analysis showed a right-frontal lower alpha band (9-11 Hz) modulation in the word task, whereas a fronto-central upper alpha band (11-13 Hz) modulation was exclusively found in the color task. These results provide evidence for dissociable neural processes, which are related to inhibitory control and endogenous control, contributing to the generation of asymmetrical switch costs.
Novel rare-earth-free yellow Ca5Zn3.92In0.08(V0.99Ta0.01O4)6 phosphors for dazzling white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Pavitra E. , Raju G. Seeta Rama , Park Jin Young , Wang Lili , Moon Byung Kee , Yu Jae Su 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWhite light-emitting diode (WLED) products currently available on the market are based on the blue LED combined with yellow phosphor approach. However, these WLEDs are still insufficient for general illumination and flat panel display (FPD) applications because of their low color-rendering index (CRI < 75) and high correlated color temperature (CCT = 6000 K). Although near-ultraviolet (UV) LED chips provide more efficient excitation than blue chips, YAG:Ce3+ phosphors have very weak excitation in the near-UV spectral region. Hence, there is an increasing demand for novel yellow phosphor materials with excitation in the near-UV region. In this work, we report novel self-activated yellow Ca5Zn3.92In0.08(V0.99Ta0.01O4)6 (CZIVT) phosphors that efficiently convert near-UV excitation light into yellow luminescence. The crystal structure and lattice parameters of these CZIVT phosphors are elucidated through Rietveld refinement. Through doping with In3+ and Ta5+ ions, the emission intensity is enhanced in the red region and the Stokes shift is controlled to obtain good color rendition. When a near-UV LED chip is coated with a combination of CZIVT and commercial blue Ba0.9Eu0.1MgAl10O17 phosphors, a pleasant WLED with a high CRI of 82.51 and a low CCT of 5231 K, which are essential for indoor illumination and FPDs, is achieved.
Interactions between tick and transmitted pathogens evolved to minimise competition through nested and coherent networks
Authors: Estrada-Peña Agustín , de la Fuente José , Ostfeld Richard S. , Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNatural foci of ticks, pathogens and vertebrate reservoirs display complex relationships that are key to the circulation of pathogens and infection dynamics through the landscape. However, knowledge of the interaction networks involved in transmission of tick-borne pathogens are limited because empirical studies are commonly incomplete or performed at small spatial scales. Here, we applied the methodology of ecological networks to quantify >14,000 interactions among ticks, vertebrates and pathogens in the western Palearctic. These natural networks are highly structured, modular, coherent and nested to some degree. We found that the large number of vertebrates in the network contributes to its robustness and persistence. Its structure reduces interspecific competition and allows ample but modular circulation of transmitted pathogens among vertebrates. Accounting for domesticated hosts collapses the network’s modular structure, linking groups of hosts that were previously unconnected and increasing the circulation of pathogens. This framework indicates that ticks and vertebrates interact along the shared environmental gradient, while pathogens are linked to groups of phylogenetically close reservoirs.
Sleep-independent offline consolidation of response inhibition during the daytime post-training period
Authors: Honma Motoyasu , Yoshiike Takuya , Ikeda Hiroki , Kuriyama Kenichi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAppropriate inhibitory response control is associated with goal-directed behavior. Sleep accelerates the offline consolidation of acquired motor skills that are explicitly predictable; however, the effect of sleep on implicit (unpredictable) motor skills remains controversial. We speculated that a key component of response inhibition skill differentiates between these skill consolidation properties because explicit prediction can minimize the inhibitory efforts in a motor skill. We explored the offline skill learning properties of response inhibition during sleep and wakefulness using auditory Go and Go/Nogo tasks. We attempted to discriminate the possible effects of time elapsed after training (12 or 24 h), post-training sleep/wake state (sleep or wakefulness) and time of day (nighttime or daytime) in 79 healthy human subjects divided into 6 groups that underwent various sleep regimens prior to training and retesting. We found that delayed response inhibition skill improvement was achieved via a simple passage of daytime, regardless of the participants’ alertness level. Our results suggest that sleep-independent neuroplasticity occurs during the daytime and facilitates a delayed learning of response inhibition skill.
High accuracy thermal conductivity measurement of aqueous cryoprotective agents and semi-rigid biological tissues using a microfabricated thermal sensor
Authors: Liang Xin M. , Sekar Praveen K. , Zhao Gang , Zhou Xiaoming , Shu Zhiquan , Huang Zhongping , Ding Weiping , Zhang Qingchuan , Gao Dayong 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAn improved thermal-needle approach for accurate and fast measurement of thermal conductivity of aqueous and soft biomaterials was developed using microfabricated thermal conductivity sensors. This microscopic measuring device was comprehensively characterized at temperatures from 0 °C to 40 °C. Despite the previous belief, system calibration constant was observed to be highly temperature-dependent. Dynamic thermal conductivity response during cooling (40 °C to –40 °C) was observed using the miniaturized single tip sensor for various concentrations of CPAs, i.e., glycerol, ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide. Chicken breast, chicken skin, porcine limb and bovine liver were assayed to investigate the effect of anatomical heterogeneity on thermal conductivity using the arrayed multi-tip sensor at 20 °C. Experimental results revealed distinctive differences in localized thermal conductivity, which suggests the use of approximated or constant property values is expected to bring about results with largely inflated uncertainties when investigating bio-heat transfer mechanisms and/or performing sophisticated thermal modeling with complex biological tissues. Overall, the presented micro thermal sensor with automated data analysis algorithm is a promising approach for direct thermal conductivity measurement of aqueous solutions and soft biomaterials and is of great value to cryopreservation of tissues, hyperthermia or cryogenic and other thermal-based clinical diagnostics and treatments.
Phosphorylation of Nonmuscle myosin II-A regulatory light chain resists Sendai virus fusion with host cells
Authors: Das Provas , Saha Shekhar , Chandra Sunandini , Das Alakesh , Dey Sumit K. , Das Mahua R. , Sen Shamik , Sarkar Debi P. , Jana Siddhartha S. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractEnveloped viruses enter host cells through membrane fusion and the cells in turn alter their shape to accommodate components of the virus. However, the role of nonmuscle myosin II of the actomyosin complex of host cells in membrane fusion is yet to be understood. Herein, we show that both (−) blebbistatin, a specific inhibitor of nonmuscle myosin II (NMII) and small interfering RNA markedly augment fusion of Sendai virus (SeV), with chinese hamster ovary cells and human hepatocarcinoma cells. Inhibition of RLC phosphorylation using inhibitors against ROCK, but not PKC and MRCK, or overexpression of phospho-dead mutant of RLC enhances membrane fusion. SeV infection increases cellular stiffness and myosin light chain phosphorylation at two hour post infection. Taken together, the present investigation strongly indicates that Rho-ROCK-NMII contractility signaling pathway may provide a physical barrier to host cells against viral fusion.