bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image Correlation to Evaluate the Influence of Hygrothermal Loading on Wood
Authors: Gauvin C. , Jullien D. , Doumalin P. , Dupré J.‐C. , Gril J. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTMany wooden objects from cultural heritage consist in wooden panels, painted on one face. Some of these panels show permanent cupping, micro‐cracks of the painted layer, and cracks of the painted support itself. Different physical and mechanical phenomena are at the origin of these damages: wood is a hygroscopic material (its dimensions vary with humidity), it is highly anisotropic, the paint layer on one face has properties of permeability different from those of raw wood of the back face, and a rigid frame possibly restrained the deformation of the panel.Experimentations on our mock‐up panels combined with numerical simulations of these panels in real situations of hygrothermal fluctuations will allow us to test specific situations and eventually to make suggestions to conservators and restorers and guide them in their interventions.Hygrothermal treatments are often used to improve wood durability thanks a reduction of its hygroscopicity. They have been considered as means to reproduce the physical properties of ancient wood. We intend to model the mechanisms involved in mechanical and chemical effects of wooden painted panels exposed to climatic variations.To develop such conservation tool, we need to work on mock‐up, which replicate panel painting. So we will investigate the process of hygroscopic ageing and compression set generation of the back of painted panels to explain their permanent cupping and replicate their ageing state.For this purpose, digital image correlation is used to evaluate the strain field of the section of a wood piece submitted to variations of relative humidity.
Predictors of hemoglobin recovery or deferral in blood donors with an initial successful donation
Authors: Custer Brian , Bravo Marjorie , Bruhn Roberta , Land Kevin , Tomasulo Peter , Kamel Hany 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundDonation eligibility is based on hemoglobin (Hb) level among other factors. This study assesses factors that influence Hb levels among first‐time (FT) donors returning for a second donation.Study Design and MethodsAllogeneic FT donors who successfully donated a red blood cell (RBC)‐containing donation on their index presentation and returned to donate at least once more between August 1, 2009, and July 31, 2012, were included. Interdonation intervals and delta Hb (subsequent donation – index donation value) were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression and survival analysis methods were used to determine factors associated with 1) Hb recovery to preindex donation value or 2) deferral at the second presentation.ResultsDuring the study, 135,040 FT donors returned to donate. Overall, 44% of donors returned with a Hb level at or above their index value (defined as recovery for this study), 48.1% for males and 39.9% for females. Logistic regression revealed that the factor most strongly associated with Hb recovery was index Hb, with lower Hb having much higher odds of recovery. Shorter interdonation intervals were associated with decreased likelihood of recovery. Certain demographic characteristics were also associated with higher odds of recovery. Factors associated with deferral were similar to the factors associated with recovery, except for donor sex.ConclusionsAs early as the second blood donation, allogeneic donors can be differentiated into two subpopulations: those who recover to index Hb levels and those who do not. Current data routinely collected by US blood centers cannot reliably distinguish between the two groups.
Genome Sequence and Methylome of Soil Bacterium
Gemmatirosa kalamazoonensis
KBS708
T
, a Member of the Rarely Cultivated
Gemmatimonadetes
Phylum
Authors: DeBruyn Jennifer M. , Radosevich Mark , Wommack K. Eric , Polson Shawn W. , Hauser Loren J. , Fawaz Mariam N. , Korlach Jonas , Tsai Yu-Chih 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

Bacteria belonging to the phylum
Gemmatimonadetes
are found in a wide variety of environments and are particularly abundant in soils. Here, we present the complete genome sequence and methylation pattern of the newly described
Gemmatirosa kalamazoonensis
type strain.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain YL84, a Quorum-Sensing Strain Isolated from Compost
Authors: Chan Kok-Gan , Yin Wai-Fong , Lim Yan Lue 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
strain YL84, which was isolated from compost. This strain was found to be a chitinase-producing quorum-sensing bacterium.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium bovis Strain AN5, Used for Production of Purified Protein Derivative
Authors: Canevari Castelão Ana Beatriz , Nishibe Christiane , Moura André , de Alencar Andrea Padilha , de Azevedo Issa Mariana , Hodon Mikael Arrais , Mota Pedro Moacyr Pinto Coelho , Sales Érica Bravo , Fonseca Júnior Antônio Augusto , Almeida Nalvo Franco , Araújo Flábio Ribeiro 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium bovis
strain AN5 has been used to produce purified protein derivative (PPD) for the intradermal test for bovine tuberculosis since it was introduced in 1948. This work reports the draft genome sequence of
M. bovis
AN5, which is used for the production of bovine PPD in Brazil, as well as comparisons to other strains of
M. bovis
and
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
.
Self-perceived health status following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a cohort study
Authors: Quinn Audrey C , Bhargava Deepti , Al-Tamimi Yahia Z , Clark Matthew J , Ross Stuart A , Tennant Alan 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to assess the long-term self-reported health status and quality of life (QoL) of patients following an aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (ASAH) using a self-completed questionnaire booklet.DesignA two-cohort study.SettingA regional tertiary neurosurgical centre.Participants2 cohorts of patients with ASAH treated between 1998 and 2008 and followed up at approximately 1 year.InterventionsRoutine care.Primary and secondary outcomesA range of standardised scales included: AKC Short Sentences Test, the Barthel Index, the Self-Report Dysexecutive Questionnaire, the Everyday Memory Questionnaire, Stroke Symptom Checklist, Wimbledon Self-Report Scale, Modified Rankin Score (MRS) and a new Stroke-QoL. The data from summated scales were fit to the Rasch measurement model to validate the summed score.Results214 patients (48%) returned the questionnaires; the majority (76%) had a World Federation of Neurosurgeons grade of 1 or 2. The most frequent aneurysm type was that of the anterior communicating artery (28%) with approximately 90% of aneurysms of the anterior circulation. Of those previously in full or part-time employment, 48.9% were unemployed at follow-up. All summated scales satisfied the Rasch measurement model requirements, such that their summed scores were a sufficient statistic. Given this, one-third of patients were noted to have a significant mood disorder and 25% had significant dysexecutive function. Patients with an MRS of 3, 4 or 5 had significantly worse scores on most outcome measures, but a significant minority of those with a score of zero had failed to return to work and displayed significant mood disorder.ConclusionsA range of self-reported cognitive and physical deficits have been highlighted in a cohort of patients with ASAH. While the MRS has been shown to provide a reasonable indication of outcome, in routine clinical follow-up it requires supplementation by instruments assessing dysexecutive function, memory and mood.
Willingness to engage in peer-delivered HIV voluntary counselling and testing among people who inject drugs in a Canadian setting
Authors: Markwick Nicole , Ti Lianping , Callon Cody , Feng Cindy , Wood Evan , Kerr Thomas 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundPeople who inject drugs (IDU) face unique systemic, social and individual barriers to conventional HIV voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) programmes. Peer-delivered approaches represent a possible alternative to improve rates of testing among this population.MethodsCross-sectional data from a prospective cohort of IDU in Vancouver, Canada, were collected between December 2011 and May 2012. Bivariate statistics and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify the prevalence of and factors associated with willingness to receive peer-delivered VCT.ResultsOf 600 individuals, 51.5% indicated willingness to receive peer-delivered pretest counselling, 40.7% to receive peer-delivered rapid HIV testing and 42.8% to receive peer-delivered post-test counselling. Multivariate analyses found significant positive associations between willingness for pretest counselling and having used Vancouver's supervised injection facility, Insite, or being a member of VANDU (a local drug user organisation) (all p<0.05). Daily crack smoking and having used Insite were positively associated with willingness to receive peer-delivered HIV testing (p<0.05). Willingness to receive peer-delivered post-test counselling was positively associated with male gender, daily crack smoking, having used Insite and being a member of VANDU (p<0.05).ConclusionsWhile not universally acceptable, peer-delivered VCT approaches may improve access to HIV testing among IDU.
Demonstrating the effectiveness of body armour: a pilot prospective computerised surface wound mapping trial performed at the Role 3 hospital in Afghanistan
Authors: Breeze Johno , Allanson-Bailey L S , Hepper A E , Midwinter M J 
Published: April 2014

IntroductionModern body armour clearly reduces injury incidence and severity, but evidence to actually objectively demonstrate this effect is scarce. Although the Joint Theatre Trauma Registry (JTTR) alone cannot relate injury pattern to body armour coverage, the addition of computerised Surface Wound Mapping (SWM) may enable this utility.MethodSurface wound locations of all UK and NATO coalition soldiers, Afghan National Army and Police and local nationals injured by explosively propelled fragments and treated in the Role 3 UK-led Field Hospital in Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, between 8 July and 20 October 2012 were prospectively recorded. The Abbreviated Injury Scores (AIS) and relative risk of casualties sustaining injuries under a type of body armour were compared with those that did not wear that armour.ResultsCasualties wearing a combat helmet were 2.7 times less likely to sustain a fragmentation wound to the head than those that were unprotected (mean AIS of 2.9 compared with 4.1). Casualties wearing a body armour vest were 4.1 times less likely to sustain a fragmentation wound to the chest or abdomen than those that were unprotected (mean AIS of 2.9 compared with 3.9). Casualties wearing pelvic protection were 10 times less likely to sustain a fragmentation wound to the pelvis compared with those that were unprotected (mean AIS of 3.4 compared with 3.9).DiscussionComputerised SWM has objectively demonstrated the ability of body armour worn on current operations in Afghanistan to reduce wound incidence and severity. We recognise this technique is limited in that it only records the surface wound location and may be specific to this conflict. However, gathering electronic SWM at the same time as recording injuries for the JTTR was simple, required little extra time and therefore we would recommend its collection during future conflicts.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF BIDIRECTIONAL GLENN WITH UNILATERAL PULMONARY ARTERY STENOSIS
Authors: ZHAO XI , LIU YOUJUN , DING JINLI , BAI FAN , REN XIAOCHEN , MA LIANCAI , XIE JINSHENG , ZHANG HAO 
Published: April 2014

Purpose: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital heart disease and is usually associated with pulmonary artery stenosis. The superior vena cava-to-pulmonary artery (bidirectional Glenn) shunt is used primarily as a staging procedure to the total cava-to-pulmonary connection for single-ventricle complex. When HLHS coexists with pulmonary artery stenosis, the surgeons then face a multiple problem. This leads to high demand of optimized structure of Glenn surgery. The objective of this article is to investigate the influence of various anastomotic structures and the direction of superior vena cava (SVC) in Glenn on hemodynamics under pulse inflow conditions and try to find an optimal structure of SVC in Glenn surgery with unilateral pulmonary artery stenosis.Method: First, 3D patient-specific models were constructed from medical images of a HLHS patient before any surgery by using the commercial software Mimics, and another software Free-form was used to deform the reconstructed models in the computer. Four 3D patient-specific Glenn models were constructed: model-1 (normal Glenn), model-2 (lean the SVC back to the stenotic pulmonary artery), model-3 (lean the SVC towards the stenotic pulmonary artery), model-4 (add patch at junction of the SVC toward stenosis at pulmonary artery). Second, a lumped parameter model (LPM) was established to predict boundary conditions for computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In addition, numerical simulations were conducted using CFD through the finite volume method. Finally, hemodynamic parameters were obtained and evaluated.Results: It was showed that model-4 have relatively balanced vena cava blood perfusion into the left pulmonary artery (LPA) and right pulmonary artery (RPA), this may be due to less helical flow and the patch at junction of the SVC. Near stenosis of pulmonary artery, model-4 performed with the higher wall shear stress (WSS), which would benefit endothelial cell function and gene expression. In addition, results showed that model-4 performed with the lower oscillatory shear index (OSI) and wall shear stress gradient (WSSG), which would decrease the opportunity of vascular intimal hyperplasia.Conclusion: It is benefited that surgeons adds patch at junction of the SVC towards stenosis at pulmonary artery. These results can impact the surgical design and planning of the Glenn surgery with unilateral pulmonary artery stenosis.
A parametrized version of the Borsuk–Ulam–Bourgin–Yang–Volovikov theorem
Authors: Matschke Benjamin 
Published: April 2014

We present a parametrized version of Volovikov's powerful Borsuk–Ulam–Bourgin–Yang type theorem, based on a new Fadell–Husseini type ideal-valued index of G-bundles which makes computations easy. As an application we provide a parametrized version of the following waist of the sphere theorem due to Gromov, Memarian, and Karasev–Volovikov: Any map f from an n-sphere to a k-manifold (n ≥ k) has a preimage f-1(z) whose epsilon-neighborhoods are at least as large as the epsilon-neighborhoods of the equator Sn-k (if n = k we further need that f has even degree).
Physical-chemical properties and metal budget of Au-transporting hydrothermal fluids in orogenic deposits
Authors: Garofalo Paolo S. , Fricker Mattias B. , Günther Detlef , Bersani Danilo , Paolo Lottici Pier 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

We use a set of analytical techniques for fluid inclusion analysis to determine the bulk properties of the ore fluids from five orogenic gold deposits. The most common ore fluid is a low salinity (0.4–6.5 wt% NaCl) two- to three-phase aqueous-carbonic fluid. Its
T
h(total) range is 200–400 °C, and total homogenization occurs by bubble or liquid disappearance. A less common aqueous fluid of similar bulk salinity and
T
h(total) is also documented. Microchemical data show that the ore fluid in the five deposits is chemically uniform and made of Na, subordinate K and B and minor to trace amounts of Cu, As, Li, Sr, Rb, Ba, Cs, Sb and Au (range 0.5–5 µg/g). Thermodynamic modelling carried out for one of the studied deposits indicates that the ore fluid was in equilibrium with vein minerals at the time of gold deposition, and that its vapour phase was distinctly enriched in Au, B, As and Sb. The proposed mechanism of gold precipitation is a combination of fluid decompression and boiling. Combining these results with 3D geometrical reconstructions of one of the studied deposits (Sigma), we estimate that a minimum ore fluid volume of
c.
0.1–1.0 km
3
is sufficient to generate a world-class orogenic deposit.
Redox Modulation of Adjacent Thiols in VLA-4 by AS101 Converts Myeloid Leukemia Cells from a Drug-Resistant to Drug-Sensitive State
Authors: Layani-Bazar Adi , Skornick Itai , Berrebi Alain , Pauker Maor H. , Noy Elad , Silberman Alon , Albeck Michael , Longo Dan L. , Kalechman Yona , Sredni Benjamin 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Interaction between the integrin VLA-4 on acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells with stromal fibronectin is a decisive factor in chemotherapeutic resistance. In this study, we provide a rationale for a drug repositioning strategy to blunt integrin activation in AML cells and restore their sensitivity to chemotherapy. Specifically, we demonstrate that the nontoxic tellurium compound AS101, currently being evaluated in clinical trials, can abrogate the acquired resistance of AML. Mechanistic investigations revealed that AS101 caused redox inactivation of adjacent thiols in the exofacial domain of VLA-4 after its ligation to stromal fibronectin. This effect triggered cytoskeletal conformational changes that decreased PI3K/Akt/Bcl2 signaling, an obligatory step in chemosensitization by AS101. In a mouse xenograft of AML derived from patient leukemic cells with high VLA-4 expression and activity, we demonstrated that AS101 abrogated drug resistance and prolonged survival in mice receiving chemotherapy. Decreased integrin activity was confirmed on AML cells in vivo. The chemosensitizing activity of AS101 persisted in hosts with defective adaptive and innate immunity, consistent with evidence that integrin deactivation was not mediated by heightening immune attack. Our findings provide a mechanistic rationale to reposition the experimental clinical agent, AS101, to degrade VLA-4–mediated chemoresistance and improve clinical responses in patients with AML. Cancer Res; 74(11); 3092–103. ©2014 AACR.
Association between Upper Digestive Tract Microbiota and Cancer-Predisposing States in the Esophagus and Stomach
Authors: Yu Guoqin , Gail Mitchell H. , Shi Jianxin , Klepac-Ceraj Vanja , Paster Bruce J. , Dye Bruce A. , Wang Guo-Qing , Wei Wen-Qiang , Fan Jin-Hu , Qiao You-Lin , Dawsey Sanford M. , Freedman Neal D. , Abnet Christian C. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Background: The human upper digestive tract microbial community (microbiota) is not well characterized and few studies have explored how it relates to human health. We examined the relationship between upper digestive tract microbiota and two cancer-predisposing states, serum pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio (PGI/II; predictor of gastric cancer risk) and esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD; the precursor lesion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; ESCC) in a cross-sectional design.
Methods: The Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray was used to test for the presence of 272 bacterial species in 333 upper digestive tract samples from a Chinese cancer screening cohort. Serum PGI and PGII were determined by ELISA. ESD was determined by chromoendoscopy with biopsy.
Results: Lower microbial richness (number of bacterial genera per sample) was significantly associated with lower PGI/II ratio (P = 0.034) and the presence of ESD (P = 0.018). We conducted principal component (PC) analysis on a β-diversity matrix (pairwise difference in microbiota), and observed significant correlations between PC1, PC3, and PGI/II (P = 0.004 and 0.009, respectively), and between PC1 and ESD (P = 0.003).
Conclusions: Lower microbial richness in upper digestive tract was independently associated with both cancer-predisposing states in the esophagus and stomach (presence of ESD and lower PGI/II).
Impact: These novel findings suggest that the upper digestive tract microbiota may play a role in the etiology of chronic atrophic gastritis and ESD, and therefore in the development of gastric and esophageal cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(5); 735–41. ©2014 AACR.
Cancer in Africa 2012
Authors: Parkin D. Maxwell , Bray Freddie , Ferlay Jacques , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Background: Noncommunicable diseases, and especially cancers, are recognized as an increasing problem for low and middle income countries. Effective control programs require adequate information on the size, nature, and evolution of the health problem that they pose.
Methods: We present estimates of the incidence and mortality of cancer in Africa in 2012, derived from “GLOBOCAN 2012,” published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.
Results: There were 847,000 new cancer cases (6% of the world total) and 591,000 deaths (7.2% of the world total) in the 54 countries of Africa in 2012, with about three quarters in the 47 countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. While the cancer profiles often differ markedly between regions, the most common cancers in men were prostate (16.4% of new cancers), liver (10.7%), and Kaposi sarcoma (6.7%); in women, by far the most important are cancers of the breast (27.6% of all cancers) and cervix uteri (20.4%).
Conclusions: There are still deficiencies in surveillance systems, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and, specifically, of their most vital component, population-based cancer registries. With the number of annual cancer cases and deaths likely to increase by at least 70% by 2030, there is a pressing need for a coordinated approach to improving the extent and quality of services for cancer control in Africa, and better surveillance systems with which they can be planned and monitored.
Impact: The results are the best data currently available and provide a reasonable appraisal of the cancer situation in Africa. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(6); 953–66. ©2014 AACR.