bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maxillomandibular Plane Angle Bisector (MM) Adjunctive to Occlusal Plane to evaluate Anteroposterior Measurement of Dental Base
Authors: Ganiger Chanamallappa R , Cariappa KU , Ahammed AR Yusuf 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
This study was undertaken to analyze the clinical usefulness of the maxillomandibular bisector, its reproducibility, its validity and its relationship to the functional occlusal plane, the bisecting occlusal plane and the nature of its cant.

Materials and methods
Thirty pretreatment lateral cephalograms, each of adolescents (above 18 years of age) and children (10- 12 years), seeking orthodontic treatment were randomly selected and the Wits technique of anteroposterior measurement was used to compare A-B values measured to the new plane with those measured to the functional occlusal plane (FOP) and to the traditional or bisecting occlusal plane (BOP).

Results
Present study showed that MM bisector plane is more reproducible and valid reference plane, than the FOP and BOP.

Conclusion
A new plane, geometrically derived from the dental base planes, has been tested as an occlusal plane substitute for the measurement of anteroposterior jaw relationships. It lies close to but at an angle and inferior to the traditional occlusal planes and is highly reproducible at all times.

Clinical significance
Maxillomandibular planes angle bisector may be a useful adjunct for the cephalometric assessment of sagittal relationship of the patient.

How to cite this article
Ganiger CR, Nayak USK, Cariappa KU, Ahammed ARY. Maxillomandibular Plane Angle Bisector (MM) Adjunctive to Occlusal Plane to evaluate Anteroposterior Measurement of Dental Base. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012; 13(4):539-544.
Epidemiological Survey on Edentulousness
Authors: Reddy N Simhachalam , Reddy Nallala Amarendra , Narendra R , Reddy Sashi Deepth 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT
India has a large geriatric population of 77 millions, comprising 7.7% of its total population. One of the major handicaps in the elderly is loss of teeth, affecting their mastication, dietary intake and nutritional status.

Aims and objectives
The present study was planned to assess the level of edentulousness, cause of edentulousness, denture wearing and denture needs of the middle and elderly in the society and study was correlated between habits and socioeconomic variables, diet and body mass index (BMI).

Materials and methods
A total of 500 subjects (random sampling) from dental outpatient were studied. A prepared questionnaire was developed, explained, interviewed and questions were filled personally.

Results
The level of edentulousness was found to be high in the subjects with low socioeconomic status and in advancing age with no significant difference between male and females. Another finding was very low level of denture wearing of 62% needing complete denture and partial denture only 10.4% of subjects wearing dentures.
Mixed diet population had higher level of edentulousness compared with vegetarians. The BMI was correlated with level of edentulousness.

Conclusion
The study clearly showed that there is lack of dental awareness, so dental education and motivation in very important. The study concludes that the need for prosthodontics care will increase due to the increase in life span.
This study is clinically significant with regard to knowing the root cause of edentulism, either partial or complete. Out of 62% tooth loss, dental caries (37.4%) topped the cause for tooth loss followed by combination of dental caries and periodontal disease (12.2%).

How to cite this article
Reddy NS, Reddy NA, Narendra R, Reddy SD. Epidemiological Survey on Edentulousness. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):562-570.
Organizações de microfinanças: inovações e desafios para a inclusão financeira
Authors: Freitas Alair Ferreira de 
Published: July 2013

DOI: 10.5902/198346593826 The aim of this paper is to review the literature on microfinance organizations and discuss theoretical and methodological shortcomings, highlighting the innovations and challenges for financial inclusion of low-income populations. It is noticed that despite the microfinance organizations present significant advances in operational terms, mainly in lending methodologies through mechanisms of selection and monitoring consistent with their socio-political aims, they collide in the dilemma between financial viability and expand its social base toward the poorest.
<b>Panorama atual do desenvolvimento da Prática de Ensino e dos Estágios Supervisionados do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná</b>
Authors: Ferraz Daniela Frigo , Meglhioratti Fernanda Aparecida 
Published: July 2013

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464447432 A Prática de Ensino e o Estágio supervisionado constituem elementos primordiais para a formação de professores, uma vez que, permitem ao aluno a inserção no contexto da Escola de Educação Básica e possibilitam uma reflexão sobre a prática e a profissão de maneira teoricamente fundamentada. Considerando a importância da relação entre a teoria e a prática na formação inicial de professores, objetivamos investigar aspectos referentes à Prática de Ensino e ao Estágio Supervisionado no Projeto Político Pedagógico do curso de Ciências Biológicas-Licenciatura da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná. Para a realização dessa investigação, foram analisadas as resoluções 031/2003-CEPE, 329/2006-CEPE, 382/2007-CEPE e 191/2009-CEPE referentes ao Projeto Político Pedagógico do referido curso. A análise indicou alterações mais significativas entre a resolução 031/2003-CEPE e a resolução 382/2007-CEPE, sendo que esta última apresentou uma compreensão mais afinada com as diretrizes curriculares nacionais e a literatura específica da área de ensino quanto aos aspectos da Prática de ensino e do Estágio Supervisionado.
The Short-Term Effect of a Lymphatic Pump Protocol on Blood Cell Counts in Nursing Home Residents With Limited Mobility: A Pilot Study
Authors: Noll Donald R. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Context: Lymphatic pump techniques have the potential to alter blood cell counts and thus enhance immune function in elderly adults with diminished mobility.

Objective: To test whether an osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) protocol designed to enhance immune function will have an effect on lymphocyte and lymphocyte subset counts compared with a sham control group.

Design: The study design was a single-session, randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing a standardized lymphatic pump protocol with a light-touch protocol. Participants were assigned to 1 of 2 groups by using a 1:1 allocation ratio.

Setting: The study was conducted in 2 rural long-term care facilities in Missouri.

Participants: Residents in the long-term care facilities who were aged 60 years or older and who were confined to a bed or wheelchair for most of their waking hours. Twenty residents were recruited to participate in the study, and 10 were randomly assigned to each group.

Interventions: Baseline blood samples were obtained. Then each patient received a 6-minute study protocol treatment. Thirty minutes after completion, posttreatment blood samples were obtained. The OMT protocol consisted of 3 osteopathic techniques: myofascial release to the thoracic inlet, the splenic pump, and the pedal lymphatic pump. The light touch protocol was applied to the same body areas as the OMT protocol for 6 minutes.

Outcome Measures: A pretreatment and posttreatment lymphocyte subset panel, complete blood cell count, and automated white blood cell count differential was obtained from each participant.

Results: There was a statistically significant between-group difference in mean change for platelet counts: counts in the OMT group decreased by a mean (standard deviation) of 15,400 (7947) platelets per microliter and the light touch group increased by 4,700 (17,857) platelets per microliter (P=.004). The between-group differences for the mean (standard deviation) absolute lymphocyte cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit measures all decreased, but the changes were not statistically significant relative to the control group.

Conclusion: The OMT protocol used in this pilot study modestly reduced platelet counts in nursing home residents with limited mobility.
High Disease Activity: An Independent Factor for Reduced Immunogenicity of the Pandemic Influenza A Vaccine in Patients With Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Campos Lucia M. A. , Silva Clovis A. , Aikawa Nadia E. , Jesus Adriana A. , Moraes Julio C. B. , Miraglia Joao , Ishida Maria A. , Bueno Cleonice , Pereira Rosa M. R. , Bonfa Eloisa 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveRecent findings demonstrated a reduced immunogenicity of the influenza A H1N1/2009 vaccine in juvenile rheumatic diseases. However, a point of concern is whether the vaccine could induce disease flares. The aim of this study was to assess the disease safety of and the possible influence of disease parameters and therapy on nonadjuvant influenza A H1N1 vaccine response of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.MethodsOne hundred eighteen juvenile SLE patients and 102 healthy controls of a comparable age were vaccinated. Seroprotection rate, seroconversion rate, and factor increase in geometric mean titer (GMT) were calculated and effective immune response was defined by the Food and Drug Administration and the European Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products vaccine immunologic standards. Disease parameters, treatment, and adverse events were evaluated.ResultsAge was comparable in juvenile SLE patients and controls (mean ± SD 16.0 ± 3.5 versus 15.9 ± 4.5 years; P = 0.26). Three weeks after immunization, seroprotection rate (73.7% versus 95.1%; P < 0.001), seroconversion rate (63.6% versus 91.2%; P < 0.001), GMT (90.8 versus 273.3; P < 0.001), and factor increase in GMT (8.1 versus 19.9; P < 0.001) were significantly lower in juvenile SLE patients versus controls. Nonseroconversion was associated with a higher frequency of patients with a Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI‐2K) score ≥8 (48.8% versus 24%; P = 0.008) and a higher mean ± SD current glucocorticoid dosage (18 ± 21.4 versus 10.5 ± 12.5 mg/day; P = 0.018). Multivariate logistic regression including a SLEDAI‐2K score ≥8 revealed that only the SLEDAI‐2K remained a significant factor for nonseroconversion (odds ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.18–0.98; P = 0.045). Disease parameters remained stable throughout the study and no severe vaccine adverse events were observed.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated adequate disease safety and is the first to discriminate that high disease activity impairs influenza A H1N1/2009 vaccine antibody production in juvenile SLE, in spite of an overall immune response within recommended levels.
Recent Advances in Design and Fabrication of Upconversion Nanoparticles and Their Safe Theranostic Applications
Authors: Gu Zhanjun , Yan Liang , Tian Gan , Li Shoujian , Chai Zhifang , Zhao Yuliang 
Published: July 2013

AbstractLanthanide (Ln) doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted enormous attention in the recent years due to their unique upconversion luminescent properties that enable the conversion of low‐energy photons (near infrared photons) into high‐energy photons (visible to ultraviolet photons) via the multiphoton processes. This feature makes them ideal for bioimaging applications with attractive advantages such as no autofluorescence from biotissues and a large penetration depth. In addition, by incorporating advanced features, such as specific targeting, multimodality imaging and therapeutic delivery, the application of UCNPs has been dramatically expanded. In this review, we first summarize the recent developments in the fabrication strategies of UCNPs with the desired size, enhanced and tunable upconversion luminescence, as well as the combined multifunctionality. We then discuss the chemical methods applied for UCNPs surface functionalization to make these UCNPs biocompatible and water‐soluble, and further highlight some representative examples of using UCNPs for in vivo bioimaging, NIR‐triggered drug/gene delivery applications and photodynamic therapy. In the perspectives, we discuss the need of systematically nanotoxicology data for rational designs of UCNPs materials, their surface chemistry in safer biomedical applications. The UCNPs can actually provide an ideal multifunctionalized platform for solutions to many key issues in the front of medical sciences such as theranostics, individualized therapeutics, multimodality medicine, etc.
Reverse Atom Transfer Radical Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene and Butyl Acrylate Catalyzed by Iron Complexes
Authors: Wu Yumin , Wan Guangmin , Xu Jun , Cheng Shijie , Fang Pu 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTReverse atom transfer radical copolymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate was successfully carried out in an emulsion system using ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O)/ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid as a catalytic system. The effects of surfactant types and initiators, the concentration of initiator, and the catalytic system were investigated, respectively. Emulsion was obtained at 80°C under the condition of [monomers]0/[initiator]0/[catalyst]0/[ligand]0= 200/1/4/2, monomers/water = 15:100 (w/w), and the emulsifier was 2 wt% versus water. Finally, copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and gel permeation chromatography. Controlled copolymerization was confirmed by the linear correlations between molecular weights and monomer conversion, and the relatively narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn ≤ 1.5). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2013, 32, 21364; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21364
Effect of Transition Metal Ion‐Exchanged into the Zeolite Y on Electrical Conductivity and Response of PEDOT‐PSS/MY Composites toward SO2
Authors: Chanthaanont Pojjawan , Sirivat Anuvat 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate and compare the effects of different divalent transition metal cations (M2+: Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) exchanged into the hydrated zeolite Y on the electrical conductivity and sensitivity response of Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrene sulfonic acid), PEDOT‐PSS/MY composites, when exposed to sulfur dioxide. All composites show higher electrical sensitivity values and significantly longer response times than the pristine conductive polymer matrix. The results obtained can be attributed to the electronegativity of the transition metal cations exchanged into the zeolite Y micropores, which critically affects the adsorption properties of the zeolite Y, and which in turn influences the electrical sensitivity of the composites. The highest electrical conductivity response and sensitivity pertain to the PEDOT‐PSS/MnY composite. All composites investigated show nearly reversible responses toward sulfur dioxide. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2013, 32, 21367; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21367
The effect of over‐commitment and reward on trapezius muscle activity and shoulder, head, neck, and torso postures during computer use in the field
Authors: Bruno Garza Jennifer L. , Eijckelhof Belinda H.W. , Huysmans Maaike A. , Catalano Paul J. , Katz Jeffrey N. , Johnson Peter W. , van Dieen Jaap H. , van der Beek Allard J. , Dennerlein Jack T. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundBecause of reported associations of psychosocial factors and computer related musculoskeletal symptoms, we investigated the effects of a workplace psychosocial factor, reward, in the presence of over‐commitment, on trapezius muscle activity and shoulder, head, neck, and torso postures during computer use.MethodsWe measured 120 office workers across four groups (lowest/highest reward/over‐commitment), performing their own computer work at their own workstations over a 2‐hr period.ResultsMedian trapezius muscle activity (P = 0.04) and median neck flexion (P = 0.03) were largest for participants reporting simultaneously low reward and high over‐commitment. No differences were observed for other muscle activities or postures.ConclusionsThese data suggest that the interaction of reward and over‐commitment can affect upper extremity muscle activity and postures during computer use in the real work environment. This finding aligns with the hypothesized biomechanical pathway connecting workplace psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal symptoms of the neck and shoulder. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:1190–1200, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A job‐exposure matrix for research and surveillance of occupational health and safety in Spanish workers: MatEmESp
Authors: García Ana M. , González‐Galarzo M. Carmen , Kauppinen Timo , Delclos Georges L. , Benavides Fernando G. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn this study we describe a general‐population job‐exposure matrix (MatEmESp) for Spanish workers covering the period 1996–2005.MethodsThe Finnish job‐exposure matrix (FINJEM) provided the default value estimates for occupational exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents. These estimates were adapted to Spanish working conditions by local experts. Spanish surveys were used to obtain exposure estimates for ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors. Employment and socio‐demographic conditions for Spanish workers were obtained from the Spanish National Statistics Institute.ResultsMatEmESp provides a large amount of national and occupation‐specific data on the major occupational exposures in Spain. As some examples, the data show that the most prevalent occupational hazards are repetitive movements and a lack of support from co‐workers. In addition, 10% of the Spanish working population perform night shifts, and bricklayers and concrete workers are the job titles with the highest risk of exposure to quartz dust.ConclusionsMatEmESp can be a useful tool for research and surveillance, and can help set priorities for occupational illness and injury prevention in Spain. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:1226–1238, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chitosan‐based wet‐spun scaffolds for bioactive agent delivery
Authors: Ucar Seniz , Yilgor Pinar , Hasirci Vasif , Hasirci Nesrin 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTUse of scaffolds both as supporting materials at defect site and delivery vehicles for bioactive agents is a commonly employed strategy to aid in tissue repair and regeneration. In this study, fibrous meshes of chitosan were prepared by wet spinning and coated with alginate. BSA as a model protein and gentamicin as a model antibiotic were incorporated into the scaffolds in multiple loading models and their release kinetics were studied. The effects of structural form of scaffold and properties of bioactive agents on release profiles were evaluated. Our results suggest that, designed scaffolds are potential candidates for tissue engineering with the feature of controlled bioactive agent delivery. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3759–3769, 2013
Multifunctional finishing of cotton fabric based on in situ fabrication of polymer‐hybrid nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Desuo , Zhang Guangyu , Chen Ling , Liao Yanfen , Chen Yuyue , Lin Hong 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis article describes a new strategy of fabricating multifunctional textile through in situ synthesis of polymer‐hybrid nanoparticles in the fabric by a one‐step microwave irradiation. The amino‐terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP‐NH2) was employed as the smart polymer, which not only can entrap silver ions and reduce them for the in situ generation of Ag nanoparticles, but also react with zinc ions to produce ZnO nanoparticles. Therefore, the two kinds of nanoparticles could be in situ fabricated in textile simultaneously under the control of HBP‐NH2. Cotton fabric was chosen for this study. The mechanism of the multifunctional finishing process of cotton fabric was discussed in detail. The treated cotton fabrics were characterized, and the ultraviolet (UV) protective properties and antibacterial activities of them were investigated in comparison with the cotton fabric treated with only one kind of nanoparticle. The results indicated that the nanoparticles were assembled on cotton fibers with size range from 20 to 100 nm. The multifunctional finishing could offer cotton fabric with excellent UV protective property and antibacterial activity simultaneously. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3778–3784, 2013
Exposed riverine sediments (ERS) in England and Wales: distribution, controls and management
Authors: O'Callaghan Matthew J. , Hannah David M. , Williams Mike , Sadler Jon P. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

The invertebrates of natural and semi‐natural floodplains are diverse, often rare, and important functionally. Early successional patches formed by flood‐deposited, coarse, exposed riverine sediments (ERS) are an important habitat in these riparian ecosystems.
Extensive channel modifications and engineering works have removed ERS from much of the European river network. This vulnerability, coupled with their role in strengthening biodiversity and associated ecosystem function, makes it important to catalogue remaining ERS distributions and understand controlling factors.
This paper aims to: (1) provide the first systematic, modern assessment of the extent and distribution of ERS in England and Wales; (2) characterize geographical and hydrological features of ERS‐rich systems; and (3) model the physical and artificial factors determining the complexity and abundance of ERS in England and Wales.
River flow regime analysis and generalized linear modelling were combined to identify variables influencing ERS habitat complexity and abundance.
ERS predominates in the north and south west of England and Wales, where headwaters are at higher altitudes and substrates are predominantly glacial, alluvial or sedimentary. Local complexity (average number of individual ERS patches per km) was related to stream power and the potential for sediment transport as reflected by stream slope. ERS habitat area declined with the presence of headwater abstraction, but otherwise ERS was not associated with any identified hydrological regime. However, all rivers were strongly seasonal and characterized by sufficient flashiness to ensure high‐flow events throughout the year.
These results underline the strong natural controls on the distribution and complexity of ERS, but also that habitat provision can be suppressed by human activities, which has implications for conservation practice. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.