bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stapled vs Manually Sutured Bowel Anastomosis in Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy: a single-center retrospective analysis
Authors: Hermans Thomas , Schevenels Giel , Motmans Steve , Raskin Yannic 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Radical cystectomy is the primary treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer and certain cases of high-risk non-muscle-invasive disease. Robot-assisted cystectomy techniques (RARC) have emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery, offering enhanced precision. The creation of an effective bowel anastomosis is critical in these procedures, with manually sutured anastomosis being a good and significantly cheaper alternative to the standard stapled anastomosis.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective study of 92 patients who underwent RARC between March 2021 and November 2023. Bowel anastomosis was performed using either stapled or manually sutured techniques. Outcome parameters included bowel-related complications, operation duration, length of hospital stay, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, readmissions, and postoperative recovery metrics.
Results:
Of the patients, 59 received manually sutured bowel anastomosis, while 33 received stapled anastomosis. Demographic analysis showed no significant differences between the groups. Gastrointestinal (GI) complications occurred in 25% of patients, predominantly paralytic ileus. There were no statistically significant differences in complication rates between the two techniques. Readmissions were higher in the sutured group, mainly due to non-GI complications. Operation duration and length of stay were similar in both groups.
Conclusion:
This study found comparable outcomes between stapled and manually sutured bowel anastomosis in RARC, with no significant increase in GI complications or in operation duration in manually sutured anastomosis. Considering the substantial financial advantage in favor of manual suturing, this technique could become the new standard.
Using additive manufacturing for craniocervical reconstruction in traditionally challenging cases
Authors: Xue Shilin , Xu Nanfang , Liu Shanshan , Yan Ming , Tian Yinglun , Hung Kanlin , Liu Zhongjun , Wang Shenglin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Study Design:
Retrospective case series.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and effectiveness of using 3D printed implants in upper cervical spine and occipitocervical junction surgery.
Methods
C2 primary tumor patients who required axial en bloc resection and other patients who required partial bone decompression using customized 3D printed implants or fixation devices for surgery were included. Evaluate the stability and surgical outcomes of 3D printed implants through perioperative and follow-up period.
Results
Five tumor patients underwent reconstruction using customized 3D printed artificial vertebral bodies, while another five patients with atlantoaxial joint dislocation underwent reduction and decompression using customized 3D printed internal fixation devices. The postoperative imaging results showed that the 3D printed structures had good immediate stability and had no signs of displacement or subsidence. Follow up showed that all five cases of vertebral body reconstruction had achieved fusion. Only one patient died one month after surgery due to infection and respiratory difficulties. Other patients showed excellent improvement in neurological function in follow up.
Conclusions
The use of 3D printed implants in surgery involving the occipitocervical area is a feasible and reliable alternative choice. 3D printed implants can improve the safety and accuracy of surgery, provide good immediate stability, have a low incidence of subsidence, fewer related complications during the follow-up period.
Low-Density Granulocytes Are Increased in Children with Acute Asthma and Associated with Disease Severity
Authors: Zhu Xiaohua , Li Mingyuan , Liu Zhiqiang , Huang Peng , Tang Shuqing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Asthma is a worldwide problem. Many studies have found a close relationship between the occurrence and development of asthma and neutrophils. Recently, a subgroup of neutrophils called low-density granulocytes (LDGs) and the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 were found to be increased in many chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the clinical significance of LDGs and LL-37 in acute asthma attacks in children and their role in the pathogenesis of asthma remain unclear. Therefore, we measured the proportion of LDGs in peripheral blood leukocytes of children with acute asthma attacks and children who were healthy by flow cytometry and analyzed the expression of LL-37 by western blotting and RT-qPCR. To compare the difference in the LDG proportions in children with acute asthma attacks with respect to disease severity, the children were divided into non-severe and severe groups. Our results showed that, compared with the healthy control group, the levels of LDGs and LL-37 in children with acute asthma attacks were increased, and the LDG level was more significant in the severe group than in the non-severe group. The proportion of LDGs was positively correlated with the severity of asthma and neutrophil levels, but not with eosinophil levels. These results indicate that there is excessive activation of neutrophils in acute asthma attacks and heterogeneity in this cell population may be an important mechanism in the occurrence and development of asthma. Thus, LDGs are involved in acute asthma attacks in children and positively influence disease severity, and LL-37 may be an important inflammatory factor.
Cytokine analysis may support new therapeutic strategies for immune-mediated hearing loss.
Authors: muñoz Jose Maria Verdaguer , Sánchez-Martínez Ana , Arnáiz-Canora Nuria , Royuela Ana , López Antonio Sánchez , García Silvia , García-Berrocal José 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Diagnosing immune-mediated hearing loss is challenging due to diverse clinical presentations and lack of specific markers. This study assesses cytokine levels in these patients to identify potential diagnostic markers and new treatments.
Materials and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 70 early-stage immune-mediated hearing loss patients was conducted. Inclusion criteria included clinical presentation, immunological work-up alterations, corticosteroid response, and comparison with healthy controls. Serum levels of IFN gamma, IL-1Beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17a, and TNFalfa were measured using a Magnetic Luminex Assay kit.
Results:
The cohort, with an average age of 42.1 years, showed bilateral hearing loss in 30% of cases, predominantly as sudden sensorineural hearing loss (54.2%). Among cytokines analyzed, only IL-10 levels were elevated compared to controls.
Discussion:
Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation due to limited diagnostic markers. Previous studies on cytokine involvement had conflicting results. Elevated IL-10 levels suggest a role in pathogenesis and treatment response, warranting further investigation.
Conclusion:
IL-10 therapy is proposed for corticosteroid non-responders, offering a promising research direction. Identifying diagnostic markers and understanding immune-related causes are crucial for improving outcomes in immune-mediated hearing loss, supporting ongoing research efforts.
Analysis of post-market adverse events of panitumumab: a real-world study base on FAERS database
Authors: He Huocong , Yu Hongyu , Liu Yile , Huang Yang , Pan Jianru , Wang Shaoli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health issue, with metastatic disease posing a considerable challenge despite therapeutic advancements. Panitumumab, an EGFR inhibitor, has been a ray of hope for patients with chemorefractory metastatic CRC. However, understanding the safety profile of panitumumab is crucial for optimizing patient care.
Methods:
This study leveraged the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to scrutinize ADR reports linked to panitumumab from September 27, 2006, to December 31, 2023. Utilizing statistical methods such as Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean (EBGM), the study conducted a disproportionality analysis to identify potential safety signals.
Results:
The analysis of 5,166 ADR reports revealed a significant association between panitumumab and a spectrum of ADRs. Notable adverse events included skin toxicities, hematologic and lymphatic system disorders, gastrointestinal issues, electrolyte imbalances, and neurological reactions. The study also highlighted the need for close monitoring of serious outcomes like hospitalization, death, and life-threatening conditions.
Conclusion:
The study presents a comprehensive analysis of ADRs associated with panitumumab, emphasizing the necessity for continuous pharmacovigilance and the implementation of strategies to ensure patient safety. The limitations of spontaneous reporting systems are acknowledged, and the call for further research to refine the safety profile of panitumumab is made.
Two types of vidian neurectomy show efficacy in treating allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis
Authors: Sun Shujuan , Chen AiPing , Shi Li , Wan Yuzhu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacies of endoscopic vidian neurectomy (VN) and highly selective vidian neurectomy (HSVN) for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) and vasomotor rhinitis (VMR). All AR and VMR patients were divided into two groups, Group VN and Group HSVN. The efficacy evaluation methods were visual analog scale (VAS), rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ), and medication score. The efficacy evaluations were used to assess patient rhinitis symptoms, quality of life and drug usage. The time points of follow-up period were preoperative, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years post operation. By analyzing pre- and postoperative VAS, medication score and RQLQ score, the results showed that rhinitis symptoms and quality of life in both VN and HSVN groups were significantly improved at 3 years, and the rate of improvement decreased gradually with time. Post operation, there were no significant differences in VAS and medication scores between the VN and HSVN groups. With respect to RQLQ, postoperative 2 years and 3 years improvements in sleep disorders, non-nasal symptoms and eye symptoms were significantly greater in the HSVN group than in the VN group. Improvements in rhinitis symptoms and quality of life in AR and VMR were sustained by VN and HSVN until 3 years post operation, with greater quality of life improvements in the HSVN group.
Hypomagnesemia is a Risk Factor for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in Acutely Ill, Hospitalized Elderly Patients. A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of 6,428 Patients.
Authors: Sela Omer , Dumanis Guy , Klaiman Eddie , Warschavsky Dor , Haim Sapir , Elnatan Shaked , Itzhak Daniella , Halperin Yoav , Segal Gad , Vaisman Adva 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background. Hypomagnesemia, known to be associated with physiologic stress and states of inflammation, is also known to be common in acutely ill, hospitalized patients. The potential association between hypomagnesemia and increased risk for VTE (venous thromboembolism) is not well established.
Methods. This was a retrospective analysis of acutely ill, hospitalized elderly patients in a tertiary medical center.
Results. A cohort of 6,428 elderly hospitalized patients (57.8% males, median age 77 years (IQR 71 - 84)) included 3,007 (46.8%) with hypomagnesemia (Mg < 1.8 mg/dL). Amongst the hypomagnesemia group of patients, the median age was 76 (IQR 70 – 82). There was no significant difference in the rates of background thrombophilia between both study groups (0.4% vs. 0.3%; p = 0.47). Background malignancy more common in the hypomagnesemia group (6.7% vs. 4.3%; p < 0.001). Usage of proton pump inhibitors was more prevalent in the hypomagnesemia group (49.9% vs. 43%; p < 0.001). The occurrence of VTE by 30 days of admission was significantly higher amongst patients with hypomagnesemia (3% vs. 2.1%, OR = 1.45 CI95% 1.06 – 1.99; p = 0.02). In a multivariate analysis, controlling for age, gender, background malignancy, chronic kidney disease and thrombophilia, hypomagnesemia was still, independently associated with increased occurrence of 30-days VTE [OR = 1.42, CI95% 1.04 – 1.96; P = 0.029].
Conclusions.Amongst hospitalized, acutely ill, elderly patients, hypomagnesemia is independently associated with an increased risk of VTE.
ALOX15 Knockdown Mitigates Hypoxia and Hypobaric-induced Heart Injury and Ferroptosis via p53-SAT1 signaling pathway
Authors: Yan Jiayi , Zhang Zhuo , Ge Yunxuan , Chen Junru , Xu Huanhua , Gao Rong , Huang Mingyue , Xiao Chengrong , Zhang Han , Gao Yue , Zhang Boli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Acute mountain sickness is one of public health problem caused by hypobaric and hypoxia (HH). More than 100 million people move from plain area to plateau worldwide every year and 10–85% of these individuals suffer from acute mountain sickness (AMS), which induces multiple organ damage including heart. However, only scanty mechanism information is available on acute altitude-induced heart injuries. In this study, we sought to investigate the association between hypobaric hypoxia induced heart injury and inflammatory response and ferroptosis process. In this study, rats were subjected to a low-pressure hypoxic chamber to establish hypobaric hypoxia model. H&E staining, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy were conducted to investigate myocardium injury. Flow cytometry and Rat 23-Plex Cytokine chip were analyzed changes of monocyte subtypes and cytokines concentration. RNA-seq and targeted metabolomics method were applied to identified key genes and metabolites. ALOX15-deficient rats were used to elucidate the functional roles of ALOX15 and its metabolites of 12/15-sHETE in HH-induced heart injury. Right ventricular injury accompanied by significant inflammatory damage of rats occured during acute HH exposure, especially in 3 day. Proinflammatory M1 macrophage increased after HH exposure, and classical monocytes subset ( Ly6c+) both increased significantly in blood and bone marrow, but decreased significantly in bone marrow. HH enhance the expression of GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-18, IL-2 ,IL-7, MIP-1αand CCL5 in myocardium. Mechanically, ALOX15 and its metabolites of 12/15-sHETE highly expression in myocardium, which triggered ferroptosis in endothelial cells of heart, and in turn contributed to inflammatory injury of myocardial tissue. In addition, pathway-based screening results show that ALOX15 was upregulated through p53-SAT1 pathway. Conversely, heart specific knockdown of ALOX15 in rat inhibited endothelial cells ferroptosis through ACSL4-LPCAT3 pathways, and reduce the number of monocytes. Likewise, decreased secretion of 12/15s-HETE significantly reduced ROS accumulation in endothelial cells thereby protected the inflammatory injured in myocardium. Together, our results established that ALOX15 and 12/15s-HETE mediated endothelial cells ferroptosis causing myocarditis damage after hypoxia and hypobaric exposure.
Detailed analysis and numerical simulation of MEMS solar cell using closed form method
Authors: Esmaeili Mohammad , Ganji Bahram Azizollah , Vosta Pezhman Kiani 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Solar cells are electronic devices that convert sunlight into electrical energy. Also, solar cells are known as a clean and renewable energy source. In this paper, for the first time, a new method with closed-form analytical equations is presented for the detailed analysis of a specific solar cell structure based on MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) technology. The proposed method is a comprehensive and complete analytical method, which is applicable and valid for all solar cell structures based on a two-layer cantilever with any piezoelectric. Also, using the proposed analytical method, closed relationships for calculating the open circuit voltage and other important parameters of this type of solar cells based on MEMS technology have been presented. With this proposed method, complex simulation tools will no longer be needed to calculate the open circuit voltage and other important parameters of solar cells with two-layer cantilevers. Also, the proposed closed-form relationships help designers to understand the design compromises and design the two-layer cantilever-based solar cell for their specific and desired conditions. To show the high validity of the proposed method, the simulation results have been compared with the theoretical results. In this comparison, the simulation results and the theoretical results are very close to each other or almost equal. Also, the proposed structure has been numerically simulated using Comsol software.
Electrical activity of osphradial neurons of the greater pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis is modulated by the brominated flame retardant 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2 dibromoethyl) cyclohexane
Authors: Enns Kaesy Lynne , Tomy Gregg T. , Fry W. Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2 dibromoethyl) cyclohexane (TBECH) is a brominated flame retardant used as a chemical additive in commercial and industrial manufacturing to reduce product flammability. TBECH has previously been shown to be an endocrine disruptor of the gonadal and thyroid axes, however, its neurotoxic effects, including effects on electrical excitability of neurons, are understudied. Therefore, we investigated the potential of TBECH to modulate electrical activity of neurons from the chemosensory osphradial organ of Lymnaea stagnalis using a suction electrode and extracellular recording.Results Application of TBECH caused a variable response in osphradial nerve spike activity, whereby some recordings showed increased action potential firing and some showed decreased firing. This resulted no significant change in mean action potential frequency after TBECH treatment compared to control (n = 6 separate experiments). However, using semi-automated spike sorting analysis to identify individual spike types from each recording revealed that the frequency of some spike types increased and some decreased within each nerve recording, and that TBECH caused significant modulation of activity. These findings indicate that TBECH may represent an acutely neurotoxic environmental contaminant that has potential to interfere with neural signaling in animals.
Global coastal reclamation disproportionately erodes biodiversity and blue carbon stocks
Authors: Li Yangfan , Zhang Qian , Zhang Zhen , Song Xiao-Peng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Global coastal reclamation represents artificial lands gained from the sea, is a common way to meet land requirement for coastal urbanization, posing substantial threats to fragile tidal ecosystems. However, the global pattern of created artificial land and its resultant ecological consequences remain uncertain. Here, we present a global map of coastal reclamation between 1985 and 2020, using satellite imagery and deep learning. We show that coastal reclamation is a widespread phenomenon across 92 coastal countries, appropriating a total area of 16,044 km² over the 35 years, primarily driven by aquaculture (35%) and port development (30%). Coastal reclamation has affected 13% of globally threatened species and resulted in a loss of 128 Tg C in carbon stocks over the 35 years. This study identifies hotspots of human expansion into the ocean and the primary land-use drivers behind this expansion, highlighting its disproportionate impact on biodiversity and carbon stocks pertaining to eco-environmental sustainability.
Climatic constraints on the indirect impacts of urbanization on vegetation growth in China
Authors: Chen Liding , Li Ninglv , Zhao Fangkai , Chen Shanshan , Li Chun , Wang Yiting , Sun Ranhao , Yang Xiaojun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Understanding the factors and mechanisms that influence the impact of urbanization on vegetation growth is crucial for climate change mitigation and urban greening initiatives. However, the long-term evolution mechanisms of these impacts, particularly in the context of changing climate and water scarcity, are not yet fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the long-term indirect impacts of urbanization on vegetation growth across 2,385 county-level cities in China. We found that the trend of vegetation enhancement induced indirectly by urbanization is less pronounced in arid zones compared to humid zones. In addition to the vegetation removal caused by urbanization, the expansion of urban spaces can compensate for vegetation loss by fostering growth, surpassing the effects of economic and population growth. However, in arid zones, the positive impacts and regulation amplitudes of urban spatial expansion on vegetation growth are constrained due to high urban water scarcity. These insights may contribute to a more accurate assessment of carbon gains or losses in urbanized vegetation.
Comparison of 72-hour wearable patch monitoring and 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring for the detection of cardiogenic vertigo
Authors: Kim Hyun Ah , Lee Hyung , Park Hyoung-Seob , Ahn Jinhee , Lee Suk-Min , Choi Seo-Young , Oh Eun Hye , Choi Jae-Hwan , Park Ji-Yun , Choi Kwang-Dong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We sought to compare the diagnostic efficacy of a 72-hour wearable electrocardiography (ECG) patch monitoring with a conventional 24-hour Holter monitoring for the detection of cardiogenic vertigo (CV). We conducted a prospective multicenter study that recruited 47 patients suspected of CV in four referral-based university hospitals between November 2019 and April 2022. Patients received simultaneous ambulatory ECG recordings using a 72-hour wearable ECG patch monitoring and a conventional 24-hour Holter monitor. The primary outcome was the detection rate of arrhythmia events during the entire wearing period. The secondary outcomes included device preference and factors affecting CV detection. During the 72-hour monitoring period, there was no significant difference in the overall detection rate of arrhythmia events between the wearable patch and conventional Holter monitoring (21.3% vs.17.0%, p > .001). Most patients (46/47) favored a wearable patch over Holter monitoring. The detection of CV was associated with a lower frequency of vertigo. The effectiveness of wearable ECG patch monitoring was comparable to conventional Holter monitoring in detecting CV. With its extended monitoring capability and patient preference, wearable patch monitoring holds promise as an alternative method for CV diagnosis.