bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coastal Migration and Homing of Roanoke River Striped Bass
Authors: Callihan Jody L. , Harris Julianne E. , Hightower Joseph E. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Anadromy in Roanoke River Striped Bass Morone saxatilis has been documented; however, the specifics of the ocean migration and the degree of homing in this population remain unstudied and would greatly benefit the management of this economically important species. To this end, we telemetered and released 19 large Roanoke River Striped Bass (750–1,146 mm TL) on their spawning grounds during the springs of 2011 and 2012. Data from a large-scale acoustic telemetry array along the U.S. Atlantic coast (480 total receivers, including the Roanoke River) were used to evaluate the seasonal migration and distribution of telemetered fish, their degree of homing and skipped spawning, their migration speeds, and the environmental drivers of migration timing. We found that large Roanoke River Striped Bass (&gt;900 mm TL) rapidly emigrated (~59 km/d) after spawning to distant (&gt;1,000 km) northern ocean waters (New Jersey to Massachusetts), where they spent their summers. They then migrated southward in the fall to overwintering habitats off Virginia and North Carolina and completed their migration circuit the following spring by returning to the Roanoke River to spawn. Our results showed no evidence of straying or skipped spawning, as all migrants successfully returned (homed) to the Roanoke River the next spring to spawn. Cooler ocean water temperatures in 2013 delayed the spring spawning run by nearly 3 weeks relative to a year of average spring temperatures (2012). Our study provides novel information that aids the management of Striped Bass at both small (e.g., setting of fishing seasons in the Roanoke River) and large spatial scales (e.g., stock identification of Roanoke River fish in the mixed-stock ocean fishery) and more broadly highlights the utility of large-scale cooperative telemetry arrays in studying fish migration.
Received February 5, 2015; accepted May 27, 2015
cgmisc: enhanced genome-wide association analyses and visualization
Authors: Kierczak Marcin , Jabłońska Jagoda , Forsberg Simon K. G. , Bianchi Matteo , Tengvall Katarina , Pettersson Mats , Scholz Veronika , Meadows Jennifer R. S. , Jern Patric , Carlborg Örjan , Lindblad-Toh Kerstin 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Summary: High-throughput genotyping and sequencing technologies facilitate studies of complex genetic traits and provide new research opportunities. The increasing popularity of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) leads to the discovery of new associated loci and a better understanding of the genetic architecture underlying not only diseases, but also other monogenic and complex phenotypes. Several softwares are available for performing GWAS analyses, R environment being one of them.
Results: We present cgmisc, an R package that enables enhanced data analysis and visualization of results from GWAS. The package contains several utilities and modules that complement and enhance the functionality of the existing software. It also provides several tools for advanced visualization of genomic data and utilizes the power of the R language to aid in preparation of publication-quality figures. Some of the package functions are specific for the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) data.
Availability and implementation: The package is operating system-independent and is available from: https://github.com/cgmisc-team/cgmisc
Contact: marcin.kierczak@imbim.uu.se
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Clinical outcome and molecular characterization of pediatric glioblastoma treated with postoperative radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide: a single institutional study of 66 children
Authors: Jalali Rakesh , Rishi Anupam , Goda Jayant S. , Sridhar Epari , Gurav Mamta , Sharma Pravin , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Shetty Prakash , Gupta Tejpal 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) in children is rare. Pediatric GBM have a distinct molecular profile as compared to adult GBM. There are relatively few studies of pediatric GBMs and no standard of care on adjuvant therapy. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome and molecular profile of pediatric GBM.Methods and MaterialsBetween 2004 and 2013, 66 consecutive children with histologically proven GBM were identified from our database. The majority of the children underwent maximal safe resection followed by focal radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for p53, MIB-1 labeling index, MGMT overexpression, and EGFR amplification and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) R132H point mutation. Survival and impact of possible prognostic factors on outcomes were analyzed.ResultMedian survival was 15 months. The overall survival rate at 1 year was 62%, at 2 years was 30%, and at 3 years was 27%. Patients with thalamic tumors (P &lt; .001), incompletely resected tumors (P &lt; .00001), and tumors with MIB-1 labeling index &gt;25% (P &lt; .002) had poor overall survival rates. p53 was overexpressed in 74% of patients, MGMT promoter methylation was seen in 37% of patients, IDH1 mutation was seen in 4% of patients, and no patients had EGFR amplification. MGMT methylation and p53 overexpression did not impact survival.ConclusionsClinical outcome of pediatric GBM is similar to that reported for adult GBM. The frequency of p53 overexpression is higher than in adult GBM, while MGMT methylation, IDH1 mutations and EGFR amplification is lower than in adult GBM. MGMT methylation and p53 expression status do not have any prognostic significance.
Physical Activity Is Prospectively Associated With Adolescent Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Anderson Emma L. , Fraser Abigail , Howe Laura D. , Callaway Mark P. , Sattar Naveed , Day Chris , Tilling Kate , Lawlor Debbie A. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the present study was to assess whether objectively measured physical activity at mean ages 12 and 14 years are prospectively associated with ultrasound scan liver fat and stiffness (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase [AST], and γ‐glutamyl transferase [GGT]) assessed at mean age 17.8 years.Methods:Participants were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Total physical activity (counts per minute) and minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were measured using ActiGraph accelerometers at mean ages 12 and 14 years.Results:Greater total physical activity and MVPA at ages 12 and 14 years were associated with lower odds of liver fat and lower GGT levels at mean age 17.8 years, such as per 15‐minute increase in daily MVPA at age 12 years, the confounder adjusted odds ratio of liver fat was 0.47 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27–0.84). Associations attenuated after additional adjustment for fat mass as a potential confounder (eg, per 15‐minute increase in daily MVPA at age 12 years, the odds ratio of liver fat attenuated to 0.65 [95% CI 0.35–1.21]) or a potential mediator (eg, per 15‐minute increase in daily MVPA at age 12 years the odds ratio of liver fat attenuated to 0.59 [95% CI 0.32–1.09]). Results did not further attenuate after additional adjustment for insulin resistance. There was some evidence that greater total physical activity and MVPA at age 12 years were associated with the higher AST levels.Conclusions:Adolescents who were more active in childhood have lower odds of fatty liver and lower GGT levels. These findings are likely to be, at least in part, explained by adiposity.
Endoscopic Treatment of Gastric Outlet Obstruction Secondary to Accidental Acid Ingestion in a Child
Authors: Andrade Mateus , Sawamura Regina , Cupo Palmira , Lopes Del Ciampo Ieda R. , Fernandes Maria I.M. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTAccidental corrosive ingestion is not rare in pediatric patients in developing countries. We report a case of gastric outlet obstruction after the accidental ingestion of an acidic substance by a child who was successfully treated with endoscopic balloon dilatation.
A method to estimate the contribution of regional genetic associations to complex traits from summary association statistics
Authors: Pare Guillaume , Mao Shihong , Deng Wei Q. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDespite considerable efforts, known genetic associations only explain a small fraction of predicted heritability. Regional associations combine information from multiple contiguous genetic variants and can improve variance explained at established association loci. However, regional associations are not easily amenable to estimation using summary association statistics because of sensitivity to linkage disequilibrium (LD). We now propose a novel method to estimate phenotypic variance explained by regional associations using summary statistics while accounting for LD. Our method is asymptotically equivalent to multiple regression models when no interaction or haplotype effects are present. It has multiple applications, such as ranking of genetic regions according to variance explained or comparison of variance explained by to or more regions. Using height and BMI data from the Health Retirement Study (N=7,776), we show that most genetic variance lies in a small proportion of the genome and that previously identified linkage peaks have higher than expected regional variance.
Principal time management skills
Authors: Grissom Jason A. , Loeb Susanna , Mitani Hajime 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– Time demands faced by school principals make principals’ work increasingly difficult. Research outside education suggests that effective time management skills may help principals meet job demands, reduce job stress, and improve their performance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate these hypotheses.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors administered a time management inventory to nearly 300 principals in Miami-Dade County Public Schools, the fourth-largest school district in the USA. The authors analyzed scores on the inventory descriptively and used them to predict time-use data collected via in-person observations, a survey-based measure of job stress, and measures of perceived job effectiveness obtained from assistant principals and teachers in the school.

Findings
– Principals with better time management skills allocate more time in classrooms and to managing instruction in their schools but spend less time on interpersonal relationship-building. Perhaps as a result of this tradeoff, the authors find that associations between principal time management skills and subjective assessments of principal performance are mixed. The authors find strong evidence, however, that time management skills are associated with lower principal job stress.

Practical implications
– Findings suggest that building principals’ time management capacities may be a worthwhile strategy for increasing time on high-priority tasks and reducing stress.

Originality/value
– This study is the first to empirically examine time management among school principals and link time management to key principal outcomes using large-scale data.
The financing of small firms in Beijing, China: exploring the extent of credit constraints
Authors: Wang Jia , Robson Paul , Freel Mark 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to utilise a sample of 384 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) who applied for external finance in the Beijing area of China to investigate the characteristics of firms against: the amount of external finance sought, the amount received, and the proportion of external finance which was received from the sought finance.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors use a survey of SMEs in Beijing, China, undertaken between July and December 2007 where a response rate of 37.67 per cent was obtained. The survey was translated from English to Chinese, and then back translated from Chinese to English by academics with input from businesses. The sample of 384 firms is robust.

Findings
– Overall, there is little evidence in the sample of Chinese SMEs that innovative firms face discrimination from providers of credit. However, where innovation is measured by inputs (specifically R
&
D), providers of credit appear less comfortable. Three other factors were more important and were statistically significant at the 5 per cent level. For example, exporters were less likely to receive a greater proportion of their sought finance; and manufacturing firms were more likely than service sector firms, and limited liability companies were more likely than extended sole proprietorship firms to obtain a greater proportion of the external finance which they sought.

Research limitations/implications
– The sample for the research is from Beijing. Researchers may extent and role out the research to other parts of China.

Practical implications
– Practically, the authors explore variations in firm-level characteristics by: the amount of external finance sought, the amount of external finance received, and the ratio of “sought” to “received” external finance. In this way, the research questions are concerned with understanding which “types” of firms seek most bank finance, and which are most successful. This information is of benefit to SMEs, policy makers and those who work in the finance industry.

Social implications
– Access to finance is a cause of stress and anxiety to many SMEs. A greater understanding of the accessing of finance in Beijing China will allow entrepreneurs to be better placed to reflect upon their businesses and their suitability to pursue finance. This can help the economic and social well-being of entrepreneurs and their employees.

Originality/value
– There are comparatively few large scale surveys which have been undertaken of access to finance by SMEs in China, and within this field there is very little research which has been undertaken to look at innovators and non-innovators. The results allow us to have a better understanding of how much finance SMEs in Beijing are seeking, obtaining, and the proportion of finance received from that sought, and the extent to which innovation and other business and owner-manager characteristics are influential.
The influence of department policy and accountability on officer-involved collisions
Authors: Hansen J. Andrew , Rojek Jeff , Wolfe Scott E. , Alpert Geoffrey P. 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– Little is known regarding the impact of organizational policies and practices on police officers’ driving behaviors. To address an important gap in the empirical literature, this study examined how perceived likelihood of discipline for violations of agency driving policies impacted officer-involved vehicle collisions.

Design/methodology/approach
– Surveys were distributed to patrol officers and their supervisors in eight California law enforcement agencies. The surveys elicited information regarding the perceived likelihood of discipline for violations of agency driving policies regarding cell phone use, text messaging, seatbelt use, speeding, and vehicle operations during emergency and pursuit situations.

Findings
– The findings demonstrated a significant impact of perceived likelihood of enforcement for some but not all agency driving policies on officer-involved vehicle collisions.

Research limitations/implications
– This study was limited to self-reported data from patrol officers and their supervisors in eight California agencies.

Practical implications
– Findings suggest that agencies may reduce officer injuries and other costs by increasing supervision and enforcement of agency driving policies.

Originality/value
– This study contributes to the extant body of literature on officer-involved vehicle collisions by considering the impact of agency policy and supervision on officer behavior.
Effect of different matrices on probiotic resistance to in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions
Authors: Casarotti Sabrina N , Todorov Svetoslav D , Penna Ana Lúcia B 
Published: August 2015

In this study, we evaluated the effect of different matrices (MRS, milk and milk with inulin) on the tolerance of probiotic strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus La‐5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12) to simulated conditions similar to those found in the gastrointestinal tract. Both probiotic strains demonstrated a significantly lower viability after exposure to in vitro gastric and intestinal conditions, and B. animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12 showed higher survival during the test compared to L. acidophilus La‐5 in all tested matrices. Milk and inulin protected probiotics from in vitro gastrointestinal stress. These results suggest that it is critical to formulate the food matrix to be used as probiotic carrier.
Assessment of donkey milk chemical, microbiological and sensory attributes in Greece and Cyprus
Authors: Malissiova Eleni , Arsenos Georgios , Papademas Photis , Fletouris Dimitrios , Manouras Athanasios , Aspri Maria , Nikolopoulou Aikaterini , Giannopoulou Alexandra , Arvanitoyannis Ioannis S 
Published: August 2015

This study aimed to assess the nutritional, hygienic and sensory characteristics of donkey milk produced in Greece and Cyprus. The average values for pH, fat, protein and lactose were 7.14, 0.52 g/100 mL, 1.22 g/100 mL and 7.01 g/100 mL, respectively, whereas aflatoxin M1 and beta‐lactam residues were not detected in any sample. The microbiological analysis revealed very low somatic cell counts and total microbial counts, while Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Listeria monocytogenes were not detected in any sample. The sensory evaluation classified the milk as white, thin, with a slightly sweet pleasant taste, pleasant milky aroma, sweet flavour and no persistent aftertaste.
Production of bacteriocin‐like inhibitory substances (BLIS) by Bifidobacterium lactis using whey as a substrate
Authors: Balciunas Eduardo Marcos , Al Arni Saleh , Converti Attilio , Leblanc Jean Guy , Oliveira Ricardo Pinheiro de Souza 
Published: August 2015

The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of bacteriocin‐like inhibitory substances (BLIS) by Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis in whey supplemented with yeast extract, inulin, Tween‐80 or l‐cysteine. Cell growth, acidification, glucose and lactose consumption as well as BLIS production were measured during fermentations carried out in shake flasks. The best additive for both cell growth and BLIS production was shown to be yeast extract, which gave the highest concentrations of biomass (9.9 log cfu/mL) and BLIS (800 AU/mL). In a bench‐scale fermentor, B. lactis growth and BLIS production were between 6% and 25% higher than in flasks depending on the conditions assayed.
Scavenger Species‐typical Alteration to Bone: Using Bite Mark Dimensions to Identify Scavengers
Authors: Young Alexandria , Stillman Richard , Smith Martin J. , Korstjens Amanda H. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractScavenger‐induced alteration to bone occurs while scavengers access soft tissue and during the scattering and re‐scavenging of skeletal remains. Using bite mark, dimensional data to assist in the more accurate identification of a scavenger can improve interpretations of trauma and enhance search and recovery methods. This study analyzed bite marks produced on both dry and fresh surface deposited remains by wild and captive red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and Eurasian badger (Meles meles), as well as domestic dog (Canis familiaris). The bite marks produced by foxes were distinguishable from those made by badgers and dogs based on ranges of mean length and breadth of pits. The dimensional data of bite marks produced by badgers and dogs were less discernible. Bone modifications vary due to a variety of factors which must be considered, such as scavenger species‐typical scavenging behavior, scavenger species' dentition, condition and deposition of remains, and environmental factors.
Describing Quality and Sensory Attributes of 3 Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cultivars at 3 Ripeness Stages Based on Firmness
Authors: Nassur Rita de Cássia Mirela Resende , González‐Moscoso Sara , Crisosto Gayle M. , Lima Luiz Carlos de Oliveira , Vilas Boas Eduardo Valério de Barros , Crisosto Carlos H. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTo determine the ideal ripening stage for consumption of the mango cultivars, “Ataulfo,” “Haden,” and “Tommy Atkins”; fruits at 3 flesh firmness levels (ripeness stages) were evaluated by a trained panel using descriptive analysis after instrumental measurements were made. After harvest, all fruits were ripened to allow softening and quality and sensory attribute changes. Ripening changes during softening of Ataulfo mangos were expressed by a characteristic increase in the perception of “tropical fruit” and “peach” aromas, an increase in “juiciness,” “sweetness,” and “tropical fruit” flavor, while “fibrousness,” “chewiness,” and “sourness” decreased. Similar desirable sensory changes were also detected during softening of Haden mangos; an increase in tropical fruit and peach aromas, sweetness and tropical fruit flavor, and a decrease in chewiness, sourness, and bitterness. Softening of Tommy Atkins mangos was followed by reduced chewiness and sourness and increased peach aroma. Softening of all cultivars was followed by decreased sourness and titratable acidity (TA) and increased soluble solids concentration (SSC) and SSC:TA ratio. The results indicate that mango ripening leads to increased expression of sensory attributes such as tropical fruit and peach aromas, tropical flavor, and sweetness that have been related to improved eating quality and these final changes in sensory quality attributes are specific for each cultivar. For example, Ataulfo and Haden mangos had greater improvement in quality and sensory attributes related to fruit eating quality during ripening‐softening than Tommy Atkins. In our consumer test, these quality‐sensory attributes expressed during ripening that were perceived by the trained panel were also validated, supporting the need for a controlled ripening protocol in mangos.
Symptom characteristics of depressive episodes prior to the onset of mania or hypomania
Authors: Pfennig A. , Ritter P. S. , Höfler M. , Lieb R. , Bauer M. , Wittchen H.‐U. , Beesdo‐Baum K. 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveDepressive episodes are typically the initial presentation of bipolar disorder. The evidence as to whether depressive episodes occurring in persons who later convert to bipolar disorder are symptomatically distinct from episodes of unipolar depression remains controversial. As there are crucial differences in the therapeutic management, symptom profiles indicating subsequent bipolar conversion may aid in appropriate treatment.MethodA representative community sample of originally N = 3021 adolescents and young adults aged 14–24 years at baseline was assessed up to four times over 10 years. Assessment of symptoms was conducted by clinically trained interviewers using the standardized M‐CIDI. Symptom profiles of depressive episodes were compared via logistic regression between subjects that subsequently developed (hypo‐)manic episodes (n = 35) or remained unipolar depressive (n = 659).ResultsInitial depression amongst prospective converters was characterized by significantly increased suicidality (odds ratio, OR = 2.31), higher rates of feelings of worthlessness and excessive guilt (OR = 2.52), complete loss of pleasure (OR = 2.53) and diurnal variation (OR = 4.30). No differences were found for hyperphagia, hypersomnia and psychomotor alterations.ConclusionFindings suggest that the symptom profile of initial depressive episodes may be useful in the identification of subjects with an elevated risk for the subsequent conversion to bipolar disorder.