bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical characterization of mine goafs using high-resolution seismic cross-hole tomography via an adjoint method
Authors: Cui Zhongxiong , Peng Dingmao , Liu Yuzhu , Zheng Ru , Lou Kaifeng , Yang Kunping , Hao Xiaohan , Zhou Zhijun 
Published: August 2024

Mine goafs often cause severe ground settlement and collapse, posing significant endangers to the safety of buildings and engineering constructions. Quantitatively detecting the spatial distribution and physical characteristics of goafs has always been challenging. To evaluate the potential threat of a fluorite mine goaf on a proposed expressway, we inverted cross-hole dataset to image the P-wave velocities between boreholes using a newly developed Eikonal equation based adjoint-state traveltime tomography method (ATTOMO). Independent comprehensive geophysical prospecting, including core analysis, borehole optical televiewer imaging and ultrasonic wave logging, indicates that our tomographic results at the central section could discern anomalies on a scale of 1 m or even smaller and detects velocity variations at a scale of 100–200 m/s. Our results show that the mine goaf is distributed in a northeastward trend with a width of 20–30 m, consistent with the exploiting features of the fluorite mine. The goaf is located approximately 20 m away from the bridge site, where only a small-scale goaf tunnel with dimensions of [Formula: see text] m was found at depths of 18–19.5 m. Our results suggest that the safety of the proposed expressway would not be significantly affected by the goaf, and thus no design changes are required.
Comment on “Optical solitons for 2D-NLSE in multimode fiber with Kerr nonlinearity and its modulation instability”
Authors: Kengne Emmanuel 
Published: August 2024

Most recently, Baber et al. (Optical solitons for 2D-NLSE in multimode fiber with Kerr nonlinearity and its modulation instability, Mod. Phys. Lett. B (2024) 2450341, doi:10.1142/S021798492450341X2450341-1) claimed to have obtained exact solutions of a two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with an instantaneous Kerr nonlinearity that governs beam movement within a multimode optical fiber featuring a parabolic index shape, using the Jacobi Elliptic Function Expansion. Additionally, they have analyzed the modulation instability for the underlying model. It is the aim of this comment to point out that all results found in that work and published in the journal Mod. Phys. Lett. B (doi:10.1142/S021798492450341X2450341-1) are all erroneous, from the exact solutions of the considered equation to the modulation instability of the underlying model.
Cluster Analysis of the Recent Interdecadal Variation in the Tripole Landfall Pattern of Tropical Cyclones in East Asia
Authors: Tang Yulian , Huangfu Jingliang , Huang Ronghui , Chen Wen , Lan Xiaoqing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Along the East Asian coast, the interdecadal variation in tropical cyclone (TC) landfall activities in the early 2010s shows a tripole change pattern characterized by significantly increased (decreased) TC landfalls to the north of 30°N and to the south of 20°N (between 20° and 30°N). The increased TC landfalls in the East Asian subregion north to 30°N mean greater TC damage in the most populous regions, including southeastern China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan, since the early 2010s. The present work uses an objective clustering technique to analyze the internal dynamical causes of this interdecadal variation. The increased TC landfall activities in the East Asian subregion north of 30°N are attributed to the increase in TCs with a northwestward-moving track (cluster defined as C1), whereas the increased TC landfall activities to the south of 20°N and the decrease between 20° and 30°N are mainly due to the southward shift of TCs with a westward-moving track (cluster defined as C2). This work focuses on different TC track groups (C1 and C2) based on daily data, showing that the interdecadal changes in the synoptic-scale monsoon trough and subtropical high provide important environment for different groups of TCs. The ascending phase of the PDO with significant warming over the central Pacific favors the interdecadal tripole changes in TC landfalls.
The Impact of Traditional Children’s Games on Internet Use, Social Skills, and Stress Level: A Cross-Sectional Design
Authors: Ayaz-Alkaya Sultan , Akca Ayşegül 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Traditional games are essential for children’s social inclusion due to cultural values and beliefs. This study was conducted to measure the impact of traditional children’s games on internet use, social skills, and stress levels. Methods: A cross-sectional design was carried out. Children who had parental approval and agreed to participate were included in the study ( n = 314). The data were collected using a questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (8–11 years), and the Social Skills Assessment Scale. Linear regression and multinomial logistic regression were performed to analyze the data. Mantel–Haenszel chi-square test was performed to assess the confounding factors for playing traditional games. Results: The children’s mean age was 11.58 ( SD = 0.49), and 56.1% were girls. Children who did not play traditional games were more likely to use the internet than those who played traditional games (odds ratio [OR] = 2.16, p = .014). The social skills were significantly associated with daily internet use time (β = 0.164, p = .003), playing traditional games (β = 0.155, p = .008), and frequency of gaming per week (β = 0.123, p = .035). The stress levels were associated with gender (β = 0.120, p = .033) and academic level (β = 0.111, p = .048). Discussion: Traditional game playing reduced the duration of one sitting and daily internet use. Moreover, outdoor gaming, frequency of playing games, and daily internet use duration were predictors of social skills, whereas being a girl and sixth-grade student were predisposing factors of stress level. Nurses could benefit from traditional games in reducing internet use and stress and improving social skills in children.
Effectiveness and Feasibility of Home-Based Palliative Care Interventions for Geriatric Oncology Patients: A Systematic Review Using Narrative Synthesis
Authors: Vlachopoulos Nikolaos , Kontogiannis Georgios , Papageorgiou Dimitra Iosifina , Symvoulakis Emmanouil , Haidich Anna-Bettina , Smyrnakis Emmanouil 
Published: August 2024

Background Due to an urgent need to develop palliative care services for geriatric patients with advanced cancer, an overview of available information regarding home-based palliative care interventions would be valuable. Aim To summarize current literature for interventions targeted to homebound, older patients with incurable cancer, and investigate whether these patients can be benefited from home-based palliative care and achieve improved outcomes. Design A search strategy consisting of terms related to home care, palliation, oncology, and geriatrics was employed. A protocol following PRISMA guidelines was prospectively uploaded at PROSPERO (ID = CRD42023404675). Data sources Pubmed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), ClinicalTrials.gov , and Epistemonikos.org databases were searched from inception until the present day. Eligibility criteria were selected based on the research question, the population of interest, and the research design. The Risk of Bias Assessment Tool version 2 (RoB-2) was used to appraise study quality. Results A total of 10 articles including 871 patients (out of 1236 titles and 141 fully-reviewed texts) were selected. Four studies assessed exercise interventions, two evaluated multi-component home-care models, two focused on supervision services, and two had nutrition and activity components. Eight studies reported improved outcomes in either specified or mixed cancer geriatric populations. Conclusions There is a scarcity of clinical trials regarding home-based palliative care for geriatric oncology patients, resulting in poor information and a lack of evidence. At-home interventions seem feasible and have a positive effect on pain management and functional status, but more high-quality studies are required.
CXCL5 Promotes the Malignant Phenotype of Pancreatic Cancer and Is Associated With Immune Infiltration
Authors: Wang Tao , Sheng Jian , Wang Xiaoguang , Zhu Minyuan , Li Shijun , Shen Yiyu , Wu Bin 
Published: August 2024

Background: The significance of CXCL5 in pancreatic cancer is unclear, although it has been implicated in the malignant process of many different types of cancer. Research on the impact of CXCL5 on immune cell infiltration and the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer is needed. This study aimed to examine the connection between CXCL5 expression and immune cell infiltration and the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer. Methods: Tissue samples and clinical information were collected from 90 patients with pancreatic cancer. Tumour tissues and adjacent tissues were made into a tissue microarray and stained for immunohistochemistry analysis. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis were performed to measure the expression level of CXCL5. CXCL5-overexpressing/CXCL5-knockdown cell lines were constructed via transfection for cytological experiments. CCK-8, cell apoptosis, cell cycle, cell invasion, and cell colony formation assays were used to detect the effect of CXCL5 on the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells. Finally, a mouse model of pancreatic cancer was constructed for in vivo verification. Results: Compared with control cells, pancreatic cancer cells overexpressing CXCL5 exhibited increased proliferation, migration, and invasion but decreased apoptosis. Conversely, knockdown of CXCL5 did not enhance the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant negative correlation between CXCL5 levels and the CD8 IRS. However, there was a significant positive correlation between FOXP3 IRS and CXCL5 levels. Conclusions: CXCL5 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer and promotes the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells. CXCL5 is associated with immunosuppressive FOXP3 + T-cell infiltration, which facilitates the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment (with low CD8 + T-cell infiltration).
Higher tumor mutational burden and PD-L1 expression correlate with shorter survival in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Jeong Ah-Reum , Trando Aaron H. , Thomas Sean D. , Riviere Paul , Sakowski Patrick J. , Sokol Ethan S. , Goodman Aaron M. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: August 2024

Background: The prognostic implications of tumor mutational burden (TMB) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression are poorly studied in hematologic malignancies. Objectives: This study aimed to better understand the characteristics and prognostic value of TMB and PD-1/PD-L1 in hematologic malignancies. Design: This real-world study was conducted among patients with hematologic malignancies who had next-generation sequencing (NGS) (Foundation Medicine) at the University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center (2014–2018). Methods: TMB was measured by NGS. PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score, TPS) was measured by immunohistochemistry (classified as high (⩾50%), low (1–49%), and negative (<1%)). Data was curated from the electronic medical records. Results: In 388 evaluable patients, the most common diagnoses were B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (35%) and Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative disorders (16%). Median TMB was 1.6 mutations/Mb (range, 0–46.83). Forty-eight patients (12%) had TMB ⩾10 mutations/Mb, 90% of which were B-cell or T-cell NHL. In 85 samples with available PD-L1 scores, 11 were high; 26, low; and 48, no tumor cell expression. PD-L1 TPS positive (⩾1%) was most common in T-cell NHL (7/9 (77%) cases) followed by B-cell NHL (21/51 (41%) cases). TMB ⩾4 mutations/Mb and PD-L1 score ⩾1% were significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) from diagnosis, with hazard ratio (HR) = 1.46 ( p = 0.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–2.03) and HR = 2.11 ( p = 0.04, 95% CI 1.04–4.30), respectively; the relationship was more pronounced when PD-L1 ⩾50% versus <50% was used (HR = 2.80, p = 0.02, 95% CI 1.19–6.59). Higher TMB and higher PD-L1 positivity correlation were significant but weak (Pearson correlation coefficient R2 = 0.04, p = 0.04). Conclusion: TMB ⩾4 mutations/Mb and positive PD-L1 TPS are poor prognostic factors, correlating with shorter OS across hematologic malignancies. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02478931.
Digital health tools in nephrology: A comparative analysis of AI and professional opinions via online polls
Authors: Pham Justin H , Thongprayoon Charat , Suppadungsuk Supawadee , Miao Jing , Craici Iasmina M , Cheungpasitporn Wisit 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundProfessional opinion polling has become a popular means of seeking advice for complex nephrology questions in the #AskRenal community on X. ChatGPT is a large language model with remarkable problem-solving capabilities, but its ability to provide solutions for real-world clinical scenarios remains unproven. This study seeks to evaluate how closely ChatGPT's responses align with current prevailing medical opinions in nephrology.MethodsNephrology polls from X were submitted to ChatGPT-4, which generated answers without prior knowledge of the poll outcomes. Its responses were compared to the poll results (inter-rater) and a second set of responses given after a one-week interval (intra-rater) using Cohen's kappa statistic (κ). Subgroup analysis was performed based on question subject matter.ResultsOur analysis comprised two rounds of testing ChatGPT on 271 nephrology-related questions. In the first round, ChatGPT's responses agreed with poll results for 163 of the 271 questions (60.2%; κ = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.38–0.46). In the second round, conducted to assess reproducibility, agreement improved slightly to 171 out of 271 questions (63.1%; κ = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.42–0.50). Comparison of ChatGPT's responses between the two rounds demonstrated high internal consistency, with agreement in 245 out of 271 responses (90.4%; κ = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.82–0.90). Subgroup analysis revealed stronger performance in the combined areas of homeostasis, nephrolithiasis, and pharmacology (κ = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.47–0.59 in both rounds), compared to other nephrology subfields.ConclusionChatGPT-4 demonstrates modest capability in replicating prevailing professional opinion in nephrology polls overall, with varying performance levels between question topics and excellent internal consistency. This study provides insights into the potential and limitations of using ChatGPT in medical decision making.
Short Mindfulness Meditations During Breaks and After Work in Everyday Nursing Care: A Simple Strategy for Promoting Daily Recovery, Mood, and Attention?
Authors: Riedl Elisabeth M. , Perzl Johanna , Wimmer Kathrin , Surzykiewicz Janusz , Thomas Joachim 
Published: August 2024

Background Nurses experience high job demands, which makes recovery particularly necessary to maintain well-being and performance. However, these demands also make recovery challenging. Short mindfulness meditations could potentially help alleviate this paradox. Methods Two ecological momentary intervention studies were conducted among geriatric nurses (Study 1: break study) and hospital nurses (Study 2: after-work study) to investigate whether short audio-guided mindfulness meditations are beneficial for recovery during breaks and psychological detachment after work. Furthermore, break recovery and after-work detachment were examined as mediators of the associations between mindfulness meditations and after-break/after-sleep mood and attention after respective recovery periods. Multilevel path models were based on a sample of 38 nurses and 208 after-break surveys in the break study and 26 nurses and 192 after-sleep surveys in the after-work study. Results Compared to breaks spent as usual, breaks that incorporated short mindfulness meditations were associated with higher break recovery, which mediated the positive associations between mindful breaks and after-break calmness, valence, and energetic arousal. Only with certain constraints did mindfulness meditations predict a lower rate of attention failures. In the after-work study, short mindfulness meditations were positively related to psychological detachment, which mediated the positive associations between the intervention and after-sleep valence and calmness. Conclusion/Application to Practice Both pilot studies showed that short mindfulness meditations aid in recovery among nurses. However, to fully utilize the advantages of recovery-promoting breaks, structural changes are necessary to ensure that breaks of an appropriate duration are consistently implemented.
The Statistical Fragility of Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis Research: A Systematic Review
Authors: Byrne Rory , Ahn Benjamin , Zhao Leon , Quinn Matthew , Naphade Om , Owens Brett D. 
Published: August 2024

Background: A P value of <.05 is often used to denote statistical significance; however, in many scenarios, this threshold is vulnerable to a small number of outcome reversals. This study joins a body of studies within the orthopaedic literature that evaluate the statistical fragility of existing research via metrics such as fragility index (FI) and fragility quotient (FQ). Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to investigate the statistical fragility of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative studies on the topic, given the resurgent interest in lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) to augment primary or revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). It was hypothesized that the outcomes reported in these studies would be statistically fragile. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Comparative studies and RCTs regarding LET as an adjunct procedure to ACLR published between 2000 and 2022 were analyzed. Descriptive characteristics, dichotomous outcomes, and continuous outcomes were extracted. The FI and continuous FI (CFI) were calculated by the number of event reversals to change significance; the FQ and continuous FQ (CFQ) were calculated to normalize the fragility metrics per sample size. Results: Of 455 studies screened, 29 studies were included (9 RCTs, 20 comparative); 79.3% of included studies were published after 2020. A total of 48 dichotomous and 265 continuous outcomes were analyzed. The median FI was 9.0 (IQR, 7.0-13.3), with FQ of 0.1 (IQR, 0.04-0.17); the median CFI was 7.8 (IQR, 4.2-19.6), with CFQ of 0.12 (IQR, 0.08-0.19). The FQ and CFQ for studies on LET with revision ACLR were larger (0.117 and 0.113, respectively) than those focused on primary ACLR (0.042 and 0.095, respectively). Conclusion: Studies focused on LET with primary ACLR were more fragile than those on LET with revision, which suggests that further research on the indications for LET with primary ACLR is necessary. Future orthopaedic comparative research should include fragility metrics alongside traditional P values.
A Retrospective Cohort Analysis Comparing Analytic and Holistic Marking Rubrics in Medical Research Education
Authors: Yeo Siew Wan , Signorelli Christina , Vo Khanh , Smith Greg 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVES The use of analytic rubrics in assessing and grading students’ performance has become more prominent among instructors due to its reliability and validity in ensuring consistency in student evaluation. However, there is limited evidence demonstrating the consistency of examiner judgments between analytic marking rubrics and holistic marking rubrics. METHODS Therefore, we aimed to compare the consistency of marks given using holistic marking methods and analytic rubrics at an Australian university by analyzing the mean mark differences and number of adjudications between two rubric types as well as the inter-rater reliability between two assessors. We analyzed all scores for project manuscripts between 2016 and 2021 for Honours medical students. We compared the mean mark differences graded using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Welch t-test. We used chi-squared tests to compare the frequency of adjudications for each rubric type. We assessed interrater reliability by comparing the marks between the two examiners utilizing Pearson correlation. RESULTS We found that analytic rubrics have lower mean mark differences and fewer adjudicators are required. We showed a strong positive association between the consistency of marks given and the use of analytic rubrics when compared to holistic marking. Pearson correlation showed a low but stronger correlation between marks awarded by the two assessors when analytic rubrics were used ( r = 0.36), compared to holistic marking rubrics ( r = 0.24). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the use of analytic rubrics may increase the consistency and reliability between two independent examiners in marking medical students’ work.
Is language impaired in Spanish-speaking children with autism spectrum disorder level 1?
Authors: Sánchez Pedroche Alberto , Valera-Pozo Mario , Mateus Moreno Angelica , Lara Díaz Maria Fernanda , Aguilar-Mediavilla Eva , Adrover-Roig Daniel 
Published: August 2024

The current diagnostic criteria for the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) include the possibility to specify concomitant language difficulties. Purpose Our main aim was to explore whether children with ASD-Level 1 (ASD-L1) present difficulties in the acquisition of structural language, as little work has been done in this regard so far. As a secondary aim we evaluated the degree to which the potential language impairment in ASD is directly associated with their social communication deficits or it represents a distinct deficit. Methods To further clarify the nature and characteristics of putative language difficulties in ASD-L1, we evaluated language skills in 89 children and preadolescents diagnosed with ASD-L1, and a group of typically developing participants (TD). All of them were between 8 and 13 years old and had similar socioeconomic backgrounds. Results Children with ASD-L1 obtained lower scores than those in TD group in repeating sentences, in finding the semantic relationships between words, and in applying word structure rules (morphology). Congruently, the core language standard score was lower in the ASD-L1 group, and the proportion of language delay was significantly higher in the ASD-L1 group than in the control group. Conclusion Language scores were associated with autistic traits; thus, language performance in ASD-L1 is closely related to autistic symptoms. These results are discussed according to the literature on linguistic deficits in ASD-L1 and their relations with phonological working memory.