bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field performance of transgenic sugarcane produced using Agrobacterium and biolistics methods
Authors: Joyce Priya , Hermann Scott , O'Connell Anthony , Dinh Quang , Shumbe Leonard , Lakshmanan Prakash 
Published: December 2013

SummaryFuture genetic improvement of sugarcane depends, in part, on the ability to produce high‐yielding transgenic cultivars with improved traits such as herbicide and insect resistance. Here, transgenic sugarcane plants generated by different transformation methods were assessed for field performance over 3 years. Agrobacterium‐mediated (Agro) transgenic events (35) were produced using four different Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, while biolistic (Biol) transgenic events (48) were produced using either minimal linearized DNA (LDNA) transgene cassettes with 5′, 3′ or blunt ends or whole circular plasmid (PDNA) vectors containing the same transgenes. A combined analysis showed a reduction in growth and cane yield in Biol, Agro as well as untransformed tissue culture (TC) events, compared with the parent clone (PC) Q117 (no transformation or tissue culture) in the plant, first ratoon and second ratoon crops. However, when individual events were analysed separately, yields of some transgenic events from both Agro and Biol were comparable to PC, suggesting that either transformation method can produce commercially suitable clones. Interestingly, a greater percentage of Biol transformants were similar to PC for growth and yield than Agro clones. Crop ratoonability and sugar yield components (Brix%, Pol%, and commercial cane sugar (CCS)) were unaffected by transformation or tissue culture. Transgene expression remained stable over different crop cycles and increased with plant maturity. Transgene copy number did not influence transgene expression, and both transformation methods produced low transgene copy number events. No consistent pattern of genetic changes was detected in the test population using three DNA fingerprinting techniques.
Effects of divergent selection for seed protein content in high‐protein vs. food‐grade populations of early maturity soybean
Authors: Sato Takashi , Van Schoote Melanie , Wagentristl Helmut , Vollmann Johann 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDue to the growing need for vegetable protein in Central European agriculture, there is interest in producing food‐grade soybeans, which are higher in seed protein and sucrose content and have a larger seed size than conventional soybeans. As protein content of conventional soybean is often below 400 g/kg, either high‐protein or food‐grade donors were crossed with adapted genotypes in order to increase their protein level. After divergent selection for protein content, lines were evaluated for seed quality characters across three environments in Austria. The objectives of this research were to determine the roles of genetic background and the selection for protein content on food‐grade soybean traits. While seed protein content of adapted parents was between 395 and 420 g/kg, its range was from 410 to 490 g/kg for the high‐protein and from 390 to 450 g/kg for the food‐grade lines, respectively. However, food‐grade populations were superior in seed size and sucrose content and revealed different correlation patterns between quality traits as compared to high‐protein populations, which demonstrates their usefulness for developing soybeans with improved quality.
Skin Disorders Associated with Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Mirmirani Paradi , Carpenter Diane M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObesity in children is a major public health concern in the United States. The objectives of the current study were to determine the prevalence of various groups of cutaneous disorders in obese children and adolescents and to compare the use of dermatology services in obese subjects with that those with a normal body mass index (BMI). This was a retrospective, population‐based study at the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Managed Healthcare System. The main outcome measures were the relative risk of cutaneous disorders associated with insulin resistance, androgen excess, bacterial infection, fungal infection, viral infection, inflammation, mechanical changes, and other skin conditions (hidradenitis, hyperhidrosis) in three weight groups (normal, overweight, obese) and the number of dermatology visits. A total of 248,775 subjects were included. Bivariate analyses showed a higher proportion of insulin resistance disorders, bacterial infection, fungal infection, inflammatory disorders, mechanical changes, and other skin conditions in obese subjects than in subjects with a normal BMI (p < 0.001). Disorders of androgen excess and viral infection were significantly less common in obese subjects (p < 0.001). Obese subjects had significantly lower odds of having at least one dermatology encounter than subjects with a normal BMI (odds ratio = 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.88, 0.96, p = 0.003). Early onset obesity is associated with cutaneous disorders characterized by hyperproliferation, inflammation, bacterial and fungal infection, and mechanical changes but lower rates of disorders of androgen excess and viral infection. The use of dermatology services was not greater in obese patients. Heightened recognition and further analysis of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ that is capable of affecting the skin is warranted.
Hemolytic uremic syndrome related to cryptosporidium infection in an immunocompetent child
Authors: Printza Nikoleta , Sapountzi Evdoxia , Dotis John , Papachristou Fotios 
Published: December 2013

AbstractHemolytic‐uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by the clinical and laboratory manifestations of acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. In children, the majority of cases occur after an infectious diarrhea mainly associated with the serotype Escherichia coli O157:H7. We present a case of a 5‐year‐old boy with post‐diarrhea HUS due to cryptosporidium. The child remained on peritoneal dialysis for 24 days. However, he had a full recovery of his renal function and 6 months later, his overall condition was still very good. This is a particularly interesting case, not only due to the exceptionally rare cause of HUS, that is, the cryptosporidium, but also because of the serious gastroenteritis caused by the cryptosporidium in an immunocompetent child. It seems that in cases of post‐diarrhea HUS, apart from E. coli O157:H7, even the rarest causes of gastroenteritis should be investigated.
Iron and Infection in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Ishida Julie H. , Johansen Kirsten L. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIntravenous iron is an important component of the treatment of anemia of end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), but it is biologically plausible that iron could increase the risk of infection through impairment of neutrophil and T‐cell function and promotion of microbial growth. Any such increase in risk would be particularly important because infection is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in dialysis patients. The overall evidence favors an association between iron and infection in hemodialysis patients, but the optimal iron management strategy to minimize infection risk has yet to be identified. There is a need for further research on this topic, particularly in light of increased utilization of intravenous iron following implementation of the bundledESRDreimbursement system.
Sulfate availability affects ABA levels and germination response to ABA and salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Cao Min‐Jie , Wang Zhen , Zhao Qing , Mao Jie‐Li , Speiser Anna , Wirtz Markus , Hell Rüdiger , Zhu Jian‐Kang , Xiang Cheng‐Bin 
Published: December 2013

SummarySulfur‐containing compounds play a critical role in the response of plants to abiotic stress factors including drought. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is the key regulator of responses to drought and high‐salt stress. However, our knowledge about interaction of S‐metabolism and ABA biosynthesis is scarce. Here we report that sulfate supply affects synthesis and steady‐state levels of ABA in Arabidopsis wild‐type seedlings. By using different mutants of the sulfate uptake and reduction pathway, we confirmed the impact of sulfate supply on steady‐state ABA content in Arabidopsis and demonstrated that this impact was due to cysteine availability. Loss of the chloroplast sulfate transporter3;1 function (sultr3;1) resulted in significantly decreased aldehyde oxidase (AO) activity and ABA levels in seedlings and seeds. These mutant phenotypes could be reverted by exogenous application of cysteine or ectopic expression of SULTR3;1. In addition the sultr3;1 mutant showed a decrease of xanthine dehydrogenase activity, but not of nitrate reductase, strongly indicating that in seedlings cysteine availability limits activity of the molybdenum co‐factor sulfurase, ABA3, which requires cysteine as the S‐donor for sulfuration. Transcription of ABA3 and NCED3, encoding another key enzyme of the ABA biosynthesis pathway, was regulated by S‐supply in wild‐type seedlings. In contrast, ABA up‐regulated the transcript level of SULTR3;1 and other S‐metabolism‐related genes. Our results provide evidence for a significant co‐regulation of S‐metabolism and ABA biosynthesis that operates to ensure sufficient cysteine for AO maturation and highlights the importance of sulfur for stress tolerance of plants.
Trafficking of the myrosinase‐associated proteinGLL23 requiresNUC/MVP1/GOLD36/ERMO3 and the p24 proteinCYB
Authors: Jancowski Sylwia , Catching Amanda , Pighin Jamie , Kudo Takamasa , Foissner Ilse , Wasteneys Geoffrey O. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryProteins detrimental to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) morphology need to be efficiently exported. Here, we identify two mechanisms that control trafficking ofArabidopsis thalianaGLL23, a 43 kDaGDSL‐like lipase implicated in glucosinolate metabolism through its association with the β‐glucosidase myrosinase. Using immunofluorescence, we identified two mutants that showed aberrant accumulation ofGLL23: large perinuclearERaggregates in thenuclear cage(nuc) mutant; and small compartments contiguous with the peripheral ER in thecytoplasmic bodies(cyb) mutant. Live imaging of fluorescently tagged GLL23 confirmed its presence in thenucandcybcompartments, but lack of fluorescent signals in the wild‐type plants suggested thatGLL23 is normally post‐translationally modified forERexport.NUCencodes theMVP1/GOLD36/ERMO3 myrosinase‐associated protein, previously shown to have vacuolar distribution.CYBis anERandGolgi‐localized p24 typeImembrane protein component of coat protein complex (COP) vesicles, animal and yeast homologues of which are known to be involved in selective cargo sorting forER–Golgi export. WithoutNUC,GLL23 accumulates in theERthis situation suggests thatNUCis in fact active in theER. WithoutCYB, bothGLL23 andNUCwere found to accumulate incybcompartments, consistent with a role forNUCinGLL23 processing and indicated thatGLL23 is the likely sorting target of theCYBp24 protein.
Detection of endogenous cortisol in equine tears and blood at rest and after simulated stress
Authors: Monk Caroline S. , Hart Kelsey A. , Berghaus Roy D. , Norton Natalie A. , Moore Phillip A. , Myrna Kathern E. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether cortisol is present in equine tears at rest and during simulated stress and compare tear cortisol to serum free and total cortisol.Materials and methodsFourteen healthy adult horses were included. Paired tear total cortisol and serum total and free cortisol concentrations were measured with ELISA, chemiluminescent immunoassay, and ultrafiltration methodology, respectively, in 10 horses at rest once daily for five consecutive days. In an additional four horses, paired tear and serum samples were collected for cortisol measurement before and after adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation (cosyntropin, 1 μg/kg IV).ResultsCortisol was detectable in equine tears at rest. Following ACTH stimulation, tear cortisol increased significantly from baseline at 60–120 min (P ≤ 0.001). Serum total and free cortisol also increased significantly at 30–180 min after ACTH stimulation (P ≤ 0.001). Both serum and tear cortisol returned to baseline concentrations by 360 min. Changes in tear cortisol were similarly associated with changes in serum total and free cortisol, although high tear cortisol concentrations suggest a portion of tear cortisol may be protein‐bound.DiscussionCortisol is present in equine tears and increases in concert with serum cortisol following ACTH stimulation. Further study is needed to determine whether endogenous cortisol in tears contributes to ocular pathology.
Assessment of the ability of the Privigen® purification process to deplete thrombogenic factor XIa from plasma
Authors: Komenda M. , Stadler D. , Malinas T. , Moses M. , Pragst I. , Herzog E. , Schmutz P. , Minnig K. , El Menyawi I. 
Published: December 2013

Background and objectivesActivated clotting factor FXI (FXIa) has been postulated to play a significant role in thromboembolic events potentially associated with the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that thrombogenic agents, in particular FXIa and FXI, are depleted or inactivated in Privigen®.Materials and methodsThe ability of the purification process to deplete FXIa from plasma was studied. All steps of the Privigen® production were investigated for potential activation of FXI to FXIa with spiking experiments.ResultsPrivigen® contains no procoagulant activity as determined by FXIa chromogenic assay, non‐activated partial thromboplastin time (NaPTT) and thrombin generation assays (TGA, FXIa‐like activity). The coagulation times were >200 s in the NaPTT test. FXIa was below the detection limit of 0·14 ng/ml (chromogenic assay) and below the quantification limit of 0·2 ng/ml (TGA). FXIa spiking experiments showed that the analytical methods used can detect traces of procoagulant activity in immunoglobulin samples. FXIa spiking and kinetic experiments during the octanoic acid fractionation step showed that a substantial reduction in FXIa specific activity (by ≥99·9% within 40 min of octanoic acid incubation) was reached already at an early stage of the manufacturing process. These results were confirmed in vivo: in a modified Wessler test, no thrombus was reported.ConclusionThe Privigen® manufacturing process has the capability to remove thrombogenic factors: octanoic acid precipitation, designed to remove a variety of contaminants during immunoglobulin purification, also removes almost all FXIa from plasma and further purification steps do not activate FXI.
Phase III Clinical Trials Comparing the Immunogenicity and Safety of the Vero Cell-Derived Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Encevac with Those of Mouse Brain-Derived Vaccine by Using the Beijing-1 Strain
Authors: Miyazaki Chiaki , Okada Kenji , Ozaki Takao , Hirose Mizuo , Iribe Kaneshige , Yokote Hiroyuki , Ishikawa Yuji , Togashi Takehiro , Ueda Kohji 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThe immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated cell culture Japanese encephalitis vaccine (CC-JEV) were compared with those of an inactivated mouse brain-derived Japanese encephalitis vaccine (MB-JEV) in phase III clinical multicenter trials conducted in children. The vaccines contain the same Japanese encephalitis virus strain, the Beijing-1 strain. Two independent clinical trials (trials 1 and 2) were conducted. Trial 1 was conducted in 468 healthy children. Each subject was injected with 17 μg per dose of either CC-JEV or MB-JEV, and the immunogenicity and safety of the vaccines were investigated. Trial 1 showed that CC-JEV was more immunogenic and reactive than MB-JEV at the same dose. Therefore, to adjust the immunogenicity of CC-JEV to that of MB-JEV, a vaccine that has had a good track record regarding its efficacy for a long time, trial 2 was conducted in 484 healthy children. To improve the stability, CC-JEV was converted from a liquid type to a freeze-dried type of vaccine. Each subject was injected subcutaneously with either 4 μg per dose of CC-JEV, 8 μg per dose of CC-JEV, or 17 μg per dose of MB-JEV twice, at an interval of 2 to 4 weeks, followed by an additional booster immunization 1 to 15 months after the primary immunization. Based on the results of trial 2, 4 μg per dose of the freeze-dried CC-JEV (under the label Encevac) was selected as a substitute for the MB-JEV. Encevac was approved and launched in 2011 and has since been in use as a 2nd-generation Japanese encephalitis vaccine in Japan. (These studies have been registered at the JapicCTI under registration no. JapicCTI-132063 and JapicCTI-080586 for trials 1 and 2, respectively.)
Enveloped Virus-Like Particle Expression of Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B Antigen Induces Antibodies with Potent and Broad Neutralizing Activity
Authors: Kirchmeier Marc , Fluckiger Anne-Catherine , Soare Catalina , Bozic Jasminka , Ontsouka Barthelemy , Ahmed Tanvir , Diress Abebaw , Pereira Lenore , Schödel Florian , Plotkin Stanley , Dalba Charlotte , Klatzmann David , Anderson David E. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT
A prophylactic vaccine to prevent the congenital transmission of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in newborns and to reduce life-threatening disease in immunosuppressed recipients of HCMV-infected solid organ transplants is highly desirable. Neutralizing antibodies against HCMV confer significant protection against infection, and glycoprotein B (gB) is a major target of such neutralizing antibodies. However, one shortcoming of past HCMV vaccines may have been their failure to induce high-titer persistent neutralizing antibody responses that prevent the infection of epithelial cells. We used enveloped virus-like particles (eVLPs), in which particles were produced in cells after the expression of murine leukemia virus (MLV) viral matrix protein Gag, to express either full-length CMV gB (gB eVLPs) or the full extracellular domain of CMV gB fused with the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-G protein (gB-G eVLPs). gB-G-expressing eVLPs induced potent neutralizing antibodies in mice with a much greater propensity toward epithelial cell-neutralizing activity than that induced with soluble recombinant gB protein. An analysis of gB antibody binding titers and T-helper cell responses demonstrated that high neutralizing antibody titers were not simply due to enhanced immunogenicity of the gB-G eVLPs. The cells transiently transfected with gB-G but not gB plasmid formed syncytia, consistent with a prefusion gB conformation like those of infected cells and viral particles. Two of the five gB-G eVLP-induced monoclonal antibodies we examined in detail had neutralizing activities, one of which possessed particularly potent epithelial cell-neutralizing activity. These data differentiate gB-G eVLPs from gB antigens used in the past and support their use in a CMV vaccine candidate with improved neutralizing activity against epithelial cell infection.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Opportunistic Marine Pathogen Vibrio harveyi Strain E385
Authors: Yu Mingjia , Ren Chunhua , Qiu Jinrong , Luo Peng , Zhu Ruyi , Zhao Zhe , Hu Chaoqun 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Vibrio harveyi
strain E385 was isolated from a diseased cage-cultured grouper in Daya Bay, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed similarity with
V. harveyi
strain BAA-1116. We sequenced the pathogenic strain
V. harveyi
E385 and compared the genome with that of the nonpathogenic strain
V. harveyi
BAA-1116.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Escherichia
Phage Lw1, a New Member of the RB43 Group of Pseudo T-Even Bacteriophages
Authors: Kushkina Alla I. , Tovkach Fedor I. , Comeau André M. , Kostetskii Igor E. , Lisovski Igor , Ostapchuk Andriy M. , Voychuk Sergiy I. , Gorb Tetiana I. , Romaniuk Liudmyla V. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

RB43-related bacteriophages have a specific genome type that clearly distinguishes them from other T4-like viruses. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of a new virulent phage, Lw1, isolated as an
Escherichia coli
BL21(DE3) contaminant. Lw1 shares an RB43-like genome organization, but it does not contain putative AP2-domain endonuclease genes.
Complete Genome Sequence of Campylobacter fetus subsp.
testudinum
Strain 03-427
T
Authors: Gilbert Maarten J. , Miller William G. , Yee Emma , Blaser Martin J. , Wagenaar Jaap A. , Duim Birgitta 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Campylobacter fetus
subsp.
testudinum
has been isolated from reptiles and humans. This
Campylobacter
subspecies is genetically distinct from other
C. fetus
subspecies. Here, we present the first whole-genome sequence for this
C. fetus
subspecies.
Complete Genome Sequence of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strain A026, a Clinical Multidrug-Resistant Isolate Carrying Tn
2010
Authors: Sui Zhihai , Zhou Wenqing , Yao Kaihu , Liu Li , Zhang Gang , Yang Yonghong , Feng Jie 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus pneumoniae
is a primary cause of bacterial infection in humans. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of
S. pneumoniae
strain A026, which is a multidrug-resistant strain isolated from cerebrospinal fluid.
High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Xanthomonas alfalfae subsp.
alfalfae
Strain CFBP 3836
Authors: Jacques M. A. , Bolot S. , Charbit E. , Darrasse A. , Briand M. , Arlat M. , Gagnevin L. , Koebnik R. , Noël L. D. , Portier P. , Carrère S. , Boureau T. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

We report the high-quality draft genome sequence of
Xanthomonas alfalfae
subsp.
alfalfae
strain CFBP 3836, the causal agent of bacterial leaf and stem spot in lucerne (
Medicago sativa
). Comparative genomics will help to decipher the mechanisms provoking disease and triggering the defense responses of this pathogen of the model legume
Medicago truncatula
.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Serratia
sp. Strain ATCC 39006, a Model Bacterium for Analysis of the Biosynthesis and Regulation of Prodigiosin, a Carbapenem, and Gas Vesicles
Authors: Fineran Peter C. , Iglesias Cans Marina C. , Ramsay Joshua P. , Wilf Nabil M. , Cossyleon Desiree , McNeil Matthew B. , Williamson Neil R. , Monson Rita E. , Becher S. Anette , Stanton Jo-Ann L. , Brügger Kim , Brown Steven D. , Salmond George P. C. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Serratia
sp. strain ATCC 39006 is a Gram-negative bacterium and a member of the
Enterobacteriaceae
that produces various bioactive secondary metabolites, including the tripyrrole red pigment prodigiosin and the β-lactam antibiotic 1-carbapenen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid (a carbapenem). This strain is the only member of the
Enterobacteriaceae
known to naturally produce gas vesicles, as flotation organelles. Here we present the genome sequence of this strain, which has served as a model for analysis of the biosynthesis and regulation of antibiotic production.
Genome Sequence of a Thermophilic Bacillus, Geobacillus thermodenitrificans DSM465
Authors: Yao Nana , Ren Yi , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Geobacillus thermodenitrificans
NG80-2 encodes a LadA-mediated alkane degradation pathway, while
G. thermodenitrificans
DSM465 cannot utilize alkanes. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
G. thermodenitrificans
DSM465, which may help reveal the genomic differences between these two strains in regards to the biodegradation of alkanes.