bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of MRI in perianal fistulizing disease: diagnostic imaging and classification systems to monitor disease activity
Authors: Arkenbosch Jeanine H. C. , van Ruler Oddeke , de Vries Annemarie C. , van der Woude C. Janneke , Dwarkasing Roy S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Perianal fistulizing disease, commonly associated with Crohn’s disease, poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its complex anatomy and high recurrence rates. Radiological imaging plays a pivotal role in the accurate diagnosis, classification, and management of this condition. This article reviews the current radiological modalities employed in the evaluation of perianal fistulizing disease, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoanal ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT). MRI, recognized as the gold standard, offers superior soft tissue contrast and multiplanar capabilities, facilitating detailed assessment of fistula tracts and associated abscesses. CT, although less detailed than MRI, remains valuable in acute settings for detecting abscesses and guiding drainage procedures. This article discusses the advantages and limitations of each modality, highlights the importance of standardized imaging protocols, and underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration in the management of perianal fistulizing disease. Future directions include advancements in imaging techniques and the integration of artificial intelligence to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes.
Continuous exposure to doxorubicin induces stem cell-like characteristics and plasticity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells identified with the SORE6 reporter
Authors: Salinas-Jazmín Nohemí , Medina-Mondragón María Adriana , Jiménez-López Jeannie , Guerrero-Rodríguez Sandra Lucia , Cuautle-Rodríguez Patricia , Velasco-Velázquez Marco Antonio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) account for recurrence and resistance to breast cancer drugs, rendering them a cause of mortality and therapeutic failure. In this study, we examined the effects of exposure to low concentrations of doxorubicin (Dox) on CSCs and non-CSCs from TNBC.

Methods
The effects of Dox were studied using the SORE6 reporter system. We examined the enrichment of the CSCs population, as well as the proliferation, and death of the reporter-positive fraction (GFP + cells) by flow cytometry. The resistant and stemness phenotypes were analyzed by viability and mammosphere formation assay, respectively. We identified differentially expressed and coregulated genes by RNA-seq analysis, and the correlation between gene expression and clinical outcome was evaluated by Kaplan-Mayer analysis using public databases.

Results
In MDAMB231 and Hs578t cells, we identified enriched subsets in the CSCs population after continuous exposure to low concentrations of Dox. Cells from these enriched cultures showed resistance to toxic concentrations of Dox and increased efficiency of mammosphere formation. In purified GFP + or GFP- cells, Dox increased the mammosphere-forming efficiency, promoted phenotypic switches in non-CSCs populations to a CSC-like state, reduced proliferation, and induced differential gene expression. We identified several biological processes and molecular functions that partially explain the development of doxorubicin-resistant cells and cellular plasticity. Among the genes that were regulated by Dox exposure, the expression of ITGB1, SNAI1, NOTCH4, STAT5B, RAPGEF3, LAMA2, and GNAI1 was significantly associated with poor survival, the stemness phenotype, and chemoresistance.

Conclusion
The generation of chemoresistant cells that have characteristics of CSCs, after exposure to low concentrations of Dox, involves the differential expression of genes that have a clinical impact.
Update on the role of S100B in traumatic brain injury in pediatric population: a meta-analysis
Authors: Morello Alberto , Schiavetti Irene , Lo Bue Enrico , Portonero Irene , Colonna Stefano , Gatto Andrea , Pavanello Marco , Lanotte Michele Maria , Garbossa Diego , Cofano Fabio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
Cranial computed tomography (CT) scan is the most widely used tool to rule out intracranial lesions after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, in pediatric population, the radiation exposure can lead to an increased risk of hematological and brain neoplasm. Defined in 2019 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines as “troponins for the brain”, serum biomarkers measurements, particularly S100B, have progressively emerged as a supplementary tool in the management of TBI thanks to their capacity to predict intracranial post-traumatic lesions.

Methods
This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses). No chronological limits of study publications were included. Studies reporting data from children with TBI undergoing serum S100B measurement and computed tomography (CT) scans were included.

Results
Of 380 articles screened, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Patients admitted with mild-TBI in the Emergency Department (ED) were 1325 (80.25%). The overall pooled sensitivity and specificity were 98% (95% CI, 92–99%) and 45% (95% CI, 29–63%), respectively. The meta-analysis revealed a high negative predictive value (NVP) (99%; 95% CI, 94–100%) and a low positive predictive value (PPV) (41%; 95% CI, 16–79%). Area under the curve (AUC) was 76% (95% CI, 65–85%). The overall pooled negative predictive value (NPV) was 99% (95% CI, 99–100%).

Conclusions
The measurement of serum S100B in the diagnostic workflow of mTBI could help informed decision-making in the ED setting, potentially safely reducing the use of CT scan in the pediatric population. The high sensitivity and excellent negative predictive values look promising and seem to be close to the values found in adults. Despite this, it must be pointed out the high heterogeneity (> 90%) found among studies. In order for S100B to be regularly introduced in the pediatric workflow for TBI, it is important to conduct further studies to obtain cut-off levels based on pediatric reference intervals.
Simulating springtime extreme rainfall over Southern East Asia: unveiling the importance of synoptic-scale activities
Authors: Cao Dingrui , Tam Chi-Yung Francis , Xu Kang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of synoptic-scale activities on extreme precipitation during March–April–May (MAM) over Southern East Asia (SEA) using observational data and compares the results with the outputs from 20 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) historical runs. Observations show that SEA intense daily precipitation in MAM is linked to enhanced upper-level synoptic-scale waves; these disturbances are associated with significant anomalous temperature advection as well as moisture flux convergence, creating favorable conditions for extreme rainfall. Furthermore, it is found that a temperature advection index (TAI) can be utilized to characterize such synoptic-scale activities. Inspection of CMIP6 historical runs reveals that, among 20 models, 13 models perform well in accurately capturing the observed SEA rainfall pattern; such extreme events are also closely linked to TAI in the model environment. Overall, observed (simulated) results show that 78% (75%) of extreme events in the Yangtze River Basin–South Korea–south of Japan region can be attributed to positive TAI. Additionally, the related circulation anomalies such as the upper-level synoptic-scale wave feature, temperature advection, and moisture anomalies from these models closely resemble those observed during extreme precipitation days in SEA. Our findings suggest that TAI can effectively indicate both the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events in SEA, along with the associated synoptic-scale activities. Further study reveals a close lead-lag correlation between TAI and rainfall patterns over SEA. This correlation is characterized by eastward-propagating wave trains across the entire troposphere. Consequently, TAI not only acts as a benchmark for quantifying synoptic-scale extreme rainfall in SEA but also shows potential in predicting SEA rainfall linked to synoptic-scale disturbances.
Association between different diet quality scores and depression risk: the REGICOR population-based cohort study
Authors: Lugon Gabriela , Hernáez Álvaro , Jacka Felice N , Marrugat Jaume , Ramos Rafael , Garre-Olmo Josep , Elosua Roberto , Lassale Camille 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Our aim was to determine the association between diet quality and depression incidence in the population-based REGICOR cohort study, Catalonia, Spain.

Methods
Prospective observational study using participants’ baseline (2003–2006), follow-up (2007–2013) and clinical records data. Five diet quality scores were derived from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline: the relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED), the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score (ModMDS), a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score, a Healthful Plant-based Diet Index (HPDI) and the World Health Organization Healthy Diet Indicator (WHO-HDI). Participants using pharmacological antidepressant treatment were excluded as a proxy for presence of depression at baseline. At follow-up, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was applied to assess depressive symptoms (≥ 10 defining depressive disorder). A secondary outcome was depression diagnosis assessed through clinical records. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used.

Results
Main analysis included 3046 adults (50.3% women) with a mean age of 54.7 (SD = 11.6) years. After 6-years follow-up, 184 (6.04%) cases of depressive disorder were identified. There was 16% lower odds of depressive disorder per 1SD increase of rMED (OR = 0.84; 95%CI = 0.71–0.98). Secondary outcome analysis (n = 4789) identified 261 (5.45%) incident cases of clinical depression diagnosis over 12 years follow-up, and 19% lower risk of clinical depression was observed with the WHO-HDI (HR = 0.81; 95%CI = 0.70–0.93). Adjusting for BMI did not attenuate the findings.

Conclusions
A significant inverse association between diet quality and depression incidence was found in this population-based cohort study, independent of sociodemographic, health and lifestyle. Adherence to a healthy diet could be a complementary intervention for the prevention of depression.
What pupil size can and cannot tell about math anxiety
Authors: Blini Elvio , Anobile Giovanni , Arrighi Roberto 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMath Anxiety (MA) consists of excessive fear and worry about math-related situations. It represents a major barrier to numerical competence and the pursuit of STEM careers. Yet, we currently do not dispose of many tools that can capture its multifaceted nature, e.g. moving beyond the exclusive reliance on self-reports and meta-cognition. Here we sought to probe Pupil Size (PS) as a viable tool in the study of MA by administering arithmetic problems to university students in the humanities (N = 70) with various levels of MA. We found that arithmetic competence and performance are indeed negatively associated with MA, and this is accurately tracked by PS. When performance is accounted for, MA does not further modulate PS (before, during, or after calculation). However, the latency of PS peak dilation can add a significant contribution to predicting MA scores, indicating that high MA may be accompanied by more prolonged cognitive effort. Results show that MA and mathematical competence may be too crystalized in young university students to be discernible. We therefore call for early educational interventions to tackle and mitigate this dysfunctional association early on.
Epigenetic profiling of prostate cancer reveals potential prognostic signatures
Authors: Bernatz Simon , Reddin Ian G. , Fenton Tim R. , Vogl Thomas J. , Wild Peter J. , Köllermann Jens , Mandel Philipp , Wenzel Mike , Hoeh Benedikt , Mahmoudi Scherwin , Koch Vitali , Grünewald Leon D. , Hammerstingl Renate , Döring Claudia , Harter Patrick N. , Weber Katharina J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
While epigenetic profiling discovered biomarkers in several tumor entities, its application in prostate cancer is still limited. We explored DNA methylation-based deconvolution of benign and malignant prostate tissue for biomarker discovery and the potential of radiomics as a non-invasive surrogate.

Methods
We retrospectively included 30 patients (63 [58–79] years) with prostate cancer (PCa) who had a multiparametric MRI of the prostate before radical prostatectomy between 2014 and 2019. The control group comprised four patients with benign prostate tissue adjacent to the PCa lesions and four patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Tissue punches of all lesions were obtained. DNA methylation analysis and reference-free in silico deconvolution were conducted to retrieve Latent Methylation Components (LCMs). LCM-based clustering was analyzed for cellular composition and correlated with clinical disease parameters. Additionally, PCa and adjacent benign lesions were analyzed using radiomics to predict the epigenetic signatures non-invasively.

Results
LCMs identified two clusters with potential prognostic impact. Cluster one was associated with malignant prostate tissue (p < 0.001) and reduced immune-cell-related signatures (p = 0.004) of CD19 and CD4 cells. Cluster one comprised exclusively malignant prostate tissue enriched for significant prostate cancer and advanced tumor stages (p < 0.03 for both). No radiomics model could non-invasively predict the epigenetic clusters.

Conclusion
Epigenetic clusters were associated with prognostically and clinically relevant metrics in prostate cancer. Further, immune cell-related signatures differed significantly between prognostically favorable and unfavorable clusters. Further research is necessary to explore potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
A deep fusion model for stock market prediction with news headlines and time series data
Authors: Chen Pinyu , Boukouvalas Zois , Corizzo Roberto 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTime series forecasting models are essential decision support tools in real-world domains. Stock market is a remarkably complex domain, due to its quickly evolving temporal nature, as well as the multiple factors having an impact on stock prices. To date, a number of machine learning-based approaches have been proposed in the literature to tackle stock trend prediction. However, they typically tend to analyze a single data source or modality, or consider multiple modalities in isolation and rely on simple combination strategies, with a potential reduction in their modeling power. In this paper, we propose a multimodal deep fusion model to predict stock trends, leveraging daily stock prices, technical indicators, and sentiment in daily news headlines published by media outlets. The proposed architecture leverages a BERT-based model branch fine-tuned on financial news and a long short-term memory (LSTM) branch that captures relevant temporal patterns in multivariate data, including stock prices and technical indicators. Our experiments on 12 different stock datasets with prices and news headlines demonstrate that our proposed model is more effective than popular baseline approaches, both in terms of accuracy and trading performance in a portfolio analysis simulation, highlighting the positive impact of multimodal deep learning for stock trend prediction.
Automatic docking with extended dynamic positioning
Authors: Larsen Stefan , Helgesen Håkon Hagen , Walmsness Jens Emil , Kufoalor Giorgio Kwame Minde , Johansen Tor Arne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article presents an automatic docking method suitable for fully actuated surface vessels for the purposes of assisting operators of maritime vessels when docking in time-varying environmental conditions. Docking of ships is a particularly stressful task for human operators, with high demands for both speed and precision, especially under influence from environmental disturbances such as wind, waves and ocean currents. The need for automatic docking systems is increasing as unmanned maritime vessels become more advanced and integrated into global maritime transportation. To address this task, a comprehensive automatic docking algorithm was developed, with path following and velocity control using a modified dynamic positioning control system, which makes the method applicable in existing industrial control systems. In addition, the method includes capability analysis of the docking procedure and evaluates strategies for counteracting disturbances. Specifically, this method utilizes a modified dynamic positioning control system using position sensor data only, to control position, heading and velocity in different stages when docking automatically. The methods are proven in simulations and field experiments.
TACKoMesh – A randomised controlled trial comparing absorbable versus non-absorbable tack fixation in laparoscopic IPOM + repair of primary incisional hernia using post-operative pain and quality of life - Reliatack™ versus Protack™
Authors: Pilkington J. James , Pritchett James , Fullwood Catherine , Herring Annie , Wilkinson Fiona L. , Sheen Aali Jan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThere is a clinical need to better understand and improve post-operative pain for patients undergoing laparoscopic repair of incisional hernia. The aim of this single-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial was to compare post-operative pain between absorbable and non-absorbable tack fixation in patients undergoing IPOM + repair. Patients with primary incisional hernia (size 3–10 cm), were randomised to either Reliatack™ (n = 27), an articulating-arm device deploying absorbable polymer tacks, or Protack™ (n = 36), a straight-arm device deploying permanent titanium tacks. The primary outcome was reported pain on activity using a visual analogue scale at post-operative day 30. Clinical and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were assessed pre-operatively (day 0), and at 1-, 6-, 30- and 365-days post-surgery. No significant differences in reported pain ‘on activity’ were found at any timepoint. Less reported pain ‘at rest’ was found on post-operative day-1 with absorbable tacks (p = 0.020). Significantly longer mesh-fixation time (p < 0.001) and the use of more knots for fascial closure (p = 0.006) and tacks for mesh-fixation (p = 0.001) were found for the absorbable tack group. There were no differences in other clinical and PROMs between groups. For the whole trial cohort (n = 63) several domains in the Short-Form-36 showed a reduction from baseline scores at day 30 that improved at day 365. At post-operative day 30, 75.0% of patients reported ‘a lot of pain’ since discharge. This study found no difference in reported pain when choosing absorbable or non-absorbable tack fixation. The utility of “early” post-operative pain assessment as a comparator following incisional hernia repair needs clarification.
High resistance to non-native plant invasion exhibited in a maritime alpine environment
Authors: Kirkpatrick Jamie B. , Alvarez María Alisa , Bridle Kerry , Barros Agustina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMost alpine ecosystems are subject to non-native species invasion as climate warms and human disturbance increases. Therefore, it is important to identify the main barriers and facilitators of alpine plant invasions. While there is much research in continental alpine areas, there is limited research in maritime environments, which have distinctive biological, edaphic and geomorphologic features due to the scarcity of snow in winter. Here, we examine the contribution of anthropogenic and biotic factors on non-native plant invasions in the alpine areas of lutruwita (Tasmania), Australia. Specifically, we test whether disturbances associated with roads and livestock grazing facilitate non-native plant invasion and if biotic resistance from native plants and wild grazing animals inhibits such invasion. We used floristic data from: a statewide database; data from long-term grazing exclosures, and data from paired quadrats on roadsides and natural vegetation. Our results showed that non-native plants were associated with roadside disturbance and livestock grazing, with the latter having a legacy effect of 50 years. The persistent effect of stock grazing was evident in the exclusion experiment monitored over 30 years, where non-native plants occurred sporadically in time and space. In contrast, we found that the presence of wild grazing mammals, complete vegetation cover and high native richness, restricted non-native plants, emphasizing the importance of biotic resistance in controlling non-native plant invasions. These results indicate that livestock removal and road closure could be effective in reversing non-native plant invasion in this and other areas with wild vertebrate herbivores and high plant cover.
Bacterial cellulose with CHAPK-mediated specific antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Blanco Francisco G. , Campano Cristina , Rivero-Buceta Virginia , Hernández-Arriaga Ana M. , Prieto M. Auxiliadora 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWound healing represents a complex biological process often hampered by bacterial infections, in particular those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which is already multiresistant to many antibiotics. In this sense, enzybiotics have additional advantages over conventional antibiotics, since they provide pathogen specificity and do not contribute to antibiotic resistance. However, their soluble administration at the wound site would result in enzyme leakage. On the other hand, bacterial cellulose (BC) pellicles present a very promising dressing and scaffold, given its high purity, water retention capacity, and barrier effect in the wound against possible contaminants. In this study, we present a novel approach that incorporates the enzybiotic CHAPK into BC to develop functionalized membranes that exhibit targeted and controlled antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. The kinetic tests revealed a continuous loading of the enzybiotic into BC until it reaches a maximum and a two-stage release process, characterized by an initial fast release followed by a sustained release. Attenuated total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) confirmed the incorporation and the preferential surface localization of CHAPK within the BC membranes. Finally, the BC/CHAPK materials demonstrated the sustained reduction of up to 4 logarithmic units in the viability of S. aureus. Overall, the biomaterials developed here exhibit promising antimicrobial efficacy against S. aureus, offering a potential strategy for wound management and skin infection control while maintaining unharmed the commensal skin microbiota, which impairment could compromise the integrity of the skin barrier function.