bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Outcomes of Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital Pulmonary Malformations
Authors: Ruchonnet-Metrailler Isabelle , Leroy-Terquem Elise , Stirnemann Julien , Cros Pierrick , Ducoin Héloïse , Hadchouel Alice , Khen-Dunlop Naziha , Labbé André , Labouret Géraldine , Lebras Marie-Noëlle , Lezmi Guillaume , Madhi Fouad , Salomon Laurent J. , Thouvenin Guillaume , Thumerelle Caroline , Delacourt Christophe 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Congenital pulmonary malformations (CPM) are mostly recognized on prenatal ultrasound scans. In a minority of cases, they may impair breathing at birth. The factors predictive of neonatal respiratory distress are not well defined, but an understanding of these factors is essential for decisions concerning the need for the delivery to take place in a tertiary care center. The aim of this study was to identify potential predictors of respiratory distress in neonates with CPM.

METHODS:
We selected cases of prenatal diagnosis of hyperechoic and/or cystic lung lesions from RespiRare, the French prospective multicenter registry for liveborn children with rare respiratory diseases (2008–2013). Prenatal parameters were correlated with neonatal respiratory outcome.

RESULTS:
Data were analyzed for 89 children, 22 (25%) of whom had abnormal breathing at birth. Severe respiratory distress, requiring oxygen supplementation or ventilatory support, was observed in 12 neonates (13%). Respiratory distress at birth was significantly associated with the following prenatal parameters: mediastinal shift (P = .0003), polyhydramnios (P = .05), ascites (P = .0005), maximum prenatal malformation area (P = .001), and maximum congenital pulmonary malformation volume ratio (CVR) (P = .001). Severe respiratory distress, requiring oxygen at birth, was best predicted by polyhydramnios, ascites, or a CVR &gt;0.84.

CONCLUSIONS:
CVR &gt;0.84, polyhydramnios, and ascites increased the risk of respiratory complications at birth in fetuses with CPM, and especially of severe respiratory distress, requiring oxygen supplementation or more intensive intervention. In such situations, the delivery should take place in a tertiary care center.
Cervical Spine Injury Patterns in Children
Authors: Leonard Jeffrey R. , Jaffe David M. , Kuppermann Nathan , Olsen Cody S. , Leonard Julie C. 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Pediatric cervical spine injuries (CSIs) are rare and differ from adult CSIs. Our objective was to describe CSIs in a large, representative cohort of children.

METHODS:
We conducted a 5-year retrospective review of children &lt;16 years old with CSIs at 17 Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network hospitals. Investigators reviewed imaging reports and consultations to assign CSI type. We described cohort characteristics using means and frequencies and used Fisher’s exact test to compare differences between 3 age groups: &lt;2 years, 2 to 7 years, and 8 to 15 years. We used logistic regression to explore the relationship between injury level and age and mechanism of injury and between neurologic outcome and cord involvement, injury level, age, and comorbid injuries.

RESULTS:
A total of 540 children with CSIs were included in the study. CSI level was associated with both age and mechanism of injury. For children &lt;2 and 2 to 7 years old, motor vehicle crash (MVC) was the most common injury mechanism (56%, 37%). Children in these age groups more commonly injured the axial (occiput–C2) region (74%, 78%). In children 8 to 15 years old, sports accounted for as many injuries as MVCs (23%, 23%), and 53% of injuries were subaxial (C3–7). CSIs often necessitated surgical intervention (axial, 39%; subaxial, 30%) and often resulted in neurologic deficits (21%) and death (7%). Neurologic outcome was associated with cord involvement, injury level, age, and comorbid injuries.

CONCLUSIONS:
We demonstrated a high degree of variability of CSI patterns, treatments and outcomes in children. The rarity, variation, and morbidity of pediatric CSIs make prompt recognition and treatment critical.
Phenomenological models of Universe with varying G and Λ
Authors: Khurshudyan Martiros 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIn this article we will consider several phenomenological models for the Universe with varying G and Λ(t), where G is the gravitational ”constant” and Λ(t) is a varying cosmological ”constant”. Two-component fluid model are taken into account. An interaction of the phenomenological form between a barotropic fluid and a quintessence DE is supposed. Three different forms of Λ(t) will be considered. The problem is analysed numerically and behavior of different cosmological parameters investigated graphically. Conclusion and discussions are given at the end of the work. In an Appendix information concerning to the other cosmological parameters is presented.
Chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidative and anticholinesterase activity of Satureja Montana L. ssp montana essential oil
Authors: Mihajilov-Krstev Tatjana , Radnović Dragan , Kitić Dušanka , Jovanović Vesna , Mitić Violeta , Stojanović-Radić Zorica , Zlatković Bojan 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The present study investigates the chemical compositions of three Satureja montana L. ssp montana essential oils and correlates chemical variability with biological activities. GC/MS analysis showed that with an increase in altitude (100–500–800 m), a higher content of linalool, terpinen-4-ol and cis-sabinene hydrate was found, while the percentage of phenolic compounds, thymol and carvacrol decreased. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was tested against 7 fungal and 23 bacterial strains. The essential oil characterized by the highest content of phenols and alcohols exhibited the highest antimicrobial potential. The correlation analysis showed that the major carriers of the obtained antioxidant activity are oxygenated monoterpenes. All essential oils inhibited human serum cholinesterase activity. High antimicrobial potential, together with moderate antioxidant capacity and strong inhibition of human serum cholinesterase, classifies S. montana essential oil as a natural source of compounds that can be used in the treatment of foodborne and neurological diseases, wound and other infections, as well as for general health improvement.
In vitro organogenesis secondary metabolite production and heavy metal analysis in Swertia chirayita
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Singh Shailesh , Bandopadhyay Rajib , Sharma Madan , Chandra Sheela 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
An efficient protocol of plant regeneration through direct and indirect organogenesis in Swertia chirayita was developed. Explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.5 mg L−1) with combination of Kinetin (0.5 mg L−1) showed the highest frequency (84%) of callusing and 1.0mg L−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) in combination with (100 mg L−1) Adenine sulphate (Ads) + (0.1 mg L−1) Indole acetic acid (IAA) was excellent for maximum adventitious shoot (12.69 ± 1.30) formation in four week of culture. A maximum number of (7.14 ± 0.99) shoots were developed per leaf explants through direct organogenesis. The highest frequency of rooting (11.46 ± 1.56) was observed on MS medium augmented with IAA (1.0 mg L−1). Well-rooted shoots transferred to plastic pots containing a soilrite: sand mix and then moved to the greenhouse for further growth and development. Four major secondary metabolites were analyzed and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. Amount of secondary metabolites was found significantly higher, in in vitro plantlets compared to in vivo plantlets and callus raised from S. chirayita. Higher heavy metal accumulation in in vitro as compared to in vivo plantlets correlates higher secondary metabolite production supporting that they play regulatory role in influencing the plant secondary metabolism.
The use of heavy metals in mycoremediation of synthetic dyes
Authors: Balaeş Tiberius , Tănase Cătălin , Butnariu Claudiu 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Synthetic dyes represent a major class of toxic pollutants that are resistant to biological degradation, and heavy metals play a special role in this process. In this study, two isolates of lignicolous macromycetes, Lenzites betulina as well as another species less frequently studied, Trametes gibbosa, were tested in order to assess their remediation potential against three different synthetic dyes under specific conditions. The effect of heavy metal ions in the discoloration of synthetic dyes process, and the optimal concentration of manganese ions necessary were evaluated. The dyes’ discoloration efficiency of the fresh isolates were compared to the isolates maintained by refrigeration, isolates that were repeatedly sub-cultivated and isolates that were previously grown on dye-supplemented media, and then were assessed. The discoloration process was evaluated in liquid nutrient media, 10 replicates were used for each working version. Evaluation of discoloration rate was obtained by using a UV-VIS spectrometer. The results were interpreted statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test and by use of a new complex method, Multiple Factor Analysis. The fresh isolates showed the highest discoloration capacity while the isolates previously grown on the dye-supplemented media presented a low discoloration rate. Manganese ions gave a positive effect on enzyme induction while copper and cobalt ions inhibited the process.
Identification of proteins involved in starch and polygalacturonic acid degradation using LC/MS
Authors: Petkauskaite Raimonda , Lukosius Dangiras , Dębski Janusz , Jasilionis Andrius , Dadlez Michał , Kieraite Ieva , Timonina Ana , Kuisiene Nomeda 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Plant biomass in the form of cheap wastes, such as straw, corn stalks, wood chips, sawdust, bagasse, pomace, etc., is abundant throughout the world. To convert these wastes into the useful value-added compounds microbial enzymes are the preferred choice. In this paper, we identify enzymes involved in the degradation of starch and polygalacturonic acid using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry based analysis. We analysed total protein from soil and compost samples. Extracellular proteins from enrichment cultures were analysed in parallel and used as controls in the sample preparation and identification of proteins. In general, both protein sequence coverage and the number of identified peptides were higher in the samples obtained from the enrichment cultures than from the total protein from soil and compost. The influence of the nature of gel (zymography vs. SDS/polyacrylamide) was negligible. Thus, starch and polygalacturonic acid degradation associated proteins can be directly excised from the zymograms without the need to align zymograms with the SDS/polyacrylamide gels. A range of starch and polygalacturonic acid degradation associated enzymes were identified in both total protein samples and extracellular proteins from the enrichment cultures. Our results show that proteins involved in starch and polygalacturonic acid degradation can be identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry from the complex protein mixtures both with and without cultivation of microorganism
The impact of increased soil risk elements on carotenoid contents
Authors: Procházková Dagmar , Haisel Daniel , Pavlíková Daniela , Száková Jiřina , Wilhelmová Naďa 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to compare the responses of a non-transgenic tobacco plant (WT) and plants with genetically prolonged life-span (SAG) to risk elements of As, Cd and Zn. Plants were grown in control soil and in soil with higher levels of risk elements. The pigment contents were established by HPLC and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured from slow kinetics after a 15 min dark period with the PAM fluorometer. Top (i.e. young) leaves of both WT and SAG plants were more sensitive to photoinhibition caused by these risk elements but plants showed acclimation to such elements in the bottom leaves. Plants differed in the participation of individual pigments of xanthophyll cycle: increased levels of risk elements seem to stimulate especially first (violaxanthin to antheraxanthin) and second (anhtheraxanthin to zeaxanthin) steps of the cycle in WT plants. In SAG plants, toxic elements caused an increase in the content, particularly of the initial compound of the cycle — violaxanthin.
Shot Peening Induced Plastic Deformation in Cast Iron – Influence of Graphite Morphology*
Authors: Lundberg M. , Peng R. L. , Ahmad M. , Bäckström D. , Vuoristo T. , Johansson S. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Graphite morphology in cast iron strongly affects the mechanical properties such as: Young's modulus, tensile/compressive strength and cyclic mechanical behaviour. In this study, pearlitic compact graphite iron (CGI) and grey cast iron (GI) have been studied in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after shot peening under different conditions. The plastic deformation behaviour of CGI and GI under different shot peening conditions has been analysed using electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) and electron contrast channelling imaging (ECCI). EBSD and ECCI revealed that plastic deformation around graphite inclusions depends on the size and shape of the graphite. The different response of CGI and GI to shot peening is explained by the different damping properties of the graphite and the matrix capability for plastic deformation. n
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Intumescent Flame Retardant and its Application in LLDPE
Authors: Ye W. , Du L. , Tian X. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIn this study, a novel phosphorus-containing flame retardant (IFR) of spirocyclic pentaerythritol diphosphonate dinitroguanidine (SPDD) was successfully synthesized, which was characterized by1H NMR,31P NMR and FTIR spectra. At the same time, the SPDD was used in LLDPE to prepare flame-retardant materials whose flammability and thermal behavior were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The TGA data showed that SPDD could effectively enhance the thermal stability and char residue of LLDPE/IFR composite. And with the increase of SPDD, the LOI value of LLDPE/IFR increases obviously. When SPDD reached 30 wt%, the LOI value of LLDPE/IFR reaches 31 %. The SEM also shows the surface of intumescent chars of LLDPE/IFR (30 %) has many sphere-like swollen bubbles.
Numerical Investigation and Experimental Observation of Extrudate Swell for Viscoelastic Polymer Melts
Authors: Kanvisi M. , Motahari S. , Kaffashi B. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
In the present research die swell phenomenon is investigated for the viscoelastic polymer melts both experimentally and by developing a mathematical model in a circular die for high impact polystyrenes (HIPS), high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). Die swell is generally attributed to the fluid stress field when the fluid flows in a die. The Leonov-like equations as a conformational model are solved simultaneously with dynamic equation of momentum transfer to predict the stress field for a viscoelastic fluid in a circular die. The average molecular weight, the polymer relaxation time and the polymer mobility tensors are determined using the experimental measurements of shear viscosity. Then, based on those data, a model is developed. The results predicted by the model for flow stress field are then used to calculate die swell ratio by Tanner’s analytical model. Die swell ratio is also found out experimentally using a capillary rheometer for the samples. Comparison of the die swell results predicted by the model and measured experimentally show very good agreement for the polymers.
Processing and Wear Analysis of Blast Furnace Slag Filled Polypropylene Composites Using Taguchi Model and ANN
Authors: Padhi P. K. , Satapathy A. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This paper analyses and reports on processing and solid particle erosion wear response of a new class of hybrid composites prepared by reinforcement of short glass fibers (SGF) in blast furnace slag (BFS) filled polypropylene (PP) matrix. In this investigation, composites with different BFS content (0, 10, 20 and 30 wt%) in a polypropylene matrix base, with and without 20 wt% SGF reinforcement, are prepared by injection molding route. To study the erosion wear response of these BFS filled composites, a plan of experiments based on the Taguchi technique is followed to acquire the wear data in a controlled way. This systematic experimentation has led to identification of significant process parameters and material variables that predominantly influence the erosion rate and also enables us to determine optimal parameter settings that lead to minimization of the erosion rate. An artificial neural network (ANN) approach is also implemented to predict the wear rate of the composites. The morphology of eroded surfaces is then examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and possible erosion mechanisms are discussed. This study reveals that addition of blast furnace slag improves the erosion resistance of glass-polypropylene composites significantly and thus makes them suitable for tribological applications.
Microchannel Deformation of Polymer Chip in In-Mold Bonding
Authors: Chu C.-P. , Jiang B.-Y. , Weng C. , Jiang F.-Z. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Microchannel deformation is a problem which often occurs in the thermal bonding of polymer microfluidic chip, and which is significantly determined by bonding parameters. In this paper, numerical analysis of the microchannel deformation in the process of in-mold bonding polymer chip was conducted, using Young's modulus and shear relaxation modulus of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) obtained in creep tests. Adhesion between the top and two lateral walls of microchannel was observed in the results, which can be attributed mainly to the viscoelastic deformation of PMMA. It was also revealed that the maximum percent deformation of microchannel is in height, and that bonding temperature had greater effect on the deformation of microchannel than bonding pressure and bonding time. The deformation of microchannel in simulation were consistent with those of experiment under the optimized parameters of 105 °C, 2 MPa and 240 s.
Experimental Investigation of PC-Films Using Optical Measurements
Authors: Dammann C. , Caylak I. , Mahnken R. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The alignment of polymer chains is a well known microstructural evolution effect due to straining of polymers. This has a drastic influence on the macroscopic properties of the initially isotropic material. In this work, cold forming is performed at room temperature on a tensile testing machine. Polycarbonate films are examined in two loading phases. In the first phase, the specimen is loaded to induce anisotropy, and in the second, it is re-loaded, while the material direction is varied. The investigations are supported by an optical measurement system to gain knowledge about the inhomogeneous material behavior in the initial loading phase and about the anisotropic homogeneous behavior during the re-loading phase. Two dimensional strain contours are obtained from the test data. Additionally, we propose a method for approximation of the macroscopic true stress and compare the results with a common approach based on volume consistency. In the future, the test data will set a basis for parameter identification of constitutive equations taking into account a combination of inhomogenous and homogenous material behavior, exhibiting strain induced anisotropy.
Can peptide receptor radionuclide therapy be safely applied in florid bone metastases?
Authors: Sabet A. , Khalaf F. , Yong-Hing C. J. , Sabet A. , Haslerud T. , Ahmadzadehfar H. , Guhlke S. , Grünwald F. , Biersack H.-J. , Ezziddin S. 
Published: April 2014

Summary
Aim: Highly advanced metastatic bone disease with extensive osseous infiltration of neuroendocrine tumours (NET) may preclude patients from treatment with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in concern about haematotoxicity. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of PRRT with 177Lu-octreotate in a patient cohort with this condition. Patients, methods: 41 PRRT courses were performed in 11 patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NET) and florid bone metastases (severely advanced widespread metastatic bone disease). A mean activity of 6.95 GBq 177Lu-octreotate was administered per treatment cycle, aimed at four courses with standard intervals of 3 months. Haematological parameters were determined prior to each treatment course, in 2-4 weeks intervals between the courses, 8-12 weeks after the last course of PRRT and in 3 monthly intervals thereafter. Toxicity was recorded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0. Restaging was performed 3 months after termination of PRRT with CT/MRI and functional imaging (modified MDA criteria). Results: Significant (grade III-IV), reversible haematotoxicity occurred in 4 (35%) patients and after 10 (24%) administrations. It either resolved spontaneously (1 patient) or was controlled by supportive measures (3 patients), such as blood transfusions (3 patients) or deferral of the subsequent therapy cycle (1 patient). Patients returned to baseline blood values within up to 23 months after termination of PRRT. The observed treatment response of bone metastases consisted of a partial response in 2, a minor response in 1, stable disease in 7, and progressive disease in 1 patient. Of the 4 patients with metastatic bone pain, 1 experienced complete and 3 partial resolution of symptoms within 3-10 weeks after commencement of PRRT. Conclusion: These preliminary data indicate that PRRT with 177Lu-octreotate can be safely applied even in florid bone metastases with extensive, severely advanced osseous replacement. The higher myelosuppression rate was not associated with serious complications and should not preclude patients from being treated and potentially experiencing remarkable treatment efficacy despite the very advanced stage.
Survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with 90Y-microsphere radioembolization
Authors: Sabet A. , Ahmadzadehfar H. , Bruhman J. , Sabet A. , Meyer C. , Wasmuth J.-C. , Pieper C.-C. , Biersack H.-J. , Ezziddin S. 
Published: April 2014

SummaryAim: This retrospective study aims to evaluate the predictive value of FDG PET/CT in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing radioembolization with yttrium-90 labeled microspheres (RE). Patients, methods: The study cohort comprised 33 patients who were treated with RE at our institution and underwent FDG PET/CT at baseline and four weeks after radioembolization. According to the baseline FDG metabolic status of the HCC lesions, patients were divided into two groups: FDG-negative (n = 12) and FDG-positive (n = 21) HCC. FDG-positive patients were further divided into early metabolic responders and non-re- sponders according to the relative change in SUVmax of the treated lesions. Survival analyses were performed with the Kaplan-Meier method (log-rank test, p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the influence of prognostic factors on overall survival (OS). Results: FDG-negative patients had a significantly longer OS (13 months, 95%CI 7-19) than FDG-positive patients (9 months, 95%CI 7-11; p = 0.010). Among FDG- positive patients, metabolic responders survived significantly longer than metabolic non- responders (10 months, 95%CI 8-12 vs. 5 months, 95%CI 4-6; p = 0.003). From the other baseline factors (including performance status, hepatic tumour burden, presence of extra-hepatic disease, administered activity) only the BCLC stage had a significant impact on OS (p = 0.028). Conclusion: Pre- and post- therapeutic FDG PET independently predicts overall survival in patients with HCC undergoing radioembolization. Interestingly, early metabolic response seems to be assessable as early as four weeks post-treatment.