bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications of BCG vaccine SSI® recent story and risk management plan: the French experience
Authors: Chol Christelle , Guy Claire , Jacquet Alexis , Castot‐Villepelet Anne , Kreft‐Jais Carmen , Cambazard Frédéric , Beyens Marie‐Noelle , Mounier Geneviève , Marsille Fakhria , Mismetti Patrick 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTIntroductionAs of January 2006, the BCG vaccine SSI® became the only BCG vaccine available for tuberculosis vaccination in France. The use of this vaccine led to significant changes in vaccination technique which were accompanied by a rapid increase in the number of adverse reactions (ADRs) reported. A national pharmacovigilance follow‐up began in February 2006, and a risk management plan (RMP) was put in place in April 2006, made of three phases (carried out in June 2006, July 2006 and September 2006) with risk minimisation measures.The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of the RMP on the amount of ADRs reported.MethodsBased on data collected by the regional pharmacovigilance centres and the MSD laboratory, the cases of locoregional ADRs spontaneously reported were analysed retrospectively from January 2005 to February 2006, and then prospectively up to June 2008, the date at which the national follow‐up ended. The locoregional ADRs were divided into three categories: abscesses, local reactions or lymphadenopathy of more than 1 cm and suppurative lymphadenopathy. A parallel was then drawn between these data and the different phases of the RMP.ResultsDuring the entire follow‐up period, we note 1050 locoregional ADRs, of which 764 were abscesses (73% of all cases), 266 were local reactions and 20 involved suppurative lymphadenopathy.Locoregional ADRs increased rapidly from January 2006 onward, reaching a peak in August 006 and then falling and stabilising from December 2007 onward.The RMP was implemented when there was an increase in the number of ADRs reported. The drop in the number of these effects began 3 months after the first phase and 2 months after the second phase of the RMP. The third phase was not accompanied by a variation in the number of ADRs reported.ConclusionThe RMP appears to have positive effect on the evolution of the number of ADRs, their decrease occurring rapidly after the risk minimisation measures of the first two phases. Nonetheless, these data should be confirmed by other studies on the efficacy of RMPs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and characterization of novel alternating fluorinated copolymers bearing oligo(ethylene oxide) side chains
Authors: Alaaeddine Ali , Hess Andrew , Boschet Frédéric , Allcock Harry , Ameduri Bruno 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of novel poly(CTFE‐g‐oligoEO) graft copolymers [chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) and ethylene oxide (EO)] are presented. First, vinyl ether monomers bearing oligo(EO) were prepared by transetherification of ω‐hydroxyoligo(EO) with ethyl vinyl ether catalyzed by a palladium complex in 70–84% yields. Two vinyl ethers of different molecular weights (three and 10 EO units) were thus obtained. Then, radical copolymerization of the above vinyl ethers with CTFE led to alternating poly(CTFE‐alt‐VE) copolymers that bore oligo(OE) side chains in satisfactory yields (65%). These original poly(CTFE‐g‐oligoEO) graft copolymers were characterized by 1H, 19F, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Their molecular weights reached 19,000 g mol−1, and their thermal properties were investigated while their glass transition temperatures ranged between −42 and −36 °C. Their thermogravimetric analyses under air showed decomposition temperatures of 270 °C with 10% weight loss (Td,10%). These novel copolymers are of potential interest as polymer electrolytes in lithium ion batteries, showing room temperature conductivities ranging from 4.49 × 10−7 to 1.45 × 10−6 S cm−1 for unplasticized material. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
The Effect of Hot‐ and Cold‐Rolling on the Electropulse‐Induced Microstructure and Property Changes in Medium Carbon Low Alloy Steels
Authors: Yu W. P. , Qin R. S. , Wu K. M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe application of electropulse to hot‐rolled and cold‐rolled, medium carbon low alloy steels has generated completely different effects. For cold‐rolled steel samples, electropulsing treatment causes microstructure refinement and, hence, increments in tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. For hot‐rolled steels, the effect of electropulsing is found to be negligible. This proves the importance of dislocations in the micromechanism of electropulse‐induced microstructure transformation in solids. The optimal electropulse parameters for the improvement of cold‐rolled steels are observed. The experimental observations are explained within the frameworks of thermodynamics and kinetics of microstructure transformation.
Synthesis, Structures and Luminescent Properties of Two Coordination Polymers Based on 5‐(4‐Carboxyphenyl)‐2, 6‐Pyr­idinedicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Zhang Wenqian , Yu Jiancan , Cui Yuanjing , Rao Xingtang , Yang Yu , Qian Guodong 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTwo coordination polymers, Zn7O(cpda)3(OH)3 (1) and [Tb(H2cpda)(Hcpda)(H2O)]·(H2O) (2) (H3cpda = 5‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐2, 6‐pyridinedicarboxylic acid), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, PXRD, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Complex 1 has a 3D framework structure with high thermal stability and complex 2 exhibits 1D chain structure. Luminescent measurements indicate that complex 1 shows strong ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) luminescence, while complex 2 exhibits the characteristic emission of Tb3+ ions.
Kerr/CFT, dipole theories and nonrelativistic CFTs
Authors: El-Showk Sheer , Guica Monica 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe study solutions of type IIB supergravity which are SL(2,$\mathbb{R}$) × SU(2) × U(1)2invariant deformations ofAdS3 × S3 × K3 and take the form of products of self-dual spacelike warpedAdS3and a deformed three-sphere. One of these backgrounds has been recently argued to be relevant for a derivation of Kerr/CFT from string theory, whereas the remaining ones are holographic duals of two-dimensional dipole theories and their S-duals. We show that each of these backgrounds is holographically dual to a deformation of the DLCQ of the D1-D5 CFT by a specific supersymmetric (1,2) operator, which we write down explicitly in terms of twist operators at the free orbifold point. The deforming operator is argued to be exactly marginal with respect to the zero-dimensional nonrelativistic conformal (or Schrödinger) group — which is simply SL(2,$\mathbb{R}$)L × U(1)R. Moreover, in the supergravity limit of largeNand strong coupling, no other single-trace operators are turned on. We thus propose that the field theory duals to the backgrounds of interest are nonrelativistic CFTs defined by adding the single Scrödinger-invariant (1, 2) operator mentioned above to the original CFT action. Our analysis indicates that the rotating extremal black holes we study are best thought of as finite right-moving temperature (non-supersymmetric) states in the above-defined supersymmetric nonrelativistic CFT and hints towards a more general connection between Kerr/CFT and two-dimensional non-relativistic CFTs.
Screening for Muir‐Torre Syndrome Using Mismatch Repair Protein Immunohistochemistry of Sebaceous Neoplasms
Authors: Roberts Maegan E. , Riegert‐Johnson Douglas L. , Thomas Brittany C. , Thomas Colleen S. , Heckman Michael G , Krishna Murli , DiCaudo David J. , Bridges Alina G , Hunt Katherine S. , Rumilla Kandelaria M. , Cappel Mark A 
Published: December 2012

AbstractScreening for the Muir‐Torre variant of Lynch Syndrome (LS) using Mismatch Repair (MMR) gene immunohistochemistry (IHC) on sebaceous neoplasms (SNs) is technically feasible. To date, research into the clinical utility of MMR IHC for this indication is limited. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 90 patients with MMR IHC completed on at least one SN from January 2005 to May 2010. SNs included were adenomas, epitheliomas, carcinomas and basal and squamous cell carcinomas with sebaceous differentiation. Of the 90 patients, 13 (14 %) had genetically confirmed or fulfilled clinical criteria for a diagnosis of MTS and 51 patients (57 %) presented with an abnormal MMR IHC result (loss of one or more MMR proteins) on at least one SN. Abnormal IHC had a sensitivity of 85 %, specificity of 48 %, positive predictive value (PPV) of 22 % and negative predictive value (NPV) of 95 % when evaluating for MTS. When personal or family history of colorectal cancer (≥2 family members with a history of colorectal cancer) was taken into consideration, ignoring IHC results, sensitivity was 92 %, specificity was 99 %, PPV was 92 % and NPV was 99 %. MMR IHC on SNs when used to screen for MTS has poor diagnostic utility. We recommend that MMR IHC not be performed routinely on SNs when the patient does not have either personal or family history of colorectal cancer.
When the Topic is You: Genetic Counselor Responses to Prenatal Patients’ Requests for Self‐Disclosure
Authors: Balcom Jessica R. , Veach Patricia McCarthy , Bemmels Heather , Redlinger‐Grosse Krista , LeRoy Bonnie S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA limited amount of research indicates patient requests play a major role in genetic counselors’ self‐disclosure decisions and that disclosure and non‐disclosure responses to patient requests may differentially affect genetic counseling processes. Studies further suggest patient requests may be more common in prenatal settings, particularly when counselors are pregnant. Empirical evidence is limited however, concerning the nature of patient requests. This study explored genetic counselors’ experiences of prenatal patients’ requests for self‐disclosure. Four major research questions were: (1) What types of questions do prenatal patients ask that invite self‐disclosure?; (2) Do pregnant genetic counselors have unique experiences with prenatal patient disclosure requests?; (3) How do genetic counselors typically respond to disclosure requests?; and (4) What strategies are effective and ineffective in responding to disclosure requests? One hundred seventy‐six genetic counselors completed an online survey and 40 also participated in telephone interviews. Inductive analysis of 21 interviews revealed patient questions vary, although questions about counselor demographics are most common, and patients are more likely to ask pregnant counselors questions about their personal pregnancy decisions. Participants reported greater discomfort with self‐disclosure requests during pregnancy, yet also disclosing more frequently during pregnancy. Counselor responses included personal self‐disclosure, professional self‐disclosure, redirection, and declining to disclose. Factors perceived as influencing disclosure included: topic, patient motivations, timing of request, quality of counseling relationship, patient characteristics, and ethical/legal responsibilities. Disclosure practices changed over time for most counselors. Additional findings, practice implications, and research recommendations are discussed.
The effect of Morinda Citrifolia juice as an endodontic irrigant on smear layer and microhardness of root canal dentin
Authors: Saghiri Mohammad Ali , García‐Godoy Franklin , Asgar Kamal , Lotfi Mehrdad 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Morinda Citrifolia Juice (MCJ) on smear layer removal and microhardness value of root canal dentin in compared with various endodontic irrigants.Material and methods: Eighty‐four single‐rooted human teeth were prepared to apical size of #35. Since decoronation, samples were divided into seven groups of 12 in each (n = 12). Specimens were finally irrigated by either 1: 2.5% NaOCl, 2: 6% MCJ, followed by a final flush of 17% ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 3: 6% MCJ, 4: 2.5% NaOCl then17% EDTA, 5: MTAD, 6: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and 7: saline. After irrigation, all samples were subjected to Vickers microhardness test at 100 and 500‐μm depths and then were examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ImageJ program was used to calculate open dentinal tubules. One way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were used to reveal any significant differences among and between groups respectively.Results: The microhardness values at 100 μm and 500 μm for MTAD were significantly lower than for NaOCl + EDTA and MCJ + EDTA groups (p < 0.05). MCJ + EDTA, NaOCl + EDTA, and MTAD protocol significantly removed smear layer in compared with control group (p < 0.05), with no significant differences among these three groups.Conclusions: It was concluded that 6% MCJ followed by a final flush of 17% EDTA can be regarded as an effective solution on smear layer removal without any adverse influence on microhardness property of root canal dentin.
Leptin and leucine synergistically regulate protein metabolism in C2C12 myotubes and mouse skeletal muscles
Authors: Mao Xiangbing , Zeng Xiangfang , Huang Zhimin , Wang Junjun , Qiao Shiyan 
Published: December 2012

Leucine and leptin play important roles in regulating protein synthesis and degradation in skeletal musclesin vitroandin vivo.However, the objective of the present study was to determine whether leptin and leucine function synergistically in regulating protein metabolism of skeletal muscles. In thein vitroexperiment, C2C12 myotubes were cultured for 2 h in the presence of 5 mm-leucine and/or 50 ng/ml of leptin. In thein vivoexperiment, C57BL/6 andob/obmice were randomly assigned to be fed a non-purified diet supplemented with 3 %l-leucine or 2·04 %l-alanine (isonitrogenous control) for 14 d.Ob/obmice were injected intraperitoneally with sterile PBS or recombinant mouse leptin (0·1 μg/g body weight) for 14 d. In C57BL/6 mice, dietary leucine supplementation increased (P< 0·05) plasma leptin, leptin receptor expression and protein synthesis in skeletal muscles, but reduced (P< 0·05) plasma urea and protein degradation in skeletal muscles. Dietary leucine supplementation and leptin injection increased the relative weight of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles inob/obmice. Moreover, leucine and leptin treatments stimulated (P< 0·05) protein synthesis and inhibited (P< 0·05) protein degradation in C2C12 myotubes and skeletal muscles ofob/obmice. There were interactions (P< 0·05) between the leucine and leptin treatments with regard to protein metabolism in C2C12 myotubes and soleus muscles ofob/obmice but not in the gastrocnemius muscles ofob/obmice. Collectively, these results suggest that leptin and leucine synergistically regulate protein metabolism in skeletal muscles bothin vitroandin vivo.
A new Late OrdovicianHirnantiabrachiopod Fauna from NW Turkey, its biostratigraphical relationships and palaeogeographical setting
Authors: SAYAR CAZIBE , COCKS L. ROBIN M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractLate Ordovician fossils, including the distinctiveHirnantiabrachiopod Fauna, have been found in Lower Palaeozoic successions in Istanbul and Bolu (Yığılca), western Pontides, NW Turkey. The Middle Ordovician (Sandbian) faunas belong to the cooler-water Mediterranean Province, and they are followed by Katian brachiopods includingSulevorthis,Nicolella,Hesperorthis,Glyptorthis,SaukrodictyaandKullervoand ostracods such asPiretella,EochilinaandKlimphores, which represent deposition in warmer waters; however, the Mediterranean Province usually cooler-water brachiopodsDraboviaandLeptestiinaalso occur. The Pendik Formation includes thin bryozoan-rich limestones which probably represent the Boda Global Warming Event. The overlying turbidites contain aHirnantiaFauna, developed within a brachiopod–diplograptid association. Above them there are characteristic Llandovery (Rhuddanian–Aeronian) brachiopods, such asLeangella,Eoplectodonta,StricklandiaandHindellawith the coralsHalysites,PaleofavositesandStreptelasma. In the Bolu area, Katian brachiopods such asMcewanella,Dalmanella,Glyptorthis,Christiania,Oligorhynchia,Nicolella,HowellitesandDrabovinellaalso occur, but there the overlyingHirnantiaFauna is developed within aHirnantia–Mucronaspisassociation. The fauna and sediments indicate that the western Pontides were not very cold during the latest Ordovician. Despite Turkey being placed in higher latitudes by previous authors, it seems more probable that the Pontides were at somewhat lower palaeolatitudes, perhaps at about 40°S in those times; however, the precise palaeogeographical position of the terrane remains uncertain: there are no Hirnantian glaciogenic rocks there, such as are found in the Taurides of southern Turkey.
Personality, self-control, and welfare-tradeoff ratios in revenge and forgiveness
Authors: Balliet Daniel , Pronk Tila M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe address how trait self-control and trait concern for others relate to the concepts of monitored and intrinsic Welfare Tradeoff Ratios (WTRs), respectively, and how recent work on personality, revenge, and forgiveness are informed by the adaptationist perspective proposed in the target article. We also discuss how the proposed adaptationist perspective provides clues to some previously puzzling findings on revenge.
Towards a multifaceted understanding of revenge and forgiveness
Authors: Fatfouta Ramzi , Jacobs Arthur , Merkl Angela 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe focus on two aspects: First, we argue that it is necessary to include implicit forgiveness as an additional adaptive behavioral option to the perception of interpersonal transgressions. Second, we present one possible way to investigate the cognitive-affective underpinnings of revenge and forgiveness: a functional MRI (fMRI) approach aiming at integrating forgiveness and revenge mechanisms into a single paradigm.
Revenge: Behavioral and emotional consequences
Authors: Konečni Vladimir J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis commentary discusses dozens of ecologically powerful social-psychological experiments from the1960s and 1970s, which are highly relevant especially for predicting the consequences of revenge. McCullough et al. omitted this work – perhaps because of its misclassification as “catharsis” research. The findings are readily accommodated by Konečni's anger-aggression bidirectional-causation (AABC) model and can be usefully incorporated in an adaptationist view of revenge.
Failure to learn from feedback underlies word learning difficulties in toddlers at risk for autism
Authors: BEDFORD R. , GLIGA T. , FRAME K. , HUDRY K. , CHANDLER S. , JOHNSON M. H. , CHARMAN T. ,   THE BASIS TEAM
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTChildren's assignment of novel words to nameless objects, over objects whose names they know (mutual exclusivity; ME) has been described as a driving force for vocabulary acquisition. Despite their ability to use ME to fast-map words (Preissler & Carey, 2005), children with autism show impaired language acquisition. We aimed to address this puzzle by building on studies showing that correct referent selection using ME does not lead to word learning unless ostensive feedback is provided on the child's object choice (Horst & Samuelson, 2008). We found that although toddlers aged 2;0 at risk for autism can use ME to choose the correct referent of a word, they do not benefit from feedback for long-term retention of the word–object mapping. Further, their difficulty using feedback is associated with their smaller receptive vocabularies. We propose that difficulties learning from social feedback, not lexical principles, limits vocabulary building during development in children at risk for autism.
Shedding New Light on Cathodoluminescence—A Low Voltage Perspective
Authors: Erdman Natasha , Nielsen Charles , Robertson Vernon E. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPreviously, imaging and analysis with cathodoluminescence (CL) detectors required using high accelerating voltages. Utilization of lower accelerating voltage for microanalysis has the advantages of reduced beam-specimen interaction volume, and thus better spatial resolution, as well as reduction in electron beam induced damage. This article will highlight recent developments in field emission gun–scanning electron microscope technology that have allowed acquisition of high spatial resolution CL images at very low accelerating voltages. The advantages of low kV CL imaging will be shown using examples of a geological specimen (shale) and a specimen of an industrial grade diamond.
Cathodoluminescence Microscopy and Spectroscopy of Micro- and Nanodiamonds: An Implication for Laboratory Astrophysics
Authors: Gucsik Arnold , Nishido Hirotsugu , Ninagawa Kiyotaka , Ott Ulrich , Tsuchiyama Akira , Kayama Masahiro , Simonia Irakli , Boudou Jean-Paul 
Published: December 2012

AbstractColor centers in selected micro- and nanodiamond samples were investigated by cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy and spectroscopy at 298 K [room temperature (RT)] and 77 K [liquid-nitrogen temperature (LNT)] to assess the value of the technique for astrophysics. Nanodiamonds from meteorites were compared with synthetic diamonds made with different processes involving distinct synthesis mechanisms (chemical vapor deposition, static high pressure high temperature, detonation). A CL emission peak centered at around 540 nm at 77 K was observed in almost all of the selected diamond samples and is assigned to the dislocation defect with nitrogen atoms. Additional peaks were identified at 387 and 452 nm, which are related to the vacancy defect. In general, peak intensity at LNT at the samples was increased in comparison to RT. The results indicate a clear temperature—dependence of the spectroscopic properties of diamond. This suggests the method is a useful tool in laboratory astrophysics.
Inducing variability in multi-cut forage sorghum through mutagenesis
Authors: Pahuja S. K. , Aruna C. , Shrotria P. K. , Kaur Simarjit , Ranwah B. R. , Patil J. V. 
Published: December 2012

Improvement in multi-cut forage sorghum varieties that can perform better than SSG 59-3, a sweet Sudan grass released in 1974, has been a challenge. Efforts were made to create variability in SSG 59-3 through mutagenesis using both physical and chemical mutagens. Fifteen such mutants were evaluated for 2 years in different locations in India. Considerable variability was observed for important fodder yield and quality traits. SSG 237 flowered 10 d early than SSG 59-3. SSG 231, SSG 260, SSG 232 and SSG 237 had high protein percentage andin vitrodry matter digestibility (IVDMD) values compared with SSG 59-3. Hydrocyanic acid (HCN), a major anti-nutritional factor, was low in six mutants, the lowest being in SSG 226. This variability can be used in different breeding programmes aimed at improving multi-cut forage sorghum varieties. The lines with improved fodder quality (low HCN, high protein and IVDMD) can be used in the breeding programme for the improvement in multi-cut forage sorghum varieties.