bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Metabolic Syndrome in Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients
Authors: Awaleh Ahmed , Khorshid Hazem , Karem Khalid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension (HTN), impaired fasting blood sugar (FBS), increased central obesity (WC) and dyslipidemia; hypertriglyceridemia (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C). The MetS adversely affects cardiovascular outcomes, individuals with at least 4 out of 5 features of MetS have a 3.7-fold increased risk of coronary artery diseases at a 5-year follow-up.

Objective
to determine the effectiveness of exercise based-cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program on MetS in post-Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients versus guideline directed medical therapy over a 12 weeks period.

Patients and Methods
The study included 62 patients who suffered from ACS with evidence of MetS. All patients were recruited from Ain Shams University Hospitals (ASUHs) from July 2021 to December 2021 and were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of follow up for MetS parameters. After approval by the local ethics committee all patients were provided voluntary informed consent. The study subjects were classified into two groups: Group A (case group): included 32 patients who completed at least 80% of 12 weeks of CR program in ASUHs. Group B (control group): included 30 patients who did not attend the CR program and completed 12 weeks of guideline directed medical therapy alone.

Results
The results revealed that -when compared group A at baseline and after 12 weeks of CR-program there was a significant reduction in WC, FBS and TG levels, while there was a significant rise in HDL-C level. However, there was no statistically significant difference found regarding BP in this group. Regarding group B there was no statistically significant difference between the baseline MetS parameters and at follow up after 12 weeks of guideline directed medical therapy alone.

Conclusion
The present study revealed that there was a statistically significant improvement regarding WC, FBS, TG and HDL after completion of 12 weeks of the CR Program, while there was no statistically significant difference found regarding BP in the study group. In the control group there was no statistically significant difference found at baseline and follow up after 12 weeks of guideline directed medical care alone. Thus, the exercise-based CR program is superior than the regular medical care alone in improving the WC, FBS, TG and HDL.
Key words: Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiac Rehabilitation, Exercise Training, ACS. Abbreviations and Acronyms.
Acronyms:
ACS: Acute Coronary Syndrome
ASUHs: Ain Shams University Hospitals
BP: Blood Pressure
CR: Cardiac Rehabilitation FBS: Fasting Blood Sugar
HDL-C: High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol HTN: Hypertension
MetS: Metabolic Syndrome
TG: Triglyceridemia
WC: Central Obesity
Correlation between Glycated Hemoglobin, Extra cranial Carotid Artery Disease, Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type ll Diabetic Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Mohammed Darwish Mohammed Nabil , Fahmy Ahmed Mohammed , Mousa Mohammed Abomandour , Ahmed Abdelrazek Ahmed Farouk 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine disorder where the body does not either produce enough insulin or has a resistance to the circulating insulin, and is characterized by high blood sugar levels over prolonged periods. DM is a growing global health issue. In 2000, DM affected an estimated 171 million people in the whole world increased on 2011 to more than 366 million people and expected to be more than 552 million by 2030.

Aim of the Work
to correlate between HBA1C, carotid, peripheral and coronary artery disease in type II DM patients.

Patients and Methods
This is an observational study conducted at the coronary care unit & coronary catheterization lab unit of National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Egypt. Its aim was to correlate between HBA1C, carotid, peripheral and coronary artery disease in type II DM patients. 122 patients with eligible criteria were recruited to the study after signing consent. A full history was taken from every patient, a full clinical examination, 12 lead-ECG, Echocardiography, Carotid duplex, ABI measurement, HbA1C and Invasive non emergent coronary angiography were done.

Results
Data was collected, tabulated, and analyzed, which revealed that carotid IMT in patients with HbA1C &gt;7% was significantly higher than those with HbA1C&lt;7, HbA1C had a significant positive correlation with carotid IMT, ABI was significantly lower in patients with HbA1C&gt;7% compared to those with HbA1C&lt;7%, ABI had a significant negative correlation with carotid IMT, Number of diseased coronary vessels was significantly higher in patients with higher HbA1C &gt;7% compared to those with HbA1C&gt;7%, ABI had a significant negative correlation with number of diseased coronary vessels and IMT had a significant positive correlation with number of diseased coronary vessels in patients with higher HbA1C &gt;7% with no significant correlation in those with HbA1C&lt;7%, HbA1C can significantly predict peripheral artery disease and carotid atherosclerosis.

Conclusion
HbA1C correlates significantly with Carotid atherosclerosis, PAD and CAD severity based on number of diseased coronary vessels in uncontrolled TIIDM patients. Also, PAD and carotid atherosclerosis correlate significantly with CAD severity based on number of diseased coronary vessels in uncontrolled TIIDM patients. Also, PAD correlates significantly with carotid atherosclerosis in uncontrolled TIIDM patients. HbA1C can significantly predict carotid artery disease and PAD.
Effectiveness of cupping and aversion therapies as adjuvant methods for smoking cessation
Authors: Saeed Adel M , Mohammed Rehab M , Abdel Salama Mohammed Ayman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Tobacco addiction affects both the mind and the body. Most people find that a mix of medicine, a strategy to change personal habits, and emotional support is the most effective way to quit. The aim of the work was to compare between the effectiveness of cupping therapy and aversion therapy as adjuvant methods in smoking cessation program.

Patients and methods
A prospective randomized study was done on 60 smokers recruited from Ain Shams University Hospitals who were divided into three groups. Group I : included 20 participants subjected to counseling only (the five A’S); Group II : included 20 participants subjected to counseling and aversion therapy using onion-powdered cigarettes by mixing tobacco with dried onion powder by an equal amount; Group III: included 20 participants subjected to counseling and a monthly bloodletting cupping session for 3 consecutive months, follow up visits were conducted every 2 weeks for 3 months to assess outcome and withdrawal symptoms.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference (p value &gt;0.05) between the success rate in the three different groups. The success rate of quitting was the same among smokers in group I and group III ( complete success 10% and partial success 10%), while the success rate of quitting among smokers in group II was ( complete success 0% and partial success 15%). There were significant statistical correlations (P &lt; 0.05) found between the outcome and the age, occupation, duration and pack/year smoking, while there was insignificant statistical difference (P &lt; 0.05) between the outcome and marital status, comorbidities and previous quitting attempts. There was no significant difference between three groups in the frequency of withdrawal symptoms during follow up visits, while there was significant statistic reduction in frequency of dizziness, headache and fatigue between follow up visits in the three groups, weight gain increased during follow up visits.

Conclusion
Using adjuvant methods like aversion and bloodletting cupping therapy in smoking cessation programs doesn’t seem to produce significant change in success rate of quitting smoking.
Evaluation of Intralesional Injection of Combined Furosemide and Digoxin Formula In Genital Warts
Authors: Muhammad Ghada Fathy , Hassan Samah Ibrahim , Radwan Tarek Nabil , Ibrahim Salama Ahmed Mohamed Reda Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
External genital warts (EGWs) are benign epidermal growths on the anogenital regions, which can occur in both women and men. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). More than 90% of cases of anogenital warts are caused by HPV types 6 and 11.There are several different ways to treat genital warts with varying degrees of success. However, till now no definitive treatment has emerged as the ideal standard of care in the treatment of genital warts and this has developed the need for new ways and modalities to help manage genital warts more efficiently.

Objective
To evaluate and verify efficacy, safety and tolerability of intralesional ionic anti-viral injection of combined furosemide and digoxin in treatment of multiple resistant genital warts.

Patients and Methods
This study included 30 patients divided into 2 groups, 15 patients each, the study group received intralesional injection of combined digoxin and furosemide, one injection every week for maximum 5 injection sessions (5 weeks). 0.3 ml of combined digoxin and furosemide solution was slowly injected into the base of each wart with maximum 5 warts in the session, and the other group received intralesional saline as a control group.

Results
Both groups demonstrated insignificant differences regarding all demographic characteristics (age, sex, size of warts before treatment, number of warts before treatment and number of sessions) as well as duration of disease. The treatment used in this study was safe and tolerable with no systemic exposure with regards to the cardiac system (by ECG before and after treatment). Future studies are recommended on larger number of the patients with multiple genital warts. It might be helpful to try increasing the number of treatment sessions, increasing the number of warts treated per session, decreasing the interval between the sessions or increasing the concentration of the active treatment.

Conclusion
Intralesional injection of combined digoxin and furosemide wasn’t effective intreatment of genital warts.
Effect of Corona Virus on Olfactory & Gustatory Functions (Systematic Review Study)
Authors: Sabra Reda Mohamed , Hamdy Tarek Abdel-Hamid , Mohamed Mohammed Nagiub , Abdel Hadi Farag Abdel Hadi Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Because of the rapid spreading of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) infection, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was characterized as a pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020.

Materials and Methods
Following the PRISMA statement guidelines, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis according to the Cochrane handbook of systematic reviews of intervention. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct till December 2021 with relevant keywords. We included the whole clinical studies assessing olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunctions (OGD) in patients with COVID-19, studies including patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by a positive result of RT-PCR were included, studies that assessed the OGD by either subjective evaluation were also included, studies written in English languages only, all of the studies must have been written in English as a full-text manuscript, double or single-arm designs.

Results
A total of 12 studies were finally included for the final qualitative and quantitative analysis illustrating the association and the relationship between COVID-19 infection and olfactory and gustatory functions. The mean age of the participants was 49.12 years. The pooled analysis of the included studies showed a significant association of positive results between OGD and COVID-19 infection. Also, the analysis showed a significant association of positive results between either isolated olfactory or gustatory dysfunction and COVID-19 infection. Regarding the association between gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients versus (Acute respiratory infection) ARI patients with no detectable virus, the analysis showed a significant difference between COVID-19 patients and ARI patients with no detectable virus regarding the gustatory dysfunction meaning there is a high association between gustatory dysfunction and COVID-19 patients other than ARI patients with no detectable virus. Finally, the pooled analysis of the included studies showed a significant difference between COVID-19 patients and ARI patients with other respiratory viruses (ORV) in terms of OGD.

Conclusion
Based on the available evidence, there are regional and chronological differences in the prevalence rates of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. Future studies, particularly those that document the temporal relationship in the onset of these 2 symptoms, are needed.
Comparative Study between Vascularized Flap and Free Graft in CSF Rhinorrhoea (success rate): Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Qamar Elsharnoby Mohamed Mohamed , Abdelazem Elbegrmy Marwa Mohamed , Mohamed Mohamed Naguib , Abdeltawab Amer Mohamed Mohamed Abdelraouf 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
CSF rhinorrhea refers to CSF leakage into the nasal cavity. Most commonly, CSF enters the nasal cavity through defects in the anterior skull base. CSF leak is a serious condition occurring spontaneously or as a result of increased ICP, head trauma, surgery, neoplastic invasion, inflammatory erosion of the skull base, or congenital malformations.

Objective
Our meta-analysis study is to compare between free grafts and prdicled nasal flaps in repairing CSF rhinorrhea regarding success rate, complications, operative time and hospital stay.

Methodology
The total number of patients in all the included studies was 524 patients; 339 in the free graft group and 185 in the vascularized flap group.

Results
Our meta-analysis study showed that success rate in free graft group was 88.5%, while, in vascularized flap group was 93% and the complications rate in free graft group was 39%, while, in vascularized flap group was 39.3%. The result of our meta-analysis showed no significant difference between free grafts and vascularized nasal flaps in reconstruction of skull base in CSF rhinorrhea regarding success rate and complications rate.

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2021.

Conclusion
We found no significant difference between free grafts and vascularized nasal flaps in reconstruction of skull base in CSF rhinorrhea regarding success rate and complications rate. Choosing between them depends on the surgeon’s experience and the location and the size of the defect.
Detecting Aspiration Risk in Stroke Patients Using the Water Swallow Test (WST)
Authors: Bassiouny Samia El Sayed , Mohamed Ahmed Aya Adel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The 3-ounce water swallow test (WST) is a widely used method during clinical (bed side) examination for screening of individuals who are at risk for oropharyngeal dysphagia and aspiration. Stroke represents the most frequent cause of neurological dysphagia.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to detect the risk of aspiration in stroke patients using the 3-ounce water swallow test.

Patients and Method
This study included 40 stroke patients recruited from the Phoniatrics unit of Ain Shams University Hospitals. They were subjected to history taking, clinical assessment and the 3-ounce WST.

Results
The results of the 3-ounce Water Swallow Test showed that 18 (45%) patients had a positive test.

Conclusion
Almost half of participants are at risk of aspiration.
Value of Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma in Management of Hypotensive Polytrauma Patients – A Meta-Analysis
Authors: El-Shafeay Mahmoud , Omran Hisham , Hanafy Dina Mohamed , Adly Awad Philobater Bahgat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Severe or major trauma is a worldwide pandemic and one of the leading causes of death and disability. Polytrauma always involves young, productive individuals and represents a substantial burden on the society Management of Trauma injuries generally emphasizes the importance of identifying and prioritizing the most serious life-threatening injuries and managing them. Management consists of a rapid primary survey, resuscitation of vital functions, a more detailed secondary survey, and, finally, the initiation of definitive care. Damage-control surgery has increasing role as it proves reliability in the most sensitive situations.

Objective
To assess the Value of focused assessment with sonography for management of hypotensive polytrauma patients.

Patients and Methods
All trials about the usage include participants who came to ER due to polytrauma with blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma or with undifferentiated shock, randomized controlled trials and prospective or retrospective cohort studies that assess the value of focused sonography in hypotensive polytrauma patients.

Results
The value of an odds ratio like that of other measures of test performance for example sensitivity and specificity and likelihood ratios depends on prevelance. For example, a test with pooled diagnostic odds ratio of 10.00 is considered to be very good by current standards, therefore pooled diagnostic odds ratio of 77.46 which is considered to be very good. Spearman correlation coefficient:-0.429 with p value 0.397 which is insignificant so, there was low threshold effect Positive and negative Likelihood ratio both are done on six studies with positive likelihood ratio is 21.27 and negative likelihood ratio is 0.29 sensitivity and specificity are done on the six studies with pooled sensitivity is 0.73 and pooled specificity is 0.98.

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2022.

Conclusion
FAST is significant in polytrauma patients especially in hypotensive patients with considerable accuracy rate 77.46 and good pooled sensitivity with 0.73 and pooled specificity with 0.98 and good ROC curve with are under the curve 0.70.
Role of Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Decision Making for Surgical Management of Cancer Stomach
Authors: Sayed Hassan Mohamed Salah Emam , Elfiky Khaled Abdallah , Abdalla Ashraf Kamal , Azmy Aly M , Hamed Mohammed Abdalmegeed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. In Egypt, gastric cancer is the 12th most common cancer. The incidence rises with age and 55% of cases occur between 50 and 70 years of age. The complete resection partial or total gastrectomy is based on tumor location, stage, histology, and surgical margins. The extent of regional lymphadenectomy required has been a matter of debate. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy could increase the curative resection rate, improve the tumor down staging possibilities.

Aim of Work
assess the role of the neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for surgical management of gastric cancer patients.

Patients and Methods
A prospective analysis of sixty patients with ranging age (18-60 years) who are diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma, received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy patients with minimal follow up 16 months, treated at the upper gastro-intestinal surgeries unit, Ain Shams University Hospitals. Primary end points include assessing overall survival, R0 resection rate, local recurrence, rate of pathological complete response.

Results
Patients aged (22-60 years old), mean age 46.67 ±12.76, the median DFS was 6 months, the mean OS is 26.3 months, recorded 1 year, 2 years OS rate was 75.8% and 67.9% respectively. However, the median OS was not reached.

Conclusion
This study favors the idea of Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy usage prior to surgical intervention in multiple stages of gastric cancer. However, there were other studies that questions its role and demand a reconsideration about the clinical outcome which require further investigation.
Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion after Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Mohamed , Eskandros Moheb Shoraby , Benjamine Fady Makram , Abdelmanaam Ayman Hosam edeen , Abdel Galil Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Portomesenteric vein thrombosis (PMVT) is a potentially severe complication that can occur after bariatric surgery. PMVT has gained importance because of the increasing number of bariatric surgeries being performed

Aim and Objectives
The main aim of this study was to assess how to investigate and manage the complications of the mesenteric vascular occlusion as well as to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients undergoing bariatric surgery and the association of this surgical procedure and mesenteric vascular occlusion.

Subjects and Methods
This meta-analysis obtained 295 articles from PubMed, 603 articles from Scopus, 1 article from Cochrane library and 444 from web of science. 509 duplicated articles were removed using Endnote X8 program (Tompson Reuter, USA), 834 articles manually underwent titles and Abstracts screening and 247 articled underwent full-text review. 35 studies finally met our inclusion criteria.

Results
A total of thirty two studies reported the incidence of porto-mesenteric thrombosis with a total number of 41438 underwent different techniques of bariatric surgery. The overall incidence of porto-mesenteric thrombosis was 0.3% [OR = 0.003, (95% CI = 0.002: 0.004). Most of the studies were consistent in reporting an incidence rate nearby by 0.3% except few studies which reported higher incidence rate.

Conclusion
PMVT is a rare presentation after LSG, which requires early diagnosis and management. Conservative management through anticoagulants and thrombolytic therapy is quite effective and, if indicated, should always be considered as the primary treatment option.