bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More Than Two Koreas: Cultural Intersection and Chinese Korean Musicians in Contemporary South Korean Music Scenes
Authors: Koo Sunhee 
Published: January 2015

On 23 June 2011, the Seongnam Municipal Troupe of Korean Traditional Performing Arts (hereafter, Seongnam Municipal Troupe) presented its twenty-eighth concert, entitled Hana toenŭn kyŭre ŭi ŭmak (Unifying Korean national music). The South Korean government has designated June as a month of commemoration for the nation's patriots and veterans. As many government troupes in South Korea would do in June, the Seongnam Municipal Troupe dedicated its regular concert series to the remembrance of national heroes, cherishing their patriotism and sacrifice. As stated in the concert programme, “this performance is put together to bless the people who died protecting their nation and to express compassion for the 10 million families separated between the two Koreas … wishing for the nation's reunion and unification in the near future” (Han 2011:2). In order to memorialize war victims and the tragedy of partition, the Seongnam Municipal Troupe was to showcase musical works selected from both North and South Korea. In the programme, Ch'oe Sang-hwa, guest director of the Troupe, remarked:Today's concert intends to draw a comparison between different musical constructions of North and South Korea … For the last sixty years, each Korea has developed its own version of chont'ong iimak [traditional or national music]. While South Korea has endeavoured to preserve the performance practices of traditional Korea under the growing influx of western music … instead of transmitting the old tradition as is, North Korea has newly created its own national music by inventing new instruments and developing a new vocal style with bright and clear sound colour … (Ch'oe 2011:3)
Análisis del papel de los maestros en el desarrollo de actividades de indagación en el practicum de primaria
Authors: Aragüés Ana , Gil Quílez María José , De la Gándara Milagros 
Published: January 2015

Resumen En este trabajo se examina el papel que juegan tres maestros en prácticas en la aplicación de actividades de indagación en Primaria y cómo influye en su desarrollo. Para ello se analizan las grabaciones en video de estos docentes durante una actividad desarrollada en su practicum, utilizando un sistema de categorías que tiene en cuenta: las fases didácticas como observación o planteamiento de hipótesis, las habilidades comunicativas como descripción o preguntas, y quién realiza la acción (maestro o alumno). Los resultados muestran que los maestros en prácticas encuentran dificultades ligadas a aspectos de: 1) estructuración de las secuencias didácticas; 2) planteamiento de preguntas; y 3) establecimiento de conclusiones que supongan una síntesis de los conceptos abordados.Abstract In this work we examine the role played by three trainee teachers during the implementation of inquiry-based activity in primary and how this role influences their development. To do so, the video recording of all their activities are analyzed, using a categories system which takes into account: the didactic phases such as observation or hypothesis, communication skills such as descriptions or questions, and who play the action (teacher or student). The results show that these trainee teacher encounter difficulties associated with aspects of: 1) structuring the didactic sequences; 2) raising questions; and 3) establishing final conclusions that involved a synthesis of the addressed concepts.
Caracterización del curriculum evaluado en matemática en sexto año básico. Un estudio descriptivo en Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Contreras Gloria 
Published: January 2015

Este artículo pretende dar cuenta de los	principales resultados de la investigación denominada Caracterización del curriculum evaluado en sexto año básico	en matemática: orientaciones para la formación inicial y	continua de profesores y profesoras, cuyo objetivo	principal fue describir y analizar lo que se evalúa y cómo	se evalúa en matemática en dicho nivel en la región de	Valparaíso, Chile. Se analizaron 103 pruebas escritas de	matemática conducentes a calificación, pertenecientes a 27	establecimientos educacionales. A dichas pruebas, y a sus	respectivas 2516 preguntas, se les aplicó un conjunto de	códigos referido tanto a aspectos formales como de	contenidos y habilidades matemáticas. Se concluye que	mayoritariamente se demanda del estudiante una respuesta	cerrada, única, en que se evalúa la memorización y	resolución de ejercicios de forma mecánica, y que el nivel	de cobertura del curriculum prescrito por el Ministerio de	Educación es bajo, encontrándose muchos contenidos y	habilidades matemáticas de niveles inferiores al sexto	básico.
Radial fast‐neutron fluence gradients during rotating40Ar/39Ar sample irradiation recorded with metallic fluence monitors and geological age standards
Authors: Rutte Daniel , Pfänder Jörg A. , Koleška Michal , Jonckheere Raymond , Unterricker Sepp 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCharacterizing the neutron‐irradiation parameter J is one of the major uncertainties in40Ar/39Ar dating. The associated uncertainty of the individual J‐value for a sample of unknown age depends on the accuracy of the age of the geological standards, the fast‐neutron fluence distribution in the reactor, and the distances between standards and samples during irradiation. While it is generally assumed that rotating irradiation evens out radial neutron fluence gradients, we observed axial and radial variations of the J‐values in sample irradiations in the rotating channels of two reactors. To quantify them, we included three‐dimensionally distributed metallic fast (Ni) and thermal‐ (Co) neutron fluence monitors in three irradiations and geological age standards in three more. Two irradiations were carried out under Cd shielding in the FRG1 reactor in Geesthacht, Germany, and four without Cd shielding in the LVR‐15 reactor in Řež, Czech Republic. The58Ni(nf,p)58Co activation reaction and γ‐spectrometry of the 811 keV peak associated with the subsequent decay of58Co to58Fe allow one to calculate the fast‐neutron fluence. The fast‐neutron fluences at known positions in the irradiation container correlate with the J‐values determined by mass‐spectrometric40Ar/39Ar measurements of the geological age standards. Radial neutron fluence gradients are up to 1.8 %/cm in FRG1 and up to 2.2 %/cm in LVR‐15; the corresponding axial gradients are up to 5.9 and 2.1 %/cm. We conclude that sample rotation might not always suffice to meet the needs of high‐precision dating and gradient monitoring can be crucial.
Global dust distribution from improved thin dust layer detection using A‐train satellite lidar observations
Authors: Luo Tao , Wang Zhien , Zhang Damao , Liu Xiaohong , Wang Yong , Yuan Renmin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA new dust detection algorithm was developed to take advantage of strong dust signals in the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) 532 nm perpendicular channel to more accurately identify optically thin dust layer boundaries. Layer mean particulate depolarization ratios and improved thin ice cloud detections by combining CALIPSO and CloudSat products were used to further refine the dust mask. Three year global mean results show that the new method detects dust occurrences of 0.12 and 0.028 below and above 4 km altitudes, while CALIPSO Level 2 products reported 0.07 and 0.012, respectively. The improvements are mainly in weak source and transporting regions, and the upper troposphere, where optically thin, but significant dust layers from the point of view of aerosol‐cloud interactions are dominated. The results can help us to better understand global dust transportation and dust‐cloud interactions and improve model simulations.
Possible shallow slow slip events in Hyuga‐nada, Nankai subduction zone, inferred from migration of very low frequency earthquakes
Authors: Asano Youichi , Obara Kazushige , Matsuzawa Takanori , Hirose Hitoshi , Ito Yoshihiro 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of a shallow very low frequency earthquake (sVLFE) swarm linked to the 2009/2010 long‐term slow slip event (SSE) in the Bungo channel, southwestern Japan. Broadband seismograms were analyzed using a cross‐correlation technique to detect sVLFEs having similar waveforms to template sVLFEs, and their relative locations were estimated. The sVLFEs exhibit clear migration over a distance of 150 km along the Nankai trough, similar to nonvolcanic tremors and deep very low frequency earthquakes (dVLFEs) accompanied by short‐term SSEs on the downward extension of the seismogenic zone. This similarity between sVLFEs and dVLFEs suggests that SSEs occur in both deeper and shallower extensions of the seismogenic zone. The analyzed sVLFEs were likely caused by a shallow SSE that occurred from January to March 2010 following the initiation and acceleration of the long‐term SSE. This temporal evolution may be caused by stress interaction between the shallow SSE and the long‐term SSE.
The effect of complex black carbon microphysics on the determination of the optical properties of brown carbon
Authors: Liu Dantong , Taylor Jonathan W. , Young Dominque E. , Flynn Michael J. , Coe Hugh , Allan James D. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAssessment of the impacts of brown carbon (BrC) requires accurate determination of its physical properties, but a model must be invoked to derive these from instrument data. Ambient measurements were made in London at a site influenced by traffic and solid fuel (principally wood) burning, apportioned by single particle soot photometer data and optical properties measured using multiwavelength photoacoustic spectroscopy. Two models were applied: a commonly used Mie model treating the particles as single‐coated spheres and a Rayleigh‐Debye‐Gans approximation treating them as aggregates of smaller‐coated monomers. The derived solid fuel BrC parameters at 405 nm were found to be highly sensitive to the model treatment, with a mass absorption cross section ranging from 0.47 to 1.81 m2/g and imaginary refractive index from 0.013 to 0.062. This demonstrates that a detailed knowledge of particle morphology must be obtained and invoked to accurately parameterize BrC properties based on aerosol phase measurements.
Hydrologic versus geomorphic drivers of trends in flood hazard
Authors: Slater Louise J. , Singer Michael Bliss , Kirchner James W. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFlooding is a major hazard to lives and infrastructure, but trends in flood hazard are poorly understood. The capacity of river channels to convey flood flows is typically assumed to be stationary, so changes in flood frequency are thought to be driven primarily by trends in streamflow. We have developed new methods for separately quantifying how trends in both streamflow and channel capacity have affected flood frequency at gauging sites across the United States Flood frequency was generally nonstationary, with increasing flood hazard at a statistically significant majority of sites. Changes in flood hazard driven by channel capacity were smaller, but more numerous, than those driven by streamflow. Our results demonstrate that accurately quantifying changes in flood hazard requires accounting separately for trends in both streamflow and channel capacity. They also show that channel capacity trends may have unforeseen consequences for flood management and for estimating flood insurance costs.
Recent global warming hiatus dominated by low‐latitude temperature trends in surface and troposphere data
Authors: Gleisner Hans , Thejll Peter , Christiansen Bo , Nielsen Johannes K. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractOver the last 15 years, global mean surface temperatures exhibit only weak trends. Recent studies have attempted to attribute this so called temperature hiatus to several causes, amongst them incomplete sampling of the rapidly warming Arctic region. We here examine zonal mean temperature trends in satellite‐based tropospheric data sets (based on data from (Advanced) Microwave Sounding Unit and Global Navigation Satellite System Radio Occultation instruments) and in global surface temperatures (HadCRUT4). Omission of successively larger polar regions from the global mean temperature calculations, in both tropospheric and surface data sets, shows that data gaps at high latitudes cannot explain the observed differences between the hiatus and the prehiatus period. Instead, the dominating causes of the global temperature hiatus are found at low latitudes. The combined use of several independent data sets, representing completely different measurement techniques and sampling characteristics, strengthens the conclusions.
First lidar observation of the mesospheric nickel layer
Authors: Collins R. L. , Li J. , Martus C. M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractGround‐based resonance lidar has been used to detect the mesospheric nickel (Ni) layer. The Ni layer is detected through absorption in the 3d8(3F)4s2 → 3d9(2D)4p transition at 337.1 nm and reemission in both the 3d9(2D)4p → 3d8(3F)4s2and 3d9(2D)4p → 3d9(2D)4s transitions at 337.1 and 339.4 nm, respectively. Results from wintertime lidar observations on two nights (27–28 November and 20–21 December 2012) at Chatanika, Alaska (65°N, 147°W), are presented. The wintertime Ni layer has a peak concentration of 1.6 × 104 cm−3at 87 km, with a column abundance of 2.7 × 1010 cm−2, centroid height of 88 km, and root‐mean‐square width of 6.4 km. The midwinter abundance of mesospheric iron (Fe) at Chatanika is 3.4 × 1010 cm−2, indicating a ratio of Fe to Ni of 1.2 in the upper atmosphere. This is significantly lower than the value of 18 for the ratio of Fe to Ni in chondrite meteorites.
The effect of electron and ion temperature on the refractive index surface of 1–10 kHz whistler mode waves in the inner magnetosphere
Authors: Kulkarni P. , Gołkowski M. , Inan U. S. , Bell T. F. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWhistler mode waves in the magnetosphere play an important role in the energy dynamics of the Earth's radiation belts. Previous theoretical work has been extended to include ions in the fully adiabatic warm plasma theory. Using a finite electron and ion temperature of 1 eV, refractive index surfaces are calculated for 1–10 kHz whistler mode waves in the inner magnetosphere (L ≲ 2.5). For the frequencies of interest, a finite ion temperature is found to have a greater effect on the refractive index surface than the electron temperature and the primary effect is to close an otherwise open refractive index surface. Including a finite ion temperature is especially important when the wave frequency is just above the local lower hybrid resonance frequency. For wave frequencies more than ∼1 kHz above the local lower hybrid resonance frequency, including the ion temperature has a negligible effect on the refractive index surface calculation. The results are used to assess previous conclusions on whether in situ whistler mode sources can be realistically used to precipitate energetic electrons. It is found that the number of in situ sources needed to illuminate the inner plasmasphere (L≲2.5) with whistler mode energy may be greater than previously predicted.
On a possible connection between the longitudinally propagating near‐Earth plasma sheet and auroral arc waves: A reexamination
Authors: Motoba T. , Ohtani S. , Donovan E. F. , Angelopoulos V. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAzimuthally propagating low‐frequency waves (or wavy structures) often occur in a localized region of the near‐Earth plasma sheet and auroral arc immediately prior to auroral breakup. Although both are believed to be magnetospheric and ionospheric manifestations of a plasma sheet instability that may lead to substorm onset, the fundamental coupling processes behind their relationship are not yet understood. To address this question, we reexamined in detail a fortuitous conjunction event of prebreakup near‐Earth plasma sheet and auroral arc waves, initially reported by Uritsky et al. (2009) using the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms space‐ground observations. The event exhibited a morphological one‐to‐one association between longitudinally propagating arc wave (LPAW) in the ionosphere and Pi2/Pc4 range wave activity in the plasma sheet. Our analysis revealed that (1) the LPAW was the periodic luminosity modulation of the growth phase arc by faint, diffuse, green line‐dominated auroral patches propagating westward along/near the arc, rather than some type of small‐scale arc structuring, such as auroral beads/rays/undulations; and (2) the plasma sheet wave, which had a diamagnetic nature, propagated duskward with accompanying coincident modulation of field‐aligned fluxes of 0.1–30 keV electrons. These findings suggest that the LPAW was likely connected to the plasma sheet wave via modulated diffuse precipitation of hard plasma sheet electrons (> ~1 keV), not via filamentary field‐aligned currents, as expected from the ballooning instability regime. Another potential implication is that such prebreakup low‐frequency wave activity in the near‐Earth plasma sheet is not necessarily guaranteed to initiate prebreakup auroral arc structuring.
Structure and origins of the Weddell Sea Anomaly from tidal and planetary wave signatures in FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC observations and GAIA GCM simulations
Authors: Chang Loren C. , Liu Huixin , Miyoshi Yasunobu , Chen Chia‐Hung , Chang Fu‐Yuan , Lin Chien‐Hung , Liu Jann‐Yenq , Sun Yan‐Yi 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe Weddell Sea Anomaly (WSA) is a recurrent feature of the austral summer midlatitude ionosphere where electron densities are observed to maximize during the local nighttime. In this study, tidal decomposition is applied to FORMOSAT‐3 (Formosa Satellite)/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) total electron content (TEC) and electron density observations between 2007 and 2012 to quantify the components dominating local time and spatial variation in the WSA region. Our results present some of the first three‐dimensional spaceborne analyses of the WSA from a tidal perspective over multiple years. We find that the features of the WSA can be reconstructed as the result of superposition between the dominant diurnal standing (D0), eastward wave number 1 (DE1), westward wave number 2 (DW2), and stationary planetary wave 1 (SPW1) components in TECs, producing the characteristic midnight WSA peak. The D0, DE1, DW2, and SPW1 components are found to be an interannually recurring feature of the southern midlatitude to high‐latitude ionosphere during the summer, manifesting as enhancements in electron density around 300 km altitude of the summer middle to high magnetic latitudes. The phases of the aforementioned nonmigrating diurnal signatures in electron density in this region are near evanescent, suggesting in situ generation, rather than upward propagation from below. However, the SPW1 signature shows some signs of an eastward tilt with altitude, suggesting possible downward propagation. The relation of these components to possible generation via in situ photoionization or plasma transport along magnetic field lines is also discussed using results from the Ground‐to‐topside model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA) general circulation model (GCM), connecting the tidal interpretation of the WSA to previously examined generation mechanisms.
An objective algorithm for estimating maximum oceanic mixed layer depth using seasonality indices derived from Argo temperature/salinity profiles
Authors: Chen Ge , Yu Fangjie 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn this study, we propose a new algorithm for estimating the annual maximum mixed layer depth (M2LD) analogous to a full range of local “ventilation” depth, and corresponding to the deepest surface to which atmospheric influence can be “felt.” Two “seasonality indices” are defined, respectively, for temperature and salinity through Fourier analysis of their time series using Argo data, on the basis of which a significant local minimum of the index corresponding to a maximum penetration depth can be identified. A final M2LD is then determined by maximizing the thermal and haline effects. Unlike most of the previous schemes which use arbitrary thresholds or subjective criteria, the new algorithm is objective, robust, and property adaptive provided a significant periodic geophysical forcing such as annual cycle is available. The validity of our methodology is confirmed by the spatial correlation of the tropical dominance of saline effect (mainly related to rainfall cycle) and the extratropical dominance of thermal effect (mainly related to solar cycle). It is also recognized that the M2LD distribution is characterized by the coexistence of basin‐scale zonal structures and eddy‐scale local patches. In addition to the fundamental buoyancy forcing caused mainly by latitude‐dependent solar radiation, the impressive two‐scale pattern is found to be primarily attributable to (1) large‐wave climate due to extreme winds (large scale) and (2) systematic eddy shedding as a result of persistent winds (mesoscale). Moreover, a general geographical consistency and a good quantitative agreement are found between the new algorithm and those published in the literature. However, a major discrepancy in our result is the existence of a constantly deeper M2LD band compared with other results in the midlatitude oceans of both hemispheres. Given the better correspondence of our M2LDs with the depth of the oxygen saturation limit, it is argued that there might be a systematic underestimation with existing criteria in these regions. Our results demonstrate that the M2LD may serve as an integrated proxy for studying the coherent multidisciplinary variabilities of the coupled ocean–atmosphere system.
Ground‐based measurement of fluorescent aerosol particles in Tokyo in the spring of 2013: Potential impacts of nonbiological materials on autofluorescence measurements of airborne particles
Authors: Miyakawa T. , Kanaya Y. , Taketani F. , Tabaru M. , Sugimoto N. , Ozawa Y. , Takegawa N. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe present results from the observation of fluorescent (FL) aerosols in Tokyo in the spring of 2013. Ambient aerosol particles were analyzed using a single‐particle laser‐induced fluorescence instrument. The fluorescent emission from a single particle excited by a pulsed UV laser (excitation wavelength of 263 nm) was detected by three photomultiplier tubes with band‐pass filters (fluorescence wavelength of 335–379, 420–500, and 500–600 nm). Fluorescence patterns from single particles were analyzed for investigating fluorophores and their sources using backward trajectory analysis, factor analysis, and a comparison with other tracer observations. The backward trajectory analysis suggested possible influences of long‐range transport from northern China in some cases. Observed supermicron FL aerosols were classified into two types: combustion‐ and dust‐type particles. The detection of combustion‐type FL aerosols, which showed temporal variations similar to nitrogen oxides and elemental carbon, implied the presence of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives. Dust‐type FL aerosols, which were well correlated with the lidar‐derived dust‐aerosol optical depth near the surface (<1 km) and with mineral ions, were dominant in the supermicron size range. The number concentrations of coarse FL aerosols (≥2 µm), with which nonnegligible levels of fluorescence were recorded in all three channels, increased during Asian dust events (relative to a local dust event). It is suggested that PAHs and/or biological materials mixed with dust particles were transported from the North China Plain to the outflow region in East Asia during the observation period. Moreover, the autofluorescence measurement of airborne particles can be substantially affected by nonbiological materials in this region.