bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of intentional bioprosthetic valve fracture in the tricuspid position
Authors: Hagel Jonathon A. , Lin C. Huie , Qureshi Athar M. , Tanase Daniel , Eicken Andreas , Zampi Jeffrey D. , Cabalka Allison K. , Anderson Jason , Shahanavaz Shabana 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundTranscatheter tricuspid valve‐in‐valve (ViV) replacement has yielded good hemodynamic outcomes in the treatment of dysfunctional bioprosthetic valves (BPVs). Intentional fracture of certain rigid BPV frames, if feasible, allows a larger implanted valve when compared with implant into an unfractured BPV. There remains limited data on the feasibility of tricuspid valve frame fracture.AimsEvaluate the feasibility of transcatheter tricuspid ViV replacement with fracture of the underlying BPV ring.MethodsAn international multicenter registry of tricuspid ViV replacement with intentional tricuspid valve frame fracture was created. Demographic data along with procedural characteristics, outcomes, and follow‐up data were collected. Comparison was made to the pre‐ and post‐ViV replacement with fracture of the tricuspid valve frame conditions.ResultsTen patients from six centers were included with a median age and weight of 29 years and 67.3 kg respectively. Tricuspid valve frame fracture was performed using a median balloon diameter 3 mm (IQR 3–5) larger than the true inner diameter (ID). The final ID was a mean of 1.5 mm (95% CI: 0.35, 2.64: p < 0.05), and median 1.1 mm (0.5, 2.1) larger than the reported true ID of the surgical BPV after ViV replacement. The mean tricuspid inflow gradient by echocardiogram decreased by 6.65 mmHg (95% CI: 4.14, 9.15: p < 0.001). All procedures were without complication, specifically there was no heart block, pericardial effusion, or right coronary disruption.ConclusionIntentional tricuspid valve frame fracture with tricuspid ViV replacement is feasible and can increase the valve orifice potentially reducing the risk of ViV patient prosthesis mismatch and is not associated with significant complications.
Solving a diagnostic dilemma in a patient with periodic fever—When the pieces of the puzzle finally fit
Authors: Shukla Vanita , Sarabjit Singh Virendra R. S. , Ranghell Cara , Ramgoolam Celine , Solomon Nicole S. , Ramcharitar‐Maharaj Vidya , Persad Christophe , Davis‐King Keisha 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe lack of pediatric subspecialists locally prior to 5 years ago, meant that some of our patients with rare, relapsing conditions were left behind. Familial Mediterranean fever can be diagnosed clinically and supported via genetic panel studies. Although neurological symptoms can be non‐specific, this system symptomatology may lead patients and carers to seek medical attention. When neurological symptoms progress, seemingly refractory to first‐line treatment, or suggestive of colchicine resistance, CNS demyelination should be considered by the neurologist.AbstractFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited disorder with episodic fevers accompanied by pain in the abdomen, joints, or chest. It is a clinical entity that can be confirmed with a specific genetic mutation. Neurological symptoms have not been a focal point in clinical case descriptions. We aim to present the long road to diagnosing our patient, where the diagnostic clues centered around her neurological symptoms.
Surface Modifications of Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for Photocatalytic Conversion of CO2 by H2O as the Electron Donor
Authors: Nakamoto Takechi , Iguchi Shoji , Naniwa Shimpei , Tanaka Tsunehiro , Teramura Kentaro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe photocatalytic conversion of CO2 using H2O over heterogeneous photocatalysts has attracted worldwide attention because it enables direct solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion. However, further development of this technology requires solutions to overcome the low formation rates of CO2 reduction products and their insufficient selectivity, mainly caused by the rapid charge recombination of photogenerated electron/hole pairs, competition for thermodynamically preferential H2 evolution from H2O, and the relatively low concentration of CO2 on the surface of the photocatalysts. Surface modification of heterogeneous photocatalysts is crucial for improving their formation rates and selectivity. This review article introduces four strategies for designing photocatalyst surfaces for the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 by H2O: (I) loading of an Ag cocatalyst, (II) utilisation of cocatalysts for H2O oxidation, (III) suppression of undesired H2 evolution, and (IV) loading of basic materials for CO2 adsorption. The strategies introduced in this review successfully enhanced the formation rates of the products and/or their selectivity in the heterogeneous photocatalytic conversion of CO2 by H2O.
A Double Helicene with Quadruple Indole‐Fused Skeleton and Double NBN‐Type Cove‐Edged Structure†
Authors: Chen Lingjuan , Dong Jiaqi , Tan Dehui , Wu Jianfeng , Yang Deng‐Tao 
Published: August 2024

Comprehensive SummaryConstruction of helicenes by inducing heteroatoms has regarded as an effective strategy to enhance the chiroptical properties. We report a facile synthesis of a multiple helicene based on four indoles with two electron‐rich NBN‐coved edges. The structure of the NBN‐coved multiple helicene was confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, revealing a twisted double [5]helicene motif with a saddle‐shaped skeleton. This NBN‐coved helicene showed strong green fluorescence with good photoluminescence quantum yield. Both theoretical calculations and experimental investigation have been exploited to probe the impact of electron‐rich NBN units on aromaticity and photophysical properties of the helicene.
Robust change point detection for high‐dimensional linear models with tolerance for outliers and heavy tails
Authors: Yang Zhi , Zhang Liwen , Sun Siyu , Liu Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on detecting change points in high‐dimensional linear regression models with piecewise constant regression coefficients, moving beyond the conventional reliance on strict Gaussian or sub‐Gaussian noise assumptions. In the face of real‐world complexities, where noise often deviates into uncertain or heavy‐tailed distributions, we propose two tailored algorithms: a dynamic programming algorithm (DPA) for improved localization accuracy, and a binary segmentation algorithm (BSA) optimized for computational efficiency. These solutions are designed to be flexible, catering to increasing sample sizes and data dimensions, and offer a robust estimation of change points without requiring specific moments of the noise distribution. The efficacy of DPA and BSA is thoroughly evaluated through extensive simulation studies and application to real datasets, showing their competitive edge in adaptability and performance.
Development of Magnetic Nanosystems with Potential for the Treatment of Inner Ear Pathologies
Authors: Julia Martín María , Schneider María Gabriela Montiel , Paolillo Giuliana , Homero Sánchez Francisco , Lo Fiego Marcos , Spitzmaul Guillermo , Lassalle Verónica 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHearing loss (HL) affects more than 5 % of the global population, with projections indicating an impact of up to 50 % on young individuals in the next years. HL treatments remain limited due to the inner ear's hermeticism. HL often involves inflammatory processes, underscoring the need for enhanced delivery of antiinflammatory agents to the inner ear. Our research focuses on the development of a directed therapy based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). We previously synthesized biocompatible folic acid‐coated iron oxide‐core nanoparticles (MNPs@FA) as potential carriers for the anti‐inflammatory Diclofenac (Dfc). This study aims to incorporate Dfc onto MNPs@FA to facilitate targeted drug delivery to the inner ear. Through optimizing the loading procedure, we achieved optimal loading capacity. Dfc release was studied in the simulated target fluid and the administration vehicle. Complete characterization is also shown. In vitro biocompatibility testing ensured the biosafety of the resulting formulation. Subsequent ex vivo targeting assays on murine cochleae validated the nanosystems’ ability to penetrate the round window membrane, one of the main HL therapy barriers. These findings serve as validation before continuing to more complex in vivo studies. Together, the data here presented represent an advancement in addressing unmet medical needs in HL therapy.
A low stress, high voltage, switched capacitor and active switched inductor DC‐DC converter
Authors: Reza Motiur , Kumar Avneet , Xuewei Pan 
Published: August 2024

SummaryA novel, high voltage gain, non‐isolated, non‐coupled DC‐DC converter is proposed for applications such as PV systems, HEV, aerospace, and so forth. The proposed converter consists of two active switches in parallel, which are turned on and off simultaneously, two inductors in parallel and switched capacitors arrangements. During charging, both the inductor comes in parallel with voltage source and effectively reduces the ripple current and inductor size. These factors attribute to the lower power loss and low cost. The voltage stress of the switches is at least 5 times lower than the output voltage, which allows the use of low switches. The voltage stresses of the diodes are also at least 2.5 times lower than the output voltage, which enables to use low forward voltage drop diodes, and hence, the total power loss due to diode will be further reduced. Lower capacitors' stress also results in reduced parasitics. The detailed steady‐state analysis of the proposed converter and its comparison with the existing converters are presented. The efficiency of the proposed converter is highest. The hardware prototype of 325 W is implemented to boost the voltage by 18 times, and results are presented. The closed‐loop analysis of the proposed converter is also carried out. The maximum efficiency of the proposed converter is reported 96% for 100 W and 93% for 300 W.
Long‐term efficacy and safety of cannabidiol in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex: 3‐year results from the cannabidiol expanded access program
Authors: Weinstock Arie , Bebin E. Martina , Checketts Daniel , Clark Gary D. , Szaflarski Jerzy P. , Seltzer Laurie E. , Thiele Elizabeth A. , Sahebkar Farhad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe cannabidiol (CBD) Expanded Access Program provided compassionate access to CBD for patients with treatment‐resistant epilepsy, including tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), at 35 US epilepsy centers. Here, we present the long‐term efficacy and safety outcomes for add‐on CBD treatment in patients with TSC.MethodsPatients received plant‐derived, highly purified CBD (Epidiolex® 100 mg/mL, oral solution), increasing from 2 to 10 mg/kg/d to tolerance or maximum of 25–50 mg/kg/d. Efficacy endpoints were percentage change from baseline in median monthly convulsive, focal, and total seizure frequency and ≥ 50%, ≥75%, and 100% responder rates across 12‐week visit windows through 144 weeks. Adverse events (AEs) are reported through 233 weeks.ResultsThirty‐four patients with confirmed TSC were included. Mean age was 12.4 years (range, 1.8–31.2), and patients were receiving a median of 3 (range, 1–7) antiseizure medications (ASMs) at baseline. Median CBD dose was 25–28 mg/kg/d for 36 weeks and then 20–50 mg/kg/d through 228 weeks. Dose reduction from baseline occurred for most ASMs, except topiramate. Median reduction in the frequency of convulsive, focal, and total seizures was 44%–81%, 51%–87%, and 44%–87%, respectively, through 144 weeks. Responder rates (≥50%, ≥75%, and 100% reduction) were 43%–71%, 14%–58%, and 0%–25% for convulsive seizures; 52%–75%, 35%–60%, and 7%–32% for focal seizures; and 46%–79%, 26%–65%, and 0%–13% for total seizures. A total of 94% of patients experienced ≥1 AE; 47% had serious AEs, considered treatment unrelated by the investigator. Treatment‐related AEs (TRAEs) occurred in 71% of patients. The most frequently reported TRAEs were somnolence, diarrhea, and ataxia. Two patients experienced AEs leading to discontinuation. There were no deaths.SignificanceLong‐term add‐on CBD use was associated with reduced seizure frequency through 144 weeks. The safety profile was consistent with previous reports.Plain Language SummaryIn this study, we evaluated efficacy and safety of cannabidiol (CBD) treatment in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex receiving CBD in addition to other antiseizure treatments in an Expanded Access Program. After starting CBD, 46%–79% of patients had at least 50% reduction and 26%–65% had at least 75% reduction in the number of seizures per month; up to 13% had no seizures through 144 weeks. Safety results were similar to prior studies; sleepiness and diarrhea were common treatment‐related side effects. These results show that long‐term CBD treatment was associated with fewer seizures and mild/moderate side effects.
Hepatoprotective effect of astaxanthin against cholestasis liver fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation in adult Wistar rats
Authors: Laderian Azadeh , Ghasemi Maedeh , Mortazavi Pejman , Mousavi Zahra , Ale‐Ebrahim Mahsa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of astaxanthin, a natural carotenoid, against the cholestatic liver fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). Toward this end, male rats were subjected to BDL and treated with astaxanthin for 35 days. Afterwards, their serum and liver biochemical factors were assessed. Also, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to determine the fibrosis and the expression levels of alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐ß1) in the liver tissue. Based on the results, BDL caused a significant increase in liver enzyme levels, blood lipids, and bilirubin, while decreasing the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) enzymes. Also, in the BDL rats, hepatocyte necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory lymphocytes, and hyperplasia of bile ducts were detected, along with a significant increase in α‐SMA and TGF‐ß1 expression. Astaxanthin, however, significantly prevented the BDL's detrimental effects. In all, 10 mg/kg of this drug maintained the bilirubin and cholesterol serum levels of BDL rats at normal levels. It also reduced the liver enzymes' activity and serum lipids, while increasing the SOD, CAT, and GSH activity in BDL rats. The expression of α‐SMA and TGF‐ß1 in the BDL rats treated with 10 mg/kg of astaxanthin was moderate (in 34%–66% of cells) and no considerable cholestatic fibrosis was observed in this group. However, administrating the 20 mg/kg of astaxanthin was not effective in this regard. These findings showed that astaxanthin could considerably protect the liver from cholestatic damage by improving the biochemical features and regulating the expression of related proteins.
Nascently generated microplastics in freshwater stream are colonized by bacterial communities from stream and riparian sources
Authors: Hossain M. Rumman , Eagar Andrew C. , Blackwood Christopher B. , Leff Laura G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine bacterial colonization of different types of microplastics through time in a freshwater ecosystem. Microplastics are persistent pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. Bacteria readily colonize microplastic surfaces and may contribute to their degradation, but the taxa involved, and their degradative abilities, differ based on factors such as microplastic chemistry, plastic age, and specific ecosystem types. Four different common types of newly manufactured microplastics, high‐density polyethylene, low‐density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, were incubated for 7 weeks in a freshwater stream and sampled. Sample collection was timed to examine the development of early and late bacterial biofilm communities. Microplastics were analyzed for changes to buoyancy, weight, contact angles (an indicator of surface roughness), bacterial community composition, and the number of bacterial cells. Time was the only significant contributing factor in the development of bacterial biofilm communities on microplastic disks over the 7‐week study. Notably, the Comamonadaceae were abundant early in the study and decreased in abundance with time, while the Methylococcaceae demonstrated the opposite trend. Different physicochemical properties among the various types of microplastics had only a minor effect on bacterial community compositions of biofilms growing on the microplastics. Additionally, the surfaces of all microplastic disks became rougher over time in the stream. Collectively, our results show that microplastic surfaces undergo surface modification and community succession as time progresses, regardless of microplastic type, in a freshwater stream ecosystem.
The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Eastern Corn Belt
Authors: King Kevin , Williams Mark , Stinner Jed , Rumora Kathryne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Eastern Corn Belt (ECB) Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network site is one of the most agriculturally productive areas in the United States; however, nutrient and sediment losses from this region directly contribute to water quality impairment in both the Gulf of Mexico and Lake Erie. One of the largest challenges facing agricultural production in the ECB is water management, especially under a changing climate. Shifting precipitation patterns in combination with evolving infrastructure (i.e., tile drainage, irrigation) and management (i.e., crops planted; 4R nutrient management: source, timing, rate, and placement) in response to changing climate are likely to alter water quantity and quality and agricultural productivity. Through plot‐ and field‐scale research, the ECB Common Experiment (CE) is focused on crop, soil, and water management to support sustainable agricultural intensification, with the goal of maximizing profitability, minimizing agriculture's environmental footprint, and enhancing ecosystem services. At both spatial scales, the CE aims to examine differences in water quantity and quality between the primary prevailing crop production system in the ECB (i.e., corn [Zea mays L.]–soybean [Glycine max L.] rotation, tillage prior to corn planting, free drainage, and fertility management consistent with tri‐state recommendations) and an alternative system (e.g., adding small grains into the crop rotation, cover crops, limited phosphorus fertilizer, and drainage water management). Aligning producer and stakeholders needs with research objectives and long‐term data collection, the ECB CE will tackle both ongoing and newly emerging research priorities and explore the effectiveness of conservation strategies to decrease nutrient and sediment losses from agricultural land.
Probabilistic Data Linkageを用いた消防および医療機関データ突合の試み～検者間信頼性を用いた検証～(Probabilistic Data Linkage of local emergency medical service and hospital department data: a pilot validation study with inter–rater reliability)
Authors: 英賢 福島 , 桃子 堀口 , 有紗 木下 , 宏純 奥田 , 幸治 山本 , 敬太 宮崎 , 啓佑 高野 
Published: August 2024

要旨【目的】Probabilistic Data Linkageを用いた消防機関および医療機関のデータ突合の精度について検者間信頼性を用いて検討した。【方法】2020年1月から4月の期間に奈良県立医科大学附属病院高度救命救急センターに搬送となった251例の奈良県救急医療情報管制支援システム（e–MATCH）データと291例の同センター外来日誌データ（転院や直接受診を含む）を対象とし，RのfastLinkを用いて次の3つの方法で突合した（①年齢，性別，病院到着日と来院日，②年齢，性別，覚知日時，③年齢，性別，病院到着日と来院日，病院到着時刻と受付時刻）。突合はe–MATCH側への突合とし，2名の検者が突合の正誤を検証した。【結果】突合されたデータセットは，①245例，②248例，③243例で，正の突合はそれぞれ198例（78.9%），209例（83.3%），215例（85.7%）で，誤突合は，①47例（18.7%），②39例（15.5%），③28例（11.1%）であった。検者間の信頼性CohenのKappa係数はいずれも0.7以上であった。【考察と結語】Probabilistic Data Linkageを用いることで消防データと医療機関の精度の高いデータの突合が期待できる。
偶発的に発見した小児複数磁石誤飲の1例(A case of incidental X–ray finding of ingestion of multiple magnets in a child)
Authors: 恵介 城間 , 朋子 杉村 , 隆行 平良 , 史真 西原 , 大悟 江波戸 , 幸子 宮川 , 武寛 梅村 
Published: August 2024

要旨小児の異物誤飲は日常よく経験する。多くは自然排出が期待でき，手術などの侵襲的処置を要する症例は多くない。しかし複数の磁石誤飲は消化管穿孔や腸閉塞の危険性が高く，緊急処置を要した報告が多い。今回，交通事故を契機に，複数のネオジム磁石誤飲を偶発的に発見し，消化管穿通・瘻孔形成を認めた小児の症例を経験したため報告する。症例は2歳の女児。交通事故で救急搬送され，外傷はなかったが，画像検査で小腸内に複数の異物を認め，磁性玩具が疑われた。無症状のため経過観察での自然排出を期待したが，5日間経過しても移動を認めず，腹腔鏡下異物除去術を施行した。複数の磁石により接着された小腸は，接着部で穿通し消化管穿通・瘻孔形成を来していた。術後経過は良好で，術後6日で退院した。海外のアルゴリズムでは，単純X線検査を繰り返すことによる経過観察を行うと記載があるが，経過観察から手術へ方針転換する時期についての明確な推奨はない。本症例では無症状であったことが経過観察期間を延ばした要因であり，異物除去術への方針変更を行う時期を逃さないことが重要である。ネオジム磁石複数誤飲の場合，異物の移動がない場合は，無症状でも最長72時間以内に手術を決断すべきと考える。
Video‐Rate Spectral Imaging Based on Diffractive‐Refractive Hybrid Optics
Authors: Xu Hao , Hu Haiquan , Xu Nan , Chen Bingkun , Luo Peng , Jiang Tingting , Xu Zhihai , Li Qi , Chen Shiqi , Chen Yueting 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the advancement of computational imaging, a large number of spectral imaging systems based on encoding–decoding have emerged, among which phase‐encoding spectral imaging systems have attracted widespread interest. Conventional phase‐encoding systems suffer from severe image degradation and limited light throughput. To address these challenges and achieve video‐rate spectral imaging with high spatial resolution and spectral accuracy, a novel optical system based on diffractive‐refractive hybrid optics is proposed. Here, a diffractive optical element is employed to perform imaging and dispersion functions, while a rear lens is used to shorten the system's back focal length and reduce the size of the point spread function. Meanwhile, convolutional neural network‐based spectral reconstruction algorithms are employed to reconstruct the spectral data cubes from diffraction blurred images. A compact, cost‐effective, and portable prototype has been constructed, demonstrating the capability to acquire and reconstruct 30 spectral data cubes per second, each with dimensions of in the spectral range of 480–900 nm with a 10 nm spectral interval. The optical system has the potential to broaden the application scope of phase‐encoding spectral imaging systems in various scenarios.
Socio‐economic strategy for settlement of refugees amidst crisis: The case of Pak‐Afghan
Authors: Tariq Habib , Ali Yousaf , Petrillo Antonella , De Felice Fabio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractToday, global concerns are at their peak due to the fast‐growing number of refugees. The world faces the dilemma of the refugee crisis, which needs to be addressed by the United Nations (U.N.) sustainable development goals (SDGs). Pakistan hosts about 1.4 million registered refugees in camps and urban areas. The majority consist of Afghans who departed due to severe poverty, conflict, and security concerns. These refugees bring socio‐economic distress to the host country. In order to comprehend the whole crisis, this study primarily focuses on three areas: the unstable political and security situation in the country of origin, the refugee concerns and their implications. This research is unique throughout the literature as it applies the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) tool to view the refugee crisis holistically. Results from ISM show that the ‘Political situation of Afghanistan’ is the most influential factor with very high driving power. Afterward, 10 resulting factors were opted from the ISM model, which demonstrate the implications on the host country. The relative importance index (RII) approach was used to rank the resultant factors. Ranking from RII depicts a significantly different impact of refugees while residing in urban areas. Using the Prisoner's dilemma of cooperative game theory (GT), this study concludes by recommending refugees to get registered and the host country to settle them in the local population. The use of cooperative GT with the nexus of ISM and RII is also exceptional and will be helpful for researchers and policymakers to resolve any conflict.