bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review on Utilization of Rice Husk Ash in Manufacturing of Concrete
Authors: Phatak Omkar Abhay , Kishor Roop 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
India, as the second-largest country in terms of rice production, faces the challenge of managing waste generated from rice mills. One potential solution is the utilization of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) in concrete production, which can help address increasing demand for concrete while reducing CO2 emission associated with its manufacturing. RHA is acquired by incinerating rice husks in mills, yielding a remarkable silica content of approximately 90% alongside commendable pozzolanic reactivity. These characteristics make RHA a viable and sustainable building material that can be used as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Several published studies have explored the successful utilization of RHA in manufacturing of concrete and have examined the attributes exhibited by this concrete during both the early (fresh) and later (hardened) stages. The findings of these studies suggest that RHA holds promise for use in various types of concrete, including normal concrete, high-strength concrete, and self-compacting concrete. Concrete incorporating RHA has shown favourable results in terms of strength and durability parameters. By replacing a portion of cement with RHA, concrete can exhibit comparable or even improved performance compared to traditional concrete mixes. Moreover, the use of RHA in concrete production offers additional environmental benefits. It contributes to resource conservation by utilizing an agricultural waste product that would otherwise be discarded. This approach helps in managing agricultural waste generated by rice mills. By incorporating RHA into concrete, the construction industry can contribute to the circular economy by reducing waste and promoting sustainable practices. In conclusion, the utilization of RHA as a partial cement replacement in concrete offers a promising solution for industrialists and the construction industry in India. It not only addresses the challenge of waste management in rice mills but also helps in mitigating the impact of concrete production on the environment. The addition of rice husk ash in concrete can enhance the strength and durability of the material while providing additional environmental benefits and contributing to the circular economy.
Hybrid Mode Generalized Design Mix Concrete by using Fly Ash & Manufactured Sand including Coconut Fibers
Authors: Khatri S , Kushwah P R , Jain R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Due to rapid infrastructure development the outlay of conventional material is greater than ever day by day. Quality control is the major concern in design mix concrete for structural strength consideration. Sometimes conventional materials like cement and sand may not be reached up to the mark of required strength of good quality also. This research paper is intended to lead the advancement of hybrid mode substitution of OPC and river sand by using Fly Ash and manufactured-sand including coconut fibers respectively. In the present research work concrete properties are thoroughly studied to find out the compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete by using fly ash and manufactured sand including coconut fibers in the generalized mix design of concrete. A design mixed generalized procedure has been invented here for 50% cement-50% fly ash sand and 50% natural sand-50 % M-sand to observe changes in the strength of concrete. A comparative study was done and it was concluded that manufactured sand as well as fly ash can be adopted effectively up to 60-65% in concrete mix for better strength including 5% of coconut fibrous to mitigate the environmental disasters.
Numerical modeling of microstructure of slag incorporating cement paste
Authors: Yadeta Andualem , Goyal Pradeep , Sarkar Raju 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical modeling approach aimed at illustrating the complicated microstructure of slag incorporating cement paste. Slag, a by-product of the steel industry, is a sustainable alternative to traditional cementitious materials, and understanding its microstructural characteristics is vital for optimizing its performance in concrete applications. In this study, an advanced computational technique named the CEMHYD3D model was employed to simulate the microstructure of slag incorporating cement paste mixtures. The modeling method involves the discretization of the microstructure and the incorporation of complex hydration reactions. Through this approach, the evolution and microstructural development within the slag-cement paste system over time has been predicted. The microstructural properties of the blend were simulated based on various slag replacement levels and the result agreed with the experimental results. The simulation provides understandings into the interaction between slag particles and the surrounding cementitious matrix, shedding light on the development of the microstructural properties of the composite material. In summary, this paper advances the understanding of the microstructural development of slag-cement paste system through rigorous numerical modeling. The insights gained from these simulations have significant implications for optimizing the use of slag as a sustainable and environmentally friendly component in concrete production.
A Study on Life Cycle Analysis of Bituminous and Cement Concrete Pavements with Recycled Materials in Circular Economy
Authors: Uppuluri Siva Rama Krishna , Tadi Chiranjeevi , Badiger Mohan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The pavement engineering community across the world is including the concept of a circular economy. Natural aggregate sources are depleting across the globe and there is a need to use recycled materials in pavement layers without discarding them as waste material. This research paper discusses the suitability of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled concrete aggregate for wearing course layers of bituminous concrete pavement and cement concrete pavement respectively. The suitability of above discussed recycled materials at different proportions is taken from the literature for both pavements. Moreover, a life cycle analysis is carried out regarding the carbon footprint estimation for both the pavements with recycled materials using cradle to grave approach for a typical design problem considered with suitable assumptions. The study emphasizes the benefits of using recycled materials in pavement construction and from the analysis, it is evident that the use of recycled materials with higher proportions in both pavements per kilometer construction showed lower carbon footprint estimation than the pavements built using natural aggregates.
Pothole detection and dimension estimation by deep learning
Authors: Ch Surya Sasank , Tallam Teja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Maintenance of roads is a crucial part after the construction of roads in order to improve its design life. Without proper maintenance, deterioration occurs more rapidly out of which potholes are the most common type of road distress that can pose a significant hazard to passengers and vehicles. In order to improve road maintenance, automated systems contribute to improving road safety and reducing infrastructure costs. In this paper one such automated pothole detection system is used by applying CNN (Convolution Neural Network) a deep learning approach with the object detection YOLO (You Only Look Once) to detect potholes in real time. The proposed model used here is trained from scratch on a large pothole dataset with an epochs value of 200, and is validated and tested on custom made dataset. The trained model provided accurate results with an mAP50 of 92% in detection of potholes. Further, an image processing method based on spatial resolution factor is used for dimension estimation of the potholes. The findings of this study assist in the inspection of non-destructive automatic pavement conditions that also contributes in improving road safety and reducing the time and cost required for road maintenance.
Study of Partial Replacement of Thermosets in Bituminous Mix
Authors: Kumar Hemant , Chopra Avani , Singh Gurpreet 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Bituminous Concrete (BC) is a type of composite material, is typically utilized in construction work including road paving, airports and parking area, etc. These days, the significant increase in commercial vehicle traffic and the compelling daily and seasonal temperature variations place us in a challenging position where we must consider alternatives for improving the pavement’s properties and eminence by implementing possible valuable alterations that will gratify both the strength and the economical aspect. Considering the environmental perspective as well, there is a huge increase in environmental pollution as a result of the excessive usage of plastic in daily life. Keeping environmental perspective in consideration a valid composition of Bakelite and Epoxy resin can be added as an additive to meet the required strength and quality of bituminous concrete as per IRC permissible guidelines. Both the additives are thermosetting plastic by nature and can be well utilized in bituminous concrete. Bakelite and Epoxy resin both are thermosetting plastic and can be use as additive to modify bituminous concrete as per mentioned in IRC guidelines. After studying various aspects of researchers at different percentage of additives at various optimum content of bitumen this study compiles a conclusion that till now, we find best results at 2% of epoxy and 2.5% of Bakelite powder when added separately in mixes. This study deals with the review of various test performed on aggregates, asphalt and the methodologies adopted of using epoxy and Bakelite in bituminous mixes.
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Recycled & Secondary Materials in the Construction of Roads
Authors: Sharma Shashikant Nishant , Lodhi Arjun Singh , Dehalwar Kavita , Jaiswal Anuj 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of recycled and secondary materials in the construction of roads is used to demonstrate the environmental impact of the use of the material from the process of the origin of the material to the end use of the material. This research paper will assess India’s most commonly used construction material. Based on the literature review of the most used construction materials, the bricks and concrete are chosen for detailed study based on the emerging LCA method.
Methods: The method used for this assessment is the LCA model. The LCA method consists of four main phases: goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory (LCI), life cycle impact assessment (LCIA), and interpretation.
Results: The assessment showed us that the long-term use of construction material bricks is not sustainable. Our results showed that while concrete is more durable than bricks and is widely used, the government does not promote the construction of roads using concrete and bricks. Conclusions: The environmental impact of the LCA of construction materials like bricks and concrete can be recycled and used for road construction, and thus, we can reduce the negative impact of construction debris. We concluded that the use of construction debris in the development of roads could help in multiple ways, like reducing solid waste generation, and the issue of the fast filling of landfill sites due to the dumping of construction debris can be reduced to a great extent. While there is limited use of debris in the construction of roads, there are great opportunities for developing more environmentally friendly uses of construction debris in the future.
Recommendations: Based on this study, we recommend using construction debris for transport corridor projects to make them more sustainable in the long run.
Review-Comparative study on Traffic Actuated Signal System for Traffic Management System
Authors: Dongarwar Trupti , Pitale N. H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Traffic Engineering is a branch of Transportation Engineering which discuses planning geometric design and traffic operation of roadway, highway, and street. One of the major fields of traffic Engineering is studying of traffic flow, traffic volume and speed. As the community of the globe develops gradually so the fleet of automobiles also increases. Traffic on the Road depends on peak hours. The traffic is heavy in morning time as compared to afternoon. In rainy Season traffic jam occurs on road after rain has stopped. Due this Problem, the Traffic monitoring is the system which helps to control congestion and avoid traffic accident. Due to traffic congestion, environmental pollution, fuel waste, and waste of time are some of the problems which are faced by the users. Traffic management is a major problem of traffic department in busy roads within the city. Due to traffic congestion during rush hours in today’s world, ambulances, fire brigade, and other emergency vehicles are stuck in traffic and unable to reach their terminus in period, which results in the loss of human life, loss of property. This article discusses numerous strategies used to improve the global transportation system.
A study on steady and dynamic viscosity evaluation of bio-rubberized asphalt binders
Authors: Kumar Ankush , Choudhary Rajan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The use of polymer and rubber-based additives for modification of asphalt binders forms a quite popular approach to achieve enhanced performance in the resultant asphalt binders and pavements. The application of bio-rubberized asphalt binders (BRAB) produced with waste-derived rubber and bio-oil/pyrolytic oil modifiers has recently gained interest in obtaining a synergistic effect across a wider temperature regime. In this study, BRAB was prepared through the modification of base binder with a combination of repurposed non-tire vehicular rubber (dosage: 16%) along with bio-oils derived from the pyrolysis of scrap tires (dosage: 6%). As the preparation process also impacts the performance of BRAB binders, the effect of variable preparation/fabrication approaches are assessed in this study. The production of BRAB was attempted through three approaches: sequential addition, heat pre-treatment, and microwave pre-treatment. Modifiers were added to the base binder one by one in the sequential addition method, whereas modifiers were pre-mixed and subjected to thermal and microwave treatments before being introduced to the base binder in the two pre-treatment approaches. A key engineering property that helps to assess the performance of an asphalt binder is the fluid’s flow resistance or its viscosity. The two most prevalent types of viscosity used in asphalt binder evaluation are the dynamic and steady-state viscosity, classified depending on how they are measured. In the dynamic domain, the viscosity is known as complex viscosity, whereas in the steady state, it is known as steady shear viscosity. The zero-shear viscosity (ZSV) is the viscosity that corresponds to the Newtonian plateau in a flow curve at low shear rates or low frequency domain and has attracted a lot of attention from the asphalt industry as a way to evaluate binders’ high-temperature performance. The ZSV can be determined by two test methods: shear rate sweep (in steady state mode) and frequency sweep (in oscillation mode) using a dynamic shear rheometer. This study examined the applicability of both testing methods to get reliable estimates of the ZSV of BRAB binders. The study also investigated the effects of binder preparation approaches on the flow characteristics and ZSV of BRAB binders. The findings help to understand the high-temperature performance of bio-rubberized asphalt under different testing methods.
Safety Analysis of 6-Lane National Highway Using Reactive and Proactive Methods: A Case Study
Authors: Khichad Jeetendra Singh , Vishwakarma Rameshwar J. , Gaur Arun , Sain Amit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Globally, traffic-related deaths were 1.35 million per year or nearly 3,700 per day. However, the severity of accidents Over a decade increased by 31.5%, with 37.3 people dying per 100 accidents in India. 4,12,432 accidents (approximately 422 people die daily) were reported in 2021, with 1,53,972 fatalities on Indian highways. National Highways’ safety performance is vital in developing countries such as India. This research paper focuses on the six-lane Jaipur Ring Road, an approximate 150-kilometer-long national highway surrounding the city of Jaipur, India. It is a crucial infrastructure project aimed at easing traffic congestion in and around Jaipur. Initiated in the early 2000s and completed in 2020, the road connects major highways and national highways, reducing traffic congestion and improving connectivity in and around the city. This paper explores the benefits of the Jaipur Ring Road, including improved travel time for commuters, transportation of goods, reduced accident causes, and economic development. Moreover, the article emphasizes the significance of monitoring road conditions to guarantee a secure, effective, and adaptive transportation system. This involves gathering information on road performance safety conditions and identifying areas that require enhancements. The paper highlights the role of trained professionals and community stakeholders in conducting road observations and ensuring that transportation infrastructure meets the needs of local communities. This case study presents some crucial observations made at specific locations on the Jaipur Ring Road. The study aims to analyze the traffic flow, identify potential bottlenecks, and propose solutions to improve the road’s efficiency and safety.
An Experimental Study on Shear Modulus of Alkali Activated GGBS Stabilised Soil
Authors: Thomas Ansu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The shear modulus of the alkali activated Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) stabilized soil is evaluated in the current study by conducting triaxial tests under cyclic loading. Stabilised soil samples were prepared and studied for shear modulus by varying the loading frequency, rate of loading and confining pressure.
It is found that the shear modulus degradation is more prominent at lower confining pressure. For a confining pressure of 50Kpa, and cyclic shear strain amplitude of 0.2%, shear modulus degradation varies from 12% to 15.7% for an increase in loading frequency from 0.5Hz to 1.5Hz. Whereas for a confining pressure of 200Kpa, and cyclic shear strain amplitude of 0.2%, shear modulus degradation varies from 2.4% to 6.3% for an increase in loading frequency from 0.5Hz to 1.5Hz. Lateral support decreases the rate of degradation for the same loading frequency. With increase in cyclic shear strain from 0.2% to 0.8% as given in fig, rate of degradation increases from 6.8% to 30.7% for a confining pressure of 200KPa to 50kPa.
Ambient Air Quality Management in Residential Areas of Gorakhpur City
Authors: Verma Priya , Pandey Govind 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The pace of industrialization has accelerated, particularly in lower income countries, and with it have come environmental issues. Air pollution sources have rapidly increased in parallel with population growth and economic development. As a result, the quality of the ambient air decreases as a result of the emission of several contaminants. Breathing problems, coughing, wheezing, and worsening of cardiac and respiratory disorders are just a few of the health implications that air pollution can have. Because so many people are exposed to it, urban air quality is a great worry. This study evaluates the ambient air quality in the urban residential area of Gorakhpur, which is the campus of Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, over a five-year period. This location in a residential community was particularly chosen to provide an overview of the local air quality. Three air pollutants—respirable suspended particle matter (RSPM), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxide (NOx)—are monitored to assess the air quality in residential areas. In this paper, air quality is examined from the years 2018 to 2022 from UPPCB’s website, and concentration values of PM10, NOx, SO2, and the Air Quality Index of the respective years for a selected residential area will be noted, and a comparison graph will be plotted for analysis. The outcomes will reflect the AQI concentrations of the aforementioned gaseous and suspended solid pollutants, and they will be compared to the allowable values in compliance with the criteria established by the CPCB for a residential area. The concentration of these contaminants can be reduced by taking significant care.
Scenario of Green Building in India: Development of Sustainable approach
Authors: Beniwal Devender Kumar , Kumar Deepak 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article furnishes a conceptual framework for applying principles of sustainability to the construction industry, The framework is established on sustainable parameters, which include economic, social, and environmental factors. The framework includes resource conservation, Building Bye-Laws, and design for building optimization. Each theory is explained after a thorough bibliographical review, and some initiative steps taken by the central government in India are presented to clarify the methods and strategies exercised during the life span of construction projects. The development of new technology is changing the way construction professionals think about the information they use to evaluate construction projects. This is because new technology provides a better way to collect and analyze information about construction projects. This enables construction professionals to make more efficient and effective decisions that can save time and money, thus improving the overall performance of the construction industry. The steps needed to be followed from applying to building assessment agencies to get certified according to the points achieved based on building performance. The objective of this paper is to analyze different parameters of sustainable construction, and the steps taken by the Government to embrace the Green Building concept nationwide, This paper also critically evaluates the amendment made in building bye-laws since their introduction in 2004 on both the center and state levels. These green building standards will result in strong political support to help create ecologically sensitive urbanism.
Air Quality Index Assessment Of An Educational Organization
Authors: Gupta Tripti , Ramawat Khushi , Sharma Ratnam , Sharma Naina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Uncontaminated and fresh air is an elementary prerequisite of every living being. But, in this day and age, atmosphere contamination-is certainly the most pervasive kind of environmental-degradation. In the ambience, there are several pollutants which have widespread causing contamination in the air. Pollutants of chief concern include gaseous pollutants like carbon monoxide, ozone, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, lead etc. These are primary pollutants. Secondary pollutants are particulate matters of different types ranging from fine to high. Every single one of these pollutants can cause a severe menace to human-health. In the current research, sensor-based equipments have been used to monitor and measure the concentration of various pollutants in the air. In the present research work, the effect of different pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, NO2 C02, TVOC, H-CHO, Temperature, Humidity and Noise on air pollution at five stations in the education institute namely RCOEM campus is studied and presented. It had been observed that air pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 primarily affected the air quality of RCOEM campus. So, these pollutants are mainly considered to monitor and evaluate air quality of RCOEM campus. After evaluation, air quality index of RCOEM campus was found to be around 94.5. It is within the range of 51-100. So, its falls in the range of satisfactory as per standard norms of central pollution control board and state pollution control board in terms of quality of the air and thereby its contamination.