bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chlorbenzuron downregulated HcLCP‐17 expression by depressing two 20E‐responsive transcription factors Br‐C and βFTZ‐F1 in Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) larvae
Authors: Zhao Yuecheng , Zhang Lu , Zou Chuanshan , Han Huilin , Li Chengde , Li Xingpeng , Song Liwen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDCuticular proteins (CPs) play essential roles in forming cuticular structures in insects. However, the specific functions and regulatory mechanisms of CPs remain largely unexplored. In this study, the Larval cuticular protein 17 (HcLCP‐17) gene was identified from Hyphantria cunea, a highly destructive and polyphagous forest pest. To investigate the role of HcLCP‐17 in cuticular function and transcriptional regulation mediated by 20E‐responsive transcription factors (ERTFs), we employed RNA interference (RNAi) and yeast one‐hybrid assay techniques. Additionally, we examined the molecular mechanism by which chlorbenzuron, a type of benzoylphenylurea (BPU) that functions as a chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI), affects the 20E signaling pathway and ultimately regulates HcLCP‐17 expression.RESULTSHcLCP‐17 encodes a polypeptide consisting of 393 amino acids, which includes a chitin‐binding domain. Silencing HcLCP‐17 resulted in a disturbance in the structural organization of the larval cuticle and a notable reduction in chitin levels. HcLCP‐17 expression was controlled by the interaction between Broad‐Complex (Br‐C) and beta Fushi Tarazu Factor‐1 (βFTZ‐F1) with its promoter fragment. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of chlorbenzuron on HcLCP‐17 expression was found to be potentially mediated by Br‐C and βFTZ‐F1.CONCLUSIONThe study presents a novel mode of action for the 20E signaling pathway in regulating the expression of CPs and reveals the potential mode‐of‐action of BPUs in insect cuticles. These findings provide a theoretical basis for future utilization of LCP‐17 as a pesticide target making a significant contribution to the development of effective pest management strategies. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Limitations of Non‐Volitional Upstream Passage for Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and Blueback Herring (Alosa aestivalis)
Authors: Hill C. Ryan , O'Sullivan Antóin M. , Hogan J. Derek , Curry R. Allen , Linnansaari Tommi , Harrison Philip M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTWe used PIT telemetry (n = 10,292 fish tagged) to evaluate upstream passage at a non‐volitional fishway (trap, lift, and truck) that passed approximately 10‐million river herring (alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and blueback herring A. aestivalis) around the lowermost dam in the Wolastoq/Saint John River, NB between 2020 and 2023. Between 26% and 62% of tagged fish reached the fishway crowding pool, while less than 14% were detected passing upstream. River herring experienced considerable passage delays (median = 3 days) after reaching the crowder entrance. The probability of passing on the date of first detection was only 10%, and it was positively correlated with the rate of fishway operation (i.e., fish lifts/unit time). The rate and probability of passage were greater for alewife than blueback herring and increased with total length for both species. Collectively, our results suggest that passage efficiency and duration were limited by the movement capacity and operation frequency of the fishway, and potentially the (high) number of fish attempting to pass at a given time. Ultimately, if the design and operation of non‐volitional fishways do not accommodate the size and behavior (i.e., schooling density and migration time) of target populations, our results indicate that potential consequences may include passage delays, reductions in passage efficiency, and selective pressures (e.g., size and species) on target populations.
Design, Synthesis, in Silico Molecular Docking and ADMET Studies of Indole‐Sulfonamide Derivatives as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibiting Agents
Authors: Dasari Gouthami , Thirukovela Narasimha Swamy , Kumar Gajjela Bharath , Bandari Srinivas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we describe the synthesis of indolyl aryl sulfonamide conjugates (6 a–n). The anti‐tumour activity was assessed on three human cancer cell lines: A‐549 (lung), HeLa (cervix), and MCF‐7 (breast). Nocodazole was used as a standard drug by employing the MTT assay method. The results show that the compounds 6 b, 6 l, and 6 m have shown more potent activity as compared to the standard drug Nocodazole. In a cell survivability test (MCF‐10 A), three potent compounds (6 b, 6 l, and 6 m) were evaluated against the normal breast cell line, although neither of them displayed any significant cytotoxicity with IC50 values greater than 78.45 μM. Furthermore, the compounds 6 b, 6 l, and 6 m were tested for tyrosine kinase EGFR inhibitory action using Combretastatin A‐4 as the reference drug. The in vitro tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity indicates that the compounds 6b and 6 l showed promising potency with IC50 values of 2.40±0.02 and 2.34±0.03 mM, respectively. In addition to this, molecular docking studies of compounds 6 b, 6 l, and 6 m demonstrated that these compounds had more EGFR binding interactions. The potent compounds 6 b, 6 l, and 6 m were subjected to in silico pharmacokinetic assessment by SWISS, ADME, and pkCSM. While the compounds 6 b, 6 l, and 6 m followed five filters (Lipinski rule, Ghose rule, Veber rule, Egan rule, and Muegge rule) without any deviation.
Tuning (Photo)Electronic Properties of an Electron Deficient Porous Polymer via n‐Doping with Tetrathiafulvalene
Authors: Bildirir Hakan , García‐Tecedor Miguel , Gomez‐Mendoza Miguel , Alván Diego , Marcilla Rebeca , de la Peña O'Shea Victor A. , Liras Marta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCharge‐transfer complex formation within the pores of porous polymers is an efficient way to tune their electronical properties. Introduction of electron accepting guests to the electron donating hosts to conduct their p‐doping is intensively studied in this context. However, the vice versa scenario, n‐doping by treating the electron deficient (i.e., n‐type) porous polymers with electron donating dopants, is rare. In this work, synthesis of an n‐type phenazine based conjugated microporous polymer and its exposure to strong electron donating tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) dopants are presented. The fundamental physical characterizations (e.g., elemental analysis, gas sorption) showed that the vacuum impregnation technique is a good approach to load the guest molecules inside the pores. Moreover, the formation of charge‐transfer complexes between the phenazine building blocks of the polymeric network and TTF dopants are confirmed via spectral techniques such Fourier transform infra‐red, UV–vis, steady‐state/time‐resolved photoluminescence, and transient absorbance spectroscopies. Effect of the doping to the electronical properties is monitored by employing photoelectrochemical measurements, which showed lower charge‐transfer resistivity and nearly doubled photocurrents after the doping. The study is, therefore, an important advancement for the applicability of (n‐type) porous polymeric materials in the field of photo(electro)catalysis and organic electronics.
A Review of Metal–Organic Frameworks Derived Hollow‐Structured Photocatalysts: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Tang Chenxi , Rao Heng , Li Shuming , She Ping , Qin Jun‐sheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotocatalysis is a most important approach to addressing global energy shortages and environmental issues due to its environmentally friendly and sustainable properties. The key to realizing efficient photocatalysis relies on developing appropriate catalysts with high efficiency and chemical stability. Among various photocatalysts, Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)‐derived hollow‐structured materials have drawn increased attention in photocatalysis based on advantages like more active sites, strong light absorption, efficient transfer of pho‐induced charges, excellent stability, high electrical conductivity, and better biocompatibility. Specifically, MOFs‐derived hollow‐structured materials are widely utilized in photocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR), hydrogen evolution (HER), nitrogen fixation (NRR), degradation, and other reactions. This review starts with the development story of MOFs, the commonly adopted synthesis strategies of MOFs‐derived hollow materials, and the latest research progress in various photocatalytic applications are also introduced in detail. Ultimately, the challenges of MOFs‐derived hollow‐structured materials in practical photocatalytic applications are also prospected. This review holds great potential for developing more applicable and efficient MOFs‐derived hollow‐structured photocatalysts.
Innovatives Pulverlack‐Beschichtungssystem für den Stahlwasserbau
Authors: Bachert Bernd 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUngeschützter Stahl korrodiert an der Atmosphäre, im Wasser und im Erdreich. Um die statische Sicherheit zu gewährleisten und die Dauerfestigkeit zu erhalten, müssen Stahlkonstruktionen jeglicher Art vor Korrosion geschützt werden. Stahlwasserbauten wie Schleusen, Wehranlagen, Kanalbrücken, Schiffshebewerke und Wasserkraftanlagen prägen weithin unsere Wasserstraßen, Küstenbefestigungen und Hafeneinrichtungen. Sie sind einem besonders hohen korrosiven Angriff ausgesetzt, denn neben atmosphärischen Einflüssen wie Wind und Wetter setzen ihnen besonders das Wasser, ständige Wasserwechsel sowie aggressive Stoffe, wie z. B. Salze und Mineralien, zu. Da solche Konstruktionen und Bauwerke i. d. R. Jahrhundertinvestitionen darstellen, sind ihr Erhalt, die Nutzung und die Betriebssicherheit über Generationen eine volkswirtschaftliche Notwendigkeit. Aber nicht nur die Korrosion stellt ein Problem für den Stahlwasserbau dar, auch das Bilden von Biofilmen und der Anwuchs von Algen und Muscheln können zu Problemen führen, welche sich bis hin zur Einschränkung der Funktionsfähigkeit der Anlagen entwickeln können. Das neue Pulverlack‐Beschichtungssystem verhindert beides und trägt somit dazu bei, die Wartungsintervalle zu verlängern, die Lebensdauer von Stahlbauteilen von Stahlwasserbauwerken zu erhöhen und damit die Lebensdauerkosten zu reduzieren. Damit leistet das neue Pulverlack‐Beschichtungssystem einen innovativen und nachhaltigen Beitrag zum Erhalt von Bauwerken im Stahlwasserbau.
Being a physicist: Gendered identity negotiations on the pathways to becoming an elite female physicist in the United Kingdom
Authors: Miller‐Friedmann Jaimie , Hillier Judith , Wilkin Nicola 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMuch research investigates why women do not participate in physics, or why female attrition in physics is high; this study focuses on elite female academic physicists and how they have persisted and succeeded in their fields. As opposed to researching reasons for attrition or not participating, this study focuses on six elite female academic physicists' strategies for flourishing in a male‐dominated field. Through semi‐structured life‐history interviews, the participants' narratives revealed their gendered identities to be hybrid: they all identified as female, but performed a particular kind of masculinity by actively embodying four of the same characteristics that normally deter females from participating in physics. This perspective is used to discover how these women, pioneers in their subfields, actively negotiated hostile environments and became successful. These findings give insight into the identities female physicists construct so that they can follow their passion; understanding why they made these choices provides an opportunity to make change in physics departments as well as the messages the science education community sends to young physicists.
Elevating leadership learning: Critical considerations for training, design, and implementation
Authors: Bitton Adrian L. , Barnes Amy C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on the research and scholarship of leadership training. We begin by defining and giving context to the concept of leadership training. Then, we provide a high‐level literature review of the history and components of leadership training (e.g., content, pedagogy, and assessment). Next, we connect leadership training with the leadership learning framework (LLF) to address common critiques of leadership training. The article concludes with projections of leadership training in the future and ethical questions for leadership educators to consider when designing leadership training programs.
Possible Process Optimization: Innovative Digital Health Implementation Models
Authors: Avagyan Anna , Minasyan Elya , Khachatryan Hamlet , Gevorgyan Smbat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe digitization in healthcare faces challenges in LMICs. The success of digital tools depends on having a workforce capable of designing, implementing, and maintaining such tools. Relevant training of professional staff and familiarisation with new tasks are crucial processes for the optimization of digital tools’ performance. In the broader context, interdisciplinary and interprofessional healthcare interventions often focus on outcomes such as length of stay, readmission rates and/or mortality. However, the effects of digital health interventions on these outcomes have been inconsistent in low-and middle-income countries. The current chapter discusses identified challenges in different digital health implementation models. Addressing these challenges and conducting further research and evaluation can contribute to successfully implementing digitization and process optimization in healthcare settings, leading to improved patient outcomes and quality of care.
Integrability and renormalizability for the fully anisotropic SU(2) principal chiral field and its deformations
Authors: Kotousov Gleb A. , Shabetnik Daria A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
For the class of 1 + 1 dimensional field theories referred to as the non-linear sigma models, there is known to be a deep connection between classical integrability and one-loop renormalizability. In this work, the phenomenon is reviewed on the example of the so-called fully anisotropic SU(2) Principal Chiral Field (PCF). Along the way, we discover a new classically integrable four parameter family of sigma models, which is obtained from the fully anisotropic SU(2) PCF by means of the Poisson-Lie deformation. The theory turns out to be one-loop renormalizable and the system of ODEs describing the flow of the four couplings is derived. Also provided are explicit analytical expressions for the full set of functionally independent first integrals (renormalization group invariants).
Integrated textural and geochemical analysis of igneous zircon by atom probe tomography
Authors: Foley Michelle L. , Bloch Elias M. , Gerstl Stephan S.A. , Putlitz Benita , Baumgartner Lukas P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMechanisms relating to growth and/or compositional modification of zircon occur at the atomic scale. For felsic igneous systems, processes responsible for growth patterns in zircon have previously remained elusive as the volume of material needed to analyze these compositional features using traditional in-situ methods is considerably larger than the typical sub-micron scale distribution of trace elements. To illuminate some of these driving forces, we characterize and quantify minor and trace element concentrations in igneous zircon grains by combining methods of cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging, electron microprobe microanalysis (EMPA) elemental maps for Hf, Y, Yb and U or Th, and atom probe tomography (APT). We focus on igneous zircon from the Chon Aike Silicic Large Igneous Province (Patagonia) that provide novel insights into (1) dissolution and re-crystallization during crustal anatexis, (2) crystallization to produce oscillatory zonation patterns that are typical of igneous zircons, and (3) the incorporation of trace element impurities (e.g., P, Be, and Al) at the nanoscale. Significantly, these APT volumes provide nanoscale sampling of boundaries between oscillatory growth zones in an igneous zircon to reveal compositional zoning of Y and, to a lesser extent P, which appear as high-angle, planar features. These concentration boundaries measured on the order of 10 to 12 nm are difficult to reconcile with proposed mechanisms for generating fine-scaled oscillations. Lastly, we fit diffusional profiles to measured Y concentrations to provide an estimate on the maximum timescales of zircon growth prior to eruption, as a function of the temperature at which diffusion occurred. When combined with known pressure-temperature-time paths for the magmatic system considered, these extremely short diffusion profiles that are resolvable by APT provide a powerful method to constrain timescales of crystal growth.
Effect of different tube feeding methods on gastroesophageal reflux features in preterm infants: a pH-impedance monitoring study
Authors: Martini Silvia , Meneghin Fabio , Aceti Arianna , Cerchierini Nadia , Beghetti Isadora , Lista Gianluca , Corvaglia Luigi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA stepwise approach is currently considered the best choice to manage gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in preterm infants. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different tube feeding techniques on GER frequency and features in symptomatic tube-fed preterm neonates. Tube-fed infants < 34 weeks’ gestation were eligible for this prospective, bicentric, cross-over study if, due to GER symptoms, they underwent a diagnostic 24-h combined pH and multiple intraluminal impedance (pH-MII) monitoring. During the monitoring period, each infant received the same feeding cycle, repeated twice: continuous tube feeding, bolus feeding followed by tube feeding permanence and by tube feeding removal. The impact of these three feeding modalities on pH-MII GER features was assessed. Thirty-one infants were enrolled. Despite a low number of reflux episodes, a significant decrease in total GERs (P < 0.001), in GERs detected by pH monitoring (P < 0.001), and in both acid and non-acid GERs detected by MII (P < 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively) was observed in association with continuous feeding compared to bolus feeds, followed or not by tube feeding removal. Compared to continuous feeding, both bolus feeding modalities were associated with a significantly higher number of proximal GERs (P < 0.001). No difference in any pH-MII parameter was observed in relation to tube feeding persistence after bolus feeding administration.Conclusions: Continuous feeding and boluses may have a different impact on pH-MII GER features in symptomatic tube-fed preterm infants, whereas the permanence of the feeding tube across LES did not seem to worsen GER indexes.

What is Known:

• Due to the functional and anatomical immaturity of the gastrointestinal tract, gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common in preterm infants.• A stepwise therapeutical approach which firstly undertakes conservative strategies is the most advisable choice to avoid potentially harmful pharmacological overtreatments in the preterm population.

What is New:

• Continuous feeding and boluses may have a different impact on GER features assessed by pH-MII monitoring in tube-fed preterm infants.• The permanence of the feeding tube during or after the feeding period did not seem to worsen GER occurrence.• By reducing GER features, especially acid GER, continuous feeding may potentially contribute to limit the need for antiacid medications in this population.
Tumor board simulation improves interdisciplinary decision-making in medical students
Authors: Fink Kevin , Forster Marie , Oettle Matthias , Büttner Marcel , Eze Chukwuka , Käsmann Lukas , Tufman Amanda , Kauffmann-Guerrero Diego , Bolt Toki A. , Kovacs Julia , Neumann Jens , Mücke Johannes , Heuser Sonja , Corradini Stefanie , Walter Franziska , Niyazi Maximilian , Belka Claus , Dreyling Martin , Fischer Martin R. , Fleischmann Daniel F. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Training of interdisciplinary clinical reasoning and decision-making skills, essential in daily clinical practice in oncological specialties, are still underrepresented in medical education. Therefore, at LMU University Hospital Munich, we implemented a didactically modified tumor board simulation with experts from five different disciplines (medical oncology, pathology, radiation oncology, radiology, and surgery) presenting patient cases into a one-week course on the basic principles of oncology. In this survey, we examined the self-assessed impact of our course on the interdisciplinary decision-making skills of medical students.

Methods
Between November-December 2023 and January-February 2024, we surveyed two cohorts of medical students in the third year of medical school in our one-week course before and after participating in the tumor board simulation. The objective was to evaluate the self-assessed knowledge in interdisciplinary clinical decision-making, in integrating ethical considerations into clinical reasoning, and in comprehension of various professional viewpoints in interdisciplinary decision-making. Knowledge was assessed using a five-step Likert scale from 1 (no knowledge) to 5 (complete knowledge).

Results
The survey was answered by 76 students before and 55 after the simulation, equaling 60–70% of all 100 course participants. Mean knowledge level regarding principles of interdisciplinary clinical decision-making improved significantly in all of the following exemplary aspects: purpose and procedure of tumor boards in clinical practice (from 2.4 ± 1.1 to 4.0 ± 1.0, Spearman’s ρ = 0.6, p < 0.001), principles of dealing with ethical challenges in oncology (from 2.4 ± 1.1 to 3.4 ± 1.0, ρ = 0.4, p < 0.001), and principles of shared decision-making in oncology (2.7 ± 1.1 to 3.7 ± 1.0, ρ = 0.4, p < 0.001). Students reported that their skills in clinical decision-making and ability to discuss oncological patient cases from different professional viewpoints improved due to the teaching course.

Conclusion
By employing our interdisciplinary one-week course and a didactically modified tumor board simulation featuring experts from various oncological disciplines, medical students’ comprehension of interdisciplinary clinical decision-making in oncology improved significantly.
Multi-agent platform to support trading decisions in the FOREX market
Authors: Hernes Marcin , Korczak Jerzy , Krol Dariusz , Pondel Maciej , Becker Jörg 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTrading decisions often encounter risk and uncertainty complexities, significantly influencing their overall performance. Recognizing the intricacies of this challenge, computational models within information systems have become essential to support and augment trading decisions. The paper introduces the concepts of trading software agents, investment strategies, and evaluation functions that automate the selection of the most suitable strategy in near real-time, offering the potential to enhance trading effectiveness. This approach holds the promise of significantly increasing the effectiveness of investments. The research also seeks to discern how changing market conditions influence the performance of these strategies, emphasizing that no single agent or strategy universally outperforms the rest. In summary, the overarching objective of this research is to contribute to the realm of financial decision-making by introducing a pragmatic platform and strategies tailored for traders, investors, and market participants in the FOREX market. Ultimately, this endeavor aims to empower people with more informed and productive trading decisions. The contributions of this work extend beyond the theoretical realm, demonstrating a commitment to address the practical challenges faced by traders and investors in real-time decision-making within the financial markets. This multidimensional approach to financial decision support promises to enhance investment effectiveness and contribute to the broader field of algorithmic trading.