bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Red Supergiant Progenitor of Type II Supernova 2024ggi
Authors: Xiang Danfeng , Mo Jun , Wang Xiaofeng , Wang Lingzhi , Zhang Jujia , Lin Han , Chen Liyang , Song Cuiying , Liu Liang-Duan , Wang Zhenyu , Li Gaici 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present a detailed analysis of the progenitor and its local environment for the recently discovered Type II supernova (SN) 2024ggi at a distance of about 6.7 Mpc, by utilizing the pre-explosion images from the Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer Space Telescope. The progenitor is identified as a red bright variable star, with absolute F814W-band magnitudes being −6.2 mag in 1995 to −7.2 mag in 2003, respectively, consistent with that of a normal red supergiant star. Combining with the historical mid-infrared light curves, a pulsational period of about 379 days can be inferred for the progenitor star. Fitting its spectral energy distribution with stellar spectral models yields the stellar parameters of temperature, radius, and bolometric luminosity as

T

*

=

3290

−
27

+
19

K,

R

*

=

887

−
51

+
60

R
⊙, and log(L/L
⊙)

=

4.92

−
0.04

+
0.05

, respectively. The above parameters indicate that the progenitor of SN 2024ggi is consistent with the stellar evolutionary track of a solar-metallicity massive star with an initial mass of

13

−
1

+
1

M
⊙. Moreover, our analysis indicates a relatively low mass-loss rate (i.e., <3 × 10−6
M
⊙ yr−1) for the progenitor compared to that inferred from flash spectroscopy and X-ray detection (i.e., 10−2–10−5
M
⊙ yr−1), implying a significant enhancement in mass loss within a few years prior to the explosion.
RUBIES: Evolved Stellar Populations with Extended Formation Histories at z ∼ 7–8 in Candidate Massive Galaxies Identified with JWST/NIRSpec
Authors: Wang 王 Bingjie 冰洁 , Leja Joel , de Graaff Anna , Brammer Gabriel B. , Weibel Andrea , van Dokkum Pieter , Baggen Josephine F. W. , Suess Katherine A. , Greene Jenny E. , Bezanson Rachel , Cleri Nikko J. , Hirschmann Michaela , Labbé Ivo , Matthee Jorryt , McConachie Ian , Naidu Rohan P. , Nelson Erica , Oesch Pascal A. , Setton David J. , Williams Christina C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The identification of red, apparently massive galaxies at z > 7 in early James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) photometry suggests a strongly accelerated time line compared to standard models of galaxy growth. A major uncertainty in the interpretation is whether the red colors are caused by evolved stellar populations, dust, or other effects such as emission lines or active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Here we show that three of the massive galaxy candidates at z = 6.7–8.4 have prominent Balmer breaks in JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy from the RUBIES program. The Balmer breaks demonstrate unambiguously that stellar emission dominates at λ
rest = 0.4 μm and require formation histories extending hundreds of millions of years into the past in galaxies only 600–800 Myr after the big bang. Two of the three galaxies also show broad Balmer lines, with Hβ FWHM > 2500 km s−1, suggesting that dust-reddened AGNs contribute to, or even dominate, the spectral energy distributions of these galaxies at λ
rest ≳ 0.6 μm. All three galaxies have relatively narrow [O iii] lines, seemingly ruling out a high-mass interpretation if the lines arise in dynamically relaxed, inclined disks. Yet the inferred masses also remain highly uncertain. We model the high-quality spectra using Prospector to decompose the continuum into stellar and AGN components and explore limiting cases in stellar/AGN contribution. This produces a wide range of possible stellar masses, spanning M
⋆ ∼ 109−1011
M
⊙. Nevertheless, all fits suggest a very early and rapid formation, most of which follow with a truncation in star formation. Potential origins and evolutionary tracks for these objects are discussed, from the cores of massive galaxies to low-mass galaxies with overmassive black holes. Intriguingly, we find all of these explanations to be incomplete; deeper and redder data are needed to understand the physics of these systems.
La syntaxe et la sémantique des démonstratifs prédicatifs en français, en chinois mandarin et en vietnamien : perspective typologique
Authors: Kong Fanguang , Dao Huy Linh 
Published: June 2024

Cet article propose une étude comparative et typologique des démonstratifs prédicatifs en français, en chinois mandarin et en vietnamien. Six classes de démonstratifs ont été étudiées l’une après l’autre : démonstratifs présentatifs, démonstratifs identifieurs, démonstratifs locatifs, démonstratifs copulatifs, démonstratifs de manière et démonstratifs implicites. Cette recherche permet de rendre compte notamment des caractéristiques syntaxiques et sémantiques des démonstratifs prédicatifs dans les trois langues, dans la mesure où ceux-ci fonctionnent souvent comme prédicats non verbaux sans sujet, en assurant soit un rôle référentiel, soit un rôle pragmadiscursif. Les démonstratifs prédicatifs en chinois mandarin et en vietnamien ont une autre particularité, puisqu’un morphème démonstratif peut être utilisé dans plusieurs catégories morphosyntaxiques.
Impact of dry eye on visual acuity and contrast sensitivity
Authors: Khirat Noha , Abo Habib Ahmed M.A.A. , Al Sebaey Abd-Alrahman , Zaky Marwa A. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Although normal visual acuity (VA) has been documented in dry eye disease (DED), it has a deleterious effect on multiple aspects of visual functions.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the VA and contrast sensitivity in patients with DED.

Patients and methods
The study included 60 eyes of 30 patients with bilateral DED. The patients were evaluated on presentation and one month and 3 months after treatment. The evaluation included measurement of VA, contrast sensitivity, tear break-up time (TBUT), and Schirmer’s test. The treatment was prescribed for 3 months and included hot fomentations, topical steroids 4 times daily, tear substitutes with sodium hyaluronate 0.1% and tear substitutes with polyethylene glycol 0.3%, propylene glycol, and hydroxypropyl guar 4 times daily, and cyclosporine 0.05% eye drops twice daily.

Results
There was a statistically significant improvement in the functional outcome from baseline to 3 months after treatment. The uncorrected VA improved from LogMAR 0.585±0.27 at baseline to 0.52±0.26, 3 months after treatment (P=0.017). Similarly, the best corrected VA improved from 0.332±0.235 at baseline to 0.217±0.138 (P=0.012), and the contrast sensitivity improved from 1.188±0.255 to 1.59±0.118 (P=0.009) after 3 months. The TBUT significantly improved from 4.08±2.895 s to 8.35±1.665 s (P=0.001) and the Schirmer’s test from 5.45±3.72 mm to 9.53±2.38 mm (P=0.001) 3 months after treatment. There was a significant negative correlation between the TBUT and VA 3 months after treatment (r=−0.4094, P <0.021).

Conclusion
There was a significant improvement in VA, contrast sensitivity, TBUT, and Schirmer’s test within a few months of treatment of DED.
Optical coherence tomography angiography value for detection of early retinal microvascular changes in systemic hypertension
Authors: Sadek Sherin H. , Taher Sameh G. , Hatata Ragai M. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the macula and optic disc vessel density (VD) and perfusion and the anatomical alterations at the fovea and optic nerve in chronic treated hypertension (HTN) patients who exhibited no signs of hypertensive retinopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Patients and methods
This is a prospective case–control study that included 37 participants. They were subdivided into two groups: the hypertensive group that included 22 patients (mean age=51.9±5.9 years), with no clinically evident signs of hypertensive retinopathy, and the control group that included 15 individuals (mean age=48.8±3.7 years) with no known history of HTN or other chronic systemic diseases. OCTA scans covering a 6.0×6.0 mm area for the macula and a 4.5×4.5 mm region for the optic nerve head were performed to evaluate the VD, the foveal avascular zone area, macular thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. The correlation of the VD measurements with the RNFL thickness was evaluated.

Results
The hypertensive patients exhibited a significantly lower overall mean macular VD (45.8±6.0) compared to the control group (48.5±2.9, P=0.017). In addition, they exhibited a significantly lower superficial VD in the superior hemifield (46.4±5.3 and 48.6±2.9, respectively, P=0.030). On the other hand, the deep vascular density in the superior hemifield showed no significant difference between the two groups. In addition, the hypertensive patients were found to have a significantly lower average RNFL thickness (103.2±17.8 μm) compared to the control group (117.1±14.1 μm, P=0.001), with specific statistically significant reductions in the superior (P=0.002) and inferior (P=0.004) sectors. Although the central ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness did not reach statistically significant difference between the two groups (HTN: 50.7±12.0 μm vs. control: 55.7±8.8 μm, P=0.055), the hypertensive group exhibited statistically significant reductions in the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in the superior (P<0.001), inferior (P=0.002), nasal (P=0.003), and temporal (P=0.001) sectors compared to the controls. There was no statistically significant difference in the size of the foveal avascular zone between the two groups.

Conclusion
OCTA revealed subclinical alterations in the retinal microvasculature parameters among the hypertensive patients without clinical signs of hypertensive retinopathy, in comparison to normotensive individuals.
Willingness and motivation of Egyptian patients with diabetic retinopathy to participate in clinical trials
Authors: Khalil Ahmed S. , Salama Moustafa A. , Kotb Ahmed N. , Fawzy Hebatallah M. , Hegab Mohammed A. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The aim of this study was to identify the motivational factors and the barriers of Egyptian diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients to recruitment in clinical trials.

Patients and methods
This is a cross-sectional study of the patients with diabetes mellitus attending the Outpatient Clinic of Zagazig University Hospital from September 2022 to December 2022. Patients with any degree of DR were included. A questionnaire was distributed to all participants. It included the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and questions to identify the motivational factors or the barriers to participate in a clinical trial. The patients were categorized into two groups according to their tendency for recruitment: the first group that accepted participation, who were asked about the most motivational factors and the second group that refused participation, who were asked about their potential barriers.

Results
The study recruited 206 DR patients of whom 145 (70.4%) accepted to participate in clinical trials, while the remaining 61 (29.6%) patients refused to participate. Fear from blindness was the commonest motivational factor (93.1%) and the risk of side effects was the commonest barrier (100%). Acceptance to participate was higher among those with positive family history of diabetes mellitus (P=0.01). Refusal to participate was higher in mild nonproliferative DR patients (P<0.001), while patients with proliferative DR and macular edema significantly accepted to participate (P<0.001). High education was significantly associated with acceptance compared to those who refused to participate (81.1 vs. 18.9%, respectively, P=0.004). Ocular history of previous intervention was significantly associated with acceptance to participate (P=0.001).

Conclusion
Acceptance of DR Egyptian patients to participate in clinical trials was unpredictably high. The results of this questionnaire should encourage researchers to conduct more clinical trials.
Ocular graft host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplant: unique risk factors and outcomes
Authors: Abdel Fattah Maaly A.M. , ElGohary Ghada , Hashmi Shahrukh K. 
Published: June 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to formulate a retrospective study investigating the ocular findings and associated risk factors in long-term survivors after allogenic-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in Saudi Arabia.

Patients and methods
This observational study was conducted on patients who underwent HSCT from 1996 to 2016 at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study included 72 patients who were human leukocyte antigen-matched donors with identical matched sibling donors. Peripheral blood was the source of stem cells in 61 patients. The ophthalmological examination included visual acuity (VA) testing, refraction, tear break-up time, Schirmer’s test, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and dilated ophthalmoscopy. Chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) inclusion was based on strict selection criteria. The patients identified with mild to moderate ocular GVHD had less than or equal to three corneal staining, 13–32 points ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and Schirmer’s test of 6–15 mm were classified as group 1, while those with severe ocular GVHD defined as having more than four corneal stainings, more than or equal to 33 points OSDI, and less than or equal to 5 mm Schirmer’s test were classified as group 2. Impairment of VA was classified as mild (20/22–20/50), moderate (20/70–>20/200), or severe (≤20/200) impairment.

Results
Chronic GVHD was diagnosed in 394 patients within the first 5 years after transplantation. Ocular GVHD was detected in 81 (20.56%) patients. They were classified into group 1 (65 patients, 80.25%) with mild to moderate ocular GVHD and group 2 (16 patients, 19.75%) with severe ocular GVHD. All patients had OSDI ranging from more than or equal to 13 to more than or equal to 33. Retinal changes were detected in five patients, optic disc changes in two patients, steroid-induced proliferative diabetic retinopathy in three patients, and old branch retinal vein occlusion in one patient. All patients with identical matched sibling donor showed normal or mild to moderate impaired VA except for two patients. All patients responded to topical eye drops except for nine who required surgical procedures. Normal or mild impaired VA was reported in 59 patients with statistical significance (P=0.0053), while 42 male patients versus 29 females had normal or mild impaired VA with a statistically significant difference (P=0.0179).

Conclusion
Ocular GVHD is a complex disease in our unique population. Every patient before allogenic HSCT be referred to a cornea specialist to evaluate the baseline parameters for the pre-HSCT diagnosis of dry eye disease.
Clinical Characteristics of Macroprolactinomas and Response to Medical Therapy
Authors: Tiwari Pooja , Saikia Uma K. , Baro Abhamoni , Bhuyan Ashok K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The presentation of macroprolactinomas and response to treatment may vary according to age, sex and tumour characteristics. To analyse clinical phenotype, biochemical and radiological characteristics of macroprolactinomas presenting to a tertiary care centre. A retrospective observational study from January 2018 to December 2022.

Methods:
Thirty diagnosed cases (18 females, 12 males) of macroprolactinomas were included and followed up for one year.

Results:
The most common presentation was headache (73%), visual disturbances (50%), galactorrhoea (33.3%) and loss of libido (26.6%) along with menstrual cycle disturbances (94%), and infertility (55%) in females. Duration of symptoms (2.22 ± 2.87 vs 4.61 ± 3.4 years), tumour size (4.8 ± 2.09 vs 2.75 ± 1.24 cm) and prolactin levels (5153.5 ± 4755.3 vs 1803.5 ± 3785.5 ng/ml) were different significantly between males and females. Good response to medical therapy was observed in 84% of the treatment-naive patients.

Conclusion:
Macroprolactinomas in males present with shorter duration of symptoms, larger size, higher prolactin levels and more resistant tumours, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and aggressive management. Medical therapy remains the treatment of choice irrespective of gender.
Thyroid Function Test in Preterm Neonates: Normative Data
Authors: Mukherjee Debarghya , Mukhopadhyay Pradip , Saha Bijan , Sen Sangita , Ghosh Sujoy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Initial surge of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in neonates increases free and total triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) in 24–36 hours following birth, and the effect then gradually wanes off. As somatic and intellectual development is dependent on normal thyroid function especially in infancy, normative data in these children may be of immense value to diagnose hypothyroidism in this subset of infants. Comprehensive normative values of thyroid function parameters in preterm neonates are scarcely available. The objective of this study was to determine the normative value of thyroid function parameters in preterm neonates.

Methods:
Preterm neonates (n = 102) born at 34 and 35 weeks of gestation of euthyroid mothers from an iodine-sufficient population were evaluated for T3, T4, free thyroxine (FT4) and TSH during 3–7 days after birth and again after 1 month. The expected date of delivery (EDD) and Ballard score were used to identify the duration of gestation.

Results:
The mean gestational age was 34.7 ± 0.41 weeks. The mean (± SD) for T3 (ng/dl), T4 (μg/dl), FT4 (ng/ml) and TSH (μIU/ml) on days 3–7 following birth was as follows: 156 ± 44.6, 12.8 ± 3.7, 1.50 ± 0.54 and 7.13 ± 6.04, respectively. Around 4 weeks of age, values changed to 104 ± 38.4, 12.1 ± 4.02, 1.46 ± 0.42 and 3.25 ± 2.85, respectively. All parameters changed significantly around 4 weeks, except FT4. None of the parameters were correlated with gestational age or body weight at birth. Normative values for each parameter in percentiles were generated.

Conclusion:
This study generated the normative values of the thyroid function test during the first week and after around 4 weeks of life for premature neonates (born at 34–35 weeks).
Currarino syndrome with immature teratoma: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Behera Gayatri , Manekar Aaditya , Mahallik Santosh , Sable Mukund , Das Kanishka 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Currarino syndrome (CS) is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by a triad of anorectal malformation, sacral deformity, and presacral mass. In about 50% of cases, it is caused by HLXB9 gene mutation in chromosome 7q36. A 13-month-male child presented with presacral discharging sinus with a history of surgery for anorectal malformation and perineal fistula at the time of birth. On detailed investigation, the child revealed to have anal atresia, hemisacrum, and presacral mass. Histopathology of presacral mass showed features of immature teratoma. The presacral mass in CS is mostly an anterior myelomeningocele or presacral teratoma. The development of immature teratoma in presacral mass is very rare. The histopathological identification of immature component of teratoma in the presacral mass of CS is important for risk stratification and further management. Suspicion of CS should be raised in any child presenting with partial phenotype of the triad.
Evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in technically unresectable moderately advanced oral cavity cancers
Authors: Kadian Abhishek , Takkar Puneet , Sharma Ankit , Sharma Prateek 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Moderately advanced and technically unresectable oral cavity cancers have a poor prognosis. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy might be beneficial in such patients by reducing tumour bulk and allowing definitive surgery.

Aim:
To evaluate the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in moderately advanced technically unresectable oral cavity cancers.

Methodology:
Prospective observational study - secondary data analysis of patients with moderately advanced oral cavity cancer, which were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) during the period November 2014-April 2016. Data was analysed for information on patient characteristics, chemotherapy received, toxicity, clinical response rates, local treatment offered and pathological response rates. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 20.

Results:
30 patients, with a median age of 52 years were analyzed. Buccal mucosa was the most common sub site (50%). Three drug regimen was utilized in all patients. Resectability was achieved in 14 patients (46.67%). Febrile neutropenia was seen in 3 patients (10%). The overall response rate was 31%.

Conclusion:
NACT was effective in converting moderately advanced technically unresectable oral cavity cancers to operable disease in approximately 47% of patients. Post NACT, there is significant association between clinical and pathological findings of response rates. There is no increase in surgical complication rates following NACT.
Peripheral giant cell lesion of the oral cavity in a 12-year-old child: A rare case report
Authors: Patel Chirag , Diwanji Amish , Mathur Jyoti , Purani Jigar 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Giant cell lesion of the oral cavity in a pediatric population is a very rare entity. Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is one such non-neoplastic lesion-causing gingival tumor. Here, a case of successful management of PGCG in a 12-year-old child is presented with a two-year follow-up. Clinical, radiographic, and histological features of PGCG are discussed with the importance of a long-term follow-up of the lesion.
Split X-Jaw techniques of volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal cancer: A dosimetric comparison
Authors: Nath Jyotiman , Sarma Gautam , Goswami Shachindra , Sharma Shashi Bhushan , Goswami Pranjal , Kalita Apurba Kumar 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
The current study aims to compare the split x-jaw planning technique of volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) with the traditional open and limited jaw techniques of VAMT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment. The multi-leaf collimators on the varian linear accelerator move on a carriage with a maximum leaf span of 15 cm. Therefore, treatment of larger planning target volumes, such as in nasopharyngeal cancer with traditional open and limited jaw technique, yields compromised dose distribution.

Method:
Computed tomography data sets of 10 nasopharynx cancer patients were enrolled for the study. For each case, three separate treatment plans were generated viz. open, limited, and split x-jaw planning techniques with similar planning objectives. Only PTVs requiring a field size larger than 18 cm in the x-jaw position were considered.

Results:
Comparable results were obtained regarding organs at risk (OAR) sparing in all the techniques. The target dose coverage with split x-jaw VMAT was superior to both open and limited jaw planning techniques, with a statistically significant difference in the intermediate dose planning target volumes (PTVs) (PTV59.4), P < 0.05. However, the split technique’s dose to the spinal cord and larynx was significantly lower (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The split x-jaw planning technique of VMAT can be adapted for larger PTVs requiring an x-jaw of more than 15 cm. The only concern with this technique is the increased MU.