bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of reconstruction techniques after low anterior resection for rectal cancer
Authors: Hüttner F J , Tenckhoff S , Jensen K , Uhlmann L , Kulu Y , Büchler M W , Diener M K , Ulrich A 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
Options for reconstruction after low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer include straight or side-to-end coloanal anastomosis (CAA), colonic J pouch and transverse coloplasty. This systematic review compared these techniques in terms of function, surgical outcomes and quality of life.

Methods
A systematic literature search (MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library, from inception of the databases until November 2014) was conducted to identify randomized clinical trials comparing reconstructive techniques after LAR. Random-effects meta-analyses were carried out, and results presented as weighted odds ratios or mean differences with corresponding 95 per cent c.i. A network meta-analysis was conducted for the outcome anastomotic leakage.

Results
The search yielded 965 results; 21 trials comprising data from 1636 patients were included. Colonic J pouch was associated with lower stool frequency and antidiarrhoeal medication use for up to 1 year after surgery compared with straight CAA. Transverse coloplasty and side-to-end CAA had similar functional outcomes to the colonic J pouch. No superiority was found for any of the techniques in terms of anastomotic leak rate.

Conclusion
Colonic J pouch and side-to-end CAA or transverse coloplasty lead to a better functional outcome than straight CAA for the first year after surgery.
Nisin production of Lactococcus lactisN8 with hemin‐stimulated cell respiration in fed‐batch fermentation system
Authors: Kördikanlıoğlu Burcu , Şimşek Ömer , Saris Per E. J. 
Published: March 2015

In this study, nisin production of Lactococcus lactis N8 was optimized by independent variables of glucose, hemin and oxygen concentrations in fed‐batch fermentation in which respiration of cells was stimulated with hemin. Response surface model was able to explain the changes of the nisin production of L. lactis N8 in fed‐batch fermentation system with high fidelity (R2 98%) and insignificant lack of fit. Accordingly, the equation developed indicated the optimum parameters for glucose, hemin, and dissolved oxygen were 8 g L−1 h−1, 3 μg mL−1 and 40%, respectively. While 1711 IU mL−1 nisin was produced by L. lactis N8 in control fed‐batch fermentation, 5410 IU mL−1 nisin production was achieved within the relevant optimum parameters where the respiration of cell was stimulated with hemin. Accordingly, nisin production was enhanced 3.1 fold in fed‐batch fermentation using hemin. In conclusion the nisin production of L. lactis N8 was enhanced extensively as a result of increasing the biomass by stimulating the cell respiration with adding the hemin in the fed‐batch fermentation. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:678–685, 2015
Simple “On‐Demand” Production of Bioactive Natural Products
Authors: Bode Edna , Brachmann Alexander O. , Kegler Carsten , Simsek Rukayye , Dauth Christina , Zhou Qiuqin , Kaiser Marcel , Klemmt Petra , Bode Helge B. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractExchange of the native promoter to the arabinose‐inducible promoter PBAD was established in entomopathogenic bacteria to silence and/or activate gene clusters involved in natural product biosynthesis. This allowed the “on‐demand” production of GameXPeptides, xenoamicins, and the blue pigment indigoidine. The gene clusters for the novel “mevalagmapeptides” and the highly toxic xenorhabdins were identified by this approach.
Socioeconomic disparities in neurocognitive development in the first two years of life
Authors: Noble Kimberly G. , Engelhardt Laura E. , Brito Natalie H. , Mack Luke J. , Nail Elizabeth J. , Angal Jyoti , Barr Rachel , Fifer William P. , Elliott Amy J. ,   in collaboration with the PASS Network
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTSocioeconomic status (SES) is strongly associated with cognition and achievement. Socioeconomic disparities in language and memory skills have been reported from elementary school through adolescence. Less is known about the extent to which such disparities emerge in infancy. Here, 179 infants from socioeconomically diverse families were recruited. Using a cohort‐sequential design, 90 infants were followed at 9 and 15 months, and 89 were followed at 15 and 21 months. SES disparities in developmental trajectories of language and memory were present such that, at 21 months of age, children of highly educated parents scored approximately .8 standard deviations higher in both language and memory than children of less educated parents. The home language and literacy environment and parental warmth partially accounted for disparities in language, but not memory development. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 535–551, 2015.
List Edge‐Coloring and Total Coloring in Graphs of Low Treewidth
Authors: Bruhn Henning , Lang Richard , Stein Maya 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe prove that the list chromatic index of a graph of maximum degree Δ and treewidth is Δ; and that the total chromatic number of a graph of maximum degree Δ and treewidth is . This improves results by Meeks and Scott.
Cryptotephras: the revolution in correlation and precision dating
Authors: DAVIES SIWAN M. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTFrom its Icelandic origins in the study of visible tephra horizons, tephrochronology took a remarkable step in the late 1980 s with the discovery of a ca. 4300‐year‐old microscopic ash layer in a Scottish peat bog. Since then, the search for these cryptotephra deposits in distal areas has gone from strength to strength. Indeed, a recent discovery demonstrates how a few fine‐grained glass shards from an Alaskan eruption have been dispersed more than 7000 km to northern Europe. Instantaneous deposition of geochemically distinct volcanic ash over such large geographical areas gives rise to a powerful correlation tool with considerable potential for addressing a range of scientific questions. A prerequisite of this work is the establishment of regional tephrochronological frameworks that include well‐constrained age estimates and robust geochemical signatures for each deposit. With distal sites revealing a complex record of previously unknown volcanic events, frameworks are regularly revised, and it has become apparent that some closely timed eruptions have similar geochemical signatures. The search for unique and robust geochemical fingerprints thus hinges on rigorous analysis by electron microprobe and laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry. Historical developments and significant breakthroughs are presented to chart the revolution in correlation and precision dating over the last 50 years using tephrochronology and cryptotephrochronology.
Tic Phenomenology and Tic Awareness in Adults With Autism
Authors: Kahl Ursula , Schunke Odette , Schöttle Daniel , David Nicole , Brandt Valerie , Bäumer Tobias , Roessner Veit , Münchau Alexander , Ganos Christos 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Background: Tics are common in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, their phenomenology and characteristics have not been studied in detail. Methods: Based on video sequences of 21 adults with ASD without intellectual disability and 16 adults with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS), tic severity, tic repertoires, and tic awareness were determined. Results: Ten ASD and all GTS participants had tics during video recordings. The ASD group had significantly fewer tics, compared to GTS. Tic distribution and tic repertoires were comparable, but more restricted in ASD. All GTS participants, but only 5 of the 10 ASD participants, were aware of their tics. Conclusions: Tics are common in adults with ASD. They are indistinguishable from tics in GTS and are similarly distributed, but less severe. Tic awareness is limited in ASD.
Diagnostic accuracy of placental growth factor and ultrasound parameters to predict the small‐for‐gestational‐age infant in women presenting with reduced symphysis–fundus height
Authors: Griffin M. , Seed P. T. , Webster L. , Myers J. , MacKillop L. , Simpson N. , Anumba D. , Khalil A. , Denbow M. , Sau A. , Hinshaw K. , von Dadelszen P. , Benton S. , Girling J. , Redman C. W. G. , Chappell L. C. , Shennan A. H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of placental growth factor (PlGF) and ultrasound parameters to predict delivery of a small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) infant in women presenting with reduced symphysis–fundus height (SFH).MethodsThis was a multicenter prospective observational study recruiting 601 women with a singleton pregnancy and reduced SFH between 24 and 37 weeks' gestation across 11 sites in the UK and Canada. Plasma PlGF concentration < 5th centile, estimated fetal weight (EFW) < 10th centile, umbilical artery Doppler pulsatility index > 95th centile and oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid index < 5 cm) were compared as predictors for a SGA infant < 3rd customized birth‐weight centile and adverse perinatal outcome. Test performance statistics were calculated for all parameters in isolation and in combination.ResultsOf the 601 women recruited, 592 were analyzed. For predicting delivery of SGA < 3rd centile (n = 78), EFW < 10th centile had 58% sensitivity (95% CI, 46–69%) and 93% negative predictive value (NPV) (95% CI, 90–95%), PlGF had 37% sensitivity (95% CI, 27–49%) and 90% NPV (95% CI, 87–93%); in combination, PlGF and EFW < 10th centile had 69% sensitivity (95% CI, 55–81%) and 93% NPV (95% CI, 89–96%). The equivalent receiver–operating characteristics (ROC) curve areas were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.74–0.84) for EFW < 10th centile, 0.70 (95% CI, 0.63–0.77) for low PlGF and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.77–0.86) in combination.ConclusionsFor women presenting with reduced SFH, ultrasound parameters had modest test performance for predicting delivery of SGA < 3rd centile. PlGF performed no better than EFW < 10th centile in determining delivery of a SGA infant. © 2015 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the international society of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology.
Sr2MgOsO6: A Frustrated Os6+ (5d2) Double Perovskite with Strong Antiferromagnetic Interactions
Authors: Sarapulova Angelina , Adler Peter , Schnelle Walter , Mikhailova Daria , Felser Claudia , Tjeng Liu Hao , Jansen Martin 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe Os6+ (t2g2) double perovskite Sr2MgOsO6 was prepared as polycrystalline material from the respective binary metal oxides. Sr2MgOsO6 crystallizes with the tetragonal space group I4/m. Magnetization and specific heat measurements show a broad anomaly near 100 K, but no well‐defined cusp. The magnetism is governed by strong antiferromagnetic interactions. Sr2MgOsO6 constitutes a new example for the peculiar, poorly understood magnetism of 5d2 ions on a frustrated fcc lattice, where spin‐orbit coupling and orbital physics are expected to play an important role.
Effect of inclination on the transition scenario in the wake of fixed disks and flat cylinders
Authors: Chrust M. , Dauteuille C. , Bobinski T. , Rokicki J. , Goujon-Durand S. , Wesfreid J. E. , Bouchet G. , Dušek J. 
Published: March 2015

We take up the old problem of Calvert (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 29, 1967, pp. 691–703) concerning the wake of a cylinder inclined with respect to the flow direction, and consider it from the viewpoint of transition to turbulence. For cylinders placed perpendicular to the flow direction, we address the disagreement between numerical simulation of the ideal axisymmetric configuration and experimental observations. We demonstrate that for a disk (a cylinder of aspect ratio infinity) and a flat cylinder of aspect ratio ${\it\chi}=6$ (ratio of diameter to height), the numerically predicted transition scenario is limited to very small inclination angles and is thus difficult to test experimentally. For inclination angles of about $4^{\circ }$ and more, a joint numerical and experimental study shows that the experimentally observed scenario agrees qualitatively well with the results of numerical simulations. For the flat cylinder ${\it\chi}=6$, we obtain satisfactory agreement with regard to dependence of the critical Reynolds number ($\mathit{Re}$) of the onset of vortex shedding on the inclination angle. Both for infinitely flat disks and cylinders of aspect ratio ${\it\chi}=6$, a small inclination tends to promote vortex shedding, that is, to lower the instability threshold, whereas for inclination angles exceeding $20^{\circ }$ the opposite effect is exhibited. The Strouhal number of oscillations is found to be only very weakly dependent on the Reynolds number, and very good agreement is obtained between values reported by Calvert (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 29, 1967, pp. 691–703) at high Reynolds numbers and our simulations at $\mathit{Re}=250$. In contrast, we observe relatively poor agreement in Strouhal numbers when comparing the results of our numerical simulations and the data acquired from the experimental set-up described in this paper. Closer analysis shows that confidence can be placed in the numerical results because the discrepancy can be attributed to the influence of the support system of the flat cylinder. Suggestions for improvement of the experimental set-up are provided.
A numerical toolkit to understand the mechanics of partially saturated granular materials
Authors: Roux J.-N. 
Published: March 2015

The mechanisms by which a wetting, non-saturating liquid bestows macroscopic cohesion and strength to a granular material are usually not accessible to micromechanical investigations for saturations exceeding the pendular regime of isolated menisci, easily studied by discrete element models (DEM). The paper by Delenne et al. (J. Fluid Mech., 2015, vol. 762, R5) exploiting a multiphase lattice Boltzmann approach, pioneers the simulation of the micromorphology and of the mechanical effects on grains of an interstitial liquid, in equilibrium with its vapour, for the whole saturation range. Interestingly, in accordance with some experiments and phenomenological models, the results suggest that the mechanical effect of capillary forces is maximized for some intermediate saturation level (near 40 % in the model), well beyond the pendular range. In general, the proposed simulation technique opens the way to many studies of partially saturated granular assemblies, for different saturation or imbibition processes and histories.
Imidazole-containing phthalazine derivatives inhibit Fe-SOD performance in Leishmania species and are active in vitro against visceral and mucosal leishmaniasis
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-MORENO M. , GÓMEZ-CONTRERAS F. , NAVARRO P. , MARÍN C. , RAMÍREZ-MACÍAS I. , ROSALES M. J. , CAMPAYO L. , CANO C. , SANZ A. M. , YUNTA M. J. R. 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYThe in vitro leishmanicidal activity of a series of imidazole-containing phthalazine derivatives 1–4 was tested on Leishmania infantum, Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania donovani parasites, and their cytotoxicity on J774·2 macrophage cells was also measured. All compounds tested showed selectivity indexes higher than that of the reference drug glucantime for the three Leishmania species, and the less bulky monoalkylamino substituted derivatives 2 and 4 were clearly more effective than their bisalkylamino substituted counterparts 1 and 3. Both infection rate measures and ultrastructural alterations studies confirmed that 2 and 4 were highly leishmanicidal and induced extensive parasite cell damage. Modifications to the excretion products of parasites treated with 2 and 4 were also consistent with substantial cytoplasmic alterations. On the other hand, the most active compounds 2 and 4 were potent inhibitors of iron superoxide dismutase enzyme (Fe-SOD) in the three species considered, whereas their impact on human CuZn-SOD was low. Molecular modelling suggests that 2 and 4 could deactivate Fe-SOD due to a sterically favoured enhanced ability to interact with the H-bonding net that supports the antioxidant features of the enzyme.
Sarcocystis chloropusae (protozoa: Sarcocystidae) n. sp. from the common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) from Egypt
Authors: EL-MORSEY A. , EL-SEIFY M. , DESOUKY A. Y. , ABDEL-AZIZ M. M. , SAKAI H. , YANAI T. 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYA new name Sarcocystis chloropusae is proposed for a parasite previously found in two of 25 common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) from Brolos Lake, Egypt. Sarcocysts were microscopic, up to 650 μm long, the cyst wall was up to 4·5 μm thick, and contained villar protrusions that were up to 4 μm long and up to 2 μm wide. The villar protrusions were crowded, contained vesicles but lacked microtubules. The ground substance layer was smooth. The bradyzoites were up to 12 μm long and up to 2 μm wide. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the (ITS-1) supported the conclusion that the Sarcocystis in G. chloropus is a distinct species.
Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Treatment Reveals Crosstalks among Proteome, Ubiquitylome and Acetylome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cell Line
Authors: Wu Quan , Cheng Zhongyi , Zhu Jun , Xu Weiqing , Peng Xiaojun , Chen Chuangbin , Li Wenting , Wang Fengsong , Cao Lejie , Yi Xingling , Wu Zhiwei , Li Jing , Fan Pingsheng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSuberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is a well-known histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and has been used as practical therapy for breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is previously demonstrated that SAHA treatment could extensively change the profile of acetylome and proteome in cancer cells. However, little is known about the impact of SAHA on other protein modifications and the crosstalks among different modifications and proteome, hindering the deep understanding of SAHA-mediated cancer therapy. In this work, by using SILAC technique, antibody-based affinity enrichment and high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis, we investigated quantitative proteome, acetylome and ubiquitylome as well as crosstalks among the three datasets in A549 cells toward SAHA treatment. In total, 2968 proteins, 1099 acetylation sites and 1012 ubiquitination sites were quantified in response to SAHA treatment, respectively. With the aid of intensive bioinformatics, we revealed that the proteome and ubiquitylome were negatively related upon SAHA treatment. Moreover, the impact of SAHA on acetylome resulted in 258 up-regulated and 99 down-regulated acetylation sites at the threshold of 1.5 folds. Finally, we identified 55 common sites with both acetylation and ubiquitination, among which ubiquitination level in 43 sites (78.2%) was positive related to acetylation level.
Efficient visible-light photocatalytic degradation system assisted by conventional Pd catalysis
Authors: Yu Yanlong , He Tao , Guo Lingju , Yang Yajun , Guo Limei , Tang Yue , Cao Yaan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDifferent approaches like doping and sensitization have been used to develop photocatalysts that can lead to high reactivity under visible-light illumination, which would allow efficient utilization of solar irradiation and even interior lighting. We demonstrated a conceptually different approach by changing reaction route via introducing the idea of conventional Pd catalysis used in cross-coupling reactions into photocatalysis. The –O–Pd–Cl surface species modified on Ni-doped TiO2 can play a role the same as that in chemical catalysis, resulting in remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation. For instance, Pd/Ni-TiO2 has much higher activity than N-TiO2 (about 3 ~ 9 times for all of the 4-XP systems) upon irradiation with wavelength of 420 nm. The catalytically active Pd(0) is achieved by reduction of photogenerated electrons from Ni-TiO2. Given high efficient, stable Pd catalysts or other suitable chemical catalysts, this concept may enable realization of the practical applications of photocatalysis.
Long‐lasting partnership between insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction: role of metabolic memory
Authors: Tallapragada Divya Sri Priyanka , Karpe Pinakin Arun , Tikoo Kulbhushan 
Published: March 2015

Background and PurposeThe persistence of deleterious effects of hyperglycaemia even after glucose normalization is referred to as ‘metabolic memory’. However, similar persistent effects of the metabolic consequences of a high fat diet (HFD) have not been described.Experimental ApproachRats were given a normal pellet diet (NPD) or a HFD for 3 months. The animals from the HFD group were then returned to the NPD to observe the long‐term effects of insulin resistance. Endothelial dysfunction was assessed by carbachol‐mediated vasorelaxation and eNOS phosphorylation.Key ResultsAs expected, HFD consumption resulted in insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Phosphorylation of eNOS at S1177 was decreased in HFD rats, compared with that in the NPD group. Rats on 3 months of HFD showed glucose intolerance and impaired insulin sensitivity and were then switched back to NPD (REV group) . Levels of cholesterol and triglyceride, and adiposity returned to normal in REV rats. However, endothelium‐dependent vascular responses to carbachol which were impaired in HFD rats, continued to be impaired in REV rats. Similarly, decreased eNOS phosphorylation after HFD was not improved after 1 or 6 months of REV.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur data indicate that returning to NPD did not improve the insulin sensitivity or the endothelial dysfunction induced by HFD. Although some biochemical parameters responsible for insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction were normalized, molecular and vascular abnormalities, involving NO, persisted for several months, highlighting the long‐lasting effects of metabolic memory.
Evaluation of risk‐factor‐based screening for thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity in pregnancy
Authors: Aghajanian Paola , Spencer Carole A. , Wilson Melissa L. , Lee Richard H. , Goodwin Thomas M. , Mestman Jorge H. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryObjectiveTo determine whether risk‐factor‐based screening for thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy performs well for detecting thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), a marker for autoimmune thyroid disease.Study DesignWe prospectively evaluated pregnant women for thyroid dysfunction using The Endocrine Society's eleven screening questions. Serum was analysed for TPOAb.ResultWe enrolled 546 women. TPOAb positivity was higher in women with a personal (odds ratio (OR) = 8·0; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1·7–37·4; P = 0·02) or family history of thyroid disease (OR = 2·7; 95% CI = 1·3–5·7; P = 0·02). There was no association between the number of positive responses and TPOAb positivity (P = 0·41). Risk‐factor‐based screening missed 18 women (33%) with TPOAb.ConclusionOne‐third of women with TPOAb were missed by the case‐finding method. A personal or family history of thyroid disease was most strongly associated with TPOAb positivity.