bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KONSEP DAN IMPLEMENTASI KEPEMIMPINAN ISLAMI DI UIN MALIKI MALANG
Authors: Diana Ilfi Nur 
Published: November 2015

<p>Moslem intellectuals, inter alia : al Farabi, al Mawardi, al Ghazali, Ibnu Taimiyah, Inbu Khaldun, and Jamaludin al Afghani have factually addressed concepts of Islamic leadership since the classical era. Unfortunately, only a few Moslem researchers further study them and they are not yet further developed optimally. Accordingly, it is deemed necessary to further study about Islamic leadership by identifying the parameters advocated by Moslem leaders</p> <p>The purpose of this study is to explore of Islamic leadership at Maliki Islamic State University (UIN) Malang. This research used 144 employees as samples. To test Islamic leadership at this unversity, factor analysis is used.</p> <p>The results of factor analysis showed that of the 30 proposed questions, 5 of them were excluded, namely :sincerity (not expecting material rewards), tenacity, friendliness, firmness to give sanctions to indiscipline subordinates and deliberation (openness to accept inputs from subordinates), and the extracted factors were 8 Accumulatively, Islamic leadership was justified by 68.8%. p. It was conclusive that the research contributed to Islamic leadership parameters adopted from the thoughts of classical through modern Moslem intelectuals.</p>
Leave before it's too late: anthropogenic and environmental triggers of autumn migration in a hunted ungulate population
Authors: Rivrud Inger Maren , Bischof Richard , Meisingset Erling L. , Zimmermann Barbara , Loe Leif Egil , Mysterud Atle 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAutumn has to a large extent been neglected in the climate effect literature, yet autumn events, e.g., plant senescence and animal migration, affect fitness of animals differently than spring events. Understanding how variables including plant phenology influence timing of autumn migrations is important to gain a comprehensive understanding of the full annual cycle of migratory species. Here we use 13 yr of data from 60 male and 168 female red deer (Cervus elaphus) to identify triggers of autumn migration. We relate the timing of autumn migration to environmental variables like snow fall, temperature, and plant phenology (NDVI), and to onset of hunting, sex, and migration distance. Severe weather has been suggested as the main trigger of autumn migration, but we found that the majority of the individuals had left the summer range well before snow fall (80.3%) and frost (70.5%), and also before the peak deterioration in forage quality (71.9%). Declining temperatures were associated with a higher daily migration potential. Onset of hunting showed the largest effect on migration potential, with a marked increase during the first days of hunting. Individuals still present in the summer range when snow fall, frost, or peak forage deterioration occurred showed a significantly higher migration potential around these events. Males were less responsive to environmental cues, suggesting rutting activity, starting earlier in males, initiate movement prior to such conditions. Also, individuals with longer migration distances had a higher migration potential late in the season than individuals with shorter migration distances. Our study shows that factors beyond weather and plant phenology, such as onset of hunting, may be important triggers of autumn migration. Severe weather and forage deterioration were important triggers for the individuals experiencing this, which suggests a hierarchical response to environmental cues. The trade‐off between staying longer in the summer range and increased energy expenditures if surprised by severe weather is asymmetric, and leaving well in advance can be seen as a risk‐averse tactic.
Multiple processes generate productivity–diversity relationships in experimental wood‐fall communities
Authors: McClain Craig R. , Barry James P. , Eernisse Douglas , Horton Tammy , Judge Jenna , Kakui Keiichi , Mah Chris , Warén Anders 
Published: November 2015

AbstractEnergy availability has long been recognized as a predictor of community structure, and changes in both terrestrial and marine productivity under climate change necessitate a deeper understanding of this relationship. The productivity–diversity relationship (PDR) is well explored in both empirical and theoretical work in ecology, but numerous questions remain. Here, we test four different theories for PDRs (More‐Individuals Hypothesis, Resource‐Ratio Theory, More Specialization Theory, and the Connectivity–Diversity Hypothesis) with experimental deep‐sea wood falls. We manipulated productivity by altering wood‐fall sizes and measured responses after 5 and 7 years. In November 2006, 32 Acacia sp. logs were deployed at 3203 m in the Northeast Pacific Ocean (Station Deadwood: 36.154098° N, 122.40852° W). Overall, we found a significant increase in diversity with increased wood‐fall size for these communities. Increases in diversity with wood‐fall size occurred because of the addition of rare species and increases of overall abundance, although individual species responses varied. We also found that limited dispersal helped maintain the positive PDR relationship. Our experiment suggests that multiple interacting mechanisms influence PDRs.
Non-Recurrence Complications of Fibrin Glue Use in Pterygium Surgery: Prevention and Management
Authors: Hüseyin Cagatay Halil , Gökçe Gökçen , Mete Alper , Koban Yaran , Ekinci Metin 
Published: November 2015

Purpose :
To present complications of using fibrin glue in conjunctival-limbal autografting in pterygium
surgeries other than recurrences and discuss their prevention and management strategies.

Materials and Methodology:
The charts of all patients who underwent fibrin glue assisted pterygium excision surgery with
conjunctival-limbal autograft transplantation from 2010 to 2013 were reviewed. Patients who developed complications
except recurrence postoperatively were included in this study.

Results :
Sixteen (17.39%) of the 92 patients were detected with a complication. Graft dehiscence was diagnosed in 7
(7.6%) patients with 5 of them treated conservatively and 2 patients requiring suturing. Five (5.43%) patients were
diagnosed with cyst formation between the graft and conjunctiva or in the graft-removal area; these cysts were primarily
excised and no additional problems occurred. Corneal dellen developed in 3 (3.26%) patients and 2 of them regressed
after cessation of topical steroids and application of lubricant therapy while one was treated with amniotic membrane
transplantation. Residual fibrin glue particles had stiffened on the ocular surface, which resulted in intensive pain and
irritation in one (1.08%) patient on the same day of the surgery. The patient’s complaints were reduced by removing these
particles from the ocular surface under topical anesthesia.

Conclusion :
Complications in fibrin glue assisted pterygium surgery are relatively different from other techniques. To
avoid potential complications of fibrin glue in pterygium surgery, peroperatively ophthalmologists should ensure the
conjunctival autograft and conjunctiva are properly adhered, fibrin glue remnants are completely removed from the ocular
surface, and no Tenon’s capsule remains between the graft and the conjunctiva.
Screening for breast cancer with Breast-CT in a ProHTA simulation
Authors: Ruile Georg , Djanatliev Anatoli , Kriza Christine , Meier Florian , Leb Ines , Kalender Willi A , Kolominsky-Rabas Peter L ,   ; on behalf of the National Leading-Edge Cluster Medical Technologies ‘Medical Valley EMN’
Published: November 2015

Aims:
The potential of dedicated Breast-CT is evaluated by simulating its impact onto the performance of the German breast cancer screening program. Attendance rates, cancer detection and economic implications are quantified.
Methods:
Based on a prospective health technology assessment approach, we simulated screening in different scenarios.
Results:
In the simulation, attendance rates increase from 54 to up to 72% due to reduced pain. Breast cancers will be detected earlier while nodal positives and distant recurrences decrease. Assuming no additional cost, cost savings of up to €55 million in one screening period are computed.
Conclusion:
The simulation indicates that earlier cancer detection, fewer unnecessary biopsies and less pain are potential benefits of Breast-CT resulting in cost savings and higher attendance.
Crystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Nanosilica-Reinforced Isotactic Polypropylene Composites
Authors: Li J. , Long L.-J. , He W.-T. , Zhang K. , Xiang Y.-S. , Zhang J. , Zhang M.-M. , Yang C.-P. , Yu J. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Two different types of inorganic silica fillers, nano-silica powder (NSP) and colloidal silica sol (CSS) were added into isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with low silica content (0.2 wt%) and the influence of the two silica fillers on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of iPP were investigated. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) results showed that the crystallization temperature of iPP with CSS and NSP were increased by 4.1 °C, and 2.4 °C, respectively. The tensile strength, flexural strength, and izod impact strength of iPP/CSS (33.75 MPa, 33.04 MPa, and 4.80 kJ/m2) were higher than that of iPP/NSP (32.09 MPa, 32.27 MPa, and 4.25 kJ/m2). In addition, the haze value of iPP/CSS was decreased from 37.6 % to 27.6 %, which was 4.7 % lower than that of iPP/NSP (32.3 %). The better performance of CSS as ascribed to its better dispersion ability in iPP matrix than NSP, and it was verified by scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Overall, these results indicated that inorganic silica sols had a potential application in the nanoparticle-reinforced composites field.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Amides as Slip Additives in Polypropylene
Authors: Coelho F. , Vieira L. F. , Benavides R. , da Silva Paula M. Marques , Bernardin A. M. , Magnago R. F. , da Silva L. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In this study, we describe the synthesis of amides and evaluate their use as slip additive agents in polypropylene films. The additives N-isopropyl-stearamide and N,N-diisopropyl-stearamide were synthesized and characterized and then used to prepare masterbatches. Erucamide, a commercial masterbatch, was used as the reference standard. A 32 factorial experimental design was used to create the different compositions of slip additives in polymer films. The films were processed via flat-die extrusion and stored in an oven at a constant temperature of 40 °C for seven days. The following are the properties evaluated in the study: thermal decomposition temperature, fusion temperature, fusion enthalpy, coefficient of friction, surface energy, contact angle, and seal initiation temperature. The results were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 90 % confidence interval. The analysis of the results showed that N-isopropyl stearamide and N,N-diisopropyl stearamide do not provide an adequate surface slip for polypropylene films at the conditions used in the study. In turn, at the same conditions, erucamide, the commercial amide, also does not provide the required surface energy for printing and lamination processes required for polypropylene films.
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a review
Authors: Fewel Matthew E. , Thompson B. Gregory , Hoff Julian T. 
Published: November 2015

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) is a blood clot that arises in the brain parenchyma in the absence of trauma or surgery. This entity accounts for 10 to 15% of all strokes and is associated with a higher mortality rate than either ischemic stroke or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Common causes include hypertension, amyloid angiopathy, coagulopathy, vascular anomalies, tumors, and various drugs. Hypertension, however, remains the single greatest modifiable risk factor for SICH. Computerized tomography scanning is the initial diagnostic modality of choice in SICH, and angiography should be considered in all cases except those involving older patients with preexisting hypertension in thalamic, putaminal, or cerebellar hemorrhage. Medical management includes venous thrombosis prophylaxis, gastric cytoprotection, and aggressive rehabilitation. Anticonvulsant agents should be prescribed in supratentorial SICH, whereas the management of hypertension is controversial.
To date, nine prospective randomized controlled studies have been conducted to compare surgical and medical management of SICH. Although definitive evidence favoring surgical intervention is lacking, there is good theoretical rationale for early surgical intervention. Surgery should be considered in patients with moderate to large lobar or basal ganglia hemorrhages and those suffering progressive neurological deterioration. Elderly patients in whom the Glasgow Coma Scale score is less than 5, those with brainstem hemorrhages, and those with small hemorrhages do not typically benefit from surgery. Patients with cerebellar hemorrhages larger than 3 cm, those with brainstem compression and hydrocephalus, or those exhibiting neurological deterioration should undergo surgical evacuation of the clot. It is hoped that the forthcoming results of the International Surgical Trial in IntraCerebral Hemorrhage will help formulate evidence-based recommendations regarding the role of surgery in SICH.
Réponse à la sécheresse de conifères indigènes et exotiques: une étude dendroécologique
Authors: Lévesque Mathieu , Rigling Andreas , Brang Peter 
Published: November 2015

Drought response of native and non-native conifers: a dendroecological study
The sensitivity to drought of five conifers was studied along a climatic gradient covering the northern flank of the Swiss Alps, the Swiss Plateau, the Jura foothills and the central Alps. Three native species, i.e., Norway spruce, Scots pine and European larch, and two non-native species, i.e., Douglas fir and black pine, were analyzed. A total of 770 trees on 14 sites were sampled. To assess the sensitivity of conifers to drought, dendroecological analyses were performed for the period 1941–2006. On dry sites in the central Alps, spring water deficits sharply reduce growth, while on mesic sites located on the Swiss Plateau and the Jura foothills summer droughts significantly restrict growth. Spruce, larch and Scots pine are, depending on the site conditions, the most vulnerable species to extreme droughts, which implies that their long-term performance and survival may be compromised if the climate becomes warmer and drier. Conversely, black pine and Douglas fir were less drought-sensitive and grew faster than native species along the gradient. Selecting species with different but complementary strategies regarding drought could secure the productivity and efficiency of water use of forest stands and increase their resistance to climate change.
Verjüngungspotenzial verschiedener Waldföhrenund Fichtenherkünfte bei variabler Trockenheit
Authors: Moser Barbara , Metslaid Marek , Walthert Lorenz , Wasem Ulrich , Wohlgemuth Thomas 
Published: November 2015

Regeneration potential of different Scots pine and Norway spruce provenances under variable drought
Rising temperatures will lead to extended periods of summer drought, which may challenge the persistence of Scots pine and Norway spruce in dry alpine valleys where these species play an important role in the protection against natural hazards. We tested whether the natural regeneration of the two species in the Rhine valley near Chur, Switzerland, might be limited under future climatic conditions and we compared the performance of autochthonous provenances with that of seedlings originating from regions with already drier summer climate such as the Rhone valley, continental Eastern Europe or the Mediterranean basin. Seeds of Scots pine and Norway spruce were sown repeatedly in forest clearings at three south-exposed sites in the Rhine valley near Chur, Switzerland. Soil moisture was manipulated to a minor extent with throughfall reduction roofs. In both species, regeneration success was primarily driven by the weather conditions during the three months following seed sowing: the seedlings having emerged in the rainy spring of 2013 had a higher survival rate and accumulated up to five times more aboveground biomass than the seedlings emerging in the dry spring of 2011. In years with an average or even positive water balance, Scots pine seedlings were able to establish at all sites. In Norway spruce, by contrast, establishment rate exceeded 10% of viable seeds only at the site with the highest water retention capacity. In years with a positive water balance during spring, the seedlings from the Rhine and Rhone valleys outperformed those from most Mediterranean and Eastern European provenances, while no differences between provenances were found in the dry spring of 2011. We suggest that periodical regeneration of Scots pine will be likely in the Rhine valley even under future climatic conditions, whereas the establishment of Norway spruce may remain an exceptional event in dry, south-exposed clearings.
Empfindlichkeit typischer Schweizer Waldbestände auf den Klimawandel
Authors: Bircher Nicolas , Cailleret Maxime , Huber Markus , Bugmann Harald 
Published: November 2015

Sensitivity of typical Swiss forest stands to climate change
In Switzerland, first climate-induced changes of forest ecosystems can be observed. However, it is widely unknown how and to what extent the typical (widespread) forest stands will respond to future climate change. With the data of the third National forest inventory and the forest succession model ForClim we examined the development 71 typical stands under current and future climatic conditions (A2 emission scenario) with and without management, respectively. The simulations show a weak response until the middle of the century. In contrast, an increased sensitivity towards the end of the century becomes apparent, expressed by declines of basal area at lower elevations, respectively increases at higher elevations. The responses of forest stands are depending on site-specific characteristics. For example, Norway spruce is expected to decline up to higher elevations. Our results show an increase of deciduous tree species in higher elevation zones, particularly if management is applied. The impacts of climate change on important forest ecosystems services vary along a bioclimatic elevation gradient. Thereby, current forest management shows approaches how to at least partly counteract adverse effects of climate change. However, target- and site-specific strategies are needed and, particularly with regard to lower elevations, more knowledge on the potential of tree species to adapt is required.
COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR DIFFERENT YIELD COMPONENTS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.) INBRED LINES
Authors: Haydar F. M. A. , Paul N. K. 
Published: November 2015

The present study was carried out to determine the combining ability of yield and yield components by crossing six diverse maize inbred lines in a half diallel mating design. Fifteen F1 progenies along with their six parents were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. GCA to SCA ratios were less than one for plant height, cob diameter, cob length and number of kernels row/cob indicating a preponderance of additive over non additive gene action. The crosses P1×P2, P3×P5 and P5×P6 were exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for yield and cob diameter, number of row/cob and number of grains/cob of yield contributing characters. The parents P1 (IL4), P3 (IL18)and P5 (IL23 were good general combiner for grain yield and yield attributing characters. It can be concluded that these parental lines can be desirable parents for hybrids as well as for inclusion in breeding program, since they may contribute favorable alleles in the synthesis of new varieties.
Prophylactic Use of Ketamine Hydrochloride For Prevention of Post Operative Shivering
Authors: Begum Rabeya , Islam Rezaul , Sarker Parash Chandra , Karmakar Kamal Krishna , Alam ABM Muksudul 
Published: November 2015

Postoperative shivering is one of the recognized complications following general, regional anaesthesia and also effect of some surgical procedure specially in the recovery room. Shivering increases the muscular activity, O2 consumption, CO2 production and may result in hypoxaemia, hypercarbia and lactic acidosis. It is not only uncomfortable but also cold sensation which is even worse feeling than pain sensation. As a result preventing the symptoms is clearly desirable and beneficial for the patient. Different methods are suggested for prevention of postoperative shivering including biogenic monoamines, cholinomimetcis, cations, endogenous peptides, opioids, GA agents, NMDA antagonists. The present study was designed to compare the efficacy of ketamine on the patients undergoing elective surgery for prevention of postoperative shivering. The study was also done to deffect incidence of shivering, haemodynamic status, untoward effects of drug used (hallucination, unpurposeful movement, restlessness). A total number of 60 patients of ASA I and II grade of both sex, age range 30-60 yrs, weight 50-70 kg, undergoing elective gynaecological surgery was randomly selected into two groups Gr K and Gr P and received ketamine 5mg. kg-1 and placebo (normal saline) respectively at 20 minutes before the end of the operation. In the postoperative period, incidences of shivering were 80% & 50% in group "K" and "P" which are highly significant between the groups P<.001. Cardiovascular parameters SAP, DAP, MAP and SpO2 between the groups were not significant P> .05. The study showed that patients of group ‘K' were less shivering with good recovery. Key words: Postoperative shivering, ketamine. Journal of BSA, Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2008 29-35