bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equitable List Coloring of Graphs with Bounded Degree
Authors: Kierstead H. A. , Kostochka A. V. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA graph G is equitably k‐choosable if for every k‐list assignment L there exists an L‐coloring of G such that every color class has at most vertices. We prove results toward the conjecture that every graph with maximum degree at most r is equitably ‐choosable. In particular, we confirm the conjecture for and show that every graph with maximum degree at most r and at least r3 vertices is equitably ‐choosable. Our proofs yield polynomial algorithms for corresponding equitable list colorings.
Four Decades of Creative Vision: Insights from an Evaluation of the Future Problem Solving Program International (FPSPI)
Authors: Treffinger Donald J. , Solomon Marianne , Woythal Deb 
Published: December 2012

AbstractE. Paul Torrance, a pioneer in creative education, and his associates founded the Future Problem Solving Program (now FPSPI, or Future Problem Solving Program International) in the mid‐1970s as a competitive, interscholastic program and as a curriculum project integrating creative problem‐solving and future studies. Since its founding, the program has emerged to be international in scope, and has expanded to incorporate multiple components to engage students’ creative strengths and talents in varied ways. This report presents highlights of an international evaluation of the program, the results of which support and sustain Torrance's creative vision for education.
How to Promote Innovative Behavior at Work? The Role of Justice and Support Within Organizations
Authors: Young Linn D. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTo provide a more developed research model of innovation in organizations, we reconsidered current thinking about the effects of organizational justice on innovative behavior at work. We investigated the mediating role of perceived organizational support (POS) between the two constructs. As hypothesized, empirical results showed that justice dimensions were related to innovative behavior of employees, whereas all of their relationships became no longer significant when POS intervened (full mediation). This indicates that organizational justice promotes innovative behavior through the psychological mechanism of POS rather than directly. We discussed implications and limitations of this study, and proposed future research avenues.
Ultra‐thin, high performance tunnel junctions for III–V multijunction cells
Authors: Bauhuis Gerard J. , Mulder Peter , Schermer John J. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTTunnel junctions (TJ) made of p‐Al0.1 Ga0.9As/n‐GaAs are used because of their high peak current and low series resistance, but are not fully transparent. The influence of reducing the thickness of these tunnel junctions on the characteristics of InGaP/GaAs tandem cells was investigated. It was found that ultra‐thin TJs with excellent performance can be realized. Even for a 7.5/6‐nm thick TJ, which is the thinnest possible in our growth reactor, the peak current density is at least 600 A/cm2. The series resistance of the TJs was found to be at a constant level of 0.6 ± 0.2 mΩ cm2 for all total thicknesses of the TJ in the 13.5–40 nm range. Because of a lower absorption in the TJ, a tandem cell with a 7.5/6‐nm thick TJ, compared with a cell with a 20/20‐nm thick TJ, gained 0.53 ± 0.05 mA/cm2 in short circuit current to a value of 14.8 mA/cm2. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mortality Pattern in Surgical Wards of a University Teaching Hospital in Southwest Nigeria: A Review
Authors: Ayoade Babatunde A. , Thanni Lateef O. , Shonoiki‐Oladipupo Olatunji 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere are many reports from different parts of the world addressing different aspects of surgical mortality. There are few reports from our country, however, and most of them have dealt with mortality in the emergency room. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mortality associated with surgical care and the trends in prevalence of surgical mortality. We used our results as benchmarks to identify areas of improvement.MethodsThe records of all patients who died during admission for surgical care in Olabisi Onabanjo Teaching Hospital Sagamu between January 2006 and December 2010 were studied retrospectively. Relevant data were extracted, including demographics, surgical diagnosis, co‐morbid conditions, length of hospital stay, surgical procedure performed, outcome of treatment, and date of death. Results were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.ResultsThe total admission in the surgical wards for 2005–2010 was 5,444, with a total of 2,217 surgical operations carried out during the same period. There were 277 (5.09 %) deaths (165 male and 112 female patients). Of 277 deaths, only 170 case notes (61 %) were available for review. Primary causes of death were classified as cancer (50 deaths, 29.4 %), trauma (66, 38.8 %), infection/inflammatory (16, 9.4 %), and other (38, 22.4 %). Surgical operations were performed in 60 (35.3 %) of the patients who died. No surgery was done in 110 (64.7 %) of those who died.ConclusionsThe pattern of surgical mortality is not directly related to surgical procedures as most of the deaths occurred in the nonoperative care group. Trauma‐associated deaths topped the list.
Blunt Hollow Viscus and Mesenteric Injury: Still Underrecognized
Authors: Matsushima Kazuhide , Mangel Patricia S. , Schaefer Eric W. , Frankel Heidi L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundDespite the availability of more accurate imaging modalities, specifically multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), the diagnosis of non‐ischemic (NI‐) and ischemic (I‐) blunt hollow viscus and mesenteric injury (BHVMI) remains challenging. We hypothesized that BHVMI can be still missed with newer generations of MDCT and that patients with I‐BHVMI have a poorer outcome than those with NI‐BHVMI.MethodsWe performed an eight‐year retrospective review at a level 1 trauma center. Ischemic‐BHVMI was defined as devascularization confirmed at laparotomy. Non‐ischemic‐BHVMI included perforation, laceration, and hematoma without devascularization. The sensitivity of each generation of MDCT for BHVMI was calculated. Potential predictors and outcomes of I‐BHVMI were compared to the NI‐BHVMI group.ResultsOf 7,875 blunt trauma patients, 67 patients (0.8 %) were included in the BHVMI group; 13 patients did not have any CT findings suggestive of BHVMI (sensitivity 81 %), and 11 of them underwent surgical intervention without delay (<5 h). Newer generations of MDCT were not associated with higher sensitivity. Patients with I‐BHVMI had a significantly higher rate of delayed laparotomy ≥12 h (23 % versus 2 %; p = 0.01) and a significantly longer length of hospital stay (median 14 versus 9 days; p = 0.02) than those with NI‐BHVMI.ConclusionsEven using an advanced imaging technique, the diagnosis of I‐BHVMI can be delayed, with significant negative impact on patient outcome.
Aggressive and Prosocial Behavior: Community Violence, Cognitive, and Behavioral Predictors Among Urban African American Youth
Authors: McMahon Susan D. , Todd Nathan R. , Martinez Andrew , Coker Crystal , Sheu Ching-Fan , Washburn Jason , Shah Seema 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe use longitudinal multilevel modeling to test how exposure to community violence and cognitive and behavioral factors contribute to the development of aggressive and prosocial behaviors. Specifically, we examine predictors of self‐, peer‐, and teacher‐reported aggressive and prosocial behavior among 266 urban, African American early adolescents. We examine lagged, within‐person, between‐person, and protective effects across 2 years. In general, results suggest that higher levels of violence exposure and aggressive beliefs are associated with more aggressive and less prosocial peer‐reported behavior, whereas greater self‐efficacy to resolve conflict peacefully is associated with less aggression across reporters and more teacher‐reported prosocial behavior. Greater knowledge and violence prevention skills are associated with fewer aggressive and more prosocial teacher‐reported behaviors. Results also suggest that greater self‐efficacy and lower impulsivity have protective effects for youth reporting higher levels of exposure to community violence, in terms of teacher‐reported aggressive behavior and peer‐reported prosocial behavior. Differences among reporters and models are discussed, as well as implications for intervention.
Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase induces glioma cells proliferation and invasion by stabilizing forkhead box M1
Authors: Liu Jinlong , Guo Shaolei , Li Qingzhi , Yang Lixuan , Xia Zhibai , Zhang Longjuan , Huang Zhengsong , Zhang Nu 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is the first enzyme branching from glycolysis in the three-step serine biosynthetic pathway. Recent evidence has shown that PHGDH is amplified in human breast cancer and melanoma and plays a key role in cancer metabolism. However, PHGDH expression in glioma and a potential non-metabolic role in tumorigenesis have not been reported. We analyzed PHGDH levels in specimens from glioma patients and found that PHGDH, although negative in normal brain tissues, was highly expressed in astrocytic tumors and increasingly expressed in more aggressive cancer types. Inhibition of PHGDH expression in glioma cells downregulated the expression of VEGF, MMP-2, CHK2 and cyclin D1 and reduced glioma cell proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, we found that the oncogenic transcription factor FOXM1 was also downregulated in PHDGH-silenced glioma cells. Using LC/LC MS analysis, we identified PHGDH as a novel binding partner of FOXM1. PHGDH interacted with and stabilized FOXM1 at the protein level, promoting the proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity of glioma cells. Our data identified PHGDH as a potential prognostic marker of glial brain tumors and identified a non-metabolic role for PHGDH in glioma tumorigenesis, providing a novel angle of targeting the PHGDH–FOXM1 axis in future brain tumor therapy.
Collaborative Study for the Analysis of Glycidyl Fatty Acid Esters in Edible Oils using LC–MS
Authors: Blumhorst Michael R. , Collison Mark W. , Cantrill Richard , Shiro Hiroki , Masukawa Yoshinori , Kawai Shigeru , Yasunaga Koichi 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAn interlaboratory study was conducted to evaluate a method for determining glycidyl fatty acid esters (GE) in edible oils. Samples were dissolved in tert‐butyl methyl ether/ethyl acetate and subjected to two solid‐phase extraction (SPE) steps. The first SPE step utilized methanol elution from a C18 cartridge, and the second SPE step utilized n‐hexane/ethyl acetate elution from a silica cartridge. The final extract was analyzed using liquid chromatography with a single quadrupole mass spectrometer in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Quantification was performed using external standardization. Eighteen samples (9 oils × 2 blind duplicates) were assayed for glycidyl palmitate, glycidyl stearate, glycidyl oleate, glycidyl linoleate and glycidyl linolenate by 17 collaborating laboratories from seven countries. Sample matrices included palm, olive, corn, soybean and rapeseed oils. Repeatability (RSDr) ranged from 6.85 to 19.88 % and reproducibility (RSDR) ranged from 16.58 to 35.52 % for samples containing greater than 0.5 mg/kg of individual GE. HORRATR values ranged from 0.62 to 14.70 for determination of total GE. The method provides acceptable results for quantification of GE in edible oils.
Influence of Temperature on the Fatty Acid Composition of the Oil From Sunflower Genotypes Grown in Tropical Regions
Authors: Grunvald Anna Karolina , de Carvalho Claudio Guilherme Portela , Leite Rodrigo Santos , Mandarino José Marcos Gontijo , de Bastos Andrade Carlos Alberto , Amabile Renato Fernando , de Paulo Campos Godinho Vicente 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe influence of temperature on the fatty acid composition of the oils from conventional and high oleic sunflower genotypes grown in tropical regions was evaluated under various environmental conditions in Brazil (from 0° S to 23° S). The amounts of the oleic, linoleic, palmitic and stearic fatty acids from the sunflower oil were determined using gas chromatography (GC). The environment exhibited little influence on the amounts of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in high oleic genotypes of sunflower. In conventional genotypes, there was broad variation in the average amounts of these two fatty acids, mainly as a function of the minimum temperature. Depending on the temperature, especially during the maturation of the seeds, the amount of oleic acid in the oil of conventional sunflower genotypes could exceed 70 %. Higher temperatures led to average increases of up to 35 % for this fatty acid. Although the minimum temperature had the strongest effect on the fatty acid composition, locations at the same latitude with different minimum temperatures displayed similar values for both oleic acid and linoleic acid. Furthermore, minimum temperature had little influence on the amounts of palmitic and stearic fatty acids in the oil.
Acrolein Production from Crude Glycerol in Sub‐ and Super‐Critical Water
Authors: Cheng Leming , Liu Lu , Ye X. Philip 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTo better understand the effects of water properties on the reaction characteristics of acrolein production from glycerol, dehydration of refined glycerol and crude glycerol was comparatively conducted in both sub‐ and super‐critical water states, and the effect of changing water properties was studied to optimize the reaction conditions. The effects of reaction temperature, pressure, residence time, water/glycerol ratio, and catalyst concentration on the yields and distribution of chemical products were also examined. Acrolein yield >80 mol% from both refined glycerol and crude glycerol can be achieved by controlling water properties in the sub‐critical water state with the addition of sulfuric acid as a homogeneous catalyst and the formation of undesired acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde can be greatly restrained. These results provide valuable information for the production of value‐added chemicals from crude glycerol.
Delayed onset post-traumatic bilateral facial nerve paralysis – A rare case report
Authors: Vijay Sundar I. , Kurmi Dhruba Jyoti , Rao Kishore , Sharma Vinod , Chopra Sanjeev , Jain S.K. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBilateral facial nerve palsy [FNP] is a rare condition which in most instances is idiopathic. Traumatic brain injury causing bilateral FNP is even more rare and brings with it unique neurosurgical considerations. Delayed presentation of bilateral FNP after mild head injury is socially debilitating as well as neurosurgically puzzling. We present a case of delayed onset bilateral FNP who developed FNP two weeks after mild head injury along with a brief discussion of the peculiar anatomical characteristics and management options of this condition.
2-subnormal quadratic offenders and Oliver's p-group conjecture
Authors: Lynd Justin 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBob Oliver conjectures that if p is an odd prime and S is a finite p-group, then the Oliver subgroup $\mathfrak{X}(S)$ contains the Thompson subgroup Je(S). A positive resolution of this conjecture would give the existence and uniqueness of centric linking systems for fusion systems at odd primes. Using the ideas and work of Glauberman, we prove that if p ≥ 5, G is a finite p-group, and V is an elementary abelian p-group which is an F-module for G, then there exists a quadratic offender which is 2-subnormal (normal in its normal closure) in G. We apply this to show that Oliver's Conjecture holds provided that the quotient $G=S/\mathfrak{X}(S)$ has class at most log2(p − 2) + 1, or p ≥ 5 and G is equal to its own Baumann subgroup.
Platinum-group element geochemistry of intraplate basalts from the Aleppo Plateau, NW Syria
Authors: MA GEORGE S.-K. , MALPAS JOHN , GAO JIAN-FENG , WANG KUO-LUNG , QI LIANG , XENOPHONTOS COSTAS 
Published: December 2012

AbstractEarly–Middle Miocene intraplate basalts from the Aleppo Plateau, NW Syria have been analysed for their platinum-group elements (PGEs). They contain extremely low PGE abundances, comparable with most alkali basalts, such as those from Hawaii, and mid-ocean ridge basalts. The low abundances, together with high Pd/Ir, Pt/Ir, Ni/Ir, Cu/Pd, Y/Pt and Cu/Zr are consistent with sulphide fractionation, which likely occurred during partial melting and melt extraction within the mantle. Some of the basalts are too depleted in PGEs to be explained solely by partial melting of a primitive mantle-like source. Such ultra-low PGE abundances, however, are possible if the source contains some mafic lithologies. Many of the basalts also exhibit suprachondritic Pd/Pt ratios of up to an order of magnitude higher than primitive mantle and chondrite, an increase too high to be attributable to fractionation of spinel and silicate minerals alone. The elevated Pd/Pt, associated with a decrease in Pt but not Ir and Ru, are also inconsistent with removal of Pt-bearing PGE minerals or alloys, which should have concurrently lowered Pt, Ir and Ru. In contrast, melting of a metasomatized source comprising sulphides whose Pt and to a lesser extent Rh were selectively mobilized through interaction with silicate melts, may provide an explanation.
Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea following grommet insertion: management using a multi-layered graft technique and an important lesson revisited
Authors: Patil S , Trinidade A , Yung M , Donnelly N 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackground:A spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak can sometimes only become apparent following grommet insertion and usually represents dehiscence of the tegmen tympani, which is an uncommon condition.Objectives:This report aimed to reaffirm the importance of recognising this unusual presentation and outline management options.Case report:A 63-year-old man with conductive hearing loss and type B (flat) tympanometry underwent grommet insertion into his left ear, which resulted in cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea. A defect of the tegmen tympani was found. This was successfully repaired via a transmastoid approach using a multi-layered grafting technique.Conclusion:Dehiscence of the tegmen tympani is uncommon and may only come to light following grommet insertion, which may be problematic for the uninformed otolaryngologist. Education is important to ensure early recognition and appropriate management.
Congenital cholesteatoma in identical twins
Authors: Al Balushi T , Naik J Z , Al Khabori M 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjective:We present an extremely rare case of congenital cholesteatoma in identical twins.Method:Case report of congenital cholesteatoma in identical twins, and a literature review, are presented.Results:Both cases presented to the ENT out-patient clinic, but with different clinical pictures. Both were managed surgically.Conclusion:Congenital cholesteatoma presents as a whitish mass in the middle ear, with an intact tympanic membrane. It is a rare entity comprising between 3.7 and 24 per cent of total cholesteatoma cases. The key to its diagnosis is the absence of previous ear infection, ear surgery and local trauma. To our best knowledge, this paper represents the first report in the world literature of congenital cholesteatoma in identical twins.
Update on the treatment of anorexia nervosa: review of clinical trials, practice guidelines and emerging interventions
Authors: Watson H. J. , Bulik C. M. 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundAnorexia nervosa is a potentially deadly psychiatric illness that develops predominantly in females around puberty but is increasingly being recognized as also affecting boys and men and women across the lifespan. The aim of this environmental scan is to provide an overview of best practices in anorexia nervosa treatment across the age spectrum.MethodA triangulation approach was used. First, a detailed review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for anorexia nervosa published between 1980 and 2011 was conducted; second, clinical practice guidelines were consulted and reviewed; third, information about RCTs currently underway was sourced. This approach facilitated a comprehensive overview, which addressed the extant evidence base, recent advances in evidence and improvements in treatment, and future directions.ResultsThe evidence base for the treatment of anorexia nervosa is advancing, albeit unevenly. Evidence points to the benefit of family-based treatment for youth. For adults no specific approach has shown superiority and, presently, a combination of renourishment and psychotherapy such as specialist supportive clinical management, cognitive behavioral therapy, or interpersonal psychotherapy is recommended. RCTs have neither sufficiently addressed the more complex treatment approaches seen in routine practice settings, such as multidisciplinary treatment or level of care, nor specifically investigated treatment in ethnically diverse populations. Methodological challenges that hinder progress in controlled research for anorexia nervosa are explained.ConclusionsThe review highlights evidence-based and promising treatment modalities for anorexia nervosa and presents a triangulated analysis including controlled research, practice guidelines, and emerging treatments to inform and support clinical decision making.
Increased serotonin transporter gene (SERT) DNA methylation is associated with bullying victimization and blunted cortisol response to stress in childhood: a longitudinal study of discordant monozygotic twins
Authors: Ouellet-Morin I. , Wong C. C. Y. , Danese A. , Pariante C. M. , Papadopoulos A. S. , Mill J. , Arseneault L. 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundChildhood adverse experiences are known to induce persistent changes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity to stress. However, the mechanisms by which these experiences shape the neuroendocrine response to stress remain unclear.MethodWe tested whether bullying victimization influenced serotonin transporter gene (SERT) DNA methylation using a discordant monozygotic (MZ) twin design. A subsample of 28 MZ twin pairs discordant for bullying victimization, with data on cortisol and DNA methylation, were identified in the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative 1994–1995 cohort of families with twins.ResultsBullied twins had higherSERTDNA methylation at the age of 10 years compared with their non-bullied MZ co-twins. This group difference cannot be attributed to the children's genetic makeup or their shared familial environments because of the study design. Bullied twins also showed increasing methylation levels between the age of 5 years, prior to bullying victimization, and the age of 10 years whereas no such increase was detected in non-bullied twins across time. Moreover, children with higherSERTmethylation levels had blunted cortisol responses to stress.ConclusionsOur study extends findings drawn from animal models, supports the hypothesis that early-life stress modifies DNA methylation at a specific cytosine–phosphate–guanine (CpG) site in theSERTpromoter and HPA functioning and suggests that these two systems may be functionally associated.