bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical studies and rheological modelling of Albizia lebbeck (AL) gum exudates
Authors: Okon Eddy Nnabuk , Udofia Inemesit , Uzairu Adamu 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to determine the physicochemical and rheological parameters of Albizia lebbeck gum.

Design/methodology/approach
– Physicochemical analysis was carried out using recommended methods. Gas chromatography mass spectrophotometer and Fourier transformed infra red (FTIR) analyses were carried out using their respective spectrophotometer. Scanning electron microscopy was carried out using scanning electron microscope, while rheological measurements were carried out using Ubbelohde capillary viscometer, digital Brookfield DV 1 viscometer and a rheometer.

Findings
– Albizia zygia gum is an ionic gum with unique physical and chemical properties. Scanning electron micrograph revealed that the internal structure of the gum is porous with irregular molecular arrangement. Thermodynamic parameters of viscous flow indicated the existence of few inter- and intra-molecular interactions, and the attainment of transition state was linked to bond breaking. Coil overlap transition studies revealed the existence of dilute and concentrated regimes. The viscosity of the gum was also found to decrease with decrease in the charge of cation (such that Al3+ > Ca2+ > K+) and with increase in ionic strength.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper provided information on physicochemical and rheological characteristics/behaviour of Albizia zygia gum, of Nigerian origin. From this information, possible application of this gum in the food and pharmaceutical industries can be deduced.

Originality/value
– The paper is original since information concerning Albizia zygia gum of Nigerian origin are not well documented as established in the work. It also adds values on the use of Albizia zygia gum, either on its own or in combination with other gums for industrial purpose.
Ascribing meaning to quality cultures in the Portuguese context
Authors: Veiga Amélia , João Rosa Maria , Cardoso Sónia , Amaral Alberto 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this article is to discuss Portuguese academics’ views on quality assessment and the elements that are important for a better understanding of what ascribes meaning to “quality cultures” in Portuguese higher education.

Design/methodology/approach
– The discussion was based on the results of a survey run in 2010 among Portuguese academics on quality assessment objectives and purposes. Descriptive statistics was used to investigate academics’ support to what quality assessment was supposed to guarantee (its purposes) and which should be its objectives. Furthermore, a factorial analysis using Promax rotation (oblique) was performed to investigate if the different purposes could be grouped according to the different areas they address in terms of quality assessment, helping to uncover a rationale that could explain the answers obtained. Theoretically, the results have been analysed in the light of the “quality culture” concept.

Findings
– Perceptions of Portuguese academics that support internal processes of quality assurance correspond either to the responsive quality culture or the regenerative quality culture. The viable form of ideal cultures is analytically limited, and the perceptions gathered encourage “quality cultures” biased by stronger group control.

Originality/value
– The paper offers new insights into academics’ perceptions on quality assessment, a theme that so far has been relatively absent from higher education quality assurance studies. Furthermore, the results obtained could be useful to policymakers and quality assurance agencies when setting up evaluation and accreditation systems capable of balancing improvement associated with the group dimension and accountability coupled with the grid dimension.
Contagion effects on stock and FX markets
Authors: I. Dimitriou Dimitrios , M. Simos Theodore 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to investigate the contagion effects of stock and FX markets for the USA and european monetary union (EMU) during the US subprime crisis of 2007-2009.

Design/methodology/approach
– The data sample is daily comprising a weighted Morgan Stanley Capital Index (MSCI) for US and EMU equity markets, as well as EUR/USD exchange rate and 3-month US and EMU interest rate indices. The authors model, simultaneously, the dynamic conditional correlations (DCC) for the triplet: US, EMU equity markets and euro – USD uncovered interest rate parity (UIP) via a multivariate GARCH(1,1)-DCC model. The authors also test for a level shift increase of DCCs during the crisis period by incorporating a dummy variable in a GARCH(1,1) model.

Findings
– Our results suggest the presence of contagion for the US stock market and UIP. These results indicate that possibilities for portfolio diversification exist even in periods of severe financial turmoil. This can be explained by the different monetary policies that followed during the crisis. While USA increased liquidity through stimulus packages in early 2009, EMU preferred a strict monetary policy and fiscal austerity measures. Consequently, the EUR/USD exchange rate was less volatile than the EMU equities, resulting in their weak co-movement.

Originality/value
– These findings confirm a specific pattern of contagion that provide important implications for international investors and policy-makers.
Investigating learning in social enterprises: a boundary perspective
Authors: Tandon Ankita 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to further theory development in the field of social entrepreneurship by developing a research agenda for examining organizational learning in social enterprises.Design/methodology/approach– This paper anchors in the interpretive paradigm of learning. It draws on social entrepreneurship literature to identify unique features of social enterprises. These characteristics are then investigated from a situated learning perspective to develop research questions around the following themes: social structures enabling learning, boundaries, boundary objects, boundary roles and boundary interactions.Findings– Boundaries are identified as loci around which critical learning interactions occur in social enterprises. The significance of studying implicit and explicit boundaries, knowledge brokering, boundary objects and boundary interactions for gaining novel insights into the social enterprise learning process is highlighted.Originality/value– This paper assists the progression of academic discussion in social entrepreneurship from definitional debates to critical organizational-level phenomena. It brings to attention the importance of studying organizational learning in the unique context of social entrepreneurship for advancing organization theory. It informs practice by highlighting critical social structures, boundaries, agents and objects which need to be identified and managed for promoting learning in social enterprises.
Variance in paint maintenance frequency in tropical salty environment
Authors: Oluwole Folorunso Clement , Hamdan Ahmad Mohd 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– Paint that is used as exterior finish is subject to the stresses of the climate. The factors of climate such as sun and rain are major source of quick deterioration of paint. The existence of saline air and endogenic salt in substrates in any environment will increase the rate of failure and frequency of repainting of building exterior wall. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the difference in the frequency of repainting of exterior surface of buildings in areas at close proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and the hinterland.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research adopted a survey method that involved the administration of structured questionnaire on 384 respondents to elicit data for analysis. SPSS 15.0 software was used to analyse the data. The study area is divided into two zones.

Findings
– Paint of the same quality from the same manufacturer is found to perform differently. All defects that are caused by salt attack occur earlier in Zone B than Zone A. The frequency of repainting (maintenance) in Zone A is two years due to direct contact with the Atlantic Ocean and Zone B is four years because of the distance from the ocean.

Practical implications
– This study enlightens the stakeholders in the building industry in the preparation of maintenance schedule for buildings in salty environment. It will also assist the architects in decision making during specifications of exterior finishes in such environments. The maintenance challenges of paint that is applied as exterior finish in salty environment is made clear.

Originality/value
– It is a novel search into understanding the maintenance frequency of paint that is applied as exterior finish of buildings in areas with direct and indirect contact to salt attack.
Approaches to seniors’ tourist behaviour
Authors: Nielsen Karina 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The paper aims to identify main approaches to seniors’ tourist behaviour. Population ageing has contributed to increasing interest in seniors’ tourist behaviour in the developed countries over the past decades. Over time, several aspects have been examined such as travel constraints, motivations, market segmentation or the dynamic nature of the senior market. Considering the wide-ranging scope of the literature on seniors’ tourist behaviour, as well as the differing views of an older person, the purpose of the paper is to identify main approaches to seniors’ tourist behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approaches to seniors’ tourist behaviour were identified through a literature review of empirical studies on the topic. The studies were examined in terms of three key elements: the temporal dimension, travel constraints and the segmentation criteria. The approaches were described in light of life cycle and generational theory, highlighting key variables and empirical results.

Findings
– Four approaches, that reflect intertwining characteristics of seniors’ tourist behaviour, are found: analysis of constraints, comparative analysis, analysis of heterogeneity and temporal analysis. Overall, how seniors’ tourist behaviour is approached is related to how seniors are viewed. Two broad views are suggested: seniors seen as an ageing group or as a heterogeneous group.

Originality/value
– The paper provides an overview of the literature on seniors’ tourist behaviour, which deepens understanding of the complexity of the topic, and describes different ways of approaching it. It contributes to the literature by proposing a synthesis of approaches, which can be useful for bridging the gap between different approaches in future research.
Assessing the future of housekeeping operations in Dubai’s five-star hotel industry – room for innovation?
Authors: Anthonisz Angela 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the need for innovation as a means of competitive advantage in the housekeeping (HK) department of five-star hotels in Dubai and consider how the nature of the industry in the region provides particular challenges.

Design/methodology/approach
– An initial White Paper produced by Amadeus served as the stimulus to conduct a preliminary literature review of innovation in the field of hospitality. The application of innovation was then considered via a content analysis of web sites in Dubai to identify potential candidates for interview. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with Senior Housekeeping Executives in two internationally recognized chain hotels in Dubai to better understand whether there is a need for innovation, what types of innovation are important within these HK departments and understand the potential challenges confronting senior managers in fostering innovative practices.

Findings
– The key results of this study provide interesting insights into the problems of developing and managing innovation within HK operations, highlighting the issues that exist as potential barriers to innovation in terms of the organizational culture and the ownership structure within the industry in Dubai. The research also highlights the fact that much of the innovation introduced within the HK department is focused on utilization of technology and is very much “output”-orientated in terms of improving customer service and creating operational efficiencies.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper profiles the potential problems confronting the HK department when it comes to identifying and adopting innovation. The paper also highlights the ever-changing nature of the organizational culture and the ownership structure in the five-star hotel industry in Dubai as a critical influence in terms of the perceived importance of innovation as a success factor for the future.

Originality/value
– The study is the first in a series of research papers that explores the relationship between key stakeholders in the hospitality industry in Dubai as the customer demand alters and they try to identify and implement innovative ideas and concepts that provide return on investment, increased customer satisfaction, sustainability and competitive advantage. It is the first paper that identifies the context and the current internal and external environments and the drivers within the industry in Dubai (five-star) hotels with a particular focus on 2020. This is within an industry that is showing evidence of change management within the customization of the hotel build and specification, and within the adaption of IT, but is looking for innovation within the application of ideas into industry processes.
Responding to the tourism industry training and human resource challenges in Sri Lanka
Authors: Mohotti Chandra , (Chandi) Jayawardena Chandana , Teare Richard 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The paper aims to explore the foremost training and human resource development challenges from the perspective of the Ministry of Economic Development funded Sri Lanka Institute of Tourism and Hotel Management (the institute).

Design/methodology/approach
– The first of two theme issue articles on industry training and human resource challenges, the paper is based on discussions with senior management and staff representing the Institute at its main campus in Colombo. The second article features responses from community leaders and from one of the Institute's provincial centres in Anuradhapura.

Findings
– The Institute has identified the need to commercialize its country-wide operations so as to minimize the amount of Government subsidy and ensure that its courses are aligned as closely as possible with the needs of Industry. Second, senior management spoke about the challenge of attracting Sri Lankans to engage in tourism and thereafter equipping them with the personal and professional skills needed to provide the level of service expected by international tourism visitors.

Practical implications
– The paper highlights the need for innovative thinking and action in response to practical challenges and business development pressures.

Originality/value
– The study draws on the views of senior industry practitioners who are actively engaged in responding to the challenges arising from Sri Lanka's ambitious plans for tourism development.
Responding to climate change through joint partnership
Authors: Dare Kolawole Oluwatoyin , Wolski Piotr , Ngwenya Barbara , Mmopelwa Gagoitseope , Thakadu Olekae 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– Climate change continues to pose a serious challenge to mankind. Given their socio-economic and vulnerable situations, resource-poor farmers will be hard hit and likely to be the most affected group in Africa – a continent that will bear the full brunt of inclement weather conditions. The purpose of this paper is to address the questions of how local farmers read and predict the weather, and how best they can collaborate with weather scientists in adapting to climate change and variability in the Okavango Delta of Botswana.

Design/methodology/approach
– A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed in sampling a total of 592 households heads (both men and women) in eight rural communities in the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

Findings
– Analysis indicates that about 80 per cent of the farmers had a good knowledge of weather forecasting. In a knowledge validation workshop organised and implemented in early August 2012, farmers and scientists identified a nine-point agenda and strategies for addressing the challenges posed by climate change to community well-being and agricultural production. Knowledge sharing, installation of community weather stations and local-level capacity building are amongst the strategies identified.

Research limitations/implications
– The research is only limited to the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

Originality/value
– The paper emanates from original field research. The outcome of the paper provides pertinent information for policy formulation on how best to enhance small farmers’ adaptation to climate change.
Fiscal incentives promoting REEE measures in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Khan Zaffar , Siriram Kathryn , Greigg Kyren 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– Dependence on foreign energy supplies have resulted in some islands successfully harnessing alternative and renewable energy (RE) sources in order to provide a small degree of self-sufficiency. However, the development of Trinidad and Tobago's (T&T's) RE industry has stagnated largely due to the existence of substantial energy subsidies, which present cheap fuel and electricity prices thus providing a disincentive to RE investment. The purpose of this paper is to seek to re-enforce the necessity for an indissoluble government intervention in the establishment of well-designed, coordinated and innovative public-private partnerships for a successful RE industry in T&T.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is based on a review of relevant social and economic literary sources; the research topic has been meticulously investigated.

Findings
– Initial outcomes indicate that the principal facilitators of RE proliferation in the Caribbean, and more so T&T, will require: gradual reduction of the energy subsidy; declining project costs via fiscal incentives and grant financing; expectation of beneficial rates of return on investment through the guarantee of optimal prices for renewable electricity or the revenue gained from the sale of carbon credits; and capacity building, institutional strengthening and implementation of appropriate legislative and regulatory instruments which provide open access to the national grid.

Research limitations/implications
– With the exception of T&T, Caribbean nations are heavily dependent on oil and gas imports to meet their primary energy requirements. The investigation conducted has limited documentation on cases of a similar nature within the region. The outcome of the steps identified above are based on conjecture using information gained from international situations.

Practical implications
– The study helps clarify the crucial role of T&T's government in the successful development of the RE industry. Resources and earnings should be used to develop T&T's infant RE industry and hence reduce the carbon footprint of the nation.

Originality/value
– Past attempts by the government to promote RE an energy efficiency in T&T have been passive and prevaricated. In addition to outlining the existing fiscal initiatives available to the population, this paper provides short-, medium- and long-term recommendations for the sustainability of RE in T&T. While subsidy reform, among others, poses a challenge it is nonetheless imperative if T&T is to move forward. With the abundance of solar, wind and waste-to-energy resources there is great potential for a successful RE industry in T&T. More than just policy will be required to drive change; greater commitment by the government to ensure the sustainability and economic viability of T&T while also attempting to alter the mindset of the citizenry to act as effective stewards of the island's resources for the well-being of future generations.
Children’s price knowledge
Authors: Damay Coralie , Guichard Nathalie , Clauzel Amélie 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– This research aims to evaluate young consumers’ knowledge of everyday product prices. Despite a large body of research on the child as consumer, few studies examine price.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study employs a quantitative methodology and administered questionnaires that target a sample of 224 primary school French children.

Findings
– The various employed measures help shed light on the pricing aspect of children’s consumption processes. In particular, the results show that although price recall is relatively weak, children become familiar with the order of price magnitudes and classify products according to their price level.

Research limitations/implications
– A future research could integrate that the children should be affected by internal reference price in the various tasks. Future studies could introduce other variables in the tests, such as children’s commercial experience and their experience with the stores they know.

Practical implications
– Firms should adapt their pricing strategies to the expectations of children, not only adults or parents, both for the products that directly pertain to them and for those they might recommend. This research offers managers additional insights into how to communicate about prices, taking into account current customer heterogeneity.

Originality/value
– Realized measurements reflect children’s capacities to react to the prices of mass-consumed goods and clarify whether the child is able to identify or reduce his consideration set among some alternatives of choice according to his price knowledge level.
Advertising foods to Indian children: what is the appeal?
Authors: Soni Pavleen , Vohra Jyoti 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to identify the nature of themes/appeals used in food commercials shown on children’s networks in India. Marketers use various themes/appeals in TV advertisements to influence food consumption habits of children. Children are also found to focus on these appeals while selecting foods rather than using nutritional value as a criteria to select foods.Design/methodology/approach– For the present study, a content analysis of 114 discrete food commercials broadcast on children’s networks was done. These were further analysed to collect data on themes/appeals used in them. SPSS 19.0 was used to record the data and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.Findings– A majority of food advertisements which were broadcast during children’s programmes included confectionery, ice creams and dairy products, baked products and ready-to-cook food items. Grazing was found to be the most frequently used appeal in these food advertisements. This was followed by taste/flavour/smell/texture, fun/happiness, being “cool”, adult approval/disapproval, family ties and so on. However, a majority of these advertisements did not feature any health-related message.Practical implications– The study highlights the need for strategic actions by all stakeholders interested in protecting well-being of children. Taking account of the promotional tactics used by food marketers, parents as well as governmental agencies must strongly take steps to check these practices.Originality/value– As no such study has already been conducted in India (to the best of researcher’s knowledge), this study potentially helps in abridging gaps in literature.