bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Point‐by‐Point Radiofrequency Ablation Versus the Cryoballoon or a Novel Combined Approach: A Randomized Trial Comparing 3 Methods of Pulmonary Vein Isolation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation (The Cryo Versus RF Trial)
Authors: HUNTER ROSS J. , BAKER VICTORIA , FINLAY MALCOLM C. , DUNCAN EDWARD R. , LOVELL MATTHEW J. , TAYEBJEE MUZAHIR H. , ULLAH WAQAS , SIDDIQUI M. SHOAIB , McLEAN AILSA , RICHMOND LAURA , KIRKBY CLAIRE , GINKS MATTHEW R. , DHINOJA MEHUL , SPORTON SIMON , EARLEY MARK J. , SCHILLING RICHARD J. 
Published: October 2015

The CRYO Versus RF TrialIntroductionCatheter ablation of paroxysmal AF using the Cryoballoon (CRYO) has yielded similar success rates to conventional wide encirclement using radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA), but randomized data are lacking. Pilot data suggested a high success rate with a combined approach (COMBINED) using wide encirclement with RFCA followed by 2 CRYO applications to each vein. We compared these 3 strategies in a randomized controlled trial.Methods and ResultsPatients undergoing first time paroxysmal AF ablation were randomized to RFCA, CRYO, or COMBINED. Patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months with 7 days of ambulatory ECG monitoring. Success was defined as freedom from arrhythmia without antiarrhythmic drugs after a single procedure. A total of 237 patients were randomized. Success at 1 year was achieved in 47% in the RFCA group, 67% in the CRYO group, and 76% in the COMBINED group (P < 0.001 for RFCA vs. CRYO, P<0.001 for RFCA vs. COMBINED, and P = 0.220 for CRYO vs. COMBINED). Procedure time was 211 (IQR 174–256) minutes for RFCA compared to 167 (136–202) minutes for CRYO and 278 (243–327) minutes for COMBINED (P < 0.001 for RFCA vs. COMBINED, RFCA vs. CRYO, and CRYO vs. COMBINED groups).ConclusionsPulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal AF is faster with CRYO and results in a higher single procedure success rate than conventional point by point RFCA. The COMBINED approach was not superior to CRYO alone.
Electrocardiographic and Electrophysiological Characteristics of Atrial Tachycardia With Early Activation Close to the His‐Bundle
Authors: MADAFFARI ANTONIO , GROßE ANETT , BRUNELLI MICHELE , FROMMHOLD MARKUS , DÄHNE TANJA , ORETO GIUSEPPE , RAFFA SANTI , GELLER J. CHRISTOPH 
Published: October 2015

P‐Wave and Ablation in Para‐Hisian Atrial TachycardiaIntroductionRadiofrequency (RF) ablation of atrial tachycardia (AT) with earliest activation at the His‐bundle may be associated with the risk of AV block, and detection of this AT origin using the electrocardiogram (ECG) would be helpful in planning ablation. Aim of this study was to characterize the P‐wave morphology and intracardiac electrograms at the successful ablation site for this group of ATs.MethodsAll consecutive patients undergoing ablation for AT with earliest activation at the His‐bundle were included. Twelve‐lead ECG and intracardiac electrograms were analyzed.ResultsA total of 33 patients underwent successful ablation. The P‐wave and the PR interval during AT (cycle length 460 ± 88, range 360–670 milliseconds) were significantly shorter compared to sinus rhythm 87 ± 18 vs. 117 ± 23 and 131 ± 37 vs. 170 ± 47 milliseconds, respectively, P < 0.01. In 28 patients (85%), the P‐wave was biphasic (–/+) or triphasic (+/–/+) in the precordial leads, especially V4‐V6, and in 25 patients (76%) it was biphasic (–/+) or triphasic (+/–/+) in the inferior leads. RF was delivered at the following locations: noncoronary aortic cusp (NCC) in 24 patients, antero‐septal left atrium in 4, supero‐septal right atrium in 3, left coronary cusp in 1, and between the right coronary cusp and the NCC in 1. Atrial bipolar electrograms at the successful ablation site preceded the P‐wave by 38 ± 11 (range 10–60) milliseconds, and AT termination was obtained after a mean RF energy time of 10 ± 8 (range 2–31) seconds.ConclusionA characteristic narrow and biphasic (–/+) or triphasic (+/–/+) P‐wave in the inferior and precordial leads reliably identifies the group of AT arising from the para‐Hisian region.
Unmet medical needs for chronic spontaneous urticaria patients: highlighting the real‐life clinical practice in Taiwan
Authors: Cho Y.‐T. , Pao Y.‐C. , Chu C.‐Y. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundTreatment guidelines for chronic spontaneous/idiopathic urticaria (CSU) are available; however, only 50% of patients are well controlled with approved doses of H1‐antihistamines, and certain patients remain symptomatic despite receiving up to 4× the approved dose of H1‐antihistamines plus H2‐antihistamines and/or leucotriene‐receptor antagonists.ObjectivesTo highlight real‐life clinical practice in Taiwan and to understand the unmet medical needs of CSU patients.MethodsA nationwide cross‐sectional, observational survey of 50 dermatologists and 200 CSU patients was conducted between June 2013 and November 2013. Face‐to‐face interviews of dermatologists and online interviews of CSU patients were conducted independently.ResultsDermatologists reported that dermographism and blood tests were the most commonly used diagnostic methods to confirm the diagnosis. The key driving factor for most clinic‐based dermatologists (70%) in choosing a treatment was ‘response to my medicines’, and most preferred H1‐antihistamines and steroids for treating CSU patients, whereas most hospital‐based dermatologists (85%) gave higher priority to ‘severity and impact of the conditions’. Patients were reported to have high psychological pressures and significant impact of CSU on their daily activity. In addition, CSU patients were not satisfied with their current treatment and 69% of patients switched their first‐consulted physician. Furthermore, lack of information and concerns about side‐effects were major factors which held back patients from seeking Western treatment.ConclusionsThere is an unmet medical need of CSU patients in Taiwan highlighting gaps among guidelines, real‐life clinical practice, patients' perceptions and patients' knowledge of their disease.
Enhancing Asthma Self‐Management in Rural School‐Aged Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Horner Sharon D. , Brown Adama , Brown Sharon A. , Rew D. Lynn 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurposeTo test the effects of 2 modes of delivering an asthma educational intervention on health outcomes and asthma self‐management in school‐aged children who live in rural areas.MethodsLongitudinal design with data collected 4 times over 12 months. The target sample was composed of children in grades 2‐5 who had a provider diagnosis of asthma. Elementary schools were stratified into high or low socioeconomic status based on student enrollment in the free or reduced‐cost lunch program. Schools were then randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment arms: in‐school asthma class, asthma day camp, or the attention‐control group.FindingsSample retention was good (87.7%) and equally distributed by study arm. Improvements in emergency department visits and office visits were related to attending either the asthma class or asthma day camp. Asthma severity significantly decreased in both asthma treatment groups. Other factors such as hospitalizations, parent asthma management, and child asthma management improved for all groups.ConclusionsBoth asthma class and asthma day camp yielded significant reductions in asthma severity. There were reductions in the emergency department and office visits for the 2 asthma arms, and hospitalizations declined significantly for all groups. Asthma self‐management also improved in all groups, while it was somewhat higher in the asthma arms. This may be due to the attention being drawn to asthma management by study participation and the action of completing questionnaires about asthma management, asthma symptoms, and health outcomes.
Hero Worship: The Elevation of the Human Spirit
Authors: Allison Scott T. , Goethals George R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this article, we review the psychology of hero development and hero worship. We propose that heroes and hero narratives fulfill important cognitive and emotional needs, including the need for wisdom, meaning, hope, inspiration, and growth. We propose a framework called the heroic leadership dynamic (HLD) to explain how need‐based heroism shifts over time, from our initial attraction to heroes to later retention or repudiation of heroes. Central to the HLD is idea that hero narratives fulfill both epistemic and energizing functions. Hero stories provide epistemic benefits by providing scripts for prosocial action, by revealing fundamental truths about human existence, by unpacking life paradoxes, and by cultivating emotional intelligence. To energize us, heroes promote moral elevation, heal psychic wounds, inspire psychological growth, and exude charisma. We discuss the implications of our framework for theory and research on heroism, leadership processes, and positive psychology.
Emergence of new virulent populations of apple scab from nonagricultural disease reservoirs
Authors: Lemaire Christophe , De Gracia Marie , Leroy Thibault , Michalecka Monika , Lindhard‐Pedersen Hanne , Guerin Fabien , Gladieux Pierre , Le Cam Bruno 
Published: October 2015

Summary

Plant pathogens adapt readily to new crop varieties in agrosystems, and it is crucial to understand the factors underlying the epidemic spread of new virulent strains if we are to develop more efficient strategies to control them.

In this study we used multilocus microsatellite typing, molecular epidemiology tools and a large collection of isolates from cultivated, wild and ornamental apples to investigate the origin of new virulent populations of Venturia inaequalis, an ascomycete fungus causing apple scab on varieties carrying the Rvi6 resistance gene.

We demonstrated a common origin at the European scale of populations infecting apples (Malus × domestica) carrying the Rvi6 resistance and Malus floribunda, the progenitor of the Rvi6 resistance. Demographic modeling indicated that the Rvi6‐virulent lineage separated several thousands of years ago from populations infecting non‐Rvi6 hosts, without detectable gene flow between the two lineages.

These findings show that ‘breakdowns’ of plant resistance genes can be caused by the selection and migration of virulent genotypes from standing genetic variation maintained in environmental disease reservoirs, here ornamental crabapples. This work stresses the need to take better account of pathogen diversity in resistance screenings of breeding lines and in resistance deployment strategies, in order to enhance sustainable disease management.
Feasibility of Using the Omaha System for Community‐level Observations
Authors: Kerr Madeleine J. , Flaten Carol , Honey Michelle L. L. , Gargantua‐Aguila Sebastiana del Rosario , Nahcivan Nursen O. , Martin Karen S. , Monsen Karen A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using a standardized language, the Omaha System, to capture community‐level observations to facilitate population assessment and electronic information exchange. The objectives were: (1) to evaluate the feasibility of using the Omaha System at the community level to reflect community observations and (2) to describe preliminary results of community observations across international settings.Design and SampleDescriptive. A dataset of 284 windshield surveys (community observations) completed by nursing students in five countries: Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Turkey, and the United States.MeasuresThe Omaha System Problem Classification Scheme provided standardized terms for assessment of communities in an online checklist of 11 problems and their respective signs/symptoms.ResultsFeasibility was demonstrated: students were able to describe community observations using standardized terminology from the Omaha System. Preliminary results describe variations in community signs and symptoms by location.ConclusionsThe Omaha System appears to be a useful tool for community‐level observations and a promising strategy for electronic exchange of population health assessments.
A New Procedure for Mode I Fracture Characterization of Cement‐Based Materials
Authors: Dourado N. , de Moura M. F. S. F. , Xavier J. , Pereira F. A. M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFracture characterization under mode I loading of a cement‐based material using the single‐edge‐notched beam loaded in tree‐point‐bending was performed. A new method based on beam theory and crack equivalent concept is proposed to evaluate the Resistance‐curve, which is essential to determine fracture toughness with accuracy. The method considers the existence of a stress relief region in the vicinity of the crack, dispensing crack length monitoring during experiments. A numerical validation was performed by finite element analysis considering a bilinear cohesive damage model. Experimental tests were performed in order to validate the numerical procedure. Digital image correlation technique was used to measure the specimen displacement with accuracy and without interference. Excellent agreement between numerical and experimental load–displacement curves was obtained, which validates the procedure.
Fatigue Life Behaviour of Spot Friction Welded Al 5083‐O in Single Cover Butt Joints
Authors: Mohammadpour M. , Hassanifard S. , Hashemi Oskouei R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this study, the fatigue behaviour of spot friction welded joints of Al 5083‐O was investigated using experimental and numerical approaches. In the experimental part, a single cover butt joint of aluminium sheets with a thickness of 2 mm was fatigue tested under constant amplitude cyclic loadings. The sheets were connected using a spot friction welding technique with constant welding parameters of tool rotational speed, holding time, travelling speed, and shoulder plunge depth. Fatigue cracks were initiated in the vicinity of the weld notch and then propagated along the circumference of the weld's nugget. In the numerical part, a three‐dimensional finite element model was developed to determine stress and strain distributions in the spot friction welded joint and to predict the fatigue life using three approaches of Morrow, modified Morrow, and Smith–Watson–Topper. The results showed a good agreement between the fatigue life predictions and experimental data.
Thromboelastographic Clot Characteristics of Autologous Equine Blood Products After Activation by Autologous Thrombin, Bovine Thrombin, or Calcium Chloride
Authors: Ghassab Sasan , Dulin Jennifer , Bertone Alicia L. 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveTo compare clotting efficiency of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and concentrated platelet‐poor plasma (cPPP) to citrated whole blood after activation by autologous thrombin, bovine thrombin, or calcium chloride (CaCl2).Study DesignExperimental study.AnimalsHealthy adult horses (n = 6).MethodsPRP and cPPP were prepared by commercial devices. Using thromboelastography, clotting variables were compared after activation of citrated autologous blood, PRP, and cPPP by autologous thrombin, bovine thrombin, or CaCl2, respectively.ResultsPRP had the greatest clot strength and quickest clot rate, whereas cPPP had the weakest clot strength, slowest clot rate, and longest clot initiation time. Bovine thrombin resulted in the shortest clot initiation time, quickest clot rate, and was similar to CaCl2 for greatest clot strength. CaCl2 also resulted in the longest clot initiation time and time to reach maximum clot strength. Autologous thrombin resulted in the lowest clot strength.ConclusionWhen combined with either bovine thrombin or CaCl2, PRP provided the best combinations for clinical use. Autologous thrombin was suboptimal, but could be an autologous alternative for clinical application. As prepared here, cPPP had inefficient clotting, but may be sufficient for plasma spray indications.
Beetroot juice supplementation reduces whole body oxygen consumption but does not improve indices of mitochondrial efficiency in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Whitfield J. , Ludzki A. , Heigenhauser G. J. F. , Senden J. M. G. , Verdijk L. B. , van Loon L. J. C. , Spriet L. L. , Holloway G. P. 
Published: October 2015

Key points
Oral consumption of nitrate (NO3−) in beetroot juice has been shown to decrease the oxygen cost of submaximal exercise; however, the mechanism of action remains unresolved.
We supplemented recreationally active males with beetroot juice to determine if this altered mitochondrial bioenergetics.
Despite reduced submaximal exercise oxygen consumption, measures of mitochondrial coupling and respiratory efficiency were not altered in muscle.
In contrast, rates of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) emission were increased in the absence of markers of lipid or protein oxidative damage.
These results suggest that improvements in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism are not the cause of beetroot juice‐mediated improvements in whole body oxygen consumption.
AbstractIngestion of sodium nitrate (NO3−) simultaneously reduces whole body oxygen consumption () during submaximal exercise while improving mitochondrial efficiency, suggesting a causal link. Consumption of beetroot juice (BRJ) elicits similar decreases in but potential effects on the mitochondria remain unknown. Therefore we examined the effects of 7‐day supplementation with BRJ (280 ml day−1, ∼26 mmol NO3−) in young active males (n = 10) who had muscle biopsies taken before and after supplementation for assessments of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Subjects performed 20 min of cycling (10 min at 50% and 70% ) 48 h before ‘Pre’ (baseline) and ‘Post’ (day 5 of supplementation) biopsies. Whole body decreased (P < 0.05) by ∼3% at 70% following supplementation. Mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized muscle fibres showed no change in leak respiration, the content of proteins associated with uncoupling (UCP3, ANT1, ANT2), maximal substrate‐supported respiration, or ADP sensitivity (apparent Km). In addition, isolated subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar mitochondria showed unaltered assessments of mitochondrial efficiency, including ADP consumed/oxygen consumed (P/O ratio), respiratory control ratios and membrane potential determined fluorometrically using Safranine‐O. In contrast, rates of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) emission were increased following BRJ. Therefore, in contrast to sodium nitrate, BRJ supplementation does not alter key parameters of mitochondrial efficiency. This occurred despite a decrease in exercise , suggesting that the ergogenic effects of BRJ ingestion are not due to a change in mitochondrial coupling or efficiency. It remains to be determined if increased mitochondrial H2O2 contributes to this response.
Draft Genome Sequences of 17 French Clostridium botulinum Group III Strains
Authors: Woudstra Cédric , Le Maréchal Caroline , Souillard Rozenn , Bayon-Auboyer Marie-Hélène , Mermoud Isabelle , Desoutter Denise , Fach Patrick 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Animal botulism is mainly associated with
Clostridium botulinum
group III strains producing neurotoxin types C, C/D, D, and D/C. In this report, we present the draft genome sequences of fourteen strains of
Clostridium botulinum
producing type C/D and two strains producing type D/C isolated in France, and one strain producing type D/C that originated from New Caledonia.
Complete Genome Sequence of Noncytopathic Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus 1 Contaminating a High-Passage RK-13 Cell Line
Authors: Nam Bora , Li Ganwu , Zheng Ying , Zhang Jianqiang , Shuck Kathleen M. , Timoney Peter J. , Balasuriya Udeni B. R. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTA high-passage rabbit kidney RK-13 cell line (HP-RK-13[KY], originally derived from the ATCC CCL-37 cell line) used in certain laboratories worldwide is contaminated with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (ncpBVDV). On complete genome sequence analysis, the virus strain was found to belong to BVDV group 1b.
Genome Sequence of Antibiotic-Producing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain KCTC 13012
Authors: Jeong Haeyoung , Park Seung-Hwan , Choi Soo-Keun 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the 4.0-Mb draft genome sequence of
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
(syn.
Bacillus velezensis
) KCTC 13012, which exhibits a broad spectrum of antagonistic activity against bacteria and fungi and promotes plant growth as well. The genome contains an array of biosynthetic gene clusters for secondary metabolites that are comparable to those in
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
subsp.
plantarum
FZB42
T
.
Complete Genome Sequence of Rothia mucilaginosa Strain NUM-Rm6536, Isolated from a Human Oral Cavity
Authors: Nambu Takayuki , Tsuzukibashi Osamu , Uchibori Satoshi , Mashimo Chiho 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of
Rothia mucilaginosa
NUM-Rm6536, a strain isolated from the tongue plaque of a healthy human adult. This strain is amenable to genetic manipulation by transformation and so provides a useful foundation for more detailed investigation of this species.
Complete Genome Sequence of Caulobacter crescentus Siphophage Seuss
Authors: Sloan Jordan M. , Keene Jennifer L. , Cahill Jesse L. , Rasche Eric S. , Kuty Everett Gabriel F. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Caulobacter crescentus
is a water-dwelling bacterium known to have a dimorphic life cycle. Here, we announce the complete genome of Seuss, a
C. crescentus
icosahedral siphophage, and describe key features. Seuss is unique among phages deposited in GenBank, with genes encoding novel hypothetical proteins composing 45% of its genome.
Complete Genome Sequence of Citrobacter freundii Myophage Merlin
Authors: LeSage Kayla C. , Hargrove Emily C. , Cahill Jesse L. , Rasche Eric S. , Kuty Everett Gabriel F. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Bacteriophage Merlin is a T4-like myophage which infects
Citrobacter freundii
, a member of the
Enterobacteriaceae
family.
C. freundii
is an opportunistic pathogen that is a common cause of nosocomial infections. This report announces the complete genome of myophage Merlin and describes its features.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Genetically Distinct Human Isolates of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp.
equisimilis
Authors: Evers Caitlin , Patel Khushali , Petrosyan Varduhi , Morrison Clay , Varghese Viju , Chu Randy A. , Baig Aymen , Thompson Erika J. , Chase Michael , Hu Peter C. , Kalia Awdhesh 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

β-Hemolytic group C and group G streptococci (GCS-GGS;
Streptococcus dysgalactiae
subsp.
equisimilis
) emerged as human pathogens in the late 1970s. We report here the draft genome sequences of four genetically distinct human strains of GCS-GGS isolated between the 1960s and 1980s. Comparative analysis of these genomes may provide a deeper understanding of GCS-GGS genome and virulence evolution.
Complete Genome Sequences of Evolved Arsenate-Resistant Metallosphaera sedula Strains
Authors: Ai Chenbing , McCarthy Samuel , Schackwitz Wendy , Martin Joel , Lipzen Anna , Blum Paul 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Metallosphaera sedula
is a thermoacidophilic crenarchaeote with a 2.19-Mb genome. Here, we report the genome sequences of several evolved derivatives of
M. sedula
generated through adaptive laboratory evolution for enhanced arsenate resistance.