bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The epidemiology of family meals among Ohio’s adults
Authors: Tumin Rachel , Anderson Sarah E 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe epidemiology of family meals among adults at a population level is poorly characterized and whether living with children impacts this health behaviour is uncertain. We determined the prevalence of family meals among US adults in a mid-western state whose families did and did not include minor children and described how it varied by sociodemographic characteristics.DesignThe cross-sectional 2012 Ohio Medicaid Assessment Survey is representative of Ohio adults and included questions on their sociodemographic characteristics and the frequency with which they eat family meals at home.SettingTrained interviewers administered landline and cell phone surveys to adults sampled from Ohio’s non-institutionalized population.SubjectsWe analysed data from 5766 adults living with minor children and 8291 adults not living alone or with children.ResultsThe prevalence of family meals was similar for adults who did and did not live with minor children: 47 % (95 % CI 46, 49 %) of adults living with and 51 % (95 % CI 50, 53 %) of adults living without children reported eating family meals on most (six or seven) days of the week. Family meal frequency varied by race/ethnicity, marital and employment status in both groups. Non-Hispanic African-American adults, those who were not married and those who were employed ate family meals less often.ConclusionsAdults in Ohio frequently shared meals with their family and family meal frequency was not strongly related to living with children. Broadening the scope of future studies to include adults who are not parents could enhance our understanding of the potential health benefits of sharing meals.
Computational design of patterned interfaces using reduced order models
Authors: Vattré A. J. , Abdolrahim N. , Kolluri K. , Demkowicz M. J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPatterning is a familiar approach for imparting novel functionalities to free surfaces. We extend the patterning paradigm to interfaces between crystalline solids. Many interfaces have non-uniform internal structures comprised of misfit dislocations, which in turn govern interface properties. We develop and validate a computational strategy for designing interfaces with controlled misfit dislocation patterns by tailoring interface crystallography and composition. Our approach relies on a novel method for predicting the internal structure of interfaces: rather than obtaining it from resource-intensive atomistic simulations, we compute it using an efficient reduced order model based on anisotropic elasticity theory. Moreover, our strategy incorporates interface synthesis as a constraint on the design process. As an illustration, we apply our approach to the design of interfaces with rapid, 1-D point defect diffusion. Patterned interfaces may be integrated into the microstructure of composite materials, markedly improving performance.
Red fluorescent genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators for use in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Wu Jiahui , Prole David L. , Shen Yi , Lin Zhihong , Gnanasekaran Aswini , Liu Yingjie , Chen Lidong , Zhou Hang , Chen S. R. Wayne , Usachev Yuriy M. , Taylor Colin W. , Campbell Robert E. 
Published: August 2014

Ca2+ is a key intermediary in a variety of signalling pathways and undergoes dynamic changes in its cytoplasmic concentration due to release from stores within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and influx from the extracellular environment. In addition to regulating cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals, these responses also affect the concentration of Ca2+ within the ER and mitochondria. Single fluorescent protein-based Ca2+ indicators, such as the GCaMP series based on GFP, are powerful tools for imaging changes in the concentration of Ca2+ associated with intracellular signalling pathways. Most GCaMP-type indicators have dissociation constants (Kd) for Ca2+ in the high nanomolar to low micromolar range and are therefore optimal for measuring cytoplasmic [Ca2+], but poorly suited for use in mitochondria and ER where [Ca2+] can reach concentrations of several hundred micromolar. We now report GCaMP-type low-affinity red fluorescent genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators for optical imaging (LAR-GECO), engineered to have Kd values of 24 μM (LAR-GECO1) and 12 μM (LAR-GECO1.2). We demonstrate that these indicators can be used to image mitochondrial and ER Ca2+ dynamics in several cell types. In addition, we perform two-colour imaging of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in cells expressing both cytoplasmic GCaMP and ER-targeted LAR-GECO1. The development of these low-affinity intensiometric red fluorescent Ca2+ indicators enables monitoring of ER and mitochondrial Ca2+ in combination with GFP-based reporters.
23 µW 8.9‐effective number of bit 1.1 MS/s successive approximation register analog‐to‐digital converter with an energy‐efficient digital‐to‐analog converter switching scheme
Authors: Sun Lei , Ko Chi Tung , Ho Marco , Ng Wai Tung , Leung Ka Nang , Choy Chiu Sing , Pun Kong Pang 
Published: August 2014

This study presents a successive approximation register analog‐to‐digital converter with an energy‐efficient switching scheme. A split‐most significant bit capacitor array is used with a least significant bit‐down switching scheme. Compared with the conventional binary‐weighted capacitor array, it reduces the area and average switching energy by 50 and 87% under the same unit capacitor. Moreover, capacitor matching requirement is relaxed by 75%. A prototype design was fabricated in a 0.13 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor process. It consumes 23.2 µW under 1 V analog supply and 0.5 V digital supply. Measured results show a peak signal‐to‐distortion‐and‐noise ratio of 55.2 dB and an effective resolution bandwidth up to 1.1 MHz when it operates at 1.1 MS/s. Its figure‐of‐merit is 44.1 fJ/ conversion‐step.
A 65 nm CMOS broadband self‐calibrated power detector for the square kilometre array radio telescope
Authors: Wu Ge , Belostotski Leonid , Haslett James W. 
Published: August 2014

In this study, a 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) broadband self‐calibrated high‐sensitivity power detector for use in the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), the next‐generation high‐sensitivity radio telescope, is presented. The power detector calibration is performed by adjusting voltages at the bulk terminals of the input transistors to compensate for mismatches in the output voltages because of process, voltage and temperature variations. Measurements show that the power detector, preceded by an input power‐match circuit with 6 dB gain, has an input signal range from −48 to −11 dBm over which a 0.95 dB maximum error in the detected power is observed when the calibration rate is 20 kHz. The proposed broadband power detector has a 3 dB upper band edge of 1.8 GHz, which adequately covers the midband SKA frequency range from 0.7 to 1.4 GHz. The settling time and the calibration time are both <5 μs. The circuit consumes 1.2 mW from a 1.2 V power supply and the input‐match circuit consumes another 5.8 mW. The presented power detector achieves the best combination of the detection range and sensitivity of previously published circuits.
Introductory survey for wireless infrared communications
Authors: Jatoi Munsif Ali , Kamel Nidal 
Published: August 2014

Wireless infrared communications can be defined as the propagation of light waves in free space using infrared radiation whose range is 400–700 nm. This range corresponds to frequencies of hundreds of terahertz, which is high for higher data rate applications. Wireless infrared is applied for higher data rates applications such as wireless computing, wireless video and wireless multimedia communication applications. Introduced by Gfeller, this field has grown with different link configurations, improved transmitter efficiency, increased receiver responsivity and various multiple access techniques for improved quality. Errors are caused because of background light, which causes degradation overall system performance. Error correction techniques are used to remove the errors caused during transmission. This study provides a brief account on field theory used for error correction in wireless infrared systems. The results are produced in terms of bit error rate and signal‐to‐noise ratio for various bit lengths to show the ability of encoding and decoding algorithms.
Nanoscale structure of the BMP antagonist chordin supports cooperative BMP binding
Authors: Troilo Helen , Zuk Alexandra V. , Tunnicliffe Richard B. , Wohl Alexander P. , Berry Richard , Collins Richard F. , Jowitt Thomas A. , Sengle Gerhard , Baldock Clair 
Published: August 2014

Significance
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are essential signaling molecules important in embryo development and maintaining tissue function in adulthood. BMPs are regulated outside the cell by inhibitors such as chordin. The structure of chordin is unknown as extracellular proteins are generally not suitable for high-resolution methods. This study uses electron microscopy and other techniques to determine the shape of human chordin. It has a compact horseshoe-shaped structure with the terminal BMP-binding regions protruding as prongs. The spacing of these domains supports a cooperative binding arrangement with BMPs. We compared BMP binding and inhibition by chordin with two truncated chordin variants. Proteolytic cleavage has little effect on binding of BMP-4 and BMP-7 but C-terminal cleavage makes chordin a better BMP inhibitor.
Translocalized IgA mediates neutralization and stimulates innate immunity inside infected cells
Authors: Bidgood Susanna R. , Tam Jerry C. H. , McEwan William A. , Mallery Donna L. , James Leo C. 
Published: August 2014

SignificanceIn recent years, the important immune protective role of IgA, the most plentiful antibody type, has become increasingly clear. In this study, we show that IgA is carried inside cells during infection by a nonenveloped virus, adenovirus, which commonly causes respiratory disease. Once inside the cell, IgA is recognized by the newly identified cytosolic antibody receptor, tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), leading to destruction of virus by the proteasome and immune activation. We show that TRIM21 interacts directly with IgA to initiate these responses and explain how binding is accomplished. Our work identifies TRIM21 as the only antibody receptor to bind the three most prevalent circulatory antibodies, IgG, IgM, and IgA, and enlarges the role of IgA in immune protection.
Yesterday’s founder population, today’s Englishes
Authors: Lim Lisa 
Published: August 2014

This paper highlights a less well known player in the contact dynamics involved in the evolution of Singapore English (SgE): the Peranakans – descendants of 18th / 19th-century southern Chinese traders in Malaya and local women, who became a prestigious minority group. As multilingual, early English adopters, and dominant in the ecology, the Peranakans demonstrate the significance of a founder population, in how their features – here, their original vernacular Baba Malay via Peranakan English – are persistent and influential in the evolution of contact varieties in a multilingual ecology. This paper also considers the current positioning of the Peranakans in their 21st-century revival in the changed sociolinguistic context of Singapore and what this means for the current and future evolution of SgE.
Limbform: a functional ontology-based database of limb regeneration experiments
Authors: Lobo Daniel , Feldman Erica B. , Shah Michelle , Malone Taylor J. , Levin Michael 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Summary: The ability of certain organisms to completely regenerate lost limbs is a fascinating process, far from solved. Despite the extraordinary published efforts during the past centuries of scientists performing amputations, transplantations and molecular experiments, no mechanistic model exists yet that can completely explain patterning during the limb regeneration process. The lack of a centralized repository to enable the efficient mining of this huge dataset is hindering the discovery of comprehensive models of limb regeneration. Here, we introduce Limbform (Limb formalization), a centralized database of published limb regeneration experiments. In contrast to natural language or text-based ontologies, Limbform is based on a functional ontology using mathematical graphs to represent unambiguously limb phenotypes and manipulation procedures. The centralized database currently contains &gt;800 published limb regeneration experiments comprising many model organisms, including salamanders, frogs, insects, crustaceans and arachnids. The database represents an extraordinary resource for mining the existing knowledge of functional data in this field; furthermore, its mathematical nature based on a functional ontology will pave the way for artificial intelligence tools applied to the discovery of the sought-after comprehensive limb regeneration models.
Availability and implementaion: The Limbform database is freely available at http://limbform.daniel-lobo.com .
Contact: michael.levin@tufts.edu
Fish populations forming transient spawning aggregations: should
spawners always be the targets of spatial protection efforts?
Authors: Grüss Arnaud , Robinson Jan 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Many coral reef fish form transient spawning aggregations at sites located a few to hundreds of kilometres from their normal residence areas. Reef fish spawning aggregations (“FSAs”) are often heavily exploited, which make them targets for management with marine reserves. We used a per-recruit model to compare the long-term conservation (impacts on female spawning-stock biomass-per-recruit (SSBR) and female : male sex ratio, SR) and fisheries effects (impacts on yield-per-recruit, YPR) of spawning reserves vs. normal residence reserves for two data-poor populations from Seychelles with contrasting life history traits and sexual modes: the Siganus sutor population of the main granitic islands, which has a fast life history and is gonochoristic and the Epinephelus fuscoguttatus population of Farquhar Atoll, which has a slow life history and is protogynous. Overall, our results suggest that normal residence reserves are more effective at improving both the SSBR and YPR of S. sutor. In contrast, the protection of a substantial fraction of spawning sites is preferable for E. fuscoguttatus to ensure the reproductive output of this protogynous population through normalization of SR and maintenance of high SSBR. Neither spawning reserves nor normal residence reserves improved the YPR of E. fuscoguttatus. However, yields of E. fuscoguttatus may increase on the long term via recruitment subsidy if a substantial fraction of spawning sites is protected. This may occur only if the population was recruitment limited in the absence of reserves and increases in SSBR compensate for lost opportunities caused by the area closures. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the relative effects of spawning reserves and normal residence reserves relate more to the change in catchability occurring with FSA formation than to life history traits. Thus, normal residence reserves should be preferred over spawning reserves for S. sutor essentially because its catchability at spawning sites is low relative to many other aggregation-forming populations. S. sutor therefore suffers higher fishing mortality in normal residence areas than at FSA sites. Our study demonstrates that spawning reserves are not always the most effective tool for balancing conservation and exploitation objectives for FSA-forming populations, and that this measure should ideally be weighed against other management options.
Deep Fungal Diseases
Authors: Meunier Yann A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Presentation of the Geographic Distribution, Main Symptoms, Treatment and Preventive Measures of fungal diseases: Basidiobolomycosis, Blastomycosis (North American or Gilchrist disease or Chicago disease), Blastomycosis (South American or Lutz-Splendore-Almeida disease), Chromomycosis, Coccidioidomycosis (or Posada, Wernicke and Rixford disease), Conidiobolomycosis, Histoplasmosis (African), Histoplasmosis (American or Darling disease), Lobomycosis (or Jorge Lobo disease) Mycetoma (or Madura foot), Pythiosis, Rhinosporidiosis, Scytalidiosis.
Viral Diseases
Authors: Meunier Yann A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Presentation of the Geographic Distribution, Main Symptoms, Treatment and Preventive Measures of viral diseases: (1) Common Diseases: Hepatitis, Herpes simplex (or cold or fever sore), HIV/AIDS, Influenza (flu and (2) Rare Diseases: Arboviral disease, Arenaviruses diseases (including Tacaribe complex and Lassa fever diseases, Bunyaviral diseases (including Rift Valley fever -RVF-), Filoviral diseases (including Ebola and Marburg virus diseases, Flaviviral diseases, Hantaviral diseases (including Hantan virosis, Reoviral and rhabdoviral diseases (including Mossuril virus and Lyssavirus diseases), S.A.R.S., Togaviral diseases (including Chikungunya virus disease)
Tropical Health Hazards
Authors: Meunier Yann A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Presentation of the Geographic Distribution, Main Symptoms, Treatment and Preventive Measures of diseases induced by the following animals: Bees and Hymenoptera, Butterflies, Cats, Centipedes, Dogs, Fish, Fleas, Jelly fish/Anemones/Physaliae, Leeches, Lice, Ticks, Mollusks, Muraenae (or moray eels), Rats, Scorpions, Snakes, Spiders, Trombiculidae
Probing strange stars with advanced gravitational wave detectors
Authors: Moraes Pedro H. R. S. , Miranda Oswaldo D. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
When a neutron star is squeezed to huge densities, it can be converted to a strange star. Using the event/year rate of a neutron star–strange star binary system, we show that the operational phase of advanced gravitational wave detectors might show some evidence that such strange stars do exist. Moreover, we argue that such a system could be a plausible progenitor to GRB 051103 and GRB 070201. In the last run of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), no gravitational wave signal was found for these gamma-ray bursts, and a conclusive explanation for this needs to be found.
Detection of a QPO in five XMM–Newton observations of RE J1034+396
Authors: Alston W. N. , Markevičiūtė J. , Kara E. , Fabian A. C. , Middleton M. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The X-ray quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) at ∼2.6 × 10−4 Hz in RE J1034+396 has been robustly observed in the 0.2–10 keV band of one ∼90 ks XMM–Newton observation, but was not detected in subsequent observations. Here, we investigate the power spectral density (PSD) of eight archival XMM–Newton observations of RE J1034+396, and search for the presence of QPOs in three energy bands: soft (0.3–0.8 keV); hard (1.0–4.0 keV) and total (0.2–10.0 keV). We find a significant detection of a QPO feature in the hard-band PSD of five low-flux/spectrally harder observations. The QPO frequency has remained persistent at ∼2.6 × 10−4 Hz over ∼4 yr of observations, though it is no longer detected in the soft band, except in the original observation. This result increases the duration where the QPO is present by a factor of 3 (now ∼250 ks), allowing for a better understanding of the QPO phenomenon observed in both active galactic nuclei and black hole X-ray Binaries.
Phosphorylated Akt Expression as a Favorable Prognostic Factor for Patients Undergoing Curative Resection and Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Proximal Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer
Authors: Kim Byoung Hyuck , Kim Kyubo , Min Hye Sook , Chie Eui Kyu , Jang Jin-Young , Kim Sun Whe , Han Sae-Won , Oh Do-Youn , Im Seock-Ah , Kim Tae-You , Bang Yung-Jue , Jang Ja-June , Ha Sung W. 
Published: August 2014

Objectives:
To evaluate the prognostic significance of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), and total phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) expressions in patients undergoing adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for proximal extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) cancer.

Methods:
Sixty-three patients with proximal EHBD cancer who underwent curative resection followed by adjuvant CRT were enrolled into this study. Postoperative radiotherapy was delivered to tumor bed and regional lymph nodes up to a median of 40 Gy (range, 40 to 54 Gy). Fifty-nine patients also received fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy as a radiosensitizer. p-Akt, p-mTOR, and PTEN expression were assessed with immunohistochemical staining on the tissue microarray.

Results:
p-Akt, p-mTOR, and PTEN were expressed in 23 (36.5%), 17 (27.0%), and 24 patients (38.1%), respectively. p-Akt expression was associated with distant metastasis and overall survival (OS), but not with locoregional recurrence. The 5-year distant metastasis-free and OS rates were 25.8% versus 58.2% (P=0.007), and 27.5% versus 50.2% (P=0.0167) in patients with negative and positive expression, respectively. On multivariate analysis, nodal involvement was the only significant prognosticator predicting inferior distant metastasis-free survival (P=0.0105), whereas p-Akt expression had a borderline significance (P=0.0541). As for OS, p-Akt expression was a marginally significant prognosticator (P=0.0635), whereas other risk factors lost the statistical significance.

Conclusion:
p-Akt expression tended to be associated with a favorable prognosis in patients undergoing curative resection followed by adjuvant CRT for proximal EHBD cancer.
Gene Expression: edgeRun: an R package for sensitive, functionally relevant differential expression discovery using an unconditional exact test
Authors: Dimont Emmanuel , Shi Jiantao , Kirchner Rory , Hide Winston 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTSummaryNext-generation sequencing platforms for measuring digital expression such as RNA-Seq are displacing traditional microarray-based methods in biological experiments. The detection of differentially expressed genes between groups of biological conditions has led to the development of numerous bioinformatics tools, but so far few, exploit the expanded dynamic range afforded by the new technologies. We present edgeRun, an R package that implements an unconditional exact test that is a more powerful version of the exact test in edgeR. This increase in power is especially pronounced for experiments with as few as 2 replicates per condition, for genes with low total expression and with large biological coefficient of variation. In comparison with a panel of other tools, edgeRun consistently captures functionally similar differentially expressed genes.AvailabilityThe package is freely available under the MIT license from CRAN (http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/edgeRun)Contactedimont@mail.harvard.edu