bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Antimicrobial Sesquiterpenes from the Chinese Medicinal Plant, Chloranthus angustifolius.
Authors: Yang Xinzhou , Wang Chao , Yang Jing , Wan Dingrong , Lin Qinxiong , Yang Guangzhong , Mei Zhinan , Feng Yunjiang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBoth new isolated compounds display antifungal activity against Candida albicans (MIC: 16 μg/ml).
ChemInform Abstract: Sesquiterpenoids from the Root Bark of Acanthopanax leucorrhizus and Their Biological Activities.
Authors: Hu Hao‐Bin , Zhang Peng‐Hui , Wu Yun 
Published: March 2015

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of the new sesquiterpenoid (I) and two known sesquiterpenoids
ChemInform Abstract: Mother Diamine: A Universal Building Block for Making Chiral Ligands from Daughter Diamines to Binol, Binap and Monophos Analogues.
Authors: Lee Ansoo , So Soon Mog , Lough Alan J. , Kim Hyunwoo , Chin Jik 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFrom a series of tested ligands the presented ligand (MDP) gives the best conversion and enantioselectivity in the asymmetric hydrogenation of N‐acetyldehydrophenylalanine methyl ester (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Indole‐Derived Allocolchicine Congeners Through Pd‐Catalyzed Intramolecular C—H Arylation Reaction.
Authors: Sitnikov Nikolay S. , Kokisheva Antonina S. , Fukin Georgy K. , Neudoerfl Joerg‐Martin , Sutorius Hannah , Prokop Aram , Fokin Valery V. , Schmalz Hans‐Guenther , Fedorov Alexey Yu. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractKey step in the synthesis of the structural analogues (III) and (VI) of the antimitotic agent allocolchicine is the formation of the polycyclic ring system under Pd catalysis in the presence of CsOPiv, generated in situ.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective and Regioselective Pyrone Diels—Alder Reactions of Vinyl Sulfones: Total Synthesis of (+)‐Cavicularin.
Authors: Zhao Peng , Beaudry Christopher M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe enantioselective total synthesis of the title compound (I) features a regioselective one‐pot three‐component Suzuki reaction of a bisbromoarene to form a high substituted terphenyl, and an intramolecular enantioselective Diels—Alder reaction of an α‐pyrone as key‐steps.
ChemInform Abstract: New Thymol Derivatives and Cytotoxic Constituents from the Root of Eupatorium cannabinum ssp. asiaticum.
Authors: Chen Li‐Chai , Lee Tzong‐Huei , Sung Ping‐Jyun , Shu Chih‐Wen , Lim Yun‐Ping , Cheng Ming‐Jen , Kuo Wen‐Lung , Chen Jih‐Jung 
Published: March 2015

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxic activities of two new thymol derivatives, (I) and (II), along with six known compounds
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Atrop‐O‐benzyl‐desmethylabyssomicin C.
Authors: Matovic R. , Bihelovic F. , Gruden‐Pavlovic M. , Saicic R. N. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe synthetic natural product analogue title compound (I) shows antibacterial activity against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains comparable to the natural product atrop‐abyssomicin C, but its cytotoxicity (HeLa and peripheral blood mononuclear cells) is three orders of magnitude lower.
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamental Degradation Mechanisms of Layered Oxide Li‐Ion Battery Cathode Materials: Methodology, Insights and Novel Approaches
Authors: Hausbrand R. , Cherkashinin G. , Ehrenberg H. , Groeting M. , Albe K. , Hess C. , Jaegermann W. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractReview: 176 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Review: Bismuth Complexes: Synthesis and Applications in Biomedicine
Authors: Yang Yang , Ouyang Ruizhuo , Xu Lina , Guo Ning , Li Weiwei , Feng Kai , Ouyang Lei , Yang Zhuoyuan , Zhou Shuang , Miao Yuqing 
Published: March 2015

AbstractReview: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Impact of 1,2,3‐Triazoles in the Design of Functional Coatings
Authors: Kantheti Sasidhar , Narayan Ramanuj , Raju K. V. S. N. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractReview: application of 1,2,3‐triazoles in the design of various high performance organic coatings with properties like anti‐corrosive, anti‐microbial, self‐healing, hybrid nanocomposite, biodegradable, etc., 147 refs.
Solvent‐Free Synthesis of 4H‐Pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones Catalyzed by BiCl3: A Green Route to a Privileged Backbone
Authors: Roslan Irwan I. , Lim Qiu‐Xuan , Han Aijuan , Chuah Gaik‐Khuan , Jaenicke Stephan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAn extensive array of 4H‐pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones have been synthesized from commercially available 2‐aminopyridines and β‐oxo esters with excellent yields under solvent‐free conditions. The reaction, catalyzed by cheap and nontoxic BiCl3, proceeds with short reaction times under mild conditions and normal atmosphere. Only water and alcohol are formed as co‐products in this green reaction.
Relationship of pain and ancestry in African American women
Authors: Robbins J.A. , Qi L. , Garcia L. , Younger J.W. , Seldin M.F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundAfrican Americans are reported to be more sensitive to pain than European Americans. Pain sensitivity has been shown to be genetically linked in animal models and is likely to be in humans.MethodsExactly, 11,239 self‐identified African American post‐menopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative had percentage African ancestry determined by ancestry informative markers, “Pain Construct” measurements and covariate information. They answered five questions about specific types and location of pain, such as joint, neck, low back, headache and urinary. They also answered two questions which were used to derive a “Pain Construct”, a measure of general pain scored on a scale of 1–100. Associations were tested in linear regression models adjusting for age, self‐reported medical conditions, neighbourhood socio‐economic status, education and depression.ResultsIn the unadjusted model of the five specific types of pain measures, greater pain perception was associated with a higher proportion of African ancestry. However, some of the specific types of pain measures were no longer associated with African ancestry after adjustment for other study covariates. The Pain Construct was statistically significantly associated with African ancestry in both the unadjusted [β = −0.132, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −099 to −0.164; r = −0.075, 95% CI −0.056 to −0.093] and the adjusted models (β = −0.069 95% CI = −0.04 to −0.10).ConclusionsGreater African ancestry was associated with higher levels of self‐reported pain, although this accounted for only a minor fraction of the overall variation in the Pain Construct.
Bullying, abuse and family conflict as risk factors for chronic pain among Dutch adolescents
Authors: Voerman J.S. , Vogel I. , de Waart F. , Westendorp T. , Timman R. , Busschbach J.J.V. , van de Looij‐Jansen P. , de Klerk C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPurposePsychosocial stress seems to serve as an important risk factor for the occurrence of pain. The present study aims to examine if early adversities, e.g. bullying, abuse and family conflict are risk factors for chronic pain in adolescents. The secondary aim of the present study was to describe the pain characteristics of chronic pain in adolescents in a community sample of Dutch adolescents.MethodsParticipants in the present study were 15,220 adolescents, attending schools (grade 7 and 8) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Chronic pain was measured with a newly developed questionnaire; the Pain Barometer. Early adversities were measured using single‐item questions from the Rotterdam Youth Monitor, a longitudinal youth health surveillance system. Cross‐sectional associations between early adversities and chronic pain were investigated using logistic multilevel analysis, adjusted for potential confounding.ResultsIn school year 2010–2011, 9.2% of the 15,220 adolescents reported chronic pain. Physical abuse by others (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.07–2.14), sexual abuse (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.05–2.05), family conflict (OR = 1.79, 95% C = 1.61–1.99) and being bullied (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.17–1.29) are more common in adolescents with chronic pain. Physical abuse (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 0.95–1.71) by parents and parental divorce (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.93–1.22) were not significantly related to chronic pain.ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that bullying, abuse and family conflict may be risk factors for chronic pain in adolescents. Early signalling these stressors might prevent chronic pain.Implications and contributionEarly adversities, i.e. physical and sexual abuse, being bullied and family conflict, might be risk factors for developing chronic pain. In addition, the present study suggests that chronic pain is common among Dutch adolescents and interferes with their daily activities. If future studies confirm our results, this knowledge can be used to improve the signalling and prevention of chronic pain in adolescents.
Intra‐event scale bar–bank interactions and their role in channel widening
Authors: Klösch Mario , Blamauer Bernadette , Habersack Helmut 
Published: March 2015

AbstractChannel bars and banks strongly affect the morphology of both braided and meandering rivers. Accordingly, bar formation and bank erosion processes have been greatly explored. There is, however, a lack of investigations addressing the interactions between bed and bank morphodynamics, especially over short timescales. One major implication of this gap is that the processes leading to the repeated accretion of mid‐channel bars and associated widenings remain unsolved. In a restored section of the Drau River, a gravel‐bed river in Austria, mid‐channel bars have developed in a widening channel. During mean flow conditions, the bars divert the flow towards the banks. One channel section exhibited both an actively retreating bank and an expanding mid‐channel bar, and was selected to investigate the morphodynamic processes involved in bar accretion and channel widening at the intra‐event timescale. We repeatedly surveyed riverbed and riverbank topography, monitored riverbank hydrology and mounted a time‐lapse camera for continuous observation of riverbank erosion processes during four flow events. The mid‐channel bar was shown to accrete when it was submerged during flood events, which at the subsequent flow diversion during lower discharges narrowed the branch along the bank and increased the water surface elevation upstream from the riffle, which constituted the inlet into the branch. These changes of bed topography accelerated the flow along the bank and triggered bank failures up to 20 days after the flood events. Four analysed flow events exhibited a total bar expansion from initially 126 m2 to 295 m2, while bank retreat was 6 m at the apex of the branch. The results revealed the forcing role of bar accretion in channel widening and highlighted the importance of intra‐event scale bed morphodynamics for bank erosion, which were summarized in a conceptual model of the observed bar–bank interactions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Addressing Missing Data in Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS): Implications for the Use of PROMS for Comparing Provider Performance
Authors: Gomes Manuel , Gutacker Nils , Bojke Chris , Street Andrew 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPatient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) are now routinely collected in the English National Health Service and used to compare and reward hospital performance within a high‐powered pay‐for‐performance scheme. However, PROMs are prone to missing data. For example, hospitals often fail to administer the pre‐operative questionnaire at hospital admission, or patients may refuse to participate or fail to return their post‐operative questionnaire. A key concern with missing PROMs is that the individuals with complete information tend to be an unrepresentative sample of patients within each provider and inferences based on the complete cases will be misleading. This study proposes a strategy for addressing missing data in the English PROM survey using multiple imputation techniques and investigates its impact on assessing provider performance. We find that inferences about relative provider performance are sensitive to the assumptions made about the reasons for the missing data. © 2015 The Authors. Health Economics Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Se‐catalyzed process of sodium bisulfite disproportionation
Authors: Chai Liyuan , Yang Bentao , Liu Hui , Xiang Kaisong , Yang Shu , Peng Cong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDSO2 is an important gaseous pollutant that seriously affects the environment and human health. The most common method for SO2 removal is absorption by NaOH solution and then forming HSO3−. Since generation of high‐value products and reduction of alkali consumption are important for the economy and practical application, selenium‐catalyzed HSO3− disproportionation was developed in this study.RESULTSSelenium decreased the reaction temperature of HSO3− disproportionation from >433 K to 343 K. The effects of HSO3− concentration, temperature, selenium dosage, and stirring intensity were investigated. Selenium could be used at least five times with stable catalytic performance, indicating satisfactory reusability. More importantly, a catalytic mechanism was proposed using dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry and UV‐visible transmittance spectrophotometry. Results showed that selenium‐catalyzed HSO3− disproportionation experienced a solid–liquid–solid phase transformation process. During this process, SeSO32− and HSe− were identified as the intermediates. Furthermore, products, i.e. sulfur and sodium bisulfate, were characterized to demonstrate their structure and composition.CONCLUSIONSelenium was an efficient catalyst for HSO3− disproportionation. This catalytic process offered the advantages of less consumption of alkali and production of high‐valuable products, and thus was a potential alternative to other technology for SO2 removal in practical applications. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Ecological niches of open ocean phytoplankton taxa
Authors: Brun Philipp , Vogt Meike , Payne Mark R. , Gruber Nicolas , O'Brien Colleen J. , Buitenhuis Erik T. , Le Quéré Corinne , Leblanc Karine , Luo Ya‐Wei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe characterize the realized ecological niches of 133 phytoplankton taxa in the open ocean based on observations from the MAREDAT initiative and a statistical species distribution model (MaxEnt). The models find that the physical conditions (mixed layer depth, temperature, light) govern large‐scale patterns in phytoplankton biogeography over nutrient availability. Strongest differences in the realized niche centers were found between diatoms and coccolithophores. Diatoms (87 species) occur in habitats with significantly lower temperatures, light intensity and salinity, with deeper mixed layers, and with higher nitrate and silicate concentrations than coccolithophores (40 species). However, we could not statistically separate the realized niches of coccolithophores from those of diazotrophs (two genera) and picophytoplankton (two genera). Phaeocystis (two species) niches only clearly differed from diatom niches for temperature. While the realized niches of diatoms cover the majority of niche space, the niches of picophytoplankton and coccolithophores spread across an intermediate fraction and diazotroph and colonial Phaeocystis niches only occur within a relatively confined range of environmental conditions in the open ocean. Our estimates of the realized niches roughly match the predictions of Reynolds' C‐S‐R model for the global ocean, namely that taxa classified as nutrient stress tolerant have niches at lower nutrient and higher irradiance conditions than light stress tolerant taxa. Yet, there is considerable within‐class variability in niche centers, and many taxa occupy broad niches, suggesting that more complex approaches may be necessary to capture all aspects of phytoplankton ecology.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation follow‐up study in early Parkinson's disease: A decline in compensation with disease progression?
Authors: Kojovic Maja , Kassavetis Panagiotis , Bologna Matteo , Pareés Isabel , Rubio‐Agusti Ignacio , Beraredelli Alfredo , Edwards Mark J. , Rothwell John C. , Bhatia Kailash P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundA number of neurophysiological abnormalities have been described in patients with Parkinson's disease, but very few longitudinal studies of how these change with disease progression have been reported. We describe measures of motor cortex inhibition and plasticity at 6 and 12 mo in 12 patients that we previously reported at initial diagnosis. Given the well‐known interindividual variation in these measures, we were particularly concerned with the within‐subject changes over time.MethodsPatients were assessed clinically, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to measure motor cortical excitability, inhibition (short interval intracortical inhibition, cortical silent period), and plasticity (response to excitatory paired associative stimulation protocol) in both hemispheres. All measurements were performed 6 mo and 12 mo after the baseline experiments.ResultsAsymmetry in clinical motor symptoms was reflected in asymmetry of plasticity and inhibition. In the group as a whole, little change was seen in any of the parameters over 12 mo. However, analysis of within‐individual data showed clear correlations between changes in clinical asymmetry and asymmetry of response to paired associative stimulation protocol and cortical silent period.ConclusionsLongitudinal changes in cortical silent period and response to paired associative stimulation protocol in Parkinson's disease reflect dynamic effects on motor cortex that are related to progression of motor signs. They are useful objective markers of early disease progression that could be used to detect effects of disease‐modifying therapies. The decline in heightened plasticity that was present at disease onset may reflect failure of compensatory mechanisms that maintained function in the preclinical state. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Understanding anti‐polyelectrolyte behavior of a well‐defined polyzwitterion at the single‐chain level
Authors: Wang Fei , Yang Jingfa , Zhao Jiang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA study was made of the anti‐polyelectrolyte effect of a model polyzwitterion at the single‐chain level and from the point of view of comparison with inorganic salts and organic inner salts. A well‐defined polymer of sulfobetaine was synthesized and fluorescently labeled. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy was adopted to probe diffusion and chain size of polyzwitterion single chains in extremely dilute aqueous solutions over a broad concentration range of added salts. By the introduction of inorganic salts and organic inner salts, the single chains of polyzwitterions expanded with an increase of salt concentration. This observation indicates that the break‐up of the dipole–dipole attraction between the zwitterion units is the mechanism of the anti‐polyelectrolyte effect of polyzwitterions. The difference in the strength of the anti‐polyelectrolyte effect induced by inorganic salts and organic inner salts also indicates the partial contribution from the asymmetric adsorption of ions onto polyzwitterion chains. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Single-Cell XIST Expression in Human Preimplantation Embryos and Newly Reprogrammed Female Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Briggs Sharon F. , Dominguez Antonia A. , Chavez Shawn L. , Reijo Pera Renee A. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The process of X chromosome inactivation (XCI) during reprogramming to produce human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), as well as during the extensive programming that occurs in human preimplantation development, is not well-understood. Indeed, studies of XCI during reprogramming to iPSCs report cells with two active X chromosomes and/or cells with one inactive X chromosome. Here, we examine expression of the long noncoding RNA, XIST, in single cells of human embryos through the oocyte-to-embryo transition and in new mRNA reprogrammed iPSCs. We show that XIST is first expressed beginning at the 4-cell stage, coincident with the onset of embryonic genome activation in an asynchronous manner. Additionally, we report that mRNA reprogramming produces iPSCs that initially express XIST transcript; however, expression is rapidly lost with culture. Loss of XIST and H3K27me3 enrichment at the inactive X chromosome at late passage results in X chromosome expression changes. Our data may contribute to applications in disease modeling and potential translational applications of female stem cells. Stem Cells 2015;33:1771–1781
Review of catalytic syngas production through steam or dry reforming and partial oxidation of studied liquid compounds
Authors: Abatzoglou Nicolas , Fauteux‐Lefebvre Clémence 
Published: March 2015

Although natural gas is the main feedstock for the production of hydrogen and syngas, liquid hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds are of interest for reasons associated with their local availability and their easiness to be stored and transported. This review focuses on steam, dry, and partial oxidation of liquid feedstock. The vast research work published in these fields does not allow for a full coverage of the entire literature. Instead, the authors present from both scientific and technical stand points the knowledge which seems more promising toward eventual improvements of commercial units and utilization of new catalytic formulations. Since traditional steam reforming is relatively very well covered by other reviews, this review has mainly focused on the relatively recent works on glycerol, a biodiesel production by‐product, and the widely available and distributed commercial diesel/biodiesel. New promising catalytic formulations are proposed and are actually under testing for eventual commercial use. Nevertheless these catalysts might be eventually efficient for gaseous (e.g., CH4) hydrocarbons conversion to syngas. Dry and partial oxidation has also been reviewed both globally and in an incremental way. All liquid feedstock tested are reported. Finally, this review tries to bridge the gap between fundamental and factual research in this field. Both are important but the interpretation of the results remains a strong function of each paper's main focus. This review does not pretend that this gap is fully bridged but it has the ambition to help the researchers as well as the practitioners in this area to synthesize the existing knowledge. WIREs Energy Environ 2016, 5:169–187. doi: 10.1002/wene.167This article is categorized under:

Bioenergy > Science and Materials
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen > Science and Materials
Palatal bone thickness and associated factors in adult miniscrew placements: A cone‐beam computed tomography study
Authors: Poon Yi‐Ching , Chang Hong‐Po , Tseng Yu‐Chuan , Chou Szu‐Ting , Cheng Jung‐Hsuan , Liu Pao‐Hsin , Pan Chin‐Yun 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPalatal bone thickness measurements obtained by cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 30 men and 28 women were evaluated for associated factors. Palatal bone thickness was measured at 20 locations unilateral to the midpalatal suture and posterior to the incisive foramen. Tongue position, presence of posterior crossbite, and palatal morphology were recorded. Lateral cephalograms acquired from CBCT data were used to calculate Frankfort‐mandibular plane angles (FMA). At almost all sites, bone thickness was greater in males than in females, but the difference was statistically significant at only seven sites. Bone thickness showed no associations with tongue position, palatal morphology, or presence of posterior crossbite. In women, FMA significantly correlated with bone thickness at 12 locations. In conclusion, palatal bone thickness is unassociated with tongue position, posterior crossbite, or palatal morphology. In hyperdivergent women, however, available bone may be smaller than normal in the middle and posterior palatal areas; in such cases, a shorter than normal miniscrew may be needed to avoid penetrating the nasal cavity.