bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying Mastery Learning in a Clinical Skills Training Program for Primary Care Nurses
Authors: Tang Wern Ee , Dong Lijuan 
Published: February 2014

How to Obtain Contact Hours by Reading this IssueInstructions: 1.2contact hours will be awarded by Villanova University College of Nursing upon successful completion of this activity. A contact hour is a unit of measurement that denotes 60 minutes of an organized learning activity. This is a learner-based activity. Villanova University College of Nursing does not require submission of your answers to the quiz.A contact hour certificate will be awarded once you register, pay the registration fee, and complete the evaluation form online athttps://villanova.gosignmeup.com/dev_students.asp?action=browse&main=Nursing+Journals&misc=564.In order to obtain contact hours you must:1.Read the article, “Applying Mastery Learning in a Clinical Skills Training Program for Primary Care Nurses,” found on pages535–541, carefully noting any tables and other illustrative materials that are included to enhance your knowledge and understanding of the content. Be sure to keep track of the amount of time (number of minutes) you spend reading the article and completing the quiz.2.Read and answer each question on the quiz. After completing all of the questions, compare your answers to those provided within this issue. If you have incorrect answers, return to the article for further study.3.Go to the Villanova website to register for contact hour credit. You will be asked to provide your name, contact information, and a VISA, MasterCard, or Discover card number for payment of the $20.00 fee. Once you complete the online evaluation, a certificate will be automatically generated.This activity is valid for continuing education credit untilNovember 30, 2015.Contact HoursThis activity is co-provided by Villanova University College of Nursing and SLACK Incorporated.Villanova University College of Nursing is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Commission on Accreditation.ObjectiveReview findings from a study designed to identify new graduates’ perceptions of the development of critical thinking skills through relationships with their preceptors in critical care settings.Disclosure StatementNeither the planners nor the authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose.This article describes the application of mastery learning in the development and implementation of a clinical skills training program for primary care nurses. The objective of the training program was to equip primary care nurses with the clinical skills to triage and administer bronchodilator therapy to patients presenting to the primary care clinic with acute exacerbations of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The positive outcomes of this program support the idea that mastery learning is an effective competency-based training method for clinical skills acquisition. However, variations in training duration and dropout rates should be taken into consideration when planning mastery learning-based training programs.J Contin Educ Nurs.2013;44(12):535–541.
Teleneonatology: A Major Tool for the Future
Authors: Minton Stephen , Allan Mark , Valdes Wesley 
Published: February 2014

Hospitals have, for centuries, maintained a central position in the health care system, providing care for critically ill patients. Despite being a cornerstone of health care delivery, we are witnessing the beginning of a major transformation in their function. There are several forces driving this transformation, including health care costs, shortage of health care professionals, volume of people with chronic diseases, consumerism, health care reform, and hospital errors.
The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Utah Valley Regional Medical Center in Provo, Utah, began an aggressive redesign/quality improvement effort in 1990. It became obvious that our care processes were designed for health care deliverers and not for the families. An ongoing revamp of our care delivery processes was undertaken using significant input from a parent focus meeting, parental interviews, and development of a parent-to-parent support group.
As a result of this work, it became obvious we needed a new model to truly empower parents. The idea of “NICU is Home” was born. We elected to make a mind shift, not to focus on what families think, but rather on how they think.
Web cams and other video apparatus have been used in a number of NICUs across the country. We decided our equipment requirements would need to include high-resolution cameras, full high-definition video recording, autofocus, audio microphones, automatic noise reduction, and automatic low-light correction. Our conferencing software needed to accommodate multiple users and have multiple-picture capabilities, low band width, and inexpensive technology. It was recognized that a single video camera feed was insufficient to adequately capture the desired amount of information.
Verbal communication between parents and their babies’ principal care providers is critical. Parents loved the idea of expanding the remote NICU web cam of their baby to a two-way physician-parent communication bedside monitor. Doctors at Utah Valley Regional Medical Center now have a mobile desk using a WiFi computer/camera/audio to communicate with the family in real-time or leave a recording.

CME Educational Objectives
Stephen Minton, MD, is Medical Director, Newborn Services, and Chief of Neonatology, Utah Valley Regional Medical Center. Mark Allan, MBA, is Manager, Clinical Information Systems, Urban South Region, Intermountain Healthcare, Utah Valley Regional Medical Center. Wesley Valdes, DO, is Medical Director, Telehealth Services Intermountain Healthcare.

Address correspondence to: Stephen Minton, MD, Department of Neonatology, Utah Valley Regional Medical Center, 1034 N. 500 W. Provo, UT 84604; email:
stephen.minton@imail.org
.

Disclosure: The authors have no relevant financial relationships to report.
doi: 10.3928/00904481-20140127-11
Bilateral Quadriceps Rupture: Results With and Without Platelet-rich Plasma
Authors: Lanzetti Riccardo Maria , Vadalà Antonio , Morelli Federico , Iorio Raffaele , Ciompi Alessandro , Vetrano Mario , Argento Giuseppe , Vulpiani Maria Chiara , Di Sanzo Vincenzo , Ferretti Andrea 
Published: February 2014

This article presents a 46-year-old man with bilateral atraumatic quadriceps rupture that occurred while he was descending stairs. The patient underwent surgery the day after the accident. In the left knee, quadriceps reinsertion was performed using a conventional technique. In the right knee, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), both in its liquid and semisolid patterns, was added intraoperatively.
Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging evaluations were performed 1, 6, and 24 months postoperatively. At 6 and 24 months postoperatively, clinical and functional evaluations also were performed. Clinical examination showed no differences between the knees, and functional scores were the same for both knees. Ultrasonographic evaluation showed bilateral persistent tendon thickening and gross echotexture abnormalities, with no side-to-side differences. Magnetic resonance imaging showed signals of vascularized granulation tissue in both knees, which was more evident in the right (PRP) knee at 1 month postoperatively, along with a better signal of scar tissue in the right knee at 6 and 24 months postoperatively.
The use of PRP yielded no better clinical or functional results than the lack of its use. However, a more intense and significant reparative healing process occurred where the PRP was used, thus suggesting a more rapid completion of the healing process, although this effect seems to remain only a radiographic finding with no clinical correlation.
Long-Term Results of Deeper Muscle Fibers Recession of an Inferior Rectus Operation
Authors: Gokyigit Birsen , Akar Serpil , Kaynak Pelin , Demirok Ahmet , Yilmaz Omer Faruk 
Published: February 2014

Purpose:
To report the efficacy in preventing lower eyelid retraction and long-term results of a new technique of inferior rectus (IR) recession for vertical strabismus and compare this method with the results obtained by a conventional IR recession operation.

Methods:
This retrospective study included 35 patients who underwent a new IR recession method (study group) and 22 patients who underwent the conventional IR recession (control group) for vertical strabismus. In the study group, an IR recession was applied to the deeper fibers and included approximately 90% of the IR muscle thickness. This group was divided into two subgroups: small IR recessions (4 to 6 mm) and large IR recessions (7 to 8 mm). In the control group, an IR recession of the entire muscle was applied without exceeding 6 mm. The photographs were analyzed for lower eyelid position. Digital image analysis was used to standardize each patient’s preoperative and postoperative photographs at final follow-up examination. The main outcome measures were the margin-to-reflex distance, lower eyelid retraction, and vertical deviation angles (at near and distance fixation).

Results:

The mean change in margin-to-reflex distance after surgery was 0.03 mm in the small IR recessions group, 0.1 mm in the large IR recessions group, and 2.04 mm in the control group. Postoperatively, the lower eyelid retraction in the study group, which occurred after both small and large IR recessions, was significantly less than that in the control group (
P
< .001). There was no significant difference between the study and control groups in improvements in near and distance vertical deviations and success ratios (
P
> .05).

Conclusions:
At long-term follow-up, recession of the deeper fibers layer, including approximately 90% of the IR muscle thickness, was a procedure that minimized or eliminated the possibility of lower eyelid retraction and did not limit the success of strabismus surgery.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2014;51(1):17–26.]
Diode Laser Photocoagulation for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Outcomes After 7 Years of Treatment
Authors: Nicoara Simona-Delia , Cristian Cristina , Irimescu Iulian , Stefanut Anne-Claudia , Zaharie Gabriela 
Published: February 2014

Purpose:
This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of transpupillary diode laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at one institution in Romania.

Methods:
This retrospective case series included all infants who received indirect diode laser photocoagulation for ROP between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2012.

Results:

The 160 eyes of 83 infants were classified into two categories: 136 eyes (85%) with classic disease (stage III ROP in zones 1 or 2) and 24 eyes (15%) with aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP). ROP regressed in 141 eyes (88.12%). The success rate was significantly better in the classic ROP group (94.11%) compared to the AP-ROP group (54.16%) (
P
< .001).

Conclusions:
The ROP regression rate after the laser treatment was 88% in this series.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2014;51(1):39–45.]
Pupil Size and LASIK: A Review
Authors: Myung David , Schallhorn Steven , Manche Edward E. 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To provide a literature review on the evidence both for and against pupil size as an independent predictor of adverse visual outcomes after LASIK.

METHODS:
Peer-reviewed publications on the effect of pupil size on LASIK outcomes since 2002 are reviewed. Particular attention was paid to the following attributes of each publication: type of study, number of patients or eyes, mean age, mean level of myopia, mean pupil size, testing conditions, ablation zone diameter, presence or absence of blend zones, and mean follow-up period.

RESULTS:
Among the 19 studies examined, none correlates a persistent relationship between pupil size and night vision complaints (NVCs) beyond 3 months when LASIK was performed with a 6.0-mm optical zone or larger ablation. The studies that did explicitly determine a correlation either included some or all patients with ablation zones smaller than 6.0 mm or did not specify ablation diameter at all. Among the studies that had drawn more mixed conclusions, the studies either covered short follow-up intervals (1 to 3 months) or showed a progressive improvement in NVCs over time in a relatively small patient cohort.

CONCLUSIONS:
As keratorefractive technology continues to evolve, the role of pupil size warrants further investigation; however, based on the literature reviewed herein, modern LASIK has negated the role of the low light pupil in predicting adverse visual outcomes after LASIK outside of the early postoperative period.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(11):734–741.]
Keratoconus Management: Long-Term Stability of Topography-Guided Normalization Combined With High-Fluence CXL Stabilization (The Athens Protocol)
Authors: Kanellopoulos Anastasios John , Asimellis George 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To investigate refractive, topometric, pachymetric, and visual rehabilitation changes induced by anterior surface normalization for keratoconus by partial topography-guided excimer laser ablation in conjunction with accelerated, high-fluence cross-linking.

METHODS:
Two hundred thirty-one keratoconic cases subjected to the Athens Protocol procedure were studied for visual acuity, keratometry, pachymetry, and anterior surface irregularity indices up to 3 years postoperatively by Scheimpflug imaging (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany).

RESULTS:

Mean visual acuity changes at 3 years postoperatively were +0.38 ± 0.31 (range: −0.34 to +1.10) for uncorrected distance visual acuity and +0.20 ± 0.21 (range: −0.32 to +0.90) for corrected distance visual acuity. Mean K1 (flat meridian) keratometric values were 46.56 ± 3.83 diopters (D) (range: 39.75 to 58.30 D) preoperatively, 44.44 ± 3.97 D (range: 36.10 to 55.50 D) 1 month postoperatively, and 43.22 ± 3.80 D (range: 36.00 to 53.70 D) up to 3 years postoperatively. The average Index of Surface Variance was 98.48 ± 43.47 (range: 17 to 208) pre-operatively and 76.80 ± 38.41 (range: 7 to 190) up to 3 years postoperatively. The average Index of Height Decentration was 0.091 ± 0.053
μ
m (range: 0.006 to 0.275
μ
m) preoperatively and 0.057 ± 0.040
μ
m (range: 0.001 to 0.208
μ
m) up to 3 years postoperatively. Mean thinnest corneal thickness was 451.91 ± 40.02
μ
m (range: 297 to 547
μ
m) preoperatively, 353.95 ± 53.90
μ
m (range: 196 to 480
μ
m) 1 month postoperatively, and 370.52 ± 58.21
μ
m (range: 218 to 500
μ
m) up to 3 years postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The Athens Protocol to arrest keratectasia progression and improve corneal regularity demonstrates safe and effective results as a keratoconus management option. Progressive potential for long-term flattening validates using caution in the surface normalization to avoid overcorrection.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(2):88–92.]
Epithelial and Stromal Remodeling After Corneal Collagen Cross-linking Evaluated by Spectral-Domain OCT
Authors: Rocha Karoline Maia , Perez-Straziota Claudia E. , Stulting R. Doyle , Randleman J. Bradley 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To evaluate changes in corneal epithelial and stromal thickness after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in eyes with keratoconus and postoperative corneal ectasia using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

METHODS:
Anterior segment SD-OCT (RTVue-100; Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA) was used to compare regional corneal epithelial and stromal thickness in eyes with keratoconus and ectasia before CXL and 1 and 3 months after CXL. The anterior surface of the cornea, epithelium–Bowman’s layer interface, and posterior reflective surface were used as anatomical landmarks to measure epithelial and stromal thickness, respectively. Regional thickness was assessed centrally and at 21 points 0.5 mm apart across the central 6 mm of the corneal vertex in the horizontal and vertical meridians.

RESULTS:

Thirty-one eyes from 30 patients were evaluated, including 17 eyes (17 patients) with keratoconus and 14 eyes (13 patients) with ectasia. Preoperatively, a highly irregular epithelial thickness profile and distribution was observed in both groups. After CXL, epithelial thickness was significantly thinner 2.5 and 2 mm below and 1.5 mm above the corneal apex (49.26 ± 5.69
μ
m; range: 43 to 62
μ
m), and 2.5 and 1 mm nasal and 2 mm temporal to the corneal apex (46.66 ± 4.53
μ
m; range: 39 to 57
μ
m) compared to preoperative values (
P
< .05 for all measurements). Epithelial thickness standard deviations were significantly lower (by 3 to 6
μ
m) 3 months after CXL, compared to ranges before CXL in both the vertical and horizontal meridians for keratoconus and ectasia (
P
= .048). No significant differences were found between epithelial remodeling in keratoconus and corneal ectasia (
P
= .98). No significant or consistent stromal changes were found for either group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Significant epithelial remodeling occurs after CXL in eyes with keratoconus and corneal ectasia, creating a similar, more regularized thickness profile in all meridians in the early postoperative period. This pattern of remodeling may facilitate interpretation of corneal curvature and thickness changes after CXL and may be related to visual acuity after CXL.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(2):122–127.]
Nerve Growth Factor Expression and Nerve Regeneration in Monkey Corneas After LASIK
Authors: Chen Luxia , Wei Rui Hua , Tan Donald T. H. , Beuerman Roger W. , Li Wenbo , Zhao Shaozhen 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To determine whether changes in cornea nerve growth factor (NGF) protein and gene expression correlate with corneal nerve regeneration after LASIK in rhesus monkeys.

METHODS:
Ten rhesus monkeys underwent randomly assigned LASIK procedures to correct −8.0 diopters of myopia in both eyes and two additional monkeys (with no surgery) served as controls. The central corneas of the experimental animals were excised 3 and 7 days and 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgery. Nerve regeneration, NGF mRNA, and protein expression were analyzed by gold chloride staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay analysis, respectively.

RESULTS:

Compared to controls, the LASIK-treated animals had a significantly diminished nerve plexus in the sub-basal region of the cornea at all times after the surgery (
P
< .001). NGF protein levels decreased significantly on days 3 and 7 after LASIK (
P
< .001), but returned to control levels 1 month later. NGF mRNA levels increased 5.4-fold on day 3 after the surgery (
P
< .001), then reduced to two-fold (
P
< .05) above control levels on day 7 and were back to normal at 3 months and beyond. After LASIK, the changes of early NGF protein and NGF mRNA levels correlated with the density of the corneal nerve plexuses.

CONCLUSIONS:
The results showed that the LASIK procedure in non-human primates was associated with changes in NGF protein and mRNA levels in the cornea. Such changes may be related to the initiation of nerve regeneration and the final recovery of nerve plexuses in the cornea.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(2):134–139.]
Correlation of Choroidal Thickness With Outer and Inner Retinal Layers
Authors: Karahan Eyyup , Zengin Mehmet Ozgur , Tuncer Ibrahim 
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the correlation of choroidal thickness with the outer and inner retinal layers.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective OCT scan review was conducted for healthy patients. Choroidal, outer retinal layer, and inner retinal layer thicknesses were measured at the fovea and 500 μm, 1,000 μm, and 1,500 μm temporal and nasal to the fovea. Retinal thickness was also measured at the foveal center. Choroidal thickness (CT) was compared at different locations, and correlation of CT with the outer and inner retinal layers was examined.

RESULTS:
Mean CT was thinnest nasally, thicker in the subfoveal region, and then thinner again temporally. Correlations found between CT and outer retinal layer thicknesses at temporal points to the fovea were slightly higher than correlations between CT and inner layer thicknesses.

CONCLUSION:
The correlation between choroidal thickness and the outer retinal layer was very weak. Similar prospective trials are needed to assess the correlation of CT with retinal layers.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2013;44:544–548.]
Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (SUNDROP): Five Years of Screening With Telemedicine
Authors: Fijalkowski Natalia , Zheng Luo Luo , Henderson Michael T. , Wang Sean K. , Wallenstein Matthew B. , Leng Theodore , Moshfeghi Darius M. 
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To report the 5-year results of the Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (SUNDROP) telemedicine initiative.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Infants requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening at six neonatal intensive care units from December 1, 2005, to November 30, 2010, were evaluated with remote retinal photography by an ROP specialist. Every infant received outpatient binocular indirect ophthalmoscope examinations until termination criteria were achieved or until treatment. Outcomes were treatment-warranted ROP (TW-ROP, ETROP type 1) and adverse anatomical events.

RESULTS:

Five hundred eleven infants (1,022 eyes) were screened. Fifteen infants had TW-ROP and underwent laser photocoagulation. The TW-ROP cohort had significantly lower birth weight and gestational age (both
P
< .001). No patient progressed to adverse anatomical outcomes and no case of TW-ROP was missed. Tele-medicine had 100% sensitivity, 99.8% specificity, 93.8% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value for detection of TW-ROP.

CONCLUSION:
Telemedicine demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy for detection of TW-ROP and can complement ROP screening.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2014;45:106–113.]
Cover Story:
Authors: Dean Gabrielle 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
An analysis of The Smart Set's cover designs, with a focus on the years 1908 to 1923, reveals the extent to which the cover was responsible for conveying the magazine's attitude of cleverness. Three iconographic trends prevailed during this period. The changes in the cover program are related to The Smart Set's publishing history and conditions, its ties to other magazines in its publishing “family,” and its relationship to advertising imagery. The cover trends point to an ongoing experiment in packaging intended to align the magazine in readers' eyes with an evolving attitude of cleverness.
Light and Silence in Matisse’s Art: Listening to the Spirit
Authors: Caranfa Angelo 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Expression or representation of light and of silence is central to the art and thought of Henri Matisse (1869-1954), and he intended that both light and silence are linked to the life of the spirit in us. Listening to the spirit as it speaks to us in Matisse’s art and the implications of the spirit for students of art and of the humanities are, thus, the primary concerns of this essay.
Making sense of the “forestry research game” at universities
Authors: MacLean David A 
Published: February 2014

In this article, I discuss forestry research as conducted in universities. The research process is summarized as a cycle of six steps, including 1) an idea, question, testable hypothesis, or user need; 2) that gets expanded into a proposal and required budget; 3) which is used to seek funding to conduct the project; 4) and also the need to find the right student or personnel, to 5) then do the project, and 6) convey the results. This may lead to more questions and thus restart the "cycle." Elements that contribute to success at each step of the process and to effective researcher–client partnerships are discussed. Key words: effective forestry research partnerships, research ranking, publications, joint projects between university researchers and industry or government clients