bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Currículo de la carrera de ingeniería mecánica eléctrica y las competencias específicas demandadas por el mercado laboral Peruano
Authors: Romero-Carrión Violeta , Tarazona-Bermúdez Bernabé 
Published: July 2024

Se presenta la correlación entre el currículo de la carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica Eléctrica de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (UNI), Lima, Perú y las competencias específicas demandadas por el mercado laboral peruano. Para este estudio de caso, se consideró una metodología de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo transversal, diseño no experimental y nivel correlacional, aplicándose una encuesta, a una muestra de cinco docentes de la Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica de la UNI, de profesión Ingeniero Mecánico Electricista y 25 egresados de dicha carrera. Los cuestionarios evaluaron el currículo de la mencionada carrera, vigente desde el año 2020, y las competencias específicas (competencias técnicas) demandadas por el mercado laboral peruano, además, se aplicó la prueba de hipótesis Rho de Spearman, obteniendo como resultado: (rS = 0,53; p = 0,003). Se concluye que, existe un nivel significativo, con una correlación moderada, entre el currículo de la carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica Eléctrica de la UNI y las competencias específicas demandadas por el mercado laboral peruano, de acuerdo a lo antes mencionado, es recomendable la actualización periódica del currículo de estudios.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Berbantuan Media Leaflet terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Kanatang
Authors: Daungu Kristoforus Umbu , Bano Vdiriana Oktoviana 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw berbantuan media Leaflet di SMP N 2 Kanatang. Jenis penelitan ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 26 siswa kelas VII-D sebagai kelas kontrol dan 24 siswa kelas VII-C sebagai kelas eksperimen. Teknik pengambilan sampling yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMPN 2 Kanatang, semester genap, tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Data penelitian ini dianalisis dengan uji statistik, yaitu uji validitas dan uji reabilitas, normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji t (paired sampel t test) menggunakan SPSS versi 23. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh data rata-rata nilai post-test siswa kelas eksperimen adalah 80,83 lebih tinggi dari kelas yang diajar dengan menggunakan metode ceramah sebesar 71,54. Hasil pengujian hipotesis degan uji paired sampel t test diperoleh hasil sig (2-tailed) <0,05 (0,000 <0,05). Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw berbantuan media leaflet terhadap hasil belajar siswa di SMP N 2 Kanatang.
Sekuritisasi Penyebaran Virus Corona oleh Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia
Authors: Indra Tamsyah  
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Covid-19 were discovered in Wuhan, China and turned into a pandemic illness that undermined individuals all over the planet. The spread of the infection has constrained the public authority in any nations to make new policies to safeguard their citizens. The presence of the Covid is a danger to each nation and this is a non-traditional issue. Non-traditional security problems can be turned into security problems through a securitization process. Covid is not a part of security isssue however, it can transform into a security issue since it is remembered for the class of wellbeing security and it is significant in keeping up with public safety. In this case study, the creator utilizes descriptive method with optional information assortment procedures or writing study, and furthermore securitization hypothesis to inspect the most common way of evolving non-security issue into security issue through five markers, thus are securitizing actor, speech act, existential treat, referent object/audience and extraordinary measure.
Keywords: Security, Corona Virus, Securitization, World Health Organization
Abstrak: Covid-19 ditemukan di Wuhan, Cina dan menjadi penyakit pandemi yang mengancam masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Penyebaran virus telah memaksa pemerintah di negara manapun untuk membuat kebijakan baru untuk melindungi warganya. Kehadiran virus corona adalah ancaman bagi setiap negara dan ini adalah masalah keamanan non-tradisional. Masalah keamanan non tradisional dapat diubah menjadi masalah keamanan melalui suatu proses sekuritisasi. Covid-19 bukan bagian dari masalah keamanan tapi bisa berubah menjadi masalah keamanan karena termasuk dalam kategori health security dan penting dalam menjaga keamanan nasional. Dalam studi kasus ini, penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data sekunder atau studi pustaka, serta teori sekuritisasi untuk mengkaji proses perubahan isu non-keamanan menjadi isu keamanan melalui lima indikator yaitu aktor sekuritisasi, tindak tutur, ancaman eksistensial, objek rujukan/audiens dan ukuran luar biasa.
Kata Kunci: Keamanan, Covid-19, Sekuritisasi, Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia
Role of Ramadan Fasting on Secretory IgA and Statherin Levels in Individuals with Dental Caries
Authors: Mohammad Baraa S. , Taha Ghada I. 
Published: July 2024

Background: Tooth decay happens when bacteria in the mouth create acid from carbohydrates that can be fermented. Along with factors related to the person (like genetics or oral hygiene habits) and saliva, this process leads to cavities. During Ramadan fasting, when eating habits change, there could be effects on health, particularly on the salivary biomarkers that are important for dental well-being.
Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to detect the activity and concentrations of salivary levels of secretory immunoglobulin A and Statherin during and after Ramadan fasting and to evaluate the association between these biomarkers with dental caries.
Methods: The study comprised 40 individuals, aged 20-25 years, diagnosed with dental caries. Participants were assessed for periodontal parameters using the Plaque Index and the Gingival Index. Saliva samples were collected during the fourth week of Ramadan fasting and two weeks after Ramadan fasting. The concentrations of both secretory IgA and Statherin were measured in salivary samples using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay .
Results: A significant decrease in the mean concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A was observed during Ramadan fasting (2.14±0.21 ng/L) compared to post-fasting (3.34±0.35 ng/L) (p=0.001). However, there was a non-significant difference (p=0.05) in statherin levels between the fasting state (2.25±0.18 ng/L) and the post-fasting state (2.85±0.22 ng/L). No statistically significant difference was found concerning both the Plaque Index and the Gingival Index within fasting and post-fasting state.
Conclusion: Low concentration of sIgA and Statherin during Ramadan fasting may indicate altered salivary gland activity or systemic response to fasting, potentially affecting oral health.
Comparative analysis of incidence of dentinal defect with different taper of rotary instrument use stereomicroscope
Authors: Mohammed Ali , Hameed Saeed Musab , MS Shukri Biland 
Published: July 2024

Aims:
Study the effect of canal preparation with different Niti rotary system (Edge x7 file and F-one file) with different taper (0.04 and 0.06) on the incidence of dentinal defect.
Methods and Material:
75 straight palatal root of maxillary first molar were collected, the instrumentation was done to 11 mm root length for all sample except control group, the sample were divided randomly into five group (n=15), Group (A) was a control, Group (B) with Edge x7 taper (0.04), Group (C) with Edge x7 taper (0.06), Group (D) with F-ONE taper (0.04), and Group (E) with F-ONE taper (0.06) Every sample had a horizontal section from the apex at 2 mm, 4.5 mm, and 7 mm, dentinal defect was evaluated with 25x stereomicroscope.
Statistical analysis used:
The data were statistically evaluated at significance levels of 5% or more using Fisher's exact test.
Results:
Ther is no significant difference between different taper and between different file, in general taper 0.04 showed less dentinal defect than taper 0.06, and Edge x7 showed less defect than F-ONE.
Conclusions:
Dentinal defects were present in all experimental groups, but not in control group.
Key-words:
Edge x7, AF Fanta, dentinal defect, stereomicroscope
The Role of Intra-Household Interactions and Personal Social Network Dispersion in Air Travel Frequency in the UK
Authors: Mattioli Giulio , Scheiner Joachim 
Published: July 2024

This paper studies private air travel frequency among the UK population using a regression analysis. The analysis accounts for a large range of independent variables, including the respondents’ partners’ attributes, social network dispersion and migration background. We find that both having one’s best friends and/or close family members abroad is associated with more frequent flights. Partners’ friends living abroad also stimulate more frequent flights. Also, partners’ education level and long-standing illness or disability are, respectively, positively and negatively associated with flight frequency. First generation migration background is associated with increased flying, while higher-order generation migration background (i.e. having parents or grandparents who were born abroad) is not.
Short-term effect of low-dose roxadustat combined with erythropoiesis-stimulating agent treatment for erythropoietin-resistant anemia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Xu Qiaoying , Huang Jingjing , Liu Qingzhen , Wang Xueling , Liu Haiying , Song Yan , Dou Fulin , Lv Shasha , Liu Gang 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundErythropoietin resistance is present in some patients with chronic kidney disease, especially in those undergoing hemodialysis, and is often treated using roxadustat rather than iron supplements and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). However, some patients cannot afford full doses of roxadustat. This retrospective study investigated the efficacy of low-dose roxadustat combined with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuEPO) therapy in 39 patients with erythropoietin-resistant renal anemia undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (3-4 sessions/week).MethodsThe ability of the combination of low-dose roxadustat and rhuEPO to increase the hemoglobin concentration over 12 weeks was assessed. Markers of iron metabolism were evaluated. Eligible adults received 50–60% of the recommended dose of roxadustat and higher doses of rhuEPO.ResultsThe mean hemoglobin level increased from 77.67 ± 11.18 g/dL to 92.0 ± 8.35 g/dL after treatment, and the hemoglobin response rate increased to 72%. The mean hematocrit level significantly increased from 24.26 ± 3.99% to 30.04 ± 3.69%. The soluble transferrin receptor level increased (27.29 ± 13.60 mg/L to 38.09 ± 12.78 mg/L), while the total iron binding capacity (49.22 ± 11.29 mg/L to 43.91 ± 12.88 mg/L) and ferritin level (171.05 ± 54.75 ng/mL to 140.83 ± 42.03 ng/mL) decreased.ConclusionTherefore, in patients with ESA-resistant anemia who are undergoing hemodialysis, the combination of low-dose roxadustat and rhuEPO effectively improves renal anemia and iron metabolism.
Association between the AHA life’s essential 8 and prediabetes/diabetes: a cross-sectional NHANES study
Authors: Xu Wei , Feng Yuntao , Abdullah Guzalnur , Li Ling , Fang Ping , Tang Sijing , Yang Huanhuan , Kong Dehong , Huang Hemin , Wang Yang , Xue Ying 
Published: July 2024

Background and aimsThe American Heart Association (AHA) recently introduced the Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) to improve cardiovascular health (CVH). However, the association between LE8 and the risk of prediabetes or diabetes is not yet fully understood. Consequently, this study aims to assess the association between CVH, as evaluated by LE8, and the risk of prediabetes and diabetes.Methods and ResultsThis cross-sectional study encompassed 7,739 participants aged ≥20 years from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). The CVH of participants was evaluated using the LE8, combining four health behaviors and three health factors. Glucose metabolic status categories included normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes including isolated impaired fasting glucose, isolated impaired glucose tolerance, both IFG and IGT, and diabetes. The associations between CVH and prediabetes and diabetes were analyzed using logistic regression, linear regression, restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses. Among 7,739 participants, 1,949 had iIFG, 1,165 were diagnosed with iIGT, 799 were IFG+IGT, and 537 were diagnosed with diabetes. After multivariable adjustments, CVH scores were inversely associated with prediabetes and diabetes, with the most robust inverse association observed between IFG+IGT and CVH across all prediabetes subgroups. Of all CVH components not directly in the causal pathway, body mass index (BMI) had the most robust associations with prediabetes and diabetes. Subgroup analyses indicated that the negative correlation between CVH and prediabetes was stronger among those with university or higher education.ConclusionCVH, as defined by LE8, showed a significant negative association with prediabetes and diabetes.
Serum INSL3 measured by LC-MS/MS in pubertal girls and in girls with precocious puberty during GnRH agonist treatment
Authors: Albrethsen Jakob , Hagen Casper P. , Juul Anders 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe peptide hormone Insulin-like Factor 3 (INSL3) is a biomarker of testicular Leydig cells in the male but is also expressed by the theca cells of the ovaries. With the advent of sensitive assays INSL3 can be quantified in female circulation, and we suggest that circulating INSL3 is a novel biomarker for pubertal development in girls. The aim of the study is to quantify INSL3 by LC-MS/MS in sera from normal girls during pubertal transition, and during gonadal suppression by GnRH agonist therapy in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP).MethodThe sensitivity of an established LC-MS/MS-based method for serum INSL3 was improved by switching to a state-of-the-art triple quadruple mass spectrometer (Altis Plus, Thermo).ResultsThe limit of detection of the improved LC-MS/MS method for serum INSL3 was 0.01 ug/L (1.5 pM) and the inter-assay CV was &lt; 12%. Serum INSL3 increased during the pubertal transition in healthy girls and changes correlated with the concomitant rise in other measured hormones. In some girls, but not all, INSL3, FSH, inhibin B and estradiol serum concentrations increased prior to first clinical signs of puberty. Serum INSL3 concentrations were increased at baseline in girls with CPP compared to prepubertal controls and decreased during treatment with GnRH agonist followed by a steep rise and normalization after cessation of treatment.ConclusionThe improved method allowed for quantification of INSL3 in longitudinally collected serum samples during pubertal transition in healthy girls as well as in girls with CPP before, during and after treatment with GnRH agonist. Future studies are needed to clarify if INSL3 in combination with other biomarkers enhances the predictive value of differentiating between premature thelarche and CPP.
Causality of genetically determined metabolites on susceptibility to prevalent urological cancers: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study and meta-analysis
Authors: Dai Xianyu , Wang Hongjie , Zhong Rong , Li Jiajun , Hou Yuchuan 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundPrevalent urological cancers, including kidney, prostate, bladder, and testicular cancers, contribute significantly to global cancer incidence and mortality. Metabolomics, focusing on small-molecule intermediates, has emerged as a tool to understand cancer etiology. Given the knowledge gap in this field, we employ a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationships between genetically determined metabolites (GDMs) and the susceptibility to four common urological cancers.MethodsThe study employs genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from European populations, featuring the most extensive case count available for both blood metabolites and four prevalent urological cancers. Preliminary and secondary MR analyses were separately conducted, employing inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method. Multiple statistical analyses, including the MR-Steiger test, Cochran’s Q test, leave-one-out analysis, MR-Egger intercept analysis, and MR-PRESSO analysis, were executed to ensure robustness. Additionally, a meta-analysis was carried out to consolidate findings. The weighted median (WM) method was utilized for a relatively lenient correction (PWM &lt; 0.05).ResultsAfter rigorous genetic variation filtering, 645 out of 1,400 metabolites were included in both preliminary and secondary MR analyses. Preliminary MR analysis identified 96 potential causal associations between 94 distinct metabolites and four urological cancers. Secondary analysis based on Finnish outcome data revealed 93 potential causal associations. Cross-database meta-analysis identified 68 blood metabolites associated with four urological cancers. Notably, 31 metabolites remained significant after using WM for correction, with additional 37 suggestive causal relationships. Reverse MR analysis revealed a significant causal association between genetically predicted prostate cancer and elevated 4-hydroxychlorothalonil levels (IVW, combined OR: 1.039, 95% CI 1.014–1.064, p = 0.002; WM, combined OR: 1.052, 95% CI 1.010–1.095, p = 0.014).ConclusionThis comprehensive MR study provides insights into the causal relationships between blood metabolites and urological cancers, revealing potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, thereby addressing gaps in understanding and laying the foundation for targeted interventions in urological cancer research and treatment.
m6A mRNA methylation-mediated MAPK signaling modulates the nasal mucosa inflammatory response in allergic rhinitis
Authors: Wang Ruikun , Liang Jieqiong , Wang Qian , Zhang Yiming , Lu Yingxia , Zhan Xiaojun , Wang Shan , Gu Qinglong 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a complex disease in which gene-environment interactions contribute to its pathogenesis. Epigenetic modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of mRNA, play important roles in regulating gene expression in multiple physiological and pathological processes. However, the function of m6A modification in AR and the inflammatory response is poorly understood.MethodsWe used the ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide to induce an AR mouse model. Nasal symptoms, histopathology, and serum cytokines were examined. We performed combined m6A and RNA sequencing to analyze changes in m6A modification profiles. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing qPCR (MeRIP-qPCR) were used to verify differential methylation of mRNAs and the m6A methylation level. Knockdown or inhibition of Alkbh5 in nasal mucosa of mice was mediated by lentiviral infection or IOX1 treatment.ResultsWe showed that m6A was enriched in a group of genes involved in MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, we identified a MAPK pathway involving Map3k8, Erk2, and Nfκb1 that may play a role in the disrupted inflammatory response associated with nasal inflammation. The m6A eraser, Alkbh5, was highly expressed in the nasal mucosa of AR model mice. Furthermore, knockdown of Alkbh5 expression by lentiviral infection resulted in high MAPK pathway activity and a significant nasal mucosa inflammatory response. Our findings indicate that ALKBH5-mediated m6A dysregulation likely contributes to a nasal inflammatory response via the MAPK pathway.ConclusionTogether, our data show that m6A dysregulation mediated by ALKBH5, is likely to contribute to inflammation of the nasal mucosa via the MAPK signaling pathway, suggesting that ALKBH5 is a potential biomarker for AR treatment.
Blood immune cell profiling in adults with longstanding type 1 diabetes is associated with macrovascular complications
Authors: He Xuehui , Wang Xinhui , van Heck Julia , van Cranenbroek Bram , van Rijssen Esther , Stienstra Rinke , Netea Mihai G. , Joosten Irma , Tack Cees J. , Koenen Hans J. P. M. 
Published: July 2024

Aims/hypothesisThere is increasing evidence for heterogeneity in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D): not only the age of onset and disease progression rate differ, but also the risk of complications varies markedly. Consequently, the presence of different disease endotypes has been suggested. Impaired T and B cell responses have been established in newly diagnosed diabetes patients. We hypothesized that deciphering the immune cell profile in peripheral blood of adults with longstanding T1D may help to understand disease heterogeneity.MethodsAdult patients with longstanding T1D and healthy controls (HC) were recruited, and their blood immune cell profile was determined using multicolour flow cytometry followed by a machine-learning based elastic-net (EN) classification model. Hierarchical clustering was performed to identify patient-specific immune cell profiles. Results were compared to those obtained in matched healthy control subjects.ResultsHierarchical clustering analysis of flow cytometry data revealed three immune cell composition-based distinct subgroups of individuals: HCs, T1D-group-A and T1D-group-B. In general, T1D patients, as compared to healthy controls, showed a more active immune profile as demonstrated by a higher percentage and absolute number of neutrophils, monocytes, total B cells and activated CD4+CD25+ T cells, while the abundance of regulatory T cells (Treg) was reduced. Patients belonging to T1D-group-A, as compared to T1D-group-B, revealed a more proinflammatory phenotype characterized by a lower percentage of FOXP3+ Treg, higher proportions of CCR4 expressing CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets, monocyte subsets, a lower Treg/conventional Tcell (Tconv) ratio, an increased proinflammatory cytokine (TNFα, IFNγ) and a decreased anti-inflammatory (IL-10) producing potential. Clinically, patients in T1D-group-A had more frequent diabetes-related macrovascular complications.ConclusionsMachine-learning based classification of multiparameter flow cytometry data revealed two distinct immunological profiles in adults with longstanding type 1 diabetes; T1D-group-A and T1D-group-B. T1D-group-A is characterized by a stronger pro-inflammatory profile and is associated with a higher rate of diabetes-related (macro)vascular complications.