bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinico-pathological factors and 18 F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters for prediction of progression-free survival in Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Thi , Son Mai Hong , Thong Mai Huy , Ha Le Ngoc 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Identifying prognostic markers for clinical outcomes is crucial for selecting appropriate treatment options for patients with radioiodine-refractory (RAI-R) differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of clinico-pathological features and quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in DTC patients with RAI-R.
Patients and Methods
: This prospective cohort study included 110 consecutive RAI-R DTC patients referred for 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The maximum lesion SUV (Standard Uptake Value: SUVmax, SUVmean, SULpeak), total metabolic tumor volume (tMTV), and total lesion glycolysis (tTLG) were measured. Disease progression was assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 and/or Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) criteria. PFS curves were plotted using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were conducted to determine the prognostic factors for PFS.
Results
18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters have predictive value for PFS in RAI-R DTC patients, with sensitivity ranging from 70.7–81% and specificity from 75–92.3% (p < 0.001). PFS was worse in patients with SUVmax > 6.39 g/ml, SUVmean > 3.68 g/ml, SULpeak > 3.14 g/ml, tTLG > 4.23 g/ml × cm³, and tMTV > 1240 ml. Clinico-pathological factors age > 55, aggressive variant and follicular histological subtype, extra-thyroidal extension of the primary tumor, stage III – IV disease at initial DTC dianogsis, distant metastases on 18F-FDG PET/CT findings, and metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT associate with PFS in univariate analysis (p < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, extra-thyroidal extension (HR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.22–4.16; p = 0.01), distant metastases on 18F-FDG PET/CT (HR: 2.98; 95%CI: 1.62–5.5; p = 0.000), and tMTV > 1240 ml (HR: 4.17; 95% CI: 2.02–8.6; p = 0.000), were independent prognostic factors for PFS.
Conclusions
In addition to classic clinico-pathological factors, the quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters can be used for dynamic risk stratification for progression in RAI-R DTC patients. Furthermore, extra-thyroidal extension of the primary tumor, distant metastases, and tMTV > 1240 ml are independent prognosticators for PFS.
Exposure and Survival of Wild Raptors During the 2022-2023 Highly Pathogenic Influenza A Virus Outbreak
Authors: Rayment Kelsey M. , Franzen-Klein Dana , Kurimo-Beechuk Elizabeth , Poulson Rebecca L. , Brown Justin , Mendoza Kristelle , Etterson Matthew , Nicoletti Frank , Cardona Carol , Stallknecht David E. , Hall Victoria 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The global outbreak of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza A virus (HP H5N1) has had an unprecedented impact on wild birds including raptors, but long-term population impacts have not been addressed. To determine if raptors survive infections with HP H5N1, raptors from the upper Midwest United States were serologically tested for antibodies to influenza A virus (IAV), H5 and N1. Raptors were sampled at The Raptor Center’s (University of Minnesota) wildlife rehabilitation hospital and at Hawk Ridge Bird Observatory. Samples were tested for IAV antibodies using a commercially available blocking ELISA, with positive samples tested for antibodies to H5 and N1. Antibodies to IAV were detected in 86 individuals representing 7 species. Antibodies to H5 and N1 were detected in 60 individuals representing 6 species. Bald eagles had the highest seroprevalence with 67/97 (69.1%) seropositive for IAV and 52 of these 67 (77.6%) testing positive for antibodies to both H5 and N1. Prevalence of antibodies to IAV observed in this study was higher than reported from raptors sampled in this same region in 2012. The high prevalence of antibodies to H5 and N1 indicates a higher survival rate post-HP H5N1 infection in raptors than previously believed.
Stent-assisted coil embolization of ruptured vertebral artery dissected aneurysm with severe stenosis of bilateral vertebral artery V4 segment by the Transmountain technique: a case report and review of the literatures
Authors: Hao Guangzhi , Zhang Zijun , Han Yuwei , Huan Yu , Dong Yushu , Zhao Haiyang , Liang Guobiao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A 46-year-old woman presented with acute head and neck pain for 10 hours. Head CT showed subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) identified a ruptured dissected aneurysm of the right vertebral artery with severe artery stenosis. Moreover, an unruptured dissecting aneurysm and severe vascular stenosis were also found in the left vertebral artery. How to deal with ruptured bleeding aneurysm and prophylactically deal with contralateral unruptured dissecting aneurysm and the stenosis of the vertebral artery has become a thorny problem. By adopting the Transmountain technique, we used a single Enterprise-2 stent to cover the neck of the right ruptured vertebral artery dissection aneurysm and the severe stenosis of the distal vessel, while bypassing the vertebrobasilar artery junction to continue covering the severe stenosis and the unruptured dilated dissection of the contralateral vertebral artery. This new stent-assisted approach may provide a reference for clinicians in the treatment of complex dissection aneurysms.
Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Clearance Patterns in the respiratory tract of lung transplant recipients: a single-center prospective observational study
Authors: Liang Qiqiang , Zheng Xiangxin , Li Xiaoxia , Chen Juan , Mai Shixiong , Ding Shuo , Xu Zhijiang , Huang Man 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The regularity of colonization duration of respiratory carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB) for lung transplant patients has been less studied.
Objectives
to find the role of colonization duration with CRGNB one year after lung transplantation.
Methods
This single-center prospective observational study focused on patients discharged from the hospital after lung transplantation from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture was performed to determine whether CRGNB were present at each visit. Clinical data were collected to assess the carriage status and survival rate of patients with CRGNB carriage.
Results
The total number of patients who completed the final follow-up was 174 with 74 patients being CRGNB carriers and 102 patients without CRGNB carriage. CRGNB carriage has significantly more complications during follow-up than the control group, including viral infection, fungal infection, anastomotic complications, etc., which increases the incidence of CRGNB infection during follow-up and leads to a higher 1-year mortality rate. There are 69 (93.2%) patients who turned negative for CRGNB carriage during the one year. The trend rate of CRGNB clearance is fast at first 3 months and the clearance rate in 3 months is 45.9%. There are obvious differences in clearance rates between different bacteria, with the slowest of CRKP.
Conclusion
Respiratory CRGNB clearance can be achieved 1 year after discharge for lung transplant recipient. Respiratory CRGNB carriage after discharge have higher rates of infection and one-year mortality.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Alkali- Pretreated Parthenium hysterophorus with Adsorption Kinetic Studies
Authors: Gautam Divya , Walia Yogesh Kumar , Rana Vishal 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from Parthenium hysterophorus biomass through acid hydrolysis. Nanocellulose, a versatile nanomaterial sourced from renewable biomass, exhibits exceptional properties suitable for various applications. Acid hydrolysis of cellulose extracted from Parthenium resulted in a significant increase in crystallinity, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), with the nanocellulose exhibiting a crystallinity index of 77%. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that acid hydrolysis resulted in the alteration of the fibrous and coiled structure of cellulose, resulting in the formation of spherical CNCs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of CNC revealed an average diameter of approximately 36-79 nm, demonstrating the impact of acid hydrolysis on morphology. Further characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the preservation of cellulose chemical structure, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed improved thermal stability of the nanocellulose compared to raw biomass post-processing. Zeta potential analysis highlighted strong colloidal stability with a highly negative surface charge (-28.9 ± 6.18 mV), essential for applications requiring dispersion stability. In adsorption studies, the synthesized nanocellulose effectively removed 75% of MG dye from aqueous solutions at room temperature, following pseudo 2nd order kinetics. This research underscores the potential of Parthenium-derived nanocellulose in sustainable materials applications, leveraging invasive weed biomass for eco-friendly nanomaterial production. The findings contribute to advancing sustainable materials research by demonstrating the utility of Parthenium biomass for value-added nanomaterial production, specifically highlighting the enhanced properties and effective adsorption capabilities of the synthesized nanocellulose.
Chatting with Pythons: using ChatGPT and Python computer code to screen abstracts for systematic literature reviews in complex disciplines
Authors: Mudd Alexandra , Conroy Tiffany , Voldbjerg Siri , Goldschmied Anita , Schuwirth Lambert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Literature reviews are essential to scientific research; but abstract screening is time intensive, subject to human error and is a non-creative task, arguably impeding research development. Publicly available generative AI is revolutionising human activity creating new opportunities alongside new challenges for academic research. Studies have illustrated the power of AI in abstract screening for discrete exact science projects. However, individual researchers or small research teams, may lack the skills to independently use AI tools in a systematic, reproducible, transparent, and expandable manner. Also, AI’s capabilities to explore complex human activity is unclear. Here we demonstrate ChatGPT’s abilities to screen abstracts examining complex problems intersecting education, language, and human activity, in a manner that is systematic, reproducible, and transparent. We further demonstrate how coding-naïve researchers can use publicly available education in AI prompt engineering and Python computer coding using ChatGPT as a knowledgeable companion alongside assistance from interdisciplinary colleagues to use ChatGPT effectively. The result is an efficient first-line screening tool for academic researchers. We share our publicly available Python computer coding script with interdisciplinary colleagues to facilitate their exploration with AI as a screening tool.
The changes of hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio in patients after blood transfusion
Authors: Gao Li , Chen Keda , Lu Genjie , Yu Qilin , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (HRR) is a newly proposed composite parameter for the prognosis evaluation of tumor patients in recent years. Since hemoglobin (Hb) and Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) are significantly affected by the transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells, in order to explore the impact of blood transfusion on HRR, we retrospectively analyzed all patients who applied for one bag (1.5U) of leukocyte-reduced suspended red blood cells during their admission in Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital from January 2023 to December 2023. Observe the changes of HRR before blood transfusion (T0), 1 day after blood transfusion (T1), 7 days after blood transfusion (T2), 15 days after blood transfusion (T3), and 30 days after blood transfusion (T4). The study found that Hb and HRR continued to increase after blood transfusion until they reached the maximum at T4, and RDW also increased immediately after blood transfusion and reached the peak at T3. In the multivariate analysis of HRR, it was discovered that tumor was an influencing factor of HRR(T0). After blood transfusion, the influencing factor of HRR at T1 and T2 were Hb (T0) and RDW (T0), and at T3 and T4, they were Hb (T0), RDW (T0), and Fe. Overall, the HRR value increased significantly after blood transfusion and reached the maximum at 30 days after blood transfusion. The influencing factors of HRR after blood transfusion were mainly HB (T0) and RDW (T0).
Prediction of Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces with an Automatic Segmentation Deep Learning Model in Peripheral Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Cong , Wang Yu-feng , Gong Ping , Xue Xiu-Qing , Zhao Hong-Ying , Qian Hui , Jia Chao , Li Xiao-Feng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical applicability of deep learning (DL) models based on automatic segmentation in preoperatively predicting tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) in peripheral stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for lung tumors from January 2022 to December 2023. An external validation set was introduced to assess the model's generalizability. The study utilized conventional radiomic features and DL models for comparison. ROI segmentation was performed using the VNet architecture, and DL models were developed with transfer learning and optimization techniques. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of our models via calibration curves, decision curve analysis, and ROC curves.
Results: The DL model based on automatic segmentation achieved an AUC of 0.880 (95% CI 0.780-0.979), outperforming the conventional radiomics model with an AUC of 0.833 (95% CI 0.707-0.960). The DL model demonstrated superior performance in both internal validation and external testing cohorts. Calibration curves, decision curve analysis, and ROC curves confirmed the enhanced diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of the DL approach.
Conclusion: The DL model based on automatic segmentation technology shows significant promise in preoperatively predicting STAS in peripheral stage I LUAD, surpassing traditional radiomics models in diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability.
Are viral loads in the febrile phase a predictive factor of dengue disease severity?
Authors: Dayarathna Shashika , Kuruppu Heshan , Silva Tehani , Gomes Laksiri , Shyamali N. L. Ajantha , Jeewandara Chandima , Ariyaratne Dinuka , Ramu Shyrar Tanussiya , Wijewickrama Ananda , Ogg Graham S. , Malavige Gathsaurie Neelika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: As many studies have shown conflicting results regarding the extent of viraemia and clinical disease severity, we sought to investigate if viraemia during early dengue illness is associated with subsequent clinical disease severity.
Methods: Realtime PCR was carried out to identify the dengue virus (DENV serotype), in 362 patients, presenting within the first 4 days of illness, from 2017 to 2022, in Colombo Sri Lanka. To characterize subsequent clinical disease severity, all patients were followed throughout their illness daily and disease severity classified according to WHO 1997 and 2009 disease classification.
Results: 263 patients had DF, 99 progressed to develop DHF, and 15/99 with DHF developed shock (DSS). Although the viral loads were higher in the febrile phase in patients who progressed to develop DHF than in patients with DF this was not significant (p=0.5). Significant differences were observed in viral loads in patients infected with different DENV serotypes (p=0.0009), with lowest viral loads detected in DENV2 and the highest viral loads in DENV3. Sub-analysis for association of viraemia with disease severity for each DENV serotyped was again not significant. Although those infected with DENV2 had lower viral loads, infection with DENV2 was significantly associated with a higher risk of developing DHF (p=0.011, Odds ratio 1.9; 95% CI 1.164 to 3.078). Based on the WHO 2009 disease classification, 233 had dengue with warning signs (DWW), 114 dengue without warning signs (DWoWS), and 15 had severe dengue (SD). No significant difference was observed in the viral loads between those with SD, DWW and DWoWS (p=0.27).
Conclusions: Viral loads were significantly different in the febrile phase between different DENV serotypes, and do not appear to significantly associate with subsequent clinical disease severity in a large Sri Lankan cohort.
Optimized Design and Economical Analysis of Eco-Sponge water-logging Prevention System for Converter Stations
Authors: Wan Zhengdong , WU Liangzheng , Huang Yan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Converter station has the characteristics of high portion of hardening area, less green area and more high-voltage special equipment and facilities. An efficient coordination between water-logging prevention in the converter station area and environmental pollutants control is of great difficulty for design. So it is necessary to carry out sponge transformation in the converter station and set up ecological storage facilities. Based on the underlying surface condition and rainfall data of a large converter station park, multiple combined LID (Low Impact Development) facilities, such as permeable pavement and sunken green space, were constructed in the station area. In addition, the inundation area caused by runoff will create a natural anoxic area, combined with the aerobic area on the surface of the facility, the denitrification and nitrogen removal capacity of the system will be enhanced, effectively removing nitrogen pollution in runoff, and strengthening the nitrogen removal effect of conditional stormwater runoff. SWMM model is used to calculate the total runoff control rate and the pollutant reduction rate of drainage outlet. According to the simulation results, the stormwater management ability of the sponge reconstruction measures was assessed, and the economic benefit of the qualified reconstruction schemes was evaluated by AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process).
Multi-parametric MRI-based Peritumoral Radiomics for Stage IIA and IIB Classification of Cervical Cancer：A Multicenter Study
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Weixiao , Chen Yulian , Wang Fei , Liang Xiaoyun , Zhang Xiao , Fang Jin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study is to establish a multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)-based peritumoral radiomics nomogram for preoperatively predicting IIA and IIB classification of cervical Cancer preoperatively.
Methods: 208 patients with histologically confirmed cervical cancer from three institutions were enrolled in this study. All the cases were randomly divided into the training cohort (n=145) and the validation cohort (n=63). The performance of the nomogram was assessed with respect to its calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness. The independent-sample t test and the Chi-squared test were conducted to assess the significance of clinical factors between the training cohort and the validation cohort. The Pearson correlation coefficient analysis and recursive feature elimination algorithm were adopted successively to obtain the well-representative features. Different classifiers were compared to develop the optimal radiomics signature across 5-fold cross validation. The calibration curves and decision curve analysis were conducted to evaluate the clinical utility of the optimal model. The radiomics model was constructed using logistic regression.
Results: The peritumoral radiomics models were superior to the intratumoral radiomics models, regardless of single sequence model or fusion model (all P <0.001*). DWI-based peritumoral radiomics model performed best with the AUCs of 0.975 (0.965−0.983) and 0.899 (0.880−0.916) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. There was no significant difference between the validation AUCs of DWI-based and fusion peritumoral radiomics model (0.899 vs. 0.895, P=0.566). In addition, 3 pixel peritumoral regions of radiomic signatures have a much better discrimination performance in distinguishing IIA and IIB stage by comparing the 2,4,5 pixels extension surrounding the tumor.
Conclusion: MRI-based radiomics model from peritumoral regions of cervical cancer outperformed radiologists for the preoperative diagnosis of IIA and IIB stage, which could provide a noninvasive and reliable way of individualized treatment plans for patients with cervical cancer.
Frailty and long-term outcomes in patients admitted to intensive care after surgery: a retrospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Ueno Ryo , Chan Rachel , Ling Ryan Ruiyang , Slack Ryan , Lussier Sandra , Jones Daryl , Pilcher David , Subramaniam Ashwin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
As the global population ages and older patients undergo surgery, understanding the association between frailty and post-operative outcomes is crucial to informed decision-making and patient care. There is a lack of research assessing the association between frailty and long-term outcomes in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) post-operatively.
Methods
We conducted a multicentre retrospective cohort study using Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database, linked with the Australian National Death Index. Adults aged ≥ 16 years admitted to the 175 ICUs in Australia between January 1st, 2018, and March 31st, 2022, following surgery were included. Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and patients with CFS ≥ 5 were considered frail. The primary outcome was survival time up to four years after ICU admission. Mixed-effects Cox regression models were used for adjusted analyses.
Results
Of 222,509 patients included, 14.1% were frail. Patients with frailty had shorter overall survival time (median: 16 vs 21 months) and lower survival rates at one, two, three, and four years compared to patients without frailty. After adjusting for confounders, frailty was associated with a shorter time to death (HR: 2.30, 95%-CI: 2.24–2.37). This association was consistent across sensitivity analyses and subgroups, including elective vs. emergency surgery, age groups, and various surgical categories. The association was more pronounced in younger patients (< 65 years), those undergoing elective surgery, and patients without treatment limitations.
Conclusions
In this multicentre study, frailty was associated with worse long-term outcomes amongst post-operative ICU patients. The trend was concordant across all subgroups.