bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of short‐term treatment of some cereal grains with atmospheric pressure Ar–O2 and Ar–air plasma
Authors: Martinovs Andris , Martinovs Andris , Rēvalde Gita , Dombrovska Diāna , Koļčs Guntis , Tretjakova Rasma , Zaicevs Edgars 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA study of the grain surface structure and seedling development of wheat, barley, oats, and rye depending on short‐term treatment of their grains in Ar–O2 and Ar–air cold plasma and post‐discharge with a perspective of implementation of the method on an industrial scale is presented. Following parameters are monitored: chemical composition of plasma, grain surface roughness, germination rate, seed germination, length of seedlings, dry mass of stems and roots, as well as vigor index II. The results show that even an 8.7‐s‐long treatment of grains in postdischarge can improve the root system of seedlings, increasing its mass up to 16.2% (barley), 15.6% (rye), and 14.3% (wheat) within the first 10 days after sowing.
Vacuum‐ultraviolet‐photoionization chamber for the investigation of ion‐based surface treatment and thin film deposition at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Sgonina Kerstin , Schulze Christian , Quack Alexander , Benedikt Jan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe vacuum‐ultraviolet‐photoionization chamber was constructed to allow controlled ion generation and well‐defined surface treatment with these ions at atmospheric pressure. It utilizes atmospheric helium plasma as a photon source and separates the ion generation from the plasma by an aerodynamic window. The ions are guided to the grounded substrate by a weak electric field, while the diffusive transport of neutrals is reduced by a helium gas flow along the substrate. Ionic species and the absolute ion flux were determined in the substrate region. Ion‐based thin film deposition using a precursor was investigated as a model process. The proposed system enables future investigation of e.g. the isolated interaction of ions with biological substrates.
Plasma jet printing of silver patterns on flexible substrates: Conductive properties and control mechanism
Authors: Xue Jiaqing , Yu Deping , Zhao Yingxin , Yue Xufeng , Cai Jianing , Zhang Peng , Peng Keming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlasma jet printing, which does not require preprocessing and postprocessing, is a promising technology for manufacturing flexible electronics. The conductive properties should be confirmed to ensure the performance of the flexible electronics. In this study, the conductive properties and control mechanism of plasma jet‐printed silver patterns were investigated. Analyses show that high‐energy particles in the plasma decomposed organic solvents and induced the interconnection between silver nanoparticles. The plasma jet‐printed silver patterns had high uniformity in vertical spatial distribution. The dense packing of the silver patterns was achieved by increasing the number of printed layers, reducing the print speed, and increasing the focusing ratio. Oxidation of the silver nanoparticles was reduced and the conductivity was improved by increasing the focusing ratio.
Role of body mass index in unbalanced (dysanaptic) lung growth of healthy infants
Authors: Sanchez‐Solis Manuel , Forno Erick , Morales Eva , Garcia‐Marcos Luis ,   The NELA Study Group
Published: July 2024

AbstractRationaleImbalance between forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (dysanapsis) has been reported in children who are obese. This dysanaptic growth might begin at an early age, although there are no data on children younger than 6 years.ObjetivesTo assess whether body mass index (BMI) and early weight gain, in healthy infants born at term, plays a significant role in the imbalance between FEV1 and FVC, even in the absence of obesity.MethodsLung function was measured by means of raised volume rapid thoracic compression in 69 healthy infants born at term from the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma cohort. Dysanapsis was defined as zFVC >0.674, zFEV0.5 ≥−1.645, and FEV0.5/FVC ≤−1.645. Weight gain (g/day) and growth rate (cm/year) were calculated as the difference between weight and length on the test date and those at birth. To assess the relationship between zBMI and dysanapsis, a receiver operating characteristic curve was performed. Multivariable analysis was carried out by means of linear regressions (one for each lung function index) and by logistic regression for dysanapsis (yes/no).ResultsHigher zBMI was associated with risk of dysanapsis (odds ratio: 3.53, [95% confidence interval: 1.30; 9.66]; p = .014): Each additional zBMI unit was associated with ~10 mL higher FVC and with ~3.5% lower FEV0.5/FVC. Weight gain was associated with lower FEV0.5/FVC ratio.ConclusionDysanaptic development of lung function begins very early in infancy and is related with weight gain and body mass index, even in the absence of obesity.
Front Cover Image
Authors: Wang Duo , Zhang Xiaojing , Li Hongxia , Wang Ting , Ma Xiaojin , Yu Zhijun , Wang Fang , Zhang Yankai , Liu Jingze 
Published: July 2024

The cover image is based on the Research Article Iron regulatory protein from the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis: characterization, function and assessment as a protective antigen by Duo Wang et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8095.image
Back Cover Image
Authors: Yu Hongxiao , Li Yunqi , Wang Hong , Zhang Lei , Suo Penghui , Su Tianyun , Han Qian 
Published: July 2024

The cover image is based on the Research Article Preparation of a long-lasting tablet of spinosad microspheres and its residual insecticidal efficacy against the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae by Hongxiao Yu et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8094.image
Condition‐based maintenance management for two‐stage continuous deterioration with two‐dimensional inspection errors
Authors: Wang Jiantai , Ma Xiaobing , Gao Kaiye , Zhao Yu , Yang Li 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInspections often perform imperfect outcomes during maintenance processes owing to human errors, management issues and other limitations. In particular, such imperfection affects the maintenance management of multistage deterioration significantly due to both false state identification and measurement errors, whose quantitative analysis, however, is seldom reported in the literature. To fill these gaps, this paper devises a condition‐based maintenance management strategy oriented to two‐stage continuous degradation under two‐dimensional inspection imperfection. Specifically, a threshold‐based replacement is executed under the normal‐working state if the detected degradation value exceeds the preset limit; additionally, preventive replacement is immediately performed once the defective state is identified. Notably, the detection outcome rather than the actual working condition decides how preventive maintenance operates. The long‐run cost rate is minimized via the optimization of the inspection cycle and replacement limit. Besides, numerical experiments conducted on train bogie bearing are provided, showing substantial superiorities over cost‐effectiveness promotion and performance improvement.
Cell Membrane Engineered Polypeptide Nanonets Mimicking Macrophage Aggregates for Enhanced Antibacterial Treatment
Authors: Xiao Jiang , Song Zhongquan , Liu Tengfei , Guo Zengchao , Liu Xiaohui , Jiang Hui , Wang Xuemei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDrug‐resistant bacterial infections and their lipopolysaccharide‐related inflammatory complications continue to pose significant challenges in traditional treatments. Inspired by the rapid initiation of resident macrophages to form aggregates for efficient antibacterial action, this study proposes a multifunctional and enhanced antibacterial strategy through the construction of novel biomimetic cell membrane polypeptide nanonets (R‐DPB‐TA‐Ce). The design involves the fusion of end‐terminal lipidated polypeptides containing side‐chain cationic boronic acid groups (DNPLBA) with cell membrane intercalation engineering (R‐DPB), followed by coordination with the tannic acid‐cerium complex (TA‐Ce) to assemble into a biomimetic nanonet through boronic acid‐polyphenol‐metal ion interactions. In addition to the ability of RAW 264.7 macrophages cell membrane components' (R) ability to neutralize lipopolysaccharide (LPS), R‐DPB‐TA‐Ce demonstrated enhanced capture of bacteria and its LPS, leveraging nanoconfinement‐enhanced multiple interactions based on the boronic acid–polyphenol nanonets skeleton combined with polysaccharide. Utilizing these advantages, indocyanine green (ICG) is further employed as a model drug for delivery, showcasing the exceptional treatment effect of R‐DPB‐TA‐Ce as a new biomimetic assembled drug delivery system in antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and wound healing promotion. Thus, this strategy of mimicking macrophage aggregates is anticipated to be further applicable to various types of cell membrane engineering for enhanced antibacterial treatment.
Monoammonium Modified Dion‐Jacobson Quasi‐2D Perovskite for High Efficiency Pure‐Blue Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hu Jiazheng , Li Jing , Lu Guochao , Zhang Dingshuo , Cai Qiuting , Wang Xinyang , Fang Zhishan , Zhang Haoran , Long Zaishang , Pan Jun , Dai Xingliang , Ye Zhizhen , He Haiping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractQuasi‐2D perovskites exhibit impressive optoelectronic properties and hold significant promise for future light‐emitting devices. However, the efficiency of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) is seriously limited by defect‐induced nonradiative recombination and imbalanced charge injection. Here, the defect states are passivated and charge injection balance is effectively improved by introducing the additive cyclohexanemethylammonium (CHMA) to bromide‐based Dion‐Jacobson (D‐J) structure quasi‐2D perovskite emission layer. CHMA participates in the crystallization of perovskite, leading to high quality film composed of compact and well‐contacted grains with enhanced hole transportation and less defects. As a result, the corresponding PeLEDs exhibit stable pure blue emission at 466 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 9.22%. According to current knowledge, this represents the highest EQE reported for pure‐blue PeLEDs based on quasi‐2D bromide perovskite thin films. These findings underscore the potential of quasi‐2D perovskites for advanced light‐emitting devices and pave the way for further advancements in PeLEDs.
A Self‐Cascade Oxygen‐Generating Nanomedicine for Multimodal Tumor Therapy
Authors: Zhao Jingyuan , Sun Qi , Mo Dongze , Feng Jiayuan , Wang Yuting , Li Tong , Zhang Yihong , Wei Hui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNatural and artificial enzyme oxygen‐generating systems for photodynamic therapy (PDT) are developed for tumor treatment, yet they have fallen short of the desired efficacy. Moreover, both the enzymes and photosensitizers usually need carriers for efficient delivery to tumor sites. Here, a self‐cascade‐enhanced multimodal tumor therapy is developed by ingeniously integrating self‐cascade‐enhanced PDT with Zn2+‐overloading therapy. Manganese‐porphyrin (TCPP‐Mn) is chosen both as the photosensitizer and catalase (CAT) mimic, which can be encapsulated within glucose oxidase (GOx). Acid‐responsive zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) is applied as the carrier for TCPP‐Mn@GOx (T@G), attaining TCPP‐Mn@GOx@ZIF‐8 (T@G@Z). T@G@Z demonstrates robust anti‐tumor ability as follows: upon the structural degradation of ZIF‐8, GOx can mediate the oxidation of glucose and generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); TCPP‐Mn can catalyze H2O2 into O2 for self‐cascade‐enhanced PDT; meanwhile, the released Zn2+ can enhance oxidative stress and induce mitochondrial dysfunction by destroying mitochondrial membrane potential; furthermore, immunotherapy can be activated to resist primary tumor and tumor metastasis. The self‐cascade‐enhanced T@G@Z exhibited its potential application for further tumor management.
Drop to Gate Nasal Drops Attenuates Sepsis‐Induced Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Zhuang Yaping , Du Xiyu , Yang Li , Jiang Zhaoshun , Yu Buwei , Gu Weidong , Cui Wenguo , Lu Han 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNasal administration can bypass the blood‐brain barrier and directly deliver drugs to the brain, providing a non‐invasive route for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Inspired by the appearance that a gate can block the outside world and the characteristics of the sol–gel transition can form a “gate” in the nasal cavity, a Drop to Gate nasal drop (DGND) is designed to set a gate in nose, which achieves protecting role from the influence of nasal environment. The DGND demonstrates the efficiency and application prospect of delivering drugs to the brain through the N‐to‐B. The effective concentration of single administration is increased through the hydrophobic interaction between C8‐GelMA and SRT1720 (SA), and then cross‐linked under UV to form nanogel, which can respond to MMP in the inflammatory microenvironment of sepsis‐induced cognitive dysfunction. Finally, the SA/nanogel is compounded into the thermogel, which can respond to the nasal cavity temperature to form DGND in situ, increasing the residence time and delivery efficiency of drugs in the nasal cavity. In vitro, the DGND alleviates lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced BV2 inflammation. In vivo, DGND effectively targets the nasal mucosa and deliver drugs to the brain, which activate Sirt1 to alleviate inflammation mediated by microglia and improve cognitive dysfunction in sepsis mice.
Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells with the Highly Crystalline Third Component as a Morphology Regulator
Authors: Sun Shixiu , Tan Cuilin , Zhang Zijian , Zhou Hang , Xu Wenjing , Xu Yujie , Du Xiaoyan , Jeong Sang Young , Woo Han Young , Zhang Fujun , Zhang Chao , Sun Qianqian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe morphology of the active layer is crucial for highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs), which can be regulated by selecting a rational third component. In this work, the highly crystalline nonfullerene acceptor BTP‐eC9 is selected as the morphology regulator in OSCs with PM6:BTP‐BO‐4Cl as the main system. The addition of BTP‐eC9 can prolong the nucleation and crystallization progress of acceptor and donor molecules, thereby enhancing the order of molecular arrangement. Meanwhile, the nucleation and crystallization time of the donor is earlier than that of the acceptors after introducing BTP‐eC9, which is beneficial for obtaining a better vertical structural phase separation. The exciton dissociation, charge transport, and charge collection are promoted effectively by the optimized morphology of the active layer, which improves the short‐circuit current density and filling factor. After introducing BTP‐eC9, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the ternary OSCs are improved from 17.31% to 18.15%. The PCE is further improved to 18.39% by introducing gold nanopyramid (Au NBPs) into the hole transport layer to improve photon utilization efficiency. This work indicates that the morphology can be optimized by selecting a highly crystalline third component to regulate the nucleation and crystallization progress of the acceptor and donor molecules.
Object Constraint Language based test case optimization with modified Average Percentage of Fault Detection metric
Authors: Jin Kunxiang , Lano Kevin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTesting is one of the most time‐consuming and unpredictable processes within the software development life cycle. As a result, many test case optimization (TCO) techniques have been proposed to make this process more scalable. Object Constraint Language (OCL) was initially introduced as a constraint language to provide additional details to Unified Modeling Language models. However, as OCL continues to evolve, an increasing number of systems are being expressed by this language. Despite this growth, a noticeable research gap exists for the testing of systems whose specifications are expressed in OCL. In our previous work, we verified the effectiveness and efficiency of performing the test case prioritization (TCP) process for these systems. In this study, we extend our previous work by integrating the test case minimization (TCM) process to determine whether TCM can also benefit the testing process under the context of OCL. The evaluation of TCO approaches often relies on well‐established metrics such as the average percentage of fault detection (APFD). However, the suitability of APFD for model‐based testing (MBT) is not ideal. This paper addresses this limitation by proposing a modification to the APFD metric to enhance its viability for MBT scenarios. We conducted four case studies to evaluate the feasibility of integrating the TCM and TCP processes into our proposed approach. In these studies, we applied the multi‐objective optimization algorithm NSGA‐II and the genetic algorithm independently to the TCM and TCP processes. The objective was to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of combining TCM and TCP in enhancing the testing phase. Through experimental analysis, the results highlight the benefits of integrating TCM and TCP in the context of OCL‐based testing, providing valuable insights for practitioners and researchers aiming to optimize their testing efforts. Specifically, the main contributions of this work include the following: (1) we introduce the integration of the TCM process into the TCO process for systems expressed by OCL. This integration benefits the testing process further by reducing redundant test cases while ensuring sufficient coverage. (2) We comprehensively analyze the limitations associated with the commonly used metric, APFD, and then, a modified version of the APFD metric has been proposed to overcome these weaknesses. (3). We systematically evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of OCL‐based TCO processes on four real‐world case studies with different complexities.
OrganogenesisDB: A Comprehensive Database Exploring the Cell‐Type Identities and Gene Expression Dynamics during Organogenesis
Authors: Zhang Xinshuai , Ma Jiacheng , Li Hongchao , Zhai Yuanjun , He Fuchu , Wang Xiaowen , Li Yang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOrganogenesis, the phase of embryonic development that starts at the end of gastrulation and continues until birth is the critical process for understanding cellular differentiation and maturation during organ development. The rapid development of single‐cell transcriptomics technology has led to many novel discoveries in understanding organogenesis while also accumulating a large quantity of data. To fill this gap, OrganogenesisDB (http://organogenesisdb.com/), which is a comprehensive database dedicated to exploring cell‐type identification and gene expression dynamics during organogenesis, is developed. OrganogenesisDB contains single‐cell RNA sequencing data for more than 1.4 million cells from 49 published datasets spanning various developmental stages. Additionally, 3324 cell markers are manually curated for 1120 cell types across 9 human organs and 4 mouse organs. OrganogenesisDB leverages various analysis tools to assist users in annotating and understanding cell types at different developmental stages and helps in mining and presenting genes that exhibit specific patterns and play key regulatory roles during cell maturation and differentiation. This work provides a critical resource and useful tool for deciphering cell lineage determination and uncovering the mechanisms underlying organogenesis.
Field efficacy of a novel porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome modified‐live virus vaccine with an emphasis on growth performance
Authors: Ham Sehyeong , Lee Hyunjoon , Suh Jeongmin , Kim Chonghan , Kwon Woo Ju , Park Gyeong‐Seo , Chae Chanhee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis field evaluation was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a new porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus‐2 (PRRSV‐2) modified live virus vaccine at three independent pig farms.MethodsThree farms were selected for this study based on their respiratory disease status caused by PRRSV‐2 infection in post‐weaning and growing pigs. Each farm housed a total of 40, 18‐day‐old pigs that were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups. Pigs were administered a 1.0 mL dose of the bivalent vaccine intramuscularly at 21 days of age in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, whereas unvaccinated pigs were administered a single dose of phosphate buffered saline at the same age.ResultsVaccinated groups were measured and calculated significantly (p < 0.05) higher in body weight and average daily weight gain on all three farms compared with unvaccinated groups. Vaccinated groups elicited PRRS antibodies and PRRSV‐2‐specific interferon‐γ secreting cells, which reduced the amount of PRRSV‐2 genomic copies in the blood and reduced macroscopic and microscopic lung lesions severity when compared with unvaccinated groups.ConclusionsThe field evaluation data demonstrated that a new PRRSV‐2 modified live virus vaccine was efficacious in swine herds suffering from respiratory diseases caused by PRRSV‐2 infection.
Struvite in circular economy: Production techniques, emerging applications and market opportunities
Authors: Chandrasekaran Sivaraman , Zaffar Alisha , Balasubramanian Paramasivan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStruvite precipitation is an efficient approach to recover phosphorus and ammonium from wastewater to alleviate many operational as well as environmental issues. The sparingly soluble nature of struvite in water makes it a potential slow‐release fertilizer whose adequacy has been investigated in various soil‐based cultivation. However, struvite has diverse applications other than field usage which are yet to be explored. The review highlights the usage of struvite as a fertilizer in soil along with its other applications as a nutrient supplier in hydroponic systems, fire retardants, and sorbent for the adsorption of heavy metals, dye, and gases. The research gaps between the lab and the application of the struvite products in the market for its proper utilization have also been reported. Thus, struvite produced from wastewater can be a promising green chemistry that could replace many costly, synthetic, and harmful products, while conserving phosphorous resource at the same time.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Environment > Circular Economy
Emerging Technologies > Materials
Sustainable Development > Goals
Monitoring the world‐oldest zoo‐housed male giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca): A case‐study on pathway utilization
Authors: Tan Iris Ziying , Matrai Eszter , Martelli Paolo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHabitat use monitoring is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the biological and psychological requirements of animals under human care, facilitating improved exhibit designs and promoting animal welfare. Current studies focused on the space use of the exhibit while limited studies examined the pathway use of the zoo‐housed animals. This study aimed to investigate the habitat use of An An, the world‐oldest male giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) at Ocean Park Hong Kong using a pathway utilization monitoring method. The result showed uneven utilization of pathways favoring the upper area near his den over the lower area which required longer walking in the hilly exhibit. Moreover, the comparisons of walking directions showed a preference for gentle slopes during uphill movement and a favor for steep slopes during downhill movement. Our study also compared the walking distance between uphill and downhill movements and the results showed that An An walked longer distances heading upward than moving downward due to his choice of pathways. Our results are in line with the findings in the wild population, showing a preference for gentle slopes, especially in uphill movement. Our study demonstrated the value of the pathway monitoring technique. Due to its easy and time‐effective use, this technique can be incorporated into the care teams' operation, providing valuable information on daily activity (e.g. accessing the walking ability of the aged animals by investigating the pathway use and walking distance) and habitat use. Consequently, the pathway monitoring technique can help improve exhibit designs promoting welfare.