bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide Production and Sequestration in a Gas Field
Authors: Aschehoug M.. , Kabir C.S.. S. 
Published: March 2013

Summary
The production of a substantial fraction of carbon dioxide (CO2) in any hydrocarbon-gas stream poses a significant challenge in terms of separation and sequestration. Both environmental concerns and economic incentives encourage the operators to search for safe, cost-effective ways of disposing of CO2.
This paper presents a case study in which a pragmatic solution of CO2 separation at surface and its disposal in a saline aquifer occur in close proximity to its source. A suite of both modern and classical analytical tools is used to understand the production behavior of individual wells. This understanding is imperative because production volume is dictated by the ability to dispose of the associated CO2 volumes to honor the fault-activation pressure limit. The analytical tool kit—transient-productivity index (PI), combined static and dynamic material-balance (MB) methods, and rate-transient analysis (RTA), among others—allowed for the rapid assessment of both the producing gas reservoir and the saline aquifer receiving the CO2 stream.
The use of real-time data allowed a comprehensive assessment of in-place volumes for the source gas and the capacity of the aquifer. The injection of supercritical CO2 suggests that the terminal aquifer pressure has been reached by encountering less-than-expected storage volume and by the lowering of fracture-pressure gradient. On-time learning has allowed the asset team to search for alternative CO2-disposal solutions to ensure continuous gas production from this field.
Preface by the Editor
Authors: Szallasi Arpad 
Published: March 2013

With over 600 reviews, Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels arguably represent today’s most extensively reviewed pharmacological targets. The literature on TRP channels is vast and still growing: it has exploded from a mere 21 papers in 1995 to over 2,000 in the past two years. In the past fifteen years, the field had shown spectacular progress. From the cloning of the vanilloid (capsaicin) recep a novel class of analgesic agents.tor TRPV1 in 1997 it has taken only a decade for the first small molecule TRPV1 antagonists to enter clinical trials as
So why to add another review collection to this already overwhelming body of literature? First, new therapeutic tar-gets are emerging (e.g. TRPA1 and TRPV3) that look even more promising than TRPV1. Second, even the most studied TRP channel, TRPV1, continues to surprise. One might ar-gue that we are still at the beginning of the long and arduous road to obtain clinically useful analgesic drugs targeting TRP channels. It remains to be discovered if TRP channels are really Targets for Pain Relief, but it has already been clear that Bernd Nilius was right in calling TRP channels “Truly
Remarkable Proteins.”
Reconstruction of the equation of state for the cyclic universes in homogeneous and isotropic cosmology
Authors: Bamba Kazuharu , Yesmakhanova Kuralay , Yerzhanov Koblandy , Myrzakulov Ratbay 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
We study the cosmological evolutions of the equation of state (EoS) for the universe in the homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) space-time. In particular, we reconstruct the cyclic universes by using the Weierstrass and Jacobian elliptic functions. It is explicitly illustrated that in several models the universe always stays in the non-phantom (quintessence) phase, whereas there also exist models in which the crossing of the phantom divide can be realized in the reconstructed cyclic universes.
Investigation of turbulent flow field in a Kenics static mixer by Laser Doppler Anemometry
Authors: Murasiewicz Halina , Jaworski Zdzislaw 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe main purpose of the present paper was to apply the Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) technique to measure turbulent liquid flow in a Kenics static mixer. The LDA set-up was a one-channel backscatter system with argon-ion laser. Measurements in the static mixer were carried out for three values of the Reynolds number: 5000, 10000, and 18000. Water was used as the process liquid. Values of the axial and tangential components of the local, mean, and root mean square velocities were measured inside the static mixer. It was observed that the shape of the velocity profile depends strongly on the Reynolds number, Re, as well as on the axial, h, and radial, α, position of the measurement point. Strong dependence of the velocity fluctuations on the Reynolds number was found in the investigated range of Re and the measurement point position. Furthermore, one-dimensional energy spectra of the velocity fluctuations were also obtained by means of the Fast Fourier Transform. Fluctuation spectra of the axial and tangential velocities provided information about the energy density of velocity fluctuations in the observed range of Reynolds numbers. A study of the energy spectra led to the conclusion that the energy density increases with the increasing radial distance from the mixer walls at constant values of h, Re, and α. Minor variations in the mean value of the energy density, E, were observed together with variations of the measurement point angular position, α. In addition, it was observed that an increase of the Reynolds number causes significant increase of the power spectral density.
Metal Pollution Indices of Surface Sediment and Water from the Upper Reaches of Sombriero River, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Howard Ibigoni Clinton , Olulu Briggs Amonia 
Published: March 2013

Metal pollution indices of the surface sediments and water of the upper reaches of Sombriero river was investigated using Absorption Spectrophotometery. The data obtained for the metals- Cd, Pb, V, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn showed consistency in the metal pollution indices of the various stations of the study area. The stations with higher pollution indices were related to areas of intense activities. Several metal pair correlations were obtained in the surface sediments than in the surface water. Both media had Zn-Cd and Cu-Fe metal pair correlations. The pattern of the metals in the surface water at 95% significant level is Fe>Zn = Cu = Pb = N = Cd = V while that of the sediment is Fe>Zn = Cu = Ni = Pb = V = Cd. Each of the metals differed significantly between the media (P<0.05) sediment > water, indicating the former to be a better monitoring index of aquatic pollution by these metals. In comparison to other related work the degree of contamination of the upper reaches of the Sombriero River is low but a gradual enrichment of these pollutants could have a deleterious effect on the aquatic resources of the area and the consumers thereof.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7783
Redescription of leaf miners (Agromyzidae) infesting pods of legumes from India and Nepal
Authors: Thapa Ram Bahadur 
Published: March 2013

Two species of pod flies under the genus Melanagromyza Hendel were reared, redescribed and illustrated from India. These were Melanagromyza albisquama (Malloch) and Melanogromyza obtusa (Malloch). Melanagromyza albisquama (Malloch) was reared from seeds of Alysicarpus moniliform Dc., Alysicarpus rugosus Dc. (Linn.), Alysicarpus vaginalis (Linn.) Dc. and Desmodium gangeticum Dc. from Uttar Pradesh India. This is a first report from India. The second species reared, re-described and illustrated from India was Melanagromyza obtusa (Malloch) from pods of Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp. and Flemingia congesta Roxb. Melanagromyza obtusa (Malloch) was also reared from pods of Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp. from Biratnagar, eastern Nepal (Thapa, 2000) and this is the first report from Nepal. Variation within these species, were also described and illustrated, with genitalia preparation. The biology of albisquama (Malloch) has been clarified from India (Thapa, 1991). Descriptions and genitalia illustration broadly agreed with the illustrations figured by (Spencer, 1963, 1977). Variation within the species was also studied by the author (Thapa, 1991). Sehgal (1987) had also collected and reared large series of this species from several localities in Terai and Kumaon and Garhwal regions of Northern India on its widely cultivated host plants, Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp. and an alternate wild host Flemingia congesta Roxb. Spencer (1973, 1977) has listed Cajanus indicus Spreng, Flemingia sp. and Phaseolus radiatus Linn. as leguminous hosts of this species. Six new species of other stem flies infesting mostly legumes were also discovered under the genus Melanagromyza (stem flies) from Pantnagar, northen India. These were: M . pathaki new; M .glycini new species; M . denticulata Willd. new species; M . pisiphaga new species; M . sehgali new species ; M .vicivora new species.New names have been proposed to them as per International rules of Zoological Nomenclature. Thapa (2012) has redescribed M. sojae (Zehntner) under Melanagromyza Hendel from India and Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7794
Population Status Studies and Anthropogenic Impact on Birds of Biratnagar Sub-Metropolis
Authors: Jha Kanchan , Subba Bharat Raj 
Published: March 2013

Birds have always fascinated man by their exquisite coloration. They have their functional role in the ecosystem as potential pollinators and scavengers, indeed rightly called bioindicators. Nepal being a mega diversity centre harbors more than 873 species of birds which amounts to 10% of the world. Recently with increase consciousness for biodiversity census and monitoring, many new species have been added to the list. The subtropical climate and greenery of Biratnagar sub-metropolis provide good habitat for several bird species but in the past three decades drastic changes have taken place in the environment of this place because of anthropogenic activities and climate change. Several commonly visible birds’ species have left to turn out. Habitats of birds have shrunk here in such a way that very limited species of birds have become successful to show their representatives in this situation. Considering gradual loss of habitats because of increasing anthropogenic impacts and climate change, an attempt was made to study the present bird status of Biratnagar- sub metropolis. In twelve months of regular observation, eighty-one species of birds belonging to thirty-three families were recorded. Frequency of bird was counted by line transect method. The main five sites Tintolia- Balwahi (Latitude 26°26'32.4"N and Longitude 087°18'09.4"E), Baijnathpur, Ginaghat (Latitude 26029’59.8”N and Longitude 087017’53.2”E)”, Keshaliyakhola (Latitude 26°27'00"N and Longitude 087014.4’48.5”E), Dudhfarm (Latitude 26029’57.6”N and Longitude 087016’44.5”E) and Old airport (Latitude 26025’40.8”N Longitude 087016’34.3”E) were selected for study. On the basis of feeding habit birds recorded were carnivore 28.38%, omnivore 14.80%, insectivore 40.72%, fructivore 3.70%, grainivore 11.70% and nectivore 1.23%. The Shannon Wiener diversity index in summer and winter were found to be 3.68361 and 4.1328 respectively. The recorded birds were common 59.23%, fairly common 28.38% and 12.34% uncommon. The main causes of declining bird population in Biratnagar were found to have been anthropogenic impacts such as encroachment of habitats and feeding and breeding areas, use of insecticides, change in land use pattern, urbanization, poaching and effect of climate change.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7796
Resisting Imperial Jouissance: The Transideological Line in Recent American Antiwar Poetry
Authors: Brink Dean 
Published: March 2013

Abstract: This essay critically examines various strategies taken in the most compelling contemporary American antiwar poetry written against the occupation of Iraq. It finds both limitations, as many poets have succumbed to a postmodern distance from events, and brilliance, in poets who have discerned ways of eliciting hope in the aims of such poetry. Linda Hutcheon's term transideological irony is used to show how many poets are complicit, in their irony, with rubrics of the dominant discourse such as “a nation at war.” In light of Žižek's Lacanian-Marxist formulation of jouissance, the imperial jouissance manifest in much poetry presented as thematically “antiwar” is examined in terms of both successes and shortcomings.
Dismemberment, Repetition, and Working-Through: Keeping Up in Treme
Authors: Dowler Kevin 
Published: March 2013

Abstract: Borrowing heuristically from Freud's paper on psychoanalysis, and rhetoric's “locus of the irreparable,” this essay develops an analysis of the HBO series Treme that treats the show as a project oriented toward the reconstruction of the symbolic order in the aftermath of disaster. If the show, on the one hand, invites us to take part in the collective working-through of suffering, on the other hand, like television generally, it remains lodged in the register of repetition.
Mobilizing Maurya: J.M. Synge, Bertolt Brecht, and the Revolutionary Mother
Authors: Harris Susan Cannon 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT:Bertolt Brecht’s decision to transform J.M. Synge’s 1904 tragedy Riders to the Sea into a propaganda play about the Spanish Civil War called Señora Carrar’s Rifles (1937) has long baffled scholars, partly because Brecht’s interest in the play cannot be accounted for within an Irish studies paradigm and partly because Riders appears, to most Brecht scholars, to be the antithesis of Brecht’s vision of epic theatre. In this essay, I investigate the circumstances under which Señora Carrar’s Rifles was written and produced to show how and why Brecht came to see Riders to the Sea as a useful model in his ongoing attempt to dramatize the coming to political consciousness of the working-class mother. Considering both the pressures that were forcing Brecht back toward realism and the failure of his attempts to elicit an “epic” performance of his play The Mother from the New York-based Theatre Union in 1935, I argue that Brecht’s engagement with Riders is an attempt to learn from previous mistakes and to put into practice what the Theater Union Mother taught him about staging maternal grief. Riders was useful to Brecht because it showed him how to bring the working-class mother to her radicalizing epiphany within the context of realism and without resorting to the epic and alienating techniques used in The Mother. This reading not only leads us to question standard readings of Maurya’s famous renunciation of grief and mourning at the end of Riders to the Sea but to complicate our understanding of the emotional dynamics of Brechtian epic theatre.
Combined 25-Gauge Microincision Vitrectomy and Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation With Posterior Capsulotomy
Authors: Kunikata Hiroshi , Aizawa Naoko , Meguro Yasuhiko , Abe Toshiaki , Nakazawa Toru 
Published: March 2013

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the efficacy of combined 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) and toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with posterior capsulotomy.

METHODS:
Noncomparative, interventional case series performed at a single center. Twelve patients with vitreoretinal disease and cataracts, with preexisting regular corneal astigmatism greater than 1 diopter, underwent 25-gauge MIVS and toric IOL implantation with posterior capsulotomy.

RESULTS:

The toric IOL was successfully implanted in each case. At 6 months postoperatively, mean axis rotation was 5.7° ± 3.1°. At 1 month postoperatively, mean uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity improved; the improvement was maintained after 6 months. The absolute residual refractive cylinder was significantly lower postoperatively than the pre-existing regular corneal cylinder (
P
= .003). There were no surgical complications except temporary posterior iris synechiae in one case.

CONCLUSIONS:
Combined 25-gauge MIVS and toric IOL implantation with posterior capsulotomy is a practical and safe method to treat vitreoretinal disease and cataracts with pre-existing corneal astigmatism.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2013;44:145–154]
Assessment of Frame-Averaging Algorithms in OCT Image Analysis
Authors: Wu Wei , Tan Ou , Pappuru Rajeev R. , Duan Huilong , Huang David 
Published: March 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate frame registration and averaging algorithms for optical coherence tomography.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Twenty normal and 20 glaucomatous eyes were imaged. Objective differences were measured by comparing noise variance, spread of edge, and contrast-to-noise ratio. Subjective image quality was also evaluated.

RESULTS:

Two frame-averaging algorithms (FA400 and FA407) had better noise variance and contrast-to-noise ratio but worse spread of edge than did single frames (
P
< .01). Both algorithms provided better subjective assessments of structure boundaries than did single images (
P
< .001). FA407 had significantly lower spread of edge and better internal limiting membrane visualization than FA400.

CONCLUSION:
Frame averaging significantly suppressed speckle noise and increased the visibility of retinal structures, but imperfect image registration caused edge blurring that could be detected by the spread of edge parameter. In frame-averaging algorithms, higher contrast-to-noise ratio and lower noise variance indicated better noise suppression, but spread of edge was most sensitive in comparing edge preservation between algorithms.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2013;44:168–175]
Assessment of comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge level among in‐school adolescents in eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Oljira Lemessa , Berhane Yemane , Worku Alemayehu 
Published: March 2013

IntroductionIn Ethiopia, more adolescents are in school today than ever before; however, there are no studies that have assessed their comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Thus, this study tried to assess the level of this knowledge and the factors associated with it among in‐school adolescents in eastern Ethiopia.MethodsA cross‐sectional school‐based study was conducted using a facilitator‐guided self‐administered questionnaire. The respondents were students attending regular school in 14 high schools located in 14 different districts in eastern Ethiopia. The proportion of in‐school adolescents with comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge was computed and compared by sex. The factors that were associated with the comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge were assessed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOnly about one in four, 677 (24.5%), in‐school adolescents have comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. The knowledge was better among in‐school adolescents from families with a relatively middle or high wealth index (adjusted OR [95% CI]=1.39 [1.03–1.87] and 1.75 [1.24–2.48], respectively), who got HIV/AIDS information mainly from friends or mass media (adjusted OR [95% CI]=1.63 [1.17–2.27] and 1.55 [1.14–2.11], respectively) and who received education on HIV/AIDS and sexual matters at school (adjusted OR [95% CI]=1.59 [1.22–2.08]). The females were less likely to have comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge compared to males (adjusted OR and [95% CI]=0.60 [0.49–0.75]).ConclusionsIn general, only about a quarter of in‐school adolescents had comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. Although the female adolescents are highly vulnerable to HIV infection and its effects, they were by far less likely to have comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. HIV/AIDS information, education and communication activities need to be intensified in high schools.
Electron beam and UV cationic polymerization of glycidyl ethers – PART I: Reaction of monofunctional phenyl glycidyl ether
Authors: Mascioni Matteo , Ghosh Narendra N. , Sands James M. , Palmese Giuseppe R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractInvestigations of electron beam (e‐beam) and ultra violet (UV)‐induced cationic polymerization kinetics of a mono‐functional epoxy system, phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE), were conducted using real time in situ near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Effects of processing variables such as temperature and dose rate on initiation and propagation rate constants have been assessed. The experimental results and results from a simple mathematical model developed to predict the reaction behavior under continuous irradiation showed very good agreement. This work provides a basis for investigating the cure behavior of more complex and industrially relevant crosslinking epoxy systems where diffusion limitations play an important role as discussed in PART II. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation of a unique, multihollow‐core honeycomb structure via the unidirectional freezing of a binary solvent system
Authors: Okaji Rika , Taki Kentaro , Nagamine Shinsuke , Ohshima Masahiro 
Published: March 2013

AbstractUnidirectional freezing is a simple and environmentally friendly method for preparing polymeric porous materials from polymer solutions for use in various applications. In this study, a unique, multihollow‐core honeycomb structure was prepared from diurethandimethacrylate (DUDM) in a 1,4‐dioxane (Dx) and tertiary butanol (TBA) binary solvent system via unidirectional freezing, subsequent photopolymerization and freeze‐drying. The multihollow‐core honeycomb consists of two different hollow tubular structures: one structure is noncircular with an atypical cross‐sectional area, and the other is circular and measures approximately 5–10 μm in diameter. Both structures are aligned parallel to the freezing direction. These hollow structures were formed by using the sequential growth of Dx and TBA crystals as a template. During the unidirectional freezing process, the Dx crystals grew in the solution along the freezing direction and expelled DUDM and TBA from its crystalline phase into the solution. When the freezing temperature was further decreased, small, needle‐shaped TBA crystals grew along the freezing direction and were confined by the Dx crystals. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation of SiC whisker and application in reinforce of polystyrene resin composite materials
Authors: Zhang Nianchun , Yu Aixia , Liang Aihui , Zhang Renbo , Xue Feng , Ding Enyong 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA simple approach to fabricate silicon carbide (SiC) whisker is reported via using cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) as templates. The CNC with a length between 2 and 4 μm and a width about 40 nm is prepared by hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in strong sulfuric acid condition. The sol–gel reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is employed to coat the CNC in the presence of acetic acid as acid catalyst. The SiC whisker is obtained by calcination of CNC/SiO2 hybrid at 1200°C. The obtained SiC whisker is found to have uniform size and shape with a length of ca. 2–4 μm and a width of 40 ± 5 nm. XRD, SEM, TEM (HRTEM), SAED, EDX and FTIR are used to characterize the samples. The obtained SiC whisker is used in polystyrene (PS) resin toughened. And mechanical properties of SiC/PS composites are tested by tensile impact experiments. The test results show that the 5 wt. % SiC whisker particles can disperse homogeneously in the PS resins which use a silane coupling agent (KF9701) as compatibilizer. Our results also show that the SiC whisker is excellent reinforcing material, which the tensile strength of SiC/PS composites attains 110 MPa and the Izod notched impact strength attains 5.00 KJ/m2. Comparing the pure PS resin, the tensile impact of SiC(5)/PS(94.5)/KF9701(0.5) composites can be increased by about 3 times and the Izod notched impact strength can be increased about 8 times. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013