bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective solid‐phase extraction of metal for water decontamination
Authors: Mane Sachin , Ponrathnam Surendra , Chavan Nayaku 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTMetal‐contaminated industrial effluent is a major concern for human health. Therefore, the removal of metal is of primary importance. In this study, metals were selectively extracted from water. Selective metal recovery was studied with a crown‐ether‐based polymer, wherein the selectivity was observed for strontium over lead. Parameters influencing the metal recovery, such as the contact time, adsorbent dosage, and metal‐ion concentration, were evaluated. Interestingly, the adsorption rate of strontium was exponentially increased for the initial 4 h, and lead was adsorbed exponentially after 6 h. Notably, 98% strontium adsorption and 64% lead adsorption were obtained in 24 h. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was in good agreement and demonstrated that the reactive sites of the adsorbent were homogeneous with monolayer metal adsorption with an adsorbent. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm was not obeyed by both metals. The pseudo‐first‐order and pseudo‐second‐order kinetics indicated that strontium was adsorbed by chemisorption and lead was adsorbed by physisorption. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 132, 42849.
Electrospun biodegradable nanofibers scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Khajavi Ramin , Abbasipour Mina , Bahador Abbas 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTMany polymeric materials have been developed and introduced for bone regeneration. Especially, their nanofibrous forms are mostly applied for artificial extracellular matrices. Polymeric materials in their nanofibrous form show some potent properties such as high surface‐to‐volume ratio, tunable porosity, and ease of surface functionalization. Benefiting from the properties of their main polymer and additives, they can provide new opportunities for cell seeding, proliferation, and new 3D‐tissue formation. This article focuses on most cited polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning and recent achievements. They were divided into two main categories: natural (collagen, silk, keratin, gelatin, chitosan, and alginate) and synthetic (e.g., polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, and polyglycolic acid) polymers. The role of several additives like hydroxyapatite, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), tricalcium phosphate, and collagen type I in improving the adhesion, differentiation, and tissue formation of stem cells were discussed. Finally, the osteogenic capacity and ability of nanofibrous scaffolds to support the growth of clinically relevant bone tissue were briefly studied. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 42883.
Gold‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Tandem Cyclization of Indole‐Ynamides: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spirocyclic Pyrrolidinoindolines
Authors: Zheng Nan , Chang Yuan‐Yuan , Zhang Li‐Jie , Gong Jian‐Xian , Yang Zhen 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA gold‐catalyzed intramolecular tandem cyclization of indole‐ynamide affords tetracyclic spirocyclic pyrrolidinoindoline bearing an all‐carbon quaternary stereocentre in a single step; however, when the reaction was carried out in the presence of BF3⋅Et2O, the corresponding tricyclic spirocyclic pyrrolidinoindoline‐based enones are produced through a key 1,5‐hydride shift. The developed chemistry provides a diastereoselective and straightforward entry to structurally diverse polycylic pyrrolidinoindolines from indole‐ynamides in one‐pot reactions under mild conditions.
HepG2 Cell Resistance against Camptothecin from a Lysosomal Drug Delivery
Authors: Lee Hoyeon , Uhm Soojin , Shin Jung‐Won , Jeon Hyun Mi , Dongbang Sun , Jung Hyo Sung , Na Yun‐Cheol , Kang Chulhun , Kim Jong Seung 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA galactose‐appended drug delivery system released camptothecin (CPT) to lysosomes of HepG2 hepatoma cells, resulting in the cell resistance to the anticancer drug. We found that the resistance to CPT is caused by alteration of the drug release from the prodrug in lysosomes, emphasizing that the final delivery locations may critically influence drug efficacy.
Squeeze flow rheometry as a novel tool for the characterization of highly concentrated protein solutions
Authors: Schermeyer Marie‐Therese , Sigloch Heike , Bauer Katharina C. , Oelschlaeger Claude , Hubbuch Jürgen 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThis study aims at defining rheological parameters for the characterization of highly concentrated protein solutions. As a basis for comparing rheological behavior with protein solution characteristics the protein phase behavior of Lysozyme from chicken egg white with concentrations up to 225 mg/mL, changing pH values and additive concentrations was studied in a microbatch scale format. The prepared phase diagrams, scored after 40 days () give insights into the kind and kinetics of the phase transitions that occur. Oscillatory frequency sweep measurements of samples with exactly the same conditions were conducted immediately after preparation (). The protein solutions behave viscoelastic and show a characteristic curve shape of the storage modulus (G′) and the loss modulus (G″). The graphs provide information about the cross‐linking degree of the respective sample. The measured rheological parameters were sensitive concerning solution composition, protein concentration and solution inner structure. The rheological moduli G′ and G″ and especially the ratio of these parameters over a frequency range from 100 to 40000 rad/sec give information about the aggregation tendency of the protein under tested conditions. We succeeded to correlate protein phase behavior with the defined rheological key parameter . This point represents the frequency value of the intersection point from G′ and G″. In our study Lysozyme expressed a threshold value of 20000 rad/sec as a lower limit for stable protein solutions. The predictability of lysozyme aggregation tendency and crystallization by means of squeeze flow rheometry is shown. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 576–587. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Systematic review of sarcopenia in patients operated on for gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies
Authors: Levolger S , van Vugt J L A , de Bruin R W F , IJzermans J N M 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Background
Preoperative risk assessment in cancer surgery is of importance to improve treatment and outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of CT-assessed sarcopenia on short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing surgical resection of gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies.

Methods
A systematic search of Embase, PubMed and Web of Science was performed to identify relevant studies published before 30 September 2014. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Screening for inclusion, checking the validity of included studies and data extraction were carried out independently by two investigators.

Results
After screening 692 records, 13 observational studies with a total of 2884 patients were included in the analysis. There was wide variation in the reported prevalence of sarcopenia (17·0–79 per cent). Sarcopenia was independently associated with reduced overall survival in seven of ten studies, irrespective of tumour site. Hazard ratios (HRs) of up to 3·19 (hepatic cancer), 1·63 (pancreatic cancer), 1·85 (colorectal cancer) and 2·69 (colorectal liver metastases, CLM) were reported. For oesophageal cancer, the HR was 0·31 for increasing muscle mass. In patients with colorectal cancer and CLM, sarcopenia was independently associated with postoperative mortality (colorectal cancer: odds ratio (OR) 43·3), complications (colorectal cancer: OR 0·96 for increasing muscle mass; CLM: OR 2·22) and severe complications (CLM: OR 3·12).

Conclusion
Sarcopenia identified before surgery by single-slice CT is associated with impaired overall survival in gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies, and increased postoperative morbidity in patients with colorectal cancer with or without hepatic metastases.
Ovarian ectopic pregnancy in adolescence
Authors: Andrade Ana Gonçalves , Rocha Sara , Marques Catarina O. , Simões Mafalda , Martins Isabel , Biscaia Isabel , F. Barros Carlos 
Published: September 2015

Key Clinical MessageOvarian pregnancy is one of the rarest types of extrauterine pregnancy. Its preoperative diagnosis remains a challenge since it presents quite similarly to tubal pregnancy and complicated ovarian cysts. Although in most cases, histology is necessary to confirm the diagnosis, we present an ovarian pregnancy in a teenager, correctly diagnosed during ultrasound examination.
Long‐term persistent fetomaternal hemorrhage
Authors: Umazume Takeshi , Morikawa Mamoru , Yamada Takahiro , Cho Kazutoshi , Masauzi Nobuo , Minakami Hisanori 
Published: September 2015

Key Clinical MessageIt is not clear that how long the affected fetuses can tolerate fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH). Incidental serial measurements of the fetal peak systolic velocity of the middle cerebral artery and the retrospective analysis of stocked blood available incidentally indicated that our patient had suffered from FMH for at least 2 weeks prior to delivery.
Implant assisted ortho‐surgery in edentulous jaws: a clinical report
Authors: Khojasteh Arash , Payaminia Leila , Alikhasi Marzieh 
Published: September 2015

Key Clinical MessageThe severely atrophy of jaws often complicates ideally oral reconstruction of esthetics and functionality, and necessitates different preprosthetic surgeries including bone grafting, ortho‐surgery, and implant insertion. The mentioned procedures could be done within different approaches. This report describes the management of an edentulous case by implant insertion before orthognathic correction.
Design and Development of Oxynitride Photocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Takata Tsuyoshi , Pan Chengsi , Domen Kazunari 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPhotocatalytic overall water splitting into H2 and O2 is expected to be a promising method for the efficient utilization of solar energy. The design of optimal photocatalyst structures is a key to efficient overall water splitting. The photocatalyst used is generally a composite of particulate semiconductor and cocatalyst nanoparticles. Thus, the photocatalyst has the properties of both a semiconductor and a catalyst. In the design of photocatalysts for water splitting, both of these aspects should be taken into consideration. In the present article, we introduce key approaches that have led to the recent progress in oxynitride photocatalysts for visible‐light‐driven water splitting. In particular, band engineering of semiconductors by compositional modification and effective surface coating, which has a molecular sieving function to control the surface redox reactions, are explained through recent advances in our studies as examples.
The effect of Paget disease on axillary lymph node metastases and survival in invasive ductal carcinoma
Authors: Wong Stephanie M. , Freedman Rachel A. , Sagara Yasuaki , Stamell Emily F. , Desantis Stephen D. , Barry William T. , Golshan Mehra 
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to examine the effect of Paget disease (PD) on axillary lymph node metastases and survival in patients who had concomitant invasive ductal carcinoma (PD‐IDC).METHODSThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify women who were diagnosed with PD‐IDC from 2000 to 2011, comparing baseline demographic and tumor characteristics with those who were diagnosed with IDC alone during the same period. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of PD‐IDC with axillary lymph node metastasis, and breast cancer‐specific survival and overall survival were compared between the PD‐IDC and IDC groups using the Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTSThe study cohort included 1102 patients with PD‐IDC and 302,242 controls with IDC alone. PD‐IDC tumors were more likely to be centrally located (26.9% vs 5.5%; P < .001), high grade (63.5% vs 40.3%; P < .001), >2 cm in greatest dimension (47.1% vs 35.7%; P < .001), and estrogen/progesterone receptor‐negative (45.2% vs 22.1%; P < .001). In adjusted analyses, patients with PD‐IDC had higher odds of axillary lymph node metastasis (odds ratio, 1.83; P < .001). The unadjusted 10‐year breast cancer‐specific and overall survival rates were lower for the PD‐IDC group compared with the IDC‐alone group, although, after adjusting for disease stage, tumor characteristics, and local therapy, no significant differences in mortality risk were observed between the 2 groups (hazard ratio, 0.91; P = .24).CONCLUSIONSPD‐IDC is associated with an increased risk of axillary lymph node metastasis, but not with inferior survival, compared with IDC alone after adjustment for other disease factors. Cancer 2015;121:4333–40. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Fluoride‐ion‐conducting Polymers: Ionic Conductivity and Fluoride Ion Diffusion Coefficient in Quaternized Polysulfones
Authors: Pasquini Luca , Ziarelli Fabio , Viel Stéphane , Di Vona Maria Luisa , Knauth Philippe 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe describe the three‐step synthesis of a new polymeric fluoride ion conductor based on the fully aromatic polymer polysulfone (PSU). In the first step, PSU is chloromethylated (CM‐PSU) using reagents (i.e., stannic chloride, paraformaldehyde, and trimethylchlorosilane) that are less toxic than those used in the standard procedure. In the second step, CM‐PSU reacts with a tertiary amine (trimethylamine or 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) to form quaternary ammonium groups fixed on the PSU backbone and mobile chloride counter‐anions. The chloride ions can, in a third step, be exchanged with fluoride ions by immersion of the ionomer in NaF solution. The fluoride ion conductivity reaches 3–5 mS cm−1 at 25 °C and 5–10 mS cm−1 at 40 °C. We determined the F− diffusion coefficient in these ionomers by pulsed gradient spin‐echo (PGSE) high‐resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and by impedance spectroscopy using the Nernst–Einstein relation. The diffusion coefficients determined by the two methods are in good agreement, ranging from 2 to 4×10−10 m2 s−1. The porosity and tortuosity of the ionomer membranes can be estimated.
Multidimensional Instability of Dust‐Acoustic Solitary Waves in a Magnetized Hot Dusty Plasma with Superthermal Electrons and Ions
Authors: Shahmohammadi N. , Dorranian D. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMultidimensional instability of dust‐acoustic solitary wave (DASW) in magnetized dusty plasma with superthermal electrons and ions and micron size hot dust particles is investigated. The Zakharov‐Kuznetsov (ZK) equation, describing the small but finite amplitude DASW, was derived using the reductive perturbation method and its solitary answers was introduced. Effects of electrons and ions superthermality as well as the external magnetic field on the nature of DASW are discussed in detail. Dispersion relation, threshold condition, and growth rate of multidimensional instability of DASW were derived using small‐k (long wavelength plane wave) perturbation expansion method. We found that the direction and strength of external magnetic field extremely affect the growth rate and instability criterion. Results show that growth rate of instability decreases with increasing the number of superthermal electrons and increases with increasing the number of superthermal ions. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Novel fingerprinting mechanisms for indoor positioning
Authors: Ma Yi‐Wei , Chen Jiann‐Liang , Chang Fan‐Sheng , Tang Chia‐Lun 
Published: September 2015

SummaryAs wireless communications and microelectronic technology rapidly develop, diverse applications and services based on smart handheld devices have drawn the attention of researchers. The popularity of Indoor Location Based services and applications has also gradually increased. Therefore, how to improve indoor positioning accuracy becomes a very important issue. Although indoor positioning has been performed using various techniques in recent years, the computational complexity of ensuring positioning accuracy and positioning is an unsolved problem. Current indoor positioning systems typically use only the receiver or the transmitter to obtain the reference point data, and only the K‐Nearest Neighbors (KNN) or Trilateration algorithm is used to perform positioning. Therefore, positioning accuracy is limited by the use of reference point data from a single source and by the positioning algorithm used. The Novel Fingerprinting Mechanisms (NFM) indoor positioning system proposed in this study, however, uses both the receiver and transmitter to obtain positioning data and employs six positioning mechanisms to improve the current positioning accuracy. The experimental results show that the average error distance is 1.18 m in the NFM indoor positioning system. That is the system outperforms both KNN and Trilateration systems, which have average error distances of 1.35 m and 2.23 m, respectively. This study proves that the positioning accuracy is actually improved. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct‐methanol Fuel Cell Based on Functionalized Graphene Oxide with Mono‐metallic and Bi‐metallic Nanoparticles: Electrochemical Performances of Nanomaterials for Methanol Oxidation
Authors: Yola Mehmet Lütfi , Eren Tanju , Atar Necip , Saral Hasan , Ermiş İsmail 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe catalysts based on 2‐aminoethanethiol functionalized graphene oxide (AETGO) with several mono‐metallic and bi‐metallic nanoparticles such as rod gold (rAuNPs), rod silver (rAgNPs), rod gold‐platinum (rAu‐Pt NPs) and rod silver‐platinum (rAg‐Pt NPs) were synthesized. The successful synthesis of nanomaterials was confirmed by various methods. The effective surface area (ESA) of the rAu‐Pt NPs/AETGO is 1.44, 1.64 and 2.40 times higher than those of rAg‐Pt NPs/AETGO, rAuNPs/AETGO and rAgNPs/AETGO, respectively, under the same amount of Pt. The rAu‐Pt NPs/AETGO exhibited a higher peak current for methanol oxidation than those of comparable rAg‐Pt NPs/AETGO under the same amount of Pt loading.
Effect of the organic loading rate in the stillage treatment in a constructed wetland with Canna indica
Authors: López‐Rivera Adrián , López‐López Alberto , Vallejo‐Rodríguez Ramiro , León‐Becerril Elizabeth 
Published: September 2015

Anaerobic processes have been used for the stillage treatment, although the effluent of these processes still has a remnant of organic matter measured as Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), which must be treated to reduce its environmental impact, and constructed wetlands are an opportunity to treat this effluent at low cost. In this study, the effect of the organic loading rate (OLR) on the adaptation and growth of Canna indica was evaluated in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland for stillage treatment during 131 days. The wetland was operated at OLRs ranging 0.13 to 1.32 kg m−3 d−1, reaching average efficiencies about 87% for BOD and 70% for COD, depending on OLR, however efficiencies decreased for OLRs above 0.88 kg m−3 d−1. Canna indica grew well in the wetland; the gradual increase in organic matter ensured the adaptation of plants. Height and growth of plants were more important near to the outlet of the wetland (zone 2), than near to the inlet (zone 1). This phenomenon is associated with the removal of organic matter and the increment in the bioavailability of organic matter and nutrients through the length of the wetland. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 411–415, 2016
Seismic performance of masonry walls retrofitted with steel reinforced grout
Authors: De Santis Stefano , Casadei Paolo , De Canio Gerardo , de Felice Gianmarco , Malena Marialaura , Mongelli Marialuisa , Roselli Ivan 
Published: September 2015

SummaryAn innovative solution for the seismic protection of existing masonry structures is proposed and investigated through shake table tests on a natural scale wall assemblage. After a former test series carried out without reinforcement, the specimen was retrofitted using Steel Reinforced Grout. The strengthening system comprises horizontal strips of ultra‐high strength steel cords, externally bonded to the masonry with hydraulic lime mortar, and connectors to transversal walls, applied within the thickness of the plaster layer. In order to assess the seismic performance of the retrofitted wall, natural accelerograms were applied with increasing intensity up to failure. Test results provide a deep understanding of the effectiveness of mortar‐based composites for improving the out‐of‐plane seismic capacity of masonry walls, in comparison with traditional reinforcements with steel tie‐bars. The structural implications of the proposed solution in terms of dynamic properties and damage development under earthquake loads are also discussed.Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shaking table tests of steel frame with superelastic Cu–Al–Mn SMA tension braces
Authors: Araki Yoshikazu , Shrestha Kshitij C. , Maekawa Nao , Koetaka Yuji , Omori Toshihiro , Kainuma Ryosuke 
Published: September 2015

SummaryShaking table tests are performed on a one‐bay one‐story steel frame with superelastic Cu–Al–Mn shape memory alloy (SMA) tension braces. The frame is subjected to a series of scaled ground motions recorded during the 1995 Kobe earthquake, Japan. The test results demonstrate that the SMA braces are effective to prevent residual deformations and pinching. It is also shown that the time history responses observed from the shaking table tests agree well with the numerical predictions using a rate‐independent piecewise‐linear constitutive model calibrated to the quasi‐static component tests of the SMA braces. This suggests that the loading rate dependence of Cu–Al–Mn SMAs as well as the modeling error due to the piecewise linear approximation can be neglected in capturing the global response of the steel frame. Numerical simulations under a suite of near‐fault ground motion records are further performed using the calibrated analytical models to demonstrate the effectiveness of the SMA braces when the variability of near‐fault ground motions is taken into account. A stopper, or a deformation restraining device, is also proposed to prevent premature fracture of SMA bars in unexpectedly large ground motions while keeping the self‐centering capability in moderate to large ground motions. The effectiveness of the stopper is also demonstrated in the quasi‐static component and shaking table tests. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.