bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Scoping Review of Military Combat Casualty Data on Submassive, Massive, and Supermassive Transfusions
Authors: Banerjee Rohan C , Castillejos Jasmine A , Krewson Sean P , Mina Karen R , Fisher Andrew D , April Michael D , Schauer Steven G 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Blood transfusions are common during combat casualty care, aiming to address the loss of blood volume that often accompanies severe battlefield injuries. This scoping review delves into the existing military combat casualty data to analyze the efficacy, challenges, and advances in the use of massive and super-massive transfusions in the management of critically injured warfighters.

Materials and Methods
We performed a scoping review of combat-related literature published between 2006 and 2023 pertaining to massive transfusions used during combat deployments. We utilized PubMed to identify relevant studies and utilized the PRISMA-ScR Checklist to conduct the review.

Results
We identified 53 studies that met the inclusion criteria with the majority being retrospective studies from registries used by the United States, British, French, and Dutch Militaries. Most of the studies focused on transfusion ratios, the movement of blood transfusions to more forward locations, implementation of massive transfusions with different fibrinogen-to-red blood cell ratios, the addition of recombinant factor VII, and the use of predictive models for transfusion. Lastly, we identified reports of improved survival for casualties with the rapid implementation of various blood products (warm fresh whole blood, cold-stored low titer group O blood, freeze-dried plasma, and component therapy) and literature relating to pediatric casualties and submassive transfusions. Notable findings include the establishment of hemodynamic and cell blood count parameters as predictors of the requirement for massive transfusions and the association of higher fibrinogen-to-red blood cell ratios with decreased mortality.

Conclusions
We identified 53 studies focused on blood transfusions from the Global War on Terrorism conflicts. The majority were related to transfusion ratios and the movement of blood transfusions to more forward locations. We highlight key lessons learned on the battlefield that have been translated into scientific developments and changes in civilian trauma methods.
Is pulsed saturation transfer sufficient for differentiating radiation necrosis from tumor progression in brain metastases?
Authors: Chan Rachel W , Lam Wilfred W , Chen Hanbo , Murray Leedan , Zhang Beibei , Theriault Aimee , Endre Ruby , Moon Sangkyu , Liebig Patrick , Maralani Pejman J , Tseng Chia-Lin , Myrehaug Sten , Detsky Jay , Lim-Fat Mary Jane , Roberto Katrina , Djayakarsana Daniel , Lingamoorthy Bharathy , Mehrabian Hatef , Khan Benazir Mir , Sahgal Arjun , Soliman Hany , Stanisz Greg J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for the treatment of brain metastases delivers a high dose of radiation with excellent local control but comes with the risk of radiation necrosis (RN), which can be difficult to distinguish from tumor progression (TP). Magnetization transfer (MT) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) are promising techniques for distinguishing RN from TP in brain metastases. Previous studies used a 2D continuous-wave (ie, block radiofrequency [RF] saturation) MT/CEST approach. The purpose of this study is to investigate a 3D pulsed saturation MT/CEST approach with perfusion MRI for distinguishing RN from TP in brain metastases.

Methods
The study included 73 patients scanned with MT/CEST MRI previously treated with SRS or fractionated SRS who developed enhancing lesions with uncertain diagnoses of RN or TP. Perfusion MRI was acquired in 49 of 73 patients. Clinical outcomes were determined by at least 6 months of follow-up or via pathologic confirmation (in 20% of the lesions).

Results
Univariable logistic regression resulted in significant variables of the quantitative MT parameter 1/(RA·T2A), with 5.9 ± 2.7 for RN and 6.5 ± 2.9 for TP. The highest AUC of 75% was obtained using a multivariable logistic regression model for MT/CEST parameters, which included the CEST parameters of AREXAmide,0.625µT (P = .013), AREXNOE,0.625µT (P = .008), 1/(RA·T2A) (P = .004), and T1 (P = .004). The perfusion rCBV parameter did not reach significance.

Conclusions
Pulsed saturation transfer was sufficient for achieving a multivariable AUC of 75% for differentiating between RN and TP in brain metastases, but had lower AUCs compared to previous studies that used a block RF approach.
Empagliflozin impact on experimentally induced acetaminophen toxicity: Imprint of mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and cGAS/STING signal in amending liver insult
Authors: El‐Gohary Rehab M. , Abdeen Ahmed , Ibrahim Hoda A. , Taher Ehab S. , Ghabrial Maram M. , Younis Reham L. , Khattab Haidy , Seleem Monira A. , Alwutayd Khairiah M. , Mihaela Ostan , Ioan Banatean‐Dunea , El‐Nablaway Mohammad , Aldarmahi Ahmed A. , Ibrahim Ateya M. , Al‐Serwi Rasha H. , Ghalwash Asmaa A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most clinically relevant medications associated with acute liver damage. A prolific deal of research validated the hepatoprotective effect of empagliflozin (EMPA); however, its effect on APAP‐induced hepatotoxicity has still not been investigated. In this study, the prospective hepatoprotective impact of EMPA against APAP‐induced hepatotoxicity was investigated. Twenty‐eight Balb‐C mice were assigned to four groups: control, APAP, EMPA10/APAP, and EMPA25/APAP. At the end of the experiment, serum hepatotoxicity biomarkers, MDA level, and GSH content were estimated. Hepatic mitofusin‐2 (MFN2), optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1), and mitochondrial fission 1 protein (FIS1) were immunoassayed. PGC‐1α, cGAS, and STING mRNA expression were assessed by real‐time PCR. Histopathological changes and immunohistochemistry of INF‐β, p‐NF‐κB, and iNOS were evaluated. APAP treatment caused significant hepatic functional impairment and increased hepatic MDA levels, as well as a concomitant decrease in GSH content. Marked elevation in Drp1 and FIS1 levels, INF‐ß, p‐NF‐κB, and iNOS immunoreactivity, and reduction in MFN2 and OPA1 levels in the APAP‐injected group, PGC‐1α downregulation, and high expression of cGAS and STING were also documented. EMPA effectively ameliorated APAP‐generated structural and functional changes in the liver, restored redox homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics balance, and enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, remarkably diminished hepatic expression of cGAS and STING, and elicited a reduction in hepatic inflammation. Moreover, the computational modeling data support the interaction of APAP with antioxidant system‐related proteins as well as the interactions of EMPA against Drp1, cGAS, IKKA, and iNOS proteins. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that EMPA has an ameliorative impact against APAP‐induced hepatotoxicity in mice via modulation of mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and cGAS/STING‐dependent inflammation. Thus, this study concluded that EMPA could be a promising therapeutic modality for acute liver toxicity.
The dual role of a highly structured RNA (the S fragment) in the replication of foot‐and‐mouth disease virus
Authors: Ward Joseph C. , Lasecka‐Dykes Lidia , Dobson Samuel J. , Gold Sarah , Kingston Natalie J. , Herod Morgan R. , King Donald P. , Tuthill Tobias J. , Rowlands David J. , Stonehouse Nicola J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSecondary and tertiary RNA structures play key roles in genome replication of single‐stranded positive sense RNA viruses. Complex, functional structures are particularly abundant in the untranslated regions of picornaviruses, where they are involved in initiation of translation, priming of new strand synthesis and genome circularization. The 5′ UTR of foot‐and‐mouth disease virus (FMDV) is predicted to include a c. 360 nucleotide‐long stem‐loop, termed the short (S) fragment. This structure is highly conserved and essential for viral replication, but the precise function(s) are unclear. Here, we used selective 2′ hydroxyl acetylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) to experimentally determine aspects of the structure, alongside comparative genomic analyses to confirm structure conservation from a wide range of field isolates. To examine its role in virus replication in cell culture, we introduced a series of deletions to the distal and proximal regions of the stem‐loop. These truncations affected genome replication in a size‐dependent and, in some cases, host cell‐dependent manner. Furthermore, during the passage of viruses incorporating the largest tolerated deletion from the proximal region of the S fragment stem‐loop, an additional mutation was selected in the viral RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase, 3Dpol. These data suggest that the S fragment and 3Dpol interact in the formation of the FMDV replication complex.
Minimally Invasive Injectable Cosmetic Procedures Increase Feelings of Authenticity
Authors: Martinez Michael J. , White Michael W. , Bailey Erica R. , Smeallie Eleanor , Hoffman Lauren , You Janet , Chapas Anne M. , Lee Nayoung , Iyengar Sheena , Rieder Evan A. 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Minimally invasive cosmetic dermatology procedures continue to be increasingly popular; however, the extant literature has poorly documented the psychological antecedents of interest in cosmetic procedures and their psychological consequences.

OBJECTIVE
To better inform dermatologists on their patients' motivations for cosmetic enhancement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
In a general population survey, an online representative sample of 984 Americans reported the extent to which they feel authentic using the validated authenticity scale and whether they were interested in undergoing a cosmetic procedure. In a prospective dermatology office survey, 102 participants reported their feelings of authenticity immediately before and 2 weeks after receiving a minimally invasive injectable cosmetic procedure.

RESULTS
In the general population survey, participants interested in cosmetic procedures felt significantly less authentic than participants who were not interested (p = .003). In the prospective dermatology office survey, participants felt significantly more authentic 2 weeks after their minimally invasive injectable cosmetic procedure than before (p = .018).

CONCLUSION
Lower feelings of authenticity are associated with interest in cosmetic procedures. Participants felt more authentic 2 weeks after receiving a minimally invasive injectable cosmetic procedure. Cosmetic procedures may present patients with an opportunity to feel more like their real, genuine selves.
Effects of axis-flip of the refractive cylinder on vision and patient-reported outcome measures after toric intraocular lens implantation
Authors: Naderi Khayam , Jameel Ashmal , Chow Isabelle , Hull Chris , O'Brart David 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the effects of cylinder axis-flip after toric intraocular lens (TIOL) implantation on vision and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Setting:
Teaching hospital in the United Kingdom.

Design:
Post hoc analysis of data from patients who participated in a prospective randomized study of TIOLs.

Methods:
Axis-flip was defined as a change in postoperative refractive cylinder (RC) axis of 90 ± 22.5 degrees from the preoperative biometric axis. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), residual RC, and CATPROM-5 and EQ-5D-3L quality-of-life scores were analyzed.

Results:
At 6 months, axis-flip occurred in 29 (34.5%) of 84 eyes of which 28 had with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism preoperatively. Mean (±SD) UDVA (logMAR) was 0.13 (0.16) in flipped cases (FCs) and 0.10 (0.14) in unflipped cases (UFs) (P = .88). CDVA was 0.01 (0.11) in FC and was 0.00 (0.09) in UF (P = .68). Mean RC was 0.74 diopters (D) (0.41) in FC and 0.93 D (0.47) in UF (P = .08). Mean CATPROM-5 score was −6.22 (2.56) in FC and −5.52 (3.03) in UF (P = .29). Mean EQ-5D-3L calibrated score was 0.89 (0.19) in FC and 0.85 (0.19) in UF (P = .35). Retrospectively applying coefficients of adjustment to account for posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA) suggested that 6 eyes (21%) of FC with WTR might have avoided axis-flip.

Conclusions:
Axis flipping after TIOL implantation did not adversely influence visual acuity or PROMs scores. Most FC had WTR preoperatively. Adjusting for PCA might have reduced axis-flip in some of these eyes.
The Impact of Video Calling Between Preterm Infants and Their Mothers on the Physiological Parameters of Infants and Mother-Infant Bonding
Authors: Kaynak Serap , Yilmaz Hatice Bal 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to determine the effect of video calling between preterm infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and their mothers on the physiological parameters of infants and mother-infant bonding.

Background:
Preterm infants need prolonged treatment in the NICU, and their families may have difficulty seeing their babies during this treatment process.

Methods:
This is a prospective, randomized-controlled, experimental study. The study sample consisted of 75 preterm infants and their mothers. The data were collected using a maternal introductory information form, a preterm infant introductory information form, a preterm infant physiological parameters follow-up form, and the Mother-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS). The study included 3 study groups: the video call group, the video call with lullaby group, and the control group. Video calls between preterm infants and their mothers were made through Zoom for 5 to 10 minutes daily for 7 days. The mothers filled out the MIBS online before and on the 7th and 30th days of the study.

Results:
Preterm infants in the video call and the video call with lullaby groups had higher MIBS mean scores on the 7th and 30th days of the study than their pretest MIBS scores. Preterm infants in the video call and the video call with lullaby groups had statistically significantly higher MIBS mean scores on the seventh day of the study than those in the control group. At the end of the 7-day study period, there was an improvement in the physiological parameters of preterm infants in the video call group and the video call with lullaby group compared with those in the control group, and this relationship was statistically significant.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, the implementation of video calls between mothers and preterm infants in NICUs had a healing effect on the physiological parameters of preterm infants and increased mother-infant bonding.
Regulation of the p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 Pathway by Gentamicin Induces Ferroptosis in HEI-OC1 Cells
Authors: Li Yingying , Xu Hui , Shi Jinping , Li Cong , Li Mengxin , Zhang Xiaoling , Xue Qing , Qiu Jingjing , Cui Limei , Sun Yan , Song Xicheng , Chen Liang 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundGentamicin is a commonly used aminoglycoside antibiotic, with ototoxicity as a significant side effect. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, has been implicated in a variety of disorders. Whether ferroptosis impacts gentamicin ototoxicity is not yet known. The current work used an in-vitro model to examine the influence of gentamicin-induced ferroptosis on cochlear hair cell damage and probable molecular biological pathways.MethodsHouse Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells were treated with different concentrations of gentamicin for 24 hours, with or without ferrostatin-1 pretreatment, to observe gentamicin-induced ferroptosis. The role of p53/solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling in gentamicin-induced ferroptosis was explored by pretreating cells with the p53 inhibitor pifithrin-α (PFT-α). We investigated the effect of gentamicin on cells by assessing cell viability. Cellular proteins were isolated and Western blots were performed to detect changes in the expression of p53, SLC7A11, and GPX4. Fluorescence staining was used to assess levels of reactive oxygen species. An enzymatic detection kit was used to detect glutathione, Fe, and malondialdehyde markers.ResultsGentamicin reduced cell viability, glutathione content, and SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein levels, and increased levels of p53 protein, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and Fe. These effects were largely blocked by pretreatment with ferrostatin-1. Pretreatment with the p53 inhibitor PFT-α prevented the gentamicin-induced reduction in SLC7A11 and GPX4, which alleviated several features of ferroptosis including glutathione depletion, iron overload, and lipid peroxidation build-up.ConclusionGentamicin induces ferroptosis in the HEI-OC1 cell line, and the mechanism may be related to the p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway.
Exploring the Efficacy of a Dynamic Harness System on Gross Motor Development and Motivation for Infants With Down Syndrome: A Pilot Study
Authors: Abuatiq Reham A. , Hoffman Mia E. , LaForme Fiss Alyssa , Looper Julia , Feldner Heather A. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To explore the benefits of a Partial Body Weight Support (PBWS) harness system within a play enriched environment on gross motor development and mastery motivation of infants with Down Syndrome (DS).

Methods:
A randomized crossover study with 17 pre-walking infants with DS in two conditions—play with or without the harness engaged—each for 3×/week over 3 weeks with a 1-week washout. Assessments took place at baseline, crossover, and completion.

Results:
Statistically and clinically significant changes were evident on the Gross Motor Function Measure-88; however, there were no significant changes in parent-reported mastery motivation.

Conclusion:
The combination of PBWS harness system support and high frequency-facilitated play within an enriched play environment positively affected gross motor development. The intervention did not impact mastery motivation skills, and the direct impact of the harness remains unclear.
Integrating Heart Rate Monitoring Into a Camp for Children With Neuromotor Disorders: A Case Series
Authors: Rubsam Meaghan , Hohl Kristen , Smaller Kevin , Lopez Gabriela , Rafferty Miriam 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
This case series investigated the implementation fidelity, feasibility, and effectiveness of integrating continuous heart rate monitoring with visual feedback into an established, intensive physical therapy camp for children with neuromotor disorders.

Summary of Key Points:
The provision of continuous visual feedback through color-coded, individually calculated heart rate zones was a feasible and effective intervention, encouraging pediatric gait camp participants to exercise at intensities that produced aerobic and functional gains. The use of technology facilitated participation with peers, an outcome equally as important as their endurance and functional improvements.

Conclusions and Recommendations for Clinical Practice:
Pediatric physical therapists play a crucial role in enhancing the well-being and physical fitness of children with disabilities. Encouraging regular exercise in a social environment fosters enjoyable, inclusive experiences while promoting overall health. It is important for clinicians in various pediatric rehabilitation settings to establish programs that offer such opportunities for children with neuromotor disorders.
Clinical Effect of Combined Fascia Sheath Suspension With Shortening Levator Muscle on Severe Blepharoptosis
Authors: Wei Ranran , Ding Kun , Zhang Shan , Cao Zhe , Liang Xiaoqin 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
To study the clinical effect of conjoint fascial sheath (CFS) suspension and levator palpebrae superioris muscle shortening in the treatment of severe blepharoptosis.

Methods:
Forty-five patients with severe blepharoptosis (75 eyes) from May 2020 to February 2022 in the authors' hospital were divided into 2 groups: group A (n = 33, 43 eyes) and group B (n = 24, 32 eyes). Group A was operated on by CFS + levator muscle shortening, and group B was operated on by frontal muscle flap suspension + levator muscle shortening. Both groups were followed up for 12 months (until February 2023). The clinical effect was counted in 6 months after operation, the early complications were counted in 1 month after operation, and the late complications were counted in 1 month to 12 months after operation. Margin to corneal reflex distance 1 (MRD1) and palpebral fissure height (PFH) were recorded before, 1 week, 3 months, and 12 months postoperatively, and the amount of eyelid retrogression was counted again.

Results:
The good correction rate was 90.70% in group A, higher than in group B (71.88%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); the early postoperative complication rate was 9.30%, lower than in group B (24.38%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); the late postoperative complication rate was 2.33%, lower than group B (18.75%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The MRD1 and PFH of group A were higher than those of group B (P < 0.05) at 3 months postoperatively and 12 months postoperatively; the MRD1 and PFH of group A were lower than those of group B (P < 0.05) at 3 months postoperatively and 12 months postoperatively. Repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in the main effects of MRD1, PFH, eyelid retrogression, and time in group A and group B (P < 0.05), and there was interaction between intervention and time (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Conjoint fascial sheath suspension combined with levator palpebrae superioris muscle shortening can effectively improve MRD1 and PFH, and the amount of upper eyelid retraction is controllable 1 year after operation.
Improving Surgical Care and Outcomes in Older Cancer Patients Through Implementation of a Presurgical Toolkit (OPTI-Surg)—Final Results of a Phase III Cluster Randomized Trial (Alliance A231601CD)
Authors: Chang George J. , Gunn Heather J. , Barber Anne K. , Lowenstein Lisa M. , Dohan Daniel , Broering Jeanette , Dockter Travis , Tan Angelina D. , Dueck Amylou , Chow Selina , Neuman Heather , Finlayson Emily ,   on behalf of the OPTI-Surg Investigators
Published: July 2024

Objective:
To assess the effect of a practice-level preoperative frailty screening and optimization toolkit (OPTI-Surg) on postoperative functional recovery and complications in elderly cancer patients undergoing major surgery.

Background:
Frailty is common in older adults. It increases the risk of poor postoperative functional recovery and complications. The potential for a practice-level screening/optimization intervention to improve outcomes is unknown.

Methods:
Thoracic, gastrointestinal, and urologic oncological surgery practices within the National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) were randomized 1:1:1 to usual care (UC), OPTI-Surg, or OPTI-Surg with an implementation coach. OPTI-Surg consisted of the Edmonton Frail Scale and guided recommendations for referral interventions. Patients 70 years old or above undergoing curative intent surgery were eligible. The primary outcome was 8 weeks postoperative function (kcal/wk). The key secondary outcome was complications within 90 days. Mixed models were used to compare UC to the 2 OPTI-Surg arms combined.

Results:
From July 2019 to September 2022, 325 patients were enrolled in 29 practices. One hundred ninety-nine (64 UC, 135 OPTI-Surg) and 279 (78 UC, 201 OPTI-Surg) were evaluable for primary and secondary analysis, respectively. UC and OPTI-Surg patients did not significantly differ in total caloric expenditure (2.2 UC, 2.0 OPTI-Surg) after adjusting for baseline function (P=0.53). UC and OPTI-Surg patients did not significantly differ in postoperative complications (25.6% UC, 35.3% OPTI-Surg, P=0.5).

Conclusions:
Frailty assessment was successfully performed, but the OPTI-Surg intervention did not improve postoperative function nor reduce postoperative complications compared with UC. Future analysis will explore practice-level factors associated with toolkit implementation and the differences between the coaching and noncoaching arms.