bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single Fraction versus Multiple Fraction Radiotherapy for treatment of painful bone metastases: A Prospective Study; Mansoura experience
Authors: Anter Abeer Hussien 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Assessment of pain response in patients with bone metastasis after treating with two radiation schedules and to compare toxicity profile in both arms.
Patients & Methods: A prospective randomised study was designed to include 100 patients from May 2011 to May 2013. Patients with histopathologically proven primary malignancy having symptomatic secondary deposits to bone were selected for the study. Patients were randomised to 8 Gy in a single fraction (arm A) or 20 Gy in five fractions (arm B). Initial pain response was assessed using numeric rating scale, and compared using the same scale 3 months after completion of treatment. Acute toxicities were assessed using the radiation therapy oncology group criteria for adverse events
Results: Arm A comprised 51 patients while 49 patients were enrolled in Arm B. Baseline patient characteristics were comparable. Twelve patients were lost to follow-up. So the 3-month pain score assessment was completed by 88 of the 100 patients; A complete response was observed in 20.4% (18 patients) of the 88 patients, and partial response was observed in 54.5% (48 patients), for an overall response rate of 75% (66 of 88 patients); only 10% (9 patients) of the 88 patients had progression of pain. Mild GI toxicity was noted in both arms but differences in two arms were not statistically significant (p = 0.45), no interruption of treatment was required because of side effects.
Conclusions: In our study, we found both the radiation fractionation schedules for palliative bone metastasis treatment is equally effective in pain control.
Minimal potential results for the Schrödinger equation in a slab
Authors: De Carli Laura , Hudson Steve , Li Xiaosheng 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Consider the Schrödinger equation

-

Δ
⁢
u

=

(

k
+
V

)

⁢
u

${-\Delta u=(k+V)u}$

in an
infinite slab

S
=

ℝ

n
-
1

×

(
0
,
1
)

${S=\mathbb{R}^{n-1}\times(0,1)}$

, where V has some type of decay at infinity; three specific types are
studied. For each type, we prove necessary conditions for the existence of
nontrivial admissible solutions. These conditions involve the norm
of V, and the distance of k from the set

𝒦
=

{

π
2

⁢

m
2

:

m
∈
ℕ

}

${{\mathcal{K}}=\{\pi^{2}m^{2}:m\in\mathbb{N}\}}$

. If

V
∈

L
∞

⁢

(
S
)

${V\in L^{\infty}(S)}$

is supported on a set D
of finite measure, then these conditions also involve the measure of
D, and, in many cases, the inequalities are sharp.
Neonicotinoids and their Metabolites in Human Biomonitoring: A Review
Authors: Kasiotis K.M. , Machera K. 
Published: July 2015

Summary
Neonicotinoids (NNDs) constitute a major class of insecticides with a broad and versatile spectrum of applications in agriculture. Hence, their residues are found in several environmental compartments and can be transferred via several pathways to numerous organisms. Despite their profound impact on honeybees and wild bees (impairment of memory, impact on immune system), their presence in humans is far less reported, possibly due to the low to moderate toxicological effects that they elicit. The aim of the present review is to emphasize on developments in the biomonitoring of NNDs. It focuses mainly on chromatographic analysis of NNDs and their metabolites in human biological fluids, discussing key features, such as sample preparation and analytical method validation. Nonetheless, case reports regarding intoxication incidents are presented, highlighting the significance of such cases especially in the developing world.
Pathogenicity of indigenous strains of three entomopathogenic fungi to the sisal weevil, Scyphophorus acupunctatus (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Gkounti V.T. , Markoyiannaki D. , Kontodimas D.Ch. 
Published: July 2015

Summary
The pathogenicity of indigenous isolates of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea was evaluated in the laboratory against larvae and adults of the sisal weevil, Scyphophorus acupunctatus. Inoculation was achieved via immersion of individuals into conidia suspensions of different concentrations. All three fungal species proved high pathogenicity against larvae of the weevil, causing 100% mortality in most of the treatments. Beauveria bassiana caused the highest mortality of the adults (86.67±12%), followed by M. anisopliae (46.67±17.8%) and I. fumosorosea (40±17.5%). Mean survival time also differed significantly among treatments and life stages of the weevil. In total, larvae survived significantly fewer days than adults post infection. Results of the present study indicate the potential of indigenous strains of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents against the invasive weevil.
Extending native mass spectrometry approaches to integral membrane proteins
Authors: Konijnenberg Albert , van Dyck Jeroen F. , Kailing Lyn L. , Sobott Frank 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Recent developments in native mass spectrometry and ion mobility have made it possible to analyze the composition and structure of membrane protein complexes in the gas-phase. In this short review we discuss the experimental strategies that allow to elucidate aspects of the dynamic structure of these important drug targets, such as the structural effects of lipid binding or detection of co-populated conformational and assembly states during gating on an ion channel. As native mass spectrometry relies on nano-electrospray of natively reconstituted proteins, a number of commonly used lipid- and detergent-based reconstitution systems have been evaluated for their compatibility with this approach, and parameters for the release of intact, native-like folded membrane proteins studied in the gas-phase. The strategy thus developed can be employed for the investigation of the subunit composition and stoichiometry, oligomeric state, conformational changes, and lipid and drug binding of integral membrane proteins.
Generalizing Experimental Findings
Authors: Pearl Judea 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis note examines one of the most crucial questions in causal inference: “How generalizable are randomized clinical trials?” The question has received a formal treatment recently, using a non-parametric setting, and has led to a simple and general solution. I will describe this solution and several of its ramifications, and compare it to the way researchers have attempted to tackle the problem using the language of ignorability. We will see that ignorability-type assumptions need to be enriched with structural assumptions in order to capture the full spectrum of conditions that permit generalizations, and in order to judge their plausibility in specific applications.
Social Media and the Virality of Risk: The Risk Amplification through Media Spread (RAMS) Model
Authors: Vijaykumar Santosh , Jin Yan , Nowak Glen 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSocial media have transformed traditional configurations of how risk signals related to an infectious disease outbreak (IDO) are transmitted from public health authorities to the general public. However, our understanding of how social media might influence risk perceptions during these situations, and the influence of such processes on ensuing societal responses remains limited. This paper draws on key ideas from the Social Amplification of Risk Framework (SARF), Socially Mediated Crisis Communication (SMCC) model and a case study of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) social media management of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic to propose a new conceptual model. The Risk Amplification through Media Spread (RAMS) model brings clarity to the new complexities in media management of IDOs by delineating the processes of message diffusion and risk amplification through communication channels that are often highly integrated due to social media. The model offers recommendations for communication priorities during different stages of an IDO. The paper concludes with a discussion of the RAMS model from theoretical and applied perspectives, and sets the direction for future conceptual refinement and empirical testing.
Closing the Citizen-Government Communication Gap: Content, Audience, and Network Analysis of Government Tweets
Authors: Wukich Clayton , Mergel Ines 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA key task in emergency management is the timely dissemination of information to decision makers across different scales of operations, particularly to individual citizens. Incidents over the past decade highlight communication gaps between government and constituents that have led to suboptimal outcomes. Social media can provide valuable tools to reduce those gaps. This article contributes to the existing literature on social media use by empirically demonstrating how and to what extent state-level emergency management agencies employ social media to increase public participation and promote behavioral changes intended to reduce household and community risk. Research to this point has empirically examined only response and recovery phases related to this process. This article addresses each phase of emergency management through the analysis of Twitter messages posted over a 3-month period. Our research demonstrates that while most messages conformed to traditional one-to-many government communication tactics, a number of agencies employed interactive approaches including one-to-one and many-to-many strategies.
Conceptualizing the Developmental State in Resource-Rich Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ghebremusse Sara 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper uses the “developmental state” model to conceptualize state participation in African extractive sectors. What form thss can take in resource-rich states has not been extensively studied, since most countries labeled as “developmental states” lacked significant natural resources. Borrowing from the experiences of “successful” African developmental states – notably Botswana and Mauritius – this paper proposes a graduated developmental state model that is driven by state capacity, both fiscally and structurally. This paper is divided as follows:
Numerical solution of an inverse problem of coefficient recovering for
a wave equation by a stochastic projection methods
Authors: Kabanikhin Sergey I. , Sabelfeld Karl K. , Novikov Nikita S. , Shishlenin Maxim A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
An inverse problem of reconstructing the two-dimensional coefficient of the wave equation is solved by a stochastic projection method. We apply the Gel'fand–Levitan approach to reduce the nonlinear inverse problem to a family of linear integral equations. The stochastic projection method is applied to solve the relevant linear system. We analyze the structure of the problem to increase the efficiency of the method by constructing an improved initial approximation. A smoothing spline is used to treat the random errors of the method. The method has low cost and memory requirements. Results of numerical calculations are presented.
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction For Detection Of Optimal Thermal Profile For DNA Templates From Air-Dried Insect Collection Material
Authors: Kokina Inese , Barševskis Arvīds , Latvele Rita , Aksjuta Kristīna , Jahundoviča Inese 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The thermal profile for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is the main concern in obtaining the PCR product. Determination of optimal thermal profile can be achieved by various techniques, the main objectives of which are simplicity and cost effectiveness of the method. Real-time PCR is a novel molecular biology method widely used in different fields, recognised by its accuracy and precision. In the present work, the thermal profile was estimated for DNA from air-dried collection material of Notiophilus genus and new sequences were obtained for Gene-Bank. Air-dried entomological collections exist around the world and the use of DNA from such type of material is widespread and offers various unique preferences. The purpose of the study was to assess the suitability of different primer annealing temperatures (42 °C – 55 °C) for universal mitochondrial DNA COI gene primer pair HCO/LCO using real-time PCR method. During this study we demonstrate that real-time PCR could be useful to determine the optimal thermal profile for low-yield DNA for increasing the number of qualitative DNA sequences.
Genus Sisymbrium L. (Rockets) In The Flora Of Latvia
Authors: Rūrāne Ieva , Roze Ieva 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
One of the largest genera in the Cruciferae family in Latvia is Sisymbrium L. The genus includes not only native, but also some alien species. The distributions of the Sisymbrium species were reviewed for the first time in the last 50th years in Latvia. The distribution data were compiled from herbarium material, literature and field surveys. An identification key for the Sisymbrium species in Latvia and detailed scientific nomenclature are presented in the current study. In total, seven species of Sisymbrium were found in Latvia — S. supinum L., S. loeselii L., S. polymorphum (Murray) Roth, S. volgense M. Bieb. ex E. Fourn., S. altissimum L., S. orientale L. and S. officinale (L.) Scop. The mainly were recorded in railway verges, roadsides, waste dumps and wasteland. Five species of the genus are alien to the flora of Latvia — S. loeselii, S. altissimum, S. polymorphum, S. orientale, and S. volgense; two are native — S. supinum and S. officinale.
Impact Of Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) And Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Bark Extracts On Important Strawberry Pathogens
Authors: Minova Sandra , Sešķēna Rita , Voitkāne Santa , Metla Zane , Daugavietis Māris , Jankevica Līga 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Phytopathogenic fungi induced considerable economic losses in strawberry production industry; therefore, more attention should be paid to development and implementation of preventative treatment that is environmentally friendly. Coniferous trees produce a wide variety of compounds, such as terpenoids and phenolics. Several studies are known on fungicidal activity of different components of coniferous tree bark. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) bark ethanol extracts impact on pathogenous fungi causing diseases of strawberries. Products of processed pine (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce (Picea abies) bark were tested. During 2011 to 2013, several in vitro experiments were carried out to test the effectiveness of pine and spruce bark extracts against various phytopathogenic fungi isolated from strawberries: Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, Phytophthora cactorum and Mycosphaerella fragariae. Radial growth tests showed that coniferous bark extracts inhibit mycelial growth of B. cinerea, C. acutatum, P. cactorum and M. fragariae. Extracts had the highest antifungal effect on B. cinerea two and five days after inoculation (p < 0.05). Bark extracts can reduce the sporulation of B. cinerea, C. acutatum and P. cactorum.
Propaganda mala fide: Towards a comparative semiotics of violent religious persuasion
Authors: Leone Massimo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNot all religious proselytizing is conducive to violence, yet some is, and adopts specific words, images, sounds, and other signs in order to convey its message. Defying frontiers among historical epochs, confessions, and disciplines, the essay develops a cross-cultural, trans-historical, and comparative reading of violent religious propaganda, focusing on messages and media that promote radicalization and the consequent mission to defeat the enemy disbeliever. In particular, the essay puts the current phenomenon of jihadist online propaganda into historical and comparative perspective.
The poetry of sound and the sound of poetry: Navajo poetry, phonological iconicity, and linguistic relativity
Authors: Webster Anthony K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis article takes seriously Edward Sapir’s observation about poetry as an example of linguistic relativity. Taking my cue from Dwight Bolinger’s “word affinities,” this article reports on the ways sounds of poetry evoke and convoke imaginative possibilities through phonological iconicity. In working with Navajos in translating poetry, I have come to appreciate the sound suggestiveness of that poetry and the imaginative possibilities that are bound up in the sounds of Navajo. It seems that just such sound suggestiveness via phonological iconicity and the ways they orient our imaginations are a crucial locus for thinking through linguistic relativities.
The partially pre-ordered set of compactifications of Cp(X, Y)
Authors: Dorantes-Aldama A. , Rojas-Hernández R. , Tamariz-Mascarúa Á. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn the set of compactifications of X we consider the partial pre-order defined by (W, h) ≤X (Z, g) if there is a continuous function f : Z ⇢ W, such that (f ∘ g)(x) = h(x) for every x ∈ X. Two elements (W, h) and (Z, g) of K(X) are equivalent, (W, h) ≡X (Z, g), if there is a homeomorphism h : W ! Z such that (f ∘ g)(x) = h(x) for every x ∈ X. We denote by K(X) the upper semilattice of classes of equivalence of compactifications of X defined by ≤X and ≡X. We analyze in this article K(Cp(X, Y)) where Cp(X, Y) is the space of continuous functions from X to Y with the topology inherited from the Tychonoff product space YX. We write Cp(X) instead of Cp(X, R).We prove that for a first countable space Y, K(Cp(X, Y)) is not a lattice if any of the following cases happen:(a) Y is not locally compact,(b) X has only one non isolated point and Y is not compact.Furthermore, K(Cp(X)) is not a lattice when X satisfies one of the following properties:(i) X has a non-isolated point with countable character,(ii) X is not pseudocompact,(iii) X is infinite, pseudocompact and Cp(X) is normal,(iv) X is an infinite generalized ordered space.Moreover, K(Cp(X)) is not a lattice when X is an infinite Corson compact space, and for every space X, K(Cp(Cp(X))) is not a lattice. Finally, we list some unsolved problems.
Elastic, thermoelastic and piezoelectric properties of 11 new bis(alkylammonium) and bis(polyalkylammonium) zirconium bis(nitrilotriacetates)
Authors: Haussühl Eiken , Haussühl Siegfried , Tillmanns Ekkehart 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Single crystals with dimensions up to 20 × 20 × 20 mm3 of 11 new bis(alkylammonium) zirconium bis(nitrilotriacetates) have been grown from aqueous solutions. Their elastic and thermoelastic properties were derived from ultrasonic resonant frequencies of plane-parallel plates and their shift upon variation of temperature, respectively. All of these crystal species belong to the monoclinic or orthorhombic crystal systems. The majority possesses an acentric crystal structure giving rise to piezoelectric effects, which surmount the maximum longitudinal piezoelectric effect d
111 of α-quartz by a factor of two. The pyroelectric effect of two of these specimens is about three to four times larger than

π
3
σ

$\pi _3^\sigma $

of tourmaline. In addition, the tensors of thermal expansion were determined. Owing to the dominating large size of the anion most physical properties of the salts with different cations behave quite similar. Branched or more globular alkylammonium cations generate a slightly larger mean elastic stiffness than unbranched cations.
The Patient Centered Assessment Method (PCAM): Integrating the Social Dimensions of Health into Primary Care
Authors: Pratt Rebekah , Hibberd Carina , Cameron Isobel M. , Maxwell Margaret 
Published: July 2015

Background Social dimensions of health are known to contribute to what is often termed “patient complexity,” which is particularly common among patients with multimorbidity. Health-care professionals require tools to help them identify and manage these aspects of patient needs. Objectives To examine: (i) the Patient Centered Assessment Method (PCAM), a tool for assessing patient complexity in ways that are sensitive to the biopsychosocial dimensions of health, in primary care settings in Scotland; (ii) the impact of the PCAM on referral patterns and its perceived value; and (iii) the PCAM's perceived applicability for use in a complex patient population. Design Two studies are described: (i) a mixed-methods prospective cohort study of the implementation of the PCAM in primary care clinics; and (ii) a qualitative exploratory study that evaluated the value of the PCAM in a complex patient population. Results Use of the PCAM did not impact patient satisfaction or perception of practitioners’ empathy, but it did increase both the number of onward referrals per referred patient (9–12%) and the proportion of referrals to non-medical services addressing psychological, social, and lifestyle needs. Nurses valued the PCAM, particularly its ability to help them address psychological and social domains of patients’ lives, and found it to be highly relevant for use in populations with known high complexity. Conclusions The PCAM represents a feasible approach for assessing patient needs with consideration to the social dimensions of health, and allows practitioners to refer patients to a broader range of services to address patient complexity.
The State of Federal Research Funding in Genetics as Reflected by Members of the Genetics Society of America
Authors: Rine Jasper , Fagen Adam P 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Scientific progress runs on the intellect, curiosity, and passion of its practitioners fueled by the research dollars of its sponsors. The concern over research funding in biology in general and genetics in particular led us to survey the membership of the Genetics Society of America for information about the federal support of genetics at the level of individual principal investigators. The results paint a mosaic of circumstances—some good, others not so good—that describes some of our present challenges with sufficient detail to suggest useful steps that could address the challenges.
Procesamiento de imágenes para reconocimiento de daños causados por plagas en el cultivo de Begonia semperflorens (flor de azúcar)
Authors: Cáceres Flórez Camilo Andrés , Ramos Sandoval Olga Lucia , Amaya Hurtado Dario 
Published: July 2015

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en el reconocimiento de plagas utilizando la visión de máquina por computador como elemento de diagnóstico. La captura de las imágenes se realizó por medio de un agente robótico aéreo (drone) equipado con una cámara, lo que permitió capturar las imáge-nes del estado de las hojas de un cultivo de la planta conocida como ‘flor de azúcar’ (Begonia semperflo-rens). Estas imágenes fueron procesadas utilizando técnicas de visión de máquina con el fin de identificar el posible ataque de plagas en el cultivo. Las técnicas utilizadas corresponden a filtros morfo-lógicos, difuminado gaussiano y filtrado HSL. Como resultado principal de este trabajo se detectaron perforaciones de hojas ocasionadas por el ataque de plagas, específicamente babosas, caracoles, arañas rojas y minadoras.<div id="__if72ru4sdfsdfrkjahiuyi_once" style="display: none;"> </div><div id="__zsc_once"> </div><div id="__if72ru4sdfsdfruh7fewui_once" style="display: none;"> </div><div id="__hggasdgjhsagd_once" style="display: none;"> </div>