bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor thickness as a prognostic factor in extramammary Paget's disease
Authors: Ito Takamichi , Kaku Yumiko , Nagae Konosuke , Nakano‐Nakamura Misa , Nakahara Takeshi , Oda Yoshinao , Hagihara Akihito , Furue Masutaka , Uchi Hiroshi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractExtramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare tumor and a widely accepted classification system specific for the disease has not been established. To elucidate prognostic factors of EMPD, we conducted a retrospective review of 145 patients with 155 EMPD lesions and investigated clinicopathological factors using univariate and multivariate analyses. We also explored tumor thickness and metastatic lymph nodes using detection analysis to determine cut‐off points for survival. All patients were Japanese (88 men and 57 women), with EMPD in the genital (82.8%), perianal (3.4%) and axillary regions (1.4%). In the remaining cases (12.4%), there were lesions at two or more regions. Univariate analysis revealed the following prognostic factors: perianal location, presence of nodules, invasion depth, tumor thickness, number of metastatic nodes and serum carcinoembryonic antigen level. Both tumor thickness and perianal location retained statistical significance in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.72; P = 0.0024; hazard ratio, 50.72; 95% confidence interval, 4.20–612.63; P = 0.0020; respectively). The signal detection analysis indicated tumor thickness of more than 3 mm and three or more metastatic lymph nodes as cut‐off points for survival. In conclusion, tumor thickness and the number of metastatic lymph nodes closely correlated with patient outcome and these factors could be suitable for the tumor and node classification.
Effect of inhibition proliferation in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells by cytokine‐induced killer cells
Authors: Li Dengrui , Guo Sumin , Li Hui , Zhu Guiyun , Gao Li , Xin Xin , Yan Dandan , Li Xiuwu , Geng Shujun , Hou Hongwei , Yang Yonghui 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundAdenocarcinoma, the most common form of lung cancer, is one of main human malignant tumors. In this paper, we focus on the effect of antitumor activity of cytokine‐induced killer (CIK) cells on human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549.MethodsCIK cells were obtained by inducing peripheral blood mononuclear cells with recombinant human (rh) interferon‐gamma, monoclonal anti‐CD3 antibody, rh interleukin (IL)‐1alpha, and rhIL‐2, which were added into the culture. A549 cell viability of CIK cells was determined using MTS assay. Flow cytometry (FCM) experiments were performed to detect cell cycle changes. The expression of P27 in A549 cells treated by CIK cells was evaluated by Western blot.ResultThe percentage of CD3+CD16+CD56+ T cells in a representative peripheral blood mononucleated cell sample was 33.7 ± 1.3%. CIK cells, in dose and time dependent manners, inhibited the proliferation of A549. FCM demonstrated that A549 cells were accumulated in G2/M and G0/G1 phases when treated with CIK cells. FCM was used to analyze whether A549 cells treated with CIK cells induced apotosis or necrosis at 10:1 or 20:1. Compared to the control group, P27 was prominently upregulated in the CIK treated group.ConclusionWe propose that the pharmacological mechanisms of A549 cells inhibited by CIK cells can be estimated to possibly elicit different biological significance, which, in part, can be ascribed to a different mass transport rate in vitro.
The Determinants and Consequences of Information Acquisition via EDGAR
Authors: Drake Michael S. , Roulstone Darren T. , Thornock Jacob R. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractUsing a novel data set that tracks all web traffic on the SEC's EDGAR servers from 2008 to 2011, we examine the determinants and capital market consequences of investor information acquisition of SEC filings. The average user employs the database very few times per quarter and most users target specific filing types such as periodic accounting reports; a small subset of users employ EDGAR almost daily and access many filings. EDGAR activity is positively related with corporate events (particularly restatements, earnings announcements, and acquisition announcements), poor stock performance, and the strength of a firm's information environment. EDGAR activity is related to, but distinct from, other proxies of investor interest such as trading volume, business press articles, and Google searches. Finally, information acquisition via EDGAR, both to obtain earnings news and to provide context for it, has a positive influence on market efficiency with respect to earnings news. Overall, our results are important because they provide a unique, user‐based perspective on investor access of mandatory disclosures and its impact on price formation.
Transrectal ultrasound‐guided biopsy sepsis and the rise in carbapenem antibiotic use
Authors: Leahy Olivia R. , O'Reilly Mary , Dyer David R. , Phillips David , Grummet Jeremy P. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundThis study sought to determine the number of hospital admissions for sepsis following transrectal ultrasound‐guided (TRUS) biopsy, and the rate of both prophylactic and therapeutic use of carbapenem antibiotics for TRUS biopsy, at a single institution.MethodsA retrospective review of prospectively collected data from the medical records electronic database of Cabrini Health, a private metropolitan hospital, was queried for coding of admissions under any admitting urologist for sepsis and prostate‐related infections from 2009 to 2012. Records were examined for whether a TRUS biopsy had been performed within 14 days prior and if a therapeutic carbapenem was required. The database also queried the use of carbapenems as prophylaxis in patients undergoing TRUS biopsy.ResultsOf the 63 admissions for TRUS biopsy sepsis, multi‐drug‐resistant organisms were isolated from 26 (41%). Twenty‐three admissions were from the 1937 patients who underwent a TRUS biopsy at Cabrini (a sepsis rate of 1.2%) and 40 were following TRUS biopsies at other centres. Thirty‐seven (58.7%) patients received therapeutic carbapenems either empirically, or after culture results. Of the 1937 Cabrini TRUS biopsy patients, 154 (8%) were given a carbapenem as prophylaxis, with a rapid increase in prophylactic use over the 4 years studied from 0.25% to 13%.ConclusionThis study did not show evidence of an increasing rate of hospital admissions for TRUS biopsy sepsis at this institution. However, there was a dramatic uptake in prophylactic administration of carbapenems. Increasing carbapenem use may contribute to development of carbapenem‐resistant bacteria. Alternative methods of prostate biopsy that avoid sepsis should be considered.
A workshop report on the development of the Cow's Milk‐related Symptom Score awareness tool for young children
Authors: Vandenplas Yvan , Dupont Christophe , Eigenmann Philippe , Host Arne , Kuitunen Mikael , Ribes‐Koninckx Carmen , Shah Neil , Shamir Raanan , Staiano Annamaria , Szajewska Hania , Von Berg Andrea 
Published: December 2014

AbstractClinicians with expertise in managing children with gastrointestinal problems and/or atopic diseases attended a workshop in Brussels in September 2014 to review the literature and determine whether a clinical score derived from symptoms associated with the ingestion of cow's milk proteins could help primary healthcare providers. The Cow's Milk‐related Symptom Score (CoMiSS), which considers general manifestations, dermatological, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms, was developed as an awareness tool for cow's milk‐related symptoms. It can also be used to evaluate and quantify the evolution of symptoms during therapeutic interventions, but does not diagnose cow's milk protein allergy and does not replace a food challenge. Its usefulness needs to be evaluated by a prospective randomised study.ConclusionThe CoMiSS provides primary healthcare clinicians with a simple, fast and easy‐to‐use awareness tool for cow's milk‐related symptoms.
Methadone dose in heroin‐dependent patients: role of clinical factors, comedications, genetic polymorphisms and enzyme activity
Authors: Mouly Stéphane , Bloch Vanessa , Peoc'h Katell , Houze Pascal , Labat Laurence , Ksouda Kamilia , Simoneau Guy , Declèves Xavier , Bergmann Jean Francois , Scherrmann Jean‐Michel , Laplanche Jean‐Louis , Lepine Jean‐Pierre , Vorspan Florence 
Published: December 2014

AimsMethadone is characterized by wide intersubject variability regarding the dose needed to obtain full therapeutic response. We assessed the influence of sociodemographic, ethnic, clinical, metabolic and genotypic variables on methadone maintenance dose requirement in opioid‐dependent responder patients.MethodsEighty‐one stable patients (60 men and 21 women, 43.7 ± 8.1 years old, 63.1 ± 50.9 mg day−1 methadone), divided into quartiles with respect to the median daily dose, were enrolled and underwent clinical examination, treatment history and determination of liver/intestinal cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 activity measured by the midazolam test, R,S‐methadone trough concentration and clinically significant polymorphisms of the OPRM1, DRD2, COMT, ABCB1, CYP2B6, CYP3A5, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 genes.ResultsMethadone maintenance dose was correlated to the highest dose ever used (r2 = 0.57, P < 0.0001). Fractioned methadone intake (odds ratio 4.87, 95% confidence interval 1.27–18.6, P = 0.02), bodyweight (odds ratio 1.57, 95% confidence interval 1.01–2.44, P = 0.04), history of cocaine dependence (80 vs. 44 mg day−1 in never‐addict patients, P = 0.005) and ethnicity (Asian > Caucasian > African, P = 0.04) were independently associated with high‐dose methadone in multiple regression analysis. A modest correlation was observed between liver/intestinal CYP3A4 activity and methadone dose at steady state (Spearman rank correlation coefficient [rs] = 0.21, P = 0.06) but not with highest dose ever used (rs = 0.15, P = 0.18) or dose‐normalized R,S‐methadone trough concentrations (rs = −0.05, P = 0.64). Concomitant CYP3A4 inhibitors only affected the relationship between methadone dose and R,S‐methadone trough concentration. None of the genetic polymorphisms explored was predictive of the methadone maintenance dose.ConclusionsMethadone maintenance dose was predicted by sociodemographic and clinical variables rather than genetic polymorphisms or liver/intestinal CYP3A4 activity in stable patients.
Men and women with fibromyalgia: Relation between attentional function and clinical symptoms
Authors: Miró Elena , Martínez María P. , Sánchez Ana I. , Prados Germán , Lupiáñez Juan 
Published: December 2014

ObjectivesThis study was the first to explore whether individuals with fibromyalgia (FM) have different cognitive alterations (i.e., in alertness, orienting, and executive control) depending on their sex. We also analysed possible gender differences in the relationships between cognitive functioning and some of the main symptoms of FM.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsTwo clinical groups with FM (n = 58 women and n = 20 men) and two healthy control groups (n = 21 women and n = 27 men) aged between 30 and 60 years old participated in this study. Pain intensity, sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and daily functioning were evaluated with self‐report measures. Attentional function was assessed with the ANT‐I task (Attentional Network Test‐Interactions).ResultsMixed ANOVAs showed impairment in vigilance and executive control in both male and female patients with FM compared with controls. Control men were faster than control women, but FM eliminated sex differences. In addition, attention deficit was associated with worse daily functioning in women but not in men with FM. Emotional distress and sleep disruption seemed to contribute differently to these cognitive alterations in both sexes.ConclusionsTherapy strategies aimed at reducing emotional distress and sleep disruption are likely to improve cognitive function by enhancing vigilance. Therapies aimed at reducing emotional distress seem to improve attentional function more in women than in men; those aimed at improving sleep quality are likely to reduce a vigilance/alertness deficit in women and executive problems in men.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

As the prevalence of FM is much lower in males than females, the literature about the syndrome has developed focusing basically on women. Before determining whether sex is an influential variable in the diagnosis and treatment of FM, it is essential to identify the characteristics of FM in women and men. No studies have analysed the cognitive function of men with FM.

What does this study add?

This study provides insight on the cognitive function of men with FM. We also found several interesting relationships between attentional indexes and clinical symptoms that are different according to sex. We suggest several implications of our findings for the management of this syndrome.
Immediate vs. delayed loading in the posterior mandible: a split‐mouth study with up to 15 years of follow‐up
Authors: Romanos Georgios E. , Aydin Erhan , Locher Kathrin , Nentwig Georg‐Hubertus 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the long‐term clinical and radiographic outcomes of implants that were immediately loaded in a prospective, randomized, split‐mouth clinical trial in the posterior mandible.Materials and methodsPatients with alveolar ridges that were bilaterally edentulous distal to the canines were enrolled to participate. On one randomly selected side of each patient's jaw, three implants (control group) with platform switching and a progressive thread design were placed, allowed to heal for 3 months, uncovered, and loaded occlusally using resin‐splinted crowns, which then were replaced 6 weeks later by final prostheses. Three additional implants (test group) of the same size and design were placed on the contralateral side of each patient in symmetrical locations. The test implants were connected to their final abutments immediately after placement and immediately loaded. Periodontal indices and bone loss were evaluated at regular intervals.ResultsAfter a mean loading period of 12.14 (±0.89) years for the test group and 12.40 (±0.89) years for controls, differences between the immediately and delayed loaded implants were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The crestal bone loss was (mesial) 0.70 (±1.09) mm (test group) and 1.17 (±1.27) mm (control group) and the distal bone loss was 0.43 (±1.02) mm (test group) and 1.06 (±1.33) mm (control group) (P > 0.05). The maximum crestal bone loss was 3.12 mm for the test group and 3.78 mm for the controls after 10.125/10.397 years, respectively.ConclusionImmediate loading does not negatively influence the long‐term prognosis of dental implants in the posterior mandible, improves the implant stability, and is associated with minimal crestal bone loss when platform switching and a one‐abutment concept with a Morse‐tapered connection are used.
MRI defaecography in patients with faecal incontinence
Authors: Melchior C. , Bridoux V. , Touchais O. , Savoye‐Collet C. , Leroi A.‐M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAimFaecal incontinence (FI) requires careful assessment of its aetiology to determine the most effective treatment. The aims of this study were to evaluate MRI defaecography in FI and to compare it with clinical examination combined with rigid rectoscopy in assessing the pelvic floor in patients with FI.MethodConsecutive patients with FI referred over a 3‐year period to our tertiary centre for MRI defaecography were retrospectively studied. MRI images of the pelvic floor were compared with clinical examination and anuscopy and rectoscopy.ResultsSeventy‐four female patients [mean age 60.5 (30.0–81.0) years] were recruited. MRI defaecography showed conditions which often overlapped, including internal intussusception in 19 (25.7%) and pelvic floor descent in 24 (32.4%). There was average agreement between MRI and clinical examination for a significant anterior rectocoele (κ = 0.40) and poor agreement between MRI and anuscopy/rectoscopy for intra‐rectal (κ = 0.06) and intra‐anal intussusception (κ = 0.11).ConclusionOther than for anterior rectocoele, there is poor correlation between MRI defaecography and clinical examination with rigid rectoscopy. MRI can detect a variety of abnormal static and dynamic pelvic disorders. This includes enterocoele, which could result in a modification of the surgical approach to intussusception and anterior rectocoele.
Prevalence of atrial fibrillation and association of previous antithrombotic treatment in patients with cerebral microbleeds
Authors: Horstmann S. , Möhlenbruch M. , Wegele C. , Rizos T. , Laible M. , Rauch G. , Veltkamp R. 
Published: December 2014

Background and purposeCerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are associated with an increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. The impact of oral anticoagulation (OAC) on CMBs is not well characterized. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of CMBs in stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and to analyze the implications of previous treatment with OAC.MethodsIn this retrospective analysis on data from a prospectively recruiting stroke registry, patients with ischaemic stroke or TIA with brain magnetic resonance imaging including susceptibility weighted imaging were consecutively enrolled during a 3‐year period. For each patient cardiovascular risk factors, AF history and recent diagnosis of AF, present use of OAC and antiplatelets, the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale and the premorbid modified Rankin Scale score were recorded. Two independent raters identified CMBs according to consensus criteria. CMB location was classified as lobar, deep or in the posterior fossa.ResultsIn all, 785 patients (mean age 63.9 ± 14.2 years) were included. At least one CMB was detected in 186 (23.7%) patients. CMBs were significantly more frequent in patients with AF (30.5% vs. 22.4%). Patients with previous OAC treatment were more likely to have CMBs (36.7% vs. 22.8%, P = 0.03) and abundant CMBs (n > 10) were more frequent in anticoagulated patients even after adjustment for age. However, age was the only independent factor predicting CMBs (P = 0.001).ConclusionsCerebral microbleeds are common in elderly AF patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Previous OAC is associated with a higher number of CMBs predominantly in the lobar location. Establishing a causal relationship requires prospective longitudinal investigation.
Navigational ultrasound imaging: A novel imaging tool for aiding interventional therapies of equine musculoskeletal injuries
Authors: Lustgarten M. , Redding W. R. , Schnabel L. V. , Prange T. , Seiler G. S. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryReasons for performing studyNavigational ultrasound imaging, also known as fusion imaging, is a novel technology that allows real‐time ultrasound imaging to be correlated with a previously acquired computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. It has been used in man to aid interventional therapies and has been shown to be valuable for sampling and assessing lesions diagnosed with MRI or CT that are equivocal on ultrasonography. To date, there are no reports of the use of this modality in veterinary medicine.ObjectivesTo assess whether navigational ultrasound imaging can be used to assist commonly performed interventional therapies for the treatment of equine musculoskeletal injuries diagnosed with MRI and determine the appropriateness of regional anatomical landmarks as registration sites.Study designRetrospective, descriptive clinical study.MethodsHorses with musculoskeletal injuries of the distal limb diagnosed with MRI scheduled for ultrasound‐guided interventional therapies were evaluated (n = 17 horses with a total of 29 lesions). Anatomical landmarks used for image registration for the navigational procedure were documented. Accuracy of lesion location and success of the procedure were assessed subjectively and described using a grading scale.ResultsAll procedures were accurately registered using regional anatomical landmarks and considered successful based on our criteria. Anatomical landmarks were described for each lesion type. The addition of navigational imaging was considered to greatly aid the procedures in 59% of cases and added information to the remainder of the procedures. The technique was considered to improve the precision of these interventional procedures.ConclusionsNavigational ultrasound imaging is a complementary imaging modality that can be used for the treatment of equine soft tissue musculoskeletal injuries diagnosed with MRI.
A review of competencies needed for health librarians – a comparison of Irish and international practice
Authors: Lawton Aoife , Burns Jane 
Published: December 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this review was to uncover areas of competence which may lead to a baseline of skills for health librarians. A baseline could inform personal development plans for health librarians, criteria for job descriptions and curriculum for library and information science (LIS) courses.MethodsThis research outlines existing competencies for librarians working in health care as defined by library associations, recent job descriptions and a mapping review of the library and information science literature. This is performed in the context of librarians working in the Irish health system with examples of practice drawn from the Irish experience.ResultsTen areas of competence were found to be common to three of five library associations, which were also common to recent job descriptions. The literature reveals an ever changing working environment for librarians working in health with opportunities for new and evolving roles.ConclusionsThe challenge for librarians moving into these roles will be to stay relevant and to keep skills updated in a rapidly moving health and information environment.
Evaluation of apically extruded debris during root canal retreatment with several NiTi systems
Authors: Dincer A. N. , Er O. , Canakci B. C. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAimTo compare the amount of debris extruded apically during root canal retreatment using ProTaper, Mtwo and Reciproc instruments with hand H‐files.MethodologyIn total, 60 freshly extracted human mandibular incisor teeth were used. All root canals were prepared with a Reciproc R25 file than filled with Gutta‐percha and AH Plus sealer using cold lateral condensation before being assigned randomly to four groups (n = 15 each). In group 1, root fillings were removed with the Protaper Universal retreatment system; ProTaper Universal F3 and F4 instruments were used for the final preparation. In group 2, root fillings were removed with the Mtwo retreatment system; Mtwo size 30, .06 taper, size 35, .06 taper and size 40, .06 taper files were used for the final preparation. In group 3, root fillings were removed with Reciproc R25 instruments; Reciproc R40 instruments were used for the final preparation. In group 4, the root fillings were removed with Gates Glidden burs and sizes 35, 30 and 25 H‐files; for final preparation, a size 40 H‐file was used. Glass vials were used for debris collection. The vials were weighed before and after Gutta‐percha removal. Additionally, the times required for the retreatment procedures were recorded. Data were analysed statistically using one‐way analysis of variance.ResultsThe Reciproc system produced significantly smaller amounts of apical extruded debris than the other groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the Mtwo, H‐file and ProTaper groups. The ProTaper and Reciproc groups required significantly less time than the Mtwo and H‐file groups (P < 0.001).ConclusionsUse of the reciprocating single file system resulted in the extrusion of significantly less debris compared with the full‐sequence rotary NiTi instruments and hand filing. Use of the ProTaper and Reciproc instruments required less time for retreatment procedures than use of the Mtwo or H‐file.