bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solids Control Device Optimised For Proper Occupational Hygiene
Authors: Larsson Andreas , Blikra Harald , Florvaag Magnus , Vasshus Jan Kristian , Malmin Arne , Grelland Tore , Stokknes Arne , Saasen Arild 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTo obtain acceptable working environment in the shaker room has been a long lasting challenge. A new solids control system based on a vacuum conveyer system (VCS) has been developed to meet this challenge. The VCS uses a slowly rotating screen. Instead of using high gravity forces as being done on conventional shale shakers, the VCS uses a horizontally vibrating screen with a pressure difference to separate drilling waste from the drilling fluid. The use of this technology has several benefits. The absence of the high G collision forces reduces degradation of cuttings sizes and thereby reduces the fluid on cuttings. The VCS has a self cleaning device preventing blinding of the screen. The solids control system is built into an enclosed cabinet eliminating hydrocarbon mist and vapour. Furthermore, the system significantly reduces vibrations in the shaker room.The current paper outlines the VCS performance on the first series of regular applications on the jack-up drilling rig Maersk Giant. The improved occupational hygiene conditions are verified along with proper solids control performance.
New Insights into the Mechanism of Mobility Reduction by Associative Type Copolymers
Authors: Reichenbach-Klinke Roland , Stavland Arne , Langlotz Björn , Wenzke Benjamin , Brodt Gregor 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
New thickeners based on associative properties and their application in enhanced oil recovery are discussed. The new thickeners are anionic, water-soluble, hydrophobically modified copolymers.
The rheological properties as well as the flow properties in porous media have been evaluated. In bulk the polymer viscosity is shear thinning and the viscosity vs. shear rate profile is comparable with other synthetic EOR polymers. For most of the other tested parameters, the new thickeners differ from what is assumed as the standard properties for EOR polymers. The relative viscosity increases by increasing the temperature, especially at low shear rates. The core flood experiments revealed a significant mobility reduction in sandstone cores, both at ambient and elevated temperature. The mobility reduction demonstrated strongly shear thinning behavior. For standard EOR polymers the main contribution to the mobility reduction and improved mobility ratio is the polymer viscosity, while for the new thickeners the mobility reduction seems to be dominated by reversible polymer retention that is lowering the permeability. Post water injection resulted in low permeability reduction. However, the time to regain the permeability was significant.
Flood experiments with the associative polymer in Bentheim sandstone cores showed significantly increased oil production. The incremental oil recovery was interpreted by the capillary number which due to the high mobility reduction exceeded the critical capillary number. Because of the high mobility reduction a further increase in oil production would have been possible by only slight reduction of the oil-water interfacial tension by addition of small amounts of a surfactant. Moreover the new associative polymer seems to be more shear stable than other synthetic EOR polymers.
Reducing Brownfield Development Costs via Improved Drilling Practice and Enhanced Understanding of Wellbore Instability in Weak Formations
Authors: Stevenson N. , Kvevik G. , Mañalac E. , Persson C. , Dorr J. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The combination of geological risk evaluation and enhanced drilling practice recently increased the efficiency of drilling and completion of a reservoir section on the Snorre field. This resulted in increased reservoir exposure and cost savings (5m $), and was achieved without requiring expensive, or complex, new technology.
Experience and data acquisition over many years in the nearby mature Statfjord Field have led to the development of best practice procedures and methods to increase the success of drilling and completion operations. The implementation of similar methodology in the Snorre Field has been successful, and the results will be described in detail in this paper.
Wellbore stability in the Snorre reservoir has been challenging since field development commenced in 1990. Wellbore sidetracks due to collapse of incohesive formation occurred, particularly in inter-bedded fluvial sand and weak paleosol sequences of the Statfjord Group.
A multi-disciplinary analysis was performed of historical wellbore stability incidents spanning well planning, drilling practice, drilling fluids, rock mechanics and geology. From the analysis revised well planning guidelines, drilling practice, BHA design, data acquisition and wellsite geology practices were recommended and adopted.
The recommendations of this work were first applied successfully on the Snorre field to the drilling of well A in 2012. The 8½" section of the well was drilled without sidetrack, to greater length, at higher inclination and in less time than recent wells through the same formation. Significant sections of incohesive paleosol were exposed during drilling, but presented only minor problems. A 7" liner was run to TD and the wellbore cemented successfully.
The introduction of new drilling practice in the Snorre Field, and its impact on wellbore stability, through change management and detailed risk assessment of individual well operations contributed strongly to the successful outcome. Additionally, selection of an appropriate BHA enabled enhanced understanding of borehole conditions.
How does harvest size vary with hunting season length?
Authors: Sunde Peter , Asferg Tommy 
Published: June 2014

Manipulating hunting season length is often used as a population management tool but the effects of these changes on total harvest have rarely been studied. We modelled relative changes in national annual bag size as a function of relative change in hunting season length in 63 cases involving 28 species in Denmark (1957–2007). The duration of the hunting season, initially lasting 30–365 days, was modified to 39–204% of the former length. The undifferentiated effect of season length change on bag size change (all 63 cases) was not statistically significant (b = 0.16, 95%CI: ‐0.04–0.36), with a 10% (95%CI: ‐3–22%) predicted decrease in bag size upon a 50% reduction of season length. However, the functional relationship between the relative change in bag size and the change in season length differed between sedentary and non‐sedentary species and interacted with the motivation behind changing season length (population management/ethical/other). In non‐sedentary species, changes in bag size correlated positively with changes in season length (overall response: b = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.14–0.95): reducing the hunting season to 50% of its initial length would on average result in a 31% reduction (95% CI: 9–48%) of total bag size. This overall effect interacted with the motivation for season length changes, being strongest for ‘other reasons’ (mainly harmonization of hunting periods for related species) but was absent when seasons were changed for reasons of ‘population management’. In sedentary species, changes in season length had no effect on bag size. Our results suggest that manipulating hunting seasons of duration ≥ 1 month by less than 50% is generally inefficient as a means of predictably changing harvest rates. This may be because recreational hunters either invest a fixed effort or aim for a specific yield within a given season, neither strategy being affected by changes in hunting seasons.
Middle ear disease and cochlear implant function
Authors: Dixon Joshua F. , Shinn Jennifer B. , Adkins Meg , Hardin Bryan D. , Bush Matthew L. 
Published: June 2014

Objectives and methods:
It has been our clinical observation that active middle ear disease (MED) temporally corresponds to a transient decrease in cochlear implant (CI) function, specifically at the apical electrodes. This is non-intuitive as CI function is thought to be independent of middle ear aeration and inflammation. The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate how active MED negatively affects both subjective hearing complaints and objective impedance measures in a CI patient.

Results:
Subjective hearing decreased and impedances levels increased significantly when the patient was experiencing active MED. No significant changes in these measures occurred when there was no active MED.

Conclusions:
MED may affect CI function in some patients requiring adjustments in programming at times of involvement.
Detection and gB genotyping of CMV in Mexican preterm infants in the context of maternal seropositivity
Authors: Arellano-Galindo José , Villanueva-García Dina , Cruz-Ramirez José Luis , Yalaupari-Mejìa Juan Pablo , Uribe-Gutiérrez Gabriel , Velazquez-Guadarrama Norma , Nava-Frias Margarita , Munoz-Hernández Onofre , Mejía-Arangure Juan Manuel 
Published: June 2014

Introduction: Congenital (CI) and perinatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections (PI) can be linked to maternal CMV seropositivity, with fatal consequences in preterm newborns. GB genotyping has been used to analyze genotypic similarity in mothers and infants. The frequency of CMV infection in the context of maternal seropositivity and the viral gB genotypes as well as the genotypic similarity in mothers and preterm infants were investigated. Methodology: Saliva samples and dry blood spots (DBS) were taken weekly from preterm newborns from birth until the first month of life, and breast milk samples were taken from their mothers weekly during the first month of lactation. CMV IgG seroprevalence of the mothers and CI or PI in the infants were established. The gB status and genotypic similarities were established retrospectively in DBS and in the breast milk samples. Results: In total, 387 neonates and 375 mothers were enrolled. The maternal CMV-positive IgG serology was 97.3% (365/375). Neonatal CMV was found in 5.1% (20/387) of newborns, and one infant presented with CMV-compatible symptoms. CI was 2.5% and PI in the first month after birth was 11.8%. GB2 was the most prevalent genotype and was also the genotype preferentially transmitted to newborns by mothers with mixed infections. Conclusions: CMV PI and CI in preterm infants from highly seropositive mothers was high, but the rate of symptomatic infection was low. The prevalent genotype was gB2, and this genotype was preferentially transmitted to newborns by mothers with mixed infections.
Evaluation of Protective Effect of Propolis on Parotid Salivary Glands in Gamma-irradiated Rats
Authors: Motallebnejad Mina , Abedi Seyed Mohammad , Seyedmajidi M , Moghadamnia AA , Ashrafpour M , Salehi M , Moslemi D , Ghorbani A 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective and background
One of the most significant side effects of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers is xerostomia as a result of salivary gland damage. Considering pharmacological effects of propolis, we evaluated its protective effect on salivary glands subjected to radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients.

Materials and methods
Twenty-one male albino rats (8-11 W, 190 ± 5 gm) were divided into three groups of seven animals. Scintigraphy was performed in all the groups. Then groups 1 (S) and 2 (SR) received normal saline injections and group 3 (PR) received propolis injection over 3 days. After that groups 2 and 3 were exposed to gamma radiation and all the rats underwent scintigraphic assessment on third day and 70th day after irradiation. The lips and tongues of rats in groups 2 and 3 were examined for mucositis daily in first 10 days. At the end, the parotid glands of all rats were examined histologically.

Results
Scintigraphy results of third and 70th day after irradiation showed statistically significant differences between PR and SR as well as SR and S. However, there was no significant difference between the PR and S groups. Histopathologic assessment demonstrated significant difference between SR, PR and S.

Conclusion
These results suggest that propolis has protective effects on salivary gland function in animal models whilst it did not prevent radiation-induced histologic changes in tissues. Further investigations are needed to elucidate mechanisms of propolis actions.

Clinical significance
Regarding to the results of this study, propolis may be useful in reduction xerostomia due to radiation to salivary glands and may be helpful for head and neck cancer patients.

How to cite this article
Motallebnejad M, Abedi SM, Seyedmajidi M, Moghadamnia AA, Ashrafpour M, Salehi M, Moslemi D, Ghorbani A. Evaluation of Protective Effect of Propolis on Parotid Salivary Glands in Gamma-irradiated Rats. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):8-11.
Comparative Evaluation of Cariogenic and Erosive Potential of Commonly Prescribed Pediatric Liquid Medicaments: An in vitro Study
Authors: Nankar Meenakshi , Walimbe Hrishikesh , Bijle Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed , Kontham Ujwal , Kamath Ananth , Muchandi Sneha 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionLiquid oral medicines being the most accepted form of medication in children are frequently prescribed. The harmful effects of these liquid medicaments on a child's dental health are not known to many. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the cariogenic and erosive potential of 5 most commonly prescribed pediatric liquid medicaments (PLM) in Pimpri Chinchwad and Pune city, Pune district.Materials and methodsMost commonly prescribed PLM in Pune district were selected as opined by 50 pediatricians. The selected medicaments were Syr. Augmentin®Duo, Syr. Valparin®, Syr. Combiflam®, Syr. Visyneral and Syr. Orofer®. An estimation of pH, percentage of sucrose concentration and calcium dissolving capacity of these preparations was carried out. The results as obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS v 17.0 for windows. The statistical test as undertaken was Pearson's correlation coefficient(r).ResultsSucrose was seen to be present in Syr. Combiflam® (35.75% ± 0.25%) and Syr. Visyneral (18.48% ± 0.43%). Acidic pH was observed for Syr. Visyneral (mean pH 3.63 ± 0.04), Syr. Combiflam® (mean pH 5.03 ± 0.02) and Syr. Augmentin® (mean pH 6.22 ± 0.02). Highest calcium dissolution was seen with Syr. Combiflam® (295.86 mg/ml) and the least with Syr. Orofer® (25.51 mg/ml). No statistical significant correlation was observed with calcium dissolution potential of PLM in comparison with their respective pH.ConclusionSyr. Combiflam® can be regarded as the highest cariogenic and erosive potential medicament among the compared and tested PLM.Clinical significanceConsidering syrups with high cariogenic and erosive potential should always follow with proper oral hygiene practices or search for an alternative drugs void of such detrimental effects.How to cite this articleNankar M, Walimbe H, Bijle MNA, Kontham U, Kamath A, Muchandi S. Comparative Evaluation of Cariogenic and Erosive Potential of Commonly Prescribed Pediatric Liquid Medicaments: Anin vitroStudy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):20-25.
Evaluation of Occlusal Contacts among Different Groups of Malocclusion using 3D Digital Models
Authors: Al-Rayes Naim Z , Hajeer Mohammad Y 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Objectives
(1) To evaluate the applicability of using 3D digital models in the assessment of the magnitude of occlusal contacts by measuring occlusal contact surface areas (OCSAs) and 3D mesh points in ‘contact’ (OCMPs) in a sample of orthodontic patients; (2) To detect any sex differences in the magnitude of occlusal contacts in all malocclusion groups; (3) To detect intergroup differences; (4) To assess possible correlations between occlusal contacts and other dental characteristics.

Materials and methods
Study casts of 120 malocclusion patients were selected and divided into 4 groups (class I division 1, class II division 1, class II division 2, class III) with equal numbers for both sexes. 3D digital models were produced using O3DM™ technology. Occlusal contacts were quantified using two methods of measuring.

Results
(1) No significant sexual differences were detected for OCMPs (mesh points) and OCSAs (mm2) in all groups. (2) There were statistically significant differences among malocclusion groups for OCMPs and OCSAs (p < 0.001). Tukey's HSD posthoc tests showed that class III patients had significantly less occlusal contacts than other malocclusion groups. (3) Stepwise multiple regression equations showed that overjet, lower arch width and overbite could explain approximately 19.5% of the total variance of OCSAs and OCMPs.

Conclusion
Sexual differences in occlusal contacts were not detected. Class I division 1 patients had the highest amount of occlusal contacts among all groups of malocclusion. Overjet, overbite and lower dental arch width were best predictors of occlusal contacts in the current sample.

How to cite this article
Al-Rayes NZ, Hajeer MY. Evaluation of Occlusal Contacts among Different Groups of Malocclusion using 3D Digital Models. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):46-55.
Knowledge of and Management Attitude regarding Dentin Hypersensitivity among Dentists from a West African Country
Authors: Benoist Fatou Leye , Ndiaye Fatou Gaye , Faye Babacar , Bane Khaly , Ngom Papa Ibrahima , Ndong Pierre Marie Koumakh 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of the present study was to assess knowledge of, and management attitude of dentists regarding Dentin hypersensitivity.

Materials and methods
The study involved all the dentists from private and public sectors, exerting in Senegal. The following data were requested from the surveyed dentists using an anonymous questionnaire; sociodemographics (i.e. age, gender, area of activity, etc.) and knowledge on triggering factor, type of pain, diagnosis, preventive and curative procedures.

Results
Out of the 238 dentists who received the questionnaire, 68.9% returned properly filled forms. They were 116 males and 48 females with a mean age of 41.99 ± 8.50 years. Eighty three percent of the participants had a good understanding of the characteristics of pain related to DH and 92% recogni-zed chemical and thermal stimuli as triggering factor while mechanical stimulus was not evoked. Many responders (90.9%) did not have any idea of the mechanism for pain transmission across the dentin. Regarding diagnosis technique, 68% use mechanical stimuli to elicit DH pain.
Regarding management procedure, the use of desensitizing tooth paste is the mostly chosen option followed by professional topical application of fluoride. More than 1/3rd of the surveyed dentists confess resorting to root canal to manage DH.

Conclusion
We recommend incorporation of basic science knowledge on orofacial pain and competencies to manage painful conditions like dentin hypersensitivity. Also, Health regulatory institutions should make continuing dental education a requirement to preserve the dental licensure.

How to cite this article
Benoist FL, Ndiaye FG, Faye B, Bane K, Ngom PI, Ndong PMK. Knowledge of and Management Attitude regarding Dentin Hypersensitivity among Dentists from a West African Country. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):86-91.
Oral Impacts on Daily Performance in Turkish Adults Attending a Dental School
Authors: Peker Ilkay , Alkurt Meryem Toraman 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
The purpose of this study was to evaluate oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) in Turkish adults attending a dental school by using Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) inventory.

Materials and methods
This study included 1324 patients. A modified questionnaire including sociodemographic information, questions about OHRQOL and OIDP inventory was prepared. The questions consisted of reasons and frequency for dental attendance, self-reported oral health status of the participants and number of natural teeth was recorded.

Results
The rates of participants experienced at least one OIDP impact was 65.2% and eating was the most affected item (41.6%). There was statistically significant difference between number of missing teeth-self reported oral health status, number of missing teeth-sociodemographic factors for the participants who reported at least one OIDP impact.

Conclusion
This study showed that OHRQOL of Turkish adults attending a dental school is affected several factors including sociodemographic factors, regular dental visit and number of missing teeth similarly other societies.

Clinical significance
OIDP inventory assesses impacts of oral health conditions that affect daily activities of an individual and is commonly used as OHRQOL indicator. Also, it is important self-report information of patients about changing their oral conditions and affecting daily life for the clinicians. There is insufficient data for OIDP inventory of Turkish dental patients. OHRQOL of Turkish adults was evaluated by using OIDP inventory in this study. The scale was found as a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish dental patients and was determined the relationships between this scale and several parameters.

How to cite this article
Peker I, Alkurt MT. Oral Impacts on Daily Performance in Turkish Adults Attending a Dental School. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):92-98.
The Ala-Tragus Line as a Guide for Orientation of the Occlusal Plane in Complete Dentures
Authors: Makzoumé Joseph E , Abi-Ghosn Carole , Younes Ronald 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
The use of the ala-tragus line (ATL) to orient the occlusal plane (OP) is controversial because there is a lack of agreement on the exact points of reference for this line. This study determined the relationship between the natural OP and ATL which was established by using the inferior border of the ala of the nose and (1) the superior border of the tragus (ATL1), (2) the tip (ATL2), and (3) the inferior border of the tragus (ATL3).

Materials and methods
Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken of each subject by a standard method and tracings were obtained on acetate paper to show the OP and the three ala-tragus lines. The relationship between the OP and each of ATL was measured for each subject. Mean and standard deviation values were then calculated for the relationship. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measure analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni pairwise comparisons and Student's t-test (α = 0.05).

Results
Significant differences were noted between the three mean angles (p = 0.046). The mean angle (3.275 degrees ± 2.54) formed by OP and ATL2 was significantly the smallest (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The ala-tragus line, extending from the inferior border of the ala of the nose to the tip of the tragus of the ear presented the closest relationship to the natural occlusal plane.

How to cite this article
Abi-Ghosn C, Zogheib C, Younes R, Makzoumé JE. The Ala-Tragus Line as a Guide for Orientation of the Occlusal Plane in Complete Dentures. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):108-111.
Hoe uniform is uniform?
Authors: Duk R.A.A. 
Published: June 2014

Hoe uniform is uniform?
Het Nederlandse arbeidsrecht kent naast de regeling in Boek 7 Titel 10 van het Burgerlijk Wetboek tal van bepalingen voor zogenaamde bijzondere arbeidsverhoudingen. Aandacht wordt besteed aan de verschillende bijzondere bepalingen en de mate waarin en de wijze waarop daarmee van het commune recht wordt afgeweken. Bezien wordt wat in dat verband de relatieve rol van de wetgever en van de (praktijk)jurist, ook de rechter, is.
De Nederlandse en de Duitse oproepkracht vergeleken
Authors: Vos J.R. , Dekker F.M. 
Published: June 2014

De Nederlandse en de Duitse oproepkracht vergeleken
De Wet Werk en Zekerheid beoogt de rechtspositie van flexibele arbeidskrachten te versterken. De oproepkracht komt er evenwel maar bekaaid vanaf. Aan de hand van een vergelijking met het Duitse wordt bezien op welke manier de Nederlandse wetgeving op dit punt kan worden verbeterd. Bepleit wordt de inkomensgrens uit artikel 7:628a BW te laten vervallen. Daarnaast wordt een concrete norm voorgesteld voor de toepassing van artikel 7:610b BW bij min/max-contracten.