bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using rap music to promote adolescent health: pilot study of VoxBox
Authors: Paukste Ernesta , Harris Neil 
Published: April 2015

Issue addressedAlcohol, tobacco and other drugs (ATODs) usage among adolescents, particularly those living in lower socioeconomic communities, is a population health problem in Australia that requires innovative health promotion strategies. There is a growing recognition of the potential of arts‐based approaches to engage youth in health promoting activities. This paper presents the process evaluation of the pilot VoxBox intervention that used rap to build adolescents' awareness of risks associated with ATODs.MethodsThe VoxBox intervention was piloted in Logan, Queensland, at five high schools with 18 adolescents completing the intervention. Data collection methods included observation, focus groups, semi‐structured interviews and a survey of adolescent participants.ResultsThe intervention was well received by participants and stakeholders. Three factors characterising the project's successful engagement of adolescents were: participate – go with the flow, learning from the real deal and resourced to make some noise.ConclusionIn VoxBox, the emphasis on engaging adolescents in an activity of real interest that was appropriately resourced and delivered was central to credibility and success.
Evaluation of the pilot phase of the ‘Give up smokes for good’ social marketing campaign
Authors: Maksimovic Lauren , Shen Damien , Bandick Mark , Ettridge Kerry , Eckert Marion 
Published: April 2015

Issue addressedThe prevalence of tobacco smoking among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia is comparatively high. To help combat this, an Aboriginal‐specific social marketing campaign, ‘Give up smokes for good’, was piloted in South Australia in 2011.MethodsTo evaluate the campaign, a face‐to‐face survey was conducted with two samples of convenience through Aboriginal Health services in South Australia (city and regional locations; n = 190). Surveys assessed the cultural appropriateness of the campaign, campaign awareness and recognition, knowledge of the harms of smoking and smoking/quit smoking behaviours.ResultsCampaign awareness was high with 76.3% of participants aware of at least one aspect of the campaign. Participants indicated campaign materials (posters and radio ads) to be culturally appropriate. Knowledge that smoking and passive smoking caused illness was high (85.8% and 86.8%); however, knowledge of specific illnesses was not as high. Large proportions of participants had imposed bans on smoking in homes (73.2%) and in cars (75.9%).ConclusionsOur findings suggest the ‘Give up smokes for good’ campaign reached the intended audience with high levels of campaign awareness. Results also suggest the pilot campaign made progress in achieving its communication objectives.
Using Maxillae to Estimate Ages of Lake Trout
Authors: Wellenkamp William , He Ji X. , Vercnocke Darren 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Previous evaluations of calcified structures used to estimate fish ages have not included maxillae. While otoliths are considered the superior structure for assessing the age of Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush, it can be difficult to collect and analyze sufficient samples for annual stock assessment, particularly from recreational fisheries. We used maxilla sections to estimate ages of 1,145 Lake Trout collected from Lake Huron in 2013, including 83 fish of known age with coded wire tags (CWT). Maxilla removal was 287% faster than extraction of otoliths. Maxilla sections were cut using inexpensive tools commonly used for processing spines and fin rays. Multiple sections could be made easily from each maxilla, allowing for the use of a superior section that exhibited easily identifiable annuli; in contrast, a single cracked otolith yields only two opportunities to assign age since the cut must be made through the otolith focus. From blind estimates by two independent estimators, made without prior knowledge of the true CWT-derived ages and before the decision rules were fully developed, exact match of maxilla-based ages to the CWT-derived ages was 59–67%; agreements with a bias less than or equal to 1 year were 88–89%, and agreements with a bias less than or equal to 2 years were 94–95%. These measures were higher than those obtained using otoliths sampled from Lake Trout of the same CWT-derived ages. After analyzing the sources of errors and finalizing detailed decision rules, we found that all maxilla sections exhibited a full complement of annuli comparable with the true CWT-derived age, except for two samples affected by errors occurring during sample collection rather than during maxilla processing and interpretation.
Received December 16, 2013; accepted December 12, 2014
Combining Split-Beam and Dual-Frequency Identification Sonars to Estimate Abundance of Anadromous Fishes in the Roanoke River, North Carolina
Authors: Hughes Jacob B. , Hightower Joseph E. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Riverine hydroacoustic techniques are an effective method for evaluating abundance of upstream migrating anadromous fishes. To use these methods in the Roanoke River, North Carolina, at a wide site with uneven bottom topography, we used a combination of split-beam sonar and dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) deployments. We aimed a split-beam sonar horizontally to monitor midchannel and near-bottom zones continuously over the 3-month spring monitoring periods in 2010 and 2011. The DIDSON was rotated between seven cross-channel locations (using a vertical aim) and nearshore regions (using horizontal aims). Vertical deployment addressed blind spots in split-beam coverage along the bottom and provided reliable information about the cross-channel and vertical distributions of upstream migrants. Using a Bayesian framework, we modeled sonar counts within four cross-channel strata and apportioned counts by species using species proportions from boat electrofishing and gill netting. Modeled estimates (95% credible intervals [CIs]) of total upstream migrants in 2010 and 2011 were 2.5 million (95% CI, 2.4–2.6 million) and 3.6 million (95% CI, 3.4–3.9 million), respectively. Results indicated that upstream migrants are extremely shore- and bottom-oriented, suggesting nearshore DIDSON monitoring improved the accuracy and precision of our estimates. This monitoring protocol and model may be widely applicable to river systems regardless of their cross-sectional width or profile.
Received July 16, 2014; accepted November 21, 2014
Using Larval Fish Community Structure to Guide Long-Term Monitoring of Fish Spawning Activity
Authors: Pritt Jeremy J. , Roseman Edward F. , Ross Jason E. , DeBruyne Robin L. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Larval fishes provide a direct indication of spawning activity and may therefore be useful for long-term monitoring efforts in relation to spawning habitat restoration. However, larval fish sampling can be time intensive and costly. We sought to understand the spatial and temporal structure of larval fish communities in the St. Clair–Detroit River system, Michigan–Ontario, to determine whether targeted larval fish sampling can be made more efficient for long-term monitoring. We found that larval fish communities were highly nested, with lower river segments and late-spring samples containing the highest genus richness of larval fish. We created four sampling scenarios for each river system: (1) using all available data, (2) limiting temporal sampling to late spring, (3) limiting spatial sampling to lower river segments only, and (4) limiting both spatial and temporal sampling. By limiting the spatial extent of sampling to lower river sites and/or limiting the temporal extent to the late-spring period, we found that effort could be reduced by more than 50% while maintaining over 75% of the observed and estimated total genus richness. Similarly, limiting the sampling effort to lower river sites and/or the late-spring period maintained between 65% and 93% of the observed richness of lithophilic-spawning genera and invasive genera. In general, community composition remained consistent among sampling scenarios. Targeted sampling offers a lower-cost alternative to exhaustive spatial and temporal sampling and may be more readily incorporated into long-term monitoring.
Received August 14, 2014; accepted November 28, 2014
Measurement Error in Angler Creel Surveys
Authors: Alexiades Alexander V. , Marcy-Quay Benjamin , Sullivan Patrick J. , Kraft Clifford E. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Information on fishing effort, catch, harvest, and survival is important for formulating management policies in freshwater fisheries and for understanding the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems. Fisheries managers often use creel surveys to assess fisheries statistics. The mean-of-ratios estimator has been traditionally used for estimating catch rates from incomplete angler trips, whereas the ratio-of-means estimator is preferable for estimating catch rates from completed trips. Recent studies have demonstrated persistent bias when comparing the two estimators based on catch data from incomplete and completed trips from the same sample of anglers; these studies have promoted the use of linear regression models to correct for apparent bias in catch rates based on incomplete trips. However, the reported bias in catch rate estimates may be an artifact of measurement error in incomplete-trip angler surveys rather than bias from the estimates themselves. Furthermore, we contend that ordinary least-squares linear regression is inappropriate to correct for this apparent bias because measurement error is present in both the response variable (e.g., catch rate estimated from completed trips) and the explanatory variable (e.g., catch rate estimated from incomplete trips), leading to low estimates of the slope of the relationship. Alternatively, when both variables contain measurement error, model II regression methods provide less-biased estimates. Using interview data (incomplete trips) from roving creel surveys and a catch card survey (completed trips) conducted on the same sample of anglers, we compared catch rates derived from both estimators. Our results show that linear regression underestimates the slope of the relationship and that model II regression reduces bias and provides a more accurate estimate.
Received April 26, 2014; accepted November 26, 2014
Effects of liquid konjac on parameters related to obesity in diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Aoe Seiichiro , Kudo Haruka , Sakurai Seiya 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Konjac-mannan has been suggested to exert a protective effect against visceral obesity. However, there is little knowledge about the effects of liquid konjac (LK) that is partially alkali gelled. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of a LK powder on obesity in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with either 2.5 or 5% LK powder for 80 days. Growth parameters, abdominal fat content, serum biochemical markers, and hepatic lipid accumulations were measured. Dietary supplementation with LK resulted in decreased body weight gain and abdominal fat accumulation. Dose-dependent decreases were observed in accumulation of hepatic lipids and serum total cholesterol, leptin, insulin concentrations. The study findings indicated that LK had preventing effect against obesity, including the reduction of abdominal and hepatic lipid accumulation and serum parameters related to obesity.
The Relationship between Mental Disorder and Recidivism in Sexual Offenders
Authors: Kingston Drew A. , Olver Mark E. , Harris Melissa , Wong Stephen C. P. , Bradford John M. 
Published: April 2015

The importance of mental illness as a risk factor for violence has been debated with significant implications for mental health policy and clinical practice. In offender samples, mental health diagnoses tend to be unrelated to recidivism, although this effect has been questioned recently in sexual offenders. In the present, prospective investigation, the relevance of several mental health diagnoses and relevant co-morbidity is examined as predictors of various types of recidivism in two distinct samples of sexual offenders who were followed up to 27 years in the community. Results indicated that mental health diagnoses were not predictive of recidivism on their own or in multivariate categories, although comorbid substance-use disorders and some personality disorders showed some predictive validity. Results are discussed in the context of a social learning model of crime and in terms of the treatment of sexual offenders.
Positional demands of professional rugby
Authors: Lindsay Angus , Draper Nick , Lewis John , Gieseg Steven P. , Gill Nicholas 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRugby union is a physically intense intermittent sport coupled with high force collisions. Each position within a team has specific requirements which are typically based on speed, size and skill. The aim of this study was to investigate the contemporary demands of each position and whether they can explain changes in psychophysiological stress. Urine and saliva samples were collected before and after five selected Super 15 rugby games from 37 players. Total neopterin (NP), cortisol and immunoglobulin A were analysed by SCX‐high performance liquid chromatography and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Global positioning system software provided distance data, while live video analysis provided impact data. All contemporary demands were analysed as events per minute of game time. Forwards were involved in more total impacts, tackles and rucks compared to backs (p < 0.001), while backs were involved in more ball carries and covered more total distance and distance at high speed per minute of game time (p < 0.01). Loose forwards, inside and outside backs covered significantly more distance at high speed (p < 0.01), while there was a negligible difference with number of impacts between the forward positions. There was also minimal difference between positions in the percentage change in NP, cortisol and sIgA. The results indicate distance covered and number of impacts per minute of game time is position‐dependent whereas changes in psychophysiological stress are independent. This information can be used to adapt training and recovery interventions to better prepare each position based on the physical requirements of the game.
Psychological profile of adolescent cyberbullying aggressors / Perfil psicosocial de adolescentes agresores de cyberbullying
Authors: Buelga Sofía , Iranzo Begoña , Cava María-Jesús , Torralba Eva 
Published: April 2015

The aim of this study was to analyse adolescent cyberbullying aggressors’ psychosocial profiles, taking into account the psychosocial adjustment indicators of life satisfaction, non-conforming reputation, antisocial behaviours at school and antisocial behaviours in the community. The sample was made up of 877 Spanish students (48.6% boys and 51.4% girls) aged 11 to 17 ( M = 13.8, SD = 1.4). Three groups of adolescents were distinguished: severe cyberbullies, occasional cyberbullies and non-aggressor adolescents. Analysis of covariance results indicated differences between the two cyberbullying groups and non-aggressor adolescents. The severe cyberbullies, followed by occasional cyberbullies, showed the least adaptive psychosocial profiles, while non-aggressor adolescents obtained the most adaptive profiles. We also discuss the practical implications of these results.
Dérivabilité ponctuelle d’une intégrale liée aux fonctions de Bernoulli
Authors: de la Bretèche R. , Tenenbaum G. 
Published: April 2015

Let

B
(
ϑ
)

B (\vartheta )

denote the first normalised Bernoulli function, and consider the series

f
(
ϑ
)
:=

∑

n
⩾
1

B
(
n
ϑ
)

/

n

f(\vartheta ):=\sum _{n\geqslant 1}B(n\vartheta )/n

. In a previous paper, we determined the set

E
∗

E^*

of those real numbers

ϑ
\vartheta

at which

f
(
ϑ
)

f(\vartheta )

converges. Let

B
2

(
ϑ
)

B_2(\vartheta )

designate the second Bernoulli function and let

⟨
t
⟩

\langle t\rangle

denote the fractional part of the real number

t
t

. Put

F
(
ϑ
)
:=

∑

n
⩾
1

B
2

(
n
ϑ
)

/

2

n
2

=

π
2

/

72
+

∫
0
ϑ

f
(
t
)

d

t
.

F(\vartheta ):=\sum _{n\geqslant 1}{B_2(n\vartheta )/ 2n^2}=\pi ^2/72+\int _0^\vartheta f(t)\mathrm {d} t.

It has been shown by Báez-Duarte, Balazard, Landreau and Saias (2005) that

F
(
ϑ
)

F(\vartheta )

and

∫
0
∞

⟨
t
⟩
⟨
ϑ
t
⟩

d

t

/

t
2

\int _0^\infty \langle t\rangle \langle \vartheta t\rangle \mathrm {d} t/t^2

have the same differentiability points. Moreover, using delicate functional equations, Balazard and Martin recently proved that the corresponding set is precisely

E
:=

E
∗

∖

Q

E:=E^*\smallsetminus \mathbb {Q}

and that

F
′

(
ϑ
)
=
f
(
ϑ
)

F’(\vartheta )=f(\vartheta )

whenever

ϑ
∈
E

\vartheta \in E

. We provide a short, direct proof of this last result, based on standard results from Diophantine approximation theory and uniform distribution theory.
𝐋¹ stability of semigroups with respect to their generators
Authors: Colombo Rinaldo , Gwiazda Piotr 
Published: April 2015

This note is concerned with the

L

1

\mathbf {L}^1

–theory for the system

∂
t

u
=

div
x

⁡
A
(
u
)
+
B
⋅
Δ
u
+
C
(
u
)

\partial _t u = \operatorname {div}_x A(u) + B \cdot \Delta u + C(u)

in several space dimensions. First, an existence result is proved for data in

L

1

∩

L

∞

∩

B
V

\mathbf {L}^1\cap \mathbf {L}^\infty \cap \mathbf {BV}

. Then, the

L

1

\mathbf {L}^1

–Lipschitz dependence of the solutions with respect to the natural norms of

A
A

,

B
B

and

C
C

is achieved. As a corollary, the vanishing viscosity limit for conservation laws in 1D recently obtained in a work by Bianchini and Bressan is slightly extended.
Homogenization of stratified thermoviscoplastic materials
Authors: Charalambakis Nicolas , Murat François 
Published: April 2015

In the present paper we study the homogenization of the system of partial differential equations
\[

ρ
ε

(
x
)

∂

v
ε

∂
t

−

∂

∂
x

(

μ
ε

(
x
,

θ
ε

)

∂

v
ε

∂
x

)

=
f
,

c
ε

(
x
,

θ
ε

)

∂

θ
ε

∂
t

=

μ
ε

(
x
,

θ
ε

)

(

∂

v
ε

∂
x

)

2

,

\begin {array}{l} \displaystyle {\rho ^\varepsilon (x) {\partial v^\varepsilon \over \partial t} - {\partial \over \partial x} \left (\mu ^\varepsilon (x,\theta ^\varepsilon ) {\partial v^\varepsilon \over \partial x}\right ) = f,} \displaystyle {c^\varepsilon (x,\theta ^\varepsilon ) {\partial \theta ^\varepsilon \over \partial t} = \mu ^\varepsilon (x,\theta ^\varepsilon ) \left ({\partial v^\varepsilon \over \partial x}\right )^2,} \end {array}

\]
posed in

a
>
x
>
b

a > x > b

,

0
>
t
>
T

0 > t > T

, completed by boundary conditions on

v
ε

v^\varepsilon

and by initial conditions on

v
ε

v^\varepsilon

and

θ
ε

\theta ^\varepsilon

. The unknowns are the velocity

v
ε

v^\varepsilon

and the temperature

θ
ε

\theta ^\varepsilon

, while the coefficients

ρ
ε

\rho ^\varepsilon

,

μ
ε

\mu ^\varepsilon

and

c
ε

c^\varepsilon

are data which are assumed to satisfy

0
>

c
1

≤

μ
ε

(
x
,
s
)
≤

c
2

,

0
>

c
3

≤

c
ε

(
x
,
s
)
≤

c
4

,

0
>

c
5

≤

ρ
ε

(
x
)
≤

c
6

,

−

c
7

≤

∂

μ
ε

∂
s

(
x
,
s
)
≤
0
,

|

c
ε

(
x
,
s
)
−

c
ε

(
x
,

s
′

)

|

≤
ω
(

|

s
−

s
′

|

)
.

\begin{gather*} 0 > c_1 \leq \mu ^\varepsilon (x,s) \leq c_2, \quad 0 > c_3 \leq c^\varepsilon (x,s) \leq c_4,\quad 0 > c_5 \leq \rho ^\varepsilon (x) \leq c_6, \displaystyle {- c_7 \leq {\partial \mu ^\varepsilon \over \partial s} (x,s) \leq 0, \quad |c^\varepsilon (x,s) - c^\varepsilon (x,s’)|\leq \omega (|s - s’|).} \end{gather*}

This sequence of one-dimensional systems is a model for the homogenization of nonhomogeneous, stratified, thermoviscoplastic materials exhibiting thermal softening and a temperature-dependent rate of plastic work converted into heat. Under the above hypotheses we prove that this system is stable by homogenization. More precisely one can extract a subsequence

ε
′

\varepsilon ’

for which the velocity

v

ε
′

v^{\varepsilon ’}

and the temperature

θ

ε
′

\theta ^{\varepsilon ’}

converge to some homogenized velocity

v
0

v^0

and some homogenized temperature

θ
0

\theta ^0

which solve a system similar to the system solved by

v
ε

v^\varepsilon

and

θ
ε

\theta ^\varepsilon

, for coefficients

ρ
0

\rho ^0

,

μ
0

\mu ^0

and

c
0

c^0

which satisfy hypotheses similar to the hypotheses satisfied by

ρ
ε

\rho ^\varepsilon

,

μ
ε

\mu ^\varepsilon

and

c
ε

c^\varepsilon

. These homogenized coefficients

ρ
0

\rho ^0

,

μ
0

\mu ^0

and

c
0

c^0

are given by some explicit (even if sophisticated) formulas. In particular, the homogenized heat coefficient

c
0

c^0

in general depends on the temperature even if the heterogeneous heat coefficients

c
ε

c^\varepsilon

do not depend on it.
Multiplicity of asymmetric solutions for nonlinear elliptic problems
Authors: Cao Daomin , Noussair Ezzat , Yan Shusen 
Published: April 2015

In this paper we study the existence of multiple asymmetric positive solutions for the following symmetric problem:
\[

{

−
Δ
u
+
(
λ
−
h
(
x
)
)
u
=
(
1
−
f
(
x
)
)

u
p

,

a
m
p
;
x
∈

R

N

,

u
(
x
)
>
0
,

a
m
p
;

x
∈

R

N

,

u
∈

H
1

(

R

N

)
,

\begin {cases} -\Delta u+(\lambda -h(x))u=(1-f(x))u^p, & x\in \mathbb {R}^N,\\ u(x)>0, &\quad x\in \mathbb {R}^N,\\ u\in H^1(\mathbb {R}^N), \end {cases}

\]
where

λ
>
0

\lambda >0

is a parameter,

h
(
x
)

h(x)

and

f
(
x
)

f(x)

are nonnegative radially symmetric functions in

L
∞

(

R

N

)

L^\infty (\mathbb {R}^N)

,

h
(
x
)

h(x)

and

f
(
x
)

f(x)

have compact support in

R

N

\mathbb {R}^N

,

f
(
x
)
≤
1

f(x)\leq 1

for all

x
∈

R

N

x\in \mathbb {R}^N

,

1
>
p
>
+
∞

1>p>+\infty

for

N
=
1
,
2

N=1,2

,

1
>
p
>

N
+
2

N
−
2

1>p>\frac {N+2}{N-2}

for

N
≥
3

N\geq 3

. We prove that for any

k
=
1
,
2
,

…

k=1,2,\,\ldots \,

, if

λ
\lambda

is large enough the above problem has positive solutions

u
λ

u_\lambda

concentrating at

k
k

distinct points away from the origin as

λ
\lambda

goes to

∞
\infty

.
Exponential and polynomial decay for first order linear Volterra evolution equations
Authors: Mainini Edoardo , Mola Gianluca 
Published: April 2015

We consider, in an abstract setting, an instance of the Coleman-Gurtin model for heat conduction with memory, that is, the Volterra integro-differential equation
\[

∂
t

u
(
t
)
−
β
Δ
u
(
t
)
−

∫

0

t

k
(
s
)
Δ
u
(
t
−
s
)
d
s
=
0.

\partial _t u(t) - \beta \Delta u(t) - \int _{0}^{t}k(s)\Delta u(t-s)ds = 0.

\]
We establish new results for the exponential and polynomial decay of solutions, by means of conditions on the convolution kernel which are weaker than the classical differential inequalities.