bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated postinjury thrombospondin 1–CD47 triggering aids differentiation of patients' defective inflammatory CD1a+dendritic cells
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Gautam , Bandyopadhyay Sanjukta , Bankey Paul E , Miller-Graziano Carol L 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTA subset of Pts develops dysfunctional MO to inflammatory DC differentiation and immunosuppression. MDDC, a newly described DC subset, is pivotal in initiating antibacterial responses. Endogenous proteins are known to alter MO to MDDC differentiation. In particular, trauma-elevated TSP-1, a protein that is known to affect MO functions, could trigger MDDC differentiation defects. We hypothesized that TSP-1-deranged differentiation of inflammatory CD1a+MDDC would negatively alter activation of immune functions, thereby increasing the risk of postinjury infections. Post-trauma increased TSP-1 levels in patients' plasma and MO correlated with two distinct MDDC differentiation dysfunctions: the previously described decreased CD1a+DC yields but also, development of an immunoincompetent CD1a+MDDC. The Pts' development of Dysf DC correlated to increased infectious complications. TSP-1 triggered its inhibitory receptor, CD47, activating an inhibitory phosphatase, SHP-1. Increased pSHP-1, decreased antigen processing, and depressed T cell stimulation characterized Pt Dysf DC. TSP-1 mimics added during Cnt MDDC differentiation depressed CD1a+DC yields but more importantly, also induced defective CD1a+MDDC, reproducing Pts' MDDC differentiation dysfunctions. CD47 triggering during Cnt MDDC differentiation increased SHP-1 activation, inhibiting IL-4-induced STAT-6 activation (critical for CD1a+MDDC differentiation). SHP-1 inhibition during MDDC differentiation in the presence of TSP-1 mimics restored pSTAT-6 levels and CD1a+MDDC immunogenicity. Thus, postinjury-elevated TSP-1 can decrease CD1a+DC yields but more critically, also induces SHP-1 hyperactivity, deviating MDDC differentiation to defective CD1a+ inflammatory MDDCs by inhibiting STAT-6.
Postoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Cetuximab for High-Risk Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group RTOG-0234
Authors: Harari Paul M. , Harris Jonathan , Kies Merrill S. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Jordan Richard C. , Gillison Maura L. , Foote Robert L. , Machtay Mitchell , Rotman Marvin , Khuntia Deepak , Straube William , Zhang Qiang , Ang Kian 
Published: July 2014

PurposeTo report results of a randomized phase II trial (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group RTOG-0234) examining concurrent chemoradiotherapy and cetuximab in the postoperative treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) with high-risk pathologic features.Patients and MethodsEligibility required pathologic stage III to IV SCCHN with gross total resection showing positive margins and/or extracapsular nodal extension and/or two or more nodal metastases. Patients were randomly assigned to 60 Gy radiation with cetuximab once per week plus either cisplatin 30 mg/m2or docetaxel 15 mg/m2once per week.ResultsBetween April 2004 and December 2006, 238 patients were enrolled. With a median follow-up of 4.4 years, 2-year overall survival (OS) was 69% for the cisplatin arm and 79% for the docetaxel arm; 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 57% and 66%, respectively. Patients with p16-positive oropharynx tumors showed markedly improved survival outcome relative to patients with p16-negative oropharynx tumors. Grade 3 to 4 myelosuppression was observed in 28% of patients in the cisplatin arm and 14% in the docetaxel arm; mucositis was observed in 56% and 54%, respectively. DFS in this study was compared with that in the chemoradiotherapy arm of the RTOG-9501 trial (Phase III Intergroup Trial of Surgery Followed by Radiotherapy Versus Radiochemotherapy for Resectable High Risk Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck), which had a hazard ratio of 0.76 for the cisplatin arm versus control (P = .05) and 0.69 for the docetaxel arm versus control (P = .01), reflecting absolute improvement in 2-year DFS of 2.5% and 11.1%, respectively.ConclusionThe delivery of postoperative chemoradiotherapy and cetuximab to patients with SCCHN is feasible and tolerated with predictable toxicity. The docetaxel regimen shows favorable outcome with improved DFS and OS relative to historical controls and has commenced formal testing in a phase II/III trial.
THE DEEP RIVER SCIENCE ACADEMY: A UNIQUE AND INNOVATIVE PROGRAM FOR ENGAGING STUDENTS IN SCIENCE
Authors: Turner Carl W. , Didsbury Rick , Ingram Margo 
Published: July 2014

For 28 years, the Deep River Science Academy (DRSA) has been offering high school students the opportunity to engage in the excitement and challenge of professional scientific research to help nurture their passion for science and to provide them with the experience and the knowledge to make informed decisions regarding possible future careers in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The venue for the DRSA program has been a six-week summer science camp where students, working in pairs under the guidance of a university undergraduate tutor, contribute directly to an on-going research program under the supervision of a professional scientist or engineer. This concept has been expanded in recent years to reach students in classrooms year round by engaging students via the internet over a 12-week term in a series of interactive teaching sessions based on an on-going research project. Although the research projects for the summer program are offered primarily from the laboratories of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at its Chalk River Laboratories site, projects for the year-round program can be based, in principle, in laboratories at universities and other research institutes located anywhere in Canada. This paper will describe the program in more detail using examples illustrating how the students become engaged in the research and the sorts of contributions they have been able to make over the years. The impact of the program on the students and the degree to which the DRSA has been able to meet its objective of encouraging students to choose careers in the fields of STEM and equipping them with the skills and experience to be successful will be assessed based on feedback from the students themselves. Finally, we will examine the program in the context of how well it helps to address the challenges faced by educators today in meeting the demands of students in a world where the internet provides instant access to information.
The effect of a ceramide-containing dressing in preventing pressure ulcers
Authors: Park K.H. 
Published: July 2014

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a ceramide-containing dressing (Remois Pad®) on preventing pressure ulcers. Method: A total of 32 patients (64 samples) with a Braden Scale score of 16 or less in intensive care units were enrolled to have the dressing applied for an experimental bilateral comparison study. The dressing was randomly applied to the right or left greater trochanter for 7 days. Incidence of nonblanching erythema and the water-holding capacity of the skin were measured on the third day and seventh day after intervention. Results: On the third day after intervention, nonblanching erythema was not apparent in either the experimental or the control groups. On the seventh day, one (3.3%) and four (13.3%) cases of nonblanching erythema were observed in the experimental group and the control group, respectively; however, the difference was not statistically significant. The water-retaining capacity of the skin on the third and seventh days after the intervention was significantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: The data collected from this study gave no evidence that a ceramide-containing dressing had an effect on preventing pressure ulcers in the greater trochanter area. Declaration of interest: There were no external sources of funding for this study. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
The use of a dermal substitute for simultaneous flap delay and donor site coverage in two cases
Authors: Behar Brittany J , Abdollahi Hamid , Ranganath Bharat , Ashraf Azra , Glat Paul M 
Published: July 2014

Objective: Lower extremity traumatic wounds can be difficult to treat owing to limb ischaemia and large zones of injury. Often, muscle or fasciocutaneous flaps are used in the presence of severe open orthopaedic injuries with soft tissue defects. Sometimes local flaps may be the preferred or only option, but may not tolerate being rotated or advanced owing to resulting flap ischaemia. One well-studied technique that can increase the survival of various flaps involves the delay phenomenon. Method: In these case reports, Integra Dermal Regeneration template was used to simultaneously create delayed flaps and to cover the wound and flap donor site so that the donor site could be skin grafted at the time of flap inset. Results: These cases demonstrate that use of Integra can enhance the delay phenomenon while simultaneously providing coverage of soft tissue defects in preparation for ultimately insetting delayed flaps and better covering donor areas. Conclusion: This technique may be applicable to many different flaps in many different anatomic locations and should be considered an option when reconstructing complicated wounds. Declaration of interest: none
Hacia una metodología de la investigación contable.
Authors: Perry Germán Pinto 
Published: July 2014

Este ensayo argumenta un criterio para establecer que la Contabilidad es una ciencia social, criterio que se concibe a través del desarrollo de una conceptualización particular de “ciencia”. Por tal, se entiende a todo constructo convencionalmente aceptado como verdadero y, por ende, como científico. No hay ciencia en el ejercicio profesional del contador, sino en la reflexión y análisis del hecho económico para ser expuesto de tal forma que aporte al proceso de toma de decisiones de las entidades. El criterio para validar esa exposición es la imagen fiel que debe evidenciar su revelación en los estados contables. Los criterios que permiten la exposición eficiente de los hechos econó- micos, se obtienen gracias a la investigación contable que puede seguir una metodología cuantitativa o cualitativa. Ambas permiten arribar a conclusiones eficientes que garantizan el carácter científico de la Contabilidad, no siendo patrimonio de esto, en forma exclusiva, la aplicación de estudios basados en cálculos estadísticos, sino también herramientas provenientes de la interpretación de las cualidades de los fenómenos observados. Por otro lado, la investigación científica en Contabilidad permite generar un conjunto de criterios que pueden ser el sustento de los criterios que son formalizados a través de las normas contables como las NIIF. Este proceso de emisión de normativa sustentada en un proceso científico, parte con la definición del hecho económico, su valorización, una experimentación que permita validar los atributos de la exposición y de la imagen fiel del estudio que se está haciendo y; finalmente, la emisión de la norma. Es por ello que la investigación contable es aplicable en tres instantes: cuando se está abstrayendo el hecho económico, para validar su exposición y en otros instantes, como por ejemplo cuando se evalúa la eficiencia de alguna norma ya emitida.
The Casualty Figures in Darius’ Bisitun Inscription
Authors: Hyland John O. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The Babylonian and Aramaic versions of the Bisitun inscription give precise enumerations of enemies killed and captured by the armies of Darius I in 522–521 bc. But the figures are absent from Bisitun’s other versions, and their accuracy and historical value remain in question. This study reviews their textual reliability and modern reconstructions and argues that they do not reflect accurate counts of battlefield dead or prisoners. It proposes that the Babylonian text offered more space for additional material than its Elamite or Persian counterparts and that its casualty figures enhanced Darius’ military narrative by quantifying his superiority to subordinates: enemy losses are highest when the King commands in person, less for generals in separate commands, and lowest for Darius’ non-Persian lieutenants. Explanations are considered for a possible exception, the victory of the satrap Dadaršiš in Margiana.
Bowel Preparations for Colonoscopy: An RCT
Authors: Di Nardo Giovanni , Aloi Marina , Cucchiara Salvatore , Spada Cristiano , Hassan Cesare , Civitelli Fortunata , Nuti Federica , Ziparo Chiara , Pession Andrea , Lima Mario , La Torre Giuseppe , Oliva Salvatore 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND:The ideal preparation regimen for pediatric colonoscopy remains elusive, and available preparations continue to represent a challenge for children. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and acceptance of 4 methods of bowel cleansing before colonoscopy in children.METHODS:This randomized, investigator-blinded, noninferiority trial enrolled all children aged 2 to 18 years undergoing elective colonoscopy in a referral center for pediatric gastroenterology. Patients were randomly assigned to receive polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 with simethicon (PEG-ELS group) or PEG-4000 with citrates and simethicone plus bisacodyl (PEG-CS+Bisacodyl group), or PEG 3350 with ascorbic acid (PEG-Asc group), or sodium picosulfate plus magnesium oxide and citric acid (NaPico+MgCit group). Bowel cleansing was evaluated according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. The primary end point was overall colon cleansing. Tolerability, acceptability, and compliance were also evaluated.RESULTS:Two hundred ninety-nine patients were randomly allocated to the 4 groups. In the per-protocol analysis, PEG-CS+Bisacodyl, PEG-Asc, and NaPico+MgCit were noninferior to PEG-ELS in bowel-cleansing efficacy of both the whole colon (P = .910) and colonic segments. No serious adverse events occurred in any group. Rates of tolerability, acceptability, and compliance were significantly higher in the NaPico+MgCit group.CONCLUSIONS:Low-volume PEG preparations (PEG-CS+Bisacodyl, PEG-Asc) and NaPico+MgCit are noninferior to PEG-ELS in children, representing an attractive alternative to high-volume regimens in clinical practice. Because of the higher tolerability and acceptability profile, NaPico+MgCit would appear as the most suitable regimen for bowel preparation in children.
Thermal Analysis of Epoxy Based Coconut Fiber-Almond Shell Particle Reinforced Biocomposites
Authors: Chaudhary Arun Kumar , Gope P.C. , Singh V.K. , Verma Alka , Suman Ajay Rajiv 
Published: July 2014

Summary
In this research, the suitability of almond shell and coconut fiber as a renewable agricultural residue for manufacturing of biocomposite to be used as a replacement of wood was investigated. The use of agriculture waste as a reinforcement in composite may result in several environmental and socioeconomic benefits. Biocomposite containing different weight percentage of almond shell particle (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt%) and coconut fiber (2, 4 and 6 wt%) mixed with 20 wt% of almond shell particles were made using epoxy resin and 0.5 wt% of Tricresyl Phosphate. Thermal stability test and morphology (SEM) of the biocomposite were determined.
Influence of Cutting Technology on Properties of the Cut Edges
Authors: Węglowski Marek S. , Pfeifer Tomasz 
Published: July 2014

Summary
The influence of cutting technologies on the quality, mechanical properties and microstructure of the cut edges of steel is presented. The cutting technologies cover: plasma, laser beam, water jet and oxyfuel flame cutting. During investigation the measurements of perpendicularity tolerance, hardness, mean high of the profile Rz5 and metallographic examination were carry out. The results revealed that the lowest hardness was achieved by water jet cutting, whereas the highest was obtained by plasma cutting under the water surface. The lowest perpendicularity was obtained by plasma cutting under the water surface but the highest was achieved by laser and HD plasma cutting. The conducted experiments revealed moreover that the lowest roughness was achieved by means of plasma cutting over the water surface, whereas the highest by laser beam cutting.
The Impact of Waste Incineration on Human Beings and The Environment
Authors: Wielgosiński Grzegorz , Targaszewska Agata 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The article discusses issues related to the impact of incineration on human health and the environment. The aim of the work is to make a broad overview of the existing literature in this area. The problem was described in the literature based on a number of waste incineration plants studies in both Europe and all around the world. Subjects analyzed in the literature were risks at workplace, both administrative ones and directly related to the process of thermal treatment of waste. These risks result among others from the atmospheric emissions of many pollutants, including most of all polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, heavy metals and some volatile organic compounds. The results of these studies will be an important argument in the discussion on the possible risks to humans and the environment posed by waste incineration plants and the expediency of building waste incinerators in Poland.
Intuitionistic Assessment Of Behavioural Present Value*
Authors: Piasecki Krzysztof 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The article discussesd the impact of chosen behavioural factors on the imprecision of present value assessment. The formal model of behavioural present value is offered as a result of this discussion. The behavioural present value is described here as an intuitionistic fuzzy set. The significance of the replacement of a fuzzy set by an intuitionistic fuzzy set is proved.
Comparison of Static Balance and the Role of Vision in Elite Athletes
Authors: Hammami Raouf , Behm David G , Chtara Mokhtar , Othman Aymen Ben , Chaouachi Anis 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
When prescribing balance exercises to athletes in different sports, it may be important to recognize performance variations. Indeed, how athletes from different sports perform on balance tests is not well understood. The goal of the present study was to compare static balance and the role of vision among elite sprinters, jumpers and rugby players. The modified clinical test of sensory interaction on balance (mCTSIB) was used to assess the velocity of the center-of-pressure (CoP) on a force platform during a 30 s bipedal quiet standing posture in 4 conditions: firm surface with opened and closed eyes, foam surface with opened and closed eyes. Three-factor ANOVA indicated a significant main effect for groups (F=21.69, df=2, p<0.001, η2 = 0.34). Significant main effect of vision (F=43.20, df=1, p<0.001, η2 = 0.34) and surface (F=193.41, df=1, p<0.001, η2 = 0.70) as well as an interaction between vision (eyes open, eyes closed) and surface (firm and foam) (F=21.79, df=1, p=0.001) were reported in all groups. The subsequent Bonferroni-Dunn post hoc test indicated that rugby players displayed better static balance than sprinters and jumpers (p=0.001). The comparison of sprinters and jumpers did not reveal significant differences (p>0.05). The nature of the sport practiced and the absence of visual control are linked to modify static balance in elite athletes. Coaches and strength and conditioning professionals are recommended to use a variety of exercises to improve balance, including both exercises with opened and closed eyes on progressively challenging surfaces in order to make decisions about tasks and sensory availability during assessment and training.
Effect of Training Mode on Post-Exercise Heart Rate Recovery of Trained Cyclists
Authors: McDonald Kelia G. , Grote Silvie , Shoepe Todd C. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system dominates the regulation of body functions during exercise. Therefore after exercise, the sympathetic nervous system withdraws and the parasympathetic nervous system helps the body return to a resting state. In the examination of this relationship, the purpose of this study was to compare recovery heart rates (HR) of anaerobically versus aerobically trained cyclists. With all values given as means ± SD, anaerobically trained track cyclists (n=10, age=25.9 ± 6.0 yrs, body mass=82.7 ± 7.1 kg, body fat=10.0 ± 6.3%) and aerobically trained road cyclists (n=15, age=39.9 ± 8.5 yrs, body mass=75.3 ± 9.9 kg, body fat=13.1 ± 4.5%) underwent a maximal oxygen uptake test. Heart rate recovery was examined on a relative basis using heart rate reserve as well as the absolute difference between maximum HR and each of two recovery HRs. The post-exercise change in HR at minute one for the track cyclists and road cyclists respectively were 22 ± 8 bpm and 25 ± 12 bpm. At minute two, the mean drop for track cyclists was significantly (p<0.05) greater than the road cyclists (52 ± 15 bpm and 64 ± 11 bpm). Training mode showed statistically significant effects on the speed of heart rate recovery in trained cyclists. Greater variability in recovery heart rate at minute two versus minute one suggests that the heart rate should be monitored longer than one minute of recovery for a better analysis of post-exercise autonomic shift.
Biochemical characterisation of the tissue degrading enzyme, collagenase, in the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Ghamari Mahboob , Hosseininaveh Vahid , Darvishzadeh Ali , Talebi Khalil 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Podisus maculiventris (Say) is a generalist predator attacking many insect species from different orders. The bug injects saliva into its prey's body. The ingested hemolymph and liquefied internal tissues pass through the bug's alimentary tract. Collagenase working on peptide bonds of collagen and basement membrane proteins, leads to the disintegration of the prey's internal organs. As yet, there is an almost complete lack of knowledge on the collagenase activity in P. maculiventris. The collagenase activity of the salivary glands and midgut was optimum at pH 8.0 which was congruent with the optimal pH of the total proteolytic activity of the salivary glands. More collagenolytic activity was determined in the posterior lobe of the salivary glands and anterior midgut. Significant inhibition of collagenolytic activity by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) revealed the enzyme is a metalloproteinase. The collagenase activity notably decreased when the bug went hungry. The salivary gland collagenase is a vital enzyme in extra-oral digestion and facilitates the action of other digestive enzymes. The midgut collagenase may be involved in the digestion of the ingested muscle fibers. The collagenase probably acts as an intoxicating agent in the saliva (venom) of P. maculiventris. Paralysing toxins are present in the salivary gland secretion.
Stage Freight: Labour and the Representability of Capitalism in Gerhart Hauptmann’sThe Weavers
Authors: Sniderman Alisa 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT:This article discusses Gerhart Hauptmann’s The Weavers and the play’s representation – and management – of labour. A dark drama about starvation and labour exploitation, Hauptmann’s play paradoxically involves costly logistics and an excessively large cast. The text of The Weavers creates the challenge of its staging, and the arduous relationship between text and production is central to Hauptmann’s exploration of human labour. The Weavers dramatizes the exploitation of wage labour, the ideology of the work ethic, and the conflict between labour and capital. In doing so, Hauptmann’s labour drama grapples with what Fredric Jameson has called “the representability of capitalism.” Looking closely at the relationship between Hauptmann’s text and its staging, throughout its production history, this article argues that The Weavers explores the problem of representing labour in the theatre and reveals the signs of labour that capitalist culture seeks to conceal.