bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Insights into MpAGO1 and Its Regulatory miRNA, miR11707, in the High-Temperature Acclimation of Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Hong Syuan-Fei , Wei Wei-Lun , Pan Zhao-Jun , Yu Jia-Zhen , Cheng Shiuan , Hung Yu-Ling , Tjita Veny , Wang Hao-Ching , Komatsu Aino , Nishihama Ryuichi , Kohchi Takayuki , Chen Ho-Ming , Chen Wan-Chieh , Lo Jing-Chi , Chiu Yen-Hsin , Yang Ho-Chun , Lu Mei-Yeh , Liu Li-Yu Daisy , Lin Shih-Shun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As a model plant for bryophytes, Marchantia polymorpha offers insights into the role of RNA silencing in aiding early land plants navigate the challenges posed by high-temperature environments. Genomic analysis revealed unique ARGONAUTE1 ortholog gene (MpAGO1) in M. polymorpha, which is regulated by two species-specific microRNAs (miRNAs), miR11707.1 and miR11707.2. Comparative studies of small RNA profiles from M. polymorpha cellular and MpAGO1 immunoprecipitation (MpAGO1-IP) profiles at various temperatures, along with analyses of Arabidopsis AGO1 (AtAGO1), revealed that MpAGO1 has a low selectivity for a diverse range of small RNA species than AtAGO1. Protein structural comparisons revealed no discernible differences in the guide strand small RNA recognition middle domain, MID domain, of MpAGO1 and AtAGO1, suggesting the complexity of miRNA species specificity and necessitating further exploration. Small RNA profiling and size exclusion chromatography have pinpointed a subset of M. polymorpha miRNAs, notably miR11707, that remain in free form within the cell at 22°C but are loaded into MpAGO1 at 28°C to engage in RNA silencing. Investigations into the mir11707 gene editing (mir11707ge) mutants provided evidence of the regulation of miR11707 in MpAGO1. Notably, while MpAGO1 mRNA expression decreases at 28°C, the stability of the MpAGO1 protein and its associated miRNAs is essential for enhancing the RNA-inducing silencing complex (RISC) activity, revealing the importance of RNA silencing in enabling M. polymorpha to survive thermal stress. This study advances our understanding of RNA silencing in bryophytes and provides groundbreaking insights into the evolutionary resilience of land plants to climatic adversities.
60. Response to Revascularization in Resistant Hypertension Related to Renal Artery Stenosis: A Systematic Review of Case Reports
Authors: Kusumowardani Alivia Retra 
Published: July 2024

Background: Treatment for resistant hypertension related to renal artery stenosis is focused mainly through medical therapy. Revascularization is not routinely recommended due to its limited advantage over medical therapy. However, there have been reported cases of revascularization that has improved the patients’ outcome.

Objective: This review of case reports is to identify the characteristics of patients who underwent revascularization and their response after follow up.

Methods: A search through the Medline database for case reports of revascularization in renal artery stenosis published during 2013 - 2023 was conducted.

Result: Nine articles met the criteria, explaining 10 cases. Average blood pressure before revascularization was 170/97 mmHg. Comorbidities mainly were hyperlipidemia and smoking. Medication histories have included calcium channel blockers (10 cases), beta blockers (7 cases), ACEi/ARBs (7 cases), and diuretics (6 cases). Some have also added alpha blockers (4 cases), alpha agonists (3 cases), second diuretics (2 cases), and direct vasodilator (1 case).
After revascularization, average blood pressure was reduced to 126/74 mmHg. Maintenance medications have been lowered from 4 to 2-3 types of medication, including calcium channel blockers (7 cases), beta blockers (4 cases), diuretics (3 cases), ACEi/ARBs (5 cases), alpha blockers (2 cases), and alpha agonists (2 cases). Revascularization has also shown to improve renal functions by increasing eGFR, lowering creatinine levels and proteinuria.

Conclusion: Select revascularization in renal artery stenosis is able to reduce blood pressure and lower the need for multiple maintenance medications in resistant hypertension.
Chimeric antigen receptor adoptive immunotherapy in central nervous system tumors: state of the art on clinical trials, challenges, and emerging strategies to addressing them
Authors: Del Baldo Giada , Carai Andrea , Mastronuzzi Angela 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent a significant unmet medical need due to their enduring burden of high mortality and morbidity. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy emerges as a groundbreaking approach, offering hope for improved treatment outcomes. However, despite its successes in hematological malignancies, its efficacy in solid tumors, including CNS tumors, remains limited. Challenges such as the intricate tumor microenvironment (TME), antigenic heterogeneity, and CAR T-cell exhaustion hinder its effectiveness. This review aims to explore the current landscape of CAR T-cell therapy for CNS tumors, highlighting recent advancements and addressing challenges in achieving therapeutic efficacy.

Recent findings
Innovative strategies aim to overcome the barriers posed by the TME and antigen diversity, prevent CAR T-cell exhaustion through engineering approaches and combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors to improving treatment outcomes.

Summary
Researchers have been actively working to address these challenges. Moreover, addressing the unique challenges associated with neurotoxicity in CNS tumors requires specialized management strategies. These may include the development of grading systems, monitoring devices, alternative cell platforms and incorporation of suicide genes. Continued research efforts and clinical advancements are paramount to overcoming the existing challenges and realizing the full potential of CAR T-cell therapy in treating CNS tumors.
Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty for Late Corneal Edema Secondary to Obstetrical Forceps–Related Tears
Authors: Herskowitz William R. , Seery Christopher W. , Camacho Matthew , Dubovy Sander , Koo Ellen H. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of our paper is to describe the outcome of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in patients with a history of known obstetrical forceps–related tears who developed clinically significant corneal edema in their eighth decade of life.

Methods:
Case series.

Results:
Two patients with a known history of obstetrical forceps–related tears presented with corneal edema and vertical tears of Descemet membrane consistent with birth trauma. DMEK was performed for both cases. Case 1 underwent pseudophakic DMEK, and Case 2 underwent combined phacoemulsification and DMEK (triple-DMEK). DMEK grafts were fully attached in both cases at postoperative 1-day and 1-week appointments, as confirmed on slit-lamp examination and anterior segment optical coherence tomography. There was marked improvement in best-corrected visual acuity and corneal edema in both patients.

Conclusions:
We demonstrate that DMEK can afford excellent results in patients with a history of obstetrical forceps injury, who experience corneal edema later in life. In addition, we show that the triple-DMEK can be done successfully in this entity.
Alterations in Neural Activation During Facial Emotion Processing in Adolescent Male Participants With Klinefelter Syndrome
Authors: Vreeland Allison , Reiss Allan L. , Ross Judith , Foland-Ross Lara C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:

Objective:
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common sex-chromosome aneuploidy (47,XXY), affecting 1 in 500 male participants. The phenotype of male participants with KS includes both physical features, such as tall stature and testicular insufficiency, and behavioral alterations, including difficulties in social functioning, anxiety, and depression. Studies examining underlying neural alterations associated with the behavioral phenotype, however, are sparse. We aimed to address this gap in knowledge using functional magnetic resonance imaging in conjunction with an emotion processing paradigm.

Method:
Functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on 38 children and adolescents with KS (M
age = 12.85, SD = 2.45) and 47 typical developing (control) boys (M
age = 12.04, SD = 1.82) as they completed a facial emotion processing task. Group differences in activation occurring during the processing of angry versus neutral faces were examined while controlling for age.

Results:
The results indicated that relative to typically developing boys, boys with KS exhibited anomalous increases in activation of frontal, temporal, and occipital cortices. Within the KS group, secondary analyses indicated that greater activation in these regions was associated with more internalizing symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression, withdrawn behaviors) and greater social impairments (e.g., social cognition, social communication, social motivation, social communication and interaction, functional communication).

Conclusion:
The findings from this study indicate a possible neural correlation for difficulties in social and emotional function in KS and add to a growing body of research aimed at increasing our understanding of neural biomarkers in this condition. Future studies that examine the influence of testosterone-replacement therapy on these differences are warranted.
Behavioral Intervention that Extends Sleep Duration Leads to Greater Self-Control in School-Aged Children
Authors: Spaeth Andrea M. , Hawley Nicola L. , Carskadon Mary A. , Raynor Hollie A. , Jelalian Elissa , Owens Judith A. , Wing Rena R. , Hart Chantelle N. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Short sleep and evening phase preference associate with impaired self-control, yet few studies have assessed the efficacy of sleep extension for improving this behavioral domain. Thus, this secondary analysis of a behavioral sleep intervention measured whether an intervention that enhanced children's sleep also affected self-control. Differences by chronotype were also explored.

Methods:
Sixty-seven children (8–11 yr), who reportedly slept <9.5 hr/d, were randomized to either a control or sleep intervention condition (i.e., 4-session behavioral intervention to enhance sleep by 1–1.5 hr/night). Chronotype was assessed using the Child Chronotype Questionnaire at baseline, and self-control was assessed using the Self-Control Rating Scale (SCRS, a caregiver report) at baseline and 8 weeks postrandomization. Total sleep time (TST) was measured using wrist actigraphy for 1 week at both baseline and 8 weeks postrandomization. Partial correlations and mixed-model ANOVAs were used for statistical analyses, with age as a covariate.

Results:
At baseline, children with shorter TST (r = −0.29, p = 0.02) and an evening preference (r = 0.26, p = 0.049) were perceived as having lower self-control by their caregivers. Significant condition*time interaction effects were found for TST (p < 0.001) and SCRS score (p = 0.046): From baseline to follow-up, children randomized to the sleep intervention exhibited a significant increase in TST and were perceived as having greater self-control by their caregiver; children randomized to the control condition exhibited no change in TST or in SCRS score. The condition*chronotype*time interaction effect was not significant.

Conclusion:
A brief sleep intervention that enhanced TST also resulted in enhanced caregiver reported self-control in school-age children. Results add to the growing evidence for the importance of sleep health in children.
Comparison of intravenous versus perineural dexamethasone as a local anaesthetic adjunct for peripheral nerve blocks in the lower limb
Authors: Desai Neel , Pararajasingham Suji , Onwochei Desire , Albrecht Eric 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
As a local anaesthetic adjunct, the systemic absorption of perineural dexamethasone in the lower limb could be restricted because of decreased vascularity when compared with the upper limb.

OBJECTIVES
To compare the pharmacodynamic characteristics of intravenous and perineural dexamethasone in the lower limb.

DESIGN
Systematic review of randomised controlled trials with meta-analysis.

DATA SOURCES
Systematic search of Central, Google Scholar, Ovid Embase and Ovid Medline to 18 July 2023.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials, which compared the intravenous with perineural administration of dexamethasone as a local anaesthetic adjunct in peripheral nerve blocks for surgery of the lower limb.

RESULTS
The most common peripheral nerve blocks were femoral, sciatic and ankle block. The local anaesthetic was long acting in all trials and the dose of dexamethasone was 8 mg in most trials. The primary outcome, the duration of analgesia, was investigated by all nine trials (n = 546 patients). Overall, compared with intravenous dexamethasone, perineural dexamethasone increased the duration of analgesia from 19.54 to 22.27 h, a mean difference [95% confidence interval (CI) of 2.73 (1.07 to 4.38) h; P = 0.001, I
2 = 87]. The quality of evidence was moderate owing to serious inconsistency. However, analysis based on the location of the peripheral nerve block, the type of local anaesthetic or the use of perineural adrenaline showed no difference in duration between intravenous and perineural dexamethasone. No differences were shown for any of the secondary outcomes related to efficacy and side effects.

CONCLUSION
In summary, moderate evidence supports the superiority of perineural dexamethasone over intravenous dexamethasone in prolonging the duration of analgesia. However, this difference is unlikely to be clinically relevant. Consideration of the perineural use of dexamethasone should recognise that this route of administration remains off label.
Potential for organ donation after controlled circulatory death: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Dias Francisco Santos , Fernandes Diana Martins , Cardoso-Fernandes António , Silva Adriana , Basílio Carla , Gatta Nuno , Roncon-Albuquerque Roberto , Paiva José Artur 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Despite the discrepancy between demand and availability of organs for transplantation, controlled circulatory death donation has not been implemented in Portugal. This study aimed to estimate the potential increase in organ donation from implementing such a program.

Material and Methods:
All deceased patients within the intensive care medicine department at Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, throughout the year 2019, were subjected to retrospective analysis. Potential gain was estimated comparing the results with the number of donors and organs collected during the same period at this hospital center. Differences in variables between groups were assessed using t tests for independent samples or Mann–Whitney U tests for continuous variables, and chi-squared tests were used for categorical variables.

Results:
During 2019, 152 deaths occurred after withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies, 10 of which would have been potentially eligible for donation after controlled circulatory death. We can anticipate a potential increase of 10 prospective donors, a maximum 21% growth in yearly transplantation activity, with a greater impact on kidney transplantation. For most patients, the time between withdrawal of organ support and death surpassed 120 minutes, an outcome explained by variations in withdrawal of life-sustaining measures and insufficient clinical records, underestimating the potential for controlled circulatory arrest donation.

Conclusion:
This study effectively highlights public health benefits of controlled circulatory arrest donation. Legislation allowing donation through this method represents a social gain and enables patients who will never meet brain death criteria to donate organs as part of the end-of-life process in intensive care medicine, within a framework of complete ethical alignment.
Association of serum creatinine trajectories with 1-year mortality after valvular heart surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cho Jin Sun , Choi Mingee , Shim Jae-Kwang , Park Jin Ha , Shin Hye Jung , Choi Hee Won , Kwak Young-Lan 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Acute renal dysfunction is defined by the maximum increase in serum creatinine (sCr) without considering the pattern of change in sCr. We aimed to identify longitudinal patterns (trajectories) of postoperative sCr concentrations and investigate their association with long-term outcomes in patients undergoing valvular heart surgery.

Materials and methods:
In this retrospective review of 3436 patients who underwent valvular heart surgery, we applied trajectory projection cluster analysis to identify the trajectories of sCr changes from baseline during the 7 postoperative days. Primary and secondary endpoints were to investigate the associations of sCr trajectories with mortality using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and a composite of major adverse kidney events (MAKEs) at 1 year after surgery, respectively.

Results:
Four clusters were identified: Clusters 1 and 2, a minimal change in sCr (90.1% of patients); Cluster 3, a significant and persistent increase in sCr (4.1% of patients); and Cluster 4, a significant but transient increase in sCr (5.8% of patients). The 1-year postoperative mortality rate was higher in Cluster 3 (18.4%) and Cluster 4 (11.6%) than in Cluster 1+2 (2.7%). The Kaplan–Meier survival curve demonstrated significant differences in mortality rates among the clusters (log-rank test, P<0.001). In the multivariable Cox analysis, the sCr trajectory cluster was an independent prognostic factor for mortality. Cluster 3 had a higher prevalence of MAKEs (37.6%) compared with Cluster 1+2 (6.8%, P<0.001) and Cluster 4 (24.1%, P=0.045). The cluster was an independent prognostic factor for MAKEs.

Conclusion:
The sCr trajectory clusters exhibited significantly different risks of mortality and MAKEs 1 year after surgery. Through these sCr trajectories, we confirmed that both the extent of sCr increase and its sustainability during the first 7 postoperative days were closely associated with the long-term prognosis after valvular heart surgery.
From Research on TCM Images to Historiography of TCM Images——Comments on History of Chinese Image Culture: Medical Image Volume
Authors: WEI Ran , HUANG Zuozhen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Zhong Hua Tu Xiang Wen Hua Shi Yi Yao Tu Xiang Juan (《中华图像文化史•医药图像卷》History of Chinese Image Culture: Medical Image Volume) is a history of images of Chinese medicine. This work meticulously traces the evolution of Chinese medicine from the pre-Qin and Han dynasties through to the late Qing dynasty and the Republican era, utilizing a rich array of medical and non-medical images. Through detailed analysis and interpretation of these images, the volume reconstructs the developmental trajectory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theories, while also revealing the impact of ideological, cultural, and societal contexts on medical culture and theoretical advancement. Zhong Hua Tu Xiang Wen Hua Shi Yi Yao Tu Xiang Juan has pushed the research of Chinese medical images from purely literary studies to a broader historical context, broadened the research object of Chinese medical history, and constructed a basic framework for the new research field of image medical history. The book not only facilitates a deeper understanding of TCM's historical and contemporary developments, but also holds significant value for scholars engaged in historical literature research or clinical practice, aiming to integrate historical insights.
Progress for all: addressing disparities in sarcoidosis
Authors: Obi Ogugua Ndili , Sharp Michelle , Harper Logan 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
The impact of healthcare disparities in the treatment, care, and outcomes of patients with sarcoidosis has been described. There is paucity of literature on ways to address these disparities with a goal to improving health outcomes for patients with sarcoidosis.

Recent findings
Recent findings in other respiratory and systemic diseases suggest that multifaceted interventions directed at improving care at various levels including individual, family, and larger societal levels have been successful in dismantling some of the social and structural barriers to care and consequently have resulted in a reduction in disparate disease outcomes. We explore what some of these interventions would look like in sarcoidosis.

Summary
The impact of healthcare disparities in the treatment, care, and outcomes of patients with sarcoidosis has been described. We outline various steps and approaches aimed at addressing these health disparities with a goal to improving outcomes for those most impacted by disease.
Optimal long-term anticoagulation after acute pulmonary embolism: current state of the art and a look into the near future
Authors: Kimmerle Andreas Rainer , Noflatscher Maria , Raggam Reinhard Bernd 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
This review aims to summarize the current state of the art and future directions in optimal long-term anticoagulation following acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Recent findings
Actual studies and guidelines underscore the preference for direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) in standard therapeutic doses for maintenance therapy post-PE, while considering patient-specific factors and dose-reduction criteria. Risk stratification should always include the assessment of concomitant trigger- or risk factors regarding their strength and persistence. The use of tools like specific scores can facilitate the identification of optimal candidates for long-term therapy, emphasizing once more personalized approaches and strategies. Special patient groups, such as cancer associated thrombosis, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension or antiphospholipid syndrome require even more tailored therapy approaches.

Summary
Optimal long-term anticoagulation post-PE should be guided by straightforward and individual risk assessment strategies. The array of indications for DOACs has gotten wider in last years, also within special patient groups. Still, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and antiphospholipid syndrome remains domain of vitamin K agonists.
Progress towards permanent respiratory support
Authors: Shin Suji , Nasim Umar , O’Connor Hassana , Hong Yeahwa 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of reviewAlthough lung transplantation stands as the gold standard curative therapy option for end-stage lung disease, the scarcity of available organs poses a significant challenge in meeting the escalating demand. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in ambulatory respiratory assist systems, selective anticoagulation therapies that target the intrinsic pathway, and innovative surface coatings to enable permanent respiratory support as a viable alternative to lung transplantation.Recent findingsSeveral emerging ambulatory respiratory assist systems have shown promise in both preclinical and clinical trials. These systems aim to create more biocompatible, compact, and portable forms of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation that can provide long-term respiratory support. Additionally, innovative selective anticoagulation strategies, currently in various stages of preclinical or clinical development, present a promising alternative to currently utilized nonselective anticoagulants. Moreover, novel surface coatings hold the potential to locally prevent artificial surface-induced thrombosis and minimize bleeding risks.SummaryThis review of recent advancements toward permanent respiratory support summarizes the development of ambulatory respiratory assist systems, selective anticoagulation therapies, and novel surface coatings. The integration of these evolving device technologies with targeted anticoagulation strategies may allow a safe and effective mode of permanent respiratory support for patients with chronic lung disease.