bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LINC00460/miR-186-3p/MYC feedback loop facilitates colorectal cancer immune escape by enhancing CD47 and PD-L1 expressions
Authors: Luo Qingqing , Shen Fei , Zhao Sheng , Dong Lan , Wei Jianchang , Hu He , Huang Qing , Wang Qiang , Yang Ping , Liang Wenlong , Li Wanglin , He Feng , Cao Jie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been implicated as critical regulators of cancer tumorigenesis and progression. However, their functions and molecular mechanisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) still remain to be further elucidated.

Methods
LINC00460 was identified by differential analysis between human CRC and normal tissues and verified by in situ hybridization (ISH) and qRT-PCR. We investigated the biological functions of LINC00460 in CRC by in vitro and in vivo experiments. We predicted the mechanism and downstream functional molecules of LINC00460 by bioinformatics analysis, and confirmed them by dual luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down, etc.

Results
LINC00460 was found to be significantly overexpressed in CRC and associated with poor prognosis. Overexpression of LINC00460 promoted CRC cell immune escape and remodeled a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment, thereby promoting CRC proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistic studies showed that LINC00460 served as a molecular sponge for miR-186-3p, and then promoted the expressions of MYC, CD47 and PD-L1 to facilitate CRC cell immune escape. We also demonstrated that MYC upregulated LINC00460 expression at the transcriptional level and formed a positive feedback loop.

Conclusions
The LINC00460/miR-186-3p/MYC feedback loop promotes CRC cell immune escape and subsequently facilitates CRC proliferation and metastasis. Our findings provide novel insight into LINC00460 as a CRC immune regulator, and provide a potential therapeutic target for CRC patients.
Humans seropositive for Trypanosoma cruzi co-infected with intestinal helminths have higher infectiousness, parasitaemia and Th2-type response in the Argentine Chaco
Authors: Enriquez Gustavo Fabián , Macchiaverna Natalia Paula , Garbossa Graciela , Quebrada Palacio Luz Piedad , Ojeda Bárbara Leonor , Bua Jacqueline , Gaspe María Sol , Cimino Rubén , Gürtler Ricardo Esteban , Postan Miriam , Cardinal Marta Victoria 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The Gran Chaco ecoregion is a well-known hotspot of several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) including Chagas disease, soil-transmitted helminthiasis and multiparasitic infections. Interspecific interactions between parasite species can modify host susceptibility, pathogenesis and transmissibility through immunomodulation. Our objective was to test the association between human co-infection with intestinal parasites and host parasitaemia, infectiousness to the vector and immunological profiles in Trypanosoma cruzi-seropositive individuals residing in an endemic region of the Argentine Chaco.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional serological survey for T. cruzi infection along with an intestinal parasite survey in two adjacent rural villages. Each participant was tested for T. cruzi and Strongyloides stercoralis infection by serodiagnosis, and by coprological tests for intestinal parasite detection. Trypanosoma cruzi bloodstream parasite load was determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR), host infectiousness by artificial xenodiagnosis and serum human cytokine levels by flow cytometry.

Results
The seroprevalence for T. cruzi was 16.1% and for S. stercoralis 11.5% (n = 87). We found 25.3% of patients with Enterobius vermicularis. The most frequent protozoan parasites were Blastocystis spp. (39.1%), Giardia lamblia (6.9%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (3.4%). Multiparasitism occurred in 36.8% of the examined patients. Co-infection ranged from 6.9% to 8.1% for T. cruzi-seropositive humans simultaneously infected with at least one protozoan or helminth species, respectively. The relative odds of being positive by qPCR or xenodiagnosis (i.e. infectious) of 28 T. cruzi-seropositive patients was eight times higher in people co-infected with at least one helminth species than in patients with no such co-infection. Trypanosoma cruzi parasite load and host infectiousness were positively associated with helminth co-infection in a multiple regression analysis. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) response, measured in relation to interleukin (IL)-4 among humans infected with T. cruzi only, was 1.5-fold higher than for T. cruzi-seropositive patients co-infected with helminths. The median concentration of IL-4 was significantly higher in T. cruzi-seropositive patients with a positive qPCR test than in qPCR-negative patients.

Conclusions
Our results show a high level of multiparasitism and suggest that co-infection with intestinal helminths increased T. cruzi parasitaemia and upregulated the Th2-type response in the study patients.

Graphical Abstract
Sampling of Culicoides with nontraditional methods provides unusual species composition and new records for southern Spain
Authors: González Mikel Alexander , Magallanes Sergio , Bravo-Barriga Daniel , Monteys Victor Sarto i , Martínez-de la Puente Josué , Figuerola Jordi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Culicoides midges have been well-studied in Spain, particularly over the last 20 years, mainly because of their role as vectors of arboviral diseases that affect livestock. Most studies on Culicoides are conducted using suction light traps in farmed environments, but studies employing alternative trapping techniques or focusing on natural habitats are scarce.

Methods
In the present study, we analyze Culicoides captured in 2023 at 476 sites in western Andalusia (southern Spain) using carbon dioxide-baited Biogents (BG)-sentinel traps across different ecosystems.

Results
We collected 3,084 Culicoides midges (3060 females and 24 males) belonging to 23 species, including the new species Culicoides grandifovea sp. nov. and the first record of Culicoides pseudolangeroni for Europe. Both species were described with morphological and molecular methods and detailed data on spatial distribution was also recorded. The new species showed close phylogenetic relations with sequences from an unidentified Culicoides from Morocco (92.6% similarity) and with Culicoides kurensis. Culicoides imicola was the most abundant species (17.4%), followed by Culicoides grandifovea sp. nov. (14.6%) and Culicoides kurensis (11.9%). Interestingly, Culicoides montanus was the only species of the obsoletus and pulicaris species complexes captured, representing the first record of this species in southern Spain. A total of 53 valid Culicoides species have been reported in the area, with 48 already reported in literature records and 5 more added in the present study. Information on the flight period for the most common Culicoides species is also provided.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, our study represents the most comprehensive effort ever done on nonfarmland habitats using carbon-dioxide baited suction traps for collecting Culicoides. Our data suggests that using carbon dioxide traps offers a completely different perspective on Culicoides communities compared with routinely used light traps, including the discovery of previously unrecorded species.

Graphical Abstract
Rib myelolipoma: a case report
Authors: Amate Neto André , Preto Felipe Ramos Camargo , de Moraes Amanda Tollini , Salomão Sarah Lopes , Frederigue Thiago Barreto , de Nadai Mariane Nunes , Santos Marcel Koenigkam , de Nadai Tales Rubens 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Myelolipoma is an uncommon benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements. These tumors generally affect the adrenal glands, with anomalous presentations being rare and with few cases described in the literature. Most myelolipomas are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally, either through imaging tests or at autopsies. However, depending on the location and size of the lesion, myelolipomas can cause symptoms of mass effect. This article aims to report a very rare presentation of a symptomatic primary myelolipoma affecting the ribs.

Case presentation
A 21-year-old white female patient presented with a complaint of burning chest pain over 3 months, with gradual worsening in intensity, accompanied by a progressively growing bulge in the right thoracic wall. The patient underwent thoracotomy of the fifth and sixth ribs with complete excision of the lesion with a safety margin. Thoracic wall reconstruction was performed using a polypropylene mesh. The patient had a good postoperative course and was discharged on postoperative day 3. Histopathological examination revealed a histological image consistent with myelolipoma.

Conclusions
This report underscores the importance of considering a myelolipoma diagnosis for tumor masses in the ribs.
Perpetrator characteristics and firearm use in pediatric homicides: Supplementary Homicide Reports - United States, 1976 to 2020
Authors: Berg Mark T. , Rogers Ethan M. , Rochford Hannah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Describe trends in perpetrator characteristics and firearm use in pediatric homicides across the United States.

Methods
Multiply-imputed data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s 1976–2020 Supplementary Homicide Reports were used to estimate perpetrator characteristics (sex, age, and relationship to victim) and firearm use in pediatric homicides. Descriptive analyses were stratified by victim age group, sex, race, and five-year time periods.

Results
Family members were the most common perpetrator of infant and toddler (ages 0–4) and child (ages 5–12) homicides, whereas acquaintances accounted for the majority of adolescent (ages 13–19) homicides. Perpetrator characteristics vary across victim sex and race, particularly among adolescents. Despite overall stability, there were changes in perpetrator characteristics from 1976 to 2020. There was a sustained increase in the proportion of homicides committed with a firearm. In 2016–2020, the proportion of firearm-involved homicides was an all-time high for infant and toddler (14.8%), child (53.1%), and adolescent victims (88.5%).

Conclusions
Policy interventions that improve family stability and well-being may be most effective at preventing infant, toddler, and child homicides, whereas programs that target peer and community relationships, as well as policies that focus on firearm access, may be more crucial for preventing adolescent homicides.
Sustainable polymer reclamation: recycling poly(ethylene terephthalate) glycol (PETG) for 3D printing applications
Authors: Seno Flores João Daniel , de Assis Augusto Thiago , Lopes Vieira Cunha Daniel Aparecido , Gonçalves Beatrice Cesar Augusto , Henrique Backes Eduardo , Costa Lidiane Cristina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDue to their versatile properties and wide-ranging applications across various industries, including manufacturing, polymers are indispensable for today’s society. However, polymer-based products significantly impact the environment since many are single-used plastics and require a long time to degrade naturally. A method to attenuate end-of-life polymers’ ill effects is recycling them to bring them again into the production cycle, from grave to cradle. This investigation involves recycling PETG sheets used in face shield production during the COVID-19 outbreak to fabricate 3D printing filaments for FFF. We assessed poly(ethylene terephthalate) glycol (PETG) processability to up to five recycling cycles and obtained filaments with properties adequate for 3D printing. Rheological, thermal, morphological, and mechanical characterization were analyzed to verify the effect of the number of processing cycles on the properties of the polymer. The recycling cycles originated a decrease in viscosity and elasticity, and the gain in molecular mobility resulted, relatively, in solids with a higher degree of crystallinity and prints with more elliptical depositions. The mechanical properties of printed parts fabricated of recycled material were comparable to those from commercial filament, especially after three extrusion cycles. Both extrusion and additive manufacturing processes successfully recycle material into filaments and printed parts, indicating that the proposed methodology is a promising alternative to bring value back to polymers from solid waste.
Comparison between the diagnostic utility of three-dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery (3D FLAIR) and three dimensional double inversion recovery (3D DIR) magnetic resonance sequences in the assessment of overall load of multiple sclerosis lesions in the brain
Authors: Saad Nehal S. , Gad Azza A. , Elzoghby Mahmoud M. , Ibrahim Heba R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex CNS demyelinating disease. Assessment of MS plaques in specific anatomic locations in the brain was challenging to detect by conventional MRI sequences. So, this study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of 3D FLAIR (Fluid attenuation inversion recovery), or 3D DIR (Double inversion recovery) sequences to conventional 2D FLAIR and T2 sequences in detecting MS plaques in different anatomic sites, as well as counting the total lesion burden.

Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study enrolled 30 MS patients on the basis of McDonald’s criteria 2017. All participants underwent a brain MRI study including 3D FLAIR or 3D DIR sequences, conventional 2D FLAIR, and T2 sequences.

Results
No statistically significant difference between the 3D DIR and 3D FLAIR in total lesion (plaque) burden results; however, when each is compared to the conventional ones, both are superior. 3D FLAIR detected the most significant number of plaques in the periventricular region, followed by 2D FLAIR and T2W sequences, with 3D DIR being the least accurate in this region. Meanwhile, 3D DIR was the most precise and can detect a statistically significant number of cortical plaques compared to the 3D FLAIR and the conventional sequences. No statistically significant results on which sequence is best in regard to infratentorial plaque detection.

Conclusion
3D FLAIR and 3D DIR were superior to 2D FLAIR and T2 sequences in detecting overall lesion burden in MS. Moreover, the 3D DIR sequence was the most precise in the detection of the cortical plaques.
Machine learning-based noninvasive diagnostic classifiers for the prediction of cancer tissue of origin using serum microRNAs.
Authors: Zhang Andrew , Rui Hallgeir , Hu Hai 
Published: August 2024

101 Background: Noninvasive multi-cancer early detection (MCED) with or without tissue of origin (TOO) has the potential to reduce cancer-related mortality by analyzing circulating cell-free nucleic acids and/or proteins in blood. Accurate prediction of TOO following a positive MCED test would guide selection of confirmatory tests, thereby expediting the definitive diagnosis and prompt initiation of the most appropriate treatment, tailored to the specific cancer type. Here, we report the development of machine learning-based diagnostic classifiers that predict TOO for 13 cancer types with high accuracy using serum microRNAs. Methods: Eight serum miRNA microarray datasets from GEO totaling 6,283 patients across 13 cancer types were used in this study. The patients were split, with an approximate 3:2 ratio, into a training (n=3,844) and a validation set (n=2,439). An ensemble of classifiers was constructed in the training set via the “one vs. rest” approach, thus one classifier for each cancer type. Random forest models with recursive feature elimination (RFE) selected the optimal set of miRNAs that was fed into support vector machine models to generate a prediction probability for each cancer type. The type with the highest probability was considered the predicted cancer type. The performance of these classifiers was evaluated in the validation set in two steps with the 1st using all cancer types and the 2nd using the top 2 or 3 cancer types from the 1st step to achieve a refined prediction. Results: RFE selected 426 miRNAs for building the 13 classification models. In the validation set comprising 2,439 patients across 12 cancer types, the classifiers correctly predicted cancer types for 1,922 (79%) samples based on the highest prediction probability. The accuracy increased to 92% and 95% based on top 2 and 3 predictions. In particular, based on top 3 predictions, the accuracy was >95% for bladder, breast, prostate, gastric, glioma and lung cancers, >85% for ovarian, liver and esophageal cancers, 78% for pancreatic cancer and sarcoma, and 67% for colorectal cancer. Conclusions: With 95% accuracy in narrowing TOO down to 3 organ sites, the miRNA-based TOO classifiers could be used clinically as a reflex test for the simple and highly accurate MCED screening models previously developed ( Cancers 2022,14:1450; ESMO 2024). Together, they support the development of an inexpensive, accurate and noninvasive blood test for MCED with TOO.
Real-world insights from comprehensive genomic profiling across multiple cancer types.
Authors: Hung Ling-Jen , Huang Chen-Yang , Chen Jen-Shi , Huang Wen-Kuan , Hsu Chih-Chung , Fang Yueh-Fu , Wang Chih-Liang , Liu Ping-Chi , Yeh Kun-Yun , Chang Pei-Hung , Chang John Wen-Cheng , Lin Yung-Chang , Huang Shiu-Feng , Chou Wen-Chi 
Published: August 2024

106 Background: This retrospective study was conducted to analyze tumor tissue profiling data to assess the potential of applying comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) in patient care across diverse solid tumors. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent stage IIIB or IV lung adenocarcinoma with the null immunophenotype, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, or bile duct cancer between January 2020 and July 2023 at two medical centers in Taiwan were included in the National Biobank Consortium of Taiwan project. The tumor samples were subjected to CGP using FoundationOneCDx, with therapeutic implications determined using OncoKB classification. Results: FoundationOneCDx testing of 574 patients was successful in 456 (79.4%) patients. Clinically actionable genomic alterations were detected in 21.1% (96/456) of the patients, including 17.5%, 2.9%, and 0.7% of patients at evidence levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Lung adenocarcinoma accounted for the largest proportion of samples with at least one actionable gene alteration (63.2%), followed by bile duct (26.9%), gastric (17.6%), esophageal (4.0%), and pancreatic (3.1%) cancer. Based on the CGP results, 43 patients (9.4%) received matched targeted therapy. The median overall survival of patients who received matched therapy or not was 26.1 months (95% confidence interval (CI), 16.7–35.5 months) and 10.6 months (95% CI, 8.1–13.1 months; hazard ratio, 0.28, 95% CI, 0.14–0.55, p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: This study provides comprehensive insights into genomic profiling across diverse cancers in Taiwan, highlighting the crucial role of CGP in identifying actionable genomic alterations and guiding effective therapeutic strategies in real-world practice.
Molecular tumor board: Real-world experience in a tertiary cancer centre in Singapore.
Authors: Ang Su Fen , Tan Daniel Shao-Weng 
Published: August 2024

107 Background: Genomic profiling is increasingly employed to support diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Our Molecular tumor boards (MTBs) serves as a collaborative platform for a multi-disciplinary team of oncologists, pathologists, scientists, bioinformaticians, genetic counsellors and research coordinators to discuss and match patients to the most relevant therapies and/or clinical trials. We report here the evaluation of our MTBs for year 2023 with the aim of identifying challenges and opportunities for successful implementation of precision oncology. Methods: Regular monthly MTBs were conducted to discuss molecular profiles from predominantly advanced-stage patients enrolled to the IMPACT study (Individualized Molecular Profiling for Allocation to Clinical Trials NCT02806388). Next-generation sequencing was performed either in-house using Oncomine or commercial FoundationOne panels. Additional tests such as whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) were also performed where indicated. MTB recommendations were documented for follow-up and analysis. Results: A total of 102 out of 611 profiled patients were discussed in MTBs in 2023, with an average of 8.6 patients per month. Top 3 cancer types were gastrointestinal (32%), breast (18%) and lung (18%). 65/102 (63.7%) cases had MTB recommendations, of which 21 (20.6%) had multiple recommendations. Overall uptake rate for recommendations was 23.8% (29/122). Conclusions: MTB plays an important role in identifying therapeutic opportunities by factoring in patient variables, available data and physician experience while at the same time provides an avenue for further investigation to gather cumulative evidence. Frequent reasons encountered for not adopting the recommendations include: (1) insufficient sample to proceed with further investigations, (2) limited access to off-label treatments, and (3) additional considerations to participate in clinical trials. To fully realize the value of MTB, we will focus on (1) defining the molecular tests for efficient profiling, (2) crafting a route for special access to treatments and (3) increasing awareness and understanding of clinical trials. [Table: see text]
Patient reported outcome measures at a large district general hospital post-mastectomy and implant based reconstruction.
Authors: Fraser Danny 
Published: August 2024

11 Background: Breast reconstruction surgery for cancer can be a debilitating and life changing experience for patients, with complex affects on physical and mental health throughout the rehabilitation journey. We conduct a study on a cohort of patients undergoing this procedure, with focus on patient reported outcome measures. Methods: We reviewed all patients who underwent breast reconstruction surgery at our hospital from 2017 to 20223. Demographic, diagnosis, pre- and post-operative adjuvant treatment, and implant characteristics were collected. Psychosocial well being, physical wellbeing, satisfaction with breasts scales of the BREAST-Q were used. Independent t-test was conducted to find differences between PROMs for each group, and linear regression of age and implant size on each score. Results: 69 patients were contacted and 39 PROMS collected. The average age of patients was 57.6 years old. 40% were previous or current smokers and 40.8% had BMI>30. 29 had pre-pectoral placement and 40 sub-pectoral. 17 had smooth implants and 52 textured. The average size of implant was 330mm. Immediate reconstruction was associated with a lower psychosocial score (66.0vs86.9, p=0.02) compared to multi-stage implants. Sub pectoral placement was associated with a higher (75.7vs61.9 p=0.046) psychosocial score than pre pectoral placement. Textured surface was associated with lower physical score than smooth surface (34.7vs50.2 P=0.046). On linear regression, age was positively associated (p=0.007) with psychosocial score. Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of personalized approaches in surgery, considering implant type, placement technique, and patient age. Surgeons should prioritize patient preferences and needs to optimize post-surgical satisfaction and well-being.