bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of derm dotting in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Authors: Van Hevele J. , Hauben E. , Haspeslagh M. , Agbaje O. , Salem A. , Schoenaers J. , Politis C. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPurpose: Derm dotting is a new method of marking skin biopsies, and it is used by dermatopathologists to identify most diagnostic tissues on a microscopic slide. This method uses nail varnish to mark specific lesions and suspected section planes, or to orient skin resections. The nail varnish is resistant to different tissue processes, discernible while cutting the tissue block, and easily recognizable under the microscope. We examined the effectiveness of derm dotting on intraoral tissues.Methods: We used the derm‐dotting technique on the intraoral tissues of nine patients who underwent resection of a squamous carcinoma. We also tested this method on frozen sections.Results: In all cases of resected tissue, the nail varnish was visible under gross examination, traceable while cutting the tissue block, and clearly visible in the definitive sections. The dots were preserved in the frozen sections, but they were lost in half of the decalcified tissues.Conclusions: Derm dotting is an inexpensive, simple method that can replace the stitching technique used by surgeons to orient specimens. The stitches have to be removed by the pathologist, therefore possibly creating an artifact in the biopsy. The varnish dots or lines can be used to orient the specimen. In addition, the dots can easily mark suspect borders or areas of interest to be examined by the pathologist, using different colors, if desired. With derm dotting, the pathologist receives a more representative slide enabling a more accurate clinicopathological correlation.
Outcomes of emergency department thoracotomy in a tertiary care Canadian trauma centre
Authors: Owen Julian J , Sne Niv , Coates Angela , Channan Peter K 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveEmergency department thoracotomy (EDT) is a rare and potentially life-saving intervention performed for trauma patients in extremis. EDT is rare at Canadian trauma centres because of our infrequent occurrence of penetrating trauma. This study was undertaken to evaluate outcomes at a Canadian level 1 trauma facility and compare survival to large published datasets. Also, we evaluated the appropriateness of an EDT performed at our centre based on published national guidelines.MethodsRetrospective medical record review of all patients undergoing an EDT during their resuscitation in the emergency department. Records were identified using our trauma registry, and all charts were manually reviewed. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge.ResultsOver a 20-year period, 58 EDTs were performed with 6 (10.3%) survivors. Patients undergoing an EDT secondary to penetrating trauma had the highest survival (5 of 24 patients or 20.8% survival) compared to patients undergoing an EDT for blunt trauma (1 of 34 patients or 2.9% survival). Patients undergoing an EDT who had not suffered cardiac arrest represented the group with the highest survival rate (3 of 6 patients or 50% survival). The majority of EDTs (79.3%) were indicated, and no patient undergoing an EDT survived if it was performed outside of published guidelines.ConclusionsSurvival following an EDT in our small, regional trauma centre is consistent with survival rates from larger published datasets. An EDT should continue to be performed under accepted clinical indications.
Public Risk Perceptions and Preventive Behaviors During the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic
Authors: Kim Yushim , Zhong Wei , Jehn Megan , Walsh Lauren 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the public perception of the 2009 H1N1 influenza risk and its association with flu-related knowledge, social contexts, and preventive behaviors during the second wave of the influenza outbreak in Arizona.MethodsStatistical analyses were conducted on survey data, which were collected from a random-digit telephone survey of the general public in Arizona in October 2009.ResultsThe public perceived different levels of risk regarding the likelihood and their concern about contracting the 2009 H1N1 flu. These measures of risk perception were primarily correlated with people of Hispanic ethnicity, having children in the household, and recent seasonal flu experience in the previous year. The perceived likelihood was not strongly associated with preventive behaviors, whereas the perceived concern was significantly associated with precautionary and preparatory behaviors. The association between perceived concern and precautionary behavior persisted after controlling for demographic characteristics.ConclusionsPandemic preparedness and response efforts need to incorporate these findings to help develop effective risk communication strategies that properly induce preventive behaviors among the public. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:145-154)
Do Shared Barriers When Reporting to Work During an Influenza Pandemic Influence Hospital Workers’ Willingness to Work? A Multilevel Framework
Authors: Park Yoon Soo , Behrouz-Ghayebi Laudan , Sury Jonathan J. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveCharacteristics associated with interventions and barriers that influence health care workers’ willingness to report for duty during an influenza pandemic were identified. Additionally, this study examined whether workers who live in proximal geographic regions shared the same barriers and would respond to the same interventions.MethodsHospital employees (n=2965) recorded changes in willingness to work during an influenza pandemic on the basis of interventions aimed at mitigating barriers. Distance from work, hospital type, job role, and family composition were examined by clustering the effects of barriers from reporting for duty and region of residence.ResultsAcross all workers, providing protection for the family was the greatest motivator for willingness to work during a pandemic. Respondents who expressed the same barriers and lived nearby shared common responses in their willingness to work. Younger employees and clinical support staff were more receptive to interventions. Increasing distance from home to work was significantly associated with a greater likelihood to report to work for employees who received time off.ConclusionsHospital administrators should consider the implications of barriers and areas of residence on the disaster response capacity of their workforce. Our findings underscore communication and development of preparedness plans to improve the resilience of hospital workers to mitigate absenteeism (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:175-185).
Severity of Disease Estimation and Risk-Adjustment for Comparison of Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Using Electronic Routine Care Data
Authors: van Mourik Maaike S. M. , Moons Karel G. M. ,   MICU Registry, Murphy Michael V. , Bonten Marc J. M. , Klompas Michael 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUNDValid comparison between hospitals for benchmarking or pay-for-performance incentives requires accurate correction for underlying disease severity (case-mix). However, existing models are either very simplistic or require extensive manual data collection.OBJECTIVETo develop a disease severity prediction model based solely on data routinely available in electronic health records for risk-adjustment in mechanically ventilated patients.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.PARTICIPANTSMechanically ventilated patients from a single tertiary medical center (2006–2012).METHODSPredictors were extracted from electronic data repositories (demographic characteristics, laboratory tests, medications, microbiology results, procedure codes, and comorbidities) and assessed for feasibility and generalizability of data collection. Models for in-hospital mortality of increasing complexity were built using logistic regression. Estimated disease severity from these models was linked to rates of ventilator-associated events.RESULTSA total of 20,028 patients were initiated on mechanical ventilation, of whom 3,027 deceased in hospital. For models of incremental complexity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.83 to 0.88. A simple model including demographic characteristics, type of intensive care unit, time to intubation, blood culture sampling, 8 common laboratory tests, and surgical status achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.86–0.88) with adequate calibration. The estimated disease severity was associated with occurrence of ventilator-associated events.CONCLUSIONSAccurate estimation of disease severity in ventilated patients using electronic, routine care data was feasible using simple models. These estimates may be useful for risk-adjustment in ventilated patients. Additional research is necessary to validate and refine these models.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(7):807–815
Trepostomate bryozoans from the upper Katian (Upper Ordovician) of Morocco: gigantism in high latitude Gondwana platforms
Authors: Jiménez-Sánchez Andrea , Vennin Enmanuelle , Villas Enrique 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA study of the Upper Ordovician trepostomate bryozoans belonging to the families Amplexoporidae and Monticuliporidae, from the eastern Anti-Atlas of Morocco, is presented here. They occur in the marly to fine-grained limestone, intermediate unit of the Khabt-el-Hajar Formation, late Katian in age, representing outer-ramp depositional environments. They inhabited the highest paleolatitude known for a bryozoan fauna during the Ordovician, estimated at more than 65–70ºS. A total of 11 species of the generaAnaphragma,Atactoporella,Homotrypa,Monotrypa,Monticulipora, andPrasoporaare described. Three species are already known from the equatorial-tropical paleocontinents of Baltica, Laurentia, and Siberia:Anaphragma mirabile,Monotrypa jewensis, andPrasopora falesi. Four new taxa are described:Anaphragma undulata,Atactoporella moroccoensis,Monticulipora globulata, andMonticulipora irregularis.The two species ofAnaphragmaand the one ofAtactoporelladisplay significantly larger zoarial sizes than congeneric species, representing gigantism among bryozoans. Polar gigantism is rejected for the two species ofAnaphragmaas is gigantism related to photosynthetic endosymbionts. An alternative proposal for their giant size is their long zoarial life span due to their well-balanced, robust branching form, with a relatively wide basal supporting surface, adapted to unconsolidated substrates in environments below wave base. Their great stability in outer-ramp environments, with infrequent storms, would allow the zoaria to grow for an extended time and reach large sizes before being overturned and buried.Atactoporella moroccoensis, has both zoaria and zooecia gigantic, suggesting a hypothesis of polar gigantism.
New Ediacaran fossils from the uppermost Blueflower Formation, northwest Canada: disentangling biostratigraphy and paleoecology
Authors: Carbone Calla A. , Narbonne Guy M. , Macdonald Francis A. , Boag Thomas H. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNew Ediacaran fossil finds at Sekwi Brook occur in lower shoreface to offshore transition beds at the top of the Blueflower Formation, which are the most shallow-water facies and the youngest strata in which Ediacara-type fossils have been described from the Mackenzie Mountains of NW Canada. Newly discovered Ediacaran body fossils include two new tubular genera: Sekwitubulus annulatus new genus new species was a mm-diameter rigid annulated tube that was rooted to the sea bottom by a holdfast; Annulatubus flexuosus n. gen. n. sp. was a cm-diameter, flexible annulated tube. In conjunction with previously described large attachment discs representing the form-genus Aspidella and a single specimen of the dickinsonid Windermeria, these fossils define an assemblage that differs markedly from the rangeomorph-dominated deeper-water and older assemblages lower in the same section at Sekwi Brook. In contrast, trace fossils show little change upwards through the Blueflower Formation, at least in part reflecting their origin by microbial grazers on mats that formed during low-energy periods in both deep- and shallow-water environments. This implies that the stratigraphic succession of Ediacaran fossils in NW Canada and probably globally represents both evolutionary changes with age and the paleoecology of specific depositional settings.
Distinguishing Earth’s oldest known bryozoan (Pywackia, late Cambrian) from pennatulacean octocorals (Mesozoic–Recent)
Authors: Landing Ed , Antcliffe Jonathan B. , Brasier Martin D. , English Adam B. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBryozoans and all biomineralized metazoan phyla extend back into the Cambrian.PywackiaLanding, 2010 is confirmed as a secondarily phosphatized, late Cambrian stenolaemate bryozoan with colonial habit; mineralized zooarium (originally calcareous); granular/rarely granular-prismatic histology of its trilamellar walls; and polymorphism shown by deep autozooecia with diaphragms and hemiphragms, axial zooecia with diaphragms, and probable nanozooecia. The irregular form ofPywackiareflects growth as a 14-hedron that could not branch and a lack of structures such as thickened walls or styles that maintain regular autozooecial spacing in later stenolaemates.Pywackiais a stem group stenolaemate with a stolon modified into a budding axial zooid and autozooid budding. It is morphologically simpler than the highly evolved late Tremadocian bryozoans of South China with features such as styles, cystiphragms, thickened zooecial walls, and massive or branching colonies. As with some bryozoans,Pywackialacks holdfasts but has lineated living chambers and variably sized autozooecia. The late Cambrian origin of bryozoans, euconodonts, polyplacophorans, and cephalopods set the stage for the Ordovician Radiation’s complex communities.Pywackiais not a pennatulacean octocoral. It lacks both a pennatulacean axial rod histology and a budding zooid that remains confluent with daughter autozooids. Indeed,Pywackiawalled off its axial zooid. Similarity of the 6- and 12-sidedPywackiazooarium with circular to 4-sided pennatulacean axes only includes calcareous composition and the general shapes ofPywackiazooaria and someLituariaaxial rods. The pennatulacean record does not extend from the Mesozoic into the Cambrian, and early cnidarians were not phosphatic. The diagnosis ofPywackiais modified.
Early Jurassic Trochotomidae (Vetigastropoda, Pleurotomarioidea) from the Neuquén Basin, Argentina
Authors: Ferrari S. Mariel , Damborenea Susana E. , Manceñido Miguel O. , Griffin Miguel 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTrochotomidae is a small but distinctive extinct family of pleurotomarioidean gastropods characterized by trochiform shells with an elliptical trema. Two new species of trochotomids are described from Pliensbachian deposits in the Neuquén Basin, Argentina. The new genus-group namePlacotomais proposed to replace the pre-occupied nameDiscotomaHaber non Mulsant. The record ofTrochotoma(Trochotoma)protonotialisnew species andTrochotoma(Placotoma)neuquensisnew species in the early Jurassic of Argentina extends the paleobiogeographical distribution of the genus (and the family) to the Southern Hemisphere. The new taxa reported here represent a component of the pleurotomarioidean adaptive radiation that took place in the Tethyan region during the earliest Jurassic. They are related to local patch coral reefs of shallow, open-marine paleoenvironments, agreeing with the known habitat of most species of this family. The group was well represented in the Tethyan region during the Mesozoic, especially during the Jurassic, and the new species represent its southernmost occurrence.
Gomphothere proboscidean (Gomphotherium) from the late Neogene of Panama
Authors: MacFadden Bruce J. , Morgan Gary S. , Jones Douglas S. , Rincon Aldo F. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe proboscideanGomphotheriumis reported here from the Alajuela Formation of Panama.Gomphotheriumwas widespread throughout Holarctica during the Miocene, and the Panama fossil represents the extreme southernmost occurrence of this genus in the New World. Allocation of the PanamaGomphotheriumto a valid species is impossible given both the fragmentary material represented and the taxonomic complexity of species assigned to this genus. In North America,Gomphotheriumhas a relatively long biochronological range from the middle Miocene (~15 Ma) to early Pliocene (~5 Ma). Based on morphological comparisons, the PanamaGomphotheriumis either middle Miocene, thus representing the earliest-known entry of this genus into Central America, or late Miocene/early Pliocene, which challenges the currently accepted middle Miocene age of the Alajuela Formation as it has been previously reported from Panama.
DECIDABILITY FOR THEORIES OF MODULES OVER VALUATION DOMAINS
Authors: GREGORY LORNA 
Published: July 2015

AbstractExtending work of Puninski, Puninskaya and Toffalori in [5], we show that if V is an effectively given valuation domain then the theory of all V-modules is decidable if and only if there exists an algorithm which, given a, b ε V, answers whether a ε rad(bV). This was conjectured in [5] for valuation domains with dense value group, where it was proved for valuation domains with dense archimedean value group. The only ingredient missing from [5] to extend the result to valuation domains with dense value group or infinite residue field is an algorithm which decides inclusion for finite unions of Ziegler open sets. We go on to give an example of a valuation domain with infinite Krull dimension, which has decidable theory of modules with respect to one effective presentation and undecidable theory of modules with respect to another. We show that for this to occur infinite Krull dimension is necessary.
HARRINGTON’S PRINCIPLE IN HIGHER ORDER ARITHMETIC
Authors: CHENG YONG , SCHINDLER RALF 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLetZ2,Z3, andZ4denote 2nd, 3rd, and 4thorder arithmetic, respectively. We let Harrington’s Principle, HP, denote the statement that there is a realxsuch that everyx-admissible ordinal is a cardinal inL. The known proofs of Harrington’s theorem “$Det\left( {{\rm{\Sigma }}_1^1} \right)$implies 0♯exists” are done in two steps: first show that$Det\left( {{\rm{\Sigma }}_1^1} \right)$implies HP, and then show that HP implies 0♯exists. The first step is provable inZ2. In this paper we show thatZ2+ HP is equiconsistent with ZFC and thatZ3+ HP is equiconsistent with ZFC + there exists a remarkable cardinal. As a corollary,Z3+ HP does not imply 0♯exists, whereas Z4+ HP does. We also study strengthenings of Harrington’s Principle over 2ndand 3rdorder arithmetic.
SILVER ANTICHAINS
Authors: SPINAS OTMAR , WYSZKOWSKI MAREK 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the structure of uncountable maximal antichains of Silver forcing and show that they have to be at least of size d, where d is the dominating number. Part of this work can be used to show that the additivity of the Silver forcing ideal has size at least the unbounding number b. It follows that every reasonable amoeba Silver forcing adds a dominating real.
UNDECIDABILITY OF CONSEQUENCE RELATION IN FULL NON-ASSOCIATIVE LAMBEK CALCULUS
Authors: CHVALOVSKÝ KAREL 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe prove that the consequence relation in the Full Non-associative Lambek Calculus is undecidable. An encoding of the halting problem for 2-tag systems using finitely many sequents in the language {⋅,∨} is presented. Therefore already the consequence relation in this fragment is undecidable. Moreover, the construction works even when the structural rules of exchange and contraction are added.
TOPOLOGICAL COMPLETENESS OF LOGICS ABOVES4
Authors: BEZHANISHVILI GURAM , GABELAIA DAVID , LUCERO-BRYAN JOEL 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIt is a celebrated result of McKinsey and Tarski [28] thatS4is the logic of the closure algebraΧ+over any dense-in-itself separable metrizable space. In particular,S4is the logic of the closure algebra over the realsR, the rationalsQ, or the Cantor spaceC. By [5], each logic aboveS4that has the finite model property is the logic of a subalgebra ofQ+, as well as the logic of a subalgebra ofC+. This is no longer true forR, and the main result of [5] states that each connected logic aboveS4with the finite model property is the logic of a subalgebra of the closure algebraR+.In this paper we extend these results to all logics aboveS4. Namely, for a normal modal logicL, we prove that the following conditions are equivalent: (i)Lis aboveS4, (ii)Lis the logic of a subalgebra ofQ+, (iii)Lis the logic of a subalgebra ofC+. We introduce the concept of a well-connected logic aboveS4and prove that the following conditions are equivalent: (i)Lis a well-connected logic, (ii)Lis the logic of a subalgebra of the closure algebra$\xi _2^ + $over the infinite binary tree, (iii)Lis the logic of a subalgebra of the closure algebra${\bf{L}}_2^ + $over the infinite binary tree with limits equipped with the Scott topology. Finally, we prove that a logicLaboveS4is connected iffLis the logic of a subalgebra ofR+, and transfer our results to the setting of intermediate logics.Proving these general completeness results requires new tools. We introduce the countable general frame property (CGFP) and prove that each normal modal logic has the CGFP. We introduce general topological semantics forS4, which generalizes topological semantics the same way general frame semantics generalizes Kripke semantics. We prove that the categories of descriptive frames forS4and descriptive spaces are isomorphic. It follows that every logic aboveS4is complete with respect to the corresponding class of descriptive spaces. We provide several ways of realizing the infinite binary tree with limits, and prove that when equipped with the Scott topology, it is an interior image of bothCandR. Finally, we introduce gluing of general spaces and prove that the space obtained by appropriate gluing involving certain quotients ofL2is an interior image ofR.
THE MOUSE SET CONJECTURE FOR SETS OF REALS
Authors: SARGSYAN GRIGOR , STEEL JOHN 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe show that the Mouse Set Conjecture for sets of reals is true in the minimal model of ADℝ + “Θ is regular”. As a consequence, we get that below ADℝ + “Θ is regular”, models of AD++¬ADℝ are hybrid mice over ℝ. Such a representation of models of AD+ is important in core model induction applications.
Are Manager-controlled Firms More Likely to Bribe than Shareholder-controlled Firms: A Cross-cultural Analysis
Authors: Chen Chung-wen , Cullen John B. , Parboteeah K. Praveen 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTTo examine the bribing behavior of firms, we developed a cross-level moderation model using agency theory at the firm level and anomie theory at the societal level to investigate the relationship between manager control of firms and firm bribery activity. The results of this cross-cultural analysis using a sample of 1,799 firms from 38 nations showed that at the firm level, manager-controlled firms (MCFs) have a higher propensity to bribe than shareholder-controlled firms. At the country level, bribery is higher in MCFs (relative to shareholder-controlled firms) in societies with a low level of institutional collectivism, a high level of uncertainty avoidance, economic change, and income inequality. Contrary to the hypothesis, the relationship between bribery and manager control is stronger rather than weaker in societies with press freedom. Implications for future research and practices are discussed.