bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Long-Term Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: van Nimwegen Frederika A. , Schaapveld Michael , Janus Cecile P.M. , Krol Augustinus D.G. , Raemaekers John M.M. , Kremer Leontien C.M. , Stovall Marilyn , Aleman Berthe M.P. , van Leeuwen Flora E. 
Published: August 2014

Purpose Recently, an increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) was observed after abdominal irradiation for childhood cancer. Because many Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors have also been treated with infradiaphragmatic radiotherapy, we evaluated the association between HL treatment and DM risk. Patients and Methods Our study cohort comprised 2,264 5-year HL survivors, diagnosed before age 51 years and treated between 1965 and 1995. Treatment and follow-up information was collected from medical records and general practitioners. Radiation dosimetry was performed to estimate radiation dose to the pancreas. Cumulative incidence of DM was estimated, and risk factors for DM were evaluated by using Cox regression. Results After a median follow-up of 21.5 years, 157 patients developed DM. Overall cumulative incidence of DM after 30 years was 8.3% (95% CI, 6.9% to 9.8%). After para-aortic radiation with ≥ 36 Gy, the 30-year cumulative incidence of DM was 14.2% (95% CI, 10.7% to 18.3%). Irradiation with ≥ 36 Gy to the para-aortic lymph nodes and spleen was associated with a 2.30-fold increased risk of DM (95% CI, 1.54- to 3.44-fold) whereas para-aortic radiation alone with ≥ 36 Gy was associated with a 1.82-fold increased risk (95% CI, 1.02- to 3.25-fold). Lower doses (10 to 35 Gy) did not significantly increase risk of DM. The risk of DM significantly increased with higher mean radiation doses to the pancreatic tail (P < .001). Conclusion Radiation to the para-aortic lymph nodes increases the risk of developing DM in 5-year HL survivors. Screening for DM should be considered in follow-up guidelines for HL survivors, and treating physicians should be alert to this increased risk.
Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis
Authors: Ustun Celalettin , Reiter Andreas , Scott Bart L. , Nakamura Ryotaro , Damaj Gandhi , Kreil Sebastian , Shanley Ryan , Hogan William J. , Perales Miguel-Angel , Shore Tsiporah , Baurmann Herrad , Stuart Robert , Gruhn Bernd , Doubek Michael , Hsu Jack W. , Tholouli Eleni , Gromke Tanja , Godley Lucy A. , Pagano Livio , Gilman Andrew , Wagner Eva Maria , Shwayder Tor , Bornhäuser Martin , Papadopoulos Esperanza B. , Böhm Alexandra , Vercellotti Gregory , Van Lint Maria Teresa , Schmid Christoph , Rabitsch Werner , Pullarkat Vinod , Legrand Faezeh , Yakoub-agha Ibrahim , Saber Wael , Barrett John , Hermine Olivier , Hagglund Hans , Sperr Wolfgang R. , Popat Uday , Alyea Edwin P. , Devine Steven , Deeg H. Joachim , Weisdorf Daniel , Akin Cem , Valent Peter 
Published: August 2014

PurposeAdvanced systemic mastocytosis (SM), a fatal hematopoietic malignancy characterized by drug resistance, has no standard therapy. The effectiveness of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (alloHCT) in SM remains unknown.Patients and MethodsIn a global effort to define the value of HCT in SM, 57 patients with the following subtypes of SM were evaluated: SM associated with clonal hematologic non–mast cell disorders (SM-AHNMD; n = 38), mast cell leukemia (MCL; n = 12), and aggressive SM (ASM; n = 7). Median age of patients was 46 years (range, 11 to 67 years). Donors were HLA-identical (n = 34), unrelated (n = 17), umbilical cord blood (n = 2), HLA-haploidentical (n = 1), or unknown (n = 3). Thirty-six patients received myeloablative conditioning (MAC), and 21 patients received reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC).ResultsResponses in SM were observed in 40 patients (70%), with complete remission in 16 patients (28%). Twelve patients (21%) had stable disease, and five patients (9%) had primary refractory disease. Overall survival (OS) at 3 years was 57% for all patients, 74% for patients with SM-AHNMD, 43% for those with ASM, and 17% for those with MCL. The strongest risk factor for poor OS was MCL. Survival was also lower in patients receiving RIC compared with MAC and in patients having progression compared with patients having stable disease or response.ConclusionAlloHCT was associated with long-term survival in patients with advanced SM. Although alloHCT may be considered as a viable and potentially curative therapeutic option for advanced SM in the meantime, given that this is a retrospective analysis with no control group, the definitive role of alloHCT will need to be determined by a prospective trial.
Hospice Admissions for Cancer in the Final Days of Life: Independent Predictors and Implications for Quality Measures
Authors: O'Connor Nina R. , Hu Rong , Harris Pamela S. , Ache Kevin , Casarett David J. 
Published: August 2014

Purpose To define patient characteristics associated with hospice enrollment in the last 3 days of life, and to describe adjusted proportions of patients with late referrals among patient subgroups that could be considered patient-mix adjustment variables for this quality measure. Methods Electronic health record–based retrospective cohort study of patients with cancer admitted to 12 hospices in the Coalition of Hospices Organized to Investigate Comparative Effectiveness network. Results Of 64,264 patients admitted to hospice with cancer, 10,460 (16.3%) had a length of stay ≤ 3 days. There was significant variation among hospices (range, 11.4% to 24.5%). In multivariable analysis, among patients referred to hospice, patients who were admitted in the last 3 days of life were more likely to have a hematologic malignancy, were more likely to be male and married, and were younger (age < 65 years). Patients with Medicaid or self-insurance were less likely to be admitted to hospice within 3 days of death. Conclusion Quality measures of hospice lengths of stay should include patient-mix adjustments for type of cancer and site of care. Patients with hematologic malignancies are at especially increased risk for late admission to hospice.
A Dopamine Receptor D2-Type Agonist Attenuates the Ability of Stress to Alter Sleep in Mice
Authors: Jefferson F. , Ehlen J. C. , Williams N. S. , Montemarano J. J. , Paul K. N. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Although sleep disruptions that accompany stress reduce quality of life and deteriorate health, the mechanisms through which stress alters sleep remain obscure. Psychological stress can alter sleep in a variety of ways, but it has been shown to be particularly influential on rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Prolactin (PRL), a sexually dimorphic, stress-sensitive hormone whose basal levels are higher in females, has somnogenic effects on REM sleep. In the current study, we examined the relationship between PRL secretion and REM sleep after restraint stress to determine whether: 1) the ability of stress to increase REM sleep is PRL-dependent, and 2) fluctuating PRL levels underlie sex differences in sleep responses to stress. Because dopamine D2 receptors in the pituitary gland are the primary regulator of PRL secretion, D2 receptor agonist, 1-[(6-allylergolin-8β-yl)-carbonyl]-1-[3-(dimethylamino) propyl]-3-ethylurea (cabergoline), was used to attenuate PRL levels in mice before 1 hour of restraint stress. Mice were implanted with electroencephalographic/electromyographic recording electrodes and received an ip injection of either 0.3-mg/kg cabergoline or vehicle before a control procedure of 1 hour of sleep deprivation by gentle handling during the light phase. Six days after the control procedure, mice received cabergoline or vehicle 15 minutes before 1 hour of restraint stress. Cabergoline blocked the ability of restraint stress to increase REM sleep amount in males but did not alter REM sleep amount after stress in females even though it reduced basal REM sleep amount in female controls. These data provide evidence that the ability for restraint stress to increase REM sleep is dependent on PRL and that sex differences in REM sleep amount may be driven by PRL.
Maternal Early-Pregnancy Thyroid Function Is Associated With Subsequent Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: The Generation R Study
Authors: Medici Marco , Korevaar Tim I. M. , Schalekamp-Timmermans Sarah , Gaillard Romy , de Rijke Yolanda B. , Visser W. Edward , Visser Willy , de Muinck Keizer-Schrama Sabine M. P. F. , Hofman Albert , Hooijkaas Herbert , Bongers-Schokking Jacoba J. , Tiemeier Henning , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. , Visser Theo J. , Peeters Robin P. , Steegers Eric A. P. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are associated with a wide range of maternal and fetal complications, and only a few risk factors are known for the development of these disorders during pregnancy. Conflicting and limited data are available on the relationship between thyroid (dys)function and the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Objective:
The objective of the investigation was to study the associations between early-pregnancy thyroid dysfunction, thyroid function within the normal range, and the risk of hypertensive disorders.

Design, Setting, and Participants:
In early pregnancy, serum TSH, free T4 (FT4), and thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels were determined in 5153 pregnant women. No interventions were done. The associations of thyroid function with the risk of hypertensive disorders were studied.

Main Outcome Measures:
Mean blood pressures and hypertensive disorders, including pregnancy-induced hypertension (n = 209) and preeclampsia (n = 136), were measured.

Results:
Hyperthyroid mothers had a higher risk of hypertensive disorders [odds ratio (OR) 3.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46–7.91], P = .005], which was mainly due to an increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension [OR 4.18 (95% CI 1.57–11.1), P = .004]. Hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia were not associated with hypertensive disorders. Within the normal range, the high-normal FT4 levels were associated with an increased risk of hypertensive disorders [OR 1.62 (95% CI 1.06–2.47), P = .03], which was mainly due to an increased risk of preeclampsia [OR 2.06 (95% CI 1.04–4.08), P = .04]. The TPOAb status was not associated with hypertensive disorders.

Conclusions:
We show that biochemical hyperthyroidism and also high-normal FT4 levels during early pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of hypertensive disorders. These data demonstrate that these associations are even seen for a mild variation in thyroid function within the normal range.
Total and Cause-Specific Mortality by Moderately and Markedly Increased Ferritin Concentrations: General Population Study and Metaanalysis
Authors: Ellervik Christina , Marott Jacob Louis , Tybjærg-Hansen Anne , Schnohr Peter , Nordestgaard Børge G 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Previous population-based studies of plasma ferritin concentration have not revealed a relationship with total mortality. We tested the possible association of increased ferritin concentrations with increased risk of total and cause-specific mortality in the general population.

METHODS
We examined total and cause-specific mortality according to baseline plasma ferritin concentrations in a Danish population–based study (the Copenhagen City Heart Study) of 8988 individuals, 6364 of whom died (median follow-up 23 years). We also included a metaanalysis of total mortality comprising population-based studies according to ferritin quartiles or tertiles.

RESULTS
Multifactorially adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for total mortality for individuals with ferritin ≥200 vs &lt;200 μg/L were 1.1 (95% CI 1.1–1.2; P = 0.0008) overall, 1.1 (1.0–1.2; P = 0.02) in men, and 1.2 (1.0–1.3; P = 0.03) in women. Stepwise increasing concentrations of ferritin were associated with a stepwise increased risk of premature death overall (log rank, P = 2 × 10−22), with median survival of 55 years at ferritin concentrations ≥600 μg/L, 72 years at 400–599 μg/L, 76 years at 200–399 μg/L, and 79 years at ferritin &lt;200 μg/L. The corresponding HR for total overall mortality for ferritin ≥600 vs &lt;200 μg/L was 1.5 (1.2–1.8; P = 0.00008). Corresponding adjusted HRs for ferritin ≥600 vs &lt;200 μg/L were 1.6 (1.1–2.3; P = 0.01) for cancer mortality, 2.9 (1.7–5.0; P = 0.0001) for endocrinological mortality, and 1.5 (1.1–2.0; P = 0.01) for cardiovascular mortality. The metaanalysis random effects odds ratio for total mortality for ferritin upper vs reference quartile or tertile was 1.0 (0.9–1.1; P = 0.3) (P heterogeneity = 0.5).

CONCLUSIONS
Moderately to markedly increased ferritin concentrations represent a biological biomarker predictive of early death in a dose-dependent linear manner in the general population.
Influence of Different Levels of Cu Equivalent on the Hot Ductility of 20CrMnTi Steel
Authors: Peng Hong-bing , Chen Wei-qing , Chen Lie , Guo Dong 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe hot ductility of 20CrMnTi steel with different levels of Cu equivalent was investigated. The results show that Sn and Cu in 20CrMnTi steel are detrimental to its hot ductility. Sn was found to segregate to the boundaries tested by EPMA, moreover, Cu was not found to segregate to boundaries, however, the fracture morphology was examined with SEM and showed many small and shallow dimples on the fracture of steels with large Cu equivalent (>0.15) and fine copper sulfide was found from carbon extraction replicas using TEM. The adverse effect of large Cu equivalent (>0.15) on the hot ductility was due to Sn segregation and fine copper sulfide in the steel as well as their retarding the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The proeutectoid ferrite film precipitating along the austenite grain boundary causes the ductility trough of the five examined steels. Moreover, in this case, the level of Cu equivalent should be controlled below 0.15, which would not deteriorate the hot ductility significantly.
Constitutive Modeling for Tensile Behaviors of Ultra-high-strength-steel BR1500HS at Different Temperatures and Strain Rates
Authors: Quan Guo-Zheng , Wu Dong-sen , Mao An , Zhang Yan-dong , Xia Yu-feng , Zhou Jie 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn order to investigate the tensile deformation behavior of ultra-high-strength-steel BR1500HS, a series of isothermal tensile experiments were carried out in a temperature range of 1023˜1123 K and a strain rate range of 0.01˜10 s
Comparison of Aperture Averaging and Receiver Diversity Techniques for Free Space Optical Links in Presence of Turbulence and Various Weather Conditions
Authors: Kaur Prabhmandeep , Jain Virander Kumar , Kar Subrat 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the performance of a Free Space Optic (FSO) link considering the impairments caused by the presence of various weather conditions such as very clear air, drizzle, haze, fog, etc., and turbulence in the atmosphere. Analytic expression for the outage probability is derived using the gamma-gamma distribution for turbulence and accounting the effect of weather conditions using the Beer-Lambert's law. The effect of receiver diversity schemes using aperture averaging and array receivers on the outage probability is studied and compared. As the aperture diameter is increased, the outage probability decreases irrespective of the turbulence strength (weak, moderate and strong) and weather conditions. Similar effects are observed when the number of direct detection receivers in the array are increased. However, it is seen that as the desired level of performance in terms of the outage probability decreases, array receiver becomes the preferred choice as compared to the receiver with aperture averaging.
Teacher and Peer Reports of Overweight and Bullying Among Young Primary School Children
Authors: Jansen Pauline W. , Verlinden Marina , Dommisse-van Berkel Anke , Mieloo Cathelijne L. , Raat Hein , Hofman Albert , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Verhulst Frank C. , Jansen Wilma , Tiemeier Henning 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND:
Overweight is a potential risk factor for peer victimization in late childhood and adolescence. The current study investigated the association between BMI in early primary school and different bullying involvement roles (uninvolved, bully, victim, and bully–victim) as reported by teachers and children themselves.

METHODS:
In a population-based study in the Netherlands, measured BMI and teacher-reported bullying behavior were available for 4364 children (mean age = 6.2 years). In a subsample of 1327 children, a peer nomination method was used to obtain child reports of bullying.

RESULTS:
In both teacher- and child-reported data, a higher BMI was associated with more victimization and more bullying perpetration. For instance, a 1-point increase in BMI was associated with a 0.05 increase on the standardized teacher-reported victimization score (95% confidence interval, 0.03 to 0.07; P &lt; .001). Combining the victimization and bullying scores into different types of bullying involvement showed that children with obesity, but not children with overweight, had a significantly higher risk to be a bully–victim (odds ratio = 2.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.62 to 3.14) than normal-weight peers.

CONCLUSIONS:
At school entry, a high BMI is a risk factor associated with victimization and bullying perpetration, with obese children particularly likely to be victims and aggressors. Results were consistent for teacher and child reports of bullying, supporting the validity of our findings. Possibly, obesity triggers peer problems, but the association may also reflect a common underlying cause that makes obese children vulnerable to bullying involvement.
Subdural Hemorrhage and Hypoxia in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Kelly Patrick , Hayman Rebecca , Shekerdemian Lara S. , Reed Peter , Hope Ayton , Gunn Julia , Coleman Lee , Beca John 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
It has been suggested that there is a causal relationship between hypoxia and subdural hemorrhage (SDH) in infancy. The purpose of this study was to review the incidence of SDH in infants with congenital heart disease and explore the relationship between SDH and hypoxia.

METHODS:
Review of data collected for a prospective longitudinal cohort study of infants undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease in New Zealand and Australia. Infants underwent serial MRI scans of the brain in the first 3 months of life. All oxygen saturation recordings and MRI results were extracted and infants assigned to categories by degree of hypoxia. The data were then examined for any statistically significant relationship between hypoxia and SDH.

RESULTS:
One hundred fifty-two infants underwent MRI scans, and 66 (43%) had 145 loci of SDH. New SDH was seen in 12 infants after cardiac surgery. Of the loci of SDH, 63 (43%) were supratentorial, and most of these were interhemispheric, parietal, or temporal. SDH present on the first MRI persisted beyond 28 days of life in 8 infants. There was no demonstrable relationship between SDH and hypoxia.

CONCLUSIONS:
Asymptomatic SDH is common in young infants with congenital heart disease, at a frequency similar to that of those without congenital heart disease. These SDHs may occur in locations where they occur in abusive head trauma, but they are typically small and resolve within 3 months of birth. We were unable to demonstrate any association between hypoxia and SDH in this cohort.
Generational Shift in Parental Perceptions of Overweight Among School-Aged Children
Authors: Hansen Andrew R. , Duncan Dustin T. , Tarasenko Yelena N. , Yan Fei , Zhang Jian 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND:
Parental perceptions of child’s weight status may influence family readiness to foster healthy behaviors. This study investigated the generational shifting of parental perceptions about children’s weight.

METHODS:
Data were collected in the NHANES 1988–1994 (n = 2871) and 2005–2010 (n = 3202). Parents, mainly mothers, were asked whether they considered their child, ages 6 to 11 years, to be overweight, underweight, or just about the right weight. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth chart was used for reference. We ran Poisson regression to estimate the probability ratio between the 2 surveys for parents perceiving their child as overweight after controlling for actual weight.

RESULTS:
The 10th percentile of BMI z scores for children who were parentally perceived as overweight shifted with statistical significance from 84th percentile of reference population in the early survey to 91st percentile of reference population in the recent survey (P &lt; .05). The mean z score of children parentally perceived as overweight also increased between surveys with the largest increase among children from poor families (from 1.60 [SE: 0.20] to 1.98 [0.08], P &lt; .05), followed by African Americans (from 1.65 [0.09] to 2.02 [0.05], P &lt; .05). The probability of overweight/obese children being correctly perceived as overweight by the parents declined by 24% between surveys (probability ratio = 0.76 [95% confidence interval: 0.67–0.87]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Overweight/obese children were less likely to be perceived as overweight in the recent survey compared with peers of similar weight but surveyed 10+ years earlier. The declining tendency among parents to perceive overweight children appropriately may indicate a generational shift in social norms related to body weight.
Adoption of Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Guidelines: A Cluster-Randomized Trial
Authors: LaBresh Kenneth A. , Ariza Adolfo J. , Lazorick Suzanne , Furberg Robert D. , Whetstone Lauren , Hobbs Connie , de Jesus Janet , Salinas Ilse G. , Bender Randall H. , Binns Helen J. 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and underlying atherosclerosis begin in childhood and are related to CVD risk factors. This study evaluates tools and strategies to enhance adoption of new CVD risk reduction guidelines for children.

METHODS:
Thirty-two practices, recruited and supported by 2 primary care research networks, were cluster randomized to a multifaceted controlled intervention. Practices were compared with guideline-based individual and composite measures for BMI, blood pressure (BP), and tobacco. Composite measures were constructed by summing the numerators and denominators of individual measures. Preintervention and postintervention measures were assessed by medical record review of children ages 3 to 11 years. Changes in measures (pre–post and intervention versus control) were compared.

RESULTS:
The intervention group BP composite improved by 29.5%, increasing from 49.7% to 79.2%, compared with the control group (49.5% to 49.6%; P &lt; .001). Intervention group BP interpretation improved by 61.1% (from 0.2% to 61.3%), compared with the control group (0.4% to 0.6%; P &lt; .001). The assessment of tobacco exposure or use for 5- to 11-year-olds in the intervention group improved by 30.3% (from 3.4% to 49.1%) versus the control group (0.6% to 21.4%) (P = .042). No significant change was seen in the BMI or tobacco composites measures. The overall composite of 9 measures improved by 13.4% (from 48.2% to 69.8%) for the intervention group versus the control group (47.4% to 55.2%) (P = .01).

CONCLUSIONS:
Significant improvement was demonstrated in the overall composite measure, the composite measure of BP, and tobacco assessment and advice for children aged 5 to 11 years.