bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multitechnique approaches for characterising phase behaviour in food biopolymer systems
Authors: Mhaske Pranita , Farahnaky Asgar , Dokouhaki Mina , Kasapis Stefan 
Published: August 2024

SummaryUnderstanding the phase behaviour of biopolymer composites is vital for various technological applications, such as developing functional foods, nutraceuticals, encapsulation, isolation and fractionation of enzymes and proteins. The growing consumer demand for healthier food products pressures the food and nutraceutical industries to innovate while maintaining traditional texture and nutritional quality. This review critically examines various analytical techniques, including spectroscopic, microscopic, calorimetric, rheological, viscometry, and diffraction methods, used to study phase behaviour. Each technique provides unique insights into phase behaviour mechanisms at micro and macroscopic levels, with respective advantages and limitations discussed. The review advocates for a multi‐technique approach for a comprehensive understanding of phase behaviour and highlights the development of in situ probing techniques with minimal sample pre‐processing as a promising advancement. These innovations are expected to significantly enhance the practical applications of these techniques in the food industry, meeting current consumer demands without compromising traditional qualities.
Resolving the hardness–toughness trade‐off dilemma of metal/ceramic multilayer films by introducing gradient structure
Authors: Zhang Wentao , Wang Kaiwen , Zhang Rui , Gu Xinlei , Pan Jingjie , Wu Zhongzhen , Zhang Xiyao , Mao Wen , Zhang Kan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEqual‐period modulated metal/ceramic multilayers have shown promise in enhancing the toughness of ceramic thin films. However, this toughness enhancement typically comes at the sacrifice of hardness, limiting their potential applications. To tackle this issue, this study designed and fabricated two gradient‐structured multilayer variations using Ta/TaB2: one with a higher ceramic layer fraction near the surface (M2) and the other with a converse structure (M3). A conventional equal modulation period Ta/TaB2 multilayer film (M1) served as a reference. M2 exhibited superior performance, with a 30% hardness increase and significant toughness enhancement compared to M1. Conversely, M3 experienced failure due to excessive thermal stress from its unique gradient structure. Finite element simulations revealed that M2's structure could alleviate in‐plane stress and enhance loading uniformity, thus enhancing the film's toughness. These findings suggest that a well‐designed gradient structure holds promise for concurrently improving the hardness and toughness of metal/ceramic multilayer films.
The Relationship Between Moral Sensitivity, Missed Nursing Care and Moral Distress Among New Nurses: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Xu Xiaobing , Wang Yan , Meng Juntong , Xia Xiaolin , Cao Wanlu , Liu Ye 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTMoral sensitivity, missed nursing care and moral distress among healthcare professionals have received considerable attention in recent years. These factors represent important healthcare challenges for new nurses (graduation to 2 years of work experience). However, studies on the relationships among these variables in the context of new nurses in China remain lacking.AimsTo explore the relationships among moral sensitivity, missed nursing care and moral distress in the context of new nurses in China.Research DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive survey was conducted.Participants and Research ContextA total of 228 new nurses were recruited from three tertiary hospitals in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. Participants provided their sociodemographic and professional information and completed the Chinese Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire‐Revised Version, the Chinese Missed Nursing Care Survey Version and the Chinese Moral Distress Scale‐Revised Version. The data were analysed using Spearman's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsThe means and standard errors of moral sensitivity, missed nursing care and moral distress were 40.71 (0.39), 9.82 (0.78) and 34.87 (2.41), respectively. The variable of missed nursing care exhibited a significant negative relationship with moral sensitivity and a significant positive relationship with moral distress. Regression analysis revealed that the main factors influencing new nurses' moral distress were educational background, nature of job, current unit, frequency of night shifts and the dimensions of moral strength and responsibility. These factors can explain 14.9% of the total variation.ConclusionThe findings revealed that higher rates of missed nursing care were associated with lower moral sensitivity and greater moral distress among new nurses. Therefore, developing interventions to reduce missed nursing care may be a promising strategy for improving moral sensitivity and preventing moral distress among new nurses.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareIn hospitals, moral distress can be improved by focusing on modifiable factors such as staffing resources, leading to better promoting new nurses' health and improving the quality of care. This study can highlight practices accounting for moral sensitivity and missed nursing care in nursing research and training programmes.Reporting MethodStrengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Conquering knowledge exchange barriers with age differences: A stress appraisal perspective on the consequences of upward social comparisons
Authors: Rinker Laura , Fasbender Ulrike , Gerpott Fabiola H. , Burmeister Anne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractKnowledge exchange is crucial for organizations, but interpersonal dynamics can entail stress, affecting whether and how knowledge flows. Integrating social comparison and stress appraisal research, we propose that upward social comparison can be appraised as challenging or hindering. We suggest a dual pathway model involving an approach pathway via challenge appraisal and an avoidance pathway via hindrance appraisal with consequences on three knowledge exchange behaviours (i.e., knowledge sharing, knowledge seeking and knowledge hiding). Additionally, we examine age differences (vs. no age differences) to the comparison target as a buffer. We conducted two preregistered experimental online studies with employees (NStudy 1 = 206, NStudy 2 = 414), utilizing a 2 (social comparison; upward, lateral) × 3 (target age; younger, same‐age, older) between‐subject design. Participants received bogus task performance feedback (Study 1: cognitive ability test; Study 2: typing ability test). Both studies show that upward social comparison (but not other social comparison directions) fosters knowledge hiding via hindrance appraisal. This effect is weakened by an age difference (vs. no age difference) to the comparison target. However, our results do not support the approach pathway via challenge appraisal. Our research highlights social pitfalls in knowledge exchange and emphasizes the benefits of age differences between colleagues.
Shock melt in the Cold Bokkeveld CM2 carbonaceous chondrite and the response of C‐complex asteroids to hypervelocity impacts
Authors: Lee Martin R. , Daly Luke , Greer Jennika , Griffin Sammy , Floyd Cameron J. , Tegg Levi , Cairney Julie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany of the CM carbonaceous chondrites are regolith breccias and so should have abundant evidence for collisional processing. The constituent clasts of these fragmental rocks frequently display compactional petrofabrics; yet, olivine microstructures show that most CMs are unshocked. To better understand the reasons for this contradiction, we have sought other evidence for hypervelocity impact processing of CM chondrites using the Cold Bokkeveld meteorite. We find that this regolith breccia contains rare particles of vesicular shock melt that are close in chemical composition to bulk CM chondrite. Transmission electron microscopy of a melt bead shows that it is composed of silicate glass with inclusions of pentlandite, pyrrhotite, and wüstite. Characterization of shards of another bead by atom probe tomography reveals nanoscale clusters of sulfur that represent sulfide inclusions arrested at an early stage of growth. These glass particles are mineralogically comparable to micrometeoroid impact melt described from the Cb‐type asteroid Ryugu and melt that has been experimentally produced by pulsed laser irradiation of CM targets. The glass could have formed by in situ shock‐melting, but petrographic evidence is more consistent with an origin as ballistic ejecta from a distal impact. The scarcity of melt in this meteorite, and CM chondrites more broadly, is consistent with the explosive fragmentation of hydrous asteroids following energetic collisions. Cold Bokkeveld's parent body is likely to be a second‐generation asteroid that was constructed from the debris of one or more earlier bodies, and only a small proportion of the reaccreted material had been highly shocked and melted.
Comparison of clinical and echocardiographic outcomes between left bundle branch area pacing and right ventricular pacing in older patients
Authors: Wang Qian , He Chen , Fan Xiaohan , Zhu Haojie , Li Xiaofei , Liu Zhimin , Yao Yan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundLeft bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is safe and effective, but studies in older patients are lacking. This study compared the clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of LBBAP and right ventricular pacing (RVP) in patients aged ≥75 years.MethodsThis prospective observational study included older patients with symptomatic bradycardia who underwent LBBAP or RVP between 2019 and 2022. Clinical data, including pacing and electrophysiological characteristics, echocardiographic measurements, and device‐related complications were collected. The primary endpoint was a composite of all‐cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization, and upgrade to biventricular pacing. Secondary outcomes included changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).ResultsOf 267 included patients, 110 underwent LBBAP and 157 underwent RVP. LBBAP was successful in 109 patients (success rate: 99.1%), with one patient eventually undergoing RVP. The pacing parameters of LBBAP were similar to those of RVP, except for a significantly narrower paced QRS duration (112.8 ± 11.6 vs. 138.3 ± 23.9 ms, p < .001). Ventricular lead implanting procedural duration was longer for LBBAP than RVP (14.0 vs. 6.0 min, p < .001), as was the fluoroscopy time (4.0 vs. 2.0 min, p < .001). During a mean follow‐up period of 31.0 ± 16.8 months, the primary outcome incidence was significantly lower following LBBAP than RVP (15.1% vs. 21.1%; hazard ratio, 0.471; 95% confidence interval, 0.215–1.032; p = .036) in 149 patients (55.8%) with ventricular pacing burden > 20%. RVP reduced LVEF from 62.7 ± 4.1% at baseline to 59.8 ± 7.8% at the final follow‐up (p = .001), whereas LBBAP preserved LVEF (61.4 ± 6.3% vs. 60.1 ± 7.4%, p = .429).ConclusionLBBAP demonstrated improved clinical outcomes compared with RVP and maintained LVEF in older patients with high ventricular pacing burdens.
Safety and efficacy of orthodromic snare technique in left ventricular lead delivery in cardiac resynchronization implantation
Authors: Purkayastha Sutopa , Reynbakh Olga , Krishnan Suraj , Guttenplan Nils 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves ventricular function, but a positive response to CRT is often limited due to left ventricular (LV) lead placement in a suboptimal position. Complex coronary venous anatomy can hinder the placement of an LV lead in the target vessel, leading to poor CRT response.ObjectiveTo report experience with snare‐assisted LV lead delivery in CRT and compare outcomes with the conventional LV lead delivery.MethodsThis is a single‐center retrospective case–control study of CRT implants between 2016 and 2021. Snare‐assisted lead delivery was performed in cases where conventional lead placement failed or when a preferred target vessel had anatomy amenable to the technique. Safety and outcomes were compared to conventional LV lead placement cases.ResultsAmong 180 CRT cases, 33 were snare‐assisted, and 147 were conventional LV lead placements. Median follow‐up was 924 days in the snare and 618.5 days in the control group. The lead placement was successful in 28/33 snare and 138/147 control cases. A mid‐vessel segment was attained in 89.3% of snare and 72.5% of control cases(p = .03). The apical position was more frequently observed in the control group (26.8% vs. 7.1%, p = .03). All‐cause mortality trended lower in the snare group (6.1%) compared to (17.1%) in the control group (p = .13).ConclusionSnare‐assisted LV lead delivery is a safe and effective technique that can be utilized for overcoming complex venous anatomy.
Adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma with angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma‐like feature and molecularly confirmed RHOA Gly 17 Val (G17V) mutation: A case report
Authors: Maruyama Rika , Oyama Yuzo , Nagamatsu Kentaro , Ono Keiji , Takeshita Morishige , Daa Tsutomu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe report a case of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) with angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (AITL/nTFHL‐AI)‐like feature. An 88‐year‐old Japanese woman with seropositive for the Human T‐lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) was incidentally diagnosed with generalized lymphadenopathy. Biopsy of the cervical lymph node demonstrated the proliferation of small‐ or medium‐sized and large atypical lymphocytes associated with eosinophils, high endothelial venules, and clear cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed atypical lymphocytes were CD3‐ and CD4‐positive. Atypical T cells bore the T‐follicular helper phenotype (PD1, ICOS, and BCL6) and were positive for CD25 and chemokine receptor 4. Epstein‐Barr virus encoded RNA‐positive cells were scattered in the background via in situ hybridization. The histological findings were similar to those of AITL/nTFHL‐AI; however, the immunohistochemical results did not exclude the possibility of ATLL. Southern blot analysis detected integration of HTLV‐1 proviral DNA. The RHOA Gly 17 Val (G17V) mutation was detected by the peptide nucleic acid‐locked nucleic acid clamp method. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with ATLL with AITL‐like feature and exhibited a similar morphology, immunophenotype, and mutational signature to AITL/nTFHL‐AI. ATLL mimics other types of T‐cell lymphomas. Thus, in HTLV‐1 endemic areas, routine screening for HTLV‐1 serology is necessary to avoid misdiagnosis of other lymphoid malignancies.
Parenting pain away: Quasi‐experimental study of an eHealth learning platform to evaluate acceptability, feasibility, and utilisation of parent‐led pain management
Authors: Hughes Brianna , Martin‐Misener Ruth , Latimer Margot , Smit Michael , McGrath Patrick , Campbell‐Yeo Marsha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of an eHealth educational resource about infant procedural pain management, given during the prenatal period, on feasibility, acceptability, knowledge, self‐efficacy, and involvement.BackgroundRoutine health care requires newborns to have painful procedures (e.g., intramuscular injection). The impacts of untreated pain in neonates are widely recognised but adoption of effective procedural pain management strategies in clinical practice varies. There is clear evidence supporting the effectiveness of parent‐led pain management during procedures (e.g., skin‐to‐skin care) and reputable resources to raise awareness among parents are warranted. Our team co‐created Parenting Pain Away, a website to equip parents with evidence to assist with managing the pain of procedures and empower them to be involved.MethodsA quasi‐experimental evaluation using a pre/post intervention design with low‐risk expectant parents.ResultsOf the 41 participants, before intervention exposure participants were familiar or had used skin‐to‐skin care (n = 33), breastfeeding (n = 30) and sucrose (n = 13) as pain management. Most participants (n = 38) desired more information on how to be involved. Providing access to Parenting Pain Away during pregnancy was supported and participants ranked the website above average using the System Usability Scale. Parenting Pain Away did not have a statistically significant influence on outcomes. Participants reported variation in clinical support with parent‐led pain management.ConclusionA multifaceted approach is recommended to maintain infant procedural pain management.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareEquipping parents with knowledge related to infant pain management using an eHealth approach satisfied their information desires. The study findings are important considerations for perinatal care providers, policy makers, and families to finally achieve adequate procedural pain management.Reporting MethodThis study used the STROBE checklist, adhering to EQUATOR guidelines.Patient and Public ContributionA stakeholder group (expectant parents, parents, perinatal researchers, clinicians, and administrators) was created to inform the study design and intervention.
Impact of Turbine-Strut Clocking and Turbine Outlet Swirl on the Heat Transfer and Film Cooling in an Aggressive Turbine Center Frame
Authors: Jagerhofer Patrick R. , Glasenapp Tobias , Patzer Bastian , Göttlich Emil 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study focuses on the thermal impact of the clocking position of the high-pressure turbine (HPT) vanes with respect to the turbine center frame (TCF) struts and the thermal impact of the HPT outlet swirl. The TCF is a stationary duct equipped with nonturning airfoils (struts), and it connects the HPT to the low-pressure turbine (LPT). The heat transfer coefficient and the purge film cooling effectiveness are measured in an aggressive TCF for two turbine-strut clocking positions and two HPT outlet swirl levels. The measurements are carried out in a product-representative 1.5-stage HPT-TCF-LPT vane configuration under Mach similarity. The unshrouded HPT is fully purged with four individually adjustable purge flows, and the film cooling effectiveness of these purge flows in the downstream TCF is investigated. The biggest influence of turbine-strut clocking was found for the heat transfer coefficient on the struts. By clocking the HPT vanes by half a vane pitch from the thermally least to the most favorable position, a significant heat transfer reduction was achieved for both the nominal and the increased HPT outlet swirl. Increasing the HPT outlet swirl increased the flow incidence of the TCF struts and affected the heat transfer along the struts significantly. On the TCF hub, the averaged heat transfer coefficient and the averaged purge film cooling effectiveness responded relatively robustly to all imposed operating point deviations with differences of less than 2%. However, the effects on the local heat transfer and film cooling distributions on the hub were more significant.
Pseudorabies virus infection triggers mitophagy to dampen the interferon response and promote viral replication
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Ding Chan , Zhu Zhenbang , Wang Wenqiang , Wen Wei , Favoreel Herman W. , Li Xiangdong 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) utilizes multiple strategies to inhibit type I interferon (IFN-I) production and signaling to achieve innate immune evasion. Among several other functions, mitochondria serve as a crucial immune hub in the initiation of innate antiviral responses. It is currently unknown whether PRV inhibits innate immune responses by manipulating mitochondria. In this study, we found that PRV infection damages mitochondrial structure and function, as shown by mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, reduction in mitochondrial numbers, and an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics. In addition, PRV infection triggered PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy to eliminate the impaired mitochondria, which resulted in a suppression of IFN-I production, thereby promoting viral replication. Furthermore, we found that mitophagy resulted in the degradation of the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein, which is located on the mitochondrial outer membrane. In conclusion, the data of the current study indicate that PRV-induced mitophagy represents a previously uncharacterized PRV evasion mechanism of the IFN-I response, thereby promoting virus replication.

IMPORTANCE
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a pathogen that induces different disease symptoms and is often fatal in domestic animals and wildlife, has caused great economic losses to the swine industry. Since 2011, different PRV variant strains have emerged in Asia, against which current commercial vaccines may not always provide optimal protection in pigs. In addition, there are indications that some of these PRV variant strains may sporadically infect people. In the current study, we found that PRV infection causes mitochondria injury. This is associated with the induction of mitophagy to eliminate the damaged mitochondria, which results in suppressed antiviral interferon production and signaling. Hence, our study reveals a novel mechanism that is used by PRV to antagonize the antiviral host immune response, providing a theoretical basis that may contribute to the research toward and development of new vaccines and antiviral drugs.
Complete genome sequence of a
Circovirus pigeon
strain in lymphocyte-depleted bursa of Fabricius of a Common Raven (
Corvus corax
)
Authors: Pesant Marie-Jeanne , Ferrell Shannon , Köszegi Marika , Baby Vincent , Grenier Saint-Sauveur Valérie , Valle Tejada Camila , Lair Stéphane , Gagnon Carl A. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

A necropsy was performed on a Common Raven (
Corvus corax
) presenting an opportunistic fungal respiratory infection and a bursal lymphoid depletion with inclusion bodies, suggestive of a circovirus infection. High-throughput sequencing of circular DNA in the bursa of Fabricius revealed a complete genome sequence of a
Circovirus pigeon
strain.
Draft hybrid genome sequence of phytopathogen
Marasmius tenuissimus
strain MS-2, isolated from cacao in Ghana
Authors: Yulfo-Soto Gabdiel E. , Baruah Indrani K. , Amoako-Attah Ishmael , Bukari Yahaya , Meinhardt Lyndel W. , Bailey Bryan A. , Cohen Stephen P. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Here, we report a hybrid genome of
Marasmius tenuissimus
strain MS-2, a cacao thread blight disease causing isolate that was collected from cacao leaves in Tafo, Eastern region, Ghana. The final assembly consists of 2,083 contigs spanning 69,843,039 bp, with 49.21% GC content, 92.6% BUSCO completeness, and scaffold N50 186,871.
Oxidative Dimerization of (Thiazol-2-yl)acetonitriles with Molecular Iodine: Synthesis and Structure of 2,3-Bis(4-aryl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)but-2-enedinitriles
Authors: Abramenko V. L. , Krivokolysko S. G. , Pakholka N. A. , Krivokolysko B. S. , Dotsenko V. V. , Bespalov A. V. , Aksenov N. А. , Aksenova I. V. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Iodination of 2-(4-arylthiazole-2-yl)acetonitriles in DMF proceeds with the formation of previously undescribed 2,3-bis(4-aryl-1,3-thiazole-2-yl)but-2-enedicarbonitriles as a mixture of E- and Z-isomers. The latter were alternatively prepared by the reaction of cyanothioacetamide, α-bromoketones and iodine in DMF. Structure of the key compounds was proven by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.