bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salt stress tolerance in cowpea is poorly related to the ability to cope with oxidative stress
Authors: Praxedes Sidney C. , Damatta Fábio M. , De Lacerda Claudivan F. , Prisco José T. , Gomes-Filho Enéas 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that salt tolerance in cowpea could be associated with lesser impairments of the photosynthetic capacity. Taking into account that photosynthesis is the main sink for reducing power consumption, our central working hypothesis is that a salt-sensitive cultivar is more prone to suffer from oxidative stress. We analyzed the long-term effects of salt stress on oxidative damage and protection against reactive oxygen species in both leaves and roots of a salt-tolerant (Pitiúba) and a salt-sensitive (TVu) cowpea cultivar. Two salt treatments (0 and 75 mM NaCl) were applied to 10-day-old plants grown in nutrient solution for 24 days. Significant salt-induced oxidative damage as demonstrated via increases in malondialdehyde concentration were noted, particularly in leaves at the end of the experiment, although such damage was found earlier in Pitiúba. In salt-stressed plants, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased only in Pitiúba at 24 days from the start of salt additions (DSSA). In Pitiúba, catalase (CAT) was not significantly affected by the treatments, whereas in TVu its activity was dramatically lower in salt-stressed plants at 10DSSAonwards. In general salt stress led to significant increases, much more pronounced in ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), at the end of the experiment in both cultivars. In roots, salt-induced increases in enzyme activities were particularly noted at 24 DSSA, as found for SOD and APX in Pitiúba, CAT in TVu and GR and GPX in both cultivars. Therefore, in contrast to our expectations, the present results argue, to a great extent, against a functional link between salt stress tolerance and the expression of the antioxidant system. We also demonstrated that leaves and roots should be evaluated for a full assessment of whole plant acclimation to salt stress.
Pollen studies in the genus viola (violaceae) from Iran
Authors: Mehrvarz Shahryar Saeidi , Yousefi Narjes , Mohammadi Maryam , Marcussen Thomas 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPollen morphology of 17 species of Viola representing five sections, Melanium, Plagiostigma, 'Spathulidium' ined., Sclerosium, and Viola, was studied using light and scanning electron microscope. Pollen grains were usually symmetrical, tetrazonocolporate to pentazonocolporate in section Melanium and trizonocolporate to tetrazonocolporate in the other four sections. Pollen shape was circular to subtriangular, tetragonal or pentagonal in polar view and prolate to oblate, spheroidal or pyramidal in equatorial view. Exine ornamentation was granulate, psilate and mostly perforate. The psilate type was only observed in V. modesta.We found heteromorphy in aperture number in V. caspia of section Viola, V. occulta of section Melanium and V. behboudiana of section Sclerosium, which corroborates their higher ploidy than in related species (octoploid versus tetraploid).
Surface plasmon resonance imaging biosensors for aromatase based on a potent inhibitor and a specific antibody: Sensor development and application for biological material
Authors: Gorodkiewicz Ewa , Sankiewicz Anna , Laudański Piotr 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Aromatase (ARO) is an enzyme with potential diagnostic significance. Aberrant expression of aromatase in tissues is associated with a number of pathological conditions, including tumor of the breast, ovary, testes, liver, adrenal cortex and uterus, as well as endometriosis.
Two methods for the highly selective determination of ARO concentration in human tissues by using of two different biosensors co-operating with the surface plasmon resonance imaging technique (SPRI) have been developed. One of the developed biosensors contains immobilised rabbit polyclonal antibody specific for aromatase (Y-ARO), while the other contains immobilized ARO inhibitor-exemestane (E-ARO). Both biosensors specifically bound ARO from analyzed samples. The analytically useful dynamic response range of both biosensors is between 0.3 and 5.0 ng mL−1. The detection limit (3S.D.) of both biosensors is 90 pg mL−1. Standard deviation of both biosensors is 1%. Recoveries of ARO spikes are between 97 and 108% for both biosensors under model conditions and for real samples. Albumin and alkaline phosphatase are tolerated for both biosensors up to 10,000 fold excess.
Micromorphological traits and essential oil of Micromeria longipedunculata Bräuchler (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Kremer Dario , Dunkić Valerija , Stešević Danijela , Kosalec Ivan , Ballian Dalibor , Bogunić Faruk , Bezić Nada , Stabentheiner Edith 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Micromeria longipedunculata Bräuchler (syn. M. parviflora (Vis.) Rchb.) is an endemic Illyric-Balkan plant species from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Albania. We investigated types and distribution of trichomes, pollen morphology, and chemical composition of essential oil (analysed by GC and GC-MS) in M. longipedunculata. Non-glandular trichomes, peltate trichomes, and two types of capitate trichomes (type 1 composed of one basal epidermal cell, and one head cell with subcuticular space; type 2 composed of one basal epidermal cell, two or three stalk cells, and one head cell with subcuticular space) were observed on leaves, bracteoles, the calyx, corolla, and the stem. The pollen grains had six apertures which were set in the equatorial pollen belt and showed medium reticulate ornamentation. A phytochemical analysis of essential oils from four different localities is characterized by similar chemical composition with spathulenol (23.7–39.5%), piperitone oxide (7.7–12.1%) and piperitone (7.3–8.9%) as the major compounds.
Solvent-free synthesis of β-enamino ketones and esters catalysed by recyclable iron(III) triflate
Authors: Feng Cheng-Liang , Chu Ning-Ning , Zhang Shu-Guang , Cai Jin , Chen Jun-Qing , Hu Hua-You , Ji Min 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA novel application of highly stable Fe(OTf)3 as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of a variety of β-enamino ketones and esters under solvent-free conditions is described. Notably, this protocol of a “green synthesis”, which produced β-enamino ketones and esters by the reaction of a variety of β-dicarbonyl compounds and primary amines, exhibits attractive properties including high yields, short reaction periods, lower loading of catalyst and chemo- and regio-selectivity. In addition, the catalyst was easily recovered from the reaction system and readily reused with minimal loss of activity.
The General Illumination which Bathes all the Colours: Class Composition and Cognitive Capitalism for Dummies
Authors: Roggero Gigi 
Published: February 2014

For many years, the concept of cognitive capitalism has been an important subject for elaboration, discussions, and polemics. In this essay, we will not summarize the various theoretical details of the debate; instead, we will try to clarify the political nature of the concept and examine what is at stake from a theoretical point of view. Then, we will give some provisional and explorative answers to some of the central questions on cognitive capitalism: What does it mean? In what sense is it useful as a tool for the struggles? What kinds of class composition and antagonist subjectivity are embodied in this concept?
First, we will explain why cognitive labour does not identify a particular sector of the class composition. We will use the term ’cognitivization’ (becoming cognitive of labour) to elaborate on the process of redetermination of the whole class composition.
Secondly, we will summarize a genealogy of cognitive capitalism and its peculiarities. Based on our readings, it is not a stage of development, but the site of a new battlefield in the ongoing class struggle.
Thirdly, we will point out the tension underlying cognitive capitalism, i.e., the tension between cooperation and capture, autonomy and subordination.
Finally, we will point out the problem of re-thinking a central category from operaismo: the class composition.
Following this pathway, we can underline the main theoretical and political question: What are the points of rupture in cognitive capitalism?
ASSOCIATION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS LINEAGES WITH IFN-Γ AND TNF-Α GENE POLYMORPHISMS AMONG PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT
Authors: Varahram Mohammad , Farnia Parissa , Nasiri Mohammad Javad , Afraei Karahrudi Mona , Kazampour Mehdi , Velayati Ali Akbar 
Published: February 2014

The six major lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis [MTB] are found to be strongly associated with specific geographical outbreaks. But whether these bacterial lineages influence the host genetic polymorphism is uncertain. The present study was designed to evaluate the relevance of strain diversity and host genetic polymorphisms in susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis [PTB]. For this reason, single –nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] in interferon- γ [IFN-γ] receptor-1[G-611A], IFNG [G+ 2109A] and tumor necrosis factors [TNF-α] genes [at -238, 308,-857position] in patients [n=151] were analyzed and compared with controls [n=83]. The genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis isolates were performed using spacer oligonucleotide typing. Thereafter, the profile of IFN-γ and TNF-α allele frequency were investigated in each subtype of M .tuberculosis. The results showed C allele of TNF 857 and A allele of TNF 238 were more frequent in PTB cases [[TNF 857 C allele OR [CI95%] 0.6[0.4-0.9], p= 0.02] for TNF 238 A allele OR [CI95%] 5.5[3.4-9.0], p= 0.00]]. Similarly, G allele in IFNG+ 2109 A/G polymorphism were significantly more in patients than control subject[OR[CI95%] 0.3; p< 0.05]. The major identified clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis were EAI[42; 27.8% ], Haarlem[ 31; 20.5% ], CAS [ 23;15.2% ], Beijing[14; 9.2%], and T [11; 7.2% ] lineages. No correction was observed between strains diversity and frequency of SNPs in studied PTB cases. In conclusions, we exclude the possibility of genetic mutation in IFN-γ and TNF-α gene by different subtypes of M .tuberculosis. Although, our results supports a positive correlation between host SNPs and susceptibility to PTB.
Reporting quality of multivariable logistic regression in selected Indian medical journals
Authors: Kumar R , Indrayan A , Chhabra P 
Published: February 2014

Background:
Use of multivariable logistic regression (MLR) modeling has steeply increased in the medical literature over the past few years. Testing of model assumptions and adequate reporting of MLR allow the reader to interpret results more accurately.

Aims:
To review the fulfillment of assumptions and reporting quality of MLR in selected Indian medical journals using established criteria.

Setting and Design:
Analysis of published literature.

Materials and Methods:
Medknow.com publishes 68 Indian medical journals with open access. Eight of these journals had at least five articles using MLR between the years 1994 to 2008. Articles from each of these journals were evaluated according to the previously established 10-point quality criteria for reporting and to test the MLR model assumptions.

Statistical Analysis:
SPSS 17 software and non-parametric test (Kruskal-Wallis H, Mann Whitney U, Spearman Correlation).

Results:
One hundred and nine articles were finally found using MLR for analyzing the data in the selected eight journals. The number of such articles gradually increased after year 2003, but quality score remained almost similar over time. P value, odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval for coefficients in MLR was reported in 75.2% and sufficient cases (>10) per covariate of limiting sample size were reported in the 58.7% of the articles. No article reported the test for conformity of linear gradient for continuous covariates. Total score was not significantly different across the journals. However, involvement of statistician or epidemiologist as a co-author improved the average quality score significantly (P=0.014).

Conclusions:
Reporting of MLR in many Indian journals is incomplete. Only one article managed to score 8 out of 10 among 109 articles under review. All others scored less. Appropriate guidelines in instructions to authors, and pre-publication review of articles using MLR by a qualified statistician may improve quality of reporting.
Evaluation of Endometrium for Chronic Endometritis by Using Syndecan-1 in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Kannar Vidyavathi , Lingaiah Harendra Kumar Malligere , Sunita Venigalla 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Context: Chronic endometritis is a condition observed in 3-10% of women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Diagnosis depends upon the histological detection of plasma cells within the inflammatory infiltrate in the endometrium. Plasma cells on H and E may be obscured by a mononuclear infiltrate, plasmacytoid stromal cells, abundant stromal mitosis, a pronounced predecidual reaction, menstrual features or secondary changes due to exogenous progesterone treatment prior to biopsy.
Aims: The objective of this study was to determine utility of syndecan-1 in diagnosis of chronic endometritis in patients with AUB, and to see if any of the secondary histologic features in endometrial biopsy, correlated with the presence of plasma cells on immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Materials and Methods: Fifty endometrial biopsies with a clinical diagnosis of AUB were taken. Endometrium in proliferative phase, secretory phase, endometrial polyps, and disordered proliferative endometrium were studied for the presence of plasma cells. IHC was done using syndecan-1. The secondary histologic features of chronic endometritis like gland architectural irregularity, spindled stroma, stromal edema and hemorrhage with the presence of plasma cells was statistically analysed. Values of P < 0.05 were considered as significant.
Results: Plasma cells were seen in 11 (69%) of DPE, 8 (66%) of PEB, and 1 (7%) of normal proliferative endometrium and in 2 (40%) of secretory endometrium. Presence of stromal breakdown showed a significant association with plasma cells (P = 0.02) whereas gland architecture irregularity (P = 0.28), stromal edema (P = 0.71) and spindled stromal (P = 0.72) did not show a significant association.
Conclusions: Plasma cells were significantly present in AUB patients. Syndecan-1 maybe helpful in unusual cases, where chronic endometritis is suspected as the cause of clinically significant ongoing abnormal bleeding.
Anatomical Variations of Infraorbital Foramen in Dry Human Adult Egyptian Skulls, Anthropometric Measurements and Surgical Relevance
Authors: Elsheikh Ezzeddin , Nasr Wail Fayez , Ibrahim Amal Al Shahat 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivesEvidence supports a clear racial variation in the position of the infraorbital foramen (IOF). Therefore detailed knowledge of the population specific data on biometric features of (IOF) will facilitate therapeutic, diagnostic and surgical manipulations in the maxillofacial region. The goal of this study was to elucidate the morphological features and precise anatomical position of the (IOF) with reference to surrounding anatomical landmarks in an adult Egyptian population.Materials and methodsFifty-nine adult dry Egyptian skulls (32 males and 27 females) were assessed to determine the number, shape, orientation, vertical and transverse diameters of the IOF, transverse distance from the IOF to the maxillary midline, the zygomaticomaxillary suture and the vertical distance from the IOF to the infraorbital rim and accessory infraorbital foramen using a metal casting digital vernier caliper. The position of the IOF was determined in relation to the maxillary teeth. The findings indicated that the size of the IOF and the mean distances from the IOF to the maxillary midline, infraorbital rim and foramen was significantly larger in males than in females.ResultsThe majority of IOF among the skulls were semilunarshaped in 59.4% in male skulls and 48.1% in female skulls. The majority were directed inferomedially in 88.9% in female skulls and 78.1 % in male skulls. Accessory foramina were found in 21.87% of male skulls and 18.5% of female skulls. All had bilateral double foramina except for one male skull and one female skull.ConclusionThe racial and gender differences of the IOF emphasize the need for meticulous preoperative evaluation of the IOF in patients who are candidates for maxillofacial surgeries and regional block anesthesia.How to cite this articleElsheikh E, Nasr WF, Ibrahim AAS. Anatomical Variations of infraorbital Foramen in Dry Human Adult Egyptian Skulls; Anthropometric Measurements and Surgical Relevance. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(3):125-129.
Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of Head and Neck Region: Report of Six Cases with Different Localizations
Authors: Öztürk Kerem , Şahin Mustafa , Midilli Raşit , Gürsan Gülce , Özsan Nazan , Savaş Recep 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTExtramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rarely seen neoplasm of plasma cells which may be locally destructive by involving submucosal soft tissues of upper respiratory tract but without systemic dissemination. It comprises less than 1% of head and neck malignities. Clinical presentation depends on tumor's effect and its involvement site. Diagnosis is made with histopathologic examination of tissue biopsy. Responses to its treatment with local radiotherapy and surgery are similar. In this article; it is intended to update our knowledge regarding EMP and remind this rarely encountered disease by presenting various cases detected in nasopharynx, tonsil, buccal mucosa, larynx, mastoid cavity and sphenoid sinus, with literature line.How to cite this articleÖztürk K, Şahin M, Midilli R, Gürsan G, Özsan N, Savaş R. Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of Head and Neck Region: Report of Six Cases with Different Localizations. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(3):157-163.
Isolated IgG4-related Disease of Sphenoid Sinus Manifesting as Blindness
Authors: Mathew Vivek , Chandrasekharan Ramanathan , Ashish Gaurav , Tyagi Amit Kumar , Job Anand Kamalam 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionIgG4 related disease is a rare entity which can affect almost all parts of the body. The available literature of this entity related to paranasal sinuses is very limited.Presentation of caseWe present a case of isolated sphenoid sinus affliction by IgG4 related sclerosing disease manifesting as blindness, which recovered fully with pulsed steroid therapy.DiscussionWe present this case in view of developing insights toward diagnosis and management of IgG4 related sclerosing disease in paranasal sinuses, specifically the sphenoid sinus.ConclusionIgG4 disease involving paranasal sinuses (PNS) is rare entity and is managed with pulse methylprednisolone and immunomodulator drugs. Considering the limit of understanding of etiopathogenesis of this disease, surgeon needs to keep this differential diagnosis in mind. It may present atypically like isolated sinus involvement and optic neuritis.How to cite this articleChandrasekharan R, Mathew V, Ashish G, Tyagi AK, Job AK. Isolated IgG4-related Disease of Sphenoid Sinus Manifesting as Blindness. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(3):178-181.
Evaluation of Visual Acuity, Pachymetry and Anterior-Surface Irregularity in Keratoconus and Crosslinking Intervention Follow-up in 737 Cases
Authors: Kanellopoulos Anastasios John , Moustou Vasiliki , Asimellis George 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To investigate visual acuity, corneal pachymetry, and anterior-surface irregularity indices correlation with keratoconus severity in a very large pool of clinically-diagnosed untreated keratoconic eyes, and in keratoconic eyes subjected to crosslinking intervention.

Materials and methods
Total of 737 keratoconic (KCN) cases were evaluated. Group A was formed from 362 untreated keratoconic eyes, and group B from 375 keratoconic eyes subjected to partial normalization via topography-guided excimer laser ablation and high-fluence collagen crosslinking. A control group C of 145 healthy eyes was employed for comparison. We investigated distance visual acuity, uncorrected (UDVA), best-spectacle corrected (CDVA), and Scheimpflug-derived keratometry, pachymetry (central corneal thickness, CCT and thinnest, TCT), and two anterior-surface irregularity indices, the index of surface variance (ISV) and the index of height decentration (IHD). The correlations between these parameters vs topographic keratoconus classification (TKC) were investigated.

Results
Keratometry for group A was K1 (flat) 46.67 ± 3.80 D and K2 (steep) 50.76 ± 5.02 D; for group B K1 44.03 ± 3.64 D and K2 46.87 ± 4.61 D; for group C, K1 42.89 ± 1.45 D and K2 44.18 ± 1.88 D. Visual acuity for group A was UDVA 0.12 ± 0.18 and CDVA 0.59 ± 0.25 (decimal), for group B, 0.51 ± 0.28 and 0.77 ± 0.22, and for group C, 0.81 ± 0.31 and 0.87 ± 0.12.
Correlation between ISV and TKC (r2) was for group A 0.853, and for group-B 0.886. Correlation between IHD and TKC was for group A r2 = 0.731, and for group B 0.701. The ROC analysis ‘area under the curve’ was for CDVA 0.550, TCT 0.596, ISV 0.876 and IHD 0.887.

Conclusion
Our study indicates that the traditionally employed metrics of visual acuity and corneal thickness may not be robust indicators nor provide accurate assessment on either keratoconus severity or postoperative evaluation. Two anterior surface irregularity indices, derived by Scheimpflug-imaging, ISV and IHD, may be more sensitive and specific tools.

Précis
Visual acuity, Scheimpflug-derived pachymetry and anterior-surface irregularity correlation to keratoconus severity in untreated cases (A), treated with crosslinking (B), and in a control group (C) reveals that visual acuity and pachymetry do not correlate well with keratoconus severity.

How to cite this article
Kanellopoulos AJ, Moustou V, Asimellis G. Evaluation of Visual Acuity, Pachymetry and Anterior-Surface Irregularity in Keratoconus and Crosslinking Intervention Follow-up in 737 Cases. J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2013;2(3):95-103.
Uterine Inversion in Postmenopausal Woman: A Rare Entity
Authors: Ashraf Tasneem , Haroon Samia 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTUterine inversion in old age is a rare complication. Submucosal fibroid or polyp is mostly the cause of nonpuerperal inversion. Diagnosis can be made on physical examination but it may be difficult. Management consists of manual reposition of uterus or surgery either through abdominal or vaginal route.We report a case of nonpuerperal uterine inversion in an unmarried nulliparous postmenopausal Baloch woman having lemon size submucosal fibroid and presented with complete prolapsed inversion. Diagnosis was made clinically and confirmed at laparotomy. At laparotomy inversion was corrected first then total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy was carried out.How to cite this articleAshraf T, Haroon S. Uterine Inversion in Postmenopausal Woman: A Rare Entity. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(2):88-90.
Imaging Congenital Heart Disease in the Perioperative Period using Transesophageal Echocardiography
Authors: Navaratham Manchula , Punn Rajesh , Tacy Theresa A 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for pediatric congenital heart disease has become a standard of care in most institutions in the USA and across Europe. Advances in technology have facilitated the safe use of this tool in patients as small as 2.5 kg and have proved invaluable in guiding surgical repair of congenital cardiac lesions as well as guiding anesthesia management for cardiac and noncardiac procedures. This article describes a systematic approach to image acquisition in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Specific congenital heart lesions are also described with an emphasis on intraoperative TEE data acquisition and analysis.

How to cite this article
Navaratham M, Punn R, Tacy TA. Imaging Congenital Heart Disease in the Perioperative Period using Transesophageal Echocardiography. J Perioper Echocardiogr 2014;2(1):10-28.