bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gender and sex data gap in anterior cruciate ligament injuries in paediatric patients
Authors: Engebretsen Lars , Møller Merete , Kooy Caroline , Yamaguchi Tetsuo , Moatshe Gilbert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a concerning problem in the paediatric population, impacting joint health and longevity. Moreover, ACL injury hampers physical activity, which is important for children's social network and general well‐being. Recent data demonstrates a rise in paediatric ACL reconstructions, affecting both girls and boys. However, it is unclear whether this rise reflects a higher injury rate or a more proactive approach towards surgery, as information on nonoperated patients is lacking. Regarding gender differences, increasing evidence implies that girls engaged in pivoting sports experience a higher incidence of ACL injuries and reinjuries compared to boys. Furthermore, data suggest that girls have inferior outcomes and lower return‐to‐sport rates than boys. The social context in which girls compete in sports is likely a significant contributing factor to the risk of serious knee injuries. Lack of attention and insufficient data on gender‐based differences in ACL injuries, outcomes and evidence‐based treatment guidelines highlight the need for further research on this topic.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Weight‐bearing pain and implant migration, progressive radiolucencies, radiolucency more than 2 mm and subsidence on radiographs and CT are generally accepted criteria for knee arthroplasty loosening: An international Delphi consensus study
Authors: Buijs George S. , Kievit Arthur J. , Schafroth Matthias U. , Hirschmann Michael T. , Blankevoort Leendert ,   International Consensus Panel
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeEstablishing the diagnosis of loosening in total or unicondylar knee arthroplasty remains a challenge with different clinical and radiological signs evaluated in study designs with high risk of bias, where few or incomplete criteria are formulated for establishing the diagnosis of implant loosening. This study aimed at evaluating the variability between different clinical and radiological criteria and establish a consensus regarding clinical and radiological criteria for the diagnosis of knee arthroplasty loosening.MethodsHighly specialized knee surgeons focusing on revision arthroplasty were invited to take part in an international panel for a Delphi consensus study. In the first round, the participants were asked to state their most important clinical and radiological criteria for implant loosening. In a second round, the panel's agreement with the collected criteria was rated on a 5‐point Likert scale (1–5). High variability was defined by receiving at least one score each indicating complete disagreement and complete agreement. Consensus was established when over 70% of participants rated a criterion as ‘fully agree’ (5) or ‘mostly agree’ (4).ResultsHigh variability was observed in 56% of clinical criteria and 38% of radiological criteria. A consensus was reached on one clinical (weight‐bearing pain [82%]) and four radiological criteria, that is, implant migration, progressive radiolucencies, subsidence and radiolucencies >2 mm on X‐ray or computed tomography (CT) (84%–100%).ConclusionAmongst specialized knee revision surgeons, there is high variability in clinical and radiological criteria that are seen as important contributing factors to diagnosis of knee implant loosening. A consensus was reached on weight‐bearing pain as clinical criterion and on implant migration, progressive radiolucencies, subsidence and radiolucencies of more than 2 mm on X‐ray or CT as radiological criteria. The variability rates observed, along with the criteria that reached consensus, offer important insights for the standardization of diagnostic protocols.Level of evidenceLevel V.
The effectiveness of quadrupled semitendinosus graft technique in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A network meta‐analysis assessing various graft preparation techniques
Authors: Malesa Kamila , Tramś Ewa , Kuliński Krzysztof , Kamiński Rafał 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to perform a network meta‐analysis of hamstring graft preparation techniques to enhance anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction guidelines and inform clinical decision‐making in patients with primary ACL rupture.MethodsA review of the literature, from 1 January 1990, to 31 August 2023, was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines, focusing on the clinical outcomes of various hamstring graft preparation techniques. Forty‐six studies (over 4800 knees) were analysed. Eight graft compositions: doubled hamstring (ST/G)—1978 grafts, doubled hamstring with augmentation (ST/G+A)—586 grafts, tripled semitendinosus (3ST)—124 grafts, quadrupled semitendinosus (4ST)—1273 grafts, five‐strand tripled semitendinosus + doubled gracilis (3ST/2GR—839 grafts, six‐strand tripled semitendinosus + tripled gracilis (3ST/3GR)—335 grafts, seven‐strand quadrupled semitendinosus + tripled gracilis (4ST/3GR)—11 grafts and ≥eight strands—24 grafts were compared, considering graft sizes, laxity, muscle strength, range‐of‐motion, patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs), return to sport (RTS) and adverse events.ResultsThe 4ST grafts fared better than the ST/G grafts in the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) Sport, KOOS Q and RTS (mean difference [MD], −1.69; p = 0.0159; MD, −1.55; p = 0.0325; MD, −1.93; p = 0.001; odds ratio: 3.13; p < 0.0001). The IKDC differed significantly between the 4ST and ST/G+A groups (MD, 1.88; p = 0.046). The ST/G+A resulted in the lowest knee laxity, surpassing the ST/G, 3ST and 4ST. The ST/G had the smallest diameter (ST/G vs. ST/G+A: MD, 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67–1.86, p < 0.0001). Reduced failure rates were noted with the 3ST/2GR (3ST/2GR vs. ST/G: MD, 6.93; p = 0.009) and 3ST/3GR (3ST/3GR vs. ST/G: MD, 53.64; p = 0.006).ConclusionThe ideal hamstring graft for ACLR should be individualized. A 4ST graft is likely to yield good PROMs. For high stability and rapid RTS, adding augmentation to the graft is advisable. The ST/G is the thinnest graft possible.Level of EvidenceNetwork meta‐analysis of level I–III studies.
Defining clinically relevant outcome thresholds for pain and function after osteochondral autograft transplantation of the knee
Authors: Kunze Kyle N. , Varady Nathan H. , Khorana Arjun , Rodeo Scott A. , Warren Russell F. , Wickiewicz Thomas L. , Williams Riley J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo define the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for measures of pain and function at 2, 5 and 10 years after osteochondral autograft transplantations (OATs).MethodsPatients undergoing OATs of the knee were identified from a prospectively maintained cartilage surgery registry. Baseline demographic, injury and surgical factors were collected. Patient‐reported outcome scores (PROMs) were collected at baseline, 2‐, 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐up, including the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS‐ADLS), Marx activity scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain. The MCIDs were quantified for each metric utilizing a distribution‐based method equivalent to one‐half the standard deviation of the mean change in outcome score. The percentage of patients achieving MCID as a function of time was assessed.ResultsOf 63 consecutive patients who underwent OATs, 47 (74.6%) patients were eligible for follow‐up (surgical date before October 2021) and had fully completed preoperative PROMs. A total of 39 patients (83%) were available for a minimum 2‐year follow‐up, with a mean (±standard deviation) follow‐up of 5.8 ± 3.4 years. The MCIDs were determined to be 9.3 for IKDC, 2.5 for Marx, 7.4 for KOS‐ADLS and 12.9 for pain. At 2 years, 78.1% of patients achieved MCID for IKDC, 77.8% for Marx, 75% for KOS‐ADLS and 57.9% for pain. These results were generally maintained through 10‐year follow‐ups, with 75% of patients achieving MCID for IKDC, 80% for Marx, 80% for KOS‐ADLS and 69.8% for pain.ConclusionsThe majority of patients achieved a clinically relevant outcome improvement after OATs of the knee, with results sustained through 10‐year follow‐up. Patients who experience clinically relevant outcome improvement after OATs in the short term continue to experience sustained benefits at longer‐term follow‐up. These data provide valuable prognostic information when discussing patient candidacy and the expected trajectory of recovery.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Females demonstrate lower levels of activity, psychological readiness and strength symmetry after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction than males, and also recovery of quadriceps strength and hop symmetry is delayed in females undergoing reconstruction with a quadriceps tendon autograft
Authors: Ebert Jay R. , Calvert Nicholas D. , Radic Ross 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate sex‐based recovery differences in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with a hamstring (HT) or quadriceps (QT) tendon autograft.MethodsThis study included 97 patients, including 50 females (HT = 25, QT = 25) and 47 males (HT = 24, QT = 23), assessed presurgery and at 12‐ and 24‐month postoperatively via surveys, laxity, isokinetic knee extensor and flexor torque and a 6‐hop performance battery. Limb symmetry indices (LSIs) were calculated. Outcomes were compared between males and females, as well as within each graft type.ResultsMales reported significantly higher Tegner scores at 12 (p = 0.029) and 24 (p = 0.031) months, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport after Injury scores at 12 (p = 0.009) and 24 (p = 0.010) months, and a significantly higher lateral hop LSI at 12 (p = 0.045) months, knee extensor torque LSI at 12 (p = 0.020) months, and knee flexor torque LSI at 12 (p = 0.001) and 24 (p = 0.039) months. Females undergoing ACLR with a QT (vs. HT) graft demonstrated a lower knee extensor torque LSI at 12 (p = 0.006) months, a lower lateral hop LSI at 12 (p = 0.038) months, and a lower medial hop LSI at 12 (p = 0.042) months.ConclusionsFemales reported less activity and psychological readiness, as well as strength symmetry. Furthermore, the recovery of quadriceps strength and hop symmetry was delayed in females (vs. males) undergoing ACLR with a QT graft. A better understanding of these differences will assist in counselling on expectations, determining the most appropriate graft construct and permitting more targeted rehabilitation.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Highly Efficient Utilization of High‐Energy Excitons in Multilayer WSe2 for Self‐Powered Ultraviolet Photodetector With Near‐Unity External Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Yan Chuxin , Li Yuanzheng , Li Rui , Ma Rongjian , Li Jixiu , Xin Wei , Liu Weizhen , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh‐energy excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), resulting from intrinsic van Hove singularities in the density of states, demonstrate strong ultraviolet light absorption capacity and significant potential for the development of high‐performance ultraviolet photovoltaic devices. Nevertheless, only a limited fraction of carriers from high‐energy excitons can be effectively utilized due to unique parallel band structures and unfavorable recombination processes. To efficiently exploit the high‐energy excitons, a two‐terminal photodetector based on multilayer WSe2 with a unilateral Schottky junction is designed. Benefiting from the strong built‐in electric field, a superior responsivity of 286 mA W−1 and near‐unity external‐quantum‐efficiency (EQE) of 98% is achieved at 360 nm. Transient absorption spectroscopy demonstrates that the high EQE is attributed to the efficient separation and transfer of high‐energy excitons achieved by the strong built‐in electric field, thus circumventing unfavorable recombination processes and enabling highly efficient utilization of high‐energy excitons. This work provides an effective strategy for constructing high‐performance and low‐power consumption ultraviolet photodetectors.
Infrared Absorber Miniaturization: Exceptional Optical Phase Shift Induced by Ultrahigh Refractive Index Artificial Films
Authors: Chen Zhilin , Jiang Yuxin , Xiong Hui , Xin Ruochen , Ding Wenjing , Gao Junhua , Cao Hongtao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFabry‐Pérot (FP) photonic absorbers have demonstrated their subwavelength thickness and integration convenience. However, without introducing abnormal phase shifts, it is hard to further miniaturize the FP absorbers. Herein, based on perfect optical phase‐matching, planar FP infrared (IR) absorbers can be more significantly thinned via ultrahigh refractive index (RI) artificial films, breaking the conventional quarter‐wavelength cavity limitation. Specifically, an ultrahigh RI (≈6.0) Ag nanowire‐Si metamaterial dielectric‐cavity covered by a giant RI (≈11.0) bismuth‐based absorbing layer is proposed to induce exceptional propagation phase accumulation and reflection phase shift. The resultant 155 nm FP absorber (not including the mirror layer) can support a resonance absorption at ≈4.4 µm. After vertically stacking, double‐cavity absorbers (below 310 nm) with multi‐resonant features are achieved, yielding broadband absorption from 1.4 to 14.4 µm. In addition, the whole FP absorbers are fabricated only through a sputtering process without any other procedures. In terms of optical phase management and refractive index engineering, this work creates a novel miniaturization scheme for FP infrared absorbers, offering a lot of opportunities applied in advanced nanophotonics.
Social comparison theory: A review and future directions
Authors: Caliskan Ferhat , Idug Yavuz , Uvet Hasan , Gligor Nichole , Kayaalp Alper 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSocial comparison theory provides valuable insights into how individuals assess themselves by comparing various facets of their lives to others. This theory offers a framework that helps in understanding the motivations behind self‐evaluation and improvement, as well as shaping consumer behaviors. The extensive body of research related to the theory has resulted in numerous publications across various domains, hindering a comprehensive overview of the research field and constraining its progress. Our multi‐disciplinary study addresses the fragmented scholarly landscape through a hierarchical bibliometric analysis, unveiling key authors, themes, and connections, and emphasizing its current state and future potential, particularly in the marketing domain. Our research indicates that interest in social comparison theory has surged, driven by social media's impact on body image and self‐esteem. Our findings also highlight the significance of themes such as body image, envy, social media, motivation, and life satisfaction, revealing the multifaceted expansion of the theory across various fields.
Humanlike service robots: A systematic literature review and research agenda
Authors: Zhang Wenzhen , Slade Emma L. , Pantano Eleonora 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHumanlike robots are increasingly employed to provide frontline services. They are frequently designed with stereotypically feminine or masculine humanlike features which affect or bias consumer behavior in service encounters. This systematic review of 118 peer‐reviewed journal papers aims to comprehensively capture the current status of the field and identify important research gaps requiring further investigation. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses protocol, a comprehensive framework is developed to conceptualize the process of customer interactions with humanlike service robots, depicting how humanlike service robots influence consumer behavior. Specifically, we identify interaction antecedents, consumer processing factors, outcomes of the interactions, and strengthening/attenuating factors. Based on the framework, the review concludes by identifying issues that future research should seek to solve to contribute to the field. This paper provides a deep understanding of service robot anthropomorphism in marketing and consumer research and proposes a future research agenda to advance knowledge of the field.
I am not an animal: How animal metaphors backfire in product advertising
Authors: Huang Wen‐Hsien 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of animal metaphors in product advertisements. Such ads, especially those for health products, often employ metaphors depicting the ad messengers with animal characteristics to imply the negative health consequences of not using a product. Four studies are carried out using field and experimental data. The findings show that animal metaphor ads are less persuasive than nonmetaphor ads because the viewers of ads with animal‐like (as opposed to human) messengers experience stronger perceived self‐dehumanization, which in turn has a negative effect on product choice, brand attitude, product evaluation, and purchase intention. This effect occurs regardless of whether the animal metaphors are presented visually or verbally. Furthermore, the unfavorable reaction is stronger when the source domain includes a more disliked animal. However, it is also found that the animal metaphor effect diminishes when the target domain shifts from human to object. The findings shed light on how a sense of self‐dehumanization, triggered by the use of animalized model images in advertisements, can harm brands and products, offering insights into the pitfalls of using animal metaphors in health communication.
Investigating the Effect of Chain Extender on the Phase Separation and Mechanical Properties of Polybutadiene‐Based Polyurethane
Authors: Niu Zhihao , Wang Yimin , Wang Xin , Yin Dexian , Shou Tao , Cao Pengfei , Zhao Xiuying , Hu Shikai , Zhang Liqun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe thermodynamic incompatibility between the soft and hard segments of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) results in a microphase‐separated behavior and excellent mechanical properties. However, the effect of the chain extender on the degree of microphase separation (DMS) and the resultant mechanical properties of TPU have not been well studied because of the complex interactions between the soft and hard segments. Herein, hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene‐based TPUs(HTPB‐TPUs) without hydrogen bonding between the soft and hard segments are synthesized using hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene, toluene diisocyanate, and four different chain extenders, and the effect of the chain extender structure on DMS is analyzed experimentally using a combination of analytical techniques. Furthermore, the solubility parameters of the soft and hard segments, glass transition temperatures, and hydrogen‐bond density of the HTPB‐TPUs, are computed using all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations. The results clearly reveal that the chain extender significantly affects the DMS and thus the mechanical properties of HTPB‐TPUs. This study paves the way for studying the relationship between the structure and properties of TPU.
Electron Transporting Polymeric Materials with Partial Quaternization for High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Lei Hongliang , Yu Fengyi , Chen Chen , Li Yulu , Hu Dingqin , Chen Yao , Tian Gengsui , Liu Lei , Yang Ke , Xiao Zeyun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEfficient cathode interfacial layers (CILs) have become a crucial component of organic solar cells (OSCs). Charge extraction barriers, interfacial trap states, and significant transport resistance may be induced due to the unfavorable cathode interlayer, limiting the device performance. In this study, poly(4‐vinylpyridine) is used as the CIL for OSCs, and a new type of CIL named P4VP‐I is synthesized through the quaternization strategy. Compared to P4VP, P4VP‐I CIL exhibits enhanced conductivity and optimized work function. OSCs employing the P4VP‐I ETL demonstrate prolonged carrier lifetime, suppressed charge recombination, and achieve higher power conversion efficiencies (PCE) than the commonly used ETLs such as PFN‐Br and Phen‐NaDPO.
Existence results for the generalized Riemann–Liouville type fractional Fisher‐like equation on the half‐line
Authors: Nyamoradi Nemat , Ahmad Bashir 
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we discuss the existence of multiplicity of positive solutions to a new generalized Riemann–Liouville type fractional Fisher‐like equation on a semi‐infinite interval equipped with nonlocal multipoint boundary conditions involving Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative and integral operators. The existence of at least two positive solutions for the given problem is established by using the concept of complete continuity and iterative positive solutions. We show the existence of at least three positive solutions to the problem at hand by applying the generalized Leggett–Williams fixed‐point theorem due to Bai and Ge [Z. Bai, B. Ge, Existence of three positive solutions for some second‐order boundary value problems, Comput. Math. Appl. 48 (2014) 699‐70]. Illustrative examples are constructed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the main results. It has also been indicated in Section 5 that some new results appear as special cases by choosing the parameters involved in the given problem appropriately.
Developing an 8‐Week, Tele‐Education Weight Control and Exercise Programme, and Evaluating Its Effects on Weight and Pain Reduction in Patients With Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Double‐Blinded Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Khazaei Reyhaneh , Maleklou Faezeh , Bodaghabadi Zahra , Tavana Mohammad Mahdi , Kluzek Stefan , Sharafi Sayedeh Elham , Feshki Mojtaba Shiri , Alizadeh Zahra 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability among the elderly and is often exacerbated by obesity. Research supports weight loss and exercise therapy as key strategies for managing knee OA‐related disability. Concurrently, telemedicine is becoming a popular healthcare approach. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an 8‐week tele‐education programme's impact on weight control and knee OA outcomes.Methods/DesignParticipants with knee OA and obesity were included. Baseline data on pain (VAS index), physical activity (GPAQ questionnaire), and quality of life (EQ5D and KOOS questionnaires) were collected. Performance tests, including the 30‐second Chair Stand test (30CST) and the Timed Up‐and‐Go test (TUG), were recorded. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: a control group receiving oral advice on diet and exercise, and an intervention group receiving educational videos on nutrition, lifestyle changes, physical activity, individualised exercises, and psychosocial support. Evaluations were repeated after 8 weeks.ResultsData from 25 of 30 participants were analysed. In the intervention group, body composition, waist, and abdominal circumference decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The KOOS questionnaire showed significant improvements in pain, activity, and daily tasks (p = 0.00). The EQ5D questionnaire and health satisfaction also showed positive results within the intervention group (p = 0.00) and between groups (p = 0.008). The pain index improved significantly within (p = 0.00) and between groups (p = 0.02). Functional test results were significant within the intervention group (p = 0.00) and between groups (p = 0.017 for 30CST and p = 0.004 for TUG).ConclusionAn 8‐week tele‐education programme for weight control and exercise therapy in knee OA patients significantly improved body composition, quality of life, and functional performance. Given the costs of obesity and knee OA on both people and the health system, tele‐education can be a cost‐effective treatment strategy.