bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetically predicted the causal association between circulating inflammatory proteins and sepsis
Authors: Jing Zhaoyi , Song Qingyu , Qi Xianghua , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Sepsis is a severe complication originating from an imbalanced host response to infection. Based on previous studies, the protein profile shows crucial participation in sepsis pathology. Observational studies on the relationship of circulating inflammatory proteins with sepsis susceptibility often confront difficulties related to reverse causality and confounding variables. The present study elucidated the potential causal effects of circulating inflammatory proteins on sepsis risk.
Methods
Here, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted. The genetic instruments associated with inflammatory protein levels were derived using a genome-wide study of protein quantitative trait loci that involved 14,824 individuals based on the Olink Target platform. We then utilized summary data from the UK Biobank database, a large multicenter cohort study of > 500,000 European individuals, to determine the associations of these proteins with sepsis and the related outcomes. The analysis included sepsis, sepsis (under 75 years of age), sepsis (28-day death), and sepsis (28-day death in critical care). Furthermore, the directionality of the results was confirmed using the Steiger test. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to examine the heterogeneity and pleiotropy of the results. Outliers were screened by the MR-PRESSO method.
Results
We identified causal relationships of sepsis with TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) levels and vascular endothelial growth factor A levels. Sepsis (under 75 years) exhibited a causal relationship with TRAIL levels. Moreover, a causal relationship between sepsis (critical care) and TRAIL levels was also noted. Sepsis (28-day death) showed causal relationships with C-C motif chemokine 19 (CCL19), cystatin D, and TRAIL levels. Finally, sepsis (28-day death in critical care) exhibited a causal relationship with the levels of CCL19 and CCL28.
Conclusion
Our study provides evidence supporting the causal effects of few circulating inflammatory proteins on sepsis prognosis and susceptibility. These findings suggest that therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating these cytokine levels could have potential benefits for sepsis patients. Nonetheless, the validity and generalizability of our results should be confirmed through further research.
Impact of Submarine Groundwater Discharge, Climate Change, and Land Use on Korea’s Coast
Authors: Yoon Yeosang , Jung Hahn Chul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The impact of climate change on fresh submarine ground discharge (SGD) variation on the Korean Peninsula challenges coastal regions, making them susceptible to environmental degradation and economic impacts. This study provides the first regional estimates of fresh SGD along the entire coast of the Korean Peninsula from 1980 to 2016, utilizing established water balance methods. Our results indicate that the western and southern coasts of South Korea experience higher fresh SGD rates due to greater net precipitation compared to the North Korean region. The impact of drainage length is evident when examining the East and West coasts. Notably, substantial tidal flats on the West coast, where tidal differences significantly influence high SGD rates, are particularly significant. Climate change affects fresh SGD variation, with South Korea's western and southern coasts showing rising trends in spring and winter, while North Korean coastal watersheds display a consistent increase across all seasons. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of Korean coastal regions to climate change and land use development, affecting 15% of the coastline. Specifically, the increased development and agricultural land in South Korean coastal catchments have exacerbated vulnerability by 38% since 1990, driven by economic growth, population expansion, and shifts in cultivated crops.
Separating CO2 emission from removal targets comes with limited cost impacts
Authors: Merfort Anne , Strefler Jessica , Abrahão Gabriel , Bauer Nico , Luderer Gunnar , Dorndorf Tabea , Kriegler Elmar , Merfort Leon , Edenhofer Ottmar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Net-zero commitments have become the central focal point for countries to communicate long-term climate targets. However, to this point it is not clear to what extent conventional emissions reductions and carbon dioxide removal (CDR) will contribute to net-zero. An integrated market for emissions and removals with a uniform carbon price delivers the economically efficient contribution of CDR to net-zero, yet it might not fully internalise sustainability risks of CDR and hence could lead to its overuse. In this study, we explore the implications of separating targets for emission reductions and CDR for global net-zero emissions pathways with the Integrated Assessment Model REMIND. Even though it entails a deviation from the solution of the integrated market, we find that efficiency losses are moderate. Limiting CDR lowers the financial burden for public finance, limits reliance on geologic CO2 storage and leads to lower cumulative emissions, yet this increase in ambition comes at higher total mitigation costs.
Primary Cytoreductive Surgery Versus Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: the Primary Cytoreductive Surgery is Better Than Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Platinum-resistant Patients
Authors: kayan basak ozge , bese tugan , turna hande , ilvan sennur , cebi sukru , acikgoz serdar , aykanat yeliz , makul melike , demirkiran fuat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated the outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval cytoreductive surgery and primary cytoreductive surgery (PCS) in patients with platinum-sensitive or resistant advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
Materials and methods: The inclusion criteria fit 298 patients who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery (PCS group n=158) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT group n=140). Differences in characteristic features, chemotherapy responses, and prognosis were compared.
Results: Although the median DFS was similar between the two groups, the median OS was significantly longer in the PCS (p=0.025). There was no survival advantage between the two groups regarding OS in platinum-sensitive patients. However, OS was significantly longer in platinum-resistant patients who underwent PCS (p=0.011). The rate of complete cytoreduction (R=0) was 47.5% in the PCS and 67.1% in the NACT group (p=0.001). Although DFS and OS advantages were observed in the PCS group in R=0 patients with a residual tumor, no significant difference was noticed between the two groups. The two groups had no OS advantage when platinum-sensitive patients were assessed for residual tumor. Meanwhile, in platinum-resistant patients, R=0 provided OS advantage in the PCS group (p=0.008). However, no significant difference was observed if there was any residual tumor (p=0.091).
Conclusion: OS was significantly longer in the PCS group. Survival is better in platinum-resistant patients if no residual tumor exists after PCS. There was no difference in OS between the PCS and NACT groups in platinum-sensitive patients, regardless of residual tumor. Specific methods and markers are needed before initial treatment in epithelial ovarian cancer.
Risk factors of incident lung diseases and the impact of DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a longitudinal study
Authors: Chen Guangcai , Zhang Qing , Geng Linyu , Zhang Yaqi , Liang Jun , Jin Ziyi , Qian Zhijie , Xu Xinqi , Zhu Kexin , Shu Qing , Tang Xiaojun , Zhang Huayong , Feng Xuebing , Chen Hongwei , Wang Dandan , Shen Wei , Sun Lingyun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
We aimed to investigate the impact of clinical characteristics and therapy on rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related lung diseases.
Methods
The retrospective cohort consisted of 1,207 inpatients at baseline. RA-related lung diseases included interstitial lung disease (ILD), bronchiectasis, pleural effusion, or pulmonary arterial hypertension. Kaplan-Meier method was used to measure the cumulative incidence curve. Cox regression was conducted to evaluate the associations between RA-related lung diseases and risk indicators. Logistic regression was employed to examine the impact of drugs.
Results
145 patients developed RA-related lung diseases during a mean follow-up period of 3.5 years. The incidence of RA-related lung diseases increased, especially after 10 years of RA onset, or from the age of 55. RA-related lung diseases was independently associated with older age at RA onset (per 10 years, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.42), longer RA duration (per 10 years, HR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.15–1.77), higher Rheumatic Disease Comorbidity Index (HR = 1.22, 95%CI = 1.08–1.39), history of lung infections (HR = 2.26, 95%CI = 1.58–3.24), concomitant systemic lupus erythematosus (HR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.35–4.13). After adjustment, ever-use of methotrexate was negatively associated with RA-related lung diseases (odds ratio [OR] = 0.64, 95%CI = 0.44–0.92) and ILD (OR = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.35–0.83). Biologic or targeted synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) were also found protective (OR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.35–0.99).
Conclusion
Our study indicated that several risk factors were associated with RA-related lung diseases, and methotrexate and b/tsDMARDs brought protective effects.
Linking clinical manifestations and causative organisms may provide clues for the treatment of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis
Authors: Ren Dong-dong , Pan Yue-Juan , Nie Jian-dong , Wang Xiaoxiao , Tang Wen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Different initial manifestations of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP) may depend on the type of pathogenic organism. We investigated the association between the clinical characteristics of PDAP and susceptibility to vancomycin and investigated the possibility of using vancomycin monotherapy alone as an initial treatment regimen for some PDAP patients to avoid unnecessary antibiotic exposure and secondary infection.
Methods
Patients with culture-positive PDAP were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups: those who presented with only cloudy effluent (PDAP-cloudy) or those who presented with cloudy effluent, abdominal pain and/or fever (PDAP-multi). The bacterial culture of PD effluent and antibiotic sensitivity test results were compared between groups. Logistic regression was used to investigate factors predicting susceptibility to vancomycin.
Results
Of the 162 patients who had a positive bacterial culture of PD fluid, 30 patients were in the PDAP-cloudy group, and 132 patients were in the PDAP-multifroup group. Thirty (100%) patients in the PDAP-cloudy group had gram-positive bacterial infections, which was significantly greater than that in the PDAP-multifroup group (51.5%) (P < 0.001). Twenty-nine (96.7%) peritonitis patients in the PDAP-cloudy group were susceptible to vancomycin, compared to 67 (50.8%) in the PDAP-multi group (P < 0.001). The specificity of PDAP-cloudy for vancomycin-sensitive peritonitis was 98.48%. Only one patient (3.3%) in the PDAP-cloudy group experienced vancomycin-resistant peritonitis caused by Enterococcus gallinarum, which could neither be covered by vancomycin nor by the initial antibiotic regimen recommended by the current ISPD guidelines. The presence of only cloudy effluent was an independent predictor of susceptibility to vancomycin according to multivariate analysis (OR = 21.893, 95% CI 2.803-171.004, p = 0.003), in addition to PD effluent WBC counts (OR = 0.988, 95% CI 0.980–0.996, p = 0.004) and concomitant diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.878, 95% CI 1.347–6.129, p = 0.006). The specificity of presenting with only cloudy effluen for vancomycin-sensitive peritonitis was 98.48%.
Conclusions
Cloudy dialysate, as the only symptom at PDAP onset, was an independent predictor of vancomycin-sensitive PDAP, which is an important new insight that may guide the choice of initial antibiotic treatment.
Surgical Implantation of An Embolized CoreValve transcatheter Self-Expandable aortic bioprosthesis
Authors: Forouzannia Seyed Mohammad , Pakbaz Marziyeh , zeinali Ali Mohammad Haji , Forouzannia Seyed Ali , Forouzannia Seyed Khalil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We report on a case of failed Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in a 78-year-old male, complicated by the dislodgment of a CoreValve into the distal ascending aorta after it was successfully implanted. The case was managed surgically by retrieving and re-implanting the dislodged valve as a bailout strategy.
Aerobic exercise and metformin co-administration attenuate the cognitive impairment in an experimental model of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus on neuroinflammation and adult hippocampal neurogenesis
Authors: Padhy Dibya Sundar , Aggarwal Punita , Ravichandiran V. , Banerjee Sugato 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that increases the prevalence of cognitive impairment in the elderly. Aerobic exercise has been reported as an excellent non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy to prevent Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. The present study assessed the role of treadmill exercise and metformin (70 mg/kg) co-administration for fourteen weeks in cognitive impairment and its associated molecular mechanism in T2DM rats. Neurobehavioural assessments were performed to evaluate spatial recognition and fear-conditioned memory. ELISA was performed to evaluate the inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and western blotting confirmed the effect of exercise and metformin on astrogliosis and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. T2DM rats showed a significant alteration in neurobehavioural patterns compared to the control group, which were improved in the exercise and metformin co-administered animals. The level of neuroinflammation was significantly elevated in the hippocampal tissue of T2DM rats compared to the control and lowered after exercise and metformin treatment. Molecular expression of mature neurons, astrogliosis, microgliosis, and neurogenesis markers were significantly altered in T2DM rat brains and ameliorated upon exercise and metformin treatment. Moreover, upregulation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the hippocampus was observed in exercise and metformin co-administered rats, which was impaired in the T2DM hippocampus. In summary, long-term aerobic exercise with metformin treatment ameliorated neuroinflammation and promoted adult hippocampal neurogenesis via upregulating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway in T2DM rats.
MEK5-ERK5 pathway mediates mitophagy by regulating Nur77 to promote tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Wang Jianshu , Li Jing , Xue Jinxu , Ma Baijing , Zhu Yanqi , Tian Caiping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the influence of MEK5/ERK5 pathway on mitophagy in osteosarcoma (OS), as well as the involved molecular mechanisms.
Methods
The overlapped genes of mitophagy-related genes from MSigDB database and DEGs between metastatic and primary OS groups from GSE32981 were identified. GSVA of mitophagy-related pathways between the metastatic and primary groups were analyzed. The relationships between Nur77 and mitophagy-related pathways, prognosis were investigated. Western blotting was utilized to assess protein levels of MEK5, ERK5, p-ERK5, Nur77, PINK1, and Parkin. Cellular behaviors and mitochondrial potential were evaluated via CCK-8, Transwell assay and JC-1 staining.
Results
Total 4 overlapped genes were obtained as mitophagy-related DEGs, including GABARAPL1, HIF1A, PINK1, RB1CC1. The activity scores of 3 mitophagy-related pathways exhibited significant differences between metastatic and primary groups. Importantly, Nur77 was significantly negatively correlated with a mitophagy-related pathway (GOBP MITOPHAGY: R = -0.48, P = 0.02). The Nur77 expression in metastatic group was remarkedly higher than that in the primary group (P < 0.001). Patients with high Nur77 expression had poor prognosis, with AUC values all above 0.615 in predicting 1, 3, and 5 years survival. In addition, MEK5/ERK5 pathway is activated in OS, and MEK5/ERK pathway promotes Nur77 expression, tumorigenesis and mitochondrial function in U2OS cells. Cytosporone B implement significantly increased the tumorigenesis of U2OS cells in sh-MEK5 group, and inhibited the weaken in mitochondrial membrane potential caused by MEK5 downregulation, and reversed the protein levels of mitophagy markers PINK1 and Parkin in sh-MEK5 group.
Conclusion
MEK5-ERK5 pathway mediates mitophagy by regulating Nur77 to promote tumorigenesis of OS cells. These findings offered promising therapeutic targets for OS.
A Study on the Impact of Sleep Quality on Depression and Anxiety among Medical University Students: A Mediating Role Based on Positive Mental Characters
Authors: wang guanheng , cao rongmeng , he jiansheng , ye wenan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Exploring the mediating role of positive mental characters between sleep quality and anxiety and depression, in order to prevent mental health problems among medical university students and promote their mental health development. A study was conducted on students from a medical university, using the Insomnia Severity Index, Chinese College Students Positive Psychological Quality Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale for on-site evaluation. The Process macro program developed by Hayes was used for mediation effect analysis. The development of positive mental characters among male students is better than that of female students, and their tendencies towards anxiety and depression are lower than those of female students; The development of positive mental characters among students aged 19–30 is better than that of students aged 18 and below, and their tendency towards anxiety and depression is lower than that of students aged 18; The development of positive mental characters among only child students is better than that of non only child students; The development of positive mental characters among students born in urban areas is better than that of students born in rural areas. The insomnia index is positively correlated with individual anxiety and depression, and the mediating effect of positive mental characters in the association between sleep quality and anxiety and depression accounts for 10.45% of the total effect. The development of positive mental characters partially mediates the relationship between sleep quality and depression and anxiety. High quality sleep and good positive mental characters can help medical school students alleviate anxiety and depression.
IoT based smart emergency response system (SERS) for monitoring vehicle, home and health status
Authors: Mohsin Abu S. M. , Muyeed Munyem Ahammad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper presents an innovative Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart emergency response system that aims to improve safety and efficiency across vehicles, homes and healthcare settings. The proposed system combines advanced sensors, communication technologies, and intelligent algorithms to provide a comprehensive solution for real-time monitoring and emergency management. The vehicle device is equipped with temperature, gas, flame, GPS, piezo, and accelerometer sensor and the system can detect accidents and hazardous conditions, automatically notifying emergency services and providing precise location data. For home security, it incorporates Flame Sensor, humidity sensor, DHT11, MQ-2 gas sensor, MQ-4 Gas Sensor, and MQ-135 gas sensor, and intrusion detection to ensure immediate alerts and response to potential threats. In healthcare, the proposed health device is equipped with temperature, humidity, stress levels, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and fetal heart rate sensor which can monitor vital signs and detect anomalies, triggering alerts for medical emergencies and facilitating timely intervention. The system utilizes a cloud-based platform to collect, analyze, and disseminate data, enabling seamless coordination between emergency responders such as ambulance for health and accident emergency, fire brigade for fire emergency and affected individuals. We have also developed a MySQL-PHP-Laravel based live dashboard and emergency response system where both the user and relevant stakeholder will have the access which could mitigate the emergency situation in the quickest amount of time without human intervention. By leveraging IoT capabilities, the smart emergency response system offers significant improvements in response times, accuracy, and overall effectiveness of emergency management. This integrated approach not only enhances individual safety but also contributes to broader public safety goals, showcasing the potential of IoT technologies in creating smarter, safer environments. Further development and field testing are anticipated to refine the system's functionality and expand its application scope.
Clinical and radiological response of benign dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) after stereotactic radiotherapy
Authors: Vuthiwong Withawat , Unsrisong Kittisak , Mahasap Bongkot Jia – , Vongsfak Jirapong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF) are abnormal communication at the dura between dural arteries and dural venous sinus or veins. The transverse or sinus are common location of the shunt. This study retrospective investigated the clinical and radiological responses of benign DAVF patients following hypofractionated SRT (HSRT). Eight patients who were diagnosed benign DAVF were treated with HSRT during January 2015 to December 2022. Eight patients (75% female, 25% male) with benign DAVF, predominantly located in the transverse-sigmoid sinus, were treated with HSRT. The cohort had an average age of 52.75 years. All patients presented with pulsatile tinnitus, with one also experiencing headaches. Complete symptomatic recovery was observed in 75% of patients within a mean of 9.7 months post-HSRT. Partial recovery was reported in 25% of patients. Radiographic obliteration was achieved in 85.7% of patients within a mean of 22.3 months, with one patient exhibiting stable disease. Focal alopecia and hyperintense changes on imaging were reported as transient side effects. HSRT provide effective and safety result for symptomatic recovery and radiological obliteration in benign DAVF at transverse sigmoid location. This method provides minimally invasive therapeutic treatment option for patient who suffer from pulsatile tinnitus.