bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of gap junction proteins in the development of neural network functional topology
Authors: Anava S. , Saad Y. , Ayali A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractGap junctions (GJs) provide a common form of intercellular communication in most animal cells and tissues, from Hydra to human, including electrical synaptic signalling. Cell coupling via GJs has an important role in development in general, and in neural network development in particular. However, quantitative studies monitoring GJ proteins throughout nervous system development are few. Direct investigations demonstrating a role for GJ proteins by way of experimental manipulation of their expression are also rare. In the current work we focused on the role of invertebrate GJ proteins (innexins) in the in vitro development of neural network functional topology, using two‐dimensional neural culture preparations derived from the frontal ganglion of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Immunocytochemistry and quantitative real‐time PCR revealed a dynamic expression pattern of the innexins during development of the cultured networks. Changes were observed both in the levels and in the localization of expression. Down‐regulating the expression of innexins, by using double‐strand RNA for the first time in locust neural cultures, induced clear changes in network morphology, as well as inhibition of synaptogenesis, thus suggesting a role for GJs during the development of the functional topology of neuronal networks.
Pediatric case of mesalazine‐induced interstitial nephritis with literature review
Authors: Co Maridine L. , Gorospe Emmanuel C. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe present the case of a 14‐year‐old boy with ulcerative colitis who was diagnosed with mesalazine‐induced interstitial nephritis (M‐IIN). Improvement in renal function occurred with discontinuation of mesalazine and corticosteroid therapy. We systematically searched the literature for pediatric cases of M‐IIN. There were eight cases. Majority of the cases were boys (75%) with ulcerative colitis (75%). Average duration of mesalazine use prior to the diagnosis of interstitial nephritis was 24 ± 18 months. The median dose was 1.5 g/day. M‐IIN appears to be an idiosyncratic reaction without any relation to dose or duration of mesalazine use. Although there are no guidelines to recommend routine surveillance of renal function, monitoring of serum creatinine in patients on mesalazine remains an inexpensive and non‐invasive test that may lead to early detection and treatment of renal injury.
Visualizing Intramyocardial Steam Formation with a Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter Incorporating Near‐Field Ultrasound
Authors: WRIGHT MATTHEW , HARKS ERIK , DELADI SZABOLCS , FOKKENROOD STEVEN , ZUO FEI , VAN DUSSCHOTEN ANNEKE , KOLEN ALEXANDER F. , BELT HARM , SACHER FREDERIC , HOCINI MÉLÈZE , HAÏSSAGUERRE MICHEL , JAÏS PIERRE 
Published: June 2013

Visualizing Steam PopsIntroductionSteam pops are a risk of irrigated RF ablation even when limiting power delivery. There is currently no way to predict gas formation during ablation. It would be useful to visualize intramyocardial gas formation prior to a steam pop occurring using near‐field ultrasound integrated into a RF ablation catheter.Methods and ResultsIn an in vivo open‐chest ovine model (n = 9), 86 lesions were delivered to the epicardial surface of the ventricles. Energy was delivered for 15–60 seconds, to achieve lesions with and without steam pops, based on modeling data. The ultrasound image was compared to a digital audio recording from within the pericardium by a blinded observer. Of 86 lesions, 28 resulted in an audible steam pop. For lesions that resulted in a steam pop compared to those that did not (n = 58), the mean power delivered was 8.0 ± 1.8 W versus 6.7 ± 2.0 W, P = 0.006. A change in US contrast due to gas formation in the tissue occurred in all lesions that resulted in a steam pop. In 4 ablations, a similar change in US contrast was observed in the tissue and RF delivery was stopped; in these cases, no pop occurred. The mean depth of gas formation was 0.9 ± 0.8 mm, which correlated with maximal temperature predicted by modeling. Changes in US contrast occurred 7.6 ± 7.2 seconds before the impedance rise and 7.9 ± 6.2 seconds (0.1–17.0) before an audible pop.ConclusionIntegrated US in an RF ablation catheter is able to visualize gas formation intramyocardially several seconds prior to a steam pop occurring. This technology may help prevent complications arising from steam pops.
Mutation‐Positive Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy: The Triangle of Dysplasia Displaced
Authors: TE RIELE ANNELINE S.J.M. , JAMES CYNTHIA A. , PHILIPS BINU , RASTEGAR NEDA , BHONSALE ADITYA , GROENEWEG JUDITH A. , MURRAY BRITTNEY , TICHNELL CRYSTAL , JUDGE DANIEL P. , VAN DER HEIJDEN JEROEN F. , CRAMER MAARTEN J.M. , VELTHUIS BIRGITTA K. , BLUEMKE DAVID A. , ZIMMERMAN STEFAN L. , KAMEL IHAB R. , HAUER RICHARD N.W. , CALKINS HUGH , TANDRI HARIKRISHNA 
Published: June 2013

ARVD/C: The Triangle of Dysplasia DisplacedIntroductionThe traditional description of the Triangle of Dysplasia in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) predates genetic testing and excludes biventricular phenotypes.Methods and ResultsWe analyzed Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) studies of 74 mutation‐positive ARVD/C patients for regional abnormalities on a 5‐segment RV and 17‐segment LV model. The location of electroanatomic endo‐ and epicardial scar and site of successful VT ablation was recorded in 11 ARVD/C subjects. Among 54/74 (73%) subjects with abnormal CMR, the RV was abnormal in almost all (96%), and 52% had biventricular involvement. Isolated LV abnormalities were uncommon (4%). Dyskinetic basal inferior wall (94%) was the most prevalent RV abnormality, followed by basal anterior wall (87%) dyskinesis. Subepicardial fat infiltration in the posterolateral LV (80%) was the most frequent LV abnormality. Similar to CMR data, voltage maps revealed scar (<0.5 mV) in the RV basal inferior wall (100%), followed by the RV basal anterior wall (64%) and LV posterolateral wall (45%). All 16 RV VTs originated from the basal inferior wall (50%) or basal anterior wall (50%). Of 3 LV VTs, 2 localized to the posterolateral wall. In both modalities, RV apical involvement never occurred in isolation.ConclusionMutation‐positive ARVD/C exhibits a previously unrecognized characteristic pattern of disease involving the basal inferior and anterior RV, and the posterolateral LV. The RV apex is only involved in advanced ARVD/C, typically as a part of global RV involvement. These results displace the RV apex from the Triangle of Dysplasia, and provide insights into the pathophysiology of ARVD/C.
Communication between residents and attending doctors on call after hours
Authors: Novoselsky Persky Michal A. , Yinnon Amos M. , Freier‐Dror Yossi , Henshke‐Bar‐Meir Ruth 
Published: June 2013

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesOff‐hours medical care in hospitals is provided by residents, while attendings on call are available for assistance. This study evaluated the gap between residents' expectations and professional guidelines' requirements of attendings on call and what actually occurs during night shifts, while comparing surgical and medical specialties.MethodsTwo questionnaires based on professional guidelines were filled by residents. The first queried about residents' expectations of attendings on call, and the second asked about communication with the attendings during actual night shifts.ResultsWhile 91 (100%) of residents expected the attending on call to be available by phone during the shift, only 44 (48%) expected the attending to initiate contact, and only 17 (19%) expected the attending to visit the ward or emergency department (ED) without being requested to do so. In 127 shifts (84%), some form of communication occurred. Residents called their attendings during 105 shifts (70%). However, attendings initiated contact with residents at the beginning or during the shift in only 67 (44%) and 62 (41%) shifts, respectively, and initiated a visit to the ward/ED during the shift in only 41 cases (27%). Surgical attendings initiated contact in these three ways significantly more frequently than medical attendings [21 (28%) versus 46 (61%), 20 (26%) versus 42 (56%) and 4 (5%) versus 37 (50%), respectively; P < 0.001].ConclusionWhile communication during night shifts between residents and attendings occurs in most shifts, attendings initiate far less contact with residents than is required by the guidelines.
Influence of anxiety on temporomandibular disorders – an epidemiological survey with elders and adults in Southern Brazil
Authors: Boscato N. , Almeida R. C. , Koller C. D. , Presta A. A. , Goettems M. L. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryThe socio‐economic and psychological factors and the use of and need for dental prostheses have been associated with prevalence and severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of socio‐economic and psychological factors, use of and need for dental prostheses with the prevalence and severity of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). A cross‐sectional study was conducted in Luzerna/Brazil. All individuals aged 35–44 (adults) and 65–74 (elders) were invited to participate in this study. The measuring instrument included a questionnaire application and the clinical evaluation regarding signs and symptoms of TMD. Descriptive analyses, chi‐squared test, unadjusted and adjusted Poisson regression were used for the statistic analysis. The level of statistical significance was given when P ≤ 0·05. In total, 568 individuals (338 adults and 230 elders) were included; among them, 43·5% had absent, 42·6% mild, 11·3% moderate and 2·6% severe TMD. The presence of higher TMD rates was found in females (P = 0·001), and the TMD occurrence increased with anxiety level (P = 0·001). Other socio‐economic factors, such as colour (P = 0·115), family structure (P = 0·478), age (P = 0·143), social class (P = 0·935) and education (P = 0·678) showed no influence. In conclusion, the female gender and individuals with higher levels of anxiety had increased prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMD. Additionally, was not founded association between TMD and use of and need for dental prostheses.
GLOBALIZING KNOWLEDGE: HOW TECHNOLOGICAL OPENNESS AFFECTS OUTPUT, SPATIAL INEQUALITY, AND WELFARE LEVELS
Authors: Bottazzi Giulio , Dindo Pietro 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTUsing an analytically solvable model, we study how the spatial distribution of economic activities and the ensuing welfare levels are affected by pecuniary externalities, depending on transportation costs, and localized technological externalities, due to the cost saving effect of intra‐ and interregional knowledge spillovers. Under the assumption of capital mobility and labor immobility, we show that increasing interregional knowledge spillovers, i.e., promoting technological openness, favors a smoother transition between different levels of firms concentration, makes trade globalization less likely to generate catastrophic and irreversible agglomeration, and ultimately leads to a less uneven distribution of welfare.
Is extubation associated with changes in ductal and pulmonary blood flow in extremely preterm neonates?
Authors: Wagh Deepika , Gill Andrew 
Published: June 2013

AimEarly extubation is desirable in preterm neonates to minimise the risk of complications associated with prolonged intubation. The association of significant pulmonary haemorrhage (PH) with extubation in a cluster of very preterm infants instigated an assessment of ductal and pulmonary haemodynamic effects of early extubation.MethodThis is a prospective observational study in 20 neonates (gestation <28 weeks) undergoing early extubation. Echocardiography was performed 5 min pre‐extubation and 20 min post‐extubation to continuous positive airway pressure. Normal cardiac anatomy was ascertained. Left pulmonary artery (LPA) and ductus arteriosus diameter and flows were recorded. Doppler spectral pattern of velocity was recorded over a minimum of four cycles.ResultsMedian (range) gestation, birthweight and age at extubation were 26.5 (24.0–28.0) weeks, 932 (595–1260) g and 18 (6–51) h, respectively. There was no significant change in pulmonary flow post‐extubation: ductal size: (pre – 1.2 (0–3.3) mm, post – 1.0 (0–3.5) mm); ductal flow: (pre – 44 (0–515), post – 49 (0–441) mL/kg/min); LPA diameter: (pre – 2.4 (1.9–3.8) mm, post – 2.6 (1.9–3.4) mm); LPA flow: (pre – 112 (59–255), post – 122 (58–188) mL/kg/min. There were 3 out of 20 infants who developed PH at the post‐natal age of 2, 11 and 16 days after extubation. Ductal and LPA flow did not change significantly after extubation in infants with or without PH irrespective of the ductal status.ConclusionsEarly extubation was not associated with a significant change from baseline in ductal and pulmonary flow in extremely preterm infants.
UPPER TRIASSIC POTENTIAL SOURCE ROCKS IN THE QIANGTANG BASIN, TIBET: ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Zeng Y. H. , Fu X. G. , Zeng S. Q. , Du G. 
Published: June 2013

Upper Triassic coal‐bearing strata in the Qiangtang Basin (Tibet) are known to have source rock potential. For this study, the organic geochemical characteristics of mudstones and calcareous shales in the Upper Triassic Tumengela and Zangxiahe Formations were investigated to reconstruct depositional settings and to assess hydrocarbon potential. Outcrop samples of the Tumengela and Zangxiahe Formations from four locations in the Qiangtang Basin were analysed. The locations were Xiaochaka in the southern Qiangtang depression, and Woruo Mountain, Quemo Co and Zangxiahe in the northern Qiangtang depression.At Quemo Co in the NE of the basin, calcareous shale samples from the Tumengela Formation have total organic carbon (TOC) contents of up to 1.66 wt.%, chloroform bitumen A contents of up to 734 ppm, and a hydrocarbon generation capacity (Rock‐Eval S1+ S2) of up to 1.94 mg/g. The shales have moderate to good source rock potential. Vitrinite reflectance (Rr) values of 1.30% to 1.46%, and Rock‐Eval Tmax values of 464 to 475 °C indicate that the organic matter is at a highly mature stage corresponding to condensate / wet gas generation. The shales contain Type II kerogen, and have low carbon number molecular compositions with relatively high C21−/C21+ (2.15–2.93), Pr/Ph ratios of 1.40–1.72, high S/C ratios (>0.04) in some samples, abundant gammacerane (GI of 0.50–2.04) and a predominance of C27 steranes, indicating shallow‐marine sub‐anoxic and hypersaline depositional conditions with some input of terrestrial organic matter.Tumengela and Zangxiahe Formation mudstone samples from Xiaochaka in the southern Qiangtang depression, and from Woruo Mountain and Zangxiahe in the northern depression, have low contents of marine organic matter (Type II kerogen), indicating relatively poor hydrocarbon generation potential. Rr values and Tmax data indicate that the organic matter is overmature corresponding to dry gas generation.
Foot Orgasm Syndrome: A Case Report in a Woman
Authors: Waldinger Marcel D. , de Lint Govert J. , van Gils Ad P.G. , Masir Farhad , Lakke Egbert , van Coevorden Ruben S. , Schweitzer Dave H. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Spontaneous orgasm triggered from inside the foot has so far not been reported in medical literature.

Aims
The study aims to report orgasmic feelings in the left foot of a woman.

Methods
A woman presented with complaints of undesired orgasmic sensations originating in her left foot. In-depth interview, physical examination, sensory testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-scan), electromyography (EMG), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and blockade of the left S1 dorsal root ganglion were performed.

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcomes are description of this clinical syndrome, results of TENS application, and S1 dorsal root ganglion blockade.

Results
Subtle attenuation of sensory amplitudes of the left suralis, and the left medial and lateral plantar nerve tracts was found at EMG. MRI-scan disclosed no foot abnormalities. TENS at the left metatarso-phalangeal joint-III of the left foot elicited an instant orgasmic sensation that radiated from plantar toward the vagina. TENS applied to the left side of the vagina elicited an orgasm that radiated to the left foot. Diagnostic blockade of the left S1 dorsal root ganglion with 0.8 mL bupivacaine 0.25 mg attenuated the frequency and intensity of orgasmic sensation in the left foot with 50% and 80%, respectively. Additional therapeutic blockade of the same ganglion with 0.8 mL bupivacaine 0.50 mg combined with pulsed radiofrequency treatment resulted in a complete disappearance of the foot-induced orgasmic sensations.

Conclusion
Foot orgasm syndrome (FOS) is descibed in a woman. Blockade of the left S1 dorsal root ganglion alleviated FOS. It is hypothesized that FOS, occurring 1.5 years after an intensive care emergency, was caused by partial nerve regeneration (axonotmesis), after which afferent (C-fiber) information from a small reinnervated skin area of the left foot and afferent somatic and autonomous (visceral) information from the vagina on at least S1 spinal level is misinterpreted by the brain as being solely information originating from the vagina.
Correlation of Question 15 of the FSDS-DAO with Clinician Evaluation of Female Orgasmic Disorder
Authors: Dickstein Jodi B. , Goldstein Sue W. , Tkachenko Natalia , Kreppner Wayne 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Female orgasmic disorder (FOD) is the second most frequently reported sexual dysfunction in women. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the term “marked distress” is central to the diagnosis of FOD.

Aim
Objectives of this study were to explore terminology used by women diagnosed with FOD to describe their associated feelings and establish a correlation between patient ratings of question 15, “How often do you feel frustrated by problems with orgasm” on the Female Sexual Distress Score/Desire Arousal Orgasm (FSDS-DAO) with clinician evaluations of FOD.

Methods
Research was performed at one sexual medicine facility. Recruited participants were patients diagnosed with FOD. Fifteen women meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled, completed the FSDS-DAO and a structured interview to assess terminology associated with orgasm difficulties.

Main Outcome Measure
Patient reported terminology for characterization of FOD, validity of question 15 of FSDS-DAO.

Results
When asked to describe their orgasm difficulties, 60% of participants said “frustrated.” Other terms included disappointed, pariah, subhuman, desperate, and concerned. Fifty-three percent (53%) claimed their inability to orgasm affected day-to-day life. In participants where FOD did not affect day-to-day life, 57% actively suppressed thoughts about inability to orgasm. Responses to question 15 of the FSDS-DAO ranged from 2–4 (mean 3.6) indicating participants were very frustrated.

Conclusions
To diagnose FOD, clinicians assess the level of associated distress through individualized patient interviews with no standardized tool. The term “distressed” is a medical construct and did not resonate with participants when describing their experience. participants used “frustrated” as an emotional descriptor to their sexual experience and scored high on question 15 of the FSDS-DAO. This study demonstrates the FSDS-DAO, specifically question 15, correlates well with the clinician diagnosis of marked distress and may be an appropriate tool for evaluating treatment benefit in the FOD population.
Lipopolysaccharide precipitates hepatic encephalopathy and increases blood–brain barrier permeability in mice with acute liver failure
Authors: Chastre Anne , Bélanger Mireille , Nguyen Bich N. , Butterworth Roger F. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground & AimsAcute liver failure (ALF) is frequently complicated by infection leading to precipitation of central nervous system complications such as hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and increased mortality. There is evidence to suggest that when infection occurs in ALF patients, the resulting pro‐inflammatory mechanisms may be amplified that could, in turn, have a major impact on blood–brain barrier (BBB) function. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of endotoxemia on the progression of encephalopathy in relation to BBB permeability during ALF.MethodsAdult male C57‐BL6 mice with ALF resulting from azoxymethane‐induced toxic liver injury were administered trace amounts of the endotoxin component lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Effects on the magnitude of the systemic inflammatory response, liver pathology and BBB integrity were measured as a function of progression of HE, defined as time to loss of corneal reflex (coma).ResultsLipopolysaccharide caused additional two‐ to seven‐fold (P < 0.001) increases in circulating pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6), worsening liver pathology and associated increases of circulating transaminases as well as increased hyperammonaemia consistent with a further loss of viable hepatocytes. LPS treatment of ALF mice led to a rapid precipitation of hepatic coma and the BBB became permeable to the 25‐kDa protein immunoglobulin G (IgG). This extravasation of IgG was accompanied by ignificant up‐regulation of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), an endopeptidase known to modulate opening of the BBB in a wide range of neurological disorders.ConclusionsThese findings represent the first direct evidence of inflammation‐related BBB permeability changes in ALF.
A role for aeration and intake depth in managing toxic Cylindrospermopsis: A comparison between off‐stream and riverine environments in the Fitzroy Basin, Australia
Authors: Stitz Leigh , Kinnear Susan , Fabbro Larelle 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCylindrospermopsis is a cyanobacterial species of global concern, due to its ability to produce potent toxins and its near‐cosmopolitan distribution. To date, both management and research efforts for Cylindrospermopsis have focused on riverine settings. By contrast, off‐stream storages are inadequately studied, particularly in terms of population dynamics and toxin profiles, how these are linked with the riverine systems that seed them, and what management options are best for optimizing water quality. This is a critical gap, given that storages are key off‐take points for many water users, including for livestock watering and industrial supply. This study examined the relationship between a riverine and an off‐stream environment, with respect to the development of toxic Cylindrospermopsis blooms in central Queensland. It discusses the role of an aeration system in preventing or delaying bloom development and explores the implications of intake depth with respect to population (cell density) and toxicity. Along the impounded river, the study sites featured warm, stratified conditions and an anoxic hypolimnion. By contrast, the off‐stream storage dam lacked stratification, due to the constant aeration provided by a hypolimnetic bubbler. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii blooms appeared in both environments, with peak cellular concentrations detected in the subsurface waters. The dynamics of the toxin profiles differed, however, with the riverine concentrations being mostly epilimnetic, whereas the dam featured toxin distributed throughout the water column. Concentrations of both cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and deoxy‐cylindrospermopsin (deoxy‐CYN) were lower in the dam, compared with the riverine sites. A one‐month lag period was evident before C. raciborskii cells appeared in the dam following their observation in the river samples, and a similar period elapsed before the dam populations reached their peak concentrations. These data are invaluable in considering the best management options for off‐stream sites that experience seeding from riverine populations, particularly for toxin producers such as Cylindrospermopsis.