bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indicators of technostress, their association with burnout and the moderating role of support offers among nurses in German hospitals: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wirth Tanja , Kräft Jessica , Marquardt Berit , Harth Volker , Mache Stefanie 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo examine the level of indicators of technostress among nurses with and without a leadership position, the relationship between indicators of technostress and burnout and the moderating role of support offered by employers. The availability of support offers and further needs of nurses were also explored.DesignCross-sectional online survey.SettingAcute care hospitals in Germany.Participants303 nurses (73.3% female) who have worked at the hospital for at least 1 year and a minimum of 10 hours per week.Primary and secondary outcome measuresIndicators of technostress (complexity, overload, usefulness, lack of technical support and unreliability) served as predictors in multiple linear regression analyses to examine their association with the primary outcome burnout. Support of employers was included as a moderator variable. Validated subscales from the Digital Stressors Scale and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory as well as open-ended questions were applied.ResultsThere were no differences in the level of indicators of technostress found between nurses with and without a leadership position. Techno-overload (β=0.259, p=0.004) and techno-complexity (β=0.161, p=0.043) were significantly associated with burnout. Support by the employer moderated the relationship between lack of technical support and burnout significantly (R²change=0.026, F(1,292)=7.41, p=0.007). Support offers such as training, IT service and contact persons on the ward helped nurses to be more confident in the use of information and communication technologies. However, they expressed further needs with regard to these and new offers.ConclusionsThere was an association between two indicators of technostress and burnout. Therefore, particular attention should be paid to supporting nurses in terms of techno-overload and techno-complexity. Furthermore, there is still a need for customised support and further offers from employers in the use of digital technologies.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder resources for health professionals: a scoping review
Authors: Stubbs Thomas , Cannon Lisa , Carter Emily , Naanai Habiba , Okurame Josephine Chidinma , Martiniuk Alexandra L C , Davies Jadnah , Thomas Sue , Bedford Mudge , Elliott Elizabeth J , Rice Lauren J 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to identify and critically appraise resources for health professionals to identify, diagnose, refer, and support individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)—including the extent to which the resources are appropriate for use in communities with First Nations Peoples.MethodSeven peer-reviewed databases (April 2022) and 14 grey literature websites (August 2022) were searched. The reference lists of all sources that underwent full-text review were handsearched, and FASD experts were consulted for additional sources. Resources were assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch and Evaluation II instrument and an adapted version of the National Health and Medical Research Council FORM Framework and iCAHE Guideline Quality Checklist.ResultsA total of 41 resources underwent data extraction and critical appraisal, as screening and/or diagnosis guidelines were excluded because they are covered in other reviews. Most were recently published or updated (n=24), developed in the USA (n=15, 36.6%) or Australia (n=12, 29.3%) and assisted with FASD patient referral or support (n=40). Most management guidelines scored 76%–100% on overall quality assessment (n=5/9) and were recommended for use in the Australian context with modifications (n=7/9). Most of the guides (n=15/22) and factsheets (n=7/10) received a ‘good’ overall score. Few (n=3/41) resources were explicitly designed for or with input from First Nations Australians.ConclusionHigh-quality resources are available to support health professionals providing referrals and support to individuals with FASD, including language guides. Resources should be codesigned with people living with FASD to capture and integrate their knowledge and preferences.
Severe acute pancreatitis in the era of endoscopically placed lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS): critical care outcomes from a large UK pancreatobiliary centre
Authors: Parker Alexander Johnson , Tokwabilula Greg , Venkatesh Lakshmi Narsinganallore , Bhattacharya Rana , Bannard-Smith Jonathan , Haley Daniel , Ahmed Abubaker Y M , Wilson Anthony , Geraghty Joe 
Published: July 2024

Objectives1. Describe characteristics of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) requiring admission to Critical Care, including interventional management of pancreatic fluid collections.2. Quantify whether patients requiring drainage of collections via a Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent (LAMS) have different patient experiences and demands on critical care and pancreatic services, compared with those without.3. Identify possible standards of care to help guide management and to evaluate these standards in current practice.Design/MethodRetrospective observational study of patients admitted to the adult Critical Care Unit at Manchester Royal Infirmary with SAP between 1st January 2019 and 16th June 2022 using Intensive Care National Audit &and Research Centre (ICNARC) data and electronic patient records.ResultsThere were 96 admissions during 90 hospital episodes with a median admission Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) Score of 14. LAMS insertion was undertaken in 32%. Mean time to insertion was 49 days after initial presentation. Percutaneous drainage was undertaken in 30% and surgical management in 10%.Major bleeding was observed in 6% of LAMS patients and 5% of non-LAMS patients. 90% of LAMS patients were discussed in a specialist MDT, 84% underwent CT imaging within 7 days days prior to LAMS insertion and 26% underwent deep microbiological sampling via the LAMS.Median total hospital length of stay was 68 days and mortality at ultimate hospital discharge was 23%.ConclusionCritically ill patients with SAP have a long length of stay. Mortality rates are in keeping with predicted APACHE II scores. Technological advances have created a need for new optimizedoptimised treatment pathways, auditable by adherence to validated standards of care.
Predictive factors for adnexal involvement in endometrial cancer FIGO stage IIIA
Authors: Dinoi Giorgia , Lorusso Domenica , La Fera Eleonora , Restaino Stefano , Pafundi Pia Clara , Gioè Alessandro , Naccarato Laura , Palmieri Emilia , Musacchio Lucia , Di Stefano Ettore , Tarantino Vincenzo , Scambia Giovanni , Fanfani Francesco 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveUnderstanding ovarian involvement incidence and risk factors in women with endometrial cancer may inform the decision of ovary preservation.MethodsOur retrospective study included all consecutive fully surgically staged patients with endometrial cancer who underwent primary surgery between January 2005 and November 2021, assessing the incidence of ovarian metastasis, its role as a prognostic factor for recurrence and death, and evaluated predictors of adnexal involvement.ResultsWomen with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009 IIIA endometrial cancer comprised 2.3% of the population (36 of 1535 included patients), 23 (63.9%) with endometrioid histology, and a median age of 57.0 years (range 47.7–66.7). A higher body mass index, post-menopausal status, endometrioid histotype, and β-catenin expression were associated with a lower risk of adnexal involvement. Conversely, dMMR phenotype, p53 expression, myometrial infiltration >50%, lymphovascular space invasion, and cervical stromal invasion were independent predictors of an increased risk of adnexal involvement. A total of 145 (9.5%) patients had adnexal involvement, with an incidence rate of 0.27/100 person-days. Overall survival for FIGO (2009) stage IIIA was 88.9%.ConclusionsOur study showed that ovarian preservation may be considered for younger patients with low-risk endometrial cancer (G1 and G2 tumors, absence of lymphovascular space invasion, no cervical involvement, and myometrial invasion <50%), adding a favorable predictive role to higher body mass index and high β-catenin expression.
How state firework restrictions affect the incidence of paediatric firework injuries in the USA
Authors: Tranchitella Nicholas , Wilson Emily , Geiger Thomas , Barfield William , Kane Ian , Corrigan Corrine , Murphy Robert , Van Nortwick Sara 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesState laws dictate firework access in the USA, and the association between state laws and paediatric firework injuries has not been investigated. We hypothesise that states with fewer firework restrictions will have a higher incidence of paediatric firework injuries.MethodsA retrospective review (2012–2020) of paediatric patients who sustained a fireworks-related injury was conducted using the Pediatric Health Information System. Inclusion criteria were age less than 18 years and International Classification of Diseases code for fireworks-related injury. States were classified as ‘unrestrictive’ or ‘restrictive’ based on permitted fireworks. Case number, demographics and injury severity were evaluated. A negative binomial regression was used to evaluate independent variables predictive of firework injuries, with the dependent variable being the number of injuries. Independent variables that were predictive of number of injuries were subsequently evaluated with a Mann-Whitney test to determine the significance of the differences between ‘unrestrictive’ and ‘restrictive’ states.ResultsDuring the study period, 2299 fireworks-related injuries were reported. Mean age was 9.2±4.8 years (range 0–17). Most injuries, based on raw numbers, were in ‘unrestrictive’ states (72.6%). When normalised measures were used for comparison, based on paediatric state population, there was a statistically significant difference with a higher percentage of injuries in unrestricted states (p=0.002). The mean number of cases per million pediatric-aged individuals was higher in the ‘unrestrictive’ states versus the ‘restrictive’ states (p=0.003).ConclusionsStates with fewer firework restrictions had a higher incidence of fireworks-related injuries in children. Restricting fireworks may protect children from fireworks-related injuries.
Trends of falls mortality among older adults in urban and rural China, 1987–2021
Authors: Wu Yu , Su Binbin , Gao Jiatong , Zhong Panliang , Zheng Xiaoying 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundFalls in older age pose a major public health concern, with unclear urban–rural patterns of falls mortality in China. This study examines the trends of late-life falls mortality in urban and rural China over a 35-year period.MethodsFalls mortality data were sourced from China’s National Health Commission. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to examine changes in trends and age-period-cohort modelling to estimate age, period and cohort effects on fall-related mortality from 1987 to 2021. Net drift, local drift, longitudinal age curves and period relative risks were also calculated.ResultsThe age-standardised falls mortality in older age showed a long-term trend of initial decline prior to 2003, followed by a steep increase thereafter, with notable distinctions between urban and rural patterns. The rise in rural populations, particularly among older males, was more conspicuous. In rural areas, the decline in falls mortality diminished with age, contrary to the urban trend. Falls mortality increased with age in both urban and rural older populations, peaking in the group aged 85–89. The period effect curves of falls mortality in urban and rural areas both approximated a U-shaped pattern while there were minor variations in early cohorts.ConclusionsChina has experienced a consistent rise in late-life falls mortality in recent years. Notably, there are significant urban–rural disparities in age, period and cohort effects of fall-related mortality among older adults. Rural residents, males and older age groups have potential higher fatal-falls risk. Targeted strategies should be implemented to prevent late-life falls.
Fatal and non-fatal civilian injuries sustained during law enforcement-reported encounters in California, 2016–2021
Authors: Dillon David G , McConville Shannon , Hsia Renee Y 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundIn 2015, California passed AB 71 to create a state-wide Use of Force Incident Reporting Database (URSUS) to tabulate law enforcement-reported encounters that resulted in serious bodily injury, death or discharge of a firearm. We use these data to analyse encounters that resulted in fatal and non-fatal civilian injuries in California between 2016 and 2021.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of URSUS from January 2016 to December 2021. The main outcomes were the number of law enforcement encounters that involved civilian serious bodily injury or death and encounter-level characteristics.ResultsURSUS recorded 3677 incidents between 2016 and 2021 resulting in 942 civilian fatalities and 2735 instances of serious civilian injuries. Injury rates were highest for civilians who identified as Hispanic (1.80 injuries per 100 000 population) or black (5.17 injuries per 100 000 population). Injuries involving a firearm were usually fatal (58.9% fatality rate; 1471 injuries), while non-firearm incidents were more likely to result in serious injuries (4.2% fatality rate; 2929 injuries). We did not find statistically significant trends in rates of civilian injuries per 100 000 population.ConclusionRates of law enforcement-related injuries were highest for Hispanic and black civilians in California between 2016 and 2021 and firearm-related injuries were overwhelmingly fatal. The URSUS database represents an important effort by law enforcement agencies to collect information on injuries and fatalities resulting from law enforcement encounters. Given similar databases exist in fewer than half of states, additional legislative efforts are needed to improve systematic national data collection on these encounters.
Disparities in unintentional drowning fatalities in Texas, USA, 1999–2020
Authors: Abedin Anushka , Zane David F , Lawson Karla A , Johnson Molly B 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundDrowning is the third-leading cause of unintentional injury death worldwide. Although the USA as a whole bears a heavy burden, with approximately 4000 drowning fatalities annually, Texas stands out as a high-risk state for drowning due to its large population, suitable climate for year-round aquatic activities and availability of water-related recreational opportunities.MethodsUsing mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research online database, this retrospective, cross-sectional study overviews the magnitude and patterns of fatal unintentional drownings among Texans from 1999 to 2020.ResultsOver the 22-year period, 7737 Texans died from unintentional drowning. An average of 352 drowning deaths occurred annually, with a rate of 1.4 deaths per 100 000 population. The highest proportion of unintentional drownings occurred in natural water settings (eg, lakes, ponds or rivers), accounting for 40% of fatal drownings. Children aged 1–4 years had the highest drowning death rate compared with all other age groups. Male Texans had a drowning death rate three times higher than that of female Texans. Black Texans had a higher drowning death rate than White Texans and Asian or Pacific Islander Texans.ConclusionsDrowning remains a significant public health issue in Texas. Data on high-risk groups and settings should be used to strengthen drowning prevention efforts and policy initiatives and encourage more research to address the multifaceted factors contributing to drowning.
UK doctors’ strikes 2023–2024: still justified in the interests of public health, even in time-critical outpatient contexts
Authors: McConnell Doug , Mann Darren 
Published: July 2024

We respond to David Wilkinson’s arguments against our view of the ethicality of doctors’ strikes and our claim that the 2023–2024 UK doctors’ strikes are morally permissible and arguably supererogatory.Wilkinson proposes that in specialist outpatient settings, striking doctors should help arrange their own cover to prevent disproportionate harm to patients and to abide by the principles of non-maleficence and fiduciary duty. This hasn’t happened during the 2023–2024 UK doctors’ strikes; therefore, in his view, these strikes are morally impermissible. We reject Wilkinson’s proposal on the grounds that the risk of disproportionate harm is adequately mitigated by existing arrangements and his interpretations of non-maleficence and fiduciary duty are overly demanding.We agree with Wilkinson that strikes put particularly high pressure on covering doctors in chronically under resourced specialisms. But this doesn’t justify calling off or depowering doctors’ strikes because, without effective strikes, under-resourcing is likely to continue and, ultimately, cause even more harm.Wilkinson argues that doctors cannot justifiably strike in the interests of public health because they don’t have a broad duty to public health. We think they do have such a duty; however, we argue that doctors can justifiably strike in the interest of public health whether they have such a duty or not.Finally, we defend our claim that doctors’ strikes can be supererogatory from Wilkinson’s objections that there may be no such thing as supererogatory action and that our view absurdly entails that strikes can be supererogatory despite placing unfair demands on others.
The volcanic architecture and tectono-magmatic framework of the Mount Grace carbonatites, southeastern Canadian Cordillera
Authors: Abdale Lindsey , Russell James K. , Groat Lee A. 
Published: July 2024

The Mount Grace metamorphosed carbonatites (Late Devonian) outcrop as thin (0.5–4 m), laterally discontinuous, strata-bound mappable lenses within the Monashee complex of the southeastern Canadian Cordillera. The host stratigraphic sequence (Monashee cover gneiss) was metamorphosed and deformed in the Late Cretaceous to early Eocene followed immediately by exhumation of the Frenchman Cap and Thor Odin domes. We present seven stratigraphic logs for Mount Grace carbonatites including new and previously described outcroppings spanning ∼30 km. The Mount Grace carbonatite units were deposited regionally within or near the top of a shallow marine sedimentary sequence within miogeoclinal strata of the western margin of paleo-North America (Laurentia). The distribution of the Mount Grace carbonatite lithofacies and the preserved depositional structures and textures suggest that these are pyroclastic deposits resulting from phreatomagmatic eruptions. Our new data enhance the volcanological story with an eruption scenario involving phreatomagmatic reactions and deposition from pyroclastic density currents, sourced from multiple centers within a field of monogenetic maar volcanoes. The distribution of the Mount Grace carbonatites parallel to the western margin of the paleo-North American continent correlates well with regional Late Devonian alkaline magmatism associated with development of an extensional back-arc basin.
Machine-learning-based particle identification with missing data
Authors: Kasak Miłosz , Deja Kamil , Karwowska Maja , Jakubowska Monika , Graczykowski Łukasz , Janik Małgorzata 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, we introduce a novel method for Particle Identification (PID) within the scope of the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Identifying products of ultrarelativisitc collisions delivered by the LHC is one of the crucial objectives of ALICE. Typically employed PID methods rely on hand-crafted selections, which compare experimental data to theoretical simulations. To improve the performance of the baseline methods, novel approaches use machine learning models that learn the proper assignment in a classification task. However, because of the various detection techniques used by different subdetectors, as well as the limited detector efficiency and acceptance, produced particles do not always yield signals in all of the ALICE components. This results in data with missing values. Out of the box machine learning solutions cannot be trained with such examples without either modifying the training dataset or re-designing the model architecture. In this work, we propose the new method for PID that addresses these issues and can be trained with all of the available data examples, including incomplete ones. Our approach improves the PID purity and efficiency of the selected sample for all investigated particle species.
Universal relations for compact stars with exotic degrees of freedom
Authors: Kumar Anil , Ghosh Manoj Kumar , Thakur Pratik , Thapa Vivek Baruah , Nath Kamal Krishna , Sinha Monika 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe nature of the highly dense matter inside the supernova remnant compact star is not constrained by terrestrial experiments and hence modeled phenomenologically to accommodate the astrophysical observations from compact stars. The observable properties of the compact stars are highly sensitive to the microscopic model of highly dense matter. However, some universal relations exist between some macroscopic properties of compact stars independent of the matter model. We study the universal relation including the stars containing exotic degrees of freedom such as heavier strange and non-strange baryons, strange quark matter in normal and superconducting phases, etc. We examine the universal relations for quantities moment of inertia - tidal love number - quadrupole moment. We also study the correlation of non-radial f-mode and p-mode frequencies with stellar properties. We find the f-mode frequency observes the universal relation with dimensionless tidal deformability but the p-mode frequency does not show a good correlation with stellar properties. The p-mode frequency is sensitive to the composition of the matter. We find that universal relation is also applicable for stars with exotic matter in the core of the star with several models of exotic matter.
The effect of culture-based mathematics learning instruction on mathematical skills: a meta-analytic study
Authors: Zuliana Eka , Dwiningrum Siti Irene Astuti , Wijaya Ariyadi , Hukom Julham 
Published: July 2024

Culture-based mathematics learning (C-bMLI) has emerged as a promising approach to improving students' mathematical skills, yet previous research presents inconsistent findings regarding its efficacy compared to conventional methods. To address this gap, a meta-analytic study is needed to consolidate and present the latest insights regarding the impact of C-bMLI on students' mathematical skills. It also aimed to discern the factors influencing the effectiveness of C-bMLI implementation. Datasets were collected from primary studies published in internationally recognized journals or proceedings. By rigorously adhering to inclusion criteria, a collection of 45 effect sizes from 25 primary studies was identified. The results of this analysis, conducted using the random-effects approach, produced a substantial combined effect size of and . The evidence unequivocally substantiated that the employment of C-bMLI significantly contributed to the mathematical process, standing as a superior alternative to conventional learning methodologies. The results of the heterogeneity analysis of the moderator variables showed that factors such as the type of skills, educational tiers, country, publication year, and the variant of C-bMLI contributed to the observed variance, The variable of sample size did not exert a discernible impact on the effectiveness of the learning model.