bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beitrag zur Kenntnis der fossilen und rezenten europäischen Buchen
Authors: Svoboda A. M. , Pacltová B. 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungBei der Betrachtung fossiler und rezenter europäischer Buchen ergeben sich komplizierte Probleme. Bis heute wurden sie meistens unabhängig von einander behandelt. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick zur diesbezüglichen Literatur, geordnet nach den einzelnen Arten und den morphologischen Merkmalen, nach denen die Taxa unterschieden werden. Im Mittelpunkt stchen Fagus sylvatica L. und F. orientalis Lipsky. Nur die wichtigsten Veröffentlichungen werden aufgezählt, die Zahl aller Publikationen ist sehr hoch.Es wird die bekannte und zugängliche Literatur herangezogen, die sich auf Merkmale z. B. der Blüten, des Pollens, der Cupulae bezieht. Kritische oder zusammenfassende Arbeiten sind sehr selten. Auf der anderen Seite findet man recht häufig biometrische Arbeiten über Blattuntersuchungen an rezenten Buchen, deren Ergebnisse zur Auswertung fossiler Buchenabdrucke angewendet werden können. Die Vergleichseinheit — gewonnen auf Grund der Methode von Jentys‐Szaferowa — stellt das Beispiel der Blätter von Fagus sylvatica dar. Die Werte allgemeiner Merkmale crmöglichen die Konstruktion eines Diagramms von der Größe und Gestalt, der Blätter. Für den Vergleich mit fossilen Blättern zog Němejc (1930–31) 19 Proben aus Nižný Skalník nahe Rimavská Sobota (sarmatische Tuffs aus dem oberen Miozän) und 23 Proben von Drevenik nahe Spišské Podhradie (pliozäne Travertine) heran. In dem Diagramm wird die Ähnlichkeit der Blätter der rezenten F. orientalis mit fossilen Blättern deutlich. Die anderen Blätter zeigen entweder Übergangsformen oder nähern sich der F. sylvatica. Heutzutage werden folgende Merkmale als Kriterien zur Unterscheidung beider Taxa verwendet; Zahl der lateralen Nerven, Blatt‐Form (Lage der breitesten Stelle der Blattspreite) und Vorhandensein ancestraler Blättchen an den Cupulae. Die Messung der gesamten Struktur der Blattspreite ermöglicht die Konstruktion eines idealen Durchsehnittsblattes und die detaillierte Untersuchung der Variabilität der Blatt‐Form. Die Unterschiede zwischen den Werten der Länge und der Winkel der lateralen Nerven sind signifikant.Dieser Beitrag ist ein erster Versuch, eine allgemeine Methode zu erarbeiten, die den Vergleich von Ergebnissen zuläßt, die unabhängig von Bearbeitern in verschiedenen Ländern erzielt werden.
Unusual stomatal feature in Leucomphalos capparideus Benth. ex Planch. (Papilionoideae)
Authors: Karatela V. Y. , Gill L. S. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe dominant anomocytic (99.5%) type of stomata with agenous ontogeny and the frequent occurrence of contiguous stomata in Leucomphalos cappurideus (Papilionoideae) have been reported for the first.
Multifunctional hydrogels for the healing of oral ulcers
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Zhao Jie , Zou Xinxin , Yu Jingrong , Liao Jinlong , Huang Fengjie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOral ulcers are one of the most common oral diseases in clinical practice. Its etiology is complex and varied. Due to the dynamic nature of the oral environment, the wound surface is painful due to contact and wear, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Oral ulcers are often treated with topical drug therapy. Studies have shown that functional hydrogels play a positive role in promoting wound healing, showing unique advantages in wound dressings. In this paper, the causes and healing characteristics of oral ulcers are discussed in depth, and then the common treatment methods for oral ulcers are summarized and compared. Finally, the potential of functional hydrogels in the treatment of oral ulcers is discussed and projected through a review of the literature in recent years.
Zein: Potential biopolymer in inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Desai Nimeet , Nayi Smit , Khunt Dignesh , Kapoor Devesh U. , Salave Sagar , Prajapati Bhupendra , Vora Chintan , Malviya Rishabha , Maheshwari Rahul , Patel Ravi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEffectively managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses difficulties due to its persistent nature and unpredictable episodes of exacerbation. There is encouraging evidence that personalized medication delivery systems can improve therapy efficacy while reducing the negative effects of standard medicines. Zein, a protein produced from corn, has garnered interest as a possible means of delivering drugs for the treatment of IBD. This review delves into Zein‐based drug delivery systems, showcasing its biodegradability, controlled release capabilities, and biocompatibility. Studies have shown that Zein‐based nanoparticles, microcarriers, and core‐shell microparticles have the capacity to increase medication stability, enhance targeting in the intestines, and decrease toxicity in animal models of IBD. The review highlights the promise of Zein in personalized therapy for IBD and urges more study to enhance its clinical use.
Delocalization‐ratio analysis of 3‐center bonding in position‐space for closo‐boranes and related systems: Approaching the styx picture and beyond
Authors: Wagner Frank R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCloso‐boron hydrides BnHn2− (n = 5–12) are a conceptually well understood class of compounds. For these and a few related prototype compounds, both the local and the global picture of 3‐center bonding are extracted from position‐space quantities based on the electron density and the pair density. For this purpose, three‐center delocalization indices between quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) atoms in position space are used to develop a consistent set of local bond and triangle, and global cluster delocalization ratios (DRs), which are quantitatively compared with conceptual Γ values derived from the styx code for each cluster. Combination of the cluster DRs with associated effective numbers of skeletal electron sharing (SES) for selected cluster surface edges, triangles, or the whole cluster yields effective styx type values describing the trend and even the size of the conceptual styx codes for closo‐boranes BnHn2− and related systems with increasing cluster size n reasonably well. For nonuniform cluster topologies, the different vertex degrees are shown to cause systematic 3‐center wise bond delocalization effects for the associated edges and triangles of different average vertex degrees. Extension of DR analysis beyond the styx type triangular cluster‐surface bonding corresponds to a triangulation of multicentric bonding. The cluster‐wise results keep indicating consistency with the mixed 2‐ and 3‐center bonding approach. The successfully established chemical meaning of the local edge, triangle, and global cluster DRs and their associated SES values constitutes the basis for systematic investigations of mixed 2‐ and 3‐center bonding scenarios in particular in intermetallic and related (endohedral) cluster compounds in the future.
How accurate can Kohn‐Sham density functional be for both main‐group and transition metal reactions
Authors: Wang Yizhen , Zhang Igor Ying , Xu Xin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAchieving chemical accuracy in describing reactions involving both main‐group elements and transition metals poses a substantial challenge for density functional approximations (DFAs), primarily due to the significantly different behaviors for electrons moving in the s,p‐orbitals or in the d,f‐orbitals. MOR41, a representative dataset of transition metal chemistry, has highlighted the PWPB95‐D3(BJ) functional, a B2PLYP‐type doubly hybrid (bDH) approximation equipped with an empirical dispersion correction, as the leading functional thus far (Dohm et al., J Chem Theory Comput 2018;14: 2596–2608). However, this functional is not among the top bDH methods for main‐group chemistry (Goerigk et al., Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2017;19: 32184). Conversely, bDH methods such as DSD‐BLYP‐D3, proficient in main‐group chemistry, often falter for transition metal chemistry. Herein, taking advantage of the home‐made Rust‐based Electronic‐Structure Toolkits, we examine a suite of XYG3‐type doubly hybrid (xDH) methods. We confirm that the trade‐off in descriptive accuracy between main‐group and transition metal systems persists within the realm of perturbation theory (PT2)‐based xDH methods. Notably, however, our study ushers in a pivotal advance with the recently proposed renormalized xDH method, R‐xDH7‐SCC15. This method not only distinguishes itself among the elite methods for main‐group chemistry, but also achieves an unprecedented accuracy for the MOR41 dataset, outperforming all other reported DFAs. The efficacy of R‐xDH7‐SCC15 stems from the successful integration of a renormalized PT2 correlation model (rPT2) and a machine‐learning strong‐correlation correction (SCC15), marking a significant step forward in the realm of computational chemistry.
Fetal echogenic bowel may be related to intestinal microbiota: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Yanping , Lyu Guorong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the current study was to determine the difference in intestinal microbiota after delivery between healthy fetuses and fetuses with hyperechogenic bowel during the second trimester and the relationship between fetal echogenic bowel and microbiota.MethodsFourteen healthy fetuses (control group), 13 fetuses with echogenic bowel (EB group), and seven fetuses with echogenic bowel and other abnormalities (C‐EB group) were selected. The first meconium after delivery was collected for 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsA total of 1 222 131 high‐quality sequences were generated after sequencing optimization of all samples. Each sample contained an average of 35 945 high‐quality sequences and 2036 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). There was no significant difference in the Shannon, Simpson index among the three groups. At the genus level, the abundance of Escherichia coli/Shigella in the EB and C‐EB groups was significantly lower than the control group, while the abundance of Staphylococcus, Methylobactrium, and Curvibacter in the EB group was significantly higher than the other groups. There was a difference in abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and E. coli in the EB and C‐EB groups.ConclusionsThe formation of echogenic bowel may be related to the microbiota.
Chondral regeneration in femoroacetabular lesions is favoured using peripheral blood stem cells with hyaluronan‐based scaffold and micro‐drilling: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Monckeberg Juan Eduardo , Rafols Claudio , Gerhard Philipp , Del Canto Leticia , Rosales Julio , Verdugo Marco Antonio , Saez Cristobal , De la Fuente Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether intra‐articular injections of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) with hyaluronan (HA)‐based scaffold improve articular cartilage regeneration in chondral injuries caused by mixed‐femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) over a period longer than 24 months post‐hip arthroscopy.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, patients with mixed‐FAIS and chondral injury ≥ IIIB according to the International Cartilage Regeneration and Joint Preservation Society grade or III/IV of Konan/Haddad classification underwent intra‐articular injection of PBSC with an HA‐based scaffold and micro‐drillings during hip arthroscopy. The degree of chondral repair was measured at baseline and 5 years using the International Cartilage Repair Society morphologic score system (MSS) as the primary outcome. Pain was measured at baseline and 5 years using the Visual Analogue Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), and hip functionality was measured at baseline (presurgery), 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years using the Hip Outcome Score (HOS). The largest diameter of injury, median follow‐up, side effects, complications, and improvements were described. T‐test, ANOVA with multiple comparisons, and statistical power were estimated.ResultsFrom initially 34 cases, 25 patients were enrolled. The median follow‐up was 5.1 ± 0.3 years. One patient (4%) reported a few side effects with filgrastim administration. No infection, tumours, or synovitis was reported. The largest diameters in zones two, three, and four were 12.4 ± 3.1 mm (n = 8), 13.5 ± 2.8 mm (n = 14), and 11.4 ± 1.9 mm (n = 3), respectively. Ninety‐two percent (23/25) of patients improved their outcomes. The MSS and HOS increased from 3.8 ± 1.1 to 9.6 ± 1.5 pts (p < 0.001) and from 65.5 ± 13.0 to 93.9 ± 2.4 pts (p < 0.001), respectively. The VAS‐Pain decreased from 5.3 ± 0.7 to 1.3 ± 0.6 mm (p < 0.001). The obtained a posteriori power‐size was 0.99.ConclusionThe intervention suggests a favourable impact on articular cartilage regeneration and clinical outcomes for hip chondral lesions in mixed‐FAIS injuries after a median follow‐up of 5.1 ± 0.3 years.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
“A weight to carry”: Experiences of masters‐level counseling faculty teaching a multicultural counseling course
Authors: Gonzalez Ileana A. , Newhart Sean , Arcot Rohan R. , Hudlin McKalah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite the need for culturally competent counselors, there is sparse literature on ways counselor educators navigate the processes associated with multicultural training. Using post‐intentional phenomenology, researchers interviewed nine counselor educators about their experience teaching multicultural courses and the challenges they faced in preparing future counselors. Themes related to burden, navigating limited support, the dynamic nature of the course, and achieving multicultural training aims emerged. Implications for counseling programs, academic institutions, and the profession are discussed.
A conceptual learning analysis of paired after action and intra action reviews for health emergencies
Authors: Brennan Elliot , Abimbola Seye 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundProcesses of self‐reflection and the learning they allow are crucial before, during, and after acute emergencies, including infectious disease outbreaks. Tools—such as Action Reviews—offer World Health Organization (WHO) member states a platform to enhance learning. We sought to better understand the value of these tools and how they may be further refined and better used.MethodsWe searched the publicly available WHO Strategic Partnership for Health Security website for paired reports of Action Reviews, that is, reports with a comparable follow‐up report. We complemented the paired action reviews, with a literature search, including the gray literature. The paired action reviews were analyzed using the “Learning Health Systems” framework.ResultsWe identified three paired action reviews: Lassa Fever After Action Reviews (AARs) in Nigeria (2017 and 2018), COVID‐19 Intra‐Action Reviews (IARs) in Botswana (2020 and 2021), and COVID‐19 IARs in South Sudan (2020 and 2021). Action Reviews allowed for surfacing relevant knowledge and, by engaging the right (in different contexts) actors, asking “are we doing things right?” (single loop learning) was evident in all the reports. Single loop learning is often embedded within examples of double loop learning (“are we doing the right things?”), providing a more transformative basis for policy change. Triple loop learning (“are we learning right”?) was evident in AARs, and less in IARs. The range of participants involved, the level of concentrated focus on specific issues, the duration available for follow through, and the pressures on the health system to respond influenced the type (i.e., loop) and the effectiveness of learning.ConclusionAction Reviews, by design, surface knowledge. With favorable contextual conditions, this knowledge can then be applied and lead to corrective and innovative actions to improve health system performance, and in exceptional cases, continuous learning.
Functional Semi‐Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
Authors: Wang Minghao , Jiang Jiawei , Liang Shuofeng , Sui Cong , Wu Si 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSemi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPNs) have garnered significant interest due to their potential applications in self‐healing materials, drug delivery systems, electrolytes, functional membranes, smart gels and, toughing. SIPNs combine the characteristics of physical cross‐linking with advantageous chemical properties, offering broad application prospects in materials science and engineering. This perspective introduces the history of semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks and their diverse applications. Additionally, the ongoing challenges associated with traditional semi‐interpenetrating polymer materials are discussed and provide an outlook on future advancements in novel functional SIPNs.
Does a super league tournament harm domestic leagues? Evidence from basketball's Euroleague
Authors: Buraimo Babatunde , Guan Jing , Tena J. D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSports leagues are traditionally considered natural monopolies. Understanding how they interact with one another is important. It is unclear how participation in a closed supra league affects competition in domestic leagues. This paper studies the effect of participating in basketball's Euroleague on team performance in national leagues. We find that Euroleague participation reduces the probability of victory by around 9% in ‘big’ leagues (i.e. those with the strongest teams). However, no significant effect was found in other leagues. A possible transmission channel is the reduction in the number of days between matches. We discuss the policy implications of this result.
Effect of GBA1 Mutations and APOE Polymorphisms on Survival and Progression Among Ashkenazi Jews with Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Shiner Tamara , Kavé Gitit , Mirelman Anat , Regev Keren , Piura Yoav , Goldstein Orly , Gana Weisz Mali , Bar‐Shira Anat , Gurevich Tanya , Orr‐Urtreger Avi , Alcalay Roy N. , Giladi Nir , Bregman Noa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundGlucocerebrosidase 1 (GBA1) mutations are associated with reduced survival in Parkinson's disease but their effect on survival in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is unclear.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of GBA1 mutations on survival among Ashkenazi Jews with DLB, while controlling for APOE status.MethodsOne hundred and forty participants from Tel Aviv Medical Center, Israel were genotyped for GBA1 mutations and APOE polymorphisms. Survival rates and follow‐up cognitive screening scores were analyzed.Results
GBA1 mutation carriers had a two‐fold increased risk of death (HR = 1.999), while APOE status did not independently affect survival. In a subset of patients with available clinical data (N = 63), carriers of the APOE ε4 allele showed faster cognitive deterioration, while GBA1 mutation carriers also declined more rapidly albeit not significantly.ConclusionUnderstanding the genetic effects on survival and progression is crucial for patient counseling and inclusion in clinical trials.
Fleischalternativen: Pflanzliche Protein prüfen
Authors: Ehrensberger Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWeil sich immer mehr Menschen rein pflanzlich oder mit weniger Fleisch gesund ernähren möchten, entwickeln Unternehmen Produkte mit Proteinen etwa aus Hülsenfrüchten, Sojabohnen oder Mais. Ein Fraunhofer‐Datenbankprojekt soll dabei die richtige Kombination finden helfen.
Milch oder nicht?
Authors: Lüddeke Laura , Habelitz‐Tkotz Waltraud 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOb es sich um Milch oder eine pflanzenbasierte Alternative handelt, zeigt die Nährwerttabelle der Verpackung: Eiweiß‐, Fett‐ und Kohlenhydratgehalt unterscheiden sich meist deutlich. Das lässt sich auch mit Nachweisreaktionen erfassen. Kombiniert mit Blindverkostung und Diskussion zu den Umweltauswirkungen der Herstellprozesse liefern sie Stoff für eine Doppelstunde.
Desinfektion: Lichtpulse killen Keime
Authors: Reiff Ellen‐Christine , Schullerer Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGepulstes UV‐Licht liefert praxisgerecht saubere Verpackungen für Molkereiprodukte. In Bechern und Tüten deaktiviert es Mikroorganismen und Sporen ohne Rückstände, wie sie etwa beim chemischen Reinigen auftreten.
Weight management medications for chronic use in 37 veterans affairs medical centers—A medication use evaluation
Authors: Walczuk Samantha , Burk Muriel , Furmaga Elaine , Ghassemi Samaneh , McCarren Madeline , Bukowski Kenneth , Glassman Peter , Cunningham Fran 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRationaleControlled trials have demonstrated successful weight loss associated with certain weight management medications (WMMs). However, there are limited real‐world data on prescribing patterns and efficacy and safety profiles of WMMs in Veterans Affairs (VA) patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate: utilization patterns of WMMs liraglutide, naltrexone/bupropion, orlistat, phentermine, phentermine/topiramate, and semaglutide; weight loss at three, six, twelve, and more than 12 months; safety; and treatment barriers.MethodsA retrospective, cross‐sectional medication use evaluation (MUE) was conducted using electronic health records of outpatient Veterans newly initiated on WMMs at 37 VA Medical Centers between 1 March 2020 and 31 March 2022. Chart review was used to identify WMM utilization and capture rates of clinical response, defined as 5% and 10% or greater weight loss at the final weight, adverse drug events (ADEs), non‐adherence, and discontinuations. Site‐specific surveys evaluated local practices and barriers.ResultsAmong 1959 eligible Veterans, semaglutide, phentermine/topiramate, and orlistat were most frequently prescribed. The clinical response was highest among phentermine/topiramate, liraglutide, and semaglutide. Naltrexone/bupropion and phentermine demonstrated the highest and lowest ADE rates, respectively. Potential barriers to WMM utilization and successful treatment by site reports were drug shortages, patient perceptions of therapeutic course, personal preferences, and VA WMM use criteria.ConclusionsSmaller weight loss and higher discontinuation rates were observed relative to clinical trials. The MUE data allow for better assessment of benefits and risks for Veterans prescribed WMMs.
Examine the mechanical properties of woven glass fiber fabric reinforced composite plate manufactured with vat‐photopolymerization
Authors: Çava Kutay , İpek Hüseyin , Uşun Altuğ , Aslan Mustafa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing has enhanced the production of complex parts with greater efficiency. However, inherent drawbacks such as reduced mechanical properties still pose challenges, necessitating further improvements to bridge the gap and meet industry demands. Therefore, this study investigated the use of glass fiber woven fabric with vat‐photopolymerization printing to achieve composite parts with superior mechanical properties. This approach offered an advantage in reducing the production time required for fiber‐reinforced composites by eliminating the need for curing processes or vacuum infusion. The mechanical properties of the composite panels manufactured with this method were investigated using flexural, interlaminar shear (ILSS), impact tests with different fiber orientations, and fiber volume fractions. The results of the mechanical tests showed maximum flexural strength of 295 MPa, impact strength of 174 kJ/m2, and ILSS of 20.58 MPa. In addition, optical images were taken to examine the cross‐section of the printed parts, which revealed a uniform and good wetting of the fibers. The findings suggest that glass fiber woven fabric in vat printing is a promising approach for producing composite parts with enhanced mechanical properties and reduced production rate.Highlights
Additive manufacturing of glass fiber woven fabric reinforced with VPP printing.
Reduced production time and microstructure by using layer‐by‐layer manufacturing.
Maximum flexural strength: 295 MPa, impact strength: 174 kJ/m2, ILSS: 20.58 MPa.
Consistent porosity values with the increasing number of layers.
Promising for producing standard and thick composites with improved properties.