bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation in Reuse of Decommissioned Wastewater Facility and Reclaimed Water for Culturing Paddlefish Fingerlings
Authors: Cuevas‐Uribe Rafael , Mims Steven D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReclaimed water is treated wastewater that has received at least secondary treatment and basic disinfection and is reused for beneficial purposes. The goal of this study was to develop a safe and reliable sustainable aquaculture system for producing stocker fish using reclaimed water in decommissioned wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in Kentucky. The specific objectives were (1) to monitor paddlefish, Polyodon spathula, growth and survival and water quality in experimental tanks with static or flow‐through reclaimed water, (2) to evaluate the use of decommissioned tanks for large‐scale production of phase II paddlefish, and (3) to biomonitor paddlefish grown in reclaimed water for contaminants. Phase I paddlefish (11 ± 2.6 g) were produced by feeding live Daphnia collected daily from the clarifier tanks with hand‐pulled nets for 27 d. Phase II paddlefish were produced in four replicated 5600‐L experimental tanks with static and flow‐through reclaimed water. Paddlefish from the flow‐through system were significantly larger (199.2 ± 61 g) and had better feed conversion ratios (2.8 ± 2.1) than those from the static system (135.5 ± 51 g; 4.1 ± 1.6). For the large‐scale trial, two 1125 m3 decommissioned digester tanks were stocked with 50,000 paddlefish larvae per tank. One tank was treated as a flow‐through system with reclaimed water flowing at a rate of 280 L/min, while the other tank was treated as a static system where water was just added to replace that lost by evaporation. Survival rate (40%) and weight (194.1 ± 25.4 g) from the flow‐through system were significantly different from those of the static system (31%; 147.1 ± 6.5 g). This difference could be linked to better water quality in the flow‐through systems. Analyses for 38 contaminants were conducted on Daphnia, prepared diets, and paddlefish. All the concentration levels detected were at levels well below the FDA action limits and their permissible limits in edible food. The result from this project showed that paddlefish can be successfully produced in large-scale as stocker fish using reclaimed water in decommissioned tanks at WWTP.
Tetracycline Immersion Tagging of Cuttlefish, Sepiella japonica, Larvae
Authors: Jiang Lihua , Zhu Aiyi , Wu Changwen , Su Yongquan , Zhang Jiangse , Dong Zhiyong 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper describes the results of tetracycline immersion as a means to tag Sepiella japonica larvae, as well as the toxicity of this approach. The purpose of this study was to differentiate wild and artificially bred cuttlefish using tetracycline marking. We studied the effects of tetracycline immersion and marking on cuttlefish larvae with mantle length of 0.45–0.8 cm. To use the optimum concentration of tetracycline for tagging, the toxicity of tetracycline immersion was determined prior to the tagging experiments. All the cuttlebones were successfully marked in yellow and the tag was clearly visible without any assistive tools after the beginning of the experiment. A positive correlation was found between immersion time and depth of tag color. We conclude that tetracycline immersion marking is an effective mass‐tagging method for S. japonica.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Barodon on Growth Performance, Innate Immunity and Disease Resistance of Juvenile Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, Against Streptococcus iniae
Authors: Shin Chang‐Hoon , Bui Hien Thi Dieu , Rahimnejad Samad , Cha Ji‐Hoon , Yoo Byung‐Woo , Lee Bo‐Kyeun , Ahn Hyung‐Jin , Choi Soo‐Il , Choi Yun‐Jeong , Park Yong‐Ho , Kim Jeong‐Dae , Lee Kyeong‐Jun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Barodon, an anionic alkali mineral complex, on growth, feed utilization, humoral innate immunity and disease resistance of olive flounder. A basal experimental diet was used as a control and supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5% Barodon. Triplicate groups of fish (26.4 ± 0.2 g) were fed one of the diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 10 wk. The growth performance was enhanced (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically in fish fed diets containing Barodon compared with that in fish fed the control. Feed utilization was significantly improved by Barodon supplementation. Serum lysozyme and antiprotease activities were increased quadratically in Barodon fed groups. Also, significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity was found in Barodon‐fed fish. Dietary supplementation of 0.1–0.3% Barodon resulted in significant enhancement of fish disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. The findings in this study indicate that dietary supplementation of Barodon can enhance growth, feed utilization, innate immunity, and disease resistance of olive flounder and that the optimum level seems to be 0.1% in diets.
A Technical Efficiency Analysis of Hawaii's Aquaculture Industry
Authors: Arita Shawn , Leung PingSun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study examines the technical efficiency (TE) of aquaculture farms in Hawaii. Policy makers and industry participants interested in assessing the economic outlook of aquaculture production not only have to assess measures of profitability and financial health, but also measures of production efficiency. We estimate the TE of the state's aquafarms with a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. Using data from the US Census of Agriculture, we examine TE measures of the population of Hawaii's aquafarms across different types of farms and over time. The results show that only 12% of the farms in 2007 may be classified as efficient, with a steady decline in efficiency over time. We find TE was related to the size of farm, full‐time farms were significantly more efficient than part‐time farms and that the average excess real inputs for land and labor have slightly fallen over time. The sub‐sector analysis revealed a strong variation of TE across different type of farms. With few farms operating on the frontier, the findings of this study suggest that the majority of the farms could improve their TE.
Short‐Term Flavoxate Treatment Alters Detrusor Contractility Characteristics: Renewed Interest in Clinical Use?
Authors: TANG Hong C. , LAM Wai P. , ZHANG Xin , LEUNG Ping C. , YEW David T. , LIANG Willmann 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesFlavoxate has had a long history of use in the treatment of overactive bladder, despite the lack of documentation on its clinical efficacy and mechanism(s) of action. This study was conducted to understand how contractility characteristics of the detrusor are affected after a short period of flavoxate treatment.MethodsEight‐week‐old mice were treated with flavoxate for 5 days and detrusor contractile responses were examined ex vivo under different pharmacological and electrical stimuli.ResultsK+‐Krebs'‐induced contraction developed more slowly while 64 Hz electrical field stimulation‐induced contraction developed faster in flavoxate‐treated strips when compared to control. Amplitudes of maximal and steady‐state contraction induced by 3 µmol/L carbachol were also larger after flavoxate treatment. Control strips showed an overall greater dependence on stimulus strength in eliciting the responses.ConclusionsThese findings provided new information of how short‐term flavoxate treatment altered contractility characteristics at the bladder level, which may instill new interest in investigating the use of this drug in bladder disorders not responding well to conventional treatments.
Exposure history of the Sutter's Mill carbonaceous chondrite
Authors: Nishiizumi K. , Caffee M. W. , Hamajima Y. , Reedy R. C. , Welten K. C. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe Sutter's Mill (SM) carbonaceous chondrite fell in California on April 22, 2012. The cosmogenic radionuclide data indicate that Sutter's Mill was exposed to cosmic rays for 0.082 ± 0.008 Myr, which is one of the shortest ages for C chondrites, but overlaps with a small cluster at approximately 0.1 Myr. The age is significantly longer than proposed ages that were obtained from cosmogenic noble gas concentrations, which have large uncertainties due to trapped noble gas corrections. The presence of neutron‐capture 60Co and 36Cl in SM indicates a minimum preatmospheric radius of approximately 50 cm, and is consistent with a radius of 1–2 m, as derived from the fireball observations. Although a large preatmospheric size was proposed, one fragment (SM18) contains solar cosmic ray–produced short‐lived radionuclides, such as 56Co and 51Cr. This implies that this specimen was less than 2 cm from the preatmospheric surface of Sutter's Mill. Although this conclusion seems surprising, it is consistent with the observation that the meteoroid fragmented high in the atmosphere. The presence of SCR‐produced nuclides is consistent with the high SCR fluxes observed during the last few months before the meteorite's fall, when its orbit was less than 1 AU from the Sun.
Progressive deformation of feldspar recording low‐barometry impact processes, Tenoumer impact structure, Mauritania
Authors: Jaret Steven J. , Kah Linda C. , Harris R. Scott 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe Tenoumer impact structure is a small, well‐preserved crater within Archean to Paleoproterozoic amphibolite, gneiss, and granite of the Reguibat Shield, north‐central Mauritania. The structure is surrounded by a thin ejecta blanket of crystalline blocks (granitic gneiss, granite, and amphibolite) and impact‐melt rocks. Evidence of shock metamorphism of quartz, most notably planar deformation features (PDFs), occurs exclusively in granitic clasts entrained within small bodies of polymict, glass‐rich breccia. Impact‐related deformation features in oligoclase and microcline grains, on the other hand, occur both within clasts in melt‐breccia deposits, where they co‐occur with quartz PDFs, and also within melt‐free crystalline ejecta, in the absence of co‐occurring quartz PDFs. Feldspar deformation features include multiple orientations of PDFs, enhanced optical relief of grain components, selective disordering of alternate twins, inclined lamellae within alternate twins, and combinations of these individual textures. The distribution of shock features in quartz and feldspar suggests that deformation textures within feldspar can record a wide range of average pressures, starting below that required for shock deformation of quartz. We suggest that experimental analysis of feldspar behavior, combined with detailed mapping of shock metamorphism of feldspar in natural systems, may provide critical data to constrain energy dissipation within impact regimes that experienced low average shock pressures.
Papillon–Lefèvre Syndrome with Homozygous Nonsense Mutation of Cathepsin C Gene Presenting with Late‐Onset Periodontitis
Authors: Ragunatha Shivanna , Ramesh Mudalagirigowda , Anupama Panagar , Kapoor Meenakshi , Bhat Meenakshi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPapillon–Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of keratinization caused by homozygous mutations in the gene encoding lysosomal protease cathepsin C (CTSC). It is clinically characterized by transgredient palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) and periodontitis. A 15‐year‐old boy presenting with PPK from the age of 6 months and late‐onset periodontitis that began at the age of 12 years is described. Mutation analysis revealed a homozygous nonsense mutation (p.Y304X) in exon 7 of the CTSC gene. Late‐onset periodontitis in a patient with Papillon‐Lefèvre syndrome is a rare phenotypic variation.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Shin Sung Hyun , Kim Young Mi , Kim Hye Young , Lee Yoon Jin , Nam Sang Ook 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIdiopathic intracranial hypertension is defined as increased intracranial pressure of unknown origin. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a rare condition in adolescence. We report the case of a 14‐year‐old girl with sudden onset of decreased visual acuity, headache and menstrual irregularity. Clinical neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbit were normal. Lumbar puncture demonstrated an increased opening pressure of 31 cmH2O. Gynecologic investigation indicated PCOS. Her symptoms improved with medical and surgical treatment for the underlying PCOS.
Extraordinary cause of complete colonic obstruction in children: Urinary retention
Authors: Kilincaslan Huseyin , Silay Mesrur Selcuk , Erdem Mehmet Remzi , Donmez Tugrul , Bilici Mustafa , Erenberk Ufuk 
Published: June 2014

AbstractComplete colonic obstruction in children may occur secondary to congenital, and acquired factors related to the gastrointestinal system. Herein, we report an extraordinary presentation of complete colonic obstruction due to extensive urinary retention in a 3‐year‐old boy. The possible underlying mechanism was detected as urinary infection in a child with horseshoe kidney. The treatment of the bladder symptoms and urinary infection relieved the obstruction of the colon. To our knowledge, especially in children, colonic obstruction due to urinary retention has not been reported in the literature.
Glycemic control and motor development in a patient with intermediate DEND
Authors: Oka Hideharu , Suzuki Shigeru , Furuya Akiko , Matsuo Kumihiro , Amamiya Satoshi , Oshima Miho , Oka Toshiaki , Mukai Tokuo , Okayama Akie , Araki Akiko , Azuma Hiroshi , Tanahashi Yusuke 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe most common cause of neonatal diabetes, KCNJ11 gene mutation, can manifest as a neurological disorder. The most severe form consists of a constellation of developmental delay, epilepsy, and neonatal diabetes (DEND). Intermediate DEND (iDEND) refers to a milder presentation without epilepsy. We present a child with iDEND, for whom insulin injections were replaced with glibenclamide therapy at 17 months of age because of poor glycemic control and delayed motor development. Three months after initiation of glibenclamide, HbA1c decreased from 10.2% to 5.6%. Continuous glucose monitoring indicated that blood glucose fluctuations were suppressed while on glibenclamide. Furthermore, after initiating glibenclamide therapy, the developmental quotient (DQ) for motor ability markedly improved from 60 to 91, whereas the DQ for language and adoptive ability remained as they had been before the sulfonylurea treatment. Sulfonylurea treatment improved glycemic control and motor development in the present patient.
Bone marrow transplant for a girl with bone marrow failure and cerebral palsy
Authors: Kodama Yuichi , Okamoto Yasuhiro , Shinkoda Yuichi , Tanabe Takayuki , Nishikawa Takuro , Yamaki Yuni , Kurauchi Koichiro , Kawano Yoshifumi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been used with increasing frequency to treat congenital bone marrow failure syndrome (CBMFs) successfully. Decision to perform BMT, however, is difficult in the case of comorbidity because of regimen‐related toxicities. We describe here a child with CBMFs, severe cerebral palsy (CP) at Gross Motor Function Classification System level V and mental retardation (MR) who was transfusion dependent despite various medications. She underwent BMT from an HLA‐1 locus‐mismatched unrelated donor. Although engraftment was successful, no neurological improvement was seen 5 years after BMT. While CBMFs patients who have CP and MR could undergo transplantation safely, they may not benefit neurologically from BMT.
Utility of non‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to detect acute pyelonephritis
Authors: Aoyagi Jun , Odaka Jun , Kuroiwa Yuri , Nakashima Naomi , Ito Takane , Saito Takashi , Kanai Takahiro , Yamagata Takanori , Momoi Mariko Y 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIt has been established that enhanced computed tomography (CT) and 99mTc‐dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy (99mTc‐DMSA scintigraphy) used in conjunction with single‐photon emission CT is a useful tool for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN). The utility of non‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), however, has not been investigated extensively for the diagnosis of APN or renal abscess in children. We describe the case of a 23‐month‐old boy with suspected APN who received non‐enhanced MRI. Whole body diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) was used, and a background body‐signal suppression sequence was applied. High‐intensity focal lesions were identified on DWI and low‐intensity lesions on the apparent diffusion coefficient map in the acute phase. This case suggested that non‐enhanced MRI could be a useful tool for the diagnosis of APN in children, because it can avoid the risks of not only radiation exposure but also nephrogenic systemic fibrosis associated with gadolinium‐based contrast agents, especially in infants.
Synovial sarcoma in a premature newborn
Authors: Köse Doğan , Annagür Ali , Erol Cengiz , Uğraş Serdar , Köksal Yavuz 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSynovial sarcoma is rarely detected in infants, with an annual incidence of 0.5 per million. Synovial sarcoma occurs more frequently in adolescents and young adults, with the majority of patients presenting between 15 and 40 years of age. It is extremely rare, however, in pediatric patients under 2 years of age. In the present study we examined a 3‐day‐old male infant born at 32 weeks who had a mass on his left arm. Synovial sarcoma was identified on histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy material acquired from the mass. On whole body magnetic resonance imaging, diffuse metastases were detected in the bilateral lungs in the retroperitoneal zone, in bilateral suprarenal glands, the right liver lobe, the right kidney, and the brain. To our knowledge this is the youngest patient to be diagnosed with synovial sarcoma in the literature.
Datura stramonium intoxication in two children
Authors: Rakotomavo Falihery , Andriamasy Caroline , Rasamoelina Ndrantoniaina , Raveloson Nasolotsiry 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDatura stramonium is a toxic plant member of the Solanaceae family. Its consumption may result in severe anticholinergic toxicity. We report the intoxication of 5‐ and 4‐year‐old brothers with Datura stramonium, which presented in two different manners. The first child presented agitation, hallucination and mydriasis that improved rapidly with benzodiazepine medication. The second presented comatose, mydriasis and Babinski signs. Gastric lavage and activated charcoal administration were performed. The child was intubated and mechanically ventilated until consciousness improvement. Datura stramonium poisoning may be considered by physicians in case of acute onset of decreased consciousness or behaviour trouble associated with anticholinergic signs and symptoms.
Photophysical Properties and Singlet Oxygen Generation Efficiencies of Water‐Soluble Fullerene Nanoparticles
Authors: Stasheuski Alexander S. , Galievsky Victor A. , Stupak Alexander P. , Dzhagarov Boris M. , Choi Mi Jin , Chung Bong Hyun , Jeong Jin Young 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAs various fullerene derivatives have been developed, it is necessary to explore their photophysical properties for potential use in photoelectronics and medicine. Here, we address the photophysical properties of newly synthesized water‐soluble fullerene‐based nanoparticles and polyhydroxylated fullerene as a representative water‐soluble fullerene derivative. They show broad emission band arising from a wide‐range of excitation energies. It is attributed to the optical transitions from disorder‐induced states, which decay in the nanosecond time range. We determine the kinetic properties of the singlet oxygen (1O2) luminescence generated by the fullerene nanoparticles and polyhydroxylated fullerene to consider the potential as photodynamic agents. Triplet state decay of the nanoparticles was longer than 1O2 lifetime in water. Singlet oxygen quantum yield of a series of the fullerene nanoparticles is comparably higher ranging from 0.15 to 0.2 than that of polyhydroxylated fullerene, which is about 0.06.
The RHD(1227G>A) DEL‐associated allele is the most prevalent DEL allele in Australian D– blood donors with C+ and/or E+ phenotypes
Authors: Scott Stacy A. , Nagl Lisa , Tilley Louise , Liew Yew‐Wah , Condon Jenny , Flower Robert , Hyland Catherine A. 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundRed blood cells (RBCs) with D antigen levels only detected by anti‐D adsorption‐elution and an antiglobulin test express a DEL phenotype. For two DEL types, including RHD(1227G>A), immunization of D– recipients has been reported. This study's aim was to measure the prevalence of DEL‐associated RHD alleles in a cohort of Australian D– donors to develop a model to estimate alloimmunization risk.Study Design and MethodsD–, C+ and/or E+ blood donors were screened for RHD exons using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Donors with RHD signals were DEL phenotyped with MCAD6 anti‐D. RHD alleles were characterized via single‐nucleotide polymorphism array or sequencing. Extended DEL phenotyping was performed with an anti‐D panel.ResultsAmong 2027 donors, 39 carried RHD alleles that have been previously reported to associate with either the DEL or the weak D phenotype. An additional five donors carried previously unreported RHD alleles and exhibited the DEL phenotype: RHD(IVS2‐2delA), RHD(IVS1+5G>C), RHD(ex9:del/CE), and RHD(ex8:del/CE) represented twice. In total, DEL/weak D–associated RHD alleles were detected in 44 of 2027 donors or 2.17% (95% confidence interval, 1.54%‐2.81%). The RHD(1227G>A) DEL allele was the most frequent (n = 16). The risk of transfusing D– females not more than 40 years of age with an RHD(1227G>A) DEL RBC unit (when managed as D–) is estimated to be one in 149,109 transfusions (range, 100,680‐294,490).ConclusionDEL/weak D–associated RHD alleles were found in 2.17% of Australian D–, C+ and/or E+ blood donors. This differs from previous European reports in that the clinically significant RHD(1227G>A) DEL allele is the most prevalent.
From gene action to reactive genomes
Authors: Keller Evelyn Fox 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPoised at a critical turning point in the history of genetics, recent work (e.g. in genomics, epigenetics, genomic plasticity) obliges us to critically reexamine many of our most basic concepts. For example, I argue that genomic research supports a radical transformation in our understanding of the genome – a shift from an earlier conception of that entity as an effectively static collection of active genes to that of a dynamic and reactive system dedicated to the context specific regulation of protein‐coding sequences.