bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A linearized model of water exit
Authors: Korobkin Alexander A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA model of hydrodynamic loads acting on a rigid floating body during the lifting of the body from the liquid surface is presented. The liquid is of infinite depth, inviscid and incompressible. Initially the liquid is at rest. The body suddenly starts to move upwards from the liquid at a constant acceleration. Boundary conditions on the liquid surface are linearized and imposed on the equilibrium position of the liquid surface. The resulting boundary problem is solved by the methods of analytical functions. Negative pressures are allowed and the pressure is assumed continuous at the periphery of the wetted area. The unknown size of the wetted area is determined by the condition that the speed of the contact points is proportional to the local velocity of the flow. This condition provides a nonlinear Abel-type integral equation which is solved explicitly. Both two-dimensional and axisymmetric configurations are considered. Predicted hydrodynamic forces are compared with the computational fluid dynamics results by Piro & Maki (11th International Conference on Fast Sea Transport. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 2011) for both a rigid wedge and circular cylinder, which initially enter the water and then exit from it.
Association between body mass index and mental health among Scottish adult population: a cross-sectional study of 37272 participants
Authors: Ul-Haq Z. , Mackay D. F. , Fenwick E. , Pell J. P. 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundThe evidence is conflicting as to whether body mass index (BMI) is associated with mental health and, if so, to what extent it varies by sex and age. We studied mental health across the full spectrum of BMI among the general population, and conducted subgroup analyses by sex and age.MethodWe undertook a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the Scottish adult population. The Scottish Health Survey provided data on mental health, measured by the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ), BMI, demographic and life-style information. Good mental health was defined as a GHQ score <4, and poor mental health as a GHQ score ⩾4. Logistic regression models were applied.ResultsOf the 37 272 participants, 5739 (15.4%) had poor mental health. Overall, overweight participants had better mental health than the normal-weight group [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87–0.99, p = 0.049], and individuals who were underweight, class II or class III obese had poorer mental health (class III obese group: adjusted OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.05–1.51, p = 0.013). There were significant interactions of BMI with sex (p = 0.013) and with age (p < 0.001). Being overweight was associated with significantly better mental health in middle-aged men only. In contrast, being underweight at all ages or obese at a young age was associated with significantly poorer mental health in women only.ConclusionsThe adverse associations between adiposity and mental health are specific to women. Underweight women and young women who are obese have poorer mental health. In contrast, middle-aged overweight men have better mental health.
Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery: a universally applicable surgical strategy
Authors: Karl Tom R. , Provenzano Sylvio C. J. , Nunn Graham R. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe most commonly reported coronary arterial malformation, in accounts of sudden deaths, is anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery. Anomalous coronary arteries may arise from the left, right, or non-coronary sinuses of Valsalva. Importantly, although the left coronary artery from the right sinus has the worst prognosis, sudden death has been reported in all variants of origin from the various sinuses of Valsalva. This paper describes a technique that addresses all of the problems relating to anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery from the wrong sinus of Valsalva. This technique includes the transection of the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk, coronary arterial enlargement with a pericardial patch, and lateral translocation of the pulmonary trunk to the left pulmonary artery. Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery from the wrong sinus of Valsalva is a potentially lethal cardiac anomaly that can be corrected in all cases using this simplified surgical technique that addresses the major anatomic and physiological problems.
Surgical management of congenital coronary arterial anomalies in adults
Authors: Said Sameh M. , Dearani Joseph A. , Burkhart Harold M. , Schaff Hartzell V. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCongenital anomalies of the coronary arteries are an uncommon, but important, cause of pain in the chest, myocardial ischaemia and even sudden cardiac death, especially in young individuals. This paper focuses on the surgical treatment of congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries in adults; indications for surgery and the different surgical options will be reviewed.
Fistulous communications with the coronary arteries in the setting of hypoplastic ventricles
Authors: Anderson Robert H. , Spicer Diane 
Published: November 2013

AbstractNeonates born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome now have a remarkably improved prognosis compared with the situation existing before the development of the Norwood sequence of operative procedures. Some of those born with hypoplastic right ventricles in the setting of pulmonary atresia with an intact ventricular septum, however, still have a relatively poor prognosis. In part this reflects the presence of fistulous communication between the cavity of the right hypoplastic right ventricle and the coronary arterial tree. Such fistulous communications are now increasingly recognised as being important in the setting of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. In this brief review, we describe the anatomy of the communications. Those found with hypoplastic right ventricles are seen most frequently when the cavity of the ventricle effectively represents only the inlet, this in turn reflecting mural overgrowth of the apical trabecular and outlet components during foetal development. This almost certainly reflects an earlier appearance of the pulmonary valvar lesion that promotes the cavitary hypoplasia. In those with hypoplastic left ventricles, the key feature differentiating those with fistulous communications is the presence of a patent mitral valve, since the left ventricle is typically no more than a virtual slit in postero-inferior ventricular wall in the setting of mitral valvar atresia or absence of the left atrioventricular connection.
Mapping three-dimensional temperature in microfluidic chip
Authors: Wu Jinbo , Kwok Tsz Yan , Li Xiaolin , Cao Wenbin , Wang Yu , Huang Junying , Hong Yaying , Zhang Dongen , Wen Weijia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) temperature mapping method with high spatial resolution and acquisition rate is of vital importance in evaluating thermal processes in micro-environment. We have synthesized a new temperature-sensitive functional material (Rhodamine B functionalized Polydimethylsiloxane). By performing optical sectioning of this material, we established an advanced method for visualizing the micro-scale 3D thermal distribution inside microfluidic chip with down to 10 ms temporal resolution and 2 ~ 6°C temperature resolution depending the capture parameters. This method is successfully applied to monitor the local temperature variation throughout micro-droplet heat transfer process and further reveal exothermic nanoliter droplet reactions to be unique and milder than bench-top experiment.
Inhomogeneity of bulk nanoporous silver fabricated via dealloying Ag‐Zn alloy in sulphuric acid
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Bai Lu , Lu Xing 
Published: November 2013

Described is an approach to fabricate bulk nanoporous silver with a diameter of 12 mm and thickness of 5.4 mm via dealloying Ag25Zn75 alloy in 0.1 mol/l sulphuric acid at 0.4 V for 100 h at room temperature. The volume of the bulk nanoporous contracts 14.2% compared with the starting alloy. Meanwhile, crystal structure switches from close‐packed hexagonal to face‐centred cubic, which can be considered as a type of phase transition during dealloying. An intrinsically inhomogeneous morphology in microscale exists in bulk nanoporous silver by dealloying, which is caused by coarsening of the ligament width via surface diffusion of silver atoms in the electrolyte for different times. Moreover, parallel orientation structures and cracks have been found in the specimen, which could be related to the columnar crystal of starting alloy during solidification. The lattice defects such as stacking faults, lattice distortions and twins can be seen in the ligaments.
The three dimensions of informetrics: a conceptual view
Authors: Guns Raf 
Published: November 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to propose a conceptual model of the field of informetrics. Specifically, the paper argues that informetrics comprises the study of entities in three dimensions: the social, documentary and epistemic dimensions containing respectively agents, documents, and concepts or cognitions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper outlines a conceptual model, drawing on earlier work by Kochen, Leydesdorff, Borgman and others. Subsequently, each dimension and interdimensional relation is analyzed and discussed.FindingsIt is shown that not every study necessarily involves each of the three dimensions, but that the field as a whole cannot be reduced to one or two of them. Moreover, the dimensions should be kept separate but they are not completely independent. The paper discusses what kinds of relations exist between the dimensions. Special attention is given to the nature of the citation relation within this framework. The paper also considers the place of concepts like mapping, proximity and influence in the model.Research limitations/implicationsThis conceptual paper is a first step. Multi‐relational networks may be a key instrument to further the study of the interplay between the three dimensions.Originality/valueThe paper provides a framework to characterise informetric studies and makes the characteristics of the field explicit.
The impact of guanxi, xinyong and buyer collaboration on the loyalty and financial performance of vegetable farmers in China
Authors: Lobo Antonio , Leckie Civilai , Li Chongguang 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of two Chinese cultural constructs, guanxi (networks) and xinyong (interpersonal trust) in the burgeoning vegetable supply chains.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were collected using a validated survey instrument and 520 usable responses were obtained from vegetable farmers in three main vegetable producing provinces of China.

Findings
– The findings revealed that farmers' guanxi promotes xinyong and collaboration of buyers. It was also determined that xinyong is the key mediator between guanxi and the two outcomes, loyalty and financial performance of farmers. Additionally, xinyong influences collaboration of the buyer.

Research limitations/implications
– This paper offers strategic insights into both academicians and practitioners associated with the vegetable industry regarding enhancement of inter-organisational relationships (loyalty) and financial performance of farmers in China through the embedded concepts of guanxi and xinyong.

Originality/value
– Despite its potential importance, relatively little is known about these two concepts especially with respect to supply chains of fresh produce.
Transnational organized crime (TOC) and the relationship to good governance in the Caribbean
Authors: Goede Miguel 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this article is to discuss transnational organized crime (TOC) and the relationship to good governance in the Caribbean.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is exploratory. It follows a path of inductive reasoning, from observation of the eight global cases to a broader general analysis and the development of a theoretical framework or ideal type.

Findings
– The influence of TOC on governance in the Caribbean is worrying. Normative theories of democracy, public administration and governance no longer apply. Economic growth diminishes, unemployment rises, crime rises.

Originality/value
– The paper contributes to the understanding of the impact of TOC on good governance especially on Small Island Developing States in the Caribbean.
Rationality of supplier switching in retail electricity markets
Authors: Annala Salla , Viljainen Satu , Tuunanen Jussi 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– This paper aims to study the rationality of residential electricity customers' decision-making based on their behavior in liberalized electricity markets.

Design/methodology/approach
– Finnish residential customers' saving opportunities from supplier switching are studied by using price data obtained from the Finnish Energy Market Authority. The saving opportunities are then compared with the switches accomplished. The paper also examines the dispersion of offer prices (the prices that are offered to customers who wish to switch away from the default contract) by comparing all the offers for one- and two-year contracts in the largest network area in Finland (2007-2010).

Findings
– About 60-70 percent of residential customers are estimated to purchase electricity under a default contract from their local supplier. However, notable savings might be achieved by switching from default contracts to competitive contracts. The analysis shows that for the majority of customers, the offer prices were always cheaper than the default contract prices during the examined period. For customers with electric heating, the average saving opportunity (compared to the default price) was over 200 year in 2009 and 2010. The range of offer prices for contracts with similar terms has not decreased despite the regulator's efforts to facilitate supplier switching by providing a price comparison service. The discrepancy between saving opportunities and switching rates reflects the effects of the limits of consumer rationality in the retail electricity markets.

Originality/value
– The paper presents a longitudinal study about the benefits of supplier switching and the development of offer price dispersion.
Methods of variable pre-selection for net score modeling
Authors: Michel René , Schnakenburg Igor , von Martens Tobias 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– This paper aims to focus on different approaches to variable pre-selection for building net score models (also known as uplift modelling or incremental response modelling). The application of these models supports the identification of customers whose response can be traced back to be an effect of the campaign under consideration.

Design/methodology/approach
– First, a net scoring methodology based on decision trees is presented. Then, derived from research contributions on this subject and analytics performed on real data from the financial sector, different approaches of variable pre-selection are discussed and compared numerically.

Findings
– Net-χ2 and net information value as well as the rank lift impact correlation for interval variables would be preferred when performing variable pre-selection for net score models. Simulations showed that the results were relatively stable with respect to the number of cross-validation samples.

Practical implications
– Variable pre-selection is required since it reduces computational effort that comes along with the complexity of net score models and the availability of a large amount of potential predictors. Some pre-selection methods result in a set of predictors quite close to the application of net scores itself.

Originality/value
– Despite its lever on the effectiveness of marketing campaigns, only few contributions address net scores up to now and yet fewer authors deal with variable pre-selection for those models. In this regard, this article is the first to develop and compare different approaches.
Beyond professional boundaries: relationships and resources in health services' modernisation in England and Wales
Authors: Huby Guro , Harris Fiona M , Powell Alison E. , Kielman Tara , Sheikh Aziz , Williams Sian , Pinnock Hilary 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis article draws on theories of social capital to understand ways in which the negotiation of professional boundaries among healthcare professionals relates to health services change. We compared reconfiguration of respiratory services in four primary care organisations (PCOs) in England and Wales. Service development was observed over 18 months during a period of market‐based reforms. Serial interviews with key clinicians and managers from hospital trusts and PCOs followed progress as they collaborated around, negotiated and contested developments. We found that professionals work to protect and expand their claims to work territory. Remuneration and influence was a catalyst for development and was also necessary to establish professional boundaries that underpinned novel service arrangements. Conflict and contest was less of a threat to change than a lack of engagement in boundary work because this engagement produced relationships based on forming shifting professional allegiances across and along boundaries, and these relationships mediated the social capital needed to accomplish change. However, this process also (re)produced inequalities among professions and prevented some groups from participation in service change.
Structural stress or deliberate decision? Government partisanship and the disempowerment of unions in Denmark
Authors: Klitgaard Michael Baggesen , Nørgaard Asbjørn Sonne 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe role of government partisanship in the era of retrenchment is debated. It is argued in this article that partisanship matters for only some aspects of policy. Irrespective of ideological bending, governments accommodate structural pressure as well as short‐term electoral interests to keep the economy on track and implement austerity measures in labour market policy that, in effect, reduce union resources and capacity to mobilise. But only governments of the right exploit structural stress to pursue long‐term interest in curbing the institutional privileges of unions. Aligning short‐ and long‐term interests is easier for social democratic governments during economic expansion, whereas governments of the right have an easier time aligning interests in periods of structural pressure. By analysing a sample of Danish labour market reforms, this article shows that today social democratic governments still defend the institutional privileges of unions and discusses the comparative significance of the Danish case.
Gendered Risk Engagement: Challenging the Embedded Vulnerability, Social Norms and Power Relations in Conventional Australian Bushfire Education
Authors: ERIKSEN CHRISTINE 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBuilding on an identified need for gender‐sensitive approaches to bushfire risk engagement, this paper examines outreach initiatives specifically targeting women's bushfire awareness and preparedness in southeast Australia. The results of an online survey, together with two workshops with community engagement staff and volunteers from rural fire services, convey perceived aids and obstacles for engaging women. Efforts at engaging women with bushfire risk management are shown to align squarely with efforts to create a more gender‐balanced and gender‐sensitive environment for bushfire brigade volunteers. The paper demonstrates how gender roles and gendered norms are reinforced by the patriarchal structures that shape everyday life and the on‐the‐ground application of official outreach policy and practice. This, in turn, results in heightened dimensions of gendered vulnerability to bushfire. Three key pointers to more successful engagement emerge from the analysis: the benefits of hands‐on experience and practice, the strength of networks and the imperative of supportive learning environments.
DNA barcoding of Orchidaceae in Korea
Authors: Kim Hye Min , Oh Sang‐Hun , Bhandari Gauri Shankar , Kim Chan‐Soo , Park Chong‐Wook 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSpecies of Orchidaceae are under severe threat of extinction mainly due to overcollection and habitat destruction; accurate identification of orchid species is critical in conservation biology and sustainable utilization of orchids as plant resources. We examined 647 sequences of the cpDNA regions rbcL, matK, atpF‐atpH IGS, psbK‐psbI IGS and trnH‐psbA IGS from 89 orchid species (95 taxa) and four outgroup taxa to develop an efficient DNA barcode for Orchidaceae in Korea. The five cpDNA barcode regions were successfully amplified and sequenced for all chlorophyllous taxa, but the amplification and sequencing of the same regions in achlorophyllous taxa produced variable results. psbK‐psbI IGS showed the highest mean interspecific K2P distance (0.1192), followed by matK (0.0803), atpF‐atpH IGS (0.0648), trnH‐psbA IGS (0.0460) and rbcL (0.0248). The degree of species resolution for individual barcode regions ranged from 60.5% (rbcL) to 83.5% (trnH‐psbA IGS). The degree of species resolution was significantly enhanced in multiregion combinations of the five barcode regions. Of the 26 possible combinations of the five regions, six provided the highest degree of species resolution (98.8%). Among these, a combination of atpF‐atpH IGS, psbK‐psbI IGS and trnH‐psbA IGS, which comprises the least number of DNA regions, is the best option for barcoding of the Korean orchid species.
Personal messages reduce vandalism and theft of unattended scientific equipment
Authors: Clarin B.‐Markus , Bitzilekis Eleftherios , Siemers Björn M. , Goerlitz Holger R. 
Published: November 2013

Summary

Scientific equipment, such as animal traps and autonomous data collection systems, is regularly left in the field unattended, making it an easy target for vandalism or theft. We tested the effectiveness of three label types, which differed in their information content and tone of the message, that is, personal, neutral or threatening, for reducing incidents of vandalism and theft of unattended scientific field equipment.
The three label types were attached to 20 scientific equipment dummies each, which were placed semi‐hidden and evenly distributed in four public parks in Munich, Germany.
While the label type had no effect on the severity of the interactions with our equipment dummies, the personal label reduced the overall number of interactions by c. 40–60%, compared with the dummies showing the neutral or threatening label type.
We suggest that researchers, in addition to securing their field equipment, label it with personal and polite messages that inform about the ongoing research and directly appeal to the public not to disturb the equipment. Further studies should extend these results to areas with different socio‐economic structure.