bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Complication Rates Between Large Bore Needle and a Long Micropuncture Needle During Epicardial Access
Authors: Gunda Sampath , Reddy Madhu , Pillarisetti Jayasree , Atoui Moustapha , Badhwar Nitish , Swarup Vijay , DiBiase Luigi , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Mohanty Prashanth , Nagaraj Hosakote , Ellis Christopher , Rasekh Abdi , Cheng Jie , Bartus Krzysztof , Lee Randall , Natale Andrea , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya 
Published: June 2015

Background—
A dry epicardial access (EA) is increasingly used for advanced cardiovascular procedures. Conventionally used large bore needles (Tuohy or Pajunk needle; LBN) have been associated with low but definite incidence of major complications with EA. Use of micropuncture needle (MPN) may decrease the risk of complications. We intended to compare the outcomes of LBN with MPN for EA.

Methods and Results—

We report a multicenter observational study of consecutive patients who underwent EA for ventricular tachycardia ablation or Lariat procedure using the LBN or MPN. Oral anticoagulation was stopped before the procedure. Baseline characteristics and procedure-related complications were collected and compared. Of the 404 patients, LBN and MPN were used in 46% and 54% of patients, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of inadvertent puncture of myocardium between LBN and MPN (7.6% versus 6.8%,
P
=0.76). However, there was a significantly higher rate of large pericardial effusions with LBN compared with MPN (8.1% versus 0.9%;
P
<0.001). The incidence of pleural effusions were not significantly different between both (1.6% versus 2.3%;
P
=0.64). LBN group had an increase in other complications compared with MPN (open heart surgery to repair cardiac laceration [6 versus 0], injury to liver [1 versus 0], coronaries [1 versus 0], and superior epigastric artery requiring surgical exploration [0 versus 1]).

Conclusions—
The use of MPN is associated with decreased incidence of major complications, and the need for surgical repair and routine use should be considered for EA.
ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Thrombus Aspiration, and Different Invasive Strategies. A TASTE Trial Substudy
Authors: Fröbert Ole , Calais Fredrik , James Stefan K. , Lagerqvist Bo 
Published: June 2015

Background

The clinical effect of thrombus aspiration in
ST
‐elevation myocardial infarction may depend on the type of aspiration catheter and stenting technique.

Methods and Results

The multicenter, prospective, randomized, open‐label trial Thrombus Aspiration in
ST
‐Elevation myocardial infarction in Scandinavia (
TASTE
) did not demonstrate a clinical benefit of thrombus aspiration compared to percutaneous coronary intervention alone. We assessed the effect of type of aspiration device, stent type, direct stenting, and postdilatation on outcomes at 1 year. There was no difference in all‐cause mortality, between the 3 most frequently used aspiration catheters (Eliminate [Terumo] 5.4%, Export [Medtronic] 5.0%, Pronto [Vascular Solutions] 4.5%) in patients randomized to thrombus aspiration. There was no difference in mortality between directly stented patients randomized to thrombus aspiration compared to patients randomized to percutaneous coronary intervention only (risk ratio 1.08, 95%
CI
0.70 to 1.67,
P
=0.73). Similarly, there was no difference in mortality between the 2 randomized groups for patients receiving drug‐eluting stents (risk ratio 0.89, 95%
CI
0.63 to 1.26,
P
=0.50) or for those treated with postdilation (risk ratio 0.72, 95%
CI
0.49 to 1.07,
P
=0.11). Furthermore, there was no difference in rehospitalization for myocardial infarction or stent thrombosis between the randomized arms in any of the subgroups.

Conclusions

In patients with
ST
‐elevation myocardial infarction randomized to thrombus aspiration, the type of aspiration catheter did not affect outcome. Stent type, direct stenting, or postdilation did not affect outcome irrespective of treatment with thrombus aspiration and percutaneous coronary intervention or percutaneous coronary intervention alone.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
: ClinicalTrials.gov. Unique identifier:
NCT
01093404,
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01093404
.
Insights to the mating strategies of Habronattus americanus jumping spiders from natural behaviour and staged interactions in the wild
Authors: Blackburn Gwylim S. , Maddison Wayne P. 
Published: June 2015

We documented natural behaviour and staged intersexual interactions ofHabronattusamericanusjumping spiders in the wild in order to clarify three aspects of their mating strategies: (1) Do males invest more than females in locomotory mate search? (2) Do females exert strong mate choice? (3) Do direct contests occur among males? Males apparently invested heavily in mate search, travelling more than females yet eating nothing. Conversely, females frequently hunted and spent 10% of their time feeding. Females encountered one male per hour, likely affording them a high degree of choice among prospective mates. Accordingly, they promoted the termination of each interaction and ultimately rejected nearly all courting males. Male–male interactions were brief and did not feature direct antagonism. Our findings suggest that mate competition inH. americanusis characterized by male scramble competition for dispersed females, and that female mate choice may exert strong selection on male sexual display traits.
Harmonic Scalpel and Electrothermal Bipolar Vessel Sealing System in Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Tirelli Giancarlo , Camilot Debora , Bonini Pierluigi , Del Piero Giulia Carolina , Biasotto Matteo , Quatela Eliana 
Published: June 2015

Objectives: Define and compare the thermal nerve injury caused by 3 different vessel sealing and dissection devices: the harmonic scalpel (HS), the electrothermal bipolar vessel sealing system (EBVS), and the bipolar electrosurgery unit (BE). Methods: First we recorded the heating variations in pig tissue caused by a BE unit, HS, and EBVS after an activation for 5, 10, and 15 seconds at minimum and at maximum power. In the second part, we evaluated the histological damage caused by HS and EBVS on 20 in vivo human nerves, 10 per device. The 2 scalpels were placed and activated at 3 different distances from the nerve (1, 3, and 5 mm). The extension and the degree of the nerve lesion was then calculated. Results: The instrument determining the highest rise in temperature was the BE unit, followed by HS and then EBVS. Comparison between the extension and degree of nerve injury caused by the 2 scalpels showed no statistically significant differences. Based on these evaluations, we established a relative safety limit at 3 mm and an absolute safety limit at 5 mm for both scalpels. Conclusions: Our data suggest EBVS and HS can be considered valid and safe devices for ENT surgery.
Postsecondary academic achievement and first-episode psychosis: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Roy Laurence , Rousseau Jacqueline , Fortier Pierre , Mottard Jean-Pierre 
Published: June 2015

Background. Postsecondary academic achievement as an area of functional recovery for young adults living with mental illness has received little research attention. Purpose. This study had three purposes: to compare rates of participation, performance, and satisfaction in postsecondary education between young adults with first-episode psychosis and closely matched young adults; to identify characteristics associated with academic participation; and to explore the processes associated with educational experiences. Method. One hundred young adults ages 18 to 30 participated in the study. Quantitative data on academic engagement, performance, and satisfaction, and qualitative data ( n = 52) on academic experiences were integrated through pattern analyzes. Findings. Young adults with psychosis were significantly less likely to be engaged in postsecondary education. No difference appeared for the extent of engagement, but performance and satisfaction were lower among participants with psychosis. Participants engaged in reflexive decision making to access postsecondary education and to maintain adequate academic performance. Strategies used by successful students with mental illness were identified. Implications. Assessment and intervention focused on educational needs and skills should become landmark practices for psychiatric rehabilitation practitioners, including occupational therapists.
Social networks and participation with others for youth with learning, attention, and autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Kreider Consuelo M. , Bendixen Roxanna M. , Young Mary Ellen , Prudencio Stephanie M. , McCarty Christopher , Mann William C. 
Published: June 2015

Background. Social participation involves activities and roles providing interactions with others, including those within their social networks. Purpose. This study sought to characterize social networks and participation with others for 36 youth, ages 11 to 16 years, with ( n = 19) and without ( n = 17) learning disability, attention disorder, or high-functioning autism. Method. Social networks were measured using methods of personal network analysis. The Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment With Whom dimension scores were used to measure participation with others. Youth from the clinical group were interviewed regarding their experiences within their social networks. Findings. Group differences were observed for six social network variables and in the proportion of overall, physical, recreational, social, and informal activities engaged with family and/or friends. Qualitative findings explicated strategies used in building, shaping, and maintaining social networks. Implications. Social network factors should be considered when seeking to understand social participation.
Test–retest reliability of self-reported sexual health measures among US Hispanic adolescents
Authors: Jerman Petra , Berglas Nancy F , Rohrbach Louise A , Constantine Norman A 
Published: June 2015

Objective: Although Hispanic adolescents in the USA are often the focus of sexual health interventions, their response to survey measures has rarely been assessed within evaluation studies. This study documents the test–retest reliability of a wide range of self-reported sexual health values, attitudes, knowledge and behaviours among Hispanic adolescents from low-income, urban communities. Method: Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for sexual health scales (knowledge, values about condom use, parent communication, protection self-efficacy and condom-use intentions) in a 2-week sample ( N = 86). Cohen’s kappa and the intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for behaviours (romantic and sexual behaviours, and sexual health services history) in two separate 2-week samples ( N = 86, N = 202). Selected behaviours were also examined for retractions in both 2-week samples and in a 1-year sample ( N = 291). Results: Among sexual health scales, test–retest reliability ranged from .37 for condom-use intentions to .93 for parent communication. Among behaviours, reliability ranged from 0.27 for use of sexual health services to 1.00 for use of birth control at first sex. Retractions ranged from below 10% for ever having had a steady partner to 50% or more for sexual health services and testing. Conclusion: Test–retest reliability differed greatly across self-reported sexual health values, attitudes, knowledge and behaviours for the three samples of Hispanic adolescents. Overall, however, most items and scales showed good to excellent reliability (i.e. a coefficient greater than .60), suggesting that Hispanic adolescents are moderately to highly stable reporters in response to sexual health measures.
Feasibility of silica-hybridized collagen hydrogels as three-dimensional cell matrices for hard tissue engineering
Authors: Yu Hye-Sun , Lee Eun-Jung , Seo Seog-Jin , Knowles Jonathan C , Kim Hae-Won 
Published: June 2015

Exploiting hydrogels for the cultivation of stem cells, aiming to provide them with physico-chemical cues suitable for osteogenesis, is a critical demand for bone engineering. Here, we developed hybrid compositions of collagen and silica into hydrogels via a simple sol-gel process. The physico-chemical and mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and bone-bioactivity were characterized in-depth; furthermore, the in vitro mesenchymal stem cell growth and osteogenic differentiation behaviors within the 3D hybrid gel matrices were communicated for the first time. The hydrolyzed and condensed silica phase enabled chemical links with the collagen fibrils to form networked hybrid gels. The hybrid gels showed improved chemical stability and greater resistance to enzymatic degradation. The in vitro apatite-forming ability was enhanced by the hybrid composition. The viscoelastic mechanical properties of the hybrid gels were significantly improved in terms of the deformation resistance to an applied load and the modulus values under a dynamic oscillation. Mesenchymal stem cells adhered well to the hybrid networks and proliferated actively with substantial cytoskeletal extensions within the gel matrices. Of note, the hybrid gels substantially reduced the cell-mediated gel contraction behaviors, possibly due to the stiffer networks and higher resistance to cell-mediated degradation. Furthermore, the osteogenic differentiation of cells, including the expression of bone-associated genes and protein, was significantly upregulated within the hybrid gel matrices. Together with the physico-chemical and mechanical properties, the cellular behaviors observed within 3D gel matrices, being different from the previous approaches reported on 2D substrates, provide new information on the feasibility and usefulness of the silica-collagen system for stem cell culture and tissue engineering of hard tissues.
Breastfeeding Duration after Childhood Sexual Abuse
Authors: Coles Jan , Anderson Amy , Loxton Deborah 
Published: June 2015

Background: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is prevalent across the world. Childhood sexual abuse is associated with poorer health, but information on its impact on breastfeeding is limited. In this study, the authors investigated the link between CSA and duration of breastfeeding for 6 months or more. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between CSA and breastfeeding duration for Australian women. Methods: Data from 3778 women from the 1973-1978 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health were used. A stepped approach was used to assess the association between CSA and breastfeeding the first child for 6 months or more with logistic regression modeling, adjusting for significant sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and adult violence. Results: The 15.5% of women who had experienced CSA were less educated, younger, and more likely to be smokers and to have experienced adult violence. The CSA group was less likely to breastfeed for 6 months or more (odds ratio [OR], 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-0.93), even after adjusting for smoking (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.98) and adult violence (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67-0.96). There was no longer a significant association once sociodemographic factors were adjusted for, which remained true in the fully adjusted model (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.75-1.09). Conclusion: Women who experienced CSA were successfully able to maintain breastfeeding at a level similar to those who had not experienced CSA after controlling for sociodemographic factors. Further testing of whether the effects of CSA are mediated through social variables is warranted to investigate whether addressing social factors in service provision may be key to improving breastfeeding duration.
Self-Efficacy Regarding Social Work Competencies
Authors: Holden Gary , Barker Kathleen , Kuppens Sofie , Rosenberg Gary 
Published: June 2015

Purpose: The need for psychometrically sound measurement approaches to social work educational outcomes assessment is increasing. Method: The research reported here describes an original and two replication studies of a new scale ( N = 550) designed to assess an individual’s self-efficacy regarding social work competencies specified by the Council on Social Work Education as part of the accreditation of social work programs. Results: This new measure, the Self-Efficacy Regarding Social Work Competencies Scale (SERSWCS), generally performed in line with our expectations. Discussion: The SERSWCS is a measure that is based on substantial theoretical and empirical work, has preliminary evidence regarding the psychometric properties of the data it produces, can be used with large numbers of students in an efficient manner, is neither expensive or subject to user restrictions, and provides views of outcomes that have utility for pedagogical considerations at multiple curricular levels.
Job satisfaction among Australian doctors: the use of latent class analysis
Authors: Joyce Catherine , Wang Wei Chun 
Published: June 2015

Objective To identify patterns of job satisfaction among Australian doctors using latent class analysis, and to determine the relationships of these patterns to personal and professional characteristics so as to improve satisfaction and minimize medical wastage. Methods MABEL (Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life) data in 2011 were used. The study collected information on 5764 doctors about their job satisfaction, demographic characteristics, their health, country of medical training, opportunities for professional development and social interaction, taking time off work, views of patients’ expectations, unpredictable working hours, hours worked per week, preference to reduce hours and intention to leave the medical workforce. Results Four latent classes of job satisfaction were identified: 5.8% had high job satisfaction; 19.4% had low satisfaction with working hours; 16.1% had high satisfaction with working hours but felt undervalued; and 6.5% had low job satisfaction. Low job satisfaction was associated with reporting poor health, having trained outside Australia, having poor opportunities for professional development and working longer hours. Low satisfaction was associated with a preference to reduce work hours and an intention to leave the medical workforce. Conclusion To improve job satisfaction and minimize medical wastage, policies need to address needs of overseas trained doctors, provide continuing professional development and provide good health care for doctors.
Clozapine-induced stuttering: an estimate of prevalence in the west of Ireland
Authors: Murphy Ruth , Gallagher Anne , Sharma Kapil , Ali Tariq , Lewis Elizabeth , Murray Ivan , Hallahan Brian 
Published: June 2015

Objectives: Clozapine is the most effective treatment available for treatment-resistant schizophrenia; however, it is also associated with a large array of adverse effects that limits its tolerability. A number of previous case reports have noted an association between clozapine and stuttering, however the rate of this possible adverse effect is yet to be established. Methods: In this paper, we present six cases of patients treated with clozapine who developed stuttering. Results: Clozapine was associated with stuttering in 0.92% of individuals treated with clozapine in the region. Clozapine-induced stuttering was associated with an increase in treatment dose or with dose titration at initiation of clozapine in five individuals, with dose reduction or slower dose titration associated with a cessation of stuttering in these cases. Conclusions: This is the largest case series to date examining clozapine-induced stuttering and indicates that clozapine-induced stuttering is a relatively common adverse effect that can be managed by a slower titration of clozapine dosage or a modest reduction in dose in most cases.
Exploring the Impact of CSR on Talent Management with Generation Y
Authors: Ohlrich Keri 
Published: June 2015

Developing a corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy can help companies remain competitive, grow market share, and enhance customer loyalty. As CSR has recently become part of corporate strategy, many corporations are confronted with an employee talent shortfall. This shortfall is attributed to factors from the simple fact that there are not enough people, like Generation X not being able to replace the retiring Baby Boomers to the more complex concept of a talent mismatch. This research investigates this intersection of CSR and talent and examines the impact of CSR on employee attraction and retention, with a special focus on Generation Y. Interviews included 36 qualitative, semi-structured interviews. Results suggest that potential employees are not as much attracted by the CSR programme, but by the values of the company. Results suggest that employees do not necessarily stay at companies because of the CSR programme. From the findings, a practitioners’ guide was created. This guide outlines the drivers of attraction and retention that focus on iValue, iDevelop and iRetain.
Persistent neonatal thrombocytopenia can be caused by IgA antiplatelet antibodies in breast milk of immune thrombocytopenic mothers
Authors: Hauschner Hagit , Rosenberg Nurit , Seligsohn Uri , Mendelsohn Rafael , Simmonds Aryeh , Shiff Yakov , Schachter Yaakov , Aviner Shraga , Sharon Nechama 
Published: June 2015

Key Points
Persistent thrombocytopenia was observed in breastfed neonates of ITP women. Breast milk of ITP women may contain immunoglobulin A antiplatelet antibodies, which target αIIbβ3 integrin.
Strong convergence theorems for Bregman quasi-strict pseudo-contractions in reflexive Banach spaces with applications
Authors: Wang Zi-Ming 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a simple iterative algorithm is introduced for finding a fixed point of a Bregman quasi-strict pseudo-contraction. Furthermore, strong convergence results are established in a reflexive Banach space. Finally, the solution of equilibrium problem, variational inequality, and zero point problem of maximal monotone operator are considered as applications.
Wet explosion pretreatment of loblolly pine leads to an increase in methoxylation of the lignin
Authors: Rana Diwakar , Laskar Dhrubojyoti D. , Srinivas Keerthi , Ahring Birgitte K. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundIn biorefineries, various pretreatments traditionally employ hazardous chemicals (ammonia, sulfuric acid, sulfite, etc.) for opening the softwood structure and to facilitate easy accessibility of the cellulose for further downstream processing. The resultant lignin (known as technical lignin) after extraction of the carbohydrate fraction as sugars has been either burned as fuel or used in biochemical or biofuel production. It has been observed that the technical lignin after such biomass pretreatments is often more condensed and, hence, cannot be easily used to produce fine chemicals of high value. In this study, we examine lignin after wet explosion pretreatment where the biomass in subjected to oxygen to understand how these interactions will affect lignin utilization for biochemical production.ResultsIn this study, the structural transformations within the softwood lignin as a response to wet explosion (WEx) pretreatment of loblolly pine at different experimental conditions (165–175 °C, 18–30 min) were examined using GC/MS and NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the H-type structures within the lignin molecule decreased while S-type structures increased after pretreatment. Since S-type lignin sub-units have a higher degree of methoxylation compared to H units, the potential of S-type lignin to undergo re-condensation at lower temperatures (after pretreatment), by forming bonds with other lignin sub-units, is lower due to stearic hindrance, resulting in the generation of lignin with a lower tendency to form new complex lignin bindings (high-quality biorefinery lignin).ConclusionsThe less condensed biorefinery lignin generated after WEx pretreatment was found to provide a platform for production of lignin polymer with more labile β-O-4 linkages. This type of lignin could potentially be superior for the production of high-value bio-products compared to re-condensed lignin after acidic and other types of chemical pretreatments.