bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of cooperative, collaborative, and interdisciplinary learning guided by software development in Spanish universities
Authors: Lorente Sonia , Arnal-Palacián Mónica , Paredes-Velasco Maximiliano 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe European Higher Education Area (EHEA) proposes to enhance active learning and student protagonism in order to improve academic performance. In this sense, different methodologies are emerging to create scenarios for self-regulation of their learning. In this study the cooperative, collaborative and interdisciplinary learning methodologies were compared in Spanish universities. The main objectives were to evaluate their effects in higher education and to explore the relationship between perceived group cooperation and self-perceived ability to work in a group, differences between educational Spanish contexts, educational methodologies and gender. To this end, a quasi-experimental design was carried out. Data analysis included the descriptive metrics, correlations and analysis of variance to evaluate the differences among pedagogical methods, their effects on cooperative learning, teamwork outcomes and gender differences, comprising a total of 229 students in Spain from Psychology, Early Childhood Education, Primary Education and Computer Engineering completed the two questionnaires. Results showed that the highest correlation between perceived cooperative activity and self-perceived ability to work in a group was found among computer science students, especially among women, suggesting that the interdisciplinary learning focused on software tool development may be the most effective methodology to improve teamwork and cooperative learning outcomes. Despite these findings concern only to Spanish universities, limiting the generalizability of results, the interdisciplinary methodology seems promising for improving both teaching quality and teamwork skills. The learning methodologies of interdisciplinary projects may therefore need to be implemented within the framework of cooperative and collaborative methodologies.
A Learning Theory Proposal that May Strengthen the Effectiveness of Psychological Treatments
Authors: McCullough James P. , Long Lee R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper stands in the learning tradition of H. J. Eysenck who, sixty-three years ago in 1961, wrote that pathological/psychological disorders are learned/conditioned responses or habits that are non-adaptive. Eysenck argued that persons who receive Psychological Treatment (i.e. ‘psychotherapy’) are best served when their symptom complaints are addressed with well-established learning guidelines. In a similar vein, our proposal presents a general overview of learning and following Eysenck’s lead, describes six general characteristics (Eysenck listed 6 characteristics of ‘psychotherapy’) of a learning-based proposal for Psychological Treatment. Our proposal places a heavy emphasis on the therapist’s role as teacher. In addition, four acquisition learning examples are presented showing how one constructs a learning approach that addresses psychological symptom categories.
History of stroke as a predictor of high left atrial fibrosis in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation—insight from the DECAAF II randomized trial
Authors: El Hajjar Abdel Hadi , Dagher Lilas , Younes Hadi , Mekhael Mario , Noujaim Charbel , Chouman Nour , Greene Tom , Pandey Amitabh C. , Huang Chao , Marrouche Nassir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
There is a strong relationship between left atrial (LA) remodeling and ischemic stroke (IS) risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The Efficacy of Delayed Enhancement MRI-Guided Ablation vs. Conventional Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation (DECAAF-II) is the biggest MRI-based, randomized, multicenter clinical trial performed on persistent AF patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between history of stroke and atrial fibrosis in the DECAAF II population.

Methods
Persistent AF patients who underwent Late Gadolinium Enhancement Magnetic Resonance Imaging (LGE-MRI) were included in the study and divided into two different groups: those with a history of stroke and those without. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for covariates. Atrial fibrosis was compared in both groups. Then, patients were divided into different fibrosis groups, using three different cut-offs of baseline atrial fibrosis: ≥ 15%, ≥ 20%, and ≥ 25%. Univariate logistic regression and adjusted multivariate analysis were performed to assess the effect of clinical characteristics and risk factors on baseline fibrosis.

Results
Eight-hundred forty-three patients were recruited in DECAAF II, of whom 70 (8.3%) had a history of stroke. Patients with history of stroke had a higher prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.043), diabetes (p = 0.014), and hyperlipidemia (p = 0.001). Seventy patients with no history of strokes were matched with patients with history of stroke to adjust for covariates using propensity score analysis. Patients in the stroke group had a significantly higher level of fibrosis than those without (20.2% vs. 8.1%, p = 0.017). Increased age was a significant predictor of all three baseline fibrosis classes (≥ 15%, ≥ 20%, and ≥ 25%). Additionally, history of stroke was found to be a predictor of baseline fibrosis ≥ 25% even after adjusting for other clinical characteristics and risk factors (OR = 1.98 [1.14–3.43], p = 0.01).

Conclusions
Left atrial fibrosis level greater than 25% correlates with the history of previous stroke episodes in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.

Graphical Abstract
Investigation of flame-retardant characteristics of natural flax coated with hydrothermally synthesized calcium borate and organic PDA
Authors: Akçakoca İremnur , Aydaş Bahadır , Öktem Mehmet Fatih , Topateş Gülsüm 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlame-retardant behavior of flax fabric coated by calcium borate powders with clove-like and elongated morphologies was investigated by thermal analysis and cone calorimeter. PDA was used to form strong and uniform adhesion of calcium borate onto fabric. Thermal analysis showed a 20% of decrease in mass loss, while detected exothermic/endothermic peaks as a result of the degradation of fabric and PDA. Significant reductions in HRR, p-HRR, EHC and CO2 amount were observed for fabric coated by PDA and elongated calcium borate powder. PDA was carbonized at low temperatures and formed a char layer that prevented flame propagation. At the same time, calcium borate powder dilutes the flammable gases in the environment with the release of water within its body. Among the calcium borate powders, rod-like morphology showed the best flame-retardant performance.
Exploring the eternal struggle: The Narrative Policy Framework and status quo versus policy change
Authors: Kuenzler Johanna , Vogeler Colette , Parth Anne-Marie , Gohl Titian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article proposes an integration of the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) with prospect theory to investigate how the status quo and policy change are recounted in public debates. By integrating insights from prospect theory into the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF), we investigate narratives in the policy domain of farm animal welfare, which is characterized by a strong polarization of actor coalitions. We compare public debates in France and Germany between 2020 and 2021. Our analysis shows that the NPF’s analytical strength is enhanced by integrating the distinction between status quo and policy change in narrative elements. This distinction enables further empirical nuancing of actors’ narrative communication, and in combination with insights from prospect theory, it allows for new conjectures about actors’ use of narrative strategies such as the devil shift and the angel shift. In addition to the theoretical contribution, we shed light on debates surrounding farm animal welfare in Western Europe: Both animal welfare and agricultural coalitions are unsatisfied with the status quo, but they promote policy change of different kinds.
Introduction and validation of the open symptom framework: a public domain modular framework for patient-reported measurement of symptoms related to cancer and its treatment
Authors: Gibbons C. , Brown G. , Lu S. C. , Elrick A. , Tang Y. , Kaufman M. , Williams M. , Xu C. , Harrison C. , Swisher C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We provide an initial description and validation of some public domain patient-reported outcome (PRO) items to assess cancer symptom burden to address immediate barriers to symptom assessment use in clinical practice and facilitate future research.

Methods
We created the Open Symptom Framework (OSF), a flexible tool for clinical cancer-related symptom assessment. The items comprise six components: recall period, concept, symptom, qualifier(s), a definition, and a 5-point Likert-type response. We recruited patients receiving cancer therapy in the United States and United Kingdom. We assessed external construct validity by comparing OSF scores to the PRO-CTCAE measure and assessed reliability, scalability, dimensionality, and item ordering within a non-parametric item response theory framework. We tested differential item functioning for country, age, gender, and level of education.

Results
We developed a framework alongside clinical and psychometric experts and debrieifed with 10 patients. For validation, we recruited 331patients. All items correlated with the PRO-CTCAE equivalents (r = 0.55–0.96, all p < 0.01). Mokken analysis confirmed the scalability and unidimensionality of all symptom scales with multiple items at the scale (Ho = 0.61–0.75) and item level (Hi = 0.60–0.76). Items are interpreted consistently between demographic groups (Crit = 0 for all groups).

Conclusion
The public domain OSF has excellent psychometric properties including face, content, and criterion validity and can facilitate the development of flexible, robust measurements to fulfil stakeholder need. The OSF was designed specifically to support clinical assessment but will function well for research. Further work is planned to increase the number of symptoms and number of questions per symptom within the framework.
Efficient Handover Mode Synchronization for NR-REDCAP on a Vector DSP
Authors: Qureshi Sheikh Faizan , Damjancevic Stefan , Matus Emil , van der Wolf Pieter , Utyansky Dmitry , Fettweis Gerhard 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To enable the low-cost design of 5 G IoT Standard reduced capability (NR-REDCAP) devices, hardware-software trade-offs must be made for various signal processing baseband kernels. Dedicated hardware for a kernel provides higher speed and power efficiency but limits the device’s programmability. With the varying range of user equipment (UE) deployment scenarios and dynamic wireless channel conditions, flexible solutions like digital signal processors (DSPs) are favorable for implementing channel estimation, channel equalization, and waveform modulation/demodulation algorithms. Due to stringent requirements on latency for algorithms like decimation, synchronization, and decoding, designers might favor dedicated hardware over DSP-based solutions. Such dedicated hardware increases the device cost as it needs to be added to the modem design solely to implement such specific algorithms. In this work, we study the most critical operation mode of synchronization for the NR-REDCAP standard,i.e., during the Handover between cells. Whereas for the enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) 5 G NR standard, dedicated hardware might be the best implementation choice for decimation and synchronization; in contrast, for NR-REDCAP, a cost saving can be achieved by implementing and optimizing the kernels onto the vector DSP. We propose an architecture-aware methodology for implementing the most compute-intensive sub-kernels on our vector DSP. Furthermore, we perform structural optimizations to find the most effective sub-kernel variant in performance optimization. After algorithmic and structural optimizations, our results show that the synchronization procedure can be accommodated on a vector DSP with a clock frequency of 500 MHz.
The role of actual-ideal weight discrepancy in the relationships between perfectionism, self-esteem, self-compassion and eating pathology in adolescents with eating disorders
Authors: Egan Sarah J. , Filippetto Daniel , Greene Danyelle , Pauley-Gadd Sian B. , Shu Chloe Y. , Hoiles Kimberley J. , Kane Robert T. , O’Mara Madieson , Watson Hunna J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding factors associated with adolescent eating disorders is important for improving treatment outcomes. Actual-ideal weight discrepancy refers to the discrepancy between actual weight and the ideal weight an individual wants to achieve. Actual-ideal weight discrepancy is associated with poorer treatment outcome in eating disorders. It is important to understand factors associated with weight discrepancy to identify targets for treatment to improve outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine self-related constructs associated with actual-ideal weight discrepancy. The specific aim was to determine if perfectionism, self-esteem, and self-compassion contribute to eating disorder symptoms in adolescents, both independently, and through the mediating pathway of actual-ideal weight discrepancy. Participants comprised 114 female adolescents, aged 12–17 years with an eating disorder (40% anorexia nervosa, 33% atypical anorexia nervosa, 16% bulimia nervosa, 5% other specified and 5% unspecified feeding and eating disorders). Higher actual-ideal weight discrepancy, higher perfectionism, lower self-esteem, and lower self-compassion were associated with greater eating disorder symptoms. When the predictors of perfectionism, self-esteem, and self-compassion were included together in a path model predicting eating disorder symptoms, the model explained 59% of variance, and self-esteem and actual-ideal weight discrepancy were the only significant predictors of eating disorder symptoms. Lower self-esteem predicted greater eating disorder symptoms directly and through the mediator of actual-ideal weight discrepancy.
The Principle of Cortical Development and Evolution
Authors: Yang Zhengang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHuman’s robust cognitive abilities, including creativity and language, are made possible, at least in large part, by evolutionary changes made to the cerebral cortex. This paper reviews the biology and evolution of mammalian cortical radial glial cells (primary neural stem cells) and introduces the concept that a genetically step wise process, based on a core molecular pathway already in use, is the evolutionary process that has molded cortical neurogenesis. The core mechanism, which has been identified in our recent studies, is the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP7)-GLI3 repressor form (GLI3R)-sonic hedgehog (SHH) positive feedback loop. Additionally, I propose that the molecular basis for cortical evolutionary dwarfism, exemplified by the lissencephalic mouse which originated from a larger gyrencephalic ancestor, is an increase in SHH signaling in radial glia, that antagonizes ERK-BMP7 signaling. Finally, I propose that: (1) SHH signaling is not a key regulator of primate cortical expansion and folding; (2) human cortical radial glial cells do not generate neocortical interneurons; (3) human-specific genes may not be essential for most cortical expansion. I hope this review assists colleagues in the field, guiding research to address gaps in our understanding of cortical development and evolution.
NIN-like proteins (NLPs) as crucial nitrate sensors: an overview of their roles in nitrogen signaling, symbiosis, abiotic stress, and beyond
Authors: Sámano Mariana López , Nanjareddy Kalpana , Arthikala Manoj-Kumar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNitrogen is an essential macronutrient critical for plant growth and productivity. Plants have the capacity to uptake inorganic nitrate and ammonium, with nitrate playing a crucial role as a signaling molecule in various cellular processes. The availability of nitrate and the signaling pathways involved finely tune the processes of nitrate uptake and assimilation. NIN-like proteins (NLPs), a group of transcription factors belonging to the RWP-RK gene family, act as major nitrate sensors and are implicated in the primary nitrate response (PNR) within the nucleus of both non-leguminous and leguminous plants through their RWP-RK domains. In leguminous plants, NLPs are indispensable for the initiation and development of nitrogen-fixing nodules in symbiosis with rhizobia. Moreover, NLPs play pivotal roles in plant responses to abiotic stresses, including drought and cold. Recent studies have identified NLP homologs in oomycete pathogens, suggesting their potential involvement in pathogenesis and virulence. This review article delves into the conservation of RWP-RK genes, examining their significance and implications across different plant species. The focus lies on the role of NLPs as nitrate sensors, investigating their involvement in various processes, including rhizobial symbiosis in both leguminous and non-leguminous plants. Additionally, the multifaceted functions of NLPs in abiotic stress responses, developmental processes, and interactions with plant pathogens are explored. By comprehensively analyzing the role of NLPs in nitrate signaling and their broader implications for plant growth and development, this review sheds light on the intricate mechanisms underlying nitrogen sensing and signaling in various plant lineages.
Bryozoan fauna from the Ferques Formation (Upper Devonian, Frasnian) of France
Authors: Ernst Andrej , Buttler Caroline 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBryozoan material from the Ferques Formation (Upper Devonian, Frasnian), Boulonnais, France contains two cystoporates Cystiramus cf. kondomensis Morozova, 1959 and Canutrypa francqana Bassler, 1952, a new trepostome species Dyoidophragma bigeyae n. sp., as well as two fenestrates Hemitrypa sp. and Anastomopora inflata (Bigey, 1988b). The diagnosis of the genus Dyoidophragma Duncan, 1939 is revised. The species composition reveals palaeobiogeographic relations to the Middle and Upper Devonian of Belgium, Germany and Poland, as well as possible relation to the Upper Devonian of Kuznetsk Basin in Russia.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Reynoutria bohemica by Hot and Cold Route
Authors: Marta Férová , Jiří Kalina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this work was to prepare silver nanoparticles from weedy plant material. The extracts were prepared from fresh and dried Reynoutria leaves at 100 °C, and from dried leaves at 21 °C. Organic substances (e.g. flavonoids) in the extract of Reynoutria bohemica served as reducing agent in the preparation of Ag0 nanoparticles from AgNO3 precursor. Silver nanoparticles were prepared by adding 1 mM AgNO3 and tempered at 70 °C for 24 h. The color change during the formation of the nanoparticles was monitored using UV-vis spectra, where the maximum absorbance was detected at 420 nm. The size and stability of the particles were determined by Dynamic Light Scattering method to 40–50 nm, and their zeta potential was about − 23 mV. Finally, the cold route of biosynthesis appears to be a new and energetically beneficial way for preparing silver nanoparticles. The extracts were prepared from dried leaves at laboratory temperature and AgNPs were also synthesized at laboratory temperature by adding 1 mM AgNO3. The shift of absorption maximum to 450 nm was observed, with a particle size of 85 nm and zeta potential – 24 mV. The preparation was time-consuming (72 h), but without energy costs and utilizing an invasive plant - that is, a truly green synthesis of nanoparticles. This paper introduces a novel approach using the widely distributed invasive plant Reynoutria bohemica for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, developing a cost-effective and energy-saving method that operates at room temperature without heating.

Graphical Abstract
Acidity and hypoxia of tumor microenvironment, a positive interplay in extracellular vesicle release by tumor cells
Authors: Peppicelli Silvia , Calorini Lido , Bianchini Francesca , Papucci Laura , Magnelli Lucia , Andreucci Elena 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The complex and continuously evolving features of the tumor microenvironment, varying between tumor histotypes, are characterized by the presence of host cells and tumor cells embedded in a milieu shaped by hypoxia and low pH, resulting from the frequent imbalance between vascularity and tumor cell proliferation. These microenvironmental metabolic stressors play a crucial role in remodeling host cells and tumor cells, contributing to the stimulation of cancer cell heterogeneity, clonal evolution, and multidrug resistance, ultimately leading to progression and metastasis. The extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-enclosed structures released into the extracellular milieu by tumor/host cells, are now recognized as critical drivers in the complex intercellular communication between tumor cells and the local cellular components in a hypoxic/acidic microenvironment. Understanding the intricate molecular mechanisms governing the interactions between tumor and host cells within a hypoxic and acidic microenvironment, triggered by the release of EVs, could pave the way for innovative strategies to disrupt the complex interplay of cancer cells with their microenvironment. This approach may contribute to the development of an efficient and safe therapeutic strategy to combat cancer progression. Therefore, we review the major findings on the release of EVs in a hypoxic/acidic tumor microenvironment to appreciate their role in tumor progression toward metastatic disease.
Comparative study of aeroacoustic performance of 1/8 and 1/1 pantographs coupled with cavity
Authors: Tan Xiaoming , Liu Huifang , Yang Zhigang , Chen Hong , Fu Baojun , Gong Linli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe technology of pantograph sinking in the cavity is generally adopted in the new generation of high-speed trains in China for aerodynamic noise reduction in this region. This study takes a high-speed train with a 4-car formation and a pantograph as the research object and compares the aerodynamic acoustic performance of two scale models, 1/8 and 1/1, using large eddy simulation and Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings integral equation. It is found that there is no direct scale similarity between their aeroacoustic performance. The 1/1 model airflow is separated at the leading edge of the panhead and reattached to the panhead, and its vortex shedding Strouhal number (St) is 0.17. However, the 1/8 model airflow is separated directly at the leading edge of the panhead, and its St is 0.13. The cavity’s vortex shedding frequency is in agreement with that calculated by the Rooster empirical formula. The two scale models exhibit some similar characteristics in distribution of sound source energy, but the energy distribution of the 1/8 model is more concentrated in the middle and lower regions. The contribution rates of their middle and lower regions to the radiated noise in the two models are 27.3% and 87.2%, respectively. The peak frequencies of the radiated noise from the 1/1 model are 307 and 571 Hz. The 307 Hz is consistent with the frequency of panhead vortex shedding, and the 571 Hz is more likely to be the result of the superposition of various components. In contrast, the peak frequencies of the radiated noise from the 1/8 scale model are 280 and 1970 Hz. The 280 Hz comes from the shear layer oscillation between the cavity and the bottom frame, and the 1970 Hz is close to the frequency at which the panhead vortex sheds. This shows that the scaled model results need to be corrected before applying to the full-scale model.