bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of overexpression of p53 in uterine endometrioid adenocarcinomas with an analysis of nuclear grade
Authors: Urabe Rie , Hachisuga Toru , Kurita Tomoko , Kagami Seiji , Kawagoe Toshinori , Matsuura Yusuke , Shimajiri Shohei 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimAlthough overexpression of p53 is usually found in uterine serous carcinoma (USC), it is also found in some uterine endometrioid adenocarcinomas (UEA). This report describes the clinicopathological features of the UEA with overexpression of p53 with special reference to a prognostic significance of nuclear grade.Material and MethodsImmunohistochemical expression of p53 was examined in 322 UEA and 34 USC. Greater than 50% staining was defined as the overexpression for p53. Cox's univariate and multivariate analyses for UEA were made.ResultsThere were 57 UEA (20.7%) showing overexpression of p53 and 31 USC (91.2%). The cancer‐specific survival rate of patients with UEA without overexpression of p53, UEA with overexpression of p53 and USC was 88.2%, 76.3% and 45.7%, respectively. Univariate analyses showed overexpression of p53 to be a significant prognostic indicator in patients with UEA (P < 0.02). However, multivariate analyses for UEA showed that age, surgical stage, nuclear grade, myometrial invasion and lymphovascular space invasion were independent prognostic factors, while the significances of p53 immunoreactivity and architectural grade disappeared. In correlation between overexpression of p53 and nuclear grade, the patients with nuclear grade 1 and 2 UEA had a good prognosis, regardless of overexpression of p53. The cancer‐specific survival rates of patients with nuclear grade 3 UEA with overexpression of p53 was 52.7% and was not significantly different from that of patients with nuclear grade 3 UEA without overexpression of p53 (66.7%) and USC.ConclusionsThe prognostic significance of p53 immunostaining could not show in nuclear grade 3 UEA.
Magnetic Resonance Characteristics and Susceptibility Weighted Imaging of the Brain in Gadolinium Encephalopathy
Authors: Samardzic Dejan , Thamburaj Krishnamoorthy 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETo report the brain imaging features on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in inadvertent intrathecal gadolinium administration.METHODSA 67‐year‐old female with gadolinium encephalopathy from inadvertent high dose intrathecal gadolinium administration during an epidural steroid injection was studied with multisequence 3T MRI.RESULTST1‐weighted imaging shows pseudo‐T2 appearance with diffusion of gadolinium into the brain parenchyma, olivary bodies, and membranous labyrinth. Nulling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signal is absent on fluid attenuation recovery (FLAIR). Susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) demonstrates features similar to subarachnoid hemorrhage. CT may demonstrate a pseudo‐cerebral edema pattern given the high attenuation characteristics of gadolinium.CONCLUSIONIntrathecal gadolinium demonstrates characteristic imaging features on MRI of the brain and may mimic subarachnoid hemorrhage on susceptibility‐weighted imaging. Identifying high dose gadolinium within the CSF spaces on MRI is essential to avoid diagnostic and therapeutic errors.
Effect of dosage and application mode of l‐carnitine on plasma lipid and egg‐yolk cholesterol of turkeys, hatchability of eggs and post‐hatch growth of their offsprings
Authors: Oso A. O. , Fafiolu A. O. , Adeleke M. A. , Ladokun O. A. , Sobayo R. A. , Jegede A. V. , Peters S. O. , Oyebamiji O. A. , Akinsola J. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThe effect of dosage and application mode of l‐carnitine on plasma lipid and egg‐yolk cholesterol of breeder turkeys, hatchability of eggs and post‐hatch growth response was investigated using 180 breeder hens. The hens were assigned to six dietary treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangements of two application modes of l‐carnitine (diet and drinking water) supplemented at 0, 50 and 100 ppm (mg/kg or mg/l) levels, respectively. Each treatment was replicated five times with six hens per replicate. Dietary inclusion of 50 ppm l‐carnitine showed the lowest (p < 0.01) plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low‐density lipoprotein concentration (LDL). Breeder hens offered 50 ppm l‐carnitine with no regard to application mode recorded the highest (p < 0.01) plasma high‐density lipoprotein (HDL). Hens offered 50 and 100 ppm l‐carnitine irrespective of application mode also showed reduced (p < 0.01) egg‐yolk TC concentration at 32 weeks of age. Dietary supplementation of 50 ppm l‐carnitine for breeder turkeys recorded the lowest (p < 0.01) egg‐yolk triglyceride (TG) at 40 weeks of age. Hens offered 50 ppm l‐carnitine irrespective of application mode recorded the highest (p < 0.05) hen‐day egg production. Incidence of dead‐in‐shell also reduced (p < 0.05) with increasing dosage of l‐carnitine. Dietary supplementation of 50 ppm and oral application in drinking water of 100 ppm l‐carnitine for breeder turkeys resulted in highest (p < 0.05) egg fertility. Offsprings from breeder hens fed diets supplemented with l‐carnitine recorded no post‐hatch mortality. Highest (p < 0.05) post‐hatch final live weight and weight gain was obtained with poults obtained from hens fed diet supplemented with 50 ppm l‐carnitine. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 50 ppm l‐carnitine for turkey hens showed improved serum lipid profile, egg fertility, reduced dead‐in‐shell, egg‐yolk cholesterol and resulted in improved post‐hatch growth performance.
The monospecific genus Meredithia (Kallymeniaceae, Gigartinales) is species rich and geographically widespread with species from temperate Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans
Authors: Schneider Craig W. , Saunders Gary W. , Lane Christopher E. 
Published: November 2013

Using sequences of 5′ region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene, large subunit rDNA, and ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit gene as genetic markers to elucidate their phylogenetic positions, six unknown species from Western Australia, Tasmania, Lord Howe Is., and Norfolk Is. cluster with Meredithia in the Kallymeniaceae (Gigartinales), and are described as new members of this previously monospecific genus. Specimens from Bermuda referable to Kallymenia limminghei Mont. in the 20th century also clustered with this genetic grouping, not with the generitype of Kallymenia. The Bermudian specimens are further shown to be morphologically distinct from the type of K. limminghei (Guadeloupe, Caribbean Sea) and are described as a new species, Meredithia crenata. Using these Indo‐Pacific and Bermudian collections, our analyses further show that Psaromenia is closely related to Meredithia, and that Cirrulicarpus nanus sensu stricto should be returned to Meredithia.
Forecasting Euro‐Area Macroeconomic Variables Using a Factor Model Approach for Backdating
Authors: Brüggemann Ralf , Zeng Jing 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe suggest to use a factor model based backdating procedure to construct historical Euro‐area macroeconomic time series data for the pre‐Euro period. We argue that this is a useful alternative to standard contemporaneous aggregation methods. The article investigates for a number of Euro‐area variables whether forecasts based on the factor‐backdated data are more precise than those obtained with standard area‐wide data. A recursive pseudo‐out‐of‐sample forecasting experiment using quarterly data is conducted. Our results suggest that some key variables (e.g. real GDP, inflation and long‐term interest rate) can indeed be forecasted more precisely with the factor‐backdated data.
NewMiddleCambrian bivalved arthropods from theBurgessShale (BritishColumbia,Canada)
Authors: Legg David A. , Caron Jean‐Bernard 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe morphology of two new bivalved arthropods,Loricicaris spinocaudatusgen. et sp. nov. andNereocaris briggsisp. nov. from themiddleCambrian (Series 3,Stage 5)BurgessShaleFormation (CollinsQuarry locality onMountStephen,YohoNationalPark,BritishColumbia,Canada), is described. The material was originally assigned to the genusBranchiocaris, but exhibits distinctive character combinations meriting its assignment to other taxa.Loricicaris spinocaudatuspossesses an elongate and spinose abdomen comparable to the contemporaneousPerspicarisandCanadaspis, as well as chelate second head appendages and subtriangular exopods, comparable toBranchiocaris.Nereocaris briggsipossesses a laterally compressed carapace, elongate and delicate appendages and a medial eye located between a pair of lateral eyes on a rhomboidal eye stalk. Although undoubtedly congeneric withNereocaris exilisfrom a slightly younger horizon of theBurgessShaleFormation,N. briggsidiffers in overall proportions and segment number, warranting assignment to a new species. The newly described taxa were coded into an extensive cladistic analysis of 755 characters, and 312 extinct and extant panarthropods, including a variety ofCambrian bivalved arthropods from both theBurgessShale and theChengjiangLagerstätten. Cambrian bivalved arthropods consistently resolved as a paraphyletic assemblage at the base ofArthropoda. Important innovations in arthropod history such as the specialization of the deutocerebral head appendages and a shift from a nekton‐benthic deposit feeding habit to a benthic scavenging/predatory habit, the symplesiomorphic feeding condition ofEuarthropoda (crown‐group arthropods), were found to have occurred among basal bivalved arthropods.
New species of Franchia and Protozigzagiceras (Ammonoidea, Middle Jurassic): the phyletic origin of Zigzagiceratinae
Authors: Fernandez‐Lopez Sixto R. , Pavia Giulio 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThree genera and seven species belonging to the subfamily Zigzagiceratinae (family Perisphinctidae) are described from the Lower Bathonian of France and Saudi Arabia. Intraspecific dimorphism is recognized. A revision of the genus Franchia proposed by Sturani (1967), based on the syntypes and new specimens from south‐east France, is presented. Franchia arkelli Sturani, Franchia subalpina sp. nov., Protozigzagiceras torrensi (Sturani), Protozigzagiceras tethycum sp. nov., Protozigzagiceras flexum sp. nov. and Protozigzagiceras densum sp. nov. are described from the Digne–Castellane region of south‐east France. Megazigzagiceras subarabicum, gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Dharma region of Saudi Arabia. The successive Early Bathonian species of Franchia and Protozigzagiceras herein identified in West Tethyan areas, as members of the Mediterranean–Caucasian Subrealm, formed lasting separate peramorphoclines characterized by increasing hydrodynamic coiling of the shell. In contrast, rapid proterogenesis originated and diversified the earliest Bathonian zigzagiceratin lineages, giving paedomorphic members, commonly neotenic and more scarcely progenetic. Procerites–Siemiradzkia seems to be the oldest zigzagiceratin member in the French Subalpine, Iberian and Lusitanian basins, branched off by paedomorphosis from leptosphinctins at the Bajocian–Bathonian transition. The Mediterranean–Caucasian genera Franchia, Zigzagiceras, Zigzagites and Wagnericeras branched from successive species of Protozigzagiceras, in turn, a direct derivative of Procerites. The oldest lineages of the clade Zigzagiceratinae evolved by iterative, rapid, paedomorphic changes and additional, lasting, peramorphic modifications during the Early Bathonian.
MovingPictures? Experimental Evidence of Cinematic Influence on Political Attitudes
Authors: Adkins Todd , Castle Jeremiah J. 
Published: November 2013

ObjectivesMedia effects research has generally ignored the possibility that popular films can affect political attitudes. This omission is puzzling for two reasons. First, research on public opinion finds the potential for persuasion is highest when respondents are unaware that political messages are being communicated. Second, multiple studies have found that entertainment media can alter public opinion. Together, this suggests that popular films containing political messages should possess the potential to influence attitudes.MethodsWe develop a laboratory experiment where subjects were randomly assigned to watch a control movie with no political messages, a movie with subtle political messages, or a movie with strong and explicit political messages.ResultsWe find that popular movies possess the ability to change political attitudes, especially on issues that are unframed by the media. Furthermore, we show such influence persists over time and is not moderated by partisanship, ideology, or political knowledge.ConclusionsOur key findings suggest that a renewed scholarly interest in the political influence of popular movies is clearly warranted.
Positron emission tomography detects greater blood flow and less blood flow heterogeneity in the exercising skeletal muscles of old compared with young men during fatiguing contractions
Authors: Rudroff Thorsten , Weissman Jessica A. , Bucci Marco , Seppänen Marko , Kaskinoro Kimmo , Heinonen Ilkka , Kalliokoski Kari K. 
Published: November 2013

Key points
The results of previous studies that attempted to demonstrate the effects of ageing on skeletal muscle blood flow are controversial because these studies used indirect assessments of skeletal muscle blood flow obtained via whole limb blood flow measurements that provide no information on the distribution of blood flow within particular muscles.
We used positron emission tomography to measure blood flow per gram of muscle in old and young men with similar levels of physical activity.
Resting muscle blood flow was similar in both groups and exercising muscle blood flow was greater and less heterogeneous in the older men.
Old and young men achieved similar maximal voluntary contraction forces and endurance times during two types of fatiguing isometric task.
These findings indicate that physically active old men have intact neural drive to the muscle and achieve adequate exercise hyperaemia despite the age‐induced decrease in their muscle volume.
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate blood flow and its heterogeneity within and among the knee muscles in five young (26 ± 6 years) and five old (77 ± 6 years) healthy men with similar levels of physical activity while they performed two types of submaximal fatiguing isometric contraction that required either force or position control. Positron emission tomography (PET) and [15O]‐H2O were used to determine blood flow at 2 min (beginning) and 12 min (end) after the start of the tasks. Young and old men had similar maximal forces and endurance times for the fatiguing tasks. Although muscle volumes were lower in the older subjects, total muscle blood flow was similar in both groups (young men: 25.8 ± 12.6 ml min−1; old men: 25.1 ± 15.4 ml min−1; age main effect, P = 0.77) as blood flow per unit mass of muscle in the exercising knee extensors was greater in the older (12.5 ± 6.2 ml min−1 (100 g)−1) than the younger (8.6 ± 3.6 ml min−1 (100 g)−1) men (age main effect, P = 0.001). Further, blood flow heterogeneity in the exercising knee extensors was significantly lower in the older (56 ± 27%) than the younger (67 ± 34%) men. Together, these data show that although skeletal muscles are smaller in older subjects, based on the intact neural drive to the muscle and the greater, less heterogeneous blood flow per gram of muscle, old fit muscle achieves adequate exercise hyperaemia.
Interactive initialization of 2D/3D rigid registration
Authors: Gong Ren Hui , Güler Özgür , Kürklüoglu Mustafa , Lovejoy John , Yaniv Ziv 
Published: November 2013

Purpose:Registration is one of the key technical components in an image‐guided navigation system. A large number of 2D/3D registration algorithms have been previously proposed, but have not been able to transition into clinical practice. The authors identify the primary reason for the lack of adoption with the prerequisite for a sufficiently accurate initial transformation, mean target registration error of about 10 mm or less. In this paper, the authors present two interactive initialization approaches that provide the desired accuracy for x‐ray/MR and x‐ray/CT registration in the operating room setting.Methods:The authors have developed two interactive registration methods based on visual alignment of a preoperative image, MR, or CT to intraoperative x‐rays. In the first approach, the operator uses a gesture based interface to align a volume rendering of the preoperative image to multiple x‐rays. The second approach uses a tracked tool available as part of a navigation system. Preoperatively, a virtual replica of the tool is positioned next to the anatomical structures visible in the volumetric data. Intraoperatively, the physical tool is positioned in a similar manner and subsequently used to align a volume rendering to the x‐ray images using an augmented reality (AR) approach. Both methods were assessed using three publicly available reference data sets for 2D/3D registration evaluation.Results:In the authorsˈ experiments, the authors show that for x‐ray/MR registration, the gesture based method resulted in a mean target registration error (mTRE) of 9.3 ± 5.0 mm with an average interaction time of 146.3 ± 73.0 s, and the AR‐based method had mTREs of 7.2 ± 3.2 mm with interaction times of 44 ± 32 s. For x‐ray/CT registration, the gesture based method resulted in a mTRE of 7.4 ± 5.0 mm with an average interaction time of 132.1 ± 66.4 s, and the AR‐based method had mTREs of 8.3 ± 5.0 mm with interaction times of 58 ± 52 s.Conclusions:Based on the authorsˈ evaluation, the authors conclude that the registration approaches are sufficiently accurate for initializing 2D/3D registration in the OR setting, both when a tracking system is not in use (gesture based approach), and when a tracking system is already in use (AR based approach).
Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Taken from Military Treatment Facilities
Authors: Taitt Chris Rowe , Leski Tomasz A. , Stockelman Michael G. , Craft David W. , Zurawski Daniel V. , Kirkup Benjamin C. , Vora Gary J. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Multidrug-resistant (MDR)
Acinetobacter baumannii
infections are of particular concern within medical treatment facilities, yet the gene assemblages that give rise to this phenotype remain poorly characterized. In this study, we tested 97 clinical
A. baumannii
isolates collected from military treatment facilities (MTFs) from 2003 to 2009 by using a molecular epidemiological approach that enabled for the simultaneous screening of 236 antimicrobial resistance genes. Overall, 80% of the isolates were found to be MDR, each strain harbored between one and 17 resistant determinants, and a total of 52 unique resistance determinants or gene families were detected which are known to confer resistance to β-lactam (e.g.,
bla
GES-11
,
bla
TEM
,
bla
OXA-58
), aminoglycoside (e.g.,
aphA1
,
aacC1
,
armA
), macrolide (
msrA
,
msrB
), tetracycline [e.g.,
tet
(A),
tet
(B),
tet
(39)], phenicol (e.g.,
cmlA4
,
catA1
,
cat4
), quaternary amine (
qacE
,
qacE
Δ
1
), streptothricin (
sat2
), sulfonamide (
sul1
,
sul2
), and diaminopyrimidine (
dfrA1
,
dfrA7
,
dfrA19
) antimicrobial compounds. Importantly, 91% of the isolates harbored
bla
OXA-51-like
carbapenemase genes (including six new variants), 40% harbored the
bla
OXA-23
carbapenemase gene, and 89% contained a variety of aminoglycoside resistance determinants with up to six unique determinants identified per strain. Many of the resistance determinants were found in potentially mobile gene cassettes; 45% and 7% of the isolates contained class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively. Combined, the results demonstrate a facile approach that supports a more complete understanding of the genetic underpinnings of antimicrobial resistance to better assess the load, transmission, and evolution of MDR in MTF-associated
A. baumannii
.
Prevotella intermedia Induces Severe Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Mice with Upregulated Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Expression
Authors: Nagaoka Kentaro , Yanagihara Katsunori , Morinaga Yoshitomo , Nakamura Shigeki , Harada Tatsuhiko , Hasegawa Hiroo , Izumikawa Koichi , Ishimatsu Yuji , Kakeya Hiroshi , Nishimura Masaharu , Kohno Shigeru 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTStreptococcus pneumoniaeis the leading cause of respiratory infection worldwide. Although oral hygiene has been considered a risk factor for developing pneumonia, the relationship between oral bacteria and pneumococcal infection is unknown. In this study, we examined the synergic effects ofPrevotella intermedia, a major periodontopathic bacterium, on pneumococcal pneumonia. The synergic effects of the supernatant ofP. intermedia(PiSup) on pneumococcal pneumonia were investigated in mice, and the stimulation of pneumococcal adhesion to human alveolar (A549) cells by PiSup was assessed. The effects of PiSup on platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) transcript levelsin vitroandin vivowere analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and the differences between the effects of pneumococcal infection induced by various periodontopathic bacterial species were verified in mice. Mice inoculated withS. pneumoniaeplus PiSup exhibited a significantly lower survival rate, higher bacterial loads in the lungs, spleen, and blood, and higher inflammatory cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (macrophage inflammatory protein 2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha) than those infected without PiSup. In A549 cells, PiSup increased pneumococcal adhesion and PAFR transcript levels. PiSup also increased lung PAFR transcript levels in mice. Similar effects were not observed in the supernatants ofPorphyromonas gingivalisorFusobacterium nucleatum. Thus,P. intermediahas the potential to induce severe bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia with enhanced pneumococcal adhesion to lower airway cells.
Fbp1-Mediated Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway Controls Cryptococcus neoformans Virulence by Regulating Fungal Intracellular Growth in Macrophages
Authors: Liu Tong-Bao , Xue Chaoyang 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Cryptococcus neoformans
is a human fungal pathogen that often causes lung and brain infections in immunocompromised patients, with a high fatality rate. Our previous results showed that an F-box protein, Fbp1, is essential for
Cryptococcus
virulence independent of the classical virulence factors, suggesting a novel virulence control mechanism. In this study, we show that Fbp1 is part of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and we further investigated the mechanism of Fbp1 function during infection. Time course studies revealed that the
fbp1
Δ mutant causes little damage in the infected lung and that the fungal burden in the lung remains at a low but persistent level throughout infection. The
fbp1
Δ mutant cannot disseminate to other organs following pulmonary infection in the murine inhalation model of cryptococcosis but still causes brain infection in a murine intravenous injection model, suggesting that the block of dissemination of the
fbp1
Δ mutant is due to its inability to leave the lung. The
fbp1
Δ mutant showed a defect in intracellular proliferation after phagocytosis in a
Cryptococcus
-macrophage interaction assay, which likely contributes to its virulence attenuation. To elucidate the molecular basis of the SCF(Fbp1) E3 ligase function, we analyzed potential Fbp1 substrates based on proteomic approaches combined with phenotypic analysis. One substrate, the inositol phosphosphingolipid-phospholipase C1 (Isc1), is required for fungal survival inside macrophage cells, which is consistent with the role of Fbp1 in regulating
Cryptococcus
-macrophage interaction and fungal virulence. Our results thus reveal a new determinant of fungal virulence that involves the posttranslational regulation of inositol sphingolipid biosynthesis.