bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE END OF ESCHATOLOGY IN DANIEL? THEOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS OF THE CHANGING CONTEXTS OF INTERPRETATION
Authors: Sweeney Marvin 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis paper attempts to reassess the political and nationalistic agenda of the book of Daniel in relation to post-Enlightenment biblical theology's affirmation of the perspectives and needs of the particular over against the universal. It calls for a unified reading of the two major parts of the book, the court tales in Daniel 1-6 and the visions in Daniel 7-12, in an effort to demonstrate three major points: 1) the political and religious aims of the Hasmonean revolt permeate the entire edited form of the book, not only the visions; 2) the use of mythological and symbolic language reflects the perspectives of the priesthood and the Jerusalem Temple that envision a correlation between the events of heaven and those of earth; and 3) in contrast to prophetic books, such as Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, that identify the conquest and punishment of Israel/Judah as an expression of Yhwh's will, Daniel identifies Yhwh with the overthrow of foreign oppression. Although Daniel is an apocalyptic book, it is heavily concerned with the events of this world and represents an attempt to change it for the better.
Character Drawing in Menander's Dyskolos: Misanthropy And Philanthropy
Authors:   Haegemans
Published: July 2002

AbstractMenander's Dyskolos is based on the moral concepts of δυσκoλíα (or μισανϑρωπíα) and ιλανϑρωπíα, notions that Aristotle discussed in his Nicomachean Ethics. Diogenes Laertius' definition of philanthropy stresses the importance of social intercourse, hospitality, and generosity. In the play the characters display different stages of philanthropy. The first level, an excess of friendliness (obsequiousness), is represented in some minor characters. The second and best level, friendliness or philanthropy, is exhibited by Knemon's antagonists, Gorgias and Sostratos. While Sostratos has a pleasant character and is the perfect host, Gorgias illustrates the moral basis of the virtue. Gorgias runs the risk of turning into a misanthropist like Knemon, the main character, if his economic situation would remain as hard as it is. The basic elements (distrust, hardship) are present. Moreover Knemon seems to have started life as a philanthropist. He now represents the last level of the three: a lack of friendliness, or misanthropy. His disillusion turned him into a misanthrope. While Gorgias is an image of what Knemon might have been if his life had been easier, Knemon is what Gorgias might become if his life is hard. Thus Menander offers us the picture of a man's transformation in his play.
Lucretius, Symmetry arguments, and fearing death
Authors: Warren James 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis paper identifies two possible versions of the Epicurean 'Symmetry argument', both of which claim that post mortem non-existence is relevantly like prenatal non-existence and that therefore our attitude to the former should be the same as that towards the latter. One version addresses the fear of the state of being dead by making it equivalent to the state of not yet being born; the other addresses the prospective fear of dying by relating it to our present retrospective attitude to the time before birth. I argue that only the first of these is present in the relevant sections of Lucretius (DRN 3.832-42, 972-5). Therefore, this argument is not aimed at a prospective fear of death, or a fear of 'mortality'. That particular fear is instead addressed by the Epicureans through the additional premise (found in the Letter to Menoeceus 125) that it is irrational to fear in prospect an event which is known to be painless when present. This still leaves unaddressed the related fear of 'premature death', which is to be removed through the acceptance of Epicurean hedonism.
DANIEL: RESOLVING THE ENIGMA
Authors:   Lucas
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe consensus view that the stories of Daniel originated in Mesopotamia to commend a 'lifestyle for Diaspora' while the visions originated among Palestinian Jews during the Antiochene persecution increases, rather than explains, the tensions between the visions and stories. It is argued that the animal imagery of Dan. vii and viii has a background in Mesopotamian mythology and omens. The style and content of the prophetic survey of history in Dan. xi and xii seems influenced by the 'Akkadian Prophecies'. This suggests an origin for the visions among the Jews of the Eastern Diaspora. Dan. xii 33-35 is not incompatible with this. Sociological studies of 'millennial movements' show how a group with an appropriate world-view can become 'millennial' under the influence of a catalyst and the reinterpretation of some of its traditions. All these insights are applied to understanding the relationship between the stories and visions in Daniel.
Theistic Percepts in Other Species: Can Chimpanzees Represent the Minds of Non-Natural Agents?
Authors: Bering Jesse 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe present theoretical article addresses the empirical question of whether other species, particularly chimpanzees, have the cognitive substrate necessary for experiencing theistic and otherwise non-natural (i.e., non-physical) percepts. The primary representational device presumed to underlie religious cognition was viewed as, in general, the capacity to attribute unobservable causal mechanisms to ostensible output and, in particular, a theory of mind. Drawing from a catalogue of behaviors that may be considered diagnostic of the secondary representations involved in theory of mind (or at least theory of mind precursors), important dissimilarities between humans and other species in the realms of the animate-inanimate distinction (self-propelledness versus mental agency of animate beings), imaginative play (feature-dependent make-believe versus true symbolic play), and the death concept (biological death conceptualization versus psychological death conceptualization) were shown. Differences in these domains support the claim that humans alone possess the foundational and functional representations inherent in religious experiences.
Terrestrial movements of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita (Amphibia, Anura) in a semi-arid, agricultural landscape
Authors: Sanuy Delfi , Avrillier Jean-Noël , Miaud Claude 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe movements of 19 natterjack toads (Bufo calamita) were monitored by telemetry in a semi-arid agricultural landscape in NE Spain. Toads reproduced in two water pools in fields of barley and an ancient clayquarrying zone filled by rainfall. Thirteen toads were followed during the breeding season (weeks 5-17 of 1997) and 11 toads were followed after reproduction (weeks 18 to 46). During the breeding season four toads moved distances of up to 500 m between breeding sites. No significant differences in movement patterns were found between the sexes, but a tendency was observed for males to show higher terrestrial site fidelity than females. Distances moved after the breeding season were substantial. The distance between the furthest positions recorded was from 164 to 1201 m, the maximum distance observed between daily recordings ranged from 125 to 353 m and the maximum overall distances ranged from 567 to 4411 m. No significant differences were observed between males and females or between small and large toads. The movements of these toads in a semi-arid agricultural landscape in Spain are compared with those observed in England and Germany.
Near vertical iso- illite- crystallinity surfaces cross-cut the recumbent fold structure of the Morcles nappe, Swiss Alps
Authors: Burkhard M. , Goy-Eggenberger D. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractMetamorphic isograd surfaces are mapped within the Morcles nappe using illite crystallinity (IC) and (clay-) mineral parageneses in 268 samples. The diagenesis-anchizone and the anchizone-epizone boundaries are nearly vertical surfaces which crosscut the present-day recumbent fold nappe structure. Frontal parts of the nappe are diagenetic (Tmax<200°C) whereas rear parts both in the normal and inverted limb are epizonal (Tmax>300°C). We demonstrate that the calcite content of shales, marls or limestones has no influence on the average IC. Deviations of individual samples from the mean IC of any given diagenetic and lower anchizonal site are very large, however, without it being possible to associate deviations with any obvious rock parameter. The standard deviations of populations of IC values decrease strongly with increasing metamorphic grade (toward smaller IC values). Mapping the diagenesis-anchizone boundary requires a much larger sampling effort than the same exercise for the anchizone-epizone boundary.
Ludwigite from central Sweden: new data and crystal structure
refinement
Authors: Appel P. W. U. , Brigatti M. F. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Ludwigite from B-bearing iron ores in the Bergslagen area of central Sweden
and in the coastal area north of Stockholm has been studied using chemical and
single-crystal diffraction techniques. Structure refinements, completed for three
crystals showing slightly different Al contents, in the space group
Pbam (agreement factor: 2.42 ≤
R ≤ 2.79) indicate that: (1) octahedral M1, M2 and
M3 bond distances are similar, although the calculated site population suggests
that M1 and M2 are nearly completely occupied by Mg whereas M3 also contains
Fe2+ and Fe3+; (2) in the M4
octahedron Fe3+ and Al dominate over Mg (and
Fe2+); and (3) the distortion parameter, BLD, indicates
that M3 is the most regular, whereas M4 is the most distorted octahedron.
C-terminal peptide of thrombospondin-1 induces platelet aggregation through the Fc receptor γ-chain–associated signaling pathway and by agglutination
Authors: Tulasne David , Judd Barbi A. , Johansen Mette , Asazuma Naoki , Best Denise , Brown Eric J. , Kahn Mark , Koretzky Gary A. , Watson Steve P. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA peptide from the C-terminal domain of thrombospondin-1 (Arg-Phe-Tyr-Val-Val-Met-Trp-Lys; known as 4N1-1) has been reported to induce platelet aggregation and to bind to the integrin-associated protein (IAP), which is also known as CD47. In this study, it was discovered that 4N1-1 or its derivative peptide, 4N1K, induces rapid phosphorylation of the Fc receptor (FcR) γ chain, Syk, SLP-76, and phospholipase C γ2 in human platelets. A specific inhibitor of Src family kinases, 4-amino-4-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl) pyrazola[3,4-d]pyrimidine, prevented phosphorylation of these proteins, abolished platelet secretion, and reduced aggregation by approximately 50%. A similar inhibition of aggregation to 4N1-1 was obtained in the presence of Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser in mouse platelets deficient in FcR γ chain or SLP-76 and in patients with type I Glanzmann thrombasthenia. These results show that 4N1-1 signals through a pathway similar to that used by the collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP) VI. The αIIbβ3-independent aggregation induced by 4N1-1 was also observed in fixed platelets and platelets from patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome, which are deficient in GPIbα. Surprisingly, the ability of 4N1-1 to stimulate aggregation and tyrosine phosphorylation was not altered in platelets pretreated with anti-IAP antibodies and in IAP-deficient mice. These results show that the C-terminal peptide of thrombospondin induces platelet aggregation through the FcR γ-chain signaling pathway and through agglutination. The latter pathway is independent of signaling events and does not use GPIbα or αIIbβ3. Neither of these pathways is mediated by IAP.
Simultaneous fetal cell identification and diagnosis by epsilon-globin chain immunophenotyping and chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Choolani Mahesh , O'Donnell Hilary , Campagnoli Cesare , Kumar Sailesh , Roberts Irene , Bennett Phillip R. , Fisk Nicholas M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIsolating fetal erythroblasts from maternal blood offers a promising noninvasive alternative for prenatal diagnosis. The current immunoenzymatic methods of identifying fetal cells from background maternal cells postenrichment by labeling γ-globin are problematic. They are nonspecific because maternal cells may produce γ-globin, give poor hybridization efficiencies with chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and do not permit simultaneous visualization of the fetal cell identifier and the FISH signal. We describe a novel technique that allows simultaneous visualization of fetal erythroblast morphology, chromosomal FISH, and ε-globin labeled with AMCA (7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid). AMCA was chosen as the fluorescent label to circumvent the problem of heme autofluorescence because the mean difference in relative fluorescence intensity between fetal erythroblasts stained positive for antiglobin antibody and autofluorescence of unstained cells was greater with AMCA (mean 43.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 34.6-51.9; SD = 14.0) as the reporting label compared with fluorescein isothiocyanate (mean 24.2; 95% CI, 16.4-31.9; SD = 12.4) or phycoerythrin (mean 9.8; 95% CI, 4.8-14.8; SD = 8.0). Median FISH hybridization efficiency was 97%, comparable to the 98% (n = 5 paired samples) using Carnoy fixative. One ε-positive fetal erythroblast was identified among 105 maternal nucleated cells in 6 paired mixture experiments of fetal erythroblasts in maternal blood (P &lt; .001). Male ε-positive fetal erythroblasts were clearly distinguishable from adult female ε-negative erythroblasts, with no false positives (n = 1000). The frequency of fetal erythroblasts expressing ε-globin declines linearly from 7 to 14 weeks' gestation (y = −15.8 × + 230.8;R2 = 0.8; P &lt; .001). We describe a rapid and accurate method to detect simultaneously fetal erythroblast morphology, intracytoplasmic ε-globin, and nuclear FISH.
Low-Risk Persistent Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: Outcome After Initial Treatment With Low-Dose Methotrexate and Folinic Acid From 1992 to 2000
Authors: McNeish I. A. , Strickland S. , Holden L. , Rustin G. J.S. , Foskett M. , Seckl M. J. , Newlands E. S. 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: We have simplified the treatment of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) in order to reduce the number of patients exposed to potentially carcinogenic chemotherapy. Patients who score 0 to 8 on the Charing Cross scoring system are classified as low-risk and receive methotrexate (MTX) and folinic acid (FA), whereas those who score higher than 8 are classified as high-risk and receive the etoposide, methotrexate, and dactinomycin (EMA)/cyclophosphamide and vincristine (CO) regimen. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1992 and 2000, 485 women with GTD were commenced on MTX/FA at Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom. If patients developed MTX resistance or toxicity, treatment was altered according to the level of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). If serum hCG was ≤ 100 IU/L, patients received dactinomycin; if hCG was greater than 100 IU/L, patients received EMA/CO. RESULTS: The median duration of follow-up was 4.7 years. Overall survival was 100% and the relapse rate was 3.3% (16 of 485 patients). hCG values normalized in 324 (66.8%) of 485 patients with MTX alone, whereas 161 (33.2%) of 485 patients required a change in treatment, 11 because of MTX toxicity and 150 because of MTX resistance. Sixty-seven patients changed to dactinomycin, of whom 58 achieved normal hCG values, and nine required third-line chemotherapy with EMA/CO. hCG values normalized in 93 (98.9%) of 94 patients who changed directly to EMA/CO from MTX. CONCLUSION: Single-agent dactinomycin has activity in patients with low-risk GTD who develop MTX resistance and whose hCG is low. Simplifying the stratification of GTD into two classes (low- and high-risk) does not compromise overall outcome and may reduce the risk of second tumors.
Subsyndromes and symptom clusters: Multilevel factor analysis of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia with intensive longitudinal data
Authors: Pickering Carolyn E. Z. , Winstead Vicki , Yildiz Mustafa , Wang Danny , Yefimova Maria , Pickering Andrew M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONBehavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) are dynamic phenomena with a high amount of intraindividual variability. We applied a multilevel framework to identify subsyndromes (between‐person factors) that represent clinically relevant profiles of BPSD and identify symptom clusters (within‐person factors) that represent contextually driven daily symptom experiences.METHODSThis study used an intensive longitudinal design in which 68 co‐residing family caregivers to persons living with dementia were recruited to proxy report on their care recipient's daily symptom experiences of 23 different BPSD for eight consecutive days (n = 443 diaries). A multilevel exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis was used to account for nested data and separate within‐person variances from between‐level factor estimates.RESULTSExploratory factor analysis identified a 4‐between 3‐within factor structure based on fit statistics and clinical interpretability.DISCUSSIONThis study offers major methodological and conceptual advancements for management of BPSD within Alzheimer's disease and related dementias by introducing two related but distinct concepts of subsyndromes and symptom clusters.Highlights
Because behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are dynamic temporal phenomenon, this introduces measurement error into aggregate group‐level estimates when trying to create subsyndromes. We propose a multilevel analysis to provide a more valid and reliable estimation by separating out variance due to within‐person daily fluctuations.
Using a multilevel exploratory factor analysis with intensive longitudinal data, we identified distinct and meaningful groups of BPSD. The four factors at the between‐person level represented subsyndromes that are based on how BPSD co‐occurred among persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD). These subsyndromes are clinically relevant because they share features of established clinical phenomena and may have similar neurobiological etiologies.
We also found three within‐person factors representing distinct symptom clusters. They are based on how BPSD clustered together on a given day for an individual with AD and related dementias. These clusters may have shared environmental triggers.
Selektive Kupplung von β‐(Borylvinyl)silanen durch eine Gold‐Katalysierte Hiyama‐Reaktion – ein Einfacher Weg zu Diaryl‐Substituierten Vinylboronaten
Authors: Zhang Shan , Wunsch Jonas F. , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDie Verwendung von diarylsubstituierten Vinylboronaten, einer Klasse chemischer Bausteine mit wohlbekanntem synthetischem Nutzen, ist hauptsächlich durch die Schwierigkeiten bei ihrer Herstellung begrenzt. Wir stellen hier eine bequeme synthetische Strategie vor, die auf einer goldkatalysierten Hiyama‐Arylierung von (Z)‐β‐(Borylvinyl)silanen basiert, die durch Hydroborierung von Silylalkinen leicht zugänglich sind. Durch Ausnutzung der hoch elektronegativen Natur des Gold(III)‐Zwischenprodukts (das durch lichtunterstützte Oxidation mit Aryldiazoniumsalzen zugänglich ist) wird eine selektive Aktivierung der Silylgruppe in Gegenwart der Boreinheit erreicht. Dies eröffnet einen Weg zur selektiven Synthese von Diaryl‐substituierten Vinylboronaten. Die Reaktion weist einen breiten Substratbereich, eine ausgezeichnete Toleranz gegenüber funktionellen Gruppen und eine perfekte Chemoselektivität auf. Durch experimentelle Studien und Dichtefunktionaltheorie (DFT)‐Berechnungen konnten wir den Mechanismus der Reaktion aufklären. Das synthetische Potenzial wurde durch nachgeschaltete Transformationen demonstriert, die einen einfachen Weg zu bifunktionellen Phenanthrenen und Triaryl‐substituierten Olefinen bieten.
Oberflächenspannungsmanipulation mit sichtbarem Licht durch sensibilisierte Disäquilibrierung von photoschaltbaren Amphiphilen
Authors: Gemen Julius , Stövesand Bastian , Glorius Frank , Ravoo Bart Jan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDie Isomerisierung von Azoarenen steht im Mittelpunkt zahlreicher Anwendungen, von der Katalyse über die Energiespeicherung bis hin zur Photopharmakologie. Während ein effizienter Wechsel zwischen ihren E‐ und Z‐Isomeren überwiegend mit UV‐Licht erfolgt, haben Klajn und Mitarbeiter in einer kürzlich publizierten Studie die Sensibilisierung von E‐Azoaren mit sichtbarem Licht und ihre anschließende Isomerisierung als ein Werkzeug eingeführt, das als ‚Disequilibration by Sensitization under Confinement (DESC)‘ bezeichnet wird und hohe Ausbeuten des Z‐Isomers erzielt. Dieser Wirt‐Gast‐Ansatz ist jedoch noch immer auf minimal substituierte Azoarene beschränkt und nur begrenzt auf komplexe molekulare Systeme anwendbar. In der vorliegenden Studie erweitern wir DESC für die Assemblierung von Tensiden an der Luft‐Wasser‐Grenzfläche. Wir nutzen unsere Erfahrung mit photoschaltbaren Amphiphilen, um die Oberflächenspannung von Wasser durch reversible Arylazopyrazol‐Isomerisierung erheblich zu verändern. Nachdem wir zunächst die Bindung geladener Tenside an den Wirt untersuchen, stellen wir fest, dass die Unterschiede beider Isomere hinsichtlich ihrer Oberflächenaktivität bei Schaltung mit sichtbarem Licht mit der von UV‐Lichtanregung vergleichbar sind. Die Methode wird für einen großen Konzentrationsbereich demonstriert und kann je nach gewähltem Sensibilisator mit grünem oder rotem Licht durchgeführt werden. Die unkomplizierte Umsetzung der Sensibilisierung durch Photoschalter in einem komplexen molekularen Netzwerk zeigt, wie DESC die Verbesserung bestehender Systeme und die Entwicklung neuer, durch sichtbares Licht angetriebener Anwendungen ermöglicht.
Albuquerque's Water Authority and Parks & Recreation Transform Water Management
Authors: Bustos Carlos A. 
Published: August 2024

Key TakeawaysUS Southwest cities can benefit from innovative conservation approaches to further reduce water demand amid rising population growth and drought driven by climate change.To ensure a resilient water supply, Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority has successfully used adaptive strategies for 30 years to improve consumptive‐use efficiency.The Water Authority's partnership with the city's Parks Department takes a holistic water management approach to meet water supply needs while promoting responsible usage.
A multi‐stimuli‐responsive fluorescence material based on 1,8‐naphthalimide
Authors: Chen Meihui , Li Yi , Tian Haixia , Xie Donghong , Zhu Yuping , Wu Yuanbin , Zhang Xiazhong , Zhu Mingguang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA pair of 1,8‐naphthalimides (NPIs) were designed and successfully synthesized through embellishing amino‐containing NPI with 4‐diethylaminosalicyladehyde and 4‐diethylaminobenzaldehyde, respectively. Their structures were fully confirmed by 1H/13C NMR, HR‐MS and FT‐IR spectroscopic studies. Their photophysical properties were systematically investigated in different solvents of varied polarity, in THF/water mixtures with varying water fractions (fw), and in THF solvent with varying concentrations of NPIs. It inferred that the distinct differences in emission between two NPIs during self‐assembled process could be ascribed that the hydroxyl‐containing NPI allowed the excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer process between ‐OH and CH=N units in the aggregation state. Interestingly, the solid of 4‐diethylaminosalicyladehyde‐functionalized NPI exhibited multi‐stimuli‐responsive fluorescence changes involving mechanofluorochromism and HCl/NH3 vapor stimulus‐induced conversion. However, no remarkable change was observed in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra for the solid of 4‐diethylaminobenzaldehyde‐functionalized NPI under the stimuli of mechanical force and organic solvent.