bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sharpening the anaphase switch
Authors: Meadows John C. , Millar Jonathan B.A. 
Published: January 2015

The segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis is one of the most easily visualized, yet most remarkable, events during the life cycle of a cell. The accuracy of this process is essential to maintain ploidy during cell duplication. Over the past 20 years, substantial progress has been made in identifying components of both the kinetochore and the mitotic spindle that generate the force to move mitotic chromosomes. Additionally, we now have a reasonable, albeit incomplete, understanding of the molecular and biochemical events that are involved in establishing and dissolving sister-chromatid cohesion. However, it is less well-understood how this dissolution of cohesion occurs synchronously on all chromosomes at the onset of anaphase. At the centre of the action is the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that, in association with its activator cell-division cycle protein 20 homologue (Cdc20), is responsible for the destruction of securin. This leads to the activation of separase, a specialized protease that cleaves the kleisin-subunit of the cohesin complex, to relieve cohesion between sister chromatids. APC/C–Cdc20 is also responsible for the destruction of cyclin B and therefore inactivation of the cyclin B–cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1). This latter event induces a change in the microtubule dynamics that results in the movement of sister chromatids to spindle poles (anaphase A), spindle elongation (anaphase B) and the onset of cytokinesis. In the present paper, we review the emerging evidence that multiple, spatially and temporally regulated feedback loops ensure anaphase onset is rapid, co-ordinated and irreversible.
Decoding genomes
Authors: Balasubramanian Shankar 
Published: January 2015

The primary sequence of DNA can be decoded a million times faster and cheaper than it could 20 years ago. This capability is transforming our understanding of biology and has stimulated efforts to influence modern medicine through routine sequencing of human genomes. I describe how Solexa-Illumina sequencing originated from our laboratory and was developed into widely used commercial sequencing platforms. I also discuss examples of how this approach is being employed to exploit genome sequencing for medicine.
Procollagen export from the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Malhotra Vivek , Erlmann Patrik , Nogueira Cristina 
Published: January 2015

Collagens are secreted into the extracellular space where they assemble into a large complex protein network to form basement membrane and extracellular matrix. Collagens are therefore essential for cell attachment, tissue organization and the overall survival of all multicellular organisms. Collagens are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) but they are too big to fit into a conventional coat protein complex II (COPII) transport carrier of 60–90 nm average diameter. How are these molecules exported from the ER and then transported along the secretory pathway? We describe here the involvement of special packing machinery composed of hetero oligomers of transport and Golgi organization 1 (TANGO1) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma-associated antigen 5 (cTAGE5) in the export of procollagen VII from the ER.
Bayesian feature selection for high-dimensional linear regression via the Ising approximation with applications to genomics
Authors: Fisher Charles K. , Mehta Pankaj 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMotivation : Feature selection, identifying a subset of variables that are relevant for predicting a response, is an important and challenging component of many methods in statistics and machine learning. Feature selection is especially difficult and computationally intensive when the number of variables approaches or exceeds the number of samples, as is often the case for many genomic datasets.Results : Here, we introduce a new approach—the Bayesian Ising Approximation (BIA)—to rapidly calculate posterior probabilities for feature relevance in L2 penalized linear regression. In the regime where the regression problem is strongly regularized by the prior, we show that computing the marginal posterior probabilities for features is equivalent to computing the magnetizations of an Ising model with weak couplings. Using a mean field approximation, we show it is possible to rapidly compute the feature selection path described by the posterior probabilities as a function of the L2 penalty. We present simulations and analytical results illustrating the accuracy of the BIA on some simple regression problems. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of the BIA to high-dimensional regression by analyzing a gene expression dataset with nearly 30 000 features. These results also highlight the impact of correlations between features on Bayesian feature selection.Availability and implementation : An implementation of the BIA in C++, along with data for reproducing our gene expression analyses, are freely available at http://physics.bu.edu/∼pankajm/BIACode .Contact : charleskennethfisher@gmail.com or ckfisher@bu.edu or pankajm@bu.eduSupplementary information : Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Changeover Time Reduction through an integration of lean practices: a case study from pharmaceutical sector
Authors: Bevilacqua M. , Ciarapica F.E. , De Sanctis I. , Mazzuto G. , Paciarotti C. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to uncover the significance of quick changeovers in the packaging line of a pharmaceutical company. Using an integration of different lean practices, the study aims to reduce the batch change and changeover time up to 50 per cent, increasing overall equipment effectiveness by 25 per cent.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper gives setup instructions and guidelines for preparing the standardized setup procedure without ignoring the actual constraints in a pharmaceutical company. It uses a case study to generate an integrated setup reduction approach, utilizing single-minute exchange of die tools (SMED) in combination with suppliers, inputs, process, outputs and customers (SIPOC), Kanban, 5S techniques and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) indexes to achieve faster setups.

Findings
– The SMED approach helps the pharmaceutical company to eliminate unwanted activities and to externalize and reduce the internal activities by simplification or standardization. The application of other tools, such as 5S and Kanban tool-kits, allowed the company to optimize the process and reduce the standard deviation of the changeover times. Good manufacturing practice (GMP) procedures of the pharmaceutical sector limit the conversion of internal setup elements to external setup elements.

Originality/value
– The paper demonstrates the practical application of SMED, showing how it can bring real breakthroughs in productivity to a pharmaceutical company. Moreover, in this work, we highlight the importance of an integration of different lean practices to reduce variation in the changeover time. In particular, the standardization of setup tasks and the increased reliability in the material supply chain, in addition to reducing the changeover mean time can also reduce the standard deviation of the setup process time.
Robust optimization approach to production system with failure in rework and breakdown under uncertainty: evolutionary methods
Authors: Rabbani Masoud , Manavizadeh Neda , Hosseini Aghozi Niloofar Sadat 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to consider a multi-site production planning problem with failure in rework and breakdown subject to demand uncertainty.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this new mathematical model, at first, a feasible range for production time is found, and then the model is rewritten considering the demand uncertainty and robust optimization techniques. Here, three evolutionary methods are presented: robust particle swarm optimization, robust genetic algorithm (RGA) and robust simulated annealing with the ability of handling uncertainties. Firstly, the proposed mathematical model is validated by solving a problem in the LINGO environment. Afterwards, to compare and find the efficiency of the proposed evolutionary methods, some large-size test problems are solved.

Findings
– The results show that the proposed models can prepare a promising approach to fulfill an efficient production planning in multi-site production planning. Results obtained by comparing the three proposed algorithms demonstrate that the presented RGA has better and more efficient solutions.

Originality/value
– Considering the robust optimization approach to production system with failure in rework and breakdown under uncertainty.
New Kanban model for tow-train feeding system design
Authors: Bortolini Marco , Ferrari Emilio , Gamberi Mauro , Manzini Riccardo , Regattieri Alberto 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to introduce, apply and validate, through a realistic case study, an analytical cost model to support the design of the tow-train feeding system for mixed-model assembly lines managed according to the just-in-time concept. The fleet size and inventory level, minimizing the total annual cost, are the key model goals, while the tow-train shipping capacity and the service level are the decisional variables to set.

Design/methodology/approach
– The model computes the material handling, inventory and stockout rising costs of the tow-train feeding system and looks for their minimization. It further computes the expected lead time between consecutive round-trips and the Kanban card number, distinguishing among parts and assembly lines, overcoming the simplifying hypothesis assuming a constant lead time for all parts. The model is validated against a dedicated case study stressing its strengths in terms of cost and inventory-level reduction.

Findings
– The proposed approach is found to be effective if compared to the standard literature in the field of Kanban system design. The 10.76 per cent cost saving is experienced for the considered case study, and the inventory level is closer to the field-experienced profile.

Practical implications
– The model adopts a practical perspective, making it easy and applicable to common operative industries.

Originality/value
– The literature neglects to consider the differences in the part consumption when estimating the lead time between tow-train round-trips. The proposed model overcomes such limitations and strengthens the model applicability and performances.
Multi-manned assembly line balancing problem with balanced load density
Authors: Yilmaz Hamid , Yilmaz Mustafa 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is balancing multi-manned assembly lines with load-balancing constraints in addition to conventional ones Most research works about the multi-manned assembly line balancing problems are focused on the conventional industrial measures that minimize total number of workers, number of multi-manned workstations or both.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper provides a remedial constraint for the model to balance task load density for each worker in workstations.

Findings
– Comparisons between the proposed mathematical model and the existing multi-manned mathematical model show a quite promising better task load density performance for the proposed approach.

Originality/value
– In this paper, a mathematical model that combines the minimization of multi-manned stations, worker numbers and difference of task load density of workers is proposed for the first time.
Re-layout of an assembly area: a case study at Bosch Rexroth Oil Control
Authors: Ren Chengyao , Barlotti Carmine , Cohen Yuval , Frangipane Barbara , Garofalo Mario , Cozzari Giulio , Metz Corey 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of the paper is to highlight the considerations and lessons learned from a re-layout project in an assembly area for productivity improvement. The case study took place in Bosch Rexroth Oil Control Nonantola (Italy) with satisfactory results. The paper suggests how to approach reorganization projects with focus on productivity improvements following defined targets.Design/methodology/approach– After an analysis of the initial status, the authors examine several plausible layout alternatives: the main comparison criteria and their weights are defined. Then a scoring/measuring procedure follows for the criteria of each alternative, and the alternatives are compared using principal parameters analysis (PPA).Findings– The paper lists common considerations and lessons learned in the re-layout process. Using the PPA, the authors validate the best solution for the company.Originality/value– This paper shares a valuable experience that is general enough to be shared with many other assembly systems. A unique experience combining re-layout planning, MTM and use of PPA is shared with the readers.
Part-feeding with supermarket in assembly systems: transportation mode selection model and multi-scenario analysis
Authors: Battini D. , Gamberi M. , Persona A. , Sgarbossa F. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The paper aims to focus on in-house part logistics design and management for assembly systems in which supermarket storage is adopted and coupled with an automated transportation system. In this context, this work aims to assess the transportation mode selection problem to speed up the preliminary design phase.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is divided into two main parts. The first one provides and discusses a new conceptual framework derived from the authors’ experience in the field and from previous published works. The framework aims to support managers in problem comprehension by setting three problem sub-phases, key input parameters and qualitative guidelines without losing sight of the big picture. The second part focuses on the transportation mode selection sub-phase by assessing an analytical study followed by a multi-scenario analysis.

Findings
– The final outcome of this work is a decision support matrix capable of setting technical guidelines that are helpful to managers and practitioners to speed up the transportation mode selection problem in the preliminary phases.

Originality/value
– This work is beneficial for supporting managers in understanding the main decisional steps involved in the design of a part-feeding system with a supermarket by discussing the three problem sub-phases and key input parameters and providing both qualitative and quantitative guidelines. Moreover, this study explores the transportation mode selection problem, which is not yet largely explored in the published literature.
Lost in translation
Authors: O'Neill Sharron , McDonald Geoff , Deegan Craig Michael 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to seek to extend the work of Robson (1991, 1992) by exploring the accounting implications of the way in which subsets of non-financial accounting numbers are constructed. In particular, the study investigates whether the different procedures for organising subsets of a set of accounting data may lead to different conclusions about (the same) reality.Design/methodology/approach– The empirical analysis focuses on the procedures by which organisations translate work-related injury outcomes to accounting numbers. First, existing procedures are problematised within their institutional context. This highlights complementary elements of translation and neo-institutional theory that together explain how institutional factors might operate to constrain the problematising process. An empirical analysis of workers’ compensation data covering a ten year period is then conducted to calculate and contrast performance using two competing logics of accounting for injury.Findings– The findings demonstrate that different representations of reality may result not only from accounting choices as to “what” is measured, but also from accounting choices as to “how subsets of measured data are organised”. Specifically, different ways of organising injury data into subsets led to different representations of the reality of overall injury performance. The evidence further suggests taken-for-granted assumptions and institutionalised practices may prevent adequate problematisation of the underpinning logic that guides the procedures for organising translations of work-related injury and illness to accounting numbers.Practical implications– The results suggest the existing logic of accounting for injury fails to recognise the financial or non-financial complexity of non-fatal injury outcomes. “Lost time injury” measures are revealed as neither valid nor reliable measures of injury (or safety) and therefore inappropriate for informing the occupational health and safety (OHS) decisions of managers, boards and external stakeholders. These findings reveal an urgent need for change in injury accounting practice and, in turn, raise serious concerns about the increasingly institutionalised global template for external disclosure of OHS performance information.Originality/value– This paper takes a novel look at the construction of social performance measures and suggests further attention to the construction of accounting subsets is warranted. In demonstrating serious problems in accounting logic that underpin existing, and deeply institutionalised, measurement and reporting practices, the findings reinforce the need to routinely re-problematise accounting practices. Failure to critically review those accounting translations that underpin decision-making may prove a fatal mistake.
A project for Romania? The role of the civil society’s counter-accounts in facilitating democratic change in society
Authors: Apostol Oana Mihaela 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to look more closely, in the context of a given case study, at the role of civil society’s counter-accounts in facilitating democratic change in society, as an essential goal of an emancipatory and radical social accounting project.Design/methodology/approach– A case study of a Canadian company’s plans to open a gold mine in western Romania is here analysed. Civil society’s opposition to the mining project gave rise to an unprecedented social movement contesting the project’s utility for Romanian society. The role played by counter-accounts produced by civil society groups is investigated.Findings– Counter-accounts produced by civil society played multiple roles in the case study analysed. First, counter-accounts indicated the failure of corporate reports to present the gold mining project in a balanced manner. Second, counter-accounts were successful in problematizing the corporate approach to addressing the social, cultural and environmental impacts of the project, while also nurturing societal debate on these issues. Third, counter-accounts exposed the ideological inclinations of state institutions to favour economic interests over the social, cultural and environmental ones. As a result of these contributions, even if the counter-accounts were subjective, this study claims that they form a good basis for the development of emancipatory accounting.Research limitations/implications– Limitations associated with an interpretative approach and case study research apply.Originality/value– The paper illustrates the potential of civil society’s counter accounts to enable societal debates, as means towards democratic, transformative change.
Human depreciation accounting and the emergence of industrial pensions
Authors: Himick Darlene 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the accounting notion of “human depreciation” helped the defined benefit pension plan emerge as the dominant means of dealing with an aging workforce in the first half of twentieth century USA.Design/methodology/approach– The study examines historical material to identify the intersection of several different practices and knowledges that came together in the early decades of the 1900s to permit human depreciation in 1949 to be used to formally link aging employees to their employers.Findings– In the early part of the twentieth century, humans and machines were constructed as parts of a single productive system, human traits were studied in order to increase their machine-like capacities, in the hope of creating a more efficient industrial economy. At the same time, fatigue associated with this industrial nation was constructing the older worker as subject to decline, hence opening the door to a linkage to physical and economic depreciation.Social implications– Reveals that the language of accounting can be utilized by non-accountants and outside organizational boundaries to effect public policy and play a constitutive role. Thus, who is able to use accounting conventions is important in understanding how accounting shapes social settings.Originality/value– “Human depreciation”, used by the Steel Industry Board in 1949 to assign responsibility to employers for the depreciation of their human assets, has been left unexamined despite being cited as one of the greatest contributors to the growth of industrial pensions in the USA. The study examines accounting as an interface among and between the organizational and “non-accounting” spheres.
Lobbying: a critical dimension of business strategy
Authors: Scott Clifford D. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to prepare executives to pilot a US lobbying effort within the bounds of the US Federal law. Lobbying law may be thought of as the “regulation of regulation”, as it defines the ground rules for those wishing to have a direct impact upon all other regulatory systems. The article outlines what the US lobbying law requires, what it forbids and, perhaps most important, what the law does NOT regulate.Design/methodology/approach– The paper takes the full spectrum of US laws and regulations relevant to lobbying – including the Internal Revenue Service Code (tax code), the Federal Election Campaign Act, the Ethics in Government Act, the internal rules of both the House and Senate, the US Criminal Code and the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act – and organizes them into a single 2 × 2 matrix, explaining what all parties must do as well as what they must not do. Via this approach, the rules that govern the “marketplace” for lobbying in the USA are explained. The competition to shape US government policy transpires within this marketplace.Findings– Few activities the executive may engage in carry the potential payback of a well-executed lobbying campaign: empirical estimates range to returns on investment in the thousands of per cent. But the uninitiated may easily step over the line and invite both legal and public relations (PR) nightmares.Practical implications– Effective lobbying can afford a corporation or industry a lasting competitive advantage. Every well-rounded business strategy should include such a component, and every well-rounded executive should be capable of performing in this arena. A solid grounding in the legal matrix forming the boundaries of this activity is a prerequisite for effective performance.Originality/value– The paper organizes and outlines lobbying law in a fashion digestible by executives without legal training. It is of value to anyone wishing to engage in lobbying activities targeted at the US Government.