bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Mediated C—H Bond Functionalization: One‐Pot to Construct Substituted Indolizines from 2‐Alkylazaarenes with Alkynes.
Authors: Tan Xian‐chun , Liang Ying , Bao Fang‐ping , Wang Heng‐shan , Pan Ying‐ming 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe reaction between (Ia) and the aliphatic alkynes oct‐1‐yne or oct‐4‐yne yields the corresponding products in trace amounts only.
ChemInform Abstract: Cooperative Activation of Cyclobutanones and Olefins Leads to Bridged Ring Systems by a Catalytic [4 + 2] Coupling.
Authors: Ko Haye Min , Dong Guangbin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA Rh‐catalyzed intramolecular Diels—Alder reaction of cyclobutanones tethered with an olefin leads to a variety of bicyclic ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Troeger′s Bases Bearing Groups Sensitive to Reduction.
Authors: Havlik Martin , Dolensky Bohumil , Jakubek Milan , Kral Vladimir 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA simple procedure is elaborated for the preparation of Troeger′s bases (VI) and (XI) by reaction of N‐Boc‐monoprotected diamines (IV) and (X) with paraformaldehyde in TFA.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Base Catalysts for the Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide to Quinazoline‐2,4(1H,3H)‐diones.
Authors: Zhao Ya‐Nan , Yu Bing , Yang Zhen‐Zhen , He Liang‐Nian 
Published: January 2015

Abstract1,5,7‐Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene‐functionalized Fe3O4 is found to be an efficient and recyclable magnetic heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of various quinazoline‐2,4(1H,3H)‐diones (III) by fixation of CO2 with 2‐aminobenzonitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: Scandium‐Catalyzed Tandem Selective Oxirane Ring‐Opening/Friedel—Crafts Alkylation: A Facile Access to [1,4]Oxazino[4,3‐a]indoles and 3,4‐Dihydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[2,1‐c][1,4]oxazines.
Authors: Wei Lai , Liu Lu , Zhang Junliang 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIndole and pyrrole oxiranes are converted to oxazines in the presence of scandium triflate in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 11‐Aza‐artemisinin Derivatives Using the Ugi Reaction and an Evaluation of Their Antimalarial Activity.
Authors: Nguyen Le Thanh , De Borggraeve Wim M. , Grellier Philippe , Pham Van Cuong , Dehaen Wim , Nguyen Van Hung 
Published: January 2015

AbstractUgi reaction of 11‐aza‐artemisinin with amines, paraformaldehyde and benzyl isocyanide provides the adducts (V).
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Addition of Silyl Enol Ethers to Nitrones Catalyzed by Mesoporous Aluminosilicate.
Authors: Ito Suguru , Kubota Yoshihiro , Asami Masatoshi 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAn additional experiment reveals that the silylenolether reacts with the nitrone chemoselectively even in the presence of aldehydes or acetals.
ChemInform Abstract: An Approach to the Selenobromination of Aryl(thienyl)alkynes: Access to 3‐Bromobenzo[b]selenophenes and Selenophenothiophenes.
Authors: Paegle Edgars , Belyakov Sergey , Arsenyan Pavel 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA novel method for the cyclization of phenylalkyne derivatives (I) and (III) by selenobromination is developed to produce a variety of 3‐bromobenzo[b]selenophenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Torgov Cyclization: A Concise Total Synthesis of (+)‐Estrone.
Authors: Prevost Sebastien , Dupre Nathalie , Leutzsch Markus , Wang Qinggang , Wakchaure Vijay , List Benjamin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe highly Broensted acidic catalyst BIAC is used in the title reaction to produce various steroid derivatives and analogous ring systems under slightly modified conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Access to α‐Substituted Functional Aspartic Acid Derivatives by a [3 + 2] Strategy Employing a Chiral Dienophile.
Authors: Ben Ayed Kawther , Beauchard Anne , Poisson Jean‐Francois , Py Sandrine , Laurent Mathieu Y. , Martel Arnaud , Ammar Houcine , Abid Souhir , Dujardin Gilles 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe first example of a high facial selective [3 + 2] cycloaddition employing chiral vinyl ethers as dipolarophile and nitrones as dipoles is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation, Structure Determination and Cytotoxicity Studies of Tryptophan Alkaloids from an Australian Marine Sponge Hyrtios sp.
Authors: Khokhar Shahan , Feng Yunjiang , Campitelli Marc R. , Ekins Merrick G. , Hooper John N. A. , Beattie Karren D. , Sadowski Martin C. , Nelson Colleen C. , Davis Rohan A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTwo new tryptophan alkaloids, 6‐oxofascaplysin (I) and secofascaplysic acid (II), are isolated together with the known metabolites fascaplysin and reticulatate.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Preparation and Magnetic Properties of NaFeSi2O6: Nanowires vs Bulk Samples.
Authors: Zhou Shiliang , Zeier Wolfgang G. , Kemei Moureen C. , Sougrati Moulay T. , Mecklenburg Matthew , Melot Brent C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe title nanowires are hydrothermally synthesized with a yield of several hundred milligrams from aqueous mixtures of Fe(NO3)3, SiO2, and NaOH (autoclave, 160—220 °C, 14 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Barbituric Acids as a Useful Tool for the Construction of Coordination and Supramolecular Compounds
Authors: Mahmudov Kamran T. , Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Maharramov Abel M. , Kurbanova Malahat M. , Gurbanov Atash V. , Pombeiro Armando J. L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractReview: 234 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of gem‐Difluoromethylenated Compounds Employing α,α‐Difluoro‐α‐phenylsulfanyl‐α‐trimethylsilylme thane (PhSCF2SiM3) as a gem‐Difluoromethylene Building Block
Authors: Soorukram Darunee , Kuhakarn Chutima , Reutrakul Vichai , Pohmakotr Manat 
Published: January 2015

AbstractReview: [23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Monolithic Cells for Solar Fuels.
Authors: Ronge Jan , Bosserez Tom , Martel David , Nervi Carlo , Boarino Luca , Taulelle Francis , Decher Gero , Bordiga Silvia , Martens Johan A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractReview: design of photoelectrochemical cells that combine water oxidation and CO2 reduction; 50 refs.
Gene expression profiling of Ewing sarcoma tumours reveals the prognostic importance of tumour–stromal interactions: a report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Volchenboum Samuel L. , Andrade Jorge , Huang Lei , Barkauskas Donald A. , Krailo Mark , Womer Richard B. , Ranft Andreas , Potratz Jenny , Dirksen Uta , Triche Timothy J. , Lawlor Elizabeth R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRelapse of Ewing sarcoma (ES) can occur months or years after initial remission, and salvage therapy for relapsed disease is usually ineffective. Thus, there is great need to develop biomarkers that can predict which patients are at risk for relapse so that therapy and post‐therapy evaluation can be adjusted accordingly. For this study, we performed whole genome expression profiling on two independent cohorts of clinically annotated ES tumours in an effort to identify and validate prognostic gene signatures. ES specimens were obtained from the Children's Oncology Group and whole genome expression profiling performed using Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST arrays. Lists of differentially expressed genes between survivors and non‐survivors were used to identify prognostic gene signatures. An independent cohort of tumours from the Euro‐Ewing cooperative group was similarly analysed as a validation cohort. Unsupervised clustering of gene expression data failed to segregate tumours based on outcome. Supervised analysis of survivors versus non‐survivors revealed a small number of differentially expressed genes and several statistically significant gene signatures. Gene‐specific enrichment analysis demonstrated that integrin and chemokine genes were associated with survival in tumours where stromal contamination was present. Tumours that did not harbour stromal contamination showed no association of any genes or pathways with clinical outcome. Our results reflect the challenges of performing RNA‐based assays on archived bone tumour specimens. In addition, they reveal a key role for tumour stroma in determining ES prognosis. Future biological and clinical investigations should focus on elucidating the contribution of tumour:micro‐environment interactions on ES progression and response to therapy.
Distribution of the creatine transporter throughout the human brain reveals a spectrum of creatine transporter immunoreactivity
Authors: Lowe Matthew T.J. , Faull Richard L.M. , Christie David L. , Waldvogel Henry J. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTCreatine is a molecule that supports energy metabolism in cells. It is carried across the plasma membrane by the creatine transporter. There has been recent interest in creatine for its neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases and its potential as a therapeutic agent. This study represents the first systematic investigation of the distribution of the creatine transporter in the human brain. We have used immunohistochemical techniques to map out its location and the intensity of staining. The transporter was found to be strongly expressed, especially in the large projection neurons of the brain and spinal cord. These include the pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex, Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex, and motor neurons of the somatic motor and visceromotor cranial nerve nuclei and the ventral horn of the spinal cord. Many other neurons in the brain also had some degree of creatine transporter immunoreactivity. By contrast, the medium spiny neurons of the striatum and the catecholaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus, which are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, showed a very low to almost absent level of immunoreactivity for the transporter. We propose that the distribution may reflect the energy consumption by different cell types and that the extent of creatine transporter expression is proportional to the cell's energy requirements. Furthermore, the distribution indicates that supplemented creatine would be widely taken up by brain cells, although possibly less by those cells that degenerate in Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:699–725, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early development of the neural plate: New roles for apoptosis and for one of its main effectors caspase‐3
Authors: Juraver‐Geslin Hugo A. , Durand Béatrice C. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryDespite its tremendous complexity, the vertebrate nervous system emerges from a homogenous layer of neuroepithelial cells, the neural plate. Its formation relies on the time‐ and space‐controlled progression of developmental programs. Apoptosis is a biological process that removes superfluous and potentially dangerous cells and is implemented through the activation of a molecular pathway conserved during evolution. Apoptosis and an unconventional function of one of its main effectors, caspase‐3, contribute to the patterning and growth of the neuroepithelium. Little is known about the intrinsic and extrinsic cues controlling activities of the apoptotic machinery during development. The BarH‐like (Barhl) proteins are homeodomain‐containing transcription factors. The observations in Caenorhabditis elegans, Xenopus, and mice document that Barhl proteins act in cell survival and as cell type‐specific regulators of a caspase‐3 function that limits neural progenitor proliferation. In this review, we discuss the roles and regulatory modes of the apoptotic machinery in the development of the neural plate. We focus on the Barhl2, the Sonic Hedgehog, and the Wnt pathways and their activities in neural progenitor survival and proliferation. genesis 53:203–224, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender‐specific plasma proteomic biomarkers in patients with Anderson–Fabry disease
Authors: Hollander Zsuzsanna , Dai Darlene L.Y. , Putko Brendan N. , Yogasundaram Haran , Wilson‐McManus Janet E. , Thompson Richard B. , Khan Aneal , West Michael L. , McManus Bruce M. , Oudit Gavin Y. 
Published: January 2015

AimsAnderson–Fabry disease (AFD) is an important X‐linked metabolic disease resulting in progressive end‐organ involvement, with cardiac disease being the dominant determinant of survival in a gender‐dependent manner. Recent epidemiological screening for AFD suggests the prevalence is much higher than previously recognized, with estimates of 1:3000. Our aim was to discover novel plasma biomarker signatures in adult patients with AFD.Methods and resultsWe used an unbiased proteomic screening approach to discover novel plasma biomarker signatures. In the discovery cohort of 46 subjects, 14 healthy controls and 32 patients with AFD, we used a mass spectrometry iTRAQ proteomic approach followed by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) assays to identify biomarkers. Of the 38 protein groups discovered by iTRAQ, 18 already had existing MRM assays. Based on MRM, we identified an eight‐protein biomarker panel (22 kDa protein, afamin, α1 antichymotrypsin, apolipoprotein E, β‐Ala His dipeptidase, haemoglobin α‐2, isoform 1 of sex hormone‐binding globulin, and peroxiredoxin 2) that was very specific and sensitive for male AFD patients. In female AFD patients, we identified a nine‐marker panel of proteins with only three proteins, apolipoprotein E, haemoglobin α‐2, and peroxiredoxin 2, common to both genders, suggesting a gender‐specific alteration in plasma biomarkers in patients with AFD. The biomarkers were validated in plasma samples from 48 subjects using MRM, and they performed inferiorly in patients with heart failure.ConclusionsWe have identified gender‐specific plasma protein biomarker panels that are specific and sensitive for the AFD phenotype. The gender‐specific panels offer important insight into potential differences in pathophysiology and prognosis between males and females with AFD.
Osteology and ontogeny of the wrymouths, genus Cryptacanthodes (Cottiformes: Zoarcoidei: Cryptacanthodidae)
Authors: Schnell Nalani K. , Hilton Eric J. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTCover illustration. Cryptacanthodes maculatus (Cryptacanthodidae), caudal skeleton. Cryptacanthodidae are eel‐like, burrowing fishes distributed in the cold‐temperate coastal waters of the North Pacific and the western North Atlantic. In this issue of the Journal of Morphology, Schnell and Hilton (pp. 185–208 10.1002/jmor.20331) describe the osteology and aspects of the ontogenetic skeletal development of two Cryptacanthodes species and discuss the phylogenetic relationships of Cryptacanthodidae among other zoarcoid families.
On the controlling factors for the variability of carbon dioxide flux in a heterogeneous urban environment
Authors: Lietzke Björn , Vogt Roland , Feigenwinter Christian , Parlow Eberhard 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTLocal heterogeneity of CO2 sources and sinks is a key factor for the variability of carbon dioxide flux (FC) in urban areas. Information on the urban structure around a site, especially the related emission characteristics, is thus of great importance to the understanding of observed FC. Strong spatially confined sources like major roads inhibit a direct correlation of FC to area‐averaged features of the urban structure and may lead to a heavily biased signal.Four years of FC measured at Basel Aeschenplatz, Switzerland, are analysed with respect to the controlling factors and the cause for variability on different time scales. The source area is segregated into equal sectors to address heterogeneous emission patterns. Residential areas to the east are bordered by business areas and major roads to the west, which leads to a fundamental dependence of FC on wind direction. Besides, its diurnal course is explainable with traffic emissions while its annual course follows heating‐related combustion emissions. Vegetation fraction is rather considered to be an indicator for urban land use types (residential/business) and the attributable emission characteristics than to be a measure for biological sink effects. Inter‐annual variability occurs as a result of anomalies in wind direction patterns or air temperature. Average yearly FC is 16.4 µmol m–2s–1 with slight variations (±0.55 µmol m–2s–1) over the 4 years. It likely originates from an average of 70% traffic and 30% heating‐related emissions with significant sectoral differences.As a continuous measure for the emissions of each sector, the expected CO2 flux (eFC) per sector is introduced, leading to an enhanced comparability. Relating sectoral eFC instead of FC to urban surface fractions of buildings and vegetation results in a better agreement (also with data from other studies).
Simultaneous determination of tebuconazole, trifloxystrobin, and its metabolite trifloxystrobin acid residues in gherkin under field conditions
Authors: Paramasivam Mariappan , Selvi Chellamuthu , Deepa Manthirachalam , Jayaprakash Samiyannan A. , Chandrasekaran Subramanian 
Published: January 2015

A rapid, simple, and selective analytical method for the simultaneous determination of tebuconazole, trifloxystrobin, and its metabolite trifloxystrobin acid residues in gherkin and soil was developed and validated by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up by dispersive solid‐phase extraction with primary secondary amine sorbent. The limit of quantification of the method was 0.05 mg/kg for all three compounds. The method was validated using blank samples spiked at three levels and recoveries ranged from 83.5 to 103.8% with a relative standard deviation of 1.2 to 4.8%. The developed method was validated and applied for the analysis of a degradation study sample. The residues of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole were found to dissipate following first‐order kinetics with half‐life ranging between 3.31–3.38 and 3.0–3.04 days, respectively, for two different dosages. Pesticide residues were below the European Union maximum residue level after seven days for trifloxystrobin (0.2 mg/kg) and ten days for tebuconazole (0.05 mg/kg), which suggested the use of this fungicide mixture to be safe to humans. These results can be utilized in formulating the spray schedule and safety evaluation on trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole in gherkin crop.
Studies on Electrical Properties of Hybrid Polymeric Gate Dielectrics for Field Effect Transistors
Authors: Dastan Davoud , Gosavi Suresh W. , Chaure Nandu B. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryThe miniaturization of field effect transistor (FET) has been reached to the saturation due to further decrease in the thickness of SiO2 gate dielectrics. The polymeric gate dielectrics have been attracted considerable attention to the development of organic field effect transistors onto indium tin‐oxide (ITO) substrates. The polymeric gate dielectrics such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Poly‐4‐vinylphenol (PVP) have low dielectric constants; however by introducing inorganic oxides, viz TiO2, ZnO, HfO etc, the dielectric constant can be increased. The PVA cross linked with ammonium dichromate (PVAad) was spun onto ITO substrates. TiO2 nanoparticles were incorporated into PVAad solution and the resultant films were irradiated by ultraviolet irradiation for different time durations. PVA/TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) hybrid composite thin films were prepared using sol‐gel spin coating technique. TiO2 NPs were prepared using different surfactants such as acetic acid (AA), oleic acid (OA), oley amine (OM), and a mixture of OA/OM by solvothermal route. MIS (ITO/ (PVA + TiO2)/Au) structure was fabricated by evaporatoring Au electrode. The electrical measurements, capacitance‐voltage (C‐V) measurements were performed using two probe measurement setup. We found that the dielectric constant of PVA + TiO2 film was systematically tailored from (2 – 3.4) for PVA to approximately (5.6–6.9) for PVA + TiO2 nanoparticles.
Aggregation of ZnO Nanocrystallites Using Polyol Process for Dye (Reactive Red) Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Inamdar Yusuf , Beedri Niyamat , Kodam Kisan , Shaikh Arif , Pathan Habib 
Published: January 2015

SummaryIn the present study, ZnO has been successfully synthesized using polyol mediated process at low temperature and doctor blade method was adopted for photoelectrode preparation. The ZnO samples possesses network of aggregated sphere like morphology having crystallite size around 15 nm. The surface morphology and crystal structure were characterized by using Scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray Diffraction, respectively. Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) using ZnO photoanode is fabricated and characterized. The low cost organic textile dye (reactive red 141) used as a sensitizer in the fabrication of DSSC. The absorbance spectra of this dye have been investigated by UV‐visible spectrophotometry. Photovoltaic parameters such as short circuit current density Jsc, open circuit voltage Voc and Fill Factor were determined.
Formulation and Characterization of Propranolol Nanoparticles for Transmucosal Nasal Drug Delivery
Authors: Nag Payal , Rajput Rashi , Dhaliwal Sonam , Kumar Sachin , Prajapat Deepak , Singh Manisha 
Published: January 2015

SummaryEssential hypertension remains a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) despite important advances in our understanding of its pathophysiology and the availability of effective treatment strategies. Available evidences and researches favour the utility of non selective beta‐adrenergic receptor blocking agents. Propranolol belongs to this class and is indicated for treatment of hypertension. Owing to its low bioavailability (26%) and extensive hepatic metabolism, reduction in absorption and elaborative side effects in patients, it is not assumed as an ideal drug candidate for oral drug delivery. Hence, it would be beneficial if it is given through an alternate route, bypassing gastro‐ intestinal degradation, for faster therapeutic effect, enhanced bioavailability and less dosage. To address these issues, transmucosal nasal drug delivery promises as an interesting alternative. The objective of this study was to develop propranolol nanoparticles for transmucosal nasal drug delivery through ionic gelation method. The Particle size analysis, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies confirmed a nanometric size range of nanoparticles below 200 nm, with nearly spherical morphology. Moreover, rheological parameters indicated a good stability of the optimised nanoparticle formulation. In‐vitro drug release and cytotoxicity results showed sustained release of the drug till 24 hours along with less cytotoxicity.
Photo Luminescence (PL) and Electroluminescence (EL) Spectra in ZnS: Dy and ZnS:(Mn,Dy) Phosphors
Authors: Mishra A.K. , Mishra S.K. , Pandey S.P. , Mishra Kshama Lakshmi 
Published: January 2015

SummaryZnS:Dy and (ZnS:Mn,Dy) phosphors have been prepared in an inert atmosphere of pure nitrogen gas at about (950 ± 20) °C. The photo luminescent (PL) and electroluminescent (EL) and spectra of these phosphors have been studied at room temperature. The purpose of this work is to know in what ways the spectraal characteristics of ZnS phosphors are affected by the introduction of Dy3+ and Mn2+ ions and also to determine unambiguously the electronic transitions involved in the energy transfer.
Band Gap Tailoring of Ni Doped Ternary Semiconductors for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Sahu Mitali , Singh Pramod K. , Pandey S. P. , Bhattacharya B. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryPresent paper reports the modification in band gap and structure of CdS(∼2.4 eV) and formation of a new ternary semiconducting material. The band gap tailoring is done by preparing a mixed lattice with different concentration of a low‐band‐gap material, NiS­­ (∼0.8 eV), which leads to the formation of new set of materials. New ternary, having tunable band gap has potential application in photovoltaic devices. The optical‐absorption studies showed shift in band edge towards higher wavelength. The band gap calculation was done using Tauc relation, which showed that with variation of x in Cd(1‐x)NixS, band gap could be tailored as low as ∼1.7 eV for x = 0.05. Larger concentration of Ni may yield further shift in band gap.