bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Change in a Personality Profile
Authors: Gore Jonathan S. , Cross Susan E. , Russell Daniel W. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
We tested the validity of 6 methods (mean difference, variance difference, bivariate, profile agreement, pattern similarity, and intraclass) to assess change in a personality profile. During their first 2 months of college, 372 students completed reactive and spontaneous measures of their personality. Eight weeks later, 300 returned to complete a second set of the same measures and noted change in their spontaneous personality list. Sixty participants returned during their second semester to complete a third set of assessments. The bivariate and intraclass change coefficients showed consistent convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity across time points. Recommendations and caveats for using these coefficients are discussed.
Automation in haemostasis
Authors: Méndez A. , Brunner-Agten S. , Huber A. R. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryAutomatia, an ancient Greece goddess of luck who makes things happen by themselves and on her own will without human engagement, is present in our daily life in the medical laboratory. Automation has been introduced and perfected by clinical chemistry and since then expanded into other fields such as haematology, immunology, molecular biology and also coagulation testing. The initial small and relatively simple standalone instruments have been replaced by more complex systems that allow for multitasking. Integration of automated coagulation testing into total laboratory automation has become possible in the most recent years. Automation has many strengths and opportunities if weaknesses and threats are respected. On the positive side, standardization, reduction of errors, reduction of cost and increase of throughput are clearly beneficial. Dependence on manufacturers, high initiation cost and somewhat expensive maintenance are less favourable factors. The modern lab and especially the todays lab technicians and academic personnel in the laboratory do not add value for the doctor and his patients by spending lots of time behind the machines. In the future the lab needs to contribute at the bedside suggesting laboratory testing and providing support and interpretation of the obtained results. The human factor will continue to play an important role in testing in haemostasis yet under different circumstances.
Boire et écrire chez Deleuze, Duras, Bukowski et Chinaski : entre création et transgression
Authors: Boukala Mouloud 
Published: March 2013

Cet article interroge les liens entre l’acte de boire et celui d’écrire en philosophie (Gilles Deleuze), en littérature (Marguerite Duras et Charles Bukowski) et au cinéma (Barbet Schroeder). Son but est double : d’une part, montrer si la prise d’alcool met en oeuvre, catalyse ou favorise d’une quelconque manière l’acte de création et, d’autre part, examiner comment l’alcool, porté à l’écran, traduit à la fois un état du corps et un aspect d’une identité sociale – acceptée ou marginalisée – selon les contextes géographiques (France et États-Unis).
La démarche adoptée, résolument comparative, s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une anthropologie des médias. Cette dernière vise la description puis l’analyse de processus situés à l’intersection du ressenti (perçu, vécu) et du représenté. Cet article examine aussi bien les activités (créatrices et prises compulsives d’alcool) que leurs représentations lors d’une entrevue filmée (L’abécédaire de Gilles Deleuze, 1996), de deux émissions de télévision (Apostrophes, 1984 et 1988) et d’une adaptation cinématographique (Barfly, 1987).
Pour chaque auteur abordé, une réflexion autour de la dipsomanie est menée. Elle privilégie les activités créatrices par l’écriture en lien avec la prise d’alcool. Dans un premier temps, l’acte de boire est scruté avec minutie afin d’en dégager certaines spécificités (la quantité, l’évaluation, le sacrifice, l’illusion de la création, la résistance), puis l’étude de ces conduites addictives donne à comprendre comment elles affectent l’ensemble des relations sociales de ces auteurs. Pour chaque corpus étudié, des éléments saillants et des enjeux anthropologiques qui ressortent de ces pratiques éthyliques et créatrices sont mis en lumière en vue d’une analyse comparative.
Conception africaine de la vie et du temps
Authors: Soede Nathanaël Yaovi 
Published: March 2013

Cet article va au-delà des clichés afro-pessimistes. Sa réflexion anthropologique et théologique montre que la conception africaine de la vie et du temps, articulée autour de la catégorie de « l’être-vie », enrichit celle des autres peuples de l’humanité. Synonyme de la vie, le temps nous invite à l’espérance, à l’inventivité et à faire vibrer le monde au rythme de la vie, de la Vie faite chair…
Changes in Use of Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United States During 1983–2009
Authors: Kim Seoyoung C. , Yelin Ed , Tonner Chris , Solomon Daniel H. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveUse of nonbiologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and/or biologic DMARDs is generally recommended to improve the prognosis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to describe the changing trends in DMARD use for RA over the past 2 decades.MethodsWe analyzed data from an open longitudinal cohort of RA patients recruited from rheumatologists' practices in northern California. We examined baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants and their long‐term DMARD use through annual comprehensive structured telephone interviews.ResultsA total of 1,507 established RA patients were recruited through 5 enrollment periods between 1983 and 2009. Between 1983 and 2009, the use of any DMARD increased from 71% of all patients to 83% (P for trend < 0.0001). In 2009, 43% received a biologic DMARD, 34% were on both nonbiologic and biologic DMARDs, and 40% were treated with only nonbiologic DMARDs. The 4 most commonly used nonbiologic DMARDs in 2009 were methotrexate (49%), hydroxychloroquine (30%), leflunomide (13%), and sulfasalazine (7%). Etanercept (20%) was the most commonly used biologic DMARD in 2009, followed by infliximab (10%), adalimumab (9%), and abatacept (6%). Use of oral steroids was common (40–50%) and remained similar throughout the study period.ConclusionThere has been a significant increase in the use of DMARDs for RA over the past 2 decades. However, 15% of the individuals with a clinical diagnosis of RA were not receiving DMARDs in 2009. Future research should focus on sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with DMARD use for RA.
Mortality Among Workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Authors: Richardson David B. , Wing Steve , Keil Alexander , Wolf Susanne 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundWorkers employed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) were potentially exposed to a range of chemical and physical hazards, many of which are poorly characterized. We compared the observed deaths among workers to expectations based upon US mortality rates.MethodsThe cohort included 22,831 workers hired between January 1, 1943 and December 31, 1984. Vital status and cause of death information were ascertained through December 31, 2008. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were computed separately for males and females using US and Tennessee mortality rates; SMRs for men were tabulated separately for monthly‐, weekly‐, and hourly‐paid workers.ResultsHourly‐paid males had more deaths due to cancer of the pleura (SMR = 12.09, 95% CI: 4.44, 26.32), cancer of the bladder (SMR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.71), and leukemia (SMR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.93) than expected based on US mortality rates. Female workers also had more deaths than expected from cancer of the bladder (SMR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.69) and leukemia (SMR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.36). The pleural cancer excess has only appeared since the 1980s, approximately 40 years after the start of operations. The bladder cancer excess was larger among workers who also had worked at other Oak Ridge nuclear weapons facilities, while the leukemia excess was among people who had not worked at other DOE facilities.ConclusionsOccupational hazards including asbestos and ionizing radiation may contribute to these excesses. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:725–732, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Upper airway inflammation exacerbates bronchial hyperreactivity in mouse models of rhinosinusitis and allergic asthma
Authors: Liang Kai‐Li , Jiang Rong‐San , Wang Ren‐Ching , Koo Malcolm , Chen Shyh‐Chang , Huang Wan‐Chun , Yeh Yueh‐Chiao 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundRecent studies have suggested that upper airway inflammation has a strong impact on lower airway diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess whether nasal inflammation could exacerbate allergic asthma in a mouse model.MethodsMice were assigned to 4 groups: control (Cont), either rhinosinusitis (R) or allergic asthma (A) alone, and both rhinosinusitis and allergic asthma (R&A). Mice underwent induction of nasal inflammation (R and R&A) or sham surgery (Cont and A) on day 1. Mice in the A and R&A groups were sensitized to ovalbumin on days 1, 7, and 14, followed by aerosol challenge on days 18 to 20, whereas in the Cont and R groups only saline was administered. All mice were assessed for airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and were euthanized on day 21. The sera, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs), and nasal and lung tissues were collected for further analyses.ResultsHistology findings confirmed upper and lower airway inflammation in experimental mice. Significantly increased AHR and total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were observed in the R&A group when compared with those of the Cont, R, and A groups. Responses to IgG2a induction were also found in sera and BALFs from mice with rhinosinusitis (R and R&A). Higher levels of interleukin 4 (IL‐4) and IL‐13, and increased eosinophilic inflammation were detected in BALFs and lung tissues from the experimental groups when compared with those from the Cont group.ConclusionOur results confirm that upper airway inflammation could exacerbate allergic asthma, and provide support to the concept of “one airway, one disease.
Frontal polymerization preparation of poly(acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid)/activated carbon composite hydrogels for dye removal
Authors: Li Shengfang , Huang Hongping , Tao Min , Liu Xianli , Cheng Tao 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA series of poly(acrylic acid‐co‐acrylamide) (PAA)/activated carbon (AC) composite hydrogels were rapidly prepared via frontal polymerization (FP). It was found that an increase in the concentration of AC caused an increase in the front velocity (Vf) and the highest front temperature (Tmax). It may be attributed to that AC particles could increase the liquid viscosity of reaction mixture and remain the reaction heat during FP. The Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that AC particles had entered the hydrogel network, and many spherical AC particles with an average diameter of 0.5–1 μm had been dispersed homogeneously in the PAA hydrogel matrix. The swelling behavior showed that the equilibrium swelling values of hydrogels increased when the concentration of AC particles increased. Adsorption studies showed that incorporation of AC particles into PAA hydrogel matrix could increase the sites of interaction between the hydrogels and crystal violet molecules and result in an increase of adsorption capacities of hydrogels toward dyes. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Philosophie der Wissenschaftskunst. Philosophiehistorische Beobachtungen zur Bedeutung von Regeln des wissenschaftlichen Sprechens
Authors: Kupka Thomas 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPhilosophy of the Art of Science. Historical Remarks on the Significance of Rules in Scientific Language. This paper undertakes first steps toward a ‘Philosophy of the Art of Science’ from a History of Science and Philosophy of Language perspective. Traditionally it is understood that Philosophy of Science assesses science as to the validity of its methods and to the question of how it is that we hold its claims to be true. However, the range of presuppositions here is considerable: Roughly, it spans from Gottlob Frege's ‘The True’ (das Wahre) as the aim of scientific inquiry on the one end, to Paul Feyerabend's pluralistic understanding of science in a democratic society on the other. Despite this profound difference, however, we can nonetheless detect some similarity between them. Both hold science to be a normative endeavor: Frege thinks we ought to strive for true thoughts as somewhat independent ontological entities; Feyerabend thinks we ought to strive for a pragmatic humanism that takes the historicity of our knowledge into account. But while Frege ventured to show that natural language can benefit from insights drawn from the normative logic of formalized languages, Feyerabend discounted the idea of formalized language altogether, but with no less normative verve in regard to our scientific concept formation. Hence the combining question is whether scientific concept formation is indeed a rule‐governed behavior, or, put more generally, whether semantic content as such is normative. Guided by this question, the present paper draws a line from Frege through Russell, Wittgenstein, Carnap, and Quine, to those authors who follow or refute Saul Kripke's Wittgensteinian notion of semantic normativity in the most recent discussion of today. However, the paper does not proceed chronologically, but rather thematically along the major lines of argument. Hence after a brief survey of Feyerabend's philosophy of scientific concept formation (I), we explore Frege and his legacy on semantic normativity (II), and investigate the route that eventually led to present day semantic rule‐skepticism (III). We conclude with Carnap's ‘Principle of Tolerance’ combined with Feyerabend's notion of Science as an Art, parallels of which we can even find in Kant's third Critique (IV).
Highly luminescent hybrid SiO2‐coated CdTe quantum dots: synthesis and properties
Authors: Liu Ning , Yang Ping 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTNovel hybrid SiO2‐coated CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were created using CdTe QDs coated with a hybrid SiO2 shell containing Cd2+ ions and a sulfur source via a sol–gel process in aqueous solution. Aqueous CdTe QDs with tunable emitting color created through a reaction between cadmium chloride and sodium hydrogen telluride was used as cores for the preparation of hybrid SiO2‐coated CdTe QDs. In our experiments we found that the surface state of the cores and preparation conditions that affect the formation of the hybrid SiO2 shell also greatly affect photoluminescence of the hybrid SiO2‐coated CdTe QDs. The generation of CdS‐like clusters in the vicinity of the CdTe QDs, caused the quantum size effect of the QDs to be greatly reduced, which changes photoluminescence properties of the hybrid QDs fundamentally. Namely, the novel hybrid SiO2 shell played an important role in generating a series of specific optical properties. In addition, the novel hybrid SiO2 shell can be created if no CdTe QD is added. In order to gain an insight into the inter structure of the hybrid shell, we characterized the hybrid SiO2‐coated CdTe QDs using X‐ray diffraction analysis and discuss the formation mechanism of such a hybrid structure. This work is significant because the novel hybrid SiO2‐coated CdTe QDs with its excellent properties can be used in many applications, such as biolabeling and optoelectronic devices. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three colorimetric and off–on fluorescent chemosensors for Fe3+ in aqueous media
Authors: Chai Meimei , Li Man , Zhang Di , Wang Cui‐cui , Ye Yong , Zhao Yufen 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTThree Rhodamine B derivatives were synthesized and characterized by ESI‐MS, NMR, HR‐MS and IR. The probes exhibit high selectivity and sensitivity towards Fe3+ over other metal ions in CH3CN–water. Upon the addition of Fe3+, the spirocyclic ring of the probe was opened and a significant enhancement of visible color and fluorescence within the range of 540–700 nm was observed. The colorimetric and fluorescent response to Fe3+ can be conveniently detected even by the naked eye, which provides a facile method for the visual detection of Fe3+. Job's plot, fluorescence titration and MS indicated the formation of 1:2 complexes between the probes and Fe3+. The reversibility of the reaction establishes the potential of these probes as chemosensors for Fe3+ detection. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A tissue‐engineered human dermal construct utilizing fibroblasts and transforming growth factor β1 to promote elastogenesis
Authors: Sommer Nadine , Sattler Martin , Weise Julia M. , Wenck Horst , Gallinat Stefan , Fischer Frank 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNumerous studies have shown that extracellular matrix (ECM)‐based scaffolds are suitable for dermal constructs for the differentiation of various cell types in vitro and for constructive tissue remodeling after implantation in vivo. However, a shortcoming of these ECM materials is its limited elastogenesis. Elastic fibers constitute an essential component of mammalian connective tissue and the presence of elastic fibers is crucial for the proper function of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and intestinal systems. Since it is still largely unknown how cells coordinate the molecular events of elastic‐fiber assembly, understanding the ability to regenerate elastic fibers in tissues remains a significant challenge. For this reason, human neonatal dermal fibroblasts (HDFneo) were analyzed for their potential to serve as a cell culture model for elastic fiber assembly. Using optical technologies such as multiphoton laser‐scanning microscopy (MPSLM) we demonstrate that HDFneo stimulated with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) are able to produce a distinct and complex elastic fiber system in vitro. As shown by the desmosine and isodesmosine content, crosslinked elastic fibers were formed within the 3D ECM‐based scaffold. This tissue‐engineered dermal construct may prove to be an effective template for the development of medicinal approaches in regenerative soft skin tissue reconstruction through TGF‐β1 induction.
Deriving metabolic engineering strategies from genome‐scale modeling with flux ratio constraints
Authors: Yen Jiun Y. , Nazem‐Bokaee Hadi , Freedman Benjamin G. , Athamneh Ahmad I. M. , Senger Ryan S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractOptimized production of bio‐based fuels and chemicals from microbial cell factories is a central goal of systems metabolic engineering. To achieve this goal, a new computational method of using flux balance analysis with flux ratios (FBrAtio) was further developed in this research and applied to five case studies to evaluate and design metabolic engineering strategies. The approach was implemented using publicly available genome‐scale metabolic flux models. Synthetic pathways were added to these models along with flux ratio constraints by FBrAtio to achieve increased (i) cellulose production from Arabidopsis thaliana; (ii) isobutanol production from Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (iii) acetone production from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803; (iv) H2 production from Escherichia coli MG1655; and (v) isopropanol, butanol, and ethanol (IBE) production from engineered Clostridium acetobutylicum. The FBrAtio approach was applied to each case to simulate a metabolic engineering strategy already implemented experimentally, and flux ratios were continually adjusted to find (i) the end‐limit of increased production using the existing strategy, (ii) new potential strategies to increase production, and (iii) the impact of these metabolic engineering strategies on product yield and culture growth. The FBrAtio approach has the potential to design “fine‐tuned” metabolic engineering strategies in silico that can be implemented directly with available genomic tools.
LC‐MS/MS determination and pharmacokinetic study of lacidipine in human plasma
Authors: Chatki Pankaj Kisan , Hotha Kishore Kumar , Kolagatla Pandu Ranga Reddy , Bharathi D. Vijaya , Venkateswarulu V. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTA robust, specific and fully validated LC‐MS/MS method as per general practices of industry has been developed for estimation of lacidipine (LAC) with 100 μL of human plasma using lacidipine‐13C8 as an internal standard (IS). The API‐4000 LC‐MS/MS was operated under the multiple reaction‐monitoring mode. A simple liquid–liquid extraction process was used to extract LAC and IS from human plasma. The total run time was 3.0 min and the elution of LAC and IS occurred at 1.96 and 1.97 min; this was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of 5 mm ammonium acetate buffer–acetontrile (15:85 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.60 mL/min on a Zorbax SB C18 (50 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column. A linear response function was established for the range of concentrations 50–15,000 pg/mL (r > 0.998) for LAC. The current developed method has negligible matrix effect and is free from unwanted adducts and clusters which are formed owing to system such as solvent or mobile phase. The developed assay method was applied to an oral pharmacokinetic study in humans and successfully characterized the pharmacokinetic data up to 72 h. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical, angiographic, and intravascular ultrasound results of the VestSaync II trial
Authors: Costa J. Ribamar , Oliveira Breno A. , Abizaid Alexandre , Costa Ricardo , Perin Marco , Abizaid Andréa , Chamié Daniel , Fernando Tanajura Luiz , Sousa Amanda , Sousa J. Eduardo M.R. 
Published: March 2013

AimWe sought to assess the long term efficacy of the novel VESTAsync™ Eluting Stent (VES) combining a Cro‐Co platform with a nanothin‐microporous hydroxyapatite surface coating impregnated with a polymer‐free low‐dose of Sirolimus (55 μg).MethodsThe Vestasync II trial was a randomized (2:1), double‐blinded, multicenter comparison of the VES to its platform, the Gen X stent, with microporous hydroxyapatite surface coating without sirolimus. Patients were eligible if they presented de novo lesions in native coronary arteries with 3.0–3.5 mm diameter and ≤ 14 mm in length. Primary endpoint was 8‐month in‐stent late loss and % of stent obstruction. Lifelong aspirin and 6‐month clopidogrel were prescribed to all patients.ResultsSeventy‐five patients were enrolled (VES = 50 pts). Baseline characteristics included mean age of 58 years and 29% of diabetics. Reference vessel diameter and lesion length were 2.8 ± 0.4 mm and 13.0 ± 2.0 mm, respectively. In‐stent late loss (0.39 ± 0.20 vs. 0.74 ± 0.52, P = 0.03) and % of neointima hyperplasia (9.3 ± 6.6% vs. 17.6 ± 9.4%, P = 0.0016) were significantly reduced in the VES cohort. Up to 1 year, there was a single case of myocardial infarction and one target lesion revascularization (TLR) (2%) in the VES group while in the control cohort there were one TLR (4%) and one cardiac death (4%).ConclusionThe VestSync II trial is a proof‐of‐concept study and demonstrates the sustained efficacy of this novel polymer‐free sirolimus drug‐eluting stents. A larger trial, with more complex lesions, clinical endpoints and longer FU period is warranted. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diffusion of Saccharides and Sugar Alcohol Sorbitol in Chitosan Membranes and Beads
Authors: Waluga T. , Scholl S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDiffusion coefficients of different sugars and the sugar alcohol sorbitol have been determined by two different experimental setups: mass transfer through a flat membrane in a diffusion cell and effusion experiments with beads in a batch stirred vessel. Diffusion experiments show highly consistent data with low uncertainties and high regression coefficients, while effusion experiments suffer from larger experimental uncertainties. For the diffusion through a chitosan membrane at 25 °C, typically one‐third of the free molecular diffusion coefficient is found, whereas at 40 °C only one‐quarter of it is reached. The influence of molecular size, structure, and temperature on the transport properties is discussed in detail.