bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and microbiological findings in patients with peri‐implantitis: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Canullo Luigi , Peñarrocha‐Oltra David , Covani Ugo , Botticelli Daniele , Serino Giovanni , Penarrocha Miguel 
Published: January 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze clinical and microbiological characters in subjects and implants affected and not affected by peri‐implantitis. Additionally, same features were analyzed also intra‐individually, comparing healthy and diseased implants within the same subject.Materials and methodsA total of 534 patients who received at least 1 implant and coming to routine check‐up or spontaneous visits at the University of Valencia were recruited. Clinical parameters including Bleeding on probing (BoP), Probing pocket depth (PPD), and Pi were screened. Samples for microbiological analysis were obtained from three locations: peri‐implant sulci (PIS), inner parts of the implant connections (I), and gingival sulci of neighboring teeth (GS). Quantitative real‐time PCR was performed for total counts of 10 microorganisms.ResultsA total of 534 patients with 1507 dental implants were analyzed. The prevalence of peri‐implantitis was found 10.3% for patients and 7.3% for implants. Higher percentage of healthy periodontal subjects were found in the non‐peri‐implantitis group. The analysis within the 53 patients affected by peri‐implantitis revealed that the implants affected by peri‐implantitis presented a higher percentage of plaque, BoP, and number of implants presenting <2 mm attached gingiva. Additionally, more cemented crowns and implants inserted in bone‐augmented sites were found among the diseased implants. The microbiologic analysis presented no relevant differences between the analysis at the peri‐implant sulcus (PIS) and the connections inside the abutments surfaces (PI). The microbial composition at the neighboring teeth (GS) resembled the composition found at the PIS with a high frequency of Pg, Tf, Pi, PM, and Ec.ConclusionsThe results of this study seem to indicate that inadequate oral hygiene and the presence of bleeding from the gingiva/mucosa in patients with dental implant were associated with an higher prevalence of peri‐implantitis; moreover, in the patients affected by peri‐implantitis, the lack of sufficient height keratinized mucosa (<2 mm) and bone regenerative procedures at implant level were also associated to higher prevalence of peri‐implantitis as well.
A qualitative analysis on participants’ perspectives on oral implants
Authors: Atieh Momen A. , Morgaine Kate C. , Duncan Warwick J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative research methods provide clinicians with information about the effectiveness of interventions and determined causal‐effect relationships, whereas qualitative research investigates other aspects of clinical implant practice, particularly the participants’ perspectives and expectations. The aim of the qualitative study was to understand the experience of participants with immediate single molar implants.MethodsIn‐depth, audiorecorded, semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 participants who had participated in a controlled clinical trial of immediate molar implants. Participants were aged 36–77 years. Nine participants received single implants in mandibular molar fresh extraction sockets while the remaining participants had their implants in healed sites. The interviews that assessed participants’ perspectives of the pre‐operative, operative, and postoperative phases of therapy were transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive and content analysis.ResultsParticipants took part in the clinical trial mainly because it offered oral implant therapy at a reduced cost. The affordability of implant treatment was the main factor in determining restorative options. Minimal differences were found between male and female participants of different age groups in terms of their perceptions of function and aesthetics. However, single molar implants did not have an impact on aesthetics and self‐esteem. Participants’ expectations regarding the longevity of oral implants were not realistic and their knowledge about future maintenance needs was not adequate.ConclusionsUsing face‐to‐face verbal conversation more frequently may improve communication between clinicians and participants and minimize misunderstanding about the procedures of different treatment modalities. Special emphasis should be placed on understanding the importance of maintenance by spending more time with the participants to identify any future barriers to maintaining good outcomes of oral implants.
The role of acrylic acid impurity as a sensitizing component in electrocardiogram electrodes
Authors: Stingeni Luca , Cerulli Emilia , Spalletti Anna , Mazzoli Alessandra , Rigano Luigi , Bianchi Leonardo , Hansel Katharina 
Published: January 2015

SummaryBackgroundAllergic contact dermatitis caused by (meth)acrylates is well known, both in occupational and in non‐occupational settings. Contact hypersensitivity to electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes containing (meth)acrylates is rarely reported.ObjectiveTo report the first case of contact dermatitis caused by acrylic acid impurity in ECG electrodes.Materials and methodsPatch tests were performed with separate components of electrodes and some (meth)acrylates. This was followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography of electrode hydrogel.ResultsThe patient was contact‐allergic to electrode hydrogel but not to its separate constituents. Positive reactions were observed to 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2‐HEMA), 2‐hydroxypropyl methacrylate (2‐HPMA) and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). Subsequent analysis showed that the electrode hydrogel contained acrylic acid as an impurity. The latter was subsequently patch tested, with a positive result.ConclusionThe sensitization resulting from direct contact with ECG electrodes was caused by acrylic acid, present as an impurity in ECG electrodes. Positive reactions to 2‐HEMA, 2‐HPMA and EGDMA are considered to be cross‐reactions.
Association between urinary angiotensinogen excretion rates and left ventricular mass index and carotid intima–media thickness in hypertensive kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Tiryaki Ozlem , Usalan Celalettin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) is thought to regulate blood pressure and to be an independent risk factor for the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT). Locally produced RAS in most tissues has been recently described. It has been reported that urinary angiotensinogen levels provide a specific index of the intrarenal RAS status and is significantly correlated with blood pressure and proteinuria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of local intrarenal RAS with LVH and CIMT in hypertensive renal transplant recipients (RTRs).ResultsA total of 96 non‐diabetic RTRs (50 hypertensive patients, 46 normotensive patients) were included in this study. Urinary angiotensinogen (UAGT)/urinary creatinine (Ucre) was significantly higher in hypertensive patients compared with normotensive patients (p < 0.01). Left ventricular mass (LVM)I and CIMT were significantly higher in hypertensive patients compared with the normotensive patients (p < 0.01). Importantly, a significant positive correlation was found between UAGT/Ucre levels and LVMI (r = 0.724, p = 0.012) and also CIMT (r = 0.452, p = 0.02) in hypertensive RTRs.ConclusionsThese data indicate that UAGT is increased in hypertensive RTRs, and local RAS may play an important role in the development of cardiovascular abnormalities in hypertensive renal transplant recipients.
Inland capture fisheries: status and data issues
Authors: Bartley D. M. , De Graaf G.J. , Valbo‐Jørgensen J. , Marmulla G. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractLakes, reservoirs and wetlands cover a total area of about 7.8 million km2 and provide a rich environment for inland capture fisheries. Production from the world's inland capture fisheries has grown steadily to over 11.6 million tonnes in 2012, with almost 95% of the catches from developing countries. The sector is composed primarily of small‐scale fishers and provides employment to approximately 61 million people, of which 50% are women. Inland capture fisheries yield is only 6.3% of the global reported fish production (capture fisheries and aquaculture). However, it is proposed that this is an underestimate and actual yield may be several times greater. The apparent low proportion of fish provided by inland capture fisheries globally does not reflect adequately the importance of inland capture fisheries in today's society. A lack of accurate information renders analysis of existing data sets difficult and makes decision‐making problematic. Is the sector in serious trouble because of the multiple uses of and threats to inland water ecosystems? Is the sector stable and increased production due only to better reporting? Or, is the sector growing?
Estimated numbers of patients with liver disease related to hepatitis B or C virus infection based on the database reconstructed from medical claims from 2008 to 2010 in Japan
Authors: Ohisa Masayuki , Kimura Yuki , Matsuo Junko , Akita Tomoyuki , Sato Tomoki , Matsuoka Toshihiko , Sakamune Kazuaki , Katayama Keiko , Huy Do Son , Miyakawa Yuzo , Tanaka Junko 
Published: January 2015

AimTo estimate the number of patients with liver‐related diseases classified by hepatitis viruses (HBV, HCV) based on the information from re‐coded medical claims including several diagnosed diseases.MethodsWe analyzed reimbursement data provided by health insurance societies for 2.1 million individuals during 2008–2010. Database information of employees and their families aged under 65 years employees with hepatitis‐related disease was extracted, the 1‐year period prevalence was calculated, and then number of patients with liver disease related to HBV and HCV by sex and age groups, respectively, was estimated.ResultsThe estimated number of patients were almost equivalent during 2008–2010. As for HBV and HCV, the estimated numbers of patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) in a year ranged 192 641–226 601 and 282 438–306 877, respectively.ConclusionIn the 2008 Patient Survey in Japan, the number of patients was estimated by the main disease in one patient, even though the patient was diagnosed with several diseases. Based on the database with hepatitis‐related diseases after evaluating several diagnosed diseases from medical claims, the estimation method and protocol may minimize the disadvantage of medical claim analysis, and is useful for patients, especially asymptomatic carriers and those with CH which had been underestimated in the 2008 Patient Survey.
Applications for CO2‐Activated Carbon Monoliths: II. EDLC Electrodes
Authors: Kunowsky Mirko , Linares‐Solano Ángel , Garcia‐Gomez Alejandra , Barranco Violeta , Rojo José María , Carruthers James Donald 
Published: January 2015

The use of high‐density carbon monoliths (CM) for preparing supercapacitor electrodes is analyzed. The starting CMs, produced by ATMI Co, were treated as follows: (1) under a N2 flow at 1073 K to modify the carbon surface chemistry and (2) activated with CO2 at the same temperature, using different activation times, to increase their porosity. Electrochemical measurements were performed on disks of 1–2 mm thickness which are suitable for direct use in practical devices. Two‐ and three‐electrode cells were used with 2 M H2SO4 solution as electrolyte. The contents of surface oxygen groups were measured by temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The porosity of the starting monolith is increased by physical activation with CO2, the BET surface area increasing from 957 to 1684 m2/g. Upon heat treatments, both, the high density (1.2 g/cm3), as well as the high amount of surface oxygen groups (2411 μmol CO/g) of the starting monolith are reduced; however, the densities of the treated monoliths remain higher than values reported for other porous carbon monoliths. The performance of the CMs as supercapacitor electrodes show as follows: (1) high specific and exceptionally high volumetric capacitances (up to 292 F/g and 342 F/cm3, respectively) due to their appropriate structure, porosity, and density, (2) a long and stable cyclability, (3) a decrease of power density with disk thickness, and (4) a decrease of pseudocapacitance with activation time.
Dispersion analysis of spreadable processed cheese with low content of emulsifying salts by photocentrifugation
Authors: Hoffmann Wolfgang , Schrader Katrin 
Published: January 2015

SummaryPhotocentrifugation at 1200 g and 60 °C was used to monitor emulsion stability of spreadable processed cheese (PC) with a low content (0.7 and 1.0 g 100 g−1) of typical emulsifying salts (ES) after different manufacturing conditions. This method of dispersion analysis has been used more frequently for nonfood materials rather than for foodstuffs. The PC contained 36.5 g 100 g−1 dry matter, 40 g 100 g−1 fat in dry matter and was manufactured in a laboratory cooker at 82 or 92 °C and 1000–3000 rpm cutter speed for 5–19 min. Insufficient fat emulsification and a heterogeneous casein matrix of a PC with 0.7% was well illustrated by photocentrifugation. At 1 g 100 g−1 ES and 3000 rpm cutter speed, the effect of manufacturing time on the behaviour of the colloidal dispersion was demonstrated by the different evolutions of the corresponding transmission profiles. Sedimentation velocities were measured at a level of 20% transmission. These results showed that dispersion analysis of spreadable PC by photocentrifugation at 60 °C is a sensitive method and applicable as a new approach for characterisation of emulsion stability resulting from physicochemical changes during manufacture.
Drying characteristics and thermal degradation kinetics of hardness, anthocyanin content and colour in purple‐ and red‐fleshed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) during hot air drying
Authors: Moon Ji Hoon , Pan Cheol‐ho , Yoon Won Byong 
Published: January 2015

SummaryPurple‐fleshed potatoes (PFP) and red‐fleshed potatoes (RFP) were dried using hot air. The hardness, anthocyanin content and colour in PFP and RFP during drying were evaluated at 60, 70 and 80 °C. The hardness was characterised by a softening stage in the early drying period, followed by a hardening stage. The times to reach at the transition were 420, 300 and 240 min at 60, 70 and 80 °C, respectively, for PFP, and 480, 360 and 240 min for RFP. However, the moisture content of both PFP and RFP at the transition time was identical at 0.3 (d.b.). The two stages of hardness changes were well described by combining two modified first‐order kinetics models. The activation energy (Ea) for the degradation of anthocyanin in PFP and RFP was 25.12 and 28.43 kJ mol−1, respectively. The Ea values demonstrated that the thermal sensitivity of PFP was higher than that of RFP.
Dispersal strength determines meta‐community structure in a dendritic riverine network
Authors: Cañedo‐Argüelles Miguel , Boersma Kate S. , Bogan Michael T. , Olden Julian D. , Phillipsen Ivan , Schriever Tiffany A. , Lytle David A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimMeta‐community structure is a function of both local (site‐specific) and regional (landscape‐level) ecological factors, and the relative importance of each may be mediated by the dispersal ability of organisms. Here, we used aquatic invertebrate communities to investigate the relationship between local and regional factors in explaining distance decay relationships (DDRs) in fragmented dendritic stream networks.LocationDryland streams distributed within a 400‐km2 section of the San Pedro River basin, south‐eastern Arizona, USA.MethodsWe combined fine‐scale local information (flow and habitat characteristics) with regional‐scale information to explain DDR patterns in community composition of aquatic invertebrate species with a wide range of dispersal abilities. We used a novel application of a landscape resistance modelling approach (originally developed for landscape genetic studies) that simultaneously assessed the importance of local and regional ecological factors as well as dispersal ability of organisms.ResultsWe found evidence that both local and regional factors influenced aquatic invertebrate DDRs in dryland stream networks, and the importance of each factor depended on the dispersal capacities of the organisms. Local and weak dispersers were more affected by site‐specific factors, intermediate dispersers by landscape‐level factors, and strong dispersers showed no discernable pattern. This resulted in a strongly hump‐shaped relationship between dispersal ability and landscape‐level factors, where only moderate dispersers showed evidence of DDRs. Unlike most other studies of dendritic networks, our results suggest that overland pathways, using perennial refugia as stepping‐stones, might be the main dispersal route in fragmented stream networks.Main conclusionsWe suggest that using a combination of landscape and local distance measures can help to unravel meta‐community patterns in dendritic systems. Our findings have important conservation implications, such as the need to manage river systems for organisms that span a wide variety of dispersal abilities and local ecological requirements. Our results also highlight the need to preserve perennial refugia in fragmented networks, as they may ensure the viability of aquatic meta‐communities by facilitating dispersal.
Effect of professional mechanical plaque removal on secondary prevention of periodontitis and the complications of gingival and periodontal preventive measures
Authors: Sanz Mariano , Bäumer Amelie , Buduneli Nurcan , Dommisch Henrik , Farina Roberto , Kononen Eija , Linden Gerard , Meyle Joerg , Preshaw Philip M. , Quirynen Marc , Roldan Silvia , Sanchez Nerea , Sculean Anton , Slot Dagmar Else , Trombelli Leonardo , West Nicola , Winkel Edwin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackground and AimsThe scope of this working group was to review: (1) the effect of professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) on secondary prevention of periodontitis; (2) the occurrence of gingival recessions and non‐carious cervical lesions (NCCL) secondary to traumatic tooth brushing; (3) the management of hypersensitivity, through professionally and self administered agents and (4) the management of oral malodour, through mechanical and/or chemical agents.Results and ConclusionsPatients undergoing supportive periodontal therapy including PMPR showed mean tooth loss rates of 0.15 ± 0.14 teeth/year for 5‐year follow‐up and 0.09 ± 0.08 teeth/year (corresponding to a mean number of teeth lost ranging between 1.1 and 1.3) for 12–14 year follow‐up. There is no direct evidence to confirm tooth brushing as the sole factor causing gingival recession or NCCLs. Similarly, there is no conclusive evidence from intervention studies regarding the impact of manual versus powered toothbrushes on development of gingival recession or NCCLs, or on the treatment of gingival recessions. Local and patient‐related factors can be highly relevant in the development and progression of these lesions. Two modes of action are used in the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity: dentine tubule occlusion and/or modification or blocking of pulpal nerve response. Dentifrices containing arginine, calcium sodium phosphosilicate, stannous fluoride and strontium have shown an effect on pain reduction. Similarly, professionally applied prophylaxis pastes containing arginine and calcium sodium phosphosilicate have shown efficacy. There is currently evidence from short‐term studies that tongue cleaning has an effect in reducing intra‐oral halitosis caused by tongue coating. Similarly, mouthrinses and dentifrices with active ingredients based on Chlorhexidine, Cetylpyridinium chloride and Zinc combinations have a significant beneficial effect.
Primary prevention of peri‐implantitis: Managing peri‐implant mucositis
Authors: Jepsen Søren , Berglundh Tord , Genco Robert , Aass Anne Merete , Demirel Korkud , Derks Jan , Figuero Elena , Giovannoli Jean Louis , Goldstein Moshe , Lambert France , Ortiz‐Vigon Alberto , Polyzois Ioannis , Salvi Giovanni E. , Schwarz Frank , Serino Giovanni , Tomasi Cristiano , Zitzmann Nicola U. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimsOver the past decades, the placement of dental implants has become a routine procedure in the oral rehabilitation of fully and partially edentulous patients. However, the number of patients/implants affected by peri‐implant diseases is increasing. As there are – in contrast to periodontitis – at present no established and predictable concepts for the treatment of peri‐implantitis, primary prevention is of key importance. The management of peri‐implant mucositis is considered as a preventive measure for the onset of peri‐implantitis. Therefore, the remit of this working group was to assess the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases, as well as risks for peri‐implant mucositis and to evaluate measures for the management of peri‐implant mucositis.MethodsDiscussions were informed by four systematic reviews on the current epidemiology of peri‐implant diseases, on potential risks contributing to the development of peri‐implant mucositis, and on the effect of patient and of professionally administered measures to manage peri‐implant mucositis. This consensus report is based on the outcomes of these systematic reviews and on the expert opinion of the participants.ResultsKey findings included: (i) meta‐analysis estimated a weighted mean prevalence for peri‐implant mucositis of 43% (CI: 32–54%) and for peri‐implantitis of 22% (CI: 14–30%); (ii) bleeding on probing is considered as key clinical measure to distinguish between peri‐implant health and disease; (iii) lack of regular supportive therapy in patients with peri‐implant mucositis was associated with increased risk for onset of peri‐implantitis; (iv) whereas plaque accumulation has been established as aetiological factor, smoking was identified as modifiable patient‐related and excess cement as local risk indicator for the development of peri‐implant mucositis; (v) patient‐administered mechanical plaque control (with manual or powered toothbrushes) has been shown to be an effective preventive measure; (vi) professional intervention comprising oral hygiene instructions and mechanical debridement revealed a reduction in clinical signs of inflammation; (vii) adjunctive measures (antiseptics, local and systemic antibiotics, air‐abrasive devices) were not found to improve the efficacy of professionally administered plaque removal in reducing clinical signs of inflammation.ConclusionsConsensus was reached on recommendations for patients with dental implants and oral health care professionals with regard to the efficacy of measures to manage peri‐implant mucositis. It was particularly emphasized that implant placement and prosthetic reconstructions need to allow proper personal cleaning, diagnosis by probing and professional plaque removal.
Change You Can Believe In? Hedge Fund Data Revisions
Authors: PATTON ANDREW J. , RAMADORAI TARUN , STREATFIELD MICHAEL 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTWe analyze the reliability of voluntary disclosures of financial information, focusing on widely‐employed publicly‐available hedge fund databases. Tracking changes to statements of historical performance recorded between 2007 and 2011, we find that historical returns are routinely revised. These revisions are not merely random or corrections of earlier mistakes; they are partly forecastable by fund characteristics. Funds that revise their performance histories significantly and predictably underperform those that have never revised, suggesting that unreliable disclosures constitute a valuable source of information for investors. These results speak to current debates about mandatory disclosures by financial institutions to market regulators.