bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural History and Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Implantation After Revascularization for Stable Coronary Artery Disease With Depressed Ejection Fraction
Authors: Lewis Geoffrey F. , Harless Adam C. , Vazquez Lauren , Abi‐Samra Freddy M. , Bernard Michael L. , Khatib Sammy , Polin Glenn M. , Morin Daniel P. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundFollowing revascularization, most payors require 3 months of medical therapy, followed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reassessment, before implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) implantation possibly contributing to incomplete follow‐up and suboptimal utilization of ICD therapy. The natural history of these patients, and their fate regarding ICD implantation, is unknown.HypothesisWe hypothesized that a waiting period after revascularization for stable CAD results in missed opportunities to provide care with regard to ICD implantation.MethodsWe followed patients with LVEF ≤ 35% and no ICD who underwent revascularization (coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] or percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) for stable CAD. Follow‐up used chart review and scripted telephone interviews.ResultsAmong 3164 revascularized patients (2198 [69%] PCI, 966 [31%] CABG), only 62 (2%; 33 [53%] male, age 67 ± 12 y, LVEF 28% ± 6%) had stable CAD, depressed LVEF, and no ICD. Over 35 ± 19 months, 35 (56%) of these 62 patients were no longer candidates for ICD based on improved LVEF, 14 (23%) received an ICD, 5 (8%) declined ICD despite physician recommendation, 3 (5%) were not offered ICD despite continued eligibility, 2 (3%) died, 1 (2%) was not a candidate due to substance abuse, and 1 (2%) had ICD implantation temporarily deferred. Only 1 (2%) was lost to follow‐up.ConclusionsFollowing revascularization for stable CAD with depressed LVEF, ≥50% of patients' ventricular function improved enough to make ICD implantation unnecessary. A waiting period after revascularization prior to ICD implantation appears appropriate and does not significantly negatively impact follow‐up or the rate of appropriate ICD implantation.
BSP cost and scalability analysis for MapReduce operations
Authors: Senger Hermes , Gil‐Costa Veronica , Arantes Luciana , Marcondes Cesar A. C. , Marín Mauricio , Sato Liria M. , da Silva Fabrício A.B. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryData abundance poses the need for powerful and easy‐to‐use tools that support processing large amounts of data. MapReduce has been increasingly adopted for over a decade by many companies, and more recently, it has attracted the attention of an increasing number of researchers in several areas. One main advantage is that the complex details of parallel processing, such as complex network programming, task scheduling, data placement, and fault tolerance, are hidden in a conceptually simple framework. MapReduce is supported by mature software technologies for deployment in data centers such as Hadoop. As MapReduce becomes popular for high‐performance applications, many questions arise concerning its performance and efficiency. In this paper, we demonstrated formally lower bounds on the isoefficiency function for MapReduce applications, when these applications can be modeled as BSP jobs. We also demonstrate how communication and synchronization costs can be dominant for MapReduce computations and discuss the conditions under which such scalability limits are valid. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates scalability bounds for MapReduce applications. We also discuss how some MapReduce implementations such as Hadoop can mitigate such costs to approach linear, or near‐to‐linear speedups. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Secure cryptographic functions via virtualization‐based outsourced computing
Authors: Qiang Weizhong , Zhang Kang , Dai Weiqi , Jin Hai 
Published: October 2015

SummaryCryptographic functions, such as encryption/decryption libraries, are common and important tools for applications to enhance confidentiality of the data. However, these functions could be compromised by subtle attacks launched by untrusted operating system or other applications, and sensitive keys or cryptographic procedures could then be compromised. In this paper, based on virtualization technology, we propose a novel approach that outsources the cryptographic functions in one virtual machine (VM) into another dedicated VM, so that sensitive keys and the cryptographic procedures are only contained by this VM with specific purpose. We also propose a prototype, called cryptographic function assurance (CFA), to enhance the security of cryptographic functions. Taking OpenSSL as an example, CFA allows those applications that use OpenSSL library to transparently utilize CFA to protect the cryptographic functions. We present the detailed implementation, as well as the security analysis of CFA. We also give the performance evaluation for OpenSSL's interfaces and Apache httpd, to show the overhead caused by the integration of CFA. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanothermometry: From Microscopy to Thermal Treatments
Authors: Zhou Haiying , Sharma Monica , Berezin Oleg , Zuckerman Darryl , Berezin Mikhail Y. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMeasuring temperature in cells and tissues remotely, with sufficient sensitivity, and in real time presents a new paradigm in engineering, chemistry and biology. Traditional sensors, such as contact thermometers, thermocouples, and electrodes, are too large to measure the temperature with subcellular resolution and are too invasive to measure the temperature in deep tissue. The new challenge requires novel approaches in designing biocompatible temperature sensors—nanothermometers—and innovative techniques for their measurements. In the last two decades, a variety of nanothermometers whose response reflected the thermal environment within a physiological temperature range have been identified as potential sensors. This review covers the principles and aspects of nanothermometer design driven by two emerging areas: single‐cell thermogenesis and image guided thermal treatments. The review highlights the current trends in nanothermometry illustrated with recent representative examples.
Cognitive Therapy and Task Concentration Training Applied as Intensified Group Therapies for Social Anxiety Disorder with Fear of Blushing—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Härtling Samia , Klotsche Jens , Heinrich Anke , Hoyer Jürgen 
Published: October 2015

The current study examines the efficacy of intensified group therapy for social anxiety disorder with fear of blushing. Task concentration training (TCT) and cognitive therapy (CT) were applied during one weekend and compared with a waiting list condition in a randomized controlled trial including 82 patients. On a second weekend, another intervention was added (resulting in TCT–CT and CT–TCT sequences) to examine order effects.Task concentration training and CT were both superior to the waiting list and equally effective after the first therapy weekend. Also, no differences were found between the sequences TCT–CT and CT–TCT at post‐assessment. At 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up, effects remained stable or further improved. At the 6‐month follow‐up, remission rates in completers, established by diagnostic status, were between 69% and 73%.Intensified group therapy is highly effective in treating social anxiety disorder with fear of blushing. Group formats for patients sharing a common primary concern may contribute to the dissemination of cognitive–behavioural therapy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:

This study focuses on blushing from fearful individuals within the SAD spectrum to improve evidence for treatment efficacy in those whose social fears are centred around observable bodily sensations.
This study integrates task concentration training into the SAD model of Clark and Wells to combine two evidence‐based treatments for SAD under one treatment model.
This study uses an innovative format of brief, intensified group therapy, conducted on two full‐day weekend group sessions delivered over two weekends, with strong observed effect sizes.
Metacognitions and Mindful Attention Awareness in Depression: A Comparison Of Currently Depressed, Previously Depressed and Never Depressed Individuals
Authors: Solem Stian , Hagen Roger , Wang Catharina E. A. , Hjemdal Odin , Waterloo Knut , Eisemann Martin , Halvorsen Marianne 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe primary aim of the study was to test (1) how metacognition relates to the concept of mindful attention awareness, and (2) whether metacognitions or mindful attention awareness best predicted symptoms of depression. Data was collected from three samples: currently depressed (n = 37), previously depressed (n = 81) and never depressed controls (n = 50). There was a moderate correlation between mindful attention awareness and three of five metacognitive subscales. Both mindful attention awareness and metacognition were significantly correlated with depression severity scores after controlling for anxiety. The depressed group had significantly more dysfunctional metacognitions and less mindful attention awareness than the never depressed group. Negative beliefs about worry and mindful attention awareness were also significantly different in the previously depressed group compared with the never depressed. This suggests that metacognitions and mindful attention awareness can be vulnerability factors for depression. The results also indicated that anxiety symptoms and negative beliefs about worry were the most important factors in predicting depression. In conclusion, the study shows that metacognitions and mindful attention awareness are two related but separate constructs and that metacognitions emerged as the best predictor of depression. These results provide support for the metacognitive model of emotional disorders. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Metacognitions and mindful attention awareness are related but separate constructs
Both mindful attention awareness and metacognition are associated with depression
Anxiety and negative beliefs about worry (metacognitions) are most important in predicting depression
Addressing metacognitions in therapy should be considered in treatment of depression
Note on Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves by Nonlinearly Screened Dust Grains in Plasmas
Authors: Tsytovich V. N. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAlthough most experiments in complex plasmas correspond to non‐linear grain screening, the theoretical models of non‐linear screening have not been checked experimentally. Scattering of electromagnetic waves on a single nonlinearly screened dust grain in plasmas can serve as one of effective methods for investigation of non‐linear screening. In present paper we have developed a theory for electromagnetic wave scattering that includes both the effect of coherency of scattering for long wave range and the loss of coherency with a decrease of the wave length. It is valid for arbitrary non‐linearity in screening and demonstrates that the loss of coherency occurs for wave length less then the characteristic screening length for non‐linear screening being usually substantially larger than the linear Debye screening length. The effect is illustrated numerically using the most popular model of non‐linear screening. The dependence of the cross‐section of scattering on parameter of non‐linearity in screening is calculated numerically. The loss of coherency in scattering by a single grain can serve as effective diagnostic for checking the theoretical models of non‐linear screening. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor for Fumonisin B1 Detection in Corn Using Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Chitosan
Authors: Yang Xianxian , Zhou Xipeng , Zhang Xian , Qing Ying , Luo Mei , Liu Xiao , Li Chaorui , Li Yingli , Xia Huiming , Qiu Jingfu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA sensitive electrochemical immunosensor was developed for detecting fumonisin B1 (FB1) in corn using the single‐walled carbon nanotubes/chitosan. The detection mechanism of immunosensor was based on an indirect competitive binding to a fixed amount of anti‐FB1 between free FB1 and FB1‐bovine serum albumin, which was conjugated on covalently functionalized nanotubes/chitosan laid on the glass carbon electrode. The anti‐rabbit immunoglobulin G secondary antibody labeled with alkaline phosphatase was then bound to the electrode surface through reactisubstrate α‐naphthyl phosphate, which produced electrochemical signal. Under optimized conditions, this method could detect FB1 from 0.01 to 1000 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 2 pg mL−1. This is well below the detection limit required from European Union legislation, 2–4 mg L−1. Moreover, good recoveries were obtained for the detection of spiked corn samples and actual corn samples. As the method has good sensitivity and recovery for detecting FB1, it is a practical detection method.
The ventral hippocampus, but not the dorsal hippocampus is critical for learned approach‐avoidance decision making
Authors: Schumacher Anett , Vlassov Ekaterina , Ito Rutsuko 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe resolution of an approach‐avoidance conflict induced by ambivalent information involves the appraisal of the incentive value of the outcomes and associated stimuli to orchestrate an appropriate behavioral response. Much research has been directed at delineating the neural circuitry underlying approach motivation and avoidance motivation separately. Very little research, however, has examined the neural substrates engaged at the point of decision making when opposing incentive motivations are experienced simultaneously. We hereby examine the role of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus (HPC) in a novel approach‐avoidance decision making paradigm, revisiting a once popular theory of HPC function, which posited the HPC to be the driving force of a behavioral inhibition system that is activated in situations of imminent threat. Rats received pre‐training excitotoxic lesions of the dorsal or ventral HPC, and were trained to associate different non‐spatial cues with appetitive, aversive and neutral outcomes in three separate arms of the radial maze. On the final day of testing, a state of approach‐avoidance conflict was induced by simultaneously presenting two cues of opposite valences, and comparing the time the rats spent interacting with the superimposed ‘conflict’ cue, and the neutral cue. The ventral HPC‐lesioned group showed significant preference for the conflict cue over the neutral cue, compared to the dorsal HPC‐lesioned, and control groups. Thus, we provide evidence that the ventral, but not dorsal HPC, is a crucial component of the neural circuitry concerned with exerting inhibitory control over approach tendencies under circumstances in which motivational conflict is experienced. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Major impact of an early bone marrow checkpoint (day 21) for minimal residual disease in flow cytometry in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Eveillard Marion , Robillard Nelly , Arnoux Isabelle , Garand Richard , Rialland Fanny , Thomas Caroline , Strullu Marion , Michel Gérard , Béné Marie C. , Fossat Chantal , Loosveld Marie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe early persistence of minimal residual disease (MRD) is considered a poor prognostic factor indicative of chemoresistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In French children, chemosensitivity is assessed at day 21 post‐induction by cytomorphology. Here, it was investigated whether a more precise evaluation could be obtained at this time point with multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC).This study enrolled 123 children with de novo acute lymphoblastic leukemia. MRD0 was investigated at day 21 in MFC with a combination of antibodies based on the immunophenotype of diagnosis. It was also evaluated at day 35 by immunoglobulin/T‐cell receptor quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (MRD1).Three risk groups could be delineated based on MRD0. Patients with MFC/MRD0 levels >10−2 (n = 25) were considered high risk, those with levels between 10−2 and 10−4 (n = 46) intermediate risk, and those <10−4 (n = 50) low risk. Overall survival (p = 0.048) and event‐free survival (EFS, p = 0.00017) were significantly different between these three groups. EFS of the 14 corticoresistant patients strongly depended on their MRD0 level (p = 0.004). Similarly, both EFS (p = 0.0004) and overall survival (p = 0.02) were significantly different in the 109 chemosensitive patients, according to MRD0 levels. MRD0 and MRD1 levels, compared with 112 patients, were consistent (−/− or +/+) in 57.2% of the cases. Both MRD0+/MRD1+ and MRD0+/MRD1− patients had a significantly worse EFS (p = 0.0001) than those with undetectable MRD at both MRD0 and MRD1.This study confirms the usefulness and superiority of an early point of MRD detection by MFC. In addition, MRD0 in MFC identifies a subgroup of patients with poorer prognosis (MRD0+/MRD1−). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regulatory role of estrogen‐induced reactive oxygen species in the modulatory function of UCP 2 in papillary thyroid cancer cells
Authors: Hima Sithul , Sreeja Sreeharshan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractOxidative stress is postulated as one of the mechanisms underlying the estrogen's carcinogenic effect in thyroid cancer. But the fundamental mechanisms behind this carcinogenic effect remain elusive. Physiologically attainable concentrations of estrogen or estrogen metabolites have been made known to cause reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is envisioned that estrogen‐induced ROS mediated signaling is a key congruent mechanism that drives the modulation of uncoupled proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. The present study investigates that estrogens may increase mitochondrial ROS production by repressing uncoupling proteins, which offers a new perspective on the understanding of why thyroid cancer occurs three times more often in females than in males, and the occurrence decreases after menopause. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(11):837–846, 2015
The P2RY2 Receptor Induces Carcinoma Cell Migration and EMT Through Cross‐Talk With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
Authors: Martínez‐Ramírez A.S. , Garay E. , García‐Carrancá A. , Vázquez‐Cuevas F.G. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTExtracellular nucleotides are signaling elements present in the tumor microenvironment; however, their role in tumor growth is not completely understood. In the present study, we asked whether nucleotides regulate cell migration in ovarian carcinoma‐derived cells. We observed that 100 μM UTP induced migration in SKOV‐3 cells (1.57 ± 0.08 fold over basal), and RT‐PCR showed expression of transcripts for the P2RY2 and P2RY4 receptors. Knockdown of P2RY2 expression in SKOV‐3 cells (P2RY2‐KD) abolished the UTP‐induced migration. The mechanism activated by UTP to induce migration involves transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) since we observed that the EGFR kinase inhibitor AG1478 and the PI3K inhibitor Wortmannin inhibit this response (to 0.76 ± 0.23 and 0.46 ± 0.14 relative to the control, respectively). In agreement with these observations, UTP was able to modify the phosphorylation state of the EGFR; likewise, the induction of ERK1/2 phosphorylation promoted by UTP was abolished by a 30–60 min treatment with AG1478. Our data also suggested that the enhanced cell migration involves the epithelium to mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, since a 12 h stimulation of SKOV‐3 cells with 100 μM UTP showed an increase in vimentin and SNAIL protein levels (459.8 ± 132.4% over basal for SNAIL). Interestingly, treatment with apyrase (10 U/mL) reduces the migration of control cells and induces a considerable enrichment of E‐cadherin in the cell–cell contacts, favoring an epithelial phenotype and strongly suggesting that the nucleotides released by tumor cells and acting through the P2RY2 receptor are potential regulators of invasiveness. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1016–1026, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Generation of Oxtr cDNAHA‐Ires‐Cre Mice for Gene Expression in an Oxytocin Receptor Specific Manner
Authors: Hidema Shizu , Fukuda Tomokazu , Hiraoka Yuichi , Mizukami Hiroaki , Hayashi Ryotaro , Otsuka Ayano , Suzuki Shingo , Miyazaki Shinji , Nishimori Katsuhiko 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe neurohypophysial hormone oxytocin (OXT) and its receptor (OXTR) have critical roles in the regulation of pro‐social behaviors, including social recognition, pair bonding, parental behavior, and stress‐related responses. Supporting this hypothesis, a portion of patients suffering from autism spectrum disorder have mutations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, or epigenetic modifications in their OXTR gene. We previously reported that OXTR‐deficient mice exhibit pervasive social deficits, indicating the critical role of OXTR in social behaviors. In the present study, we generated Oxtr cDNAHA‐Ires‐Cre knock‐in mice, expressing both OXTR and Cre recombinase under the control of the endogenous Oxtr promoter. Knock‐in cassette of Oxtr cDNAHA‐Ires‐Cre consisted of Oxtr cDNA tagged with the hemagglutinin epitope at the 3′ end (Oxtr cDNAHA), internal ribosomal entry site (Ires), and Cre. Cre was expressed in the uterus, mammary gland, kidney, and brain of Oxtr cDNAHA‐Ires‐Cre knock‐in mice. Furthermore, the distribution of Cre in the brain was similar to that observed in Oxtr‐Venus fluorescent protein expressing mice (Oxtr‐Venus), another animal model previously generated by our group. Social behavior of Oxtr cDNAHA‐Ires‐Cre knock‐in mice was similar to that of wild‐type animals. We demonstrated that this construct is expressed in OXTR‐expressing neurons specifically after an infection with the recombinant adeno‐associated virus carrying the flip‐excision switch vector. Using this system, we showed the transport of the wheat‐germ agglutinin tracing molecule from the OXTR‐expressing neurons to the innervated neurons in knock‐in mice. This study might contribute to the monosynaptic analysis of neuronal circuits and to the optogenetic analysis of neurons expressing OXTR. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1099–1111, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Independent Set Reconfiguration in Cographs and their Generalizations
Authors: Bonsma Paul 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe study the following independent set reconfiguration problem, called TAR‐Reachability:
given two independent sets I and J of a graph G, both of size at least k, is it possible to transform I into J by adding and removing vertices one‐by‐one, while maintaining an independent set of size at least k throughout? This problem is known to be PSPACE‐hard in general. For the case that G is a cograph on n vertices, we show that it can be solved in time , and that the length of a shortest reconfiguration sequence from I to J is bounded by (if it exists). More generally, we show that if is a graph class for which (i) TAR‐Reachability can be solved efficiently, (ii) maximum independent sets can be computed efficiently, and which satisfies a certain additional property, then the problem can be solved efficiently for any graph that can be obtained from a collection of graphs in using disjoint union and complete join operations. Chordal graphs and claw‐free graphs are given as examples of such a class .