bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The midgut of Aedes albopictus females expresses active trypsin-like serine peptidases
Authors: Saboia-Vahia Leonardo , Cuervo Patricia , Borges-Veloso Andre , de Souza Nathália Pinho , Britto Constança , Dias-Lopes Geovane , De Jesus Jose Batista 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background

Aedes albopictus is widely distributed across tropical and sub-tropical regions and is associated with the transmission of several arboviruses. Although this species is increasingly relevant to public health due its ability to successfully colonize both urban and rural habitats, favoring the dispersion of viral infections, little is known about its biochemical traits, with all assumptions made based on studies of A. aegypti. In previous studies we characterized the peptidase profile of pre-imaginal stages of A. albopictus and we reported the first proteomic analysis of the midgut from sugar-fed females of this insect species.

Methods
In the present work, we further analyzed the peptidase expression in the midgut of sugar-fed females using 1DE-substrate gel zymography, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE), mass spectrometry (MS), and protein identification based on similarity.

Results
The combination of zymography, in solution assays using fluorescent substrates and 2DE-MS/MS allowed us to identify the active serine peptidase “fingerprint” in the midgut of A. albopictus females. Zymographic analysis revealed a proteolytic profile composed of at least 13 bands ranging from ~25 to 250 kDa, which were identified as trypsin-like serine peptidases by using specific inhibitors of this class of enzymes. Concomitant use of the fluorogenic substrate Z-Phe-Arg-AMC and trypsin-like serine protease inhibitors corroborated the zymographic findings. Our proteomic approach allowed the identification of two different trypsin-like serine peptidases and one chymotrypsin in protein spots of the alkaline region in 2DE map of the A. albopictus female midgut. Identification of these protein coding genes was achieved by similarity to the A. aegypti genome sequences using Mascot and OMSSA search engines.

Conclusion
These results allowed us to detect, identify and characterize the expression of active trypsin-like serine peptidases in the midgut of sugar-fed A. albopictus females. In addition, proteomic analysis allowed us to confidently assign the expression of two trypsin genes and one chymotrypsin gene to the midgut of this mosquito. These results contribute to the gene annotation in this species of unknown genome and represent a small but important step toward the protein-level functional and localization assignment of trypsin-like serine peptidase genes in the Aedes genus.
Intestinal allergic inflammation in birch pollen allergic patients in relation to pollen season, IgE sensitization profile and gastrointestinal symptoms
Authors: Rentzos Georgios , Lundberg Vanja , Stotzer Per‐Ove , Pullerits Teet , Telemo Esbjörn 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundBirch pollen allergic patients frequently experience gastrointestinal upset accompanied by a local allergic inflammation in the small intestine especially during the pollen season. However, it is not known if the GI pathology is connected to the subjective symptoms of the patient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immune pathology of the duodenal mucosa and the serum IgE antibody profiles in birch pollen allergic patients in relation to their gastrointestinal symptoms, during and outside the birch pollen season.MethodsThirty‐two patients with birch pollen allergy and sixteen healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Twenty allergic patients had gastrointestinal symptoms and twelve did not. All participants underwent an allergy investigation and gastroscopy with duodenal biopsy. The duodenal biopsies were retrieved during the pollen season (May‐June) and off‐season (November‐March). The biopsies were immunostained for mast cells (IgE and tryptase), eosinophils, T cells (CD3), and dendritic cells (CD11c). Pollen‐specific IgE antibodies were determined by ImmunoCAP and component microarray (ISAC).ResultsPatients in both pollen allergic groups showed similar degree of intestinal allergic inflammation during the pollen season regardless of gastrointestinal symptoms. The eosinophils, mast cells and dendritic cells were increased in the mucosa. Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms had significantly elevated IgE antibodies to birch (rBet v 1), hazelnut (rCor a 1), and apple (rMal d1) during the pollen season.ConclusionsPatients allergic to birch pollen have clear signs of an ongoing allergic inflammation in their intestinal mucosa, which is aggravated during the pollen season. The magnitude of the allergic intestinal inflammation is not associated with subjective gastrointestinal symptoms of the individual patient.
Microbiota from Litopenaeus vannamei: digestive tract microbial community of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Tzuc Jaqueline Tuyub , Escalante Diana Rendíz , Rojas Herrera Rafael , Gaxiola Cortés Gabriela , Ortiz Maria Leticia Arena 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Bacteria capable of producing different extracellular enzymes of potential relevance in digestive processes were isolated from the stomach, hepatopancreas and intestine of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of 64 strains with proteolytic activity were isolated and grouped into 16 clusters based on morphological characteristics: 4 groups were isolated from the intestine; 5 from the hepatopancreas; and 7 from the stomach. Molecular methods (16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing) and phenotypic criteria (Gram stain, catalase and oxidase tests, cell and colony morphology) were used to identify strains, which corresponded to Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio genera. These genera are reported to form part of the digestive tract microbial community in shrimp. Both genera were isolated from all three tested tissues. One member of each morphologic group was selected for analysis of the presence of amylases, lipases/esterases and chitinases. Most of the strains had all the tested enzymes, indicating that the L. vannamei digestive tract microbiotic flora includes groups which have the potential to contribute to the degradation of dietary components.
An integrated genomic approach identifies persistent tumor suppressive effects of transforming growth factor-β in human breast cancer
Authors: Sato Misako , Kadota Mitsutaka , Tang Binwu , Yang Howard H , Yang Yu-an , Shan Mengge , Weng Jia , Welsh Michael A , Flanders Kathleen C , Nagano Yoshiko , Michalowski Aleksandra M , Clifford Robert J , Lee Maxwell P , Wakefield Lalage M 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-βs) play a dual role in breast cancer, with context-dependent tumor-suppressive or pro-oncogenic effects. TGF-β antagonists are showing promise in early-phase clinical oncology trials to neutralize the pro-oncogenic effects. However, there is currently no way to determine whether the tumor-suppressive effects of TGF-β are still active in human breast tumors at the time of surgery and treatment, a situation that could lead to adverse therapeutic responses.

Methods
Using a breast cancer progression model that exemplifies the dual role of TGF-β, promoter-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation and transcriptomic approaches were applied to identify a core set of TGF-β-regulated genes that specifically reflect only the tumor-suppressor arm of the pathway. The clinical significance of this signature and the underlying biology were investigated using bioinformatic analyses in clinical breast cancer datasets, and knockdown validation approaches in tumor xenografts.

Results
TGF-β-driven tumor suppression was highly dependent on Smad3, and Smad3 target genes that were specifically enriched for involvement in tumor suppression were identified. Patterns of Smad3 binding reflected the preexisting active chromatin landscape, and target genes were frequently regulated in opposite directions in vitro and in vivo, highlighting the strong contextuality of TGF-β action. An in vivo-weighted TGF-β/Smad3 tumor-suppressor signature was associated with good outcome in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cohorts. TGF-β/Smad3 effects on cell proliferation, differentiation and ephrin signaling contributed to the observed tumor suppression.

Conclusions
Tumor-suppressive effects of TGF-β persist in some breast cancer patients at the time of surgery and affect clinical outcome. Carefully tailored in vitro/in vivo genomic approaches can identify such patients for exclusion from treatment with TGF-β antagonists.
A Differential Approach to the Choice of Treatment of Facial Bone Fractures in the Children
Authors: Тихонов  , Tikhonov E. , Харитонов  , Kharitonov D. , Гаршина  , Garshina M. 
Published: June 2014

The choice of treatment of facial bone fractures in the early age remains a challenge for dentists and maxillofacial surgeons due to the peculiarities of child organism. The purpose of this study was to develop a differential approach to the choice of treatment of children´s facial bone fractures taking into account the age of a child, location of injury and possible complications. This paper presents the analysis of current epidemiological situation regarding to facial bone fractures in children in Voronezh city and Voronezh region. It is shown that the most common injuries is a fall from a height of its own growth, i.e. low-trauma; at the same time the number of high-speed traumas, such as road-traffic accidents, high falls, has decreased. The analysis was carried out 58 cases of facial bone fractures in a group of children from 1 month to 16 years being treated in Maxillofacial Department of Voronezh Regional Pediatric Hospital №2. The developed model of differential choice of treatment of facial bone fractures in children allows to choosing the method taking into account a child age, location of injury and severity, as well as possible consequences of surgery. The clinical monitoring has proved the efficacy of the model which gives an opportunity to decrease post-traumatic complications associated with growth and occlusion deformations as well as complications of inflammatory genesis. It was convincingly shown the need for follow-up care of children with facial fracture that the doctor-orthodontist should continue. The presented data of this study about correlation between surgical and conservative treatment of facial bone fractures in children coincide with the worldwide statistics showing the current tendency to a wide application of mini-invasive methods of fractures fragments immobilization.
Region’s Investment Appeal as Major Indicator of Its Competitiveness
Authors: Михалева  , Mikhaleva Elena 
Published: June 2014

Concept integrity of investment climate which should be considered as
a complex characteristic has been specified on macro- and micro levels. Factors
influencing efficiency of regulation process of investment climate in a region
have been defined, and indicators of Tula region investment appeal have been
reported. Advantages of management by objectives use for solution of problem
related to increase of region’s investment appeal have been proved, what will
allow provide this region’s competitiveness in a long-term period.
Problem of Electronic Commerce in Russia: Electronic Signature
Authors: Швецов  , Shvetsov Sergey 
Published: June 2014

In this paper from the position of electronic commerce as a scope of business
activities, including not only trade, payments system, marketing research and
advertising, enterprise resource management systems, etc., but also electronic
document management, it has been explained that for implementation of legally
significant document management the main role is played by an electronic
signature. Fundamental legal documents in the area of electronic signature and
a scope of its application have been also considered.
A shortened version of the Dementia Drivers’ Screening Assessment
Authors: Lincoln Nadina , Radford Kate , Devos Hannes , Akinwuntan Abiodun E 
Published: June 2014

Introduction: Cognitive tests are used to inform recommendations about the safety of people with dementia to continue driving. The Dementia Drivers’ Screening Assessment (DDSA) is a neuropsychological battery designed to assist in this process. However, it is lengthy to administer and requires materials from various test batteries. Aims: The primary aim of this study was to develop a shortened version of the DDSA for individuals with dementia. Methods: Data on participants with dementia from two studies were analysed. These participants were all drivers with dementia who were identified by community mental health teams and psychiatrists. Each participant was assessed on the DDSA and also assessed on-road by an ‘approved driving instructor’ using the Nottingham Neurological Driving Assessment. Results: This study analysed 102 participants, who had a mean age of 74.0 (SD=7.7) years and of whom 80 (78%) were men. Twenty three drivers were judged to be unsafe and 79 safe. The agreement between the short version and on-road assessment was 79%. The assessment was better at detecting safe drivers than unsafe drivers. Conclusion: The findings suggested that the shortened DDSA is suitable for participants who are unable or do not wish to undergo lengthier assessment.
Assessment of occupational performance problems due to cognitive deficits in stroke rehabilitation: A survey
Authors: Pilegaard Marc Sampedro , Pilegaard Britt Sampedro , Birn Ida , Kristensen Hanne Kaae , Morgan Mike F G 
Published: June 2014

Aim:This study aimed to survey the choices occupational therapists (OTs) make when selecting assessment tools and methods for assessing patients’ occupational performance problems due to cognitive deficits during the immediate post-acute phase of stroke (approximately 1–7 days after). This study also aimed to examine the extent to which OTs use standardised, occupation-based assessments and whether factors such as education level, the time needed to use assessment tools, and the impact of local departmental guidelines, affect the selection of standardised, occupation-based assessments.Methods:A cross-sectional survey, completed via post with responses from 150 Danish occupational therapists was conducted.Results:The survey participants used 13 different assessment tools and methods to assess patients with stroke for occupational performance problems due to cognitive deficits. Only 9% of the OTs were using standardised, occupation-based assessments. Educational level, the time needed to use the assessment tools and the impact of local departmental guidelines were not significantly associated with selection of standardised, occupation-based assessments.Conclusion:The majority of the OTs in this study did not use standardised, occupation-based assessments. These findings indicate a need for further investigation into the changes necessary to the practitioners’ knowledge, skills, or priorities in the use of standardised, occupation-based assessments in clinical practice.
The surgical treatment of children with congenital convex foot (vertical talus)
Authors: Ramanoudjame M. , Loriaut P. , Seringe R. , Glorion C. , Wicart P. 
Published: June 2014

In this study we evaluated the results of midtarsal release and open reduction for the treatment of children with convex congenital foot (CCF) (vertical talus) and compared them with the published results of peritalar release. Between 1977 and 2009, a total of 22 children (31 feet) underwent this procedure. In 15 children (48%) the CCF was isolated and in the remainder it was not (seven with arthrogryposis, two with spinal dysraphism, one with a polymalformative syndrome and six with an undefined neurological disorder). Pre-operatively, the mean tibiotalar angle was 150.2° (106° to 175°) and the mean calcaneal pitch angle was -19.3° (-72° to 4°). The procedure included talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joint capsulotomies, lengthening of tendons of tibialis anterior and the extensors of the toes, allowing reduction of the midtarsal joints. Lengthening of the Achilles tendon was necessary in 23 feet (74%). The mean follow-up was 11 years (2 to 21). The results, as assessed by the Adelaar score, were good in 24 feet (77.4%), fair in six (19.3%) and poor in one foot (3.3%), with no difference between those with isolated CCF and those without. The mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society midfoot score was 89.9 (54 to 100) and 77.8 (36 to 93) for those with isolated CCF and those without, respectively. At the final follow-up, the mean tibiotalar (120°; 90 to 152) and calcaneal pitch angles (4°; -13 to 22) had improved significantly (p < 0.0001). Dislocation of the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints was completely reduced in 22 (70.9%) and 29 (93.6%) of feet, respectively. Three children (five feet) underwent further surgery at a mean of 8.5 years post-operatively, three with pes planovalgus and two in whom the deformity had been undercorrected. No child developed avascular necrosis of the talus. Midtarsal joint release and open reduction is a satisfactory procedure, which may provide better results than peritalar release. Complications include the development of pes planovalgus and persistent dorsal subluxation of the talonavicular joint. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:837–44.
The use of a biodegradable antibiotic-loaded calcium sulphate carrier containing tobramycin for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis
Authors: Ferguson J. Y. , Dudareva M. , Riley N. D. , Stubbs D. , Atkins B. L. , McNally M. A. 
Published: June 2014

We report our experience using a biodegradable calcium sulphate antibiotic carrier containing tobramycin in the surgical management of patients with chronic osteomyelitis. The patients were reviewed to determine the rate of recurrent infection, the filling of bony defects, and any problems with wound healing. A total of 193 patients (195 cases) with a mean age of 46.1 years (16.1 to 82.0) underwent surgery. According to the Cierny–Mader classification of osteomyelitis there were 12 type I, 1 type II, 144 type III and 38 type IV cases. The mean follow-up was 3.7 years (1.3 to 7.1) with recurrent infection occurring in 18 cases (9.2%) at a mean of 10.3 months post-operatively (1 to 25.0). After further treatment the infection resolved in 191 cases (97.9%). Prolonged wound ooze (longer than two weeks post-operatively) occurred in 30 cases (15.4%) in which there were no recurrent infection. Radiographic assessment at final follow-up showed no filling of the defect with bone in 67 (36.6%), partial filling in 108 (59.0%) and complete filling in eight (4.4%). A fracture occurred in nine (4.6%) of the treated osteomyelitic segments at a mean of 1.9 years (0.4 to 4.9) after operation.We conclude that Osteoset T is helpful in the management of patients with chronic osteomyelitis, but the filling of the defect in bone is variable. Prolonged wound ooze is usually self-limiting and not associated with recurrent infection.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:829–36
Knee shape might predict clinical outcome after an anterior cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Eggerding V. , van Kuijk K. S. R. , van Meer B. L. , Bierma-Zeinstra S. M. A. , van Arkel E. R. A. , Reijman M. , Waarsing J. H. , Meuffels D. E. 
Published: June 2014

We have investigated whether shape of the knee can predict the clinical outcome of patients after an anterior cruciate ligament rupture. We used statistical shape modelling to measure the shape of the knee joint of 182 prospectively followed patients on lateral and Rosenberg view radiographs of the knee after a rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. Subsequently, we associated knee shape with the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score at two years follow-up. The mean age of patients was 31 years (21 to 51), the majority were male (n = 121) and treated operatively (n = 135). We found two modes (shape variations) that were significantly associated with the subjective score at two years: one for the operatively treated group (p = 0.002) and one for the non-operatively treated group (p = 0.003). Operatively treated patients who had higher subjective scores had a smaller intercondylar notch and a smaller width of the intercondylar eminence. Non-operatively treated patients who scored higher on the subjective score had a more pyramidal intercondylar notch as opposed to one that was more dome-shaped. We conclude that the shape of the femoral notch and the intercondylar eminence is predictive of clinical outcome two years after a rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:737–42.
Single-stage revision for the infected total knee replacement
Authors: Tibrewal S. , Malagelada F. , Jeyaseelan L. , Posch F. , Scott G. 
Published: June 2014

Peri-prosthetic infection is amongst the most common causes of failure following total knee replacement (TKR). In the presence of established infection, thorough joint debridement and removal of all components is necessary following which new components may be implanted. This can be performed in one or two stages; two-stage revision with placement of an interim antibiotic-loaded spacer is regarded by many to be the standard procedure for eradication of peri-prosthetic joint infection.We present our experience of a consecutive series of 50 single-stage revision TKRs for established deep infection performed between 1979 and 2010. There were 33 women and 17 men with a mean age at revision of 66.8 years (42 to 84) and a mean follow-up of 10.5 years (2 to 24). The mean time between the primary TKR and the revision procedure was 2.05 years (1 to 8).Only one patient required a further revision for recurrent infection, representing a success rate of 98%. Nine patients required further revision for aseptic loosening, according to microbiological testing of biopsies taken at the subsequent surgery. Three other patients developed a further septic episode but none required another revision.These results suggest that a single-stage revision can produce comparable results to a two-stage revision. Single-stage revision offers a reduction in costs as well as less morbidity and inconvenience for patients.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:759–64.
The Unified Classification System (UCS): improving our understanding of periprosthetic fractures
Authors: Duncan C. P. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: June 2014

Periprosthetic fractures are an increasingly common complication following joint replacement. The principles which underpin their evaluation and treatment are common across the musculoskeletal system. The Unified Classification System proposes a rational approach to treatment, regardless of the bone that is broken or the joint involved.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:713–16.