bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contested Rights of Local Communities and Indigenous Peoples in Conflicts over Biocultural Diversity: The case of Karen communities in Thung Yai, a World Heritage Site in Thailand
Authors: BUERGIN REINER 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe conceptualization of interrelations between biological and cultural diversity since the 1980s indicates a biocultural turn in discourses and policies regarding nature conservation, sustainable development, and indigenous peoples. These interrelations frequently manifest as conflicts between local communities who derive their livelihoods and identity from their lands and resources, and external actors and institutions who claim control over these areas, invoking superior interests in nature conservation, development, and modernization. In these asymmetric conflicts over biocultural diversity, framed in discourses that demand the preservation of both biological and cultural diversity, the opportunities for local communities to assert their claims crucially depend on external discursive and legal frameworks.Based on a study of the Karen ethnic minority groups in the Thung Yai World Heritage Site in Thailand, this article explores challenges and chances for local communities to assert claims and rights to lands, resources, and self-determination in the context of the biocultural turn in environment and development discourses as well as heterogeneous legal frameworks. Human rights as individual rights are widely recognized, but may be difficult to enforce and of limited suitability in conflicts over biocultural diversity. Group rights like indigenous rights are increasingly devised to protect ethnic minorities and perpetuate cultural diversity, but are often disputed on the national level and may be ambiguous regarding heterogeneous communities. In Thailand and globally, community rights provide another promising framework with regard to conflicts over biocultural diversity if the claims of communities to livelihoods and self-determination are respected.
Is cystic echinoccocosis re-emerging in western Spain?
Authors: LOPEZ-BERNUS A. , BELHASSEN-GARCÍA M. , CARPIO-PEREZ A. , PEREZ DEL VILLAR L. , ROMERO-ALEGRIA A. , VELASCO-TIRADO V. , MURO A. , PARDO-LLEDIAS J. , CORDERO-SÁNCHEZ M. , ALONSO-SARDÓN M. 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYCystic echinococcosis (CE) remains an important health problem in many areas of the world, including the Mediterranean region. We performed a retrospective study of cases reported from 1998 to 2012 in order to review and update the epidemiology of this disease in a highly endemic area situated in western Spain. A total of 471 patients were diagnosed with hydatid disease. Of these cases, 55·8% were male, with an average age of 62·3 ± 19·5 years. More importantly, 1·5% of patients were children, and 20·5% were aged <45 years. An active therapeutic approach was implemented for 92·6% of the CE patients with primary diagnoses; however, a ‘watch and wait’ strategy was used in 59·3% of all secondary CE diagnoses. The incidence rate of hydatid disease was significantly higher compared to the incidence described in the Notifiable Disease System in this area. Furthermore, a significant decrease in hydatid incidence during the years included in the study was observed (β = −0·4357, P < 0·001). CE incidence has diminished in recent years, although active transmission remains in paediatric cases. Additionally, CE incidence remains high in our region despite public health plans for its control. The documented incidence of CE disease clearly underestimates the real numbers.
Localization of the Trace Elements Iron, Zinc and Selenium in Relation to Anatomical Structures in Bovine Ovaries by X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Ceko Melanie J. , Hummitzsch Katja , Bonner Wendy M. , Aitken Jade B. , Spiers Kathryn M. , Rodgers Raymond J. , Harris Hugh H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractX-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to image 40 histological cross-sections of bovine ovaries (n=19), focusing on structures including: antral follicles at different stages of growth or atresia, corpora lutea at three stages of development (II–IV), and capillaries, arterioles, and other blood vessels. This method identified three key trace elements [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se)] within the ovarian tissue which appeared to be localized to specific structures. Owing to minimal preprocessing of the ovaries, important high-resolution information regarding the spatial distribution of these elements was obtained with elemental trends and colocalizations of Fe and Zn apparent, as well as the infrequent appearance of Se surrounding the antrum of large follicles, as previously reported. The ability to use synchrotron radiation to measure trace element distributions in bovine ovaries at such high resolution and over such large areas could have a significant impact on understanding the mechanisms of ovarian development. This research is intended to form a baseline study of healthy ovaries which can later be extended to disease states, thereby improving our current understanding of infertility and endocrine diseases involving the ovary.
Effect of roller-crimper technology on weed management in organic zucchini production in a Mediterranean climate zone
Authors: Ciaccia Corrado , Canali Stefano , Campanelli Gabriele , Testani Elena , Montemurro Francesco , Leteo Fabrizio , Delate Kathleen 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIntegrating cover crops into vegetable cropping systems can provide a wide range of ecological services, of which weed management is a key component. Cover crop effects on weed control, however, are dependent on termination methods and weed species present in specific cropping seasons. A 2-year weed management experiment with two cultivars of organic zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) in central Italy was carried out to compare the effect of a barley (Hordeum distichum L.) cover crop terminated with a modified roller-crimper (RC) to incorporated barley as green manure (GM) and a tilled control left fallow (FA) in the off-season. The effects of cover-crop management on crop competitiveness, yields and weed populations were evaluated by direct measurement, visual estimation and competition index methods. Results showed a significant reduction in weed biomass (>80%) and weed abundance with the RC compared to the GM and FA treatments. Moreover, the RC barley mulch maintained weed control in zucchini plots even under high weed pressure, as determined by the agronomic tolerance to competition (ATC) value of 67% in the RC treatment compared to 40 and 34% in the FA and GM treatments, respectively, averaged over both years of the experiment. The competitive balance (Cb), which quantified the ability of the zucchini crop to compete with weed populations, was also greater (+0.37) in the RC treatment compared to FA (−0.87) and GM (−0.69) treatments over the same period. Zucchini crop biomass was greatest in the RC treatment in 2011. Zucchini fruit yields varied from an average over both years of 1.4 Mg ha−1 in the RC treatment to 0.7 Mg ha−1 in the GM treatment, but yields in the FA treatment, 1.2 Mg ha−1, did not differ from the RC treatment. No differences in yield between ‘Dietary’ and ‘Every’ zucchini, or any significant interactions between cultivar and cover management related to fruit biomass, were observed. Our findings suggested the viability of the modified RC in creating a barley cover-crop mulch to effectively manage weeds and enhance yields in transplanted zucchini.
KRAS oncogene repression in colon cancer cell lines by G-quadruplex binding indolo[3,2-c]quinolines
Authors: Lavrado João , Brito Hugo , Borralho Pedro M. , Ohnmacht Stephan A. , Kim Nam-Soon , Leitão Clara , Pisco Sílvia , Gunaratnam Mekala , Rodrigues Cecília M. P. , Moreira Rui , Neidle Stephen , Paulo Alexandra 
Published: April 2015

AbstractKRAS is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human cancer, yet remaining undruggable. To explore a new therapeutic strategy, a library of 5-methyl-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline derivatives (IQc) with a range of alkyldiamine side chains was designed to target DNA and RNA G-quadruplexes (G4) in the promoter and 5′-UTR mRNA of the KRAS gene. Biophysical experiments showed that di-substituted IQc compounds are potent and selective KRAS G4 stabilizers. They preferentially inhibit the proliferation of KRAS mutant cancer cell lines (0.22 < IC50 < 4.80 μM), down-regulate KRAS promoter activity in a luciferase reporter assay and reduce both KRAS mRNA and p21KRAS steady-state levels in mutant KRAS colon cancer cell lines. Additionally, IQcs induce cancer cell death by apoptosis, explained in part by their capacity to repress KRAS expression. Overall, the results suggest that targeting mutant KRAS at the gene level with G4 binding small molecules is a promising anticancer strategy.
Luminescence studies on green emitting InGaN/GaN MQWs implanted with nitrogen
Authors: Sousa Marco A. , Esteves Teresa C. , Sedrine Nabiha Ben , Rodrigues Joana , Lourenço Márcio B. , Redondo-Cubero Andrés , Alves Eduardo , O'Donnell Kevin P. , Bockowski Michal , Wetzel Christian , Correia Maria R. , Lorenz Katharina , Monteiro Teresa 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe studied the optical properties of metalorganic chemical vapour deposited (MOCVD) InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQW) subjected to nitrogen (N) implantation and post-growth annealing treatments. The optical characterization was carried out by means of temperature and excitation density-dependent steady state photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, supplemented by room temperature PL excitation (PLE) and PL lifetime (PLL) measurements. The as-grown and as-implanted samples were found to exhibit a single green emission band attributed to localized excitons in the QW, although the N implantation leads to a strong reduction of the PL intensity. The green band was found to be surprisingly stable on annealing up to 1400°C. A broad blue band dominates the low temperature PL after thermal annealing in both samples. This band is more intense for the implanted sample, suggesting that defects generated by N implantation, likely related to the diffusion/segregation of indium (In), have been optically activated by the thermal treatment.
A novel autonomous real-time position method based on polarized light and geomagnetic field
Authors: Wang Yinlong , Chu Jinkui , Zhang Ran , Wang Lu , Wang Zhiwen 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMany animals exploit polarized light in order to calibrate their magnetic compasses for navigation. For example, some birds are equipped with biological magnetic and celestial compasses enabling them to migrate between the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. The Vikings' ability to derive true direction from polarized light is also widely accepted. However, their amazing navigational capabilities are still not completely clear. Inspired by birds' and Vikings' ancient navigational skills. Here we present a combined real-time position method based on the use of polarized light and geomagnetic field. The new method works independently of any artificial signal source with no accumulation of errors and can obtain the position and the orientation directly. The novel device simply consists of two polarized light sensors, a 3-axis compass and a computer. The field experiments demonstrate device performance.
Research Forum on Challenges in Hearing Health Care for the Oldest Older Adults
Authors: Dubno Judy R. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
The purpose of this article is to introduce the invited Research Forum on challenges in hearing health care for the oldest older adults, which was presented at the 2014 HEaring Across the Lifespan conference (HEAL 2014).

Method
A brief overview of the three presentations in the special session is provided along with general conclusions.

Conclusions
Hearing health care needs of the oldest older adults are multifactorial and are related to auditory and cognitive declines; social, emotional, and lifestyle changes; and increasing physical disabilities and other comorbidities. Improved clinical outcomes for hearing health require personalized needs assessments by interprofessional teams and shared decision making on treatment options.
Design and application of high‐power cavity‐backed helical antenna with unit ceramic radome
Authors: Li Xiangqiang , Liu Qingxiang , Zhang Jianqiong 
Published: April 2015

A high‐power cavity‐backed helical antenna with a unit ceramic radome is proposed and investigated for the first time. The helical antenna uses a unit ceramic radome to realise a vacuum seal for a single‐element antenna, and the radome is designed in a thin‐wall structure to maintain low insertion loss. The proposed antenna uses a backed cavity in a cylindrical structure to reduce the mutual coupling among elements. An S‐band antenna prototype with a centre frequency of 2.856 GHz is designed and optimised. The performance of the antenna is simulated, including radiation performances and the power‐handling capacity. This antenna is applied in an S‐band 16‐element sub‐array and a 256‐element array antenna. The experiment results validate that this antenna can realise favourable circularly polarised radiation in its axial direction in the frequency range of 2.7–3.0 GHz, and the average power‐handling capacity for a single‐element antenna is at least ∼4.7 MW.
Le récepteur de l’apeline
Authors: Masri Bernard , Dray Cédric , Knauf Claude , Valet Philippe , Castan-Laurell Isabelle 
Published: April 2015

Le gène codant pour le récepteur de l’apeline (APJ) a été cloné dès 1993, et son ligand identifié en 1998. L’expression du récepteur APJ au niveau du système nerveux central, notamment dans l’hypothalamus, ainsi que dans divers tissus (cœur, vaisseaux, estomac, etc.), en fait une cible pharmacologique de choix. En effet, les recherches sur APJ ont permis le développement de molécules essentiellement peptidiques permettant d’activer et/ou de bloquer le récepteur et, plus récemment, de découvrir un autre ligand endogène : apela. Parmi les fonctions régulées par le système APJ/apeline, le contrôle du métabolisme énergétique apparaît aujourd’hui au tout premier plan. Une meilleure connaissance de la pharmacologie du récepteur APJ devrait donc permettre d’envisager une approche thérapeutique innovante dans la lutte contre les maladies métaboliques.
Identification par deux criblages simultanés indépendants d’une famille d’inhibiteurs du métabolisme des glycérolipides
Authors: Chevalier Florian , Maréchal Éric 
Published: April 2015

Chez les eucaryotes, l’acide phosphatidique (AP) et le diacylglycérol (DAG) forment un couple de métabolites interconvertibles qui constitue à la fois un véritablehubmétabolique, à la base de tous les glycérolipides membranaires, et un système de signalisation extrêmement versatile. Deux criblages pharmacologiques indépendants réalisés sur des cibles végétales et humaines ont conduit à l’identification d’une nouvelle classe de composés agissant sur des enzymes se liant à l’AP ou au DAG, dans des contextes biologiques qui semblaient à première vue indépendants. D’une part, chez les plantes, les monogalactosyldiacylglycérol synthases (MGDG synthases ou MGD) sont responsables de la production de MGDG, qui est le lipide le plus abondant des membranes photosynthétiques et, de ce fait, est essentiel au métabolisme et au développement. Les MGD utilisent comme substrat le DAG. D’autre part, chez les mammifères, les phospholipases de type D (PLD), qui produisent de l’AP par hydrolyse de glycérolipides, sont impliquées dans des cascades de signalisation contrôlant un large spectre de fonctions cellulaires, et jouent un rôle lors du développement des cancers. Les deux criblages pharmacologiques indépendants décrits dans cet article avaient pour objectif d’identifier des molécules inhibant, dans un cas, les MGD d’Arabidopsis, une plante modèle et, dans un autre cas, les PLD humaines. Les molécules obtenues sont dans les deux cas des dérivés des pipéridinyl-benzimidazolones, ce qui permet de proposer cette famille de molécules comme une nouvelle source d’inspiration dans la recherche de composés actifs sur le métabolisme des glycérolipides ; ces molécules pourraient être utiles dans d’autres contextes biologiques et thérapeutiques.
Les souffrances et les maladies dans l’histoire
Authors: Coste Joël 
Published: April 2015

L’étude des souffrances et des maladies dans les écrits médicaux anciens apporte des données sur la réalité historique et la dynamique des phénomènes pathologiques, leur émergence, leur diffusion et leurs relations avec l’environnement physique et humain. Elle éclaire aussi la manière dont ont été élaborées les entités qualifiées de « maladie » ou considérées comme telles par la médecine, et questionne, au même titre que les études transculturelles, l’universalité des catégories pathologiques employées. L’intérêt de cette étude pour la médecine et la santé publique contemporaines est illustré par l’analyse de quelques textes choisis duxviiie siècle français.
Effect of Tides, River Flow, and Gate Operations on Entrainment of Juvenile Salmon into the Interior Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta
Authors: Perry Russell W. , Brandes Patricia L. , Burau Jon R. , Sandstrom Philip T. , Skalski John R. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractJuvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha emigrating from natal tributaries of the Sacramento River, California, must negotiate the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta (hereafter, the Delta), a complex network of natural and man‐made channels linking the Sacramento River with San Francisco Bay. Fish that enter the interior and southern Delta—the region to the south of the Sacramento River where water pumping stations are located—survive at a lower rate than fish that use alternative migration routes. Consequently, total survival decreases as the fraction of the population entering the interior Delta increases, thus spurring management actions to reduce the proportion of fish that are entrained into the interior Delta. To better inform management actions, we modeled entrainment probability as a function of hydrodynamic variables. We fitted alternative entrainment models to telemetry data that identified when tagged fish in the Sacramento River entered two river channels leading to the interior Delta (Georgiana Slough and the gated Delta Cross Channel). We found that the probability of entrainment into the interior Delta through both channels depended strongly on the river flow and tidal stage at the time of fish arrival at the river junction. Fish that arrived during ebb tides had a low entrainment probability, whereas fish that arrived during flood tides (i.e., when the river's flow was reversed) had a high probability of entering the interior Delta. We coupled our entrainment model with a flow simulation model to evaluate the effect of nighttime closures of the Delta Cross Channel gates on the daily probability of fish entrainment into the interior Delta. Relative to 24‐h gate closures, nighttime closures increased daily entrainment probability by 3 percentage points on average if fish arrived at the river junction uniformly throughout the day and by only 1.3 percentage points if 85% of fish arrived at night. We illustrate how our model can be used to evaluate the effects of alternative water management actions on fish entrainment into the interior Delta.
Isolation and characterization of bacterial strains with the ability to utilize high concentrations of levulinic acid, a platform chemical from inedible biomass
Authors: Habe Hiroshi , Sato Shun , Morita Tomotake , Fukuoka Tokuma , Kirimura Kohtaro , Kitamoto Dai 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Nineteen levulinic acid (LA)-utilizing bacteria were isolated from environmental samples. Following examination of the use of 80 g/L LA by some isolated strains, Brevibacterium epidermidis LA39–2 consumed 62.6 g/L LA following 8 days incubation. The strain also utilized both 90 and 100 g/L LA, with consumption ratio of 84.3 and 53.3%, respectively, after 10 days incubation.
The effects of static stretching on speed and agility: One or multiple repetition protocols?
Authors: Avloniti Alexandra , Chatzinikolaou Athanasios , Fatouros Ioannis G. , Protopapa Maria , Athanailidis Ioannis , Avloniti Christina , Leontsini Diamanda , Mavropalias George , Jamurtas Athanasios Z. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAlthough static stretching (SS) is utilized during warm‐up before training and competition, the results about its effects on performance remain controversial. We examined whether performing a stretch of short‐to‐moderate duration (<60 sec) in a single repetition produces a similar or different effect on speed and agility performance from the effect which is produced while performing the same stretch in multiple repetitions of the same total duration. According to a repeated measurement design, 40 trained males were randomly assigned to either (1) a single repetition group or (2) a multiple repetition group. The participants in each group performed five trials: a control trial (no stretches were performed) and four experimental trials of SS protocols consisting of five exercises performed at either 20 sec (2 × 10 in the second group), 30 sec (3 × 10 in the second group), 40 sec (4 × 10 in the second group) or 60 sec (6 × 10 in the second group) of total duration. A two‐way repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the participants in both group improved their speed performance in response to the 20‐sec trial, whereas agility remained unaffected. Data analysis also revealed that the repetition number did not affect speed and agility performance. These data suggest that SS of short duration (<30 sec) may actually improve acute speed performance, whereas SS of moderate duration may not hamper speed and agility performance. Moreover, the effects of SS protocols are related to the total duration of each exercise and not to the number of repetitions in which each exercise is performed.
Simulating the Trophic Impacts of Fishery Policy Options on the West Florida Shelf Using Ecopath with Ecosim
Authors: Chagaris David D. , Mahmoudi Behzad , Walters Carl J. , Allen Micheal S. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The recovery of several top predators in the Gulf of Mexico is likely to increase predation on and competition with other target and nontarget species, possibly causing the abundance of those species to decline. While changes are taking place at the upper trophic levels, exploitation of prey species and climate change are altering productivity at the lower levels. An Ecopath with Ecosim model was developed to simulate the ecosystem impacts of Reef Fish Fishery Management Plan Amendment 30B (which aims to rebuild Gag Mycteroperca microlepis) and Amendment 31 (which reduces effort in the longline fishery). We also evaluated the impact of a hypothetical increase in the exploitation of baitfish and future changes to phytoplankton productivity. The model predicted that rebuilding Gag will cause the biomass of Black Sea Bass Centropristis striata to be 20% lower than it is now and those of Black Grouper M. bonaci, King Mackerel Scomberomorus cavalla, and other shallow-water groupers to be 5–10% lower. Reducing effort in the longline fishery will lead to biomass declines for Black Sea Bass (13%) and Vermilion Snapper Rhomboplites aurorubens (7%). Harvesting baitfish at historically high levels caused the biomass of Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus, Vermilion Snapper, Greater Amberjack Seriola dumerili, King Mackerel, and numerous species of dolphins and seabirds to be 5–12% lower after 20 years, while biomass increased for species whose diet consists of benthic-associated prey. This paper demonstrates that ecosystem models can be used to quantify the potential ecological impacts of management goals and that the predictions of such models should be considered alongside stock projections from single-species models that assume a constant environment. We intend for this research effort to lead to a more focused and coherent strategy for ecosystem-based fishery management in the Gulf of Mexico.
Received January 30, 2014; accepted September 9, 2014