bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and Creep Property of Isothermal Forging GH4169G Superalloy
Authors: Li Zhenrong , Ma Chunlei , Tian Sugui , Chen Liqing , Liu Xianghua 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBy means of direct aging, microstructure observation and creep property measurement, the microstructure and creep behaviors of GH4169G superalloy are investigated. Results show that, after direct aging, the grain size is inhomogeneous in the alloy, and some δ precipitates discontinuously distribute in the grain and along the boundaries, which may improve the bonding strength of the boundaries. Under the experimental conditions, the creep activation energy of the alloy during steady-state creep are calculated to be Q = 594.7 kJ/mol. During creep, the deformation features of the alloy are twinning deformation and dislocations slipping in the matrix. As creep goes on, deformed dislocations pile up near the boundary regions to induce stress concentration for promoting the initiation and propagation of cracks along boundaries.
Effect of Liquid-phase Siliconizing Process on Silicon Diffusion Behavior in Mo Matrix
Authors: Zhang Ying-Yi , Li Yun-Gang , Shi Xue-Feng , Qi Yuan-Hong 
Published: February 2014

AbstractMoSi2 functionally graded coating on Mo substrate is prepared by liquid-phase siliconizing technology. The SEM, GDS and XRD analysis shows that the silicon content in gradient layer appears in three changing regularities. Along the Mo substrate to the surface of the coating, the phase composition of gradient coating changes as follows: Mo → transition layer Mo (main phase) + Mo3Si + Mo5Si3 → intermediate layer MoSi2 → surface layer MoSi2 (main phase) + Si. According to the Si-Mo diffusion couple and Arrhenius equation, the activation energy (Q) was obtained as 430 kJ·mol−1, and the Arrhenius dependence of D on temperature can be described as D = 4.9 × 10−3 exp(−430000/RT) m2/s. The diffusion temperature has an important influence on silicon diffusion coefficient. As the diffusion temperature increases, silicon diffusion coefficient is also gradually increasing.
The Origin of the Second Centriole in the Zygote ofDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Blachon Stephanie , Khire Atul , Avidor-Reiss Tomer 
Published: February 2014

AbstractCentrosomes are composed of two centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material (PCM). However, the sperm and the oocyte modify or lose their centrosomes. Consequently, how the zygote establishes its first centrosome, and in particular, the origin of the second zygotic centriole, is uncertain. Drosophila melanogaster spermatids contain a single centriole called the Giant Centriole (GC) and a Proximal centriole-like (PCL) structure whose function is unknown. We found that, like the centriole, the PCL loses its protein markers at the end of spermiogenesis. After fertilization, the first two centrioles are observed via the recruitment of the zygotic PCM proteins and are seen in asterless mutant embryos that cannot form centrioles. The zygote’s centriolar proteins label only the daughter centrioles of the first two centrioles. These observations demonstrate that the PCL is the origin for the second centriole in the Drosophila zygote and that a paternal centriole precursor, without centriolar proteins, is transmitted to the egg during fertilization.
“Seeing” the Resonant SPP Modes Confined in Metal Nanocavity via Cathodoluminescne Spectroscopy
Authors: Chuanpu Liu , Xinli Zhu , Jiasen Zhang , Jun Xu , Dapeng Yu 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT:Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), which are coupled excitations of electrons bound to a metal-dielectric interface, show great potential for application in future nanoscale photonic systems due to the strong field confinement at the nanoscale, intensive local field enhancement, and interplay between strongly localized and propagating SPPs. The fabrication of sufficiently smooth metal surface with nanoscale feature size is crucial for SPPs to have practical applications. A template stripping (ST) method combined with PMMA as a template was successfully developed to create extraordinarily smooth metal nanostructures with a desirable feature size and morphology for plasmonics and metamaterials. The advantages of this method, including the high resolution, precipitous top-to bottom profile with a high aspect ratio, and three-dimensional characteristics, make it very suitable for the fabrication of plasmonic structures. By using this ST method, boxing ring-shaped nanocavities have been fabricated and the confined modes of surface plasmon polaritons in these nanocavities have been investigated and imaged by using cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy, which has been turned out to be a powerful means to characterize the resonant SPPs modes confined in metal nanocavities [1∼5] . The mode of the out-of-plane field components of surface plasmon polaritons dominates the experimental mode patterns, indicating that the electron beam locally excites the out-of-plane field component of surface plasmon polaritons. Quality factors can be directly acquired from the spectra induced by the ultrasmooth surface of the cavity and the high reflectivity of the silver (Ag) reflectors. Because of its three-dimensional confined characteristics and the omnidirectional reflectors, the nanocavity exhibits a small modal volume, small total volume, rich resonant modes, and flexibility in mode control. Numerous applications, such as plasmonic filter, nanolaser, and efficient light-emitting devices, can be expected to arise from these developments.
Enhancement of luminescence quantum yield of 1.5 µm emission from Er-doped SiO2 sensitized with Si nanocrystals
Authors: Saeed S. , Gregorkiewicz T. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTExcitation of multiple Er3+ ions upon absorption of a single high-energy photon increases Er-related emission at 1.5 μm, and therefore enhances UV/visible-to-IR photon conversion efficiency. Here we investigate this effect for layers of Er-doped SiO2 sensitized with silicon nanocrystals by measuring the quantum yield of 1.5 µm Er-related emission. We demonstrate dramatic increase of the emission commencing for excitation energies above a certain threshold value, as the number of Er3+ ions excited upon absorption of a single incoming photon increases. By comparing differently prepared materials, we show that the actual value of this threshold energy and the rate of the observed increase of the quantum yield depend on sample characteristics – the size of Si nanocrystals and the ratio of Er3+ ions and nanocrystals concentrations.
The Use of Enamel Matrix Derivative in Two‐Stage Guided Bone Regeneration Procedures
Authors: Miller Robert J. 
Published: February 2014

Introduction: Frequently, clinicians are confronted with situations that require the regeneration of a deficient alveolar ridge before implant placement. This is often the result of the extraction of hopelessly compromised teeth. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been used successfully in the treatment of periodontal disease, including guided tissue regeneration, and the treatment of mucogingival defects. Although the exact mechanism of action is not clearly understood, there may in fact be more uses for this product. This case series reviews a proposed mechanism of action of EMD and depicts its effective use in guided bone regeneration (GBR).Case Series: Three cases requiring GBR were treated with a mixture of human freeze‐dried bone and EMD. The teeth were extracted, sockets were thoroughly debrided, and the defects were filled with the EMD‐saturated allograft. Dental implants were placed after 10 to 16 weeks of hard and soft tissue maturation.Conclusions: The use of a freeze‐dried bone allograft saturated with EMD can be used successfully in GBR. Three cases demonstrate both horizontal and vertical bone regeneration with successful implant placement.
The supreme court of Canada and the offender’s right to be transferred to serve his sentence in Canada: interpreting the international transfer of offenders act in light of Canada’s national and international human rights obligations
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
In September 2013 in the case of Divito v Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness) the Supreme Court of Canada dealt with the issue of whether section 6(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the Charter, which grants Canadians the right to enter Canada was violated in a case where the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness declined to consent to the transfer of a Canadian citizen to serve his sentence in Canada where the sentencing state had consented to the transfer. Another issue was whether sections 8(1) and 10(1)(a) and 10(2)(a) of the International Transfer of Offenders Act, which granted the Minister the discretion to consent or not to consent to the transfer, were contrary to section 6(1) of the Charter. In resolving the above issues, the Court referred to its earlier jurisprudence, academic publications and international law. Although the Court agreed with the government that the appeal was moot because the appellant had left the USA by the time it was heard, it held that it retained “a residual discretion to decide the merits of a moot appeal if the issues raised are of public importance” and that this case was one of public importance because “[t]he issues are likely to recur in the future and there is some uncertainty resulting from conflicting decisions in the Federal Court.” The purpose of this article is to highlight the interpretative tools invoked by the court and the implications of the judgement.
Mega events as a pretext for infrastructural development: the case of the All African Games Athletes Village, Alexandra, Johannesburg
Authors: Gunter Ashley 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe hosting of mega events in the Global South has become a symbol of prestige and national pride. From the hosting of international mega events such as the world cup, to regional events like the Commonwealth Games, developing nations are hosting mega events frequently and on a massive scale. Often used as a justification for this escapade in hosting a mega event is the purposed infrastructural legacy that will remain after the event. From the bid documents of the London Olympics to the Delhi Common Wealth Games, the pretext of infrastructural legacy is cited as a legitimate reason for spending the billions of dollars needed for hosting the event. This paper looks at this justification in the context of the All Africa Games which was hosted in Johannesburg, South Africa in 1999. It examines how the legacy infrastructure from this event has been utilised as a social housing development and how the billions of dollars spent on the infrastructural legacy of the games has been used by local residence of the city. The vast majority of the current residence of the All Africa Games Athletes’ Village have little recollection of the Games and do not feel that the housing stock they have received is of significantly better quality than that of other social housing. This points to the contentious claim that developmental infrastructure built through hosting a mega event is of superior quality or brings greater benefit to the end users. That is not to say that hosting a mega event does not have benefits; however, the claim of development through hosting, in the case of Johannesburg, seems disingenuous.
Aging population in change – a crucial challenge for structurally weak rural areas in Austria
Authors: Fischer Tatjana 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBesides population decline, structurally weak rural areas in Austria face a new challenge related to demographic change: the increasing heterogeneity of their aging population. From the example of the so-called ‘best agers’ - comprising people aged 55 to 65 years - this contribution makes visible patterns and consequences of growing individualized spatial behaviour and spatial perception. Furthermore, contradictions between claims, wishes and expectations and actual engagement and commitment to their residential rural municipalities are being pointed out. These empirically-based facts are rounded off by considerations on the best agers’ future migration-behaviour and the challenges for spatial planning at the municipal level.
Recent demographic trends in the northern borderland between Italy and Slovenia: Stabilization or further redistribution of population?
Authors: Josipovič Damir 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe contribution presents findings from the research on a constitution of new ethnic identities in Alps-Adriatic region. The key question dealt here with was to which extent the recent demographical processes impact the peripheral, mountainous, and ethnically specific cross-border region between Slovenia and Italy. In lay and professional discourse there is still omnipresent mentality of extinguishing Slovene minority in Italy. Applying various demographical methods the article resolves the demographical processes and quantifies the extent of the local Slovene speakers. The author argues that the recent demographical processes of heavy depopulation tend to stabilize towards stagnation. Depopulation is stronger in the Slovenian part of the region, though the traditional Slovene-speaking areas in Italy aren’t as threatened as the adjacent Friulian areas. New migration trends along with the generally low fertility contribute to changes in traditional dualistic structure and bring refreshment to remote parts of the border region as well.
Taxonomical, Morphological, Ecological And Chorological Notes On Oxybasis Chenopodioides And O. Rubra (Chenopodiaceae) In Italy
Authors: Iamonico Duilio 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
On the basis of floristic surveys, examination of herbarium specimens and review of literature, notes on the taxonomy, morphology, and ecological features are given of Oxybasis chenopodioides and morphologically fairly similar Oxybasis rubra. Their distributions in Italy according to Provinces are discussed and mapped.
SELECTED ASPECTS OF ACTS OF LAW CONCERNING CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION / WYBRANE ASPEKTY PRAWNE W ZAKRESIE ZARZĄDZANIA KRYZYSOWEGO I OCHRONY INFRASTRUKTURY KRYTYCZNEJ
Authors: Siergiejczyk Mirosław , Dziula Przemysław 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The paper presents principle aspects of law acts concerning crisis management, currently in force in the Republic of Poland. Fundamental definitions and assumptions included in them, with a special focus on critical infrastructure and its protection, have been also shown. The paper presents also latest alterations of Polish legislation relating crisis management, inspired by respective changes of European Union directives. Article is also mentioning tasks of newly established public administration institutions, appointed on the basis of crisis management related legislation implementation, plus, concerned with them, new obligation of so called: sole and dependent owners of critical infrastructure systems.
On the asymptotic form of convex hulls of Gaussian random fields
Authors: Davydov Youri , Paulauskas Vygantas 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
We consider a centered Gaussian random field X = {X
t : t ∈ T} with values in a Banach space $$\mathbb{B}$$ defined on a parametric set T equal to ℝm or ℤm. It is supposed that the distribution of X
t is independent of t. We consider the asymptotic behavior of closed convex hulls W
n = conv{X
t : t ∈ T
n}, where (T
n) is an increasing sequence of subsets of T. We show that under some conditions of weak dependence for the random field under consideration and some sequence (b
n)n≥1 with probability 1, (in the sense of Hausdorff distance), where the limit set is the concentration ellipsoid of . The asymptotic behavior of the mathematical expectations Ef(W
n), where f is some function, is also studied.
Hypergeometric solutions of the quantum differential equation of the cotangent bundle of a partial flag variety
Authors: Tarasov Vitaly , Varchenko Alexander 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
We describe hypergeometric solutions of the quantum differential equation of the cotangent bundle of a $$\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_n$$ partial flag variety. These hypergeometric solutions manifest the Landau-Ginzburg mirror symmetry for the cotangent bundle of a partial flag variety.
The separation of TM and TE wave in multi-layer metamaterial structure
Authors: Xia Lijuan , Yu Guanxia , Wang Qian 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA mixed-structure form of one-dimensional metamaterial structure composed of single negative permittivity material and anisotropic metamaterial has been investigated in this paper. Such a multi-layer metamaterial structure constitutes special resonant structures, which can be used to control wave propagation and realize the complete separation of TM and TE wave by choosing specific parameters. Theoretical analysis and numerical calculations have been performed to confirm the above results. Specifically, augments in incident angles of TM and TE waves make complete transmission frequencies right shift, and the thicknesses of this resonant structure determine propagation modes and propagation frequencies.
UNSOLVED PROBLEMS
Authors: Strauch Oto 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
In this paper there are given problems from the Unsolved Problems Section on the homepage of the journal Uniform Distribution Theory <http://www.boku.ac.at/MATH/udt/unsolvedproblems.pdf> It contains 38 items and 5 overviews collected by the author and by Editors of UDT. They are focused at uniform distribution theory, more accurate, distri- bution functions of sequences, logarithm of primes, Euler totient function, van der Corput sequence, ratio sequences, set of integers of positive density, exponen- tial sequences, moment problems, Benford’s law, Gauss-Kuzmin theorem, Duffin- Schaeffer conjecture, extremes fQ fQ F(x,y)dg(x,y) over copulas g(x,y), sum- -of-digits sequence, etc. Some of them inspired new research activities. The aim of this printed version is publicity.
LOGARITHMIC SIGNATURES FOR ABELIAN GROUPS AND THEIR FACTORIZATION
Authors: Svaba Pavol , Trung Tran van , Wolf Paul 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Factorizable logarithmic signatures for finite groups are the essential component of the cryptosystems MST1 and MST3. The problem of finding efficient algorithms for factoring group elements with respect to a given class of logarithmic signatures is therefore of vital importance in the investigation of these cryptosystems. In this paper we are concerned about the factorization algorithms with respect to transversal and fused transversal logarithmic signatures for finite abelian groups. More precisely we present algorithms and their complexity for factoring group elements with respect to these classes of logarithmic signatures. In particular, we show a factoring algorithm with respect to the class of fused transversal logarithmic signatures and also its complexity based on an idea of Blackburn, Cid and Mullan for finite abelian groups.
CRYPTANALYSIS OF GOST IN THE MULTIPLE-KEY SCENARIO
Authors: Courtois Nicolas T. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
GOST 28147-89 is a well-known 256-bit block cipher. In 2010 GOST was submitted to ISO, to become an international standard. Then many academic attacks which allow to break full GOST faster than brute force have been found. The fastest known single-key attack on GOST for 264 of data is 2179 of [Courtois, N.: An improved differential attack on full GOST, Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2012/138, http://eprint.iacr.org/2012/138] and for 232 of data it is 2191 of [Courtois, N.: Algebraic complexity reduction and cryptanalysis of GOST, Preprint, 2010-13, http://eprint.iacr.org/2011/626]. Other results are slower but require significantly less memory [Courtois, N.: Algebraic complexity reduction and cryptanalysis of GOST, Preprint, 2010-2013, http://eprint.iacr.org/2011/626], [Dinur, I.-Dunkelman, O.-Shamir, A.: Improved attacks on full GOST, in: Fast Software Encryption-FSE ’12, 19th Internat. Workshop, Washington, USA, 2012, Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci., Vol. 7549, Springer, Berlin, 2012, pp. 9-28, http://eprint.iacr.org/2011/558/]. The common stereotype is that these will be “the best” attacks on GOST. However, ciphers are not used in practice with single keys, on the contrary. In this paper we intend to show that there exist attacks on GOST which are more versatile and even somewhat more “practical” than the best single key attack. We argument that multiple random key attacks not single key attacks, are more practical and more likely to be executed in the real life. They recover keys when other attacks recover none. One can break some (weaker) GOST keys in a population of 256-bit keys generated at random with a TOTAL computational effort as low as 2120, this including the cost to examine also the cases in which the attack does not work. All our attacks are based on special non-trivial properties of data inside the cipher which however are such that keys for which the property does not hold can be rejected efficiently.
„RADOŚĆ WIDNOKRĘGÓW SZEROKICH”. O POEZJI BARBARY GROCHOLSKIEJ-KURKOWIAK / “THE JOY OF WIDE HORIZONS”: THE POETRY OF BARBARA GROCHOLSKA-KURKOWIAK
Authors: Skała Agata 
Published: February 2014

Summary
The poetry of Barbara Grocholska-Kurkowiak (born in 1927, a multiple national skiing champion and member of Poland’s Olympic team in the 1950s) is dominated by two themes, the mountains and the nature of common humanity. A characteristic mark of her poems - published in two volumes Pod otwartym niebem (Under Open Skies) and Zawisnąć w locie (To Hover in the Air) in 1999 and 2006 - is an exploration that goes under the surface of things in a persistent search for understanding. It is an understanding of herself and others encased in a poetic record of her deeply personal experiences, the fruit of a contemplative vision sensitive to the sacral dimensions of the world and its inhabitants. She is a poet of few words pressed in tight clusters between emphatic pauses - evocations of silence. No less emphatic are gaps between words that defy contextual propriety or are isolated by semantic fissures between the lines. There seems to be plenty of air in these rugged sentences, which seem to mimic the mountainous terrain with its joy of wide horizons and its promise of communication beyond language, by silence.