bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melody® pulmonary valve bacterial endocarditis: Experience in four pediatric patients and a review of the literature
Authors: Villafañe Juan , Baker George Hamilton , Austin Erle H. , Miller Stephen , Peng Lynn , Beekman Robert 
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesThe objectives of this manuscript are two‐fold: (a) to describe the clinical characteristics and management of four pediatric patients with bacterial endocarditis (BE) after Melody® pulmonary valve implantation (MPVI); and (b) to review the literature regarding Melody® pulmonary valve endocarditis.BackgroundThere are several reports of BE following MPVI. The clinical course, BE management and outcome remain poorly defined.MethodsThis is a multi‐center report of four pediatric patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and BE after MPVI. Clinical presentation, echocardiogram findings, infecting organism, BE management, and follow‐up assessment are described. We review available literature on Melody® pulmonary valve endocarditis and discuss the prognosis and challenges in the management of these patients.ResultsOf our four BE patients, two had documented vegetations and three showed worsening pulmonary stenosis. All patients remain asymptomatic after medical treatment (4) and surgical prosthesis replacement (3) at follow‐up of 17 to 40 months. Analysis of published data shows that over half of patients undergo bioprosthesis explantation and that there is a 13% overall mortality. The most common BE pathogens are the Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species.ConclusionsOur case series of four pediatric patients with repaired TOF confirms a risk for BE after MPVI. A high index of suspicion for BE should be observed after MPVI. All patients should be advised to follow lifelong BE prophylaxis after MPVI. In case of BE, surgery should be considered for valve dysfunction or no clinical improvement in spite of medical treatment. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of Microporous Activated Carbons Using Molecular Probe Method
Authors: Helmich Martin , Luckas Michael , Pasel Christoph , Bathen Dieter 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDie genaue Kenntnis der Porensysteme von Adsorbentien ist für wissenschaftliche und industrielle Anwendungen der Adsorption von großer Bedeutung. Trotz ihrer teils erheblichen Komplexität vereinfachen die aktuellen physikalischen Modelle zur Interpretation der N2‐Isothermen den tatsächlichen Adsorptionsprozess wodurch völlig unterschiedliche Porengrößenverteilungen berechnet werden. Die vorgestellte Probemolekülmethode ermöglicht durch die Vermessung von Reinstoffisothermen chemisch ähnlicher Probemoleküle steigender Größe unter Einführung weniger Approximationen die direkte Bestimmung eines Ausschnitts der Porengrößenverteilung im Bereich < 0,7 nm.
Short and long‐term repercussions of the experimental diabetes in embryofetal development
Authors: Bueno Aline , Sinzato Yuri Karen , Sudano Mateus José , Alvarenga Fernanda da Cruz Landim e , Calderon Iracema de Mattos Paranhos , Rudge Marilza Vieira Cunha , Damasceno Débora Cristina 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic pregnancy have increased rates of congenital malformation and neonatal mortality. In vitro studies suggest hyperglycemia associated with diabetes impair embryogenesis but in vivo investigations on maternal hyperglycemic insult and early embryo development are scarce. We evaluated the embryofetal development on experimental diabetes models to assess whether hyperglycemia at preimplantation period impairs the progression of pregnancy.MethodsDifferent hyperglycemic intensities were obtained by two experimental diabetes models. Female Sprague Dawley rats received streptozotocin at birth (mild diabetes) or at day 90 of life (severe diabetes). For both diabetic groups hyperglycemia was confirmed 5 days after diabetes induction and the mating was performed around 100 day of life. For preimplantation analysis, embryos were recovered at D4 of pregnancy. Another group of animals was submitted to laparotomy at D21 to assess contents of the uterus and fetal viability.ResultsMild (i) and Severe (ii) diabetes modified the early development. Degenerating embryos percentage was higher compared to control (11%) (i) 30.7%, (ii) 37.3%. Cell number mean dropped according to hyperglycemic intensity (control 30.57, (i) 21.42, (ii) 13.42). Pre and post‐implantation loss rates were higher in diabetic groups. The fetal viability also decreased from 96% in the control group to (i) 78.7% and (ii) 80.6%.ConclusionOur results show that during diabetic pregnancy, preimplantation embryos present decreased cell number due to higher apoptosis rates, which are dependent of the hyperglycemic intensity. Moreover, fetal viability was also decreased suggesting that the quality of these embryos at long‐term may be questioned. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How to Include Chromosome X in Your Genome‐Wide Association Study
Authors: König Inke R. , Loley Christina , Erdmann Jeanette , Ziegler Andreas 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTIn current genome‐wide association studies (GWAS), the analysis is usually focused on autosomal variants only, and the sex chromosomes are often neglected. Recently, a number of technical hurdles have been described that add to a reluctance of including chromosome X in a GWAS, including complications in genotype calling, imputation, and selection of test statistics. To overcome this, we provide a “how to” guide for analyzing X chromosomal data within a standard GWAS. Following a general pipeline for GWAS, we highlight the steps in which the X chromosome requires specific attention, and we give tentative advice for each of these. Through this, we show that by selection of sensible algorithms and parameter settings, the inclusion of chromosome X in GWAS is manageable. Closing this gap is expected to further elucidate the genetic background of complex diseases, especially of those with sex‐specific features.
Hollow fiber membrane process for SO2 removal from flue gas
Authors: Kim KeeHong , Kim JongHak , Lee HyungKeun 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, a polymeric membrane process was investigated to avoid the poisoning of CO2 sorbents with SO2 during the carbon capture and separation (CCS) process. Two types of hollow fiber composite membranes were prepared using poly(ether‐b‐amide) (PEBAX) and cellulose acetate (CA) as composite materials.RESULTSBoth of the composite membranes exhibit a trade‐off between the pure gas permeance and the ideal selectivity. The PEBAX1657/PEI exhibited higher permeance than CA/PES due to the morphology of the substrate and the effects of the coating material. A mixed‐gas separation experiment investigated the SO2 removal efficiency and the CO2 loss ratio. The SO2 removal efficiency and CO2 loss ratio were found to be positively correlated with the permeance of the gas components. A multi‐stage membrane process was designed to reduce the CO2 loss ratio with a 90% removal efficiency of SO2. Compared with a single‐stage process, the CO2 loss ratio was decreased by up to 16.1%, and the membrane area was estimated at 18.1 m2 for the multi‐stage process.CONCLUSIONA multi‐stage membrane process was designed using different types of membrane modules to decrease CO2 loss ratio without sacrificing SO2 removal efficiency. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Diffuse age‐related lumbar mri changes confound diagnosis of single (L5) root lesions
Authors: Botez Stephan A. , Zynda‐Weiss Andrea M. , Logigian Eric L. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: L5 radiculopathy has characteristic clinical and electrodiagnostic features including: radicular pain; weakness or denervation of hip abductors, ankle dorsiflexors, and inverters; and pre‐ganglionic dorsal foot sensory loss. It is unknown how often patients with this distinctive clinical–electrodiagnostic presentation have isolated L5‐root compression on neuroimaging or more widespread, possibly age‐related, lumbar neuroforaminal or spinal stenosis. Methods: A study‐blinded neuroradiologist quantitated lumbosacral neuroforaminal, lateral recess, and spinal stenosis in 26 consecutive patients with unilateral, clinically and EMG‐ascertained L5 monoradiculopathy, and quantitated a global neuroforaminal and spinal stenosis score (SSS). Results: Only 9 patients (35%) had isolated L5‐root compression, 14 (54%) had multi‐root compression, and 3 (12%) had normal neuroimaging. Increasing age correlated with SSS, and the 9 patients with isolated L5‐root compression were significantly younger than patients with multi‐root involvement. Conclusions: This study underscores the role of clinical and electrodiagnostic data when interpreting lumbosacral neuroimaging, particularly in older patients. Muscle Nerve 50: 135–137, 2014
Activity of flonicamid on the sweet potato whitely Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and its natural enemies
Authors: Roditakis Emmanouil , Fytrou Natasa , Staurakaki Marianna , Vontas John , Tsagkarakou Anastasia 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlonicamid is a novel systemic insecticide that acts as a feeding blocker with potential use against whiteflies within IPM control tactics. Flonicamid efficacy against Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean populations from Crete was examined, as well as side effects on selected beneficials used extensively in current IPM schemes.RESULTSLow variability in adulticide activity was detected (<tenfold), while there was no resistance compared with a reference susceptible population. Flonicamid exhibited low to no insecticidal activity on eggs, emerging crawlers and second‐instar nymphs at the maximum registered label rate (RLRmax). In long‐term cage experiments, flonicamid at the RLRmax (125 mg L−1) caused 95% mortality to whiteflies 10 days after treatment and delayed population growth by one generation (32 days). Flonicamid significantly delayed nymphal development by increasing the development time (DT50) of treated insects by 7.2 days. Flonicamid did not affect the survival of Eretmocerus eremicus adults, while lethal effects of an intermediate level were observed on Nesidiocoris tenuis adults and nymphs, Amblyseius swirskii adults and preimaginal stages of E. eremicus. Flonicamid reduced the feeding activity (consumption of B. tabaci eggs) of N. tenuis and A. swirskii by 28 and 37% respectively. Moreover, the fecundity of A. swirskii was reduced by 36% after exposure to flonicamid.CONCLUSIONSFlonicamid is an effective tool for the management of B. tabaci populations from Crete, and initial studies indicate that it could be combined with B. tabaci natural enemies. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
An Approach to Measuring Dispersed Families with a Particular Focus on Children ‘Left Behind’ by Migrant Parents: Findings from Rural South Africa
Authors: Bennett Rachel , Hosegood Victoria , Newell Marie‐Louise , McGrath Nuala 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThere is growing policy and academic interest in the conditions, experiences, and well‐being of migrant families stretched across origin and destination households. In South Africa, the dispersal of children and migrant parents across multiple households is a commonplace childhood experience. However, in common with the broader international context, quantitative analyses of the social and residential connections between children and migrant parents in South Africa have been limited by the lack of available data that document family arrangements from the perspective of more than one household. This paper describes a new data collection effort in the origin and destination households of migrants from rural KwaZulu‐Natal and explains the methodology for using this data to examine multiple household contexts for children and parents. In order to illustrate the contribution that this form of data collection effort could make to family migration studies, the paper also presents results on the living arrangements of children ‘left behind’ by migrant parents; a potentially vulnerable group whose arrangements are challenging to examine with existing data sources. The empirical results show the majority (75%) of left behind children have previously migrated and a significant proportion of migrants' children (25%) were not living in their parent's origin or destination household. The findings highlight the need for careful measurement of the circumstances of left behind children and demonstrate the contribution of linked data for providing insights into the residential arrangements of migrants' children. © 2014 The Authors. Population, Space and Place published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Bronchopulmonary sequestration with massive pleural effusion: pleuroamniotic shunting vs intrafetal vascular laser ablation
Authors: Mallmann M. R. , Geipel A. , Bludau M. , Matil K. , Gottschalk I. , Hoopmann M. , Müller A. , Bachour H. , Heydweiller A. , Gembruch U. , Berg C. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the incidence of complications among a relatively large cohort of fetuses with bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS) and the success of two different intrauterine treatment modalities.MethodsAll cases with a prenatal diagnosis of BPS detected in a 10‐year period (2002–2011) in two tertiary referral centers were reviewed retrospectively for intrauterine course and outcome. Up to May 2010 severe pleural effusions were treated with pleuroamniotic shunting. Thereafter, they were treated with ultrasound‐guided laser coagulation of the feeding artery.ResultsA total of 41 fetuses with BPS were included in the study. In 29 (70.7%) there was no pleural effusion or hydrops and they were treated conservatively. In 19/29 (65.5%) there was partial or complete regression of the lesion during the course of pregnancy. All were born alive (median age at delivery, 38.3 (interquartile range (IQR), 34.0–39.6) weeks) and 16 (55.2%) required sequestrectomy. Intrauterine intervention was performed in all 12 (29.3%) fetuses with pleural effusion. Seven fetuses were treated with pleuroamniotic shunting. One fetus with severe hydrops died in utero. There was no complete regression in any case of BPS in this group. Six infants were born alive (median age, 37.2 (IQR, 30.3–37.4) weeks), of which five (83.3%) required sequestrectomy. Five fetuses were treated with laser ablation of the feeding vessel. In all cases of BPS there was regression after laser ablation. All infants were delivered at term (median age, 39.1 (IQR, 38.0–40.0) weeks). One (20.0%) neonate required sequestrectomy after birth. Following intrauterine shunt placement complete regression of the lesion was significantly less frequent (0/7 (0%) with shunt placement vs 4/5 (80%) with intrafetal laser treatment) and gestational age at birth was significantly lower, compared to treatment with intrafetal laser. Complete regression of the lesion was also significantly more frequent in the laser group compared to cases without intervention.ConclusionIn the absence of pleural effusion, the likelihood of spontaneous regression of BPS is high and the prognosis is therefore favorable. In cases with massive pleural effusion, treatment by laser ablation of the feeding vessel seems to be more effective than is pleuroamniotic shunting, with fewer complications. It might also reduce the need for postnatal surgery. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Half Antiperovskites VI: On the Substitution Effects in Shandites InxSn2–xCo3S2
Authors: Pielnhofer Florian , Rothballer Jan , Peter Philipp , Yan Wenjie , Schappacher Falko M. , Pöttgen Rainer , Weihrich Richard 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIn the shandite type solid solution InxSn2–xCo3S2the transition from half metal ferromagnetic Sn2Co3S2to the new thermoelectric InSnCo3S2is related toA= In, Sn on different crystallographic sites. Effects and origin of crystal and electronic structure changes induced byA= In are now investigated within the solid solution 0 ≤x≤ 2 including In2Co3S2. Effects are studied from X‐ray data,119Sn Mößbauer spectroscopy, and ab initio calculations. Their origin is explored by DFT modeling on site preference of In and Sn in a supercell, electric field gradients (EFG), spin polarization, band structures, and direct space analyses (ELF, AIM). Indium is found to cause the crystal structure distortion on oneAsite, the electronic structure distortion to the other, as a consequence of inverted anisotropic bonding.
Kinetics of neurotransmitter release in neuromuscular synapses of newborn and adult rats
Authors: Khuzakhmetova Venera , Samigullin Dmitry , Nurullin Leniz , Vyskočil Frantisek , Nikolsky Evgeny , Bukharaeva Ellya 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe kinetics of the phasic synchronous and delayed asynchronous release of acetylcholine quanta was studied at the neuromuscular junctions of aging rats from infant to mature animals at various frequencies of rhythmic stimulation of the motor nerve. We found that in infants 6 (P6) and 10 (P10) days after birth a strongly asynchronous phase of quantal release was observed, along with a reduced number of quanta compared to the synapses of adults. The rise time and decay of uni‐quantal end‐plate currents were significantly longer in infant synapses. The presynaptic immunostaining revealed that the area of the synapses in infants was significantly (up to six times) smaller than in mature junctions. The intensity of delayed asynchronous release in infants increased with the frequency of stimulation more than in adults. A blockade of the ryanodine receptors, which can contribute to the formation of delayed asynchronous release, had no effect on the kinetics of delayed secretion in the infants unlike synapses of adults. Therefore, high degree of asynchrony of quantal release in infants is not associated with the activity of ryanodine receptors and with the liberation of calcium ions from intracellular calcium stores.
Molecular screening and predation evaluation of the key predators ofConopomorpha sinensisBradley (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae) in litchi orchards
Authors: Meng X. , Ouyang G. C. , Liu H. , Hou B. H. , Huang S. S. , Guo M. F. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractConopomorpha sinensisBradley (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae) is one of the major fruit borer pests of litchi and longan in Southern China. Although chemical control is effective, alternative, biorational strategies are preferable, and should be developed. Predators play an important role in the biological control of agricultural pests, but an accurate method for the evaluation of predation in agriculture has not yet been developed. Here, we report a new, specific primer pair to amplify aC. sinensiscytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence fragment that can be used to detect consumption ofC. sinensisby its predators.C. sinensisDNA was found in several arthropods collected in the field, including the importantC. sinensispredatorsMenochilus sexmaculata(Coccinellidae),Leucauge magnifica(Tetragnathidae),Propylea japonica(Coccinellidae), andOxyopes sertatus(Oxyopidae). The detection rates ofC. sinensisCOI DNA in these predators were 39.3, 36.4, 27.3, and 27.2%, respectively. Laboratory consumption and hunting capacity analysis ofM. sexmaculataandP. japonicaadults indicated that they exhibit a Holling type II functional response onC. sinensiseggs under field temperatures. A polymerase chain reaction digestion analysis ofM. sexmaculataandP. japonicaadults after consumption of a singleC. sinensisegg indicated that positive detection decreased with the extension of digestion time, and estimated prey DNA half-lives were 16.3 h inM. sexmaculataand 6.0 h inP. japonica. These data serve to characterize two major predators ofC. sinensiswith potential for biological control ofC. sinensisin litchi orchards.
Coming to the fore: the audibility of women's sexual pleasure in popular music and the sexual revolution
Authors: Stratton Jon 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis paper examines the genre of tracks centred around the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s which include aural representations of female sexual pleasure. The two most important tracks, and the ones on which this paper focuses, are Jane Birkin and Serge Gainsbourg ‘Je t'aime … moi non plus’ and Donna Summer ‘Love To Love You Baby’. The paper argues that this new audibility of female sexual pleasure related to the transformation in the understanding of female orgasm associated with Alfred Kinsey and with William Masters and Virginia Johnson, the American sexologists who radically changed Western understandings of sexual behaviour in the 1950s and 1960s. More broadly, the paper argues for a link between the so-called sexual revolution of the late 1960s and 1970s and the popularity of tracks in which sounds identified as female sexual pleasure were upfront in the musical mix.
Transcatheter pulmonary valve insertion, expanded use and future directions
Authors: Ringewald Jeremy M. , Suh Elsa J. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTranscatheter pulmonary valve replacement with the Melody® valve is an accepted alternative to surgical replacement of the pulmonary valve for some patients and therefore a complementary strategy in the long-term management of several groups of patients with congenital heart disease. It allows at least extending the time between sternotomies and possibly improving late outcomes. With a combined surgical and percutaneous approach, late morbidity for some of these patients will likely be diminished. This manuscript will review the current expanded applications for this technology, demonstrate several examples of its use and discuss future directions for this evolving equipment.
Multiband antenna structure for heterogeneous wireless communication systems using DGS technique
Authors: Parkash Davinder , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: January 2014

This proposed work illustrates the design of a defected ground structure (DGS)-based coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed multiband microstrip antenna consisting of four vertical monopoles, joined together by the few rectangular horizontal strips. In this multiband antenna, I-shaped defects are inserted into both sides of ground plane of CPW feed creating a DGS-CPW. The 10 dB impedance bandwidth of lower band is 29%, ranging from 2.232 to 3.1 GHz, with respect to the central frequency of 2.52 GHz, and while that of the upper band is 2.1 GHz (4.712–6.81 GHz), about 35%, referred to the central frequency of 5.7 GHz. The parametric study is performed to understand the characteristics of the proposed antenna. To verify the simulated design concept, a prototype antenna is designed and fabricated on the FR4 substrate, and characterized experimentally. The characteristic of antenna parameters such as S-parameter, gain, current distribution, and radiation pattern have been studied. The proposed antenna is suitable for WLAN/WiMAX applications.
Sympatric incipient speciation of spiny miceAcomysat “Evolution Canyon,” Israel
Authors: Hadid Yarin , Pavlíček Tomáš , Beiles Avigdor , Ianovici Ron , Raz Shmuel , Nevo Eviatar 
Published: January 2014

SignificanceSympatric speciation, suggested by Darwin (1859) as a mode of the origin of species, is still controversial. We demonstrated thatAcomys cahirinus, spiny mice, at Evolution Canyon (EC), Israel, support Darwin’s suggestion. At EC, the south-facing “African” slope receives high solar radiation, and hence is a dry, hot African-like savanna. The abutting north-facing “European” slope, at a distance of 200 m on average, is humid, cool, and forested.A. cahirinusis significantly divergent interslope phenotypically and genotypically in mtDNA and nuclear amplified fragment length polymorphism. In complete mtDNA, 25% of haplotypes were slope-biased. Habitat selection and preliminary demonstrated mate-choice overrule ongoing low interslope gene flow, suggesting incipient sympatric speciation inA. cahirinus, as in other phylogenetically diverse taxa at EC, dubbed the “Israeli Galapagos.”