bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why knee replacements fail in 2013
Authors: Lombardi Jr A. V. , Berend K. R. , Adams J. B. 
Published: November 2014

Previous studies of failure mechanisms leading to revision total knee replacement (TKR) performed between 1986 and 2000 determined that many failed early, with a disproportionate amount accounted for by infection and implant-associated factors including wear, loosening and instability. Since then, efforts have been made to improve implant performance and instruct surgeons in best practice. Recently our centre participated in a multi-centre evaluation of 844 revision TKRs from 2010 to 2011. The purpose was to report a detailed analysis of failure mechanisms over time and to see if failure modes have changed over the past 10 to 15 years. Aseptic loosening was the predominant mechanism of failure (31.2%), followed by instability (18.7%), infection (16.2%), polyethylene wear (10.0%), arthrofibrosis (6.9%) and malalignment (6.6%). The mean time to failure was 5.9 years (ten days to 31 years), 35.3% of all revisions occurred at less than two years, and 60.2% in the first five years. With improvements in implant and polyethylene manufacture, polyethylene wear is no longer a leading cause of failure. Early mechanisms of failure are primarily technical errors. In addition to improving implant longevity, industry and surgeons must work together to decrease these technical errors. All reports on failure of TKR contain patients with unexplained pain who not infrequently have unmet expectations. Surgeons must work to achieve realistic patient expectations pre-operatively, and therefore, improve patient satisfaction post-operatively.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B(11 Suppl A):101–4.
Acetabular distraction
Authors: Sheth N. P. , Melnic C. M. , Paprosky W. G. 
Published: November 2014

Acetabular bone loss is a challenging problem facing the revision total hip replacement surgeon. Reconstruction of the acetabulum depends on the presence of anterosuperior and posteroinferior pelvic column support for component fixation and stability. The Paprosky classification is most commonly used when determining the location and degree of acetabular bone loss. Augments serve the function of either providing primary construct stability or supplementary fixation.When a pelvic discontinuity is encountered we advocate the use of an acetabular distraction technique with a jumbo cup and modular porous metal acetabular augments for the treatment of severe acetabular bone loss and associated chronic pelvic discontinuity.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B(11 Suppl A):36–42.
Advances in pain management
Authors: Berend M. E. , Berend K. R. , Lombardi Jr A. V. 
Published: November 2014

Over the past 30 years there have been many improvements in implant fixation, correction of deformity, improved polyethylene wear, and survival after knee replacement. The work over the last decade has focused on less invasive surgical techniques, multimodal pain management protocols, more rapid functional recovery and reduced length of stay, aiming to minimise the side effects of treatment while maintaining function and implant durability. When combined and standardised these pre-, intra- and post-operative factors have now facilitated outpatient knee replacement procedures for unicompartmental replacement, patella femoral arthroplasty and total knee replacement (TKR). We have found liposomal bupivacaine, with potential for longer therapeutic action, to be a helpful adjunct and describe our current pain management program. The next step in our multimodal program is to improve the duration of patient satisfaction and reduce cost and length of stay after TKR. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B(11 Suppl A):7–9.
The problem total knee replacement
Authors: Vince K. G. 
Published: November 2014

There are many reasons why a total knee replacement (TKR) may fail and qualify for revision. Successful revision surgery depends as much on accurate assessment of the problem TKR as it does on revision implant design and surgical technique. Specific modes of failure require specific surgical solutions. Causes of failure are often presented as a list or catalogue, without a system or process for making a decision. In addition, strict definitions and consensus on modes of failure are lacking in published series and registry data. How we approach the problem TKR is an essential but neglected aspect of understanding knee replacement surgery. It must be carried out systematically, comprehensively and efficiently. Eight modes of failure are described: 1) sepsis; 2) extensor discontinuity; 3) stiffness; 4) tibial- femoral instability; 5) patellar tracking; 6) aseptic loosening and osteolysis; 7) periprosthetic fracture and 8) component breakage. A ninth ‘category’, unexplained pain is an indication for further investigation but not surgery.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B(11 Suppl A):105–11.
Cartilage restoration of the hip using fresh osteochondral allograft
Authors: Khanna V. , Tushinski D. M. , Drexler M. , Backstein D. B. , Gross A. E. , Safir O. A. , Kuzyk P. R. 
Published: November 2014

Cartilage defects of the hip cause significant pain and may lead to arthritic changes that necessitate hip replacement. We propose the use of fresh osteochondral allografts as an option for the treatment of such defects in young patients. Here we present the results of fresh osteochondral allografts for cartilage defects in 17 patients in a prospective study. The underlying diagnoses for the cartilage defects were osteochondritis dissecans in eight and avascular necrosis in six. Two had Legg-Calve-Perthes and one a femoral head fracture. Pre-operatively, an MRI was used to determine the size of the cartilage defect and the femoral head diameter. All patients underwent surgical hip dislocation with a trochanteric slide osteotomy for placement of the allograft. The mean age at surgery was 25.9 years (17 to 44) and mean follow-up was 41.6 months (3 to 74). The mean Harris hip score was significantly better after surgery (p < 0.01) and 13 patients had fair to good outcomes. One patient required a repeat allograft, one patient underwent hip replacement and two patients are awaiting hip replacement. Fresh osteochondral allograft is a reasonable treatment option for hip cartilage defects in young patients.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B(11 Supple A):11–16.
Autogenous cultured growth plate chondrocyte transplantation in the treatment of physeal injury in rabbits
Authors: Tomaszewski R. , Bohosiewicz J. , Gap A. , Bursig H. , Wysocka A. 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesThe aim of this experimental study on New Zealand’s white rabbits was to investigate the transplantation of autogenous growth plate cells in order to treat the injured growth plate. They were assessed in terms of measurements of radiological tibial varus and histological characteristics.MethodsAn experimental model of plate growth medial partial resection of the tibia in 14 New Zealand white rabbits was created. During this surgical procedure the plate growth cells were collected and cultured. While the second surgery was being performed, the autologous cultured growth plate cells were grafted at the right tibia, whereas the left tibia was used as a control group.ResultsHistological examinations showed that the grafted right tibia presented the regular shape of the plate growth with hypertrophic maturation, chondrocyte columniation and endochondral calcification. Radiological study shows that the mean tibial deformity at the left angle was 20.29° (6.25 to 33) and 7.21° (5 to 10) in the right angle.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated that grafting of autogenous cultured growth plate cells into a defect of the medial aspect of the proximal tibial physis can prevent bone bridge formation, growth arrest and the development of varus deformity. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:310–16
Die Einführung einer allgemeinen Wissenschaftsschranke im Urheberrecht – Anforderungen aus Sicht des Deutschen Bibliotheksverbandes
Authors: Heeg Jürgen 
Published: November 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Der Deutsche Bibliotheksverband (DBV) fordert die Einführung einer allgemeinen Wissenschaftsschranke im Urheberrecht. Eine einheitliche allgemeine Bildungs- und Wissenschaftsschranke mit einer pauschalen Regelung zur Nutzung von Werken im digitalen Zeitalter sollte nach Überzeugung des Deutschen Bibliotheksverbandes die bisherigen einzelnen Schrankenparagrafen ergänzen und ersetzen. In zahlreichen Ausführungen hinkt das derzeit geltende deutsche Recht deutlich der digitalen Welt und der gängigen Praxis hinterher.
Bibliotheksmagazin im ehemaligen Kuhstall
Authors: Scheer Hans-Josef 
Published: November 2014

Zusammenfassung:
In der Abtei Maria Laach, einem benediktinischen Kloster in der Eifel, fand ein Bibliotheksmagazin mit über 7.000 Regalmetern Platz in einem komplett sanierten, massiven landwirtschaftlichen Gebäude aus den 1860er Jahren. Das Raumklima wird überwiegend mit einer automatisierten, elektronisch gesteuerten Fensterlüftung konditioniert.
Der E-Bibliotheksschein Anglophone Studien – ein virtueller Lernraum als Kooperationsprojekt zwischen Universitätsbibliothek und einem Fach
Authors: Borchers Melanie , Graf Dorothee 
Published: November 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Der vorliegende Text stellt einen an der Universität Duisburg-Essen entwickelten Moodle-Kursraum zur Einführung in die fachwissenschaftliche Literaturrecherche vor. Das Blended-Learning-Projekt wurde gemeinsam von der Fachreferentin der Universitätsbibliothek mit Fachwissenschaftlerinnen des Instituts für Anglophone Studien entwickelt und in den Routinebetrieb überführt. Neben der kooperativen Durchführung ist die curriculare Einbindung des Bibliotheksscheins in die anglistischen Studiengänge eine Besonderheit des Online-Kurses. Konzept, Inhalte und Organisation werden erläutert.
Discussion of Identification, Estimation and Approximation of Risk under Interventions that Depend on the Natural Value of Treatment Using Observational Data, by Jessica Young, Miguel Hernán, and James Robins
Authors: van der Laan Mark J. , Luedtke Alexander R. , Díaz Iván 
Published: November 2014

AbstractYoung, Hernán, and Robins consider the mean outcome under a dynamic intervention that may rely on the natural value of treatment. They first identify this value with a statistical target parameter, and then show that this statistical target parameter can also be identified with a causal parameter which gives the mean outcome under a stochastic intervention. The authors then describe estimation strategies for these quantities. Here we augment the authors’ insightful discussion by sharing our experiences in situations where two causal questions lead to the same statistical estimand, or the newer problem that arises in the study of data adaptive parameters, where two statistical estimands can lead to the same estimation problem. Given a statistical estimation problem, we encourage others to always use a robust estimation framework where the data generating distribution truly belongs to the statistical model. We close with a discussion of a framework which has these properties.
Patient Outcomes and Cost Effects of Medicaid Formulary Restrictions on Antidepressants
Authors: Seabury Seth A. , Lakdawalla Darius N. , Walter Deborah , Hayes John , Gustafson Thomas , Shrestha Anshu , Goldman Dana P. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Many state Medicaid programs have implemented policies designed to reduce spending on prescription drugs by restricting access to branded products. For patients with major depressive disorder, formulary restrictions could severely limit access to antidepressant therapies and disrupt care. We linked data on patient outcomes and spending from 24 state Medicaid programs to information on formulary restrictions from 2001 to 2008. Outcomes included frequency of MDD-related hospitalizations and ER visits per patient and total healthcare spending. We estimated the effect of the policies on patient outcomes and spending using a difference-and-difference approach. We found that restricting access to antidepressants increased the probability of an MDD-related hospitalization by 1.7 percentage points (16.6%). Furthermore, we found no evidence that these restrictions resulted in any net savings for Medicaid.
The risks of mixing dependency lengths from sequences of different length
Authors: Ferrer-i-Cancho Ramon , Liu Haitao 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMixing dependency lengths from sequences of different length is a common practice in language research. However, the empirical distribution of dependency lengths of sentences of the same length differs from that of sentences of varying length. The distribution of dependency lengths depends on sentence length for real sentences and also under the null hypothesis that dependencies connect vertices located in random positions of the sequence. This suggests that certain results, such as the distribution of syntactic dependency lengths mixing dependencies from sentences of varying length, could be a mere consequence of that mixing. Furthermore, differences in the global averages of dependency length (mixing lengths from sentences of varying length) for two different languages do not simply imply a priori that one language optimizes dependency lengths better than the other because those differences could be due to differences in the distribution of sentence lengths and other factors.
The ancient Libyco-Berber inscriptions of Canary Islands – Part 1
Authors: Melka Tomi S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWorking out the Old Libyco-Berber (LB) writings found on the Canary Islands (CI) is a long and painstaking task. Scholars have struggled with their provenance, meaning(s), common and different features with North African cognates, scribal communities, and the assumed time-span.In this review-paper, laying theoretical guiding lines for the understanding of the successive patterns and signs is considered an advantage. Nonetheless, high-staked claims as for the origin and the decipherment of the inscriptions are eluded, with plausible scenarios being offered. While corpus enlargement and qualitative and quantitative methods stand for the correct pursuit of the Libyco-Berber scholarship, multi-disciplinary and coordinated research should gain momentum too.
Insults or Acts of Identity? The Role of Stylization in Multilingual Discourse
Authors: Higgins Christina 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis article discusses how stylization sheds light on the role of authenticity as an increasingly relevant concept in sociolinguistics. Building on research on style, crossing, and mock language use, the article demonstrates how multilingual stylization provides speakers with a wider range of resources for navigating and negotiating borders and identities. Stylization is increasingly important since modernist linkages between language and the categories of nation and ethnicity still exert authority over how authenticity is ascribed. At the same time, transcultural flows offer speakers more opportunity to cross and challenge borders linguistically. When speakers begin to stylize one another’s languages, however, the thorny issue of interpretation arises since stylized speech can be understood as mocking the speakers of the language being stylized. While studies of dialect stylization have explored these issues for over a decade, research on multilingual stylization is less developed. Accordingly, this special issue examines the role that authenticity plays in the production and interpretation of stylization. A continuum of stylization is presented that places mocking on one end (to refer to stylization that leads to insult) and style on the other (to represent acts of identity), while keeping open the possibility that all acts of stylization can ultimately be understood as acts of identity, given the right framings and stances expressed by the speakers.
Study of Temperature Effect on Luminous Flux of High Power Chip on Board Light Emitting Diode
Authors: Quan Cao Xuan , Xuan Vu Khanh , Lan Anh Luu Thi , Son Vo Thach 
Published: November 2014

High power chip on board light emitting diode (HPCOBLED) are a promising solid state light technology for a variety of lighting applications. In this study, we studied temperature effect on luminous flux of HPCOBLED using VMI-PR-001 system of Vietnam Metrology Institute. The results according to the temperature Tc is increasing, luminous flux reduced. Especially HPCOBLED is larger power, decreasing luminous flux is larger. Reason of this is chance power. HPCOBLED model describes the temperature affection on luminous flux of HPCOBLED. The results of HPCOBLED model matched with that measured by the luminous flux measurement system (VMI-PR-001, Vietnam).
Plasma Galanin is a Biomarker for Severity of Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Wang Yong-Jun , Yang Yu-Tao , Li Hui , Liu Po-Zi , Wang Chuan-Yue , Xu Zhi-Qing David 
Published: November 2014

Objective: This study investigated the association between plasma galanin level and depression severity. Methods: The severity of depression symptoms of 79 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD; 52 women and 27 men, 71 patients in onset, 8 in remission) was assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Venous fasting blood samples (5 mL) were taken from the 79 MDD patients, 35 healthy siblings, and 19 healthy controls, and plasma samples were prepared. Galanin levels in the plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: Plasma galanin in MDD patients was significantly higher than that of remission patients, healthy siblings, or healthy controls ( P < 0.05) There was no significant difference between the healthy sibling and healthy control groups ( P = 0.924). Plasma galanin of remission patients was also significantly higher than that of healthy controls ( P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between age and galanin levels in the 79 patients ( r = 0.053, P = 0.646), nor was there a correlation between age and galanin levels when patients were stratified by gender ( P > 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between plasma galanin levels and depression severity in women MDD patients ( r = 0.329, df = 42, P = 0.020), but not in men patients. Conclusions: Plasma galanin levels may be an important biomarker for depression severity, especially in female patients.
Relationship of Serious Psychological Distress to Quality of Life in Adults with Diabetes
Authors: Dismuke Clara E. , Hernandez-Tejada Melba A. , Egede Leonard E. 
Published: November 2014

Objective: To examine the association between serious psychological distress (SPD) and the Physical and Mental Health components of Quality of Life (QOL) while controlling for depression in a national sample of adults with diabetes. Methods: SPD was assessed in 1,659 adults with diabetes who participated in the 2007 Medical Care Expenditure Survey (MEPS). SPD was measured by the 6-item Kessler scale. Depression was assessed with the PHQ-2 screen. Quality of life was measured with the physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) components of the SF-12. We used multiple linear regression to assess the relationship between SPD and quality of life while controlling for relevant covariates and depression screen results to assess the independent effect of SPD on QOL above and beyond the effect of depression. Results: Among US adults with diabetes, 9% had SPD and 15.4% screened positive for depression. Among those with SPD, 85.8% had depression and among those with depression, 50.5% had SPD. In the adjusted model for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities, SPD was significantly associated with lower PCS scores (−5.51 95% CI −7.55; −3.45) and MCS scores (−18.99 95% CI −20.81; −17.18). In the adjusted model that also controlled for depression, SPD was still significantly associated with lower PCS scores (−3.03 95% CI −5.63; −0.43) and MCS scores (−9.46 95% CI −11.67; −7.24). Conclusions: Among U.S. adults, SPD is associated with significantly diminished QOL above and beyond the effects of depression. Targeted interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of SPD are needed, independent of programs to address depression.
Design of regular positive and stable descriptor systems via state-feedbacks for descriptor continuous-time linear systems with singular pencils
Authors: Kaczorek Tadeusz 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A new method is proposed of design of regular positive and asymptotically stable descriptor systems by the use of state-feedbacks for descriptor continuous-time linear systems with singular pencils. The method is based on the reduction of the descriptor system by elementary row and column operations to special form. A procedure for the design of the state-feedbacks gain matrix is presented and illustrated by a numerical example
Rockburst Hazard Assessment in Bedded Rock Mass: Laboratory Tests of Rock Samples and Numerical Calculations
Authors: Tajduś Antoni , Cieślik Jerzy , Tajduś Krzysztof 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The paper presents the results of analyses on tendency of bedded rock mass towards rockburst, carried out on the basis of laboratory tests of rock samples and determined indices, as well as by means of numerical calculations. The first part of the paper discusses selected parameters evaluating the tendency of rocks towards burst, on the basis of which the analysis was carried out in order to assess rockburst hazard in selected complexes of strata in Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Rockburst hazard in bedded rock mass is also analyzed with the use of numerical methods and the results of calculations of rock damage development in the exploitation front during coal deposit extraction are presented. Burst hazard of rock mass is studied through the changes of intensiveness of damage process in the area of exploitation front.
Influence of Barometric Pressure Changes on Ventilation Conditions in Deep Mines
Authors: Wasilewski Stanisław 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Barometric air pressure and its changes have a critical impact on ventilation conditions in the underground workings of deep mines. Changes in pressure are particularly important because they are responsible for the transient states of ventilation conditions, therefore, assessing the scale of pressure change is essential. Unfortunately, previously for many years in the Polish mining industry barometric pressure was recorded only on tapes of mechanical barographs by the ventilation department on the surface and therefore such dependencies of methane concentration due to barometric pressure changes have not been properly documented. Today, after the implementation in mines of instruments enabling the monitoring of absolute pressure in the workings of mines (Wasilewski, 2009) the conditions have been created to study the influence of pressure changes on changes of air parameters in the mine workings. Barometric pressure changes were observed and recorded over a course of approximately two years using monitoring system that utilized high accuracy pressure sensors on the surface and in selected workings of an underground mine.
This paper presents a statistical analysis of the data that we generated from assessing pressure changes on the surface and at selected underground points in the mine. In the article, which presents the results of the first part of the study, some examples of when significant changes in pressure prior to the tragic events, which were not accompanied by changes in the methane concentration in mine workings, will also be shown. Interestingly, we found that the relationship between methane ignitions and explosions in longwall gob mined via the cave-in method is associated with changes in the barometric pressure.
Several instances of methane ignitions and explosions in the gob of cave-in longwalls in recent years were compared with background barometric pressure changes. Research carried out in within the strategic project “Improving work safety in the mines” allowed to record air parameters changes inside the gob of longwalls and show the influence of pressure changes on changes in methane and oxygen concentration in the gob, which will be shown in the second part of the article to be published in the near future.