bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nocturnal Continuous Glucose and Sleep Stage Data in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in Real-World Conditions
Authors: Feupe Stephanie Feudjio , Frias Patrick F. , Mednick Sara C. , McDevitt Elizabeth A. , Heintzman Nathaniel D. 
Published: January 2015

Background: Sleep plays an important role in health, and poor sleep is associated with negative impacts on diabetes management, but few studies have objectively evaluated sleep in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Nocturnal glycemia and sleep characteristics in T1DM were evaluated using body-worn sensors in real-world conditions. Methods: Analyses were performed on data collected by the Diabetes Management Integrated Technology Research Initiative pilot study of 17 T1DM subjects: 10 male, 7 female; age 19–61 years; T1DM duration 14.9 ± 11.0 years; hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 7.3% ± 1.3% (mean ± standard deviation). Each subject was equipped with a continuous glucose monitor and a wireless sleep monitor (WSM) for four nights. Sleep stages [rapid eye movement (REM), light, and deep sleep] were continuously recorded by the WSM. Nocturnal glycemia (mg/dl) was evaluated as hypoglycemia (<50 mg/dl), low (50–69 mg/dl), euglycemia (70–120 mg/dl), high (121–250 mg/dl), and hyperglycemia (>250 mg/dl) and by several indices of glycemic variability. Glycemia was analyzed within each sleep stage. Results: Subjects slept 358 ± 48 min per night, with 85 ± 27 min in REM sleep, 207 ± 42 min in light sleep, and 66 ± 30 min in deep sleep (mean ±standard deviation). Increased time in deep sleep was associated with lower HbA1c ( R2 = 0.42; F = 9.37; p < .01). Nocturnal glycemia varied widely between and within subjects. Glycemia during REM sleep was hypoglycemia 5.5% ± 18.1%, low 6.6% ± 18.5%, euglycemia 44.6% ± 39.5%, high 37.9% ± 39.7%, and hyperglycemia 5.5% ± 21.2%; glycemia during light sleep was hypoglycemia 4.8% ± 12.4%, low 7.3% ± 12.9%, euglycemia 42.1% ± 33.7%, high 39.2% ± 34.6%, and hyperglycemia 6.5% ± 20.5%; and glycemia during deep sleep was hypoglycemia 0.5% ± 2.2%, low 5.8% ± 14.3%, euglycemia 48.0% ± 37.5%, high 39.5% ± 37.6%, and hyperglycemia 6.2% ± 19.5%. Significantly less time was spent in the hypoglycemic range during deep sleep compared with light sleep ( p = .02). Conclusions: Increased time in deep sleep was associated with lower HbA1c, and less hypoglycemia occurred in deep sleep in T1DM, though this must be further evaluated in larger subsequent studies. Furthermore, the consumer-grade WSM device was useful for objectively studying sleep in a real-world setting.
Different Injection Frequencies of Basal Insulins in Type 2 Diabetes Patients under Real-Life Conditions: A Retrospective Database Analysis
Authors: Rathmann Wolfgang , Dippel Franz W. , Kostev Karel 
Published: January 2015

Aims: Little is known about routine use of basal insulins [glargine, detemir, neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH)] in primary care patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim was to compare injection frequencies of basal insulins in type 2 diabetes in primary care practices, both for basal-supported oral therapy (BOT) and basal-bolus treatment [intensified conventional therapy (ICT)] regimens. Methods: Primary care data from 4211 glargine (BOT/ICT, 2247/1964), 1290 detemir (490/800), and 3876 NPH (1331/2425) insulin users were retrospectively analyzed (Disease Analyzer database, May 2009-April 2012). Logistic regression (>1 daily injection) and propensity scores were used to adjust for various confounders (age, sex, type of physician, dosage, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin). Results: Overall, >1 daily injections were observed in 7.5% of glargine users (BOT, 6.2%; ICT, 9.0%), which was lower than for detemir (overall, 25.4%; BOT, 22.0%; ICT, 27.4%) and NPH (25.4%; BOT, 23.9%; ICT, 27.2%) insulin (all p < .001). The adjusted odds of having >1 injection was lower for glargine compared with detemir (odds ratio, 0.26; 95% CI 0.22–0.32) and NPH-insulin (0.20; 0.17–0.23). Similar results were found for BOT or ICT and after propensity score matching. Conclusions: Glargine is associated with significantly lower injection frequencies than other basal insulins. These findings might impact patient-reported outcomes, quality of life, treatment satisfaction, and economic aspects of diabetes treatment.
Validation of Plantar Pressure Measurements for a Novel in-Shoe Plantar Sensory Replacement Unit
Authors: Ferber Reed , Webber Talia , Everett Breanne , Groenland Marcel 
Published: January 2015

Background: Research concerning prevention of diabetic foot complications is critical. A novel in-shoe plantar sensory replacement unit (PSRU) has been developed that provides alert-based feedback derived from analyzing plantar pressure threshold measurements in real time. The purpose of this study was to compare the PSRU device to a gold standard pressure-sensing device (GS-PSD) to determine the correlation between concurrent measures of plantar pressure during walking. Methods: The PSRU had an array of eight sensors with a range of 10–75 mm Hg and collected data at 4 Hz, whereas the GS-PSD had 99 sensors with a range of 1–112 mm Hg and collected data at 100 Hz. Based on an a priori power analysis, data were collected from 10 participants (3 female, 7 male) while walking over ground in both devices. The primary variable of interest was the number of data points recorded that were greater than 32 mm Hg (capillary arterial pressure—the minimum pressure reported to cause pressure ulcers) for each of the eight PSRU sensors and corresponding average recordings from the GS-PSD sensor clusters. Intraclass correlation coefficient (2,1) was used to compare data between the two devices. Results: Compared with the GS-PSD, we found good-to-very-good correlations ( r-value range 0.67–0.86; p-value range 0.01–0.05) for six of the PSRU's eight sensors and poor correlation for only two sensors ( r = 0.41, p = .15; r = 0.38, p = .18) when measuring the number of data points recorded that were greater than 32 mm Hg. Conclusions: Based on the results of the present study, we conclude the PSRU provides analogous data when compared with a GS-PSD.
Performance and Acceptability of a Combined Device for Insulin Infusion and Glucose Sensing in the Home Setting
Authors: Nørgaard Kirsten , Shin John , Welsh John B. , Gjessing Hans 
Published: January 2015

Background: The use of sensor-augmented insulin pump (SAP) therapy is increasing. Currently, glucose sensors and insulin infusion cannulas are inserted separately. A new device, MiniMed Duo, combines sensing and infusion capabilities on the same platform and is intended to simplify device insertion and site management. We evaluated the device’s performance with respect to insulin delivery and glucose sensing, and its acceptability with patients. Methods: Forty-five patients (mean ± SD age, 45.5 ± 10.9 years, 48% female) with type 1 diabetes and previous use of SAP participated. Each subject was to wear 5 devices connected to insulin pumps over 15 days (3 days/device) and test capillary blood glucose (SMBG) 7 times/day. The primary endpoint was the percentage of sensor-SMBG paired values within 20% of one another. Subject experiences were assessed via questionnaires. Results: Overall, 74.8% of sensor-SMBG paired values were within 20%, meeting the primary accuracy endpoint, and the mean absolute relative difference was 15.5 ± 17.1%. Consensus error grid analysis showed that >95% of points were within the A+B zones, exceeding the threshold for adequate clinical accuracy. Insulin dosage and SMBG values did not change significantly compared to prestudy values. The functional survival of the device entering day 3 was 90.5%. There were no serious adverse events. Mean questionnaire results indicated overall satisfaction with the device. Conclusion: Duo provided insulin infusion and glucose sensing capabilities in a single device, which provided accurate glucose readings during routine use, was safe to wear, and was acceptable to most patients. It may improve satisfaction and convenience for patients using sensor-augmented insulin pumps.
Clinical disease due to enterovirus D68 in adult hematologic malignancy patients and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients
Authors: Waghmare Alpana , Pergam Steven A. , Jerome Keith R. , Englund Janet A. , Boeckh Michael , Kuypers Jane 
Published: January 2015

Key PointsEnterovirus D68 can infect adult patients with hematologic malignancy and HCT recipients and lead to severe respiratory disease. Current diagnostic assays for enterovirus D68 are limited, and further studies on improved rapid diagnostic tools are needed.
A comparison of the predictive accuracy of three screening models for pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Hao Yanjie , Thakkar Vivek , Stevens Wendy , Morrisroe Kathleen , Prior David , Rabusa Candice , Youssef Peter , Gabbay Eli , Roddy Janet , Walker Jennifer , Zochling Jane , Sahhar Joanne , Nash Peter , Lester Susan , Rischmueller Maureen , Proudman Susanna M , Nikpour Mandana 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Introduction
There is evidence that early screening for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) improves outcomes. We compared the predictive accuracy of two recently published screening algorithms (DETECT 2013 and Australian Scleroderma Interest Group (ASIG) 2012) for SSc-associated PAH (SSc-PAH) with the commonly used European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society (ESC/ERS 2009) guidelines.

Methods
We included 73 consecutive SSc patients with suspected PAH undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC). The three screening models were applied to each patient. For each model, contingency table analysis was used to determine sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values for PAH. These properties were also evaluated in an ‘alternate scenario analysis’ in which the prevalence of PAH was set at 10%.

Results
RHC revealed PAH in 27 (36.9%) patients. DETECT and ASIG algorithms performed equally in predicting PAH with sensitivity and NPV of 100%. The ESC/ERS guidelines had sensitivity of 96.3% and NPV of only 91%, missing one case of PAH; these guidelines could not be applied to three patients who had absent tricuspid regurgitant (TR) jet. The ASIG algorithm had the highest specificity (54.5%). With PAH prevalence set at 10%, the NPV of the models was unchanged, but the PPV dropped to less than 20%.

Conclusions
In this cohort, the DETECT and ASIG algorithms out-perform the ESC/ERS guidelines, detecting all patients with PAH. The ESC/ERS guidelines have limitations in the absence of a TR jet. Ultimately, the choice of SSc-PAH screening algorithm will also depend on cost and ease of application.
Predicting amyloid status in corticobasal syndrome using modified clinical criteria, magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
Authors: Sha Sharon J , Ghosh Pia M , Lee Suzee E , Corbetta-Rastelli Chiara , Jagust Willian J , Kornak John , Rankin Katherine P , Grinberg Lea T , Vinters Harry V , Mendez Mario F , Dickson Dennis W , Seeley William W , Gorno-Tempini Marilu , Kramer Joel , Miller Bruce L , Boxer Adam L , Rabinovici Gil D 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Group comparisons demonstrate greater visuospatial and memory deficits and temporoparietal-predominant degeneration on neuroimaging in patients with corticobasal syndrome (CBS) found to have Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology versus those with underlying frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). The value of these features in predicting underlying AD pathology in individual patients is unknown. The goal of this study is to evaluate the utility of modified clinical criteria and visual interpretations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for predicting amyloid deposition (as a surrogate of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology) in patients presenting with CBS.

Methods
In total, 25 patients meeting CBS core criteria underwent amyloid (Pittsburgh compound B; PIB) PET scans. Clinical records, MRI, and FDG scans were reviewed blinded to PIB results. Modified clinical criteria were used to classify CBS patients as temporoparietal variant CBS (tpvCBS) or frontal variant CBS (fvCBS). MRI and FDG-PET were classified based on the predominant atrophy/hypometabolism pattern (frontal or temporoparietal).

Results
A total of 9 out of 13 patients classified as tpvCBS were PIB+, compared to 2out of 12 patients classified as fvCBS (P < 0.01, sensitivity 82%, specificity 71% for PIB+ status). Visual MRI reads had 73% sensitivity and 46% specificity for PIB+ status with moderate intra-rater reliability (Cohen’s kappa = 0.42). Visual FDG reads had higher sensitivity (91%) for PIB+ status with perfect intra-rater reliability (kappa = 1.00), though specificity was low (50%). PIB results were confirmed in all 8 patients with available histopathology (3 PIB+ with confirmed AD, 5 PIB- with FTLD).

Conclusions
Splitting CBS patients into frontal or temporoparietal clinical variants can help predict the likelihood of underlying AD, but criteria require further refinement. Temporoparietal-predominant neuroimaging patterns are sensitive but not specific for AD.
Mycobacterium indicus pranii induces dendritic cell activation, survival, and Th1/Th17 polarization potential in a TLR-dependent manner
Authors: Kumar Pawan , John Vini , Marathe Soumitra , Das Gobardhan , Bhaskar Sangeeta 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
MIP is a nonpathogenic, soil-borne predecessor of Mycobacterium avium. It has been reported previously that MIP possesses strong immunomodulatory properties and confers protection against experimental TB and tumor. DCs, by virtue of their unmatched antigen-presentation potential, play a critical role in activation of antitumor and antimycobacterial immune response. The effect of MIP on the behavior of DCs and the underlying mechanisms, however, have not been investigated so far. In the present study, we showed that MIP induces significant secretion of IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-10, and TNF-α by DCs and up-regulates the expression of costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86. MIP(L) induced a significantly higher response compared with MIP(K). PI and Annexin V staining showed that MIP increases DC survival by inhibiting apoptosis. Consistently, higher expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl was observed in MIP-stimulated DCs. Cytokines, produced by nai¨ve T cells, cocultured with MIP-stimulated DCs, showed that MIP promotes Th1/Th17 polarization potential in DCs. Response to MIP was lost in MyD88−/−DCs, underscoring the critical role of TLRs in MIP-induced DC activation. Further studies revealed that TLR2 and TLR9 are involved in DC activation by MIP(L), whereas MIP(K) activates the DCs through TLR2. Our findings establish the DC activation by MIP, define the behavior of MIP-stimulated DCs, and highlight the role of TLRs in MIP-induced DC activation.
Parallel Regulation of Thyroid Hormone Transporters OATP1c1 and MCT8 During and After Endotoxemia at the Blood-Brain Barrier of Male Rodents
Authors: Wittmann Gábor , Szabon Judit , Mohácsik Petra , Nouriel Shira S. , Gereben Balázs , Fekete Csaba , Lechan Ronald M. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
There is increasing evidence that local thyroid hormone (TH) availability changes profoundly in inflammatory conditions due to altered expression of deiodinases that metabolize TH. It is largely unknown, however, how inflammation affects TH availability via the expression of TH transporters. In this study we examined the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration on two TH transporters that are critically important for brain TH homeostasis, organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1c1 (OATP1c1), and monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8). MRNA levels were studied by in situ hybridization and qPCR as well as protein levels by immunofluorescence in both the rat and mouse forebrain. The mRNA of both transporters decreased robustly in the first 9 hours after LPS injection, specifically in brain blood vessels; OATP1c1 mRNA in astrocytes and MCT8 mRNA in neurons remained unchanged. At 24 and/or 48 hours after LPS administration, OATP1c1 and MCT8 mRNAs increased markedly above control levels in brain vessels. OATP1c1 protein decreased markedly in vessels by 24 hours whereas MCT8 protein levels did not decrease significantly. These changes were highly similar in mice and rats. The data demonstrate that OATP1c1 and MCT8 expression are regulated in a parallel manner during inflammation at the blood-brain barrier of rodents. Given the indispensable role of both transporters in allowing TH access to the brain, the results suggest reduced brain TH uptake during systemic inflammation.
PDK1 regulates focal adhesion disassembly through modulation of αvβ3 integrin endocytosis
Authors: di Blasio Laura , Gagliardi Paolo Armando , Puliafito Alberto , Sessa Roberto , Seano Giorgio , Bussolino Federico , Primo Luca 
Published: January 2015

Non-amoeboid cell migration is characterised by dynamic competition among multiple protrusions to establish new adhesion sites at the cell's leading edge. However, the mechanisms that regulate the decision to disassemble or to grow nascent adhesions are not fully understood.
Here we show that in endothelial cells (EC) 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein (PDK1) promotes focal adhesions (FA) turnover by controlling endocytosis of integrin αvβ3 in a PI3K-dependent manner. We demonstrate that PDK1 binds and phosphorylates integrin αvβ3. Down-regulation of PDK1 increases FA size and slows down their disassembly. This process requires both PDK1 kinase activity and PI3K activation but does not involve Akt. Moreover, PDK1 silencing stabilizes FA in membrane protrusions decreasing EC migration on vitronectin.
These results indicate that modulation of integrin endocytosis by PDK1 hampers EC adhesion and migration on extracellular matrix, thus unveiling a novel role for this kinase.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Extended π-Conjugative and Push–Pull-Type 1,4-Diaryl-1-thio-1,3-butadienes Incorporated in a Dibenzobarrelene Skeleton
Authors: Annaka Tatsuro , Nakata Norio , Ishii Akihiko 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
1,4-Bis(p-ethynylphenyl)-1-thio-1,3-butadiene derivatives incorporated in a dibenzobarrelene skeleton were yielded by Sonogashira reactions of the corresponding 1,4-bis(p-halophenyl) derivatives, and push–pull-type sulfoxide and sulfone derivatives were obtained by oxidation of the amino derivative prepared by Buchwald–Hartwig reaction of the 1,4-bis(p-halophenyl) derivatives. These compounds show red-shifted yellow and orange fluorescence [λem(CH2Cl2) = 522–562 nm, λem(solid) = 522–580 nm] in comparing with the unsubstituted, 1,4-diphenyl-1-thio-1,3-butadiene derivative [λem(CH2Cl2) = 491 nm, λem(solid) = 483 nm].
Vice-Virtue Bundles
Authors: Liu Peggy J. , Haws Kelly L. , Lamberton Cait , Campbell Troy H. , Fitzsimons Gavan J. 
Published: January 2015

We introduce a simple solution to help consumers manage choices between healthy and unhealthy food options: vice-virtue bundles. Vice-virtue bundles are item aggregates with varying proportions of both vice and virtue, holding overall quantity constant. Four studies compare choice and perceptions of differently composed vice-virtue bundles relative to one another and to pure vice and pure virtue options. Although multiple consumer segments can be identified, results suggest that people overall tend to prefer vice-virtue bundles with small [Formula: see text] to medium [Formula: see text] proportions of vice rather than large [Formula: see text] proportions of vice. Moreover, people generally rate vice-virtue bundles with small vice proportions as healthier but similarly tasty as bundles with larger vice proportions. For most individuals, choice patterns are different from those predicted by variety-seeking accounts alone. Instead, these findings provide evidence of asymmetric effectiveness of small vice and virtue proportions at addressing taste and health goals, respectively. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2053 . This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
Decision Making Under Uncertainty When Preference Information Is Incomplete
Authors: Armbruster Benjamin , Delage Erick 
Published: January 2015

We consider the problem of optimal decision making under uncertainty but assume that the decision maker’s utility function is not completely known. Instead, we consider all the utilities that meet some criteria, such as preferring certain lotteries over other lotteries and being risk averse, S-shaped, or prudent. These criteria extend the ones used in the first- and second-order stochastic dominance framework. We then give tractable formulations for such decision-making problems. We formulate them as robust utility maximization problems, as optimization problems with stochastic dominance constraints, and as robust certainty equivalent maximization problems. We use a portfolio allocation problem to illustrate our results. This paper was accepted by Dimitris Bertsimas, optimization.
Detection of Human Papillomavirus 16, 18, and 45 in Women With ASC-US Cytology and the Risk of Cervical Precancer
Authors: Castle Phillip E. , Cuzick Jack , Stoler Mark H. , Wright Thomas C. , Reid Jennifer L. , Dockter Janel , Giachetti Cristina , Getman Damon 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Objectives:
The Aptima human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 18/45 Genotype (GT) assay (AHPV-GT) is a qualitative E6/ E7 oncogene messenger RNA test that detects HPV 16 and a pool of HPV 18 and 45. The CLEAR (Clinical Evaluation of APTIMA mRNA) study was the pivotal, prospective, multicenter US clinical study to validate the Aptima HPV (AHPV) assays.

Methods:
In this analysis, we evaluated the clinical performance of AHPV and AHPV-GT assays for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more severe (CIN2 +) and grade 3 (CIN3) or adenocarcinoma in situ in 912 women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) Papanicolaou result. The AHPV-GT assay was performed on high-risk HPV (hrHPV) positives as determined by the AHPV assay.

Results:
Overall, the percent positive for hrHPV was 38.8% (354/912), of which 34.2% (121/354) were GT positive. Among hrHPV-positive women, the risks of CIN2 + were 37.0% for HPV 16 positives, 15.9% for HPV 18/45 positives, 14.3% for other hrHPV positives, and 2.2% for AHPV negatives. The risks of CIN3 + were 20.5% for HPV 16 positives, 9.1% for HPV 18/45 positives, 4.3% for other hrHPV positives, and 0.7% for HPV negatives.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated that AHPV-GT is a reliable and effective test for cervical cancer risk stratification in women with an ASC-US cytology diagnosis.