bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring Scapular Movement Using Three-Dimensional Acromial Projection
Authors: Hoard Ronald W. , Janes William E. , Brown Justin M. , Stephens Christina L , Engsberg Jack R. 
Published: March 2013

Background The current jig standard for measuring scapulohumeral movement of the shoulder complex only allows for static measurements of scapular positioning. Methods We compared scapular positioning as determined by a scapular jig with that projected from a marker triad placed on the acromion process of the scapula using an infrared motion capture system. Nine individuals performed abduction and scaption shoulder movements while arm and shoulder positioning were recorded during static and dynamic trials. Virtual scapulae were projected from surface marker triads on participants' acromia and compared with the position of three scapular landmarks identified by placement of a customized plastic jig. Static and dynamic positioning at a series of angles was compared to the jig standard to determine validity of the technique. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the virtual projections and jig standard for scapular external rotation, upward rotation, and anterior-posterior tilt planar measurements. Dynamic positioning correlated well with static projections, but virtual scapular projections generally overestimated upward rotation of the scapulae, as compared to the jig. This could potentially be corrected through the development of a linear correction factor. Conclusion Acromial projection allows for reproducible, non-invasive dynamic video motion capture of the scapula.
Factor price overshooting with trade liberalization: theory and evidence
Authors: Namini Julian Emami , López Ricardo A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis paper develops an intra‐industry trade model with skilled and unskilled labor as factors of production, endogenous accumulation of skilled labor and firm heterogeneity in factor intensities to examine the effect of trade reforms on factor prices. Since exporters are more skill intensive than non–exporters, a decrease in trade barriers initially increases wage inequality between skilled and unskilled workers, as a result of an increase in the relative demand for skilled labor. Over time, however, as agents respond to the change in relative wages by investing in skilled labor, the relative wage of skilled labor decreases. Evidence from Chilean plant–level data supports the idea of factor price overshooting with trade liberalization.
The Extent of Collective Bargaining and Workplace Representation: Transitions between States and their Determinants. A Comparative Analysis of Germany and Great Britain
Authors: Addison John T. , Bryson Alex , Teixeira Paulino , Pahnke André , Bellmann Lutz 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe institutions of collective bargaining and worker representation are eroding in many nations, not least in Germany and Britain. This is the first article to explore transitions into and out of these arrangements. Using successive waves of the German IAB Establishment Panel and both cross‐sectional and panel components of the British Workplace Employment Relations Survey for the period 1998–2004, we find industrial relations are in flux, with many workplaces switching into and out of collective bargaining and other agencies of worker representation, respectively, works councils in Germany and joint consultative committees in Britain. Yet although there are some commonalities in behaviour, the driving forces behind the decline in collective bargaining differ markedly in the two countries.
Fair Accumulation under Risky Lifetime
Authors: Ponthiere Gregory 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIndividuals save for their old days, but not all of them enjoy the old age. This paper characterizes the optimal capital accumulation in a two‐period OLG model where lifetime is risky and varies across individuals. We compare two long‐run social optima: (1) the average utilitarian optimum, where steady‐state average welfare is maximized; (2) the egalitarian optimum, where the welfare of the worst‐off at the steady‐state is maximized. It is shown that, under plausible conditions, the egalitarian optimum involves a higher capital and a lower fertility than the utilitarian optimum. Those inequalities hold also in a second‐best framework where survival conditions are exogenously linked to the capital level.
NDM-8 Metallo-β-Lactamase in a Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strain Isolated in Nepal
Authors: Tada Tatsuya , Miyoshi-Akiyama Tohru , Dahal Rajan K. , Sah Manoj K. , Ohara Hiroshi , Kirikae Teruo , Pokhrel Bharat M. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

A novel metallo-β-lactamase, NDM-8, was identified in a multidrug-resistant
Escherichia coli
isolate, IOMTU11 (NCGM37), obtained from the respiratory tract of a patient in Nepal. The amino acid sequence of NDM-8 has substitutions at positions 130 (Asp to Gly) and 154 (Met to Leu) compared with NDM-1. NDM-8 showed enzymatic activities against β-lactams similar to those of NDM-1.
N-Glycosylation of Campylobacter jejuni Surface Proteins Promotes Bacterial Fitness
Authors: Alemka Abofu , Nothaft Harald , Zheng Jing , Szymanski Christine M. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

Campylobacter jejuni
is the etiologic agent of human bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. In contrast, despite heavy colonization,
C. jejuni
maintains a commensal mode of existence in chickens. The consumption of contaminated chicken products is thought to be the principal mode of
C. jejuni
transmission to the human population.
C. jejuni
harbors a system for N-linked protein glycosylation that has been well characterized and modifies more than 60 periplasmic and membrane-bound proteins. However, the precise role of this modification in the biology of
C. jejuni
remains unexplored. We hypothesized that the N-glycans protect
C. jejuni
surface proteins from the action of gut proteases. The
C. jejuni pglB
mutant, deficient in the expression of the oligosaccharyltransferase, exhibited reduced growth in medium supplemented with chicken cecal contents (CCC) compared with that of wild-type (WT) cells. Inactivation of the cecal proteases by heat treatment or with protease inhibitors completely restored bacterial viability and partially rescued bacterial growth. Physiological concentrations of trypsin, but not chymotrypsin, also reduced
C. jejuni pglB
mutant CFU. Live or dead staining indicated that CCC preferentially influenced
C. jejuni
growth as opposed to bacterial viability. We identified multiple chicken cecal proteases by mass fingerprinting. The use of protease inhibitors that target specific classes indicated that both metalloproteases and serine proteases were involved in the attenuated growth of the oligosaccharyltransferase mutant. In conclusion, protein N-linked glycosylation of surface proteins may enhance
C. jejuni
fitness by protecting bacterial proteins from cleavage due to gut proteases.
The effect of failure mode and effect analysis on reducing percutaneous coronary intervention hospital door-to-balloon time and mortality in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Kuo Feng-Yu , Huang Wei-Chun , Chiou Kuan-Rau , Mar Guang-Yuan , Cheng Chin-Chang , Chung Chen-Chi , Tsai Han-Lin , Jiang Chen-Hung , Wann Shue-Ren , Lin Shoa-Lin , Liu Chun-Peng 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundDoor-to-balloon (D2B) time is an important factor in the outcome of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. We aimed to use failure mode and effect analysis to reduce the D2B time for patients with STEMI and to improve clinical outcomes.MethodsThere were three stages in this study. In Stage 0, data collected from 2005–2006 was used to identify failures in the process, and during Stage 2 (2007) and Stage 3 (2008) the efficacy of intrahospital and interhospital strategies to reduce the D2B time were evaluated. This study enrolled 385 patients; 86 from 2005–2006; 80 in 2007; and 219 in 2008.ResultsBy making improvements in these steps, the median D2B time was reduced from 146 min to 32 min for all patients. The proportion of patients with a D2B time of <90 min significantly increased from Stage 0 to Stage 1 and from Stage 1 to Stage 2, for all patients as well as for the non-transferred and transferred subgroups of patients (all p values <0.0001). For non-transferred patients, only reinfarction-free survival showed significant difference among the three stages (p=0.0225), and for transferred patients, only overall survival showed significant difference among the three stages (p=0.0322). Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis showed Stage 2 was associated with a lower risk of reinfarction and mortality compared with Stage 0.ConclusionsThis study found that failure mode and effect analysis is a powerful method for identifying weaknesses in D2B processes and evaluating strategies to reduce the D2B time.
Atrial Premature Beats During Decrementally Conducting Antidromic Tachycardia
Authors: Sternick Eduardo Back , Lokhandwala Yash , Timmermans Carl , Gerken Luiz , Soares Frederico , Dias Liana , Huo Yan , Hindricks Gerhard , Wellens Hein J.J. 
Published: March 2013

Background—
Advancement of ventricular activation by an atrial premature beat (APB) given during His bundle refractoriness followed by resetting of an antidromic tachycardia (AT) in patients with decrementally conducting accessory pathway (DAP) is a helpful maneuver to prove pathway existence and participation in the circuit. We aim to assess in a large cohort the role of APB during AT in patients with a DAP.

Methods and Results—

Thirty-three patients with a DAP having 34 AT were included in the study: 29 patients had an atriofascicular pathway, 1 had a long atrioventricular DAP, and 4 had a short atrioventricular fiber. APBs were delivered initially from the lateral right atrium, scanning diastole with a 10-ms decrement until AT termination or refractoriness. We observed 4 patterns of response after APB during AT: advancement of activation (29 cases), delay (2), advancement followed by delay (3), and termination (7). Eight patients required an earlier APB to advance or delay ventricular activation. These 8 patients had a shorter AT cycle length (median of 273 versus 315 ms;
P
=0.003) and had a shorter resetting zone (median coupling interval of 30 versus 50 ms;
P
=0.01).

Conclusions—
APB delivered during AT in patients with a DAP advanced and/or delayed ventricular activation in all patients. In 1 of 5 of cases the AT was terminated by a single APB. In approximately a quarter of the patients an earlier coupled APB was needed to reset AT. The high RA was an adequate stimulation site in all right-sided DAP.
Multispectral Imaging Documentation of the Findings of Tomb I and II at Daphne
Authors: Alexopoulou Athina A. , Agathi-Anthoula Kaminari 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
A selection of the findings of Tombs I and II was examined using non-invasive multispectral imaging in visible and near-infrared radiation. This led to increased legibility of the text for several fragments of papyrus including underlayers, better distinction of script on tablets and better visualization of the drawings and pigment differentiation on the lekythoi.
A New Entrance Gate in Urban Minorities: Chinese Muslim Minority, the Hui People Case
Authors: Kim Enoch J. 
Published: March 2013

This article identifies a newly emerging young, urban, Chinese Muslim class that is evolving during a time of significant modernization. In this study, measures were developed to record each participant's degree of receptivity to modernization via background information gathered from test groups. The results identified those most open to new information (Entrance Group). An empirical survey to gather this data was conducted among 232 young, educated, urban (YEU) individuals from the Hui people and the Han Chinese majority. Results from the study suggest that the YEU's media and program preferences will strongly impact research regarding effective mission strategies. The analysis proves that the YEU-Hui is a distinct group within its traditional community setting, and accordingly, has distinct preferences and needs. As such, this modernized Muslim class is theoretically influential among its own people, open to new information, specific in its media consumption of similar applications, and similar in many ways to young adults within similar demographics from foreign populations. This article is based upon afield survey for my Ph.D. dissertation, “Receptor-Oriented Communication for Hui Muslims in China: With Special Reference to Church Planting” (2009).
Bibliography of the Writings of Orlando E. Costas
Authors: Calienes Raúl Fernández 
Published: March 2013

During his life, the Rev. Dr. Orlando E. Costas made significant contributions to the literature of missiology and theology. Though he was only 45 years old at the time of his death, he personally authored over 100 books and articles, and made over thirty contributions (e.g., chapters, articles, prologues) to the books of other people from around the world. His own interests were varied, but centered mostly on mission, evangelism, and Latin America. This bibliography is an attempt to collect and record his writings, all in one place. It is offered as a tribute to his life and ministry. Wherever possible, searching aids have been included. Examples are the Library of Congress cataloguing numbers (for most of the books) and the Reigner Recording Library Catalog numbers (for the sound recordings at the Union Theological Seminary, Richmond, Virginia).
Seeing Mission through Images
Authors: Bevans Stephen 
Published: March 2013

We do not so much see images as see through images, writes theologian John Shea. Taking this insight, this article explores eight images of the missionary and through them comes to an understanding of mission itself. Images explored are those of (1) treasure hunter, (2) teacher, (3) prophet, (4) guest, (5) stranger, (6) partner, (7) migrant worker, and (8) ghost. Mission is understood not as a mere communication of a content, but as an invitation to search for what is already hidden in a culture. It has the courage to preach God's good, though sometimes challenging, news in season and out of season. It works through the gratefulness of a guest, the challenge of the stranger, the encouragement of the equal partner. It is concerned not with rights and prestige and recognition, but with the good of human beings. Ultimately, mission prolongs God's incarnation by continuing to make visible God's consoling and transforming love.
Images of Church and Mission: The China Case
Authors: Carroll Janet 
Published: March 2013

This paper relies largely on perspectives from the Catholic tradition and considers how the Chinese Christians can take their place in the universal communion of an emerging world church. Beginning in the 1980s, Chinese Christians have had a new window of opportunity to incarnate authentically their faith and to contextualize fully the gospel in their own social and cultural context. They face a crisis—an opportunity fraught with risks—to seize the moment for a prophetic proclamation of the gospel in the face of rampant materialism, fragmenting secularization, and the “modernization” frenzy. The irrepressibility of Chinese Christians who have endured decades of repression and outright persecution is a courageous witness of hope for a new tomorrow.
The Poor and the Lost: A Holistic View of Poverty
Authors: Brandt Donald P. 
Published: March 2013

Christian development agencies often purport to work with the physically and spiritually poor. Do they? To answer this question, several measures of poverty are combined into two indices to better define “the poor.” World maps and a scatter plot are used to show physical and spiritual poverty. The question is then answered for one Christian development agency. World Vision International. The paper concludes with implications for mission. What does presenting the gospel mean in a world in which the physically poor are often the most spiritually impoverished? Now add restrictions to speech, especially in Muslim countries, where the verbal gospel is unwelcomed. In such situations, holistic practitioners would seem to be the messengers of the hour.
Missions and Churches in Partnership for Evangelism: A Study of the Declaration of Ibadan
Authors: Collins Travis 
Published: March 2013

Partnership between missions (the organizations of expatriate missionaries working under a common sending agency in a particular locale) and national churches (the cooperating bodies of national Christians to which the missions relate, called “conventions/unions” in this article) has emerged as a critical issue in world evangelization. One attempt at just and effective partnerships between missions and conventions/unions is the Declaration of Ibadan. Its engaging features include the proposed role of the mission, joint decision making regarding evangelism among unreached people groups, and the deployment of missionary personnel. This article is a reflection on the proposals set forth in the Ibadan Declaration with particular reference to their implications for evangelism.
Christian Reconstructionism and the Christian World Mission
Authors: Poston Larry 
Published: March 2013

Christian Reconstructionism is a movement which seeks to expand the kingdom of God in an external and institutional fashion. Advocates promote obedience to the Mosaic Law and seek to transform the political, economic, judicial, and social institutions of every nation into structures that would be modern equivalents of Old Testament Israel. For Reconstructionists, who are postmillennialists, this process fulfills the great commission. This essay shows that contrary to the missiological paradigm of Reconstructionism, the apostles of the New Testament operated in accordance with an internal and personal approach to salvation, allowing for culturally flexible philosophies of evangelism and discipleship which evangelicals should continue to appropriate for their outreach strategies.
Covenants of Wholeness: Adoption and Land Tenure in Georgian England and the Hawaiian Kingdom
Authors: Giffin Michael 
Published: March 2013

Michael Giffin suggests that throughout history adoption has reflected the social covenant of the society it existed to serve. For example, adoption served semi-feudal agrarian society in different ways from adoption in modern industrialised society. Adoption was once an agreement among extended families and allies, which did not mandate divorce from birth families and sought to advantage birth and adoptive families alike. While it often led to unexpected outcomes, if successful, adoption became a principal means of accruing the social and economic benefits on which sovereignty and commonwealth once depended. Through those benefits, adoption became a way of promoting wholeness, soteria in biblical Greek, a word from which the term salvation has evolved. After describing the ideas of covenant and wholeness, and the practices of land tenure and adoption, this article compares case studies of adoption in the Austen and Kamehameha families during a period in which Britain and Hawaii made their extraordinarily rapid transitions from semi-feudalism to constitutional monarchy. One conclusion drawn is that societies once thought conservative and exclusive are actually adaptive and inclusive. Another is that the imperative of wholeness, like the idea of salvation, is a chameleon: it changes its colour to fit in with its surroundings.
Sex, Sexuality and Relationships: Developing Confidence and Discernment When Assessing Lesbian and Gay Prospective Adopters
Authors: Cocker Christine , Brown Helen Cosis 
Published: March 2013

In the UK, the last 15 years have seen a profound change in the way that lesbians and gay men have been socially and politically located and acknowledged. This is evidenced by recent legislative changes that have given protection to lesbians and gay men and placed a duty on public bodies to provide equitable services. For a number of years lesbians and gay men have been specifically targeted, recruited and utilised as adopters of children in public care. With these changes has come the realisation that a number of complexities in adoption practice have been insufficiently addressed. Brown and Cocker (2008) have argued that in the assessment of prospective lesbian and gay adopters, struggling with complexities is crucial for safe and effective assessment of suitability to be realised. This appreciation of the complexity of practice has been articulated in the Independent Inquiry into the Circumstances of Child Sexual Abuse by Two Foster Carers in Wakefield (Parrott et al, 2007). The report noted that the ‘homosexuality’ of the foster carers became the primary focus of social work anxiety. This happened at the expense of holistic considerations of both the carers' potential and their actual foster care practice. Although these findings relate to foster care, they are transferable to the adoption field. The authors of the Inquiry emphasised the importance of ‘discrimination’ in practice, arguing that ‘discrimination’ was essential for discerning and analytical assessment, support and supervision. This article by Christine Cocker and Helen Cosis Brown offers a conceptual framework as well as practice tools to facilitate such discriminatory, effective, discerning and comprehensive assessments of lesbian and gay prospective adopters. The paramountcy of the child's welfare has to remain central to developments in adoption practice. This article maintains this centrality.
Are Care Leavers Significantly Dissatisfied and Depressed in Adult Life?
Authors: Buchanan Ann 
Published: March 2013

Using data from the National Child Development Study (NCDS), Ann Buchanan explores the links between children who have been ‘in care’ (as they were known pre-Children Act 1989), life satisfaction in adult life, psychological problems at 16 and depression at 33. In adult life, children who had been in care were less satisfied with their lives and were significantly more at risk of psychological problems at age 16 and depression at age 33. Despite this finding, three out of four children did not have psychological problems at 16, and four out of five did not have such problems at 33. Those who were satisfied with their lives were more likely to have qualifications, jobs and partners, but since life satisfaction can relate to out-of-home and out-of-work activities, this paper suggests that creating opportunities for young people to develop these outside interests as they grow up may increase their sense of self-worth and indirectly protect them from later mental health problems.
Leadership Excellence: The Asian Experience
Authors: Bhatta C. Panduranga 
Published: March 2013

The globalised world needs people who exhibit courage, confidence, and vision and will to provide leadership based on holistic worldview, and cultivate flexibility, and admit diversity. Leadership excellence lies in adopting innovative approaches that foster understanding and build bridges across ethnic, racial, cultural and religious groups besides promoting social welfare, economic development, and tolerance of all religions and cultures. Asia provides one of the most inspirational role models for leadership excellence in an ancient Indian king, namely, Ashoka the Great (299–234B.C). In this paper we present a Case Study on Ashoka the Great. In order to understand his leadership excellence we focus on the vision, mission and action on which his wholesome leadership was based. The main objective of this paper is to bring out a few relevant points, which may contribute to the development of leadership excellence, which is the much focused topic in the field of management theory and practice.