bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes and Regulation of the C5a Receptor on Neutrophils during Septic Shock in Humans
Authors: Unnewehr Heike , Rittirsch Daniel , Sarma J. Vidya , Zetoune Firas , Flierl Michael A. , Perl Mario , Denk Stephanie , Weiss Manfred , Schneider Marion E. , Monk Peter N. , Neff Thomas , Mihlan Michael , Barth Holger , Gebhard Florian , Ward Peter A. , Huber-Lang Markus 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
During experimental sepsis, excessive generation of the anaphylatoxin C5a results in reduction of the C5a receptor (C5aR) on neutrophils. These events have been shown to result in impaired innate immunity. However, the regulation and fate of C5aR on neutrophils during sepsis are largely unknown. In contrast to 30 healthy volunteers, 60 patients in septic shock presented evidence of complement activation with significantly increased serum levels of C3a, C5a, and C5b-9. In the septic shock group, the corresponding decrease in complement hemolytic activity distinguished survivors from nonsurvivors. Neutrophils from patients in septic shock exhibited decreased C5aR expression, which inversely correlated with serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and clinical outcome. In vitro exposure of normal neutrophils to native pentameric CRP led to a dose- and time-dependent loss of C5aR expression on neutrophils, whereas the monomeric form of CRP, as well as various other inflammatory mediators, failed to significantly alter C5aR levels on neutrophils. A circulating form of C5aR (cC5aR) was detected in serum by immunoblotting and a flow-based capture assay, suggestive of an intact C5aR molecule. Levels of cC5aR were significantly enhanced during septic shock, with serum levels directly correlating with lethality. The data suggest that septic shock in humans is associated with extensive complement activation, CRP-dependent loss of C5aR on neutrophils, and appearance of cC5aR in serum, which correlated with a poor outcome. Therefore, cC5aR may represent a new sepsis marker to be considered in tailoring individualized immune-modulating therapy.
Ly49Q Positively Regulates Type I IFN Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in an Immunoreceptor Tyrosine–Based Inhibitory Motif–Dependent Manner
Authors: Rahim Mir Munir A. , Tai Lee-Hwa , Troke Angela D. , Mahmoud Ahmad Bakur , Abou-Samra Elias , Roy Justin G. , Mottashed Amelia , Ault Nicholas , Corbeil Chloe , Goulet Marie-Line , Zein Haggag S. , Hamilton-Valensky Melisa , Krystal Gerald , Kerr William G. , Toyama-Sorimachi Noriko , Makrigiannis Andrew P. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are the major producers of type I IFN during the initial immune response to viral infection. Ly49Q, a C-type lectin-like receptor specific for MHC-I, possesses a cytoplasmic ITIM and is highly expressed on murine pDC. Using Ly49Q-deficient mice, we show that, regardless of strain background, this receptor is required for maximum IFN-α production by pDC. Furthermore, Ly49Q expression on pDC, but not myeloid dendritic cells, is necessary for optimal IL-12 secretion, MHC-II expression, activation of CD4+ T cell proliferation, and nuclear translocation of the master IFN-α regulator IFN regulatory factor 7 in response to TLR9 agonists. In contrast, the absence of Ly49Q did not affect plasmacytoid dendritic cell–triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells expression or pDC viability. Genetic complementation revealed that IFN-α production by pDC is dependent on an intact tyrosine residue in the Ly49Q cytoplasmic ITIM. However, pharmacological inhibitors and phosphatase-deficient mice indicate that Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP)-1, SHP-2, and SHIP phosphatase activity is dispensable for this function. Finally, we observed that Ly49Q itself is downregulated on pDC in response to CpG exposure in an ITIM-independent manner. In conclusion, Ly49Q enhances TLR9-mediated signaling events, leading to IFN regulatory factor 7 nuclear translocation and expression of IFN-I genes in an ITIM-dependent manner that can proceed without the involvement of SHP-1, SHP-2, and SHIP.
Selective Impairment of P2Y Signaling by Prostaglandin E2 in Macrophages: Implications for Ca2+-Dependent Responses
Authors: Través Paqui G. , Pimentel-Santillana María , Carrasquero Luz María G. , Pérez-Sen Raquel , Delicado Esmerilda G. , Luque Alfonso , Izquierdo Manuel , Martín-Sanz Paloma , Miras-Portugal María Teresa , Boscá Lisardo 
Published: March 2013

AbstractExtracellular nucleotides have been recognized as important modulators of inflammation via their action on specific pyrimidine receptors (P2). This regulation coexists with the temporal framework of proinflammatory and proresolution mediators released by the cells involved in the inflammatory response, including macrophages. Under proinflammatory conditions, the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 leads to the release of large amounts of PGs, such as PGE2, that exert their effects through EP receptors and other intracellular targets. The effect of these PGs on P2 receptors expressed in murine and human macrophages was investigated. In thioglycollate-elicited and alternatively activated macrophages, PGE2 selectively impairs P2Y but not P2X7 Ca2+ mobilization. This effect is absent in LPS-activated cells and is specific for PGE2 because it cannot be reproduced by other PGs with cyclopentenone structure. The inhibition of P2Y responses by PGE2 involves the activation of nPKCs (PKCε) and PKD that can be abrogated by selective inhibitors or by expression of dominant-negative forms of PKD. The inhibition of P2Y signaling by PGE2 has an impact on the cell migration elicited by P2Y agonists in thioglycollate-elicited and alternatively activated macrophages, which provide new clues to understand the resolution phase of inflammation, when accumulation of PGE2, anti-inflammatory and proresolving mediators occurs.
The Benefits of Knitting for Personal and Social Wellbeing in Adulthood: Findings from an International Survey
Authors: Riley Jill , Corkhill Betsan , Morris Clare 
Published: March 2013

Introduction: There is increasing evidence that engaging in creative and meaningful occupation can impact positively on health and wellbeing. Much of the research in this area has concentrated on general occupational categories and less is known about the benefits of specific occupations. This study aimed to identify the benefits of knitting for individuals' personal and social wellbeing as a prerequisite to investigating its therapeutic use. Method: An online survey was conducted through an internet knitting site. Responses were received from 3,545 knitters worldwide. Quantitative data were analysed statistically to establish relationships and differences among variables and qualitative data for key themes. Results: Respondents came from a virtual community of knitters. The majority were female white adults and frequent knitters, who commonly reported knitting for relaxation, stress relief and creativity. The results show a significant relationship between knitting frequency and feeling calm and happy. More frequent knitters also reported higher cognitive functioning. Knitting in a group impacted significantly on perceived happiness, improved social contact and communication with others. Conclusion: Knitting has significant psychological and social benefits, which can contribute to wellbeing and quality of life. As a skilled and creative occupation, it has therapeutic potential — an area requiring further research.
A pesquisa na formação e no trabalho dos professores da educação básica
Authors: Curado Pinheiro Cordeiro da Silva Kátia Augusta , Limonta Sandra Valéria 
Published: March 2013

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise da pesquisa na formação e no trabalho dos professores que atuam na educação básica pública no Estado de Goiás e no Distrito Federal. Utilizamos como perspectiva metodológica, o materialismo histórico-dialético, tendo como referência A discussão que trazemos é fruto da análise de dados de uma investigação já concluída, realizada no período de 2007 a 2009, sobre a concepção de pesquisa dos professores da educação básica que possuem formação stricto sensu e de uma outra investigação que encontra-se em andamento, iniciada em 2010 e que tem como objeto a formação e a atuação de pedagogas(os) em espaços escolares e não escolares. Os resultados apontam que os professores com formação stricto sensu vivem um processo de proletarização no trabalho e que desejam realizar pesquisas, mas não têm condições estruturais para desenvolvê-las, demandando a necessidade de se investir na carreira docente como uma política de profissionalização e valorização.
Multilayer films ageing under ultraviolet radiations: Complementary study by dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Lewandowski Simon , Rejsek‐Riba Virginie , Bernès Alain , Perraud Sophie , Lacabanne Colette 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe effect of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on a multilayer film made of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Polyamide 6/poly(ethylene terephthalate) was investigated by uniaxial tractions, UV‐visible‐NIR and Fourier transformed infra‐red‐attenuated total reflection spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic dielectric spectroscopy (DDS). The multilayer was exposed to ultraviolet radiations (filtered at 270 nm) for 7 days, in air. The complexity of the multilayer thermograms recorded by DSC and DDS has required the study of each film constituting the multilayer to assess each the contribution of each one of them. A deterioration in mechanical properties and a decrease in UV transmission for low wavelengths are observed. These evolutions seem to result to the photo‐oxidation of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) film mainly localized at the exposed layer. This layer acts as a UV protection filter for the other layers. However, the DDS analyses show a plasticization effect of the primary mode in the Polyamide 6, which is evidence of photo‐oxidation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Tricolor electrochromism of PEDOT film electrodeposited in mixed solution of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate and tetrahydrofuran: Hypsochromic effect
Authors: Yi Cao , Yi‐Jie Tao , Hai‐Feng Cheng , Zhao‐Yang Zhang 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPEDOT [poly (3,4‐ethyldioxythiophene)] films have been electrochemically prepared in mixed solution of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate and tetrahydrofuran (BFEE‐THF). The film shows tricolor electrochromism which is claret red at −0.8 V, light grey at 0.2 V, and sea blue at 1.0 V. The film retains 74% of the original electroactivity and unperturbed electrochromic behaviors after 3000 cycles indicating potential applications on EC devices. Spectroelectrochemistry indicates that the π‐π* transition absorption peak (λmax) in the neutral state is located at 512 nm and the calculated energy gap (Eg) is 1.76 eV by the onset wavelength. Compared to the electropolymerization of PEDOT films in conventional solvent, tricolor electrochromism can be ascribed both to the low onset oxidation potential and polymerization rate in BFEE‐THF, which may result in a low conjugation length of PEDOT. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation of soft wood–plastic composites
Authors: Lu Jiaqi , Qi Rongrong , Hu Xinli , Luo Yu , Jin Jieyu , Jiang Pingkai 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTo extend the applications of wood–plastic composites (WPCs), soft WPCs were prepared with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and wood flour (WF) as major components via a two‐step process involving two‐roll mixing and compression molding. The effect of the various factors, such as WF, unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), and dicumyl peroxide contents, on the mechanical properties, processability, and morphology of the WPCs was investigated in detail. The addition of UFA could effectively improve the processability and flexibility of the composites. The in
situ grafting reaction between UFA and EVA considerably improved the adhesion of the WF and resin matrix. Consequently, soft WPCs with good performances in flexibility and processability were successfully obtained. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Study on vulcanization kinetics of constant viscosity natural rubber by using a rheometer MDR2000
Authors: Bei‐Long Zhang , Yong‐Zhou Wang , Ping‐Yue Wang , Hong‐Hai Huang 
Published: March 2013

AbstractVulcanization kinetics of constant viscosity natural rubber (CVNR) prepared with hydroxylamine hydrochloride was studied by using a Rheometer MDR2000. The results show that the first stage of curing period follows first‐order reaction, but the induction period and the end stage of curing period does not. The calculated reaction order n of the end stage of curing period of CVNR is in the range of 0.01–0.52, and that of natural rubber (NR) is in the range of 0.38–0.66. The reaction orders of the end stages of curing periods of CVNR and NR increase with increasing curing temperature, and the reaction order of the end stage of curing period of CVNR is smaller than that of NR at the same temperature. The rate constants of the induction period, the first stage of curing period and the end stage of curing period of CVNR are smaller than that of NR at the same temperature. The activation energies of the induction period, the first stage of curing period and the end stage of curing period of CVNR are greater than that of NR. The activation energy of the induction period of CVNR is increased by13.52%, the activation energy of the first stage curing period of CVNR is increased by 3.95%, and the activation energy of the end stage of curing period of CVNR is increased by 1.60% compared with the activation energies of NR. The time tdis of CVNR is longer than that of NR at the same temperature. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
A multivariant study of the absorption properties of poly(glutaric acid‐glycerol) films
Authors: Wyatt Victor T. , Yadav Madhav 
Published: March 2013

AbstractHydrogels and organogels are polymer networks that can absorb large amounts of water and organic solvent, respectively. In this study, solvent absorption into the matrices of poly(glutaric acid‐glycerol) hydrogel and organogel films amended with or without either iminodiacetic acid, sugarcane bagasse, pectin, corn fiber gum, or microcrystalline cellulose has been evaluated. Most of the starting materials used in this study, such as glycerol and the plant wall polysaccharides, are by‐products of biofuel production. Finding uses for them would further biofuel initiatives worldwide. To that end, experimental results showed that water absorption increased when using polymer films composed of additional glycerol or plant cell wall polysaccharides. The amount of solvent absorbed into the control film increased when incubated in pH 10 buffer solutions but decreased when incubated in pH 4 buffer solutions and NaCl solutions when compared with absorption of water. Incubating the polymers in solvent at elevated temperatures increased the absorption rate. It was determined that the combined effects of pKa and polarity can be used to predict solvent absorption. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) could be selectively extracted from or desorbed into films from other solvents. Erosion of the polymer films in DMSO ranged from 1.9 (±0.2) to 34.7 (±3.4)%. In water, erosion ranged from 6.3 (±3.2) to 32.7 (±3.2)%. The polymer films resorbed 3.3‐ and 2.3‐fold more DMSO and water, respectively, when compared with the original amount of absorbed solvent. These materials are potentially good candidates for agricultural and medicinal applications because their ability to absorb, desorb, and erode can be tuned. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Effect of functionalization on dispersion of POSS‐silicone rubber nanocomposites
Authors: Joshi Vartika , Srividhya M. , Dubey Mayank , Ghosh A. K. , Saxena Anubhav 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe nanocomposite of PDMS using functionalized fumed silica and nonreactive POSS as fillers were prepared by blend method in a planetary mixer. Fumed silica was functionalized by aliphatic and aromatic groups to study the filler–filler interactions with the aliphatic and aromatic POSS fillers and consequently their influence on the properties in the PDMS matrix. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed a good dispersion in the systems having the silica and POSS fillers with similar modifications. However, aliphatic and aromatic filler combinations showed more aggregated structures. Moreover, aliphatic POSS despite of good dispersion at higher loadings, act as lubricant, which is attributed to the disturbance in the PDMS‐ silica filler interaction and also the filler–filler interaction within fumed silica. There is a decrease in complex viscosity with the functionalization of fumed silica and with the aromatic/aliphatic POSS fillers. The thermal stability of aromatic functionalized fillers improves owing to the thermally stable phenyl groups. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Bioinspired and biocompatible adhesive coatings using poly(acrylic acid)‐grafted dopamine
Authors: Duan Li Jie , Liu Ying , Kim Jiheung , Chung Dong June 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPoly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was grafted with dopamine to increase its adhesion force to metal surface. Nitinol plate surfaces were then modified by coating with PAA‐g‐dopamine. To synthesize PAA‐g‐dopamine, PAA was first activated by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) to form PAA–NHS. Dopamine was then copolymerized with PAA–NHS in an aqueous medium at pH 8.5. We propose to increase the adhesion of adhesive PAA‐g‐dopamine on nitinol to improve its durability. In this article, we studied wettability, surface elemental composition, and surface morphology. Biocompatibility was also assessed by L929 fibroblast cells in vitro. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Blends of phthalic anhydride‐modified palm stearin alkyds with high carboxylic acid contents with epoxidized natural rubber
Authors: Khong Yoke Kum , Gan Seng Neon 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSolution blends comprised of alkyd having high carboxylic acid (COOH) content and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR 50, having nominally 50% of the isoprene units converted to epoxide groups) are self‐crosslinkable at 30°C in toluene solution. Two modified palm stearin alkyds with different amounts of COOH groups were synthesized by reacting phthalic anhydride with alkyd containing excess hydroxyl (OH) groups under controlled conditions, leading to the formation of different amounts of COOH as side‐chains. The crosslinking reactions between the alkyds and ENR 50 in toluene solutions were investigated using FTIR and DSC. The compatibility between ENR 50 and alkyd was indicated by the presence of a single glass transition temperature (Tg) in the blend. Intercomponent crosslinking reactions have occurred between the epoxide groups of ENR 50 and COOH groups of alkyd with the formation of ester linkages. The crosslink density is proportional to the amount of COOH groups in the alkyd. As the COOH content is increased, the blend produces higher percentage of gel insoluble in toluene. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Design of zero–zero‐birefringence polymers in methacrylate copolymer systems containing trichloroethyl methacrylate
Authors: Iwasaki Shuhei , Satoh Zen , Shafiee Houran , Tagaya Akihiro , Koike Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPolymers that exhibit neither orientational nor photoelastic birefringence, called zero–zero‐birefringence polymers, are candidate materials for preparing optical components of liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Analyzing the birefringences for various methacrylate polymers is an issue of current importance in developing zero–zero‐birefringence polymers with appropriate characteristics for LCDs. The researchers have investigated different types of birefringence for poly(2,2,2‐trichloroethyl methacrylate) (PTCEMA) and have shown that PTCEMA exhibits negative orientational and photoelastic birefringences. By using TCEMA as a comonomer, a zero–zero‐birefringence polymer having much higher glass transition temperature (Tg) compared with previous researches has been prepared by ternary copolymerization. Moreover, the researchers have fabricated zero–zero‐birefringence polymers in a quaternary system containing TCEMA. The property analyses indicate that Tg can be controlled while maintaining the zero–zero‐birefringence property, which shows that designing a quaternary zero–zero‐birefringence polymer permits selective synthesis with the most appropriate characteristics. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Effects of freezing conditions on the morphology and mechanical properties of clay and polymer/clay aerogels
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Gawryla Matthew D. , Schiraldi David A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractClay aerogels and poly(vinyl alcohol)/clay aerogels were prepared via an environmental friendly freeze‐drying process. Both mechanical properties and microstructures of the clay aerogels and polymer/clay aerogels were correlated to the freezing conditions. The compressive moduli of these materials increased as the freezing temperature used to produce the aerogels was decreased. Scanning electron microscopic observations suggest that the morphological variations of clay aerogels can be explained by the mechanism of ice templating that produced these structures. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Mechanical properties and crack propagation of soy‐polypropylene composites
Authors: Guettler Barbara E. , Moresoli Christine , Simon Leonardo C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractComposites from soy flour (SF) and polypropylene (PP) exhibited increased impact and flexural properties when SF was treated with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or when subjected to autoclave treatment and maleic anhydride coupling agent addition. The impact strength increased by at least 13% for the KMnO4 SF composites and by 18% for the autoclave SF composites with maleic anhydride coupling agent addition. These two SF composite materials showed increased impact and flexural modulus, an indication of multiscale material architecture. Scanning electron microscopy imaging of the fractured surfaces revealed different morphology and potential crack propagation mechanisms. Composites with untreated SF showed poor bonding with the polypropylene matrix whereas improved bonding was observed for SF subjected to KMnO4 treatment. Composites with SF subjected to autoclave treatment combined with maleic anhydride revealed good bonding. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Characterization of natural rubber/gold nanoparticles SERS‐active substrate
Authors: Cabrera Flávio C. , Agostini Deuber L. S. , dos Santos Renivaldo J. , Teixeira Silvio R. , Rodríguez‐Pérez Miguel A. , Job Aldo E. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNatural rubber/gold nanoparticles membranes (NR/Au) were studied by ultrasensitive detection and chemical analysis through surface‐enhanced Raman scattering and surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering in our previous work (Cabrera et al., J. Raman Spectrosc. 2012, 43, 474). This article describes the studies of thermal stability and mechanical properties of SERS‐active substrate sensors. The composites were prepared using NR membranes obtained by casting the latex solution as an active support (reducing/establishing agents) for the incorporation of colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The nanoparticles were synthesized by in situ reduction at different times. The characterization of these sensors was carried out by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microscopy, and tensile tests. It is suggested an influence of nanoparticles reduction time on the thermal degradation of NR. There is an increase in thermal stability without changing the chemical properties of the polymer. For the mechanical properties, the tensile rupture was enhanced with the increase in the amount of nanoparticles incorporated in the material. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013