bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating total horizontal aeolian flux within shrub‐invaded groundwater‐dependent meadows using empirical and mechanistic models
Authors: Vest Kimberly R. , Elmore Andrew J. , Kaste James M. , Okin Gregory S. , Li Junran 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWind erosion is a significant environmental problem that removes soil resources from sensitive ecosystems and contributes to air pollution. In regions of shallow groundwater, friable (puffy) soils are maintained through capillary action, surface evaporation of solute‐rich soil moisture, and protection from mobilization by groundwater‐dependent grasses and shrubs. When a reduction in vegetation cover occurs through any disturbance process, there is potential for aeolian transport and dust emission. We find that as mean gap size between vegetation elements scaled by vegetation height increases, total horizontal aeolian sediment flux increases and explains 58% of the variation in total horizontal aeolian sediment flux. We also test a probabilistic model of wind erosion based on gap size between vegetation elements scaled by vegetation height (the Okin model), which predicts measured total horizontal aeolian sediment flux more closely than another commonly used model based on the average plant area observed in profile (Raupach model). The threshold shear velocity of bare soil appears to increase as gap size between vegetation elements scaled by vegetation height increases, reflecting either surface armoring or reduced interaction between the groundwater capillary zone and surface sediments. This work advances understanding of the importance of measuring gap size between vegetation elements scaled by vegetation height for empirically estimating Q and for structuring process‐based models of desert wind erosion in groundwater‐dependent vegetation.
Tibetan Plateau precipitation as depicted by gauge observations, reanalyses and satellite retrievals
Authors: Tong Kai , Su Fengge , Yang Daqing , Zhang Leilei , Hao Zhenchun 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe European Centre for Medium‐range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis ERA‐40, ERA‐Interim, University of Washington (UW) data, APHRODITE's Water Resources (APHRODITE), and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) precipitation estimates are compared with each other and with the corrected gauge observations over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) at both basin and plateau scales. The ERA‐40 generally can capture the broad spatial and temporal distributions in the gauge‐based precipitation estimates over the TP. However, the ERA‐40 shows little agreement with the gauge‐based precipitation in annual variations for the years before 1979. The anticipated improvements in the ERA‐Interim precipitation relative to ERA‐40 have not been realized in this study. It greatly overestimates the Corrected‐China Meteorological Administration (CMA) (by 74–290%) and other datasets, although the ERA‐Interim has a better correspondence than ERA‐40 with the Corrected‐CMA data at both annual and monthly scales among the selected basins. All the products can detect the large‐scale precipitation regime, including the monsoon‐dominated precipitation in summer and the westerly‐wind‐induced precipitation in winter. The Corrected‐CMA and APHRODITE estimates generally show decreasing trends in summer and increasing trends in spring and winter precipitation during 1961–2007 at both basin and plateau scales. However, the Corrected‐CMA shows larger values in trends and more cases with significance than the APHRODITE, suggesting the effects of the undercatch corrections on the precipitation trends. The use of precipitation derived from current reanalysis projects is less preferable for hydrology analysis than the TP observational data at basin scales. However, using gauge‐based precipitation datasets as hydrologic model forcings should be careful in the river basins where gauge station network is spare, such as in the Yarlung zangbo river basin. Satellite products still hold a great potential for providing high‐resolution precipitation information in remote regions such as the western TP, although more evaluations are needed on the feasibility of satellite precipitation products on the TP where the topography is complex and rainfall rate is highly variable.
What Cost Knowledge Management? The Example of Infosys
Authors: Kimble Chris 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe term knowledge management (KM) first came to prominence in the late 1990s. Although initially dismissed as a fad, KM continues to be featured in articles concerning business productivity and innovation. And yet, clear‐cut examples that demonstrate the success of KM are few and far between. A brief examination of the history of KM explores the reasons for this and looks at some of the assumptions about what KM can achieve. A subsequent analysis of the experiences of Infosys with KM shows that for KM to be successful, organizational leaders need to engage in a continuous process of modification and maintenance. Although KM initiatives can be made to yield worthwhile returns over an extended period, there are often substantial ongoing costs associated with them. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is Your Organization Addicted to Outsourcing?
Authors: Rieley James B. , Lyon Angus 
Published: February 2013

AbstractManagers challenged to reduce expenses may find a solution in identifying the part of the business that costs more than it is delivering and then contracting with an external organization to provide the same services for less money. Sometimes the results are as planned, but when the decision to outsource is made without considering the full spectrum of factors that led the organization to consider outsourcing in the first place, the decision to cut in‐house staff and take on outside help can have serious unplanned consequences, and even lead to a counterproductive cycle of costly outsourcing engagements. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
To Prevent Attrition in Business Process Outsourcing, Focus on People
Authors: Thaly Priya , Sinha Vinita 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAddressing the high rate of attrition that has long plagued business process outsourcing (BPO) enterprises has become essential in light of the sector's expansion across numerous industries around the world. A study of one Indian BPO enterprise revealed that many of the factors that contribute to attrition can be offset by an organizational focus on people. On the basis of their findings, the researchers offer numerous strategies for improving employee retention without compromising business processes. Managers in any sector can apply these suggestions to help ensure the continued growth and success of their organizations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spectroscopic investigation on the structural modifications induced by radical stress on oligopeptides for tissue engineering
Authors: Di Foggia M. , Torreggiani A. , Taddei P. , Dettin M. , Tinti A. 
Published: February 2013

EAK16 (AEAEAKAKAEAEAKAK) and seven alternating polar/hydrophobic oligopeptides (derived from EAK16 by primary structure modifications) were tested for their resistance to free radical attack, in view of their possible use as biomimetic coatings of biomedical devices; in fact, oxidative radical stress, mainly due to hydroxyl radicals (•OH), is a common physiological condition occurring under acute or chronic inflammatory response. •OH radicals, mimicking an endogenous radical stress, were generated by gamma‐radiolysis of water solutions. IR and Raman spectroscopies were used to investigate the damages induced by free radicals on the oligopeptides, in particular on their folding and inter‐chain interactions.Some oligopeptides, i.e. EAK16 (pept1), pept3 (obtained by K → O substitution), pept5 (A → Abu substitution), pept7 (insertion at the N‐terminus of the RGD sequence), and pept8 (RGD insertion and “scrambling” of the sequence) were not severely affected by the treatment and retained their prevalent structure (i.e. α‐helix for pept8 and β‐sheet for the others). The other peptides, i.e. pept2 (obtained by E → D substitution), pept4 (E → D and K → O substitutions) and pept6 (A → Y substitution), showed significant conformational changes (i.e. increase in the α‐helix content) upon irradiation. In pept2 and pept4, modifications in hydrophobic and ionic interactions were observed; the latter were mainly ascribed to the decarboxylation of acidic amino acids. In pept6, the main target of the •OH attack was Tyr, as deduced by the strong variations observed in Tyr bands both in IR and Raman spectra.This study may contribute to gain insight into the different biological performances of the EAK16‐derived peptides and to identify the most adequate materials usable for bone regeneration. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Binding Mechanism of Inhibitors to CDK5/p25 Complex: Free Energy Calculation and Ranking Aggregation Analysis
Authors: Wu Qiong , Kang Hong , Tian Chuan , Huang Qi , Zhu Ruixin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCyclin‐dependent kinase‐5 (CDK5) plays an indispensable role in the central nervous system. Competitive inhibition of the ATP‐binding pocket of CDK5 is involved in fighting with neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, tumors, inflammations etc. To better design ATP‐binding competitive inhibitors, the binding mechanism of three important inhibitors of kinases, (R)‐roscovitine (RRC), aloisine‐A (ALH) and indirubin‐3′‐oxime (IXM), together with their receptor CDK5, were studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The H‐bond analysis demonstrated that a strong bond was formed between the CO or NH groups in the backbone of Cys83 and the N or NH groups on the nitrogen‐containing ring of inhibitors. These hydrogen bonds significantly increase the binding and inhibitory efficiency. The free energy analysis show that the order of predicted binding affinities of these three inhibitors toward CDK5/p25 is IXM>ALH>RRC, which is consistent with the experimental data. Besides the hydrogen bond formation, the van der Waals interactions between residues Ile10, Val18, and Leu133 of CDK5 and inhibitors were discovered to constitute another substantial component of their binding mode. Worth mentioning is that the conformational turnover of the inhibitor RRC was observed during the course of molecular dynamics simulations. We believe that this is the reason why RRC has the lower H‐bond occupancy and binding affinity than the other two inhibitors. Furthermore, during the analysis of the per‐residue decomposition, the ranking aggregation method was firstly employed to rank the contribution of different residues. The results demonstrated that the top five residues in the active pocket of CDK5 were Cys83, Leu133, Ile10, Phe82, and Glu81, which is in good agreement with the results of H‐bond analysis and binding free energy analysis. These findings should provide insights into the inhibition mechanism of the CDK5/p25 complex and be useful for the rational design of novel ATP‐binding competitive inhibitors in the near future.
Bandwidth improvement of a broadband PIFA for multiple mobile services
Authors: Gómez‐Villanueva R. , Linares‐y‐Miranda R. , Jardón‐Aguilar H. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA new very broadband planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) operating from 1.64 to 8.62 GHz with S11 < −10 dB is presented. The antenna has a volume of 4 × 2 × 1 cm3 and exhibits adequate radiation characteristics. It has the largest wideband reported for a PIFA‐type antenna and can be used for services such as DCS, PCS, LTE, WiMAX, WLAN, and Bluetooth. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:886–890, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27409
Compact cascaded quadruplet bandpass filter using artificial magnetic resonators
Authors: Lee Tae‐Hak , Baik Jung‐Woo , Kim Youngsik 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA compact cascaded quadruplet (CQ) bandpass filter (BPF) using artificial magnetic resonators is proposed in this letter.An artificial magnetic resonator, which has a negative effective permeability at the resonant frequency, consists of a shorted spiral structure. The negative‐mu characteristics are extracted from the simulation result of the scattering parameters in a fictitious rectangular waveguide. Compared with the open‐loop resonators that are usually used to construct conventional CQ‐BPFs, the proposed artificial magnetic resonator achieves about an 80% size reduction ratio. The measured insertion and return losses at a center frequency of 2.14 GHz are approximately 1.83 dB and 21 dB, respectively. The group delay is less than 0.81 ns in the W‐CDMA passband. The full‐wave simulation results are in good agreement with the measurement results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:883–886, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27410
Vivaldi antenna impedance bandwidth dependence on stripline to bilateral slotline transition
Authors: Bancroft Randy , Chou Ri‐Chee 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe Vivaldi Antenna is known to have a theoretically unlimited instantaneous frequency bandwidth.Vivaldi design geometry which uses an open circuit stub stripline to bilateral slotline transition is the limiting factor of this design. It is shown that a shorted stub transition increases the bandwidth toward the theoretical limit. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:937–941, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27413
Shared aperture dual band dual polarization microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Sharma Devendra Kumar , Kulshrestha Sanjeev , Chakrabarty S. B. , Jyoti Rajeev 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article presents the design and development of a new type of wideband shared aperture dual band dual microstrip polarization patch antenna (MPA) operating at L&S band. In this configuration, square ring shaped radiating element at L band and square shaped patch printed on different dielectric substrate layers housed within the square ring at S‐band has been used. The probe fed feeding mechanism is employed to get wide bandwidth performance at both bands. The measured 10‐dB return loss bandwidth is 28.3% at L band and 29.4% at S‐band. The simulated and measured antenna parameters of this antenna are in excellent agreement. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:917–922, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27414
Frequency tuning and miniaturization of square microstrip antenna embedded with “T”‐shaped defected ground structure
Authors: Chakraborty Ujjal , Chowdhury S.K. , Bhattacharjee A.K. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractStudy of the effect of “T”‐shaped defected ground structure (DGS) on frequency tuning and size reductions of a square microsrtrip antenna in comparison with square conventional and slit added compact patches are presented. Parametric analysis of the DGS shows that the resonant frequency of the proposed antenna can be tuned from 3.188 GHz down to 1.80 GHz with more than 4% fractional bandwidth. A significant size reduction of about 80% is achieved. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:869–872, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27417
A 24/77‐GHz SiGe BiCMOS transmitter chipset for automotive radar
Authors: Giammello Vittorio , Ragonese Egidio , Palmisano Giuseppe 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article presents a 24/77‐GHz transmitter chipset for automotive radar sensors implemented in a 160/175‐GHz fT/fmax SiGe BiCMOS technology. The chipset adopts a dual‐band architecture consisting of a 24‐GHz section for ultra‐wideband short‐range radar operation, which is also exploited to drive the 77‐GHz long‐range radar transmitter front‐end. The proposed design adopts a single 24‐GHz frequency synthesizer to implement both radar operation modes. The transmitter chipset is able to deliver a maximum output power of 3 dBm and 12 dBm at 24 GHz and 77 GHz, respectively. The 24‐GHz transmitter demonstrates to operate with pulse widths of 0.5 ns and 1 ns in compliance with the transmission mask designed by ETSI. The 77‐GHz transmitter exhibits a power gain of 20 dB, an output power of 12 dBm, and an output referred 1‐dB compression point of 9.5 dBm, while drawing 155 mA from a 2.5‐V supply voltage. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:782–786, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27425
High efficiency reflectarray using smooth tapering in phase pattern on antenna surface
Authors: Maddahali Mohsen , Forooraghi Keyvan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this article, a novel method is introduced to design a high efficiency and broadband reflectarray.Several techniques will be introduced for designing wideband reflectarray. First, by using fractal ring unit cell with 700° phase range; second, by smoothing phase tapering on reflectarray surface; and finally, by finding the optimum free reference phase and f/D ratio. Using these ideas, a 625 element array prototype of 25 × 25 cm2 dimensions with 1 dB gain bandwidth of 12% and radiation efficiency close to 66% at 10 GHz is simulated and tested. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:747–753, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27427
Triple‐band CMOS voltage‐controlled oscillator
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Chen Yao‐Tsu , Chang Chia‐Wei , Juang Miin‐Horng 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA low‐phase noise triple‐band voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) is proposed and it consists of a triple‐resonance LC resonator and a cross‐coupled switching transistor pair. In the proposed VCO that uses the triple‐resonance LC‐resonator, band switching is achieved by tuning the varactors in the resonator without using lossy switches in the resonator path. The triple‐resonance LC resonator comprises a parallel‐tuned LC resonator and two series resonant resonators. The proposed VCO has been implemented with the TSMC 0.18 μm 1P6M CMOS technology and the core power consumption is 3.12 mW at the dc drain–source bias of 0.8 V. The VCO can generate differential signals in the frequency range of 6.651∼7.146 GHz, 5.607∼5.941 GHz, and 3.15 GHz∼3.483 GHz. The die area of the triple‐band VCO is 0.684 × 0.754 mm2. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:737–740, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27431
Design and characterization of microfluidic housing effects on coplanar waveguide microfluidic delay line performance
Authors: Murray Casey , Franklin Rhonda R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA fluid and its housing are integrated on a coplanar waveguide circuit surface, realizing a variable delay line. Performance tradeoffs for different fluidic housing shapes are investigated. Simulation and measurement results for two circuits are shown with the housing filled with air or de‐ionized water. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:789–793, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27434
EDGE coupled variable microfluidic directional coupler
Authors: Murray Casey , Franklin Rhonda R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA microstrip directional coupler with a microfluidic superstrate in the coupling gap is investigated.In the microfluidic channel, relative dielectric constant values ranging from εr = 81 to εr = 1, deionized water and air are studied, respectively. The tuning range of the coupler is evaluated experimentally and compared to its full‐wave simulation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:756–758, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27436
Design and development of U‐notched corner truncated square microstrip antenna for X to Ku band operation
Authors: Singh Kishan , Mulgi S.N. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article reports the design and development of horizontally U‐notched corner truncated square microstrip antenna (UCSQMA) for dual‐band operation. If one more U‐notch is placed perpendicular to the horizontal U‐notches on the radiating patch, the antenna resonates for triple band of frequencies. Further, if H‐slot is placed on the ground plane of this antenna, the antenna operates for single band and gives a maximum impedance bandwidth of 82.68% covering X to Ku bands without changing the nature of broadside radiation characteristics. The proposed antenna may find applications for the systems operating in the frequency range of 7.53 GHz to 18 GHz. Details of antenna design are described and experimental results are discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:719–723, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27438
Applying line‐series‐shunt calibration to one‐tier on‐wafer device de‐embedding up to millimeter waves
Authors: Huang Chien‐Chang , Chen Yu‐Chuan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this article, a one‐tier on‐wafer device de‐embedding methodology up to millimeter wave regions is presented by using the line‐series‐shunt calibration technique. All the calibration and de‐embedding processes are accomplished without the needs of impedance‐standard‐substrate (ISS), which defines the reference impedance in the conventional on‐wafer measurements. Three on‐chip standards, namely a section of transmission line (TL), a series resistor, and a shunt resistor, are utilized to perform the calibration where the characteristics of the standards need not to be known in advance and can be evaluated through the self‐calibration procedure. The proposed method is examined by the GaAs 0.15 μm pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) device in the measured frequencies from 2 GHz to 90 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:744–747, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27445
Design of a multi‐band asymmetric patch antennal for wireless applications
Authors: Malekpoor Hossein , Jam Shahrokh 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA novel design for probe‐fed compact multiband microstrip patch antenna for wireless applications is presented in this article. The antenna is achieved by cutting the different slots' length on the patch and using unequal resonance arms. By adjusting unequal arms, various resonant frequencies are obtained. Also, this antenna presents resonance tuning ability within impedance bands by varying the length of the slots. The proposed antenna is designed and fabricated for operating at 3.66 GHz, 5.3 GHz, 5.8 GHz, and 7.03 GHz. The size of patch is 0.314λL × 0.342λL at its lower operating frequency. In addition, parametric studies are performed by investigating the effects of some key parameters on obtaining an optimal design of the proposed antenna. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:730–734, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27449
A novel terahertz multiband resonator based on tu‐shaped microstructure
Authors: Wang Wen‐Tao , Liu Jian‐Jun , Hong Zhi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe have designed and fabricated a terahertz multiband resonator based on TU‐shaped metallic microstructure on polyimide substrate. The performance of the fabricated device was examined by using a terahertz time‐domain spectroscopy system. The experimental results show three distinct resonant peaks at 0.37, 0.73 and 0.96 THz, which are in good agreement with the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) simulation. The multiband resonators have great potential applications in the fields such as terahertz imaging and biosensors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:857–859, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27457