bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leadership styles to engage employees: evidence from human service organizations in Italy
Authors: Sarti Daria 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– This study aims to examine the relationship between work engagement and leadership styles in human service organizations (HSOs). Specifically two leadership styles are investigated that are: participative and instrumental leadership style.

Design/methodology/approach
– A questionnaire was used for data collection, and analysis of data were carried out using descriptive statistics and regression analysis.

Findings
– By examining workers (n=251) operating in nine HSOs in Italy, this study shows that the three dimensions of work engagement relate to leadership styles. The data analysis found that while the participative leadership style of supervisors is particularly significant in predicting vigour and dedication among employees, the instrumental leadership style is positively related to vigour and absorption.

Research limitations/implications
– The study has some limitations that could represent stimuli for future research. The analysis is cross-sectional, and variables were measured using a common method and source. Furthermore, since the study involves only a small number of Italian HSOs, the results cannot be generalized and must be interpreted accordingly.

Practical implications
– The findings from this study give rise to implications for the development of employees' engagement in HSOs. It additionally provides useful suggestions on effective leadership style among supervisors in HSOs.

Originality/value
– An important contribution of the present study to current debate on work engagement is an insight into the construct of leadership styles as antecedents of work engagement. Furthermore, support is provided to the current debate that calls for a multi-dimensionality of work engagement and therefore suggests that the three dimensions may be differently affected by the antecedents. A third contribution is a greater understanding of ways to manage human resources in HSOs through the lever of leadership style.
Environmentally responsible management of MNE subsidiaries: stakeholder perspective
Authors: Choi Jiyul , Il Park Byung 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to empirically analyze the extent of the impact stakeholders' pressure has as a determinant of multinational enterprises' MNEs' local environmentally responsible management (ERM), aiming to contribute to the interlocution with stakeholders and ERM strategy establishment of MNE subsidiaries.

Design/methodology/approach
– To identify key stakeholders, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis was used. The data were collected from 300 foreign subsidiaries established by Korean MNEs from August to December 2012.

Findings
– The results show the parent company (as a major internal stakeholder) and government, NGOs and media (as external stakeholders) are major factors that promote ERM by subsidiaries. Stakeholder theory provides a comprehensive understanding about stakeholders' pressure as a force to engage overseas subsidiaries with environmental responsibility.

Originality/value
– The research contributes to environmental and international business literature by investigating antecedents of ERM of overseas subsidiaries. A stakeholder perspective is used as an overarching theory in order to develop an ERM framework.
Environmentally responsible management in international business: a literature review
Authors: H. Cave Adam 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– This paper sets out to identify and categorize existing academic literature using the CSA/FSA matrix as it relates to environmentally responsible management in an international business context. It further identifies current trends and potential future research avenues.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper undertook an examination of the literature as it pertains to international business activities of multinational enterprises (MNE) and environmentally responsible management (ERM) practices. In keeping with the focus of this review, only articles that discussed ERM in an international or multinational setting were considered, meaning that research focused on practices in only one country was not included.

Findings
– Some general themes were found in the literature regarding ERM activity and development in an international business context. One overriding theme is the relationship between the strategies, organization, goals and values of MNEs on the one hand versus the conditions and natures of host countries on the other. The CSA/FSA matrix uncovered a significant lack in FSA based research suggesting a focus for future research.

Originality/value
– The paper provides a thorough review of existing literature and supplements future research by categorizing major areas of focus and methodologies. This review generates significant building blocks for future research avenues and paths to be discovered through the use of the CSA/FSA matrix and the interaction between the factors.
Management education: obsolete by default?
Authors: F. Marques Joan 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– Business Schools have received much criticism up to, and definitely after, the most recent economic meltdown. Management education in particular, whether at the undergraduate or graduate level, has come under scrutiny, and the pressure is on to make management education more aligned with contemporary workforce needs. This paper aims to review the validity of this demand, and offer some options to prepare current students for the volatile work environment that awaits them.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is based on the author's experiences as a management educator, and her observations of the changed nature of management, hence, the changed needs to educate this phenomenon.

Findings
– Reflections are offered on what is perceived as possible ways for management educators to prepare future workforce members for management in a rapidly changing work environment. This is presented in a unifying, three-tier approach: 1. Connection: Establishing interaction with current workforce members and situations. 2. Completion: Ensuring a well-rounded approach by including interdisciplinary elements in our education. 3. Comprehension: Instilling the eagerness to become lifelong learners. In addition, the changed nature of work and the inability to optimally prepare future workforce members for jobs and careers that yet have to come into existence are underscored.

Originality/value
– The paper presents an overview of alternative facilitative approaches and insights based on in-depth review of-, and extensive engagement in management education.
A learning approach to the ethical organization
Authors: E. Smith George , J. Barnes Kathleen , Harris Claudia 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– This review explores the parallels between the characteristics of learning organizations and the characteristics of ethical organizations.Design/methodology/approach– A review of the literature was conducted to examine the characteristics of learning organizations and those that encourage and support ethical behavior.Findings– There are significant parallels between the characteristics of learning organizations and those of ethical organizations. These include leadership, culture, communication, systems thinking, and problem-solving orientation, which are important in creating learning organizations and in encouraging ethical behavior. These parallels encourage social network stimulation, acceptance of new ideas, open discussion, the ability to disagree without rancor, a lessening of hierarchy, employees seeing themselves as part of a larger whole. All of these elements create an environment wherein organizational members are able to contend with and resolve ethical problems.Practical implications– When endeavoring to foster an ethical organizational environment, managers can be aware of the benefits of creating a learning organization, as the two correspond closely. Additionally, managers in learning organizations can leverage this capacity to enhance ethical decision making and behavior.Originality/value– Research on learning organizations has often centered on their value in encouraging innovation and on strategies for implementing the changes needed to establish them. This paper identifies and discusses the parallels between the characteristics of learning organizations and ethical organizations. This is an area that has not been directly explored in the extant literature.
Reflections on archaeology, poverty and tourism in the Bolivian Amazon
Authors: H. Walker John 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to argue that one of the ways of enabling tourism to become sustainable is for archaeologists to relate archaeology to poverty, while being aware of the process of heritage production. It proposes that one way to engage with issues of poverty is to talk to people who are trying to get out of poverty. Many archaeologists are already at work using a similar perspective not just to integrate international scholarship with local interests, but to hand over authority relating to aspects of research to the local community.Design/methodology/approach– This paper reviews literature about and archaeological study in the Bolivian Amazon region. Here, all-weather roads are scarce and unreliable. Scholars are beginning to document and analyze the archaeological record of this region, and as lowland Bolivians develop tourism, the article considers how archaeology could help connect the Bolivian Amazon to an international audience.Findings– An anthropological perspective suggests that projects in which local people are connected to decision-making will have long-term effects. Without such integration, cycles of boom and bust are likely to repeat. The article cites two examples: the inscription of the Ichapekene Piesta Moxos on the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, and the Museo Yacuma, in Santa Ana del Yacuma. Community archaeology, in which the community makes decisions about how research will proceed, is a developing trend, which stands to benefit local people, archaeologists and tourists.Originality/value– The paper outlines how community archaeology in the Beni region of Bolivia can be built on a strong foundation: first, by a community of Benianos that are ready, willing and able to be a part of both the development of tourism and of archaeology and second, via its long and varied archaeological record, providing plenty of material for the development of heritage. The question is whether a community archaeology can generate and sustain archaeological heritage as part of a tourism industry?
αB‐Crystallin R120G variant causes cardiac arrhythmias and alterations in the expression of Ca2+‐handling proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice
Authors: Jiao Qibin , Sanbe Atsushi , Zhang Xingwei , Liu Jun‐Ping , Minamisawa Susumu 
Published: May 2014

SummaryMutations of αB‐crystallin (CryαB), a small heat shock protein abundantly expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscles, are known to cause desmin‐related myopathies. The CryαB R120G allele has been linked to a familial desminopathy and, in transgenic mice, causes a sudden death at about 28 weeks of age. To investigate the mechanisms of the sudden cardiac arrest of CryαB R120G transgenic mice, we prepared protein samples from left ventricular tissues of two different age groups (10 and 28 weeks) and examined Ca2+‐handling proteins. Expression of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) 2, phospholamban, ryanodine receptor 2 and calsequestrin 2 was significantly decreased in 28‐ versus 10‐week‐old CryαB R120G transgenic mice. In addition, low heart rate variability, including heart rate, total power and low frequency, was observed and continuous electrocardiogram monitoring revealed cardiac arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia, atrioventricular block and atrial flutter, in 28‐week‐old CryαB R120G transgenic mice. In contrast, expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) degradation enhancing α‐mannosidase‐like protein, inositol requirement 1 and X‐box binding protein 1 were increased significantly in 28‐ versus 10‐week‐old CryαBR120G transgenic mice, suggesting that the CryαBR120G transgenic mice exhibit increased ER stress compared with wild‐type mice. Together, the data suggest that the CryαB R120G dominant variant induces ER stress and impairs Ca2+ regulation, leading to ageing‐related cardiac dysfunction, arrhythmias and decreased autonomic tone with shortened lifespan.
Temperature impacts differentially on the methanogenic food web of cellulose‐supplemented peatland soil
Authors: Schmidt Oliver , Horn Marcus A. , Kolb Steffen , Drake Harold L. 
Published: May 2014

SummaryThe impact of temperature on the largely unresolved intermediary ecosystem metabolism and associated unknown microbiota that link cellulose degradation and methane production in soils of a moderately acidic (pH 4.5) fen was investigated. Supplemental [13C]cellulose stimulated the accumulation of propionate, acetate and carbon dioxide as well as initial methane production in anoxic peat soil slurries at 15°C and 5°C. Accumulation of organic acids at 15°C was twice as fast as that at 5°C. 16S rRNA [13C]cellulose stable isotope probing identified novel unclassified Bacteria (79% identity to the next cultured relative Fibrobacter succinogenes), unclassified Bacteroidetes (89% identity to Prolixibacter bellariivorans), Porphyromonadaceae, Acidobacteriaceae and Ruminococcaceae as main anaerobic degraders of cellulose‐derived carbon at both 15°C and 5°C. Holophagaceae and Spirochaetaceae were more abundant at 15°C. Clostridiaceae dominated the degradation of cellulose‐derived carbon only at 5°C. Methanosarcina was the dominant methanogenic taxa at both 15°C and 5°C. Relative abundance of Methanocella increased at 15°C whereas that of Methanoregula and Methanosaeta increased at 5°C. Thaumarchaeota closely related to Nitrosotalea (presently not known to grow anaerobically) were abundant at 5°C but absent at 15°C indicating that Nitrosotalea sp. might be capable of anaerobic growth at low temperatures in peat.
Development of genomic resources for Nothofagus species using next‐generation sequencing data
Authors: El Mujtar V. A. , Gallo L. A. , Lang T. , Garnier‐Géré P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractUsing next‐generation sequencing, we developed the first whole‐genome resources for two hybridizing Nothofagus species of the Patagonian forests that crucially lack genomic data, despite their ecological and industrial value. A de novo assembly strategy combining base quality control and optimization of the putative chloroplast gene map yielded ~32 000 contigs from 43% of the reads produced. With 12.5% of assembled reads, we covered ~96% of the chloroplast genome and ~70% of the mitochondrial gene content, providing functional and structural annotations for 112 and 52 genes, respectively. Functional annotation was possible on 15% of the contigs, with ~1750 potentially novel nuclear genes identified for Nothofagus species. We estimated that the new resources (13.41 Mb in total) included ~4000 gene regions representing ~6.5% of the expected genic partition of the genome, the remaining contigs potentially being nongenic DNA. A high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphisms resource was developed by comparing various filtering methods, and preliminary results indicate a strong conservation of cpDNA genomes in contrast to numerous exclusive nuclear polymorphisms in both species. Finally, we characterized 2274 potential simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci, designed primers for 769 of them and validated nine of 29 loci in 42 individuals per species. Nothofagus obliqua had more alleles (4.89) on average than N. nervosa (2.89), 8 SSRs were efficient to discriminate species, and three were successfully transferred in three other Nothofagus species. These resources will greatly help for future inferences of demographic, adaptive and hybridizing events in Nothofagus species, and for conserving and managing natural populations.
Basophil response to peanut allergens in Mediterranean peanut‐allergic patients
Authors: Mayorga C. , Gomez F. , Aranda A. , Koppelman S. J. , Diaz‐Perales A. , Blanca‐López N. , Blazquez A. B. , Blanca M. , Torres M. J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAra h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 3 are important sensitizers in peanut allergy. Ara h 9 has also been shown to be relevant in the Mediterranean area. We evaluated the basophil response to peanut allergens and Pru p 3 in Mediterranean patients: Group 1, peanut and peach allergy; Group 2, peanut allergy and tolerance to peach; Group 3, peach allergy and tolerance to peanut; Group 4, nonallergic subjects that tolerate both peanut and peach. Compared to controls (Group 4), there was an increased basophil activation with Ara h 2 (P = 0.031) and Pru p 3 (P = 0.009) in Group 1 and with Ara h 1 (P = 0.016), Ara h 2 (P = 0.001), and Ara h 9 (P = 0.016) in Group 2. Importantly, only Ara h 2 showed an increased activation (P = 0.009) in Group 2 compared to Group 3. Ara h 2 is the best discriminating allergen for peanut allergy diagnosis in a Mediterranean population showing two patterns: patients also allergic to peach, responding to Ara h 2 and Pru p 3, and patients allergic only to peanut, responding to Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 9.
Impact of right‐handedness on anaesthetic sensitivity, intra‐operative awareness and postoperative mortality
Authors: Rao S. , Huverserian A. R. , Ben Abdallah A. , Lees K. , Willingham M. D. , Burnside B. A. , Villafranca A. J. , Glick D. B. , Jacobsohn E. , Avidan M. S. 
Published: May 2014

SummaryAnatomical, neurological and behavioural research has suggested differences between the brains of right‐ and non‐right‐handed individuals, including differences in brain structure, electroencephalogram patterns, explicit memory and sleep architecture. Some studies have also found decreased longevity in left‐handed individuals. We therefore aimed to determine whether handedness independently affects the relationship between volatile anaesthetic concentration and the bispectral index, the incidence of definite or possible intra‐operative awareness with explicit recall, or postoperative mortality. We studied 5585 patients in this secondary analysis of data collected in a multicentre clinical trial. There were 4992 (89.4%) right‐handed and 593 (10.6%) non‐right‐handed patients. Handedness was not associated with (a) an alteration in anaesthetic sensitivity in terms of the relationship between the bispectral index and volatile anaesthetic concentration (estimated effect on the regression relationship −0.52 parallel shift; 95% CI −1.27 to 0.23, p = 0.17); (b) the incidence of intra‐operative awareness with 26/4992 (0.52%) right‐handed vs 1/593 (0.17%) non‐right‐handed (difference = 0.35%; 95% CI −0.45 to 0.63%; p = 0.35); or (c) postoperative mortality rates (90‐day relative risk for non‐right‐handedness 1.19, 95% CI 0.76–1.86; p = 0.45). Thus, no change in anaesthetic management is indicated for non‐right‐handed patients.
Early experience and operative technique of robotic‐assisted partial nephrectomy
Authors: Kucharczyk John R. , Basto Marnique , Landau Adam , Graves Reid , Everaerts Wouter , Birch Emma , Murphy Declan , Moon Daniel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe adoption of robotic‐assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is increasing in Australia; however, to date no Australian RAPN series has been reported. This paper describes a single‐surgeon initial experience with RAPN and evaluates perioperative, pathological and oncological outcomes.MethodsData on the first 50 consecutive patients to undergo RAPN by a single surgeon were reviewed. Demographic, perioperative, tumour characteristics and Clavien complications were collected in addition to oncological follow‐up and renal function monitoring.ResultsMean age was 58.2 ± 10.4 years, body mass index was 28.8 ± 4.5 kg/m2 and Charlson Co‐morbidity Index was 4.6 ± 1.2. Tumour diameter was 31 ± 13 mm and RENAL score was 6.8 ± 1.5. Average total operative time was 151 ± 32.7 min, estimated blood loss was 171.1 ± 185.8 mL, warm ischaemia time was 17.8 ± 6.7 min and length of hospital stay was 3 ± 0.9 days. There were seven Clavien complications and no deaths. Estimated glomerular filtration rate did not decrease significantly post‐operatively (P = 0.8); and there was 14.6% upstaging of chronic kidney disease scoring although no patient required dialysis. There were no positive malignant surgical margins, and to date no patient has evidence of disease recurrence. Of 50 patients, 54% had a minimum follow‐up of 6 months and 28% had a minimum follow‐up of 1 year.ConclusionWe report the largest RAPN study in Australia or New Zealand to date. Initial results suggest that RAPN can be safely introduced into the Australian public and private health systems, and has been effective in oncologic control and renal function preservation.
Initial oxygen saturation values can predict the need to hospitalise children with mild wheezing
Authors: Pruikkonen H , Uhari M , Dunder T , Pokka T , Renko M 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAimMild wheezing during respiratory infections is a common cause of paediatric hospital admissions. This study aimed to identify factors predicting this condition in children over six months of age.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 539 children, aged 6 months to 16 years, who visited the emergency department because of wheezing during respiratory infection. Mild disease was defined as hospital stays of less than 48 h and severe disease was staying at least 48 h or being treated in intensive care. Patients with an initial oxygen saturation value (SaO2) below 90% were analysed separately.ResultsMost (87%) of the 539 patients had mild disease, 6% had a severe disease and 7% had an initial SaO2 below 90%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the initial SaO2 predicting mild disease was 0.75 (95% CI 0.53–0.97), and the optimal cut‐off value was 93%. An initial SaO2 >93% had a negative predictive value of 93%. Although 270 patients (50%) were hospitalised, only 140 (26%) would have been admitted using an optimal cut‐off of SaO2 ≤93%.ConclusionAn initial SaO2 >93% reflects a mild course of acute wheezing and using this cut‐off point could have almost halved hospital admissions.