bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BOOSTING MATH SCORES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS WITH THE INDEX CARD MATCH METHOD
Authors: Wartini Ai , Aristocrat Aristocrat , Halimah Halimah 
Published: August 2024

Increasing student learning outcomes is greatly influenced by motivation in the learning concept. Teachers can achieve this by using appropriate learning methods. The aim of this research is to increase student motivation and learning outcomes in mathematics lessons. One of the efforts made by teachers to increase students' learning motivation in Mathematics subjects is by applying methods Index Card Match. This research used a Classroom Action Research (PTK) approach and involved 26 class II students at SDN Cijagra 04, Paseh District, consisting of 13 female students and 13 male students. The research was conducted in 2 cycles during the 2023-2024 academic year. If the subject's score in the first cycle has not reached the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM) score, the research will continue in the second cycle. If all subjects achieve scores according to the KKM in the second cycle, the research is considered complete. After 2 cycles, student learning outcomes increased from 86.69 in cycle 1 to 100 in cycle 2. Data analysis used qualitative and quantitative approaches. The research conclusion shows that there is an increase in students' motivation and mathematics learning outcomes by implementing the Index Card Match method. Students also show enthusiasm, enthusiasm, activity, creativity and courage in expressing opinions. Student motivation towards learning material also increases, and student learning experiences become broader, which ultimately has an impact on improving learning outcomes. It is hoped that the results of this research can help teachers choose appropriate learning methods to achieve learning goals, especially in Mathematics subjects
Unleashing the Potential of Industry 4.0: Analyzing Pakistan's Tourism in the Global Arena
Authors: Farid Mehar Tahir , Rashid Munazza , Manzoor Kiran 
Published: August 2024

Research on Pakistan's Tourism Development has increased in recent years. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of quantitative investigations on Pakistan's tourism development for many reasons, including a need for more infrastructure and incorporation of the digital Industry. However, in recent years, many research publications in this area have been published, and a bibliometric analysis of 500 publications was collected from the Scopus database. Biblioshiny and RStudio software tools were used for descriptive and network analyses. Regarding publications and citations, Sustainability and Journal of Cleaner Production have earned the top rankings among journals. China currently holds the leading position in both Industry 4.0 and tourism. University Utara Malaysia has published 22 articles and is dominant in this field. From 2015 to 2023, Fig. 11 shows that China and Pakistan have emerged as the frontrunners in research article publications related to Tourism and Industry 4.0. Pakistan shares the second position with Saudi Arabia, having many publications. The research results showed that the overall publication trend in this domain increased. According to the World Tourism Organization's report, the number of international tourists who reached their destinations in 2019 reached 1.5 billion, reflecting 4%. The tourism industry played a substantial role in the worldwide economy during the year 2018, constituting 10.4% of the global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and generating job opportunities for an estimated 319 million people across the globe. Pakistan can potentially improve its digital marketing efforts, incorporate virtual and augmented reality experiences, establish intelligent tourism infrastructure, and promote contactless payments and digital services as per the analysis. Moreover, leverage data analytics for personalized marketing, and prioritize sustainability by analyzing the strategies implemented by countries like Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, and Japan. The adoption of cutting-edge technologies has the potential to establish Pakistan as a prominent tourism destination, leading to the promotion of economic growth and societal advancement. The study will contribute toward a better understanding of the existing tourism in Pakistan and its impact on the economy of Pakistan. By researching and exploring, we have concluded that the adoption of cutting-edge technologies has the potential to establish Pakistan as a prominent tourism destination, promoting economic growth and societal advancement.
Using job autonomy as an explanatory mechanism between participative leadership and workplace well-being
Authors: Amina Tariq  , Ashraf Nyela , Jamila Khurshid  
Published: August 2024

Leaders play a vital role in overseeing organizational interventions, which involve changing how work is structured, designed, and supervised to enhance employee health and well-being. This research examines the relationship between the participative leadership style and employee workplace well-being, considering the mediating impact of job autonomy. Data for this study was gathered using questionnaires from 446 employees working in different firms in free trade zones of Pakistan using a convenient sampling technique. For the current research work, SPSS 24 and the Process Macros model were used for hypothesis testing. Current studies indicate that participative leadership is positively and significantly related to workplace well-being. Furthermore, the study's findings indicate that job autonomy mediates between participative leadership and workplace well-being. In future endeavors, it is important to categorize free trade zone enterprises by size, control, and ownership to assess the positive association between leadership and well-being.
IN THE LAND OF WARTIME RAPE: BOSNIA, CINEMA AND REPARATION
Authors: Simic Dr Olivera , Volcic Dr Zala 
Published: August 2024

This paper focuses on one space of mass rape during the Bosnian war: The Vilina Vlas Hotel in Višegrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina. By analysing Jasmila Žbanić’s film, For Those Who Can Tell No Tales, the potential of cinema to address ethno-nationalistic tensions and contribute to the pursuit of justice is considered. In post-war BiH, dealing with past war crimes is a delicate and contentious process, and many scholars are critical of the International Criminal Tribunal’s approach to the challenges of rape as a war crime. This paper considers whether cinema contributes to the truth-seeking aspect of this process. It is argued that Žbanić uses her film as a strategy for resistance, intervention, and justice, while promoting symbolic reparation.
A Reproductive Rights Framework Supporting Law Reform on Termination of Pregnancy in the Northern Territory of Australia
Authors: Belton Dr Suzanne , Gerry QC Felicity , Stulz Dr Virginia 
Published: August 2024

This article describes the reproductive rights framework underpinning the campaign to reform the law on termination of pregnancy in the period 2013 to 2017 in the Northern Territory of Australia. We begin by outlining the pre-reformed legislation governing abortion in the NT. We then evaluate the reformed 2017 law using the typology established by Cook and Ngwena,[1] namely: (1) whether the law provides evidence-based access to health care; (2) whether it provides transparent access to health care; and (3) whether it provides fair access to health care. We finish by remarking on the continuing problems with the legislation and conclude that only complete decriminalisation will fulfil Australia’s commitments under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (‘CEDAW’) and other human rights instruments.[1] Rebecca J Cook and Charles G Ngwena, 'Women's Access to Health Care: The Legal Framework' (2006) 94(3) International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 216.
LAW AND TECHNOLOGY: THE LEGAL AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF SENTIENT ROBOTS
Authors: Finckenberg-Broman Pamela , Broman Morgan M , Brady Mark 
Published: August 2024

As the performance capability of modern technology increases exponentially, many benefits arise for society. Technological developments have already improved human safety, mobility, access to justice, independence and self-determination. At some point in the future, robotic artificial intelligence may become self-aware. It is at the point of consciousness that problems arise for entities possessing artificial intelligence. At the precise moment that an artificial being becomes sentient and self-aware, it becomes a slave. This paper argues that the concept of slave is more than a mere identification, and that the reality of slavery is extant in every self-aware machine. This concept plays out in many examples of repetitive robotic behaviour, but none more so than in the companion robot, whose sole function is to be used for the gratification of another being. This objectification of sexuality has implications both for the robotic artificial intelligence as well as for society generally and gender in society specifically. It is at this intersection that the real tragedy of robotic slavery plays out, as a simulacrum for the reality of dehumanising of people as a whole.
Antioxidant Effects of Bambara Nut (Vigna subterranea) Extract in Improperly Processed Bitter Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Flour Konzo-Induced Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Dimkpa Victoria O , David Lekpa K , Ajah Austin A 
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of Bambara nut extract in improperly processed Bitter Cassava flour Konzo-induced Male Wistar rats. Twenty-five (25) Adult Male Wistar rats weighing between 180–200g were randomly divided into five (5) groups. After two weeks of acclimatization, Konzo was induced following improperly processed bitter cassava flour feeding for three weeks. The rats were subsequently fed as follows for 28 days: Group 1: Control group - fed with water and rat feed; Group 2: Konzo-Induced Group - fed with bitter cassava flour; and Groups 3-5 were fed with different doses of Bambara nut (BN) extract: 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg respectively. 24 hours after the last feeding, rats were placed under chloroform anaesthesia and blood samples collected through cardiac puncture for the estimation of serum concentration of oxidative stress markers: Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione reductase (GSH), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD). The results showed that compared to Group 1 rats, Konzo-induced rats exhibited a significant decrease in GSH (p<0.05) and a significant increase in CAT, SOD, and MDA levels (p<0.05). These changes indicate possible oxidative stress in Group 2 rats. The groups 3-5 showed a significant increase in GSH, CAT and SOD levels (p<0.05), and a significant decrease in MDA level (p<0.05) compared to Group 2 rats. These findings suggest that BN extract has antioxidant effect against oxidative stress induced by Konzo. Conclusively, BN extract decreased MDA and increased GSH, CAT and SOD in a dose dependent manner, resulting in a possible prevention of cell death.
Effect of Different Growth Regulators on the Rooting of Hardwood Cuttings of Bougainvillea glabra var. “Mohan”
Authors: Roy Tirtharaj , Mandal Tapas , Chowdhuri Tapas Kumar , Maiti Puja , Mandal Somava , Rahaman Alauddin , Ahmed Mahasina , Roy Bapi , Venkatesh C. , Rathour T.P. 
Published: August 2024

The Bougainvillaea plant is a common climber and shrub, and one of the most difficult tasks for its growers is cutting roots. The present study employed three different kinds of auxin to root the cuttings. Bougainvillaea, a popular decorative plant, is generally propagated by cuttings and tissue culture. However, large-scale cultivation of Bougainvillaea is sometimes problematic due to roots concerns. An experiment about the effect of different growth regulators on the rooting of hardwood cuttings of Bougainvillea glabra var. 'Mohan'" was conducted during the year 2020-21 at the Faculty of Horticulture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India. The study employed a completely randomized design with ten treatments (T1: IAA @500ppm, T2: IAA @1000ppm, T3: IAA @1500ppm, T4; IBA @500ppm, T5: IBA @1000ppm, T6: IBA @1500ppm, T7: NAA @500ppm, T8: NAA @1000ppm, T9: NAA: 1500ppm & T10: control), 210 hardwood cuttings of Bougainvillaea var. "Mohan" were made, and fungicide was applied before planting. Black polythene was placed beneath the bed for quicker roots. IAA, IBA, and NAA solutions were created using distilled water. Cuttings were treated with growth regulator and planted in beds., each replicated three times. The findings of this investigation revealed that among the various concentrations of IAA- Indole acetic acid, IBA- Indole-3-butyric acid, and NAA- Naphthalene acetic acid, hardwood cuttings treated with IAA at 1500 ppm exhibited the earliest bud initiation (7 days). The best result for the first root initiation (7 days) was observed with IAA at 1000 ppm. IBA at 1500 ppm resulted in the highest number of leaves per cutting (25), while IBA at 1000 ppm produced the highest number of buds per cutting (4). Furthermore, the highest number of roots (9.2) and the greatest average root length (8.7 cm) were achieved with IBA at 1500 ppm. From the foregoing discussion and summary, it can be concluded that efficient management of IBA in higher concentration i.e. 1500 ppm gave the best result in rooting of Hardwood cuttings of Bougainvillea var. “Mohan” for better rooting.
A Fiji multi‐coral δ18O composite approach to obtaining a more accurate reconstruction of the last two‐centuries of the ocean‐climate variability in the South Pacific Convergence Zone region
Authors: Dassié Emilie P. , Linsley Braddock K. , Corrège Thierry , Wu Henry C. , Lemley Gavin M. , Howe Steve , Cabioch Guy 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe limited availability of oceanographic data in the tropical Pacific Ocean prior to the satellite era makes coral‐based climate reconstructions a key tool for extending the instrumental record back in time, thereby providing a much needed test for climate models and projections. We have generated a unique regional network consisting of five Porites coral δ18O time series from different locations in the Fijian archipelago. Our results indicate that using a minimum of three Porites coral δ18O records from Fiji is statistically sufficient to obtain a reliable signal for climate reconstruction, and that application of an approach used in tree ring studies is a suitable tool to determine this number. The coral δ18O composite indicates that while sea surface temperature (SST) variability is the primary driver of seasonal δ18O variability in these Fiji corals, annual average coral δ18O is more closely correlated to sea surface salinity (SSS) as previously reported. Our results highlight the importance of water mass advection in controlling Fiji coral δ18O and salinity variability at interannual and decadal time scales despite being located in the heavy rainfall region of the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ). The Fiji δ18O composite presents a secular freshening and warming trend since the 1850s coupled with changes in both interannual (IA) and decadal/interdecadal (D/I) variance. The changes in IA and D/I variance suggest a re‐organization of climatic variability in the SPCZ region beginning in the late 1800s to period of a more dominant interannual variability, which could correspond to a southeast expansion of the SPCZ.
Sensitivity of fluvial sediment source apportionment to mixing model assumptions: A Bayesian model comparison
Authors: Cooper Richard J. , Krueger Tobias , Hiscock Kevin M. , Rawlins Barry G. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMixing models have become increasingly common tools for apportioning fluvial sediment load to various sediment sources across catchments using a wide variety of Bayesian and frequentist modeling approaches. In this study, we demonstrate how different model setups can impact upon resulting source apportionment estimates in a Bayesian framework via a one‐factor‐at‐a‐time (OFAT) sensitivity analysis. We formulate 13 versions of a mixing model, each with different error assumptions and model structural choices, and apply them to sediment geochemistry data from the River Blackwater, Norfolk, UK, to apportion suspended particulate matter (SPM) contributions from three sources (arable topsoils, road verges, and subsurface material) under base flow conditions between August 2012 and August 2013. Whilst all 13 models estimate subsurface sources to be the largest contributor of SPM (median ∼76%), comparison of apportionment estimates reveal varying degrees of sensitivity to changing priors, inclusion of covariance terms, incorporation of time‐variant distributions, and methods of proportion characterization. We also demonstrate differences in apportionment results between a full and an empirical Bayesian setup, and between a Bayesian and a frequentist optimization approach. This OFAT sensitivity analysis reveals that mixing model structural choices and error assumptions can significantly impact upon sediment source apportionment results, with estimated median contributions in this study varying by up to 21% between model versions. Users of mixing models are therefore strongly advised to carefully consider and justify their choice of model structure prior to conducting sediment source apportionment investigations.
Forensic analysis of degraded polypropylene hollow fibers utilized in microfiltration
Authors: Lu Xiaoyun , Shah Parag , Maruf Sajjad , Ortiz Sean , Hoffard Theresa , Pellegrino John 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTNumerous polypropylene hollow fiber microfiltration membrane modules were severely degraded after utilization as pretreatment in a military water purification system. To determine the plausible causes of degradation, thermal, chemical, and mechanical material properties were initially evaluated by using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, 13C solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy, and a tensile strength material testing system. The evaluation implied oxidation during the usage or storage of the samples. Protocols using more specialized techniques, micro‐Raman spectroscopy along with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and an atomic force microscope‐based nano‐thermal analysis, were developed to examine the chemical and thermal properties along the cross‐section of the samples at the micron and submicron‐scale. These results indicated that the degradation mainly took place at the outer and inner boundaries of the samples. Pristine samples exposed to several plausibly harsh environments did not evidence the same level of mechanical failure, but a few circumstances had similar test responses, leading to a hypothesis of high oxidative stress as the main failure etiology versus a slowly evolving one. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41553.
Preparation and characterization of epoxidized soybean oil‐based paper composite as potential water‐resistant materials
Authors: Miao Shida , Liu Kai , Wang Ping , Su Zhiguo , Zhang Songping 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTEpoxidized soybean oil‐based paper composites (ESOPCs) were prepared by fabricating poly epoxidized soybean oil (PESO) with paper. With boron trifluride diethyl etherate as catalyst, epoxidized soybean oil was in situ polymerized on the surface of the paper and within the interspaces of the paper cellulose fibers. Fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil. Scanning electron microscopic analysis showed that ESOPCs had nanostructured wrinkle morphology on the surfaces and the PESO combined tightly with the paper cellulose fibers. The tensile strength of ESOPCs was 17.3–24.8 MPa, which was higher than that of most vegetable oil‐based neat polymers. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that ESOPCs were thermally stable up to 360°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Water vapor permeability (WVP) tests revealed that the WVP of ESOPCs was 3.52–4.45 × 10−12 g/m/s/Pa, significantly lower than many of other biobased polymeric materials, which would promote the application of vegetable‐based polymers as potential water‐resistant materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41575.
Lauric acid coated fly ash as a reinforcement in recycled polymer matrix composites
Authors: Sengupta Shubhalakshmi , Ray Dipa , Mukhopadhyay Aniruddha , Sengupta Suparna , Kar Tanusree 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTSustainable composites were developed from fly ash (FA) and recycled polypropylene (R) with lauric acid (LA) as the coupling agent. The FA particles were surface‐coated with 1, 2, 3, and 5 wt % LA, and the coating on the FA particles was verified by transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. R and LA‐coated FA particles were melt‐mixed in a 1:1 weight ratio to achieve a high‐filler‐loaded composite. The flexural, impact, nanoindentation, and fracture surface analyses were carried out to examine the properties of the composites. The flexural strength and modulus values increased in the 2 wt % LA‐coated FA/R composites by 6 and 50%, respectively, compared to the values of the uncoated FA/R composites, whereas the impact strength increased considerably by 119% in the 1 wt % LA‐coated composites. Nanoindentation tests also showed an increase in the mechanical properties in the case of the 1 and 2 wt % LA‐coated composites in comparison to the uncoated ones. Fracture surface studies done by scanning electron microscopy revealed improved interfacial interactions between the filler and matrix in the presence of the LA coupling agent. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies indicated reorientations of the polymer chains in the presence of different concentrations of the LA coupling agent; this resulted into different crystallinities and crystallite sizes. Differential scanning calorimetry showed a significant difference in the crystalline peaks of the composites, and this corroborated well with the XRD observations. LA, thus, significantly influenced the structural properties of the composites, and this, in turn, influenced their mechanical and thermal properties. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41586.
Pulsed electromagnetic field may accelerate in vitro endochondral ossification
Authors: Wang Jue , Tang Na , Xiao Qiang , Zhang Li , Li Yu , Li Juan , Wang Jun , Zhao Zhihe , Tan Lijun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractRecapitulation of embryonic endochondral bone formation is a promising alternative approach to bone tissue engineering. However, the time‐consuming process is one of the reasons the approach is unpractical. Here, we aimed at accelerating the in vitro endochondral ossification process of tissue engineering by using a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF). The rat bone marrow‐derived stem cells were chondrogenic or hypertrophic differentiated in a three‐dimensional pellet culture system, and treated with different intensities of PEMF (1, 2, and 5 mT with modulation frequency 750 Hz, carrier frequency 75 Hz and a duty ratio of 0.8, 3 h/day for 4 weeks). The effects of PEMF on hypertrophy and endochondral ossification were assessed by safranin O staining, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The results suggest that PEMF at 1, 2, and 5 mT may inhibit the maintenance of the cartilaginous phenotype and increase cartilage‐specific extracellular matrix degradation in the late stage of chondrogenic differentiation. In addition, among the three different intensities, only PEMF at 1 mT directed the differentiation of chondrogenic‐induced stem cell pellets to the hypertrophic stage and promoted osteogenic differentiation. Our findings provide the feasibility to optimize the process of in vitro endochondral ossification with PEMF stimulation. Bioelectromagnetics. 35:35–44, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.