bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of spontaneous cardiac-locomotor coupling during daily activities in healthy adults
Authors: Rosato Aurora , Larsson Matilda , Rullman Eric , Dual Seraina A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionOne way to improve exercise performance and protect heart health is the extended synchronization of the stepping with the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle. Cardiac-locomotor coupling (CLC) happens when the step rate (SR) equals the heart rate (HR). The extent of CLC in daily life is unknown. This study aims to analyze spontaneous occurrences of CLC during daily activities.MethodsA retrospective analysis of daily life recordings from a wrist-worn sensor was undertaken (PMData, N = 16, 5 months duration). The deviation between HR and SR was used to define CLC (deviation ≤ 1%) and weak CLC (1%&lt; deviation ≤ 10%). The occurrence and the probability of CLC during everyday life were computed from the recordings. The CLC occurrences were stratified depending on the duration and intensity of the physical activity. Finally, a Monte Carlo simulation was run to evaluate the probability of random occurrences of CLC vs. the observed recordings.ResultsParticipants couple for 5% and weakly couple for 35% of the observational period. The ratio of 1:1 between HR and SR is the dominating occurrence across the study population and this overrepresentation is significant. CLC occurs mostly for long activities. The extent of CLC for various intensities of activity is subject-dependent. The results suggest that CLC is feasible for most people.ConclusionsCLC occurs spontaneously during unsupervised daily activity in everyone in our cohort, which suggests a mechanistic interaction between the cardiac and the locomotor systems. This interaction should be investigated for medical rehabilitation and sports applications in the future.
Impact of high-risk optic disc on central retinal vein occlusion in patients with metabolic disorders
Authors: Si Shancheng , Lin Jiateng , Guo Rong , Chen Anming , Ji Yicong 
Published: August 2024

PurposeTo evaluate the impact of high-risk optic disc (HROD) on central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in patients with metabolic disorder(s).DesignRetrospective case-control study.MethodsA case-control study involving CRVO patients with metabolic disorder(s) was performed. PART I. All eligible patients with CRVO were included in CRVO group, and a similar number of patients with metabolic disorder(s) without CRVO were matched by sex, age and blood glucose level in the non-CRVO group. Various parameters were compared between groups. The impact of risk factors associated with CRVO was presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). PART II. All eyes with CRVO that underwent intravitreal treatment (IVT) with a follow-up duration of ≥1 year were divided into non-HROD and HROD groups, and the differences between the two groups were compared.ResultsIn PART I, a total of 45 and 63 eyes were enrolled in the CRVO and non-CRVO groups, respectively, with a significant statistical difference in HROD (51.16% vs 26.98%, p = 0.010) between them. In further multivariate regression analysis, HROD was the independent risk factor for CRVO (OR = 5.036, 95% CI 1.847–13.729, p = 0.002). In PART II, demographic, follow-up information, treatment, and prognosis showed no significant statistical difference between the two groups (all p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionHROD was likely to be an independent risk factor for CRVO occurrence in patients with metabolic disorder(s), but it did not affect the treatment and prognosis of CRVO eyes with HROD.
The impact of health information echo chambers on older adults avoidance behavior: the mediating role of information fatigue and the moderating role of trait mindfulness
Authors: Zhong Fuxiu , Gu Chenyu 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIn the digital media era, the prevalence of algorithm-driven content push has intensified the health information echo chambers phenomenon, characterized by excessive homogenization and overload of information. This phenomenon may negatively impact the older adults, a “digitally vulnerable” group, by limiting their access to diverse health information and potentially inducing health information avoidance behaviors. However, the psychological mechanisms within this impact process remain unclear, and this study aims to explore them. Additionally, current study introduces trait mindfulness as a potential intervention tool in reducing health information avoidance behavior among the older adults.MethodsThis study constructs an impact model based on the Stress-Coping Theory and the Stress–Strain-Outcome (SSO) framework. It identifies health information similarity, relevance, and overload as characteristics of the echo chamber, constituting the Stress part; information fatigue as the Strain; and health information avoidance as the Outcome, with trait mindfulness serving as a moderating factor between Strain and Outcome. A cross-sectional survey of 236 older adults individuals aged 60 and above was conducted, and the collected data were analyzed using SmartPLS and SPSS.ResultsThe study found that health information similarity and overload significantly increased health information fatigue among the older adults, thereby promoting avoidance behavior, but no significant correlation was found between relevance and fatigue. While there was no significant correlation between trait mindfulness and health information fatigue, it effectively moderated the avoidance behavior induced by fatigue.ConclusionCurrent study reveals the impact of the health information echo chamber phenomenon on health information avoidance behavior among the older adults and the moderating role of trait mindfulness. It emphasizes the importance of breaking the health information echo chamber and promoting diverse information dissemination to improve the health information behavior of the older adults. Furthermore, the moderating role of trait mindfulness demonstrates positive intervention potential, providing the older adults with a psychological adjustment mechanism to accept and process health information with a more open attitude, thereby reducing unproductive avoidance behavior.
Stigmatization of patients with mental disorders: a comparative study of nurses in forensic psychiatry and inpatient settings
Authors: Kılıç-Demir Barış , Kızılpınar Selma Çilem 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundForensic psychiatric patients require specialized care due to the unique challenges in forensic settings. Negative attitudes and beliefs towards mentally disordered offenders can lead to discrimination against patients and are related to worse outcomes. Forensic psychiatric nurses play a crucial role in the treatment of these patients.AimThis study aimed to investigate the perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs of forensic psychiatric nurses and general medicine nurses towards psychiatric patients and to compare them between nurse groups.MethodThe study was conducted with 46 nurses working in the High-Security Forensic Psychiatry Clinic (Mean age: 35.46, SD= 7.16) and 58 nurses working in other inpatient settings (Mean age:36.28, SD=8.78) aged between 18-65 between December 2020 and April 2021 in Turkey. Nurses in the forensic psychiatry clinic were required to have at least 6 months of experience in the clinic.ResultsForensic psychiatric nurses exhibited more positive attitudes towards patients (p&lt;.0001), showing lower tendency to be socially distant (p=.009), higher trust (p&lt;.0001), higher willingness to treat (p&lt;.0001), lower tendency to perceive patients as threatening (p=.004), and more general positive attitudes. Significant relationships were found between some of the stigma-related scales we used and certain factors. For forensic nurses, being male (p=0.043) and single (p=,025), working long hours (p=.047), and having fewer children (p=.005) were related to more negative perceptions about delinquents. Insufficient knowledge about forensic psychiatry was linked to negative beliefs about mental disorders (p=0.017) and specifically the curability of mental disorders (p=0.008). Having more siblings was related to higher embarrassment about mental disorders (p=.043). For general nurses, having first-degree relatives who receive psychiatric treatment was related to perceiving patients as threatening (p=.021)) and negative perceptions about delinquents (p=.007). Being older was related to more positive beliefs about mental patients’ dangerousness (p=.026). Having more siblings was associated with higher trust toward patients (p=0.002).ConclusionsThese findings emphasize the importance of addressing stigmatization among healthcare professionals, particularly forensic psychiatry nurses and general nurses. Providing comprehensive training about mental disorders and forensic psychiatry and promoting empathy and understanding can enhance the quality of care for patients with mental illnesses and contribute to better mental health outcomes for society.
Exploring the experiences of Haitians/Haitian Americans in Miami-Dade County, Florida during the COVID-19 pandemic: how this community coped with the public health emergency
Authors: Sternberg Candice A. , Richard Danelle , Daniel Valerie E. , Chery Maurice J. , Beauvoir Maika , Marcelin Dora , Francois Aline , Titus Micaelle , Mann April , Alcaide Maria L. , Dale Sannisha K. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo explore and describe the experiences of Haitians/Haitian Americans in Miami-Dade County, Florida during the COVID-19 pandemic, including their attitudes and practices towards vaccination.DesignWe interviewed 15 community members and 15 stakeholders in the Haitian/Haitian American community in Miami-Dade County, Florida using a semi-structured interview guide. The qualitative interviews were conducted between February 4, 2021, and October 1, 2021. They were conducted in both English and Haitian Creole, audio recorded transcribed/translated, and coded using thematic content analysis.ResultsThe analyses revealed 9 major themes: (1) thoughts about the pandemic, (2) concerns about the COVID-19 vaccines, (3) healthcare access, February–October 2021, (4) intrapersonal relationship dynamics, (5) thoughts about individuals diagnosed with COVID-19, (6) thoughts about prevention measures (e.g., wearing masks, hand hygiene, social distancing, vaccination), (7) mental health struggles and coping, (8) food insecurity, and (9) overall experiences of the pandemic. The findings reveal that the COVID-19 public health emergency negatively affected Haitians/Haitian Americans across several domains, including employment, healthcare access, personal relationships, and food security.ConclusionThis research echoes the compounding negative experiences reported by multiple disadvantaged groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. From loss of employment to healthcare barriers, the pandemic forced many Haitians/Haitian Americans into greater economic and social instability. Interventions addressing these issues should recognize how these factors may interact and compound the experiences of this group. Health and public health agencies should work alongside community partners to build trust so that preventive efforts will be more readily accepted during public health emergencies.
Underweight, overweight, and weight change in older family caregivers and their care recipients: longitudinal evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Koponen Sohvi , Nykänen Irma , Savela Roosa-Maria , Välimäki Tarja , Suominen Anna Liisa , Schwab Ursula 
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to identify differences among body mass index (BMI) categories of older family caregivers (≥60 years) and their care recipients (≥65 years). Secondly, this study aimed to examine group differences and factors associated with weight change during a nutrition and oral health intervention. This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT04003493)) involved individually tailored nutritional guidance from a clinical nutritionist and oral health guidance from a dental hygienist. Baseline BMI differences were analyzed, followed by further analyses of group differences and associated factors of weight change over a 6-month period using generalized estimating equations. Among the participants (113 family caregivers and 107 care recipients), 36.3% and 35.1% were overweight (BMI &gt;29 kg/m2), while 18.6% and 21.6% were underweight (BMI &lt;24 kg/m2) at baseline, respectively. For family caregivers differences in BMI categories included age, mid-arm and calf circumferences, and plasma prealbumin concentration. For care recipients differences were observed in medication use, mid-arm and calf circumferences, Mini Nutritional Assessment scores, physical function, and number of teeth. During the 6-month intervention, there were no differences in weight change between intervention and control groups for both caregivers and care recipients. Factors significantly associated (p &lt; 0.05) with weight loss included female sex for both caregivers and care recipients, and frailty for caregivers. Family caregivers’ characteristics were not significantly associated with weight change in their care recipients. In conclusion, being overweight is a prevalent among older family caregivers and care recipients. Factors such as age, medication use, physical function, number of teeth, and Mini Nutritional Assessment scores varied across BMI categories. Female sex was associated with weight loss in both older family caregivers and care recipients, and frailty was associated with weight loss in caregivers. However, the characteristics of family caregivers did not explain the weight loss of their care recipients.Clinical Trial Registration: [https://www.ClinicalTrial.gov/], identifier [NCT04003493].
Optimal sway motion reduction in forestry cranes
Authors: Kowsari Elham , Ghabcheloo Reza 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe paper introduces a novel optimal feedforward controller for Hydraulic manipulators equipped with a passive grapple, addressing the issue of sway during and after movement. The controller is specifically applied to a forwarder machine used in forestry for log-loading tasks.MethodsThe controller is designed for smooth operation, low computational demands, and efficient sway damping. Customizable parameters allow adjustments to suit operator preferences. The implementation was carried out using the Amesim model of a forwarder.ResultsSimulation results indicate a significant reduction in sway motions, averaging a decrease of more than 60%. This performance was achieved without the need for additional sway-detection sensors, which simplifies the system design and reduces costs.DiscussionThe proposed method demonstrates versatility and broad applicability, offering a new framework for anti-sway controllers in various fields such as construction cranes, forestry vehicles, aerial drones, and other robotic manipulators with passive end-effectors. This adaptability could lead to significant advances in safety and efficiency.
Building local partnership through community parks in Central Tokyo: perspectives from different participants
Authors: Zong Min , Xu Guolin , Yanai Shigeto 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCities globally, including Tokyo, face challenges in managing small urban green spaces due to limited land, aging infrastructure, and rising maintenance costs. This study explores effective community engagement strategies for park revitalization as cities focus on improving existing green spaces rather than expanding them.MethodsThis research investigates community park revitalization in Toshima Ward, Tokyo, using a case study approach involving three parks. Data were collected through interviews with seven park management stakeholders and a survey of 176 residents. The study aimed to identify key factors for successful community participation, evaluate perceptions of engagement activities, and assess residents’ willingness to participate.ResultsKey factors for effective park revitalization include public buildings inside and outside the parks, sufficient greenery and open spaces, and local responsible persons. Despite these conditions, challenges such as high maintenance costs and low resident engagement persist. Among 176 respondents, 55 had participated in park events. Both genders noted increased use by parents and children and enhanced motivation to visit as significant impacts, with mean ratings of 4.36 and 4.37, respectively. Age differences were observed: respondents aged 18-39 emphasized increased use by parents and children (mean 4.75), while those aged 40-59 and over 60 valued motivation to visit (means 4.64 and 4.00). Long-term residents (over 10 years) reported lower impact ratings than newer residents, and larger families rated activities more positively than smaller or single-person households. Key issues included insufficient publicity (60%), restriction of normal use (20%), increased waste (14.5%), and noise (12.7%).DiscussionThe study highlights the need to address demographic differences in engagement preferences and barriers. Tailoring activities to diverse groups, including seniors and single-person households, can improve participation and effectiveness. These findings can guide localized park management strategies and foster more inclusive urban green space initiatives.
Does capital marketization promote better rural industrial integration: evidence from China
Authors: Ding Zhao , Fan Xinyi 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAlthough rural industrial integration is a crucial pathway for advancing the revitalization of rural economies, it continues to grapple with financial challenges. This paper delves into the theoretical underpinnings of how capital marketization influences rural industrial integration.MethodsUsing panel data from China’s provinces spanning the years 2010 to 2020, a comprehensive index of rural industrial integration is constructed from the vantage point of a new development paradigm. The paper employs the system GMM method to empirically investigate the impact of capital marketization on rural industrial integration and to dissect its transmission mechanisms. Additionally, a threshold regression model is applied to explore the specific patterns of the nonlinear relationship between the two variables.Results and discussionThe study’s findings reveal that the degree of rural industrial integration is significantly and positively influenced by its previous level, demonstrating an accumulative effect wherein the prior level of integration lays the groundwork for future advancements. The influence of capital marketization on the degree of rural industrial integration is characterized by a non-linear relationship, adhering to a “U-shaped” curve. Below the inflection point, the development of capital marketization is detrimental to rural industrial integration, whereas above this point, it exerts a positive influence. Currently, China’s overall level of capital marketization is positioned beyond the inflection point, indicating substantial potential for enhancing industry integration in rural China. In addition, the study indicates that at very low levels of economic development, capital marketization does not affect the development of rural industries. As the economic development level rises, so does the impact of capital marketization on rural industrial integration.
Safety and efficacy of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors in fetal growth restriction: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Ying , Un Ella Man-Wai , Bai Ying , Chan Man Keong , Zeng Luo Xin , Lei Sut Leng , Li Junjun , Ung Carolina Oi Lam 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with a higher risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as long-term health issues in newborns. Currently, there is no effective medicine for FGR. Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors have been shown in pre-clinical studies to improve FGR. This study aimed to evaluate the latest evidence about the clinical outcomes and safety of PDE-5 inhibitors for the management of FGR.Methods: Eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Database and WangFang Database) were searched for English and Chinese articles published from the database inception to December 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the use of PDE-5 inhibitors in FGR were included. The quality of the RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Odds ratio and mean difference (MD) (95% confidence intervals) were pooled for meta-analysis.Results: From 253 retrieved publications, 16 studies involving 1,492 pregnant women met the inclusion criteria. Only sildenafil (15 RCTs) and tadalafil (1 RCT) were studied for FGR. Compared with the control group (placebo, no treatment, or other medication therapies), sildenafil increased birth weight, pregnancy prolongation and umbilical artery pulsatility indices. However, it also increased the risk of pulmonary hypertension in newborns, as well as headache and flushing/rash in mothers. There were no significant differences in gestation age, perinatal mortality or major neonatal morbidity, stillbirth, neonate death, infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit, intraventricular hemorrhage and necrotizing enterocolitis in infants, as well as pregnancy hypertension and gastrointestinal side effects in mothers between the treatment and the control groups.Discussion: Sildenafil was the most investigated PDE-5 inhibitors for FGR. Current evidence suggests that sildenafil can improve birth weight and duration of pregnancy but at the same time increase the risk of neonatal pulmonary hypertension. It remains uncertain whether the benefits of sildenafil in FGR outweigh the risks and further high-quality RCTs are warranted.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=325909
Sex Differences in the Energy System Contribution during Sprint Exercise in Speed-Power and Endurance Athletes
Authors: Archacki Damian , Zieliński Jacek , Ciekot-Sołtysiak Monika , Zarębska Ewa Anna , Kusy Krzysztof 
Published: August 2024

Background/Objectives: A high level of specific metabolic capacity is essential for maximal sprinting in both male and female athletes. Various factors dictate sex differences in maximal power production and energy utilization. This study aims to compare the contribution of energy systems between male and female athletes with similar sport-specific physiological adaptations during a 15-s sprint exercise. Methods: The endurance group consisted of 17 males (23 ± 7 y) and 17 females (20 ± 2 y). The speed-power group included 14 males (21.1 ± 2.6 y) and 14 females (20 ± 3 y). The contribution of phosphagen, glycolytic, and aerobic systems was determined using the three-component PCr-LA-O2 method. Results: Significant differences were observed in the energy expenditure for all systems and total energy expenditure between males and females in both groups (p = 0.001–0.013). The energy expenditure in kJ for individual systems (phosphagen–glycolytic–aerobic) was 35:25:7 vs. 20:16:5 in endurance males vs. female athletes, respectively. In the speed-power group, male athletes expended 33:37:6 kJ and female athletes expended 21:25:4 kJ, respectively. The percentage proportions did not differ between males and females in any system. The contribution of the phosphagen–glycolytic–aerobic systems was 52:37:11 vs. 48:39:13 in endurance male and female athletes, respectively. For speed-power males vs. female athletes, the proportions were 42:50:8 vs. 41:50:9, respectively. Conclusions: Despite the differences in body composition, mechanical output, and absolute energy expenditure, the energy system contribution appears to have a similar metabolic effect between male and female athletes engaged in sprint exercises with similar sport-related adaptations. The magnitude and profile of sex differences are related to sports discipline.