bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of strong and weak form sustainability to assist in rate development for the valuation of exhaustible resources (part I)
Authors: Grissom T.V. , McCord M. , McIlhatton D. , Haran M. 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper, which is the first of a two-part series, is to build upon the established research on environmental economics and sustainability theory developed by Ramsey (1928), Weitzman (2007) and Gollier (2010). The Ramsey-Weitzman-Gollier model, with the contribution of Howarth (2009) and Nordhaus (2007a, b), focuses on discount rate development for environmental and long-term assets, linking discounted utility analysis embedded in the CCAPM model of Lucas (1978) to the policy concerns associated with the valuation of public and sustainable resources. This paper further investigates these issues to the rates structure appropriate for exhaustible resources with a particular emphasis on urban land, based upon the differentiation of strong and weak form sustainability concepts constrained by the objectives of the sustainable criterion of Daly and Cobb (1994).

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper integrates the concepts of discount rate development for environmental and long-term assets and discounted utility analysis to the policy concerns associated with the valuation of public and sustainable resources. It develops new theoretical insight in order to allow the theoretical formulation of discount and capitalization rates that can be empirically applied and tested.

Findings
– The paper provides theoretical support for a new approach concerned with the development of capitalization and discount rates in the valuation of non-renewable resources. A key concern of valuing non-renewable or limited resource endowments (in space or time) is the problem of irreversible investment or irrevocable decision implementation as suggested by Arrow-Fisher (1974), Krautkraemer (1985) and Daly and Cobb (1994). It investigates the challenge with developing capitalization rates and valuation of depleting resources temporally, within the constraints of sustainability. To achieve this, an optimal control discounting procedure subject to a sustainable objective statement is employed – in this context it suggests that sustainability should be treated as an alternative to traditional growth and the maximization of near-term returns.

Originality/value
– This paper extends the construct of developing rates structures appropriate for the valuation of exhaustible resources. It places a conceptual emphasis on urban land development. The measures developed and the insights gained may serve as a basis for future research on the optimal levels of sustainable development appropriate for different nations.
Social media for developing health services
Authors: Bugshan Hatem , Nick Hajli M. , Lin Xiaolin , Featherman Mauricio , Cohen Ivan 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore in depth how Web 2.0 (focusing on social media) contributes to create a better communication channel to provide information, support and assistance to patients. Social relationships of individuals on the Internet through social media have created added value for many industries. This phenomenon can be an opportunity for the health care industry, which has encountered huge challenges such as increasing demands, budget cuts, growing numbers of patients and more demanding patient expectations. Web 2.0 and social media have the potential value to make possible an increase in the productivity of modern health care and a reduction in cost to the central government. Social media introduces better channels of communication with patients to increase the value of e-health. Social media are building more social communities that empower patients to share their personalized health information and treatments.

Design/methodology/approach
– Grounded on social support and transaction cost theories, this paper evaluates the current potential of social media to discuss values it can offer for the overall benefit of the health care industry.

Findings
– The results show how the social relationship of individuals provides online social support and reduction of cost through social media, leading to the development of modern health care. Implications and limitations are discussed at the end of the paper.

Originality/value
– The analysis results indicated that social media provides strong social support for patients who seek help online. Informational support and emotional support have been confirmed as two main dimensions of social support in online health care. It makes a contribution to the health care literature by extending it to online health care support in the context of social media. It may inform and provide some initial understanding to guide future research. In addition, this study indicates that social support theory and transaction cost are appropriate theoretical foundations for studies of online health care. This finding is very valuable, as it helps researchers to advance the understanding of how social media support online health care.
Species undersampling in tropical bat surveys: effects on emerging biodiversity patterns
Authors: Meyer Christoph F. J. , Aguiar Ludmilla M. S. , Aguirre Luis F. , Baumgarten Julio , Clarke Frank M. , Cosson Jean‐François , Estrada Villegas Sergio , Fahr Jakob , Faria Deborah , Furey Neil , Henry Mickaël , Jenkins Richard K. B. , Kunz Thomas H. , Cristina MacSwiney González M. , Moya Isabel , Pons Jean‐Marc , Racey Paul A. , Rex Katja , Sampaio Erica M. , Stoner Kathryn E. , Voigt Christian C. , von Staden Dietrich , Weise Christa D. , Kalko Elisabeth K. V. 
Published: June 2014

Summary

Undersampling is commonplace in biodiversity surveys of species‐rich tropical assemblages in which rare taxa abound, with possible repercussions for our ability to implement surveys and monitoring programmes in a cost‐effective way.

We investigated the consequences of information loss due to species undersampling (missing subsets of species from the full species pool) in tropical bat surveys for the emerging patterns of species richness (SR) and compositional variation across sites.

For 27 bat assemblage data sets from across the tropics, we used correlations between original data sets and subsets with different numbers of species deleted either at random, or according to their rarity in the assemblage, to assess to what extent patterns in SR and composition in data subsets are congruent with those in the initial data set. We then examined to what degree high sample representativeness (r ≥ 0·8) was influenced by biogeographic region, sampling method, sampling effort or structural assemblage characteristics.

For SR, correlations between random subsets and original data sets were strong (r ≥ 0·8) with moderate (ca. 20%) species loss. Bias associated with information loss was greater for species composition; on average ca. 90% of species in random subsets had to be retained to adequately capture among‐site variation. For nonrandom subsets, removing only the rarest species (on average c. 10% of the full data set) yielded strong correlations (r > 0·95) for both SR and composition. Eliminating greater proportions of rare species resulted in weaker correlations and large variation in the magnitude of observed correlations among data sets.

Species subsets that comprised ca. 85% of the original set can be considered reliable surrogates, capable of adequately revealing patterns of SR and temporal or spatial turnover in many tropical bat assemblages. Our analyses thus demonstrate the potential as well as limitations for reducing survey effort and streamlining sampling protocols, and consequently for increasing the cost‐effectiveness in tropical bat surveys or monitoring programmes. The dependence of the performance of species subsets on structural assemblage characteristics (total assemblage abundance, proportion of rare species), however, underscores the importance of adaptive monitoring schemes and of establishing surrogate performance on a site by site basis based on pilot surveys.
Life‐history trade‐offs mediate ‘personality’ variation in two colour morphs of the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum
Authors: Schuett Wiebke , Dall Sasha R. X. , Kloesener Michaela H. , Baeumer Jana , Beinlich Felix , Eggers Till 
Published: June 2014

SummaryLife‐history trade‐offs are considered a major driving force in the emergence of consistent behavioural differences (personality variation); but empirical tests are scarce.We investigated links between a personality trait (escape response), life‐history and state variables (growth rate, size and age at first reproduction, age‐dependent reproductive rates, lifetime reproductive success, life span) in red and green colour morphs of clonal pea aphids,Acyrthosiphon pisum. Escape response (dropping/non‐dropping off a plant upon a predatory attack) was measured repeatedly to classify individuals as consistent droppers, consistent nondroppers or inconsistents.Red morphs experienced stronger trade‐offs between early reproduction and life span than green morphs; and red consistent (non)droppers had highest lifetime reproductive success. Red droppers followed a risk‐averse life‐history strategy (high late reproduction), red nondroppers a risk‐prone strategy (high early reproduction), while reproductive rates were equivalent for all green behavioural types and red inconsistents.This suggests that red morphs suffer the highest costs of dropping (they are most conspicuous to predators), which ‘equivalates’ fitness payoffs to both risk‐takers (red non‐droppers) and risk‐averse red droppers. The strong trade‐off also means that committing to a particular lifestyle (being consistent) maximises fitness.Our study suggests that life‐history trade‐offs likely mediate personality variation but effects might depend on interactions with other organismal characteristics (here: colour morph).
Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) Education Division Competition 2013 Winner‐A Consumer's Guide to Probiotics: A Glimpse into the Big Picture of a Microscopic World
Authors: Reed Spenser 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOne of the core competencies in the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) education standards is for students to achieve competency in communication skills (that is, oral and written communication, listening, interviewing, and so on). According to the IFT guidelines, by the time students graduate, they should not only be able to search for and condense information, but also be able to “communicate technical information to a nontechnical audience.” The Education Division of IFT sponsors a writing competition for undergraduate students to bring attention to and promote the development of communication skills. It has been shown that employees/entry‐level scientists who can communicate technical and nontechnical concepts succinctly will be in a better position to achieve management status after entering the work force. Monetary prizes are awarded to the authors of the top three papers. A revised version of the winning entry is published in the Journal of Food Science Education for dissemination to a world‐wide audience.
The high molecular weight glutenin subunit Bx7 allergen from wheat contains repetitive IgE epitopes
Authors: Baar A. , Pahr S. , Constantin C. , Giavi S. , Papadopoulos N. G. , Pelkonen A. S. , Mäkelä M. J. , Scheiblhofer S. , Thalhamer J. , Weber M. , Ebner C. , Mari A. , Vrtala S. , Valenta R. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundWheat is one of the most common food allergen sources for children and adults. The aim of this study was to characterize new wheat allergens using an IgE discovery approach and to investigate their IgE epitopes.MethodsA cDNA expression library representing the wheat transcriptome was constructed in phage lambda gt11 and screened with IgE antibodies from wheat food allergic patients. IgE‐reactive cDNA clones coding for portions of high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits were identified by sequence analysis of positive clones. IgE epitopes were characterized using recombinant fragments from the HMW Bx7 and synthetic peptides thereof for testing of allergic patients' sera and in basophil degranulation assays.ResultsWe found that the major IgE‐reactive areas of HMW glutenins are located in the repetitive regions of the protein and could show that two independent IgE‐reactive fragments from HMW Bx7 contained repetitive IgE epitopes.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that IgE antibodies from wheat food allergic patients can recognize repetitive epitopes in one of the important wheat food allergens. Recombinant HMW Bx7 may be included into the panel of allergens for component‐resolved diagnosis of wheat food allergy.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: alcohol consumption and the risk of colorectal adenoma
Authors: Zhu J.‐Z. , Wang Y.‐M. , Zhou Q.‐Y. , Zhu K.‐F. , Yu C.‐H. , Li Y.‐M. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryBackgroundStudies on the relation between alcohol consumption and risk of colorectal adenoma (CRA), a precursor of colorectal cancer, have been inconsistent.AimA systematic review with meta‐analysis was conducted to investigate the association and the dose–response of alcohol with CRA.MethodsA literature search was performed on PubMed to identify relevant studies published up to January 2014. A fixed or random effects model was used to estimate summarised relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between alcohol intake and CRA risk. Statistical heterogeneity between studies was assessed with the χ2 statistic and quantified by I².ResultsTwenty‐three case–control studies and two cohort studies were included in the meta‐analysis. All drinkers were associated with 17% increased risk for CRA, compared with nondrinkers or occasional alcohol drinkers. The dose–response analysis demonstrated that for drinkers of 10, 25, 50 and 100 g/day alcohol consumption, the estimated RRs of CRA were 1.02 (95% CI 0.89–1.16), 1.06 (95% CI 0.92–1.20), 1.16 (95% CI 1.02–1.33) and 1.61 (95% CI 1.42–1.84) respectively, in comparison with non‐/occasional drinkers. The risks were consistent in the subgroup analyses of gender and site of adenoma, while it was stronger in European studies than the studies in the US and Asia.ConclusionsThis study suggests that alcohol intake is related to a significant increase of risk for colrectal adenoma.
Serotonergic reinforcement of intestinal barrier function is impaired in irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Keszthelyi D. , Troost F. J. , Jonkers D. M. , van Eijk H. M. , Lindsey P. J. , Dekker J. , Buurman W. A. , Masclee A. A. M. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryBackgroundAlterations in serotonergic (5‐HT) metabolism and/or intestinal integrity have been associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).AimsTo assess the effects of the precursor of 5‐HT, 5‐hydroxytryptophan (5‐HTP), on mucosal 5‐HTavailability and intestinal integrity, and to assess potential differences between healthy controls andIBSpatients.MethodsFifteenIBSpatients and 15 healthy volunteers participated in this randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled study. Intestinal integrity was assessed by dual‐sugar test and by determining the mucosal expression of tight junction proteins after ingestion of an oral bolus of 100 mg 5‐HTPor placebo. Mucosal serotonergic metabolism was assessed in duodenal biopsy samples.Results5‐HTPadministration significantly increased mucosal levels of 5‐HIAA, the main metabolite of 5‐HT, in both healthy controls (7.1 ± 1.7 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7 pmol/mg, 5‐HTPvs. placebo,P = 0.02) andIBSpatients (20.0 ± 4.8 vs. 8.1 ± 1.3 pmol/mg, 5‐HTPvs. placebo,P = 0.02), with the latter group showing a significantly larger increase. Lactulose/L‐rhamnose ratios were significantly lower after administration of 5‐HTP(P < 0.05) in healthy controls and were accompanied by redistribution of zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1), pointing to reinforcement of the barrier. InIBS, expression of the tight junction proteins was significantly lower compared to healthy controls, and 5‐HTPresulted in a further decrease in occludin expression.ConclusionsOral 5‐HTPinduced alterations in mucosal 5‐HTmetabolism. In healthy controls, a reinforcement of the intestinal barrier was seen whereas such reaction was absent inIBSpatients. This could indicate the presence of a serotonin‐mediated mechanism aimed to reinforce intestinal barrier function, which seems to dysfunction inIBSpatients.
Mortality after total colectomy in 3084 patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Nordenvall C. , Ekbom A. , Bottai M. , Smedby K. E. , Nilsson P. J. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryBackgroundA high post‐operative mortality has been reported following colectomy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially in some patient groups.AimsTo investigate the 40‐day mortality following colectomy in patients with IBD. The secondary aim was to assess whether colectomised IBD patients have an increased mortality compared to the general population.MethodsThis is a population‐based register study of all patients with IBD in Sweden who underwent total colectomy in 2000–2010. The cohort was identified using international classification codes for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Patients registered with both UC and CD before colectomy (UCCD) were analysed separately. Each patient was followed‐up to the date of death, migration or 31st of December 2010, whichever came first. Kaplan–Meier survival curves, Cox proportional hazards models and relative mortality rates were used to describe mortality.ResultsIn the cohort of 3084 patients, 2424 were diagnosed with UC, 326 with CD and 334 with UCCD. The 40‐day, 1‐year and 3‐year mortality was 1.3%, 3.1% and 6.0%, respectively. The highest 40‐day mortality was seen in patients ≥59 years of age (4.4%). Colectomy at the primary hospitalisation for IBD did not significantly increase the risk of post‐operative mortality, nor did hospital volume. The relative survival after 3 years was 0.99, 0.98, 0.97 and 0.90 in those <30, 30–43, 44–58 and ≥59 years old, respectively.ConclusionThe 40‐day mortality following total colectomy in IBD patients in Sweden is low, except in patients ≥59 years old.
Efficient pairwise composite likelihood estimation for spatial‐clustered data
Authors: Bai Yun , Kang Jian , Song Peter X.‐K. 
Published: June 2014

SummarySpatial‐clustered data refer to high‐dimensional correlated measurements collected from units or subjects that are spatially clustered. Such data arise frequently from studies in social and health sciences. We propose a unified modeling framework, termed as GeoCopula, to characterize both large‐scale variation, and small‐scale variation for various data types, including continuous data, binary data, and count data as special cases. To overcome challenges in the estimation and inference for the model parameters, we propose an efficient composite likelihood approach in that the estimation efficiency is resulted from a construction of over‐identified joint composite estimating equations. Consequently, the statistical theory for the proposed estimation is developed by extending the classical theory of the generalized method of moments. A clear advantage of the proposed estimation method is the computation feasibility. We conduct several simulation studies to assess the performance of the proposed models and estimation methods for both Gaussian and binary spatial‐clustered data. Results show a clear improvement on estimation efficiency over the conventional composite likelihood method. An illustrative data example is included to motivate and demonstrate the proposed method.
Academic Medical Product Development: An Emerging Alliance of Technology Transfer Organizations and the CTSA
Authors: Rose Lynn M. , Everts Maaike , Heller Caren , Burke Christine , Hafer Nathaniel , Steele Scott 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTo bring the benefits of science more quickly to patient care, the NIH National Center Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) supports programs that enhance the development, testing, and implementation of new medical products and procedures. The NCATS clinical and translational science award (CTSA) program is central to that mission; creating an academic home for clinical and translational science and supporting those involved in the discovery and development of new health‐related inventions. The technology transfer Offices (TTO) of CTSA‐funded universities can be important partners in the development process; facilitating the transfer of medical research to the commercial sector for further development and ultimately, distribution to patients. The Aggregating Intellectual Property (IP) Working Group (AWG) of the CTSA public private partnerships key function committee (PPP‐KFC) developed a survey to explore how CTSA‐funded institutions currently interface with their respective TTOs to support medical product development. The results suggest a range of relationships across institutions; approximately half have formal collaborative programs, but only a few have well‐connected programs. Models of collaborations are described and provided as examples of successful CTSA/TTO partnerships that have increased the value of health‐related inventions as measured by follow‐on funding and industry involvement; either as a consulting partner or licensee.
An unavoidable modulation? Sensory attention and human primary motor cortex excitability
Authors: Ruge Diane , Muggleton Neil , Hoad Damon , Caronni Antonio , Rothwell John C. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe link between basic physiology and its modulation by cognitive states, such as attention, is poorly understood. A significant association becomes apparent when patients with movement disorders describe experiences with changing their attention focus and the fundamental effect that this has on their motor symptoms. Moreover, frequently used mental strategies for treating such patients, e.g. with task‐specific dystonia, widely lack laboratory‐based knowledge about physiological mechanisms. In this largely unexplored field, we looked at how the locus of attention, when it changed between internal (locus hand) and external (visual target), influenced excitability in the primary motor cortex (M1) in healthy humans. Intriguingly, both internal and external attention had the capacity to change M1 excitability. Both led to a reduced stimulation‐induced GABA‐related inhibition and a change in motor evoked potential size, i.e. an overall increased M1 excitability. These previously unreported findings indicated: (i) that cognitive state differentially interacted with M1 physiology, (ii) that our view of distraction (attention locus shifted towards external or distant location), which is used as a prevention or management strategy for use‐dependent motor disorders, is too simple and currently unsupported for clinical application, and (iii) the physiological state reached through attention modulation represents an alternative explanation for frequently reported electrophysiology findings in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as an aberrant inhibition.