bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the nematicidal potential of vermicompost, vermicompost tea, and urea application on the potato-cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida
Authors: Renčo Marek , Kováčik Peter 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The addition of organic material to the soil can be an effective alternative to the environmentally unsafe chemical treatments that are used to control plant parasitic nematodes. We evaluated the effects of vermicompost alone, and aqueous solutions of vermicompost (vermicompost tea) either alone or mixed with urea, on the development and survival of two potato-cyst nematodes: Globodera rostochiensis (pathotype Ro1) and G. pallida (pathotype Pa2) and on the growth parameters of the host potato plants. Soil amendments with these materials significantly decreased the number of cysts · 400 g–1 of both species in the soil, the number of eggs and juveniles · cyst–1 of both species, and the number of eggs and juveniles · g–1 of both species in the soil, relative to the untreated controls. The suppressive effect was significantly higher at the highest dose than the lowest treatment dose, for all tested materials. Globodera rostochiensis was more sensitive to all the tested materials than G. pallida. The aqueous solutions of vermicompost alone or in combination with urea were more effective than the solid vermicompost used alone, for controlling both species. Vermicompost and the vermicompost teas had positive effects on plant fresh stem weight and stem height. The application of vermicompost tea instead of the solid vermicompost, substantially decreased the amount of material needed. These amendments are thus promising for the control of potato-cyst nematodes in sustainable agricultural systems.
Potential toxicity assessment of novel selected pesticides against sand termite, Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux workers (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) under field conditions in Egypt
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Ibrahim , Eraky El-Sayed Ali , Mohamed Mahmoud Fakeer , Soliman Abdel-Aleem Saad 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The sand termite, Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux is a major pest in the New Valley Governorate, Egypt. Great efforts have been taken to control the pest. We evaluated the toxicity of four selected neonicotinoids [acetamiprid (20% SP), imidacloprid (20% SL), thiamethoxam (18.6% SC), and thiamethoxam (40% WG)], and one organophosphate pesticide [chlorpyrifos (48% EC)] against P. hypostoma workers. The investigation was done under field conditions, using the palm fronds method. However, the reduction percentages in palm fronds was recorded as the height of the sandy clay formed by termite workers on palm frond surfaces, when the fronds had been treated with a different concentration of each pesticide. The results were recorded after 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. Chlorpyrifos (48% EC) was considered the most potent pesticide among all the pesticides tested, but acetamiprid (20% SP) was considered the most toxic among the neonicotinoid pesticides tested. Moreover, the formulation of thiamethoxam (18.6% SC) was more powerful than thaimethoxam (40% WG). Furthermore, the reduction percentages on palm fronds increased significantly with an increase of the exposure period (from 15 to 60 days), as a result of the surface foraging activity of the sand termite workers. These results are given as unique and encouraging trends in controlling sand termites in Egypt.
A Target Indirect Thrust Measurement Method of Pulse Detonation Engine
Authors: Huang Xiqiao , Xiong Yuefei , Li Chao , Zheng Longxi , Li Qing 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAn indirect thrust measurement method based on impulse of a target plate was developed, and a new thrust measurement system (TMS) was successfully designed and constructed. A series of multi-cycle experiments on thrust measurement were conducted to investigate the feasibility of this method with the newly-built indirect TMS. The thrust measurement of PDE was made at different plate target axial positions and operating frequencies. All the experiments were conducted using gasoline as fuel and air as oxidant. The experimental results implied that the thrust of PDE by using the indirect impulse method was a function of the target plate axial position, and there existed an optimum measurement position for PDE with a diameter of 60 mm. The optimum target plate position located at 3.33. According to the experimental results, the thrusts obtained by using indirect TMS were less than the actual values, and so the observed value of thrust was modified in order to make the thrust more reliable. A relative accurate calibration formula depending on the operating frequency was found.
Modeling Real Private Consumption Expenditure in Bulgaria after the Currency Board Implementation (1997-2005)
Authors: Vasilev Aleksandar 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper, an econometric model of consumption in Bulgaria for the period 1997-2005 is constructed. The Error-Correction Model (ECM) approach is employed and long-run relationship between household consumption and income was found. The primary purpose of this empirical paper is to get a better understanding of the factors driving household consumption in Bulgaria and to estimate a consumption function to be used for medium-term forecasting. It is shown that all households behave in a Keynesian way, basing their consumption decisions on current income.
Hydrogen-bonded assemblies of two organically templated borates: syntheses and crystal structures of [(1,10-phen)(H3BO3)2] and [2-EtpyH][(B5O6(OH)4]
Authors: Wang Yan-Jing , Jia Ai-Quan , Chen Xing-Shun , Shi Hua-Tian , Zhang Qian-Feng 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Two new organically templated borates, [(1,10-phen)(H3BO3)2] (1) and [2-EtpyH][(B5O6(OH)4] (2), were synthesized under mild solvothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, elemental analyses and thermogravimetry. Complex 1 is a co-crystal component in which B(OH)3 molecules form crinkled tapes via hydrogen bonds, which in turn are packed in a two-dimensional framework with 1,10-phen molecules sandwiched between the framework of crinkled chains. The structure of complex 2 is composed of 2-ethylpyridinium cations [2-EtpyH]+ and pentaborate anions [B5O6(OH)4]– which are linked together with hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional supramolecular framework. The templating [2-EtpyH]+ cations are situated in the cavities arising from the supramolecular pentaborate framework and interact also with the inorganic framework through hydrogen bonds.
Genome-Wide Analysis ofDrosophilaRBf2 Protein Highlights the Diversity of RB Family Targets and Possible Role in Regulation of Ribosome Biosynthesis
Authors: Wei Yiliang , Mondal Shamba S , Mouawad Rima , Wilczyński Bartek , Henry R William , Arnosti David N 
Published: May 2015

AbstractRBf2 is a recently evolved retinoblastoma family member in Drosophila that differs from RBf1, especially in the C-terminus. To investigate whether the unique features of RBf2 contribute to diverse roles in gene regulation, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing for both RBf2 and RBf1 in embryos. A previous model for RB−E2F interactions suggested that RBf1 binds dE2F1 or dE2F2, whereas RBf2 is restricted to binding to dE2F2; however, we found that RBf2 targets approximately twice as many genes as RBf1. Highly enriched among the RBf2 targets were ribosomal protein genes. We tested the functional significance of this finding by assessing RBf activity on ribosomal protein promoters and the endogenous genes. RBf1 and RBf2 significantly repressed expression of some ribosomal protein genes, although not all bound genes showed transcriptional effects. Interestingly, many ribosomal protein genes are similarly targeted in human cells, indicating that these interactions may be relevant for control of ribosome biosynthesis and growth. We carried out bioinformatic analysis to investigate the basis for differential targeting by these two proteins and found that RBf2-specific promoters have distinct sequence motifs, suggesting unique targeting mechanisms. Association of RBf2 with these promoters appears to be independent of dE2F2/dDP, although promoters bound by both RBf1 and RBf2 require dE2F2/dDP. The presence of unique RBf2 targets suggest that evolutionary appearance of this corepressor represents the acquisition of potentially novel roles in gene regulation for the RB family.
Off-flavour compounds in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) flesh in context of type of fish pond
Authors: Varga D. , Sándor Zs. , Hancz Cs. , Csengeri I. , Jeney Zs. , Papp Zs. 
Published: May 2015

The aim of our study was to survey the geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) concentrations of the sediment and that of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) flesh in three different Hungarian fish farms (clayey, marshy, and sodic ponds).
Results showed that the concentrations of off-flavour compounds of the sediment and fish fillets were related to the natural environment. The GSM concentration of bottom soil samples was higher, than MIB in each fish farm. Both off-flavour compounds were the highest in the marshy fish pond and the lowest in the sodic pond. In case of fish flesh, significant differences were found between the farms in GSM level and fat content. In the fish flesh the same tendency was found as in the sediments, but surprisingly, MIB concentration was higher in the fillets, referring to accumulation.
Stillbirth history and Toxoplasma gondii infection in women attending public health centers in a northern Mexican city
Authors: Alvarado-Esquivel C. , Pacheco-Vega S. J. , Salcedo-Jaquez M. , Sánchez-Anguiano L. F. , Hernández-Tinoco J. , Rábago-Sánchez E. , Centeno-Tinoco M. M. , Flores-Garcia I. D. , Ramos-Nevarez A. , Cerrillo-Soto S. M. , Guido-Arreola C. A. , Beristain-García I. , Liesenfeld O. , Berumen-Segovia L. O. , Saenz-Soto L. , Sifuentes-Álvarez A. 
Published: May 2015

Through a cross-sectional study design, 150 women attending public health centers with a history of stillbirths were examined for anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies in Durango City, Mexico. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association of T. gondii seropositivity with the characteristics of the women with stillbirth history.
Of the 150 women (mean age: 32.09 ± 9.16 years) studied, 14 (9.3%) had anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies and six (42.9%) of them were also positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Multivariate analysis showed that T. gondii seropositivity was associated with high frequency (4–7 days a week) of eating meat (OR = 5.52; 95% CI: 1.48–20.59; P = 0.01), history of lymphadenopathy (OR = 4.52; 95% CI: 1.14–17.82; P = 0.03), and history of surgery (OR = 8.68; 95% CI: 1.04–72.15; P = 0.04).
This is the first study on the seroepidemiology of T. gondii infection in women with a history of stillbirths in Mexico. The association of T. gondii exposure with a history of surgery warrants for further research. Risk factors for T. gondii infection found in the present survey may help to design optimal educational programs to avoid T. gondii infection.
Color conversion using Quantum Dots on high-brightness GaN LED arrays for display application
Authors: Sanchot Audrey , Consonni Marianne , Le Calvez Stéphanie , Robin Ivan C. , Templier François 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTWe have demonstrated the color conversion of blue micro-LEDs by means of QDs. In this paper, we will present characterizations that highlight this phenomenon. We already obtained conversion with a complete disappearance of the blue incident signal and a strong color saturation from deep blue (x=0,1626; y=0,0144) to deep red (x=0,6743; y=0,3244).
Feasibility Assessment for Implementation of Heart Failure Clinical Caremaps using Electronic Medical Records in Primary Practice
Authors: Gupta Ritesh , Demers Catherine , Archer Norman , Keshavjee Karim 
Published: May 2015

Objectives: The primary aim of this project is to evaluate the impact and level of use of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) by family physicians (FPs) specifically with respect to HF management. This study provides pilot work towards successful implementation of HF clinical caremaps in EMRs to support decision making for FPs.Methods: A survey questionnaire was sent to 207 FPs from which 42 (20%) replies were received. The survey included questions on demographic information of the FP's practice, specifics about HF patients and their management, EMR use and whether they have improved management in HF patients. Results: Among the 42 FPs who responded, 39 (93%) practice in the urban area of Hamilton and each have over 10 confirmed HF patients at their family practices, supporting the need for proper management of HF at the primary care level. FPs expressed concerns about difficulty in treating HF preserved vs. systolic HF, in managing HF patients with renal insufficiency and difficulty in the use of beta blockers. There was no consensus on whether EMRs have helped in improving the management of HF patients.Conclusions: There is a perceived need for management tools which can be integrated into EMRs to provide decision making support for FPs in managing HF. Tools such as caremaps may help provide optimal care in managing HF patients as per the Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines.
E-cigarettes: The holy grail of smoking cessation or a new addiction?
Authors: Dufort Alexander , Owila Aida 
Published: May 2015

Since its introduction, e-cigarettes have evoked strongly opposed views and much passion from both proponents and opponents. The proponents of e-cigarettes view the product as an effective smoking cessation tool and a potential savior for millions of smokers. They argue that the vapor based system in e-cigarettes is a much safer mode of nicotine delivery than the combustion system in conventional cigarettes. Opponents view it as a product that at best introduces new bad habits, renormalizes smoking and may even serve as a gateway to smoking in non-smokers. The existing body of literature on the issue, while impressive, is far from conclusive. There is much more to be determined about e-cigarettes before informed decisions can be made about their safety and effectiveness. This article intends to summarize and analyze the scientific arguments raised from both perspectives on e-cigarettes.
Effect of clear aligner therapy on the buccolingual inclination of mandibular canines and the intercanine distance
Authors: Grünheid Thorsten , Gaalaas Sara , Hamdan Hani , Larson Brent E. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To compare the changes in buccolinugal inclination of mandibular canines and intercanine distance in patients treated with clear aligners to those treated with preadjusted edgewise appliances.

Materials and Methods:
The buccolingual inclination of mandibular canines and the intercanine distance were measured on pre- and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomograms of 30 patients who had been treated with clear aligners and 30 patients who had been treated with fixed preadjusted edgewise appliances. Differences between the aligner and fixed appliance groups and between pre- and posttreatment measurements were tested for statistical significance.

Results:
In both groups, most of the mandibular canines had positive buccolingual inclinations (ie, their crowns were positioned lateral to their roots) both before and after treatment. While there was no difference between the groups pretreatment, the posttreatment buccolingual inclination was significantly greater in the aligner group. In the fixed appliance group, the canines became more upright with treatment, while the buccolingual inclination did not change significantly in the clear aligner group. The intercanine distance did not differ between the groups either before or after treatment. However, it increased significantly over the course of treatment in the aligner group, whereas it did not change significantly in the fixed appliance group.

Conclusions:
Orthodontic treatment with clear aligners tends to increase the mandibular intercanine distance with little change in inclination in contrast to treatment with fixed appliances, which leaves the intercanine distance unchanged but leads to more upright mandibular canines.
Comparison of the effects of glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and hydroxyethyl starch solutions for cryopreservation of avian red blood cells
Authors: Graham Jennifer E. , Meola Dawn M. , Kini Nisha R , Hoffman Andrew M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare effectiveness of glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions for cryopreservation of avian RBCs.
SAMPLE RBCs from 12 healthy Ameraucana hens (Gallus gallus domesticus).
PROCEDURES RBCs were stored in 20% (wt/vol) glycerol, 10% (wt/vol) DMSO freezing medium, or various concentrations of HES solution (7.5%, 11.5%, and 20% [wt/vol]) and frozen for 2 months in liquid nitrogen. Cells were then thawed and evaluated by use of cell recovery and saline stability tests, cell staining (7-aminoactinomycin D and annexin V) and flow cytometry, and scanning electron microscopy.
RESULTS Percentage of RBCs recovered was highest for 20% glycerol solution (mean ± SE, 99.71 ± 0.04%) and did not differ significantly from the value for 7.5% HES solution (99.57 ± 0.04%). Mean saline stability of RBCs was highest for 10% DMSO (96.11 ± 0.25%) and did not differ significantly from the value for 20% HES solution (95.74 ± 0.25%). Percentages of cells with 7-aminoactinomycin D staining but without annexin V staining (indicating necrosis or late apoptosis) were lowest for 10% DMSO freezing medium (3%) and 20% glycerol solution (1%) and highest for all HES concentrations (60% to 80%). Scanning electron microscopy revealed severe membrane changes in RBCs cryopreserved in 20% HES solution, compared with membrane appearance in freshly harvested RBCs and RBCs cryopreserved in 10% DMSO freezing medium.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cryopreservation of avian RBCs with HES solution, regardless of HES concentration, resulted in greater degrees of apoptosis and cell death than did cryopreservation with other media. Transfusion with RBCs cryopreserved in HES solution may result in posttransfusion hemolysis in birds.
Plasma and serum serotonin concentrations and surface-bound platelet serotonin expression in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Cremer Signe E. , Kristensen Annemarie T. , Reimann Maria J. , Eriksen Nynne B. , Petersen Stine F. , Marschner Clara B. , Tarnow Inge , Oyama Mark A. , Olsen Lisbeth H. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate serum and plasma serotonin concentrations, percentage of serotonin-positive platelets, level of surface-bound platelet serotonin expression (mean fluorescence intensity [MFI]), and platelet activation (CD62 expression) in platelet-rich plasma from Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD).
ANIMALS Healthy dogs (n = 15) and dogs with mild MMVD (18), moderate-severe MMVD (19), or severe MMVD with congestive heart failure (CHF; 10).
PROCEDURES Blood samples were collected from each dog. Serum and plasma serotonin concentrations were measured with an ELISA, and surface-bound platelet serotonin expression and platelet activation were determined by flow cytometry.
RESULTS Dogs with mild MMVD had higher median serum (746 ng/mL) and plasma (33.3 ng/mL) serotonin concentrations, compared with MMVD-affected dogs with CHF (388 ng/mL and 9.9 ng/mL, respectively), but no other group differences were found. Among disease groups, no differences in surface-bound serotonin expression or platelet activation were found. Thrombocytopenic dogs had lower serum serotonin concentration (482 ng/mL) than nonthrombocytopenic dogs (731 ng/mL). In 26 dogs, a flow cytometry scatterplot subpopulation (FSSP) of platelets was identified; dogs with an FSSP had a higher percentage of serotonin-positive platelets (11.0%), higher level of surface-bound serotonin expression (MFI, 32,068), and higher platelet activation (MFI, 2,363) than did dogs without an FSSP (5.7%, 1,230, and 1,165, respectively). An FSSP was present in 93.8% of thrombocytopenic dogs and in 29.5% of nonthrombocytopenic dogs.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE A substantive influence of circulating serotonin on MMVD stages prior to CHF development in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels was not supported by the study findings. An FSSP of highly activated platelets with pronounced serotonin binding was strongly associated with thrombocytopenia but not MMVD.
Evaluation of three point-of-care meters and a portable veterinary chemistry analyzer for measurement of blood glucose concentrations in black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)
Authors: Higbie Christine T. , Eshar David , Bello Nora M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare blood glucose concentrations of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) measured by use of a variety of portable analyzers with results from a laboratory biochemistry analyzer.
SAMPLE Venous blood samples (3 mL) obtained from each of 16 healthy black-tailed prairie dogs.
PROCEDURES A portion of each blood sample was used to measure glucose concentrations by use of an amperometric human point-of-care glucometer and a colorimetric species-specific portable blood glucose meter designed for veterinary use with both canine (code 5) and feline (code 7) settings. The remainder of each blood sample was placed into 2 tubes (one contained lithium heparin and the other contained no anticoagulant). A portable veterinary chemistry analyzer (PVCA) and a handheld analyzer were used to measure glucose concentration in heparinized blood. Serum glucose concentration was measured in the remaining portion by use of a biochemistry analyzer. A general linear mixed models approach was used to compare glucose concentrations and measurement bias obtained with the various measurement methods.
RESULTS Measurement bias and differences in mean glucose concentrations were apparent with all measurement methods. In particular, the veterinary glucometer, whether used on the canine or feline setting, overestimated mean glucose concentrations, whereas the human glucometer, PVCA, and handheld analyzer underestimated mean glucose concentrations relative to the concentration obtained with the biochemistry analyzer.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that none of the measurement methods provided consistently accurate blood glucose concentrations of black-tailed prairie dogs, compared with values determined with a biochemistry analyzer.