bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ROS1 expression and translocations in non‐small‐cell lung cancer: clinicopathological analysis of 1478 cases
Authors: Warth Arne , Muley Thomas , Dienemann Hendrik , Goeppert Benjamin , Stenzinger Albrecht , Schnabel Philipp A , Schirmacher Peter , Penzel Roland , Weichert Wilko 
Published: January 2014

AimsMolecular characterization of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has revealed multiple druggable mutations for targeted therapies. Recently, chromosomal rearrangements involving c‐ros oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) were identified, and patients seem to benefit from crizotinib treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC with ROS1 expression and translocation.Methods and resultsWe screened 1478 NSCLCs with a ROS1‐specific antibody, and tested positive cases with FISH. All positive cases were analysed for associated clinicopathological characteristics, including survival and molecular tumour composition. Sixty‐eight cases (4.6%) showed ROS1 immunoreactivity, and ROS1 translocations were confirmed in nine cases (0.6%). ROS1 expression was predominantly found in female adenocarcinoma patients, in patients with low T stages, and in association with TTF1 and napsin expression, and certain histomorphological adenocarcinoma patterns (lepidic, acinar, and solid). ROS1 translocations occurred in conjunction with other driver mutations (EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF). ROS1 expression was found to be a stage‐independent predictor of favourable survival.ConclusionsROS1 translocations are rare events in resected NSCLCs from Caucasian patients. Immunohistochemical screening for ROS1 expression and clinicopathological parameters, including female sex, early tumour stages, adenocarcinomas with TTF1 and/or napsin expression, and a distinct histomorphological growth pattern, strongly facilitate case enrichment. Molecularly driven multistep concepts might not be optimal for case selection.
Allergic reaction to the tetracycline component of Ledermix paste: a case report
Authors: Kaufman A. Y. , Solomonov M. , Galieva D. , Abbott P. V. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAimAllergy to materials used during root canal treatment is well recognized in the endodontic literature. However, allergy to Ledermix paste, a compound containing triamcinolone (a corticosteroid) and demeclocycline (a tetracycline antibiotic), has not been reported apart from one very recent case in a Letter to the Editor of a journal. The aim of this report is to describe a proven allergic reaction to tetracycline following the use of Ledermix paste as a root canal medicament.SummaryA 33‐year‐old female patient undergoing root canal retreatment of her right mandibular second premolar tooth experienced symptoms of type 1 allergy following the placement of an intracanal medicament containing a mixture of Ledermix paste and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. Signs of the type 1 allergy included urticaria, pruritus all over the body, general malaise and fever. These all subsided after removing and flushing out the Ledermix paste–Ca(OH)2 mixture and redressing the root canal with Ca(OH)2 alone. Allergic scratch tests were performed, and these confirmed that the patient was allergic to tetracycline, one of the components of Ledermix paste.
Chemotherapeutic and targeted biological agents for metastatic bladder cancer: A comprehensive review
Authors: Sio Terence T , Ko Jocelyn , Gudena Vinay K , Verma Nitin , Chaudhary Uzair B 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe American Cancer Society estimates that 73 510 new cases of bladder cancer will be diagnosed and 15 000 deaths will result this year. The paper summarizes the clinical evidence for the use of platinum‐based, non‐platinum‐based and new targeted biological agents, while reporting the future directions in the treatment of metastatic bladder cancer. For cisplatin‐base regimens, the combination of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (M‐VAC) has been the mainstream treatment for both advanced and metastatic bladder cancers. It showed significant improvement in the complete response rate and overall survival time in comparison with single‐agent cisplatin. For cisplatin‐ineligible patients, namely patients with renal impairment, symptomatic cardiac disease and poor performance status, alternative therapies consisting of paclitaxel, gemcitabine and carboplatin were shown to be of benefit. Pemetrexed and vinflunine have also shown effectiveness, with small but demonstrable overall survival benefits. Gemcitabine‐based doublet therapies (combined with paclitaxel, docetaxel, irinotecan, oxaliplatin or epirubicin) have all been shown to be effective and well‐tolerated. Several new targeted therapies, such as gefetinib, sorafenib and lapatinib, have received attention in recent years; however, their effectiveness as single agents in a relapse setting have not been optimal and more studies are warranted.
Successful treatment of Erdheim–Chester disease with combination of interleukin‐1‐targeting drugs and high‐dose glucocorticoids
Authors: Darstein F. , Kirschey S. , Heckl S. , Rahman F. , Schwarting A. , Schuchmann M. , Galle P. R. , Zimmermann T. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractErdheim–Chester disease (ECD) is a rare histocytic disorder. We report a case of a 45‐year‐old male ECD patient with severe clinical manifestation (urinary obstruction due to retroperitoneal mass with hydronephrosis, involvement of long bones) and central nervous system involvement (hemiparesis, aphasia and diabetes insipidus). Diagnosis was confirmed by typical clinical, radiological and histological findings. Under immunosuppressive therapy with prednisolone and interleukin‐1A receptor antagonist (Anakinra, Kineret, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Stockholm, Sweden), a rapid improvement of the patients' symptoms and condition was observed. This is the first report of a successful combination therapy of Anakinra and glucocorticoids. Furthermore, current literature about ECD and treatment options are discussed.
Embedding research in clinical practice: differences in attitudes to research participation among clinicians in a tertiary teaching hospital
Authors: Paget S. P. , Lilischkis K. J. , Morrow A. M. , Caldwell P. H. Y. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDespite a drive to increase research in healthcare settings, clinician participation in research remains infrequent. This paper describes an online survey comparing attitudes with research participation among clinicians (doctors, nurses and allied health professionals) at an Australian tertiary children's hospital. Differences between professional groups support the existence of different professional cultures surrounding research, suggesting that multiple strategies are required to improve participation in research.
Ferroelectric Transition and Low‐Temperature Dielectric Relaxations in Filled Tungsten Bronzes
Authors: Zhu Xiao Li , Li Kun , Chen Xiang Ming 
Published: January 2014

A comprehensive review on the latest development of the ferroelectric transition and low‐temperature dielectric relaxations of filled tungsten bronze ceramics are presented together with some new issues. In the filled tungsten bronze ceramics M6−pRpTi2+pNb8−pO30 (p = 1, 2; M = Ba or Sr; R = rare earth or Bi), a ferroelectric transition is generally indicated together with up to three low‐temperature dielectric relaxations. The ferroelectric transition is determined as 4/mmm → 4 mm, and the low‐temperature dielectric relaxations are deeply concerned with the structure modulations due to the order/disorder of ions in A1 and A2 sites, their random cross occupancy, and the order/disorder of B‐site ions. Both the ferroelectric transition and low‐temperature dielectric relaxations are dominated by the composition and radius difference between A1‐ and A2‐site ions, ∆r. The normal ferroelectric transition might be expected if the ratio of the biggest ion and second big ion is 2:1, otherwise the diffuse or relaxor ferroelectric is expected. Meanwhile, the larger ∆r generally results in the normal ferroelectric, and the smaller ∆r will lead to the diffuse or relaxor ferroelectric. Moreover, the effects of A sites order/disorder and the random cross occupancy of A‐site ions are primary, and the effects of B‐site ordering/disordering are secondary. The right ratio of 2:1 for A2‐ and A1‐site ions and the large ∆r should be the guidelines for designing the possible multiferroic tungsten bronzes.
Footprints of past intensive diversification and structuring in the genus Zelkova (Ulmaceae) in south‐western Eurasia
Authors: Christe Camille , Kozlowski Gregor , Frey David , Bétrisey Sébastien , Maharramova Elmira , Garfì Giuseppe , Pirintsos Stergios , Naciri Yamama 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAimTo elucidate the phylogeographical patterns in three Cenozoic relict species: Zelkova sicula, Z. abelicea and Z. carpinifolia (Ulmaceae).LocationSicily, Crete and Transcaucasia.MethodsTwo chloroplast loci (trnH–psbA and trnL) and the nuclear ribosomal markers ITS1 and ITS2 were sequenced for 154 samples collected from 14 populations of Z. abelicea, 16 populations of Z. carpinifolia, and the two known populations of Z. sicula. We obtained georeferenced data, calculated median joining networks and carried out diversity analyses. A few ex situ samples collected from botanical gardens, of the East Asian species Zelkova serrata, Z. schneideriana and Z. sinica, were also analysed for comparative purposes.ResultsHigh levels of variability were found in the chloroplast markers within Z. carpinifolia (15 haplotypes) and Z. abelicea (33 haplotypes), in association with strong phylogeographical structure. Conversely, Z. sicula was characterized by low diversity, with each population exhibiting a single haplotype. Lower variability was found for ITS1 and ITS2 within Z. carpinifolia and Z. abelicea (13 and 7 ribotypes per species, respectively), with Z. carpinifolia showing a high proportion of populations with no intragenomic polymorphism. In the triploid and clonal Z. sicula, all individuals displayed intragenomic polymorphism and seven ribotypes were identified.Main conclusionsThe chloroplast diversity of Z. abelicea and Z. carpinifolia suggests a very ancient history of diversification and structuring, with footprints of past expansions and more recent bottlenecks. Zelkova sicula has had a history of severe isolation and is likely to be of hybrid origin.
3D‐CAD effects on creative design performance of different spatial abilities students
Authors: Chang Y. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractStudents' creativity is an important focus globally and is interrelated with students' spatial abilities. Additionally, three‐dimensional computer‐assisted drawing (3D‐CAD) overcomes barriers to spatial expression during the creative design process. Does 3D‐CAD affect students' creative abilities? The purpose of this study was to explore the auxiliary effects of 3D‐CAD applications on students' creative design capabilities and on students with different spatial abilities. A total of 349 students from a public senior high school in Taoyuan County, Taiwan, participated in the study. The study used a non‐equivalent pretest and post‐test quasi‐experimental design. The key results from the study include the following: (1) students' spatial abilities were moderately correlated with their creative performance, especially their functional creativity; (2) the 3D‐CAD applications enhanced students' creative performance, particularly with regard to aesthetics; and (3) in 3D‐CAD applications, students with better spatial abilities were superior to those with relatively poor spatial abilities with regard to creative performance. Additionally, the effect sizes of novelty and aesthetics were stronger than that of functionality.
CD34+VEGFR‐3+ progenitor cells have a potential to differentiate towards lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors: Tan Yu‐zhen , Wang Hai‐jie , Zhang Mei‐hua , Quan Zhe , Li Ting , He Qi‐zhi 
Published: January 2014

AbstractEndothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in postnatal neovascularization. However, it is poorly understood whether EPCs contribute to lymphangiogenesis. Here, we assessed differentiation of a novel population of EPCs towards lymphatic endothelial cells and their lymphatic formation. CD34+VEGFR‐3+ EPCs were isolated from mononuclear cells of human cord blood by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. These cells expressed CD133 and displayed the phenotype of the endothelial cells. Cell colonies appeared at 7–10 days after incubation. The cells of the colonies grew rapidly and could be repeatedly subcultured. After induction with VEGF‐C for 2 weeks, CD34+VEGFR‐3+ EPCs could differentiate into lymphatic endothelial cells expressing specific markers 5′‐nucleotidase, LYVE‐1 and Prox‐1. The cells also expressed hyaluronan receptor CD44. The differentiated cells had properties of proliferation, migration and formation of lymphatic capillary‐like structures in three‐dimensional collagen gel and Matrigel. VEGF‐C enhanced VEGFR‐3 mRNA expression. After interfering with VEGFR‐3 siRNA, the effects of VEGF‐C were diminished. These results demonstrate that there is a population of CD34+VEGFR‐3+ EPCs with lymphatic potential in human cord blood. VEGF‐C/VEGFR‐3 signalling pathway mediates differentiation of CD34+VEGFR‐3+ EPCs towards lymphatic endothelial cells and lymphangiogenesis. Cord blood‐derived CD34+VEGFR‐3+ EPCs may be a reliable source in transplantation therapy for lymphatic regenerative diseases.
Causes of male sexual trait divergence in introduced populations of guppies
Authors: Lindholm A. K. , Head M. L. , Brooks R. C. , Rollins L. A. , Ingleby F. C. , Zajitschek S. R. K. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractMales from different populations of the same species often differ in their sexually selected traits. Variation in sexually selected traits can be attributed to sexual selection if phenotypic divergence matches the direction of sexual selection gradients among populations. However, phenotypic divergence of sexually selected traits may also be influenced by other factors, such as natural selection and genetic constraints. Here, we document differences in male sexual traits among six introduced Australian populations of guppies and untangle the forces driving divergence in these sexually selected traits. Using an experimental approach, we found that male size, area of orange coloration, number of sperm per ejaculate and linear sexual selection gradients for male traits differed among populations. Within populations, a large mismatch between the direction of selection and male traits suggests that constraints may be important in preventing male traits from evolving in the direction of selection. Among populations, however, variation in sexual selection explained more than half of the differences in trait variation, suggesting that, despite within‐population constraints, sexual selection has contributed to population divergence of male traits. Differences in sexual traits were also associated with predation risk and neutral genetic distance. Our study highlights the importance of sexual selection in trait divergence in introduced populations, despite the presence of constraining factors such as predation risk and evolutionary history.
Survival of Naturally Occurring Campylobacter in Refrigerated and Frozen Rinsate From a Broiler Carcass – a Research Note
Authors: Cox N.A. , Richardson L.J. , Berrang M.E. , Rigsby L.L. , Buhr R.J. , Plumblee J.R. , Fedorka‐Cray P.J. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractEach of the 10 carcasses were rinsed and tested for Campylobacter. Each rinse was subdivided into twelve 25‐mL aliquots, without cryoprotectant. Six were stored at 4C and six at −23C. At 4‐month intervals, one aliquot from each was streaked onto Campy‐Cefex plates and then 5 mL added to 45 mL of Bolton's (B) or 45 mL of Tecra (T) broth; after 48 h at 42C, both enrichments were streaked onto Campy‐Cefex plates. At 4 months (4C), 0 of 10, seven of 10 and three of 10 were positive by direct streak, B and T, respectively, while 0 of 10, one of 10 and four of 10 were positive by direct streak, B and T, respectively, at −23C. At 4 months, all 4C samples were negative, while two of 10 frozen samples were positive in both B and T after 8 months and one of 10 in B at 12, 16 and 20 months. Foods contaminated with Campylobacter may still pose a health hazard after long‐term freezing.Practical ApplicationsIn this study, naturally occurring Campylobacter were able to survive in the rinsate of commercially processed broiler carcasses without the use of a cryoprotectant. The Campylobacter isolate was identified as a nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistant strain of Campylobacter jejuni. Survival and periodic recovery were demonstrated after 20 months of frozen storage in broiler carcass rinsate alone. Therefore, naturally contaminated uncooked frozen poultry may pose a potential health hazard.
The role of anxiety, depression, and psychological stress on the clinical status of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and oral lichen planus
Authors: Gavic Lidia , Cigic Livia , Biocina Lukenda Dolores , Gruden Vladimir , Gruden Pokupec Josipa Sanja 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundIn spite of all the efforts, recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and oral lichen planus (OLP) still have unexplained etiology.The role of anxiety, depression, and psychological stress in occurrence and intensity of symptoms in RAS and OLP patients has been investigated in this study.MethodsA total of 110 patients with RAS in the acute phase and 112 patients with OLP also in acute phase participated in this study. All patients filled out questionnaires related to the primary disease (RAS/OLP) after which they took the following psychological tests: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), The State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ).ResultsAccording to multiple regression analysis, in patients with RAS, the highest correlation was found between results of the pain intensity and STAI test (β= 0.66; p < 0.000). In the patients with OLP, the highest correlation was found between the level of hyperkeratosis and WCQ test (β = 0.53; P < 0.000), inflammation and results of BDI test (β = 0.33; P < 0.002), and results of dynia test and STAI test (β = 0.31; P < 0.004).ConclusionsIn this study, a high correlation between anxiety, depression, and psychological stress with symptoms of RAS and OLP has been observed.
Chemopreventive effect of Mentha piperita on dimethylbenz[a]anthracene and formaldehyde‐induced tongue carcinogenesis in mice (histological and immunohistochemical study)
Authors: Kasem Rehab F. , Hegazy Radwa H. , Arafa Mona A. A. , AbdelMohsen Mona M. 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveCancer chemoprevention is defined as the use of chemicals or dietary components to block, inhibit, or reverse the development of cancer in normal or pre‐neoplastic tissue. Mentha extract (ME) has antioxidant and antiperoxidant properties. This study was held to investigate the protective and anticancer effect of Mentha leaves aqueous extract on oral epithelium of mice tongues.DesignA total of 80 Egyptian albino mice were divided into three groups. Group I served as control (not subjected to any kind of treatment), and groups II and III were subjected to two‐stage chemical carcinogenesis through topical application of dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) followed by formaldehyde on dorsal and ventral surfaces of tongues for 9 weeks. Mentha leaves extract was administrated to group III at the same time of cancer induction. Histological changes were assessed in H&E sections at 3‐week intervals. The anticarcinogenic effect of Mentha piperita was tested using immunostain with anticaspase antibody.ResultsThe oral administration of ME reduced the appearance of dysplastic cellular changes with 61% and inhibited tumor incidence with 100%. Group I showed moderate‐to‐strong cytoplasmic caspase expression. At 6‐week interval, group II showed weak‐to‐moderate caspase expression, while sections from group III showed moderate‐to‐strong caspase expression. High significant statistical difference in the total score of caspase 3 expression was found between specimens obtained from animals sacrificed at 6 weeks in groups I, II, and III (P = 0.001**).ConclusionOur study demonstrated that Mentha piperita has inhibited the initiation and promotion of oral dysplastic lesions.
Histomorphologic characteristics of bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw
Authors: Koerdt Steffen , Dax Svenja , Grimaldi Hannes , Ristow Oliver , Kuebler Alexander C. , Reuther Tobias 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundBisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a known side effect of the therapy with bisphosphonates. No specific pathologic aspects or histological features are included in the most current definition. This study investigates characteristics of BRONJ with a special emphasis on histomorphologic aspects, evaluating the role of Actinomyces spp. as well as other disease‐promoting factors in a formal pathogenetic context.MethodsWe investigated 23 patients (14 female, nine male; mean age: 66 ± 11.8 years) who received bisphosphonates with a gender‐ /age‐matched control group. Tissue specimens were treated according to local standards and analyzed histologically.ResultsIn 18 (78.3%) BRONJ cases, we found Actinomyces spp. colonies. Bone remodeling could be found in three specimens (13%). Eight specimens (34.8%) showed signs of epithelial proliferation. Analysis of dental treatment before the onset of BRONJ did not reveal significant differences (P > 0.20). In 10 patients (83%; P > 0.05) of the reported cases a relationship between dental treatment and the occurrence of a purulent bone necrosis could be observed. Statistically significant differences in thickness of trabeculae were detected between the two study groups (P = 0.04).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the important influence of the osteoblast–osteoclast balance in a histomorphologic analysis. Together with cofactors, which are able to trigger the onset of BRONJ, a new pathogenesis model was developed.
Neutrophil‐tumor cell cannibalism in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sarode Sachin C. , Sarode Gargi S. 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundCannibalism was recognized as a phenomenon seen mainly with the tumor cells ingesting other tumor cells. Recent reports have shown tumor cell engulfing other cells (xeno‐cannibalism) as well, such as neutrophils, lymphocytes and erythrocytes. But no such finding has been reported in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the literature till date.ObjectiveRetrospective histopathological analysis of OSCC for identification of neutrophil‐tumor cell cannibalism (NTCC) and its correlation with clinico‐pathological parameters.MethodsThe hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections of 500 OSCC cases were thoroughly screened at high power magnification (400X) for NTCC. Cases showing only frank NTCC were selected. Cases were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis using CD68 and lysozyme.ResultsSeven (1.4%) cases of OSCC which showed classical features of extreme NTCC on histopathological examination. Seventeen Cases (3.4%) showing occasional isolated NTCC were excluded. All the cases were poorly differentiated and showed cervical lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemical analysis showed mild (+) to moderate (++) positivity in tumor cells for CD68 and lysozyme markers.ConclusionNTCC in OSCC can predict the biological behavior and could serve as a useful prognostic marker in future. Tumor cell displaying macrophage phenotype and cell digestion could be mediated through lysosomal enzyme activity.