bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenomenology or constructivism in psychopathology
Authors: Dzhupanov G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPhenomenology is historically fundamental for psychopathology. In recent decades constructivist approaches occur as an alternative. Some consider them quite compatible, others take the reverse stance, arguing for advances of one or the other. This has parallel in discussions and contradictions in philosophy of mind.ObjectivesAs Dennett points, there is no science free of philosophy, so it is recommendable to make clear and bear in mind on what kind of philosophy is based contemporary psychopathology.MethodsBrief review and comparison between phenomenological and constructivist approaches.ResultsThere is no doubt, that culture influences self and experience. Culture and social environment shape abnormal experiences as well. In an extreme variant a constructivist statement would sound as “Someone suffers from a disorder because a violation of social norms.” The self is considered as socially constructed entirely, in the spirit of Mead. Psychopathological theories are function of societal development as well. Phenomenological approach pays attention to constitution and structure of subjective experience. The self has a multilayer structure with a pre-reflexive experiential level of self. Elements of subjective reality do exist, that are not result from social influence, these include abnormal experiences. Especially some experiences in severe mental illness originate from profound disturbance of intentionality based on dysfunction of pre-reflexive self-awareness as it shown by T. Fuchs.ConclusionsPhenomenology offers more broad and satisfying framework for psychopathology and psychiatry. Contribution of constructivism is not to be ignored, but seems to be one-sided. Further research and deeper education in phenomenological psychopathology of trainees would be valuable.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Comparative study of the effectiveness of EMDR G-TEP and CBT group protocols for the treatment of trauma in children exposed to a conflict context
Authors: Dozio E. , Bizouerne C. , Wamba V. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction357 million children live in conflict zones. Children’s mental health is a major but complex issue as needs and interventions depend on the age of the child, caregivers, daily safety and protection, etc. EMDR and CBT are the recommended therapies to treat PTSD according to the WHO, but there is not enough standardized evidence-based protocol for children. Testing and evaluating trauma management systems for children is essential for trauma treatment interventions to be implemented in emergency contexts, such as war and conflict situations.Objectives
This research compares two intervention protocols for children aged 6 to 17 years suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder after exposure to conflict traumatic events in the Central African Republic: the protocol “Kôno” developed by Action contre la Faim, based on a CBT and narrative approaches and the EMDR/G-TEP (Group Traumatic Events Protocol). After a psychoeducation session, the children were assigned to the ACF-KONO or EMDR/G-TEP groups for 5 sessions. The Child Psychosocial Distress Screener (CPDS) to measure general well-being and functioning and the Child Revised Impact of Events Scale (CRIES) to assess trauma, were administered before and after treatment.Methods

793 children participated in the research, 391 were included in the ACF-KONO protocol and 402 in the EMDR/G-TEP protocol. Both protocols have been shown to be equally effective in improving well-being and reducing traumatic symptoms. 185 children (90 ACF-KONO and 95 EMDR/G-TEP) were also re-evaluated after 5 months. The CPDS and CRIES-8 measurements reveal that the results are stable over time, with the use of both protocols. Detailed results will be presented.Results
This research contributes to the discussion on a framework for group protocols for children in mental health and psychosocial support interventions in humanitarian programs. The two protocols tested showed very good results in reducing symptoms of PTSD in children. How to choose between EMDR/G-TEP and CBT? What contextual and cultural adaptations are to be expected? Are there differences in children’s appreciation? And in that of mental health practitioners? Ideas for reflection will be shared.ConclusionsIt is possible to widen access to therapeutic treatment of PTSD for children in emergency situations such as war and conflict. Further research in other contexts is needed. These studies should explore qualitative elements, such as children’s appreciations, but also the impact of these different protocols on the vicarious trauma of professionals involved in the treatment of children’s trauma.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Prevalence and patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder in victims of intimate partner violence
Authors: Tabib F. , Guermazi F. , Masmoudi R. , Mnif D. , Feki I. , Baati I. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIt’s a well-known fact that violence, particularly repetitive violence or violence lasting several years, as is often the case with intimate partner violence (IPV), has a severe psycho-traumatic impact. Although not all women are affected to the same degree or in the same way, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most common mental health consequence of IPV.ObjectivesTo assess the psycho-traumatic impact of IPV on female victims. To study the factors associated with PTSD among these women.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional observational study, carried out over a 10-month period from March 2021 to December 2021, among female victims of IPV consulting psychiatric emergencies at UHC Hédi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia for medical expertise at the request of the court. We studied the PTSD in these women using the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale (PCLS).ResultsThe total number of participants was 120 with an average age of 37.27 years. The majority had secondary education or less (62.5%), were professionally active (53.3%), and were financially dependent on their partners (26.7%). As for the women’s clinical characteristics, 19.2% were under psychiatric care, 15% had attempted suicide and 10% had a history of childhood abuse. Regarding the couple’s profile, marriage was arranged in 58.3% of cases, and the average duration of marriage was 12.34 years, exceeding 10 years in 44.2% of cases.The impact reported by our women was 100% psychological and 96.7% familial. As a result, 75.8% had sought help from family and friends, and 55.8% had decided to separate from their partners.According to the PCLS scale, 78.3% of female victims showed PTSD with a positive score > 44. It was associated with a higher number of suicide attempts (p=0.04), a marriage duration exceeding 10 years (p=0.02), help-seeking (p=0.001), and divorce (p=0.014).ConclusionsPTSD is a particularly serious psychiatric condition. However, its impact remains insufficiently understood and taken into account in medical, psychological, social, and legal care. Knowing the psycho-traumatic consequences of violence is absolutely essential to better protect, support, and care for victims.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Reactivation of trauma in an inadequately structured person
Authors: Jovanovska V. V. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe person is constantly exposed to various types of psychosocial stress, and what will be the course and outcome of the reaction, in addition to other factors, primarily depends on the structure of the person (cognitive, conative, affective and somatic characteristics).ObjectivesPresentation of a case of an inadequately structured person (a 29-year-old girl) who experiences an emotional loss, thus reactivating a trauma experienced many years ago (content-like emotional loss). The activation of traumatic memory as a center for generating a complex of pathological symptoms is provoked due to the personal structural inability of a person to legally reorganize, reintegrate and absorb stress.MethodsFor a complete psychological exploration of an organization, personality dynamics, symptoms, defenses, motives, goals, values, interpersonal relationships, etc. I have applied: MMPI-202, NEO PI-R, Millon’s test, PIE, ZS and Azinger aggression scale.ResultsThe result is an inadequately structured person of the avoidant type: introverted, vulnerable, disturbingly self-centered, constantly alert to prevent his impulses and affectional compunctions from leading to a repetition of pain and suffering experienced in the past, denying his feelings to maintain interpersonal distance, sensitive, helpless in an aggressive environment, low self-esteem and self-confidence, with weak capacities to overcome stress, etc. Anxiety and depressive symptoms are dominant. Manifest symptomatology is elaborated.ConclusionsIn a person with an inadequate structure, there is an increased vulnerability, therefore applying an exploratory approach to people with a stressful condition in daily professional practice is a necessary need in order to more effectively, comprehensively treat the current and previously memorized stressful reactions with an emphasis on the highly personalized response to stress.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Impact of excessive interest in news related to the war on mental health in conditions of big invasion and information war: experience of Ukraine
Authors: Markova M. , Aliieva T. , Abdriakhimova T. , Prib H. , Markov A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAn important component of the russian-Ukrainian war is information war. russia conducts psychological diversions the purpose of which is harming and disorganization the population’s mental health by reducing the ability of criticality thinking and formation of various stress-associated, anxiety-depressive, phobic, etc. disorders.ObjectivesTo study the impact of information about the war on the mental health of Ukrainian population.Methods186 Ukrainian people voluntarily completed the questionnaire in Google format. It contains tools for assessing the level of stress PTCI, anxiety response GAD-7, depression PHQ-9, the intolerance to the uncertainty (IUS-12 in G.Gromova’ adaptation) and developed by us “Test for the detection of disorders related to the obsession with news about the russian-Ukrainian war” (M.Markova et al, 2022).ResultsMost of the civilian population of Ukraine demonstrate excessive fascination with news associated with the war, with almost 50% have all the signs of clinically formed addiction.Psychopathological anxiety and depressive manifestations of varying intensity are characterized by more than 30% of the population. Almost 80% suffer from the effects of psycho-traumatic factors, of which 45% are observed by post-stress maladaptation, 25% - by signs of PTSD (23%) or PTSD (2%).
The presence of anxiety-depressive response does not depend on the level of obsession of the news: among persons with signs and/or clinical psychopathological symptoms, there are persons both excessively passionate about information and with a safe level of use.Any high level of interest of news (addiction/dangerous/risky) has a close direct correlation with the intensity of pathological stressful response and the level of tolerance to uncertainty.All persons with anxiety-depressive and pathological stressful response symptoms, and 58% of people with excessive fascination with news are characterized by low tolerance to uncertainty. This can serve as a prognostic marker of development of maladaptation and testify to the leading role of a lack of tolerance to uncertainty in its development in wartime.42 % of people who have an excessive interest in news, haven’t signs of maladaptive response. They use the interest of information as a stress management’s resource, which has a positive effect on the mental state and increases the ability to successfully function in uncertainty.Conclusions
The development of information and psychological stability by increasing tolerance to uncertainty is a perspective area of research in the field of mental protection of the population of Ukraine.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Dismantling task-sharing psychosocial interventions to personalize care for people affected by common mental disorders: developing a taxonomy of active ingredients and ranking their efficacy
Authors: Papola D. , Patel V. , Barbui C. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe global burden associated with common mental disorders is high, especially for people living in low resource settings. Although psychosocial interventions delivered by locally available lay or community health workers are effective, mechanisms of intervention response are poorly understood. One of the greatest barriers is that psychosocial interventions are administered as complex, multi-component “packages of care”.ObjectivesOur aim is to systematically review all the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have tested the efficacy of psychosocial interventions delivered through the task shifting modality to treat people suffering from common mental disorders (depression, anxiety, and related somatic complaints) in low resource settings, dismantle the intervention protocols creating a taxonomy of active intervention components, and re-evaluate their efficacy.MethodsWe will use the component network meta-analysis (cNMA) methodology. The major benefit of cNMA is the possibility to disentangle intervention components and explore their effectiveness separately or in various combinations (even in disconnected networks). cNMA increases statistical power by combining direct and indirect comparisons while fully respecting the randomized structure of the evidence. According to the additive cNMA model which we will implement, adding a component “c” to a composite intervention “X” will lead to an increase (or decrease) of the effect size by an amount only dependent on “c”, and not on “X”. We will denote the corresponding component specific incremental standard mean difference (iSMD) so that iSMDc = SMD(X+c) v. (X). Combining these component-specific iSMDs will allow the estimation of SMD between any two composite interventions.ResultsA network of comparisons and a hierarchy that includes all intervention components expressed as iSMD, indicating the added benefit of adding a component to an intervention, will be presented. By selecting the most effective components it will be possible to outline a novel task shifting psychosocial intervention to be tested in future RCTs.ConclusionsThese findings will set the basis for further investigations in the field of precision medicine. This project is funded by the European Union’s HORIZON EUROPE research programme under grant agreement No 101061648.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Urban planning, noise pollution and mental health outcomes
Authors: Abdelmoula E. , Abdelmoula B. , Bouayed Abdelmoula N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn large cities around the world, many sources of noise including traffic, domestic, construction, and industrial activities, contribute to urban noise pollution, which is now, a major concern in public health as declared by the WHO, for more than a decade (in 2011).ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to try to find potential recommendations and references in terms of urban planning, particularly with the emergence of smart cities, to combat the problem of noise pollution and related mental health hazards.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive review of the scientific literature using the following keywords: cities, smart cities, noise, pollution and mental health.ResultsOur research found that the continuous exposure to high noise levels could lead to psychological and physiological problems, such as hearing disorders, high blood pressure, heart disease, inconvenience and sleep disorders. While recent evidence indicates that road traffic noise has a negative impact on mental health and that aircraft noise significantly increases the risk of depression, there are not enough studies to date to properly assess the relationship between urban noise pollution and mental health hazards such as anxiety, mood disorders, sexual disturbance, cognitive impairment, learning disabilities, dementia, etc. In the field of urban planning, there is also a lack of reliable data on individual exposure to environmental noise in space and time, and on its effects on mental health.ConclusionsVarious noise mitigation strategies in urban renewal plans are proposed, such as the implementation of noise mapping to provide the detailed spatial distribution of noise levels in urban areas, their sources and time intervals, noise barriers along traffic arteries, vegetation and landscaping. New infrastructure projects involving new expressways and high-speed trains as well as the widening of major roads in their central areas are also suggested.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Natural soundscapes, urban design and psychological well-being
Authors: Abdelmoula E. , Abdelmoula B. , Bouayed Abdelmoula N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionWhile the acoustic environment in the cities correlates with various health-related problems, health benefits of natural sounds are proven. These positive effects of the sounds of nature should probably be taken seriously in urban design and urban renewal projects.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to review the paradigm of natural soundscapes in the cities, psychological effects of natural soundscapes and the potential urban recommendations for such architecture design.Methods
We conducted a comprehensive review of the scientific literature using Web databases with the following keywords: natural soundscapes, natural sound, urban design, and mental health.ResultsOur research found that improving the urban environment soundscape for the well-being of city dwellers has become one of the most pressing challenges of modern times. In a growing number of published studies, positive psychological effects of natural soundscapes are explored using various methods such as questionnaires, biofeedback sensors coupled with virtual reality experiences in laboratories, and quantification of the prevalence of restorative acoustic environments in parks. In a recent study (2023), Jian Kang from the United Kingdome, reported that “by taking psycho-acoustical, neural and physiological, and contextual factors into account, the European Research Council Soundscape Indices project will adequately reflect levels of human comfort, to integrate side-by-side with (and eventually replace) decibel-based metrics into existing (international) regulations”. The same paper highlighted how the transition from fighting noise pollution to creating soundscapes is key.ConclusionsArchitects should develop mandatory guidelines regarding the spatial planning focusing on managing natural soundscapes in cities. Various sites such as green urban public spaces that offers exposure to natural sounds should be an integral part of the urban environment. These areas must be with a high abundance of natural sound (geophony and bio phony) and a low anthropogenic sound to enhance human physical and psychological health.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A multivariate meta-analysis of peripheral cytokine levels in obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: Chen Y. , Li Q. , Wang Y. , Wang Y. , Long F. , Li F. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric disorder. It is considered that dysregulation of cytokine levels is related to the pathophysiological mechanism of OCD. However, the results of previous studies on cytokine levels in OCD are inconsistent.ObjectivesTo perform a meta-analysis assessing cytokine levels in peripheral blood of OCD patients.MethodsWe searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from inception to March 31, 2023 for eligible studies. We conducted multivariate meta-analysis in combined proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-1β, IL-2, tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], and interferon-γ [IFN-γ]) and combined anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-4) respectively, and calculated the same meta-analysis in each cytokine. We also performed sensitivity analysis and publication bias tests, as well as subgroup analysis (i.e. different age groups, varied cytokine measurement methods, medication treated or naïve, and presence of psychiatric comorbidities) and meta-regression analysis (variables including patients’ sex ratio, age, age at symptom onset, illness duration, scores of Y-BOCS, family history of psychiatric disorders, and BMI).Results17 original studies (13, 13, 10, 5, 4, 3, 2 studies for IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ, respectively), 573 patients (mean age, 25.2; 50.3% female) and 498 healthy controls (HC; mean age, 25.3; 51.4% female) were included. The results showed that the levels of combined pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and each signle cytokine were not significantly different between OCD patients and HC (all P>0.05), with significant heterogeneities in all analyses (I2 from 79.1% to 91.7%). We did not find between-group differences in cytokine levels in all subgroup analyses. Meta-regression analysis suggested that age at onset (P=0.0003) and family history (P=0.0062) might be the source of heterogeneity in TNF-α level. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that all results were stable, except for IL-4 where different cytokine measurement methods may be the contributing factor. Egger test did not find publication bias.ConclusionsOur study showed no difference in cytokine levels between OCD patients and HC, but age at onset and family history may affect TNF-α level. Confounding factors such as age at onset, family history, and cytokine measurement methods should be controlled in future studies to further explore the immune mechanism of OCD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Central effects of peripherally administrated immune cells modulated by a psychoactive substance in aggression
Authors: Markova E. , Serenko E. , Knyazheva M. , Akopyan A. , Tikhonova M. , Amstislavskaya T. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIt is known that the formation of aggressive behavior is accompanied by neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory changes. Immune cells have a regulatory effect on the central nervous system functions, including regulation of behavior.ObjectivesWe first demonstrated that ex vivo chlorpromazine - modulated immune cells have a positive aggressive behavior editing effect. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the indicated cells on some central mechanisms underlying the development of aggressive reactions.Methods(CBAxC57Bl/6) F1 aggressive male mice, developed in conditions of chronic social stress, were undergoing the transplantation of syngeneic spleen lymphocytes with ex vivo chlorpromazine-modulated functional activity. In recipients the immunohistochemical analysis was performed assessing the expression of the microglial marker Iba1. The levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf
) and cytokines was assessed by ELISA. For histological examination Nissl staining was applied.ResultsAggressive behavior editing after the chlorpromazine-modulated immune cells transplantation registered against the background of some structural and functional changes in the brain. It was found an increase in the density of pyramidal neurons in CA1 and CA3 hippocampal regions and augmented level of Bdnf. The decreased expression of microglial activation marker Iba1, accompanied with decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, INF-γ) and increased anti-inflammatory (IL-4) cytokine was found. Visualization of functionally active lymphocytes pre-treated with chlorpromazine in the brain parenchyma of aggressive recipients suggests a direct effect of injected lymphocytes on CNS.ConclusionsThe effect of chlorpromazine - modulated immune cells that edits aggressive behavior is realized by stimulating neurogenesis, neuroplasticity and reducing neuroinflammation.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared