bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigations of the behaviour of superconducting magnetic levitating set-ups including a large MgB2 disc and a smaller NdFeB magnet
Authors: Bernstein Pierre , Xing Yiteng , Noudem Jacques , Morandi Antonio , Ribani Pier Luigi , Russo Giacomo , Lemonnier Sebastien , Delorme Fabian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We report the levitation and guidance forces of two set-ups including a 120 mm diameter MgB2 disc cooled down to 20 K. The first one included the disc and a 30 mm thick and 100 mm diameter NdFeB magnet and is labelled as PM100 set-up. The second one called PM70 set-up included a 70 mm diameter and 35 mm thick magnet. All the measurements were carried out after cooling down the superconductor with a 30 mm separation between the magnet and the superconductor. Some remarkable results were obtained. It was reported by Xing et al (2024 Supercond. Sci. Technol.
37 02LT01) that the levitation force measured with the PM100 set-up has reached the strong value of 678 N at 5 mm separation between the magnet and the superconductor. In this new report, in addition to a comparison of the levitation forces measured on both set-ups, we report guidance force measurements. We show that this force decreases for the PM100 set-up as the magnet-superconductor distance decreases, while the guidance force of the PM70 set-up increases, as was reported for set-ups including Halbach guideways sections. Reproducing the measured levitation forces with analytical models, we show, on the one hand, that the large levitation forces measured with the PM100 set-up are due to the non-homogeneity of the magnetic field above the PM100 magnet. On the other hand, we explain the behaviour of the PM70 set-up guidance force by the low modulation of the magnetic moment of the superconductor resulting from the magnet motion.
Direct laser acceleration in varying plasma density profiles
Authors: Babjak R , Martinez B , Krus M , Vranic M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Direct laser acceleration has proven to be an efficient source of high-charge electron bunches and high brilliance x-rays. However, an analytical description of the acceleration in the interaction with varying plasma density targets is still missing. Here, we provide an analytical estimate of the maximum energies that electrons can achieve in such a case. We demonstrate that the maximum energy depends on the local electron properties at the moment when the electron fulfills the resonant condition at the beginning of the acceleration. This knowledge enables density shaping for various purposes. One application is to decrease the required acceleration distance needed to achieve the maximum electron energy. Another use for density tailoring is to achieve acceleration beyond the radiation reaction limit. We derive the energy scaling law that is valid for arbitrary density profile that varies slowly compared with the betatron period. Our results can be applied to electron heating in exponential preplasma of thin foils, ablating plasma plumes, or gas jets with long-scale ramp-up.
Electron energy relaxation mechanism in n-type InxGa1-xAs1-yBiy alloys under electric and magnetic fields
Authors: Aydin Mustafa , Yilmaz Selen Nur , Erol Ayse , Bork James , Zide Joshua , Donmez Omer 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We investigate the power loss per electron mechanism of hot electrons generated under electric and magnetic fields in n-type InxGa1-xAs1-yBiy epitaxial layers. Acoustic phonons are generated under various electric fields to determine the hot-electron energy relaxation mechanisms at low temperatures. The hot electron temperatures are determined by theoretical calculation of the amplitude of the magnetoresistance oscillation. The power loss per degenerate electron is analytically modeled with possible scattering mechanisms. The modeling of the experimental results reveals that power dissipation occurs by employing deformation potential energy scattering for all the samples. The deformation potential energy increases by ∼ 2.14 eV/Bi% when Bi atoms are introduced into ternary InGaAs alloy and the increase in the deformation potential energy is found to be independent of the electron density, which indicates that power dissipation occurs in the equipartition regime.
A single-layer low-angle-pass filter based on metasurface
Authors: Yan Mengyao , Zhou Dongfang , Liu Qikun , Wang Ziyue , Bian Chenge , Wan Zheng , Yao Zhenning 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the design and analysis of a low-angle-pass filter based on a single-layer metasurface for TE polarization. The designed angle filter comprises a metal pattern and a dielectric substrate. By properly designing the structure and dimensions, bandpass and band-stop are produced at the same frequency under normal and oblique incidences, respectively, resulting in excellent angular selectivity. Both simulation and experimental measurements of the sample are conducted for verification. The results exhibit remarkable angular selectivity, showing high transmission under normal incidence and low transmission under oblique incidence. The −3 dB angular bandwidth is only 8° and the overall thickness is only 1/4 wavelength. The introduced single-layer angular filter is suitable for various applications, including reducing co-channel interference in 5 G communication and energy harvesting.
Numerically stable algorithm for scattering of spherical particles embedded in an absorbing medium
Authors: Zhang Jianing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study aims to develop a numerically stable Mie algorithm for solving the scattering problem of spherical particles in absorbing media. First, a new stable recursive algorithm for computing Bessel functions is presented. Compared to other algorithms, this new method can automatically determine the correct recurrence steps and construct more robust error analyses. Furthermore, we propose a new numerically stable algorithm based on the Lorenz-Mie theory framework. This algorithm employs forward recurrence formulas for Riccati-Hankel functions and backward recurrence formulas for ratios of Bessel functions. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this algorithm effectively handles the scattering phenomena of spherical particles in absorbing media. It not only accounts for the influence of absorbing media but also accurately computes scattering characteristics, including scattering and absorption coefficients, and other important parameters. Additionally, we also introduce a rescaling method to eliminate the overflow problem of Bessel functions as z → ∞ . This rescaling method can significantly extend the computational limits of traditional methods.
Construction of CdS/SnSSe heterostructures for direct Z-scheme photocatalysis: a first-principles computational study
Authors: Wang Guangzhao , Xu Chunping , Tang Wenyi , Guo San-Dong , Duan Junping , Hu Die , Yu Chenjiang , Chen Ying , Wang Biao , Zhang Wanli , Yuan Hongkuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The construction of van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions (HJs) offers an important means to enhance the properties and expand the applications of two-dimensional (2D) materials. The CdS/SnSSe HJs, comprising CdS/SSnSe and CdS/SeSnS HJs, have been designed and investigated as potential water-splitting photocatalysts using hybrid density functional theory. The suitable interface formation energies and interlayer distances confirm that both CdS/SSnSe and CdS/SeSnS HJs are vdW HJs. The small bandgaps allow CdS/SSnSe and CdS/SeSnS HJs to absorb adequate solar light. Based on the analysis of work functions, charge transfer, and band edge positions, the direct Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism for CdS/SSnSe and CdS/SeSnS HJs is validated. This mechanism is beneficial for achieving spatial separation of photoexcited carriers and maintaining sufficient redox reaction driving potentials. All these results demonstrate that both CdS/SSnSe and CdS/SeSnS HJs are promising candidates as water-splitting photocatalysts.
First-principles study of cathode material LiMnPO4F for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Rui , Luo Jiaolian , Yang Anqi , Xie Zhenyu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The article employed first-principles calculations to investigate the electronic structure, delithiation mechanism, and lithium ion diffusion barriers of LiMnPO4F and LiMn0.5M0.5PO4F (M = Ni, V, Cr). The formation energies of the systems were also calculated. The study found that LiMnPO4F is a promising positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. The doping of transition metals at the Mn site can effectively modulate the band structure of LiMnPO4F, improving the electrical conductivity and lithium ion diffusion capability of the material.
Understanding the stabilities and non-linear optical response of transition metal endo-doped B12N12 and B12P12 nanocages; a density functional theory investigation
Authors: Asif Misbah , Abdul Hamid Malai Haniti Sheikh , Bayach Imene , Sheikh Nadeem S , Ayub Khurshid 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Electronic and nonlinear optical properties of endohedral 3d transition metals (TMs) doped on B12N12 and B12P12 nanocages (TM@X12Y12) are studied. The spin-polarized calculations are carried out considering the four lowest possible spins in all TM@X12Y12 complexes. For understanding the interaction between transition metals and nanocages, Zero-point energies (ZPE) and Gibbs free energies of adsorption are considered. The results of Zero-point energies and Gibbs free energies reveal that transition metals (TMs) are chemisorbed with exothermic interaction energies in B12P12 nanocage. Natural Bond orbital (NBO) analysis reveals that the TM@B12N12 are true metallides, especially for Ti, V, and Cr with the negative values of NBO charges on metals whereas TM@B12P12 possesses electride characters. Dipole moments analysis reveals that metals placed in the center do not cause significant changes in the dipole moment. Bond order analysis gives the higher bond order values for early transition metals in B12N12 and B12P12 complexes. However, bond order tends to decrease in late transition metals for both nanocages. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis is performed to understand the effect of TMs on the electronic properties of B12N12 and B12P12 nanocages. By applying a long-range separated method, polarizability and hyperpolarizability values are calculated. The enhanced non-linear optical (NLO) response is observed for early transition metals in B12N12 nanocage. Whereas late transition metals showed a higher response for B12P12 nanocages. The values obtained of α and β
o for TM@B12N12 are in the range of 166–218 and 42–2695 au. Whereas the values of α and β
o for TM@B12P12 are in the range of 408–457 and 1–5122 au. These results prove that these nanocages are potentially effective for high-performance non-linear optical devices.
Electrochemical detection of mercury ions using glassy carbon electrode modified with silver sulphide nanoparticles
Authors: Helen Rani R , Rahale C Sharmila , S Girija , J Wilson , M Prasanthrajan , D Jeyasundara Sharmila , Saranya N , Maragatham S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Mercury (Hg2+) is a toxic heavy metal that can harm the environment and human health. This study introduces an innovative electrochemical sensor for the selective detection of Hg2+ions using square wave voltammetry (SWV). This research aims to develop a highly selective electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury ions by modifying a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with silver sulphide (Ag2S) nanoparticles. The work intends to enhance the Ag2S modified GCE’s electroactive surface area and improve electron transport, leading to a more pronounced electrochemical response. The Ag2S crystalline structure was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), while Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed spherical-shaped particles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were employed to examine the electrochemical profile of the Ag2S nanoparticles, revealing an electroactive surface area of 9.93 cm2 for the modified GCE. The SWV technique demonstrated effective detection of Hg2+ ions with a detection limit of 0.14 nM. The designed sensor was found to demonstrate the qualities of selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility and anti-interference ability. The Ag2S modified GCE exhibited excellent stability and selectivity towards Hg2+ ions in the presence of potential interferents such as Cu2+, Na+, Ca2+, and Zn2+. These results highlight the potential of the Ag2S nanoparticles modified GCE as a robust platform for environmental monitoring of mercury contamination.
Relation of V/III ratio of AlN interlayer with the polarity of nitride
Authors: Su 苏 Zhaole 兆乐 , Li 李 Yangfeng 阳锋 , Hu 胡 Xiaotao 小涛 , Song 宋 Yimeng 祎萌 , Deng 邓 Zhen 震 , Ma 马 Ziguang 紫光 , Du 杜 Chunhua 春花 , Wang 王 Wenxin 文新 , Jia 贾 Haiqiang 海强 , Jiang 江 Yang 洋 , Chen 陈 Hong 弘 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
N-polar GaN film was obtained by using a high-temperature AlN buffer layer. It was found that the polarity could be inverted by a thin low-temperature AlN interlayer with the same V/III ratio as that of the high-temperature AlN layer. Continuing to increase the V/III ratio of the low-temperature AlN interlayer, the Ga-polarity of GaN film was inverted to N-polarity again but the crystal quality and surface roughness of GaN film greatly deteriorated. Finally, we analyzed the chemical environment of the AlN layer by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which provides a new direction for the control of GaN polarity.
Manganese dioxide as wide adaptive ultrafast photonic device for pulsed laser generation
Authors: Dou 窦 Xin-He 鑫河 , Chen 陈 Zhen 震 , Zhang 张 Chen-Yan 辰妍 , Li 李 Xiang 响 , Qiao 乔 Fei-Hong 飞鸿 , Song 宋 Bo-Le 博乐 , Wang 王 Shan 珊 , Teng 滕 Hao 浩 , Lv 吕 Zhi-Guo 志国 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Research on novel ultrafast photonic devices with wide adaptability has become important scientific technical means to realize both scheme innovation and performance breakthrough in fiber laser generation. As types of transition metal oxide, manganese dioxide (MnO2) materials exhibit remarkable properties including high photothermal stability, strong oxidation resistance, and excellent optical properties, making them promising candidate for utilization as modulation devices in nonlinear optics and ultrafast optics fields. We investigate the impact of MnO2-based saturable absorber (SA) on the pulse characteristics. The experiment reveals that MnO2-based SA supports effectively pulsed laser generation in wide pump power range and large dispersion parameter space with signal-to-noise ratio more than 85 dB. As far as we know, the pump power response range is outstanding among the most of the reported pulsed lasers, which is attributed to the large modulation depth of MnO2 SA. We also investigate the impact of dispersion on the characteristics of laser output, which is not involved in other similar works. This research indicates that MnO2 as a photonic device has vast potential in advanced ultrafast optics.
The formation of an radial edge electric field due to finite ion orbit width effects is the possible root cause of the H-mode edge
Authors: Kramer G.J. , Bortolon A. , Diallo A. , Maingi R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Full orbit-following simulations of thermal ions show that finite ion-orbit width effects create charge separation near the last closed flux surface (LCFS) which generates a localized radial electric field. Experimentally, edge electric fields are observed in H-mode plasmas and they are necessary for the edge turbulence suppression via the

E
×
B

flow shear mechanism. Confined trapped (and to a lesser extent co-passing) ions near the plasma edge form a positive charge distribution outside the LCFS, while thermal electrons are tied more tightly to field lines owing to their small mass and are poorly confined outside the LCFS, hence charge neutrality is violated outside the LCFS. A large number of reported observations from spherical and conventional tokamaks support the results from the simulations although the simulations were not performed fully self consistently. The results suggest ways to lower the H-mode power threshold and optimize the H-mode plasma edge.
MBSE-based aircraft test and evaluation model construction
Authors: An Ran 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper carries out the research of the MBSE method based on the DoDAF modeling framework, focusing on the whole process of aircraft testing and evaluation. From eight points of view, the business, resources, standards, capabilities, and data of flight tests are designed and planned, the management model with the characteristics of development and evaluation flight test is constructed, and the model-based test flight engineering is explored. This method can standardize the whole cycle of development test and evaluation, effectively improve the efficiency of testing and evaluation, reduce the cost of testing, and shorten the test cycle.
Finite element simulation study of signal characteristics of pulsed eddy current detection technology
Authors: Zhang Ruijun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The principle of pulsed eddy current detection is the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, and it is difficult to study pulsed eddy current detection technology through theoretical derivation due to the complexity of electromagnetic induction. Finite element analysis uses a mathematical approximation to simulate the real physical system, and at the same time, its use of simple but interacting elements makes it possible to approximate the real system of infinite unknowns through a finite number of unknowns. Finite elements not only have high computational accuracy, but also can adapt to a variety of complex shapes, and can easily deal with the advantages of nonlinear media properties. In the electromagnetic field and other problem-solving, it has a very wide range of applications. Therefore, this paper uses finite element simulation technology to design a pulse eddy current simulation model, using the model to study some parameters of the pulse eddy current detection model. Some conclusions can be obtained after several sets of experiments: (1) Whether the test piece has defects or not, the peak value of the detection voltage decreases with the increase of the inner and outer diameters of the coil. (2) Under the same inner and outer diameters of the coil, the peak value of the detection voltage with defects is smaller than that without defects. (3) The specific frequency of the pulse improves the sensitivity of the detection. (4) The bigger the lift distance between the coils and the measured parts is, the smaller the detection signal is. (5) The deeper the defect is, the lower the detection voltage is.
Novel indium phosphide charged particle detector characterization with a 120 GeV proton beam
Authors: Kim Sungjoon , Jadhav Manoj B. , Berry Vikas , Metcalfe Jessica E. , Sumant Anirudha V. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Thin film detectors which incorporate semiconductor
materials other than silicon have the potential to build upon their
unique material properties and offer advantages such as faster
response times, operation at room temperature, and radiation
hardness. To explore the possibility, promising candidate materials
were selected, and particle tracking detectors were fabricated. An
indium phosphide detector with a metal-intrinsic-metal structure has
been fabricated for particle tracking. The detector was tested using
radioactive sources and a high energy proton beam at Fermi National
Accelerator Laboratory. In addition to its simplistic design and
fabrication process, the indium phosphide particle detector showed a
very fast response time of hundreds of picoseconds for the 120 GeV
protons, which are comparable to the ultra-fast silicon
detectors. This fast-timing response is attributed to the high
electron mobility of indium phosphide. Such material properties can
be leveraged to build novel detectors with superlative performance.
The status of algal decarbonization in Southeast Asian region: a review
Authors: Rehman Zia Ur , Punnaanan Kantaphan , Nootong Kasidit , In-na Pichaya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Due to their autotrophic nature, algae capture large quantities of CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it to chemical energy in the form of biomolecules and cell mass for various applications. Such bio-based CO2 capture plays an important role in global carbon neutrality, while making innovative and sustainable food and industrial products for human and animal use. This review broadly illustrates the total CO2 emissions of the Southeast Asian region, named as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), while estimating CO2 capture by regional commercial algae. Among all these nations, the top CO2 emitter in the ASEAN region is Indonesia (625 Mt yr−1) followed by Vietnam (311 Mt yr−1), Thailand (289 Mt yr−1), Malaysia (249 Mt yr−1), the Philippines (154 Mt yr−1), Singapore (52 Mt yr−1), Myanmar (49 Mt yr−1), Cambodia (16 Mt yr−1), Laos and Brunei (7 Mt yr−1). Indonesia is also ranked first in commercial algae production (9918 400 tons yr−1), followed by the Philippines (1500 326 tons yr−1) and Malaysia (188 110 tons yr−1). Similarly, the highest estimated algal CO2 capture is made by Indonesia (11 327 817 tons yr−1) followed by the Philippines (1705 871 tons yr−1) and Malaysia (214 279 tons yr−1), with other ASEAN countries having negligible algal CO2 capture due to either low algae production or a lack of data. The ASEAN region may play a pivotal role in the bio-capture of CO2 with the help of the phytoplanktonic aquaculture industry for value-added products. The rapid emergence of the algal industry in the ASEAN region was due to increased global demand for carrageenophyte seaweeds (98.63% of global), such as Eucheuma sp., from Indonesia and Kappaphycus alvarezii from Malaysia and the Philippines. Due to its tropical climate, high aquatic biodiversity, sufficient water and nutrient resources, and long coastlines, the ASEAN regional governments took prompt action and implemented policies for increased seaweed industry in the region. Conclusively, it is desirable to further strengthen the algal industry in these regional countries for useful products and efficient CO2 capture.