bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Next-Generation Sequencing Panels for the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer and Polyposis Syndromes: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Gallego Carlos J. , Shirts Brian H. , Bennette Caroline S. , Guzauskas Greg , Amendola Laura M. , Horike-Pyne Martha , Hisama Fuki M. , Pritchard Colin C. , Grady William M. , Burke Wylie , Jarvik Gail P. , Veenstra David L. 
Published: May 2015

PurposeTo evaluate the cost effectiveness of next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer and polyposis (CRCP) syndromes in patients referred to cancer genetics clinics.Patients and MethodsWe developed a decision model to evaluate NGS panel testing compared with current standard of care in patients referred to a cancer genetics clinic. We obtained data on the prevalence of genetic variants from a large academic laboratory and calculated the costs and health benefits of identifying relatives with a pathogenic variant, in life-years and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). We classified the CRCP syndromes according to their type of inheritance and penetrance of colorectal cancer. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess uncertainty.ResultsEvaluation with an NGS panel that included Lynch syndrome genes and other genes associated with highly penetrant CRCP syndromes led to an average increase of 0.151 year of life, 0.128 QALY, and $4,650 per patient, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $36,500 per QALY compared with standard care and a 99% probability that this panel was cost effective at a threshold of $100,000 per QALY. When compared with this panel, the addition of genes with low colorectal cancer penetrance resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $77,300 per QALY.ConclusionThe use of an NGS panel that includes genes associated with highly penetrant CRCP syndromes in addition to Lynch syndrome genes as a first-line test is likely to provide meaningful clinical benefits in a cost-effective manner at a $100,000 per QALY threshold.
Game—The Zu Zitter Game: A Course-Long Tool for Teaching Operations Management
Authors: Wright Christopher P. 
Published: May 2015

The mix of quantitative and qualitative material covered in most introductory operations management (OM) courses proves particularly challenging for many business majors and MBA students as well as for their instructors. Additionally, students with less work experience may struggle to see how topics such as process design and layout, capacity planning, quality management and control, inventory management, process improvement, and lean principles are integrated in a “big picture” way when applied in practice. In this paper, I describe the Zu Zitter Game, which places student teams in charge of all aspects of a production process and encourages them to actively integrate new material as the course progresses. It culminates in a fun, hands-on experiential learning “game day” event that brings the concepts taught in the course together and illustrates how they must be managed cohesively. Students’ feedback has been very positive; in particular, they rate it very highly for improving their “big picture” understanding of OM topics. Teaching Note: Interested Instructors please see the Instructor Materials page for access to the restricted materials. To maintain the integrity and usefulness of cases published in ITE, unapproved distribution of the case teaching notes and other restricted materials to any other party is prohibited.
Estrogen treatment and periodontal disease progression: an experimental study in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Spalding Marianne , Amschilnger Priscila Ferreira , Prado Marcela Almeida , Balducci Ivan , Carvalho Yasmin Rodarte 
Published: May 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate different periods of estrogen replacement therapy onset on the progression of experimental periodontitis in ovariectomized rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty five female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and divided into two groups, experimental and control that received 17ß estradiol or vehicle, respectively. Each group was subdivided into five subgroups that started the treatment immediately, one, two, three and four weeks after the ovariectomy. A month after ovariectomy, a cotton ligature was placed around the maxillary second molars. Thirty five days after ligature placement, the animals were killed. It was analyzed the macroscopic, radiographic, microscopic and histometric aspects of the periodontal area. RESULTS: The results indicated that estrogen-deficient state may not have a direct effect on the alveolar bone adjacent to the maxillary second molar roots. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of this experiment, estrogen replacement therapy did not delay the progression of induced periodontitis. KEYWORDS: Estradiol; osteoporosis, ovariectomy; periodontal diseases.
Evaluation of dental staining using a dentifrice containing chlorhexidine and zinc acetate. A doble blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rovai Emanuel silva , De Mello Tera Tabata , Carvalho de Marco Andréa , Neves Jardini Maria Aparecida , Pedrine Santamaria Mauro , David Kerbauy Warley 
Published: May 2015

Chlorhexidine is an antiplaque and anti-gingivitis agent that has a well-known efficacy in dentistry. It has been incorporated in toothpastes and when associate with mechanical cleaning, it can improve the biofilm control. The zinc acetate associated with antiseptics attempts to minimize the staining caused by these products and to enhance the effect of the chlorhexidine. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare a dentifrice containing chlorhexidine gluconate associated or not with zinc acetate, as the emergence of extrinsic tooth stain and check if there are still improvements of clinical gingival parameters. For this, 30 volunteers 18-50 years of age, of both sexes, among patients FOSJC / UNESP were enrolled. The volunteers were randomly divided into three groups: CHX+Z, consisting of 10 participants who used a dentifrice with 0.8% chlorhexidine gluconate and zinc acetate 1.16%; CHX group, with 10 participants who used a similar formulation dentifrice but zinc acetate, and the Placebo group also with 10 participants who used a dentifrice formulation similar but without the chlorhexidine and zinc acetate. Patients were assessed at day zero, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days when the indexes of plaque, gingival bleeding and staining were collected. The results showed that by day 60, there was a decrease of both plaque index(PI) and the gingival index(GI) for all groups. Additionally, it was observed that both groups using dentifrice containing chlorhexidine, showed more stain than placebo. The CHX+Z group showed less stain compared to the CHX group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The difference between Placebo and Chlorhexidine Groups was statistically significant (p<0,05) when considered the stain intensity and area plus intensity scores. The CHX+Z group was as efficient in PI and GI reduction as the CHX group.KEYWORDS: Chlorhexidine; Zinc acetate; Staining index; Plaque index; Gingival index.
Incomplete vertical root fracture associated with lateral compaction technique: a microscopic analysis
Authors: Chávez-Andrade Gisselle Moraima 
Published: May 2015

Objective:This study evaluated the effects of root canal obturation employing lateral compaction technique and spreader load of 1.5 kg on the incidence of complete (CVRF) or incomplete vertical root fractures (IVRF). Material and Methods: Twenty-seven distal roots of extracted human mandibular molars were used. All root canals were prepared by biomechanical step-back technique and obturated by lateral compaction technique. The prepared roots were distributed into two groups: G1- experimental (n=17) and G2- control (n=10). During obturation, load of 1.5 kg was applied to a size 30 finger spreader. Pre- and post-obturation images of the coronal portion of the roots were captured by inverted digital microscopy and analyzed by one trained examiner. Data were evaluated by Fisher’s test (p < 0.05) using GrapH Pad Prism 5.0. Results: No roots exhibited CVRF. All fractures observed before and after obturation were IVRF or “other defects”. In G2 (control group), there was no increase of IVRF number. Interestingly, G1 presented an increase in the IVRF number to 70,59% in the 12 teeth out of 17 teeth studied. The statistical analysis showed that the mean of IVRF increased significantly in G1 when compared to G2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The application of a 1.5 kg spreader load during lateral compaction technique does not produce complete vertical root fractures, but may produce incomplete fractures or “other defects”.
Analysis of the volume of autogenous cancellous bone grafts with or without the use of ePTFE membranes in ovariectomized rats.
Authors: Neves Jardini Maria Aparecida , Carvalho De Marco Andrea , Braulino de Melo Filho Antônio , David Kerbauy Warley , Nascimento Rodrigo Dias , Pedrine Santamaria Mauro 
Published: May 2015

Objective: To verify the influence of the osteopeny induced by the bone repairing of the receptor site/autogenous bone graft block interface either associated with or without PTFE-e membrane through the analysis of the trabecular bone volume. Material & Methods: 48 Wistar rats weighing approximately 300 g were submitted to parietal bone graft which was fixed to the lateral wall of the left mandibular ramus. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1: simulated ovariotomy (SHAM) and autogenous bone graft; Group 2: SHAM and autogenous bone graft through PTFE-e membrane recovering; Group 3: ovariotomy (OVZ) and autogenous bone graft; Group 4: OVZ and autogenous bone graft and PTFE-e membrane recovering. The animals of each group were killed at the following periods: 21, 45 and 60 days, comprising 4 animals per group. The pieces were decalcified and included; the cuts were stained with HE and submitted to histological and histomorphometric analysis through light microscopy. Results: ANOVA test showed that the variables accounting for both the condition (OVZ and SHAM) and the period (21,45 and 60 days) were statistically significant; the Tukey test (5%) showed that the period of 21 days was statistically different from 45 and 60 days; however, they were not statistically different between each other. The descriptive histological analysis showed grafting integration in all animals. Conclusion: the process of graft integration with the receptor site was negatively affected by the induced osteopeny presence and presence or absence of PTFE-e membrane did not interfered in the integration process.
Gutta-percha points surface alterations after sodium hypochlorite disinfection
Authors: Brito Selma Maria Santos Moura , Vasconcelos Rafaela Andrade de , Oliveira Simone Helena Gonçalves de 
Published: May 2015

The gutta-percha should be disinfected before the shutter from being a vehicle for microorganisms to periapical tissues. Whereas cones may remain for longer than necessary for the disinfection immersed in disinfectant solutions, evaluated the effect of 1% and 2,5% NaOCl, on the surface morphology of gutta-percha as a function of immersion time. Analyzed by SEM (scanning electron microscope) the surface morphology of 110 gutta-percha main divided into three groups: G1 (control): no disinfection, disinfection in 1% NaOCl for 20 min, 2,5% NaOCl for 10 min; G2 disinfection in 1% NaOCl for 30 min, 6h,12h and 24 h; G3 disinfection in 2,5%NaOCl for 30 min, 6h,12h and 24h. The images were obtained by SEM, the apex of the cones were photographed at 500x and 5000x increased and qualitatively analyzed for the presence of surface changes. The results showed a gradual change in surface morphology of the growing cones with increasing concentration of NaOCl and immersion time. The controls group (G1) showed minimal change in surface cones. It is conclude that by increasing the concentration of NaOCl solution and immersion time of gutta-percha increasing changes occur on the outer surface of the cone.Keywords: Disinfection, Endodontics, Gutta-percha, Sodium hypochlorite
Analysis of flexural strength of a self cured acrylic resin used for fabricating provisional restorations with three different types of reinforcements
Authors: Olivieri Karina Andrea Novaes , Costa Ubirajara Viana , Miranda Milton Edson , Teixeira Marcelo Lucchesi , Fonseca Johnson Campideli 
Published: May 2015

Objective: To evaluate the effect of three different types of reinforcements on the flexural strength of a chemically activated acrylic resin.Materials and Methods: A Universal test machine EMIC 2000 was used at a speed of 5mm/min., to evaluate the flexural strength of 40 test specimens (65mm X 10mm X 3mm) fabricated of chemically activated acrylic resin, distributed into the following four groups: (1) control – without reinforcement; (2) reinforced with 0.7mm stainless steel orthodontic wire; (3) reinforced with Fibrex-lab® glass fiber and; (4) reinforced with Perma-Fiber®glass fiber.Results: The following flexural strength values were obtained: Group 1 – 80.60 MPa; Group 2 – 95.96 MPa; Group 3 – 105.70 MPa; and Group 4 – 108.70 MPa. The analysis of variance (p < 0.05) showed significant difference among the groups and the Tukey test showed that the control group presented the worst behavior, followed by reinforcement with metal wire, which showed statistically similar results to those of Group 3, with no difference shown between the fiber groups.Conclusion: Reinforcement with glass fibers present better flexural strength in comparison with the other methods.
Cuspal deflection of directly or indirectly restored teeth
Authors: Rocha Daniel Maranha da , Silva João Maurício Ferraz da , May Liliana Gressler , Araújo Maria Amélia Máximo , Di Nicoló Rebeca , Rocha João Carlos 
Published: May 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluatethe cuspal deflection of teeth restored directlyand indirectly. Material and Methods: Fortysound maxillary premolar teeth were restoredwith composite and different base materials. Widemesial-occlusal-distal cavity preparations wereperformed, with isthmus width of one third of thedistance between the cuspal tips, 3 mm occlusaland a 5 mm interproximal preparation height. Theteeth were divided into 4 groups (n = 10), accordingto the restoration type: G1) GIC-DCR (1 mm glassionomer cement base and direct restoration usingnanoparticulate composite); G2) FL-DCR (1 mm baseof flowable composite resin and direct restorationusing nanoparticulate composite); G3) GIC-ICR(1 mm glass ionomer cement base and indirectrestoration using nanoparticulate composite GICbase); G4) FL-ICR (1 mm base of flowable compositeresin and indirect restoration using nanoparticulatecomposite). The specimens were submitted tocompressive load of 50 N on the buccal and lingualcusps, in a universal testing machine. The lingualcusp microstrain (??) measurements were executedby strain gauges. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis (5%)test was used and showed there were no significantdifferences among the microstrain values for the fourstudy groups (G1 = 1250; G2 = 1075; G3 = 1279;G4 = 937). Conclusion: It could be concluded thatthe restorative techniques and the bases employeddid not show any influences in cuspal deflection.KeywordsBase materials; Cuspal defection; Composite resin; Direct restoration; Indirect restoration.
In vitro evaluation of marginal leakage at enamel and dentin treated by different laser densities
Authors: Aveiro Rafael Zacatei , Yui Karen Cristina Kazue , Da Silva Tânia Mara , Gonçalves Lucélia Lemes , Esteves Stella Renata Machado Silva , Gonçalves Sérgio Eduardo de Paiva 
Published: May 2015

Objectives: To evaluate “in vitro” the degree of marginal leakage in class V cavities irradiated with Nd:YAG laser onto enamel and dentin pretreated with bonding system (Single Bond, 3M ESPE) without light-curing. Material & Methods: Class V cavities were performed and standardized in 60 bovine incisors. After the acid etching, the teeth were divided into three groups: G1 – Application of bonding system, irradiation with Nd:YAG laser at 140 mJ/pulse without light-curing. G2 – Application of bonding system, irradiation with Nd:YAG laser at 200 mJ/pulse without light-curing. Group C - Application of bonding system and light-curing. Next, resin composite restorations were executed and thermocycled at alternated baths from 2 to 50 ºC (± 2 ºC), totalizing 500 cycles. To assess the microleakage, the teeth were submersed into 50% silver nitrate solution for 24 h, cut at 1 mm of thickness and analyzed through stereoscopy. The following leakage criterion scores were employed: 0 – none leakage; 1 – gingival or incisal wall; 2 – axial wall towards the pulp. Results : It was observed a high leakage frequency with score 1 among the experimental conditions. There was a higher predominance of score 2 leakage for control group at cementum. Concerning to enamel and cementum, Group C was similar to G1. By comparing control group with G2, and G1 with G2, it was verified statistically significant differences. Conclusion: The laser energy provided a reduction of the marginal leakage at enamel and dentin/ cementum; however, the energy density increase resulted in smaller marginal leakage at enamel and dentin/cementum.KeywordsNd-YAG Laser; Energy; Marginal leakage; Enamel; Dentin.
Unilateral Gingival Fibromatosis: a case report
Authors: Patussi Cleverson , Ramos Caroline Beatrice , Sassi Laurindo Moacir , Pedruzzi Paola Andréia G. , Ramos Gyl Henrique Albrecht 
Published: May 2015

The gingival fibromatosis is a slow and progressive benign proliferation, which affects the gingival tissues. It may present a genetic inheritance and association with some syndromes. There are conservative and radical treatments, ranging from hygiene care to bloc resection of the affected bone. This case scenario is a 07 year-old child, who presented a nodular unilateral hyperplastic lesion in the right mandible, with sessile base and approximately 5 cm in its largest diameter. The patient presented difficulty of lip closure and slight swelling in the right area of the face. The tomographic image showed infiltration in buccal and lingual cortical of right mandible and tooth displacement. After lesion removal, the histopathologic diagnosis of fibromatosis was confirmed, with no relapse after 20 months of follow-up.
Microtensile bond strength to Er:YAG laser pretreated dentin
Authors: Da Graça Lopes Roberta Marques , Steiner-Oliveira Carolina , Aranha Ana Cecília Côrrea , Castellan Carina Strano , Bello-Silva Marina Stella , Dias Vieira Júnior Nilson , De Paula Eduardo Carlos 
Published: May 2015

Objective: Although the effects of Er:YAG (erbium:yttrium aluminium garnet) laser on cavity preparation as well as on dentin bonding to composite have been described in the literature, the longevity of this bond is still unknown. So, this study evaluated the short-term microtensile bond strength to dentin samples after different protocols of surface treatment. Materials and Methods: 60 bovine incisors were cleaned, worn to expose a dentin area and subdivided into groups according to treatment conditions: surface treatment (no irradiation – control group; dentin irradiation with Er:YAG laser 250 mJ/4 Hz; 160 mJ/10 Hz), adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond - Kuraray; Adper Single Bond 2 - 3M/ESPE), and storage time (24 h; 90 days). After adhesive procedures, a block of Z250 composite resin (3M/ESPE) was built-up on each tooth. The teeth were sectioned to obtain samples for the microtensile bond strength test. Half of the samples were tested 24 h after cutting, and the other half were stored in distilled water for 90 days before testing. Intergroup analysis was also performed considering the same variables using ANOVA for multiple comparisons with Tukey test with a significance level of 5%. Data showed weaker bond strength for groups previously treated with laser (p < 0.05) compared with control groups, and these were not influenced by adhesive system used, nor by storage period. Stereoscopic microscope observations showed that fractures occurred predominantly at the adhesive interface in the groups irradiated with the Er:YAG laser. Conclusion: Within the parameters and variables used in this study, the Er:YAG laser could not provide an additional improvement in dentin-resin bond strength, irrespective of the type of adhesive system used or the storage period evaluated. KEYWORDSAdhesive systems; Er:YAG laser; Microtensile bond strength.
Investigation of virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated in secondary/ persistent infections
Authors: Xavier Ana Claudia C. , Martinho Frederico Canato , Camões Izabel C.G. , Freitas Lilian F. 
Published: May 2015

Objective: More virulent strains may result from the acquisition of genes by genetic exchange, pathogenicity islands in several species encoding toxins, adhesion factors and other factors associated with virulence. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of E. faecalis strains in secondary endodontic/ persistent using endodontic infection by culture and PCR technqiues; and to investigate for the presence of virulence factor genes of gelatinase (gelE), cytolysin activator (Cyla), surface adhesin of Enterococcus (ESP) and collagen adhesin of Enterococcus (ACE). Material and methods: Microbial samples were obtained from 12 teeth with secondary/ persistent endodontic infection showing apical periodontitis. Culture techniques were used including serial dilution, plating, incubation, and biochemical identification. For PCR detection, samples were analyzed using a species-specific primer of the 16S rDNA and the downstream intergenic spacer region. Results: Culture and PCR detected the test species in 3/12 (25%) and 5/12 (41.6%) of teeth, respectively. A total of 38 Enterococcus faecalis strains were isolated and submitted to the virulence factor genes analysis. PCR products consistent with genes encoding surface adhesion (ESP), gelatinase (gelE) and collagen binding antigen (ACE) were found in 26/38 (68%), 31/38 (81%) and 38/38 (100%) of the isolates. The Cytolysin activator (Cyla) gene was not recovered from E. faecalis isolates. Conclusions: In conclusion, the present study revealed by culture and molecular methods revealed a high prevalence of E. faecalis in teeth with secondary/ persistent endodontic infection. Moreover, of a clinical relevance, we found different E. faecalis strains carrying different virulence determinants.KEYWORDS Bacteria; E. faecalis; Root canal, virulence.
Evaluation of the antifungal activity of plant extracts and oral antiseptics against Candida albicans
Authors: Balliana Roberta Carvalho Sthel , Jamal Cláudia Masrouah , Maifrede Simone Bravim , Araújo Mariceli Lamas de 
Published: May 2015

Objective: Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infection of the oral cavity, and Candida albicans is the most frequently isolated species. Material and Methods: In this study, the potential antifungal effect of extracts from Gossypium hirsutum L., Arctium lappa, Equisetum sp., Cecropia pachystachya Trécul and Pogostemon heyneanus plants were evaluated on non-adhered cells of C. albicans, and the effect of oral antiseptics A (cetylpyridinium chloride 0.500 mg), B (chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12%), C (hydrogen peroxide 1.5%) and D (thymol, eucalyptol, menthol and methyl salicylate) were evaluated on non-adhered cells and biofilms of C. albicans, using turbidimetry and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts and the maximal inhibitory dilution (MID) of the antiseptics. Results: The most promising results on non-adhered cells were obtained with Cecropia pachystachyaTrécul extracts, with MIC values between 7.81 and 3.91 µg/mL. Antiseptics A and B showed the lowest MID values, between 0.20 and 0.10% (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.0001). Regarding biofilm inhibition, the MID values found were similar for the tested antiseptics, varying from 50% to 0.20% (Kruskal-Wallis, p=0.6915). Conclusion: These results show that some plant extracts has potential use in the prevention and treatment of oral candidiasis.