bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relevance of Scapular Dysfunction in Neck Pain: A Brief Commentary
Authors: Cagnie Barbara , Struyf Filip , Cools Ann , Castelein Birgit , Danneels Lieven , O'leary Shaun 
Published: May 2014

Synopsis Though our understanding of motor disorders and mechanical neck pain has advanced, the role of scapular dysfunction in mechanical neck pain remains enigmatic. The biomechanical interdependence between the neck and scapula and the potentially deleterious consequences of scapular dysfunction in the cervical region are biomechanically plausible. Yet the relevance of observed scapular dysfunction in patients with neck pain is still inadequately explained by research. However, studies investigating the association between scapular function and neck pain are beginning to emerge. The purpose of this paper was to review the current knowledge of this topic and consider the implications for clinical practice. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 5. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(6):435–439. Epub 10 May 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.5038
Recommendations for Physical Therapists on the Treatment of Lumbopelvic Pain During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: van Benten Esther , Pool Jan , Mens Jan , Pool-Goudzwaard Annelies 
Published: May 2014

Study Design Systematic review of the literature. Objectives To review and assess the peer-reviewed literature on the effectiveness of physical therapy interventions in treating lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy. Background Current guidelines on interventions for lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy differ in their recommendations for assessment and intervention. Recent publications may allow revising current recommendations for the treatment of this complex problem. Methods An electronic search strategy was conducted in PubMed, PEDro, Scopus, and CINAHL of literature published from January 1992 to November 2013. Two authors independently assessed all abstracts for eligibility. Articles were independently rated for quality by 2 authors, using the Cochrane Back Review Group criteria for methodological quality. Where possible, effect sizes were calculated for the different interventions. Results A total of 22 articles (all randomized controlled trials) reporting on 22 independent studies were included. Overall, the methodological quality of the studies was moderate. Data for 4 types of interventions were considered: a combination of interventions (7 studies, n = 1202), exercise therapy (9 studies, n = 2149), manual therapy (5 studies, n = 360), and material support (1 study, n = 115). Conclusion All included studies on exercise therapy, and most of the studies on interventions combined with patient education, reported a positive effect on pain, disability, and/or sick leave. Evidence-based recommendations can be made for the use of exercise therapy for the treatment of lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1a-. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(7):464–473. Epub 10 May 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.5098
Ulnar Nerve Neurodynamic Test: Study of the Normal Sensory Response in Asymptomatic Individuals
Authors: Martínez Maria Dolores Arguisuelas , Cubas Carlos López , Girbés Enrique Lluch 
Published: May 2014

Study Design Cross-sectional study. Objectives To describe and analyze normal sensory responses to the ulnar upper-limb neurodynamic test (ULNT3) and to investigate the influence of sex and arm dominance. Background Neurodynamic tests are commonly used in the clinical evaluation of patients with musculoskeletal pain disorders. While the normal responses of other upper-limb neurodynamic tests have been previously investigated, there are no studies that have reported the normal responses for the ULNT3. Methods A total of 68 asymptomatic individuals between 18 and 50 years of age volunteered to participate in the study. Of these, 57 (29 women, 28 men) were eligible for the study. The variables measured were pain intensity using a numeric rating scale, shoulder abduction angle, and quality and distribution of symptoms at the point of pain tolerance of the ULNT3. Results There were statistically significant differences in pain intensity and shoulder abduction angle between the sexes, with women having higher perceived pain and lower shoulder angle than men (P<.05). There was a significant difference of 6.6° (95% confidence interval: 1.1°, 12.1°) in shoulder abduction angle during the ULNT3 (P<.05) between the dominant arm and nondominant arm. The symptoms most often described during application of the ULNT3 were stretching (90%), followed by pain, and the most frequent location of symptoms was the anteromedial half of the forearm. Conclusion The results of this study provide the normal shoulder abduction angle and quality and distribution of symptoms for the ULNT3. These data can be used by clinicians as a reference when using the ULNT3 in their clinical reasoning and decision making. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(6):450–456. Epub 10 May 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.5207
Salmonella Surrogate Reduction Using Industrial Peanut Dry Roasting Parameters
Authors: Poirier D. , Sanders T. H. , Davis J. P. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
Studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of industrial peanut dry roasting parameters in Salmonella reduction using a Salmonella surrogate, Enterococcus faecium, which is slightly more heat tolerant than Salmonella. Runner-type peanuts were inoculated with E. faecium and roasted in a laboratory scale roaster simulator in which temperature, airflow, airflow direction and bed depth were highly controlled, allowing for conditions that duplicate industrial dry roasting. Temperature data were collected at the top, middle and bottom of the roasting bed in addition to internal peanut temperature via thermocouples in the bed of peanuts and embedded in a peanut. Regardless of roast conditions, peanuts in the middle of the roasting bed received the least amount of heat and hence, represent the worst case scenario for microbial reduction. E. faecium reductions, reported as the logarithm of colony forming units/g (log CFU/g), followed a linear trend with increasing roasting time when peanuts were roasted at 149, 163, and 177 C, with &gt; 5-log CFU/g reductions occurring at the middle of the peanut bed after 21, 15 and 11 min, respectively, at a bed depth of 75 mm and an air flow of 1.3 m/s. Increased air flow increased E. faecium reduction. At 16 min roast time and a 75 mm bed depth, reduction at the middle of the bed was ≤ 3-log CFU/g at 1 m/s and &gt; 5-log CFU/g at 1.3 m/s. When all other roast parameters were held constant, decreasing bed depth also increased reduction of E. faecium in the middle of the bed. Comparing various samples roasted at 149, 163 and 177 C over a range of times, roast color (Hunter L-value) was positively correlated (R2  =  0.73) with the log reduction of E. faecium. Most peanuts with an L-value darker than 53, a common threshold for light roast had ≥ 5-log CFU/g reductions; however, further study is required, including roasting peanuts from different origins and maturity, to fully understand the implications of roast color development and microbial reduction. This work provides valuable practical information for manufacturers of roasted peanuts when validating Salmonella reductions under a particular set of roasting parameters.
Diagnostic accuracy of intraocular pressure measurement for the detection of raised intracranial pressure: meta-analysis
Authors: Yavin Daniel , Luu Judy , James Matthew T. , Roberts Derek J. , Sutherland Garnette R. , Jette Nathalie , Wiebe Samuel 
Published: May 2014

Object
Because clinical examination and imaging may be unreliable indicators of intracranial hypertension, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement has been proposed as a noninvasive method of diagnosis. The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the correlation between IOP and intracranial pressure (ICP) and the diagnostic accuracy of IOP measurement for detection of intracranial hypertension.

Methods
The authors searched bibliographic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from 1950 to March 2013, references of included studies, and conference abstracts for studies comparing IOP and invasive ICP measurement. Two independent reviewers screened abstracts, reviewed full-text articles, and extracted data. Correlation coefficients, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated using DerSimonian and Laird methods and bivariate random effects models. The I2 statistic was used as a measure of heterogeneity.

Results
Among 355 identified citations, 12 studies that enrolled 546 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled correlation coefficient between IOP and ICP was 0.44 (95% CI 0.26–0.63, I2 = 97.7%, p < 0.001). The summary sensitivity and specificity for IOP for diagnosing intracranial hypertension were 81% (95% CI 26%–98%, I2 = 95.2%, p < 0.01) and 95% (95% CI 43%–100%, I2 = 97.7%, p < 0.01), respectively. The summary positive and negative likelihood ratios were 14.8 (95% CI 0.5–417.7) and 0.2 (95% CI 0.02–1.7), respectively. When ICP and IOP measurements were taken within 1 hour of another, correlation between the measures improved.

Conclusions
Although a modest aggregate correlation was found between IOP and ICP, the pooled diagnostic accuracy suggests that IOP measurement may be of clinical utility in the detection of intracranial hypertension. Given the significant heterogeneity between included studies, further investigation is required prior to the adoption of IOP in the evaluation of intracranial hypertension into routine practice.
Proposer des révisions intersessions aux étudiants de 1 re année : quelles relations avec la réussite aux examens ?
Authors: Perret Cathy , Berthaud Julien , Pichon Laurent 
Published: May 2014

Cet article examine un programme de révisions proposé aux étudiants en échec entre les différentes sessions d’examens dans le cadre du plan Réussite en Licence en 1 re année à l’Université de Bourgogne, tant du point de vue de la participation étudiante que de ses liens avec la réussite aux examens. La faible participation des étudiants n’est pas associée à des profils d’étudiants singuliers. L’examen du devenir des étudiants montre que la participation à des révisions intersessions s’accompagne d’une diminution des risques d’abandon lors de la seconde session d’examens, d’une amélioration de la réussite mais seulement en ce qui concerne les examens du second semestre et suggère également l’existence d’effets à moyen terme pour les étudiants redoublants. Par ailleurs, des effets différenciés transparaissent selon les profils des étudiants : les filles, les bacheliers scientifiques et les étudiants ayant déjà une expérience universitaire tirent davantage profit de ce programme que les autres.
Extending Corneal Storage With 2.5% Chondroitin Sulfate (K-Sol)
Authors: Keates Richard H , Rabin Barry 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
K-SoI"' corneal storage medium maintains corneal viability for at least ten days, compared with McCareyKaufman (M-K) medium, which does so for a reported maximum of three days. Since many eye banks still use M-K medium exclusively, stored corneas must be used without undue delay, and shipping time further hastens the planned surgery time. Transferring the shipped M-K medium-stored cornea to K-SoI offers a simple way of increasing storage time in our eye bank. Ninety-five out of 100 transferred corneas (95%) remained clear 3 to 18 months postoperatively. There were no primary graft failures, and transferred corneal mates were clear.
A comparable series of 100 corneas stored in M-K medium alone, or in K-SoI alone, were clear in 93% and 97% of the transplants. Analysis of donor rims after keratoplasty indicated statistically significantly more endothelial cell loss during storage in corneas transferred to K-SoI compared with 18 corneas preserved only in M-K medium for a similar length of time. There was no statistical significance between the transferred group and the group preserved in only K-SoI.
Transferring M-K medium stored corneas to K-SoI medium may be a useful means of extending corneal storage time, resulting in improved tissue utilization.
Social Influences towards Conformism in Economic Experiments
Authors: Hargreaves Heap Shaun P. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper reviews some of the economic experimental evidence on conformism. There is nothing to match the early psychology experiments where subjects were often swayed by the behaviour of others to an extraordinary degree, but there is plenty of evidence of conformism. This seems built-in to our sociality either because we have preferences for conversation or status which are activated by the knowledge of what others do, or because other people face relevantly similar decisions to our own and so that their behaviour signals something useful to us about the uncertain world. These social influences can cause mischief. The more worrying cases, however, are those where individual preferences themselves change through interaction with others: the strongest experimental evidence for this is with respect to individual social preferences, particularly in a context where individuals belong to different groups.
Oxygation Improves Yield and Quality and Minimizes Internal Fruit Crack of Cucurbits on a Heavy Clay Soil in the Semi-arid Tropics
Authors: Bhattarai Surya , Dhungel Jay , Midmore David 
Published: May 2014

This study evaluated the effects of aerated irrigation water (oxygation) with subsurface drip irrigation, employing an in-line air injector (Mazzei venturi to introduce 12% air by volume of water) on yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) and pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) in a heavy clay soil. The fruit yield with oxygation increased from 14.5 t ha-1 to 24.6 t ha-1, and 26.3 t ha-1 to 28.9 t ha-1, for watermelon and pumpkin, respectively. The total soluble solids (ºBrix) increased by 19% with oxygation (13.2 vs. 11.1%), and internal fruit crack decreased for watermelon, whereas fruit dry matter increased by 4% (40 vs. 38.4%) and ºBrix by 7% (13.7 vs. 12.8%) in pumpkin. Season long water use efficiency was greater with oxygation compared to the control. The higher yield with oxygation was associated with a more rapid canopy cover, more leaf chlorophyll, and an increase in leaf photosynthetic rate, and leaf transpiration and increase in fruit number and size.
Assessment of Selected Pea Genotypes Reaction to Ascochyta Blight under Field Conditions and the Impact of Disease Severity on Yield Components
Authors: BOROS Lech , Marcinkowska Joanna 
Published: May 2014

The response of pea (Pisum sativum) genotypes to ascochyta blight disease and the effect of disease severity on yield components were evaluated in a 4-year trial under field conditions. Peas were inoculated with Ascochyta pinodes, the anamorph of Mycosphaerella pinodes, or with Phoma pinodella separately and with a mixture of both species. Mean infection ratings of all inoculation treatments were significantly higher compared to controls, with the highest infection for inoculation with A. pinodes. Pea genotypes significantly differed for ascochyta blight severity. The differences in extent of infection of the least and the most infected genotypes were quite consistent throughout the study. Frequencies of A. pinodes and P. pinodella isolated from diseased leaf fragments of ten pea genotypes depended on growing season. Deleterious effects of the inoculation with Ascochyta, Phoma and Ascochyta+Phoma treatments on all evaluated agronomic parameters were observed. Greater lodging of plants in all fungi-inoculated treatments was noticed. Inoculated plants revealed decreased seed yield components as follows: number of pods and seed per plant was reduced from 12% to 19% and from 18,5 to 22%, respectively. Seed weight per plant decreased from 18% to 27,7% in comparison with controls. There were also quite large differences between pea genotypes in reduction of all yield components.
САЙХАН-ОВООГИЙН НҮҮРСНИЙ ШИНЖ ЧАНАР БА ПИРОЛИЗЫН СУДАЛГАА
Authors: Даваажав Я. , Пүрэвсүрэн Б. , Серикжан X. , Батбилэг C. , Ууганжаргал Э. 
Published: May 2014

Манай орон нүүрсний арвин их нєєцтэй бєгєєд зарим ордуудын нүүрсний судалгаа нэлээд єргєн хүрээтэй хийгдсэн байдаг. Харин Сайхан-Овоогийн ордын нүүрс нь тєдийлєн судлагдаагүй учир энэ ордын нүүрсийг судалгааны обьектоор сонгон авч нүүрсний техникийн шинж чанарын үзүүлэлтүүдийг тодорхойлж, нүүрсэн дэх хүхрийн хэлбэрүүдийг тогтоон, пиролизын бүтээгдэхүүний гарц, хатуу үлдэгдэл дэх хүхрийн хэлбэрүүдийн агуулга, шингээх, шүүх чадвар зэргийг судлан тогтоолоо. Мєн нүүрсний бүтэц, үнсний макро, микро элементүүдийг нил улаан туяаны спектрометр, рентген флуоренценцийн спектрометрээр тодорхойлов. Түлхүүр үг: Нүүрс, Пиролиз, Идэвхжүүлэлт, Ерєнхий хүхэр, эрдэс бүрэлдэхүүн Investigation on Characterization and Pyrolysis of Coal from Saikhan-Ovoo Deposit Have been determined main technical characteristics of coal from Saikhan-Ovoo deposits: moisture Wa-2.24%, ash, Aa-10.56%, volatile matter, Vdaf-8.17% caloric value, Qo- 8052 ккal/kg, and sulfure content Satotal-0.35%, SaSO4-0.0 13%, SaS-0.018%, Saorganic-0.32%.Saikhan-Ovoo coal was tested by pyrolysis experiments and determined yields of pyrolysis hard residue-90.8%, tar and water-5.3%, and gases-3.8%.The pyrolysis hard residue had been activated by steam and the adsorbing was ability increased which measured with iodine and methyleneblue.The X-ray and analysis of coal ash showed that ash has alkaline character.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i1.62Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2010 No.1 pp.3-17
Developing relational understandings of water through collaboration with indigenous knowledges
Authors: Somerville Margaret 
Published: May 2014

Scholars around the world are increasingly taking up the imperative of the Anthropocene to develop new epistemologies beyond the nature culture binary in order to address escalating planetary problems. Water is one of the most urgent and extreme cases of global resource depletion and the failure of development to recognize the significance of indigenous water knowledges is cited as fundamental to this dire situation. In Australia, a thirteen year drought that threatened the survival of the Murray–Darling system was believed to be related to changing climatic conditions in the global south and intimately connected to the increasing impact of human species on planetary systems. Natural resource managers in Australia have a history of failing to incorporate Aboriginal knowledges into decisions about the management of water. This article explores how a collaborative study of water with five Indigenous artists in Australia's Murray–Darling basin can contribute to the development of new epistemologies of water. It identifies the possibilities of thinking through Australian Aboriginal concepts of Country for a contemporary methodology of water based on traditional epistemologies in which human and ecological systems are conceptualised as one. The methodology of thinking through Country was developed in multimodal forms including paintings, translations from Aboriginal languages, and oral explanations assembled in digital format. This methodology allowed shared contemporary understandings to emerge in the space between Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal knowledge of water. Examples of art forms and stories reveal intimate local ecological knowledge of water embedded in contemporary cultural forms and languages. WIREs Water 2014, 1:401–411. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1030This article is categorized under:

Human Water > Value of Water
Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
A comparative study of the use of selective digestive decontamination prophylaxis in living‐donor liver transplant recipients
Authors: Katchman E. , Marquez M. , Bazerbachi F. , Grant D. , Cattral M. , Low C.Y. , Renner E. , Humar A. , Selzner M. , Ghanekar A. , Rotstein C. , Husain S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIntroductionBacterial infections are major causes of early morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation. Selective digestive decontamination (SDD) can be used pre‐operatively for living‐donor liver transplant (LD‐LT), but its role in this setting remains controversial.MethodsTo evaluate this strategy, we retrospectively analyzed a cohort of consecutive LD‐LTs performed in our center from March 2007 to February 2011 and compared the incidence and nature of early infectious complications, length of intensive care unit stay and hospitalization, antibiotic use, and emergence of resistant bacteria in patients with or without SDD prophylaxis.ResultsOf 148 LD‐LTs in the study period, 111 received SDD prophylaxis while 37 did not. In a multivariate model, the independent factors associated with an increased risk of early post‐transplant infections were length of postoperative mechanical ventilation (for every additional day odds ratio [OR] = 2.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–4.0; P = 0.002), and choledochojejunostomy (OR = 4.5, 95% CI 1.95–10.5; P < 0.001). Use of SDD did not affect the rate or distribution of infectious complications, duration of hospitalization, antibiotic use, or acquisition of resistant bacteria (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 0.43–15.17; P = 0.376).ConclusionIn conclusion, the use of SDD prophylaxis in LD‐LT was not beneficial and should be avoided, as it offers no advantage and could potentiate the emergence of multidrug‐resistant organisms.
What motivates women?: following the PMTCT programme in Namibia
Authors: Nashandi Hilde K , Iipinge Scholastika Ndatinda , Hofnie Kathe 
Published: May 2014

The objectives of the study were to determine the profile of mothers who join the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programme and to describe the factors that motivate or de-motivate the mothers to stick to or drop out of the PMTCT programme. Qualitative and quantitative research designs were used with exploratory and descriptive strategies. The study population included all the HIV/AIDS-positive mothers registered with the PMTCT programme at Katutura State Hospital and who delivered at the same hospital between March 2002 and December 2003. A total of 30 mothers were conveniently selected and interviewed as they came for their follow-up visits. A questionnaire was used for the data collection. In-depth interview was conducted with two cases (both mothers who did not keep to the follow-up visits given). The results show that factors motivating mothers to stick to the programme included the health of their children, ensuring they stand a chance of receiving antiretroviral treatment and wanting their children to live longer. Factors identified as de-motivating mothers included family members who are still in denial that HIV/AIDS exists, stigma attached to people living with the disease, financial problems and domestic violence. All mothers stated that the counselling and education given during antenatal care influenced their decision about whether to adhere to the programme. Most of the respondents stated that the support groups available for HIV/AIDS-infected persons are few, and there is no proper channel of communication and referral between the hospital and these groups. The researchers concluded that the factors influencing the adherence of mothers to the follow-up visits are both sociocultural and health related. The Ministry of Health and Social Services also needs to formalize the referral system with all local organizations working in the HIV/AIDS areas.