bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kesterite Films Processed with Organic Solvents: Unveiling the Impact of Carbon‐Rich Fine‐Grain‐Layer Formation on Solar‐Cell Performance
Authors: Javed Ahmed , Donmez Doguscan , Jones Michael D. K. , Qu Yongtao , Gunbas Gorkem , Yerci Selcuk 
Published: June 2024

Solution‐processed kesterite (copper zinc tin sulfide [CZTS]) solar cells attract significant attention owing to their low cost, ease of large‐scale production, and earth‐abundant elemental composition, which make these devices promising to fulfill the ever‐increasing demand of the photovoltaic (PV) industry. Compared to the performances of expensive vacuum‐based techniques, colloidal nanocrystal kesterite solar cells garner substantial interest due to their economical and rapid processing. Led by the hot‐injection method, organic solvent‐based techniques are widely adopted to realize CZTS nanocrystal inks. With organic solvents, ligand‐stabilized nanoparticles are formed leading to dispersive and homogenous kesterite inks. However, the presence of carbon‐rich ligands around the nanocrystal surface often leads to the formation of a fine‐grain layer that is rich in carbon content. The organic ligands decompose into amorphous carbon residues during a high‐temperature annealing process and hinder the grain growth process. The carbon‐rich fine‐grain (CRFG) layer generally poses a negative influence on the PV performance of the kesterite solar cell; however, few reports maintain their disposition about CRFG as innocuous. In this review study, a detailed discussion on CRFG is presented, aiming to understand the insights about its formation and impact on the device's performance.
Energy‐saving hydrogen production by heteroatom modulations coupling urea electrooxidation
Authors: Lu Shun , Zheng Xingqun , Wang Haoqi , Wang Chuan , Akinlabi Esther , Xu Ben Bin , Yang Xiaohui , Hua Qingsong , Liu Hong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeveloping efficient electrocatalysts with low‐cost for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is a significant challenge in energy‐saving H2 production owing to its lower thermodynamic potential. Heteroatom incorporation strategy has been proven to boost electrocatalytic activity by altering electronic structures and revealing more active sites on catalysts. Herein, nickel hydroxide nanosheets with various vanadium incorporation (Vx‐Ni(OH)2) were developed through a facile hydrothermal approach. By optimizing the incorporated vanadium contents, V6‐Ni(OH)2 catalyst exhibited easily accessible active sites and enhanced charge transfer with structural advantages, then assembled as the working electrode for urea‐assisted H2 production. Consequently, V6‐Ni(OH)2 catalyst demonstrated superior UOR activity compared with other incorporated samples with an overpotential of 1.33 V and a Tafel slope of 28.3 mV dec−1. Theoretical calculations revealed that the improved UOR activity was attributed to the potential determining step of V‐Ni(OH)2, which exhibited lower energy in comparison with the pristine Ni(OH)2 and increased electronic states density near the Fermi level. Both experimental and theoretical calculations confirmed vanadium incorporation on Ni(OH)2 could modify the electronic structure of Ni(III) species, improving electrical conductivity, and optimizing the adsorption energy for key reaction intermediates. Furthermore, the crucial contribution of vanadium incorporation with optimized electronic structures to the high UOR activity of Ni(OH)2 is demonstrated.image
Inequality of opportunity in the double burden of malnutrition in Mexico
Authors: Salas‐Ortiz Andrea , Jones Andrew M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a pseudo‐birth‐cohort approach to deal with a lack of longitudinal data to measure health inequities over time. Using Roemer's framework for inequality of opportunity, this study measures ex‐ante and ex‐post inequalities in malnutrition, a concept that spans both sides of the nutrition continuum. The total contribution of observed circumstances and the direct contribution of observed efforts to the variation of malnutrition are disentangled for people born between 1983 and 1988 in Mexico. Results indicate that inequality of opportunity has been persistent across this 30‐year lifespan for that cohort. Some evidence suggests that a lack of opportunities has been transmitted from parents to children and that people's circumstances account for most of the explained variation in the double burden of malnutrition. However, stratifying the analysis by sex shows that efforts account for more of the explained variation of inequality of opportunity for women in their middle adulthood than for men in most of the outcomes analyzed.
Does cleavage‐ versus blastocyst‐stage embryo transfer improve fertility rates in women over 38 years of age undergoing assisted reproductive technology?
Authors: Giladi Yacobi Eytan , Miller Netanella , Gepstein Nitzan Goren , Mashiach Jordana , Herzberger Einat Haikin , Levi Mattan , Ghetler Yehudith , Wiser Amir 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether extending embryo culture to day 5 (D5) affects pregnancy rates in women older than 38 years undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).MethodsThis retrospective, observational cohort study included data from fresh IVF cycles of women over 38 years, during 2011–2021. The cohort was divided according to day 3 (D3) versus D5 embryo transfer (ET).ResultsA total of 346 patients (ages 38–45 years) who underwent 496 IVF cycles were included, each yielding one to six embryos. A total of 374 (75%) fresh D3 ETs were compared with 122 (25%) D5 ETs. Demographically, there were more nulliparas in the D3 group (189 [50.9%] vs 47 [38.8%], P = 0.021). Higher gonadotropin dosage was used (3512 ± 1346 vs 3233 ± 1212 IU, P = 0.045) and lower maximum estradiol levels were reached in the D3 group (1129 ± 685 vs 1432 ± 708 pg/mL, P = 0.002). Thirty‐three (27%) of the D5 cycles resulted in transfer cancelation due to failure of blastocyst formation (P = 0.001). However, clinical pregnancy rates (P = 0.958), live birth rates (P = 0.988), and miscarriage rates (P = 0.710) did not differ between D3 and D5 ETs. Multivariable logistic regression for clinical pregnancy rate showed that day of transfer did not have a significant effect on the odds (P = 0.376), but maternal age (P = 0.001) and number of retrieved oocytes (P = 0.009) were significant variables.ConclusionsIn older women, culturing embryos to blastocyst stage can decrease invalid ETs without reducing pregnancy rates. Cancelation rates are higher but it may avoid interventions and conserve valuable time.
The impact of yield curve control under different regimes on Japanese Government bonds and swap markets in the super long term
Authors: Ito Takayasu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractJapanese Government Bonds (JGBs) and swap markets in the maturities of 10, 15, 20, and 30 years increased in volatility volatilities after the Bank of Japan (BOJ) expanded the upper limit of yield curve control (YCC) from .2% to .25% on March 19, 2021. The entire sample period is divided in half. Market segmentation is observed between JGB and swap markets in the first half of the YCC. They are integrated except for the maturity of 10 years in the second half of the YCC. In other words, arbitrage works between two markets. After the BOJ expanded the upper limit of the YCC to .25%, structural change occurred in the super long term in relation to JGB and swap markets. The decision by the BOJ has contributed to the normalization of the market function because there has been more room for the benchmark JGB yield of 10 years to move more actively.
Comparison of lung ultrasound assisted by artificial intelligence to radiology examination in pneumothorax
Authors: Yang Chengdi , Zhao Huijing , Wang Anqi , Li Jian , Gao Jianling 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundLung ultrasound can evaluate for pneumothorax but the accuracy of diagnosis depends on experience among physicians. This study aimed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of intelligent lung ultrasound in comparison with chest x‐ray, employing chest computed tomography (CT) as the gold standard for diagnosis of pneumothorax in critical ill patients.MethodsThis prospective, observational study included 75 dyspnea patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2021 to April 2023. Lung ultrasound images were collected using BLUE‐plus protocol and analyzed by artificial intelligence software to identify the pleural line, with CT results serving as the gold standard for diagnosis. Pneumothorax was diagnosed based on either the disappearance of pleural slip sign or identification of lung point. Additionally, chest x‐ray images and diagnostic results were also obtained during the same period for comparison.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity of intelligent lung ultrasound in diagnosing pneumothorax were 79.4% and 85.4%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of x‐ray diagnosis were 82.4% and 80.5%. Additionally, the diagnostic time for lung ultrasound was significantly shorter than that for x‐ray examination.ConclusionIntelligent lung ultrasound has diagnostic efficiency comparable to that of x‐ray examination but offers advantages in terms of speed.
Oxidative stress induces extracellular vesicle release by upregulation of HEXB to facilitate tumour growth in experimental hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Duan Jiufei , Huang Zhao , Qin Siyuan , Li Bowen , Zhang Zhe , Liu Rui , Wang Kui , Nice Edouard C. , Jiang Jingwen , Huang Canhua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in triggering tumour‐aggressive behaviours. However, the energetic process by which tumour cells produce EVs remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate the involvement of β‐hexosaminidase B (HEXB) in mediating EV release in response to oxidative stress, thereby promoting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mechanistically, reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulate the nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), leading to the upregulation of both HEXB and its antisense lncRNA HEXB‐AS. HEXB‐AS can bind HEXB to form a protein/RNA complex, which elevates the protein stability of HEXB. The stabilized HEXB interacts with lysosome‐associated membrane glycoprotein 1 (LAMP1), disrupting lysosome‐multivesicular body (MVB) fusion, which protects EVs from degradation. Knockdown of HEXB efficiently inhibits EV release and curbs HCC growth both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, targeting HEXB by M‐31850 significantly inhibits HCC growth, especially when combined with GW4869, an inhibitor of exosome release. Our results underscore the critical role of HEXB as a modulator that promotes EV release during HCC development.
Nonprofit commercialization: What shapes the perceptions of top managers?
Authors: Balgah Roland Azibo , Kimengsi Jude Ndzifon , Kester Ngwa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBusiness‐like thinking among NPOs and scholars has stimulated growing but contested views on what constitutes commercialization and what drives its adoption. Unfortunately, empirical efforts have largely neglected the perspective of nonprofit managers who play pivotal roles in commercialization decisions. To stem this knowledge gap, this study applies a mixed methods on a case study from Cameroon to elicit top nonprofit managers' perceptions to commercialization. Almost 90% of all top managers demonstrate sound theoretical knowledge of nonprofit commercialization. Overall, 65% perceived commercialization positively, and 40% were already engaged in commercial activities. Binary logistic regression results indicated positive and statistically significant relationships between organizational capacity variables (intervention sector, for‐profit management strategy, and assets), and managers' perceptions of nonprofit commercialization (p < 0.05), questioning the resource‐dependency theory. The implications of conceptual ordering, theoretical diversity and contextualizing research on nonprofit managers' commercialization perceptions are discussed, particularly the need to include managerial perception as a key variable in the nonprofit commercialization equation in developing countries, and reconciling theoretical contestations with contextual reality.
Nanofiller‐and basalt fiber‐reinforced recycled polyamide 6 hybrid composites
Authors: Ahlatli Osman , Bozkurt Ömer Yavuz , Erkliğ Ahmet , Kiziltas Alper , Gardner Douglas J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe influence of nanofillers (cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)), and basalt fibers (BF) on the morphology, mechanical and thermal of recycled polyamide 6 (PA6) composites were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical testing, rotational rheometry, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). CNF, HNTs and BF were relatively well‐dispersed in the PA6 matrix and the incorporation of these nanofillers and BF increased the strength of the matrix, which indicates a good dispersion of the nanofillers and BF. CNF and HNTs‐filled PA6 nanocomposites increased the tnsile strength by 14% and 6% compared to the neat PA6, respectively. The composites elongation at break decreased with nanofiller, BF and combined nanofillers and BF. The shear storage modulus values of PA6/20B5C, PA6/20B5H, and PA6/25B are significantly elevated compared to neat PA6, with increases of 3.7, 2.8, and 2.5 times, respectively, at an angular frequency of 100 rad/s. PA6/20B5H composites with 20 wt.% BF and 5 wt.% HNTs exhibited the highest storage modulus (9.5 GPa) from the DMA study. Thermal stability and ash content at 800°C increased with the incorporation of HNTs and BF. The DSC findings showed that the glass transition (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) of the composites did not exhibit any notable changes when nanofillers and BF were added to the resin. The nucleation ability of PA6 was enhanced attributable to BF and hybridization of BF and nanofillers since the crystallization temperatures of PA6 in BF filled and hybrid composites were around 5°C greater than neat PA6. The results suggest hybrid composites with potential environmental characteristics and higher mechanical properties can be utilized in semi‐structural applications in automotive and construction as a sustainable and lightweight alternative to steel and other materials.Highlights
The addition of HNTs, CNF, BF and hybridization of nanofillers with BF reduced the brittleness of PA6.
Nanoreinforced and hybrid PA6 composites achieved higher storage modulus than neat PA6.
Thermal stability and ash content increased with the incorporation of HNTs and BF.
The hybrid composites have a higher complex viscosity compared to PA6.
The sustainable hybrid composites can be utilized in automotive and construction industries.
A review on the cutting of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites
Authors: Meng Zhijian , Liu Shunuan , Hu Kuangqing , Wang Tao , Luo Bin , Zhang Kaifu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs a more sustainable alternative to carbon fiber reinforced thermosetting (CFRTS) composites, carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) composites are increasingly being used to favor the lightweight design and energy‐saving needs of the new generation high‐end equipment. Usually, cutting is an essential manufacturing process for CFRTP components to overcome the preparation limitations and meet the assembly requirements. However, CFRTP is regarded as a typical difficult‐to‐machine material, resulting in extremely poor machining quality and efficiency. In this paper, a comprehensive literature review on the cutting of CFRTP is provided from three aspects. Firstly, the chip formation, cutting force, and cutting temperature are described to understand the cutting mechanism clearly. Secondly, the influencing factors of damage formation as well as the damage detection methods are summarized. Finally, the improvement methods of machining quality in recent years, from cutting parameters, cutting tools, and assisted machining technologies, are presented. Furthermore, the conclusions and future trends in the cutting of CFRTP are discussed, which offers a significant reference value for the realization of high‐quality and efficient machining of CFRTP.Highlights
CFRTP has attracted widespread attention in the high‐end equipment manufacturing due to its excellent mechanical properties and environmental friendliness.
Cutting is an essential manufacturing process for CFRTP components.
Cutting mechanism, machining damage, and improvement method of machining quality during the cutting of CFRTP are reviewed.
The current research gaps and future trends are discussed.
On the trade‐off between rate and reliability for secret key generation in wireless channels
Authors: Sandell Magnus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWireless propagation channels can be used to obtain secret keys to enhance security. By exploiting the reciprocity of the channel between legitimate users and its independence of an eavesdropper's channel, it can be quantised to produce a string of bits. The quality of these bits can be enhanced by using guard bands when quantising, which means that some samples are not used due to their poor quality. Although this increases the probability that the legitimate users produce the same bits, it also reduces the number of generated bits. We derive the optimal trade‐off between these contrasting quantities, first for a single sample and then extended to a frequency‐selective channel. The results are presented for both software simulations and hardware evaluations.
Flowing with Embodiment and Materiality: Touch and Time for New Educational Futures
Authors: Chappell Kerry 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmbodiment is a lively and vital current in my pedagogy, research and writing. For a considerable time, I have overtly entangled embodiment, enmeshed with materiality into the notion of dialogue to argue that, with multiple others, we create, think and do in many ways that are as influential as words. This is part of wider endeavours to disrupt practice and research using posthumanising creativity to create spaces for emergent educational approaches which are fit to respond to Anthropocentric challenges. This chapter steps into the flow of this current armed with the knowledge that the mindbody binary is a specifically Western problem and that much can be gained from combining posthuman approaches with learning from Indigenous epistemologies and Eastern philosophies. The chapter goes on to explore embodiment and materiality through the concepts of touch and time. These reflections show how the usual storylines of disciplines can be ruptured, emphasising the role of multi-epistemic literacy, and the affordances of slowing and playing with time. The chapter moves on to discuss the power of cumulative ruptures which have the potential to create spaces for educational approaches that can match and respond to the rapidly changing global challenges that we face.
Exploring Aesthoecology: Affective Anticipation, Liminality and Emergence as Features of Alternative Educational Futures
Authors: Turner Chris 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAesthoecology is an onto-epistemology that interrogates the relationship between the aesthetic, ecological and ethical dimensions of education. This involves the exploration of notions such as liminality, emergence, and affective anticipation, all of which are features of dynamic systems. These elements of theory are discussed to support the concept of aesthoecology as a framework of ideas, and a creative vocabulary, which critically questions some of the established ways of being, doing and becoming in current educational practice.Theorising and philosophising provide the freedom to think differently, the space to be creative and the courage to provoke radical thinking and action. The theory of aesthoecology is exemplified by reference to the development of a gallery of the arts at an expanding, community oriented, outward-facing UK community college in which the new and unexpected was a significant element of the richness of provision.This chapter proposes that the theory of aesthoecology is particularly relevant at a time of significant change because it illustrates the importance of ethically creative education in which issues of emergence might be seen as particularly valuable. Education is enriched by inviting and embracing the unexpected and by exploring the ways in which the new arises spontaneously from our actions.
Sensing in Liminal Spaces: Words, Music and Dementia
Authors: Crickmay Ursula , Welsh Caroline 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter offers insight into a project which provokes alternative educational futures and imaginative ways of facing current challenging issues, in this case dementia, through adopting an approach which values emergence, creativity and care-ful responses. In our co-writing and making, we reflect on an improvisatory musical practice involving people with dementia, their family, carers and a team of professional musicians and facilitators, working together with voices, instruments, words and images. We consider this practice, melding the human, the sonic and the material, in dialogue with posthuman theory which we weave together with music, words and images creatively generated by the group and the authors in recent workshops both in person and online. Through a series of ‘diffractions’ of our data, we consider how those living with dementia may help us to focus on learning as a response-able encounter, a co-creative emergence in a liminal space that opens towards the unforeseeable future. There are a series of field recordings that accompany this text: you will find links to them next to headings and subheadings; we invite you to listen to them as you read.
The Aesthetics of African Participatory Music Making Through the Eyes of Utu: An Alternative Approach to Music Education
Authors: Katingima Day Nancy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe theorisation of music and music making in most African Indigenous Communities has for a long time been the prerogative of anthropological and ethnomusicological inquiry, predominantly framed by Western hegemonic knowledge structures (Murungi, 2011, African musical aesthetics. Cambridge Scholars Publishing). This chapter offers a theoretical and methodological ruption by exploring the aesthetics of music and music making through the eyes of an alternative philosophical approach emanating from East Africa called Utu. It is a Kiswahili word describing the essence of being and becoming human by participating in life. The chapter will explore two principles – relationality and connectivity – as the foundation of creative endeavour. These will inform why and how music and music making in most Kenyan Indigenous Communities (KIC) is an aesthetic of life. This means that music encounters are not only a reflection of life but are in fact life (Nketia, 1984, The World of Music, 26, 3–28). It is argued that (1) the acknowledgement of already existing relationships within an encounter, (2) the effective creation of stable connections between entities or participants and (3) the validation and affirmations of the outcomes of the music encounter provide a relevant theoretical foundation for creativity and music education. This ruption from an ‘aesthetic in life’ (endorsed by most current mechanistic education practices) to an ‘aesthetic of life’ opens new creative and emergent possibilities for not only music education but broader educational futures.
Simples Rules for Developing the Social Aspects of Your Venture
Authors: Shepherd Dean A. , Patzelt Holger , Breugst Nicola 
Published: June 2024

Abstract This chapter offers simple rules for developing the social aspects of your venture. These simple rules are: do amazing things with your venture to help those suffering; align your motivation with the type of venture you want to build; be sensitive to the needs of your venture members; and don’t burn out in pursuing your venture’s social mission.