bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Pre–Post Study Design Exploring the Potential Benefits of a Hiking Intervention for Active and Inactive Older Adults
Authors: Lesser Iris A. , Thomson Cynthia J. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is essential for healthy aging, yet PA levels are low in older adults. Group-based nature programming may be an ideal opportunity for engaging older adults in PA and improving health-related quality of life. Methods: Twenty-seven older adults, 55–75 years of age (n = 14 active and n = 13 previously inactive), enrolled in a biweekly 8-week hiking program. At baseline, participants completed online questionnaires on health-related quality of life, behavioral and psychological outcomes, and a one-mile walk test to assess cardiorespiratory fitness. Results: Average attendance was 81% in the previously inactive groups and 74% in the active group. There was a significant increase in the physical component of quality of life over time in the previously inactive group (p = .03, d = 0.71). Participants significantly improved their cardiorespiratory fitness (p = .003, d = 0.77) and competency (p = .005, d = 0.41) as assessed by the Basic Psychological Needs for Exercise Scale. The previously inactive group additionally increased their self-efficacy for exercise (p = .001, d = 1.43). Both active and previously inactive groups exercised at a similar relative intensity during the hikes based on heart rate; however, perceived exertion at the end of the hike on average was lower among active participants (p = .014). Conclusion: Group-based hiking for previously inactive older adults significantly improved physical health-related quality of life over an 8-week biweekly intervention. Hiking at an individualized pace may allow for hiking to be an appropriate PA program in previously inactive older adults.
Zap the clap with DNA: a novel microbicide for preventing
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
infection
Authors: Rendon Maria A. , So Magdalene 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Each year,
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
(Ngo) causes over 1.5 million new infections in the United States, and >87 million worldwide. The absence of a vaccine for preventing gonorrhea, the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant and extremely drug-resistant Ngo strains, and the limited number of antibiotics available for treating gonorrhea underscore the importance of developing new modalities for addressing Ngo infection. Here, we describe DNA-based microbicides that kill Ngo but not commensals. Previously, we showed that Ngo is killed when it takes up differentially methylated DNA with homology to its genome. We exploited this Achilles heel to develop a new class of microbicides for preventing Ngo infection. These microbicides consist of DNA molecules with specific sequences and a methylation pattern different from Ngo DNA. These DNAs kill low-passage and antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates with high efficiency but leave commensals unharmed. Equally important, the DNAs are equally effective against Ngo whether they are in buffered media or personal lubricants. These findings illustrate the potential of this new class of practical, low-cost, self-administered DNA-based microbicides for preventing Ngo transmission during sexual intercourse.
RSV enhances
Staphylococcus aureus
bacterial growth in the lung
Authors: Rich Helen E. , Bhutia Simran , Gonzales de Los Santos Francina , Entrup Gabrielle P. , Warheit-Niemi Helen I. , Gurczynski Stephen J. , Bame Monica , Douglas Michael T. , Morris Susan B. , Zemans Rachel L. , Lukacs Nicholas W. , Moore Bethany B. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Patients coinfected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and bacteria have longer hospital stays, higher risk of intensive care unit admission, and worse outcomes. We describe a model of RSV line 19F/methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) USA300 coinfection that does not impair viral clearance, but prior RSV infection enhances USA300 MRSA bacterial growth in the lung. The increased bacterial burden post-RSV correlates with reduced accumulation of neutrophils and impaired bacterial killing by alveolar macrophages. Surprisingly, reduced neutrophil accumulation is likely not explained by reductions in phagocyte-recruiting chemokines or alterations in proinflammatory cytokine production compared with mice infected with
S. aureus
alone. Neutrophils from RSV-infected mice retain their ability to migrate toward chemokine signals, and neutrophils from the RSV-infected lung are better able to phagocytize and kill
S. aureus ex vivo
on a per cell basis. In contrast, while alveolar macrophages could ingest USA300 post-RSV, intracellular bacterial killing was impaired. The RSV/
S. aureus
coinfected lung promotes a state of overactivation in neutrophils, demonstrated by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can drive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), resulting in cell death. Mice with RSV/
S. aureus
coinfection had increased extracellular DNA and protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and histological evidence confirmed NETosis
in vivo
. Taken together, these data highlight that prior RSV infection can prime the overactivation of neutrophils leading to cell death that impairs neutrophil accumulation in the lung. Additionally, alveolar macrophage killing of bacteria is impaired post-RSV. Together, these defects enhance USA300 MRSA bacterial growth in the lung post-RSV.
Heterogeneous incorporation of trace elements at the microscale and nanoscale during episodic epitaxial growth of pyrite
Authors: Wang Yan-Yan , Long Tao , Fougerouse Denis , Liu Xue-Min , Li Qi , Yu Xue-Feng , Ma Ming-Zhu , Liu Dun-Yi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Understanding the complex interplay between the processes of mineral crystallization and the incorporation of trace elements, particularly in economically significant deposits like Carlin-type gold systems, is essential for unraveling geological processes. This study investigates the microscale to nanoscale texture and composition of weakly deformed arsenian pyrite from the Shangmanggang Carlin-type Au deposit in Southwest China, employing advanced techniques such as scanning transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. Trace element–rich oscillatory zones in the pyrite are characterized by ~30-nm-thick bands enriched in As, Au, and Cu. Cu, As, Sb, Pb, Hg, and Tl are distributed heterogeneously and form clusters and discontinuous planar features on the outer edge of As-rich oscillatory bands. Discontinuous planar features, nucleating from trace element–enriched clusters, are oriented approximately in line with the direction of epitaxial growth. The nanoscale epitaxial growth zones are likely the result of the incorporation of impurity defects coupled with diffusion-limited self-organization and fluctuations in fluid composition. Arsenic-induced lattice distortion facilitates surface adsorption of dopant trace metals, which leads to “unstructured” impurities (Sb, Pb, Hg, and Tl) clustering locally in misfit crystal defects. The transition from homogeneous element distribution in As-rich bands to clustered trace elements suggests a Stranski-Krastanov growth process. Discontinuous planar features may represent the propagation of crystal defects locally and the further incorporation of trace elements. Our study provides insights into the factors governing the heterogeneous incorporation of trace elements, particularly Au, into pyrite during epitaxial growth.
THE EFFECT OF EXERCISES OF DIFFERENT INTENSITY APPLIED AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY ON POST-OPERATIVE PAIN: RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Karapınar Merve , Şafak Menekşe , Parpucu Tuba Ince , Başkurt Ferdi , Başkurt Zeliha 
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the changes in pain following exercise sessions with different intensities in patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: This is a repeated measure and single-blinded randomized controlled study. Thirty-six patients who underwent TKA (age, 64.9 ± 7.42 years) were randomly assigned to either low-intensity exercises (LIEs) group or high-intensity exercises (HIEs) group. Exercise programs lasted for five days during the hospitalization period. Pain intensity was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were measured over quadriceps and biceps brachii and muscles immediately before and after exercise. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) subscale (pain, stiffness, and physical function) scores were recorded at two points in baseline and discharge from the hospital. Results: The pain intensity decreased in patients in both groups after TKA. PPTs increased in both groups at all tested sites following the first, third, and fifth exercise bouts. HIE program had a greater positive effect on the pain intensity after the first exercise session than LIE program on the PPTs ([Formula: see text] < 0.05). HIE program was more effective in order to reduce pain severity immediately after the exercise sessions in patients ([Formula: see text]: 0.5, [Formula: see text] < 0.05). WOMAC scores significantly improved in both groups during the discharge from the hospital ([Formula: see text] = 0.001). Conclusion: Our results found that both LIE and HIE programs performed during hospitalization after TKA declined pain intensity. Particularly notable were the substantial improvements observed in managing post-operative pain, especially following the second exercise session. The HIE program proved more effective in improving stiffness, and enhancing physical function.
FROM CALENDAR TIME TO BUSINESS TIME: THE CASE OF COMMODITY MARKETS
Authors: LADOKHIN SERGIY , SCHMECK MAREN DIANE , BOROVKOVA SVETLANA 
Published: August 2024

We address the problem of modeling commodity forward curves, while preserving empirical features observed in commodity markets. By letting a commodity market to “live” in the tempo of a business rather than calendar clock, we create a model with a rich but realistic set of features, such as stochastic volatility, stochastic rate of mean reversion and various shapes of forward curves such as backwardation and contango. The model, when applied to extensive historical datasets of crude oil and natural gas forward curves, shows a remarkably good fit to the observed futures prices, also in periods of high volatility and negative prices. The model is developed in such a way that it can be used for a wide variety of applications, ranging from exotic derivatives pricing to risk management of commodity portfolios.
Gut Microbiota, Metabolites, Circulating Cytokines and Growth Factors, Plasma Proteins, and Risk of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Maimaiti Aierpati , Xie Zhihao , Turhon Mirzat , Abulizi Alimasi , Wang Wenxuan , Wu Pengfei , Yang Qingyu , Aisha Maimaitili , Wang Zengliang , Wang Yongxin 
Published: August 2024

Background: Increasing evidence implicates the gut microbiota, metabolites, circulating cytokines and growth factors, and plasma proteins as potential susceptibility factors for intracranial aneurysm (IA). However, due to their complexity, the causal relationship between these factors and IA remains unclear. Our goal was to determine whether these factors are causally associated with IA, UIA, and SAH and provide suggestions for the prevention and treatment of these cerebrovascular diseases.Methods: Utilizing data from genome‐wide association studies (GWAS), we conducted a large‐scale Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis between these factors and diseases using five different models (Wald ratio, IVW, MR‐Egger, weighted median, and MRPRESSO). Several sensitivity analyses were also applied to ensure the robustness of the results.Results: Our MR analysis revealed several significant causal relationships between 18 gut microbiota taxa (genus.Bilophila‐SAH, beta[95%CI] = −1.08[−1.61 ~ −0.54]), 55 blood metabolites (7‐alpha‐hydroxy‐3‐oxo‐4‐cholestenoate‐IA, beta[95%CI] = −2.78[−4.47 ~ −1.08]), 2 cytokines (IL‐6‐UIA, beta[95%CI] = 0.73[0.34 ~ 1.39]), 45 plasma proteins (RELT‐UIA, beta[95%CI] = −0.8[−1.22 ~ −0.38]), and IA, UIA, and SAH. Many of these were reported for the first time.Conclusions: In conclusion, our study provides reference of the potential causal effects of gut microbiota, blood metabolites, cytokines, and plasma proteins on IA, UIA, and SAH. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for these cerebrovascular diseases.
Establishment of a Mesoamerican–Caribbean South–South Research Platform: Challenges in the Meriva (Curcuminoids) Gastric Cancer Chemoprevention Trial
Authors: Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Hernandez-Marrero Jessica , Norwood Dalton A. , González-Pons María , Dominguez Ricardo L. , Rodriguez Luz M. , Richmond Ellen , Limburg Paul J. , Cruz-Correa Marcia , Morgan Douglas R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is the fourth leading global cause of cancer mortality and leading infection-associated cancer. High-incidence regions of GAC include Latin America and Eastern Asia. Immigrants from high-incidence regions maintain their GAC risk. GAC is a major U.S. cancer disparity, and its incidence rates are 2 to 10 times higher in non-White populations. Emerging guidelines recommend 3-year surveillance endoscopy for patients with high-risk gastric premalignant conditions (GPMC). Clinical trials of GPMC chemoprevention agents are lacking. We conducted a NCI Division of Cancer Prevention–funded, phase II placebo-controlled chemoprevention trial in patients with GPMCs (atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia) with a highly bioavailable preparation of curcuminoids (Meriva). The trial sites in Puerto Rico and rural Honduras had important characteristics: (i) representative Caribbean and Mesoamerican populations, linked to large U.S. immigrant populations; (ii) high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and GPMCs; (iii) the absence of turmeric and curcuminoids in local diets; and (iv) proven bidirectional collaboration with U.S. academic institutions. H. pylori–negative patients with GPMCs were randomized to the study drug (500 mg po bid) or placebo for 180 days (NCT02782949), with primary outcomes based upon histologic parameters. Principal study challenges included (i) an international regulatory environment; (ii) research infrastructure strengthening, particularly in Central America; (iii) participant recruitment in Honduras, wherein only 10% to 15% are H. pylori negative; (iv) the COVID-19 pandemic; and (v) natural disasters (three hurricanes). There were no losses to follow-up related to the pandemic or natural disasters. In conclusion, the south–south partnership provides a model for chemoprevention and translational studies in Latino populations with prevalent cancers, such as GAC.
A Single-Cell Analysis of the NK-Cell Landscape Reveals That Dietary Restriction Boosts NK-Cell Antitumor Immunity via Eomesodermin
Authors: He Junming , Chen Donglin , Xiong Wei , Wang Yuande , Chen Shasha , Yang Meixiang , Dong Zhongjun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Abnormal metabolism in tumor cells represents a potential target for tumor therapy. In this regard, dietary restriction (DR) or its combination with anticancer drugs is of interest as it can impede the growth of tumor cells. In addition to its effects on tumor cells, DR also plays an extrinsic role in restricting tumor growth by regulating immune cells. NK cells are innate immune cells involved in tumor immunosurveillance. However, it remains uncertain whether DR can assist NK cells in controlling tumor growth. In this study, we demonstrate that DR effectively inhibits metastasis of melanoma cells to the lung. Consistent with this, the regression of tumors induced by DR was minimal in mice lacking NK cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that DR enriched a rejuvenated subset of CD27+CD11b+ NK cells. Mechanistically, DR activated a regulatory network involving the transcription factor Eomesodermin (Eomes), which is essential for NK-cell development. First, DR promoted the expression of Eomes by optimizing mTORC1 signaling. The upregulation of Eomes revived the subset of functional CD27+CD11b+ NK cells by counteracting the expression of T-bet and downstream Zeb2. Moreover, DR enhanced the function and chemotaxis of NK cells by increasing the accessibility of Eomes to chromatin, leading to elevated expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines. Consequently, we conclude that DR therapy enhances tumor immunity through nontumor autonomous mechanisms, including promoting NK-cell tumor immunosurveillance and activation.
A comparison of fMRI presurgical mapping techniques with intraoperative brain mapping-based validation
Authors: Radwan Ahmed M. , Emsell Louise , Vansteelandt Kristof , Cleeren Evy , Peeters Ronald , De Vleeschouwer Steven , Theys Tom , Dupont Patrick , Sunaert Stefan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) could enable preoperative risk assessment and intraoperative guidance for patients who cannot undergo task-based fMRI (tbfMRI). To ascertain rsfMRI’s applicability, we investigated differences in accuracy between tbfMRI with a voxel size of 1.8 x 1.8 x 3.2 mm³ and rsfMRI acquired with single-echo (sTE) with a voxel size of 2 x 2 x 2.2 mm³ and multiecho (mTE) with a voxel size of 3 x 3 x 3 mm³ using intraoperative mapping with direct electrical stimulations (DES) as the ground truth. Functional sensory-motor mapping results of hands and feet were spatially compared relative to positive (pDES, functional effect) and negative (nDES, no functional effect) coordinates in 16 preoperative patients. A general linear model analysis was used for tbfMRI, and seed-based analysis (SBA) for rsfMRI. Minimum Euclidean distances between fMRI and DES were calculated and compared between fMRI methods. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare accuracy and determine distance cutoffs for fMRI agreement with DES, and binary agreement rates were compared at different cutoffs. Two-part mixed-effects linear models were used to compare fMRI methods while accounting for unequal intersubject DES repetition. Only minor differences were found between fMRI methods in unthresholded distances (mean differences ~2 mm). ROCs and binary agreement measures showed comparable accuracy for tbfMRI and sTE-rsfMRI at 2 mm, but mildly worse for sTE-rsfMRI at 3 mm and mTE-rsfMRI. However, differences in relative accuracy between sTE-rsfMRI and mTE-rsfMRI were minor when the same distance cutoff was applied to all methods. This was also reflected in comparing binary agreement rates and confirmed by the two-part linear models, which showed no significant differences between fMRI methods and a significant effect of DES response. A similar accuracy for SBA rsfMRI functional sensory-motor mapping compared with tbfMRI for the hands and feet indicates that rsfMRI may be suitable for presurgical mapping. The differences in relative accuracy between sTE-rsfMRI and mTE-rsfMRI warrant further investigation in a larger sample.
Image memorability is linked to facilitated perceptual and semantic processing
Authors: Deng Will , Beck Diane M. , Federmeier Kara D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStrikingly, some images are consistently more likely to be remembered compared to others—a stable, intrinsic image property that has been termed image memorability. However, the properties that afford this memory advantage have remained elusive. In prior work, we showed that more memorable images are easier to perceive, and modeling work further suggests that semantic properties contribute to variance in memorability. Thus, we hypothesize that image memorability effects arise at the interface between perception and semantic memory. To test this hypothesis, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to measure perceptual template matching (N300) and semantic access (N400) processes in a continuous recognition memory task using high and low memorability images, each repeated once. On initial presentation, both N300 and N400 amplitudes were less negative for high memorability images, showing that memorability is linked to both facilitated high-level perceptual processing and more efficient semantic activation. High memorability images also elicited a larger N300 repetition effect compared to low memorability images, revealing that their perceptual processing benefits more from the prior exposure. The results support the idea that images that better match visual templates and elicit more targeted semantic activations are easier to identify when encountered again, and further point to a potential interplay between semantic activation and perceptual matching in supporting image memorability.
Northernmost record of Macropipus rugosus (Decapoda, Brachyura, Polybiidae) in the Canary Islands
Authors: González-Lorenzo Gustavo , Arvelo Esther L. , González José A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We are reporting for the first time the presence of the crab Macropipus rugosus (Doflein, 1904) (Polybiidae) in the Canary Islands. This finding is based on the collection of three individuals off Tenerife. The collection, at coordinates 28°10′38″N, establishes a new northern distribution limit for this species. The species was previously known from tropical and subtropical seas off the west coast of Africa, has recently been reported in the waters of Cape Verde, and now we report it for the Canary Islands.
Amazon deep South: Schubarthelphusa, a new genus to accommodate two freshwater crab species from the State of Rondônia, Brazil (Brachyura, Pseudothelphusidae)
Authors: Magalhães Célio , Pinheiro Allysson P. , Mantelatto Fernando L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A new genus of pseudothelphusid crab is proposed to accommodate two species from the state of Rondônia in the southern Amazon region of Brazil. The new taxon was retrieved as a separate lineage from the genus Fredius Pretzmann, 1967, based on an integrative approach using molecular phylogenetic analysis and morphological characters of the male first gonopod, as well as taking into account its geographic distribution. In terms of gonopod morphology, the new genus resembles Fredius but it is characterized by an enlarged and distinctly inflated proximal portion of the cephalic lobe, a well-developed patch of strong, corneous spines along the mesial and abdominal surfaces of the cephalic lobe, and a mesial lobe that is extremely developed on a long, narrow, sinuous or convoluted projection. The new genus has the southernmost distribution of the Pseudothelphusidae within the Amazon Basin.
A new species of Aegla (Decapoda, Anomura, Aeglidae) from the Paranapanema watershed, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Colavite Jéssica , Bueno Sérgio L. S. , da Silva Alexandre R. , Tavares Marcos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A new species of Aegla is described and illustrated from Alto Paranapanema (São Paulo State), a sub-basin of the Paranapanema watershed. The new species is compared to all seven species of Aegla currently known from the Paranapanema watershed using both morphological and mitochondrial genetic (COI) characters. Molecular sequence comparison analysis also suggested that several records from the Paranapanema watershed previously attributed to Aegla castro actually belong to different species. Opportunity is taken to provide a photograph of the holotype of A. castro (type locality Iapó River, State of Paraná, Tibagi sub-basin, Paranapanema watershed).