bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air pollution aggravates renal ischaemia–reperfusion‐induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Sanches Talita Rojas , Parra Antonio Carlos , Sun Peiqi , Graner Mariana Pereira , Itto Lucas Yuji Umesaki , Butter Loes Maria , Claessen Nike , Roelofs Joris JTH , Florquin Sandrine , Veras Mariana Matera , Andrade Maria de Fatima , Saldiva Paulo Hilário Nascimento , Kers Jesper , Andrade Lucia , Tammaro Alessandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant global public health concern. Recent epidemiological studies have highlighted the link between exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and a decline in renal function. PM2.5 exerts harmful effects on various organs through oxidative stress and inflammation. Acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) involves biological processes similar to those involved in PM2.5 toxicity and is a known risk factor for CKD. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of PM2.5 exposure on IRI‐induced AKI. Through a unique environmentally controlled setup, mice were exposed to urban PM2.5 or filtered air for 12 weeks before IRI followed by euthanasia 48 h after surgery. Animals exposed to PM2.5 and IRI exhibited reduced glomerular filtration, impaired urine concentration ability, and significant tubular damage. Further, PM2.5 aggravated local innate immune responses and mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as enhancing cyclic GMP–AMP synthase‐stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS–STING) pathway activation. This increased renal senescence and suppressed the anti‐ageing protein klotho, leading to early fibrotic changes. In vitro studies using proximal tubular epithelial cells exposed to PM2.5 and hypoxia/reoxygenation revealed heightened activation of the STING pathway triggered by cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA, resulting in increased tubular damage and a pro‐inflammatory phenotype. In summary, our findings imply a role for PM2.5 in sensitising proximal tubular epithelial cells to IRI‐induced damage, suggesting a plausible association between PM2.5 exposure and heightened susceptibility to CKD in individuals experiencing AKI. Strategies aimed at reducing PM2.5 concentrations and implementing preventive measures may improve outcomes for AKI patients and mitigate the progression from AKI to CKD. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Epidemiology of clinically unsuspected venous thromboembolism in children with cancer: A population‐based study from Maritimes, Canada
Authors: Ells Brett , Forbrigger Zara , Khan Naeem , Sharathkumar Anjali , Revel‐Vilk Shoshana , Goldenberg Neil A. , Kulkarni Ketan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInconsistencies in the definition of clinically unsuspected venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pediatric patients recently led to the recommendation of standardizing this terminology. Clinically unsuspected VTE (cuVTE) is defined as the presence of VTE on diagnostic imaging performed for indications unrelated to VTE in a patient without symptoms or clinical history of VTE. The prevalence of cuVTE in pediatric cancer patients is unclear. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of cuVTE in pediatric cancer patients. All patients 0–18 years old, treated at the IWK in Halifax, Nova Scotia, from August 2005 through December 2019 with a known cancer diagnosis and at least one imaging study were eligible (n = 743). All radiology reports available for these patients were reviewed (n = 18,120). The VTE event was labeled a priori as cuVTE event for radiology reports that included descriptive texts indicating a diagnosis of thrombosis including thrombus, central venous catheter‐related, thrombosed aneurysm, tumor thrombosis, non‐occlusive thrombus, intraluminal filling defect, or small fragment clot for patients without documentation of clinical history and or signs of VTE. A total of 18,120 radiology reports were included in the review. The prevalence of cuVTE was 5.5% (41/743). Echocardiography and computed tomography had the highest rate of cuVTE detection, and the most common terminologies used to diagnose cuVTE were thrombus and non‐occlusive thrombus. The diagnosis of cuVTE was not associated with age, sex, and type of cancer. Future efforts should focus on streamlining radiology reports to characterize thrombi. The clinical significance of these cuVTE findings and their application to management, post‐thrombotic syndrome, and survival compared to cases with symptomatic VTE and patients without VTE should be further studied.
Factors influencing the initiation of biologic therapy in children with severe asthma: Results of the pediatric asthma noninvasive diagnostic approaches (PANDA) study
Authors: van Dijk Yoni E. , Brandsen Milou A. , Hashimoto Simone , Rutjes Niels W. , Golebski Kornel , Vermeulen Frederique , Terheggen‐Lagro Suzanne W. J. , van Ewijk Bart E. , der Zee Anke‐Hilse Maitland‐van , Vijverberg Susanne J. H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground & objectivesDespite the availability of biologics for severe pediatric asthma, real‐life studies reporting on drivers behind initiating biologics and their alignment with the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendations are lacking.MethodsWe performed analysis within the pediatric asthma noninvasive diagnostic approaches study, a prospective cohort of 6‐ to 17‐year‐old children with severe asthma. Information was collected on demographic factors, symptom control, treatment, comorbidities, and diagnostic tests from medical records and questionnaires. We divided patients into “starters” or “nonstarters” based on the clinical decision to initiate biologics and performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify drivers behind initiating therapy. Additionally, we assessed patient suitability for biologics according to key factors in the GINA recommendations: Type 2 inflammation, frequency of exacerbations, and optimization of treatment adherence.ResultsIn total, 72 children (mean age 11.5 ± 3.0 years, 65.3% male) were included (13 starters). Initiation of biologics was associated with a higher GINA treatment step (adjusted odds ratio's [aOR] = 5.0, 95%CI 1.33–18.76), steroid toxicity (aOR = 21.1, 95%CI 3.73–119.91), frequency of exacerbations (aOR = 1.6, 95%CI 1.10–2.39), improved therapy adherence (aOR = 1.7, 95%CI 1.10–2.46), Caucasian ethnicity (aOR = 0.20, 95%CI 0.05–0.80), ≥1 allergic sensitization (aOR = 0.06, 95%CI 0.004–0.97), and allergic rhinitis (aOR = 0.13, 95%CI 0.03–0.65). Furthermore, steroid toxicity was identified as an important factor for deviation from the current recommendations on biologic prescription.ConclusionsWe identified multiple drivers and inhibitors for initiating biologics, and showed the clinical need for biologics in severe pediatric asthmatics suffering from steroid toxicity. These findings may help refine asthma management guidelines.
The predictive impact of hematological inflammatory markers in detecting prostate cancer in patients with PI‐RADS 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Kayar Ridvan , Tokuc Emre , Ozsoy Emrah , Demir Samet , Kayar Kemal , Topaktas Ramazan , Demir Selamettin , Ozturk Metin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnostic accuracy of suspicious lesions that are classified as PI‐RADS 3 in multiparametric prostate magnetic‐resonance imaging (mpMRI) is controversial. This study aims to assess the predictive capacity of hematological inflammatory markers such as neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), pan‐immune‐inflammation value (PIV), and systemic immune‐response index (SIRI) in detecting prostate cancer in PI‐RADS 3 lesions.Methods276 patients who underwent mpMRI and subsequent prostate biopsy after PI‐RADS 3 lesion detection were included in the study. According to the biopsy results, the patients were distributed to two groups as prostate cancer (PCa) and no cancer (non‐PCa). Data concerning age, PSA, prostate volume, PSA density, PI‐RADS 3 lesion size, prostate biopsy results, monocyte counts (109/L), lymphocyte counts (109/L), platelet counts (109/L), neutrophils count (109/L) were recorded from the complete blood count. From these data; PIV value is obtained by monocyte × neutrophil × platelet/lymphocyte, NLR by neutrophil/lymphocyte, and SIRI by monocyte number × NLR.ResultsSignificant variations in neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte levels between PCa and non‐PCa patient groups were detected (p = 0.009, p = 0.001, p = 0.005 respectively, p < 0.05). NLR, PIV, and SIRI exhibited significant differences, with higher values in PCa patients (p = 0.004, p = 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively, p < 0.05). The area under curve of SIRI was 0.729, with a cut‐off value of 1.20 and with a sensitivity 57.70%, and a specificity of 68.70%.ConclusionSIRI outperformed NLR and PIV in detecting PCa in PI‐RADS 3 lesions, showcasing its potential as a valuable biomarker. Implementation of this parameter to possible future nomograms has the potential to individualize and risk‐stratify the patients in prostate biopsy decision.
Impacts of hydrologic and geomorphic alteration to the availability of shallow, low‐velocity habitats in an intensively managed arid‐land river
Authors: Mortensen Jacob G. , Julien Pierre Y. , Corsi Brianna , Radobenko Chelsey , Anderson Tristen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study seeks better understanding of linkages between channel morphology, streamflow, and aquatic habitat for the effective rehabilitation of imperiled species in rivers subjected to intensive water resource management. We focused on the variability of shallow, low‐velocity (SLV) habitat over 50 years for a 56 km reach of the Rio Grande of central New Mexico (Middle Rio Grande). Hydraulic models used topographic data obtained through long‐term systematic monitoring between 1962 and 2012 to derive relationships between discharge and SLV habitat availability. We developed a temporally integrated habitat metric (TIHM) to facilitate quantitative comparisons of SLV habitat availability over seasonal hydrologic periods (base flow, spring runoff, and summer low flow) for selected years representative of contemporary discharge variations. Results showed that SLV habitat availability, as captured by TIHM values, decreased on average by 83% over the study period (1962–2012), corresponding to completion of the Cochiti Dam (1973), which profoundly altered flow and sediment regimes. Resulting channel incision and floodplain disconnection, caused shifts in discharge‐habitat relationships whereby increases in SLV habitat availability in the modern channel were strictly maximized at the upper range of modeled discharges (200 m3 s−1)—discharges greater than 100 m3 s−1 are infrequent today. Ecological implications of losses to SLV habitat availability include recovery of the federally endangered Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus.
P‐6.1: Research on Screen Splitting of 8T1C Pixel Circuit
Authors: Chu Wenquan , Xu Ji , Chen Xinquan , Liu Ke , Zhu Shaojie , Dang Pengle 
Published: June 2024

The 7T1C (7 Thin Film Transistors and 1 capacitor) pixel circuits, prevalent in LTPO (Low‐Temperature Polycrystalline Oxide) products, encounter output characteristic shifts when the DTFT (Driver Thin Film Transistor) is biased for extended periods at 1Hz. This shift facilitates a noticeable brightness disparity between the hold frame and the write frame. To mitigate the 7T1C pixel circuit defects, the 8T1C (8 TFT and 1 capacitor) pixel circuit has been developed, introducing T8 to reset the source or drain of DTFT at high frequencies, thus alleviating low‐frequency flicker.In deploying the 8T1C pixel circuit, a high‐frequency signal initializes the OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) anode. When this signal scans into the blanking area, the driven row number decreases, reducing the load on the GIP (Gate in Panel) signal and VREFN2 signal. This more comprehensive anode initialization can lead to dark mura and screen splitting. This study explores the 8T1C pixel circuit's split‐screen issue, analyzing the mechanism, related factors (such as anode initialization voltage, the number of blank lines, and T8's brightness and reset frequency), and their impact on the split‐screen phenomenon. Employing the demura function of DDIC (Display Driver Integrated Circuit) and analyzing related factors, a solution for screen splitting is proposed. The existing demura solution is enhanced by incorporating low‐brightness photography and adjusting VREFN2 and the number of blank lines, improving the low‐brightness photography effect and optimizing the screen splitting issue.
Stirring‐Controlled Synthesis of Ultrastable, Fluorescent Silver Nanoclusters
Authors: Cybulski Olgierd , Quintana Cristóbal , Siek Marta , Grzybowski Bartosz A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper describes how macroscopic stirring of a reaction mixture can be used to produce nanostructures exhibiting properties not readily achievable via other protocols. In particular, it is shown that by simply adjusting the stirring rate, a standard glutathione‐based method—to date, used to produce only marginally stable fluorescent silver nanoclusters, Ag NCs—can be boosted to yield nanoclusters retaining fluorescence for unprecedented periods of over 2 years. This enhancement derives not simply from increased homogenization of the reaction mixture but mainly from an appropriately timed delivery of oxygen from above the reaction mixture. In effect, oxygen serves as a reagent that dictates size, structure, stability, and functional properties of the growing nanoobjects.
Legal protection for visual artists
Authors: Kerrick B.D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is essential that sculptors, architects, and other three‐dimensional artists gain some familiarity with the extent and limits of intellectual property (IP) law and how it protects visual artists and their works. The main areas of IP legal protection for artists are traditional copyright law, the Visual Artists Rights Act, and the Architectural Works Copyright Protection Act. This article attempts to distill the large and complex discipline of intellectual property rights for visual artists. Legislative bodies, courts, nongovernmental organizations, international and intergovernmental institutions, and IP experts continue to struggle with the question of how to balance the public‐good benefits of legal protection for artists with the demands of commerce. From copyrights to courts to alternative resolutions and other interventions, IP is a discipline broad and intricate, but visual artists have many options, including legal, organizational, and educational opportunities, to strengthen their position.
Image encryption algorithm based on a memcapacitor‐based hyperchaotic system and DNA coding
Authors: Belete Biniyam Ayele , Gelmecha Demissie Jobir , Singh Ram Sewak 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn today's digitally connected world, the protection of privacy and data security in open communication media (OCM) is paramount. As digital devices become more widespread and increase in global connectivity, the significance of image encryption has reached unprecedented levels. Traditional encryption techniques often fall short when applied to images due to their unique properties such as high correlation and large data quantities. To address these challenges, this paper presents a novel image encryption method that integrates principles from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) rules, the logistic map, and a hyperchaotic model with memcapacitors. The intricate and unpredictable nature of the memcapacitor‐based hyperchaotic system, coupled with deficiencies in current image encryption algorithms, serves as a catalyst for the development of this new algorithm. The proposed encryption strategy leverages the encoding properties of DNA and the complex dynamics of hyperchaotic systems to achieve enhanced image encryption. Through simulations and evaluations using reference images, the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated. It surpasses current techniques in terms of statistical robustness, resistance to brute‐force attacks, and protection against differential attacks. The research concludes that combining DNA principles, logistic maps, and memcapacitor‐based hyperchaotic systems significantly improves image encryption. This approach enhances data security for image transmission in open communication channels, addressing the limitations of traditional encryption techniques. As digital connectivity expands globally, the demand for robust image encryption is expected to increase, making this research pivotal in establishing standards for future advancements in image encryption algorithms.
Investigation of Upward Leader Development Characteristics by Two Kinds of Charge Density Models in Wind Turbines
Authors: Fan Wenchao , Cai Li , Li Muzi , Zhou Mi , Cao Jinxin , Wang Jianguo , Fan Yadong 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe upward discharge is a significant factor threatening the operation of wind farms. This paper investigates the inception and development of upward leaders of wind turbines' tip, where blade rotation prevents charge accumulation, using charge density models from laboratory discharges and artificially triggered lightning. The results indicate that larger return stroke currents create higher spatial potentials, and slower downward leader speeds allow for longer development time, favoring the development of upward leaders. As wind turbine sizes increase, the rotation of the blade tips resembles artificially triggered lightning, and the long air gap discharge model may underestimate the development of upward leaders. Calculations from the artificially triggered lightning model reveal improved upward leader formation when further laterally away from the downward leader within a certain distance, elucidating why multiple upward leaders are frequently observed around turbines. The striking distance and attractive radius are largely determined by the development of upward leaders. The absence of corona charge shielding at blade tips means upward leader inception is independent of downward leader velocity, emphasizing downward leaders' significant influence on turbines. Thus, the formula for estimating a wind turbine's lightning incidence requires integrating the return stroke current and velocity of the downward leader.
Einleitung
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Förderung der Lebensqualität und Stärkung des subjektiven Wohlbefindens pflegender Angehöriger von Menschen mit Demenz ist als gesamtgesellschaftliche Aufgabe zu betrachten (BMFSFJ, 2016; Kruse et al., 2022). Mit Blick auf den demographischen Wandel und dem nach wie vor bestehenden Pflegenotstand in Deutschland erscheint die (langfristige) Bereitschaft zur Übernahme einer Pflege und Begleitung eines nahestehenden Angehörigen mit Demenz von besonders hoher Relevanz.
Die Erhebungsinstrumente
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIm nachfolgenden Kapitel werden die in der vorliegenden Arbeit entwickelten und genutzten Erhebungsinstrumente detailliert dargestellt und beschrieben. Dabei werden das Tagebuch sowie das Interview in seiner Konzeption, Pilotierung und Anwendung betrachtet. Die Fokusgruppe mit professionellen Akteuren dient dabei lediglich der Entwicklung möglicher Transfergedanken, die im Ausblick dieser Arbeit aufgegriffen werden.
Feldzugang und Interviewsituation
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird vor dem Hintergrund der forschungsethischen Grundlage (Abschnitt 9.1), welche insbesondere in der Forschung mit einer vulnerablen Personengruppe essentiell ist, der Zugang zu den teilnehmenden pflegenden Angehörigen beschrieben. Dabei wird in Abschnitt 9.2 die angewandte Rekrutierungsstrategie aufgezeigt und im Detail dargestellt. Darüber hinaus erfolgt eine kurze Beschreibung der an der Studie teilnehmenden pflegenden Angehörigen (Abschnitt 9.3) sowie einer Betrachtung des Interviewsettings (Abschnitt 9.4).
Key characteristics of effective yoga interventions for managing osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Biswas Isha , Nalbant Gamze , Lewis Sarah , Chattopadhyay Kaushik 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to synthesise the content, structure, and delivery characteristics of effective yoga interventions for managing osteoarthritis symptoms, including joint pain and joint function. JBI guidelines were followed. 17 databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing yoga’s effectiveness on osteoarthritis symptoms. Meta-analyses and a narrative synthesis were conducted to address the objective. The systematic review and meta-analysis included 18 and 16 articles (representing 16 and 14 RCTs), respectively. Overall, the included studies had low methodological quality scores. 10 of 14 yoga interventions effectively reduced pain (standardised mean difference (SMD) − 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) − 1.08, − 0.32) and/or improved function (− 0.40; − 0.75, − 0.04). Notably, 8 effective interventions had centre-based (supervised, group) sessions, and 6 included additional home-based (unsupervised, individual) sessions. Effective interventions included 34 yogic poses (12 sitting, 10 standing, 8 supine, 4 prone), 8 breathing practices, and 3 meditation and relaxation practices. 8 interventions included yogic poses, and 7 also incorporated breathing practices and/or meditation and relaxation practices. 4 interventions included yogic pose modifications for osteoarthritis. The median duration of centre-based sessions was 8 weeks and each session was around 53 min, mostly delivered once a week. The median duration of home-based sessions was 10 weeks and each session was 30 min, usually instructed to practice 4 times a week. Given previous studies’ limitations, a high-quality long-term RCT should be conducted using synthesised findings of previous effective yoga interventions.