bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering hyaluronic acid-based nanoassemblies for monoclonal antibody delivery – design, characterization, and biological insights
Authors: López-Estévez Ana M. , Zhang Y. , Medel María , Arriaga Iker , Sanjurjo Lucía , Huck-Iriart Cristian , Abrescia Nicola G. A. , Vicent María J. , Ouyang Defang , Torres Dolores , Alonso María José 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe current spotlight of cancer therapeutics is shifting towards personalized medicine with the widespread use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Despite their increasing potential, mAbs have an intrinsic limitation related to their inability to cross cell membranes and reach intracellular targets. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions to overcome this limitation, however, formulation challenges remain. These challenges are the limited loading capacity (often insufficient to achieve clinical dosing), the complex formulation methods, and the insufficient characterization of mAb-loaded nanocarriers. Here, we present a new nanocarrier consisting of hyaluronic acid-based nanoassemblies (HANAs) specifically designed to entrap mAbs with a high efficiency and an outstanding loading capacity (50%, w/w). HANAs composed by an mAb, modified HA and phosphatidylcholine (PC) resulted in sizes of ~ 100 nm and neutral surface charge. Computational modeling identified the principal factors governing the high affinity of mAbs with the amphiphilic HA and PC. HANAs composition and structural configuration were analyzed using the orthogonal techniques cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). These techniques provided evidence of the formation of core-shell nanostructures comprising an aqueous core surrounded by a bilayer consisting of phospholipids and amphiphilic HA. In vitro experiments in cancer cell lines and macrophages confirmed HANAs’ low toxicity and ability to transport mAbs to the intracellular space. The reproducibility of this assembling process at industrial-scale batch sizes and the long-term stability was assessed. In conclusion, these results underscore the suitability of HANAs technology to load and deliver biologicals, which holds promise for future clinical translation.
Mindfulness Meditation and the Meaning of Life
Authors: Hanner Oren 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThroughout the history of philosophy, ethics has often been a source of guidance on how to live a meaningful life. Accordingly, when the ethical foundations of mindfulness are considered, an important question arises concerning the role of meditation in providing meaning. The present article proposes a new theoretical route for understanding the links between mindfulness meditation and meaningfulness by employing the terminology of Susan Wolf’s contemporary philosophical account of a meaningful life. It opens by examining the question of what kinds of life-meanings are made available by Buddhist doctrine, considering the two alternatives of a cosmic, human-independent meaning of life versus the subjective meanings that humans give to their individual lives. After surveying current psychological theories that aim to explain the correlation between mindfulness as a trait and meaning in life, all of which see mindfulness as a mediating factor in the production of meaning, I argue that Wolf’s framework offers a promising theoretical basis for clarifying the relationship between mindfulness and meaning in that it explains why mindfulness has a direct bearing on meaning in life. I then show that mindfulness meditation, as understood in Buddhism, can respond to some of the philosophical worries that arise from Wolf’s theory, specifically her concern with the standards for securing the objective value of meaningful activities and projects. My claim is that mindfulness meditation is representative of a broader class of activities that are non-subjectively valuable insofar as they are required for any exploration of objective meaning or standards of values, as well as for engagement in objectively valuable projects and activities.
Evaluation of Artocarpus heterophyllus seed performance and kinetics in the coagulation–flocculation process for the purification of paint industrial wastewater
Authors: Iloamaeke Ifeoma MaryJane , Obazie Kelvin , Offornze Mmesoma , Ifeaghalu Chiamaka Marysilvia , Aduaka Cecilia , Onyeije Ugomma Chibuzo , Ogu Claudine Ifunanaya , Okonkwo Ngozi Anastasia , Nnaji Nnaemeka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Artocarpus heterophyllus (AH) seed was used as a coagulant in this study to explore the effects of pH, settling time, and coagulant doses on the removal of colour, turbidity, and heavy metals from paint industrial wastewater. The AH coagulant was instrumentally characterized by SEM, FTIR, and XRD. The maximum colour and turbidity removal efficiencies were 94.33% and 99.94% at the dosage of 0.2 g/L, pH 2. The mercury removal efficiency of 99.29% was achieved at the optimal conditions of 0.8 g/L coagulant dosage and pH 8. At a dose of 1.0 g/L and a pH of 10, the highest lead removal efficiency was 99.76%. The best removal efficiency for arsenic was 75.24% at a 0.8 g/L coagulant dosage and pH of 8. All at a time of 50 and 40 min, respectively. XRD diffraction results before treatment depict that the AH coagulant was crystalline and changed to amorphous after treatment. The SEM and FTIR results of the coagulant revealed changes in the surface morphology and functional groups before and after treatment. The reaction kinetics were best modelled in second order.
The mutuality account of parenthood: a subjective approach to parent-child relationships
Authors: Holmes Isabella , McDougall Rosalind 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStimulated by development of reproductive technologies, many current bioethical accounts of parenthood focus on defining parenthood at or around birth. They tend to exclude from their scope some parent-child relationships that develop later in a child’s life. In reality, a parent-child relationship can emerge or dissolve over time: the parents of person A as an adolescent or adult may be different to her parents when she is a young child. To address this aspect of parenthood, we propose a new ‘mutuality account’ of parenthood, grounded in the concept of ontological security. We argue that in most cases a parent-child relationship exists if there is mutual ontological security between the parent and child. We suggest that this mutual ontological security is constituted and sustained by shared frameworks of reality and cohesive personal narratives. Our intention is to broaden the conceptual understanding of parenthood, to include parent-child relationships that do not fall neatly into current bioethical accounts, and to argue against the notion that objective physiological, causal, or social ties are necessary to ‘make’ a parent.
Sleep Disturbance Mediates the Associations Between HIV Stigma and Mental and Physical Health Among Black Adults with HIV
Authors: Dong Lu , Bogart Laura M. , Mutchler Matt G. , Klein David J. , Ghosh-Dastidar Madhumita , Lawrence Sean J. , Goggin Kathy , Wagner Glenn J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Black Americans have been disproportionally affected by the HIV epidemic, and experience significant disparities in sleep health, mental health, and physical health domains. Using longitudinal data from a sample of Black adults with HIV, the current study examined the associations between stigma and mental and physical health outcomes and how sleep disturbance may play a mediating role.

Methods
Data were drawn from a recent randomized controlled trial. Questionnaires were used to examine internalized and anticipated HIV stigma, perceived discrimination (enacted stigma) based on multiple social identities (i.e., HIV-serostatus, race, sexual orientation), sleep disturbance, mental health problems (depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptoms), and mental and physical health-related quality of life (HRQOL) at baseline, 7-month follow-up, and 13-month follow-up assessments. Linear mixed modeling was used to examine main effects of stigma on health outcomes; causal mediation analysis was used to estimate indirect paths through sleep disturbance.

Results
Internalized and anticipated HIV stigma and multiple discrimination were associated with more sleep disturbance, more depressive and PTSD symptoms, and poorer mental and physical HRQOL. Results also indicated significant indirect paths (i.e., mediation) through greater sleep disturbance between HIV-related stigma and discrimination and mental health and health-related quality of life.

Conclusions
Results support that sleep disturbance is a mediating pathway through which different forms of stigmas impact health outcomes. Sleep may be an intervention target to help improve mental and physical well-being and reduce health disparities among racial and ethnic minority people with HIV.
Automated abnormalities detection in mammography using deep learning
Authors: El-Banby Ghada M. , Salem Nourhan S. , Tafweek Eman A. , El-Azziz Essam N. Abd 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBreast cancer is the second most prevalent cause of cancer death and the most common malignancy among women, posing a life-threatening risk. Treatment for breast cancer can be highly effective, with a survival chance of 90% or higher, especially when the disease is detected early. This paper introduces a groundbreaking deep U-Net framework for mammography breast cancer images to perform automatic detection of abnormalities. The objective is to provide segmented images that show areas of tumors more accurately than other deep learning techniques. The proposed framework consists of three steps. The first step is image preprocessing using the Li algorithm to minimize the cross-entropy between the foreground and the background, contrast enhancement using contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE), normalization, and median filtering. The second step involves data augmentation to mitigate overfitting and underfitting, and the final step is implementing a convolutional encoder-decoder network-based U-Net architecture, characterized by high precision in medical image analysis. The framework has been tested on two comprehensive public datasets, namely INbreast and CBIS-DDSM. Several metrics have been adopted for quantitative performance assessment, including the Dice score, sensitivity, Hausdorff distance, Jaccard coefficient, precision, and F1 score. Quantitative results on the INbreast dataset show an average Dice score of 85.61% and a sensitivity of 81.26%. On the CBIS-DDSM dataset, the average Dice score is 87.98%, and the sensitivity reaches 90.58%. The experimental results ensure earlier and more accurate abnormality detection. Furthermore, the success of the proposed deep learning framework in mammography shows promise for broader applications in medical imaging, potentially revolutionizing various radiological practices.
The Role of House Prices and Transactions in Monetary Policy Transmission: The Case of Italy
Authors: Fiorelli Cristiana , Marzano Elisabetta , Piselli Paolo , Rubinacci Roberta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe housing market is a key channel for monetary policy transmission. The literature has focused mainly on cyclical fluctuations in house prices rather than other indicators to account for housing market dynamics, such as residential transactions. This paper investigated the impact of the monetary policy stance on the housing market by considering residential transactions (together with house prices). First, we estimated a structural vector autoregressive (VAR) model for Italy from 1999Q1 to 2019Q4 using Cholesky structural identification. Second, we used an external instrument to identify the contemporaneous response of all endogenous variables to the shock of interest (Proxy-VAR). Our results indicate that transactions are more significantly reactive than house prices to a restrictive monetary policy shock. After a policy rate increases, the sudden stop in exchange volumes and the low degree of liquidity perceived in the housing market can contribute to shaping the housing wealth effect captured by prices. The results are supported by a robustness analysis based on local projections. Therefore, policy-makers should consider the role of residential transactions in evaluating the effectiveness of monetary policy transmission.
Trunk-Inspired SWCNT-Based Wrinkled Films for Highly-Stretchable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Wearable Thermotherapy
Authors: Gong Xiaofeng , Hu Tianjiao , Zhang You , Zeng Yanan , Zhang Ye , Jiang Zhenhua , Tan Yinlong , Zou Yanhong , Wang Jing , Dai Jiayu , Chu Zengyong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNowadays, the increasing electromagnetic waves generated by wearable devices are becoming an emerging issue for human health, so stretchable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are highly demanded. Elephant trunks are capable of grabbing fragile vegetation and tearing trees thanks not only to their muscles but also to their folded skins. Inspired by the wrinkled skin of the elephant trunks, herein, we propose a winkled conductive film based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for multifunctional EMI applications. The conductive film has a sandwich structure, which was prepared by coating SWCNTs on both sides of the stretched elastic latex cylindrical substrate. The shrinking-induced winkled conductive network could withstand up to 200% tensile strain. Typically, when the stretching direction is parallel to the polarization direction of the electric field, the total EMI shielding effectiveness could surprisingly increase from 38.4 to 52.7 dB at 200% tensile strain. It is mainly contributed by the increased connection of the SWCNTs. In addition, the film also has good Joule heating performance at several voltages, capable of releasing pains in injured joints. This unique property makes it possible for strain-adjustable multifunctional EMI shielding and wearable thermotherapy applications.
Place, Memory, and the Landscape of Finnish Civil War Reconciliation
Authors: Ylimaunu Timo , Mullins Paul R. , Aalto Sirpa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn important dimension of the newly independent Finland national narrative was constructed with the deeper historical knowledge of the civil-war monuments erected after independence in 1917. Finnish historical memory struggled to accommodate its horrific 1918 civil war in the new national heritage. The state rejected public monuments to the civil war’s vanquished “Reds”––the lost, socialist side of the war––but survivors, allies, and families of Reds fabricated a memorial landscape at the many mass graves, execution sites, and prison camps scattered throughout the country. This article examines the ways the Reds negotiated state historical narratives through the establishment of a monumental landscape that was forced to be outside urban spaces and created dissonances and counter-memories of the civil war and a measure of reconciliation between former combatants.
“They just forget about the students”: Growing resilient urban farmers with a research practice partnership
Authors: Sager Marc T. , Petrosino Anthony J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA sustainable transdisciplinary research network was established through a research practice partnership (RPP) between an urban farm, faculty and staff from a Historically Black College (HBC), and researchers at a medium-sized private university. We investigate student-worker resilience at this urban farm situated on the HBC campus, drawing on literature that explores tensions between informal learning environments and formal spaces, equitable food systems and farming systems, as well as the resilience of farm work, and which is grounded critical food systems education theory. Utilizing a participatory design approach, we conducted semi-structured interviews and deductively analyzed the data. The research questions guiding this paper are: (1) What topics of discussion are most important to the student-workers and staff working on an urban farm, (2) How do student-workers and college staff members perceive and experience resilience on an urban farm? We found that what participants on an urban farm discuss, relating to their experiences, include (1) how participants were eager to engage with the local community, (2) how participants demonstrated resilience while working on the urban farm, (3) how power dynamics played a pivotal role informing the direction of the urban farm, (4) how participants consider community access to healthy foods an important mission for the farm, (5) how the college acted as a power wielding entity, perpetuating its privilege over the farmers and the farm operations. These findings have the potential to enable community organizing spaces to promote resilience for their volunteers and workers, and for urban farms top partner with their community to promote the mission of increasing access to healthy and affordable food options.
Cereal production in Africa: the threat of current plant pathogens in changing climate-a review
Authors: Benjamin Joshua , Oyedokun David Olayinka , Oziegbe Emmanuel Victor , Oni Joshua , Ogundare Emmanuel Boluwatife , Ujah Godswill Ofuowoichoyama , Adebayo Aminat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn Sub-Saharan Africa, cereals are threatened by stress-inducing microbial pathogens and parasites such as fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes leading to significant losses. Mycotoxin-producing fungi like Fusarium graminearum induce head blight disease causing 30–70% of yield losses in wheat. In comparison, Fusarium verticillioides accounts for ear rot diseases that account for 13–70% of maize yield losses in Sub-Saharan Africa. Outbreaks of the devastating rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae have caused up to 48% yield losses of rice in Kenya. The grey leaf spot fungus, C. zeina, gradually becomes a threat to maize production, causing a 65% yield loss in South Africa. Maize smut and ergot-causing pathogens, Sporisorium ehrenbergii and Claviceps africana, under mildly humid and cold climatic conditions, impact grain quality and market value. The maize streak virus predominantly ravages maize fields all over Sub-Saharan Africa causing 30–100% yield losses while the diseases caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae has led to 10 to 50% yield losses in rice production. In Nigeria, nematode pathogens like Pratylenchus spp have been reported to cause yield losses of up to 27% in maize production. This review fundamentally discusses these cereal pathogens and their current and future impact in the face of climate change in Africa. We seriously emphasize the need for more simulation studies on each of these pathogens across Sub-Saharan Africa and their potential impact under current and future climate change scenarios.
Green synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Monoon longifolium leave extract for biological applications
Authors: Bekele Sisay Geda , Ganta Dawit Darcha , Endashaw Muluneh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present study deals with the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the Monoonlongifolium (M. longifolium) leaf extract. The prepared ZnO NPs were characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, TGA/DTA, and SEM. The synthesis parameters, such as plant extract volume (10–50 mL), heating duration (15 min), zinc nitrate concentration (1 mM), reaction time (1 h), and temperature (60 °C), were optimized. The synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcusaureus (22 ± 0.57 mm) and Escherichiacoli (19 ± 1 mm), as well as antifungal activity against Candidaalbicans (21 ± 0.16 mm), as determined by the agar-well-diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZnO-NPs against S. aureus (6.25µg/mL) and E. coli (12.5 µg/mL), respectively, while the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was 25 µg/mL against Candidaalbicans. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of the ZnO NPs ranged from 0 to 78% (IC50 = 12.5 μg/mL). These results demonstrate the potential of the synthesized ZnO NPs as effective antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant agents.
A Global Marine Sediment Compilation and a Cerium Anomaly Perspective on Metasomatized Mantle Sources for REE‐Mineralized Carbonatites
Authors: Anenburg Michael , Liu Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRare earth elements (REE) are vital for powerful permanent magnets used in electric motors and wind turbines. These elements are chiefly sourced from carbonatites and their weathering products. The economic attractiveness of carbonatites is explained by the 10,000‐fold enrichment of REE in their mineralized portions relative to the average continental crust. Carbonatites form from mantle‐derived melts, but the ultimate origin of their REE is not completely clear. One widely cited model invokes subduction of marine sediments which accumulate REE‐rich material, priming the mantle to produce REE‐rich carbonatite melts which subsequently form deposits in the upper crust. Here we examine a global marine sediment compilation, revealing a wide variety in REE abundances and patterns. We use the sensitive lambda method that separates REE pattern curvature from redox‐related element anomalies to examine both marine sediments and presumably derived carbonatite rocks. We find that the most REE‐rich marine sediments are characterized by strongly negative Ce anomalies, which if recycled via subduction, mineralized carbonatites are expected to inherit. In contrast, we find that mineralized carbonatite rocks do not contain Ce anomalies. This indicates that the REE from the most REE‐rich marine sediments are not recycled into carbonatite deposits, and a different REE source is needed to explain carbonatite fertilities. We also find evidence that raises questions on whether any sediment‐derived REE are present in carbonatite deposits to a significant amount. We suggest that a REE‐rich source may not be required and REE enrichment occurs primarily during crustal magmatic differentiation.
A Conceptual Framework to Assess Post‐Wildfire Water Quality: State of the Science and Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Elliott Sarah M. , Hornberger Michelle I. , Rosenberry Donald O. , Frus Rebecca J. , Webb Richard M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWildfire substantially alters aquatic ecosystems by inducing moderate to catastrophic physical and chemical changes. However, the relations of environmental and watershed variables that drive those effects are complex. We present a Driver‐Factor‐Stressor‐Effect (DFSE) conceptual framework to assess the current state of the science related to post‐wildfire water‐quality. We reviewed 64 peer‐reviewed papers using the DFSE framework to identify drivers, factors, stressors, and effects associated with each study. A total of five drivers were identified and ranked according to their frequency of occurrence in the literature: atmospheric processes > fire characteristics > ecologic processes and characteristics > land surface characteristics > soil characteristics. Commonly reported stressors include increased nutrients, runoff, and sediment transport. Furthermore, although several different factors have been used at least once to explain water‐quality effects, relatively few factors outside of precipitation and fire characteristics are frequently studied. We identified several gaps indicating the need for long‐term monitoring, multi‐factor studies, consideration of organic contaminants, consideration of groundwater, and inclusion of soil characteristics. This assessment expands on other reviews and meta‐analyses by exploring causal linkages between influential variables and overall effects in post‐wildfire watersheds. Information gathered from our assessment and the framework itself can be used to inform future monitoring plans and as a guide for modeling efforts focused on better understanding specific processes or to mitigate potential risks of post‐wildfire water quality.