bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytically Active Coatings on the Basis of Titanium Dioxide for Ozone Destruction
Authors: Karabanov Sergey M. , Karabanov Andrey S. , Suvorov Dmitriy V. , Gololobov Gennadiy P. , Slivkin Evgeniy V. , Klyagina Mariya A. , Tarabrin Dmitriy Y. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTCreation of high efficiency and safe air purification systems is the important task caused by their wide use in living quarters, medical institutions, industrial areas. The most effective cleaning systems are the ozone based ones which is formed as the result of the corona or barrier discharge. The main disadvantage of these purification systems is high concentration of ozone in discharge air. The paper concentrates on the study of catalytically active coatings on the basis of titanium dioxide for effective destruction of ozone inside air purification systems. It is shown that use of catalytically active coatings of collecting electrodes on the basis of titanium dioxide and manganese oxide allows to decrease significantly (20-50%) the ozone concentration at the filter exit. As the results of the researches the following requirements have been determined: -
Kreuzotterbisse bei Hunden in Süddeutschland
Authors: Turković V. , Teichmann S. , Dörfelt R. 
Published: July 2015

ZusammenfassungIn verschiedenen Regionen Deutschlands werden vor allem in den Sommermonaten Hunde mit Bissverletzungen durch Schlangen vorgestellt. Bei den Patienten bestehen oft multiple klinische und labordiagnostische Abweichungen. Die Diagnose ist bei Fehlen des entsprechenden Vorberichts schwierig. Ziel der retrospektiven Untersuchung von Hunden mit Kreuzotterbissen war, Symptome, klinische und labordiagnostische Befunde sowie deren Verlauf zu dokumentieren und Abweichungen darzustellen.Im Untersuchungszeitraum von 6,5 Jahren konnten 15 Krankenakten von Hunden mit der Diagnose Schlangenbiss ausfindig gemacht und ausgewertet werden. Die Daten wurden mit dem D’Agostinound Pearson-Omnibus-Normalitätstest auf Normalverteilung getestet und mit dem gepaarten T-Test oder dem Wilcoxon-Vorzeichen-Rang-Test analysiert. Als statistisch signifikant galten p-Werte < 0,05.Die Vorstellung der 15 Hunde erfolgte innerhalb von 1–48 Stunden nach dem Kreuzotterbiss. Die häufigsten klinischen Symptome waren Schwellungen an der Bissstelle und Schmerzsymptome wie Lahmheit oder Jammern. Labordiagnostisch fielen an Tag 1 (Tag der Vorstellung) Hämokonzentration, Leukozytose und Koagulopathien auf. An Tag 2 sanken Herzfrequenz und Hämatokrit signifikant ab. Die Therapie bestand vor allem aus Infusion, Antibiose, Antihistaminika, Glukokortikoiden, Antivenom und Analgetika. Die Dauer des Klinikaufenthalts lag bei 1–8 Tagen (Durchschnitt 4,2 ± 1,9 Tage). Vierzehn der 15 Hunde wurden aus der Klinik entlassen, einer verstarb an Tag 3.Von Kreuzotterbissen betroffene Hunde werden meistens aufgrund von Schwellungen und Schmerzsymptomen an der Bissstelle, meist an Gliedmaßen oder Kopf, vorgestellt. Die klinischen Symptome und labordiagnostischen Abweichungen sind vielfältig und häufig unspezifisch. Betroffene Hunde benötigen eine intensive symptomatische Therapie, gegebenenfalls inklusive Antibiose und Analgesie. Die Überlebensrate ist bei adäquater Therapie hoch. Dennoch können Hunde an einem Kreuzotterbiss versterben.
Nested species‐rich networks of scavenging vertebrates support high levels of interspecific competition
Authors: Sebastián‐González Esther , Moleón Marcos , Gibert Jean P. , Botella Francisco , Mateo‐Tomás Patricia , Olea Pedro P. , Guimarães Paulo R. , Sánchez‐Zapata José A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDisentangling the processes that shape the organization of ecological assemblages and its implications for species coexistence is one of the foremost challenges of ecology. Although insightful advances have recently related community composition and structure with species coexistence in mutualistic and antagonistic networks, little is known regarding other species assemblages, such as those of scavengers exploiting carrion. Here we studied seven assemblages of scavengers feeding on ungulate carcasses in mainland Spain. We used dynamical models to investigate if community composition, species richness and structure (nestedness) affect species coexistence at carcasses. Scavenging networks showed a nested pattern in sites where highly efficient, obligate scavengers (i.e., vultures) were present and a non‐nested pattern everywhere else. Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) and certain meso‐facultative mammalian scavengers (i.e., red fox, Vulpes vulpes, and stone marten, Martes foina) were the main species contributing to nestedness. Assemblages with vultures were also the richest ones in species. Nested species‐rich assemblages with vulture presence were associated with high carcass consumption rates, indicating higher interspecific competition at the local scale. However, the proportion of species stopping the consumption of carrion (as derived from the competitive dynamic model) stabilized at high richness and nestedness levels. This suggests that high species richness and nestedness may characterize scavenging networks that are robust to high levels of interspecific competition for carrion. Some facilitative interactions driven by vultures and major facultative scavengers could be behind these observations. Our findings are relevant for understanding species’ coexistence in highly competitive systems.
How Patients Contribute to an Online Psychoeducation Forum for Bipolar Disorder: A Virtual Participant Observation Study
Authors: Poole Ria , Smith Daniel , Simpson Sharon 
Published: July 2015

Background
In a recent exploratory randomized controlled trial, an online psychoeducation intervention for bipolar disorder has been found to be feasible and acceptable to patients and may positively impact on their self-management behaviors and quality of life.

Objective
The objective of the study was to investigate how these patients contribute to an online forum for bipolar disorder and the issues relevant for them.

Methods
Participants in the intervention arm of the Bipolar Interactive PsychoEDucation (“BIPED”) trial were invited to contribute to the Beating Bipolar forum alongside receiving interactive online psychoeducation modules. Within this virtual participant observation study, forum posts were analyzed using thematic analysis, incorporating aspects of discourse analysis.

Results
The key themes which arose from the forum posts included: medication, employment, stigma, social support, coping strategies, insight and acceptance, the life chart, and negative experiences of health care. Participants frequently provided personal narratives relating to their history of bipolar disorder, life experiences, and backgrounds, which often contained emotive language and humor. They regularly sought and offered advice, and expressed encouragement and empathy. The forum would have benefitted from more users to offer a greater support network with more diverse views and experiences.

Conclusions
Online forums are inexpensive to provide and may offer peer support and the opportunity for patients to share their experiences and explore issues related to their illness anonymously. Future research should focus on how to enhance patient engagement with online health care forums.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN81375447; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN81375447 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6YzWtHUqu).
Combined effect of photobiomodulation with a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor on the rate of relapse in rats
Authors: Lee Sang-Hyun , Kim Kyung-A , Anderson Stephanie , Kang Yoon-Goo , Kim Su-Jung 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate combined effect of photobiomodulation with a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor on the relapse rate in relation to MMP expression in rats.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-two rats were divided into four groups according to the treatment modality: control group, irradiation group, doxycycline group, and irradiation with doxycycline group. During a relapse period of 5 days after orthodontic movement, maxillary central incisors were treated by low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as a photobiomodulation and/or doxycycline as a synthetic MMP inhibitor. Relapse rate was evaluated in association with MMP expression at the gene and protein levels.

Results:
Relapse rates were increased by LLLT (1.57-fold) and decreased by doxycycline (0.83-fold) compared with the control, showing positive correlation with the levels of expression for all MMPs in the periodontal ligament (PDL). LLLT concomitant with doxycycline administration resulted in no significant differences of relapse rate and MMP expression from the control.

Conclusions:
The combined effect of photobiomodulation with an MMP inhibitor around the relapsing teeth proved to be antagonistic to PDL remodeling activity during relapse. This study suggests a basis for developing a novel biologic procedure targeting the MMP-dependent PDL remodeling to control the relapse rate.
Allogeneic Mesenchymal Precursor Cells in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Safety and Tolerability Pilot Study
Authors: Skyler Jay S. , Fonseca Vivian A. , Segal Karen R. , Rosenstock Julio 
Published: July 2015

OBJECTIVETo assess the safety, tolerability, and feasibility of adult allogeneic bone marrow–derived mesenchymal precursor cells (MPCs) in type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin either alone or with one additional oral antidiabetic agent.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe study was a dose-escalating randomized placebo-controlled trial assessing one intravenous (IV) infusion of MPCs (rexlemestrocel-L; Mesoblast Inc.) 0.3 × 106/kg (n = 15), 1.0 × 106/kg (n = 15), or 2.0 × 106/kg (n = 15) or placebo (n = 16). Study duration was 12 weeks.RESULTSSubjects (21 women, 40 men) with a mean ± SD baseline HbA1c 8.3 ± 1.0% (67 ± 10.9 mmol/mol), BMI 33.5 ± 5.5 kg/m2, and diabetes duration 10.1 ± 6.0 years were enrolled at 18 U.S. sites. No acute adverse events (AEs) were associated with infusion. No serious AEs, serious hypoglycemia AEs, or discontinuations due to AEs over 12 weeks were found. No subjects developed donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies or became sensitized. The safety profile was comparable among treatment groups. Compared with placebo, a single IV infusion of rexlemestrocel-L reduced HbA1c at all time points after week 1. The adjusted least squares mean ± SE dose-related differences in HbA1c from placebo in the rexlemestrocel-L groups ranged from −0.1 ± 0.2% (−1.1 ± 2.2 mmol/mol) to −0.4 ± 0.2% (4.4 ± 2.2 mmol/mol) at 8 weeks and from 0.0 ± 0.25% to −0.3 ± 0.25% (−3.3 ± −2.7 mmol/mol) at 12 weeks (P &lt; 0.05 for 2.0 × 106/kg dose at 8 weeks). The clinical target HbA1c &lt;7% (53 mmol/mol) was achieved by 33% (5 of 15) of the subjects who received the 2.0 × 106/kg dose vs. 0% of those who received placebo (P &lt; 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThis short-term study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of up to 246 million MPCs in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Do silvicultural practices to restore oaks affect salamanders in the short term?
Authors: Raybuck Amy L. , Moorman Christopher E. , Fritts Sarah R. , Greenberg Cathryn H. , DePerno Christopher S. , Simon Dean M. , Warburton Gordon S. 
Published: July 2015

Salamanders are an important ecological component of eastern hardwood forests and may be affected by natural or silvicultural disturbances that alter habitat structure and associated microclimate. From May to August in 2008 (pretreatment) and 2011 (post‐treatment), we evaluated the response of salamanders to three silvicultural practices designed to promote oak regeneration — prescribed fire, midstory herbicide application and shelterwood harvest — and a control. We trapped salamanders using drift fences with pitfall traps in five replicates of the four treatments. Only the southern gray‐cheeked salamander Plethodon metcalfi and the southern Appalachian salamander P. teyahalee were captured in sufficient numbers for robust statistical analysis. We analyzed data for these species using single‐species dynamic occupancy models in statistical software program R. We allowed changes in four covariates to influence extinction probability from pre‐ to post‐treatment implementation: 1) percent leaf litter cover; 2) percent understory cover; 3) percent CWD cover; and 4) percent canopy cover. The final combined model set describing extinction probability contained four models with ΔAIC < 2 for P. metcalfi and nine models with ΔAIC < 2, including the null model, for P. teyahalee. For both species, the 95% confidence intervals for model‐averaged extinction probability parameter estimates overlapped zero, suggesting none were significant predictors of extinction probability. Absence of short‐term salamander response in midstory herbicide and prescribed burn treatments was likely because of minor or transitory changes to forest structure. In shelterwood harvests, any potential effects of reduced canopy and leaf litter cover may have been mitigated by rapid post‐treatment vegetation sprouting. Additionally, climatic conditions associated with high elevation sites and high amounts of rainfall in 2011 may have compensated for potential changes to microclimate. Continued monitoring of Plethodon salamanders to assess responses at longer time scales (e.g. > 3 years post‐treatment) is warranted.
The Effect of Fluid Overload on Clinical Outcome in Southern Chinese Patients Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Guo Qunying , Lin Jianxiong , Li Jianying , Yi Chunyan , Mao Haiping , Yang Xiao , Yu Xueqing 
Published: July 2015

Background Fluid overload is frequently present in dialysis patients and one of the important predictors of patient outcome. This study aimed to investigate the influence of fluid overload on all-cause mortality and technique failure in Southern Chinese continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods This was a post hoc study from a cross-sectional survey originally designed to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of fluid overload defined by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) in CAPD patients from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2009. All 307 CAPD patients completing the original study were followed up until December 31, 2012. Results With a median follow-up period of 38.4 (19.2 - 47.9) months, 52 patients died. Patients with fluid overload (defined by extracellular water/total body water [ECW/TBW] ≥ 0.40) had a significantly higher peritonitis rate (0.016 vs 0.011 events/month exposure, p = 0.018) and cerebrovascular event rate (3.9 vs 1.1 events/100 patient years, p = 0.024) than the normal hydrated patients. Moreover, the results showed a significant rising of all-cause mortality (log-rank test = 5.59, p = 0.018), and a trend of increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality (log-rank test = 2.90, p = 0.089) and technique failure (log-rank test = 3.78, p = 0.052) in the patients with fluid overload. Fluid overload independently predicted all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 12.98, 95%, confidence interval [CI] = 1.06 - 168.23, p = 0.042) and technique failure (HR = 13.56, 95% CI = 2.53 - 78.69, p = 0.007) in CAPD patients after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions Fluid overload defined by BIA was an independent predictor for all-cause mortality and technique failure in CAPD patients. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with fluid overload had a higher peritonitis rate, cardiovascular event rate, and poorer clinical outcome than those patients with normal hydration.
The Association of Effluent CA125 with Peritoneal Dialysis Technique Failure
Authors: Barreto Deirisa Lopes , Hoekstra Tiny , Halbesma Nynke , Leegte Martijn , Boeschoten Elisabeth W. , Dekker Friedo W. , Krediet Raymond T. 
Published: July 2015

Background and objectives Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) reflects the mesothelial cell mass lining the peritoneal membrane in individual patients. A decline or absence of mesothelial cells can be observed with duration of peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy. Technique failure due to peritoneal membrane malfunction becomes of greater importance after 2 years of PD therapy in comparison to the initial period. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between effluent CA125 and technique survival in incident PD patients with a PD therapy period of at least 2 years. Methods Within the Netherlands Cooperative Study on the Adequacy of Dialysis (NECOSAD), a Dutch multicenter cohort including 2,000 incident dialysis patients, we identified all PD patients who developed technique failure after 2 years of PD therapy and randomly selected a number of them as cases in a nested case-control study. Controls were PD patients matched on follow-up time without technique failure. Cases and controls were included if they had a dialysate specimen available within 24 ± 6 months of PD therapy for retrospective CA125 determinations. Odds ratios for technique failure related to CA125 were estimated. We used a prospective cohort with incident PD patients from the Academic Medical Center–University of Amsterdam (AMC) for replication of effect estimates. In these patients, absolute risk of technique failure was estimated and related to effluent CA125 levels. Results A total of 38 PD patients were selected from the NECOSAD cohort. From the AMC cohort as replication cohort, 91 PD patients were included. Incidence rates of PD technique failure per 100 patient-years were 16.3 in the NECOSAD cohort and 12.9 in the AMC cohort. In both study populations CA125 levels below 12 – 14 kU/L were associated with an increased risk for technique failure. Technique survival rates in the AMC were 87% in patients with levels of CA125 above 12.1 kU/L and 65% for those with CA125 levels below this threshold after a maximum 5-year follow-up. Conclusions Patients with high CA125 levels after at least 2 years of PD therapy tend to have better technique survival than patients with low CA125 levels. These results support the importance of effluent CA125 as a risk factor for dropout in long-term PD therapy.
Wingnut (Juglandaceae) as a new generic host forPityophthorus juglandis(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the thousand cankers disease pathogen,Geosmithia morbida(Ascomycota: Hypocreales)
Authors: Hishinuma Stacy M. , Dallara Paul L. , Yaghmour Mohammad A. , Zerillo Marcelo M. , Parker Corwin M. , Roubtsova Tatiana V. , Nguyen Tivonne L. , Tisserat Ned A. , Bostock Richard M. , Flint Mary L. , Seybold Steven J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe walnut twig beetle (WTB),Pityophthorus juglandisBlackman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), vectors a fungus,Geosmithia morbidaKolařík, Freeland, Utley, and Tisserat (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), which colonises and kills the phloem of walnut and butternut trees,JuglansLinnaeus (Juglandaceae). Over the past two decades, this condition, known as thousand cankers disease (TCD), has led to the widespread mortality ofJuglansspecies in the United States of America. Recently the beetle and pathogen were discovered on severalJuglansspecies in northern Italy. Little is known about the extra-generic extent of host acceptability and suitability for the WTB. We report the occurrence of both the WTB andG. morbidain three species of wingnut,Pterocarya fraxinifoliaSpach,Pterocarya rhoifoliaSiebold and Zuccarini, andPterocarya stenopterade Candolle (Juglandaceae) growing in the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository collection in northern California (NCGR) and in the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden in southern California, United States of America. In two instances (once inP. stenopteraand once inP. fraxinifolia) teneral (i.e., brood) adult WTB emerged and were collected more than four months after infested branch sections had been collected in the field. Koch’s postulates were satisfied with an isolate ofG. morbidafromP. stenoptera, confirming this fungus as the causal agent of TCD in this host. A survey of the 37PterocaryaKunth accessions at the NCGR revealed that 46% of the trees had WTB attacks and/or symptoms ofG. morbidainfection. The occurrence of other subcortical Coleoptera associated withPterocaryaand the first occurrence of the polyphagous shot hole borer, a species nearEuwallacea fornicatusEichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), inJuglansare also documented.
Rapid-onset obesity, hypoventilation, hypothalamic dysfunction, autonomic dysregulation syndrome
Authors: Maksoud Ismaeil , Kassab Lina 
Published: July 2015

AbstractRapid-onset obesity with hypoventilation, hypothalamic dysfunction and autonomic dysregulation syndrome is a rare disorder that presents with rapidly evolving obesity with several endocrine disorders during early childhood. We present here a documented case of a 6-year-old Syrian girl with the characteristic symptoms of rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation, associated with an abdominal mass (mature ganglioneuroma).
Tenofovir induced lichenoid drug eruption
Authors: Gupta Mrinal , Gupta Heena , Gupta Anish 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCutaneous adverse reactions are a common complication of anti-retroviral therapy. Tenofovir is a newer anti-retroviral drug belonging to the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor group. Systemic adverse effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity are common with tenofovir but cutaneous adverse effects are rare. Lichenoid drug eruptions are a common adverse effect seen with a large variety of drugs including antimalarials, antihypertensives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and diuretics. Lichenoid drug eruption is a rare cutaneous adverse effect of tenofovir with only a single case reported till date. Here, we report a case of tenofovir induced lichenoid drug eruption in a 54-year-old human immunodeficiency virus affected male who presented with generalized lichenoid eruption after 6 weeks of initiation of tenofovir and complete clearance on cessation of the drug.
My Nietzsche at Thirty
Authors: Schacht Richard 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
In what follows I respond to the contributions of Helmut Heit, Maudemarie Clark, and John Richardson to a retrospective symposium held on the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of the appearance of my 1983 book Nietzsche. There is much more in the three contributions than I can possibly respond to here, so I have been selective, commenting on some of the things said in them that seem to me to be most relevant to an understanding and appreciation of the book, to what I was trying to do in it, and to my approach to Nietzsche, both in it and growing out of it. I also take this occasion to say some things about the book and the circumstances surrounding its appearance.
Nietzsche's Conception of Truth: Correspondence, Coherence, or Pragmatist?
Authors: Remhof Justin 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
Nearly every common theory of truth has been attributed to Nietzsche, while some commentators have argued that he simply has no theory of truth. This essay argues that Nietzsche's remarks on truth are better situated within either the coherence or pragmatist theories of truth than the correspondence theory. Nietzsche's thoughts conflict with the correspondence framework because he believes that the truth conditions of propositions are constitutively dependent on our actions.
Nietzsche's Early Perfectionism: A Cultural Reading of “The Greek State”
Authors: Church Jeffrey 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
Nietzsche's early essay “The Greek State” has been understood as unambiguous evidence of Nietzsche's “aristocratic radicalism,” that he rejected liberal democracy and advocated slavery, war, and the sacrifice of the many for the few. This article challenges the scholarly consensus. I argue that “The Greek State” critiques liberal culture, not its institutions, and it proposes modern functional alternatives to ancient practices of slavery and war. The broader aim of my article is to move beyond the debate between “aristocratic” and “democratic” readings of Nietzsche's perfectionism.