bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure of the St. Louis Encephalitis Virus Postfusion Envelope Trimer
Authors: Luca Vincent C. , Nelson Christopher A. , Fremont Daved H. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTSt. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus responsible for several human encephalitis outbreaks over the last 80 years. Mature flavivirus virions are coated with dimeric envelope (E) proteins that mediate attachment and fusion with host cells. E is a class II fusion protein, the hallmark of which is a distinct dimer-to-trimer rearrangement that occurs upon endosomal acidification and insertion of hydrophobic fusion peptides into the endosomal membrane. Herein, we report the crystal structure of SLEV E in the posfusion trimer conformation. The structure revealed specific features that differentiate SLEV E from trimers of related flavi- and alphaviruses. SLEV E fusion loops have distinct intermediate spacing such that they are positioned further apart than previously observed in flaviviruses but closer together than Semliki Forest virus, an alphavirus. Domains II and III (DII and DIII) of SLEV E also adopt different angles relative to DI, which suggests that the DI-DII joint may accommodate spheroidal motions. However, trimer interfaces are well conserved among flaviviruses, so it is likely the differences observed represent structural features specific to SLEV function. Analysis of surface potentials revealed a basic platform underneath flavivirus fusion loops that may interact with the anionic lipid head groups found in membranes. Taken together, these results highlight variations in E structure and assembly that may direct virus-specific interactions with host determinants to influence pathogenesis.
SNX17 Facilitates Infection with Diverse Papillomavirus Types
Authors: Bergant Martina , Banks Lawrence 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT
Previous studies have shown that the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) L2 capsid protein plays an essential role in viral infection, in part through its interaction with sorting nexin 17 (SNX17). We now show that this interaction between L2 and SNX17 is conserved across multiple PV types. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SNX17 is essential for infection with all PV types analyzed, indicating an evolutionarily highly conserved virus entry mechanism.
A Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Phosphorylation Site That Regulates RNA Replication
Authors: LeMay K. L. , Treadaway J. , Angulo I. , Tellinghuisen T. L. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT
The hepatitis C virus NS5A protein is essential for RNA replication and virion assembly. NS5A is phosphorylated on multiple residues during infections, but these sites remain uncharacterized. Here we identify serine 222 of genotype 2a NS5A as a phosphorylation site that functions as a negative regulator of RNA replication. This site is a component of the hyperphosphorylated form of NS5A, which is in good agreement with previous observations that hyperphosphorylation negatively affects replication.
Comparative Proteomics Reveal Fundamental Structural and Functional Differences between the Two Progeny Phenotypes of a Baculovirus
Authors: Hou Dianhai , Zhang Leike , Deng Fei , Fang Wei , Wang Ranran , Liu Xijia , Guo Lin , Rayner Simon , Chen Xinwen , Wang Hualin , Hu Zhihong 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

The replication of lepidopteran baculoviruses is characterized by the production of two progeny phenotypes: the occlusion-derived virus (ODV), which establishes infection in midgut cells, and the budded virus (BV), which disseminates infection to different tissues within a susceptible host. To understand the structural, and hence functional, differences between BV and ODV, we employed multiple proteomic methods to reveal the protein compositions and posttranslational modifications of the two phenotypes of
Helicoverpa armigera
nucleopolyhedrovirus. In addition, Western blotting and quantitative mass spectrometry were used to identify the localization of proteins in the envelope or nucleocapsid fractions. Comparative protein portfolios of BV and ODV showing the distribution of 54 proteins, encompassing the 21 proteins shared by BV and ODV, the 12 BV-specific proteins, and the 21 ODV-specific proteins, were obtained. Among the 11 ODV-specific envelope proteins, 8 either are essential for or contribute to oral infection. Twenty-three phosphorylated and 6
N
-glycosylated viral proteins were also identified. While the proteins that are shared by the two phenotypes appear to be important for nucleocapsid assembly and trafficking, the structural and functional differences between the two phenotypes are evidently characterized by the envelope proteins and posttranslational modifications. This comparative proteomics study provides new insight into how BV and ODV are formed and why they function differently.
Complete Genome Sequence of Duck Tembusu Virus, Isolated from Muscovy Ducks in Southern China
Authors: Zhu Wanjun , Chen Jidang , Wei Chunya , Wang Heng , Huang Zhen , Zhang Minze , Tang Fengfeng , Xie Jiexiong , Liang Huanbin , Zhang Guihong , Su Shuo 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT
We report here the complete genomic sequence of the duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) WJ-1 strain, isolated from Muscovy ducks. This is the first complete genome sequence of DTMUV reported in southern China. Compared with the other strains (TA, GH-2, YY5, and ZJ-407) that were previously found in eastern China, WJ-1 bears a few differences in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences. We found that there are 47 mutations of amino acids encoded by the whole open reading frame (ORF) among these five strains. The whole-genome sequence of DTMUV will help in understanding the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of duck Tembusu virus in southern China.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Coxsackievirus B3 Isolated from a Sichuan Snub-Nosed Monkey
Authors: He Wenqi , Lu Huijun , Zhao Kui , Song Deguang , Gai Xianying , Gao Feng 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is an enterovirus in the family
Picornaviridae
that is significant to human health, being associated with myocarditis, aseptic meningitis, and pancreatitis, among other conditions. In addition to humans, Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys can be infected and killed by CVB3. Here, we report the first complete genome sequence of a novel coxsackievirus B3 strain, SSM-CVB3, which was isolated from a deceased Sichuan snub-nosed monkey with severe myocarditis. Our findings may aid in understanding the evolutionary characteristics and molecular pathogenesis of this virus.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Novel Escherichia coli Phage phAPEC8
Authors: Tsonos J. , Adriaenssens E. M. , Klumpp J. , Hernalsteens J.-P. , Lavigne R. , De Greve H. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Bacteriophage phAPEC8 is an
Escherichia coli
-infecting myovirus, isolated on an avian pathogenic
Escherichia coli
(APEC) strain. APEC strains cause colibacillosis in poultry, resulting in high mortality levels and important economic losses. Genomic analysis of the 147,737-bp double-stranded DNA phAPEC8 genome revealed that 53% of the 269 encoded proteins are unique to this phage. Its closest relatives include the
Salmonella
phage PVP-SE1 and the coliphage rv5, with 19% and 18% similar proteins, respectively. As such, phAPEC8 represents a novel, phylogenetically distinct clade within the
Myoviridae
, with molecular properties suitable for phage therapy applications.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Newly Identified Porcine Astrovirus Genotype 3 Strain US-MO123
Authors: Xiao Chao-Ting , Halbur Patrick G. , Opriessnig Tanja 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT
Astrovirus (AstV) infections are among the most common causes of gastroenteritis and are also associated with extraintestinal manifestations in humans and many animals. Herein, for the first time, the complete genome sequence of newly identified porcine astrovirus genotype 3 (PAstV3) strain US-MO123 was determined. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed that PAstV3 has the closest relationship with mink AstV and the human AstV strains VA1, VA2, and SG, indicating the same ancestral origin and zoonotic potential of the virus.
Pseudoplusia includens Densovirus Genome Organization and Expression Strategy
Authors: Huynh Oanh T. H. , Pham Hanh T. , Yu Qian , Tijssen Peter 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

The genome of a densovirus of a major phytophagous pest,
Pseudoplusia includens
, was analyzed. It contained 5,990 nucleotides (nt) and included inverted terminal repeats of 540 nt with terminal Y-shaped hairpins of 120 nt. Its DNA sequence and ambisense organization with 4 typical open reading frames demonstrated that it belonged to the genus
Densovirus
in the subfamily
Densovirinae
of the family
Parvoviridae
.
Complete Genomic Sequence of a Reovirus Isolate from Pekin Ducklings in China
Authors: Ma Guoming , Wang Dan , Shi Jiajian , Jiang Tiantian , Yuan Yuan , Zhang Dabing 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT
The complete genomic sequence of a Pekin duck origin reovirus (DRV) from China was determined. The genome comprises 23,419 bp, with segments ranging from 1,191 bp (S4) to 3,959 bp (L1). Pairwise comparisons and phylogenetic analysis indicate that the Pekin duck origin reovirus is more closely related to the new type of Muscovy duck origin reovirus (N-MDRV) identified recently than to the chicken origin avian orthoreovirus (ARV) and the originally described Muscovy duck origin reovirus (ARV-Md).
Complete Genome of a Novel Endornavirus Assembled from Next-Generation Sequence Data
Authors: Espach Yolandi , Maree Hans J. , Burger Johan T. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Endornaviruses have large double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genomes that carry a single open reading frame (ORF). Here we report the complete genome of a novel endornavirus, assembled from next-generation sequence data generated from
Vitis vinifera
-extracted dsRNA. Two different fungal hosts have been identified for this virus, suggesting that horizontal transmission of the virus is possible.
Evaluation of Acupuncture for Cancer Symptoms in a Cancer Institute in Brazil
Authors: D'Alessandro Eduardo , de Brito Christina , Cecatto Rebeca , Saul Maira , Atta Jose Antonio , Lin Chin An 
Published: November 2012

Introduction Acupuncture has been progressively included in the practice of mainstream medicine in recent decades. The State of Sao Paulo Cancer Institute is a public hospital established in 2008 and its acupuncture service follows the experience and model of several oncology centres in the USA, aiming to optimise the treatment of symptoms such as postoperative pain, oncological pain, neuropathic pain, nausea, vomiting, xerostomia and fatigue induced by chemotherapy. This paper describes the population given acupuncture treatment and the effects of the intervention on symptom management. Methods One hundred and eighty-three patients from our service were enrolled in the study. Baseline and final symptom intensity was recorded using a visual analogue score (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10 cm, with a higher score meaning higher symptom intensity. Results Fifty-four (29.50%) were receiving active treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, 29 (15.85%) were receiving hormone therapy and 100 (54.65%) were considered to be in remission. The main symptoms were: oncological pain in 44 (24.04%), chemotoxicity in 34 (18.6%), lumbar pain in 53 (28.96%) and chronic postoperative pain in 54 (28.4%). The mean (SD) initial symptom score was 7.04 (1.8), which was reduced to 2.56 (2.75) after treatment (p<0.001), an improvement of 63.6% in control of the symptoms. Further analysis of the data showed that the effect was similar in different indications for acupuncture treatment. Conclusions Use of acupuncture may have improved symptom control in patients enrolled in this study.
Medical services at the first Winter Youth Olympic Games 2012 in Innsbruck/Austria
Authors: Blank Cornelia , Schamasch Patrick , Engebretsen Lars , Haslinger Simon , Ruedl Gerhard , Fink Christian , Schobersberger Wolfgang 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundThe Youth Olympic Games (YOG) are a new format designed by the International Olympic Committee. So far no reference data are available regarding the organisation or implementation of the medical services that were needed for the Winter Youth Olympic Games that took place for the first time in Innsbruck 9–24 January 2012.Objectives(1) To provide insight into what is needed to prepare for such a complex high level sporting event from a medical perspective, (2) to provide data on medical services for future organising committees and (3) to provide information on different National Olympic Committee (NOC) delegation structures and the consequences of registering a National Olympic Committee Team Physician.MethodsA medical information system in the form of a patient data-management system was developed with all involved parties to standardise data collection. All medical encounters occurring at any IYOGOC medical service centre (including physiotherapy and psychology facilities) were tracked and collected in daily reports. Data evaluation was prepared based on different interest groups (Athletes, National Olympic Committees, Workforce, International Olympic Committee and Media) and analysed.Results327 medical encounters (42.8% athletes; out of these, 57.9% were accounted to athletes with own NOC team physician) were seen during the YOG 2012. The total number of hospital transports was 27.3%, of which 8.9% were hospitalised with an average length of 1.9 nights. Physiotherapy usage was low with only 19 medical encounters resulting in a referral to physiotherapy accounting for 67 treatments during the entire YOG. Psychological care service was not used at all. The main reason for illnesses was disorders of the respiratory system (28.8%), injuries mostly affected upper extremities (49.6%) and were mostly diagnosed with lacerations and contusions (26.2%). Injury (70.7%) and illness (29.3%) incidences in athletes were slightly lower than previous studies showed. 40.0% of NOC delegations registered their own team physicians, which led to a significant difference in usage frequency of medical service (–3%, p=0.012).ConclusionsMedical service coverage at the first Winter Youth Olympic Games seemed to be appropriate. No disaster or epidemic disease challenged the medical service plan. Future organising committees could use the provided data as a reference for their planning efforts.
Antenatal iron/folic acid supplements, but not postnatal care, prevents neonatal deaths in Indonesia: analysis of Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys 2002/2003–2007 (a retrospective cohort study)
Authors: Titaley Christiana Rialine , Dibley Michael John 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the contribution of postnatal services to the risk of neonatal mortality, and the relative contributions of antenatal iron/folic acid supplements and postnatal care in preventing neonatal mortality in Indonesia.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting and participantsData used in this study were the 2002–2007 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys, nationally representative surveys. The pooled data provided survival information of 26 591 most recent live-born infants within the 5-years prior to each interview.Primary outcomesPrimary outcomes were early neonatal mortality, that is, deaths in the first week, and all neonatal mortality, that is, deaths in the first month of life. Exposures were antenatal iron/folic acid supplementation and postnatal care from days 1 to 7. Potential confounders were community, socio-economic status and birthing characteristics and perinatal healthcare. Cox regression was used to assess the association between study factors and neonatal mortality.ResultsPostnatal care services were not associated with newborn survival. Postnatal care on days 1–7 after birth did not reduce neonatal death (HR=1.00, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.83, p=1.00) and early postnatal care on day 1 was associated with an increased risk of early neonatal death (HR=1.27, 95% CI 0.69 to 2.32, p=0.44) possibly reflecting referral of ill newborns. Early postnatal care on day 1 was not protective for neonatal deaths on days 2–7 whether provided by doctors (HR 3.61, 95% CI 1.54 to 8.45, p<0.01), or by midwives or nurses (HR 1.38, 95% CI 0.53 to 3.57, p=0.512). In mothers who took iron/folic acid supplements during pregnancy, the risk of early neonatal death was reduced by 51% (HR=0.49, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.79, p<0.01).ConclusionsWe found no protective effect of postnatal care against neonatal deaths in Indonesia. However, important reductions in the risk of neonatal death were found for women who reported use of antenatal iron/folic acid supplements during pregnancy.
Discharge disposition disagreements and re-admission risk among older adults: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dinescu Anca , Korc-Grodzicki Beatriz , Farber Jeffrey , Ross Joseph S 
Published: November 2012

ObjectivesRe-admissions after hospitalisation are a burden for patients and costly. Our objective was to examine whether re-admissions were increased among older patients when they or their surrogates disagreed with the discharge disposition recommended by the clinical team at hospital discharge.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingLarge academic medical centre in New York, NY.Participants514 hospital discharges of older patients admitted to a geriatric inpatient service between 1 July 2007 and 30 June 2008.Primary outcome measure and main independent variableRe-admissions for any reason to any hospital within 30 days after discharge were identified. Agreement or disagreement with the discharge disposition recommended by the clinical team at hospital discharge was assessed.ResultsAmong 514 hospital discharges of older patients, the mean age was 83.1 years (SD=8.3), 75.7% were women, and approximately 90% were living at home prior to hospitalisation, despite 47.1% having some degree of cognitive impairment and 56.4% requiring assistance for activities of daily living or independent activities of daily living. There were 42 (8.2%) disposition disagreements; the majority (n=25; 59.5%) were discharged home despite the clinical team's recommendation for discharge to an acute or subacute facility. Overall, 158 (30.7%) were re-admitted within 30 days. There was no difference in re-admission rates between discharges with and without disposition disagreements (33.3% (144 of 472) vs 30.5% (14 of 42), respectively; OR=1.14, 95% CI 0.57 to 2.19; p=0.71). Adjusted analyses were consistent with these findings.ConclusionsDischarge disposition disagreements occurred relatively infrequently after hospitalisation among a group of older patients managed by a geriatrics inpatient service. In addition, we found no differences in re-admission when comparing patients who agreed or disagreed with the clinical team's recommended discharge disposition.
Self-reported treatment, workplace-oriented rehabilitation, change of occupation and subsequent sickness absence and disability pension among employees long-term sick-listed for psychiatric disorders: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Bryngelson Anna , Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor , Jensen Irene , Lundberg Ulrika , Åsberg Marie , Nygren Åke 
Published: November 2012

AimTo examine whether self-reported treatments, workplace-oriented rehabilitation and change of occupation were associated with subsequent sickness absence and disability pension among long-term sick-listed for psychiatric disorders.DesignA prospective cohort study.Setting and participants5200 employees (80% from the Swedish municipalities and county councils and 20% manual workers from the Swedish industry) were randomly selected who in 1999 in the register of AFA Insurance had a new spell of long-term sickness absence due to a psychiatric disorder. Of these, 99 were excluded (duplicates and deaths, persons living abroad, with protected personal information), and 5101 received a questionnaire in 2001. 3053 individuals responded (60%). After the exclusion of employees with no sick leave in 1999 according to the Swedish social insurance agency, aged 62 years and older, with disability pension 1999–2001, no self-reported treatment, and with missing information on the covariates, our final study group was 2324 individuals. Logistic regression analyses were performed.Outcome measuresSickness absence (>90 days) and disability pension (>0 day).Results45% had sickness absence and 18% a new disability pension in 2002. Drug treatment and physiotherapy, respectively, were associated with increased odds of sickness absence (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.90; OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.69), and disability pension (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.41; OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.40 to 2.18). Workplace-oriented rehabilitation and change of occupation, respectively, reduced the odds of sickness absence (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.83; OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.45).ConclusionsWe found a pattern of poorer outcome of drug treatment and physiotherapy compared with other treatments (psychotherapy, workplace-oriented rehabilitation and complementary or alternative medicine) in terms of increased odds of sickness absence and disability pension. Workplace-oriented rehabilitation and/or change of occupation were associated with reduced odds of sick leave. Studies with a randomised controlled trial design are needed to examine the effect on sick leave of a workplace-oriented intervention.
Isolated theory of mind deficits and risk for frontotemporal dementia: a longitudinal pilot study
Authors: Pardini Matteo , Emberti Gialloreti Leonardo , Mascolo Maria , Benassi Francesca , Abate Lucia , Guida Silvia , Viani Erica , Dal Monte Olga , Schintu Selene , Krueger Frank , Cocito Leonardo 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveRecent data suggest that theory of mind (ToM) deficits represent an early symptom of the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). However, longitudinal data on the natural history of subjects presenting with isolated ToM deficits are lacking. The aim of the study was to verify if isolated ToM deficits represent an at-risk state for prefrontal dysfunction and bvFTD.MethodsA population of healthy subjects (n=4150, age range: 50–60 years) completed a clinical and neuropsychological evaluation including the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), a widely used ToM task. From this group, we recruited a low-RMET group (n=83) including subjects with RMET scores lower than 2 SDs but an otherwise normal neuropsychological evaluation and a control group. All subjects underwent evaluation at baseline and after 2 years.ResultsSubjects in the low-RMET group showed decline in prefrontal functions at follow-up. Moreover, at follow-up 12 subjects in the low-RMET group presented with findings suggestive of bvFTD. Neuropsychological performance was stable in the control group.ConclusionsOur data suggest that isolated ToM deficits could represent an at-risk situation for the development of future prefrontal dysfunction and bvFTD. ToM evaluation should be included in neuropsychological protocols aimed to evaluate the early phases of dementia.