bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Causal Relationships Between Inflation, Savings, and Economic Growth in Pakistan
Authors: Ibrar Nayla , Ilyas Sidra , Abbas Asad , Sultan Sana , Sheikh Muhammad Ramzan 
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the causal relationships between inflation, economic growth, and savings in Pakistan using time series data spanning from 1971 to 2016. The Johansen cointegration test, using the trace test, identifies a single significant cointegrating relationship. The VAR model analysis determines the optimal lag length to be 2. The findings of the Granger causality show that there is bidirectional causality between the following pairs: gross fixed capital formation and GDP growth; gross domestic saving and GDP growth; inflation and GDP growth; and saving and capital formation. While inflation cause capital formation and saving while capital formation and saving do not cause inflation.
Revolutionizing College English Reading with ChatGPT: Current Predicaments and Future Directions
Authors: Li Wanfen , Tang Yaru , Wang Siyu 
Published: August 2024

With the acceleration of globalization, foreign language education in colleges and universities has been paid more and more attention. Combined with the development of artificial intelligence, ChatGPT is also widely used in the educational sector. In the future of technology-facilitated education, it will be more closely integrated with foreign language education to create better teaching activities for teachers and students. This paper aims to analyze the necessity of ChatGPT joining the college English reading teaching module through the shortage of educational resources and the dilemma of teaching mode. This paper also clarifies its possible advantages and disadvantages, as well as the corresponding use of various characteristics of the teaching scene. It examines the relationship between this artificial intelligence tool and the two parties, namely teachers and students, and the definition of their roles. The final conclusion of this paper is expected to lead the public to have a deeper understanding of ChatGPT, or to alert users to cautiously and correctly view the role of AI tools in the teaching and learning domain.
Art in School: Monumental Painting in Swedish Educational Institutions at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries
Authors: Иванова А.А. 
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена появлению специальной монументальной живописи в шведских школах в 1897–1915 гг., когда было выполнено наибольшее число росписей и сформировалась единая национальная программа оформления такого типа пространств. Расцвет искусства для общественных пространств на рубеже веков совпал с прорывом в шведской педагогике и интересом к эстетическому воспитанию. Освещается новая роль искусства в школах, появление особых организаций, занимавшихся заказом и оплатой монументальных произведений, рассматривается перечень изображаемых тем и мотивов, а также их содержание как проявление общественной позиции и пропаганды внутри школьного образования.
The article is devoted to the appearance of special works of monumental painting in Swedish schools, during the period from 1897 to 1915, when the largest number of murals were executed and a unified national program for decorating this type of space was formed. The rise of art for public spaces at the turn of the century coincided with a breakthrough in Swedish pedagogy and interest in aesthetic education. The author considers the new role of art in schools, the emergence of special organizations engaged in ordering and paying for the creation of monumental works, the list of depicted themes and motifs, as well as their content, as manifestation of the public position and ideological propaganda within the school education.
Presentation, Radiologic Features, and Treatment Options of Congenital Tongue Tumors: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Maniaci Antonino , La Via Luigi , Lavalle Salvatore , Lentini Mario , Pavone Piero , Iannella Giannicola , Cocuzza Salvatore 
Published: August 2024

AIM: Congenital tumors of the tongue are rare in pediatric patients but encompass a diverse range of entities. Each tumor type exhibits distinct clinical behaviors, necessitating a precise approach to differentiating the tumor types and a tailored, tumor-specific treatment regimen. Advanced imaging techniques, such as diffusion-weighted imaging and perfusion studies, play a vital role in differentiating benign and malignant tongue tumors. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the presentation, imaging features, and treatment of congenital tongue tumors.
METHODS: A literature review was conducted by searching studies on congenital tongue tumors in databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. Relevant data, such as clinical features, radiologic characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes for different tumor types, were extracted from the selected articles.
RESULTS: Our literature review reveals the various entities of congenital tongue tumors, which can be categorized in terms of hereditary pattern, phenotype, and rarity. Congenital tongue tumors include a range of vascular malformations, such as hemangiomas, lymphatic malformations, arteriovenous malformations, and venous malformations. Another entity is represented by cystic lesions, including dermoid cysts, epidermoid cysts, ranulas, and mucous retention cysts. Rare malignant neoplasms include teratomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. These tumor types vary in terms of swelling, respiratory distress, or impaired oral function, depending on size and location. The detection of these tumors can be carried out using imaging modalities, such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography, which are utilized to facilitate diagnosis and differentiation. At present, surgical excision remains the cornerstone of treatment, while other modalities may be adopted, depending on tumor type and extent. The prognosis of congenital tongue tumors can be affected by tumor's site, size, involvement of vital structures, and malignancy.
CONCLUSIONS: Given their diversity and complexity, congenital tongue tumors, albeit uncommon, require specialized clinical treatments tailored to each tumor type's characteristics. Understanding the variable presentations and imaging features enables accurate diagnosis, while customized treatment strategies are key to optimizing outcomes and minimizing morbidity in pediatric tongue tumors. This review summarizes current knowledge aimed at enhancing differential diagnosis and management of these diverse entities.
Effects of Thoracoscopic Right Upper Lobe Apical Segmentectomy on Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life in Early-Stage NSCLC Patients
Authors: Zhou Longshan , Shen Yuchao , Jin Xiaoping , Jing Jianfeng 
Published: August 2024

AIM: Thoracoscopic lobectomy (TL) is an effective surgical approach for resecting tumor lesions in patients with early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, TL may result in damage to normal lung tissue, potentially impacting prognosis. Thoracoscopic right upper lobe apical segmentectomy (TS) has been proposed as an alternative to improve surgical outcomes, but its impact on exercise capacity and quality of life remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TS on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with early-stage NSCLC.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 120 patients with early-stage NSCLC who underwent surgical treatment in Shangyu People's Hospital of Shaoxing between August 2020 and August 2023. The patients were divided into two groups based on the surgical approach: the TL group (n = 66) and the TS group (n = 54). The primary objective was to compare surgery-related indicators and the overall incidence of complications between the TS group and the TL group. Additionally, changes in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum ventilatory volume (MVV), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30) scores were evaluated before and after operation.
RESULTS: The TS group showed significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss, chest drainage, and hospital stay compared to the TL group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the operation time and the number of lymph node dissections between the two groups after operation (p > 0.05). FVC, FEV1, MVV, and 6MWD values of the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation (p < 0.05). However, FVC, FEV1, MVV, and 6MWD in the TS group were significantly higher than those in the TL group (p < 0.05). The scores of roles, emotion, cognition, social function, and total health status in the two groups after operation were significantly higher than those before operation, and the scores of physical functions, shortness of breath, diarrhea, fatigue, pain, cough and insomnia were significantly lower than those before operation (p < 0.05). Compared to the TL group, the TS group showed higher scores of physical, social function dimensions, and total health status, as well as lower scores of fatigues, shortness of breath, insomnia, and pain (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: TS treatment has less surgical trauma and a lower risk of complications for patients with early-stage NSCLC, which is beneficial for promoting postoperative recovery, reducing lung function damage and improving the quality of life of patients.
Comparison of MBM and ESD in the Treatment of Single Early Esophageal Cancer and Precancerous Lesions
Authors: Zheng Jianhao , Yang Jiamin , Zhao Zhifeng 
Published: August 2024

AIM: Esophageal cancer is a disease with high morbidity and mortality, exploring effective treatment methods is the key to the treatment of this disease. This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of multi-band mucosectomy (MBM) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the treatment of single early esophageal cancer (EEC) and precancerous lesions, and whether MBM can achieve better clinical effect as an effective treatment method.
METHODS: The clinical data of 70 patients with EEC and precancerous lesions who were treated with MBM and ESD in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from May 2021 to May 2023 and could be followed up were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to different treatment methods: MBM group (31 cases) and ESD group (39 cases). The general data, perioperative conditions, endoscopic treatment effect and pathological results of the two groups were compared.
RESULTS: The duration of endoscopic treatment in MBM group was shorter than that in ESD group [36 (25~39) min vs 46 (41~57) min, p < 0.05], and there was no significant difference in the intraoperative bleeding rate between the two groups (12.90% vs 7.69%, p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of intraoperative perforation between the two groups (3.23% vs 7.69%, p > 0.05), and the hospitalization time in MBM group was shorter than that in ESD group [5 (4~7) days vs 8 (7~12) days, p < 0.05]. The hospitalization cost was less [2535 (2423~2786) dollars vs 4485 (3858~5794) dollars, p < 0.05]. No postoperative bleeding occurred in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative stenosis rate between MBM group and ESD group (3.23% vs 12.82%, p > 0.05), and no statistically significant difference in postoperative local recurrence rate (12.90% vs 5.13%, p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of additional surgery (9.68% vs 2.56%, p > 0.05). The en bloc resection rate of MBM group was lower than that of ESD group (77.42% vs 97.44%, p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the complete resection rate between the two groups (87.10% vs 97.44%, p > 0.05). The postoperative pathological results of MBM group showed 13 cases of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), 11 cases of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), and 7 cases of canceration, while the postoperative pathological results of ESD group showed 10 cases of LGIN, 14 cases of HGIN, and 15 cases of canceration, with no statistical significance (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: MBM and ESD are effective methods for the treatment of EEC and precancerous lesions. MBM has the advantages of short hospital stay, quick recovery and low cost. However, compared with MBM, ESD can improve the complete resection rate of the lesion, avoid the occurrence of positive incisal margin, and reduce the risk of secondary treatment and additional surgery.
Risk Factors Analysis and Prediction of Rotator Cuff Tears: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Xu Feng , Xie Na , Ji Dongxu , Gao Qian , Liu Chen 
Published: August 2024

AIM: Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are a major cause of shoulder pain and disability, affecting millions worldwide. Understanding the risk factors and developing reliable predictive measures for RCTs is essential for early diagnosis, targeted prevention, and effective treatment of this patient population. This study seeks to enhance our understanding by analyzing the acromiohumeral distance (AHD) and Constant-Murley Score (CMS) in patients with and without RCTs, thereby aiding the development of a predictive model aimed at improving clinical outcomes and prevention strategies in rotator cuff pathology.
METHODS: This retrospective analysis involved 201 patients with shoulder pain, categorized into RCT (n = 72) and no RCTs (N-RCTs, n = 129) groups based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings. We compared demographics, AHD, CMS, and rotator cuff status between groups and utilized logistic regression for identifying RCT predictors, leading to the development of a multifactorial predictive model.
RESULTS: The mean AHD was 6.60 ± 1.12 mm. The RCT group showed a marginally higher AHD than the N-RCT group (p = 0.669). CMS scores were significantly lower in the RCT group (p < 0.001). Dominant side involvement (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.244), type III acromion (OR 6.106), and lower CMS (OR 0.938) significantly correlated with RCTs. The predictive model demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.701 for RCT diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Reduced CMS, dominance of the affected side, and type III acromion emerged as key risk factors for RCTs. Our predictive model, incorporating these factors, holds promise for RCT diagnosis, with future studies needed for further validation.
Surgeons' Roles and Responsibilities in Disaster and Public Health Emergency Management—A Transition from Multitasking Surgeons to a Collaborative Surgical Approach
Authors: Khorram-Manesh Amir 
Published: August 2024

AIM: Surgeons have historically played critical roles in disaster management, particularly as military and trauma specialists. However, the role of surgeons in disasters has changed over time, with advancements in medical knowledge and disaster response capabilities. Recent public health emergencies and global events have signaled a paradigm shift, emphasizing the necessity of cross-disciplinary, transdisciplinary, and multidisciplinary approaches. This shift calls for revisiting and reevaluating surgeons' roles and responsibilities.
METHODS: In this narrative review, the literature concerning the roles and responsibilities of surgeons during disasters and public health emergencies was systematically searched and mapped. This streamlined process aimed to gather high-quality information typically found in a systematic review but within a shorter timeframe. The goal was to expedite the discovery of insights that could inform policy decisions or address urgent matters related to the study's topic. Furthermore, action research was performed to strengthen the paper's methodology, capture essential literature, and avoid missing important data.
RESULTS: The results indicate a change in surgical specialty and a shift in the paradigm from multitasking surgeons to a multidisciplinary approach in surgical disaster management. Current educational initiatives are insufficient, and training opportunities are lacking, indicating the need for novel educational initiatives, simulation training, a collaborative surgical approach, and a reevaluation of the current curriculum.
CONCLUSIONS: The study outcomes aim to guide future policy development and facilitate the creation of practical guidelines for disaster and public health emergency planners at local, regional, national, and international levels. Surgeons' future roles in disaster and public health emergency management will be characterized by innovation, collaboration, and a commitment to improving outcomes for affected populations, addressing the unique challenges of disasters, and strengthening healthcare systems globally.
Clinical Effectiveness of Minimally Invasive Surgery on Spinal Trauma
Authors: Wu Gaochen , Chen Jinpeng , Wang Lulu , Meng Fanjian 
Published: August 2024

AIM: Minimally invasive spinal trauma surgery includes percutaneous pedicle screw fixation and miniature open anterolateral retractor-based approaches, which can improve surgical outcomes by reducing blood loss, operative time, and postoperative pain. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of minimally invasive surgery on pain scores, functional recovery, and postoperative complications in patients with spinal trauma.
METHODS: This retrospective study included 100 spinal trauma patients treated in Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine between May 2019 and May 2022. Patients who underwent traditional open surgery were included in the traditional group, and those who received percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation combined with posterior minimally invasive small incision decompression were included in the research group, each comprising 50 patients. The effectiveness of these two surgical approaches was determined by assessing their outcome measures, including surgery-related indices, postoperative pain, spinal morphology, functional recovery, and postoperative complications.
RESULTS: Minimally invasive surgery was associated with significantly shorter surgical wounds, length of hospital stay, operative time, and postoperative time-lapse before off-bed activity, and less intraoperative hemorrhage volume and postoperative drainage volume compared to open surgery (p < 0.001). Compared to open surgery, patients with minimally invasive surgery showed significantly lower visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 3 days, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery and lower Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) at 7 days and 3 months after surgery (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the difference in the spine morphology between the two arms did not achieve statistical significance (p > 0.05). Additionally, minimally invasive surgery resulted in a significantly lower incidence of postoperative complications than open surgery (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive surgery causes less surgical damage for patients with spinal trauma, improves surgery-related indexes, alleviates postoperative pain, and provides better morphological and functional recovery of the spine.
Tecnologías de defensa frente a inteligencia de amenazas y ciberataques
Authors: Ramírez Quevedo Luis 
Published: August 2024

La "Inteligencia de Amenazas y Ciberataques" es un campo crucial en el ámbito de la ciberseguridad, dedicado a recopilar, analizar y aplicar información relevante sobre posibles amenazas cibernéticas. Este proceso implica la recolección de datos provenientes de diversas fuentes, como bases de datos de vulnerabilidades, foros de hackers y registros de incidentes de seguridad, para luego analizarlos y detectar patrones y tendencias que puedan comprometer la seguridad de sistemas informáticos.
El objetivo principal de esta disciplina es proporcionar a las organizaciones información oportuna y relevante que les permita anticipar, prevenir, detectar y responder eficazmente a posibles ataques cibernéticos.
En un entorno digital en constante evolución, la inteligencia de amenazas y ciberataques se ha convertido en un elemento esencial para fortalecer la resiliencia de las organizaciones y proteger sus activos digitales frente a las crecientes amenazas en el mundo cibernético actual.
En este resumen, se destaca la importancia crítica de la inteligencia de amenazas y ciberataques en la defensa activa contra las crecientes amenazas digitales en el entorno cibernético actual.
APLICABILIDADE DE TERAPIAS COMPLEMENTARES COMO MÉTODO DE ALÍVIO DA DOR DURANTE O TRABALHO DE PARTO
Authors: Silva Williane Pereira , Marques Amanda Ayara de Souza , Lima Ana Clara Santos , dos Santos Danielly Ramos , Araújo Larissa Rayane Alencar do Espírito Santo , Bezerra Maria Suzana , Santos Nathalia Maria da Silva , Arraes Rita de Cássia , de Melo Vanessa Ferreira , Rocha Sarah Laís da Silva 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A relevância de explorar as Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PICS) como alternativa ou complemento aos métodos tradicionais de assistência ao parto. OBJETIVO: Identificar na literatura científica quais são as PICS utilizadas para o alívio da dor durante o trabalho de parto. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de abordagem qualitativa. As buscas foram realizadas na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) nas bases de dados MEDLINE, BDENF e LILACS. Os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECS/MESH): Terapias Complementares; Parto; e Dor do Parto, utilizando o operador booleano AND. Foram estabelecidos critérios de inclusão: artigos dos últimos cinco anos, nos idiomas inglês, português, e espanhol, disponíveis na íntegra. Como critérios de exclusão, foram desconsideradas teses, dissertações, outras revisões da literatura e estudos que não estão em consonância com o tema proposto. Após a leitura na íntegra dos trabalhos, selecionou-se uma amostra final de 12 artigos. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES: Os artigos destacam a importância de abordagens não farmacológicas e complementares no manejo do trabalho de parto e parto. No entanto, é crucial realizar mais pesquisas para entender melhor a eficácia e os mecanismos de ação dessas intervenções, bem como garantir sua segurança e integração adequada na prática clínica. CONCLUSÃO: As terapias complementares têm o potencial de desempenhar um papel significativo na melhoria da experiência do trabalho de parto e no alívio da dor, proporcionando às mulheres mais opções e controle sobre sua jornada de parto. Destacam-se, sobretudo, a escassez de artigos existentes relacionados à temática. Diante disso, identifica-se uma grande necessidade de promover o desenvolvimento de mais pesquisas para preencher essa lacuna científica, bem como a construção e implementação de novas investigações abordando o assunto em questão.