bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Bevacizumab Efficacy in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
Authors: Pan Yufei , Lu Yuanyuan , Huang Huili , Wang Chao , Han Xiao , Hu Huiying , Sun Kai , Li Jing , Zhang Yonghui , Liu Kai , Yu Zhenkun 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a novel method for quantifying the efficacy of Bevacizumab (Bev) in treating Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP), and to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a three‐dose Bev induction therapy followed by surgical intervention.MethodsTwenty‐one RRP patients treated with a three‐dose Bev regimen were included. A novel efficacy evaluation method using ImageJ software was developed to calculate the standardized lesion volume from laryngoscopic images. This was compared with the Derkay score. Clinical outcomes, including reduction rate, cumulative reduction rate, efficacy grading, recurrence, and adverse reactions, were analyzed.ResultsIn the study cohort, the reduction rate was significantly higher after the first treatment compared with subsequent treatments. The overall response rate increased from 75% after the first treatment to 100% after the third. Among patients with localized lesions who underwent surgery, 76% experienced recurrence with a mean recurrence time of 114.23 days. Most recurrent lesions were smaller than at baseline. Adverse reactions included increased blood pressure in seven patients, which resolved without intervention. The new method showed a significant positive correlation with the Derkay score.ConclusionIn conclusion, based on the above findings, systemic Bev treatment for RRP is a safe and effective therapeutic approach, though further research is needed. Moreover, the new efficacy evaluation method we developed can significantly aid in studying the effectiveness of Bev treatment for RRP.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 2024
Ultra‐Wideband Terahertz Integrated Polarization Multiplexer
Authors: Gao Weijie , Fujita Masayuki , Murakami Shuichi , Nagatsuma Tadao , Fumeaux Christophe , Withayachumnankul Withawat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolarization‐division multiplexing is crucial for increasing channel capacity and spectral efficiency in communications. A key component is the polarization multiplexer, which combines or separates signals with orthogonal polarizations. Existing planar multiplexers lack an ultrawide band for terahertz communications. While microwave‐inspired orthomode transducers (OMTs) provide broadband operation, they suffer from high ohmic loss and bulkiness at terahertz frequencies. Optical integrated polarization beam splitters (PBSs) offer low loss and good integrability but have narrow bandwidths. This work presents a substrateless all‐silicon polarization multiplexer based on tapered directional couplers and air‐silicon effective mediums, integrated monolithically on a compact footprint. The device demonstrates a 37.8% fractional bandwidth, an average insertion loss of 1 dB, and a polarization extinction ratio above 20 dB over 225–330 GHz. This superior performance is enabled by the anisotropy of the effective medium claddings, affecting the two orthogonal guided modes differently. The multiplexer enables simultaneous two‐channel terahertz fiber communications with polarization diversity. It supports aggregated data rates up to 155 and 190 Gbit with bit error rates below hard‐ and soft‐decision forward‐error‐correction limits, respectively. This advancement holds promise for 6G terahertz integrated systems with enhanced channel capacities.
[NVim]Br and Poly([NVim]Br‐Co‐AM): Synthesis and Effects on Inhibiting Clay Swelling and Dispersion and the Mechanisms
Authors: Li Lan , Ren Yanjun , Yao Rugang , Yang Hong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo solve the downhole problems correlated with clay hydration swelling and dispersion under high‐temperature conditions, a 1‐aminoethyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium bromide ([NVim]Br) and a [NVim]Br/acrylamide copolymer (poly([NVim]Br‐co‐AM)) are synthesized and used as inhibitors. The molecular structures of [NVim]Br and poly([NVim]Br‐co‐AM) are characterized by FT‐IR and 1H‐NMR. The inhibition properties of [NVim]Br and poly([NVim]Br‐co‐AM) are evaluated by free swelling and dispersion tests, linear swelling, hot roll recovery experiments and thermogravimetric analyses.The inhibition mechanisms were revealed by X‐ray diffraction, zeta potential, wettability analysis and ESEM observation. The results showed that both [NVim]Br and poly([NVim]Br‐co‐AM) has significantly superior inhibition performance compared with the common inhibitors KCl, polyether amine D230 and polyquaternium‐7. Both [NVim]Br and poly([NVim]Br‐co‐AM) can resist 250 °C. [NVim]Br performed excellently in inihibiting both crystalline and osmotic swelling, which depended on the strong electrostatic adsorption and hydrogen bonds of imidazole cations and primary amine in [NVim]+. Poly([NVim]Br‐co‐AM) exerted excellent inhibition by minimizing osmotic swelling, reducing hydrophilicity and increasing clay bonding. The results are important for understanding the rational design of novel efficient inhibitors for drilling high‐temperature shale formation.
Exercise Habits in People with Parkinson's: A Multinational Survey
Authors: Jagota Priya , Phutrakool Phanupong , Kamble Nitish , Dang Thuong Huyen Thi , Aldaajani Zakiyah , Hatano Taku , Hoskere Sreenivasa Deva Kumar , Tripura Telugu , Kukkle Prashanth Lingappa , Jeon Beomseok , Nishikawa Noriko , Oji Yutaka , Tran Tai Ngoc , Susatia Frandy , Fabbri Margherita , Leung Clémence , Alonso Canovas Araceli , Kamel Walaa A. , Pal Pramod Kumar , Rakesh Kempaiah , Abu Snineh Muneer , Chairangsaris Parnsiri , Lolekha Praween , Jamora Roland Dominic G. , Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah , Desa Siti Hajar Mat , Tan Ai Huey , Toh Tzi Shin , Obaid Mona , Fung Victor S.C. , Lang Anthony , Lin Chin‐Hsien , Regragui Wafa , Bouslam Naima , Bhidayasiri Roongroj 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundExercise has been demonstrated to result in improvements in physical function, cognition, and quality of life in People with Parkinson's (PwP) but its adoption is variable.ObjectivesTo investigate exercise preferences, levels, influencing factors among a diverse Parkinson's disease (PD) population, to understand exercise adoption patterns and plan informed interventions.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey collected data through online platforms and paper‐based methods. The Exercise Index (ExI) calculated exercise level based on frequency and duration.ResultsOf 2976 PwP, 40.6% exercised regularly, 38.3% occasionally, and 21.2% did not exercise. The overall mean ExI was 18.99 ± 12.37. Factors associated with high exercise levels included exercising in groups (ExI 24–26), weightlifting (ExI 27 (highest)), using muscle‐building equipment (ExI 25–26), and exercising at home following an app (ExI 26). A positive trend between ExI and varied exercise groups, locations, types, and equipment was observed. No expected benefit from exercise achieved the lowest ExI (8). Having at least two exercise‐promoting factors, a bachelor's degree or higher, receiving exercise advice at initial visits, and aged ≤40 years at PD onset were strong predictors of exercise (adjust OR = 7.814; 6.981; 4.170; 3.565). Falls and “other” most troublesome PD symptoms were negative predictors (aOR = 0.359; 0.466). Barriers to exercise did not predict the odds of exercise.ConclusionsThe study shows that PwP's exercise behavior is influenced by their exercise belief, age at PD onset, doctor's advice at initial visits, education level, symptoms, and exercise‐promoting factors. High exercise levels were associated with certain types of exercises and exercising in groups.
On rank‐revealing QR factorizations of quaternion matrices
Authors: Liu Qiaohua , Li Chuge 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis work develops theories and algorithms for computing rank‐revealing QR factorizations (qRRQR) of quaternion matrices. First, by introducing a novel quaternion determinant, a quasi‐Cramer's rule is established to investigate the existence theory of the qRRQR factorization of an quaternion matrix . The proposed theory provides a systematic approach for selecting linearly independent columns of in order to ensure that the resulting diagonal blocks , of the R‐factor possess rank revealing properties in both spectral and Frobenius norms. Secondly, by increasing the quaternion determinants of in each iteration by a factor of at least (), a greedy algorithm with cyclic block pivoting strategy is derived to implement the qRRQR factorization. This algorithm costs about real floating‐point operations, which is as nearly efficient as quaternion QR with column pivoting for most problems. It also shows the effectiveness and reliability, particularly when dealing with a class of quaternion Kahan matrices. Furthermore, two improved greedy algorithms are proposed. Experiments evaluations are conducted on synthetic data as well as color image compression and quaternion signals denoising. The experimental results validate the usefulness and efficiency of our improved algorithm across various scenarios.
Real‐time models for systems with costly or unknown dynamics
Authors: Bestle Dieter , Bielitz Timo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany applications require real‐time simulation where the computer model can be executed at least as fast as the underlying physical system. However, as the complexity of models grows, for example, in case of flexible multibody dynamics accounting for body elasticity, this becomes harder even with high‐end computers and parallel computing. Further the modeling itself could be too cumbersome to come up with causal models, especially in industrial applications, or modeling is inhibited by unknown physical effects. In such cases, data‐based modeling with AI‐strategies may be an alternative to come up with real‐time capable simulation models. Based on measured or costly simulated trajectories, state function values of the dynamic system are first identified from divided differences of subsequent states, and then used for training a feedforward neural network. This can then be used as an approximate surrogate for further simulations or as part of a real‐time application. Applications to the Duffing equation and a closed‐loop mechanism demonstrate high conformity of predicted and directly simulated trajectories reproducing even the bifurcation behavior of the Duffing equation.
Weaving Indigenous and Western knowledge systems to discern drivers of mooz (moose) population decline
Authors: Priadka P. , Moses B. , Kozmik C. , Kell S. , Popp J. N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Understanding and addressing biodiversity declines across the globe will require interdisciplinary practices that embrace multiple worldviews and weave knowledge systems.

Here, we used a Two‐Eyed Seeing approach to weave Anishinaabe ecological knowledge with peer‐reviewed Western scientific literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of the drivers of a declining moose (mooz; Alces alces) population in Ontario, Canada.

We interviewed 66 participants from three Anishinabek communities on the causes of moose decline and conducted a literature review of 52 Western‐science studies that focused on factors that affect moose in Ontario.

Our study revealed that there was agreement among knowledge systems on the importance of climate change and disease and parasites in explaining moose population decline in Ontario. Unique perspectives were provided on the mechanisms describing climatic impacts on calf recruitment, with an emphasis on spring onset and green‐up by Western science, and winter onset and timing of the rut by Anishinaabe knowledge. Western science also focused on the effects of habitat disturbance and predation on moose, and Anishinaabe knowledge emphasised harvest pressure. Other factors identified by both knowledge systems included the impacts of roads and railways. Distinctive information offered by Anishinaabe knowledge holders included the displacement of moose from areas in response to the range expansion of white‐tailed deer (waawaashkeshi; Odocoileus virginianus) and the negative effects of contaminants introduced into the environment by mining and forestry activity.

Overall, weaving knowledge systems offered a nuanced and wholistic understanding of factors affecting moose and provided different perspectives to explain interacting and cumulative effects. Our study showcases the value in weaving knowledge systems to improve understanding of ecological problems and find wholistic strategies for conservation.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Modulation of mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite composites by interface crosslinking
Authors: Odabaş Eylül , Öztürk Oğuz , Akarsu Esin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPoly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable and bioactive thermoplastic polymer. It has been widely used for hard tissue applications in orthopedic and dental fields. However, PLA is not able to form a direct bond with bone and this limits its applications. Therefore, PLA and hydroxyapatite (HAp) composites have gained significant attention to improve PLA performance. However, agglomeration of HAp in PLA matrix due to unfavored interfacial interactions between PLA and HAp directly affects the mechanical properties and stability of PLA/HAp composites. In this study, 3‐(glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GLYMO)‐modified HAp particles (G‐HAp) were synthesized and then incorporated into the PLA matrix to prepare PLA/G‐HAp composites. PLA/G‐HAp composites were prepared by mixing G‐HAp at 50 wt% with PLA (10 wt% in chloroform) solution. The resulting mixture was dried, ground, and molded into cylindrical shapes by pressure, and cured under N2 atmosphere. The interface interactions of the obtained composites were elucidated by fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses. It was observed that increased crosslinking density in the interface resulted in rougher surfaces. Thermal analyses demonstrated that Tg of PLA shifted to higher temperatures in parallel with crosslinking density. Additionally, Vicker's hardness tests and compression tests were conducted to determine the effect of interfacial crosslinking, and improved hardness and Young's modulus were observed. In the final part of study, MTT assay was carried out to evaluate cytotoxicity of composites and PLA/G‐HAp displayed higher cytocompatibility compared to conventional PLA/HAp composite.Highlights
GLYMO modified HAp led to changes in the surface properties of composites.
Increased crosslinking caused rougher surfaces for composites.
Tg shifted to higher temperatures in parallel with GLYMO mediated crosslinking.
Composites containing GLYMO‐modified HAp particles exhibited significant improvement in mechanical properties.
Experimental evaluation of physicomechanical, tribological and optimality circumstances for Corchorus olitorius particle‐based composites
Authors: Mahakur Vijay Kumar , Kumar Santosh , Bhowmik Sumit , Patowari Promod Kumar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResearchers are diligently striving towards generating sustainable successors for man‐made fibers. Naturally derived fibers/fillers have gained much attention these days due to their use in the development of renewable and biodegradable components. This research emphasizes the physical, mechanical and tribological aspects of silanized Corchorus olitorius particle‐based thermoset composites. With the help of a contact lay‐up technique, varied weight fractions (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5%)‐based composites as per ASTM standards were generated. The experimental results reveal that silanization promotes the interfacial relationship between particles of Corchorus olitorius and the matrix and also the established silanized particle‐based composites demonstrated a potential modest density feature. The minimal weight fraction‐based composite exhibited the best mechanical and wear‐resistant features. Furthermore, the interval‐valued intuitionistic fuzzy Schweizer–Sklar power weighted average approach has been developed as a distinctive structure for obtaining the most effective composite material for any further industrial applications. From this optimization strategy, the specimen with 5 wt% particle content is found to be the best, followed by the specimen with 7.5 wt% particle content. This work highlights the crucial function of surface modification techniques, especially silanization, in enhancing the effectiveness and stability of composites that include Corchorus olitorius particles. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The impact of natural disaster on multidimensional poverty of rural households in Vietnam: The regulating role of social assistance
Authors: Dung Ngo Q. , Thi Hue Hoang , Thanh Tran P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of natural disasters on multidimensional poverty in rural Vietnam and examines the moderating role of social assistance in mitigating these effects. Utilizing data from the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey in 2016 and 2018, we employ a probit model to analyze the differential impacts of droughts, floods, and storms on various dimensions of poverty, including income, education, health, housing, and access to information. Our findings reveal that droughts have a more pronounced and lasting impact on overall multidimensional poverty compared to floods and storms. Furthermore, we demonstrate the moderating effect of social assistance in alleviating the adverse consequences of floods on multiple aspects of household well‐being. This study contributes to the literature by adopting a comprehensive, multidimensional approach to poverty and highlighting the critical role of social assistance in building resilience to natural disasters. Our results underscore the need for targeted, context‐specific poverty alleviation strategies that address the multifaceted nature of deprivation and the differential impacts of natural disasters on rural households. These findings have significant implications for policymakers and practitioners in designing effective interventions to promote sustainable development and enhance the well‐being of vulnerable communities in the face of increasing climate‐related challenges.
High‐throughput phenotyping platforms for pulse crop biofortification
Authors: Madurapperumage Amod , Naser M. Z. , Boatwright Lucas , Bridges William , Vandemark George , Thavarajah Dil 
Published: August 2024

Societal Impact StatementPulse crops, including dry pea, lentil, and chickpea, are rich sources of protein, low digestible carbohydrates, and micronutrients. With the increasing demand for plant‐based protein with gluten‐free and allergen‐free foods, pulse crops have become of global importance for meeting the nutritional demand of growing populations. Breeding for nutritional quality is becoming a bottleneck for most breeding programs globally due to the cost of these available tools. Therefore, low‐cost, high‐throughput phenotyping tools will be a focus of interest for the selection of elite germplasm for cultivar development and gene identification for pulse cultivar development. This publication explains the emerging and future trends of phenotyping tools that are feasible for pulse breeding and improving nutritional quality.SummaryPrecision agriculture tools based on spectroscopic and imaging techniques now contribute to high‐throughput phenotyping (HTP) pipelines for nutritional and agronomic traits to speed breeding and selection for cultivar development. Fourier transform mid‐infrared (FT‐MIR) spectroscopy has been a reliable HTP tool for macro nutritional traits in pulse crops. Hyperspectral, multispectral, and RGB (red‐green‐blue) imaging with unmanned aerial systems (UAVs) have been developed to measure agronomic traits for cereals, but these techniques have yet to be developed and validated for pulse crops. This review summarizes different phenotyping techniques applied to nutritional and agronomic traits for crop breeding and reviews applications of machine learning tools for optimizing HTP.
Foundations for a national assessment of soil biodiversity
Authors: Guerra Carlos A. , Eisenhauer Nico , Tebbe Christoph C. , Xylander Willi E. R. , Albert C. , Babin Doreen , Bartkowski Bartosz , Burkhard Benjamin , Filser Juliane , Haase Dagmar , Hohberg Karin , Kleemann Janina , Kolb Sanina , Lachmann Christina , Rillig Matthias C. , Römbke Jörg , Ruess Liliane , Scheu Stefan , Scheunemann Nicole , Steinhoff‐Knopp Bastian , Wellbrock Nicole , Ristok Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSoils, just like all other ecosystem compartments, change over time and, consequently, conditions for soil‐inhabiting organisms are also changing, affecting their composition and diversity. Soil biodiversity is a critical component of ecosystems that supports many essential ecosystem functions and services, such as nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, water regulation and biomass production for food, fodder, fibre and energy. However, and despite the importance of soil biodiversity for ecosystem health and human well‐being, neither current state, drivers, potential consequences for ecosystem services nor options for sustainable governance of soil biodiversity are well understood. Here, we provide a framework for and argue that conducting a national assessment of soil biodiversity, albeit being a complex endeavour, is fundamental to building a baseline to understand the current state and trends of soil biodiversity, but also to identify the main drivers of change, the impacts of soil biodiversity loss and the potential pathways for conservation and sustainable governance of soil biodiversity.
Injectable GelMA Hydrogel Microspheres with Sustained Release of Platelet‐Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Thin Endometrium
Authors: Yuan Guanghui , Yu Chenghao , Du Xin , Li Duan , Dou Huaiqian , Lu Panpan , Wu Tong , Hao Cuifang , Wang Yuanfei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) intrauterine infusion has been demonstrated to be effective in treating thin endometrium and achieving pregnancy. However, the rapid release of growth factors limits its effectiveness in clinical applications, and thus, multiple intrauterine infusions are often required to achieve therapeutic efficacy. In this study, a GelMA hydrogel microsphere biomaterial is developed using droplet microfluidics to modify the delivery mode of PRP and thus prolong its duration of action. Its biocompatibility is confirmed through both in vivo and in vitro studies. Cell experiments show that PRP‐loaded microspheres significantly enhance cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. In vivo experiments show that the effects of PRP‐loaded microspheres on repairing the endometrium and restoring fertility in mice could achieve the impact of triple PRP intrauterine infusions. Further mechanistic investigations reveal that PRP could facilitate endometrial repair by regulating the expression of E2Fs, a group of transcription factors. This study demonstrates that hydrogel microspheres could modify the delivery of PRP and prolong its duration of action, enabling endometrial repair and functional reconstruction. This design avoids repeated intrauterine injections of PRP in the clinic, reduces the number of patient visits, and provides a new avenue for clinical treatment of thin endometrium.