bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Newly Proposed Method to Predict Optimum Occlusal Vertical Dimension
Authors: Yamashita Shuichiro , Shimizu Mariko , Katada Hidenori 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPurposeEstablishing the optimum occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) in prosthetic treatment is an important clinical procedure. No methods are considered to be scientifically accurate in determining the reduced OVD in patients with missing posterior teeth. The purpose of this study was to derive a new formula to predict the lower facial height (LFH) using cephalometric analysis.Materials and MethodsFifty‐eight lateral cephalometric radiographs of Japanese clinical residents (mean age, 28.6 years) with complete natural dentition were used for this study. Conventional skeletal landmarks were traced. Not only the LFH, but six angular parameters and four linear parameters, which did not vary with reduced OVD, were selected. Multiple linear regression analysis with a stepwise forward approach was used to develop a prediction formula for the LFH using other measured parameters as independent variables.ResultsThe LFH was significantly correlated with Gonial angle, SNA, N‐S, Go‐Me, Nasal floor to FH, Nasal floor to SN, and FH to SN. By stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, the following formula was obtained: LFH (degree) = 65.38 + 0.30* (Gonial angle; degree) – 0.49* (SNA; degree) – 0.41* (N‐S; mm) + 0.21* (Go‐Me; mm) – 15.45* (Nasal floor to FH; degree) + 15.22* (Nasal floor to SN; degree) – 15.40* (FH to SN; degree).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study for one racial group, our prediction formula is valid in every LFH range (37 to 59°), and it may also be applicable to patients in whom the LFH deviated greatly from the average.
Clarifying the Relation Between Extraversion and Positive Affect
Authors: Smillie Luke D. , DeYoung Colin G. , Hall Phillip J. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis article clarifies two sources of ambiguity surrounding the relation between extraversion and positive affect. First, positive affect is defined differently across major models of the structure of affect. Second, no previous research has examined potentially diverging associations of lower‐order aspects of extraversion (i.e., assertiveness and enthusiasm) with positive affect. Australian (Study 1: N = 437, 78% female, Mage = 20.41) and American (Study 2: N = 262, 39% female, Mage = 33.86) participants completed multiple measures of extraversion and positive affect. Correlations were employed to examine relations among these measures. In both studies, extraversion was most clearly associated with positive affect as conceptualized within a major factor model of affect—specifically, as positive activation (Watson & Tellegen, 1985)—rather than the valence‐based conceptualization of positive affect provided by a circumplex model of affect (Russell, 1980). This was also the case for the assertiveness and enthusiasm aspects of extraversion. Our findings clarify the nature of the positive affective component of extraversion, which is best described in terms of both positive valence and high activation.
In-situ forming gel-like depot of a polyaspartamide-polylactide copolymer for once a week administration of sulpiride
Authors: Fiorica Calogero , Palumbo Fabio Salvatore , Pitarresi Giovanna , Giorgi Mario , Calascibetta Filippo , Giammona Gaetano 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Objectives
An in-situ forming gel-like depot, prepared by using an appropriate polyaspartamide-polylactide graft copolymer, has been employed to release in a sustained way sulpiride.

Methods
α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D,L-aspartamide-g-polylactic acid (PHEA-g-PLA) has been used as a polymer component. Its physicochemical properties make possible to dissolve it in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, with the obtainment of a solution able to form a gel-like depot once injected into a physiological medium. Cell compatibility of PHEA-g-PLA depot has been investigated, using murine dermal fibroblasts as cell model. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt assay and fluorescence microscopy have been employed to evaluate cell viability and morphology after contact with PHEA-g-PLA depot. Pharmacokinetic parameters of sulpiride released from depot have been determined following subcutaneous administration to rabbits and compared with corresponding parameters following administration of free sulpiride solution.

Key findings
It has been demonstrated that the system does not affect significantly the viability of fibroblasts and is able to sustain the release of sulpiride until a week, with a burst effect dependent on the initial weight ratio polymer/drug.

Conclusion
In-vivo release profiles and pharmacokinetic parameters suggest that PHEA-g-PLA depot could have interesting clinical applications for a once a week administration of poorly soluble drugs to humans or animals.
The effect of different high‐fat diets on erythrocyte osmotic fragility, growth performance and serum lipid concentrations in male, Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Donaldson J. , Pillay K. , Madziva M. T. , Erlwanger K. H. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryPoultry diets are formulated with additional animal fat or vegetable oils to improve growth rate and feed conversion efficiency. High‐fat diet feeding in rats and fish has been shown to result in alterations in the phospholipid composition and cholesterol content of the erythrocyte membrane, in turn affecting erythrocyte osmotic fragility. In contrast, the few studies performed using high‐fat diet feeding in avian species show no changes in erythrocyte osmotic fragility. This study made use of the Japanese quail as no data exists on investigation of this species with respect to high‐fat diet feeding and erythrocyte osmotic fragility. Fifty‐seven male quail were randomly divided into six groups and fed either a standard diet (commercial poultry feed) or one of five high‐fat diets (commercial poultry feed with 22% of either coconut oil, lard, palm oil, soya bean oil or sunflower oil on a weight/weight basis) for 12 weeks. All birds on the high‐fat diets were significantly heavier (p < 0.05) after the 12‐week feeding period, than when commencing the dietary intervention. Serum triglyceride concentrations of birds in all high‐fat diet groups were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than birds in the standard diet group, whereas only birds in the palm oil group had significantly lower (p < 0.05) serum cholesterol concentrations compared to the standard diet group. Fragiligrams of erythrocytes from birds in the various dietary groups were similar. High‐fat diet feeding with different types of additional fat did not affect the osmotic fragility of the quail erythrocytes. Feeding quail high‐energy diets of varying degrees of fatty acid saturation was well tolerated and did not seem to affect the overall health status of the birds. Resistance of avian erythrocytes to modification by excess dietary fat may be a general characteristic of avian erythrocytes.
Sexual Dysfunction Management and Expectations Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis—Female (SEA-MS-F): Creation and Validation of a Specific Questionnaire
Authors: Bisseriex Hélène , Guinet-Lacoste Amandine , Chevret-Méasson Marie , Costa Pierre , Sheikh Ismael Samer , Rousseau Alexandra , Amarenco Gerard 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Until now, no questionnaire has been developed to study specific expectations concerning sexual dysfunction management and the availability of information on sexuality in the female population affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). Understanding and meeting the patient's expectations is an issue of considerable importance in the evaluation of medical care.

Aim and Main Outcome Measure
We present the development and validation of a specific questionnaire designed for women with MS in order to assess their expectations in terms of sexual dysfunction management: the SEA-MS-F (Sexual Dysfunction Management and Expectations Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis—Female).

Methods
This questionnaire was created and validated by an expert panel, using the Delphi method. The psychometric evaluation was obtained with a sample of 40 female MS patients. Cronbach's alpha index and principal component analysis were used to measure the questionnaire's internal consistency.

Results
A consensus on the questionnaire was reached with the Delphi method. The SEA-MS-F is fully compliant with the criteria for psychometric validation among female MS patients, and its internal consistency is excellent (Cronbach's alpha 0.948).

Conclusion
The SEA-MS-F appears to be a useful tool that could be used either in routine medical situations or in prospective studies of MS in order to ascertain women's expectations concerning the management of their sexual dysfunction.
P311 modulates hepatic stellate cells migration
Authors: Guimarães Eduardo L. , Stradiot Leslie , Mannaerts Inge , Schroyen Ben , van Grunsven Leo A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackground & AimsLiver fibrosis is induced by the accumulation of extracellular matrix, deposited mainly by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). One key characteristic of stellate cell activation is the directional migration to the site of injury during the wound‐healing process. P311 is a protein that has been shown to play a role in migration and we aimed to study a possible role for this protein during stellate cell migration.MethodsMouse stellate cells were isolated and cultured in vitro to investigate P311 protein and gene expression during HSC activation by immunocytochemistry and RT‐qPCR respectively. Expression of P311 during in vivo activation was evaluated in CCl4 and bile duct ligation‐induced liver fibrosis. Production of reactive oxygen species was determined using the fluorescent probe DCFH‐DA. By siRNA‐mediated knockdown of P311, we investigated a possible effect on proliferation by incorporation of EdU and on migration by Boyden chamber assays.ResultsP311 gene expression was increased during both in vitro and in vivo activation of HSCs. siRNA‐mediated knockdown led to a decrease in reactive oxygen production and cell proliferation. Migration induced by different chemokines, such as PDGF‐bb and MCP‐1 was inhibited by knockdown of P311.ConclusionsP311 is central to reactive oxygen species‐mediated HSC migration induced by different chemokines.
Evaluating the genetic effects of the invasiveOcenebra inornataon the native oyster drillOcenebra erinacea
Authors: Pante Eric , Pascal Pierre‐Yves , Becquet Vanessa , Viricel Amélia , Simon‐Bouhet Benoit , Garcia Pascale 
Published: September 2014

AbstractStudies focusing on the effect of invasive species on the genetic diversity of native marine invertebrates remain scant. Here we report diversity among French populations of the intertidal gastropodOcenebra erinacea(Linnaeus, 1758) sampled in the presence and absence of the invasiveOcenebra inornata(Recluz, 1851). Between 1999 and 2004, a total of 352 individuals ofO. erinaceawas collected from 15 sites (five of which had the invasive present) and was genotyped at the mitochondrial locusCytochrome Oxidase 1(cox1). No statistical difference was observed between polymorphism levels recorded within native populations exposed to the invasive, compared with populations sampled in the absence ofO. inornata. No sign of native population decline was detected in response to the invader. While significant shifts in nativeO. erinaceapopulation sizes have previously been reported in the literature, genetic effects may take longer to accumulate, or may be undetectable without a larger panel of genetic markers. By contrast, large genetic distances and significant population differentiation were recorded between Atlantic and MediterraneanO. erinaceasamples, suggesting that these populations have distinct evolutionary histories. Comparison of genetic divergence within the closely related genusNucellasuggests that the Atlantic populations ofO. erinaceaand those from Thau Lagoon in the Mediterranean may belong to different species or subspecies.
Environmental systems biology of cold‐tolerant phenotype inSaccharomycesspecies adapted to grow at different temperatures
Authors: Paget Caroline Mary , Schwartz Jean‐Marc , Delneri Daniela 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTemperature is one of the leading factors that drive adaptation of organisms and ecosystems. Remarkably, many closely related species share the same habitat because of their different temporal or micro‐spatial thermal adaptation. In this study, we seek to find the underlying molecular mechanisms of the cold‐tolerant phenotype of closely related yeast species adapted to grow at different temperatures, namelyS. kudriavzeviiCA111 (cryo‐tolerant) andS. cerevisiae96.2 (thermo‐tolerant). Using two different systems approaches,i. thermodynamic‐based analysis of a genome‐scale metabolic model ofS. cerevisiaeandii. large‐scale competition experiment of the yeast heterozygote mutant collection, genes and pathways important for the growth at low temperature were identified. In particular, defects in lipid metabolism, oxidoreductase and vitamin pathways affected yeast fitness at cold. Combining the data from both studies, a list of candidate genes was generated and mutants for two predicted cold‐favouring genes,GUT2andADH3, were created in two natural isolates. Compared with the parental strains, these mutants showed lower fitness at cold temperatures, withS. kudriavzeviidisplaying the strongest defect. Strikingly, inS. kudriavzevii,these mutations also significantly improve the growth at warm temperatures. In addition, overexpression ofADH3inS. cerevisiaeincreased its fitness at cold. These results suggest that temperature‐induced redox imbalances could be compensated by increased glycerol accumulation or production of cytosolic acetaldehyde through the deletion ofGUT2orADH3, respectively.
Potato virus Y infection hinders potato defence response and renders plants more vulnerable to Colorado potato beetle attack
Authors: Petek Marko , Rotter Ana , Kogovšek Polona , Baebler Špela , Mithöfer Axel , Gruden Kristina 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn the field, plants are challenged by more than one biotic stressor at the same time. In this study, the molecular interactions between potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say; CPB) and Potato virus YNTN (PVYNTN) were investigated through analyses of gene expression in the potato leaves and the gut of the CPB larvae, and of the release of potato volatile compounds. CPB larval growth was enhanced when reared on secondary PVYNTN‐infected plants, which was linked to decreased accumulation of transcripts associated with the antinutritional properties of potato. In PVYNTN‐infected plants, ethylene signalling pathway induction and induction of auxin response transcription factors were attenuated, while no differences were observed in jasmonic acid (JA) signalling pathway. Similarly to rearing on virus‐infected plants, CPB larvae gained more weight when reared on plants silenced in JA receptor gene (coi1). Although herbivore‐induced defence mechanism is regulated predominantly by JA, response in coi1‐silenced plants only partially corresponded to the one observed in PVYNTN‐infected plants, confirming the role of other plant hormones in modulating this response. The release of β‐barbatene and benzyl alcohol was different in healthy and PVYNTN‐infected plants before CPB larvae infestation, implicating the importance of PVYNTN infection in plant communication with its environment. This was reflected in gene expression profiles of neighbouring plants showing different degree of defence response. This study thus contributes to our understanding of plant responses in agro‐ecosystems.
Effects of Oleuropein and Pinoresinol on Microvascular Damage Induced by Hypoperfusion and Reperfusion in Rat Pial Circulation
Authors: Lapi Dominga , Di Maro Martina , Mastantuono Teresa , Battiloro Laura , Sabatino Lina , Muscariello Espedita , Colantuoni Antonio 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe present study was aimed to assess the in vivo acute effects of oleuropein or/and pinoresinol, polyphenols widely diffused in natural sources, on rat pial microvascular responses during transient BCCAO and reperfusion.MethodsRat pial microcirculation was visualized by fluorescence microscopy through a closed cranial window. Pial arterioles were classified into five orders of branching. Capillaries were assigned order 0, the smallest arterioles order 1 and the largest ones order 5.ResultsRats subjected to BCCAO and reperfusion showed: arteriolar diameter decrease, microvascular leakage, leukocyte adhesion in venules, and reduction in capillary perfusion. Pretreatment with oleuropein or pinoresinol, a higher dose before BCCAO determined dilation in all arteriolar orders RE. Microvascular leakage was reduced as well as leukocyte adhesion and ROS formation, while capillary perfusion was protected. Inhibition of endothelium nitric oxide synthase prior to oleuropein or pinoresinol reduced the effect of these polyphenols on pial arteriolar diameter and leakage. These substances, administered together, prevented microvascular damage to a larger extent.ConclusionOleuropein and pinoresinol were both able to protect pial microcirculation from I‐reperfusion injury, to increase nitric oxide release and to reduce oxidative stress preserving pial blood flow distribution.
National stereotypes and music
Authors: Lajosi Krisztina 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMusic became a marker of national identity in nineteenth‐century Europe. Western art music consists of tonal systems that are universally intelligible, but certain rhythms and musical idioms have been associated with national styles. How, when, and why does a musical phrase or piece become national? What political and cultural circumstances contributed to the development of national styles and facilitated the emergence of resonant topographies? What was the relationship between music as cultural practice and nineteenth‐century national thought as discursive space? These questions are addressed with a particular focus on verbunkos, which came to be characteristic of Hungarian national style, and on the Rákóczy March which became famous thanks to Berlioz's Faust. This essay traces the complex process of cultural transfer through which these martial tunes of mixed ethnic origins have become emblematic of Hungarian music.
Cryoballoon Pressure Waveform Change during Balloon Inflation is not a Reliable Predictor of Adequate Pulmonary Vein Occlusion
Authors: SAFAVI‐NAEINI PAYAM , SHANOON FARAH , NAZERI ALIREZA , RASEKH ABDI , SAEED MOHAMMAD , RAZAVI MEHDI , MASSUMI ALI 
Published: September 2014

BackgroundCryoballoon ablation of pulmonary veins (PVs) is widely used to treat atrial fibrillation (AF). Successful ablation requires occluding the PVs by cryoballoon. Angiography is a standard method of assessing PV occlusion. To decrease contrast doses and overcome potential contraindications (e.g., allergy to contrast, renal disease), alternative methods have been tested, including intracardiac echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography‐color flow Doppler, and distal cryoballoon pressure monitoring.ObjectiveWe evaluated pressure monitoring's accuracy in detecting PV occlusion during cryoballoon ablation.MethodsWe studied 72 PVs in 18 nonconsecutive patients (mean age 68 ± 8 years; 13 male) who underwent cryoballoon ablation for paroxysmal AF. In 67 PVs, we documented the point at which the recorded pressure waveform at the distal tip of the inflated cryoballoon transformed from a left atrial into a pulmonary arterial pressure waveform. PV occlusion was confirmed by concurrent PV angiography through the distal balloon channel. Occlusion was rated on a I–IV scale in which I indicated poor occlusion with major leakage and IV indicated complete occlusion without leakage.ResultsIn 43 of 67 PVs (64%), the change in the pressure waveform from left atrial to pulmonary arterial was associated with complete PV occlusion (grade IV), confirmed by angiography. In the other 24 PVs, complete occlusion was achieved by further movement of the cryoballoon under intracardiac echocardiographic guidance and angiographic confirmation. All 67 PVs were electrically isolated with cryoballoon.ConclusionsThe change in pressure waveforms at the distal tip of inflated cryoballoon is not a reliable predictor of complete PV occlusion during cryoballoon ablation.
Tinea Imbricata as a Clue to Occult Immunodeficiency
Authors: Maroñas Jiménez Lidia , Monsálvez Verónica , Gutiérrez García‐Rodrigo Carlota , Postigo Llorente Concepción 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTinea imbricata (TI) is a geographically restricted dermatophytosis with distinctive clinical and immunologic features. We present a case of TI occurring in a native Brazilian child with previously undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus infection. Physicians should bear in mind that diagnosis of TI may be a clinical clue to potentially serious underlying immunodeficiency.
The impact of Pseudomonas syringae type III effectors on transient protein expression in tobacco
Authors: Buyel J. F. , Buyel J. J. , Haase C. , Fischer R. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe production of recombinant proteins in plants is often achieved by transient expression, e.g. following the injection or vacuum infiltration of Agrobacterium tumefaciens into tobacco leaves. We investigated the associated plant defence responses, revealing that callose deposition is triggered by T–DNA transfer and that subsets of secondary metabolites accumulate in response to mechanical wounding or the presence of bacteria. We also tested the ability of five co‐expressed type III effector proteins from Pseudomonas syringae to modulate these defence responses and increase the yield of two model proteins, the fluorescent marker DsRed and monoclonal antibody 2G12. HopF2 and AvrRpt2 induced necrotic lesions 5 days post‐injection (dpi) even at low doses (OD600 nm = 0.0078), and increased the concentration of certain secondary metabolites. HopAO1 significantly reduced the number of callose deposits at 2 dpi compared to cells expressing DsRed and 2G12 alone, whereas HopI1 reduced the concentration of several secondary metabolites at 5 dpi compared to cells expressing DsRed and 2G12 alone. Co‐expression with HopAO1, AvrPtoB or HopI1 increased the concentrations of DsRed and 2G12 increased by ~6% but this was not a significant change. In contrast, HopF2 and AvrRpt2 significantly reduced the concentrations of DsRed and 2G12 by 34% and 22%, respectively. Our results show that type III effector proteins can modulate plant defence responses and secondary metabolite profiles but that transient co‐expression is not sufficient to increase the yields of target recombinant proteins in tobacco.