bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum plasmonic sensing by Hong–Ou–Mandel interferometry
Authors: Yoon Seungjin , Choi Yu Sung , Tame Mark , Yoon Jae Woong , Polyakov Sergey V , Lee Changhyoup 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We propose a quantum plasmonic sensor using Hong–Ou–Mandel (HOM) interferometry that measures the refractive index of an analyte, embedded in a plasmonic beam splitter composed of a dual-Kretschmann configuration, which serves as a frustrated total internal reflection beamsplitter (BS). The sensing performance of the HOM interferometry, combined with single-photon detectors, is evaluated through Fisher information for estimation of the refractive index of the analyte. This is subsequently compared with the classical benchmark that considers the injection of a coherent state of light into the plasmonic BS. By varying the wavelength of the single photons and the refractive index of the analyte, we identify a wide range where a 50% quantum enhancement is achieved and discuss the observed behaviors in comparison with the classical benchmark. We expect this study to provide a useful insight into the advancement of quantum-enhanced sensing technologies, with direct implications for a wide range of nanophotonic BS structures.
Kinetic effects on the interaction of counter-propagating plasma shocks inside an ICF hohlraum
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Qing-kang , Zhang Wen-shuai , Zhang En-hao , Ning Xiao-chuan , Meng Fan-qi , Wang Yi-peng , Cai Hong-bo , Zhu Shao-ping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The interaction and interpenetration of two counter-propagating plasma shocks are investigated via hybrid fluid-PIC (particle-in-cell) simulations. This study seeks to probe the kinetic effects and ion collisions on the structure of colliding plasma shocks in complex multi-ion-species plasma, in particular, the presence of the expansion of high-Z plasma bubbles against the low-Z filled gas inside an ICF hohlraum. The superposition of shock wave results in a wave-like electric field in the downstream region. The electric field can further reduce the kinetic energy of the incoming particles, and modulate the ion density profile. It finally generates a new downstream platform of high temperature and high density. However, on the hundred-ps time scale, cumulative ion collisions can still significantly alter the structure of the shock wave and the reflection of ions by the shock front. This study will help to improve the predictions of hohlraum plasma states and the understanding of the shock wave interactions.
Propulsion mechanism of artificial flagellated micro-swimmers actuated by acoustic waves—theory and experimental verification
Authors: Liu Jinan , Fu Yiqiang , Wu Yifei , Ruan Haihui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This work examines the acoustically actuated motions of artificial flagellated micro-swimmers (AFMSs) and compares the motility of these micro-swimmers with the predictions based on the corrected resistive force theory (RFT) and the bar-joint model proposed in our previous work. The key ingredient in the theory is the introduction of a correction factor K in drag coefficients to correct the conventional RFT so that the dynamics of an acoustically actuated AFMS with rectangular cross-sections can be accurately modeled. Experimentally, such AFMSs can be easily manufactured based on digital light processing of ultra-violet (UV)-curable resins. We first determined the viscoelastic properties of a UV-cured resin through dynamic mechanical analysis. In particular, the high-frequency storage moduli and loss factors were obtained based on the assumption of time-temperature superposition (TTS), which were then applied in theoretical calculations. Though the extrapolation based on the TTS implied the uncertainty of high-frequency material response and there is limited accuracy in determining head oscillation amplitude, the differences between the measured terminal velocities of the AFMSs and the predicted ones are less than 50%, which, to us, is well acceptable. These results indicate that the motions of acoustic AFMS can be predicted, and thus, designed, which pave the way for their long-awaited applications in targeted therapy.
Decision analysis for prioritizing climate change adaptation options: a systematic review
Authors: Amanuma Eri , Fujii Minoru , Nakajima Kenichi , Hijioka Yasuaki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Climate change adaptation options need to be prioritized so that decision-makers make the appropriate choice among multiple options using decision analysis methods. Although different decision analysis methods are applied in different sectors, the status and challenges of applying the methods in various sectors have not been investigated to date because this is a rapidly developing research field. We systematically reviewed the decision analysis literature in climate change adaptation to investigate how decision analysis methods have been applied in each sector and to identify ongoing challenges. We found that most articles focused on the agriculture, water resources, coastal disaster, and river flooding subsectors, whereas no articles were found in the poverty, settlement, and wellbeing subsectors. The applications of decision analysis methods that can account for the deep uncertainty of adaptation (the deep uncertainty group) comprised about 15% of the total, and they were concentrated in the water resources and disaster-related subsectors. In the poverty, settlement, and wellbeing subsectors, it can be inferred that academic articles are scarce because it is challenging to study climate change projections due to the strong impact of socioeconomic conditions, and because the actors are often reported at the local or individual levels. Although the sectors where climate change impact projections have been developed may have led to a relatively large proportion of applications of the deep uncertainty group, the small number of applications suggests inadequate consideration of uncertainty in all sectors. In the future, it will be crucial for each sector to develop methods to evaluate deep uncertainty; these include using applications in the deep uncertainty group and combining multiple decision analysis methods.
Absorption of ultrashort laser pulses in medium with account for propagation effects
Authors: Astapenko V A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The absorption of ultrashort laser pulses in an optically dense medium is theoretically studied based on the total absorption coefficient over the entire duration of the pulse, taking into account the effects of propagation and reflection of pulse from vacuum/medium interface. The approach is the generalization of our previous work (available at: www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2023/summary), which traced a ‘bridge’ between the micro- and macro-description of radiation processes in a medium induced by electromagnetic pulses of arbitrary duration. The expression for the total absorption coefficient is obtained in terms the complex refractive index of the medium. Various limits of this expression are considered. Numerical calculations of the dependence of the total absorption coefficient on the parameters of the laser pulses and the thickness of the medium layer were carried out and the results obtained were discussed.
Strong spinning thermal radiation enabled by germanium-based chiral dielectric metasurface
Authors: Guo Xu , Wu Biyuan , Li Hongju , Liu Haotuo , Gao Ying , Wu Xiaohu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Spinning thermal radiation refers to the phenomenon of selective emission of circularly polarized waves from chiral structures with polarization dependence or symmetry breaking. This phenomenon finds diverse applications in fields such as radiation detection and chiral sensing. In this study, we introduce a dielectric metasurface composed of a periodic arrangement of germanium (Ge) elliptical disks, which can exhibit circular dichroism (CD) with a maximum value of approximately 0.93 at the optimal structural parameters. The physical mechanism of the strong CD is analyzed through the polarization conversion and distributions of the electric field. Moreover, the influence of structural parameters on the spinning thermal radiation is also analyzed. It is found that the CD is closely related to the height and period of the Ge-based chiral dielectric metasurface rather than the rotation angle. This work not only provides valuable insights into the design and optimization of spinning thermal radiation using metasurfaces, but also holds promise for its engineering applications in the field of thermal detection.
Quantification of Young's modulus of kaolin, sodalite and nanocomposite based polycaprolactone/sodalite using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Elhachemi Kenza , Khellafi Habib , Bendouba Mostefa , Djebli Abdelkader 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The mechanical properties of clays, zeolite, and nanocomposite reinforced by these minerals are unique regarding their states and functions. Nevertheless, it is difficult to acknowledge the degrees of mechanical properties because of the nano-size of these materials and the broad distribution of these properties. This study aims to the quantification of Young’s modulus of three materials, namely kaolin, sodalite, and nanocomposite PCL/sodalite using the atomic force microscope (AFM). The Oliver-Pharr and Hertz models are considered for this quantification. The values of these modulus ranging from 11.19 to 69.15 GPa for the Oliver-Pharr model and 10.89 to 127.09 GPa for Hertz model (kaolin). On the other side, the Young’s modulus of sodalite varies between 69.02 and 12.01 GPa for the Hertz and the Oliver-Pharr models (sodalite). This modulus for nanocomposite ranges from 1.75 to 6.66 GPa and 1.63 to 45.36 GPa for the cited models, This research presents a simple and easy way to calculate this modulus without resorting to Nano-indentation. Moreover, this technique was also used to investigate the morphology of these materials. Therefore, it was deduced that the mechanical and morphological properties of the studied materials are completely different, especially nanocomposites, even though they have the same origin, which is kaolinite.
Facilities and practices for linear response Hubbard parameters U and J in Abinit
Authors: MacEnulty Lórien , Giantomassi Matteo , Amadon Bernard , Rignanese Gian-Marco , O’Regan David D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Members of the density functional theory (DFT)+U family of functionals are increasingly prevalent methods of addressing errors intrinsic to (semi-) local exchange-correlation functionals at minimum computational cost, but require their parameters U and J to be calculated in situ for a given system of interest, simulation scheme, and runtime parameters. The self-consistent field (SCF) linear response approach offers ab initio acquisition of the U and has recently been extended to compute the J analogously, which measures localized errors related to exchange-like effects. We introduce a renovated post-processor, the lrUJ utility, together with this detailed best-practices guide, to enable users of the popular, open-source Abinit first-principles simulation suite to engage easily with in situ Hubbard parameters and streamline their incorporation into material simulations of interest. Features of this utility, which may also interest users and developers of other DFT codes, include n-degree polynomial regression, error analysis, Python plotting facilities, didactic documentation, and avenues for further developments. In this technical introduction and guide, we place particular emphasis on the intricacies and potential pitfalls introduced by the projector augmented wave method, SCF mixing schemes, and non-linear response, several of which are translatable to DFT+U(+J) implementations in other packages.
Environmental and energy efficiency of a selected municipal wastewater treatment plant – a case study
Authors: Przydatek Grzegorz , Golonka Monika , Barsan Narcis , Mosnegutu Emilian , Chitimus Alexandra-Dana , Irimia Oana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Based on the analysis of environmental and energy efficiency in the years 2019–2021 in the selected sewage treatment plant (WWT) located in the southern Poland with mechanical-biological wastewater treatment, it was found that the highest level of pollution reduction of 98% enabled the highest BOD5 concentration to be reduced more than 800 times. The operation of the sewage treatment plant was characterized by variable efficiency of the treatment process, which was demonstrated by significant differences in chemical indicators (BOD5, COD, P, TSS and N). Low average concentration of total nitrogen below 4 mg l−1 occurred with a reduction of pollutants at a level not exceeding 90%. Noticeable energy consumption of 1.58 kWh m−3 related to the increase in the amount of treated sewage, confirmed by a moderate correlation, indicated the need to optimize the treatment process.
Flexible Bayesian estimation of incubation times
Authors: Gressani Oswaldo , Torneri Andrea , Hens Niel , Faes Christel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The incubation period is of paramount importance in infectious disease epidemiology as it informs about the transmission potential of a pathogenic organism and helps the planning of public health strategies to keep an epidemic outbreak under control. Estimation of the incubation period distribution from reported exposure times and symptom onset times is challenging as the underlying data is coarse. We developed a new Bayesian methodology using Laplacian-P-splines that provides a semiparametric estimation of the incubation density based on a Langevinized Gibbs sampler. A finite mixture density smoother informs a set of parametric distributions via moment matching and an information criterion arbitrates between competing candidates. Algorithms underlying our method find a natural nest within the EpiLPS package, which has been extended to cover estimation of incubation times. Various simulation scenarios accounting for different levels of data coarseness are considered with encouraging results. Applications to real data on coronavirus disease 2019, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and Mpox reveal results that are in alignment with what has been obtained in recent studies. The proposed flexible approach is an interesting alternative to classic Bayesian parametric methods for estimation of the incubation distribution.
Three-type precursors for low-temperature solution-processed void-and-crack-free copper(I) iodide films: comparison of electrical conductivities and optical transparency
Authors: Ishizaki Manabu , Koya Naoki , Gotoh Yoshitomo , Muramatsu Kodai , Kurihara Masato 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Copper(I) iodide is a wide-bandgap (colorless) p-type semiconductor with a high Seebeck coefficient. Although copper(I) iodide is promising for fabricating transparent thermoelectric devices and hole-transfer layers of solar cells, the insolubility in common solvents due to 3-dimensional coordination networks has been a drawback to constructing low-temperature solution-processed thin films. Moreover, it is challenging to fabricate void-and-crack-free copper(I) iodide thin films through a convenient spin-coating process. In limited solvents of acetonitrile and diethyl sulfide, copper(I) iodide is dissolved by forming soluble copper(I) iodide complexes; however, void-and-crack-free copper(I) iodide thin films have never been prepared. In this study, we report that copper(I) iodide–alkanolamine complexes are soluble in alcohols and the spin-coated complexes undergo thermal decomposition to a copper(I) iodide thin film at moderately low temperatures until 150 °C. We discover that the copper(I) iodide–alkanolamines show different properties such as solubility and melting/decomposition temperatures depending on their structures. Specifically, by using 1-amino-2-propanol, we obtain void-and-crack-free and transparent copper(I) iodide thin films with controlled thicknesses of &gt;50 nm. The conductivity, carrier density, mobility, and Seebeck coefficient of the copper(I) iodide thin film are 9.35 S·cm−1, 6.38 × 1019 cm−3, 0.96 cm2·V−1·S−1, and 192 µV·K−1, respectively.
Enhancing fault-clearing algorithm for renewable-energy-based distribution systems using artificial neural networks
Authors: Mohamed Rania G , Ebrahim M A , Abdel Aleem Shady H E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Integrating small and large-scale photovoltaic (PV) solar systems into electrical distribution systems has become mandatory due to increased electricity bills and the concern for limiting greenhouse gases. However, the reliable and efficient operation of PV-based distribution systems can be confronted by the intermittence and high variability of solar sources and their consequential faults. In this regard, this article suggests a moderated fault-clearing strategy based on the incremental conductance–maximum power point tracking (IC–MPPT) technique and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to enhance fault detection, localization, and restoration processes in PV-based distribution systems. The proposed strategy leverages IC–MPPT to ensure optimal power generation from the PV solar system, even in the presence of faults. By tracking the maximum power point, the algorithm maintains the performance of the system and mitigates against the impact of faults on the output power. Furthermore, an ANN is employed to improve fault detection and localization accuracy. The developed ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy is trained using historical data and fault scenarios, enabling it to recognize fault patterns and make informed decisions through extensive simulations and comparisons with traditional fault-clearing methods. To accomplish this study, benchmarks in PV-based distribution systems are constructed and employed using the MATLAB®/Simulink® software package. Moreover, to validate the efficacy of the developed ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy, a real case study of a 1-MW PV-based distribution system in an industrial field located in Giza governorate, Egypt, is tested and investigated. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the IC–MPPT and ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy in achieving faster fault detection, precise fault localization, and efficient restoration in PV solar-based distribution systems while preserving maximum power extraction under small and large system disturbances. Furthermore, IC–MPPT based on an ANN achieves an average power of 98.556 kW and 299.632 kWh energy availability, whereas the IC–MPPT based on a proportional–integral controller achieves 95.7996 kW and 283.4036 kWh, and the classic perturb-and-observe MPPT algorithm achieves 92.2657 kW and 276.8014 kWh.
Magnetic properties of N-nonylphenothiazine radical cations depending on counter anions
Authors: Naing Sett Aung , Naota Takeshi , Shiomi Daisuke , Matsuda Kentaro , Sato Kazunobu , Suzuki Shuichi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Magnetic properties of N-nonylphenothiazine radical cations were found to vary depending on their counter ions. The radical cations in NTf2− (bis(N-trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ion), OTf− (trifluoromethanesulfonate), and BF4− salts formed π-dimer with strong antiferromagnetic interactions. The SbF6− salt exhibited paramagnetic properties with quite weak antiferromagnetic interaction. Interestingly, the NTf2− salt transformed into the paramagnetic liquid state upon heating to 78 °C.
A simple synthesis of luminescent π-conjugated materials having fDTBT derivatives
Authors: Nakagawa Yuta , Miki Kensyo , Yamaguchi Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We developed a simple and rapid process for synthesizing dithieno[3′,2′:3,4;2″,3″:5,6]benzo[1,2-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (fDTBT) derivatives using crystalline sulfur and internal alkynes, wherein thiophene is cyclized to benzothiadiazole. Cyclized derivatives were synthesized in 3 or 5 steps using this reaction, whereas the conventional synthesis methods involved 7 steps and hazardous reactions with explosive properties. The absorption spectra of the synthesized fDTBT derivatives in chloroform solution revealed a new absorption band owing to the cyclization. All 3 compounds exhibited orange-to-red luminescence, and the maximum absolute quantum yield was determined to be 67%, demonstrating excellent luminescence.
Global-local graph attention: unifying global and local attention for node classification
Authors: Lin Keao , Xie Xiaozhu , Weng Wei , Du Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are deep learning models specifically designed for analyzing graph-structured data, capturing complex relationships and structures to improve analysis and prediction. A common task in GNNs is node classification, where each node in the graph is assigned a predefined category. The Graph Attention Network (GAT) is a popular variant of GNNs known for its ability to capture complex dependencies by assigning importance weights to nodes during information aggregation. However, the GAT’s reliance on local attention mechanisms limits its effectiveness in capturing global information and long-range dependencies. To address this limitation, we propose a new attention mechanism called Global-Local Graph Attention (GLGA). Our mechanism enables the GAT to capture long-range dependencies and global graph structures while maintaining its ability to focus on local interactions. We evaluate our algorithm on three citation datasets (Cora, Citeseer, and Pubmed) using multiple metrics, demonstrating its superiority over other baseline models. The proposed GLGA mechanism has been proven to be an effective solution for improving node classification tasks.
Double-territory STEMI with cardiogenic shock in immune thrombocytopenic purpura with severe thrombocytopenia—a case report
Authors: Vijayachandra Yerramareddy , Wilson Antony , Sreeram Jayalakshmi , Mahesh Kumar Aishwarya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Myocardial infarction (MI) in a patient with immune thrombocytopenia is a rare scenario which is very challenging to manage.

Case summary
We present a rare case of a patient with immune thrombocytopenic purpura who developed double territory segment-elevation MI with cardiogenic shock. She had an extremely rare presentation with a fresh mobile thrombus in the aortic root which was trap-dooring the right coronary artery ostium and extending into the artery with an embolism into the distal left anterior descending artery. We managed this patient conservatively with excellent recovery owing to the dangerous location of the hanging thrombus, and severe thrombocytopenia.

Conclusions
Multidisciplinary approach is required for the management of MI in patients with pre-existing blood disorders, with therapy tailored to the patient's presentation and treatment requirements.
PEPhub: a database, web interface, and API for editing, sharing, and validating biological sample metadata
Authors: LeRoy Nathan J , Khoroshevskyi Oleksandr , O’Brien Aaron , Stępień Rafał , Arslan Alip , Sheffield Nathan C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
As biological data increase, we need additional infrastructure to share them and promote interoperability. While major effort has been put into sharing data, relatively less emphasis is placed on sharing metadata. Yet, sharing metadata is also important and in some ways has a wider scope than sharing data themselves.

Results
Here, we present PEPhub, an approach to improve sharing and interoperability of biological metadata. PEPhub provides an API, natural-language search, and user-friendly web-based sharing and editing of sample metadata tables. We used PEPhub to process more than 100,000 published biological research projects and index them with fast semantic natural-language search. PEPhub thus provides a fast and user-friendly way to finding existing biological research data or to share new data.

Availability
https://pephub.databio.org