bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOFIA Aspiration System as first-line Technique (SOFAST): a prospective, multicenter study to assess the efficacy and safety of the 6 French SOFIA Flow Plus aspiration catheter for endovascular stroke thrombectomy
Authors: Gandhi Dheeraj , Chen Huanwen , Zaidi Syed , Sahlein Daniel H , Maidan Lucian , Kreitel Kenneth , Miller Timothy R , Rahimi Scott , Al Shekhlee Amer , Woo Henry H , Toth Gabor , Schirmer Clemens , Loh Yince , Fiorella David 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundMechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). The SOFAST study collected clinical evidence on the safety and efficacy of the 6 French SOFIA Flow Plus aspiration catheter (SOFIA 6F) when used as first-line treatment.MethodsThis was a prospective, multicenter investigation to assess the safety and efficacy of SOFIA 6F used for first-line aspiration. Anterior circulation LVO stroke patients were enrolled. The primary endpoint was the final modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI)≥2b rate. Secondary endpoints included first-pass and first-line mTICI≥2b rates, times from arteriotomy to clot contact and mTICI≥2b, and 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS)≤2. First-line and final mTICI scores were adjudicated by an independent imaging core lab. Safety events were assessed by an independent clinical events adjudicator.ResultsA total of 108 patients were enrolled across 12 centers from July 2020 to June 2022. Median age was 67 years, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 15.5, and 56.5% of patients received intravenous thrombolytics. At the end of the procedure, 97.2%, 85.2%, and 55.6% of patients achieved mTICI≥2b, ≥2c, and 3, respectively. With SOFIA 6F first-line aspiration, 87.0%, 79.6%, and 52.8% achieved mTICI≥2b, ≥2c, and 3, respectively. After the first pass, 75.0%, 70.4%, and 50.9% achieved mTICI≥2b, ≥2c, and 3, respectively. Median times from arteriotomy to clot contact and successful revascularization were 12 and 17 min, respectively. At 90 days, 66.7% of patients achieved mRS≤2.ConclusionsFirst-line aspiration with SOFIA 6F is safe and effective with high revascularization rates and short procedure times.
Pioneering artificial intelligence-based real time assistance for intracranial liquid embolization in humans: an initial experience
Authors: Sakakura Yuya , Masuo Osamu , Fujimoto Takeshi , Terada Tomoaki , Kono Kenichi 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundLiquid embolization in neuroendovascular procedures carries the risk of embolizing an inappropriate vessel. Operators must pay close attention to multiple vessels during the procedure to avoid ischemic complications. We report our experience with real time artificial intelligence (AI) assisted liquid embolization and evaluate its performance.MethodsAn AI-based system (Neuro-Vascular Assist, iMed technologies, Tokyo, Japan) was used in eight endovascular liquid embolization procedures in two institutions. The software automatically detects liquid embolic agent on biplane fluoroscopy images in real time and notifies operators when the agent reaches a predefined area. Safety, efficacy, and accuracy of the notifications were evaluated using recorded videos.ResultsOnyx or n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) was used in the treatment of arteriovenous malformation, dural arteriovenous fistula, meningioma, and chronic subdural hematoma. The mean number of true positive and false negative notifications per case was 31.8 and 2.8, respectively. No false positive notifications occurred. The precision and recall of the notifications were 100% and 92.0%, respectively. In 28.3% of the true positive notifications, the operator immediately paused agent injection after receiving the notification, which demonstrates the potential effectiveness of the AI-based system. No adverse events were associated with the notifications.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of real time AI assistance with liquid embolization procedures in humans. The system demonstrated high notification accuracy, safety, and potential clinical usefulness in liquid embolization procedures. Further research is warranted to validate its impact on clinical outcomes. AI-based real time surgical support has the potential to advance neuroendovascular treatment.
Statin use and long-term risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage: the MUCH-Italy
Authors: Pezzini Alessandro , Tarantino Barbara , Zedde Maria Luisa , Marcheselli Simona , Silvestrelli Giorgio , Ciccone Alfonso , Delodovici Maria Luisa , Princiotta Cariddi Lucia , Vidale Simone , Paciaroni Maurizio , Azzini Cristiano , Padroni Marina , Gamba Massimo , Magoni Mauro , Del Sette Massimo , Tassi Rossana , de Franco Ivo Giuseppe , Cavallini Anna , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore , Cappellari Manuel , Giorli Elisa , Giacalone Giacomo , Lodigiani Corrado , Zenorini Mara , Valletta Francesco , Pascarella Rosario , Abrignani Giorgia , Castellini Paola , Genovese Antonio , Latte Lilia , Trapasso Maria Claudia , Grisendi Ilaria , Assenza Federica , Napoli Manuela , Moratti Claudio , Beccattini Sofia , Acampa Maurizio , Valzania Franco , Grassi Mario , Gentilini Davide 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundWhether statin use after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) increases the risk of recurrent ICH is uncertain.MethodsIn the setting of the Multicentric Study on Cerebral Haemorrhage in Italy we followed up a cohort of 30-day ICH survivors, consecutively admitted from January 2002 to July 2014, to assess whether the use of statins after the acute event is associated with recurrent cerebral bleeding.Results1623 patients (mean age, 73.9±10.3 years; males, 55.9%) qualified for the analysis. After a median follow-up of 40.5 months (25th to 75th percentile, 67.7) statin use was not associated with increased risk of recurrent ICH either in the whole study group (adjusted HR, 0.99; 95% CI 0.64 to 1.53) or in the subgroups defined by haematoma location (deep ICH, adjusted HR, 0.74; 95% CI 0.35 to 1.57; lobar ICH, adjusted HR, 1.09; 95% CI 0.62 to 1.90), intensity of statins (low-moderate intensity statins, adjusted HR, 0.93; 95% CI 0.58 to 1.49; high-intensity statins, adjusted HR, 1.48; 95% CI 0.66 to 3.31) and use of statins before the index event (adjusted HR, 0.66; 95% CI 0.38 to 1.17).ConclusionsStatin use appears to be unrelated to the risk of ICH recurrence.
Thin seams and small mines are associated with higher exposures to respirable crystalline silica in US underground coal mines
Authors: Shao Yuan , Almberg Kirsten S , Friedman Lee S , Cohen Robert A , Go Leonard H T 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesPrevious radiologic and histopathologic studies suggest respirable crystalline silica (RCS) overexposure has been driving the resurgence of pneumoconiosis among contemporary US coal miners, with a higher prevalence of severe disease in Central Appalachia. We sought to better understand RCS exposure among US underground coal miners.MethodsWe analysed RCS levels, as measured by respirable quartz, from coal mine dust compliance data from 1982 to 2021.ResultsWe analysed 322 919 respirable quartz samples from 5064 US underground coal mines. Mean mine-level respirable quartz percentage and mass concentrations were consistently higher for Central Appalachian mines than the rest of the USA. Mean mine-level respirable quartz mass concentrations decreased significantly over time, from 0.116 mg/m3in 1982 to as low as 0.017 mg/m3for Central Appalachian mines, and from 0.089 mg/m3in 1983 to 0.015 mg/m3in 2020 for the rest of the USA. Smaller mine size, location in Central Appalachia, lack of mine safety committee and thinner coal seams were predictive of higher respirable quartz mass concentrations.ConclusionsThese data substantially support the association between RCS overexposure and the resurgence of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis in the USA, particularly in smaller mines in Central Appalachia.
Circular motion and collisions of particles with magnetic dipole moment and electric charge in dipolar magnetosphere around Schwarzschild black holes
Authors: Khan Saeed Ullah , Abdurkhmonov Ozodbek , Rayimbaev Javlon , Ahmedov Saidmuhammad , Turaev Yunus , Muminov Sokhibjan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNo-hair theorem indicates that black holes cannot have their own magnetic dipole moment. They can be weakly magnetized in binary systems with a neutron star companion and an accretion disc of charged particles. A simple model suggested by Petterson states that a current loop accreting a Schwarzschild black hole generates dipole-like magnetic fields in the outer region of the loop that are uniform in the inner region. This study considers circular motion and collisions of charged test particles with magnetic dipole moments in the inner and outer regions. First, we derive the effective potential taking into account the magnetic interactions between external magnetic fields with electric charge and the magnetic dipole moment of the particle. We investigate the possible innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) of the charged and magnetized particles orbiting the magnetized Schwarzschild black hole inside and outside the current loop. Finally, we explore the collisional processes of these particles near the black hole horizons, examining the effects of magnetic interactions on the critical angular momentum of particles that may collide and the center of mass energy of the colliding particles. We discuss astrophysical relevant objects with magnetic dipole moment and electric charge: magnetized neutron stars, white dwarfs, rotating stellar-mass black holes, electrons, and protons, and also estimate the interaction parameters for them.
Stability of a Ni/NiF2 Reference Electrode with a Metallic Membrane for Use in Molten Fluoride Salts
Authors: Newton Matthew , Meaders Tom , Steppan Jim , Bae Sangeun , Simpson Michael 
Published: June 2024

In this study, an experimental high-temperature fluoride salt reference electrode (RE) developed by HiFunda LLC was tested in molten FLiNaK at 550 °C. The high-temperature reference electrode (HTRE), based on the Ni/NiF2 redox couple, was tested over a period of 13 d for short-term stability, long-term stability, and electrochemical analysis capabilities. The HTRE was tested using open circuit potentiometry (OCP), cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The HTRE reference potential was measured against changes in salt composition by increasing FeF2 concentrations in the melt across six additions from 0 to 0.1 mol% FeF2. The long-term stability of the electrode was then tested over ten days at a constant composition of 0.1 mol% FeF2. OCP, SWV, and CV were used to calculate an average potential drift between 7–10 mV per day. Using CV and SWV, the number of electrons transferred for iron reduction and the diffusion coefficient of Fe2+ were measured.
Yinchenhao Decoction Protects Against Acute Liver Injury in Mice With Biliary Acute Pancreatitis by Regulating the Gut Microflora–Bile Acids–Liver Axis
Authors: Zhao Xianlin , Wu Xiajia , Hu Qian , Yao Jiaqi , Yang Yue , Wan Meihua , Tang Wenfu 
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims: Acute liver injury (ALI) often follows biliary acute pancreatitis (BAP), but the exact cause and effective treatment are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the gut microflora–bile acids–liver axis in BAP‐ALI in mice and to assess the potential therapeutic effects of Yinchenhao decoction (YCHD), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine formula, on BAP‐ALI.Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were allocated into three groups: negative control (NC), BAP model, and YCHD treatment groups. The severity of BAP‐ALI, intrahepatic bile acid levels, and the gut microbiota were assessed 24 h after BAP‐ALI induction in mice.Results: Our findings demonstrated that treatment with YCHD significantly ameliorated the severity of BAP‐ALI, as evidenced by the mitigation of hepatic histopathological changes and a reduction in liver serum enzyme levels. Moreover, YCHD alleviated intrahepatic cholestasis and modified the composition of bile acids, as indicated by a notable increase in conjugated bile acids. Additionally, 16S rDNA sequencing analysis of the gut microbiome revealed distinct alterations in the richness and composition of the microbiome in BAP‐ALI mice compared to those in control mice. YCHD treatment effectively improved the intestinal flora disorders induced by BAP‐ALI. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a significant association between the distinct compositional characteristics of the intestinal microbiota and the intrahepatic bile acid concentration.Conclusions: These findings imply a potential link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and intrahepatic cholestasis in BAP‐ALI mice and suggest that YCHD treatment may confer protection against BAP‐ALI via the gut microflora–bile acids–liver axis.
Risk and Prognosis of Cancer in Patients with Obstructive Uropathy Compared with the General Danish Population
Authors: Nørgaard Mette , Körmendiné Farkas Dóra , Gotschalck Madeleine A. , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
To examine whether obstructive uropathy is associated with increased risk of cancer and whether mortality differs between patients with cancer with and without obstructive uropathy.

Methods:
In a nationwide population-based Danish cohort study including 37,275 adult patients with a first-time hospital-related diagnosis of obstructive uropathy in 1996 to 2022, we assessed cumulative cancer incidence (risk) and standardized incidence ratios (SIR). Furthermore, we compared the mortality of 7,485 patients diagnosed with cancer after obstructive uropathy diagnosis with that of 69,785 patients with cancer without obstructive uropathy matched by age, sex, cancer site, stage, and calendar year of cancer diagnosis.

Results:
The 3-month risk of cancer after an obstructive uropathy diagnosis was 9.6%. The 3-month SIR was 34.2 [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.1–35.4] while the 1 to &lt;5 year SIR was 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1–1.3). The 3-month SIRs were 82.7 (95% CI, 79.3–86.2) for urological cancer, 88.8 (95% CI, 79.8–98.5) for gynecological cancer, and 13.9 (95% CI, 12.0–15.9) for colorectal cancer. After 1 year of follow-up, the excess number of urological cancers decreased to 0.1 per 100 person-years, whereas we observed no excess risk of gynecological and colorectal cancers. The 5-year all-cause mortality following cancer was 64.1% (95% CI, 62.9–65.2) in patients with an obstructive uropathy diagnosis before cancer diagnosis and 53.2% (95% CI, 52.9–53.6) in those without.

Conclusions:
A first-time diagnosis of obstructive uropathy can be a clinical marker of underlying undiagnosed cancer and elevated mortality in relation to any cancer diagnosed after obstructive uropathy.

Impact:
These findings can inform the follow-up recommendations for obstructive uropathy.
Glycolytic PFKFB3 and Glycogenic UGP2 Axis Regulates Perfusion Recovery in Experimental Hind Limb Ischemia
Authors: Jaiyesimi Olukemi , Kuppuswamy Sivaraman , Zhang Guangwei , Batan Sonia , Zhi Wenbo , Ganta Vijay C. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Despite being in an oxygen-rich environment, endothelial cells (ECs) use anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) as the primary metabolic pathway for cellular energy needs. PFKFB (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase)-3 regulates a critical enzymatic checkpoint in glycolysis and has been shown to induce angiogenesis. This study builds on our efforts to determine the metabolic regulation of ischemic angiogenesis and perfusion recovery in the ischemic muscle.

METHODS:
Hypoxia serum starvation (HSS) was used as an in vitro peripheral artery disease (PAD) model, and hind limb ischemia by femoral artery ligation and resection was used as a preclinical PAD model.

RESULTS:
Despite increasing PFKFB3-dependent glycolysis, HSS significantly decreased the angiogenic capacity of ischemic ECs. Interestingly, inhibiting PFKFB3 significantly induced the angiogenic capacity of HSS-ECs. Since ischemia induced a significant in PFKFB3 levels in hind limb ischemia muscle versus nonischemic, we wanted to determine whether glucose bioavailability (rather than PFKFB3 expression) in the ischemic muscle is a limiting factor behind impaired angiogenesis. However, treating the ischemic muscle with intramuscular delivery of D-glucose or L-glucose (osmolar control) showed no significant differences in the perfusion recovery, indicating that glucose bioavailability is not a limiting factor to induce ischemic angiogenesis in experimental PAD. Unexpectedly, we found that shRNA-mediated PFKFB3 inhibition in the ischemic muscle resulted in an increased perfusion recovery and higher vascular density compared with control shRNA (consistent with the increased angiogenic capacity of PFKFB3 silenced HSS-ECs). Based on these data, we hypothesized that inhibiting HSS-induced PFKFB3 expression/levels in ischemic ECs activates alternative metabolic pathways that revascularize the ischemic muscle in experimental PAD. A comprehensive glucose metabolic gene qPCR arrays in PFKFB3 silenced HSS-ECs, and PFKFB3-knock-down ischemic muscle versus respective controls identified UGP2 (uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2), a regulator of protein glycosylation and glycogen synthesis, is induced upon PFKFB3 inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Antibody-mediated inhibition of UGP2 in the ischemic muscle significantly impaired perfusion recovery versus IgG control. Mechanistically, supplementing uridine diphosphate-glucose, a metabolite of UGP2 activity, significantly induced HSS-EC angiogenic capacity in vitro and enhanced perfusion recovery in vivo by increasing protein glycosylation (but not glycogen synthesis).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data present that inhibition of maladaptive PFKFB3-driven glycolysis in HSS-ECs is necessary to promote the UGP2-uridine diphosphate-glucose axis that enhances ischemic angiogenesis and perfusion recovery in experimental PAD.
Unveiling the Diagnostic Value of Strain Parameters Across All 4 Cardiac Chambers in Patients With Acute Myocarditis With Varied Ejection Fraction: A Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature‐Tracking Approach
Authors: Zhang Xinping , Wang Ce , Huang Yuantao , Zhang Shi‐jun , Xu Junqing 
Published: June 2024

Background
This study assesses the diagnostic utility of strain parameters from cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking across all cardiac chambers in patients with acute myocarditis, stratified by ejection fraction.

Methods and Results
Our cohort included 65 patients with acute myocarditis and 25 healthy controls; all underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on left ventricular ejection fraction (EF)with a 55% cutoff: acute myocarditis with preserved EF, EF ≥55%, n=48; and acute myocarditis with reduced EF, EF <55%, n=17. The control group matched for age and sex. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking evaluated strain parameters across all cardiac chambers. Both acute myocarditis with preserved EF and acute myocarditis with reduced EF groups showed significant decreases in left atrial peak early negative strain rate compared with controls. The acute myocarditis with reduced EF group had significantly reduced left ventricular circumferential strain relative to acute myocarditis with preserved EF and controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed the diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing patients with acute myocarditis with preserved EF from controls, with left atrial peak early negative strain rate achieving 92.9% specificity, left ventricular circumferential strain demonstrating an area under the curve of 0.832, and similarly effective results for left ventricular longitudinal strain and right ventricular longitudinal strain. Additionally, left atrial peak early negative strain rate and left ventricular circumferential strain showed significant correlations with troponin I levels, indicating myocardial injury.

Conclusions
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature‐tracking–derived strain parameters, particularly left atrial peak early negative strain rate and left ventricular circumferential strain, effectively diagnose acute myocarditis across different EFs, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and facilitating early detection, notably in patients with preserved EF.
Heterogeneous Effects of Intensive Glycemic and Blood Pressure on Cardiovascular Events Among Diabetes by Living Arrangements
Authors: Kiyohara Kanta , Kondo Naoki , Iwami Taku , Yano Yuichiro , Nishiyama Akira , Node Koichi , Inagaki Nobuya , Duru O. Kenrik , Inoue Kosuke 
Published: June 2024

Background
Although living alone versus with others is a key social element for cardiovascular prevention in diabetes, evidence is lacking about whether the benefit of intensive glycemic and blood pressure (BP) control differs by living arrangements. We thus aim to investigate heterogeneity in the joint effect of intensive glycemic and BP control on cardiovascular events by living arrangements among participants with diabetes.

Methods and Results

This study included 4731 participants with diabetes in the ACCORD‐BP (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes‐Blood Pressure) trial. They were randomized into 4 study arms, each with glycated hemoglobin target (intensive, <6.0% versus standard, 7.0–7.9%) and systolic BP target (intensive, <120 mm Hg versus standard <140 mm Hg). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the joint effect of intensive glycemic and BP control on the composite cardiovascular outcome according to living arrangements. At a mean follow‐up of 4.7 years, the cardiovascular outcome was observed in 445 (9.4%) participants. Among participants living with others, intensive treatment for both glycemia and BP showed decreased risk of cardiovascular events compared with standard treatment (hazard ratio [HR], 0.68 [95% CI, 0.51–0.92]). However, this association was not found among participants living alone (HR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.58–1.59]).
P
for interaction between intensive glycemic and BP control was 0.53 among participants living with others and 0.009 among those living alone (
P
value for 3‐way interaction including living arrangements was 0.049).

Conclusions
We found benefits of combining intensive glycemic and BP control for cardiovascular outcomes among participants living with others but not among those living alone. Our study highlights the critical role of living arrangements in intensive care among patients with diabetes.