bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in cardiovascular function during submaximal exercise in humans
Authors: Wheatley Courtney M , Snyder Eric M , Johnson Bruce D , Olson Thomas P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDifferences in cardiovascular function between sexes have been documented at rest and maximal exercise. The purpose of this study was to examine the sex differences in cardiovascular function during submaximal constant-load exercise, which is not well understood.Thirty-one male and 33 female subjects completed nine minutes moderate and nine minutes vigorous intensity submaximal exercise (40 and 75% of peak watts determined by maximal exercise test). Measurements included: intra-arterial blood pressure (SBP and DBP), cardiac index (QI), heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2) and arterial catecholamines (epinephrine = EPI and norepinephrine = NE), and blood gases. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), stroke volume index (SVI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), arterial oxygen content (CaO2), arterial to venous O2difference (AVO2) and systemic oxygen transport (SOT) were calculated.At rest and during submaximal exercise QI, SVI, SBP, MAP, NE, CaO2, and SOT were lower in females compared to males. VO2, AVO2, EPI were lower in females throughout exercise. When corrected for wattage, females had a higher Q, HR, SV, VO2and AVO2despite lower energy expenditure and higher mechanical efficiency.This study demonstrates sex differences in the cardiovascular response to constant-load submaximal exercise. Specifically, females presented limitations in cardiac performance in which they are unable to compensate for reductions in stroke volume through increases in HR, potentially a consequence of a female’s blunted sympathetic response and higher vasodilatory state. Females demonstrated greater cardiac work needed to meet the same external work demand, and relied on increased peripheral oxygen extraction, lower energy expenditure and improvements in mechanical efficiency as compensatory mechanisms.
Empyema, acute respiratory failure, and septic shock after aspiration of a soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) bone by an adult
Authors: Zhang Gensheng , Yu Yang , Zhang Shufang , Li Na , Xu Hao , Cui Wei 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Introduction
The common late complications of foreign body aspiration include granulation formation, obstructive pneumonia, and atelectasis. However, a foreign body-induced pleural infection is very rare, and especially when it is not iatrogenic.

Case description
A 64-year-old Chinese man was admitted to our hospital with septic shock and acute respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. Computed tomography revealed multiloculated pleural effusion on the whole right side and right lung atelectasis, with enhanced thickening and calcification of pleura and a foreign body in the right intermediate bronchus. The effusion appeared as a cloudy fluid consistent with pus. A bedside bronchoscopy revealed an irregular foreign body lodged in the right intermediate bronchus. The hard bone was removed and confirmed to be a soft-shelled turtle bone. A final diagnosis of foreign body-induced empyema, acute respiratory failure, and septic shock was confirmed. The patient showed good recovery after completing a course of broad-spectrum antibiotics and undergoing chest tube drainage.

Discussion and evaluation
Although empyema has been reported previously as a rare complication of long-term retention of an aspirated foreign body, no case has been observed that was as serious as our current patient. In addition, a foreign body aspiration by a soft-shelled turtle bone was never reported before.

Conclusions
For the first time, we describe the successful treatment of an adult patient presenting with empyema, accompanied by serious conditions of acute respiratory failure and septic shock induced by aspiration of a soft-shelled turtle bone. Clinicians should consider the possibility of non-iatrogenic foreign body-induced empyema with acute onset of respiratory failure, when a patient’s symptoms cannot be attributed to an alternative obvious cause.
Functional Analysis of Novel Genetic Variation in the Thyroid Hormone Activating Type 2 Deiodinase
Authors: Zevenbergen Chantal , Klootwijk Wim , Peeters Robin P. , Medici Marco , de Rijke Yolanda B. , Huisman Sylvia A. , Goeman Henk , Boot Erik , de Kuijper Gerda , de Waal K. Herman , Meima Marcel E. , Larsen P. Reed , Visser Theo J. , Visser W. Edward 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Thyroid hormones (TH) are important for normal brain development and abnormal TH regulation in the brain results in neurocognitive impairments. The type 2 deiodinase (D2) is important for local TH control in the brain by generating the active hormone T3 from its precursor T4. Dysfunction of D2 likely results in a neurocognitive phenotype. No mutations in D2 have been reported yet.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to identify D2 mutations in patients with intellectual disability and to test their functional consequences.

Design, Setting, and Patients:
The patients were selected from the multicenter Thyroid Origin of Psychomotor Retardation study, which is a cohort of 946 subjects with unexplained intellectual disability. Based on characteristic serum TH values, the coding region of the DIO2 gene was sequenced in 387 patients. Functional consequences were assessed by in vitro D2 assays or intact cell metabolism studies using cells transfected with wild-type or mutant D2.

Results:
Sequence analysis revealed two heterozygous mutations: c.11T&gt;A (p.L4H) in three subjects and c.305C&gt;T (p.T102I) in one subject. Sequence analysis of family members revealed several carriers, but no segregation was observed with thyroid parameters or neurocognitive phenotype. Extensive tests with different in vitro D2 assays did not show differences between wild-type and mutant D2.

Conclusion:
This study describes the identification and functional consequences of novel genetic variation in TH activating enzyme D2. Family studies and functional tests suggest that these variants do not underlie the neurocognitive impairment. Altogether our data provide evidence of the existence of rare but apparently harmless genetic variants of D2.
Cost for the treatment of actinic keratosis on the rise in Australia
Authors: Perera Eshini , McGuigan Sean , Sinclair Rodney 
Published: August 2014

Objectives:To report the burden and cost of actinic keratosis (AK) treatment in Australia and to forecast the number of AK treatments and the associated costs to 2020.Design and setting:A retrospective study of data obtained from medicare Australia for AK treated by cryotherapy between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 2012, by year and by state or territory.Results:The total number of AK cryotherapy treatments increased from 247,515 in 1994 to 643,622 in 2012, and we estimate that the number of treatments will increase to 831,952 (95% CI 676,919 to 986,987) by 2020. The total Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) benefits paid out for AK in 2012 was $19.6 million and we forecast that this will increase to $24.7 million by 2020 (without inflation).Conclusion:The number of AK cryotherapy treatments increased by 160% between 1994 and 2012. we forecast that the number of treatments will increase by 30% between 2012 and 2020. The rates of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and AK appear to be increasing at the same rate. During the period 2010 to 2015 AK is anticipated to increase by 17.8% which follows a similar trend to published data that forecasts an increase in NMSC treatments of 22.3%.
Device-related atypical pressure ulcer after cardiac surgery
Authors: Glasgow D. , Millen S. , Nzewi O.C. , Varadarajaran B. 
Published: August 2014

Medical devices must be closely monitored to prevent harm to patients. Pressure ulcers secondary to medical devices present a significant health burden in terms of length of stay in hospital and cost. Intensivists, anaesthetists and other professionals involved in managing critically ill patients following cardiac surgery need to be aware that pressure ulcers may develop in atypical sites and present at a later stage of the hospital stay. This case report highlights the important issue of device-related pressure ulcers in the cardiac surgical intensive care setting, particularly when the clinical status of the patient may preclude routine assessment and prophylaxis. An algorithm for preventing such pressure ulcers is suggested. Declaration of interest: No competing interests declared.
Effects of SertaSil on wound healing in the rat
Authors: Bilyayeva O. , Neshta V.V. , Golub A. , Sams-Dodd F. 
Published: August 2014

Objective: SertaSil is a novel product for the topical management of wound exudate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of SertaSil to promote wound healing in a pre-clinical wound model. Methods: An aseptic wound was induced in rats by administering 1ml 10% calcium chloride solution into the subcutaneous layer under local anaesthesia. Following opening of the abscess, animals were divided into a control group (no treatment) and either SertaSil or Gentaxane, which were applied topically to the wound every 24 hours until a clean wound was achieved, that is, free from necrosis, pus and fibrinogenous thickenings. Results: Rats (n=15 per group) receiving SertaSil reached the clean wound stage in 3.0±0.4 days compared to 7.0±0.4 days for Gentaxane and 10.0±0.4 days for the control. Time to wound closure was 13.9±0.3 days for SertaSil, 18.7±0.6 days for Gentaxane, and 23.0±0.4 days for the control. The surface area of the wounds were measured at day 1 and day 13. At day 1, the wound surface areas (mm2) were similar in all three groups (157.4±8.9), but at day 13 the SertaSil group had significantly smaller wound areas (5.2±1.7) compared to the Gentaxane (38.0±1.5) and control groups (95.7±11.3). The study was conducted in young rats that are still growing and gaining weight. At day 19, only the rats receiving SertaSil exhibited a weight increase (271±5g) indicating good recovery, whereas rats receiving Gentaxane did not gain weight (249±5g) and rats in the control group lost weight (242±16 g). Conclusion: The study found that SertaSil reduced the time to reaching a clean wound by 60% compared to Gentaxane and promoted faster wound closure and better recovery. These findings suggest that SertaSil may be valuable for use in the treatment of wounds in patients. Declaration of interest: r. Bilyayeva, Dr. Neshta and Dr. Golub are inventors of SertaSil and Dr. Sams-Dodd is from Willingsford Ltd.
Parents' Views of Psychological Services for Children With a Disability
Authors: Connell Tim , Hodges Violetta 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe greater risk of mental health issues for all members of a family when a child has a physical disability is well established. Families' views of the type of psychological services that will be most helpful were surveyed. Parents of 69 children with physical disabilities (primarily cerebral palsy) completed a postal survey of psychological issues they had experienced in the past, value of any help received, and their descriptions of experiences with support workers that were either helpful or unhelpful to their psychological coping. Parents indicated strongly that the help for the psychological issues was helpful. Of all categories of support worker identified, the percentage of psychologists being helpful was highest. One distinctive quality of the parent-identified features of effective support services reported in this study is their simplicity. Parents want to be supported by workers who are caring, do their jobs well, provide good information about the issues and help them connect with other families.
»Trasumanar significar per verba / non si poria «. Zu Dantes erstem Gesang des Paradiso
Authors: Guthmüller Bodo 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
L’esperienza più sublime che l’uomo possa fare, l’ascesa verso Dio, viene descritta da Dante nella terza cantica sulla base della propria esperienza personale. Al fine di evidenziare la straordinarietà dell’evento, Dante conia un nuovo concetto, »trasumanar«, andare al di là della natura umana‚ e lo colloca, per la sua importanza fondamentale, in posizione centrale nel primo canto, cioè nel verso 70, su un totale di 142 versi. Per la sua esperienza del »trasumanar« Dante si appella all’esempio mitologico di Glauco, tuttavia Glauco può valere soltanto come prefigurazione imperfetta dell’ascesa al Paradiso; il vero modello cristiano è nella narrazione di s. Paolo nella seconda lettera ai Corinzi. Il saggio presente si propone il fine di chiarire meglio il concetto di Dante, ricorrendo ai principali testi di cui il poeta si è ispirato (le Metamorfosi di Ovidio, le Epistole di s. Paolo, De consolatione Philosophiae di Boezio ...).
Petrarca, Dante, Cavalcanti: La formazione dell’auctoritas volgare
Authors: Barański Zygmunt G. 
Published: August 2014

Zusammenfassung
Das Verhältnis Petrarcas zu Dante ist kompliziert und vielschichtig. Die Widersprüchlichkeit der einzelnen Belege - wenige direkte Verweise, dafür jedoch sehr viele textuelle Anleihen - hat es der Forschung leicht gemacht, widerstreitende Erklärungen für die Haltung Petrarcas in Bezug auf Dante anzubieten. Gleichzeitig ist es geläufig, den Charakter des petrarkischen Dantismus innerhalb eines gewissen Leerraums zu untersuchen, indem nämlich sowohl die beiden Dichter als auch ihre Beziehung zueinander isoliert vom kulturellen Umfeld betrachtet werden. Das Hauptanliegen dieser Studie besteht dagegen darin, unter Betonung sowohl des historischen als auch des literarischen und des kulturellen Kontextes die Haltung Petrarcas gegenüber Dante einer erneuten Untersuchung zu unterziehen.
Bilder des Irdischen Paradieses im (französischen) Mittelalter und bei Dante
Authors: Wolfzettel Friedrich 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
La nozione di un paradiso terrestre costituisce un archetipo collettivo e non è limitato alla tradizione biblica e medievale; ma soltanto nel Medio Evo il motivo accenna alle origini perdute e ad un futuro eterno; e inoltre partecipa a entrambe le sfere di un mondo invisibile e di un luogo visibile e localizzabile. Un viaggio al paradiso terrestre diviene dunque possibile, e numerosi sono gli esempi di tali viaggi non solo nella letteratura religiosa, ma anche nella letteratura epica, romanzesca e allegorica, nonché nella letteratura di viaggio, sebbene pare opportuno fare una distinzione fra la visione reale e la trasposizione metaforica. Ma il paradiso terrestre descritto da Dante alla fine del Purgatorio (XXVII-XXXIII), invece di presentare una semplice sintesi di questa lunga tradizione, colpisce per il distacco dalla tradizione e i suoi tratti non convenzionali. Prima che Beatrice stabilisca il nesso del messaggio teologico collegando il paradiso terrestre con il paradiso, Dante riesce difatti a suggerire uno spazio intermedio pieno di connotazioni antiche. L’enigmatica Matelda, rappresentante del paradiso, prefigura Beatrice, ma allo stesso tempo è l’incarnazione più alta di una bellezza autonoma; cogliendo fiori, cantando e danzando, ci ricorda per un momento che il Purgatorio, collocato alla cima di un monte, è anche una specie di Parnaso delle muse, cosicché questo paradiso terrestre diventa quasi il simbolo della poesia perfetta.
Lectura Dantis: Paradiso XXIII
Authors: Weiand Christof 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Il canto XXIII è destinato a mettere in scena con splendore ciò che il Dante poeta chiamerà la battaglia de’ deboli cigli (v 78) del suo protagonista. Infatti, gli occhi del viator non sopportano le luminosità dei due trionfi che si svolgono nell’ottavo cielo, celebrando la resurrezione di Cristo e l’assunzione nel Paradiso di Maria, sua madre; due momenti-chiave oscillanti tra visione e spettacolo che sono, però, di grandissima importanza escatologica, momenti che il viaggiatore, a prima vista, si mostra incapace di leggere adeguatamente. L’esperienza paradisiaca di Dante coinvolge, qui, concetti residuali dello stilnovo, un codice poetico ormai obsoleto che, sub specie aeternitatis, rivela la sua limitatezza gnoseologica. Beatrice, cicerone celeste di un Dante titubante gli assiste a vincere finalmente la sfida sublime, vittoria gloriosa del personaggio epico implicando un cambiamento significativo nella semantica stilnovista a favore dell’ermeneutica cristiana delle ultime cose.
Stefan George als Übersetzer Dantes
Authors: Schefold Bertram 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
L’orientamento e la vita stessa di Stefan George furono profondamente influenzate dalla sua lunga occupazione con la lettura e la traduzione della Divina Commedia; le poesie del primo poeta simbolista della Germania nel Siebenter Ring e in particolare quelle per Maximin sono impensabili senza questa sperienza. La traduzione (circa un quarto del originale), altamente artistica, tenta di riprodurre tanto la forma quanto il contenuto, presentando episodi che hanno ispirato visioni tipiche del cerchio intorno a George, per esempio quella di una convivenza, basata nè sullo scambio mercantile nè sull’autorità, ma sulla cortesia del cuore.
Hugo Daffner: Spuren jenseits der Lebensmitte »Ein Deutsches Requiem«
Authors: Rentz Ruppert 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
A Hugo Daffner si deve la rifondazione, nel 1914, della Deutsche Dante-Gesellschaft. Nato nel 1882 a Monaco, Daffner ebbe una formazione di pianista, studiò composizione con Max Reger e si laureò con una tesi di dottorato su Mozart. A partire dal 1914 visse a Berlino, dove ricoprì la maggior parte delle cariche della ricostituita Dante-Gesellschaft - fino al 1927, quando cessò ogni attività in seno alla società. A partire dal 1933 si dedicò esclusivamente alla composizione; fino ad ora è stata pubblicata solo una piccola parte delle sue opere. Diffamato dai nazionalsocialisti come »parassita del popolo«, nel 1936 fu deportato a Dachau; nello stesso anno morì in circostanze oscure. Il presente contributo si propone di far luce sull'ultimo periodo della vita di un uomo a cui la Deutsche Dante- Gesellschaft deve la propria rinascita.
Facetten des Verlangens. Desiderium in der christlichen Theologie vor 1300 und in Dantes Commedia
Authors: Leuker Tobias 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Partendo da un saggio di Franco Ferrucci, l’articolo illustra le accezioni più rilevanti del termine disio nell’opera di Dante. Segue un’analisi del IV canto dell’Inferno, nella quale si misura la dimensione tragica del contrappasso escogitato da Dante per le anime del Limbo - l’essere travagliate da un »disio« »sanza speme« - in base a categorie sviluppate da una tradizione teologica che va da sant’Agostino ai mistici del XII secolo. Nell’ambito di quest’analisi, risulta particolarmente significativo il carattere polisemico del termine »sospesi« con cui sia Dante narratore sia il Virgilio della Commedia descrivono la situazione degli spiriti nobili pagani e delle anime dei bambini morti senza battesimo. Alla fine del contributo si concentra l’attenzione sulla contrapposizione, apparentemente ricercata dall’Alighieri, tra Inferno IV e Inferno V, cioè tra il disio degli abitanti del Limbo e quello che portò Paolo e Francesca al cerchio dei lussuriosi.
A TV Dante (1988) von Peter Greenaway und Tom Phillips – Eine ›strukturalistische‹ Fernseh-Adaption des Inferno
Authors: Kretschmann Tabea 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
In A TV Dante - Cantos I-VIII (1988) il regista Peter Greenaway e il pittore Tom Phillips adattavano i primi otto canti dell’Inferno di Dante per la televisione. Il film è basato su un livre d’artiste con illustrazioni e una nuova traduzione dell’Inferno di Tom Phillips (Dante’s Inferno, London 1985), del quale gli artisti volevano realizzare una ›nuova edizione televisiva‹. Allo stesso tempo Phillips e Greenaway cercavano modi per rinnovare la ›lingua televisiva‹ esistente. Questo articolo analizza la strategia dell’adattamento dell’Inferno nel film - strategia caratterizzata da un approccio ›strutturalistico‹.
Clinic attendance and health outcomes of youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Pulgarón Elizabeth Rose , Hernandez Jennifer , Dehaan Heather , Patiño-Fernandez Anna Maria , Carrillo Adriana , Sanchez Janine , Delamater Alan M. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This study assessed whether clinic attendance was related to health outcomes for youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). Medical records of pediatric patients with type 2 DM were retrospectively reviewed. Clinic attendance was much more infrequent than recommended by physicians, and 42% of the sample withdrew from medical care. Patients who had a history of not showing during appointments had higher HbA1c levels than those who attended regularly scheduled visits; however, contrary to our hypotheses, average number of clinic visits was not associated with HbA1c levels or zBMI. Given the increased risk for health complications, new strategies are needed to keep patients engaged with medical care.
Phytodentistry: use of medicinal plants
Authors: Hotwani Kavita , Baliga Sudhindra , Sharma Krishna 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Finding healing powers in plants is an ancient idea. Herbs have been used as a traditional form of medicine since time immemorial. The natural products derived from medicinal plants have proven to be an abundant source of biologically active compounds, many of which have been the basis for the development of new chemicals for pharmaceuticals. Phytodentistry implies the use of plants and their products in the process of treating disease directly or indirectly. A crucial role is played by phytotherapy in the treatment of stomatological problems. It started with the use of miswak (chewing stick), and it is still relevant today as herbal toothpaste in many parts of the country. India is the largest producer of medicinal herbs and is appropriately called the botanical garden of the world. The use of this readily available, natural and safe resource as a part of dental practice has great potential for a more “Natural and Green Dental Practice”. Plant products have long been used in dentistry as part of various dental materials right from impression materials to eugenol, which forms an integral part of the dental clinic. The use of herbs in dental practice is not limited to only material sciences. A single herb shows a variety of effects like anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal activity and many more. Hence the incorporation of these herbs in dental practice will prove to be a valuable adjunct in dental treatment. This review is aimed at exploring the perspectives of this holistic treatment approach in dentistry and its benefits as an adjunctive therapy.
Identification of deletions in children with congenital hypothyroidism and thyroid dysgenesis with the use of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification
Authors: Kumorowicz-Czoch Malgorzata , Madetko-Talowska Anna , Tylek-Lemanska Dorota , Pietrzyk Jacek J. , Starzyk Jerzy 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThyroid dysgenesis (TD) is the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Important genetic factors possibly contributing to TD etiologies include mutations of thyroid transcription factors and TSHR-encoding genes.Our objective was to determine multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) utility in detecting the copy number changes in patients with CH and TD.: The study included 45 children from southeastern Poland selected via already established neonatal screening for CH. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples and used in MLPA analysis. Genetic variations were analyzed within selected fragments of theThree heterozygous deletion types in probe hybridization regions were identified for the following genes:MLPA is a useful tool for copy number changes detection and might both improve and expand genetic analysis for CH and TD.