bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the viability of Virtual Reality as a teaching method for knee aspiration
Authors: Singh Mantaj , Smitham Peter , Jain Suyash , Day Christopher , Nijman Thomas , George Dan , Neilly David , de Blasio Justin , Gilmore Michael , Gill Tiffany K. , Proudman Susanna , Nimon Gavin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractKnee arthrocentesis is a simple procedure commonly performed by general practitioners and junior doctors. As such, doctors should be competent and comfortable in performing the technique by themselves; however, they need to be adequately trained. The best method to ensure practitioner proficiency is by optimizing teaching at an institutional level, thus, educating all future doctors in the procedure. However, the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused significant disruption to hospital teaching for medical students which necessitated investigating the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) as a platform to emulate hospital teaching of knee arthrocentesis. A workshop was conducted with 100 fourth year medical students divided into three Groups: A, B and C, each receiving a pre-reading online lecture. Group A was placed in an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) station where they were assessed by a blinded orthopaedic surgeon using the OSCE assessment rubric. Group B undertook a hands-on practice station prior to assessment, while Group C received a VR video (courtesy of the University of Adelaide’s Health Simulation) in the form of VR headset or 360° surround immersion room and hands-on station followed by the OSCE. Upon completion of the workshop, students completed a questionnaire on their confidence with the procedure and the practicality of the VR station. OSCE scores were compared between Groups B and C to investigate the educational value of VR teaching. On average, students with VR headsets reported higher confidence with the procedure and were more inclined to undertake it on their own. Students in Group C who used the VR station prior to assessment scored higher than the non-VR Groups (Group A, 56%; Group B, 67%; Group C 83%). Students in Group A had statistically significant results on average compared to those in Group B (t(69) = 3.003, p = 0.003), as do students in Group B compared to Group C (t(62) = 5.400, p < 0.001). Within Group C students who were given VR headsets scored higher than immersion room students. The VR headset was beneficial in providing students with a representation of how knee arthrocentesis may be conducted in the hospital setting. While VR will not replace conventional in-hospital teaching, given current technological limitations, it serves as an effective teaching aid for arthrocentesis and has many other potential applications for a wide scope of medicine and surgical training.
Evaluating the Accuracy and Impact of the ESR-iGuide Decision Support Tool in Optimizing CT Imaging Referral Appropriateness
Authors: Luxenburg Osnat , Vaknin Sharona , Wilf-Miron Rachel , Saban Mor 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Radiology referral quality impacts patient care, yet factors influencing quality are poorly understood. This study assessed the quality of computed tomography (CT) referrals, identified associated characteristics, and evaluated the ESR-iGuide clinical decision support tool’s ability to optimize referrals. A retrospective review analyzed 300 consecutive CT referrals from an acute care hospital. Referral quality was evaluated on a 5-point scale by three expert reviewers (inter-rater reliability κ = 0.763–0.97). The ESR-iGuide tool provided appropriateness scores and estimated radiation exposure levels for the actual referred exams and recommended exams. Scores were compared between actual and recommended exams. Associations between ESR-iGuide scores and referral characteristics, including the specialty of the ordering physician (surgical vs. non-surgical), were explored. Of the referrals, 67.1% were rated as appropriate. The most common exams were head and abdomen/pelvis CTs. The ESR-iGuide deemed 70% of the actual referrals “usually appropriate” and found that the recommended exams had lower estimated radiation exposure compared to the actual exams. Logistic regression analysis showed that non-surgical physicians were more likely to order inappropriate exams compared to surgical physicians. Over one-third of the referrals showed suboptimal quality in the unstructured system. The ESR-iGuide clinical decision support tool identified opportunities to optimize appropriateness and reduce radiation exposure. Implementation of such a tool warrants consideration to improve communication and maximize patient care quality.
School Dropout, Absenteeism and Coverage of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in South Africa: Are Those Most at Risk Reached?
Authors: McClinton Appollis Tracy , Mathews Catherine , Lombard Carl , Jonas Kim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSchool attendance or completion is important for adolescents’ development. Adolescents who drop out or are regularly absent from school are at higher risk of adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. However, there is little evidence evaluating SRH service coverage among adolescents in and out of school. In the context of a large-scale combination HIV and pregnancy prevention intervention funded by the Global Fund, we compared the SRH intervention coverage and SRH risks among adolescent girls who dropped out of school with those who were still in school or who had completed grade 12 in South Africa. Among those still in school, we compared the SRH intervention coverage and SRH risk profiles of those with high versus low or no absenteeism. In 2017 to 2018, we conducted a household survey of adolescent girls aged 15 to 19 years in six of the ten combination intervention districts. Of 2515 participants, 7.6% had dropped out of school. Among the 1864 participants still in school, 10.8% had high absenteeism. Ever having had sex, and condomless sex were more prevalent among dropouts compared with non-dropouts. Dropouts were more likely to access SRH services such as condoms and contraceptives, except the combination prevention intervention services which were more likely to reach those who had not dropped out and were equally likely to reach those in school with high versus low/no absenteeism. Combination SRH prevention programmes can improve the accessibility of SRH services for adolescents in school/who complete school.
Consumer Disposition Toward Fairness in Agri-Food Chains (FAIRFOOD): Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Del Prete Margherita , Golossenko Artyom , Gorton Matthew , Tocco Barbara , Samoggia Antonella 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFairness in agri-food supply chains receives increasing consumer, industry, and political attention but is currently under-conceptualized and lacks appropriate frameworks for measurement. Therefore, building on a theoretically grounded conceptualization of consumer dispositions toward fairness in agri-food supply chains, we developed and validated a 14-item fairness measurement scale (FAIRFOOD). The scale comprises of four dimensions (economic, environmental, social, and informational) which are manifestations of the same construct (higher-order structure). We empirically validate the scale and its reliability using four studies and eight independent samples from Italy (n = 1386) and the UK (n = 1379). The findings reveal that FAIRFOOD is related, yet distinct from theoretically relevant constructs such as ethical consumption and pro-environment behavior. The FAIRFOOD scale is a strong predictor of outcomes such as willingness to purchase Fairtrade certified products, as well as boycott and negative Word of Mouth intentions if a brand treats other supply chain actors unfairly. Regarding business strategy, rather than focusing on one dimension of fairness independently, managers should adopt a holistic approach, devising initiatives that address all four dimensions in tandem.
Natural mercury exposure of European insectivorous bats may exceed a recognized toxicity threshold
Authors: Bandouchova Hana , Novotna Kruzikova Kamila , Zukal Jan , Linhart Petr , Sedlackova Jana , Veitova Lucie , Kalocsanyiova Vendula , Pikula Jiri , Svobodova Zdenka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHeavy metals are an important group of toxic substances harmful for many organisms. Of these, mercury is one of the most monitored in the environment. Several matrices are used for the monitoring of environmental load, including a range of organisms; bats, however, have only been examined rarely. Insectivorous bats are apex predators threatened by several human interventions in their natural environment, including heavy metal pollution. The aim of this study was to analyze the content of total mercury in the fur, flight membrane, and pectoral muscle of greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis). Total mercury concentrations were also measured in carabid beetles from the catch locality Zastávka u Brna. Samples were obtained from 43 bat carcasses at two different localities in the Czech Republic (Zastávka u Brna, Malá Morávka). Total mercury content varied between 1.76–72.20 µg/g in fur, 0.04–0.14 µg/g in skin, and 0.05–0.20 µg/g in muscle. Total mercury values in the fur of some individuals from Malá Morávka exceeded the recognized toxicity limit. Furthermore, there was a significant difference (p < 0.001) in content of total mercury in fur between localities, and there was a clear effect of age on concentrations in fur, skin, and muscle, the concentrations being significantly correlated (fur and skin rs = 0.783; fur and muscle rs = 0.716; skin and muscle rs = 0.884). These findings confirm the usefulness of fur samples from living bats for biomonitoring mercury burden in the environment.
The density of Meissner polyhedra
Authors: Hynd Ryan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe consider Meissner polyhedra in $$\mathbb {R}^3$$

R

3

. These are constant width bodies whose boundaries consist of pieces of spheres and spindle tori. We define these shapes by taking appropriate intersections of congruent balls and show that they are dense within the space of constant width bodies in the Hausdorff topology. This density assertion was essentially established by Sallee. However, we offer a modern viewpoint taking into consideration the recent progress in understanding ball polyhedra and in constructing constant width bodies based on these shapes.
Chitosan, Glutamic Acid/Monocarboxylic Cobalt-Phthalocyanine, and Carboxymethyl Cellulose as Innovative Antimicrobial Amide Biocomposites
Authors: Abd El-Ghaffar M. A. , Hashem M. S. , Youssef Elham A. M. , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, new efficient antimicrobial hybrid amide biocomposites were developed through the condensation of chitosan with monocarboxylic cobalt-phthalocyanine (MC-CoPc) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), individually, as well as chitosan/(MC-CoPc)/glutamic acid and chitosan/(MC-CoPc)/CMC using a Dean and Stark apparatus in the presence of xylene as an aprotic solvent for 4 h until the required amount of water was collected. The resulting hybrid amide biopolymer chitosan condensation adducts were filtered, air-dried, washed several times with ethanol, and subsequently dried in an electric oven at 40 °C for 24 h. The hybrid amide chitosan biocomposites were characterized through spectrophotometric methods, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–visible), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and antimicrobial analyses against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeast, and fungi. The results confirmed the formation of hybrid chitosan amide biocomposites with very good antimicrobial properties. The efficiency of these hybrid biocomposites can be ranked as follows: chitosan/(MC-CoPc)/glutamic acid > chitosan/(MC-CoPc)/CMC > chitosan/(MC-CoPc) > chitosan/CMC. These results highlight the potential of these hybrid amide biocomposites as highly efficient antimicrobial materials suitable for use in drug delivery systems and other biomedical applications.
Re-thinging Embodied and Enactive Psychiatry: A Material Engagement Approach
Authors: Malafouris Lambros , Röhricht Frank 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmerging consensus among enactivist philosophers and embodied mind theorists suggests that seeking to understand mental illness we need to look out of our skulls at the ecology of the brain. Still, the complex links between materiality (in broadest sense of material objects, habits, practices and environments) and mental health remain little understood. This paper discusses the benefits of adopting a material engagement approach to embodied and enactive psychiatry. We propose that the material engagement approach can change the geography of the debate over the nature of mental disorders and through that help to develop theoretical and practical insights that could improve management and treatment for various psychiatric conditions. We investigate the potential role of Material Engagement Theory (MET) in psychiatry using examples of aetiologically different mental illnesses (schizophrenia and dementia) in respect of their shared phenomenological manifestations, focusing particularly on issues of memory, self-awareness, embodiment and temporality. The effective study of socio-material relations allows better understanding of the semiotic significance and agency of specific materials, environments and technical mediations. There is unrealised potential here for creating new approaches to treatment that can broaden, challenge or complement existing interventions and practices of care.
Purely periodic continued fractions and graph-directed iterated function systems
Authors: Panti Giovanni 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe describe Gauss-type maps as geometric realizations of certain codes in the monoid of nonnegative matrices in the extended modular group. Each such code, together with an appropriate choice of unimodular intervals in $${{\,\textrm{P}\,}}^1\mathbb {R}$$

P

1

R

, determines a dual pair of graph-directed iterated function systems, whose attractors contain intervals and constitute the domains of a dual pair of Gauss-type maps. Our framework covers many continued fraction algorithms (such as Farey fractions, Ceiling, Even and Odd, Nearest Integer, $$\ldots $$
…
) and provides explicit dual algorithms and characterizations of those quadratic irrationals having a purely periodic expansion.
‘We Often Forget It Was a Disaster’: Cross-Curricular Teacher Collaboration to Develop a Curriculum Unit on the Titanic Disaster
Authors: Park Wonyong , Shaby Neta , Newman Rachele 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere is a growing emphasis on integrating school subjects and cross disciplinary boundaries to address local and global challenges, particularly when teaching about complex and sensitive issues such as disasters. This study explores how the integration of science and history can facilitate learning about disasters through a cross-curricular teacher professional development project in England. Seven teachers (four history, three science) from state-funded secondary schools and two museum educators in Southampton, UK collaborated with university researchers over eight months to develop a curriculum unit on the Titanic disaster for Key Stage 3 pupils (aged 11–14). Through a qualitative analysis of teacher feedback, workshop recordings and artefacts, and interviews, we illustrate the teachers’ initial excitement at the prospect of cross-curricular integration and how this excitement was then tempered by practical and logistical challenges that prevented their integration ideas from materialising into the curriculum unit. Nevertheless, teachers found that the CPD helped them to see and attend to the connections across the curriculum. Teachers rediscovered Titanic as a tragic event with historical significance for local students, which needs to be taught with reverence and ethical sensitivity. Using the Titanic disaster as an example, the study points to the potential for cross-curricular integration and teacher collaboration in teaching about disasters holistically in secondary schools.
Topgrafting as a tool in operational Scots pine breeding
Authors: Heuchel Alisa , Hall David , Almqvist Curt , Wennström Ulfstand , Persson Torgny 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEffective breeding requires multiplying desired genotypes, keeping them at a convenient location to perform crosses more efficiently, and building orchards to generate material for reforestation. While some of these aims can be achieved by conventional grafting involving only rootstock and scion, topgrafting is known to deliver all in a shorter time span. In this study, Scots pine scions were grafted onto the upper and lower tree crowns in two clonal archives with the aim of inducing early female and male strobili production, respectively. Their survival rates and strobili production were analyzed with generalized linear mixed models. Survival was low (14%) to moderate (41%), and mainly affected by the topgraft genotype, interstock genotype, crown position and weather conditions in connection with the grafting procedure. Survival was not affected by the cardinal position in the crown (south or north). Male flowering was ample three years after grafting and reached 56% in the first year among live scions, increasing to 62 and 59% in consecutive years. Female flowering was scarce and was 9% at first, later increasing to 26 and 20% of living scions but was strongly affected by the topgraft genotype. In one subset of scions, female flowering was observed 1 year after grafting. Overall, flowering success was mainly affected by the topgraft and interstock genotypes, and secondary growth of scions. This is one of few reports on topgrafting in functional Scots pine clonal archives.
Injury incidence in golf—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari , Ponkilainen Ville T. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
There is a lack of comprehensive analysis of injuries in golf per exposure time. Thus, the aim was to report the pooled incidence of injuries in golf.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases in March 2024 for this systematic review and meta-analysis. We included observational studies reporting the number of injuries per exposure time. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled injury incidence per 1000 athlete exposures (18 holes of golf) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Incidences were separately analyzed for men, women, amateurs, professionals, and special athletes.

Results
A total of 999 studies were screened, 29 full texts were assessed, and 7 studies with 269,754 athlete exposures were included. Seven studies assessed the overall incidence of injury, and the pooled estimate was 2.5 per 1000 athlete exposures (CI 0.9–7.5). The incidence was higher in special athletes (21.0, CI 7.7–45.1; one study) than among professionals (8.5, CI 7.6–9.4; one study), or in amateurs (1.3, CI 0.5–4.0; five studies). The injury incidence was 2.6 per 1000 athlete exposures (CI 0.7–9.6; four studies) in women and 1.4 per 1000 athlete exposures (CI 0.4–5.2; three studies) in men. A sensitivity analysis without special athletes had an incidence of 1.9 (CI 0.7–4.9; six studies).

Conclusion
The injury incidence in golf is 2.5 injuries per 1000 athlete exposures (18 holes of golf). Reporting was limited as only one study reported injuries per exposure time in professionals, and in total, only seven studies were found. More research is needed in all levels and age groups to better estimate the injury incidence and associated risk factors in golf.
New insights into chronic inducible urticaria
Authors: Muñoz Melba , Kiefer Lea Alice , Pereira Manuel P. , Bizjak Mojca , Maurer Marcus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) is a group of long-persisting and challenging to manage diseases, characterized by recurrent wheals and angioedema induced by definite triggers. In this review, we address recent findings on CIndU pathogenesis, diagnosis as well as its treatment, and we discuss novel potential targets that may lead to the development of more effective therapies for CIndU patients.

Recent Advances
Meaningful advances in the understanding of its pathogenesis have been reported in the last decades. Novel CIndU-specific patient-reported outcome measures enable a closer and better evaluation of patients.

Summary
CIndU is a hard-to-treat disease that highly impairs quality of life (QoL) of affected patients. Provocation tests allow to diagnose CIndU subtypes. The only licensed and recommended treatment for CIndU are second generation non-sedating H1-antihistamines, which lack efficacy in many cases. Omalizumab off-label use has been assessed in all types of CIndU with overall good outcomes. Promising emerging therapies currently assessed in chronic spontaneous urticaria are paving the path for novel treatments for CIndU
Insights into insulin analog cross-reactivity: a comparative study of Siemens Atellica and LC-MS/MS
Authors: Li Jieli , Hatten-Beck Maya , Lee Jason K. Y. , Hoofnagle Andrew N. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
To address the challenges posed by inconsistent detection of analog insulin in commercially available insulin immunoassays, resulting in potential discrepancies in clinical findings and misdiagnosis during the investigation of factitious hypoglycemia., we aimed to evaluate the ability of the Siemens Atellica automated immunoassay to detect insulin analogs compared with LC-MS/MS.

Methods
Five insulin analogs were analyzed at 10 ng/mL spiked into serum samples, with recombinant human insulin as positive controls. Insulin and C-peptide assays were performed using Siemens Atellica and LC-MS/MS. Recovery rates were calculated.

Results
Siemens Atellica immunoassay demonstrated robust cross-reactivity (92–121%) of insulin analogs. In contrast, glargine was detected by LC-MS/MS but other analogs were not observed (<10% recovery).

Conclusion
Our results indicate that the insulin assay conducted on the Siemens Atellica platform could be used to diagnose factitious hypoglycemia by detecting the specific insulin analogs involved. The findings from our studies indicate the suitability of this method for clinical laboratory use in cases where factitious hypoglycemia is under consideration as a potential diagnosis. Clinicians should take these results into account when interpreting insulin measurements, particularly in instances where insulin analog overdose is suspected.
Chaos Control and Synchronization of a New Fractional Laser Chaotic System
Authors: Eshaghi Shiva , Kadkhoda Nematollah , Inc Mustafa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this article, we introduce a new fractional laser chaotic system derived from the Lorenz–Haken equations. We investigate the complex dynamics of the proposed system consisting chaos, stability, control and synchronization of chaos. Moreover, we numerically reveal the nonlinear dynamics of the fractional laser chaotic system through the phase portraits, time histories and bifurcation diagrams. Also, we indicate the chaotic behaviors of the system by means of Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagrams versus all parameters along the state variables, phase portraits and time histories with different trajectories and initial conditions. The necessary conditions to eliminate the chaotic vibration of the system are obtained via the feedback control procedure. Meanwhile, a synchronization mechanism based on the feedback control technique is achieved for coupled fractional laser chaotic systems. Furthermore, we show that the fractional derivative order is very effective on reducing the irregular and chaotic behaviors of the system.