bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Headspace Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Method for Determination of Class-I Residual Solvents in Several Drug Substances: Method Evaluation by Quality by Design Statistical Tool
Authors: Sayyad Kousrali , Kowtharapu Leela Prasad , Mondal Tanmoy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Class-I residual solvents such as 1,1-dichloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, 1,2-dichloroethane are toxic, environmental hazards, and carcinogenic to humans. A headspace-gas chromatography–mass spectrometer is a sophisticated instrument for the quantification of residual solvents at lower limits.

Objective
An exact, sensitive, reliable, and fast method was developed to determine 1,1-dichloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and 1,2-dichloroethane present in different drug substances using a headspace-gas chromatography–mass spectrometer.

Methods
Helium is used as a carrier gas. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used as a diluent, and the stationary phase is a DB-624 (60 m × 0.25 mm × 1.4 μm film thickness) column with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min.

Results
The concentration LODs for 1,1-dichloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and 1,2-dichloroethane were 0.24, 5, 0.12, 0.06, and 0.15 ppm. The concentrations LOQs for the aforementioned impurities were 0.8, 15, 0.4, 0.2, and 0.5 ppm. The linearity was assessed over the range from LOQ to 120% of the specification level.

Conclusion
The current method's system suitability, precision, linearity, and accuracy parameters were assessed in accordance with the United states pharmacopeia (USP) &lt; 1225&gt; and International Conference on Harmonization of technical standards for the registration of medicines for human use (ICH) Q2(R2), and the results were within the acceptance criteria.

Highlights
No research studies have been reported on determining class-I residual solvents in lincomycin hydrochloride, dapagliflozin, vonoprazan fumarate, and telmisartan drug substances. The proposed research aims to develop a common method for the quantification of class-I residual solvents for drug substances. The quality by design (QbD) concept is utilized in performance verification.
Evaluating foliar insecticides and economic thresholds for Tychius picirostris (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) management in Oregon white clover seed production
Authors: Tiwari Grace , Kaur Navneet , Anderson Nicole P , Tanner K Christy , Lightle Danielle M , Willette Alison R , Donovan Brian C , Dorman Seth J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The clover seed weevil, Tychius picirostris Fabricius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a major pest in Oregon white clover seed crops. Reliance on synthetic pyrethroid insecticides and limited availability of diverse modes of action (MoAs) has increased insecticide resistance selection in regional T. picirostris populations, emphasizing the need to evaluate novel chemistries and rotational strategies for effective insecticide resistance management (IRM). The efficacy of 8 foliar insecticide formulations for managing T. picirostris adult and larval life stages was determined in small and large-plot field trials across 2 crop years. In both years, bifenthrin (Brigade 2EC), the grower’s standard, showed negligible adult and larval suppression. Insecticide formulations with isocycloseram and cyantraniliprole active ingredients reduced adult and larval populations when applied at BBCH 59–60 (prebloom) and BBCH 65–66 (full bloom) growth stages, respectively. While differences in T. picirostris abundance were observed among insecticide treatments, seed yield differences were not detected in large-plot trials. Larval abundance was correlated with reduced seed yield, and an economic threshold of ≥3 larvae per 30 inflorescences was determined as a conservative larval threshold to justify foliar applications of diamide insecticides. Additional commercial white clover seed fields were surveyed to compare larval scouting techniques, including a standard Berlese funnel and a grower’s do-it-yourself funnel. Both larval extraction techniques were correlated and provided similar estimates of larval abundance. These findings demonstrate new MoAs, optimal insecticide application timing, and larval monitoring methods that can be incorporated into an effective T. picirostris IRM program in white clover seed crops.
F-actin and heparan sulfate proteoglycan distribution in female mosquito salivary glands and ducts
Authors: Bowers Doria Fassbinder , Ciano Kristin Ann 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Directly involved in the “suck-and-spit” physiology, female mosquito salivary glands (SGs) primarily imbibe blood for egg development and release anticoagulants to keep blood flowing. Indirectly involved, mosquitoes can uptake arboviruses during blood feeding from a viremic host. This research examined the presence of the filamentous cytoplasmic contractile protein (F-actin) and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), in the female mosquito SGs. Immunofluorescent antibody labeling of actin molecules or HSPG combined with anatomy suggests that F-actin forms a network in the SG lobe parenchymal cells attached to intralobar ducts by HSPG. In addition, F-actin twists around intralobar SG ducts in a beaded manner, altogether involved in the expulsion of SG secretions. This arrangement in female Aedes aegypti SGs, suggests that F-actin structures are integrally involved in transmitting infectious agents into hosts.
Prevalence of cancer survivors in the United States
Authors: Tonorezos Emily , Devasia Theresa , Mariotto Angela B , Mollica Michelle A , Gallicchio Lisa , Green Paige , Doose Michelle , Brick Rachelle , Streck Brennan , Reed Crystal , de Moor Janet S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
With aging of the population and improvements in diagnosis, treatment, and supportive care, the number of cancer survivors in the United States has increased; updated prevalence estimates are needed.

Methods
Cancer prevalence on January 1, 2022, was estimated using the Prevalence Incidence Approach Model, utilizing incidence, survival, and mortality. Prevalence by age decade, sex, and time from diagnosis was calculated. The percentage of cancer survivors in the projected US population by age and sex was calculated as the ratio of the sex-specific projected prevalence to the sex-specific projected US population.

Results
There were an estimated 18.1 million US cancer survivors as of January 1, 2022. From 2022 to 2030, the number of US cancer survivors is projected to increase to 21.6 million; by 2040, the number is projected to be 26 million. Long-term survivors are highly prevalent; in 2022, 70% of cancer survivors had lived 5 years or more after diagnosis, and 11% of cancer survivors had lived 25 years or more after diagnosis. Among all US females aged 40-54 years, 3.6% were cancer survivors; among females aged 65-74 years, 14.5% were cancer survivors; among females aged 85 years and older, 36.4% were cancer survivors. Among all US males aged 40-54 years, 2.1% were cancer survivors; among males aged 65-74 years, 16% were cancer survivors; and among those aged 85 years and older, 48.3% were cancer survivors.

Conclusions
Cancer survivors are growing in number. In the United States, most cancer survivors are long-term and very long-term survivors, representing a substantial proportion of the US population.
Intracellular calcium dysregulation in heart and brain diseases: Insights from induced pluripotent stem cell studies
Authors: Zhang Huayang , Ren Xueming , Wu Chunyu , He Xinsen , Huang Zhengxuan , Li Yangpeng , Liao Lei , Xiang Jie , Li Miaoling , Wu Lin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) plays a role in regulating heart rate and myocardial contractility through sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and the heart can impact the functional equilibrium of the CNS through feedback signals. Although heart and brain diseases often coexist and mutually influence each other, the potential links between heart and brain diseases remain unclear due to a lack of reliable models of these relationships. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can differentiate into multiple functional cell types, stem cell biology and regenerative medicine may offer tools to clarify the mechanisms of these relationships and facilitate screening of effective therapeutic agents. Because calcium ions play essential roles in regulating both the cardiovascular and nervous systems, this review addresses how recent iPSC disease models reveal how dysregulation of intracellular calcium might be a common pathological factor underlying the relationships between heart and brain diseases.
Shengqing Jiangzhuo capsule ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by improving Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Yu Yanna , Li Min , Lai Weijie , Dong Xin , Zhang Shu , Zhang Liangyou , Chen Gangyi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major contributor to end-stage renal failure, and lacking effective treatment options. Shengqing Jiangzhuo capsule (SQJZJN), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription with known efficacy in chronic kidney disease, has not been thoroughly investigated for its potential in DN protection.

Methods
Eight-week-old male C57BLKS/J db/db, C57BLKS/J db/m mice, and human glomerular mesangial cell (HMC) cells cultured with high glucose were used as experimental models in this study.

Results
The in vivo investigation showed that SQJZJN can significantly ameliorate renal pathological damage, reduce serum creatinine, and lower urinary microalbumin levels in db/db mice. In vitro, SQJZJN treatment mitigated advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to a reduction in renal cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, SQJZJN activated the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway by promoting nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase heavy subunit (γ-GCS), and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expressions, while decreasing Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) expressions.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that SQJZJN exerts a protective effect on DN, potentially through the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway.
Neutrophil phagocytic activity in SCA subjects
Authors: Onwuka-Kalu Chima Okpo , Akpotuzor Josephine O 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Subjects with SCA are highly susceptible to life-threatening infections. The exact mechanism of immunodeficiency in this condition remains uncertain as different researchers have varying findings in their respective immunological studies. This study is aimed to comparatively determine the phagocytic competence of neutrophils of sickle cell subjects and immunological response in blood transfusion.

Methods
This study was carried out on 100 subjects in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria, comprising 41 SCA subjects and 59 subjects that were used as controls after confirming their Hb electrophoresis as “AA” in the laboratory. These subjects were within the ages of 2-25 years. The blood samples were analyzed for neutrophils, and some blood count parameters using standard methods and P &lt; .05 were used to determine the level of confidence.

Results
Neutrophil function activity of SCA subjects was observed to be reduced significantly (P &lt; .05) compared with the control subjects. The total white cell, packed cell volume, and relative differential counts were elevated significantly (P &lt; .05) when compared with the control subjects except for lymphocytes, which was significantly reduced in SCA patients. Neutrophil function activity was significantly lower in the symptomatic subjects. Those transfused with blood revealed significantly higher total white cell and eosinophil counts, whereas their lymphocyte and monocyte counts significantly reduced.

Conclusion
This work has shown that SCA subjects have impaired neutrophil function activity as well as depressed immune cells as reflected in the blood count.
Surgical management of anomalous aortic right coronary artery discovered during acute type A aortic dissection: a case report
Authors: Hooda Zamaan , Rifai Yasmine , LeBow Elissa , Bustamante John Paul , Cerda Luis , Zaku Bledi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Anomalous aortic origin of the right coronary artery (RCA) is a rare anatomic anomaly that is present in ~1% of the general population, and is often discovered incidentally through imaging performed for another purpose. Despite being an uncommon phenomenon, aberrant right coronary arterial origins can have devastating manifestations in half of affected patients. These include myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, heart failure, syncope, and sudden cardiac death secondary to ischemia of the cardiac tissue. This report describes a case of a 48-year-old female patient that was initially found to have ST-elevation myocardial infarction. During cardiac catheterization, the patient was discovered to have a type A aortic dissection. Cardiothoracic surgery was consulted, and she was immediately transferred to the operating room for repair. During the procedure, an anomalous RCA was discovered with its origin in the dissected tissue, which was initially ligated and then bypassed using greater saphenous vein graft.
The ‘wilds of Brompton’: Mapping Nineteenth-Century Women Writers’ Early Careers in the Sociable London Suburbs
Authors: Bourrier Karen , Jacobson Dan , Brosz John 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we geocode the residences of nineteenth-century Brompton residents to the level of the building in order to argue that literary sociability and propinquity – leading to face-to-face interaction with writers, editors, artists, actors, and publishers – may have played a more important role in the formation of women’s literary careers than scholars have yet recognized. Taking the popular novelist and poet Dinah Craik as our case study, we argue that the walkability as well as the informal and inexpensive literary sociability of the area made Brompton a fertile ground for the early careers of nineteenth-century women writers. Following Alan Liu’s work in Critical Infrastructure studies, we attempt through mapping to reanimate connections that have been lost to time, establishing the importance of Brompton as a literary, artistic, and intellectual neighbourhood in the nineteenth century, and of propinquity in supporting the careers of women writers. Expanding on Sarah Bilston’s recent work on the suburbs as fertile grounds for the careers of Victorian women writers, we add a spatial dimension to Robert Darnton’s well-known print network, placing the private home, a site of literary sociability, as a central node in public print networks.
TP53 mutations in myeloid neoplasms: implications for accurate laboratory detection, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Zhang Linsheng , Abro Brooj , Campbell Andrew , Ding Yi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Genetic alterations that affect the function of p53 tumor suppressor have been extensively investigated in myeloid neoplasms, revealing their significant impact on disease progression, treatment response, and patient outcomes. The identification and characterization of TP53 mutations play pivotal roles in subclassifying myeloid neoplasms and guiding treatment decisions. Starting with the presentation of a typical case, this review highlights the complicated nature of genetic alterations involving TP53 and provides a comprehensive analysis of TP53 mutations and other alterations in myeloid neoplasms. Currently available methods used in clinical laboratories to identify TP53 mutations are discussed, focusing on the importance of establishing a robust testing protocol within clinical laboratories to ensure the delivery of accurate and reliable results. The treatment implications of TP53 mutations in myeloid neoplasms and clinical trial options are reviewed. Ultimately, we hope that this review provides valuable insights into the patterns of TP53 alterations in myeloid neoplasms and offers guidance to establish practical laboratory testing protocols to support the best practices of precision oncology.
The safety and efficacy of transfusing red blood cells stored for different durations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Cheng Fu , Yang Dongmei , Chen Jie , Qin Li , Tan Bin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this work was to resolve the uncertainty of whether transfusion of fresher red blood cells (RBCs) is better or not with regard to the safety and efficacy.

Methods
This systematic review was performed in accordance with our protocol registered on PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022379183).

Results
After a literature search, 13,247 records were identified, and 26 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 53,859 participants were eligible and included in this review. The results in our review suggested that there was no significant effect of fresher vs older RBCs on mortality (relative risk [RR] = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.99-1.09; P = .39; I2 = 0%), transfusion reactions (RR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.57-1.33; P = .64; I2 = 0%). However, the transfusion of fresher RBCs might increase the risk of nosocomial infection (RR = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.20; P = .02; I2 = 0%), whereas there was no significant difference in the fresh vs old subgroup (RR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.68 to 1.12; P = .28; I2 = 0%).

Conclusion
Our study updated and reinforced the evidence of previously published systematic reviews that support the safety and efficiency of current practice of issuing the oldest available RBCs in the blood bank inventory.
Optically quiet, but FUV loud: results from comparing the far-ultraviolet predictions of flare models with TESS and HST
Authors: Jackman James A G , Shkolnik Evgenya L , Loyd R O Parke , Richey-Yowell Tyler 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The far-ultraviolet (FUV) flare activity of low-mass stars has become a focus in our understanding of the exoplanet atmospheres and how they evolve. However, direct detection of FUV flares and measurements of their energies and rates are limited by the need for space-based observations. The difficulty of obtaining such observations may push some works to use widely available optical data to calibrate multiwavelength spectral models that describe UV and optical flare emission. These models either use single temperature blackbody curves to describe this emission, or combine a blackbody curve with archival spectra. These calibrated models would then be used to predict the FUV flare rates of low-mass stars of interest. To aid these works, we used TESS optical photometry and archival HST FUV spectroscopy to test the FUV predictions of literature flare models. We tested models for partially (M0–M2) and fully convective (M4–M5) stars, 40 Myr and field age stars, and optically quiet stars. We calculated FUV energy correction factors that can be used to bring the FUV predictions of tested models in line with observations. A flare model combining optical and NUV blackbody emission with FUV emission based on HST observations provided the best estimate of FUV flare activity, where others underestimated the emission at all ages, masses, and activity levels, by up to a factor of 104 for combined FUV continuum and line emission and greater for individual emission lines. We also confirmed previous findings that showed optically quiet low-mass stars exhibit regular FUV flares.
When are galactic winds molecular?
Authors: Vijayan Aditi , Krumholz Mark R 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The molecular phase of supernova-driven outflows originates from the cold, molecular gas in the disc of a star-forming galaxy, and may carry a substantial fraction of the wind mass flux in some galaxies, but it remains poorly understood. Observations of this phase come mostly from very nearby galaxies due its low-surface brightness and covering fraction, and simulations often lack the spatial resolution necessary to resolve it. Here, we analytically estimate the survivability of this phase in order to understand under what conditions a galactic wind can contain a significant molecular phase. We show that the molecular content of outflows is primarily determined by two dimensionless numbers: a generalized Eddington ratio describing the strength of the outflow and the dissociation parameter, an ionization parameter-like quantity describing the strength of the radiation field per baryon. We apply this model to a sample of galaxies and show that, while any molecules entrained in the winds of normal star-forming galaxies should be destroyed close to the galactic disc, the outflows of strong starburst should become increasingly dominated by molecules.
Fate of supernova progenitors in massive binary systems
Authors: Kinugawa Tomoya , Horiuchi Shunsaku , Takiwaki Tomoya , Kotake Kei 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
How massive stars end their lives depends on the core mass, core angular momentum, and hydrogen envelopes at death. However, these key physical facets of stellar evolution can be severely affected by binary interactions. In turn, the effectiveness of binary interactions itself varies greatly depending on the initial conditions of the binaries, making the situation much more complex. We investigate systematically how binary interactions influence core–collapse progenitors and their fates. Binary evolution simulations are performed to survey the parameter space of supernova progenitors in solar metallicity binary systems and to delineate major evolutionary paths. We first study fixed binary mass ratios ($q=M_2/M_1$ = 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9) to elucidate the impacts of initial mass and initial separation on the outcomes, treating separately Type Ibc supernova, Type II supernova, accretion-induced collapse (AIC), rapidly rotating supernova (Ibc-R), black hole formation, and long gamma ray burst (long GRB). We then conduct 12 binary population synthesis model calculations, varying the initial condition distributions and binary evolution parameters, to estimate various supernova fractions. We obtain a Milky Way supernova rate $R_{\rm SN} = (1.78$–$2.47) \times 10^{-2} \, {\rm yr}^{-1}$ which is consistent with observations. We find the rates of AIC, Ibc-R, and long GRB to be $\sim 1/100$ the rate of regular supernovae. Our estimated long GRB rates are higher than the observed long GRB rate and close to the low luminosity GRB rate, although care must be taken considering our models are computed with solar metallicity. Furthering binary modelling and improving the inputs one by one will enable more detailed studies of these and other transients associated with massive stars.