bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interstudy variability in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measurements of ventricular volume, mass, and ejection fraction in repaired tetralogy of fallot: A prospective observational study
Authors: Blalock Shannon E. , Banka Puja , Geva Tal , Powell Andrew J. , Zhou Jing , Prakash Ashwin 
Published: February 2013

PurposeTo assess the interstudy variability of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) parameters of ventricular size and function in repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).Materials and MethodsPatients with TOF (n = 30, median age 23.5 years, 43% male) were enrolled prospectively. Each patient underwent two consecutive CMR examinations on the same day. Each examination was analyzed for ventricular size and function by two observers and multiple comparisons were made with assessment of agreement using Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).ResultsAgreement for most measures of ventricular size and function was high when a single observer analyzed both studies. Agreement was worse when different observers analyzed sequential studies. This effect was most prominent on measurements of right ventricular (RV) mass and there was slight improvement when mass was measured during systole. Aside from ventricular mass, agreement was similar for RV and left ventricular (LV) parameters.ConclusionCMR measures of ventricular size and function have acceptable repeatability across serial examinations in patients with repaired TOF. Measurements of RV mass are subject to higher variability. For most parameters, agreement limits are wider when measurements are performed by multiple operators. These results will aid in the interpretation of study‐to‐study variations in the follow‐up of individual patients and in designing future clinical trials. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:829–835. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wall shear stress estimated with phase contrast MRI in an in vitro and in vivo intracranial aneurysm
Authors: van Ooij Pim , Potters Wouter V. , Guédon Annetje , Schneiders Joppe J. , Marquering Henk A. , Majoie Charles B. , vanBavel Ed , Nederveen Aart J. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeTo evaluate wall shear stress (WSS) estimations in an in vitro and in vivo intracranial aneurysm, WSS was estimated from phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC‐MRI) and compared with computational fluid dynamics (CFD).Materials and MethodsFirst, WSS was estimated using a high‐resolution in vitro PC‐MRI measurement under steady and pulsatile flow conditions and compared with CFD simulations. Second, WSS was estimated in steady PC‐MRI data acquired at different spatial resolutions. Third, WSS estimations in pulsatile in vivo data were compared with CFD. The direction and magnitude of WSS vectors were computed and compared.ResultsQuantitative agreement between PC‐MRI and CFD‐based WSS estimations was moderate for the phantom (Spearman ρ = 0.69). The WSS magnitude derived from PC‐MRI data was lower than CFD for both the in vitro and in vivo case. However, there was qualitative agreement between PC‐MRI and CFD, i.e. WSS vector direction was similar for both modalities. Circular WSS patterns were found both in vitro and in vivo for PC‐MRI and CFD. Increasing PC‐MRI resolution increased mean WSS magnitude and uncovered complex WSS patterns.ConclusionWSS patterns can be estimated based on PC‐MRI data in in vitro and in vivo aneurysm geometries. Similar WSS directions as CFD can be discerned. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:876–884. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Free breathing three‐dimensional gradient echo‐sequence with radial data sampling (radial 3D‐GRE) examination of the pancreas: Comparison with standard 3D‐GRE volumetric interpolated breathhold examination (VIBE)
Authors: Bamrungchart Saraporn , Tantaway Engy M. , Midia Esin C. , Hernandes Mateus A. , Srirattanapong Saowanee , Dale Brian M. , Semelka Richard C. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of free breathing three‐dimensional gradient echo‐sequence with radial data sampling (radial 3D‐GRE) in MR imaging of the normal and diseased pancreas, using standard 3D‐GRE for comparison in cooperative patients, and to perform a preliminary assessment in noncooperative patients.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and eight consecutive patients underwent 1.5 Tesla MR imaging of the abdomen that included pre‐ and postcontrast free breathing radial 3D‐GRE. The sequences were evaluated by two radiologists retrospectively, independently, and blindly. The results were compared using Wilcoxon‐Mann‐Whitney test. Kappa statistics were used to measure the extent of agreement between the reviewers.ResultsThe average scores indicated that the overall images quality of radial 3D‐GRE was lower than 3D‐GRE‐VIBE in both pre‐ and postcontrast study (P = 0.0172 and 0.0001), however it achieved a rating that approximated good. In all patients, radial 3D‐GRE had a mild extent of streak artifact, pulsation, susceptibility, and respiratory artifact. Radial 3D‐GRE approximated good results for pancreatic edge sharpness and pancreatic ductal clarity, and did not differ significantly between cooperative and noncooperative patients. Respiratory artifact was worse in cooperative than in noncooperative patients (P = 0.02). Demonstration of pancreatic disease was slightly inferior with radial 3D‐VIBE, but quality approximated good.ConclusionFree breathing radial 3D‐GRE may be applicable for pancreatic MR imaging in patients who are unable to suspend respiration. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1572–1577. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of azimuthal anchoring energy for liquid crystal device equipped with color filter by means of renormalized transmission ellipsometry
Authors: Goda Kazuya , Kimura Munehiro , Akahane Tadashi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this study, we theoretically investigated the influence of a color filter on the determination of the azimuthal anchoring energy by means of ellipsometric analysis, and the azimuthal anchoring energy of the twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal devices (LCDs) equipped with/without a color filter was evaluated by means of renormalized transmission ellipsometry. The results indicated no influence in the obtained ellipsometric parameters, such as the phase difference and the angle of amplitude ratio, when a color filter was an isotropic medium. It was experimentally confirmed that the evaluated azimuthal anchoring energy of LCD with a color filter was almost the same as that without a color filter. From the numerical and experimental study, the possibility for the determination of the azimuthal anchoring energy for the commercial TN LCD products was demonstrated.
The syndrome of deafness‐dystonia: Clinical and genetic heterogeneity
Authors: Kojovic Maja , Pareés Isabel , Lampreia Tania , Pienczk‐Reclawowicz Karolina , Xiromerisiou Georgia , Rubio‐Agusti Ignacio , Kramberger Milica , Carecchio Miryam , Alazami Anas M. , Brancati Francesco , Slawek Jaroslaw , Pirtosek Zvezdan , Valente Enza Maria , Alkuraya Fowzan S. , Edwards Mark J. , Bhatia Kailash P. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe syndrome of deafness‐dystonia is rare and refers to the association of hearing impairment and dystonia when these are dominant features of a disease. Known genetic causes include Mohr‐Tranebjaerg syndrome, Woodhouse‐Sakati syndrome, and mitochondrial disorders, but the cause frequently remains unidentified. The aim of the current study was to better characterize etiological and clinical aspects of deafness‐dystonia syndrome. We evaluated 20 patients with deafness‐dystonia syndrome who were seen during the period between 1994 and 2011. The cause was identified in only 7 patients and included methylmalonic aciduria, meningoencephalitis, perinatal hypoxic‐ischemic injury, large genomic deletion on chromosome 7q21, translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8 homolog A (TIMM8A) mutation (Mohr‐Tranebjaerg syndrome), and chromosome 2 open reading frame 37 (C2orf37) mutation (Woodhouse‐Sakati syndrome). The age of onset and clinical characteristics in these patients varied, depending on the etiology. In 13 patients, the cause remained unexplained despite extensive work‐up. In the group of patients who had unknown etiology, a family history for deafness and/or dystonia was present the majority of patients, suggesting a strong genetic component. Sensory‐neural deafness always preceded dystonia. Two clinical patterns of deafness‐dystonia syndrome were observed: patients who had an onset in childhood had generalized dystonia (10 of 13 patients) with frequent bulbar involvement, whereas patients who had a dystonia onset in adulthood had segmental dystonia (3 of 13 patients) with the invariable presence of laryngeal dystonia. Deafness‐dystonia syndrome is etiologically and clinically heterogeneous, and most patients have an unknown cause. The different age at onset and variable family history suggest a heterogeneous genetic background, possibly including currently unidentified genetic conditions. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society
A weighted dual porous medium equation applied to image restoration
Authors: Li Jing , Yin Jingxue , Sun Jiebao , Guo Zhichang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss a weighted dual porous medium equation which could be applied to image restoration. After theoretical analysis based on nonlinear semigroup theory, we give experiments to show the efficiency of this novel model. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Myocardial blood flow at rest and stress measured with dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI: Comparison of a distributed parameter model with a fermi function model
Authors: Broadbent David A. , Biglands John D. , Larghat Abdulghani , Sourbron Steven P. , Radjenovic Aleksandra , Greenwood John P. , Plein Sven , Buckley David L. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeTo assess the feasibility of simultaneously measuring blood flow (Fb), Gd‐DTPA extraction fraction (E), and distribution volume (vd) in healthy myocardium at rest and under adenosine stress using dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI.MethodsSixteen volunteers were examined at 1.5 T and 11 returned for a repeat study. The data were analyzed using a distributed parameter (DP) 2‐region model to arrive at estimates of Fb, E, blood volume, and interstitial volume. For comparison, estimates of Fb were also obtained using a Fermi function model.ResultsDP model fits were successful in 49 of the 54 data sets. Estimates obtained using DP and Fermi models did not differ for either rest Fb or myocardial perfusion reserve though DP estimates of stress Fb were lower than Fermi estimates. The repeatability of the DP parameters Fb, E, and vd was better than or equal to the repeatability of Fermi‐Fb. E at rest and under stress was estimated to be 66% and 57%, respectively.ConclusionThe results suggest that characteristics of the microvasculature of healthy myocardium can be reliably determined using dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI at rest and under stress and that delivery of Gd‐DTPA to the myocardium is not flow‐limited. Magn Reson Med 70:1591–1597, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Homotelechelic bis‐terpyridine macroligand: One‐step synthesis and its metallo‐supramolecular self‐assembly
Authors: Mansfeld Ulrich , Winter Andreas , Hager Martin D. , Günther Wolfgang , Altuntaş Esra , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA homotelechelic macroligand bearing two 2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridin‐4′‐yl units, as chain ends, is used as building block for the preparation of a linear metallo‐supramolecular chain‐extended polymer. The macroligand has been prepared by nitroxide‐mediated polymerization (NMP) of styrene using a bis‐terpyridine‐functionalized NMP initiator. The controlled character of the NMP process has been confirmed by detailed characterization of the polymer by size‐exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. Subsequently, the self‐assembly with FeII ions into the chain‐extended metallopolymer and the disassembly thereof, in the presence of a strong competitive ligand, has been studied by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and diffusion‐ordered NMR spectroscopy. The reversibility of the formation of the metallo‐supramolecular material, when addressed by external stimuli, could be proven. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Tandem dynamic kinetic resolution and enzymatic polycondensation to synthesize mPEG‐functionalized poly(amine‐co‐ester)‐type chiral prodrugs
Authors: Qian Xueqi , Jiang Zhengyang , Lin Xianfu , Wu Qi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAmphiphilic poly(amine‐co‐ester)s, which contain a single effective enantiomer of an asymmetric drug and thus can avoid potentially serious side effects, are difficult to prepare through nonselective chemical routes not only in the process of introducing chiral drugs to the polymer, but also in the synthesis of the polymer's backbone by metal catalysts. A model of racemic mexiletine, an important antiarrhythmic agent, was used to demonstrate the tandem combination of Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL‐B)‐ and Pd/C‐catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) and subsequent CAL‐B‐catalyzed polycondensation, as an efficient protocol to prepare poly(ethylene glycol)‐functionalized poly(amine‐co‐ester)s containing (R)‐mexiletine with 99% ee value. Chemoenzymatic DKR and enzymatic polymerization conditions were optimized, and the optical purity of incorporated (R)‐mexiletine was confirmed through its hydrolysis from polyester. The copolymers can readily self‐assemble into nanometer‐scale‐sized micelles with well‐dispersed spheres, which have a size distribution that can be efficiently adjusted by changing the polymer concentration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Improved field emission properties of MgO‐nanoparticle‐doped carbon nanotube films and their application in miniature vacuum gauges
Authors: Su Juan , Guo Deng‐Zhu , Xing Ying‐Jie , Zhang Geng‐Min 
Published: February 2013

AbstractComposite films of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and MgO nanoparticles are fabricated on metal substrates as field emitters by a simple mechanical rubbing method. The field emission properties of the CNT films could be dramatically improved by mixing an optimum proportion (∼7 wt%) of MgO nanoparticles. It lowers the turn‐on field to 1.3 V µm−1 and the threshold field to 2 V µm−1, and also increases the field emission stability and uniformity. Such CNTs–MgO films are applied as cathode in ionization vacuum gauges. The gauges, with the advantages of small size and low power consumption, exhibit good measurement linearity in vacuum pressure range from 8 × 10−6 to 2 × 10−2 Pa, and a sensitivity of 0.2 Pa−1.
Testing the IONORT‐ISP system: A comparison between synthesized and measured oblique ionograms
Authors: Settimi A. , Pezzopane M. , Pietrella M. , Bianchi C. , Scotto C. , Zuccheretti E. , Makris J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe three‐dimensional (3‐D) electron density representation of the ionosphere computed by the assimilative IRI‐SIRMUP‐P (ISP) model was tested using IONORT (IONOspheric Ray‐Tracing), a software tool for calculating a 3‐D ray‐tracing for high‐frequency waves in the ionospheric medium. A radio link was established between Rome (41.8°N, 12.5°E) in Italy, and Chania (35.7°N, 24.0°E) in Greece, within the ISP validity area, and for which oblique soundings are conducted. The ionospheric reference stations, from which the autoscaled foF2 and M(3000)F2 data and real‐time vertical electron density profiles were assimilated by the ISP model, were Rome (41.8°N, 12.5°E) and Gibilmanna (37.9°N, 14.0°E) in Italy, and Athens (38.0°N, 23.5°E) in Greece. IONORT was used, in conjunction with the ISP and the International Reference Ionosphere 3‐D electron density grids, to synthesize oblique ionograms. The comparison between synthesized and measured oblique ionograms, both in terms of the ionogram shape and the maximum usable frequency characterizing the radio path, demonstrates both that the ISP model can more accurately represent real conditions in the ionosphere than the IRI, and that the ray‐tracing results computed by IONORT are reasonably reliable.
Apoptosis Induction of K562 Cells by Lymphocytes: An AFM Study
Authors: Jin Hua , Zhao Hongxia , Liu Li , Jiang Jinhuan , Wang Xiaoping , Ma Shuyuan , Cai Jiye 
Published: February 2013

SummaryAntitumor immunotherapies, as a prospective approach for local cancer treatment, are attracting increasing interests. To detect the reacting course of immune and tumor cells, we have observed the process of K562 cells (a human erythroleukemic cell line) coculturing with peripheral lymphocytes, and the morphological and ultrastructural alterations of K562 cells and lymphocytes were investigated as well using atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM morphological imaging revealed that after coculture the apoptosis‐like structures such as blebbing, pores, and apoptotic bodies were observed on the K562 cells. Also, the cell‐surface roughness decreased significantly, which implied the changes in chemical composition of cell membranes. Moreover, the lymphocytes were damaged to some extent induced by the coculture. The data demonstrated that K562 cells could be attacked and induced apoptosis by lymphocytes, and they would make damages to lymphocytes to escape the surveillance of immune system. SCANNING 35:7‐11, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Free global ID against collusion attack on multi‐authority attribute‐based encryption
Authors: Gao Ang , Li Zengzhi 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTIn order to resolve the problem that collusion attack on attribute‐based encryption (ABE) with multi‐authority, we firstly formulize user action of making request for key into legality and collusion by the relationship between user's attributes and decryption threshold. Furthermore, we propose an ABE scheme without presenting user's global ID (GID). In our first system, a trusted central authority assists each attribute authority (AA) to independently run a security check for users' requests, such that only legal users have power to decrypt a message. In order to prevent a malicious user from passing security check by submitting duplication request to AA, we improve the first system by our second system, where the same requests of different users are transformed into different ones associated with the subset of attributes indexes. Finally, in order to adapt this transformation to ABE, discrete Fourier transform and inverse discrete Fourier transform are used to share and recover secret key, respectively. As shown in the results of security and performance evaluation, our scheme not only improves user's privacy but also is more efficient than existing ABE schemes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outlier detection in reputation management system for P2P networks using rough set theory
Authors: Selvaraj Chithra , Anand Sheila 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTPeer‐to‐peer (P2P) networks are distributed, decentralized, dynamic networks that are self‐organized and self‐managed. P2P networks have emerged over the past several years as an effective and scalable medium for sharing distributed resources. However, determining the reliability and trustworthiness of the participating peers still remains a major security challenge. Reputation‐based trust management calculates peer trust as a measure of recommendations received from other peers. Malicious peers may give wrong reputation scores and also collude with other peers to make themselves or others appear trustworthy. In this paper, we propose the use of outlier detection technique to detect false testimony as outliers. We have applied rough set theory, an efficient and intelligent mathematical tool, to detect the outliers in the trust scores. We present the detailed methodology for implementing rough set theory for P2P network and detecting outlier scores in reputation metrics given by other peers and compared the model with the mechanism to detect outliers with the Eigen Trust model and eBay system. Trust computation without the outlier scores would be more accurate and enable proper verification and evaluation of peer trustworthiness. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TDPF: a traceback‐based distributed packet filter to mitigate spoofed DDoS attacks
Authors: Fallah Mehran S. , Kahani Nafiseh 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTDefense mechanisms against distributed denial‐of‐service (DDoS) attacks usually mitigate the attack by filtering out the excess traffic targeted at the victim. These defenses should be able to discriminate the attack from the legitimate traffic so that filtering can be selectively applied. The problem is exacerbated when spoofed addresses are used in attack packets. This paper proposes traceback‐based distributed packet filter (TDPF), a novel distributed packet filtering mechanism that employs IP traceback as a means for traffic discrimination. In this defense mechanism, packet filters are relocated to the routers nearer the attack sources whenever the traceback algorithm adds such nodes to the attack tree. The filtering probabilities at packet filters are also dynamically adjusted to the volume of traffic the victim receives from each filtering router. In this way, TDPF is able to achieve a high throughput of legitimate traffic while blocking malicious flows. The burden it imposes on a participating router is negligible as well. Moreover, unlike the earlier traceback‐based defenses, it can defend against intense DDoS attacks. Experimental results show that TDPF is effective in different attack scenarios. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crosslinked Carbon Dots as Ultra‐Bright Fluorescence Probes
Authors: Anilkumar Parambath , Cao Li , Yu Jing‐Jiang , Tackett Kenneth N. , Wang Ping , Meziani Mohammed J. , Sun Ya‐Ping 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCarbon dots (surface‐passivated small carbon nanoparticles) are crosslinked to result in fluorescence probes containing one or multiple dots. For the single‐dot probes, the crosslinking further stabilizes the dot structure, while for those packed with multiple dots, the individual probe imaging results demonstrate that the fluorescence properties are additive, with more dots for higher emission intensities in a proportional fashion, thus enabling the preparation of ultra‐bright fluorescence probes.
Rule‐based requirements management methodology
Authors: Kotejoshyer Badari , Singh Birendra , Tittibha Suhas 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a methodology to identify and prevent/control noncompliances and conflicts arisingout of requirement attribute values during requirements management. It is intended to provide a cost‐effective approach for managing noncompliances in projects that employ the requirements based engineering approach. The method involves continuous checking and monitoring of requirement attribute values using a rule‐based engine concept. This methodology can serve as an enhanced feature for any commercial requirement management application software available today (such as IBM DOORS© and Seimens TcSE©).The methodology offers the following advantages:

It enables standardization in the development and management of requirement modules.
It decreases development and maintenance cost for requirement modules by reducing the effort needed for audits, compliance checks, rework and others. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.