bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Search for an antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal in (MnTe)
m
(Sb2Te3)
n
and (MnTe)
m
(Bi2Te3)
n
superlattices
Authors: Boulton James A , Kim Ki Wook 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The interaction between topology and magnetism can lead to novel topological materials including Chern insulators, axion insulators, and Dirac and Weyl semimetals. In this work, a family of van der Waals layered materials using MnTe and Sb2Te3 or Bi2Te3 superlattices as building blocks are systematically examined in a search for antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetals, preferably with a simple node structure. The approach is based on controlling the strength of the exchange interaction as a function of layer composition to induce the phase transition between the topological and the normal insulators. Our calculations, utilizing a combination of first-principles density functional theory and tight-binding analyses based on maximally localized Wannier functions, clearly indicate a promising candidate for a type-I magnetic Weyl semimetal. This centrosymmetric material, Mn10Sb8Te22 (or (MnTe)
m
(Sb2Te3)
n
with m = 10 and n = 4), shows ferromagnetic intralayer and antiferromagnetic interlayer interactions in the antiferromagnetic ground state. The obtained electronic bandstructure also exhibits a single pair of Weyl points in the spin-split bands consistent with a Weyl semimetal. The presence of Weyl nodes is further verified with Berry curvature, Wannier charge center, and surface state (i.e. Fermi arc) calculations. Other combinations of the MnSbTe-family materials are found to be antiferromagnetic topological or normal insulators on either side of the Mn:Sb ratio, respectively, illustrating the topological phase transition as anticipated. A similar investigation in the homologous (MnTe)
m
(Bi2Te3)
n
system produces mostly nontrivial antiferromagnetic insulators due to the strong spin–orbit coupling. When realized, the antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetals in the simplest form (i.e. a single pair of Weyl nodes) are expected to provide a promising candidate for low-power spintronic applications.
Tailoring magnon modes by extending square, kagome, and trigonal spin ice lattices vertically via interlayer coupling of trilayer nanomagnets
Authors: de Rojas Julius , Atkinson Del , Adeyeye Adekunle O 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this work high-frequency magnetization dynamics and statics of artificial spin-ice lattices with different geometric nanostructure array configurations are studied where the individual nanostructures are composed of ferromagnetic/non-magnetic/ferromagnetic trilayers with different non-magnetic thicknesses. These thickness variations enable additional control over the magnetic interactions within the spin-ice lattice that directly impacts the resulting magnetization dynamics and the associated magnonic modes. Specifically the geometric arrangements studied are square, kagome and trigonal spin ice configurations, where the individual lithographically patterned nanomagnets (NMs) are trilayers, made up of two magnetic layers of

Ni

81

Fe

19

of 30 nm and 70 nm thickness respectively, separated by a non-magnetic copper layer of either 2 nm or 40 nm. We show that coupling via the magnetostatic interactions between the ferromagnetic layers of the NMs within square, kagome and trigonal spin-ice lattices offers fine-control over magnetization states and magnetic resonant modes. In particular, the kagome and trigonal lattices allow tuning of an additional mode and the spacing between multiple resonance modes, increasing functionality beyond square lattices. These results demonstrate the ability to move beyond quasi-2D single magnetic layer nanomagnetics via control of the vertical interlayer interactions in spin ice arrays. This additional control enables multi-mode magnonic programmability of the resonance spectra, which has potential for magnetic metamaterials for microwave or information processing applications.
Nanotechnology in tissue engineering: expanding possibilities with nanoparticles
Authors: Sardari Sohrab , Hheidari Ali , Ghodousi Maryam , Rahi Amid , Pishbin Esmail 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that merges engineering, material science, and medical biology in order to develop biological alternatives for repairing, replacing, maintaining, or boosting the functionality of tissues and organs. The ultimate goal of tissue engineering is to create biological alternatives for repairing, replacing, maintaining, or enhancing the functionality of tissues and organs. However, the current landscape of tissue engineering techniques presents several challenges, including a lack of suitable biomaterials, inadequate cell proliferation, limited methodologies for replicating desired physiological structures, and the unstable and insufficient production of growth factors, which are essential for facilitating cell communication and the appropriate cellular responses. Despite these challenges, there has been significant progress made in tissue engineering techniques in recent years. Nanoparticles hold a major role within the realm of nanotechnology due to their unique qualities that change with size. These particles, which provide potential solutions to the issues that are met in tissue engineering, have helped propel nanotechnology to its current state of prominence. Despite substantial breakthroughs in the utilization of nanoparticles over the past two decades, the full range of their potential in addressing the difficulties within tissue engineering remains largely untapped. This is due to the fact that these advancements have occurred in relatively isolated pockets. In the realm of tissue engineering, the purpose of this research is to conduct an in-depth investigation of the several ways in which various types of nanoparticles might be put to use. In addition to this, it sheds light on the challenges that need to be conquered in order to unlock the maximum potential of nanotechnology in this area.
Stopping power and range estimations in proton therapy based on prompt gamma timing: motion models and automated parameter optimization
Authors: Werner Julius , Pennazio Francesco , Schmid Niklas , Fiorina Elisa , Bersani Davide , Cerello Piergiorgio , Kasprzak Jona , Mosco Nicola , Ranjbar Sahar , Sacchi Roberto , Ferrero Veronica , Rafecas Magdalena 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective. Particle therapy treatments are currently limited by uncertainties of the delivered dose. Verification techniques like Prompt-Gamma-Timing-based Stopping Power Estimation (PGT-SPE) may allow for reduction of safety margins in treatment planning. Approach. From Prompt-Gamma-Timing measurements, we reconstruct the spatiotemporal distribution of prompt gamma emissions, which is linked to the average motion of the primary particles. The stopping power is determined by fitting a model of the average particle motion. Here, we compare a previously published implementation of the particle motion model with an alternative formulation and present two formulations to automatically select the hyperparameters of our procedure. The performance was assessed using Monte-Carlo simulations of proton beams (60 MeV–219 MeV) impinging on a homogeneous PMMA phantom. Main results. The range was successfully determined within a standard deviation of 3 mm for proton beam energies from 70 MeV to 219 MeV. Stopping power estimates showed errors below 5% for beam energies above 160 MeV. At lower energies, the estimation performance degraded to unsatisfactory levels due to the short range of the protons. The new motion model improved the estimation performance by up to 5% for beam energies from 100 MeV to 150 MeV with mean errors ranging from 6% to 18%. The automated hyperparameter optimization matched the average error of previously reported manual selections, while significantly reducing the outliers. Significance. The data-driven hyperparameter optimization allowed for a reproducible and fast evaluation of our method. The updated motion model and evaluation at new beam energies bring us closer to applying PGT-SPE in more complex scenarios. Direct comparison of stopping power estimates between treatment planning and measurements during irradiation would offer a more direct verification than other secondary-particle-based techniques.
Elastic cross section data for precursor molecules used in low-temperature plasmas: Sn(CH3)4 and Ga(CH3)3
Authors: Randi Pedro A S , Moreira Giseli M , Bettega Márcio H F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tetramethyltin [Sn(CH3)4] and trimethylgallium [Ga(CH3)3] are important source molecules of Sn and Ga atoms which are used in manufacturing techniques involving low-temperature plasmas. Accurate numerical modeling of plasma environments requires a comprehensive set of electron scattering cross sections by these precursor molecules. Here, we report the elastic integral, differential, and momentum transfer cross sections for electron collisions with Sn(CH3)4 and Ga(CH3)3 for energies ranging from 0 to 30 eV. Our calculations were carried out with the Schwinger multichannel method implemented with pseudopotentials and considered two levels of approximation in our calculations, namely static-exchange and static-exchange plus polarization. We identified three shape resonances for Sn(CH3)4 and one clear low-lying resonance for Ga(CH3)3. The low-energy behavior of the s-wave cross section and eigenphase was investigated and, for both molecules, we found evidence of a Ramsauer–Townsend (RT) minimum and a virtual state. Our results indicate that negative differential conductivity would occur in a gas composed of Sn(CH3)4. On the other hand, this effect would be suppressed in a gas of Ga(CH3)3 due to an overlap between the position of the RT minimum and the shape resonance in the momentum-transfer cross section.
Optimization of energy storage and electrocaloric performance in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 via A-Site La and Bi Co-doping
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Malhotra Keshav , Nishu  , Syal Rajat , Gupta Shailendra , Sharma Gyaneshwar , Singh Arun Kumar , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lead-based ferroelectrics are one of the most fascinating candidates in the field of state-of-the-art electronic technology. Their intriguing properties are further enriched via the realization of morphotropic phase boundaries. Moreover, the A-site chemical substitution provides insight into the emergence of various exotic phases. Here, we employ co-doping of La3+ and Bi3+ at the A-site of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) ferroelectric to broaden the practical perspective of relaxor systems. Here, we emphasize that the A-site co-doping approach introduces technologically appealing amendments in the well-established temperature composition phase diagram of the PZT system. La3+ and Bi3+ doping favors the evolution of a novel response to thermal and field fluctuations. The maximum values of

−

Δ

S

are found to be ∼0.157, 0.118 and 0.176 J (kg·K)−1 for

x
=
0.01
,

0.02

and

0.03

, respectively. We employ the electrocaloric characteristics and Arrott plot as probing tools. The observation of a negative electrocaloric effect and the systematic reversal of Arrott lines, followed by a poling effect on the dielectric constant, reveals the emergence of ergodic phase as a novel phase. This further reveals that the Bi doping approach leads to the emergence of exotic characteristics in the chemically modified PZT system. The maximum observed recoverable energy for the composition for x = 0.01 is 0.0479 J cm−3 at a temperature of 388 K.
An implicit tailored finite point method for the Burgers’ equation: leveraging the Cole-Hopf transformation
Authors: Shyaman V P , Sreelakshmi A , Awasthi Ashish 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Any expedition in designing numerical methods besides aiming at accuracy, also equally steers for simplicity and ease in implementation. This paper brings in one such algorithm the tailored finite point method (TFPM) in tandem with the Cole Hopf transformation. At the initiation, the non-linear Burgers’ equation is transformed into a linear heat equation to which TFPM is applied. The proffered TFPM functions on an explicit stencil on the left boundary of the domain and on an implicit stair stencil throughout the rest of the domain. On these stencils, the nodal solutions at the advanced temporal level are written as a linear combination of the solutions at the remaining nodes within the stencil. The scalars involved in the linear combination are identified by the application of fundamental solutions into the stencil resultantly infusing the essential nature of the local exact solutions into the approximations. The foundation of such a linear combination avoids the need for complex computations involving matrix multiplication and inversion. The numerical accuracy of the method is established through comparisons of TFPM solutions of classical examples with the exact solutions and solutions from other contemporary methodologies. The theoretical correctness of the method is established through analyses of consistency, stability, and convergence. Furthermore, the method exhibits the potential for extension to higher dimensions and other complex modalities.
Tuning the electronic properties of reduced bilayer graphene oxide: controllable flat bands and improved conductivity
Authors: Peymanirad F , Vishkayi S Izadi , Majidi R , Soleimani H Rahimpour 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Going beyond conventional doping techniques, this work explores the interesting phenomenon of flat bands in single and double layer graphene induced by functionalization with epoxy and hydroxyl groups. We show that these flat bands, located near the Fermi level, provide a new level of control over electronic properties, influencing conductivity and potentially allowing bandgap manipulation. In particular, in bilayer structures we discover a remarkable asymmetry in flat band formation, where less distorted layers exhibit flatter bands and dominate the electronic landscape. Furthermore, the presence of hydrogen bonding in bilayer systems leads to a lower flat band energy, which has promising implications for stability. This work opens new avenues for designing next-generation electronic devices with engineered functionalities by harnessing the power of flat band engineering in functionalized graphene.
Investigation of axial buckling behavior in composite laminates reinforced with S-glass fiber and epoxy featuring double cutouts
Authors: Bulut Mehmet , Erkliğ Ahmet 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This research examines the impact of double cutouts on the critical buckling load of woven S-Glass/epoxy composite laminates. The study is divided into two parts: the first part involves comparisons, while the second part introduces numerical analyses. Initially, critical buckling loads of composite laminates without cutouts are determined using numerical and experimental methods. Subsequently, the results are compared to ensure consistency of critical load values obtained from the different methods. In the second part, the study investigates the effects of fiber angle, shape (square and circular), size, and position of cutouts in the composite plate using finite element analysis. The findings suggest that the shape and position of the cutout on the plate primarily influence the critical buckling load of the composite plates with circular cutouts, resulting in a relatively lower change in buckling load compared to square ones.
Prospects on the detection of solar dark photons by the International Axion Observatory
Authors: O'Shea T. , Giannotti M. , Irastorza I.G. , Plasencia L.M. , Redondo J. , Ruz J. , Vogel J.K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Dark (hidden) photons are widely recognised as well motivated candidates for physics
beyond the standard model, and have been invoked for the solution of several outstanding problems,
including to account for the dark matter in the universe. In this paper, we consider a simple
model for dark photons, which is coupled to ordinary matter only through kinetic mixing with
ordinary photons. Within this framework, we calculate the flux of solar dark photons on Earth and
revise the potential to detect it with the next generation of axion helioscopes, particularly with
the International AXion Observatory (IAXO). This paper extends on previous theoretical analyses
in two main ways. Firstly, it includes a more complete analysis of the possible sources of dark
photons from the sun, including the contribution of the solar magnetic field and of nuclear
processes, and secondly it includes predictions on the parameter space accessible in the
gas-filled phase of IAXO.
On the detectability of the moving lens signal in CMB experiments
Authors: Hotinli Selim C. , Pierpaoli Elena 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Upcoming cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments are expected to detect new signals
probing interaction of CMB photons with intervening large-scale structure. Among these the
moving-lens effect, the CMB temperature anisotropy induced by cosmological structures moving
transverse to our line of sight, is anticipated to be measured to high significance in the near
future. In this paper, we investigate two possible strategies for the detection of this signal:
pairwise transverse-velocity estimation and oriented stacking. We expand on previous studies by
including in the analysis realistic simulations of competing signals and foregrounds. We confirm
that the moving lens effect can be detected at ≥ 10σ level by a combination of CMB-S4 and
LSST surveys. We show that the limiting factors in the detection depend on the strategy: for the
stacking analysis, correlated extragalactic foregrounds, namely the cosmic infrared background and
thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect, play the most important role. The addition of foregrounds make
the signal-to-noise ratio be most influenced by large and nearby objects. As for the pairwise
detection, halo lensing and pair number counts are the main issues. In light of our findings, we
elaborate on possible strategies to improve the analysis approach for the moving lens detection
with upcoming experiments. We also deliver to the community all the simulations and tools we
developed for this study.
Proton irradiation of FPGA-embedded hadron fluence sensors
Authors: Giordano R. , Tortone G. , Vincenzi D. , Loffredo F. , Quarto M. , Pestotnik R. , Lozar A. , Seljak A. , Verroi E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hadron fluence monitors based on static random access
memories (SRAMs) are in use at particle accelerators for the
protection of electronics and at proton-therapy facilities for
measuring secondary neutrons. One shortcoming of current solutions
is that they necessitate SRAMs to detect radiation-induced single
event upsets and require additional components to transfer the
counts from the radiation area. This approach limits the
practicality of the sensors due to their power requirements,
increased board complexity, larger physical footprint and reduced
total ionizing dose tolerance. In this work, we present proton
irradiation test results of a novel proton and neutron fluence
sensor we designed. The sensor is fully embedded in a SRAM-based
field programmable gate array (FPGA) solving the abovementioned
limitations of the state of the art. The FPGA configuration SRAM is
used as a sensitive element, while the Joint Test Action Group
interface is leveraged as a read out circuitry. We irradiated six
sensor units by means of a variable-energy proton beam at the Trento
Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA, Trento,
Italy). We discuss our results in terms of proton to upset cross
section as a function of the proton energy in the range from 70 to
228 MeV, also parameterized with respect to the power supply
voltage. We evaluate the variability of the cross section in the set
of irradiated samples. Moreover, we show how we used the device to
image the proton beam and measure beam profiles for aligning the
configuration RAM and beam centers. We also suggest alternate
reading modes to measure the fluence on the device by measuring the
drawn current, rather than counting upsets.
Earth system resilience and tipping behavior
Authors: Yi Chuixiang , Dakos Vasilis , D L Ritchie Paul , Sillmann Jana , Rocha Juan C , Milkoreit Manjana , Quinn Courtney 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change, marked by unprecedented extremes, is an immediate concern. The Earth’s limited ability to adapt to abrupt changes within our societal timeframe has raised global alarm. Resilience, the capacity to withstand and recover from disturbances, diminishes as disturbances intensify. For avoiding potential catastrophic changes, it is crucial to identify tipping points, where a change in part of a system becomes self-perpetuating beyond some threshold, leading to substantial, widespread, often abrupt and irreversible, impacts. This ERL focus collection has published 27 papers, which contribute novel research findings into the scientific literature in: (1) formulating theories of resilience and tipping points, (2) determining ecological resistance, resilience, and recovery, (3) examining tipping behavior of the Earth system, and (4) identifying social-ecological resilience and tipping points. Some of these results also are useful for policymakers and resource managers in addressing catastrophic disasters as a result of increasingly anthropogenic heating.
Plan evaluation for heat resilience: complementary methods to comprehensively assess heat planning in Tempe and Tucson, Arizona
Authors: Meerow Sara , Keith Ladd , Roy Malini , Trego Shaylynn 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Escalating impacts from climate change and urban heat are increasing the urgency for communities to equitably plan for heat resilience. Cities in the desert Southwest are among the hottest and fastest warming in the U.S., placing them on the front lines of heat planning. Urban heat resilience requires an integrated planning approach that coordinates strategies across the network of plans that shape the built environment and risk patterns. To date, few studies have assessed cities’ progress on heat planning. This research is the first to combine two emerging plan evaluation approaches to examine how networks of plans shape urban heat resilience through case studies of Tempe and Tucson, Arizona. The first methodology, Plan Quality Evaluation for Heat Resilience, adapts existing plan quality assessment approaches to heat. We assess whether plans meet 56 criteria across seven principles of high-quality planning and the types of heat strategies included in the plans. The second methodology, the Plan Integration for Resilience Scorecard™ (PIRS™) for Heat, focuses on plan policies that could influence urban heat hazards. We categorize policies by policy tool and heat mitigation strategy and score them based on their heat impact. Scored policies are then mapped to evaluate their spatial distribution and the net effect of the plan network. The resulting PIRS™ for Heat scorecard is compared with heat vulnerability indicators to assess policy alignment with risks. We find that both cities are proactively planning for heat resilience using similar plan and strategy types, however, there are clear and consistent opportunities for improvement. Combining these complementary plan evaluation methods provides a more comprehensive understanding of how plans address heat and a generalizable approach that communities everywhere could use to identify opportunities for improved heat resilience planning.