bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Peptidyl‐Transesterifying Type I Thioesterase in Salinamide Biosynthesis
Authors: Ray Lauren , Yamanaka Kazuya , Moore Bradley S. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSalinamide A belongs to a rare class of bicyclic depsipeptide antibiotics in which the installation of a (4‐methylhexa‐2,4‐dienoyl)glycine handle across a hexadepsipeptide core contributes to its chemical complexity and biological properties. Herein, we report the genetic and biochemical basis for salinamide construction in the marine bacterium Streptomyces sp. CNB‐091, which involves a novel intermolecular transesterification reaction catalyzed by a type I thioesterase. Heterologous expression studies revealed the central role of the nonribosomal peptide synthetase Sln9 in constructing and installing the distinctive acylglycine “basket handle” of salinamide. Biochemical characterization of the Sln9 thioesterase domain established that transesterification of the serine residue of desmethylsalinamide E with acylated glycyl thioesters yields desmethylsalinamide C.
Obesity and the Relative Risk of Knee Replacement Surgery in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Leyland Kirsten M. , Judge Andrew , Javaid M. Kassim , Diez‐Perez Adolfo , Carr Andrew , Cooper Cyrus , Arden Nigel K. , Prieto‐Alhambra Daniel 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveIt is unclear what impact obesity has on the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) from diagnosis to knee replacement surgery. This study was undertaken to examine the relative risk of knee replacement surgery in overweight and obese patients who were newly diagnosed as having knee OA in a community setting.MethodsSubjects were selected from the Information System for Development of Primary Care Research database, which compiles comprehensive clinical information collected by health care professionals for >5.5 million people in Catalonia, Spain (80% of the population). Patients newly diagnosed as having knee OA in primary care between 2006 and 2011 were included. Knee replacement was ascertained using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes from linked hospital admissions data. Multivariable Cox regression models were fitted for knee replacement according to body mass index (BMI), and were adjusted for relevant confounders. Population proportional attributable risk was calculated.ResultsA total of 105,189 participants were followed up for a median of 2.6 years (interquartile range 1.3–4.2). Of these patients, 7,512 (7.1%) underwent knee replacement. Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for knee replacement for the World Health Organization BMI categories were 1.41 (95% CI 1.27–1.57) for overweight, 1.97 (95% CI 1.78–2.18) for obese I, 2.39 (95% CI 2.15–2.67) for obese II, and 2.67 (95% CI 2.34–3.04) for obese III compared to normal weight. The effect of BMI on risk of knee replacement was stronger among younger participants. The population attributable risk of obesity for knee OA–related knee replacement was 31.0%.ConclusionOverweight and obese patients are at >40% and 100% increased risk of knee replacement surgery, respectively, compared to patients with normal weight. This association is even stronger in younger patients. Weight reduction strategies could potentially reduce the need for knee replacement surgery by 31% among patients with knee OA.
Association of Joint Inflammation With Pain Sensitization in Knee Osteoarthritis: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study
Authors: Neogi Tuhina , Guermazi Ali , Roemer Frank , Nevitt Michael C. , Scholz Joachim , Arendt‐Nielsen Lars , Woolf Clifford , Niu Jingbo , Bradley Laurence A. , Quinn Emily , Frey Law Laura 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivePain sensitization is associated with pain severity in knee osteoarthritis (OA), but its cause in humans is not well understood. We examined whether inflammation, assessed as synovitis and effusion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or mechanical load, assessed as bone marrow lesions (BMLs), was associated with sensitization in knee OA.MethodsSubjects in the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study, a National Institutes of Health–funded cohort of persons with or at risk of knee OA, underwent radiography and MRI of the knee, and standardized quantitative sensory testing (temporal summation and pressure pain threshold [PPT]) of the wrist and patellae at baseline and 2 years later. We examined the relation of synovitis, effusion, and BMLs to temporal summation and PPT cross‐sectionally and longitudinally.ResultsThere were 1,111 subjects in the study sample (mean age 67 years, mean body mass index 30 kg/m2, 62% female). Synovitis was associated with a significant decrease in PPT at the patella (i.e., more sensitized) over 2 years (adjusted β −0.30 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) −0.52, −0.08]). Effusion was similarly associated with a decrease in PPT at the wrist (adjusted β −0.24 [95% CI −0.41, −0.08]) and with risk of incident temporal summation at the patella (adjusted OR 1.54 [95% CI 1.01, 2.36]). BMLs were not associated with either quantitative sensory testing measure.ConclusionInflammation, as evidenced by synovitis or effusion, is associated with pain sensitization in knee OA. In contrast, BMLs do not appear to contribute to sensitization in knee OA. Early targeting of inflammation is a reasonable strategy to test for prevention of sensitization and through this, reduction of pain severity, in knee OA.
Derivation and External Validation of a Prediction Rule for Five‐Year Mortality in Patients With Early Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Domsic Robyn T. , Nihtyanova Svetlana I. , Wisniewski Stephen R. , Fine Michael J. , Lucas Mary , Kwoh C. Kent , Denton Christopher P. , Medsger Thomas A. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveAlthough diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) is associated with a reduction in life expectancy, there are no validated prognostic models for determining 5‐year mortality in patients with dcSSc. The objective of this study was to derive and validate a rule for predicting 5‐year mortality in patients with early dcSSc.MethodsWe studied an inception cohort of 388 US Caucasian patients with early dcSSc (<2 years from the appearance of the first symptom). Predefined baseline variables were analyzed in a stepwise logistic regression model in order to identify factors independently associated with 5‐year all‐cause mortality. We rounded the beta weights to the nearest integer and summed the points assigned to each variable in order to stratify patients into low‐risk (<0 points), moderate‐risk (1–2 points), and high‐risk (≥3 points) groups. We then applied this rule to an external validation cohort of 144 Caucasian patients with early dcSSc from the Royal Free Hospital cohort and compared stratum‐specific 5‐year mortality.ResultsSix independent predictors (rounded beta weight) comprised the model: age at first visit (points allotted: −1, 0, or 1), male sex (points allotted: 0 or 1), tendon friction rubs (points allotted: 0 or 1), gastrointestinal involvement (points allotted: 0 or 1), RNA polymerase III antibodies (points allotted: 0 or 1), and anemia (points allotted: 0 or 1). The 3‐level risk stratification model performed well, with no significant differences between the US derivation cohort and the UK validation cohort.ConclusionWe derived and externally validated, in US and UK cohorts, an easy‐to‐use 6‐variable prediction rule that assigns low‐risk, moderate‐risk, and high‐risk categories for 5‐year mortality in patients with early dcSSc. Only history, physical examination, and basic laboratory assessments are required.
When Is Osteonecrosis Not Osteonecrosis?: Adjudication of Reported Serious Adverse Joint Events in the Tanezumab Clinical Development Program
Authors: Hochberg Marc C. , Tive Leslie A. , Abramson Steven B. , Vignon Eric , Verburg Kenneth M. , West Christine R. , Smith Michael D. , Hungerford David S. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveTanezumab, a monoclonal antibody against nerve growth factor, has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials of chronic pain in osteoarthritis (OA) and chronic low back pain. Unexpected adverse events (AEs) described as osteonecrosis (ON) occurred during tanezumab development, leading the US Food and Drug Administration to impose a partial clinical hold for all indications except cancer pain. A blinded Adjudication Committee (AC) including orthopedic surgeons, rheumatologists, and an orthopedic pathologist reviewed and adjudicated joint‐related AEs in the tanezumab clinical program.MethodsThe AC adjudicated all reported cases of ON as well as cases of total joint replacements (TJRs) not reported as ON for which radiographs obtained within 9 months of the surgery were available. The AC prespecified categories for joint safety events including primary ON, worsening OA (rapid progression of OA [RPOA], normal progression of OA, insufficient information to distinguish between rapid and normal progression of OA), other, or insufficient information to distinguish between primary ON and worsening OA or another diagnosis.ResultsThe AC reviewed events in 249 of 386 patients with an investigator‐reported AE of ON and/or a TJR. Two events were adjudicated as primary ON, 200 events were adjudicated as worsening OA (68 of which were classified as RPOA), 29 events had another diagnosis, 11 had insufficient information to distinguish primary ON from worsening OA, and 7 did not have committee member consensus.ConclusionDespite initial reports, tanezumab treatment was not associated with an increase in ON but was associated with an increase in RPOA. Higher doses of tanezumab, tanezumab administered with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and preexisting subchondral insufficiency fractures were risk factors for RPOA in this cohort.
Global Output‐Feedback Stabilization for Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Function Control Coefficients
Authors: Jin Shaoli , Liu Yungang , Man Yongchao 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates the global output‐feedback stabilization for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems with function control coefficients. Notably, the systems in question possess control coefficients that are functions of output, rather than constants; hence, they are different from the existing literature on stochastic stabilization. To solve the control problem, an appropriate reduced‐order observer is introduced to reconstruct the unmeasured system states before a smooth output‐feedback controller is designed using the backstepping method, which guarantees that the closed‐loop system is globally asymptotically stable in probability. This paper combines the related results in the deterministic and stochastic setting and gives the first treatment on the global output‐feedback stabilization for the stochastic nonlinear systems with function control coefficients. A simulation example is given also to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Action Dynamics in Intertemporal Choice Reveal Different Facets of Decision Process
Authors: Cheng Jiuqing , González‐Vallejo Claudia 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTwo experiments were conducted to examine decision process in intertemporal choice with spatial and temporal action dynamic measures generated from cursor movement. The effects of the context valence (gain and loss) and magnitude of the payoffs (small and large) were investigated. Other factors examined were differences between decisions made at versus away from the indifference point and response variability dependent on what was selected (delayed versus non‐delayed/less‐delayed payoff). Using principal components analysis, decision process is described with three orthogonal components. General decision difficulty is encompassed by two components: (1) Conflict, depicted by Idle time and deviations from a direct choice path, and (2) decision uncertainty or Wavering, described by left‐right directional flips. A general Locomotion factor was also present. In Experiment 1, Conflict was best at capturing the gain/loss and magnitude context effects. Greater Conflict was observed in the loss context and the small magnitude condition. When choices were closer to the indifference point, Wavering was most salient. In Experiment 2, when selecting larger, delayed payoffs, both Conflict and Wavering increased suggesting that controlling the temptation of selecting the sooner, smaller reward entails effort. By analyzing trajectories, the study advances knowledge of the construct validity of different action dynamic measures and supports the distinction of decision uncertainty and decision conflict. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The (In)visibility of Psychodiagnosticians' Expertise
Authors: Schulte‐Mecklenbeck Michael , Spaanjaars Nanon L. , Witteman Cilia L. M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis study investigates decision making in mental health care. Specifically, it compares the diagnostic decision outcomes (i.e., the quality of diagnoses) and the diagnostic decision process (i.e., pre‐decisional information acquisition patterns) of novice and experienced clinical psychologists. Participants' eye movements were recorded while they completed diagnostic tasks, classifying mental disorders. In line with previous research, our findings indicate that diagnosticians' performance is not related to their clinical experience. Eye‐tracking data provide corroborative evidence for this result from the process perspective: experience does not predict changes in cue inspection patterns. For future research into expertise in this domain, it is advisable to track individual differences between clinicians rather than study differences on the group level. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Which one of the two common reporter systems is more suitable for chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay: alkaline phosphatase or horseradish peroxidase?
Authors: Yu Songcheng , Yu Fei , Liu Lie , Zhang Hongquan , Zhang Zhenzhong , Qu Lingbo , Wu Yongjun 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAlkaline phosphatase and horseradish peroxidase are the most commonly used reporter systems in chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA). Which one, therefore, would be better when establishing a CLEIA method for a new target substance? There was no standard answer. In this study, both reporters were compared systematically including luminescence kinetics, conjugation methods, optimal condition and detection performance, using two common drugs, SD‐methoxy‐pyrimidine and enrofloxacin, as determination objects. The results revealed that there was much difference between the luminescence kinetics of the two systems. However, there was little difference between these systems when detecting the same substance, including in optimal conditions and determination of performance. Both reporters were suitable for establishing chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassays. Therefore, the choice of alkaline phosphatase or horseradish peroxidase as the reporter system in chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassays depends on availability. Conversely, these two report systems could be applied in simultaneous analysis of multicomponents due to their different optical behaviors and similar performances. But attention should be paid to conjugation method and coating buffer, which affected the luminescent intensity of different determination targets. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A ‘turn‐on’ fluorescent chemosensor for quantification of serum albumin in aqueous solution at neutral pH
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Li Kai , He Juan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA fluorescent chemosensor 1 (4‐diethylamino‐2′‐hydroxychalcone) for detecting serum albumin with long‐wavelength emission, good selectivity and facile synthesis was reported. Upon the addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to an aqueous solution of 1 at neutral pH, a ‘turn‐on’ fluorescence response was observed at 596 nm based on a hydrophobic binding mode between 1 and BSA. A linear range of 0.10–1.00 mg/mL and a detection limit of 9.1 µg/mL for BSA were obtained, respectively. Moreover, 1 was successfully applied to detect BSA in real bovine serum samples with satisfied recovery and accuracy, which suggested that 1 could serve as a valid and effective fluorescent chemosensor for quantification of BSA. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of doping M in ZnSe (M = Cd, Mn, Ag, Cu) clusters: optical and bonding characteristics
Authors: Xu Shuhong , Xu Xiaojing , Wang Chunlei , Zhao Zengxia , Wang Zhuyuan , Cui Yiping 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe optical and bonding characteristics of doping ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) were investigated. Cd‐, Mn‐, Ag‐ and Cu‐doped ZnSe were synthesized in aqueous solution. Theoretically, the intensity of the Cd–Se bond was similar to that of the Zn–Se bond, which illustrates that Cd can be doped into ZnSe materials at any ratio. We found that Mn–Se bonding was stronger than Zn–Se bonding. Ag‐doped ZnSe nanoclusters show the same bonding and configuration as Cu‐doped ZnSe. Moreover, Cd can be doped into ZnSe using both the substitution‐ and vacancy‐doping method. For Mn‐doped ZnSe clusters, small amounts of Mn impurity lead to stronger bonding with Se, but larger amounts of Mn impurity led to the formation of a Mn–Mn metal bond. The theoretical results show that it is difficult to form a vacancy‐doping cluster for Mn‐doped ZnSe materials. In experiments, the absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectral wavelengths of Mn‐doped ZnSe nanocrystals were the same as those of pure ZnSe nanocrystals, showing that the Mn impurity is not doped into ZnSe nanocrystals. Ag‐ and Cu‐doped ZnSe nanocrystals have the same PL characteristics. The doping of an impurity is related to the solubility product, and not the bonding intensity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Light‐Stable Silver N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts for the Alkynylation of Ketones in Air
Authors: Lazreg Faïma , Lesieur Mathieu , Samson Andrew J. , Cazin Catherine S. J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractN‐Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) silver(I) complexes were employed efficiently in the alkynylation of ketones. These cationic complexes were highly active and efficient under mild conditions and in air without the need for an additive. The mechanism of this transformation was investigated. Experiments suggest that the formation of a silver acetylide key intermediate and the release of one ligand from the silver centre enable the transformation.
Artificial Photosynthesis at Dynamic Self‐Assembled Interfaces in Water
Authors: Hansen Malte , Troppmann Stefan , König Burkhard 
Published: November 2015

AbstractArtificial photosynthesis is one of the big scientific challenges of today. Self‐assembled dynamic interfaces, such as vesicles or micelles, have been used as microreactors to mimic biological photosynthesis. These aggregates can help to overcome typical problems of homogeneous photocatalytic water splitting. Microheterogeneous environments organize catalyst–photosensitizer assemblies at the interface in close proximity and thus enhance intermolecular interactions. Thereby vesicles and micelles may promote photoinitiated charge separation and suppress back electron transfer. The dynamic self‐assembled interfaces solubilize non‐polar compounds and protect sensitive catalytic units and intermediates against degradation. In addition, vesicles provide compartmentation that was used to separate different redox environments needed for an overall water splitting system. This Minireview provides an overview of the applications of micellar and vesicular microheterogeneous systems for solar energy conversion by photosensitized water oxidation and hydrogen generation.
Fabrication of Fe‐Doped LiCoO2 Sandwich‐Like Nanocomposites as Excellent Performance Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Li , Zhang Huijuan , Yang Jiao , Mu Yanping , Wang Yu 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this article, the two‐layer sandwiched graphene@LiFe0.2Co0.8O2 nanoparticles (SG@LFCO) have been prepared and investigated as high‐rate and long‐life cathode materials for rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries. The materials possess a high‐surface area (267.1 m2 g−1) and lots of void spaces. By combining various favorable conditions, such as Fe doping, coating graphene, and designing novel morphology, the as‐prepared materials deliver a specific capacity of 115 mAh g−1 at 10 C. At the 0.1 C cycling rate, the capacity retention of 97.2 % is sustained after 250 cycles and a coulombic efficiency of around 97.6 % is obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescence Properties of Dysprosium Doped Calcium Magnesium Silicate Phosphor by Solid State Reaction Method.
Authors: Sahu Ishwar Prasad , Chandrakar Priya , Baghel R.n. , Bisen D.p. , Brahme Nameeta , Tamrakar Raunak Kumar 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCaMgSi2O6:Dy3+ white light emitting phosphor is prepared by firing a stoichiometric mixture of CaCO3, MgO, SiO2, and Dy2O3 in air (alumina crucible, 1050 °C, 3 h).
ChemInform Abstract: White Light Emission from Ca9Bi(PO4)7:Dy3+ Single‐Phase Phosphors for Light‐Emitting Diodes.
Authors: Zhang Z. W. , Song A. J. , Yue Y. , Zhong H. , Zhang X. Y. , Ma M. Z. , Liu R. P. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCa9Bi1‐x(PO4)7:xDy3+ (x = 0.02—1) is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of CaCO3, (NH4)2HPO4, Bi2O3, and Dy2O3 in air (1.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Properties and Electronic Structure of Manganese‐Based Blue Pigments: A High‐Frequency and ‐Field EPR Study.
Authors: Krzystek J. , Telser Joshua , Li Jun , Subramanian M. A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSolid solutions of YIn1‐xMnxO3 (0.02 < x < 0.25) are prepared according to the literature.
ChemInform Abstract: Li5Cr9Ti4O24: A New Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Lin Chunfu , Deng Shengjue , Shen Hong , Wang Guizhen , Li Yanfang , Yu Lei , Lin Shiwei , Li Jianbao , Lu Li 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe theoretical capacity of Li4Ti5O12 is increased by combining Ti3+/Ti4+ and Cr2+/Cr3+ redox couples.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure Determination of YCo1‐xFexO3 (x = 0, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67 and 1) Perovskites.
Authors: Dimitrovska‐Lazova S. , Aleksovska S. , Tzvetkov P. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by a solution combustion method from solutions of Y(NO3)3, Co(NO3)2, and Fe(NO3)3 in a small amount of water.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydroaminomethylation of Cyclopentadiene.
Authors: Behr Arno , Levikov Denys , Nuerenberg Edward 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSaturated C6‐cyclopentylmethyl amines are obtained in a single step using the homogeneous catalyst Rh(II) octanoate dimer without additional phosphorus ligands under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Understanding of BF3·Et2O‐Promoted Intra‐ and Intermolecular Amination and Oxygenation of Unfunctionalized Olefins.
Authors: Yang Chun‐Hua , Fan Wen‐Wen , Liu Gong‐Qing , Duan Lili , Li Lin , Li Yue‐Ming 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBF3.Et2O is effective for both intra‐ and intermolecular hydroamination as well as for lactonization and esterification reactions of unactivated C=C double bonds.
ChemInform Abstract: CF3‐Carbenoid C—H Functionalization of (Hetero)arenes under Chelation‐Controlled RhIII Catalysis.
Authors: Iagafarova Irina E. , Vorobyeva Daria V. , Peregudov Alexander S. , Osipov Sergey N. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAn efficient method for the Rh(III)‐catalyzed CF3‐carbenoid C—H functionalization of benzenes and indoles bearing a directing group is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Free Pd‐Catalyzed Double Carbonylation of Aryl Iodides with Amines to α‐Ketoamides under Atmospheric Pressure of Carbon Monoxide and at Room Temperature.
Authors: Du Hongyan , Ruan Qing , Qi Minghao , Han Wei 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn situ generation of Pd nanoparticles in PEG‐400 is the key to the first general, ligand‐ and additive‐free protocol for double carbonylation of aryl iodides in the presence of amines to furnish α‐ketoamides.