bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diverse genetic alteration dysregulates neuropeptide and intracellular signalling in the suprachiasmatic nuclei
Authors: Curtis Lucy , Piggins Hugh D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn mammals, intrinsic 24 h or circadian rhythms are primarily generated by the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Rhythmic daily changes in the transcriptome and proteome of SCN cells are controlled by interlocking transcription‐translation feedback loops (TTFLs) of core clock genes and their proteins. SCN cells function as autonomous circadian oscillators, which synchronize through intercellular neuropeptide signalling. Physiological and behavioural rhythms can be severely disrupted by genetic modification of a diverse range of genes and proteins in the SCN. With the advent of next generation sequencing, there is unprecedented information on the molecular profile of the SCN and how it is affected by genetically targeted alteration. However, whether the expression of some genes is more readily affected by genetic alteration of the SCN is unclear. Here, using publicly available datasets from recent RNA‐seq assessments of the SCN from genetically altered and control mice, we evaluated whether there are commonalities in transcriptome dysregulation. This was completed for four different phases across the 24 h cycle and was augmented by Gene Ontology Molecular Function (GO:MF) and promoter analysis. Common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and/or enriched GO:MF terms included signalling molecules, their receptors, and core clock components. Finally, examination of the JASPAR database indicated that E‐box and CRE elements in the promoter regions of several commonly dysregulated genes. From this analysis, we identify differential expression of genes coding for molecules involved in SCN intra‐ and intercellular signalling as a potential cause of abnormal circadian rhythms.
Regulation of reinforcement learning parameters captures long‐term changes in rat behaviour
Authors: Cinotti François , Coutureau Etienne , Khamassi Mehdi , Marchand Alain R. , Girard Benoît 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn uncertain environments in which resources fluctuate continuously, animals must permanently decide whether to stabilise learning and exploit what they currently believe to be their best option, or instead explore potential alternatives and learn fast from new observations. While such a trade‐off has been extensively studied in pretrained animals facing non‐stationary decision‐making tasks, it is yet unknown how they progressively tune it while learning the task structure during pretraining. Here, we compared the ability of different computational models to account for long‐term changes in the behaviour of 24 rats while they learned to choose a rewarded lever in a three‐armed bandit task across 24 days of pretraining. We found that the day‐by‐day evolution of rat performance and win‐shift tendency revealed a progressive stabilisation of the way they regulated reinforcement learning parameters. We successfully captured these behavioural adaptations using a meta‐learning model in which either the learning rate or the inverse temperature was controlled by the average reward rate.
Equine coital exanthema – Eradicated or underdiagnosed disease?
Authors: Żychska Monika , Matusz‐Łukawska Aleksandra , Pikuła Izabela , Dzięgelewska‐Sokołowska Żaneta , Azab Walid , Witkowski Lucjan 
Published: June 2024

SummaryEquine coital exanthema (ECE) is a contagious, sexually transmitted disease affecting horses. It manifests itself as painful papules, vesicles, pustules and ulcers on the external genitalia in both mares and stallions. While widespread, the disease is generally not classified as reportable in most countries and is not considered a significant threat to the equine industry. ECE is endemic in horse breeding populations internationally. The absence of comprehensive epidemiological data can give a false sense of security, which increases the risk of local transmission. Lack of surveillance programmes or routine control in risk group (reproductive stallions and mares) leads to unawareness and lack of proper biosecurity measures. An outbreak in breeding facilities may result in significant economic consequences. Although ECE has not been officially confirmed in Poland, equine practitioners have noted isolated clinical cases resembling the disease in farm horses in the last decades. This study aims to confirm the presence of ECE in Poland. Clinical diagnosis has been made based on characteristic lesions. Positive diagnosis was confirmed in two out of four outbreaks by real‐time PCR on genital swabs. The presence of the disease has been confirmed in different regions in Poland in farm horses bred as meat animals. Confirming EHV‐3 infection in the Polish equine population through laboratory examinations marks a significant milestone. It is now crucial to raise awareness among owners, breeders and equine practitioners about the current epidemiological status of the disease.
Vertical pelvic movement asymmetry and lameness location in ipsilateral combined forelimb and hindlimb lameness cases
Authors: Means Kari , Hayden Lyndsey , Kramer Joanne , McCracken Megan Jill , Reed Shannon K. , Wilson David A. , Keegan Kevin George 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundCompensatory vertical head and pelvis movement asymmetry may occur in trotting horses with a primary cause of lameness in one end of the body due to the weight shifting between limbs, leading to apparent combined forelimb and hindlimb lameness (CFHL). Little is known about CFHL patterns observed with body‐mounted inertial sensors (BMIS) and regardless of their underlying mechanisms, compensatory and secondary lameness may complicate the definitive identification of the primary causes of lameness.ObjectiveDetermine associations between vertical pelvic movement asymmetry and location of primary lameness in ipsilateral CFHL cases where hindlimb lameness is solely impact or push‐off type.Study designRetrospective cohort.MethodsFrom a body‐mounted inertial sensor (BMIS) evaluated equine lameness database, we identified cases with a consistent, low‐variability ipsilateral impact (IpI) or ipsilateral pushoff (IpP) hindlimb lameness in a straight‐line trot and that had definitive diagnoses. Cases were categorised by lameness location to the limb(s), diagnosis, and ratio of the amplitude of forelimb to hindlimb lameness (Forea/Hinda). Differences in the numbers of IpI and IpP cases in these categories were analysed with chi‐square tests, effect sizes, and odds ratios.ResultsAmong the 2375 total lameness cases screened, 49 IpI and 36 IpP cases met the criteria for consistency, low variability, and definitive diagnosis. IpI cases were more likely than IpP cases to have forelimb‐only lameness causes when Forea/Hinda >1 (OR = 43, 95% CI = 2.3–798). IpP cases were more likely than IpI cases to have hindlimb‐only causes at both Forea/Hinda >1.0 (OR = 20, 95% CI = 2.2–200) and <1.0 (OR = 14, 95% CI = 2.9–66.7). Compared with IpI, IpP cases were more frequently diagnosed with tendon, suspensory ligament, or high‐motion joint disorders in hindlimbs (OR = 3.6, 95% CI = 1.1–12.3) and less with unknown causes (OR = 13.2, 95% CI = 3.2–75.2). In IpI cases, positive forelimb regional anaesthesia often reduced hindlimb lameness, whereas in IpP cases, positive hindlimb regional anaesthesia typically lessened forelimb lameness.Main limitationsMost cases were Quarter Horses. The likelihood of location and cause of lameness may be different for other breeds.ConclusionsThe type of pelvic movement asymmetry observed in IpI and IpP cases is linked to the location and underlying cause of the primary lameness.
Doppler renal resistivity index in horses: A systematic review
Authors: dos Santos Rosse Nathalia , Reis Emily Correna Carlo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe resistivity index (RI) evaluates haemodynamic based on arterial resistance. Alterations in renal blood flow are important for the early detection of kidney damage, as perfusion might be one of the first affected aspects.ObjectivesTo retrieve published studies on equine renal RI to develop a standardised method of renal ultrasonographic examination and to evaluate the current reference range for the renal RI in horses.Study designSystematic review.MethodsAn electronic search in Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed in February 2023 using the terms ‘RI’ OR ‘resistivity index’ OR ‘IP’ OR ‘pulsatility index’ AND (kidney OR renal) AND (equine OR horse) in titles, keywords and abstracts. The studies were screened for inclusion based on pre‐determined criteria and data on the variables of interest were collected from included studies. The SYRCLE risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality.ResultsThe electronic searches identified 134 studies, of which 5 were eligible for inclusion in this review. The studies had been conducted in healthy non‐sedated horses through the transabdominal technique. The upper limit of normality for the renal RI was 0.58 ± 0.06 for the right kidney of untrained horses, which is considerably lower than the value of 0.70 currently used for humans, cats and dogs. There were heterogenous outcomes among the studies: two of the five demonstrated a difference between the right and left renal RI values, and one of the five showed an increased renal RI in elderly horses compared with foals and adult horses.Main limitationsData regarding the RI in horses are still scarce.ConclusionsAdditional studies that establish a reference range for the renal RI in horses are needed and there is a need to ensure consistency of techniques.
LGBTIQ+ access to assisted reproductive treatment
Authors: Page Stephen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article provides an overview of barriers faced by LGBTQ+ people with respect to Assisted Reproductive Treatment (ART). It proceeds in four parts and addresses four different identities who may be impacted differently. The article first addresses access to ART by gay and single men. It then focuses on the question of who is recognized as a parent legally and how that impacts ART. The article next addresses reciprocal intravenous fertilization (IVF) issues for lesbian couples. Finally, it focuses on access to ART for transmen and women. ART impacts the LGBTQ+ community in unique ways depending on many factors, and this article provides an overview of those factors and the importance of addressing all of them.
The effects of resolution method of child custody and support plans on parental well‐being during the divorce process: Implications from and for divorce education
Authors: Crapo J. Scott , Turner Joshua J. , Higginbotham Brian J. , Bradford Kay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe majority of research on the impact of divorce on parents, children, and families focuses on what occurs after the divorce has been finalized. However, data derived from divorce education programs present opportunities for research on the experience of parents during the divorce process. Guided by the divorce‐stress‐adjustment model, this study sought to understand how the divorce process impacts parental well‐being by examining some of the most pressing child‐related concerns divorcing parents have while going through a divorce. Specifically, we looked at how the approach parents took to resolve child‐related issues (i.e., internally, through outside intervention, or unresolved) was related to the perceived fairness of child custody arrangements, parental concerns regarding how divorce impacts children, financial concerns, and their overall well‐being. Perceived fairness of the child custody arrangement, concerns regarding how divorce impacts children, and financial concerns were associated with parental well‐being, and also served as an indirect path through which approaches to resolve child‐related issues impacted parental well‐being. Understanding what parents think and feel during the divorce process, and how those thoughts and feelings are related to the actual steps to getting a divorce, could help inform divorce education typically administered as part of divorce proceedings.
Novel models for fatigue life prediction under wideband random loads based on machine learning
Authors: Sun Hong , Qiu Yuanying , Li Jing , Bai Jin , Peng Ming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMachine learning as a data‐driven solution has been widely applied in the field of fatigue lifetime prediction. In this paper, three models for wideband fatigue life prediction are built based on three machine learning models, that is, support vector regression (SVR), Gaussian process regression (GPR), and artificial neural network (ANN). All the three prediction models use the parameter b of the well‐known Tovo–Benasciutti (TB) model as their outputs to realize fatigue life prediction and their generalization abilities are enhanced by employing numerous power spectrum samples with different bandwidth parameters and a variety of material properties related to fatigue life. Sufficient Monte Carlo numerical simulations demonstrate that the newly developed machine learning models are superior to the traditional frequency‐domain models in terms of life prediction accuracy and the ANN model has the best overall performance among the three developed machine learning models.
Minimal interference of concizumab with standard clinical coagulation laboratory assays – An in vitro study
Authors: Augustsson Cecilia , Strandberg Karin , Kjalke Marianne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionNon‐factor replacement therapies are emerging as prophylactic treatment options in haemophilia A or B (HA/HB) with and without inhibitors. Concizumab is an anti‐tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) monoclonal antibody preventing factor (F)Xa inhibition and enhancing thrombin generation. Based on experience with other non‐factor therapies and extended half‐life products, there is a focus on potential interference with common clinical coagulation assays used to monitor patients treated with concizumab.AimTo evaluate the impact of concizumab on standard clinical coagulation assays.MethodsPlasma samples (normal, HA/HB with/without inhibitors) in the presence/absence of added concizumab (250–16,000 ng/mL) were analysed in clinical assays including activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), FVIII and FIX one‐stage clot and chromogenic substrate assay, assays for detecting FVIII or FIX inhibitors and other assays for coagulation factors.ResultsConcizumab did not impact PT assays, but resulted in a small shortening of aPTT (up to 5 s in haemophilia plasma and 0.4 s in normal plasma). Concizumab had no, or only a minor impact on FVIII and FIX activity assays or Bethesda inhibitor assays. FXI and FXII activity in normal plasma, as measured by single factor aPTT‐based assay, was significantly increased in the presence of concizumab (+11% each). This was also the case for FVII and FX measured by PT‐based assays using plasma with 25% of FVII or FX (+64% and +22%, respectively).ConclusionThe presence of concizumab did not, or only slightly, influence the outcome of standard clinical coagulation assays relevant for HA and HB.
A qualitative study on the perioperative experiences and demands of haemophilic arthropathy patients undergoing total joint replacement
Authors: Su Qian , Shao Yashuang , Bao Yunchun , Kan Yanan , Wu Bainv , Ye Fuying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionTotal joint replacement is the optimal treatment option for patients with severe haemophilic arthritis. Current research emphasizes patient‐reported outcomes as a vital measure for evaluating surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction. Nevertheless, very limited information about the subjective experience of perioperative haemophiliacs in the literature, highlighting the need for exploration in this area.AimTo investigate the psychological experiences and health demands of haemophilic arthropathy patients during the perioperative period of total joint replacement.DesignQualitative descriptive research with semistructured individual interviews.MethodsFrom June to September 2023, nine patients with severe haemophilic arthropathy who underwent total joint replacement at a Haemophilia Diagnosis and Treatment Centre in China were interviewed for average 37 min per person. Data were analysed using the traditional content analysis method and reported following the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. The study is reported according to the COREQ checklist.ResultsInterviews described two main themes: (1) emotional decline which involves preoperative overoptimism, early postoperative anxiety and disease uncertainty during the early independent rehabilitation. (2) wellness aspiration which includes rehabilitation support and spiritual healing.ConclusionThis study reveals the patients’ significant psychological changes and their well‐being aspiration, particularly out‐of‐hospital rehabilitation needs. Strengthening communication between multidisciplinary teams and patients, enhancing the involvement of nurses, broadening the scope of functions at primary Haemophilia Treatment Centres, and developing telerehabilitation, these concerted efforts may improve the overall treatment experience for patients.
Effects of a medium cut‐off dialyzer on inflammation and cardiac and vascular function in hemodialysis patients with heart failure
Authors: Ozarli Irem , Yeter Hacı Hasan , Sener Yusuf Ziya , Cebrailov Cebrail , Yildirim Tolga , Yilmaz Rahmi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionExpanded hemodialysis (HDx) could provide clearance of larger middle‐molecule uremic toxins. We compared the effect of hemodialysis with medium cut‐off membranes and high‐flux (HFHD) membranes regarding changes in inflammation and vascular and left ventricular function.MethodsThis was a single‐center, prospective, parallel‐group comparative study. Patients were divided into two groups (HDx: 25 patients and HFHD: 26 patients). All measurements were performed at baseline and 12 weeks. Serum c‐reactive protein, interkelukin‐18, pentraxin‐3, β‐2 microglobulin, and brain natriuretic peptide were measured. We used pulse wave velocity and augmentation index to assess arterial stiffness and echocardiography to evaluate left and right ventricular function.FindingsWe enrolled 51 patients. Although serum c‐reactive protein, interkelukin‐18, pentraxin 3, and β‐2 microglobulin were significantly decreased in the HDx group (p = 0.02, p < 0.001, p = 0.002, and p = 0.02, respectively), there was no significant change in HFHD group at 12th week. Serum c‐reactive protein and interkelukin‐18were significantly lower in the HDx group compared to the HFHD group in the 12th week (p = 0.007 and p = 0.03, respectively). We observed a significant decrease in pulse wave velocity in the HDx group at the end of the study (p = 0.03). Although there was no significant change in pulse wave velocity in the HFHD group, pulse wave velocity was similar between the HDx and HFHD groups in the 12th week. We detected a significant decrease in the mean isovolumetric relaxation time in the HDx group (p = 0.006). However, there was no significant difference in isovolumetric relaxation time between the HDx and HFHD groups in the 12th week.DiscussionHDx provides better clearance of middle molecular uremic toxins and inflammatory biomarkers, and it may be associated with better central hemodynamic parameters and diastolic functions.
Physiotypic variations lead to variations within the normal range for red blood cells and haemoglobin levels in a healthy human population: An evaluation using generalised additive modelling and hierarchical structure analysis
Authors: Islam Zainul , Adnan Mohd , Noor Huma , Chaudhary Rohit , Farhan Mohd , Sherani F. S. , Rizvi Asim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesHaematological parameters have been used for a long time for clinical evaluations, however the dynamics of these parameters has not been studied at length, in healthy populations. We aim to understand the dependence of haematological parameters on human physiotypes.Design and MethodsUsing an age and gender restricted healthy human (male) population (n = 100), we attempt to analyse the dynamics of haemoglobin and red blood cells, with reference to age, height and weight of individuals. Using advanced generalised additive modelling and classical hierarchical structural analysis we aim to establish relationships between these parameters and human physiotypes.ResultsWe demonstrate that definitive relationships can be established for number of red blood cells, haemoglobin levels, RDW‐CV, RDW‐SD and weight, height and age of individuals.ConclusionThis study provides a proof of principle, that haematological parameters are dependent on physiotypic variation, within the normal ranges in a healthy population. It may also be noted that there is a definitive influence of height, weight and age on normal ranges and stratification by these factors might therefore make reference intervals narrower, in turn, possibly allowing more precise clinical decisions based on the complete blood count (CBC).
Monitoring Influenza C and D Viruses in Patients With Respiratory Diseases in Japan, January 2018 to March 2023
Authors: Shimizu Kohei , Kawakami Chiharu , Matsuzaki Yoko , Fujisaki Seiichiro , Nagata Shiho , Morita Hiroko , Watanabe Kayo , Miura Hideka , Momoki Tomoko , Saikusa Miwako , Ozawa Hiroki , Kumazaki Makoto , Usuku Shuzo , Tanaka Nobuko , Senda Ryuichi , Okubo Ichiro , Watanabe Shinji , Hasegawa Hideki , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Takashita Emi 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundInfluenza viruses can cause zoonotic infections that pose public health risks. Surveillance of influenza A and B viruses is conducted globally; however, information on influenza C and D viruses is limited. Longitudinal monitoring of influenza C virus in humans has been conducted in several countries, but there has been no long‐term monitoring of influenza D virus in humans. The public health risks associated with the influenza D virus therefore remain unknown.MethodsWe established a duplex real‐time RT‐PCR to detect influenza C and D viruses and analyzed respiratory specimens collected from 2144 patients in Japan with respiratory diseases between January 2018 and March 2023. We isolated viruses and conducted hemagglutination inhibition tests to examine antigenicity and focus reduction assays to determine susceptibility to the cap‐dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil.ResultsWe detected three influenza C viruses belonging to the C/Kanagawa‐ or C/Sao Paulo‐lineages, which recently circulated globally. None of the specimens was positive for the influenza D virus. The C/Yokohama/1/2022 strain, isolated from the specimen with the highest viral RNA load and belonging to the C/Kanagawa‐lineage, showed similar antigenicity to the reference C/Kanagawa‐lineage strain and was susceptible to baloxavir.ConclusionsOur duplex real‐time RT‐PCR is useful for the simultaneous detection of influenza C and D viruses from the same specimen. Adding the influenza D virus to the monitoring of the influenza C virus would help in assessing the public health risks posed by this virus.