bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective comparison of MRI‐US fused targeted biopsy versus systematic ultrasound‐guided biopsy for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer in patients on active surveillance
Authors: Da Rosa Michael R. , Milot Laurent , Sugar Linda , Vesprini Danny , Chung Hans , Loblaw Andrew , Pond Gregory R. , Klotz Laurence , Haider Masoom A. 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundIn active surveillance (AS) patients: (i) To compare the ability of a multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)‐ultrasound biopsy system to detect clinically significant (CS) prostate cancer with systematic 12‐core biopsy (R‐TRUSBx), and (ii) To assess the predictive value of mpMRI with biopsy as the reference standard.MethodsSeventy‐two men on AS prospectively underwent 3T mpMRI . MRI‐ultrasound fusion biopsy (UroNavBx) and R‐TRUSBx was performed. CS cancer was defined using two thresholds: 1) GS ≥ 7 (CS7) and 2) GS = 6 with >50% involvement (GS6). CS cancer detection rates and predictive values were determined.ResultsCS7 cancers were found in 19/72 (26%), 7 (37%) identified by UroNavBx alone, 2 (11%) by R‐TRUSBx alone (P = 0.182). UroNav targeted biopsy was 6.3× more likely to yield a core positive for CS7 cancer compared with R‐TRUSBx (25% of 141 versus 4% of 874, P < 0.001). Upgrading of GS occurred in 15/72 patients (21%), 13 (87%) detected by UroNavBx and 10 (67%) by R‐TRUSBx. The NPV of mpMRI for CS7 cancer was 100%. MRI suspicion level significantly predicted CS cancer on multivariate analysis (OR 3.6, P < 0.001).ConclusionUroNavBx detected CS cancer with far fewer cores compared with R‐TRUSBx, and mpMRI had a perfect negative predictive value in this population. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:220–225. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is “feeling good” good enough? Differentiating discrete positive emotions at work
Authors: Hu Xiaoxiao , Kaplan Seth 
Published: July 2014

SummaryOverwhelming evidence demonstrates the benefits of positive affect for various life and work outcomes. However, the relevant organizational research almost exclusively has focused on general positive affect, thereby implying that all positive affect has consistent and equal relationships with other work variables. The purposes of this theoretical paper are to review and highlight research from basic psychology demonstrating the unique nature and correlates of specific positive emotions and to translate those ideas and findings into the organizational context. Specifically, we discuss three discrete positive emotions—pride, interest, and gratitude—and offer propositions regarding their differential effects on relevant workplace outcomes and regarding the differential antecedents of them. Our hope is that this paper stimulates future research on this topic, and we offer specific research strategies and ideas to facilitate those endeavors. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationship between UVB and broadband solar radiation in Spain
Authors: Gandía S. , Utrillas M. P. , Gómez‐Amo J. L. , Esteve A. R. , Estellés V. , Pedrós R. , Núñez J. A. , Martínez Lozano J. A. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe daily values of UVB irradiation (290–315 nm), IUVB, and the broadband total irradiation (300–2800 nm), IT, measured on a horizontal plane have been correlated for the period 2000–2008 at 16 measurement sites in Spain. The results have been compared with the daily experimental values registered at the same sites during the period 2009–2011. The coefficients of determination R2 obtained by applying a linear regression are higher than 0.88 for all sites and increase to 0.94 when using a quadratic regression. When all data are considered together, the values of R2 are 0.91 and 0.97 for the linear and quadratic regressions, respectively. Three different clearness indices, which are dimensionless parameters, have been also used in order to reduce the uncertainties of the estimations and to reduce the local nature of the coefficients: (1) the UVB clearness index, kTUVB = IUVB/I0UVB; (2) the modified UVB clearness index, k′TUVB and (3) the estimated UVB clearness index, k*TUVB. The results show a strong dependence on the solar zenith angle. The bi‐dimensional regression of kTUVB as a function of the solar zenith angle and the clearness index, kT, substantially improves the correlation, with R2 values higher than 0.81 for all sites. Finally, a formula relating kTUVB and kT, valid for latitudes between 36°N and 44°N, has been obtained: kTUVB = 0.064 kT – 0.0011 θz – 1.24 E‐05 ϕ + 7.6 E‐05 λ + 0.063, where θz represents the solar zenith angle (in degrees), ϕ is the latitude (in degrees) of the site and λ is the distance to the sea (in km). We have compared the experimental values for the period 2009–2011 with those estimated using this expression. For this, the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.87, with a MBD of –3.4%, a RMSE of 21% and a NRMSE of 8.7%.
New evidence on the dimming/brightening phenomenon and decreasing diurnal temperature range in Iran (1961–2009)
Authors: Rahimzadeh Fatemeh , Sanchez‐Lorenzo Arturo , Hamedi Maryam , Kruk Michael C. , Wild Martin 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTFor a better understanding of multidecadal climate change, as well as for the production of solar power, there is a growing need for knowledge of the trends in incident sunlight at the Earth's surface, but a lack of a long‐term sunlight time series dictates that a proxy measure is needed. In this study, variations of sunshine duration and diurnal temperature range (DTR) are used as proxies for surface solar radiation. Annual and seasonal composites of both variables from 29 stations are analyzed from 1961 through 2009 across the different types of climates of Iran. The annual sunshine duration mean time series shows a decrease from the early 1960s to the late 1970s, in line with the widespread dimming of surface solar radiation observed during this period. By the early 1980s, there is an increase in sunshine through the end of the 20th century, aligning with a well‐known and well‐documented brightening period. In addition, a renewed dimming is observed during the 2000s, with a sharp drop in 2009. A linear trend estimated over the 1961–2009 period was not found to be statistically significant. However, the annual DTR time series shows a widespread and statistically significant decrease since the 1960s, although the series ends without relevant variations after the 1990s. An agreement in the interannual variability of sunshine and DTR is observed except for the summer season. On decadal time scales, only the spring DTR series shows a partial agreement with sunshine series. Nevertheless, the recent leveling off in the DTR series supports a transition in the radiative regime.
Understanding the Heterogeneity of Generation Y's Preferences for Travelling: a Conjoint Analysis Approach
Authors: Vukic Milena , Kuzmanovic Marija , Kostic Stankovic Milica 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe unique motives of young travellers make this market segment very important to the key objectives of the global tourism plan. Accordingly, it is important to understand better the main drivers that affect their choice of a tourism offer. This paper introduces conjoint analysis as an appropriate tool for evaluating the preferences of travellers. The survey was conducted on a sample of 514 respondents. To isolate homogeneous young traveller segments, preference‐based segmentation was performed on the conjoint data. Based on the study findings, a marketing strategy for each identified market segment is suggested. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tourism Demand Forecasting with Neural Network Models: Different Ways of Treating Information
Authors: Claveria Oscar , Monte Enric , Torra Salvador 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper aims to compare the performance of three different artificial neural network techniques for tourist demand forecasting: a multi‐layer perceptron, a radial basis function and an Elman network. We find that multi‐layer perceptron and radial basis function models outperform Elman networks. We repeated the experiment assuming different topologies regarding the number of lags used for concatenation so as to evaluate the effect of the memory on the forecasting results. We find that for higher memories, the forecasting performance obtained for longer horizons improves, suggesting the importance of increasing the dimensionality for long‐term forecasting. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Causal Maps and Indirect Influences Analysis in the Diagnosis of Second‐Home Tourism Impacts
Authors: García‐Andreu Hugo , Ortiz Guadalupe , Aledo Antonio 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes a method for diagnosing the impacts of second‐home tourism and illustrates it for a Mediterranean Spanish destination. This method proposes the application of network analysis software to the analysis of causal maps in order to create a causal network model based on stakeholder‐identified impacts. The main innovation is the analysis of indirect relations in causal maps for the identification of the most influential nodes in the model. The results show that the most influential nodes are of a political nature, which contradicts previous diagnoses identifying technical planning as the ultimate cause of problems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Steroids for treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Crane Ryan A. , Camilon Marc , Nguyen Shaun , Meyer Ted A. 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveTo systematically review the available evidence regarding steroid treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) and to update prior analyses when possible.Data SourcesOVID Medline.Review MethodsAn electronic database search (OVID Medline) was performed with the objective of identifying all randomized controlled trials examining the use of steroids for the treatment of SSHL. The search was limited to English‐language publications between January 1980 and June 2013. Reference lists were examined for additional articles.ResultsA total of 15 articles including 1,166 subjects were included in three separate analyses. Three articles (181 subjects) were included in the steroid versus placebo analysis, which resulted in an odds ratio of 1.52 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.83‐2.77). Six articles (702 subjects) were included in the systemic versus intratympanic steroids analysis, which resulted in an odds ratio of 1.14 (95% CI: 0.82‐1.59). Six articles (283 subjects) were included in the salvage treatment analysis, which resulted in an odds ratio of 6.04 (95% CI: 3.26‐11.2).ConclusionsA meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials does not support the use of steroids over placebo in this condition, a finding consistent with previous analyses. Although systemic or intratympanic steroid administration does not have a significant treatment effect, steroids for salvage treatment of patients failing traditional therapy appear to have an effect. However, this result should be interpreted with caution given the poor quality of component trials. Implications for clinical practice and future trial design are discussed.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:209–217, 2015
Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of pterostilbene in the rat
Authors: Azzolini Michele , La Spina Martina , Mattarei Andrea , Paradisi Cristina , Zoratti Mario , Biasutto Lucia 
Published: July 2014

ScopePterostilbene (Pt) is emerging as an important health‐promoting natural compound. Pharmacokinetic studies so far have focused on plasma levels, while Pt distribution in tissues is most relevant for biological action. This study determined tissue distribution of Pt and its major metabolite, pterostilbene‐4′‐sulfate (Pt‐S), in rats after oral administration.Methods and resultsUpon intravenous (iv) administration (88 μmol/kg), Pt was cleared from blood with a half‐life of 1.8 ± 0.3 h. Oral administration (same dose) resulted in moderate Pt bioavailability (∼35%) and in an increased abundance of Pt‐S in blood (AUCPt/AUCPt‐S ∼0.75 and ∼0.05 after iv or oral administration, respectively). Pt‐S was the major species in all organs except the brain, where intact Pt was predominant (AUCPt/AUCPt‐S ∼5). Both Pt and Pt‐S peaked in all tissues at approximately 2 h. The highest levels (∼200 nmoles/g for Pt‐S and 40 nmoles/g for Pt) were measured in the liver, the lowest (≤7 nmol/g) in skeletal muscles and testes.ConclusionAUCPt was ∼2‐ to ∼25‐fold higher in tissues than in blood; this may explain its bioactivity despite barely detectable blood levels. Of particular interest is the high fraction of nonmetabolized Pt in the brain, given the reports of its activity at the level of the central nervous system.
Christian Marriage, Money Scams, and Melanesian Social Imaginaries
Authors: Cox John , Macintyre Martha 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we draw on fieldwork with middle‐class investors in ‘fast money schemes’ (Ponzi scams) to consider how Neo‐Pentecostal Christianity may be mediating social and economic change in Papua New Guinea, particularly in relation to gender equality. Ideas of companionate marriage and the cultivation of an affective self imply masculinities that are more sensitive and less domineering. As these images of fulfilled modernity flow out from Pentecostal churches into broader Papua New Guinean society, they corroborate Taylor's theory of how change occurs within the modern social imaginary.
Naming, Mnemonics, and the Poetics of Knowing inVula'a Oral Traditions
Authors: Van Heekeren Deborah 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFor theVula'a people of south‐easternPapuaNewGuinea names are a way of knowing that is intimately linked to a particular mode of being. The ethnography ofVula'a naming practices presented here, and an analysis of their stories – traditionally known asrikwana –suggests that names are essential in the Heideggerian sense that they bring the past, present, and future into proximity and thus may be understood as a form of historicity. In certain contexts names are also powerful because they are implicated in the kinds of transformations commonly described by anthropologists as magical. Magical names link knowing and speaking with a vital aspect ofVula'a cosmo‐ontology known asiavu(heat).
Great Ancestral Women: Sexuality, Gendered Mobility, and HIV among the Bamu and Gogodala of Papua New Guinea
Authors: Wood Michael , Dundon Alison 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFaced with a potentially devastating epidemic of HIV/AIDS in Papua New Guinea (PNG), sexuality and mobility have become a focus of national research and prevention programs. In Gogodala and Bamu communities in the Western Province, gendered mobility and sexuality intersect with ancestral narratives that form part of a wider series of Hero Tales found in the southern regions of PNG and Irian Jaya. In this paper we highlight the way these stories detail the travels and activities of female ancestors – known as Sagalu among the Bamui and Sawiya among the Gogodala. We outline the way such ancestral figures are now linked to understandings of contemporary STIs such HIV/AIDS as well as gendered mobility and sexuality more generally. Among the Bamu such links are sometimes directly asserted, with Sagalu represented as the origin if not cause of a uniquely defined variant of HIV/AIDS. Among the Gogodala, however, HIV/AIDS is predominantly understood as something external to the Gogodala and unrelated to ancestors like Sawiya. To explain this difference we note that, historically, Gogodala women have been less mobile and less transactable than their Bamu counterparts who have continued to enact unique understandings of the intersection of heterosexual marriage, gendered mobility, and illness. We argue that the mobility and sexuality of gendered ancestors is salient to understanding these contemporary enactments and their potential implications in light of the HIV epidemic in PNG.
Exome sequencing for gene discovery in lethal fetal disorders – harnessing the value of extreme phenotypes
Authors: Filges Isabel , Friedman Jan M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMassively parallel sequencing has revolutionized our understanding of Mendelian disorders, and many novel genes have been discovered to cause disease phenotypes when mutant. At the same time, next‐generation sequencing approaches have enabled non‐invasive prenatal testing of free fetal DNA in maternal blood. However, little attention has been paid to using whole exome and genome sequencing strategies for gene identification in fetal disorders that are lethal in utero, because they can appear to be sporadic and Mendelian inheritance may be missed. We present challenges and advantages of applying next‐generation sequencing approaches to gene discovery in fetal malformation phenotypes and review recent successful discovery approaches. We discuss the implication and significance of recessive inheritance and cross‐species phenotyping in fetal lethal conditions. Whole exome sequencing can be used in individual families with undiagnosed lethal congenital anomaly syndromes to discover causal mutations, provided that prior to data analysis, the fetal phenotype can be correlated to a particular developmental pathway in embryogenesis. Cross‐species phenotyping allows providing further evidence for causality of discovered variants in genes involved in those extremely rare phenotypes and will increase our knowledge about normal and abnormal human developmental processes. Ultimately, families will benefit from the option of early prenatal diagnosis. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Free Movement? The Onward Migration of EU Citizens Born in Somalia, Iran, and Nigeria
Authors: Ahrens Jill , Kelly Melissa , Van Liempt Ilse 
Published: July 2014

AbstractResearch into the mobility of European Union (EU) citizens has contributed to a better understanding of the social effects of European integration. A growing body of literature highlights that naturalised third‐country nationals are also making use of their ‘freedom of movement’. This paper proposes a typology of ‘new EU citizens’ who onward migrate between member states. It draws on relevant statistics and qualitative empirical research carried out with Dutch‐Somalis, Swedish‐Iranians, and German‐Nigerians who relocated to the UK. In contrast to research with native‐born EU movers, our findings indicate that the majority of naturalised EU citizens onward migrated as a result of the discrimination and racism they experienced in their previous place of residence. In this paper, we conceptualise the interactions of integration and transnationalism as a potential trigger for onward migration. We illustrate how onward migrants are able to complete certain aspects of their integration process in a second member state. Moreover, we show how migrants maintain transnational ties across several destinations and therefore contribute to a broader understanding of transnationalism. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sense of Community Responsibility in Community Collaboratives: Advancing a Theory of Community as Resource and Responsibility
Authors: Nowell Branda , Boyd Neil M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper contributes to the growing body of scholarship aimed at advancing our understanding of the experience of community by empirically investigating sense of community responsibility (SOC‐R) in relation to traditional measures of sense of community (SOC) and indices of satisfaction, engagement, and leadership in interorganizational collaborative settings. Findings support the proposition that, although both are related to the experience of community, SOC and SOC‐R emphasize different aspects of that experience and operate under different theoretical mechanisms of influence. SOC emphasizes community as a resource which was found to be a more salient aspect in differentiating those who will be more or less satisfied with their experience. In addition, SOC was found to predict general participation in a community collaborative. SOC‐R emphasizes the experience of community as a responsibility which appears to be a stronger predictor in explaining higher order engagement requiring greater investment of time and resources. Even more importantly, this study indicates that SOC‐R is uniquely equipped to help us advance models of community leadership. As such, it represents an important contribution to expanding our understanding of the factors that drive members’ willingness to give of themselves toward collective aims.
A randomized trial of chewing gum to prevent postoperative ileus after laparotomy for benign gynecologic surgery
Authors: Jernigan Amelia M. , Chen Chi Chiung Grace , Sewell Catherine 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether chewing gum prevents postoperative ileus after laparotomy for benign gynecologic surgery.MethodsA randomized study was conducted from December 1, 2010, to February 29, 2012. Patients scheduled to undergo laparotomy were randomly assigned to receive chewing gum or routine care after surgery. A chart review was performed to establish incidence of nausea and vomiting, use of antiemetics, cases of postoperative ileus (≥ 2 episodes of emesis of 100 mL or more, with abdominal distention and absence of bowel sounds), and time to discharge. Inpatient surveys recorded the time to specific events.ResultsA total of 109 patients were randomly assigned to receive chewing gum (n = 51) or routine postoperative care (n = 58). Fewer participants assigned to receive chewing gum than routine care experienced postoperative nausea (16 [31.4%] versus 29 [50.0%]; P = 0.049) and postoperative ileus (0 vs 5 [8.6%]; P = 0.032). There were no differences in the need for postoperative antiemetics, episodes of postoperative vomiting, readmissions, repeat surgeries, time to first hunger, time to toleration of clear liquids, time to regular diet, time to first flatus, or time to discharge.ConclusionChewing gum after laparotomy for gynecologic surgery is safe and lowers the incidence of postoperative ileus and nausea.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01579175
Decentred autonomy and authenticity in Honneth
Authors: Wilhelm Dagmar 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAxel Honneth proposes a recognition theoretical approach to justice, where justice is a matter of the recognition of individuals in the three spheres of ethical life he identifies. The value of recognition is based on the value of ‘self-realization’. Given the intimate relation between self-realization on the one hand and autonomy and authenticity on the other, autonomy and authenticity also play an important normative role in Honneth’s recognition theoretical approach to justice. In this paper I will examine Honneth’s conceptions of autonomy and authenticity. I will argue that these conceptions manage to meet some of the descriptive challenges faced by recognition theories, but fail to provide recognition with the required normative underpinnings. In order to gain or retain normative force, Honneth needs to provide an account of ‘true self’ or objective human well-being, which in turn would fail to meet the descriptive challenge and move dangerously close to traditional theory.
Hegel and Kant on rational willing: The relevance of method
Authors: Stein Sebastian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHegel’s account of rational willing has recently been misrepresented by both critics and supporters who argue that the content of willing is externally received from history, social context, practices of recognition, etc. This contradicts the conceptual structure of Hegel’s notion of rational action as free individuality, according to which the difference between the willing subject and the content of willing is an internal relation of identity. Since this ‘difference within identity’ can only be grasped by speculative thinking and not through understanding and reflection, the interpreters can be charged with employing the wrong method. Although reliance on the speculative method opens Hegel to the charge of unintelligibility, it helps explain the frequent misrepresentations of his account of freedom and why methodologically uninformed comparisons between Hegel and other thinkers run the risk of being counterproductive.