bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing natural hydrogel for reconstruction of three‐dimensional lymphoid stromal network to model T‐cell interactions
Authors: Kim Jiwon , Wu Biming , Niedzielski Steven M. , Hill Matthew T. , Coleman Rhima M. , Ono Akira , Shikanov Ariella 
Published: February 2015

AbstractHydrogels have been used in regenerative medicine because they provide a three‐dimensional environment similar to soft tissues, allow diffusion of nutrients, present critical biological signals, and degrade via endogenous enzymatic mechanisms. Herein, we developedin vitrosystem mimicking cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). Existingin vitroculture systems cannot accurately represent the complex interactions happening between T‐cells and stromal cells in immune response. To model T‐cell interaction in SLOsin vitro, we encapsulated stromal cells in fibrin, collagen, or fibrin–collagen hydrogels and studied how different mechanical and biological properties affect stromal network formation. Overall, fibrin supplemented with aprotinin was superior to collagen and fibrin–collagen in terms of network formation and promotion of T‐cell penetration. After 8 days of culture, stromal networks formed through branching and joining with other adjacent cell populations. T‐cells added to the newly formed stromal networks migrated and attached to stromal cells, similar to the T‐cell zones of the lymph nodesin vivo. Our results suggest that the constructed three‐dimensional lymphoid stromal network can mimic thein vivoenvironment and allow the modeling of T‐cell interaction in SLOs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 2701–2710, 2015.
Research of electrosurgical unit with novel antiadhesion composite thin film for tumor ablation: Microstructural characteristics, thermal conduction properties, and biological behaviors
Authors: Shen Yun‐Dun , Lin Li‐Hsiang , Chiang Hsi‐Jen , Ou Keng‐Liang , Cheng Han‐Yi 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe objective of this study was to use surface functionalization to evaluate the antiadhesion property and thermal injury effects on the liver when using a novel electrosurgical unit with nanostructured‐doped diamond‐like carbon (DLC‐Cu) thin films for tumor ablations. The physical and chemical properties of DLC‐Cu thin films were characterized by contact angle goniometer, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope. Three‐dimensional (3D) hepatic models were reconstructed using magnetic resonance imaging to simulate a clinical electrosurgical operation. The results indicated a significant increase of the contact angle on the nanostructured DLC‐Cu thin films, and the antiadhesion properties were also observed in an animal model. Furthermore, the surgical temperature in the DLC‐Cu electrosurgical unit was found to be significantly lower than the untreated unit when analyzed using 3D models and thermal images. In addition, DLC‐Cu electrodes caused a relatively small injury area and lateral thermal effect. The results indicated that the nanostructured DLC‐Cu thin film coating reduced excessive thermal injury and tissue adherence effect in the liver. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 96–105, 2016.
Prolonged Exposure to Hypoxic Milieu Improves the Osteogenic Potential of Adipose Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Fotia Caterina , Massa Annamaria , Boriani Filippo , Baldini Nicola , Granchi Donatella 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTMesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been widely used in orthopedics for several applications. Conventionally, MSC are maintained under 21% O2 which does not reflect the real O2 tension in vivo. Recently, it was reported that different O2 conditions can give different cellular responses. Here, we investigated whether prolonged exposure to hypoxia affects the osteogenic differentiation of adipose‐derived stem cells (ASC). ASC from six individuals were cultured under “low” (2–3%) or “air” (21%) oxygen tensions, either without or with osteogenic stimuli. The effect of the O2 tension was evaluated on cell proliferation, surface antigens, stemness and bone‐related genes expression, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), mineralization activity, and release of osteogenic growth factors. Without differentiating stimuli, hypoxia favored ASC proliferation, reduced the number of CD184+ and CD34+ cells, and preserved the expression of NANOG and SOX2. The combination of hypoxia and osteogenic medium induced a high proliferation rate, a rapid and more pronounced mineralization activity, a higher expression of genes related to the MSC differentiation, a higher release of mitogenic growth factors (bFGF, PDGF‐BB), and the decrease in TGF‐β secretion, an inhibitor of the early stage of the osteoblast differentiation. We demonstrated that hypoxia acts dually, favoring ASC proliferation and the maintenance of the stemness in the absence of osteogenic stimuli, but inducing the differentiation in a bone‐like microenvironment. In conclusion, prolonged cell culture in hypoxic microenvironment represents a proper method to modulate the stem cell function that may be used in several applications, for example, studies on bone pathophysiology or bone‐tissue engineering. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1442–1453, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PTEN/Akt‐p27kip1 Signaling Promote the BM‐MSCs Senescence and Apoptosis in SLE Patients
Authors: Tan Wei , Gu Zhifeng , Shen Biyu , Jiang Jinxia , Meng Yan , Da Zhanyun , Liu Hong , Tao Tao , Cheng Chun 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTRecent studies showed that allogeneic bone marrow (BM)‐mesenchymal stem cells transplantation (MSCT) was effective in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and lupus‐prone mice. However, syngeneic BM‐MSCT was ineffective. Previous studies, including ours, revealed that BM‐MSCs from SLE patients exhibited early signs of senescence and apoptosis such as slow proliferation, increasing senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal)‐positive cells and Annexin V‐positive cells, and caspase cascade activation. The abnormalities of BM‐MSCs might be associated with the pathogenesis of SLE. In this study, we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of senescent BM‐MSCs from SLE patients. We found that the expression of protein 27 kinase inhibition protein 1(p27kip1) increased significantly, which was regulated by phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling in SLE BM‐MSCs. Knockdown of PTEN or p27kip1 could reverse the senescent features of BM‐MSCs via down‐regulating p27kip1 expression. When purified CD4+ T cells were incubated with PTEN or p27kip1‐silenced SLE BM‐MSCs, the ratio of regulatory T (Treg)/T helper type 17 (Th17) cells increased significantly by enhancing regulatory cytokines (IL‐10 and TGF‐β) and reducing pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐17 and IL‐6). Taken together, we demonstrated that PTEN/Akt signaling played an essential role in the senescent and apoptotic BM‐MSCs from SLE patients by up‐regulating p27kip1 expression. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1583–1594, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Novel Anti‐Cancer Agent, 1‐(3,5‐Dimethoxyphenyl)‐4‐[(6‐Fluoro‐2‐Methoxyquinoxalin‐3‐yl)Aminocarbonyl] Piperazine (RX‐5902), Interferes With β‐Catenin Function Through Y593 Phospho‐p68 RNA Helicase
Authors: Kost Gina Chun , Yang Mi Young , Li Liangwei , Zhang Yinwei , Liu Chia‐yi , Kim Deog Joong , Ahn Chang‐Ho , Lee Young Bok , Liu Zhi‐Ren 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT1‐(3,5‐Dimethoxyphenyl)‐4‐[(6‐fluoro‐2‐methoxyquinoxalin‐3‐yl)aminocarbonyl] piperazine (RX‐5902) exhibits strong growth inhibition in various human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging between 10 and 20 nM. In this study, we demonstrate that p68 RNA helicase is a cellular target of RX‐5902 by the drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) method, and confirmed the direct binding of 3H‐labeled RX‐5902 to Y593 phospho‐p68 RNA helicase. We further demonstrated RX‐5902 inhibited the β‐catenin dependent ATPase activity of p68 RNA helicase in an in vitro system. Furthermore, we showed that treatment of cancer cells with RX‐5902 resulted in the downregulation of the expression of certain genes, which are known to be regulated by the β‐catenin pathway, such as c‐Myc, cyclin D1 and p‐c‐Jun. Therefore, our study indicates that the inhibition of Y593 phospho‐p68 helicase ‐ β‐catenin interaction by direct binding of RX‐5902 to Y593 phospho‐p68 RNA helicase may contribute to the anti‐cancer activity of this compound. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1595–1601, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Upregulation of MicroRNA‐126 Contributes to Endothelial Progenitor Cell Function in Deep Vein Thrombosis via Its Target PIK3R2
Authors: Meng Qingyou , Wang Wenbin , Yu Xiaobin , Li Wendong , Kong Lingshang , Qian Aimin , Li Chenglong , Li Xiaoqiang 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication of surgery. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited into resolving venous thrombi. In this report, we investigated the effects of miR‐126 on EPCs function and venous thrombus resolution. We demonstrated that overexpression of miR‐126 enhanced EPCs' migration and tubulogenic activity in vitro, and promoted EPCs' homing and thrombus resolving in vivo. Moreover, we identified that miR‐126 directly targeted PIK3R2 and affected PI3K/Akt signaling axis. Overall, our findings demonstrated that miR‐126 promoted EPCs function through suppressing PIK3R2 expression and modulation of miR‐126 may represent a potential therapeutic intervention for treating DVT. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1613–1623, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Control of the pretilt angle for liquid crystal alignment using novel electrospray deposition methods with two capillaries
Authors: Kudoh Yukihiro , Uchida Yuta , Takahashi Taiju 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe electrospray deposition (ESD) method is an established film‐forming technique. To control the pretilt angle on films, we developed two novel ESD methods for spraying two kinds of solutions containing alignment materials. One method is a simultaneous spraying method, while the other is a time‐divided spraying method. When we used the simultaneous‐spraying ESD method, we observed numerous fine liquid crystal (LC) domains with a diameter of approximately 10 µm in the LC cell. These LC domains were substantially smaller than those of LCs fabricated using the conventional ESD method. However, the pretilt angle could not be controlled over a wide range because multiple parameters could not be simultaneously controlled to achieve a stable spray. Using the time‐division ESD method, we controlled the pretilt angle over a wide range from 5° to 40°, with tiny domains. As a demonstration, we fabricated a 270° super‐twisted nematic mode cell using this method.
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube dependence following chemoradiation in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Pohar Surjeet , Demarcantonio Michael , Whiting Phillip , Crandley Edwin , Wadsworth John , Karakla Daniel 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisCompare long‐term percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube dependence, stricture rate, and weight loss in patients receiving a prophylactic gastrostomy tube with those who initially rely on oral intake during chemoradiation for head and neck cancer. Also, to determine what other patient and treatment characteristics influence development of long‐term severe dysphagia.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsSeventy‐nine patients received a PEG tube and 25 did not. The prophylactic and initial oral intake groups were then analyzed to assess the primary outcomes of PEG dependence at last follow‐up >1 year.ResultsOn univariate and multivariate analysis, Zubrod score >1, prophylactic PEG placement, and higher T classification were predicted for PEG tube dependence at last follow‐up at least 1 year after treatment.ConclusionsProphylactic PEG tube, high Zubrod score, and high T stage were independent predictors for PEG tube dependence at least 1 year after treatment in patients with head and neck cancer receiving definitive chemoradiation.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 125:1366–1371, 2015
Impact of facial defect reconstruction on attractiveness and negative facial perception
Authors: Dey Jacob K. , Ishii Masaru , Boahene Kofi D. O. , Byrne Patrick , Ishii Lisa E. 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisMeasure the impact of facial defect reconstruction on observer‐graded attractiveness and negative facial perception.Study DesignProspective, randomized, controlled experiment.MethodsOne hundred twenty casual observers viewed images of faces with defects of varying sizes and locations before and after reconstruction as well as normal comparison faces. Observers rated attractiveness, defect severity, and how disfiguring, bothersome, and important to repair they considered each face.ResultsFacial defects decreased attractiveness −2.26 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.45, −2.08) on a 10‐point scale. Mixed effects linear regression showed this attractiveness penalty varied with defect size and location, with large and central defects generating the greatest penalty. Reconstructive surgery increased attractiveness 1.33 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.47), an improvement dependent upon size and location, restoring some defect categories to near normal ranges of attractiveness. Iterated principal factor analysis indicated the disfiguring, important to repair, bothersome, and severity variables were highly correlated and measured a common domain; thus, they were combined to create the disfigured, important to repair, bothersome, severity (DIBS) factor score, representing negative facial perception. The DIBS regression showed defect faces have a 1.5 standard deviation increase in negative perception (DIBS: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.61, 1.77) compared to normal faces, which decreased by a similar magnitude after surgery (DIBS: −1.44, 95% CI: −1.49, −1.38). These findings varied with defect size and location.ConclusionsSurgical reconstruction of facial defects increased attractiveness and decreased negative social facial perception, an impact that varied with defect size and location. These new social perception data add to the evidence base demonstrating the value of high‐quality reconstructive surgery.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:1316–1321, 2015
Discontinuing routine histopathological analysis after adult tonsillectomy for benign indication
Authors: Chow Winsion , Rotenberg Brian W. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveThis study examines the rate of occult malignancy in routine histopathological analysis of tonsillectomy specimens from benign surgical cases in adults.Study DesignRetrospective data review.Methods181 consecutive charts of tonsillectomies performed for benign indications between March 2007 and March 2014 were reviewed. Data on age, indications for surgery, preoperative and intraoperative clinical findings, and final pathology results were collected. A literature review of studies examining the rate of occult malignancy in tonsillectomy specimens was also performed, and the combined data was pooled. The financial impact of routine tonsil pathological analysis was determined.ResultsIn 181 patients, there was one case of occult malignancy. After study inclusion and exclusion criteria were met, a review of the literature yielded 3,724 pooled tonsillectomy cases, with no case of unsuspected occult malignancy reported in the literature. The number needed to screen combining our series with the reported literature was 3,904. The financial impact of routine histopathological analysis at our institution was determined to be CAD $3308 per year.ConclusionRoutine pathological analysis of tonsil specimens recovered from surgery performed for benign indications, in the absence of any suspicion preoperatively for malignancy, is not supported by current evidence and is not financially sound. Modern evidence does not support the need for even gross specimen analysis in these cases.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:1595–1599, 2015
Bone regeneration after sinonasal mucocele marsupialization: What really happens over time?
Authors: Terranova Paola , Karligkiotis Apostolos , Digilio Elena , Basilico Francesca , Bernardini Elena , Pistochini Andrea , Bignami Maurizio , Castelnuovo Paolo 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the necessity of reconstructing the eroded bony boundaries after mucocele marsupialization when the mucoperiosteum has been spared.Study DesignRetrospective review of 308 patients treated for a sinonasal mucocele. Of these, 116 showed areas of bone reabsorption in their preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan.MethodsOf 116 patients showing one or more areas of bone reabsorption who underwent marsupialization of the mucocele, whether using a purely endonasal endoscopic approach or a combined approach, the common factor was that the mucoperiosteum of the paranasal sinus had always been spared and the eroded bone had never been reconstructed. After rigorous selection, 12 adult patients were enrolled to undergo a postoperative CT scan in order to verify what had happened to the eroded bone at least 3 years following the surgical marsupialization of the mucocele.ResultsIn 66,6% of patients, the postoperative CT scan showed complete self‐reconstruction of bone that had previously been eroded by the mucocele. No enophthalmus, meningocele, or other facial deformities were noted in our selection group, despite not having undergone surgical reconstruction of the bone.ConclusionsEven taking into account the small number of patients enrolled in the present study, indications are that there is no need to reconstruct the eroded bone, as would appear from our results that sparing the mucoperiosteum is enough to enable the bone to regenerate. Nevertheless, larger scale studies of the subject are merited.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:1568–1572, 2015
Impact and cost of care of venous thromboembolism following pituitary surgery
Authors: Spinazzi Eleonora F. , Pines Morgan J. , Fang Christina H. , Raikundalia Milap D. , Baredes Soly , Liu James K. , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisIn 2008, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services discontinued reimbursement for postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) events such as deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, citing them as preventable postoperative complications. We examined the impact of postoperative VTE on patients undergoing pituitary surgery.MethodsThe Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) was evaluated for patients undergoing pituitary resection from 2002 to 2010. Patient demographics, comorbidities, length of stay, hospital charges, and postoperative complications were analyzed.ResultsEighty‐seven patients who underwent pituitary surgery developed a VTE. Patients who underwent pituitary surgery that developed VTE were older (55.9 ± 15.2 years) than those who did not develop VTE (50.1 ± 17.2 years) (P = 0.002). VTE occurred at a significantly higher rate in patients with coagulopathy, peripheral vascular disorder, and weight loss (P < 0.05). VTE was associated with increased rates of postoperative neurological, pulmonary, cardiac, urinary, renal, hemorrhage, fluid and electrolytes, diabetes insipidus, and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea complications (P < 0.01)—as well as increased mortality rate (P < 0.001), length of stay (P < 0.001), and cost of care (P < 0.001).ConclusionsAnalysis of the data from the NIS database showed that risk factors for the development of VTE following pituitary surgery include older age, preexisting coagulopathy, peripheral vascular disorder, and weight loss. Patients who developed postoperative VTE had a longer length of hospital stay, higher hospital charges, and increased morbidity and mortality.Level of Evidence2C. Laryngoscope, 125:1563–1567, 2015
The clinical efficacy of surgical interventions for empty nose syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: Leong Samuel C. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the outcomes of surgical intervention for empty nose syndrome (ENS).Data SourceCochrane Collaboration database, U.S National Institutes of Health database (ClinicalTrials), U.S National Library of Medicine (PubMed).Review MethodsStructured search using medical subject‐heading terms: nose, turbinate, surgery, atrophic rhinitis, and empty nose syndrome.ResultsA total of 128 patients were collated from eight studies with an age range of 18 to 64 years. Most patients had been suffering with ENS for many years, up to 29.7 years. The most common surgical technique involved a transnasal approach with implant material secured within a submucosal pocket. Common implant material used in the studies included biosynthetic, and autologous cartilage. The weighted mean preoperative Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)−20 and SNOT‐25 scores were 48.3 and 65.9, respectively. At latest follow‐up, these scores improved significantly to 24.4 and 33.3, respectively. Although all SNOT subdomains improved following surgery, the highest improvement was observed in ENS symptoms and psychological issues. SNOT scores improved by 3 months postsurgery and this trend continued over time, although available data was limited to only 12 months follow‐up. Nevertheless, 10 patients had less than 10 points improvement, including three patients who had no change in SNOT scores. Extrusion of the implant occurred in six cases, and one developed chronic rhinosinusitis.ConclusionSurgical intervention for ENS appears to result in clinical improvement, although not all patients derived benefit. Long‐term follow‐up should be considered utilizing using both subjective (SNOT‐25) and objective (rhinomanometry) measures of clinical outcome. Laryngoscope, 125:1557–1562, 2015
Neurogenic cough
Authors: Altman Kenneth W. , Noordzij J. Pieter , Rosen Clark A. , Cohen Seth , Sulica Lucian 
Published: February 2015

We review contemporary concepts of the pathophysiology of neurogenic cough, and its evaluation and treatment based on scientific publications addressing neurogenic cough. Neurogenic cough is thought to be the result of sensory neuropathy, most commonly idiopathic. Because it is principally a sensory phenomenon, clinical evaluation is challenging, the diagnosis most often being made by exclusion. Identification of motor paresis, either by laryngoscopy or laryngeal electromyography, may suggest the presence of sensory neuropathy. The utility of amitriptyline and gabapentin has been demonstrated in randomized clinical trials, and retrospective series and case reports have suggested efficacy of pregabalin, baclofen, and botulinum toxin. Sensory neuropathy appears to be an important cause of chronic refractory cough, and appears amenable to treatment with a variety of pharmacologic agents.Laryngoscope, 125:1675–1681, 2015