bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Higher Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels will harm Bone Mineral Density ?: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Xu Bingcheng , Li Qiai , Luo Bo , Liu Hao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: Vitamin D has long been acknowledged as vital in preventing and managing osteoporosis. However, there is controversy over which vitamin D supplementation strategies are best for maintaining optimal bone mineral density levels for adults. This study aimed to determine the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and total bone mineral density.
Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011 to 2008 cycles. The primary exposures were 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Bone Mineral Density. A multivariable logistic regression approach was used to model and adjust the variables relevant to the associations.
Results: There is a U-shaped association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and bone mineral density among adults, and the concentration of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 81.1 nmol/L. Among males, those below 84.5 nmol/L showed a significant positive association (p= 0.0012), whereas above this threshold, the association was non-significant and slightly negative (p=0.0001). For females, those below 31.4 nmol/L exhibited a significant positive association (p=0.0034), whereas above this threshold, the association remained positive but weaker and marginally significant (p= 0.0002).
Conclusions: The optimal 25-hydroxyvitamin D level for adult males is 84.5 nmol/L. Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are not conducive to increased bone mineral density for males. For adult females, setting the threshold for vitamin D deficiency above 31.4 nmol/L is crucial, as higher levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are more beneficial for increasing bone density.
Optimizing the Performance, Safety, and Efficiency: Dimethoxy Ethane-Based Electrolytes Revolutionize Sodium-Ion Battery Technology
Authors: Venkateswarlu Manohar Chinnareddy , Majumder Mandira , Kommu Parameshwar , Medabalmi Veerababu , Vadivel Selvamani , Balusamy Santhosh , Godi Mahesh , Bellie Hariprakash 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Dimethoxy Ethane (DME)-based electrolytes have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) electrolytes in sodium-ion battery (SIB) technology, offering superior safety profiles without compromising performance or efficiency. In this research article, we investigate the optimization of SIB performance, safety, and efficiency through the utilization of DME-based electrolytes supplemented with additives. Our study focuses on enhancing the performance of NVPF/HC full cells by incorporating additives into a base electrolyte of 1 M NaPF6 in DME. Electrochemical evaluations of these cells demonstrate significant improvements in key performance metrics, including capacity retention, cycling stability, and rate capability. The NVPF/Hard carbon cell with 1 M NaPF6 in DME showed 92.6% of Initial Coulombic Efficiency (ICE for the NVPF half-cell and 87.69% for the Hard carbon half-cell. The cyclic stability for both the NVPF and hard carbon half-cells are 94% when cycled at 1C-2C rate for 100 cycles. For the full cell with NVPF cathode and hard carbon anode the ICE was 78.5% with cyclic stability of 92% when cycled for 200 cycles at 1C-2C rate. Overall, this research highlights the transformative potential of DME-based electrolytes and additive formulations in revolutionizing SIB technology, offering a pathway towards safer, more efficient, and more reliable energy storage solutions for a wide range of applications.
Enhanced dynamicity: evolutionary insights into amphibian mitogenomes architecture
Authors: Xiao Yi , Niu Gengyun , Shi Haihe , Wang Zhenyu , Du Renzeng , Li Yankuo , Wei Meicai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Mitogenomes are known for their structural dynamics and the complexity of their rearrangement patterns. However, their utility in metazoan comparative biology has not been fully exploited. Vertebrate mitogenomes are now sufficiently representative to allow the development of more advanced methods for comparing genome architecture. Furthermore, the relatively robust phylogeny of vertebrates at higher taxonomic ranks allows us to infer the patterns of genome evolution accordingly. In this study, using amphibians as an example, we performed data cleaning and manual annotation on 1777 samples from the NCBI and identified 88 rearrangement types, most of which were clade specific. In addition, we quantified genomic changes in an evolutionary framework and obtained stepwise growth curves of the architectural changes. This study provides new perspectives for understanding the evolution of the mitogenomes in amphibians and is expected to facilitate the qualitative and quantitative development of mitogenomes research.
Improved Energy Management Strategy Using Adaptive PI Controller for FuelCell-Supercapacitor-Battery Hybrid Tramways
Authors: Briber Faical , Rezzak Daoud , Boudjerda Nasserdine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper presents an enhanced Energy Management Strategy for a hybrid (FuelCell-Supercapacitor-Battery) tramway, using an adaptive Proportional-Integral(PI) controller. The main objectives are: i) prevent sudden changes in the fuel cellcurrent to prolong its lifespan; ii) effectively track the power requirements of thetramway under both steady-state and transient conditions; iii) regulate the DCbus voltage at a predefined reference; and iv) achieve robust control of the hybridpower source. The development of the proposed Energy Management Strategywas conducted through two stages: first, using cascaded PI controllers to evaluatecontrol performance based on the Turkish Driving Cycle of the LF-LRV tramway;and second, integrating the adaptive PI controller into the inner control loop ofthe DC bus voltage. The adaptive PI controller outperforms the conventional PIcontroller by significantly reducing chattering and transient peaks of the DC busvoltage by 77%. Furthermore, the adaptive PI controller responds robustly toparameter variations of Cbus, ensuring steady DC bus voltage clear of chatteringor disturbance. These improvements enhance the overall control performance,thereby advancing the sustainability of fuel cell-based tramways and promotingenvironmentally friendly urban transportation.
Network pharmacology and experimental methods to explore the mechanism of Guizhi Fuling capsule in overcoming cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Dou Lei , Deng Lei , Lu Enting , Li Fangmei , Zhang Rongjin , Meng Fanyi , Chen Xinyang , Li Yin , Zhang Yi , Sun Ye 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant tumor, and its incidence ranks high among female malignant tumors. Based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis, the mechanism of GFC in the treatment of ovarian cancer was explored by in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Methods: Firstly, the common target genes of ovarian cancer and the effective chemical components of GFC were screened, and network pharmacology was used to identify the potential targets of GFC in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Then, the prediction results of network pharmacology were verified by cell and animal experiments. Finally, the use of LC-MS/MS of GFC representative compounds and the main effective component is analyzed.
Results: Effective chemical components of GFC can target 265 potential sites in ovarian cancer. Gene enrichment analysis has revealed that the dysregulation of glycolysis metabolism and its associated pathways are promising targets for treating ovarian cancer. Experimental results have demonstrated that cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer is correlated with elevated glycolysis levels. When combined with cisplatin, GFC consistently suppresses glycolysis levels and the activity of its regulatory enzymes in A2780/DDP cells, while initially increasing and subsequently decreasing oxidative phosphorylation levels. Oxidative phosphorylation of ATP activating ROS caused mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis. Animal studies have further confirmed that the combination treatment of GFC and cisplatin effectively inhibits tumor growth, as well as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in mice.
Conclusions: GFC combined with cisplatin can rebalance energy metabolism and promote the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells.
Distribution and Utilization pattern of wild and domesticated Musa spp. by Khamti tribe of Namsai district in Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Songthing Walung , Pangging Govinda 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The study was done to document the distribution and utilization pattern of wild and domesticated Musa spp. by the Khamti tribe of Namsai district, Arunachal Pradesh. This study was conducted from January to June 2023 through a questionnaire survey and informal interviews with 55 respondents from the Khamti tribe. In this study, 10 Musa spp. were reported from the Namsai district. Of these 7 were wild Musa spp. namely M. balbisiana, M. flaviflora, M. itinerens, M. markkuana, M. siangensis, M. velutina and one unknown Musa spp. M1 and 3 cultivated Musa sp. Jahaji, chinikol, sabji-kol. Khampti tribe utilized Musa spp. in 8 use categories for their various socio-cultural purposes such as ceremonies and rituals (CNR), commercial uses (COM), construction (CON), edible (EDB), livestock feed (FED), traditional medicine (MED), packing (PAC) and others (OTH). The highest use percentage was found in the edible (EDB) and commercial (COM) use categories with 26% each, followed by ceremonies and rituals (15%), others (11%), etc. Among the plant parts, fruits and inflorescences had the highest utilization (21% each), followed by leaf and pseudo stem (16% each), etc. Among all Musa spp., M.balbisiana had the highest number of plant parts utilized i.e. 7 followed by M.itinerans.
Comparative Efficacy of Intrathecal Morphine and Adductor Canal Block in the Knee Arthroplasty Population: A Retrospective Multi-Centre Cohort Study
Authors: Brown Brigid , Cheok Tim Soon , Worsley David , Kroon Hidde M. , Davis Nathan , Jaarsma Ruurd L. , Doornberg Job , Lin D-Yin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Finding the balance of good postoperative analgesia while facilitating mobility is important for a safe and satisfactory patient experience during Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). This retrospective study evaluated different anaesthetic techniques in patients undergoing TKA to assess postoperative pain scores, time to mobilisation, and length of hospital stay.
Methods
1006 consecutive patients undergoing elective TKA across two large tertiary centres were included over six years. There were divided into one of four groups according to the type of analgesia received: Group N patients received no neuraxial morphine or regional block, Group B patients received adductor canal block (ACB) only, Group M patients received intrathecal morphine (ITM) but no regional block, and Group BM were patients who received both ACB and ITM.
Results
Patients who received an ACB mobilised earlier compared to patients without a block (p < 0.001). Patients in Group BM had the lowest pain scores at rest and with movement, while Group B patients experienced the highest pain scores at rest and on movement (p = 0.005). Patients who received ITM had the lowest opioid requirements (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between groups in requirement for rescue pain management strategies (p = 0.06).
Conclusions
The combination of ITM and ACB in patients undergoing TKA provides improved postoperative analgesia with lower postoperative opioid requirement and earlier mobilisation compared with ACB or ITM alone.
Interparticle Distance-Driven Diffusion Field Transforming Selectivity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Peng Feng , Yang Guangxing , Chen Jie , Liu Dongqin , Yuan Jiayu , Wu Zenan , Liu Zhiting , Zhang Qiao , Yu Hao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on platinum (Pt) electrodes in acidic electrolytes can occur via two pathways, with the four-electron (4e−) pathway predominantly prevailing. However, the research on the fundamental reasons for the switching of reaction pathways has largely focused on structure-activity relationships, while neglecting the impact of mass transport. The influence of macroscopic mass transport from the bulk to the diffusion layer has been studied by controlling the rotating speed. However, regulating mesoscopic transport by altering macroscopic hydrodynamics remains challenging. In this study, we varied the loading of Pt nanoparticles to produce Pt with nearly identical physicochemical properties but differing interparticle distances. Increasing the interparticle distance from 58.6 nm to 117.0 nm significantly enhanced the selectivity towards H2O2 in an acidic environment, with the selectivity increasing from 4.6% to 81.5%. Utilizing electrochemical im-pedance spectroscopy, we demonstrate that interparticle distance modulates the O2 diffusion field around Pt nanoparticles, consequently affecting H2O2 adsorption and determining the electron transfer numbers of the ORR. Our findings highlight that mesoscopic mass transport influences not only the total current but also the reaction pathways. These results emphasize the importance of the spatial distribution density of nanoparticles in regulating mesoscopic mass transport, thereby controlling the adsorption of intermediates and enhancing electrocatalytic performance.
Screening the Global Health Priority Box Against Plasmodium berghei Liver Stage Parasites Using an Inexpensive Luciferase Detection Protocol
Authors: Nguyen Gia-Bao , Cooper Caitlin A. , McWhorter Olivia , Sharma Ritu , Elliot Anne , Ruberto Anthony , Cury Rafael , Pathak Ashutosh K. , Kyle Dennis E. , Maher Steven P. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Malaria, a disease caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium, continues to impact many regions globally. The rise in resistance to artemisinin-based antimalarial drugs highlights the need for new treatments. Ideally, new antimalarials will kill the asymptomatic liver stages as well as the symptomatic blood stages. While blood stage screening assays are routine and efficient, liver stage screening assays are more complex and costly. To decrease the cost of liver stage screening we utilized a previously reported luciferase detection protocol requiring only common laboratory reagents and adapted this protocol for testing against luciferase-expressing Plasmodium berghei liver stage parasites.
Methods
After optimizing cell lysis conditions, the concentration of reagents, and the density of host hepatocytes (HepG2), we validated the protocol with 28 legacy antimalarials show this simple protocol produces a stable signal useful for obtaining quality small molecule potency data similar to that obtained from a high-content imaging endpoint. We then use the protocol to screen the Global Health Priority Box (GHPB) and confirm the potency of hits in dose-response assays. Selectivity was determined using a galactose-based, 72 hr HepG2 assay to avoid missing mitochondrial-toxic compounds due to the Crabtree effect. Receiver-operator characteristic plots were used to retroactively characterize the screens’ predictive value.
Results
Optimal luciferase signal was achieved using a lower HepG2 seed density (5 x 103 cells/well of a 384-well plate) compared to many previously-reported luciferase-based screens. While producing lower RLU’s compared to a commercial alternative, our luciferase detection method was found much more stable, with a > 3 hr half-life, and robust enough for producing dose-response plots with as few as 500 sporozoites/well. Our screen of the GHPB resulted in 9 hits with selective activity against P. berghei liver schizonts, including MMV674132 which exhibited 30.2 nM potency. Retrospective analyses show excellent predictive value for both antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity.
Conclusions
We project this method is suitable for high-throughput screening at a cost 20-fold less than using commercial luciferase detection kits, thereby enabling larger liver stage antimalarial screens and hit optimization make-test cycles. Further optimization of the hits detected using this protocol is ongoing.
An Altmetric Analysis of the Research Literature About Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine
Authors: Ng Jeremy Y. , Judge Alep , Cramer Holger 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) is known to be popular worldwide; there have been over 200 000 research articles published on this topic as of 2024. For decades, traditional citation-based metrics have been the assumed norm when assessing the impact of research, but in the digital age, alternative metrics (altmetrics) have also become a valuable proxy. By analyzing trends associated with the altmetrics of scholarly outputs relating to TCIM, patterns of social engagement were identified to obtain a better understanding of the factors that drive social impact in this field online.
Methods
This study was conducted using Altmetric.com, whereby this database was searched by the subject area “Traditional, Complementary and Integrative Medicine”. The subsequent data obtained was further analyzed to discern social trends within TCIM scholarly outputs at the article level.
Results
Outputs from the Journal of Natural Products were mentioned the most frequently online (n = 5314, 10.56%). The highest average Altmetric attention scores were associated with news outputs (M = 203.67), and outputs published under a bronze OA type (M = 17.54). The most mentions were contributed by X (n = 350 630, 70.41%), Facebook (n = 57 540, 11.55%), and news outlets (n = 39 941, 8.02%).
Conclusions
Implementing the characteristics associated with increased online attention reported in this study and sharing research findings to identified popular online channels may help align dissemination efforts with public interests to increase the visibility of TCIM research online, ultimately shortening the gap between research and policy.
Prevalence and Correlates of Academic Stress, Anxiety and Depression Among Medical Students in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria
Authors: FARRAU USMAN , TANKO YUSUF , DAWUD FATIMA ALHASSAN , ISA AHMED SHERIF , DANJUMA NUHU MOHAMMED , YUSHA'U YUSUF , JAAFAR ALIYU , DUBO AUGUSTINE BANLIBO 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the prevalence of academic stress (and associated stressors), anxiety and depression among year two medical students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. Depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 (DASS-21) and medical stressor questionnaire (MSSQ) were filled out by 188 randomly selected participants after obtaining their agreement and written consent to participate. Preliminary reliability tests on the two instruments were conducted using a few (35) subjects before the main data collection. The reliability tests revealed strong internal consistencies of the two instruments, with overall Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.937 for DASS-21 and 0.929 for MSSQ. Mean levels of stress, anxiety and depression were found to be normal, moderate and normal, respectively. Significant and strong positive correlations between stress, anxiety and depression levels were observed. The prevalences of the conditions were found to be relatively high: 39.4% for stress, 68.1% for anxiety and 47.3% for depression at various degrees. However, the prevalences of severe to extremely severe levels of the conditions were relatively low for stress (6.9%) and depression (6.9%), and moderate for anxiety (33%). Academic-related stressors were the leading contributors to stress among the participants, with 46.8% perceiving high stress from this category of stressors. The findings of this study indicate a relatively high prevalence rate of stress, anxiety and depression among the participants, while framing a critical view of the academic environment’s impact on medical students' mental health, and underscore the importance of proactive measures to support the well-being of this population.
Ecosystem carbon storage, allocationsand carbon credit values of major forest types in the central Himalaya
Authors: Joshi Rajendra Kumar , Garkoti Satish Chandra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The Himalayan forests are a crucial global carbon reservoir contributing significantly to carbon mitigation efforts. Although situated within a singular climatic zone, Himalayan forests display diverse forest types within a short distance due to variations in altitudes, mountain ranges, slopes, and aspects. This study aimed to estimate ecosystem carbon storage (comprising plant biomass, deadwood, litter, and soil organic carbon (SOC), allocation, evaluate carbon sequestration and carbon credit potential in chir-pine (Pinus roxburghii Sarg.), deodar (Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G.Don), oak (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus), and sal (Shorea robusta (Roth) forests in the central Himalaya. Volumetric equations were utilised across diverse tree species and supplemented by field sampling, particularly employing the quadrat method to quantify tree biomass. The carbon stocks within ecosystems varied considerably, ranging between 122.44 and 306.44 Mg C ha-1, with discernible differences among forest types, with oak forests exhibiting the highest carbon stock, followed by deodar and sal forests, and pine forests showing the lowest. The allocation of ecosystem carbon stocks among different components, including tree (21–34%), soil (64–77%), deadwood (0.9–0.35%), and litter (0.46–1.20%), demonstrated significant variability. The Mantel test revealed the significant influence of environmental factors on carbon storage. Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration ranged from 448.98 (pine forest) to 1123.16 (oak forest) Mg CO2 ha−1, while carbon credit values ranged from 1346.96 EUR ha-1 (pine forests) to 3379.49 EUR ha-1 (oak forest). In the study, dominant trees in various forest types contribute to higher carbon storage in their biomass and forest soil, resulting in greater carbon credits. Present research evaluates the ecosystem carbon storage, CO2 sequestration potential, and carbon credit valuation for major forests in the central Himalaya. By incorporating these findings into forest management plans and strategies, the carbon sequestration potential and carbon trading of the central Himalayan forest ecosystem in India can be enhanced.