bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior and damage potential of the newly emerged pest Myochrous armatus (Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae) on soybean plants in Brazil
Authors: Perini Clerison Regis , Pinheiro Jardel Silva , Rodrigues Agostinho Salgado , Grusler Patrick Luiz , Machado Dayanna do Nascimento 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMyochrous armatus Baly, 1865 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) has expanded its occurrence significantly into soybean‐growing areas of Brazilian Cerrado and became an important early‐season soil pest. Experiments were performed under field conditions from 2020 to 2023 to assess several aspects: (1) population behaviour over crop season and offseason; (2) day/night behaviour during the early stages of soybean plants and (3) injury to plants and potential damage to soybean yield to establish the Economic Injury Level (EIL). Adults of the M. armatus population presented a season‐long abundance during the specific period from late October to January, with major captures in November and December (end of Spring), either inside or on the edge of soybean fields. Weeds and volunteer plants of corn and cotton hosts adults and eggs. These findings suggest an univoltine life cycle. Behavioural assessments revealed that M. armatus does not exhibit a specific day, night or crepuscular behaviour, performing deeds at any time. The majority of insects (40% to 70%) were found in the soil throughout the day and night. Adults feed on soybean plants by scraping or cutting the stem, cotyledon, petiole and apical sprouting. Their preference is initially for the stem and cotyledon (up to 14 days after emergence), and later for the petiole (after 21 days of emergence). After 7 days of coexistence at V1‐V3 soybean stages, we observed a potential yield reduction of 35% for each insect per plant. Dynamic EIL estimations are between 0.4 and 1.9 adults per row metre, depending on the grower productivity expectation, control costs and soybean market value. Our results are fundamental for establishing Integrated Pest Management for M. armatus in soybean and other crop systems.
Interdisciplinary treatment of a mutilated dentition with multiple missing teeth and horizontal impaction of a mandibular third molar using an orthodontic skeletal anchorage and dental implants—Case report
Authors: Lee Mi‐Young , Park Jae Hyun , Pang Kang‐Mi , Chang Na‐Young , Chae Jong‐Moon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis case report presents a female adult patient who exhibits poor oral hygiene, a mutilated dentition with multiple missing teeth, and skeletal asymmetry.Clinical ConsiderationsInterdisciplinary treatment was necessary to maintain oral hygiene, treat caries, extract residual roots, and upright a horizontally impacted third molar using a miniplate. Additionally, orthodontic mini‐implants were utilized as anchorage to improve sagittal relationship and space closing. Space management was completed with orthodontic treatment, followed by restoration of the multiple missing teeth with dental implants.ConclusionConsequently, an esthetic smile and functional occlusion were achieved by interdisciplinary treatment using orthodontic skeletal anchorage devices and dental implants.Clinical SignificanceMissing mandibular first molar spaces were closed with retraction of the anterior teeth and protraction of the mandibular second molars using orthodontic mini‐implants. The mandibular right third molar, which should have erupted, was protracted with the second molar, while the horizontally impacted mandibular left third molar was uprighted using a miniplate and was protracted with an orthodontic mini‐implant. The missing maxillary lateral incisors were replaced with the maxillary canines, and the maxillary canines were replaced with the maxillary first premolars. The missing maxillary right second premolar and first molar and left first and second molars were successfully restored with dental implants.
Prevalence and characteristics of the ‘bad feeling’ among healthcare professionals in the context of emergency situations: A Bi‐Hospital Survey
Authors: Hölzing Carlos Ramon , van der Linde Julia , Kersting Stephan , Busemann Alexandra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionClinical decision‐making is based on objective and subjective criteria, including healthcare workers impressions and feelings. This research examines the perception and implications of a ‘bad feeling’ experienced by healthcare professionals, focusing on its prevalence and characteristics.MethodsA cross‐sectional paper‐based survey was conducted from January to July 2023 at the University Medicine Greifswald and the hospital Sömmerda involving physicians, nurses, medical students and trainees from various specialties. With ethics committee approval, participants were recruited and surveyed at regular clinical events. Data analysis was performed using SPSS® Statistics. The manuscript was written using the Strobe checklist.ResultsOut of 250 questionnaires distributed, 217 were valid for analysis after a 94.9% return rate and subsequent exclusions. Sixty‐five per cent of respondents experience the ‘bad feeling’ occasionally to frequently. There was a significant positive correlation between the frequency of ‘bad feeling’ and work experience. The predominant cause of this feeling was identified as intuition, reported by 79.8% of participants, with 80% finding it often helpful in their clinical judgement. Notably, in 16.1% of cases, the ‘bad feeling’ escalated in the further clinical course into an actual emergency. Furthermore, 60% of respondents indicated that this feeling occasionally or often serves as an early indicator of a potential, yet unrecognised, emergency in patient care.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the relevance of clinical experience to decision‐making. As an expression of this, there is a correlation between the frequency of a ‘bad feeling’ and the number of years of experience. It is recommended that the ‘bad feeling’ be deliberately acknowledged and reinforced as an early warning signal for emergency situations, given its significant implications for patient safety. Future initiatives could include advanced training and research, as well as tools such as pocket maps, to better equip healthcare professionals in responding to this intuition.
Distress tolerance is linked with substance use motivations and problems in young adults across four continents
Authors: Anderson Grace N. , Conway Christopher C. , Bravo Adrian J. ,   The Cross‐Cultural Addictions Study Team
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionPeople low in trait distress tolerance are at higher risk for harmful patterns of substance use. Some evidence suggests that maladaptive motives for substance use account for this correlation. However, the generality of these associations remains in doubt because virtually all available data come from North American samples.MethodUsing data from 7 countries (total N = 5858; U.S., Argentina, Uruguay, Spain, South Africa, Canada, and England), we examined distress tolerance's association with alcohol‐ and cannabis‐related problems in young adults. On an exploratory basis, we examined how distress tolerance related to different substance‐use motivations.ResultsWe found that distress tolerance was inversely related to problematic alcohol and cannabis use (rs = −0.14 and − 0.13). There was notable variation across countries in the magnitude of these effects, particularly for cannabis‐related problems. Additionally, exploratory analyses revealed statistically significant (cross‐sectional) indirect effects of distress tolerance on substance‐related problems via substance‐use motivations related to neutralizing negative emotions.ConclusionsDistress tolerance's role in substance‐use problems appears to generalize beyond North America, although effect sizes were generally small and varied notably across geographical regions. Distress tolerance's connection with negative reinforcement processes (e.g., coping motives) warrants attention as a possible mediator of its association with problematic substance use.
Material deprivation is associated with liver stiffness and liver‐related outcomes in people with HIV
Authors: Long Clara , Cinque Felice , Kablawi Dana , Kim Dong Hyun Danny , Tadjo Thierry Fotsing , Elgretli Wesal , Ballesteros Luz Ramos , Lupu Amanda , Nudo Michael , Lebouché Bertrand , Kronfli Nadine , Cox Joseph , Costiniuk Cecilia T. , De Pokomandy Alexandra , Routy Jean‐Pierre , Klein Marina B. , Lamonde Frederic , Agnihotram Ramanakumar V. , Saeed Sahar , Sebastiani Giada 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSocioeconomic status (SES) is a driver of health disparities and chronic diseases. People with HIV (PWH) are at risk for chronic liver diseases. We evaluated the association between low SES and hepatic outcomes in PWH.MethodsWe included PWH from a prospective cohort. SES was assessed by the Pampalon material and social deprivation index to classify the cohort into quintiles of deprivation. Multivariable linear regression was used to investigate associations of material and social deprivation with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) as markers of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis, respectively. Incidence of outcomes was evaluated through survival analysis.ResultsAmong the 804 PWH included, 45% and 72% were living in areas of the highest material and social deprivation, respectively. Materially deprived PWH were more frequently female and of non‐white ethnicity and had higher prevalence of metabolic comorbidities. After adjustments, material deprivation correlated with increased LSM (β = 1.86, 95% CI 0.53–3.17) but not with CAP (β = 6.47, 95% CI −5.55–18.49). Patients were observed for a median follow‐up of 3.8 years. Incidence of liver‐related events was higher in most materially deprived compared to most privileged PWH (hazard ratio 3.03, 95% CI 1.03–8.92), while there was no difference in extrahepatic outcomes or all‐cause mortality. Social deprivation showed no association with either LSM or clinical outcomes.ConclusionsLiving in materially deprived neighbourhoods as a proxy for lower SES, is associated with LSM and liver‐related events in PWH. Future strategies should explore mechanisms underlying these relationships and whether enhanced material security improves hepatic outcomes.
A cyclic di‐GMP‐binding adaptor protein interacts with a N5‐glutamine methyltransferase to regulate the pathogenesis in Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri
Authors: Shi Yu , Cheng Tianfang , Cheang Qing Wei , Zhao Xiaoyan , Xu Zeling , Liang Zhao‐Xun , Xu Linghui , Wang Junxia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe second messenger cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c‐di‐GMP) regulates a wide range of bacterial behaviours through diverse mechanisms and binding receptors. Single‐domain PilZ proteins, the most widespread and abundant known c‐di‐GMP receptors in bacteria, act as trans‐acting adaptor proteins that enable c‐di‐GMP to control signalling pathways with high specificity. This study identifies a single‐domain PilZ protein, XAC3402 (renamed N5MapZ), from the phytopathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc), which modulates Xcc virulence by directly interacting with the methyltransferase HemK. Through yeast two‐hybrid, co‐immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent staining, we demonstrated that N5MapZ and HemK interact directly under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, with the strength of the protein–protein interaction decreasing at high c‐di‐GMP concentrations. This finding distinguishes N5MapZ from other characterized single‐domain PilZ proteins, as it was previously known that c‐di‐GMP enhances the interaction between those single‐domain PilZs and their protein partners. This observation is further supported by the fact that the c‐di‐GMP binding‐defective mutant N5MapZR10A can interact with HemK to inhibit the methylation of the class 1 translation termination release factor PrfA. Additionally, we found that HemK plays an important role in Xcc pathogenesis, as the deletion of hemK leads to extensive phenotypic changes, including reduced virulence in citrus plants, decreased motility, production of extracellular enzymes and stress tolerance. Gene expression analysis has revealed that c‐di‐GMP and the HemK‐mediated pathway regulate the expression of multiple virulence effector proteins, uncovering a novel regulatory mechanism through which c‐di‐GMP regulates Xcc virulence by mediating PrfA methylation via the single‐domain PilZ adaptor protein N5MapZ.
ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 act together to promote stigmatic papilla formation in maize through regulating auxin signaling and ZmWOX3A expression
Authors: Kong Dexin , Jing Yifeng , Duan Yaping , He Mengqi , Ding Hui , Li Heying , Zhong Zhuojun , Zheng Zhigang , Fan Xiuying , Pan Xuan , Li Yanqun , Bai Mei , Li Xinjian , Luo Minhua , Xue Weicong , Zhang Xiaoming , Xu Xin , Yuan Yateng , Zou Ting , Chen Lihong , Ding Wenyan , Zhao Yongping , Wang Baobao , Wu Hong , Liu Qing , Wang Haiyang 
Published: July 2024

Summary

Maize silk is a specialized type of stigma, covered with numerous papillae for pollen grain capture. However, the developmental process of stigmatic papillae and the underlying regulatory mechanisms have remained largely unknown.

Here, we combined the cytological, genetic and molecular studies to demonstrate that three homologous genes ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 play a central role in promoting stigmatic papilla formation in maize.

We show that their triple knockout mutants are nearly complete lack of stigmatic papilla, resulting in a severe reduction in kernel setting. Cellular examination reveals that stigmatic papilla is developed from a precursor cell, which is the smaller daughter cell resulting from asymmetric cell division of a silk epidermal cell. In situ hybridization shows that ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and their target genes SPI1, ZmPIN1b, ZmARF28 and ZmWOX3A are preferentially expressed in the precursor cells of stigmatic papillae. Moreover, ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 directly bind to the promoters of SPI1, ZmPIN1b, ZmARF28 and ZmWOX3A and promote their expression. Further, Zmwox3a knockout mutants display severe defects in stigmatic papilla formation and reduced seed setting.

Collectively, our results demonstrate that ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 act together to promote stigmatic papilla development through regulating auxin signaling and ZmWOX3A expression.
Björk to Morton to Aphex Twin: Music as a positive hyperobject
Authors: Andrews Gavin J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this commentary, I describe music as a ‘hyperobject’ – an object so massive, multi‐dimensional and vastly distributed in space and time, that it exceeds full apprehension and quantification and ultimately traditional understandings of what a thing is. I draw examples from my own experiences and from the special issue articles to convey how music possesses the five core properties of a hyperobject; being viscous, molten, non‐local, phased and interobjective. I argue that, in contrast to many other hyperobjects, music is one that generally exerts a positive force in the world.
Biochemical versus stomatal acclimation of dynamic photosynthetic gas exchange to elevated CO2 in three horticultural species with contrasting stomatal morphology
Authors: Zhang Ningyi , Berman Sarah R. , van den Berg Tom , Chen Yunke , Marcelis Leo F. M. , Kaiser Elias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding photosynthetic acclimation to elevated CO2 (eCO2) is important for predicting plant physiology and optimizing management decisions under global climate change, but is underexplored in important horticultural crops. We grew three crops differing in stomatal density—namely chrysanthemum, tomato, and cucumber—at near‐ambient CO2 (450 μmol mol−1) and eCO2 (900 μmol mol−1) for 6 weeks. Steady‐state and dynamic photosynthetic and stomatal conductance (gs) responses were quantified by gas exchange measurements. Opening and closure of individual stomata were imaged in situ, using a novel custom‐made microscope. The three crop species acclimated to eCO2 with very different strategies: Cucumber (with the highest stomatal density) acclimated to eCO2 mostly via dynamic gs responses, whereas chrysanthemum (with the lowest stomatal density) acclimated to eCO2 mostly via photosynthetic biochemistry. Tomato exhibited acclimation in both photosynthesis and gs kinetics. eCO2 acclimation in individual stomatal pore movement increased rates of pore aperture changes in chrysanthemum, but such acclimation responses resulted in no changes in gs responses. Although eCO2 acclimation occurred in all three crops, photosynthesis under fluctuating irradiance was hardly affected. Our study stresses the importance of quantifying eCO2 acclimatory responses at different integration levels to understand photosynthetic performance under future eCO2 environments.
How to survive on Mediterranean coastal cliffs: tolerance to seawater in early life‐cycle stages in Brassica incana Ten. (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Laccetti L. , Salbitani G. , Lumaga M. R. B. , Bossa R. , Cerasuolo P. , Loreto F. , Manna M. , Carfagna S. , Scopece G. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Mediterranean coastal cliffs are reservoirs of plant biodiversity, hosting vulnerable plant species particularly exposed to the risk of local extinction due to extreme abiotic conditions and climate changes. Therefore, studies aiming to understand the tolerance of cliff plant species to abiotic stresses are important to predict their long‐time persistence or to highlight inherent threats.
We used an integrative approach including anatomical, physiological and phenotypic analyses on (a) seeds, (b) cotyledons of seedlings; and (c) young plants to assess whether the cliff species Brassica incana, can tolerate exposure to different seawater (SW: 25%, 50% and 100%) concentrations during the early stages of its life cycle.
Seeds could germinate when exposed to up to 50% SW. Seeds did not germinate in 100% SW, but could resume germination after washing with freshwater. Seed germination rate also decreased with increasing SW concentration. Exposure to SW decreased stomatal size and stomatal index of cotyledons and caused long‐lasting and severe damage to the photochemical reactions of photosynthesis. Photochemistry was also sensitive to SW in young plants, but the effect was lower than in cotyledons. This may involve a remodulation of chloroplast dimensions and activation of cellular metabolism. However, photochemical reactions limited photosynthesis at100% SW even after recovery from SW exposure.
Our data show that B. incana has strong tolerance to seawater and shows clear signs of halophytic adaptation. Whilst seeds and juvenile plants are able to withstand SW, the seedling stage appears to be more sensitive.
Using near misses, artificial intelligence, and machine learning to predict maritime incidents: A U.S. Coast Guard case study
Authors: Madsen Peter M. , Dillon Robin L. , Morris Evan T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwo recent trends made this project possible: (1) The recognition that near misses can be predictors of future negative events and (2) enhanced artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) tools that make data analytics accessible for many organizations. Increasingly, organizations are learning from prior incidents to improve safety and reduce accidents. The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) uses a reporting system called the Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE) database. Because many of the incidents that appear in this database are minor ones, this project initially focused on determining if near misses in MISLE could be predictors of future accidents. The analysis showed that recent near‐miss counts are useful for predicting future serious casualties at the waterway level. Using this finding, a predictive AI/ML model was built for each waterway type by vessel combination. Random forest decision tree AI/ML models were used to identify waterways at significant accident risk. An R‐based predictive model was designed to be run monthly, using data from prior months to make future predictions. The prediction models were trained on data from 2007 to 2022 and tested on 10 months of data from 2022, where prior months were added to test the next month. The overall accuracy of the predictions was 92%–99.9%, depending on model characteristics. The predictions of the models were considered accurate enough to be potentially useful in future prevention efforts for the USCG and may be generalizable to other industries that have near‐miss data and a desire to identify and manage risks.
Power to the researchers: Calculating power after estimation
Authors: Tian Jiarui , Coupé Tom , Khatua Sayak , Reed W. Robert , Wood Benjamin D. K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study demonstrates a simple and reliable method for calculating ex post power. We first conduct a series of Monte Carlo experiments to assess its performance. The experiments are designed to produce artificial datasets that resemble actual data from 23 studies funded by the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie). After determining that the method performs adequately, we then apply it to the 23 studies and compare their ex post power with the ex‐ante power claimed on their funding applications. We find the average ex post power of the 3ie studies is close to 80%. However, there are more estimates of low power than would be expected if all studies had 80% true power. Most of the differences between ex post and ex ante power can be explained by differences between planned and actual total observations, number of clusters, and the degree of intracluster correlation. This demonstrates how ex post power can be used by funders to evaluate previously funded research and identify areas for improved power estimation in future research. We further show how ex post power can aid in the interpretation of both insignificant and significant estimates.
Are Contraceptive Method Preferences Stable? Measuring Change in the Preferred Method among Kenyan Women
Authors: Cardona Carolina , Sarnak Dana , Gemmill Alison , Gichangi Peter , Thiongo Mary , Anglewicz Philip 
Published: July 2024

AbstractContraceptive preferences are important for reproductive outcomes, such as contraceptive continuation and pregnancy. Current approaches to measuring reproductive preferences in population surveys are limited to exploring only fertility preferences and implicitly assume that contracepting people are using a method they want. We know that people change their fertility preferences over the life course as a response to life events, but there is no information about changes in contraceptive preferences, given the limited evidence about the measurement and distribution of contraceptive preferences. In this study, we examined the extent of change in women's contraceptive preferences over one year and identified characteristics associated with this change in Kenya using three rounds of nationally representative longitudinal data. Over one year, 18 percent of contraceptive users and 46 percent of contraceptive nonusers reported changes in their preferred contraceptive. Experiencing a pregnancy or birth and changes in marital status were associated with changes in contraceptive preferences for users and nonusers. We found that contraceptive preferences are dynamic, suggesting that family planning programs should ensure people's access to various methods to respond to women's changing circumstances and preferences.