bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Interplay Between Helicobacter pylori and Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) Molecules in the Development of Gastric Cancer and Induction of Immune Response
Authors: Jafarzadeh Abdollah , Jafarzadeh Zahra , Nemati Maryam , Yoshimura Akihiko 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonizes the stomach and leads to the secretion of a vast range of cytokines by infiltrated leukocytes directing immune/inflammatory response against the bacterium. To regulate immune/inflammatory responses, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins bind to multiple signaling components located downstream of cytokine receptors, such as Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT). Dysfunctional SOCS proteins in immune cells may facilitate the immune evasion of H. pylori, allowing the bacteria to induce chronic inflammation. Dysregulation of SOCS expression and function can contribute to the sustained H. pylori‐mediated gastric inflammation which can lead to gastric cancer (GC) development. Among SOCS molecules, dysregulated expression of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 were indicated in H. pylori‐infected individuals as well as in GC tissues and cells. H. pylori‐induced SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 dysregulation can contribute to the GC development. The expression of SOCS molecules can be influenced by various factors, such as epigenetic DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and gene polymorphisms. Modulation of the expression of SOCS molecules in gastric epithelial cells and immune cells can be considered to control gastric carcinogenesis as well as regulate antitumor immune responses, respectively. This review aimed to explain the interplay between H. pylori and SOCS molecules in GC development and immune response induction as well as to provide insights regarding potential therapeutic strategies modulating SOCS molecules.
Different views on collaboration between older persons, informal caregivers and care professionals
Authors: van Muijden Teyler , Gräler Leonoor , van Exel Job , van de Bovenkamp Hester , Petit‐Steeghs Violet 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundInformal care features high on the policy agenda of many countries to deal with workforce shortages. As a consequence, care provision increasingly takes place in the care triad of care recipients, informal caregivers and care professionals. How collaboration between care partners takes shape depends on how the different partners perceive this collaboration. This paper aims to investigate the relative importance of the different aspects of collaboration from the perspectives of care recipients, informal caregivers and care professionals in the context of the care for older persons in The Netherlands.MethodsUsing Q‐methodology, 32 participants ranked 28 statements that reflect different aspects of collaboration in the care triad and explained their ranking during a follow‐up interview. Participants comprised 9 older persons, 10 informal caregivers and 13 care professionals. Data were analysed using by‐person factor analysis to identify common patterns in the rankings of the statements. Emerging patterns were interpreted and described as views on collaboration using aggregated rankings and qualitative data from the interviews.ResultsFive distinct views on collaboration were found: (1) Emphasizing warm collaboration, (2) trusting care professional's expertise, (3) open and compassionate care professionals, (4) responsive decision‐making by autonomous care professionals and (5) prioritizing care recipient's and informal caregiver's interests. Care recipients and/or informal caregivers were associated with views 1, 3 and, 5, whereas care professionals were associated with all five views.ConclusionsOur study highlights the importance of recognizing the potential diversity of views between and within different partner groups in care triads. Governmental and organizational policy makers, as well as healthcare professionals who aim to increase or support the involvement of informal caregivers, should take this heterogeneity into consideration.Patient or Public ContributionAn advisory board of older persons (care recipients and informal caregivers) was involved in the recruitment of the participants, the formulation of the statements and the reflection on the findings of the study and potential implications.
Penetration of oils into hair
Authors: Marsh Jennifer M. , Whitaker Shane , Felts Tim , Cowans Chris , Gupta Shikhar , Masirevic Srdan , Fang Rui , Simmonds Monique S. J. , Chen Gu , Jiang Haibo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this work was to understand how triglyceride plant oils can deliver strength and softness benefits to hair by their penetration. These plant oils are complex mixtures of TAGs, so the initial studies performed were with pure TAGs and then these data compared to plant oils and their measured TAG compositions.MethodsLC–MS was used to identify the di and triglycerides in coconut oil, Camellia oleifera oil and safflower seed oil. Penetration of these plant oils and pure individual triglycerides was measured by a differential extraction method. Cross‐sections of oils treated with 13C‐labelled triolein were studied by NanoSIMS to visualize location of triglyceride inside hair. Fatigue strength was measured using constant stress to generate a survival distribution. Models of the lipid‐rich cell membrane complex (CMC) were created with the equimolar ratio of 18‐methyl‐eicosanoic acid (MEAS), palmitic acid (C16:0) and oleic acid (C18:1).ResultsPenetration of the individual pure TAGs was confirmed for all chain lengths and degree of unsaturation tested with higher penetration for shorter chain lengths and unsaturated fatty acids. Detailed compositional analysis of selected plant oils showed a wide variety of TAGs and penetration was also demonstrated for these oils. NanoSIMS and modelling confirmed these TAGs are penetrating the lipid‐rich CMC of hair and are interacting with the fatty acids that make up the CMC. All plant oils delivered a fatigue strength improvement by penetration into the CMC and it is proposed that these oils prevent formation and/or propagation of flaws in the CMC network that leads to breakage.ConclusionsMany plant oils with a wide range of triglyceride compositions can penetrate into hair and NanoSIMS data confirmed these oils partition into the lipid‐rich cell membrane complex. Penetration studies of individual TAGs shown to be present in these oils confirmed TAGs of varying chain length can penetrate and there is a correlation between increased penetration efficacy and shorter chain lengths and presence of unsaturation in the fatty acid chains. All the oils studied delivered single fibre fatigue strength benefits.
Genomic Analysis and Tracking of SARS‐CoV‐2 Variants in Gwangju, South Korea, From 2020 to 2022
Authors: Lee Yeong‐Un , Lee Kwangho , Lee Hongsu , Park Jung Wook , Cho Sun‐Ju , Park Ji‐Su , Mun Jeongeun , Park Sujung , Lee Cheong‐mi , Lee Juhye , Seo Jinjong , Kim Yonghwan , Kim Sun‐Hee , Chung Yoon‐Seok 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSince severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, it has spread rapidly, and many coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) cases have occurred in Gwangju, South Korea. Viral mutations following the COVID‐19 epidemic have increased interest in the characteristics of epidemics in this region, and pathogen genetic analysis is required for infection control and prevention.MethodsIn this study, SARS‐CoV‐2 whole‐genome analysis was performed on samples from patients with COVID‐19 in Gwangju from 2020 to 2022 to identify the trends in COVID‐19 prevalence and to analyze the phylogenetic relationships of dominant variants. B.41 and B.1.497 prevailed in 2020, the early stage of the COVID‐19 outbreak; then, B.1.619.1 mainly occurred until June 2021. B.1.617.2, classified as sublineages AY.69 and AY.122, occurred continuously from July to December 2021. Since strict measures to strengthen national quarantine management had been implemented in South Korea until this time, the analysis of mutations was also able to infer the epidemiological relationship between infection transmission routes. Since the first identification of the Omicron variant in late December 2021, the spread of infection has been very rapid, and weekly whole‐genome analysis of specimens has enabled us to monitor new Omicron sublineages occurring in Gwangju.ConclusionsOur study suggests that conducting regional surveillance in addition to nation‐level genomic surveillance will enable more rapid and detailed variant surveillance, which will be helpful in the overall prevention and management of infectious diseases.
Severe Preharvest Drought Elevates Respiration and Storage Rot in Postharvest Sugarbeet Roots
Authors: Lafta Abbas M. , Eide John D. , Khan Mohamed F. R. , Finger Fernando L. , Fugate Karen K. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTSugarbeets are largely produced without irrigation, making drought stress inevitable when rainfall is insufficient. Whether drought stress impacts root storage, however, is currently unknown. Research was conducted to determine the effect of preharvest water stress on postharvest sugarbeet root respiration rate and susceptibility to storage rots as these traits are the primary determinants for sucrose loss and quality deterioration. Greenhouse‐grown plants were subjected to four levels of water deficit by discontinuing watering for 0, 7, 14 or 21 days prior to harvest. Plants receiving water‐restrictive treatments displayed physiological stress by leaf epinasty, reductions in net photosynthetic rate and leaf relative water content and increases in leaf temperature, whereas the water content of roots harvested from these plants progressively decreased with the severity of the preharvest water‐deficit treatment. Harvested roots from all watering treatments were stored at 10°C and 95% relative humidity for up to 12 weeks and evaluated for respiration rate and susceptibility to storage rot. Root respiration rate during storage was inversely related to root water content at harvest by second‐order equations, such that respiration was not significantly affected by minor reductions in root water content but increased exponentially for roots obtained from severely drought‐stressed plants with water contents at harvest of ≤75%. Similarly, roots with water contents ≤75% had elevated levels of electrolyte leakage, a measure of cellular membrane damage, and were more susceptible to dehydration and fungal infection during storage. In separate experiments, roots harvested from water‐stressed plants were inoculated with Botrytis cinerea or Penicillium vulpinum, two causal agents for storage rots. In these experiments, preharvest water stress quantitatively increased root rot and qualitatively altered symptoms of their infection. Overall, these results demonstrate that severe preharvest drought stress is likely to significantly increase sugarbeet root storage losses caused by root respiration and storage rots and that storage losses are likely to accelerate with time in storage. However, mild‐to‐moderate drought conditions prior to harvest are expected to have no or minimal effect on storage losses from root respiration or storage rots.
The Epistemology of Corporate Power: The Limits of the Firm–State Analogy
Authors: Kwok Chi 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTPolitical theorists frequently utilize the ‘firm–state analogy’ (FSA) to support the arguments for democratic governance in firms. This article presents the FSA as an analogy with both justificatory and epistemic functions. Its justificatory function provides valid justificatory strategies for workplace democracy, while its epistemic function offers models that shape the understanding of corporate power. In this article, four limitations of the justificatory function of the FSA are identified: (i) the problem of ambiguity, (ii) the boundary problem, (iii) the issue of normative redundancy, and (iv) the universality problem. Furthermore, the article argues that the epistemic function of the FSA fails to adequately address some of the most concerning forms of corporate power wielded by large, particularly multinational, corporations in the realm of international trade. As a result, the FSA misses crucial reasons for the normative desirability of democracy in corporate governance.
Consistency of ablations with trainee and increasing independence during fellowship training—Analysis of ablation data by CARTONET
Authors: Whitaker John , Hunter Tina D. , Carsey Jane , Thatcher William H. , Yungher Don , Goldberg Stanislav , Kaneko Christina , Amit Mati , Kreidieh Omar , Thurber Clinton , Steiger Nathaniel , Chang David , Batnyam Uyanga , Sharma Esseim , McClennen Seth , Kapur Sunil , Tadros Thomas , Sauer William H. , Koplan Bruce , Tedrow Usha , Zei Paul C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionTraining in clinical cardiac electrophysiology (CCEP) involves the development of catheter handling skills to safely deliver effective treatment. Objective data from analysis of ablation data for evaluating trainee of CCEP procedures has not previously been possible. Using the artificial intelligence cloud‐based system (CARTONET), we assessed the impact of trainee progress through ablation procedural quality.MethodsLesion‐ and procedure‐level data from all de novo atrial fibrillation (AF) and cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablations involving first‐year (Y1) or second‐year (Y2) fellows across a full year of fellowship was curated within Cartonet. Lesions were automatically assigned to anatomic locations.ResultsLesion characteristics, including contact force, catheter stability, impedance drop, ablation index value, and interlesion time/distance were similar over each training year. Anatomic location and supervising operator significantly affected catheter stability. The proportion of lesion sets delivered independently and of lesions delivered by the trainee increased steadily from the first quartile of Y1 to the last quartile of Y2. Trainee perception of difficult regions did not correspond to objective measures.ConclusionObjective ablation data from Cartonet showed that the progression of trainees through CCEP training does not impact lesion‐level measures of treatment efficacy (i.e., catheter stability, impedance drop). Data demonstrates increasing independence over a training fellowship. Analyses like these could be useful to inform individualized training programs and to track trainee's progress. It may also be a useful quality assurance tool for ensuring ongoing consistency of treatment delivered within training institutions.
ARMC10 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and affects mitochondrial function via the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway involved in ischaemic stroke
Authors: Huang Yanyang , Zhang Zhaojing , Xu Yatian , Peng Yue , Xu Ruochen , Luan Yingying , Bie Xiaoshuai , Jia Jing , Zhang Chi , Han Tianyi , Zhou Baixue , Li Zhihao , Zheng Hong , Yang Dongzhi , He Ying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMitochondrial dynamics has emerged as an important target for neuronal protection after cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which ARMC10 regulation of mitochondrial dynamics affects mitochondrial function involved in ischaemic stroke (IS). Mitochondrial morphology was detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), and mitochondrial ultrastructural alterations were detected by electron microscopy. The expression of mitochondrial dynamics‐related genes Drp1, Mfn1, Mfn2, Fis1, OPA1 and ARMC10 and downstream target genes c‐Myc, CyclinD1 and AXIN2 was detected by RT‐qPCR. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of β‐catenin, GSK‐3β, p‐GSK‐3β, Bcl‐2 and Bax. DCFH‐DA fluorescent probe was to detect the effect of ARMC10 on mitochondrial ROS level, Annexin V‐FITC fluorescent probe was to detect the effect of ARMC10 on apoptosis, and ATP assay kit was to detect the effect of ARMC10 on ATP production. Mitochondrial dynamics was dysregulated in clinical IS samples and in the OGD/R cell model, and the relative expression of ARMC10 gene was significantly decreased in IS group (p < 0.05). Knockdown and overexpression of ARMC10 could affect mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial function and neuronal apoptosis. Agonist and inhibitor affected mitochondrial function and neuronal apoptosis by targeting Wnt/β‐Catenin signal pathway. In the OGD/R model, ARMC10 affected mitochondrial function and neuronal apoptosis through the mechanism that regulates Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway. ARMC10 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and protects mitochondrial function by activating Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway, to exert neuroprotective effects.
Effect of intermittent fasting 16:8 and 14:10 compared with control‐group on weight reduction and metabolic outcomes in obesity with type 2 diabetes patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sukkriang Naparat , Buranapin Supawan 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionTo compare the percent weight change and metabolic outcomes among diabetic participants with obesity on intermittent fasting (IF) 16:8, IF 14:10, or normal controlled diets.Materials and MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted to randomize participants into three groups. Each group followed IF 16:8, IF 14:10, according to the protocol 3 days/week for 3 months or a control group.ResultsA total of 99 participants completed the study. The percentage weight change from baseline was −4.02% (95% CI, −4.40 to −3.64) in IF 16:8, −3.15% (95% CI, −3.41 to −2.89) in IF 14:10, and −0.55% (95% CI, −1.05 to −0.05) in the control group. The percentage weight loss from baseline was significantly more in both IF groups (P < 0.001, both) when compared with the control group. Weight loss was significantly more in the IF 16:8 group than in that of the IF 14:10 group (P < 0.001). Metabolic outcomes (decrease in FBS and HbA1C, and improvement in lipid profiles) were significantly improved from baseline in both IF groups in comparison with the control group.ConclusionsEither IF 16:8 or 14:10 had a benefit in the percentage weight change, glucose and lipid profiles in obese diabetic patients compared with the control group when consumed for 3 days a week for 3 months.
Assimilating water level observations with the ensemble optimal interpolation scheme into a rainfall‐runoff‐inundation model: A repository‐based dynamic covariance matrix generation approach
Authors: Khaniya Manoj , Tachikawa Yasuto , Sayama Takahiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough conceptually attractive, the use of ensemble data assimilation methods, such as the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), can be constrained by intensive computational requirements. In such cases, the ensemble optimal interpolation scheme (EnOI), which works on a single model run instead of ensemble evolution, may offer a sub‐optimal alternative. This study explores different approaches of dynamic covariance matrix generation from predefined state vector repositories for assimilating synthetic water level observations with the EnOI scheme into a distributed rainfall‐runoff‐inundation model. Repositories are first created by storing open loop state vectors from the simulation of past flood events. The vectors are later sampled during the assimilation step, based on their closeness to the model forecast (calculated using vector norm). Results suggest that the dynamic EnOI scheme is inferior to the EnKF, but can improve upon the deterministic simulation depending on the sampling approach and the repository used. Observations can also be used for sampling to increase the background spread when the system noise is large. A richer repository is required to reduce analysis degradation, but increases the computation cost. This can be resolved by using a sliced repository consisting of only the vectors with norm close to the model forecast.
Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and Parkinson's disease: A systematic review of animal studies
Authors: Alves Barbara da Silva , Schimith Lucia Emanueli , da Cunha André Brito , Dora Cristiana Lima , Hort Mariana Appel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The primary pathological features of PD include the presence of α‐synuclein aggregates and Lewy bodies, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Recently, omega‐3 fatty acids (ω‐3 PUFAs) have been under investigation as a preventive and/or therapeutic strategy for PD, primarily owing to their antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Therefore, the objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature, focusing on studies that assessed the effects of ω‐3 PUFAs in rodent models mimicking human PD. The search was performed using the terms “Parkinson's disease,” “fish oil,” “omega 3,” “docosahexaenoic acid,” and “eicosapentaenoic acid” across databases PUBMED, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. Following analysis based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 39 studies were included. Considering behavioral parameters, pathological markers of the disease, quantification of ω‐3 PUFAs in the brain, as well as anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti‐apoptotic effects, it can be observed that ω‐3 PUFAs exhibit a potential neuroprotective effect in PD. In summary, this systematic review presents significant scientific evidence regarding the effects and mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective properties of ω‐3 PUFAs, offering valuable insights for the development of future clinical investigations.image
Did Banks Pay Fair Returns to Taxpayers on TARP?
Authors: FLANAGAN THOMAS , PURNANANDAM AMIYATOSH 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTFinancial institutions received investments under the Troubled Asset Relief Program in a bad state of the world but repaid them in a relatively good state. We show that the recipients paid considerably lower returns to taxpayers compared to private‐market securities with similar risk over the same investment horizon, resulting in a subsidy of over $50 billion on the preferred equity investment by the government. Ex‐post renegotiation of contract terms limited the upside gains received by taxpayers in good times and contributed to the subsidy. These findings have important implications for the design and implementation of future bailouts. Our simple methodology for calculating the subsidy can be applied to evaluate the financial costs of other bailouts.
Making our groups better? The roles of moral disengagement and group identification in the learning of pro‐group unethical behaviour
Authors: Zhu Julie N. Y. , Lam Long W. , Li Yolanda Na , Shao Maggie Q. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPro‐group unethical behaviour (PGUB) refers to a set of behaviours that conflict with moral standards but are beneficial to the interests of an actor's workgroup. Drawing on social cognitive theory, this research investigates whether, how, and when perceived co‐worker PGUB leads employees to engage in the same unethical behaviour. We propose that moral disengagement is a crucial mechanism through which PGUB is transmitted from co‐workers to employees and that this relationship is further amplified by employees' group identification. The results of three field studies featuring different samples consistently highlight the mediating role of moral disengagement in the relationship between perceived co‐worker PGUB and employee PGUB. Furthermore, employees who identify strongly with their workgroup are more likely to exhibit moral disengagement and learn their co‐workers' PGUB than are employees with low group identification. The findings of this research provide insights for both theory and practice.