bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Was ist Textilbeton?
Authors: Scheerer Silke 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDer Verbundwerkstoff Textilbeton ist seit mittlerweile zwanzig Jahren Gegenstand der Grundlagenforschung. Seit 1999 wurde er maßgeblich an den Universitäten in Dresden und Aachen in zwei DFG‐Sonderforschungsbereichen erforscht und entwickelt. Bis heute ist Deutschland weltweit führend auf diesem Gebiet. Die mittlerweile zahlreichen realisierten praktischen Anwendungen belegen die Vielseitigkeit und Leistungsfähigkeit des Werkstoffs. Dennoch gestaltet sich die Realisierung von Textilbetonprojekten oft noch schwierig, da bisher keine allgemeinen bauaufsichtlichen Zulassungen existierten und folglich Zulassungen im Einzelfall benötigt wurden. Ein großer Schritt, diese Hürde zu überwinden, wurde mit der Erlangung einer ersten bauaufsichtlichen Zulassung getan. Vor diesem Hintergrund gibt der vorliegende Beitrag dieses Sonderhefts eine kurze Einführung in die Thematik Textilbeton.What is textile reinforced concrete? – a short introductionSince 1999, the composite material textile reinforced concrete (TRC) has been largely studied and developed at the universities of Dresden and Aachen in two DFG‐Collaborative Research Centres. Until today, Germany is the world leader in this field. Numerous realized practical applications demonstrate the versatility and performance of the material. Nevertheless, the realization of TRC‐projects is often difficult. Approvals in individual cases were necessary, since there were no national technical approvals until today. Getting a first building approval was a major step to overcome this obstacle. In the context of this approval, the present paper gives a brief introduction to the topic textile reinforced concrete.
Innovative Werkstoffe am Bau – Weiterbildung Textilbeton
Authors: Reese Uwe 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTUDALIT®‐Textilbeton bietet als leichter und belastbarer Hightech‐Werkstoff der Bauwirtschaft vielfältige und neue Möglichkeiten, sowohl im Neubau als auch bei der Sanierung. Die Anwendung von Textilbeton erfordert präzise Kenntnisse der Verwendungsvorschriften, der baustofflichen Grundlagen und eine praktische Befähigung zum Einsatz der besonderen Materialien. Aufgrund der hohen Qualitätsanforderungen für die Anwendung des neuen Baustoffs ist gemäß bauaufsichtlicher Zulassung eine adäquate Weiterbildung der Mitarbeiter der bauausführenden Betriebe erforderlich. Darüber hinaus werden sich Bauingenieure und Architekten zukünftig für den Einsatz von Textilbeton aus der Sicht des Planers weiterbilden, um die konstruktiven und kostenseitigen Vorteile von Textilbeton nutzen zu können. In diesem Beitrag werden Weiterbildungen und Qualifizierungen für die Anwendung von TUDALIT®‐Textilbeton vorgestellt.Innovative materials in construction – qualification for textile reinforced concrete (TRC)TUDALIT® Carbon Concrete as lightweight and mechanical resistant construction material offers versatile chances in construction as well as in rehabilitation of buildings. Due to the high quality requirements on the use of the new building material, appropriate advanced training for the construction crew is needed according to the general technical approval. Additionally, civil engineers and architects will claim trainings to be qualified to take advantage of textile reinforced concrete as a new construction material. Advanced trainings and qualifications for the use of TUDALIT® textile reinforced concrete are presented in this paper.
Sicherheitskonzept für Textilbeton
Authors: Just Martin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag zeigt auf, wie für den neuen Baustoff Textilbeton im Rahmen der allgemeinen bauaufsichtlichen Zulassung das Sicherheitskonzept der DIN EN 1990‐1 auf das Carbontextil, welches die Zugbewehrung im Verbundbaustoff darstellt, übertragen wird. Es wird der für die semiprobabilistische Bemessung erforderliche Teilsicherheitsbeiwert ermittelt. Dazu werden zu Beginn die maßgebenden statistischen und charakteristischen Größen bestimmt. Im Anschluss wird der Teilsicherheitsbeiwert kalibriert, wobei Bezug auf die etablierte Bauweise des Stahlbetons genommen wird. Die Zuverlässigkeit von Textilbeton wird direkt mit der des Stahlbetons verglichen und somit anschaulich verdeutlicht, dass mit dem neuen Baustoff die gleiche Sicherheit tragender Konstruktionen erreicht werden kann. Zum Abschluss wird die Bestimmung der Bemessungsfestigkeit unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Effekte, beispielsweise der Dauerstandfestigkeit, durchgeführt.Reliability of the Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) Design – Determination of the reduction factor for the tensile strengthThis paper shows for the new material textile reinforced concrete (TRC) how, as part of the general technical approval, the reliability concept methodology of DIN EN 1990‐1 is applied to the carbon textile fabric, which represents the tensile reinforcement in the composite building material. The reduction factor is determined, which is required for the semi‐probabilistic design. For this purpose, the relevant statistical and characteristic variables are determined at the beginning. Following the partial safety factor is calibrated with reference to the established material “(steel‐) reinforced concrete”. The reliability of textile‐reinforced concrete is directly compared with that of reinforced concrete and thus clearly illustrates that the same security level can be achieved with the new material for supporting structures. Finally, the determination of the design strength is performed, considering various effects, such as durability.
Facile Synthesis of Ultrathin Bimetallic PtSn Wavy Nanowires by Nanoparticle Attachment as Enhanced Hydrogenation Catalysts
Authors: Ding Jiabao , Bu Lingzheng , Zhang Nan , Yao Jianlin , Huang Yu , Huang Xiaoqing 
Published: January 2015

AbstractUltrathin wavy nanowires represent an emerging class of nanostructures that exhibit unique catalytic, magnetic, and electronic properties, but the controlled production of bimetallic wavy nanowires remains a significant challenge. Ultrathin bimetallic PtSn nanowires have been prepared with high yield and featuring a highly wavy structure. Owing to the ultrathin nature and unique electronic properties of these PtSn wavy nanowires, they exhibit improved catalytic performance for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, as well as for the hydrogenation of styrene. These results suggest a new strategy to prepare highly active catalysts through defect engineering and can significantly impact broad practical applications.
NMO⋅TPB: A Selectivity Variation on the Ley–Griffith TPAP Oxidation
Authors: Moore Peter W. , Mirzayans Paul M. , Williams Craig M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA non‐hygroscopic tetraphenylborate salt of N‐methylmorpholine‐N‐oxide (NMO) is reported (NMO⋅TPB), which modulates the standard Ley–Griffith oxidation such that benzylic and allylic alcohols are oxidised selectively. An attractive feature of this new protocol is that anhydrous conditions are not required for this selective tetra‐n‐propylammonium perruthenate (TPAP) oxidation, superseding the requirement of molecular sieves.
Ontogeny of septohippocampal modulation of delay eyeblink conditioning
Authors: Harmon Thomas C. , Freeman John H. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTThe current study investigated the effects of disrupting the septohippocampal theta system on the developmental emergence of delay eyeblink conditioning. Theta oscillations are defined as electroencephalographic (EEG) waveforms with a frequency between 3–8 Hz. Hippocampal theta oscillations are generated by inputs from the entorhinal cortex and the medial septum. Theta activity has been shown to facilitate learning in a variety of paradigms, including delay eyeblink conditioning. Lesions of the medial septum disrupt theta activity and slow the rate at which delay eyeblink conditioning is learned (Berry & Thompson, [1979] Science 200:1298–1300). The role of the septohippocampal theta system in the ontogeny of eyeblink conditioning has not been examined. In the current study, infant rats received an electrolytic lesion of the medial septum on postnatal day (P) 12. Rats were later given eyeblink conditioning for 6 sessions with an auditory conditioned stimulus on P17–19, P21–23, or P24–26. Lesions impaired eyeblink conditioning on P21–23 and P24–26 but not on P17–19. The results suggest that the septohippocampal system comes online to facilitate acquisition of eyeblink conditioning between P19 and P21. Developmental changes in septohippocampal modulation of the cerebellum may play a significant role in the ontogeny of eyeblink conditioning. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 168–176, 2015.
Development and expression of maternal behavior in naïve female C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Alsina‐Llanes Marcela , De Brun Victoria , Olazábal Daniel E. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTNaïve female mice are usually described as spontaneously maternal. We investigated how many exposures to pups (15 min vs. 1 hr) were needed to induce full maternal behavior (FMB) in 20–22, 30–35, 60–65‐days‐old naïve female mice (C57BL/6), and how cohabitation with the parturient mother and newborn siblings facilitated juvenile maternal behavior (MB). Only 20% of the adults displayed FMB immediately after the first exposure to pups. Incomplete MB was present in 11%, 20%, and 30% of juveniles, adolescents and adults, respectively. Three‐sixty minute exposures to pups induced FMB in all adult subjects. All naïve juveniles that were not exposed to their siblings and maternal fluids failed to show maternal behavior. In contrast, more than half of the juveniles present at their homecage during delivery of a second litter showed incomplete MB (34.5%) or FMB (21.5%) when tested individually housed in a novel cage. This study suggests that most adult female mice are not spontaneously maternal but gradually sensitized. Besides, naïve juveniles could be inhibited or not motivated to show MB, but display adult‐like behavior toward pups if previously exposed to newborn siblings and maternal fluids. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 189–200, 2015.
Hyaluronan dermal fillers via crosslinking with 1,4‐butandiol diglycidyl ether: Exploitation of heterogeneous reaction conditions
Authors: La Gatta Annalisa , Papa Agata , Schiraldi Chiara , De Rosa Mario 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMost of hyaluronan (HA)‐based dermal fillers currently available on the market are produced through biopolymer crosslinking with 1,4‐butandiol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE). Chemical modification is usually performed on the biopolymer dissolved in a highly alkaline aqueous medium (homogeneous conditions). Heterogeneous conditions for HA reaction with BDDGE were exploited here to obtain competitive HA fillers and to assess potential improvements in production process. Optimal parameters for effective reaction accomplishment were evaluated (e.g., medium composition, temperature and time of reaction). HA was modified with increasing BDDGE/HA equivalents (7–14%) achieving 66–74% (w/w) biopolymer insolubility. Hydrogels exhibited high swelling extent and outstanding resistance to enzymatic degradation decreasing and improving according to crosslinking degree, respectively. Once suspended in physiological solution (20 mg/mL), these products directly formed easy‐to‐extrude gels through 27–29 G needles. Gel particle dimensions were in the range 10–1000 µm. Rheological analyses revealed decreasing viscosity with the shear rate and G′ values in the range 1200–1700 Pa. Overall, results of the in vitro characterization demonstrated the attainment of crosslinked HA particles suitable for application as dermal fillers. These new gels proved superior to similar commercialized products in terms of stability to enzymatic hydrolysis. Further, the protocol assessed allowed interesting improvements over conventional manufacturing procedures. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 9–18, 2016.
In vivo biocompatibility of boron doped and nitrogen included conductive‐diamond for use in medical implants
Authors: Garrett David J. , Saunders Alexia L. , McGowan Ceara , Specks Joscha , Ganesan Kumaravelu , Meffin Hamish , Williams Richard A. , Nayagam David A.X. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRecently, there has been interest in investigating diamond as a material for use in biomedical implants. Diamond can be rendered electrically conducting by doping with boron or nitrogen. This has led to inclusion of boron doped and nitrogen included diamond elements as electrodes and/or feedthroughs for medical implants. As these conductive device elements are not encapsulated, there is a need to establish their clinical safety for use in implants. This article compares the biocompatibility of electrically conducting boron doped diamond (BDD) and nitrogen included diamond films and electrically insulating poly crystalline diamond films against a silicone negative control and a BDD sample treated with stannous octoate as a positive control. Samples were surgically implanted into the back muscle of a guinea pig for a period of 4–15 weeks, excised and the implant site sectioned and submitted for histological analysis. All forms of diamond exhibited a similar or lower thickness of fibrotic tissue encapsulating compared to the silicone negative control samples. All forms of diamond exhibited similar or lower levels of acute, chronic inflammatory, and foreign body responses compared to the silicone negative control indicating that the materials are well tolerated in vivo. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 19–26, 2016.
Effect of co‐inoculation with yeast and bacteria on chemical and sensory characteristics of commercial Cabernet Franc red wine from Switzerland
Authors: Versari Andrea , Patrizi Chiara , Parpinello Giuseppina Paola , Mattioli Alessia Umberta , Pasini Luca , Meglioli Matteo , Longhini Giuseppe 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDMalolactic fermentation (MLF) is a critical step in modern winemaking and the co‐inoculation of lactic acid bacteria with yeasts represents an emerging approach to improve the quality of wine. This study aims to evaluate the effect of inoculation timing on the chemical and sensory characteristics of two commercial Cabernet Franc wines: (i) a control wine in which MLF was inoculated after the completion of alcoholic fermentation (AF); and (ii) a co‐inoculated wine where simultaneous alcoholic and malolactic fermentations occurred.RESULTSBesides the expected full conversion of malic acid into lactic acid, the MLF with co‐inoculum of yeast/bacteria at initial AF allowed for reduced fermentation times, i.e. faster winemaking process. Although important changes in the chemical parameters of wines were found, especially color intensity and volatile compounds, there was a trend on the sensory evaluation of wines with a greater perception of red and ripe fruits in the case of co‐inoculation wine, while the control wine was dominated by notes of spice and herbs. The results of GC/MS analysis showed the largest differences for the 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butanone (acetoin, the reduced form of diacetyl) and isoamyl alcohol concentrations, the former was 3.2 times higher under co‐inoculum conditions, whereas the latter showed the opposite behavior.CONCLUSIONThe co‐inoculation protocol proposed is a valuable choice for innovative winemaking of Cabernet Franc wines, and results from a large‐scale winemaking process are provided for the first time. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Echo time dependence of observed T1 in the human lung
Authors: Triphan Simon M.F. , Jobst Bertram J. , Breuer Felix A. , Wielpütz Mark O. , Kauczor Hans‐Ulrich , Biederer Jürgen , Jakob Peter M. 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundThis work is intended to demonstrate that T1 measured in the lungs depends on the echo time (TE) used. Measuring lung T1 can be used to gain quantitative morphological and functional information. It is also shown that this dependence is particularly visible when using an ultra‐short TE (UTE) sequence with TE well below 1 ms for T1 quantification in lung tissue, rather than techniques with TE on the order of 1–2 ms.MethodsThe lungs of 12 healthy volunteers (aged 22 to 33 years) were examined at 1.5 Tesla. A segmented inversion recovery Look‐Locker multi‐echo sequence based on two‐dimensional UTE was used for independent T1 quantification at five TEs between TE1 = 70 μs and TE5 = 2.3 ms.ResultsThe measured T1 was found to increase gradually with TE from 1060 ± 40 ms at TE1 to 1389 ± 53 ms at TE5 (P < 0.001).ConclusionMeasuring T1 at ultra‐short echo times reveals a significant dependence of observed T1 on the echo time. Thus, any comparison of T1 values should also consider the TEs used. However, this dependence on TE could also be exploited to gain additional diagnostic information on the tissue compartments in the lung. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:610–616.
Fluorescent Glycopolymer Nanoparticles Based on Aggregation‐Induced Emission Dyes: Preparation and Bioimaging Applications
Authors: Wang Ke , Zhang Xiaoyong , Zhang Xiqi , Yang Bin , Li Zhen , Zhang Qingsong , Huang Zengfang , Wei Yen 
Published: January 2015

Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) dye‐based fluorescent glycopolymers nanoparticles (FGNs) are synthesized with abundant carbohydrate groups on the surface for the first time. This is carried out firstly by free radical polymerization between AIE monomer (PhE) and a renewable biobased monomer itaconic anhydride (ITA), then by the ring‐opening reaction between ITA and glucosamine hydrochloride, to obtain glycopolymers with plenty of glycosyl groups on them. The resulted amphiphilic glycopolymer is prone to self‐assemble into nanoparticles with high water dispersibility due to the surplus carboxyl groups and glycosyl groups covered on the surface, which can also be further functionalized. The obtained nanoparticles demonstrate strong fluorescence emission, owning to the AIE dyes in the core of nanoparticles. Biocompatibility evaluation and cell uptake behavior of the nanoparticles are further investigated to explore their potential biomedical applications; the demonstrated excellent biocompatibility makes them promising for cell imaging.
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Facile Fabrication of Macroporous PLGA Microspheres via Double‐Pickering Emulsion Templates
Authors: Hu Yang , Zou Shengwen , Yang Yu , Tong Zhen , Wang Chaoyang 
Published: January 2015

Porous poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres with a well‐defined pore structure are easily and effectively fabricated, from water‐in‐oil‐in‐water (W/O/W) double‐Pickering emulsions formed by one‐step emulsification. The water phase containing hydrophilic silica (SiO2) nanoparticles is emulsified with dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) solution of PLGA to directly obtain W/O/W double‐Pickering emulsions. The influences of the PLGA concentration, composition and molecular weight, SiO2 nanoparticle concentration, and volume ratio of oil to water on the morphology structure of the double emulsions are systematically investigated. The porous PLGA microspheres are facilely produced by evaporating the CH2Cl2 and water in the double emulsions. The pore structure of the porous PLGA microspheres can be modulated simply by varying the PLGA concentration. Finally, potential mechanisms for the one‐step fabrication of double‐Pickering emulsions and porous PLGA microspheres are proposed. This work opens up a new and simple route to fabricate porous PLGA microspheres, which are suitable for biomedical applications.
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Cysteine‐Functional Polymers via Thiol‐ene Conjugation
Authors: Kuhlmann Matthias , Reimann Oliver , Hackenberger Christian P. R. , Groll Jürgen 
Published: January 2015

A thiofunctional thiazolidine is introduced as a new low‐molar‐mass building block for the introduction of cysteine residues via a thiol‐ene reaction. Allyl‐functional polyglycidol (PG) is used as a model polymer to demonstrate polymer‐analogue functionalization through reaction with the unsaturated side‐chains. A modified trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBSA) assay is used for the redox‐insensitive quantification and a precise final cysteine content can be predetermined at the polymerization stage. Native chemical ligation at cysteine‐functional PG is performed as a model reaction for a chemoselective peptide modification of this polymer. The three‐step synthesis of the thiofunctional thiazolidine reactant, together with the standard thiol‐ene coupling and the robust quantification assay, broadens the toolbox for thiol‐ene chemistry and offers a generic and straightforward approach to cysteine‐functional materials.
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The mutation profile of JAK2, MPL and CALR in Mexican patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Labastida-Mercado Nancy , Galindo-Becerra Samantha , Garcés-Eisele Javier , Colunga-Pedraza Perla , Guzman-Olvera Valeria , Reyes-Nuñez Virginia , Ruiz-Delgado Guillermo J , Ruiz-Argüelles Guillermo J 
Published: January 2015

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:
By using molecular markers, it is possible to gain information on both the classification and etiopathogenesis of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasias (MPN).

METHODS:
In a group of 27 Mexican mestizo patients with MPNs, we studied seven molecular markers: the BCR/ABL1 fusion gene, the JAK2 V617F mutation, the JAK2 exon 12 mutations, the MPL W515L mutation, the MPL W515K mutation, and the calreticulin (CALR) exon 9 deletion or insertion. Patients with the BCR/ ABL1 fusion gene were excluded. We studied 14 patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), eight with polycythemia vera (PV), four with primary myelofibrosis (MF), and one with undifferentiated MPN.

RESULTS:
We found twelve individuals with the JAK2 V617F mutation; five of them had been clinically classified as PV, five as ET, and one as MF. One patient with the MPL W515L was identified with a clinical picture of ET. Five patients with the CALR mutation were identified, four ET and one MF. No individuals with either the MPL W515K mutation or the JAK2 exon 12 mutations were identified. The most consistent relationship was that between PV and the JAK2 V617F mutation (p = .01).

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite its small size, the study shows much less prevalence of JAK2 mutation in PV, ET and MF, which does not match international data.
On long-term boundedness of Galerkin models
Authors: Schlegel Michael , Noack Bernd R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe investigate linear–quadratic dynamical systems with energy-preserving quadratic terms. These systems arise for instance as Galerkin systems of incompressible flows. A criterion is presented to ensure long-term boundedness of the system dynamics. If the criterion is violated, a globally stable attractor cannot exist for an effective nonlinearity. Thus, the criterion can be considered a minimum requirement for control-oriented Galerkin models of viscous fluid flows. The criterion is exemplified, for example, for Galerkin systems of two-dimensional cylinder wake flow models in the transient and the post-transient regime, for the Lorenz system and for wall-bounded shear flows. There are numerous potential applications of the criterion, for instance, system reduction and control of strongly nonlinear dynamical systems.