bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Femoral cartilage thickness measured on MRI varies among individuals: Time to deepen one of the principles of kinematic alignment in total knee arthroplasty. A systematic review
Authors: Giurazza Giancarlo , Caria Clemente , Campi Stefano , Franceschetti Edoardo , Papalia Giuseppe Francesco , Basciani Susanna , Zampoli Andrea , Gregori Pietro , Papalia Rocco , Marinozzi Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeKinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (KA TKA), as a pure resurfacing procedure, is based on matching implant thickness with bone cut and kerf thickness, plus cartilage wear. However, the assumption of a consistent 2 mm femoral cartilage thickness remains unproven. This study aimed to systematically review the available literature concerning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of femoral cartilage thickness in non‐arthritic patients. Our hypothesis was that cartilage thickness values would vary significantly among individuals, thereby challenging the established KA paradigm of ‘one‐cartilage‐fits‐all’.MethodsSystematic literature searches (Pubmed, Scopus and Cochrane Library) followed PRISMA guidelines. English‐language studies assessing distal and posterior femoral cartilage thickness using MRI in non‐arthritic adults were included. Studies lacking numerical cartilage thickness data, involving post‐operative MRI, considering total femoro‐tibial cartilage thickness, or failing to specify the compartment of the knee being studied were excluded.ResultsOverall, 27 studies comprising 8170 MRIs were analysed. Weighted mean femoral cartilage thicknesses were: 2.05 ± 0.62 mm (mean range 1.06–2.6) for the distal medial condyle, 1.95 ± 0.4 mm (mean range 1.15–2.5) for the distal lateral condyle, 2.44 ± 0.5 mm (mean range 1.37–2.6) for the posterior medial condyle and 2.27 ± 0.38 mm (mean range 1.48–2.5) for the posterior lateral condyle.DiscussionFemoral cartilage thickness varies significantly across patients. In KA TKA, relying on a fixed thickness of 2 mm may jeopardize the accurate restoration of individual anatomy, leading to errors in implant coronal and rotational alignment. An intraoperative assessment of cartilage thickness may be advisable to express the KA philosophy at its full potential.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Rising rates of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in Australian adults: An analysis of Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule database
Authors: Campbell Ryan J. , An Vincent , Molnar Robert , Sivakumar Brahman S. , Symes Michael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is an evolving field, though there remains sparse epidemiological data on the treatment of ACL ruptures. The objective of this study is to analyse the trends in the rate of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) in adult patients over the past two decades in the Australian population.MethodsThe incidence of ACLR between 2001 and 2020 in patients 15 years and over was analysed using the Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) database. The data reflect patients with private health coverage (45% of the Australian population). An offset term was introduced using national population data to account for population changes over the study period.ResultsA total of 160,353 ACLRs were performed in Australia under the MBS in the 20‐year period from 2001 to 2020. An annual increase in the total volume and per capita rate of ACLRs was found (p < 0.05). The annual volume of cases increased by 82%, from 5512 in 2001 to a peak of 10,011 in 2017. This increase was seen across all age groups (p < 0.05) and both sexes (p < 0.05), with a greater proportion of reconstructions performed on males (n = 102,357, 64%) than females (n = 57,996, 36%). In 2020, the rate of adult ACLRs decreased to a level last seen in 2004, likely due to the effects of COVID‐19.ConclusionsThe incidence of ACLR in adult patients has increased in Australia over the 20‐year study period. The trends noted provide information that can be used to guide resource allocation and health provision in the future.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Impact of Processing on the Bioactive Compounds and Antinutritional Factors of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.)—A Review
Authors: Dewan Md. Forshed , Shams Shahjadi‐Nur‐Us , Haque M. Amdadul 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTLentil (Lens culinaris L.) is an ancient leguminous crop, with its seeds eaten in numerous forms in throughout the world. Along with macronutrients and micronutrients, it provides a range of non‐nutritional constituents, which are categorized as bioactive compounds. These compounds have immense roles in maintaining biological functions in plants and animal kingdom. Bioactive compounds in lentils consist of phenolic compounds, pigment, tocopherol, flavonoids, lectins, oxalic acid, phytic acid, and so forth. Some of these compounds are regarded as antinutritional factors (ANFs) because they prevent nutrients from being absorbed. Processing methods such as cooking, germination, fermentation, dehulling, milling, and extrusion can drastically reduce the amount of ANFs contained in lentils. The primary objective of dehulling and milling is not to reduce or eliminate the ANFs of lentils but to increase their feasibility for using in various food applications. However, the processing stresses may result good or bad effects on the bioactive molecules as well. For instance, the raw lentils may not contain any γ‐aminobutyric acid, but following germination and fermentation, it becomes abundant. In this article, we reviewed the studies on the impact assessment of processing techniques on the bioactive components of lentils. By combining existing literature, this review fills a knowledge gap on the ways that processing methods affect lentils' bioactive properties and offers valuable guidance for dietary applications and informed consumer choices. Lentils can cater to recent consumer trends for increasing preference of plant‐based proteins by offering nutrient‐dense and healthy dietary options.
A model of academic‐practice collaboration for facilitating informatics capacity and building a learning health system framework in public health
Authors: Rajamani Sripriya , Solarz Sarah , Muscoplat Miriam Halstead , Schmit Aasa Dahlberg , Gonderinger Ann , Brueske Chris , Fritz Jennifer , Emerson Emily , Melton Genevieve B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe data modernization initiative (DMI) is a multi‐year, multi‐billion‐dollar endeavor toward a robust public health information infrastructure. The various DMI projects (interoperability, analytics, workforce, governance) present an opportunity for a learning health system (LHS) framework in public health. The objective is to share an academic‐practice partnership model between the University of Minnesota (UMN) and the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) in advancing public health informatics (PHI) and its relationship to an LHS model.MethodsThe UMN‐MDH partnership was conceptualized in 2018 as a 1‐year pilot with annual renewals through a time/cost‐sharing faculty position with PHI expertise. The partnership focus was decided based on MDH's needs and mutual interests, with the core collaborating faculty (SR) being an embedded researcher at MDH. Responsibilities included supporting electronic case reporting (eCR), interoperability projects, and assisting MDH staff with PHI presentations/publications. The partnership has expanded to PHI workforce development through a national grant and now includes an interest in applying the LHS framework to MDH‐DMI work.ResultsThe MDH‐DMI team has embarked upon 13 projects for assessment through an LHS approach: systems interoperability projects between MDH and healthcare/local public health (n = 6); systems modernization for MDH programs (n = 5); informatics workforce development (n = 1); and program governance (n = 1). Each project has been evaluated and/or has current/future assessment plans to synthesize learnings and create a feedback loop for iterative improvement. The partnership has been mutually beneficial as it met agreed upon metrics across both institutions. The program's productivity is showcased with shared authorship in 10 peer‐reviewed proceedings/publications, 22 presentations and 16 posters across local/national conferences.ConclusionThe current case report of the UMN‐MDH partnership is a relatively recent exemplar to support tangible LHS demonstration in public health. Building LHS momentum at MDH and other public health entities will require LHS champion(s) and continued academic collaboration.
ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE: WHEN DIGNITY AND FAIRNESS JOIN FORCES
Authors: Carucci Ron A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe author, a longtime author and co‐founder and managing partner at Navalent, presents his research on dignity and fairness within organizations. In the “15‐year study, interviews with nearly 3,200 leaders from across industries, public and private sectors, non‐profits, and organizational levels were included.” Challenging topics are discussed, partly through short anecdotes about uncomfortable situations revolving around these topics in organizations, and how leaders can handle them more deftly, while increasing dignity, justice, and fairness throughout their organizations. These topics include bullying and other unacceptable behaviors, hiring, feedback, and whose story gets told and whose does not. Also, who gets “a seat at the table,” and why, especially if it is because of the organizational title they hold, or what department or function they represent. The author concludes that “if you want to stem the tide of the mass exodus of great talent leaving organizations for less toxic, more joyful environments to work, start today by righting the wrongs you know have long served to send great talent out the doors.”
Anti‐Inflammatory Drugs‐Modified Poly(2‐Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Particles as Anticancer Drug Carriers
Authors: Ghaffari Shima , Golshan Marzieh , Jalili Kiyumars , Salami‐Kalajahi Mehdi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is modified by ibuprofen and diclofenac as anti‐inflammatory drugs to synthesize ibuprofen‐HEMA and diclofenac‐HEMA monomers. Then, poly(ibuprofen‐HEMA‐co‐HEMA) (PIHH), poly(diclofenac‐HEMA‐co‐HEMA) (PDHH), and poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) particles are prepared by distillation precipitation polymerization. The morphology and size of the particles are investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). It is observed that all particles are spherical and with sizes of 298.3 nm for PHEMA, 178.8 nm for PDHH, and 85.2 nm for PIHH, respectively. Doxorubicin drug is loaded into the prepared particles and the drug release behavior is investigated for all the particles at two different pH values of 7.4 and 5.3. The release of the drug in acidic pH is higher due to the better solubility of DOX in acidic environment and the faster release of DOX molecules from nanocarriers. The toxicity of particles is also investigated and it is observed that by loading the drug into the PHEMA particles, the release of the drug causes fewer toxic effects than in the free state (drug without any nanocarrier), and the presence of ibuprofen and diclofenac in the particles, that is, PIHH and PDHH, led to a significant reduction in the cytotoxicity.
Crystallization‐Driven Controlled 2D Self‐Assemblies via Aqueous RAFT Emulsion Polymerization
Authors: Yu Li , Cui Yuhong , Xing Mingxue , Sun Yuemeng , Li Zhengxiao , Liu Yingchun , Qu Xiongwei , Chen Shengli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAqueous emulsion polymerization is a robust technique for preparing nanoparticles of block copolymers; however, it typically yields spherical nanoassemblies. The scale preparation of nanoassemblies with nonspherical high‐order morphologies is a challenge, particularly 2D core–shell nanosheets. In this study, the polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) and crystallization‐driven self‐assembly (CDSA) are combined to demonstrate the preparation of 2D nanosheets and their aggregates via aqueous reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) emulsion polymerization. First, the crucial crystallizable component for CDSA, hydroxyethyl methacrylate polycaprolactone (HPCL) macromonomer is synthesized by ring opening polymerization (ROP). Subsequently, the RAFT emulsion polymerization of HPCL is conducted to generate crystallizable nanomicelles by a grafting‐through approach. This PISA process simultaneously prepared spherical latices and bottlebrush block copolymers comprising poly(N′,N′‐dimethylacrylamide)‐block‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate polycaprolactone) (PDMA‐b‐PHPCL). The latexes are now served as seeds for inducing the formation of 2D hexagonal nanosheets, bundle‐shaped and flower‐like aggregation via the CDSA of PHPCL segments and unreacted HPCL during cooling. Electron microscope analysis trace the morphology evolution of these 2D nanoparticles and reveal that an appropriate crystallized component of PHPCL blocks play a pivotal role in forming a hierarchical structure. This work demonstrates significant potential for large‐scale production of 2D nanoassemblies through RAFT emulsion polymerization.
ITGB3‐enriched extracellular vesicles mediate the formation of osteoclastic pre‐metastatic niche to promote lung adenocarcinoma bone metastasis
Authors: Qiu Rong , Deng Yan , Lu Yue , Liu Xingyu , Huang Qin , Du Yuzhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe regulatory mechanisms underlying bone metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are not yet fully understood despite the frequent occurrence of bone involvement. This study aimed to examine the involvement and mechanism of integrin subunit beta 3 (ITGB3) in the process of LUAD bone metastasis. Our findings indicate that ITGB3 facilitates the migration and invasion of LUAD cells in vitro and metastasis to the bone in vivo. Furthermore, ITGB3 stimulates osteoclast production and activation, thereby expediting osteolytic lesion progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from the conditioned medium (CM) of LUAD cells overexpressing ITGB3 determined that ITGB3 facilitates osteoclastogenesis and enhances osteoclast activity by utilizing EVs‐mediated transport to RAW264.7 cells. Our in vivo findings demonstrated that ITGB3‐EVs augmented the population of osteoclasts, thereby establishing an osteoclastic pre‐metastatic niche (PMN) conducive to the colonization and subsequent growth of LUAD cells in the bone. ITGB3 is enriched in serum EVs of patients diagnosed with LUAD bone metastasis, potentially facilitating osteoclast differentiation and activation in vitro. Our research illustrates that ITGB3‐EVs derived from LUAD cells facilitate osteoclast differentiation and activation by modulating the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK. This process ultimately leads to the generation of osteolytic PMN and accelerates the progression of bone metastasis.
Oncogenic fusion of CD63‐BCAR4 contributes cancer stem cell‐like properties via ALDH1 activity
Authors: Bae Kieun , Kim Dong Eon , Kim Jin Hee , Lee Ja Young , Yoon Kyong‐Ah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGene fusions are common somatic alterations in cancers, and fusions with tumorigenic features have been identified as novel drivers of cancer and therapeutic targets. Few studies have determined whether the oncogenic ability of fusion genes is related to the induction of stemness in cells. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subset of cells that contribute to cancer progression, metastasis, and recurrence, and are critical components of the aggressive features of cancer. Here, we investigated the CSC‐like properties induced by CD63‐BCAR4 fusion gene, previously reported as an oncogenic fusion, and its potential contribution for the enhanced metastasis as a notable characteristic of CD63‐BCAR4. CD63‐BCAR4 overexpression facilitates sphere formation in immortalized bronchial epithelial cells. The significantly enhanced sphere‐forming activity observed in tumor‐derived cells from xenografted mice of CD63‐BCAR4 overexpressing cells was suppressed by silencing of BCAR4. RNA microarray analysis revealed that ALDH1A1 was upregulated in the BCAR4 fusion‐overexpressing cells. Increased activity and expression of ALDH1A1 were observed in the spheres of CD63‐BCAR4 overexpressing cells compared with those of the empty vector. CD133 and CD44 levels were also elevated in BCAR4 fusion‐overexpressing cells. Increased NANOG, SOX2, and OCT‐3/4 protein levels were observed in metastatic tumor cells derived from mice injected with CD63‐BCAR4 overexpressing cells. Moreover, DEAB, an ALDH1A1 inhibitor, reduced the migration activity induced by CD63‐BCAR4 as well as the sphere‐forming activity. Our findings suggest that CD63‐BCAR4 fusion induces CSC‐like properties by upregulating ALDH1A1, which contributes to its metastatic features.
Inhibition of XPR1‐dependent phosphate efflux induces mitochondrial dysfunction: A potential molecular target therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma?
Authors: Liao Zi‐qiang , Lv Yang‐feng , Kang Mei‐diao , Ji Yu‐long , Liu Yue , Wang Le‐ran , Tang Jia‐liang , Deng Zhi‐Qiang , Yi Yun , Tang Qun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractXenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 (XPR1) is the only known transporter associated with Pi efflux in mammals, and its impact on tumor progression is gradually being revealed. However, the role of XPR1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. A bioinformatics screen for the phosphate exporter XPR1 was performed in HCC patients. The expression of XPR1 in clinical specimens was analyzed using quantitative real‐time PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemical assays. Knockdown of the phosphate exporter XPR1 was performed by shRNA transfection to investigate the cellular phenotype and phosphate‐related cytotoxicity of the Huh7 and HLF cell lines. In vivo tests were conducted to investigate the tumorigenicity of HCC cells xenografted into immunocompromised mice after silencing XPR1. Compared with that in paracancerous tissue, XPR1 expression in HCC tissues was markedly upregulated. High XPR1 expression significantly correlated with poor patient survival. Silencing of XPR1 leads to decreased proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation in HCC cells. Mechanistically, knockdown of XPR1 causes an increase in intracellular phosphate levels; mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate levels; increased reactive oxygen species levels; abnormal mitochondrial morphology; and downregulation of key mitochondrial fusion, fission, and inner membrane genes. This ultimately results in mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis. These findings reveal the prognostic value of XPR1 in HCC progression and, more importantly, suggest that XPR1 might be a potential therapeutic target.
Alpha tACS Improves Cognition and Modulates Neurotransmission in Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Benussi Alberto , Cantoni Valentina , Rivolta Jasmine , Zoppi Nicola , Cotelli Maria Sofia , Bianchi Marta , Cotelli Maria , Borroni Barbara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is characterized by a marked shift of electroencephalographic (EEG) power and dominant rhythm, from the α toward the θ frequency range. Transcranial alternate current stimulation (tACS) is a non‐invasive brain stimulation technique that allows entrainment of cerebral oscillations at desired frequencies.ObjectivesOur goal is to evaluate the effects of occipital α‐tACS on cognitive functions and neurophysiological measures in patients with DLB.MethodsWe conducted a double‐blind, randomized, sham‐controlled, cross‐over clinical trial in 14 participants with DLB. Participants were randomized to receive either α‐tACS (60 minutes of 3 mA peak‐to‐peak stimulation at 12 Hz) or sham stimulation applied over the occipital cortex. Clinical evaluations were performed to assess visuospatial and executive functions, as well as verbal episodic memory. Neurophysiological assessments and EEG recordings were conducted at baseline and following both α‐tACS and sham stimulations.ResultsOccipital α‐tACS was safe and well‐tolerated. We observed a significant enhancement in visuospatial abilities and executive functions, but no improvement in verbal episodic memory. We observed an increase in short latency afferent inhibition, a neurophysiological marker indirectly and partially dependent on cholinergic transmission, coinciding with an increase in α power and a decrease in Δ power following α‐tACS stimulation, effects not seen with sham stimulation.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that occipital α‐tACS is safe and enhances visuospatial and executive functions in patients with DLB. Improvements in indirect markers of cholinergic transmission and EEG changes indicate significant neurophysiological engagement. These findings justify further exploration of α‐tACS as a therapeutic option for DLB patients. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Design of distributed impedance‐matching networks for ultra‐wideband low‐noise amplifiers
Authors: Kim Nam‐Tae 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn ultra‐wideband low‐noise amplifier (LNA) design was developed based on distributed network synthesis to achieve impedance matching of an active device by parasitic absorption. The equivalent device models of a low‐noise device were generated using negative‐image device modeling and traveling‐wave matching, and matching circuits were produced using the Chebyshev approximation. The minimum insertion loss and ripple of the matching networks were adjusted correctly to allow the parasitic absorption to match the device models. This paper describes the design methodology for distributed matching circuits and its application to the design of an ultra‐wideband LNA.
Investigating orthogonal frequency division multiplexing using high‐power LED for visible light communication
Authors: Paliwal Rajat , Patel Piyush , Atieh Ahmad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSpectrally efficient 16 quadrature amplitude modulation‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (QAM‐OFDM) system using specifications of commercially available high‐power phosphorous coated LED (PLED) is proposed in this study. To address the challenges of signal attenuation and limited bandwidth, systems integrated with a band pass filter (BPF) after the photodetector and optical preamplifier. The effect of BPF bandwidth and preamplifier gain on the performance of 16 QAM‐OFDM system have been investigated. Results demonstrated that 375 MHz bandwidth evaluated from 1.5 × symbol rate, offered an optimum performance achieving minimum bit‐error‐rate of 3.05 × 10−4. For preamplifier gain of 20 dB, we achieved a maximum distance of 3 m which is limited to 1.5 m for lower gain values. With BPF‐optimized bandwidth and a preamplifier gain of 20 dB, we have achieved a data rate of 5 Gbps for maximum distance up to 2 m while considering the super‐forward‐error‐correction limit of 1.863 × 10−2. With data rate of 6 and 7 Gbps, the distance lower down to 1.8 and 1.5 m, respectively.