bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aggression as a Motive for Gossip During Conflict: The Role of Power, Social Value Orientation, and Counterpart's Behavior
Authors: Jeuken Emile , Beersma Bianca , ten Velden Femke S. , Dijkstra Maria T. M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNot much is known about the motives behind the use of gossip in conflict situations. We report a laboratory experiment that examined the influence of social value orientation, counterpart's behavior, and power on the motive to use gossip for indirect aggression in a conflict situation. Results showed that when participants had high power, their social value orientation determined whether they were motivated to gossip to indirectly aggress toward their counterpart: Proself participants showed a higher motivation to do so than prosocial participants. In contrast, when participants had low power, the motive to engage in indirect aggression through gossip was influenced by the counterpart's behavior: Participants who encountered a competitive counterpart showed a higher motivation to aggress through gossip than participants who encountered a cooperative counterpart.
UV Sensitivity of Vegetative and Reproductive Tissues of Two Antarctic Brown Algae is Related to Differential Allocation of Phenolic Substances
Authors: Huovinen Pirjo , Gómez Iván 
Published: July 2015

AbstractUV sensitivity of the vegetative and reproductive tissues of two Antarctic brown macroalgae was compared. Photosynthesis as well as the content and localization of phenolic substances were determined. Responses to UV radiation were quantified as chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm). Ascoseira mirabilis showed high UV tolerance, while in Cystosphaera jacquinotii Fv/Fm decreased by 15–21%, the receptacles being more tolerant than the vegetative blades. The phlorotannin contents showed an opposite pattern: the soluble fraction dominated in C. jacquinotii while in A. mirabilis the insoluble fraction was more abundant. Soluble phlorotannins were higher in the reproductive than in vegetative tissues in both species. Images of tissue cross‐sections under violet‐blue light excitation confirmed a high allocation of phenolic compounds (as blue autofluorescence) in C. jacquinotii, both in reproductive and vegetative blades. The allocation and proportions of the soluble and insoluble phlorotannins could be related with the observed UV tolerance of the vegetative and reproductive tissues.
A resolution enhancement algorithm for an asymmetric resolution stereo video
Authors: Ge Jing , Liu Ju , Zhao Yunlong , Zhang Boyang 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper presents a resolution enhancement algorithm in an asymmetric resolution stereo video for improving the video resolution. In this stereo video architecture, a scene is captured by two cameras to form two views, one view is a lower-resolution video and the other is a full-resolution video. The goal is to enhance the lower-resolution video to a full-resolution video. In the lower-resolution video, frames synchronized with full-resolution video are enhanced via disparity estimation algorithm, while the rest frames are improved by mono-view video super-resolution based on key frames method. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for both visual and objective qualities.
Scheduling Homogeneous Impatient Customers
Authors: Bassamboo Achal , Randhawa Ramandeep Singh 
Published: July 2015

Customer impatience has become an integral component of analyzing services, especially in the context of call centers. Typically, when customers arrive to such systems, they seem identical or homogeneous; however, from the system’s perspective, as they wait in the queue, their residual willingness to wait changes. For instance, a customer who has already waited for 10 minutes may have a different residual willingness to wait compared with a customer who has only waited for 1 minute. In this manner, as time progresses, customers become differentiated on their estimated patience levels. We exploit this dimension of customer heterogeneity to construct scheduling policies in overloaded systems that dynamically prioritize customers based on their time in queue to optimize any given system performance metric. Interestingly, the optimal policy has a very simple structure, and we find that implementing it can lead to significant improvements over the first-come, first-served policy. This paper was accepted by Noah Gans, stochastic models and simulation.
Evaluating the effectiveness of the Voxel-Man TempoSurg virtual reality simulator in facilitating learning mastoid surgery
Authors: Reddy-Kolanu Guna , Alderson David 
Published: July 2015

INTRODUCTION The Chief Medical Officer's 2008 annual report highlighted the importance of simulation in medical training. 1 Simulator development has focused on increasing authenticity and fidelity. Development has not necessarily been guided by evidence for educational improvement. On reviewing 34 years of literature, Issenberg et al identified ten features of high-fidelity medical simulators that facilitate learning. 2 This study compares cadaveric temporal bone (CTB) simulation with the Voxel-Man TempoSurg (VT) virtual reality simulator in addressing these features. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A questionnaire was designed comparing the VT with CTB. Fourteen trainees and six consultants completed the questionnaire after using the simulator. RESULTS The VT is better at allowing repetitive practice, ease of control of difficulty, and capturing clinical and pathological variation. The VT is as good as CTB in curriculum integration, allowing multiple learning strategies, providing a controlled environment, individualising learning and defining benchmarks. It appears worse with regards to face validity and feedback. CONCLUSIONS Virtual reality simulation and CTB have features that allow effective learning. Some of these are common to both, in some CTB is better and in others virtual reality is better. Virtual reality could be a significant mode of learning supplementary to CTB and experience in the operating theatre.
Reconstruction of perineal defects
Authors: Mughal M , Baker RJ , Muneer A , Mosahebi A 
Published: July 2015

Introduction Perineal defects are commonly encountered in an oncological setting although they may also present as a result of trauma and infection (eg following Fournier’s gangrene). Reconstruction of these poses functional as well as aesthetic challenges. Skin coverage and tissue volume may both be required in addition to anogenital preservation or reconstruction. General prerequisites of an adequate reconstruction of perineal defects include provision of skin cover, well vascularised tissue to fill the dead space (reducing fluid collection and infection), vulvovaginal reconstruction and no faecal or urinary contamination. Methods A literature search was performed using PubMed and MEDLINE®. The search terms included ‘perineal defects’, ‘perineal reconstruction’, ‘perforator flaps for perineum’, ‘vulval flaps’, ‘secondary healing of wound’ and ‘vacuum assisted closure’. Backward chaining of reference lists from retrieved papers was also used to expand the search. Findings Modern developments have led to an increased expectation in improved quality of life as the main goal of reconstruction, therefore necessitating surgery with less morbidity and early return to normal activity. Progress in microsurgical procedures has been the main recent advance in perineal reconstruction and, in future, refinements in perforator flap design and tissue engineering techniques will lead to even better reconstructions.
22-year longitudinal study of repetitive colonoscopy in patients with a family history of colorectal cancer
Authors: Randall JK , Good CS , Gilbert JM 
Published: July 2015

Introduction We report the outcomes of a long-term surveillance programme for individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer. Methods The details of patients undergoing a colonoscopy having been referred on the basis of family history of colorectal cancer were entered prospectively into a database. Further colonoscopy was arranged on the basis of the findings. The outcomes assessed included incidence of cancer and adenoma identification at initial and subsequent colonoscopy. Results The records of 2,293 patients (917 men; median patient age: 51 years) were entered over 22 years, giving data on 3,982 colonoscopies. Eight adverse events (0.2%) were recorded. Twenty-seven cancers were found at first colonoscopy and thirteen developed during the follow-up period. There were significantly more cancers identified in those with more than one first-degree relative with cancer than in other groups (p=0.01). The number of adenomas identified at subsequent surveillance colonoscopies remained constant with between 9.3% and 12.0% of patients having adenomas that were removed. Two-thirds (68%) of patients with cancer and three-quarters (77%) with adenomas fell outside the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) 2006 guidelines. Conclusions Repeated colonoscopy continues to yield significant pathology including new cancers. These continue to occur despite removal of adenomas at prior colonoscopies. The majority of patients with cancers and adenomas fell outside the BSG 2006 guidelines; more would have fallen outside the 2010 guidelines.
Ultrasonography guided rectus sheath catheters versus epidural analgesia for open colorectal cancer surgery in a single centre
Authors: Godden AR , Marshall MJ , Grice AS , Daniels IR 
Published: July 2015

Introduction Epidural anaesthesia (EA) has been the accepted standard for postoperative analgesia in open abdominal surgery. However, it is not without significant risk. This study aimed to audit the effect of EA and ultrasonography placed rectus sheath catheters (RSCs) on analgesia as well as the incidence of postoperative complications following open colorectal cancer surgery. Methods A three-year retrospective case note review was undertaken of all patients undergoing open colorectal cancer surgery at the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital NHS Foundation Trust who received either EA or RSC for postoperative analgesia under the care of the senior authors. A single surgeon and single anaesthetist were practitioners. Results The case notes of 120 patients were reviewed retrospectively: 85 patients had EA and 24 RSC while 11 patients were excluded from the study. The EA group experienced a significantly higher incidence of hypotension (systolic blood pressure <130mmHg) than the RSC group on the first postoperative day (p=0.0001). There was no significant difference in pain score or opiate sparing properties between the groups (p=0.92). There was no significant difference in postoperative respiratory tract infection, anastomotic leak or wound complications between the groups (p=0.2, p=1.0 and p=0.5 respectively). The RSC group had a higher incidence of ileus than the EA group (4/24 vs 2/85, p=0.026). However, the numbers were too small to draw a reliable conclusion. Conclusions The use of ultrasonography guided RSCs has demonstrated effective postoperative analgesia equivalent to EA with the potential benefits of a reduced incidence of hypotension. A prospective randomised trial is now underway to compare RSC and EA in open abdominal and pelvic surgery.
Validating the Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire Against the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition
Authors: McKenzie Karen , Sharples Phil , Murray Aja L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire (LDSQ), a brief screening tool for intellectual disability, was originally validated against the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition (WAIS-III), which was superseded by the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) in the United Kingdom in 2010. This study examines the performance of the LDSQ using the WAIS-IV as the diagnostic intellectual assessment. Based on the original optimal cut-off score, the LDSQ sensitivity value was equivalent (91%) to that obtained in the original validation study, and the specificity value was higher at 92%. This suggests that the LDSQ remains valid when using the WAIS-IV as the comparative intellectual assessment.
Antioxidant activity of some coumarins / Antioxidačná activita niektorých kumarínov
Authors: Šeršeň F. , Lácová M. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Nineteen derivatives of coumarin were tested on the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals. It was found that antioxidant activity exhibits only such coumarins that contain hydroxyl groups. The derivatives without hydroxyl group showed very low antioxidant effectiveness or they were ineffective. On the other hand, the greatest antioxidant effectiveness was exhibited by coumarin derivatives that contained hydroxyl groups in 6 or 8 position, whereas the effectiveness of derivatives with one hydroxyl group in 4, 5 or 7 position was very low. Based on scavenging of the above-mentioned radicals, it was found that the most effective scavengers were 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (i.e. compound that contains two hydroxyl groups in 7 and 8 positions), (7,8-dihydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid (this compound contains in addition to two hydroxyl groups in 7 and 8 positions also one hydroxyl group in the acidic residue), esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin) and 6,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin.
Determination Of Plant Available Soil Water Storage In Agricultural Land Of The Nitra River Catchment
Authors: Tárník Andrej , Igaz Dušan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Soil water storage and its spatial pattern is one of the biggest tasks in agricultural field of study. Correct spatial interpretation and quantification of soil water storage are considered crucial for correct hydrological zonation of agricultural lands. This paper is focused on determination of amount of plants available soil water in the Nitra River Catchment in 2013. Available soil water storage was computed for each quarter of the year (I.–IV.; V.–VIII.; IX.–XII.) for 60 cm soil horizon. Amount of available water was determined as a difference between actual soil moisture and hydrolimits of water availability. Actual soil moisture was interpolated from point’s values from net of hydrological stations in the Nitra River Catchment. Limited water availability was calculated by retention curves from soil samples taken in the Catchment. Available soil water storage was the highest in the first quarter (36.74 mm). In the second quarter, it decreased to 26.93 mm and in the third quarter it was only 4.11 mm. In the fourth quarter, it increased to 30.13 mm.
Development of periphytic diatoms on different artificial substrates in the Eastern Adriatic Sea
Authors: Nenadović Tina , Šarčević Tena , Čižmek Hrvoje , Godrijan Jelena , Pfannkuchen Daniela Marić , Pfannkuchen Martin , Ljubešić Zrinka 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The settling of diatoms as fouling organisms on a certain substrate is greatly influenced by substrate characteristics and the preferences of a diatom community and diatom species. A distinction among substrates can be made by analysing the specific abundance and composition of diatoms on different substrates. In this study, 11 different artificial substrates were exposed to a marine environment for a period of 30 days. Abundance and taxonomic composition of periphytic diatoms was determined on each of the substrates and on shoots of the marine seagrass Posidonia oceanica. The aim was to compare diatom community structure on different newly colonized surfaces. On all surfaces examined, periphytic diatoms were the pioneering organisms with differences in quantitative and qualitative composition on the different substrates. Taxonomic analysis of diatom communities on the substrates examined revealed 41 diatom taxa, with the dominant genera Cylindrotheca, Amphora, Nitzschia, Cocconeis and Navicula. Given that all the examined artificial substrates were solid materials, differences in the abundance and species composition of diatoms found between the materials point to the substrates’ physical and chemical characteristics as a major influence on the final settling of diatoms. Knowledge from investigating the settlement of fouling organisms on anthropogenic substrates can have future use in management of waste materials that end up in the marine environment.
Ochrana duševního vlastnictví v českých technologických firmách – její prostředky, strategie a význam pro firemní rozvoj
Authors: Suchý Václav 
Published: July 2015

Průzkum 150 českých převážně malých a středních inovačních firem z pěti průmyslových sektorů (strojírenství; elektrotechnika; automobilový, letecký a železniční průmysl; tzv. nové technologie; ICT) ukázal, že firmy k ochraně svých inovací využívají hlavně užitných vzorů, patentů a ochranných známek spolu se strategií neustálých inovací, udržováním náskoku před konkurencí a utajováním. Nejintenzivnější ochrana patenty a užitnými vzory, ale současně i utajováním, byla zjištěna u firem v sektoru nových technologií, kde patentuje více než 80 % firem. ICT firmy naopak patentují jenom zřídka a své inovace (software) si chrání především autorskými právy. V celém zkoumaném souboru firem existuje jasná souvislost mezi intenzitou patentování a velikostí firem; menší firmy využívají patentů výrazně méně často než firmy větší. Důvody, proč firmy patenty přihlašují, souvisejí hlavně s obranou proti konkurenčním imitacím, nicméně častým důvodem jsou i strategické úvahy s ochranou inovací přímo nesouvisející (např. blokování konkurence patenty, prevence soudních sporů a hlavně vylepšení firemní pověsti). Dominantním faktorem, který firmy od patentování naopak odrazuje, jsou vysoké finanční náklady nutné k registraci a udržení patentu i k vedení případných soudních sporů. Celkově však bez ohledu na průmyslové sektory, velikost podniku i intenzitu patentování považují firmy za výrazně významnější položku než patenty utajované postupy a utajované know-how. Porovnání s výsledky analogických zahraničních průzkumů ukazuje, že tyto rysy a motivace IP strategií českých firem jsou v zásadě podobné jako u firem v EU a v Severní Americe.
Získané výsledky celkově posilují podezření, známé i z dřívějších zahraničních studií, že současné přespřílišné zaujetí počtem patentů jako indikátorem inovativnosti může být z řady příčin nebezpečně zjednodušující (vlivy specifik různých průmyslových sektorů, velikosti firem aj.). Spíše se zdá, že racionální inovační politika, zejména ve vztahu k MSP, by měla vycházet z podpory využití všech IP nástrojů v celé jejich šíři.
Influence of water addition on mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch foils
Authors: Chocyk Dariusz , Gładyszewska Bożena , Ciupak Anna , Oniszczuk Tomasz , Mościcki Leszek , Rejak Andrzej 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the influence of water on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch films. Experimental observations of Young modulus and the breaking force of thermoplastic starch foils with different percentages of polyvinyl alcohol and keratin additives and screw rotation speeds are reported. Thermoplastic starch foils are prepared by the extrusion method with the bowling from potato starch and glycerol as a plasticizer. Young modulus and the breaking force were determined by the random marker method. Measurements of Young modulus and the breaking force of the films were performed after their production and after dosing with water. It was observed that in all cases Young modulus decreases after dosing with water, but the breaking force lied in the same range. Thermoplastic starch foils produced at the screw rotation speed equal to 60 r.p.m. have the best mechanical properties. The highest value of Young modulus and the breaking force were obtained for samples with a 1% keratin additive.
Magnetic field as a method of improving the quality of sowing material: a review
Authors: Pietruszewski Stanisław , Martínez Elvira 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe effect of magnetic field on the growth and yield of crop plants is presented based on 80 references on the studies of many authors. The introduction gives an outline of the history of the effect of magnetic field on biological organisms including plants since the second half of the 19th century. Then the role of static and alternating magnetic fields is discussed in relation to seed germination, root and stem growth, yield, protein and chlorophyll content, rhizosphere community.
Agglomeration externalities, market structure and employment growth in high-tech industries: Revisiting the evidence
Authors: Cieślik Andrzej , Ghodsi Mahdi 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In this paper we revisit the existing empirical evidence on the effects of various agglomeration externalities and the market structure on employment growth in the high-tech industries of the European Economic Area (EEA). Our study is based on the dynamic panel dataset of two-digit NACE rev 1.1. industries in 285 regions of the European Economic Area for the period 1995-2007. We find that employment growth is negatively related to competition, while localization and urbanization externalities do not seem to affect growth.
Evaporative edge lithography of a liposomal drug microarray for cell migration assays
Authors: Vafai Nicholas , Lowry Troy W. , Wilson Korey A. , Davidson Michael W. , Lenhert Steven 
Published: July 2015

Abstract:Lipid multilayer microarrays are a promising approach to miniaturize laboratory procedures by taking advantage of the microscopic compartmentalization capabilities of lipids. Here, we demonstrate a new method to pattern lipid multilayers on surfaces based on solvent evaporation along the edge where a stencil contacts a surface called evaporative edge lithography (EEL). As an example of an application of this process, we use EEL to make microarrays suitable for a cell-based migration assay. Currently existing cell migration assays require a separate compartment for each drug which is dissolved at a single concentration in solution. An advantage of the lipid multilayer microarray assay is that multiple compounds can be tested on the same surface. We demonstrate this by testing the effect of two different lipophilic drugs, Taxol and Brefeldin A, on collective cell migration into an unpopulated area. This particular assay should be scalable to test of 2000 different lipophilic compounds or dosages on a standard microtiter plate area, or if adapted for individual cell migration, it would allow for high-throughput screening of more than 50,000 compounds per plate.
Separation Of Methionine Enantiomers By Using Teicoplanin And Cyclofructan Columns
Authors: Hroboňová Katarína , Deáková Zuzana , Moravčík Jakub , Lehotay Jozef , Armstrong Daniel W. , Lomenová Anna 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Methionine is a naturally occurring amino acid. Its enantiomeric separation by using high performance liquid chromatography on various types of chiral stationary phases was studied. The effect of mobile phase composition on enantioselectivity and retention was considered. The separation of the enantiomers was attained in different separation modes – reversed phase mode for the macrocyclic antibiotic chiral stationary phases (teicoplanin, teicoplanin aglycone), normal phase and polar organic phase modes for the isopropyl carbamate cyclofructan 6 chiral stationary phase. It was shown that the hydrogen bonding, dipole interactions, steric effects between methionine molecules and stationary phases play an important role in the separation of enantiomers.
Hydrodynamic Study Of Column Bioleaching Processes
Authors: Sadowski Zygmunt , Baranska Joanna A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The modelling of flow leaching solution through the porous media has been considered. The heap bioleaching process can be tested using the column experimental equipment. This equipment was employed to the hydrodynamic studies of copper ore bioleaching. The copper ore (black shale ore) with the support, inertial materials (glass small balls and polyethylene beads) was used to the bioleaching tests. The packed beds were various composition, the ore/support ratio was changed. The correlation between the bed porosity and bioleaching kinetics, and copper recovery was investigated.