bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What has the appraisal for hospitals brought to job satisfaction of healthcare professionals? A cross-sectional survey in China
Authors: Li Xiyang , Lu Mengjie , Shi Chenshu , Song Keyu , Xiao Yuyin , Bian Dongsheng , Xu Shuqiang , Li Guohong 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of hospital appraisals, specifically the Performance Appraisal for Tertiary Public Hospitals (PATPH), and to examine its impact on the job satisfaction of healthcare professionals in tertiary public hospitals in China.DesignA cross-sectional study using a multistage sampling method. Improvements induced by PATPH in the working environment, job satisfaction and other covariates were measured. A series of weighted linear regressions with weights from the inverse probability-of-treatment weighting method were used to examine the effect of PATPH on job satisfaction.SettingNine tertiary public hospitals across three economic and geographic regions in China.ParticipantsIn August 2020, a total of 13 211 hospital employees were surveyed, and 8417 doctors and nurses fully completed questionnaires forming the primary dataset for analysis. Of these respondents, males comprised 18.64% and doctors constituted 28.15%.ResultsThis study revealed that PATPH had a positive impact on the job satisfaction of healthcare professionals. A ‘more effective’ PATPH working environment resulted in an improvement of 9.57 points (95% CI 8.99 to 10.16) in job satisfaction scores, controlling for all other variables. The finding persisted consistently through a series of sensitivity analyses.ConclusionThe findings offered insights and inspiration for improving the job satisfaction of healthcare professionals, especially in the development of macrolevel policies targeted towards organisational enhancement.
Exploring the perceptions of senior medical students on gender and pain: a qualitative study of the interplay between formal and hidden curricula
Authors: Brown Megan E L , Costache Cristina , Bull Parker Stephanie , Parekh Ravi , Laughey William , Kumar Sonia 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveExplore the perceptions of senior medical students on the relationship between gender and pain and examine how formal and hidden curricula in medical education shape their experiences.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional qualitative interview study, using individual semistructured interviews and adhering to interpretative description methodology. We used Braun and Clarke’s reflexive approach to thematic analysis to analyse our data.SettingSix medical schools across the UK. Data collection occurred between the autumn of 2022 and the spring of 2023.Participants14 senior (penultimate or final year) medical students.ResultsWe created three themes, which describe key educational forces shaping students’ experiences of the relationship between gender and pain. These are (1) the sociocultural influencer, (2) the pedagogical influencer and (3) the professorial influencer. Our findings highlight the influence of both wider societal norms and students’ own identities on their experiences. Further, we explore the nature and detrimental role of formal curricular gaps, and negative role modelling as a key mechanism by which a hidden curriculum relating to gender and pain exerts its influence.ConclusionsThese findings have several educational implications, including the need for a more holistic, person-centred approach to pain management within medical school curricula. Additionally, we recommend the creation of reflective spaces to engage students in critical thinking around bias and advocacy from the early stages of their training. We present actionable insights for medical educators to address issues of gender bias and pain management.
Effectiveness of risankizumab induction and maintenance therapy for refractory Crohn’s disease: a real-world experience from a preapproval access programme and early access to medicines scheme
Authors: Zare Benjamin , Gros Beatriz , Lal Natasha , Dawson Patrick , Sharma Esha , Dart Robin J , Lim Samuel , Ray Shuvra , Anderson Simon H C , Mawdsley Joel , Irving Peter M , Lees Charlie W , Samaan Mark A 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveSince approval in Crohn’s disease (CD) of risankizumab, there has been widespread use. Real-world data are, however, limited and our aim is to address that gap.Design/methodWe performed a retrospective, observational study of risankizumab use in patients with CD starting treatment between January 2021 and January 2023 at two UK centres. Clinical activity, biochemical and faecal biomarkers were measured at baseline, weeks 4, 12, 28 and 52. The primary outcome was clinical response at weeks 12, 28 and 52.Results53 patients (51% women); median (range) age 40 years (20–70); median disease duration 15 years (6–52). Clinical response was observed in 33% (n=14/42), 45% (n=17/38) and 52% (n=13/25), and clinical remission in 31% (n=13/42), 40% (n=15/38) and 44% (n=11/25) at weeks 12, 28 and 52, respectively. Median C reactive protein decreased from 12 mg/L (IQR: 4–30; n=50) at baseline to 6 mg/L (IQR: 2–16; p=0.03 vs baseline; n=49) at week 12, 3 mg/L (IQR: 2–8, p=0.003; n=44) at week 28 and 3 mg/L (IQR 1–4, p=0.007; n=31) at week 52. Median faecal calprotectin concentration was 668 µg/g (IQR: 246–1098; n=32) at baseline, 298 µg/g (IQR: 176–546, p=NS; n=21) at week 12, 358 µg/g (IQR: 133–622, p=0.03; n=14) at week 28 and 63 µg/g (IQR: 38–120, p=0.007; n=12) at week 52.12 out of 18 patients discontinued corticosteroids at week 12, 16 by week 28 and 18 by week 52. Four major adverse events—three elective and one emergency surgery—were recorded.ConclusionRisankizumab is effective in a refractory real-world population with CD.
Impact of COVID-19 on recorded blood pressure screening and hypertension management in England: an analysis of monthly changes in the quality and outcomes framework indicators in OpenSAFELY
Authors: Wiedemann Milan , Speed Victoria , Cunningham Christine , Higgins Rose , Curtis Helen J , Andrews Colm , Fisher Louis , Hopcroft Lisa , Rentsch Christopher T , Mahalingasivam Viyaasan , Tomlinson Laurie , Morton Caroline , Samuel Miriam , Green Amelia , Wood Christopher , Brown Andrew D , Massey Jon , Walters Caroline , Smith Rebecca M , Inglesby Peter , Evans David , Maude Steven , Dillingham Iain , Walker Alex J , Morley Jessica , Mehrkar Amir , Bacon Seb , Bates Chris , Cockburn Jonathan , Parry John , Hester Frank , McManus Richard J , Goldacre Ben , MacKenna Brian 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic disrupted cardiovascular disease management in primary care in England.ObjectiveTo describe the impact of the pandemic on blood pressure screening and hypertension management based on a national quality of care scheme (Quality and Outcomes Framework, QOF) across key demographic, regional and clinical subgroups.MethodsWith NHS England approval, a population-based cohort study was conducted using OpenSAFELY-TPP on 25.2 million NHS patients registered at general practices (March 2019 to March 2023). We examined monthly changes in recorded blood pressure screening in the preceding 5 years in patients aged ≥45 years and recorded the hypertension prevalence and the percentage of patients treated to target (≤140/90 mmHg for patients aged ≤79 years and ≤150/90 mmHg for patients aged ≥80 years) in the preceding 12 months.ResultsThe percentage of patients aged ≥45 years who had blood pressure screening recorded in the preceding 5 years decreased from 90% (March 2019) to 85% (March 2023). Recorded hypertension prevalence was relatively stable at 15% throughout the study period. The percentage of patients with a record of hypertension treated to target in the preceding 12 months reduced from a maximum of 71% (March 2020) to a minimum of 47% (February 2021) in patients aged ≤79 years and from 85% (March 2020) to a minimum of 58% (February 2021) in patients aged ≥80 years before recovery. Blood pressure screening rates in the preceding 5 years remained stable in older people, patients with recorded learning disability or care home status.ConclusionsThe pandemic substantially disrupted hypertension management QOF indicators, which is likely attributable to general reductions of blood pressure measurement including screening. OpenSAFELY can be used to continuously monitor changes in national quality-of-care schemes to identify changes in key clinical subgroups early and support prioritisation of recovery from care disrupted by COVID-19.
Use of downstream stress imaging tests for risk stratification of patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain and low HEART score
Authors: Abazid Rami M , Patil Nilkanth , Elrayes Maged , Awadallah Sameh , Ibrahim Mohamed M , Alaref Amer , Bureau Yves , Akincioglu Cigdem , Bagur Rodrigo , Tzemos Nikolaos 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPatients with low HEART (History, Electrocardiogram, Age, Risk factors, and Troponin level) risk scores who are discharged from the emergency department (ED) may present clinical challenges and diagnostic dilemmas. The use of downstream non-invasive stress imaging (NISI) tests in this population remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the value of NISI in risk stratification and predicting cardiac events in patients with low-risk HEART scores (LRHSs).MethodsWe prospectively included 1384 patients with LRHSs between March 2019 and March 2021. All the patients underwent NISI (involving myocardial perfusion imaging/stress echocardiography). The primary endpoints included cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and unplanned coronary revascularisation. Secondary endpoints encompassed cardiovascular-related admissions or ED visits.ResultsThe mean patient age was 64±14 years, with 670 (48.4%) being women. During the 634±104 days of follow-up, 58 (4.2%) patients experienced 62 types of primary endpoints, while 60 (4.3%) developed secondary endpoints. Multivariable Cox models, adjusted for clinical and imaging variables, showed that diabetes (HR: 2.38; p=0.008), HEART score of 3 (HR: 1.32; p=0.01), history of coronary artery disease (HR: 2.75; p=0.003), ECG changes (HR: 5.11; p<0.0001) and abnormal NISI (HR: 16.4; p<0.0001) were primary endpoint predictors, while abnormal NISI was a predictor of secondary endpoints (HR: 3.05; p<0.0001).ConclusionsNISI significantly predicted primary cardiac events and cardiovascular-related readmissions/ED visits in patients with LRHSs.
Comprehensive assessment of vaginal infections using a single swab
Authors: Van Der Pol Barbara , Aycock Cheri , Dixon Paula , Kodsi Salma , Paradis Sonia , Torres-Chavolla Edith , Parvu Valentin 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe decision to use a particular test to diagnose patients presenting with symptoms of vaginitis and/or STI is based primarily on the prevailing standards of care in the clinic at which the patient evaluation takes place. As a result, laboratory testing of vaginal samples for these patients often involves either an STI or a vaginitis test, but rarely both options simultaneously, which complicates the diagnosis and management of concurrent infections.MethodsUsing de-identified remnant vaginal specimens from symptomatic patients previously tested for STI (Chlamydia trachomatis(CT),Neisseria gonorrhoeae(GC) andTrichomonas vaginalis(TV)) with the Becton Dickinson (BD) CTGCTV2 assay for BD MAX System, positivity for bacterial vaginosis (BV) andCandidaspp (associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC)) were evaluated using the molecular-based BD MAX Vaginal Panel.FindingsThe rate of STI/BV co-infection was 79.4% (227/286) in this symptomatic population, while that of STI/VVC was 27.0% (77/285). Women diagnosed with any one of the three STIs tested had an OR 2.86 (95% CI, 1.99, 4.11; p<0.0001) for a concurrent BV infection and OR 0.96 (95% CI, 0.67, 1.37; p=0.8085) for infection withCandidaspecies.ConclusionOur results suggest that women being tested for STI have a high prevalence of co-infection with BV and a lower, although appreciable, prevalence of co-infection with VVC. The detection of co-occurring vaginal infections can be facilitated by molecular testing using a single sample.
Smoke-free legislation impact on the hospitality sector in the Republic of Georgia
Authors: Bakhturidze George D , Popova Lucy , Kirpich Alexander , Berg Carla J , Eriksen Michael P 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionComprehensive smoke-free (SF) policies reduce secondhand smoke exposure and improve population-level health outcomes. However, some decision-makers heed the tobacco industry’s argument that SF policies negatively impact the hospitality sector. This study examines the intermediate economic impact of the Republic of Georgia’s SF legislation (effective since early 2018) on the hospitality sector in Georgia.MethodsAnalyses used 2015–2019 hospitality sector data from Georgia’s National Statistics Office. Simple linear regression models were conducted to examine the impact of Georgia’s SF policy on economic indicators (ie, number of employees, food service facilities, hotels and international visitor trips; employee remuneration; production value; turnover; hospitality sector value added tax (VAT)).ResultsAnalyses indicated no negative impact on any of the economic indicators. Instead, from 2018 to 2019, the number of food service facilities, hotels and international visitor trips increased by 20%, 17% and 7%, respectively. Additionally, there were increases in the number of employees (9%), average employee remuneration (3%), production values (13%), turnover/total revenue (13%) and VAT (26%). Moreover, the economic indicator values during the studied period were strongly correlated with each other (p>0.95) and indicated a consistent and uniform improvement.ConclusionsAfter the SF legislation went into effect, the hospitality sector demonstrated significant growth and no adverse effects in the economic indicators studied. The findings underscore the importance of maintaining and enforcing SF policies in Georgia and expanding the evidence base for SF policies globally.
IoMT-Based Smart Intelligent Healthcare System Using Optimization-Driven Deep Residual Network for Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Sivakumaran AR. , Shanthakumar P. , Joel M. Robinson 
Published: August 2024

Medical information system, like the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), has gained more attention in recent decades. Disease diagnosis is an important facility of the medical healthcare system. Wearable devices become popular in a wide range of applications in the health monitoring system and this has stimulated the increasing growth of IoMT. Recently, a smart healthcare system has been more effective, and various methods have been developed to classify the disease at the beginning stage. To capture the patient’s information and detect the disease, a new framework is designed using the developed Conditional Auto regressive Mayfly Algorithm (CAMA)-based Deep Residual Network (DRN). Initially, pre-processing is done by the T2FCS filtering technique to increase the image quality by eliminating noises. The second step is segmentation. Here, the segmentation of brain tumor is done using U-Net. After that, data augmentation is performed to enhance image dimensions using the techniques, such as flipping, shearing, and translation to solve the issues of data samples. After processing the data augmentation mechanism, the next step is brain tumor detection, which is done using DRN. Here, DRN is trained by the proposed CAMA, which is the integration of conditional auto regressive value at risk (CAViaR) with the mayfly algorithm (MA). The developed model reduces computational complexity and increases effectiveness and robustness. The proposed CAMA-based DRN outperformed with an utmost testing accuracy of 0.921, sensitivity of 0.931, specificity of 0.928, distance of 52.842 and trust of 0.697.
Comparison of Hemorrhage on CT Versus MRI After Thrombectomy: The HECATE Study
Authors: Hsia Amie W. , Latour Lawrence L. , Somani Sana , Lomahan Carolyn A. , Kim Yongwoo , Lynch John K. , Luby Marie 
Published: August 2024

Background
The characterization of hemorrhage following acute stroke intervention has largely been computed tomography (CT) based. We sought to compare magnetic resonance imaging‐ (MRI‐) and CT‐based scoring of hemorrhage after acute endovascular therapy (EVT) applying the Heidelberg Bleeding Classification (HBC) to assess intermodal agreement and quantify interrater agreement.

Methods

Consecutive patients with acute stroke were included in this retrospective study if they (1) had MRI and CT ≤12 hours of each other OR (2) had CT bracketed by MRI pre‐ and post‐CT (ie, MRI‐CT‐MRI) ≤7 days post‐EVT. The concordance of the HBC ratings by consensus panel were compared between CT and T2
*
gradient recalled echo MRI.

Results

For the 87 EVT‐treated patients included, median age was 68 years [60–74], admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 18 [13–23], 47% were treated with intravenous/intraarterial thrombolytics, and 93% were successfully recanalized (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b/3). Hemorrhage was detected on at least 1 modality in 60% (52/87) of patients. We found a 68% (59/87, 95% CI [57%–77%]) agreement overall between CT and MRI for hemorrhage classification post‐EVT. MRI had the best interrater agreement for HBC 0 (no hemorrhage) with excellent concordance (ĸ = 0.882), compared with CT (ĸ = 0.683). T2
*
gradient recalled echo MRI tended to have increased sensitivity to scattered petechial hemorrhage (HBC 1a) as compared with CT with 17% (2/12) intermodal agreement. The interrater agreement of HBC class 2 (ie, parenchymal hematoma grade 2 was substantial for MRI (ĸ = 0.781) and excellent in CT (ĸ = 0.951), with 67% (8/12) intermodal agreement. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was detected in 24% (21/87) of patients on CT and/or MRI with 29% (6/21) intermodal agreement.

Conclusion
With the exception of subarachnoid hemorrhage and minor petechial hemorrhagic transformation, we found that MRI and CT are overall interchangeable for detecting and classifying hemorrhage after EVT. These findings are reassuring for both clinical decision‐making and research application. Given the complexity of hemorrhage subtypes post‐EVT, work to further refine a post‐EVT hemorrhage classification scale with clinical correlation would be beneficial.
Association of gut microbiota with acute kidney injury: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation and case-control study
Authors: Liu Y. , Zhang J. , Zhou Y. , Xin Y. , Li H. , Huang P. , Li N. , Zhou Y. , Luan F. , Li Y. , Zhang Q. , Yuan M. , Liu Y. , Liu L. , Song Y. , Shen L. , Xiao Y. , Liu Y. , Peng Y. , Wang X. , Yu K. , Zhao M. , Wang C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have implicated the gut microbiota in acute kidney injury (AKI), but the causal relationship is unclear. Using Mendelian randomisation, we explored the causal role of gut microbiota in the development of acute kidney injury after excluding confounding and reverse causality. Mendel randomised (MR) study was conducted using data from intestinal microbiota and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) disease of acute kidney injury and the sequencing data of case-control study confirmed this finding. The summary statistics of intestinal microbiota (n = 13,266) conducted by MiBioGen Alliance was taken as the exposure, while the statistics of acute kidney injury obtained from FinnGen Alliance data (2,383 cases and 212,841 controls) were taken as the results. A total of 42 patients were included in this case-control study. Evidence for the protective causal associations of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 with AKI was found in inverse variance weighting (odds ratio = 0.48 [95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.72]; ). Additionally, a case-control study showed that the relative abundance of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 () in septic non-AKI patients was higher than that in septic AKI patients. Compared with S-AKI patients who died within 28 days, the relative abundance of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 in surviving patients was higher (). Phylogenetic analysis showed that OTU68 and HQ455040.1334-739 (genus Flavonifractor, Genetic similarity: 100%), as well as OTU2271 and LT598575.1365-770 (genus Pseudoflavonifractor, Genetic similarity: 100%), have closest genetic ties. Correlation analysis showed that the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 was related to the creatinine value (Spearman correlation: −0.379, ). The present study demonstrates that the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 is associated with a reduced risk of AKI, revealing potential implications for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury.
Media Literacy Education in China: A Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Reindl Stefan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Two decades into the 21st century, an increasingly powerful and complicated media environment has gained an ever-growing influence on our lives. China has one of the largest, most vibrant, active, and sophisticated media landscapes globally. In such a vast and high-pace media environment, media literacy has quickly become a topic of interest for both academic and practitioner circles. In this paper, I set out to review the current body of English language literature on media literacy education in the Chinese context. I categorize the reviewed body of literature into three sequential major thematic clusters: (1) development, (2) integration, and (3) outcomes of media literacy education. This review contextualizes and maps the existing research per cluster and provides an overview of the status quo for researchers, practitioners, and other interested media literacy stakeholders. I conclude by identifying major findings across the reviewed literature along with recommendations for further research.
The Use of AI Disclosure Statements in Teaching: Developing Skills for Psychologists of the Future
Authors: Overono Acacia L. , Ditta Annie S. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction The proliferation and accessibility of generative artificial intelligence (AI) have led to strong reactions across the academia. Statement of the Problem Teachers can adapt to the availability of AI by integrating disclosure statements about its use into courses, which may promote student learning. Literature Review Suggestions to include AI disclosure statements from academia and industry align with several of the major goals of the APA Guidelines for the Undergraduate Major 3.0. Teaching Implications Incorporating use of AI disclosure statements may support students’ achievement of APA learning outcomes. These statements ask students to disclose their use of AI and consist of the AI “Model” used, the exact “Input” provided, and a description of how the student “Evaluated” the content (“MInE”). Disclosures are advantageous over other methods because of their flexibility and straightforwardness. Conclusion When students use AI and disclose their usage, they may learn to communicate ethically and clearly, employ their knowledge of psychology to fact-check output, and develop the skill of disclosure, which is becoming more popular in academic and other professional settings.