bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling analysis of nitrogen removal from paddy water with high infiltration rate
Authors: Saiki Makoto , Egusa Tomohiro , Ohte Nobuhito , Nishida Kei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
An understanding of nitrogen processes in a paddy field, characterised by large water flux for irrigation and outflows under continuous irrigation, is required to manage adequate nitrogen inputs and outputs. This study identifies the effect of large water flux, especially high infiltration rate, on nitrogen processes in a paddy field under continuous irrigation. The developed nitrogen process model in this study was applied to two paddy fields having different infiltration rates (216 and 106 mm day− 1 on average), and simulated physicochemical and biological nitrogen processes in ponded water, soil water and soil, including whole water flows as well as organic, and inorganic nitrogen forms. In each field, irrigation was found to be the major nitrogen input (153.2–461.5 kg N ha− 1 year− 1), and nitrogen outflow (65.2–284.3 kg N ha− 1 year− 1) found to be smaller than the input from irrigation. The irrigation water was primarily contaminated by dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and nitrate. Nitrogen transportation from ponded water to soil water was four times greater under high infiltration condition than under low infiltration condition. High nitrogen transport to the soil layer increased air emission via denitrification and decreased outflows. In particular, DON and ammonium transported to soil water are sources of nitrite and nitrate, and denitrification was five times higher under high infiltration than low infiltration. The results of this study imply that paddy fields with high infiltration rates have a greater possibility of nitrogen removal from paddy water, rather than being a pollutant source for the water environment.
Patient perspectives on the use of artificial intelligence in prostate cancer diagnosis on MRI
Authors: Fransen Stefan J. , Kwee T. C. , Rouw D. , Roest C. , van Lohuizen Q. Y. , Simonis F. F. J. , van Leeuwen P. J. , Heijmink S. , Ongena Y. P. , Haan M. , Yakar D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study investigated patients’ acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI) for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa) on MRI scans and the factors influencing their trust in AI diagnoses.

Materials and methods
A prospective, multicenter study was conducted between January and November 2023. Patients undergoing prostate MRI were surveyed about their opinions on hypothetical AI assessment of their MRI scans. The questionnaire included nine items: four on hypothetical scenarios of combinations between AI and the radiologist, two on trust in the diagnosis, and three on accountability for misdiagnosis. Relationships between the items and independent variables were assessed using multivariate analysis.

Results
A total of 212 PCa suspicious patients undergoing prostate MRI were included. The majority preferred AI involvement in their PCa diagnosis alongside a radiologist, with 91% agreeing with AI as the primary reader and 79% as the secondary reader. If AI has a high certainty diagnosis, 15% of the respondents would accept it as the sole decision-maker. Autonomous AI outperforming radiologists would be accepted by 52%. Higher educated persons tended to accept AI when it would outperform radiologists (p < 0.05). The respondents indicated that the hospital (76%), radiologist (70%), and program developer (55%) should be held accountable for misdiagnosis.

Conclusions
Patients favor AI involvement alongside radiologists in PCa diagnosis. Trust in AI diagnosis depends on the patient’s education level and the AI performance, with autonomous AI acceptance by a small majority on the condition that AI outperforms a radiologist. Respondents held the hospital, radiologist, and program developers accountable for misdiagnosis in descending order of accountability.

Clinical relevance statement
Patients show a high level of acceptance for AI-assisted prostate cancer diagnosis on MRI, either alongside radiologists or fully autonomous, particularly if it demonstrates superior performance to radiologists alone.

Key Points

Prostate cancer suspicious patients may accept autonomous AI based on performance.

Patients prefer AI involvement alongside a radiologist in diagnosing prostate cancer.

Patients indicate accountability for AI should be shared among multiple stakeholders.
Kirchlich getragene Einrichtungen des Gesundheits- und Sozialwesens: Neue Vorlagefrage an den Europäischen Gerichtshof
Authors: Kreß Hartmut 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungZum kirchlichen Arbeitsrecht liegt dem EuGH ein neues Vorabentscheidungsersuchen des BAG vor. Es
betrifft die Frage, ob eine katholisch getragene Einrichtung einer in der Schwangerenberatung tätigen
Sozialpädagogin aufgrund von Kirchenaustritt kündigen darf, obwohl die Einrichtung auf solchen
Stellen ansonsten auch nichtkatholische Mitarbeiterinnen beschäftigt. Wenn der EuGH die Vorlagefrage
auf der Linie seiner bisherigen Judikatur beantwortet, werden Sonderrechte, die in der Bundesrepublik den
Kirchen als Arbeitgebern gewährt werden, erneut eingegrenzt und die individuellen Grundrechte von kirchlich
Beschäftigten nochmals gestärkt werden.
Rasmussen’s encephalitis: structural, functional, and clinical correlates of contralesional epileptiform activity
Authors: Bauer Tobias , von Wrede Randi D. , Pujar Suresh , Rácz Attila , Hoppe Christian , Baumgartner Tobias , Varadkar Sophia , Held Nina R. , Reiter Johannes T. , Enders Selma , David Bastian , Prillwitz Conrad C. , Brugues Mar , Keil Vera C. W. , Jeub Monika , Borger Valeri , Sander Josemir W. , Kunz Wolfram S. , Radbruch Alexander , Weber Bernd , Helmstaedter Christoph , Vatter Hartmut , Baldeweg Torsten , Becker Albert J. , Cross J. Helen , Surges Rainer , Rüber Theodor 
Published: August 2024

AbstractProgressive inflammation of one hemisphere characterises Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE), but contralesional epileptiform activity has been repeatedly reported. We aimed to quantify contralesional epileptiform activity in RE and uncover its functional and structural underpinnings. We retrospectively ascertained people with RE treated between 2000 and 2018 at a tertiary centre (Centre 1) and reviewed all available EEG datasets. The temporal occurrence of preoperative contralesional epileptiform activity (interictal/ictal) was evaluated using mixed-effects logistic regression. Cases with/without contralesional epileptiform activity were compared for cognition, inflammation (ipsilesional brain biopsies), and MRI (cortical and fixel-based morphometry). EEG findings were validated in a second cohort treated at another tertiary centre (Centre 2) between 1995 and 2020. We included 127 people with RE and 687 EEG samples. Preoperatively, contralesional epileptiform activity was seen in 30/68 (44%, Centre 1) and 8/59 (14%, Centre 2). In both cohorts, this activity was associated with younger onset age (OR = 0.9; 95% CI 0.83–0.97; P = 0.006). At centre 1, contralesional epileptiform activity was associated with contralesional MRI alterations, lower intelligence (OR = 5.19; 95% CI 1.28–21.08; P = 0.021), and impaired verbal memory (OR = 10.29; 95% CI 1.97–53.85; P = 0.006). After hemispherotomy, 11/17 (65%, Centre 1) and 28/37 (76%, Centre 2) were seizure-free. Contralesional epileptiform activity was persistent postoperatively in 6/12 (50%, Centre 1) and 2/34 (6%, Centre 2). Preoperative contralesional epileptiform activity reduced the chance of postoperative seizure freedom in both cohorts (OR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.50–0.95; P = 0.029). Our findings question the concept of strict unilaterality of RE and provide the evidence of contralesional epileptiform activity as a possible EEG predictor for persisting postoperative seizures.
Exploring the risk of heat stress in high school pre-season sports training, Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Raines Kayleigh , Fitchett Jennifer M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThere is growing concern over the increased risk of heat stress induced by the changing climate, with increased global temperatures expected to exacerbate conditions. Heat stress in school sports is a critically understudied research area in South Africa (SA). As demonstrated by several studies conducted in the global north, the stress elicited by meteorological conditions on students participating in physical education lessons and after-school sports activities could have serious consequences on their health. This paper represents the first research in the region to investigate the risk of heat stress to school students during physical activity. Meteorological data were collected at a school in Johannesburg between March and July, which encompasses the seasons of late summer, autumn, and winter. These were inputted into four heat stress indices: Humidex, Heat Index, Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, and the Universal Thermal Climate Index, together with the measured Wet Bulb Temperature to determine the level of risk of heat stress during physical education lessons and after-school sports activities between March and July. Of the 2700 index scores calculated over this period, 56% indicate some level of heat stress, with almost 6% indicating a high and very high level of risk. Heat stress is calculated to be most likely to occur between 11h00-15h00, and the danger of pre-season training, which takes place in the summer months, is demonstrated by these results. Additionally, this research finds that heat stress is far more likely on artificial surfaces than on natural grass. The findings of this research intimate that school stakeholders should consider the implications of heat stress when considering timetabling and policy-making in the interests of safeguarding their students.
Predictors of discontinuation of osteoporosis treatment: sub-analysis of the Japanese osteoporosis intervention trial-05 (JOINT-05)
Authors: Takeuchi Yasuhiro , Nakatsuka Yuki , Tanaka Shiro , Kuroda Tatsuhiko , Hagino Hiroshi , Mori Satoshi , Soen Satoshi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
To identify predictors of discontinuing treatment with teriparatide (TPTD) and alendronate (ALN), data from a randomized, controlled trial (JOINT-05) involving postmenopausal Japanese women at high risk of fracture were re-analyzed.

Materials and Methods
Participants received sequential therapy with once-weekly TPTD for 72 weeks followed by ALN for 48 weeks (TPTD-ALN group) or monotherapy with ALN for 120 weeks (ALN group). Background data including comorbidities, fracture prevalence, cognitive function, quality of life, activities of daily living, bone metabolism parameters, and nutrient intake were collected. The endpoints were 3 types of discontinuations by the reason: a poor compliance, adverse events (AEs), or any reason including those unrelated to AEs or poor compliance. Odds ratios (ORs) of baseline predictors of discontinuation were evaluated by single or multiple regression analysis.

Results
A total of 234 (49.0%) patients in the TPTD-ALN group and 167 (34.2%) patients in the ALN group discontinued. In the TPTD-ALN group, a lower serum calcium level was a significant predictor of compliance-related discontinuation. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were lower in patients with lower serum calcium levels than with higher serum calcium levels. In the ALN group, poor cognitive function was significantly associated with compliance-related discontinuation, and higher body mass index and alcohol intake were predictors of AE-related discontinuation. Predictors of discontinuation were drug-specific. Lower serum calcium levels and poor cognitive function were predictors of discontinuing once-weekly TPTD and ALN, respectively.

Conclusion
When starting TPTD and ALN treatment, careful attention to patients with lower serum calcium levels and poor cognitive function, respectively, may be needed for better treatment continuity.
Prevalence, severity and risk factors for mental disorders among sexual and gender minority young people: a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: O’Shea Jonathan , Jenkins Rebecca , Nicholls Dasha , Downs James , Hudson Lee D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEvidence suggests heightened prevalence and severity of mental disorders among sexual minority (SM) and gender minority (GM) young people. Several risk factors have been associated with these disparities. A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis was conducted to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature and to determine the field’s current position. MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science were searched in March 2022 and updated January 2024. Eligibility criteria were systematic reviews or meta-analyses assessing contemporaneous prevalence, severity and/or risk factors of mental disorders among SM or GM young people aged 25 and under. 42 reviews were included, all of which were low quality. The prevalence of depression among SM was 26% (95% CI 21–32%), and among GM was 46% (95% CI 36–56%). Greater depression severity was found among SM compared to heterosexual young people, with a significant albeit small effect size (Hedges’ g = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.25 to 0.50); effect sizes were similar when separating by gender. GM also reported greater symptom severity compared to cisgender young people. Other mental disorders were more prevalent compared to those reported in the general population, and of greater severity compared to heterosexual/cisgender young people. Several proximal and distal risk factors were focused upon within the systematic reviews identified. Past systematic reviews consistently indicate a heightened risk of mental disorders among SM and GM young people. Services need to be aware of these disparities and adapt their care accordingly.
The effects of laser acupuncture on metabolic syndrome in obese postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Kamal Wafaa M. , Maged Ahmed M. , AbdelAziz Suzi , Mahmoud Safaa I. , Mohsen Reham A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To study the laser acupuncture (LA) effects on postmenopausal obese women’s metabolic syndrome. Randomized controlled trial. Benha university hospital. Thirty postmenopausal women were randomized into two equal groups. Group A received a diet regimen and Group B received LA treatment for 30 min three times a week for two months beside the diet regimen. Included weight (W), body mass index (BMI), waist (WC), hip (HC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (FBI), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) before and after the end of treatment. The study’s findings showed that both groups experienced a highly statistically significant decrease in the post-testing mean value of W, BMI, WC, HC, WHR, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, LDL, FBG, FBI, and HOMA-IR, while both groups experienced a significant increase in the post-treatment mean value of HDL (p 0.0001). The posttreatment SBP, DBP, TC, TG, LDL, FBS, FBI and insulin resistance were significantly lower while HDL was significantly higher in women who received combined LA and diet regimen compared to those who received dietary regimen only. LA beside the nutritional intervention is a physical therapy technique that may be used safely, easily, and effectively to minimize metabolic syndrome features during menopause.
SYZ mirror symmetry of solvmanifolds
Authors: Bedulli Lucio , Vannini Alessandro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present an effective construction of non-Kähler supersymmetric mirror pairs in the sense of Lau, Tseng and Yau (Commun. Math. Phys. 340:145–170, 2015) starting from left-invariant affine structures on Lie groups. Applying this construction we explicitly find SYZ mirror symmetric partners of all known compact 6-dimensional completely solvable solvmanifolds that admit a semi-flat type IIA structure.
Use of weather types to analyze the simultaneous abundance of ozone, PM2.5 and allergenic tree pollen: focusing on the potential impact on asthma hospitalization in Montreal, Canada
Authors: Robichaud Alain 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAir pollution, aeroallergens, and weather conditions can worsen health symptoms such as asthma. While studying the impact of these factors, the use of weather types (WTs) rather than individual meteorological variables (such as temperature, relative humidity, wind, cloudiness, or precipitation) is more appropriate since it is holistic and integrative. Moreover, several studies have shown that the human body responds to WTs, rather than to individual meteorological variables. In this study, the use of Sheridan’s WTs is adopted and compared with a so-called “In-House” WTs. The analysis presented here deals with the links between asthma hospitalization and the synergy among air pollution, birch tree pollen and WTs. Knowing the daily WT in a region can provide valuable information for health planning and management of asthma hospitalization, emergency visits and sub-clinical symptoms in the population. This is because air pollution and birch pollen both occur within only a few specific WTs, such as the TROWAL (trough of warm air aloft) or tropical airmasses. These specific WTs need to be more scrutinized since, in Montreal, these are often linked with higher daily mean hospitalization. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of specific WTs in determining the maximum daily concentrations of ozone, fine particles, Betula pollen concentrations and health effects such as asthma hospitalization. Moreover, the use of data filters in the analysis (for temperature and total count of hospitalization) also reveals new insights in the complex nature of asthma disease and its relationship with environmental factors.
Composition and diversity of ground beetles within wooded pastures and alternative land-use systems in Swiss Jura mountains
Authors: Zimmermann Erwan Edgar , Chittaro Yannick , Wider Sandrine , Zemp Delphine Clara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWooded pastures combine trees and pastures in a land-use system resulting from traditional silvopastoral practices. With their sparse tree cover, wooded pastures represent an ecotone between open area pastures and forests with potentially high species diversity, although this is poorly tested for animal groups especially insects. In this study, we aimed to characterise and compare species communities in terms of species composition and diversity indices, biomass and ecological traits of ground beetles in wooded pastures, forests and non-wooded pastures. Pitfall traps were set up in 29 study sites located in the Swiss Jura mountains. Ground beetle communities in wooded pastures largely encompass those in open pastures and forests, although some species are found only in forests or open areas. Wooded pastures and open pastures have an equivalent species diversity level, which is significantly higher than the one in forests. Ground beetle diversity is positively correlated with the surfaces of Biodiversity Promotion Areas within a 100 m radius. Areas with high tree cover (70–100%) favour brachypterous and hygrophilic species, whereas areas with reduced tree cover (0–20%) favour xerophilic and winged species. Ground beetles’ size and biomass increase with tree cover. Wooded pastures are an important ecotone, ensuring a gradual change of land-use systems between open areas and forests, where a wide range of species from both land-use systems are found. These semi-natural systems are important for the conservation of ground beetles.
Effect of minocycline on changes in affective behaviors, cognitive function, and inflammation in breast cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Melink Zihan , Lustberg Maryam B. , Schnell Patrick M. , Mezzanotte-Sharpe Jessica , Orchard Tonya S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Minocycline suppresses chemotherapy-induced neuroinflammation in preclinical models, but its effects in cancer survivors are unknown. This study evaluated the longitudinal effects of minocycline on affective behaviors, cognitive functions, and inflammation in women with breast cancer (BC) undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods
This is a pilot, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of oral minocycline (100 mg BID) versus placebo for chemotherapy-induced affective disorders in women initiating chemotherapy for stage I–III BC. Participants received minocycline or placebo up to one week before chemotherapy, continuing through cycle 4 (C4). Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were assessed at baseline, each cycle of chemotherapy (C1–C4), 2–3-week post-chemotherapy (end of chemotherapy), and 6-month post-chemotherapy (6 M) as the primary outcomes. Sub-group analysis of CES-D and STAI based on the severity of symptoms was also performed. Changes in self-reported cognition and serum inflammatory markers were also evaluated.

Results
Fifty-seven women enrolled and 55 completed the study. Except for Interleukin-8 (p ≤ 0.03), changes in inflammatory markers, cognitive function, CES-D, and STAI were not significantly different between groups from baseline to any cycle or post-chemotherapy time point (all p > 0.05), adjusting for baseline scores. Increases in serum Interleukin-8 from baseline to C4 and 6 M were ameliorated by minocycline (p < 0.05). The sub-group symptomatic for depression (CES-D > = 16 at baseline) treated with minocycline had a greater reduction in CES-D score compared to placebo from baseline to 6 M (p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Despite attenuation of IL-8, minocycline did not alter self-reported affective symptoms or cognition in this cohort of BC survivors undergoing chemotherapy. The effect of minocycline on BC survivors symptomatic for depression before chemotherapy warrants further investigation.
Tiramisù: making sense of multi-faceted process information through time and space
Authors: Alman Anti , Arleo Alessio , Beerepoot Iris , Burattin Andrea , Di Ciccio Claudio , Resinas Manuel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractKnowledge-intensive processes represent a particularly challenging scenario for process mining. The flexibility that such processes allow constitutes a hurdle as they are hard to capture in a single model. To tackle this problem, multiple visual representations of the same processes could be beneficial, each addressing different information dimensions according to the specific needs and background knowledge of the concrete process workers and stakeholders. In this paper, we propose, describe, and evaluate a framework, named , that leverages visual analytics for the interactive visualization of multi-faceted process information, aimed at supporting the investigation and insight generation of users in their process analysis tasks. is based on a multi-layer visualization methodology that includes a visual backdrop that provides context and an arbitrary number of superimposed and on-demand dimension layers. This arrangement allows our framework to display process information from different perspectives and to project this information onto a domain-friendly representation of the context in which the process unfolds. We provide an in-depth description of the approach’s founding principles, deeply rooted in visualization research, that justify our design choices for the whole framework. We demonstrate the feasibility of the framework through its application in two use-case scenarios in the context of healthcare and personal information management. Plus, we conducted qualitative evaluations with potential end users of both scenarios, gathering precious insights about the efficacy and applicability of our framework to various application domains.