bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venous air embolism from Tisseel use during endoscopic cranial vault remodeling for craniosynostosis repair: a case report
Authors: Felema Gohalem G. , Bryskin Robert B. , Heger Ian M. , Saswata Roy 
Published: June 2013

SummaryVenous air embolism (VAE) is a potential complication during cranial vault remodeling requiring early detection and prompt therapeutic intervention. The incidence of VAE has been reported to be as high as 82.6% during open craniectomy for craniosynostosis repair. On the other hand, two separate studies reported a much lower incidence of VAE (8% and 2%) during endoscopic strip craniectomy. As surgical advancements progress, minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures are increasing in the pediatric population with reported benefits of decreased blood loss and need for transfusion, shorter hospital stay, decreased cost, lower morbidity, and mortality. In addition, there is a heightened emphasis on achieving hemostasis, which has led to the use of products such as antifibrinolytics and fibrin sealants. We present a case where a VAE causing significant hemodynamic instability (grade III) ensued immediately following aerosolized fibrin sealant application. Exploration of the potential source of VAE pointed to the high pressure and close proximity (between spray device and tissue) during application of the sealant, likely forcing air into the vascular system.
Integrated analysis of seed proteome and mRNA oxidation reveals distinct post‐transcriptional features regulating dormancy in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Gao Feng , Rampitsch Christof , Chitnis Vijaya R. , Humphreys Gavin D. , Jordan Mark C. , Ayele Belay T. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryWheat seeds can be released from a dormant state by after‐ripening; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still mostly unknown. We previously identified transcriptional programmes involved in the regulation of after‐ripening‐mediated seed dormancy decay in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Here, we show that seed dormancy maintenance and its release by dry after‐ripening in wheat is associated with oxidative modification of distinct seed‐stored mRNAs that mainly correspond to oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome biogenesis, nutrient reservoir and α‐amylase inhibitor activities, suggesting the significance of post‐transcriptional repression of these biological processes in regulating seed dormancy. We further show that after‐ripening induced seed dormancy release in wheat is mediated by differential expression of specific proteins in both dry and hydrated states, including those involved in proteolysis, cellular signalling, translation and energy metabolism. Among the genes corresponding to these proteins, the expression of those encoding α‐amylase/trypsin inhibitor and starch synthase appears to be regulated by mRNA oxidation. Co‐expression analysis of the probesets differentially expressed and oxidized during dry after‐ripening along with those corresponding to proteins differentially regulated between dormant and after‐ripened seeds produced three co‐expressed gene clusters containing more candidate genes potentially involved in the regulation of seed dormancy in wheat. Two of the three clusters are enriched with elements that are either abscisic acid (ABA) responsive or recognized by ABA‐regulated transcription factors, indicating the association between wheat seed dormancy and ABA sensitivity.
Marker‐assisted simultaneous but stepwise backcross breeding for pyramiding blast resistance genes Piz5 and Pi54 into an elite Basmati rice restorer line ‘PRR78’
Authors: Singh Vikas K. , Singh Atul , Singh S. P. , Ellur Ranjith K. , Singh Devinder , Gopala Krishnan S. , Bhowmick P. K. , Nagarajan M. , Vinod K. K. , Singh U. D. , Mohapatra T. , Prabhu K. V. , Singh A. K. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMarker‐assisted simultaneous but stepwise backcross breeding (MASS‐BB) was utilized in the present study for pyramiding blast resistance genes, Piz5 and Pi54, from non‐Basmati donors, C101A51 and Tetep, respectively, into PRR78, an elite Basmati restorer line of rice hybrid, Pusa RH10. Marker‐assisted foreground selection coupled with stringent phenotypic selection and background analysis was carried out for hastening the recovery of recurrent parent phenome (RPP) and genome (RPG) in two separate backcross series to produce BC2F1 plants with individual blast resistance gene. The best BC2F1 plant from each backcross series was intercrossed, and the resultant F1 was selfed to pyramid both blast‐resistance genes into PRR78. The plants homozygous for both the genes in the F2 were advanced through pedigree selection to produce superior blast‐resistant F5 lines. Background analysis revealed that the RPG recovery was up to 91.6%. Improved versions of Pusa RH10 developed using the improved PRR78 lines (PRR78+Piz5+Pi54) performed on par with the original Pusa RH10 and showed resistance to blast disease both under artificial screening and at hot spot locations.
Morphological and Structural Changes in Lung Tissue Infected by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: FTIR Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and Histological Analysis
Authors: Morato Edilaine M. , Morais Gutierrez R. , Sato Francielle , Medina Antonio N. , Svidzinski Terezinha I. E. , Baesso Mauro L. , Hernandes Luzmarina 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis study evaluated physical, chemical and morphological changes in lungs of mice infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The animals were inoculated with 0.1 mL of fungal suspension of the P. brasiliensis 18 isolate and were euthanized 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after inoculation. The upper left lobe of the lung was isolated, fixed and processed for paraffin embedding. The sections were stained with H&E for histopathological study, with Gomori‐Grocott to locate and identify the fungus, and with TUNEL immunostaining to detect the occurrence of programmed cell death. The lower and middle right lobes were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Photoacoustic Spectrocopy (FTIR‐PAS) to investigate physical and chemical features of the infected lungs. The results showed that lungs infected by P. brasiliensis underwent structural changes that varied according to the time period analyzed, and that changes in the absorption bands of different chemical groups resulted from these morphological changes. The results suggest that the combination of FTIR‐PAS spectroscopy with morphological evaluation is an effective procedure for the study of paracoccidioidomycosis, one of the most important systemic mycoses that can damage the lung architecture and consequently impair the respiratory function.
Caught in the Same Frame? The Language of Evidence‐based Policy in Debates about the Australian Government ‘Intervention’ into Northern Territory Aboriginal Communities
Authors: Partridge Emma 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis article examines ongoing contestation surrounding the policies of the Federal government's ‘Intervention’ in Indigenous communities in Australia's Northern Territory. It highlights how the paradigm of ‘evidence‐based policy’ has been used by both the government and its critics, suggesting this commonality of language is worthy of reflection. Cautioning against an over‐reliance on the rationalist framework of ‘evidence‐based policy’, it draws on literature that problematizes this idea and insists on the inherently contested and political nature of the relationship between knowledge, evidence and policy‐making. It concludes by pointing to alternative strategies for improving Indigenous policy that risk being overlooked by a focus on ‘evidence‐based policy’ as a prescriptive ideal.
Putting the Research Boot on the Policymakers' Foot: Can Participatory Approaches Change the Relationship between Policymakers and Evaluation?
Authors: Richardson Liz 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBarriers to the full use of social science in public policy‐making are related to a separation of knowledge production from its consumption, and by a lack of mechanisms to accommodate the political nature of decision‐making processes. Policymakers can ignore evidence in favour of conventional wisdom or ideologically driven choices. Avoiding policy engagement is a denial of some core ambitions for applied social science, but attempts at policy engagement have sometimes resulted in academic regret or little impact. One implication is that more participatory and co‐productive approaches to evaluation could be used by researchers and policymakers, particularly politicians, working together. However, participatory approaches have tended to align with methodologies which de‐privilege the idea of objective evidence of policy effectiveness. A case study of self‐evaluation by local government politicians attempted to overcome an artificial separation of positivist and non‐positivist methods into non‐participatory and participatory approaches, and close the divide between evidence and politically situated policymakers. It finds interest by local councillors in outcome evaluation, and some efforts to temper ideological biases with evidence, although a bias towards positive results remained. Successful self‐evaluations used data on policy outcomes in mixed methods pre‐ and post‐intervention designs, but not all were successful. One conclusion from the case study is that the participation of policymakers in conducting research may simply replicate difficulties faced by academic researchers using more conventional methods. However, the example suggests that a belief in positivism and a commitment to participatory approaches do not need to be in conflict.
RHD*weak partial 4.0 is associated with an altered RHCE*ce(48C, 105T, 733G, 744C, 1025T) allele in the Tunisian population
Authors: Ouchari M. , Polin H. , Romdhane H. , Abdelkefi S. , Houissa B. , Chakroun T. , Gabriel C. , Hmida S. , Jemni Yacoub S. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryBackground and ObjectivesD is the most immunogenic blood group antigen. About 1% of whites carry an altered RHD allele leading to quantitative or qualitative changes in the antigen D expression. T201R and F223V encoded by 602C>G and 667T>G are specific amino acid substitutions of the weak D type 4 cluster of African origin, comprising the alleles RHD*09.01, RHD*09.02, RHD*09.03, RHD*09.04 and RHD*09.05. The purpose of this study was to estimate the presence of these RHD genotypes in the Tunisian population.Materials and MethodsEthylenediaminetetraacetate blood samples from 907 D+ and 93 D− blood donors were tested for markers 602G and 667G by allele‐specific primer‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR‐ASP). Samples with positive reactions were re‐evaluated by DNA sequencing for RHD and RHCE exons 1–10 and adjacent intronic sequences.ResultsAmong 907 D+ samples, 19 individuals were identified to harbour the RHD*weak partial 4.0 allele. RHCE sequencing post‐haplotype‐specific extraction (HSE) revealed an altered RHCE*ce(48C, 105T, 733G, 744C, 1025T) in those samples. The linkage of the RHCE polymorphisms to one haplotype was proven by DNA sequencing post‐HSE.ConclusionThe RHD*weak partial 4.0 allele syn. RHD*09.03 was estimated to occur 1 in 47 among D+ Tunisians. There was no evidence for other RHD alleles included in the weak D type 4 cluster.
Evolutionary insight into thePeripatopsis balfourisensu lato species complex (Onychophora:Peripatopsidae) reveals novel lineages and zoogeographic patterning
Authors: Daniels Savel R. , McDonald Dane E. , Picker Mike D. 
Published: June 2013

Evolutionary relationships in the widely distributed velvet wormPeripatopsis balfourisensu lato species complex were examined using DNA sequence data, gross andSEMmorphology. Sequence data were generated for theCOImtDNAand the18SrRNAloci and analysed using aBayesian inference approach, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony. Phylogenetic analyses of the combinedDNAsequence data revealed thatPeripatopsis clavigeraspecimens from the southernCape (clade 1) was sister toP. balfourisensu lato specimens from theCederbergMountains (clade 2). Within the mainP. balfourisensu lato species complex, three addition clades could be discerned (clades 3, 4 and 5). The obligatory troglobitic speciesPeripatopsis albawas equidistant between theCapePeninsula and adjacent interior (clade 3) and the twoBoland andHottentotsHollandMountains (clades 4 and 5). On theCapePeninsula,P. stelliporataspecimens nested among the sympatricP. balfourisensu lato specimens. TheCapePeninsula specimens were sister to specimens from Jonkershoek site 1,Kogelberg andSimonsberg. TwoBoland clades were retrieved, comprisingDuToit'sKloof,Bain'sKloof andMitchell'sPass and sister (in clade 4) to specimens from theBoland and adjacentHottentotsHollandMountains in clade 5. These results revealed complex biogeographic patterning in theP. balfourisensu lato species complex. The presence of sympatric, yet genetically discrete species pairs at six of the sample localities (DuToit'sKloof,Simonsberg,Jonkershoek sites 1 and 2,Kogelberg andLandroskop) suggests that there is reproductive isolation between the lineages. Divergence time estimations suggest aMiocene/Pliocene/Pleistocene cladogenesis. A taxonomic revision of theP. balfourisensu lato species complex was undertaken to stabilize the taxonomy.P. clavigerais monophyletic and retained for the southernCape specimens,P. balfourisensu stricto is now confined to theCapePeninsula and adjacent interior, whileP. stelliporatais regarded as a junior synonym of the latter taxon,P. albais endemic to theWynbergCave systems on theCapePeninsula. Three novel species (Peripatopsis cederbergiensis,sp. n.,Peripatopsis bolandisp. n. andPeripatopsis purpureus,sp. n.) are described.
Effect of a home-based end-of-life nursing service on hospital use at the end of life and place of death: a study using administrative data and matched controls
Authors: Chitnis X A , Georghiou T , Steventon A , Bardsley M J 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of routinely delivered home-based end-of-life care on hospital use at the end of life and place of death.DesignRetrospective analysis using matched controls and administrative data.SettingCommunity-based care in England.Participants29 538 people aged over 18 who received Marie Curie nursing support compared with 29 538 controls individually matched on variables including: age, socioeconomic deprivation, prior hospital use, number of chronic conditions and prior diagnostic history.InterventionHome-based end-of-life nursing care delivered by the Marie Curie Nursing Service (MCNS), compared with end-of-life care available to those who did not receive MCNS care.Main outcome measuresProportion of people who died at home; numbers of emergency and elective inpatient admissions, outpatient attendances and attendances at emergency departments in the period until death; and notional costs of hospital care.ResultsIntervention patients were significantly more likely to die at home and less likely to die in hospital than matched controls (unadjusted OR 6.16, 95% CI 5.94 to 6.38, p<0.001). Hospital activity was significantly lower among intervention than matched control patients (emergency admissions: 0.14 vs 0.44 admissions per person, p<0.001) and average costs across all hospital services were lower (unadjusted average costs per person, £610 (intervention patients) vs £1750 (matched controls), p<0.001). Greater activity and cost differences were seen in those patients who had been receiving home nursing for longer.ConclusionsHome-based end-of-life care offers the potential to reduce demand for acute hospital care and increase the number of people able to die at home.
Comparison of the performance of STI Screening Services for gay and bisexual men across 40 European cities: results from the European MSM Internet Survey
Authors: Schmidt Axel J , Hickson Ford , Weatherburn Peter , Marcus Ulrich ,   The EMIS Network
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesSexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as anal/genital warts, syphilis and genital/rectal gonorrhoeal/chlamydial infections compromise the health of men who have sex with men (MSM). Rectal bacterial STIs increase the per-contact risk of HIV infection. Early detection of asymptomatic STIs requires regular screening including collection of clinical specimens (or, for warts: physical examinations) that allow for the detection of infections at sites common to men's same sex practices.MethodsFrom June to August 2010, the European MSM Internet Survey recruited 174 209 men from 38 European countries to an anonymous online questionnaire in 25 languages. As sexual healthcare for MSM in most countries is organised locally, we chose cities for comparison. Multivariable regression models were used to compare accessibility of services and applied diagnostic procedures across 40 cities.ResultsThe proportion of respondents tested for STIs in the last 12 months in the absence of symptoms ranged from 8.9% in Istanbul to 48.0% in Amsterdam. At city level, low STI screening correlated with inaccessible services (R2=44.1%). At individual level, anal/penile inspection and anal swabbing was most common in UK cities, Amsterdam, Dublin and Stockholm. Compared to London, MSM in 30 cities had an adjusted OR (AOR) of (0.02 to 0.18) for anal swabbing; and (0.06 to 0.25) for anal/penile inspection (p<0.001).ConclusionsAnal/genital warts and rectal infections are likely to be profoundly underdiagnosed among MSM in most European cities. This has implications for the sexual health of MSM, HIV prevention and comparing national surveillance data. There is an urgent need to improve sexual healthcare tailored to MSM at risk for STIs.
Progesterone Receptor Signaling in the Microenvironment of Endometrial Cancer Influences Its Response to Hormonal Therapy
Authors: Janzen Deanna M. , Rosales Miguel A. , Paik Daniel Y. , Lee Daniel S. , Smith Daniel A. , Witte Owen N. , Iruela-Arispe M. Luisa , Memarzadeh Sanaz 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Progesterone, an agonist for the progesterone receptor (PR), can be an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment in endometrial cancer. The clinical use of progesterone is limited because of the lack of biomarkers that predict hormone sensitivity. Despite its efficacy in cancer therapy, mechanisms and site of action for progesterone remain unknown. Using an in vivo endometrial cancer mouse model driven by clinically relevant genetic changes but dichotomous responses to hormonal therapy, we show that signaling through stromal PR is necessary and sufficient for progesterone antitumor effects. Endometrial cancers resulting from epithelial loss of PTEN (PTENKO) were hormone sensitive and had abundant expression of stromal PR. Stromal deletion of PR as a single genetic change in these tumors induced progesterone resistance indicating that paracrine signaling through the stroma is essential for the progesterone therapeutic effects. A hormone-refractory endometrial tumor with low levels of stromal PR developed when activation of KRAS was coupled with PTEN-loss (PTENKO/Kras). The innate progesterone resistance in PTENKO/Kras tumors stemmed from methylation of PR in the tumor microenvironment. Add-back of stromal PR expressed from a constitutively active promoter sensitized these tumors to progesterone therapy. Results show that signaling through stromal PR is sufficient for inducing hormone responsiveness. Our findings suggest that epigenetic derepression of stromal PR could be a potential therapeutic target for sensitizing hormone-refractory endometrial tumors to progesterone therapy. On the basis of these results, stromal expression of PR may emerge as a reliable biomarker in predicting response to hormonal therapy. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4697–710. ©2013 AACR.
Ketogenic Diets Enhance Oxidative Stress and Radio-Chemo-Therapy Responses in Lung Cancer Xenografts
Authors: Allen Bryan G. , Bhatia Sudershan K. , Buatti John M. , Brandt Kristin E. , Lindholm Kaleigh E. , Button Anna M. , Szweda Luke I. , Smith Brian J. , Spitz Douglas R. , Fath Melissa A. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Purpose: Ketogenic diets are high in fat and low in carbohydrates as well as protein which forces cells to rely on lipid oxidation and mitochondrial respiration rather than glycolysis for energy metabolism. Cancer cells (relative to normal cells) are believed to exist in a state of chronic oxidative stress mediated by mitochondrial metabolism. The current study tests the hypothesis that ketogenic diets enhance radio-chemo-therapy responses in lung cancer xenografts by enhancing oxidative stress.
Experimental Design: Mice bearing NCI-H292 and A549 lung cancer xenografts were fed a ketogenic diet (KetoCal 4:1 fats: proteins+carbohydrates) and treated with either conventionally fractionated (1.8–2 Gy) or hypofractionated (6 Gy) radiation as well as conventionally fractionated radiation combined with carboplatin. Mice weights and tumor size were monitored. Tumors were assessed for immunoreactive 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-(4HNE)–modified proteins as a marker of oxidative stress as well as proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and γH2AX as indices of proliferation and DNA damage, respectively.
Results: The ketogenic diets combined with radiation resulted in slower tumor growth in both NCI-H292 and A549 xenografts (P &lt; 0.05), relative to radiation alone. The ketogenic diet also slowed tumor growth when combined with carboplatin and radiation, relative to control. Tumors from animals fed a ketogenic diet in combination with radiation showed increases in oxidative damage mediated by lipid peroxidation as determined by 4HNE-modified proteins as well as decreased proliferation as assessed by decreased immunoreactive PCNA.
Conclusions: These results show that a ketogenic diet enhances radio-chemo-therapy responses in lung cancer xenografts by a mechanism that may involve increased oxidative stress. Clin Cancer Res; 19(14); 3905–13. ©2013 AACR.
Antibiotic Treatment Decreases Microbial Burden Associated with Pseudomyxoma Peritonei and Affects β-Catenin Distribution
Authors: Semino-Mora Cristina , Testerman Traci L. , Liu Hui , Whitmire Jeannette M. , Studeman Kimberley , Jia Yali , McAvoy Thomas J. , Francis Jennifer , Nieroda Carol , Sardi Armando , Merrell D. Scott , Dubois Andre 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Purpose: Pseudomyxoma peritonei is an understudied cancer in which an appendiceal neoplasm invades the peritoneum and forms tumor foci on abdominal organs. Previous studies have shown that bacteria reside within pseudomyxoma peritonei tumors and mucin. Thus, we sought to analyze the effect of antibiotics on bacterial density and β-catenin expression within pseudomyxoma peritonei samples.
Experimental Design: The study included 48 patients: 19 with disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM) and 29 with peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis (PMCA). Fourteen patients were given antibiotics (30 mg lansoprazole, 1 g amoxicillin, and 500 mg clarithromycin) twice a day for 14 days. One week after completion of therapy, surgery was conducted and specimens were harvested for pathology, bacterial culture, ISH, and immunohistochemistry.
Results: ISH showed the presence of bacteria in 83% of the patient samples, with a higher Helicobacter pylori density observed in PMCA versus DPAM. PMCA patients treated with antibiotics had a significantly lower bacterial density and decreased β-catenin levels in the cytoplasm, the cell nuclei, and mucin-associated cells. Although not significant, similar trends were observed in DPAM patients. Cell membrane β-catenin was significantly increased in both DPAM and PMCA patients receiving antibiotics.
Conclusions: Bacteria play an important role in pseudomyxoma peritonei. Antibiotic treatment improved the histopathology of tissue, particularly in PMCA patients. In PMCA, antibiotics decreased bacterial density and were associated with a significant β-catenin decrease in the cytoplasm, cell nuclei, and mucin along with a small membrane increase. These results suggest that antibiotics offer potential protection against cell detachment, cellular invasion, and metastasis. Clin Cancer Res; 19(14); 3966–76. ©2013 AACR.