bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Molecular Crowding on the Temperature–Pressure Stability Diagram of Ribonuclease A
Authors: Zhai Yong , Winter Roland 
Published: December 2012

AbstractFT‐IR spectroscopic and thermodynamic measurements were designed to explore the effect of a macromolecular crowder, dextran, on the temperature and pressure‐dependent phase diagram of the protein Ribonuclease A (RNase A), and we compare the experimental data with approximate theoretical predictions based on configuration entropy. Exploring the crowding effect on the pressure‐induced unfolding of proteins provides insight in protein stability and folding under cell‐like dense conditions, since pressure is a fundamental thermodynamic variable linked to molecular volume. Moreover, these studies are of relevance for understanding protein stability in deep‐sea organisms, which have to cope with pressures in the kbar range. We found that not only temperature‐induced equilibrium unfolding of RNase A, but also unfolding induced by pressure is markedly prohibited in the crowded dextran solutions, suggesting that crowded environments such as those found intracellularly, will also oppress high‐pressure protein unfolding. The FT‐IR spectroscopic measurements revealed a marked increase in unfolding pressure of 2 kbar in the presence of 30 wt % dextran. Whereas the structural changes upon thermal unfolding of the protein are not significantly influenced in the presence of the crowding agent, through stabilization by dextran the pressure‐unfolded state of the protein retains more ordered secondary structure elements, which seems to be a manifestation of the entropic destabilization of the unfolded state by crowding.
In‐a‐dish: Induced pluripotent stem cells as a novel model for human diseases
Authors: Beltrão‐Braga P. C. B. , Pignatari G. C. , Russo F. B. , Fernandes I. R. , Muotri A. R. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHuman pluripotent stem cells bring promise in regenerative medicine due to their self‐renewing ability and the potential to become any cell type in the body. Moreover, pluripotent stem cells can produce specialized cell types that are affected in certain diseases, generating a new way to study cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the disease pathology under the controlled conditions of a scientific laboratory. Thus, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are already being used to gain insights into the biological mechanisms of several human disorders. Here we review the use of iPSC as a novel tool for disease modeling in the lab. © 2012 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Elevation of liver function tests in severe anorexianervosa
Authors: Harris R. Hill , Sasson Gila , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this article is to clarify the finding of liver function test abnormalities in anorexia nervosa (AN).Method:Literature review and description of two representative cases of severe liver function test abnormalities from our medical stabilization unit.Results:Abnormal elevation of liver function tests can occur during the process of refeeding patients with severe AN. The cause of this elevation is either due to excessive glucose deposition in liver cells or represents liver cell death due to the sequelae of prolonged starvation which characterizes AN before refeeding is adequately in process. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013)
Phylogeography of the Indo‐West Pacific maskrays (Dasyatidae, Neotrygon): a complex example of chondrichthyan radiation in the Cenozoic
Authors: Puckridge Melody , Last Peter R. , White William T. , Andreakis Nikos 
Published: December 2012

AbstractMaskrays of the genus Neotrygon (Dasyatidae) have dispersed widely in the Indo‐West Pacific being represented largely by an assemblage of narrow‐ranging coastal endemics. Phylogenetic reconstruction methods reproduced nearly identical and statistically robust topologies supporting the monophyly of the genus Neotrygon within the family Dasyatidae, the genus Taeniura being consistently basal to Neotrygon, and Dasyatis being polyphyletic to the genera Taeniurops and Pteroplatytrygon. The Neotrygon kuhlii complex, once considered to be an assemblage of color variants of the same biological species, is the most derived and widely dispersed subgroup of the genus. Mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and nuclear (RAG1) phylogenies used in synergy with molecular dating identified paleoclimatic fluctuations responsible for periods of vicariance and dispersal promoting population fragmentation and speciation in Neotrygon. Signatures of population differentiation exist in N. ningalooensis and N. annotata, yet a large‐scale geological event, such as the collision between the Australian and Eurasian Plates, coupled with subsequent sea‐level falls, appears to have separated a once homogeneous population of the ancestral form of N. kuhlii into southern Indian Ocean and northern Pacific taxa some 4–16 million years ago. Repeated climatic oscillations, and the subsequent establishment of land and shallow sea connections within and between Australia and parts of the Indo‐Malay Archipelago, have both promoted speciation and established zones of secondary contact within the Indian and Pacific Ocean basins.
Assembly of a Pentagonal Polyoxomolybdate Building Block, [Mo6O21]6–, into Crystalline MoV Oxides
Authors: Sadakane Masahiro , Endo Keisuke , Kodato Katsunori , Ishikawa Satoshi , Murayama Toru , Ueda Wataru 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe building‐block assembly of polyoxometalates to form crystalline MoV‐based metal oxides is presented. Mixing of (NH4)6Mo7O24 and VOSO4 in water with a pH value higher than 1.7 produced the ball‐shaped polyoxometalate [Mo72V30O282(H2O)56(SO4)12]36– ({Mo72V30}) with 12 pentagonal [Mo6O21]6– polyoxomolybdate units connected to 30 [V=O]2+ units, which was detected by using UV/Vis, Raman, and IR spectroscopy. Hydrothermal reaction of the precursor containing {Mo72V30} produced crystalline orthorhombic or trigonal MoV oxides. These oxides contain the pentagonal Mo unit in the crystal structure. The results indicate that the pentagonal polyoxomolybdate unit produced in the reaction precursor assembles with other Mo and V ions to form crystalline orthorhombic and trigonal MoV oxides.
N‐Tetradentate SPANamine Derivatives and Their MnII‐Complexes as Catalysts for Epoxidation of Alkenes
Authors: Rich Jordi , Rodríguez Montserrat , Romero Isabel , Fontrodona Xavier , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. , Freixa Zoraida , Sala Xavier , Poater Albert , Solà Miquel 
Published: December 2012

AbstractFive new tetradentate N‐donor ligands with the spirobi(chroman) skeleton (either chiral or racemic) have been synthesized and fully characterized by NMR, ESI‐MS, and optical polarimetry. These ligands have been coordinated to a series of manganese salts, affording a family of new chiral and racemic MnII complexes, which have also been characterized through analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The crystallographic structures of five of them have been obtained by X‐ray diffraction; all show a distorted octahedral geometry with the ligand adopting a cis‐α conformation over the Mn ion. All the complexes have been tested in the catalytic epoxidation of styrene, showing that both conversion and selectivity values increase in the presence of additives in the catalytic media. Experimental results and computational calculations explain the stereospecificity for the cis epoxide in the epoxidation of cis‐β‐methylstyrene mediated by one of the complexes synthesized.
Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Crotylboration of vic‐Tricarbonyl Compounds
Authors: Roßbach Jan , Baumeister Julia , Harms Klaus , Koert Ulrich 
Published: December 2012

AbstractCrotylboration of vic‐diketoamides and vic‐diketo esters was achieved with high diastereoselectivity and complementary regioselectivity. Whereas (E)‐crotylboration of α,β‐diketoamides resulted in high yields (91–99 %) of β‐crotylated products obtained as a single diastereomer (anti), Lewis acid promoted crotylboration of α,β‐diketo esters yielded the α‐crotylated species with the anti product as main diastereomer.
On the average complexity of sphere decoding in lattice space–time coded multiple‐input multiple‐output channel
Authors: Abediseid Walid 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe exact average complexity analysis of the basic sphere decoder for general space–time codes applied to multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) wireless channel is known to be difficult. In this work, we shed the light on the computational complexity of sphere decoding for the quasi‐static, lattice space–time (LAST) coded MIMO channel. Specifically, we drive an upper bound of the tail distribution of the decoder's computational complexity. We show that when the computational complexity exceeds a certain limit, this upper bound becomes dominated by the outage probability achieved by LAST coding and sphere decoding schemes. We then calculate the minimum average computational complexity that is required by the decoder to achieve near optimal performance in terms of the system parameters. Our results indicate that there exists a cut‐off rate (multiplexing gain) for which the average complexity remains bounded.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CD44 is required for the migration of transplanted oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to focal inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the spinal cord
Authors: Piao Jing‐Hua , Wang Yanping , Duncan Ian D. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractRemyelination of chronically demyelinated axons in multiple sclerosis (MS) requires the recruitment of endogenous cells or their replacement by transplanted, exogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). We have previously shown that an OPC line, CG4, preferentially migrates after transplantation toward focal areas of inflammatory demyelination and axon loss created by injection of zymosan in the rat spinal cord. Here we show that many transplanted CG4 cells had already migrated into the inflammatory lesion after 1 day. We demonstrate that a large number of CG4 cells that had migrated, expressed the adhesion protein, CD44, and that CD44′s main ligand, hyaluronic acid (HA) was robustly expressed in the inflammatory lesion. In an in vitro migration assay, migration declined significantly following blocking of CD44 expression on CG4 cells. Likewise, migration of CG4 cells toward a zymosan lesion in vivo was inhibited when transplanted cells were exposed to a CD44 blocking antibody prior to transplantation. These findings suggest that CD44 is a key molecule in the migration of OPCs toward the focal inflammatory demyelinated lesion induced by zymosan, and may be an important in OPC repair in MS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
G protein‐coupled receptor 30 contributes to improved remyelination after cuprizone‐induced demyelination
Authors: Hirahara Yukie , Matsuda Ken Ichi , Yamada Hisao , Saitou Akira , Morisaki Shinsuke , Takanami Keiko , Boggs Joan M. , Kawata Mitsuhiro 
Published: December 2012

AbstractEstrogen exerts neuroprotective and promyelinating actions. The therapeutic effect has been shown in animal models of multiple sclerosis, in which the myelin sheath is specifically destroyed in the central nervous system. However, it remains unproven whether estrogen is directly involved in remyelination via the myelin producing cells, oligodendrocytes, or which estrogen receptors are involved. In this study, we found that the membrane‐associated estrogen receptor, the G protein‐coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), also known as GPER, was expressed in oligodendrocytes in rat spinal cord and corpus callosum. Moreover, GPR30 was expressed throughout oligodendrocyte differentiation and promyelinating stages in primary oligodendrocyte cultures derived from rat spinal cords and brains. To evaluate the role of signaling via GPR30 in promyelination, a specific agonist for GPR30, G1, was administered to a rat model of demyelination induced by cuprizone treatment. Histological examination of the corpus callosum with oligodendrocyte differentiation stage‐specific markers showed that G1 enhanced oligodendrocyte maturation in corpus callosum of cuprizone‐treated animals. It also enhanced oligodendrocyte ensheathment of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in co‐culture and myelination in cuprizone‐treated animals. This study is the first evidence that GPR30 signaling promotes remyelination by oligodendrocytes after demyelination. GPR30 ligands may provide a novel therapy for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Global and focal white matter integrity in breast cancer survivors 20 years after adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Koppelmans Vincent , de Groot Marius , de Ruiter Michiel B. , Boogerd Willem , Seynaeve Caroline , Vernooij Meike W. , Niessen Wiro J. , Schagen Sanne B. , Breteler Monique M.B. 
Published: December 2012

ObjectivesTo date, only four small studies have investigated the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer on the microstructure of cerebral white matter with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These studies, which were conducted shortly up to 10 years post‐treatment, showed that chemotherapy is associated with focal loss of microstructural white matter integrity. We investigated the long‐term effect of chemotherapy on white matter microstructural integrity by comparing the brains of chemotherapy‐exposed breast cancer survivors to those of a population‐based sample of women without a history of cancer.Experimental designDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) MRI (1.5 T) was performed in 187 CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5‐flourouracil) chemotherapy‐exposed breast cancer survivors, mean age 64.2 (sd = 6.5) years, who had been diagnosed with cancer on average 21.2 (sd = 4.4) years before, and 374 age‐matched cancer‐free reference subjects from a population‐based cohort study. Outcome measures were whole‐brain microstructural integrity as measured by fractional anisotropy and mean/axial/radial diffusivity and focal white matter integrity, which was analyzed with tract‐based spatial statistics. All analyses were adjusted for age, cardiovascular risk factors, education, and symptoms of depression.Principal observationsNo significant group differences were observed in white matter integrity. However, within the breast cancer survivors, time since treatment was inversely associated with lower global and focal white matter integrity.ConclusionsThis cross‐sectional study suggests that among chemotherapy‐exposed breast cancer survivors white matter microstructural integrity deteriorates with accumulating time since treatment. This warrants further investigation. Hum Brain Mapp 35:889–899, 2014. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐involvement work practices and environmental capabilities: How HIWPS create environmentally based sustainable competitive advantages
Authors: Martínez‐del‐Río Javier , Céspedes‐Lorente José , Carmona‐Moreno Eva 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe study how high‐involvement work practices (HIWPs) may enhance a firm's economic performance through the development of a proactive environmental strategy (PES). HIWP systems facilitate the implementation of a PES by promoting employees' ability, motivation, and opportunities to behave in ways consistent with environmental management goals. In turn, PESs contribute to the development of strategic competitive advantages and drive superior performance. The results of our empirical analysis of 233 firms broadly confirm our hypotheses and suggest that although the direct effect of HIWPs on performance was not signifi cant in our sample, HIWPs do have a significant indirect effect through a PES as a mediator.
Human resource management and developing proactive environmental strategies: The influence of environmental training and organizational learning
Authors: Vidal‐Salazar María Dolores , Cordón‐Pozo Eulogio , Ferrón‐Vilchez Vera 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe need to implement advanced approaches to protect the environment is forcing companies to refocus their internal procedures and actions. To match employees' capabilities and the organization itself to these new requirements, the human resource management department can offer some key tools. This article analyzes whether environmental training (ET) and organizational learning (OL) positively influence the development of proactive environmental strategies (PESs) and compares the two processes, which differ in the time, costs, and difficulty required to implement them. Companies in the tourism sector are currently facing a highly dynamic environment where innovativeness is a decisive factor for achieving competitiveness. As such, we analyze whether the presence or absence of innovativeness influences the development of these two mechanisms. Using a sample of 252 tourism companies, we tested these relationships using structural equation modeling. The findings showed that (1) innovativeness is an antecedent of implementing ET and OL in the companies sampled, (2) both mechanisms promote implementing PESs, and (3) ET is equally as effective as OL for this purpose. Managers should take these findings into account when deciding which mechanism to apply when striving to achieve environmental proactivity.
Therapeutic effect of zinc‐containing calcium phosphate suspension injection in thermal burn‐rats
Authors: Otsuka Makoto , Shikamura Masayuki , Otsuka Kuniko , Sogo Yu , Ito Atsuo 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of suspensions of zinc‐containing tricalcium phosphate (TCP) in the healing of thermal burns in rats. β‐ZnTCP containing 10 mol % zinc, α‐ZnTCP containing 0.9 mol % zinc, and ZnSO4·(H2O)7 (ZnSO4) were used. The injections were prepared to suspend ZnSO4, α‐ZnTCP, and β‐ZnTCP powders in 2 mL of 1% sodium alginate saline solution containing 2 mg of Zn. In vitro Zn release rates were measured in simulated body fluid. The release of Zn from ZnSO4 was very fast, but that from α‐ZnTCP and β‐ZnTCP was slowed by transformation to hydroxyapatite. The suspensions were injected into group C (control), D1 (ZnSO4), D2 (α‐ZnTCP), and D3 (β‐ZnTCP) rats after thermal burns treatment for 3 h. The area under the curve for the plasma Zn for group D1 was the highest, and the order was groups D1 > D2 ≥ D3 ≥ C. The wounded area (Aw) of group D1 had almost the same profile as that of group C, and the Aw at 18 days was about 20%. In contrast, the Aw of group D2 and D3 decreased, and on day 15 was 8% and 37%, respectively. The results indicated that the healing process was shorter in the rats given α‐ZnTCP and β‐ZnTCP than those given ZnSO4 or the control. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
The innovative application of a novel bone adhesive for facial fracture osteosynthesis—in vitro and in vivo results
Authors: Smeets Ralf , Endres Kira , Stockbrink Gereon , Hanken Henning , Hermanns‐Sachweh Benita , Marx Rudolf , Heiland Max , Blessmann Marco , Wolff Klaus‐Dietrich , Kolk Andreas 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis study evaluates a novel adhesive fixation technique to affix cortical bone fragments to osteosynthesis plates using common PMMA cement. This technique utilizes a new amphiphilic bone bonding agent adhering with both hydrophilic bone and hydrophobic PMMA cement. After in vitro biomechanical testing of the bonding strength with explanted bovine and rabbit calvarian bone samples, osteosynthesis plates with screw holes of 1.3 and 1.5 mm were placed on the cranial bone of New Zealand white rabbits and the bond strength of these plates was determined through tension tests. In vitro bond strengths of 19.8–26.5 MPa were obtained. Control samples, prepared without a bone bonding agent, exhibited bone bonding strengths <0.2 MPa. In vivo respective bond strengths at the cranium of the white rabbits were 2.5–4.1 MPa 2 weeks post surgery and 1.9–2.5 MPa 12 weeks after implantation. This new innovative fixation method can be envisioned for cases in which conventional fixation techniques of screws and plates are insufficient or not possible due to the bone or trauma conditions. The observed bonding strengths support implementing this technique in nonload bearing regions, such as the central midface or frontal sinus, facilitating immobilization until bone reunion is complete. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Mechanical attachment of soft tissue to dental and maxillofacial implants with mesh structures: An experiment in percutaneous model
Authors: Asoda Seiji , Arita Takayuki , Takakuda Kazuo 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSoft tissue attachment is a major concern for the improved design of dental and maxillofacial implants. This study evaluated the efficacy of mesh structures for soft tissue attachment in a rat percutaneous model. Four kinds of implant specimens were prepared — TI implants made of titanium cylinders, HA implants of hydroxyapatite‐coated titanium, TI‐Mesh implants with a titanium mesh covering a groove machined around a titanium cylinder, and similar HA‐Mesh implants with a hydroxyapatite‐coated mesh. These specimens were implanted percutaneously into the skin tissue of rats. The detachments of the implants were examined during the experimental period of 4 weeks. Survived implants were subjected to mechanical tests for the attachment strength and histological examinations. TI and HA implants demonstrated 0% of survival rates, while TI‐Mesh and HA‐Mesh showed significantly higher rates of 93.3% and 100% respectively. The attachment strengths were 159 ± 47 kPa in the TI‐Mesh and 135 ± 16 kPa in the HA‐Mesh. Histological observations revealed that collagen fibers originating from surrounding subcutaneous tissues were anchored to the mesh structures of the TI‐ and HA‐Mesh implants. The results demonstrated the efficacy of the mesh structures for the attachment of soft connective tissues to implants. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
Comparison of one‐step and sequentially irradiated ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene for total joint replacements
Authors: Slouf Miroslav , Kotek Jiri , Baldrian Josef , Kovarova Jana , Fencl Jaroslav , Bouda Tomas , Janigova Ivica 
Published: December 2012

AbstractStructure and properties of several ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylenes (UHMWPEs), which were crosslinked either by standard, single‐step irradiation or by newer, several‐step irradiation (sequential irradiation), were compared. To verify the results, the same characterization was carried out for commercially available UHMWPE liners made of sequentially irradiated polymer (X3™, Stryker, Mahwah, NJ) and one‐step irradiated polymer (denoted as PE‐IMC, produced by Beznoska, Kladno, Czech Republic). The structure was studied by a number of spectroscopic, diffraction, thermal, and microscopic methods. Mechanical properties were assessed by small‐punch, microhardness and, wear testing. Our results suggested that sequential irradiation followed by annealing did not lead to unusual structure at the molecular or supermolecular level. Consequently, all measured mechanical properties, including wear resistance, were comparable with one‐step irradiated UHMWPEs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 101B: 414–422, 2013.