bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CRISPR/Pepper‐tDeg: A Live Imaging System Enables Non‐Repetitive Genomic Locus Analysis with One Single‐Guide RNA
Authors: Chen Meng , Huang Xing , Shi Yakun , Wang Wen , Huang Zhan , Tong Yanli , Zou Xiaoyong , Xu Yuzhi , Dai Zong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCRISPR‐based genomic‐imaging systems have been utilized for spatiotemporal imaging of the repetitive genomic loci in living cells, but they are still challenged by limited signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) at a non‐repetitive genomic locus. Here, an efficient genomic‐imaging system is proposed, termed CRISPR/Pepper‐tDeg, by engineering the CRISPR sgRNA scaffolds with the degron‐binding Pepper aptamers for binding fluorogenic proteins fused with Tat peptide derived degron domain (tDeg). The target‐dependent stability switches of both sgRNA and fluorogenic protein allow this system to image repetitive telomeres sensitively with a 5‐fold higher SNR than conventional CRISPR/MS2‐MCP system using “always‐on” fluorescent protein tag. Subsequently, CRISPR/Pepper‐tDeg is applied to simultaneously label and track two different genomic loci, telomeres and centromeres, in living cells by combining two systems. Given a further improved SNR by the split fluorescent protein design, CRISPR/Pepper‐tDeg system is extended to non‐repetitive sequence imaging using only one sgRNA with two aptamer insertions. Neither complex sgRNA design nor difficult plasmid construction is required, greatly reducing the technical barriers to define spatiotemporal organization and dynamics of both repetitive and non‐repetitive genomic loci in living cells, and thus demonstrating the large application potential of this genomic‐imaging system in biological research, clinical diagnosis and therapy.
Intestinal NSD2 Aggravates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Through Histone Modifications
Authors: Zhang Yijia , Qiao Yuan , Li Zecheng , Liu Donghai , Jin Qi , Guo Jing , Li Xin , Chen Long , Liu Lihong , Peng Liang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMounting clinical evidence suggests that a comprised intestinal barrier contributes to the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); nevertheless, the precise mechanism remains elusive. This study unveils a significant upregulation of nuclear receptor‐binding SET domain protein 2 (NSD2) in the intestines of obese humans and mice subjected to a high‐fat cholesterol diet (HFCD). Intestine‐specific NSD2 knockout attenuated the progression of intestinal barrier impairment and NASH, whereas NSD2 overexpression exacerbated this progression. Mechanistically, NSD2 directly regulates the transcriptional activation of Ern1 by demethylating histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me2), thus activating the ERN1–JNK axis to intensify intestinal barrier impairment and subsequently foster NASH progression. These findings elucidate the crucial role of NSD2‐mediated H3K36me2 in intestinal barrier impairment, suggesting that targeting intestinal NSD2 can represent a novel therapeutic approach for NASH.
Optoelectronic Synapse Behaviors in Tb3+ and Al3+ Co‐Doped CaSnO3 with Long‐Persistent Luminescence
Authors: Wi Sangwon , Jeong Minjae , Lee Kwanchul , Lee Yunsang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNeuromorphic computation draws inspiration from the remarkable features of the human brain including low energy consumption, parallelism, adaptivity, cognitive functions, and learning ability. These qualities hold the promise of unlocking groundbreaking computational techniques that surpass the limitations of traditional computing systems. This paper reports a remarkable photo‐synaptic behavior in the field of rare earth ion‐doped luminescent oxides by using long‐persistent luminescence (LPL). This system utilizes electron trap states to regulate the synaptic behavior, operating through a fundamentally different mechanism from that of electronic‐based synaptic devices. To realize this strategy, Tb3+ doped CaSnO3, which shows a significant LPL property under UV‐light excitation, is prepared. The luminescent system shows key neuromorphic characteristics such as paired‐pulse facilitation, pulse‐number/timing dependent potentiation, and pulse‐number/timing dependent short‐ to long‐term plasticity transition, which are required for realizing synaptic devices. This feature expands the way for advanced neuromorphic technologies employing light stimuli.
High‐Precision Photoacoustic Neural Modulation Uses a Non‐Thermal Mechanism
Authors: Chen Guo , Yu Feiyuan , Shi Linli , Marar Carolyn , Du Zhiyi , Jia Danchen , Cheng Ji‐Xin , Yang Chen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNeuromodulation is a powerful tool for fundamental studies in neuroscience and potential treatments of neurological disorders. Both photoacoustic (PA) and photothermal (PT) effects are harnessed for non‐genetic high‐precision neural stimulation. Using a fiber‐based device excitable by a nanosecond pulsed laser and a continuous wave laser for PA and PT stimulation, respectively, PA and PT neuromodulation is systematically investigated at the single neuron level. These results show that to achieve the same level of neuron activation recorded by Ca2+ imaging, the laser energy needed for PA stimulation is 1/40 of that needed for PT stimulation. The threshold energy for PA stimulation is found to be further reduced in neurons overexpressing mechano‐sensitive channels, indicating direct involvement of mechano‐sensitive channels in PA stimulation. Electrophysiology study of single neurons upon PA and PT stimulation is performed by patch clamp recordings. Electrophysiological features induced by PA are distinct from those by PT, confirming that PA and PT stimulation operate through different mechanisms. These insights offer a foundation for the rational design of more efficient and safer non‐genetic neural modulation approaches.
Portable Aptasensor Based on Parallel Rolling Circle Amplification for Tumor‐Derived Exosomes Liquid Biopsy
Authors: He Yaqin , Zeng Xianghu , Xiong Ying , Shen Congcong , Huang Ke , Chen Piaopiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHere, a separation‐free and label‐free portable aptasensor is developed for rapid and sensitive analysis of tumor‐derived exosomes (TEXs). It integrated a parallel rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction, selective binding of metal ions or small molecules to nucleic acid‐specific conformations, and a low‐cost, highly sensitive handheld fluorometer. Lung cancer, for example, is targeted with two typical biomarkers (mucin 1 and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1)) on its exosomes. The affinity of aptamers to the targets modulated the amount of RCA products (T‐Hg2+‐T and cytosine (C)‐rich single‐stranded DNA), which in turn affected the fluorescence intensity of quantum dots (QDs) and methylene blue (MB). The results revealed that the limit of detection (LOD) of the handheld fluorometer for cell‐derived exosomes can be as low as 30 particles mL−1. Moreover, its specificity, sensitivity, and area under the curve (AUC) are 93% (14/15), 92% (23/25), and 0.956, as determined by the analysis of 40 clinical samples. Retesting 16 of these samples with the handheld fluorometer yielded strong concordance between the fluorometer results and those acquired from clinical computed tomography (CT) and pathology.
3D Ferroelectric Phase Field Simulations of Polycrystalline Multi‐Phase Hafnia and Zirconia Based Ultra‐Thin Films
Authors: Kumar Prabhat , Hoffmann Michael , Nonaka Andy , Salahuddin Sayeef , Yao Zhi (Jackie) 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHfO2– and ZrO2–based ferroelectric thin films have emerged as promising candidates for the gate oxides of next‐generation electronic devices. Recent work has experimentally demonstrated that a tetragonal/orthorhombic (t/o‐) phase mixture with partially in‐plane polarization can lead to negative capacitance (NC) stabilization. However, there is a discrepancy between experiments and the theoretical understanding of domain formation and domain wall motion in these multi‐phase, polycrystalline materials. Furthermore, the effect of anisotropic domain wall coupling on NC has not been studied so far. Here, 3D phase field simulations of HfO2– and ZrO2–based mixed‐phase ultra‐thin films on silicon are applied to understand the necessary and beneficial conditions for NC stabilization. It is found that smaller ferroelectric grains and a larger angle of the polar axis with respect to the out‐of‐plane direction enhances the NC effect. Furthermore, it is shown that theoretically predicted negative domain wall coupling even along only one axis prevents NC stabilization. Therefore, it is concluded that topological domain walls play a critical role in experimentally observed NC phenomena in HfO2– and ZrO2–based ferroelectrics.
Evaluation of Imprint and Multi‐Level Dynamics in Ferroelectric Capacitors
Authors: Vecchi Sara , Puglisi Francesco Maria , Appelt Pascal , Guido Roberto , Wang Xuetao , Slesazeck Stefan , Mikolajick Thomas , Lancaster Suzanne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFluorite‐structured ferroelectrics are one of the most promising material systems for emerging memory technologies. However, when integrated into electronic devices, these materials exhibit strong imprint effects that can lead to a failure during writing or retention operations. To improve the performance and reliability of these devices, it is cardinal to understand the physical mechanisms underlying the imprint during operation. In this work, the comparison of First‐Order Reversal Curves measurements with a new gradual switching experimental approach named “Unipolar Reversal Curves” is used to analyze both the fluid imprint and the time‐dependent imprint effects within a 10 nm‐thick Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 capacitor. Interestingly, the application of delay times (ranging from 100 µs up to 10 s) between the partial switching pulses of a Unipolar Reversal Curve sequence enables analysis of the connection between the two aforementioned imprint types. Based on these results, the study finally reports a unified physical interpretation of imprint in the context of a charge injection model, which explains both types of imprint and sheds light on the dynamics of multi‐level polarization switching in ferroelectrics.
Deep Eutectic Solvent‐Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes for High‐Voltage and High‐Safety Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhang Chengkun , Zheng Hongfei , Lin Liang , Wen Jiansen , Zhang Shiyu , Hu Xinchao , Zhou Dongwei , Sa Baisheng , Wang Laisen , Lin Jie , Xie Qingshui , Peng Dong‐Liang , Lu Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes (SSE) exhibit great promise in enhancing the safety of Li metal batteries by replacing flammable liquid electrolytes. However, the practical application of SSE is hampered mainly due to the poor electrode–electrolyte interface, low ion conductivity, and inferior electrochemical stability. Herein, superior nonflammable solid polymer electrolytes are elaborately designed by in situ encapsulating succinonitrile (SN)‐based deep eutectic solvent (DES) into the ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) matrix (DES‐ETPTA). Benefiting from strong polarity and high anti‐oxidation capability, as‐prepared DES‐ETPTA electrolyte shows high ionic conductivity (9.55 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C), high Li+ transference number (0.68), and good electrochemical stability. As a result, the assembled LiFePO4 || Li full cells based on the designed DES‐ETPTA electrolyte deliver a high reversible capacity and capacity retention at −10 °C and room temperature. Furthermore, considering the compatibility with high‐voltage layered oxide cathode, the electrochemical stability of the ETPTA is further improved through the decoration of cyanoacrylate (CA) with strong electron‐withdrawing characteristic of C≡N. Consequently, the constructed 4.5 V LiCoO2 || Li full cells using DES‐ETPTA‐CA electrolyte deliver a high reversible capacity of 144 mAh g−1 and a superior retention rate of 93% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C. This work paves a new pathway to design high‐safety and high‐voltage solid polymer electrolytes for lithium metal batteries.
Optimizing nitrogen management to enhance irrigated sugar beet yield and quality
Authors: Ghimire Deepak , Maharjan Bijesh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) accounts for 55% of the total sugar production in the United States. Optimizing fertilizer nitrogen (N) management is pivotal for its economical and sustainable production and is challenging. Three‐year field experiments (2020–2022) were conducted in western Nebraska to evaluate the effects of fertilizer N rates on beet root yield, sugar concentration, sugar loss to molasses (SLM), estimated recoverable sugar (ERS), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Treatments included 0%, 50%, 80%, 100%, and 125% of recommended N based on the current University of Nebraska‐Lincoln recommendation. Fertilizer application increased the root yield, ERS, and SLM but decreased sugar concentration in most cases compared to the control treatment. Beet NUE decreased with increasing total available N. Linear‐plateau regression models fitted to root yield and ERS response curves showed that the agronomic optimum N rates (AONRs) were 179 and 166 kg N ha−1 for root yield of 68.86 Mg ha−1 and ERS of 11.95 Mg ha−1, respectively. The findings showed that the root yield‐based model required 35% less N rate than the current UNL beet N algorithm, and the ERS‐based model required 13 kg N ha−1 less N rate than the root yield‐based model. Because of the trade‐off effect of total available N on root yield and quality, the ERS‐based N recommendation can be a potential strategy to optimize N management for economic and environmentally sustainable sugar beet production.
Joint contractures is a recurrent clinical feature of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorder due to FOXP1 likely gene disruptive variants
Authors: Peduto Cristina , Cappuccio Gerarda , Zeuli Roberta , Zanobio Mariateresa , Torella Annalaura , Alkuraya Fowzan S. , Joss Shelagh , Daolio Cecilia , Spinelli Alessandro Mauro , Zampieri Stefania ,   TUDP Study Group, Nigro Vincenzo , Brunetti‐Pierri Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHaploinsufficiency of FOXP1 gene is responsible for a neurodevelopmental disorder presenting with intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), hypotonia, mild dysmorphic features, and multiple congenital anomalies. Joint contractures are not listed as a major feature of FOXP1‐related disorder. We report five unrelated individuals, each harboring likely gene disruptive de novo FOXP1 variants or whole gene microdeletion, who showed multiple joint contractures affecting at least two proximal and/or distal joints. Consistent with the phenotype of FOXP1‐related disorder, all five patients showed developmental delay with moderate‐to‐severe speech delay, ID, ASD, and facial dysmorphic features. FOXP1 is implicated in neuronal differentiation and in organizing motor axon projections, thus providing a potential developmental basis for the joint contractures. The combination of joint contractures and neurodevelopmental disorders supports the clinical suspicion of FOXP1‐related phenotype.
Loss of Inpp5d has disease‐relevant and sex‐specific effects on glial transcriptomes
Authors: Dabin Luke C. , Kersey Holly , Kim Byungwook , Acri Dominic J. , Sharify Daniel , Lee‐Gosselin Audrey , Lasagna‐Reeves Cristian A. , Oblak Adrian L. , Lamb Bruce T. , Kim Jungsu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONInpp5d is genetically associated with Alzheimer's disease risk. Loss of Inpp5d alters amyloid pathology in models of amyloidosis. Inpp5d is expressed predominantly in microglia but its function in brain is poorly understood.METHODSWe performed single‐cell RNA sequencing to study the effect of Inpp5d loss on wild‐type mouse brain transcriptomes.RESULTSLoss of Inpp5d has sex‐specific effects on the brain transcriptome. Affected genes are enriched for multiple neurodegeneration terms. Network analyses reveal a gene co‐expression module centered around Inpp5d in female mice. Inpp5d loss alters Pleotrophin (PTN), Prosaposin (PSAP), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) signaling probability between cell types.DISCUSSIONOur data suggest that the normal function of Inpp5d is entangled with mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration. We report the effect of Inpp5d loss without pathology and show that this has dramatic effects on gene expression. Our study provides a critical reference for researchers of neurodegeneration, allowing separation of disease‐specific changes mediated by Inpp5d in disease from baseline effects of Inpp5d loss.Highlights
Loss of Inpp5d has different effects in male and female mice.
Genes dysregulated by Inpp5d loss relate to neurodegeneration.
Total loss of Inpp5d in female mice collapses a conserved gene co‐expression module.
Loss of microglial Inpp5d affects the transcriptome of other cell types.
Polymer Free Volume‐Controlled Molecular Clock and Emitter for Multicolored Transient Data Display in Advanced Photonic Cryptography
Authors: Zhang Xiaocheng , Yang Rumeng , Dong Yu , Zhang Chuang , Feng Shiyu , Huang Weiguo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe booming demand on data security has aroused great interest for developing smart materials with temporal display feature and dynamic multicolor fluorescence. However, it remains challenging to implement both features on most responsive molecules. Herein, we construct a polymer free volume‐controlled “molecular clock and emitter” via covalently embedding a multi‐stimuli responsive molecular switch (i.e., spiropyran) into a polymer network (i.e., poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate)) with programmable crosslink density and free volume. By the aminolysis of pentafluorophenyl ester with different amount of diamine crosslinkers, pPFPA‐co‐SP networks with controllable crosslink densities are generated, which have different confinement effects on the rate constant of SP/MC isomerization, thus leading to time‐dependent photochromism. In addition, PTF1, a fluorescent probe that is sensitive to polymer rigidity, is introduced to further endow pPFPA‐co‐SP system with phototunable dynamic full‐color emission. Therefore, relying on their synergistical responses to the rigidity of the polymer network, we have successfully developed a versatile molecular clock and emitter via an “one stone two birds” manner, which shows time‐dependent data display along with dynamic multicolor fluorescence switching, providing great potential for advanced encryption and anticounterfeiting with a high security level.
Site‐Selective Activation and Stereospecific Functionalization of Bis(boronic Esters) Derived from 2‐Alkenes: Construction of Propionates and Other 1,2‐Difunctional Motifs
Authors: Xu Ningxin , Holmgren John L. , Morken James P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNon‐directed regioselective activation of bis(boronic esters), followed by functionalization, is reported. A bulky activator is shown to selectively activate the less hindered boronic ester enabling it to undergo stereospecific cross‐coupling to a variety of electrophiles. This steric‐based regioselectivity provides a simple and efficient method to prepare highly functionalized, enantiomerically enriched products starting from simple alkenes.
Value‐Added Upcycling of PET to 1,4‐Cyclohexanedimethanol by a Hydrogenation/Hydrogenolysis Relay Catalysis
Authors: Sun Zehui , Wang Kaizhi , Lin Qiang , Guo Wendi , Chen Mugeng , Chen Chen , Zhang Chi , Fei Jiachen , Zhu Yifeng , Li Jinbing , Liu Yongmei , He Heyong , Cao Yong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe present an innovative process for directly transforming poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), a polymer extensively used in food and beverage packaging, into trans‐isomer‐enriched 1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), a key ingredient in advanced specialty polymers. Our approach leverages a dual‐catalyst system featuring palladium on reduced graphene oxide (Pd/r‐GO) and oxalate‐gel‐derived copper‐zinc oxide (og‐CuZn), utilizing hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis relay catalysis. This method efficiently transforms PET into polyethylene‐1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate (PECHD), which is then converted into CHDM with an impressive overall yield of 95 % in a two‐stage process. Our process effectively handles various post‐consumer PET plastics, converting them into CHDM with yields between 78 % and 89 % across different substrates. Additionally, we demonstrate the applicability and scalability of this approach through a temperature‐programmed three‐stage relay process on a 10‐gram scale, which results in purified CHDM with an isolated yield of 87 % and a notably higher trans/cis ratio of up to 4.09/1, far exceeding that of commercially available CHDM. This research not only provides a viable route for repurposing PET waste but also enhances the control of selectivity patterns in multistage relay catalysis.
Anatomical correlates for the newly discovered meningeal layer in the existing literature: A systematic review
Authors: Kumar Ashutosh , Kumar Rajesh , Narayan Ravi K. , Nath Banshi , Datusalia Ashok K. , Rastogi Ashok K. , Jha Rakesh K. , Kumar Pankaj , Pareek Vikas , Prasoon Pranav , Faiq Muneeb A. , Agrawal Prabhat , Prasad Surya Nandan , Kumari Chiman , Asghar Adil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe existence of a previously unrecognized subarachnoid lymphatic‐like membrane (SLYM) was reported in a recent study. SLYM is described as an intermediate leptomeningeal layer between the arachnoid and pia mater in mouse and human brains, which divides the subarachnoid space (SAS) into two functional compartments. Being a macroscopic structure, having missed detection in previous studies is surprising. We systematically reviewed the published reports in animals and humans to explore whether prior descriptions of this meningeal layer were reported in some way. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases using combinations of MeSH terms and keywords with Boolean operators from inception until 31 December 2023. We found at least eight studies that provided structural evidence of an intermediate leptomeningeal layer in the brain or spinal cord. However, unequivocal descriptions for this layer all along the central nervous system were scarce. Obscure names like the epipial, intermediate meningeal, outer pial layers, or intermediate lamella were used to describe it. Its microscopic/ultrastructural details closely resemble the recently reported SLYM. We further examined the counterarguments in current literature that are skeptical of the existence of this layer. The potential physiological and clinical implications of this new meningeal layer are significant, underscoring the urgent need for further exploration of its structural and functional details.