bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender diversity in the governance of the Nigerian securities market
Authors: Ayadi Olusegun Felix , Ojo Ade Thompson , Ayadi Mary Femi , Adetula Dorcas Titilayo 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of the paper is to identify the key determinants of stock market performance in Nigeria. More specifically, it is an attempt to determine the effect of gender diversity in leadership roles on the performance of the stock market in Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper uses annual data from 1980 through 2011 to model the development and performance of the Nigerian stock market through a modified Calderon-Rossell approach. Specifically, the leadership role of women in the governance of the stock market is investigated. Robust regression approach is used to avoid complications associated with the violations of the assumptions underlying the application of ordinary least squares regression.

Findings
– The empirical analysis shows that level of income, real exchange rate, liquidity, banking sector development, institutional quality, macroeconomic stability and gender are important determinants of stock market performance in the Nigerian stock market. Further, the results indicate that at worst, gender diversity does not play into stock market performance in Nigeria, and at its best, the appointment of women in the management of the Nigerian Stock Exchange is associated with better performance.

Originality/value
– The paper contributes to the empirical literature on the role of gender diversity and financial performance. The contribution of this paper is the inclusion of gender as an institutional factor among the determinants of stock market performance in Nigeria.
The impact of CEO duality attributes on earnings management in the East
Authors: Yasser Qaiser Rafique , Mamun Abdullah Al 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– This study aims to examine an important, yet understudied, relationship between board leadership structure and earning management. With conflicting theoretical and empirical evidence underpinning the debate the practice has fluctuated, investor perception of board leadership structure has altered, international regulation has reacted, scholarly conceptualizations of duality have become overly complex and the need to understand duality and conclude the debate has increased.Design/methodology/approach– This study examines the relationship between board leadership structure, firm financial performance and financial reporting quality of Australian, Malaysian and Pakistani publicly listed companies by using a sample of three years from 2011 to 2013.Findings– Results based on data collected from Australia, Malaysia and Pakistan indicate that the board leadership structure is not associated with firm performance and financial reporting quality. However, the female chief executive impacts negatively on firm performance in Malaysia and Pakistan. Further analyses reveal that the firm size is negatively related, while the grown firms in Australia having strong financial reporting quality.Research limitations/implications– The study is based on Australian Stock Exchange-20, Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange-30 and Karachi Stock Exchange-30 companies from 2011 to 2013; however, a large sample from other emerging economies is required.Practical implications– The paper provides empirical evidence that unitary or dual leadership structure has no impact on public listed companies and would be of interest to regulatory bodies, business practitioners and academic researchers.Originality/value– This paper contributes to the literature on corporate governance and firm performance by introducing a framework for identifying and analyzing moderating variables that affect the relationship between board leadership structure and firm financial reporting quality.
Whistleblowing policy disclosure: evidence from an Indian emerging market
Authors: Agnihotri Arpita , Bhattacharya Saurabh 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to investigate factors which drive firms to disclose whistleblowing policies in one of the emerging markets, i.e. India.Design/methodology/approach– A sample of 200 Bombay Stock Exchange-listed Indian firms is analyzed using Tobit regression.Findings– Promoter shareholding, proportion of independent directors and specific positions like chief ethical officer influence disclosure of whistleblowing policies.Originality/value– This paper presents the first empirical study where principal-principal conflict theory is extended to explain drivers of whistleblowing policy disclosure and, hence, brings new insights to the literature on whistleblowing policy disclosure.
Unexplored aspects of the social licence for SMEs
Authors: Lynch-Wood Gary , Williamson David 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to examine social licence in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Social and economic actors can assist in protecting the environment by granting firms a social licence. The social licence is regarded as a regulatory trigger, which some claim can improve organisational practices and possibly induce beyond compliance behaviour.Design/methodology/approach– The paper uses data from interviews with the owners and managers of 110 manufacturing SMEs.Findings– Social licence pressures are generally weak, while traditional regulation remains essential for encouraging and sustaining environmental activity. That said, the data show important differences across firms, for some SMEs are influenced by and responsive to social licence pressures. Typically, these pressures derive from stakeholders who pursue a relatively narrow self-interest (rather than public interest) mandate, and focus on particular issues rather than broader objectives of environmental responsibility. When responding to pressures, SMEs are likely to take specific and focused actions that address specific stakeholder concerns.Research limitations/implications– Fresh insights are provided into the social licence and smaller firms. Contrary to previous views, there are circumstances where the social licence provides a limited and tailored regulatory tool for initiating change, and it typically leads to firms making alterations to business practices that tend to be low-cost and easy to implement. The social licence can provide a consensual micro-social contract and limited public interest service, and, subject to supporting circumstances, it may be extendable to other types of smaller firms.Social implications– The paper presents fresh insights into the relationship between SMEs and social and economic stakeholders.Originality/value– The paper provides new insights into how relevant stakeholders can influence the environmental behaviour of small firms.
Solution of two-dimensional vector wave equations via a mixed least squares method
Authors: Tchonkova Maria 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present an original mixed least squares method for the numerical solution of vector wave equations.

Design/methodology/approach
– The proposed approach involves two different types of unknowns: velocities and stresses. The approximate solution to the dynamic elasticity equations is obtained via a minimization of a least squares functional, consisting of two terms: a term, which includes the squared residual of a weak form of the time rate of the constitutive relationships, expressed in terms of velocities and stresses, and a term, which depends on the squared residual of the equations of motion. At each time step the functional is minimized with respect to the velocities and stresses, which for the purpose of this study, are approximated by equal order piece-wise linear polynomial functions. The time discretization is based upon the backward Euler scheme. The displacements are computed from the obtained velocities in terms of a finite difference interpolation.

Findings
– To test the performance of the method, it has been implemented in original computer codes, using object-oriented logic. One model problem has been solved: propagation of Rayleigh waves. The performed convergence study suggests that the method is convergent for both: velocities and stresses. The obtained results show excellent agreement between the exact and analytical solutions for displacement modes, velocities and stresses. It is observed that this method appears to be stable for the different mesh sizes and time step values.

Originality/value
– The mixed least squares formulation, described in this paper, serves as a basis for interesting future developments and applications.
A local sampling method with variable radius for RBDO using Kriging
Authors: Li Xiaoke , Qiu Haobo , Chen Zhenzhong , Gao Liang , Shao Xinyu 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– Kriging model has been widely adopted to reduce the high computational costs of simulations in Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO). To construct the Kriging model accurately and efficiently in the region of significance, a local sampling method with variable radius (LSVR) is proposed. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– In LSVR, the sequential sampling points are mainly selected within the local region around the current design point. The size of the local region is adaptively defined according to the target reliability and the nonlinearity of the probabilistic constraint. Every probabilistic constraint has its own local region instead of all constraints sharing one local region. In the local sampling region, the points located on the constraint boundary and the points with high uncertainty are considered simultaneously.Findings– The computational capability of the proposed method is demonstrated using two mathematical problems, a reducer design and a box girder design of a super heavy machine tool. The comparison results show that the proposed method is very efficient and accurate.Originality/value– The main contribution of this paper lies in: a new local sampling region computational criterion is proposed for Kriging. The originality of this paper is using expected feasible function (EFF) criterion and the shortest distance to the existing sample points instead of the other types of sequential sampling criterion to deal with the low efficiency problem.
Interphase force analysis for air-water bubbly flow in a multiphase rotodynamic pump
Authors: Yu Zhiyi , Zhu Baoshan , Cao Shuliang 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– Interphase forces between the gas and liquid phases determine many phenomena in bubbly flow. For the interphase forces in a multiphase rotodynamic pump, the magnitude analysis was carried out within the framework of two-fluid model. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relative importance of various interphase forces on the mixed transport process, and the findings herein will be a base for the future study on the mechanism of the gas blockage phenomenon, which is the most challenging issue for such pumps.

Design/methodology/approach
– Four types of interphase forces, i.e. drag force, lift force, virtual mass force and turbulent dispersion force (TDF) were taken into account. By comparing with the experiment in the respect of the head performance, the effectiveness of the numerical model was validated. In conditions of different inlet gas void fractions, bubble diameters and rotational speeds, the magnitude analyses were made for the interphase forces.

Findings
– The results demonstrate that the TDF can be neglected in the running of the multiphase rotodynamic pump; the drag force is dominant in the impeller region and the outlet extended region. The sensitivity analyses of the bubble diameter and the rotational speed were also performed. It is found that larger bubble size is accompanied by smaller predicted drag but larger predicted lift and virtual mass, while the increase of the rotational speed can raise all the interphase forces mentioned above.

Originality/value
– This paper has revealed the magnitude information and the relative importance of the interphase forces in a multiphase rotodynamic pump.
Optimal inductor design for nanofluid heating characterisation
Authors: Bertani Roberta , Ceretta Flavio , Di Barba Paolo , Dughiero Fabrizio , Forzan Michele , Michelin Rino Antonio , Sgarbossa Paolo , Sieni Elisabetta , Spizzo Federico 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– Magnetic fluid hyperthermia experiment requires a uniform magnetic field in order to control the heating rate of a magnetic nanoparticle fluid for laboratory tests. The automated optimal design of a real-life device able to generate a uniform magnetic field suitable to heat cells in a Petri dish is presented. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The inductor for tests has been designed using finite element analysis and evolutionary computing coupled to design of experiments technique in order to take into account sensitivity of solutions.

Findings
– The geometry of the inductor has been designed and a laboratory prototype has been built. Results of preliminary tests, using a previously synthesized and characterized magneto fluid, are presented.

Originality/value
– Design of experiment approach combined with evolutionary computing has been used to compute the solution sensitivity and approximate a 3D Pareto front. The designed inductor has been tested in an experimental set-up.
The inter-element coupling effect of triangular flat shells
Authors: Zhang Shi , Zhang Yun , Huang Zhigao , Zhou Huamin , Li Jianhui 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to study the inter-element coupling effect of membrane and plate components between two adjacent shells occurring on the common boundary.Design/methodology/approach– In this paper, three triangular flat shells developed by combining an excellent membrane element (OPT) with three outstanding plate bending elements (DKT, RDKTM and DST-BK), respectively, are used to study this phenomenon. Benchmark tests are implemented to evaluate the performance of three selected plate elements and the formulated flat shells.Findings– The inter-element coupling effect of membrane and plate components belonging, respectively, to two adjacent shells deteriorate the performance of shells. Therefore, a shell’s performance cannot be guaranteed certainly by the superimposed membrane and plate behaviors.Practical implications– The “order matching” criterion is proposed to explain this phenomenon and it is concluded that the flat shell that follows this criterion explicitly may alleviate or even overcome the inter-element coupling effect.Originality/value– Previous studies mainly focus on formulation of high-performance membrane and plate elements. However, the inter-element coupling effect of membrane and plate components between two adjacent shells occurring on the common boundary, has attracted less attention. Thorough benchmark tests for three flat shells are implemented to investigate the phenomenon. The results shows that the inter-element coupling effect deteriorates the performance of shells. And the “order matching” criterion is proposed to explain this phenomenon and it is concluded that the flat shell that follows this criterion explicitly may alleviate or even overcome the inter-element coupling effect.
Micromax Informatics Ltd: Marketing strategy for emerging markets
Authors: Arora Soma 
Published: September 2015

Subject areaMarketing strategy, strategic innovation.Study level/applicabilityStrategic brand management or marketing strategy courses at MBA level.Case overviewIt seemed likely that a company with the highest number of product variants would consider product innovation to be its key source of sustenance in a crowded marketplace. Especially so, when the local and global competition was hotting up to a new launch every week. In the case of Micromax, a mobile handset maker from India tried to drive home the point that sustainability in emerging markets did not lie in inventing a new technology like Apple or Nokia or Sony did, albeit accompanied with a premium price tag. For the emerging markets, it was important to optimize the offering for the consumers. Strategic optimization could result from bridging the gaps in performance, infrastructure and organization design, which came naturally to this marketing-savvy mobile maker. Any company could make a cost-effective phone, but few could position, brand and sell it the way Micromax did. Shubhodip Pal, Head of Marketing at Micromax Informatics Pvt Ltd, India, pondered the marketing strategy which could pave the way into maintaining the company's national leadership position while creating a roadmap for its global foray. For Micromax, marketing strategy innovation, and not product innovation, would fulfil the goal of long-term growth in India and overseas markets.Expected learning outcomesThe students studying this case are expected to learn: marketing strategy in emerging markets such as India, marketing strategy as the critical success factor for upcoming Indian companies rather than product innovation and doing business in emerging markets.Supplementary materialsTeaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or emailsupport@emeraldinsight.comto request teaching notes.
Ar-Rahnu (Pawn-broking) in Al-Qamari Bank Berhad
Authors: Abdul-Rahman Aisyah , Hafizi A.M. 
Published: September 2015

Subjectarea
The case is suitable for use in the topics related to the functions and roles of Islamic pawn-broking and the Islamic risk management framework.

Studylevel/applicability
The case is designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in Islamic Banking, Islamic Finance and Risk Management for Islamic Banking Institutions.

Case overview
This case is meant to explain the mechanics of pawn-broking (Ar-Rahnu) in Islam as well as to understand the risk management of Ar-Rahnu in the bank. Ar-Rahnu is discussed, in general, from the perspective of muamalat and then is related to the financing service offered through Ar-Rahnu scheme at Al-Qamari Bank Berhad (a disguised bank). Ar-Rahnu means making an asset as a security or collateral for a debt. The collateral will be used to settle the debt when the debtor is in default. It may also be known as borrowing with either collateral or pawn-broking. In Al-Qamari Bank Berhad, gold and jewellery are the subject of collateral for Ar-Rahnu. In return, customers will get the cash based on the margin of loan with regards to the current market value of gold/jewellery as determined by the bank. The operation of Ar-Rahnu is discussed in Exhibit 1, while the risk management of Ar-Rahnu is discussed in Exhibit 2.

Expectedlearning outcomes
The learning outcomes include: to identify a problem and issue related to Ar-Rahnu; to evaluate the modus operandi of Ar-Rahnu; to analyze the risk management practices of Ar-Rahnu; and to develop decision criteria on whether Ar-Rahnu in Al-Qamari bank is Shariah-compliant or not.

Supplementarymaterials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Understanding group-buying websites continuance
Authors: Zhang Hong , Lu Yaobin , Gupta Sumeet , Gao Ping 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– Sustainable success of group-buying web sites implies that consumers not only accept them initially but also use them continuously. Most group-buying web sites, however, are unable to achieve such sustainable success. Drawing on expectation-confirmation model (ECM), the purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence group-buying web sites continuance.

Design/methodology/approach
– In total, 605 valid responses were collected via a survey of a leading group-buying web site in China. Structural equation modeling was used to test the research model. This study also compared the three competing models of continued use behavior, namely, ECM, the research model and the integrated model.

Findings
– The results show that perceived web site quality, perceived price advantage and confirmation are important determinants of consumer satisfaction, while perceived web site quality, perceived reputation, satisfaction and perceived critical mass significantly influence consumers’ continuance intention. The research model accounts for more variance in satisfaction and continuance intention than ECM and is the best-fitting model among the competing models.

Originality/value
– Drawing on ECM, this research proposes a model by incorporating three online group-buying characteristics (perceived price advantage, perceived reputation and perceived web site quality) and two social influence factors (subjective norm and perceived critical mass). Specially, this study uses these three online group-buying characteristics to represent perceived usefulness in ECM. These constructs are found to influence consumer satisfaction and continuance intention. This study extends ECM and provides a better explanation of consumers’ post-purchase behavior in the online group-buying context.
Gender differences in the climate change communication on Twitter
Authors: Holmberg Kim , Hellsten Iina 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to present a study about gender differences in the climate change communication on Twitter and in the use of affordances on Twitter.Design/methodology/approach– The data set consists of about 250,000 tweets and retweets for which the authors’ gender was identified. While content of tweets and hashtags used were analysed for common topics and specific contexts, the usernames that were proportionately more frequently mentioned by either male or female tweeters were coded according to the usernames’ stance in the climate change debate into convinced (that climate change is caused by humans), sceptics, neutrals and unclear groups, and according to the type or role of the user account (e.g. campaign, organization, private person).Findings– The results indicate that overall male and female tweeters use very similar language in their tweets, but clear differences were observed in the use of hashtags and usernames, with female tweeters mentioning significantly more campaigns and organizations with a convinced attitude towards anthropogenic impact on climate change, while male tweeters mention significantly more private persons and usernames with a sceptical stance. The differences were even greater when retweets and duplicate tweets by the same author were removed from the data, indicating how retweeting can significantly influence the results.Practical implications– On a theoretical level the results increase the understanding for how women and men view and engage with climate change. This has practical implications for organizations interested in developing communication strategies for reaching and engaging female and male audiences on Twitter. While female tweeters can be targeted via local campaigns and news media, male tweeters seem to follow more political and scientific information. The results from the present research also showed that more research about the meaning of retweeting is needed, as the authors have shown how retweets can have a significant impact on the results.Originality/value– The findings contribute towards increased understanding of both gender differences in the climate change debate and in social media use in general. Beyond that this research showed how retweeting may have a significant impact on research where tweets are used as a data source.