bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Total Coronary Artery Occlusion Recanalization with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Using Anterograde and Retrograde Approach – Riga East Clinical University Hospital Experience
Authors: Kalnins Artis , Lukstins Guntis , Kurcalte Irena , Lejnieks Aivars 
Published: September 2013

Summary
Introduction. Despite advantages in interventional cardiology during last decade, chronic total occlusions (CTO) still remains one of the biggest problem in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) (10,14). CTO prevalence is high, but only less than 10% of percutaneous revascularizations are CTO interventions (17). There are no prospective randomized trials, properly powered for hard clinical endpoints, comparing modern optimal medical therapy with contemporary state of the art CTO recanalization (6).
Aim of the study. The aim of our study was to compare CTO PCI procedural parameters and treatment results using anterograde and/or retrograde approach.
Materials and methods. The study included all patients undergoing PCI for CTO at single tertiary PCI center between January 2007 and December 2012. 5568 PCI procedures were done in this period in our institution. 486 (8,64%) of them were CTO PCI. Retrograde approach was used in 138 (28,7% of all CTO PCI) cases. Patients were grouped according PCI year performing, approach (anterograde or retrograde) and PCI results (successful or unsuccessful). Demographic and procedural data were collected at the time of intervention.
Results. A total of 405 patients undergoing CTO PCI were included. The median age was 64yrs(38-88) and 79,2% was male. Retrograde approach (RA) was used in 138(28,7%) cases. RA usage has increase from 15.9% in 2007 till 46,8% of cases in 2012(p=0,0000218). The overall patient and procedure success rates were 77,8% (315/90) and 69,9%(340/146) respectively. Overall success rate has increase from 61,4% in 2007 till 87,1% in 2012 (p<0,001). Overall survival was found better in patients group after successful procedure (Long-rank test p=0,019).
Conclusions. Retrograde approach usage significantly increase CTO PCI success rate, but doesn’t increase risk of complications. Long-term outcome and survival after CTO PCI is not depending on approach (anterograde or retrograde), but on procedural success.
Duplex Ultrasound Versus Computed Tomography for Follow Up of Complications after Evar with Nellix Endograft: First Clinical Experience
Authors: Ezite Natalija , Savlovskis Janis , Gedins Marcis , Kisis Kaspars , Dombure Polina , Krievins Dainis 
Published: September 2013

Summary
Introduction.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) has become the ‘gold-standard’ imaging modality for surveillance following EVAR (2, 20). However repeated CT is related to increased cost, risk of contrast nephropathy and radiation exposure. Duplex ultrasound (DUS) is a less invasive but considered less accurate method than CT.
Aim of the study. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of both imaging modalities for detection of complications in post-EVAR patients where the new generation sac-sealing endograft was used and to compare cost-effectiveness and sensitivity of both imaging modalities.
Methods. Analysis of 23 post-EVAR patients with implantation of new generation sac-sealing endograft device (Nellix®, Endologix, USA) was performed, making a comparison of CT and DUS. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was taken as the ‘goldstandard’ investigation. DUS was compared to CT for analysis of sensitivity, post-imaging complications and cost-effectiveness. Statistical analysis of data was performed using v19.0 SPSS software (IBM).
Results. Analysis of CT and DUS studies compared in 23 patients. Both imaging modalities can detect AAA sac dimensions, endoleaks, and graft patency. The cost difference between two imaging techniques is substantial. Our results demonstrate that DUS surveillance during follow-up after EVAR where new generation sac-sealing endograft is used can accurately detect aneurysm size, endoleaks, graft deformations and stenotic or kinked graft limbs while lowering the overall costs of surveillance and eliminating CT related radiation and nephrotoxicity.
Conclusion. CT and DUS imaging can both detect AAA sac dimensions, endoleaks, and graft patency. The cost difference between the two imaging techniques is substantial. Our results demonstrate that in post-EVAR patients where new-generation sac-sealing endograft was deployed DUS surveillance performed by experienced radiologist can accurately detect aneurysm size, endoleaks, graft deformations and stenotic or kinked graft limbs while lowering the overall costs of surveillance and avoiding CT-related complications.
Conducted EMI of Switching Frequency Modulated Boost Converter
Authors: Stepins Deniss 
Published: September 2013

Abstract In this paper conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) of boost converter with switching frequency modulation (SFM) is theoretically analyzed in details. In the analysis line impedance stabilization network parameters, power inductor and input filtering capacitor parameters are taken into account. The analysis shows that the conducted EMI attenuation due to the use of SFM depends not only on modulation index as it is assumed in numerous research papers, but also on central switching frequency. Useful expressions to numerically calculate SFM boost converter conducted EMI spectrum and attenuation due to the use of triangular and sawtooth modulation waveforms are derived. Additionally experimental verification of the theoretical results is performed using a superheterodyne spectrum analyzer. Moreover a procedure for the choice of optimum SFM parameters (modulation waveform, frequency deviation and modulation frequency) to get maximum conducted EMI attenuation is proposed.
Land Tax in Local Government
Authors: Balážová Eva , Petrášová Viera 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Currently the land tax causes difficulties to the managers of agricultural and forest land as it does not fulfill its historical function. Stagnant market for agricultural products together with damages caused by climate changes (floods or droughts) brings complications to the land managers by decreasing their profit. The research focuses on an analysis of land tax in Central Europe and its functioning as a municipal economic tool taking into account environmental protection and usage of nonrenewable resources. The article offers suggestions for municipalities with regard to changes in land taxation which are derived from their influence on agricultural and forest land usage.
Ecotoxicological characterisation of exhaust particulates from diesel-powered light-duty vehicles
Authors: Ács András , Ferincz Árpád , Kovács Anikó , Jancsek-Turóczi Beatrix , Gelencsér András , Kiss Gyula , Kováts Nora 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Diesel exhaust is one of the major sources of fine and ultrafine particulate matter in urban air. Toxicity of diesel-powered engine emissions has been quite widely assessed, however, much less information is available on their ecotoxicity. In our study the kinetic version of the Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition bioassay, based on the ISO 21338:2010 standard, was used to characterise the ecotoxicity of diesel-powered cars. The method is sensitive enough to test the ecotoxic effect of the emission of individual vehicles. In general, significant positive correlation was found between ecotoxicity (expressed as Toxic Unit /TU/values) and total carbon (TC) as well as between TU and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations.
Application of Robotics Technology in Clinical Practice in India
Authors: Karandikar Pratibha M. , Tayade Motilal C. 
Published: September 2013

Background: The field of mechanical engineering in association with electronics and computer science concerned with developing robotic devices that can move and react to sensory input. However the implementations and application of robotics in clinical practice was really a question? We planned to study the assessment of awareness, will and work level of medical robotics from medical professionals in clinical practice in India. Study Design: We used self prepared model questioner containing information related to applications, awareness, will etc. of medical professionals for application of medical robotics in clinical practice. The questioner was approved by IJBAMR Forum, Pune, India. The data was collected during June 2012 to January 2013. Such 220 questionnaires were filled and analyzed. Observations and Results: Only 1.36 % professionals observed with professional training. It was also observed that, only 54.54% professionals were known about current aspects about robotics application & knowledge regarding training centers. Conclusion: It is promising fact found in study that 88.63% professionals were very excited and willful for the application of robotics in their practice in future. From our study, it is concluded that there is noted a huge lake of awareness regarding application of medical robotics technology in Indian medical professionals. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i1.7991 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.5(1) 2014 pp.29-33
Suicide des jeunes et homophobie en France : présentation d’une enquête et d’actions de prévention
Authors: Pugniere Jean-Michel 
Published: September 2013

De nombreuses recherches ont mis en évidence un lien significatif entre orientation sexuelle et suicide des adolescent-e-s / jeunes adultes (Beck et al., 2010). L’homophobie à laquelle les jeunes homo/bisexuel-le-s sont exposé-e-s est considérée comme l’hypothèse la plus sérieuse pour expliquer ce lien, mais, jusqu’ici, cette hypothèse n’avait jamais fait l’objet d’une recherche quantitative en France. Nous l’avons prise en compte dans le cadre d’une enquête réalisée sur la base d’un questionnaire informatisé auto-administré auquel ont répondu 475 filles et 426 garçons, âgé-e-s de 18 à 24 ans. Les résultats confirment la sursuicidalité des jeunes homo/bisexuelle-le-s et mettent en évidence l’impact de l’intimidation homophobe en milieu scolaire chez les adolescents et jeunes adultes de sexe masculin. Ce constat nous amène à évoquer le travail de prévention mené par les associations, notamment l’aide aux familles et les interventions en milieu scolaire proposées par l’association Contact.
Naphthyridyl‐Substituted 4,4‐Difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) Luminophores: Photophysics and Application as Molecular Imaging Probes in Live Cells
Authors: Martin Aaron , Moriarty Roisin D. , Long Conor , Forster Robert J. , Keyes Tia E. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe synthesis, optical properties, and cellular uptake of a family of 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) derivatives that incorporate a naphthyridine substituent at the 8‐position of the BODIPY core and either alkyl, bromo, or dimethylamino aryl groups at the 2‐ and 6‐positions are described. The family of compounds is classified, based on their optical properties, into two types; Class I, compounds with alkyl substituents at the 2‐ and 6‐positions show intense solvent‐independent emission, which arises from the BODIPY core with no involvement of the naphthyridine. Class II, the dimethylaminoaryl‐containing compounds exhibit charge transfer transitions that lead to NIR fluorescence and remarkably large Stokes shifts, which make them potentially attractive in bioimaging. Class II compounds exhibit complex solvent dependence. There is evidence for dual fluorescence from multiple rotamers; this is rationalized with the aid of time‐dependant density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. A representative compound from each class was PEGylated, which rendered them water soluble, but their photophysical properties were maintained in aqueous buffered media. The uptake of the PEGylated BODIPY compounds and the nonPEGylated parent compounds by live mammalian cells was compared by using confocal fluorescence microscopy and resazurin blue cytotoxicity assays were performed. All compounds tested exhibited good cell uptake, were largely nuclear excluding, and had low toxicity at 10 μM. This is to our knowledge the first demonstration of such a mega‐Stokes‐shifted BODIPY probe in cell imaging.
Geometric morphometric 3D shape analysis and covariation of human mandibular and maxillary first molars
Authors: Polychronis Georgios , Christou Panagiotis , Mavragani Maria , Halazonetis Demetrios J. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTDental casts of 160 Greek subjects (80 males, 80 females) were scanned by a structured‐light scanner. The upper and lower right first molar occlusal surface 3D meshes were processed using geometric morphometric methods. A total of 265 and 274 curve and surface sliding semilandmarks were placed on the upper and lower molar surfaces, respectively. Principal component analysis and partial least square analysis were performed to assess shape parameters. Molars tended to vary between an elongated and a more square form. The first two principal components (PCs), comprising almost 1/3 of molar shape variation, were related to mesiodistal–buccolingual ratios and relative cusp position. Distal cusps displayed the greatest shape variability. Molars of males were larger than those of females (2.8 and 3.2% for upper and lower molars respectively), but no shape dimorphism was observed. Upper and lower molar sizes were significantly correlated (r2 = 0.689). Allometry was observed for both teeth. Larger lower molars were associated with shorter cusps, expansion of the distal cusp, and constriction of the mesial cusps (predicted variance 3.25%). Upper molars displayed weaker allometry (predicted variance 1.59%). Upper and lower molar shape covariation proved significant (RV = 17.26%, P < 0.0001). The main parameter of molar covariation in partial least square axis 1, contributing to 30% of total covariation, was cusp height, in contrast to the primary variability traits exhibited by PC1 and PC2. The aim of this study was to evaluate shape variation and covariation, including allometry and sexual dimorphism, of maxillary and mandibular first permanent molar occlusal surfaces. Am J Phys Anthropol 152:186–196, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantification of airflow into the maxillary sinuses before and after functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Frank Dennis O. , Zanation Adam M. , Dhandha Vishal H. , McKinney Kibwei A. , Fleischman Gitanjali M. , Ebert Charles S. , Senior Brent A. , Kimbell Julia S. 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundThe effects of increases in maxillary sinus (MS) airflow following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) are unknown. The goal of this study was to quantify the effects of FESS on airflow into the MS in a cohort of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, and compare MS flow rate with patient‐reported outcome measures.MethodsA pilot study was conducted in which preoperative and postoperative computed tomography scans of 4 patients undergoing bilateral or unilateral FESS were used to create 3‐dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the nasal airway and paranasal sinuses using Mimics™ (Materialise, Inc.). The size of the maxillary antrostomies post‐FESS ranged from 107 to 160 mm2. Computational meshes were generated from the 3D reconstructions, and steady‐state, laminar, inspiratory airflow was simulated in each mesh using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software Fluent™ (ANSYS, Inc.) under physiologic, pressure‐driven conditions. Airflow into the MS was estimated from the simulations and was compared preoperatively and postoperatively. In addition, patients completed preoperative and postoperative Rhinosinusitis Outcome Measure‐31 (RSOM‐31) questionnaires and scores were compared with MS airflow rates.ResultsCFD simulations predicted that average airflow rate into post‐FESS MS increased by 18.5 mL/second, and that average flow velocity into the MS more than quadrupled. Simulation results also showed that MS flow rate trended with total RSOM‐31 and all domain scores.ConclusionCFD simulations showed that the healed maxillary antrostomy after FESS can greatly enhance airflow into the MS. Our pilot study suggests that to some extent, increasing airflow into the MS may potentially improve chronic rhinosinusitis patients’ quality of life pre‐FESS and post‐FESS.
Increase of histaminergic tuberomammillary neurons in narcolepsy
Authors: Valko Philipp O. , Gavrilov Yury V. , Yamamoto Mihoko , Reddy Hasini , Haybaeck Johannes , Mignot Emmanuel , Baumann Christian R. , Scammell Thomas E. 
Published: September 2013

ObjectiveNarcolepsy is caused by loss of the hypothalamic neurons producing the orexin/hypocretin neuropeptides. One key target of the orexin system is the histaminergic neurons of the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN), an essential wake‐promoting system. As cerebrospinal fluid histamine levels may be low in patients with narcolepsy, we examined histaminergic neurons in patients with narcolepsy and in 2 mouse models of narcolepsy.MethodsWe counted the number of hypothalamic neurons producing orexin, melanin‐concentrating hormone, and histamine in 7 narcolepsy patients and 12 control subjects using stereological techniques. We identified histaminergic neurons using immunostaining for histidine decarboxylase. We also examined these systems in 6 wild‐type mice, 6 orexin/ataxin‐3 transgenic mice, and 5 orexin ligand knockout mice.ResultsCompared to controls, narcolepsy patients had 94% more histaminergic TMN neurons (233,572 ± 49,476 vs 120,455 ± 10,665, p < 0.001). This increase was higher in 5 narcolepsy patients with >90% orexin neuron loss than in 2 patients with ≤75% orexin neuron loss (252,279 ± 46,264 vs 186,804 ± 1,256, p = 0.03). Similarly, the number of histaminergic TMN neurons was increased 53% in orexin ligand knockout mice compared to wild‐type mice, whereas orexin/ataxin‐3 transgenic mice showed an intermediate 28% increase.InterpretationThis surprising increase in histaminergic neurons in narcolepsy may be a compensatory response to loss of excitatory drive from the orexin neurons and may contribute to some of the symptoms of narcolepsy such as preserved consciousness during cataplexy and fragmented nighttime sleep. In addition, this finding may have therapeutic implications, as medications that enhance histamine signaling are now under development. Ann Neurol 2013;74:794–804
High refractive index thermally stable phenoxyphenyl and phenylthiophenyl silicones for light‐emitting diode applications
Authors: Mosley David W. , Khanarian Garo , Conner David M. , Thorsen David L. , Zhang Tianlan , Wills Marty 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTCreating high refractive index (RI) thermally stable polymers for encapsulating high‐brightness light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) remains a challenge and is an opportunity for improving LED efficiencies. The best previously reported RI for a 200°C heat stable encapsulant for LEDs is 1.56. Here, we report the use of novel phenoxyphenyl and phenylthiophenyl silicone monomers to give fully formulated encapsulants with RIs above 1.60. These liquid dispensed encapsulants are highly heat stable, showing little change in optical properties after heat aging at 200°C in air for seven weeks, and were also little changed after cycling between −10°C to 85°C over 6 months. Phenoxyphenyl(phenyl) dimethoxysilane and phenylthiophenyl(phenyl) dimethoxysilane monomers were prepared via Grignard reactions. The resulting monomers were copolymerized with commercial silicone monomers and incorporated into hydrosilation‐based thermosets designed for use as LED encapsulants. RIs for the cured polymers were 1.60 at 633 nm (1.62 at 450 nm) for the phenoxyphenyl ether system and 1.62 at 633 nm (1.65 at 450 nm) for the phenylthiophenyl ether system. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39824.
Synthesis and characterization of hybrid films from hyperbranched polyester using a sol–gel process
Authors: Houel Amélie , Galy Jocelyne , Charlot Aurélia , Gérard Jean‐François 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTHybrid organic/inorganic materials were prepared by an in situ sol–gel process using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of hyperbranched polyester. The influences of hyperbranched polyester molar mass as well as the amount of TEOS were examined. The condensation degree was characterized by solid state 29Si NMR. The combination of solubility tests, calcination tests, SAXS and dynamic mechanical analysis allowed us to investigate the hybrid material nanostructure. The results show high compatibility between the inorganic silica phase and the organic polymer phase, due to the spherical shape of the hyperbranched polymer and its numerous hydroxyl groups. As a consequence, a continuous inorganic phase was formed even with a low silica precursor content without any macroscopic phase separation. These hybrid materials have a high Tg and high storage modulus even at an elevated temperature combined with improved thermal stability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39830.
Reinforcing thermosets using crystalline desoxyanisoin structures
Authors: Ware Polina R. , Lesser Alan J. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTThis article presents results on the potential of using crystalline flame retardants for thermoset reinforcement. The approach involves introducing reinforcement in thermosetting polymers through low molecular weight crystallizable additives. Thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and crystallization of desoxyanisoin in diglycidylether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA) epoxy monomer were investigated. Small angle light scattering and polarized optical microscopy were utilized to monitor phase separation and the crystallization of desoxyanisoin in DGEBA at different concentrations. Reaction induced phase separation (RIPS) with polyetheramine was carried out under isothermal and temperature gradient curing conditions. Altering the cure schedule resulted in a rich range of morphologies due to the competition between TIPS and RIPS. During isothermal cure, straight fiber‐like anisotropic crystals on a centimeter length scale developed. In contrast, thermal gradients frustrated the crystal growth and resulted in complex and rich morphologies. Desoxyanisoin provided marginal epoxy thermoset reinforcement at 10 vol %. However, the additive did not increase the thermoset flammability retardancy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39853.
Mechanical, electrical, and dielectric properties of polyvinylidene fluoride/short carbon fiber composites with low‐electrical percolation threshold
Authors: Ram Ranvijai , Rahaman Mostafizur , Khastgir Dipak 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn this investigation, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/short carbon fiber (SCF) composites have been prepared by solution casting technique to enhance electrical and dielectric properties with very low‐electrical percolation threshold (0.5 phr SCF). The effect of SCF content on mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of the composites have also been investigated. The mechanical properties of the composites are found to reduce compared to neat PVDF due to poor polymer–filler interaction which can be concluded from FESEM micrographs showing poor bonding between PVDF and SCF. The PVDF/SCF composites exhibit either positive temperature coefficient effect of resistivity or negative temperature coefficient effect of resistivity depending on the loading of SCF in the polymer matrix. The change in conductivity during heating–cooling cycle for these composites shows electrical hysteresis along with electrical set. The melting point of the composites marginally increases with the increase in fiber loading in PVDF matrix as evidenced from DSC thermograms. X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals the crystallinity of PVDF decreases with the increase in SCF loading in matrix polymer. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39866.