bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1942 – Correlation Betweeen Defense Mechanisms And Mmpi-2 Profiles In Patients With Depressive Disorders
Authors: Burkiewicz A. , Sumila A. , Buczny J. , Bartosinska A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionA review of published studies shows that depressive disorders are correlated with specific defense patterns which may underlie particular personality trials. High comorbidity among depressive and personality conditions is a consistent but not well-understood finding.ObjectivesWe assessed the relations between defense mechanisms and MMPI-2 profiles used by depressive patients.AimsThe aim of the present study was to investigate how depressive disorders are related to the use of specific defenses and how it is corelated with particular MMPI-2 scales.MethodsAuthors examinated a sample of 50 adult outpatients aged 21 to 55 diagnosed with depressive disorders according to DSM-IV. The Bond Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) was used to assess defense styles. Patients were also examined with MMPI-2.ResultsDepressive disorder patients scored higher for the immature defense styles. Increased scores in psychopatological scales in MMPI-2 were positively related to the immature, neurotic and particular narcistic, and negatively to the mature defense mechanisms.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that interpretation of defense styles and particular MMPI-2 scales is useful for the psychological and personological diagnosis to direct psychological assistance. These findings could lead to the development of specific psychotherapeutic interventions.
1949 – Implicit Learning Of Cue-picture Association With Neutral And Emotional Faces In Patients With Depression And Healthy Controls
Authors: Mnatsakanian E.V. , Antipova O.S. , Krukov V.V. , Krasnov V.N. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionKnowledge on the brain mechanisms of psychopathology is extremely important for successful treatment of patients. Depression is a group of disorders with varied origins and complex and yet unclear neurobiology.ObjectivesDepressed patients show attentional bias to emotional (especially negative) stimuli. Automatic (implicit) emotional processing in such patients may differ compared to non-depressed controls.AimsWe aimed at studying the EEG-correlates of implicit learning with emotional stimuli in patients with depression.Methods128-channel EEG was recorded in healthy volunteers (12 female and 7 male) and depressed patients (12 female and 7 male), while they performed categorization of pictures as human or animal photographs. Half of the photographs were neutral and half were showing aggressive people or animals. The pictures were preceded by the cue (simple abstract pattern, one for each picture category), which meaning was not explained to the participants. We analyzed visual response to the cue and the CNV recorded during the picture anticipation period (duration was 2s).ResultsAll participants reported that they did not notice cue-picture association. Unlike the healthy controls, our patients showed strong CNV differences in the right anterior area: larger negativity for the emotional face condition versus the neutral faces.ConclusionsAlthough our participants were contingency unaware, the cue-picture association was established in our patient group: certain simple neutral pattern was associated with neutral or emotional (aversive) faces, eliciting different CNV during real face anticipation. This may underlie the impairment in depressed patients leading to their fixation on negative emotions.
1954 – Intervention Group In Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: a Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Lusilla P. , Castellano-Tejedor C. , Barnola-Serra E. , Ramos Rodon C. , Biedermann-Villagra T. , Torrent-Bertran M.L. , Costa-Requena G. , Camprubí-Roca L. , Palacios-González A. , Cuxart-Fina A. , Ginés-Puertas A. , Bosch-Graupera A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionNon-specific chronic low back pain is one of common causes of disability and a recurrent medical complaint with high costs. From rehabilitative medicine, physiotherapy programs and general postural recommendations are offered. Although this treatment is aimed to reduce disability, severity of pain and anxiety-depressive symptoms, many patients report partial improvements and recurrence of pain. Therefore, a new approach to treat this pathology with a broaden focus on psychososocial issues that might modulate pain and its evolution is required.Aims and hypothesisTo assess the effectiveness of two complementary interventions to physiotherapy, such as relaxation techniques (specifically, sophrology) and cognitive behavioral intervention. It is hypothesized that intervention groups will significantly improve their adherence to physiotherapy and will gain control over their pain. Ultimately, this will foster better quality of life.MethodsLongitudinal design with pre-post intervention measures and follow-up appointments (at 6 and 12 months) carried out in a sample of 66 participants. The sample will be divided into three groups: control (physiotherapy), intervention group 1 (physiotherapy & sophrology) and intervention group 2 (physiotherapy & cognitive behavioral intervention). In all groups biomedical aspects regarding type, evolution and characterization of pain as well as several psychosocial factors will be assessed.ResultsPreliminary results are expected by December 2013.ImplicationsIf hypotheses are confirmed, we will be able to provide empirical evidences to justify a multidisciplinary care model for chronic low back pain, which will favor a significant cost reduction in terms of health care and human suffering.
1972 – Imipramine Induced Acute Dystonia In a Child With Enuresis Nocturna: a Case Report
Authors: Beyazyüz M. , Albayrak Y. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionEnuresis Nocturna has a very high prevalence in the preschool populationand the prevalence slowly reduces during childhood such that only 1-2% ofadults continue to experience the problem. Imipramine which is a tricyclic antidepressant is widely used in treatment of nocturnal enuresis (1).CaseB. L. 8-year-old boy was assessed in our outpatient clinic and he had severe torticollis. In history, he had been diagnosed as enuresisnocturna by a child psychiatrist and had given imipramine 10 mg/day for treatment. After three days initiating imipramine 10 mg/day, he had severe muscular spasm on his neck. He had no psychiatric and neurological history.Physical examination, vital signs, serum chemistries, blood counts were withinnormal limits. Biperiden 5 mg administered intramusculary and after 45 minutestorticollis was resolved and he was refered to child psychiatry for the treatment of enuresis nocturna.DiscussionIn literature there are a few cases that are reporting imipramine induced dystonia.The mechanism of dystonia induced by imipramine is elusive but possibly involves complex interactions of dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine and norepinephrine between cortical structures and basal ganglia (2). Since imipramine is administrated widely in child population; the prescribers should be aware of this rare side effect.
1979 – Cognitive Subtypes In Non-affected Siblings Of Patients With Schizophrenia: Characteristics And Profile Congruency With Affected Family Member
Authors: Quee P.J. , Alizadeh B.Z. , Aleman A. , van den Heuvel E.R. ,   GROUP Investigators
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAlthough cognitive subtypes have been suggested in schizophrenia patients, similar analyses have not been carried out in their unaffected siblings. Subtype classification may provide more insight into genetically driven variation in cognitive function.Objectives/aimsTo investigate cognitive subtypes in siblings.MethodsCluster analyses were performed in 654 unaffected siblings, on a cognitive battery that included tests of attention, intellectual function, and episodic memory. Resulting subtypes in the siblings were analyzed for cognitive, demographical, and clinical characteristics and compared with that of their proband.ResultsThree sibling subtypes of cognitive function were distinguished: ‘normal’, ‘mixed’, and ‘impaired’. Normal profile siblings (n= 192) were unimpaired on cognitive tests, in contrast to their proband (n= 184). Mixed profile siblings (n= 228) and their probands (n= 222) had a more similar performance pattern. Impaired profile siblings had poorer functional outcomes (n= 234), and their profile was almost identical to that of their proband (n= 223). Probands with cognitively impaired siblings could be distinguished from other schizophrenia patients by their own cognitive performance. They also had poorer clinical characteristics, including achievement of symptomatic remission.ConclusionsUnaffected siblings of patients with schizophrenia are heterogeneous with respect to cognitive function. The poorer the cognitive profile of the sibling, the higher the level of correspondence with the proband. The sibling's cognitive subtype was predictive for disease course in the proband. Distinguishing cognitive subtypes of unaffected siblings may be of relevance for genetic studies.
1986 – Depression, Anxiety And The Risk Of Permanent Disability And Mortality In The Working Population In Germany: a Cohort Study
Authors: Wedegaertner F. , Geyer S. , te Wildt B. , Lee W.E. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundAbsenteeism from work and inpatient treatment are well defined events in the course of any illness and may be indicators for the need of an intervention. The aim of this study was to estimate of the influence of these events on later permanent disability and death in a working population when caused by anxiety and/or depression.MethodsData of 128,001 members of a health insurance with a observation period of 6.4 years were used. Excess risks were calculated for patients suffering from anxiety, depression or both using Cox's proportional hazard models adjusted for age, gender, education and job classification.ResultsPatients who received outpatient treatment had higher rates of permanent disability (hazard ratio (HR) 1.48 (Confidence interval 1.30, 1.69) for depression, 1.25 (1.07, 1.45) for anxiety) but lower premature mortality (HR 0.80(0.62, 1.03), 0.53(0.38, 0.73)) than controls. Inpatient treatment and co-morbidity were associated with further raised rates of permanent disability. Depressed inpatients also had higher premature mortality (HR 2.50(1.80, 3.48)).ConclusionsThe study shows a dose-responsive relationship between depression, anxiety, comorbidity and need for hospital treatment. It was was unexpected that some exposures seem to reduce mortality risk. Life style may partly explain this effect. However, these patients are subject to many other exposures, into which more research is needed to get a better understanding of the phenomenon.
1995 – Impact Of Childhood Sexual Abuse On Adult Sexual Orientation In a Group Of Saudi Males
Authors: Alhamad A.M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionHomosexuality may be misunderstood by some psychiatrists if childhood history is not fully explored.ObjectivesTo determine the sexual orientation effects that may result due to childhood sexual abuse in Saudi males.AimsTo explore whether childhood sexual abuse in Saudi males will change their adult sexual orientation and its psychodynamic understanding.Methods53 saudi males referred to psychotherapy clinic because of homosexuality were assessed using standard psychiatric clinical interview and followed up for psychodynamic psychotherapy for at least 2 years.Results53 Saudi males aged (17–31) years were found to be abused sexually before the age of 10 years.39 (74%) were abused by relatives and others whereas14 (26%) were abused by non- relatives. 46(87%) had full sexual intercourse and for2–5 times but only 19(35.8%) the abuse continued for at least one year .On examination, none of them was found to be homosexual, but 36 (67.9%) were bisexual. As anal intercourse with wife is religiously forbidden, all married 27 (50.9%) had marital problems due to their sexual preference to anal intercourse.ConclusionsIn reserved and closed culture as in Saudi Araibia, sexual abuse of children especially males may be prevalent and especially by relatives. Childhood sexual abuse may affect sexual orientation in adulthood to be bisexual. This may be due to behavioral modification or impulsivity as a deep ingrained revenge by the victims as a redirection of aggression towards males or wives by anal intercourse.
2001 – Spirituality And Religion In 21st Century Mental Health: a Glance At Current Schools Of Views And Opinions
Authors: Kumar S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionReligion and Spirituality have a close relationship with mental health throughout human history. However in the 21st century, post-modern world their roles has attracted attention and debate in the context of clinical practice.AimsThe aim of the presentation is to reflect on the understanding of spirituality and religion in the post-modern world with their relevance to mental health and to explore the current opinions and views in their clinical application.ObjectivesTo present the two conflicting school of views in their clinical use.To identify training needs in psychiatric curriculum with respect to the above.MethodA comprehensive literature search on the subject of Spirituality and Religion in mental health was carried out. Different schools of opinions were identified and their positives and negatives was analysed. A questionnaire was compiled to highlight the important areas of conflicts in clinical practice (useful religious practices, boundaries, self-disclosure, etc) A survey was sent out online via the surveymonkey website. The results were collated and analysed for trends.ConclusionsIt is only intuitive to link mental health with Spirituality and Religion. However it is crucial to identify the spiritual and religious beliefs of the patient and use it effectively in their care plan.Clinician to be aware of his own prejudices and how this might affect his practices.It is important to separate from Religion and Spirituality, though overlapping, they are diverse and unique to every individual.To differentiate clinical practice and research evidence. Clearer guidance and better training advocated for practice.
2002 – The Use Of Agomelatine In Population Of Depressive Elderly Patients
Authors: Godan B.J. , Jonovska S. , Kulenović F. , Filipčić I. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundAccording to WHO data it is expected that by 2030 depression will become the most common disease of mankind. As of fairly recent a time, began the use of agomelatine as an antidepressant, a drug which operates through different mechanisms than the pharmaceuticals used before. However, the effects of agomelatine on the elderly patients is still not well researched. On the other hand, the demographics of Europe show that the percentage of elderly population will be increasing.Material and methodsWithin this clinical study, we examine the effect of a 25-50 mg per day dose admited to persons over 65 years of age. The examinees all suffer from depresive disorders the efect on which is the primary subject of this study, regardless of other physical and psychological comorbidities. Exclusion criteria for participation in the study include liver disease (elevated serum transaminases) and combination with CYP1A2 inhibitor drugs. The study included fifty patients who are monitored over a course of six weeks. The following measuring instruments are used in the study: HAM-D17, GDS-30, Beck D. Q, SHAPS scale, PSQIand the Elderly's Quality of Life Questionnaire. Each participant is tested twith the battery of questionaires listed above prior to admission into the study, and once again after six weeks of agomelatine teraphy.ResultsThe study is currently in progress, so there are no deffinitive results as of yet.ConclusionIs the agomelatine an efficient antidepressant treatment in elderly patients.
2004 – Perfectionism And Insomnia In Pregnancy
Authors: Bos S.C. , Marques M. , Maia B. , Pereira A.T. , Soares M.J. , Valente J. , Azevedo M.H. , Macedo A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSocially prescribed perfectionism has been associated with long-term sleep disturbances (Azevedo et al., 2010).ObjectiveTo investigate the association between perfectionism dimensions and insomnia in pregnancy.Methods581 pregnant women, mean age 29.8 years (SD=4.5), average weeks of gestation 32.6 (SD=3.5), mostly married (75%) and nulliparae (64%) participated in the study. The multidimensional perfectionism scale (Hewitt and Flett, 1991; Soares et al., 2003) was used to assess total levels of perfectionism, self-oriented perfectionism (SOP) and dimensions of socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP): others high expectations (OHE) and conditional acceptance (CA) (Macedo et al., 2009). Insomnia symptoms and related daytime impairment were assessed with an insomnia questionnaire (Marques et al., 2011). Objective estimations of sleep were obtained through actigraphy in a small group (n=60).ResultsIn comparison to good sleepers, insomniacs showed higher levels of SPP (M=53.4, SD=13.0 versus M=49.6, SD=12.3, p< .05) and SPP-CA (M=19.6, SD=6.1, versus M=18.0, SD=5.5, p< .05). Women with difficulties initiating sleep reported higher levels of SPP-CA than good sleepers. Analyses of actigraphy revealed that SPP-CA was associated with less sleep time (r=-.45, p< .05), less sleep efficiency (r= -.34, p< .05), more time awake during sleep (r= .43, p< .05) and more mean activity asleep (r= .38, p< .05).ConclusionConditional acceptance is the SPP perfectionism sub-dimension particularly associated with self-reported insomnia and sleep alterations measured objectively with actigraphy in pregnancy.Financial supportPortuguese foundation for science and technology (POCI/SAU-ESP/57068/2004).
2006 – Brief Dynamic Psychotherapy “an Integrative Approach”
Authors: Dobea A. 
Published: July 2013

In this trial, a new technique of dynamic psychotherapy has been adopted which constitutes of 5-8 weekly sessions followed by 2-4 monthly sessions as booster doses. The primary focus of this therapy is on the main complaint (or problem) as cited by the patient and uncovering of the deep (buried) emotions that underlie it. Further stages of this therapy are going step by step through the dynamic interpretation of such emotions and the accompanied defense mechanisms. Theoretical basis of this brief dynamic psychotherapy is rooted in the analytic & psychodynamic theories. A key challenge towards the success of therapy is the establishment of therapeutic alliance within the first two sessions. Being that short or brief is result of a technique of avoiding defenses with a declaration and rounding about these defenses.Brief scenario of the psychotherapeutic sessions for 5 patients will be presented and discussed.
2014 – The Role Of Adenylyl Cyclase 8 In Stress Response
Authors: Cosma N. , Almeida O. , Patchev A. ,   Neuroadaptations Group Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry
Published: July 2013

Adelylyl cyclase 8(AC8) is a brain specific cyclase activated only by calcium. Therefore its activity has been associated with plasticity process underlying learning and memory. AC8 knockout(KO) mice show impaired stress-induced anxiety. Here we try to find whether AC8 is involved in hypothalamus-hypophysis-axis(HPA) regulation and if it influences intracellular signaling of gluccocorticoids in the hippocampus.First, serum samples were harvest from 8 AC8 KO and 8 wild type(WT) mice at basal, eve, 30 and 120 minutes after stress and at sacrifice with subsequent measuring of corticosterone levels. Second, glucocorticoid receptor(GR), vasopressin(AVP) and corticotrophin releasing hormone(CRH) mRNA expression levels were measured in accumbens nucleus(Acb), periventricular nucleus(PVN), supraoptic nucleus(SON), amygdala and hippocampus. Finally, GR and phosphorilated-GR levels were measured in hippocampus by western blot technique.There was no difference in corticosterone levels between the two groups, regardless of harvesting time (p > 0.05). Also, we found no difference between AVP mRNA levels in PVN or SON (p > 0.05). However, AC8KO mice tend to have lower CRH levels in amygdala and lower GR levels in the hippocampus (p < 0.05). More, AC8KO mice have higher phosphorilated-GR levels in hippocampus in comparison with WT (p = 0.01).Our data shoes that AC8 does not play a part in HPA regulation. However, it alters the expression levels and phosphorilation patterns of GR in the hippocampus, which can explain the impaired learned anxiety behavior. Since anxiety-impaired stress response is one of few outcomes of AC8 KO phenotype, we imply that this cyclase might represent a potential target for specific antianxiety drugs.
2023 – Prevalence Of Minors Mental Disorders In San Francisco Do Conde City, Bahia
Authors: Andrade-Mascimento M. , West L.E.M. , Santos V.D.C. , Brito J.S. , de Araújo E.A. , Santos A.B.S. , Martins D.F. , Mendes J.L.B. , Nascimento Sobrinho C.L. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionMinors Mental Disorders (MDM) is a term created to describe symptoms such as insomnia, fatigue, irritability, forgetfulness, difficulty concentrating, and somatic complaints.Objectives/aimsThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MDM in São Francisco do Conde (SFC), Bahia.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study by randomly selecting 456 individuals aged over 18 years, registered at the Family Health Program of CFS. The data were collected through home visits in the period from October to December 2010. The subjects answered a questionnaire containing the “Self-Report Questionnaire” (SRQ-20), the demographics and lifestyles. The SRQ-20 is composed of 20 questions, four about physical symptoms and sixteen on psycho emotional symptoms. The answers are “yes” or “no” and attributed, respectively, values of “1” and “0”. The cutoff suggested for identifying DPM was seven or more positive responses. The project was approved by a Research Ethics Committee registered the CONEP.ResultsThe results showed a prevalence of 37.7% of MDM. Among males the prevalence was 17.6% and in females was 47.5%, this result was statistically significant.ConclusionsThe results showed a high prevalence of psychological distress in this population, especially among females. The results stimulate the continuity of the actions of health surveillance carried out in the city.