bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repetitive ipsilateral painful A‐delta fibre stimuli induce bilateral LEP amplitude habituation
Authors: Hüllemann P. , Mahn F. , Shao Y.‐Q. , Watfeh R. , Wasner G. , Binder A. , Baron R. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn the scientific approach to central processing of pain, the habituation phenomenon has been frequently described. Recent studies mentioned electrophysiological habituation during the recording of laser‐evoked potentials (LEP). In this study we intended to test whether habituation can be reproducibly induced by repetitive painful laser stimuli and simultaneously measured with LEP. Inspired by findings from previous imaging studies that showed bilateral activation of the operculo‐insular cortices, we hypothesized that repetitive painful laser stimuli applied to one hand lead to bihemispheral LEP amplitude habituation.MethodsOne hundred painful stimuli were applied to the right hand of 13 healthy subjects to induce contralateral N2P2 amplitude habituation. The left hand was stimulated 25 times before and after the right‐hand stimulation to measure ispilateral LEPs; the experiment was sham controlled.ResultsWe achieved significant contralateral N2P2 amplitude and pain habituation in all subjects. After central habituation was established, there was also a significant ispilateral N2P2 amplitude decrement (derived from the left hand) compared with baseline; in the sham condition, the N2P2 amplitude was unchanged. The pain sensation showed no habituation in both the painful stimulation condition and the sham condition.ConclusionsHabituation (in the electrophysiological sense) is a physiological phenomenon that indicates normal central processing of pain in healthy controls. We showed bihemispheral N2P2 amplitude habituation after repetitive painful stimulation of the right hand. Our findings propose a bihemishperal contribution to central pain processing and pain modulation when electrophysiological habituation occurs.
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Linkage Mapping and Whole Exome Sequencing Identify a Shared Variant in CX
3
CR
1 in All Affected Members of a Large Multigeneration Family
Authors: Feldman George J , Parvizi Javad , Levenstien Mark , Scott Kathryn , Erickson Jill A , Fortina Paolo , Devoto Marcella , Peters Christopher L 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a debilitating condition characterized by incomplete formation of the acetabulum leading to dislocation of the femur, suboptimal joint function, and accelerated wear of the articular cartilage resulting in arthritis. DDH affects 1 in 1000 newborns in the United States; there are well-defined “pockets” of high prevalence in Japan, and in Italy and other Mediterranean countries. Although reasonably accurate for detecting gross forms of hip dysplasia, existing techniques fail to find milder forms of dysplasia. Undetected hip dysplasia is the leading cause of osteoarthritis of the hip in young individuals, causing over 40% of cases in this age group. A sensitive and specific test for DDH has remained a desirable yet elusive goal in orthopedics for a long time. A 72-member, four-generation affected family has been recruited, and DNA from its members retrieved. Genomewide linkage analysis revealed a 2.61-Mb candidate region (38.7–41.31 Mb from the p term of chromosome 3) co-inherited by all affected members with a maximum logarithm (base 10) of odds (LOD) score of 3.31. Whole exome sequencing and analysis of this candidate region in four severely affected family members revealed one shared variant, rs3732378, that causes a threonine (polar) to methionine (non-polar) alteration at position 280 in the transmembrane domain of CX3CR1. This mutation is predicted to have a deleterious effect on its encoded protein, which functions as a receptor for the ligand fractalkine. By Sanger sequencing this variant was found to be present in the DNA of all affected individuals and obligate heterozygotes. CX3CR1 mediates cellular adhesive and migratory functions and is known to be expressed in mesenchymal stem cells destined to become chondrocytes. A genetic risk factor that might be among the etiologic factors for the family in this study has been identified, along with other possible aggravating mutations shared by four severely affected family members. These findings might illuminate the molecular pathways affecting chondrocyte maturation and bone formation. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
MR characterization of hepatic storage iron in transfusional iron overload
Authors: Tang Haiying , Jensen Jens H. , Sammet Christina L. , Sheth Sujit , Swaminathan Srirama V. , Hultman Kristi , Kim Daniel , Wu Ed X. , Brown Truman R. , Brittenham Gary M. 
Published: May 2013

PurposeTo quantify the two principal forms of hepatic storage iron, diffuse, soluble iron (primarily ferritin), and aggregated, insoluble iron (primarily hemosiderin) using a new MRI method in patients with transfusional iron overload.Materials and MethodsSix healthy volunteers and 20 patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia syndromes and iron overload were examined. Ferritin‐ and hemosiderin‐like iron were determined based on the measurement of two distinct relaxation parameters: the “reduced” transverse relaxation rate, RR2, and the “aggregation index,” A, using three sets of Carr‐Purcell‐Meiboom‐Gill (CPMG) datasets with different interecho spacings. Agarose phantoms, simulating the relaxation and susceptibility properties of tissue with different concentrations of dispersed (ferritin‐like) and aggregated (hemosiderin‐like) iron, were used for validation.ResultsBoth phantom and in vivo human data confirmed that transverse relaxation components associated with the dispersed and aggregated iron could be separated using the two‐parameter (RR2, A) method. The MRI‐determined total hepatic storage iron was highly correlated (r = 0.95) with measurements derived from biopsy or biosusceptometry. As total hepatic storage iron increased, the proportion stored as aggregated iron became greater.ConclusionThis method provides a new means for noninvasive MRI determination of the partition of hepatic storage iron between ferritin and hemosiderin in iron overload disorders. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:307–316. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Three‐dimensional functional MRI with parallel acceleration: Balanced SSFP versus PRESTO
Authors: Vallée Emilie , Håberg Asta K. , Kristoffersen Anders 
Published: May 2013

PurposeTo compare the sensitivity and specificity of three‐dimensional (3D) principles of echo shifting using a train of observations (PRESTO) and passband balanced steady‐state free precession (SSFP) functional MRI (fMRI) sequences combined with integrated parallel acquisition techniques (iPAT) at 3 Tesla (T).Materials and MethodsThe 3D fMRI was performed using PRESTO and passband balanced SSFP with 3 mm and 1.9 mm isotropic voxels combined with iPAT, while volunteers underwent visual stimulation. From whole‐brain activation maps and predefined regions of interest in the visual cortex, Z‐score distributions, percentage of fMRI signal change, and the fMRI signals' temporal profile were compared between the sequences for the two spatial resolutions to estimate sensitivity and specificity.ResultsFor PRESTO, the Z‐score distributions had higher mean and maximum Z‐values for both resolutions than for SSFP, and the activated voxels were located to the visual cortex with high sensitivity. For SSFP, the activation was more scattered, and voxels with the highest sensitivity were found in the draining veins. The good functional contrast in PRESTO allowed for separation of voxels with early (<5 s) and late (>5 s) signal change; thus, the signal from larger draining veins could be removed. The ensuing PRESTO activation maps represent the early fMRI signal, probably more closely related to neuronal activity.ConclusionThe 3D fMRI PRESTO sequence demonstrated better sensitivity and specificity than SSFP. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:656–664. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Short‐term effects of a standardized glucose load on region‐specific aortic pulse wave velocity assessed by MRI
Authors: Jonker Jacqueline T. , Tjeerdema Nathanja , Hensen Liselotte C.R. , Lamb Hildo J. , Romijn Johannes A. , Smit Johannes W.A. , Westenberg Jos J.M. , de Roos Albert 
Published: May 2013

PurposeTo assess the short‐term effects of a standardized oral glucose load on regional aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) using two‐directional in‐plane velocity encoded MRI.Materials and MethodsA randomized, controlled intervention was performed in 16 male subjects (mean ± standard deviation: age: 59 ± 7 years, body mass index: 28 ± 3 kg/m2) with impaired fasting glucose. The intervention consisted of an oral glucose load (75 grams of carbohydrates in 300 mL water) at 1 study day and water (300 mL) at the other study day. PWV was measured using multislice two‐directional in‐plane velocity‐encoded MRI.ResultsPWV in the proximal aorta at 1 h post‐glucose load decreased compared with PWV 1‐h post‐water (delta PWV: −1.0 ± 2.6 m/s versus 0.6 ± 2.0 m/s, P = 0.02). Eight responding subjects showed a significant decrease in PWV of the proximal aorta after the glucose load and had a decreased waist circumference (P = 0.037) compared with nonresponders, being one of the major criteria of the metabolic syndrome. There was no significant change in PWV of the distal aorta at 1 h post‐load comparing both intervention groups.ConclusionA standardized oral glucose load induces a decrease of the proximal, but not of the distal, aortic PWV. Regional response of aortic PWV may be associated with features of the metabolic syndrome. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:717–721. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of echo‐sampling strategy on the accuracy of out‐of‐phase and in‐phase multiecho gradient‐Echo MRI hepatic fat fraction estimation
Authors: Levin Yakir S. , Yokoo Takeshi , Wolfson Tanya , Gamst Anthony C. , Collins Julie , Achmad Emil A. , Hamilton Gavin , Middleton Michael S. , Loomba Rohit , Sirlin Claude B. 
Published: May 2013

PurposeTo assess the effect of echo‐sampling strategy on the accuracy of out‐of‐phase (OP) and in‐phase (IP) multiecho gradient‐echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hepatic fat fraction (FF) estimation, using MR spectroscopy (MRS) proton density FF (PDFF) as a reference standard.Materials and MethodsIn this Institutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)‐compliant prospective study, 84 subjects underwent proton MRS and non‐T1‐weighted gradient‐echo imaging of the liver at 3T. Imaging data were collected at 16 nominally OP and IP echo times (TEs). MRI‐FF was estimated while varying two echo‐sampling parameters (number of consecutive echoes, starting echo number). For each combination of these parameters, MRI‐FF estimation accuracy was assessed with slope, intercept, average bias, and R2 from a linear regression of MRS‐PDFF on MRI‐FF. The relationship between accuracy metrics and echo‐sampling parameters was assessed by Spearman rank correlation.ResultsFor FF calculations using 3–16 echoes and a starting echo number of 1, the intercept ranged from 0.0046 to 0.0124, slope from 0.941 to 0.96, average bias from 0.0034 to 0.0078, and R2 from 0.968 to 0.976. All four accuracy metrics were the best with the 3‐ and 4‐echo calculations and worsened progressively with an increasing number of echoes. For a given number of echoes, there was an overall trend toward decreasing accuracy as starting echo number increased. Spearman correlation coefficients between starting echo number and intercept, slope, average bias, and R2 were 0.911, −0.64, −0.889, and −0.954, respectively, indicating progressive loss of accuracy in each case.ConclusionMultiecho OP and IP imaging provided high FF estimation accuracy. Accuracy was highest using the earliest 3 or 4 echoes. Incorporation of additional echoes or delaying the starting echo number progressively reduced accuracy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:567–575. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
NMR relaxation in systems with magnetic nanoparticles: A temperature study
Authors: Issa Bashar , Obaidat Ihab M. , Hejasee Rola H. , Qadri Shahnaz , Haik Yousef 
Published: May 2013

PurposeTo measure and model nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation enhancement due to the presence of gadolinium (Gd)‐substituted Zn‐Mn ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) at different temperatures.Materials and MethodsRelaxation rates were measured at 1.5 T using fast spin echo (FSE) sequences in samples of agarose gel doped with uncoated and polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐coated Mn0.5Zn0.5Gd0.02Fe1.98O4 nanoparticles over the temperature range 8–58°C. Physical characterization of the MNPs synthesized using chemical coprecipitation included scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and magnetometry.ResultsRelaxivity (in s−1 mM−1 Fe) for the uncoated and coated particles, respectively, increased as follows: from 2.5 to 3.2 and 0.4 to 0.7 for T1, while for T2 it increased from 162.3 to 253.7 and 59.7 to 82.2 over the temperature range 8–58°C. T2 data were fitted to the echo limited motional regime using one fitting parameter that reflects the degree of agglomeration of particles into a cluster. This parameter was found to increase linearly with temperature and was larger for the PEG‐coated particles than the uncoated ones.ConclusionThe increase of 1/T2 with temperature is modeled successfully using echo limited motional regime where both diffusion of the protons and nanoparticle cluster size increase with temperature. Both transverse and longitudinal relaxation efficiencies are reduced by PEG coating at all temperatures. If prediction of relaxation rates under different particle concentrations and operating temperatures is possible then the use of MNP in temperature monitoring and hyperthermia applications may be achieved. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:648–655. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficiency of the dry–wet method for the MALDI‐MSI analysis of latent fingermarks
Authors: Ferguson Leesa S , Creasey Stuart , Wolstenholme Rosalind , Clench Malcolm R , Francese Simona 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI) has proven to be a powerful analytical tool to investigate problems in several fields of life science. A novel application is in the field of forensics, particularly in the analysis of latent fingermarks. This technology enables images of the fingermark ridge detail and additional intelligence to be simultaneously obtained. Although several methods are available to deposit the MALDI matrix, to make the technology forensically operational, another deposition approach was devised and reported, namely the ‘dry–wet’ method. In the present study, the efficiency of the dry–wet method was evaluated and compared with the conventional spray coat methodology. Results indicate that the dry–wet method is superior for all the donors' typologies in terms of ion signal intensity and clarity of the ridge details. To underpin the reasons of this efficiency, scanning electron microscopy analyses were carried out in parallel to MALDI‐MSI experiments using matrices of different particle size. Results have confirmed that the particle size plays an important role in the efficiency of the method as higher quality images and higher intensity spectra are produced as the matrix particle size decreases. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing factors related to the pharmacologic management of laryngeal diseases and disorders
Authors: Cohen Seth M. , Kim Jaewhan , Roy Nelson , Courey Mark 
Published: May 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo examine how age, gender, comorbidity, geography, provider type, and laryngeal pathology influence the use of pharmacological treatment in managing patients with laryngeal disorders.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of data from a large, nationally representative, administrative, US claims database.MethodsPatients with a laryngeal disorder based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2008, seen as an outpatient by a primary care physician (PCP), otolaryngologist, or both and continuously enrolled for 12 months were included. Data regarding pharmacy claims, age, gender, geographic location, comorbid conditions, provider type, and laryngeal diagnosis were collected. To identify factors that influenced whether a patient received a medication or not, a logistic regression was performed.ResultsOf almost 55 million individuals in the database, 258,705 had a laryngeal diagnosis 12 months post‐index date follow‐up and an outpatient encounter with a PCP, otolaryngologist, or both. A total of 135,973 (52.6%) unique patients, mean age 47.4 years (22.2 standard deviation [SD]), with 61.9% female, received a medication, and 122,732 (47.4%), mean age 47.4 years (19.8 SD), with 65.8% female, did not. Higher odds ratios for medication treatment were associated with PCPs versus otolaryngologists, acute laryngitis, the South region, and patients with comorbid conditions. Variable prescription patterns were also observed for age and gender.ConclusionsMultiple factors are associated with the use of medical treatment for laryngeal disorders.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 2013
Health care practice patterns for balance disorders in the elderly
Authors: Roberts Daniel S. , Lin Harrison W. , Bhattacharyya Neil 
Published: May 2013

Objectives/HypothesisCharacterize health care practice patterns for balance disorders in the elderly.Study DesignCross‐sectional analysis of national health care survey.MethodsBalance disorder cases in patients aged ≥65 years were extracted from the 2008 National Health Interview Survey. Records were analyzed for health professionals seen, diagnostic testing ordered, diagnoses given, and treatments offered. Relationships between diagnostic success, imaging studies, and specialty providers seen were compared.ResultsAmong 7.02 ± 0.22 million elderly persons reporting a balance problem, 50.0% (3.44 ± 0.16 million) saw a health professional, and 35.8% saw ≥3 providers; 59.6% of elderly patients reported a diagnosed cause for the balance problem. The most common causes were medication side effects (11.3%), inner ear infection (11.0%), heart disease (8.6%), and loose ear crystals (7.9%). Imaging studies had been obtained in 56.7% (2.00 ± 0.11 million cases). Among 24.3% of patients receiving some form of treatment, 61.7% had been taking prescription medication, most commonly diuretic agents (36.5%), anxiolytic agents (25.1%), and meclizine (21.4%). Seeing an otolaryngologist or neurologist was associated with a higher but similar rate of diagnostic imaging studies (70.1%, P = .029 and 78.5%, P < .001). However, obtaining an imaging study was not associated with a diagnosed cause of the balance disorder (61.5% with imaging vs. 56.9% without, P = .265).ConclusionsDespite a high prevalence of balance problems in the elderly, a significant proportion do not come to a clear diagnosis. There is a noteworthy rate of prescription medication utilization in this population. Given an increasingly aging population, attention needs to be given to balance problems in the elderly to optimize diagnosis and health care utilization.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 123:2539–2543, 2013
Conducting Poly(N‐propylaniline) Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Detection
Authors: Chabukswar Vasant V. , Bhavsar Sanjay V. , Horne Amit S. , Handore Kalpana , Gaikwad Vishwas B. , Mohite Kakasaheb C. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryWe report a sensitive, selective, and fast responding room temperature chemiresistive sensor for hydrogen sulfide detection and quantification using poly(N‐propylaniline) (PNPA). This sensor shows an excellent wide range of detection with very good selectivity and reproducibility. Organic acid and HCl doped poly(N‐propylaniline) PNPA were synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization. It was found that the polymer synthesized using DL‐(±)‐Tartaric acid is formed in conducting emeraldine oxidation state and displayed higher doping level and crystallinity than HCl doped poly‐(N‐propylaniline). The polymers were characterized by techniques such as UV‐Visible and FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and conductivity measurement. The synthesized materials were tested as sensors for acids, bases and organic vapors etc. and categorized. Comparison of the responses of these two polymers reveals that the tartaric acid doped polymer exhibits higher sensitivity and reversibility. The result is discussed with reference to HCl doped and DL‐(±)‐Tartaric acid doped poly(N‐propylaniline). The poly(N‐propyl)aniline pellets were used as sensor by measuring change in resistance before and after exposure to analyte gas. On exposure to H2S gas (10 to 1000 ppm in air) at room temperature, it was found that the PNPA film resistance increases, while that of the PNPA pellet decreases from the respective unexposed value. These changes on removal of H2S gas are reversible in nature, and the polymer PNPA showed good sensitivity with relatively faster response/recovery time. The XRD of PNPA is found to exhibit partial crystallinity as observed from the presence of several peaks at 2θ values of 18 to 41°. The SEM figure indicates that the PNPA/TA consist of coral‐like granular particulates with diameter in the range of 50 to 100 nm.
Nanofibrillar Polymer‐Polymer Composites: Effect of Reinforcement Orientation on the Mechanical Properties
Authors: McCardle Ryan , Fakirov Stoyko , Bhattacharyya Debes 
Published: May 2013

SummaryIn‐situ poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanofibrils were created by drawing of melt blended polypropylene and PET. The drawn blend was used to prepare polymer‐polymer nanofibrillar composites (NFCs), in order to compare the effect of different fibril orientations on the mechanical properties. The resulting composites showed excellent improvements in stiffness of 116% vs. the isotropic PP matrix for uniaxial NFCs, with the highest recorded modulus of 4.16 GPa for a uniaxial NFC sample, and 3.41 GPa for a crossply sample. Scanning electron microscopy observations confirmed that the nanofibrillar structure and excellent alignment was maintained. Comparisons were also drawn between the composites created in this study, and previous work on microfibrillar composites.
Influence of Temperature and Type of Solvents on the Microdomain Orientation ofPS‐b‐P2VPUltrathin Films by Solvent Annealing
Authors: Shamsudin Siti Aisyah B. , Sakaguchi Go , Takenaka Mikihito , Hasegawa Hirokazu 
Published: May 2013

SummaryThe effect of temperature and type of solvent on the microdomain orientation during solvent‐annealing of block copolymer ultrathin films on silicon substrates was investigated using asymmetric polystyrene‐block‐poly(2‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐b‐P2VP) diblock copolymer. When the solvent‐annealing was performed with THF at 20°C, the ultrathin film exhibited a mixed orientation of cylinders parallel and perpendicular to the substrate while at 25°C only parallel cylinders were observed by AFM. The solvent annealing with acetone gave a dot pattern at 20°C and a line pattern at 25°C. On the other hand, in the case of solvent‐annealing with toluene perpendicular cylinders were observed at 25°C while at 20°C the morphology was not clear. The orientation and morphology of microdomains as well as the kinetics in PS‐b‐P2VP ultrathin films on solvent‐annealing is significantly affected by temperature and type of solvent. By controlling temperature and selecting the solvent, perpendicular cylinders can be formed predominantly on the substrates.