bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why do organizations take political stances? A review of reasons and risks
Authors: Clark Cory J. , Isch Calvin , Shariff Azim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOrganizations and their leaders have begun publicly signaling political values in candidate endorsements, statements, and advertisements, yet political action often has negative organizational consequences, including lower public support, financial costs, and reduced trust. We review the costs of organizational politicization, moderators of those costs (such as ideological alignment and size of the organization), and potential reasons why leaders take political action. Scholars often attribute political action to public pressure to “take a stand”, but this public pressure may be misunderstood. Members of the public who want organizations to take political stances desire particular stances to be made in particular ways, tend to believe in the superiority of their own values, and are relatively likely to boycott businesses for political reasons. Catering to these individuals could lead to the accumulation of supporters who are especially politically zealous and likely to punish perceived political missteps. Demands to “take a stand” might seem like one unified call to action, but they may instead be a large set of directly conflicting demands. We make recommendations for future research to better understand leaders' reasons for political action and when, if ever, such actions support the interests of organizations and broader society.
Decision‐chain integrity and sustainment of the individual placement and support model: An embedded single case study in Finland
Authors: Harkko Jaakko , Nordquist Hilla , Kouvonen Anne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe individual placement and support (IPS) model is an evidence‐based practice proven effective in aiding individuals with mental disorders to achieve and maintain competitive employment. This study examines how policy and structural factors are perceived to influence the model's sustainment as routine practice after a national development project in Finland. We aim to identify critical dimensions related to decision‐making at the national, regional, and local organisational levels. We used a qualitative single‐case approach, analysing 21 stakeholder interviews and nine administrative documents. We conducted abductive thematic analyses. We report the results in compliance with the COREQ guideline. Our analysis identified three main external contextual influences affecting service sustainment: (1) System‐Level Planning—the coherence of formulation and execution of facilitative strategies across different administrative levels; (2) Political Decision Making—the recognition of inception points of policy change and the ability to set the IPS model on a broader policy agenda; and (3) Stakeholder Engagement and Collaboration—the need for mutual goals and collaborative platforms. Strategic planning, governance decisions, and stakeholder involvement affect local‐level decisions on the IPS model's sustained implementation. This research introduces the concept of ‘Decision‐Chain Integrity’, highlighting the alignment of strategies and their implementation across different levels of administration as a pivotal factor in producing sustained change in the service system.
The transcription factor ERF110 promotes cold tolerance by directly regulating sugar and sterol biosynthesis in citrus
Authors: Khan Madiha , Dahro Bachar , Wang Yue , Wang Min , Xiao Wei , Qu Jing , Zeng Yike , Fang Tian , Xiao Peng , Xu Xiaoyong , Li Chunlong , Liu Ji‐Hong 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYERFs (ethylene‐responsive factors) are known to play a key role in orchestrating cold stress signal transduction. However, the regulatory mechanisms and target genes of most ERFs are far from being well deciphered. In this study, we identified a cold‐induced ERF, designated as PtrERF110, from trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf., also known as Citrus trifoliata L.), an elite cold‐hardy plant. PtrERF110 is a nuclear protein with transcriptional activation activity. Overexpression of PtrERF110 remarkably enhanced cold tolerance in lemon (Citrus limon) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), whereas VIGS (virus‐induced gene silencing)‐mediated knockdown of PtrERF110 drastically impaired the cold tolerance. RNA sequence analysis revealed that PtrERF110 overexpression resulted in global transcriptional reprogramming of a range of stress‐responsive genes. Three of the genes, including PtrERD6L16 (early responsive dehydration 6‐like transporters), PtrSPS4 (sucrose phosphate synthase 4), and PtrUGT80B1 (UDP‐glucose: sterol glycosyltransferases 80B1), were confirmed as direct targets of PtrERF110. Consistently, PtrERF110‐overexpressing plants exhibited higher levels of sugars and sterols compared to their wild type counterparts, whereas the VIGS plants had an opposite trend. Exogenous supply of sucrose restored the cold tolerance of PtrERF110‐silencing plants. In addition, knockdown of PtrSPS4, PtrERD6L16, and PtrUGT80B1 substantially impaired the cold tolerance of P. trifoliata. Taken together, our findings indicate that PtrERF110 positively modulates cold tolerance by directly regulating sugar and sterol synthesis through transcriptionally activating PtrERD6L16, PtrSPS4, and PtrUGT80B1. The regulatory modules (ERF110‐ERD6L16/SPS4/UGT80B1) unraveled in this study advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sugar and sterol accumulation in plants subjected to cold stress.
Hepatitis B screening in hematology patients receiving intravenous immunoglobulin
Authors: Liston K. , Prior A. R. , McHugh J. , Enright H. , Desmond R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTransient positivity for hepatitis B core antibody (Anti‐HBc) following intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and subcutaneous immunoglobulin exposure is a well‐described phenomenon. The aim of this study was to retrospectively review Hepatitis B viral screening practices in IVIG recipients in a hematology specific cohort at a single center.MethodsElectronic databases were analyzed to identify all hematology patients who received IVIG from September 2022 to March 2022 at a single Irish center (n = 43). The proportion of patients that had a baseline anti‐HBc tested prior to IVIG receipt was assessed as well as the proportion of patients that developed a transiently positive anti‐HBc following IVIG exposure. Data were also collected relating to signal cut‐off ratios in patients with detectable anti‐HBc post‐IVIG.Results58.1% of patients had at least one serological hepatitis B viral test sent prior to IVIG exposure. Anti‐HBc was the least common serological investigation performed prior to IVIG exposure (21% of recipients). A positive or equivocal “low level antibody” was identified in 15% of recipients and this was proven to be transient in all cases.ConclusionThe minority of hematology patients had a baseline anti‐HBc assessed prior to IVIG exposure. All patients in this study had the potential to require further immunosuppressive therapies, which could be limited by a misleading anti‐HBc result. We therefore advocate for baseline anti‐HBc testing to be performed prior to IVIG exposure in hematology patients and for cautious interpretation of anti‐HBc results taking into account signal cut‐off ratios post‐IVIG exposure.
Campylobacter assessment along the Spanish food chain: Identification of key points
Authors: Sacristán Carlos , Rodríguez Antonio , Iglesias Irene , de la Torre Ana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsCampylobacteriosis, caused by Campylobacter spp., is one of the most important foodborne zoonotic diseases in the world and a common cause of gastroenteritis. In the European Union, campylobacteriosis is considered the most common zoonotic disease, with over 10,000 cases in 2020 alone. This high occurrence highlights the need of more efficient surveillance methods and identification of key points.Methods and ResultsHerein, we evaluated and identified key points of Campylobacter spp. occurrence along the Spanish food chain during 2015–2020, based on the following variables: product, stage and region. We analysed a dataset provided by the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition using a machine learning algorithm (random forests). Campylobacter presence was influenced by the three selected explanatory variables, especially by product, followed by region and stage. Among the studied products, meat, especially poultry and sheep, presented the highest probability of occurrence of Campylobacter, where the bacterium was present in the initial, intermediate and final stages (e.g., wholesale, retail) of the food chain. The presence in final stages may represent direct consumer exposure to the bacteria.ConclussionsBy using the random forest method, this study contributes to the identification of Campylobacter key points and the evaluation of control efforts in the Spanish food chain.
Exercise‐induced pain within endurance exercise settings: Definitions, measurement, mechanisms and potential interventions
Authors: O'Malley Callum A. , Smith Samuel A. , Mauger Alexis R. , Norbury Ryan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPain can be defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with or resembling that associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Though consistent with this definition, different types of pain result in different behavioural and psychophysiological responses. For example, the transient, non‐threatening, acute muscle pain element of exercise‐induced pain (EIP) is entirely different from other pain types like delayed onset muscle soreness, muscular injury or chronic pain. However, studies often conflate the definitions or assume parity between distinct pain types. Consequently, the mechanisms through which pain might impact exercise behaviour across different pain subcategories may be incorrectly assumed, which could lead to interventions or recommendations that are inappropriate. Therefore, this review aims to distinguish EIP from other subcategories of pain according to their aetiologies and characteristics, thereby providing an updated conceptual and operational definition of EIP. Secondly, the review will discuss the experimental pain models currently used across several research domains and their relevance to EIP with a focus on the neuro‐psychophysiological mechanisms of EIP and its effect on exercise behaviour and performance. Finally, the review will examine potential interventions to cope with the impact of EIP and support wider exercise benefits.Highlights
What is the topic of this review?Considerations for future research focusing on exercise‐induced pain within endurance exercise settings.
What advances does it highlight? An updated appraisal and guide of research concerning exercise‐induced pain and its impact on endurance task behaviour, particularly with reference to the aetiology, measurement, and manipulation of exercise‐induced pain.
A Cost-Aware Multi-Agent System for Black-Box Design Space Exploration
Authors: Chen Siyu , Bayrak Alparslan Emrah , Sha Zhenghui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Effective coordination of design teams must account for the influence of costs incurred while searching for the best design solutions. This article introduces a cost-aware multi-agent system (MAS), a theoretical model to (1) explain how individuals in a team should search, assuming that they are all rational utility-maximizing decision-makers and (2) study the impact of cost on the search performance of both individual agents and the system. First, we develop a new multi-agent Bayesian optimization framework accounting for information exchange among agents to support their decisions on where to sample in search. Second, we employ a reinforcement learning approach based on the multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient for training MAS to identify where agents cannot sample due to design constraints. Third, we propose a new cost-aware stopping criterion for each agent to determine when costs outweigh potential gains in search as a criterion to stop. Our results indicate that cost has a more significant impact on MAS communication in complex design problems than in simple ones. For example, when searching in complex design spaces, some agents could initially have low-performance gains, thus stopping prematurely due to negative payoffs, even if those agents could perform better in the later stage of the search. Therefore, global-local communication becomes more critical in such situations for the entire system to converge. The proposed model can serve as a benchmark for empirical studies to quantitatively gauge how humans would rationally make design decisions in a team.
Physical Fitness as a Predictor of Disability Retirement: A 9-Year Register Linked Follow-Up Study
Authors: Kuusela Markus , Pohjola Valtteri , Sarttila Katariina , Munukka Matti , Holopainen Riikka , Laaksonen Mikko , Lundqvist Annamari , Lahti Jouni 
Published: July 2024

Background: To prospectively examine the association between physical fitness and risk of disability retirement in a large population-based cohort. Methods: This study utilized data from Health 2011 survey Physical Activity subsample (n = 4898), combined with information on disability retirement derived from 2 national registers. In total, 2455 individuals aged 18–74 years underwent the physical fitness test protocol concerning measures of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and balance. The outcome variable was disability retirement, during the follow-up period of 9 years. After excluding those not at risk of disability retirement (ie, age ≥63 y) or who had already been granted disability pension, and those who had not completed the fitness protocol, the analytical sample included 1381 participants. Data were analyzed using Cox regression model with SPSS (version 29). Results: During the 9-year follow-up period, 61 individuals (4.4%) transitioned to a disability retirement. Cox regression analysis showed an association between the various physical fitness subdomains and the risk of disability retirement. In model 1, all fitness tests were associated with the risk of disability retirement, except the one-leg stand test with hazard ratios ranging from 1.69 (95% CI, 0.86–3.34) to 5.75 (95% CI, 1.84–17.90). Further adjustment for sociodemographic, health behavior, and health-related covariates attenuated the associations and statistical significance was lost, except for the vertical jump test (hazard ratio = 4.33; 95% CI, 1.32–14.10) and 6-minute walk test (hazard ratio = 3.81; 95% CI, 1.35–10.70). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of physical fitness for preventing work disability.
Effectiveness of behavioural interventions with motivational interviewing on physical activity outcomes in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu SuFen , Sinha Deepra , Kirk Megan , Michalopoulou Moscho , Hajizadeh Anisa , Wren Gina , Doody Paul , Mackillop Lucy , Smith Ralph , Jebb Susan A , Astbury Nerys M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness of behavioural interventions that include motivational interviewing on physical activity outcomes in adults.

Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Study selection
A search of seven databases for randomised controlled trials published from inception to 1 March 2023 comparing a behavioural intervention including motivational interviewing with a comparator without motivational interviewing on physical activity outcomes in adults. Outcomes of interest were differences in change in quantitative measures of total physical activity, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary time.

Data extraction and synthesis
Two reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Population characteristics, intervention components, comparison groups, and outcomes of studies were summarised. For overall main effects, random effects meta-analyses were used to report standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Differential effects based on duration of follow-up, comparator type, intervention duration, and disease or health condition of participants were also examined.

Results
129 papers reporting 97 randomised controlled trials totalling 27 811 participants and 105 comparisons were included. Interventions including motivational interviewing were superior to comparators for increases in total physical activity (SMD 0.45, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.65, equivalent to 1323 extra steps/day; low certainty evidence) and MVPA (0.45, 0.19 to 0.71, equivalent to 95 extra min/week; very low certainty evidence) and for reductions in sedentary time (−0.58, −1.03 to −0.14, equivalent to −51 min/day; very low certainty evidence). Evidence for a difference in any outcome compared with comparators of similar intensity was lacking. The magnitude of effect diminished over time, and evidence of an effect of motivational interviewing beyond one year was lacking. Most interventions involved patients with a specific health condition, and evidence of an effect of motivational interviewing to increase MVPA or decrease sedentary time was lacking in general population samples.

Conclusions
Certainty of the evidence using motivational interviewing as part of complex behavioural interventions for promoting total physical activity in adults was low, and for MVPA and sedentary time was very low. The totality of evidence suggests that although interventions with motivational interviewing increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behaviour, no difference was found in studies where the effect of motivational interviewing could be isolated. Effectiveness waned over time, with no evidence of a benefit of motivational interviewing to increase physical activity beyond one year.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020219881.
Psychosocial outcomes following emergency laparotomy (POLO) study: a study protocol for a multicentre mixed-methods prospective cohort study assessing the psycho-social outcomes following emergency laparotomy in adults
Authors: Silva Louise , Abbas Mohamed Sarah , Meggy Alun , Ng Jene Hwei , Torkington Jared , Moug Susan , Watts Tessa , Bisson Jonathan , Cornish Julie A 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionMorbidity from an emergency laparotomy (EmLap) is difficult to define and poorly understood. Morbidity is a holistic concept, reliant upon an interplay of bio-psychosocial outcomes that evolve long after discharge. To date, no previous study has explored the psychosocial outcomes following EmLap as a collective, nor their change over time. This study aims to describe the holistic morbidity following EmLap within the first year following surgery.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre, mixed-methods prospective 12-month cohort study with two participant populations: patient participants and family caregivers (FCGs). A target of 160 adult patients who undergo EmLap and can give informed consent will be included in the patient participant group. Patient participants will be asked to complete three patient surveys, incorporating validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess bio-psychosocial outcomes (EuroQol five-dimension five-level (EQ5D-5L), Gastrointestinal Quality Life Index-36, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7, International Trauma Questionnaire, Caregiver Interaction Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale) in the 12 months following surgery. A subgroup of 15 patient participants will be asked to take part in two semistructured interviews at 6 and 12 months. A target of 15 associated family caregivers will be included in the FCG group. FCGs will be asked to take part in a semi-structured interview at 6 months to assess the EmLap impact on the wider support network. The primary outcome will be a change in quality of life (EQ5D-5L) at 12 months. Secondary outcomes will be changes in bio-psychosocial status at 3 and 12 months. Qualitative analysis will allow contextualisation of PROMS and further explore themes of EmLap morbidity. It is anticipated that the results of this study will help inform and develop standards of aftercare for future EmLap patients.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received ethical approval (Wales REC7;12/WA/0297) and will be undertaken in accordance with the principles of Good Clinical Practice. We intend to disseminate study results in peer-reviewed journals and medical conferences, as well as a lay report to study participants.Trial registration numberClinical Trials.govNCT05281627.
Interactive voice response (IVR) for tobacco cessation: a systematic review
Authors: Khan Maha , Memedovich Ally , Eze Nkiruka , Asante Benedicta , Adhikari Kamala , Dunn Rachel , Clement Fiona 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo summarise the uses, outcomes and implementation of interactive voice response (IVR) as a tobacco cessation intervention.Data sourcesA systematic review was conducted. Searches were performed on 3 May 2023. The strategies used keywords such as “tobacco cessation”, “smoking reduction” and “interactive voice recording”. Ovid MEDLINE ALL, Embase, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched. Grey literature searches were also conducted.Study selectionTitles and abstracts were assessed by two independent reviewers. Studies were included if IVR was an intervention for tobacco cessation for adults; any outcomes were reported and study design was comparative. Any abstract included by either reviewer proceeded to full-text review. Full texts were reviewed by two independent reviewers.Data extractionData were independently extracted by two reviewers using a standardised form. The Risk of Bias Tool for Randomised Trials and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions tools were used to assess study quality.Data synthesisOf 308 identified abstracts, 20 moderate-quality to low-quality studies were included. IVR was used standalone or adjunctly as a treatment, follow-up or risk-assessment tool across populations including general smokers, hospitalised patients, quitline users, perinatal women, patients with cancer and veteran smokers. Effective studies found that IVR was delivered more frequently with shorter follow-up times. Significant gaps in the literature include a lack of population diversity, limited implementation settings and delivery schedules, and limited patient and provider perspectives.ConclusionsWhile the evidence is weak, IVR appears to be a promising intervention for tobacco cessation. However, pilot programmes and research addressing literature gaps are necessary.