bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supplemental Selenium Reduces the Levels of Biomarkers of Oxidative and General Stress in Peripartum Dairy Cows / Dodati Selen Snižava Nivoe Biomarkera Oksidativnog I Opšteg Stresa Kod Mlečnih Krava U Peripartalnom Periodu
Authors: Jovanović B. Ivan , Veličković Miljan , Milanović Svetlana , Valčić Olivera , Gvozdić Dragan , Vranješ-Đurić Sanja 
Published: June 2015

The aim of this investigation was to determine the influence of oxidative stress upon general stress in dairy cows on parturition and whether the indicators of stress can be reduced by selenium (Se) supplementation.
A total of 36 animals were divided into 3 groups 21 days prepartum and treated with a single-term intramuscular supplement of sodium selenite: Control group - 0 mg; group Se10 - 10 mg; group Se20 - 20 mg.
Se supplementation significantly raised blood Se content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in groups Se10 and Se20, compared to Control, although there was no marked difference between supplemented groups. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and cortisol concentrations were significantly reduced in supplemented groups Se10 and Se20, compared to Control. A negative correlation was detected between blood GPx activity and plasma MDA, while a positive correlation was determined between plasma MDA and cortisol concentrations.
These results indicate that prepartum Se supplementation can be utilized for a partial relief of stress in cows during labor by augmenting the antioxidative action of GPx.
Investigation of Biofilm Formation and Phylogenetic Typing of Escherichia Coli Strains Isolated from Milk of Cows with Mastitis / Ispitivanje Formiranja Biofilma I Filogenetska Tipizacija Sojeva Escherichia Coli Izolovanih Iz Mleka Krava Sa Mastitisom
Authors: Milanov Dubravka , Prunić Bojana , Velhner Maja , Todorović Dalibor , Polaček Vladimir 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Escherichia coli is an opportunistic pathogen affecting bovine mammary gland causing mainly transient infections; however, some recent reports indicated that some strains are able to adhere to and internalize into the epithelial cells, which can result in the persistence of the pathogen in the tissue and development of recurrent mastitis. The mechanism of adaptation of E. coli to the mammary gland relies on structures that are distinctive components of its extracellular matrix - curli fimbriae (proteinaceous component) and cellulose (polysaccharide). Expression of these components varies among the isolates. In this study, we investigated the capacity of expression of curli fimbriae and cellulose (via colony morphotype on Congo Red agar) and ability of biofilm formation (microtiter plate test) in 25 strains of E. coli isolated from milk of cows with clinical mastitis. Phylogenetic grouping of the isolates was performed using PCR method based on detection of chuA, yjaA and TspE4-C2 amplicons. Antimicrobial susceptibility was examined using standard disk diffusion test. Production of both extracellular matrix components was established in 56%, and expression of curli fimbriae in 64% E. coli isolates. All isolates that produced curli fimbriae, demonstrated this ability at a temperature of 37°C, indicating the potential role of these adhesive structures in the pathogenesis of mastitis. The results of phylogenetic typing confirmed that E. coli strains isolated from milk of cows with mastitis are typical commensals mainly belonging to phylogenetic groups A and B1. All curli and curli/cellulose producing isolates formed biofilm under in vitro conditions. The biofilm potentially plays an important role in the development of persistent infections as well as recurrent clinical symptoms after antibiotic therapy in spite of quite good in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the agent.
Changes in the Concentrations of Acute Phase Proteins in Calves during the first Month of Life / Promene Koncentracije Proteina Akutne Faze Tokom Prvog Meseca Života Teladi
Authors: Tóthová Csilla , Nagy Oskar , Nagyová Veronika , Kováč Gabriel 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe the physiological changes in the concentrations of acute phase proteins (APPs) in calves during the first month of life, including pre-, postcolostral and milk feeding period. Seven clinically healthy calves were used in this study. Calves received colostrum and whole milk from their dams. The first blood sampling was performed before colostrum intake (day 0) and then at 1, 2, 7, 14 and 30 days of age. Blood serum was analyzed for the concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and albumin (Alb). The results showed significant changes in the serum concentrations of Hp, SAA and Cp (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.01). Their lowest concentrations were found after birth, and a gradual increase was observed after colostrum intake until day 7 of life. Another trend was observed in the concentrations of albumin with a more marked decrease of values 1 day after colostrum intake and subsequent significant increase of values until the end of the first month of age (P<0.001). Sampling time had no significant effect on the concentrations of AGP. The values observed at birth and on day 1 of life were relatively stable. The concentrations of AGP increased slightly from day 2 until the end of the first month of age. These results suggest that the concentrations of APPs in the neonatal period are influenced by colostrum intake and age. This should be taken into consideration for the precise interpretation of these analytes in young animals.
Assessing the Risk of Cerebral Palsy in Children Born after Assisted Conception – The Role of Multiple Pregnancy and Preterm Delivery / Procena rizika od cerebralne paralize kod dece začete vantelesnim oplođenjem – uloga višestruke trudnoće i prevremenog rođenja
Authors: Milićević Milena , Potić Srećko 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARY
For more than three decades, assisted reproductive techniques (ART) have been used as effective treatments to overcome infertility. Since then, numerous studies have been focused on different aspects of long-term health and development of children born after assisted conception. The aim of this paper is to summarize new data on multiple pregnancy and preterm delivery as one of the risk factors which might increase the risk of developing cerebral palsy (CP) in children born after assisted conception.
A comprehensive search of eight databases retrieved 108 papers, 10 of which met inclusion criteria and were relevant for this review.
Despite the dissimilarities in methodological and analytic approaches in the selected studies, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are generally considered safe, still there is an ongoing discussion whether multiple pregnancy and preterm delivery increase or do not increase the risk of CP in children born after assisted conception.
All information about possible adverse maternal and/or infant outcomes should be made available to the couples seeking ART treatment
Bone Tissue Response to Endomethasone Implanted into the Rat Mandible / Reakcija koštanog tkiva na endometazon implantiran u mandibulu pacova
Authors: Nikolić Marija , Gašić Jovanka , Mitić Aleksandar , Popović Jelena , Radovanović Aleksandra , Barac Radomir 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARY
The aim of the paper was to investigate the tissue response to the implantation of "Endomethasone" (Septodont) in artificially prepared defect in the rat mandible.
Sixteen Wistar male rats were used for the experiment. After anesthesia, a defect between the midline and the mental foramen of the left mandible was made (diameter 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm depth) using sterile steel burs. In the defect of the experimental group (12 animals) “Endomethasone“ was implanted while the defect in the control group (4 animals) was left to heal spontaneously. One half of animals of both groups was sacrificed after fifteen days, and the second half after sixty days. The samples consisted of the defect and the surrounding bone. After routine decalcination and processing, the samples were embedded in paraffin, and microscopic preparations were made, on the basis of which a microscopic analysis was performed.
Fifteen-day-old specimens showed the early signs of bone resorption, as well as granulated connective tissue, hyperemic blood vessels, fibrin exudate to a lesser extent, with the difference that inflammatory infiltrates were less present in the experimental group. Sixty-day-old specimens demonstrated the degree of bone healing; tissue filling with newly formed bone was significantly more advanced in the control group. Experimental group showed a sign of delay with significant presence of callus tissue that more in the form of focus showed a deposition of the young bone tissue.
Endomethasone masks the inflammatory reaction which follows operational procedures. In the long run, according to the results of the present research, Endomethasone can interfere with bone healing by causing delayed inflammatory reaction
GNSS-Warp Software for Real-Time Precise Point Positioning
Authors: Tomasz Hadaś 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
On April 1, 2013 IGS launched the real-time service providing products for Precise Point Positioning (PPP). The availability of real-time makes PPP a very powerful technique to process GNSS signals in real-time and opens a new PPP applications opportunities. There are still, however, some limitations of PPP, especially in the kinematic mode. A significant change in satellite geometry is required to efficiently de-correlate troposphere delay, receiver clock offset, and receiver height. In order to challenge PPP limitations, the GNSS-WARP (Wroclaw Algorithms for Real-time Positioning) software has been developed from scratch at Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science in Poland. This paper presents the GNSS-WARP software itself and some results of GNSS data analysis using PPP and PPP-RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) technique. The results of static and kinematic processing in GPS only and GPS + GLONASS mode with final and real-time products are presented. Software performance validation in postprocessing mode confirmed that the software can be considered as a state-ofthe- art software and used for further studies on PPP algorithm development. The real-time positioning test made it possible to assess the quality of real-time coordinates, which is a few millimeters for North, East, Up in static mode, a below decimeter in kinematic mode. The accuracy and precision of height estimates in kinematic mode were improved by constraining the solution with an external, near real-time troposphere model. The software also allows estimation of real-time ZTD, however, the obtained precision of 11.2 mm means that further improvements in the software, real-time products or processing strategy are required.
Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Nodular Tuberculosis in a HIV Positive Patient (Case report)
Authors: Cambrea Simona Claudia , Resul Ghiulendan , Danteș Elena , Halichidis Stela , Chirilă S. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Even though there are many similarities in symptoms and radiological aspect between pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and lung neoplasia, there are many differences between them like different etiologies, different consequences, and altogether different management. We present a case of a 59 years old male, heterosexual, who was HIV diagnosed in the last 16 years. He had a good immunological and virusological evolution over the time. In the last 5 months of his life he was diagnosed with pulmonary TB and he received specific treatment. After 4 months of antituberculous treatment patient became asthenic, febrile, with productive cough, and weight loss. Imagistic evolution was unfavorable. The suspicion of pulmonary neoplasm raises in the last 3 weeks of his life. Macroscopic lung examination during autopsy was suggestive rather to a pulmonary TB than a lung neoplasm, with a nodular pattern very similar with nodular TB. Histopathological examination evidenced a lung adenocarcinoma.
In HIV patients a delayed or missed diagnosis of lung cancer, can lead to late treatment or wrong treatments, and finally death of patient.
Distributive Pseudo Be-Algebras
Authors: Borzooei R. A. , Saeid A. Borumand , Rezaei A. , Radfar A. , Ameri R. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the notion of distributive pseudo BE-algebra and show that the related relation defined on this structure is transitive and prove that every pseudo upper set is a pseudo filter. Also, the pseudo filter generated by a set is define and show that the set of all pseudo filters is distributive complete lattice but it is not complemented. the notion of prime and irreducible subset and prove that every irreducible subset is prime.
Growth Estimates of Composite Entire Functions in the Light of Slowly Changing Functions Based Relative Order, Relative Type and Relative Weak Type
Authors: Datta S. K. , Biswas T. , Bhattacharyya S. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In the paper we prove some growth properties of maximum term and maximum modulus of composition of entire functions on the basis of relative L*-order, relative L*-type and relative L*-weak type.
Effects of sub-acute methanol extract treatment of Calliandra portoricensis root bark on antioxidant defence capacity in an experimental rat model
Authors: Siemuri Ese O. , Akintunde Jacob K. , Salemcity Anuoluwapo J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background: The attendant side effects associated with some synthetic drugs used in the management of diseases have led to the search for safer alternative therapies that are relatively cheaper with minimal side effects.

Methods: The methanol extract of Calliandra
portoricensis root bark (CPRB) was orally administered at the doses of 5, 10, 20, and 25 mg/kg body weight for 14 consecutive days of 5 rats in each group. The control rats were given distilled water.

Results: The 95% methanol extract of CPRB significantly (p<0.05) scavenged NO• and OH• radicals compared to vitamin C. The level of lipid peroxidative products (malondialdehyde, MDA) was significantly (p<0.05) attenuated in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly (p<0.05) exercabated in both liver and kidney in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, serum AST, alanine aminotransaminase and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity depicted non-significant (p>0.05) increase in the treated animals. The histological examination showed mild vacuolar, portal congestion and cell infiltration by mononuclear of the hepatic tissues.

Conclusions: The study then concluded that a therapeutic dose of the methanol extract of CPRB triggered the antioxidant defence systems in male rats. It is, therefore, recommended that the doses should be carefully and clinically chosen because higher doses may cause some health risks.
Corporate tax in an international environment – Problems and possible remedies
Authors: Kari Seppo 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The paper addresses the problems of corporate taxation in a globalized world. It first considers recent trends in international practices and then reviews the literature on the effects of corporate taxes in closed and open economies. The paper emphasizes the severity of the problems caused by current international tax rules. It compares various national and international policy alternatives and considers two recent Nordic tax reform proposals as examples of national-level solutions. The problems of current international corporate taxation are fundamental. Introducing increasingly tight antiavoidance measures could serve as a medium-term approach but does not provide any promising long-term solution. There should be more research concerning initiatives that would reform the fundamental principles of the international tax system.
Selected methods of electron-and ion-diagnostics in tokamak scrape-off-layer
Authors: Sadowski Marek J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This invited paper considers reasons why exact measurements of fast electron and ion losses in tokamaks, and particularly i n a scrape-off-layer and near a divertor region, are necessary in order to master nuclear fusion energy production. Attention is also paid to direct measurements of escaping fusion products from D-D and D-T reactions, and in particular of fast alphas which might be used for plasma heating. The second part describes the generation of so-called runaway and ripple-born electrons which might induce high energy losses and cause severe damages of internal walls in fusion facilities. Advantages and disadvantages of different diagnostic methods applied for studies of such fast electrons are discussed. Particular attention is paid to development of a direct measuring technique based on the Cherenkov effect which might be induced by fast electrons in appropriate radiators. There are presented various versions of Cherenkov-type probes which have been developed by the NCBJ team and applied in different tokamak experiments. The third part is devoted to direct measurements of fast ions (including those produced by the nuclear fusion reactions) which can escape from a high-temperature plasma region. Investigation of fast fusion-produced protons from tokamak discharges is reported. New ion probes, which were developed by the NCBJ team, are also presented. For the first time there is given a detailed description of an ion pinhole camera, which enables irradiation of several nuclear track detectors during a single tokamak discharge, and a miniature Thomson-type mass-spectrometer, which can be used for ion measurements at plasma borders.
Shock dynamics induced by double-spot laser irradiation of layered targets
Authors: Aliverdiev Abutrab A. , Batani Dimitri , Amirova Anise A. , Benocci Roberto , Dezulian Riccardo , Krouský Eduard , Pfeifer Miroslav , Skala Jiři , Dudzak Roman , Jakubowska Katarzyna 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We studied the interaction of a double-spot laser beam with targets using the Prague Asterix Laser System (PALS) iodine laser working at 0.44 μm wavelength and intensity of about 1015 W/cm2. Shock breakout signals were recorder using time-resolved self-emission from target rear side of irradiated targets. We compared the behavior of pure Al targets and of targets with a foam layer on the laser side. Results have been simulated using hydrodynamic numerical codes.
Numerical simulations of generation of high-energy ion beams driven by a petawatt femtosecond laser
Authors: Domański Jarosław , Badziak Jan , Jabłoński Sławomir 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This contribution presents results of a Particle-in-Cell simulation of ion beam acceleration via the interaction of a petawatt 25 fs laser pulse of high intensity (up to ~1021 W/cm2) with thin hydrocarbon (CH) and erbium hydride (ErH3) targets of equal areal mass density (of 0.6 g/m2). A special attention is paid to the effect that the laser pulse polarization and the material composition of the target have on the maximum ion energies and the number of high energy (>10 MeV) protons. It is shown that both the mean and the maximum ion energies are higher for the linear polarization than for the circular one. A comparison of the maximum proton energies and the total number of protons generated from the CH and ErH3 targets using a linearly polarized beam is presented. For the ErH3 targets the maximum proton energies are higher and they reach 50 MeV for the laser pulse intensity of 1021 W/cm2. The number of protons with energies higher than 10 MeV is an order of magnitude higher for the ErH3 targets than that for the CH targets.
Hot electron refluxing in the short intense laser pulse interactions with solid targets and its influence on K-α radiation
Authors: Horný Vojtěch , Klimo Ondřej 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Fast electrons created as a result of the laser beam interaction with a solid target penetrate into the target material and initialize processes leading to the generation of the characteristic X-ray K-α radiation. Due to the strong electric field induced at the rear side of a thin target the transmitted electrons are redirected back into the target. These refluxing electrons increase the K-α radiation yield, as well as the duration of the X-ray pulse and the size of the radiation emitting area. A model describing the electron refluxing was verified via particle-in-cell simulations for non-relativistic electron energies. Using this model it was confirmed that the effect of the electron refluxing on the generated X-ray radiation depends on the target thickness and the target material. A considarable increase of the number of the emitted K-α photons is observed especially for thin targets made of low-Z materials, and for higher hot electron temperatures.
Second order reflection from crystals used in soft X-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Książek Ireneusz 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this note the ratio of the second to the first order reflection is determined for the KAP and PbSt crystals, for wavelengths corresponding to the Al K-line emission. The source of the radiation was a low-voltage stabilized X-ray tube. The X-rays were detected with a Bragg spectrometer equipped with a proportional counter detector. The signal measured by the proportional counter was subsequently pulse height analyzed.
Overview of processing technologies for tungsten-steel composites and FGMs for fusion applications
Authors: Matějíček Jiří , Nevrlá Barbara , Vilémová Monika , Boldyryeva Hanna 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Tungsten is a prime candidate material for the plasma-facing components in future fusion devices, e.g. ITER and DEMO. Because of the harsh and complex loading conditions and the differences in material properties, joining of the tungsten armor to the underlying construction and/or cooling parts is a complicated issue. To alleviate the thermal stresses at the joint, a sharp interface may be replaced by a gradual one with a smoothly varying composition. In this paper, several techniques for the formation of tungsten-steel composites and graded layers are reviewed. These include plasma spraying, laser cladding, hot pressing and spark plasma sintering. Structure, composition and selected thermal and mechanical properties of representative layers produced by each of these techniques are presented. A summary of advantages and disadvantages of the techniques and an assessment of their suitability for the production of plasma-facing components is provided.
First dedicated observations of runaway electrons in the COMPASS tokamak
Authors: Vlainić Miloš , Mlynář Jan , Weinzettl Vladímir , Papřok Richard , Imríšek Martin , Ficker Ondřej , Vondráček Petr , Havlíček Josef 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Runaway electrons present an important part of the present efforts in nuclear fusion research with respect to the potential damage of the in-vessel components. The COMPASS tokamak a suitable tool for the studies of runaway electrons, due to its relatively low vacuum safety constraints, high experimental flexibility and the possibility of reaching the H-mode D-shaped plasmas. In this work, results from the first experimental COMPASS campaign dedicated to runaway electrons are presented and discussed in preliminary way. In particular, the first observation of synchrotron radiation and rather interesting raw magnetic data are shown.