bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspects de l’évolution des coutumes ancestrales dans le Droit public des chefferies traditionnelles au Cameroun
Authors: Sietchoua Djuitchoko Célestin 
Published: March 2015

Le principe de la négation du droit public indigène érigé en dogme du droit public moderne au Cameroun depuis la période d’occupation française subit, voici maintenant plus d’une vingtaine d’années, une lente transformation dans une relative indifférence de la doctrine.
Les chefferies traditionnelles du Décret n° 77/245 du 15 juillet 1977 illustrent cette reprise en main des normes coutumières en droit public interne.
Cet article montre comment à partir d’un dispositif législatif fermé, le juge administratif a su dégager les normes coutumières du droit public des chefferies traditionnelles. Il analyse les limites de cette opération de résurrection des coutumes, d’abord par le biais de contrôles administratifs, puis au moyen de contrôles jurisprudentiels.
Un tel effort de création du droit inspirée de la culture locale est la preuve que le droit public interne tire également sa source juridique de la coutume, et non plus exclusivement de la Constitution, de la loi et des principes généraux de droit comme certains continuent de l’écrire et de l’enseigner.
Le Père Noël des créateurs et diffuseurs des oeuvres de l’esprit au Cameroun : La Loi n° 2000/011 du 19 décembre 2000 relative au droit d’auteur et aux droits voisins
Authors: Miendjiem Isidore Léopold 
Published: March 2015

La loi française du 11 mars 1957 sur la propriété littéraire et artistique appliquée au Cameroun jusqu’en 1982 était inadaptée au contexte politico-culturel camerounais, ce qui a provoqué son remplacement par la Loi n° 82-18 du 26 novembre 1982 relative au droit d’auteur. Cette dernière a eu le mérite de protéger le folklore et les oeuvres qui s’en inspirent, mais avait la faiblesse de ne pas protéger les droits voisins du droit d’auteur. La nécessité de protéger les droits voisins a conduit à l’adoption de la Loi n° 90/ 010 du 10 août 1990 relative au droit d’auteur et droits voisins du droit d’auteur. Le développement prodigieux de l’informatique et des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication, à l’origine de l’émergence d’oeuvres nouvelles et de nouvelles possibilités de diffusion, a rapidement révélé l’obsolescence de la loi de 1990. La loi adoptée le 19 décembre 2000 sur le droit d’auteur et droit voisin intègre l’environnement numérique dans lequel l’on vit désormais, élargit les catégories d’oeuvres protégées et améliore la condition matérielle des créateurs et diffuseurs des oeuvres de l’esprit.
En droit positif camerounais, de nouvelles catégories d’oeuvres protégées sont venues enrichir l’éventail qui existait déjà. Il s’agit des oeuvres de commande et des oeuvres informatiques comme les logiciels, les bases de données, les oeuvres multimédias. En même temps, les mécanismes de protection des oeuvres de l’esprit ont été simplifiés et améliorés en vue de procurer aux créateurs et diffuseurs des oeuvres des garanties les plus efficaces. C’est ainsi qu’on note un renforcement des attributs moraux des auteurs et artistes et la sécurisation de leur rétribution en vue de les sortir de la précarité des conditions matérielles.
Oxidative response to cadmium and lead accumulations in the tissues of blue swimming crabs Portunus pelagicus from the Trang Province coastline, Southern Thailand
Authors: Imsilp Kanjana , Tanhan Phanwimol , Lansubsakul Niyada , Thong-asa Wachiryah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Metals have been reported to alter the oxidative status of both redox-active and redox-inactive metals accompanying oxidative stress induction. In aquatic ecosystems, metal contamination is regarded as serious pollutants and bioaccumulation, especially when aquatic seafood products are involved, which results in human risk. The blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus is a highly popular crab species for consumption as seafood in Thailand. The meat parts and the hepatopancreas (HP) together with gonad are consumed and in high demand. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) along with tissue oxidative responses in P. pelagicus.

Methods
Sixty-seven samples of P. pelagicus were obtained from small-scale fishers along the coastline of Trang Province. Bioaccumulation of Cd and Pb and oxidative response in gill, muscle, and HP + gonad were evaluated.

Result
Cadmium and Pb accumulation levels were highest in the HP and gonad, followed by the gill and then muscle, indicating that Cd and Pb have a high affinity to be concentrated in the HP and gonad. An organ-specific oxidative response to Cd and Pb accumulation was demonstrated in which Cd significantly activated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the gills and muscle tissue, while Pb significantly activated the SOD activity only in the HP and gonad. Only Cd accumulation in gill tissue represented a significant activation of lipid peroxidation, as indicated by the malondialdehyde level.

Conclusion
This study implied that P. pelagicus exhibits an “adaptive stage” in the oxidative response of tissue due to metal accumulation. Additionally, the data presented here further indicate that the consumption of only the meat parts and removal of the HP and gonad would reduce human exposure to metal toxicity.
Abstract
Impact statement This is the first report to assay oxidative response related to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) accumulation in blue swimming crabs along the coastline of Trang Province, Thailand. The relative organ accumulation levels for Cd and Pb were highest in the hepatopancreas and gonad, followed by the gill and then muscle.
Cerebral‐Cerebellar Cortical Activity and Connectivity Underlying Sensory Trick in Cervical Dystonia
Authors: Cai Nai‐Qing , Shi Wu‐Xiang , Chen Ru‐Kai , Chen Bo‐Li , Li Yu‐Rong , Wang Ning 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the activity and connectivity of cerebral and cerebellar cortices underlying the sensory trick (ST) effects in patients with cervical dystonia (CD), using electroencephalography (EEG).MethodsWe recruited 15 CD patients who exhibited clinically effective ST and 15 healthy controls (HCs) who mimicked the ST maneuver. EEG signals and multiple‐channel electromyography (EMG) were recorded simultaneously during resting and acting stages. EEG source analysis and functional connectivity were performed. To account for the effects of sensory processing, we calculated relative power changes as the difference in power spectral density between resting and the maneuver execution.ResultsST induced a decrease in low gamma (30–50 Hz) spectral power in the primary sensory and cerebellar cortices, which remained lower than in HCs during the maintenance period. Compared with HCs, patients exhibited consistently strengthened connectivity within the sensorimotor network during the maintenance period, particularly in the primary sensory‐sensorimotor cerebellum connection.InterpretationThe application of ST resulted in altered cortical excitability and functional connectivity regulated by gamma oscillation in CD patients, suggesting that this effect cannot be solely attributed to motor components. The cerebellum may play important roles in mediating the ST effects.
Cobb syndrome effectively treated with trametinib
Authors: Sun Yi , Yang Xitao , Fan Xindong , Su Lixin , Cai Ren 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCobb syndrome is a rare neurocutaneous disease characterized by vascular anomalies involving the skin and spinal cord at the same metamere. The most common initial symptoms are neurological manifestations such as pain, monoparesis, headache, scoliosis, and motor damage. We present two patients with Cobb syndrome and severe disease burden harboring somatic mutations in KRAS. The two patients were subsequently treated with the MEK inhibitor trametinib, indicating the potential therapeutic benefit of this treatment for patients with life‐threatening Cobb syndrome who are currently considered incurable.
Achieving High‐Quality Perovskite Films with Guanidine‐Based Additives for Efficient and Stable Methylammonium‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhou Wenwu , Tai Shuya , Li Yi , Fu Huiting , Zheng Qingdong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPower conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the methylammonium‐free (MA‐free) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are constantly lagging behind those of the most extensively researched triple cation mixed PSCs due to their subpar perovskite films. Here, two guanidine‐based passivation agents are proposed, that are, sulfaguanidine (S‐Gua) and 1‐acetylguanidine (A‐Gua) that can be applied to optimize the film quality of MA‐free perovskite for minimizing the efficiency discrepancy between the two types of PSCs. Through strong coordination with Pb2+ and hydrogen bonding with formamidinium (FA+), the two passivation additives can reduce bulk defects and suppress non‐radiative recombination, which in turn enhance the charge extraction and transfer efficiency. Consequently, the S‐Gua‐ and A‐Gua‐treated devices achieve PCEs of 24.34% and 23.77%, respectively. Both PCEs are greater than that of the control device (23.03%), and the 24.34% PCE is comparable with that of the best MA‐free inverted PSCs with narrower bandgaps. Moreover, the S‐Gua‐treated devices maintain 89.3% and 82.0% of their initial PCEs after aging for 800 h and heating (85 °C) for 340 h in ambient air without any encapsulation, respectively. This work offers comprehensive insights into the use of guanidine‐based additives to achieve high‐quality perovskite films and subsequently state‐of‐the‐art MA‐free PSCs.
Nanoclay Hybridized Graphene Aerogels Encapsulating Phase Change Material for Efficient Solar‐Driven Desalination and Electricity Generation
Authors: Tang Yili , Zhao Xiaoguang , Li Yihang , Yang Zehui , Zuo Xiaochao , Tang Aidong , Yang Huaming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe utilization of graphene aerogel encapsulated phase change materials (PCMs) presents a promising strategy to achieve solar‐thermal energy conversion and storage. However, the self‐stacking effect and inherent lattice defects in graphene aerogel significantly restrict its overall performance in the encapsulation of PCMs. Herein, interfacially self‐assembled amino‐attapulgite/graphene hybrid aerogels (GNA) are prepared via inspired by the mortise‐tenon structure. Thanks to the structural regulation of the graphene aerogel by the amino‐attapulgite nanofibers, the hybrid aerogels establish a continuous heat transfer pathway inside and ensure stable encapsulation of PCMs. The solar‐driven shape‐stabilized composite PCMs (LA/GNAb) based on GNAb impregnated with lauric acid (LA), which achieves coordinated enhancement of the effective encapsulation rate for LA (93.1%), thermal conductivity (1.164 W m−1 K−1), and photothermal conversion capability (90.5%). Drawing upon the photothermal conversion and thermal storage properties of LA/GNAb, this study demonstrates its advanced applications in solar‐driven desalination and solar‐thermoelectric generation. The evaporator and generator with integrated LA/GNAb show a high evaporation rate of 2.13 kg m−2 h−1 and a stable power density of 1.57 W m−2 under 1‐sun irradiation, respectively, which can sustain additional operating time even under the dark. This work provides new insight into the design of multifunctional solar‐driven thermal interfacial materials.
COFs‐Based Metal‐Free Heterojunctions for Solar‐to‐Chemical Energy Conversion
Authors: Zhou Tianyu , Ma Yunchao , Feng Hao , Lu Ye , Che Guangbo , Liu Chunbo , Lan Yaqian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a promising class of organic polymers with the merits of robust framework, ultrahigh porosity, and molecularly precise backbones, which reveals great potential for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion in the context of mitigating energy and environmental crises. However, the photochemical activities of individual COFs are not as robust as desired, primarily due to their limited light absorption, insufficient dissociation of photogenerated excitons and readily recombined photogenerated carriers. Recently, COFs‐based metal‐free heterojunctions with synergistic effects provide a feasible route to boost the photocatalytic activity of COFs in more environmentally friendly and cost‐competitive manners. Herein, it is first systematically overview the advances in COFs‐based metal‐free heterojunctions from heterojunction types, heterointerfaces interactions, and primary design mechanisms. Then, typical COFs‐based metal‐free heterojunction photocatalysts (e.g., g‐C3N4‐COFs, carbon materials‐COFs, polymer semiconductor‐COFs, COFs‐COFs heterojunction) are summarized. Finally, the challenges and long‐term outlooks for future advances of COFs‐based metal‐free heterojunction photocatalysts are offered from the terms of photocatalytic efficiency, yield, stability, cost and reaction mechanisms, as well as the standardized evaluation method of activities. It is anticipated that this review can deliver new insights into the fundamental and engineering of COFs‐based metal‐free heterojunctions for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion, and further accelerate the development of this area.
Spin Engineering of Fe─N─C by Axial Ligand Modulation for Enhanced Bifunctional Oxygen Catalysis
Authors: Qiao Jingyuan , Lu Chengjie , Kong Lingqiao , Zhang Jing , Lin Quanying , Huang Haibin , Li Caifang , He Wei , Zhou Min , Sun ZhengMing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIron‐based single‐atom catalysts (Fe─N─C) exhibit excellent oxygen reduction activity but struggle with bifunctional performance due to their poor oxygen evolution activity. Although the Fe spin state is found to be closely associated with enhanced bifunctional activity, controllably regulating the Fe spin state remains a challenge. Here, the controllable regulation of Fe spin state is directly achieved through competitive coordination between chlorine and pyridine nitrogen in the axial direction of Fe─N4. The spin state of Fe is regulated from high spin to intermediate spin by the modulation of axial ligands from weak‐field ligand chlorine to strong‐field ligand pyridinic nitrogen, which leads to the enhanced bifunctional activity of N─FeN4 with a small potential gap (ΔE = 0.68 V). Theoretical calculations indicate that the spin state turning is accompanied by an enhanced binding strength between Fe sites and *OH leading to a significant decrease in the OER barrier. Moreover, N─FeN4 exhibits sufficient durability for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) (over 50 h), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) (over 200 h), and the assembled zinc–air battery (over 1000 h). Here a novel approach is proposed for designing efficient catalysts based on spin state and profound insights into Fe─N─C spin state for bifunctional oxygen catalysis.
Bio‐Inspired Self‐Healing Hydrogel for Fast Hemostasis and Accelerated Wound Healing of Gastric Ulcers
Authors: Wen Na , Li Shuangshuang , Jiang Hongzhi , Yang Jiachao , Yang Weibo , Song Yunhao , Long Jinlin , Zhao Jiwu , Lin Zhihui , Yu Xunbin , Wei Yen , Lu Shiyun , Huang Xueping , Zhou Tianhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGastric ulcers accompanied by acute or chronic bleeding represent a significant risk of fatality. However, the development of effective strategies for achieving rapid hemostasis and wound healing in gastric ulcer bleeding represents a formidable challenge. To address this challenge, thrombin‐derived C‐terminal peptide (TCP‐25) is employed as a targeted agent, and it is incorporated into two novel injectable and biocompatible carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCs) hydrogels via Schiff's base reaction. The TCP‐25 peptide hydrogels display optimal adaptability within the distinctive gastrointestinal microenvironment, demonstrating a balance of acid resistance and degradation, along with controlled release and bioactivity, and good bio‐adhesive properties. Both in vitro and in vivo reveal that the hydrogel achieves rapid hemostasis. In an ethanol‐induced gastric ulcer model in rats, it demonstrates that the hydrogel effectively inhibits gastric ulcer bleeding by 92% within 24‐h, exhibiting efficacy that surpasses that of omeprazole medicine, a commonly used clinical treatment. This enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the CMCs hydrogel and TCP‐25 peptide in effectively achieving hemostasis, inhibiting bacterial growth, and promoting gastric wound healing in acute or chronic bleeding gastric ulcers. Consequently, the present work offers promising clinical applications for rapid hemostasis and wound healing in gastric ulcers.
3D Humanized Bioprinted Tubulointerstitium Model to Emulate Renal Fibrosis In Vitro
Authors: Addario Gabriele , Fernández‐Pérez Julia , Formica Chiara , Karyniotakis Konstantinos , Herkens Lea , Djudjaj Sonja , Boor Peter , Moroni Lorenzo , Mota Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to a gradual loss of kidney function, with fibrosis as pathological endpoint, which is characterized by extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and remodeling. Traditionally, in vivo models are used to study interstitial fibrosis, through histological characterization of biopsy tissue. However, ethical considerations and the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) regulations emphasizes the need for humanized 3D in vitro models. This study introduces a bioprinted in vitro model which combines primary human cells and decellularized and partially digested extracellular matrix (ddECM). A protocol was established to decellularize kidney pig tissue and the ddECM was used to encapsulate human renal cells. To investigate fibrosis progression, cells were treated with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1), and the mechanical properties of the ddECM hydrogel were modulated using vitamin B2 crosslinking. The bioprinting perfusable model replicates the renal tubulointerstitium. Results show an increased Young's modulus over time, together with the increase of ECM components and cell dedifferentiation toward myofibroblasts. Multiple fibrotic genes resulted upregulated, and the model closely resembled fibrotic human tissue in terms of collagen deposition. This 3D bioprinted model offers a more physiologically relevant platform for studying kidney fibrosis, potentially improving disease progression research and high‐throughput drug screening.
Hydrogels for Nucleic Acid Drugs Delivery
Authors: Liu Jiaping , Xi Ziyue , Fan Chuanyong , Mei Yihua , Zhao Jiale , Jiang Yingying , Zhao Ming , Xu Lu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNucleic acid drugs are one of the hot spots in the field of biomedicine in recent years, and play a crucial role in the treatment of many diseases. However, its low stability and difficulty in target drug delivery are the bottlenecks restricting its application. Hydrogels are proven to be promising for improving the stability of nucleic acid drugs, reducing the adverse effects of rapid degradation, sudden release, and unnecessary diffusion of nucleic acid drugs. In this review, the strategies of loading nucleic acid drugs in hydrogels are summarized for various biomedical research, and classify the mechanism principles of these strategies, including electrostatic binding, hydrogen bond based binding, hydrophobic binding, covalent bond based binding and indirect binding using various carriers. In addition, this review also describes the release strategies of nucleic acid drugs, including photostimulation‐based release, enzyme‐responsive release, pH‐responsive release, and temperature‐responsive release. Finally, the applications and future research directions of hydrogels for delivering nucleic acid drugs in the field of medicine are discussed.
Unveiling Direct Electrochemical Oxidation of Methane at the Ceria/Gas Interface
Authors: Choi Yoonseok , Ha Hyunwoo , Kim Jinwook , Seo Han Gil , Choi Hyuk , Jeong Beomgyun , Yoo JeongDo , Crumlin Ethan J. , Henkelman Graeme , Kim Hyun You , Jung WooChul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) stand out in sustainable energy systems for their unique ability to efficiently utilize hydrocarbon fuels, particularly those from carbon‐neutral sources. CeO2−δ (ceria) based oxides embedded in SOFCs are recognized for their critical role in managing hydrocarbon activation and carbon coking. However, even for the simplest hydrocarbon molecule, CH4, the mechanism of electrochemical oxidation at the ceria/gas interface is not well understood and the capability of ceria to electrochemically oxidize methane remains a topic of debate. This lack of clarity stems from the intricate design of standard metal/oxide composite electrodes and the complex nature of electrode reactions involving multiple chemical and electrochemical steps. This study presents a Sm‐doped ceria thin‐film model cell that selectively monitors CH4 direct‐electro‐oxidation on the ceria surface. Using impedance spectroscopy, operando X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory, it is unveiled that ceria surfaces facilitate C─H bond cleavage and that H2O formation is key in determining the overall reaction rate at the electrode. These insights effectively address the longstanding debate regarding the direct utilization of CH4 in SOFCs. Moreover, these findings pave the way for an optimized electrode design strategy, essential for developing high‐performance, environmentally sustainable fuel cells.
In Situ‐Constructed Multifunctional Composite Anode with Ultralong‐Life Toward Advanced Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Cao Liang , Chu Mingjing , Li Yue , Xu Xin , Qiu Yawen , Dai Yue , Sun Chencheng , Huang Zhi‐Xiong , Wu Xing‐Long , Geng Hongbo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetallic lithium is the most competitive anode material for next‐generation high‐energy batteries. Nevertheless, the extensive volume expansion and uncontrolled Li dendrite growth of lithium metal not only cause potential safety hazards but also lead to low Coulombic efficiency and inferior cycling lifespan for Li metal batteries. Herein, a multifunctional dendrite‐free composite anode (Li/SnS2) is proposed through an in situ melt‐infusion strategy. In this configuration, the 3D cross‐linked porous Li2S/Li22Sn5 framework facilitates the rapid penetration of electrolytes and accommodates the volume expansion during the repeated Li−plating process. Meanwhile, the lithiophilic Li2S phases with a low Li+ transport barrier ensure preferential Li deposition, effectively avoiding uneven electron distribution. Moreover, the Li22Sn5 electron conductors with appropriate Li+ bonding ability guarantee rapid charge transport and mass transfer. Most importantly, the steady multifunctional skeleton with sufficient inner interfaces (Li2S/Li22Sn5) in the whole electrode, not only realizes the redistribution of the localized free electron, contributing to the decomposition of Li clusters, but also induces a planar deposition model, thus restraining the generation of Li dendrites. Consequently, an unprecedented cyclability of over 6 500 h under an ultrahigh areal capacity of 10 mAh cm−2 and a current rate of 20 mA cm−2 is achieved for the prepared Li2S/Li22Sn5 composite anode. Moreover, the assembled Li/SnS2||LiFePO4 (LFP) pouch full‐cells also demonstrate remarkable rate capability and a convincing cycling lifespan of more than 2 000 cycles at 2 C.