bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rotational and Rotation‐Bending Spectrum of HC15NO: An Extended Analysis of the Spectral Regions 18‐40 GHz, 90‐440 GHz and 170‐1300 cm−1
Authors: Islami Kastriot , Jabs Wolfgang , Preusser Jürgen , Winnewisser Manfred , Winnewisser Brenda P. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe rotational spectrum of the 15N‐substituted quasilinear molecule fulminic acid, HCNO, has been measured in the frequency range from 90 to 440 GHz covering rotational transitions up to J = 19←18. Rotational transitions arising from HC15NO molecules in 52 vibrational levels were detected and assigned. Additional information was obtained by measuring the direct l‐type transitions for v5 = 1 and 3 and for v4 = 1 in the frequency range from 18 to 40 GHz. With the information from the rotational spectrum the analysis of the far and mid‐infrared spectra (170‐1300cm−1), which was started by Wagner et al. [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 162, 82 (1993)], could be extended so that the vibrational term values of HC15NO were determined for almost every state below 2500cm−1. The assignment of the 114 subbands involved allowed in turn the assignment of 25 subbands in the mid‐infrared from the data of Quapp et al. [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 160, 540 (1993)]. The infrared spectra were recorded with a Bruker IFS 120 HR interferometer at resolutions between 0.0019 and 0.0034 cm−1. For the vibrational states (v1 v2v3v4v5) = (00000), (00001), (00002), (00003), (00004), (00010), (00011) an (00100) the spectroscopic constants of an effective Hamiltonian for linear molecules could be improved by combining the already published infrared data with the millimeter wave, microwave and newly assigned infrared data presented in this work. For the states (00013) and (00101) these constants were also calculated. A calibration problem with the infrared data became obvious and important. The effects of a Fermi‐type resonance between the vibrational levels (00004)oe and (00100)oe and a Coriolis resonance between the states (00002) and (00010) on the rotational and rovibrational spectra were observed and analysed. The difficulties encountered in determining the Coriolis resonance parameters are discussed.
Association of Modic changes with health-related quality of life among patients referred to spine surgery
Authors: Määttä Juhani , Kautiainen Hannu , Leinonen Ville , Niinimäki Jaakko , Järvenpää Salme , Koskelainen Tatu , Mäkelä Pirkka , Pesälä Juha , Nyyssönen Timo , Savolainen Sakari , Airaksinen Olavi , Kyllönen Eero , Cheung Kenneth M.C. , Karppinen Jaro 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background and purpose
Modic changes (MC) are bone marrow and vertebral endplate lesions seen in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which have been found to be associated with low back pain (LBP), but the association between MC and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between MC and HRQoL among patients referred to spine surgery.

Methods
The study population consisted of 181 patients referred to lumbar spine surgery in Northern and Eastern Finland between June 2007 and January 2011. HRQoL was assessed using RAND-36 health survey. Lumbar MC were evaluated and classified into ‘No MC’, ‘Type I’ (Type I or I/II), and ‘Type II’ (Type II, II/III or III).

Results
In total, 84 patients (46%) had MC. Of these, 37% had ‘Type I’ and 63% ‘Type II’. Patients with MC were older, more likely females, had longer duration of LBP and a higher degree of disc degeneration than patients without MC. The total physical component or physical dimensions did not differ significantly between the groups. The total mental component of RAND-36 (P = 0.010), and dimensions of energy (P = 0.023), emotional well-being (P = 0.012) and emotional role functioning (P = 0.016) differed significantly between the groups after adjustments for age and gender. In the mental dimension scores, a statistically significant difference was found between ‘No MC’ and ‘Type II’.

Conclusions
Among patients referred to spine surgery, MC were not associated with physical dimensions of HRQoL including dimension of pain. However, ‘Type II’ MC were associated with lower mental status of HRQoL.

Implications
Our study would suggest that Type II MC were associated with a worse mental status. This may affect the outcome of surgery as it is well recognized that patients with depression, for instance, have smaller improvements in HRQoL and disability. Thus the value of operative treatment for these patients should be recognized and taken into consideration in treatment. Our study shows that MC may affect outcome and thus clinicians and researchers should be cognizant of this and take this into account when comparing outcomes of surgical treatment in the future. A longitudinal study would be needed to properly address the relationship of MC with surgical outcome.
The effects of precipitation regime on soil carbon pools on the Yucatan Peninsula
Authors: Roa-Fuentes Lilia L. , Hidalgo Claudia , Etchevers Jorge D. , Campo Julio 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:The effects of precipitation regime on the size of soil carbon (C) pools were compared in mature tropical dry forests of the Yucatan Peninsula. Our study included three forest stands in each, a dry site (potential evapotranspiration ratio = 3.2 mm mm−1; mean annual precipitation = 537 mm), a wetter site (2.0 mm mm−1; 993 mm) and a site in which water was comparatively less limiting (1.3 mm mm−1; 1086 mm). At each site, soil C pools in dead fallen phytomass (includes leaves, flowers, fruits, small twigs and deadwood debris) deposited on the litter layer and in roots and organic matter of the mineral soil (from the upper 10 cm) were measured in samples collected during the dry season. A high proportion of the total C pool (93–95%) was in the top 10 cm of soil in all forest sites. The smallest C pool was in roots (1.8–2.4% of the total C), meanwhile the C in the litter layer represented 3–5% of the total pool. These patterns were observed irrespective of study site. However, distribution of C (i.e. wood debris vs. fine litter) varied across sites; the proportion of the forest-floor C pool in wood debris decreased from 80% in the driest site, to 51% and 42% in 993-mm and 1086-mm sites, respectively. Overall, we observed that three pools (wood debris, roots and soil organic C) provide evidence for the significant decrease in soil C storage with increase in mean annual precipitation in Yucatan Peninsula. A potential explanation for this unexpected pattern includes an increasing C turnover time with decreasing mean annual precipitation, resulting in higher C accumulation per unit of C input in the driest site.
Testing pathogen host specificity: a reciprocal field experiment in two types of tropical forest on Hainan, China
Authors: Zheng Wen , He He , Xiao Lin , Yu Shixiao 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:The Janzen–Connell hypothesis suggests that highly specific pathogens decrease seedling survival close to the parent plant; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we tested the host specificity of soil pathogens to germinating seeds of Cyclobalanopsis fleuryi and Cryptocarya chinensis in tropical montane rain forest and cloud forest on Hainan, south China. Rhizospheric soils surrounding eight adult trees per species were collected in each forest type and divided into five soil treatments: parent, fungicide-sterilized, autoclave-sterilized, Fusarium-added and Pythium-added soils. Surface-sterilized seeds were sown in each of the five soil treatments and grown in two forest types. The seed germination percentages were significantly higher in sterilized soils (C. fleuryi, 41.5%; C. chinensis, 29.4%) than in non-sterilized soils (C. fleuryi, 28.3%; C. chinensis, 17.1%) in montane rain forest. The seed germination percentages in rhizospheric soil of conspecific parent trees were significantly lower in montane rain forest (C. fleuryi, 17.3%; C. chinensis, 10.5%) than in cloud forest (C. fleuryi, 37.1%; C. chinensis, 21.1%). Our results also suggest that the level of pathogen activity in each tree species varies depending on the environment. Our results support the hypothesis that host-specific pathogens shape tree species composition by differentially affecting seed germination under different environmental conditions.
Groups of p-deficiency one
Authors: THILLAISUNDARAM ANITHA 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn a previous paper, Button and Thillaisundaram proved that all finitely presented groups of p-deficiency greater than one are p-large. Here we prove that groups with a finite presentation of p-deficiency one possess a finite index subgroup that surjects onto the integers. This implies that these groups do not have Kazhdan's property (T). Additionally, we show that the aforementioned result of Button and Thillaisundaram implies a result of Lackenby.
SET SIZE AND THE PART–WHOLE PRINCIPLE
Authors: PARKER MATTHEW W. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractGödel argued that Cantor’s notion of cardinal number was uniquely correct. More recent work has defended alternative “Euclidean”' theories of set size, in which Cantor’s Principle (two sets have the same size if and only if there is a one-to-one correspondence between them) is abandoned in favor of the Part–Whole Principle (if A is a proper subset of B then A is smaller than B). Here we see from simple examples, not that Euclidean theories of set size are wrong, nor merely that they are counterintuitive, but that they must be either very weak or in large part arbitrary and misleading. This limits their epistemic usefulness.
Pricing of Sovereign Credit Risk: Evidence from Advanced Economies during the Financial Crisis
Authors: Alper C. Emre , Forni Lorenzo , Gerard Marc 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe investigate the pricing of sovereign credit risk over the period 2008–10 for selected advanced economies by examining two widely‐used indicators: sovereign credit default swap (CDS) and relative asset swap (RAS) spreads. Cointegration analysis suggests the existence of an imperfect market arbitrage relationship between the cash (RAS) and the derivatives (CDS) markets, with price discovery taking place in the latter. Likewise, panel regressions aimed at uncovering the fundamental drivers of the two indicators show that the CDS market, although less liquid, has provided a better signal for sovereign credit risk during the period of the recent financial crisis.
Accountability at the Local Level in Fragile Contexts: Bangladesh Case Study
Authors: Buchmann Daniela Christina 
Published: September 2013

SummaryThis paper, part of an IDS and Helvetas Swiss Intercooperation research project, is about the promotion of accountability at the local level in Bangladesh. By exploring in this context the legal grounds for accountability, the role of social hierarchies based on gender, education, family and wealth, and the impact of political alliances on accountability, the paper focuses on the social and political factors which may enable or prevent emerging accountability practices. The accountability practices studied in this context are local networks formed and supported by SDC's local governance programme Sharique. These networks strive to emerge as catalysts of social and economic development as well as good governance in Bangladesh. Composed of local governance actors, local networks bring information, spaces for participation and opportunities for oversight closer to citizens in rural Bangladesh, making it easier for them to benefit from accountability options provided by their government. This paper elaborates the strategy Sharique applies to help networks take on this role in a socially and politically divided context. It maintains that this strategy contributes to a transfer of power from a powerful individual to a group, setting off a process of collectivisation and affecting each member's role in engaging in local development and promoting accountability. However, the paper also draws attention to disparities that persist between members of the networks studied, with respect to different elements of accountability. It argues that the active promotion of all elements of accountability is necessary for Sharique to reach out to all populations through this initiative. It concludes that the success of accountability practices both on a conceptual and applied level is subject to clear differentiation between elements of accountability, which avoids relying on assumed casual connections between them.
Turning for Ulcer ReductioN: A Multisite Randomized Clinical Trial in Nursing Homes
Authors: Bergstrom Nancy , Horn Susan D. , Rapp Mary Pat , Stern Anita , Barrett Ryan , Watkiss Michael 
Published: September 2013

ObjectivesTo determine optimal repositioning frequency of nursing home (NH) residents at risk for pressure ulcers (PrUs) when cared for on high‐density foam mattresses.DesignMultisite, randomized, clinical trial, known as Turning for Ulcer ReductioN (TURN Study).SettingsNHs in the United States (n = 20) and Canada (n = 7) using high‐density foam mattresses.ParticipantsConsenting residents (N = 942) aged 65 and older without PrUs at moderate (scores 13–14) or high (scores 10–12) risk of PrUs according to the Braden Scale.InterventionParticipants were randomly allocated using risk stratification (moderate vs high) to a repositioning schedule (2, 3, or 4 hour) for 3 weeks. Blinded assessors assessed skin weekly.MeasurementsPrU incidence (coccyx or sacrum, trochanter, heels).ResultsParticipants were mostly female (77.6%) and Caucasian (80.5%) and had a mean age of 85.1 ± 7.7. The most common diagnoses were cardiovascular (76.9%) and dementia (72.5%). Nineteen (2.0%) participants developed superficial PrUs. There was no significant difference (Wilcoxon test for ordered categories) in PrU incidence (P = .68) according to repositioning group (2 hour, 8/321, 2.5%; 3 hour, 2/326, 0.6%; 4 hour, 9/295, 3.1%), nor was there a statistically significant difference in the incidence of PrU between the high and moderate‐risk groups (P = .79). Also, PrU incidence was not statistically significantly different between high‐risk participants based on repositioning schedule (6/325, 1.8%, P = .90) or between moderate‐risk participants based on repositioning schedule (13/617, 2.1%, P = .68).ConclusionThere was no difference in PrU incidence over 3 weeks of observation between those turned at 2‐, 3‐, or 4‐hour intervals in this population of residents using high‐density foam mattresses at moderate and high risk of developing PrUs when they were repositioned consistently and skin was monitored. This finding has major implications for use of nursing staff and cost of NH care.
Effect of Flow Pattern at Pipe Bends on Corrosion Behaviour of Low Carbon Steek and its Challenges
Authors: Md Sheriff Jamaluddin , Muhammadu Muhamadu Masin , Hamzah Esah 
Published: September 2013

Recent design work regarding seawater flow lines has emphasized the need to identify, develop, and verify critical relationships between corrosion prediction and flow regime mechanisms at pipe bend. In practice this often reduces to an pragmatic interpretation of the effects of corrosion mechanisms at pipe bends. Most importantly the identification of positions or sites, within the internal surface contact areas where the maximum corrosion stimulus may be expected to occur, thereby allowing better understanding, mitigation, monitoring and corrosion control over the life cycle. Some case histories have been reviewed in this context, and the interaction between corrosion mechanisms and flow patterns closely determined, and in some cases correlated. Since the actual relationships are complex, it was determined that a risk based decision making process using selected â€˜whatâ€™ if corrosion analyses linked to â€˜what ifâ€™ flow assurance analyses was the best way forward. Using this in methodology, and pertinent field data exchange, it is postulated that significant improvements in corrosion prediction can be made. This paper outlines the approach used and shows how related corrosion modelling software data such as that available from corrosion models NorsokÂ M5006, and Cassandra to parallelÂ computational flow modelling in a targeted manner can generate very noteworthy results, and considerably more viable trends for corrosion control guidance. It is postulated that the normally associated lack of agreement between corrosion modelling and field experience, is more likely due to inadequate consideration of corrosion stimulating flow regime data, rather than limitations of the corrosion modelling. Applications of flow visualization studies as well as computations with the k- Â model of turbulence have identified flow features and regions where metal loss is a maximum.Â
An Investigation of Safety Training and Safety Outcome in a Manufacturing Plant
Authors: Bahari Siti Fatimah 
Published: September 2013

Safety training is considered as one of safety intervention that is believed to be an antecedent of safety outcome within organization. The rapid advancement in safety management field has also raised many questions mainly to the roles of safety training in organizations safety. Nevertheless, to date far too little discussions have been made to empirically study the impact of safety training and its influence to safety outcome in the workplace. Therefore, the purpose of this longitudinal study is two-fold, first it attempts to examine the level of safety training impacts over time, and secondly it seeks to examine the relationship between safety training and safety outcome (workplace accidents) over time. Quantitative approach using longitudinal design is employed for the purpose of data collection. The results were based on two data collection carried out in one of Malaysian manufacturing plant in 2008 and 2009. The response rate was 83% (N=330) in 2008 and 98% (N=402) in 2009. Overall, the current study has gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of safety training impacts particularly with regard to the improvement of safety outcome. However, this study has thrown up a number of questions in need to further investigation. The need for further research to evaluate the effectiveness of a specific training intervention in reducing particular types of injury and its relation to safety culture over time in various industries is prevailing to be crucial.
Technology and Production Process of Malay Traditional Heritage Pottery in Malaysia
Authors: Haron Hamdzun , Abd Mutalib Narimah 
Published: September 2013

Malaysia is one of the countries known with works of art especially the invaluable handicraft. The earliest creation of works of art crafted by human in this country existed since prehistoric age. Discovery of artifacts such as potsherds, weapons, ornaments and cooking utensils was a proof that human at that time had begun producing pots from clay, involved in handworks, carving and boat making. This discovery was an indication that the earlier human inhabitants were closely related to environment, and they can create utilitarian items using their creative thinking, technology and material from nature. One of Malay heritage crafts produced using technology is pottery. There are 3 types of pottery namely Mambong, Labu Tanah (clay pitcher) and Terenang. The first pottery showing form which stresses the predisposition of clay material and hand forming technique in producing pottery for cooking and mostly produced in Mambong, Kelantan. The second pottery was inspired by a gourd or pumpkin and developed to various forms of clay pitchers produced in Sayong and Pulau Tiga, Perak. The third pottery on the other hand was similar to metal form such as Terenang from Tembeling, Pahang. To ensure the survival of art heritage, various technologies were used in the production. The question is, what technology being used to achieve the objective? To get the answer, the researcher used qualitative descriptive research method which involved written data collection or visual data collection such as interview and observation. The result of the research showed that technology is indeed the root to the survival of those potteries. This can be seen through 4 major manufacturing aspect; Firstly the preparation of clay using human strength and plunger machine. Secondly, pottery forming using hands and moulds. The third aspect is the decoration techniques using various tools. Last but not least is the firing technology using kiln and firing in open trenches. It is hoped that this research will explain that Malay pottery heritage of Malaysia had gone through invaluable process of technology. It is indirectly saying that no matter what technology being used, it is none other than for the everlasting identity of Malay heritage.
Full Genome Sequence of a Western Reference Strain of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 16 from Nigeria
Authors: Mertens Peter P. C. , Maan Narender S. , Belaganahalli Manjunatha N. , Singh Karam Pal , Nomikou Kyriaki , Maan Sushila 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
The genome of NIG1982/10, a Nigerian bluetongue virus serotype 16 (BTV-16) strain, was sequenced (19,193 bp). Comparisons to BTV strains from other areas of the world show that all 10 genome segments of NIG1982/10 are derived from a western lineage (w), indicating that it represents a suitable reference strain of BTV-16w.
Genome Sequence of Saccharopolyspora erythraea D, a Hyperproducer of Erythromycin
Authors: Liu Wei-Bing , Yu Wen-Bang , Gao Shu-Hong , Ye Bang-Ce 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Saccharopolyspora erythraea
is a Gram-positive bacterium that can produce antibiotics. However, this microorganism must often be genetically improved for higher production before it can be used in an industrial setting. Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of the industrial hyperproducer strong mutator
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
strain D.
Quality of newborn care: adherence to guidelines for parenteral nutrition in preterm infants in four European countries
Authors: Lapillonne Alexandre , Carnielli Virgilio Paolo , Embleton Nicholas David , Mihatsch Walter 
Published: September 2013

ObjectiveThe level of adherence to guidelines should be explored particularly in preterm infants for whom poor nutrition has major effects on outcomes in later life. The objective was to evaluate compliance to international guidelines for parenteral nutrition (PN) in preterm infants across neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of four European countries.DesignClinical practice survey by means of a questionnaire addressing routine PN protocols, awareness and implementation of guidelines.SettingNICUs in the UK, Italy, Germany and France.ParticipantsOne senior physician per unit; 199 units which represent 74% of the NICUs of the four countries.Primary outcome measureAdherence of unit protocol to international guidelines.Secondary outcome measureFactors that influence adherence to guidelines.Results80% of the respondents stated that they were aware of some PN clinical practice guidelines. For amino acid infusion (AA), 63% of the respondents aimed to initiate AA on D0, 38% aimed to administer an initial dose ≥1.5 g/kg/day and 91% aimed for a target dose of 3 or 4 g/kg/day, as recommended. For parenteral lipids, 90% of the respondents aimed to initiate parenteral lipids during the first 3 days of life, 39% aimed to use an initial dose ≥1.0 g/kg/day and 76% defined the target dose as 3–4 g/kg/day, as recommended. Significant variations in PN protocols were observed among countries, but the type of hospital or the number of admissions per year had only a marginal impact on the PN protocols.ConclusionsMost respondents indicated that their clinical practice was based on common guidelines. However, the initiation of PN is frequently not compliant with current recommendations, with the main differences being observed during the first days of life. Continuous education focusing on PN practice is needed, and greater efforts are required to disseminate and implement international guidelines.