bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-influenza virus effects of both live and non-liveLactobacillus acidophilusL-92 accompanied by the activation of innate immunity
Authors: Goto Hiroaki , Sagitani Atsuhiro , Ashida Nobuhisa , Kato Shinji , Hirota Tatsuhiko , Shinoda Tadashi , Yamamoto Naoyuki 
Published: April 2013

The antiviral effects of both a live and non-liveLactobacillus acidophilusstrain L-92 (L-92) were investigated by oral administration (10 mg/mouse per d) daily for 21 d in a mouse model infected intranasally with influenza virus (H1N1). Virus titres in the lung of mice administered either live or non-live L-92 cells daily for 15 d were repressed 6 d after virus infection compared with the control group. Natural killer (NK) activity in the orally administered non-live L-92 group was higher compared with that of the control group before virus infection and on day 6. In contrast, NK activity in the live L-92 group compared with the control group was not significantly changed on both days, but was significantly higher on day 1. In contrast, live L-92 showed a greater repression of virus proliferation compared with non-live L-92, 6 d after the infection. Live L-92 decreased the number of neutrophils in the lung and suppressed lung weight, leading to the consequent deterioration of consolidation scores of the lung. These results indicated that pretreatment of live or non-live L-92 cells had protective effects against influenza virus infection. Among the measured cytokines and chemokines, eotaxin, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-1β, RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) and interferon-α were significantly increased in the lung: IL-17 was significantly increased in Peyer's patch of the live L-92 group compared with the control group. A mechanistic study suggested that the enhancement of NK activity in the lung caused by stimulating various antiviral cytokines and chemokines after the oral administration of L-92 cells might be important in protecting against virus infection.
A 250 μg/week dose of vitamin D was as effective as a 50 μg/d dose in healthy adults, but a regimen of four weekly followed by monthly doses of 1250 μg raised the risk of hypercalciuria
Authors: Zwart Sara R. , Parsons Howard , Kimlin Michael , Innis Sheila M. , Locke James P. , Smith Scott M. 
Published: April 2013

The risk of vitamin D insufficiency is increased in persons having limited sunlight exposure and dietary vitamin D. Supplementation compliance might be improved with larger doses taken less often, but this may increase the potential for side effects. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a weekly or weekly/monthly regimen of vitamin D supplementation is as effective as daily supplementation without increasing the risk of side effects. Participants were forty-eight healthy adults who were randomly assigned for 3 months to placebo or one of three supplementation regimens: 50 μg/d (2000 IU/d, analysed dose 70 μg/d), 250 μg/week (10 000 IU/week, analysed dose 331 μg/week) or 1250 μg/week (50 000 IU/week, analysed dose 1544 μg/week) for 4 weeks and then 1250 μg/month for 2 months. Daily and weekly doses were equally effective at increasing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, which was significantly greater than baseline in all the supplemented groups after 30 d of treatment. Subjects in the 1250 μg treatment group, who had a BMI >26 kg/m2, had a steady increase in urinary Ca in the first 3 weeks of supplementation, and, overall, the relative risk of hypercalciuria was higher in the 1250 μg group than in the placebo group (P= 0·01). Although vitamin D supplementation remains a controversial issue, these data document that supplementing with ≤ 250 μg/week ( ≤ 10 000 IU/week) can improve or maintain vitamin D status in healthy populations without the risk of hypercalciuria, but 24 h urinary Ca excretion should be evaluated in healthy persons receiving vitamin D3 supplementation in weekly single doses of 1250 μg (50 000 IU).
Sigmoid sinus dehiscence resurfacing as treatment for pulsatile tinnitus
Authors: Santa Maria P L 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAim:To report a case of sigmoid sinus dehiscence presenting with pulsatile tinnitus and treated successfully with resurfacing.Case report:This patient presented with pulsatile tinnitus due to sigmoid sinus dehiscence. This was successfully treated using only soft tissue resurfacing.Conclusion:Sigmoid sinus dehiscence is a rare but treatable cause of pulsatile tinnitus. It can occur in the absence of a diverticulum, and is not necessarily limited to the transverse sigmoid junction. When resurfacing, care must be taken not to significantly alter the extraluminal diameter of the sigmoid in a dominant sinus, as this raises the risk of post-operative hydrocephalus.
‘The last duty of an officer’: Lieutenant de vaisseau Joseph-René Bellot, 1826–1853, in the Franklin Search
Authors: Barr William , Forestier-Blazart Nadine , Forestier-Blazart Jean-Claude 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTLieutenant de vaisseau Joseph René Bellot, (1826–1853) participated, as second-in command, in Lady Franklin's private expedition in search of her missing husband on boardPrince Albert, under the command of Captain William Kennedy in 1851–1852. Having wintered at Batty Bay on the east coast of Somerset Island, Kennedy and Bellot sledged south in the spring of 1852, to Bellot Strait, which they discovered. Having passed through the strait, they crossed Peel Sound, and continued west across Prince of Wales Island to Ommanney Bay, then back across Prince of Wales Island, north to Cape Walker, and back to Batty Bay via the north coast of Somerset Island and Prince Leopold Harbour. They discovered no trace of the missing Franklin expedition. In 1853 Bellot again volunteered to go to the Arctic, this time as supernumerary on board the supply shipPhoenix, Captain Edward Inglefield. From Beechey Island, Bellot volunteered to carry dispatches north up Wellington Channel to Captain Sir Edward Belcher who was in that vicinity. Having been driven out of sea on an ice-floe, Bellot disappeared during a gale, and it is assumed that he was blown off the ice into the water and was drowned. Memorials to Bellot may be found on Beechey Island, at Greenwich, England and at Rochefort, France, but probably the most enduring memorial to him is the name ‘Bellot Strait’, applied by Kennedy to the narrow strait between Somerset Island and Boothia Peninsula which represents an integral component of one variant of the northwest passage.
Multi length scale characterization of austenite in TRIP steels using high-energy X-ray diffraction
Authors: Blondé R. , Jimenez-Melero E. , Zhao L. , Wright J.P. , Brück E. , van der Zwaag S. , van Dijk N.H. 
Published: April 2013

The martensitic transformation behavior of the meta-stable austenite phase in low alloyed TRIP steels has been studied in situ using high-energy X-ray diffraction during deformation. The stability of austenite has been studied at different length scales during tensile tests and at variable temperatures down to 153 K. A powder diffraction analysis has been performed to correlate the macroscopic behavior of the material to the observed changes in the volume fraction of the phases. Our results show that at lower temperatures the deformation induced austenite transformation is significantly enhanced and extends over a wider deformation range, resulting in a higher elongation at fracture. To monitor the austenite behavior at the level of an individual grain a high-resolution far-field detector was used. Sub-grains have been observed in austenite prior to transformation.
Scaffolds for design communication: Research through design of shared understanding in design meetings
Authors: van Dijk Jelle , van der Lugt Remko 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn this paper we explore the influence of the physical and social environment (the design space) son the formation of shared understanding in multidisciplinary design teams. We concentrate on the creative design meeting as a microenvironment for studying processes of design communication. Our applied research context entails the design of mixed physical–digital interactive systems supporting design meetings. Informed by theories of embodiment that have recently gained interest in cognitive science, we focus on the role of interactive “traces,” representational artifacts both created and used by participants as scaffolds for creating shared understanding. Our research through design approach resulted in two prototypes that form two concrete proposals of how the environment may scaffold shared understanding in design meetings. In several user studies we observed users working with our systems in natural contexts. Our analysis reveals how an ensemble of ongoing social as well as physical interactions, scaffolded by the interactive environment, grounds the formation of shared understanding in teams. We discuss implications for designing collaborative tools and for design communication theory in general.
Inverse spectral problems for compact Hankel operators
Authors: Gérard Patrick , Grellier Sandrine 
Published: April 2013

AbstractGiven two arbitrary sequences $({\lambda }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $ and $({\mu }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $ of real numbers satisfying $$\begin{eqnarray*}\displaystyle \vert {\lambda }_{1} \vert \gt \vert {\mu }_{1} \vert \gt \vert {\lambda }_{2} \vert \gt \vert {\mu }_{2} \vert \gt \cdots \gt \vert {\lambda }_{j} \vert \gt \vert {\mu }_{j} \vert \rightarrow 0, &&\displaystyle\end{eqnarray*}$$ we prove that there exists a unique sequence $c= ({c}_{n} )_{n\in { \mathbb{Z} }_{+ } } $, real valued, such that the Hankel operators ${\Gamma }_{c} $ and ${\Gamma }_{\tilde {c} } $ of symbols $c= ({c}_{n} )_{n\geq 0} $ and $\tilde {c} = ({c}_{n+ 1} )_{n\geq 0} $, respectively, are selfadjoint compact operators on ${\ell }^{2} ({ \mathbb{Z} }_{+ } )$ and have the sequences $({\lambda }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $ and $({\mu }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $, respectively, as non-zero eigenvalues. Moreover, we give an
explicit formula for $c$ and we describe the kernel of ${\Gamma }_{c} $ and of ${\Gamma }_{\tilde {c} } $ in terms of the sequences $({\lambda }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $ and $({\mu }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $. More generally, given two arbitrary sequences $({\rho }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $ and $({\sigma }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $ of positive numbers satisfying $$\begin{eqnarray*}\displaystyle {\rho }_{1} \gt {\sigma }_{1} \gt {\rho }_{2} \gt {\sigma }_{2} \gt \cdots \gt {\rho }_{j} \gt {\sigma }_{j} \rightarrow 0, &&\displaystyle\end{eqnarray*}$$ we describe the set of sequences $c= ({c}_{n} )_{n\in { \mathbb{Z} }_{+ } } $ of complex numbers such that the Hankel operators ${\Gamma }_{c} $ and ${\Gamma }_{\tilde {c} } $ are compact on ${\ell }^{2} ({ \mathbb{Z} }_{+ } )$ and have sequences $({\rho }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $ and $({\sigma }_{j} )_{j\geq 1} $, respectively, as non-zero singular values.
Size-Dependent and Temporal Variability in Batch Number and Fecundity of Red Porgy, a Protogynous, Indeterminate Spawner, in the U.S. South Atlantic
Authors: Klibansky Nikolai , Scharf Frederick S. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Contemporary studies have shown that spawning stock biomass can be a poor estimator of total egg production, with the inclusion of fecundity tending to improve stock–recruit relationships. Since many U.S. fisheries now use spawning potential ratio (SPR) to define overfishing, an understanding of fecundity variation is especially valuable. We studied a commercially important, protogynous sparid, the Red Porgy Pagrus pagrus, off the southeast U.S. coast from 2007 to 2010 to estimate annual fecundity ( fa) as a function of batch fecundity ( fb) and batch number (nb) and to investigate size-based and temporal variation. In total, 1,355 Red Porgy (241–478 mm TL) were collected; subsets of individuals were selected for estimating maturity, nb, and fb. Throughout the spawning season, the proportion of females that were capable of spawning increased to 100% on several dates and was generally higher among smaller females than current maturity information would predict. The proportion of females that were actually spawning was also as high as 100% on several dates, suggesting periods of daily spawning. Batch fecundity was positively related to TL, and the relationship varied significantly between years and among months within years. Spawning fraction (and thus nb) was also size dependent, with relationships varying between years and dependent upon the reproductive indicator used in calculation (i.e., spawning capability, postovulatory follicle presence, or hydrated oocyte presence). Annual fecundity estimates incorporating size-dependent nb differed from estimates assuming size-independent nb and varied between years. Through its effect on fa, the size dependence of nb ultimately affected perceptions of how fishing mortality rate influenced the SPR. Our findings show the importance of accounting for size-dependent variation in nb when calculating fa in indeterminate-spawning species and illustrate the potential implications for stock–recruit relationships and stock exploitation status.
Received July 19, 2012; accepted January 21, 2013
EPSILON: an eQTL prioritization framework using similarity measures derived from local networks
Authors: Verbeke Lieven P. C. , Cloots Lore , Demeester Piet , Fostier Jan , Marchal Kathleen 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Motivation: When genomic data are associated with gene expression data, the resulting expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) will likely span multiple genes. eQTL prioritization techniques can be used to select the most likely causal gene affecting the expression of a target gene from a list of candidates. As an input, these techniques use physical interaction networks that often contain highly connected genes and unreliable or irrelevant interactions that can interfere with the prioritization process. We present EPSILON, an extendable framework for eQTL prioritization, which mitigates the effect of highly connected genes and unreliable interactions by constructing a local network before a network-based similarity measure is applied to select the true causal gene.
Results: We tested the new method on three eQTL datasets derived from yeast data using three different association techniques. A physical interaction network was constructed, and each eQTL in each dataset was prioritized using the EPSILON approach: first, a local network was constructed using a k-trials shortest path algorithm, followed by the calculation of a network-based similarity measure. Three similarity measures were evaluated: random walks, the Laplacian Exponential Diffusion kernel and the Regularized Commute-Time kernel. The aim was to predict knockout interactions from a yeast knockout compendium. EPSILON outperformed two reference prioritization methods, random assignment and shortest path prioritization. Next, we found that using a local network significantly increased prioritization performance in terms of predicted knockout pairs when compared with using exactly the same network similarity measures on the global network, with an average increase in prioritization performance of 8 percentage points (P &lt; 10−5).
Availability: The physical interaction network and the source code (Matlab/C++) of our implementation can be downloaded from http://bioinformatics.intec.ugent.be/epsilon.
Contact: lieven.verbeke@intec.ugent.be, kamar@psb.ugent.be, jan.fostier@intec.ugent.be
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
NetworkPrioritizer: a versatile tool for network-based prioritization of candidate disease genes or other molecules
Authors: Kacprowski Tim , Doncheva Nadezhda T. , Albrecht Mario 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Summary: The prioritization of candidate disease genes is often based on integrated datasets and their network representation with genes as nodes connected by edges for biological relationships. However, the majority of prioritization methods does not allow for a straightforward integration of the user’s own input data. Therefore, we developed the Cytoscape plugin NetworkPrioritizer that particularly supports the integrative network-based prioritization of candidate disease genes or other molecules. Our versatile software tool computes a number of important centrality measures to rank nodes based on their relevance for network connectivity and provides different methods to aggregate and compare rankings.
Availability: NetworkPrioritizer and the online documentation are freely available at http://www.networkprioritizer.de.
Contact: mario.albrecht@mpi-inf.mpg.de
Duration Dependence and Labor Market Conditions: Evidence from a Field Experiment*
Authors: Kroft Kory , Lange Fabian , Notowidigdo Matthew J. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
This article studies the role of employer behavior in generating “negative duration dependence”—the adverse effect of a longer unemployment spell—by sending fictitious résumés to real job postings in 100 U.S. cities. Our results indicate that the likelihood of receiving a callback for an interview significantly decreases with the length of a worker’s unemployment spell, with the majority of this decline occurring during the first eight months. We explore how this effect varies with local labor market conditions and find that duration dependence is stronger when the local labor market is tighter. This result is consistent with the prediction of a broad class of screening models in which employers use the unemployment spell length as a signal of unobserved productivity and recognize that this signal is less informative in weak labor markets.
ANTI-SILENCING FUNCTION1 Proteins Are Involved in Ultraviolet-Induced DNA Damage Repair and Are Cell Cycle Regulated by E2F Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis
Authors: Lario Luciana D. , Ramirez-Parra Elena , Gutierrez Crisanto , Spampinato Claudia P. , Casati Paula 
Published: April 2013

AbstractANTI-SILENCING FUNCTION1 (ASF1) is a key histone H3/H4 chaperone that participates in a variety of DNA- and chromatin-related processes, including DNA repair, where chromatin assembly and disassembly are of primary relevance. Information concerning the role of ASF1 proteins in the post-ultraviolet (UV) response in higher plants is currently limited. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), an initial analysis of in vivo localization of ASF1A and ASF1B indicates that both proteins are mainly expressed in proliferative tissues. In silico promoter analysis identified ASF1A and ASF1B as potential targets of Elongation Factor2 (E2F) transcription factors. These observations were experimentally validated, both in vitro, by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and in vivo, by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and expression analysis using transgenic plants with altered levels of different E2F transcription factors. These data suggest that ASF1A and ASF1B are regulated during cell cycle progression through E2F transcription factors. In addition, we found that ASF1A and ASF1B are associated with the UV-B-induced DNA damage response in Arabidopsis. Transcript levels of ASF1A and ASF1B were increased following UV-B treatment. Consistent with a potential role in UV-B response, RNA interference-silenced plants of both genes showed increased sensitivity to UV-B compared with wild-type plants. Finally, by coimmunoprecipitation analysis, we found that ASF1 physically interacts with amino-terminal acetylated histones H3 and H4 and with acetyltransferases of the Histone Acetyl Transferase subfamily, which are known to be involved in cell cycle control and DNA repair, among other functions. Together, we provide evidence that ASF1A and ASF1B are regulated by cell cycle progression and are involved in DNA repair after UV-B irradiation.
Illuminating the black box of entrepreneurship education programs
Authors: Maritz Alex , Brown Christopher R. 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore the components of entrepreneurship education programs (EEPs) and their interrelationships to develop a conceptual framework through which entrepreneurship education may be contextually evaluated and developed.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents an extensive literature review of the entrepreneurship education literature which is used to inform a comprehensive framework for entrepreneurial education; based upon contextualisation, outcomes, objectives, audience, assessment, content and pedagogy.FindingsThe paper develops a comprehensive and parsimonious framework for understanding and evaluating entrepreneurship education programs based on and adapted from the extended conceptualisations and contextualisation of previous research on entrepreneurship education programs.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper presents preliminary conceptualisation and as such requires subsequent testing in various entrepreneurship contexts.Practical implicationsThe framework elaborated upon can provide a comprehensive view of entrepreneurship education programs by examining and describing the relationships between the components. In so doing, the paper illuminates for educators and researchers a comprehensive view of an entrepreneurship education program which can be used by contextualising the components of outcomes, objectives, assessment and pedagogy.Originality/valueThe value of this work lies in its responsiveness to the calls in the academic literature for more appropriate evaluations of entrepreneurship programs and greater contextualisation of the programs to facilitate research into the effectiveness of such programs. The paper proposes that EEPs have to be developed, not only with objectives in mind, but in the context within which they operate.
Valuing flexibility in career training decisions
Authors: Yahanpath Noel , Neal Mark , McCormack Shane 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the nature and significance of flexibility in decisions about education and training options. This is done through an examination of the relevance of real options valuation (ROV) to our understanding of educational and training choices. Through this examination, the paper aims to contribute to the debate about how we can better advise and support people making such decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe research involved three overlapping stages: a critical examination of the theoretical work on flexibility in decisions; a review of the literature on the role and significance of flexibility in education and training decisions; and an application of the lessons of ROV to the analysis of decisions about education, training and careers.FindingsThe analysis of the theoretical work on flexibility alongside the review of the literature on education and training decision‐making, demonstrated that there was little current application of theory to the analysis of such choices. Reviewing the literature, it was discovered that ROV held significant lessons for the analysis of education and training decisions, and important practical implications for the support and guidance of people making these choices.Originality/valueThis is the first study to apply the principles of ROV to educational and training choices.
Adopting sustainability in the organization
Authors: Frandsen Sanne , Morsing Mette , Vallentin Steen 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between sustainability adoption and internal legitimacy construction.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is designed as a critical inquiry into existing research and practice on sustainability adoption, illustrated by two corporate vignettes.FindingsPrior studies tend to assume that awareness raising is a sufficient means to create employee commitment and support for corporate sustainability programs, while empirical observations indicate that managerial disregard of conflicting interpretations of sustainability may result in the illegitimacy of such programs.Originality/valueThe authors suggest that a loosely coupled approach to sustainability adoption is a productive way to understand internal legitimacy construction, as it appreciates complexity and polyphony.