bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic analysis of a thermosetting pultrusion process
Authors: Baran Ismet , Tutum Cem C. , Hattel Jesper H. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn the present study, the effects of uncertainties in the material properties of the processing composite material and the resin kinetic parameters, as well as process parameters such as pulling speed and inlet temperature, on product quality (exit degree of cure) are investigated for a pultrusion process. A new application for the probabilistic analysis of the pultrusion process is introduced using the response surface method (RSM). The results obtained from the RSM are validated by employing the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) with Latin hypercube sampling technique. According to the results obtained from both methods, the variations in the activation energy as well as the density of the resin are found to have a relatively stronger influence on the centerline degree of cure at the exit. Moreover, different execution strategies are examined for the MCS to investigate their effects on the accuracy of the random output parameter.
Benefits of the Complementary use of Archaeometry Investigations and Historical Research in the Study of Ancient Airplanes: the Breguet Sahara’s Rivets
Authors: Cochard Audrey , Douin Joël , Warot-Fonrose Bénédicte , Huez Julitte , Robbiola Luc , Olivier Jean-Marc , Sciau Philippe 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to show that historical technical archives and complementary physico-chemical studies can be combined to obtain relevant information on the materials and processes used in the manufacturing of a Breguet 765 Sahara airplane. This will be useful both in history of sciences and technology and in the renovation of this more than fifty years old airplane.The Breguet 765 Sahara plane is the last version of a family of French double-deck transport aircraft produced by Breguet between 1948 and 1960. The gathering of multi-disciplinary information from the literature of the period of production with laboratory investigations has revealed that a “new” aluminum-copper-magnesium alloy was used in the rivets of the Breguet 765. The A-U3G alloy was developed to meet properties requirements of the aeronautical industry for joining sheets of aluminum and was used in the Breguet 765 Sahara to strengthen the joints. Analytical techniques included TEM, EPMA microprobe and metallography.
Effects of Humidity on Gessoes for Easel Paintings
Authors: Doutre Michael , Murray Alison , Fuster-López Laura 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTGessoes are widely used in easel painting as grounds or preparatory layers; in art conservation, gessoes are employed as infill materials to level a loss in the paint surface in preparation for inpainting. The goal of this investigation was to establish the relationship between the mechanical behavior of various gessoes when exposed to different relative humidities (25%, 50%, and 100%) and to compare modern commercial gesso products with a traditional gesso. The materials included two commercial artists’ acrylic gessoes (composed of largely titanium dioxide and aqueous dispersions of acrylic polymers), two commercial spackling compounds frequently used in the conservation of easel paintings, and a traditional gesso (calcium carbonate and rabbit skin glue). Uniaxial tensile testing was used to characterize the elastic modulus, strain at failure, and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the materials. By understanding the physical limits of these materials under different conditions, damage to artworks and the failure of conservation treatments containing these types of materials may be prevented or reduced.
Hydrogen Absorption over Li – Carbon Complexes
Authors: Luo J.Z. , Chen P. , Xiong Z.T. , Tan K.L. , Lin J.Y. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA remarkable reduction in reaction temperature was found for the hydrogenation of Li metal in Li-C mixture. H2 uptake started at 50°C, became vigorous at 150°C and slowed down at temperatures above 200°C. In-situ XRD characterizations revealed that Li-C intercalation compounds such as LiC6 and LiC12 existed in the Li-C samples, and LiH formed after the hydrogenation taking place. Increasing the carbon content in the Li-C mixture, from Li/C = 10:1 to 5:1 and then to 2:1, would enhance the reactivity of hydrogenation accordingly. Carbon nanotubes, with smaller size and larger specific area, showed even greater enhancement of the hydrogenation of lithium metal than graphite. The mechanism for the low temperature hydrogenation of Li-C samples was studied and discussed.
Thermochemistry of New, Technologically Important Inorganic Materials
Authors: Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: August 2014

The past decade has seen exciting advances in the discovery, improved synthesis and processing, and molecular level engineering of new inorganic materials having specialized electronic, ceramic, and structural applications. Many such materials share two common characteristics: They are complex in structure and composition (think for example of oxide superconductors), and they must be prepared by a series of steps under carefully controlled conditions (consider the intricacies of zeolite synthesis for example). The use of low-temperature aqueous synthesis conditions, with appropriate attention to pH, inorganic and organic structure-directing agents, and subsequent drying and calcination protocols has led to a wealth of new and often metastable crystalline polymorphs, to amorphous materials, and to fine powders with particles of nanoscale dimensions. Methods such as sol-gel synthesis, chimie douce (soft chemistry), hydrothermal synthesis, chemical vapor deposition, and various beam-deposition and epitaxy techniques produce a wealth of materials not constrained to be in chemical equilibrium with their surroundings and not representing the state of lowest free energy. Modern materials chemists almost have their pet Maxwell Demon to select atoms at will and cause them to assemble in a structure of controllable dimensions. The wealth of possible new structures formed begins to mimic the riches of organic chemistry. In this field, the fact that all complex organic and biochemical molecules are metastable under ambient conditions with respect to a mixture of carbon dioxide, water, and other simple gases is irrelevant except in a conflagration.Liberation of ceramic science from the tyranny of high-temperature equilibrium is thus leading to new materials synthesized more quickly, at lower cost, and under environmentally more friendly conditions. There is of course a price to pay. First the synthetic procedures are more complex than traditional “mix, grind, fire, and repeat” ceramic processing. Second and more importantly, very little is known about the long-term stability of the materials formed, about their degradation during use, and about materials compatibility. Two examples of such problems are the potential corrosion of high Tc YBCO superconductors by ambient H2O and CO2, and the collapse to inactive phases of complex zeolitic and mesoporous catalysts under operating conditions. Chemical reactions in metastable materials are governed by an intertwined combination of thermodynamic driving forces and kinetic rates. For this rich landscape of new materials, neither the depths of the valleys nor the heights of the mountains are known. Often one cannot even tell which way is energetically downhill.
Progress in the Development of a Mechanical Properties Microprobe
Authors: Oliver W. C. 
Published: August 2014

A mechanical properties microprobe is an exciting concept. A system with the ability to evaluate the mechanical response of a sample with submicron spacial resolution would have an extremely wide range of applications. Recent developments in hardware and understanding have placed this goal within our grasp.In 1971, J.J.Gilman wrote the following in his article, “Hardness—A Strength Microprobe”:“Hardness measurements are at once among the most maligned and the most magnificent of physical measurements. Maligned because they are often misinterpreted by the uninitiated, and magnificent because they are so efficient in generating information for the skilled practitioner. They can quickly yield quantitative information about the elastic, anelastic, plastic, viscous, and fracture properties of a great variety of both isotropic and anisotropic solids. The tools that are used are simple and the sample sizes that are needed are typically small, sometimes submicroscopic. This makes it unnecessary to have large specimens in order to measure strength properties and makes it possible to measure the properties of various microscopic particles within the matrix phase of a polyphase metal, mineral, or ceramic material. This is why hardness may be considered to be a strength microprobe.”These statements are worth repeating for two reasons. First, they point out the largely untapped potential for microin-dentation tests to improve our understanding of the mechanical properties of materials. Second, it is the first mention of hardness tests in the context of a strength microprobe. In this article the more general term of microindentation tests will be used, since hardness is only one of many properties that can be measured with such tests. In addition, the term mechanical properties microprobe (MPM) will be used rather than strength microprobe-again, to note the wide variety of properties that can be measured.
Molecular Evolution of Sexual and Parthenogenetic Lineages of the Armored Scale Insect Aspidiotus nerii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and Its Primary Bacterial Endosymbiont, Uzinura diaspidicola
Authors: Andersen Jeremy C , Gwiazdowski Rodger A , Gruwell Matthew E 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Here we compare rates of molecular evolution in sexual and parthenogenetic lineages of Aspdiotus nerii Bouché (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) using the genealogies of three protein-coding loci from A. nerii (one mitochondrial and two nuclear), and two protein-coding loci from the primary endosymbiont Uzinura diaspidicola Gruwell (Proteobacteria: Gammaproteobacteria). To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine how the loss of sex affects DNA sequence substitution rates across nuclear, mitochondrial, and endosymbiont genomes. We find no differences between ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (dN/dS) in sexual and parthenogenetic lineages for nuclear loci (CAD and EFlα) and endosymbiont loci (rspB and GroEL). We do find, however, for a fragment spanning portions of the mitochondrial genes cytochrome oxidase 1 and 2 (CO1-CO2) that a model including separate dN/dS ratios for the sexual and parthenogenetic lineages is a significantly better fit for the data (P = 0.003) than a model that includes a single dN/dS ratio for both lineages. We find this result striking because for asexual lineages nuclear, mictochondrial, and endosymbiont genomes share a similar mode of transmission (i.e., vertical from mother to offspring), yet our results show that elevated dN/dS ratios were only observed in the mitochondrial genome. This result supports a recent hypothesis that interactions between the endosymbiont and nuclear genomes may limit the accumulation of deleterious mutations in the endosymbiont genome, and suggests that these same interactions may influence mutation rates in the nuclear genomes of asexual organisms as well.
Influence of Social Factors to the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Malaysia
Authors: Khan Abdul Rashid , Tahir Ibrahim 
Published: August 2014

Introduction and Aim:
The increase in the life expectancy does not necessarily correlate with a higher quality of life. The objective of this study was to determine the influences of social factors to the quality of life of the elderly in Malaysia.

Methodology:
This cross sectional study was conducted in Penang, Malaysia among 2005 randomly sampled elderly using the WHOQOL-BREF scale. The sample was randomly collected from a list of residents of the state who are aged 60 years and older who receive the special aid provided by the Penang state government to all elderly residing in Penang irrespective of their socio and economic status.

Results:
Regression analysis showed that after controlling for demographic factors which include age, sex, race, marital status, education and employment; living with spouse and family members and being socially active were significantly associated with increased quality of life scores and being dependent on partner and children as compared to being selfdependent on mobility and having poor and moderate support as compared to good social support were significantly associated with decreased quality of life scores.

Conclusion:
The quality of life of the elderly is very much influenced by social factors.
Efficacy of Social Media Utilization by Public Accounting Firms: Findings and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Eschenbrenner Brenda , Nah Fiona Fui-Hoon , Telaprolu Venkata Rajasekhar 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
Social media presents a new platform for businesses to communicate and interact with others, both internally and externally. Social media may be utilized for activities such as sharing success stories and providing industry updates. Although a plethora of opportunities to achieve business objectives with social media usage exists, the efficacy of its use by public accounting firms is unclear. This article identifies the business objectives that Big 4 and second-tier firms are pursuing with social media. Primary business objectives being fulfilled by social media include Knowledge Sharing, Branding and Marketing, and Socialization and Onboarding. The findings suggest that Big 4 firms are pursuing Knowledge Sharing on Facebook™ and Twitter™ to a greater extent than second-tier firms, while second-tier firms pursue Socialization and Onboarding on Facebook and Branding and Marketing on Twitter to a greater extent than Big 4 firms. Suggestions for business opportunities and future research are also identified.
Evaluation of Tensile Retention of Y-TZP Crowns Cemented on Resin Composite Cores: Effect of the Cement and Y-TZP Surface Conditioning
Authors: Rippe MP , Amaral R , Oliveira FS , Cesar PF , Scotti R , Valandro LF , Bottino MA 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARY
This study evaluated the effect of the cement type (adhesive resin, self-adhesive, glass ionomer, and zinc phosphate) on the retention of crowns made of yttria-stabilized polycrystalline tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP). Therefore, 108 freshly extracted molars were embedded in acrylic resin, perpendicular to their long axis, and prepared for full crowns: the crown preparations were removed and reconstructed using composite resin plus fiber posts with dimensions identical to the prepared dentin. The preparations were impressed using addition silicone, and Y-TZP copings were produced, which presented a special setup for the tensile testing. Cementation was performed with two adhesive resin cements (Multilink Automix, Ivoclar-Vivadent; RelyX ARC, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA), one self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U100, 3M ESPE), one glass ionomer based cement (RelyX Luting, 3M ESPE), and one zinc phosphate cement (Cimento de Zinco, SS White, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). For the resin cement groups, the inner surfaces of the crowns were subjected to three surface treatments: cleaning with isopropyl alcohol, tribochemical silica coating, or application of a thin low-fusing glass porcelain layer plus silanization. After 24 hours, all groups were subjected to thermocycling (6000 cycles) and included in a special device for tensile testing in a universal testing machine to test the retention of the infrastructure. After testing, the failure modes of all samples were analyzed under a stereomicroscope. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the surface treatment and cement type (α=0.05) affected the tensile retention results. The Multilink cement presented the highest tensile retention values, but that result was not statistically different from RelyX ARC. The surface treatment was statistically relevant only for the Multilink cement. The cement choice was shown to be more important than the crown surface treatment for cementation of a Y-TZP crown to a composite resin substrate.
Trends in Development of Weld Overlaying During The 21ST Century
Authors: Nikolov Mitko 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The present article discusses the trends in the development of welding and weld overlaying on the threshold of the new millennium and during it. It presents the trends in the production of welding materials for welding and weld overlaying in industrially developed and developing countries. The structure of welding methods is also shown, giving priority to its development until 2020.
Monitoring the Capability of Production Equipment in Organization
Authors: Prístavka Miroslav , Bujna Marián 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This work is focused on determining the capability of production equipment in Volkswagen Slovakia, a.s. during the moulding of a car door. There were taken 150 samples from the moulding process that followed each other. Values were recorded on a Wenzel RAplus 1625 measuring machine. Subsequently, process stability was verified. It showed that measured values had a stable average value, and the process did not show irregularities in the diagrams of the X card and s card. After verification of stability, the values of Cm
and Cmk
were calculated, which exceeded the minimum requirement of 1.66 and 1.67, and the requirements for the capability of production equipment have thereby been met.
Professional Evaluation. Application of the PageRank Algorithm in Employee Rating
Authors: Kamińska Barbara , Szymańczyk Kamila 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Appraisal is a tool used by both management and employees to attain their goals. Properly carried out employee performance appraisal allows to monitor the employee's actions and provides information on the level of his or her performance. Feedback in the form of appraisal motivates the employee to work more effectively and productively. Appraisal also enables to shape the personnel policy – it allows to chart employee career paths and determine training needs of an organization. For appraisal, however, to fulfil the attributed role, it needs to be carried out in a professional manner.
The aim of the article is to draw attention to the importance of employee performance appraisal in the personnel management process and to provide information on the core principles of appraisal. It describes, among others, determinants, criteria as well as selected methods and techniques of appraisal. An interesting point can be the use of the PageRank algorithm which can be a good solution for rating employees.
Psychiatrists and patients suffering from depressive disorders and schizophrenia in one organization basing on the hospitals in Lodz region
Authors: Warzyńska-Bartczak Zofia 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Collaboration between doctors and patient is a perfect example of a specific kind of collaboration in the organization. Difficulties with establish proper relations between psychiatrists and patients with depressive disorders and schizophrenia is the subject of the paper. The thesis of the work assumes that psychiatrists and patients belong to the totally different “worlds” what is the cause of inability to create proper mutual collaboration between them. In 2009 a questionnaire survey was conducted at public mental hospitals of the Lodz region. Both doctors and patients notice a number of communication barriers and factors hampering the mutual cooperation, at the same time demonstrating the will to agree and cooperate. The proper contact and collaboration affect mental disposition and motivation for the process of recovery from the illness.
Conclusion: To a large extent not only a course of the treatment, but also a correct social functioning of both groups of the patients depends on the quality of the interrelation between them and psychiatrists. It appears, however, that the hierarchy of obstacles of successful therapy is completely different among the doctors and patients
Competitive factors for microenterprises in the process of marketing and logistic management based on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Authors: Janczewska Danuta 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Upon accession to the European Union, the SME sector in Poland found itself in a much more difficult situation than that of similar enterprises which had operated in the EU for years. New phenomena have occurred in this environment, including globalization, with not only its economic dimension, but also structural and functional ones, which comprehensively affects all fields of enterprises’ operations. Growth of competitiveness of SMEs, in particular of microenterprises, is a very interesting aspect and questions arise as to possible new methods of management which could help achieve this goal. This article presents the author's own research on SMEs in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship from the perspective of competitive factors in the management process. The factors of chief significance to growth and development are presented as exemplified by marketing and logistic management process in a microenterprise.
The importance of older people's participation in the financial services market
Authors: Czechowska Iwona Dorota 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The article presents definitions on population aging, characterises the analysed group of population, and discusses selected aspects of its activity in the financial services market. Its purpose has been to determine the importance of the elderly as the users of financial services. As demonstrated, the activity of customers aged 60+ in the financial services market is of significance for various players in this market, as well as from the micro and macro perspective. The hypothesis that this subject area is neither sufficiently known nor recognized has been proved to be true. To improve the situation, financial institutions should analyse in detail the needs of elderly customers to develop targeted products and services, while older people should be more active and use them more often.
Traveling salesman problem: approach to optimality
Authors: Jadczak Radosław 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a basic and one of the most important transportation problems in operational logistics. It is also known in the literature as a Chinese postman problem or single vehicle routing problem. TSP can be shortly described as follows. Vehicle starting from the selected city must visit a set of another cities exactly once and return to the starting city in such a way that the total distance of the route is minimized.
In this paper first mathematical formulation of decision problem is presented. Then solution strategies of TSP are shown with selected algorithms as examples. In the last part of article, a computational results of selected methods are presented.