bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving access to psychological therapies: a comparison between two devolved nations
Authors: Waddington Louise , Jury Rebecca 
Published: June 2013

AbstractScotland and Wales share the opportunities of devolved government as well as challenges such as urban deprivation and remote rural communities. Such commonalities make a comparison of their approaches to psychological therapies relevant. The Scottish and Welsh governments have both published guidance concerning improved access to psychological therapies and these reveal different approaches. The Scottish Government has provided clear and concrete guidance for services, retains a close overview of progress, and plans training from the centre. The Welsh Government has published guidance which is unspecific, has largely devolved responsibility for implementation to local health boards and has no central plan for training. Scottish guidance provides clear information about who can expect to receive specific evidence-based therapies, the number of sessions they can expect to receive, and crucially the level of training and competence required for therapists. Welsh guidance documents have not yet specified which patient groups can expect to access formal psychological therapies, which psychological therapies are considered to have a sound evidence base, the number of sessions patients can expect, or the level of training and competence required for practitioners. Welsh policy documents make no reference to competence frameworks for therapists.
A metabolomic view of how the human gut microbiota impacts the host metabolome using humanized and gnotobiotic mice
Authors: Marcobal A , Kashyap P C , Nelson T A , Aronov P A , Donia M S , Spormann A , Fischbach M A , Sonnenburg J L 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Defining the functional status of host-associated microbial ecosystems has proven challenging owing to the vast number of predicted genes within the microbiome and relatively poor understanding of community dynamics and community–host interaction. Metabolomic approaches, in which a large number of small molecule metabolites can be defined in a biological sample, offer a promising avenue to ‘fingerprint’ microbiota functional status. Here, we examined the effects of the human gut microbiota on the fecal and urinary metabolome of a humanized (HUM) mouse using an optimized ultra performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-based method. Differences between HUM and conventional mouse urine and fecal metabolomic profiles support host-specific aspects of the microbiota’s metabolomic contribution, consistent with distinct microbial compositions. Comparison of microbiota composition and metabolome of mice humanized with different human donors revealed that the vast majority of metabolomic features observed in donor samples are produced in the corresponding HUM mice, and individual-specific features suggest ‘personalized’ aspects of functionality can be reconstituted in mice. Feeding the mice a defined, custom diet resulted in modification of the metabolite signatures, illustrating that host diet provides an avenue for altering gut microbiota functionality, which in turn can be monitored via metabolomics. Using a defined model microbiota consisting of one or two species, we show that simplified communities can drive major changes in the host metabolomic profile. Our results demonstrate that metabolomics constitutes a powerful avenue for functional characterization of the intestinal microbiota and its interaction with the host.
Engineering three-dimensional topological insulators in Rashba-type spin-orbit coupled heterostructures
Authors: Das Tanmoy , Balatsky A. V. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTopological insulators represent a new class of quantum phase defined by invariant symmetries and spin-orbit coupling that guarantees metallic Dirac excitations at its surface. The discoveries of these states have sparked the hope of realizing non-trivial excitations and novel effects such as a magnetoelectric effect and topological Majorana excitations. Here we develop a theoretical formalism to show that a three-dimensional topological insulator can be designed artificially via stacking bilayers of two-dimensional Fermi gases with opposite Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling on adjacent layers, and with interlayer quantum tunneling. We demonstrate that in the stack of bilayers grown along a (001)-direction, a non-trivial topological phase transition occurs above a critical number of Rashba bilayers. In the topological phase, we find the formation of a single spin-polarized Dirac cone at the "Equation missing"-point. This approach offers an accessible way to design artificial topological insulators in a set up that takes full advantage of the atomic layer deposition approach. This design principle is tunable and also allows us to bypass limitations imposed by bulk crystal geometry.
Wide tuning range LC VCO with parallel coupled negative gm cells
Authors: Jung J. , Upadyaya P. , Heo D. , Kim J.‐H. , Kim B.‐S. 
Published: June 2013

To minimise phase noise degradation with a wide tuning range, the proposed LC voltage controlled oscillator incorporates parallel coupled negative transconductance (gm) cells. Phase noise for wide tuning range VCOs suffers from degradation of quality factor of tank inductors or tank capacitors due to their parasitic resistance. The proposed parallel coupled negative gm cells provide additional current to compensate for the loss of phase noise. The measured results show a tuning range of 25.4% and a phase noise of − 116.7 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency at 5.87 GHz with power consumption of 1.4 mW. The figure‐of‐merit with the fractional tuning range of the VCO was − 199.9 dBc/Hz, which is the best among the latest state‐of‐the‐art wide tuning range CMOS LC VCOs.
Broadband Ka‐band rectangular waveguide to substrate integrated waveguide transition
Authors: Głogowski R. , Zürcher J.‐F. , Peixeiro C. , Mosig J.R. 
Published: June 2013

A simple right‐angle transition between a rectangular waveguide (RWG) and a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed. Two slots etched on the broad wall of the SIW are used to couple the waveguides. To obtain a wide bandwidth of operation the slots have different lengths to create a double resonance behaviour. The proposed component has a simple mechanical configuration with the flange of the standard RWG flush‐mounted to the substrate of the SIW. A sample transition is designed to work in the lower part of the Ka‐band. The experimental results agree well with numerical predictions. The proposed component has 6.6% bandwidth and insertion loss below 0.5 dB.
Observation of spontaneous Raman scattering in hydrogenated amorphous silicon wire waveguide at 1.55 µm
Authors: Tanizawa K. , Suda S. , Sakakibara Y. , Kamei T. , Takei R. , Kawashima H. , Namiki S. , Mori M. , Ishikawa H. 
Published: June 2013

Reported is the measurement of spontaneous Raman scattering in a 13 mm‐long hydrogenated amorphous silicon wire waveguide with ultrafast carrier decay time. Broad Raman emission with a peak wavelength of 1.55 µm was observed for a pump wavelength of 1.44 µm. The Raman frequency shift is 14.3 THz, and Raman gain coefficient is estimated to be 0.15 W− 1cm− 1.
On‐chip wavelet denoising system implemented with analogue circuits
Authors: Gurrola‐Navarro M.A. , Carrasco‐Alvarez R. , Medina‐Vazquez A.S. , Espinosa‐Flores‐Verdad G. 
Published: June 2013

An adaptation of the hard‐thresholding denoising method for analogue circuits is presented. The proposed approach has been proved with a chip fabricated in 0.5 µm CMOS technology. The system works for signals contaminated with white Gaussian noise in the range 100 kHz to 1.6 MHz. On‐chip measurements demonstrate a noise reduction up to 7 dB.
UWB meshed solar monopole antenna
Authors: Yurduseven O. , Smith D. , Elsdon M. 
Published: June 2013

A novel combination of a parametrically optimised UWB meshed circular disc monopole antenna with a polycrystalline silicon (poly‐Si) solar cell is presented and discussed. The results indicate that the fabricated meshed solar monopole antenna operates across the frequency band 2.33–10.8 GHz with an average broadband gain of 4.1 dBi. It is demonstrated that by meshing the monopole pattern an adequate solar efficiency of 13.1% can be achieved.
40 MHz‐BW continuous‐time ΔΣ modulator with capacitive local feedback and current‐sharing OTA
Authors: Xing X. , Gielen G. 
Published: June 2013

A 40 MHz‐bandwidth (BW) 12‐bit delta‐sigma modulator (DSM) fabricated in 90 nm CMOS is presented. A noise‐free capacitive local feedback scheme is proposed for noise transfer function complex zeros generation. Moreover, the operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) are implemented with a current‐sharing feedforward technique to largely reduce the power and to boost the gain. With a 960 MHz clock frequency and 1.2 V supply, the modulator achieves 74.4 dB dynamic range and 69.7 dB peak signal‐to‐noise and distortion ratio (SNDR). The DSM FoM is 0.22 pJ/conv, which is among the lowest of the published moderate resolution DSMs in this high‐bandwidth range.
Small aperture evanescent‐mode waveguide antenna matched using distributed coupled resonators
Authors: Ludlow P. , Fusco V. , Goussetis G. , Zelenchuk D.E. 
Published: June 2013

Presented is a design methodology which permits the application of distributed coupled resonator bandpass filter principles to form wideband small‐aperture evanescent‐mode waveguide antenna designs. This approach permits matching of the complex antenna aperture admittance of an evanescent‐mode open‐ended waveguide to a real impedance generator, and thereby to a coaxial feed probe. A simulated reflection coefficient of < − 10 dB was obtained over a bandwidth of 20%, from 2.0–2.45 GHz, in a 2.58 GHz cutoff waveguide. Dielectric‐filled propagating waveguide and air‐filled evanescent‐mode waveguide sections are used to form the resonators/coupling elements of the antenna's coupled resonator matching sections. Simulated realised gain variation from 3.4–5.0 dBi is observed across the bandwidth. The antenna's maximum aperture dimension is < 0.47 λ0 at the upper operating frequency and so it is suitable for use in a wide angle scanning phased array.
Wideband radar absorbing structure with low density material and load‐bearing MWCNT added composite material
Authors: Choi W.H. , Jang H.K. , Shin J.H. , Song T.H. , Kim J.B. , Lee W.J. , Joo Y.S. , Kim C.‐G. 
Published: June 2013

A new design concept of a wideband radar absorbing structure consisting of load‐bearing glass/MWCNT added epoxy composite and having low density/lightweight characteristics for C‐ to X‐band and X‐ to Ku‐band radar is presented. The proposed radar absorbing structures have triple layers which are the low density and light weight layer to reduce the total weight, covering layers to protect the foam layer from humidity absorption, and a load‐bearing layer as the actual structural layer. The proposed designs satisfied −10 dB absorption in the C‐band to X‐band and X‐band to Ku‐band using only two different materials. Moreover, from a practical point of view, since thickness control of absorbing structures is an important factor for the absorbing performance, the proposed structures could minimise fabrication errors (precise thickness controls) by employing multiple layers for wideband absorbing performance.
Discretely tunable optical delay lines using serial and step‐chirped sidewall Bragg gratings in SOI
Authors: Spasojevic M. , Chen L.R. 
Published: June 2013

Discretely tunable optical delay lines using serial and step‐chirped sidewall Bragg gratings in SOI are demonstrated. Delays of up to 60 ps (28 ps) in steps of 20 ps (14 ps) spanning bandwidths of 53 nm (33 nm) are obtained for serial (step‐chirped) gratings.
Adaptive decision feedback detection with parallel interference cancellation and constellation constraints for multiuser multi‐input–multi‐output systems
Authors: Li Peng , de Lamare Rodrigo C. , Liu Jingjing 
Published: June 2013

In this study, a novel low‐complexity adaptive decision feedback (DF) detection with parallel DF (P‐DF) and P‐DF constellation constraints (P‐DFCC) is proposed for multiuser multi‐input–multi‐output (MIMO) systems. The authors propose a constrained constellation map which introduces a number of selected points served as the feedback candidates for interference cancellation. By introducing a reliability checking, a higher degree of freedom is introduced to refine the unreliable estimates. The P‐DFCC is followed by an adaptive receive filter to estimate the transmitted symbol. To reduce the complexity of computing the filters with time‐varying MIMO channels, an adaptive recursive least squares algorithm is employed in the proposed P‐DFCC scheme. An iterative detection and decoding (Turbo) scheme is considered with the proposed P‐DFCC algorithm. Simulations show that the proposed technique has a complexity comparable to the conventional P‐DF detector while it obtains a performance close to the maximum‐likelihood detector at a low to medium signal‐to‐noise ratio range..
Large‐scale synthesis and characterisation of Ag/Bi2Te3 superlattice nanowires via pulse electrodeposition
Authors: Fu Junli , Shi Jinan , Zhu Min , Liang Yujie , Zhang Guling , Shi Honglong , Li Hua , Zou Bin , Qu Zhen , Jia Ying , Wang Wenzhong 
Published: June 2013

Ag/Bi2Te3 superlattice nanowire arrays have been fabricated by pulse electrodeposition using porous anodic aluminium oxide as the template at large‐scale quantity. The nanowire arrays were characterised by X‐ray diffraction, a scanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results indicate that the nanowires are composed of the Bi2Te3 rhombohedral lattice phase and the Ag cubic lattice phase with alternately ordered multi‐segment characters. The feature of dark segments alternated with bright segments can be easily distinguished because of the obvious heterogeneous contrast. The length of each segment varies from 25 to 45 nm. The HRTEM result shows that the composition of one segment is Ag and the neighbouring segment is Bi2Te3.
Fine YAG:Ce3+ nanoparticles synthesised by supercritical hydrothermal reaction
Authors: Qian Shibing , Ma Yongqing , Zan Fenlian , Zou Dan , Dai Zhenxiang , Zheng Ganhong , Li Guang 
Published: June 2013

Yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG):Ce3+ nanoparticles have been synthesised by the supercritical hydrothermal method at 390 °C in a series of reaction times of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h, respectively, and characterised by X‐ray diffraction, a scanning electron microscope, (high resolution) transmission electron microscopy and several measurements of fluorescence properties. The single‐phase YAG:Ce3+ can be obtained at much lower temperature (390 °C) by means of the supercritical hydrothermal method with inexpensive raw materials and simple processing conditions than by the conventional solid‐state method and other wet‐chemical methods. The YAG:Ce3+ phosphors synthesised by the supercritical hydrothermal method exhibit more uniform size distribution and stronger emission, compared with those synthesised at the 360 °C below the supercritical point of water. The reaction time also influences the luminescent properties, and the related mechanism is discussed.
Integrated platform for genome-wide screening and construction of high-density genetic interaction maps in mammalian cells
Authors: Kampmann Martin , Bassik Michael C. , Weissman Jonathan S. 
Published: June 2013

Significance
While genomes are being sequenced at an accelerating pace, the elucidation of the function of human genes and their interactions remains a formidable challenge. Genetic interaction maps, which report on how genes work together, provide a powerful tool for systematically defining gene function and pathways. Here we present the complete quantitative framework underlying our recently developed approach for systematic mapping of genetic interactions in mammalian cells and demonstrate its broad potential. Maps obtained in different cell types and treatment conditions dissect context-dependent pathways. Our approach can provide a rational basis for defining combination therapies by targeting genes with strong genetic interactions.
Alternative polyadenylation sites reveal distinct chromatin accessibility and histone modification in human cell lines
Authors: Lee Che-yu , Chen Liang 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Motivation: In addition to alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation has also been identified as a critical and prevalent regulatory mechanism in human gene expression. However, the mechanism of alternative polyadenylation selection and the involved factors is still largely unknown.
Results: We use the ENCODE data to scan DNA functional elements, including chromatin accessibility and histone modification, around transcript cleavage sites. Our results demonstrate that polyadenylation sites tend to be less sensitive to DNase I. However, these polyadenylation sites have preference in nucleosome-depleted regions, indicating the involvement of chromatin higher-order structure rather than nucleosomes in the resultant lower chromatin accessibility. More interestingly, for genes using two polyadenylation sites, the distal sites show even lower chromatin accessibility compared with the proximal sites or the unique sites of genes using only one polyadenylation site. We also observe that the histone modification mark, histone H3 lysine 36 tri-methylation (H3K36Me3), exhibits different patterns around the cleavage sites of genes using multiple polyadenylation sites from those of genes using a single polyadenylation site. Surprisingly, the H3K36Me3 levels are comparable among the alternative polyadenylation sites themselves. In summary, polyadenylation and alternative polyadenylation are closely related to functional elements on the DNA level.
Contact: liang.chen@usc.edu
Mediterranean fishery discards: review of the existing knowledge
Authors: Tsagarakis K. , Palialexis A. , Vassilopoulou V. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
A considerable amount of the existing knowledge of discards in the Mediterranean Sea is presented. Discarding highly varies along the basin both geographically and among the different fishing gears with bottom trawls being responsible for the bulk of discards, since they are characterized by high discards ratios. Midwater trawls, purse-seines, and small-scale fisheries, despite their less proportion of discards per se, produce overall high discards quantities, since they are responsible for the majority of the landings. Based on the collected information, a rough Mediterranean-wide estimate of discards around 230 000 t or 18.6% (13.3–26.8%) of the catch is produced. Discarding in the Mediterranean is regulated by market demands rather than by legal constraints, and marketable bycatch may constitute an important supplemental source of income. A pattern in resource use related to socio-cultural characteristics is apparent, with welfare communities discarding more in terms of percentages. Natural conditions (e.g. environmental gradients) and fishers' strategies also substantially affect discarding. Mitigation tools mainly comprise selectivity improvement and spatio-temporal closures. Despite the progress in studying discards, needs are evident to expand monitoring schemes, apply analytical techniques, and establish objectives of the discards issue under the framework of ecosystem approach to fisheries.
The business training in the automotive industry in Greece: the example of Opel
Authors: Brinia Vasiliki , Pefanis Konstantinos 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to investigate the views of the employees of GM Hellas (the subsidiary of Opel car manufacturer in Greece), with regards to the training they receive from their employer. More specifically, the research seeks to examine two types of training aspects: those related to the principles of adult education and those related to the business goals of the company, such as the improvement on trainees' qualifications and skills, the need to upgrade trainees' job prospects, the provision of knowledge on recent technological developments.Design/methodology/approachThe research took place in 2012, the 4th consecutive year of recession in Greece (since the beginning of the 2008 debt crisis); it investigates a business sector which has been hit very hard due to falling consumer demand for cars. Therefore, the time and context of this research makes it almost unique in its field. The research followed a quantitative approach (questionnaires administered to a sample of 114 employees/trainees).FindingsThe researchers concluded that the training provided by GM Hellas is viewed in a very positive light by its employees. Several training aspects considered important in adult education, as well as some business goals achieved through training, were all very favorably evaluated.Originality/valueIn‐company training is a key factor for business growth and competitiveness. This is the first research of business education in the automotive sector in Greece, which is very important in the Greek economy.
An online path planning approach of mobile robot based on particle filter
Authors: Gao Yang , Sun Shu‐dong , Hu Da‐wei , Wang Lai‐jun 
Published: June 2013

PurposePath planning in unknown or partly unknown environment is a quite complex task, partly because it is an evolving globally optimal path affected by the motion of the robot and the changing of environmental information. The purpose of this paper is to propose an online path planning approach for a mobile robot, which aims to provide a better adaptability to the motion of the robot and the changing of environmental information.Design/methodology/approachThis approach treats the globally optimal path as a changing state and estimates it online with two steps: prediction step, which predicts the globally optimal path based on the motion of the robot; and updating step, which uses the up‐to‐date environmental information to refine the prediction.FindingsSimulations and experiments show that this approach needs less time to reach the destination than some classical algorithms, provides speedy convergence and can adapt to unexpected obstacles or very limited prior environmental information. The better performances of this approach have been proved in both field and indoor environments.Originality/valueCompared with previous works, the paper's approach has three main contributions. First, it can reduce the time consumed in reaching the destination by adopting an online path planning strategy. Second, it can be applied in such environments as those with unexpected obstacles or with only limited prior environmental information. Third, both motion error of the robot and the changing of environmental information are considered, so that the global adaptability to them is improved.