bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardizing and Improving Primary Care-Based Electronic Developmental Screening for Young Children in Federally Qualified Health Center Clinics
Authors: Felix Gladys , Deavenport-Saman Alexis , Stavros Sophia , Farboodi Niloofar , Durazo-Arvizu Ramon , Garcia Joanna , Yin Larry , Gera Mona Patel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Many barriers to implementation of developmental screening in primary care exist, especially for children from under-resourced communities. Developmental screening is vital to early detection of developmental delay and autism spectrum disorder, and early intervention (EI) referral. This study sought to examine whether implementation of a standardized clinical workflow using electronic screening tools improved both rates of developmental screening, and the number of children identified at risk for developmental delay, in a federally qualified health center (FQHC).

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at an academic-affiliated FQHC. Electronic versions of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire 3 (ASQ-3) and Modified Checklist in Autism for Toddlers Revised (M-CHAT-R) were implemented at well-child visits. New clinical workflow training on developmental screening and EI referral was provided. Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact analyses were conducted.

Results
ASQ-3 screening rates increased from 62.7 to 73.6% pre- to post-intervention. Post-intervention, there was a significant decrease in paper screens (p < .001), and a significant increase in the percentage of children with ASQ-3 results in the below cutoff range from 14.7 to 18.2% (p < .002). M-CHAT-R screening rates increased from 56.4 to 59.4% pre- to post-intervention. Post-intervention, there was a significant increase in electronic screens (p < .001).

Conclusions for Practice
Implementation of electronic screening tools improved universal developmental screening in a FQHC. To decrease barriers in under-resourced communities, the use of electronic tools may decrease the rate of screening error seen with paper screening and have the potential to better identify children at risk for developmental delay.
Wright’s First-Order Logic of Strict Finitism
Authors: Yamada Takahiro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA classical reconstruction of Wright’s first-order logic of strict finitism is presented. Strict finitism is a constructive standpoint of mathematics that is more restrictive than intuitionism. Wright sketched the semantics of said logic in Wright (Realism, Meaning and Truth, chap 4, 2nd edition in 1993. Blackwell Publishers, Oxford, Cambridge, pp.107–75, 1982), in his strict finitistic metatheory. Yamada (J Philos Log. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10992-022-09698-w, 2023) proposed, as its classical reconstruction, a propositional logic of strict finitism under an auxiliary condition that makes the logic correspond with intuitionistic propositional logic. In this paper, we extend the propositional logic to a first-order logic that does not assume the condition. We will provide a sound and complete pair of a Kripke-style semantics and a natural deduction system, and show that if the condition is imposed, then the logic exhibits natural extensions of Yamada (2023)’s results.
Sex-specific clinical and neurobiological correlates of fatigue in older adults
Authors: Toccaceli Blasi Marco , Alfano Alba Rosa , Salzillo Martina , Buscarnera Simona , Raparelli Valeria , Cesari Matteo , Bruno Giuseppe , Canevelli Marco ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: August 2024

AbstractFatigue is a common and distressful symptom in older people and has been associated with adverse health outcomes. Nevertheless, its sex-specific pathophysiological underpinnings and clinical correlates have been scarcely investigated. We aimed to comprehensively explore the clinical and neurobiological determinants of fatigue in cognitively unimpaired older adults. A sex-stratified analysis was conducted to look for differences in the clinical expression of fatigue among women and men. Data on cognitively normal individuals were gathered from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) 2 study. Fatigue was defined based on self-report at baseline. For each participant, information on sociodemographics, comorbidities, mood, cognitive performance, frailty, and biomarkers of brain pathology was collected. Logistic regression models, stratified by sex, were conducted to explore the factors associated with fatigue. Among the 291 participants selected, 44 subjects (15.1% of the total sample) self-reported fatigue at baseline. Subjects reporting fatigue were more likely women, had higher frailty degrees, and more severe depressive symptoms than those without fatigue. Moreover, they tended to have lower MRI hippocampus volumes. Among women, those reporting fatigue exhibited higher frailty levels, worse depression, and lower MRI hippocampus volumes relative to those without fatigue. Higher frailty degrees were also observed in men reporting vs. non-reporting fatigue. In the adjusted logistic regression model, more severe depression (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.18–2.28; p < 0.01) and lower MRI hippocampus volumes (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.19–0.90; p = 0.03) resulted independently associated with fatigue in women, while higher frailty degrees (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.27–7.54 per 0.1 increase in a 39-item Frailty index; p = 0.01) in men. Fatigue is a complex symptom with a sex-specific pattern of clinical and neurobiological correlates. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these associations is warranted to develop sex-informed approaches for personalized treatments.
Delirprävention und -management durch Pflegekonsile – eine Implementierungsstrategie
Authors: Spank Juliane , Koch Cathleen , Sirsch Erika , Thomas Christine 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ein Delir tritt bei älteren Personen im Akutkrankenhaus mit einer Wahrscheinlichkeit von 10–25 % auf. Es bedarf umgehender Behandlung, um Einschränkungen der Alltagsfähigkeiten zu minimieren. Nichtmedikamentöse Delirpräventions- und Delirmanagementprogramme können die Delirprävalenz und -dauer reduzieren.

Ziel der Arbeit
Das Ziel war die Implementierung eines Pflegekonsildienstes als Eingangspforte zu Delirprävention und -management in den Abteilungen Herz-Gefäß-Krankheiten (HGK), Neurochirurgie (NC) und Unfallchirurgie/Orthopädie (UCO) zu überprüfen.

Material und Methoden
Vom 01.01.2021–31.12.2022 wurde der Durchdringungsgrad des Delirmanagements anhand von Pflegekonsilen ermittelt. Angestrebt wurde eine Anmeldung für mindestens 10 % der stationär versorgten Patient*innen ab 65 Jahren und die Nennung des Delirs bei positivem Assessment (CAM) im Arztbrief.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 846 Patient*innen dem Delirpräventions- und Delirmanagementteam AKTIVER angemeldet (2021: NC n = 133, 14,5 %; HGK n = 141, 14,66 %; UCO n = 108, 17,7 %). Im zweiten Jahr gelang eine Steigerung der Anmeldungen um 22,29 % (n = 145) bzw. 43,11 % (n = 244) in der NC und HGK. Bei 328 Patient*innen wurde ein Delir erkannt (CAM positiv), insgesamt 422 (41 %) wurden durch AKTIVER betreut. Im Arztbrief wurden <  30 % der erkannten Delire benannt (28,07 % NC; 32,69 % HGK und 16,66 % UCO), ICD-kodiert wurden 32,32 %.

Schlussfolgerung
Die erfolgreiche Implementierung eines Pflegekonsildienstes zeigt sich im Durchdringungsgrad von 17,17 % und erwies sich als geeignet, Präventions- und Managementmaßnahmen zeitnah umzusetzen. Die Diagnose des Delirs wurde allerdings nur vereinzelt kodiert oder im Arztbrief erwähnt und die hausärztliche Weiterbehandlung (sekundäre Delirprävention) dadurch erschwert.
Join operation for the Bruhat order and Verma modules
Authors: Ko Hankyung , Mazorchuk Volodymyr , Mrđen Rafael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe observe that the join operation for the Bruhat order on a Weyl group agrees with the intersections of Verma modules in type A. The statement is not true in other types, and we propose a weaker correspondence. Namely, we introduce distinguished subsets of the Weyl group on which the join operation conjecturally agrees with the intersections of Verma modules. We also relate our conjecture with a statement about the socles of the cokernels of inclusions between Verma modules. The latter determines the first Ext space between a simple module and a Verma module. We give a conjectural complete description of such socles which we verify in a number of cases. Along the way, we determine the poset structure of the join-irreducible elements in Weyl groups and obtain closed formulae for certain families of Kazhdan–Lusztig polynomials.
Design optimization of a snowboard performing an ollie
Authors: Huber Xaver , Zwölfer Andreas , Caillaud Benoit , Rixen Daniel J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe ollie, a fundamental manoeuver in snowboarding, serves as a basis for various tricks requiring high altitude and extended airtime. The maximum ollie height depends on the snowboard’s geometry and structural characteristics. In this study, the influence of these properties is investigated with a flexible multibody dynamics simulation, where the snowboard is modeled by geometrically non-linear finite elements, snow contact is considered by a penetration depth and velocity proportional normal force and ollie motion is achieved by imposing measured loads to the bindings. To maximize the height, a genetic optimization procedure is presented, which yields substantial improvements. Optimizing the camber line and the bending stiffness distribution yields enhanced performance. Less damping as well as lighter boards lead to higher jumps, no noteworthy correlation between axial stiffness and damping distribution and jump height was found, and the strain energy stored in the board during takeoff is a useful indicator for estimating ollie heights. Nevertheless, further investigations should take a more advanced and realistic rider interaction into account.
Permeability prediction method of unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs using CT scanning technology and random forest model
Authors: Liu Chen , Feng Qihong , Zhou Wensheng , Wang Chenchen , Zhang Xianmin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeveloping unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs presents a formidable challenge due to their loose formation, which often triggers alterations in pore parameters and seepage characteristics during water injection processes. This study focuses on a specific reservoir, utilizing micro-CT scanning to examine the intricate relationship between permeability and pore throat structure. Leveraging a random forest model, we establish an empirical formula tailored for high permeability reservoirs. Furthermore, we conduct in-situ CT scanning experiments across various displacement multiples to analyze the pore structure of unconsolidated sandstone cores. The derived relationship curves elucidate the positive correlations between porosity and average pore throat radius with displacement multiples, while revealing a negative correlation with tortuosity. These findings enable the formulation of quantitative formulas for permeability and displacement multiples within the studied block. Such insights prove instrumental in devising effective water injection development strategies, predicting dynamic reserves, and projecting water drive development for analogous unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs undergoing high water cut phases.
ACPSEM position paper: recommendations for a digital general X-ray quality assurance program
Authors: Ireland Timothy , Perdomo Amanda , Lee Kam L. , Jones Adam , Barnes Peter , Greig Thomas , Reynolds Susan E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis guideline has been prepared by the ACPSEM to provide a standardised quality assurance program to be used within General X-ray imaging environments. The guideline includes the responsibilities of various multidisciplinary team members within medical imaging facilities. It must be noted that the listed tests and testing frequencies are not intended to replace or become regulatory requirements. Implementing a quality assurance program as outlined in this position paper is there to ensure best practice for imaging facilities by providing a framework to establish and monitor correct equipment performance. The current document has been produced through an extensive review of current international practices and local experience within the Australasian healthcare environment. Due to the constant evolution of digital radiographic equipment, there is no current consensus in international quality assurance guidelines as they continue to be adapted and updated. This document describes the current state of the use of digital General X-ray equipment in the Australasian environment and provides recommendations of test procedures that may be best suited for the current medical imaging climate in Australasia. Due to the everchanging developments in the medical imaging environment and the ability of new technologies to perform more complex tasks it is believed that in the future this document will be further reviewed in the hopes of producing a more globally agreed upon standard quality assurance program. Any such adjustments that are deemed to be necessary to Version 1.0 of this document will be provided in electronic format on the ACPSEM website with a notification to all parties involved in the use of digital General X-ray equipment. This guideline does not provide detailed methodologies for all the quality control tests recommended as it is it is expected that the professionals implementing aspects of this quality assurance program have the working knowledge and access to appropriate resources to develop testing methodologies appropriate for their local imaging environment.
Xiaoyankangjun tablet alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by regulating gut microbiota and JAK2/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Yang Suqin , Huang Jingtao , Tan Wenjing , Xia Xiankun , Gan Dali , Ren Yalei , Su Hanwen , Xiang Meixian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractXiaoyankangjun tablet (XYKJP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formulation used to treat intestinal disorders in clinical practice. However, the specific therapeutic mechanism of action of XYKJP in colitis has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to reveal the multifaceted mechanisms of action of XYKJP in treating colitis. The model established based on DSS-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice was employed to estimate the effect of XYKJP on colitis, which was then followed by histological assessment, 16S rRNA sequencing, RT-qPCR, ELISA, and Western blot. XYKJP alleviated the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis mainly by reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and intestinal mucosal repair in colitis tissues. In addition, XYKJP regulated the intestinal flora by increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium and reducing the relative abundance of Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002. Mechanistically, XYKJP increased the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces, particularly propanoic acid and butyric acid, activated their specific receptor GPR43/41, furthermore activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and suppressed the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. XYKJP significantly alleviated the symptoms of experimental colitis and functioned synergistically by regulating the intestinal flora, increasing the production of SCFAs, and activating their specific receptors, thereby repressing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Graphical Abstract
Auditory Dysfunction After Head Trauma: Causes, Evaluation, and Treatment
Authors: Pomponio Maria K. , Roehm Pamela C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Hearing loss after traumatic brain injury is common but often overlooked. This article reviews the etiology, pathophysiology, treatment methods, and outcomes for patients with hearing loss after traumatic brain injury.

Recent Findings
Common symptoms after TBI include hearing loss, tinnitus, hyperacusis, and dizziness. Recent literature has shown that debilitating auditory dysfunction can manifest even after mild head trauma.

Summary
There is a wide range of otologic pathologies that can occur after head trauma. All etiologies can lead to auditory dysfunction which in some cases may be permanent.
From bytes to nephrons: AI’s journey in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Basuli Debargha , Kavcar Akil , Roy Sasmit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a significant complication of type 2 diabetes, posing a global health risk. Detecting and predicting diabetic kidney disease at an early stage is crucial for timely interventions and improved patient outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated promise in healthcare, and several tools have recently been developed that utilize Machine Learning with clinical data to detect and predict DKD. This review aims to explore the current landscape of AI and machine learning applications in DKD, specifically examining existing literature on risk scores and machine learning approaches for predicting DKD development. A literature search was conducted using Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, and Scopus databases until July 2023. Relevant keywords were used to extract studies that described the role of AI in DKD. The review revealed that AI and machine learning have been successfully used to predict DKD progression, outperforming traditional risk score models. Artificial intelligence-driven research for DKD extends beyond prediction models, offering opportunities for integrating genetic and epigenetic data, advancing understanding of the disease’s molecular basis, personalizing treatment strategies, and fostering the development of novel drugs. However, challenges remain, including the requirement for large datasets and the lack of standardization in AI-driven tools for DKD. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have the potential to revolutionize the management and care of DKD patients, surpassing the limitations of traditional methods reliant on existing knowledge. Future research should address the challenges associated with AI and machine learning in DKD and focus on developing AI-driven tools for clinical practice.
Graphical abstract
Differential Trial-Type Effects in an Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure: Extending the DAARRE Model
Authors: de Almeida Rodrigo Vianna , Barnes-Holmes Dermot , Leslie Julian C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe differential arbitrarily applicable relational responding effects (DAARRE) model explains two effects commonly observed with the implicit relational assessment procedure (IRAP): the single trial-type dominance effect (STTDE) and the dissonant-target trial-type effect (DTTTE). We sought to explore variables that modulate these effects. Forty-two participants who completed an IRAP met the practice criteria (median latency ≤ 2,000 ms and accuracy ≥ 80% correct) and thus proceeded to six test blocks of trials. The IRAP had four trial-types: trial-type 1: happy-face—happy-word; trial-type 2: happy-face—fear-word; trial-type 3: fear-face—happy-word; trial-type 4: fear-face—fear-word. Participants were randomly assigned to start with a consistent (respond True, False, False, True, respectively, to the four trial-types) or inconsistent (opposite responding) block. Difference (DIRAP) scores were calculated (inconsistent minus consistent latencies). A significantly larger DIRAP score was observed in trial-type 2 relative to trial-type 3 (a DTTTE), but only for participants who started with the inconsistent block. A “happiness superiority” STTDE (i.e., larger DIRAP score on trial-type 1 relative to trial-type 4) was observed, but only for participants who failed to maintain the criteria at the trial-type level (in any of the trial-types). Overall, the findings highlight the importance of distinguishing between the functional versus relational properties of the stimuli presented within an IRAP. The modulation of the DTTTE is interpreted in terms of functional coherence between the target and response option in inconsistent blocks. A novel data-analytic algorithm is presented to identify performance criteria violations at the trial-type level. The findings suggest that a greater focus is required in relational frame theory on the impact of the functional properties of stimuli on relational framing.
High-ratio planetary gearbox with EC gearing for robot applications
Authors: Landler Stefan , Otto Michael , Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Zimmermann Markus , Stahl Karsten 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe drive system of robots and robot-like systems (RLS) is often designed with a combination of an e-motor and a gearbox with a high transmission ratio to optimize performance. The various types of possible robot gearboxes can be selected based on their characteristics, which strongly influence the performance of the entire robotic system. Planetary gear drives have advantages due to their high efficiency and low design complexity. Disadvantageous is the low transmission ratio per stage and the resulting large design space required with the currently predominant involute gearing. Using special tooth profile shapes, such as the eccentric cycloid (EC) gearing, enables a high transmission ratio per stage to be achieved, thus reducing the design space required. In order to evaluate the design, a description of the geometry and characteristics of the EC gearing is necessary. The application-optimized design can be made accessible on an interdisciplinary basis using a suitable description language for the product development of the complete robotic system. The paper shows the design and analysis of a planetary gearbox with a high transmission ratio for applications in robotics. The planetary gear stage is designed with the EC gearing, which offers advantages compared to the involute gearing. The performance of the selected gearing is evaluated based on various characteristics. This allows advantages to be identified compared to the established types of transmission for robots and RLS. Overall, the paper presents a new robot gearbox with a comprehensive description and analysis directly accessible for simulation or production using additive manufacturing.
Developing a Semi-Supervised Strategy in Time Series Mapping of Wetland Covers: A Case Study of Zrebar Wetland, Iran
Authors: Shahabi Himan , Gholamnia Mehdi , Mohammadi Jahanbakhsh , Paryani Sina , Neshat Aminreza , Shirzadi Ataollah , Shahid Shamsuddin , Ghanbari Ronak , Malakyar Farzad , Clague John J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWetlands, essential for Earth’s health, ecological balance, and local economies, require accurate monitoring and assessment for effective conservation. Data-driven models based on remote sensing are highly capable of monitoring the status and classification of wetlands. This study developed a semi-supervised framework for mapping wetland covers in Zrebar, Iran, using Landsat time series data from 1984 to 2022. A pixel purification technique was applied to the temporal candidate images to refine the initial training data (conventional scenario) and generate purified training data (proposed scenario). The Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm was utilized to classify the land cover within the wetland, and the accuracy of the two scenarios was evaluated and compared. Over the study period, the analysis of land cover changes within Zrebar Wetland revealed significant spatial and temporal changes in soil and farmland, reed, and water from 1984 to 2022. The omission error rates for the classes soil and farmland, reed, and water were decreased from 0.14, 0.14, and 0.12 for scenario 1 to 0.03, 0.05, and 0.05 for scenario 2, respectively. In addition, the commission error for these classes decreased from 0.13, 0.18, and 0.09 for scenario 1 to 0.04, 0.06, and 0.04 after applying the filtered training data in the scenario 2. Finally, the overall accuracy of the initial training data (scenario 1) and the filtered training data (scenario 2) were 0.86 and 0.94, respectively. These results underscore the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in enhancing the accuracy of land cover classification within the wetland over time, highlighting its potential for future wetland conservation efforts.