bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequence comparison of spoiled gradient echo and balanced steady‐state free precession for pulmonary free‐breathing proton MRI in patients and healthy volunteers: Correspondence, repeatability, and validation with dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI
Authors: Hahn Jonah J. , Voskrebenzev Andreas , Behrendt Lea , Klimeš Filip , Pöhler Gesa H. , Wacker Frank , Vogel‐Claussen Jens 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhase‐resolved functional lung (PREFUL) MRI is a proton‐based, contrast agent‐free technique derived from the Fourier decomposition approach to measure regional ventilation and perfusion dynamics during free‐breathing. Besides the necessity of extensive PREFUL postprocessing, the utilized MRI sequence must fulfill specific requirements. This study investigates the impact of sequence selection on PREFUL‐MRI–derived functional parameters by comparing the standard spoiled gradient echo (SPGRE) sequence with a lung‐optimized balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) sequence, thereby facilitating PREFULs clinical application in pulmonary disease assessment. This study comprised a prospective dataset of healthy volunteers and a retrospective dataset of patients with suspected chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Both cohorts underwent PREFUL‐MRI with both sequences to assess the correspondence of PREFUL ventilation and perfusion parameters (A). Additionally, healthy subjects were scanned a second time to evaluate repeatability (B), whereas patients received dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐MRI, considered the perfusion gold standard for comparison with PREFUL‐MRI (C). Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), calculated from the unprocessed images, was compared alongside median differences of PREFUL‐MRI–derived parameters using a paired Wilcoxon signed rank test. Further evaluations included calculation of the Pearson correlation, intraclass‐correlation coefficient for repeatability assessment, and spatial overlap (SO) for regional comparison of PREFUL‐MRI and DCE‐MRI. bSSFP showed a clear SNR advantage over SPGRE (median: 23 vs. 9, p < 0.001). (A) Despite significant differences, parameter values were strongly correlated (r ≥ 0.75). After thresholding, binary maps showed high healthy overlap across both cohorts (SOHealthy > 86%) and high defect overlap in the patient cohort (SODefect ≥ 48%). (B) bSSFP demonstrated slightly higher repeatability across most parameters. (C) Both sequences demonstrated comparable correspondence to DCE‐MRI, with SPGRE excelling in absolute quantification and bSSFP in spatial agreement. Although bSSFP showed superior SNR results, both sequences displayed spatial defect concordance and highly correlated PREFUL parameters with deviations regarding repeatability and alignment with DCE‐MRI.
Parenteral nutrition compatibility and stability: Practical considerations
Authors: Boullata Joseph I. , Salman Genene , Mirtallo Jay M. , Canada Todd W. , Monczka Jessica , Gura Kathleen M. , Kiritsy Paul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractParenteral nutrition (PN) is a complex preparation that contains multiple component products with the associated risk for incompatibilities and diminished stabilities when combined together as an admixture. Significant patient harm can result from prescribing, preparing, and administering PN without confirming compatibility and stability. Incompatibility or instability is rarely obvious to the unaided eye, so safe PN admixture relies on incorporating physicochemical properties of the included components into compatibility and stability decisions. Practices include applying active ingredient concentration limits to reduce risk for incompatibilities and instabilities. The purpose of the current article is to distill the wide‐ranging information on PN compatibility and stability into a feasible blueprint that individual healthcare organizations can then use to design and implement practical initiatives. Compatibility and stability considerations can be incorporated into the routine tasks of PN prescribing, order reviewing, preparing, and administering. The focus of this review is on identifying potential physicochemical interactions that can be addressed at each step in the PN use process. Organizations should incorporate compatibility and stability considerations into the routine procedures and practices of all clinicians involved with PN therapy. Those clinicians in healthcare organizations and caregivers in the home should then be in a position to safely provide the appropriate PN admixtures in terms of compatibility and stability.
Testing the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of Meaningful Activity for Managing Behavioral Symptoms of Distress (MAC‐4‐BSD) intervention for residents with dementia in assisted living: Protocol description
Authors: Holmes Sarah D. , Scherr Susan , O'Brien Erin , Levy Sorah , Gurlu Merve , Zhu Shijun , Galik Elizabeth , Resnick Barbara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this manuscript is to describe the protocol for an Alzheimer's Association‐funded cluster randomized trial that focuses on engaging assisted living residents with dementia in meaningful activity to help address their behavioral symptoms of distress using a theoretically based approach, Meaningful Activity for Managing Behavioral Symptoms of Distress (MAC‐4‐BSD). The development of MAC‐4‐BSD was based on the Social Ecological Model and Social Cognitive Theory. The MAC‐4‐BSD intervention includes the following four steps: (1) Assessment of the assisted living physical environment and policies to facilitate meaningful activity; (2) Education of staff about implementation of meaningful activity; (3) Assessment of resident preferences and goals for meaningful activity; (4) Mentoring and motivating staff and residents to facilitate engagement in meaningful activity. The overall aim of this study will be to determine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of implementing the MAC‐4‐BSD intervention and test whether it will improve residents' engagement in meaningful activity, behavioral symptoms of distress, and quality of life as well as the environment and policies to promote meaningful activity in assisted living.
Real‐time visual tracking design for an unmanned aerial vehicle in cluttered environments
Authors: Liang Juntao , Yi Peng , Li Wei , Zuo Jiaxuan , Zhu Bo , Wang Yong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) are widely used in various fields, and autonomous tracking of UGV by UAV can significantly improve the collaborative capability and operational range of unmanned systems. In order to realize autonomous UAV tracking in complex and cluttered scenarios, this paper presents a vision‐based tracking system for UAV tracking UGV, integrating a visual target tracking model based on deep learning with a local path planning methodology. The system includes a deep learning‐based tracker, a state machine, and an obstacle avoidance planning algorithm. In addition, to improve the robustness of UAV onboard tracking, we introduce a lightweight tracking algorithm based on MobileNetV2 network, which ensures the tracking performance while improving the operation speed. Through real‐world experiments, it is demonstrated that our system can realize autonomous target tracking in cluttered environments without prior information. The proposed tracker exhibits a success rate of 61.7% on the UAV123 dataset and achieves a tracking speed of 45 frames per second (fps) on the NVIDIA Jetson TX2, demonstrating significant advancements in real‐time, efficient unmanned tracking technologies.
Exploring the influence of native minerals in coal gangue on CG/PE composite manufacturing and performance: Examining SiO2's role in interfacial compatibility
Authors: Li Chao , Liao Hongqiang , Gao Hongyu , Cheng Fangqin , Zhang Nong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the influence of inherent minerals within coal gangue (CG) on the preparation and performance of coal gangue /polyethylene (CG/PE) composites, focusing on the role of SiO2 in interfacial compatibility. A systematic examination unveils the consequences of varying SiO2 content on physical, mechanical, thermal, and microstructural attributes of the composites. SiO2 incorporation significantly improves physical properties, boosting density and hardness but impacting tensile strength negatively. It enhances bending strength and modulus while diminishing tensile strength. Judicious SiO2 addition enhances thermal stability, but excess SiO2 may compromise thermal decomposition. Microstructural analysis, including SEM and FTIR, elucidates SiO2‐PE interactions, primarily through physical entanglement. SiO2 introduction promotes more ordered PE molecular chain arrangements, elevating composite crystallinity. In summary, this study provides in‐depth insights into SiO2's mechanistic impact on CG/PE composite properties, laying a robust foundation for designing environmentally friendly composites. These findings hold promise for advancing sustainable materials science and engineering. Future research may explore SiO2 optimization for specific applications and synergistic effects with other fillers in composites.Highlights
SiO2 greatly improves the properties of CG/PE composites with detailed exploration.
Reveals the specific SiO2‐PE interaction mechanism for a better comprehension.
Performs structural analysis via XRD with valuable findings presented.
Promotes pioneering advancements in eco‐friendly materials with broad significance.
Accuracy of fetal fraction measurements in a single‐nucleotide polymorphism‐based noninvasive prenatal test
Authors: Benn Peter , Zhang Jingwen , Lyons Daniel , Xu Wenbo , Leonard Samantha , Demko Zachary 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundNoninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for fetal aneuploidy relies on the analysis of fetoplacental cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) found in maternal plasma. A minimum cfDNA fetal fraction (FF) is required for reliable test performance, but some methods may have suboptimal accuracy for FF measurement. This study investigated the accuracy of a single‐nucleotide polymorphism‐ (SNP‐) based NIPT method to assess FF.MethodsFF measurements using SNP‐based NIPT in consecutive samples from singleton male pregnancies were compared with FF measured using a “gold standard” Y‐chromosome method.ResultsIn a cohort of 106,846 samples, the SNP‐based FF method showed a standard deviation (SD) of 0.42%. Compared to the Y chromosome FF method, a correlation coefficient, r, of 0.995, and bias of 0.17% were observed. The SD was not substantially different across specific FF ranges or for samples with high‐risk NIPT results.ConclusionsThe SNP‐based NIPT method estimates FF with good accuracy, with a SD three to eight times better than other NIPT methods (0.42% vs. 1.3%–3.4%). FF is an important quality control parameter and should be routinely reported as part of NIPT.
Class‐specific data augmentation for plant stress classification
Authors: Saleem Nasla , Balu Aditya , Jubery Talukder Zaki , Singh Arti , Singh Asheesh K. , Sarkar Soumik , Ganapathysubramanian Baskar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractData augmentation is a powerful tool for improving deep learning‐based image classifiers for plant stress identification and classification. However, selecting an effective set of augmentations from a large pool of candidates remains a key challenge, particularly in imbalanced and confounding datasets. We propose an approach for automated class‐specific data augmentation using a genetic algorithm. We demonstrate the utility of our approach on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] stress classification where symptoms are observed on leaves; a particularly challenging problem due to confounding classes in the dataset. Our approach yields substantial performance, achieving a mean‐per‐class accuracy of 97.61% and an overall accuracy of 98% on the soybean leaf stress dataset. Our method significantly improves the accuracy of the most challenging classes, with notable enhancements from 83.01% to 88.89% and from 85.71% to 94.05%, respectively. A key observation we make in this study is that high‐performing augmentation strategies can be identified in a computationally efficient manner. We fine‐tune only the linear layer of the baseline model with different augmentations, thereby reducing the computational burden associated with training classifiers from scratch for each augmentation policy while achieving exceptional performance. This research represents an advancement in automated data augmentation strategies for plant stress classification, particularly in the context of confounding datasets. Our findings contribute to the growing body of research in tailored augmentation techniques and their potential impact on disease management strategies, crop yields, and global food security. The proposed approach holds the potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of deep learning‐based tools for managing plant stresses in agriculture.
Phase 1 pharmacokinetic and safety study of soticlestat in participants with mild or moderate hepatic impairment or normal hepatic function
Authors: Yin Wei , Mitra Pranab , Copalu Veronique , Marbury Thomas C. , Rondon Juan Carlos , Lawitz Eric J. , Lloyd Valerie , Baratta Mike , Asgharnejad Mahnaz , Hui Tom , Khan Yasir 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis phase 1, open‐label, three‐arm study (NCT05098054) compared the pharmacokinetics and safety of soticlestat (TAK‐935) in participants with hepatic impairment. Participants aged ≥18 to <75 years had moderate (Child‐Pugh B) or mild (Child‐Pugh A) hepatic impairment or normal hepatic function (matched to hepatic‐impaired participants by sex, age, and body mass index). Soticlestat was administered as a single oral 300 mg dose. Pharmacokinetic parameters of soticlestat and its metabolites TAK‐935‐G (M3) and M‐I were assessed and compared by group. The incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and other safety parameters were also monitored. The pharmacokinetic analyses comprised 35 participants. Participants with moderate hepatic impairment had lower proportions of bound and higher proportions of unbound soticlestat than participants with mild hepatic impairment and normal hepatic function. Total plasma soticlestat pharmacokinetic parameters (maximum observed concentration [Cmax], area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to time of last quantifiable concentration [AUClast], and AUC from time 0 to infinity [AUC∞]) were approximately 115%, 216%, and 199% higher with moderate and approximately 45%, 35%, and 30% higher with mild hepatic impairment, respectively, than healthy matched participants. Moderate hepatic impairment decreased the liver's ability to metabolize soticlestat to M‐I; glucuronidation to M3 was also affected. Mild hepatic impairment resulted in a lower total plasma M‐I exposure, but glucuronidation was unaffected. TEAEs were similar across study arms, mild, and no new safety findings were observed. A soticlestat dose reduction is required for individuals with moderate but not mild hepatic impairment.
Assessment of non‐target toxicity of insecticides on Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering) in laboratory and field conditions
Authors: Fellin Lorenzo , Dal Zotto Giovanni , Lisi Fabrizio , Chiesa Serena Giorgia , Saddi Alberto , Fusillo Matteo , Anfora Gianfranco , Biondi Antonio , Mori Nicola , Rossi Stacconi Marco Valerio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundG1 strain Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering) has been recently released in both Europe and America as a biological control agent of the spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura). In initial phases of classical biological control programs, it becomes imperative to evaluate the susceptibility of parasitoids to insecticides, to identify the best alternatives to adopt in an integrated pest management and organic perspective. In this study, we evaluated lethal and sublethal effects of topical application of five different insecticides classes: neonicotinoids, diamides, pyrethroids, organophosphates and spinosyns. Additionally, we tested residual toxicity in field trials in vineyards and sweet cherry orchards.ResultsAdult wasps' susceptibility to different insecticides' classes were consistent between laboratory and field. Spinosad exhibited the highest toxicity, with a median lethal concentration (LC50) of 0.00372 of the maximum field dose, and the highest knock‐down effect in field trials, causing 92.5 ± 5% of mortality at T0. λ‐cyhalothrin showed sublethal effects on both male and female insects' longevity when applied at LC30. In field trials, deltamethrin showed the highest persistence, causing significant parasitoid mortality up to 14 days after treatment. Conversely, cyantraniliprole was the least toxic active ingredient according to both topical and residual bioassays, even though its residues caused mortality up to 7 days after the treatment in the field.ConclusionOur results indicate that spinosad and λ‐cyhalothrin are highly toxic to G. brasiliensis, making them incompatible with classical biological control programs. Cyantraniliprole exhibited lower toxicity, and may be considered a selective pesticide for the integrated management of D. suzukii. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Persistence of widespread moderate Spinosad resistance among wild melon fly (Zeugodacus cucurbitae) and oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) populations on the major Hawaiian islands
Authors: Stockton Dara G. , Kraft Laura , Dombrowski Patricia , Doucette Laura , Bosch Michael , Gutierrez‐Coarite Rosemary , Manandhar Roshan , Uyeda Jensen , Silva Joshua , Hawkins Jennifer , Shikano Ikkei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsecticide resistance among invasive tephritid fruit flies poses a great risk to national food security and has the potential to disrupt quarantine and eradication programs, which rely on the efficacy of Spinosad to prevent widespread establishment in North America. During 2022 to 2023 we surveyed the extent of Spinosad resistance of two key species, oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis, and melon fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae, from 20 sites across five Hawaiian Islands including Kaua'i, O'ahu, Maui, Molokai and the “Big Island” (Hawai'i).RESULTSWe used topical thoracic applications of eight concentrations of Spinosad ranging from 0.028 to 3.6 mg/mL to evaluate the lethal concentration (LC50 and LC99) required to kill wild‐caught males. Resistance ratios (RR) were calculated by comparing the LC50 of wild flies to laboratory susceptible lines maintained in colony. Our results identified at least two new sites of concern for melon fly resistance on the Big Island, and at least four sites of concern for oriental fruit fly, all of which were located on the Big Island. At these locations RRs were >5. On O'ahu, melon fly RRs were >10.CONCLUSIONSThe persistence of Spinosad resistance is concerning, yet it is a reduction compared to the values reported previously and before changes to Spinosad use recommendations by local extension agents beginning in 2017. For oriental fruit fly, these RR values are the highest levels that have been detected in wild Hawai'i populations. These data suggest that expanded Spinosad reduction and replacement programs are warranted given the ongoing issues with Spinosad resistance in Hawai'i and expansion in the number of species affected. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Repellency, toxicity, and physiological actions of low molecular weight basic amines in mosquitoes
Authors: Yang Liu , Demares Fabien , Norris Edmund J. , Bloomquist Jeffrey R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the behavioral responses and toxicity of three basic amines: 1‐methylpiperazine, 1‐methylpyrrolidine, and triethylamine (TEA), compounds suggested previously to be anosmic in vapor exposures to caged mosquitoes.RESULTSThese compounds showed repellency of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, followed by flightlessness, knockdown, and paralysis, all increasing with exposure time and dosage. Electrophysiological experiments showed a blocking effect on nerve discharge of the Drosophila melanogaster larval central nervous system (CNS) with little evidence of hyperexcitation. Blockage of voltage‐gated (Kv2) potassium channel currents under patch clamp occurred at similar concentrations. Involvement of K+ channels in the action of basic amines was supported by behavior and CNS recordings of a Shaker Kv1 mutant exposed to TEA, where instead of blockage, a hyperexcitation of nerve firing was observed. Experiments on cockroach leg mechanoreceptors demonstrated neuronal excitation and on mosquito antennae strong electroantennogram (EAG) signals with an augmentation of blank air responses after a single puff of basic amine.CONCLUSIONSThe neurophysiological effects of basic amines are consistent with K+ channel block, whereas the antennal EAG response was not obviously associated with anosmia. The low‐dose effects of basic amines appear to be repellency and bradykinesia. Overall, the findings provide key insights into the mechanisms underlying the biological activity of basic amines. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Unveiling the energetic complexity of noncovalent interactions in halogenated dimers
Authors: Liu Fang , Du Likai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe understanding of noncovalent interactions is crucial in explaining critical phenomena such as self‐assembly, chemical reactivity, and crystallization. This work examines the energetic diversity of conformations and local minima for several halogenated dimers, represented as R‐X (R = H, F, CH3, CF3; X = Cl, Br, I). Thousands of configurations are randomly generated and refined through geometric optimizations to yield a diverse set of molecular conformers. Frequency calculations were performed for all optimized conformers to confirm that they are local minima. The noncovalent interactions in optimized dimers of halogen‐containing molecules were analyzed with atom in molecules (AIM) method and symmetry‐adapted perturbation theory (SAPT). Additionally, a protocol for generating machine learning models to recover accurate predictions of the physically meaningful SAPT energy components with minor computational cost is presented. These results deepen our understanding of the intricate energy balance and dedicated equilibrium of different noncovalent interactions in halogenated dimers.