bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile metabolic reprogramming distinguishes mycobacterial adaptation to hypoxia and starvation: ketosis drives starvation-induced persistence in M. bovis BCG
Authors: Davis Nick K. , Chionh Yok Hian , McBee Megan E. , Hia Fabian , Ma Duanduan , Cui Liang , Sharaf Mariam Lucila , Cai Weiling Maggie , Jumpathong Watthanachai , Levine Stuart S. , Alonso Sylvie , Dedon Peter C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMycobacteria adapt to infection stresses by entering a reversible non-replicating persistence (NRP) with slow or no cell growth and broad antimicrobial tolerance. Hypoxia and nutrient deprivation are two well-studied stresses commonly used to model the NRP, yet little is known about the molecular differences in mycobacterial adaptation to these distinct stresses that lead to a comparable NRP phenotype. Here we performed a multisystem interrogation of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG) starvation response, which revealed a coordinated metabolic shift away from the glycolysis of nutrient-replete growth to depletion of lipid stores, lipolysis, and fatty acid ß-oxidation in NRP. This contrasts with BCG’s NRP hypoxia response involving a shift to cholesterol metabolism and triglyceride storage. Our analysis reveals cryptic metabolic vulnerabilities of the starvation-induced NRP state, such as their newfound hypersensitivity to H2O2. These observations pave the way for developing precision therapeutics against these otherwise drug refractory pathogens.
A sentinel watching over inter-tidal seagrass phenology across Western Europe and North Africa
Authors: Davies Bede Ffinian Rowe , Oiry Simon , Rosa Philippe , Zoffoli Maria Laura , Sousa Ana I. , Thomas Oliver R. , Smale Dan A. , Austen Melanie C. , Biermann Lauren , Attrill Martin J. , Roman Alejandro , Navarro Gabriel , Barillé Anne-Laure , Harin Nicolas , Clewley Daniel , Martinez-Vicente Victor , Gernez Pierre , Barillé Laurent 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSeagrasses are marine flowering plants that form extensive meadows from the inter-tidal zone up to ~50 m depth. As biological and ecological Essential Biodiversity Variables, seagrass cover and composition provide a wide range of ecosystem services. Inter-tidal seagrass meadows provide services to many ecosystems, so monitoring their occurrence, extent, condition and diversity can be used to indicate the biodiversity and health of local ecosystems. Current global estimates of seagrass extent and recent reviews either do not mention inter-tidal seagrasses and their seasonal variation, or combine them with sub-tidal seagrasses. Here, using high-spatial and high-temporal resolution satellite data (Sentinel-2), we demonstrate a method for consistently mapping inter-tidal seagrass meadows and their phenology at a continental scale. We were able to highlight varying seasonal patterns that are observable across a 23° latitudinal range. Timings of peaks in seagrass extent varied by up to 5 months, rather than the previously assumed marginal to non-existent variation in peak timing. These results will aid management by providing high-resolution spatio-temporal monitoring data to better inform seagrass conservation and restoration. They also highlight the high level of seasonal variability in inter-tidal seagrass, meaning combination with sub-tidal seagrass for global assessments will likely produce misleading or incorrect estimates.
Aridity threshold of ecological restoration mitigated atmospheric drought via land‒atmosphere coupling in drylands
Authors: Zhang Yu , Feng Xiaoming , Zhou Chaowei , Sun Chuanlian , Leng Xuejing , Fu Bojie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLand‒atmosphere coupling intensifies the vulnerability of ecosystems in drylands. However, whether and how ecological restoration would modify the land‒atmosphere coupling across drylands remains unclear. To address these gaps, here we use structural equation model to separate two pathways of land‒atmosphere coupling: vegetation and soil moisture pathways, and investigate the effect of ecological restoration in China’s drylands on land‒atmosphere coupling. Analysis reveals that, land‒atmosphere coupling regulates approximately 30% of atmospheric drought, among which soil moisture pathway contributes twice as much as vegetation pathway. Vegetation greening mitigates atmospheric drought in areas where the aridity index ranges from 0.3 to 0.5, while soil drying exacerbates atmospheric drought in areas where the aridity index ranges from 0.5 to 0.65. The findings identify the optimal regions where ecological restoration helps alleviate the vulnerability of ecosystems under anthropogenic warming. Additionally, the proposed method enhances the understanding of how restored ecosystems contribute to mitigating atmospheric drought.
In vitro colon fermentation behaviors of Ca2+ cross-linked guluronic acid block from sodium alginate
Authors: Yuan Dan , Xiao Wenqian , Gao Ao , Lu Wei , Gao Zhiming , Hu Bing , Wu Yuehan , Jiang Wenxin , Li Yanlei 
Published: July 2024

Degradation patterns of the “granules” and “networks”. The “granule” with a high “porous density” further restricted the degradation of Bacteroides xylanisolvens against the GB, in comparison to the “networks” with a low “porous density”.
Chronicles of the midnight strain: Exploring graveyard shift stress and its impact on employee burnout in call centers
Authors: Saiyed Sahilali , Shih I-Tung , Urooj Bushra , Hariyadi Eko , Chiou Kuo-Ching 
Published: July 2024

This study, titled “Chronicles of the Midnight Strain: Exploring Graveyard Shift Stress and Its Impact on Employee Burnout in Call Centers,” delves into the intricate relationship between the demanding nature of graveyard shift work in call centers and its potential consequences on employee burnout. The research adopts a comprehensive approach, investigating various factors such as electronic performance monitoring, job demands, physiological indicators, and the role of lifestyle factors in cardiovascular health.
Drawing from a vast array of literature, the study explores the causal links and mechanisms of action, emphasizing the significant role of sleep disruption and circadian rhythm desynchronization in contributing to cardiovascular disease among shift workers. Additionally, it considers the impact of stress, working hours, and dietary patterns on the overall well- being of employees working during the unconventional hours of the night. The study reviews existing theories proposing connections between shiftwork, sleep loss, and cardiovascular diseases. It scrutinizes factors like inflammation, blood coagulation, cardiac autonomic function, and the interplay between stress-related hormones and cardiovascular health. Multiple hypotheses are examined, including the influence of a stressful work environment, disturbed sleep on the immune system, and lifestyle factors such as dietary habits and substance use.
Despite over two decades of continuous research, the findings in this area remain inconclusive regarding the precise role of shiftwork in cardiovascular disease. The study aims to contribute valuable insights into mitigating the potential adverse effects of graveyard shift stress on employee burnout in call centers, providing a foundation for further research and the development of targeted interventions.
Synthesis and Aggregation-Induced Emission Properties of New Carbazole-Based Pyranones and their Ring-Transformed Derivatives
Authors: Vats Ravi Prakash , Pandey Priyanka , Goel Atul , Gupta Shashwat , Gupta Suchitra , Pal Shyamal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA new series of N-phenyl-carbazole (N-phCbz) appended pyranones were designed and synthesized using α-oxo-ketene-S,S-acetal under mild reaction conditions in good yields. The reactivity of donor-acceptor (D-A)-based 2H-pyranones was utilized to develop their ring-transformed benzene-cored N-phenyl-carbazole derivatives. All the synthesized carbazole-based pyranones showed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics in 80–99% water fraction (f
w) in DMSO. Among all the synthesized compounds, 6-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-4-(methylthio)-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-carbonitrile exhibited excellent AIE behavior with ca. 70-fold increase in fluorescence in 80% fw
at 550nm. Furthermore, this compound showed exceptionally high fluorescence in nonpolar solvent (THF) as compared to polar solvents such as DMSO (ca. 200-fold increase in fluorescence). The DFT, DSC, and TGA analyses of the synthesized D-π-A compounds suggested the strong electron-donor ability of N-phCbz, with good thermal stability in the range of 231–393 °C. These N-phenyl-carbazole-appended pyranones with interesting AIE properties have great potential as probes for bioimaging applications as well as for optoelectronic materials.
Assessment of Vertical Force Generated with Single File Systems during Shaping of Constricted Root Canals
Authors: Alfadley Abdulmohsen , Jamleh Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the shaping force generated with OneShape (OS) and HyFlex EDM (HEDM) systems designed for single file shaping, in comparison with ProTaper Next (PTN).
Materials and Methods Maxillary premolar teeth received access cavity preparation and their canals were shaped with OS, HEDM, or PTN to size 25 according to manufacturer's instructions with consistent pressure on the files to give a gentle “in-and-out” movements of 2 mm amplitude. The canal shaping was completed with a total of three insertions. After each insertion, 1% NaOCl irrigation and recapitulation with K-file size 15 were performed. The vertical shaping force was measured using a force gauge (M5-20 Advanced Digital Force Gauge; Mark-10 Corporation, NY).
Statistical Analysis The shaping time was analyzed by using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and differences between the mean apical and coronal maximum force values were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests. The level of significance was set as 0.05.
Results The magnitude of the vertical forces increased with successive advancements of the instruments within the canal. During canal shaping procedures in all groups, the apical and coronal maximum force values of the OS and HEDM ranged from 2.5 to 7.2 N and 1.3 to 2.9 N, respectively. PTN generated the lowest maximum apical forces during the second and third insertions (p < 0.05). HEDM generated significantly less maximum coronal forces than both OS and PTN during the first insertion while the use of OS was associated with the highest amount of force values in the second and third insertions (p < 0.05). In terms of shaping time, no significant differences were detected among the three tested systems (p = 0.606).
Conclusion The tested single file systems were associated with higher shaping forces in the apical direction that were significant in the second and third insertions.
The Protective Role Antioxidant of Vitamin C in the Prevention of oral Disease: A Scoping Review of Current Literature
Authors: Rosa Alessio , Pujia Alberto Maria , Arcuri Claudio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis review meticulously examined the connection between vitamin C and periodontal disease, as well as the potential of vitamin C to prevent this condition. To gather relevant data, comprehensive electronic searches were conducted across various databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, focusing on studies that explored the relationship between vitamin C and periodontal disease in individuals aged between 18 and above. From an initial pool of 421 articles, 14 were ultimately chosen for detailed analysis. This selection encompassed seven cross-sectional studies, two case–control studies, two cohort studies, and three randomized controlled trials. The analysis of these studies revealed a consistent negative association between vitamin C intake, as well as its levels in the blood, and the incidence of periodontal disease across all seven cross-sectional studies. This indicates that higher vitamin C intake and blood levels are linked to a decreased risk of developing periodontal disease. In the two case–control studies, individuals suffering from periodontitis were found to have both a lower intake of vitamin C and reduced levels of vitamin C in their blood compared to those without the disease, further underscoring the potential protective role of vitamin C against periodontal disease. The progression of periodontal disease was observed to be more rapid in patients with lower dietary intake or blood levels of vitamin C compared to controls. Regarding the effects of vitamin C administration as an intervention, there was an improvement noted in gingival bleeding among patients with gingivitis; however, no significant benefits were observed in cases of periodontitis, specifically concerning alveolar bone absorption. Through the meticulous examination of available studies, this systematic review underscores the notion that adequate vitamin C intake and maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin C in the blood can contribute significantly to reducing the risk of periodontal disease.
The role of sub-national actors in coordinative Europeanisation: insights from the digitalisation of asylum services
Authors: Wolff Sarah , Zardo Federica 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCoordinative Europeanisation is a powerful frame to explain the rapid response of EU institutions in times of permanent emergency. So far, though, little is known about sub-national actors’ role in this process. Moving away from a state-centric approach, this article investigates the role of sub-national actors through the case study of the digital provision of services to asylum seekers. Given the field’s high salience and state-centric nature, this article elucidates the critical role of European sub-national actors, particularly at the municipality level, to accelerate the digital provision of services to refugees. Comparing 3 European cities (Paris, Palermo and Malaga), we argue that sub-national actors can play a role in coordinative Europeanisation and that 2 main mechanisms may enable it. In the cases observed, discursive coordination around humanitarian duty facilitated the emergence of similar digital solutions across countries. Subsequently, horizontal and vertical networking was used by sub-national actors to legitimise their actions and enhance their anchoring in processes of coordinative Europeanisation.
Transformative impact of atmospheric cold plasma on mung bean seeds: Unveiling surface characteristics, physicochemical alterations, and enhanced germination potential
Authors: Jangra Sushma , Mishra Abhijit , Mishra Ritesh , Pandey Shikha , Prakash Ram 
Published: July 2024

This work investigates the impact of a new geometry Atmospheric Cold-Plasma (ACP) system on mung bean (Vigna radiata) seed germination and seedling growth. Plasma is produced using a bipolar pulse power source, providing superior control of the generated species. A substantial increase in germination rates (86.67%–91.67%) and optimal seedling growth after 40 s of treatment is reported. The functional and morphological features have shown improvements. Plasma treatment significantly increases the specific surface area (7.695 m2/g) and total pore volume (0.007 cc/g) of the seeds compared to the control (2.214 m2/g and 0.001 cc/g, respectively), suggesting potential enhancements in water absorption and nutrient exchange. Radicle growth stimulation is also observed without alterations in the seed’s chemical structure. These findings highlight the potential of the ACP system for enhancing mung bean sprout germination and seedling development, which is helpful for agriculture applications.
Parameter setting in multilingual children with special reference to acceleration in French
Authors: Müller Natascha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Linguistic theorizing has revised the switch metaphor of parameters as being part of Universal
Grammar. Within an epigenetic approach to language (Biberauer et al., 2014;
Roberts, 2019), parameters result from the interaction of innate
(linguistic) knowledge and universal non-language-specific cognitive optimization strategies, which are set in
relation to the child’s experience. Languages vary at different levels of granularity (Baker, 2014), which is expressed in a parameter taxonomy, more particularly in parameter
hierarchies (Roberts, 2019) distinguishing macro-, meso-, micro-, and
nanoparameters (Biberauer et al., 2014). In the context of multilingualism,
Mac Swan (2000) has argued that some components of the architecture of
the language faculty are duplicated in multilingual children, while others are not. Parameter hierarchies, defined as
previously, belong to the non-duplicated components. Therefore, multilingual children set the parameters
simultaneously for all their different languages at the relevant level of variation. Taken together, these assumptions
can account for acceleration effects exceeding monolingual limits in multilingual French as a non-null-subject
language, if (one of) the other language(s) is a null-subject language like Italian or Spanish for example. The
results reported come from longitudinal studies of balanced as well as unbalanced multilingual children during early
stages of language development (from 1;6 until the age of 5) and cross-sectional studies of multilingual children at
similar ages.
The view of meaning from a “postclassical” perspective
Authors: Glebkin Vladimir 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, a number of scholars have expressed doubts about the productivity of the concept ofmeaningand its associated methodology for modern lexical semantics. This article aims to examine the current situation by comparing it with the process of transition from classical to quantum physics. Empirical data that challenge classical interpretations are briefly analyzed in a special section, whilst the subsequent sections address alternative theories that propose new methodological frameworks. Particular attention is paid to the ad hoc СС & Ms theory developed by Daniel Casasanto and colleagues, though Hans-Jörg Schmid’s Entrenchment-and-Conventionalization Model and the Motivation & Sedimentation Model formulated by Jordan Zlatev and colleagues are also touched upon. In the final section, frame semantics, as presented by Charles Fillmore, is revisited, with a focus on his dichotomy of U-semantics and T-semantics. A significant result of the analysis of Fillmore’s perspectives is the assertion that the concept offramein Fillmore’s construal can serve as an alternative to the concept ofmeaningin its classical interpretation.
On the properties of ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs)/NiO heterostructure prepared by double chemical bath deposition
Authors: Mwankemwa Benard S , Mwakyusa Lwitiko P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We report on the ZnONRs and ZnONRs/NiO heterostructure synthesized by the chemical bath deposition technique. The samples were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and UV–vis spectroscopy techniques. XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and SEM analysis revealed the formation of ZnONRs/NiO heterostructure. Raman spectra showed a decrease in intensity of low-frequency non-polar and active (E
2 (low)) vibrational mode when NiO is deposited onto ZnONRs. The PL spectra revealed ultraviolet and visible emission bands, whose intensities decreased when NiO grew onto ZnONRs. The Au/NiO/ZnONRs/FTO heterostructure Schottky diode performed better than the Au/ZnONRs/FTO Schottky diode. The Au/NiO/ZnONRs/FTO heterojunction demonstrated a current rectification ratio of 3.03 × 102 at ± 2 V and a forward current of 1.51 × 10−3 A, which is higher than that of Au/ZnONRs/FTO having a rectification ratio of 6.79 × 101 at ± 2 V and a forward current of 1.651 × 10−5 A.
High-efficiency polarization-selective two-dimensional diffraction gratings based on silver cuboid arrays
Authors: Zou Jiaqi , Fang Jimin , Liu Tingyu , Wang Manzhuo , Sun Xiaoqiang , Wu Yuanda , Zhang Da-Ming 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A two-dimensional (2D) diffraction grating based on silver cuboid arrays is demonstrated. With the structural optimization by three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain method, the proposed grating exhibits favorable polarization selectivity. At wavelength 1550 nm, high diffraction efficiency and polarization correlation can be realized in the case of two-port output ((0, ±1) or (±1, 0)) under TE polarization, as well as five-port output ((0, 0), (0, ±1) and (±1, 0)) under TM polarization. Under the two-port output state, the diffraction efficiency is nearly 48% with the extinction ratio of 16.44 dB and insertion loss of 0.20 dB. Under the five-port output status, the efficiency is larger than 19% for each diffraction order, meanwhile, the total efficiency and uniformity are 97% and 0.58%, respectively. The proposed grating with positive implications has good potentials in polarization multiplexing and polarization-correlated grating interferometry.
Comparative study of the structural, magnetic and electrical properties of cuprous delafossites CuBO2(B = Zn, Mn and Er) prepared using the flash auto-combustion technique
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E , Soliman Fatma S , Morsy Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The flash auto-combustion method was utilized to produce Cu-based delafossites of CuBO2 (B = Zn, Mn, and Er). x-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to verify the phase formation, surface morphology, and oxidation states of the synthesized delafossite samples. The crystallite sizes were determined to be 43, 16.76, and 21.66 nm for CuZnO2, CuMnO2, and CuErO2 nanoparticles (NPs), respectively. The magnetic characteristics of CuZnO2, CuMnO2, and CuErO2 samples were studied at room temperature, revealing their paramagnetic nature through the hysteresis effect. The Seebeck coefficient (S) for CuZnO2 was found to be positive, while it was negative for CuMnO2 and CuErO2. The thermoelectric power of CuZnO2 NPs was high, indicating their potential as materials for more efficient thermoelectric devices. Additionally, CuZnO2 exhibited an antimicrobial response against four-gram (+ve) bacteria, four-gram (-ve) bacteria, and the fungus Candida albicans (CA). The data obtained demonstrated that CuZnO2 NPs altered bacterial cell morphology, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death.
Design of high power evanescent quantum dot distributed feedback lasers on Si
Authors: Ge Qing , Wang Jun , Liu Shuaicheng , Liu Hao , Zhai Hao , Lin Feng , Chen Yanan , Liu Chuanjiang , Mao Kaize , Bai Yiming , Wang Qi , Huang Yongqing , Ren Xiaomin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Great advancements in III–V/Si epitaxy have pushed quantum dot lasers to the forefront of silicon photonics. In this work, we designed the structures of evanescent coupled quantum dot distributed feedback lasers with asymmetric gratings, which made significant improvement in on-chip output power while maintaining single-longitudinal-mode stability. The optimal λ/4 phase-shift position (the ratio of the grating length from the rear-end of λ/4 phase-shift to the total grating length) from conventional position of 0.50 to 0.64 allows the ratio of the output power at both sides of silicon waveguide to be increased from 1.0 to 5.9. Moreover, the optimal duty cycle at one side of the phase-shift from 0.50 to 0.8 allows the ratio to be increased from 1.0 to 3.7. Meanwhile, the ratio could be dramatically improved from 1.0 to 9.2 by changed the duty cycle at one side of phase-shift to 0.7 while maintaining the phase-shift position of 0.64. With those designed structures, evanescent coupled quantum dot lasers could challenge the state-of-the-art bonded quantum well lasers and may eventually become ubiquitous and affordable for future commercial production.