bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-World Impact of an In-House Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase (DPYD) Genotype Test on Fluoropyrimidine Dosing, Toxicities, and Hospitalizations at a Multisite Cancer Center
Authors: Nguyen D. Grace , Morris Sarah A. , Hamilton Alicia , Kwange Simeon O. , Steuerwald Nury , Symanowski James , Moore Donald C. , Hanson Sarah , Mroz Kaitlyn , Lopes Karine E. , Larck Chris , Musselwhite Laura , Kadakia Kunal C. , Koya Brinda , Chai Seungjean , Osei-Boateng Kwabena , Kalapurakal Sini , Swift Kristen , Hwang Jimmy , Patel Jai N. 
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE Fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity and mortality risk increases significantly in patients carrying certain DPYD genetic variants with standard dosing. We implemented DPYD genotyping at a multisite cancer center and evaluated its impact on dosing, toxicity, and hospitalization. METHODS In this prospective observational study, patients receiving (reactive) or planning to receive (pretreatment) fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy were genotyped for five DPYD variants as standard practice per provider discretion. The primary end point was the proportion of variant carriers receiving fluoropyrimidine modifications. Secondary end points included mean relative dose intensity, fluoropyrimidine-related grade 3+ toxicities, and hospitalizations. Fisher's exact test compared toxicity and hospitalization rates between pretreatment carriers, reactive carriers, and wild-type patients. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with toxicity and hospitalization risk. Kaplan-Meier methods estimated time to event of first grade 3+ toxicity and hospitalization. RESULTS Of the 757 patients who received DPYD genotyping (median age 63, 54% male, 74% White, 19% Black, 88% GI malignancy), 45 (5.9%) were heterozygous carriers. Fluoropyrimidine was modified in 93% of carriers who started treatment. In 442 patients with 3-month follow-up, 64%, 31%, and 30% of reactive carriers, pretreatment carriers, and wild-type patients had grade 3+ toxicity, respectively ( P = .085); 64%, 25%, and 13% were hospitalized ( P < .001). Reactive carriers had 10-fold higher odds of hospitalization compared with wild-type patients ( P = .001), whereas no significant difference was noted between pretreatment carriers and wild-type patients. Time-to-event of toxicity and hospitalization were significantly different between genotype groups ( P < .001), with reactive carriers having the earliest onset and highest incidence. CONCLUSION DPYD genotyping prompted fluoropyrimidine modifications in most carriers. Pretreatment testing reduced toxicities and hospitalizations compared with reactive testing, thus normalizing the risk to that of wild-type patients, and should be considered standard practice.
Hereditary Cancer Screening and Outcomes at an Urban Safety-Net Hospital
Authors: Brehany Sydney , Colton Meryl , Duarte Cassandra , Baliton Michael , McCranie Alec S. , Okuyama Sonia 
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE Patients with hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) have a high lifetime risk of developing cancer. Historically underserved populations have lower rates of genetic evaluation. We sought to characterize demographic factors that are associated with undergoing HCS evaluation in an urban safety-net patient population. METHODS All patients who met inclusion criteria for this study from 2016 to 2021 at an urban safety-net hospital were included in this analysis. Inclusion criteria were pathologically confirmed breast, ovarian/fallopian tube, colon, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. Patients also qualified for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers or Lynch syndrome on the basis of National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Demographic and oncologic data were collected through retrospective chart review. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were constructed. RESULTS Of the 637 patients included, 40% underwent genetic testing. Variables associated with receiving genetic testing on univariable analysis included patients living at the time of data collection, female sex, Latinx ethnicity, Spanish language, family history of cancer, and referral for genetic testing. Patients identifying as Black, having Medicare, having pancreatic or prostate cancer, having stage IV disease, having Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) prognostic score ≥1, having medium or high Charlson comorbidity index, with current or previous cigarette use, and with previous alcohol use were negatively associated with testing. On multivariable modeling, family history of cancer was positively associated with testing. Patients identifying as Black, having colon or prostate cancer, and having ECOG score of 2 had significantly lower association with genetic testing. CONCLUSION Uptake of HCS was lower in patients identifying as Black, those with colon or prostate cancer, and those with an ECOG score of 2. Efforts to increase HCS testing in these patients will be important to advance equitable cancer care.
Be a Doll, Blow a Hero
Authors: Jain Løchlann 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The medical term apparently drowned emerged in the mid-eighteenth century to describe a kaleidoscopic gap between potential life and potential death. The “seemingly,” or “so far as one can judge” dead, unbreathing body embodied a moment of possibility if only one knew how to actively extract it. As drowning became a focus of social attention, interest gathered around developing resuscitation methods and materials. The article tracks the contiguity of the apparently drowned body with other partially animated proxies: diagrams, drawings, paintings, casts, corpses, masks, dolls, and models—all of which became foils by which to practice affective responses to particular human bodies in particular sorts of trouble and nodes through which community could be practiced and interpellated through ideologies of rescue and feelings of responsibility.
From coaching to Mentor Leader:
Authors: Triantari Sotiria 
Published: June 2024

We present in this article the personality of the mentor leader in management. The ancient Greek background of the coaching and mentor leader is highlighted. We focus on the differences and similarities of the coach and mentor leader, highlighting the skills of the modern mentor leader, who dynamically contributes to the formation of the personality of the individual, the employee in order to achieve personal and professional development and progress. The mentor leader with basically characteristics of empathy and mindfulness, which are basically communication parameters, transmits to others his experience, making the human resources of a business or organization flexible, creative, and mature. The mentor leader represents ethical leadership and addresses contemporary challenges in management by strengthening the link between theory and practice through education and transmission of knowledge, skills, and experience. The modern mentor leader makes a significant contribution to cultural change in management and to addressing organizational change, which has a significant impact on the psychology and behavior of employees.
In vivo stress model points (-)-α-Bisabolol as an alternative to relieve effects on neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Rebouças Manoela de Oliveira , Alves da Silva Daniel Moreira , Vale Larice de Carvalho , Valentim José Tiago , de Oliveira Natália Ferreira , Rodrigues de Carvalho Alyne Mara , de Oliveira Andressa Alexandre , Chaves Raquell de Castro , Luciano Maria Claudia dos Santos , de Sousa Francisca Cléa Florenço 
Published: June 2024

Aim of the studyThe present study aimed to investigate the antidepressant and anxiolytic effect of (-)-αbisabolol (BIS) and its possible mechanisms of action related to alterations on products of oxidative stress, using the model of depression induced by Chronic Unpredictable Mild StressSubject or material and methodsThe male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CUMS for 28 days, and the depressive and anxious-like behaviors was observed in the animals at the end of the protocol.ResultsThe depressive and anxious behavior was successfully attenuated after BIS administration, evidenced in forced swimming tests and preference for sucrose solution results, with exciting results when compared to Fluoxetine, the reference drug for depression.DiscussionThe antioxidant profile as mechanism indicated a significant reduction of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in hippocampus area.ConclusionsIn brief, the study revealed that BIS relieve depressive and anxiety-like state through mitigating oxidative stress.
Online and Face-to-Face Therapy during Covid-19 pandemic - Determinants of the Therapeutic Relationship
Authors: Furmańska Joanna , Rutkowska Emilia , Marques Cristiana C. , Martins Maria João , Lane Håkan , Meixner Johannes , us Sahar Najam 
Published: June 2024

Aim of the studyTo assess how the therapeutic relationship is perceived by therapists both in online and face-to-face therapy during the Covid-19 pandemic and if the therapist's personal, professional, and psychological characteristics, as well as their experience of the COVID-19 pandemic influence their perception of the therapeutic relationship.Subject or material and methodsRecruited 327 psychotherapists from four European countries: Sweden (Northern Europe), Poland (Eastern Europe), Portugal (Southern Europe) and Germany (Central Europe). Used original questionnaire and the Scale to Assess Therapeutic Relationship (STAR), the Fear of Contracting COVID-19 Scale (FCS Covid-19), the Pandemic Fatigue Scale (PFS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU K-14) and the Sense of Efficacy Test (SET).ResultsThe therapeutic relationship is perceived as more effective and productive in face-to-face therapy, although therapists noticed more emotional difficulties in this form than in online therapy. The predictor of the assessment of the overall quality and strength of the therapeutic relationship in online therapy is the therapist's self-efficacy, whereas in face-to-face therapy are the therapist's depression, age and cognitive / behavioral approach.DiscussionVariables related with therapist’s personal, occupational, psychological characteristics, and their experience with COVID-19 pandemic are related to the perception of the therapeutic relationship and these relationships, although in different configurations, apply to both online and face-to-face therapy.ConclusionsThe obtained results broaden the scope of knowledge about the therapeutic relationship, and also encouraged therapists to reflect on the factors that are important for its assessment.
Competencies of people holding managerial positions in the sector geriatric care in Germany
Authors: Bocheńska-Brandt Anna , Kanios Anna , Weissbrot-Koziarska Anna 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesAim: The purpose of the research is the diagnosis of competencies of people holding managerial positions in the geriatric care sector in Germany.Material and methodsScheitler's concept of competency was employed in this study. The method of in-depth unstructured interviews was also used. The method of qualitative content analysis according to Mayring was applied to evaluate the obtained data.ResultsAs a result of the conducted analyses, professional tasks and competencies of people holding managerial positions in the geriatric care sector in Germany were presented.ConclusionsThe research results showed that the tasks of people performing managerial functions in geriatric care in Germany are complex and exceed medical or caregiving tasks. They are related to personnel management, responding to their needs, as well as the needs and expectations of people managing medical facilities. An extremely important task is cooperation with the relatives of the elderly. The research results also revealed the importance of having a wide variety of competencies. The respondents were of the opinion that professional skills are less important and social and personal skills are gaining in importance.
From crime to punishment. The role of transitional justice mechanisms in strengthening the internal security of a state on the example of Ukraine (2022-2023)
Authors: Kowalski Wawrzyniec , Misiuk Andrzej 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe purpose of the article is to provide an overview of the importance and scale of the use of mechanisms belonging to the doctrine of transitional justice during the armed conflict in Ukraine in 2022-2023.Material and methodsIn the research process, the authors apply the analysis of selected rulings, the analysis of the positions and views of selected representatives of the doctrine – security studies and legal studies in particular – as well as formal-dogmatic and historical approaches.ResultsIt is demonstrated that the broadest spectrum of institutions and mechanisms falling under transitional justice to date has been used during this armed conflict. This enabled, on a scale never seen before, obtaining a comprehensive and complex picture of the crimes committed during the war effort. At the same time, it is emphasized that the Ukrainian side, using the support of states, international organizations and institutions of international criminal justice, has been able to implement numerous institutions to achieve the goals of transitional justice.ConclusionsAccording to the authors, the burden of their tasks will not only, or perhaps not primarily, concern the implementation of retribution for the deed, but in the post-war period will have to enable the reconciliation of the population within the country, which seems very difficult from today's perspective, given the current political situation in eastern Ukraine.
Impact of the characteristics of postmodern society on the possibility of implementing postulates of sustainable development
Authors: Pabian Aleksander 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesObjective is to find out whether characteristics of contemporary postmodern society constitute an obstacle to the possibility of achieving the postulates of sustainable development. Relationship between the postmodern property of materialism with consumption, which is still at the center of humans' lives, and the possibility of ensuring sustainable patterns of consumption seems particularly interesting.Material and methodsTheoretical part of this study has been made based on the method of critical analysis of the literature on the subject and specialized press. In the empirical part, the author makes usage of the results of qualitative study-relates to personal, informal interview, which took place on a voluntary basis among consumptionists who declared themselves to have a materialistic worldview.ResultsAlthought postmodern features quite naturally cause negative connotations, the characteristics of postmodern society have also certain advantages from the economic point of view. What’s more, although it is difficult to argue with the results indicating a negative impact of one of the characteristics of post-modern society on sustainable development, this relationship cannot be considered one-dimensional. It turns out that materialism and consumerism can, among others, accompany interest in environmentally friendly products and willingness to pay extra for them.ConclusionsThe concept of sustainable development has been developed in order to maintain proper relations between the economic, natural and social subsystems. However, meeting its requirements may pose a great challenge for members of modern society who manifest too often a materialistic attitude and are somehow accustomed to excessive consumption. At the same time, it turns out that materialism and consumerism may have certain, positive face.
The possibility of using cybersex evidence in divorce proceedings in the context of proving fault for marriage breakdown from a comparative legal perspective
Authors: Klich Aleksandra , Białecki Marcin 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe purpose of the study is to comprehensively examine the interpretation of cybersex in the context of marital guilt, while assessing the implications and challenges of bringing such evidence to court. The article aims to navigate the interpretation and legal recognition of cybersex as grounds for divorce.Material and methodsThe study used methods used in legal science:
1) the dogmatic method, referring to the establishment of current legal regulations governing the rules of electronic evidence, including cybersex evidence, as well as the way they are used in divorce processes and their impact on the permanent and complete breakdown of marital relations; it has a dominant character in the study due to the fact that the authors focus on the analysis of current legal regulations, as well as their practical use and application in other countries (e.g., the USA and Canada).
2) The analytical method was applied with reference to the current state of knowledge in the subject area in the body of legal science.
3) The comparative legal method is of complementary importance and relates to the analysis of legal and organizational solutions to the use of so-called illegal evidence, as well as the difficulties of conducting evidence and regulations in other countries.
4) The historical method is related to the evolution of the development of the rules of evidence in civil litigation in view of the development and spread of the use of modern technological solutions in justice.ResultsThe potential use of cybersex evidence in divorce proceedings in Civil Procedure, while complex, provides an opportunity for legal growth.ConclusionsIncorporating cybersex evidence in divorce proceedings brings a set of challenges, especially related to the violation of privacy rights, data protection, and the potential for cybercrime.
The Covid-19 pandemic and social support. Analysis of the impact of lockdowns on intergenerational family ties in European societies
Authors: Luty-Michalak Marta 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe aim of this article is to answer the question of whether the lockdowns introduced in 2020 and 2021 during the Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on intergenerational family ties in the area of social support in European societies. If so, was the impact positive or negative? Was it more concerned with the support provided to parents or children living separately?Material and methodsThe analysis used data from representative SHARE Corona Survey 1 and SHARE Corona Survey 2, conducted among respondents aged 50 and over, between June and August 2020 and between June and August 2021.ResultsThe results of the analysis indicate that during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, the frequency of providing assistance in dealing with necessary matters to parents increased in almost all European countries, while assistance provided to children decreased. A similar situation occurred in the case of personal care. During the next spring lockdown in 2021, it was noticeable that there was a greater decrease in both care and frequency of support given to children than to parents.ConclusionsThe Covid-19 pandemic has undoubtedly had an impact on the frequency of social support provided. In the case of support provided to children, we see a negative impact. However, in the case of parental support, the situation was different. It should be remembered that the respondents are aged 50 and over, and therefore their parents are elderly people who often struggle with health problems and, in many cases, with dependency. This leads to the conclusion that in the case of people requiring support (elderly parents) in the form of assistance in dealing with necessary matters and personal care, the Covid-19 pandemic did not have a negative impact on the strength of intergenerational family ties.
Behavior and awareness of road traffic hazards among pedestrians in Poland under 18 and over 65 years of age
Authors: Gądek-Hawlena Teresa , Michalski Konrad 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesExamining similarities and differences in road behavior and knowledge about selected aspects of road safety in two different age groups of pedestrians, i.e. people under 18 and over 65 years of age.Material and methodsThe analysis is based on a study conducted using a survey questionnaire in the period December 20, 2022 - June 1, 2023. 625 people took part in the study, 268 people under 18 and 357 people over 65.ResultsResearch shows that both groups tend to engage in dangerous behaviors. Young people are more likely to cross the road in unauthorized places and to cross pedestrian crossings without traffic lights, using mobile phones and headphones. Older people are less likely to wear reflective elements. Awareness of selected threats in both age groups is low.ConclusionsThe research shows that both young and older people do not always behave safely on the road. People under 18 are more often responsible for dangerous behavior at pedestrian crossings. Another important problem is the lack of proper knowledge about the threats to which pedestrians are exposed and the lack of awareness of dangerous situations. In this study, most respondents were not aware of the dangers posed, partly due to their inappropriate behavior. Most questions regarding possible threats were answered incorrectly almost every time by over half of respondents in both age groups.
None of the surveyed groups has an advantage regarding road traffic hazards. People under 18 more often correctly answered questions about priority at a pedestrian crossing and the driver's reaction time to the appearance of a live obstacle. People over 65 more often indicated the correct answer regarding the braking distance and the distance covered by a driver traveling at a speed of 50 km/h.
Poland's strategic potential and capabilities to respond to CBRN threats
Authors: Szklarski Łukasz 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe article includes a systemic analysis of Poland's potential and response capabilities to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) threats. As a result of the conducted research, the dominant threats, technological resources, legal framework and socio-political reactions related to CBRN incidents in Poland were shown. In addition, Poland's technological capabilities in the detection of chemical agents, gamma and nucleoids were presented. The important role of protective clothing in responding to CBRN threats was emphasized.Material and methodsIn order to implement the adopted research assumptions, the method of analysis was used consisting in quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content contained in the analyzed documents, literature, legal acts, their ordering and interpretation in terms of the research objective.ResultsThe article highlights the multifaceted nature of the Polish approach, which includes understanding CBRN threats, investing in advanced detection technologies, ensuring the security of response through protective equipment, implementing robust civil protection measures, and adhering to a comprehensive legal framework. The discussion additionally sheds light on the key role of international cooperation in the Polish CBRN strategy. Basically, the article presents Polish preparations as a comprehensive approach combining technological knowledge, legal infrastructure, public security measuresConclusionsPoland's strategic preparation for potential CBRN incidents is an ongoing process. While significant progress has been made, the constantly evolving nature of CBRN threats requires a continuous commitment to policy improvement, technological innovation, capacity building and international cooperation.