bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence, Morbidity, and Mortality of Terson Syndrome in Hamilton, Ontario
Authors: Seif Gamal I. , Teichman Joshua C. , Reddy Kesava , Martin Charmaine , Rodriguez Amadeo R. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate the incidence, neurologic morbidity, and mortality of patients with Terson syndrome.MethodsConsecutive patients admitted to the Hamilton General Hospital from May 2012 to May 2013 with a diagnosis of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were recruited. Funduscopic examinations were performed under pharmacological mydriasis. Outcome measures included: (1) the presence or absence of Terson syndrome; (2) The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Hunt and Hess scale (H&H), and SAH Fisher score upon admission to the hospital; (3) the modified Rankin score upon discharge; and (4) and all-cause mortality.ResultsForty-six patients were included and 10 had Terson syndrome (21%). The median H&H, GCS, and Fisher scores were 4, 6.5, and 4.0 for patients with Terson syndrome vs. 2, 14, and 3 for patients without Terson syndrome (p=0.0032, 0.0052, and 0.031), respectively. The median Rankin score was 6 for patients with Terson syndrome vs. 3.5 for patients without Terson syndrome (p=0.0019). The odds of all-cause mortality with Terson syndrome vs. no Terson syndrome was 12: 1 (95% confidence interval 2.33-61.7), p =0.003. Only four of the 10 patients with Terson syndrome survived.ConclusionsBased on this study, approximately one-fifth of patients admitted to the hospital with a spontaneous SAH could have Terson syndrome. Patients with Terson syndrome have significantly worse GCS and H&H scores upon admission to the hospital, lower modified Rankin scores upon discharge, and greater mortality. Thus, Terson syndrome is not rare among patients with SAH and carries a worse prognosis.
Understanding the elevated suicide risk of female soldiers during deployments
Authors: Street A. E. , Gilman S. E. , Rosellini A. J. , Stein M. B. , Bromet E. J. , Cox K. L. , Colpe L. J. , Fullerton C. S. , Gruber M. J. , Heeringa S. G. , Lewandowski-Romps L. , Little R. J. A. , Naifeh J. A. , Nock M. K. , Sampson N. A. , Schoenbaum M. , Ursano R. J. , Zaslavsky A. M. , Kessler R. C. 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundThe Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) has found that the proportional elevation in the US Army enlisted soldier suicide rate during deployment (compared with the never-deployed or previously deployed) is significantly higher among women than men, raising the possibility of gender differences in the adverse psychological effects of deployment.MethodPerson-month survival models based on a consolidated administrative database for active duty enlisted Regular Army soldiers in 2004–2009 (n = 975 057) were used to characterize the gender × deployment interaction predicting suicide. Four explanatory hypotheses were explored involving the proportion of females in each soldier's occupation, the proportion of same-gender soldiers in each soldier's unit, whether the soldier reported sexual assault victimization in the previous 12 months, and the soldier's pre-deployment history of treated mental/behavioral disorders.ResultsThe suicide rate of currently deployed women (14.0/100 000 person-years) was 3.1–3.5 times the rates of other (i.e. never-deployed/previously deployed) women. The suicide rate of currently deployed men (22.6/100 000 person-years) was 0.9–1.2 times the rates of other men. The adjusted (for time trends, sociodemographics, and Army career variables) female:male odds ratio comparing the suicide rates of currently deployedv.other womenv.men was 2.8 (95% confidence interval 1.1–6.8), became 2.4 after excluding soldiers with Direct Combat Arms occupations, and remained elevated (in the range 1.9–2.8) after adjusting for the hypothesized explanatory variables.ConclusionsThese results are valuable in excluding otherwise plausible hypotheses for the elevated suicide rate of deployed women and point to the importance of expanding future research on the psychological challenges of deployment for women.
Reunification through Water and Food: The Other Battle for Lives and Bodies in China's Hong Kong Policy
Authors: Cheung Siu-Keung 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe People's Republic of China failed to win the hearts and minds of the Hong Kong Chinese people before its resumption of the city's sovereignty on 1 July 1997. This article attempts to account for this contradiction in China's pursuit of reunification. By shifting the focus to the alternative battle to control the lives and bodies of the local population, this article demonstrates how China exploited its water and food supplies to the colony in order to control Hong Kong before and after 1997. The study pinpoints the bio-political measures used by China to secure Chinese sovereignty over Hong Kong. It concludes with an analysis of the current situation in Hong Kong and the implications of China's control of water and food supplies for the relations between the ruling state and the people of Hong Kong.
Older homeless people: increasing numbers and changing needs
Authors: Crane Maureen , Joly Louise 
Published: October 2014

SummaryEvidence from England, Australia, Canada, Japan and the USA indicates that the single homeless population is ageing, and that increasing numbers of older people are homeless. This paper reviews evidence of changes in the age structure of the single homeless population, and the factors that are likely to have had an influence on the growth of the older homeless population. In many Western cities, the housing situation of older people is changing and there is a growing reliance on the private rented sector. Unemployment is also having an impact on older people who are under the official retirement age. An increasing number of older people are experiencing problems linked to alcohol, drugs, gambling and criminality, and these are all behaviours that can contribute to homelessness. Despite high levels of morbidity and disability among older homeless people, they are a relatively neglected group and receive little attention from policy makers and mainstream aged care services.
Two novel DNA motifs are essential for BACE1 gene transcription
Authors: Xiang Yan , Meng Shasha , Wang Jinfeng , Li Songyang , Liu Jingru , Li Hongmei , Li Tingyu , Song Weihong , Zhou Weihui 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACE1 gene encodes for β-Site amyloid β precursor protein (APP)-cleaving enzyme1, which is required for generating amyloid β protein(Aβ). Deposition of Aβ in brain plays an essential role in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathogenesis. BACE1 gene has a tissue-specific expression pattern and its expression is tightly regulated at transcriptional level. Core promoter is a minimal DNA sequence to direct transcription initiation and serves as a converging platform for the vast network of regulatory events. Here we identified the core promoter of human BACE1 gene, which is a 71 nucleotides region absent of typical known core promoter elements and is sufficient to initiate a basal transcription. Two novel DNA motifs, designated TCE1 and TCE2, were found to be involved in activating the transcription of human BACE1 gene in a synergistic way. Two single nucleotide mutations in these motifs completely abolished the promoter activity. In conclusion, our studies have demonstrated that novel DNA motif TCE1 and TCE2 in human BACE1 gene promoter are two essential cis-acting elements for BACE1 gene transcription. Studies on how these two motifs being regulated by different stimuli could provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis and pharmaceutical potentials of targeting these motifs for AD treatment.
Ultra‐broadband linearly polarisation manipulation metamaterial
Authors: Li Yongfeng , Zhang Jieqiu , Qu Shaobo , Wang Jiafu , Zheng Lin , Zhang Anxue , Xu Zhuo 
Published: October 2014

The polarisation state is a basic property of electromagnetic waves. In this reported work, high efficiency, ultra‐broadband polarisation manipulation is achieved using an ultra‐thin metamaterial composed of three metasurfaces spaced by dielectric layers. It is found that the proposed metamaterial can achieve a very high conversion efficiency with cross‐polarisation transmission >96% and co‐polarisation reflection over 99% covering the range from 9.6 to 28 GHz. The simulated results are very consistent with the experimental measurements.
High‐frequency reverse‐time chaos generation using digital chaotic maps
Authors: Bailey J.P. , Beal A.N. , Dean R.N. , Hamilton M.C. , Tugnait J.K. 
Published: October 2014

Reverse‐time chaos can be used to realise hardware chaotic systems that can operate at speeds equivalent to existing state‐of‐the‐art while requiring significantly less complex circuitry. Unlike traditional chaotic systems, which require significant analogue hardware that is difficult to realise at high speed, the reverse‐time system can be realised with a field programmable gate array calculating a digital iterated map. The resulting output forgoes the need for digital‐to‐analogue conversion by directly driving a series RLC filter. Since the dynamics of this system are determined by an iterated map, precise control of this system is possible by adjusting the map's initial condition. Hardware results for the controllable reverse‐time system demonstrate chaotic behaviour at an operating frequency of 1.8 MHz and show promise for extension to higher frequencies.
Broadband circularly polarised antenna with asymmetric ground and L‐shaped strips
Authors: Zhang Huan , Jiao Yong‐Chang , Ni Tao , Liang Wei‐Long 
Published: October 2014

A novel broadband circularly polarised antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) is proposed. Two L‐shaped grounded strips and an asymmetrical ground are utilised to achieve the broadband circular polarisation (CP) feature. The measured results show that the 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 2.01 GHz (69.4%, 1.89–3.9 GHz) and the 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is 2.1 GHz (72.4%, 1.85–3.95 GHz). The experimental results agree well with the simulated results.
Wide‐locking range class‐C injection‐locked frequency divider
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Lin Chih‐Yuan 
Published: October 2014

A novel wide‐locking range divide‐by‐3 injection‐locked frequency divider (ILFD) is designed and fabricated in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS process. The CMOS ILFD uses a class‐C capacitive cross‐coupled oscillator as the core. It has been found that the locking range of the ILFD is enhanced when the DC‐gate bias is smaller than the drain bias in the cross‐coupled pair. At the supply voltage of 1.8 V, the core power consumption of the ILFD core is 10.7 mW. At the incident power of 0 dBm, the maximum locking range is 3.3 GHz (24.17%), from the incident frequency 12–15.3 GHz. At the incident power of 0 dBm, the operation range is 4.8 GHz (37.2%), from the incident frequency 10.5–15.3 GHz.
Shunt active power filter with enhanced dynamic performance using novel control strategy
Authors: Xiao Zhenfeng , Deng Xiangtian , Yuan Rongxiang , Guo Pilong , Chen Qijuan 
Published: October 2014

To realise the accurate and real‐time compensation of the harmonics of a power system, this study proposes a novel control strategy for shunt active power filter (SAPF), adopting the composite strategy of neural network proportional‐integral (PI) control and dual‐repetitive controller (DRC). In DRC, one repetitive controller is used to ensure current tracking accuracy and the other one is used to enhance dynamic response. The neural network PI control is adopted to improve response speed by turning the PI parameters adaptively and setting optimisation parameters online. Through the optimisation of this approach and the rational configuration of the hardware and software systems, the SAPF could achieve rapid dynamic response with high tracking accuracy and excellent compensation performance. A 100 kVA industrial prototype active power filter has been developed by using this control strategy. System compensation could effectively reduce the total harmonic distortion values from 26 to 27.7%, 27.6 to 4.25% and 4.57 to 4.35% for each phase of the current. The full response time of the system is < 10 ms.
Antibacterial Mouthwash Blunts Oral Nitrate Reduction and Increases Blood Pressure in Treated Hypertensive Men and Women
Authors: Bondonno Catherine P. , Liu Alex H. , Croft Kevin D. , Considine Michael J. , Puddey Ian B. , Woodman Richard J. , Hodgson Jonathan M. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) is fundamental to cardiovascular health. Dietary nitrate and nitrate from endothelial derived NO metabolism provides a significant contribution to the circulating NO pool through the nitrate–nitrite–NO pathway. A critical step in this pathway is the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by the oral microbiota. We aimed to assess the effects of antibacterial mouthwash use on markers of nitrate–nitrite–NO metabolism and blood pressure in treated hypertensive men and women.

METHODS
Fifteen treated hypertensive men and women (mean age 65 years) were recruited to a randomized controlled cross-over trial. The effects of 3-day use of antibacterial mouthwash on oral nitrate to nitrite reduction, salivary and plasma nitrate and nitrite, plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were compared to control (water).

RESULTS
Relative to control, 3-day antibacterial mouthwash use resulted in decreased oral nitrate to nitrite reduction (P = 0.02), decreased salivary nitrite (P = 0.01) and increased salivary nitrate (P &lt; 0.001), and there was a trend toward a decrease in plasma nitrite concentration (P = 0.09). Use of antibacterial mouthwash over 3 days also resulted in higher systolic blood pressure (2.3mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.5, 4.0; P = 0.01), but not diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.4) or plasma cGMP (P = 0.7), relative to control.

CONCLUSIONS
Interruption of the nitrate–nitrite–NO pathway through the use of antibacterial mouthwash was paralleled by a small elevation of systolic blood pressure in treated hypertensive men and women.
TIPP: taxonomic identification and phylogenetic profiling
Authors: Nguyen Nam-phuong , Mirarab Siavash , Liu Bo , Pop Mihai , Warnow Tandy 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Abundance profiling (also called ‘phylogenetic profiling’) is a crucial step in understanding the diversity of a metagenomic sample, and one of the basic techniques used for this is taxonomic identification of the metagenomic reads.
Results: We present taxon identification and phylogenetic profiling (TIPP), a new marker-based taxon identification and abundance profiling method. TIPP combines SAT\'e-enabled phylogenetic placement a phylogenetic placement method, with statistical techniques to control the classification precision and recall, and results in improved abundance profiles. TIPP is highly accurate even in the presence of high indel errors and novel genomes, and matches or improves on previous approaches, including NBC, mOTU, PhymmBL, MetaPhyler and MetaPhlAn.
Availability and implementation: Software and supplementary materials are available at http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/phylo/software/sepp/tipp-submission/ .
Contact: warnow@illinois.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Arthur Schopenhauer
Authors: Jacquette Dale 
Published: October 2014

Arthur Schopenhauer (b. 1788–d. 1860) was a private scholar and philosopher. Although Schopenhauer was largely ignored by the professional academic philosophical community during his lifetime, he exerted increasing influence on German and international philosophy, literature, and the arts later in life and more profoundly after his death. Schopenhauer’s philosophy can be explained as a distinctly original synthesis of Kant, Plato, and Eastern thought, especially Hinduism and Buddhism. Schopenhauer understands his philosophy as the true heir of Kant’s critical idealism, on some parts of which Schopenhauer develops his own brand of post-Kantian transcendental idealism. The world for Schopenhauer has two aspects: the phenomenal world we experience in sensation and perception, and a transcendental world of Kantian Thing-in-itself, which Schopenhauer identifies with Will. The world as Will is pure willing, for Schopenhauer, in the sense that it is uncaused, undirected, unmotivated blind urging. The Will is willing without willing anything in particular, or for any particular reason, and even without any cause, while lacking all logical and mathematical properties. The world as Will, lacking any specific object, is inevitably objectified in the world as representation in conflict, strife, competition, opposition, and suffering. The world in reality, identified by Schopenhauer as Will, because it must be objectified in conflict, is seen by Schopenhauer philosophically, for this reason, from a technically pessimistic perspective. The Kantian distinction between the mind’s experiential world (Vorstellung) and Thing-in-itself, the world as it is in itself and independently of thought (Ding an sich), interpreted by Schopenhauer not as Kantian noumenon but knowable intuitively and supported by metaphysical reasoning as pure willing (der Wille), links together all the several parts of Schopenhauer’s philosophical system, like spokes from a wheel’s hub. Beginning with his epistemology and metaphysics, and proceeding systematically to his philosophy of science, logic and mathematics; philosophy of religion; philosophy of art; ethics, moral, and political philosophy, Schopenhauer encourages the image of a flower opening when he describes developing the several related parts of his philosophy as the progressive unfolding of a single idea.
Effect of Bone Cement Volume Fraction on Adjacent Vertebral Fractures After Unilateral Percutaneous Kyphoplasty
Authors: Lin Dasheng , Hao Jianming , Li Lin , Wang Lei , Zhang Huantang , Zou Weitao , Lian Kejian 
Published: October 2014

Study Design:A retrospective study.Summary of Background Data:Complications of the bone cement used in vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures have received increasingly more attention, especially for bone cement volume.Objective:The aim of the study was to retrospectively assess the relationship between bone cement volume fraction and adjacent vertebral fracture (AVF) after unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Materials and Methods:Between 2006 and 2011, 495 patients with single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) were surgically treated by unilateral PKP and had completed 12-month follow-up in our hospital. According to the new OVCF, they were divided into 3 groups: AVF group, non-AVF group, and normal group (who were not new OVCF). On the basis of the value of the plain radiography, the cement volume fraction for the vertebral body was calculated, and cement leakage, bone mineral density, visual analog scale, and Cobb angle of preoperative and postoperative were analyzed.Results:During the follow-up, 110 (22.2%) patients had new OVCF, and others were normal (n=385). Fifty-two cases were AVF and 58 were non-AVF. The cement volume fraction of AVF group, non-AVF group, and normal group were 32.5%±5.5%, 27.3%±1.8%, and 27.1%±2.6%, respectively. The 95% confidence interval of volume fraction were (31.0, 34.1), (26.8, 27.7), and (26.9, 28.5), respectively. The AVF group showed higher cement volume fraction in 3 groups (P<0.05), and there were no significant difference between non-AVF and normal group (P>0.05). There were 19 (36.5%) patients with cement leakage in AVF group, 12 (20.7%) in non-AVF group, and 68 (17.7%) in normal group. The AVF group showed higher cement leakage (P<0.05). Compared with AVF group and normal group, non-AVF group had lower bone mineral density in preoperation. All groups reported significantly improved visual analog scale scores and Cobb angle on the day of surgery. However, there were no significant difference between the 3 groups.Conclusions:Unilateral PKP is an effective and safe procedure for patients with OVCF. However, cement volume should be determined in terms of the vertebral body fraction to obtain a favorable outcome. The risk of AVF and cement leakage will increase obviously with the cement volume fraction increased. We recommend that a bone cement volume fraction of about one fourth is suitable for unilateral PKP.
A Multicenter Evaluation of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Following High-grade Spondylolisthesis Reduction and Fusion
Authors: Gandhoke Gurpreet S. , Kasliwal Manish K. , Smith Justin S. , Nieto JoAnne , Ibrahimi David , Park Paul , Lamarca Frank , Shaffrey Christopher , Okonkwo David O. , Kanter Adam S. 
Published: October 2014

Objective:
A retrospective review of the clinical and radiographic outcomes from a multicenter study of surgical treatment for high-grade spondylolisthesis (HGS) in adults. The objective was to assess the safety of surgical reduction, its ability to correct regional deformity, and its clinical effectiveness.

Methods:
Retrospective, multicenter review of adults (age above 18 y) with lumbosacral HGS (Meyerding grade 3–5) treated surgically with open decompression, attempted reduction, posterior instrumentation, and interbody fusion. Preoperative and postoperative assessment of the Meyerding grade, slip angle, and sacral inclination were performed based on standing radiographs. Preoperative visual analog scale scores were compared with those at the mean follow-up period. Prolo and Oswestry Disability Index scores at most recent follow-up were assessed.

Results:
A total of 25 patients, aged 19–72 years, met inclusion criteria. Seventeen interbody cages were placed, including 15 transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions, 1 posterior lumbar interbody fusion, and 1 anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Five patients required sacral dome osteotomies. The average follow-up was 21.3 months.
At most recent follow-up there was a statistically significant improvement in both the Meyerding grade and the slip angle (P<0.05). There was 1 intraoperative complication resulting in a neurological deficit (4%) and 1 intraoperative vertebral body fracture (4%). No additional surgery was required for any of these patients. There were no cases of nonunion or device failure except for 1 patient who suffered an unrelated traumatic injury 1 year after surgery. The mean Oswestry Disability Index and Prolo scores at mean follow-up of 21.3 months were 20% (minimum disability) and 8.2 (grade 1), respectively.

Conclusions:
The present study suggests that reduction, when accomplished in conjunction with wide neural element decompression and instrumented arthrodesis, is safe, effective, and durable with low rates of neurological injury, favorable clinical results, and high-fusion rates.
Emergency response by robots to Fukushima‐Daiichi accident: summary and lessons learned
Authors: Kawatsuma Shinji , Fukushima Mineo , Okada Takashi 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extract lessons learned from the Fukushima‐Daiichi accident, caused by a big earthquake and a huge tsunami, which occurred on 11 March 2011.Design/methodology/approachLessons learned are extracted after summarizing emergency response by robots to the Fukushima‐Daiichi accident.FindingsMany lessons had been learned from the experiences on robots' emergency response to the accident; organization and operation scheme, and systemization were major lessons learned.Practical implicationsUnmanned constructive heavy machines and robots donated from the USA or imported from Sweden did reconnaissance work and cleaning up of rubble outside of buildings. Quince and JAEA‐3 were deployed for reconnaissance inside buildings.Social implicationsThe Japanese nuclear disaster response robotics developed after Japan Conversion Corporation's critical accident occurred in 1999, could not work when the Fukushima‐Daiichi accident occurred on 11 March 2011.Originality/valueThe paper emphasizes the importance of establishing emergency response schemes when a nuclear disaster occurs.