bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Client-Auditor Supply Chain Relationships, Audit Quality, and Audit Pricing
Authors: Johnstone Karla M. , Li Chan , Luo Shuqing 
Published: April 2014

SUMMARY:
We investigate the association between auditors' supply chain knowledge and companies' audit quality and audit pricing. Auditor supply chain knowledge is a specialized understanding of information and processes regarding accounting and auditing issues that relates to both a supplier and its major customer, regardless of industry commonalities, that is particularly useful for understanding complexities associated with the revenue cycle. We find that auditors' supply chain knowledge at the city level is associated with higher audit quality and lower audit fees, compared to companies employing auditors with supply chain knowledge at the national level or employing auditors without supply chain knowledge. Such effects are stronger for supplier companies that derive a high proportion of revenue from their major customers, and when the revenue cycle for the supplier companies is more important. We obtain these results while controlling for the usual determinants of audit quality and fees, along with auditors' industry specialization.
Neurodynamic Responses to the Femoral Slump Test in Patients With Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome
Authors: Lin Pei-Ling , Shih Yi-Fen , Chen Wen-Yin , Ma Hsiao-Li 
Published: April 2014

Study Design Matched-control, cross-sectional study. Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the responses to the femoral slump test (FST), including the change in hip range of motion and level of discomfort, between subjects with and without anterior knee pain. Background Anterior knee pain syndrome is a common problem among adults. The FST is the neurodynamic test used to assess the mechanosensitivity of the femoral component of the nervous system. However, as of yet, there is no literature discussing the use of the FST in patients with anterior knee pain. Methods Thirty patients with anterior knee pain and 30 control participants, matched by gender, age, and dominant leg, were recruited. The subjects received the FST, during which the hip extension angle and the location and intensity of pain/discomfort were recorded. Reproduction of symptoms that were alleviated by neck extension was interpreted as a positive test. Differences in hip extension angle and pain intensity between groups were examined using a 2-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance and a Kruskal-Wallis analysis. The level of significance was set at α = .05. Results Subjects with anterior knee pain had a smaller hip extension angle than that of controls (−3.6° ± 5.3° versus 0.6° ± 6.1°; mean difference, 4.2°; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24°, 7.15°; P = .006). Eight patients with anterior knee pain showed a positive FST, and those with a positive FST had a smaller hip extension angle (−5.7° ± 4.5°) than that of controls (mean difference, 6.3°; 95% CI: 0.8°, 11.8°; P = .007). There was no difference in the hip extension angle between the positive and negative FST groups (mean difference, 2.9°; 95% CI: −8.5°, 2.0°) or between the negative FST and control groups (mean difference, 3.4°; 95% CI: -0.4°, 7.3°). Conclusion Results of this study suggest that altered mechanosensitivity of the femoral nerve occurred in the patients with anterior knee pain who presented with a positive FST. The role of increased mechanosensitivity in the development and management of anterior knee pain should be investigated in the future. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(5):350–357. Epub 14 April 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4781
Low level of stroke care awareness among stroke patients’ caregivers: an important but neglected area of stroke care
Authors: Sharma N , Sharma M , Lopchan M , Thapa L , Rana PVS 
Published: April 2014

Objective Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Stroke patients require longterm care for better outcome. Most often family members are the back bone of the service provided to people affected by stroke. Stroke patients and their caregivers are known to have large gaps in stroke knowledge and have suboptimal personal health behaviors, thereby putting the patient at high risk for complications. Our study was designed to explore the stroke care awareness among stroke patients' caregivers.Methods 50 stroke caregivers aged >18 years from neurology ward of College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital were selected by non-probability purposive sampling from June 2012 to July 2012. Questionnaire focusing basic stroke care was prepared by researchers with the help of literature and a neurophysician. Validity and reliability of the tools were tested and data collected. Analysis of collected data was done using SPSS 16.0.Results The mean age of the respondents was 40 years (range: 20-80 years). Thirty-nine (78%) were either spouse or children. Thirty-eight (76%) caregivers were literate. Overall, 27 (54%) caregivers had low level of awareness regarding stroke care and mean knowledge score was 23.7.Conclusion This study has revealed the existence of low level of stroke care awareness amongst stroke caregivers. Interventional education program oriented to address this important yet neglected area can improve the stroke care in countries like Nepal where recent advancement for stroke management is lacking. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-3, 1-8
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia; masquarding as hydropneumothorax
Authors: Yadav RP , Agrawal CS , Pathania OP , Shrestha P , Sharmal S , Shrivastaw M 
Published: April 2014

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia occurs in about 1 in 3000 births among which over 90% of the patients will be diagnosed either antenatally or will present with respiratory distress in the first few hours of life and about 5% to 30% of diaphragmatic hernias present beyond the neonatal period. The extent of herniation of abdominal viscera into the thorax may vary, leading to acute or intermittent symptoms. The inappropriate insertion of a chest drain, although relieving the symptoms temporarily, may result in serious consequences by damaging intrathoracic abdominal viscera. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-3, 54-56 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v9i3.10223
Quelle convergence des règles de politique monétaire en Europe avant l’euro ?
Authors: Bouscharain Laurent 
Published: April 2014

Are Monetary Policy Rules in Europe Converging Prior to the Euro ?
by Laurent Bouscharain
Has European monetary union entailed genuine convergence of “ monetary policy preferences” within the euro area ? This study measures the importance of the objectives of forecast price stability and cyclical stabilisation by offering a method of estimating Taylor rules for various European countries and compares the outcomes in particular with those recently obtained by Clarida, Gali and Gertler (NBER 6254). The results illustrate a common tendency to strengthen counterinflationary policy in Europe, sometimes to the detriment of cyclical stabilisation. However, the estimations seem sensitive to introduction of other variables reflecting the “ external” constraints that could arise from coordination. It thus appears that German interest rates have sometimes influenced other monetary policies, which would be evidence of asymmetric operation of monetary rules prior to the euro.
L’inflation sous-jacente en France, en Allemagne et Royaume-Uni
Authors: Jacquinot Pascal 
Published: April 2014

Core Inflation in France, Germany and the United Kingdom
by Pascal Jacquinot
Central banks usually work with inflation targets, either directly or indirectly. In any case, it is in their interest to have an accurate measure of structural inflation, i. e. cyclically adjusted inflation. This component of inflation, also called core inflation, is here obtained from a structural VAR model. Economists generally agree on the long-term neutrality of inflation with regard to output. Use of such a constraint in a structural VAR model, including observed inflation and output, makes it possible to disentangle the core from the cyclical component of inflation. Core inflation is obtained by cancelling the cyclical component attributable to output shocks. Quah and Vahey (1995) use the identification method proposed by Blanchard and Quah (1989) to compute core inflation in the United Kingdom ; we have adopted the same technique for France, Germany and the United Kingdom. In addition, we have confirmed the procyclical nature of short-term inflation in the three countries and shown that, since 1993, inflation has been closer to its underlying level in Germany than in its partners. Greater nominal rigidities would explain this difference.
Les chocs monétaires et la persistance du taux de chômage
Authors: Sidiropoulos Moïse , Trabelsi Jamel 
Published: April 2014

Monetary Shocks and Persistent Unemployment
by Moïse Sidiropoulos and Jamel Trabelsi
This paper sets out to find a shock propagation mechanism that could explain persistent unemployment rates in Germany. Our work is based on an “ insider outsider” theoretical model, which constructs the dynamics that generate the unemployment rate and highlights the different economic shocks. We are especially interested in studying the effect of internal monetary shocks (domestic monetary policy shock) and external monetary shocks (shock due to an increase in the American interest rate) using the ARCH-M model. Our empirical findings show the extent of the effect of external shocks on the unemployment rate’s unconditional variance, which directly affects the unemployment rate in the mean equation. The crossed shock propagation mechanism, formalised by theARCH-Mmodel, explains the persistence of the unemployment rate by the persistence of volatility shocks, which are generated by external and internal shocks.
Efficience technique et incitations salariales. Analyse empirique sur un panel incomplet des industries textiles en Tunisie
Authors: Ben Ayed Mouelhi Rym , Goaïed Mohamed 
Published: April 2014

Technical Efficiency and Wage Incentives – an Empirical Analysis Based on an Incomplete Panel of Tunisian Textile Industries
by Rym Ben Ayed Mouelhi and Mohamed Goaïed
This study combines the stochastic production frontiers approach with the efficiency wage approach to identify two technical inefficiency components. The first component is observable and varies over time. It measures the technical inefficiency resulting from an inadequate wage incentive. The second component remains stable over time and concerns unobservable company-specific technical inefficiency. This paper sets out to estimate the time-stable technical efficiency component whilst controlling the company-specific effects using instrumental variable techniques applied to incomplete panels. Labour and capital production factors are measured by some of their qualitative characteristics, i. e. technological progress incorporated into equipment and manpower by skills level. The study then empirically checks the wage-productivity relationship before estimating the technical inefficiency attributable to a lack of effort. The empirical analysis considers a non-cylinder panel of 619 Tunisian textile companies studied from 1983 to 1994. The estimation results point to a decline in autonomous technological progress from 1983 to 1990. Moreover, productivity gains are generated by technological progress incorporated into equipment and manpower skills. The unobservable efficiency is approximately 61% on average. The inefficiency ascribable to a lack of effort is approximately 4% on average.
Emploi : une analyse critique des politiques malthusiennes
Authors: Spector David 
Published: April 2014

Employment : a Critical Analysis of Malthusian Policies.
This article builds and calibrates a model of the French labour market in order to compare the effect of the various economic policy measures : Malthusian measures to withdraw individuals from the working population and measures to lower charges. The model stresses the importance of the heterogeneousness of individual productivity near the minimum wage. Estimation of the elasticity of low wages to the unemployment rate and the use of existing empirical data demonstrate that productivity is very heterogeneous at this level, which makes Malthusian measures relatively ineffective : one hundred withdrawals from the labour market free up at most forty jobs. By contrast, reducing the cost of unskilled labour is effective in the long term and may even have a negative or zero cost for public finance.
Économie de la connaissance : le rôle des consortiums de haute technologie dans la production d'un bien public
Authors: Cassier Maurice , Foray Dominique 
Published: April 2014

A Knowledge-Based Economy : the Role of High-Technology Consortiums in Producing Public Goods.
This article discusses the capacity of high-technology consortiums to contribute solutions to the problem of resource allocation in connection with the economics involved in looking for and producing knowledge. The theoretical framework is based on characterisation of ownership regimes. This concept covers the main methods to grant property rights and is used to formulate related coordination and incentive problems. We use the results of case studies conducted as part of a European research programme to explain the possible role of collective invention in solving these problems.
Early Increase of Abdominal Adiposity in Patients with Spondyloarthritis Receiving Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor-α Treatment
Authors: Hmamouchi Ihsane , Roux Christian , Paternotte Simon , Kolta Sami , Dougados Maxime , Briot Karine 
Published: April 2014

Objective.Patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) receiving anti-TNF-α treatment have an increase in fat mass. This may be relevant to cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to estimate visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) changes by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in patients with SpA under anti-TNF-α therapy.Methods.We used an ancillary protocol to an open, prospective 2-year followup study of patients with SpA. Waist circumference (WC), body weight, body mass index, VAT, and SAT were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 1 and 2 years. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess variables associated with VAT and SAT changes.Results.A total of 85 patients were analyzed. Patients were 39.3 ± 11.4 years old and mean baseline Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index was 55.0 ± 20.2. Treatment was effective according to clinical and biological variables, and body weight increased by 0.9 ± 1.7 kg over 2 years. There was a significant gain in VAT after 6 months (13.7 ± 20.6 cm2, p < 0.0001), 1 year (21.0 ± 26.6 cm2, p < 0.0001), and after 2 years (29.1 ± 33.4 cm2, p < 0.0001); and in SAT after 6 months (12.5 ± 27.4 cm2, p < 0.0001), 1 year (27.1 ± 38.2 cm2, p < 0.0001), and after 2 years (31.9 ± 53.2 cm2, p < 0.0001). We could not find any determinant of these changes by multivariate analysis.Conclusion.In patients with SpA receiving anti-TNF-α therapy, there is an early significant increase in abdominal obesity with significant increase in both VAT and SAT after 1 and 2 years of treatment. Prospective studies are required to investigate the relationship between these changes and cardiovascular risk.
Mobilité observée et fluidité sociale en France de 1977 à 2003
Authors: Vallet Louis-André 
Published: April 2014

Cet article propose une étude de la mobilité sociale intergénérationnelle en France pour les hommes et les femmes, à partir des quatre dernières enquêtes « Formation et qualification professionnelle » conduites par l’Insee en 1977, 1985, 1993 et 2003. Elle est menée dans la nomenclature des groupes socioprofessionnels, et sous le double aspect de la mobilité observée (taux absolus de mobilité) et de la fluidité sociale (taux relatifs de mobilité). Les tableaux d’analyse détaillés pourront, le cas échéant, être utilisés dans des activités pédagogiques.
La dynamique générationnelle de la mobilité sociale
Authors: Peugny Camille 
Published: April 2014

Trop souvent, la mesure des flux de mobilité sociale occulte les différences entre générations. Il s’agit ici de donner quelques éléments visant à décrire la dynamique générationnelle de la mobilité sociale au cours des six dernières décennies. Si la génération des premiers-nés du baby-boom a bénéficié d’une dynamique particulièrement favorable, les perspectives de mobilité sociale se dégradent assez sensiblement pour les cohortes nées au tournant des années 1960. Quant aux générations les plus récentes, c’est le poids de l’immobilité sociale qui constitue le résultat le plus marquant.
La question des incitations
Authors: Chartoire Renaud 
Published: April 2014

La question des incitations fait partie du préambule au programme de cycle terminal, dans les « Démarches, savoirs et savoir-faire généraux ». Elle doit nécessairement être traitée, même si ce traitement peut être réalisé librement en fonction de la progression pédagogique de l’enseignant. Cette séquence en propose une illustration à partir d’exercices et de documents simples, qui peuvent être proposés aux élèves dès le début de l’année de première, dans le chapitre sur les grandes questions que se posent les économistes ou dans celui sur le fonctionnement du marché.
L'imagerie prénatale : questions posées par la découverte d'une anomalie neurologique
Authors: Guibaud Laurent , Des Portes Vincent 
Published: April 2014

Passé au crible des techniques d’imagerie prénatale, l’enfant attendu tend à devenir « objet » d’étude, livré à l’interprétation du médecin. Face à une image inhabituelle révélant un risque de pathologie grave, comment redonner au fœtus sa singularité de sujet ? Comment accompagner les parents, confrontés à une décision psychiquement et humainement très lourde, dans une véritable démarche de questionnement éthique ?
The Very Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Attenuates House Dust Mite–Induced Airway Inflammation by Suppressing Dendritic Cell–Mediated Adaptive Immune Responses
Authors: Fredriksson Karin , Mishra Amarjit , Lam Jonathan K. , Mushaben Elizabeth M. , Cuento Rosemarie A. , Meyer Katharine S. , Yao Xianglan , Keeran Karen J. , Nugent Gayle Z. , Qu Xuan , Yu Zu-Xi , Yang Yanqin , Raghavachari Nalini , Dagur Pradeep K. , McCoy J. Philip , Levine Stewart J. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family that binds multiple ligands and plays a key role in brain development. Although the VLDLR mediates pleiotropic biological processes, only a limited amount of information is available regarding its role in adaptive immunity. In this study, we identify an important role for the VLDLR in attenuating house dust mite (HDM)-induced airway inflammation in experimental murine asthma. We show that HDM-challenged Vldlr−/− mice have augmented eosinophilic and lymphocytic airway inflammation with increases in Th2 cytokines, C-C chemokines, IgE production, and mucous cell metaplasia. A genome-wide analysis of the lung transcriptome identified that mRNA levels of CD209e (DC-SIGNR4), a murine homolog of DC-SIGN, were increased in the lungs of HDM-challenged Vldlr−/− mice, which suggested that the VLDLR might modify dendritic cell (DC) function. Consistent with this, VLDLR expression by human monocyte-derived DCs was increased by HDM stimulation. In addition, 55% of peripheral blood CD11c+ DCs from individuals with allergy expressed VLDLR under basal conditions. Lastly, the adoptive transfer of HDM-pulsed, CD11c+ bone marrow–derived DCs (BMDCs) from Vldlr−/− mice to the airways of wild type recipient mice induced augmented eosinophilic and lymphocytic airway inflammation upon HDM challenge with increases in Th2 cytokines, C-C chemokines, IgE production, and mucous cell metaplasia, as compared with the adoptive transfer of HDM-pulsed, CD11c+ BMDCs from wild type mice. Collectively, these results identify a novel role for the VLDLR as a negative regulator of DC-mediated adaptive immune responses in HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation.
A Biased Non-Gαi OXE-R Antagonist Demonstrates That Gαi Protein Subunit Is Not Directly Involved in Neutrophil, Eosinophil, and Monocyte Activation by 5-Oxo-ETE
Authors: Konya Viktoria , Blättermann Stefanie , Jandl Katharina , Platzer Wolfgang , Ottersbach Philipp Aaron , Marsche Gunther , Gütschow Michael , Kostenis Evi , Heinemann Akos 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Gαi-coupled chemoattractant receptors, such as the 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE) receptor (OXE-R), are able to switch on Gαiβγ protein-dependent and β-arrestin–related signaling traits. However, which of these signaling pathways are truly important for the chemoattractant functions in leukocytes is not clarified yet. As we recently reported, Gue1654 is a unique Gβγ-biased OXE-R antagonist having no inhibitory activity on Gαi-related signaling, which makes Gue1654 an unprecedented tool for assessing the involvement of G protein subunits in chemoattractant receptor function. β-arrestin2 recruitment was studied in OXE-R–overexpressing HEK293 cells using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assays. Activation of leukocytes was assessed by flow cytometric assays and by immunofluorescence microscopy. Leukocyte capture to endothelial cells was addressed under physiological flow conditions. We found that Gue1654 blocks β-arrestin2 recruitment in HEK293 cells overexpressing OXE-R and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in human eosinophils and neutrophils. Furthermore, Gue1654 was able to prevent several 5-oxo-ETE–triggered functional events in eosinophils and neutrophils, such as activation of CD11b/CD18 integrins, oxidative burst, actin polymerization, and interaction with endothelial cells. In addition, Gue1654 completely prevented 5-oxo-ETE–induced Ca2+ flux and chemotaxis of human primary monocytes. All of these leukocyte responses to 5-oxo-ETE, except ERK1/2 phosphorylation and oxidative burst, were likewise prevented by pertussis toxin. Therefore, we conclude that chemoattractant receptors require Gαi subunits only as adaptors to transactivate the Gβγ heteromers, which then act responsible for cell activation. Finally, our data characterize Gue1654 as a non-Gαi–biased antagonist of OXE-R that provides a new basis for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory diseases that involve activation of eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes.