bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The elimination of scabies: a task for our generation
Authors: McLean Florence E. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractScabies prevalence remains unacceptably high in many regions throughout the world. Infestation with scabies significantly impacts quality of life and is linked to pyoderma and consequently to severe long‐term sequelae such as post‐streptococcal glomerulonephritis. In the past, control programs using topical treatments have met with poor compliance; however, the highly effective oral agent ivermectin may offer a new paradigm in scabies management. Problems still exist with insensitive diagnostic tests, questions concerning mite reservoirs, and restrictions on who can receive ivermectin. Despite these difficulties, the elimination of scabies in communities worst affected may soon be possible.
Drug substitution associated with a hospital stay in Belgium: a retrospective analysis of a claims database
Authors: Simoens Steven , Dubois Cécile , Spinewine Anne , Foulon Veerle , Paulus Dominique 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Objectives
This study measures the extent of drug substitution associated with a hospital stay in Belgium.

Methods
Data were extracted from the 2006–2007 dataset of the Belgian Agency of Health Insurance Funds on drug use of patients hospitalized in acute hospitals. Reimbursed drugs received in ambulatory care during the 3 months prior to hospitalization were compared with drugs received during the 3 months following hospital discharge. Both a narrow definition and a broad definition were used for drug substitution. Narrow substitution (switches between generic and originator drugs) was computed for 14 drug classes for chronic conditions with the highest public expenditure. Broad substitution (changes between chemical substances within the drug class at ATC level 4, changes in brand name) was calculated for statins and proton-pump inhibitors only.

Key findings
The database included 17 764 patients (mean age 66 ± 17 years; 60% female). In 71% of cases an originator drug was received prior to and following hospitalization. A generic drug was received prior to and following hospitalization in 25% of cases. Some form of narrow substitution occurred in 4% of cases: a generic drug was replaced by an originator drug in 2% of cases and an originator drug was replaced by a generic drug in 2% of cases. Some form of broad substitution occurred in 25% of cases for proton-pump inhibitors and 13% of cases for statins.

Conclusions
Hospitalization was not a trigger for changes between originator and generic versions of a drug. Broad substitution associated with a hospital stay was relatively limited for statins and proton-pump inhibitors.
Emigration for Development? An Exploration of the State's Role in the Development‐Migration Nexus: The Case of Romania
Authors: Careja Romana 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis article explores the proposition that the developmental potential of emigration depends on the context of the sending countries. It builds on the insights from the institutional approach to development and adapts them to the migration‐development nexus. It argues that government involvement is necessary if resources from emigration are to become seeds for development. By analysing the case of Romania, one of the largest labour sending countries in Eastern Europe, it argues that its laissez‐faire approach is likely not enough to capitalize on emigrants' resources for development.
Ear, nose, and throat involvement in Egyptian patients with pemphigus vulgaris: a step towards a better management
Authors: Fawzy Marwa Mohamed , Hegazy Rehab A. , Abdel Fattah Ahmed F. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe frequency of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) involvement in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is not clear; thereby, the importance of setting routine ENT examination for patients with PV could not be deduced.ObjectiveDetermine the prevalence of ENT involvement in patients with PV in Egypt; to modify the routine protocol and achieve a step towards better management.Patients and methodsThirty‐four patients with PV were included. Patients were asked about ENT symptomatology and evaluated for ENT manifestations.ResultsTwenty‐five patients complained from ENT symptoms (74%). The pharyngeal/laryngeal‐related symptoms were the most common. Eighty‐two percent of patients had positive endoscopic findings. The most common were pharyngeal/laryngeal (76.5%). In total, the positive endoscopic findings superseded the positive symptomatic findings. More severe involvement was documented in non‐smoking patients (P < 0.05).ConclusionFull ENT examination as a routine for all patients with PV could be of great value, as it would lead to more accurate diagnosis, therefore improved management.
‘I am not a dyslexic person I'm a person with dyslexia’: identity constructions of dyslexia among students in nurse education
Authors: Evans William 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAimTo introduce how nursing students discursively construct their dyslexic identities.BackgroundIdentity mediates many important facets of a student's scholarly journey and the availability and use of discourses play a critical part in their ongoing construction.DesignA discourse‐based design was used to examine the language employed by students in constructing their dyslexic identities.MethodsUsing narrative methods, 12 student nurses with dyslexia from two higher education institutions in the Republic of Ireland were interviewed during the period February–July 2012. Discourse analysis of interviews entailed a two‐stage approach: leading identity analysis followed by thematic analysis.ResultsDiscourses used by students to construct their dyslexic identity correspond with positions on an ‘Embracer, Passive Engager and Resister’ continuum heuristic. The majority of students rejected any reference to using medical or disabled discourses and instead drew on contemporary language in constructing their dyslexic identity. Nine of the 12 students did not disclose their dyslexic identity in practice settings and drew on not being understood to support this position. In addition, a discourse linking ‘being stupid’ with dyslexia was pervasive in most student narratives and evolved from historical as well as more recent interactions in nurse education.ConclusionThis study indicates variation in how students discursively construct their dyslexic identities, which, in turn, has an impact on disclosure behaviours. Policy leaders must continue to be mindful of wider sociocultural and individualized understandings of dyslexic identities to enhance inclusion prerogatives.
Experiential avoidance and self‐compassion in chronic pain
Authors: Costa Joana , Pinto‐Gouveia José 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe present study investigates the role of coping, experiential avoidance, and self‐compassion on psychological distress prediction (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms). A battery of self‐report questionnaires was used to assess coping, experiential avoidance, self‐compassion, and psychological distress in 103 adults with chronic pain from Portuguese primary health care units. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed and showed that experiential avoidance and self‐compassion are the factors that mostly explain psychological distress. Our results suggest that when people with chronic pain are willing to remain in contact with particular private experiences without attempting to control them, they reported less depression, anxiety, and stress. Implications for clinical practice were discussed, suggesting the importance of helping people with chronic pain to increase their willingness to pain rather than avoiding it.
Contested Bodies, Contested States: Performance, Emotions, and New Forms of Regional Governance in Santa Cruz, Bolivia
Authors: Fabricant Nicole , Postero Nancy 
Published: July 2013

ResumenEste artículo busca comprender cómo estrategias de protesta incorporadas y utilizadas por la élite local en la región de Santa Cruz de Bolivia (del 2006 al 2010) canalizan emociones y construyen identidades colectivas con el fin de oponerse al gobierno centralizado de Evo Morales. Las élites regionales ahora se imaginan como ciudadanos marginados de una nación‐estado que representa los intereses de los pueblos indígenas y que amenaza con socavar la producción agraria a gran escala y usurpar la riqueza de los recursos en su región. Huelgas de hambre y otras manifestaciones, en las cuales se interpreta y personifica que el cuerpo del mestizo blanco simboliza o representa la región victimizada y excluida, resultan críticas para sus estrategias de construcción de un movimiento y, eventualmente, legitiman una nueva forma de gobernancia que re‐espacializa el poder hacia las regiones. Mientras las élites re‐escriben narrativas de opresión y restablecen estructuras de poder antiguas, nosotros argumentamos que el miedo y la fantasía moldean sus estrategias de protesta y oscurecen las relaciones de poder en marcha y las desigualdades en el acceso a los modos de producción y a los recursos que generan riqueza.
He Followed the Funereal Steps of Ixtab: The Pleasurable Aesthetics of Suicide in Newspaper Journalism in Yucatán, Mexico
Authors: Reyes‐Foster Beatriz 
Published: July 2013

ResumenEste artículo argumenta que las fotografías y reportajes en el periodismo rojo Yucateco representan al suicidio como un fenómeno que sucede casi exclusivamente entre los jóvenes indígenas. El artículo presenta un análisis textual y discursivo de noticias sobre suicidios en Yucatán entre los años 2005–2010, y argumenta que en Yucatán esas imágenes sugieren que los mayas tienen una predisposición cultural al suicidio. Esto no significa que no exista un problema serio en Yucatán, dado su elevado índice de suicidios, los cuales doblan media nacional. Más bien, sugiere que en el proceso de representar a la víctima como un “otro” perdemos perspectiva de los matices sociales presentes en las condiciones, construcción social y realidades que empujan a la gente a tomar la decisión de suicidarse. Por otra parte, la idea del Maya suicida presupone la existencia de una identidad maya definida, lo cual ha sido problematizado.
“Socios”: The Contested Morality of “Partnerships” in Indigenous Community–Mining Company Relations, Northern Chile
Authors: Babidge Sally 
Published: July 2013

ResumenEn 2007, una comunidad atacameña del norte de Chile y una empresa multinacional minera de cobre renovaron un trato de diez años con respecto al uso del territorio por parte de la empresa y el impacto causado debido a la extracción de recursos de agua subterránea. Las negociaciones entre la comunidad atacameña y la empresa minera están influenciadas por la presencia de un estado remoto o incluso ausente, lo que ha marcado la historia de la industria minera, y un discurso hegemónico internacional sobre los beneficios de las asociaciones de acuerdo a la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa. Los valores morales implícitos en la idea de “socio” sirven y a la vez restringen una relación que a primera vista pareciera caracterizarse por la hegemonía del neoliberalismo, pero narrativas locales de autosuficiencia y patronazgo histórico revelan ambigüedades y raíces más profundas. Este análisis etnográfico del compromiso comunidad‐empresa suscita una crítica de las condiciones de ser socios y lo enmarca en términos de controvertidas interpretaciones sobre la moralidad de las relaciones sociales y económicas.
Face‐bow transfer in prosthodontics: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Farias‐Neto A. , Dias A. H. M. , de Miranda B. F. S. , de Oliveira A. R. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryAn extensive search for randomised controlled clinical trials was accomplished to compare dental prostheses and occlusal splints constructed with or without face‐bow transfer, and question whether face‐bow transfer may present better clinical results than simpler approaches. Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on the Health Science, and Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry). The keywords ‘dental articulator’, ‘semi‐adjustable articulator’, ‘face‐bow’, ‘jaw relation record’ and ‘occlusal splint therapy’ were used. The minimum inclusion requirements were (i) randomised controlled trials with patients of any age, (ii) comparison between dental prostheses or occlusal splints constructed with or without face‐bow transfer and (iii) assessment of clinician's time, number of occlusal contacts, patient satisfaction or masticatory function. The search resulted in the identification of 8779 articles. Subsequently, 8763 articles were excluded on the basis of title and abstract. By the end of the search phase, eight randomised controlled trials were considered eligible. Current scientific evidence suggests that face‐bow transfer is not imperative to achieve better clinical results in prosthodontics. Randomised clinical trials suggest that simpler approaches for the construction of complete dentures and occlusal splints may present acceptable results, while no clinical study has investigated its use in fixed and removable partial dentures.
Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality and Its Relationship With Body Mass Index Among Teenagers: Evidence From Taiwan
Authors: Chen Duan‐Rung , Truong Khoa D. , Tsai Meng‐Ju 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe linkage between sleep quality and weight status among teenagers has gained more attention in the recent literature and health policy but no consensus has been reached.METHODSUsing both a propensity score method and multivariate linear regression for a cross‐sectional sample of 2,113 teenagers, we analyzed their body mass index (BMI) in relation to sleep quality while controlling for family characteristics (household income, parent/guardian level of education, disability status, work night shift, and smoking) and individual factors (age, sex, regular exercise, smoking, employment, and feeling secure in the neighborhood). Sleep quality was assessed using 3 scales: difficulty in initiating sleep, difficulty in maintaining sleep, and non‐restorative sleep, based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐IV‐defined insomnia.RESULTSConsidering all 3 types of poor sleep quality, 20.9% of teenagers in Taiwan experienced some form of sleep problems. After adjusting for the other variables, 2 factors independently and statistically predicted sleep problems: current smoking and working night shifts by the head of the household. Teens experiencing difficulty in initiating sleep had higher BMIs ranging from 0.86 to 1.41 units.CONCLUSIONSEfforts to address childhood obesity need to take into consideration sleep problems that are highly prevalent among teenagers.
Low Genetic Diversity Suggests a Single Introduction and Recent Spread of Tomato chlorosis virus in Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Júlio C. , Rezende Jorge A. M. , Filho Armando B. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBy comparing the partial nucleotide sequences of the heat shock protein HSP70 homologue gene, we assessed the genetic diversity of Brazilian tomato isolates of Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), as well as their relationship with other ToCV isolates found worldwide. The Brazilian ToCV isolates shared 99.9–100% nucleotide identity, which indicates low genetic diversity. Brazilian ToCV isolates showed a closer evolutionary relationship to those from Mediterranean countries. Based on these results, the origin of Brazilian ToCV isolates and the possible number of introductions of the virus into Brazil are discussed.
Occurrence of Phytophthora Root and Stem Rot of Kiwifruit in Turkey
Authors: Kurbetli İlker , Ozan Sirel 
Published: July 2013

AbstractVine decline of kiwifruit was observed in an orchard in Bartın province of Turkey. Affected vines exhibited poor terminal growth, leaf discoloration and various degrees of dieback, including complete vine death. Symptoms were observed in the field on roots, crowns and stems. Two Phytophthora species were isolated from decayed cortical roots and lower stems of kiwifruits. They were identified as Phytophthora cryptogea and Phytophthora megasperma by their morphological characteristics and the analysis of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA. Pathogenicity of the isolates was tested by stem inoculation on kiwifruit seedlings. After 4 weeks, cankers developed in the plants inoculated with P. cryptogea, while no cankers formed in those inoculated with P. megasperma and in control plants. This is the first report of P. cryptogea causing root and stem rot of kiwifruit in Turkey.
Identification and Molecular Characterizations of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum Causing Stem Canker of Red‐fleshed Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Masratul Hawa , Salleh Baharuddin , Zakaria Latiffah 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDuring the year 2008 to 2009, a new disease of stem canker was noticed in most red‐fleshed dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) plantations in Malaysia. The symptoms observed were small circular sunken orange spot, black pycnidia and rotted stem. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of the stem canker on H. polyrhizus in Malaysia, subsequently to isolate, identify and characterize the fungal pathogen based on morphology and molecular characteristics and pathogenicity test. From the surveyed 20 plantations in Malaysia, stem canker was detected in all the plantations. A total of 40 isolates of Scytalidium‐like fungus were isolated and identified as Neoscytalidium dimidiatum based on morphological characteristics and ITS region sequences, which showed 99% similarity to N. dimidiatum (FJ648577). From the phylogenetic analysis using maximum‐likelihood tree, isolates of N. dimidiatum from stem canker of H. polyrhizus were grouped together and did not show any sequence variation. From pathogenicity test, all 40 isolates of N. dimidiatum were pathogenic causing stem canker on H. polyrhizus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of stem canker of H. polyrhizus caused by N. dimidiatum in Malaysia.
Additive effect of sirolimus and anti‐death receptor 5 agonistic antibody against hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kawahara Toshiyasu , Toso Christian , Yamaguchi Keisuke , Cader Sonia , Douglas Donna N. , Nourbakhsh Mahra , Lewis Jamie T. , Churchill Thomas A. , Yagita Hideo , Kneteman Norman M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackground & AimsDespite careful patient selection, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurs in 10–20% of cases after liver transplantation, and the use of potent adjuvant anticancer drugs would be welcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a combined therapy of rapamycin (sirolimus) and anti‐death receptor (DR)5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) on HCC.MethodsWe first assessed the side effects of anti‐DR5 mAb administration in vivo by giving various doses of anti‐DR5 mAb. Cell proliferation assays were then performed using mouse Hepa1‐6 cells or human Huh7 cells to quantify the relative cell viability under various concentrations of sirolimus, anti‐DR5 mAb or a combination. Next, one million Hepa1‐6 cells were transplanted into C.B17‐SCID‐beige mice subcutaneously, and four groups were created: (1) untreated, (2) anti‐DR5 mAb alone, (3) sirolimus alone and (4) anti‐DR5 mAb + sirolimus.ResultsAnti‐DR5 mAb (200 and 300 μg/day) induced liver dysfunction with partial necrosis of the liver, but 100 μg/day was well tolerated with transaminitis, but normal bilirubin and only minor histological liver damage. In vitro, anti‐DR5 mAb lysed Hepa1‐6 and Huh7 cells in a dose‐dependent manner, and combinations of sirolimus and anti‐DR5 mAb demonstrated an additive effect. In vivo studies demonstrated that tumour sizes were significantly smaller in the combined therapy group than in the monotherapy groups.ConclusionsCombining sirolimus and low‐dose anti‐DR5 mAb has a significant effect against HCC. This strategy represents a potential novel approach for the management of HCC.
Petrology of impactites from El’gygytgyn crater: Breccias in ICDP‐drill core 1C, glassy impact melt rocks and spherules
Authors: WITTMANN Axel , GODERIS Steven , CLAEYS Philippe , VANHAECKE Frank , DEUTSCH Alexander , ADOLPH Leonie 
Published: July 2013

AbstractEl’gygytgyn is a 18 km diameter, 3.6 Ma old impact crater in NE Siberia. International Continental Scientific Drilling Program—El’gygytgyn hole 1C was drilled on the frozen crater lake, 2.3 km from the crater center to a final depth of 517 m below the lake floor. Petrographic and geochemical analyses of 26 drill core samples, three impact melt rocks from the surface, and seven glass spherules from surface deposits outside the crater are used to characterize the impactite inventory at El’gygytgyn. The bottom 98 m of hole 1C intersected monomict brecciated, unshocked, rhyolitic ignimbrite with minor intercalations of polymict breccia and mafic inclusions. These lithologies are overlain by 89 m of polymict breccia whose components occasionally exhibit scarce, low‐degree shock metamorphic features. This unit is succeeded by 10 m of suevite that contains about 1 vol% glassy impact melt shards <1 cm in size and a low amount of shock metamorphosed lithic clasts. The suevite is capped by a reworked fallout deposit that constitutes a transition over 4 m into lacustrine sedimentation. A higher abundance of shock metamorphosed lithic clasts, and glass spherules, some with Ni‐rich spinel and admixture of an ultramafic component, characterize this unit. We tentatively interpret this impactite section as allochthonous breccia in the vicinity of El’gygytgyn’s central ring uplift. The geochemical compositions of seven glass spherules from terrace deposits 2 km outside the crater and eight spherules from the reworked fallout deposit in hole 1C show far greater variability than the composition of impact melt shards and impact melt rocks. Some of these spherules also show strong enrichments in siderophile elements.
The Chemical Reaction Optimization Approach to Solving the Environmentally Sustainable Network Design Problem
Authors: Szeto W. Y. , Wang Yi , Wong S. C. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractNowadays, the decision makers in the transportation industry are being urged to incorporate environmental costs into road network design decision making because road traffic affects the environment and health. The design of a road network should not only be cost‐effective but also environmentally sustainable. This article proposes a new network design problem (NDP) that takes both vehicle emissions and noise into account. This proposed environmentally sustainable NDP is formulated as a discrete bilevel program. The lower‐level problem is formulated as user‐equilibrium assignment. The upper‐level problem determines the optimal road capacity expansion to minimize the total costs of emissions, noise, and travel time with the considerations of budgetary and capacity improvement constraints. The proposed problem is solved by an enhanced version of a new meta‐heuristic named Chemical Reaction Optimization (CRO), and its parameters are tuned by our proposed tuning procedure. Two benchmark road networks with different demand levels are used to evaluate the performance of the enhanced CRO and illustrate the properties of the problem. The results show that there were tradeoffs between emissions, noise, and travel time costs, and that the enhanced CRO outperformed Genetic Algorithm (GA) on more than half of the testing scenarios and had a comparable performance on certain test scenarios compared with GA.