bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P6 acupoint stimulation for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing craniotomy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lv Jian-qin , Feng Rui-zhi , Li Ning 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is 50 to 79% after neurosurgery. Our study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of pericardium 6 (P6; also known as Neiguan) acupoint stimulation versus placebo, and versus routine antiemetic for the prevention of PONV after craniotomy, as well as to compare the efficacy of invasive acupuncture with non-invasive transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on P6.

Methods/design
This is a single-center, prospective, double-blind, five-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial (RCT). All groups will be given routine intravenous ondansetron 8 mg administered before skin closure. Upon regaining consciousness from general anaesthesia, patients will receive one of five interventions: 1) P6 acupuncture bilaterally for 30 minutes, stimulated every 10 minutes to keep de qi sensation; 2) sham acupuncture bilaterally for 30 minutes with no stimulation; 3) P6 stimulation via active TENS electrodes bilaterally for 30 minutes, with stimulation frequency and intensity set to when de qi sensation is felt; 4) sham P6 stimulation via inactive TENS electrode bilaterally for 30 minutes; and 5) usual practice of pharmacological emesis prevention. The incidence of postoperative vomiting during the first 24 hours is the main outcome. Secondary outcomes include: complete response rate, severity of nausea, total rescue metoclopramide dose used and patient satisfaction with PONV management.

Discussion
The results from this study could potentially confirm that P6 acupoint stimulation is an effective adjunct to standard antiemetic drug therapy for the prevention of PONV in patients undergoing craniotomy. Our study may also confirm that conventional acupuncture is more effective than TENS.

Trial registration
This study is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-TRC-13003026.
N-heteroatom substitution effect in 3-aza-cope rearrangements
Authors: Gomes Mário JS , Pinto Luis FV , Glória Paulo MC , Rzepa Henry S , Prabhakar Sundaresan , Lobo Ana M 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
The nature of the heteroatom substitution in the nitrogen of a 3-aza-Cope system is explored.

Results
While N-propargyl isoxazolin-5-ones suffer 3-aza-Cope rearrangements at 60°C, the corresponding N-propargyl pyrazol-5-ones need a higher temperature of 180°C for the equivalent reaction. When the propargyl group is substituted by an allyl group, the temperature of the rearrangement for both type of compounds is less affected by the nature of the heteroatom present. Treatment with a base, such as ethoxide, facilitates the rearrangement, and in the case of isoxazol-5- ones other ring opening reactions take precedence, involving N–O ring cleavage of the 5-membered ring. However when base-catalysed decomposition is prevented by substituents, products arising from a room temperature aza-Cope rearrangement are isolated. A possible mechanistic pathway based on free energies derived from density functional calculations involving cyclic intermediates is proposed.

Conclusions
The nature of the heteroatom substitution in the nitrogen of a 3-aza-Cope system leads to a remarkable difference in the energy of activation of the reaction.
A free vascularized tibia-fibular composite graft for the traumatic femoral bony defect of a 6-year-old boy with 10-year follow up: a case report
Authors: Chen Shih-Hao , Wong To , Yeh Ming-Chung , Pai Chun-Huang , Ko Jih-Yang 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIntroductionFree vascularized fibular grafts have been widely used for the reconstruction of long bone defects. However, the use of a vascularized tibial graft is precluded by its weight-bearing function and unacceptable donor site morbidity.Case presentationWe present a rare case of using a vascularized tibia-fibular composite graft taken from a 6-year-old Chinese boy’s ipsilateral lower leg to reconstruct a large bony defect of his traumatic femur. Hypertrophy of the tibial graft, good remodeling of the femoral shaft, and atrophy of the unloaded fibular graft were noted at the 10-year follow up. He was able to participate in outdoor activities such as basketball while wearing his prosthesis.ConclusionsThe 10-year follow up demonstrates the feasibility of this salvage procedure for a floating knee injury with neurovascular compromise.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Combined treatment of glibenclamide and CoCl2 decreases MMP9 expression and inhibits growth in highly metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Rong Zhe , Li Li , Fei Fei , Luo Lailong , Qu Yang 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
To observe the influence of combination treatment with glibenclamide and CoCl2 on the growth and invasiveness of TA2 breast cancer, and to detect the protein and mRNA expression of MMP9.

Methods
50 adult female TA2 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups including DMSO control, CoCl2, glibenclamide, CoCl2 + glibenclamide and paclitaxel. All of these mice were inoculated with TA2 spontaneous breast cancer cells in the left groin. Nine days after inoculation the tumor could be palpated. Different treatments for each group were then subcutaneously administered near the tumors on the 9th and 14th days after injection. Tumor size was measured to determine the growth curve. All mice were sacrificed on the 18th day after initial inoculation and tumor tissues were collected. Some fresh tissues without necrosis were stored at −80°C for mRNA detection and the other tumor tissue was fixed with 10% formalin for H&E and immunohistochemical staining.

Results
The growth rate of tumor cells in the CoCl2 + glibenclamide group was lower than that seen in the other groups. On the 14th day, the average volume of tumor in the CoCl2 + glibenclamide group was the lowest and the difference has statistical significance (P < 0.05), while the differences among the CoCl2, glibenclamide and paclitaxel had no statistical significance. The mean percentage of cells expressing MMP9 and PCNA was the lowest in the CoCl2 + glibenclamide group (P < 0.05). MMP9 mRNA expression paralleled MMP9 protein expression in these groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Combined treatment with glibenclamide and CoCl2 inhibits TA2 spontaneous breast cancer growth and invasiveness with effects similar to paclitaxel.
Forage and breed effects on behavior and temperament of pregnant beef heifers
Authors: Mays Angela R , Looper Michael L , Williamson Benjamin C , Coffey Kenneth P , Coblentz Wayne K , Aiken Glen E , Rosenkrans Charles F 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
Integration of behavioral observations with traditional selection schemes may lead to enhanced animal well-being and more profitable forage-based cattle production systems. Brahman-influenced (BR; n = 64) and Gelbvieh × Angus (GA; n = 64) heifers consumed either toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (E+) or one of two nontoxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (NT) cultivars during two yr. Heifers were weighed at midpoint and termination of grazing. Grazing behavior (grazing, resting in the shade, lying, or standing without grazing) was recorded (n = 13 visual observations per yr in June and July) for each pasture. During yr 2, exit velocity (EV) and serum prolactin (PRL) were determined.

Results
Grazing behavior was influenced (P < 0.05) by an interaction between fescue cultivar and breed type. Gelbvieh × Angus heifers assigned to E+ pastures had the lowest percentage of animals grazing and the largest percentage of animals resting in the shade. Brahman-influenced heifers had faster EV (P < 0.001) than GA heifers (0.52 vs. 0.74 ± 0.04 s/m, respectively). Body weight (BW) was affected (P < 0.01) by an interaction of tall fescue cultivar and d, and an interaction of tall fescue cultivar and breed type. Heifers grazing NT pastures were heavier (P < 0.01) than heifers grazing E+ pastures at midpoint and termination. Gelbvieh × Angus heifers grazing NT pastures were heavier (P < 0.01) than GA and BR heifers grazing E+ and BR heifers grazing NT pastures. An interaction of forage cultivar and breed type occurred on serum PRL (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
Collectively fescue cultivar, EV, and concentrations of serum PRL were associated with grazing behavior. Heifers grazing NT pastures were observed to be grazing more than heifers assigned to E+ pastures, regardless of breed type, which may have contributed to changes in BW and average daily gain (ADG) in heifers. Integration of behavioral observations along with traditional selection schemes may lead to enhanced animal well-being and more profitable forage-based cattle production systems.
Tephra, tephrochronology and archaeology – a (re-)view from Northern Europe
Authors: Riede Felix , Thastrup Mads Bakken 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Volcanic eruptions are often, although by no means always, associated with a profuse output of fine pyroclastic material, tephra. While residence time in the atmosphere of the very finest of these particles can be substantial, the deposition of the bulk of volcanic ejecta can be considered instantaneous from a geological, archaeological, and evolutionary perspective. Often these volcanic products can be identified by various chemical and non-chemical means and if the eruption date is known, the occurrence of tephra from a given eruption in stratigraphic sequences provides a powerful means of dating such deposits, or of refining available dating schemes. Furthermore, the occurrence of tephra from the same eruption across sites, regions and in various types of depositional contexts (ice-cores, terrestrial, marine, cultural) holds the potential of linking and thus elucidating the tempi and causes of both environmental and cultural change. Recent years have seen considerable advances in tephrochronology studies, especially regarding the detection of macroscopically invisible micro- or cryptotephras. In parallel with the possibility of detecting hitherto invisible tephras over vastly increased areas, the overall potential of tephrochronology as a major dating tool for both palaeoenvironmental scientists and archaeologists is greatly expanded. The aim of this paper is not to be comprehensive, but to provide a brief and timely general review of tephra studies and their methodologies, and to make a case for better linking tephra research to archaeology, all from a primarily Scandinavian perspective. We argue that the identification of tephra in archaeological sediments should, in due time, become as routine as other types of geo-archaeological analyses, especially given that tephra cannot only act as a useful chronostratigraphic marker, but can also play a role in changing patterns of environmental and cultural change at the level of the site or the region. In order to move towards such integration, a series of methodological challenges have to be met. We outline some of these, and provide pointers as to how and where tephrochronologists and archaeologists can work together more closely.
Effects of E/Z Configuration of Fluoroalkene-containing HDAC Inhibitors on Selectivity for HDAC Isoforms
Authors: Chuman Yoshiro , Ueyama Mariko , Sano Satoshi , Wu Fei , Kiyota Yuhei , Higashi Takayoshi , Osada Satoshi , Sakaguchi Kazuyasu 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors belong to a new class of potential anticancer agents. It may be possible to reduce some of the toxicity by specifically targeting only the HDAC isoform. Here, stereoisomeric HDAC inhibitors containing fluoroalkene were analyzed for their specificity toward HDAC isoforms. Z-Form 1(Z) showed high affinity to HDACs whereas E-isoform 1(E) had lower affinity to HDAC1 and HDAC4. These data suggested that introduction of alkene with E/Z configuration to HDAC inhibitor can be a new strategy to develop the isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors.
Electrogenerated Acid (EGA)-catalyzed Addition of Diaryl Disulfides to Carbon–Carbon Multiple Bonds
Authors: Matsumoto Kouichi , Shimazaki Hayato , Sanada Tomonari , Shimada Kazuaki , Hagiwara Shino , Suga Seiji , Kashimura Shigenori , Yoshida Jun-ichi 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Addition of diaryl disulfides to carbon–carbon multiple bonds was achieved with a catalytic amount of an electrogenerated acid (EGA), which was produced by the electrolysis of Bu4N+B(C6F5)4−/CH2Cl2. The anti-addition products of two ArS groups across the carbon–carbon multiple bond were obtained in good yields.
Self-assembled Nanofibrils and Nanorings Formed from Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) Dimers
Authors: Yamauchi Mitsuaki , Chiba Yosuke , Karatsu Takashi , Kitamura Akihide , Yagai Shiki 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Azobenzene dimer 1 has been previously shown to form chiral nanorings in nonpolar solvents. In this study, azobenzene chromophores are replaced with oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (OPV). The resulting OPV dimer 2 was shown to form a small number of nanorings, and other assemblies were extended fibrils due to stronger π–π stacking interaction.
A New Water-soluble Fluorescent Dye Based on 2-Sulfanylhydroquinone Dimers
Authors: Nokubi Tomomi , Nasu Kotaro , Watanabe Ryusuke , Kamimura Akio 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
In this study, a new water-soluble fluorescent dye based on 2-sulfanylhydroquinone dimers was developed, and its physical properties were investigated.
Facial sinus tract associated with periodontitis in a cat
Authors: Putter Gerhard 
Published: May 2013

Periodontitis in cats infrequently leads to facial abscess development but should always be considered as an underlying cause of this common problem. Without removal of the underlying cause of an abscess it will probably reoccur as soon as antibiotic or anti-inflammatory treatment ends. For this reason, it is important to identify dental disease as a possible underlying cause of these abscesses. This case demonstrates very effectively that an accurate diagnosis and the formulation of an effective treatment plan would be impossible without the use of intraoral radiography. The fact that no effective decisions about diagnosis and treatment of tooth resorption are possible without the use of radiography is underlined by this case.
Clinical Forum: canine pancreatitis and biliary duct obstruction
Authors: Walker David 
Published: May 2013

Part 1: The medic's perspective This clinical forum will review pancreatic disease in dogs, primarily focusing on patients that go on to develop obstruction of the biliary tree. A panel of specialists will be asked a series of commonly asked questions relating to pancreatitis and concurrent biliary tract obstruction, with varying views expressed! Over the coming weeks, further articles on this topic will be published, giving both an imager's and surgeon's perspective on canine pancreatitis and biliary duct obstruction.
Resonant Frequency Testing of New York City Rock Types
Authors: Brant Logan C. , Nikolaou Sissy , Moss Cheryl 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The elastic properties of rock are important in geotechnical design, including aspects of site characterization, foundation selection, and seismic wave attenuation and response of overlying soils. In this paper, the authors present results of laboratory-resonant frequency testing used to evaluate the low-strain dynamic elastic moduli of intact rock samples representing many of the rock types encountered in the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area. NYC lies on very old geologic formations, with bedrock more than a billion years old in some areas. Because of its age and the tectonic history, the regional bedrock is amazingly complex and varied, as demonstrated by laboratory tests performed on about 100 specimens of various rock types included in this study. The tests were performed using the resonant frequency method with impulse excitation, where the response of a rock specimen of known dimensions and mass is measured by a lightweight accelerometer on the surface of the specimen. This method requires an assumption that the rock's stiffness is isotropic, an assumption that simplifies the characterization of materials, which in actuality are often anisotropic and quite complex. Depending on the excitation mode, fundamental frequencies were measured in the transverse, longitudinal, and torsional directions. These frequencies are directly related to low-strain values of the Young's modulus (E), shear modulus (G), and shear wave velocity (Vs) of the intact rock. The paper compares these laboratory measurements to: (i) low-strain in situ field seismic testing results, (ii) large-strain laboratory results of unconfined compressive strength testing, and (iii) correlations in the literature. NYC region-specific preliminary correlations for the dynamic elastic stiffness properties of intact rock are presented.
Soldatische Hinterwäldler oder Avantgarde? Über die einsatzbezogenen Erfahrungen der Kaiserlichen Schutztruppe in »Deutsch-Südwestafrika«
Authors: Häußler Matthias 
Published: May 2013

Zusammenfassung
In den Augen höherer Offiziere aus der Metropole war die »Kaiserliche Schutztruppe in Deutsch-Südwestafrika« militärisch eine Hinterwelt und dem Heimatheer in allen Belangen unterlegen. Die Erfahrung insbesondere jüngerer Offiziere, die sich unter den massiven Truppenverstärkungen im Zuge der Aufstände von 1904 befanden und bei den Feldtruppen ihren Dienst versahen, fiel hingegen ganz anders aus. Nach ihren Berichten erwiesen sich sowohl Offiziere wie auch Mannschaften den aus der Heimat herausgesandten Kräften als deutlich überlegen. Dies hing nicht nur mit ihrer besseren Kenntnis von Land, Gegnern und Kleinkriegführung zusammen. So zeichneten sich die Offiziere dadurch aus, dass sie nicht blind dem »Dogma der Vernichtungsschlacht« anhingen, sondern wussten, dass das Operative nur einen Aspekt neben anderen der Kriegführung darstellt, und legten ein hohes Maß an sozialer Verantwortung »nach unten« an den Tag. Die Selbstständigkeit, zu der die Mannschaften erzogen waren und die freilich auch der Logik der Siedlergesellschaft folgte, nahm sie deutlich gegenüber den »neuen« Verbänden aus und machte sie zu einer Verkörperung des Soldaten, dessen die Schlachtfelder des 20. Jahrhunderts bedurften. Die »alte« Schutztruppe war nicht nur nicht ihrer Zeit hinterher, sondern dieser sogar deutlich voraus.
General Pediatric Attending Physicians’ and Residents’ Knowledge of Inpatient Hospital Finances
Authors: Rock Thomas A. , Xiao Rui , Fieldston Evan 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
There is evidence suggesting that physicians have a limited foundation of knowledge on health care finances and limited awareness of hospital costs and charges. The objective was to analyze general pediatric attending physicians’ and residents’ knowledge of costs, charges, and reimbursements for care rendered in the inpatient setting.

METHODS:
An online survey was administered to all general pediatric attending physicians who work on the inpatient service and the entire pediatric residency program at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) in spring of 2011. Participants’ estimates of costs, charges, and reimbursements for several common tests, medications, and services were obtained and analyzed.

RESULTS:
A total of 38 attending physicians and 100 residents participated in the study (84% and 76% response rates, respectively). The majority of both attending physicians (71%) and residents (75%) characterized their understanding as “Minimally knowledgeable” or “Completely unaware”. Only 15% of attending physicians’ estimates and 11% of residents’ estimates were within ±25% of true values across all surveyed costs, charges, and reimbursements. Percent error did not vary by level of experience or self-reported knowledge for attending physicians and residents.

CONCLUSIONS:
Attending physicians and residents demonstrated limited knowledge of costs, charges, and reimbursements as shown by a low accuracy of estimates and a high percent error, compared with the actual values. To meet expectations for competency in systems-based practice and to be effective stewards of medical resources, it appears that pediatricians need further financial education.
A Qualitative Study of the Day-to-Day Lives of Obese Mexican-American Adolescent Females
Authors: Taylor Sharonda Alston , Garland Beth H. , Sanchez-Fournier Blanca E. , Allen Kaitlyn Florence , Doak Jean S. , Wiemann Constance M. 
Published: May 2013

OBJECTIVE:
In an effort to develop more effective weight-loss interventions, this study examined the daily experiences and personal struggles of Mexican-American adolescent females with morbid obesity.

METHODS:
Twenty self-identified, morbidly obese Mexican-American adolescent females and their families were interviewed about their food choices, personal and family barriers to weight loss, sources of support, previous weight-loss experience, and weight-related beliefs. Qualitative responses were coded by using framework analysis.

RESULTS:
Four themes emerged from the adolescent and family responses: the impact of normal adolescent development, multiple sources of excess calories, the physical and emotional burden of excess weight for the adolescent, and the magnitude of the family’s personal struggle with weight management. Multiple subthemes were also identified.

CONCLUSIONS:
Responses by the adolescents and their families highlighted the intersection of adolescence and Mexican-American culture and the daily challenges of obesity. Recommendations for providers include incorporating knowledge of adolescent development and culturally sensitive care into treatment recommendations.
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Daytime and Nighttime Sleep Duration in Early Childhood
Authors: Touchette Evelyne , Dionne Ginette , Forget-Dubois Nadine , Petit Dominique , Pérusse Daniel , Falissard Bruno , Tremblay Richard E. , Boivin Michel , Montplaisir Jacques Y. 
Published: May 2013

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors on daytime and nighttime continuous sleep duration at 6, 18, 30, and 48 months of age, and to identify different subgroups of children who followed different daytime and nighttime sleep duration trajectories and to investigate their etiology.

METHODS:
The current study included 995 twins (405 monozygotic and 586 dizygotic) of the Quebec Newborn Twin Study recruited from the birth records of the Quebec Statistics Institute. Daytime and nighttime sleep was assessed through maternal reports at 6, 18, 30, and 48 months of age. A semiparametric modeling strategy was used to estimate daytime and nighttime sleep duration trajectories. Quantitative genetic models were used to examine to what extent genetic and environmental factors influenced daytime and nighttime continuous sleep duration.

RESULTS:
Genetic modeling analyses revealed environmental influences for all daytime sleep duration trajectories. In contrast, strong genetic influences were found for consolidated nighttime sleep duration (except at 18 months and for the short-increasing sleep duration trajectory).

CONCLUSIONS:
This is the first indication that early childhood daytime sleep duration may be driven by environmental settings, whereas the variance in consolidated nighttime sleep duration is largely influenced by genetic factors with a critical environmental time-window influence at ∼18 months.