bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin wound healing in different aged Xenopus laevis
Authors: Bertolotti Evelina , Malagoli Davide , Franchini Antonella 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTXenopus froglets can perfectly heal skin wounds without scarring. To explore whether this capacity is maintained as development proceeds, we examined the cellular responses during the repair of skin injury in 8‐ and 15‐month‐old Xenopus laevis. The morphology and sequence of healing phases (i.e., inflammation, new tissue formation, and remodeling) were independent of age, while the timing was delayed in older frogs. At the beginning of postinjury, wound re‐epithelialization occurred in form of a thin epithelium followed by a multilayered epidermis containing cells with apoptotic patterns and keratinocytes stained by anti‐inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) antibody. The inflammatory response, early activated by recruitment of blood cells immunoreactive to anti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, iNOS, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9, persisted over time. The dermis repaired by a granulation tissue with extensive angiogenesis, inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and anti‐α‐SMA positive myofibroblasts. As the healing progressed, wounded areas displayed vascular regression, decrease in cellularity, and rearrangement of provisional matrix. The epidermis restored to a prewound morphology while granulation tissue was replaced by a fibrous tissue in a scar‐like pattern. The quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated an up‐regulated expression of Xenopus suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (XSOCS-3) and Xenopus transforming growth factor-β2 (XTGF-β2) soon after wounding and peak levels were detected when granulation tissue was well developed with a large number of inflammatory cells. The findings indicate that X. laevis skin wound healing occurred by a combination of regeneration (in epidermis) and repair (in dermis) and, in contrast to froglet scarless wound healing, the growth to a more mature adult stage is associated with a decrease in regenerative capacity with scar‐like tissue formation. J. Morphol. 274:956–964, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bioactive‐rich Sideritis scardica tea (mountain tea) is as potent as Camellia sinensis tea at inducing cellular antioxidant defences and preventing oxidative stress
Authors: Danesi Francesca , Saha Shikha , Kroon Paul A , Glibetić Marija , Konić‐Ristić Aleksandra , D'Antuono Luigi F , Bordoni Alessandra 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn several countries, tea (hot‐water infusions of dried Camellia sinensis (CS) leaves) is a major source of antioxidant flavonoids, and its consumption has been associated with several favourable outcomes. Other plants used for the preparation of herbal teas are sources of phenolic antioxidant compounds; among them Sideritis scardica (SS) is used for the preparation of a popular drink throughout Eastern and Central Europe. We have compared the effects of an SS extract to a CS extract in HepG2 cells to set the scientific basis for the exploitation of other herbal teas in counteraction of oxidative stress.RESULTSAlthough SS extract had a lower phenolic concentration and total antioxidant capacity than CS extract, their cellular antioxidant effects were similar. The different phenolic pattern of the extracts suggests that the protective activity is not limited to catechins.CONCLUSIONAlthough further research is needed, our data represent a first contribution for the evaluation of the potential effect of SS in increasing antioxidant defences. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Novel Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Method to Yield Copper‐Free Block Copolymeric Biomaterials
Authors: Adams Justin R. , Mallapragada Surya K. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA new catalyst is reported for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) for the synthesis of copper‐free poly(2‐diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (PDEAEM)‐based pentablock copolymeric biomaterials that have been shown to be effective gene delivery vectors. Biocompatibility is an increasing concern with growing applications for functional polymers with potential applications in drug and gene delivery, because of the residual soluble copper salts used as catalysts. The reported ATRP synthesis method utilizes novel copper(I) oxide nanoparticles as catalysts that can be easily removed after polymerization, with X‐ray spectroscopy (XPS) showing no residual copper in the final product.magnified image
LC/MS characterization of rotenone induced cardiolipin oxidation in human lymphocytes: Implications for mitochondrial dysfunction associated with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Tyurina Yulia Y. , Winnica Daniel E. , Kapralova Valentina I. , Kapralov Alexandr A. , Tyurin Vladimir A. , Kagan Valerian E. 
Published: May 2013

ScopeRotenone is a toxicant believed to contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease.Methods and resultsUsing human peripheral blood lymphocytes we demonstrated that exposure to rotenone resulted in disruption of electron transport accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen species, development of apoptosis and elevation of peroxidase activity of mitochondria. Employing LC/MS‐based lipidomics/oxidative lipidomics we characterized molecular species of cardiolipin (CL) and its oxidation/hydrolysis products formed early in apoptosis and associated with the rotenone‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction.ConclusionThe major oxidized CL species – tetra‐linoleoyl‐CL – underwent oxidation to yield epoxy‐C18:2 and dihydroxy‐C18:2 derivatives predominantly localized in sn‐1 and sn‐2 positions, respectively. In addition, accumulation of mono‐lyso‐CL species and oxygenated free C18:2 were detected in rotenone‐treated lymphocytes. These oxidation/hydrolysis products may be useful for the development of new biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction.
Local field of view imaging for alias‐free undersampling with nonlinear spatial encoding magnetic fields
Authors: Weber Hans , Schultz Gerrit , Gallichan Daniel , Hennig Jürgen , Zaitsev Maxim 
Published: May 2013

PurposeNonlinear spatial encoding magnetic fields result in an inhomogeneous image resolution. Within this study, this characteristic property of nonlinear encoding is investigated with regard to its potential to accelerate MRI acquisitions.TheoryA dependency between k‐space coverage and local resolvability of the image causes k‐space samples to have a spatially localized contribution to the reconstruction of the spin density. On the basis of this observation, a concept for alias‐free data undersampling is developed, which is referred to as the local field of view concept.MethodsOn the basis of this concept, a fast sampling trajectory is developed. It is evaluated with simulations and experiments (both using a phantom and in vivo) for MRI with, as an example, pure quadrupolar encoding fields. To demonstrate that the concept is only applicable to (spatially) nonlinear encoding, a comparison with linear encoding is provided.ResultsApplication of the local field of view concept results in a localized adaptation of the image resolution by undersampling higher frequency k‐space samples without introducing aliasing.ConclusionsA new effect of nonlinear spatial encoding magnetic fields was found, which allows more efficient data sampling and at the same time counterbalancing the natural variation in image resolution. Magn Reson Med 71:1002–1014, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Professional Associations and Members' Benefits: What's in It for Me?
Authors: Markova Gergana , Ford Robert C. , Dickson Duncan R. , Bohn Thomas M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn this study we examine reasons that professionals become and remain members of professional associations. We looked at tangible and symbolic benefits that an association can provide to attract members. Satisfaction with these benefits was linked to overall membership satisfaction and intent to renew the membership. We also considered the role of customer service in shaping members' attitudes. Based on the responses of 1,980 members of a large international accounting association, we found that members who were satisfied with their benefits and with the quality of customer service reported higher membership satisfaction and intent to renew. We also found that professionals who were more involved in the association were more satisfied with it. Contrary to predictions, younger professionals were less concerned with the value of the benefits of membership. As expected, longer‐tenured members were more likely to consider maintaining their memberships. We conclude with a discussion of practical and research implications for the management of professional associations.
Lipocalin‐2 increases fat oxidation in vitro and is correlated with energy expenditure in normal weight but not obese women
Authors: Paton Chad M. , Rogowski Michael P. , Kozimor Amanda L. , Stevenson Jada L. , Chang Hui , Cooper Jamie A. 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveThe role of lipocalin‐2 (Lcn2) was determined in regulating metabolism in cell, animal, and human models.Design and MethodsAdipocytes were treated with recombinant lipocalin‐2 (rLcn2) to determine the effect on lipid metabolism. rLcn2 was injected into mice to determine the effect on metabolism in vivo. To assess the relationship between Lcn2 and fat oxidation (FatOx) in humans, normal weight (NW) and obese (OB) women were given three separate high fat (HF) meals followed by indirect calorimetry. The relationship between postprandial Lcn2 with macronutrient metabolism and total energy expenditure (TEE) using Pearson correlations was determined.ResultsLcn2 increased expression of genes involved in β‐oxidation including peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐δ in adipocytes, as well as 3H labeled oleate β‐oxidation. Lcn2 injected into chow‐fed mice directly increased TEE by 18% after the first dark cycle (232 ± 1.4 cal vs. 341 ± 1.4 cal; PBS vs. Lcn2) and remained significantly elevated by 10% after the second dark cycle (296 ± 1.4 cal vs. 326 ± 1.4 cal; PBS vs. Lcn2). Lcn2 was correlated with TEE in all three HF meal challenges in NW but not OB females.ConclusionsLipocalin‐2 is a novel adipokine that promotes FatOx and TEE and its function may be impaired in obesity.
Independent and combined effects of dietary weight loss and exercise on leukocyte telomere length in postmenopausal women
Authors: Mason Caitlin , Risques Rosa‐Ana , Xiao Liren , Duggan Catherine R. , Imayama Ikuyo , Campbell Kristin L. , Kong Angela , Foster‐Schubert Karen E. , Wang C.Y. , Alfano Catherine M. , Blackburn George L. , Rabinovitch Peter S. , McTiernan Anne 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveInvestigate the effects of 12 months of dietary weight loss and/or aerobic exercise on leukocyte telomere length in postmenopausal women.Design and MethodsFour hundred and thirty nine overweight or obese women (50‐75 years) were randomized to: (i) dietary weight loss (N = 118); (ii) aerobic exercise (N = 117), (iii) diet + exercise (N = 117), or (iv) control (N = 87). The diet intervention was a group‐based program with a 10% weight loss goal. The exercise intervention was 45 min day−1, 5 days week−1 of moderate‐to‐vigorous aerobic activity. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and 12 months. DNA was extracted from isolated leukocytes and telomere length was measured by quantitative‐polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Mean changes were compared between groups (intent‐to‐treat) using generalized estimating equations.ResultsBaseline telomere length was inversely associated with age (r = −0.12 P < 0.01) and positively associated with maximal oxygen uptake (r = 0.11, P = 0.03), but not with BMI or %body fat. Change in telomere length was inversely correlated with baseline telomere length (r = −0.47, P < 0.0001). No significant difference in leukocyte telomere length was detected in any intervention group compared to controls, nor was the magnitude of weight loss associated with telomere length at 12 months.ConclusionsTwelve months of dietary weight loss and exercise did not change telomere length in postmenopausal women.
Enrichment strategies in glycomics‐based lung cancer biomarker development
Authors: Ruhaak L. Renee , Nguyen Uyen Thao , Stroble Carol , Taylor Sandra L. , Taguchi Ayumu , Hanash Samir M. , Lebrilla Carlito B. , Kim Kyoungmi , Miyamoto Suzanne 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThere is a need to identify better glycan biomarkers for diagnosis, early detection, and treatment monitoring in lung cancer using biofluids such as blood. Biofluids are complex mixtures of proteins dominated by a few high abundance proteins that may not have specificity for lung cancer. Therefore, two methods for protein enrichment were evaluated; affinity capturing of IgG and enrichment of medium abundance proteins, thus allowing us to determine which method yields the best candidate glycan biomarkers for lung cancer.Experimental designN‐glycans isolated from plasma samples from 20 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and 20 matched controls were analyzed using nLC‐PGC‐chip‐TOF‐MS (where PGC is porous‐graphitized carbon). N‐glycan profiles were obtained for five different fractions: total plasma, isolated IgG, IgG‐depleted plasma, and the bound and flow‐through fractions of protein enrichment.ResultsFour glycans differed significantly (false discovery rate, FDR < 0.05) between cases and controls in whole unfractionated plasma, while four other glycans differed significantly by cancer status in the IgG fraction. No significant glycan differences were observed in the other fractions.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThese results confirm that the N‐glycan profile in plasma of lung cancer patients is different from healthy controls and appears to be dominated by alterations in relatively abundant proteins.
MASS OCCURRENCE OF BLOODSUCKING BLACKFLIES IN A REGULATED RIVER REACH: LOCALIZATION OF OVIPOSITION HABITAT OF SIMULIUM TRUNCATUM USING DNA BARCODING
Authors: Brabrand Å. , Bremnes T. , Koestler A. G. , Marthinsen G. , Pavels H. , Rindal E. , Raastad J. E. , Saltveit S. J. , Johnsen A. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTIn order to understand the factors giving rise to a stable and annual outbreak of the pest blackfly species Simulium truncatum (Lundström, 1911) (Simuliidae), the oviposition habitat has been localized and the egg density quantified at different contour levels in the studied regulated river channel bank. Larvae and adults of 12 blackfly species were identified to species based on morphology. As reference library for subsequent species identification of eggs and small larvae, these specimens were subsequently DNA sequenced for the barcode gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. Interspecific distance was large between species or species complexes (average nearest neighbour distance: 0.14; range: 0.09–0.20), while intraspecific distance was comparatively low except for the Simulium ornatum and Simulium tuberosum species complexes. S. truncatum was the only species located high up in the channel bank. The core oviposition habitat was a steep moist erosion edge with moss and dead roots and with a continuous supply of groundwater. Egg densities were estimated to 42 773–50 274 eggs cm–2. Humid oviposition areas high up on the riverbank, but within the annual spring flood levels, seem to be the basis for annual outbreaks of S. truncatum. The mass occurrence of S. truncatum is a phenomenon probably created by man, directly related to the river regulation regime and the construction of a dam in 1936, which gave rise to the formation of the channel and the erosion edge. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Uncommon suffix tries
Authors: Cénac Peggy , Chauvin Brigitte , Paccaut Frédéric , Pouyanne Nicolas 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCommon assumptions on the source producing the words inserted in a suffix trie with n leaves lead to a height and saturation level. We provide an example of a suffix trie whose height increases faster than a power of n and another one whose saturation level is negligible with respect to . Both are built from VLMC (Variable Length Markov Chain) probabilistic sources and are easily extended to families of tries having the same properties. The first example corresponds to a “logarithmic infinite comb” and enjoys a non uniform polynomial mixing. The second one corresponds to a “factorial infinite comb” for which mixing is uniform and exponential. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 46, 117–141, 2015
Simulation der Lebensdauer von Stahltragwerken unter Einbeziehung bruchmechanischer Konzepte
Authors: Lener Gerhard , Reiterer Daniel 
Published: May 2013

AbstractDie Beurteilung der Nutzungsdauer bestehender Stahltragwerke rückt durch die zunehmende Bedeutung der Bauwerkserhaltung und Bauwerksmodernisierung immer mehr in den Vordergrund. Die Hauptursache der Schäden an bestehenden Stahlkonstruktionen unter zyklischer Beanspruchung ist die Materialermüdung. Da Stahlkonstruktionen im Allgemeinen fehlertolerant sind, erstreckt sich deren mögliche Nutzungsdauer nicht nur auf die Lebensdauer bis zum technischen Anriss. Aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen kann auch die anschließende Rissfortschrittsphase genutzt werden. In diesem Beitrag wird entwickelte Software zur Simulation der Rissfortschrittsphase und deren Anwendung an realen Bauteilen vorgestellt.Simulation of the service life of steel constructions including fracture‐mechanics concepts. The assessment of the total service life cycle of steel constructions will become much more important by the increasing meaning of building preservation and building modernization. The main cause for failure of existing structural steel constructions under cyclic loading is material fatigue. Most steel constructions are failure tolerant. This behaviour can be considered for economic reasons by including the crack propagation phase into the assessment. This paper will present developed software tools and results of executed simulations of the crack propagation phase on real steel structures.
Die neue ÖBB‐Rheinbrücke bei Lustenau, Österreich – Ein außergewöhnliches Bogenbrückentragwerk
Authors: Außerlechner Albert , La Poutré Dagowin , Fischer Manfred 
Published: May 2013

AbstractDie neue grenzüberschreitende Eisenbahnbrücke der Österreichischen Bundesbahnen (ÖBB) verbindet den Schweizer Kanton St. Gallen mit dem österreichischen Bundesland Vorarlberg. Sie liegt auf dem eingleisigen Streckenabschnitt St. Margrethen (CH) – Lauterach (A) und führt bei Lustenau über den Rhein. Dieser Streckenabschnitt steht im Eigentum der ÖBB und ist Teil der internationalen Eisenbahnstrecke Zürich – Bregenz – München. Mit dem Neubau der Rheinbrücke wurden die Projektziele Hochwasserschutz sowie eine Fahrzeitverkürzung auf dem österreichischen Streckenabschnitt umgesetzt. Ausgelöst durch die Vorgaben der internationalen Rheinregulierung (IRR) zum Hochwasserschutz am Rhein (Abflusskapazität neu von 4300 m³/s) musste die Brückenunterkante um 2 m gegenüber dem Bestand angehoben und die Trassenführung um rund 12 m nach Süden verschoben werden. Diese neue Linienführung ermöglichte die Anhebung der Streckengeschwindigkeit von bisher 60 km/h auf 90 km/h.Im Projektabschnitt waren sieben weitere Brückenbauwerke betroffen und mussten neu errichtet werden. Bereits in der Planungsphase wurde die intensive Zusammenarbeit mit der Internationalen Rheinregulierung (IRR), dem Land Vorarlberg und den Schweizer Behörden gesucht. Für die Erstellung der statischen Berechnung der grenzüberschreitenden Brücke wurde bilateral vereinbart, dass die Eurocodes in Verbindung mit den österreichischen nationalen Festlegungen und nationalen Ergänzungen heranzuziehen sind.The new ÖBB Rhine Bridge near Lustenau, Austria – an exceptional arch bridge. The new international railway bridge of the Austrian federal railways (ÖBB) connects the Swiss canton of St. Gallen with the Austrian federal state of Vorarlberg. This bridge is part of the single track route from St. Margrethen (CH) to Lauterach (A) and crosses the river Rhine at Lustenau. The tracks of this section are owned by the ÖBB and they form part of the international route from Zurich via Bregenz to Munich. The new bridge fulfills the requirements of flood control and reduction of travel time. Due to the requirements of the International Rhine Regulation (IRR) to allow a flow capacity of 4300 m³/s, the soffit of the new bridge had to be raised by 2 m compared with the old bridge and the new rail axis was offset 12m to the south. The new aligning allowed for an increase of speed from 60 km/h to 90 km/h.The project includes seven other bridges that had to be newly erected. During planning, close contact was held with the IRR, the federal state of Vorarlberg and Swiss authorities. In a bilateral agreement, it was defined that the Eurocode with Austrian national application documents would be used for the design.
Molecular interaction fields in drug discovery: recent advances and future perspectives
Authors: Artese Anna , Cross Simon , Costa Giosuè , Distinto Simona , Parrotta Lucia , Alcaro Stefano , Ortuso Francesco , Cruciani Gabriele 
Published: May 2013

Drug discovery is a highly complex and costly process, and in recent years, the pharmaceutical industry has shifted from traditional to genomics‐ and proteomics‐based drug research strategies. The identification of druggable target sites, promising hits, and high quality leads are crucial steps in the early stages of drug discovery projects. Pharmacokinetic (PK) and drug metabolism profiling to optimize bioavailability, clearance, and toxicity are increasingly important areas to prevent costly failures in preclinical and clinical studies. The integration of a wide variety of technologies and expertise in multidisciplinary research teams combining synergistic effects between experimental and computational approaches on the selection and optimization of bioactive compounds to pass these hurdles is now commonplace, although there remain challenging areas. Molecular interaction fields (MIFs) are widely used in a range of applications to support the discovery teams, characterizing molecules according to their favorable interaction sites and therefore enabling predictions to be made about how molecules might interact. The utility of MIF‐based in silico approaches in drug design is extremely broad, including approaches to support experimental design in hit‐finding, lead‐optimization, physicochemical property prediction and PK modeling, drug metabolism prediction, and toxicity. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2013, 3:594–613. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1150This article is categorized under:

Computer and Information Science > Chemoinformatics
Application of Fluorescence in Robotic General Surgery: Review of the Literature and State of the Art
Authors: Marano Alessandra , Priora Fabio , Lenti Luca Matteo , Ravazzoni Ferruccio , Quarati Raoul , Spinoglio Giuseppe 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe initial use of the indocyanine green fluorescence imaging system was for sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with breast or colorectal cancer. Since then, application of this method has received wide acceptance in various fields of surgical oncology, and it has become a valid diagnostic tool for guiding cancer treatment. It has also been employed in numerous conventional surgical procedures with much success and benefit to the patient. The advent of minimally invasive surgery brought with it a new use for fluorescence in helping to improve the safety of these procedures, particularly for single‐site procedures. In 2010, a near‐infrared camera was integrated into the da Vinci Si System, creating a combination of technical and minimally invasive advantages that have been embraced by several experienced surgeons. The use of fluorescence, although useful, is considered challenging. Only a few studies are currently available on the use of fluorescence in robotic general surgery, whereas many articles have focused on its application in open and laparoscopic surgery. Many of these reports describe promising and satisfactory results, although with some shortcomings. The purpose of this article is to review the current status of the use of fluorescence in general surgery and particularly its role in robotic surgery. We also review potential uses in the future.