bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal circumcision in severe haemophilia: a survey of paediatric haematologists at United States Hemophilia Treatment Centers
Authors: Kearney S. , Sharathkumar A. , Rodriguez V. , Chitlur M. , Valentino L. , Boggio L. , Gill J. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryNeonatal circumcision in patients with severe haemophilia has not been well studied. We performed a survey of paediatric haematologists from Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTC) across the United States to better understand the attitudes toward and management of neonatal circumcision in haemophilia patients. Response rate to our survey was 40% (n = 64/159). Thirty‐eight percent of respondents (n = 24) said that they would allow this procedure in the newborn period but in many cases this was against medical advice. The most reported concern regarding neonatal circumcision in haemophilia patients was the risk of development of an inhibitor (n = 25; 39%) followed by the concern for bleeding (n = 22; 34%) and issues related to vascular access in the neonate (n = 11; 17%). All respondents recommended at least one preprocedure dose of factor replacement. Twenty‐two percent (n = 14) of respondents did not use more than one dose of factor replacement but 32% (n = 21) used 1–2 postoperative doses. The remainder of paediatric haematologists surveyed recommended between 3–5 (16%; n = 10) and 6–10 (3%, n = 2) additional days postoperatively. There was wide variation in both techniques of circumcision as well as adjuvant haemostatic agents used. Only 22% of respondents said that they had an established protocol for management of circumcision in the newborn haemophilia patient. These survey results highlight the need for evidence‐based guidelines regarding the optimal management of circumcision in neonates with severe haemophilia.
Oral surgery‐associated postoperative bleeding in haemophilia patients – a tertiary centre's two decade experience
Authors: Givol N. , Hirschhorn A. , Lubetsky A. , Bashari D. , Kenet G. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryOur goal in this research was to evaluate potential and targeted therapy, correlated with haemophilia severity and dental procedural risk, to reduce postoperative bleeding risk. Patients with haemophilia who were treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic at Sheba Medical Center between 1996 and 2012 comprised the study cohort. Data collected included disease history and severity, perioperative factor concentrate therapy, local haemostatic agent application, systemic tranexamic acid use and outcome. Bleeding was defined as excessive bleeding during or within 20 days following procedure. Dental procedures (n = 1968) of 125 patients were studied. Patients’ bleeding risk score was evaluated according to the severity of haemophilia with or without the presence of an inhibitor, presence of comorbid coagulopathy and the type of dental procedure. Thirty‐four patients undergoing a total of 880 high‐risk and 1088 low‐risk procedures suffered 40 postoperative bleeding events that necessitated further dental and/or haematological intervention. Among risk factors for delayed bleeding, the use of fibrin glue was significantly (P = 0.027) associated with the risk of postprocedural bleed probably as it was applied to high‐risk patients and procedures. Earlier treatment period (P = 0.055), postprocedure hospitalization (P = 0.039) and dental “high‐risk” procedures (P < 0.0001) also increased bleeding risk. Patients with haemophilia may be safely treated if meticulous haemostasis is applied, along with fibrin glue and systemic therapy as required. Factor transfusions are not mandatory and should be applied considering the procedure‐related risk and the patient's calculated haematological risk for bleeding.
Slide navigation patterns among pathologists with long experience of digital review
Authors: Molin Jesper , Fjeld Morten , Mello‐Thoms Claudia , Lundström Claes 
Published: December 2014

AimsIn order to develop efficient digital pathology workstations, we studied the navigation patterns of pathologists diagnosing whole‐slide images. To gain a better understanding of these patterns, we built a conceptual model based on observations. We also determined whether or not new navigation patterns have emerged among pathologists with extensive digital experience.Methods and resultsFive pathologists were asked to diagnose a set of four cases while thinking out loud. The navigation within the digital slides was recorded and divided into re‐occurring navigation actions. The pathologists reused the same type of actions, but their occurrence differed. The most common action was a slow panning that followed an edge structure or covered an area systematically, which accounted for 30.2% of all actions and had a median duration of 7.2 s. Of all the actions, 49% were carried out within the navigation overview and 38% of the actions could not have been performed with a conventional microscope.ConclusionsThe new navigation possibilities in the digital workstation were used to a large extent. The division of actions into different concepts can be used to find and prioritize between existing user interface designs as well as to understand the different navigation styles used by different pathologists.
Evaluation of antioxidant activities and phenolic subtype contents of ethanolic bran extracts of Thai pigmented rice varieties through chemical and cellular assays
Authors: Surarit Worawat , Jansom Chalerm , Lerdvuthisopon Nusiri , Kongkham Supranee , Hansakul Pintusorn 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThis study revealed that the ethanolic bran extracts of 11 Thai pigmented (red and purple) and 2 nonpigmented rice varieties exerted scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals and ROS in HL‐60 cells in the following order: red > purple > nonpigmented rice. These rice extracts also showed the same order of phenolic and flavonoid contents, which were strongly correlated with their scavenging activity. Phenolic subtype analysis further indicated that proanthocyanidins as well as anthocyanins and protocatechuic acid contributed directly to antioxidant capacity in red and purple rice bran, respectively. In contrast, these pigmented rice bran extracts possessed moderate chelating activity partly attributed to their contents of phenolics and flavonoids, especially proanthocyanidins in red rice bran. Moreover, rice bran extracts significantly restored SOD and CAT activities in oxidative stress‐induced A549 cells. This study provides new insights on the intracellular potent antioxidant capacity of pigmented rice bran extracts in the cell‐based systems.
Valorisation of olive mill wastewater by enhancement of natural hydroxytyrosol recovery
Authors: Hamza Manel , Sayadi Sami 
Published: December 2014

SummaryRecovery of natural and simple phenolic compounds with high added value was performed successfully from olive mill wastewater. Three types of olive mill wastewater were assayed in bioconversion at 15 and 40 L in mechanically stirred systems for 2 h at 50 °C. Maximum hydroxytyrosol concentrations of about 1.53, 0.83 and 0.46 g L−1 were obtained in the presence of 5 IU Aspergillus niger β‐glucosidase per milliliter of OMW in North OMW, MSP and MCC, which were 2.70‐, 1.38‐ and 1.77‐fold higher than the controls, respectively. Enzymatic pretreatment was followed by two tangential flow membrane separation steps, microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF), and concentration procedures for the ultrafiltration permeate. The latter exhibited a COD level of 48.44 g L−1. The UF permeate concentration increased the hydroxytyrosol concentration to 7.2 g L−1. Hence, this innovative work described an environmently friendly process; pilot‐scale has allowed producing a new and natural product which obeyed the dietary requirements; it contains some minerals beneficial to health and does not contain heavy metals or chemicals. Overall, this chemical‐free large‐scale process proved efficient for recovery of natural hydroxytyrosol.
Analysis of tea catechins in vegetable oils by high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with liquid–liquid extraction
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wu Zufang , Weng Peifang , Yang Yang 
Published: December 2014

SummaryIn this study, a method was developed for the determination of various tea catechins in vegetable oils. Firstly, vegetable oils including tea seed oil, sunflower seed oil and soya bean oil were extracted by methanol/water (40:60, v/v), and then, a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of GA, caffeine, EGC, EGCG, EC, ECG, GC, GCG, C and CG. For the compounds detected in tested vegetable oils, LODs were in the range of 0.05–1.65 ng, both intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) were <5.0%, and the recovery rates were in the range of 96.2–100.5% with RSD <3.7%. The results showed in vegetable oils which declared to had added tea catechins in, the concentrations of tea catechins were less than that showed in package label, and the content of EGCG was the highest in all samples. Therefore, the advancement made in our study will facilitate studies of tea catechins in oil industry.
Poststroke Fatigue: Risk Factors and its Effect on Functional Status and Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Chen Yang-Kun , Qu Jian-Feng , Xiao Wei-Min , Li Wan-Yi , Weng Han-Yu , Li Wei , Liu Yong-Lin , Luo Gen-Pei , Fang Xue-Wen , Ungvari Gabor S. , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: December 2014

Background Fatigue is a common problem in ischemic stroke survivors. The mechanisms of poststroke fatigue are uncertain yet. The effects of it on functional status have rarely been studied. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors of poststroke fatigue and its effect on activities of daily living and health-related quality of life in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke. Methods Two hundred and eighteen patients with ischemic stroke formed the study sample. A comprehensive assessment, including the Fatigue Severity Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Lawton activities of daily living scale, and the stroke-specific quality of life scale, was conducted three-months after stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging scans focused on the evaluation of infarctions, white matter lesions, and brain atrophy. Results In the whole sample, with Fatigue Severity Scale as the dependent variable in a linear regression model, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, prestroke fatigue, and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission were significant correlates of Fatigue Severity Scale, accounting for 36% of the variance of it. When subjects with depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ≥ 20 or current usage of antidepressants) were excluded, only Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and prestroke fatigue remained significant correlates of Fatigue Severity Scale, accounting for 33% of the variance of Fatigue Severity Scale. No magnetic resonance imaging variables correlated with Fatigue Severity Scale. In bivariate correlation analyses, Fatigue Severity Scale was significantly correlated with both activities of daily living and stroke-specific quality of life. In linear regression models, Fatigue Severity Scale independently contributed to activities of daily living accounting for 27% of the variance. Fatigue Severity Scale was also a significant contributor to stroke-specific quality of life accounting for 39% of the variance. Conclusion Depressive symptoms and prestroke fatigue are major correlates of poststroke fatigue while more severe post-stroke fatigue is associated with poorer activities of daily living and health-related quality of life.
Effects of Blood Pressure Lowering in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Jusufovic Mirza , Sandset Else Charlotte , Bath Philip M. W. , Karlson Björn W. , Berge Eivind 
Published: December 2014

Background The Scandinavian Candesartan Acute Stroke Trial (SCAST) showed no beneficial clinical effects of blood pressure lowering with the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan in the acute phase of stroke. In the present analysis we wanted to see if the effects of blood pressure lowering are harmful in the subgroup of patients with carotid artery stenosis. Methods SCAST was a randomized- and placebo-controlled, double-masked trial of 2029 patients with acute stroke and high systolic blood pressure (≥140 mmHg). Of 1733 patients with ischemic stroke 993 underwent carotid artery imaging, and the degree of stenosis was categorized as no/insignificant (0–49%, n = 806), moderate (50–69%, n = 97) or severe (=70%, n = 90). The trial's two co-primary effect variables were the composite end-point of vascular death, stroke or myocardial infarction, and functional outcome at six-months, according to the modified Rankin Scale. Results Among patients with moderate or severe carotid artery stenosis the vascular end-point occurred in 9 of 87 patients (10·3%) treated with candesartan and in 17 of 100 controls (17·0%), and there was no evidence of a different risk in patients with severe stenosis (adjusted hazard ratio 0·74, 95% confidence interval 0·28–1·96, P = 0·54). For functional outcome there was also no clear difference, although in patients with severe stenosis the risk of a poor outcome was somewhat higher than in any of the other groups (adjusted odds ratio 2·24, 95% confidence interval 0·71–7·09, P = 0·16). Progressive stroke also occurred more often in patients with carotid artery stenosis treated with candesartan (10 of 87 patients (11·5%) vs. 4 of 100 patients (4·0%)), with a trend towards an increased risk with increasing severity of stenosis ( P-value for linear trend = 0·04). Conclusions There is no clear evidence that the effect of candesartan is qualitatively different in patients with carotid artery stenosis, but there are signals that patients with severe stenosis are at particularly high risk of stroke progression and poor functional outcome.
Effect of Addition of Clopidogrel to Aspirin on Subdural Hematoma: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Bakheet Majid F. , Pearce Lesly A. , Hart Robert G. 
Published: December 2014

Background Clopidogrel combined with aspirin is routinely prescribed after coronary artery stenting, in patients with acute coronary syndromes, and recently to prevent stroke in patients with acute minor ischemic stroke and TIA. Subdural hematomas are an important complication of antithrombotic treatment, but the risk associated with clopidogrel plus aspirin has not been previously defined. Purpose To quantify the risk of subdural hematoma associated with dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel plus aspirin. Methods Randomized clinical trials comparing clopidogrel plus aspirin with aspirin alone were identified by searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 1990 to 2014, and restricted to those with more than 7 days of treatment. Two reviewers independently extracted data about subdural hematomas. Results Of 24 randomized trials testing clopidogrel added to aspirin, results for subdural hematoma were available for 11 trials, of which eight did not identify any subdural hematomas. The three trials reporting subdural hematomas were double-blind and included patients with recent lacunar stroke, acute coronary syndromes or atrial fibrillation with a total of 23,136 patients (mean age 66 years) and reported 39 subdural hematomas during a mean follow-up 2·1 years per patient. Clopidogrel plus aspirin was associated with a significantly increased risk of subdural hematoma compared with aspirin alone (risk ratio 2·0, 95% CI 1·0, 3·8; P = 0·04; fixed effects model; I2 for heterogeneity of 0%, P = 0·51). The average absolute incidence of subdural hematoma averaged 1·1 (95%CI 0·7,1·6) per 1000 patient – years among those assigned clopidogrel plus aspirin in 11 randomized trials. Conclusions The absolute rate of subdural hematoma during dual antiplatelet therapy is low, averaging 1·1 per 1000 patient-years. Chronic treatment with clopidogrel plus aspirin significantly increases the risk of subdural hematoma compared with aspirin alone.
Improvement of wound tissue repair by chitosan films containing (–)‐borneol, a bicyclic monoterpene alcohol, in rats
Authors: Barreto Rosana SS , Quintans Jullyana SS , Barreto André S , Albuquerque‐Júnior Ricardo LC , Galvão Juliana G , Gonsalves Joice KMC , Nunes Rogéria S , Camargo Enilton A , Lucca‐Júnior Waldecy , Soares Rosilene C , Feitosa Vera Lúcia C , Quintans‐Júnior Lucindo J 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the wound‐healing activity of (–)‐borneol (BOR) incorporated in chitosan film on healing protocol in rodents. To assess the BOR wound‐healing potential, male Wistar rats were subjected to a full‐thickness excisional wound. The animals were divided into three groups: dressed with chitosan‐based film (QUIN); dressed with chitosan‐based film containing 0·5% BOR (QUIBO05); or dressed with chitosan‐based film containing 1% BOR (QUIBO1). Dressing the wound areas and histological analysis were performed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was assessed on the third and seventh days after surgical procedures. Wounds dressed with chitosan‐based film containing BOR reduced significantly the MPO activity (P < 0·001), showed significantly larger wound retraction rates (7 days, P < 0·05), improved the granulation reaction, and also provided better collagenisation density and arrangement during wound healing. It is suggested that BOR modulates the wound‐healing process and is a promising compound to be used in wound care. This product may be quite useful in improving wound healing and could be a new biotechnological product with healing properties and clinical application. Further ongoing studies will enable us to understand the precise mechanisms whereby BOR improves the wound‐healing process.
Physiological and Yield Responses of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to Drought Stress in Managed and Open Field Environments
Authors: Ammar M. H. , Anwar F. , El‐Harty E. H. , Migdadi H. M. , Abdel‐Khalik S. M. , Al‐Faifi S. A. , Farooq M. , Alghamdi S. S. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWater scarcity is threatening the sustainability of global food grain production systems. Devising management strategies and identification of crop species and genotypes are direly required to meet the global food demands with limited supply. This study, consisted of two independent experiments, was conducted to compare faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes Giza Blanka, Goff‐1, Hassawi‐1, Hassawi‐2 and Gazira‐2 in terms of physiological attributes and yield under water‐limited environments. In first experiment, conducted in a growth chamber, osmotic stress of −0.78, −0.96, −1.19 and −1.65 MPa was induced using polyethylene glycol for 4 weeks. In second experiment, conducted in open field for two consecutive growing seasons, water deficit treatments were applied 3 weeks after sowing. In this experiment, irrigation was applied when an amount of evaporated water from the ‘class A pan’ evaporation reached 50 mm (well watered), 100 mm (moderate drought) and 150 mm (severe drought). Water deficit, applied in terms of osmotic stress or drought, reduced the root and shoot length, related leaf water contents, total chlorophyll contents and efficiency of photosystem‐II, plant height, grain yield and related attributes in faba bean; increased the leaf free proline, leaf soluble proteins and malondialdehyde contents, and triggered the maturity in tested faba bean genotypes. However, substantial genetic variation was observed in the tested genotypes in this regard. For instance, root length of genotypes Giza Blanka and Hassawi‐2 decreased gradually, whereas it was increased in genotypes Goff‐1, Hassawi‐1 and Gazira‐2 with increase in the level of osmotic stress. Genotypes Gazira‐2 and Hassawi‐2 had better relative leaf water contents, leaf free proline and soluble proteins under water deficit conditions; however, these were minimum in genotype Giza Blanka. Better accumulation of leaf free proline, soluble proteins, and maintenance of chlorophyll contents, tissue water, efficiency of photosystem‐II and grain weight in water‐limited conditions helped some genotypes like Hassawi‐2 to yield better. Future breeding programs for developing new faba bean genotypes for water‐limited environments may consider these traits.
Openness to Experience and Intellect Differentially Predict Creative Achievement in the Arts and Sciences
Authors: Kaufman Scott Barry , Quilty Lena C. , Grazioplene Rachael G. , Hirsh Jacob B. , Gray Jeremy R. , Peterson Jordan B. , DeYoung Colin G. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe Big Five personality dimension Openness/Intellect is the trait most closely associated with creativity and creative achievement. Little is known, however, regarding the discriminant validity of its two aspects—Openness to Experience (reflecting cognitive engagement with perception, fantasy, aesthetics, and emotions) and Intellect (reflecting cognitive engagement with abstract and semantic information, primarily through reasoning)—in relation to creativity. In four demographically diverse samples totaling 1,035 participants, we investigated the independent predictive validity of Openness and Intellect by assessing the relations among cognitive ability, divergent thinking, personality, and creative achievement across the arts and sciences. We confirmed the hypothesis that whereas Openness predicts creative achievement in the arts, Intellect predicts creative achievement in the sciences. Inclusion of performance measures of general cognitive ability and divergent thinking indicated that the relation of Intellect to scientific creativity may be due at least in part to these abilities. Lastly, we found that Extraversion additionally predicted creative achievement in the arts, independently of Openness. Results are discussed in the context of dual‐process theory.
First Report of Aster Yellows Phytoplasma (16SrI‐B) Associated with Witches' Broom Disease of Melia azedarach var. japonica in Korea
Authors: Han Sang‐Sub , Baek So‐Jin , Lee Sang‐Hyun , Seo Sang‐Tae , Seralathan Kamala‐Kannan 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMelia azedarach var. japonica trees with leaf yellowing, small leaves and witches' broom were observed for the first time in Korea. A phytoplasma from the symptomatic leaves was identified based on the 16Sr DNA sequence as a member of aster yellows group, ribosomal subgroup 16SrI‐B. Sequence analyses of more variable regions such as 16S–23S intergenic spacer region, secY gene, ribosomal protein (rp) operon and tuf gene showed 99.5−100% nucleotide identity to several GenBank sequences of group 16SrI phytoplasmas. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the Melia azedarach witches' broom phytoplasma belongs to aster yellows group.