bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Experience with Treatment of Angioleiomyoma
Authors: Woo Kyoung Sik , Kim Sang Hun , Kim Han Seong , Cho Pil Dong 
Published: July 2014

Background Angioleiomyoma, a vascular leiomyoma, is a rare, benign smooth-muscle tumor that originates in the tunica media of vessels. It occurs anywhere in the body, most frequently in the lower extremities.
Methods We reviewed the medical records of 16 patients who were treated for angioleiomyoma between 2000 and 2012. The clinical features of angioleiomyoma and the correlation between symptoms and pathological subtypes were investigated.
Results There were 9 males and 6 females. Ages of the patients ranged from 21 to 61. Pain was the primary symptom in 44% of the patients. Tumors were smaller than 2.0 cm in all dimensions and were located in the face in 4 patients, whereas 5 lesions occurred in the upper extremities and the remaining 7 in the lower extremities. Three histologic subtypes were identified: solid, venous, and cavernous. The subtypes did not correlate with the clinical symptoms.
Conclusions Angioleiomyoma appears to be a rare tumor that occurs in the face and the extremities. The tumor usually occurs in middle age. A differential diagnosis of this tumor is difficult, but the tumor should be considered in the diagnosis of painful subcutaneous masses. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful in the diagnosis of angioleiomyoma. These tumors can be successfully treated with simple excision, with a low recurrence rate.
Real‐time Sonographically Guided Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy Using a Long‐Axis Approach Compared to the Landmark Technique
Authors: Dinh Vi Am , Farshidpanah Siavash , Lu Samantha , Stokes Phillip , Chrissian Ara , Shah Harsh , Giri Paresh , Hecht David , Nguyen H. Bryant 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesSonographic evaluation of neck anatomy before performing percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) has been shown to predict PDT success. In this study, we compared the real‐time, long‐axis, in‐plane approach to the traditional bronchoscopically guided landmark technique.MethodsData were analyzed from a prospectively maintained PDT database at a university tertiary care medical intensive care unit. A convenience sample of adult patients requiring PDT for prolonged mechanical ventilation dependence was enrolled. Critical care fellows, under direct supervision of an attending intensivist, performed all PDTs. Tracheostomy performance from the sonographically guided and landmark techniques was compared.ResultsTwenty‐three patients were enrolled: 11 in the sonography group and 12 in the landmark group. Initial midline introducer needle puncture was achieved in 72.7% in the sonography group compared to 8.3% in the landmark group (P< .001). The mean number of introducer needle punctures ± SD was significantly lower in the sonography group compared to the landmark group (1.4 ± 0.7 versus 2.6 ± 0.9; P < .001). The total tracheostomy time was 11.4 ± 4.2 minutes in the sonography group versus 15.3 ± 6.8 minutes in the landmark group (P = .12). Sonography accurately predicted tracheal ring space insertion in 90.9% of patients. Procedural complications did not differ significantly between the groups.ConclusionsPercutaneous dilatational tracheostomy under real‐time sonographic guidance using a long‐axis approach may increase the rate of midline punctures and decrease the number of needle punctures when compared to the landmark technique. Sonographic guidance can also help guide accurate and efficient placement of a tracheostomy tube into the desired tracheal ring space.
Sonographic Assessment of the Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Distal Ulnar Attachment
Authors: Farrow Lutul D. , Mahoney Andrew P. , Sheppard Joseph E. , Schickendantz Mark S. , Taljanovic Mihra S. 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine whether the long distal attachment of the medial ulnar collateral ligament (MUCL) can be delineated on sonography.MethodsWe used 12 fresh‐frozen cadaveric elbows for this study. We performed sonography of the elbow using a coronal‐equivalent long‐axis view of the MUCL. All sonographic examinations and measurements were performed by a board‐certified, fellowship‐trained musculoskeletal radiologist. Measurements were performed from the anteroinferior aspect of the medial epicondyle to the sublime tubercle and then from the sublime tubercle to the terminal fibers of the MUCL long ulnar attachment. We thenmeasured the length of the MUCL from its attachment at the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the sublime tubercle and then from the sublime tubercle to the distal extent of its terminal fibers at the ulnar attachment with digital calipers.ResultsOn sonography, the average length of the MUCL from its humeral attachment to the sublime tubercle (transarticular) was 19.6 mm. The average length of the ulnar attachment was 27.9 mm. The MUCL was thickest (mediolateral dimension) at its humeral attachment and tapered as it coursed distally along the ulnar attachment. The MUCL was clearly identified on sonography and in all anatomic specimens. On gross measurement, the average lengths of the transarticular portion of the MUCL and its ulnar footprint were 21.5 and 30.2 mm, respectively.ConclusionsWe have successfully shown that the distal ulnar attachment of the MUCL can be visualized on high‐resolution sonography. This preliminary work provides a framework for developing protocols for diagnosis of injuries to the distal ulnar collateral ligament.
Types of Sublingual Gland Herniation Observed During Sonography of Plunging Ranulas
Authors: Jain Prabha , Jain Ravi 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesPlunging ranulas have been shown to have a common trio of mylohyoid defects, sublingual gland herniation, and submandibular space fluid collections. The herniated sublingual gland may be susceptible to subclinical trauma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of occurrence of various types of active sublingual gland herniation observed during diagnostic sonographic studies.MethodsSonographic findings of sublingual gland herniation from 76 patients with a total of 80 plunging ranulas are presented. All sublingual gland herniations, including those on the contralateral side, were documented at the time of the examinations and reviewed later. The sonographic appearances of active sublingual gland herniation were given the names “slide,” “wobble,” “mushroom,” and “retrusion” to reflect the observed movement.ResultsMylohyoid defects were found in 98% of plunging ranulas. The different types of sublingual gland herniation observed were as follows: slide in 77.8%, wobble in 11.1%, mushroom in 9.7%, and retrusion in 1.4%. The unaffected contralateral side showed a wobble in 44.8% of cases and slide in 8.9%.ConclusionsSublingual gland herniation through mylohyoid defects is easily missed if one is unaware. Prior knowledge of the various types of sublingual gland herniation and their frequencies of occurrence are very helpful during diagnostic sonographic examinations.
Multiscale electromagnetic computations using a hierarchical multilevel fast multipole algorithm
Authors: Wei Jian‐Gong , Peng Zhen , Lee Jin‐Fa 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA hierarchical multilevel fast multipole method (H‐MLFMM) is proposed herein to accelerate the solutions of surface integral equation methods. The proposed algorithm is particularly suitable for solutions of wideband and multiscale electromagnetic problems. As documented in Zhao and Chew (2000) that the multilevel fast multipole method (MLFMM) achieves O(NlogN) computational complexity in the fixed mesh size scenario, hk = cst, where h is the mesh size and k is the corresponding wave number, for problems discretized under conventional mesh density. However, its performance deteriorates drastically for overly dense meshes where the couplings between different groups are dominated by evanescent waves or circuit physics. In the H‐MLFMM algorithm, two different types of basis functions are proposed to address these two different natures of physics corresponding to the electrical size of the elements. Specifically, for the propagating wave couplings, the plane wave basis function adopted by MLFMM are effective and they are inherited by H‐MLFMM. Whereas in the circuit physics and for the evanescent waves, H‐MLFMM employs the so‐called skeleton basis. Moreover, the proposed H‐MLFMM unifies the procedures to account for the couplings using these two distinct types of basis functions. O(N) complexity is observed for both memory and CPU time from a set of numerical examples with fixed mesh sizes. Numerical results are included to demonstrate that H‐MLFMM is error controllable and robust for a wide range of applications.
Economic analysis of the water demand in the hotels and restaurants sector: Shadow prices and elasticities
Authors: Angulo Ana , Atwi Majed , Barberán Ramón , Mur Jesús 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDespite the growing economic importance of tourism, and its impact on relative water shortage, little is known about the role that water plays in the productive process of hotels and restaurants and, therefore, the possible implications of water demand management policy for this sector. This study aims to fill this gap. It is based on the microdata of 676 firms in the sector, operating in the city of Zaragoza (Spain) for a 12 year period. Based on the Translog cost function, we estimate the shadow price of water in the short run and, from a long‐run perspective, its direct price elasticity, its cross elasticities relative to labor, capital, and supplies, and its elasticity with respect to the level of output. The results obtained show that water provides sector firms returns that are on average higher than its price, although in the case of hotels the margin is really narrow. This situation provides policy makers with a margin for applying price increases without affecting the sector's viability, with some caution in the case of hotels. Water demand elasticity equals −0.38 in the case of hotels, but it is not significant in the case of restaurants and bar‐cafes; hence, only in hotels is there potential for influencing water use patterns, encouraging the resource's conservation through pricing policy. Moreover, capital is a substitutive factor of water, and the elasticity of water with respect to output is 0.40, all of which should also be considered by policy makers in water resource management.
Worldwide retention of nutrient silicon by river damming: From sparse data set to global estimate
Authors: Maavara Taylor , Dürr Hans H. , Van Cappellen Philippe 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDamming of rivers represents a major anthropogenic perturbation of the hydrological cycle, with the potential to profoundly modify the availability of nutrient silicon (Si) in streams, lakes, and coastal areas. A global assessment of the impact of dams on river Si fluxes, however, is limited by the sparse data set on Si budgets for reservoirs. To alleviate this limitation, we use existing data on dissolved Si (DSi) retention by dams to calibrate a mechanistic model for the biogeochemical cycling of DSi and reactive particulate Si (PSi) in reservoir systems. The model calibration yields a relationship between the annual in‐reservoir siliceous primary productivity and the external DSi supply. With this relationship and an estimate of catchment Si loading, the model calculates the total reactive Si (RSi = DSi + PSi) retention for any given reservoir. A Monte Carlo analysis accounts for the effects of variations in reservoir characteristics and generates a global relationship that predicts the average reactive Si retention in reservoirs as a function of the water residence time. This relationship is applied to the Global Reservoirs and Dams database to estimate Si retention by damming worldwide. According to the results, dams retain 163 Gmol yr−1 (9.8 Tg SiO2 yr−1) of DSi and 372 Gmol yr−1 (22.3 Tg SiO2 yr−1) of RSi, or 5.3% of the global RSi loading to rivers.
Increasing summer drying in North American ecosystems in response to longer nonfrozen periods
Authors: Parida Bikash R. , Buermann Wolfgang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn snow‐dominated northern ecosystems, spring warming is predicted to decrease water availability later in the season and recent findings suggest that corresponding negative impacts on plant productivity and wildfire frequency are already observable. Here we estimate the overall vulnerability of North American ecosystems to warming‐related seasonal shifts in hydrology through identifying robust interannual linkages between nonfrozen periods, peak‐to‐late summer vegetation greenness, and an indicator of drought for 1982–2010. Our results show that longer nonfrozen periods earlier in the year are persistently associated with declines in peak‐to‐late summer greenness and moisture availability across large portions of North America. Hereby, vulnerabilities increase markedly across the dominant land covers with decreasing annual precipitation rates, lowering contributions of summer rainfall, and increasing altitude. The implications are that in a warmer world, seasonal hydrological shifts may emerge as a leading factor for summer drought in relatively dry temperate‐forested ecosystems and across the northern high latitudes.
Coherent sea level variability on the North Atlantic western boundary
Authors: Thompson P. R. , Mitchum G. T. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractInterannual to decadal sea level variability on the North Atlantic western boundary is surprisingly coherent over substantial distances stretching from the Caribbean to Nova Scotia. The physical mechanisms responsible for this basin‐scale, low‐frequency coherence are explored in a diagnosis of simulated ocean fields from GECCO, which reproduces the observations to good approximation. Coastal sea level variability on the western boundary is known to be influenced by meridional divergence in the boundary current resulting in a geostrophic tilting of the sea surface. This mechanism is found to be of leading order along some stretches of the boundary, but it does not account for the coherence spanning the western North Atlantic. Instead, the coherence along the entire boundary is accounted for by vertical divergence resulting in the uniform rise and fall of the sea surface west of the 295°E meridian. The vertical divergence is found to be due to net vertically integrated zonal transport across this meridian resulting from meridional variation in the Sverdrup transport over the basin interior.
Reimagining cost recovery in Pakistan's irrigation system through willingness‐to‐pay estimates for irrigation water from a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Bell Andrew Reid , Shah M. Azeem Ali , Ward Patrick S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIt is widely argued that farmers are unwilling to pay adequate fees for surface water irrigation to recover the costs associated with maintenance and improvement of delivery systems. In this paper, we use a discrete choice experiment to study farmer preferences for irrigation characteristics along two branch canals in Punjab Province in eastern Pakistan. We find that farmers are generally willing to pay well in excess of current surface water irrigation costs for increased surface water reliability and that the amount that farmers are willing to pay is an increasing function of their existing surface water supply as well as location along the main canal branch. This explicit translation of implicit willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for water (via expenditure on groundwater pumping) to WTP for reliable surface water demonstrates the potential for greatly enhanced cost recovery in the Indus Basin Irrigation System via appropriate setting of water user fees, driven by the higher WTP of those currently receiving reliable supplies.
Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Finding Multicomponent Nanomaterials with Superior Electrochemical Properties in the CoOx‐FeOx System for Use in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Jung Hyun , Lee Jong‐Heun , Kang Yun Chan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHigh‐temperature flame spray pyrolysis is employed for finding highly efficient nanomaterials for use in lithium‐ion batteries. CoOx‐FeOx nanopowders with various compositions are prepared by one‐pot high‐temperature flame spray pyrolysis. The Co and Fe components are uniformly distributed over the CoOx‐FeOx composite powders, irrespective of the Co/Fe mole ratio. The Co‐rich CoOx‐FeOx composite powders with Co/Fe mole ratios of 3:1 and 2:1 have mixed crystal structures with CoFe2O4 and Co3O4 phases. However, Co‐substituted magnetite composite powders prepared from spray solutions with Co and Fe components in mole ratios of 1:3, 1:2, and 1:1 have a single phase. Multicomponent CoOx‐FeOx powders with a Co/Fe mole ratio of 2:1 and a mixed crystal structure with Co3O4 and CoFe2O4 phases show high initial capacities and good cycling performance. The stable reversible discharge capacities of the composite powders with a Co/Fe mole ratio of 2:1 decrease from 1165 to 820 mA h g−1 as the current density is increased from 500 to 5000 mA g−1; however, the discharge capacity again increases to 1310 mA h g−1 as the current density is restored to 500 mA g−1.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Addition of Nucleophilic Silicon Across Terminal and Internal Carbon–Carbon Triple Bonds
Authors: Hazra Chinmoy K. , Fopp Carolin , Oestreich Martin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe copper(I) alkoxide‐catalyzed release of a silicon‐based cuprate reagent from a silicon–boron pronucleophile is applied to the addition across carbon–carbon triple bonds. Commercially available CuBr⋅Me2S was found to be a general precatalyst that secures high regiocontrol for both aryl‐ and alkyl‐substituted terminal as well as internal alkynes. The solvent greatly influences the regioisomeric ratio, favoring the linear regioisomer with terminal acceptors. This facile protocol even allows for the transformation of internal acceptors with remarkable levels of regio‐ and diastereocontrol.
Modified Eu‐doped Y2O3 nanoparticles as turn‐off luminescent probes for the sensitive detection of pyridoxine
Authors: Zobeiri Eshagh , Bayandori Moghaddam Abdolmajid , Gudarzy Forugh , Mohammadi Hadi , Mozaffari Shahla , Ganjkhanlou Yadolah 
Published: July 2014

AbstractEuropium‐doped yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Y2O3:Eu NPs) modified by captopril were prepared in aqueous solution. In this study, we report the effect of pyridoxine hydrochloride on the photoluminescence intensity of Y2O3:Eu NPs in pH 7.2 buffer solution. By increasing the pyridoxine concentration, the luminescence intensity of Y2O3:Eu NPs is quenched. The results show that this method demonstrates high sensitivity for pyridoxine determination. A linear relationship is observed between 0.0 and 62.0 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.995 and a detection limit of 0.023 μM. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distal trisomy 10q syndrome, report of a patient with duplicated q24.31 – qter, autism spectrum disorder and unusual features
Authors: Al‐Sarraj Yasser , Al‐Khair Hakam Abu , Taha Rowaida Ziad , Khattab Namat , El Sayed Zakaria H. , Elhusein Bushra , El‐Shanti Hatem 
Published: July 2014

Key Clinical MessageWe report on a patient with distal trisomy 10q syndrome presenting with a few previously undescribed physical features, as well as, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We recommend that patients with distal trisomy 10q syndrome should have a behavioral evaluation for ASD for the early institution of therapy.
gem‐Selective Cross‐Dimerization and Cross‐Trimerization of Alkynes with Silylacetylenes Promoted by a Rhodium–Pyridine–N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyst
Authors: Azpíroz Ramón , Rubio‐Pérez Laura , Castarlenas Ricardo , Pérez‐Torrente Jesús J. , Oro Luis A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe gem‐selective cross‐dimerization and ‐trimerization of silylacetylenes with alkynes through CH activation using a rhodium(I)–pyridine–N‐heterocyclic carbene catalyst have been developed. This reaction is applied to various aliphatic or aromatic terminal alkynes, internal alkynes, and gem‐1,3‐disubsituted enynes to afford the corresponding enynes and dienynes with high regio‐ and stereoselectivities and in good isolated yields (up to 91 %).
Synthesis of LiMn2O4 with Outstanding Lithium‐Insertion Kinetics and Long‐Term Stability
Authors: Laszczynski Nina , von Zamory Jan , Loeffler Nicholas , Cho Gyu Bong , Kim Guk‐Tae , Passerini Stefano 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA simple route for the synthesis of LiMn2O4 (LMO) at low calcination temperatures is proposed. The calcination temperature is known to influence the structure and surface morphology of LMO; therefore, materials synthesized at different temperatures are characterized by using different techniques. A correlation between the calcination temperature and the structure and surface morphology of the material is shown. The synthesis route described here works at low calcination temperatures (650 °C), which leads to LMO that has an excellent rate performance (110 mAh g−1) at a charge/discharge rate of 100 C, and avoids cation mixing, manganese dissolution, and Jahn–Teller distortion. The obtained morphology of octahedrons showing primarily (111) planes, ensures excellent electrochemical performance and stability.
Strongly Coupled Rhodium/Graphene Hybrids for H2O2 Oxidation with Ultra‐Low Potential and Enhanced Activity
Authors: Chang Hucheng , Lei Dr Yongjiu , He Dongqing , Sheng Xia , Song Zhiqian , Feng Xinjian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDeveloping nanostructured electrocatalysts, with low overpotential and high activity, has fundamental and technical importance in many fields. A new electrocatalyst for H2O2 oxidation based on strongly coupled rhodium nanocrystal/reduced graphene oxide (Rh/RGO) hybrid nanomaterials is described. The Rh/RGO nanohybrids markedly reduce the oxidation potential to about +0.1 V, which is 0.5 V lower than that of a traditional platinum electrode. The nanohybrids have a strong synergetic effect and are catalytically more active than single‐component Rh and RGO and state‐of‐the‐art commercial Rh/C catalysts.
Self‐Organised TiO2 Nanotubes for 2D or 3D Li‐Ion Microbatteries
Authors: Kyeremateng Nana Amponsah 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a Review on the development of thin‐film (all‐solid‐state) Li‐ion microbatteries. The need to move from 2D to 3D configurations, the ever‐increasing necessity to adopt Li‐ion or rocking‐chair technology in microbatteries, and the development of new processing techniques and materials are discussed. Materials based on TiO2 are very promising as negative electrodes for Li‐ion microbatteries. Strong emphasis is placed on the possibility of utilising TiO2, especially self‐supported nanotubular TiO2, as an anode material for commercial 2D or 3D Li‐ion microbatteries. The use of TiO2 is ecologically and economically competitive and provides cells with low self‐discharge while eliminating the risk of overcharging due to its relatively high operating voltage. The high operating voltage of TiO2 also presents the advantage of negligible electrolyte decomposition. Each polymorphic form of TiO2 (anatase, rutile, TiO2(B), or brookite) has an attractive lithium storage behaviour, especially, when nanostructured. Owing to their remarkable nanoarchitecture, TiO2 nanotubes grown by potentiostatic anodization, and their derivatives (cation‐ or anion‐doped and hierarchical composites with nanostructured metals or metal oxides), deserve attention for the fabrication of 2D or 3D Li‐ion microbatteries.