bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Young Stellar Objects in NGC 346: A JWST NIRCam/MIRI Imaging Survey
Authors: Habel Nolan , Nally Conor , Lenkić Laura , Meixner Margaret , De Marchi Guido , Kavanagh Patrick J. , Fahrion Katja , Nayak Omnarayani , Hirschauer Alec S. , Jones Olivia C. , Biazzo Katia , Brandl Bernhard R. , Jaspers J. , Pontoppidan Klaus M. , Robberto Massimo , Rogers C. , Sabbi E. , Sargent B. A. , Soderblom David R. , Zeidler Peter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present a JWST imaging survey with NIRCam and MIRI of NGC 346, the brightest star-forming region in the Small Magellanic Cloud. By combining aperture and point-spread function photometry of 11 wavelength bands across these two instruments, we have detected more than 200,000 unique sources. Using a near-infrared color analysis, we observe various evolved and young populations, including 196 young stellar objects (YSOs) and pre-main-sequence stars suitable for forthcoming spectroscopic studies. We expand upon this work, creating mid-infrared color–magnitude diagrams and determining color cuts to identify 833 reddened sources which are YSO candidates. We observe that these candidate sources are spatially associated with regions of dusty, filamentary nebulosity. Furthermore, we fit model YSO spectral energy distributions to a selection of sources with detections across all of our MIRI bands. We classify with a high degree of confidence 23 YSOs in this sample and estimate their radii, bolometric temperatures, luminosities, and masses. We detect YSOs approaching 1 M
⊙, the lowest-mass extragalactic YSOs confirmed to date.
A Multiwavelength, Multiepoch Monitoring Campaign of Accretion Variability in T Tauri Stars from the ODYSSEUS Survey. II. Photometric Light Curves
Authors: Wendeborn John , Espaillat Catherine C. , Thanathibodee Thanawuth , Robinson Connor E. , Pittman Caeley V. , Calvet Nuria , Kóspál Ágnes , Grankin Konstantin N. , Walter Fredrick M. , Guo Zhen , Eislöffel Jochen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) are young, low-mass stars that accrete material from their surrounding protoplanetary disk. To better understand accretion variability, we conducted a multiepoch, multiwavelength photometric monitoring campaign of four CTTSs, TW Hya, RU Lup, BP Tau, and GM Aur, in 2021 and 2022, contemporaneous with Hubble Space Telescope UV and optical spectra. We find that all four targets display significant variability in their light curves, generally on days-long timescales (but in some cases year-to-year), often due to periodicity associated with stellar rotation and to stochastic accretion variability. There is a strong connection between mass accretion and photometric variability in all bands, but the relationship varies per target and epoch. Thus, photometry should be used with caution as a direct measure of accretion in CTTSs.
Natal Kicks from the Galactic Center and Implications on Their Environment and for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
Authors: Jurado Carlos , Naoz Smadar , Lam Casey Y. , Hoang Bao-Minh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Most galaxies, including the Milky Way, harbor a central supermassive black hole (SMBH) weighing millions to billions of solar masses. Surrounding these SMBHs are dense regions of stars and stellar remnants, such as neutron stars (NSs) and black holes (BHs). NSs and possibly BHs receive large natal kicks at birth on the order of hundreds of kilometers per second. The natal kicks that occur in the vicinity of an SMBH may redistribute the orbital configuration of the compact objects and alter their underlying density distribution. We model the effects of natal kicks on a Galactic center (GC) population of massive stars and stellar binaries with different initial density distributions. Using observational constraints from stellar orbits near the GC, we place an upper limit on the steepness of the initial stellar profile and find it to be core-like. In addition, we predict that 30%–70% of compact objects become unbound from the SMBH due to their kicks and will migrate throughout the Galaxy. Different BH kick prescriptions lead to distinct spatial and kinematic distributions. We suggest that the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope may be able to distinguish between these distributions and thus be able to differentiate between natal kick mechanisms.
Electrostatic Bursts Generated by the Ion–Ion Acoustic Instability with Solar Wind Plasma Parameters
Authors: Afify Mahmoud Saad , Dreher Jürgen , Schoeffler Kevin , Micera Alfredo , Innocenti Maria Elena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study is motivated by recent observations from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission, which have been identified as ion-acoustic waves from 15 to 25 solar radii. These observations reveal characteristic sequences of narrowband, high-frequency bursts exceeding 100 Hz embedded into a slower evolution around 1 Hz, persisting for several hours. To explore the potential role of the ion-acoustic instability (IAI) in these phenomena, we begin by reviewing classical findings on the IAI within the framework of linear kinetic theory. Focusing on proton distributions comprising both a core and a beam component, we analyze the IAI instability range and growth rates within the parameter regime relevant to PSP observations. Our findings indicate that the IAI can indeed occur in this regime, albeit requiring electron-to-core and beam-to-core temperature ratios slightly different from reported values during electrostatic burst detection. Furthermore, employing one-dimensional kinetic plasma simulations, we validate the growth rates predicted by linear theory and observe the saturation behavior of the instability. The resultant nonlinear structures exhibit trapped proton beam populations and oscillatory signatures comparable to those observed, both in terms of timescales and amplitude.
First Detection of X-Ray Polarization in Galactic Ultraluminous X-Ray Pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124 with IXPE
Authors: Majumder Seshadri , Chatterjee Rwitika , Jayasurya Kiran M. , Das Santabrata , Nandi Anuj 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We report the results of first ever spectropolarimetric analyses of the Galactic ultraluminous X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124 during the 2023 outburst using quasi-simultaneous IXPE, NICER, and NuSTAR observations. A pulsation of period ∼9.79 s is detected in IXPE and NuSTAR observations with pulse fractions (PFs) ∼18% (2–8 keV) and ∼28% (3–78 keV), respectively. Energy-dependent study of the pulse profiles with NuSTAR indicates an increase in PF from ∼27% (3–10 keV) to ∼50% (40–78 keV). Further, epoch-dependent polarimetric measurements during the decay phase of the outburst confirm the detection of significant polarization, with the polarization degree (PD) and polarization angle ranging between ∼2%–3.1% and ∼8.°6–10.°8, respectively, in the 2–8 keV energy range. We also observe that the PD increases up to ∼4.8% at higher energies (≳5 keV) with dominating bbodyrad flux contribution (1.5 ≲ F
BB/F
PL ≲ 3.4) in the IXPE spectra. The phase-resolved polarimetric study yields PD as ∼1.7%–3.1% suggesting a marginal correlation with the pulse profiles. Moreover, the broadband (0.6–70 keV) energy spectrum of combined NICER and NuSTAR observations is well described by the combination of bbodyrad and cutoffpl components with seed photon temperature (kT
bb) ∼0.86 ± 0.03 keV and photon index (Γ) ∼0.98 ± 0.01. With the above findings, we infer that the observed “low” PD in Swift J0243.6+6124 is attributed possibly due to the “vacuum resonance” effect between the overheated and relatively cooler regions of the neutron star boundary layer.
Insights on the Formation Conditions of Uranus and Neptune from Their Deep Elemental Compositions
Authors: Mousis Olivier , Schneeberger Antoine , Cavalié Thibault , Mandt Kathleen E. , Aguichine Artyom , Lunine Jonathan I. , Benest Couzinou Tom , Hue Vincent , Moreno Raphaël 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study, placed in the context of the preparation for the Uranus Orbiter Probe mission, aims to predict the bulk volatile compositions of Uranus and Neptune. Using a protoplanetary disk model, it examines the evolution of trace species through vapor and solid transport as dust and pebbles. Due to the high carbon abundance found in their envelopes, the two planets are postulated to have formed at the carbon monoxide ice line within the protosolar nebula. The time evolution of the abundances of the major volatile species at the location of the CO ice line is then calculated to derive the abundance ratios of the corresponding key elements, including the heavy noble gases, in the feeding zones of Uranus and Neptune. Supersolar metallicity in their envelopes likely results from accreting solids in these zones. Two types of solids are considered: pure condensates (Case 1) and a mixture of pure condensates and clathrates (Case 2). The model, calibrated to observed carbon enrichments, predicts deep compositions. In Case 1, argon is deeply depleted, while nitrogen, oxygen, krypton, phosphorus, sulfur, and xenon are significantly enriched relative to their protosolar abundances in the two planets. Case 2 predicts significant enrichments for all species, including argon, relative to their protosolar abundances. Consequently, Case 1 predicts near-zero Ar/Kr or Ar/Xe ratios, while Case 2 suggests that these ratios are 0.1 and 0.5–1 times their protosolar ratios, respectively. Both cases predict a bulk sulfur-to-nitrogen ratio consistent with atmospheric measurements.
L’engagement des salariés : quelle contribution à la performance d’une mutuelle ?
Authors: Diné Sébastien , Szostak Bérangère L. 
Published: August 2024

Dans les mutuelles, en tant qu’organisation de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire, les salariés sont généralement considérés comme contribuant principalement à la performance économique, et les militants à la performance socio-politique, entendue comme l’atteinte d’objectifs véhiculés par des valeurs de l’ESS. Or, quelques rares travaux suggèrent que les salariés peuvent également contribuer à cette performance socio-politique, sans en détailler cependant les modalités ni les pratiques RH. Notre recherche explore dès lors le sujet en passant par le concept d’engagement pour le travail et l’organisation, du fait de son impact connu dans la littérature, sur la performance au sens large. Une recherche-action a été menée auprès de 35 salariés d’une grande mutuelle. Quatre formes d’engagement ont été tout d’abord identifiées, puis analysées quant à leur contribution à la performance socio-politique. Sont ensuite discutées des pratiques RH, dans une logique de carrières et de gestion des talents tout en évitant l’hypocrisie organisationnelle et le « social washing ».
L’extrême droite en Allemagne
Authors: Rouy Alain 
Published: August 2024

Comme la France et l’Italie, l’Allemagne a vu déferler la vague populiste d’extrême droite : depuis 2017, l’« Alternative für Deutschland » (AfD) est massivement représentée au Bundestag. L’extrême droite n’avait jamais totalement disparu du paysage politique allemand, plusieurs formations ont préparé le terrain pour l’avènement de l’AfD, même si, au départ, son objectif était essentiellement de lutter contre l’Euro. Aux adversaires de l’euro sont venus s’agglutiner tous les partisans du rejet de l’autre, les antiimmigrés, les nationalistes et les revanchistes. Surfant sur la crise sociale et exploitant àfond les crises migratoires, ils ont emporté des succès électoraux. La montée en puissance de l’AfD s’est accompagnée d’une radicalisation des positions qui perdure jusqu’à aujourd’hui. L’AfD ne progresse plus, mais elle bénéficie d’un socle électoral solide qui devrait inciter à la combattre vigoureusement.
Afrique : néoprotectionnisme et biens communs
Authors: Nubukpo Kako 
Published: August 2024

Soudain, grande transformation écologique et protectionnisme décomplexé sont partout d’actualité. En bâtissant véritablement et résolument sa propre solution sur ces deux axes, après plus de 60 ans d’indépendance et d’échecs du « développement » sous ordre néolibéral et néocolonial, l’Afrique doit et peut sortir de son impasse systémique mortifère – dépendances croissantes, aide extérieure inefficace, objectifs onusiens pour 2030 déjà condamnés. D’ici 2050, le continent verra doubler sa population. Faire des « communs » et de la recherche de souverainetés de tous ordres le cœur d’une véritable dynamique publique de prospérité endogène partagée, répond aux actuels enjeux majeurs. Investir dans les campagnes délaissées et l’intensification agroécologique en est le premier impératif et les services ainsi rendus au climat, à la stabilité des populations et à la paix, appellent une contribution mondiale.
L’évolution des forces politiques en Turquie
Authors: Akgönül Samim 
Published: August 2024

L’article propose une analyse dynamique des forces politiques turques et de leur évolution dans un contexte historique. Il donne à voir et à comprendre la spécificité de ces forces et l’impossibilité de leur appliquer des définitions ou caractères préétablis dans d’autres environnements scientifiques ou historiques. L’auteur offre plus particulièrement une vision de certains des grands déterminants de la vie politique turque, qu’il s’agisse du rapport à l’Islam ou à la « division du pays », réelle ou fantasmée. La contribution permet également de comprendre l’importance de la violence tant symbolique que physique dans la construction du champ politique turc. C’est à partir de ces éléments d’analyse que L’auteur propose une réflexion autour de la situation contemporaine, qualifiée de « troisième république ».
La dynamique des relations entre la Turquie et l’union européenne
Authors: Billion Didier 
Published: August 2024

L’article analyse la dynamique des relations entretenues entre la Turquie et l’Union européenne sur une longue période. Il traite ainsi de l’évolution des rapports et des perceptions entre Ankara, d’une part, Bruxelles et les grandes capitales européennes, d’autre part, depuis 1963, date du premier traité entre l’UE et la Turquie, jusqu’à aujourd’hui et les dernières propositions formulées par Emmanuel Macron. La contribution souligne l’importance stratégique de la relation entre la Turquie et l’Europe « multiplicatrice de puissance », mais également les difficultés de compréhension réciproques et les tensions qui animent les sociétés civiles dans l’Union et en Turquie. Selon l’auteur, une refondation de l’Union européenne doit permettre un approfondissement et une nouvelle approche des relations avec la Turquie.
Les défis de l’articulation entre la france et l’Union européenne
Authors: Baron Frank 
Published: August 2024

Union d’États souverains ou Fédération en devenir, l’Union européenne demeure une construction inachevée. Les transferts de compétence opérés au fil des traités européens, le recul de la règle de l’unanimité dans la prise de décision, les élargissements successifs ont toutefois profondément modifié le modèle politique français. Les défis posés par l’articulation entre ce modèle et la construction européenne sont de trois ordres : celui de la remise en cause du principe de souveraineté nationale hérité de la Révolution française, celui du rôle central du législateur national et celui, enfin, de la sphère d’intervention de la puissance publique dans l’économie.
Choix d’âge de départ en retraite et emploi des seniors en France : que nous ont appris les réformes passées ?
Authors: Langot François 
Published: August 2024

Depuis plus de 30 ans, des réformes du système de retraite français ont permis d’assurer sa soutenabilité financière dans un environnement démographique changeant. En plus de la pérennité des retraites à la française, elles ont réduit l’exclusion prématurée des seniors de l’emploi. Cet article vise à remettre en perspective ces deux résultats, sur la base des réformes des retraites en France. Premièrement, le recul de l’âge du taux plein crée un premier dividende en réduisant le nombre de retraités et en augmentant le nombre de cotisants au-delà de l’âge du taux plein, diminuant une première fois les déficits des caisses de retraite. Deuxièmement, le recul de l’âge de la retraite « cause » un accroissement de l’emploi des seniors avant l’âge du taux plein et augmente donc le nombre de cotisants, ce qui génère alors un second dividende pour les caisses de retraite et pour l’ensemble de l’économie. Pour reculer l’âge effectif de départ en retraite, on montre que les mesures incitatives telles que des surcotes sont un instrument puissant pour un recul volontaire de l’âge de la retraite, et non imposé comme dans le cas du recul de l’âge légal. Les effets positifs du recul de l’âge de la retraite sur l’emploi des seniors sont fragiles car ils reposent sur l’absence de mesures qui viendraient briser l’anticipation d’un allongement de l’horizon de travail des seniors, telles que les différentes mesures spécifiques aidant au non-emploi en fin de cycle de vie.
Thirty seconds chair stand performance is associated with six-minute walk test among postmenopausal women: inference from a cross-sectional study among women from India
Authors: Vaish Hina , Sharma Digvijay 
Published: August 2024

Menopause is an inevitable yet normal biological process in a woman’s life. The menopausal process has been associated with a decline in muscle strength and functional capacity. Thus, the present study aimed to study the association of the 30-Second Chair Stand Test (30s CST) with the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) among postmenopausal women. Thirty-five postmenopausal women aged 40–55 years were included in this cross-sectional study by purposive sampling method. After initial screening and assessment 30s CST and 6MWT were recorded as per standardised guidelines. The mean and Standard Deviation (SD) for all continuous variables was calculated. Correlations were estimated using Pearson’s coefficient of correlation. A two-tailed p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. There exists a significant positive association of 30s CST values with 6MWD among postmenopausal women. Also, the Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scores after the 6MWT were found to be significantly correlated with RPE scores after 30s CST. In conclusion, there exists a significant positive correlation of 30s CST with 6MWT among postmenopausal women. The 30s CST could be used as an economical and quick physical function assessment measure among postmenopausal women in low-resource settings.
Severe Developmental Delay and Behavior Abnormalities in a Patient with De Novo CAMK2B Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Katherynn K. , Rupar Charles A. , Prasad Chitra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-beta (CAMK2B) gene is important for calcium signaling and glutamatergic synapses, which impacts neuroplasticity and learning. Mutations in the CAMK2B gene, which cause autosomal dominant mental retardation 54 (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man # 617799), can have multisystemic clinical impact. Due to the rarity of CAMK2B mutations at present, case reports about patients with CAMK2B mutations are limited. The present case report describes a patient with CAMK2B-related disorder confirmed by whole exome sequencing and adds to the current information in the literature. We review three case reports in literature with detailed descriptions of patients presenting with mutations in the CAMK2B gene. While there is a broad spectrum of phenotypic presentations, there appears to be an emerging neurobehavioral phenotype. Optimal management of patients will require attention to behavioral issues as well as involvement of neuropsychiatric expertise along with other supports for development and vision abnormalities.
Exploring the relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and male fertility: A meta-analytic and meta-regression perspective on hormonal and seminal factors
Authors: Bahreiny Seyed Sobhan , Aghaei Mojtaba , Amraei Mahdi , Dabbagh Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
To explore the relationship between Hashimoto's autoimmune hypothyroidism (HT) and male fertility, focusing on hormonal and seminal factors.

Methods:
A systematic literature search was conducted across databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, covering studies published from January 2000 to March 2024. Studies investigating the impact of HT on semen quality parameters and reproductive hormones were included. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:
A total of 8 studies with 8965 participants were included. HT significantly affected semen quality and reproductive hormone levels. Specifically, there was a notable decrease in progressive morphology (SMD= -0.78; 95% CI: -1.40 to -0.17; P=0.01) and sperm motility (SMD= -1.151; 95% CI: -1.876 to -0.425; P=0.002). In addition, there were no significant changes in reproductive hormones, although there were elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (SMD=0.437; 95% CI: 0.000 to 0.874; P=0.050) and follicle-stimulating hormone (SMD=0.293; 95% CI: -0.171 to 0.758; P=0.216), with a slight impact on testosterone levels (SMD= -1.143; 95% CI: -2.487 to 0.200; P=0.095).

Conclusions:
This systematic review and meta-analysis provides robust evidence of the detrimental effects of HT on semen quality and reproductive hormones, underscoring the necessity for thorough evaluation and management of thyroid function in male infertility assessments.
Clinical real-world effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Chienhsiu , Kuo Sufang , Lin Lichen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
According to the Evaluation of Protease Inhibition for COVID-19 in High-Risk Patients (EPIC-HR) study, compared with a placebo, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir significantly reduced the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related hospitalization or mortality in unvaccinated patients. The Delta variant was the most prevalent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant among all treatment recipients in the EPIC-HR study. The Omicron variant is less pathogenic than the Delta variant. The efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in partially or fully immunized patients with Omicron variant-related infections must be further evaluated.

Objectives:
The current meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir based on factors including hospitalization, all-cause mortality, and COVID-19 rebound in patients who were partially or fully immunized against COVID-19.

Methods:
This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir based on factors including hospitalization, all-cause mortality, and COVID-19 rebound in patients who were partially or fully immunized against COVID-19. It included 26 studies that directly examined the clinical efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir versus placebo in adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection caused by the Omicron variant. The search criteria comprised keywords such as hospitalization, all-cause mortality, and COVID-19 rebound.

Results:
The all-cause mortality risk was reduced by 59% in patients aged ≥65 years. However, their hospitalization risk decreased by only 36%. The reduction in all-cause mortality and hospitalization risk was similar between patients with low and high COVID-19 vaccination coverage. Patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir had a higher incidence of COVID-19 rebound than those receiving a placebo. However, the hospitalization risk and all-cause mortality of adult patients with COVID-19 treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir reduced by 53% and 57%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The current meta-analysis of 26 studies indicates that adult patients with COVID-19 treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir reduced the risk of hospitalization by 53% and all-cause mortality by 57% compared to a placebo.