bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengenalan Mitigasi Bencana Gempa Bumi Melalui Video Interaktif untuk Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Nabilah Khairunnisa  , Yuliani Nurani  , Sri Wulan  
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk media video interaktif mengenalkan mitigasi gempa bumi untuk anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian Pengembangan dilakukan menggunakan metode pengembangan R&D (Research and Development) yang dikombinasikan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar pengamatan anak untuk melihat nilai kevalidan suatu produk. Diperoleh hasil validasi dari ahli materi sebesar 100% (kategori sangat layak) dan hasil validasi dari ahli media sebesar 92,5% (kategori sangat kayak). Hasil uji coba produk dengan anak menggunakan one to one evaluation didapati nilai sebesar 91,8% untuk di Yogyakarta dan 80% untuk di Jakarta Timur, keduanya masuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengenalan mitigasi bencana gempa bumi melalui video interaktif untuk anak usia 5-6 tahun dinyatakan valid. Media ini membantu anak mengenal tentang gempa bumi dan cara menyelamatkan diri dari gempa bumi jika terjadi di sekolah. Kata Kunci: Video Interaktif, Mitigasi Gempa Bumi, Anak Usia Dini This research aims to develop interactive video media products introducing earthquake mitigation for children aged 5-6 years. Development Research is carried out using the R&D (Research and Development) development method combined with the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate) development model. Data collection techniques use questionnaires and child observation sheets to see the validity value of a product. Validation results from material experts were obtained by 100% (very decent category) and validation results from media experts by 92.5% (very like category). The results of product trials with children using one to one evaluation found scores of 91.8% for Yogyakarta and 80% for East Jakarta, both of which were included in the very good category. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the introduction of earthquake disaster mitigation through interactive videos for children aged 5-6 years is valid. This media helps children know about earthquakes and how to save themselves from earthquakes if they occur at school.
Assessment of endodontic treatment and prevalence of apical periodontitis using cone-beam computed tomography: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lewusz-Butkiewicz Katarzyna , Kaczor-Wiankowska Kinga , Kulas-Bałaban Aleksandra , Kubala Elżbieta , Nowicka Alicja 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study was a retrospective cross-sectional study of the Polish subpopulation, performed to evaluate the quality of endodontic treatment (ET) and the condition of the periapical tissues of permanent teeth based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.Material and methodsThe retrospective study included a group of patients who underwent CBCT at the University Dental Clinic of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin. An endodontically treated tooth index (ETTI) was used to evaluate ET. Once apical periodontitis was recognised, the size, extent, and ratio of adjacent anatomical structures were assessed using the complex periapical index (COPI).ResultsAnalysis of the CBCT images showed that ET was performed in 9.9% of the teeth examined, of which 52.7% of the canals were treated correctly, while 28.1% of the root canals were found to be underfilled, 6.8% were overfilled, 9.3% of the root canals were not obturated at all, and in 3.1% of the teeth examined, the filling material was only visible in the pulp chamber. Apical periodontitis was observed in 6% of all teeth examined, while the percentage of teeth following ET was 38.5%.ConclusionsThe quality of the ET provided to the Polish subpopulation is unsatisfactory. Lack of root canal filling homogeneity is a significant risk factor for ET failure. Improper ET and poor quality of crown restoration after ET have an impact on the increased risk of occurrence, size, degree of root coverage, and extent of inflammatory periapical lesions in relation to adjacent anatomical structures.
Stress state at faults: the influence of rock stiffness contrast, stress orientation, and ratio
Authors: Ziegler Moritz O. , Seithel Robin , Niederhuber Thomas , Heidbach Oliver , Kohl Thomas , Müller Birgit , Rajabi Mojtaba , Reiter Karsten , Röckel Luisa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. The contemporary crustal stress state is primarily driven by gravitational volume forces and plate tectonics. However, there are various smaller-scale sources such as geological structures and stiffness contrast that perturb stresses and deviate them from the regional pattern. For example, borehole stress analysis in numerous cases has revealed abrupt rotations of horizontal stress orientation of up to 90° when faults are crossed. Herein, we investigate the rotation of principal stress axes at a fault by means of a 2D generic numerical model. We focus on the near field of the fault and the damage zone with a fault parameterized as a rock stiffness contrast. A substantial influence of the far-field stress field in terms of the differential stress and in terms of the stress ratio RS=S1/S_3 is shown. Furthermore, the contrast in material properties is the basis for any stress rotation, and in particular the stiffness is demonstrated to have a significant influence. Eventually, the impact of the angle between the fault strike and the orientation of SHmax is demonstrated. Our results show that the stress rotation is negatively correlated with the ratio of principal far-field stresses. A small angle between the far-field stress orientation and the fault facilitates stress rotation. A high contrast in rock stiffness further increases the stress rotation angle. Faults striking perpendicular to the maximum principal stress orientation experience no rotation at all. However, faults oriented parallel to the maximum principal stress orientation experience either no rotation or a 90° rotation, dependent on the ratio of principal stresses and the rock stiffness contrast. A comparison with observations from various boreholes worldwide shows that in general the findings are in agreement, even though the dip angle proves to have an influence on the stress rotation, in particular for shallow-dipping faults.
Application of Scopious Stark Domination in Optimization
Authors: D. D. Pandya  
Published: August 2024

Optimal Scopious stark domination plays important role in optimization applicable to many real world and engineering field problem . Due to its characterization as the optimization tool, it is widely used in social network theory, network design, sensor network, resource allocation, fault tolerance in distributed system, control system, transport network and telecommunication network and work assignment problem. By applying the concept of Scopious stark domination, engineers can design more efficient, robust, and fault-tolerant systems across various domains. Converting technical situation into mathematical modeling, network can be assigned appropriate graph on which results of edge addition, edge removal can be applied through flow chart or programming for optimization.
Ceramic Platters at Early Bronze Age Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath: An Integrated Chaîne Opératoire Approach
Authors: Ross Jon , Albaz Shira , Greenfield Haskel J. , Maeir Aren M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Recent ceramic studies in Early Bronze Age Levantine archaeology emphasize the need to update and expand the interpretative potentials of ceramic datasets by taking a multiscalar chaîne opératoire approach. In this article, we focus on the platters from the excavations at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath in the southern Levant. The results of thin-section petrography are integrated with inspection of surface features and an alternative imaging technique for identifying traces of vessel manufacture on freshly cut and scanned thick sections. We pull together observations on the forms, surface features, petrofabrics, and vessel structure integrating macro, meso, and micro scales of analysis on a well stratified sample. This holistic treatment of the production sequence informs a larger discussion on commensality and the socioeconomic significance of platters during a formative period in the development of early urban societies in the southern Levant.
Narcological situation and assessment of the alcohol and drug dependence treatment service activities in Moscow compared with the national average for the 2012–2021
Authors: Koporov S. G. , Bryun E. A. , Koshkina E. A. , Smirnovskaya M. S. , Koshkin E. A. 
Published: August 2024

The paper analyzes the data from the forms of Federal statistical observation No. 11 No. 37 for 2011-2020 and statistical materials of the Ministry of Health of Russia, characterizing the activities of medical organizations providing specialized alcohol and drug treatment and allowing monitoring of the drug situation.Over the past 5 years, there has been a decrease in the number of patients seeking alcohol and drug treatment in Moscow, the decline rate in Russia was much lower. Among registered patients, alcohol users accounted for about 70%; drug addicts - two times less. In the Russia, the percentage of drug addicts is more than two times less than in Moscow.The indicator of the general incidence of alcoholism and drug addiction tended to decrease. The rate of primary incidence of narcological disorders has more than halved over a five-year period in Moscow.The efficiency and quality of alcohol and drug treatment services are determined by a number of indicators. This is most clearly characterized by remission rates, which in Moscow have shown a stable growth over the past 5 years. The percentage of alcohol and drug addicted patients included in inpatient rehabilitation programs out of the number of patients hospitalized due to addiction diseases in 2020, both in Moscow and in Russia, remained practically unchanged compared to 2016.The proportion of alcohol and drug addicted patients included in outpatient rehabilitation programs out of the number of patients under dispensary observation in Moscow in 2020 increased compared to 2016. The rate of removal from dispensary observation registers of patients with alcoholism, as well as those with drug addiction, in connection with recovery has increased in Moscow over the past 5 years, and it has slightly decreased in Russia.Evaluation of the activities of medical organizations allows us to detect trends, reveal individual shortcomings and develop proposals for management decisions.
Epidemiological aspects of the wet form of age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Yakupova E. M. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose. Assessment of the prevalence of the wet form of age-related macular degeneration in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan.Materials and methods. The Ural Eye and Medical Study conducted based on the Ufa Eye Research Institute. The study involved 5899 respondents aged 40 and older.Results. The wet form of age-related macular degeneration found in 276 study participants – 6.9%, among them 6.6% of men, 7.0% of women, 9.0% of urban residents, 4.1% of rural residents. The prevalence of the wet form of age-related macular degeneration gradually increased with increasing age of the respondents, amounting to 1.6% in the age group of 40–49 years and reaching 18.8% in the age group of 90–99 years. The prevalence of the wet form of age-related macular degeneration was higher among urban residents (9.0%) than among rural residents (4.1%).
NORAD : Remaining Relevant
Authors: Dawson Michael 
Published: August 2024

The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) is now over sixty years old and remains one of the principal institutions in both Canada-U.S. defence relations and the bilateral relationship more generally. Through active participation with our more powerful neighbour in the defence of North America in NORAD, Canada achieves key strategic goals: "defence against help" (from the U.S.) and a voice in our own defence.

NORAD's missions have evolved with the changing geostrategic and technological contexts but remain centred around aerospace warning, aerospace control against air-breathing threats, including terrorist use of aviation and most recently, maritime warning. Two factors necessitate significant modernisation of NORAD's capabilities. First is the challenge posed by revisionist national policies in Russia, China and the so-called rogue states of North Korea and Iran. The second is the adoption in Russia and to a lesser extent in China of a new generation of precision weaponry including long range, stealthy cruise missiles and bombers, low-yield nuclear weapons and advanced conventional weapons. Russia, in particular, has articulated a doctrine of nuclear use suggesting that nuclear weapons might be used to terminate armed conflicts (through escalation) threatening the Russian homeland and neighbourhood. Both North Korea and Iran are developing long range ballistic missiles and North Korea is now a nuclear weapons power; while neither of these states is irrational, their behaviour could be unpredictable.

The ability to blunt coercive strikes directed against North America would be essential to allow time for diplomacy before retaliatory use of force might be politically necessary for a U.S. president. NORAD's existing warning systems and fighter-interceptors are reaching the end of their lives. Their replacement will pose significant policy questions, including choices of technologies, location of sensors, possible public-private partnerships and new or modernised airfields in the Far North of Canada, among others.

The Canadian Government in its defence policy statement, Strong, Secure, Engaged, has placed a high priority on replacing the existing North Warning System and the RCAF fighter fleet. Given the bi-national nature of NORAD, Canadian follow through on these commitments will be closely watched in Washington by those charged with homeland defence.
Nurturing Global Growth Companies: Time For a New Policy Toolkit
Authors: Lortie Pierre 
Published: August 2024

The recent report of the Council of Canadian Academies (2018) on the state of science, technology and industrial R&D in Canada provides an authoritative assessment of where Canada stands relative to our major competitors. The CCA report reveals that Canada remains strong in several fields of research; the recent Nobel awards in widely different domains of physics to Arthur B. McDonald ( 2015) and Donna Strickland ( 2018) and the granting of the A.M. Turing Award to Canadian computer scientists Yoshua Bengio (2019) and Geoffrey Hinton (Toronto, 2019), provide ample support for this assessment. More generally, Canadian scientists are highly regarded; their average citation rank is above the world average in all fields and Canada stands in fourth place in terms of research reputation. Of particular concern, however, is that compared to other OECD countries.
The Future of Canadian Trade Policy: Three Symposia on Canada’s Most Pressing Trade Policy Challenges
Authors: Beaulieu Eugene 
Published: August 2024

The global economy has gone through dramatic and rapid changes over the past 20 years and the current environment is a challenging and evolving landscape for practitioners to manage. Meanwhile, economic research on international trade is also evolving with theory and empirical evidence on a rapidly changing global economy and policy space. What are the key challenges and opportunities facing Canada in a rapidly changing global economy and what are the most important and relevant international policy directions being developed? To examine these and related questions, leading institutions and scholars organized three events where they discussed the direction of Canadian trade policy and trade policy research. The University of Calgary’s School of Public Policy, the University of Ottawa’s CN-Paul M. Tellier Chair on Business and Public Policy in the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, the Centre for International Governance Innovation, and Global Affairs Canada partnered to bring together leading scholars, stakeholders and trade policy experts to address Canada’s most pressing trade policy issues. Topics included the effect of new technology on trade, progressive trade policy, the rise of protectionism, changes in global supply chains, and the role of academia in the formulation of trade policy, among others. The result was the development of new directions for the study and practice of trade policy in Canada. This report summarizes the findings of these meetings to make them accessible to scholars and policymakers. The programs for each of the three symposia are provided as an appendix.
The three symposia were developed by a research planning team that included Eugene Beaulieu, Shenjie Chen, John Curtis, Judit Fabian, Patrick Leblond, Meredith Lilly, and Marie-France Paquet.
Bloated Bureaucrats or Underappreciated Public Servants? How do Public and Private Sector Wages Compare in Alberta?
Authors: Mueller Richard 
Published: August 2024

A year before the United Conservation Party was elected in Alberta, the final budget from the NDP government allocated some $21.6 billion to public sector salaries, wages and benefits, or 38.4 percent of the total expenditures of $56.2 billion (government of Alberta 2018). The same budget estimated a deficit of $8.8 billion.[1] With the general distaste in Alberta for budget deficits, coupled with current low energy revenues and the political improbability of introducing a sales tax as a steady and predictable revenue stream, the province is left with few options to reduce the budgetary shortfall and to keep the debt‐GDP ratio from increasing. If revenues cannot be enhanced, then expenditures must be controlled to reduce any budgetary shortfall. The fact that public‐sector earnings comprise such a large expenditure item means that this compensation is an obvious target for any expenditure‐reduction exercise. The fact that so many Albertans have recently lost lucrative employment in the private sector, while the public sector has remained relatively unscathed, has left public sector workers as obvious targets in any cost‐cutting exercise. In short, many Albertans are demanding that they receive value for their tax dollars when it comes to the provision of public services, and with public sector compensation such a large line item in the budget, it is inevitable that this compensation will be scrutinized.

[1] The estimated deficit has since decreased to $6.9 billion (Government of Alberta 2019).
Evidence-Based and Community Engaged Pandemic Responses for Calgary
Authors: Kohek Jessica , Edwards Meaghan , Milaney Katrina , Zwicker Jennifer 
Published: August 2024

Pandemics unduly burden those who are already economically and socially disadvantaged by poverty, disability, marginalization, and other vulnerabilities. Global pandemics increase disparities experienced by society’s most vulnerable, as inadequacies in systems-level protections make services challenging to access during emergencies. Families are specifically at risk, especially if they experience economic and social disparity concurrently with the pandemic. This study focuses on examining the way COVID-19 has exacerbated challenges to evidence based practice (EBP) implementation for community organizations in Calgary. Here we describe circumstances that make families vulnerable, the community organizations that support these families during the pandemic, and challenges with implementing EBP. To better understand policy barriers and facilitators as they relate to EBP access throughout the pandemic in Calgary, we conducted focus groups using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) with diverse individuals representing local community organizations. Participants articulated the structural disparities that impede access to community-based EBP during the pandemic, and recognized potential solutions. The major themes uncovered in the research, as they apply to barriers to evidence-based service provision, included reduced revenue streams, access to technology, and lack of collaborative communication within and between ministries, as well as sectors. Proposed solutions to these barriers included person-centred policy and program approaches and reciprocal partnerships.
Provincial Transfers and Financing Municipal Infrastructure in Alberta
Authors: Dahlby Bev , McMillan Melville 
Published: August 2024

Municipal finances have been an ongoing public issue in Alberta. See for example, McMillan and Dahlby (2014), Dahlby and McMillan (2021) and Peterson (2021). These issues have recently become more prominent as the Alberta government has adopted a variety of policies that impact municipal finances as well as announcing plans to transition the Municipal Sustainability Initiative program to the Local Government Fiscal Framework. This has created new uncertainties about municipal finances, especially in the context of provincial government fiscal restraint.
Lonely at the Top: An Examination of the Changing Dynamics for Chief Administrative Officers in Alberta Municipalities
Authors: Graham Kate , Helmer Jesse 
Published: August 2024

This paper explores administrative viability in Alberta’s municipalities by investigating a critical ingredient in municipalities’ ability to deliver local public services: the chief administrative officer (CAO). Specifically, this paper aims to identify the patterns that are emerging with respect to the role and tenure of municipal CAOs in Alberta, and the implications for Alberta’s municipalities. Using a mixed-methods approach that blends qualitative and quantitative analysis, this paper presents several important findings:
● The average tenure of a CAO in Alberta is now well under the length of one term of council. CAO tenure is generally shorter in smaller municipalities. More concerningly, the average length of tenure has been in a steady state of decline for the past two decades.
● The number of CAO transitions, including acting and interim roles, has been increasing in all types of municipalities – in some types of municipalities, double or triple the rate of CAO transitions in earlier time periods. The days of long-serving CAOs outside of cities appear to be waning, as the length of one council term becomes a harder cap on CAO tenure in those communities.
● The role of CAO involves important on-the-job learning. No two municipalities are the same; even two terms of council within the same municipality can have quite different dynamics. Shorter CAO tenures and higher rates of turnover mean more costly transitions – not just in dollars and organizational disruption, but in the time to reach peak performance.
● Current and past CAOs clearly identify the increasingly tenuous political dynamics as a leading driver in role dissatisfaction and reasons for decisions to join or depart from a municipality. There seems to be consensus that the political dynamics are getting worse, not better. Among many other insights about the contemporary experiences of CAOs, this emerged as the central theme.

The chief argument of this paper is that the success and stability of CAOs is a leading indicator of administrative viability. Currently, measures of this indicator are ringing alarm bells. Efforts towards strengthening the foundations of municipal governance – particularly role clarity, improved relations between council and staff, and intentional efforts to building trust and respectful decorum between CAOs and councils – are all needed to improve administrative viability in Alberta’s municipalities.