bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Investigation for Cu2+ Oscillatory Phenomena at the Liquid/Liquid Interface with a Specific Adsorption of Ion Pair Model
Authors: Zhang Yijun , Bu Caihong , Wang Yongcheng , Wang Zhihua , Lu Xiaoquan , Liu Xiuhui 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this paper, a novel current oscillatory phenomenon for Cu2+ at the water/1,2‐dichloroethane interface is reported with cyclic voltammetry and potential‐step chronoamperometry. The small irregular current spikes were only observed near the site of the oxidation peak of CuCl2− and were mainly related to the Cu2+concentration in the aqueous phase. Our experimental results demonstrated that the current oscillation is caused by specific adsorption of ion pairs at the W/DCE interface between Cu2+ in the aqueous phase and TPB− in the organic phase. Therefore, a specific adsorption of ion pair model has been formulated for the current oscillation at the liquid/liquid interface. The DFT calculation method was used to explain the mechanism of ion pair formation. The calculation results suggested that the TPB−Cu2+TPB− ion pair has the lowest‐energy state, thus providing qualitative support for the ion pair model. A probable mechanism for the observed current oscillation was also discussed in this paper. At the same time, a spectrophotometric experiment was performed to evidence a strong attractive interaction between Cu2+ and TPB−.
Detection of Cadmium and Copper Cations Using Amorphous Nitrogenated Carbon Thin Film Electrodes
Authors: Seck Serigne Massamba , Charvet Stéphane , Fall Modou , Baudrin Emmanuel , Lejeune Michaël , Benlahsen Mohammed 
Published: August 2012

AbstractNitrogenous amorphous carbon (a‐CNx) thin films were deposited by radio‐frequency cathodic magnetron sputtering (13.56 MHz) on polished and etched titanium disks. While these films are cheaper to prepare than commonly reported carbon‐based electrodes, the usable electrochemical window in aqueous solution is within the same range and spans from −1.5 to +1.8 V vs. SCE. The electrochemical reactivity was tested using the ferri‐ferrocyanide redox couple as a function of the thin films preparation parameters. The obtained electrochemical properties allow the use of these a‐CNx thin films for stripping electroanalysis of cations in water, minimizing potential solvent reactivity. Cadmium and copper were used to test these detection abilities. Better analytical properties (notably sensitivity and linearity) were obtained as compared to a commercial boron doped diamond electrode. Preliminary competition/interaction experiments for these two cations were performed.
Stormwater contaminant loading following southern California wildfires
Authors: Stein Eric D. , Brown Jeffrey S. , Hogue Terri S. , Burke Megan P. , Kinoshita Alicia 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Contaminant loading associated with stormwater runoff from recently burned areas is poorly understood, despite the fact that it has the potential to affect downstream water quality. The goal of the present study is to assess regional patterns of runoff and contaminant loading from wildfires in urban fringe areas of southern California. Postfire stormwater runoff was sampled from five wildfires that each burned between 115 and 658 km2 of natural open space between 2003 and 2009. Between two and five storm events were sampled per site over the first one to two years following the fires for basic constituents, metals, nutrients, total suspended solids, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Results were compared to data from 16 unburned natural areas and six developed sites. Mean copper, lead, and zinc flux (kg/km2) were between 112- and 736-fold higher from burned catchments and total phosphorus was up to 921-fold higher compared to unburned natural areas. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon flux was four times greater from burned areas than from adjacent urban areas. Ash fallout on nearby unburned watersheds also resulted in a threefold increase in metals and PAHs. Attenuation of elevated concentration and flux values appears to be driven mainly by rainfall magnitude. Contaminant loading from burned landscapes has the potential to be a substantial contribution to the total annual load to downstream areas in the first several years following fires. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 2625–2638. © 2012 SETAC
Net trophic transfer efficiencies of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners to lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from its prey
Authors: Madenjian Charles P. , David Solomon R. , Rediske Richard R. , O'Keefe James P. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were fed bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in eight laboratory tanks over a 135-d experiment. At the start of the experiment, four to nine fish in each tank were sacrificed, and the concentrations of 75 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners within these fish were determined. Polychlorinated biphenyl congener concentrations were also determined in the 10 lake trout remaining in each of the eight tanks at the end of the experiment as well as in the bloater fed to the lake trout. Each lake trout was weighed at the start and the end of the experiment, and the amount of food eaten by the lake trout was recorded. Using these measurements, net trophic transfer efficiency (γ) from the bloater to the lake trout in each of the eight tanks was calculated for each of the 75 congeners. Results showed that γ did not vary significantly with the degree of chlorination of the PCB congeners, and γ averaged 0.66 across all congeners. However, γ did show a slight, but significant, decrease as log KOW increased from 6.0 to 8.2. Activity level of the lake trout did not have a significant effect on γ. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 2821–2827. © 2012 SETAC
Neuropsychiatric symptoms, apolipoprotein E gene, and risk of progression to cognitive impairment, no dementia and dementia: the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS)
Authors: Beaudreau Sherry A. , Kaci Fairchild J. , Spira Adam P. , Lazzeroni Laura C. , O'Hara Ruth 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship of neuropsychiatric symptoms and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele status to dementia at baseline and progression to dementia in older adults with and without cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND).MethodsAdults (n = 856) 71 years and older (mean age = 79.15 years), 12.8% ethnic minority and 60.6% women, completed neuropsychological tests and APOE genotyping, and a proxy informant completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory.ResultsAfter adjusting for age and education, neuropsychiatric symptoms and APOE ε4 were independently associated with CIND and dementia status at baseline (compared with cognitively normal). Further, neuropsychiatric symptoms predicted progression to dementia at 16‐ to 18‐month follow‐up among participants with CIND at baseline; the presence of these symptoms decreased the risk of progression from normal to CIND or dementia at 36 to 48 months.ConclusionFindings provide cross‐sectional and longitudinal support for the role of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the prediction of cognitive impairment, particularly dementia. APOE ε4, although important, may be a less robust predictor. This investigation highlights the importance of behavioral symptoms, such as neuropsychiatric symptom status or frequency/severity, as predictors of future cognitive decline. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High prevalence of confirmed, but also of potential and believed, neuropathic pain in pain clinics
Authors: Pérez C. , Ribera M.V. , Gálvez R. , Micó J.A. , Barutell C. , Failde I. , Sánchez‐Magro I. , Stern A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackground and aimsEpidemiological data about neuropathic pain are still scarce. A national survey, based on neurologic clinical diagnosis, was performed to determine its prevalence among patients attending pain clinics.MethodsAn epidemiological cross‐sectional study involving pain clinics across all regions in Spain was carried out. Pain specialists evaluated the medical files and the clinical condition of patients attending their practices systematically during 1 day. They used the revised definition and grading system proposed in 2008 to decide whether a given patient had definite (i.e., confirmed), probable (potential) or possible (believed) neuropathic pain. Also, they provided a diagnostic label for neuropathic pain conditions and appraised treatment adequacy.ResultsIn a single day, 178 pain specialists provided data from 2173 patients. Definite, probable and possible neuropathic pain was cited in 639 (29.4%), 304 (14.0%) and 97 (4.5%) patients, respectively. Almost two‐thirds of these were women. A diagnostic label of primary pure central and/or peripheral neuropathic pain was cited in 344 (15.8%) patients. The most common diagnostic label (568 patients) was low back pain or sciatica causing mixed neuropathic pain. Definite neuropathic pain diagnosis was less likely in patients with mixed pain conditions and in women derived from primary care. Co‐morbid depressive or anxiety symptoms were usual.ConclusionsDefinite (confirmed) neuropathic pain alone was as prevalent as neuropathic pain ascertained with screening questionnaires in prior recent European studies. The clinical relevance of the surplus of patients with potential and believed neuropathic pain ascertained by clinicians is uncertain.
ERα signaling regulates MMP3 expression to induce FasL cleavage and osteoclast apoptosis
Authors: Garcia Alejandro J , Tom Colton , Guemes Miriam , Polanco Gloria , Mayorga Maria E , Wend Korinna , Miranda-Carboni Gustavo A , Krum Susan A 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The benefits of estrogens on bone health are well established; how estrogens signal to regulate bone formation and resorption is less well understood. We show here that 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced apoptosis of bone-resorbing osteoclasts is mediated by cleavage and solubilization of osteoblast-expressed Fas ligand (FasL). U2OS-ERα osteoblast-like cells expressing an EGFP-tagged FasL at the C-terminus showed decreased fluorescence after E2 treatment, indicative of a cleavage event. Treatment of U2OS-ERα cultures with a specific MMP3 inhibitor in the presence of E2 blocked FasL cleavage and showed an increase in the number of EGFP-FasL+ cells. siRNA experiments successfully knocked down MMP3 expression and restored full-length FasL to basal levels. E2 treatment of both human and murine primary osteoblasts showed upregulation of MMP3 mRNA expression, and calvarial organ cultures showed increased expression of MMP3 protein and colocalization with the osteoblast-specific RUNX2 after E2 treatment. In addition, osteoblast cell cultures derived from ERαKO mice showed decreased expression of MMP3 but not MMP7 and ADAM10, two known FasL proteases, demonstrating that ERα signaling regulates MMP3. Also, conditioned media of E2-treated calvarial osteoblasts showed an approximate sixfold increase in the concentration of soluble FasL, indicating extensive cleavage, and soluble FasL concentrations were reduced in the presence of a specific MMP3 inhibitor. Finally, to show the role of soluble FasL in osteoclast apoptosis, human osteoclasts were cocultured with MC3T3 osteoblasts. Both a specific MMP3 inhibitor and an MMP inhibitor cocktail preserved osteoclast differentiation and survival in the presence of E2 and demonstrate the necessity of MMP3 for E2-induced osteoclast apoptosis. These experiments further define the molecular mechanism of estrogen's bone-protective effects by inducing osteoclast apoptosis through upregulation of MMP3 and FasL cleavage. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Functional arterial spin labeling: Optimal sequence duration for motor activation mapping in clinical practice
Authors: Raoult Hélène , Ferré Jean–Christophe , Petr Jan , Bannier Elise , Stamm Aymeric , Barillot Christian , Gauvrit Jean‐Yves 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose:To determine the minimal optimal functional arterial spin labeling (fASL) sequence duration allowing steady and reproducible motor activation mapping.Materials and Methods:Three magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sessions including fASL and blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) sequences were performed on 12 healthy subjects at 3T with a 32‐channel coil. The raw 7‐minute fASL sequence was truncated to obtain six fASL sequences with durations ranging from 1–6 minutes. All the resulting fASL activations were compared between themselves and with both the 7‐minute fASL and BOLD activations. Quantitative parameters assessed activation location (activated volume, barycenter, and distance between barycenters), activation quantification (activation‐related cerebral blood flow), and intraindividual reproducibility across fMRI sessions. The statistical analysis was based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparisons.Results:Four‐minute fASL achieved steady location and quantification of activation with the activated volume corresponding to 81% of the 7‐minute fASL volume and a barycenter located 1.2 mm from the 7‐minute fASL barycenter and 3.0 mm from the BOLD fMRI barycenter. Four‐minute fASL reproducibility was high and statistically equivalent to 7‐minute values.Conclusion:A 4‐minute fASL sequence is thus a reliable tool for motor activation mapping and suitable for use in clinical practice. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012; 36:1435–1444. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of Pressure Effects on the Cohesive Properties and Structure of Hexane and Polyethylene Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Shahamat Moeed , Rey Alejandro D. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMolecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the OPLS‐AA force field are conducted to compute pressure‐ and molecular‐weight‐dependence of Hildebrand's solubility parameters of hexane and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) at high pressures. The pressure dependence investigation also captures density data computed at high temperature and for external pressures ranging from 100 to 3000 bar. The effect of electrostatic potential energy contribution to cohesive energy and density is investigated and it is shown that the solubility parameter increases monotonically with increasing external pressure for both molecular mechanical models with and without electrostatic terms. Analysis of the pair distribution function is carried out versus pressure together with the influence of electrostatic energy contribution reflecting structural change of the condensed phase. magnified image
Iron‐regulated metabolites produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS374r are not required for eliciting induced systemic resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato in Arabidopsis
Authors: Djavaheri Mohammad , Mercado‐Blanco Jesús , Versluis C. , Meyer J.‐M. , Van Loon L. C. , Bakker Peter A. H. M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe plant growth‐promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS374r produces several iron‐regulated metabolites, including the fluorescent siderophore pseudobactin (Psb374), salicylic acid (SA), and pseudomonine (Psm), a siderophore that contains a SA moiety. After purification of Psb374 from culture supernatant of WCS374r, its structure was determined following isoelectrofocusing and tandem mass spectrometry, and found to be identical to the fluorescent siderophore produced by P. fluorescens ATCC 13525. To study the role of SA and Psm production in colonization of Arabidopsis thaliana roots and in induced systemic resistance (ISR) against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) by strain WCS374r, mutants disrupted in the production of these metabolites were obtained by homologous recombination. These mutants were further subjected to transposon Tn5 mutagenesis to generate mutants also deficient in Psb374 production. The mutants behaved similar to the wild type in both their Arabidopsis rhizosphere‐colonizing capacity and their ability to elicit ISR against Pst. We conclude that Psb374, SA, and Psm production by P. fluorescens WCS374r are not required for eliciting ISR in Arabidopsis.
Ferrite loaded UHF sleeve monopole integrated with a GPS patch antenna for a handset
Authors: Rama Rao B. , Elloian Jeffrey M. , Rosario E.N. , Davis R. J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis article describes the design of a compact ferrite loaded UHF sleeve monopole antenna covering 225–450 MHz that is colocated with GPS annular ring microstrip antennas on top of a handset. This antenna provides both communications and navigational capabilities to the user and is intended for military and commercial applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2513–2516, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27102
Reduction of cross‐polarization in offset reflectarrays using two layers of varying‐sized patches
Authors: Tienda C. , Encinar Jose A. , Barba M. , Arrebola M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAn offset‐fed reflectarray demonstrator with reduced cross‐polarization has been designed, manufactured, and tested.It is demonstrated that the cross‐polarization is significantly reduced by using two layers of varying‐sized patches and adjusting the patch dimensions not only to shape the beam in dual‐linear polarization but also to produce a cancellation of the cross‐polarized reflected field in those zones in which the maximum cross‐polarization is produced. The proposed technique provides a reduction better than 5 dB in the cross‐polarization for both linear polarizations. The measured radiation patterns are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions, and show a cross‐polar discrimination better than 30 dB in the 12.97–14.25 GHz frequency band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2449–2454, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27106
Sensitivity and stability characterization of linear cavity erbium‐doped fiber laser for pressure measurement
Authors: Mohd Idris Sumayyah , Al‐Taha Mohammed Rafid Haleem , Ismail Aiman , Abdullah Fairuz , Jamaludin Md Zaini , Al‐Mansoori Mohammed Hayder 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis article reports a linear cavity Erbium‐doped fiber (EDF) laser for pressure measurement.The fiber laser structure comprises an EDF amplifier, a circulator, an optical coupler, and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) which is fitted to the shock tube where the pressure is applied. The FBG acts simultaneously as a lasing wavelength selecting component as well as a pressure sensor. The novelty of this sensor lies in its enhanced characteristic with 0.122 nm/bar sensitivity and very good stability with an average power fluctuation of 0.0025 dB over a period of 60 min. Preliminary results have proven to show that the fiber laser sensor is expected to be an attractive choice for long‐distance pressure monitoring. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2447–2449, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27107
Fast optimization of microwave absorbers
Authors: Kubytskyi Viacheslav , Sapoval Bernard , Dun Gwenaël , Rosnarho Jean‐François 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe address the question of the optimization of the performance of microwave absorbers. Our approach first use an optimization algorithm applied to a one‐dimensional (1D) homogenized equivalent structure. The optimization yields a refractive index profile which is then used to build a 3D curved pyramidal structure. The validity of this approach is then verified through full‐wave 3D numerical simulations. We address two type of questions: optimization of the shape for a given refractive index and optimization of material properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2472–2477, 2012; this online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27108
X‐Band GaAs mmic high power amplifier for transmitter space module
Authors: Giofre Rocco , Colantonio Paolo , Giannini Franco , Piazzon Luca 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this letter, the design, realization, and test of an X‐band GaAs microwave monolithic integrated circuit high power amplifier (HPA) are reported.The HPA is designed in a two stage configuration to fully match a 50 Ω input and output impedance. Experimental results show that the HPA reaches an output power higher than 38 dBm with a gain higher than 17 dB and a ripple lower than 0.5 dB from 9 to 10.2 GHz frequency range. The power added efficiency is around 40%. The good level of performance and the low sensitivity to the environment temperature make this amplifier an excellent candidate for X band applications in phased array active antennas. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2633–2635, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27109
Balanced wideband BPF design using stub‐loaded multimode resonator for MB‐OFDM application
Authors: Lee Ching‐Her , Chang Tsung‐Han , Hsu Chung‐I G. , Chang Jhih‐Hong 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this article, a new balanced wideband bandpass filter (BPF) is designed using a stub‐loaded multimode resonator (SLMMR) with tightly coupled feeding lines. The wideband response is achieved by designing the first three differential resonant modes of the SLMMR to locate evenly in the designated passband. Good common‐mode (CM) suppression over the passband is obtained by positioning the transmission zero produced by one half of the low‐impedance section (which serves as a shunt open‐circuited stub while the BPF is in CM operation) of the SLMMR close to the in‐band common modes. A prototype of the proposed BPF is fabricated and measured; the measured (simulated) minimum differential‐mode insertion loss (IL) is 0.7 (0.3) dB and the measured (simulated) CM IL is greater than 20.3 (20.1) dB in 1–10 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2629–2633, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27110
Reduced‐cost design optimization of antenna structures using adjoint sensitivity
Authors: Koziel Slawomir , Ogurtsov Stanislav 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe discuss a simple and yet robust algorithm for electromagnetic (EM) simulation‐driven design optimization of antennas. Our procedure exploits adjoint sensitivities to obtain gradient information without extra EM simulations as well as adaptive algorithm that adjusts the search radius for optimizing the linear model of the antenna. The proposed technique is capable of yielding an optimized antenna design at a much lower computational cost than a benchmark algorithm, Matlab's fminimax, also using adjoint sensitivities. Our approach is demonstrated using two antenna design cases: a planar inverted‐F antenna and a wideband hybrid antenna. The design time savings are between 60 and 75% with respect to the benchmark method. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2594–2597, 2012; this online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27112
Circularly polarized SIW square ring‐slot antenna for X‐band applications
Authors: Lacik Jaroslav 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this letter, a single‐layer circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) square ring‐slot antenna operating in the X‐band is proposed.The circularly polarized wave is generated by a combination of a shortened square ring‐slot etched in the SIW top wall and a shorting via placed between the area bounded by the ring and the SIW bottom wall. Experimental results prove that the antenna with a coax‐to‐SIW transition radiates a right‐hand circularly polarized (RHCP) wave and it achieves the impedance bandwidth of 10.3% for the reflection coefficient less than –10 dB, the axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 2.6% for AR less than 3 dB, and the RHCP gain 8.0 dBi. The proposed antenna has the advantage of conventional planar structures including low profile, light weight, and easy low cost fabrication. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2590–2594, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27113