bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Connections: Telemedicine as a Tool to extend Trauma Education
Authors: Namias Nicholas , Marttos Antonio C , Kuchkarian Fernanda M , Rojas Daniel F , Collet-Silva Francisco S , Costa Cleinaldo de Almeida , Garcia George D , Schulman Carl I 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Telemedicine is revolutionizing the delivery of trauma care and education. The International Trauma Tele- Grand Rounds is a series that unites institutions worldwide to discuss complex clinical cases and advanced trauma and critical care topics.

Materials and methods
Multiple remote institutions connect simultaneously to discuss the management of a trauma patient from the prehospital phase to discharge. Weekly, a case is presented in English by one institution on a rotating basis. Key points include mechanism of injury, resuscitation, laboratory and imaging diagnostics, surgical interventions, postoperative patient care, evaluation of treatment decisions and review of the literature. The highly interactive format allows participants to evaluate differences in trauma care across international health systems.

Results
During 2010 to 2011, 68 sessions were documented. Cases include blunt (42.6%), penetrating (48.5%), blast (7.4%) and crushing (1.5%) traumas. Gunshot wounds were the most frequent (25%). A holistic range of injuries were represented including injuries to major arteries, veins, lungs, heart, pericardium, esophagus, diaphragm, abdominal wall, stomach, intestines, liver, kidneys, pelvis, and the extremities. A variety of surgical and nonsurgical interventions were explored. To date, there have been 42 participating institutions from the United States, Brazil, Colombia, Bahamas, Canada, Mexico, Venezuela, Argentina, Panama, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, British Virgin Islands, Spain, Thailand, Turkey and Iraq; ranging from academic medical centers military hospitals, community hospitals, and rural hospitals. In 2011, the series received accreditation by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education.

Conclusion
Telemedicine offers a solution to address the disparities in access to trauma care and education. The diversity of institutional settings allows participants to learn from others on how to best treat trauma patients, despite differences in resources and expertise. In addition to serving as an educational tool, the series provides a mechanism for physicians to network and collaborate on future endeavors.

How to cite this article
Marttos AC, Kuchkarian FM, Rojas DF, Fraga GP, Collet-Silva FS, de Almeida Costa C, Garcia GD, Ginzburg E, Schulman CI, Namias N. Global Connections: Telemedicine as a Tool to extend Trauma Education. Panam J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2013;2(1):62-66.
Trauma of the Ascending Aorta by Barbed Wire: A Rare Mechanism
Authors: Basso Luciano Silveira , Fontana Rafael , Finger Guilherme , Júnior José Abruzzi , Cimarosti Maicon Joel 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT
We report a case of ascending aortic trauma, in a 60 years old patient by barbed wire. Primary exam revealed Beck's triad, generating the hypothesis of a cardiac tamponade, which was confirmed with FAST. It was quickly performed a laparotomy in order to discard abdominal injuries, including pericardical window, followed by sternotomy which confirmed the laceration of ascending aorta. Primary suture of the lesion was performed and the patient evolved well postoperatively. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of penetrating trauma to the ascending aorta by barbed wire.

How to cite this article
Basso LS, Fontana R, Finger G, Abruzzi J Jr, Cimarosti MJ. Trauma of the Ascending Aorta by Barbed Wire: A Rare Mechanism. Panam J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2013;2(1):67-68.
Postcards from Europe: Dubravka Ugrešić as a Transnational Public Intellectual, or Life Writing in Fragments
Authors: Karpinski Eva C. 
Published: June 2013

The article explores Dubravka Ugrešić's ongoing project of interrogating and challenging different constructions of Europe from the perspective of “minor transnationalism”, focusing on the relationship between European minority cultures and the West. She has developed a hybrid form of political life writing that I call the autobiographical fragment, which mixes autobiography, personal essay, cultural criticism, travel writing, autoethnography, epistolarity, and diary. I argue that the autobiographical fragment is uniquely suited to address the discontinuities and ruptures of history, experience, and memory that have accompaniedEurope’s post-communist transformations. In the texts that I examine, including "Have a Nice Day: From the Balkan War to the American Dream", "The Culture of Lies", "Thank You For Not Reading", and "Nobody’s Home", she confronts the trauma of ethnic and gendered violence and integrates the personal and the “global”, linking the former Yugoslavia, present-day Croatia, the European Union, the United States, and the globalized cultural marketplace.
State-of-the-Practice in Evaluation of Quality of Experience in Real-Life Environments
Authors: Matulin Marko , Mrvelj Štefica 
Published: June 2013

Continuous monitoring of achieved level of service quality in packet-switched networks represents an activity of major importance for network and service providers. This is paramount for network resources provisioning which have to satisfy expectations of fickle customers. However, providing enough resources to specific user does not automatically increase their Quality of Experience (QoE), hence understanding of the relationship between these two is crucial in the network management process. Essentially, this requires subjective testing of service quality which is usually done in controlled environments such as laboratories. Nevertheless, the most accurate subjective evaluation of QoE includes real-life experiments in the environments where the services are actually used. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide a review of the current state-of-the-practice in evaluating QoE in real-life environments.
Effective Production of Sorbitol and Mannitol from Sugars Catalyzed by Ni Nanoparticles Supported on Aluminium Hydroxide
Authors: Rodiansono Rodiansono , Shimazu Shogo 
Published: June 2013

Effective production of hexitols (sorbitol and mannitol) was achieved from sugars by means of nickel nanoparticles supported on aluminium hydroxide (NiNPs/AlOH) catalyst. NiNPs/AlOH catalyst was prepared by a simple and benign environmentally procedure using less amount of sodium hydroxide. ICP-AES and XRD analyses confirmed that the NiNPs/AlOH catalysts comprised a large amount of remained aluminium hydroxide (i.e. bayerite and gibbsite). The presence of aluminium hydroxide caused a high dispersion Ni metal species. The average Ni crystallite sizes that derived from the Scherrer`s equation for former R-Ni and NiNPs/AlOH were 8.6 nm and 4.1 nm, respectively. The catalyst exhibited high activity and selectivity both hydrogenolysis of disaccharides (sucrose and cellobiose) and monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, and xylose) at 403 K for 24 h. The NiNPs/AlOH catalyst was found to be reusable for at least five consecutive runs without any significant loss of activity and selectivity. © 2013 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Synthesis and Characterization of High Aluminum Zeolite X from Technical Grade Materials
Authors: Masoudian Seyed Kamal , Sadighi Sepehr , Abbasi Ali 
Published: June 2013

Zeolites are widely used as ion exchangers, adsorbents, separation materials and catalyst due to their well-tailored and highly-reproducible structures; therefore, the synthesis of zeolite from low grade resources can be interested. In the present work, high aluminum zeolite X was prepared from mixing technical grade sodium aluminate and sodium silicate solutions at temperatures between 70°C and 100°C. The synthesized zeolite X was characterized by SEM and X-ray methods according to ASTM standard procedures. The results showed that aging of the synthesis medium at the room temperature considerably increased the selectivity of zeolite X formation. On the other hand, high temperature of reaction mixture during crystallization formed zeolite A in the product; therefore, it decreased the purity of zeolite X. In addition, it was found that increasing H2O/Na2O and decreasing Na2O/SiO2 molar ratios in the reaction mixture resulted product with higher purity. © 2013 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Rehabilitation of degraded grasslands in north Syria: use of farmer participatory research to encourage the sowing of annual pasture legumes
Authors: GHASSALI F. , COCKS P. S. , OSMAN A. E. , GINTZBURGER G. , CHRISTIANSEN S. , SEMAAN A. , LEYBOURNE M. 
Published: July 2002

A series of experiments on communally-owned grasslands in the barley–livestock zone of north Syria were conducted to test the hypothesis that introduction of Mediterranean annual legumes will increase productivity. The experiments were preceded by a survey to determine farmers' attitudes, describe the farming systems and to select appropriate collaborators. The first experiment examined the establishment of medics (Medicago spp.) and clovers (Trifolium spp.) distributed by hand, and monitored their effects on biomass and seedbank size. Later experiments extended these results to other villages. The principles of farmer participation in research were used to overcome the constraints imposed by the communal ownership of land. The survey revealed that the average size of the 20 villages was 36 families and that each village owned 887 sheep and 790 ha land. All villages had access to communally-owned grasslands, although their dependence on income from sheep varied greatly. These villages were subsequently divided into groups of high, intermediate and low potential.Of the 11 clovers sown in the first experiment, seed numbers of T. tomentosum, T. purpureum, T. haussknechtii, T. pilulare and T. resupinatum increased over three years. By 1996, there were more than 3000 legume seeds m−2 in the seeded treatment compared with less than 2000 in the unseeded treatment (mainly the naturally-occurring Trigonella monspeliaca). The number of medic and clover seedlings also increased significantly, while the number of Trigonella seedlings decreased significantly. Biomass production increased in the final two years and there was no response to added phosphorus.There were similar results in the later experiments. Seedbank size was greater in seeded treatments than in unseeded treatments, there were more seedlings in the seeded treatments, and the most successful species were T. campestre, T. tomentosum, T. speciosum and M. rigidula. The response in biomass was limited to the legume component, although total biomass increased in at least one of the two years. The highest biomass produced was 1112 kg ha−1 and there was no response to added phosphorus.The results suggested that the on-station research previously conducted at ICARDA headquarters was applicable to communally-owned land, although important modifications were needed. For example, at ICARDA phosphorus was necessary to stimulate the growth of legumes; in contrast, it was necessary to sow legumes at the four villages involved in these experiments. The results also suggested that the grasslands were common property, owned and controlled by defined groups of farmers.
The Ottoman Conscription System, 1844–1914
Authors: Zürcher Erik Jan 
Published: July 2002

The introduction of conscription in the Ottoman Empire of course was closely linked to the introduction of a European-style army, but it did not coincide with it.As is well known, the first attempt to create an army which was trained, equipped and dressed in the contemporary European fashion, was made by Sultan Selim III in 1792. His Nizam-i Cedid (New Order) army by all accounts was quite an impressive achievement in itself. Starting from a strength of about 2,500, the corps had 22,685 men and 1,590 officers in 1806, half of them stationed in the capital, the rest in provincial centres in Anatolia. When pressure against him and his new army on the part of the old army establishment, primarily the Janissaries, mounted, however, the Sultan succumbed without any attempt to use the considerable strength of his new army and disbanded the corps in 1808.The Nizam troops constituted a professional army. They were not recruited on the basis of universal conscription, but rather in a fashion which is reminiscent of the system introduced by Peter the Great in Russia or the Bunichah system in Persia. Governors and notables in Anatolia (not in the Balkans or the Arab provinces) were required to send contingents of peasant boys to Istanbul for training. Those enrolled in the corps remained under arms for an unspecified period.
THE PROPHET'S ‘WAR AGAINST WHITES’:
SHEPHERD STUURMAN IN NAMIBIA AND SOUTH
AFRICA, 1904–7
Authors: DEDERING TILMAN 
Published: July 2002

‘GOD HAS TAKEN POWER FROM WHITE MEN THROUGHOUT
THE WORLD’EARLY on the morning of 5 September 1906, at a small asbestos mine in
the
northern Cape, six African workers entered the tent of their white foreman

and his family. They assaulted the sleepers with stones, knobkerries, the
leg
of a chair and an ox-yoke. The foreman, Dirk Mans, died of his injuries

eighteen hours later, while his son, Jan, who had been sleeping in another

tent, ran away. Dirk Mans's wife also had a narrow escape. She woke
up
when a blow narrowly missed the head of her three-year-old child, who was

sleeping in her bed. Both could flee in the general mêlée.
Another victim, the
well digger, William Swanepoel, was bludgeoned to death so ferociously
that
his skull ‘was entirely knocked out of shape [and]
separated in halves’. The
perpetrators tried to kill more whites, but dispersed in the ensuing confusion.

The six men were tracked down by the police after several days. The
Griqualand West Supreme Court in Kimberley sentenced four of the
culprits to death; they were hanged in March 1907.The ringleader of the Hopefield gang, Hendrik Bekeer, told the policeman

who had followed his tracks for several days, that ‘he was glad to
be caught,
although he knew that his life would be at an end’. He could hardly
wait to
tell the prison warder that the group had planned to kill all whites in
South
Africa. In court, the eloquent Bekeer explained:I admit that I am guilty. I, Hendrik Bikier [sic],
laid hands on these two souls. I
have a craving in my heart which must be made known to everyone. I admit
that
I am a worker of God. I confess to the Court and all the white people that
I am
placed here by the Lord, and that I do his will. … The time when
the whites had
the upper hand is past. This is for Africa alone, but God has taken power
from
white men throughout the world.
New forage species for integration of sheep in rubber
plantations
Authors: NG K. F. , STÜR W. W. , SHELTON H. M. 
Published: July 2002

The productivity and persistence of 91 accessions of grasses, legumes
and broad-leaved weeds were
evaluated under young rubber at the Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia
Experimental Station at
Sungai Buloh near Kuala Lumpur. The species were chosen from world collections
for their reported
shade tolerance. Two small plot experiments were conducted from 1989 to 1990
and regular harvests
were used to assess yield and persistence. The soil at the site was acidic
(pH 4·7) and infertile, and light
transmission declined from 65 to 20% in Expt 1 and from 90 to 50% in Expt 2.Pattern and cluster analyses were used to allocate accessions to groups
with similar yield responses.
Grasses which demonstrated both high yield and persistence of yield were
Brachiaria decumbens
MARDI accession, B. humidicola cv. Tully and Panicum maximum
cvs Gatton, Riversdale and
Vencedor. High yielding and persistent legumes were Stylosanthes scabra
cv. Seca and S. guianensis
CIAT 184. Survival of species monitored one year after completion of the
experiment indicated the
good longer term persistence of grasses Stenotaphrum secundatum,
Panicum laxum, Paspalum
notatum, Paspalum wettsteinii, Brachiaria humidicola
and Panicum maximum cv. Vencedor, and
legumes Arachis repens and A. pintoi.
A comparison of management regimes for one-year
rotational set-aside within a sequence of winter wheat
crops, and of growing wheat without interruption.
1. Effects on soil mineral nitrogen, grain yield and quality
Authors: BACON E. T. G. , HEWITT M. V. , SHEPHERD C. E. 
Published: July 2002

A series of three experiments on loam to sandy loam soil at Woburn,

all following winter or spring
wheat, tested the effects of six different 1-year set-aside treatments

and crops of winter wheat in 1989,
1990 and 1991 on two following winter wheat test crops. Effects of the
treatments on overwinter
changes in soil mineral nitrogen (SMN) and plant N in the set-aside years

and in the first test crops
were measured, as were the grain yields of both the first and second test
crops.Differences in net overwinter changes in SMN plus plant N between set-aside
treatments were
variable and dependent on rainfall. During a wet winter, SMN plus plant

N losses were large under
fallow and natural regeneration, intermediate under winter wheat and
small under Italian ryegrass
(Lolium multiflorum). Ryegrass restricted the growth of the
following wheat but yields were unaffected where fertilizer N was
applied. Ryegrass proved difficult to control in the subsequent wheat
test crops. Forage rape (Brassica napus) took up large amounts

of N but after topping did not compete well with weeds.Yields of the first wheat test crops after winter wheat were smaller
than after the set-aside
treatments, take-all was probably the cause of this yield depression.
No consistent yield differences
were recorded in the second wheat test crops.
Writing the American Revolution: War Veterans in the Nineteenth-Century

Cultural Memory
Authors: TANG EDWARD 
Published: July 2002

With how little cooperation of the societies after all is the past
remembered
– At first history had no muse – but a kind fate watched over
her
– some garrulous old man with tenacious memory told it to his child.Henry David Thoreau,Journals (1842)In 1823, something of the bittersweet occurred in Cranston, Rhode
Island: an aged revolutionary war veteran returned to his hometown after

a prolonged exile in England. Hopeful about reuniting with his family and

community after an absence of nearly fifty years, the old soldier was
surprised and disappointed to learn that his property had been sold, his

family had moved west, and few among the remaining villagers even
remembered who he was. Such is the story of one Israel Potter. An
adventurous fellow, he had fought at the battle near Bunker Hill, had met

Benjamin Franklin, and, after being captured by the British, had roamed

England after the war, continually poverty-stricken, while searching for

a passage back to America. Once returned to Cranston, he applied for a

federal pension for his wartime services. In all probability, Potter never

received any financial compensation, but he left a narrative of his life,

reminding his readers that at one point in the republic's history,
he did matter.
Effect of milk chemical composition and clotting characteristics on

chemical and sensory properties of Reblochon de Savoie cheese
Authors: MARTIN BRUNO , CHAMBA JEAN-FRANÇOIS , COULON JEAN-BAPTISTE , PERREARD ERIC 
Published: July 2002

Success in making a cheese acceptable in both flavour and
texture depends partly
on curd properties which determine the retention of fat and moisture and,
thus,
cheese yield and composition (Green & Grandison, 1993). When considering

farmhouse and/or Appelation d'Origine Contrôlée
cheese where milk treatments are
not allowed, curd properties depend only on milk composition and clotting

characteristics, which are subject to wide fluctuations over the year owing
to the
cow's stage of lactation and nutritional factors (O'Keeffe,
1984; Macheboeuf et al.
1993). These variations often result in seasonal differences in the
chemical or sensory
properties of the cheese (Kefford et al. 1995) which are
sometimes difficult to
understand (Grandison et al. 1985). Only a few studies have assessed
the
cheesemaking quality of milk by actually making ripened cheese; most studies
report
milk coagulation properties and curd firmness.The object of this work was to study the influence of the chemical composition

and clotting characteristics of the milk on the chemical and sensory properties
of
ripened cheeses when milk characteristics vary widely.
A multiphase model for compressible flows with interfaces, shocks, detonation waves and cavitation
Authors: SAUREL RICHARD , LEMETAYER OLIVIER 
Published: July 2002

A compressible multiphase unconditionally hyperbolic model is proposed. It is able
to deal with a wide range of applications: interfaces between compressible materials,
shock waves in condensed multiphase mixtures, homogeneous two-phase flows (bubbly
and droplet flows) and cavitation in liquids. Here we focus on the generalization
of the formulation to an arbitrary number of fluids, and to mass and energy transfers,
and extend the associated Godunov method.We first detail the specific problems involved in the computation of thermodynamic
interface variables when dealing with compressible materials separated by well-defined
interfaces. We then address one of the major problems in the modelling of detonation
waves in condensed energetic materials and propose a way to suppress the mixture
equation of state. We then consider another problem of practical importance related
to high-pressure liquid injection and associated cavitating flow. This problem involves
the dynamic creation of interfaces. We show that the multiphase model is able to
solve these very different problems using a unique formulation.We then develop the Godunov method for this model. We show how the non-conservative
terms must be discretized in order to fulfil the interface conditions.
Numerical resolution of interface conditions and partial equilibrium multiphase
mixtures also requires the introduction of infinite relaxation terms. We propose a way
to solve them in the context of an arbitrary number of fluids. This is of particular
importance for the development of multimaterial reactive hydrocodes. We finally extend
the discretization method in the multidimensional case, and show some results
and validations of the model and method.