bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐oncologist alliance as protection against suicidal ideation in young adults with advanced cancer
Authors: Trevino Kelly M. , Abbott Caroline H. , Fisch Michael J. , Friedlander Robert J. , Duberstein Paul R. , Prigerson Holly G. 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUNDYoung adults with cancer are at an increased risk of suicidal ideation. To the authors' knowledge, the impact of the patient‐oncologist alliance on suicidal ideation has not been examined to date. The current study examined the relationship between the patient‐oncologist therapeutic alliance and suicidal ideation in young adults with advanced cancer.METHODSA total of 93 young adult patients (aged 20 years‐40 years) with incurable, recurrent, or metastatic cancer were evaluated by trained interviewers. Suicidal ideation was assessed with the Yale Evaluation of Suicidality scale, dichotomized into a positive and negative score. Predictors included diagnoses of major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder, physical quality of life, social support, and use of mental health and supportive care services. The Human Connection Scale, dichotomized into a strong (upper third) and weak (lower two‐thirds) therapeutic alliance, assessed the strength of the patients' perceived oncologist alliance.RESULTSApproximately 22.6% of patients screened positive for suicidal ideation. Patients with a strong therapeutic alliance were found to be at reduced risk of suicidal ideation after controlling for confounding influences of cancer diagnosis, Karnofsky performance status, number of physical symptoms, physical quality of life, major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and social support. A strong therapeutic alliance was also associated with a reduced risk of suicidal ideation after controlling for mental health discussions with health care providers and use of mental health interventions.CONCLUSIONSThe patient‐oncologist alliance was found to be a robust predictor of suicidal ideation and provided better protection against suicidal ideation than mental health interventions, including psychotropic medications. Oncologists may significantly influence patients' mental health and may benefit from training and guidance in building strong alliances with their young adult patients. Cancer 2014;120:2272–2281. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Factors associated with reduced accuracy in Papanicolaou tests for patients with invasive cervical cancer
Authors: Zhao Lichao , Wentzensen Nicolas , Zhang Roy R. , Dunn S. Terence , Gold Michael A. , Wang Sophia S. , Schiffman Mark , Walker Joan L. , Zuna Rosemary E. 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUNDRecent proposals to lengthen the interval in cervical cancer screening highlight the importance of the accurate interpretation of screening tests. Tumor debris present in Papanicolaou (Pap) tests from women with invasive cancer is known to hamper interpretation. The current study evaluated limiting factors in Pap tests from women with invasive cervical cancer.METHODSA total of 3003 women with the spectrum of cervical lesions who had ThinPrep (Hologic Inc, Marlborough, Mass) Pap and human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping tests performed were grouped by their most severe histologic diagnosis. Cytologic and HPV results were analyzed by cross‐sectional analysis.RESULTSThe unsatisfactory rate of cytology specimens from patients with cancer (3.1%) was significantly higher than those from patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of type 3 or less (0.8%) (P < .001). The percentage of samples with qualified adequacy was 34.8% in specimens from patients with cancer compared with only 3.6% from specimens from those without cancer (P < .001). The unsatisfactory and qualified adequacy rates were higher in squamous cancers compared with adenocarcinomas. However, adenocarcinomas were identified less frequently than squamous cancers (37.0% vs 61.7%) in the Pap tests. HPV tests were positive in 84.4% of unsatisfactory cases including 8 of 9 cancer cases, although 8.5% of cancers tested negative for HPV.CONCLUSIONSUnsatisfactory and suboptimal ThinPrep Pap tests were increased in cancer cases compared with lesser histologic diagnoses. This was found to be particularly true for squamous cancers. Specimens from adenocarcinomas had fewer adequacy problems but were less frequently recognized as malignant. HPV tests were positive in the majority of unsatisfactory Pap tests in women with carcinoma, suggesting that HPV testing in women aged > 30 years can help to identify high‐risk women with unsatisfactory Pap tests. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:694–701. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Are Boryl Radicals from Amine–Boranes and Phosphine–Boranes the Most Stable Radicals?
Authors: Martín‐Sómer Ana , Mó Otilia , Yáñez Manuel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe relative stability of the radicals that can be produced from amine–boranes and phosphine–boranes is investigated at the G3‐RAD level of theory. Aminyl ([RNH].:BH3) and phosphinyl ([RPH].:BH3) radicals are systematically more stable than the boryl analogues, [RNH2]:BH2. and [RPH2]:BH2.. Despite similar stability trends for [RNH].:BH3 and [RPH].:BH3 radicals with respect to boryl radicals, there are significant dissimilarities between amine– and phosphine–boranes. The homolytic bond dissociation energy of the NH bond decreases upon association of the amines with BH3, whereas that of the PH bond for phosphines increases. The stabilization of the free amine is much smaller than that of the corresponding aminyl radical, whereas for phosphines this is the other way around. The homolytic bond dissociation energy of the BH bond of borane decreases upon complexation with both amines and phosphines.
Efficient Fixation of CO2 by a Zinc‐Coordinated Conjugated Microporous Polymer
Authors: Xie Yong , Wang Ting‐Ting , Yang Rui‐Xia , Huang Nian‐Yu , Zou Kun , Deng Wei‐Qiao 
Published: May 2014

AbstractZinc‐coordinated conjugated microporous polymers (Zn‐CMPs), prepared by linking salen zinc and 1,3,5‐triethynylbenzene, exhibit extraordinary activities (turnover frequencies of up to 11600 h−1), broad substrate scope, and group tolerance for the synthesis of functional organic carbonates by coupling epoxides with CO2 at 120 °C and 3.0 MPa without the use of additional solvents. The catalytic activity of Zn‐CMP is comparable to those of homogeneous catalysts and superior to those of other heterogeneous catalysts. This catalyst could be reused more than ten times without a significant decrease in performance.
Copper Complexes of N‐Donor Ligands as Artificial Nucleases
Authors: Wende Christian , Lüdtke Carsten , Kulak Nora 
Published: May 2014

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Nora Kulak at Freie Universität Berlin. The cover image shows metal complexes capable of cleaving DNA, so‐called artificial metallonucleases based on copper as the central atom and comprising N‐donor ligands. Heteroaromatic, macrocyclic, and peptidic ligand systems are adumbrated in the background.
Introducing Potential Hemilability into “Click” Triazoles and Triazolylidenes: Synthesis and Characterization of d6‐Metal Complexes and Oxidation Catalysis
Authors: Hohloch Stephan , Hettmanczyk Lara , Sarkar Biprajit 
Published: May 2014

AbstractHemilabile ligands are known to impart remarkable properties to their metal complexes. Herein, we present arene half‐sandwich complexes of RuII, OsII, and IrIII with “click”‐derived 1,2,3‐triazole (L1) and 1,2,3‐triazol‐5‐ylidene (L2) ligands containing a potentially hemilabile thioether donor. Structural elucidation of the complexes revealed localization of double bonds within the triazole in L1 and a delocalized situation within the triazolylidene ring of L2. For complexes with L1, unusual coordination occurs through the less basic nitrogen “N2” of the 1,2,3‐triazole. All complexes were applied for the catalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde using N‐methylmorpholine N‐oxide as sacrificial oxidant. Furthermore, oxidation of diphenylmethanol to benzophenone was also achieved by using low catalyst loadings in very good yields. These are rare examples of OsII–triazole, as well as of OsII–triazolylidene complexes with “click”‐derived ligands.
Halogenated flame retardants during egg formation and chicken embryo development: Maternal transfer, possible biotransformation, and tissue distribution
Authors: Zheng Xiao-Bo , Luo Xiao-Jun , Zeng Yan-Hong , Wu Jiang-Ping , Chen She-Jun , Mai Bi-Xian 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Hen muscle, eggs, and newborn chick tissues (muscle and liver) were collected from an electronic waste recycling site in southern China. The authors examined the maternal transfer, potential metabolism, and tissue distribution of several halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) during egg formation and chicken embryo development. The pollutant composition changes significantly from hen muscle to eggs and from eggs to tissues of newborn chicks. Higher-halogenated chemicals, such as octa- to deca-polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners, deca-polybrominated biphenyl (PBB209), and dechlorane plus (DP), are less readily transferred to eggs compared with lower-halogenated chemicals. During embryo development, PBDEs are the most likely to be metabolized, whereas decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) is the least. The authors also observed selective maternal transfer of anti-DP and stereoselective metabolism of syn-DP during chicken embryo development. During tissue development, liver has greater affinity than the muscle for chemcials with a high log octanol–water partition coefficient, with the exception of DBDPE. The differences in metabolism potential of different chemicals in chicken embryos cause pollutant composition alterations. Halogenated flame retardant from maternal transfer and tissue distribution also exhibited chemical specificity, especially for DBDPE. Levels of DBDPE were elevated along with the full process from hen muscle to eggs and from eggs to chick tissues. More attention should be paid to the selective accumulation and biotransformation of HFRs in the early development stage of birds. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:1712–1719. © 2014 SETAC
Preparation process of active enzymolysis polypeptides from seahorse bone meal
Authors: Jiang Zhanzhi , Xu Yongjian , Su Yuting 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe preparation process of protein enzymolysis technology for the three‐spot seahorse (Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach) degreased bone meal was developed. Two enzymes with better enzymolysis effect were selected from the five proteases, and the optimization condition of the Alkaline Protease is temperature – 54.7°C, pH – 9, duration of 6 h, the acquired rate of polypeptides was 11.77%; and that of Trypsin is temperature – 45°C, pH – 8.8, and duration of 4 h, and the rate was 11.49% by Response Surface Methodology. The strategy of compound enzymes was “Trypsin + Alkaline Protease”. The selected preparation process of active polypeptides by the compound enzymolysis technology acquired rate of polypeptides was 14.41 ± 0.16%, increased about 3% of acquired rate of polypeptides and 2.6–4.5% of the free radical scavenging rate than those of the single enzyme. The increased antioxidant capacity mainly came from the increased concentration of polypeptide in II# peak, which increased about 10% of the free radical scavenging rate. The strategy of selected compound enzymes can effectively improve the utilization rate of seahorse protein.
Altered temporal variance and neural synchronization of spontaneous brain activity in anesthesia
Authors: Huang Zirui , Wang Zhiyao , Zhang Jianfeng , Dai Rui , Wu Jinsong , Li Yuan , Liang Weimin , Mao Ying , Yang Zhong , Holland Giles , Zhang Jun , Northoff Georg 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRecent studies at the cellular and regional levels have pointed out the multifaceted importance of neural synchronization and temporal variance of neural activity. For example, neural synchronization and temporal variance has been shown by us to be altered in patients in the vegetative state (VS). This finding nonetheless leaves open the question of whether these abnormalities are specific to VS or rather more generally related to the absence of consciousness. The aim of our study was to investigate the changes of inter‐ and intra‐regional neural synchronization and temporal variance of resting state activity in anesthetic‐induced unconsciousness state. Applying an intra‐subject design, we compared resting state activity in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) between awake versus anesthetized states in the same subjects. Replicating previous studies, we observed reduced functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and thalamocortical network in the anesthetized state. Importantly, intra‐regional synchronization as measured by regional homogeneity (ReHo) and temporal variance as measured by standard deviation (SD) of the BOLD signal were significantly reduced in especially the cortical midline regions, while increased in the lateral cortical areas in the anesthetized state. We further found significant frequency‐dependent effects of SD in the thalamus, which showed abnormally high SD in Slow‐5 (0.01–0.027 Hz) in the anesthetized state. Our results show for the first time of altered temporal variance of resting state activity in anesthesia. Combined with our findings in the vegetative state, these findings suggest a close relationship between temporal variance, neural synchronization and consciousness. Hum Brain Mapp 35:5368–5378, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nonlinear bacterial load‐streamflow response on a marine beach
Authors: Thoe Wai , Lee Joseph Hun‐wei 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBacterial concentration (Escherichia coli) is used as the key indicator for marine beach water quality in Hong Kong. For beaches receiving streamflow from unsewered catchments, water quality is mainly affected by local nonpoint source pollution and is highly dependent on the bacterial load contributed from the catchment. As most of these catchments are ungauged, the bacterial load is generally unknown. In this study, streamflow and the associated bacterial load contributed from an unsewered catchment to a marine beach, Big Wave Bay, are simulated using a modelling approach. The physically based distributed hydrological model, MIKE‐SHE, and the empirical watershed water quality model (Hydrological Simulation Program – Fortran) are used to simulate streamflow and daily‐averaged E. coli concentration/load, respectively. The total daily derived loads predicted by the model during calibration (June–July 2007) and validation (July–October 2008) periods agree well with empirical validation data, with a percentage difference of 3 and 2%, respectively. The simulation results show a nonlinear relationship between E. coli load and rainfall/streamflow and reveal a source limiting nature of nonpoint source pollution. The derived load is further used as an independent variable in a multiple linear regression (MLR) model to predict daily beach water quality. When compared with the MLR models based solely on hydrometeorological input variables (e.g. rainfall and salinity), the new model based on bacterial load predicts much more realistic E. coli concentrations during rainstorms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA levels as a biomarker for short‐term N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine‐induced rat bladder carcinogenesis bioassay
Authors: Wakui Shin , Mutou Tomoko , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Ikegami Masahiro , Wanibuchi Hideki , Fukushima Shoji 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTGenerically, carcinogenic effects of chemicals in bladder carcinogenesis are judged by induction of papillary or nodular (PN) hyperplasia in rats given N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) for 4 weeks and the test chemical for 22–28 weeks. However, upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) begins early in rat BBN bladder carcinogenesis. To establish a short‐term rat bladder carcinogenic bioassay, we analyzed the correlations between VEGF, VEGF mRNA and bladder lesions inductions at 10 and 26 weeks after BBN treatment. Six‐week‐old male Wistar (slc) rats were given 0.05% BBN for 4, 10 or 26 weeks. To avoid individual rat bias, the bladders were investigated by partial cystectomy at 10 weeks and total cystectomy at 26 weeks. After induction, PN hyperplasia and carcinoma in rats increased with the length of BBN treatment and immunohistochemical VEGF expression also increased following carcinogenesis, but the immunoreactivity of individual lesions was quite variable. Moreover, induction of PN hyperplasia at 10 weeks’ BBN treatment was not significantly correlated with that at 26 weeks' treatment; thus, it was not possible to predict the carcinogenic effect due to the induction of PN hyperplasia at 26 weeks' BBN treatment by that at 10 weeks' treatment. However, VEGF mRNA levels of rat bladders at 10 weeks' BBN treatment revealed a strong significant correlation with the incidence of bladder lesions at 26 weeks' treatment. Here, we suggest that quantitative VEGF mRNA levels are a good biomarker for a short‐term BBN‐induced bioassay for rat bladder carcinogenesis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developmental toxicity assay using high content screening of zebrafish embryos
Authors: Lantz‐McPeak Susan , Guo Xiaoqing , Cuevas Elvis , Dumas Melanie , Newport Glenn D. , Ali Syed F. , Paule Merle G. , Kanungo Jyotshna 
Published: May 2014

AbstractTypically, time‐consuming standard toxicological assays using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo model evaluate mortality and teratogenicity after exposure during the first 2 days post‐fertilization. Here we describe an automated image‐based high content screening (HCS) assay to identify the teratogenic/embryotoxic potential of compounds in zebrafish embryos in vivo. Automated image acquisition was performed using a high content microscope system. Further automated analysis of embryo length, as a statistically quantifiable endpoint of toxicity, was performed on images post‐acquisition. The biological effects of ethanol, nicotine, ketamine, caffeine, dimethyl sulfoxide and temperature on zebrafish embryos were assessed. This automated developmental toxicity assay, based on a growth‐retardation endpoint should be suitable for evaluating the effects of potential teratogens and developmental toxicants in a high throughput manner. This approach can significantly expedite the screening of potential teratogens and developmental toxicants, thereby improving the current risk assessment process by decreasing analysis time and required resources. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Gene expression analysis of laminin‐1‐induced neurite outgrowth in human mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow
Authors: Mruthyunjaya S. , Parveen D. , Shah Reecha D. , Manchanda Rumma , Godbole Ravibhushan , Vasudevan Madavan , Shastry Padma 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe mechanisms underlying the differentiation of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward neuronal cell type are not clearly understood. Earlier, we reported that laminin‐1 induces neurite outgrowth in human MSCs via c‐Jun/AP‐1 activation through ERK, JNK, and Akt pathways. In this study, we demonstrate that laminin‐1 increases the expression of proneural gene, neuroD1 and induces the expression of immediate‐early biomarkers of neuronal cell‐programming—Egr1, Egr3, PC3, and PC4. Gene expression profiling of MSCs cultured on laminin‐1 and Poly‐l‐lysine for 12 h revealed differential regulation of 267 genes (>1.5 fold, p < 0.05), predominantly in the category of nervous system development and affected the pathways involved in TGF‐β/TNF‐α signaling, regulation of MAPK and JNK cascade. Data for 11 selected genes related to nervous system development was validated by real time PCR. Transcriptional regulatory network analysis revealed c‐Jun as the key transcription factor regulating majority of differentially expressed genes and identified Disrupted in schizophrenia 1, as a novel target of c‐Jun. Modeling and analysis of biological network showed selective induction of Growth Arrest and DNA damage 45 (GADD45B) and repression of NF‐κB inhibitor A (NFκBIA). Collectively, our findings provide the basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with laminin‐1‐induced neurogenic expression in MSCs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 746–761, 2015.
Application of process analytical technology for downstream purification of biotherapeutics
Authors: Rathore Anurag S. , Kapoor Gautam 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe concept of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) introduced by the US FDA has received a lot of attention lately. The use of such a scheme ensures robust process performance over the entire life cycle of the product and consistent product quality at the end of the manufacturing process. Successful implementation of PAT requires use of high resolution, orthogonal analytical tools that are able to measure the critical quality attributes (CQA) of the raw materials and in‐process materials with the aim of ensuring final product quality. This article presents a review of PAT applications for monitoring commonly used downstream biotech unit operations. Focus of the review will be on recent advancements (last 5 years). Analytical tools that have been used in these approaches have also been discussed with reference to their speed of analysis, robustness and sensitivity. Also discussed is their potential to replace the traditional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which continues to be the gold standard for analysis of biotech therapeutics. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Suspected coronary ostium calcification identified as a protruding stent by epiaortic echography
Authors: Kim Jun Hyun , Kim Kyung Woo , Choe Won Joo 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTA 76‐year‐old male patient was admitted for mitral valvuloplasty. He had suffered a myocardial infarction 7 months earlier, and two stents had been inserted in the left main coronary artery and left circumflex artery. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed a 10 × 8 mm echogenic mass at the ostium of the left main coronary artery. We initially suspected severe atheromatous calcification at the coronary ostium, which might require aortotomy and removal, but we decided to perform an epiaortic ultrasonographic scan first to obtain better images and reevaluate. Epiaortic scanning with a linear sonographic probe identified the mass as a protruding coronary stent. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 43:135–137, 2015