bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Of saints and blood: the Narita Buddhist sword cult in Edo Japan
Authors: Bond Kevin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis article examines the local character of early modern (1600–1868) Japanese Buddhism using a case study of the Narita Fudō cult of Shinshōji Temple, with particular attention to the temple's most sacred treasure, the legendary Sword of Amakuni. Drawing on local sources produced within and beyond clerical circles, it examines how the sword and its popular narratives became central to the public identity of the cult and the temple's proselytization efforts. This article illuminates the evolving, fluid nature of deity cults as highly mobile properties working across sectarian boundaries, and how these properties gained importance beyond the walls of Buddhist institutions among the artistic and theatrical landscapes of the country's capital.
Task-space bilateral teleoperation systems for heterogeneous robots with time-varying delays
Authors: Liu Yen-Chen 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYThis paper proposes control algorithms for heterogeneous teleoperation systems to guarantee stability and tracking performance in the presence of time-varying communication delays. Because robotic manipulators, in most applications of bilateral teleoperation systems, interact with a human operator and remote environment on the end-effector, the control system is developed in the task-space. When the dynamic parameters of the robots are unknown and the communication network is subject to time-varying delay, the developed controller can ensure stability and task-space position tracking. Additionally, if the robotic systems are influenced by human and environmental forces, the presented teleoperation control system is demonstrated to be stable and all signals are proven to be ultimately bounded. By employing the redundancy of the slave robot for sub-task control, the proposed teleoperation system can autonomously achieve additional missions in the remote environment. Numerical examples utilizing a redundant planar robot are addressed to validate the proposed task-space teleoperators with time-varying delay.
Aspects of plant behaviour under anoxia and post-anoxia
Authors: Pfister-Sieber M. , Brändle R. 
Published: May 2014

SynopsisAll plants are able to survive anoxic periods, but the degree of tolerance shows large variation. The main injuries related to anoxia are eventually due to changes in energy metabolism. Low energy charge values indicate a cessation of many ATP consuming processes. Sugar starvation, lactic acid fermentation and proton release from leaky vacuoles are responsible for cell death. Long-term anoxia tolerance is dependent on storage products in the vicinity of sinks, on an adequate control of glycolysis, synthesis of essential proteins, and stability of membranes and organelles. However, no fundamental differences between the metabolic pathways of tolerant and non-tolerant tissues are known. It is rather a question of minor changes and the regulation of anaerobic metabolism.Re-exposure of anoxic tissues to air may even be more detrimental than anoxia itself. These injuries are mainly due to enhanced radical generation. Lipid peroxidation processes lead to membrane damage, disintegration, and leakage of solutes. Under natural conditions plants are equipped with radical-detoxifying systems (SOD, peroxidases and antioxidants). Natural detoxifying systems can be reduced in non-adapted plants under anoxia and they become more sensitive to post-anoxic damage. In addition, the rapid conversion of ethanol to extremely toxic acetaldehyde seems to be a cause of tissue injury and death.
Agenesis of the venous duct: two cases of extrahepatic drainage of the umbilical vein and extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with a review of the literature
Authors: Loomba Rohit S. , Frommelt Michele , Moe David , Shillingford Amanda J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAgenesis of the venous duct is a rare congenital anomaly resulting in abnormal drainage of the umbilical vein into the foetal venous circulation. The clinical presentation and prognosis is variable, and may depend on the specific drainage pathways of the umbilical vein. We present two foetuses with agenesis of the venous duct, both associated with a postnatal portosystemic shunt, but with markedly different postnatal clinical courses. We also review all previously reported cases to better characterise this foetal disorder and the prognosis.
Successful surgical repair of a massive window duct in a 1-month old with aniridia and pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis
Authors: Siomos Austine K. , Mitchell Max B. , Fonseca Brian M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe window duct is a rare congenital anomaly that is physiologically similar to an aortopulmonary window but is extrapericardial at the distal pulmonary trunk. The diagnosis is challenging, and surgical management is complex. Our patient is the first and the youngest to be reported with successful closure and diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.
Third Wave Shiʻism: Sayyid ‘Arif Husain al-Husaini and the Islamic Revolution in Pakistan
Authors: FUCHS SIMON WOLFGANG 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper seeks to illuminate the intellectual impact of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 among Pakistani Shiʻas by focusing on Sayyid ʻArif Husain al-Husaini, the dominating Shiʻi leader of the 1980s. In particular, I am interested in exploring how al-Husaini adapted hallmark themes of the Iranian revolutionary message, such as Muslim unity or political leadership of the religious scholars (ʻulama), to the specific circumstances of Pakistan. Crucial for such processes of translation was not only pressure from the Pakistani state but rather internal challenges and divisions among the Shiʻi community. While al-Husaini could draw on a strong, indigenous tradition of political mobilisation, his revolutionary ʻthird waveʼ of Shiʻi thought sat uncomfortably between Lucknow-educated traditionalists and Najaf-trained reformers who shied away from getting entangled in these novel forms of politics. By drawing on biographical accounts and al-Husaini's speeches in Urdu, I trace how his revolutionary rhetoric had to accommodate thorny local issues such as sectarianism, South Asian mourning traditions or the lack of an established Shiʻi clerical hierarchy in Pakistan.
The relationship between BMI and blood pressure in children aged 7–12 years in Ankara, Turkey
Authors: Polat Mustafa , Yıkılkan Hülya , Aypak Cenk , Görpelioğlu Süleyman 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjectiveRecent studies have reported an increasing prevalence of childhood hypertension. Obesity is probably the most important risk factor. The relationship between hypertension and BMI in children has not been studied in Ankara, which is the second largest city in Turkey.DesignCross-sectional study analysing direct data on height, weight and blood pressure of students.SettingPopulation-based study in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey.SubjectsIn three schools, 2826 students aged 7–12 years.ResultsThe overall prevalence of hypertension was 7·9 %. Among the 222 hypertensive children, 124 (56 %) were boys and ninety-eight (44 %) were girls (P=0·40). In the whole group, 3·6 % had only systolic hypertension, 0·7 % had only diastolic hypertension and 3·5 % had both systolic and diastolic hypertension. The prevalences of overweight and obesity were both 13·9 %. BMI was significantly correlated with blood pressure (P<0·001). Overweight and obesity were more common in boys (P<0·001).ConclusionsHypertension was more common than has been reported in other studies. Blood pressure measurement should be routine and frequent in children, especially obese children.
A probabilistic logic programming event calculus
Authors: SKARLATIDIS ANASTASIOS , ARTIKIS ALEXANDER , FILIPPOU JASON , PALIOURAS GEORGIOS 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe present a system for recognising human activity given a symbolic representation of video content. The input of our system is a set of time-stamped short-term activities (STA) detected on video frames. The output is a set of recognised long-term activities (LTA), which are pre-defined temporal combinations of STA. The constraints on the STA that, if satisfied, lead to the recognition of an LTA, have been expressed using a dialect of the Event Calculus. In order to handle the uncertainty that naturally occurs in human activity recognition, we adapted this dialect to a state-of-the-art probabilistic logic programming framework. We present a detailed evaluation and comparison of the crisp and probabilistic approaches through experimentation on a benchmark dataset of human surveillance videos.
TeV observations of the Galactic center and starburst galaxies
Authors: de Naurois Mathieu 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe vicinity of the Galactic center harbors many potential accelerators of cosmic rays (CR) that could shine in very-high-energy (VHE) γ-rays, such as pulsar wind nebulae, supernova remnants, binary systems and the central black hole Sgr A*, and is characterized by high gas density, large magnetic fields and a high rate of starburst activity similar to that observed in the core of starburst galaxies. In addition to these astrophysical sources, annihilation of putative WIMPs concentrated in the gravitational well could lead to significant high-energy emission at the Galactic center. The Galactic center region has been observed by atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, and in particular by the H. E. S. S. array in Namibia for the last ten years above 150 GeV. This large data set, comprising more than 200 hours of observations, led to the discovery of a point-like source spatially compatible with the supermassive black hole Sgr A*, and to an extended diffuse emission, correlated with molecular clouds and attributed to the interaction of cosmic rays with the interstellar medium. Over the same time period, two starburst galaxies, namely M 82 and NGC 253, were detected at TeV energies after very deep exposures. Results from these ten years of observations of the Galactic center region and starburst galaxies at TeV energies are presented, and implications for the various very-high-energy emission mechanisms are discussed.
Improved dynamical modelling of the Arches cluster
Authors: Lee Joowon , Kim Sungsoo S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRecently, Clarkson et al. (2012) measured the intrinsic velocity dispersion of the Arches cluster, a young and massive star cluster in the Galactic center. Using the observed velocity dispersion profile and the surface brightness profile of Espinoza et al. (2009), they estimate the cluster's present-day mass to be ∼ 1.5×104 M⊙ by fitting an isothermal King model. In this study, we trace the best-fit initial mass for the Arches cluster using the same observed data set and also the anisotropic Fokker-Planck calculations for the dynamical evolution.
Lessons from comparisons between the nuclear region of the Milky Way and those in nearby spirals
Authors: Gallagher John S. , Yoast-Hull Tova M. , Zweibel Ellen G. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe Milky Way appears as a typical barred spiral, and comparisons can be made between its nuclear region and those of structurally similar nearby spirals. Maffei 2, M83, IC 342 and NGC 253 are nearby systems whose nuclear region properties contrast with those of the Milky Way. Stellar masses derived from NIR photometery, molecular gas masses and star formation rates allow us to assess the evolutionary states of this set of nuclear regions. These data suggest similarities between nuclear regions in terms of their stellar content while highlighting significant differences in current star formation rates. In particular current star formation rates appear to cover a larger range than expected based on the molecular gas masses. This behavior is consistent with nuclear region star formation experiencing episodic variations. Under this hypothesis the Milky Way's nuclear region currently may be in a low star formation rate phase.
The nucleus of IC 342 as a potential twin of the Galactic center
Authors: Meier David S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe Galactic center (GC), being the closest nucleus, holds a position of privilege in the study of galaxy centers, but because it is edge-on and hidden behind 30 magnitudes of visual extinction it is often difficult to understand the overall structure of the region. Nearby galactic nuclei potentially provide a guide to understanding the large-scale structure of the GC. High resolution maps of molecular line emission along with radio and optical continuum towards the nucleus of the nearby, face-on spiral IC 342 are discussed. Attention is focused on a comparison of the large-scale morphology, gas chemistry, and star formation between the two nuclei. The case is made that IC 342 is one of the best extragalactic templates for the GC. Both have a star formation rate within a factor of two of each other and an ISM morphology characterized by a R 300 pc central molecular zone formed from a pair of arms laced with a collection of dense star forming molecular clouds. IC 342 also exhibits a nuclear cluster and associated circumnuclear disk. Whether the nuclear morphology and chemistry in IC 342 is an extension of the disk bar, a separate nuclear bar, or results from radiative/mechanical feedback remains unsettled.
The warm ISM in the Sgr A region: mid-J CO, atomic carbon, ionized atomic carbon, and ionized nitrogen line observations with the Herschel/HIFI and NANTEN2/SMART Telescopes
Authors: García Pablo , Simon Robert , Stutzki Jürgen , Requena-Torres Miguel , Güsten Rolf , Fukui Yasuo , Yamamoto Hiroaki , Bertoldi Frank , Burton Michael , Bronfman Leonardo , Ogawa Hideo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe present Herschel/HIFI sub-mm atomic carbon ([Ci] 3P1 – 3P0 and [Ci] 3P2 – 3P1), ionized carbon ([Cii] 2P3/2 – 2P1/2), and ionized nitrogen ([Nii] 3P1 – 3P0) line observations obtained in the frame of the Herschel Guaranteed Time HEXGAL (Herschel EXtraGALactic) key program (P. I. Rolf Güsten, MPIfR), and NANTEN2/SMART carbon monoxide (CO(J = 4 – 3)) observations of the warm gas around the Sgr A region. The spectrally resolved emission from all lines, and the corresponding line intensity ratios, show a very complex morphology. The determination of spatial and spectral (anti)correlation with known sources in the Sgr A region such as the Arched Filaments, NTF filaments, the Sickle, Quintuplet cluster, CND clouds, is ongoing work.
Study of the molecular gas in the central parsec of the Galaxy through regularized 3D spectroscopy
Authors: Ciurlo A. , Paumard T. , Rouan D. , Clénet Y. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe cool gas in the central parsec of the Galaxy is organized in the surrounding circumnuclear disk, made of neutral gas, and the internal minispiral, composed of dust and ionized gas. In order to study the transition between them we have investigated the presence of H2 neutral gas in this area, through NIR spectro-imaging data observed with SPIFFI. To preserve the spatial resolution we implemented a new method consisting of a regularized 3D fit. We concentrated on the supposedly fully ionized central cavity and the very inner edge of the CND. H2 is detected everywhere: at the boundary of the CND and in the central cavity, where it seems to split in two components, one in the background of the minispiral and one inside the Northern arm.
Sgr A West in the light of molecules: cold and dense gas east of the circumnuclear disk
Authors: Moser Lydia , Eckart A. , Borkar A. , García-Marin M. , Kunneriath D. , Jalali B. , Sabha N. , Shahzamanian B. , Valencia-S. M. , Zamaninasab M. , Bronfman L. , Finger R. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe present the very first detection of N2H+J = (1 – 0) and CH3OH(2k−1k) line emission on 5″ scales in the circumnuclear disk (CND) around Sgr A*. The emission matches the position and shape of the dark clouds in the near-infrared. Our findings suggest that these molecular clouds in the eastern CND are significantly colder and denser than the rest of the CND, and partially shocked. The research on these dark clouds will contribute to understanding the processes of star formation close to a supermassive black hole.
Regularized OSIRIS 3D spectroscopy at the circumnuclear disk ionization front
Authors: Paumard Thibaut , Morris Mark R. , Do Tuan , Ghez Andrea 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe Galactic central black hole and the central cluster of young stars are surrounded by a clumpy gas disk (the circumnuclear disk, CND) that rotates about them at a distance of ≃ 1 pc. The gas in this warm, turbulent, magnetized disk is ultimately likely to migrate into the central cavity and fuel future star formation and black hole accretion. We have observed two fields of approximately 20″ × 20″ in the CND at NIR wavelengths with the OSIRIS integral-field spectrometer at Keck Observatory. These two fields are located at the interface between the neutral and the ionized regions. Our data cover two H2 lines as well as the Brγ line of the Hi spectrum. The signal-to-noise ratio per spatial pixel of each line varies considerably across the field and becomes quite low in some regions. In order to avoid degrading the spatial resolution, we have developed a novel three-dimensional method to analyze the data in terms of regularized parameter maps. The method proves very efficient in retrieving all the information contained in the spectral line emission while not degrading the spatial resolution. We present this new method to analyze 3D spectroscopic data and describe our preliminary results on the structure of the ionized-neutral interface.
Interferometric 3mm spectral line and continuum survey of the central molecular zone
Authors: Pound Marc W. , Yusef-Zadeh Farhad 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBecause of its large angular extent, the central molecular zone (CMZ) has to date only been mapped in the mm with single dish telescopes, with resolution about 30″ (1.4 pc). We present the first interferometric maps of a 90 × 50 pc region of the CMZ, with spatial resolution of ∼10″ (0.4 pc). We mapped ∼0.25 square degrees of the CMZ with CARMA in 3mm continuum and the spectral lines SiO J = (2 − 1), HCO+J = (1 − 0), HCN J = (1 − 0), N2H+J = (1 − 0), and CS J = (2 − 1), covering roughly VLSR = −200 to 200 km s−1 with spectral resolution ΔV ∼ 2.5 km s−1. To recover the large scale structure resolved out by the interferometer, the continuum-subtracted spectral line images were combined with the Mopra 22-m telescope survey.
SOFIA/HAWC+: Mapping the Galactic center magnetic field
Authors: Werner Michael W. , Dowell C. Darren , Chuss D. T. , Morris M. R. , Novak G. ,   for the HAWC+ team
Published: May 2014

AbstractPolarimetry of the far infrared emission from magnetically-aligned interstellar grains is one of the best ways of studying the magnetic field at the Galactic center. We describe the HAWC+ instrument, under development for flight on SOFIA starting in 2015, which will provide a major advance in capability for these critically important measurements.
Radio continuum and radio recombination line observations of the Galactic center lobe
Authors: Nagoshi Halca , Fujisawa Kenta , Kubose Yuzo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRadio continuum (cont) and radio recombination line (RRL) observations with the Yamaguchi 32-m radio telescope toward the lower part of the Galactic center lobe (GCL) in the Galactic center region are presented. While two ridges of the GCL were seen in both continuum and RRL images, the spatial coverage of the ridges of the continuum and RRL is not coincident. We distinguish the continuum emission of the GCL into thermal and non-thermal emission by assuming an electron temperature of the ionized gas of 4370 K, estimated based on the line width (14.1 km s−1). The thermal emission was found to be located inside and surrounded by the non-thermal emission.
Conversion of gas into stars in the Galactic center
Authors: Longmore S. N. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe star formation rate in the central 500 pc of the Milky Way is lower by a factor of > 10 than expected for the substantial amount of dense gas it contains, which challenges current star formation theories. I discuss which physical mechanisms could be causing this observation and put forward a self-consistent cycle of star formation in the Galactic center, in which the plausible star formation inhibitors are combined. Their ubiquity suggests that the perception of a lowered central SFR should be a common phenomenon in other galaxies with direct implications for galactic star formation and also potentially supermassive black hole growth. I then describe a scenario to explain the presence of super star clusters in the Galactic center environment, in which their formation is triggered by gas streams passing close to the minimum of the global Galactic gravitational potential at the location of the central supermassive black hole, Sgr A*. If this triggering mechanism can be verified, we can use the known time interval since closest approach to Sgr A* to study the physics of stellar mass assembly in an extreme environment as a function of absolute time. I outline the first results from detailed numerical simulations testing this scenario. Finally, I describe a study showing that in terms of the baryonic composition, kinematics, and densities, the gas in the Galactic center is indistinguishable from high-redshift clouds and galaxies. As such, the Galactic center clouds may be used as a template to understand the evolution (and possibly the life cycle) of high-redshift clouds and galaxies.
Young stellar objects close to Sgr A*
Authors: Jalali B. , Pelupessy F. I. , Eckart A. , Zwart S. Portegies , Sabha N. , Borkar A. , Moultaka J. , Mužić K. , Moser L. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe aim at modeling small groups of young stars such as IRS 13N, 0.1 pc away from Sgr A*, which is suggested to contain a few embedded massive young stellar objects. We perform hydrodynamical simulations to follow the evolution of molecular clumps orbiting around a 4 × 106 M⊙ black hole, to constrain the formation and the physical conditions of such groups.We find that the strong compression due to the black hole along the orbital radius vector of clumps evolving on highly eccentric orbits causes the clumps densities to increase to higher than the tidal density of Sgr A* and required for star formation. This suggests that the tidal compression from the black hole could support star formation.Additionally, we speculate that the infrared excess source G2/DSO approaching Sgr A* on a highly eccentric orbit could be associated with a dust enshrouded star that may have been formed recently through the mechanism supported by our models.
Satellite infall and mass deposition on the Galactic center
Authors: Gallego S. C. , Cuadra J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe modeled numerically the infall of a small satellite galaxy on to the inner 200 parsec of our Galaxy, to test whether such an event perturbs gas orbiting in the central molecular zone (CMZ), as recently proposed by Lang et al. (2013). This process could have driven a large gas inflow around 10 Myr ago, explaining the past high accretion rate onto the supermassive black hole, and the presence of young stars in the inner parsecs of the Galaxy. Our simulations show a very small inflow of gas, not sufficient to produce the aforementioned effects.
Galactic dynamics feeding the Galactic center
Authors: Renaud Florent , Emsellem Eric , Bournaud Frédéric 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe present the hierarchical structure of the gas and its rapid evolution in the central region of a simulation of the entire Milky Way, run at subparsec resolution. We emphasize the coupling between the kpc-scale dynamics, the molecular ring and the central 5 pc disk feeding the supermassive black hole.