bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic images of the sliver strike‐slip fault and back thrust in the Andaman‐Nicobar region
Authors: Singh Satish C. , Moeremans Raphaele , McArdle Jo , Johansen Kjell 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe sliver strike‐slip Great Sumatra Fault (GSF) traverses mainland Sumatra from the Sunda Strait in the southeast to Banda Aceh in the northwest, and defines the present day plate boundary between the Sunda Plate in the north and the Burmese Sliver Plate in the south. It has been well studied on mainland Sumatra but poorly north of Banda Aceh in the Andaman Sea. Here we present deep seismic reflection images along the northward extension of the GSF over 700 km until it joins the Andaman Sea Spreading Centre, and we interpret these images in the light of earthquake, gravity, and bathymetry data. We find that the GSF has two strands between Banda Aceh and Nicobar Island: a transpression in the south and a deep narrow active rift system in the north, dotted with volcanoes in the center, suggesting that the volcanic arc is coincident with rifting. Farther north of Nicobar Island, an active strike‐slip fault, the Andaman‐Nicobar Fault, cuts through a rifted deep basin until its intersection with the Andaman Sea Spreading Centre. The volcanic arc lies just east of the rift basin. The western margin of this basin seems to be a rifted continental margin, tilted westward, and flooring the Andaman‐Nicobar fore‐arc basin. The Andaman‐Nicobar fore‐arc basin is bounded in the west by back thrusts similar to the West Andaman and Mentawai faults. The cluster of seismicity after the 2004 great Andaman‐Sumatra earthquake just north of Nicobar Island coincides with the intersection of two strike‐slip fault systems.
Observing coseismic gravity change from the Japan Tohoku‐Oki 2011 earthquake with GOCE gravity gradiometry
Authors: Fuchs Martin J. , Bouman Johannes , Broerse Taco , Visser Pieter , Vermeersen Bert 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Japan Tohoku‐Oki earthquake (9.0 Mw) of 11 March 2011 has left signatures in the Earth's gravity field that are detectable by data of the Gravity field Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission. Because the European Space Agency's (ESA) satellite gravity mission Gravity field and steady‐state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE)—launched in 2009—aims at high spatial resolution, its measurements could complement the GRACE information on coseismic gravity changes, although time‐variable gravity was not foreseen as goal of the GOCE mission. We modeled the coseismic earthquake geoid signal and converted this signal to vertical gravity gradients at GOCE satellite altitude. We combined the single gradient observations in a novel way reducing the noise level, required to detect the coseismic gravity change, subtracted a global gravity model, and applied tailored outlier detection to the resulting gradient residuals. Furthermore, the measured gradients were along‐track filtered using different gradient bandwidths where in the space domain Gaussian smoothing has been applied. One‐year periods before and after earthquake occurrence have been compared with the modeled gradients. The comparison reveals that the earthquake signal is well above the accuracy of the vertical gravity gradients at orbital height. Moreover, the obtained signal from GOCE shows a 1.3 times higher amplitude compared with the modeled signal. Besides the statistical significance of the obtained signal, it has a high spatial correlation of ~0.7 with the forward modeled signal. We conclude therefore that the coseismic gravity change of the Japan Tohoku‐Oki earthquake left a statistically significant signal in the GOCE measured gravity gradients.
Spatial variations in isostatic compensation mechanisms of the Ninetyeast Ridge and their tectonic significance
Authors: Sreejith K. M. , Krishna K. S. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Ninetyeast Ridge (NER), one of the longest linear volcanic features on the Earth, offers an excellent opportunity of understanding the isostatic response to the interactions of mantle plume with the migrating mid‐ocean ridge. Bathymetry, geoid, and gravity (shipborne and satellite) data along 72 closely spaced transects and 17 overlapping grids on the NER are analyzed and modeled to determine the effective elastic thickness (Te) beneath the entire ridge. The results of 2‐D and 3‐D flexural modeling of the NER show large spatial variations in Te values ranging from 4 to 35 km, suggesting that the ridge was compensated along its length by different isostatic mechanisms. The southern (south of 22°S latitude) and northern (north of 2°N latitude) parts of the NER have Te values of >10 and >23 km, respectively, revealing that the southern part was emplaced on a lithosphere of intermediate strength possibly on flank of the Indian plate, whereas the northern part was emplaced in an intraplate setting. In contrast, in the central part of the NER (between latitudes 22°S and 2°N), highly variable Te values (4–22 km) are estimated. The scattered Te values in the central NER suggest that this part may have evolved due to the occurrence of frequent ridge jumps caused by the interaction of Kerguelen hot spot with rapid northward migration of the Wharton spreading ridge. Residual Mantle Bouguer Anomaly (RMBA) map of the NER and adjacent basins reveals that the entire length of the NER is associated with a significant negative anomaly up to 200 mGal, indicating the presence of thickened crust or less dense mantle beneath the ridge. 3‐D crustal thickness map of the NER, generated by inversion of the RMBA data, shows a thick crust ranging from 15 to 19 km. The present study clearly shows that NER possesses a highly segmented isostatic pattern with the occurrence of subcrustal underplating or subsurface loading.
Imaging the New Madrid Seismic Zone using double‐difference tomography
Authors: Dunn Meredith , DeShon Heather R. , Powell Christine A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThree‐dimensional P and S wave velocity (VP and VS) models and high‐resolution earthquake relocations are determined for the New Madrid Seismic Zone using double‐difference local earthquake tomography. The data set consists of arrival times and differential times recorded by the Cooperative New Madrid Seismic Network (CNMSN) from 2000 to 2007 and the 1989–1992 Portable Array Network and Data Acquisition deployment. Waveform cross correlation–derived differential times for the CNMSN data are also incorporated. The velocity solutions are compatible with previous solutions centered on the active arms of seismicity and cover a broader area, including mafic intrusions along the margin of the Reelfoot rift. Major features include elevated VP and VS associated with the mafic plutons and reduced VP and VS along and southeast of the Axial fault (AF), a major arm of seismicity trending along the rift axis. Low VP extends to a depth of at least 20 km along the portion of the AF that extends south of the Missouri bootheel. A locally high VP/VS anomaly imaged along the central portion of the Reelfoot fault is spatially correlated with a significant change in fault trend and is interpreted as a region containing high pore pressure and/or water‐filled microcracks.
Nonlinear coupling between quasi 2 day wave and tides based on meteor radar observations at Maui
Authors: Huang Kai Ming , Liu Alan Z. , Lu Xian , Li Zhenhua , Gan Quan , Gong Yun , Huang Chun Ming , Yi Fan , Zhang Shao Dong 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAn observational study of nonlinear interaction between the quasi 2 day wave (QTDW) and the diurnal and semidiurnal tides from meteor radar measurements at Maui is reported. The diurnal and semidiurnal tides show a short‐term variation with the QTDW activity. The variation of amplitude of the semidiurnal tide is opposite to that of the QTDW. The minimum amplitudes of the diurnal tide appear several days later than the maximum amplitudes of the QTDW, and the diurnal tide obviously strengthens when the QTDW drops to small amplitudes. The bispectrum analysis shows significant nonlinear interactions among the QDTW and the tidal components. The two quasi 16 h modes with periods of 16.2 h and 15.8 h generated in the interactions of the QTDW with the diurnal and semidiurnal tides can clearly be distinguished because of the slight deviation of the QTDW period from 48 h. The bicoherence spectrum demonstrates that the QTDW and the semidiurnal tide have quite strong levels of coherence, indicating that the nonlinear interaction is a mechanism responsible for the variability of the semidiurnal tide. Although there is also some interaction between the QTDW and the diurnal tide, their coherence level is low. When the QTDW drops to very weak amplitudes, the background wind decreases and reverses. During this time, the diurnal tide holds large amplitudes. These results support the notion that the variability of the diurnal tide is mainly attributable to the strong QTDW‐induced changes in the background atmosphere, which was shown in the modeling study by Chang et al. (2011). Hence, both the nonlinear interaction and the background flow changes are responsible for the observed variation of the diurnal tide.
Impact of mountain pine beetle outbreaks on forest albedo and radiative forcing, as derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Rocky Mountains, USA
Authors: Vanderhoof M. , Williams C. A. , Ghimire B. , Rogan J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks in North America are widespread and have potentially large‐scale impacts on albedo and associated radiative forcing. Mountain pine beetle outbreaks in Colorado and southern Wyoming have resulted in persistent and significant increases in both winter albedo (change peaked 10 years post outbreak at 0.06 ± 0.01 and 0.05 ± 0.01, in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) stands, respectively) and spring albedo (change peaked 10 years post outbreak at 0.06 ± 0.01 and 0.04 ± 0.01, in lodgepole pine and ponderosa pine stands, respectively). Instantaneous top‐of‐atmosphere radiative forcing peaked for both lodgepole pine and ponderosa pine stands in winter at 10 years post outbreak at −1.7 ± 0.2 W m−2 and −1.4 ± 0.2 W m−2, respectively. The persistent increase in albedo with time since mountain pine beetle disturbance combined with the continued progression of the attack across the landscape from 1994–2011 resulted in an exponential increase in winter and annual radiative cooling (MW) over time. In 2011 the rate of radiative forcing within the study area reached −982.7 ± 139.0 MW, −269.8 ± 38.2 MW, −31.1 ± 4.4 MW, and −147.8 ± 20.9 MW in winter, spring, summer, and fall, respectively. An increase in radiative cooling has the potential to decrease sensible and/or latent heat flux by reducing available energy. Such changes could affect current mountain pine beetle outbreaks which are influenced by climatic conditions.
Laparoscopic robot‐assisted major hepatectomy
Authors: Boggi Ugo , Caniglia Fabio , Amorese Gabriella 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundWe herein present a systematic review of English literature on robot‐assisted major hepatectomy (MH).MethodsMajor hepatectomy was defined as resection of three or more liver segments. A literature search was performed using the Pubmed database. Articles containing more than five robotic MH were selected. In case of multiple publications from the same institution, only the most recent article was considered in order to avoid double counting of patients between series.ResultsFive articles were included in this review. A total of 68 robotic MH were analyzed, including 38 right hepatectomies and 30 left hepatectomies. There were no deaths. Two right hepatectomies (5.2%) and one left hepatectomy (3.3%) were converted to open surgery. Weighted average of operative time and intraoperative blood loss were 418.6 min and 411.4 ml, respectively. Four patients received blood transfusions (6.3%) and 17 developed postoperative complications (26.9%). Information on tumor type were available for 57 patients of whom 42 were diagnosed with malignant tumors (73.6%) and 15 with benign diseases (26.3%). No port site metastasis, peritoneal carcinomastosis, or intrahepatic recurrence were reported. Three patients had microscopic margin positivity.ConclusionsMajor hepatectomy can be performed under robotic assistance. Further experience is needed before final conclusions can be drawn.
The patient care circle: A descriptive framework for understanding care transitions
Authors: Lee Jennifer I. , Cutugno Christine , Pickering Sean P. , Press Matthew J. , Richardson Joshua E. , Unterbrink Michelle , Kelser Mary Elizabeth , Evans Arthur T. 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUNDReducing hospital readmissions depends on ensuring safe care transitions, which requires a better understanding of the challenges experienced by key stakeholders.OBJECTIVEDevelop a descriptive framework illustrating the interconnected roles of patients, providers, and caregivers in relation to readmissions.DESIGNMultimethod qualitative study with 4 focus groups and 43 semistructured interviews. Multiple perspectives were included to increase the trustworthiness (internal validity) and transferability (external validity) of the results. Data were analyzed using grounded theory to generate themes associated with readmission.SETTING/PATIENTSGeneral medicine patients with same‐site 30‐day readmissions, their family members, and multiple care providers at a large urban academic medical center.RESULTSA keynote generated from the multiperspective responses was that care transitions were optimized by a well‐coordinated multidiscipline support system, described as the Patient Care Circle. In addition, issues pertaining to readmissions were identified and classified into 5 main themes emphasizing the necessity of a coordinated support network: (1) teamwork, (2) health systems navigation and management, (3) illness severity and health needs, (4) psychosocial stability, and (5) medications.CONCLUSIONA well‐coordinated collaborative Patient Care Circle is fundamental to ensuring safe care transitions. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013;8:619–626. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
Pediatric to adult‐care transitions in childhood‐onset chronic disease: Hospitalist perspectives
Authors: Hunt Susan , Sharma Niraj 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVESurvey of adult‐centered hospitalist perspectives on caring for adults with chronic diseases of childhood onset (CDoCO) to investigate comfort level and identify targets of future educational and policy intervention.METHODSWe developed an on‐line survey for adult‐centered hospitalists based on a prior outpatient survey and introduced it to the Society of Hospital Medicine membership via e‐mail. Consent was implied by completing the survey.RESULTSOf all respondents, 60% saw 5 or more adults with CDoCO over a 6‐month period. Among internal medicine respondents, 40% did not feel comfortable caring for this population, with lack of familiarity with the literature, lack of training in CDoCO, coordinating with multiple specialists, and lack of training in adolescent development and behavior ranked as the most significant barriers to care.CONCLUSIONThe steadily growing population of adults with CDoCO and their high inpatient utilization have lead to increased care by adult‐centered hospitalists, many of whom do not feel comfortable caring for them. Educational initiatives aimed at increasing medical knowledge base for common issues, training in adolescent development, increased care coordination, and access to address psychosocial issues would improve hospitalist comfort and patient care for this vulnerable population. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013;8:627–630. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
AUDIO RECORDING OF HOUSEHOLD INTERVIEWS TO ENSURE DATA QUALITY
Authors: Berazneva Julia 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe use of audio recording technology in the collection of quantitative household survey data in developing countries offers many benefits at a low cost. The benefits include ensuring that interviews take place, training and supervision of enumerators, assuring data quality, secure data storage, and easy data sharing, among others. This paper describes the use of audio recording by a research project that collected household level data in rural western Kenya in 2011–2012. I discuss the benefits of audio recording, both anticipated and encountered, as well as the costs and the applicability of this method in other research settings. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Police Overestimation of Criminal Career Homogeneity
Authors: Roach Jason , Pease Ken 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPolice presumptions about criminal career trajectories have been little studied. The exploratory study reported here involved 42 police staff of varying rank and experience. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire that asked them to predict the type of offence that an individual with a specified prior record would most probably commit next. Participating police personnel substantially overstated the homogeneity of criminal careers, that is, the nature of prior offences determined their prediction of their next offence more than available official data would deem reasonable. An incidental finding was that officers who rated the probability of further offending highest were also those who thought criminal careers most specialised. The implications for operational police decision‐making were discussed and held to be profound. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative 23Na MRI of human knee cartilage using dual‐tuned 1H/23Na transceiver array radiofrequency coil at 7 tesla
Authors: Moon Chan Hong , Kim Jung‐Hwan , Zhao Tiejun , Bae Kyongtae Ty 
Published: October 2013

PurposeTo develop quantitative dual‐tuned (DT) 1H/23Na MRI of human knee cartilage in vivo at 7 Tesla (T).Materials and MethodsA sensitive 23Na transceiver array RF coil was developed at 7T. B1 fields generated by the transceiver array coil were characterized and corrected in the 23Na images. Point spread function (PSF) of the 23Na images was measured, and the signal decrease due to partial‐volume‐effect was compensated in [23Na] quantification of knee cartilage. SNR and [23Na] in anterior femoral cartilage were measured from seven healthy subjects.ResultsSNR of 23Na image with the transceiver array coil was higher than that of birdcage coil. SNR in the cartilage at 2‐mm isotropic resolution was 26.80 ± 3.69 (n = 7). B1 transmission and reception fields produced by the DT coil at 7T were similar to each other. Effective full‐width‐half‐maximum of 23Na image was ∼5 mm at 2‐mm resolution. Mean [23Na] was 288.13 ± 29.50 mM (n = 7) in the anterior femoral cartilage of normal subjects.ConclusionWe developed a new high‐sensitivity 23Na RF coil for knee MRI at 7T. Our 1H/23Na MRI allowed quantitative measurement of [23Na] in knee cartilage by measuring PSF and cartilage thickness from 23Na and 1H image, respectively. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1063–1072. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MRI in differentiating ovarian borderline from benign mucinous cystadenoma: Pathological correlation
Authors: Zhao Shu Hui , Qiang Jin Wei , Zhang Guo Fu , Wang Shi Jia , Qiu Hai Ying , Wang Li 
Published: October 2013

PurposeTo investigate MRI in differentiating borderline mucinous cystadenoma (MC) from benign MC of the ovary.Materials and MethodsWe studied MR images of 26 benign MCs and 24 borderline MCs of the ovary. The following MRI features of tumors were evaluated and compared between two groups: laterality, shape, size, loculation, signal intensity of the fluid, thickness of the septation and the wall, and vegetations. The results of the MRI were then compared with the pathological findings.ResultsHoneycomb loculi, high signal intensity on T1WI, and low signal intensity on T2WI of the intracystic content, thickened septation or wall (≥5 mm), and vegetations (≥5 mm) were significantly more common in borderline MC than in benign MC with the sensitivity and specificity of identifying borderline MC of 50.0% and 80.8%, 41.7% and 96.2%, 45.8% and 96.2%, and 62.5% and 96.2%, respectively. The presence of any one of the following features—honeycomb loculi with a low signal intensity on T2WI, thickened septation or wall (≥5 mm), and vegetations (≥5 mm)—yielded the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of identifying borderline MC of 91.7%, 92.3%, and 92.0%, respectively.ConclusionMRI has the ability to accurately demonstrate the morphological characteristics of ovarian MC and reliably differentiate borderline MC from benign MC. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:162–166. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Revisiting the central gland anatomy via MRI: Does the central gland extend below the level of verumontanum?
Authors: Hansford Barry Glenn , Peng Yahui , Jiang Yulei , Al‐Ahmadie Hikmat , Eggener Scott , Yousuf Ambereen , Oto Aytekin 
Published: October 2013

PurposeTo determine whether the central gland of the prostate, composed of both central and transition zones, extends below the verumontanum in patients over age 43 based on prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and MethodsIn all, 82 patients who underwent preoperative, multiparametric endorectal MRI (1.5T and 3T) at our institution were included. The central gland was defined as a combination of the central zone and transition zone. Two radiologists measured central gland extension below verumontanum using axial, coronal, and sagittal T2‐weighted images and coregistration picture archiving and communication system software.ResultsThe final cohort consisted of 63 patients with a mean age of 60.2 years (standard deviation: 7.1, range: 43–76). The central gland extended below the verumontanum in 60/63 (95%) patients. Mean central gland extension below the verumontanum was 6.5 mm (standard deviation = 3.7, range: 0, 18). Weak (r = 0.35), but significant (P = 0.005) positive correlation was found between age and the amount of central gland extension below the verumontanum.ConclusionContrary to McNeal's classical prostatic anatomy teaching, the central gland extends below the verumontanum in 95% of men over 43, likely due to deformation of the gland by benign prostatic hyperplasia. It is important for pathologists to be aware of this observation for accurate characterization of the zonal origin of prostate cancer below the level of the verumontanum. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:167–171. © 2013 Wiley Periodiacls, Inc.
Dose response of the intravascular contrast agent gadofosveset trisodium in MR perfusion imaging of the myocardium using semiquantitative evaluation
Authors: Niedermayer Sebastian , Prompona Maria , Cyran Clemens C. , Reiser Maximilian , Huber Armin 
Published: October 2013

PurposeTo evaluate appropriate injection protocols for gadofosveset at 1.5 and 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for semiquantitative myocardial perfusion analysis.Materials and MethodsEighteen young healthy volunteers were subjected to first‐pass perfusion cardiac scans at 1.5 and 3 T MRI using three different injection protocols for gadofosveset (0.00375, 0.0075, and 0.0150 mmol/kg bodyweight) and two perfusions. At both field strengths a T1‐weighted saturation recovery turboFLASH sequence with parallel imaging was employed. Peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), maximum contrast enhancement ratio (CER), peak‐baseline difference, and upslope values were assessed. Moreover, sectors with dark banding artifacts were evaluated.ResultsSignificant differences of the upslope values for first compared to second perfusion could be observed for the medium‐ and high‐dose groups at 1.5 T (P < 0.01), but not at 3 T. Sectors with dark banding artifacts during first perfusion occurred significantly more often at the highest dose of gadofosveset compared to the lowest dose at 1.5 T (P = 0.04) and 3 T (P < 0.01).ConclusionThe best injection protocol for semiquantitative perfusion analysis at 1.5 T is 0.00375 mmol/kg, as higher doses lead to lower upslope values during the second perfusion. At 3 T 0.0075 mmol/kg should be used to avoid dark banding artifacts. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:203–210. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.