bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity, composition and potential roles of sedimentary microbial communities in different coastal substrates around subtropical Okinawa Island, Japan
Authors: Hamamoto Kohei , Mizuyama Masaru , Nishijima Miyuki , Maeda Ayumi , Gibu Kodai , Poliseno Angelo , Iguchi Akira , Reimer James Davis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Marine benthic prokaryotic communities play crucial roles in material recycling within coastal environments, including coral reefs. Coastal sedimentary microbiomes are particularly important as potential reservoirs of symbiotic, beneficial, and pathogenic bacteria in coral reef environments, and therefore presumably play a core role in local ecosystem functioning. However, there is a lack of studies comparing different environments with multiple sites on the island scale, particularly studies focusing on prokaryotic communities, as previous investigations have focused mainly on a single site or on specific environmental conditions. In our study, we collected coastal sediments from seven sites around Okinawa Island, Japan, including three different benthic types; sandy bottoms, seagrass meadows, and hard substratum with living scleractinian corals. We then used metabarcoding to identify prokaryotic compositions and estimate enzymes encoded by genes to infer their functions.

Results
The results showed that the three substrata had significantly different prokaryotic compositions. Seagrass meadow sites exhibited significantly higher prokaryotic alpha-diversity compared to sandy bottom sites. ANCOM analysis revealed that multiple bacterial orders were differentially abundant within each substratum. At coral reef sites, putative disease- and thermal stress-related opportunistic bacteria such as Rhodobacterales, Verrucomicrobiales, and Cytophagales were comparatively abundant, while seagrass meadow sites abundantly harbored Desulfobacterales, Steroidobacterales and Chromatiales, which are common bacterial orders in seagrass meadows. According to our gene-coded enzyme analyses the numbers of differentially abundant enzymes were highest in coral reef sites. Notably, superoxide dismutase, an important enzyme for anti-oxidative stress in coral tissue, was abundant at coral sites. Our results provide a list of prokaryotes to look into in each substrate, and further emphasize the importance of considering the microbiome, especially when focusing on environmental conservation.

Conclusion
Our findings prove that prokaryotic metabarcoding is capable of capturing compositional differences and the diversity of microbial communities in three different environments. Furthermore, several taxa were suggested to be differentially more abundant in specific environments, and gene-coded enzymic compositions also showed possible differences in ecological functions. Further study, in combination with field observations and temporal sampling, is key to achieving a better understanding of the interactions between the local microbiome and the surrounding benthic community.
Novel Antennapedia and Ultrabithorax trimeric complexes with TBP and Exd regulate transcription
Authors: Villarreal-Puente Alely , Altamirano-Torres Claudia , Jiménez-Mejía Gustavo , Hernández-Bautista Carolina , Montalvo-Méndez Rubén , Vázquez Martha , Zurita Mario , Reséndez-Pérez Diana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Hox proteins interact with DNA and many other proteins, co-factors, transcriptional factors, chromatin remodeling components, non-coding RNAs and even the extracellular matrix that assembles the Hox complexes. The number of interacting partners continues to grow with diverse components and more transcriptional factors than initially thought. Hox complexes present many activities, but their molecular mechanisms to modulate their target genes remain unsolved.

Results
In this paper we showed the protein-protein interaction of Antp with Ubx through the homeodomain using BiFC in Drosophila. Analysis of Antp-deletional mutants showed that AntpHD helixes 1 and 2 are required for the interaction with Ubx. Also, we found a novel interaction of Ubx with TBP, in which the PolyQ domain of TBP is required for the interaction. Moreover, we also detected the formation of two new trimeric complexes of Antp with Ubx, TBP and Exd using BiFC-FRET; these proteins, however, do not form a trimeric interaction with BIP2 or TFIIEβ. The novel trimeric complexes reduced Antp transcriptional activity, indicating that they could confer specificity for repression.

Conclusions
Our results increase the number of transcriptional factors in the Antp and Ubx interactomes that form two novel trimeric complexes with TBP and Exd. We also report a new Ubx interaction with TBP. These novel interactions provide important clues of the dynamics of Hox-interacting complexes involved in transcriptional regulation, contributing to better understand Hox function.
Dynamic Silos: Increased Modularity and Decreased Stability in Intraorganizational Communication Networks During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zuzul Tiona , Cox Pahnke Emily , Larson Jonathan , Bourke Patrick , Caurvina Nicholas , Parikh Shah Neha , Amini Fereshteh , Weston Jeffrey , Park Youngser , Vogelstein Joshua , White Christopher , Priebe Carey E. 
Published: July 2024

Workplace communications around the world were drastically altered by the COVID-19 pandemic, related work-from-home orders, and the rise of remote work. To understand these shifts, we analyzed aggregated, anonymized metadata from over 360 billion emails within 4,361 organizations worldwide. By comparing month-to-month and year-over-year metrics, we examined changes in network community structures over the 24 months before and after COVID-19. We also examined shifts across multiple communication media (email, instant message, video call, and calendaring software) within a single global organization and compared them with communications shifts that were driven by changes in formal organizational structure. We found that in 2020, organizations around the world became more siloed than in 2019, evidenced by increased modularity. This shift was concurrent with decreased stability within silos. Collectively, our analyses indicate that following the onset of COVID-19, employees’ communications began to shift more dynamically between subcommunities (teams, workgroups, or functional areas). At the same time, once in a subcommunity, they limited their communication to other members of that community. We term these network changes dynamic silos. We provide initial insights into the meaning and implications of dynamic silos for the future of work. This paper was accepted by Lamar Pierce, organizations. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02797 .
Typical pneumonia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in public hospitals in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Ayele , Woldemariam Melat , Aklilu Addis , Alelign Dagninet , Zakir Abdurezak , Manilal Aseer , Mohammed Temesgen , M. Alahmadi Reham , Raman Gurusamy , Idhayadhulla Akbar 
Published: July 2024

Background
Typical pneumonia is a pressing issue in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, where it remains a significant menace. Addressing this problem is crucial in improving health outcomes and the reduction of the burden of diseases in this vulnerable category of patients.

Objective
To determine the prevalence of community-acquired typical pneumonia among HIV patients in Public Hospitals in southern Ethiopia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was done among 386 HIV patients clinically suspected of typical pneumonia attending the anti-retroviral therapy (ART) clinics of two hospitals from March to September 2022. A pretested structured questionnaire was employed to collect the demographic, clinical, and behavioral data. Sputum samples were collected and inspected for bacteria following standard procedures, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed employing the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Besides, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESβL) and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria were inspected by the double disk synergy test and modified carbapenem inactivation method. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were also done.

Results
Overall, 39.1% (151/386) of sputum cultures (95% Confidence Interval: 32.4–44) were bacteriologically positive. A total of 151 bacteria were identified, comprising 72.8% (n = 110) of Gram-negative bacteria. The predominant isolate was Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.8%, n = 39), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (17.9%, n = 27); 59.6% (n = 90) of the entire isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Forty percent (11/27) of S. aureus were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and 28.1% (n = 31) and 20.9% (n = 23) of Gram-negative bacteria were extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemase producers, respectively. Occupational status, alcohol consumption, cluster of differentiation4 (CD4) Thymocyte cell count < 350, interruption of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis and antiretroviral treatment, and recent viral load ≥ 150 were found statistically significant.

Conclusion
The higher rates of MDR, MRSA, ESBL, and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) indicate that bacterial pneumonia is a vexing problem among HIV patients and therefore it is advisable to implement an antimicrobial stewardship program in the study area.
Forced Marriage in Cultural Practices and Sexual Violence Law
Authors: Saputra Sarping , Putri Ririn Maulina , Fahmia Syihab Syifa Maulida 
Published: July 2024

This study analyzes criminal law policy regarding forced Marriage disguised as a cultural practice, taking into account current conditions and the legal protection provided by Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Criminal Law of Sexual Violence (TPKS). This is a problem in itself, considering that several regions in Indonesia still embrace the culture of forced Marriage. At the same time, on the other hand, many parties say that it violates human rights, while many cultural practices then derogate many human rights. Then how does the TPKS Law see forced Marriage, which in some regions is legalized by customary laws? To answer this, this study uses a normative legal research methodology through a statutory approach. The collection of legal materials will involve an examination of relevant regulations, which will then be analyzed comprehensively to arrive at conclusions that answer the research questions. This study find that (1) policies regarding forced marriages conducted under the guise of culture have been regulated in the TPKS, thus changing actions that were previously not considered criminal offenses into criminal offenses that can be subject to legal sanctions. (2) Legal protection against forced Marriage under the guise of culture is divided into two forms of protection, namely preventive protection carried out by the central and regional governments and repressive protection in the form of imposing sanctions on perpetrators, accompanied by various additional sanctions and providing rights for victims during the judicial process and afterward.
Mechanism Analysis and Response of Digital Financial Inclusion to Labor Economy based on ANN and Contribution Analysis
Authors: Xiao Guanjun , Chen Zhenming , Huang Liqing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Given the inclusiveness of digital inclusive finance (DFI) and its complex impact mechanism on the labor economy, this study uses the characteristics of adaptive and self-learning ability of artificial neural network (ANN) to simulate the process of delivering stimuli to nerve cells in the human brain through linear weighted summarization and functional mapping, and implement the optimization learning algorithm to adjust the weights in the network structure, thus completing the hierarchical analysis of index weight. At the same time, the neural network structure is used to approach the greatest extent and Garson algorithm is used for sensitivity analysis. We use data on the labor economy and digital financial inclusion in Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces in China from 2011 to 2021 as a training dataset. The study found that (1) the indexes of DFI have different importance to the indexes of labor economy, among which the most important are the number and amount of insurance per capita and the proportion of the number and amount paid by digital technology, which have a normalized importance of 100 and 99.3%, further, R-square coverage is above 0.95, respectively, for labor economy indicators; (2) For different subdivided indicators, the indexes of DFI determine different significance. This study employs tools and policies related to DFI to address labor economy challenges, so as to promote the overall economic construction. This study studies the response and transmission mechanism of the concept of DFI to the labor economy, and explores the labor economy problems such as improving labor productivity and labor mismatch in the economy under its “inclusive” principle. Compared with the traditional weight analysis, it is closer to the real situation and has a stronger ability to fit the reality. In the future, the model could be rebased and measured against absolute indicators and a wider dataset could be adopted for extension to more areas.
Serum SIRT3 levels in epilepsy patients and its association with clinical outcomes and severity: A prospective observational study
Authors: Hu Yun , Zhou Ting , Li Qingye 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
In this prospective observational study, we aimed to investigate the serum levels of sirtuin (SIRT)3 in epilepsy patients and its association with the severity of the disease.

Methods
This prospective observational study included 203 patients with symptomatic epilepsy and 100 healthy controls who visited our hospital from November 2019 to November 2022. The severity of the disease in epilepsy patients was assessed using the National Hospital Seizure Severity Scale (NHS3). We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure the serum levels of SIRT3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and C-reactive protein in all patients. In addition, the cognitive function of all study participants was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA). All data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software.

Results
The MOCA scores of the epilepsy patients were significantly lower compared to the healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). The serum SIRT3 levels were decreased significantly in patients with refractory epilepsy (183.16 ± 17.22 pg/mL) compared to non-refractory epilepsy patients (199.00 ± 18.68 pg/mL). In addition, serum SIRT3 levels were negatively correlated with the inflammatory factors IL-6 (Pearson’s correlation −0.221, P = 0.002) and NHS score (Pearson’s correlation −0.272, P < 0.001) of epilepsy patients, while positively correlated with MOCA scores (Pearson’s correlation 0.166, P = 0.018). Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that serum SIRT3 could be used to diagnose epilepsy, as well as refractory epilepsy. Finally, logistic regression analysis showed that SIRT3 (OR = 1.028, 95%CI: 1.003–1.054, P = 0.028), IL-6 (OR = 0.666, 95%CI: 0.554–0.800, P < 0.001), IL-1β (OR = 0.750, 95%CI: 0.630–0.894, P = 0.001), and NHS3 (OR = 0.555, 95%CI: 0.435–0.706, P < 0.001) were risk factors for refractory epilepsy.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that serum SIRT3 levels were significantly decreased in epilepsy patients and further decreased in patients with refractory epilepsy. This study might provide new therapeutic targets and comprehensive treatment strategies for epilepsy patients.
On the Spread of Christianity in the Fayum Oasis
Authors: Belova Galina A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
One of the most intriguing periods of Egyptian history, associated with the spread of Christianity, is still poorly understood. Recent excavations shed more light on this process. During excavations conducted by the Centre of Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Deir el-Banat necropolis in the Fayum an unusual burial was discovered. It contained the remains of a young man who had been subjected to a cruel punishment: an arrow had been shot into his body and he was hanged by the neck. According to the tomb’s inventory and the shrouds found in the grave, the man lived in the fourth century AD, when the persecution of Christians by Roman authorities was particularly virulent. Although it is currently impossible to clearly determine the cause of such a severe violent death, some findings suggest that the execution was caused by religious conflicts. If so, this case is a rare illustration of the death penalty on religious grounds imposed on the ordinary inhabitants of the oasis during Roman rule.
РОЗРОБКА КЛАСИФІКАТОРУ СИСТЕМ ВІДВЕДЕННЯ КОСМІЧНИХ ОБ’ЄКТІВ З НАВКОЛОЗЕМНИХ ОРБІТ
Authors: Abaturov A. 
Published: July 2024

В цій роботі наведено результати створення фасетної системи класифікації та розробки класифікатора для систем відведення космічних об'єктів з навколоземних орбіт. Основним завданнямроботибула розробка систематизованої та стандартизованої системи класифікації для систем відведення космічних об’єктів. В ході роботи були визначені основні класифікаційні ознаки систем відведення. Встановлено, що різні системи можуть мати однакові класифікаційні ознаки, що значно ускладнює визначення ієрархічного зв’язку. Внаслідок цього було обрано фасетний метод класифікації. Класифікаційні ознаки були розділені на дві групи: загальна група охоплює основні властивості системи відведення без вказівки на конкретні варіанти технічної реалізації, тоді як функціональна група включає технічні деталі реалізації системи. Для кожної класифікаційної ознаки були визначені фасети. На основі фасетної системи класифікації було розроблено класифікатор, що використовує паралельну систему кодування, де кожен фасет кодується окремо від інших. Для кодування ознак була обранадесяткова система. Структура кодування, зокрема, має формат "XXXXX-XXXX", де перші п’ять символів відповідають загальній групі, а наступні чотири символи- функціональній. За результатами роботи було розроблено систему класифікації та класифікатор систем відведення космічних об’єктів. Перевагою розробленої системи класифікації є її гнучкість та легкість у використанні. Завдяки використанню фасетного методу система може бути легко доповнена необхідними фасетами та розширена. Ця фасетна класифікаційна система надає можливість стандартизувати процеси розробки та моделювання систем відведення космічних об'єктів.
Instrumen Penelitian Tindakan Kelas untuk Peningkatan Motorik Halus Anak
Authors: Muslihin Heri Yusuf , Loita Aini , Nurjanah Dea Siti 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to describe the design of research instruments in Classroom Action Research (CAR). The research method used is a qualitative method with data collection techniques using group discussions or Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results of this study were conducted to determine whether the research instrument for improving children's fine motor skills with some improvements that have been made by researchers is in accordance with the direction of validators who are experts in the field of material to determine whether they are suitable for use by students or not.So with the improvements to the product design made, research instruments for improving children's fine motor skills were obtained which were declared valid by experts and deserved to be tested on children.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan rancangan instrumen penelitian pada Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan diskusi kelompok atau Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Hasil penelitian ini dilakukan agar mengetahui apakah instrumen penelitian untuk peningkatan motoric halus anak dengan beberapa perbaikan yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti sesuai dengan arahan validator yang ahli di bidang materi menentukan layak digunakan untuk siswa atau tidak. Maka dengan adanya perbaikan terhadap rancangan produk yang dilakukan dihasilkanlah instrumen penelitian peningkatan motorik halus anak yang dinyatakan valid oleh para ahli dan layak di uji coba kepada anak. The purpose of this study is to describe the design of research instruments in Classroom Action Research (CAR). The research method used is a qualitative method with data collection techniques using group discussions or Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results of this study were conducted to determine whether the research instrument for improving children's fine motor skills with some improvements that have been made by researchers is in accordance with the direction of validators who are experts in the field of material to determine whether they are suitable for use by students or not.So with the improvements to the product design made, research instruments for improving children's fine motor skills were obtained which were declared valid by experts and deserved to be tested on children.
Kemampuan Komunikasi pada Anak dengan Indikasi Keterlambatan Perkembangan Kognitif Usia 5-6 Tahun di RA Az-Zahra
Authors: Nurazizah Nurazizah , Mulyadi Sima , Sianturi Risbon 
Published: July 2024

Communication skills are important to have from an early age because with communication each individual is able to build social interactions to maintain life. According to the theory of cognitivism, it states that there is a relationship between an individual’s cognitive abilities and language development, one of which is communication skills. Therefore, this study aims to determine the communication skills of children who are indicated to have delayed cognitive development aged 5-6 years in RA Az-Zahra, Sukarame Village, Sukarame District, Tasikmalaya Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with case study research methods. The results of this study indicate that the communication skills of children who are indicated to have delayed cognitive development aged 5-6 years have not been able to achieve communication skills based on the characteristics of communication skills that children aged 5-6 years should have. In conclusion, the data obtained include credible data because between the cognitivism theory that is the reference and the research data there are similarities that an individual’s cognitive development affects language development, especially an individual’s communication skills. Kemampuan komunikasi merupakan hal yang penting dimiliki sejak usia dini karena dengan komunikasi setiap individu mampu membangun interaksi sosial untuk mempertahankan kehidupan. Menurut teori kognitivisme menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kemampuan kognitif seorang idnividu dengan perkembangan bahasanya, salah satunya kemampuan komunikasi. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan komunikasi pada anak yang terindikasi mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan kognitif usia 5-6 tahun di RA Az-Zahra Desa Sukarame Kecamatan Sukarame Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi pada anak yang terindikasi mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan kognitif usia 5-6 tahun belum mampu mencapai kemampuan komunikasi berdasarkan karakteristik kemampuan komunikasi yang seharusnya dimiliki anak usia 5-6 tahun. Kesimpulannya data yang didapatkan termasuk data kredibel karena antara teori kognitivisme yang menjadi rujukan dan data hasil penelitian terdapat kesamaan bahwa pekembangan kognitif seorang individu mampengaruhi terhadap perkembangan bahasa khsusunya kemampuan komunikasi seorang individu.