bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community structure of psammon ciliates in sandy beaches of lakes
Authors: Kalinowska Krystyna 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Ciliate abundance and species composition were studied in the sandy beaches of six lakes of different trophic status (Poland). Samples of wet sand were taken in June 2007 from the euarenal (emergent sand), hygroarenal (sand wetted by lake waves) and hydroarenal (submerged sand) zones. The numbers of ciliates ranged from 105 to 2933 ind. cm−3 of sand and did not show any visible trend with lake productivity. In all the studied lakes, ciliates were much more numerous in the euarenal than in the hydroarenal. Small bacterivorous scuticociliates dominated in the euarenal, while Hymenostomatida, Cyrtophorida, Hypotrichida as well as Scuticociliatida comprised a significant part of the ciliate community in the hygro- and hydroarenal zones. There were positive correlations between ciliates and the concentrations of chlorophyll a and total nitrogen.
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the marine food web: herrings from the southern Baltic Sea (Clupea harengus) — penguins from the zoo (Spheniscus demersus)
Authors: Reindl Andrzej , Bolałek Jerzy , Falkowska Lucyna 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The aim of this project was to study the fate of chemically persistent organochlorine xenobiotics in the marine link of the food web, between penguins and herrings (Clupea harengus), which are the only food for Spheniscus demersus from the Gdańsk Zoo. Concentrations of hexachlorobenzene (HCBz), pentachlorobenzene (PCBz), trichlorobenzene (TCBz) and the γ-HCH isomer were determined in Baltic herrings, in muscles, fat and liver of penguins, unhatched eggs, contour feathers and guano. The highest concentrations of fungicides were observed for HCBz. Fungicides were not detected in the liver of penguins and herrings. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for fungicides reached the highest values in the penguin brain. The highest biomagnification factor (BMF) for PCBz was determined in the muscle tissue and for lindane — in liver. It was confirmed that detoxification of penguins occurred through deposition of fungicides and lindane in guano and through epithelial tissue and eggs.
Occurrence of a multi-species diatom bloom dominated by Proboscia alata (Brightwell) Sandstorm along the southwest coast of India
Authors: Cicily Lathika , Padmakumar K. , Asha Devi C. , Sanjeevan V. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The present communication reports on the occurrence of a multi-species diatom bloom in the upwelled waters along the southwest coast of India. During the late summer monsoon season (September 2009) a multi-species diatom bloom with a pale green discoloration of the sea surface was observed in the coastal waters of southwest coast of India. The bloom spread over an area of approximately 15 km2 along the coastal waters off Kannur (Lat. 11°59.471 N, Long. 75°03.446 E). Total diatom cell density of the bloom area was 16 × 104 cells l−1. Proboscia (=Rhizosolenia) alata (Brightwell) Sandstrom constituted 90% of the total phytoplankton population. Other phytoplankton groups that contributed to the bloom population included Chaetoceros spp., Pseudo-nitzschia spp., Rhizosolenia spp., Coscinodiscus sp., Leptocylindrus danicus, Thalassiosira sp., and Bacteriosira sp. Among these Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries, a toxic species with the ability to produce potent neurotoxin domoic acid, was observed with a cell density of 4 × 103 cells l−1. Surface chlorophyll a concentration of the bloom region was 14.1 μg l−1. Nutrient concentrations of the bloom area were 0.01 μmol l−1 for NO2-N, 0.1 μmol l−1 for NO3-N, 0.83 μmol l−1 for PO4-P and 11.44 μmol l−1 for SiO4.
An improved method for efficient isolation and purification of genomic DNA from filamentous cyanobacteria belonging to genera Anabaena, Nodularia and Nostoc
Authors: Kaczyńska Angelika , Łoś Marcin , Węgrzyn Grzegorz 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop an improved method for isolation and purification of genomic DNA from filamentous cyanobacteria. The method described here employs a modified phenol extraction-based procedure. It allowed us to obtain a high yield (60–620 μg/g wet weight, depending on the cyanobacterial strain) of pure and undegraded genomic DNA (A260/A280 ratio of about 1.8 and A260/A230 ratio of about 2.0). Genomic DNA, isolated from cyanobacteria belonging to the genera Anabaena, Nodularia and Nostoc has been successfully used for construction of gene libraries. Thus, this method can be used in procedures requiring highly purified cyanobacterial DNA.
Annual variability of ichthyoplankton in the Yangtze River estuary of China from August 2002 to 2009
Authors: Jiang Mei , Shen Xin-Qiang , Li Lei , Quan Wei-Min 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The annual variability of ichthyoplankton in the Yangtze River estuary, located at the junction of the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, on the continental shelf at the western rim of the Pacific Ocean, was studied using vertical tows at twenty stations from August 2002 to August 2009. Basic oceanographic parameters such as temperature and salinity were also measured to evaluate their relationship to the abundance of ichthyoplankton. The eggs or larvae of a total of 34 fish species were present in the samples. Only 8 species were found to occur during every year. Engraulis japonicus and Stolephorus commersonii eggs, as well as Coilia mystus and Stolephorus commersonii larvae, were highly abundant during this period. Additionally, water storage in the Three Gorges Reservoir, which began in June 2003, had significant effects on the abundance of estuarine species, as well as on the composition and diversity of ichthyoplankton; this became evident when these values were compared to the findings from 2002. The number of species (species richness) and abundance of each species varied among the stations relative to the salinity in the estuary during the study period.
Sedation with Combination of Midazolam, Pentazocine and Propofol for Colonoscopy in Outdoor Patients
Authors: KC Nagendra Bahadur , Pokhrel Dinesh 
Published: April 2013

Introduction: Diagnostic colonoscopies are generally done in OPD basis and requires sedation and analgesia to relieve both anxiety and pain. Propofol and midazolam combination is used worldwide and allows rapid and profound sedation with quick recovery. But data on combined sedation with midazolam, pentazocine and propofol are not found. So this study was conducted to test this combination for day care surgery. Methods: Prospectively, 242 colonoscopy procedures who had received combined sedation with midazolam, pentazocine and propofol were analysed. Midazolam and Pentazocine were given intravenously as a single dose of 2 mg and 15 mg respectively. 20 mg of Propofol was given bolus, than 10 mg top up titrating sedation till procedure is finished. Pulse, Non Invasive Blood pressure and oxygen saturation were recorded. Patients' genders, ages, weight, length of procedure and the need of total received Propofol for complete sedation in mg were recorded. Movement during procedure, the time of recovery and any complications were also recorded. Patients were also asked whether they had any memories of procedure. Results: Lower dose of propofol is required to produce adequate aesthesia. There are no complication and vitals were stable including oxygen Saturation. There was quicker recovery as all patients responds on verbal command just after the procedure and no patient had memories of the procedure. All patients safely discharged within one hour. Conclusions: The combination is safe and comfortable for patients undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy to produce adequate anaesthesia without any significant complications.Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; July-December 2012/vol.11/Issue2/7-9 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7900
Dengue Virus Detection by Serological and Molecular Method in Different Hospitals of Nepal
Authors: Shah Yogendra , Gupta Govind Prasad , Pandey Kishor , Pun Sher Bahadur , Pant Krishna Prasad , Dhakal Santosh , Pandey Basu Dev 
Published: April 2013

Introduction: Dengue is an emerging mosquito-borne viral disease in the world and is the serious public health problem of Nepal. Methods: This study was designed to determine sero-epidemiology of dengue virus infection during the period (June-Nov) of 2010 among suspected patients with fever visiting Koshi Zonal Hospital (KZH), Biratnagar, Narayani sub-regional Hospital (NSH), Birgunj, Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital (STIDH), Kathmandu and Dhading District Hospital (DDH), Dhadingbeshi. The sero-prevalence of anti-dengue IgM antibody was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Among 271 serum samples tested, the anti-dengue IgM positivity was 14.4%. Sero-positivity in male was 10.7% of total and that in female was 3.7%. Among different age groups, the highest positive cases 11.8% were from age group 15-50 years and found least among the age group above 50 years 0.4%. Out of 4 different hospitals, the highest positive positive cases from STIDH with 9.2% and the least positive cases were from DDH (0.4%). RT-PCR showed 4.7% positivity of 21 samples tested. Conclusions: Enzyme immunoassay and RT-PCR serological marker can be used to diagnose the acute patients of dengue during outbreaks.Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; July-December 2012/vol.11/Issue2/24-27 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7905
Visual Outcome in Open Globe Injury
Authors: Rajkarnikar Sagar , Bist Ramesh Raj , Gurung Anu , Shrestha Ram 
Published: April 2013

Introduction: Ocular trauma is a major cause of monocular blindness and visual impairment throughout the world. It is estimated that more than 2 million people suffer from ocular trauma annually and 40,000 become visually handicapped permanently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual outcome in open globe injury patients. Methods: This study was conducted in Nepal Eye Hospital. All the cases of admitted open globe injuries were examined and managed in the hospital were included in this study. The detail history of trauma and visual acuity was recorded. Clinical diagnosis was made after detail examination of anterior and posterior segment. Patient was treated according to the type of injury. Visual recovery and the cause of poor vision at the time of discharge was also noted. Data was analyzed using the SPSS 11 program. Results: Out of the 100 cases enrolled in the study work related injury was the most frequent injury, metal was the most common causative agent. Males of 20-50 years of age are more vulnerable to open globe injury. Vision improved in 48%, same vision in 39% and deteriorated vision in 13% cases was recorded. Conclusions: Present study reveals that open globe injury can present in varying severity and though the overall prognosis is grave, prompt surgical intervention can result in better visual outcome. The visual outcome in mild to moderate ocular injury was satisfactory but poor in severe injuries.Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; July-December 2012/vol.11/Issue2/40-43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7909
Acute intermittent porphyria presenting as recurrent limb weakness
Authors: Karki Binod , Pande Prakash Raj , Sharma Arun , Deo Rajeeb Kumar 
Published: April 2013

Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare autosomal dominant condition of porphyrin metabolism resulting from the half-normal Hydroxy methyl bilane synthase activity. The disorder can present with protean manifestation ranging from acute abdomen, psychosis to gross peripheral neuropathy thus making the diagnosis challenging and misled most of the times. A case of Acute intermittent porphyria with extreme neurological involvement in form of acute onset quadriparesis is presented in this paper.Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; July-December 2012/vol.11/Issue2/44-45 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7910
Defining Identities in Canada: Regional, Imperial, National
Authors: Buckner Phil 
Published: April 2013

Abstract: Growing up in Toronto, Phillip Buckner was a British-Canadian cultural hybrid but with a strong sense of Canadian nationalism that led to his interest in Canadian history. In high school and at the University of Toronto he absorbed a vision of Canadian history that was Ontario-centric and emphasized Canada's British roots but his experience as a graduate student in Britain and as a lecturer at the University of New Brunswick challenged his youthful assumptions. As the founding editor of Acadiensis he sought to promote a more inclusive vision of Canadian history and when he returned to the study of Canada's connection with the British Empire he sought to promote a more balanced understanding of Canada's place within a wider British World. What he did retain was the view that Canadian history matters.
Book Reviews
Authors: Macdonald Paul , Lynch Christopher , Baker Kelly J. , Spencer Caleb D. , Kozlovic Anton Karl 
Published: April 2013

Vanhoozer, Kevin J., Charles A. Anderson, and Michael J. Sleasman, eds. Everyday Theology: How to Read Cultural Texts and Interpret Trends, reviewed by Paul Macdonald Arroyo, Raymond. Mother Angelica: The Remarkable Story of a Nun, Her Nerve, and a Network of Miracles, reviewed by Christopher Lynch Beal, Timothy K. Roadside Religion: In Search of the Sacred, the Strange, and the Substance of Faith, reviewed by Kelly J. Baker Elkins, James. On the Strange Place of Religion in Contemporary Art, reviewed by Caleb D. Spencer Bertonneau, Thomas, and Kim Paffenroth. The Truth is Out There: Christian Faith and the Classics of TV Science Fiction, reviewed by Anton Karl Kozlovic
Book Reviews
Authors: Rycenga Jennifer , Gilmore Michael J. , Van Dyke Michael , Remillard Arthur J. , Chad Bonita 
Published: April 2013

Tara Magdalinski and Timothy J. L. Chandler, ed., With God on Their Side: Sport in the Service of Religion, reviewed by Jennifer Rycenga Darrell W. Cluck, Catherine S. George, and J. Clinton McCann, Jr., Facing the Music: Faith and Meaning in Popular Songs, reviewed by Michael J. Gilmour John Lardas, The Bop Apocalypse: The Religious Visions of Kerouac, Ginsberg, and Burroughs, reviewed by Michael Van Dyke Joseph L. Price, ed., From Season to Season: Sports as American Religion, reviewed by Arthur J. Remillard Bradley J. Birzer, J.R.R. Tolkien’s Sanctifying Myth: Understanding Middle-earth, reviewed by Bonita Chad
Arcade Fire’s Parodic Bible
Authors: Gilmour Michael J. 
Published: April 2013

Estimant insuffisante la distinction entre patrimoine matériel et immatériel, Olivier Bauer privilégie le concept de « matrimoine », une approche du patrimoine qui permet de valoriser le rôle des femmes, de reconnaître la valeur patrimoniale des biens indivis et de prendre en compte les mondes imaginaires qui leur sont associés. Jetant un regard neuf sur le Québec, il montre la place fondamentale que l’hostie y occupe, le mot fait partie du vocabulaire religieux, mais il est aussi le juron favori des Québécois ; la chose est consommée par les catholiques romains au moment de l’Eucharistie, mais elle est aussi vendue dans les magasins pour être grignotée comme goûter. Par conséquent, il propose d’inscrire l’hostie au matrimoine du Québec. Il énumère trois avantages qu’il y aurait à matrimonialiser l’hostie, reconnaître le rôle fondamental des femmes dans l’Eucharistie, refuser que l’Église catholique romaine s’attribue le monopole de l’hostie, prendre en compte le monde imaginaire du corps du Christ. Arcade Fire’s 2006 album Neon Bible is currently one of the darlings of the entertainment world (winning a Juno in 2008 in the category Alternative Album of the Year). The album includes a surprisingly harsh critique of contemporary North American church life, though this critique does not extend to Christianity itself. What is interesting about Arcade Fire’s approach to religious subject matter is the way they construct their commentary on church and society. Neon Bible is a clever parody of Christianity, one that recalls Mikhail Bakhtin’s descriptions of medieval carnivals (Rabelais and His World), in that carnivals introduce “a second world and a second life outside officialdom” (6). The band does this very thing, ridiculing the official ecclesial authority by usurping its rightful place, in effect, through an unofficial, popular culture medium. They not only recorded their album in the sacred space of a church (literally), they even call the finished product a “bible.” These comments on Arcade Fire’s use of parody in Neon Bible also draw on Linda Hutcheon’s definitions of the term.
Sponde et Homère. Une lecture érudite des poèmes homériques à la fin du XVIe siècle
Authors: Deloince-Louette Christiane 
Published: April 2013

Christiane Deloince-Louette (Grenoble)
Sponde et Homère : une lecture érudite des poèmes homériques à la
fin du XVIe siècle
L'édition commentée d'Homère par Jean de Sponde paraît à la fin du XVIe siècle, au moment où le genre du commentaire se fait plus didactique. À une époque où sont rares ceux qui maîtrisent la langue grecque. Sponde propose une édition de V Iliade et de l'Odyssée accompagnée de « commentaires perpétuels », succession de remarques qui suivent l'ordre du texte. Rassemblant une masse importante d'interprétations - son travial permet par exemple de faire mieux connaître les commentaires d'Eustathe -, le jeune érudit huguenot refuse la tradition allégorique de l'exégèse homérique et traque chez Homère les vestiges d'un art poétique perdu, donné par Dieu aux hommes pour qu'ils chantent ses louanges. Mais s'il cherche le Dieu des chrétiens chez Homère, le commentaire spondien l'y trouve rarement et développe alors, comme par compensation, un discours de la foi, théologie, catéchèse ou prière, profondément marqué par les dogmes calvinistes, qui annonce l'œuvre future du poète.
Da Fränkel a Kahane. Considerazioni sulla divisione in cola dell'esametro omerico
Authors: Martinelli Maria Chiara 
Published: April 2013

The article discusses Hermann Frânkel's theory on the internal structure of the hexameter. Special attention is given to the Homeric hexameter and the number of cola into which it was divided. In the first version of his study (1926), Frânkel argued that only Callimachus' hexameter was divided into four cola. The division into four cola was only in nuce in Homer. In his second version (1955) Frànkel argues that Homer's hexameter was already divided into four cola. The first version of Frankel's paper is more convincing in this regard. Frankel argued for a positive interpretation of some metrical laws (Hermann's bridge, respected by Homer, Meyer's first law, not taken in account by Homer, as M. Cantilena recently confirmed).
A. Kahane has recently suggested that it would be better to abandon the notion of a fixed system ruling the occurrence of word end at specific positions in the hexameter. Kahane argues that the audience of the Homeric poems simply expected to find a word end in certain positions in the line, with a higher or lower grade of likelihood. It would be useful to conduct a study of the frequency of word end in the first part of the Homeric hexameter, expecially in view of the fact that, contrary to what Frankel 1955 argued, that part was not yet subject to a rigid organization. This would give us a clearer picture of the different metrical types of the first part of the Homeric hexameter.
La danse du bouclier d'Achille (Iliade 18 : 590-606)
Authors: Cavallero Pablo 
Published: April 2013

Frente a la opinion de que este pasaje es un anadido que rompe el esquema de contenido, defen- demos su autenticidad a partir de un anâlisis estructural de toda la éefrasis del escudo (organi- zada en disticos ; la presencia del khoràs esta en quiasmo con la description de las ciudades) y por razones simbolicas (valor del baile y canto como culmination del trabajo pacifico, frente a la guerra y discordias civiles).
Por otra parte, en cuanto a los versos 597-8, suprimidos por Aristarco y omitidos por Aristofa- nes, defendemos su inclusion por razones de contenido (danza marcial ο stmbolo de galanteo), estructura (paralelismo con el vestido y la coreografia) y estilo (reiteration léxica). Asimismo, en cuanto a los w. 604-6, discutimos el testimonio de Ateneo, evaluamos el de Luciano y propone- mos la inclusion plena del pasaje por razones de lengua (genitivo absoluto sin sujeto, variantes explicables), de estilo (emélpeto/nwlpé), culturales (acompafiamiento del baile) y poéticas (inser- cion del poeta-musico, conexiones internas). Preguntamos : £qué debemos reconstruir, el arquetipo bizantino ο el texto antiguo ?
Odysseus' return and the memory of wandering
Authors: Montiglio Silvia 
Published: April 2013

II est bien connu qu'Ulysse réussit son retour parce qu'il n'oublie pas. Qu'est-ce qu'il n'oublie pas, au juste ? Bien évidemment le retour lui-même, le but de son voyage, à savoir, son identité en tant qu'Ulysse-homme mortel. Cependant, la mémoire du retour est indissociable de la mémoire de l'errance. L'errance n'est pas seulement, comme on le croit généralement, une épreuve contre laquelle Ulysse doit faire valoir sa volonté de retour ; c'est l'expression même de sa mortalité. Les philosophes stoïciens et néoplatoniciens visaient juste lorsqu'ils interprétaient Ulysse comme l'incarnation de Yhomo viator. En effet, au début de l'épopée Ulysse n'est rien sauf un errant : il est l'homme sans nom (Phomme-type) qui a tant erré, vu et souffert. L'errance définit la condition humaine. Cela étant, Ulysse doit se rappeler son errance s'il veut préserver son humanité, c'est-à-dire, retourner à Ithaque.
Le rapport indissociable entre mémoire de l'errance et (mémoire du) nostos éclate au grand jour dans l'épisode de Circé. Cet épisode marque une transition importante dans le voyage d'Ulysse : en lui donnant des instructions, des indications, en lui traçant des cartes, Circé transforme l'errance d'Ulysse en un voyage guidé. Désormais, il ne naviguera plus entre «Rochers Errants» (12. 61). Il n'ira plus à la dérive sauf s'il transgresse (comme il le fera) les instructions de son guide. Le rôle de transition que joue l'épisode de Circé dans la qualité du mouvement d'Ulysse, explique pourquoi Ulysse s'égare sur l'île de la déesse comme jamais auparavant : maintenant qu'il est sur le point de connaître la route, Ulysse doit subir l'épreuve d'un déso- rientement total, géographique (Ulysse s'efforce en vain de comprendre où il est [10. 190-94]) aussi bien qu'existentiel. Ulysse, qui ramenait ses compagnons à la mémoire et sur la route du retour lors de l'escale cheE les Mangeurs de Lotos, maintenant oublie. Et son oubli est double : il touche à la fois sa «pénible errance» (10. 464) et son objectif, le retour, que ses compagnons lui rappellent au bout d'un an (10. 472). L'oubli du retour donc coïncide avec l'oubli de l'errance. En revanche, la mémoire du retour s'accompagne toujours de la mémoire de l'errance. L'Ulysse nostalgique qui contemple la mer de l'île de Calypso, contemple à la fois la route qu'il espère le ramènera à Ithaque et le lieu de son errance passée (et future ?), de même que l'Ulysse qui demande instamment d'être ramené chez lui, est aussi l'Ulysse qui se remémore. Chez Éole et surtout chez Alcinous, Ulysse à la fois demande le retour à ses hôtes et leur offre le récit de ses pénibles aventures. Et même une fois débarqué à Ithaque, il continue néanmoins de narrer «son» errance (sous le déguisement du «Cretois») à tous ceux qui lui demandent son identité. Au point qu'il scelle ses retrouvailles avec Pénélope, où s'accomplit le retour, par une dernière remémoration de son errance (23. 310-343).