bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between thulium laser resection of prostate and transurethral plasmakinetic resection of prostate or transurethral resection of prostate
Authors: DeCao Hong , Wang Jia , Huang Yu , LiangLiu Ren , JunLei Hao , Gao Liang , Tang Zhuang , YingHu Chun , Li Xiang , JiuYuan Hong , Dong Qiang , Wei Qiang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases in middle-aged and elderly men. In the present study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of thulium laser resection of the prostate (TMLRP) with either transurethral plasmakinetic resection of the prostate (TUPKP) or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). A literature search was performed, eventually, 14 studies involving 1587 patients were included. Forest plots were produced by using Revman 5.2.0 software. Our meta-analysis showed that operation time, decrease in hemoglobin level, length of hospital stay, catheterization time and development of urethral stricture significantly differed, whereas the transitory urge incontinence rate, urinary tract infection rate and recatheterization rate did not significantly differ between TMLRP and either TURP or TUPKP. The blood transfusion rate was significantly different between TMLRP and TURP, but not between TMLRP and TUPKP. In addition, the retrograde ejaculation rate between TMLRP and TURP did not significantly differ. At 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of postoperative follow-up, the maximum flow rate, post-void residual, quality of life and International Prostate Symptom Score did not significantly differ among the procedures. Thus, the findings of this study indicate that TMLRP may be a safe and feasible alternative.
Comparative analyses of fecal microbiota in Tibetan and Chinese Han living at low or high altitude by barcoded 454 pyrosequencing
Authors: Li Long , Zhao Xin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractKnowledge about the impact of altitude and ethnicity on human gut microbiota is currently limited. In this study, fecal microbiota from 12 Tibetans (T group), 11 Chinese Han living in Tibet (HH group) and 12 Chinese Han living in Shaanxi province (LH group) were profiled by 454 pyrosequencing. Analysis of UniFrac principal coordinates showed significant structural changes in fecal microbiota among the three groups. There were significant differences in the composition of fecal microbiota among the three groups at phylum and genus levels. At the phylum level, the fecal samples of HH and T groups had higher relative abundances of Firmicutes, whereas the LH group had a higher relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. These changes at the phylum level reflected different dominant genus compositions. Compared with the LH group, changes of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were mainly due to a significant decrease of Prevotella in the HH group and were primarily attributable to significant decreases of Bacteroides and Prevotella as well as a significant increase of Catenibacterium in the T group. In conclusion, our results suggest that high altitude may contribute to shaping human gut microbiota. Genetic and dietary factors may also explain the different microbiota compositions between Tibetan and Chinese Han.
A strategy to discover decoy chemokine ligands with an anti-inflammatory activity
Authors: Abboud Dayana , Daubeuf François , Do Quoc Tuan , Utard Valérie , Villa Pascal , Haiech Jacques , Bonnet Dominique , Hibert Marcel , Bernard Philippe , Galzi Jean-Luc , Frossard Nelly 
Published: October 2015

AbstractExcessive signaling by chemokines has been associated with chronic inflammation or cancer, thus attracting substantial attention as promising therapeutic targets. Inspired by chemokine-clearing molecules shaped by pathogens to escape the immune system, we designed a generic screening assay to discover chemokine neutralizing molecules (neutraligands) and unambiguously distinguish them from molecules that block the receptor (receptor antagonists). This assay, called TRIC-r, combines time-resolved intracellular calcium recordings with pre-incubation of bioactive compounds either with the chemokine or the receptor-expressing cells. We describe here the identification of high affinity neutraligands of CCL17 and CCL22, two chemokines involved in the Th2-type of lung inflammation. The decoy molecules inhibit in vitro CCL17- or CCL22-induced intracellular calcium responses, CCR4 endocytosis and human T cell migration. In vivo, they inhibit inflammation in a murine model of asthma, in particular the recruitment of eosinophils, dendritic cells and CD4+T cells. Altogether, we developed a successful strategy to discover as new class of pharmacological tools to potently control cell chemotaxis in vitro and in vivo.
HDAC inhibitor misprocesses bantam oncomiRNA, but stimulates hid induced apoptotic pathway
Authors: Bhadra Utpal , Mondal Tanmoy , Bag Indira , Mukhopadhyay Debasmita , Das Paromita , Parida Bibhuti B. , Mainkar Prathama S. , Reddy Chada Raji , Bhadra Manika Pal 
Published: October 2015

AbstractApoptosis or programmed cell death is critical for embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Uncontrolled apoptosis leads to different human disorders including immunodeficiency, autoimmune disorder and cancer. Several small molecules that control apoptosis have been identified. Here, we have shown the functional role of triazole derivative (DCPTN-PT) that acts as a potent HDAC inhibitor and mis-express proto onco microRNA (miRNA) bantam. To further understanding the mechanism of action of the molecule in apoptotic pathway, a series of experiments were also performed in Drosophila, a well known model organism in which the nature of human apoptosis is very analogous. DCPTN-PT mis processes bantam microRNA and alters its down regulatory target hid function and cleavage of Caspase-3 which in turn influence components of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in Drosophila. However regulatory microRNAs in other pro-apoptotic genes are not altered. Simultaneously, treatment of same molecule also affects the mitochondrial regulatory pathway in human tumour cell lines suggesting its conservative nature between fly and human. It is reasonable to propose that triazole derivative (DCPTN-PT) controls bantam oncomiRNA and increases hid induced apoptosis and is also able to influence mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
In-situ epitaxial growth of graphene/h-BN van der Waals heterostructures by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Zuo Zheng , Xu Zhongguang , Zheng Renjing , Khanaki Alireza , Zheng Jian-Guo , Liu Jianlin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractVan der Waals materials have received a great deal of attention for their exceptional layered structures and exotic properties, which can open up various device applications in nanoelectronics. However, in situ epitaxial growth of dissimilar van der Waals materials remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a solution for fabricating van der Waals heterostructures. Graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) heterostructures were synthesized on cobalt substrates by using molecular beam epitaxy. Various characterizations were carried out to evaluate the heterostructures. Wafer-scale heterostructures consisting of single-layer/bilayer graphene and multilayer h-BN were achieved. The mismatch angle between graphene and h-BN is below 1°.
Maximizing oyster-reef growth supports green infrastructure with accelerating sea-level rise
Authors: Ridge Justin T. , Rodriguez Antonio B. , Joel Fodrie F. , Lindquist Niels L. , Brodeur Michelle C. , Coleman Sara E. , Grabowski Jonathan H. , Theuerkauf Ethan J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWithin intertidal communities, aerial exposure (emergence during the tidal cycle) generates strong vertical zonation patterns with distinct growth boundaries regulated by physiological and external stressors. Forecasted accelerations in sea-level rise (SLR) will shift the position of these critical boundaries in ways we cannot yet fully predict, but landward migration will be impaired by coastal development, amplifying the importance of foundation species’ ability to maintain their position relative to rising sea levels via vertical growth. Here we show the effects of emergence on vertical oyster-reef growth by determining the conditions at which intertidal reefs thrive and the sharp boundaries where reefs fail, which shift with changes in sea level. We found that oyster reef growth is unimodal relative to emergence, with greatest growth rates occurring between 20–40% exposure and zero-growth boundaries at 10% and 55% exposures. Notably, along the lower growth boundary (10%), increased rates of SLR would outpace reef accretion, thereby reducing the depth range of substrate suitable for reef maintenance and formation and exacerbating habitat loss along developed shorelines. Our results identify where, within intertidal areas, constructed or natural oyster reefs will persist and function best as green infrastructure to enhance coastal resiliency under conditions of accelerating SLR.
Simulating photoacoustic waves produced by individual biological particles with spheroidal wave functions
Authors: Li Yong , Fang Hui , Min Changjun , Yuan Xiaocong 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUnder the usual approximation of treating a biological particle as a spheroidal droplet, we consider the analysis of its size and shape with the high frequency photoacoustics and develop a numerical method which can simulate its characteristic photoacoustic waves. This numerical method is based on the calculation of spheroidal wave functions and when comparing to the finite element model (FEM) calculation, can reveal more physical information and can provide results independently at each spatial points. As the demonstration, red blood cells (RBCs) and MCF7 cell nuclei are studied and their photoacoustic responses including field distribution, spectral amplitude and pulse forming are calculated. We expect that integrating this numerical method with the high frequency photoacoustic measurement will form a new modality being extra to the light scattering method, for fast assessing the morphology of a biological particle.
Stabilization of SIRT7 deacetylase by viral oncoprotein HBx leads to inhibition of growth restrictive RPS7 gene and facilitates cellular transformation
Authors: Pandey Vijaya , Kumar Vijay 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSirtuin-7 (SIRT7) deacetylase exhibits a high selectivity for acetylated H3K18 and has been implicated in the maintenance of malignant phenotype. However, it remains unclear if SIRT7 and H3K18ac play a role in the tumorigenic program driven by oncogenic viruses. We show that ectopically expressed HBx oncoprotein of hepatitis B virus promoted intracellular stability of SIRT7 by salvaging it from ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. HBx-dependent accumulation of SIRT7 favored H3K18 deacetylation and down-regulated the small ribosomal protein gene, RPS7, involved in cell death and DNA damage response. HBx facilitated the recruitment of SIRT7 to RPS7 promoter thus impeding H3K18ac occupancy and hindering RPS7 transcription. The antagonistic relationship between SIRT7 and RPS7 was also observed in the HBx transgenic mice, where elevated levels of SIRT7 protein were coincident with low levels of H3K18ac and RPS7. Strikingly, inhibition of cellular deubiquitinase activity restored RPS7 gene transcription. Further, depletion of endogenous SIRT7 led to decreased cell viability and transformation. The biological relevance of RPS7 suppression by HBx-SIRT7 axis was evident from ectopic expression of RPS7 which attenuated clonogenicity of cells. Thus, our findings suggest that SIRT7 is a critical regulator of HBx-driven oncogenic program, through its antagonistic impact on growth restrictive ribosomal protein RPS7.
New reconstruction of the Wiwaxia scleritome, with data from Chengjiang juveniles
Authors: Zhang Zhifei , Smith Martin R. , Shu Degan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWiwaxiids are a problematic group of scale-covered lophotrochozoans known from Cambrian Stages 3–5. Their imbricating dorsal scleritome of leaf-like scales has prompted comparison with various annelids and molluscs and has been used as a template to reconstruct the articulation pattern of isolated Small Shelly Fossils. The first articulated specimens of Wiwaxia from the Cambrian Stage 3 Chengjiang Konservat-Lagerstätte show that the Wiwaxia scleritome comprised nine equivalent transverse rows associated with outgrowths of soft tissue, but did not possess a separate zone of anterior sclerites. This serial construction is fundamentally incompatible with the circumferential disposition of sclerites in early molluscs, but does closely resemble the armature of certain annelids. A deep homology with the annelid scleritome must be reconciled with Wiwaxia’s mollusc-like mouthparts and foot; together these point to a deep phylogenetic position, close to the common ancestor of annelids and molluscs.
Uncoating Mechanism of Carnation Mottle Virus Revealed by Cryo-EM Single Particle Analysis
Authors: Wang Chun-Yan , Zhang Qin-Fen , Gao Yuan-Zhu , Xie Li , Li Hong-Mei , Hong Jian , Zhang Chuan-Xi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractGenome uncoating is a prerequisite for the successful infection of plant viruses in host plants. Thus far, little is known about the genome uncoating of the Carnation mottle virus (CarMV). Here, we obtained two reconstructions of CarMV at pH7 in the presence (Ca-pH7) and absence (EDTA-pH7) of calcium ions by Cryo-EM single particle analysis, which achieved 6.4 Å and 8 Å resolutions respectively. Our results showed that chelation of the calcium ions under EDTA-pH7 resulted in reduced interaction between the subunits near the center of the asymmetric unit but not overall size change of the viral particles, which indicated that the role of the calcium ions in CarMV was not predominantly for the structural preservation. Part of the genomic RNA closest to the capsid was found to be located near the center of the asymmetric unit, which might result from the interaction between genomic RNA and Lys194 residues. Together with the electrostatic potential analysis on the inner surface of the asymmetric unit, the reduced interaction near the center of the asymmetric unit under EDTA-pH7 suggested that the genome release of CarMV might be realized through the center of the asymmetric unit.
Volcanic passive margins: another way to break up continents
Authors: Geoffroy L. , Burov E. B. , Werner P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTwo major types of passive margins are recognized, i.e. volcanic and non-volcanic, without proposing distinctive mechanisms for their formation. Volcanic passive margins are associated with the extrusion and intrusion of large volumes of magma, predominantly mafic and represent distinctive features of Larges Igneous Provinces, in which regional fissural volcanism predates localized syn-magmatic break-up of the lithosphere. In contrast with non-volcanic margins, continentward-dipping detachment faults accommodate crustal necking at both conjugate volcanic margins. These faults root on a two-layer deformed ductile crust that appears to be partly of igneous nature. This lower crust is exhumed up to the bottom of the syn-extension extrusives at the outer parts of the margin. Our numerical modelling suggests that strengthening of deep continental crust during early magmatic stages provokes a divergent flow of the ductile lithosphere away from a central continental block, which becomes thinner with time due to the flow-induced mechanical erosion acting at its base. Crustal-scale faults dipping continentward are rooted over this flowing material, thus isolating micro-continents within the future oceanic domain. Pure-shear type deformation affects the bulk lithosphere at VPMs until continental breakup and the geometry of the margin is closely related to the dynamics of an active and melting mantle.
Spillover and pandemic properties of zoonotic viruses with high host plasticity
Authors: Kreuder Johnson Christine , Hitchens Peta L. , Smiley Evans Tierra , Goldstein Tracey , Thomas Kate , Clements Andrew , Joly Damien O. , Wolfe Nathan D. , Daszak Peter , Karesh William B. , Mazet Jonna K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMost human infectious diseases, especially recently emerging pathogens, originate from animals and ongoing disease transmission from animals to people presents a significant global health burden. Recognition of the epidemiologic circumstances involved in zoonotic spillover, amplification and spread of diseases is essential for prioritizing surveillance and predicting future disease emergence risk. We examine the animal hosts and transmission mechanisms involved in spillover of zoonotic viruses to date and discover that viruses with high host plasticity (i.e. taxonomically and ecologically diverse host range) were more likely to amplify viral spillover by secondary human-to-human transmission and have broader geographic spread. Viruses transmitted to humans during practices that facilitate mixing of diverse animal species had significantly higher host plasticity. Our findings suggest that animal-to-human spillover of new viruses that are capable of infecting diverse host species signal emerging disease events with higher pandemic potential in that these viruses are more likely to amplify by human-to-human transmission with spread on a global scale.
Rational Design of Benzylidenehydrazinyl-Substituted Thiazole Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase with in Vivo Anti-arthritic Activity
Authors: Li Shiliang , Luan Guoqin , Ren Xiaoli , Song Wenlin , Xu Liuxin , Xu Minghao , Zhu Junsheng , Dong Dong , Diao Yanyan , Liu Xiaofeng , Zhu Lili , Wang Rui , Zhao Zhenjiang , Xu Yufang , Li Honglin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractHuman dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, transplant rejection and other autoimmune diseases. Based on the X-ray structure of hDHODH in complex with lead compound 7, a series of benzylidenehydrazinyl-substituted thiazole derivatives as potent inhibitors of hDHODH were designed and synthesized, of which 19 and 30 were the most potent with IC50 values in the double-digit nanomolar range. Moreover, compound 19 displayed significant anti-arthritic effects and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles in vivo. Further X-ray structure and SAR analyses revealed that the potencies of the designed inhibitors were partly attributable to additional water-mediated hydrogen bond networks formed by an unexpected buried water between hDHODH and the 2-(2-methylenehydrazinyl)thiazole scaffold. This work not only elucidates promising scaffolds targeting hDHODH for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, but also demonstrates that the water-mediated hydrogen bond interaction is an important factor in molecular design and optimization.
Terahertz meets sculptural and architectural art: Evaluation and conservation of stone objects with T-ray technology
Authors: Krügener K. , Schwerdtfeger M. , Busch S. F. , Soltani A. , Castro-Camus E. , Koch M. , Viöl W. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractConservation of cultural heritage is an area where novel scientific techniques are having enormous impact. Given the value and uniqueness of art pieces, non-invasive diagnostic methods are highly appreciated by conservators. Terahertz radiation has shown enormous potential as non-contact probe that can be used for the three-dimensional reconstruction of internal structure of stone-made objects. In this article we report the evaluation of the internal damage state of two art pieces, a medallion from the Castle of Celle and a window sill from the St. Peter of Trier Cathedral. We also used terahertz radiation to follow and assess the restoration process of the window sill. We found that terahertz spectroscopy is an excellent non-destructive evaluation method for stone artwork that shows enormous potential as a tool for conservation.
Observation of tunable nonlinear effects in an analogue of superconducting composite right/left hand filter
Authors: Liu Haiwen , Lei Jiuhuai , Jiang Hao , Guan Xuehui , Ji Laiyun , Ma Zhewang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractArtificial structures with negative permittivity or permeability have attracted significant attention in the science community because they provide a pathway for obtaining exotic electromagnetic properties not found in natural materials. At the moment, the great challenge of these artificial structures in microwave frequency exhibits a relatively large loss. It is well-known that superconducting thin films have extremely low surface resistance. Hence, it is a good candidate to resolve this constraint. Besides, the reported artificial structures with negative permittivity or permeability are mainly focusing on linear regime of wave propagation. However, any future effort in creating tunable structures would require knowledge of nonlinear properties. In this work, a tunable superconducting filter with composite right/left-hand transmission property is proposed and fabricated. Its nonlinear effects on temperature and power are studied by theoretical analysis and experiments.
Chemiluminometric Immunosensor for High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Employing a Polymerized Enzyme Conjugate as a Tracer
Authors: Lim Guei-Sam , Seo Sung-Min , Paek Sung-Ho , Kim Seung-Wan , Jeon Jin-Woo , Kim Dong-Hyung , Cho Il-Hoon , Paek Se-Hwan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTo detect high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI; <0.01 ng/mL) at points of care, we developed a rapid immunosensor by using horseradish peroxidase polymerized in 20 molecules on average (Poly-HRP) as a tracer conjugated with streptavidin (SA-Poly-HRP). As shown in the conventional system, enhanced sensitivity could be achieved by using a sequential binding scheme for the complex formation to contain the huge molecular tracer. We used a 2-dimensional chromatographic technology to carry out the sequential bindings in cross-flow directions. After the complex formation of antigen-antibody with analyte in a vertical direction, SA-Poly-HRP was horizontally supplied across the membrane strip for additional binding via a biotin-SA linkage. The HRP substrate was subsequently supplied along the same direction to produce a chemiluminometric signal, which was measured by a cooled charge-coupled device. Hs-cTnI analysis was completed in this format within 25 min and the results showed a high correlation with those of the CentaurXP® reference system (R2 > 0.99). The detection limit of the rapid immunosensor was 0.003 ± 0.001 ng/mL cTnI, corresponding to a 10-fold improvement compared to results using the plain enzyme tracer. This demonstrated the measurement of hs-cTnI in a much more cost-effective manner compared to the automated versions currently available.
Nanoscale Graphene Disk: A Natural Functionally Graded Material–How is Fourier’s Law Violated along Radius Direction of 2D Disk
Authors: Yang Nuo , Hu Shiqian , Ma Dengke , Lu Tingyu , Li Baowen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this Paper, we investigate numerically and analytically the thermal conductivity of nanoscale graphene disks (NGDs) and discussed the possibility to realize functionally graded material (FGM) with only one material, NGDs. Different from previous studies on divergence/non-diffusive of thermal conductivity in nano-structures with different size, we found a novel non-homogeneous (graded) thermal conductivity along the radius direction in a single nano-disk structure. We found that, instead of a constant value, the NGD has a graded thermal conductivity along the radius direction. That is, Fourier’s law of heat conduction is not valid in two dimensional graphene disk structures Moreover, we show the dependent of NGDs’ thermal conductivity on radius and temperature. Our study might inspire experimentalists to develop NGD based versatile FGMs, improve understanding of the heat removal of hot spots on chips and enhance thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency by two dimensional disk with a graded thermal conductivity.