bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical profile and pharmacological potential of Withania somnifera whole plant extracts
Authors: Sher Ayaz Ali , Iqbal Arshad , Adil Muhammad , Shah Zamarud , Butt Zahid Ali , Ullah Sami , Nafees Muhammad , Sohni Saima 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWithania somnifera belongs to the family Solanaceae, commonly called ashwagandha, and is traditionally used as an astringent, hepatoprotective and antioxidant, and as a treatment for rheumatism. Therefore the current study aimed to explore the dichloromethane fraction of W. somnifera whole plant (DCFWS) and ethyl acetate fraction of W. somnifera (EAFWS) using gas chromatoghraphy–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis and to find the acetylcholinesterase inhibition potential along with spasmolytic activity. The GC–MS‐detected phytochemicals were 2,4‐bis(1,1‐dimethylethyl), hexadecanoic acid, 1‐nonadecene and 11‐octadecenoic acid. The DCFWS and EAFWS exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential with significant inhibitory concentration values. The acute toxicity results of both fractions showed high toxicity, causing emesis at 0.5 g and both emesis and diarrhea at 1 g/kg. Both fractions exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.01) laxative activity against metronidazole (7 mg/kg) and loperamide hydrochloride (4 mg/kg) induced constipation. Both DCFWS (66.8 ± 3.85%) and EAFWS (58.58 ± 3.28%) significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased charcoal movement compared with distal water (43.93 ± 4.34%). Similarly the effect of DCFWS on KCl‐induced (80 mm) contraction was more significant as compared with EAFWS. It was concluded that the plant can be used in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract diseases such as constipation. Furthermore, additional work is required in the future to determine the bioactive compounds that act as therapeutic agents in W. somnifera.
Chief executive officer narcissism, power and sustainable development goals reporting: An empirical analysis
Authors: Awuah Benjamin , Elbardan Hany , Yazdifar Hassan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGrounded in both agency and upper echelons perspectives, this paper examines the effects of chief executive officer (CEO) narcissism and power on corporate reporting on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We theorise that CEOs' narcissistic tendencies and power will influence their firms' SDGs engagement and reporting practices. We also examine whether SDGs reporting affects firm performance. Based on a sample of FTSE 100 companies for the period 2018–2022, we test our ideas using generalised estimating equations. The results show that CEO narcissism is positively related to SDGs reporting; however, this effect is weaker in firms led by older narcissistic CEOs. Further, CEO power is negatively associated with SDGs reporting, suggesting that firms led by powerful CEOs are reluctant to integrate the SDGs. Finally, corporate SDGs reporting lacks any value‐enhancing effect on firm performance, supporting the symbolic perspective of sustainability management. Our results contribute to the literature on SDGs accounting and enrich our understanding of the underlying dynamics shaping corporate disclosure practices.
TP53 and KMT2D mutations associated with worse prognosis in peripheral T‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Wang Lingling , Yang Lei , Guan Fangshu , Chen Jing , Cheng Yuexin , Miao Yuqing , He Jingsong , Cai Zhen , Huang He , Zhao Yi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere are limited studies on mutation profiling for Peripheral T‐cell lymphomas (PTCL) in the Chinese population. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and genetic landscape of 66 newly diagnosed Chinese patients. Targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was performed for tissues from these patients. At least one mutation was detected in 60 (90.9%) patients, with a median number of 3 (0–7) mutations, and 32 (48.5%) cases detected with more than 4 mutations. The genes with higher mutation frequencies were TET2, RHOA, DNMT3A, IDH2, TP53, STAT3, and KMT2D respectively. When mutant genes are classified by functional group, the most prevalent mutations are related to epigenetics and signal transduction. IPI ≥2, PIT ≥2, and failure to achieve partial remission (PR) were factors for inferior progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis showed TP53 was an adverse factor for PFS (HR, 3.523; 95% CI, 1.262–9.835; p = 0.016), and KMT2D was an adverse factor for OS (HR, 10.097; 95% CI, 1.000–101.953; p = 0.048). Mutation profiling could help differentiate distinct types of PTCL and serve as a useful tool for determining treatment options and prognoses.
Frontal person image generation based on arbitrary‐view human images
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhang Yuqing , Chen Lufei , Yin Baocai , Sun Yongliang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFrontal person images contain the richest detailed features of humans, which can effectively assist in behavioral recognition, virtual dress fitting and other applications. While many remarkable networks are devoted to the person image generation task, most of them need accurate target poses as the network inputs. However, the target pose annotation is difficult and time‐consuming. In this work, we proposed a first frontal person image generation network based on the proposed anchor pose set and the generative adversarial network. Specifically, our method first classify a rough frontal pose to the input human image based on the proposed anchor pose set, and regress all key points of the rough frontal pose to estimate an accurate frontal pose. Then, we consider the estimated frontal pose as the target pose, and construct a two‐stream generator based on the generative adversarial network to update the person's shape and appearance feature in a crossing way and generate a realistic frontal person image. Experiments on the challenging CMU Panoptic dataset show that our method can generate realistic frontal images from arbitrary‐view human images.
The Exploration of Nanozymes for Biosensing of Pathological States Tailored to Clinical Theranostics
Authors: Khan Abdul Sayeed , Sahu Sudhir Kumar , Dash Santosh Kumar , Mishra Tankadhar , Padhan Amiya Ranjan , Padhan Damodar , Dash Sribatsa Lanchhana , Sarangi Manoj Kumar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe nanozymes (NZs) are the artificial catalyst deployed for biosensing with their uniqueness (high robustness, surface tenability, inexpensive, and stability) for obtaining a better response/miniaturization of the varied sensors than their traditional ancestors. Nowadays, nanomaterials with their broadened scale such as metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), and metals/metal oxides are widely engaged in generating NZ‐based biosensors (BS). Diverse strategies like fluorescent, colorimetric, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and electrochemical sensing principles were implemented for signal transduction of NZs. Despite broad advantages, numerous encounters (like specificity, feasibility, stability, and issues in scale‐up) are affecting the potentialities of NZs‐based BS, and thus need prior attention for a promising exploration for a revolutionary outcome in advanced theranostics. This review includes different types of NZs, and the progress of numerous NZs tailored bio‐sensing techniques in detecting abundant bio analytes for theranostic purposes. Further, the discussion highlighted some recent challenges along with their progressive way of possibly overcoming followed by commercial outbreaks.
Crude oil removal from water: Influence of organic phase composition and mineral content
Authors: Rintoul Ignacio , Uldry Thomas , Hunkeler David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe effect of organic and inorganic compounds, commonly present in the mineralogy of crude oil and/or added in the washing processes of extracted crude, on the removal efficiency of emulsified oils present in waste washing waters was investigated by means of flocculation. Approximately 90% of the emulsified oil could be removed using an anionic flocculant, providing a residual turbidity below 100 NTU. The yield depended on the nature of the organic and inorganic components present. The higher the chain length of the main organic component, the greater the flocculant concentration required to remove the oil. Several components had an effect of emulsification (e.g., octane, decane), some of which rendered de‐oiling process completely ineffective (e.g., naphthenic acids). Aliphatics were the most difficult to eliminate, requiring flocculant levels in the 200–300 ppm range. This is in contrast to 75–100 ppm levels which were required to remove bi‐ and poly‐cyclic aromatics. Heavy oils were more difficult to remove than light oils. There was a strong effect of the pH of the aqueous phase. The optimum was pH = 2.0. Virtually all inorganic compounds reduced the efficiency of removing oil from water when spiked at 1%. The only exception was sodium carbonate which acted as a de‐emulsifier. Monovalent salts have a minor effect on de‐oiling, with efficiencies remaining at 80%. Divalent chlorides reduced the de‐oiling efficiency to 70% while sulphates had a more severe influence. The de‐oiling efficiency was lowered substantially with the addition of clays, zinc, cadmium, ferric oxide, calcium carbonate, and dibenyhlthiophene.
Parameter optimization of the simulated moving bed system based on the IMOSCSO algorithm
Authors: Chen Yuhuan , Li Ling 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe optimization of operating parameters for the simulated moving bed (SMB) is complex. A parameter optimization method for the SMB system was proposed based on the improved multi‐objective sand cat swarm optimization (IMOSCSO) algorithm. The multi‐objective sand cat swarm optimization (MOSCSO) algorithm integrated the update and selection mechanism of the repository in the multi‐objective algorithm. Three strategies were proposed to improve the traditional MOSCSO algorithm for increased population diversity, global search capability, and convergence speed. First, the cubic chaotic map was used to initialize the population, which improved the uniformity of the population distribution. Second, including a variable spiral search strategy in the prey search phase enabled the sand cat swarm to explore more search paths to adjust its position. Third, the convergence speed was enhanced by incorporating the alert mechanism of the sparrow search algorithm. The improved algorithm was tested with standard test functions. The IMOSCSO algorithm outperformed other algorithms in terms of convergence and accuracy. Finally, the IMOSCSO algorithm optimized the system parameters of the SMB, demonstrating its practical applications.
Computational haemodynamics for pulmonary valve replacement by means of a reduced fluid‐structure interaction model
Authors: Criseo Elisabetta , Fumagalli Ivan , Quarteroni Alfio , Marianeschi Stefano Maria , Vergara Christian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPulmonary valve replacement (PVR) consists of substituting a patient's original valve with a prosthetic one, primarily addressing pulmonary valve insufficiency, which is crucially relevant in Tetralogy of Fallot repairment. While extensive clinical and computational literature on aortic and mitral valve replacements is available, PVR's post‐procedural haemodynamics in the pulmonary artery and the impact of prosthetic valve dynamics remain significantly understudied. Addressing this gap, we introduce a reduced Fluid–Structure Interaction (rFSI) model, applied for the first time to the pulmonary valve. This model couples a three‐dimensional computational representation of pulmonary artery haemodynamics with a one‐degree‐of‐freedom model to account for valve structural mechanics. Through this approach, we analyse patient‐specific haemodynamics pre and post PVR. Patient‐specific geometries, reconstructed from CT scans, are virtually equipped with a template valve geometry. Boundary conditions for the model are established using a lumped‐parameter model, fine‐tuned based on clinical patient data. Our model accurately reproduces patient‐specific haemodynamic changes across different scenarios: pre‐PVR, six months post‐PVR, and a follow‐up condition after a decade. It effectively demonstrates the impact of valve implantation on sustaining the diastolic pressure gradient across the valve. The numerical results indicate that our valve model is able to reproduce overall physiological and/or pathological conditions, as preliminary assessed on two different patients. This promising approach provides insights into post‐PVR haemodynamics and prosthetic valve effects, shedding light on potential implications for patient‐specific outcomes.
Deciphering Pyramidanes: A Quantum Chemical Topology Approach
Authors: Vidal Lucía , Barrena‐Espés Daniel , Echeverría Jorge , Munárriz Julen , Pendás Ángel Martín 
Published: July 2024

AbstractC[C4H4], the simplest compound of the [4]‐pyramidane family, has so far eluded experimental characterization, although several of its analogs, E[C4(SiMe3)4] in which the E apex atom is a tetrel group element, have been successfully prepared. The non‐classical bonding mode of E, similar to that found in propellanes, has prompted a considerable number of theoretical studies to unravel the nature of the apex‐base interaction. Here, we contribute to this knowledge by analyzing the electron localization function (ELF) and classical QTAIM descriptors; as well the statistical distribution of electrons in atomic regions by means of the so‐called electron distribution functions (EDFs), calculation of multicenter indices (MCI) as aromaticity descriptors and by performing orbital invariant energy decompositions with the interacting quantum atoms (IQA) approach on a series of E[C4(SiMe3)4] compounds. We find that the bonding evolves from covalent to electrostatic as E changes from C to Pb, with an anomaly when E=Si, which is shown to be the most charged moiety, compatible with an aromatic [C4(SiMe3)4]2− scaffold in the pyramidane base.
Enrichment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)–Degrading Strictly Anaerobic Sulfate‐Reducing Cultures from Contaminated Soil and Sediment
Authors: Dhar Kartik , Venkateswarlu Kadiyala , Megharaj Mallavarapu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) are crucial players in global biogeochemical cycling and some have been implicated in the anaerobic biodegradation of organic pollutants, including recalcitrant and hazardous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Obtaining PAH‐degrading SRB cultures for laboratories is of paramount importance in the development of the young field of anaerobic biodegradation of PAHs. SRB grow exceptionally slowly on PAH substrates and are highly sensitive to oxygen. Consequently, enrichment and maintenance of PAH‐degrading SRB cultures and characterization of the biodegradation process remain a tedious and formidable task, especially for new researchers. To address these technical constraints, we have developed robust and effective protocols for obtaining and characterizing PAH‐degrading SRB cultures. In this set of protocols, we describe step‐by‐step procedures for preparing inocula from contaminated soil or sediment, preparing anoxic medium, establishing enrichment cultures with PAHs as substrates under completely anaerobic sulfate‐reducing conditions, successive culture transfers to obtain highly enriched cultures, rapid verification of the viability of SRB in slow‐growing cultures, assessment of PAH degradation by extracting residuals using organic solvent and subsequent analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and spectrophotometric determination of sulfate and sulfide in miniaturized, medium‐throughput format. These protocols are expected to serve as a comprehensive manual for obtaining and characterizing PAH‐degrading sulfate‐reducing cultures. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Obtaining PAH‐degrading strictly anaerobic sulfate‐reducing enrichment cultures from contaminated soil and sedimentSupport Protocol 1: Operation and maintenance of an anaerobic workstationSupport Protocol 2: Setup of gas purging systems for preparing anoxic solutionsSupport Protocol 3: Verification of viability in slow‐growing SRB enrichment culturesSupport Protocol 4: Extraction of genomic DNA from low‐biomass culturesBasic Protocol 2: Extraction of residual PAH from liquid culture and analysis by GC‐MSBasic Protocol 3: Spectrophotometric determination of sulfate concentration in SRB culturesBasic Protocol 4: Spectrophotometric determination of sulfide concentrations in SRB cultures by the methylene blue methodAlternate Protocol: Spectrophotometric determination of sulfide concentrations in SRB cultures by the colloidal copper sulfide method
All‐in‐All: Dead Lithium‐Ion Battery to Active Lithium‐Ion Capacitor
Authors: Manohar Akshay , Viswanathan Aranganathan , Lee Yun‐Sung , Aravindan Vanchiappan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHere, we have developed lithium‐ion capacitors (LICs) with all the components, except the electrolyte solution, effectively recycled from the spent Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Hybrid capacitors, such as LICs, are potential breakthroughs in electrochemical energy storage devices, where most research is focused. These devices can simultaneously guarantee high energy and power by hybridizing battery‐type and capacitive‐type electrodes with two different reaction mechanisms. We have successfully upcycled the graphite, current collector, separator, etc., from the spent LIBs to fabricate a high‐performance LIC. Our LIC consists of recovered graphite (RG) coated over recovered copper foil as an anode, recycled polypropylene as the separator, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) synthesized from RG as the cathode. The RG half‐cell exhibited an excellent specific capacity of 302 mAh g−1 even after 75 charge‐discharge cycles with a coulombic efficiency of >99 %. The Li/rGO displayed remarkable cycling performance for over 1000 cycles with high stability and reversibility. Subsequently, the pre‐lithiated RG (p‐RG) electrode is paired with the rGO electrode under the balanced loading conditions to construct LIC, rGO/p‐RG, delivering a maximum energy density of 185 Wh kg−1 with ultra‐long durability of more than 10,000 cycles. The possibility of LIC under different climatic conditions is also explored, and its remarkable performance under various temperature conditions is worth mentioning.
Graphene‐Based Material Supports for Ni− and Ru− Catalysts in CO2 Hydrogenation: Ruling out Performances and Impurity Role
Authors: Ebrahim Atakoohi Sina , Riani Paola , Spennati Elena , Savio Letizia , Vattuone Luca , De Maron Jacopo , Garbarino Gabriella 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLaboratory‐prepared Gnp using molten salt, commercial Gnp and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have been characterized and utilized as support for CO2 hydrogenation catalysts. Ni− and Ru− catalysts supported over Gnp, commercial Gnp and rGO have been deeply characterized at different stages using Raman, IR, XRD, FE‐SEM‐EDXS, SEM‐EDXS, XPS, and TEM, also addressing carbon loss before reaction and evolved species, thus allowing a better comprehension of the produced materials. Ni and Ru/rGO were inactive while Gnp‐supported ones were active. Ru has been found almost completely selective toward reverse Water Gas Shift to CO, approaching the forecasted thermodynamic equilibrium at 723 K, in the tested conditions (YCO~55 %), with an apparent activation energy in the range of 70–90 kJ/mol. Exhaust catalysts pointed out the presence of sulfur partially linked to the carbon matrix and partially producing the corresponding metal sulfide with the detection of surface oxidized species in the cationic form and adsorbed species as well. The metal‐based nanoparticles displayed a quite narrow size distribution, confirming the promising behavior of these catalytic systems for CO2 utilization.
In‐Situ Formation of a LiF‐Rich Interphase for Graphite Anode Operated at Low Temperatures
Authors: Yin Yue , Liu Gaohong , Peng Yu , Fang Zhong , Dong Xiaoli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInorganic LiF is generally a desirable component in solid electrolyte interface (SEI) for graphite anode due to its electronic insulation, low Li+ diffusion barrier, high modulus and good chemical stability. Herein, fluorinated carbon (CFx) was incorporated into graphite material, which exhibited a high discharge potential prior to electrolyte decomposition and in‐situ formed a crystalline LiF‐based SEI with improved Li+ diffusion rate. The optimized graphite anode therefore demonstrated a fast‐charging capability with 124 mAh g−1 at high rate of 8 C and a remarkable capacity retention of 83.8 % at the low temperature of −30 °C compared to that at 25 °C. Furthermore, the optimized graphite|LiFePO4 full cell exhibited a significantly high discharge capacity of 109 mAh g−1 at −30 °C, corresponding to a notable 77.3 % room‐temperature capacity retention. These findings highlight a facile strategy to attain a LiF‐rich SEI for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries.
Efficacy of Eating Disorder Focused Family Therapy for Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Austin A. , Anderson A. G. , Lee J. , Vander Steen H. , Savard C. , Bergmann C. , Singh M. , Devoe D. , Gorrell S. , Patten S. , Le Grange D. , Dimitropoulos G. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo systematically review and evaluate the efficacy of eating disorder focused family therapy (FT‐ED) in comparison to all other forms of psychotherapy for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa. A secondary aim is to assess the relative efficacy of different variations of FT‐ED (e.g., shorter vs. longer dose, parent‐focused).MethodsA search with relevant terms was systematically conducted on four databases. Twenty‐three publications across 18 randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria. Outcomes of interest included variables related to weight, eating psychopathology, and remission status. Study quality was assessed, and data were extracted by two independent researchers.ResultsAdolescents receiving FT‐ED gained significantly more weight by the end of treatment in comparison to those receiving individual psychotherapy. FT‐ED that was delivered just to parents or to parents and child separately offered preferable weight outcomes and rates of recovery at the end of treatment in comparison to conjoint FT‐ED. No other outcomes tested in the meta‐analysis were statistically significant at the end of treatment or follow‐up.DiscussionCurrently available data suggest the use of FT‐ED in its conjoint or separated/parent focused format is the best outpatient treatment option for adolescents with anorexia nervosa when immediate weight gain is paramount. The variability of outcome measurement, including the tools used and timepoints chosen, limit comparison among no more than a handful of studies. The field would benefit from the standardization of measurement and reporting guidelines for future clinical trials.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO number: CRD42023396263.