bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finding the jigsaw piece for our jigsaw puzzle with corporate social responsibility
Authors: Duarte Ana Patrícia , Gomes Daniel Roque , Gonçalves das Neves José 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– This study aims to examine the influence of different corporate social responsibility (CSR) dimensions on prospective applicants’ responses, namely, organizational attractiveness and intention to apply for a job vacancy (IAJV).Design/methodology/approach– Using an experimental 2 × 3 crossed factorial design (n= 195), the level of engagement of a hypothetical company in socially responsible practices (high vs low) was manipulated concerning three dimensions of CSR (employees, community and environment and economic level). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the six conditions and, after reading the corresponding scenario, were asked to evaluate the extent to which the company was considered a good place to work and their IAJV in it.Findings– The level of engagement in socially responsible practices had a positive effect both on the degree to which participants favorably perceived the organization as a place to work and on their IAJV. Furthermore, the level of engagement in practices toward employees and in the economic domain had a stronger effect on participants’ responses than the engagement in practices that benefit community and environment.Research limitations/implications– Data were obtained in a laboratory setting, so the generalization of results to actual job search settings must be made with caution.Practical implications– CSR can be a source of competitive advantage in the recruitment of new employees. Because not all CSR dimensions have the same effect on applicants’ responses, companies should take into account the CSR dimensions in which they are engaged and communicate them to the public.Originality/value– As far as we know, this is the first study to examine the impact of different CSR dimensions both on organizational attractiveness and IAJV.
“Fuller” or “extended” working lives: a critical commentary
Authors: Phillipson Chris 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to, first, provide some background to the treatment of older workers; second, highlight the distinction between a “fuller” and an “extended” working life; third, note the importance of separating out different groups within the category “older worker”; finally, identify areas for action to suppose those now facing working into their 60s and beyond.Design/methodology/approach– Commentary paper analysing development of policies towards older workers.Findings– This paper identifies problems implementing policy of extending working and provides various areas of action to support older workers.Research limitations/implications– This paper suggests extending work unlikely to be achieved without ensuring greater security for older workers.Practical implications– Importance of developing more support for older workers.Social implications– Challenge of resolving insecurity in the labour force as an impediment to extended working.Originality/value– This paper outlines a critical assessment of current government policy towards older workers.
Determination of Herbicides Paraquat, Glyphosate, and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid in Marijuana Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Lanaro Rafael , Costa José L. , Cazenave Silvia O. S. , Zanolli‐Filho Luiz A. , Tavares Marina F. M. , Chasin Alice A. M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn this work, two methods were developed to determine herbicides paraquat, glyphosate, and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in marijuana samples by capillary electrophoresis. For paraquat analysis, sample was extracted with aqueous acetic acid solution and analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis with direct UV detection. The running electrolyte was 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 2.50). For glyphosate and AMPA, indirect UV/VIS detection was used, as these substances do not present chromophoric groups. Samples were extracted with 5 mmol/L hydrochloric acid. The running electrolyte was 10 mmol/L gallic acid, 6 mmol/L TRIS, and 0.1 mmol/L CTAB (pH = 4.7). The methods presented good linearity, precision, accuracy, and recovery. Paraquat was detected in 12 samples (n = 130), ranging from 0.01 to 25.1 mg/g. Three samples were positive for glyphosate (0.15–0.75 mg/g), and one sample presented AMPA as well. Experimental studies are suggested to evaluate the risks of these concentrations to marijuana user.
Mitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from swine wastewater treatment in an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibers
Authors: Yamashita Takahiro , Yamamoto‐Ikemoto Ryoko , Yokoyama Hiroshi , Kawahara Hirofumi , Ogino Akifumi , Osada Takashi 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from swine wastewater treatment was demonstrated in an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibers (CF reactor). The CF reactor had a demonstrated advantage in mitigating N2O emission and avoiding NOx (NO3 + NO2) accumulation. The N2O emission factor was 0.0003 g N2O‐N/gTN‐load in the CF bioreactor compared to 0.03 gN2O‐N/gTN‐load in an activated sludge reactor (AS reactor). N2O and CH4 emissions from the CF reactor were 42 g‐CO2 eq/m3/day, while those from the AS reactor were 725 g‐CO2 eq/m3/day. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the CF reactor removed an average of 156 mg/L of the NH4‐N, and accumulated an average of 14 mg/L of the NO3‐N. In contrast, the DIN in the AS reactor removed an average 144 mg/L of the NH4‐N and accumulated an average 183 mg/L of the NO3‐N. NO2‐N was almost undetectable in both reactors.
Differential sensitivity of TREK‐1, TREK‐2 and TRAAK background potassium channels to the polycationic dye ruthenium red
Authors: Braun G , Lengyel M , Enyedi P , Czirják G 
Published: November 2014

Background and PurposePharmacological separation of the background potassium currents of closely related K2P channels is a challenging problem. We previously demonstrated that ruthenium red (RR) inhibits TASK‐3 (K2P9.1), but not TASK‐1 (K2P3.1) channels. RR has been extensively used to distinguish between TASK currents in native cells. In the present study, we systematically investigate the RR sensitivity of a more comprehensive set of K2P channels.Experimental ApproachK+ currents were measured by two‐electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes and by whole‐cell patch clamp in mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.Key ResultsRR differentiates between two closely related members of the TREK subfamily. TREK‐2 (K2P10.1) proved to be highly sensitive to RR (IC50 = 0.2 μM), whereas TREK‐1 (K2P2.1) was not affected by the compound. We identified aspartate 135 (D135) as the target of the inhibitor in mouse TREK‐2c. D135 lines the wall of the extracellular ion pathway (EIP), a tunnel structure through the extracellular cap characteristic for K2P channels. TREK‐1 contains isoleucine in the corresponding position. The mutation of this isoleucine (I110D) rendered TREK‐1 sensitive to RR. The third member of the TREK subfamily, TRAAK (K2P4.1) was more potently inhibited by ruthenium violet, a contaminant in some RR preparations, than by RR. DRG neurons predominantly express TREK‐2 and RR‐resistant TREK‐1 and TRESK (K2P18.1) background K+ channels. We detected the RR‐sensitive leak K+ current component in DRG neurons.Conclusions and ImplicationsWe propose that RR may be useful for distinguishing TREK‐2 (K2P10.1) from TREK‐1 (K2P2.1) and other RR‐resistant K2P channels in native cells.
Pharmacological profile of opicapone, a third‐generation nitrocatechol catechol‐O‐methyl transferase inhibitor, in the rat
Authors: Bonifácio M J , Torrão L , Loureiro A I , Palma P N , Wright L C , Soares‐da‐Silva P 
Published: November 2014

Background and PurposeCatechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) is an important target in the levodopa treatment of Parkinson's disease; however, the inhibitors available have problems, and not all patients benefit from their efficacy. Opicapone was developed to overcome those limitations. In this study, opicapone's pharmacological properties were evaluated as well as its potential cytotoxic effects.Experimental ApproachThe pharmacodynamic effects of opicapone were explored by evaluating rat COMT activity and levodopa pharmacokinetics, in the periphery through microdialysis and in whole brain. The potential cytotoxicity risk of opicapone was explored in human hepatocytes by assessing cellular ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential.Key ResultsOpicapone inhibited rat peripheral COMT with ED50 values below 1.4 mg⋅kg−1 up to 6 h post‐administration. The effect was sustained over the first 8 h and by 24 h COMT had not returned to control values. A single administration of opicapone resulted in increased and sustained plasma levodopa levels with a concomitant reduction in 3‐O‐methyldopa from 2 h up to 24 h post‐administration, while tolcapone produced significant effects only at 2 h post‐administration. The effects of opicapone on brain catecholamines after levodopa administration were sustained up to 24 h post‐administration. Opicapone was also the least potent compound in decreasing both the mitochondrial membrane potential and the ATP content in human primary hepatocytes after a 24 h incubation period.Conclusions and ImplicationsOpicapone has a prolonged inhibitory effect on peripheral COMT, which extends the bioavailability of levodopa, without inducing toxicity. Thus, it exhibits some improved properties compared to the currently available COMT inhibitors.
Nuciferine relaxes rat mesenteric arteries through endothelium‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms
Authors: Wang Xinfeng , Cheang Wai San , Yang Haixia , Xiao Lei , Lai Baochang , Zhang Meiqian , Ni Jiahua , Luo Zhenyu , Zhang Zihui , Huang Yu , Wang Nanping 
Published: November 2014

Background and PurposeNuciferine, a constituent of lotus leaf, is an aromatic ring‐containing alkaloid, with antioxidative properties. We hypothesize nuciferine might affect vascular reactivity. This study aimed at determining the effects of nuciferine on vasomotor tone and the underlying mechanismExperimental ApproachNuciferine‐induced relaxations in rings of rat main mesenteric arteries were measured by wire myographs. Endothelial NOS (eNOS) was determined by immunoblotting. Intracellular NO production in HUVECs and Ca2+ level in both HUVECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from rat mesenteric arteries were assessed by fluorescence imaging.Key ResultsNuciferine induced relaxations in arterial segments pre‐contracted by KCl or phenylephrine. Nuciferine‐elicited arterial relaxations were reduced by removal of endothelium or by pretreatment with the eNOS inhibitor L‐NAME or the NO‐sensitive guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ. In HUVECs, the phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1177 and increase in cytosolic NO level induced by nuciferine were mediated by extracellular Ca2+ influx. Under endothelium‐free conditions, nuciferine attenuated CaCl2‐induced contraction in Ca2+‐free depolarizing medium. In the absence of extracellular calcium, nuciferine relieved the vasoconstriction induced by phenylephrine and the addition of CaCl2. Nuciferine also suppressed Ca2+ influx in Ca2+‐free K+‐containing solution in VSMCs.Conclusions and ImplicationsNuciferine has a vasorelaxant effect via both endothelium‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms. These results suggest that nuciferine may have a therapeutic effect on vascular diseases associated with aberrant vasoconstriction.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Chinese Innovation in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-23
The response of a basin‐scale Miocene barrier reef system to long‐term, strong subsidence on a passive continental margin, Barcoo Sub‐basin, Australian North West Shelf
Authors: Rosleff‐Soerensen Beke , Reuning Lars , Back Stefan , Kukla Peter A. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Miocene sedimentary succession of the southern Browse Basin records the response of a tropical reef system to long‐term, strong subsidence on a passive continental margin. Geological interpretation of a comprehensive two‐dimensional (2D) seismic reflectivity data set documents for the first time the development of a continuous Miocene barrier reef on the Australian North West Shelf. With a length of over 250 km, this barrier reef is among the Earth's largest in the Neogene record. A sequence stratigraphic analysis tied to well data shows that the main controls for the evolution, growth and demise of the reef system were subsidence, third‐order global‐scale eustatic variations and antecedent topography. The generally very high Miocene subsidence rates estimated for the study area cannot be explained by typical passive‐margin subsidence controlled by lithospheric cooling and sedimentary loading alone. Additional dynamic subsidence induced by mantle convection, though documented as unusually large on the northern margin of Australia during the Neogene, can be also regarded as being of only minor importance. Therefore, accelerated tectonic subsidence related to the collision of the Australian and Eurasian Plates 250–500 km north of the study area seems to exert an important influence on reef development and demise, complicated by local tectonic inversion. The Miocene tectonic reactivation and inversion of an older structural grain is interpreted to have controlled the reef development considerably by providing localized topographic highs along transpressional anticlines above basement‐rooted faults that served as preferential sites for reef growth and retreat during times of rapidly rising sea level. This exemplarily shows that the far‐field effects of collision‐induced tectonic subsidence can significantly influence carbonate systems on passive margins.
In Control or Fatalistically Ruled? The Sense of Mastery among Working Canadians
Authors: Schieman Scott , Narisada Atsushi 
Published: November 2014

Using data from a 2011 nationally representative sample of Canadian workers (N = 5,576), the present study evaluates the social–structural determinants of the sense of mastery. Three main contributions emerge. First, we document that each of the main components of socioeconomic status—education, income, occupation, and economic hardship—have distinct total, indirect, and net associations with mastery. The well‐educated report more mastery because of their higher earnings—but exposure to more role blurring and work–family conflict offset what would otherwise be their even higher levels of mastery. Second, job‐related demands and resources have largely independent associations with mastery, but our analyses also reveal some key areas of overlap. Third, role‐blurring activities—and their connections with work‐to‐family conflict and family‐to‐work conflict—offer unique expansions to the overall narrative of mastery, with unexpected explanatory and suppression effects. We interpret each of these observations in an effort to advance recent theoretical perspectives about mastery.À partir de données recueillies en 2011 auprès d'un échantillon représentatif national de travailleurs canadiens (n = 5,576), cette étude examine les déterminants sociostructurels de la maitrise de soi. Trois principales contributions découlent de cette étude. Premièrement, chaque composante du statut socioéconomique, soit l’éducation, le revenu, la profession de même que la précarité économique, a une association distincte et indirecte avec la maitrise de soi. Par exemple, les travailleurs instruits ressentent un plus grand sentiment de maitrise de soi dû à leur revenu supérieur. Toutefois, l'ambigüité de rôle et le conflit travail‐famille, plus fréquents chez ces derniers, atténuent cette relation. Deuxièmement, les demandes et les ressources liées au travail sont indirectement associées avec la maitrise de soi. Cependant, nos analyses démontrent que certains secteurs importants se chevauchent. Troisièmement, les liens entre les secteurs d'activités pour lesquelles il y a ambigüité de rôle et les conflits travail‐famille et les conflits famille‐travail permettent de mieux comprendre le concept de maitrise de soi chez les travailleurs canadiens. Nos analyses démontrent des effets inattendus explicatifs et de suppression. Nous interprétons chacune des ces observations en vue de faire avancer les perspectives théoriques récentes en ce qui a trait à la maitrise de soi.
Life history consequences of larval foraging depth differ between two competingAnopheles mosquitoes
Authors: GIMONNEAU GEOFFREY , BAYIBEKI ALBERT N. , BALDET THIERRY , AWONO‐AMBENE PARFAIT H. , SIMARD FRÉDÉRIC 
Published: November 2014

1. Anopheline larvae are surface feeders and allocate most of their time to search for food at the water surface. However, species of theAnopheles gambiaeGiles complex may also show bottom feeding. The consequences of this foraging tactic for life history are unknown, yet may be relevant to understand inter‐specific competition patterns.2. The diving ability and activity of larvae of the mainAfrican malaria vectors,An. coluzziiandAn. gambiae, at two different water depths (14 and 30 cm) were assessed. We further explored the biological relevance of diving for food harvesting by monitoring key life history traits in two species treatments (single or mixed species) and two food treatments (surface or bottom feeding).3. Overall,An. coluzziilarvae showed more diving activity thanAn. gambiae. When feeding at the bottom both species, and especiallyAn. gambiae, showed a delayed emergence and a reduced emergence rate. Moreover,An. gambiaealso suffered a reduced wing length.4. Mixed‐species rearing had a detrimental effect on the life history traits ofAn. gambiaebut not onAn. coluzzii, suggesting a competitive advantage for the latter in our experimental conditions.5. The present results confirm that anopheline larvae are able to forage for food at the bottom of their breeding site and thatAn. coluzziishows a superior diving activity thanAn. gambiaeand this at a lower cost. These behavioural differences probably reflect specific adaptations to different aquatic habitats, and may be important in shaping species distributions and the population biology of these important vector mosquitoes.
Relationship between urodynamic findings and sexual function in multiple sclerosis patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction
Authors: Fragalà E. , Russo G. I. , Di Rosa A. , Giardina R. , Privitera S. , Favilla V. , Castelli T. , Chisari M. , Caramma A. , Patti F. , Cimino S. , Morgia G. 
Published: November 2014

Background and purposeSexual dysfunction (SD) is prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and affects quality of life. Furthermore, lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) is common in MS patients. Our aim was to determine the relationship between urodynamic findings and SD in a cohort of MS patients with LUTD.MethodsFrom January 2011 to September 2013, 135 consecutive patients with MS in remission phase and LUTD underwent a first urodynamic examination, according to the International Continence Society criteria. Neurological impairment was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale and SD was investigated with the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) or the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF‐15). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of female SD (FSFI < 26.55) or moderate−severe erectile dysfunction (ED) (IIEF‐EF ≤ 16), after adjusting for confounding factors including urodynamic findings.ResultsSubjects with maximum detrusor pressure during involuntary detrusor contraction (PdetmaxIDC) ≥20.0 cmH2O had lower IIEF‐EF, IIEF overall satisfaction (IIEF‐OS), FSFI‐Arousal, FSFI‐Lubrication and FSFI‐Orgasm. Subjects with maximum cystometric capacity (MCC) ≥135 ml had higher IIEF‐EF, intercourse satisfaction (IIEF‐IS), orgasmic function (IIEF‐OF), sexual desire (IIEF‐SD), FSFI‐Arousal, FSFI‐Lubrication, FSFI‐Orgasm, FSFI‐Satisfaction and FSFI‐Pain. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, PdetmaxIDC ≥20 cmH2O [odds ratio (OR) 6.7; P < 0.05] and MCC <135 ml (OR 6.80; P < 0.05) were predictors of moderate−severe ED. In a model including all previous variables, compliance ≤3 ml/cmH2O was an independent predictor of moderate−severe ED (OR 14.49; P < 0.01). No relationship was found between the previous variables and FSFI <26.55.ConclusionsNeurogenic bladder is associated with SD in MS patients. The presence of PdetmaxIDC ≥20 cmH2O, MCC <135 ml and compliance ≤3 ml/cmH2O may significantly predict the presence of moderate−severe ED.
Casein kinase 2 inhibits HomolD‐directed transcription by Rrn7 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Moreira‐Ramos Sandra , Rojas Diego A. , Montes Matías , Urbina Fabiola , Miralles Vicente J. , Maldonado Edio 
Published: November 2014

In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, ribosomal protein gene (RPG) promoters contain a TATA analogue element called the HomolD box. The HomolD‐binding protein Rrn7 forms a complex with the RNA polymerase II machinery. Despite the importance of ribosome biogenesis to cell survival, the mechanisms involved in the regulation of transcription of eukaryotic RPGs are unknown. In this study, we identified Rrn7 as a new substrate of the pleiotropic casein kinase 2 (CK2), which is a regulator of basal transcription. Recombinant Rrn7 from S. pombe, which is often used as a model organism for studying eukaryotic transcription, interacted with CK2 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, CK2‐mediated phosphorylation of Rrn7 inhibited its HomolD‐directed transcriptional activity and ability to bind to an oligonucleotide containing a HomolD box in vitro. Mutation of Rrn7 at Thr67 abolished these effects, indicating that this residue is a critical CK2 phosphorylation site. Finally, Rrn7 interacted with the regulatory subunit of CK2 in vivo, inhibition of CK2 in vivo potentiated ribosomal protein gene transcription, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses identified that the catalytic subunit of CK2 was associated with the rpk5 gene promoter in S. pombe. Taken together, these data suggest that CK2 inhibits ribosomal protein gene transcription in S. pombe via phosphorylation of Rrn7 at Thr67.
Maintaining Inequality Despite Expansion: Evidence of the Link between Parents' Education and Qualitative Differences in Educational Attainment
Authors: Chesters Jenny 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe restructuring of the Australian labour market decreased demand for low‐skilled workers and increased demand for highly skilled workers and professionals further strengthening the relationship between educational and occupational attainment. To satisfy the demand for highly educated workers, the government reorganised the higher education sector increasing the number of universities and trebling the number of places for domestic undergraduate students. Analysing data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey, this paper examines the association between parents' education and the likelihood of graduating from university for six birth cohorts of Australians. Overall, the findings suggest that although the expansion of the higher education sector in Australia provided alternative pathways into university, differences in educational attainment, on both quantitative and qualitative dimensions, persist.