bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eculizumab in Transplant-Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Authors: Dhakal Prajwal , Giri Smith , Pathak Ranjan , Bhatt Vijaya Raj 
Published: August 2015

Introduction: Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a rare entity with no standard of care and high mortality, despite the use of plasma exchange. Methods: Using specific search terms, all cases having TA-TMA treated with eculizumab and indexed in MEDLINE (English language only) by November 2014 were reviewed. Results: A total of 26 cases, 53% men, had a median age of 33 years (range 2-61). Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy occurred after stem-cell transplant (35%) or solid-organ transplant (65%), frequently associated with the use of cyclosporine or tacrolimus (96%). A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS 13) level was always >10%. After TA-TMA diagnosis, the following drug adjustments were made: discontinuation of cyclosporine or tacrolimus in 45%, dose reduction in another 27%, continuation of the drugs in 23%, and switch from cyclosporine to tacrolimus in remaining 5%. Plasma exchange was performed in ∼43%. The median interval between transplant and initiation of eculizumab was 63 days (range 11-512). A median of 5.5 doses (range 2-21) of eculizumab was utilized with 92% response occurring after a median of 2 doses (range 1-18). At a median follow-up of 52 weeks (range 3-113), the survivors (92%) were doing well. Conclusion: Within the limits of this retrospective analysis, our study demonstrates that eculizumab use may result in high response rate and 1-year survival in patients with TA-TMA refractory to discontinuation of calcineurin inhibitor and plasma exchange.
A Comparison of Women’s Collegiate and Girls’ High School Volleyball Injury Data Collected Prospectively Over a 4-Year Period
Authors: Reeser Jonathan C. , Gregory Andrew , Berg Richard L. , Comstock R. Dawn 
Published: August 2015

Background: There is a relative paucity of research examining the sport-specific injury epidemiology of high school and collegiate volleyball athletes. Moreover, differences in study methodology frequently limit our ability to compare and contrast injury data collected from selected populations. Hypothesis: There are differences between the injury patterns characteristic of high school and collegiate female volleyball athletes. Study Design: Retrospective clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: We statistically analyzed injury incidence and outcome data collected over a 4-year interval (2005-2006 to 2008-2009) by 2 similar injury surveillance systems, the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s Injury Surveillance System (NCAA ISS) and the High School Reporting Injuries Online (HS RIO). We compared diagnoses, anatomic distribution of injuries, mechanisms of injury, and time lost from training or competition between high school and collegiate volleyball athletes. Results: The overall volleyball-related injury rate was significantly greater among collegiate athletes than among high school athletes during both competition (injury rate ratio, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.5-3.4) and practice (injury rate ratio, 3.5; 95% CI, 3.1-3.9). Collegiate athletes had a higher rate of ankle sprain, knee injury, and shoulder injury. Concussions represented a relatively high percentage of injuries in both populations (5.0% of total NCAA ISS injuries vs 4.8% of total HS RIO injuries, respectively). Conclusion: The data suggest that although similar, there were distinct differences between the injury patterns of the 2 populations. Compared with high school volleyball players, collegiate athletes have a higher rate of acute time loss injury as well as overuse time loss injury (particularly patellar tendinosis). Concussions represented a significant and worrisome component of the injury pattern for both study populations. Clinical Relevance: The injury data suggest that important differences exist in the injury patterns of female high school compared with collegiate volleyball athletes. Consideration of the specific injury patterns may be helpful in future prevention efforts.
Rational Clinical Experiment: Assessing Prior Probability and Its Impact on the Success of Phase II Clinical Trials
Authors: Halperin Daniel M. , Lee J. Jack , Dagohoy Cecile Gonzales , Yao James C. 
Published: August 2015

Purpose Despite a robust clinical trial enterprise and encouraging phase II results, the vast minority of oncologic drugs in development receive regulatory approval. In addition, clinicians occasionally make therapeutic decisions based on phase II data. Therefore, clinicians, investigators, and regulatory agencies require improved understanding of the implications of positive phase II studies. We hypothesized that prior probability of eventual drug approval was significantly different across GI cancers, with substantial ramifications for the predictive value of phase II studies. Methods We conducted a systematic search of phase II studies conducted between 1999 and 2004 and compared studies against US Food and Drug Administration and National Cancer Institute databases of approved indications for drugs tested in those studies. Results In all, 317 phase II trials were identified and followed for a median of 12.5 years. Following completion of phase III studies, eventual new drug application approval rates varied from 0% (zero of 45) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma to 34.8% (24 of 69) for colon adenocarcinoma. The proportion of drugs eventually approved was correlated with the disease under study (P < .001). The median type I error for all published trials was 0.05, and the median type II error was 0.1, with minimal variation. By using the observed median type I error for each disease, phase II studies have positive predictive values ranging from less than 1% to 90%, depending on primary site of the cancer. Conclusion Phase II trials in different GI malignancies have distinct prior probabilities of drug approval, yielding quantitatively and qualitatively different predictive values with similar statistical designs. Incorporation of prior probability into trial design may allow for more effective design and interpretation of phase II studies.
Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of the Ligand Coupling Reaction of Hypervalent Pentacoordinate Antimony Compounds
Authors: Kobayashi Masato , Kuroda Yusuke , Akiba Kin-ya , Taketsugu Tetsuya 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The ligand coupling reaction (LCR) of hypervalent pentacoordinate antimony compounds (ArnTol5−nSb; Ar = p-trifluoromethylphenyl, Tol = p-methylphenyl; n = 0–5) was analyzed via the long-range-corrected density functional theory. Although previous experimental or computational investigations have suggested apical–apical or equatorial–equatorial coupling of ArnTol5−nSb compounds, the present results lead to apical–equatorial coupling. The biased experimental ratios of the coupling products, which were grounds for apical–apical coupling, can be explained by the stability of the transition-state (TS) structure for the apical–equatorial coupling, where n–π* interaction plays an important role to the stabilization. We further investigated the potential energy surface of H5Sb, for which the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) from the TS structure for LCR indicates the equatorial–equatorial coupling. It is found that the valley-ridge transition occurs along the IRC near the TS structure and the transverse vibrational mode with imaginary frequency, orthogonal to the IRC, directs to the reactant structure corresponding to the apical–equatorial coupling.
Recursos para la inclusión educativa en el contexto de educación primaria
Authors: Valenzuela Blanca Aurelia , Campa Álvarez Reyna De los Ángeles , Guillén Lúgigo Manuela 
Published: August 2015

<p>El propósito la presente investigación es identificar los requisitos y recursos necesarios para la atención a la diversidad e inclusión educativa en el contexto de educación primaria. Se realizó un estudio mixto (cuantitativo y cualitativo). La muestra se constituyó por 178 profesores de educación primaria pertenecientes al Estado de Sonora, México. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron en el programa estadístico SPSS versión 21.00 y el programa Atlas ti. Los resultados indican que los profesores presentan una actitud favorable, los tipos de inclusión propuestos son mediante la impartición de clases de un profesor capacitado en el aula ordinaria y el apoyo de especialistas. Para la implementación se requiere contar con recursos materiales, personales, metodología apropiada, organización y planificación. Se propone un esquema general de la inclusión educativa.</p><p> </p>
Price – Strategic Instrument of EU Market Intervention. Case Study Seurop System
Authors: Rotaru Mihaela 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In 29 October 1975 Council Regulation of European Economic Community (EEC) provided the common organization of the pig meat market. In 1984, EEC considered it necessary to lay down general rules ensuring uniform grading of pig carcasses. The main objective of this paper is to describe how pig carcass classification implemented by EU legislation has become a core strategic competition between manufacturers. In the European Commission the carcass classification system is assimilated as an instrument of intervention. This guarantees the agricultural community a decent life. The classification and payment system promoted by EU producers ensure greater transparency of the market, providing to the economic agents involved in the sector quick access to information on evolution of prices in different markets.
Bioactivity of toothpaste containing bioactive glass in remineralizing media: effect of fluoride release from the enzymatic cleavage of monofluorophosphate.
Authors: Maçon Anthony L. B. , Valliant Esther M. , Earl Jonathan S. , Jones Julian R. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectives. The aim was to introduce a new methodology to characterize toothpaste containing bioactive glass and to evaluate the effect of release of fluoride ions, by cleaving monofluorophosphate (MFP), on the mineral forming ability of Sensodyne Repair & Protect (SRP). which contains NovaMinTM (bioactive glass, 45S5 composition).Methods. SRP, NovaMin particles, and placebo paste (PLA) which did not contain NovaMin, were immersed into a remineralization media (RS), which mimics the ionic strength of human saliva, for 3 days with different concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP): 0, 25 and 75 U.LResults. Hydroxyapatite (HA) formed on the surface of BG alone (after 1 h) and in toothpaste (after 2 h), whereas PLA did not induce any precipitation. ALP cleaved MFP at different rates depending on the enzyme concentration. Increasing the concentration of ALP from 0 and 75 U.L
Stochastic Thermal Post Buckling Response of
Elastically Supported Laminated Piezoelectric
Composite Plate Using Micromechanical approach
Authors: Lal Achchhe , Kulkarni Nikhil M. , Singh B.N. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In this paper, second order statistics of thermally
induced post buckling response of elastically supported
piezoelectric laminated composite plate using micromechanical
approach is examined. A Co finite element has
been used for deriving eigenvalue problem using higher
order shear deformation theory (HSDT) with von-Karman
nonlinearity. The uncertain system properties such as material
properties of fiber and matrix of composite and
piezoelectric, fiber volume fraction, plate thickness, lamination
angle and foundation are modeled as random variables.
The temperature field considered to be uniform temperature
distributions through the plate thickness. A direct
iterative based nonlinear finite element method combined
with mean-centered second order perturbation technique
(SOPT) is used to find the mean and coefficient of
variance of the post buckling temperature. The effects of
volume fraction, fiber orientation, and length to thickness
ratio, aspect ratios, foundation parameters, position and
number of piezoelectric layers, amplitude and boundary
conditions with random system properties on the critical
temperature are analysed. It is found that small amount
of variations of uncertain system parameters of the composite
plate significantly affect the initial and post buckling
temperature of laminated composite plate. The results
have been validated with independent Monte Carlo simulation
(MCS) and those available in literature.
Two-level Cretan matrices constructed using
SBIBD
Authors: Balonin N. A. , Seberry Jennifer 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Two-level Cretan matrices are orthogonal matrices with two elements, x and y. At least one element
per row and column is 1 and the other element has modulus ≤ 1. These have been studied in the Russian
literature for applications in image processing and compression. Cretan matrices have been found by both
mathematical and computational methods but this paper concentrates on mathematical solutions for the first
time.

We give, for the first time, families of Cretan matrices constructed using the incidence matrix of a symmetric
balanced incomplete block design and Hadamard related difference sets.
A Hadamard product involving
inverse-positive matrices
Authors: Gassó Maria T. , Torregrosa Juan R. , Abad Manuel F. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In this paperwe study the Hadamard product of inverse-positive matrices.We observe that this class
of matrices is not closed under the Hadamard product, but we show that for a particular sign pattern of the
inverse-positive matrices A and B, the Hadamard product A ◦ B−1 is again an inverse-positive matrix.
Medicolegal Problems of Elopement from Psychiatric Units
Authors: Molnar G , Keitner L , Swindall L 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Elopements from psychiatric units are a frequent but usually low-grade risk. However, they are sometimes followed by harmful consequences, for which the psychiatrist and the hospital may be held liable. We describe management methods developed to reduce such liability. These include a structured observation system and procedures to return elopers to the hospital or to refer them for community-based treatment. Data on 105 elopers and 360 controls were gathered and analyzed. Acceptance of some risk of elopement is inevitable on wards that follow the principle of treatment in the “least restrictive alternative.”
Postmortem Redistribution of Digoxin in Rats
Authors: Koren G , MacLeod SM 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Adult male Wistar rats were treated with either 0.1 or 3 mg/kg body weight · day of digoxin for five days, then killed and stored at 4°C for 12 h in an attempt to mimic the normal preautopsy procedures in our hospital. In rats treated with 0.1 mg/kg body weight · day, the antemortem serum digoxin concentrations (SDC) were 1.1 ± 0.4 ng/mL while the 12-h postmortem concentration was markedly increased (16.3 ± 5.9 ng/mL) (P &lt; 0.01). In rats treated with 3 mg/kg body weight · day, SDC was not changed significantly (11.2 ± 4.8 ng/mL antemortem and 13.3 ± 6 ng/mL postmortem). Postmortem redistribution of digoxin was assessed by injection of 125I-labelled digoxin with or without pretreatment with the unlabelled drug. The results indicate that after death passive redistribution of digoxin may take place. When the SDC are within the therapeutic or low toxic range, digoxin may reenter the blood. High antemortem serum concentrations of digoxin may prevent such passive redistribution. Therefore, antemortem digoxin intoxication cannot be reliably inferred on the basis of high postmortem levels of the drug. Digoxin intoxication can be ruled out when postmortem SDC remain within the therapeutic range. The above changes cast doubt on some of the forensic and cardiologic literature, which has in the past been based on incorrect assumptions concerning postmortem behavior of digoxin.
Methanol Intoxication: Distribution in Postmortem Tissues and Fluids Including Vitreous Humor
Authors: Wu Chen NB , Donoghue ER , Schaffer MI 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A 44-year-old man was found unconscious beneath an elevated rapid transit right-of-way. On admission to the emergency room, the patient was comatose in metabolic acidosis with high anion and osmolal gaps. The serum methanol was 583 mg/dL. The serum ethanol and ethylene glycol were negative. The patient was treated with ethanol, bicarbonate, and hemodialysis. He expired 40 h after admission. The postmortem methanol concentrations in body fluids were as follows: bile 175 mg/dL, vitreous humor 173 mg/dL, and blood 142 mg/dL. Urine was not available for analysis. Postmortem methanol concentrations in body tissues are given in decreasing order: brain 159 mg/100 g, kidney 130 mg/100 g, lung 127 mg/100 g, spleen 125 mg/100 g, skeletal muscle 112 mg/100 g, pancreas 109 mg/100 g, liver 107 mg/100 g, and heart 93 mg/100 g. The total amount of methanol in the gastric contents was 73 mg. Methanol determinations were performed on a Hewlett-Packard 5840A gas chromatograph with flame ionization detection using a glass column packed with 0.2% Carbowax 1500 on Carbopack C. The internal standard used was n-propyl alcohol.
Cocaine-Induced Psychosis and Sudden Death in Recreational Cocaine Users
Authors: Wetli CV , Fishbain DA 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Fatal cocaine intoxication presenting as an excited delirium is described in seven recreational cocaine users. Symptoms began with the acute onset of an intense paranoia, followed by bizarre and violent behavior necessitating forcible restraint. The symptoms were frequently accompanied by unexpected strength and hyperthermia. Fatal respiratory collapse occurred suddenly and without warning, generally within a few minutes to an hour after the victim was restrained. Five of the seven died while in police custody. Blood concentration of cocaine averaged 0.6 mg/L, about ten times lower than that seen in fatal cocaine overdoses. Police, rescue personnel, and emergency room physicians should be aware that excited delirium may be the result of a potentially fatal cocaine intoxication; its appearance should prompt immediate transport of the victim to a medical facility. Continuous monitoring, administration of appropriate cocaine antagonists, and respiratory support will hopefully avert a fatal outcome.
Pyrolysis Capillary Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Automotive Paints
Authors: McMinn DG , Carlson TL , Munson TO 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Pyrolysis capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to analyze automotive paints. The mass spectral data from the entire chromatogram of a given paint was combined using an INCOS 2000 data system. This composite spectrum, after subtraction of background, was then stored in a library. Tentative identification of an unknown was effected by using the pattern recognition algorithm of the data system to search the library for the best comparison to the composite mass spectrum of the unknown. Although only a small portion of the samples from the FBI National Automotive Paint File was used, results showed good discrimination when a combination of the mass spectral and chromatographic data was utilized. Preparation of a searchable data base with the potential for widespread use is demonstrated.
Cardiovascular Abnormalities in Children: A Ten-Year Forensic Pathologic Study
Authors: Rajs J 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In order to obtain information on types, incidence, and significance of cardiovascular abnormalities in children, a total of 104 consecutive medicolegal autopsies of children aged 8 days to 16 years during a 10-year period from May 1974 to April 1984 were studied. Extensive histological examination of the hearts was performed in 92 out of 104 cases and complemented with chemical and microbiological analyses. In the natural death group consisting of 53 children, 26 (49%) showed abnormalities: 7 (13%) malformations, 11 (21%) cardiomyopathies, 5 (9%) idiopathic subaortic hypertrophy, and 3 (7%) a heart weight only 50% of the expected weight. In the violent death (“control”) group, abnormalities were found in 8 of 39 cases (21%), all of which were cardiomyopathy. Only 5 of 34 cardiovascular abnormalities (every 7th case), all complex malformations, were clinically recognized. In 14 (15%) of the total 92 examined cases the cardiovascular abnormality was the only apparent cause of death, and in 12 (13%) a contributing cause of sudden unexpected natural death, while in 3 (3%) it was related to a fatal accidental injury. In 5 (13%) of the 39 cases of violent death, cardiomyopathy was an incidental finding without any connection to the circumstances or cause of death. The causes of cardiovascular abnormalities were associated with bacterial and viral infections, respiratory disorders, phenytoin sensitivity, or were unknown. Because of the differences in diagnostic criteria employed by previous investigators, it cannot be determined whether the incidence of the cardiovascular abnormalities and sudden cardiac death in children found in this material was higher than in other studies.
Technical Shortcomings of Doppler Traffic Radar
Authors: Goodson ME 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Doppler radar is widely accepted as a tool that can be used to decrease the prevalence of vehicle speeding. While Doppler radar is based upon scientific principles, it still suffers from very real problems that can lead to the arrest of innocent persons. The theory of operation of Doppler radar are explained, and the causes for errors in measurement are explained. Suggested improvements are listed that would help to eliminate many of the present inaccuracies in Doppler radar.
Sudden Infant Death with Periventricular Leukomalacia
Authors: Allen TB 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a form of cerebral infarction occurring in neonates, particularly in low-weight and premature infants. PVL is well-known to neonatologists, but generally considered nonfatal. Many infants with PVL die in the hospital with multiple medical problems. Those infants with PVL who survive because of intensive care will have serious motor and sensory deficits, but these problems are rarely recognized before one year of age. When infants with PVL die at home, death seems sudden and unexpected. However, it is important to distinguish death caused by PVL from the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome because the implications for the family are quite different. This case report emphasizes that PVL may be fatal.
Forensic Science Aspects of Fatal Sexual Assaults on Women
Authors: Deming JE , Mittleman RE , Wetli CV 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The case files of 41 female victims of proven fatal sexual assault were reviewed. They averaged 42 years of age, but a bimodal age distribution was evident. Younger victims (averaging 31 years of age) were most often found in canals, fields, or vacant lots, whereas older women (averaging 51 years of age) were found most often in their residences. Death usually resulted from mechanical asphyxiation, and the use of firearms was infrequent. Various instruments used to harm, restrain, or kill the victim were most often obtained at the scene of death and reflected the emotionality and impulsivity of the incident. Alcohol was found in the blood of 40% of the victims and averaged 0.14%. Ligature bindings, torn clothing, varying degrees of disrobing, and bite marks were not infrequent. The average yearly incidence of fatal sexual assaults on females is calculated to be 0.14/100 000 population in Dade County, FL and has not changed appreciably since 1959. Thus, death resulting from sexual assault was found to be distinctly unusual. Black victims were represented more frequently than their racial distribution in this community. The scene and autopsy findings of the average female sexual assault victim form a characteristic profile that should direct further investigation on a particular case.