bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dexmedetomidine versus Propofol for Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Leazenby Jinah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Propofol has been used as part of balanced anesthetic in cardiovascular surgery patients. Dexmedetomidine is newer agent with multiple benefits and may be superior than propofol.
Literature review: Both dexmedetomidine and propofol do not significantly decrease cerebral tissue oxygenation and deemed to be neuroprotective. Both agents had same pressor requirement, but lower percentage of hemodynamic fluctuation seen with dexmedetomidine. Shorter length of stay and length of mechanical ventilation in dexmedetomidine group. Both agents were not shown to reduce atrial fibrillation, but dexmedetomidine was shown to reduce ventricular tachycardia while propofol did not. Systemic review of 56 studies showed that dexmedetomidine may be superior agent in reducing post op delirium among other agents such as propofol, opioids, midazolam, and ketamine. Intraoperative opioid and anesthetic requirement were lower in dexmedetomidine group.
Description of case: 68-year-old male with history of CAD, GERD, T2DM, OSA, and angina undergoing CABGX3. Cath report showed 3 vessel disease with normal EF and other preop vital signs were normal. Patient underwent induction without any issues and was started on dexmedetomidine drip at 0.3mcg/kg/min. This infusion was titrated during the procedure ranging from 0.1-0.7mcg/kg/min. Case totals for the case were crystalloids 2L, UOP 1100mL, EBL 100ml, and 5 hours total of anesthesia time. After procedure ended, patient was transferred to ICU while ETT in placed with dexmedetomidine drip at 0.3mcg/kg/min and norepinephrine drip at 0.03mcg/kg/min. Patient was able to wake up, follow commands and successfully extubated 2 hours post op. Patient was discharged on POD 5 without complications.
Discussion and conclusion: The patient in this case report received dexmedetomidine infusion throughout the procedure as well as postoperatively. Patient maintained his cerebral oximetry > 50, did not suffer from arrythmia, his hemodynamic was stable, his ICU course was short, and patient was also extubated in 2 hours after arrival to the unit. In addition, patient did not suffer from post-operative delirium. Overall, the patient’s outcomes mirrored the literature review of dexmedetomidine. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine infusion during cardiac surgery may be superior to propofol infusion due to better prevention of ventricular arrythmia, hemodynamic stability, reducing length of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay, and prevention of postoperative delirium.
Keywords
Cardiopulmonary bypass, dexmedetomidine, propofol, arrhythmia, post-operative delirium, Cerebral regional tissue oxygen saturation, length of ICU stay, and length of mechanical ventilation
Evidence is Inconclusive that Forcedair Warming Devices Increase Surgical Site Contamination or Infection
Authors: Bonner, SRNA Ashley , Welliver, DNP, CRNA, ARNP Mark 
Published: August 2024

The greatest degree of heat loss in surgery is during the first hour after induction of general anesthesia. Intraoperative hypothermia poses great risks for the patients and their recovery. The use of forced air warming devices has been well studied and shown to maintain patient normothermia. There is concern that forced air warming disrupts operating room airflow and contaminates the sterile field leading to surgical site infections. A literature search was performed using Embase, Web of Science, Clinical Key and Nursing at Ovid Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).Five articles were found comparing the contamination risk of forced air warming with other warming technologies. The synthesis review found insufficient evidence to suggest delayed or discontinued use of forced air warming. The studies’ lack of data showing patient surgical site contamination and inability to conclude that the forced air warming devices actually caused surgical site infections due to intraoperative contamination do not support a change to clinical practice. As the greatest amount of patient heat loss is during the first hour of anesthesia, the use of forced air warming devices at this time is supported as opposed to delaying use due to unsupported concerns of surgical site contamination.
Rocuronium vs Succinylcholine: Emergency Airway Management of the COVID-19 Patient
Authors: Shores Ryan , Fowler Katherine , McDonough John , Suralis Amy , Scindele Denise , Müller-Wolff Tilman 
Published: August 2024

Tracheal Intubation is routinely performed in many settings. Anesthesia providers are experts in this procedure. Determination for the best possible approach for tracheal intubation include patient and provider specific considerations. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) infection has led to the COVID-19 pandemic. SARS CoV-2 is a highly contagious RNA virus that has caused widespread infections, severe respiratory disease, and deaths. The purpose of this article is to describe the airway management currently recommended in Germany as well as the United States, the multi-systems pathophysiologic complications of these patients, and review the need for minimum airway manipulation prior to intubation of the trachea. Further, this article discusses the pharmacologic options that are available for muscle relaxation during rapid sequence induction. A review of the literature was performed. Further, some authors of this article have actively participated in airway management of COVID-19 patients. Available literature and guidelines suggest that rapid sequence induction with minimal airway manipulation is superior to standard induction. The article suggests that appropriate doses of rocuronium with an option of sugammadex reversal is a safer and superior choice to succinylcholine.
PENGEMBANGAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN ANIMASI MOTION GRAPHIC UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN KONSEPTUAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Kolwatin Risma Dwi , Mansur Hamsi , Arrum Dalu Zaudah Cyly 
Published: August 2024

Pemanfaatan video animasi motion diyakini dapat membantu meningkatkan pengetahuan konseptual siswa karena terdiri dari gabungan teks, warna, grafik, gerakan dan narasi membuat animasi motion graphic dapat mencapai indikator pemahaman konseptual yang terdiri dari menafsirkan, memberikan contoh, mengklasifikasi, meringkas, menarik kesimpulan, membandingkan dan menjelaskan. Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah menghasilkan video pembelajaran animasi motion graphic pada materi tematik 8 kelas VI secara layak serta dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan konseptual siswa. Metode pengembangan menggunakan model 4D (four-d) dengan empat tahapan yaitu, define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), develop (pengembangan), disseminate (penyebaran). Dalam melihat kelayakan video pembelajaran digunakan angket sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menganalisis data kuantitatif yang diperoleh dari ahli materi dan media serta siswa. Sedangkan pada peningkatan pengetahuan konseptual, dilakukan pretest dan posttest kemudian dihitung menggunakan penilaian N-gain. Sehingga dapat diperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan konseptual siswa. Dengan demikian pengembangan video pembelajaran animasi motion graphic dikatakan layak dan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan konseptual siswa. Sekolah dapat memanfaatkan video pembelajaran animasi motion graphic untuk membantu meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa terhadap materi yang bersifat konseptual agar mudah diterima
PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN MEDIA ASSEMBLR EDU BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) DALAM PROSES MENGAJAR SISWA SMP NEGERI KAPUAS HILIR
Authors: Valentio Fernando , Salim Agus , Utama Agus Hadi 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi gambaran persepsi guru terhadap penggunaan media Assemblr EDU berbasis Augmented Reality untuk pembelajaran siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif tentang persepsi guru terhadap penggunaan aplikasi Assemblr EDU berbasis Augmented Reality di SMP Negeri Kapuas Hilir. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Kuisioner dan Wawancara Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 90% guru memiliki persepsi baik dan 10% guru memiliki persespi yang buruk terhadap penggunaan media Assemblr Edu berbasis AR untuk mengajar siswa. Ini menunjukan bahwa aplikasi Assemblr Edu berbasis AR dapat memberikan pengalaman mengajar yang menyenangkan, interaktif dan mudah digunakan oleh guru.
PENGEMBANGAN WEB BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI ONLINE PADA MAHASISWA JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI PENDIDIKAN FKIP ULM
Authors: Ridhoni Muhammad , Mastur Mastur , Ruchliyadi Dian Agus 
Published: August 2024

Era keterbukaan informasi saat ini, baik perusahaan maupun lembaga apapun memiliki kewajiban untuk menyebarluaskan informasi untuk semua kebijakan dan kegiatan badan publik. Di era digital saat ini, bentuk distribusi informasi digital membuat perolehan informasi lebih cepat, lebih efisien dan lebih efektif. Web menjadi situs yang terus berkembang dan sebagai perpustakaan informasi yang ada di mana- mana yang dapat diakses melalui mesin pencari dan portal. Web menjadi tempat penyimpanan media yang memfasilitasi hosting dan berbagi sumber daya yang sering kali gratis dan sebagai pendukung layanan do-it-yourself. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan media berbasis web untuk mendukung kegiatan bimbingan skripsi yang ada di teknologi pendidikan dan mengetahui kelayakan media nya agar dapat membantu dan bisa dimanfaatkan selama mungkin. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4D (four-D) dengan empat tahapan pengembangan, yaitu define, design, develop, dan dissemination. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi, kuisioner, dan dokumentasi, serta hasil respon wawancara para mahasiswa teknologi pendidikan. Hasil penelitian pengembangan menunjukkan bahwa media web mampu menopang kegiatan bimbingan skripsi yang ada di teknologi pendidikan.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ПОТОКІВ ВИПАРУВАННЯ ДЛЯ НЕБЕЗПЕЧНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ З НИЗЬКОЮ ЛЕТКІСТЮ НА ОСНОВІ КІНЕТИКИ ВИПАРУВАННЯ ЧИСТОЇ РІДИНИ
Authors: СПАСЬКА Олена 
Published: August 2024

Випаровування – це процес фазового переходу, який відіграє важливу роль у багатьох сферах життя і науки. Випаровування небезпечних матеріалів, пестицидів, розливів нафти тощо впливають на навколишнє середовище та біосферу. Прогнозування потоків випаровування в конкретних умовах навколишнього середовища є складним завданням з теоретичної та емпіричної точок зору. На основі наших експериментальних результатів і раніше опублікованих даних запропоновано новий практичний метод оцінювання потоків. Продемонстровано, що деякі параметри в теоретичних рівняннях для майже рівноважного випаровування можна оцінити з експериментів, і ці формули можуть бути використані для прогнозування стаціонарних потоків випаровування в повітрі в діапазоні величини восьми порядків на основі одного проведеного експерименту для нетоксичних летких сполук.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МОДИФІКАТОРА ДЛЯ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ МЕХАНІЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ЦЕЛЮЛОЗНИХ ВОЛОКОН
Authors: ТРЕМБУС Ірина , ГОНДОВСЬКА Анна 
Published: August 2024

Використання модифікатора з активними центрами дозволяє отримати нові біодеградабельні целюлозні полімери з покращеними механічними характеристиками. В якості модифікатора було використано суміш епіхлоргідрину та триетаноламіну за різної її витрати для оброблення сульфатних хвойних вибілених волокон. Показано вплив витрати модифікатора на показники міцності целюлози. Застосовано повний факторний експеримент в якості математичної обробки для визначення оптимальних умов модифікації целюлозного волокна.
Interventions to Mitigate the Impact of COVID-19 Among People Experiencing Sheltered Homelessness: Chicago, Illinois, March 1, 2020–May 11, 2023
Authors: Tietje Lauren , Ghinai Isaac , Cooper Antea , Tung Elizabeth L. , Borah Brian , Funk Michelle , Ramachandran Divya , Gerber Ben , Man Bernice , Singer Rebecca , Bell Elizabeth , Moss Angela , Weidemiller Andrew , Chaudhry Mehreen , Lendacki Frances , Bernard Rachel , Gretsch Stephanie , English Kayla , Huggett Thomas D. , Tornabene Mary , Cool Caroline , Detmer Wayne M. , Schroeter Mary Kate , Mayer Stockton , Davis Elizabeth , Boegner Josh , Glenn Erik Elias , Phillips Gregory , Falck Suzanne , Barranco Lindsay , Toews Karrie-Ann 
Published: August 2024

Objectives. To compare the incidence, case-hospitalization rates, and vaccination rates of COVID-19 between people experiencing sheltered homelessness (PESH) and the broader community in Chicago, Illinois, and describe the impact of a whole community approach to disease mitigation during the public health emergency. Methods. Incidence of COVID-19 among PESH was compared with community-wide incidence using case-based surveillance data from March 1, 2020, to May 11, 2023. Seven-day rolling means of COVID-19 incidence were assessed for the overall study period and for each of 6 distinct waves of COVID-19 transmission. Results. A total of 774 009 cases of COVID-19 were detected: 2579 among PESH and 771 430 in the broader community. Incidence and hospitalization rates per 100 000 in PESH were more than 5 times higher (99.84 vs 13.94 and 16.88 vs 2.14) than the community at large in wave 1 (March 1, 2020–October 3, 2020). This difference decreased through wave 3 (March 7, 2021–June 26, 2021), with PESH having a lower incidence rate per 100 000 than the wider community (8.02 vs 13.03). Incidence and hospitalization of PESH rose again to rates higher than the broader community in waves 4 through 6 but never returned to wave 1 levels. Throughout the study period, COVID-19 incidence among PESH was 2.88 times higher than that of the community (70.90 vs 24.65), and hospitalization was 4.56 times higher among PESH (7.51 vs 1.65). Conclusions. Our findings suggest that whole-community approaches can minimize disparities in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission between vulnerable populations and the broader community, and reinforce the benefits of a shared approach that include multiple partners when addressing public health emergencies in special populations. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S7):S590–S598. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307801 )
Enhancement of Rheological Properties of Nano-Fe2O3-Modified Drilling Fluids
Authors: Mahamadou Abdoulaye Seyni , Jun Gu 
Published: August 2024

Summary
In this study, we explore the potential of using nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance the properties of water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs). Specifically, we investigate the effects of nano-Fe2O3 on the rheological behavior of drilling fluid muds under high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) conditions to determine the optimal concentration of Fe2O3 NPs to maintain consistent rheology and improve drilling fluid systems. Results show that as temperature increases, the rheological properties of water-based muds (WBMs) decrease, leading to compromised structural integrity. To address this issue, nano-Fe2O3 is introduced into the system. We prepared and evaluated six WBM formulations with varying weight percentages of Fe2O3 NPs, and found that an optimal NP concentration of 2.5 g wt% resulted in a 13.8% reduction in American Petroleum Institute (API) filtrate volume and a 40% reduction in filter-cake thickness. Under conditions of 300°F temperature and 10,000 psi pressure, consistent reductions were observed in the rheological properties of plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP), and gel strength with the addition of Fe2O3 NPs. The YP-PV span was measured at 2.7, and the yield strength was determined to be 11 lb/100 ft2. Regarding fluid loss, Drilling Mudcake A containing 0.5 wt% NPs experienced a loss of 6 mL of fluid after 30 minutes, whereas Mudcake E containing 3 wt% NPs exhibited a fluid loss of 5.1 mL in the API filter press test. According to the Bingham plastic model, Muds E and F, containing 2.5 wt% and 3 wt% NPs, respectively, displayed the maximum shear stress vs. shear rate. This highlights the efficacy of nano-Fe2O3 in adjusting the properties of drilling fluids, presenting opportunities for enhanced performance and efficiency in drilling operations.
Differential DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes from Patients with and without a History of Clozapine-Induced Myocarditis.
Authors: Bousman Chad , Marques Diogo , Spíndola Letícia , Narang Ankita , Vaziri Nazanin , Stavrum Anne-Kristin , Jayaram Mahesh , Thomas Naveen , Kobor Michael , Pantelis Christos , Hellard Stephanie Le , Hemberger Myriam , Dean Wendy , Greenway Steven C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Clozapine is an effective antipsychotic medication for the management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, the use of clozapine is limited due to severe and sometimes fatal adverse events, including cardiac inflammation (myocarditis). To date, studies of clozapine dosing and genetic studies have not identified robust risk markers. Our study aimed to identify potential epigenetic markers for clozapine-induced myocarditis using genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation and RNA sequencing in a novel in vitro model using patient-derived cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients with (case) and without (control) a history of clozapine-induced myocarditis were differentiated into beating cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). These cells were exposed to clozapine at a physiologically relevant concentration (2.8 µM) for 24 hours. Before and after clozapine treatment, RNA from the iPSC-CMs was sequenced (RNA-seq), and DNA was assessed for methylation using the EPIC array. Our analysis revealed that hypermethylation at the promoter regions of GSTM1 and ZNF559 are associated with reduced gene expression in cases relative to controls. Additionally, hypermethylation in the gene bodies of AKAP7 and HLA-DRB1 was associated with increased expression in cases relative to controls. Conversely, hypomethylation in the gene bodies of GAL3ST3 and PDPR correlated with lowered gene expression in cases relative to controls. These findings highlight a potential involvement of DNA methylation in gene expression regulation and its putative impact on clozapine-induced myocarditis. Additional studies are warranted to validate our findings and further elucidate a potential mechanism.
Synthesis and modification of waterborne polyurethane derived from hybrid CO2-based polyols
Authors: Chen Yueqing , Huang Zhenhong , Chen Haijian , Ai Jiaoyan , Song Lina , Liu Baohua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Waterborne polyurethanes emulsions (WPU) based on polyethylene carbonate diol (PECD) were synthesized, characterized and modificated by polypropylene carbonate diol (PPCD) and organosilicon KH-792. The mechanical, thermal and hydrolysis resistance properties of waterborne polyurethanes were comprehensively investigated. The results show that PECD based WPU has very excellent mechanical properties. The tensile strength and the elongation at break the PU was up to 73 MPa and 1040%, which was much higher than that reported for similar types of PPCD-based WPU. It was found that water absorption of PECD based WPU can be decreased dramatically, from 40.9% to 21.1%, after 50% PECD was replaced by PPCD, while tensile strength only decreased from 73.0 MPa to 63.4 MPa. The addition of KH-792 has great influence on PECD based WPU, when 1% KH-792 was added, the water absorption rate decreased from 21.1% to 11.88%, the mechanical strength remains at 63.3 MPa, the WPU film still kept transparence after soaking in 80 ℃ hot water for 4 h.
From farm to table: Assessing the status and health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in rice in Henan province
Authors: Yan Yumeng , Mao Zhenxing , Wang Xinlu , Chen Zhiwei , Ma Cuicui , Wei Dandan , Yan Wenjing , Wu Xueyan , Guo Yao , Xu Haoran , Han Guozhen , Han Erbao , Lou Huilin , Chen Taimeng , Huo Wenqian , Wang Chongjian , Huang Shan , Zeng Xin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In recent years, industrial and agricultural advancements in Henan Province have increased heavy metal contamination in rice, raising public concerns. This study investigated heavy metal levels in rice from Henan Province and evaluated potential health risks. A total of 6,632 rice samples were collected from 18 regions between 2020 and 2022. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), we analyzed samples for cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and inorganic arsenic (As). Detection rates were compared using the chi-square test, and health risks were assessed per USEPA guidelines. Detection rates for Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, and As were 27.69%, 22.57%, 2.25%, 1.95%, and 99.59%, respectively. Cd levels were significantly higher in urban areas (30.42%) than rural areas (23.13%) (P < 0.001), with regional variations for Cd, Cr, and Pb (P < 0.001). The Hazard Quotient (HQ) for inorganic As exceeded 1. Heavy metal contamination was more prevalent in urban areas, especially in the central region, posing health risks due to elevated inorganic arsenic levels.
Semicoupled and fully coupled numerical models for morphodynamic flow simulation in river with irregular planforms
Authors: Goswami Avishek , Kalita Hriday Mani 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces one dimensional (1D) as well as two dimensional (2D) numerical models to simulate the morphodynamic processes in open channel flows. The models use the shallow water equations for hydrodynamics and the Exner sediment continuity equation for bed morphology. The governing equations are solved here using the finite difference method (FDM) based Lax-Wendroff scheme. The 1D model uses the fully coupled approach. The 2D model however solves the boundary fitted governing equations of water flow and sediment transport coupled using the semicoupled approach. The numerical oscillations produced due to second order accuracy of the proposed models are removed here by adopting an efficient Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) technique. The influence of helical flow intensity and lateral bed slope are integrated in the sediment transport model for correctly simulating the morphodynamics in channel bends. The practical applicability of the developed models is evaluated by replicating five benchmark test cases of known analytical and experimental results and promising outcomes are obtained. Three widely used statistical parameters are also calculated to check the robustness of the proposed models.