bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-delivery of camptothecin and MiR-145 by lipid nanoparticles for MRI-visible targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Rong Jing , Liu Tongtong , Yin Xiujuan , Shao Min , Zhu Kun , Li Bin , Wang Shiqi , Zhu Yujie , Zhang Saisai , Yin Likang , Liu Qi , Wang Xiao , Zhang Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Camptothecin (CPT) is one of the frequently used small chemotherapy drugs for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its clinical application is limited due to severe toxicities and acquired resistance. Combined chemo-gene therapy has been reported to be an effective strategy for counteracting drug resistance while sensitizing cancer cells to cytotoxic agents. Thus, we hypothesized that combining CPT with miR-145 could synergistically suppress tumor proliferation and enhance anti-tumor activity.

Methods
Lactobionic acid (LA) modified lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) were developed to co-deliver CPT and miR-145 into asialoglycoprotein receptors-expressing HCC in vitro and in vivo. We evaluated the synergetic antitumor effect of miR-145 and CPT using CCK8, Western blotting, apoptosis and wound scratch assay in vitro, and the mechanisms underlying the synergetic antitumor effects were further investigated. Tumor inhibitory efficacy, safety evaluation and MRI-visible ability were assessed using diethylnitrosamine (DEN) + CCl4-induced HCC mouse model.

Results
The LA modification improved the targeting delivery of cargos to HCC cells and tissues. The LA-CMGL-mediated co-delivery of miR-145 and CPT is more effective on tumor inhibitory than LA-CPT-L or LA-miR-145-L treatment alone, both in vitro and in vivo, with almost no side effects during the treatment period. Mechanistically, miR-145 likely induces apoptosis by targeting SUMO-specific peptidase 1 (SENP1)-mediated hexokinase (HK2) SUMOylation and glycolysis pathways and, in turn, sensitizing the cancer cells to CPT. In vitro and in vivo tests confirmed that the loaded Gd-DOTA served as an effective T1-weighted contrast agent for noninvasive tumor detection as well as real-time monitoring of drug delivery and biodistribution.

Conclusions
The LA-CMGL-mediated co-delivery of miR-145 and CPT displays a synergistic therapy against HCC. The novel MRI-visible, actively targeted chemo-gene co-delivery system for HCC therapy provides a scientific basis and a useful idea for the development of HCC treatment strategies in the future.
Policy brief Belgian EBCP mirror group ‘prevention’ and ‘early detection & screening’ in cancer
Authors: Simoens Cindy , Schittecatte Gabrielle ,   Belgian EBCP mirror group ‘Prevention and Early detection & Screening’
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe availability and linkage of comprehensive data on cancer mortality, incidence, screening and vaccination (HPV/HB) are essential for monitoring the process and impact of all screening and vaccination programmes, and to generate evidence to improve prevention policies. Linkage of data registries will allow better exploitation of real-world data. Simplification of data sharing for epidemiological research is of utmost importance. Human, as well as technical/technological and legal/regulatory barriers need to be tackled in Belgium to aid actors involved in screening, to facilitate organised linkage of data. Rapid advances in technologies for early detection and screening for a broad range of cancer types provide significant opportunities. Such tests are not yet ready for adoption in screening programmes. Emerging evidence should be monitored to ensure that promising innovations can transition to implementation studies in a timely manner. More and sustained research is needed to generate the necessary scientific relevance for new screening techniques in relevant cancer types.
Prevalence of alcohol use disorders documented in electronic health records in primary care across intersections of race or ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic status
Authors: Ellis Robert L. , Hallgren Kevin A. , Williams Emily C. , Glass Joseph E. , Rhew Isaac C. , Oliver Malia , Bradley Katharine A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in primary care is critical for increasing access to alcohol treatment. However, AUD is underdiagnosed and may be inequitably diagnosed due to societal structures that determine access to resources (e.g., structural racism that limits opportunities for some groups and influences interpersonal interactions in and beyond health care). This study described patterns of provider-documented AUD in primary care across intersections of race, ethnicity, sex, and community-level socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods
This cross-sectional study used EHR data from a regional healthcare system with 35 primary care clinics that included adult patients who completed alcohol screenings between 3/1/2015 and 9/30/2020. The prevalence of provider-documented AUD in primary care based on International Classification of Diseases-9 (ICD-9) and ICD-10 diagnoses was compared across intersections of race, ethnicity, sex, and community-level SES.

Results
Among 439,375 patients, 6.6% were Latine, 11.0% Asian, 5.4% Black, 1.3% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (NH/PI), 1.5% American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN), and 74.2% White, and 58.3% women. The overall prevalence of provider-documented AUD was 1.0% and varied across intersecting identities. Among women, the prevalence was highest for AI/AN women with middle SES, 1.5% (95% CI 1.0–2.3), and lowest for Asian women with middle SES, 0.1% (95% CI 0.1–0.2). Among men, the prevalence was highest for AI/AN men with high and middle SES, 2.0% (95% CI 1.1–3.4) and 2.0% (95% CI 1.2–3.2), respectively, and lowest for Asian men with high SES, 0.5% (95% CI 0.3–0.7). Black and Latine patients tended to have a lower prevalence of AUD than White patients, across all intersections of sex and SES except for Black women with high SES. There were no consistent patterns of the prevalence of AUD diagnosis that emerged across SES.

Conclusion
The prevalence of provider-documented AUD in primary care was highest in AI/AN men and women and lowest in Asian men and women. Findings of lower prevalence of provider-documented AUD in Black and Hispanic than White patients across most intersections of sex and SES differed from prior studies. Findings may suggest that differences in access to resources, which vary in effects across these identity characteristics and lived experiences, influence the diagnosis of AUD in clinical care.
Artificial intelligence-driven mobile interpretation of a semi-quantitative cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay
Authors: Bermejo-Peláez David , Alastruey-Izquierdo Ana , Medina Narda , Capellán-Martín Daniel , Bonilla Oscar , Luengo-Oroz Miguel , Rodríguez-Tudela Juan Luis 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Cryptococcosis remains a severe global health concern, underscoring the urgent need for rapid and reliable diagnostic solutions. Point-of-care tests (POCTs), such as the cryptococcal antigen semi-quantitative (CrAgSQ) lateral flow assay (LFA), offer promise in addressing this challenge. However, their subjective interpretation poses a limitation. Our objectives encompass the development and validation of a digital platform based on Artificial Intelligence (AI), assessing its semi-quantitative LFA interpretation performance, and exploring its potential to quantify CrAg concentrations directly from LFA images.

Methods
We tested 53 cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) concentrations spanning from 0 to 5000 ng/ml. A total of 318 CrAgSQ LFAs were inoculated and systematically photographed twice, employing two distinct smartphones, resulting in a dataset of 1272 images. We developed an AI algorithm designed for the automated interpretation of CrAgSQ LFAs. Concurrently, we explored the relationship between quantified test line intensities and CrAg concentrations.

Results
Our algorithm surpasses visual reading in sensitivity, and shows fewer discrepancies (p < 0.0001). The system exhibited capability of predicting CrAg concentrations exclusively based on a photograph of the LFA (Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.85).

Conclusions
This technology's adaptability for various LFAs suggests broader applications. AI-driven interpretations have transformative potential, revolutionizing cryptococcosis diagnosis, offering standardized, reliable, and efficient POCT results.
The politics of heritage in a river-city: imperial, hyper-colonial, and globalising Tianjin
Authors: Marinelli Maurizio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The intent of this article is to analyse the interconnectedness between urban transformation and eco-heritage value over time in Tianjin from a river-city perspective. The focus is on the Hai River’s (海河) contribution to the mechanisms of space and power in imperial, hyper-colonial, and globalising Tianjin. After an analytical excursus of the Haihe’s historical-political-economic roles, attention is given to the Haihe as the fulcrum of Tianjin's creation as a spectacle city in present times. The objectives are to elucidate the Tianjin Municipal Government-led urban ‘beautification’ strategy and analyse the aims and objectives of the 2002 ‘Comprehensive Reconstruction and Redevelopment Plan of the Haihe’s Riversides’ while also considering the actual experience of this transformation. The premise of this article is that the Haihe River has helped determine Tianjin’s politics of design via heritagisation: the historical processes through which cultural heritage is adapted to strategically promote favourable imagery of the river-city for political management purposes.
Negative equity – the value of reporting negative results
Authors: Sansom Owen , Bogani Debora , Reichenbach Linus , Wells Sara 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
A pervasive discussion point within the scientific community is the value of unpublished or unavailable data. Researchers, funders, ethical review bodies, editors and publishers have all highlighted the need to make more data available to enhance experimental planning and interpretation and to prevent others from repeating similar experiments. This is particularly important in the context of experimentation involving animals and efforts towards replacement, refinement and reduction. However, despite this broad agreement, sharing data that show inconclusive, statistically insignificant or unremarkable results is still not common practice. In this Editorial, we will highlight the value of what are often coined negative (or null) data and outline some emerging initiatives to address the gap between data generated in laboratories and data available to the wider scientific community.
Enhancing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Sacroiliitis: A Machine Learning Approach Applied to Computed Tomography Imaging
Authors: Fu Qingsong , Yuan Xueru , Han Xinyou , Wang Weibin , Zhang Jiakai , Yuan Xinhua 
Published: August 2024

Aims/Background Sacroiliitis is a challenging condition to diagnose accurately due to the subtle nature of its presentation in imaging studies. This study aims to improve the diagnostic accuracy of sacroiliitis by applying advanced machine learning techniques to computed tomography (CT) images. Methods We employed five convolutional neural network (CNN) models—Visual Geometry Group 16-layer Network (VGG16), ResNet101, DenseNet, Inception-v4, and ResNeXt-50—to analyze a dataset of 830 CT images, including both sacroiliitis and non-sacroiliitis cases. Each model's performance was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), and Area Under the Curve (AUC). The interpretability of the models' decisions was enhanced using Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) visualization. Results The ResNeXt-50 and Inception-v4 models demonstrated superior performance, achieving the highest accuracy and F1 scores among the tested models. Grad-CAM visualizations offered insights into the decision-making processes, highlighting the models' focus on relevant anatomical features critical for accurate diagnosis. Conclusion The use of CNN models, particularly ResNeXt-50 and Inception-v4, significantly improves the diagnosis of sacroiliitis from CT images. These models not only provide high diagnostic accuracy but also offer transparency in their decision-making processes, aiding clinicians in understanding and trusting Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven diagnostics.
The Value of Bedside Ultrasound Evaluation of Intravenous Ultrasound Grading System Combined with TyG Index in Predicting Acute Renal Injury in Patients with Acute Hyperlipidemic Pancreatitis
Authors: He Lingling , Huang Tinglong , Xie Long 
Published: August 2024

Aims/Background Bedside ultrasound evaluation of venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) combined with the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index plays an important role in predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute hyperlipidemic pancreatitis. VExUS can effectively evaluate the degree of venous congestion, while the TyG index is valuable in predicting severe pancreatitis. The combination of these two methods is expected to provide a more accurate AKI risk assessment tool for clinical practice. This study explores the value of combining bedside ultrasound evaluation using the VExUS grading system with the TyG index in predicting acute renal damage in patients with acute hyperlipidemic pancreatitis. Methods From January 2021 to December 2023, 110 patients with acute hyperlipidemic pancreatitis were selected. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they were complicated with acute kidney injury (AKI): the AKI group (n = 23) and the non-AKI group (n = 87). The general data of the two groups were compared, and the risk factors for AKI in patients with acute hyperlipidemic pancreatitis were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. The predictive value was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Results There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, outcome, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels at admission, blood nutrition at discharge, creatinine (CREA) at discharge, underlying diseases, start time of enteral nutrition, complications, length of stay, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) days, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, blood glucose level, blood amylase level, CREA, blood urine nitrogen (BUN), blood purification treatment (p > 0.05). However, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the TyG index and the VExUS score, with variables including the TyG index and the VExUS score (included in the logistic regression analysis as variables), and AKI (AKI = 1, non-AKI = 0) as dependent variables. Multiple logistic regression results showed that the TyG index and VExUS score were independent predictors of AKI in patients with acute hyperlipidemia pancreatitis (p < 0.05). The standard error, sensitivity and specificity of the TyG index, VExUS score and combined model for predicting AKI in these patients were 0.064, 73.91 and 87.45; 0.036, 78.16 and 95.65; 0.010, 100.00 and 95.65, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion The VExUS score combined with the TyG index is highly valuable in predicting AKI in patients with acute hyperlipidemic pancreatitis.
Living with rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Victoria, Australia: A qualitative study
Authors: Oliver Jane , Fualautoalasi-Lam Loudeen , Ferdinand Angeline , Tiatia Ramona , Jones Bryn , Engelman Daniel , Gibney Katherine B. , Steer Andrew C. 
Published: August 2024

Background
In Victoria, Australia, children with Pacific Islander (‘Pacific’) ethnicities are overrepresented in acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). In June 2023, ARF and RHD became notifiable in Victoria. To inform public health and clinical practice, we described young Pacific patients’ and their caregivers’ understandings and experiences of ARF/RHD, and identified possible ways to improve the delivery of clinical care.

Methods
We established a project reference group including local Pacific people to guide this research. Pacific patients who attended an ARF/RHD clinic at The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, were invited to participate, as were their caregivers. A Samoan researcher conducted qualitative ‘talanoa’ (conversational) interviews with patients and caregivers. A second researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with treating clinicians and other stakeholders. Interview transcripts underwent thematic analysis guided by the Tuilaepa Youth Mentoring Services Pacific Youth Wellbeing Framework.

Results
We interviewed 27 participants. This included nine patients and nine caregivers, all of whom were Samoan. These 18 participants expressed a desire to learn more about ARF/RHD and connect with other affected people. While some shared their experiences of having well-liked and trusted healthcare providers, patients often struggled to have two-way clinical conversations. The need to support clinicians working with high-risk populations to improve their awareness of ARF was identified. Receiving treatment on time was a top priority for affected families, despite injection pain, inconvenience and financial costs. The need to support continuity of care for young adult patients was raised by participants.

Conclusions
Pacific people living with ARF/RHD and their families require additional support to receive high quality management in Victoria. Introducing a patient register and a specialist RHD nurse would enhance access to treatment, as would removing cost barriers, improving clinical awareness of ARF/RHD and creating Victoria-specific patient resources.
“A educação nas independências da América”. Uma análise sobre a busca da formação de cidadãos para um novo momento histórico
Authors: Mendonça Tânia Gomes 
Published: August 2024

Esta resenha objetiva tecer uma análise a respeito da obra “A educação nas independências da América: a circulação do plano de ensino mútuo (1810–1830)” (OLIVATO, 2023), da historiadora Laís Olivato, fruto de pesquisa de doutorado desenvolvida no Programa de História Social da Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Laís Olivato inicia o seu livro com uma importante problematização, ressaltando que o seu trabalho historiográfico tem relação com um tema fundamental nos dias de hoje: os debates acerca das possíveis transformações nas políticas públicas educacionais a fim de solucionar questões estruturais de nossas sociedades latino-americanas. Em sua obra, a autora demonstra que este tema não é recente: desde o período das Independências, no século XIX, esta discussão existe na esfera pública, e o seu trabalho engloba, justamente, uma das proposições que estiveram em voga para lidar com esses problemas sociais profundos, que se relacionam com a formação de cidadãos para a nova fase política da América Latina que despontava.
SURVIVAL STRATEGIES FOR MSME’S DURING COVID 19 IN EAST JAVA INDONESIA
Authors: Mariana Mariana , Hariyati Hariyati , Wuryani Eni , Handayani Susi , Putikadea Insyirah , Abdullah Azizah Binti 
Published: August 2024

Globally, the impact of Covid-19 has destructed business supply chains, dropped commodity prices, and increased the risk of global economic. Domestically in Indonesia, the impact of Covid -19 caused business closing, travel banning and reduction in discretionary spending. On September 2020, Bisnis Liputan6 highlighted Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as one of the main drivers of the economy in Indonesia (Liputan6.com, 2020). If the MSMEs sector is disrupted, the national economy will be also affected. Thus, this indicates the need for MSMEs to continue its operation. Suci (2017) emphasises the ability of MSMEs to survive during the crisis period of 1997-1998. The MSMEs were able to create millions of jobs until 2012. During the Corona Covid-19 pandemic, the MSME sector was most affected. Many of these entrepreneurs had to go out of business because demand fell. This study aims to identify MSMEs’ survival strategy and business performance during Covid-19 in Surabaya, East Java Indonesia. This research is a quantitative approach.The data were collected using questionnaire survey. The population and sample in this study were MSMEs in Surabaya. Results indicate MSME believe that future online business is growing. The results also suggest MSMEs must adapt and take advantage of technology and product and services innovation. MSMEs business strategy during a pandemic is to maintain existing market share. Overall results show that the survival strategies have effect on business performance.
Macroeconomic Observations on Paying for and Funding Universal Basic Income
Authors: Sawyer Malcolm 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The paper undertakes macroeconomic analysis of Universal Basic Income (UBI). It focuses on issues of paying for and the funding of universal basic income. A number of proposals are examined and the limitations of borrowing and money creation for the funding of UBI are indicated. It is generally argued that funding of UBI should be examined in terms of funding through taxation. The effects of UBI on employment and national output and the macroeconomic limits on the scale on UBI in terms of work force participation and tax rates are investigated.
Development of Aβ and anti-Aβ dynamics models for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Cindyawati Cindyawati , Ahmad Faozan , Hardhienata Hendradi , Kartono Agus 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most prevalent types of dementia worldwide. It is caused by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques in the brain, disrupting communication pathways and memory. Microglia and astrocytes act as the immune system of the brain, clearing Aβ plaque deposits. However, these cells can lose effectiveness when Aβ plaque accumulation exceeds normal limits, leading to inflammation induced by proinflammatory cytokines. One type of treatment involves anti-Aβ drug therapy. Anti-Aβ drugs are believed to have the ability to reduce Aβ plaque deposits effectively. The mechanism of Aβ plaque accumulation can be explained by ordinary differential equations describing the growth of Aβ monomers. In this study, we aimed to develop a new mathematical model to elucidate the role of the immune system and drug therapy in reducing Aβ plaque deposits. Based on the simulation results, we conclude that the use of anti-Aβ drug therapy can decrease the concentration of Aβ plaque deposits, and the effective treatment duration for Alzheimer’s patients is estimated to be approximately 4 months starting from the time the drug was first administered.
From LIKE/LOVE to habitual: the case of Mainland East and Southeast Asian languages
Authors: Fang Hongmei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper documents the common grammaticalization path of the LIKE/LOVE constructions into expressing habitual aspect in Mainland East and Southeast Asian languages. The stages and degrees of grammaticalization for the LIKE/LOVE constructions vary cross-linguistically and different stages of evolution co-exist in one and the same language. Based on the synchronic data from a sample of six national languages in that region, it is found that the grammaticalization process in Chinese, Thai, and Lao is advanced while the process in Vietnamese, Khmer, and Burmese is incipient. At the initial stage of their grammaticalization, there are three context-induced intermediate steps of development before the constructions in question are compatible with inanimate subject referents and the habitual meaning becomes the only possible interpretation. At the later stage, languages vary in their combinability with stative verbs and in their possibility of occurring in future temporal context. The common human experience that if one likes/loves doing something, one tends to do it frequently renders it highly unlikely that this grammaticalization pattern is an areal feature confined to Mainland East and Southeast Asia.