bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical analysis of 1629 newly diagnosed malignant lymphomas in current residents of Sichuan province, China
Authors: Wang Xue‐mei , Bassig Bryan A. , Wen Jing‐jing , Li Gan‐di , Liu Zhi‐bin , Yao Wen‐xiu , Hu Wei , Wang Ying , Li Ji‐man , Wang Xiao‐dong , Gan Mao‐zhou , Wang Chun‐sen , Xu Gang , Rothman Nathaniel , Lan Qing , Xu Cai‐gang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPrevious studies in other provinces of China (Beijing, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Shanghai, Guangdong, and Taiwan) suggest that the distributions of lymphoma subtypes differ compared with Western populations. In order to evaluate the characteristics of malignant lymphoma in Sichuan, China, we analyzed case series data from incident lymphoma patients diagnosed in 2008 from three hospitals, including a total of 1629 cases and including only current residents of Sichuan. The median age of diagnosis for cases was 54 years, with a higher proportion of male cases compared with female cases. The most commonly diagnosed subtypes included diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (40.4%), NK/T‐cell lymphoma (NKTCL; 11.8%), mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma (7.0%), mantle cell lymphoma (4.8%), and marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma (3.9%). Differences in demographic characteristics between Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases were apparent for median age at diagnosis (HL: 34 years; NHL: 57 years), and NHLs accounted for nearly all (99.3%) of the 931 cases of extranodal lymphoma. These findings indicate a higher proportion of NKTCL cases and a lower proportion of follicular lymphoma cases (2.3%) in these hospitals in Sichuan, relative to reports from some other provinces within China (e.g., Shanghai and Shanxi) and the USA. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Governance challenges in the Nepalese primary health care system: time to focus on greater community engagement?
Authors: Gurung Gagan , Derrett Sarah , Hill Philip C. , Gauld Robin 
Published: March 2015

SummaryNepal has seen impressive recent health gains through a successful community‐based health program. However, governance challenges remain within the Nepalese primary health care system that include under‐staffing and absenteeism, limited health facility opening hours, poor supervision and monitoring, and insufficient financial management. We propose that these be addressed through expanded community engagement and a power shift towards local communities, enhancing skills of community representatives in co‐managing health facilities and of service providers to effectively engage the community, increased quality of community participation, and improved documentation of the process and impact of engagement on health outcomes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Addressing health system barriers to access to and use of skilled delivery services: perspectives from Ghana
Authors: Ganle John Kuumuori , Fitzpatrick Raymond , Otupiri Easmon , Parker Michael 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPoor access to and use of skilled delivery services have been identified as a major contributory factor to poor maternal and newborn health in sub‐Saharan African countries, including Ghana. However, many previous studies that examine norms of childbirth and care‐seeking behaviours have focused on identifying the norms of non‐use of services, rather than factors, that can promote service use. Based on primary qualitative research with a total of 185 expectant and lactating mothers, and 20 healthcare providers in six communities in Ghana, this paper reports on strategies that can be used to overcome health system barriers to the use of skilled delivery services. The strategies identified include expansion and redistribution of existing maternal health resources and infrastructure, training of more skilled maternity caregivers, instituting special programmes to target women most in need, improving the quality of maternity care services provided, improving doctor–patient relationships in maternity wards, promotion of choice, protecting privacy and patient dignity in maternity wards and building partnerships with traditional birth attendants and other non‐state actors. The findings suggest the need for structural changes to maternity clinics and routine nursing practices, including an emphasis on those doctor–patient relational practices that positively influence women's healthcare‐seeking behaviours. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel photochemical cross‐linking technology to improve luminal gain, vessel compliance, and buckling post‐angioplasty in porcine arteries
Authors: Munger Karen A. , Downey Therese M. , Haberer Barb , Pohlson Katie , Marshall Lindsey L. , Utecht Ronald E. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDevelopment of substituted 1,8‐naphthalimides for photochemical cross‐linking of biomolecules is the focus of this research. This study describes limited cross‐linking of collagen in the artery wall to control recoil and buckling in arteries following balloon angioplasty. Isolated porcine arteries were overstretched (25%) with balloon angioplasty (BA) +/‐ light‐activated naphthalimide treatment (NVS). Lumen size and recoil were measured as retention of stretch after angioplasty. Cross‐sectional compliance and distensibility coefficients were measured as slope of cross‐sectional area versus increasing hydrostatic pressure. Buckling was measured, with 30% axial pre‐stretch and 200 mmHg, as deviation from the center line. Electron microscopy evaluation of collagen fibers was conducted. Results: Uninjured arteries have low compliance and low levels of buckling, whereas the BA‐injured arteries demonstrated much greater compliance and buckling behavior. Treatment of the injured artery with NVS reduced buckling and demonstrated compliance midway between the two groups while retaining the increased luminal diameter imparted by angioplasty compared to untreated vessels. In summary, limited collagen cross‐linking with NVS treatment resulted in lumen retention, as well as improved compliance without the accompanying rigidity and stiffness of conventional stent therapy or current cross‐linking materials. This treatment shows great promise for dilation, repair and strengthening of arteries damaged by injury or vascular disease. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 375–384, 2016.
Evaluation of deep eutectic solvents as co‐solvent for steroids 1‐en‐dehydrogenation biotransformation by Arthrobacter simplex
Authors: Mao Shuhong , Yu Lu , Ji Shaoxian , Liu Xiaoguang , Lu Fuping 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs a low‐cost alternative to the traditional ionic liquids (ILs), deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have currently attracted increasing attention for their various applications including biocatalysis. This study aimed at analyzing the effect of DESs on Δ1, 2‐dehydrogeneration of cortisone acetate(CA) to prednisone acetate (PA) by Arthrobacter simplex.RESULTSOf the three DESs examined, ChCl:U was successfully employed as co‐solvent to improve the bioconversion efficiency. For substrate feeding concentration of 5 g L−1, substrate conversion reached 93% by immobilized A. simplex cells (4 gDW L−1) with ChCl:U content of 6%, which is more efficient than conversions without DESs. Importantly, it has been shown that DESs and the immobilized cells can be easily recovered and then reused for five batches of bioconversion with a final conversion above 80%.CONCLUSIONOur results show the potential use of DESs‐based systems in industrial steroid biodehydrogenation by A. simplex, and provide an environmentally benign means of steroid biotransformation. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Diversity among mandarin varieties and natural sub‐groups in aroma volatiles compositions
Authors: Goldenberg Livnat , Yaniv Yossi , Doron‐Faigenboim Adi , Carmi Nir , Porat Ron 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDMandarins constitute a large, diverse and important group within the Citrus family. Here, we analysed the aroma volatiles compositions of 13 mandarin varieties belonging to seven genetically different natural sub‐groups that included common mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), clementine (C. clementina Hort. ex. Tan), satsuma (C. unshiu Marcovitch), Mediterranean mandarin (C. deliciosa Tenore), King mandarin (C. nobilis Loureiro), and mandarin hybrids, such as tangor (C. reticulata × C. sinensis) and tangelo (C. reticulata × C. paradisi).RESULTSWe found that mandarin varieties among tangors (‘Temple’, ‘Ortanique’), tangelos (‘Orlando’, ‘Minneola’) and King (‘King’) had more volatiles, at higher levels, and were richer in sesquiterpene and ester volatiles, than other varieties belonging to the sub‐groups common mandarin (‘Ora’, ‘Ponkan’), clementine (‘Oroval’, ‘Caffin’), satsuma (‘Okitsu’, ‘Owari’) and Mediterranean mandarin (‘Avana’, ‘Yusuf Efendi’). Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis accurately differentiated between mandarin varieties and natural sub‐groups according to their aroma‐volatile profiles.CONCLUSIONSAlthough we found wide differences in aroma‐volatiles compositions among varieties belonging to different natural sub‐groups, we detected only minor differences among varieties within any natural sub‐group. These findings suggest that selecting appropriate parents would enable manipulation of aroma‐volatile compositions in future mandarin breeding programmes. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Sonographic evidence of abnormal tracheal cartilage ring structure in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Diwakar Amit , Adam Ryan J. , Michalski Andrew S. , Tamegnon Monelle M. , Fischer Anthony J. , Launspach Jan L. , Horan Rebecca A. , Kao Simon C. , Chaloner Kathryn , Meyerholz David K. , Stoltz David A. 
Published: March 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTracheal cartilage ring structural abnormalities have been reported in cystic fibrosis (CF) mice and pigs. Whether similar findings are present in humans with CF is unknown. We hypothesized that tracheal cartilage ring shape and size would be different in people with CF.Study DesignTracheal cartilage ring size and shape were measured in adults with (n = 21) and without CF (n = 18).MethodsUltrasonography was used in human subjects to noninvasively assess tracheal cartilage ring structure in both the sagittal and the transverse planes. Tracheal cartilage ring thickness was also determined from histological sections obtained from newborn non‐CF and CF pigs. These values were compared with human data.ResultsHuman CF tracheas had a greater width and were less circular in shape compared to non‐CF subjects. CF tracheal cartilage rings had a greater midline cross‐sectional area and were thicker compared to non‐CF rings. Maximal tracheal cartilage ring thickness was also greater in both newborn CF pigs and human adults with CF, compared to non‐CF controls.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that structural differences exist in tracheal cartilage rings in adults with CF. Comparison with newborn CF pig data suggests that some of these changes may be congenital in nature.Level of Evidence3b Laryngoscope, 125:2398–2404, 2015
An efficient calculation method for pharmacokinetic parameters in brain permeability study using dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI
Authors: Wang Chunhao , Yin Fang‐Fang , Chang Zheng 
Published: March 2015

PurposeTo develop an efficient method for calculating pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters in brain DCE‐MRI permeability studies.MethodsA linear least‐squares fitting algorithm based on a derivative expression of the two‐compartment PK model was proposed to analytically solve for the PK parameters. Noise in the expression was minimized through low‐pass filtering. Simulation studies were conducted in which the proposed method was compared with two existing methods in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Five in vivo brain studies were demonstrated for potential clinical application.ResultsIn the simulation studies using chosen parameter values, the calculated percent difference of Ktrans by the proposed method was <5.0% with a temporal resolution (Δt) < 5 s, and the accuracies of all parameter results were better or comparable to existing methods. When analyzed within certain parameter intensity ranges, the proposed method was more accurate than the existing methods and improved the efficiency by a factor of up to 458 for a Δt = 1 s and up to 38 for a Δt = 5 s. In the in vivo study, the calculated parameters using the proposed method were comparable to those using the existing methods with improved efficiencies.ConclusionsAn efficient method was developed for the accurate and efficient calculation of parameters in brain DCE‐MRI permeability studies. Magn Reson Med 75:739–749, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Social Mechanisms in Local Transformations: Towards a Conclusion
Authors: Faist Thomas 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe contributions assembled here can be grouped under three main issues and the respective questions associated with them. They offer, first, answers to questions concerning the context, the dynamics, and the consequences of transnational linkages on the local level respectively. First, what is the context created by the large‐scale transformations for local‐level development and inequalities? Here, trends captured by terms such as neo‐liberalism come to mind. Second, how do transnational practices work with respect to the local level? This question implies an inquiry into the roles played by migrants and other agents for creating, sustaining, and changing ties across national states' borders. Third, what are the consequences of transformation for the transnational maze of ties across localities for actors' identities and for social inequalities between groups? This question is of particular interest because the diversification of social life mentioned in the preceding texts becomes so visible at the local level. The following conclusions address each of these three questions and identify the main social mechanisms underlying the concomitant social processes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robotic vs laparoscopic radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Jing , Xiong Bing Hong , Ma Li , Cheng Yong , Huang Wei , Zhao Lin 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate whether the safety and efficacy of robotic radical hysterectomy (RRH) in patients with cervical cancer (CC) are equivalent to those of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH).MethodsThe Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid and Web of Science databases were searched. Studies documenting a comparison of RRH with LRH for CC were selected. Operative and recovery outcomes, common morbidity, and oncological parameters were evaluated.ResultsCompared with LRH, RRH was associated with less blood loss and shorter hospital stay. There were no significant differences in operative time, complications, mortality, transfusion, conversions, number of retrieved lymph nodes, recurrence or disease‐free survival between the two groups.ConclusionRRH for CC is safe and feasible and may be an alternative treatment for CC. More multicentre randomized controlled trials investigating the long‐term oncological outcomes are required to determine the advantages of RRH over LRH in CC. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solvates of Manganese Trichloride Revisited – Synthesis, Isolation, and Crystal Structure of MnCl3(THF)3
Authors: Nachtigall Olaf , Pataki Astrid , Molski Matthias , Lentz Dieter , Spandl Johann 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe syntheses and crystal structures of [MnCl3(H2O)(THF)2]·2THF (I), [MnCl4(THF)2][H(THF)2] (II), and [MnCl3(THF)3] (III) are reported. This study shows that former assumptions about the preparation of anhydrous MnCl3 and its etherates, published in the 1960s and earlier, have to be questioned. Instead of the conventional manganese sources, MnF3 was successfully utilized as starting material in THF to give water‐free MnCl3 etherates. These findings are vital for further reactions where reactive but anhydrous MnCl3 derivatives are needed.
The Unusual Photometric Variability of the PMS Star GM Cep
Authors: Semkov E. H. , Ibryamov S. I. , Peneva S. P. , Milanov T. R. , Stoyanov K. A. , Stateva I. K. , Kjurkchieva D. P. , Dimitrov D. P. , Radeva V. S. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractResults from UBVRI photometric observations of the pre-main sequence star GM Cep obtained in the period 2011 April–2014 August are reported in the paper. Presented data are a continuation of our photometric monitoring of the star started in 2008. GM Cep is located in the field of the young open cluster Trumpler 37 and over the past years it has been an object of intense photometric and spectral studies. The star shows a strong photometric variability interpreted as a possible outburst from EXor type in previous studies. Our photometric data for a period of over six years show a large amplitude variability (ΔV ~ 2.3 mag) and several deep minimums in brightness are observed. The analysis of the collected multicolour photometric data show the typical of UX Ori variables a colour reversal during the minimums in brightness. The observed decreases in brightness have a different shape, and evidences of periodicity are not detected. At the same time, high amplitude rapid variations in brightness typical for the classical T Tauri stars also present on the light curve of GM Cep. The spectrum of GM Cep shows the typical of classical T Tauri stars wide Hα emission line and absorption lines of some metals. We calculate the outer radius of the Hα emitting region as 10.4 ± 0.5 R⊙ and the accretion rate as 1.8 × 10− 7 M⊙ yr− 1.
Finding revelation in anthropology: Alexander Winchell, William Robertson Smith and the heretical imperative
Authors: LIVINGSTONE DAVID N. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAnthropological inquiry has often been considered an agent of intellectual secularization. Not least is this so in the sphere of religion, where anthropological accounts have often been taken to represent the triumph of naturalism. This metanarrative, however, fails to recognize that naturalistic explanations could sometimes be espousedforreligious purposes and in defence of confessional creeds. This essay examines two late nineteenth-century figures – Alexander Winchell in the United States and William Robertson Smith in Britain – who found in anthropological analysis resources to bolster rather than undermine faith. In both cases these individuals found themselves on the receiving end of ecclesiastical censure and were dismissed from their positions at church-governed institutions. But their motivation was to vindicate divine revelation, in Winchell's case from the physical anthropology of human origins and in Smith's from the cultural anthropology of Semitic ritual.
Dietary Njavara rice bran oil reduces experimentally induced hypercholesterolaemia by regulating genes involved in lipid metabolism
Authors: Chithra Pushpan K. , Sindhu G. , Shalini V. , Parvathy Rathnam , Jayalekshmy Ananthasankaran , Helen Antony 
Published: March 2015

The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-atherogenic effect of Njavara rice bran oil (NjRBO) on atherosclerosis by modulating enzymes and genes involved in lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). Adult male rats (Sprague–Dawley strain, weighing 100–120 g) were divided into three groups of nine animals each. Group I served as the control, group II were fed a HCD and group III were fed a HCD and NjRBO (100 mg/kg body weight). The study duration was 60 d. Serum and tissue lipid profile, atherogenic index, enzymes of lipid metabolism, plasma C-reactive protein levels, serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, gene and protein expression of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), PPARα, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), apoB and apoA1 in the liver were quantified. Total cholesterol, TAG, phospholipid, NEFA, LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the serum and liver, lipogenic enzyme activities, hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity and atherogenic index were significantly increased in HCD-fed rats, but they decreased after treatment with NjRBO. HDL-cholesterol level and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity were increased in the NjRBO-treated group, but decreased in the HCD-fed group. The expression levels of ABCA1, apoA1, PON1 and PPARα were found to be significantly increased in NjRBO-treated group compared with the HCD-fed group; however, the expression level of apoB was found to be higher in HCD-fed group and lower in the NjRBO-treated group. These data suggest that NjRBO possesses an anti-atherogenic property by modulating lipid metabolism and up-regulating genes involved in reverse cholesterol transport and antioxidative defence mechanism through the induction of the gene expressionPON1.
Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in microRNA genes are enriched for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder association signals
Authors: Williamson V. S. , Mamdani M. , McMichael G. O. , Kim A. H. , Lee D. , Bacanu S. , Vladimirov V. I. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundSchizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) have substantial negative impact on the quality of human life. Both, microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling in SZ and BD postmortem brains [and genome-wide association studies (GWAS)] have implicated miRNAs in disease etiology. Here, we aim to determine whether significant GWAS signals observed in the Psychiatric Genetic Consortium (PGC) are enriched for miRNAs.MethodA two-stage approach was used to determine whether association signals from PGC affect miRNAs: (i) statistical assessment of enrichment using a Simes test and sum of squares test (SST) and (ii) biological evidence that quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping to known miRNA genes affect their expression in an independent sample of 78 postmortem brains from the Stanley Medical Research Institute.ResultsA total of 2567 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (R2 > 0.8) were mapped locally, within 1 Mb, to all known miRNAs (miRBase v. 21). We show robust enrichment for SZ- and BD-related SNPs with miRNAs using Simes (SZ: p ≤ 0.0023, BD: p ≤ 0.038), which remained significant after adjusting for background inflation in SZ (empirical p = 0.018) and approached significance in BD (empirical p = 0.07). At a false discovery rate of 10%, we identified a total of 32 eQTLs to influence miRNA expression; 11 of these overlapped with BD.ConclusionsOur approach of integrating PGC findings with eQTL results can be used to generate specific hypotheses regarding the role of miRNAs in SZ and BD.