bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avoid non‐probability sampling to select population monitoring sites: Comment on McClure and Rolek (2023)
Authors: Perret Jan , Laroche Fabien , Papuga Guillaume , Besnard Aurélien 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Population monitoring programmes typically rely on sampling because it is impossible to survey all the sites within the study area. In such a situation, the general recommendation to obtain unbiased estimates of population trends is to select monitoring sites using probability sampling. However, site selection not based on probability sampling, such as selecting sites with the largest abundance of individuals at the beginning of the monitoring programme, is common in practice. Nevertheless, these methods carry the risk of obtaining biased trend estimates.

Using simulations, McClure & Rolek (2023) investigated whether three non‐probability sampling site selection methods can yield unbiased trend estimates under some specific conditions. For two of these methods, that is selecting high quality sites and selecting sites known to be occupied, the authors conclude that there is a major risk of obtaining biased trend estimates. For the third method, that is selecting sites with the largest initial abundance, they found conditions in which unbiased estimates can be obtained. They conclude that the general recommendation to use probability sampling should be revised. Here, we show that the authors' results, although perfectly correct, do not invalidate this recommendation.

First, we point out that the authors made strong assumptions about the populations' functioning in their simulations, especially that inter‐annual variance in abundance is similar for all sites, which is unlikely in most real populations. We show through simple simulations that even slightly relaxing this assumption invalidates the authors' results. We also point out that for most of the hypotheses made by the authors, it is generally not known at the beginning of a study whether they will be respected. Furthermore, the authors did not provide evidence that selecting sites based on high initial abundance leads to more precise trend estimates than probability sampling methods. Therefore, neither the benefits nor the risks of this method are known.

We conclude that until evidence is provided that abundance‐based site selection improves estimate precision and the situations in which it provides unbiased estimates are clearly identified, using probability sampling should remain the rule.
Routine transabdominal cervical length screening in mid‐pregnancy for the prevention of preterm birth: Is it good enough to use as a screening test?
Authors: Pedretti Michelle K , Dickinson Jan E. , Doherty Dorota A. , Newnham John P. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundPreterm birth (PTB) is a major pregnancy complication. There is evidence that a short cervical length in mid‐pregnancy may predict women at increased risk of PTB.AimsTo evaluate the utility of population‐based, transabdominal cervical length (TACL) measurement screening in mid‐pregnancy for PTB prediction in women.Materials and MethodsA transabdominal approach was initially performed, with a transvaginal (TVCL) approach offered when the TACL was <35 mm, could not be accurately measured, or the pregnancy had risk factors for PTB. TACL was compared to the directly related TVCL, when both were performed at the same assessment. Women with risk factors of PTB were included when they had both TACL and TVCL measurements performed at the same visit.ResultsData were provided for 9355 singleton pregnancies from 13 participating imaging centres. A transabdominal approach was used in 9006 (96.3%), including 682 (7.3%) TVCL combined with TACL. There were 349 (3.7%) women who had TVCL only. The median TACL was longer (40 mm) than the TVCL (38 mm). In 682 paired TACL and TVCL measurements, TACL <35 mm correctly identified 96.2% of pregnancies with TVCL <25 mm, compared with 65.4% of cases when using a TACL <30 mm. A TVCL <25 mm occurred in 59 (0.6%) women. A TACL <35 mm was associated with birth <37 weeks of gestation in 12.1% of women and birth <32 weeks of gestation in 3.9%.ConclusionsUniversal TACL is a feasible option for population screening of cervical length in a low‐risk population, progressing to TVCL if the TACL is <35 mm or the cervix cannot be transabdominally accurately measured.
How international guidelines recommend treating children who have severe COVID‐19 or risk disease progression
Authors: Mańdziuk Joanna , Kuchar Ernest , Okarska‐Napierała Magdalena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimThis study reviewed the current knowledge and guidelines on managing COVID‐19 in children and proposed a practical approach to drug treatment.MethodsWe analysed international guidelines from four prominent scientific bodies on treating COVID‐19 in children. These were the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the American National Institutes of Health, the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Australian National Clinical Evidence Taskforce COVID‐19.ResultsMost paediatric patients with COVID‐19 only require symptomatic treatment. There was limited evidence on treatment recommendations for children with severe COVID‐19 or at risk of disease progression. However, several drugs are available for children and we have summarised the guidelines, in order to provide a concise, practical format for clinicians. All the guidelines agree that nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir or remdesivir can be used as prophylaxis for severe COVID‐19 in high‐risk patients. Remdesivir can also be used for severe COVID‐19 cases. Glucocorticosteroids are recommended, particularly in patients requiring oxygen therapy. Tocilizumab or baricitinib should be reserved for patients with progressive disease and/or signs of systemic inflammation.ConclusionThe guidelines provide useful advice and a degree of consensus on specific drug treatment for children with severe COVID‐19 or at risk of progression.
Performance pressure and annual report text manipulation: Evidence from China
Authors: Li Yanxi , Meng Delin , Wang Lan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBuilding on attribution theory, this study investigates the antecedents of corporate annual report text manipulation from the perspective of managerial performance pressure. Using a data set comprising 15,076 samples from companies listed on China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐share markets between 2009 and 2021, we reveal that as management faces performance pressure, they tend to increase content about external environmental risk and policy uncertainty in annual reports due to actor–observer bias. When incorporating Confucian cultural factors into the research framework, the study found that the strength of Confucian culture mitigates the correlation between the pressure of management performance and annual report manipulation. However, the level of marketization where a corporation is located can undermine the ethical norms upheld by Confucian culture. In additional analysis, we also discovered that the longer the duration of performance pressure, the greater the extent of manipulation within the annual reports initiated by the management. Interestingly, the social performance pressure generated from ESG performance also positively influences annual report textual manipulation, compared to operational performance pressure. This study explores the impact of management performance pressure on information disclosure decisions from the perspective of performance attribution, not only extending the boundaries of attribution theory but also providing guidance for policymakers to enhance the supervision of annual report disclosures and for capital market investors to optimize investment decisions.
Making the case for a new typology of dental care systems
Authors: Guarnizo‐Herreño Carol C. , Singh Ankur , Mathur Manu Raj , Sarawagi Shilpa , Peres Marco A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and RationaleDental care systems have the potential to influence population oral health and patterns of socioeconomic inequalities. Therefore, understanding the impact of the ways in which countries fund, provide, and organize their dental care services is key in the analysis of determinants of oral health. In this commentary we offer a synopsis of recent typologies of healthcare systems, based on a rapid review, and highlight that none of them fit dental care services given the separation of dental care from general healthcare provision in many countries. The paper also summarizes evidence on dental care systems as determinants of population oral health and argues why a new typology of dental care systems is needed.Challenges and Ways ForwardWe argue that a typology must consider institutional arrangements, structures, and processes behind the provision of dental care, and that specific dimensions/variables that inform the typology should result from a process of discussion and consensus. Some methodological considerations for developing typologies are also discussed, including the challenges in the collection and analysis of data followed by an advanced cluster analysis. Despite their limitations, typologies have evolved into an essential tool for comparing the similarities and differences of healthcare systems across countries. Therefore, a dental specific typology for health systems will be useful for researchers, policymakers, and dental professionals to characterize the provision of dentalcare services in different countries. This will also enable examining their potential role as determinants of population oral health and inequalities.
Using spatial aggregation of soil multifunctionality maps to support uncertainty‐aware planning decisions
Authors: Courteille Léa , Lagacherie Philippe , Boukhelifa Nadia , Lutton Evelyne , Tardieu Léa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo ensure soil preservation, it is essential to incorporate the soil's ability to provide ecosystem services into the spatial planning process. For well‐informed planning decisions, stakeholders need spatially explicit information on the state of the soils and the functions they fulfil, with sufficient spatial resolution and quantified uncertainty. It has been shown that Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) products can provide such information. However, in some cases, fine spatial resolution coupled with high levels of uncertainty may lead stakeholders to overlook the inherent uncertainties in the information. Spatial aggregation of DSM products opens up a promising avenue for obtaining maps that are more tailored to the users' scales of decision making while facilitating uncertainty communication. In this perspective, we propose a new spatial aggregation approach relying on spatially constrained agglomerative clustering (AC). The spatial aggregation approach is applied to a 25‐m‐resolution soil potential multifunctionality index (SPMI) map developed for the coastal plain of the Occitanie Region. This DSM product was increasingly aggregated to obtain SPMI maps of different resolutions displaying two distinct areal metrics: proportions of area above a given threshold of SPMI, and mean SPMI. Each map was evaluated through a set of indicators selected for their potential impact on user decision making: mean spatial resolution, overall predicted uncertainty, quantity of information and mean within‐unit variability. The maps were compared with respect to these indicators to other maps obtained with alternative aggregation methods employed in DSM literature (maps aggregated according to some administrative units and QuadMaps). We show that all the tested aggregation methods produced a substantial decrease of the map uncertainty with moderate loss of spatial resolution. However, only AC preserved the fine spatial pattern of the initial DSM product while enabling fine tuning of the uncertainty displayed to end‐users. We show that AC can simplify the identification of extensive regions characterized by low uncertainty without losing information regarding soil multifunctionality, thereby facilitating and enhancing the efficiency of planning decisions.
Soil N2O emissions during dry fallow periods
Authors: Cardinael Rémi , Barton Louise , Corbeels Marc , Six Johan , Rowlings David , Shumba Armwell , Chikowo Regis , Farrell Mark 
Published: July 2024

Shang et al. (2024) recently suggested to include nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions during the fallow period to better estimate N2O emission factors (EFs). We however highlighted several pitfalls of the proposed adjusted EFs for croplands in the specific case of dry subhumid, semiarid, and arid regions with dry fallow periods, these regions covering about 47% of the Earth's terrestrial area.
Präparierte Emotionen: Formen der Trauer im Umgang mit der Stellerschen Seekuh
Authors: Bund Romana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWie werden Emotionen im Kontext des Artenverlusts eingesetzt? In welchem Ausmaß sind sie steuerbar und für welche Zwecke werden sie genutzt? Anhand des Beispiels der Stellerschen Seekuh fragt der Artikel nach Formen der Trauer im Umgang mit der Auslöschung und den Überresten des marinen Säugetiers. Die Stellersche Seekuh wurde Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts an den Rändern frühmoderner Seewege im Nordpazifik entdeckt und zu Nahrungszwecken ausgerottet. Das Tier ist Teil einer speziesübergreifenden Ausrottungsgeschichte und zeigt die Verbindung der Vernichtung nicht‐menschlicher Lebewesen und indigener Gemeinschaften auf. Mithilfe der Seekuh wird untersucht, wessen Auslöschung überhaupt Trauer erfährt und wie diese mithilfe der in naturhistorischen Museen zusammengesetzten Knochengerüste her‐ und dargestellt wird. Fragen nach der Verbindung von Emotion und imperialen Machtstrukturen spielen dabei ebenso eine Rolle, wie die von Sammlungsinstitutionen genutzten Erzählungen letzter Individuen, tragischer Abgesänge und die Kommodifizierung der Überreste des Tieres. Abschließend wird Trauer als Möglichkeit berücksichtigt, über Artengrenzen hinweg zu verbinden.
Single‐cell transcriptome sequencing reveals SPP1‐CD44‐mediated macrophage–tumor cell interactions drive chemoresistance in TNBC
Authors: Liu Fuzhong , Zhang Junfeng , Gu Xiaowei , Guo Qiuyang , Guo Wenjia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is often considered one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer, characterized by a high recurrence rate and low overall survival (OS). It is notorious for posing challenges related to drug resistance. While there has been progress in TNBC research, the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy resistance in TNBC remain largely elusive. We collect single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data from five TNBC patients susceptible to chemotherapy and five resistant cases. Comprehensive analyses involving copy number variation (CNV), pseudotime trajectory, cell–cell interactions, pseudospace analysis, as well as transcription factor and functional enrichment are conducted specifically on macrophages and malignant cells. Furthermore, we performed validation experiments on clinical samples using multiplex immunofluorescence. We identified a subset of SPP1+ macrophages that secrete SPP1 signals interacting with CD44 on malignant cell surfaces, potentially activating the PDE3B pathway within malignant cells via the integrin pathway, leading to chemotherapy resistance. The abnormally enhanced SPP1 signal between macrophages and malignant cells may serve as a factor promoting chemotherapy resistance in TNBC patients. Therefore, SPP1+ macrophages could potentially serve as a therapeutic target to reduce chemotherapy resistance.
Unveiling the limits of precision in iterative MINFLUX
Authors: Smith Carlas , Kalisvaart Dylan , Prakash Kirti 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn single‐molecule microscopy, a big question is how precisely we can estimate the location of a single molecule. Our research shows that by using iterative localisation microscopy and factoring in the prior information, we can boost precision and reduce the number of photons needed. Leveraging the Van Trees inequality aids in determining the optimal precision achievable. Our approach holds promise for wider application in discerning the optimal precision across diverse imaging scenarios, encompassing various illumination strategies, point spread functions and overarching control methodologies.
Analyzing the accuracy of a cross‐mounting technique utilizing digitized interocclusal records
Authors: Kan Elena , Luu Dianne , Kim Soo‐Woo , Liu Richard , Lee Jason D. , Lee Sang J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare the accuracy of a partially digital cross‐mounting workflow of direct scans of interocclusal records to a conventional workflow by analyzing the deviations of sequentially cross‐mounted casts.Materials and methodsA set of reference casts, comprising maxillary and mandibular full‐arch prepared casts and interim prostheses, was articulated, mounted, and scanned to generate four reference casts for cross‐mounting. In the conventional approach, 15 sets of these four casts were printed. Polyvinylsiloxane (PVS) records were made using the reference casts and utilized for sequential cross‐mounting. In the partially digital group, the same PVS interocclusal records were scanned and used for digital cross‐mounting via design software. The mean deviations of both groups from the reference cast were analyzed using a 3D inspection software program. Statistical tests, including paired t‐test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), were conducted to compare the average discrepancies between the two groups and to evaluate discrepancies in the anterior and posterior regions (α = 0.05).ResultsThe range of discrepancies was similar in both the conventional and partially digital groups. The final set of related casts had a mean deviation of 201.58 ± 136.98 mm in the conventional workflow and 248.69 ± 164.71 mm in the partially digital workflow. No statistically significant difference was found between conventional and partially digital groups (p = 0.091). Error propagation was examined by comparing discrepancies at each step within the cross‐mounting process. In the conventional group, no significant difference was found (p = 0.148), but a significant difference was found among groups in the partially digital group at each step of sequential mounting (p < 0.001). A significant difference was observed between anterior and posterior deviations in the partially digital group (p < 0.001), but not in the conventional group (p = 0.143).ConclusionsThe study reveals that there is no statistically significant difference between conventional and partially digital cross‐mounting workflows. However, within the partially digital group, a significant difference in deviation emerges across cross‐mounting steps, with increased deviation in the anterior region.
Intraoral scanner‐based virtual facebow transferring: A chairside dental technique
Authors: Yang Shengtao , Wu Lei , Alabkaa Baraa , Lepidi Luca , Yue Li , Li Junying 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccurately mounting dental casts on an articulator is an essential step in prosthetic treatments. In digital dentistry, virtual articulator mounting procedures rely on virtual facebow records. However, virtual facebow records usually require devices like face scanners or jaw motion tracking systems that are not commonly available in most dental practices. The present technique report describes a straightforward intraoral scanner‐based virtual facebow transfer approach. In this technique, a reference facebow joint support was first scanned and aligned with a virtual articulator. Then, a patient's facebow joint support and bite fork assembly were scanned chairside with an intraoral scanner and aligned with the virtual articulator by matching common features with the reference facebow joint support. After aligning the patient's intraoral scans with the patient's bite fork scan that was already superimposed on the virtual articulator, a virtual mounting process was achieved. Once the corresponding reference facebow joint supports have been generated, this technique can be easily implemented with most facebow systems and be seamlessly integrated into daily clinical practice as only an intraoral scanner and a conventional facebow were required.
Screening rates for hepatitis B and C among low‐income US veterans: Data from the National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences Study
Authors: Beydoun Hind A. , Tsai Jack 
Published: July 2024

AbstractScreening for viral hepatitis is considered a high‐priority area in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Yet, few studies have examined viral hepatitis screening test use among low‐income veterans who are considered high‐risk with limited healthcare access. Using cross‐sectional data from 933 participants in the 2021–2022 National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences (NV‐HOPE) study, we examined rates and correlates of lifetime screening for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infections. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated characteristics associated with HBV/HCV screening. Nearly 16% and 21% reported lifetime HBV and HCV screening, respectively. These rates are considerably lower than HBV (47.3%) and HCV (92.9%) screening rates documented among contemporaneous veterans in VHA electronic health records. In the NV‐HOPE data, veterans 50–79 years were more likely than those ≥80 years of age to ever‐screen for HBV/HCV. Whereas, household income was inversely related to lifetime screening behaviours, veterans reporting ‘other’ employment types (vs. full‐time/part‐time employment) were more likely to ever‐screen for HBV/HCV. Ever‐screening for HBV was more likely among veterans reporting non‐Hispanic ‘other’ (vs. non‐Hispanic ‘white’) race, housing instability, Medicaid insurance, as well as drug use and cognitive disorder histories. Living with ≥5 members (vs. alone), histories of alcohol use, cancer, and liver disorders were also correlated with ever‐screening for HCV. HIV/AIDS history correlated with ever‐screening for HBV/HCV. In conclusion, fewer than one‐third of low‐income US veterans ever‐screened for HBV/HCV, with lower screening rates among those less likely to be exposed to viral hepatitis, thereby informing interventions aimed at promoting available screening, treatment and vaccinations for HBV/HCV.
The double mediating effect of stress regulation and life satisfaction on music use as a coping mechanism and happiness in Chinese older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Wang Jie , Suh Kyung Hyun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the relationship between music use as a coping mechanism and subjective happiness among Chinese older adults (COAs) during Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19); it also focused on the mediating effect of stress regulation by music and life satisfaction in this relationship.MethodsParticipants were 329 male and female Chinese adults aged 60 years or older. Data were collected using the Sojump application for an online survey. The double mediating effect was analyzed using PROCESS Macro 3.5 Model 6.ResultsThe results revealed that music use as a coping mechanism and stress regulation by music were not significantly correlated with subjective happiness of COAs, whereas these were positively correlated with their life satisfaction. Additionally, life satisfaction of COAs was positively correlated with subjective happiness. Stress regulation by music and life satisfaction completely mediated the relationship between music use as a coping mechanism and subjective happiness of COAs during COVID‐19. In the double mediation model, music use as a coping mechanism positively influenced stress regulation by music (β = 0.704), stress regulation by music positively influenced life satisfaction (β = 0.162), and life satisfaction positively influenced subjective happiness (β = 0.498).ConclusionTherefore, music can promote happiness in COAs in stressful situations through stress regulation and life satisfaction.