bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What do European stock markets prefer? Left or right governments?
Authors: Stoian Andreea , Tatu-Cornea Delia 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the political partisanship of government in charges of returns on the European stock markets. The authors found a large body of research investigating this issue for the case of US stock market but less evidence for the European stock markets.Design/methodology/approach– The authors employ a panel data model with fixed-effects and an additional dynamic panel model using the bias-corrected LSDV estimator on a data set consisting of monthly and quarterly data. The data range from 2000 to 2010 and cover 20 European Union (EU) countries. The authors test several hypotheses, and run distinct regressions using political, financial, and economic variables. The authors also divide the data set into two sub-samples in order to reveal the distinctions between advanced and emerging economies in the EU.Findings– The authors find that stock markets perform better under right-wing administrations. The result is consistent for the advanced EU economies, but the authors found no robust evidence in that sense for emerging countries. Additionally, the authors show that European stock market preferences for right/left-wing administrations is not necessarily related to the beliefs about the size of unemployment, inflation, deficit, and/or debt, which opens the field for further research in this area.Originality/value– The study contributes to existing knowledge. It examines if Wall Street folklore, asserting for many decades that stock markets perform better under right-wing governments, also holds for European stock markets given the distinctions in the political and financial systems between USA and Europe. Moreover, the authors underline the introduction in the analysis of the Central and Eastern European countries.
Intracoronary electrocardiogram during alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy predicts myocardial injury size
Authors: Meng Jing , Qu Xiaolong , Huang Haiyun , Zhang Shanwen , Zhao Weibo , He Guoxiang , Song Zhiyuan , Hu Houyuan 
Published: October 2015

SummaryAlcohol septal ablation (ASA) has been used widely to treat patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). During the routine ASA procedure, it is difficult to detect the septal injury in real‐time. The aim of the present study is to assess myocardial injury during ASA by recording intracoronary electrocardiogram (IC‐ECG). From 2012 to 2015, 31 HOCM patients were treated with ASA, and IC‐ECG was recorded in 21 patients successfully before and after ethanol injection. The elevation of ST‐segment on IC‐ECG after ethanol injection was expressed as its ratio to the level before injection or the absolute increasing value. Blood samples were collected before and after ASA for measuring changes in cardiac biomarkers. The ratio value of ST‐segment elevation was positively correlated with both the amount of ethanol injected (r = 0.645, P = 0.001) and the myocardial injury size (creatine kinase‐MB area under the curve (AUC) of CK‐MB) (r = 0.466, P = 0.017). The absolute increment of ST‐segment was also positively associated with both the amount of ethanol (r = 0.665, P = 0.001) and AUC of CK‐MB (0.685, P = 0.001). However, there was no statistical correlation between the reduction of left ventricular outflow tract gradient and ST‐segment elevation. Additionally no severe ASA procedure‐related complications were observed in our patients. In conclusion, myocardial injury induced by ethanol injection can be assessed immediately by ST‐segment elevation on IC‐ECG. This study is the first to show that IC‐ECG is a useful method for predicting myocardial injury during ASA in real‐time.
Analysis of metagenomic data reveals common features of halophilic viral communities across continents
Authors: Roux Simon , Enault Francois , Ravet Viviane , Colombet Jonathan , Bettarel Yvan , Auguet Jean‐Christophe , Bouvier Thierry , Lucas‐Staat Soizick , Vellet Agnès , Prangishvili David , Forterre Patrick , Debroas Didier , Sime‐Ngando Telesphore 
Published: October 2015

SummaryMicrobial communities from hypersaline ponds, dominated by halophilic archaea, are considered specific of such extreme conditions. The associated viral communities have accordingly been shown to display specific features, such as similar morphologies among different sites. However, little is known about the genetic diversity of these halophilic viral communities across the Earth. Here, we studied viral communities in hypersaline ponds sampled on the coast of Senegal (8–36% of salinity) using metagenomics approach, and compared them with hypersaline viromes from Australia and Spain. The specificity of hyperhalophilic viruses could first be demonstrated at a community scale, salinity being a strong discriminating factor between communities. For the major viral group detected in all samples (Caudovirales), only a limited number of halophilic Caudovirales clades were highlighted. These clades gather viruses from different continents and display consistent genetic composition, indicating that they represent related lineages with a worldwide distribution. Non‐tailed hyperhalophilic viruses display a greater rate of gene transfer and recombination, with uncharacterized genes conserved across different kind of viruses and plasmids. Thus, hypersaline viral communities around the world appear to form a genetically consistent community that are likely to harbour new genes coding for enzymes specifically adapted to these environments.
Associations of Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders With Presenting Problems and Outcomes in Older Adults’ Emergency Department Visits
Authors: Choi Namkee G. , DiNitto Diana M. , Marti C. Nathan , Choi Bryan Y. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe increasing prevalence of mental health and/or substance use disorders in older adults is a significant public health issue affecting their health, health care use, and health care outcomes. These disorders are especially prevalent in emergency department (ED) visits. This study examined the effect of mental health and substance use disorders on older adults’ ED presenting problems and outcomes.MethodsData were from the publicly available 2012 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample data set (unweighted n = 5,344,743 visits by the 65+ years age group). We used binary logistic regression analysis to test relationships between mental health and substance use disorders and suicide attempts, falls, and other injuries and multinomial logistic regression analysis to test relationships between the disorders and ED outcomes of death, hospital admission, transfer to institutional care, home health care, leaving against medical advice (AMA), or other or unknown destinations, as opposed to routine care.ResultsOf ED visits by older adults, 5.1% involved anxiety disorders, 7.1% involved mood disorders, 10.45% involved delirium/dementia, 1.4% involved alcohol use disorders, and 0.6% involved drug use disorders; 0.2% were suicide‐related, 12.0% involved falls, and 10.2% involved other injuries. Mental health and substance use disorders had large‐to‐medium effects on suicide attempts. Both dementia and delirium and alcohol use disorders had a small effect on falls. Drug use disorders had a small effect on other injuries. Anxiety disorder had a small effect on the risk of death in the ED or in the hospital, relative to routine care. Suicide attempts and drug use disorders had a medium effect on hospital admission. Suicide attempts had a large effect, delirium and dementia and other mental disorders had medium effects, and mood disorder had a small effect on the risk of transfer to another facility. Delirium and dementia, suicide attempts, and drug use disorders had small effects on the risk of discharge with home health care. Alcohol use disorders and drug use disorders had a small effect on the risk of leaving AMA. Finally, suicide attempts had a medium effect on the risk of other outcomes and unknown destinations.ConclusionsLate‐life mental health and substance use disorders are significant risk factors for both intentional self‐harm and unintentional injuries that bring older adults to the ED and contribute to ED dispositions and outcomes that involve more intensive and longer‐term health care services. The findings underscore the importance of detection and treatment of these disorders among older adults before they end up in the ED.
How Do Emergency Medicine Residency Programs Structure Their Clinical Competency Committees? A Survey
Authors: Doty Christopher I. , Roppolo Lynn P. , Asher Shellie , Seamon Jason P. , Bhat Rahul , Taft Stephanie , Graham Autumn , Willis James 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) recently has mandated the formation of a clinical competency committee (CCC) to evaluate residents across the newly defined milestone continuum. The ACGME has been nonproscriptive of how these CCCs are to be structured in order to provide flexibility to the programs.ObjectivesNo best practices for the formation of CCCs currently exist. We seek to determine common structures of CCCs recently formed in the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors (CORD) member programs and identify unique structures that have been developed.MethodsIn this descriptive study, an 18‐question survey was distributed via the CORD listserv in the late fall of 2013. Each member program was asked questions about the structure of its CCC. These responses were analyzed with simple descriptive statistics.ResultsA total of 116 of the 160 programs responded, giving a 73% response rate. Of responders, most (71.6%) CCCs are chaired by the associate or assistant program director, while a small number (14.7%) are chaired by a core faculty member. Program directors (PDs) chair 12.1% of CCCs. Most CCCs are attended by the PD (85.3%) and selected core faculty members (78.5%), leaving the remaining committees attended by any core faculty. Voting members of the CCC consist of the residency leadership either with the PD (53.9%) or without the PD (36.5%) as a voting member. CCCs have an average attendance of 7.4 members with a range of three to 15 members. Of respondents, 53.1% of CCCs meet quarterly while 37% meet monthly. The majority of programs (76.4%) report a system to match residents with a faculty mentor or advisor. Of respondents, 36% include the resident's faculty mentor or advisor to discuss a particular resident. Milestone summaries (determination of level for each milestone) are the primary focus of discussion (93.8%), utilizing multiple sources of information.ConclusionsThe substantial variability and diversity found in our CORD survey of CCC structure and function suggest that there are myriad strategies that residency programs can use to match individual program needs and resources to requirements of the ACGME. Identifying a single protocol for CCC structure and development may prove challenging.
Multi‐Electrode Array for Transcutaneous Lumbar Posterior Root Stimulation
Authors: Krenn Matthias , Hofstoetter Ursula S. , Danner Simon M. , Minassian Karen , Mayr Winfried 
Published: October 2015

AbstractInterest in transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord is increasing in human electrophysiological and clinical studies. The stimulation effects on lower limb muscles depend on the depolarization of segmentally organized posterior root afferents and, thus, the rostro‐caudal stimulation site. In previous studies, selective stimulation was achieved by varying the positions of single self‐adhesive electrodes over the thoracolumbar spine. Here, we developed a multi‐electrode surface array consisting of 3 × 8 electrode pads and tested its stimulation‐site specificity. The array was placed longitudinally over the spine covering the T10–L2 vertebrae. Two different hydrogel layer configurations were utilized: a single layer adhered to all electrode pads of the array and a configuration comprised of eight separate strips attached to the three transverse electrode pads of each level. Voltage measurements demonstrated that an effectively focused field distribution along the longitudinal extent of the array was not accomplished when using the single continuous hydrogel layer, and segmental selective stimulation of the posterior root afferents was not possible. The separate strips produced a focused electric field distribution at the rostro‐caudal level of the electrode pads selected for stimulation. This configuration allowed for the preferential elicitation of posterior root‐muscle reflexes in either the L2–L4 innervated quadriceps or the L5–S2 innervated triceps surae muscle groups. Such multi‐electrode array for transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation shall allow for improved control of stimulation conditions in electrophysiological studies and time‐dependent and site‐specific stimulation patterns for neuromodulation applications.
The distributions of Chinese yak breeds in response to climate change over the past 50 years
Authors: Wu Jianguo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe effects of prior climate change on yak breed distributions are uncertain. Here, we measured changes in the distributions of 12 yak breeds over the past 50 years in China and examined whether the changes could be attributed to climate change. Long‐term records of yak breed distribution, grey relational analysis, fuzzy sets classification techniques and attribution methods were used. Over the past 50 years, the distributions of several yak breeds have changed in multiple directions, mainly shifting northward or westward, and most of these changes are related to the thermal index. Driven by climate change over the past years, the suitable range and the distribution centers of certain yak breeds have changed with fluctuation and have mainly shifted northward, eastward or southward. The consistency of observed versus predicted changes in distribution boundaries or distribution centers is higher for certain yak breeds. Changes in the eastern distribution boundary of two yak breeds over the past 50 years can be attributed to climate change.
Review of applications of fluorescence excitation spectroscopy to dermatology
Authors: Franco W. , Gutierrez-Herrera E. , Kollias N. , Doukas A. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryEndogenous molecules that exhibit fluorescence hold the potential to serve as reporters of tissue structure, activity and physiology. Fluorescence excitation spectroscopy is one means to measure and express tissue's innate fluorescence. This review focuses on the application of endogenous fluorescence ultraviolet excitation spectroscopy to dermatology.
Prediction of disease severity in neuromyelitis optica by the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 produced during remission phase
Authors: Barros P O , Cassano T , Hygino J , Ferreira T B , Centurião N , Kasahara T M , Andrade R M , Linhares U C , Andrade A F B , Vasconcelos C C F , Alvarenga R , Marignier R , Bento C A M 
Published: October 2015

Summary
T helper type 17 (Th17) cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). As humanized anti-interleukin (IL)-6R (tocilizumab) immunoglobulin (Ig)G has been used as disease-modifying therapy for NMO, the objective of our study was to investigate the role of endogenous IL-6 on NMO-derived CD4+ T cell behaviour. High production of IL-6, IL-17 and IL-21 by CD4+ T-cells was detected in NMO patients. Further, IL-21 and IL-6 levels were related directly to the level of neurological disabilities. The addition of anti-IL-6R IgG not only reduced directly the production of these cytokines, but also almost abolished the ability of activated autologous monocytes in enhancing IL-6, IL-17 and IL-21 release by CD4+ T cells. In contrast, the production of IL-10 was amplified in those cell cultures. Further, anti-IL-6R monoclonal antibodies (mAb) also potentiated the ability of glucocorticoid in reducing Th17 cytokines. Finally, the in-vivo and in-vitro IL-6 levels were significantly higher among those patients who experienced clinical relapse during 2-year follow-up. In summary, our results suggest a deleterious role of IL-6 in NMO by favouring, at least in part, the expansion of corticoid-resistant Th17 cells.
Leaping to Conclusions: Why Premise Relevance Affects Argument Strength
Authors: Ransom Keith J. , Perfors Andrew , Navarro Daniel J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEveryday reasoning requires more evidence than raw data alone can provide. We explore the idea that people can go beyond this data by reasoning about how the data was sampled. This idea is investigated through an examination of premise non‐monotonicity, in which adding premises to a category‐based argument weakens rather than strengthens it. Relevance theories explain this phenomenon in terms of people's sensitivity to the relationships among premise items. We show that a Bayesian model of category‐based induction taking premise sampling assumptions and category similarity into account complements such theories and yields two important predictions: First, that sensitivity to premise relationships can be violated by inducing a weak sampling assumption; and second, that premise monotonicity should be restored as a result. We test these predictions with an experiment that manipulates people's assumptions in this regard, showing that people draw qualitatively different conclusions in each case.
The prognostic relevance of oxygen uptake in inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Richter Manuel Jonas , Pader Philip , Gall Henning , Reichenberger Frank , Seeger Werner , Mayer Eckhard , Guth Stefan , Kramm Thorsten , Grimminger Friedrich , Ghofrani Hossein A. , Voswinckel Robert 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundPatients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) present with a decreased oxygen uptake, however, the prognostic relevance of oxygen uptake (VO2) in inoperable CTEPH is unknown.MethodsPatients with inoperable CTEPH were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were assessed by means of right heart catheterisation and cardio pulmonary exercise testing in semisupine position with a 30 Watt increment step‐protocol.ResultsOne‐hundred and fifty‐one patients (82 female (54.3%), mean age 61 ± 12.4 years) presented with a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of 40.2 ± 14.2 mmHg and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) of 641.9 ± 374.8 dyne∗s/cm5. The peak VO2 (mean 13.1 ± 4.5 mL∗kg−1∗min−1) was measured at initial referral. Over a follow‐up of up to 10 years (mean 4.41 ± 2.57 years), 31 patients had died. Patients with a baseline peak VO2 ≥ 10.7 mL∗kg−1∗min−1 [area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.728, P = 0.001] had better survival than those with a peak VO2 ≤ 10.7 mL∗kg−1∗min−1 using Kaplan–Meier analysis (88.8% vs 60.1%; log rank P = 0.001). Adjusting for age, gender and PVR, multivariate analysis identified peak VO2 as a predictor of mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 2.78, 95% CI 1.01–7.63, P = 0.047]. In addition, peak VO2 failed as an independent prognostic factor in a stepwise multivariate model including all variables significant in the univariate analysis.ConclusionsIn patients with inoperable CTEPH the peak VO2 is a significant predictor of survival, when adjusting for age, gender and PVR. However, peak VO2 failed as an independent prognostic factor when correcting for all significant baseline variables, which is limiting the clinical usability.
A new compound heterozygous CFTR mutation in a Chinese family with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Xie Yingjun , Huang Xueqiong , Liang Yujian , Xu Lingling , Pei Yuxin , Cheng Yucai , Zhang Lidan , Tang Wen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionCystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease among Caucasians but is rarer in the Chinese population, because mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.ObjectivesTo elucidate the causative role of a novel compound heterozygous mutation of CF.Materials and MethodsIn this study, clinical samples were obtained from two siblings with recurrent airway infections, clubbed fingers, salt‐sweat and failure to gain weight in a non‐consanguineous Chinese family. Next‐generation sequencing was performed on the 27 coding exons of CFTR in both children, with confirmation by Sanger sequencing.ResultsNext‐generation sequencing showed the same compound heterozygous CFTR mutation (c.865A>T p.Arg289X and c.3651_3652insAAAT p.Tyr1219X) in both children.ConclusionsAs this mutation is consistent with the clinical manifestations of CF and no other mutations were detected after scanning the gene sequence, we suggest that the CF phenotype is caused by compound heterozygosity for c.865A>T and c.3651_3652insAAAT. As c865A>T is not currently listed in the “Cystic Fibrosis Mutation Database”, this information about CF in a Chinese population is of interest.
An analysis of the quality indicators of the organ donation process in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Moura Luciana Carvalho , de Oliveira Priscilla Caroliny , dos Santos Juliana Guareschi , Paglione Heloisa Barboza , do Nascimento Neto Jose Maria , dos Santos Roberta Cristina Cardoso , de Oliveira Marcos Marli Cristina , Carneiro André Ramos , Moreira Felipe Alves , Correa Calado Dayana Aparecida Martins , Leite Renata Fabiana , de Aguiar Roza Bartira , de Oliveira Salvalaggio Paolo Rogerio , de Matos Ana Cristina Carvalho 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated whether quality initiatives in the process of organ donation yield better results of the organ donation process.ObjectiveTo analyze whether the indicators of the organ donation process in Brazilian hospitals meet the standards established by the Organ Donation European Quality System (ODEQUS).DesignWe evaluated the quality of the organ donation in a selected group of Brazilian hospitals served by the Nucleus of Organ Procurement (NOP) using standards of the ODEQUS.ResultsStructural and process indicators had 100% conformity. Indicators of results showed a family consent rate of 61% (29% lower than ODEQUS goal); a conversion rate of potential donors to effective donors of 47% (28% below the goal); and a 12% rate of sudden cardiac arrest (higher than the quality limit).ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance for the development of quality initiatives in identifying gaps and weaknesses in the process that should be corrected or even restructured, therefore maximizing the number of donors and organs transplanted. Hospitals that participate in the NOP process met 61% of the quality indicators proposed by ODEQUS. Identification of potential donors, family consent, conversion, and sudden cardiac arrest rates are areas that did not conform to ODEQUS standard and revealed a great opportunity for improvement.