bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid E-Glass/Basalt (H-BE) Composites Confinement for Reinforced Concrete Square Columns and Development of Stress-Strain Models
Authors: Thansirichaisree Phromphat , Mohamad Hisham , Ejaz Ali , Saingam Panumas , Hussain Qudeer 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study performs an experimental and analytical framework to explore the compressive response of concrete confined with hybridized chopped glass and Basalt (H-BE) layers. The research variables comprised the strength of unconfined concrete and the quantity of H-BE layers. Results showed significant improvements in ultimate strength, ultimate strain, and ductility with H-BE confinement, up to 161% and 269% enhancement, respectively. Unconfined concrete strength inversely affected the efficiency of confinement, while the magnitude of H-BE layers had a positive influence. The maximum enhancement in ultimate strain for low, medium, and high unconfined strength types was 219%, 146%, and 111%, respectively. An analogous trend in ultimate strength was noted, demonstrating 161%, 83%, and 33% increase for low, medium, and high unconfined strength, respectively. The elastic modulus increased with the magnitude of H-BE confinement and unconfined concrete strength. The stress vs. strain response of H-BE-strengthened concrete was characterized by an initial parabolic part, which was succeeded by a linear branch with a gentler slope. Based on regression analysis, specific expressions were presented for different key points on the curve, and their efficiency was evaluated with the coefficient of determination (𝑅2) valuesexceeding 0.90. Moreover, a methodology was presented to precisely predict the complete stress vs. strain response of concrete under H-BE confinement based on the proposed expressions. The comparison between predicted and experimental curves demonstrated close agreement, validating the proposed approach.
Labour productivity disparities in European regions: the impact of agglomeration effects
Authors: Gómez-Tello Alicia , Murgui-García María-José , Sanchis-Llopis María-Teresa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Disparities in regional productivity in Europe have increased since 2000, and the rapid progress of the richest regions is considered to be one of the main forces behind this change. In this paper we estimate a production function, taking into account spatial dependence where labour productivity depends on regional capital intensity, knowledge-related variables (human capital and patent intensity) and the presence of agglomeration economies. The data covers a set of 121 NUTS-2 regions belonging to nine European countries over the period 2000–2014. Our econometric analysis throws up new and robust evidence pointing to the positive total impact of agglomeration on regional levels of labour productivity. We find that the positive externalities deriving from agglomeration are significant only in the region itself (direct impact), while the physical and human capital exhibit direct positive effects that are partially counterbalanced by the presence of negative spatial spillovers. But, while physical capital per worker preserves a significant positive total effect, the human capital does not. Finally, we find that knowledge generation impacts directly in local labour productively and spread out significantly to other regions. These results are used to propose a more balanced use of regional policies to propel territorial resources in order to compensate the dominance of agglomeration economies.
JEL classification: R10; R11; R12.
Destabilisation of Alzheimer’s Amyloid-β Protofibrils by Baicalein: Mechanistic Insights from All-atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Choudhury Sadika , Dasmahapatra Ashok Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and the fifth leading cause of death globally. Aggregation and deposition of neurotoxic Aβ fibrils in the neural tissues of the brain is a key hallmark in AD pathogenesis. Destabilisation studies of the amyloid-peptide by various natural molecules are highly relevant due to their neuroprotective and therapeutic potential for AD. We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to investigate the destabilisation mechanism of amyloidogenic protofilament intermediate by Baicalein (BCL), a naturally occurring flavonoid. We found that the BCL molecule formed strong hydrophobic contacts with non-polar residues, specifically F19, A21, V24, and I32 of Chain A and B of the pentameric protofibril. Upon binding, it competed with the native hydrophobic contacts of the Aβ protein. BCL loosened the tight packing of the hydrophobic core by disrupting the hydrogen bonds and the prominent D23-K28 inter-chain salt bridges of the protofibril. The decrease in the structural stability of Aβ protofibrils was confirmed by the increased RMSD, radius of gyration, solvent accessible surface area (SASA), and reduced β-sheet content. PCA indicated that the presence of the BCL molecule intensified protofibril motions, particularly affecting residues in Chain A and B regions. Our findings propose that BCL would be a potent destabiliser of Aβ protofilament, and may be considered as a therapeutic agent in treating AD.
Evidential Deep Learning for Interatomic Potentials
Authors: Su Mao , Xu Han , Cui Taoyong , Tang Chenyu , Zhou Dongzhan , Li Yuqiang , Gao Xiang , Gong Xin-Gao , Ouyang Wanli , Zhang Shufei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) have been widely used to facilitate large scale molecular simulations with ab initio level accuracy. However, MLIP-based molecular simulations frequently encounter the issue of collapse due to decreased prediction accuracy for out-of-distribution (OOD) data. To mitigate this issue, it is crucial to enrich the training set with active learning, where uncertainty estimation serves as an effective method for identifying and collecting OOD data. Therefore, a feasible method for uncertainty estimation in MLIPs is desired. The existing methods either require expensive computations or compromise prediction accuracy. In this work, we introduce evidential deep learning for interatomic potentials (eIP) with a physics-inspired design. Our experiments demonstrate that eIP consistently generates reliable uncertainties without incurring notable additional computational costs, while the prediction accuracy remains unchanged. Furthermore, we present an eIP-based active learning workflow, where eIP is used not only to estimate the uncertainty of molecular data but also to perform uncertainty-driven dynamics simulations. Our findings show that eIP enables efficient sampling for a more diverse dataset, thereby advancing the feasibility of MLIP-based molecular simulations.
Simultaneous accelerated stress testing of the proton exchange membrane, catalyst layer, and gas diffusion layer in polymer electrolyte fuel cells
Authors: Yoshimune Wataru , Kato Akihiko , Hayakawa Tetsuichiro , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Kato Satoru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The durability of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) in fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) is important for the shift from passenger cars to heavy-duty vehicles. The components of a PEFC, namely the proton exchange membrane (PEM), catalyst layer (CL), and gas diffusion layer (GDL), contribute to the degradation of the fuel cell performance. These degradation studies were conducted independently and focused on PEMs and CLs. The degraded fuel cell stack in FCEVs is completely replaced. Therefore, it is necessary to counteract rapid material degradation in PEFCs. In this paper, we propose a method for simultaneously evaluating the degradation rates of these components by combining electrochemical characterization with operando synchrotron X-ray radiography. The open-circuit voltage, electrochemically active surface area, and water saturation were used as the degradation indicators for the PEMs, CLs, and GDLs, respectively. The results of two accelerated stress tests (loading and start-stop cycles) showed that the increase in water saturation owing to the loss of hydrophobicity due to carbon corrosion in the cathode GDL occurred on the same time scale as the degradation in the PEM and cathode CL. This suggests that more efforts should be devoted to studies on the durability of GDLs for heavy-duty applications.
Title: Qualitative Assessment of a Novel Results-Based Partnership between National Wastewater Surveillance Centers of Excellence and Utility Companies, Houston (Texas), Colorado, Wisconsin, and California, 2023.
Authors: Turner Hannah , Horter Libby , Welton Michael , Martinez Cristina , Soelaeman Rieza , Tatti Kathleen , Louis Souci , Santibanez Scott , Kirby Amy , Fehernbach Nicole , Person John , Valencia Diana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) initiated the National Wastewater Surveillance System (NWSS) in September 2020. Four Centers of Excellence (COEs) were established between 2021–2023 in Houston (Texas), Colorado, Wisconsin, and California to guide wastewater surveillance efforts for public health. Our objective was to increase understanding of factors that facilitated implementation of wastewater surveillance from the perspectives and experiences shared by health department COEs and wastewater utility partners.
Methods
We used a purposive sampling strategy to select eight key respondents from the four NWSS COEs and four respective wastewater utility partners. We conducted in-depth interviews related to the implementation of wastewater surveillance and identified common experiences and key points from interview transcription files. Insights on WWS implementation from COEs and wastewater utility partners were distilled from the responses into lessons learned.
Results
Three primary themes emerged after we analyzed the interview responses: perceived community benefits from wastewater surveillance, collaboration and trust building among partners that helped program advancement, and sustainability strategies and considerations.
Conclusion
This analysis has highlighted the importance of partnerships and collaborations.
Complete resolution of acute abamectin toxicity; a deep dive into the pathophysiology leading to appropriate management: A case report
Authors: Sadiq Rizwan , Anjum Muhammad Mehwar , Mian Muhammad Umar , Rizwan Muhammad , Butt Aqsa Aamir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Abamectin toxicity in humans is an uncommon but potentially fatal cause of pesticide poisoning. In this case report, a 14-year-old boy drank almost 50 ml of 1.8% Abamectin pesticide spray. Based on the history given by his brother, the patient initially got irritable with a strong smell of poison and froth coming out of his mouth. At the time of presentation in the Emergency Department (ED), the patient was vomiting and then gradually developed altered mental status with hypotension, tachycardia, hyperaemic conjunctiva, and dermal erythema. He was treated symptomatically with antihistamines, steroids, fluids, and vaso-active agents. His vitals stabilised within 24 hours of the intake and after 3 days of hospital stay including 2 days of observation, he was discharged in good condition with complete recovery. Although abamectin intoxication has a higher threshold for toxicity in humans, there are still an increasing number of cases of it. Consumption of substantial amounts can still prove to be fatal. There is a lack of literature and research on its mechanism of toxicity, pathophysiology, or management guidelines. Yet cases like this are managed based on supportive principles with complete recovery and no sequelae.
Non-muscle Myosin Ii Inhibition at the Site of Axon Injury Increases Axon Regeneration
Authors: Woolf Clifford , Heo Keunjung , Ho Tammy , Zeng Xiangsunze , Turnes Bruna , Arab Maryam , Jayakar Selwyn , Chen Kuchuan , Kimourtzis Georgios , Condro Michael , Fazzari Elisa , Song Xuan , Hees J. Tabitha , Xu Zhuqiu , Chen Xirui , Barrett Lee , Perrault Laura , Pandey Roshan , Zhang Kathleen , Bhaduri Aparna , He Zhigang , Kornblum Harley , Hubbs Jed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Motor axon regeneration following peripheral nerve injury is critical for motor recovery but therapeutic interventions enhancing this are not available. We conducted a phenotypic screen on human motor neurons and identified blebbistatin, a non-muscle myosin II inhibitor, as the most effective neurite outgrowth promotor. Despite its efficacy in vitro, its poor bioavailability limits in vivo application. We, therefore, utilized a blebbistatin analog, NMIIi2, to explore its therapeutic potential for promoting axon regeneration. Local NMIIi2 application directly to injured axons enhanced regeneration in human and mouse motor neurons in vitro. Furthermore, following a sciatic nerve crush injury in mice, local NMIIi2 administration to the axonal injury site facilitated motor axon outgrowth, muscle reinnervation, and functional recovery. NMIIi2 also promoted axon regeneration in sensory, cortical, and retinal ganglion neurons. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of topical NMII inhibition for treating axon damage.
Menstrual Blood Biomarkers for the Noninvasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis: A Review
Authors: Amanda Clara Riski , Hestiantoro Andon , Asmarinah  
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Diagnosis of endometriosis remains challenging, as the diagnostic delay is still encountered. This phenomenon is in accordance with the reported cases, in which the definitive diagnosis is approximately issued by 7—12 years delayed onset of symptoms. Many findings have reported several putative biomarkers from various resources, but no single biomarker displayed enough accuracy to be used outside the research setting. As the primary source of retrograde menstruation, identifying the constituents of menstrual blood may provide critical information on the pathogenicity and dysregulation occurring in the endometrium milieu. Indeed, the recent findings on menstrual biomarkers have demonstrated significant progress in the quest for new alternative sources to diagnose endometriosis. Further research with a combination of different approaches and integrated panel biomarkers is needed to bring the menstrual blood biomarkers step forward to clinical application. Here, we reviewed the menstrual biomarkers that have been reported to date, unlocking the potential utility of menstrual blood to develop an early, noninvasive diagnosis of endometriosis.
Investigating experiences of stigma and its impact on substance use recovery among residents of recovery residences in the United States: A scoping review protocol. BSGH 020
Authors: Ba’are Gamji Rabiu Ba’are , Hogarty Sahil , Shamrock Osman Wumpini , Russell Holly , Manchisi Kate , Smtih Van , Mericle Amy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The objective of this scoping review is to systematically review the literature on stigma experienced by residents in recovery residences and its impact on substance use recovery outcomes. The review will use the PRISMA-ScR framework to identify studies focused on stigma and recovery in recovery residences published in English within the United States since 2000, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies. Data will be extracted and analyzed thematically to identify gaps in the literature and inform future research and policy development. Preliminary findings suggest that stigma, including labeling and discrimination, significantly hinders recovery by promoting secrecy and withdrawal among residents. Proximity to recovery residences has been shown to reduce community stigma, indicating the potential for better integration and acceptance. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of stigma in recovery residences, its effects on substance use recovery, and recommendations for creating supportive recovery environments. The significance of this study lies in its potential to inform policy, practice, and research, highlighting the need for stigma reduction to improve recovery outcomes in recovery residences. By addressing gaps in the literature, the findings will contribute to developing more effective interventions and supportive environments for individuals recovering from substance use.
Impacto socioeconómico-ambiental de la aspersión de glifosato para la erradicación de cultivos de coca
Authors: Morales Deisy , Beltrán Lina 
Published: August 2024

El narcotráfico en Colombia ha estado presente desde hace más de cincuenta años, cuando se desató el boom de la marihuana y se ha intensificado con la continua demanda mundial de cocaína, que generó preocupación para los gobiernos. Por este motivo, desde los años 80, los gobiernos le han declarado la guerra a través de la implementación de estrategias de la política antidrogas. Por años, la lucha antidrogas se enfocó, fundamentalmente, en eliminar los cultivos ilícitos, mediante la aspersión aérea de glifosato, un herbicida cuyo uso ha sido polémico y ha suscitado un debate nacional que cuestiona su eficacia en la reducción de áreas sembradas de coca. En este contexto se ha planteado el objetivo de analizar el impacto ambiental y socioeconómico de la aspersión aérea con glifosato. Por consiguiente, la metodología se llevó a cabo mediante la revisión documental realizada con la recopilación, análisis e interpretación de la información obtenida. Los resultados mostraron que el glifosato representa una amenaza para la salud de la población, del medio ambiente y de la economía de subsistencia de las familias campesinas, que han tenido o tienen cultivos de coca. Por esta razón la implementación de esta estrategia, además de ser demasiado costosa, ha sido contraproducente.
Analisis Spasial Daerah Rawan Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas di Jalan Arteri Kota Padang
Authors: Januril Ramadhani Meli , Juita Erna , Zuriyani Elvi 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data, mengolah, menganalisis serta membahas distribusi spasial wilayah rentan Kecelakaan di Jalan Arteri Kota Padang dilihat dari :1) Distribusi Spasial Wilayah Rentan Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas di Jalan arteri Kota Padang 2) Pola spasial wilayah rawan kecelakaan di Kota Padang. 3) Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kecelakaan. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian : 1) Distribusi spasial daerah rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan arteri primer Kota Padang pada tahun 2019 terdapat daerah rawan dengan kategori sangat rawan pada jalan By Pass, Agak rawan pada jalan Adinegoro dan Padang-Solok. Pada tahun 2020 terdapat daerah rawan dengan kategori sangat rawan pada jalan By Pass , cukup rawan pada jalan Prof. Dr. Hamka dan agak rawan pada jalan Padang-Painan dan Padang Solok. Sedangkan pada tahun 2021,daerah rawan kecelakaan dengan kategori sangat rawan terdapat pada jalan By Pass, Rawan pada jalan Padang-Solok dan agak rawan pada jalan Adinegoro. 2) Pola persebaran kecelakaan lalu linta di jalan arteri Kota Padang termasuk kedalam pola persebaran mengelompok (cluster). 3) Faktor yang memicu terjadinya kecelakaan ialah jumlah penduduk yang tinggi dan kondisi jalan yang tidak memadai.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Visual Auditori Kinestetik (VAK) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Peserta didik Pada Materi Mitigasi Bencana di Kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 1 Jakarta
Authors: Salsabila Shafa Anis , Mataburu Ilham Badaruddin , Kusumawati Lia 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Visual Auditori Kinestetik terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Model Pembelajaran Visual Auditori Kinestetik adalah model pembelajaran yang mengoptimalkan ketiga gaya belajar (visual, auditori dan kinestetik). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Jakarta tahun ajaran 2022/2023 pada materi mitigasi bencana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment dengan penelitian pretest & posttest control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode cluster random sampling. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 33 siswa kelas kontrol dan 35 siswa kelas eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa lembar tes pilihan ganda sebanyak 20 soal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran visual auditori kinestetik memiliki peningkatan sebesar 18,86 dari 76,14 menjadi 57,29. Sedangkan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif yang hanya mencakup gaya belajar visual dan auditori memiliki peningkatan sebesar 5,76 dari 58,33 menjadi 64,09. Pada pengujian Independent Sample t Test diperoleh nilai Sig. (2-tailed) bernilai 0,007. Karena nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,007 < 0,05 maka ditolak dan diterima sehingga dapat disimpulkan penerapan model pembelajaran Visual Auditori Kinestetik memiliki pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi mitigasi bencana.
Analisis Kemampuan Lahan di DAS Pesing, Kabupaten Bantul Metode Weight Factor Matching dan Arithmetic Matching
Authors: Kurniawan Albertus Andri , Dhaifullah Abimanyu Williyant , Azzahra Alya Fasya 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan lahan di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Pesing, Kabupaten Bantul, menggunakan metode weight factor matchingdan arithmetic matching untuk pengelolaan berkelanjutan berdasarkan klasifikasi Arsyad (1989). Fokus penelitian terletak di Desa Segoroyoso, Kecamatan Pleret, yang berbatasan administratif dengan beberapa desa tetangga. Survei lapangan dan analisis laboratorium dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kemampuan lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa geomorfologi menjadi faktor utama yang memengaruhi kemampuan lahan di DAS Pesing. Satuan bentuklahan yang dianalisis mencakup bagian atas perbukitan struktural berbatuan andesit, bukit sisa, perbukitan monoklin, bagian bawah perbukitan struktural berbatuan pasir tufan, bagian bawah perbukitan struktural berbatuan pasir, dataran banjir, plain, dan bagian atas perbukitan struktural berbatuan pasir tufan yang diberi urutan nomor satuan lahan dari 1 hingga 8. Metode weight factor matching menghasilkan kelas kemampuan lahan IVd, VIIIs, IVr, VId, VIIIs, II, II, IVs untuk satuan bentuk lahan 1 hingga 8 secara berurutan. Sementara itu, metode arithmetic matching menghasilkan kelas IIId, Vf, IIIs, IIIr, VIIf, II, II, IIIs untuk satuan bentuk lahan yang sama. Hasil ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih holistik tentang variasi kemampuan lahan di DAS Pesing, memungkinkan penerapan strategi pengelolaan berkelanjutan yang lebih tepat dan efektif.
Implementasi New Publik Manajemen dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan di Rumah Sakit (RST) dr. Reksodiwiryo Padang
Authors: Adnan Fachri , Sinaga Alahan , Rizki Ananda Bobi 
Published: August 2024

The existence of bad services carried out by various hospitals in the area. So that there are people who complain about the health service The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of excellent service for patients who use the Social Security Administration Agency (BPJS) in the Inpatient Unit of Dr. Army Hospital. Reksodiwiryo Padang.. This study uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. Informants come from the hospital and the community who provide services. As for the results of this study, users show that excellent service for BPJS patients at RST Dr. Reksodiwiryo Padang has been running well with the existing Service Operational Standards (SOP) foundation. It's just that there are some obstacles found such as the path that is too long for the patient to go through, the lack of control over household facilities.