bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moduli spaces and the inverse Galois problem for cubic surfaces
Authors: Elsenhans Andreas-Stephan , Jahnel Jörg 
Published: March 2015

We study the moduli space

M

~

\widetilde {\mathscr {M}}

of marked cubic surfaces. By classical work of A. B. Coble, this has a compactification

M
~

\widetilde {M}

, which is linearly acted upon by the group

W
(

E
6

)

W(E_6)

.

M
~

\widetilde {M}

is given as the intersection of 30 cubics in

P

9

\mathbf {P}^9

. For the morphism

M

~

→

P

(
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
)

\widetilde {\mathscr {M}} \to \mathbf {P}(1,2,3,4,5)

forgetting the marking, followed by Clebsch’s invariant map, we give explicit formulas, i.e., Clebsch’s invariants are expressed in terms of Coble’s irrational invariants. As an application, we give an affirmative answer to the inverse Galois problem for cubic surfaces over

Q

\mathbb {Q}

.
Understanding fundamental and practical ingredients of construction project data management
Authors: Kähkönen Kalle , Rannisto Jukka 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– This paper and research behind it aim to explain key elements behind construction project data management by looking at actual operations. The construction project management is heavily built around document control and relating events such as change orders, submittals, transmittals and requests for information. These functionalities are usually forming the core of electronic data/document management systems (EDMS), and more recently solutions based on Building Information Modelling (BIM) technologies. A growing share of buildings construction projects are designed and documented by using BIM applications. BIM applications can form spatially organised access to project data and documents which, if widely applied, can change the world of EDMS solutions.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper presents results of a research effort where the use of EDMS was studied in 15 building construction case projects. The research focus was on EDMS structure, usage of EDMS in each case project and EDMS use models.

Findings
– The gained results explain content and characteristics of current practice. It is considered that useful knowledge can be learned from the present used of EDMS in building construction projects. This understanding can help our sector to move towards more advanced solutions.

Research limitations/implications
– The obtained research data are a certain kind of building development projects. These were renovation and change projects of existing buildings.

Originality/value
– Although the main stream of research has been technology-driven, the research behind this paper is targeting for new knowledge over the characteristics of EDMS use.
Linking operations strategy, environmental dynamism and firm performance
Authors: Akgul Arzu Karaman , Gozlu Sitki , Tatoglu Ekrem 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the causal links among operations strategy (OS), environmental dynamism (ED) and firm performance (FP) within the context of a key emerging economy, Turkey.

Design/methodology/approach
– Drawing on a structured questionnaire, data for the study was collected from a sample of 211 firms that are listed in the database of the Turkey’s largest 1,000 manufacturing firms. The research framework was tested using partial least squares method, which is a variance-based structural equation modeling approach.

Findings
– The results indicate that ED is positively and significantly related to OS dimensions. ED is also found to have a strong and positive influence on FP. Some strong support has also been found regarding the effect of OS on FP.

Research limitations/implications
– The study’s narrow focus on Turkish companies precludes the generalization of findings to other emerging countries as well as other sectors that may benefit from OS. Also, the collection of data from a single respondent in each firm might be a cause for possible response bias.

Practical implications
– This study provides managers with a useful tool for evaluating the efficiency of their OS relative to their competitors in dynamic business environments. Moreover, the findings of this study are envisaged to aid company managers in their endeavors to craft and execute successful strategies where appropriate environmental considerations and new operations capabilities should be incorporated to their broader strategic plans.

Originality/value
– The main contribution of this study stems from its examination of the causal links among OS, ED and FP within the context of a key emerging economy, Turkey.
Investigation on fatigue behavior of single SnAgCu/SnPb solder joint by rapid thermal cycling
Authors: Chen Jibing , Yin Yanfang , Ye Jianping , Wu Yiping 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the thermal fatigue behavior of a single Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC) lead-free and 63Sn-37Pb (SnPb) solder joint treated by rapidly alternating heating and cooling cycles.

Design/methodology/approach
– With the application of electromagnetic-induced heating, the specimen was heated and cooled, controlled with a system that uses a fuzzy logic algorithm. The microstructure and morphology of the interface between the solder ball and Cu substrate was observed using scanning electron microscopy. The intermetallic compounds and the solder bump surface were analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively.

Findings
– The experimental results showed that rapid thermal cycling had an evident influence on the surface and interfacial microstructure of a single solder joint. The experiment revealed that microcracks originate and propagate on the superficial oxide of the solder bump after rapid thermal cycling.

Originality/value
– Analysis, based on finite element modeling and metal thermal fatigue mechanism, determined that the rimous cracks can be explained by the heat deformation theory and the function of temperature distribution in materials physics.
The ventral portion of the anterior pretectal nucleus controls descending mechanisms that initiate neuropathic pain in rats
Authors: Rossaneis Ana C , Prado Wiliam A 
Published: March 2015

SummaryStimulating the dorsal anterior pretectal nucleus (dAPtN) in rats is more effective than stimulating the ventral APtN (vAPtN) at reducing tail‐flick latency, whereas stimulation of the vAPtN is more effective at reducing postoperative pain behaviour. This study examines whether a cell lesion caused by injecting N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate into the dAPtN or vAPtN changes the withdrawal threshold of a rat hind paw during different phases of the tactile hypersensitivity induced by a chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the contralateral sciatic nerve. The number of Fos immunoreactive cells in the APtN was also evaluated. The rats whose vAPtN was lesioned 2 days before CCI had more intense tactile hypersensitivity 2 days after CCI than that of the control group, but the groups were not different 7 days after the CCI. The rats whose vAPtN was lesioned 5 days after CCI had withdrawal thresholds that did not differ significantly 7 days after the CCI. The tactile hypersensitivity of the rats whose dAPtN was lesioned 2 days before or 5 days after CCI was not different from that of the control on the second and seventh days after the CCI. The number of Fos immunoreactive cells in the vAPtN and dAPtN increased 2 days after CCI, but did not differ from that in the control 7 days after CCI. We conclude that vAPtN and dAPtN cells are activated by nerve injury; the vAPtN exerts inhibitory control of the initial phase of neuropathic pain whereas the dAPtN does not appear to exert an inhibitory effect in neuropathic processing.
Diguanylate cyclase DgcP is involved in plant and human Pseudomonas spp. infections
Authors: Aragon Isabel M. , Pérez‐Mendoza Daniel , Moscoso Joana A. , Faure Emmanuel , Guery Benoit , Gallegos María‐Trinidad , Filloux Alain , Ramos Cayo 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThe second messenger cyclic di‐GMP (c‐di‐GMP) controls the transition between different lifestyles in bacterial pathogens. Here, we report the identification of DgcP (diguanylate cyclase conserved in Pseudomonads), whose activity in the olive tree pathogen Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi is dependent on the integrity of its GGDEF domain. Furthermore, deletion of the dgcP gene revealed that DgcP negatively regulates motility and positively controls biofilm formation in both the olive tree pathogen P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi and the human opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Overexpression of the dgcP gene in P. aeruginosa PAK led to increased exopolysaccharide production and upregulation of the type VI secretion system; in turn, it repressed the type III secretion system, which is a hallmark of chronic infections and persistence for P. aeruginosa. Deletion of the dgcP gene in P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi NCPPB 3335 and P. aeruginosa PAK reduced their virulence in olive plants and in a mouse acute lung injury model respectively. Our results show that diguanylate cyclase DgcP is a conserved Pseudomonas protein with a role in virulence, and confirm the existence of common c‐di‐GMP signalling pathways that are capable of regulating plant and human Pseudomonas spp. infections.
Three‐dimensional structure and cyanobacterial activity within a desert biological soil crust
Authors: Raanan Hagai , Felde Vincent J. M. N. L. , Peth Stephan , Drahorad Sylvie , Ionescu Danny , Eshkol Gil , Treves Haim , Felix‐Henningsen Peter , Berkowicz Simon M. , Keren Nir , Horn Rainer , Hagemann Martin , Kaplan Aaron 
Published: March 2015

SummaryDesert biological soil crusts (BSCs) are formed by adhesion of soil particles to polysaccharides excreted by filamentous cyanobacteria, the pioneers and main producers in this habitat. Biological soil crust destruction is a central factor leading to land degradation and desertification. We study the effect of BSC structure on cyanobacterial activity. Micro‐scale structural analysis using X‐ray microtomography revealed a vesiculated layer 1.5–2.5 mm beneath the surface in close proximity to the cyanobacterial location. Light profiles showed attenuation with depth of 1%–5% of surface light within 1 mm but also revealed the presence of ‘light pockets’, coinciding with the vesiculated layer, where the irradiance was 10‐fold higher than adjacent crust parts at the same depth. Maximal photosynthetic activity, examined by O2 concentration profiles, was observed 1 mm beneath the surface and another peak in association with the ‘light pockets’. Thus, photosynthetic activity may not be visible to currently used remote sensing techniques, suggesting that BSCs' contribution to terrestrial productivity is underestimated. Exposure to irradiance higher than 10% full sunlight diminished chlorophyll fluorescence, whereas O2 evolution and CO2 uptake rose, indicating that fluorescence did not reflect cyanobacterial photosynthetic activity. Our data also indicate that although resistant to high illumination, the BSC‐inhabiting cyanobacteria function as ‘low‐light adapted’ organisms.
Inwardizing Rilke's dog of ‘divine inseeing’ into itself
Authors: Mogenson Greg 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe article explores a text of the poet R.M. Rilke in the manner of Psychology as the Discipline of Interiority (PDI). PDI, developed mainly in the writings of Wolfgang Giegerich, refers to the ‘speculative turn’ within analytical psychology. The speculative turn involves an interpretative stance that strictly adheres to Jung's seminal insight into psychology's lack of an empirically‐objective, Archimedean vantage‐point outside of or beyond the psyche. The paper aims to demonstrate that, for all its beauty, the account of interiority that is celebrated in the passage from Rilke is self‐contradictory. This is due to its being naively conceived as the undialectical opposite of an external viewpoint that it is unable to overcome. Whereas Rilke merely imagines interiority by means of the visual image of his getting inside a dog as one passes by, the interpretative approach taken in this article thinks interiority by reflecting Rilke's text into itself in the speculative manner that is provided for and required by Jung's insight into psychology's lack of an Archimedean vantage‐point. If we interpret the text in this way, an understanding of interiority that is truly in accord with its concept is opened up and a main aspect of psychology as the discipline of interiority is performatively demonstrated.
Thresholds in the relationship between functional diversity and patch size for mammals in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Magioli M. , Ribeiro M. C. , Ferraz K. M. P. M. B. , Rodrigues M. G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPatch size affects abundance and diversity of mammal species, but there is little information on threshold regarding this relationship or relating it to functional diversity. Therefore, we aimed with this study to (1) evaluate if the functional diversity of medium‐ and large‐sized mammal assemblages can be explained by patch size; (2) if this relationship is positive, evaluate whether it is linear (neutral hypothesis) or has critical thresholds (threshold hypothesis); (3) propose specific conservation strategies for each situation. We used primary and secondary mammal database for different forest remnants sizes in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome. We calculated functional diversity (FD), using an ecologically meaningful set of traits: body mass and locomotion form, behavioral and dietary traits, and environmental sensitivity of species. We compared linear models with threshold models using Akaike information criterion (AIC). FD values increased with patch size, possibly associated with the high complexity and heterogeneity of larger areas. The threshold model better explained the pattern between FD values and patch sizes than the linear one (delta AIC = 35.8), confirming our threshold hypothesis. Two thresholds (at 60 and 2050 ha) were identified. Our results highlight the need of compliance with the Brazilian Forest Code for assemblages in fragments lower than 60 ha. For assemblages in fragments between the two thresholds whose FD values significantly increased with patch size, we recommend improvements in conservation planning. For assemblages in fragments bigger than 2050 ha, we suggest the establishment of new protected areas, or at least, the maintenance of the existent ones. Our approach can serve as the basis for analysis with other taxonomic groups and ecosystems, increasing chances of maintaining faunal ecological functions, and improving species conservation.
Electrochemotherapy in advanced skin tumors and cutaneous metastases – a retrospective multicenter analysis
Authors: Kreuter Alexander , van Eijk Tina , Lehmann Percy , Fischer Matthias , Horn Thomas , Assaf Chalid , Schley Gaston , Herbst Rudolf , Kellner Ivonne , Weisbrich Christiane , Hyun Julia , Wieland Ulrike , Schlaak Max , Rübben Albert , Lommel Kerstin 
Published: March 2015

SummaryBackground and objectivesOnce classic treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy have been exhausted, only few therapeutic options remain for extensive skin tumors or cutaneous metastases. In such cases, electrochemotherapy may be considered as alternative therapy.Patients and methodsIn this retrospective study, clinical features, treatment response, and adverse effects were evaluated in 56 patients treated with electrochemotherapy at six German dermatology departments.ResultsThe mean age of the patient cohort (14 men, 42 women) was 69.3 years. Included were 20 patients with skin metastasis of advanced malignant melanoma, 13 patients with breast cancer metastases, 15 patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or cutaneous metastases of other carcinoma types, and 8 patients with cutaneous lymphoma or sarcoma. The overall response rate was 44.6% (10.7% complete response; 33.9% partial response). By contrast, 31 (55.4%) patients did not respond (12.5% had stable disease; 42.9%, tumor progression). Patients with melanoma and cutaneous lymphoma or sarcoma responded significantly better than those with carcinoma. Roughly one quarter of patients showed an improvement in tumor‐related exudation, fetor, and chronic bleeding.ConclusionShowing only few adverse effects, electrochemotherapy was effective in about one half of the patients with advanced tumors. Treatment response appears to depend on the tumor entity.
Abnormalities in chromosome 6q24 as a cause of early‐onset, non‐obese, non‐autoimmune diabetes mellitus without history of neonatal diabetes
Authors: Yorifuji T. , Matsubara K. , Sakakibara A. , Hashimoto Y. , Kawakita R. , Hosokawa Y. , Fujimaru R. , Murakami A. , Tamagawa N. , Hatake K. , Nagasaka H. , Suzuki J. , Urakami T. , Izawa M. , Kagami M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimsAbnormalities in the imprinted locus on chromosome 6q24 are the most common causes of transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (6q24‐related transient neonatal diabetes). 6q24‐Related transient neonatal diabetes is characterized by the patient being small‐for‐gestational age, diabetes mellitus at birth, spontaneous remission within the first few months and frequent recurrence of diabetes after childhood. However, it is not clear whether individuals with 6q24 abnormalities invariably develop transient neonatal diabetes. This study explored the possibility that 6q24 abnormalities might cause early‐onset, non‐autoimmune diabetes without transient neonatal diabetes.MethodsThe 6q24 imprinted locus was screened for abnormalities in 113 Japanese patients with early‐onset, non‐obese, non‐autoimmune diabetes mellitus who tested negative for mutations in the common maturation‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY) genes and without a history of transient neonatal diabetes. Positive patients were further analysed by combined loss of heterozygosity / comparative genomic hybridization analysis and by microsatellite analysis. Detailed clinical data were collected through the medical records of the treating hospitals.ResultsThree patients with paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6q24 were identified. None presented with hyperglycaemia in the neonatal period. Characteristically, these patients were born small‐for‐gestational age, representing 27.2% of the 11 patients whose birth weight standard deviation score (SDS) for gestational age was below −2.0.ConclusionsAbnormalities in the imprinted locus on chromosome 6q24 do not necessarily cause transient neonatal diabetes. Non‐penetrant 6q24‐related diabetes could be an underestimated cause of early‐onset, non‐autoimmune diabetes in patients who are not obese and born small‐for‐gestational age.
Cell‐specific regulation of neuronal activity by endogenous production of nitric oxide
Authors: Zhong Lei Ray , Estes Stephen , Artinian Liana , Rehder Vincent 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is a key regulator of neuronal excitability in the nervous system. While most studies have investigated its role as an intercellular messenger/modulator, less is known about potential physiological roles played by NO within NO‐producing neurons. We showed previously that intrinsic production of NO within B5 neurons of the pond snail Helisoma trivolvis increased neuronal excitability by acting on three ionic conductances. Here we demonstrate that intrinsically produced NO affected two of the same conductances in another buccal neuron, B19, where it had the opposite, namely inhibitory, effect on neuronal activity. Using single‐cell RT‐PCR, we show that B19 neurons express NO synthase (NOS) mRNA. The inhibition of intrinsic NO production with NOS inhibitors caused membrane potential depolarization, transient spiking and an increase in input resistance. Inhibition of the main intracellular receptor of NO, soluble guanylyl cyclase, had similar effects on the parameters mentioned above. An investigation of the effects of NO on ion channels revealed that intrinsic NO mediated neuronal hyperpolarization by activating voltage‐gated calcium channels that in turn caused the tonic opening of apamin‐sensitive calcium‐activated potassium channels. The analysis of action potentials in B5 and B19 neurons suggested that the opposite effects on neuronal excitability elicited by intrinsic NO were probably determined by differences in the ionic conductances that shape their action potentials. In summary, we describe a mechanism by which B19 neurons utilise intrinsically produced NO in a cell‐type‐specific fashion to decrease their neuronal activity, highlighting an important physiological role of NO within NO‐producing neurons.
Beyond the CA1 subfield: Local hippocampal shape changes in MRI‐negative temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Maccotta Luigi , Moseley Emily D. , Benzinger Tammie L. , Hogan R. Edward 
Published: March 2015

SummaryObjectiveHippocampal atrophy in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) can indicate mesial temporal sclerosis and predict surgical success. Yet many patients with TLE do not have significant atrophy (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) negative), which presents a diagnostic challenge. We used a new variant of high‐dimensional large‐deformation mapping to assess whether patients with apparently normal hippocampi have local shape changes that mirror those of patients with significant hippocampal atrophy.MethodsForty‐seven patients with unilateral TLE and 32 controls underwent structural brain MRI. High‐dimensional large‐deformation mapping provided hippocampal surface and volume estimates for each participant, dividing patients into low versus high hippocampal atrophy groups. A vertex‐level generalized linear model compared local shape changes between groups.ResultsPatients with low‐atrophy TLE (MRI negative) had significant local hippocampal shape changes compared to controls, similar to those in the contralateral hippocampus of high‐atrophy patients. These changes primarily involved the subicular and hilar/dentate regions, instead of the classically affected CA1 region. Disease duration instead co‐varied with lateral hippocampal atrophy, co‐localizing with the CA1 subfield.SignificanceThese findings show that patients with “MRI‐negative” TLE have regions of hippocampal atrophy that cluster medially, sparing the lateral regions (CA1) involved in high‐atrophy patients. This suggests an overall effect of temporal lobe seizures manifesting as bilateral medial hippocampal atrophy, and a more selective effect of hippocampal seizures leading to disease‐proportional CA1 atrophy, potentially reflecting epileptogenesis.