bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paranoid symptoms and hallucinations among the older people in Western Europe
Authors: Östling Svante , Bäckman Kristoffer , Waern Margda , Marlow Thomas , Braam Arjan W. , Fichter Manfred , Lawlor Brian A. , Lobos Antonio , Reischies Friedel M. , Copeland John R. M. , Skoog Ingmar 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveIt is not clear whether the prevalence of psychosis increases with age. We studied the age‐specific prevalence of psychotic symptoms in older people in Western Europe.MethodsOlder people without dementia (age 65–104 years, N = 8762) from the western part of Europe in the EURODEP concerted action took part in psychiatric examinations.ResultsIn total, 2.4% of the men and 2.9% of the women had psychotic symptoms. Using a multilevel logistic regression model that included gender and age as a continuous variable, we found that a 5‐year increase in age increased the prevalence of psychotic symptoms (odds ratio 1.2 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.3, p = 0.001). A second multilevel regression model showed that wishing to be dead, depressed mood, functional disability, not being married and cognitive impairment measured with Mini mental state examination were all associated with psychotic symptoms whereas gender was not.ConclusionThe prevalence of psychotic symptoms in non‐demented older people increases with age, and these symptoms are associated with other psychopathology, social isolation and problems with daily living. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Obesity and fast food in urban markets: a new approach using geo‐referenced micro data
Authors: Chen Susan Elizabeth , Florax Raymond J. , Snyder Samantha D. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a new method of assessing the relationship between features of the built environment and obesity, particularly in urban areas. Our empirical application combines georeferenced data on the location of fast‐food restaurants with data about personal health, behavioral, and neighborhood characteristics. We define a ‘local food environment’ for every individual utilizing buffers around a person's home address. Individual food landscapes are potentially endogenous because of spatial sorting of the population and food outlets, and the body mass index (BMI) values for individuals living close to each other are likely to be spatially correlated because of observed and unobserved individual and neighborhood effects. The potential biases associated with endogeneity and spatial correlation are handled using spatial econometric estimation techniques. Our application provides quantitative estimates of the effect of proximity to fast‐food restaurants on obesity in an urban food market. We also present estimates of a policy simulation that focuses on reducing the density of fast‐food restaurants in urban areas. In the simulations, we account for spatial heterogeneity in both the policy instruments and individual neighborhoods and find a small effect for the hypothesized relationships between individual BMI values and the density of fast‐food restaurants. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Positive cardiac inotropic effect of albumin infusion in rodents with cirrhosis and ascites: molecular mechanisms
Authors: Bortoluzzi Alessia , Ceolotto Giulio , Gola Elisabetta , Sticca Antonietta , Bova Sergio , Morando Filippo , Piano Salvatore , Fasolato Silvano , Rosi Silvia , Gatta Angelo , Angeli Paolo 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and molecular mechanism of albumin infusion on cardiac contractility in experimental cirrhosis with ascites. Cardiac contractility was recorded ex vivo in rats with cirrhosis and ascites and in control rats after the injection in the caudal vein of albumin, saline, or hydroxyethyl starch (HES). Gene and protein expression of β-receptors and pathways involved in their intracellular signaling such as Gαi2 protein (Gαi2), adenylate cyclase 3 (Adcy3), protein expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), were evaluated in cardiac tissue in both groups. Phosphorylation and membrane-translocation of the cytosolic components of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H)-oxidase and translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were also evaluated. After saline intravenous injection, cardiac contractility was significantly reduced in rats with cirrhosis as compared to control rats (P < 0.01). This was associated with: (1) increased expression of protein Gαi2 (P < 0.05), TNF-α (P < 0.05), iNOS (P < 0.05); (2) increased NAD(P)H-oxidase activity (P < 0.05); (3) increased nuclear translocation of NF-κB (P < 0.05); and (4) lower expression of Adcy 3 (P < 0.05) in cardiac tissue of rats with cirrhosis. After albumin injection cardiac contractility (P < 0.01), protein expression of TNF-α, iNOS, Gαi2, and Adcy3, NAD(P)H-oxidase activity and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in cardiac tissue of rats with cirrhosis were reversed to control levels (P < 0.05). HES injection did not modify cardiac contractility and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in cardiac tissue of rats with cirrhosis. Conclusion: Albumin exerts a positive cardiac inotropic effect in rats with cirrhosis and ascites counteracting the negative effects of oxidative stress- and TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB-iNOS pathway and oxidative stress-induced alteration of β-receptor signaling. (Hepatology 2013)
Adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded regulatory T cells in an autoimmune hepatitis murine model restores peripheral tolerance
Authors: Lapierre Pascal , Béland Kathie , Yang Roland , Alvarez Fernando 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by a loss of immunological tolerance to hepatocytes. Patients respond well to immunosuppression but progression to endstage liver disease occurs in 10%-20% of cases, leading to liver transplantation. Using a murine model of type 2 AIH, we identified susceptibility factors for autoimmune hepatitis and attempted to restore immunological tolerance to liver autoantigens. An increased ectopic expression of a liver autoantigen (FTCD) in the thymus leading to reduced numbers of circulating autoreactive T cells was sufficient to prevent development of AIH in mice. However, in the presence of a reduced central tolerance to FTCD, a strong regulatory T-cell response was able to inhibit proliferation of liver-specific autoreactive T cells and prevent AIH. Development of a severe AIH stemmed from reduced numbers of functional regulatory T cell (Tregs) leading to an increased proliferation of FTCD-specific autoreactive T and B cells. Adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded CXCR3+ Tregs in mice with AIH efficiently targeted the inflamed liver, restored peripheral tolerance to FTCD, and induced remission of AIH. Conclusion: Peripheral tolerance to liver autoantigens in AIH is paramount. Autologous infusion of ex vivo expanded CXCR3+ Tregs in AIH patients could be an effective therapeutic approach to restore peripheral tolerance and induce remission of AIH. (Hepatology 2013)
In vivocorrosion mechanism by elemental interdiffusion of biodegradable Mg–Ca alloy
Authors: Jung Jae‐Young , Kwon Sang‐Jun , Han Hyung‐Seop , Lee Ji‐Young , Ahn Jae‐Pyoung , Yang Seok‐Jo , Cho Sung‐Youn , Cha Pil‐Ryung , Kim Yu‐Chan , Seok Hyun‐Kwang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe elucidated thein vivocorrosion mechanism of the biodegradable alloy Mg–10 wt % Ca in rat femoral condyle through transmission electron microscope observations assisted by focused ion beam technique. The alloy consists of a primary Mg phase and a three‐dimensional lamellar network of Mg and Mg2Ca. We found that the Mg2Ca is rapidly corroded by interdiffusion of Ca and O, leading to a structural change from lamellar network to nanocrystalline MgO. In contrast to the fast corrosion rate of the lamellar structure, the primary Mg phase slowly changes into nanocrystalline MgO through surface corrosion by O supplied along the lamellar networks. The rapid interdiffusion induces an inhomogeneous Ca distribution and interestingly leads to the formation of a transient CaO phase, which acts as a selective leaching path for Ca. In addition, the outgoing Ca with P from body fluids forms needle‐type calcium phosphates similar to hydroxyl apatite at interior and surface of the implant, providing an active biological environment for bone mineralization. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Quantitative ultrasound of cortical bone in the femoral neck predicts femur strength: Results of a pilot study
Authors: Grimal Quentin , Grondin Julien , Guérard Sandra , Barkmann Reinhard , Engelke Klaus , Glüer Claus-C , Laugier Pascal 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
A significant risk of femoral neck (FN) fracture exists for men and women with an areal bone mineral density (aBMD) higher than the osteoporotic range, as measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Separately measuring the cortical and trabecular FN compartments and combining the results would likely be a critical aspect of enhancing the diagnostic capabilities of a new technique. Because the cortical shell determines a large part of FN strength a novel quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technique that probes the FN cortical compartment was implemented. The sensitivity of the method to variations of FN cortical properties and FN strength was tested. Nine femurs (women, mean age 83 years) were subjected to QUS to measure the through transmission time-of-flight (TOF) at the FN and mechanical tests to assess strength. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans were performed to enable analysis of the dependence of TOF on bone parameters. DXA was also performed for reference. An ultrasound wave propagating circumferentially in the cortical shell was measured in all specimens. Its TOF was not influenced by the properties of the trabecular compartment. Averaged TOF for nine FN measurement positions/orientations was significantly correlated to strength (R2 = 0.79) and FN cortical QCT variables: total BMD (R2 = 0.54); regional BMD in the inferoanterior (R2 = 0.90) and superoanterior (R2 = 0.57) quadrants; and moment of inertia (R2 = 0.71). The results of this study demonstrate that QUS can perform a targeted measurement of the FN cortical compartment. Because the method involves mechanical guided waves, the QUS variable is related to the geometric and material properties of the cortical shell (cortical thickness, tissue elasticity, and porosity). This work opens the way to a multimodal QUS assessment of the proximal femur, combining our approach targeting the cortical shell with the existing modality sensitive to the trabecular compartment. In vivo feasibility of our approach has to be confirmed with experimental data in patients. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Fast force field‐based optimization of protein–ligand complexes with graphics processor
Authors: Heinzerling Lennart , Klein Robert , Rarey Matthias 
Published: August 2012

AbstractUsually based on molecular mechanics force fields, the post‐optimization of ligand poses is typically the most time‐consuming step in protein–ligand docking procedures. In return, it bears the potential to overcome the limitations of discretized conformation models. Because of the parallel nature of the problem, recent graphics processing units (GPUs) can be applied to address this dilemma. We present a novel algorithmic approach for parallelizing and thus massively speeding up protein–ligand complex optimizations with GPUs. The method, customized to pose‐optimization, performs at least 100 times faster than widely used CPU‐based optimization tools. An improvement in Root‐Mean‐Square Distance (RMSD) compared to the original docking pose of up to 42% can be achieved. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The barbel‐like specialization of the pelvic fins in Ophidion rochei (Ophidiidae)
Authors: Codina Elisabet , Loïc Kéver , Compère Philippe , Dragičević Branko , Dulčić Jakov , Parmentier Eric 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPelvic fins in Ophidion rochei are reduced to four rod‐like structures situated at the ventral jaws. While the fish is swimming, they make continuous sweeping movements on the bottom. This paper examines and describes the anatomy of the pelvic fins to determine the possible functions of these appendages in relation to the mode of life of this fish species. The pelvic fins of O. rochei show strong similarities with barbels because they have identical sensory cell types, (taste buds, solitary chemosensory cells, and goblet cells), innervations and sensory function. Having nocturnal habits, specialization of pelvic fins in O. rochei corresponds to a supporting role to the life in dark environment. J. Morphol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An in‐cell capacitive touch sensor integrated in an LTPS WSVGA TFT‐LCD
Authors: Tomita Satoru , Okada Takashi , Takahashi Hideyuki 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis paper discusses an In‐cell capacitive touch sensor and its integration in an LTPS TFT‐LCD with 7‐inch screen size and WSVGA resolution. The operation of the newly developed sensor is based on capacitive coupling between user's finger and the detection electrode on the TFT substrate, and is purely capacitive. The sensors and the sensor driver circuits have been integrated in the TFT substrate of the prototype TFT‐LCD using LTPS technology. The prototype having 256x150 sensors shows advantages such as smooth operation with no touch force, high position accuracy, multi‐touch (10 or more), a thin and light LCD module, high display quality, and thus is suitable for various applications such as cell‐phones, smart‐phones, mobile‐PCs, and automotive‐use displays.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo accompanied by sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A comparative study with idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Authors: Kim Min‐Beom , Ban Jae Ho 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To investigate the clinical characteristics of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) associated with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) and to compare them with the characteristics of idiopathic BPPV (i‐BPPV).Study Design:Retrospective case series.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 519 patients with ISSHL and 597 patients with i‐BPPV. The ISSHL patients with recent vertigo history before or after admission were tested with video‐nystagmography that included the caloric test. BPPV with same‐side ISSHL was identified and categorized as secondary BPPV (s‐BPPV) using the roll or Dix‐Hallpike test. All members of the s‐BPPV and i‐BPPV groups underwent a daily canalith repositioning procedure (CRP) during the admission periods. We investigated the clinical characteristics, including the number of CRPs performed to achieve successful reposition, canal involvement type, and effect of canal paresis and made comparisons between the s‐BPPV and i‐BPPV groups.Results:Of the 519 ISSHL patients, 63 (12.1%) were identified as having s‐BPPV. Multicanal involvement was more frequent in s‐BPPV than i‐BPPV patients (P < .001). The mean number of CRPs needed to achieve successful reposition was 4.28 in s‐BPPV and 1.34 in i‐BPPV (P < .001). The presence of canal paresis was also associated with a greater number of CRPs required for s‐BPPV (P < .02).Conclusions:In about 12% of ISSHL patients, s‐BPPV was concurrent. More CRPs were required for successful repositioning in patients with s‐BPPV than in patients with i‐BPPV. Also, the presence of canal paresis in s‐BPPV was associated with a greater number of required CRPs. Laryngoscope, 2012
Hofmeister Salt Effects on the LCST Behavior of Poly(2‐Oxazoline) Star Ionomers
Authors: ten Brummelhuis Niels , Secker Christian , Schlaad Helmut 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEffects of pH, ionic strength, and type of salt (variation of anions) on the cloud‐point temperature (TCP) of thermoresponsive poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) star ionomers are investigated. TCPs can be varied in a wide range, from 10 to >95 °C, corresponding with the Hofmeister series and the ionization of the core. Addition of salt weakens the influence of pH. For star copolymer with an amine core similar trends are observed as for star copolymers with a carboxylic acid core, although the presence of a chaotropic salt affords an inversion of the effect of pH, that is, TCPs are lowest at pH 3, where the amine groups are fully protonated. This effect is likely due to the specific binding of chaotropic anions to the amine and ammonium groups, which is not observed for carboxylic acid groups.
The vibration rheometer: the effect of vibration on fresh concrete and similar materials
Authors: Juradin S. , Krstulovic P. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe use of the newly‐designed electronic accelerometer as an integral part of the vibration rheometer, for the first time made it possible to continuously and accurately record the acceleration of an apparatus piston as a solid mass oscillating in the test specimen of the material under sub‐base excitation. The research is focused on plastic concrete, mortar and appropriate reference materials whose behavior was approximated to a pseudoplastic fluid. An analytical solution to the oscillation of the piston in the specimen is also provided. The research showed that a layer of the material with the properties close to the ideal Newtonian fluid forms around each particle exceeding 0.25 mm causing a reduction in resistance to deformation and compression in a specimen. The effect of vibrations on plastic concrete and similar materials is also described.
Analysis of the compression process and dimensional optimization of self‐expanding stent of a nickel titanium alloy
Authors: Wang X. M. , Zhou Q. T. , Liu H. , Li L. , Deng C. H. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe vascular stents are important devices introduced into the vessel to protect the lumen from unfriendly stenosis so that the blood can flow naturally. During its implantation to the vessel, the stent should be compressed to a delivery system with very small dimension to accomplish the minimal invasive operation. At this stage, the stent will withstand very large stresses which will cause large damages in the structure. In this paper, the compression process of the stent was analyzed by finite element analysis method with software ABAQUS. The stress, strain and martensite volume fraction distributions were investigated at the end compression. Results show that the stent fillets are the dangerous areas for the potential failure. Subsequently, the dimensional optimization was performed to decrease the maximum concentration stress. After the optimization, the maximum stress can be decreased by 14.2%, which means the stent's work life can be increased.
Rapid quantification of oxygen tension in blood flow with a fluorine nanoparticle reporter and a novel blood flow‐enhanced‐saturation‐recovery sequence
Authors: Hu Lingzhi , Chen Junjie , Yang Xiaoxia , Caruthers Shelton D. , Lanza Gregory M. , Wickline Samuel A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe present a novel blood flow‐enhanced‐saturation‐recovery (BESR) sequence, which allows rapid in vivo T1 measurement of blood for both 1H and 19F nuclei. BESR sequence is achieved by combining homogeneous spin preparation and time‐of‐flight image acquisition and therefore preserves high time efficiency and signal‐to‐noise ratio for 19F imaging of circulating perfluorocarbon nanoparticles comprising a perfluoro‐15‐crown‐5‐ether core and a lipid monolayer (nominal size = 250 nm). The consistency and accuracy of the BESR sequence for measuring T1 of blood was validated experimentally. With a confirmed linear response feature of 19F R1 with oxygen tension in both salt solution and blood sample, we demonstrated the feasibility of the BESR sequence to quantitatively determine the oxygen tension within mouse left and right ventricles under both normoxia and hyperoxia conditions. Thus, 19F BESR MRI of circulating perfluorocarbon nanoparticles represents a new approach to noninvasively evaluate intravascular oxygen tension. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spatially selective implementation of the adiabatic T2prep sequence for magnetic resonance angiography of the coronary arteries
Authors: Soleimanifard Sahar , Schär Michael , Hays Allison G. , Prince Jerry L. , Weiss Robert G. , Stuber Matthias 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn coronary magnetic resonance angiography, a magnetization‐preparation scheme for T2‐weighting (T2Prep) is widely used to enhance contrast between the coronary blood‐pool and the myocardium. This prepulse is commonly applied without spatial selection to minimize flow sensitivity, but the nonselective implementation results in a reduced magnetization of the in‐flowing blood and a related penalty in signal‐to‐noise ratio. It is hypothesized that a spatially selective T2Prep would leave the magnetization of blood outside the T2Prep volume unaffected and thereby lower the signal‐to‐noise ratio penalty. To test this hypothesis, a spatially selective T2Prep was implemented where the user could freely adjust angulation and position of the T2Prep slab to avoid covering the ventricular blood‐pool and saturating the in‐flowing spins. A time gap of 150 ms was further added between the T2Prep and other prepulses to allow for in‐flow of a larger volume of unsaturated spins. Consistent with numerical simulation, the spatially selective T2Prep increased in vivo human coronary artery signal‐to‐noise ratio (42.3 ± 2.9 vs. 31.4 ± 2.2, n = 22, P < 0.0001) and contrast‐to‐noise‐ratio (18.6 ± 1.5 vs. 13.9 ± 1.2, P = 0.009) as compared to those of the nonselective T2Prep. Additionally, a segmental analysis demonstrated that the spatially selective T2Prep was most beneficial in proximal and mid segments where the in‐flowing blood volume was largest compared to the distal segments. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Employment status and quality of life in recently diagnosed breast cancer survivors
Authors: Timperi Allegra W. , Ergas Isaac Joshua , Rehkopf David H. , Roh Janise M. , Kwan Marilyn L. , Kushi Lawrence H. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer survivors are less likely to be employed than similar healthy women, yet effects of employment on the well being of survivors are largely unknown. In a prospective cohort study of 2013 women diagnosed from 2006 to 2011 with invasive breast cancer in Kaiser Permanente Northern California, we describe associations between hours worked per week and change in employment with quality of life (QOL) from diagnosis through active treatment.MethodsParticipants completed information on employment status and QOL approximately 2 and 8 months post‐diagnosis. QOL was assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Breast Cancer. Multivariable linear regression models were adjusted for potential confounders including demographic, diagnostic, and medical care factors to examine associations between employment and QOL.ResultsAt baseline, overall well being was higher for women who worked at least some hours per week compared with women who were not working. Women working 1–19 h/week at baseline also had higher functional well being compared with women who were not working. There was a significant, positive association between hours worked per week and physical and social well being. At the 6‐month follow‐up, women working at least 20 h/week had higher physical and functional well being than those who were not working. Lower scores for physical and functional well being were observed among women who stopped working during the 6‐month follow‐up period.ConclusionsContinuing to work after a breast cancer diagnosis may be beneficial to multiple areas of QOL. Strategies to help women continue working through treatment should be explored. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.