bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Activity Energy Expenditure and Glucose Control in Pregnant Women With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Kumareswaran Kavita , Elleri Daniela , Allen Janet M. , Caldwell Karen , Westgate Kate , Brage Soren , Raymond-Barker Philippa , Nodale Marianna , Wilinska Malgorzata E. , Amiel Stephanie A. , Hovorka Roman , Murphy Helen R. 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE
To describe activity patterns in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes and evaluate the impact of increased structured physical activity on glucose control.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and glucose levels (continuous glucose monitoring) were measured in 10 pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (age 33.2 years, gestation 20 weeks, BMI 27.9 kg/m2, diabetes duration 16.6 years, HbA1c 6.5% [48 mmol/mol], insulin pump duration 2.4 years) during a day at home (free-living) and during a 24-h visit incorporating controlled diet and structured physical activity with light intensity activity (three 20-min self-paced walks) and moderate intensity activity (two 50-min sessions of brisk treadmill walking). PAEE was evaluated through individually calibrated combined heart rate and movement sensing.

RESULTS
Free-living PAEE was comparable to that under controlled study conditions (3.8 and 5.1 kcal/kg/day, P = 0.241), with women achieving near to the recommended 30 min of moderate physical activity (median 27 min [interquartile range 14–68]). During the free-living period, more time was spent in light activity (10.3 vs. 7.2 h, P = 0.005), with less sedentary time (13.0 vs. 14.9 h, P = 0.047) and less moderate activity (27 vs. 121 min, P = 0.022). The free-living 24-h mean glucose levels by continuous glucose monitoring were significantly higher (7.7 vs. 6.0 mmol/L, P = 0.028). The effect of controlled diet and exercise persisted overnight, with significantly less time spent hyperglycemic (19 vs. 0%, P = 0.028) and less glucose variability (glucose SD 1.3 vs. 0.7 mmol/L, P = 0.022).

CONCLUSIONS
A controlled diet and structured physical activity program may assist women with type 1 diabetes in achieving optimal glucose control during pregnancy.
Glucose Variability Assessed by Low Blood Glucose Index Is Predictive of Hypoglycemic Events in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Switched to Pump Therapy
Authors: Crenier Laurent , Abou-Elias Charlotte , Corvilain Bernard 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether subgroups of type 1 diabetic patients with different glucose variability indices respond differently to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in terms of reduced hypoglycemic events.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We studied 50 adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes switched to CSII because of persistently high A1C or frequent hypoglycemia despite well-managed intensive basal-bolus therapy. We compared A1C, hypoglycemic events, and glucose variability from self-monitoring of blood glucose profiles at baseline and after 6 months of CSII. Regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of response.

RESULTS
In multivariate analysis, baseline low blood glucose index (LBGI) was the best independent predictor of hypoglycemia outcome on CSII (R2 = 0.195, P = 0.0013). An ROC curve analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 70.8% (95% CI 48.9–87.4) and specificity of 73.1% (52.2–88.4) by using the LBGI cutoff of 3.34 as predictor of reduction of hypoglycemia on CSII. By grouping patients by LBGI tertiles, we found a 23.3% reduction in hypoglycemic events (&lt;60 mg/dL [3.3 mmol/L]) in the third tertile (range 4.18–9.34) without change in A1C (P &lt; 0.05). Conversely, the first tertile (range 0.62–2.05) demonstrated the greatest A1C reduction, −0.99% (P = 0.00001), but with increasing hypoglycemia.

CONCLUSIONS
Baseline LBGI predicts the outcome of type 1 diabetic patients who switch to CSII in terms of hypoglycemia.
Analysis of a Two-level Schwarz Method with Coarse Spaces Based on Local Dirichlet-to-Neumann Maps
Authors: Dolean Victorita , Nataf Frédéric , Scheichl Robert , Spillane Nicole 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCoarse grid correction is a key ingredient in order to have scalable
domain decomposition methods. For smooth problems, the theory and practice of
such two-level methods is well established, but this is not the case for
problems with complicated variation and high contrasts in the coefficients.

In a previous study, two of the authors introduced a coarse space
adapted to highly heterogeneous coefficients using the low frequency modes of
the subdomain DtN maps. In this work, we present a rigorous analysis of a
two-level overlapping additive Schwarz method with this coarse space,
which provides an automatic criterion for the number of modes that need to be
added per subdomain to obtain a convergence rate of the order of the constant
coefficient case. Our method is suitable for parallel implementation and its
efficiency is demonstrated by numerical examples on some challenging problems
with high heterogeneities for automatic partitionings.
Schwarz Type Solvers for -FEM Discretizations of Mixed Problems
Authors: Beuchler Sven , Purrucker Martin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper investigates the discretization of mixed variational formulation as, e.g., the Stokes problem
by means of the hp-version of the finite element method.
The system of linear algebraic equations is solved by the preconditioned Bramble-Pasciak conjugate gradient method.
The development of an efficient preconditioner requires three ingredients, a preconditioner related to the components of the velocity modes,
a preconditioner for the Schur complement related to the components of the pressure modes and a discrezation by a stable finite element pair
which satisfies the discrete inf-sup-condition.
The last condition is also important in order to obtain a stable discretization scheme.
The preconditioner for the velocity modes is adapted from fast $hp$-FEM preconditioners for the potential equation.
Moreover, we will prove that the preconditioner for the Schur complement can be chosen as a diagonal matrix
if the pressure is discretized by discontinuous finite elements. We will prove that the system of linear algebraic equations can
be solved in almost optimal complexity.
This yields quasioptimal hp-FEM solvers for the Stokes problems and the linear elasticity problems.
The latter are robust with respect to the contraction ratio ν.
The efficiency of the presented solver is shown in several numerical examples.
Functional relationships between gaze behavior and movement kinematics when performing high bar dismounts – an exploratory study
Authors: Heinen Thomas , Velentzas Konstantinos , Vinken Pia M. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe aims of this study were, first, to investigate visual spotting and, second, to explore the functional relationships between movement structure and gaze behavior in gymnasts as they perform preparatory giant swings (traditional and scooped technique) and dismounts (single straight and double tucked salto) with increasing difficulty on the high bar. It was predicted that visual spotting would occur in all experimental tasks.MethodsRelationships between gaze behavior and movement kinematics were explored to provide a clearer picture of how gaze is interconnected with the kinematics of dismounts on the high bar. For this purpose, kinematic parameters were measured with an optical movement-analysis system while gaze behavior was measured by using a portable and wireless eye-tracking system.ResultsThe measurement of gaze behavior revealed that gymnasts use visual spotting in all three tasks showing fixations throughout the whole movement. Each task was furthermore characterized by a sequence of visual fixations that was thought to serve specific movement goals. In particular, fixations during the downswing phase of the preparatory giant swings were significantly correlated with the movement phases when beginning the hip extension and flexion in the “kick through” as well as with the athlete’s distance of flight during the dismounts.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that gymnasts can use visual spotting during preparatory giant swings and dismounts on the high bar and that there are functional relationships between different fixations and specific movement goals.
Assessing body culture level and its association with the level of physical activity in university students
Authors: Tucunduva Bruno Barth Pinto 
Published: February 2013

PurposeSubjective values of physical activity are important for promoting active lifestyles. In theoretical research, body culture is the most appropriate term to analyze the complexity between exercise and human culture. The main goal of this study is to assess body culture level and to analyze its influence on physical activity levels.MethodsAn online questionnaire containing the Exploratory Questionnaire of Body Culture Concepts, developed exclusively for this research, plus a short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a number of general identification questions were used to analyze body culture level.Results310 university students responded to the survey. A significant association between high body culture level and physical activity level was found.ConclusionsThe assessment of body culture level helps to analyze the trends of physical activity. The role of cultural complexity of human movement should be considered as an important variable in the promotion of an active lifestyle.
Quercetin inhibits degranulation and superoxide generation in PMA stimulated neutrophils
Authors: Pečivová Jana , Mačičková Tatiana , Sviteková Klára , Nosáľ Radomír 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Activated neutrophils represent the main source of myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide (SO) and subsequently derived oxygen metabolites. They have important microbicidal activities, however in inflammatory conditions they may secondarily attack surrounding tissues. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species, prolonged or excessive liberation of MPO and other effective yet also toxic substances from neutrophils may participate in disturbed apoptosis, intensify the inflammatory processes and result in serious human diseases. The inhibitory effect of quercetin on PMA stimulated SO generation in isolated human neutrophils was found to be dosedependent, without affecting the activity of intact isolated neutrophils. At comparable conditions, quercetin was more potent in inhibiting MPO release than SO generation. Our results indicate that quercetin could support resolution of inflammation through decreased activity of neutrophils, i.e. respiratory burst and degranulation.
Influence of iron and copper consumption on weight gain and oxidative stress in adipose tissue of Wistar rats
Authors: Tinkov Alexey A. , Ajsuvakova Olga P. , Shehtman Alexandr M. , Boev Viktor M. , Nikonorov Alexandr A. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of iron and copper consumption on weight gain and development of oxidative stress in adipose tissue of rats. Control rats obtained pure drinking water. Iron-treated groups of animals obtained FeSO4•12Н2О with drinking water in concentrations of 3 and 6 mg/l, while copper-treated rats obtained CuSO4 in concentrations of 4.88 and 9.76 mg/l. The animals of the 6th group received a mixture of FeSO4•12Н2О and CuSO4 in the respective concentrations of 3 and 4.88 mg/l in drinking water. All animals received a standard chow. The final weight of rats from all the experimental groups, especially in those obtaining the combination of iron and cooper, exceeded the control values. Maximal weight of fat pads was observed in animals receiving drinking water with 3 mg/l FeSO4•12Н2О, 4.88 and 9.76 mg/l CuSO4, and the mixture of FeSO4•12Н2О and CuSO4. The maximal intensity of free radical processes, as estimated by the concentration of fluorescent modified amino acids and the intensity of chemiluminescence in adipose tissue homogenates, was observed in rats obtaining iron in the concentration of 3 mg/l in the drinking water.
Stand structure and populations of yew (Taxus baccata L.) in the Cisy Rokickie and Bogdanieckie Cisy reserves
Authors: Dobrowolska Dorota , Olszowska Grażyna , Niemczyk Marzena 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Yew Taxus baccata L. is an endangered tree species in parts of Europe. In Poland small populations grow in forest reserves. The study was conducted in two reserves established particularly for the protection of yew populations located in the region of Pomerania. The aim of the study was to know the number, vitality and growth conditions of natural yew regeneration and to identify threats to the regeneration of the species. The stand structure and regeneration of yew was described in 30 circular plots. The main tree species in stand canopy was Scots pine, however in Bogdanieckie Cisy beech also made up an important element of the stand. The density of yew regeneration was greater in Bogdanieckie Cisy than in Cisy Rokickie; the number of yew seedlings was 5000 individuals per hectare in Boganieckie Cisy and 3332 individuals per hectare in Cisy Rokickie. The vitality of yew regeneration was better under the beech-pine canopy in Bogdanieckie Cisy reserve than in Cisy Rokickie. Yew regeneration is grazed in the Cisy Rokickie reserve even though the fence. The forest floor influenced the amount of yew regeneration; the greater cover of herbs the lower the density of yew regeneration. The presence of yew in all phases (from seedlings to small trees) that regeneration processes continue in both reserves.
Adipocytokines, Neuropeptide Y and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Women with Gynoid and Android Type of Adipose Tissue Distribution
Authors: Orbetzova Maria M. , Koleva Daniela I. , Mitkov Mitko D. , Atanassova Iliana B. , Nikolova Julia G. , Atanassova Pepa K. , Genchev Gencho D. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

The AIM of the study was to compare the levels of certain adipose tissue hormones in
women with the two main morphological types of obesity - android and gynoid obesity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 2 groups of age- and weight-matched women
with android (n = 32) and gynoid (n = 27) type of obesity, and a group of age-matched
healthy women (n = 24) with normal weight and body constitution. Leptin, resistin, tumour
necrosis factor α (TNFα), neuropeptide Y (NPY), glucose and insulin were measured.HOMA index was calculated.

RESULTS: Leptin levels in the women with gynoid obesity did not differ significantly from
those in the controls and the women with android obesity. The controls had significantly
lower leptin levels compared with the android obesity women. NPY was significantly higher
in the control women compared to the women with android obesity and did not differ significantly between the two groups of obese women. TNFα levels in all groups were very
similar. Resistin did not show significant differences between all groups but tended to have
the lowest levels in the controls. In the women with android obesity, insulin was significantly
higher than that in the women with gynoid obesity and the controls. Insulin resistance
was found in the women with android obesity only. Basal insulin and HOMA index in the
women with gynoid obesity did not differ significantly from the values in the control group.

CONCLUSION: The results from this study contribute to understanding the association of
adipose tissue hormones and insulin resistance in obesity. When adipose tissue is predominantly
distributed in the abdominal area at similar amount and percentage of body fats,
leptin production is higher and insulin resistance develops. In the gynoid type of adipose
tissue predisposition, overt insulin resistance is not found, leptin levels does not differ significantly from those in the control group.
The effect of the kind of Fe chelate on yielding and quality of greenhouse tomato fruits
Authors: Chohura Piotr , Kołota Eugeniusz , Komosa Andrzej 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A two-year-greenhouse experiment was designed to investigate the effect of four chelates, differing in percentage of Fe content and the kind of Fe bonding ligand: Fe 8 Forte (EDTA+HEEDTA), Fe 9 Premium (DTPA), Fe 13 Top (EDTA) and Librel Fe DP7 (DTPA), on the yield and fruit quality of the ‘Merkury’ F1 greenhouse tomato cultivar grown in peat substrate. Each of the tested fertilisers was applied in three different doses in order to reach the level of 50, 75 or 100 mg available Fe per 1 dm-3 of growing medium. In the control treatment the amount of this nutrient was equal to 17.9 mg dm-3. The tomato was cultivated from transplants on benches in the period from the beginning of April to the end of July.
The highest marketable yield of tomato fruits was obtained from plants fertilised with Fe 9 Premium (DTPA), while the lowest was from the treatment with Fe 13 Top (EDTA) chelate. Both of these sources of iron were equally efficient for the early crop yield, which was significantly higher than that of other tested fertilisers. Irrespective of the Fe source, the most favourable dose of this nutrient for marketable and early fruit yield was 50 mg Fe dm-3. Both tested factors had little effect on fruit composition. The only exception was a significant drop of vitamin C content in the treatment supplied with Fe 9 Premium and an increment of Na in the case of Fe 13 Top use. The increase of Fe in the growing medium up to 75 and 100 mg dm-3 adversely affected the amount of P in tomato fruits.
The effect of preliminary chilling of broccoli transplants on some antioxidative parameters
Authors: Leja Maria , Długosz-Grochowska Olga , Grabowska Aneta , Kunicki Edward 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The aim of this study was to introduce older transplants of broccoli into field conditions to shorten their growing period and to obtain a crop with a high nutritive value. The additional storage of relatively old (four- and eightweek- old) transplants in a cold chamber before planting in the field shortens the growing period; however, it can influence the chemical composition of the leaves and heads. According to earlier research, the preliminary chilling of transplants affected the high yielding of broccoli; a determination of the quality of plants, including select health-promoting properties, was necessary for their full characteristics.
In the present work, the four- and eight-week-old broccoli transplants were kept at 2°C either for one or two weeks before planting in the field. Catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity as well and the accumulation of phenolic compounds were determined in the leaves of the transplants before and after chilling. The same parameters were detected in the leaves and heads of broccoli at harvest time. The effect of low temperature treatment on CAT activity was observed only at the stage of transplants; however, the increased activity of POD stimulated by chilling was maintained during the growing period until the harvest. The reaction of the plants to low temperatures can be connected with their mechanism against stress conditions and seems to vary in the case of those antioxidative enzymes. The effect of chilling on the accumulation of phenolics (total, cinnamic acid derivatives, flavonols) was noted only in transplants and was not evident during the harvest.
The differences observed between the individual seasons of the experiment, both in enzyme activity and synthesis of phenolics, were most likely caused by the differing climatic conditions
Physical properties of Christmas Lima bean at different moisture content
Authors: Aghkhani M.H , Ashtiani S.H. Miraei , Motie J. Baradaran , Abbaspour-Fard M.H. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Some moisture-dependent physical properties of Christmas Lima were investigated. Results of experiments on rewetted Christmas Lima bean seed showed increasing in length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, volume, sphericity, mass, 1 000 seeds mass, projected area and terminal velocity.Adecreasing trend for bulk density and true density was observed. Both static and dynamic coefficients of friction increased as the moisture content increased. The highest static (0.59) and dynamic coefficients of friction (0.34) were found on the rubber surface. The average rupture force, rupture deformation and rupture energy were investigated under compression loading. These characteristics were determined as functions of moisture content, compression orientations and deformation rates. At all deformation rates, rupture deformation and rupture energy of the Christmas Lima bean generally increased with increase of moisture content. Moreover, rupture force decreased for compression along the X- and Y-axis.
Composted municipal waste effect on chosen properties of calcareous soil
Authors: Hamidpour M. , Afyuni M. , Khadivi E. , Zorpas A. , Inglezakis V. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A 3-year field study was conducted to assess effects of composted municipal waste on some properties, distribution of Zn, Cu in a calcareous soil and uptake of these metals by wheat. The treatments were 0, 25, 50 and 100 Mg ha-1 of municipal solidwastewhichwas applied in three consecutive years. The application of composted municipal waste increased the saturated hydraulic conductivity, the aggregate stability,the organic carbon content and electrical conductivity, whereas it slightly decreased the soil pH and bulk density. A significant increase in the concentration of Zn and Cu were observed with increasing number and rate of compost application. The distribution of Zn and Cu between the different fractions in untreated and treated soils showed that the majority of Zn and Cu were in the residual form. Finally, the levels of Zn and Cu were higher in grains of wheat grown in composttreated plots compared to that grown in the control plots.
Effect of Cephalaria syriaca addition on rheological properties of composite flour
Authors: Karaoðlu M.M. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The study was carried out to investigate the effect of whole and defatted Cephalaria syriaca flour on the rheological properties of composite flours that used in bran bread production. Cephalaria syriaca products were used to replace 0.25, 0.75, 1.25, 1.75, and 2.25% of wheat-wheat bran composite flour, and its rheological and fermentative properties were measured by farinograph, extensograph and rheofermentometre. The data showed that the rheological parameters of flours were greatly modified by addition of Cephalaria syriaca. The rheological properties of wheatwheat bran composite flour added with whole and defatted Cephalaria syriaca flour were considerably improved with regard to especially extensograph characteristics such as dough resistance, area (energy), ratio number and rheofermentometer parameters such as Hm, T1, Tx, volume loss and gas retention, as compared to control. However addition of Cephalaria syriaca products adversely affected the farinograph characteristics. Generally, these effects of both whole and defatted Cephalaria syriaca flour increased, as the addition level increased. Maximum Tx, gas retention and area (energy) of dough were obtained from wheat-wheat bran composite flour added with 1.75% whole Cephalaria syriaca flour, while the highest dough stability was at addition level of 0.25% whole Cephalaria syriaca flour.