bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endemism shapes viral ecology and evolution in globally distributed hydrothermal vent ecosystems
Authors: Langwig Marguerite V. , Koester Faith , Martin Cody , Zhou Zhichao , Joye Samantha B. , Reysenbach Anna-Louise , Anantharaman Karthik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractViruses are ubiquitous in deep-sea hydrothermal environments, where they exert a major influence on microbial communities and biogeochemistry. Yet, viral ecology and evolution remain understudied in these environments. Here, we identified 49,962 viruses from 52 globally distributed hydrothermal vent samples (10 plumes, 40 deposits, and 2 diffuse flow), and reconstructed 5,708 viral metagenome-assembled genomes (vMAGs), the majority of which were bacteriophages. Hydrothermal viruses were largely endemic. However, some viruses were shared between geographically separated vents, predominantly between the Lau Basin and Brothers Volcano in the Pacific Ocean. Geographically distant viruses often shared proteins related to core functions such as structural proteins, and rarely, proteins of auxiliary functions. Common microbial hosts of viruses included members of Campylobacterota, Alpha-, and Gammaproteobacteria in deposits, and Gammaproteobacteria in plumes. Campylobacterota- and Gammaproteobacteria-infecting viruses reflected variations in hydrothermal chemistry and functional redundancy in their predicted microbial hosts, suggesting that hydrothermal geology is a driver of viral ecology and coevolution of viruses and hosts. Our study indicates that viral ecology and evolution in globally distributed hydrothermal vents is shaped by endemism, and thus may have increased susceptibility to the negative impacts of deep-sea mining and anthropogenic change in ocean ecosystems.
Bioenergetic stress potentiates antimicrobial resistance and persistence
Authors: Li B , Srivastava S , Shaikh M , Mereddy G , Garcia MR , Shah A , Ofori-Anyinam N , Chu T , Cheney N , Yang JH 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis and there is an urgent need to better understand AMR mechanisms. Antibiotic treatment alters several aspects of bacterial physiology, including increased ATP utilization, carbon metabolism, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. However, how the “bioenergetic stress” induced by increased ATP utilization affects treatment outcomes is unknown. Here we utilized a synthetic biology approach to study the direct effects of bioenergetic stress on antibiotic efficacy. We engineered a genetic system that constitutively hydrolyzes ATP or NADH inEscherichiacoli. We found that bioenergetic stress potentiates AMR evolution via enhanced ROS production, mutagenic break repair, and transcription-coupled repair. We also find that bioenergetic stress potentiates antimicrobial persistence via potentiated stringent response activation. We propose a unifying model that antibiotic-induced antimicrobial resistance and persistence is caused by antibiotic-induced. This has important implications for preventing or curbing the spread of AMR infections.
IL-21 Shapes the B Cell Response in a Context-Dependent Manner
Authors: Kim Youngjun , Manara Francesca , Grassmann Simon , Belcheva Kalina T. , Reyes Kanelly , Kim Hyunu , Downs-Canner Stephanie , Yewdell William T. , Sun Joseph C. , Chaudhuri Jayanta 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a pivotal T cell-derived signal crucial for germinal center (GC) responses, but the precise mechanisms by which IL-21 influences B cell function remain elusive. Here, we investigated the B cell-intrinsic role of IL-21 signaling by employing a novel IL-21 receptor (Il21r) conditional knock-out mouse model andex vivoculture systems and uncovered a surprising duality of IL-21 signaling in B cells. While IL-21 stimulation of naïve B cells led to Bim-dependent apoptosis, it promoted robust proliferation of pre-activated B cells, particularly class-switched IgG1+B cellsex vivo. Consistent with this, B cell-specific deletion ofIl21rled to a severe defect in IgG1 responsesin vivofollowing immunization. Intriguingly,Il21r-deleted B cells are significantly impaired in their ability to transition from a pre-GC to a GC state following immunization. AlthoughIl21r-deficiency did not affect the proportion of IgG1+B cells among GC B cells, it greatly diminished the proportion of IgG1+B cells among the plasmablast/plasma cell population. Collectively, our data suggest that IL-21 serves as a critical regulator of B cell fates, influencing B cell apoptosis and proliferation in a context-dependent manner.
Does pre-speech auditory modulation reflect processes related to feedback monitoring or speech movement planning?
Authors: Li Joanne Jingwen , Daliri Ayoub , Kim Kwang S. , Max Ludo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have revealed that auditory processing is modulated during the planning phase immediately prior to speech onset. To date, the functional relevance of this pre-speech auditory modulation (PSAM) remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether PSAM reflects neuronal processes that are associated with preparing auditory cortex for optimized feedback monitoring as reflected in online speech corrections. Combining electroencephalographic PSAM data from a previous data set with new acoustic measures of the same participants’ speech, we asked whether individual speakers’ extent of PSAM is correlated with the implementation of within-vowel articulatory adjustments during /b/-vowel-/d/ word productions. Online articulatory adjustments were quantified as the extent of change in inter-trial formant variability from vowel onset to vowel midpoint (a phenomenon known ascentering). This approach allowed us to also consider inter-trial variability in formant production and its possible relation to PSAM at vowel onset and midpoint separately. Results showed that inter-trial formant variability was significantly smaller at vowel midpoint than at vowel onset. PSAM was not significantly correlated with this amount of change in variability as an index of within-vowel adjustments. Surprisingly, PSAM was negatively correlated with inter-trial formant variability not only in the middle but also at the very onset of the vowels. Thus, speakers with more PSAM produced formants that were already less variable at vowel onset. Findings suggest that PSAM may reflect processes that influence speech acoustics as early as vowel onset and, thus, that are directly involved in motor command preparation (feedforward control) rather than output monitoring (feedback control).
A fast and robust gene knockout method forSalpingoeca rosettainforms the genetics of choanoflagellate multicellular development
Authors: Combredet Chantal , Brunet Thibaut 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs the closest living relatives of animals, choanoflagellates offer crucial insights into the evolutionary origin of animals. Notably, certain choanoflagellate species engage in facultative multicellular development that resembles the early stages of embryogenesis. In the past few years,Salpingoeca rosettahas emerged as a tractable model for choanoflagellate cell biology and multicellular development, in particular through mutant screens and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout (KO). However, existing KO pipelines have variable and sometimes low efficiency, frequently requiring isolation and genotyping of hundreds of clones without guarantee to obtain a KO strain. Here, we present a robust method for gene inactivation inS. rosettathat relies on insertion by CRISPR/Cas9 of a single 1.9 kb cassette encoding both a premature termination sequence and an antibiotic resistance gene. We show that this approach allows robust, fast and efficient isolation of KO clones after antibiotic selection. As a proof of principle, we first knocked out all three genes previously reported to regulateS. rosettamulticellular development in a published mutant screen (rosetteless,couscousandjumble), and confirmed that all three KOs abolished multicellular development. To showcase the potential of this method forde novocharacterization of candidate developmental genes, we then inactivated three homologs of genes in the Hippo pathway:hippo,wartsandyorkie, which together control cell proliferation and multicellular size in animals. Interestingly,wartsKO rosettes were consistently about twice as large as their wild-type counterparts, showing our KO pipeline can reveal novel loss-of-function phenotypes of biological interest. Thus, this method has the potential to accelerate choanoflagellate functional genetics.
Single influenza A viruses induce nanoscale cellular reprogramming at the virus-cell interface
Authors: Broich Lukas , Wullenkord Hannah , Osman Maria Kaukab , Fu Yang , Reuther Peter , Brönstrup Mark , Sieben Christian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractViruses, as nanoscale entities with limited proteomes, must efficiently infect target cells using their available resources. During infection, individual virions induce specific cellular signaling within the virus-cell interface, a nanoscale patch of the plasma membrane in contact with the virus. However, virus-induced receptor recruitment and cellular activation are transient processes that occur within minutes and at the nanoscale level. Hence, the temporal and spatial kinetics of such early events often remain poorly understood due to technical limitations. To address this challenge, we developed a novel protocol to covalently immobilize unmodified influenza A viruses on glass surfaces before exposing them to live epithelial cells. This approach extends the observation time for virus-plasma membrane interaction while preserving the viruses’ native state for uncompromised cell interaction. Using single-molecule super-resolution microscopy, we investigated virus-receptor interaction showing that viral receptors are not immobilized by the virus but rather slowed down, which leads to a specific local receptor accumulation and turnover. We further followed the dynamics of clathrin-mediated endocytosis at the single-virus level and demonstrate the recruitment of adaptor protein 2 (AP-2), previously thought to be uninvolved in influenza A virus infection. Finally, we examined the nanoscale organization of the actin cytoskeleton at the virus-binding site, showing a local and dynamic response of the cellular actin cortex to the infecting virus. Our findings provide novel insights into the fundamental process of virus-cell interaction and demonstrate the versatility and potential impact of our approach on virus-cell biology.
Coca in history and the future
Authors: Cáceres Santa María Baldomero 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to question the psychiatric framework currently adopted by governments toward the traditional plants of great cultures, stigmatized by the paradigm of the unfounded psychiatric doctrine and to propose the need for a change of outlook.

Design/methodology/approach
Documentary research of the “black history” of coca. Documentary research on academic contributions to the revaluation of coca.

Findings
This brief chronicle of the coca leaf in history, duly documented, proves that its medicinal and energetic prestige was proven and praised by the naturalistic and experimental medicine of the 19th century, a precedent buried by the psychiatric pathologizing version that invented “drug addictions” without any experimental support.

Research limitations/implications
Psychiatry can be revealed as the authoritarian and unpunished inquisition of the 20th century, in its arbitrary pathologizing version of coca leaf consumption and in most of its professional work. A scientific revolution is taking place (Kuhn, 1962), given that the psychopathological paradigm does not respond to the facts surrounding coca leaf consumption and virtues. The medical perspective must replace the negative psychiatric perspective that the law maintains

Practical implications
The author concludes that the way out would be to denounce before the Social and Economic Council of the United Nations, with evidence in hand, the fraud in the 1950 UN Commission on Coca Report, due to concealment on information.

Social implications
Taking advantage of the hygienic and medicinal virtues of plants stigmatized by psychiatry, such as the coca leaf, would put an end to an omnipresent war and give way to peace in the producing areas.

Originality/value
The questioning of the psychiatric frame of reference adopted by governments to deal with coca leaf consumption has led to the “war on drugs.”
Social capital development in online education and its impact on academic performance and satisfaction
Authors: Wong Teik Aun , Tan Kevin Tee Liang , Darmaraj Sheila Rose , Loo Joshua Teck Khun , Ng Alex Hou Hong 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe first objective is to investigate and determine the social capital development of students in online education. The second objective is to analyze the influence of social capital on students’ academic success and educational satisfaction. The third objective is to generate recommendations to foster social capital development.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research approach is employed, with 264 respondents comprising students from colleges and universities in Malaysia. The data gathering instrument is an online questionnaire administered with the informed consent of participants. Data analysis is performed using structural equation modeling (SEM).FindingsThe results show that the faculty capital and peer capital components of social capital have not been compromised in online education, but the family capital component has declined. As such, it is concluded that there is a general decline in overall social capital in online education. These findings form the basis for recommendations on promoting social capital development among students in colleges and universities internationally.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focused on study periods during the COVID-19 pandemic where online learning and communication were strictly enforced, providing a unique opportunity to explore how students adapted their social capital development. However, this is not meant to be a representation of scenarios where students are given the option of either physical or online education or a combination of both.Practical implicationsAcademic and institutional management implications are evident, and recommendations are made based on the findings.Social implicationsThe findings and subsequent recommendations have considerable social implications in terms of social sustainability of education practices and policies.Originality/valueThe COVID-19 pandemic that started in March 2020 and subsequent prolonged periods of physical lockdowns in many countries have forced colleges and universities that customarily practice classroom education to shift to online education temporarily. This situation created a novel “natural experiment” when classes or programs from the same college or university that are customarily conducted in classrooms (in person) were conducted online during the pandemic, thus contributing to the originality of the findings.
Good news urban tourism researchers! 19 ways to enhance the usefulness of your observational video analysis research
Authors: Nicely Annmarie 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
The present article encourages urban tourism researchers use pre-recorded (like YouTube, TikTok and security camera footage) and self-recorded video data in research. The author highlighted the benefits of doing so for urban tourism scholars, as well as ways in which these investigators can use the observational video analysis technique to produce convincing findings and advance their field.

Design/methodology/approach
To accomplish the purpose, the author reviewed 25 scholarly articles on the topic from several fields.

Findings
One benefit of observational video analysis research (OVAR), the author highlighted, was the ability of scholars in different locations to simultaneously observe interactions, the focus of the study, in their natural setting and discuss them. This practice is not possible with traditional ethnographic research. Also, one way the author mentioned researchers can accomplish rigor in their OVAR project is through multimodal transcription. With multimodal transcription, verbal and non-verbal happenings in videos are transliterated and later analyzed.

Research limitations/implications
It is hoped because of the present article, increased use of the technique in urban tourism research will be seen.

Originality/value
The present article is the first, to the best of the author’s knowledge, to detail how rigor can be accomplished in OVAR in urban tourism.
Insights into elder abuse: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yueh Kuan-Yu , Chang Wen-Jung 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the trends in academic research on elder abuse from 1990 to 2023 using bibliometric analysis. It seeks to identify research trends, hotspots and gaps and proposes future research directions.

Design/methodology/approach
Using bibliometric analysis method, this study analyzes 2,404 documents related to elder abuse from the Scopus database. Visual analysis is conducted using VOSviewer software to reveal research trends, thematic clusters and their interrelationships.

Findings
The study shows a rising concern for elder abuse, especially in nursing homes, domestic settings and among dementia patients. However, research on prevention and intervention measures is lacking, despite increasing international collaboration. Yet, deeper exploration of cross-cultural and regional differences remains limited.

Practical implications
This study reveals that improving care conditions for nursing home residents and dementia patients requires increased funding, professional training for caregivers, the strengthening of regulations and the establishment of clear guidelines for reporting abuse. Additionally, promoting international cooperation, sharing best practices, raising public awareness and supporting ongoing research are essential measures to ensure the safety and dignity of older adults.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study represents the first systematic review of elder abuse research using bibliometric analysis, providing researchers and policymakers with a comprehensive knowledge framework of the field’s development trends and research hotspots.
The impact of open branding on consumer brand attitudes: the moderating role of power distance belief
Authors: Li Yao , Zhang Cheng , Zhou Mi 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of open branding on consumer brand attitudes, as mediated by brand warmth and brand competence, and moderated by power distance belief.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs two one-factor (brand strategy: open branding vs closed branding) between-subject experimental designs and a 2 × 2, namely (open branding vs closed branding) × (power distance belief: high vs low) between-subject experimental design to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe study indicates that open branding can enhance consumer brand attitudes, and that brand warmth and brand competence mediate the impact of open branding on consumer brand attitudes. Furthermore, power distance beliefs (PDB) moderated these relationships. Specifically, the impact of open branding on consumers brand attitudes is stronger for consumers with low PDB than for those with high PDB.Practical implicationsBrand managers should consider adopting an open branding strategy to enhance consumers brand attitudes when encountering consumers’ unauthorized use of brand-related intellectual property. Additionally, when implementing an open-branding strategy, brand managers should use appropriate language to enhance consumers’ perceptions of brand warmth and brand competence.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the interactive marketing literature by empirically examining the impact of open branding on consumer brand attitudes. Furthermore, it investigates the underlying mechanism of how and the boundary conditions when open branding increases consumer brand attitudes, enriching the current knowledge.
Refugees and mental wellbeing. A call for community approaches in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Brannelly Tula , Bhatia Anjali , Malihi Arezoo Zarintaj , Vanderpyl Lucie , Brennan Buster , Gonzalez Perez Leo , Saeid Fahima , Holroyd Eleanor , Charania Nadia 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine community based, trauma informed to support refugee mental health and wellbeing, recognising that refugee status is met through forced displacement in which refugees have experience of personal human rights abuses and have survived atrocities in which family and community have been lost.

Design/methodology/approach
A co-production approach was taken to review existing literature and policy to produce a position statement on how to better meet the needs of people who experience mental distress who are refugees. The co-production was between refugee and mental health researchers and refugee representatives.

Findings
Understanding the mental health needs of refugees has conventionally focused on incidence of mental illness such as post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. If mental health and illness are understood as a continuum, diagnosis of mental illness indicates a significant problem, and furthermore access to services is predicated on risks associated with mental illness. When accessing mental health services, refugees have an added issue in a lack of communication availability and recognition of the trauma that they have survived.

Originality/value
In this paper, a different position is advocated, that understanding the mental health of refugees can be framed more effectively as a process of recovery from trauma that emerges during resettlement, and over a long period of time before people are able to talk about the trauma they experienced. Community-based responses that enable recovery from trauma are more readily able to meet the mental health and wellbeing needs of refugee communities.
“Ideology and Religion” how left‐right ideology plays a key role in attitudes toward Israel and Palestine in Sweden
Authors: Owiredu Maria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis research underscores the key role of ideology in shaping the Swedish public's stance towards Israel and Palestine. With the help of a survey conducted by the Surveyinstitute in 2020, this paper studies the Swedish population's attitudes toward the actions of Israel and Palestine in the Israel‐Palestine conflict. The findings reveal a distinct ideological divide along the left‐right scale in the attitudes of the Swedish population towards Israel and Palestine's actions. This ideological chasm extends to additional actors, such as Sweden, the United States, and the EU, in the Israel‐Palestine conflict. While religion does exert influence, particularly among practicing individuals, the study concludes that ideology is the most relevant factor in attitudes toward the actions of Israel and Palestina from a Swedish perspective.