bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of infant feeding and dietary intake on obesity prevalence in low‐income toddlers
Authors: Davis Jaimie N. , Koleilat Maria , Shearrer Grace E. , Whaley Shannon E. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveThis cross‐sectional study assesses the independent and combined effects of breastfeeding (BF) and dietary intake, specifically sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSB), on obesity prevalence in low‐income, primarily Hispanic toddlers.MethodsThe following data were collected in 2011 via phone surveys with caregivers of 2295 low‐income children (2‐4 years) from Los Angeles County Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) programs: infant feeding, dietary intake, gestational diabetes status, birth weight, gestational age, and mother's BMI. WIC staff measured children's height and weight. Chi‐square tests and binary logistic regressions assessed the independent and combined effects of BF and dietary intake on obesity prevalence.ResultsCompared to no BF, BF ≥ 12 mos was associated with a 47% reduction in obesity prevalence (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.4‐0.8, P = 0.004). Compared to 2 + SSB/d, no SSB/d intake was associated with a 28% reduction in obesity prevalence (AOR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.5‐1.0, P = 0.03). High intake of soda, diet soda, and fruit drinks were linked to increases in obesity prevalence. There was no effect of 100% juice, milk (plain or flavored) fruit, vegetable, fast food, or sweetened grain intake on obesity prevalence.ConclusionsThese findings support encouragement of BF ≥ 12 mos and no SSB intake to prevent obesity in low‐income, primarily Hispanic, toddlers.
Epigenetic dysregulation of leukaemic HOX code in MLL‐rearranged leukaemia mouse model
Authors: Ng Ray Kit , Kong Cheuk Ting , So Chi Chiu , Lui Wing Chi , Chan Yuen Fan , Leung Ka Chun , So Kam Chung , Tsang Ho Man , Chan Li Chong , Sham Mai Har 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHOX genes are frequently dysregulated in human leukaemia with the gene rearrangement between mixed lineage leukaemia (MLL) and partner genes. The resultant MLL fusion proteins are known to mediate leukaemia through disruption of the normal epigenetic regulation at the target gene loci. To elucidate the pathogenic role of MLL fusion proteins in HOX dysregulation in leukaemia, we generated a novel haematopoietic lineage‐specific Mll–Een knock‐in mouse model using a Cre‐mediated inversion strategy. The MllEen/+ invertor mice developed acute myeloid leukaemia, with organomegaly of the spleen, liver and mesenteric lymph nodes caused by infiltration of blast cells. Using Mll–Een‐expressing leukaemic cell lines derived from bone marrow of MllEen/+ mutant mice, we showed that induction of Hox genes in leukaemic cells was associated with hypomethylated promoter regions and an aberrant active chromatin state at the Hox loci. Knock‐down of Prmt1 was insufficient to reverse the active chromatin status and the hypomethylated Hox loci, suggesting that Prmt1‐mediated histone arginine methylation was only partially involved in the maintenance of Hox expression in leukaemic cells. Furthermore, in vivo analysis of bone marrow cells of MllEen/+ mice revealed a Hox expression profile similar to that of wild‐type haematopoietic stem cells. The leukaemic Hox profile was highly correlated with aberrant hypomethylation of Hox promoters in the mutant mice, which highlights the importance of DNA methylation in leukaemogenic mechanisms induced by MLL fusion proteins. Our results point to the involvement of dynamic epigenetic regulations in the maintenance of the stem cell‐like HOX code that initiates leukaemic stem cells in MLL‐rearranged leukaemia. This provides insights for the development of alternative strategies for leukaemia treatment. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultra‐deep T cell receptor sequencing reveals the complexity and intratumour heterogeneity of T cell clones in renal cell carcinomas
Authors: Gerlinger Marco , Quezada Sergio A , Peggs Karl S , Furness Andrew JS , Fisher Rosalie , Marafioti Teresa , Shende Vishvesh H , McGranahan Nicholas , Rowan Andrew J , Hazell Steven , Hamm David , Robins Harlan S , Pickering Lisa , Gore Martin , Nicol David L , Larkin James , Swanton Charles 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe recognition of cancer cells by T cells can impact upon prognosis and be exploited for immunotherapeutic approaches. This recognition depends on the specific interaction between antigens displayed on the surface of cancer cells and the T cell receptor (TCR), which is generated by somatic rearrangements of TCR α‐ and β‐chains (TCRb). Our aim was to assess whether ultra‐deep sequencing of the rearranged TCRb in DNA extracted from unfractionated clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) samples can provide insights into the clonality and heterogeneity of intratumoural T cells in ccRCCs, a tumour type that can display extensive genetic intratumour heterogeneity (ITH). For this purpose, DNA was extracted from two to four tumour regions from each of four primary ccRCCs and was analysed by ultra‐deep TCR sequencing. In parallel, tumour infiltration by CD4, CD8 and Foxp3 regulatory T cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and correlated with TCR‐sequencing data. A polyclonal T cell repertoire with 367–16 289 (median 2394) unique TCRb sequences was identified per tumour region. The frequencies of the 100 most abundant T cell clones/tumour were poorly correlated between most regions (Pearson correlation coefficient, –0.218 to 0.465). 3–93% of these T cell clones were not detectable across all regions. Thus, the clonal composition of T cell populations can be heterogeneous across different regions of the same ccRCC. T cell ITH was higher in tumours pretreated with an mTOR inhibitor, which could suggest that therapy can influence adaptive tumour immunity. These data show that ultra‐deep TCR‐sequencing technology can be applied directly to DNA extracted from unfractionated tumour samples, allowing novel insights into the clonality of T cell populations in cancers. These were polyclonal and displayed ITH in ccRCC. TCRb sequencing may shed light on mechanisms of cancer immunity and the efficacy of immunotherapy approaches. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metastatic progression of breast cancer: insights from 50 years of autopsies
Authors: Cummings Margaret C , Simpson Peter T , Reid Lynne E , Jayanthan Janani , Skerman Joanna , Song Sarah , McCart Reed Amy E , Kutasovic Jamie R , Morey Adrienne L , Marquart Louise , O'Rourke Peter , Lakhani Sunil R 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThere remain no clear guidelines for the optimal management of patients with metastatic breast cancer. To better understand its natural history, we undertook a detailed examination of 197 autopsies performed on women who died of breast cancer. We reviewed clinical, treatment and pathological aspects of all cases and, additionally, pathological features and biomarker expression (ER, PgR, HER2, EGFR, p53, Ki67, c‐Kit, CK AE1/AE3) were assessed in detail for the primary tumour and matched metastases for 55 of the cases. Genomes of the primary tumour and multiple metastases were analysed by array‐based comparative genomic hybridization for six cases##. 945 metastatic deposits were identified, with a median of four/patient. The most common organs involved were lung/pleura (80%), bone (74%), liver (71%) and non‐axillary lymph nodes (55%). Major findings included: (a) patients with CNS metastases were more likely to have bone metastases (p < 0.013); (b) younger age was associated with metastasis to the liver (≤ 49 years; p < 0.001) and to gynaecological organs (≤ 49 years; p = 0.001); (c) surgical excision of the primary tumour was associated with metastasis to the liver (p = 0.002); and (d) ER and PgR showed down‐regulation during progression in a non‐random manner, particularly in lung/pleura (ER; p < 0.001), liver and bone metastases. Genomic analysis revealed DNA copy number variation between the primary tumour and metastases (e.g. amplification of 2q11.2–q12.1 and 10q22.2–q22.3) but little variation between metastases from the same patient. In summary, the association of CNS and bone metastases, liver and gynaecological metastases in young women and the risk of liver metastases following surgery have important implications for the management of patients with breast cancer. Clonal heterogeneity of the primary tumour is important in developing metastatic propensity and the change in tumour phenotype during progression/colonization highlights the importance of sampling metastatic disease for optimal treatment strategies. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Assessment of gross motor skills and phenotype profile in children 9–11 years of age in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Leone Mario , Viret Pierre , Bui Hung Tien , Laverdière Caroline , Kalinova Émilia , Comtois Alain‐Steve 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a new gross motor skill test battery in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) children who have been off therapy for at least 1 year and to assess its discriminatory power (discriminant analysis) from healthy children.ProcedureTwenty children (10 males and 10 females) 9–11 years of age (median age = 10.6 years) were assessed by the UQAC–UQAM test battery and then compared to recent provincial norms. This pilot study was also an opportunity to validate this test battery as a reliable tool for clinical or research purposes in the area of chronic or disabling diseases in children. Eleven motor skill variables grouped into five factors have been measured (speed, agility, balance, coordination, and reaction time).ResultsScores from 10 of the 11 motor skill tests showed significant differences when compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.05). Nearly 50% of patients obtained an average score below the 15th percentile. Furthermore, stepwise discriminant analysis allowed classifying successfully 88.4% of children in the correct group (ALL or Control). The normal development of GMS among children affected by ALL appears to have been compromised. The UQAC–UQAM test battery seems to be sensitive enough to quantify with precision the extent of the motor impairment in these children.ConclusionThe UQAC–UQAM test battery appears to be a useful tool to evaluate the extent to which ALL survivors are affected. Early motor intervention should be considered for those patients even during the treatment periods. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:46–52. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intermittent X‐linked thrombocytopenia with a novel WAS gene mutation
Authors: Wada Taizo , Itoh Masatsune , Maeba Hideaki , Toma Tomoko , Niida Yo , Saikawa Yutaka , Yachie Akihiro 
Published: October 2013

AbstractX‐linked thrombocytopenia (XLT) is caused by mutations in the WAS gene and characterized by thrombocytopenia with minimal or no immunodeficiency. Patients with XLT usually exhibit persistent thrombocytopenia, and intermittent thrombocytopenia has been described only in two families. Here, we report a patient with intermittent XLT carrying a novel missense mutation (Ala56Thr). He showed residual expression of Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein in the lymphocytes and platelets. There appeared to be an association between normal platelet numbers and a post infectious state. Our findings further support the importance of analysis of Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein in male patients who exhibit fluctuating courses of thrombocytopenia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:746–748. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endothelin‐1 gene polymorphisms and risk of chemoresistant pediatric osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhou Yu , Liu Bo , Wang Min , Ni Jiangdong 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common childhood bone cancer. Chemoresistance is the principal reason for poor survival and disease recurrence in OS patients, and ET‐1 reportedly plays an important role in the development of chemoresistance in OS cells. In the present study, we for the first time explored the association of endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) SNPs and haplotypes with the risk of chemoresistant pediatric OS.ProcedureWe genotyped three SNPs (rs1800541, rs2070699, and rs5370) in the ET‐1 gene in a case–control study, using 350 pairs of age, sex, and tumor location and stage matched pediatric patients with OS. Patients who showed <90% tumor necrosis after neochemotherapy were defined as poor responders (cases), and those who showed ≥90% tumor necrosis were defined as good responders (controls).ResultsThe G allele at rs1800541 and the G allele at rs2070699 were associated with reduced and increased risk of chemoresistant OS, respectively. The rs1800541–rs2070699 haplotypes TG and GT were respectively associated with increased (P = 0.012; adjusted OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.10–5.65) and reduced (P = 0.009; adjusted OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.14–0.84) risk of chemoresistant OS. The TG and the GT haplotypes have a gene‐dosage effect on increasing and decreasing the ET‐1 expression in primary OS tumor cells from chemoresistant pediatric OS subjects, respectively.ConclusionsThis study provides the first evidence of an association between the ET‐1 gene SNPs and haplotypes and the risk of chemoresistant pediatric OS, potentially adding new insights into the pathophysiology and treatment of chemoresistant OS. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:612–617. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intra‐operator and inter‐operator reliability of manual and semiautomated measurement of fetal nuchal translucency: a cross sectional study
Authors: Bakker M. , Mulder P. , Birnie E. , Bilardo C. M. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe goal of this study was to examine the intra‐operator and inter‐operator differences of the manual and semiautomated nuchal translucency (NT) measurements and to evaluate if these differences alter women's risk status.MethodsA cross sectional study was performed. Two operators obtained manual and semiautomated NT measurements of 153 NT images. The maximal acceptable difference in NT measurements within and between operators was 0.15 mm. Intra and inter‐operator differences were analyzed by the paired Student's t‐test and homogeneity of variances by the Levene's test. Intra‐operator and inter‐operator agreement were quantified with Bland and Altman's limits of agreement, and changes in women's risk status were tested with the binomial test.ResultsIntra‐operator agreement was high for each of the measurement methods. Operator 1 had lower SDS for manual measurements. Conversely, operator 2 had lower SDS of the differences for semiautomated measurements, although the SD never reached the same level as operator 1. Inter‐operator agreement was highest for the semiautomated measurements. Changes in risk status occurred between the manual and inner‐middle method resulting in different clinical policies in up to 1 out of 20 cases.ConclusionWell‐trained operators do not seem to benefit from the use of the semiautomated measurement methods. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of maternal serum PlGF and sFlt‐1 between pregnancies with and without fetal hemoglobin Bart's disease
Authors: Tongprasert Fuanglada , Srisupundit Kasemsri , Luewan Suchaya , Tongsong Theera 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the levels of maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) between pregnancies with fetal hemoglobin (Hb) Bart's disease and unaffected pregnancies.MethodsNinety‐one pregnancies at risk for fetal Hb Bart's disease scheduled for cordocentesis at 18–22 weeks were recruited into the study. Maternal serum PlGF and sFlt‐1 concentrations were measured before cordocentesis. Fetal blood samples were collected for thalassemia diagnosis based on fetal Hb typing using high‐performance liquid chromatography. PlGF, sFlt‐1, and sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio were compared between the fetal Hb Bart's group and the non‐Hb Bart's group (normal Hb typing or α‐thalassemia‐1 carrier).ResultsMaternal serum concentration of PlGF was significantly higher in women with fetal Hb Bart's disease (18 cases) than those with unaffected fetuses (71 cases) (P = 0.008), whereas the concentration of sFlt‐1 was not significantly different (P = 0.139). However, the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio was significantly lower in women with fetal Hb Bart's disease than those with unaffected fetuses (P = 0.001).ConclusionPlacental growth factor may help differentiate affected from unaffected fetuses among pregnancies at risk, though further studies are needed to confirm its usefulness. In addition, preeclampsia prediction using these markers may be unreliable in pregnancies with placental dysfunction secondary to severe fetal anemia. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stomach herniation predicts fetal death or non‐reassuring fetal status in gastroschisis at late pregnancy
Authors: Kanda Eriko , Ogawa Kohei , Sugibayashi Rika , Sumie Masahiro , Matsui Hideo , Wada Seiji , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: October 2013

What's already known about this topic?

Sudden fetal death and a non‐reassuring fetal status are more frequent in fetal gastroschisis. Many studies were undertaken to determine what findings may predict postnatal outcome, but few assessed the findings related to the fetal risk.What does this study add?

Fetal gastroschisis with stomach herniation is associated with a high risk of fetal death or non‐reassuring fetal status.
Descriptive investigation of the recording of influenza vaccination details on The Health Information Network database
Authors: Hall Gillian C. , Hill Fiona 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe UK primary care databases are used in pharmacoepidemiology studies of vaccination type. We investigated vaccine recording and whether, and how, exposure to specific brands and batches can be identified.MethodsDetails of influenza vaccinations given in the 2010–2011 or 2011–2012 seasons were identified from coded and text fields in The Health Information Network UK primary care database. The proportion of people over 64 years of age vaccinated against influenza was compared with published regional rates. Searches for Fluvirin (Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics GmbH, Marburg, Germany) batch numbers and name identified exposure to this specific vaccine. The recording of any brand name and batch number was described for a sample of 1000 vaccinations across 472 practices.ResultsA total of 767 904 influenza vaccinations were identified during the 2010–2011 season and 784 518 in 2011–2012. Vaccination rates for people aged over 64 years were 75.6%, 80.9%, 78.4% and 71.9% in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, respectively (2011–2012 season), compared with published figures of 74.0%, 77.0%, 76.2% and 67.7%. Rates were slightly lower in 2010–2011 in both data sources. A Fluvirin brand was identified for 3.6% of all UK vaccinations but 26.2% of those in Scottish practices. Vaccination brand could be identified for 94.3% of the sample, 93.6% with a batch number. Batch number (98.5%) and brand name (50.3%) were most frequently recorded in an immunisation ‘batch’ text field.ConclusionPatients exposed to an influenza vaccine in primary care can be identified from The Health Information Network. Identification of brand or batch number requires a text search. Regional variation in brand of vaccine should be considered when estimating sample size. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in oxycodone and heroin exposures in the National Poison Data System after introduction of extended‐release oxycodone with abuse‐deterrent characteristics
Authors: Coplan Paul M. , Kale Hrishikesh , Sandstrom Lauren , Landau Craig , Chilcoat Howard D. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTPurposeAbuse and misuse of prescription opioids are serious public health problems. Abuse‐deterrent formulations are an intervention to balance risk mitigation with appropriate patient access. This study evaluated the effects of physicochemical barriers to crushing and dissolving on safety outcomes associated with extended‐release oxycodone (ERO) tablets (OxyContin) using a national surveillance system of poison centers. Other single‐entity (SE) oxycodone tablets and heroin were used as comparators and to assess substitution effects.MethodsThe National Poison Data System covering all US poison centers was used to measure changes in exposures in the year before versus the 2 years after introduction of reformulated ERO (7/2009–6/2010 vs 9/2010–9/2012). Outcomes included abuse, therapeutic errors affecting patients, and accidental exposures.ResultsAfter ERO reformulation, abuse exposures decreased 36% for ERO, increased 20% for other SE oxycodone, and increased 42% for heroin. Therapeutic errors affecting patients decreased 20% for ERO and increased 19% for other SE oxycodone. Accidental exposures decreased 39% for ERO, increased 21% for heroin, and remained unchanged for other SE oxycodone. During the study period, other interventions to reduce opioid abuse occurred, for example, educational and prescription monitoring programs. However, these have shown small effects and do not explain a drop for ERO exposures but not for other opioids.ConclusionsAfter ERO reformulation, calls to poison centers involving abuse, therapeutic errors affecting patients, and accidental exposures decreased for ERO, but not for comparator opioids. Abuse‐deterrent formulations of opioid analgesics can reduce abuse, but switching to other accessible non abuse‐deterrent opioids might occur. © 2013 The Authors. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with reduced absorber thickness
Authors: Reinhard Patrick , Pianezzi Fabian , Kranz Lukas , Nishiwaki Shiro , Chirilă Adrian , Buecheler Stephan , Tiwari Ayodhya N. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractReduction of the absorber thickness combined with deposition on a flexible substrate is a technically viable strategy to allow lower cost manufacturing of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar modules. Flexible plastic substrates, however, require a low‐temperature deposition process and appropriate control of the band gap grading for achieving high efficiencies. In this work, we developed solar cells on polyimide films using evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorbers with thickness of 0.8–1.3 µm. The double Ga‐grading profile across the absorber thickness was modified by varying the maximum Cu excess at the end of the second stage or by adapting the In and Ga evaporation flux profiles during the growth process. By minimizing the Cu excess during the intermediate stage of the growth process, no loss in open circuit voltage and fill factor is observed compared with a device having a thicker absorber. Efficiency of 16.3% was achieved for cells with an absorber thickness of 1.25 µm. Insufficient absorption of photons in the long wavelength region is mainly responsible for current loss. By changing the In and Ga evaporation profiles, the shape and position of the Ga notch were effectively modified, but it did not lead to a higher device performance. Modifications of the Ga compositional profile could not help to significantly reduce absorption losses or increase charge carrier collection in absorbers with thickness below 1 µm. Changes of open circuit voltage and fill factor are mostly related to differences in the net acceptor density or the reverse saturation current rather than changes of the double Ga grading. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.