bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Straightforward Organocatalytic Alkylation of 2‐Arylacetaldehydes: An Approach Towards Bisabolanes.
Authors: Gualandi Andrea , Canestrari Pietro , Emer Enrico , Cozzi Pier Giorgio 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMacmillan′s catalyst is employed in the enantioselective α‐methylation of 2‐arylacetaldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: General Catalyst Control of the Monoisomerization of 1‐Alkenes to trans‐2‐Alkenes.
Authors: Larsen Casey R. , Erdogan Gulin , Grotjahn Douglas B. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA general method for the highly regioselective isomerization of the title compounds by an in‐situ formed Ru‐catalyst is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced, Copper‐Catalyzed Alkylation of Amides with Unactivated Secondary Alkyl Halides at Room Temperature.
Authors: Do Hien‐Quang , Bachman Shoshana , Bissember Alex C. , Peters Jonas C. , Fu Gregory C. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA photoinduced transition‐metal catalyzed N‐alkylation of amides with unactivated secondary alkyl halides is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantio‐ and Regioselective Iridium‐Catalyzed Allylic Esterification.
Authors: Qu Jianping , Rossberg Lydia , Helmchen Guenter 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA synthesis of a broad range of aliphatic and aromatic substituted chiral allyl esters with high enantiomeric excess from allyl phosphates is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen‐Bond‐Activated Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation via Allylic Alkyl Ethers: Challenging Leaving Groups.
Authors: Huo Xiaohong , Quan Mao , Yang Guoqiang , Zhao Xiaohu , Liu Delong , Liu Yangang , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe method is also applicable to the allylic alkylation of aldehydes, such as the transformation of (Ia) with phenylacetaldehyde which succeeds with moderate yield.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Synthesis of α‐Trifluoromethylstyrenes Through Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings with 1,1,1‐Trifluoroacetone Tosylhydrazone.
Authors: Jimenez‐Aquino Agustin , Vega Juan A. , Trabanco Andres A. , Valdes Carlos 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe large‐scale synthesis of the trifluoromethyl source (I) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation of Arylated Quinones by Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidative Arylation of Phenols: Formal Synthesis of Phellodonin, Sarcodonin ε, Leucomelone and Betulinan A.
Authors: Deb Arghya , Agasti Soumitra , Saboo Tapish , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn a few cases NaOH is found advantageous over K2CO3.
ChemInform Abstract: A Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization: Direct Synthesis of N‐Substituted Phthalimides from Isocyanates and Benzoic Acids.
Authors: Shi Xian‐Ying , Renzetti Andrea , Kundu Soumen , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe cyclization reaction provides a facile and direct access to a wide variety of substituted phthalimides.
ChemInform Abstract: Organoselenium‐Catalyzed Mild Dehydration of Aldoximes: An Unexpected Practical Method for Organonitrile Synthesis.
Authors: Yu Lei , Li Hongyan , Zhang Xu , Ye Jianqing , Liu Jianping , Xu Qing , Lautens Mark 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe reaction can be scaled up.
ChemInform Abstract: Melamine and Melamine‐Formaldehyde Polymers as Ligands for Palladium and Application to Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions in Sustainable Solvents.
Authors: Edwards Grant A. , Trafford Mitchell A. , Hamilton Alaina E. , Buxton Audrey M. , Bardeaux Matthew C. , Chalker Justin M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe melamine/Pd(OAc)2 is soluble and active in both water and the renewable nontoxic organic solvent ethyl lactate (ELA).
ChemInform Abstract: Development of the Direct Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling of Primary B‐Alkyl MIDA‐Boronates and Aryl Bromides.
Authors: St. Denis Jeffrey D. , Scully Conor C. G. , Lee C. Frank , Yudin Andrei K. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWhile aryl chlorides are unreactive under the reaction conditions, aryl iodides are reactive but give homocoupled instead of cross‐coupling products.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Novel Fused Cycloheptatrienes Through Mn(II)‐Mediated Formal Intermolecular [2 + 2 + 2 + 1] Cycloaddition.
Authors: Shu Wen‐Ming , Ma Jun‐Rui , Yang Yan , Wu An‐Xin 
Published: August 2014

AbstractApplication of 1,4‐benzoquinone, juglone or 1,4‐anthracenedione do not yield the corresponding products.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Formal [3 + 3] Cycloaddition of an Azomethine Ylide with 3‐Indolylmethanol: Enantioselective Construction of a Six‐Membered Piperidine Framework.
Authors: Shi Feng , Zhu Ren‐Yi , Dai Wei , Wang Cong‐Shuai , Tu Shu‐Jiang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractFor the first time the enantioselective cycloaddition of isatin‐derived 3‐indolylmethanol is presented realized by an unprecedented formal [3 + 3] cycloaddition of azomethine ylide instead of the common [3 + 2] cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Tungsten‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Epoxidation of Allylic and Homoallylic Alcohols with Hydrogen Peroxide.
Authors: Wang Chuan , Yamamoto Hisashi 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe first tungsten catalyzed general epoxidation of primary, secondary as well as tertiary allylic and homoallylic alcohols is presented using aqueous H2O2 as oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: DABCO‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Furans from Propargyl Alcohols and Methyl 2‐Perfluoroalkynoate.
Authors: Chong Qinglei , Xin Xiaoyi , Wang Chunxiang , Wu Fan , Wang Haolong , Shi Ji‐cheng , Wan Boshun 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe title synthesis is applicable to a broad substrate scope under the present mild and effective conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Aryl or Vinyl Addition to Electron‐Deficient Alkenes Cascaded by Cationic Cyclization.
Authors: Zhou Bing , Hou Wei , Yang Yaxi , Feng Huijin , Li Yuanchao 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe methodology is applied to accomplish a concise formal total synthesis of the natural alkaloids (.+‐.)‐physostigmine and (.+‐.)‐physovenine.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Carbazole Synthesis via Pd/Cu‐Cocatalyzed Cross‐Coupling/Isomerization of 2‐Allyl‐3‐iodoindoles and Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Zhu Can , Ma Shengming 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe structures of products (IIIa) and (VIII) are confirmed by X‐ray analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Dearomatizing [3 + 2] Annulation of α‐Imino Carbenoids with Aryl Rings Furnishing 3,4‐Fused Indole Skeletons.
Authors: Miura Tomoya , Funakoshi Yuuta , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe title reaction constitutes a straightforward synthesis of 3,4‐fused dihydroindoles and indoles starting from simple 5‐aryl‐1‐alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Easy Two‐Step, Microwave‐Assisted Method for the Synthesis of Halophenyl Pyrrolo[2,3‐b]quinoxalines via Their Pyrrolo Precursors. Evaluation of Their Bioactivity.
Authors: Manta Stella , Gkaragkouni Dimitra‐Niki , Kaffesaki Eleni , Gkizis Petros , Hadjipavlou‐Litina Dimitra , Pontiki Eleni , Balzarini Jan , Dehaen Wim , Komiotis Dimitri 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn a one‐pot three‐component reaction, 4‐halobenzaldehydes are condensed with MeNH2 and sodium diethyloxalacetate to 2,3‐dioxo‐5‐halophenylpyrrolo derivatives (III) which are then reacted with o‐phenylenediamine to form either non‐aromatized or aromatized halophenyl‐pyrrolo[2,3‐b]quinoxalines [(VI) or (VII), resp.].
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Methodology for Synthesis of Dihydropyrazole Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Wang Xu , Pan Ying‐ming , Huang Xiao‐chao , Mao Zhong‐yuan , Wang Heng‐shan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractTitle compounds (III) (22 examples) are prepared via addition of hydrazines (II) to propargyl alcohols (I) in the presence of a catalytic amount of tBuOK.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Highly Chemoselective Synthesis of 1,2‐Disubstituted Benzimidazoles Using Hierarchical Nanoporous Material.
Authors: Senthilkumar Samuthirarajan , Kumarraja Mayilvasagam 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA highly ordered nanoporous aluminosilicate is prepared and successfully employed as reusable catalyst for the condensation of o‐phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Oxazole Derivatives via Palladium‐Catalyzed and Copper‐Mediated Cascade Oxidative Cyclization.
Authors: Zheng Jia , Zhang Min , Huang Liangbin , Hu Xiaohan , Wu Wanqing , Huang Huawen , Jiang Huangfeng 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA novel approach to forge C—N and C—O bonds in one process for the synthesis of trisubstituted oxazole derivatives (III) and (V) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Stable Triformylmethane Synthon and Its Scalable Application to 7‐Acylamino‐3‐formylquinoline Syntheses.
Authors: Sawai Yasuhiro , Mizuno Masahiro , Ito Tatsuya , Yamano Mitsuhisa 
Published: August 2014

AbstractNovel 2‐iminiomethylvinamidinium trihalide (II) shows non‐deliquescent nature in air.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Heterocyclization and Cyclopalladation of Selenoanisole Substituted Propargyl Imines: Synthesis and Reactivity of Pd—C Bond Towards Alkynes.
Authors: Racharlawar Shailesh S. , Shankar D. , Karkhelikar Manjusha V. , Sridhar B. , Likhar Pravin R. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of dimeric cyclopalladated benzoselenophenes (II) is presented and their reactivity towards insertion of internal bisarylalkynes is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Si‐ and N‐Containing Bicyclo[4.2.1]nona‐2,4‐dienes and Bicyclo[4.2.1]nona‐2,4,7‐trienes
Authors: D'yakonov V. A. , Kolokol'tsev D. I. , Kadikova G. N. , Dzhemilev U. M. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract[via [6π + 2π] cycloaddition reactions].
ChemInform Abstract: Remodeling Natural Products: Chemistry and Serine Hydrolase Activity of a Rocaglate‐Derived β‐Lactone.
Authors: Lajkiewicz Neil J. , Cognetta Armand B. III , Niphakis Micah J. , Cravatt Benjamin F. , Porco John A. Jr. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe title lactone (I) inhibits the serine hydrolases ACOT1/2 and ABHD10, and the serine peptidases CTSA and SCPEP1 in PC3 cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Critical Review: Effects of Complex Interactions on Structure and Dynamics of Supported Metal Catalysts
Authors: Frenkel Anatoly I. , Cason Michael W. , Elsen Annika , Jung Ulrich , Small Matthew W. , Nuzzo Ralph G. , Vila Fernando D. , Rehr John J. , Stach Eric A. , Yang Judith C. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractReview: 275 refs.
Temperature dependant crosstalk analysis in coupled single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundle interconnects
Authors: Rai Mayank Kumar , Sarkar Sankar 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe temperature‐dependent, crosstalk‐induced, noise voltage waveform and its frequency spectrum, in capacitive coupled single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundle interconnects, at the far end of victim line, have been analyzed at 22‐nm technology node. A similar analysis is performed for copper interconnects and a comparison is made between the results of these two analyses. The SPICE simulation results reveal that at temperature variations ranging from 300 to 500 K, compared with conventional metal (copper) conductors, crosstalk noise voltage levels in CNT, at the far end of victim line, are significantly low. Simulated results further reveal that, with rise in interconnect temperatures, compared with copper interconnects, coupled interconnects of SWCNT bundle filter more noise frequency components. Based on these comparative results, an improved model for extracting inter‐bundle, real life, coupling capacitances between SWCNT bundles has been proposed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
When extraordinary injustice leads to ordinary response: How perpetrator power and size of an injustice event affect bystander efficacy and collective action
Authors: Glasford Demis E. , Pratto Felicia 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAlthough bystanders can play an integral role in the process of social change, relatively few studies have examined the factors that influence bystander collective action. The present research explores the effect of perpetrator power on bystander efficacy and collective action, as well as the moderating role of impact of the injustice event. Across two experiments, bystanders perceived that collective action would be less effective and were less willing to engage in collective action when a high‐power perpetrator engaged in injustice, compared with a low‐power perpetrator. These effects were moderated by impact of the injustice event, such that the effects of power were especially present under conditions of large impact (many victims), compared with small impact (fewer victims). Whereas the effect of the interaction of perpetrator power and impact on bystander efficacy was explained by perceptions of normativity of the injustice event, the effect of the interaction on bystander collective action was explained by bystander efficacy. Implications for bystander collective action and social change are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polychlorinated biphenyl congener distributions in burbot: Evidence for a latitude effect
Authors: Stapanian Martin A. , Madenjian Charles P. , Cott Peter A. , Rediske Richard R. , O'Keefe James P. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

The authors compared the distributions of the congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) detected in whole-body samples of burbot (Lota lota) from Great Slave Lake and Lake Erie. Total PCB concentrations in Great Slave Lake burbot were about one-sixtieth of the concentrations in Lake Erie burbot. Burbot from Great Slave Lake contained a higher proportion of lower-chlorinated (2–6 chlorines) congeners than did burbot from Lake Erie; the reverse occurred for more highly chlorinated (7–9 chlorines) congeners. Hexachloro congeners, followed by pentachloro congeners, dominated the proportions of total PCBs in burbot from both lakes. There were no differences between sexes in whole-body samples or between gonad and somatic tissues in the proportions of the 39 congeners and 3 sets of coeluters detected in burbot from Great Slave Lake. In contrast, there were distinct sex differences in congener distributions for older burbot from Lake Erie. The results generally supported a prediction of higher proportions of lower-chlorinated PCB homologs in organisms in remote polar areas. However, the latitudinal effect on PCB congener distribution may be more complex than that portrayed in previous studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2448–2454. © 2014 SETAC
Self‐aggregation of amphiphilic [60]fullerenyl focal point functionalized PAMAM dendrons into pseudodendrimers: DNA binding involving dendriplex formation
Authors: Hung Cheng‐Hsiang , Chang Wen‐Wei , Liu Ssu‐Ching , Wu Shang‐Jung , Chu Chih‐Chien , Tsai Ya‐Ju , Imae Toyoko 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this research, we successfully performed a “click” synthesis of amphiphilic poly(amido amine) dendron‐bearing fullerenyl conjugate (C60G1) using a copper(I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The strong hydrophobicity of the C60 moiety induces self‐assembly of C60G1 into core–shell‐like “pseudodendrimers” with a uniform size distribution and positively charged peripherals. The pseudodendrimers were well‐characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. On the basis of electrostatic interactions, the polycationic C60G1 assembly can serve as a nonviral gene vector. An ethidium bromide displacement assay and agarose gel electrophoresis both indicated that C60G1 assembly forms stable complexes with the cyclic reporter gene (pEGFP‐C1) at low nitrogen‐to‐phosphorous (N/P) ratios. AFM analysis revealed a dynamic complex‐formation process, and confirmed the synthesis of C60G1/pEGFP‐C1 hybrids with a particle dimensions less than 200 nm. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry revealed that 51% of HeLa and 43% of MCF‐7 cells are positive to the YOYO‐1‐labeled hybrids at an N/P ratio of 2, being comparable to TurboFect‐mediated delivery. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1595–1604, 2015.
Assessment of the effect of ofatumumab on cardiac repolarization
Authors: Jewell Roxanne C. , Laubscher Kevin , Lewis Eric , Fang Lei , Gafoor Zarina , Carey Jodi , McKeown Astrid , West Sarah , Wright Oliver , Sedoti Donna , Dixon Iestyn , Hottenstein Charles Scott , Chan Geoffrey 
Published: August 2014

AbstractOfatumumab is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to a unique CD20 epitope on the surface of B lymphocytes, resulting in efficient lysis of CD20‐expressing cells via complement‐dependent cytotoxicity and antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. The potential effect of ofatumumab on cardiac repolarization and the relationship between ofatumumab concentration and change in corrected QT interval (ΔQTcF) were evaluated in data from three clinical trials in 82 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia receiving ofatumumab alone (n = 14), ofatumumab with chemotherapy (n = 33), and chemotherapy alone (n = 35). Because of ofatumumab accumulation, baseline QTcF interval was recorded prior to the first infusion for each patient. No patient had a post‐baseline QTcF interval >480 milliseconds or a ΔQTcF >60 milliseconds; five patients (four on ofatumumab) had a ΔQTcF between 30 and 60 milliseconds. At cycle 6 (week 21; 308 μg/mL), there was an increase in QTcF in patients on ofatumumab treatment, with an estimated between‐treatment difference (90% CI) of 12.5 (4.5, 20.5) milliseconds. However, at the visit with the highest median concentration (week 8; 1386 μg/mL), median ΔQTcF was 4.8 milliseconds. There was no significant relationship between ofatumumab plasma concentration and ΔQTcF. Ofatumumab did not have a clinically significant effect on cardiac repolarization.
South African Serial Homicide: Offender and Victim Demographics and Crime Scene Actions
Authors: Salfati C. Gabrielle , Labuschagne Gerard N. , Horning Amber M. , Sorochinski Marina , De Wet Jackie 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThere is an abundance of literature on serial homicide from a Western perspective that outlines operational definitions, types of offenders and how they prey upon their victims. However, currently, there is a lack of studies that compare serial homicide in different countries. The current study aims to give an overview of the demographics of serial homicide offenders and victims in South Africa and compare these to the demographics of offenders and victims from other currently available empirical studies of other countries. The sample consisted of 33 out of the total 54 solved series in South Africa between 1936–2007, which includes a total of 33 offenders, 302 victims, and 254 crime scenes. Results of the sample as a whole showed that South African serial homicide offenders are similar to offenders in other countries in terms of their actions at the crime scene and victim choice, with some notable exceptions. Additional analysis looked at the offender's consistency of targeting certain types of victims across their homicide series in comparison with the patterns of serial homicide offenders in other countries. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
South African Serial Homicide: Consistency in Victim Types and Crime Scene Actions Across Series
Authors: Salfati C. Gabrielle , Horning Amber M. , Sorochinski Marina , Labuschagne Gerard N. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractKey to understanding the significance of behavioural evidence for linkage purposes is in establishing how consistently an offender displays the same or similar behaviours across their series. There have however to date been very few studies aiming at identifying salient components of offending behaviour that can be used reliably for linking individual crimes as part of a single series. In addition, studies that have been conducted have all dealt with serial homicide in the Western world and have been based on small samples of cases from each country. Some of the recent literature has started to disentangle some of these salient features, notably the victim, violence levels, control, and planning. The current study focused on evaluating the consistency of these features across series, using a sample of serial homicides from South Africa consisting of 30 offenders with a total of 283 victims and 235 crime scenes. Results indicate that the level of interaction with the victim may be influential to the stability or instability of offending patterns across the series. How offenders approach planning in their offence also showed a certain degree of consistency, with patterns of violence being the least consistent across the series of all components tested. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patient‐based radiographic exposure factor selection: a systematic review
Authors: Ching William , Robinson John , McEntee Mark 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIntroductionDigital technology has wider exposure latitude and post‐processing algorithms which can mask the evidence of underexposure and overexposure. Underexposure produces noisy, grainy images which can impede diagnosis and overexposure results in a greater radiation dose to the patient. These exposure errors can result from inaccurate adjustment of exposure factors in response to changes in patient thickness. This study aims to identify all published radiographic exposure adaptation systems which have been, or are being, used in general radiography and discuss their applicability to digital systems.MethodsStudies in EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and SCOPUS were systematically reviewed. Some of the search terms used were exposure adaptation, exposure selection, exposure technique, 25% rule, 15% rule, DuPont™ Bit System and radiography. A manual journal‐specific search was also conducted in The Radiographer and Radiologic Technology. Studies were included if they demonstrated a system of altering exposure factors to compensate for variations in patients for general radiography. Studies were excluded if they focused on finding optimal exposures for an ‘average’ patient or focused on the relationship between exposure factors and dose.ResultsThe database search uncovered 11 articles and the journal‐specific search uncovered 13 articles discussing systems of exposure adaptation. They can be categorised as simple one‐step guidelines, comprehensive charts and computer programs.ConclusionOnly two papers assessed the efficacy of exposure adjustment systems. No literature compares the efficacy of exposure adaptations system for film/screen radiography with digital radiography technology nor is there literature on a digital specific exposure adaptation system.
Enteric glial cells: New players in Parkinson's disease?
Authors: Clairembault Thomas , Leclair‐Visonneau Laurène , Neunlist Michel , Derkinderen Pascal 
Published: August 2014

AbstractLewy pathology has been described in neurons of the enteric nervous system in nearly all Parkinson's disease (PD) patients at autopsy. The enteric nervous system not only contains a variety of functionally distinct enteric neurons but also harbors a prominent component of glial cells, the so‐called enteric glial cells, which, like astrocytes of the central nervous system, contribute to support, protect, and maintain the neural network. A growing body of evidence supports a role for enteric glial cells in the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and chronic constipation. We have recently shown that enteric glial cell dysfunction occurs in PD. In the present review, we discuss the possible implications of enteric glia in PD‐related gut dysfunction as well as in disease initiation and development. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society