bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Super Trawler Scuppered in Australian Fisheries Management Reform
Authors: Tracey Sean , Buxton Colin , Gardner Caleb , Green Bridget , Hartmann Klaas , Haward Marcus , Jabour Julia , Lyle Jeremy , McDonald Jan 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
In response to an intense social media campaign led by international conservation groups, Green politicians, and recreational fishers, the Australian government imposed a moratorium on the operations of a large factory trawler. This moratorium overrode the government's own independent fisheries management process by making amendments to its key environmental legislation just days prior to the commencement of fishing by this vessel. Concurrently, the government announced a comprehensive review of Australia's fisheries management legislation. Whereas science is usually deployed in support of conservation in natural resource conflicts, in this case science-based fisheries management advice took a back seat to vociferous protest by interest groups, perpetuated by the media (in particular social media), ultimately culminating in a contentious political decision.
RESUMEN
En respuesta a las intensas campañas de los medios sociales, dirigidas por grupos de conservación internacionales, políticos de tendencia verde y pescadores recreativos, el gobierno australiano impuso una moratoria a las operaciones de un mega-barco arrastrero. Esta moratoria ignora el proceso de manejo pesquero desarrollado de forma independiente por el propio gobierno, modificando la legislación ambiental días previos a que la embarcación comenzara sus actividades de pesca. Actualmente, el gobierno anunció que se haría una revisión exhaustiva de la legislación de manejo de las pesquerías australianas. Si bien la ciencia se utiliza con frecuencia para apoyar la conservación de los conflictos concernientes a los recursos naturales, en este caso, las recomendaciones de manejo basadas en evidencia científica fueron relegadas por protestas vociferantes de grupos de posición y perpetuadas por los medios (particularmente por los medios sociales), culminando finalmente en una decisión política.
Coral recruitment: the critical role of early post-settlement survival
Authors: Martinez Stephane , Abelson Avigdor 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Martinez, S., and Abelson, A. 2013. Coral recruitment: the critical role of early post-settlement survival. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: . Coral recruitment is a pivotal factor in coral reef stability and in recovery following substantial disturbances. Despite its immense importance, the study of coral recruitment has some major gaps, notably larval survival before and following settlement, mainly due to technical limitations, which stem from the difficulty in observing the minute larvae. To overcome the major limitation in coral recruitment studies, i.e. the in situ detection of recruits during their early stages, we designed a new detection set-up, composed of a fluorescence detection set-up, a grid-covered substrate, and a Geographic Information System tracking system. This set-up, enabling the identification of coral recruits soon after settlement, revealed that in the critical period of the first day, less than 45% of the settling corals may survive. The results also suggest that either coral larva select locations that may increase their survival chances or they experience dramatic mortality during the early hours of settlement, which induce a consistent pattern of spat distribution. Our study confirms an earlier speculation that the first 24 h post-settlement may determine the rates and spatial patterns of recruitment. The significant implications of these findings, and the implemented “detection set-up” for coral reef monitoring and management, are discussed.
Incorporating density dependence in pup production in a stock assessment of NE Atlantic spurdog Squalus acanthias
Authors: De Oliveira José A. A. , Ellis James R. , Dobby Helen 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
De Oliveira, J. A. A., Ellis, J. R., and Dobby, H. 2013. Incorporating density dependence in pup production in a stock assessment of NE Atlantic spurdog Squalus acanthias. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: . An age- and sex-structured stock assessment model for Northeast Atlantic spurdog Squalus acanthias is presented that includes length-based processes, such as maturation, pup production, growth, and gear selectivity, with a length-at-age relationship to convert length to age. It relates pup production functionally to numbers of pregnant females, allowing for density-dependent effects. The model was fitted to a combined Scottish groundfish survey biomass index, to proportion-by-length category data from both trawl surveys and commercial catch sampling from target and non-target fisheries, and to fecundity data. The model was run from 1905 to better reflect virgin conditions and to allow early fecundity data to be fitted in order to estimate the extent of density dependence in pup production. The model estimated 2010 population levels to be about 23% relative to 1955 and 19% relative to 1905. Results confirm that the stock is depleted, but not to the extent estimated in a previous assessment. Current estimates of depletion would support an IUCN listing of “Endangered”, but not “Critically Endangered”. Model projections showed that a TAC of 1422 t (the last non-zero TAC) would allow future population growth.
TQM implementation in developing countries
Authors: Abusa Fuzi M. , Gibson Peter 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent of total quality management (TQM) implementation in Libyan manufacturing companies (LMCs), and evaluates the impact of ISO 9000, and company size on its implementation.Design/methodology/approachA framework, comprised of six TQM elements is proposed. Data was collected by means of a survey questionnaire distributed to those companies which agreed to participate.FindingsThe results are the responses of a comprehensive survey which showed that Libyan companies are still struggling to effectively embark on TQM. The correlations among the six investigated TQM elements were positive and significant. This study also investigated whether the level of TQM implementation is influenced by contextual factors, including company size and ISO 9000 certification. It was found that there were no differences between TQM elements across ISO and non‐ISO certified companies. The findings also revealed that there is no significant difference between small and medium (S&M)‐sized companies (on each of the TQM elements) and those of large companies.Research limitations/implicationsA longitudinal and wider research is required to investigate TQM implementation across private manufacturing and other companies.Originality/valueThis analytical study is the first to determine the degree to which TQM has been adopted in the Libyan industrial sector (LIS). The results will contribute to the literature by examining the relationship between the proposed TQM elements, and investigating the impact of contextual factors (ISO 9000, company size) on each element of TQM. This research should prove valuable for the Libyan Government in its stated efforts to motivate companies to embark on a TQM program and improve their business performance which, in turn, will improve the Libyan economy.
Classifying Greek banks based on Bank Ranking Index (BRI)
Authors: Mavri Maria 
Published: August 2013

PurposeIn the situation of financial crisis, the performance of banking and financial institutions is considered to be important for a country's economy. The purpose of this paper is to develop an index, called the “Bank Ranking Index” (BRI), which classifies banks in a descending order.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes the BRI, which is based on a set of quantitative indicators representing, the financial market, the bank's financial identity and its infrastructure and classifies banks in a descending order. Cluster analysis is also used in order to compare the results of the above classification.FindingsThe index is implied in a representative sample of 16 Greek banks. The results indicate that through the proposed approach the banks can improve their efficiency and their overall performance in order to satisfy customers' needs in a more efficient way.Practical implicationsThe paper seeks the proposed index as a benchmarking tool, which could be valuable to the bank's management team in order to plan and configure its strategy of development.Originality/valueBased on banks' characteristics and on financial data the paper introduce a simple index, the BRI, based on which the paper assess the performance of a bank institution.
Exploring the relationship between efficiency and profitability
Authors: Keramidou Ioanna , Mimis Angelos , Fotinopoulou Aikaterini , Tassis Chrisanthos D. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the relationship between efficiency and profitability by using data from Greek meat processing companies over the period 1994‐2007.Design/methodology/approachThe relationship of efficiency and profitability is studied, by applying a new performance decomposition model. This method is capable of making valid and consistent inferences about the performance of a two‐stage production system, as well as the main sources of inefficiencies within a company.FindingsA poor performance over the study period is observed in the sample companies. The low performance is mainly due to the low profitability. The results do not confirm the existence of a positive strong correlation between efficiency and profitability. The companies that have the capability of producing their products with the best practices are not always capable of generating the maximum profits.Practical implicationsThe need for the improvement of performance has two aspects: first, it is a demand for the effective use of resources, and simultaneously, it is an urgent requirement for the generation of profits. According to the study findings, the long‐term survival of firms in our sample seems to require adopting mainly profitability‐enhancing strategies.Originality/valueThis paper provides one of the first evaluations of performance focusing on efficiency and profitability, by applying an innovative performance decomposition approach that has not yet been applied in Greek industries.
Failure mechanism of solder bubbles in PCB vias during high‐temperature assembly
Authors: Chen Yuanming , He Wei , Zhou Guoyun , Tao Zhihua , Wang Yang , Luo Daojun 
Published: August 2013

PurposePb‐free soldering challenged printed circuit board (PCB) assembly with high temperature. The purpose of this paper is to explain the failure mechanism of printed circuit board (PCB) assembly with solder bubbles of vias to avoid the problems of via‐drilling defects and solder joint failure.Design/methodology/approachThe failure of PCB vias with solder bubbles was investigated through cross sections and SEM microstructure inspection, TMA measurement, moisture absorption analysis and DSC measurement. The moisture absorption and CTE of FR4 laminate matched with manufacturing requirement to avoid the effects of solder bubbles. The effects of via drilling with a dull drill bit were compared to that with a new drill bit.FindingsThe moisture absorbed inside holes of via plating layers could be exposed to induce solder bubbles during Pb‐free soldering assembly and dull drill bits should be prevented during the drilling process to avoid the no‐bearing drilling effects.Originality/valueThe failure of PCB vias is not only involved in the voiding in solder joints but manufacturing processes of PCB. The paper designs an approach to analyse the properties of PCB materials and the drilling effects of vias to find out the mechanism resulting in solder bubbles of vias. The problem of drill bits should be considered to prevent the moisture absorbed in drilling vias with defects.
Preparation and performances of coated and aluminous entry boards with endothermic and lubricant resins for PCB drilling
Authors: Zhou Hu , Xun Ruiping , Liu Qingquan , Wu Peng 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a new entry board for drilling holes on the PCBs, superior in heat removal effect, lubricating effect and hole locating effect in forming holes, resulting in an excellent process of forming holes with a high quality.Design/methodology/approachWith the mixture of PEG, PEO and adhesive used as endothermic and lubricant resins and aluminium foils used as baseplates, a series of coated and aluminous entry boards (CABs) for PCB drilling were successfully prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe the surface appearance of the entry boards. The endothermic and lubricant effect of the resin applied on the CABs was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing microscope (POM). Moreover, the CABs' good drilling properties were tested when they were used for PCB drilling.FindingsFrom the result of SEM analysis, it was found that compared to the common aluminium foil, the surfaces of the CABs were smoother and flatter, which could improve the hole location accuracy and reduce the drill breakage. By means of the DSC and POM, the endothermic and lubricant effect of the CABs was proved. The crystalline substances (PEG and PEO) in coated resin could absorb the heat of the drill bit from heat generation and lubricate it through the phase transition of they own when a hole was being made, which could give high‐quality holes with good production efficiency. The drilling tests showed that due to the endothermic and lubricant resins, the CABs were superior to the common aluminium foil, not only in hole location accuracy, but also in hole wall quality and protection of a drill bit.Originality/valueThis paper has a remarkably high industrial practicality in the PCB manufacture process.
Structural behaviour of concrete columns under natural fires
Authors: Gernay Thomas , Salah Dimia Mohamed 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe paper aims to give an insight into the behaviour of reinforced concrete columns during and after the cooling phase of a fire. The study is based on numerical simulations as these tools are frequently used in structural engineering. As the reliability of numerical analysis largely depends on the validity of the constitutive models, the development of a concrete model suitable for natural fire analysis is addressed in the study.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proposes theoretical considerations supported by numerical examples to discuss the capabilities and limitations of different classes of concrete models and eventually to develop a new concrete model that meets the requirements in case of natural fire analysis. Then, the study performs numerical simulations of concrete columns subjected to natural fire using the new concrete model. A parametric analysis allows for determining the main factors that affect the structural behaviour in cooling.FindingsFailure of concrete columns during and after the cooling phase of a fire is a possible event. The most critical situations with respect to delayed failure arise for short fires and for columns with low slenderness or massive sections. The concrete model used in the simulations is of prime importance and the use of the Eurocode model would lead to unsafe results.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for the assessment of the fire resistance of concrete elements in a performance‐based environment.Originality/valueThe paper provides original information about the risk of structural collapse during cooling.
Gender, diversity and migration – challenges to Nordic welfare, gender politics and research
Authors: Siim Birte 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe aim of the article is to discuss the challenges from immigration to Nordic (gender) politics, theories and research. The research question is to what extent Nordic welfare and gender equality politics is based on exclusive solidarity biased towards the native majorities. A key issue is how Nordic gender theory and research has addressed multiple inequalities. The article briefly revisits the academic debates about gender equality, diversity and multiculturalism, which arguably represent two different paradigms: multicultural approaches have addressed the accommodation of minorities with diversity as the key concept, while feminist approaches have focused on gender (in)equality with gender as the key concept.Design/methodology/approachThe intersectional approach suggests that increased migration and mobility present similar challenges for the two bodies of thought to address complex and multiple inequalities within and beyond the nation state. The main part explores “the multicultural dilemma” in greater detail focusing on the intersections between gender and etho‐national minorities in Denmark, Norway and Sweden.FindingsPerceptions of diversity and gender equality/women's rights are contextual and dynamic as intersecting diversities and inequalities are embedded in national histories, institutions and policies. Scholars have demonstrated that the discourse about women's rights and gender equality has become an intrinsic part of Nordic identities and belongings. The article suggests that the new forms of inequalities among women can be interpreted as a Nordic gender equality paradox between the relative inclusion of the native majority women and the relative marginalization of women from diverse ethnic minorities in society.Originality/valueThe intersectionality approach to gender and ethnicity in Scandinavia is in this article combined with a transnational approach to gender, diversity and migration.
“People like us”: experiencing difference in the working life of immigrant women
Authors: Aygören Huriye , Wilińska Monika 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe main aim of this article is to research the lived experience of difference. In this article, the authors are interested in the field of working life in the context of entrepreneurship among Turkish women in Sweden.Design/methodology/approachThe article is based on the stories of two immigrant women entrepreneurs who reflect upon their experience of working life in the context of migration to Sweden. These two stories provide a ground for a discussion regarding the responding to and re‐making of difference by individual subjects. The authors’ analysis is grounded in discursive approaches to narratives, particularly in the positioning analysis.FindingsIn their discussion, the authors focus on the field of work to discuss the changing conditions that affect and are affected by particular constructions of difference in a migration context. In this, the authors present how difference is experienced and put into use differently by the individuals, even under very similar descriptive categories of difference.Originality/valueThis article contributes with an experiential account of difference. It favors the notion of lived experiences within the intersecting structures in the analysis of complex interactions between structures, agents, times and spaces. It demonstrates the importance of attending to spatial, temporal, structural and subjective dimensions of difference.
“Psychopolitics” at work: the subjective turn in labour and the question of feminization
Authors: Rau Alexandra 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship between recent transformations of labour and corresponding predictions made to gender equity. It reflects in particular the German discussion on the subjective turn in labour, termed as subjectivation of work, and the diagnosis of a feminization of gainful labour work given in this context, by focusing on the governing of the psyche.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is both a theoretical reflection as well as a presentation of empirical findings. It refers to Foucault's concept of governmentality, thereby considering “psychopolitics” as a new type of power, and taking it as an approach for qualitative empirical research. The empirical findings are based on narrative biographical interviews with female and male employees working in the ICT sector.FindingsDue to an under‐elaborated conception of the subject (and its interrelation to power), the diagnosis of a subjectivation of work as a feminization of work is inadequate and misleading. Instead, the empirical analysis gives evidence to the argument that the feminization of work turns out as a (re)masculinization of life and existence.Originality/valueBy drawing on considerations within governmentality studies, the concept of “psychopolitics” offers a new and fruitful approach for research, implying also a dynamic concept of the subject. The empirical analysis provides new insights on the discussion on the issue of gender equity within the realm of gainful work.
Working hard with gender
Authors: Smith Louisa 
Published: August 2013

PurposeManual trades and information technology (IT) are male‐dominated occupations and as such cultivate unique forms of hegemonic masculinity. Women entering these occupations represent a kind of crisis to this gender order in the workplace, making the experiences of these women a useful way of studying how gender regimes are maintained and may be challenged at work. The aim of this paper is to examine how women found doing gender in the male dominated workplaces became a kind of work in itself.Design/methodology/approachA life history framework was used for this research, in which 15 women from manual trades and 15 women from IT occupations were interviewed. The in‐depth qualitative method allowed the participants the time and space to communicate the contradictions they experienced doing their gender and doing their gender at work.FindingsThe effort expended because the participants were women and because they were a minority was experienced both as an intense pressure and as significant to their success in their occupations. This indicates that gendered work outside of the formal duties of a job makes the work of those in a gender minority particularly strenuous. This understanding of gender at work as work is important to understanding how efforts to address gender equity in workplaces must work beyond quotas and policy and also address embodied gendered cultures.Originality/valueWhile women working in male dominated cultures are often studied in terms of the challenges they face, from this research these challenges are framed as a kind of gendered work in itself. This work is often invisible, usually emotion work and mostly unrecognised. Highlighting the nature of this gendered labour and the pressures it places on women in male dominated work reframes what it means to work and the importance of these invisible forms of labour to maintaining successful production relations.