bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservation of Amelogenin Gene Expression During Tetrapod Evolution
Authors: ASSARAF‐WEILL NATHALIE , GASSE BARBARA , AL‐HASHIMI NAWFAL , DELGADO SIDNEY , SIRE JEAN‐YVES , DAVIT‐BÉAL TIPHAINE 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWell studied in mammals, amelogenesis is less known at the molecular level in reptiles and amphibians. In the course of extensive studies of enamel matrix protein (EMP) evolution in tetrapods, we look for correlation between changes in protein sequences and temporospatial protein gene expression during amelogenesis, using an evo‐devo approach. Our target is the major EMP, amelogenin (AMEL) that plays a crucial role in enamel structure. We focused here our attention to an amphibian, the salamander Pleurodeles waltl. RNAs were extracted from the lower jaws of a juvenile P. waltl and the complete AMEL sequence was obtained using PCR and RACE PCR. The alignment of P. waltl AMEL with other tetrapodan (frogs, reptiles and mammals) sequences revealed residue conservation in the N‐ and C‐terminal regions, and a highly variable central region. Using sense and anti‐sense probes synthetized from the P. waltl AMEL sequence, we performed in situ hybridization on sections during amelogenesis in larvae, juveniles, and adults. We demonstrated that (i) AMEL expression was always found to be restricted to ameloblasts, (ii) the expression pattern was conserved through ontogeny, even in larvae where enameloid is present in addition to enamel, and (iii) the processes are similar to those described in lizards and mammals. These findings indicate that high variations in the central region of AMEL have not modified its temporospatial expression during amelogenesis for 360 million years of tetrapod evolution. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 320B:200–209, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evolutionary morphology of the hemolymph vascular system in hermit and king crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomala)
Authors: Keiler Jonas , Richter Stefan , Wirkner Christian S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe morphological transformation of hermit crabs into crab‐like king crabs in the evolution of decapod crustaceans represents a remarkable case of carcinization or evolutionary shaping into a crab‐like form. In this study, we focus on internal organs such as the hemolymph vascular system and adjacent anatomical structures of several Recent hermit crab (Paguridae) and king crab (Lithodidae) species. There are various correspondences in the morphology of the arterial systems in the dorsal cephalothorax of the two taxa, especially with regard to the anterior aorta, anterior lateral arteries, and hepatic arteries. In the pleon, the posterior aorta in both taxa displays a proximal bifurcation and follows an asymmetrical course. The ventral vessel system, on the other hand, which mainly supplies the limbs, differs significantly between the taxa, with pagurids displaying the plesiomorphic condition. The pattern of the ventral vessel system in Lithodidae is influenced by morphological transformations of integumental structures during carcinization. One of these transformations was the broadening of the sternites, which resulted in a widening of the space between the endosternites. In addition, changes in the morphology of the endophragmal skeleton in Lithodidae led to an increase in the potential for intraspecific variability and interspecific variation in the arterial branching pattern. J. Morphol., 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Association of the CT values of real‐time PCR of viral upper respiratory tract infection with clinical severity, Kenya
Authors: Fuller James A. , Njenga M. Kariuki , Bigogo Godfrey , Aura Barrack , Ope Maurice O. , Nderitu Leonard , Wakhule Lilian , Erdman Dean D. , Breiman Robert F. , Feikin Daniel R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) assay of the upper respiratory tract is used increasingly to diagnose lower respiratory tract infections. The cycle threshold (CT) values of qRT‐PCR are continuous, semi‐quantitative measurements of viral load, although interpretation of diagnostic qRT‐PCR results are often categorized as positive, indeterminate, or negative, obscuring potentially useful clinical interpretation of CT values. From 2008 to 2010, naso/oropharyngeal swabs were collected from outpatients with influenza‐like illness, inpatients with severe respiratory illness, and asymptomatic controls in rural Kenya. CT values of positive specimens (i.e., CT values < 40.0) were compared by clinical severity category for five viruses using Mann–Whitney U‐test and logistic regression. Among children <5 years old we tested with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), inpatients had lower median CT values (27.2) than controls (35.8, P = 0.008) and outpatients (34.7, P < 0.001). Among children and older patients infected with influenza virus, outpatients had the lowest median CT values (29.8 and 24.1, respectively) compared with controls (P = 0.193 for children, P < 0.001 for older participants) and inpatients (P = 0.009 for children, P < 0.001 for older participants). All differences remained significant in logistic regression when controlling for age, days since onset, and coinfection. CT values were similar for adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, and parainfluenza virus in all severity groups. In conclusion, the CT values from the qRT‐PCR of upper respiratory tract specimens were associated with clinical severity for some respiratory viruses. J. Med. Virol. 85:924–932, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High risk of cytomegalovirus infection following solid organ transplantation despite prophylactic therapy
Authors: Harvala Heli , Stewart Camilla , Muller Kate , Burns Sheila , Marson Lorna , MacGilchrist Alastair , Johannessen Ingolfur 
Published: March 2013

AbstractCytomegalovirus infection (CMV) in solid organ transplant recipients is a major clinical problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of CMV infection and its association with mortality during the first year after transplantation in a large solid organ transplant cohort at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh between January 2006 and April 2009. Data including the use of CMV prophylaxis, nature of CMV disease, treatment and deceased date (when appropriate) was collected retrospectively using hospital databases and patient notes for all transplanted patients with detectable CMV viraemia. The outcomes between recipients of kidney and liver transplants in the four CMV donor/recipient serostatus categories (D+R+, D−R−, D+R−, D−R+) were compared. A total of 428 individuals were included. Despite the administration of valganciclovir prophylaxis, CMV disease (syndrome or end‐organ involvement) was diagnosed within the year of transplantation in the D+R−‐group in 31.3% of liver and 19.2% of kidney recipients. All D+R− transplant recipients that received CMV‐prophylaxis presented with late‐onset CMV disease. Furthermore, the rate of CMV disease in the D+R+‐group was markedly higher in renal graft recipients compared to liver recipients (22% vs. 5%). The highest mortality was observed among the D+R+ liver and kidney graft recipients with CMV infection. The high incidence of late‐onset CMV disease in D+R− transplant recipients receiving CMV prophylaxis demonstrates that CMV disease remains an important problem after organ transplantation. Furthermore, the surprisingly high mortality in the D+R+‐transplant patients with CMV viraemia highlights the need for proactive monitoring of this group. J. Med. Virol. 85:893–898, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hospital‐based influenza surveillance in Korea: Hospital‐based influenza morbidity and mortality study group
Authors: Song Joon Young , Cheong Hee Jin , Choi Sung Hyuk , Baek Ji Hyeon , Han Seung Baik , Wie Seong‐Heon , So Byung Hak , Kim Hyo Youl , Kim Young Keun , Choi Won Suk , Moon Sung Woo , Lee Jacob , Kang Gu Hyun , Jeong Hye Won , Park Jung Soo , Kim Woo Joo 
Published: March 2013

AbstractInfluenza epidemics occur annually with variations in size and severity. Hospital‐based Influenza Morbidity & Mortality was established to monitor influenza epidemics and their severity, which is composed of two surveillance systems: emergency room‐based and inpatient‐based surveillance. Regarding emergency room‐based surveillance, influenza‐like illness index (influenza‐like illness cases per 1,000 emergency room‐visiting subjects), number of laboratory‐confirmed cases and the distribution of influenza types were estimated weekly. Inpatient‐based surveillance included monitoring for hospitalization, complications, and mortality. The emergency room influenza‐like illness index correlated well with the number of laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases, and showed a bimodal peak at Week 4 (179.2/1,000 emergency room visits) and Weeks 13‐14 (169.6/1,000 emergency room visits) of 2012. Influenza A was the predominant strain during the first epidemic peak, while influenza B was isolated exclusively during the second peak. In 2011–2012 season, the mean admission rate of emergency room‐visiting patients with influenza‐like illness was 16.3% without any increase over the epidemic period. Among the hospitalized patients with influenza, 33.6% (41 out of 122 patients) were accompanied by complications, and pneumonia (28.7%, 35 out of 122 patients) was the most common. Most fatal cases were caused by influenza A (96.2%) after the first epidemic peak. In conclusion, Hospital‐based Influenza Morbidity & Mortality was effective for monitoring the trends in circulating influenza activity concurrently with its severity. In the 2011–2012 season, the influenza epidemic persisted for a ≥5‐month period, with a bimodal peak of influenza A and B in sequence. Overall, influenza A was more severe than influenza B. J. Med. Virol. 85:910–917, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First description of Merkel Cell polyomavirus DNA detection in a patient with Stevens–Johnson syndrome
Authors: Maximova Natalia , Granzotto Marilena , Kiren Valentina , Zanon Davide , Comar Manola 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMerkel Cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), a ubiquitous DNA tumor virus, has been found to be associated with Merkel cell carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia while other associations are still being explored. MCPyV sequences have also been detected in normal tissues of tumor patients and in the blood of healthy donors. This report documents a new MCPyV association with the Stevens–Johnson syndrome, a rare immune‐modulated mucocutaneous process particularly associated with specific drugs and infective agents. A high MCPyV viral load was detected simultaneously in fluid from skin lesions (2.0 × 104 copies/ml) and in matched blood (7.4 × 105 copies/ml) from a young adult patient after bone marrow transplant for a relapsed T‐cell acute lymphatic leukaemia. MCPyV clearance concurred with the complete resolution of skin lesions after 5 days of cidofovir treatment. DNA sequencing classified the amplicons as the European/Italian MKL‐1 strain. Given its ubiquitous nature, MCPyV could account for part of Stevens–Johnson syndrome idiopathic cases. J. Med. Virol. 85:918–923, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Basement membrane molecule expression attendant to chondrogenesis by nucleus pulposus cells and mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Toh Wei Seong , Foldager Casper Bindzus , Olsen Bjorn Reino , Spector Myron 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an autologous cell source for nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue engineering and regeneration. Although studies have demonstrated the ability of MSCs to differentiate to NP‐like chondrocytic cells, few have comparatively studied the matrix synthesis and composition of the cartilaginous tissue formed in vitro from both cell types, particularly with respect to the expression of basement membrane (BM) molecules. The objective of this study was to evaluate chondrogenesis and expression of BM molecules, laminin and type IV collagen, in monolayer and in pellet cultures of caprine NP cells and MSCs. Both cell types demonstrated comparable levels of chondrogenesis, indicated by the percentage of chondrocytic cells, and the amounts of glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen. Laminin and type IV collagen were expressed intracellularly by NP cells and MSCs cultured in monolayer. During chondrogenesis in pellet cultures, the deposition of BM molecules in NP and MSC pellets followed an orderly spatiotemporal shift in pattern from a diffuse territorial and interterritorial distribution to a defined pericellular localization, as seen in normal adult NP. These results inform the use of MSCs for NP regeneration and suggest the possible involvement of certain BM molecules in chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1136–1143, 2013
Survival and recurrence free benefits with different lymphadenectomy for resectable gastric cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Jiang Lei , Yang Ke‐Hu , Guan Quan‐Lin , Zhao Peng , Chen Yan , Tian Jin‐Hui 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the present meta‐analysis was to estimate the magnitude of survival and recurrence free benefits from different lymphadenectomy in patients with resectable gastric cancer.MethodsA comprehensive search was performed for original studies published from their inception to 2012. Two reviewers independently assessed search results, methodological quality, and data extraction of included studies. Results regarding the overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) in the meta‐analysis were expressed as hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsTwelve randomized control trials (RCTs) were eligible for final meta‐analysis. There was not significant difference in OS between D1 and D2 lymphadenectomy (HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.77–1.10, P = 0.36), but subgroup analysis of patients without splenectomy and/or pancreatectomy has a trend for OS much more benefiting D2 compared to D1 patients. A significant RFS improvement was found in favor of D2 lymphadenectomy, sensitivity analysis also gives similar fixed effect estimates (HR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.58–0.81, P = 0.84). There were no significant differences in OS and RFS between D2 group and D3 group (1 trial).ConclusionsThe present meta‐analysis indicates that D2 lymphadenectomy with spleen and pancreas preservation offers the most survival benefit for patients with gastric cancer when done safety. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:807–814. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coupled finite‐element simulation of injection well testing in unconsolidated oil sands reservoir
Authors: Xu Bin , Wong Ron C.K. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents a finite‐element (FE) model for simulating injection well testing in unconsolidated oil sands reservoir. In injection well testing, the bottom‐hole pressure (BHP) is monitored during the injection and shut‐in period. The flow characteristics of a reservoir can be determined from transient BHP data using conventional reservoir or well‐testing analysis. However, conventional reservoir or well‐testing analysis does not consider geomechanics coupling effects. This simplified assumption has limitations when applied to unconsolidated (uncemented) oil sands reservoirs because oil sands deform and dilate subjected to pressure variation. In addition, hydraulic fracturing may occur in unconsolidated oil sands when high water injection rate is used. This research is motivated in numerical modeling of injection well testing in unconsolidated oil sands reservoir considering the geomechanics coupling effects including hydraulic fracturing. To simulate the strong anisotropy in mechanical and hydraulic behaviour of unconsolidated oil sands induced by fluid injection in injection well testing, a nonlinear stress‐dependent poro‐elasto‐plastic constitutive model together with a strain‐induced anisotropic permeability model are formulated and implemented into a 3D FE simulator. The 3D FE model is used to history match the BHP response measured from an injection well in an oil sands reservoir. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Two Procedures for Anterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse
Authors: Minassian Vatche A. , Parekh Mitesh , Poplawsky Deborah , Gorman Jennifer , Litzy Louise 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo compare success rates between anterior colporrhaphy and abdominal paravaginal defect repair for treatment of anterior vaginal wall prolapse.MethodsThis was a prospective randomized controlled trial comparing anterior colporrhaphy plus polyglactin 910 mesh (vaginal) to paravaginal defect repair (abdominal) in women with symptomatic anterior vaginal wall prolapse. Pelvic organ prolapse quantification staging (POP‐Q), pelvic floor distress inventory, pelvic floor impact questionnaire, and pelvic organ prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual questionnaires were administered pre and post‐operatively. Women were followed up to 2 years. The primary outcome was anterior POP‐Q stage, with failure defined as ≥stage II.ResultsWe enrolled 70 patients, 35 in each group. Demographic and most peri‐operative characteristics were similar between the groups. Mean anterior vaginal wall prolapse repair time (39 min) was shorter for vaginal versus abdominal repair (60 min; P < 0.001), with more concurrent hysterectomies in the vaginal (71%) versus abdominal group (42%), P = 0.01. At 2 years, objective failure rates for the vaginal and abdominal groups were 32% and 40%, respectively, P = 0.56. Subjective failure rates were lower and similar for both groups. Patient satisfaction rates were 88% for the vaginal and 73% for the abdominal group, P = 0.11. Quality of life questionnaires showed significant improvement from baseline but no difference between the groups (P = 0.12).ConclusionsAt 2 years follow‐up, anterior colporrhaphy with polyglactin 910 mesh and abdominal paravaginal defect repair have similar success rates, with most objective failures being asymptomatic. Neurourol. Urodynam. 33:72–77, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stroke with intracranial stenosis is associated with increased platelet activation in sickle cell anemia
Authors: Majumdar Suvankar , Webb Samantha , Norcross Erin , Mannam Venkat , Ahmad Naveed , Lirette Seth , Iyer Rathi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundOvert stroke in sickle cell anemia (SCA) is associated with intracranial stenosis and thrombus formation. Platelet activation is critical for thrombus formation.ProcedurePlatelet activation studies were performed in 50 subjects: 18 SCA patients with history of stroke or abnormal transcranial Doppler (TCD) and intracranial stenosis seen by magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA), 7 SCA patients with history of stroke or abnormal TCD but no intracranial stenosis, 13 SCA patients with no history of stroke or abnormal TCD, and 12 healthy African‐Americans.ResultsOf the 18 patients with intracranial stenosis, 11 (61%) had evidence of the moyo‐moya phenomenon on MRA. SCA children with intracranial stenosis had a significantly greater total white cell count compared to both healthy African‐American controls and SCA patients in the steady‐state (P < 0.001). In addition, SCA patients with history of stroke or abnormal TCD had a significantly higher platelet count compared to healthy African‐American controls (P < 0.002). The percentage of platelet surface P‐selectin expression was significantly greater in patients with intracranial stenosis compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), particularly in individuals that did not have the moya‐moya phenomenon seen on MRA.ConclusionStroke with intracranial stenosis is associated with increased platelet activation in sickle cell anemia, and further investigation is needed on the role of anti‐platelet agents in this high‐risk population. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 1192–1197. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A study of molecular weight regulation in polyethylene by titanium diolate catalysts
Authors: Mehta Akshay , Tembe Gopal , Parikh Parimal , Mehta Girish 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA series of homogeneous titanium(IV) complexes derived from cyclohexanediol were synthesized and characterized. These catalysts, formulated as [Ti–(O∩O)(OR)2], [Ti–(O∩O)OPriCl] and [Ti–(O∩O)2], were found to be highly active in the polymerization of ethylene at high temperature in combination with ethylaluminium sesquichloride (Et3Al2Cl3, EASC) as co‐catalyst. The resultant polyethylene had a low polydispersity index indicating the formation of single‐site catalytic species with molecular weight in the range 639–1036 g mol−1 which was analysed using 1H NMR spectroscopy and found to be linear, suggesting that a chain transfer to the aluminium of EASC occurs. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Hairy fluorescent nanoparticles from one‐pot click chemistry and atom transfer radical emulsion polymerization
Authors: Yao Fang , Yan Guan‐Cang , Xu Li‐Qun , Fu Guo‐Dong , Yin Li‐Hong , Pu Yue‐Pu , Kang En‐Tang 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWell‐defined hairy and crosslinked fluorescent nanoparticles with diameters in the range 70–220 nm were obtained from simultaneous copper‐catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) and atom transfer radical emulsion polymerization (ATREP) of a mixture of styrene, divinylbenzene, 4‐vinylbenzylazide and 7‐propinyloxycoumarin (Cr), using bromide‐terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as macroinitiator, Tween‐20 as emulsifier, copper(I) bromide as catalyst and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine as ligand. The generation of biocompatible PEG brushes and the introduction of fluorescent functionalities as well as crosslinking of nanoparticles were realized in one step. In order to verify that functionalization and propagation of polymer chains could be realized in a controlled manner by one‐pot simultaneous ATREP and CuAAC, linear block copolymers of PEG and polystyrene (PS) with partially clicked pendent Cr groups (PEG‐b‐(PS‐c‐Cr)) were synthesized. All prepared PEG‐b‐(PS‐c‐Cr) copolymers had a controlled molecular weight and defined molecular structure. The hairy fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit a low cytotoxicity and could find applications in cell labeling. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Hybrid ionic/covalent polymer networks derived from functional imidazolium ionomers
Authors: Ozvald Adam , Scott Parent J. , Whitney Ralph A. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTA new class of ionomers is described wherein ion‐pairs bear reactive functionality, thereby facilitating further chemical modification. Halide displacement from brominated poly(isobutylene‐co‐isoprene) by 1‐vinylimidazole is used to prepare ionomer derivatives that can be crosslinked by radical oligiomerization of pendant vinyl groups. The resulting thermosets contain a labile network of imidazolium bromide ion‐pair aggregates as well as a stable covalent network. As a result of their hybrid ionic/covalent composition, these thermoset elastomers provide a unique combination of rheological, tensile and stress relaxation properties that cannot be achieved from conventional covalent or ionic networks. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2438–2444