bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integracija Kvantitativne In Kvalitativne Metodologije V Raziskavah V Zdravstvu: Sistematična Pregledna Študija / Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Methodology in Health Science Research: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zurc Joca 
Published: July 2013

Izvleček
Izhodišča: Priljubljenost integracije kvantitativne in kvalitativne metodologije v isti raziskavi je neverjetno narasla v zadnjih letih. Nimamo pa veliko podatkov o uspešnosti njihove uporabe v raziskovalni praksi na področju zdravstva. Namen te raziskave je bil analizirati področja, osrednje raziskovalne tematike, vrste raziskovalnih načrtov, uspešnost uporabe in nadaljnja odprta vprašanja integracije metod v raziskavah v zdravstvu.
Metode: Raziskava temelji na sistematični pregledni študiji 25 znanstvenih člankov s področja zdravstva, ki so pri svojem raziskovanju uporabili integracijo metod. Vključitvena merila: izvirni znanstveni članek z uporabo in evalvacijo integracije metod, objavljen v obdobju julij 2006-julij 2011 v reviji z recenzijo, ki je vključena v mednarodne baze podatkov: WebSurvey Methodology, CINAHL, MEDLINE in PubMed.
Rezultati: Vseh 25 analiziranih raziskav je potrdilo uspešnost uporabe integracije metod v raziskavah v zdravstvu. Uporaba integracije metod je najpogostejša na področju zdravstvene nege (32%) in promocije zdravja (28%). Prevladuje zaporedni način izvedbe kvantitativne in kvalitativne faze raziskave (64,3%), pri čemer je prva faza v večini primerov dominantna (71,4%). Razmerje med kvantitativnim (57,2%) in kvalitativnim (42,8%) prioritetnim pristopom je uravnoteženo. Najpogosteje uporabljeni nameni integracije metod v raziskavah v zdravstvu so komplementarnost (57,1%), triangulacija (28,6%) in ekspanzija (14,3%).
Zaključki: Dobljene ugotovitve potrjujejo uporabnost integracije metod pri raziskovanju kompleksnih in manj raziskanih problematik v zdravstvu ter izkazujejo potrebe po nadaljnjih raziskovanjih, kot so: konceptualizacija integracije metod v posameznih disciplinah zdravstvenih ved, razvoj meril in standardov ocenjevanja kakovosti raziskav z integracijo metod ter razširitev uvedbe integracije metod v klinično prakso kot podpore pri razvoju na dokazih podprte prakse.
Assessing the utility of acoustic communication for wireless sensors deployed beneath ice sheets
Authors: Lishman Ben , Wadham Jemma , Drinkwater Bruce , Kendall J.-Michael , Burrow Steve , Hilton Geoff , Craddock Ian 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe environments underneath ice sheets are of high scientific interest. Wireless sensors offer the prospect of sustained, distributed remote sensing in the subglacial environment. Typically, wireless sensor networks use radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic communications, but these are highly attenuated in wet environments. In such environments, acoustic communications may be more power-efficient. Here we review the literature on acoustic and RF attenuation through ice and other relevant media, and present the results of new experiments on acoustic attenuation in glacial ice. Link budgets for communications from a range of subglacial environments show that acoustic communications are a viable strategy for transmission through water and ice where RF is too highly attenuated to be detected. Acoustic communication at 30 kHz is predicted to be possible through 1 km of glacial ice, using a 1 W transmitter. Such a strategy may be appropriate for shallow ice-stream environments around the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheet margins.
Seismic evidence of mechanically weak sediments underlying Russell Glacier, West Greenland
Authors: Dow C.F. , Hubbard A. , Booth A.D. , Doyle S.H. , Gusmeroli A. , Kulessa B. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAmplitude-versus-angle (AVA) analysis of a seismic reflection line, imaged 13 km from Russell Glacier terminus, near the western margin of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS), suggests the presence of sediment at the bed. The analysis was complicated by the lack of identifiable multiples in the data due to a highly irregular and crevassed ice surface, rendering deeper seismic returns noisy. A modified technique for AVA processing of glacial seismic data using forward modelling with primary reflection amplitudes and simulated multiple amplitudes is presented here. Our analysis demonstrates that AVA analysis can be applied to areas with noisy seismic returns and indicates that sediment underlies the seismic study site. Our data are inconsistent with the common assumption that the GrIS is underlain only by hard bedrock, but consistent with the presence of subglacial sediment with porosity between 30% and 40%. As analysis and modelling of ice-sheet dynamics requires a sound knowledge of the underlying basal materials, subglacial sediment should be taken into account when considering ice dynamics in this region of the GrIS.
‘Georods’: the development of a four-element geophone for improved seismic imaging of glaciers and ice sheets
Authors: Voigt Donald E. , Peters Leo E. , Anandakrishnan Sridhar 
Published: July 2013

AbstractActive seismic imaging of glaciers and ice sheets is important for constraining inputs to climate models, such as englacial ice fabric and the nature of the basal interface. However, acquiring high-quality seismic data is time-consuming and resource-intensive. Using traditional single-element geophones requires ideal weather conditions (e.g. light winds) and excellent source coupling. In addition, deploying and retrieving these geophones is slow and cumbersome. We have developed a four-element ‘georod’ that enhances signal levels by 20–30dB in a variety of conditions, including blowing snow and poorly coupled source detonations. The long, slender design of these georods makes them easy to deploy and retrieve, allowing researchers to acquire greater line-kilometers of seismic data during field campaigns that are commonly time-constrained.
Antarctica, Greenland and Gulf of Alaska land-ice evolution from an iterated GRACE global mascon solution
Authors: Luthcke Scott B. , Sabaka T.J. , Loomis B.D. , Arendt A.A. , McCarthy J.J. , Camp J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe have determined the ice mass evolution of the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets (AIS and GIS) and Gulf of Alaska (GOA) glaciers from a new GRACE global solution of equal-area surface mass concentration parcels (mascons) in equivalent height of water. The mascons were estimated directly from the reduction of the inter-satellite K-band range-rate (KBRR) observations, taking into account the full noise covariance, and formally iterating the solution. The new solution increases signal recovery while reducing the GRACE KBRR observation residuals. The mascons were estimated with 10 day and 1 arcdeg equal-area sampling, applying anisotropic constraints. An ensemble empirical mode decomposition adaptive filter was applied to the mascon time series to compute annual mass balances. The details and causes of the spatial and temporal variability of the land-ice regions studied are discussed. The estimated mass trend over the total GIS, AIS and GOA glaciers for the time period 1 December 2003 to 1 December 2010 is −380 ± 31 Gt a−1, equivalent to −1.05 ± 0.09 mm a−1 sea-level rise. Over the same time period we estimate the mass acceleration to be −41 ± 27 Gt a−2 , equivalent to a −0.11 ± 0.08 mm a−2 sea-level acceleration. The trends and accelerations are dependent on significant seasonal and annual balance anomalies.
Nutrition Changes in Conservatively Treated Patients with Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis
Authors: El-Sherbini Nevine , Duncan Neill , Hickson Mary , Johansson Lina , Brown Edwina A. 
Published: July 2013

Background Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS), a rare but serious complication of long-term PD, is characterized by nausea, abdominal pain, weight loss, anorexia, and constipation. It can cause a significant deterioration in a patient's nutrition status. In the present study we examined changes in nutrition status and outcomes for patients with EPS treated conservatively without the use of surgical intervention. Methods Patients diagnosed with EPS at our institution between December 2006 and December 2010 were identified, and data on demographics, nutrition, and symptoms were collected every 2 months for 12 months and then at 18 and 24 months. Results Of the 15 patients identified, 12 were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition according to their subjective global assessment score, with 11 of the 15 presenting with more than 10% weight loss in the 6 months before diagnosis. Furthermore, symptom burden was high, with 11 of 15 patients reporting 2 or more gastrointestinal symptoms. Of the 15 patients, 12 required parenteral nutrition for a median of 4.5 months, and 5 died within the first 12 months after diagnosis. In the 10 survivors, albumin and C-reactive protein significantly improved over the 24 months after diagnosis. Improving trends in weight and symptoms were also observed in those patients. Conclusions In some patients with EPS, a conservative approach without surgical intervention, and with regular dietetic input and aggressive nutrition support, can lead to improved nutrition status and symptoms.
Do Radiographic Joint Damage and Disease Activity Influence Functional Disability Through Different Mechanisms? Direct and Indirect Effects of Disease Activity in Established Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Nair Sandhya C. , Bijlsma Johannes W.J. , van der Werf Jacobien H. , van der Veen Maaike J. , Linn-Rasker Suzanne P. , Vreugdenhil Simone , Lafeber Floris P.J.G. , Welsing Paco M.J. 
Published: July 2013

Objective.To explore the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity and functional disability over time, considering indirect (predictive) and direct (concurrent) associations as well as the influence of radiographic joint damage and treatment strategy.Methods.Functional disability [Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)], disease activity [28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28)], and radiographic joint damage [Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS)] were measured in 4 consecutive randomized controlled trials with increasingly intensive (tight control) treatment strategies. Average followup time for the 3 cohorts was 97, 53, and 50 months, respectively. Next to current DAS28, the previous DAS28 was used to study the predictive effect of a change in DAS28 on progression of functional disability (HAQ). Finally, it was investigated whether SHS mediated the predictive effect of DAS28.Results.In patients treated with intensive treatment strategies, the progression of HAQ over time was statistically significantly less (p < 0.0001). The predictive influence of DAS28 on HAQ progression increased over the duration of the disease. SHS was not found to influence HAQ progression and did not mediate the predictive effect of DAS28. In the less intensively treated patients, the direct effect of disease activity decreased with disease duration, and contrarily, SHS did influence HAQ progression, but was not found to (fully) mediate the predictive effect of DAS28.Conclusion.In patients with RA treated with modern treatment strategies, there is less functional decline over time. Further, disease activity does predict functional decline but joint damage does not. This might indicate that factors associated with cumulative disease activity but not visible on radiographs can influence functional decline in patients with RA. This further underlines the importance of disease activity as a treatment target in early RA and in established RA.
Vitamin D Deficiency, Interleukin 17, and Vascular Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ranganathan Prabha , Khalatbari Shokoufeh , Yalavarthi Srilakshmi , Marder Wendy , Brook Robert , Kaplan Mariana J. 
Published: July 2013

Objective.Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) disease risk in the general population. We examined the association between vitamin D deficiency and CV risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.We measured large artery compliance by pulse wave velocity and microvascular function by the reactive hyperemia index in patients with stable RA (n = 87). We quantified CV risk factors, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and interleukin 17 (IL-17), and RA disease activity by Disease Activity Score of 28 joints. We used linear regression to test associations between serum 25(OH)D and CV risk factors.Results.The mean serum 25(OH)D level in the cohort was 27.1 ± SD 13.6 ng/ml. Fifty-nine patients (68%) were vitamin D-insufficient (25(OH)D < 30 ng/ml; mean 20.2 ± 5.9 ng/ml) and of these, 25 (29%) were vitamin D-deficient (25(OH)D < 20 ng/ml; mean 14.4 ± 3.4 ng/ml). In the whole cohort and the vitamin D-insufficient group, serum 25(OH)D was inversely associated with IL-17 (log IL-17; β = −0.83, p = 0.04; β = −0.63, p = 0.004, respectively) by univariate analysis, which persisted after adjustment for season, and in multivariate analysis after adjustment for confounders (log IL-17; β = −0.74, p = 0.04; β = −0.53, p = 0.02). In vitamin D-deficient patients, serum 25(OH)D was positively associated with microvascular function by univariate and multivariate analysis after adjustment for confounders (β = 2.1, p = 0.04; β = 2.7, p = 0.04).Conclusion.Vitamin D deficiency in RA may affect Th17 responses and microvascular function. Maintaining normal serum vitamin D levels may protect against IL-17-mediated inflammation and vascular dysfunction in RA.
Attack Rate of Chlamydia-induced Reactive Arthritis and Effect of the CCR5-Delta-32 Mutation: A Prospective Analysis
Authors: Carter John D. , Rehman Aasim , Guthrie Jason P. , Gerard Herve C. , Stanich Jessica , Hudson Alan P. 
Published: July 2013

Objective.Factors that predispose patients to Chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis (CiReA) are poorly defined. Data indirectly suggest chemokine receptor-5 (CCR5)-delta-32 mutation might play a role in CiReA. We investigated the attack rate of CiReA and we hypothesized that the CCR5-delta-32 allele may modulate disease susceptibility.Methods.Patients who tested positive for Chlamydia trachomatis after either (1) symptoms of an acute venereal disease or (2) sexual contact with an individual known to be positive for the same organism were followed in a prospective fashion. All patients were contacted at Week 6 after their acute infection and queried for symptoms of CiReA. Patients who had new-onset symptoms suggestive of CiReA were followed at Weeks 12, 26, and 52. All subjects were tested for CCR5-delta-32 mutation.Results.A total of 365 study participants were enrolled, with average age 24.4 years, 201 men (55%) and 164 women (45%). We followed up with 149 patients (41%) at Week 6. Twelve of 149 participants (8.1%) had symptoms suggestive of CiReA at Week 6. None of these 12 patients was positive for the CCR5-delta-32 mutation. Of the 12 patients that had symptoms at Week 6, we were able to follow up with 7 through Week 52. All 7 had complete resolution of their symptoms by Week 26. Overall, 25/365 (6.8%) subjects were positive for the CCR5-delta-32 mutation.Conclusion.The attack rate of CiReA in our study was higher than previously reported, but the CCR5-delta-32 mutation does not seem to play a role in CiReA disease susceptibility.
A Questionnaire Using the Modified 2010 American College of Rheumatology Criteria for Fibromyalgia: Specificity and Sensitivity in Clinical Practice
Authors: Ferrari Robert , Russell Anthony S. 
Published: July 2013

Objective.To determine the specificity and sensitivity of the Modified 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia (given as a self-administered questionnaire) in clinical practice.Methods.A cohort of patients with widespread pain, referred by primary care physicians to rheumatologists, completed the questionnaire for the Modified ACR 2010 criteria. Prior to completion of the questionnaire, patients were diagnosed by at least 1 rheumatologist as either having fibromyalgia (FM) or not having FM, using the rheumatologist’s clinical assessment as the gold standard for diagnosis of FM. The Modified ACR 2010 criteria were then applied to determine whether a diagnosis of FM was satisfied by the criteria. Sensitivity and specificity were determined, using the rheumatologist’s clinical assessment as the gold standard. A score ≥ 12 on the Modified ACR 2010 criteria questionnaire was also tested as the criterion to satisfy a diagnosis of FM, and subsequently to determine sensitivity and specificity. We examined the effect of using a cutoff score ≥ 13, as previous research indicated that this may be a more useful cutoff value.Results.A total of 451 subjects completed the questionnaire: 174 with an a priori diagnosis of FM by a rheumatologist and 277 with widespread pain who did not have an a priori clinical diagnosis of FM by a rheumatologist. The Modified ACR 2010 criteria were satisfied by 90.2% of patients with an a priori diagnosis of FM, and by 10.5% of subjects who had widespread pain, but were not diagnosed with FM when previously assessed by a rheumatologist. Thus, sensitivity and specificity are 90.2% and 89.5%, respectively, using the Modified ACR 2010 criteria. A score ≥ 12 on the Modified ACR 2010 criteria was observed in 97.4% of patients with an a priori diagnosis of FM, and 14.8% of subjects who had widespread pain, but were not diagnosed with FM when previously assessed by a rheumatologist. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity are 97.4% and 85.2%, respectively, using a cutoff score ≥ 12. Using a score of ≥ 13, however, the sensitivity was 93.1% and the specificity was 91.7%.Conclusion.The Modified ACR 2010 criteria questionnaire can be used in primary care as a tool to assist physicians in the diagnosis of FM with high specificity and sensitivity. Calculating the total score on a Modified ACR 2010 criteria questionnaire, and setting the value of ≥ 13 as the cutoff for a diagnosis of FM appears to be the most effective approach. The Modified ACR 2010 criteria may reduce the need for rheumatology referral simply for the diagnosis of FM.
Modèles coopératifs émergents
Authors: Nghiem Thanh 
Published: July 2013

Les pratiques coopératives qui émergent sur Internet ou dans les lieux qui cherchent à démocratiser les nouvelles technologies vont-ils pouvoir transformer nos modes de vie ? Le partage et le recyclage qui étaient des pratiques de proximité ancestrales redeviennent désirables face à la crise climatique et écologique. Le logiciel libre a ouvert la voie d’une éthique open source et de transmission des innovations qui s’étend au monde matériel.
Séduction et dépendance marchande
Authors: Pharo Patrick 
Published: July 2013

Cet article est consacré au rôle des plaisirs et récompenses dans l’expérience des dépendances addictives ou pratiques – la dépendance marchande constituant un cas intermédiaire. Le texte donne quelques exemples des affinités électives entre une motivation naturelle à consommer et user des plaisirs et l’extension du profit marchand à la vie privée et affective. Il montre aussi comment la gloire du marché, issue de quelques élites, peut alimenter les rêves ordinaires de belle vie. Contrairement cependant à la thèse pessimiste d’une corruption marchande généralisée du regard de soi-même sur soi-même, le texte conclut en faveur d’une autonomie des sources morales de grandissement interne et d’auto-sublimation.
Implications and Management of Suction Loss During Refractive Lenticule Extraction (ReLEx)
Authors: Sharma Ratnesh , Vaddavalli Pravin Krishna 
Published: July 2013

PURPOSE:
To describe a case in which the ReLEx procedure was abandoned following suction loss on two occasions due to an uncooperative patient.

METHODS:
Case report with anterior segment optical coherence tomography and aberrometry changes before and after surgery.

RESULTS:
Lamellar haze was present but diminished in the early postoperative period. The patient successfully underwent a femtosecond LASIK procedure in the same eye 2 months later.

CONCLUSIONS:
This case demonstrates the possibility of performing femtosecond LASIK after failed ReLEx, with good visual outcomes.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(7):502–503.]
Antigen-Free Adjuvant Assists Late Effector CD4 T Cells To Transit to Memory in Lymphopenic Hosts
Authors: Guloglu F. Betul , Ellis Jason S. , Wan Xiaoxiao , Dhakal Mermagya , Hoeman Christine M. , Cascio Jason A. , Zaghouani Habib 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe events controlling the transition of T cells from effector to memory remain largely undefined. Many models have been put forth to account for the origin of memory precursors, but for CD4 T cells initial studies reported that memory T cells derive from IFN-γ–nonproducing effectors, whereas others suggested that memory emanates from highly activated IFN-γ–producing effectors. In this study, using cell proliferation, expression of activation markers, and production of IFN-γ as a measure of activation, we defined two types of effector CD4 T cells and investigated memory generation. The moderately activated early effectors readily transit to memory, whereas the highly activated late effectors, regardless of their IFN-γ production, develop minimal memory. Boosting with Ag-free adjuvant, however, rescues late effectors from cell death and sustains both survival and IFN-γ cytokine responses in lymphopenic hosts. The adjuvant-mediated memory transition of late effectors involves the function of TLRs, most notably TLR9. These findings uncover the mechanism by which late effector CD4 T cells are driven to transit to memory and suggest that timely boosts with adjuvant may enhance vaccine efficacy.
IL-16 Induces Intestinal Inflammation via PepT1 Upregulation in a Pufferfish Model: New Insights into the Molecular Mechanism of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Wang Ping , Lu Yi-qi , Wen Yi , Yu Dai-yong , Ge Liang , Dong Wei-ren , Xiang Li-xin , Shao Jian-zhong 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has long been a worldwide health care problem with a persistently increasing incidence. Although its clinical features have been well described, its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. IL-16 is a chemoattractant cytokine with various effects on cellular activities and diseases. However, the involvement of IL-16 in IBD remains poorly understood. In this study, to our knowledge we report for the first time the mechanism by which IL-16 induces intestinal inflammation by upregulating the expression of oligopeptide transporter member 1 (PepT1) in a Tetraodon nigroviridis fish model. The dextran sodium sulfate–induced colitis model in this species revealed that IL-16 levels significantly increase accompanied by elevations in PepT1 in the colon. Moreover, the signs of colitis were dramatically attenuated by IL-16 depletion using anti–IL-16 Abs. In vivo IL-16 administration induced remarkable intestinal inflammation with typical ulcerative colitis–like features, including histologic damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, increased myeloperoxidase activity, and proinflammatory cytokines expression, which corresponded with significant PepT1 upregulation in the colon. The IL-16–induced PepT1 expression and its upregulated fMLF transport were also demonstrated in vitro. To our knowledge, our study provides the first evidence of the connection between IL-16 and PepT1, which provides new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying IBD development. Additionally, this study suggests that fish species are an attractive model for studying IBD. By providing a better understanding of IL-16 biology from fish to mammals, this study should aid the development of IL-16–based therapies for IBD.