bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report on the Search Futures Workshop at ECIR 2024
Authors: Azzopardi Leif , Clarke Charles L. A. , Kantor Paul , Mitra Bhaskar , Trippas Johanne R. , Ren Zhaochun , Aliannejadi Mohammad , Arabzadeh Negar , Chandrasekar Raman , de Rijke Maarten , Eustratiadis Panagiotis , Hersh William , Huang Jin , Kanoulas Evangelos , Kareem Jasmin , Li Yongkang , Lupart Simon , Mekonnen Kidist Amde , Roegiest Adam , Soboroff Ian , Silvestri Fabrizio , Verberne Suzan , Vos David , Yang Eugene , Zhao Yuyue 
Published: August 2024

The First Search Futures Workshop, in conjunction with the
Fourty-sixth European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR)
2024, looked into the future of search to ask questions such as:

• How can we harness the power of generative AI to enhance, improve and re-imagine Information Retrieval (IR)?
• What are the principles and fundamental rights that the field of Information Retrieval should strive to uphold?
• How can we build trustworthy IR systems in light of Large Language Models and their ability to generate content at super human speeds?
• What new applications and affordances does generative AI offer and enable, and can we go back to the future, and do what we only dreamed of previously?
The workshop started with seventeen lightning talks from a diverse set speakers. Instead of conventional paper presentations, the lightning talks provided a rapid and concise overview of ideas, allowing speakers to share critical points or novel concepts quickly. This format was designed to encourage discussion and introduce a wide range of topics within a short period, thereby maximising the exchange of ideas and ensuring that participants could gain insights into various future search areas without the deep dive typically required in longer presentations. This report, co-authored by the workshop's organisers and its participants, summarises the talks and discussions. This report aims to provide the broader IR community with the insights and ideas discussed and debated during the workshop - and to provide a platform for future discussion.

Date
: 24 March 2024.

Website
: https://searchfutures.github.io/.
Genotype-Directed Synthetic Cytotoxicity of ATR Inhibition with Radiotherapy
Authors: Ng Victor , Sinha Sonali , Novaj Ardijana , Ma Jennifer , McDermott Niamh , Pei Xin , Longhini Ana Leda F. , Grimsley Helen , Gardner Rui , Rosen Ezra , Powell Simon N. , Pareja Fresia , Mandelker Diana , Khan Atif , Setton Jeremy , Roulston Anne , Morris Stephen , Koehler Maria , Lee Nancy , Reis-Filho Jorge , Riaz Nadeem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
The importance of the DNA damage response in mediating effects of radiotherapy (RT) has galvanized efforts to target this pathway with radiosensitizers. Yet early clinical trials of this approach have failed to yield a benefit in unselected populations. We hypothesized that ataxia–telangiectasia mutated (Atm)–null tumors would demonstrate genotype-specific synergy between RT and an inhibitor of the DNA damage response protein ataxia–telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase.

Experimental Design:
We investigated the synergistic potential of the ATR inhibitor (ATRi) RP-3500 and RT in two Atm-null and isogenic murine models, both in vitro and in vivo. Staining of γ-H2AX foci, characterization of the immune response via flow cytometry, and tumor rechallenge experiments were performed to elucidate the mechanism of interaction. To examine genotype specificity, we tested the interaction of ATRi and RT in a Brca1-null model. Finally, patients with advanced cancer with ATM alterations were enrolled in a phase I/II clinical trial to validate preclinical findings.

Results:
Synergy between RP-3500 and RT was confirmed in Atm-null lines in vitro, characterized by an accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. In vivo, Atm-null tumor models had higher rates of durable control with RT and ATRi than controls. In contrast, there was no synergy in tumors lacking Brca1. Analysis of the immunologic response indicated that efficacy is largely mediated by cell-intrinsic mechanisms. Lastly, early results from our clinical trial showed complete responses in patients.

Conclusions:
Genotype-directed radiosensitization with ATRi and RT can unleash significant therapeutic benefit and could represent a novel approach to develop more effective combinatorial synthetic cytotoxic RT-based treatments.
See related commentary by Schrank and Colbert, p. 5505
Dissecting Out a Rare Mutation, STAT: Features of STAT3-Mutant Myeloid Neoplasms
Authors: Hochman Michael J. , Frank David A. 
Published: August 2024

Summary
The transcription factor STAT3 drives the expression of genes promoting cellular proliferation, survival, and pluripotency. The description of STAT3 mutations and their clinical correlates in myeloid neoplasms, such as acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, raises new insights into both the pathogenesis and the targeted therapy of these diseases.
See related article by Ye et al., p. 4681
Race and Sex Differences in the Association of Bystander CPR for Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Chan Paul S. , Girotra Saket , Blewer Audrey , Kennedy Kevin F. , McNally Bryan F. , Benoit Justin L. , Starks Monique A. ,   the CARES Surveillance Group
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is associated with higher survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but whether its association with survival differs by patients’ sex and race and ethnicity is less clear.

METHODS:
Within a large US registry, we identified 623 342 nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrests during 2013 to 2022 for this observational cohort study. Using hierarchical logistic regression, we examined whether there was a differential association between bystander CPR and survival outcomes by patients’ sex and race and ethnicity, overall and by neighborhood strata.

RESULTS:

Mean age was 62.1±17.1 years, and 35.9% were women. Nearly half of patients (49.8%) were non-Hispanic White; 20.6% were non-Hispanic Black; 7.3% were Hispanic; 2.9% were Asian; and 0.4% were Native American. Overall, 58 098 (9.3%) survived to hospital discharge. Although bystander CPR was associated with higher survival in each race and ethnicity group, the association of bystander CPR compared with patients without bystander CPR in each racial and ethnic group was highest in individuals who were White (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.33 [95% CI, 1.30–1.37]) and Native American (adjusted OR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.02–1.90]) and lowest in individuals who were Black (adjusted OR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.04–1.14];
P
interaction
<0.001). The adjusted OR for bystander CPR compared with those without bystander CPR for Hispanic patients was 1.29 (95% CI, 1.20–1.139), for Asian patients, it was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.12–1.42), and for those of unknown race, it was 1.31 (95% CI, 1.25–1.36). Similarly, bystander CPR was associated with higher survival in both sexes, but its association with survival was higher in men (adjusted OR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.31–1.38]) than women (adjusted OR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.12–1.19];
P
interaction
<0.001). The weaker association of bystander CPR in Black individuals and women was consistent across neighborhood race and ethnicity and income strata. Similar results were observed for the outcome of survival without severe neurological deficits.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although bystander CPR was associated with higher survival in all patients, its association with survival was weakest for Black individuals and women with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
On the Religious and the Secular in Nineteenth-Century Buganda
Authors: Zoanni Tyler 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The case of nineteenth-century Buganda opens up a number of assumptions within scholarship about religion, secularity, and politics in African history. Although much scholarship focuses on European colonizers introduced alien categories such as religion and imposed distinctions between religion and politics, this paper foregrounds a different set of historical transformations in what is now Uganda – transformations that ultimately increased rather than diminished connections between the exercise of political power and markedly religious convictions. Along the way, it locates some of the most important pieces of this story in ‘the precolonial’. This allows the paper to trace the emergence of the category of religion, as well as analyze the sense in which it is meaningful to think of precolonial Buganda as secular at a particular moment. In so doing, the paper puts an African story in dialogue with wider conversations on the secular.
Towards an African Theology of the Lord’s Supper that is more than a Miracle Meal
Authors: Amarkwei Charles 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Lord’s Supper is viewed as a miracle meal by African Pentecostals. However, it is suggested that a miracle notion only partly conveys the meaning embedded in the Lord’s Supper. The study adds that the Lord’s Supper is a symbolic ritual that involves spiritual and mystical participation in God’s economy by grace through faith in Jesus Christ in the Spirit. Admission to the Lord’s Supper should be based on faith in Jesus Christ and a preparation process that includes instruction, baptism, confirmation, and regular penitential prayer such as the ‘speaking’. The essay argues that infants can partake in the Lord’s Supper based on the faith of their parents or guardians, while children of responsible age can participate if they go through the confirmation rite. The discussion covers church governance principles and suggests that limiting the covenantal rights of offending members is just insofar as the church remains an ethical institution.
Can a Missional Ecclesiology Be Sacramental?
Authors: Worthen Jeremy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
‘Missional’ accounts of ecclesiology, developed in the light of the theology of missio Dei since the 1950s, include some that carry a sacramental emphasis, treating the dominical sacraments as primary for the church’s being and also recognized continuity in the ordering of ministry as integral to this sacramental identity. Nonetheless, continuing tensions are evident in the literature on missional ecclesiology and in controversies around church policy and practice. One factor here is an underlying contrast between an approach that locates the church’s participation in the missio Dei in its action towards the world and another that puts the weight instead on its sustaining a distinctive form of being-in-relationship. Treating the relation between gospel, communication and communion as the critical theological framework for articulating the church’s participation in the missio Dei, the article proposes that this can support an ecclesiology that, constructively addressing this contrast, is both thoroughly missional and deeply sacramental.
All Things Summed Up Into Christ: On the Christological Impetus of Lesslie Newbigin’s Missional-ecumenical Project
Authors: van Driel Edwin Chr. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This essay unearths the metaphor from the Epistle to the Ephesians of ‘all things summed up into Christ’ as a critical component of Lesslie Newbigin’s Christology. First, it shows that references to this image form an as yet undetected but consistent line of thought in Newbigin’s work. Second, it argues that the logic of Newbigin’s theological imaginary follows the logic embedded in the Ephesians metaphor. Third, it shows that detecting the particular shape of Newbigin’s Christology allows one to map his project onto wider Christological conversations, and it suggests that one most fruitfully reads him in the context of a supralapsarian Christological approach. Finally, it argues that read in this way, Newbigin’s work can once again make a fresh contribution to the conversation as contemporary practitioners are looking for a new narrative to support their work in this missional era.
Cell Mergers, Boundary Interactions, and Convective Systems in Cases of Significant Tornadoes and Hail
Authors: Nixon Cameron J. , Allen John T. , Wilson Matthew B. , Bunkers Matthew J. , Taszarek Mateusz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Though discrete supercells are usually emphasized in severe weather forecasting, hazard production is often preceded by their interaction with external features. Past studies have examined the impacts of cell mergers, boundaries, other supercells, convective systems, etc. but usually in isolation. Here, we investigate 230 significant tornadoes, 246 significant hail events, and 191 null cases across the United States using WSR-88D data. We find that in over 90% of cases, supercells that produced significant hazards were accompanied by external features. These features varied between hazards; for example, hailstorms were more frequently near boundaries than tornadic storms. That said, the positions of these features with respect to the storm (and storm-relative inflow) distinguished between hazard potential and type. For example, tornadic storms were predominantly on the more unstable side of a boundary, while nontornadic storms and hailstorms were on the less unstable side. Similarly, tornadic storms had more cells in their rear flanks than forward flanks, while hailstorms had more cells in their forward flanks than rear flanks. Although these conditions were observed regardless of the background environment, they were affected by certain variables in the vertical profile, especially in tornadic cases. Namely, when storm-relative inflow was stronger and lifting condensation level (LCL) was lower, tornadic storms were accompanied by more rear-flank cells that were closer to the storm, more directly opposite the storm-relative inflow, for a longer period of time. We propose that these interactions likely modulate hazard potential, in ways that are not accounted for in traditional environmental parameter-based forecasting.
Compressive strength performance of 3D printed PLA/almond shell particles reinforced PLA multi-material composite
Authors: Saravanamuthukumar P. , Kaaviya J. , Palaniyappan Sabarinathan , Sivakumar Narain Kumar , Bodaghi Mahdi , Rahaman Mostafizur , Pandiaraj Saravanan 
Published: August 2024

The advent of 3D printing has revolutionized the manufacturing landscape, enabling the creation of intricate structures and personalized designs. The use of multi-material polymer composites in additive manufacturing has further expanded possibilities, offering enhanced mechanical properties and advanced functionalities. In the present study, PLA/Almond shell reinforced PLA (PLA/AmdPLA) multi-material composites were developed using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) method. The objective of this study is to develop the multi-material and optimize the 3D-Printing Parameters (3D-PP) with respect to Printing Speed (PS), Layer Height (LH), and Printing Temperature (PT), in order to maximize the compressive strength of the composites. The L16 Taguchi orthogonal array was established to systematically study the effects of the 3D-PP on the compressive strength. Through a series of experiments, varying the levels of each 3D-PP, data was collected and analyzed to determine the optimal 3D-PP settings. The results demonstrate that the PLA/AmdPLA multi-material composites achieved its maximum compressive strength when fabricated at a PS of 20 mm/sec, a LH of 0.1 mm, and a PT of 210°C. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the PS and LH significantly influenced the compressive strength, while the PT exhibited moderate effects. The regression analysis results indicate that the compression experiments conducted on the PLA/AmdPLA multi-material composites yielded an error percentage of 4.73%. This suggests a strong agreement between the predicted values obtained from the regression model and the actual experimental results which shows that the model has high accuracy. Therefore, these functional composite materials are recognized for their superior strength, lightweight properties, appealing aesthetics, and sustainable qualities in various consumer applications.
User Experiences With a Moderated Facebook Group to Promote Vaccination
Authors: Wysota Christina N. , Abroms Lorien C. , DeVarona Hanna , Koban Donald , Napolitano Melissa , Broniatowski David A. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose To examine user experiences in a moderated Facebook group intervention aimed at Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine promotion. Design Facebook group members were given 2-3 vaccination posts/day for 28 days (four weeks). Posts were aimed at educating about COVID-19 vaccination, soliciting concerns around COVID-19 vaccination, and engaging members. Participants were surveyed about their experience at four weeks. Setting Moderated Facebook group. Participants Unvaccinated individuals who were randomized to the intervention group and completed four week follow-up (N = 216, 82.1%). Method After four weeks, participants rated their experience in the Facebook group (eg, program satisfaction) and provided open-text responses about their satisfaction with the group. Free-text responses were dual coded and emergent themes were examined. Results On average, participants were 37.0 years old (SD = 10.3), majority female (70.9%), and white (79.7%). The majority of participants were satisfied with the group (76.7%), agreed that other people were friendly (M = 5.58/7), and felt safe discussing health information (M = 3.96/5). Open-text responses revealed that participants liked the program because they thought the information was useful (27.7%), other members were friendly (16.1%), and the group was a safe place (13.8%). While many responded that there was nothing they did not like about the program (37.6%), nearly one-third (31.9%) reported disliking the program because it appeared to be too much in favor of vaccination and because other members came across as rude (7.1%). Those with conservative political views were less likely to be satisfied with the group ( P = .04). Conclusion Facebook groups represent an acceptable way to engage participants to improve vaccination against COVID-19. Some aspects of the Facebook group could be improved for future iterations.
Pulmonary hypertension-related deaths in patients with acute pulmonary embolism in the United States, 2003 to 2020
Authors: Zuin Marco , Badagliacca Roberto , Harder Eileen , McGonagle Bridget , Greason Christie , Piazza Gregory 
Published: August 2024

Background: Data regarding the mortality trends in pulmonary embolism (PE)-related mortality in patients with concomitant pulmonary hypertension (PH) are lacking. We assessed the trends in PE-related mortality in patients with concomitant PH in the United States (US) over the past 2 decades and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) dataset. Methods: Mortality data were retrieved from the publicly available CDC WONDER mortality dataset from 2003 to 2020. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs), per 100,000 population, were assessed using Joinpoint regression modelling and expressed as estimated average annual percentage change (AAPC) with relative 95% CIs and stratified by urbanicity, sex, age, and race/ethnicity. Results: Over the study period, the AAMR for PE/PH-related mortality linearly increased (AAPC: +4.3% [95% CI: 3.7 to 4.9], p < 0.001) without sex differences. The AAMR increase was more pronounced in White individuals (AAPC: +4.8% [95% CI: 4.1 to 5.5], p < 0.001) and in subjects living in rural areas (AAPC: +5.1% [95% CI: 3.8 to 6.4], p < 0.001) compared to those living in urban areas. During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic there was a significant excess in PE/PH-related mortality among women, older than 65 years and living in rural areas. Conclusions: The rate of PE/PH-related mortality in the US is increasing. Although the early diagnosis of PH in patients with acute PE has become easier with improved diagnostic modalities, the mortality rate of these patients remains high.
Rhythmic musical intervention improves response time of memory tests: A pilot study on the application of a digital cognitive assessment
Authors: Hao Ziyu , Tran Joshua YS , Bat Baker KK , Yiu Karen KL , Chan Joyce YC , Tsoi Kelvin KF 
Published: August 2024

Background Memory complaints are the early symptoms of cognitive impairment, and they usually bring anxiety about cognitive deterioration among the elderly population. Musical interventions were demonstrated to relieve dementia symptoms. This pilot study investigated the potential benefits of rhythmic musical intervention, African drumming, on cognitive function and mood status with traditional and digital assessments for elderly participants. Method Participants were recruited through social media. The musical intervention was arranged by drumming instructors certified by the Hong Kong Association of African Drumming. Participants joined regular training classes with eight lessons, which covered rhythmic clapping and drumming, power control, and overall performance with songs. The inclusion criteria included the following: (1) age over 50; (2) self-reported complaints of memory loss; (3) the ability to use digital devices, such as a smartphone; and (4) can understand the content of questionnaires and follow the intervention schedules. Those with hearing impairment, failure to use Chinese, and active psychosis or dementia were excluded. Cognitive function was measured by the Hong Kong version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (HK-MoCA) and a digital platform, ScreenMat. Anxiety and depression levels were assessed by the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). All assessments were performed before and after the drumming classes. The outcomes were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test with 0.05 as the significance level. Result Twenty-two participants joined this study with an attendance rate of 90%. The overall cognitive function of the participants was good with an average score of 27 for HK-MoCA. After eight sessions of African drum intervention, the cognitive function did not show a significant improvement, but the response time of answering the digital cognitive questions was significantly faster than before the intervention (−39.9 s, p = 0.03). The response time for the short-term memory function was most significantly reduced (−13.5 s, p = 0.017). The anxiety and depression scores (i.e. STAI and GDS) also significantly improved ( p < 0.001) after the intervention. Conclusion Rhythmic musical intervention is not only effective in improving emotional status, but also potentially good for improving cognitive symptoms, including the response time of the memory test. Digital behavioral analysis may bring new insights for future research on cognitive assessment.