bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing individual vaccine preferences for COVID‐19 in the Sunyani Municipality, Ghana: An observational study using discrete choice experiment analysis
Authors: Gyasi Samuel Fosu , Kumi Williams , Kwofie Charles 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThere has been hesitancy among people with regard to accepting vaccines, especially that of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19). This hesitancy is aggravated by the different vaccine alternatives available and what one considers before choosing a particular vaccine. The aim of this article was to investigate some driving factors that can influence an individual's COVID‐19 vaccine preference in the presence of other alternatives, using some specific vaccine characteristics.MethodsDiscrete choice questionnaire was designed using the attributes and their corresponding levels to collect data on participants' preference for a COVID vaccine over a period of 12 Weeks in Sunyani, Ghana, with the help of an observational study design. A total of 150 participants receiving Covid‐19 vaccines at the University of Energy and Natural Resources Hospital were systematically selected and interviewed. Factors considered included: Efficacy of the vaccine, credibility of the manufacturing company, side effects of the vaccine, and availability of the vaccine. Data was analyzed using the conditional probit of the discrete choice experiment (DCE).ResultsResults from the study using the conditional probit of the discrete choice experiment (DCE) showed efficacy, side effects, and availability as significant attributes for preference. However, there was no preference with respect to the credibility of the manufacturing company. In addition, vaccine availability was not a dis‐utility in comparison to the alternatives that are readily available. This disutility was however higher among males than females.ConclusionFrom the study, most respondents preferred a COVID‐19 vaccine that is highly efficacious or a vaccine with milder side effect or a vaccine that may not necessarily be readily available. It was also observed that dis‐utility is higher among males when it comes to vaccine not being readily available than females as the odds of a female choosing a vaccine that is readily available is much higher compared to their males counterparts.
Recent advancements in flow control using plasma actuators and plasma vortex generators
Authors: Abdullah Md. , Galib Muhammad Taharat , Khan Md. Shawkut Ali , Rahman Tamanna , Hossain Md. Mosharrof 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlow‐control techniques have attracted significant attention in many scientific areas due to their ability to improve the effectiveness and regulate the flow of aerodynamic devices. This study explores the latest developments in flow‐control techniques, specifically concentrating on the cutting‐edge technologies of plasma vortex generators (PVGs) and actuators. By taking advantage of the ionization of gases or air, plasma actuators have become a viable method for modifying an object's aerodynamic properties without needing physical moving parts. These actuators create localized plasma discharges that interact with the surrounding flow to provide accurate separation control, boundary‐layer dynamics, and aerodynamic forces on aircraft wings, wind turbine blades, and other surfaces. PVG, which produce controlled vortical structures, offer a novel way to manipulate airflow with plasma actuators. These generators create swirling motions through plasma discharges that can be used in various technical applications, such as automotive, marine, and aviation, to modify boundary layers, reduce drag, and improve lift characteristics. This study offers an overview of recent work, focusing on the theoretical underpinnings, experimental validations, and practical applications of plasma‐based flow‐control technologies. Advances in plasma‐generating techniques, computational modeling approaches, and experimental configurations to optimize and comprehend the intricate fluid–structure interactions are covered in the debate. Moreover, the study delves into incorporating plasma‐based flow management into cars, renewable energy systems, and next‐generation aerospace designs, highlighting the possibility of increased agility, decreased emissions, and efficiency. It also discusses the difficulties and potential paths for developing these technologies further for use in business and industry, highlighting the necessity of dependable, scalable, and durable solutions. Finally, this study summarizes the most recent advancements in vortex generators and plasma actuators for flow control. It demonstrates how they have the power to revolutionize fluid dynamics and aerodynamics in a variety of engineering fields.
Human papillomavirus prevalence, genotype distribution, and prognostic factors of vaginal cancer
Authors: Tung Hsiu‐Jung , Wang You‐Chen , Lin Chiao‐Yun , Liao Min‐Jie , Pan Yu‐Bin , Jung Shih‐Ming , Wang Chun‐Chieh , Huang Huei‐Jean , Chao Angel , Chou Hung‐Hsueh , Chang Ting‐Chang , Yang Lan‐Yan , Lai Chyong‐Huey 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe aimed to investigate human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution and prognostic factors in vaginal cancer (VC). VC patients who received treatment between 1989 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. L1 general polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by HPV Blot (King Car, I‐Lan, Taiwan) and E6 type‐specific‐PCR were performed for genotyping firstly. P16 and p53 immunohistochemistry staining was performed. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified predictors of clinical outcomes.79 VC patients were eligible for analysis. 73 patients (92.4%) were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 6 (7.6%) as non‐SCC. The median follow‐up time was 134.3 months (range 0.9–273.4). Among nine initially HPV‐negative cases, seven were identified as being positive through HPV16/18/45/52/58 whole‐genome amplification followed by Sanger sequencing (WGASS). HPV DNA sequences were detected in 98.6% of SCC and 83.3% of non‐SCC, respectively, with HPV16 (49.4%), HPV52 (15.2%) and HPV58 (8.9%) being predominant. Patients with paraaortic lymph node (LN) metastasis had a 5‐year cancer‐specific survival (CSS) rate of 0%. Multivariate analysis revealed that only p16 and stage were significantly correlated with prognosis. Variables with strong correlations (p16‐ and HPV‐positivity, LN metastasis and stage), were included in models 2–5 alternatively. Stage III/IV (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.64–4.56) and LN metastasis (HR = 2.81–3.44) were significant negative predictors of CSS, whereas p16‐positivity (HR = 0.29–0.32) and HPV‐positivity (HR = 0.14) were related to better prognosis. In conclusion, 97.5% of VCs were HPV‐positive with WGASS. Stage III/IV and LN metastasis were significant negative predictors, whereas p16‐ and HPV‐positivity were significantly associated with better prognosis.
Enhancing the activation of T cells through anti‐CD3/CD28 magnetic beads by adjusting the antibody ratio
Authors: Chen Yinuo , Zhao Rui , Fan Qi , Liu Mengmeng , Huang Yonglin , Shi Guoqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe utilization of anti‐CD3/CD28 magnetic beads for T cell expansion in vitro has been investigated for adoptive cell transfer therapy. However, the impact of the CD3/CD28 antibody ratio on T cell differentiation and function remains incompletely elucidated. This study seeks to address this knowledge gap. To begin with, CD3 antibodies with a relatively low avidity for Jurkat cells (Kd = 13.55 nM) and CD28 antibodies with a relatively high avidity (Kd = 5.79 nM) were prepared. Afterwards, anti‐CD3/CD28 antibodies with different mass ratios were attached to magnetic beads to examine the impacts of different antibody ratios on T cell capture, and proliferation. The research demonstrated that the most significant expansion of T cells was stimulated by the anti‐CD3/CD28 magnetic beads with a mass ratio of 2:1 for CD3 antibodies and CD28 antibodies. Moreover, CD25 and PD1 expression of expanded T cells increased and then decreased, with lower CD25 and PD1 expression in the later stages of expansion indicating that T cells were not depleted. These T cells, which are massively expanded in vitro and have excellent expansion potential, can be infused back into the patient to treat tumor patients. This study shows that altering the ratio of anti‐CD3/CD28 antibodies can control the strength of T cell stimulation, thereby leading to the improvement of T cell activation. This discovery can be utilized as a guide for the creation of other T cell stimulation approaches, which is beneficial for the further development of tumor immunotherapy technology.
Differences in the approach to guideline‐directed medical therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: A survey of cardiologists, internists, and pharmacists
Authors: Alhashimi Lana , Cordwin David J. , Guidi Jessica , Hummel Scott L. , Koelling Todd M. , Dorsch Michael P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionGuideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) has significantly improved outcomes in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, GDMT prescribing remains suboptimal. The purpose of this study was to survey cardiologists, internists, and pharmacists on their approach to GDMT prescribing.MethodsA survey containing 20 clinical vignettes of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction was answered by 127 cardiologists, 68 internists, and 89 pharmacists. Each vignette presented options for adjusting GDMT. Responses were dichotomized to the answer of interest. A mixed‐effect model was used to calculate the odds of changing GDMT between pharmacists and physicians.ResultsPharmacists were more likely to make changes to GDMT compared with internists (92.1 vs. 82%; odds ratio [OR] 3.02 [1.50–6.06]; p = 0.002). In medically naïve patients, pharmacists were more likely to initiate beta‐blockers than internists (45.4 vs. 32.0%; OR 2.19 [1.00–4.79], p = 0.049). Pharmacists were more likely than both internists and cardiologists to initiate mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (34.4 vs. 11.5%; OR 4.95 [2.41–10.18]; p < 0.001 and 34.4 vs. 13.9%; OR 3.95 [2.16–7.21]; p < 0.001). Pharmacists were more likely than both internists and cardiologists to titrate beta‐blockers (30.9 vs. 16.4%; OR 3.15 [1.92–5.19]; p < 0.001 and 30.9 vs. 22.0%; OR 1.88 [0.18–2.87]; p = 0.0030). Pharmacists were more likely than internists to titrate angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitors (61.8 vs. 34.1%; OR 3.54 [1.50–8.39]; p = 0.004).ConclusionsThe survey results show pharmacists were more likely to make any adjustments to GDMT than internists and cardiologists. Pharmacists prefer adding spironolactone and titrating beta‐blockers compared with cardiologists and internists. Compared with only internists, pharmacists were more likely to initiate beta‐blockers and titrate the dose of angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor.
Endocrine disruption of adipose physiology: Screening in SGBS cells
Authors: Kucera Jan , Chalupova Zuzana , Wabitsch Martin , Bienertova‐Vasku Julie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe increasing use of industrial chemicals has raised concerns regarding exposure to endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which interfere with developmental, reproductive and metabolic processes. Of particular concern is their interaction with adipose tissue, a vital component of the endocrine system regulating metabolic and hormonal functions. The SGBS (Simpson Golabi Behmel Syndrome) cell line, a well‐established human‐relevant model for adipocyte research, closely mimics native adipocytes' properties. It responds to hormonal stimuli, undergoes adipogenesis and has been successfully used to study the impact of EDCs on adipose biology. In this study, we screened human exposure‐relevant doses of various EDCs on the SGBS cell line to investigate their effects on viability, lipid accumulation and adipogenesis‐related protein expression. Submicromolar doses were generally well tolerated; however, at higher doses, EDCs compromised cell viability, with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) showing the most pronounced effects. Intracellular lipid levels remained unaffected by EDCs, except for tributyltin (TBT), used as a positive control, which induced a significant increase. Analysis of adipogenesis‐related protein expression revealed several effects, including downregulation of fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4) by dibutyl phthalate, upregulation by CdCl2 and downregulation of perilipin 1 and FABP4 by perfluorooctanoic acid. Additionally, TBT induced dose‐dependent upregulation of C/EBPα, perilipin 1 and FABP4 protein expression. These findings underscore the importance of employing appropriate models to study EDC‐adipocyte interactions. Conclusions from this research could guide strategies to reduce the negative impacts of EDC exposure on adipose tissue.
Morpho‐molecular analyses and scanning electron microscopy reveal two new species of genus Lactarius from the northwestern Himalaya, India
Authors: Verma Komal , Singh Shiny , Uniyal Priyanka , Mehmood Tahir , Sharma Yash Pal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOne of the largest subgenera of the genus Lactarius, Lactarius subg. Russularia is abundant in the forests of the Himalayas. This article proposes Lactarius crassostipes sp. nov. and Lactarius flavocorpus sp. nov. under the L. subgenus Russularia. It includes comprehensive macro‐ and micro‐morphological descriptions, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs, drawings, and comparisons with related species. The taxa's novelty is validated using phylogenetic analyses based on nrITS.Research Highlights
SEM and subsequent nrITS‐based molecular phylogeny revealed two novel species (L. crassostipes and L. flavocorpus) of the genus Lactarius subg. Russularia.
To further characterize the size, form, and ornamentation of these novel species' basidiospores, SEM analysis is an additional tool.
In L. crassostipes “crasso” means thick and “stipes” indicates stipe. In contrast to L. flavocorpus, where “flavocorpus” refers to the golden yellow fruiting body, the name alludes to its unique thick stipe.
L. crassostipes sp. nov. and L. flavocorpus sp. nov have been collected from the coniferous and broad‐leaved forests of Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India, respectively.
The diagnostic characteristics, habit, habitat, and similarities to related species are given.
Satellite myoblast and mesenchymal stem cell injections decrease fatty degeneration after rotator cuff tear in rats
Authors: Yozgatli Tahir Koray , Gelenli Dolanbay Elif , Cingoz Tunca , Paksoy Ahmet Emre , Uslu Unal , Ovali Ercument , Kocaoglu Baris 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeRotator cuff (RC) tears cause fatty degeneration, aggravated by delayed treatment. Surgical repair alone cannot reverse fatty degeneration. It was aimed to test if local injections of satellite cell‐derived myoblasts or satellite myoblasts (SM) from the deltoid region and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the subcutaneous abdominal fat pad would stimulate myogenesis and decrease adipogenesis in the rat model of fatty degenerated RC tear.MethodsA standardized RC tear surgery was performed on both shoulders of 24 Wistar albino rats at t = 0, and rats were followed for 8 weeks to create a chronic degeneration model. The animals were randomly divided into repair + SM and MSC (n = 12) or repair only (n = 12) groups. Transosseous repair with or without stem cell‐based injection was performed on the right shoulder of all rats on week 8, with additional injections on weeks 9 and 10. The left shoulders were used as control. The animals were followed until week 14 for recovery.ResultsHistological and histomorphometric analyses were performed in week 14. The repair + SM and MSC group had a significantly greater supraspinatus muscle mass than the repair only and control groups. The adipose tissue ratio was significantly lower in the repair + SM and MSC groups versus the repair only and control groups.ConclusionHistologically, the repair + SM and MSC group had improved muscle and tendon organization. In treating chronically degenerated RC tear in a rat model, surgical repair combined with injections of SM and MSC improved fatty degeneration, tendon healing and myogenesis.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
No difference in postoperative patient satisfaction rates between mechanical and kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review
Authors: Khan Zainab‐Aqeel , Leica Alexandra , Sava Manuel‐Paul , Hirschmann Michael T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this systematic review was to compare patient satisfaction patient‐reported outcomes (PROMs) levels after mechanically aligned (MA) and kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsA systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Medline and Scopus to identify potentially relevant articles for this review, published from the beginning of March 2013 until the end of October 2023. Only articles reporting satisfaction after KA TKA, MA TKA or both were included, which use valid and reliable tools for the evaluation and reporting of satisfaction after TKA. Title, authors, year of publication, study design, level of evidence, follow‐up period, patients' demographic data, sample size, type of satisfaction score, postoperative satisfaction score, postoperative alignment, statistical significance, as well as other variables, were extracted for analysis. An Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's (AHRQ) design‐specific scale was used for assessing randomized control trials (RCTs). The nonrandomized control trials were evaluated by using the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tool. The Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) was also used to assess cohort studies, while case series were evaluated using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Case Series Studies.ResultsThe initial search identified 316 studies, of which 178 were considered for screening. Eleven studies completely fulfilled the inclusion criteria, including one RCT, five nonrandomized control trials/quasi‐experiments, three case series, and two cohort studies. The total number of patients recruited for MA TKA was 1740. Conversely, 497 patients were enrolled for KA TKA. Five studies used the visual analogue scale (VAS) for assessing postoperative patient satisfaction, four used the Knee Society Score (KSS) 2011 version and two Likert‐based types of scores. Overall, the highest mean satisfaction score of KSS 2011 was 31.5 ± 6.6 in the MA group, and 29.8 ± 80 in the KA group in four studies. All of them showed high postoperative patient satisfaction rates for both MA and KA TKA, but with no statistically significant difference between them (p > 0.05).ConclusionBoth mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty, as well as kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty led to high rates of postoperative patient satisfaction, with no statistically significant differences between them.Level of EvidenceLevel III, systematic review.
Comparison of early versus late addition of granulocyte and monocyte adsorption for incomplete remission induction in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Tominaga Keiichi , Kanazawa Mimari , Watanabe Shoko , Tanaka Takanao , Kojimahara Shunsuke , Masuyama Satoshi , Abe Keiichiro , Kanamori Akira , Yamamiya Akira , Sugaya Takeshi , Goda Kenichi , Fujita Yuji , Yoshihara Shigemi , Haruyama Yasuo , Irisawa Atsushi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and aimUlcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by repeated relapse and remission. Because no fundamental therapeutic strategy has been established, the treatment goal is generally to maintain the remission phase for a long period after rapid remission induction. Granulocyte and monocyte adsorption (GMA) for UC is reportedly quite safe because it does not affect immunosuppression. Moreover, it is useful in combination with other remission induction therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in efficacy by the timing of the addition of GMA with corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and anti‐cytokine therapy for active UC.MethodsThe study included 59 patients. Patients who started GMA of 5–11 days were in the early GMA combination group. Patients who started GMA 12 days or more were in the late GMA combination group. The primary endpoint was difference in the effect of additional GMA according to the timing of the intervention. The secondary endpoint was difference in the time to remission induction between the two groups.ResultsOf the 32 early GMA group patients, 24 achieved remission induction. Of the 27 late group patients, 18 achieved remission induction. No significant difference in induction rates was found (P = 0.481). The early group had shorter mean time to remission induction (P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn conclusion, results suggest that early addition of GMA might lead to earlier remission in patients who have had an inadequate response to remission induction therapy with corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and anti‐cytokine therapy.
A novel and convenient method for the synthesis of 1,2,4‐oxadiazole‐5‐thiones
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Soleymanie Saman , Sabzalipour Ali , Kazemi Foad , Fukaya Haruhiko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA novel and convenient method for the synthesis of 1,2,4‐oxadiazole‐5‐thiones with carbon disulfide as effective C=S source has been developed in a super basic condition. The presented method has a broad substrate scope, and various corresponding 1,2,4‐oxadiazole‐5‐thiones have been obtained in good to excellent yields. This method allows to the gram‐scale synthesis of products. Under similar conditions, synthesis of diazole thione benzothioamide derivative from p‐cyanobenzamidoxime with CS2 has been successfully achieved.
Impact of the East Asian subtropical jet on summer precipitation in China and its response to Atlantic sea surface temperature
Authors: Wang Mengyao , Wang Lijuan , Zeng Mingjian , Wu Haiying 
Published: July 2024

AbstractERA5 reanalysis data, precipitation data from China, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) monthly sea surface temperature (SST) data are used to analyse the impact of the meridional position of the East Asian subtropical jet (EASJ) on summer precipitation in China and its correlation with Atlantic SST. The results indicate that when the EASJ significantly shifts northward, the western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) weakens with an eastward displacement. Upper‐level convergence and moisture divergence, corresponding to descending motion, lead to decreased precipitation in the Yangtze River Valley (YRV). Meanwhile, upper‐level divergence occurs over South China (SC), the Hexi Corridor (HC), and Northeast China (NEC), where moisture converges and ascends, favouring an increase in precipitation. Conversely, when the EASJ undergoes a significant southward shift, the WNPSH strengthens and expands westward. Opposing atmospheric circulation patterns in these four regions result in reversed precipitation anomalies compared with those observed when the jet shifts northward. The meridional position of the EASJ is closely related to the summer subtropical Atlantic SST. The positive (negative) SST anomaly (SSTA) over the subtropical Atlantic induces negative (positive) geopotential height anomaly in the upper troposphere over the North Atlantic by modulating the atmospheric meridional circulation. Geopotential height anomalies trigger eastward‐propagating Rossby waves, generating anomalous cyclones and anticyclones over East Asia. These anomalous cyclones and anticyclones lead to zonal wind anomalies, which alter the strength of the westerlies on both sides of the climatological jet axis, thereby changing the jet's meridional position. Additionally, the difference in the propagation direction of wave activity flux between positive and negative SSTA alters the distribution of wave energy convergence and divergence in the EASJ region, further affecting the intensity of the average westerly winds on both sides of the climatological jet axis, ultimately producing the changes in the meridional position of the EASJ.