bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal childhood adversity and child temperament: An association moderated by child 5‐HTTLPR genotype
Authors: Bouvette‐Turcot Andrée‐Anne , Fleming A. S. , Wazana A. , Sokolowski M. B. , Gaudreau H. , Gonzalez A. , Deslauriers J. , Kennedy J. L. , Steiner M. , Meaney M. J. ,   on behalf of the MAVAN Research Team
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe examined transgenerational effects of maternal childhood adversity on child temperament and a functional promoter polymorphism, 5‐HTTLPR, in the serotonin‐transporter gene (SLC6A4) as potential moderators of such maternal influences in 154 mother–child dyads, recruited into a longitudinal birth cohort study. We examined the interactive effects of maternal childhood experience using an integrated measure derived from Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Parental Bonding Index (PBI). Triallelic genotyping of 5‐HTTLPR was performed. A measure of ‘negative emotionality/behavioural dysregulation’ was derived from the Early Childhood Behaviour Questionnaire at 18 and 36 months. Negative emotionality/behavioural dysregulation was highly stable between 18 and 36 months and predicted psychosocial problems at 60 months. After controlling multiple demographics as well as both previous and concurrent maternal depression there was a significant interaction effect of maternal childhood adversity and offspring 5‐HTTLPR genotype on child negative emotionality/behavioural dysregulation (β = 1.03, t11,115 = 2.71, P < .01). The results suggest a transgenerational effect of maternal developmental history on emotional function in the offspring, describing a pathway that likely contributes to the familial transmission of vulnerability for psychopathology.
Vocal traits and diet explain avian sensitivities to anthropogenic noise
Authors: Francis Clinton D. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGlobal population growth has caused extensive human‐induced environmental change, including a near‐ubiquitous transformation of the acoustical environment due to the propagation of anthropogenic noise. Because the acoustical environment is a critical ecological dimension for countless species to obtain, interpret and respond to environmental cues, highly novel environmental acoustics have the potential to negatively impact organisms that use acoustics for a variety of functions, such as communication and predator/prey detection. Using a comparative approach with 308 populations of 183 bird species from 14 locations in Europe, North American and the Caribbean, I sought to reveal the intrinsic and extrinsic factors responsible for avian sensitivities to anthropogenic noise as measured by their habitat use in noisy versus adjacent quiet locations. Birds across all locations tended to avoid noisy areas, but trait‐specific differences emerged. Vocal frequency, diet and foraging location predicted patterns of habitat use in response to anthropogenic noise, but body size, nest placement and type, other vocal features and the type of anthropogenic noise (chronic industrial vs. intermittent urban/traffic noise) failed to explain variation in habitat use. Strongly supported models also indicated the relationship between sensitivity to noise and predictive traits had little to no phylogenetic structure. In general, traits associated with hearing were strong predictors – species with low‐frequency vocalizations, which experience greater spectral overlap with low‐frequency anthropogenic noise tend to avoid noisy areas, whereas species with higher frequency vocalizations respond less severely. Additionally, omnivorous species and those with animal‐based diets were more sensitive to noise than birds with plant‐based diets, likely because noise may interfere with the use of audition in multimodal prey detection. Collectively, these results suggest that anthropogenic noise is a powerful sensory pollutant that can filter avian communities nonrandomly by interfering with birds' abilities to receive, respond to and dispatch acoustic cues and signals.
Forest transitions in Eastern Europe and their effects on carbon budgets
Authors: Kuemmerle Tobias , Kaplan Jed O. , Prishchepov Alexander V. , Rylsky Ilya , Chaskovskyy Oleh , Tikunov Vladimir S. , Müller Daniel 
Published: February 2015

AbstractForests often rebound from deforestation following industrialization and urbanization, but for many regions our understanding of where and when forest transitions happened, and how they affected carbon budgets remains poor. One such region is Eastern Europe, where political and socio‐economic conditions changed drastically over the last three centuries, but forest trends have not yet been analyzed in detail. We present a new assessment of historical forest change in the European part of the former Soviet Union and the legacies of these changes on contemporary carbon stocks. To reconstruct forest area, we homogenized statistics at the provincial level for ad 1700–2010 to identify forest transition years and forest trends. We contrast our reconstruction with the KK11 and HYDE 3.1 land change scenarios, and use all three datasets to drive the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model to calculate carbon stock dynamics. Our results revealed that forest transitions in Eastern Europe occurred predominantly in the early 20th century, substantially later than in Western Europe. We also found marked geographic variation in forest transitions, with some areas characterized by relatively stable or continuously declining forest area. Our data suggest extensive deforestation in European Russia already prior to ad 1700, and even greater deforestation in the 18th and 19th centuries than in the KK11 and HYDE scenarios. Based on our reconstruction, cumulative carbon emissions from deforestation were greater before 1700 (60 Pg C) than thereafter (29 Pg C). Summed over our entire study area, forest transitions led to a modest uptake in carbon over recent decades, with our dataset showing the smallest effect (<5.5 Pg C) and a more heterogeneous pattern of source and sink regions. This suggests substantial sequestration potential in regrowing forests of the region, a trend that may be amplified through ongoing land abandonment, climate change, and CO2 fertilization.
Haemophilia pseudotumours in patients with inhibitors
Authors: Caviglia H. , Candela M. , Landro M. E. , Douglas Price A. L. , Neme D. , Galatro G. A. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryDevelopment of inhibitors against factor VIII (FVIII) or FIX is the most serious complication of replacement therapy in patients with haemophilia. Haemophilic pseudotumours in a patient with inhibitors can lead to devastating consequences. The aim of this study is to show our experience in the treatment of 10 pseudotumours in 7 patients with inhibitors who were treated by the same multidisciplinary team in the period between January 2000 and March 2013. Seven severe haemophilia A patients were treated at the Haemophilia Foundation in Buenos Aires, Argentina, for 10 pseudotumours. Eight were bone pseudotumours and two soft tissue. All patients underwent imaging studies at baseline to assess the size and content of the lesion. The patients received Buenos Aires protocol as conservative treatment of their pseudotumours for 6 weeks, after which they were evaluated. Only one patient responded to conservative treatment. Surgery was performed on the others six patients, since their pseudotumours did not shrink to less than half their original size. Any bleeding in the musculoskeletal system must be treated promptly in order to prevent pseudotumours. When pseudotumours do appear in inhibitor patients, they can be surgically removed when patients received proper haemostatic coverage, improving the quality of life of these patients.
Primary postpartum haemorrhage in women with von Willebrand disease or carriership of haemophilia despite specialised care: a retrospective survey
Authors: Stoof S. C. M. , van Steenbergen H. W. , Zwagemaker A. , Sanders Y. V. , Cannegieter S. C. , Duvekot J. J. , Leebeek F. W. G. , Peters M. , Kruip M. J. H. A. , Eikenboom J. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryPregnant women with bleeding disorders require specialised peripartum care to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). If third trimester coagulation factor levels are <0.50 IU mL−1, prophylactic treatment is indicated and administered according to international guidelines. However, optimal dose and duration are unknown and bleeding may still occur. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome in women with von Willebrand disease (VWD) or haemophilia carriership treated according to current practice guidelines. From the period 2002–2011, 185 deliveries in 154 VWD women or haemophilia carriers were retrospectively included. Data on blood loss, bleeding disorder characteristics and obstetric risk factors were obtained. The outcome was primary PPH, defined as blood loss ≥500 mL within 24 h postpartum and severe PPH as blood loss ≥1000 mL. Primary PPH was observed in 62 deliveries (34%), 14 (8%) of which resulted in severe PPH. In 26 deliveries prophylactic treatment was administered due to factor levels below the 0.50 IU mL−1 cut‐off in the third trimester, 14 of which (54%) were complicated by PPH. We found an increased PPH risk in deliveries given prophylactic treatment compared with deliveries without (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2–6.3). In conclusion, PPH incidence was highest in deliveries with the lowest factor levels in the third trimester. Currently, delivery outcome in women with bleeding disorders is unsatisfactory, given the high PPH incidence despite specialised care. Future studies are required to optimise management of deliveries in this patient population.
The impact of joint range of motion limitations on health‐related quality of life in patients with haemophilia A: a prospective study
Authors: Chen C.‐M. , Huang K.‐C. , Chen C.‐C. , Huang S.‐U. , Huang C.‐E. , Chen Y.‐Y. , Hsu S.‐L. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryIn patients with haemophilia A, repeated occurrences of haemarthrosis and synovitis lead to limitations in range of motion (ROM) of major joints. However, the effect of limitations in joint ROM on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in these patients has not been studied previously. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of ROM limitations of 10 major joints (bilateral shoulders, elbows, hips, knees and ankles), combined with other possibly influential factors, on HRQOL in patients with haemophilia A. The ROM limitations in 13 movements and pain intensity of the 10 major joints were measured. The socio‐demographic and clinical data were recorded. Short‐Form 36 was used as the HRQOL measurement. Eighteen patients (mean age: 36.9 years) were included. Hip ROM limitations, knee ROM limitations and hip pain intensity predicted physical functioning scale (P < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.553). Shoulder ROM limitations and age predicted role limitation were due to emotional problems scale (P < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.373). Elbow ROM limitations and haemophilia severity predicted mental health scale (P = 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.320). Hip ROM limitations predicted social functioning scale (P = 0.041; adjusted R2 = 0.091). Educational level and elbow ROM limitations predicted vitality scale (P < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.416). The ROM limitations of hip, knee, shoulder and elbow could be predictors for HRQOL in patients with haemophilia A. Improving ROM of major joints could be an appropriate treatment strategy to enhance HRQOL in these patients.
Factors influencing illness representations and perceived adherence in haemophilic patients: a pilot study
Authors: Lamiani G. , Strada I. , Mancuso M. E. , Coppola A. , Vegni E. , Moja E. A. ,   the Pro‐Adherence Study Group
Published: February 2015

SummaryIllness representations of chronic patients are important to explain adherence and preventive behaviours. However, it is unclear if the patient's objective health status may influence illness representations and perceived adherence. This study explored if health status and socio‐demographic characteristics influence illness representations and perceived adherence in haemophilic patients. Fifty patients (25 on‐demand and 25 on prophylaxis) ageing from 13–73, completed the Illness Perceptions Questionnaire‐Revised and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Patients' cognitive illness representations were influenced by type of treatment, haemophilia severity, presence of inhibitor and co‐morbidity. Perceived chronicity was influenced by patient's age (P = 0.021). Perceived adherence was not influenced by the health status, but was affected by the relationship status (P = 0.048). Perceived adherence was predicted by perceived chronicity (β = 0.412; P = 0.003) and by emotions (β = −0.308; P = 0.023). Patient's health status seems to affect cognitive illness representations but not perceived adherence. Perceived chronicity and negative emotions, which affected perceived adherence, were not influenced by the health status. Physician–patient communication addressing perceived chronicity and emotions rather than patients' health status may influence patient's adherence. Psycho‐educational groups could be offered to promote patient's well‐being and adjustment to haemophilia, and improve adherence.
Acupuncture in the Treatment of Headache: A Traditional Explanation of an Ancient Art
Authors: Cady Roger K. , Farmer Kathleen 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundOver the past 4000 years, acupuncture has survived the test of time. Recent scientific studies posit acupuncture is an effective intervention for back and joint pain and headache, including migraine.MethodsThe process of acupuncture is explained, including the role of Qi, the integration of Yang and Yin, the 5 elements, the 8 trigrams, and the metaphors that help the acupuncturist understand the patient, interpret symptoms, and determine acupuncture points in the meridians used to prevent or treat disease. A case study is presented from 3 perspectives: allopathic, traditional acupuncture, and Western acupuncture.ResultsSelected acupuncture studies in headache are reviewed. The safety of acupuncture is discussed as well as the challenges in conducting clinical studies of acupuncture.
Host Nonresponsiveness Does not Interfere With Vaccine‐Mediated Protection Against Gastric Helicobacter Infection
Authors: Harbour Stacey N. , Mitchell Hazel M. , Sutton Philip 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori pathogenesis results from the inflammation induced by chronic infection. CBA mice are nonresponsive to gastric Helicobacter infection, providing a useful model for examining host regulation of Helicobacter‐induced gastritis. We examined whether gastric Helicobacter nonresponsiveness impacts upon vaccine efficacy and whether immune‐mediated protection could occur in the absence of inflammation.MethodsMice were vaccinated prior to challenge with Helicobacter felis or H. pylori. Gastritis and H. felis colonization was evaluated histologically. H. pylori colonization was quantified by colony‐forming assay.ResultsImmunizations protected CBA mice against challenge with either H. felis or H. pylori. Protection against H. felis was marked by a loss of nonresponsiveness and development of an atrophic gastritis with mucus metaplasia. However, vaccine‐induced protection against H. pylori was only associated with cell infiltration into the gastric mucosa.ConclusionsNonresponsiveness to gastric Helicobacter infection did not interfere with vaccination‐induced protection. Vaccine‐induced protective immunity against H. pylori was linked with the induction of cellular infiltration, but importantly not atrophic gastritis.
Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption: a case report
Authors: Wu J. , Lin L. Y. , Yang J. , Chen X. F. , Ge J. Y. , Wu J. R. , Sun W. B. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAimTo report a severe and rare case of multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption (MICRR) in an adult female.SummaryA healthy 27‐year‐old Chinese female, with no significant associated factors, presented with MICRR. Resorption progressed quickly and lesions varied in severity, involving 29 teeth and leading to the loss of 23 teeth over a period of only 3 years. The inner surface of the crown showed extensive areas with worm‐eaten lacunar resorption, and the resorptive lesions had abundant lysosomes throughout their cytoplasm. Further, heavy deposits of reaction products were shown in variously sized lysosomes.
A review of the surgical management of heel pressure ulcers in the 21st century
Authors: Bosanquet David C , Wright Ann M , White Richard D , Williams Ian M 
Published: February 2015

AbstractHeel ulceration, most frequently the result of prolonged pressure because of patient immobility, can range from the trivial to the life threatening. Whilst the vast majority of heel pressure ulcers (PUs) are superficial and involve the skin (stages I and II) or underlying fat (stage III), between 10% and 20% will involve deeper tissues, either muscle, tendon or bone (stage IV). These stage IV heel PUs represent a major health and economic burden and can be difficult to treat. The worst outcomes are seen in those with large ulcers, compromised peripheral arterial supply, osteomyelitis and associated comorbidities. Whilst the mainstay of management of stage I‐III heel pressure ulceration centres on offloading and appropriate wound care, successful healing in stage IV PUs is often only possible with surgical intervention. Such intervention includes simple debridement, partial or total calcanectomy, arterial revascularisation in the context of coexisting peripheral vascular disease or using free tissue flaps. Amputation may be required for failed surgical intervention, or as a definitive first‐line procedure in certain high‐risk or poor prognosis patient groups. This review provides an overview of heel PUs, alongside a comprehensive literature review detailing the surgical interventions available when managing such patients.
Tuning the Color Emission of Sr2P2O7: Tb3+, Eu3+ Phosphors Based on Energy Transfer
Authors: Xu Mengjiao , Wang Luxiang , Jia Dianzeng , Zhao Hongyang 
Published: February 2015

A series of color tunable Tb3+‐ and Eu3+‐activated Sr2P2O7 phosphors were synthesized by a traditional solid‐state reaction method in air atmosphere. The crystal structure, photoluminescence (PL) properties, energy transfer, thermal stability, and luminous efficiency were investigated. A series of characteristic emission of Tb3+ and Eu3+ were observed in the PL spectra and the variation in the emission intensities of the three emission peaks at around 416 nm (blue), 545 nm (green), and 593 nm (orange‐red) induced the multicolor emission evolution by tuning the Tb3+/Eu3+ content ratio. The energy‐transfer mechanism from Tb3+ to Eu3+ ion was determined to be dipole–dipole interaction, and the energy‐transfer efficiency was about 90%. The novel phosphors have excellent thermal stability in the temperature range of 77–473 K and the Commission International De L'Eclairage 1931 chromaticity coordinates of Sr2P2O7: Tb3+, Eu3+ (λex = 378 nm) move toward the ideal white light coordinates.
Facile Synthesis of Large and Thin TiS2 Sheets via a Gas/Molten Salt Interface Reaction
Authors: Tan Mingsheng , Wang Zhiyong , Peng Junjun , Jin Xianbo 
Published: February 2015

Highly crystalline hexagonal titanium disulfide (TiS2) sheets were synthesized at the gas/liquid interface between TiCl4 vapor and the dissolved Na2S in equimolar NaCl–KCl melts at temperatures between 700°C and 850°C. TiS2 sheets with sizes of about 10–20 μm and thicknesses of about 50–200 nm have been collected at 700°C–750°C, and much bigger (50–100 μm in sizes) and thicker (1–5 μm in thickness) TiS2 sheets were obtained at 850°C. The mass transfer preferential growth of an interphase layer and the thermodynamically preferential enlargement of the (001) plane of the hexagonal TiS2 crystal were thought to have led the formation of large and thin TiS2 sheets in this proposed gas/liquid interface process. Due to the density difference, the ripe TiS2 sheets sank into the melt allowing the continuing preparation of TiS2 sheets. These TiS2 sheets could spontaneously assemble to TiS2 membranes or be ultrasonically exfoliated to few‐layer TiS2 sheets with thicknesses less than 5 nm. The presented approach should be potentially extendable to the synthesis of large and thin sheets of other layered metal dichalcogenides in large scale.
Facilitating Comprehension, Connection and Commitment to Environmentally Responsible Design
Authors: Boehm (née Sherman) Sarah 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGiven the increased awareness of the negative effects the building industry has on the environment, designs produced without considering sustainability of the planet can no longer be accepted. Although the concepts of sustainability and environmental responsibility are not new to the field of interior design, a review of the literature reveals that Environmentally Responsible Design (ERD) is not being practised with any industry‐wide consistency. This article proposes an interdisciplinary pedagogical model that promises to educate students to imbed ERD principles into the design process. The TIER Model's framework is an amalgam that harnesses insights from Humanistic Sustainability, Place‐Conscious Education, Principles of Sustainable Design, Phases of the Design Process and Traditional Ecological Knowledge to form a broader view of the environment and help synthesise and inculcate the concepts of sustainability. A descriptive case study illustrates how such a framework may be used to introduce ERD and sustainability concepts into design curricula. Findings from this research suggest the need to replicate the TIER Model's use within different team structures, courses and settings around the world. This work represents an innovative approach to fostering an individualised comprehension, connection and commitment to ERD among students of interior design.
Touched by Turner
Authors: Adams Jeff 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis is a personal reflection on an encounter with the works of the nineteenth‐century painter J. M. W. Turner in London's Tate Britain exhibition ‘Late Turner: Painting Set Free’. The article discusses the deeply subjective nature of engaging with artworks, and touches upon theories that might account for the ineffable but moving experiences that sometimes occur in such situations, often unexpectedly, and analyses the associations that might prompt them – in this case the details of dogs in some of Turner's works. There is a discussion of the theoretical frameworks that may provide an insight into these deeply subjective, personal and yet significant encounters, and how they can provide a means to a richer understanding of an artwork. The article considers the conditions that might be conducive to these contemplative, affective experiences, and how they might occur in educational settings with appropriate forms of pedagogy. The article concludes by contrasting slow, idiosyncratic and subjective learning through artworks, with the dominant, data‐based and reductive trends that currently prevail in mainstream education.