bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culturing Osteochondral Explants Under Rotary Shaking or After Removing Bone Marrow Elements Increases Explant Cellular Viability
Authors: Leite Chilan B.G. , Ormsby Renee T. , Mekhail Julie , Charles Julia F. , Görtz Simon , Merkely Gergo , Lattermann Christian 
Published: August 2024

Background: Reduced viability in the deepest zones of osteochondral allografts (OCAs) can weaken the subchondral interface, potentially increasing the risk of failure. This reduction may result from nutritional imbalances due to uneven media distribution or interference from bone marrow elements. Purpose: To investigate whether culturing OCAs using a rotary shaker or removing the bone marrow elements would increase graft cellular viability. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Bovine osteochondral explants were stored for 28 days at 4°C under 3 different conditions (n = 6 explants per group): static (control group), rotary shaker at 150 rpm (shaker group), and static after removal of bone marrow elements using a Waterpik device (Waterpik group). Chondrocyte viability was assessed using live/dead staining across the entire tissue and in each zone (superficial, middle, deep). Subchondral bone viability was assessed using TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidal transferase–mediated biotin–deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling) staining to detect apoptotic cells. Results: Both shaker (64.2%; P = .010) and Waterpik (65.6%; P = .005) conditions showed significantly higher chondrocyte viability compared with control (49.8%). When samples were analyzed by zone, the shaker and Waterpik groups displayed higher cellular viability at the middle zone (shaker = 60.6%, P < .001; Waterpik = 56.1%, P < .001) and deep zone (shaker = 63.1%, P = .018; Waterpik = 61.5%, P = .025) than the control group (25.6% at middle zone; 32.8% at deep zone). Additionally, shaker (56.7%; P = .018) and Waterpik (51.4%; P = .007) groups demonstrated a lower percentage of apoptotic cells in subchondral bone compared with control (88.0%). No significant differences were observed between the shaker and Waterpik groups in any of the analyses. Conclusion: Both rotary shaking and removal of bone marrow elements during storage of osteochondral explants led to higher chondrocyte viability at the middle and deep zones of the graft compared with the static storage condition. Enhancing nutrition delivery to the graft could improve its quality, potentially improving outcomes of OCA transplantation. Clinical Relevance: The use of a rotary shaker or the removal of bone marrow elements may significantly improve the culture conditions, increasing graft viability and integrity after OCA storage.
Longitudinal Assessment of Clinical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Treatment for Hip Synovial Chondromatosis and the Effect of Residual Loose Bodies: Minimum 4-Year and 8-Year Follow-up
Authors: Zhu Yichuan , Gao Guanying , Luan Shuo , Wu Kesheng , Wang Hongli , Zhang Yanni , Zhang Xin , Wang Jianquan , Xu Yan 
Published: August 2024

Background: Arthroscopic treatment is recommended for hip synovial chondromatosis. However, evidence regarding long-term clinical outcomes is limited. Purpose: To evaluate long-term patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and survival, and to determine the potential effect of residual loose bodies, as evaluated by immediate postoperative computed tomography (CT), on clinical outcomes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A consecutive cohort of patients undergoing arthroscopic treatment and diagnosed with synovial chondromatosis between March 2010 and May 2015 were included in the study. Preoperative radiography, CT, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed. Preoperative, midterm (minimum of 4 years), and long-term (minimum of 8 years) PROs were collected for visual analog scale for pain, modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), and 12-item international Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12). The percentages achieving minimal clinically important difference (MCID) were calculated. PROs and survival were compared between patients with and without residual loose bodies evident on immediate postoperative CT scan. Results: A total of 28 patients (20% of patients were lost to follow-up) were included in the study with a mean follow-up period of 104.9 months (range, 96-139 months). PROs including visual analog scale for pain (preoperative, 3.8 ± 1.2; midterm, 0.9 ± 1.7; long-term, 0.8 ± 1.4), mHHS (preoperative, 66.4 ± 14.4; midterm, 92.8 ± 12.3; long-term, 93.5 ± 10.5), NAHS (preoperative, 45.2 ± 16.2; midterm, 81.8 ± 15.3; long-term, 83.1 ± 12.9), and iHOT-12 (preoperative, 48.4 ± 15.6; midterm, 69.3 ± 11.7; long-term, 72.7 ± 11.4) were improved at both midterm and long-term follow-up (all with P < .001). In total, 27 (96.4%), 28 (100%), and 26 (92.9%) patients achieved MCID for mHHS, NAHS and iHOT-12, respectively, at the long-term follow-up. No significant difference was found in any of the PROs and the rate of achieving MCID between midterm and long-term follow-up (all with P > .05). One patient (3.6%) underwent revision surgery. Among the 23 patients who had loose bodies on preoperative CT or radiographs, 14 patients (60.9%) with residual loose bodies evident on immediate postoperative CT demonstrated lower NAHS ( P = .045) and iHOT-12 ( P = .037) scores but a comparable survival ( P > .05) at long-term follow-up compared with those who did not have loose bodies. Conclusion: Arthroscopic treatment for hip synovial chondromatosis achieved satisfactory long-term clinical outcomes with strong survival. Most patients maintained or improved their overall functional status between midterm and long-term follow-up. Furthermore, patients with residual loose bodies had less favorable clinical outcomes, although the survival rate was comparable.
Evaluation of mixtures of flavor chemicals in a 90-day nose-only exposures in sprague-dawley rats
Authors: Oldham Michael J , Desai Rahat Wadhwa , Randazzo James , Walling Brent E , Lalonde Guy , Weil Roxana 
Published: August 2024

Background One of the challenges to using some flavor chemicals in aerosol products is the lack of route of administration specific toxicology data. Methods Flavor chemicals (88) were divided into four different flavor mixtures based upon chemical compatibility and evaluated in 2-week dose-range-finding and subsequent 90-day nose-only rodent inhalation studies (OECD 413 and GLP compliant). Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to vehicle control or one of three increasing concentrations of each flavor mixture. Results In the dose-range-range-finding studies, exposure to flavor mixture four resulted in adverse nasal histopathology in female rats at the high dose, resulting in this flavor mixture not being evaluated in a 90-day study. In the 90-day studies daily exposures to the three flavor mixtures did not induce biologically meaningful adverse effects (food consumption, body weights, respiratory physiology, serum chemistry, hematology, coagulation, urinalysis, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis and terminal organ weights). All histopathology findings were observed in both vehicle control and flavor mixture exposed animals, with similar incidences and/or severities, and therefore were not considered flavor mixture related. Conclusion Based on the absence of adverse effects, the no-observed-adverse-effect concentration for each 90-day inhalation study was the highest dose tested, 2.5 mg/L of the aerosolized high dose of the three flavor mixtures.
Risk Tolerance in Investment Decisions: Are Personality Traits the Real Triggers?
Authors: Mukhdoomi Azra Mehraj , Shah Farooq Ahmad 
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Investment decisions of investors are strongly influenced by their risk tolerance. Previous research suggests that risk tolerance is influenced by various social, economic, demographic and psychological factors. This research aims to extend the investigative line of inquiry regarding the influence of one such psychological factor, that is, personality, on the risk tolerance of small investors without limiting their asset class or classifying them into any groups. Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative research method is used to measure personality traits and risk tolerance in the investment decisions of small investors in Kashmir. The study uses a structured questionnaire adopted in parts from various established scales to collect data from small investors. Correlations and multiple regression have been used to arrive at the results. Findings: Results of the study indicated that extrovert and open-to-experience individuals showed tolerance to risk. In contrast, conscientious, neurotic and agreeable individuals were risk-averse in the geographical location considered for this study. The results imply that financial advisors must consider the personality traits of investors when giving investment advice to small investors. Practical Implications: It becomes essential for financial planners and advisors to follow an investor-centric approach wherein they consider the personal characteristics of individuals when giving investment advice, and they must design the portfolios/investment avenues according to the investors’ personalities. The results of this study show that investors with different characters have different risk-taking capabilities, and a particular investor will feel comfortable investing in a specific risk-class asset. Originality/Value: There is no study or research about the influence of personality traits on risk tolerance in investment decisions in this particular geographical area, that is, Kashmir. Therefore, this study will contribute significantly towards understanding investor behaviour and help financial advisors and investment bankers suggest appropriate investment avenues.
Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials on Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Pediatric Heart Diseases
Authors: Guan Chaokun , Guo Linjuan , Liang Shucheng 
Published: August 2024

Background Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been widely applied in adults for thrombosis prophylaxis. However, the effect of DOACs in pediatric patients with congenital or acquired heart diseases who need anticoagulation therapy remains unclear. Methods We systematically searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, as well as the ClinicalTrials.gov registry and the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform until June 2024 to identify relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs). If the number of included studies was less than 5, we performed a narrative review to assess the effect of DOACs in pediatric patients. Results Four studies were included. In the UNIVERSE study, thrombotic events occurred in 2% of the rivaroxaban group and 9% of the aspirin group, with bleeding events in 36% and 41%, respectively. The ENNOBLE-ATE study showed no thromboembolic events in the edoxaban group and 1.7% in the SOC group (rate difference: −0.07%, 95% CI: −0.22 to 0.07%). Major bleeding rates were similar (rate difference: −0.03%, 95% CI: −0.18 to 0.12%). The SAXOPHONE trial showed no thromboembolic events in either group and similar major bleeding rates (−0.8%, 95% CI: −8.1 to 3.3%). In the DIVERSITY trial, 81% of dabigatran patients achieved the primary outcome versus 59.3% in the SOC group (Odds ratio: 0.342, 95% CI: 0.081–1.229). No major bleeding occurred in either group. Conclusion Existing studies suggest that the use of DOACs hold promise as an effective and safe alternative for preventing and treating thromboembolism in pediatric patients with heart conditions.
Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Robotic Versus Conventional Completion Thyroidectomy: A 10-year Experience
Authors: Hussein Mohammad , Issa Peter P. , LaForteza Alexandra , Omar Mahmoud , Magazine Brandon , Abdelhady Ali , Hossam Eslam , Shama Mohamed , Toraih Eman , Kandil Emad 
Published: August 2024

Background Robotic thyroidectomy is gaining popularity, yet its role in completion thyroidectomy remains unclear. We aimed to compare robotic vs conventional completion thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules. Methods This retrospective study analyzed patients undergoing completion thyroidectomy from 2010-2020, either by conventional open technique (n = 87) or a robotic remote-access approach (n = 44). Outcomes were compared between groups. Results A total of 131 patients were included. The robotic cohort was younger (45.3 ± 14.0 vs 55.5 ± 14.5 years, P < 0.001) with a lower BMI (25.9 ± 5.5 vs 33.7 ± 7.8 kg/m2, P < 0.001). Operative time was longer for robotic procedures (139 min vs 99 min, P < 0.001). Hospital stay was shorter after robotic surgery, with 25% discharged the same day as compared to 5.7% in the open thyroidectomy cohort ( P = 0.006). Overall rates of complication were comparable ( P = 0.65). Transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in 4.6% of patients, which was similar between both cohorts ( P = 0.66). Conclusion Robotic completion thyroidectomy appears safe and effective, achieving shorter hospitalization than conventional open approaches despite longer operative times. Appropriate patient selection and surgical technique optimization are key. Larger prospective studies should investigate costs and long-term patient-reported outcomes.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Propensity-Score Matched Studies
Authors: Deng Shidong , Liu Lingzhi , Wang Yurou , Zhou Chuan , Zhang Huihui 
Published: August 2024

Background The effectiveness of laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (LNU) vs open nephroureterectomy (ONU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is unclear. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis of studies based on propensity score-matched cohorts to compare the surgical and oncological outcomes of LNU and ONU in UTUC patients. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library until July 12, 2023. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was utilized to assess the quality of eligible studies. Measurements of surgical and oncological outcomes were extracted and pooled including mean difference (MD), risk ratio (RR), hazard ratios (HR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Five high-quality retrospective studies were included, totaling 6422 patients; 2080 (32.4%) underwent LNU, and 4342 (67.6%) underwent ONU. With respect to surgical outcomes, patients in the LNU group experienced less estimated blood loss and had shorter hospital stay than those in the ONU group, but there was no significant difference in complication rates and operation time. In regard to oncological outcomes, there were no significant differences between the LNU and ONU groups in 3-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). However, 3-year intravesical recurrence free survival (IVRFS) was worse in the LNU group compared to the ONU group. Conclusion LNU was associated with less estimated blood loss and shorter hospital stays than ONU, but there were no differences in OS and CSS between the surgical modalities. Nonetheless, LNU might result in poorer IVRFS than ONU.
The Impact of Drive Leg Impulse and Slope on Throwing Velocity and Kinematics in the Competitive Throwing Athlete
Authors: Glover Mark A. , Mylott Joseph A. , Gaba Arlen , Recker Andrew J. , Bullock Garrett S. , Waterman Brian R. , Nicholson Kristen F. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Multiple studies have analyzed pitching kinematics using motion analysis technology, but lower extremity drive leg impulse (DLI) and drive leg slope (DLS) are not as well characterized. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between DLI and DLS and pitch velocity as well as angular velocity of the pelvis, trunk, and humerus. Hypothesis: Increased DLI and DLS will be correlated positively with pitch velocity and associated with increased angular velocities in the humerus, trunk, and pelvis. Study Design: Retrospective case series. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Three-dimensional motion analyses data from 174 pitchers (age, 17.0 ± 1.0 years; height, 1.82 ± 0.07 m; weight, 80.0 ± 11.3 kg) throwing combined 613 fastball pitches were included. Pitchers threw 2 to 5 pitches, and the variables collected between pitches were averaged and recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using linear regressions to determine the association between DLS as well as DLI and pitch velocity and angular velocities of the pelvis, trunk, and humerus. Results: Pitchers with higher DLI were associated with lower pitch velocities (β = -22.32; 95% CI, -32.75 to -11.88, P < 0.01). There were no significant associations for DLS and velocity (β = -0.60; 95% CI, -1.48 to 0.29, P = 0.18) or DLS and DLI with rotational velocities except for DLI and trunk kinematics (β = -0.60; 95% CI, -1.48 to 0.29, P = 0.18). Conclusion: In the combined cohort, DLI correlated negatively with pitch velocity, although this relationship does not exist in the subgroup analysis. Higher DLS was found in pitchers with slower pitch velocities in the elite, high school, and youth groups, although not statistically significant. No associations were found with DLS and any angular velocities between any level of play analyzed in this study, suggesting no consistent association regardless of playing level.
Unexpected diagnosis of rare mesenteric Castleman disease: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ji Jianan , Tang Mingjie , Liu Hua 
Published: August 2024

In this report, we present an Asian male patient who was 30 years old and admitted to the hospital due to pancreatitis. While undergoing a CT scan, an isolated mass was unexpectedly discovered in the patient’s abdomen. The patient’s abdominal pain, which was caused by pancreatitis, had resolved before he underwent surgical resection to remove the mass. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with Castleman disease based on pathology. Castleman disease occurring in the mesentery is exceptionally rare. Therefore, we have reviewed the essential information regarding Castleman disease and have found that the crucial part lies in the diagnosis and the consideration of distinct treatment strategies based on different types.
Perceived usefulness of digital self-tracking among people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Skovgaard Lasse , Steenberg Josephine Lyngh , Lynning Marie 
Published: August 2024

Background and aim Self-care technologies may support patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in their everyday disease management by enabling self-monitoring of various health indicators, such as symptom levels and physical activity levels. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of tracking self-selected MS- and health-related measures via a digital self-tracking tool for people with MS (PwMS) over a period of six weeks. Methods An initial development phase was followed by a six-week testing phase with 58 test participants. The evaluation phase followed a sequential, exploratory mixed-methods design, consisting of 14 interviews with test participants during the testing phase, followed by a survey of all participants after the testing phase to confirm and elaborate on the interview findings. The interview data were analyzed through a five-step thematic analysis, and the survey data were analyzed descriptively. Results The results of the mixed-methods study can be summarized in the following findings: (1) Use of the self-tracking tool assisted users in clarifying patterns regarding their symptoms, physical activity, sleep quality and emotional well-being. (2) Tracking physical activity and, to some extent, sleep had a motivational effect on participants in relation to increasing activity and/or changing habits. (3) Data quality/accuracy constitutes an important criterion for considering the self-tracking tool relevant. (4) The self-tracking tool may support dialogue between patients and healthcare professionals, and/or it may potentially play a role in peer-to-peer support. Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that the self-tracking of symptoms, sleep, physical activity and other measures may contribute positively to everyday self-management among PwMS. Professional support in interpreting and acting upon the data should be considered.
Lived experience at the core: A classification system for risk-taking behaviours in bipolar
Authors: Harvey Daisy , Rayson Paul , Lobban Fiona , Palmier-Claus Jasper , Jones Steven 
Published: August 2024

Objective Clinical observations suggest that individuals with a diagnosis of bipolar face difficulties regulating emotions and impairments to their cognitive processing, which can contribute to high-risk behaviours. However, there are few studies which explore the types of risk-taking behaviour that manifest in reality and evidence suggests that there is currently not enough support for the management of these behaviours. This study examined the types of risk-taking behaviours described by people who live with bipolar and their access to support for these behaviours. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with n = 18 participants with a lived experience of bipolar and n = 5 healthcare professionals. The interviews comprised open-ended questions and a Likert-item questionnaire. The responses to the interview questions were analysed using content analysis and corpus linguistic methods to develop a classification system of risk-taking behaviours. The Likert-item questionnaire was analysed statistically and insights from the questionnaire were incorporated into the classification system. Results Our classification system includes 39 reported risk-taking behaviours which we manually inferred into six domains of risk-taking. Corpus linguistic and qualitative analysis of the interview data demonstrate that people need more support for risk-taking behaviours and that aside from suicide, self-harm and excessive spending, many behaviours are not routinely monitored. Conclusion This study shows that people living with bipolar report the need for improved access to psychologically informed care, and that a standardised classification system or risk-taking questionnaire could act as a useful elicitation tool for guiding conversations around risk-taking to ensure that opportunities for intervention are not missed. We have also presented a novel methodological framework which demonstrates the utility of computational linguistic methods for the analysis of health research data.