bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of ceramic particle features on the thermal behavior of PPO-matrix composites
Authors: Lombardi Mariangela , Fino Paolo , Montanaro Laura 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Thermoplastic poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO)-matrix composites were prepared and characterized in order to evaluate the effect of different ceramic fillers on the thermal and combustion behavior of the matrix. In particular, ceramic particles having three different shapes were exploited as fillers, particles showing a platelet-like, a needle-like or an equiaxial morphology. The composite materials were produced through a melt blending method, which yielded a homogeneous distribution of the ceramic particles in the organic matrix. It was demonstrated that the presence of the inorganic particles influenced the temperature range in which the degradation processes of the polymer occurred. In addition, the three fillers modified the thermal behavior of PPO differently in terms of enthalpy. Finally, the presence of the filler induced a change in combustion behavior of the polymeric matrix; in particular, sepiolite was able to increase the charring ability of the PPO/polystyrene blend with the development of a visible carbonaceous layer.
Effect of single-walled carbon nanotube on the physical, rheological and mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomer based on PP/EPDM
Authors: Narimani Amir , Hemmati Mahmood 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The effect of the incorporation of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) on the morphological, physical, rheological and mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomer based polypropylene (PP)/ethylene propylene diene (EPDM) (80/20) is reported. The morphological study showed that the size of the dispersed phase decreased by the addition of SWNT, this effect being more appreciable with 0.5 wt.% of SWNT. The results of differential scanning calorimetry showed that the addition of SWNT increased the crystallinity of PP/EPDM/SWNT nanocomposites. This effect was not linearly dependent on SWNT content, particularly at high SWNT concentrations. The rheological results revealed that addition of SWNT increased the storage modulus and complex viscosity at low frequencies. The Izod impact strength and tensile strength improved when 0.5 wt.% of SWNT was used. Furthermore, the tensile modulus increased remarkably by increasing the SWNT content, but the elongation at break of the material decreased.
A solution for transverse thermal conductivity of composites with quadratic or hexagonal unidirectional fibres
Authors: Xiao Xueliang , Long Andrew 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
A solution for the transverse thermal conductivity (K

e
) of unidirectional fibre arrays, quadratic and hexagonal, is developed analytically. The solution integrates the thermal conductivity of fibre (K

f
) and fluid (K

m
) based on electricity analogy without thermal contact resistance (R

c
) at the fibre/fluid interface. The expression K

e
is a function of K

f
and K

m
, as well as of the fibre volume fraction (V

f
). In this article, K

e
values of four composites were predicted and verified by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The results showed good agreement when the ratio of K

f
/K

m
is close to 1. An increase in the ratio or V

f
gives poorer agreement owing to the local temperature gradient at the fibre/fluid interface. CFD simulation also showed that K

e
is decreasing as the R

c
value increases.
Circumferential waves in pre-stressed functionally graded cylindrical curved plates
Authors: Yu Jiangong , Zhang Chuanzeng , Zhang Xiaoming 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Initial stress (pre-stress) in functionally graded material (FGM) structures is often inevitable because of the limitation of available manufacturing technology. On the basis of the “mechanics of incremental deformations”, the circumferential wave characteristics in FGM cylindrical curved plates under uniform initial stresses in the radial and axial directions are investigated. The Legendre polynomial series method is used to solve the coupled wave equations with variable coefficients. Through numerical examples, the convergence of the polynomial method is discussed. The influences of the initial stresses on the circumferential Lamb-like and the circumferential SH waves are investigated, respectively. Numerical results show that they are quite distinct. Moreover, the influences of the initial stress in the axial direction are very different from those in the radial direction, both on the dispersion curves and on the displacement and stress distributions.
COMMUNITY HEALTH TEAM
Authors: Mahler H. 
Published: June 2013

... Today the health manpower situation leaves much to be desired as regards both quality and quantity. In the past, this problem has always prompted the same type of reaction; to step up the training of the "classical" types of health worker. It can be said with some certainty that to produce more of the same (usually disease- and hospital-oriented) type of health worker will not solve health service problems—nor, which is more important, the health problems of the people.
During the past two or three decades, it has become abundantly clear that if we want to do something for the health of entire populations, and, even more important, if we want them to do the things necessary for their own health, we must leave the well-trodden paths. We must create new, well-planned services, staffed where necessary by new categories of health personnel, such as primary health workers and their mentors, with practitioners of traditional medicine as an important reserve. It is not enough, however, to develop new categories of health personnel. Every health worker—including part-time workers drawn from the community itself—should be equipped by training to serve on the community health team, ready to cope with people's priority health problems not only today and tomorrow but well into the future.
THE RIGHT TO BE WRONG
Authors: Solzhenitsyn A. 
Published: June 2013

If a man was called a scientist during his lifetime and an honored one at that, it was the end of him as a doctor.
The honor and glory of it would get in the way of his treatment of patients, just as elaborate clothing hinders a mans movements.
These honored scientists went about with a suite of followers, like some new Christ with his apostles. They completely lost the right to make mistakes or not to know something, they lost the right to be allowed to think things over.
The man might be self-satisfied, half-witted, behind the times, and trying to conceal the fact, and yet everyone would expect miracles from him.
Clinical Diagnosis of the Inborn Errors of Metabolism in the Neonatal Period
Authors: Burton Barbara K. , Nadler Henry L. 
Published: June 2013

The first step in the evaluation of any sick neonate, and clearly the most important one, is a thorough clinical assessment including history and physical examination. In the case of metabolic disorders, the family history is critical, particularly if it reveals previously poorly explained neonatal deaths. The physical examination may alert the clinician to the possibility of a specific diagnosis and then appropriate laboratory tests may be performed in an attempt to verify that diagnosis. Such is the case in the neonate who has jaundice, hepatomegaly, vomiting, diarrhea, failure to thrive, and cataracts. Most pediatricians would immediately think of galactosemia, test the urine for reducing substances, and institute a galactose-free diet pending the results of definitive enzyme assays. The same is true of Pompe's disease where the findings of macroglossia, hypotonia, hepatomegaly, cardiomegaly, and congestive heart failure without evidence of structural heart disease are rarely associated with any other diagnosis. When the clinical findings are not so distinctive, the diagnosis may, on rare occasions, be suggested by the observation of an unusual feature such as the odor of maple syrup in the urine of infants with maple syrup urine disease.
In the vast majority of instances, the clinician is not so fortunate. Although the same may not be true for older children, the majority of inborn errors of metabolism that occur in the neonatal period are characterized by nonspecific signs and symptoms which in themselves are not useful in making a diagnosis but when observed in combination, without a known cause, are suggestive of such a diagnosis.
It is hoped that the guidelines presented here will assist the physician in the evaluation of such infants. It has not been our purpose to discuss the definite diagnostic studies leading to a precise diagnosis or to outline specific therapeutic measures. These are best left within the province of those experienced in the management of these disorders. Astute clinical diagnosis and some simple laboratory studies may provide the assurance that affected infants will receive the benefits of further evaluation and treatment.
If death appears imminent in a newborn suspected of having a metabolic disorder, we would recommend that the following samples be collected and stored: urine, frozen; plasma, separated from whole blood and frozen; and a small snip of skin obtained by sterile technique and stored at room temperature or 37 C in tissue culture medium, if available, or in 5% dextrose in normal saline solution. If an autopsy is performed, a sample of unfixed liver tissue should also be frozen at -20 C. These samples subsequent can be transported to a diagnostic center for studies that appear to be indicated.
CONTROVERSY IN THE DETECTION OF DISEASE
Authors: Sackett David L. , Holland Walter W. 
Published: June 2013

The advocates of screening, usually for impeccable motives, conclude that the pre-existing evidence plus commonsense—in the face of the ongoing toll of disability and untimely death—demand massive screening programmes for the detection of citizens with risk factors for these disorders now, even in the absence of experiments to determine whether the alteration of many risk factors will, in fact, alter risk. In "keeping the faith", screening advocates may find themselves forced to accept or reject evidence not so much on the basis of its scientific merit as on the extent to which it supports or rejects the stand that screening is good.
The methodologists, on the other hand, are wed not to a conclusion but to a series of criteria and strategies which if rigorously applied they believe will maximise the likelihood that the ultimate conclusion is correct. They insist that screening, like any other untested health manoeuvre, may do more harm than good and must meet scientific as well as political criteria before it is implemented. In "maintaining objectivity" methodologists will be forced to offer tentative conclusions and to change their minds as more valid evidence appears.... The decision to apply an unproven remedy to a single patient costs relatively little and limits the human risk of toxicity and side-effects, should the remedy later be shown to be useless or harmful. The opportunity for waste and harm is greatly magnified if this remedy is proposed for all such patients identified through a screening programme.
A wrong community decision now, subsequently revealed, makes the implementation of later community decisions, however valid, much more difficult.
THE SOLDIER-POET LUIGI TANSILLO'S POEM ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF BREAST-FEEDING
Authors: C. T. E. 
Published: June 2013

Luigi Tansillo (1510-1569) was not a physician but a soldier. His didactic pediatric poem La Balia (The Nurse) was discovered in manuscript in 1767, so that its publication had to wait more than two centuries after his death.1
Tansillo's poem, translated into English by William Roscoe in 1798, is an impassioned appeal for breast-feeding. This is an example of his plea-written more than 500 years ago-for mothers to nurse their infants.2
What fury hostile to the human kind
First led from Nature's path the female mind
Th' ingenuous sense by fashion's law represt
And to a babe denied its mother's breast?
O Crime! with herbs and drugs of essence high
The sacred fountains of the breast to dry
To seek a nurse ye trace the country round
At length the mercenary aid is found-
Some wretch of vulgar birth and conduct frail;
Some known offender, flagrant from the jail;
In mind an idiot, or depraved of life,
A shameless strumpet or impoverished wife.
Not half a mother, she, who pride denies
The streaming beverage to her infant's cries.
Renal Transplantation in Children Ages 1 to 5 Years
Authors: Hodson Elisabeth M. , Najarian John S. , Kjellstrand Carl M. , Simmons Richard L. , Mauer S. Michael 
Published: June 2013

Renal transplantation was carried out in 21 children ages 1 to 5 years. Eighteen received grafts from a living, related donor (LRD). Four children died, one following rejection, and three because of infection. Five children lost their initial grafts and two have received new transplants. Cumulative patient survival two and four years following LRD transplantation was 94% and 76%, respectively. This was similar to results found in children ages 6 to 14 years.
Accelerated growth rates were seen in the first posttransplant year in those small children who were severely growth-retarded at the time of transplantation and who achieved normal graft function. However, only one of these children ultimately reached the tenth percentile for height for chronological age.
We conclude that renal transplantation is warranted in the very young child with renal failure.
Factors Influencing Kanamycin Resistance in Gram-Negative Enteric Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Crosson Francis J. , Moxon E. Richard 
Published: June 2013

Gram-negative enteric organisms are responsible for at least 50% of cases of neonatal septicemia.1,2 Because of the emergence of kanamycin-resistant organisms, gentamicin has become the aminoglycoside agent of choice in many neonatal intensive care units.1 Increased use of gentamicin, however, favors the development of gentamicin resistance,3 which has prompted interest in reducing reliance on gentamicin.
Baker et al.4 have suggested that the incidence of kanamycin resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from neonates is low if illness begins during the first few days of life but is greater among isolates from infants with illnesses of later onset. They demonstrated a correlation between pretreatment with kanamycin and subsequent recovery of kanamycin-resistant organisms from these same infants.
LYRICAL FLUIDS
Authors: Hendrickse R. G. , Hervade Arturo R. 
Published: June 2013

1. Babies who have D. and V. Shrivel up and fail to wee. When this happens, then we ought a Fill them up with salt and water.
2. When they're shocked they'll only last if you give them plasma fast. After that you must proceed According to your patient's need.
3. If salt is high and water low Keep your I. V. weak and slow. Play it cool, don't lose your wits, For rushing things will bring on fits.
4. But, when sodium's rather low, That's the time to have a go, With stronger stuff at greater speed, To make up losses and daily need.
Triple Dye and Staphylococcal Infections
Authors: Kornblum Robert , Wang Stephen F. , Hedrick Eddie 
Published: June 2013

We would like to mention an alternative method for the prevention of colonization of the umbilicus by staphylococcal organisms to the one proposed by Johnson et al. (Pediatrics 58:354, September 1976).
Several years ago, as a response to recommendations by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to discontinue routine total bathing of newborns with hexachlorophene, we studied alternative methods for the care of newborn infants. Despite the use of plain or green soap for infant bathing and scrupulous attention to hand washing with hexachlorophene by nursery personnel, an increased incidence of staphylococcal colonization and infection was seen in our nursery.
The Mysterious Case of the Loaded Leprechaun
Authors: Inger Kerry K. , Long James H. , Loraas Tina M. , Stanley Jonathan D. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT
The Loaded Leprechaun is a brewery/restaurant with locations around the U.S. At the end of their meal, patrons have the option to participate in the popular “Dollar Holler” tradition, wherein they personalize a dollar bill and staple it to a surface in the restaurant. The case requires students to address the legal, financial accounting, tax, and auditing issues arising from this tradition. The modular nature of the case allows the instructor to assign individual topics or the entire case, depending on the nature of the class. As students complete the case, they are exposed to an unusual, but realistic, scenario requiring them to think critically about the underlying accounting issues and conduct professional research. In addition, implementation of the case does not require a significant investment of effort on the part of the instructor.
Synthesis of ethyl-6-aminohexanoate from caprolactam and ethanol in near-critical water
Authors: Hou Zhi , Luo Li , Liu Chun , Wang Yuan , Dai Li 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe reaction between caprolactam and ethanol was performed in near-critical water. The primary product (ethyl-6-aminohexanoate) was identified by GC-MS. The influences of the reaction temperature, residence time, initial ratio (reactant/water), pH, and additives on the yields of ethyl-6-aminohexanoate are discussed. The results showed that the yield of ethyl-6-aminohexanoate could be as high as 98 % with SnCl2 as an additive in near-critical water. At the same time, the reaction between caprolactam and ethanol was estimated by a lumped kinetic equation as a second-order reaction in near-critical water, and the activation energy was evaluated according to the Arrhenius equation under acidic and basic conditions. Based on the results, the reaction mechanism between caprolactam and ethanol in near-critical water is proposed.
Incidence of embolism associated with carotid artery stenting: open-cell versus closed-cell stents
Authors: Park Keun Young , Kim Dong Ik , Kim Byung Moon , Nam Hyo Suk , Kim Young Dae , Heo Ji Hoe , Kim Dong Joon 
Published: June 2013

Object
Carotid artery stenting (CAS) can be an alternative option for carotid endarterectomy in the prevention of ischemic stroke caused by carotid artery stenosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of stent design on the incidence of procedural and postprocedural embolism associated with CAS treatment.

Methods
Ninety-six symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, consisting of 79 males and 17 females, with moderate to severe carotid artery stenosis and a mean age of 69.0 years were treated with CAS. The stent type (48 closed-cell and 48 open-cell stents) was randomly allocated before the procedure. Imaging, procedural, and clinical outcomes were assessed and compared. The symptomatic subgroup (76 patients) was also analyzed to determine the influence of stent design on outcome.

Results
New lesions on postprocedural diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were significantly more frequent in the open-cell than in the closed-cell stent group (24 vs 12, respectively; p = 0.020). The 30-day clinical outcome was not different between the 2 stent groups. In the symptomatic patient group, stent design (p = 0.017, OR 4.173) and recent smoking history (p = 0.036, OR 4.755) were strong risk factors for new lesions on postprocedural DWI.

Conclusions
Stent design may have an influence on the risk of new embolism, and selecting the appropriate stent may improve outcome.
Le château de Cormatin. Nouvelles recherches
Authors: Berrada Tarek 
Published: June 2013

Das Schloß von Cormatin. Neue Forschungen, von Tarek Berrada

Diese Studie bietet eine Rekonstruktion der Baugeschichte des Schlosses von Cormatin (Saone-et-Loire), ausgehend von neuen Forschungen und einer Synthese der bisher publizierten Studien.
Antoine du Blé modernisierte sein Schloss, indem er nacheinander einen neuen Südflügel (1606-1612) und einen Wirtschaftshof (1613-1618) bauen ließ, letzterer vollendet von seinem Sohn. Nach dem Tode seines Vaters unternahm Jacques du Blé mit Hilfe des Architekten Jacques Gentillâtre den Bau des Westflügels und des vorderen Nordpavillons (1621-1622). Der Architekt Jean Braconnier, der 1622 engagiert wurde, vollendete den nördlichen Haupttrakt, der ein großes Treppenhaus mit vier Kernen enthielt, wovon der Bauvertrag wiedergefunden wurde.
Die Rekonstruktion der Verteilung der Räume und der Möblierung des Schlosses, gestützt auf das 1642 nach dem Ableben der Gattin von Jacques du Blé erstellte Inventar, erlaubt es uns, den Gesamteindruck des Gebäudes wieder herzustellen, der durch die Teilzerstörung des Haupttraktes im 19. Jahrhundert empfindlich gestört worden war. Es war nämlich in diesem Feil, wo sich die Prunkfunktionen konzentrierten, oder wenigstens die Räume, die am deutlichsten großen Empfängen gewidmet waren, und zweifellos auch die dauerhaften Wohngemächer der Herrschaften.
Emiland-Marie Gauthey à l'église de Givry. L'ambition architecturale des Ponts et Chaussées au siècle des Lumières
Authors: Ponsot Patrick 
Published: June 2013

Émiland-Marie Gauthey in der Kirche von Givry. Die architektonischen Ambitionen der Verwaltung der Briicken und Strafien (Ponts et Chaussées) im Jahrhundert der Aujklarung, von Patrick Ponsot
Die Kirche von Givry (Saône-et-Loire) wurde zwischen 1772 und 1791 unter der Leitung des Ingénieurs Emiland-Marie Gauthey erbaut. Seit seiner Errichtung hat das Bauwerk die Betrachter erstaunt. Durch seine Dimensionen, den ausgeklùgelten geometrischen Steinschnitt seiner Gewôlbe, die kiihne Modernitàt seines Aurrisses. Dennoch ist es in Vergessenheit geraten, bis dass Jacques Guillerme es in der Affaire um die Vollendung der Pariser Kirche Sainte-Geneviève als Beispiel anfûhrte : Givry, das Werk eines Ingénieurs, hat damais nur dazu gedient, die Konstruierbarkeit der Kuppel von Soufflot zu belegen. Es ist wahrscheinlich dièse karrierebezogene Nutzbarmachung von Givry durch Gauthey, die ein Interesse an seiner Architektur verhindert hat. Die Rùckkehr zu den Dokumenten und eine Befragung der Quellen lassen eine ganz andere ursprûngliche Ambition erkennen, eine Art enzyklopadischer Versuch. Ein mindestens paradoxes Ergebnis der Kunstschule von Blondel, die damais ciie Ingenieure der «Ponts et Chaussées» in die Architektur einfùhrte.
Development of microsatellite loci in Artocarpus altilis (Moraceae) and cross‐amplification in congeneric species
Authors: Witherup Colby , Ragone Diane , Wiesner‐Hanks Tyr , Irish Brian , Scheffler Brian , Simpson Sheron , Zee Francis , Zuberi M. Iqbal , Zerega Nyree J. C. 
Published: June 2013

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from enriched genomic libraries of Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) and tested in four Artocarpus species and one hybrid. The microsatellite markers provide new tools for further studies in Artocarpus.• Methods and Results: A total of 25 microsatellite loci were evaluated across four Artocarpus species and one hybrid. Twenty‐one microsatellite loci were evaluated on A. altilis (241), A. camansi (34), A. mariannensis (15), and A. altilis × mariannensis (64) samples. Nine of those loci plus four additional loci were evaluated on A. heterophyllus (jackfruit, 426) samples. All loci are polymorphic for at least one species. The average number of alleles ranges from two to nine within taxa.• Conclusions: These microsatellite primers will facilitate further studies on the genetic structure and evolutionary and domestication history of Artocarpus species. They will aid in cultivar identification and establishing germplasm conservation strategies for breadfruit and jackfruit.