bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat Fluxes and River Energy Budget on the Example of Lowland Świder River
Authors: Łaszewski Maksym 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The paper present the energy budget of the downstream part of lowland Świder River, right tributary of the Vistula River in Mazovian Lowland, Poland. Heat fluxes were calculated on the example of four days, representing different meteorological and vegetative conditions. Results confirmed the dominant role of radiation, which accounted for an average of 90.7% and 79.7% gains and losses of thermal energy. Participation of non-radiative components proved to be far less crucial; the average contribution of condensation, sensible heat transfer, bed conduction and friction in energy gains accounted respectively to 0.0%, 0.6%, 2.9% and 5.9%, while the average contribution of evaporation, sensible heat transfer and bed conduction in energy losses reached respectively 4.5%, 1.1% and 14.6%. The results showed significant effect of riparian vegetation and cloud cover on river heat fluxes
Hydrogeochemical and Biogeochemical Processes in Kaffiøyra River Catchments (Spitsbergen, Norway)
Authors: Borysiak Janina , Grześ Marek , Pulina Marian , Szpikowska Grażyna 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the results of hydrogeochemical and biogeochemical studies in the area of Kaffiøyra river catchments in the ablation season 2004. Vegetation, hydrological regime, mineralization and ionic composition of circulating waters, rate of annual chemical denudation and biogenic CO2 content in soil air in relation to the concentration of dissolved and transported HCO3 - ions were documented. The waters represented the type HCO3 - - SO4
2- - Ca2+ - Mg2+. Most of ions showed a good correlation with electrical conductivity. A good correlation between dissolved and transported mass and the discharge was shown. The value of the chemical denudation in non-glacierized catchments of the Kaffiøyra plain was 0.07 and 0.13 t km-2 d-1, in glacierized catchment - 0,21 t km-2 d-1. The biogenic CO2 concentrations in tundra soil air ranged from 0.03-0.08%, while the average was 0.046%. The mean rate of CO2 ionic transport was 3 kg d-1, while of HCO3 - - 0.63 t d-1. A low correlation between the concentration of biogenic CO2 in soil air and HCO3 - was found, which indicates the involvement of other, unexamined bio- and physico-chemical processes.
A survey on cationic polyelectrolytes and their applications: acrylamide derivatives
Authors: Rabiee Ahmad , Ershad-Langroudi Amir , Zeynali Mohammad Ebrahim 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCationic polyelectrolytes are water-soluble polymers bearing positive ionic groups along the backbone or in side chains. These cationic polymers are synthesized by free radical polymerization of acrylamide and their derivatives by the copolymerization method, which includes solution, precipitation, and emulsion techniques. The Mannich reaction is another important method by which the cationic polymers can be processed. In this review paper, the preparation methods, interaction mechanisms of these polymers, and their popular industrial applications are summarized. These polymers open a lot of applications in different fields such as paper-making processes, water and wastewater treatment, oil and drilling industries, mineral separation, paint and food industries, cosmetics, and pharmacy. In addition, these polymers are widely used as flocculants and rheology control agents. These polymers are especially employed in oil field operations as viscosity control agents for enhanced oil recovery, drilling fluid additives, and also for modifying flow and stability properties of aqueous solutions and gels. They are used as super-plasticizers, which affect the rheological properties of dense cement suspensions. Mining processes also benefit from the use of acrylamide derivative polymers to flocculate solids in aqueous dispersions. The cationic polymers may interact with different components in the system such as inorganic/organic particles in aqueous dispersions in several ways, which may result in the stability or instability of dispersion. The particles can be destabilized through three different main mechanisms which promote flocculation: polymer bridging, charge neutralization, and polymer adsorption.
The Role of Ferry and Ro-Ro Shipping in Sustainable Development of Transport
Authors: Kotowska Izabela 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
As far as sustainable transport development is concerned, transfer of cargo from road transport to short sea shipping, which, according to the common opinion, generates lower external costs, is one of the objectives of the European Union policy. However, the latest research results indicate that some Ro-Ro vessels and ferries generate higher external costs than road transport. In light of this, benefits resulting from transferring the cargo from road to sea seem to be questionable. The main aim of the article is answering the question whether, and if so, how ferry and Ro-Ro shipping contributes to development of sustainable transport? In order to answer this question, an analysis of ferry and Ro-Ro shipping lines functioning in European transport system has been conducted.
The article presents research results based on an analysis of approx. 900 ferry and Ro-Ro shipping lines considering the length and time of voyage compared to alternative road transport. Usually, the course of sea shipping route does not cover the route of the road transport, and therefore the lengths of both routes frequently considerably differ, which significantly affects the total external costs generated by them. On the basis of the analysis, the shipping lines have been classified according to the criterion of their substitutability to road transport and their role in sustainable transport development.
Temporal Integration of Auditory Information Is Invariant to Temporal Grouping Cues
Authors: Liu Andrew S.K. , Tsunada Joji , Gold Joshua I. , Cohen Yale E. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAuditory perception depends on the temporal structure of incoming acoustic stimuli. Here, we examined whether a temporal manipulation that affects the perceptual grouping also affects the time dependence of decisions regarding those stimuli. We designed a novel discrimination task that required human listeners to decide whether a sequence of tone bursts was increasing or decreasing in frequency. We manipulated temporal perceptual-grouping cues by changing the time interval between the tone bursts, which led to listeners hearing the sequences as a single sound for short intervals or discrete sounds for longer intervals. Despite these strong perceptual differences, this manipulation did not affect the efficiency of how auditory information was integrated over time to form a decision. Instead, the grouping manipulation affected subjects’ speed−accuracy trade-offs. These results indicate that the temporal dynamics of evidence accumulation for auditory perceptual decisions can be invariant to manipulations that affect the perceptual grouping of the evidence.
Extension of the known geographic distribution of Lampronycteris brachyotis (Dobson, 1879) (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): first records from the Cerrado of the Brazilian Midwest, in the state of Mato Grosso
Authors: Oliveira Sérgio Lopes de , Faria Karina De Cassia 
Published: April 2015

Lampronycteris brachyotis is known to occur at 12 localities in 11 Brazilian states, encompassing the Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest biomes. Here, we report the capture of two specimens in gallery forests within the Cerrado of the state of Mato Grosso. These records expand the known range of L. brachyotis into the Brazilian Midwest.
Flowering Plants of the Western Ghats, India
Authors: Venu P. 
Published: April 2015

Reviewed: Flowering Plants of the Western Ghats, India by T. S. Nayar, A. Rasiya Beegam and M. Sibi. 2014. Thiruvananthapuram, India: Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute. 1683 + i–x + i–vi pp., in 2 volumes. ISBN 978-81-920098-2-7 and ISBN 978-81-920098-3-4.
Biodiversidade do Município de Sorocaba
Authors: Smith Welber Senteio 
Published: April 2015

Reviewed: Biodiversidade do Município de Sorocaba by W.S. Smith, V. D. Mota Jr. and J. L. Carvalho. 2014. Sorocaba: Prefeitura Municipal de Sorocaba. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-85-89017-02-0.
Ultimate CO2 Storage Capacity of an Over-Pressurized 2D Aquifer Model
Authors: Shen Tong , Moghanloo Rouzbeh Ghanbarnezhad , Tian Wei 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This paper examines a systematic approach to determine ultimate CO2 storage capacity of two-dimensional (2D) aquifer model owing to capillary snap-off, gas dissolution, and gas compression. In our previous paper, an application of fractional flow theory was presented to evaluate CO2 storage capacity of an aquifer because of capillary snap-off and gas dissolution; we re-visit that solution and incorporate gas compression as the third mechanism by which CO2 is sequestered in geological formation. The gas compression is triggered when the pressure wave created at the injection well reaches to the physical boundaries of aquifer; beyond that point, the aquifer would realize pressure build-up (over-pressurized). Generally, numerical simulations are used to assess the CO2 storage capacity of a geological formation and evaluate various trapping mechanisms. However, the simulations are complex and time-consuming and they require detailed inputs; whereas, the presented method requires limited inputs and provides fast results in agreement with the simulation that makes the method suitable tool to compare and screen the CO2 storage potential of various formations.
We study partially sealed aquifers where the build-up period starts at some point between the arrival of injection pressure wave and the injected fluid to the distant boundary; whereas, in completely sealed aquifer, the pressure build up starts immediately after the injection wave reaches to the boundary. We develop a mathematical expression to estimate the maximum CO2 storage capacity for the partially sealed aquifer.
To verify the analytic solution, we incorporate the contribution of compressibility into the model we previously developed via an adjusted injection rate. The adjusted injection rate is presented as a function of the dimensionless aquifer properties through a set of plots. Gas compression yields larger immobile CO2 plume during the aquifer build-up period. However, we limit the pressure adjutant to the aquifer boundaries to the fracturing pressure/rock failure beyond which elastic deformation is not sustained.
In practice, the proposed method provides an efficient screening method to assess the CO2 storage capacity of over-pressurized aquifers and significantly reduces the simulation costs while providing an interesting insight.
Clinical and Socio demographic profile of attendees at ART centre in a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore, India
Authors: Nayak U.B. , Lenka S. , Achappa B. 
Published: April 2015

Introduction: India has the third largest number of people living with HIV/AIDS. There is a need to study the profile of patients who come to ART centers and link their clinical and socio-demographic variables in the management. Moreover, it is important to understand the presentation of HIV disease in the local context and culture. The present study is aimed at identifying the socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations of HIV/AIDS patients, opportunistic infections and the possible risk factors for acquiring HIV infection at an ART centre of Government Wenlock hospital, situated in Karnataka state of India. Materials and Methods: In this study 102 HIV patients attending the HIV clinic were enrolled and they were followed for a period of one year with relevant investigations.Results: Of 102 patients 69 were males and 33 were females.The mean age of the study subjects at the time of diagnosis was 38.06. Heterosexual contact was the commonest mode of transmission in96 (94.12%) patients. History suggestive of a risk factor for HIV transmission could not be elicited in 4 (3.92%) patients. Fever (71.5%), weight loss (62.74%), cough (51.96%) and chronic diarrhea (43.9%) were the common presenting symptoms. The most common opportunistic infection was oral candidiasis (66.67%) followed bytuberculosis (22.54%) and pneumocystis pneumonia (13.72%). Significant number of patients (30.37%) developed Zidovudine induced anemia and females were more prone for Zidovudine induced anemia as compared to males. CD4 counts of the patients were significantly inversely correlated with the number of symptoms and the number of opportunistic infections. Conclusion: Majority of patients were of low socioeconomic status and in productive age group with heterosexual contact being commonest mode of transmission.Significant number of patients developed Zidovudine induced anemia and females were more prone. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.11622Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(5) 2015 61-65
Pulmonary dysfunction in children with beta thalassemia major in relation with iron overload - a cross sectional hospital based study
Authors: Boddu A , Kumble A , Mahalingam S , Baliga BS , Achappa B 
Published: April 2015

Background: Previously many patients with thalassemia major died from severe anemia during first decade, but with modern transfusion therapy many now survive beyond childhood. Because of such therapy, however excessive iron deposition occurs in lungs and causing respiratory dysfunction. Respiratory impairment occurs because of defective chelation and repeated transfusions. Objectives: To a) study pattern of respiratory impairment using spirometry, b) estimate iron overload by measuring serum ferritin levels, c) correlate a&b. Methodology:Thalassemia children >7year, on regular blood transfusion were included in the study after getting institutional ethical clearance .Standardised pulmonary function test was done using spirometry. Iron overload was assessed using serum ferritin levels. Severity of pulmonary dysfunction was correlated with serum ferritin levels. Results:Total of 42 children were included 62% were males and 38% were females (with median age 12yrs). By spirometry 95% had restrictive pattern of respiratory dysfunction. Mean ferritin value was 4152. Out of them10 (23.8%) mild, 25(59%) moderate and 5(12%) severe dysfunction based on FEV1 and FVC. The mean ferritin values in severe respiratory dysfunction is 6275 which is significantly higher when compared to moderate (4249) and mild (3066) pattern of respiratory dysfunction. None of the children had evidence of CCF. Significant correlation (p value=0.003) was found between severity of pulmonary dysfunction with ferritin values and also with weight of the child (p value=0.007). No other significant correlation found between severity pattern and transfusion index, age or height. Conclusion:Restrictive pattern is most common pulmonary dysfunction seen in chronic iron overloaded thalassemia major children. Regular blood transfusions with adequate chelation decrease incidence of pulmonary dysfunction. Screening of all thalassemia children using spirometry is need of the hour. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.11782Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(5) 2015 47-50
Newer initiatives in revised national tuberculosis control programme and its current implementation status
Authors: Soyam Vishal , Boro Pallavi 
Published: April 2015

The Revised National Tuberculosis Control programme has continuously innovative and progressive in addressing issues related to Tuberculosis control in India. With the implementation of RNTCP, India has taken huge stride in reduction of mortality and morbidity due to TB. The programme has actively incorporated various new ideas, innovations and information communication technology to curb this menace. These newer initiatives provide unprecedented opportunities to control Tuberculosis more efficiently if it implemented effectively. India has made enormous progress towards TB control through their honest effort. Innovations will effectively leverage India’s endeavour. Programme must continue and sustain these efforts to make India TB free.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.11945 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(5) 2015 1-8
Severe vivax malaria in Eastern India
Authors: Mukherjee Joydeep , Chakrabarty Pradeep 
Published: April 2015

Background: Conventionally, vivax malaria was called as benign malaria. But recent reports of severe vivax malaria were coming from different parts of the World. We studied to find out different attributes of patients, suffering from Plasmodium vivax to reveal some key pattern of severe vivax malaria. Methods: Retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted comprising first hundred malaria indoor cases in a tertiary hospital in Kolkata, India, having unstable transmission. Their various parameters were noted in MS-Excel software. Malaria species was identified and severe malaria cases were noted according to WHO criteria. Data was analysed with GraphPad Instat Software. Results: Among 57 vivax malaria cases, 16 (28.1%) were having severe malaria and among 32 falciparum malaria cases, 11 (34.4%) were having severe malaria; without significant difference between two species in incidence of severe malaria manifestations. Two (18.2%) patients suffering from mixed malaria had severe malaria. Jaundice was the commonest severe malaria manifestation. Conclusion: Incidence of severe vivax malaria was high. Severe malaria manifestations were present in vivax and falciparum cases, without significant difference.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.12094 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(5) 2015 17-20
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma: A Rare and unusual histological variant of prostatic carcinoma
Authors: Gupta Amit , Chaddha Bhavesh , Prakash Puneet , Pathak Priya , Wadhwa Neelam 
Published: April 2015

Carcinosarcoma of Prostate also known as Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare biphasic malignancy with a malignant epithelial component (carcinomatous) and a malignant mesenchymal component. We report a case of this rare and unusual histological variant of prostatic carcinoma. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.12336 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(5) 2015 69-70
Simple fabrication of highly ordered anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films
Authors: Dadras Sedigheh , Aawani Elaheh , Dariani Reza Sabet 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAnodic aluminum oxide is a well-known template for nanofabrication. Structural features of anodic aluminum oxide, such as pore diameter, can be controlled by adjusting anodization operating conditions. In this paper we will describe how nanoporous alumina of different porosities was prepared using electrochemical anodization. The influence of anodization time, potential, and temperature on the formation of well-ordered porous anodic aluminum oxide was studied. Results from high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy have shown that pore diameter increases with increasing potential, temperature, and anodization time. Optimal anodic aluminum oxide pore diameter and arrangement were obtained for samples anodized at 40 V, 30°C for 60 min.
Prévention des catastrophes naturelles : viser le long terme sans attendre
Authors: Grislain-Letrémy Céline , Villeneuve Bertrand 
Published: April 2015

L'urbanisation des zones exposées aux risques naturels est importante et ira croissant. L'analyse économique propose plusieurs outils pour maîtriser ce phénomène : une tarification de l'assurance ajustée au risque, et un zonage et des normes de construction dans les zones exposées. Ces deux outils sont théoriquement équivalents, mais leurs applications respectives soulèvent différentes difficultés, et les incitations financières ont été excessivement réduites en France. Dans les deux cas, une plus grande rigueur rencontrera des oppositions, car elle touchera plus spécifiquement certains lieux. Nous discutons cette difficile gestion de l'existant et expliquons que les droits du grand-père ou les expropriations ne peuvent être considérés comme des réponses durables. Classification JEL : H23, G22, R52, Q54.
Les racines cachées du Nouvel Âge
Authors: Verlinde Joseph-Marie 
Published: April 2015

S’affirmant au grand jour dans les années 60 et se diffusant très rapidement grâce à un important support médiatique, le Nouvel Âge — qui n’est pas aussi « nouveau » que son nom l’indique — s’enracine dans les courants de pensée qui prennent le relais du rationalisme au tournant du XIX e s. Philologie comparée, science des religions et philosophie romantique posent les jalons et définissent les grands thèmes de ce monisme, proposé dans un « habillage » emprunté aux traditions orientales. Ce néo-gnosticisme, qui s’est imposé progressivement comme nouveau paradigme culturel, constitue un des principaux défis posés au christianisme en ce début de millénaire.
Usage chrétien de la tradition orale juive : quelle déontologie ?
Authors: Durand Marie-Laure 
Published: April 2015

De plus en plus souvent, les théologiens chrétiens ont recours à des réflexions ou des propos empruntés aux écrits de la tradition orale juive, Midrash et Talmud. Souvent réalisé en toute sympathie et en toute innocence, un tel geste suppose une éthique appropriée qui tienne compte des enjeux théologiques et historiques inhérents à ce qui semble n’être qu’une simple citation. Estimer ces écrits, c’est avant tout prendre au sérieux l’altérité de la Tradition à laquelle ils appartiennent et dont ils témoignent : dans le respect de la pensée de l’autre, quelque chose se dit du respect de son identité.
Une lecture du document de la Commission théologique internationale :
Authors: Gonneaud Didier 
Published: April 2015

Après plus de dix ans de travail, la Commission théologique internationale vient de publier un dossier consacré au diaconat, dans le but de dresser un premier bilan de son évolution depuis sa restauration, et d’ouvrir quelques perspectives. L’axe majeur mis en avant par ce texte est l’affirmation de la sacramentalité du diaconat, comme présupposé implicite de la décision concrète de Vatican II rendant possible au plan local la restauration du diaconat permanent. En analysant les principaux points de cette affirmation, l’article cherche aussi à repérer les questions qui continuent à se poser. En particulier, comment approfondir le lien entre diaconat et Église locale ? Comment articuler le diaconat au sein du rapport entre Église et monde, de façon à mieux ressaisir la manière dont la pratique concrète des diacres dessine progressivement les contours originaux de leur ministère ?
Le corps de la présence réelle
Authors: Vidalin Antoine 
Published: April 2015

L’œuvre de Michel Henry, par son élucidation radicale de la phénoménalité dans l’auto-affection de la chair, qui ne se situe plus dans l’extériorité du monde mais dans la Vie invisible qui joint chaque vivant à soi, renouvelle de fond en comble certaines questions philosophiques telles que la vérité du christianisme et le corps. L’article cherche à honorer ces apports dans une réflexion théologique sur l’Eucharistie vue sous l’angle de la question de la présence réelle. Qu’est-ce qu’un corps ? Qu’est-ce que le corps du Christ historique ? Qu’est-ce que le corps eucharistique ? Qu’est-ce que la transsubstantiation ? Autant d’amorces d’une réflexion qui demandera à être poursuivie.
Entre théologie et droit canonique : l’ermite catholique face à l’obéissance
Authors: Bamberg Anne 
Published: April 2015

L’étude examine la question de l’obéissance de l’ermite, en insistant sur le cas de l’ermite qui a choisi de vivre, selon le canon 603 § 2 du code de droit canonique, « sous la conduite » de l’évêque diocésain. Ni l’obéissance que tout fidèle catholique doit au magistère, ni celle résultant des conseils évangéliques même formulés à l’intérieur d’un institut de vie consacrée, ne devraient empêcher l’ermite catholique d’avancer sur un chemin de très grande liberté dans la recherche de Dieu. Le cadre institutionnel prévu par le législateur universel s’avère suffisamment souple pour que des vocations tout à fait exceptionnelles puissent se vivre dans la pleine communion de l’Église.