bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The expression of a recombinant glycolate dehydrogenase polyprotein in potato (Solanum tuberosum) plastids strongly enhances photosynthesis and tuber yield
Authors: Nölke Greta , Houdelet Marcel , Kreuzaler Fritz , Peterhänsel Christoph , Schillberg Stefan 
Published: March 2014

SummaryWe have increased the productivity and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum) by developing a novel method to enhance photosynthetic carbon fixation based on expression of a polyprotein (DEFp) comprising all three subunits (D, E and F) of Escherichia coli glycolate dehydrogenase (GlcDH). The engineered polyprotein retained the functionality of the native GlcDH complex when expressed in E. coli and was able to complement mutants deficient for the D, E and F subunits. Transgenic plants accumulated DEFp in the plastids, and the recombinant protein was active in planta, reducing photorespiration and improving CO2 uptake with a significant impact on carbon metabolism. Transgenic lines with the highest DEFp levels and GlcDH activity produced significantly higher levels of glucose (5.8‐fold), fructose (3.8‐fold), sucrose (1.6‐fold) and transitory starch (threefold), resulting in a substantial increase in shoot and leaf biomass. The higher carbohydrate levels produced in potato leaves were utilized by the sink capacity of the tubers, increasing the tuber yield by 2.3‐fold. This novel approach therefore has the potential to increase the biomass and yield of diverse crops.
Intra‐hospital mortality among neonates transported by ambulance in Colombia
Authors: Alvarado‐Socarras Jorge , Bermon Anderson , Bernal Nancy , Naranjo‐Estupiñán Néstor F , Idrovo Alvaro J 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this study were to identify the main variables associated with intra‐hospital mortality among patients transferred to a specialized neonatal care center, and to evaluate agreement and accuracy of referring and admission diagnoses.MethodsA 6 month observational study was conducted to obtain clinical variables for intra‐hospital mortality among patients requiring interfacility transport. Association among variables was estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance. Agreement was evaluated between diagnosis before and after transfer using Cohen's kappa, sensitivity, specificity and Youden's I.ResultsThe study included 191 neonates, 12.57% of whom died. Increased mortality was associated with the Transport Risk Index of Physiologic Stability (TRIPS). The associated variables were as follows: TRIPS (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.08), weight 1500–2499 g (aPR, 0.08; 95%CI: 0.01–0.40), weight >2500 g (aPR, 0.56; 95%CI: 0.02–0.19), cardiopathy (aPR, 0.20 95%CI: 0.05–0.75), congenital defects (aPR, 4.59; 95%CI: 0.97–21.82) and renal failure (aPR, 3.69; 95%CI: 1.26–10.78). Diagnosis remained unchanged for 71.15% of the neonates. The greatest differences were hyaline membrane disease (49.4%) followed by transient tachypnea (59.9%). Youden's I for referral diagnosis was 0.22 for transient tachypnea, 0.66–0.69 for cardiopathy, esophageal atresia and pneumonia, 0.72–0.74 for hyaline membrane disease and pulmonary hypertension, and >0.90 for the remaining diagnoses.ConclusionsWeight <1500 g, renal failure, congenital defects (except congenital cardiopathies) and high TRIPS were associated with a higher risk of intra‐hospital mortality. The findings suggest that improving transfer time and quality of care in ambulances would decrease mortality.
Introspection as a Game of Make‐Believe
Authors: Barz Wolfgang 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe aim of this article is to provide an account of introspective knowledge concerning visual experiences that is in accordance with the idea of transparent introspection. According to transparent introspection, a person gains knowledge of her own current mental state M solely by paying attention to those aspects of the external world which M is about. In my view, transparent introspection is a promising alternative to inner sense theories. However, it raises the fundamental question why a person who pays attention to something extra‐mental should be epistemically justified in holding a belief about something intra‐mental. In his Naturalizing the Mind, Fred Dretske solves this problem by conceiving of introspection concerning visual experiences as an inference based on a connecting belief. Although Dretske's account proves defective upon closer inspection, its essence can be salvaged by looking upon introspection as being a game of make‐believe.
The heritability of metabolite concentrations in stored human red blood cells
Authors: van 't Erve Thomas J. , Wagner Brett A. , Martin Sean M. , Knudson C. Michael , Blendowski Robyn , Keaton Mignon , Holt Tracy , Hess John R. , Buettner Garry R. , Ryckman Kelli K. , Darbro Benjamin W. , Murray Jeffrey C. , Raife Thomas J. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundThe degeneration of red blood cells (RBCs) during storage is a major issue in transfusion medicine. Family studies in the 1960s established the heritability of the RBC storage lesion based on poststorage adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations. However, this critical discovery has not been further explored. In a classic twin study we confirmed the heritability of poststorage ATP concentrations and established the heritability of many other RBC metabolites.Study Design and MethodsATP concentrations and metabolomic profiles were analyzed in RBC samples from 18 twin pairs. On samples stored for 28 days, the heritability of poststorage ATP concentrations were 64 and 53% in CP2D‐ and AS‐3–stored RBCs, respectively.ResultsMetabolomic analyses identified 87 metabolites with an estimated heritability of 20% or greater. Thirty‐six metabolites were significantly correlated with ATP concentrations (p ≤ 0.05) and 16 correlated with borderline significance (0.05 ≤ p ≤ 0.10). Of the 52 metabolites that correlated significantly with ATP, 24 demonstrated 20% or more heritability. Pathways represented by heritable metabolites included glycolysis, membrane remodeling, redox homeostasis, and synthetic and degradation pathways.ConclusionWe conclude that many RBC metabolite concentrations are genetically influenced during storage. Future studies of key metabolic pathways and genetic modifiers of RBC storage could lead to major advances in RBC storage and transfusion therapy.
The -parity conjecture for abelian varieties over function fields of characteristic
Authors: Trihan Fabien , Yasuda Seidai 
Published: March 2014

AbstractLet$A/K$be an abelian variety over a function field of characteristic$p>0$and let$\ell $be a prime number ($\ell =p$allowed). We prove the following: the parity of the corank$r_\ell $of the$\ell $-discrete Selmer group of$A/K$coincides with the parity of the order at$s=1$of the Hasse–Weil$L$-function of$A/K$. We also prove the analogous parity result for pure$\ell $-adic sheaves endowed with a nice pairing and in particular for the congruence Zeta function of a projective smooth variety over a finite field. Finally, we prove that the full Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture is equivalent to the Artin–Tate conjecture.
Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma hyorhinis Strain DBS 1050
Authors: Dabrazhynetskaya Alena , Soika Valerii , Volokhov Dmitriy , Simonyan Vahan , Chizhikov Vladimir 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma hyorhinis
is known as one of the most prevalent contaminants of mammalian cell and tissue cultures worldwide. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of the fastidious
M. hyorhinis
strain DBS 1050.
Prevalence and types of hyponatraemia, its relationship with hyperglycaemia and mortality in ill pet rabbits
Authors: Bonvehi C. , Ardiaca M. , Barrera S. , Cuesta M. , Montesinos A. 
Published: March 2014

Prevalence of hyponatraemia has not been extensively studied in pet rabbits, and the reference data for calculated plasma tonicity and osmolarity are not available. This retrospective clinical study reports the prevalence of hyponatraemia, hyposmolarity and hypotonicity in ill pet rabbits (n=356). The relationship between sodium and glucose levels was studied (n=134). Mortality rates within seven days associated with different sodium levels were calculated in ill rabbits (n=322). Venous blood samples in lithium heparin were processed using iStat EC8+ cartridges. The 95% RI for plasma sodium, calculated osmolarity and tonicity from 51 healthy pet rabbits were 136–147 mEq/l, 284–312 mOsm/l and 278–302 mOsm/l, respectively. The prevalence of hyponatraemia, hypotonicity and hyposmolarity was 39.0 per cent, 28.7 per cent and 18.0 per cent, respectively. Pseudohyponatraemia was present in 28.1 per cent and true hyponatraemia was present in 71.9 per cent of the cases of hyponatraemia. Sodium levels less than 129 mEq/l were found to be associated with 2.3‐fold increase in mortality risk. Plasmatic sodium levels in rabbits decrease in conditions of hyperglycaemia in a similar manner as it occurs in human beings. As hyperglycaemia is quite a common condition in rabbits, simultaneous measurement of plasmatic sodium along with glucose in ill rabbits is advised. Hyponatraemia is a common condition in ill rabbits and, depending on its type (true hyponatraemia or pseudohyponatraemia), of varying clinical relevance. Calculation of plasmatic tonicity is necessary for differentiation of types of hyponatraemia.
Future Directions for Postdoctoral Training in Cancer Prevention: Insights from a Panel of Experts
Authors: Nelson David E. , Faupel-Badger Jessica , Phillips Siobhan , Belcher Britni , Chang Shine , Abrams David B. , Kramer Barnett S. , White Mary C. , O'Malley Michael , Varanasi Arti P. , Fabian Carol J. , Wiest Jonathan S. , Colditz Graham A. , Hall Kara , Shields Peter G. , Weitzel Jeffrey N. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Cancer prevention postdoctoral fellowships have existed since the 1970s. The National Cancer Institute facilitated a meeting by a panel of experts in April 2013 to consider four important topics for future directions for cancer prevention postdoctoral training programs: (i) future research needs; (ii) underrepresented disciplines; (iii) curriculum; and (iv) career preparation. Panelists proffered several areas needing more research or emphasis, ranging from computational science to culture. Health care providers, along with persons from nontraditional disciplines in scientific training programs such as engineers and lawyers, were among those recognized as being underrepresented in training programs. Curriculum suggestions were that fellows receive training in topics such as leadership and human relations, in addition to learning the principles of epidemiology, cancer biologic mechanisms, and behavioral science. For career preparation, there was a clear recognition of the diversity of employment options available besides academic positions, and that program leaders should do more to help fellows identify and prepare for different career paths. The major topics and strategies covered at this meeting can help form the basis for cancer prevention training program leaders to consider modifications or new directions, and keep them updated with the changing scientific and employment climate for doctoral degree recipients and postdoctoral fellows. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(4); 679–83. ©2014 AACR.
Improving the Diagnostic Accuracy of a Stratified Screening Strategy by Identifying the Optimal Risk Cutoff
Authors: Brinton JT , Hendrick RE , Ringham BM , Glueck DH 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
We give a novel decision-theoretic approach for finding the optimal risk cutoff for additional breast cancer screening for women who have a high model-predicted risk of breast cancer. Methods: The American Cancer Society (ACS) suggests a stratified screening strategy for breast cancer. The strategy includes assessing women's risk of breast cancer using a risk model, screening women at high risk of breast cancer with both contrast-enhanced breast MRI and mammography, while screening women at low risk of breast cancer with mammography alone. The ACS used expert consensus opinion to choose the risk cutoff for additional screening. Instead, we suggest a risk cutoff chosen to maximize the full area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the strategy. We use three inputs to find the cutoff, including: 1) the distribution of five-year breast cancer risk scores, 2) the probability of breast cancer given the risk score, and 3) the diagnostic accuracies of digital mammography, and contrast-enhanced screening breast MRI. No data were publicly available for testing the performance of stratified screening strategies based on the ACS suggested risk models. Instead, we used publicly available Breast Cancer Screening Consortium (BCSC) risk data to seek an optimal risk cutoff. A previous study suggests that the BCSC risk model has similar predictive accuracy as the Tyrer-Cuzick and Claus models. For comparison, we used a hypothetical risk model with much better predictive accuracy than the BCSC model. Results: For the BCSC risk model, the strategy with the highest diagnostic accuracy for the entire population is to screen almost all women with both digital mammography and contrast- enhanced breast MRI. Under the strategy based on the hypothetical risk model, only women at 18% or higher five-year risk would receive dual modality screening. Conclusion: The results occur because the BCSC risk model does not accurately predict which women will or will not develop breast cancer. However, if there were a more accurate risk model, a stratified screening strategy would offer benefits for the entire population by balancing the harms of breast cancer screening with the potential for improved breast cancer detection.
Fuzzy logic control for mobile service systems with limited resources
Authors: Othman F , Parkin R M 
Published: March 2014

It is common to control systems or plants through changing the values of their inputs in continuous or small discrete steps to achieve gradual change of the performance of the plant under control. However, when changing the inputs can only be achieved in large discrete values, problems arise on achieving stability of the plant under control as such large discrete changes in inputs cause large overshoots and oscillation at the outputs. More difficulties arise when multiple plants are competing simultaneously for limited resources of such large discrete values. This paper describes an approach for controlling such plants. The case study presented is to control a proposed system of mobile service units (MSUs) to be used in a mega-event, the Hajj, where different locations/zones will be competing simultaneously for a limited number of MSUs in order to provide adequate services for their continuously changing number of visitors. These MSUs are of high discrete values such that their provision or removal generates a significant change in the performance of the system. Fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs), representing each zone, are developed for issuing requests for MSUs based on their local situations. These requests are evaluated by the control centre using other sets of FLCs to consider global situations. An algorithm is used to respond to these evaluated requests according to their relative importance and issues orders to MSUs to move to the right zone at the right time to provide the appropriate amount of service for the existing number of visitors or what can be called ‘just-in-time MSUs’ (JIT-MSUs). Simulation results show that such a system can be controlled using the approach suggested by this paper and the response of the system varies with the values of its discrete inputs. Some conclusions and recommendations are drawn for the appropriate discrete input values and their control settings. The procedure for evaluating the different simulation runs for the different control settings is also presented.
Tyrosine kinase 2 promotes sepsis-associated lethality by facilitating production of interleukin-27
Authors: Bosmann Markus , Strobl Birgit , Kichler Nadia , Rigler Doris , Grailer Jamison J , Pache Florence , Murray Peter J , Müller Mathias , Ward Peter A 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that gene expression and release of IL-27 may be modulated by Tyk2. Macrophages derived from the peritoneum or bone marrow of C57BL/10SnJ (WT) mice produced abundant amounts of IL-27(p28) following TLR4 activation by LPS. In contrast, production of IL-27(p28), but not EBI3, was reduced by ∼50% in TLR4-activated macrophages derived from mice with genetic deficiency of Tyk2 compared with WT macrophages. Frequencies of IL-27(p28)+F4/80+CD11b+ cells were lower in TLR4-activated macrophages derived from Tyk2−/− mice. Mechanistically, Tyk2−/− resulted in disruption of a type I IFN-dependent mechanism for production of IL-27(p28), which was induced by type I IFNs, and release of IL-27 was defective in macrophages from IFN-β−/− and IFNAR1−/− mice. In contrast, Tyk2 was not required to mediate the effects of IL-27 on target gene expression in CD4+ T cells. In vivo, we observed that Tyk2−/− mice have improved survival following endotoxic shock or polymicrobial sepsis induced by CLP. Plasma levels of IL-27(p28) during endotoxic shock or polymicrobial sepsis were markedly reduced in Tyk2−/− mice compared with WT mice. Disruption of IL-27 signaling using IL-27RA−/− mice was protective against sepsis-associated mortality. These data suggest that Tyk2 may mediate adverse outcomes of SIRS by promoting the production of IL-27. In conclusion, this report identifies Tyk2 as a prerequisite factor in the molecular networks that are involved in generation of IL-27.
A New, Efficient, and Catalyst-free Microwave-assisted Approach for Formation of O-tert-Butoxy Carbonates
Authors: K’tir Hacène , Amira Aïcha , Berredjem Malika , Aouf Nour-Eddine 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A new simple, efficient, greener, and catalyst-free chemoselective protocol for the O-tert-butoxycarbonylation of various structurally diverse hydroxy compounds was carried out with (Boc)2O under microwave radiation. The corresponding O-tert-butoxy carbonates were obtained in good to excellent yields in a short reaction time without any side reactions.
Prospects of Cluster Development in the Russian Regions
Authors: Егоров  , YEgorov Vasiliy 
Published: March 2014

The paper attempts to identify and describe issues of regional cluster policy elaboration and implementation
in Russia. Yet this is unfeasible due to the lack of established understanding of cluster structure, role and
value of clusters in economic and territorial administering, and of a regulatory framework for regional and
inter-regional development and setting up of territorial jurisdiction boundaries as well as of support to clusters
as a whole and to member organizations and enterprises on the part of state and regional authorities.
Solution of the above mentioned problems has the scientific novelty and practical value.
Iterativ Lernende Regelung einer Kunststoff-Spritzgießmaschine
Authors: Dorner Dominik , Radermacher Tobias , Wagner Bernhard , Weber Jürgen 
Published: March 2014

Zusammenfassung
Iterativ lernende Regelungen (ILR) finden in wiederkehrend
zyklischen Prozessen mit festen Solltrajektorien Anwendung. Die
Prozesse des Schließens der Werkzeugform und der plastischen
Werkzeugfüllung in einer Kunststoff-Spritzgießmaschine (KSGM)
besitzen diese Eigenschaften. Dabei haben beide Prozesse
charakteristische Herausforderungen, die den Einsatz einer ILR mit
entsprechend angepasstem Gütemaß ermöglichen. Im vorliegenden
Artikel wird jeweils eine Norm-optimale ILR für jeden Prozess
vorgestellt und an einer realen KSGM validiert. Es konnten
signifikante Verbesserungen in der Genauigkeit und der
Wiederholbarkeit des Prozesses erreicht werden.
Ultraproducts, QWEP von Neumann algebras,
and the Effros–Maréchal topology
Authors: Ando Hiroshi , Haagerup Uffe , Winsløw Carl 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Based on the analysis on the Ocneanu/Groh–Raynaud ultraproducts and the Effros–Maréchal topology on the space

vN
(
H
)

${\mathrm {vN}(H)}$

of von Neumann algebras acting on a separable Hilbert space H, we show that for a von Neumann algebra

M
∈
vN
(
H
)

${M\in \mathrm {vN}(H)}$

, the following conditions are equivalent:
(1) M has the Kirchberg's quotient weak expectation property (QWEP). (2) M is in the closure of the set

ℱ
inj

${\mathcal {F}_{\rm inj}}$

of injective factors on H with respect to the Effros–Maréchal topology. (3) M admits an embedding i into the Ocneanu ultrapower

R

∞

ω

${R_{\infty }^{\omega }}$

of the injective

III
1

${\mathrm {III}_1}$

factor R
∞ with a normal faithful conditional expectation

ε
:

R

∞

ω

→
i

(
M
)

${\varepsilon \colon R_{\infty }^{\omega }\rightarrow i(M)}$

. (4) For every

ε
>
0

${\varepsilon &gt;0}$

, n ∈ ℕ and

ξ
1

,
...
,

ξ
n

∈

𝒫
M
♮

${\xi _1,\ldots ,\xi _n\in \mathcal {P}_M^{\natural }}$

, there are k ∈ ℕ and

a
1

,
...
,

a
n

∈

M
k

(
ℂ
)

+

${a_1,\ldots ,a_n\in M_k(\mathbb {C})_+}$

such that

|

〈

ξ
i

,

ξ
j

〉

-

tr
k

(

a
i

a
j

)

|
<
ε

${|\langle \xi _i,\xi _j\rangle -\operatorname{tr}_k(a_ia_j)|&lt;\varepsilon }$

(

1
≤
i
,
j
≤
n

${1\le i,j\le n}$

) holds, where

tr
k

${\operatorname{tr}_k}$

is the tracial state on

M
k

(
ℂ
)

${M_k(\mathbb {C})}$

, and

𝒫
M
♮

${\mathcal {P}_M^{\natural }}$

is the natural cone in the standard form of M.
Analysis of Equilibrium Shifting by Inter-Stage Reactant Feeding in a Series of Isothermal Reactors
Authors: Allain Florent , Portha Jean-François , Falk Laurent 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This paper focuses on the impact of reactant staging on conversion for one single reversible reaction in a two-stage, isothermal, continuous reactor. The analytical expression of global conversion has been derived for a series of two continuously stirred-tank reactors. Improvements in the overall conversion and yield by staging can be obtained for low Damköhler number systems leading to low conversions, when the volumetric flow rate of the staged reactant has a higher value than that of the other one. The example of triolein transesterification involving three reversible reactions in a two-stage plug flow reactor is also studied as a concrete example of a consecutive/parallel reversible reactions system. Results are obtained by using a pseudo-homogeneous model and are compared with those obtained with a heterogeneous model from a previous study.
Genetic Optimization of Energy Consumption of Pellet Shaft Furnace Combustor Based on Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Authors: Chen Xi , Zhong Wenqi , Wang Tiancai , Liu Fei , Zhang Zhi 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Investigation on optimization of pellet shaft furnace based on the combination of genetic algorithm and support vector machine (SVM) is carried out. A SVM classifier model is developed to map the complex nonlinear relationship between operating parameters and the quality indexes of fired pellet, and a genetic algorithm is adapted in the energy optimization with the fitness function based on the SVM classifier model. This method can reduce the energy consumption while maintaining the fired pellet quality stable. The results show that the accuracy of the SVM classifier model is satisfied and the gas consumption can be reduced by 4% per ton of green pellets with this optimization method.