bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scientific production in sexual and reproductive health and rights research according to gender and affiliation: An analysis of publications from 1972 to 2021
Authors: Oliveira-Ciabati Livia , Thorson Anna , Brizuela Vanessa 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Peer-reviewed literature is commonly used to assess academic progress and research excellency. However, representation in authorship of global health publications is biased and unfair. In order to shed light on current gaps towards attaining gender equality in scientific production and shift power asymmetries in global health research, we conducted an assessment of authorship trends from 1972 to 2021 with a focus on gender and geographic representation in scientific articles authored or co-authored by researchers affiliated with UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP).

Methods
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and HRP public reports for publications where at least one author was affiliated with HRP. Our main outcome measures were author gender and location of author affiliation, classified by region and country income group. We used descriptive statistics to characterize the publications under analysis as well as the total number of authors from the included papers. We applied a logistic regression model to explore associations between author gender and other characteristics of published articles and a time series analysis to assess how time can influence the inclusion of women as authors in a publication. Python and R were used for all analyses.

Results
A total of 1,484 publications with 14,424 listed authors representing 5,950 unique authors were included in our analysis: 42.5% were female, 35.1% male, and 22.4% unknown (p<0.0001). First authorship was more likely female (56.9%) and from a high-income country (74.6%, p<0.0001) while last authorship was mostly male (53.7%) also from a high-income country (82.5%, p<0.0001). Females more frequently published papers using qualitative data (61.4%) and reviews/estimates (59.4%) while men published more case control (70.7%) and randomised controlled studies (53.0%), p<0.0001. The adjusted odds of there being a female author increased 4% for every additional year that passed.

Conclusion
While there are more females authoring articles as compared to the past, they are still lagging behind with regards to seniority and prestige. Likewise, female representation is closely tied to what institution they are affiliated with and where that institution is located. Global health research institutions need to actively promote change by ensuring women are included in research and research outputs, giving them opportunities to lead.
The contribution of birth plans to shared decision-making from the perspectives of women, their partners and their healthcare providers
Authors: Shareef Naaz , Said Poshya , Lamers Silke , Nieuwenhuijze Marianne , de Vries Marieke , van Dillen Jeroen 
Published: June 2024

Background
The birth plan is a document expressing a pregnant woman’s childbirth preferences, enabling communication of expectations and facilitating discussions among women, their partners, and healthcare providers for key birthing decisions. There has been limited research on the role of birth plans in shared decision-making (SDM). Our study aims to explore how the use of birth plans can contribute to SDM from women’s, partners, and healthcare providers’ perspectives.

Methods
We conducted in-depth interviews with women, their partners, and their healthcare providers. We used a thematic analysis to identify themes and subthemes. Furthermore, we created a grounded theory about the role of birth plans as a tool in SDM.

Results
Three main themes were created: ‘‘Creating a birth plan”, ‘‘Getting all on board” and ‘‘Birth plans in the daily practice of decision-making”. Most women, partners, and healthcare providers agreed that birth plans can facilitate communication and SDM. Women and their partners viewed the birth plan as a tool to prepare for birth. Most healthcare providers mentioned the birth plan as a tool to get to know the women, their partners, and their preferences. Barriers are the attitude of healthcare providers toward birth plans, such as their evident resistance to the birth plan itself or to certain preferences. Another barrier is the assumption women and their partners may have that these plans can accurately predict the childbirth experience, enhancing the chance of a disappointing, negative experience. Some healthcare providers view birth plans as barriers to SDM.

Conclusion
The use of a birth plan seems to promote women’s, partners’, and healthcare providers’ involvement in the birth process, and seems suitable to facilitate SDM. Further research is required to explore strategies for overcoming barriers, including healthcare providers’ attitudes toward birth plans and the expectations of women and their partners regarding their role.
Elastic Damage Healing Model Coupling Secondary Damage Variable for Self Healing Materials
Authors: Subramanian Harini , Mulay Shantanu S 
Published: June 2024

A one-dimensional constitutive model, based on the principles of continuum damage mechanics, is developed for capturing healing in certain materials during unloading and rest periods. A secondary damage variable is defined to address the drawback of existing models for damage and healing in capturing the complete material failure. An energy-based damage evolution function is adopted for primary and secondary damage variables, and phenomenological healing evolution is defined. The proposed implicit elastic damage-healing model is implemented by the return-mapping technique, and the model response is demonstrated for different loading histories.
Strukturgerechte Verkehrsbedienung – eine Aufgabe der Raumordnungs- und Umweltpolitik
Authors: Neidhardt Jochen 
Published: June 2024

Der öffentliche Personennahverkehr (ÖPNV) in der Fläche ist allgemein gekennzeichnet durch rückläufige Fahrgastzahlen und Angebotseinschränkungen. Gleichzeitig nimmt der Pkw-Verkehr und die damit verbundene Umweltbelastung weiter zu.Am Beispiel des Nahverkehrsmodells Hohenlohekreis (NVH), das inzwischen in den Dauerbetrieb übergegangen ist, werden Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, dieser Tendenz wirksam zu begegnen. Grundprinzipien des NVH sind die Umgestaltung des Liniennetzes und der Verkehrsbedienung nach raumordnerischen Kriterien, die vollständige Integration des Schülerverkehrs in den allgemeinen Linienverkehr und die Übernahme einer politischen und finanziellen Gesamtverantwortung des Landkreises für den ÖPNV. Das Ergebnis des NVH ist nach vier Jahren Erprobung eine Verdoppelung des Verkehrsangebotes im allgemeinen Linienverkehr und ein Kostendeckungsgrad von rd. 95 %.Als Perspektive einer umweltorientierten Nahverkehrsplanung wird die Idee eines Verbundes der umweltverträglichen Verkehrsarten skizziert. Um diesen „Umweltverbund“ von Fußgängerverkehr, Radverkehr und öffentlichem Personennahverkehr zu realisieren, wären drei unterschiedliche Modellansätze zu verknüpfen, die weitgehend unabhängig voneinander verfolgt worden sind: die ÖPNV Modelle im Rahmen des Forschungsprogramms Stadtverkehr des Bundesministers für Verkehr, das Modellvorhaben „Fahrradfreundliche Stadt“ des Umweltbundesamtes und das Modellvorhaben „Flächenhafte Verkehrsberuhigung“ des Umweltbundesamtes, der Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landeskunde und Raumordnung und der Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen.Folgerungen aus einem Forschungsvorhaben der Kommunalentwicklung Baden-Württemberg GmbH Stuttgart „Strukturgerechte Verkehrsbedienung im ÖPNV – Planungs- und Entwicklungsansätze in acht Landkreisen Baden-Württembergs unter Berücksichtigung einer stärkeren Regionalisierung und Effizienzsteigerung des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs“, F 324.
Aufgabenteilung in der regionalen Wirtschaftsförderung
Authors: Fleckenstein Kurt 
Published: June 2024

Seit Mitte 1984 denken Wissenschaftler, die zuständigen Ressorts in Bund und Ländern sowie politische Gremien verstärkt darüber nach, ob und wie das in der Bundesrepublik bestehende System der Regionalförderung reformiert werden kann. Dieser Denk- und Diskussionsprozeß soll 1985/86 mit Entscheidungen abgeschlossen werden.In dem nachstehenden Beitrag werden die vorliegenden regionalpolitischen Änderungsvorschläge kritisch bewertet und – unter Berücksichtigung der von der EG betriebenen Regional- und Wettbewerbspolitik – eigene Reformvorstellungen dargestellt.
Effects of 2 months of methylphenidate on energy expenditure in individuals with obesity: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled pilot study
Authors: McInnis Kurt , Doucet Éric , Hafizi Kaamel , El Amine Fatmé , Heidinger Brandon , Cameron Jameason D. , BaniFatemi Shakibasadat , Robaey Philippe , Vaillancourt Régis , Goldfield Gary S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMethylphenidate (MPH) has been previously shown to increase resting energy expenditure (REE) in individuals of normal weight; however, the effects on individuals living with obesity are currently unknown. Ten individuals living with obesity were randomly assigned to undergo 60 days of MPH administration with a daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight or a placebo control. REE was measured before and after the 60‐day intervention. There was a trend toward significance for group × time interaction on REE (p = 0.082) with a large effect size (η2 = 0.331), with MPH administration increasing REE compared to a decrease in placebo control. Preliminary findings from this pilot study show that MPH has the potential to counter the adaptive thermogenic process commonly seen in weight loss. This is a unique finding among pharmacotherapies, as no approved obesity drugs measurably impact REE.
Comprehensive phytochemical and toxicological analysis of Chenopodium ambrosioides (L.) fractions
Authors: Drioua Soufiane , Ameggouz Mouna , Assouguem Amine , Kara Mohammed , Ullah Riaz , Bari Ahmed , Lahlali Rachid , Fidan Hafize , El-Guourrami Otman , Benkhouili Fatima Zahra , Maamar Yagoubi , Benzeid Hanane , Doukkali Anass 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Chenopodium ambrosioides aerial parts have been historically employed in traditional medicine for addressing various ailments such as headaches, abdominal discomfort, joint issues, and respiratory disorders, alongside treatments for lice and warts. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive phytochemical analysis of C. ambrosioides and assess the acute and subacute toxicity of oral treatments using fractions in preclinical trials. Spectrophotometric analysis via LC–MS/MS was used to characterize the plant’s chemical composition. Acute toxicity evaluation followed Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development code 42 guidelines, conducted on adult male and female Wistar strain mice. Subsequently, Swiss mice were divided into six groups for the subacute toxicity study, receiving oral doses of 200 mg/kg extracts and fractions for 28 days. Daily observations and biochemical analyses were performed, with LC–MS/MS revealing a diverse array of compounds including organic acids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, rutin, hesperidin, nicotiflorine, and fumaric acid. Results indicated no lethality or alterations in body weight in treated groups, though some organ weight changes were noted. Biochemical analyses demonstrated values within the normal range for all groups, suggesting that the treatments did not induce adverse effects. Acute and subacute treatments with fractions did not result in lethality or toxic alterations at therapeutic doses, implying the safety of the product at appropriate levels. This study underscores the potential of C. ambrosioides as a safe therapeutic option warranting further exploration.
Anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of nanoemulsions based on water-in-olive oil and loaded on biogenic silver nanoparticles
Authors: Hamouda Ragaa A. , Eshmawi Bayan A. , Saddiq Amna A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nanoemulsions (NEMs) are more stable and permeable than regular emulsions because of their increased surface area and smaller particle sizes, which are stabilized by emulsifiers and consist of nanometer-sized droplets. Utilization of an olive oil nanoemulsion (NEM-olive oil) loaded with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) derived from marine alga Turbinaria turbinata may be effective against microorganisms and cancer cell lines. NEM-olive oil was made by mixing olive oil, surfactant (Span:Tween (28:72)), and D water (1:4:5). The marine alga Turbinaria turbinata was used for the synthesis of Ag-NPs (Tu-Ag-NPs), and combined with NEM-olive oil (1:1) to synthesize Ag-NPs loaded in olive oil–water nanoemulsion (Ag/NEM-olive oil). Transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the nanoparticles. Both NEM-olive oil and Ag/NEM-olive oil nanoparticles showed a negative surface charge and small diameter. The major components of NEM-olive oil are dodecanoic acid, 2-penten-1-yl ester, 9-octadecenoic acid, and oleic acid. All tested nanoparticles exhibited anticancer activity against the CACO-2 cell line and Hep G2, and antimicrobial activities against E. faecalis, S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans. The present research suggested that olive oil NEM loaded with marine algae Ag-NPs can be a safe and economical anticancer, antimicrobial, and drug delivery.
Finite groups with a small proportion of vanishing elements
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Zeng Yu , Dolfi Silvio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Let 𝐺 be a finite group and let

P
v

⁢

(
G
)

\mathrm{P}_{\mathbf{v}}(G)

be the proportion of elements

g
∈
G

g\in G

such that

χ
⁢

(
g
)

=
0

\chi(g)=0

for some irreducible character 𝜒.
In a recent paper, we proved that if

P
v

⁢

(
G
)

<

P
v

⁢

(

A
7

)

\mathrm{P}_{\mathbf{v}}(G)<\mathrm{P}_{\mathbf{v}}(A_{7})

, then

P
v

⁢

(
G
)

=

(

m
−
1

)

/
m

\mathrm{P}_{\mathbf{v}}(G)=(m-1)/m

for some

1
≤
m
≤
6

1\leq m\leq 6

.
Here we classify all the finite groups 𝐺 such that

P
v

⁢

(
G
)

=

(

m
−
1

)

/
m

\mathrm{P}_{\mathbf{v}}(G)=(m-1)/m

and

m
=

1
,
2
,
…
,
6

m=1,2,\ldots,6

.
On the common transversal probability
Authors: Aivazidis Stefanos , Loukaki Maria , Müller Thomas W. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Let 𝐺 be a finite group, and let 𝐻 be a subgroup of 𝐺.
We compute the probability, denoted by

P
G

⁢

(
H
)

P_{G}(H)

, that a left transversal of 𝐻 in 𝐺 is also a right transversal, thus a two-sided one.
Moreover, we define, and denote by

tp
⁡

(
G
)

\operatorname{tp}(G)

, the common transversal probability of 𝐺 to be the minimum, taken over all subgroups 𝐻 of 𝐺, of

P
G

⁢

(
H
)

P_{G}(H)

.
We prove a number of results regarding the invariant

tp
⁡

(
G
)

\operatorname{tp}(G)

, like lower and upper bounds, and possible values it can attain.
We also show that

tp
⁡

(
G
)

\operatorname{tp}(G)

determines structural properties of 𝐺.
Finally, several open problems are formulated and discussed.
Reproductive genetic carrier screening in pregnancy: improving health outcomes and expanding access
Authors: Mei Jenny Y. , Platt Lawrence D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Reproductive genetic carrier screening (RGCS) serves to screen couples for their risk of having children affected by monogenic conditions. The included conditions are mostly autosomal recessive or X-linked with infantile or early-childhood onset. Cystic fibrosis, spinal muscular atrophy, and hemoglobinopathies are now recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) for universal screening. Recommendations for further RGCS remain ethnicity based. The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the National Society of Genetic Counselors in recent years have recommended universal expanded-panel RGCS and moving towards a more equitable approach. ACOG guidelines state that offering RGCS is an acceptable option, however it has not provided clear guidance on standard of care. Positive results on RGCS can significantly impact reproductive plans for couples, including pursuing in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing, prenatal genetic testing, specific fetal or neonatal treatment, or adoption. RGCS is a superior approach compared to ethnicity-based carrier screening and moves away from single race-based medical practice. We urge the obstetrics and gynecology societies to adopt the guidelines for RGCS put forward by multiple societies and help reduce systemic inequalities in medicine in our new genetic age. Having national societies such as ACOG and the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine officially recommend and endorse RGCS would bolster insurance coverage and financial support by employers for RGCS. The future of comprehensive reproductive care in the age of genomic medicine entails expanding access so patients and families can make the reproductive options that best fit their needs.
How to increase freeze-substitution and electron microscopy embedding reliability
Authors: Heiligenstein Xavier , Kodera Chie , Belle Martin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Freeze substitution is a crucial technique in electron microscopy, enabling the preservation of biological specimen ultrastructure. However, existing tools are primarily designed for 3 mm carriers, limiting their compatibility with larger carriers such as CryoCapsules or 6 mm carriers. In this study, we developed a novel freeze substitution tool, simply named the FS-basket, to address the challenges associated with embedding samples vitrified in larger carriers. The tool comprises a mesh with pore sizes smaller than the sample chunks, deposited below the carrier to maintain a tight seal while allowing for easy fluid exchange.
The 4Ps Marketing Strategy as a Driver of Dynamic Capabilities: Path to Consumer/Voter Satisfaction
Authors: Antoniades Nicos , Buoye Alexander 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Despite the importance of the 4Ps of Marketing in an organization’s growth strategy, limited research was found to examine the 4Ps’ impact on a politician’s capabilities and consumer/voter satisfaction. On the contrary, much attention has been given to the resource-based view tool (RBV); a tool that utilizes a firm’s valuable resources and dynamic capabilities to strengthen performance and achieve customer satisfaction. Via an online questionnaire, this research collected data from U.S. elected politicians. Using principal components regression, the researchers aim to apply specific dynamic capabilities in politics via the 4Ps Marketing Strategy. Important implications are drawn from this study, and suggestions for future studies are provided.
Synergistic Effect of Gentamicin and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on phzM Gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Ahmed M.E. , Abdul Muhsin Z.A. 
Published: June 2024

The increased use of iron-containing nanoparticles and green synthesis nanoparticles is beneficial and less harmful to the environment and human health. Working antimicrobial peptide functions by inhibiting the virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is the essential mechanism of drug resistance by possessing an efflux pump important virulent factor. The main aim of the research was to study the effects of synergistic action of gentamicin (GNT) and iron nanoparticles (IONps) to solve the problem of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa. Methods. The isolation and identification of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa from burns and wound infections were carried out using the VITEK 2 system, and the phzM genes were detected in all the strains. The effectiveness of IONps and their role in reducing phzM gene expression were investigated. Results. The characterization of IONps biologically manufactured using a wavelength spectrum UV-vis spectrophotometer (maximum peak at 600 nm) and tests of atomic force microscopy showed that their diameter reached 34 nm. An electron microscope examination revealed that the produced particles were spherical, indicating good homogeneity and quality of the IONps. The results showed significant down-regulation changes in phzM expression after treatment with GNT and IONps. The result of qRT-PCR in this study revealed that the fold change in the expression of the phzM gene was downregulated in response to the IONps (8µg/mL) + GNT (16µg/mL) combination. Conclusions. One of the justifications for using P. aeruginosa in preparing IONps is that this bacteria needs iron as a growth promoter, which helps in the formation of IONps. The inhibitory effect on the efflux pump gene expression may represent a potential strategy for controlling P. aeruginosa infections.
Pediatric Surgical Opioid Prescribing by Procedure, 2020–2021
Authors: Chua Kao-Ping , Brummett Chad M. , Kelley-Quon Lorraine I. , Bicket Mark C. , Gunaseelan Vidhya , Waljee Jennifer F. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESSurgery is one of the most common indications for opioid prescribing to pediatric patients. We identified which procedures account for the most pediatric surgical opioid prescribing.METHODSWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of commercial and Medicaid claims in the Merative MarketScan Commercial and Multi-State Medicaid Databases. Analyses included surgical procedures for patients aged 0 to 21 years from December 1, 2020, to November 30, 2021. Procedures were identified using a novel crosswalk between 3664 procedure codes and 1082 procedure types. For each procedure type in the crosswalk, we calculated the total amount of opioids in prescriptions dispensed within 3 days of discharge from surgery, as measured in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs). We then calculated the share of all MMEs accounted for by each procedure type. We conducted analyses separately among patients aged 0 to 11 and 12 to 21 years.RESULTSAmong 107 597 procedures for patients aged 0 to 11 years, the top 3 procedures accounted for 59.1% of MMEs in opioid prescriptions dispensed after surgery: Tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy (50.3%), open treatment of upper extremity fracture (5.3%), and removal of deep implants (3.5%). Among 111 406 procedures for patients aged 12 to 21 years, the top 3 procedures accounted for 33.1% of MMEs: Tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy (12.7%), knee arthroscopy (12.6%), and cesarean delivery (7.8%).CONCLUSIONSPediatric surgical opioid prescribing is concentrated among a small number of procedures. Targeting these procedures in opioid stewardship initiatives could help minimize the risks of opioid prescribing while maintaining effective postoperative pain control.
Análisis entrópico y fractal de la distribución espacial de la sismicidad en un sector de Cuba occidental y su relación con el régimen tectónico de la Falla Pinar
Authors: Pazo-Arango Marcos Enrique 
Published: June 2024

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es la caracterización de la actividad sísmica vinculada a la Falla Pinar en la región de Cuba Occidental, mediante el empleo de métodos matemáticos que permitan caracterizar y/o cuantificar la relación espacio–tiempo en dicha serie sísmica. A la par de este análisis se realiza una interpretación y correlación de los resultados obtenidos con los derivados de investigaciones anteriores. Para dar solución al problema de este trabajo se determinan cuatro parámetros fundamentales mediante la aplicación de métodos matemático–estadísticos: la entropía de Poisson, la estimación de las dimensiones generalizadas , el valor de la relación Gutenberg–Richter y el exponente de Hurst. La integración de los criterios que ofrecen estos parámetros contribuye a la interpretación de la neotectónica de la región desde el punto de vista sísmico y permite a su vez la creación de registros símicos más completos que los actuales. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos está la demostración de que la serie sísmica de la región cumple con la hipótesis de Hurst, donde la mayoría de los fenómenos naturales se comportan como tendencias estadísticas con ruido estocástico y no como caminatas aleatorias. Esto facilita la relación entre los resultados de la investigación y los fenómenos recientes que rigen la neotectónica en el área