bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Liverpool Uveal Melanoma Prognosticator Online (LUMPO) for prognosing metastasis free survival in the absence of cytogenetic data after ruthenium brachytherapy for uveal melanoma
Authors: Rospond‐Kubiak I. , Wroblewska‐Zierhoffer M. , Twardosz‐Pawlik H. , Kociecki J. 
Published: September 2015

PurposeLiverpool Uveal Melanoma Prognosticator Online (LUMPO) is a tool developed by Eleuteri et al. to establish the prognosis for uveal melanoma patients according to the initial tumour characteristics and cytogenetic data. It has been validated with two separate cohorts of patients in United Kingdom and more recently in US. The aim of this study was to test the prognosticator in a homogenous group of patients treated with with ruthenium brachytherapy where genetic analysis was not performed.MethodsThe records of the patients treated with ruthenium brachytherapy for uveal melanoma at the Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences between 1994 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. The probability of 3‐year, 5‐year and 10‐year metastasis free survival were obtained for each patient using the LUMPO accessed online and then compared with the existing follow‐up data.ResultsWe identified 102 patients, 60 women, 42 men in a mean age of 59 years. Mean largest basal diameter of the treated tumours was 9.29 (range: 4.04–18.9 )mm, mean tumour thickness: 4.8 (range: 2.6–7.01) mm. Follow‐up ranged from 3 to 22 years, mean: 7.55 years. 33 patients died, 18 (17.65%) out of metastatic disease. The metastatic death was not related to patients’ age (p = 0.6866), LBD (p = 0.3049) or tumour thickness (p = 0.7063) alone. The probability of metastasis free survival according to LUMPO was significantly lower for the metastatic group comparing to the surviving group at 3 years (p = 0.0017) and 5 years post treatment (p = 0.0001).ConclusionsLUMPO is a useful tool for prognostication for uveal melanoma patients. However, the use of cytogenetic data makes this prognosis more precise.
Climatic niche attributes and diversification inAnolislizards
Authors: Velasco Julián A. , Martínez‐Meyer Enrique , Flores‐Villela Oscar , García Andrés , Algar Adam C. , Köhler Gunther , Daza Juan M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to test the link between climatic niche dynamics and species diversification inAnolison islands and on the mainland. We tested the hypotheses that lineages in warmer climates and with narrow climate niches diversified more than lineages in cold climates and with broad climate niches. We also tested the hypothesis that species‐rich clades exhibit greater niche diversity than species‐poor clades.LocationNeotropics.MethodsWe collated occurrence records for 328Anolisspecies to estimate niche breadth, niche position and occupied niche space (as a proxy for niche diversity). We compared niche breadth between insular and mainlandAnolisspecies and amongAnolisclades, controlling for the potential confounding effect of range size. Using two approaches (clade‐based and QuaSSE) we explored the association between niche metrics and diversification rates inAnolislizards.ResultsWe found that CaribbeanAnolishad a narrower niche breadth and niche space occupation compared to mainland anoles after controlling for range size differences. There was a significant association between niche traits (mean niche position and niche breadth) and diversification in anoles. Anole lineages with narrow niche breadths and that occupy warmer areas exhibited higher speciation rates than those with broader niche breadths and that occupy cold areas. Similarly, clades with higher total diversification exhibit more niche diversity than clades with lower total diversification.Main conclusionsClimatic niche attributes play a role in anole diversification with some differences between mainland and insular anole lineages. Climatic niche differences between regions and clades likely are related to differences in niche evolutionary rates. This also suggests that climate plays a strong role in shaping species richness between and within mainland and islands.
Reconsidering Industrial Metabolism: From Analogy to Denoting Actuality
Authors: Wassenaar Tom 
Published: September 2015

SummaryMetabolism is a key concept in industrial ecology (IE). Industrial metabolism (IM) is widely used but seldom discussed, and the rare contributions discussing the concept show divergent views, so the debate is still open. Building on recent contributions that broaden the scope of the epistemological debate, the goal of the present discussion is to go beyond the general statement of IM as a biological analogy in IE. The aim is to infer a definition by a thorough deduction so as to further the debate or even federate the community. An etymological analysis demonstrates the eligibility of standpoints other than biological analogy. Moreover, an analysis of the biological characteristics of a metabolism to be emulated may question the pertinence of the currently employed biological analogy. Here, I propose an alternative view based on the present analysis results and in line with modern ecological precepts, whereby IM is considered as an actual phenomenon. According to the definition derived from the analysis—human‐mediated matter change for sustaining a productive system's economic activity—IM should be considered as a subset of a complex system of interconnected transformative processes across all scales of life: the metabolic network. The consequences and promising future orientations that may result from adopting such a shift in definition are succinctly explored.
Validity and sensitivity of a human cranial finite element model: implications for comparative studies of biting performance
Authors: Toro‐Ibacache Viviana , Fitton Laura C. , Fagan Michael J. , O'Higgins Paul 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFinite element analysis (FEA) is a modelling technique increasingly used in anatomical studies investigating skeletal form and function. In the case of the cranium this approach has been applied to both living and fossil taxa to (for example) investigate how form relates to function or infer diet or behaviour. However, FE models of complex musculoskeletal structures always rely on simplified representations because it is impossible completely to image and represent every detail of skeletal morphology, variations in material properties and the complexities of loading at all spatial and temporal scales. The effects of necessary simplifications merit investigation. To this end, this study focuses on one aspect, model geometry, which is particularly pertinent to fossil material where taphonomic processes often destroy the finer details of anatomy or in models built from clinical CTs where the resolution is limited and anatomical details are lost. We manipulated the details of a finite element (FE) model of an adult human male cranium and examined the impact on model performance. First, using digital speckle interferometry, we directly measured strains from the infraorbital region and frontal process of the maxilla of the physical cranium under simplified loading conditions, simulating incisor biting. These measured strains were then compared with predicted values from FE models with simplified geometries that included modifications to model resolution, and how cancellous bone and the thin bones of the circum‐nasal and maxillary regions were represented. Distributions of regions of relatively high and low principal strains and principal strain vector magnitudes and directions, predicted by the most detailed FE model, are generally similar to those achieved in vitro. Representing cancellous bone as solid cortical bone lowers strain magnitudes substantially but the mode of deformation of the FE model is relatively constant. In contrast, omitting thin plates of bone in the circum‐nasal region affects both mode and magnitude of deformation. Our findings provide a useful frame of reference with regard to the effects of simplifications on the performance of FE models of the cranium and call for caution in the interpretation and comparison of FEA results.
Abutment Material Effect on Peri‐implant Soft Tissue Color and Perceived Esthetics
Authors: Kim Aram , Campbell Stephen D. , Viana Marlos A. G. , Knoernschild Kent L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant abutment material on peri‐implant soft tissue color using intraoral spectrophotometric analysis and to compare the clinical outcomes with patient and clinician perception and satisfaction.Materials and MethodsThirty patients and four prosthodontic faculty members participated. Abutments were zirconia, gold‐hued titanium, and titanium. Peri‐implant mucosa color of a single anterior implant restoration was compared to the patient's control tooth. Spectrophotometric analysis using SpectroShadeTM Micro data determined the color difference (ΔE, ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*) between the midfacial peri‐implant soft tissue for each abutment material and the marginal gingiva of the control tooth. Color difference values of the abutment groups were compared using ANOVA (α = 0.05). Patient and clinician satisfaction surveys were also conducted using a color‐correcting light source. The results of each patient and clinician survey question were compared using chi‐square analysis (α = 0.05). Pearson correlation analyses identified the relationship between the total color difference (ΔE) and the patient/clinician perception and satisfaction, as well as between ΔE and tissue thickness.ResultsZirconia abutments displayed significantly smaller spectrophotometric gingival color difference (ΔE) compared to titanium and gold‐hued titanium abutments (respectively, 3.98 ± 0.99; 7.22 ± 3.31; 5.65 ± 2.11; p < 0.05). Among ΔL*, Δa*, and Δb*, only Δa* (red‐green spectrum) showed significant difference between groups. There was no significant correlation between measured soft tissue thickness and ΔE, but thick gingival phenotype, determined by a probe test, demonstrated a smaller ΔE than thin phenotype (4.82 ± 1.49; 6.41 ± 3.27; p = 0.097). There was no statistical difference in patient or clinician satisfaction among abutment materials, and no correlation between ΔE and the patient and clinician satisfaction. Patient satisfaction was significantly higher than clinician, and patient‐perceived differences were lower than clinicians’ (p < 0.01). Clinicians’ satisfaction was higher for gingival (pink) esthetics than crown (white) esthetics (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPeri‐implant mucosa with zirconia abutments demonstrated significantly lower mean color difference compared to titanium or gold‐hued titanium abutments as measured spectrophotometrically; however, no statistical difference in patient or clinician perception/satisfaction among abutment materials was demonstrated. Patients were significantly more satisfied than clinicians.
Retracted: Multilevel Predictors of Math Classroom Climate: A Comparison Study of Student and Teacher Perceptions
Authors: Wang Ming‐Te , Eccles Jacquelynne S. 
Published: September 2015

The above article, published online on June 23, 2014 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Nancy Guerra, and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed upon following the discovery that this article contained inaccurate data. It came to the author's attention that the names of some of the items reported in the Measures section of the paper could not be correct because such items did not exist in the surveys. The authors tried to identify exactly which items had been used in the data analyses but they could not establish without some doubt exactly which items had actually been used.ReferenceWang, M.‐T. and Eccles, J. S. (2014), Multilevel Predictors of Math Classroom Climate: A Comparison Study of Student and Teacher Perceptions. Journal of Research on Adolescence. doi: 10.1111/jora.12153
Adapting the Index of Relative Rurality (IRR) to Estimate Rurality at the ZIP Code Level: A Rural Classification System in Health Services Research
Authors: Inagami Sanae , Gao Shasha , Karimi Hassan , Shendge Martine M. , Probst Janice C. , Stone Roslyn A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundAccurate analysis of health problems facing rural residents depends on how rurality is defined. Health services research relies frequently on the rural urban commuting area (RUCA) codes to estimate rurality at the small area level. We modified the county‐level Index of Relative Rurality (IRR) to the ZIP code level (IRRZIP) to create an alternative small‐area‐level rural classification system. We then compared how the 2 rural classification systems differ in how rural areas and populations are defined and in methodological analysis.MethodsWe linked data for veterans (n = 37,466) who attended the VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System to 2000 United States Census and the US Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service data.ResultsThe RUCA and the IRRZIPdo not consistently classify the same ZIP code areas and populations as rural. Using the IRRZIP, each 10th increment in increased rurality was associated with a 2.6 increased odds of receiving primary care at a satellite clinic.ConclusionsThe IRRZIPis a straightforward measure that is easy to use and interpret and may be a relevant alternative rural classification system that can be used in health services research.
Rite of passage: a bZIP transcription factor must transit the cell apex to become competent
Authors: Momany Michelle 
Published: September 2015

SummaryIn the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans BrlA triggers the central developmental pathway that controls the transition from vegetative growth to asexual reproduction. Upstream regulators including the bZIP transcription factor FlbB activate the expression of brlA. Previous work has established that FlbB localizes to both the apex of the hypha, where it interacts with and is anchored by FlbE, and to nuclei, with highest levels in the nucleus closest to the apex and successively lower levels in nuclei further away from the apex. In this issue, Herrero‐Garcia et al. dissect the roles of these two FlbB pools and the mechanisms underlying their localization and activity. Using a photoactivatable tag, they demonstrate that FlbB moves from the tip into the apical nucleus. Through a series of deletion constructs, they show that import of FlbB into the nucleus requires a bipartite NLS, that FlbB localization at the tip requires actin and that the FlbB tip‐high gradient appears to be mass action dependent as the gradient is lost with FlbB constitutive upregulation. They show that while the pool of FlbB at the apex is required for triggering asexual development, the tip high nuclear gradient is not required.
The disulfide oxidoreductase SdbA is active in Streptococcus gordonii using a single C‐terminal cysteine of the CXXC motif
Authors: Davey Lauren , Cohen Alejandro , LeBlanc Jason , Halperin Scott A. , Lee Song F. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryRecently, we identified a novel disulfide oxidoreductase, SdbA, in the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii. Disulfide oxidoreductases form disulfide bonds in nascent proteins using a CXXC catalytic motif. Typically, the N‐terminal cysteine interacts with substrates, whereas the C‐terminal cysteine is buried and only reacts with the first cysteine of the motif. In this study, we investigated the SdbA C86P87D88C89 catalytic motif. In vitro, SdbA single cysteine variants at the N or C‐terminal position (SdbAC86P and SdbAC89A) were active but displayed different susceptibility to oxidation, and N‐terminal cysteine was prone to sulfenylation. In S. gordonii, mutants with a single N‐terminal cysteine were inactive and formed unstable disulfide adducts with other proteins. Activity was partially restored by inactivation of pyruvate oxidase, a hydrogen peroxide generator. Presence of the C‐terminal cysteine alone (in the SdbAC86P variant) could complement the ΔsdbA mutant and restore disulfide bond formation in recombinant and natural protein substrates. These results provide evidence that certain disulfide oxidoreductases can catalyze disulfide bond formation using a single cysteine of the CXXC motif, including the buried C‐terminal cysteine.
Like a Child with Two Parents: Race, Religion and Royalty on the Siam‐Malaya Frontier, 1895‐1902
Authors: Malhi Amrita 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSince 1957, Malaysian public life has been organized around a historic conflation of three important political themes: “race, religion and royalty”, or “3R”, all of which are purportedly championed and defended by the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO). This article explores how this conflation of themes became so important to this postcolonial nation‐state, specifically by investigating its influence in shaping Malaya's territorial limits. The 3R conflation has deep historical roots which stretch much further back than the moment of decolonization, as shown by a series of approaches to Britain made by Malay Muslim rulers between 1895 and 1902—the period in which a boundary between Malaya and Siam was first negotiated. During these years, these rulers—all of whom ruled over Siamese tributaries—appealed to Britain to colonize their polities to prevent their incorporation into Siam. Their appeals were framed in terms of 3R, giving momentum to the idea of a “Malay Muslim” geo‐body in Malaya, in which a transformed monarchy should preside over a modernized sacral sphere of racial and religious identity.
The effect of excess body mass on the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome: a meta‐analysis of 58 studies
Authors: Shiri R. , Pourmemari M. H. , Falah‐Hassani K. , Viikari‐Juntura E. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryWe aimed to estimate the effects of overweight and obesity on carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and to assess whether sex modifies the associations. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and ResearchGate databases from 1953 to February 2015. Fifty‐eight studies consisting of 1,379,372 individuals qualified for a meta‐analysis. We used a random‐effects meta‐analysis, assessed heterogeneity and publication bias, and performed sensitivity analyses. Overweight increased the risk of CTS or carpal tunnel release 1.5‐fold (pooled confounder‐adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% CI 1.37–1.57, N = 1,279,546) and obesity twofold (adjusted OR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.92–2.13, N = 1,362,207). Each one‐unit increase in body mass index increased the risk of CTS by 7.4% (adjusted OR = 1.074, 95% CI 1.071–1.077, N = 1,258,578). Overweight and obesity had stronger effects on carpal tunnel release than CTS. The associations did not differ between men and women, and they were independent of study design. Moreover, the associations were not due to bias or confounding. Excess body mass markedly increases the risk of CTS. As the prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing globally, overweight‐related CTS is expected to increase. Future studies should investigate whether a square‐shaped wrist and exposure to physical workload factors potentiate the adverse effect of obesity on the median nerve.
Diagnostic profiling of salivary exosomal microRNAs in oral lichen planus patients
Authors: Byun J‐S , Hong S‐H , Choi J‐K , Jung J‐K , Lee H‐J 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveOral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disease whose exact cause is unclear and which requires efficient diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Identification of disease‐specific biomarkers in saliva is an easy, quick, and non‐invasive approach for molecular diagnosis. This study was designed to examine salivary exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) that could be candidates for diagnosing and elucidating the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.Subjects and MethodsWe compared miRNA profiles of salivary exosomes of patients with oral lichen planus with those of healthy controls. Saliva samples from 16 patients with oral lichen planus and eight healthy controls were divided into two sets and examined using miRNA microarray analysis and TaqMan quantitative PCR.ResultsThe three miRNAs identified (miR‐4484, miR‐1246, and miR‐1290) were further validated. Of these, miR‐4484 was significantly upregulated in the salivary exosomes of patients with oral lichen planus.ConclusionsThis study thus identifies a potential miRNA biomarker for oral lichen planus and provides insight into the functions of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of oral inflammatory diseases.
The core of social function after solid organ transplantation
Authors: Forsberg Anna , Cavallini Josefine , Fridh Isabell , Lennerling Annette 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundSocial function is a key aspect of health‐related quality of life after solid organ transplantation (SOT). The focus of this study was to report how solid organ‐transplanted patients change their social function after transplantation.AimTo investigate the main concerns associated with social function after SOT and how solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) deal with these concerns.MethodTwenty SOTRs, 13 men and 7 women, with a mean age of 54 years (range 22–75 years) and due for their first‐year follow‐up were included in this study. The informants had received various types of solid organs. Data were collected through in‐depth interviews, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis by the method of grounded theory (GT) developed by Charmaz.ResultThe GT of this study describes the efforts by the 20 SOTRs to adapt socially in order to maintain their social functioning and leading a normal life. The efforts summaries a process wherein the generated GT is present through three main categories: deconstruction, restriction and reconstruction, showing various ways to socially adapt. Through this process, a clear path of transition through adaptation is evident, starting before transplantation and continues beyond the first year after transplantation.ConclusionSocial functions improved through a process of adaptation during the first year after transplantation. Working and travelling were the two most important aspects of social function. All the informants emphasised the importance of regaining a normal life, which was the outcome of a successful adaptation.