bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unmarkedness of the coronal nasal in Alemannic
Authors: Noelliste Erin , Kniess Tyler 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn Alemannic dialects of German, [n] is particularly vulnerable to assimilation, deletion, and epenthesis. Although these changes are not necessarily uniform across all Alemannic varieties, the Alemannic dialect areas all exhibit some, if not all, of these processes. In this article, we present data from a diverse array of Alemannic dialects and show that [n] behaves similarly throughout Alemannic, assimilating to the place of following stops, deleting word-finally, and repairing hiatus through epenthesis. We contend that coronal [n] is interacting with so many processes because it is unmarked in terms of place and manner. This paper contributes to the phonological literature on dialectology and Markedness Theory. First, by considering similar processes which occur across multiple Alemannic dialects, we show how Alemannic prefers eliminating or modifying word-final [n]. Second, this analysis gives insight into theories of segment (un)markedness; thus, the data presented in this paper support descriptions of unmarked segments as undergoing assimilation, deletion, and epenthesis, while they challenge markedness accounts by scholars who bar [n] as an epenthetic segment. Third, we provide data for a language family in which one segment undergoes all three processes of assimilation, deletion, and epenthesis; this is unprecedented in the literature on unmarked segments, which typically focuses on languages which possess only one of these three processes.
Establishment of nomogram to predict overall survival and cancer-specific survival of local tumor resection in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis with unresectable metastases: a large population-based analysis
Authors: Hou Songlin , Li Lifa , Hou Huafang , Zhou Tong , Zhou He 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and Purpose
The tumour-node metastasis (TNM) classification is a common model for evaluating the prognostic value of tumour patients. However, few models have been used to predict the survival outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) with unresectable metastases who received the primary local surgery. Thus, we utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to establish novel nomograms for predicting the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of these patients.

Methods
Extracted primary data on CRLM patients by local surgery from SEER database. All prognostic factors of OS and CSS were determined by Cox regression analysis. The concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were used to further evaluate the accuracy and discrimination of these nomograms. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was executed to evaluate the nomograms for the clinical net benefit. Risk stratification analysis (RSA) was used to evaluate the reliability of them in clinical.

Results
3622 eligible patients were screened and assigned to training cohort (1812) or validation cohort (1810). The age, chemotherapy, tumour grade, primary tumour site, tumour size, lymph node positive rate (LNR), marital status, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were independent prognostic factors of OS. Additionally, the age, chemotherapy, tumour grade, primary tumour site, tumour size, LNR, and CEA were independent prognostic factors of CSS. The results of C-indexes and ROC curves indicated that the established nomograms exhibited better discrimination power than TNM classification. The calibration curves demonstrated excellent agreement between the predicted and actual survival rates for 1-, 3-, and 5 year OS and CSS. Meanwhile, the validation cohort demonstrated similar results. Background the clinic context, the DCA showed that these nomograms have higher net benefits, and the RSA showed that patients were further divided into low risk, medium risk, and high risk groups according to the predicted scores from nomograms. And, the Kaplan–Meier curve and log-rank test showed that the survival differences among the three groups are statistically significant.

Conclusions
The prognostic nomograms showed very high accuracy, identifiability, and clinical practicality in predicting the OS and CSS of CRLM patients with unresectable metastases treated by local surgery at 1-, 3-, and 5 years, which might improve individualized predictions of survival risks and help clinicians formulate treatment plans.
Machine learning-based integration develops a mitophagy-related lncRNA signature for predicting the progression of prostate cancer: a bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Dai Caixia , Zeng Xiangju , Zhang Xiuhong , Liu Ziqi , Cheng Shunhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProstate cancer remains a complex and challenging disease, necessitating innovative approaches for prognosis and therapeutic guidance. This study integrates machine learning techniques to develop a novel mitophagy-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signature for predicting the progression of prostate cancer. Leveraging the TCGA-PRAD dataset, we identify a set of four key lncRNAs and formulate a riskscore, revealing its potential as a prognostic indicator. Subsequent analyses unravel the intricate connections between riskscore, immune cell infiltration, mutational landscapes, and treatment outcomes. Notably, the pan-cancer exploration of YEATS2-AS1 highlights its pervasive impact, demonstrating elevated expression across various malignancies. Furthermore, drug sensitivity predictions based on riskscore guide personalized chemotherapy strategies, with drugs like Carmustine and Entinostat showing distinct suitability for high and low-risk group patients. Regression analysis exposes significant correlations between the mitophagy-related lncRNAs, riskscore, and key mitophagy-related genes. Molecular docking analyses reveal promising interactions between Cyclophosphamide and proteins encoded by these genes, suggesting potential therapeutic avenues. This comprehensive study not only introduces a robust prognostic tool but also provides valuable insights into the molecular intricacies and potential therapeutic interventions in prostate cancer, paving the way for more personalized and effective clinical approaches.
Investigate on the mechanical properties and microscopic three-dimensional morphology of rock failure surfaces under different stress states
Authors: Wu Genshui , Yu Weijian , Pan Bao , Liu Yuqing , Fang Chuangfeng , Liu Xun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe macro and micro morphology of rock failure surfaces play crucial roles in determining the rock mechanical and seepage properties. The morphology of unloaded deep rock failure surfaces exhibits significant variability and complexity. Surface roughness is closely linked to both shear strength and crack seepage behavior. Understanding these morphology parameters is vital for comprehending the mechanical behavior and seepage characteristics of rock masses. In this study, three-dimensional optical scanning technology was employed to analyze the micromorphological properties of limestone and sandstone failure surfaces under varying stress conditions. Line and surface roughness characteristics of different rock failure surfaces were then determined. Our findings reveal a critical confining pressure value (12 MPa) that influences the damage features of Ordovician limestone failure surfaces. With increasing confining pressure, pore depth and crack formation connecting the pores also increase. Beyond the critical confining pressure, the mesoscopic roughness of the failure surface decreases, and the range of interval-distributed pore roughness diminishes. Additionally, we conducted a detailed investigation into the water conductivity properties of rocks under different stress states using Barton's joint roughness coefficient (JRC) index and rock fractal theory. The roughness features of rock failure surfaces were classified into three categories based on mesoscopic pore and crack undulation forms: straight, wavy, and jagged. We also observed significant confining pressure effects on limestone and sandstone, which exceeding the critical confining pressure led to increased water conductivity in both rocks, albeit through different mechanisms. While sandstone exhibits fissures running across it, limestone shows shear abrasion holes. Beyond the critical confining pressure, the rock failure surface becomes smoother, leading to decreased water flow blocking capacity. The fractal dimension of Ordovician limestone increases significantly under critical confining pressure, leading to a more complex mesoscopic crack extension route.
Quantifying future climate extreme indices: implications for sustainable urban development in West Africa, with a focus on the greater Accra region
Authors: Siabi Ebenezer Kwadwo , Awafo Edward Abingya , Kabobah Amos Tiereyangn , Derkyi Nana Sarfo Agyeman , Akpoti Komlavi , Anornu Geophrey Kwame , Yazdanie Mashael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate change leading to Climate extremes in the twenty-first century is more evident in megacities across the world, especially in West Africa. The Greater Accra region is one of the most populated regions in West Africa. As a result, the region has become more susceptible to climate extremes such as floods, heatwaves, and droughts. The study employed the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 models in simulating climate extreme indices under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway scenarios (SSPs) over West Africa between 1979 and 2059 as exemplified by the Greater Accra region. The study observed a generally weak drought in the historical period and expected to intensify especially under SSP585 in Greater Accra. For instance, continuous dry days (CDD) reveal an increasing trend under the SSPs. Similarly, the overall projected trend of CDD over West Africa reveals an increase signifying a more frequent and longer drought in the future. The flood indices revealed a surge in the intensity and duration of extreme precipitation events under the SSPs in the region. For instance, R99pTOT and Rx5days are expected to significantly increase under the SSPs with intensification under the SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585. A similar trend has been projected across West Africa, especially along the Guinean coast. The study foresees a gradual and intensifying rise in heatwave indices over the Greater Accra region. The warming and cooling indices reveal an increasing and decreasing trend respectively in the historical period as well as under the SSPs particularly within urban centers like Accra and Tema. Most West African countries are projected to observe more frequent warm days and nights with cold nights and days becoming less frequent. Expected effects of future climate extreme indices pose potential threats to the water, food, and energy systems as well as trigger recurrent floods and droughts over Greater Accra. The findings of the study are expected to inform climate policies and the nationally determined contribution of the Paris Agreement as well as address the sustainable development goal 11 (Sustainable cities) and 13 (Climate action) in West Africa.
Geothermal energy appraisal and subsurface structural mapping of the Rafin Rewa warm spring region, Precambrian basement complex of Nigeria
Authors: Usman Ayatu Ojonugwa , Abraham Ema Michael , Oknonkwo Churchill Chukwunonso , Chinwuko Augustine Ifeanyi , Azuoko George-Best 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis research work aims at evaluating the geothermal energy potentials of the Rafin Rewa warm spring (RRWS) of the Precambrian Basement Complex in Nigeria as an alternative energy source using integrated aeromagnetic geophysical techniques. Four aeromagnetic dataset were acquired, assemblage, analyzed, and interpreted using integrated geophysical processing techniques of spectral analysis and Euler deconvolution. Qualitative interpretation of the residual anomalous map reveals a distribution of positive anomalies (> 53 nT) majorly in the central and southeastern regions, which are traced to the granitic rocks, while the low anomalies (< − 1.5 nT) have been traced to the RRWS location emanating from the coastal plain sands of the Pliocene, Pleistocene, Oligocene, and Miocene ages. Quantitatively, the depth to the top (DTT) of the anomalous bodies reveals a depression that is almost intersecting with the Curie point depth (CPD) plot at the RRWS location, which indicates high heat flow in the RRWS region. The Spectral Analysis results reveal that the DTT and the CPD in this area ranges from 0.512 to 0.761 km and 6.504 to 10.582 km, respectively while the average CPD is 8.543 ± 0.325 km. It is observed that the DTT and CPD decrease as one move away from the RRWS region. The computed heat flow average was 160.76 ± 19.09 mW/m2 within the RRWS region. The Euler deconvolution result reveals the presence of geological structures, which were interpreted as faults and fractures. The major fractures trend in the east–west (E-W) directions, while the minor fractures trend northeast-southwest (NE-SW) directions. The geochemical result presented shows that iconic compositions impact the convective heat transfer processes associated with geothermal systems. It was conclusively believed that regions with comparable shallow CPDs could be viable for further geothermal energy investigations.
Human proprioceptive gaze stabilization during passive body rotations underneath a fixed head
Authors: Wibble Tobias , Pansell Tony 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present study explored the presence of torsional gaze-stabilization to proprioceptive neck activation in humans. Thirteen healthy subjects (6 female, mean age 25) were exposed to passive body rotations while maintaining a head-fixed, gravitationally upright, position. Participants were seated in a mechanical sled, their heads placed in a chin rest embedded in a wooden beam while wearing an eye tracker attached to the beam using strong rubber bands to ensure head stability. The body was passively rotated underneath the head both in darkness and while viewing a projected visual scene. Static torsional gaze positions were compared between the baseline position prior to the stimulation, and immediately after the final body tilt had been reached. Results showed that passive neck flexion produced ocular torsion when combined with a visual background. The eyes exhibited rotations in the opposite direction of the neck’s extension, matching a hypothetical head tilt in the same direction as the sled. This corresponded with a predicted head rotation aimed at straightening the head in relation to the body. No such response was seen during trials in darkness. Altogether, these findings suggest that proprioception may produce a predictive gaze-stabilizing response in humans.
Pieces of Music and Pinches of Salt
Authors: Ridley Aaron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Suppose we grant that each musical work has an establishable essence. Suppose we grant, too, that for at least one piece of music philosophers have established what that essence is. The argument of the present essay is that this would have no consequences for the proper performance of that work. More specifically, the claim is that there can be no presumption that a performance that accurately reflects that essence should be preferred to one that does not, nor any generalization about how far a good performance may deviate from that essence, or in what respects. The argument, in short, is that musical metaphysics has little contribution to make to our efforts to understand, to evaluate, or indeed to give, performances of musical works.
On the Musically Possible
Authors: Ridley Aaron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
It seems natural to suppose that Artur Schnabel’s occasionally inaccurate performance of Beethoven’s Hammerklavier would have been even better had it been accurate throughout. In the present essay I defend this supposition against a sceptical argument which purports to show that we have no good reason to believe it. The sceptical argument, which draws on some plausible-seeming thoughts about aesthetic properties, concludes that, because we cannot know whether this or that (as-yet-unachieved) musical result is so much as possible, we have no good reason to suppose that an accurate version of Schnabel’s performance should be preferred to Schnabel’s own. In attempting to defuse this sceptical argument, I open up, and begin to explore, some new and potentially interesting questions about musical performance and about the species of rationality that it requires and exhibits.
Roseibium algae sp. nov., isolated from a marine alga (Grateloupia sp.)
Authors: Fan Jiwu , Liu Xinqi , Wang Ziwei , Cui Ning , Zhang Yao , Zhang Yanfeng , Song Jiale , Li Tao , Wang Yan 
Published: July 2024

A novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, aerobic, motile bacterium with a single polar or subpolar flagellum, designated strain H3510T, was isolated from marine alga collected on sea shore of Yantai, PR China. The organism grew optimally at 28 °C and pH 7.0 and in presence of 3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The strain exhibited positive catalase activity but negative oxidase and nitrate reduction activities. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c, 11-methyl C18 : 1
ω7c, and C16 : 0. Additionally, the major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine; the respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q-10). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain H3510T was 54.2%. The novel strain showed the closest relationship with Roseibium polysiphoniae KMM 9699T with 98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The calculated values for average nucleotide identity and DNA–DNA hybridization between strain H3510T and the phylogenetically related Roseibium species were in the range of 71.3–74.9 % and 13.7–19.9 %, respectively. Based on polyphasic analyses, strain H3510T was identified as representing a novel species of the genus Roseibium, for which the name Roseibium algae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H3510T (=KCTC 8206T=MCCC 1K04325T). The heterologously expressed inositol 2-dehydrogenase gene from strain H3510T displayed high oxidation activity on myo-inositol and showed potential in the production of rare stereoisomers of inositol, such as scyllo-inositol.
Ultrastructural diversity of alpha-Synuclein pathology in the post-mortem brain of Parkinson patients: implications for Lewy Body formation
Authors: Lewis Amanda J , van den Heuvel Lukas , di Fabrizio Marta , Burger Domenic , Huisman Evelien , Bol John GJM , van de Berg Wilma DJ , Stahlberg Henning 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLewy bodies, the major pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease, are intraneuronal inclusions rich in aggregated alpha-synuclein (aSyn). To understand the cellular mechanisms behind the formation of Lewy bodies and the aggregation of aSyn, we used correlative light and electron microscopy and detailed ultrastructural analysis of postmortem brain tissue samples of Parkinson patients. We found that somal aSyn inclusions in dopaminergic neurons were exclusively fibrillar, while membranous-type inclusions were located outside the cell soma and likely compact neuritic aggregates. These neuritic inclusions displayed phenotypic heterogeneity, ranging from predominantly membranous to mixed membranous/fibrillar ultrastructures. Our data suggest that membranous and fibrillar aSyn inclusions form via distinct mechanisms, with membranous neuritic inclusions providing the environment for the initial nucleation of aSyn fibrils, which could then spread via a prion-like mechanism to form somal fibrillar Lewy bodies. This study provides important insight into Lewy body formation and highlights the importance of aSyn and membrane interactions for future therapeutic intervention.
Influence of gonadal and chromosomal sex on the brain transcriptome in a mouse species with natural sex reversal
Authors: Heitzmann Louise D. , Saunders Paul A. , Perez Julie , Boursot Pierre , Veyrunes Frederic 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSex chromosomes are expected to play a role in shaping the transcriptional architecture of sexual dimorphism, through the direct expression of sex-linked genes, by regulating autosomal genes, or in interactions with hormones. Yet, their degree of involvement remains elusive partly because chromosomal sex (XX/XY or ZZ/ZW) and gonadal sex (ovaries or testes) are usually inextricably intertwined. They are however dissociated in the African pygmy mouse,Mus minutoides,in which a feminizing X (X*) has evolved resulting in three female genotypes (XX, XX* and X*Y) and one male genotype (XY). Despite hormonal levels similar to the other females, X*Y females show distinctive phenotypes with greater fertility, divergent maternal care strategies and the masculinization of some traits (e.g. enhanced aggressiveness). By comparing the brain transcriptome of the four sexual genotypes, we show, here, that differential gene expression is mainly linked to gonadal sex (male vs. female) but also and significantly, to chromosomal sex, with expression patterns matching the singularity of X*Y female traits. Genes with such patterns are over-represented on sex and sex-linked chromosomes, and some are strong candidates to explain X*Y-specific behavioral and reproductive traits. We also report the preferential inactivation of the X* chromosome in XX* females, which could explain their trait similarities with XX females. Overall, we show that sex chromosomes have profoundly impacted the brain transcriptome in ways that reflect their new transmission modes and new resulting conflicts. This opens exciting prospects on the evolution of sex differences in relation to the dynamic of sex chromosome evolution.
Comparing efficiencies of population control methods for responding to foreign animal disease threats in wild pigs
Authors: Snow Nathan P. , Smith Benjamin , Lavelle Michael J. , Glow Michael P. , Chalkowski Kayleigh , Leland Bruce R. , Sherburne Sarah , Fischer Justin W. , Kohen Keely J. , Cook Seth M. , Smith Hatton , VerCauteren Kurt C. , Miller Ryan S. , Pepin Kim M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductions of foreign animal diseases (FADs) into free-ranging wildlife can be difficult to control and devastating for domestic livestock trade. Combating a new FAD introduction in wildlife with an emergency response requires quickly limiting spread of the disease by intensely removing wild animals and recovering their carcasses for proper disposal. In the case of African swine fever virus (ASFv) in wild pigs (Sus scrofa), which has been spreading in many regions of the world, there is little information on the time- and cost-efficiency of methods for intensively and consistently removing wild pigs and recovering carcasses in an emergency response scenario. We compared the efficiencies of aerial operations, trapping, an experimental toxic bait, and ground shooting in northcentral Texas, USA during two months in 2023. Removing and recovering carcasses of wild pigs averaged a rate of 0.15 wild pigs/person hour and cost an average of $233.04/wild pig ($USD 2023) across all four methods. Aerial operations required the greatest initial investment but subsequently was the most time- and cost-efficient, costing an average of $7,266 to incrementally reduce the population by 10% including recovering carcasses. Aerial operations required a ground crew of ∼7 people/helicopter to recover carcasses. Costs for reducing the population of wild pigs using trapping were similar, although took 13.5 times longer to accomplish. A benefit of trapping was carcass recovery was incorporated. Toxic baiting was less efficient because carcass recovery required substantial time, and we removed very few wild pigs with ground shooting in this landscape. We recommend combining aerial and trapping methodologies to remove wild pigs and their carcasses efficiently and effectively during a FAD response. Overall, our findings can inform the preparation of resources, personnel needs, and deployment readiness for FAD responses involving wild pigs.