bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the role of parental warmth and its association with developmental trajectories of delinquency across cultures
Authors: Yun Hye‐Jung , Cui Ming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite previous research delving into the trajectories of delinquency during adolescence and their links to parental warmth, there remains a notable gap in understanding cultural differences in these trajectories and associated factors. This study sought to address this gap by examining and comparing the levels and trajectories of delinquency, along with their association with parental warmth, between the United States and South Korea.MethodThe study included American adolescents (N = 5,665) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) at Wave I (1995), II (1996), and III (2001) and Korean adolescents (N = 3,449) selected from the Korean Youth Panel Survey at Wave I (2003), II (2004), and VI (2008). The participants, including both adolescent boys and girls at the age of 14/15 at Wave I, completed surveys at each wave.ResultsResults from latent growth curves showed that delinquency levels peaked in middle adolescence and declined thereafter in both countries. The initial level of delinquency was higher for American adolescents than for Korean adolescents, however, the slope of delinquency declined faster for American adolescents than for Korean adolescents. Further, the protective effect of parental warmth on delinquency was stronger for Korean adolescents than for American adolescents.ConclusionThe cultural differences in the levels and trajectories of delinquency, along with the different strengths of the protective effect of parental warmth, highlight the importance of considering cultural contexts in understanding delinquency trajectories and the protective role of parental warmth against delinquency.
Oleanolic acid induces hepatic injury by disrupting hepatocyte tight junction and dysregulation of farnesoid X receptor‐mediated bile acid efflux transporters
Authors: Zeng Li , Huang Jianxiang , Wang Yi , Hu Yan , Zhou Shaoyu , Lu Yuanfu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOleanolic acid (OA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene compound that has been reported to cause cholestatic liver injury. However, the regulation and pathogenic role of bile acids in OA‐induced development of cholestatic liver injury remains largely unclear. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a metabolic nuclear receptor that plays an important role in bile acid homeostasis in the liver by regulating efflux transporters bile salt export pump (BSEP) and multidrug resistance‐associated protein 2 (MRP2). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of OA on hepatocyte tight junction function and determine the role of FXR, BSEP, and MRP2 in the mechanism of impairment of transport of bile acids induced by OA. Both in vivo and in vitro models were used to characterize the OA‐induced liver injury. The liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) was employed to characterize the efflux function of the transporters, and the results showed that OA caused a blockage of bile acids efflux. OA treatment resulted in decreased expression levels of the tight junction proteins zonula occludens‐1 and occludin. Immunofluorescence results showed that OA treatment significantly reduced the number of bile ducts and the immunofluorescence intensity. Pretreatment with agonists of FXR and MRP2, respectively, in animal experiments attenuated OA‐induced liver injury, while pretreatment with inhibitors of BSEP and MRP2 further aggravated OA‐induced liver injury. These results suggest that OA inhibits FXR‐mediated BSEP and MRP2, leading to impaired bile acid efflux and disruption of tight junctions between liver cells, resulting in liver damage.
Protective effects of 3, 4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid on myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol in rats
Authors: Vincent Sikha , Stanely Shervin Prince , Ponnian Stanely Mainzen Prince 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite considerable advances in interventions and treatment, there is a high mortality rate in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). This is the first study to investigate the protective effects of 3, 4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid against isoproterenol induced MI in rats. MI was induced by isoproterenol (100‐mg/kg body weight) in rats. Then, rats were treated with 3, 4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (16‐mg/kg body weight) for 2 weeks. Serum creatine kinase‐MB, cardiac troponin‐T, cardiac troponin‐I, and heart thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were significantly (p < 0.05) increased and heart superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in isoproterenol‐induced myocardial infarcted rats. Isoproterenol induction significantly (p < 0.05) elevated the plasma homocysteine and serum high sensitivity‐C‐reactive protein levels. Furthermore, an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain study, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining revealed significantly (p < 0.05) elevated levels and expression of serum/myocardial nuclear factor‐κB, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin‐1 beta, and Interleukin‐6 and significantly (p < 0.05) reduced levels/expression of serum/myocardial interleukin‐10 in myocardial infarcted rats. Nevertheless, isoproterenol‐induced rats treated with 3, 4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid considerably (p < 0.05) attenuated all the biochemical, molecular, and IHC parameters investigated and inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation and protected the heart, through its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory mechanisms.
Selective and sensitive detection of 4‐nitrophenol in ecological water samples based on terbium tungstate anchored with graphitic nitride
Authors: Abinaya Meenakshi Ganesh , Sakthinathan Subramanian , Chiu Te‐Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, the Tb2(WO4)3/C3N4 composite is for the electrochemical sensing of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP). Tb2(WO4)3 was prepared by hydrothermal method. Tb2(WO4)3 homogeneously functionalized with the g‐C3N4 by a noncovalent π–π interaction. Besides, field emission scanning electron microscopy, x‐ray diffraction studies, and energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the prepared materials. Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry techniques were used to investigate the electrocatalytic behavior of prepared electrode materials. The reduction in 4‐NP exhibits high electrocatalytic activity, with best at working voltage with a linear response range of up to 1200 μM. Moreover, the SPCE/C3N4/Tb2(WO4)3 electrode exhibited a detection limit and sensitivity of 0.23 μM and 1.72 μAμM−1 cm−2, respectively. The electrode provides a workable platform for the analysis of 4‐NP in water samples and is highly reproducible and stable.
Adapting STEMM in Hawaiʻi: Necessary actions for one of the most diverse places in the United States
Authors: Neikirk Kit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHawaiʻi's diverse population prime it to be an exemplary environment to study representation in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM). In actuality, Hawaiʻi has low STEMM enrollment and therefore, low representation in STEMM. What primarily inhibits Hawaiʻi from having a strong STEMM workforce is the lack of education in STEMM, resources allocated to STEMM, and mentorship to succeed in STEMM. Other factors such as cultural values, high costs of living, and geographical barriers also contribute to Hawaiʻi's low STEMM enrollment. To combat these issues, I offer suggestions to encourage STEMM enrollment, such as directing funds toward after‐school education. I also suggest combatting the lack of resources by providing more online opportunities for students and workers. As for Hawaiʻi's low mentorship, I suggest that more programs be created within communities and universities to create a platform for mentors and mentees to network. This manuscript seeks to highlight these areas of improvement and recognize lessons to be learned from Hawaiʻi, thus serving as a resource for individuals internationally.
Delta‐like noncanonical notch ligand 2 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of sheep myoblasts through the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Lixia , Yuan Chao , An Xuejiao , Kong Lingying , Zhang Dan , Chen Bowen , Lu Zengkui , Liu Jianbin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study delved into the role of delta‐like noncanonical notch ligand 2 (DLK2) in the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of myoblasts, as well as its interaction with the classical Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in regulating myoblast function. The research revealed that upregulation of DLK2 in myoblasts during the proliferation phase enhanced myoblast proliferation, facilitated cell cycle progression, and reduced apoptosis. Conversely, downregulation of DLK2 expression using siRNA during the differentiation phase promoted myoblast hypertrophy and fusion, suppressed the expression of muscle fiber degradation factors, and expedited the differentiation process. DLK2 regulates myoblasts function by influencing the expression of various factors associated with the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, including CTNNB1, FZD1, FZD6, RSPO1, RSPO4, WNT4, WNT5A, and adenomatous polyposis coli. In essence, DLK2, with the involvement of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, plays a crucial regulatory role in the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of myoblasts.
Examining the association of neighborhood conditions on attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in autistic youth using the child opportunity index 2.0
Authors: Calub Catrina A. , Hertz‐Picciotto Irva , Bennett Deborah , Schweitzer Julie B. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile neighborhood conditions have previously been shown to have substantial effects on later occupational, educational and health outcomes, this is the first study to examine the relation between neighborhood factors and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with autism and developmental delays.MethodsChildren from the CHARGE (Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment) Study were evaluated at ages 2–5 years and then later in the ReCHARGE (follow‐up) Study at ages 8–20 years (mid‐childhood/adolescence). Using linear regression, we assessed associations between the Child Opportunity Index 2.0 (COI) at birth, a multidimensional neighborhood measure of childhood opportunity, and ADHD symptoms on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist at mid‐childhood/adolescence.ResultsParticipants included a total of 524 youth (401 males; 123 females), composed of 246 autistic children (AUT), 85 children with Developmental Delays (DD) without autism, and 193 Typically Developing (TD) children. Mean age was 3.8 years (SD = 0.79) when evaluated at CHARGE and 13.5 years (SD = 3.69) when evaluated at ReCHARGE. Regression analyses revealed COI at birth significantly predicted ADHD symptoms during mid‐childhood/adolescence and early childhood diagnosis modified the COI effect. More specifically, COI significantly predicted ADHD symptoms in the AUT group, but not the TD or DD groups. Additional regression analyses indicated that this interaction was only present in the Social and Economic COI domain. Secondary analyses revealed autistic youth with High and Low Social and Economic COI domain scores had similar levels of ADHD symptoms during early childhood, but by mid‐childhood/adolescence, those with low Social and Economic COI domain scores had higher ADHD symptoms.ConclusionsAmong autistic, but not TD or DD youth, poorer neighborhood conditions at birth predict greater ADHD symptoms in later development. These findings have important clinical implications and highlight the need for increased and improved resources in poorer neighborhoods to reduce existing disparities in ADHD, a common neurodevelopmental impairment.
Spray coagulation reduces the use of hemostatic forceps for intraoperative bleeding in gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Ishikawa Yumiko , Goto Osamu , Nakagome Shun , Habu Tsugumi , Kirita Kumiko , Koizumi Eriko , Higuchi Kazutoshi , Noda Hiroto , Onda Takeshi , Omori Jun , Akimoto Naohiko , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsDuring intraoperative bleeding in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), switching to spray coagulation may be beneficial compared with the continuous use of swift coagulation and can reduce the need for hemostatic forceps. We retrospectively assessed the effectiveness of spray modes on intraoperative bleeding during gastric ESD.Methods and ResultsA total of 316 bleeding events (156 in the Swift group and 160 in the Spray group) were consecutively recorded. In the Swift group, hemostasis was performed using the swift mode with a retracted tip of the needle‐type knife, followed by the hemostatic forceps. In the Spray group, bleeding was treated in a stepwise manner: the swift mode, the spray mode, and the hemostatic forceps. All bleeding events were assigned to one of two groups by an endoscopist who retrospectively reviewed the videos. We compared the use of hemostatic forceps, the total hemostatic time, and the cumulative hemostasis rate between the two groups.The use of hemostatic forceps was significantly lower in the Spray group than in the Swift group (32.7% vs. 13.8%, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the total hemostatic time (Swift group, 20 s.; Spray group, 16 s.; P = 0.42), whereas the cumulative hemostasis rate with the knife was significantly higher in the Spray group (P = 0.007).ConclusionThe results suggested that spray coagulation from the tip of the needle‐type knife could reduce the use of hemostatic forceps. In gastric ESD, spray coagulation may facilitate the hemostasis of intraoperative bleeding.
Design, synthesis, biological evaluation of a new tricyclicthiazolopy‐rimidinone derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Authors: Zeng Yan , Nie Lifei , Liu Liu , Bozorov Khurshed , Zhao Jiangyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe novel serious of tricyclicthiazolo[5,4‐d]pyrimidinone were designed and synthesized as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor agents. The main factors affecting the reactions of syntheses and the structure–activity relationships (SARs) were investigated as well. All compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The in vitro enzyme assays proved that most of the compounds effectively inhibited AChE in the micromolar range with little cytotoxicity. Especially the compound G15 exhibited the best inhibitory activity against AChE with IC50 values of 4.41 ± 0.46 μM. Furthermore, kinetic analysis and molecular modeling studies pointed out the competitive inhibition manner of G15 on AChE. Thus, the derivative G15 can be considered a promising leading compound on AChE.
Central American climate extreme trends: A statistical analysis of CLIMDEX indices
Authors: Alfaro‐Córdoba Marcela , Mora‐Sandí Natali P. , Hidalgo Hugo G. , Alfaro Eric J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrecipitation and temperature extremes from daily data indexed using the CLIMDEX methodology were calculated over the Central American region. The data comprises the coarsened versions of the Climate Hazards and Infrared Precipitation with stations (CHIRPs) and the corresponding data set for temperature (CHIRTs) from the year 1981 to 2020 and 1983 to 2016, respectively. The objective is to detect trend patterns in extremes in recent periods, use novel statistical techniques for assessing the trend significance and study the monthly and annual trends for each of the indices. Trends of extreme temperature indices show more consistent, robust and widespread significant results according with the observed warming of the region. Significant extreme precipitation indices trends are more localized, and therefore harder to analyse, but it seems that one robust result from several indices is the trend toward more intense extreme precipitation events in Costa Rica. The findings of this work suggest possible impacts in human and environmental systems across the region.
Persistently elevated joint contact stress after periacetabular osteotomy is associated with joint failure at minimum 10‐year follow‐up
Authors: Aitken Holly D. , Goetz Jessica E. , Glass Natalie A. , Miller Aspen , Rivas Dominic J. L. , Westermann Robert W. , McKinley Todd O. , Willey Michael C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeriacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a common treatment for prearthritic hip dysplasia. The goal of this investigation was to determine if computationally assessed hip contact mechanics are associated with joint failure at minimum 10‐year follow‐up. One hundred patients with hip dysplasia (125 hips) completed patient‐reported outcomes an average of 13.8 years (range 10.0–18.0 years) after PAO. 63/125 hips were classified as having failed: 26 converted to total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 37 with significant disability indicated by modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) ≤ 70. Differences in discrete element analysis‐computed contact mechanics were compared between (1) preserved and failed hips, (2) preserved hips and hips that failed by THA, and (3) preserved hips and hips that failed by mHHS ≤ 70. Failed hips had significantly higher preoperative contact stress and exposure metrics (p < 0.001–0.009) than preserved hips. Failed hips also had significantly higher postoperative peak contact stress (p = 0.018), higher mean contact stress (p < 0.001), and smaller contact area (p = 0.044). When assessed based on type of failure, hips that failed by THA had significantly higher postoperative contact stress and exposure metrics than preserved hips (p < 0.001–0.020). In hips that failed by mHHS ≤ 70, mean postoperative contact stress exposure was significantly higher compared to preserved hips (p = 0.043). Despite improved radiographic measures of dysplasia after PAO, pathologic joint contact mechanics can persist and predict treatment failure at minimum 10 years after surgery. Operative and nonoperative techniques specifically intended to reduce harmful contact mechanics in dysplastic hips may have the potential to further improve clinical outcomes after PAO.
Association of Amniotic Fluid Volume and Fetal Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Parameters in Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Sayres Lauren , Sahi Roopjit K. , Straub Heather , Peek Emma , Hobbins John C. 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of oligohydramnios, brain sparing, and cardiac dysfunction among a cohort of fetal growth restriction (FGR).MethodsTo assess the prevalence of oligohydramnios amongst a large sample of FGR fetuses, we screened a database of ultrasounds of FGR pregnancies from our maternal‐fetal medicine clinics (clinical cohort) for diminished amniotic fluid volume. Using a threshold of a maximum vertical pocket (MVP) of <2 cm for “oligohydramnios,” and 2 to 3 cm as a “reduced fluid” group, trends of Doppler values and cardiac parameters were assessed from pregnancies in an ongoing research study (comprehensive cohort).ResultsIn the clinical cohort, oligohydramnios was identified in only 2/229 (0.8%) and reduced fluid in 19/229 (8%). In the comprehensive cohort, oligohydramnios was seen in 3/126 (2.3%) and reduced fluid in 14/126 (11.1%). A high rate of cardiac and Doppler abnormalities were observed in the oligohydramnios group of the comprehensive cohort. The patients with oligohydramnios had a distinctly different cardiac phenotype with small (2/3 with cardiac area <5th%) (P = 0.01) and round (3/3 with global sphericity index <5th%) (P = 0.02) hearts.ConclusionOligohydramnios, when present with FGR, is accompanied by high rates of cerebral and cardiovascular abnormalities.
How aluminium additions improve the performance of zinc‐rich organic coatings
Authors: Al‐Nafai Isehaq , Rzeszutek Katarzyna , Lyon Stuart , Jones Christopher , Beaumont Douglas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNovel sacrificial zinc‐rich organic coatings, with varying additions of aluminium, were prepared and tested for anticorrosion performance. Electrochemical measurements (potential vs. time and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) were carried out to investigate cathodic protection and barrier performance while neutral salt spray and immersion experiments tested long‐term performance. Analytical scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction were used to characterize coatings before and after testing. Formulations containing aluminium significantly outperformed the standard 100% zinc‐rich coating with the greatest improvement occurring at 10%–15% aluminium by volume in the dry film. This improvement was caused by the dispersal of aluminium between zinc particles, which improved packing and enabled greater efficiency in zinc consumption resulting in extended galvanic protection times for steel substrates. The expected zinc corrosion product (basic zinc chloride, simonkolleite) was present within the coating as well as a Zn–Al layered doubled hydroxide. The latter's presence demonstrates that dissolution of aluminium contributed to the longevity of the galvanic action. The new Zn–Al formulations are extremely promising alternatives to standard zinc‐rich epoxy coatings, significantly reducing zinc loading and increasing the sacrificial lifetime.
An integrative review of the decoy effect on choice behavior
Authors: Padamwar Pravesh K. , Dawra Jagrook 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSince 1982, the decoy effect has been one of consumer behavior literature's most discussed and documented phenomena. It has several managerial implications in gaining strategic advantages, such as product management and profit maximization. Numerous attempts have been made to explain the decoy effect. However, there is no clear consensus in the literature regarding the underlying mechanism of the decoy effect. This paper presents a systematic literature review to integrate the four decades of decoy effect research. We analyze the contribution of literature, establish linkages between them, and provide a holistic view of understanding the decoy effect that is beneficial for academicians and practitioners. We discuss and differentiate four types of decoy alternatives that produce three types of decoy effects: attraction effect, compromise effect, and phantom decoy effect. We provide a comprehensive list of moderating factors of the decoy effect. Further, we critically review and integrate various explanatory models to better understand the underlying mechanism of the decoy effect. Finally, we discuss several promising avenues for future research.
Sleep interventions in pediatric oncology: A systematic review of the evidence
Authors: Daniel Lauren C. , Catarozoli Corinne , Crabtree Valerie McLaughlin , Bridgeman Matthew , van Litsenburg Raphaele , Irestorm Elin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSleep concerns are common during pediatric cancer treatment and can last into survivorship. The current systematic review sought to identify intervention studies that addressed sleep as a primary or secondary outcome during pediatric cancer treatment up to 5 years after completing treatment. Quality assessment was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. The review identified 16 studies with a total of 943 participants that tested a wide range of interventions including psycho‐educational, stress management techniques, medications, and physical activity. Most studies included tested interventions in small samples. None of the included studies had a high risk of bias for all domains, but all included studies had a high risk of bias for at least two risk domains. Several feasible pilot studies were identified that warrant further research to test efficacy. Implications for future research and clinical practice to manage sleep concerns are discussed.