bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation and heart failure: a systemic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Xiong Qinmei , Lau Yee Cheng , Senoo Keitaro , Lane Deirdre A. , Hong Kui , Lip Gregory Y.H. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundNo pooled analysis has been undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of the non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) compared with warfarin in the subgroup of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF), including edoxaban data from recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsComprehensive literature searches were conducted using the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases from inception to April 2015. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsFour RCTs were included: 19 122 of 32 512 AF patients with HF were allocated to a NOAC (13 384 receiving single‐/high‐dose NOAC regimens), and 13 390 to warfarin. Among AF patients with HF, single/high‐dose NOACs significantly reduced the risk of stroke/systemic embolic (SE) events by 14% [odds ratio0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76–0.98), and had a 24% lower risk of major bleeding(OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.67–0.86). For low‐dose NOAC regimens, comparable efficacy to warfarin for stroke or SE events (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.86–1.21) and a non‐significant trend for lower major bleeding was observed. Regardless of high‐ or low‐dose NOAC, the incidences of both major bleeding and stroke/SE in AF patients with HF were similar to those without HF. Atrial fibrillation patients with HF on NOACs had a 41% lower risk of intracranial haemorrhage compared with those without HF (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.40–0.87).ConclusionAmong AF patients with HF, single‐/high‐dose NOAC regimens have a better efficacy and safety profile, but low‐dose regimens had similar efficacy and safety to warfarin. NOACs were similarly effective or even safer (less intracranial haemorrhage) in AF patients with HF compared with those without HF.
Protection of fish oil from oxidation with sesamol
Authors: Fhaner Matthew , Hwang Hong‐Sik , Winkler‐Moser Jill K. , Bakota Erica L. , Liu Sean X. 
Published: September 2015

The aim of this study was to determine whether sesamol may provide antioxidant protection for marine omega‐3 fatty acids. We tested the effectiveness of sesamol at two temperatures, 30 and 50°C and compared its antioxidant activity with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a commercial rosemary extract, and gamma‐oryzanol. Each antioxidant system was tested at two concentrations, 0.84 and 8.4 mM except for BHT of which the concentration was fixed at 0.84 mM BHT (200 ppm, the regulatory limit allowed in oils). 0.84 mM phenolic diterpenes in the rosemary extract protected fish oil very well. 0.84 mM sesamol was not as good as the rosemary extract as indicated by peroxide values, conjugated diene values, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels, and volatile compounds formation. However, 8.4 mM sesamol performed better than the rosemary extract containing 8.4 mM phenolic diterpenes in peroxide values and headspace volatiles compounds during storage of the stripped fish oil for 14 days at 30 and 50°C, while it showed similar results as the rosemary extract in conjugated diene values and EPA and DHA levels. Gamma‐oryzanol was also evaluated for protection of fish oil. However, it was found that gamma‐oryzanol was less effective than the other antioxidants tested in this study.Practical applications: At 8.4 mM (0.13 wt%), sesamol, a natural antioxidant, showed better than or comparable antioxidant activity to a commercial rosemary extract toward fish oil during storage at 30 and 50°C. Considering problems of flavor, odor, and color associated with a rosemary extract and that a rosemary extract product is typically sold as a solution containing only a few percent of active ingredients for oil applications, such as omega‐3 oil supplements and frying oil due to the low solubility of active ingredients in oil, sesamol offers advantages over the rosemary extract as it can be used as a pure form without mixing with other ingredients.8.4 mM sesamol protected fish oil from oxidation better than the leading commercial natural antioxidant, rosemary extract, containing 8.4 mM phenolic diterpenes at 30 and 50°C. Gamma‐oryzanol was less effective than the other antioxidants tested in this study.
Efficient phosphatidylserine synthesis by a phospholipase D from Streptomyces sp. SC734 isolated from soil‐contaminated palm oil
Authors: Choojit Saovanee , Bornscheuer Uwe T. , Upaichit Apichat , H‐Kittikun Aran 
Published: September 2015

In this contribution the synthesis of phosphatidylserine (PS) using a phospholipase D (PLD) produced by Streptomyces sp. isolated from soil‐ and wastewater‐contaminated palm oil is shown. Streptomyces sp. SC734 was found to produce PLD in the culture medium and showed the highest transphosphatidylation activity. This PLD was purified and characterized. The purified PLDSC734 converted phosphatidylcholine (PC) to PS completely in a biphasic system consisting of chloroform and sodium acetate buffer (pH 6.0) at 1:5 (mol/mol) of PC to l‐serine at 45°C within 40 min using 1.5 U PLD. The PLD could also synthesize PS from soybean lecithin with 100% conversion in the biphasic system at 1:7 (mol/mol) of soybean lecithin to l‐serine at 45°C in 60 min. In addition, the PLDSC734 could be used to synthesize PS from soybean lecithin in an aqueous system as well with up to 94.7% conversion in the presence of 2.5 mM Triton X‐100 in 100 min.Phospholipase D from Streptomyces sp. SC734 could be synthesized phosphatidylserine (PS) from phosphatidylcholine (PC) or lecithin and l‐serine in both biphasic and aqueous systems.
Testing the Situationism Scale in Europe: Scale validation, self‐regulation and regional differences
Authors: Roberts Megan E. , Wagner Lisa , Zorjan Saša , Nèmeth Enikö , van Toor Désie , Czaplinski Michał 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe term situationism refers to an individual's belief about the importance of a behaviour's context. This study tested whether the degree of situationism expressed by individuals in various regions of Europe was consistent with self‐regulation and cross‐cultural theories. The English version of a Situationism Scale (measuring beliefs about the relation between the environment and one's own behaviour) was translated into five additional languages: Dutch, German, Hungarian, Italian and Slovenian. Young adults (N = 1106, MAge = 22.9 years, 79% female) across Europe responded to one of the six language versions of the scale as part of a larger survey. Results indicated that: new language versions were psychometrically valid; there was a positive relation between situationism and the use of situation‐control strategies; and situationism was higher for individuals from regions that are Eastern European and relatively more interdependent, compared with individuals from regions that are Western European and relatively less interdependent. As the first evaluation of the Situationism Scale outside America, this study supports the Scale's validity and suggests not only may some effects of situationism be universal, but between‐ and within‐culture differences in situationism exist. Overall, when making judgments and decisions about the self, cultural background and individual differences in situationism may come into play.
Performance of pairwise shape dissimilarity morphometrics on nonmammalian taxa (Insecta: Neuroptera: Mantispidae)
Authors: Bakkes Deon K. , Snyman Louwtjie P. , Pirk Christian W.W. , Sole Catherine L. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTMorphometric dissimilarity metrics aim to quantify the variation between compared specimens such that inferences about their relatedness and alpha taxonomy can be made. Recently, the technique has developed metrics that purport to quantify shape dissimilarity between specimens—employing the use of least squares regression analysis. These metrics have been well applied by studies in the hominin fossil record with an arguably unsubstantiated backing for the technique. Originally postulated was the log10semmetric which subsequently led to the standard error test of the null hypothesis metric. Following this, the standard deviation of logged ratios (SLR) metric arose as a pairwise dissimilarity metric that constrains the regression to a zero‐intercept, that is, a significant development in the robustness of the technique. This metric was tested on extant primates in order to evaluate its effectiveness alongside the two other metrics. It was shown to be the most reliable for comparisons between specimens of primates, but was unable to discriminate between heterospecific and conspecific comparisons. Arguably, an alternative model organism with which to compare the technique is lacking. This study considers shape dissimilarity metrics with respect to a group of nonmammalian organisms (mantidflies) and tests the metrics against three lines of evidence (morphology, CO1‐DNA, and geographic distribution) that can delimit the species‐level taxonomy for the group. It is shown that the metrics are unable to discriminate between pairwise comparisons of closely related species, resulting in biologically erroneous groupings, and contradicting the groupings derived from morphological, CO1‐DNA, and distributional comparisons. It is thus asserted that the technique is unsuitable for use in alpha taxonomy as an additional line of evidence in mantidflies. It is further supposed that morphometrics in general should be employed with caution in studies of evolutionary history as phylogeny is not the only information contained within morphometric data. J. Morphol. 276:1482–1494, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extraction, identification, fractionation and isolation of phenolic compounds in plants with hepatoprotective effects
Authors: Pereira Carla , Barros Lillian , Ferreira Isabel CFR 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe liver is one of the most important organs of human body, being involved in several vital functions and regulation of physiological processes. Given its pivotal role in the excretion of waste metabolites and drugs detoxification, the liver is often subjected to oxidative stress that leads to lipid peroxidation and severe cellular damage. The conventional treatments of liver diseases such as cirrhosis, fatty liver and chronic hepatitis are frequently inadequate due to side effects caused by hepatotoxic chemical drugs. To overcome this problematic paradox, medicinal plants, owing to their natural richness in phenolic compounds, have been intensively exploited concerning their extracts and fraction composition in order to find bioactive compounds that could be isolated and applied in the treatment of liver ailments. The present review aimed to collect the main results of recent studies carried out in this field and systematize the information for a better understanding of the hepatoprotective capacity of medicinal plants in in vitro and in vivo systems. Generally, the assessed plant extracts revealed good hepatoprotective properties, justifying the fractionation and further isolation of phenolic compounds from different parts of the plant. Twenty‐five phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, lignan compounds, phenolic acids and other phenolic compounds, have been isolated and identified, and proved to be effective in the prevention and/or treatment of chemically induced liver damage. In this perspective, the use of medicinal plant extracts, fractions and phenolic compounds seems to be a promising strategy to avoid side effects caused by hepatotoxic chemicals. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Mapping and prioritizing seasonal habitats for greater sage‐grouse in Northwestern Colorado
Authors: Walker Brett L. , Apa Anthony D. , Eichhoff Karin 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTDelineating and prioritizing areas where wildlife occur on a seasonal basis is critical for successful conservation and management of at‐risk populations. Many local populations of greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are of conservation concern in western North America because of continuing habitat loss and degradation caused by changing land use. To manage populations, wildlife managers need accurate, high‐resolution maps of different seasonal habitats, guidelines for managing habitat at landscape scales, and quantitative tools to inform habitat prioritization and management. We conducted population‐level, multi‐scale, resource selection function (RSF) analyses with generalized estimating equations (GEE) using locations from 2006 to 2010 to model and map greater sage‐grouse seasonal habitats in the Parachute‐Piceance‐Roan population in northwestern Colorado. Areas selected by greater sage‐grouse in all seasons had a mix of habitats with a sagebrush component, less rugged topography, and less non‐sagebrush habitat. Selection or avoidance of most vegetation classes was best supported at the 100‐m or 400‐m scale in all seasons. Birds selected sagebrush and sagebrush‐grassland at intermediate elevations during breeding and winter and more diverse sagebrush habitats at higher elevations in summer and fall. Absolute validation index (AVI) analyses indicated that although most use locations were concentrated within a highly restricted portion of the study area in each season, a much larger proportion of the study area was required to encompass seasonal use locations for most individuals in the population. Our study illustrates the utility of multi‐scale RSF analyses with GEE for accurately mapping habitat and AVI analyses for informing prioritization efforts for populations of greater sage‐grouse. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Wildlife Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Ectopic adiposity is associated with autonomic risk factors and subclinical cardiovascular disease in young adults
Authors: Lee Jane J. , Woodard Genevieve A. , Gianaros Peter J. , Barinas‐Mitchell Emma , Tepper Ping G. , Conroy Molly B. 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between ectopic adiposity and markers of cardiometabolic risk, autonomic control, and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD).MethodsCross‐sectional analyses were performed in 324 subjects with overweight and obesity. Single‐slice CT images were analyzed to calculate thigh muscle attenuation (MA), a measure of ectopic adiposity. Autonomic control was assessed using low‐frequency to respiratory‐frequency heart rate variability (LFa/RFa ratio). Carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT) was a marker of subclinical CVD.ResultsAmong overweight participants, those with low MA had lower HDL‐c, higher LFa/RFa ratio, and subcutaneous thigh fat compared to high MA individuals despite no difference in visceral fat or insulin resistance. Significant associations were not observed in the class I obese group. In the class II obese group, those with high MA had higher triglycerides and insulin levels, yet there was no difference in visceral fat compared to the low MA group. Mean IMT was significantly higher in the low MA compared to the high MA overweight group (0.63 mm vs. 0.58 mm, P = 0.04) but was similar between the low and high MA class II obese groups.ConclusionsExcess ectopic adiposity in muscle tissue is associated with metabolic and autonomic risk factors and subclinical CVD, most notably in overweight individuals, independent of insulin resistance and visceral abdominal fat.
In vitro differentiation of mouse brown preadipocytes is enhanced by IGFBP‐3 expression and reduced by IGFBP‐3 silencing
Authors: Nguyen K. Hoa , Mishra Suresh , Nyomba B.L. Grégoire 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveWhite adipocyte metabolism is regulated by insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein (IGFBP)‐3, but its effect on brown adipocytes is not known. This study investigated whether IGFBP‐3 influences the proliferation and differentiation of brown preadipocytes in primary culture.MethodsIn vitro growth and differentiation of brown preadipocytes from wild‐type mice, transgenic mice overexpressing human IGFBP‐3 (PGKBP3), or its non‐IGF‐binding Gly56/Gly80/Gly81‐mutant (PGKmutBP3), and wild‐type brown preadipocytes transfected with IGFBP‐3 siRNA were studied by us. In addition to IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 expression, brown preadipocyte growth and differentiation were assessed by antiproliferating cell nuclear antigen, oil red O, brown fat gene expression, and phosphorylation states of Akt and ERK.ResultsAkt phosphorylation and IGF‐I expression were paralleled by initial growth and differentiation and were slower for PGKBP3 brown preadipocytes than PGKmutBP3 and wild‐type preadipocytes. Terminal adipocyte differentiation as assessed by lipid accumulation coincided with ERK inhibition and was greatest in PGKmutBP3 cells, followed by PGKBP3 cells and then wild‐type cells, whereas adipocyte differentiation was poor after IGFBP‐3 siRNA treatment. Thermogenic genes were increased by IGFBP‐3 overexpression, but lower in differentiated PGKmutBP3 than PGKBP3 cells.ConclusionsBrown adipocyte growth and differentiation in vitro were affected by the manipulation of IGFBP‐3 expression, suggesting that IGFBP‐3 is a factor regulating brown adipocyte fate.
Weight maintenance following the STRIDE lifestyle intervention for individuals taking antipsychotic medications
Authors: Green Carla A. , Yarborough Bobbi Jo H. , Leo Michael C. , Stumbo Scott P. , Perrin Nancy A. , Nichols Gregory A. , Stevens Victor J. 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveIndividuals taking antipsychotic medications have increased risk of obesity‐related early morbidity/mortality. This report presents weight maintenance results from a successful weight loss and behavioral lifestyle change program developed for people taking antipsychotic medications.MethodsSTRIDE was a two‐arm randomized controlled trial. Intervention participants attended weekly group meetings for 6 months, then monthly group meetings for 6 months. Assessments were completed at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months.ResultsAt 24 months, intervention participants lost 3.7% of baseline weight and control participants 2.1%, a non‐significant difference. Fasting glucose results followed a similar pattern. There was a statistically significant difference, however, for fasting insulin—the intervention group's levels decreased between the end of the intensive intervention (at 6 months) and 24 months (10.1‐7.91 μU/mL); control participants’ levels increased (11.66 to 12.92 μU/mL) during this period. There were also fewer medical hospitalizations among intervention participants (5.7%) than controls (21.1%; χ2 = 8.47, P = 0.004) during the 12‐ to 24‐month post‐intervention maintenance period.ConclusionsWeight change differences between arms diminished following the intervention period, though fasting insulin levels continued to improve. Reduced hospitalizations suggest that weight loss, even with regain, may have long‐term positive benefits for people taking antipsychotic medications and may reduce costs.
Progression of metalorganic chemical vapour‐deposited CdTe thin‐film PV devices towards modules
Authors: Kartopu Giray , Phillips Laurie J. , Barrioz Vincent , Irvine Stuart J. C. , Hodgson Simon D. , Tejedor Eva , Dupin David , Clayton Andrew J. , Rugen‐Hankey Sarah L. , Durose Ken 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper reports important developments achieved with CdTe thin‐film photovoltaic devices produced using metalorganic chemical vapour deposition at atmospheric pressure. In particular, attention was paid to understand the enhancements in solar cell conversion efficiency, to develop the cell design, and assess scalability towards modules. Improvements in the device performance were achieved by optimising the high‐transparency window layer (Cd0.3Zn0.7S) and a device‐activation anneal. These increased the fill factor and open‐circuit voltage to 77 ± 1% and 785 ± 7 mV, respectively, compared with 69 ± 3% and 710 ± 10 mV for previous baseline devices with no anneal and thicker Cd0.3Zn0.7S. The enhancement in these parameters is associated with the two fold to three fold increase in the net acceptor density of CdTe upon air annealing and a decrease in the back contact barrier height from 0.24 ± 0.01 to 0.16 ± 0.02 eV. The optimum thickness of the window layer for maximum photocurrent was 150 nm. The cell size was scaled from 0.25 to 2 cm2 in order to assess its impact on the device series resistance and fill factor. Finally, micro‐module devices utilising series‐connected 2‐cm2 sub‐cells were fabricated using a combination of laser and mechanical scribing techniques. An initial module‐to‐cell efficiency ratio of 0.9 was demonstrated for a six‐cell module with the use of the improved device structure and processing. Prospects for CdTe photovoltaic modules grown by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition are commented on. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association of parasuicidal behaviour to early maladaptive schemas and schema modes in patients with BPD: The Oulu BPD study
Authors: Leppänen Virpi , Vuorenmaa Elina , Lindeman Sari , Tuulari Jyrki , Hakko Helinä 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe present study aimed to examine which early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and schema modes emerged in parasuicidal and non‐parasuicidal patients with BPD participating in the Oulu BPD study. The patients' EMSs were assessed using the Young Schema Questionnaire, and schema modes using the Young Atkinson Mode Inventory. Sixty patients with BPD responded to both the schema and schema mode questionnaires; of these, 46 (76.7%) fulfilled the criteria for parasuicidality. In BPD patients with parasuicidality, the EMSs of emotional deprivation, abandonment/instability, mistrust/abuse and social isolation were the most prevalent, and the schema modes of vulnerable child, angry child, detached protector and compliant surrender were prominent. In patients without parasuicidality, the schema modes of healthy adult and happy child were the most prevalent. Significant correlations were observed between the schema modes of detached protector, vulnerable child, punitive parent and angry child and almost every EMS in BPD patients with parasuicidality. Our preliminary findings suggest that associations between certain EMSs and schema modes to parasuicidality in BPD patients may provide valuable information when planning and implementing their treatment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.