bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potency of cassava leaf as protein source for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Amare Tigist Ashagre , Storebakken Trond , Mørkøre Turid , Nurfeta Ajebu , Ahlstrøm Øystein 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) leaves are cheap and readily available resource that can be used as a feed ingredient for Nile tilapia although they have different constituents that affect their nutritional values. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of processing methods on nutrient content of cassava leaves, digestibility, and growth performance of Nile tilapia. Eight processing methods, namely air-drying, soaking and boiling, baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), rumen-fluid, molasses, yeast-rumen-fluid, yeast-molasses and molasses-rumen-fluid fermentations, were applied. One control and eight processed cassava leaf-based diets were made. The cassava leaf protein replaced 30% of crude protein (CP) from soybean cake in the control diet. The results showed that CP content in dry matter (DM) varied from 21.7 ± 0.25% (Molasses fermentation) to 30.3 ± 0.25% (Yeast-rumen-fluid fermentation). Rumen-fluid fermentation showed higher (p < 0.05) level of gross energy (21.9 ± 0.02 MJ/kg, DM) and ether extract (12.0 ± 0.21%) compared with other treatments. The apparent digestibility coefficient of CP was generally higher in the control diet (89.9 ± 0.61% in the hindgut), followed by rumen-fluid fermented diet (87.2 ± 0.61%), rumen-fluid-molasses fermented diet (86.1 ± 0.61%) and yeast-molasses fermented diet (85.3 ± 0.61%). Besides the control diet, the latter three diets also revealed the best growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and production profitability. In conclusion, rumen-fluid, yeast-molasses, and rumen-fluid-molasses fermentation methods improved the nutritional value of cassava leaves. Diets with 30% protein from soybean cake replaced by rumen-fluid, rumen-fluid-molasses and yeast-molasses fermented cassava leaves had overall acceptable growth performance with better production outcomes for Nile tilapia farming.
Genomics detects cryptic wallaby invasion
Authors: Veale A. J. , McEwan J. C. , Brauning R. , Van Stijn T. , Latham A. D. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile conducting a landscape genomics study of invasive tammar wallabies (Notamacropus eugenii) in Aotearoa New Zealand we discovered that parma wallabies (N. parma) are also present in the North Island. This population has gone undetected for at least 30 years (and potentially for over a century), hidden amongst the morphologically similar tammar wallabies. The fact that an invasive wallaby species could remain undetected for so long, highlights the need for greater monitoring efforts for invasive species including genomic species identification.
Developing Early Childhood Teacher Confidence to Implement Classroom Music and Movement Activities: Key Professional Learning Features
Authors: Savage Sally , Bentley Laura. A. , Williams Kate. E. , Nielson Cathy , Eager Rebecca 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMusic and movement activities are universal in children’s play and socialisation and are fundamental tools to utilise in early years teaching. Early childhood teachers tend to value the positive role music and movement can play in their work, however teacher confidence to implement music-based activities varies, often due to a lack of professional learning opportunities. Findings from a study that trained and coached five early childhood teachers, with no prior formal music training, to deliver a specific rhythm and movement program are highlighted throughout this paper. Qualitative data gained through interviews articulates the teachers’ experiences of professional learning, the approach to building their skills and confidence in this area, and the key areas that led to success. Important elements of the professional learning approach included active participation, provision of a video resource library, the nature of the evidence-based and structured program, ease of access, and coaching and implementation support throughout. These key elements, identified as being successful in boosting teacher confidence to use music in their practice, may be readily taken up by other programs, and are transferable to other curriculum and pedagogical areas beyond music.
Short inter-pregnancy interval and birthweight: a reappraisal based on a follow-up study of all women in Norway with two singleton deliveries during 1970–2019
Authors: Eskild Anne , Skau Irene , Haavaldsen Camilla , Saugstad Ola Didrik , Grytten Jostein 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe studied mean changes in birthweight from the first to the second delivery according to length of the inter-pregnancy interval. We also studied recurrence risk of low birthweight, preterm birth and perinatal death. We followed all women in Norway from their first to their second singleton delivery at gestational week 22 or beyond during the years 1970–2019, a total of 654 100 women. Data were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Mean birthweight increased from the first to the second delivery, and the increase was highest in pregnancies conceived < 6 months after the first delivery; adjusted mean birthweight increase 227 g (g) (95% CI; 219–236 g), 90 g higher than in pregnancies conceived 6–11 months after the first delivery (137 g (95% CI; 130–144 g)). After exclusion of women with a first stillbirth, the mean increase in birthweight at inter-pregnancy interval < 6 months was attenuated (152 g, 95% CI; 143–160 g), but remained higher than at longer inter-pregnancy intervals. This finding was particularly prominent in women > 35 years (218 g, 95% CI; 139 –298 g). In women with a first live born infant weighing < 2500 g, mean birthweight increased by around 1000 g to the second delivery, and the increase was most prominent at < 6 months inter-pregnancy interval. We found increased recurrence risk of preterm birth at inter-pregnancy interval < 6 months, but no increased recurrence risk of low birthweight, small for gestational age infant or perinatal death. In conclusion, we found the highest mean increase in birthweight when the inter-pregnancy interval was short. Our results do not generally discourage short pregnancy intervals.
An Alternating Direction Multiplier Method for the Inversion of FDEM Data
Authors: Buccini Alessandro , de Alba Patricia Díaz , Pes Federica 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on the numerical solution of nonlinear inverse problems in applied geophysics. Our aim is to reconstruct the structure of the soil, i.e., either its electrical conductivity or the magnetic permeability distribution, by inverting frequency domain electromagnetic data. This is a very challenging task since the problem is nonlinear and severely ill-conditioned. To solve the nonlinear inverse problem, we propose an alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM), we prove its convergence, and propose an automated strategy to determine the parameters involved. Moreover, we present two heuristic variations of the ADMM that either improve the accuracy of the computed solutions or lower the computational cost. The effectiveness of the different proposed methods is illustrated through few numerical examples.
Metabolic signatures derived from whole-brain MR-spectroscopy identify early tumor progression in high-grade gliomas using machine learning
Authors: Rivera Cameron A. , Bhatia Shovan , Morell Alexis A. , Daggubati Lekhaj C. , Merenzon Martin A. , Sheriff Sulaiman A. , Luther Evan , Chandar Jay , S. Levy Adam , Metzler Ashley R. , Berke Chandler N. , Goryawala Mohammed , Mellon Eric A. , Bhatia Rita G. , Nagornaya Natalya , Saigal Gaurav , I de la Fuente Macarena , Komotar Ricardo J. , Ivan Michael E. , Shah Ashish H. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Recurrence for high-grade gliomas is inevitable despite maximal safe resection and adjuvant chemoradiation, and current imaging techniques fall short in predicting future progression. However, we introduce a novel whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy (WB-MRS) protocol that delves into the intricacies of tumor microenvironments, offering a comprehensive understanding of glioma progression to inform expectant surgical and adjuvant intervention.

Methods
We investigated five locoregional tumor metabolites in a post-treatment population and applied machine learning (ML) techniques to analyze key relationships within seven regions of interest: contralateral normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), contrast-enhancing tumor at time of WB-MRS (Tumor), areas of future recurrence (AFR), whole-brain healthy (WBH), non-progressive FLAIR (NPF), and progressive FLAIR (PF). Five supervised ML classification models and a neural network were developed, optimized, trained, tested, and validated. Lastly, a web application was developed to host our novel calculator, the Miami Glioma Prediction Map (MGPM), for open-source interaction.

Results
Sixteen patients with histopathological confirmation of high-grade glioma prior to WB-MRS were included in this study, totaling 118,922 whole-brain voxels. ML models successfully differentiated normal-appearing white matter from tumor and future progression. Notably, the highest performing ML model predicted glioma progression within fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal in the post-treatment setting (mean AUC = 0.86), with Cho/Cr as the most important feature.

Conclusions
This study marks a significant milestone as the first of its kind to unveil radiographic occult glioma progression in post-treatment gliomas within 8 months of discovery. These findings underscore the utility of ML-based WB-MRS growth predictions, presenting a promising avenue for the guidance of early treatment decision-making. This research represents a crucial advancement in predicting the timing and location of glioblastoma recurrence, which can inform treatment decisions to improve patient outcomes.
Do endocrine disrupting compounds impact earthworms? A comprehensive evidence review
Authors: Azevedo Tiago , Gonçalves Mariana , Silva-Reis Rita , Medeiros-Fonseca Beatriz , Roboredo Marta , Sousa João R. , Oliveira Paula A. , Pinto Maria de Lurdes , Peixoto Francisco , Gaivão Isabel , Matos Manuela , Coimbra Ana M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEndocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are ubiquitous in soil, posing serious risks to soil biota, especially earthworms, which have been found to be affected by these compounds, despite not being their typical target organisms. Earthworms are essential for sustaining soil health and quality, by promoting soil aeration, organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling, among other functions. This review synthesizes available literature evidencing the negative impact of EDC exposure, through traditional endocrine pathways and other toxicological mechanisms, on histopathological, biochemical, molecular and reproductive endpoints of earthworms. The compounds described, in the consulted literature, to induce histopathological, biochemical, genotoxicity and molecular and reproductive alterations include antibiotics, antimicrobial additives, flame retardants, fragrances, fungicides, herbicides, hormones, inorganic ions, insecticides, organic UV filters, parabens, perfluoroalkyl substances, pesticides, petroleum derivatives, plasticizers and polychlorinated biphenyls. These compounds reach soil through direct application or via contaminated organic amendments and water derived from potentially polluted sources. The findings gather in the present review highlight the vulnerability of earthworms to a broad spectrum of chemicals with endocrine disrupting capacity. Additionally, these studies emphasize the physiological disruptions caused by EDC exposure, underscoring the critical need to protect biodiversity, including earthworms, to ensure soil quality and ecosystem sustainability. Ongoing research has provided insights into molecular mechanisms responsive to EDCs in earthworms, including the identification of putative hormone receptors that exhibit functional similarity to those present in vertebrates. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the impact of EDCs in earthworms, especially through non-hormonal mediated pathways, and addresses the need for strong regulatory frameworks to mitigate the detrimental effects of EDCs on soil invertebrates in order to safeguard soil ecosystems.
Graphical abstract
Tweeting and retweeting scientific articles: implications for altmetrics
Authors: Maleki Ashraf , Holmberg Kim 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite differences in extent of engagement of users, original tweets and retweets to scientific publications are considered as equal events. Current research investigates quantifiable differences between tweets and retweets from an altmetric point of view. Twitter users, text, and media content of two datasets, one containing 742 randomly selected tweets and retweets (371 each) and another with 5898 tweets and retweets (about 3000 each), all linking to scientific articles published on PLoS ONE, were manually categorized. Results from analyzing the proportions of tweets and retweets indicated that academic and individual accounts produce majority of original tweets (34% and 55%, respectively) and posted significantly larger proportion of retweets (41.5 and 81%). Bot accounts, on the other hand, had posted significantly more original tweets (20%) than retweets (2%). Natural communication sentences prevailed in retweets and tweets (63% vs. 45%) as well as images (41.5% vs. 23%), both showing a significant rise in usage overtime. Overall, the findings suggest that the attention scientific articles receive on Twitter may have more to do with human interaction and inclusion of visual content in the tweets, than the significance of or genuine interest towards the research results.
Environmental Protection, Rights of Nature, and Religious Beliefs in Europe
Authors: Ugwu Ikechukwu P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the rights of nature (RoN) as a product of religious beliefs and how the increasing abandonment of religious beliefs in Europe could impact the development of RoN on the continent. As a concept rooted in religious and Indigenous peoples’ practices, this article argues that there are no religious and Indigenous peoples’ ideologies in Europe upon which RoN of nature could be anchored. Furthermore, since hardly any groups in Europe identify as Indigenous peoples in the strict sense of the term, except some groups in Scandinavia, RoN in Europe cannot be effective as there is no special attachment of most Europeans to natural entities. To achieve this argument, the Enlightenment period is pointed out as the starting point for the abandonment of religion in Europe. Because of this, the article contends that the recent law on RoN for Mar Menor in Spain may fail as it is not rooted in religious philosophies. To transplant RoN to Europe and for it to be effective, a new religion with spiritual traditions and insights consistent with the worldview of RoN would have to be developed. However, for such a view to be protected under Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights, it must “attain a certain level of cogency, seriousness, cohesion, and importance.” It is not certain if RoN has attained such a threshold in Europe or will ever attain it. Using the Białowieża Forest case, the paper concludes that nature already has adequate protection in the current legal system in Europe, and it is not necessary for the European Union to adopt RoN.
Comparison and characterization of the bacterial microbiota and SIgA production in different gastrointestinal segments in horses
Authors: Żak-Bochenek Agnieszka , Żebrowska-Różańska P. , Bajzert J. , Siwińska N. , Madej J. P. , Kaleta-Kuratewicz K. , Bochen P. , Łaczmański Ł. , Chełmońska-Soyta A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the gastrointestinal mucosa, there is a close cooperation between secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and the composition of the microbiota, which aims to maintain homeostasis as well as act as a protective barrier. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition of microbiota and SIgA production in different parts of the digestive tract (small intestine, cecum, colon and rectum) of nine healthy horses and its reflection in the feces. For this purpose, we determined: the composition of the microbiome (by next-generation Sequencing of Hypervariable Regions V3-V4 and V7-V9 of the 16 S rRNA gene analysis), the amount of SIgA in the intestinal content samples (by ELISA), as well as the number of IgA-producing cells (IgA+) in the tissue samples (by immohistochemical analysis). Significant differences were observed between the small intestine and the large colon in the composition and diversity of the microbiome, as well as the number of IgA + cells in the mucosal lamina propria and the abundance of SIgA in the intestinal lumen. The small intestine in relation to the large colon is characterised by fewer IgA + cells, more SIgA in the intestinal contents and a less diverse microbiome. However, the cecum appears to be the third separate ecosystem, with a high number of IgA + cells and a diverse microbiome. The fecal sample reflects the current state of the large colon, both in terms of the microbiome and SIgA content; however, it is not known to what extent it may be influenced by dysbiosis in other parts of the digestive tract.
Two-month ketogenic diet alters systemic and brain metabolism in middle-aged female mice
Authors: Roslund Kirsten J. , Ramsey Jon J. , Rutkowsky Jennifer M. , Zhou Zeyu , Slupsky Carolyn M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe ketogenic diet (KD) is a very low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet that reduces glucose catabolism and enhances β-oxidation and ketogenesis. While research in female rodents is limited, research in male rodents suggests that ketogenic interventions initiated at midlife may slow age-related cognitive decline, as well as preserve muscle mass and physical function later in life. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a KD on global metabolic changes in middle-aged females to inform potential mechanisms behind the anti-aging effects of this diet in an understudied sex. Targeted 1H-NMR metabolomics was conducted on serum, the liver, the kidney, and the gastrocnemius muscle, as well as the cortex and the hippocampal brain regions in 16-month-old female mice after a 2-month KD. Analysis of the serum and liver metabolome revealed that the 2-month KD resulted in increased concentrations of fatty acid catabolism metabolites, as well as system-wide elevations in ketones, consistent with the ketogenic phenotype. Metabolites involved in the glucose-alanine cycle were altered in the gastrocnemius muscle, serum and the liver. Other tissue-specific alterations were detected, including distinct effects on hepatic and renal one-carbon metabolism, as well as region specific differences in metabolism across hippocampal and cortical parts of the brain. Alterations to hippocampal metabolites involved in myelinogenesis could relate to the potential beneficial effects of a KD on memory.
Rare Primitive Lung Adenocarcinoma in Larynx: A Case Report
Authors: Maglione Maria Grazia , Salzano Giovanni , Maffia Francesco , Spinelli Raffaele , Carraturo Emanuele , De Cecio Rossella , Ionna Franco 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLaryngeal metastasis from a primitive distant cancer is a rare finding in clinical practice. In this paper is presented the case of a 63-year-old patient treated for lung adenocarcinoma metastasis in the supraglottic larynx. A review of literature suggests how the treatment of this kind of case is not unique.
Self-directedness mediates the association of child abuse and neglect experiences with personality pathology
Authors: Perrini Filippo , Bussone Silvia , Semerari Antonio , Salvati Marco , Montano Antonella 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt is well established that the exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may alter the the development of personality. Nevertheless, only a part of individuals exposed to ACEs actually develop Personality Disorders (PDs). According to the alternative model of PDs, impairments in dimensional self-aspects, i.e., Identity and Self-direction (SD), may represent potential candidates to promote the transition from ACEs to PDs. We analysed patients’ data from the A.T. Beck Institute of Rome (n = 626) to evaluate the ACEs and SD interplay in PDs patients using Cloninger’s Self-Directedness to assess their SD. First, we explored the presence of ACEs in patients affected by PDs. Secondly, we examined the association between ACEs and SD and subsequently how SD influences the severity of the PDs. Finally, since SD and ACEs were both associated to PDs, we wondered if SD could mediate the relationships between ACEs and PDs. Results evidenced a partial competitive mediation effect of SD on the relationship between child abuse and neglect and the number of PDs. In agreement with the AMPD, Self-functioning dimension may represent a main target for psychotherapeutic intervention.
Responding to existential distress at the end of life: Psychedelics and psychedelic experiences and/ as medicine
Authors: Emmerich Nathan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis essay engages with the (re)emergence of psychedelic medicine and the idea of psychedelics drugs and the experiences they induce as a developing therapeutic modality. It does so in the context of the provision of psychedelics to terminally ill patients experiencing existential distress as they approach the end of their lives. Reflecting on such suggestions facilitates an examination of a specific aspect of psychedelics and/ as medicine (or palliative care), namely questions of meaning and meaninglessness. Understood as impacting one’s ability to make or realise meaning in life, existential distress commonly entails a degree of demoralisation. In some cases, individuals can be thought of as inhabiting (and being inhabited by) a sense of meaninglessness. In contrast, the experiences psychedelics seem to induce are often imbued with a great deal of meaning, a sense of which seems to continue long after the psychoactive effects of such drugs have ceased. Whilst briefly considering whether or not meaning can properly be thought of as a matter for healthcare or a medical concern, this paper seeks to highlight some of the implications that the advent of psychedelic medicine might have. By way of a conclusion, I enjoin bioethics in recognising itself as a meaningful cultural discourse that is implicated in the future(s) of medicine, psychedelics and being human.