bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Exit les oreilles » : parodie, ironie et humour féministes dans Nunuche et Nunuche gurlz
Authors: Saint-Martin Lori , Gibeau Ariane 
Published: February 2013

Les magazines parodiques Nunuche et Nunuche gurlz méritent l’attention en ce qu’ils présentent un traitement hilarant des procédés rhétoriques dont fait usage la presse féminine tout en posant un regard ironique et incisif sur l’univers de la mode et de la beauté. Cette parodie, étonnamment, n’est pas aussi outrancière qu’elle peut le sembler. En fait, il faut se demander si la presse féminine n’est pas si exagérée dans sa façon de concevoir le féminin qu’elle serait elle-même une parodie, mais une parodie de quoi? Selon Judith Butler, la féminité est une « parodie sans original », une réalité fabriquée qui surgit grâce à plusieurs actions et comportements répétés. La presse féminine serait donc une caricature d’elle-même, la parodie sans original d’un féminin qui n’existe pas, ce que Nunuche permet de mettre en lumière. En recyclant les idées reçues et les clichés parfois indigents de la presse féminine, l’entreprise Nunuche crée du neuf, rend ridicule ce qui cherchait à séduire et produit de l’humour : elle joue ainsi un rôle social et politique indispensable.
Dispersión del numerario de Sekia
Authors: Stefanelli Francesco Vittorio 
Published: February 2013

Se presenta la ordenación y actualización de los hallazgos de la ceca de Sekia sita en territorio suessetano, por medio de los cuales se deducen las motivaciones históricas de su activación relacionables con la presencia bélica romana en el Valle del Ebro y su papel integrado en el circuito económico de la zona del río Ebro.
Evaluation of B Cell Function in Patients with HIV
Authors: Buckner Clarisa M. , Kardava Lela , Moir Susan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractHIV disease is associated with abnormalities in all major lymphocyte populations, including B cells. B cell dysfunction in HIV infection is largely driven by alterations in the subsets of B cells that circulate in the blood or reside in tissues. Meaningful functional assays are thus dependent on the identification and isolation of B cell subsets present in the starting material. This unit describes several assays designed to phenotype, fractionate, and assess functional properties of B cells that circulate in the blood of HIV‐infected individuals. The four protocols, which have been adapted from standard techniques, are tailored to evaluate B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of individuals infected with HIV, but can also be applied to other disease settings and PBMCs isolated from healthy individuals. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 100:12.13.1‐12.13.18. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis in the Mouse
Authors: Wu Bo , Goluszko Elzbieta , Huda Ruksana , Tüzün Erdem , Christadoss Premkumar 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMyasthenia gravis (MG) is a T cell–dependent antibody‐mediated autoimmune neuromuscular disease. Antibodies to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) destroy the AChR, thus leading to defective neuromuscular transmission of electrical impulse and to muscle weakness. This unit is a practical guide to the induction and evaluation of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) in the mouse, the animal model for MG. Protocols are provided for the extraction and purification of AChR from the electric organs of Torpedo californica, or the electric ray. The purified receptor is used as an immunogen to induce autoimmunity to AChR, thus causing EAMG. The defect in neuromuscular transmission can also be measured quantitatively by electromyography. In addition, EAMG is frequently characterized by the presence of serum antibodies to AChR, which are measured by radioimmunoassay and by a marked antibody‐mediated reduction in the number of muscle AChRs. AChR extracted from mouse muscle is used in measuring serum antibody levels and for quantifying muscle AChR content. Another hallmark of the disease is complement and IgG deposits located at the neuromuscular junction, which can be visualized by immunofluorescence techniques. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 100:15.8.1‐15.8.26. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Measurement of MHC/Peptide Interactions by Gel Filtration or Monoclonal Antibody Capture
Authors: Sidney John , Southwood Scott , Moore Carrie , Oseroff Carla , Pinilla Clemencia , Grey Howard M. , Sette Alessandro 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis unit describes a technique for the direct and quantitative measurement of the capacity of peptide ligands to bind Class I and Class II MHC molecules. The binding of a peptide of interest to MHC is assessed based on its ability to inhibit the binding of a radiolabeled probe peptide to purified MHC molecules. This unit includes protocols for the purification of Class I and Class II MHC molecules by affinity chromatography, and for the radiolabeling of peptides using the chloramine T method. An alternate protocol describes alterations in the basic protocol that are necessary when performing direct binding assays, which are required for (1) selecting appropriate high‐affinity, assay‐specific, radiolabeled ligands, and (2) determining the amount of MHC necessary to yield assays with the highest sensitivity. After a predetermined incubation period, dependent upon the allele under examination, the bound and unbound radiolabeled species are separated, and their relative amounts are determined. Three methods for separation are described, two utilizing size‐exclusion gel‐filtration chromatography and a third using monoclonal antibody capture of MHC. Data analysis for each method is also explained. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 100:18.3.1‐18.3.36. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Rheological and Drying Considerations for Uniformly Gravure‐Printed Layers: Towards Large‐Area Flexible Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hernandez‐Sosa Gerardo , Bornemann Nils , Ringle Ingo , Agari Michaela , Dörsam Edgar , Mechau Norman , Lemmer Uli 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPrinting organic semiconductor inks by means of roll‐to‐roll compatible techniques will allow a continuous, high‐volume fabrication of large‐area flexible optoelectronic devices. The gravure printing technique is set to become a widespread process for the high throughput fabrication of functional layers. The gravure printing process of a poly‐phenylvinylene derivative light‐emitting polymer dissolved in a two solvent mixture on poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is studied. The surface tensions, contact angles, viscosities, and drying times of the formulations are investigated as a function of the solvent volume fraction and polymer concentration. The properties of the ink grant a homogeneous printed layer, suitable for device fabrication, when the calculated film leveling time is shorter than a critical time, at which the film has been frozen due to loss of solvent via evaporation. The knowledge obtained from the printing process is applied to fabricate organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) on flexible substrates, yielding a luminance of ≈5000 cd m−2.
Controllable Particle Adhesion with a Magnetically Actuated Synthetic Gecko Adhesive
Authors: Gillies Andrew G. , Kwak Jonghun , Fearing Ronald S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractParticle capture and release using controllable adhesion is of growing interest in many fields including reusable adhesives, solar panel cleaning, micro‐manipulation and robot locomotion where current methods of particle management are not sufficient. Here controllable adhesion to glass spheres with a new magnetically actuated synthetic gecko adhesive made from a magnetoelastomer composite is demonstrated. Adhesion is controlled by changing the effective elastic modulus of the surface through actuation of micro surface features with an external magnetic field. A compliant mechanics and magnetic torque analysis explains this general principle and generalizes the results for various geometries. Results show sphere pull‐off forces can be increased 10‐fold by changing the ridge orientation via the external magnetic field, and that the effective elastic modulus can be changed from 65 kPa to 1.5 MPa. Particle transport and release of 500‐ and 1000‐micrometer glass spheres is also demonstrated.
Rigidity‐Patterned Polyelectrolyte Films to Control Myoblast Cell Adhesion and Spatial Organization
Authors: Monge Claire , Saha Naresh , Boudou Thomas , Pózos‐Vásquez Cuauhtemoc , Dulong Virginie , Glinel Karine , Picart Catherine 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn vivo, cells are sensitive to the stiffness of their microenvironment and to the spatial organization of the stiffness. In vitro studies of this phenomenon can help to better understand the mechanisms of the cell response to spatial variations of the matrix stiffness. Here, polelyelectrolyte multilayer films made of poly(L‐lysine) and a photoreactive hyaluronan derivative are designed. These films can be photo‐crosslinked through a photomask to create spatial patterns of rigidity. Quartz substrates incorporating a chromium mask are prepared to expose selectively the film to UV light (in a physiological buffer), without any direct contact between the photomask and the soft film. It is shown that these micropatterns are chemically homogeneous and flat, without any preferential adsorption of adhesive proteins. Three groups of pattern geometries differing by their shape (circles or lines), size (from 2 to 100 μm), or interspacing distance between the motifs are used to study the adhesion and spatial organization of myoblast cells. The results pave the way for the study of the different steps of myoblast fusion in response to matrix rigidity in well‐defined geometrical conditions.
Rapid, One‐Step, Digital Selective Growth of ZnO Nanowires on 3D Structures Using Laser Induced Hydrothermal Growth
Authors: Yeo Junyeob , Hong Sukjoon , Wanit Manorotkul , Kang Hyun Wook , Lee Daeho , Grigoropoulos Costas P. , Sung Hyung Jin , Ko Seung Hwan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFor functional nanowire based electronics fabrication, conventionally, combination of complex multiple steps, such as (1) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of nanowire, (2) harvesting of nanowire, (3) manipulation and placement of individual nanowires, and (4) integration of nanowire to circuit are necessary. Each step is very time consuming, expensive, and environmentally unfriendly, and only a very low yield is achieved through the multiple steps. As an alternative to conventional complex multistep approach, original findings are presented on the first demonstration of rapid, one step, digital selective growth of nanowires directly on 3D micro/nanostructures by developing a novel approach; laser induced hydrothermal growth (LIHG) without any complex integration of series of multiple process steps such as using any conventional photolithography process or CVD. The LIHG process can grow nanowires by scanning a focused laser beam as a local heat source in a fully digital manner to grow nanowires on arbitrary patterns and even on the non‐flat, 3D micro/nano structures in a safer liquid environment, as opposed to a gas environment. The LIHG process can greatly reduce the processing lead time and simplify the nanowire‐based nanofabrication process by removing multiple steps for growth, harvest, manipulation/placement, and integration of the nanowires. LIHG process can grow nanowire directly on 3D micro/nano structures, which will be extremely challenging even for the conventional nanowire integration processes. LIHG does not need a vacuum environment to grow nanowires but can be performed in a solution environment which is safer and cheaper. LIHG can also be used for flexible substrates such as temperature‐sensitive polymers due to the low processing temperature. Most of all, the LIHG process is a digital process that does not require conventional vacuum deposition or a photolithography mask.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazoline Derivatives Bearing a Dithiocarbamate Moiety as New Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Altintop Mehlika D. , Özdemir Ahmet , Kaplancikli Zafer A. , Turan‐Zitouni Gülhan , Temel Halide E. , Çiftçi Gülşen A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn the present study, new pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized via the reaction of 1‐(chloroacetyl)‐3‐(2‐furyl)‐5‐aryl‐2‐pyrazolines with sodium salts of N,N‐disubstituted dithiocarbamic acids. Each derivative was evaluated for its ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) using a modification of Ellman's spectrophotometric method. The compounds were also investigated for their cytotoxic properties using the MTT assay. The most potent AChE inhibitor was found as compound 7 followed by compounds 27 and 17, when compared with eserine. Compounds effective on AChE carry the 2‐dimethylaminoethyl moiety, which resembles the trimethylammonium group and the ethylene bridge of acetylcholine. Among all compounds, compound 7 bearing 2‐dimethylaminoethyl and 3,4‐methylenedioxyphenyl moieties was also found to be the most effective inhibitor of BuChE. The MTT assay indicated that the effective concentration of compound 7 was lower than its cytotoxic concentration.
Formation of Nanostructured MnO/Co/Solid–Electrolyte Interphase Ternary Composites as a Durable Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Dang Feng , Oaki Yuya , Kokubu Takao , Hosono Eiji , Zhou Haoshen , Imai Hiroaki 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNanoporous MnO frameworks with highly dispersed Co nanoparticles were produced from MnCO3 precursors prepared in a gel matrix. The MnO frameworks that contain 20 mol % Co exhibited excellent cycle performance as an anode material for Li‐ion batteries. The solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed in the frameworks through the electrochemical reaction mediates the active materials, such as MnO, Mn, and Li2O, during the conversion reaction in the charge–discharge cycle. The Co nanoparticles and SEI provide the electron and Li‐ion conductive networks, respectively. The ternary nanocomposites of the MnO framework, metallic Co nanoparticles, and embedded SEI are categorized as durable anode materials for Li‐ion batteries.
Cascading use: a systematic approach to biomass beyond the energy sector
Authors: Keegan Dearbhla , Kretschmer Bettina , Elbersen Berien , Panoutsou Calliope 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGrowing demand for biomass for energy in Europe and beyond, alongside growing interest in the use of biomass to replace petroleum and other conventional materials in the production of industrial products and chemicals, necessitates consideration of how the limited supplies of biomass can be used most efficiently. This paper presents the concept of cascading the use of biomass (i.e. a mechanism for prioritizing its use for socially preferable products, notably materials over its use for energy). Such a mechanism would be an opportunity to maximize the efficiency of biomass use. Currently, barriers to the wider adoption of cascading persist in the form of underdeveloped supply chains to facilitate the reuse of biomass resources and a regulatory framework that focuses support on the energy use of biomass. This paper discusses policy mechanisms and instruments that could help lift these barriers, including measures under the EU Renewable Energy Directive to introduce more encompassing sustainability criteria and incentives for the use of end‐of‐life biomass. We further argue for more research to better understand the environmental and economic impacts of increased industrial biomass uses and to link any support for biomaterials closely to the outcome of such research. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
DNA meter: Energy tunable, quantitative hybridization assay
Authors: Braunlin William , Völker Jens , Plum G. Eric , Breslauer Kenneth J. 
Published: February 2013

We describe a novel hybridization assay that employs a unique class of energy tunable, bulge loop‐containing competitor strands (C*) that hybridize to a probe strand (P). Such initial "pre‐binding" of a probe strand modulates its effective "availability" for hybridizing to a target site (T). More generally, the assay described here is based on competitive binding equilibria for a common probe strand (P) between such tunable competitor strands (C*) and a target strand (T).We demonstrate that loop variable, energy tunable families of C*P complexes exhibit enhanced discrimination between targets and mismatched targets, thereby reducing false positives/negatives. We refer to a C*P complex between a C* competitor single strand and the probe strand as a “tuning fork,” since the C* strand exhibits branch points (forks) at the duplex‐bulge interfaces within the complex. By varying the loop to create families of such “tuning forks,” one can construct C*P “energy ladders” capable of resolving small differences within the target that may be of biological/functional consequence. The methodology further allows quantification of target strand concentrations, a determination heretofore not readily available by conventional hybridization assays. The dual ability of this tunable assay to discriminate and quantitate targets provides the basis for developing a technology we refer to as a “DNA Meter.” Here we present data that establish proof‐of‐principle for an in solution version of such a DNA Meter. We envision future applications of this tunable assay that incorporate surface bound/spatially resolved DNA arrays to yield enhanced discrimination and sensitivity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 99: 408–417, 2013.
Cyclic sample pooling using two‐dimensional liquid chromatography system enhances coverage in shotgun proteomics
Authors: Kawashima Yusuke , Satoh Mamoru , Saito Tatsuya , Matsui Takashi , Nomura Fumio , Matsumoto Hiroyuki , Kodera Yoshio 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTWe report a cyclic sample pooling technique devised in two‐dimensional liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS) shotgun proteomics that renders deeper proteome coverage; we combined low pH reversed‐phase (RP) LC in trifluoroacetic acid in the first dimension, followed by cyclic sample pooling of the eluate and low‐pH RP‐LC in formic acid in the second dimension. The new protocol has a significantly higher resolving power suitable for LC‐ESI‐MS/MS shotgun proteomics. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Control of the Interphases Formation Degree in Co3O4/ZnO Catalysts
Authors: Rubio‐Marcos Fernando , Calvino‐Casilda Vanesa , Bañares Miguel A. , Fernandez José F. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractZnO supported Co3O4 nanoparticles are highly active in the transformation of renewable materials through carbonylation of glycerol with urea. The activity of the nanoparticles is modulated by their interaction with the ZnO support, which remarkably depends on the impregnation method. One catalyst series was impregnated by conventional impregnation of a ZnO support with an aqueous solution of Co(NO3)2⋅6 (H2O), while the second set was obtained using a novel room‐temperature low‐energy dry nanodispersion method. This work focuses on the characterization and catalytic activity of both series of catalysts and describes the nature of the active sites required for the carbonylation of glycerol with urea. Raman spectroscopy and HRTEM were used to proof the nature of the interphase interaction between ZnO and Co3O4 particles in both catalyst series. Thus, it was verified such interphases are present in the catalysts prepared through the dry mixing method. Co3O4/ZnO system prepared with the dry mixing method at room temperature exhibited a catalytic behavior in the production of glycerol carbonate reaching conversion values up to 69 % in 4 h affording nearly total selectivity. There was a clear correlation between the amount of the phase and the catalytic activity. Therefore, the catalytic activity can be tuned by controlling interphase formation in Co3O4/ZnO catalysts. Upon thermal treatment, both series rearranged into inactive phases such as ZnxCo1−xCo2O4, decreasing the number of free Co3O4 related sites, which decreased the catalytic activity. Therefore, the preparation stage of the Co3O4/ZnO catalysts played an important role in the formation of this phase.
Industrial RuO2‐Based Deacon Catalysts: Carrier Stabilization and Active Phase Content Optimization
Authors: Amrute Amol P. , Mondelli Cecilia , Schmidt Timm , Hauert Roland , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRuO2/SnO2–Al2O3 has been recently reported as an industrial catalyst for Cl2 production through HCl oxidation. The stabilizing role of the alumina binder in the material, essential for its durable performance, is elucidated here. Al2O3 prevents chlorination of the SnO2 carrier under relevant reaction conditions, whereas, in its absence, SnO2 losses exceed 80 wt % in very short times owing to volatilization as SnCl4. Characterization by using X‐ray diffraction, temperature‐programmed reduction with hydrogen, and high‐resolution TEM indicates expansion of the cassiterite cell in the SnO2–Al2O3 composite with respect to pure SnO2, which suggests the insertion of certain Al species upon mechanochemical and thermal activation of the oxide mixture. 27Al magic‐angle spinning NMR and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies reveal that the pentahedrally coordinated Al3+ cations interact with SnO2, generating an electron‐depleted region near the surface of SnO2 particles. This induces some acidic character in cassiterite, which possibly makes it inert toward HCl. Besides this electronic effect, the presence of thin porous amorphous alumina films, partly covering the SnO2 surface, can offer additional geometric protection of the support. Mechanical mixing followed by calcination is essential to attain stabilization, and maximized effects are achieved with a high‐surface area alumina. Other oxides such as SiO2 are ineffective in preventing tin losses during HCl oxidation. The practical implications of these findings are very important. The metal loading (fourfold decrease) and, thus, the cost of the catalyst can be significantly lowered without compromising its long‐term stability.
Kinetic Modeling of Reactive Absorption of Carbon Dioxide in a Spray Dryer
Authors: Kavoshi L. , Hatamipour M. S. , Rahimi A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA semi‐empirical kinetic correlation was obtained through a shrinking core model assumption for reactive absorption of CO2 with NaOH solution by applying response surface method analogy in a laboratory‐scale spray‐dryer absorber. The effect of approach temperature, absorbent concentration, nozzle diameter, and L/G ratio on the kinetic coefficient was studied and the optimum operating conditions to reach the maximum absorption were determined.
Computational Simulation for Transport of Priority Organic Pollutants through Nanoporous Membranes
Authors: Ghadiri M. , Ghasemi Darehnaei M. , Sabbaghian S. , Shirazian S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractModeling and simulation of membrane‐based solvent extraction is conducted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The process is used for removal of priority organic pollutants from aqueous waste streams in nanoporous membranes. The pollutants include phenol, nitrobenzene, and acrylonitrile extracted by organic solvents. The mathematical model commonly applied to predict the performance of membrane‐based solvent extraction is the conventional resistance‐in‐series model. Here, a comprehensive mathematical model is developed to predict the transport of pollutants through nanoporous media. In order to predict the performance of the separation process, conservation equations for pollutants in the membrane module are derived and solved numerically. The model is then validated through comparing with experimental data reported in the literature. The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental data for different values of feed flow rates.