bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of ambition development program among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ebeid Fatma S. E. , El-Din Laila A. K. , El-Gamal Hanan A.-A. , Sabra Nadia M. H. , AboZayed Amany , Makkeyah Sara M. M. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Ambition, the strong desire to achieve our goals, develop as children grow and interact.

Objectives
To assess the effectiveness of institutional created ‘Ambition Level Development Program’ (ALDP) in a sample of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methodology
Ten children with ALL were enrolled and divided into an experimental group who received the ALDP training and a control group. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and nonverbal intelligence score were evaluated, as well as assessment of their level of ambition before and after receiving ALDP training.

Results
At the baseline assessment, both the experimental and control groups showed comparable scores of different items of the level of ambition scale (P = 0.8, 0.5, 0.9, 0.8 for the four items: optimism, the ability to set goals, accept all that is new, and endure failure, respectively), as well as for the total level of ambition score (P = 0.8). Among the experimental group, there was a significant improvement in the level of ambition scores after implementing ALDP training (P = 0.04 in each of the ability to set goals, accept all that is new, and endure failure). This improvement was not affected by gender. The increase in the level of ambition score was sustained after a post/follow-up period (P>0.5).

Conclusion
There is a positive effect of implementing the newly designed ALDP on the ambition levels in children with ALL.
The Process of Professional Ethics Development in Midwifery Students: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Kabirian Maryam , Gooshki Ehsan S. , Khadivzadeh Talat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Midwives are faced with important ethical issues in their professional lives; therefore, becoming a midwife is not only the acquisition of knowledge and skills but also includes acquiring moral values that cause fundamental changes in their attitudes toward their professional responsibilities. The aim of this study was to explore the process of professional ethics development in midwifery students.

Materials and Methods:
This grounded theory study was conducted from 2020 to 2022 at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. The participants included 17 midwifery students and 14 key informants. They were selected through purposeful and theoretical sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews, field notes, and theoretical notes until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data collection and data analysis were performed simultaneously. Data were analyzed based on the grounded theory presented by Corbin and Strauss (2014) using MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2020.

Results:
The core category was “interactive-cognitive learning in a two-way reasoning path” which addressed the participants’ main issue of moral numbness. Moral distress, interactive-cognitive learning, moral reasoning, and moral hopelessness were the midwifery students’ strategies that led to a spectrum of moral internalization to moral burnout. The improper context of moral development was the context theme of this study.

Conclusions:
The theory of “interactive-cognitive learning in the two-way path of reasoning” creates a deep understanding of the process of formation of professional ethics in midwifery students and it can be used in the effective training of students with the aim of promoting professional ethics in midwifery.
Effects of Reflexology on Anorexia and Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Akbari Mehran , Golitaleb Mohamad , Farahani Mahtab , Nikbakht Dorrin , Shahrodi Mohadese , Davodabady Fahimeh , Amini Nazanin , Harorani Mehdi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cancer and associated treatment methods present numerous complications, including anorexia and disturbances in sleep patterns. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of reflexology on the symptoms of anorexia and sleep quality among individuals afflicted with cancer.

Materials and Methods:
In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial, a total of 60 patients undergoing chemotherapy at Khansari Hospital, Arak, Iran, were selected using convenience sampling and then assigned to two groups of control and experimental using blocked randomization (30 patients in each group). The sample intervention group received reflexology in an exceedingly 4-week amount (two sessions a week), By contrast, the control group was administered a placebo treatment without exerting any pressure on the reflex points during the same time frame. Sleep quality and anorexia in patients were measured using a Pittsburgh questionnaire and visual analog scale before and right after the intervention. Eventually, the data were analyzed, and we used the tests of central tendency, dispersion, independent- and paired-samples t-tests, and Chi-square.

Results:
The findings of the study revealed a significant improvement in sleep quality and reduction in anorexia symptoms among patients who received reflexology treatment scores (p < 0.001). Conversely, there was no significant difference in the control group before and after the intervention (without pressure effect on the foot points) (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:
According to the positive effects on sleep quality and the reduction of anorexia symptoms, it is recommended to incorporate this therapeutic modality along with conventional medication for the treatment of individuals with cancer.
Efficacy of 10% Dextrose versus Expressed Breast Milk in Relieving Procedural Pain in Neonates – A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shanthi Yuvasri , Thandapani Kanimozhi , Krishnakumar Revathi , Thirunavukkarasu Bharath Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Aim:
This study aims to compare the efficacy of 10% dextrose (10%D) and expressed breast milk (EBM) in relieving heel prick pain in neonates assessed by premature infant pain profile-revised (PIPP-R).

Settings and Design:
This study was done in the neonatal intensive care unit under the department of pediatrics, hospital-based prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Subjects and Methods:
The study includes neonates born between ≥34 weeks and ≤42 weeks of gestational age. The 72 enrolled neonates were randomized into two intervention groups (EBM and 10%D). One milliliter of test solution was given to the baby 30 s before the heel prick. Pain reactions were scored using the PIPP-R scoring system, and two independent observers were chosen, who were blinded to what intervention was given.

Results:
For the EBM solution, the mean PIPP-R at 0 s was 7.19 ± 2, 5.5 ± 1.5 at 30 s, and 4.28 ± 1.65 at 60 s. For the 10%D solution, the mean PIPP-R at 0 s was 4.97 ± 1.42, 2.36 ± 1.44 at 30 s, and 1.69 ± 1.53 at 60 s. The difference in the mean PIPP-R between the two groups was statistically significant, and the 10%D group majority had only minimal pain throughout the procedure.

Conclusions:
Compared to the EBM group, 10%D significantly lowered the mean PIPP-R score, giving good pain relief and less procedural discomfort.
Association between Atopic Dermatitis and Cigarette Smoking Among the General Population in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Almasoudi Lama S. , Alsulami Ethar A. , Saleh Raghad E. , Kinkar Lina I. , Sindi Samaa A. , Almurakshi Muhjah M. , Bahashwan Emad 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most prevalent inflammatory skin conditions. AD symptoms include dry skin and an itchy rash, significantly reducing the quality of life. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of AD is 19.8% overall. The increased prevalence of AD in smokers raises the possibility that smoking is a risk factor and one of the biggest obstacles to global public health.

Purpose:
In Saudi Arabia, little is known about the connection between smoking and AD despite substantial studies being done worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether there is a connection between AD and smoking among Saudi Arabia’s general populace.

Methods:
A web-based descriptive cross-sectional study was done in Saudi Arabia. The minimal required sample was estimated to be 385 participants. The overall samples were collected to a maximum of 496 participants. Data were obtained through an online questionnaire directed to the Saudi population and were statistically analyzed using the SPSS program version 26. To determine the association between the variables, the Chi-squared test (χ2) was applied.

Results:
Four hundred and ninety-six participants satisfying the inclusion criteria completed the study questionnaire. 22.6% were smokers. One hundred and thirty-two (26.6%) had been diagnosed with AD (eczema) by a doctor during the past year; 30 participants were smokers, 57 participants were secondhand smokers, and 31 participants had smoked an electronic cigarette. The prevalence of previous diagnoses with AD by a doctor during the past year was higher among females (P ≤ 0.05). Previous diagnosis of AD was not associated with other participants’ demographics, physical activity, body mass index, and participants’ smoking status (P ≥ 0.05).

Conclusion:
Previous diagnosis of AD was not associated with participants’ smoking status.
Is there any Correlation of Sleep Quality with Postpartum Depression in Mothers of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Admitted Babies
Authors: Babbar Neha , Mehra Shuchi , Bhalla Kapil , Kharkongor Nancy Pherlin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Sleep quality is very much affected in mothers in the postpartum period. Despite the high prevalence of poor sleep quality in the postpartum period, little effort is done in this field to help such mothers which is very much needed if their babies are admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) which is an additional factor for their disturbed sleep.

Aim and Objectives:
The objective of this study is to assess the quality of sleep and depression in mothers whose babies are admitted to the NICU by way of a cross-sectional study.

Methodology:
This protocol tried to examine the research question whether there is any correlation between the quality of sleep and depression in mothers who had their delivery in a tertiary teaching hospital and whose babies were admitted to NICU for more than 7 days. This relationship, if any, was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire whose domain is to find out any correlation between sleep quality and risk of postpartum depression.

Observations:
Out of 106 mothers, 68 were primiparous and 38 were multiparous. Out of these mothers, 54% of mothers had EPDS score of >10 and the rest had score of <10. A total score >10 has been validated to have a strong predictive value for detecting women at risk for developing postpartum depression. Furthermore, it was found that as the duration of stay of babies increases in NICU, the number of mothers with EPDS score >10 increases which were found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion and Recommendations:
Poor sleep quality is very common in the postpartum period, especially in females whose babies are admitted to NICU. The longer the stay of babies in NICU, worse the quality of sleep is. Hence, it should be kept in mind when the babies are admitted to NICU, some sort of support both psychological and medical should be available at hand for the mothers to cope with such a beautiful albeit stressful period of their lives and if detected to provide necessary treatment in time.
Challenges in Selecting the Right Oxygen Delivery Devices in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Developing Countries
Authors: Lakra Mahaveer Singh , Lakhkar Bhavana , Karotkar Sagar Ajay Rao , Taksande Amar , Lakra Ashwini 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Oxygen is a life-saving drug but it may be dangerous if not used properly. Preterm babies are more susceptible to oxygen-induced free radical damage due to their organ immaturity. When supplementing oxygen in newborns, we must evaluate the equipment’s effectiveness, acceptability, tolerance, nasal injuries, and cost-effectiveness. The two most common time-trusted equipment used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are nasal prongs and oxygen hood. The developed countries are using servo-controlled devices and are continuously monitoring the FiO2 and oxygen levels by the analyzer, but it is impractical in developing countries due to the unavailability of the equipment and financial constraints. We are lacking such sophisticated equipment which can monitor all parameters and are servo mode, especially the oxygen hood. Both equipment has got own merits and demerits, and there are no clear-cut guidelines that which one is better. The proper guidelines regarding the use, indications, methods, and monitoring of oxygen therapy in newborn babies are not clear. Many of the staff working in NICU are the ignorant about the nature of complications and side effects and the need for follow-up. This article highlights the rationale of oxygen therapy and saturation policy, methods of weaning, comparison of the efficacy, merits, and demerits, and implications of oxygen delivery devices in the care of newborns in NICU mostly in developing countries.
Comparative Evaluation of Postoperative Pain in Response to Three Different Endodontic Sealers Using Visual Analog Scale
Authors: Umre Utkarsh Prakash , Sedani Shweta , Nikhade Pradnya Prashant , Bansod Akansha , Kriplani Simran Uttam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
The present study aimed to evaluate and compare postoperative pain after root canal treatment using three different base endodontic sealers.

Materials and Methods:
Root canal treatment was initiated in 60 patients diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, root canal treatment was completed, and different base endodontic sealers were used for obturation were selected based on the random allocation of the participants to the following groups NanoSeal, Dia Proseal, and CeraSeal. Postoperative pain was recorded using a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale at 24 h, 48 h, and 7 day after obturation. Statistical analysis was done using the Kruskal–Wallis test and one-way ANOVA.

Results:
Statistically significant pain reduction was observed in both NanoSeal-S and Dia-Proseal groups post-obturation. In NanoSeal-S, pain peaked after 24 hours (2.25 ± 1.74), decreased at 72 hours (0.5 ± 0.89), and was minimal by day 7 (0.25 ± 0.55). Dia-Proseal exhibited similar trends with peak pain at 24 hours (0.25 ± 0.55), further reduction at 72 hours (0.1 ± 0.31), and negligible pain by day 7 (0.0 ± 0.0). Comparable outcomes were noted with CeraSeal sealer group.

Conclusions:
CeraSeal showed less postoperative pain compared to Dia-Proseal and NanoSeal-S.
Revamping the Peg Smile with Composites
Authors: Jaiswal Tanvi , Kambala Seema Sathe , Pisulkar Sweta Kale , Kambala Rajanikanth , Bhoyar Anjali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Patient’s expectations for esthetic dentistry have risen in recent years. Having the perfect smile is becoming a goal, as celebrities and public figure’s appearances have undoubtedly improved as a result of smile correction. This case report is unique, as this type of restoration enhances smiles by a conservative and economic approach. The main clinical finding of the present case was smaller shape and size of medially inclined laterals when compared to other teeth, so the diagnosis was peg-shaped laterals, which are the most common but rare too dental form aberration that can distort the harmony of smile and affect patient psychology. Treatment options can vary depending on no prep or prep type of modification. Composites are of no preparation type of restoration, that can easily solve the esthetic issue of peg-shaped teeth, and boost up the patient satisfaction level for the treatment. The present case involves bilateral peg-shaped lateral incisors as a developmental anomaly treated with composites.
The Multifaceted Role of Monoclonal Antibodies in Oral Cancer Therapy – A Narrative Overview
Authors: Darwin Deepthi , Babu Subhas Gogineni , Ajila Vidya , Asan Mohamed Faizal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Oral cancer, a part of head-and-neck cancer, is associated with a high risk of mortality which necessitates specificity in the cancer therapy. Known as the fourth pillar among various cancer treatment modalities, immunotherapy requires the stimulation of particular immune system components by modulating the counteraction of signals that cause suppression of the immune system. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) provide numerous benefits over conventional chemotherapeutic drugs due to their increased target specificity and extended half-life. When delivered, mAbs act as cytotoxic agents with varied pharmacological effects that prove as a potential therapeutic approach for cancer therapy. In the current review, a bibliographic search was done in PubMed and other databases for English articles that were published over the last decade. The aim of this paper is to furnish a substantial review that highlights the immunotherapeutic role of selected mAbs and their mechanisms and clinical applications in the treatment of oral cancers. It also emphasizes the versatile role of antibodies with diverse features which have led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Diagnostic Dilemma of Radicular Cyst Mimicking a Dentigerous Cyst
Authors: Hissariya Neha , Dosi Tanvi , Chandak Lina Govind , Vijaywargiya Gauri 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Radicular cyst is the most common odontogenic cyst of the jaw; however, its association with overretained deciduous teeth involving impacted permanent teeth is a rare entity and hence may pose a diagnostic dilemma. The aim of this report is to present a case of radicular cyst that mimicked the dentigerous cyst. A 31-year-old female reported to the department of oral medicine with the chief complaint of swelling on the lower left side of the face. Intraoral examination revealed over-retained carious 75. Based on the clinical features, differential diagnosis was given as a radicular cyst and a dentigerous cyst on radiographic examination; intraoral periapical revealed a cystic lesion involving the crown of the deciduous tooth. Cone-beam computed tomography further confirmed that the cystic lesion was not involving the crown of the impacted premolar. Hence, the three-dimensional radiographic evaluation of the lesion helps to rule out the differential diagnosis.
A Narrative Review-Participation of Fathers in Child Health Care in India
Authors: Kuruwanshi Sulochana , Joshi Abhishek Upendra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Review studies of the father’s role in child care and father involvement, attitudes, and values associated with it, and strategies for promoting their participation. This review aims to analyze fathers’ involvement in child care and father behavior, as well as associated values and strategies for development. To study the father-child connection and factors such as the child’s social behavior, academic performance, and health-related psychological factors. They are more sensitive, loving, and encouraging toward their young children. When it comes to their young children, they are more receptive, affectionate, and assured. They are also better at maintaining their composure when dealing with rebellious toddlers. A child’s emotional and social development is significantly influenced by how fathers cooperate with their children through play. Compared to mothers, fathers spend a far larger volume of their one-on-one time with infants and preschoolers engaging in stimulating play activities. PubMed and Google Scholar Searches were conducted using Medical Subject Headings terms and related keywords. This study examined the various reviews on the relationship between the roles of fathers in childcare and the factors that may influence the same. Traditional gender norms in child care influence the group of people’s images of fathers’ obligation and serve as a barrier to their involvement in the community. In most populations, fathers can support their families financially. They act as positive role models for their children, defend their families from harm, and exercise control over their wives, children, and other family members. Fathers may provide for and nurture their children. Fathers play and teach their children alone or hold them when their mothers are busy. Interventions focused on improving fathers’ and mothers ideas and attitudes about child care, and the relevance of shared childcare duties may improve fathers’ engagement. Fathers’ participation has various impacts on the child’s healthy development of character, social skills, understanding, intellect, academic achievement, gender roles, morality, and emotion. Fathers’ participation in childcare is affected by family and society, and fathers’ personalities affect children’s personalities to some extent. Father involvement, results also revealed that father involvement was low in childcare responsibilities only; however, other subareas of involvement were high. It was found that especially mothers were responsible as primary caregivers for child care.
A Cross-sectional Study on Women Empowerment among Residents of Different Slum Settlements in a Ward of Kolkata, West Bengal
Authors: Chakrabarti Sreetama , Shukla Vineeta , Kerketta Prince , Basu Mausumi , Chakrabarti Soma 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Sustainable Development Goal 5 focuses to “Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.” Promoting women’s empowerment is essential for reducing violence against women, decision-making in health and well-being, and proper upbringing of children, thereby reducing maternal and child mortality.

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to assess the level of empowerment among married women residing in selected slum settlements of Kolkata, to estimate the proportion of employed women, to describe the pattern of decision-making among them, and to find the sociodemographic factors (if any) associated with the level of empowerment.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 350 married women using face-to-face interviews from October 2022 to September 2023. The study utilized a predesigned, pretested, and structured schedule consisting of questions adapted from the National Family Health Survey-5 women’s questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25.0. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with low and medium women empowerment.

Results:
Of the 334 participants surveyed, approximately half exhibited low levels of empowerment (49.7%). The majority of study participants reported that decisions pertaining to their own health care, significant household purchases, visits to family or relatives, and voting in elections were made jointly by both spouses. The age of the respondent between 19 and 28 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.54 [1.09–18.80]) and the age of husband between 35 and 48 years (AOR 4.48 [1.46–8.28]) had statistically significant higher AOR of low women empowerment.

Conclusion:
A substantial proportion of women in the study had low empowerment scores and less than one-fifth were employed. Increasing employment opportunities for women and promoting their social participation is recommended.