bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights from a topo-bathymetric and oceanographic dataset for coastal flooding studies: the French Flooding Prevention Action Program of Saint-Malo
Authors: Seyfried Léo , Biscara Laurie , Michaud Héloïse , Leckler Fabien , Pasquet Audrey , Pezerat Marc , Gicquel Clément 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The French Flooding Prevention Action Program of Saint-Malo, France, requires the assessment of coastal flooding risks and the development of a local flood warning system. The first prerequisite is knowledge of the topography and bathymetry of the bay of Saint-Malo; the acquisition of new multibeam bathymetric data was performed in 2018 and 2019 to increase the resolution of the existing topo-bathymetric datasets and to produce two high-resolution (20 and 5 m) topo-bathymetric digital terrain models. Second, the hydrodynamics associated with coastal flooding were investigated through a dense and extensive oceanographic field experiment conducted during winter 2018–2019 using a network of 22 moorings with 37 sensors: the network included 2 directional buoys, 2 pressure tide gauges, 18 wave pressure gauges, 4 single-point current meters, 7 current profilers, and 4 acoustic wave current profilers from mid-depth (25 m) up to the upper beach and the dike system. The oceanographic dataset thus provides an extended overview of the hydrodynamics and wave processes in the bay of Saint-Malo from the coast up to over-flooding and over-topping areas. This dataset helps to identify the physical drivers of the coastal flooding and provides a quantification of their respective contributions. In particular, the wave processes at the foot of the protection structures can be observed: in this macro-tidal environment, during high spring tides, short and infragravity waves propagate up to the protection structures, while the wave set-up remains negligible, and over-topping by sea packs can occur. The combination of high-resolution topo-bathymetric and oceanographic datasets allows the construction, calibration and validation of a wave and hydrodynamic coupled model that is used to investigate flooding processes more deeply and might be integrated into a future local warning system by means of Saint-Malo inter-communality. The topo-bathymetric and oceanographic datasets are available freely at https://doi.org/10.17183/MNT_COTIER_GNB_PAPI_SM_20m_WGS84, https://doi.org/10.17183/MNT_COTIER_PORT_SM_PAPI_SM_5m_WGS84 and https://doi.org/10.17183/CAMPAGNE_OCEANO_STMALO (Shom, 2020a, b, 2021).
Comparative Study between Hemisoleus flap and Fascio-Cutaneous flap in Middle Third Lower Limb Infected Traumatic Wound
Authors: Daniel Zarish , Rahim Faizan , Soomro Fahad , Kumar Sumeet , Rashid Hiba , Malik Abdul Khaliq 
Published: July 2024

Objective: To compare the outcome of hemi-soleus and fascio-cutaneous in terms of flap viability, complications and stable coverage in infected traumatic wound on middle third lower limb

Methodology: The study has a period of six months from October 29, 2019, to April 29, 2020, under the approval of the Ethical Review Board (ERB) with reference number SZABMU/457, the study aimed to investigate the outcomes of a specific intervention. The participant pool consisted of 120 individuals who met the predefined inclusion criteria, and each participant provided informed consent along with demographic information. The subjects were then randomly assigned to one of two groups. Subsequent to the surgical procedures, both groups were closely monitored in the post-operative phase, with meticulous recording of relevant data. The outcomes of interest were measured, and all information was systematically collected using a pre-designed Performa

Study Design and Setting: Original article, Department of Plastic Surgery PIMS

Result: The mean age of the patients was 37.09 years,109(90.83%) were male patients. Motor vehicle accident cause of injury was noted in 57(47.50%) patients and 5-7 cm size of defect was noted in 64(53.33%) patients. Few complications are found higher in Hemisoleus Flap group and few found higher in Fascio cutaneous flap group.

Conclusion: Results showed superior efficacy of hemi-soleus flaps, especially in open tibia fractures, with fewer complications. This supports their preference in managing such wounds, ensuring stable coverage and potential cost savings
Risk Factors and Outcomes of Meconium Stained Liquor Babies in Tertiary Care Neonatal Unit
Authors: Sarwar Nida , Fayyaz Khurram , Ata Imrana , Aslam Sehar , Begum Hajra , Ahmad Khubaib 
Published: July 2024

Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the variables affecting the mother and the baby when amniotic fluid is tainted with meconium during pregnancy.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from July 15th, 2023, to December 30th, 2023. It involved non-probability consecutive sampling of patients with a gestational age over 37 weeks who presented with meconium-stained liquor during labor. Newborns with congenital defects were excluded, resulting in a study sample size where basic demographic and clinical data were collected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26, with continuous variables expressed as mean ± SD and categorical variables in frequency and percentages.

Results: Meconium stained amniotic fluid (MASF) was seen in 60 (4.8%) of the 1232 births that occurred during the research period. Meconium aspiration syndrome affected 22 of 60 (36 %) newborns with MSAF. There was a substantial correlation between thick meconium stained liquor and a low Apgar score, an unsettling CTG, MAS, or the need for an emergency C-section. A total of 41 newborns (68% of the total) were diagnosed with thin meconium, although only 85% of those infants showed no symptoms. Important risk variables for MAS were PIH, anemia and GDM (P 0.002, 0.002, <0.0001 respectively), and parity was related in a significant manner

Conclusion: Low Apgar scores, higher rates of emergency caesarean sections, and meconium aspiration syndrome were all linked to meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Risk factors for MAS included maternal anemia, hypertension, and gestational diabetes.
Impact of Eating Habits on Academic Performance among 4th year Medical Students of a Private College Faisalabad
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Aslam Maira , Ali Faizan , Sagheer Uzma 
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study was designed to determine the relationship between eating habits and academic performance among medical students of Aziz Fatimah Medical and Dental College.

Study design & Setting: A comparative cross-sectional study was being conducted

Methodology: After the permission of the Ethical Research Committee of the institution. Students of 4th year MBBS was recruited by simple convenient sampling. A validated questionnaire consisting of 14 questions in reference to eating habits was used. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 24 and a one-way ANOVA test was used and p value of = 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Study was conducted on 100 medical students with mean age of 22.67±.554. Out of 100 participants 51 (51%) were male and 49 (49%) were female students. It was observed that good eating habit score was associated with high academic achievements. While, a bad eating habit score was associated with low academic achievements.

Conclusion: It was concluded from our study that there was a significant association between good eating habits and academic performance.
ROLE OF INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULES (ICAM-1), VASCULAR CELL ADHESION (VCAM-1) AND CALPROTECTIN (MRP8/14) IN PATHOGENESIS OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Saklakova O. A. , Maksimenya M. V. , Fefelova E. V. , Karavaeva T. M. , Tereshkov P. P. , Perelomova A. A. , Kotsyurzhinskaya N. N. 
Published: July 2024

Aim of the research. The aim is to study the content of intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) and calprotectin in the blood serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and various stages of diabetic retinopathy. The aim is also to evaluate the role of these molecules in the pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and methods. Four groups of people were formed: first group (control group) included 21 healthy individuals; second group included 21 patients with prediabetes, third group 21 patients with type 2 diabetes. The fourth group included 63 patients with diabetic retinopathy, and this group was further divided into 3 groups of 21 people each: with non-proliferative stage of DR, with preproliferative stage, with proliferative stage.. The concentrations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and calprotectin (MRP8/14) in blood serum were determined using Human Vascular Inflammation Panel 1 multiplex analysis kits from Biolegend (USA). The results were assessed using CytoFlex flow cytometer (USA). The results were calculated using Jamovi version 2.3. Results. In individuals with prediabetes, the content of MRP8/14 was increased by 111,7% (p < 0,001) relative to the control group. In type 2 diabetes without retinopathy, the values of MRP8/14 protein exceed the control group values by 2,7 times (p < 0,001) and those in individuals with prediabetes by 29,2% (p = 0,049). In the group of patients who had non-proliferative stage of DR, the levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and MRP8/14 are higher than control group values in the groups of people with prediabetes and patients with diabetes without complications. During the preproliferative stage, the number of adhesion molecules increases even more; during the proliferative stage, the concentrations of VCAM-1 and calprotectin remain high, and the level of ICAM-1 increases relative to the previous stages. Conclusion. Increasing of MRP8/14 level in diabetes and increasing of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 concentrations in the initial stage of DR demonstrate the role of these molecules in the initiation of DR in type 2 diabetes. Researching the relationship between these markers and the development of DR can provide additional information to develop strategies for prevention and treatment of DR as well as predicting its complications.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS IN REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE USING THE GLASGOW COMA SCALE AND THE FOUR SCALE
Authors: Vechorko V. I. , Zimin A. A. , Obuhova E. V. 
Published: July 2024

Examination of the level of consciousness is one of the basic elements of assessing patients in a life-threatening condition. Depression of the consciousness influence on the patient’s severity, therapy planning. The dynamic assessment is carried out at the prehospital stage, as well as in intensive care units. Domestic and foreign literature sources were studied to determine the optimal tool and algorithm for its use in assessing the level of consciousness of patients delivered by emergency medical services. The analysis of the works from the scientific databases PubMed, eLibrary, Google Scholar, MedRxiv devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with a reduced level of consciousness was carried out. The Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) scale and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) have an equally high level of psychometric parameters when assessing patients in general intensive care, however, the assessment of brainstem reflexes included in the FOUR scale makes it optimal for triage and dynamic monitoring of patients during ongoing treatment.
Impact of Temperature and Optical Error on the Combined Optical and Thermal Efficiency of Solar Tower Systems for Industrial Process Heat
Authors: Zolan Alexander , Augustine Chad , Westphal Evan , Armijo Kenneth , Wang Ye , Pye John 
Published: July 2024

Concentrating solar thermal (CST) power towers can provide high flux concentrations at commercial scale. As a result, CST towers exhibit potential for high-temperature solar industrial process heat (SIPH) applications. However, at higher operating temperatures, thermal radiation losses can be significant. This study explores the trade-off between thermal and optical losses for SIPH applications using a collection of three case studies at operating temperatures that range from 900-1,550 °C. We assume blackbody radiation to represent the thermal losses at the receiver and we use ray tracing to estimate the optical losses. The results show the impact of process temperature on the maximum attainable system efficiency, as well as the higher flux concentration requirements as the temperature increases.
Pirate Terrors: Rome’s Ancient War on Piracy as an Analogue for Contemporary Wars on Terror
Authors: Ruprecht Jr. Louis A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article offers an analogy between the Roman wars against Mediterranean piracy in the 70s and 60s BCE, especially on Crete and in Cilicia, and the United States’ long wars against terror, which now span more than two decades (2002–), especially in Afghanistan, until recently, and Iraq. The article hopes to show that there are fruitful points of convergence, especially useful for drawing ethical and political lessons from history. Wars against piracy are waged against non-state actors and nearly impossible to prosecute to a negotiated settlement. Such wars quite naturally result in “mission creep,” particularly when situated in a region with broader strategic interests.
Caracterización de los actores involucrados en cuatro convocatorias de Proyectos Agropecuarios en Boyacá Colombia
Authors: Puentes Montañez Gloria Acened , Cepeda Araque Carmen Helena , Prieto Puentes Daniel Fernando 
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar y caracterizar a los actores que han participado en la gestión de proyectos agropecuarios en Boyacá, Colombia; la metodología utilizada fue la del mapeo de actores clave y uso de la técnica de análisis de correspondencias múltiples (ACM) para el tratamiento de datos de los 189 proyectos analizados. Dentro de los resultados se encontró que 72 municipios de los 123 del departamento gestionan recursos para el sector agropecuario, solo 4 universidades de las 16 que hacen presencia en el departamento están en los proyectos, los principales actores son las organizaciones de pequeños productores, con repetición en las 4 convocatorias estudiadas, concentración de proyectos en las ciudades más grandes como Tunja, Duitama y Sogamoso, y con actores dinámicos como Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, SENA, empresas de apoyo al sector agropecuario EPSEA, UMATA y OGA; también se pudo evidenciar la desarticulación de los actores en cada convocatoria y proyectos sobre los mismos temas.
Slimmer én samen op weg naar toekomstbestendige geriatrische revalidatie
Authors: Holstege Marije 
Published: July 2024

One in three older people do not recover sufficiently after being admitted to the hospital. There are many opportunities to shape geriatric rehabilitation more smartly with innovative interventions. This is necessary due to the increasing aging population, urgent staff shortages, and the desire to keep elderly people living independently at home for longer. Geriatric rehabilitation must therefore be designed smarter, including through innovative interventions. During the inaugural lecture on March 7th, an explanation was given about the research line belonging to the endowed professorship in applied sciences in Geriatric Rehabilitation established by Omring at Inholland. Its title is "Smarter and together on the way to future-proof care."
Touching Visions
Authors: Areskog Jones Caroline 
Published: July 2024

Throughout the enforced stasis of lockdowns and without studio access, I began thinking about the process of “epistemological gathering”, a term outlined by artist Nanna Debois Buhl, asking myself how it may be possible to use the air to make a series of works with a lightness of touch entitled ‘Touching Visions: Speculative Imaginaries’. In parallel, and along a line of singularity expected of a rhizomatic practice, this body of work partially evolved as a written response to a question posed by the Venti journal “How to Feel the Air”, since published online. The progressive evolution of some of these ideas is presented in this reflective paper.
Amongst the recent chaos within moments of stillness, stepping outside into the air presented an opportunity to reflect upon an ecology of practice that overlaps elements of drawing, printing, and moving images through a process of exploring materials. Throughout this extraordinary time, whilst caring for family, I observed more closely the details of what I saw more expansively through joining a variety of online seminars across a range of subjects including a discussion on democracy and a reading group focussed on the politics of care.
Resolving Perceived Norm Conflict through Principles of Treaty Interpretation: The January 2019 EU Member States’ Declarations
Authors: J. Rowe Samantha , Goh Nelson 
Published: July 2024

In January 2019, EU Member States issued three declarations concerning
the ‘consequences of Achmea’ which stated that all claims under
intra-EU BITs were contrary to the EU legal order, and that tribunals presiding
over such claims have no jurisdiction as there is no valid consent to
arbitrate. The declaration signed by a majority of EU Member States (‘Majority
Declaration’) extended this proposition to intra-EU claims under the Energy
Charter Treaty. Following this, a number of EU Member States have sought to
argue that the Majority Declaration is a subsequent agreement between the
States Parties to intra-EU investment treaties – or evidence of a subsequent
practice establishing their agreement – that the dispute resolution provisions
in those treaties must be interpreted to exclude intra-EU disputes from their
scope and thus from the jurisdiction of tribunals constituted thereunder,
relying on Article 31(3)(a) and (b) of the Vienna Convention on the Law of
Treaties (‘VCLT’). This paper considers: (i) the key cases in which the
Majority Declaration has been invoked to contest jurisdiction in, or seek the
termination of, intra-EU arbitration proceedings; (ii) the application of
Article 31(3)(a) and (b) of the VCLT; and (iii) other fundamental tenets and
rules of international law discussed in relation to those cases.
Legal Stability and Legitimate Expectations: Does International Investment Law Need a Sense of Proportion? (Joint 2nd Prize Winner of the Essay Competition 2020)
Authors: Bradshaw Robert 
Published: July 2024

In the aftermath of the Achmea judgment and with the
European Commission’s continued efforts to curtail investor-State arbitration,
EU law and international investment law may seem antithetical. However, this
article considers how EU law may contribute to the development of investment
law through the concept of proportionality, a general principle of EU law and
various national legal systems. Tribunals have increasingly applied a
proportionality analysis in their reasoning, most recently in several cases
brought by renewable energy investors against Spain and Italy under the Energy
Charter Treaty. These cases concern the controversial issue of when a change in
the regulatory framework violates investors’ legitimate expectations and their
right to fair and equitable treatment. This article argues that the
proportionality standard has the potential to clarify this area of law and to
promote ‘defragmentation’ between international investment law and other legal
systems.
Theodoros Adamakopoulos and Others v. Republic of Cyprus, ICSID Case No ARB/15/49, Decision on Jurisdiction, 7 February 2020
Authors: McDonnell Bianca 
Published: July 2024

This case note examines the findings of the Tribunal in the Decision on Jurisdiction
in Adamakopoulos v. Cyprus, focusing on Respondent’s objections
based on the alleged incompatibility of the BITs and the EU Treaties, and the
mass claim nature of the proceeding. The decision of the majority of the
Tribunal in dismissing the EU law objection adds to a body of investment
arbitration jurisprudence in which similar reasoning has been used to dismiss
comparable objections. However, the dissenting opinion of Marcelo Kohen is the
first time that an arbitrator, presented with an intra-EU investment
arbitration claim, has considered that the tribunal lacks jurisdiction on the
basis of the incompatibility between the relevant BITs and EU law.
Furthermore, Adamakopoulos is one of the few ‘mass claim’
arbitrations brought under the ICSID Rules. If it proceeds to the merits stage
as planned, it will provide an opportunity for the Tribunal to resolve
questions regarding the management of the procedure under the ICSID framework
with such a large group of claimants, whilst maintaining the right to be heard,
procedural equality and fairness.
Intra-EU Application of the Energy Charter Treaty: A Critical Analysis of the CJEU’s Ruling in Republic of Moldova
Authors: Paschalidis Paschalis 
Published: July 2024

In its recent judgment in Republic of Moldova (also
known as the Komstroy case), the Court of Justice of the
European Union (CJEU) took the view that the arbitration clause contained in
Article 26(2)(c) of the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) does not apply to intra-EU
investor-State disputes. This article provides a critical analysis of this
ruling and highlights the methodological flaws of its reasoning. As part of
this analysis, it discusses the implications of the Energy Charter Treaty’s
nature as a “mixed agreement” for the scope of application of Article 26(2)(c)
and the CJEU’s jurisdiction to interpret the ECT. It also discusses the proper
interpretation of Article 26(2)(c) pursuant to the rules on treaty
interpretation laid down in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties,
including with the help of documents from the ECT’s travaux
préparatoires. Finally, the article deals with Republic of Moldova consequences
– or rather the lack thereof – for arbitral tribunals and the courts of non-EU
countries.
Green Power K/S and SCE Solar Don Benito APS v Kingdom of Spain: How EU Law Allegedly Trumps International Investment Law
Authors: Lavranos Nikos 
Published: July 2024

The Green Power arbitral tribunal is the first tribunal
ever (and so far, the only one) that accepted the EU law jurisdictional
objections raised by an EU Member State. For this reason alone, this decision
is historic. Instead of adopting a public international law perspective for
determining the question whether it has jurisdiction, the arbitral tribunal
adopted an European law perspective and therefore considered itself bound by
the CJEU jurisprudence regarding Achmea and Komstroy.
With its decision, which came out only a week before the Contracting Parties to
the ECT concluded their modernisation negotiations in which the EU and its
Member States agreed to carve out the arbitration provision for intra-EU ECT
disputes, the arbitral tribunal showed that it had a good sense of what was to
come in any event. The consequences of all this are that European investors
will be stuck with the domestic courts of the Member States and the European
Court of Human Rights – with all their limitations.