bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute rupture of a feeding artery aneurysm after embolization of a brain arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Reynolds Matthew R , Arias Eric J , Chatterjee Arindam R , Chicoine Michael R , Cross Dewitte T 
Published: July 2015

Background Staged endovascular embolization of large arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is frequently performed to gradually reduce flow and prevent abrupt hemodynamic changes. While feeding artery aneurysms have been associated with increased risk of hemorrhage in the setting of AVMs, decisions regarding if and when to treat these aneurysms vary. Acute, fatal rupture of a feeding artery aneurysm following embolization of a large, unruptured AVM has been infrequently reported in the literature. Case description A 69-year-old female presented with headache and mild left hemiparesis referable to a 5 cm right fronto-parieto-temporal AVM with surrounding vasogenic edema. The AVM was associated with numerous bilateral feeding artery aneurysms (the largest was a 2 cm right middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation aneurysm). There was also a large, partially thrombosed venous varix. Staged embolization of the AVM was performed. Several hours after the third stage of her embolization, she became obtunded, with a fixed and dilated right pupil. Head computed tomography (CT) showed a large intraparenchymal hemorrhage with midline shift in the right sylvian fissure, remote from the AVM nidus. She was taken to surgery for a decompressive craniectomy and hematoma evacuation. The MCA aneurysm was confirmed to be the source of hemorrhage and it was clipped. Despite aggressive medical and surgical treatments, the patient died. Conclusions An increase in AVM feeding artery pressure following endovascular embolization may contribute to the rupture of a feeding artery aneurysm. For this reason, treatment of large arterial aneurysms on feeding pedicles should be considered prior to embolization of the AVM nidus.
The efficacy and safety of mirabegron compared with solifenacin in overactive bladder patients dissatisfied with previous antimuscarinic treatment due to lack of efficacy: results of a noninferiority, randomized, phase IIIb trial
Authors: Batista Jose E. , Kölbl Heinz , Herschorn Sender , Rechberger Tomasz , Cambronero Javier , Halaska Michael , Coppell Alex , Kaper Mathilde , Huang Moses , Siddiqui Emad ,   on behalf of the BEYOND study group
Published: July 2015

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of mirabegron 50 mg and solifenacin 5 mg in overactive bladder (OAB) patients dissatisfied with previous antimuscarinic treatment due to lack of efficacy. Patients and methods: This randomized, double-blind, phase IIIb, noninferiority study, enrolled male and female patients aged ⩾18 years old, with symptoms of OAB for ⩾3 months, who were dissatisfied with their previous antimuscarinic drug due to lack of efficacy. A total of 1887 patients were randomized to receive mirabegron 50 mg ( n = 943) or solifenacin 5 mg ( n = 944) daily for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline to end of treatment in mean number of micturitions/24 h. Noninferiority was confirmed if the lower limit of the two-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) for the treatment difference between solifenacin and mirabegron was > −0.20. Secondary efficacy endpoints, which included change from baseline in mean number of incontinence episodes/24 h, urgency incontinence episodes/24 h, urgency episodes (grade 3 or 4)/24 h and nocturia episodes/24 h, were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results: For the primary endpoint, adjusted mean treatment difference (95% CI) in mean number of micturitions/24 h was −0.18 (−0.42, 0.06) and therefore noninferiority of mirabegron to solifenacin was not demonstrated. Both treatments demonstrated clinically meaningful reductions in efficacy variables and were well tolerated, with a lower incidence of dry mouth with mirabegron. Conclusions: Noninferiority of mirabegron compared with solifenacin for reduction in micturition frequency could not be demonstrated in this population of OAB patients who were dissatisfied with previous antimuscarinic therapy due to lack of efficacy. Both mirabegron and solifenacin improved key OAB symptoms with no statistically significant differences observed between the two treatments. Both drugs were well tolerated.
Lipid peroxidation, proteins modifications, anti-oxidant enzymes activities and selenium deficiency in the plasma of hashitoxicosis patients
Authors: Mseddi Malek , Ben Mansour Riadh , Mnif Fatma , Gargouri Bochra , Abid Mohamed , Guermazi Fadhel , Attia Hamadi , Lassoued Saloua 
Published: July 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the oxidative stress profile in hashitoxicosis (HTX) and to compare it with that of healthy subjects. Patients and methods: Spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluate the oxidative stress markers. The selenium level was investigated by atomic absorption. Results: High levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and conjugated dienes were found in HTX patients ( p = 0.034 and p = 0.043, respectively) compared with healthy controls. For antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities increased, whereas that of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) decreased ( p = 0.000, p = 0.014, p = 0.000, respectively) compared with controls. A reduction in the level of selenium ( p = 0.029) and thiol groups ( p = 0.008) were shown in patients; however, levels of carbonyl group and malondialdehyde (MDA) protein adducts decreased ( p = 0.000) compared with controls. Positive correlation was shown between levels of free thyroxine (FT4) and TBARS ( r = 0.711, p = 0.048) and between FT4 level and SOD activity ( r = 0.713, p = 0.047). Conversely, GPx activity presented a negative correlation with FT4 and free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels ( r = –0.934, p = 0.001; r = –0.993, p = 0.000, respectively). In addition, GPx activity showed positive correlation with selenium level ( r = 0.981, p = 0.019) and the FT3 level correlated negatively with the level of thiol groups ( r = –0.892, p = 0.017). Conclusions: This study shows the presence of an oxidative stress and selenium deficiency in HTX patients and suggests that the hyperthyroid state is strongly implicated in the establishment of this disturbed oxidative profile.
Acute GVHD results in a severe DC defect that prevents T-cell priming and leads to fulminant cytomegalovirus disease in mice
Authors: Wikstrom Matthew E. , Fleming Peter , Kuns Rachel D. , Schuster Iona S. , Voigt Valentina , Miller Gregory , Clouston Andrew D. , Tey Siok-Keen , Andoniou Christopher E. , Hill Geoffrey R. , Degli-Esposti Mariapia A. 
Published: July 2015

Key Points
GVHD elicits profound defects in DCs that prevent the priming of virus-specific T cells. Transfer of polyclonal T cells from immune donors at transplant provides effective antiviral immunity despite the presence of active GVHD.
Haploidentical transplant with posttransplant cyclophosphamide vs matched unrelated donor transplant for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ciurea Stefan O. , Zhang Mei-Jie , Bacigalupo Andrea A. , Bashey Asad , Appelbaum Frederick R. , Aljitawi Omar S. , Armand Philippe , Antin Joseph H. , Chen Junfang , Devine Steven M. , Fowler Daniel H. , Luznik Leo , Nakamura Ryotaro , O’Donnell Paul V. , Perales Miguel-Angel , Pingali Sai Ravi , Porter David L. , Riches Marcie R. , Ringdén Olle T. H. , Rocha Vanderson , Vij Ravi , Weisdorf Daniel J. , Champlin Richard E. , Horowitz Mary M. , Fuchs Ephraim J. , Eapen Mary 
Published: July 2015

Key PointsLower GVHD after haploidentical transplant with posttransplant cyclophosphamide compared with HLA-matched unrelated donor transplant. Comparable overall survival after haploidentical compared with matched unrelated donor transplant for AML.
Common fixed point of multifunctions on partial metric spaces
Authors: Aleomraninejad S Mohammad Ali , Erhan Inci M , Kutbi Marwan A , Shokouhnia Masoumeh 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, some multifunctions on partial metric space are defined and common fixed points of such multifunctions are discussed. The results presented in the paper generalize some of the existing results in the literature. Several conclusions of the main results are given.
On an extension of contractivity conditions via auxiliary functions
Authors: Agarwal Ravi P , Karapınar Erdal , Roldán-López-de-Hierro Antonio-Francisco 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this manuscript, we study sufficient conditions on the functions that appears in very complex contractivity conditions introduced in a recent manuscript by Liu et al. in order to guarantee the existence and uniqueness of common fixed points of four self-mappings.
Mechanical design of negative stiffness honeycomb materials
Authors: Correa Dixon M , Seepersad Carolyn Conner , Haberman Michael R 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA mechanical system exhibits negative stiffness when it requires a decrease in applied force to generate an increase in displacement. Negative stiffness behavior has been of interest for use in vibro-acoustic damping materials, vibration isolation mechanisms, and mechanical switches. This non-intuitive mechanical response can be elicited by transversely loading a curved beam structure of appropriate geometry, which can be designed to exhibit either one or two stable positions. The current work investigates honeycomb structures whose unit cells are created from curved beam structures that are designed to provide negative stiffness behavior and a single stable position. These characteristics allow the honeycomb to absorb large amounts of mechanical energy at a stable plateau stress, much like traditional honeycombs. Unlike traditional honeycombs, however, the mechanism underlying energy-absorbing behavior is elastic buckling rather than plastic deformation, which allows the negative stiffness honeycombs to recover from large deformations. Accordingly, they are compelling candidates for applications that require dissipation of multiple impacts. A detailed exploration of the unit cell design shows that negative stiffness honeycombs can be designed to dissipate mechanical energy in quantities that are comparable to traditional honeycomb structures at low relative densities. Furthermore, their unique cell geometry allows the designer to perform trade-offs between density, stress thresholds, and energy absorption capabilities. This paper describes these trade-offs and the underlying analysis.
Clinical work with people affected by public care or adoption
Authors: Hillen Thomas , Wright Hannah 
Published: July 2015

SummaryMost individuals who have lived in foster homes, residential care or adoptive families for substantial periods (‘people affected by public care or adoption’) show normal psychological adjustment as adults, although rates of mental disorders, hospital admission and suicide are increased. Research focusing on the experiences of this group of people can help professionals better understand their behaviour and attitude towards help. Psychiatric symptoms can be multifaceted, including complex trauma presentations. The specific mental health needs of this population are increasingly being recognised in child and adolescent mental health services but less so in adult services. In this article we describe life experiences of people affected by public care or adoption, examine the lifelong impact of these experiences on mental health and functioning, and offer practical suggestions for clinical work with them.
Cancer, the mind and the person: what we know about the causes of cancer
Authors: Kissane David W. , Al-Asady Yasmin 
Published: July 2015

SummaryAt a time when patients are challenged to cope adaptively with both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, clinicians need to respond appropriately to the many inevitable questions about the causes of cancer and contributing factors, including ‘Is this my fault?’. The evidence guiding answers to such questions has been confounded by many methodological challenges, but personality, stress and life events are no longer considered causes of cancer. However, social isolation, untreated depression and social deprivation continue to influence quality of life and reduce cancer survival times. Psychiatry might play a role in promoting lifestyle changes that reduce the risk of cancer, but more importantly it can influence disease progression by optimising patients' adaptation to the many challenges that cancer brings.
Drug-centred psychopharmacology: a non-diagnostic framework for drug treatment†
Authors: Yeomans David , Moncrieff Joanna , Huws Rhodri 
Published: July 2015

SummaryWe propose a ‘drug-centred’ framework for understanding the nature of drug treatment in psychiatry. In contrast to the prevailing ‘disease-centred’ model, which suggests that drugs work by targeting underlying abnormalities, the drug-centred model maintains that drugs exert their effects through their psychoactive properties. According to this view, distinctive drug-induced alterations to normal cognition, emotion and behaviour can modify the manifestations of mental disorders independent of diagnosis or aetiological theory. The drug-centred approach already forms the basis of some current practice, particularly off-label prescribing. Within this framework, the matching of drug-induced effects to symptoms or difficulties, taking into account the unwanted aspects of the drug-induced state, becomes the focus of a collaborative endeavour between doctor and patient, consistent with the principles of the recovery model. More research into the full range of effects that psychiatric drugs produce is required to ground a judicious drug-centred practice and inform psychiatric training.
Working with probation services and mentally disordered offenders
Authors: Bourne Rebekah , Rajput Rachna , Field Richard 
Published: July 2015

SummaryA significant proportion of individuals in contact with probation services have mental health problems. Joint working between psychiatrists and probation is crucial to both diversion and resettlement of offenders with mental health conditions. In England and Wales, probation services are involved in the supervision and management of offenders if they receive a suspended or community sentence, or when they are released into the community on licence after serving a determinate, extended or life sentence. This article aims to promote awareness of joint working between probation and mental health services and the role of approved premises. It also describes a successful example of such joint working at Elliott House, approved premises for mentally disordered offenders in Birmingham, UK.
The straw man of prescribing in psychiatry
Authors: Taylor David 
Published: July 2015

Summary‘Drug-centred’ prescribing in psychiatry has been proposed as a new and better approach than the current ‘disease-centred’ alternative. It targets symptoms most important to the patient using the concept that psychotropics act indirectly by altering normal functioning. I contend that it is a straw man: psychiatrists already use ‘drug-centred’ prescribing, applying their knowledge of a drug's pharmacological profile and evidence base to treat each patient's symptoms, not their diagnostic classification. Furthermore, there is no compelling evidence that psychotropics act by altering ‘normal’ functioning: rather, they have diverse effects on different mental states.
Lithium treatment and risk for dementia in adults with bipolar disorder: Population-based cohort study
Authors: Gerhard Tobias , Devanand D. P. , Huang Cecilia , Crystal Stephen , Olfson Mark 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundLithium inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3, an enzyme implicated in the pathogenesis of dementia.AimsTo examine the association of lithium and dementia risk in a large claims-based US cohort of publicly insured older adults with bipolar disorder.MethodThe cohort included individuals ⩾50 years diagnosed with bipolar disorder who did not receive dementia-related services during the prior year. Each follow-up day was classified by past-year cumulative duration of lithium use (0, 1–60, 61–300 and 301–365 days). Dementia diagnosis was the study outcome. Anticonvulsants commonly used as mood stabilisers served as a negative control.ResultsCompared with non-use, 301–365 days of lithium exposure was associated with significantly reduced dementia risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.77, 95% CI 0.60–0.99). No corresponding association was observed for shorter lithium exposures (HR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.83–1.31 for 61–300 days; HR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.67–1.71 for 1–60 days) or for any exposure to anticonvulsants.ConclusionsContinuous lithium treatment may reduce dementia risk in older adults with bipolar disorder.
Invited commentary
Authors: Sutherland Calum , Duthie Ashleigh C. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryAlzheimer's disease clinical trials are failing at an alarming rate, highlighting the desperate need for novel thinking to combat this escalating health crisis. A recent large-scale population study indicates that lithium treatment reduces dementia development, supporting preclinical mechanistic evidence that this commonly used agent might be clinically valuable in dementia.
Trialling the Use of Google Apps Together with Online Marking to Enhance Collaborative Learning and Provide Effective Feedback
Authors: Slee Nicky J. D. , Jacobs Marty H. 
Published: July 2015

This paper describes a new approach to an ecology practical where the cohort was divided into four groups to collect data. Each group studied a different habitat; the cohort was further subdivided into seven groups to collect field data. Each of the four groups collaborated through Google Drive on descriptions and images of the habitat site, and also collaborated at the subgroup level on their own habitat data. The four groups then shared habitat descriptions with the aim to provide enough information to enable everyone to understand entire data set. Group work was assessed online and feedback was given at both the group and subgroup levels. At the end of the first stage, peer assignment of all the work was carried out on an individual basis to engage students in other habitats. A complete set of data was finally provided to all students, so that individuals could carry out their own analysis of all four habitats; work was again assessed online and feedback given to each individual. The three-stage assignment from group work to peer assessment to individual analysis was a success. The collaborative work through Google Drive enabled students to produce high quality documents that were valuable for the next step. The peer assignment enabled students to gain information on expected Minimum Standards and exposed them to a variety of habitats. The final stage was open ended and challenged students. This approach is recommended but the data collection process needs modification, and students need more guidance when completing the final stage of the assignment.
Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Diseases
Authors: Singh Gyanesh , Pachouri U C , Khaidem Devika Chanu , Kundu Aman , Chopra Chirag , Singh Pushplata 
Published: July 2015

Various endogenous and environmental factors can cause mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage. One of the reasons for enhanced mtDNA damage could be its proximity to the source of oxidants, and lack of histone-like protective proteins. Moreover, mitochondria contain inadequate DNA repair pathways, and, diminished DNA repair capacity may be one of the factors responsible for high mutation frequency of the mtDNA. mtDNA damage might cause impaired mitochondrial function, and, unrepaired mtDNA damage has been frequently linked with several diseases. Exploration of mitochondrial perspective of diseases might lead to a better understanding of several diseases, and will certainly open new avenues for detection, cure, and prevention of ailments.
Multifunctional educational establishment: a model of efficient resource management in digital education environment
Authors: �����������  , Pokosovskaya Olga 
Published: July 2015

The article analyses the reasons for the emerge of educational complexes as multi-functional educational establishments at the time of renewal of Russian
education due to the Federal Law on Education in the Russian Federation and transition to new Federal State Educational Standards of pre-school,
primary general, basic general, and secondary general Education. The author considers characteristics (competitive positions, conditions, risks) of the
development of multifunctional educational establishments in Moscow regional system of education. Ways to implement optimization model of efficient
resource management in multifunctional educational establishment are suggested. The author reveals separate elements of the optimization
model to substantiate requirements for professional and special competencies of a Head of an educational establishment, and to demonstrate the
necessity and programs of manager�s training to work in the digital educational environment.
Assessing General Educational Institutions� Performance Against the Linear Quality Measurement Scale
Authors: ������  , Maslak Anatoliy , ����  , Leus O. , ���������  , Titarenko V. 
Published: July 2015

The paper describes the procedure for measuring performance of general educational institutions, using the linear quality scale. Such assessments are
essential to monitoring and compare performance of general education schools. The questionnaire is developed to carry out operational measurement
of schools� performance as the set of indicators. The questionnaire is considered to be the tool for measuring the quality level of schools� performance
against the linear scale and helpful for monitoring and comparative analysis of schools. The analyses of the questionnaire quality and of the general
educational schools� performance assessment are carried out within the frameworks of the latent variables theory, based on the Rasch model. The
indicators, which fit better than others for differentiating between schools with poor and high performance levels, are discussed, as well as indicators,
considered as the most adequate and the less adequate for the assessment model. Characteristic curves of these indicators are provided. Positions
of schools assessed and of indicators are shown against one and the same linear scale of �school performance quality�. Results obtained are used to
compare quality of various schools� performance. As it is shown, the difference between lyceums and general education schools by the latent variable of
�performance quality� is wider, than difference between secondary and general education schools.
Theoretical Basics in Training Teachers in the Context of Shift to the �Mathematics and Informatics� Subject Domain
Authors: ��������  , Dzamykhov A. 
Published: July 2015

Research activities on the ways of improving contents and structure of the school discipline of Informatics and intensified recently. So development of
conceptual basics for methodological system of Informatics teachers training, built in terms of developing due contents for the general educational
course of Informatics within the consistent subject domain of �Mathematics and Informatics�. The paper considers specifics of implementing the upto-
date informational and mathematical training of Informatics teachers, on the basics of both systematic and activity and personality-oriented approaches.
Educational Organization as a Subject of Management
Authors: ���������  , Burlakova I. 
Published: July 2015

Educational organizations are complex, but the most developed social systems, embracing various subsystems. The main shaping features of any social
system are goals that help perform specific functions. Nowadays educational institutions that have chosen in favor of the quality strategy should
develop a pyramid of goals understandable to all their employees. Each employee should know the goals of the whole team, its general ideas, his\her
personal role in the educational process and in the structural unit. Universal properties of the social organization are the following: apartness, direct
management, activity self-regulation capacities, sound organizational culture.