bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
US Military Veteran Perspectives on Eating Disorder Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Masheb Robin M. , Snow Jennifer L. , Siegel Sarah E. , Munro Lindsay F. , Huggins Joy , Hamilton Alison B. , Maguen Shira 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe aimed to explore US veteran perspectives on eating disorder screening, diagnosis, patient–provider conversations, and care in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).MethodRapid qualitative analysis of 30–45 min phone interviews with 16 (N = 16) veterans with an electronic health record ICD‐10 eating disorder diagnosis, who received care at one of two VHA healthcare systems in Connecticut or California. Topics covered included: conversations with providers about eating disorder symptoms, diagnosis, and referral to treatment; feedback about an eating disorder screener, and; reflections on eating disorders among veterans and VHA's effort to address them.ResultsMost veterans reported difficulty understanding and defining the problems they were experiencing and self‐diagnosed their eating disorder before discussing it with a provider. Treatment referrals were almost universally for being overweight rather than for an eating disorder, often leading veterans to feel misunderstood or marginalized. Overall, veterans were enthusiastic about the screener, preferred screening to be conducted by primary care providers, and noted that conversations needed to be non‐stigmatizing. There was consensus that VHA is not doing enough to address this issue, that group support and therapy could be beneficial, and that resources needed to be centralized and accessible.DiscussionFor the most part, veterans felt that, at best, eating disorders and disordered eating are overlooked, and at worst, conflated with overweight. The majority of veterans got referred for weight loss or weight management services but would welcome the opportunity to be screened for, and referred to, eating disorder treatment.
Insights into phylogenetic positions and distribution patterns: Complete mitogenomes of two sympatric Asian horned toads in Boulenophrys (Anura: Megophryidae)
Authors: Xiang Hongmei , Zhou Qiang , Li Wei , Shu Juan , Gu Zhirong , Jiang Wansheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBoulenophrys sangzhiensis and Boulenophrys tuberogranulata, two narrow‐distributed toad species within the Megophryidae family in southern China, are experiencing population declines due to habitat loss and degradation. Despite their critical conservation status, the two species remain largely overlooked in public and scientific spheres. This study presented the first sequencing, assembly, and annotation of the complete mitogenomes of both species using next‐generation sequencing. The mitogenome of B. sangzhiensis was 16,950 bp, while that of B. tuberogranulata was 16,841 bp, each comprising 13 protein‐coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a noncoding control region (D‐loop). The gene content, nucleotide composition, and evolutionary rates of each mitogenome were analyzed. Both mitogenomes exhibited negative AT skew and GC skew with high A + T content. ATP8 exhibited the highest evolutionary rate, while COI had the lowest. A phylogenetic analysis based on 28 mitogenomes revealed two major clades of Megophryidae, supporting the classification of two subfamilies, Megophryinae and Leptobrachiinae. Within the subfamily Megophryinae, the genus Boulenophrys was divided into two species groups. Intriguingly, despite coexisting in Zhangjiajie City, B. sangzhiensis and B. tuberogranulata exhibited distinct origins from the two different species groups, underscoring the unique role of the coexisting area Zhangjiajie in driving their speciation and preserving their current populations. A parallel pattern was also identified in the Leptobrachiinae genus Leptobrachium within the same region. This study provided valuable data references and enhanced our understanding of the molecular characteristics of these threatened amphibian species.
Are Open Science instructions targeted to ecologists and evolutionary biologists sufficient? A literature review of guidelines and journal data policies
Authors: Koivisto Elina , Mäntylä Elina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOpen science (OS) awareness and skills are increasingly becoming an essential part of everyday scientific work as e.g., many journals require authors to share data. However, following an OS workflow can seem challenging at first. Thus, instructions by journals and other guidelines are important. But how comprehensive are they in the field of ecology and evolutionary biology (Ecol Evol)? To find this out, we reviewed 20 published OS guideline articles aimed for ecologists or evolutionary biologists, together with the data policies of 17 Ecol Evol journals to chart the current landscape of OS guidelines in the field, find potential gaps, identify field‐specific barriers for OS and discuss solutions to overcome these challenges. We found that many of the guideline articles covered similar topics, despite being written for a narrow field or specific target audience. Likewise, many of the guideline articles mentioned similar obstacles that could hinder or postpone a transition to open data sharing. Thus, there could be a need for a more widely known, general OS guideline for Ecol Evol. Following the same guideline could also enhance the uniformity of the OS practices carried on in the field. However, some topics, like long‐term experiments and physical samples, were mentioned surprisingly seldom, although they are typical issues in Ecol Evol. Of the journals, 15 out of 17 expected or at least encouraged data sharing either for all articles or under specific conditions, e.g. for registered reports and 10 of those required data sharing at the submission phase. The coverage of journal data policies varied greatly between journals, from practically non‐existing to very extensive. As journals can contribute greatly by leading the way and making open data useful, we recommend that the publishers and journals would invest in clear and comprehensive data policies and instructions for authors.
Using rDNA ITS2 barcoding to identify kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) from the genus Mitragyna and Neolamarckia cadamba
Authors: Chen Meng‐Yi , Tu Yu‐Ching , Shyu Hsin‐Yi , Lin Ting‐An , Juan Chun‐Pai , Wu Fang‐Chin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study collected 80 samples of suspected kratom plant powder. A polymerase chain reaction sequence analysis was conducted using two sets of DNA barcode primers for plant ribosomal (r)DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITSs), namely, ITS3/ITS4 and ITS‐p3/ITS‐u4. Among the 80 samples, 40 were analyzed using the ITS3/ITS4 primer pair, and then DNA sequences were subjected to a National Center for Biotechnology Information–Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (NCBI–BLAST) comparison. Results showed that 29 samples had a 100% match (364/364) with Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), and 6 samples had a 99.73% match (363/364) with M. speciosa, whereas 5 samples had disordered and unreadable sequences. The 5 unreadable samples and an additional 40 suspected kratom samples were then analyzed using the ITS‐p3/ITS‐u4 primer pair, followed by an NCBI–BLAST comparison. Among these, 32 samples had a 100% match (404/404) with M. speciosa, and 11 samples had a 99.75% match (403/404) with M. speciosa. Among the samples with sequences matching M. speciosa, three distinct types were observed (no variance/404, 287M/404, and 287A/404). One sample had a 99.51% match (404/406) with Neolamarckia cadamba, and another sample had a sequencing length of 305 bp, with 25 positions showing mixed base pairs, indicating a mixture of different species. Analysis of the mixed base pair pattern suggested a possible mixture of M. speciosa and N. cadamba. Actually, M. speciosa and N. cadamba have very similar external morphologies. This indicates that the ITS‐p3/ITS‐u4 primer pair is effective in distinguishing mixtures of M. speciosa and N. cadamba and is thus more suitable than ITS3/ITS4 for identifying and analyzing samples of suspected kratom plant powder.
Fungal Enzymes for Saccharification of Gamma‐Valerolactone‐Pretreated White Birch Wood: Optimization of the Production of Talaromyces amestolkiae Cellulolytic Cocktail
Authors: de Eugenio Laura I. , de la Torre Isabel , de Salas Felipe , Vila Francisco , Alonso David , Prieto Alicia , Martínez María Jesús 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTLignocellulosic biomass, the most abundant natural resource on earth, can be used for cellulosic ethanol production but requires a pretreatment to improve enzyme access to the polymeric sugars while obtaining value from the other components. γ‐Valerolactone (GVL) is a promising candidate for biomass pretreatment since it is renewable and bio‐based. In the present work, the effect of a pretreatment based on GVL on the enzymatic saccharification of white birch was evaluated at a laboratory scale and the importance of the washing procedure for the subsequent saccharification was demonstrated. Both the saccharification yield and the production of cellulosic ethanol were higher using a noncommercial enzyme crude from Talaromyces amestolkiae than with the commercial cocktail Cellic CTec2 from Novozymes. Furthermore, the production of extracellular cellulases by T. amestolkiae has been optimized in 2 L bioreactors, with improvements ranging from 40% to 75%. Finally, it was corroborated by isoelectric focus that optimization of cellulase secretion by T. amestolkiae did not affect the pattern production of the main β‐glucosidases and endoglucanases secreted by this fungus.
Perspective on eutectic electrolytes for next‐generation batteries
Authors: Zhang Jiajie , Zhang Yonghui , Fu Jie , Li Xianfeng , Zhang Changkun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe environmental challenges and growing energy demand have promoted the development of renewable energy, including solar, tidal, and wind. The next‐generation electrochemical energy storage (EES), incorporating flow battery (FB) and metal‐based battery (MB, Li, Na, Zn, Mg, etc.) received more attention. The flammable electrolytes in nonaqueous batteries have raised serious safety hazards and more unconventional electrolyte systems have been proposed recently. An emerging class of electrolytes, eutectic electrolytes have been reported in many batteries due to the facile preparation, concentrated states, and unique ion transport properties. In FB, eutectic electrolytes can significantly increase the energy density by promoting the molar ratio of redox active materials. In MB, eutectic electrolytes reduce the vapor pressure and toxicity, inhibit metal dendrites growth, and enlarge the electrochemical window. In this review, we summarize the progress status of different eutectic electrolytes on both FBs and MBs. We expect this review can supply the guidance for the application of eutectic electrolytes in EES.
Brain state dynamics differ between eyes open and eyes closed rest
Authors: Ingram Brandon T. , Mayhew Stephen D. , Bagshaw Andrew P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe human brain exhibits spatio‐temporally complex activity even in the absence of external stimuli, cycling through recurring patterns of activity known as brain states. Thus far, brain state analysis has primarily been restricted to unimodal neuroimaging data sets, resulting in a limited definition of state and a poor understanding of the spatial and temporal relationships between states identified from different modalities. Here, we applied hidden Markov model (HMM) to concurrent electroencephalography‐functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG‐fMRI) eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) resting‐state data, training models on the EEG and fMRI data separately, and evaluated the models' ability to distinguish dynamics between the two rest conditions. Additionally, we employed a general linear model approach to identify the BOLD correlates of the EEG‐defined states to investigate whether the fMRI data could be used to improve the spatial definition of the EEG states. Finally, we performed a sliding window‐based analysis on the state time courses to identify slower changes in the temporal dynamics, and then correlated these time courses across modalities. We found that both models could identify expected changes during EC rest compared to EO rest, with the fMRI model identifying changes in the activity and functional connectivity of visual and attention resting‐state networks, while the EEG model correctly identified the canonical increase in alpha upon eye closure. In addition, by using the fMRI data, it was possible to infer the spatial properties of the EEG states, resulting in BOLD correlation maps resembling canonical alpha‐BOLD correlations. Finally, the sliding window analysis revealed unique fractional occupancy dynamics for states from both models, with a selection of states showing strong temporal correlations across modalities. Overall, this study highlights the efficacy of using HMMs for brain state analysis, confirms that multimodal data can be used to provide more in‐depth definitions of state and demonstrates that states defined across different modalities show similar temporal dynamics.
Integrative gene expression analysis and animal model reveal immune‐ and autophagy‐related biomarkers in osteomyelitis
Authors: Shi Xiangwen , Li Mingjun , Ni Haonan , Wu Yipeng , Li Yang , Chen Xianjun , Xu Yongqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundOsteomyelitis (OM) is recognized as a significant challenge in orthopedics due to its complex immune and inflammatory responses. The prognosis heavily depends on timely diagnosis, accurate classification, and assessment of severity. Thus, the identification of diagnostic and classification‐related genes from an immunological standpoint is crucial for the early detection and tailored treatment of OM.MethodsTranscriptomic data for OM was sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, leading to the identification of autophagy‐ and immune‐related differentially expressed genes (AIR‐DEGs) through differential expression analysis. Diagnostic and classification models were subsequently developed. The CIBERSORT algorithm was utilized to examine immune cell infiltration in OM, and the relationship between OM clusters and various immune cells was explored. Key AIR‐DEGs were further validated through the creation of OM animal models.ResultsAnalysis of the transcriptomic data revealed three AIR‐DEGs that played a significant role in immune responses and pathways. Nomogram and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed, demonstrating excellent diagnostic capability for differentiating between OM patients and healthy individuals, with an area under the curve of 0.814. An unsupervised clustering analysis discerned two unique patterns of autophagy‐ and immune‐related genes, as well as gene patterns. Further exploration into immune infiltration exhibited notable variances across different subtypes, especially between OM cluster 1 and gene cluster A, highlighting their potential role in mitigating inflammatory responses by regulating immune activities. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression levels of three AIR‐DEGs in the animal model were aligned with those in the training and validation data sets.ConclusionsFrom an immunological perspective, a diagnostic model was successfully developed, and two distinct clustering patterns were identified. These contributions offer a significant resource for the early detection and personalized immunotherapy of patients with OM.
Role of artificial intelligence applied to ultrasound in gynecology oncology: A systematic review
Authors: Moro Francesca , Ciancia Marianna , Zace Drieda , Vagni Marica , Tran Huong Elena , Giudice Maria Teresa , Zoccoli Sofia Gambigliani , Mascilini Floriana , Ciccarone Francesca , Boldrini Luca , D'Antonio Francesco , Scambia Giovanni , Testa Antonia Carla 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to explore the role of artificial intelligence (AI) applied to ultrasound imaging in gynecology oncology. Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched. All studies were imported to RAYYAN QCRI software. The overall quality of the included studies was assessed using QUADAS‐AI tool. Fifty studies were included, of these 37/50 (74.0%) on ovarian masses or ovarian cancer, 5/50 (10.0%) on endometrial cancer, 5/50 (10.0%) on cervical cancer, and 3/50 (6.0%) on other malignancies. Most studies were at high risk of bias for subject selection (i.e., sample size, source, or scanner model were not specified; data were not derived from open‐source datasets; imaging preprocessing was not performed) and index test (AI models was not externally validated) and at low risk of bias for reference standard (i.e., the reference standard correctly classified the target condition) and workflow (i.e., the time between index test and reference standard was reasonable). Most studies presented machine learning models (33/50, 66.0%) for the diagnosis and histopathological correlation of ovarian masses, while others focused on automatic segmentation, reproducibility of radiomics features, improvement of image quality, prediction of therapy resistance, progression‐free survival, and genetic mutation. The current evidence supports the role of AI as a complementary clinical and research tool in diagnosis, patient stratification, and prediction of histopathological correlation in gynecological malignancies. For example, the high performance of AI models to discriminate between benign and malignant ovarian masses or to predict their specific histology can improve the diagnostic accuracy of imaging methods.
m6A methylation of RNF43 inhibits the progression of endometriosis through regulating oxidative phosphorylation via NDUFS1
Authors: Tang Yuxia , Lu Xingfei , Lin Kexin , Li Jiayi , Yuan Ming , Lin Kaiqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOxidative phosphorylation is becoming increasingly important in the induction and development of endometriosis. Recently, it has been reported that ring finger protein 43 (RNF43) is involved in the process of oxidative phosphorylation, but the mechanism remains unclear. Our investigation is to delve into the roles of RNF43 in endometriosis and elucidate the related mechanisms. We found RNF43 was downregulated in ectopic endometrial tissue and primary ectopic endometrial stromal cells (ECESCs). Knockdown of RNF43 enhanced cell viability and migration by activating oxidative phosphorylation in eutopic endometrial stromal cells (EUESCs), while overexpression of RNF43 led to the opposite results. Moreover, RNF43 reinforced the ubiquitination and degradation of NADH dehydrogenase Fe‐S protein 1 (NDUFS1) by interacting with it. Likewise to RNF43 overexpression, NDUFS1 silencing inhibited cell viability, migration, and oxidative phosphorylation in ECESCs. NDUFS1 was a downstream target of RNF43, mediating its biological role in endometriosis. Interestingly, the expression and stability of RNF43 mRNA were regulated by the Methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3)/IGF2BP2 m6A modification axis. The results of rat experiments showed decreased RNF43 expression and increased NDUFS1 expression in endometriosis rats, which was enhanced by METTL3 inhibition. Those observations indicated that m6A methylation‐mediated RNF43 negatively affects viability and migration of endometrial stromal cells through regulating oxidative phosphorylation via NDUFS1. The discovery of METTL3/RNF43/NDUFS1 axis suggested promising therapeutic targets for endometriosis.
Mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary disease: Implications for the potential therapeutics
Authors: Li Hui , Dai Xinyan , Zhou Junfu , Wang Yujuan , Zhang Shiying , Guo Jiacheng , Shen Lidu , Yan Hengxiu , Jiang Huiling 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMitochondria are dynamic organelles that continuously undergo fusion/fission to maintain normal cell physiological activities and energy metabolism. When mitochondrial dynamics is unbalanced, mitochondrial homeostasis is broken, thus damaging mitochondrial function. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that impairment in mitochondrial dynamics leads to lung tissue injury and pulmonary disease progression in a variety of disease models, including inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and barrier breakdown, and that the role of mitochondrial dynamics varies among pulmonary diseases. These findings suggest that modulation of mitochondrial dynamics may be considered as a valid therapeutic strategy in pulmonary diseases. In this review, we discuss the current evidence on the role of mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary diseases, with a particular focus on its underlying mechanisms in the development of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis (PF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), lung cancer and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and outline effective drugs targeting mitochondrial dynamics‐related proteins, highlighting the great potential of targeting mitochondrial dynamics in the treatment of pulmonary disease.
Ceramide‐mediated orchestration of oxidative stress response through filopodia‐derived small extracellular vesicles
Authors: Quadri Zainuddin , Elsherbini Ahmed , Crivelli Simone M. , El‐Amouri Salim S. , Tripathi Priyanka , Zhu Zhihui , Ren Xiaojia , Zhang Liping , Spassieva Stefka D. , Nikolova‐Karakashian Mariana , Bieberich Erhard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are shed from the plasma membrane, but the regulation and function of these EVs remain unclear. We found that oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in Hela cells stimulated filopodia formation and the secretion of EVs. EVs were small (150 nm) and labeled for CD44, indicating that they were derived from filopodia. Filopodia‐derived small EVs (sEVs) were enriched with the sphingolipid ceramide, consistent with increased ceramide in the plasma membrane of filopodia. Ceramide was colocalized with neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), two sphingomyelinases generating ceramide at the plasma membrane. Inhibition of nSMase2 and ASM prevented oxidative stress‐induced sEV shedding but only nSMase2 inhibition prevented filopodia formation. nSMase2 was S‐palmitoylated and interacted with ASM in filopodia to generate ceramide for sEV shedding. sEVs contained nSMase2 and ASM and decreased the level of these two enzymes in oxidatively stressed Hela cells. A novel metabolic labeling technique for EVs showed that oxidative stress induced secretion of fluorescent sEVs labeled with NBD‐ceramide. NBD‐ceramide‐labeled sEVs transported ceramide to mitochondria, ultimately inducing cell death in a proportion of neuronal (N2a) cells. In conclusion, using Hela cells we provide evidence that oxidative stress induces interaction of nSMase2 and ASM at filopodia, which leads to shedding of ceramide‐rich sEVs that target mitochondria and propagate cell death.