bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Group, One-on-One, or Internet? Preferences for Mindfulness Meditation Delivery Format and their Predictors
Authors: Wahbeh Helané , Svalina Matthew N. , Oken Barry S. 
Published: December 2014

Objectives:Group mindfulness meditation interventions have improved symptoms in many health conditions. However, many people are unwilling to receive group treatment, so alternative delivery methods such as individual and internet may be a useful option. The study objective was to examine mindfulness meditation intervention delivery format preferences and their relationship to potential predictors.Design:An online survey was conducted of adult English speakers. Data was collected on interest and preference for internet, individual, or group formats of a mindfulness meditation intervention. Age, gender, personality, and posttraumatic stress disorder score and status and depression status were also collected.Results and Conclusion:500 eligible participants completed the survey (mean age 39±15; range 18-70; 68% female). Participants were more interested in the Internet (n=356) and individual formats (n=384) than the group format (n=245). Fifty-five participants (11%) said they would refuse a group format. Internet was the first choice format for most participants (Internet 212 (43%), Individual 187 (38%), Group 97 (20%) and group was the last choice for most participants (Internet 140 (29%), Individual 70 (14%), Group 279 (57%)). Age, extraversion and emotional stability were significant in predicting first choice format. These results support the need for more research and implementation of alternative mindfulness meditation intervention delivery formats. Future research will incorporate additional predictors and include a broader range of participants.
Stigmatizing Opinions of Chinese toward Different Types of Mental Illnesses: A Qualitative Study in Hong Kong
Authors: Lam Tai Pong , Sun Kai Sing 
Published: December 2014

Objective: There is a lack of in-depth studies on the stigmatization of mental health patients in China. This study aimed to investigate the stigmatizing opinions of Chinese toward different types of mental illnesses by a qualitative approach. Method: Nine focus group interviews with 5 to 12 participants each were conducted in areas of different social classes in Hong Kong. Opinions on different types of mental illnesses, including anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, dementia, mania, bipolar disorder, and alcohol/drug abuse, were discussed by the focus group participants. Results: The participants tended to share very negative examples about the potential violent and annoying behaviors of patients with psychosis, including schizophrenia, mania, and bipolar disorders. However, the stigmatizing opinions did not generalize across different mental illnesses. Patients with anxiety or dementia were much better accepted than those with psychosis. The views on depression were diverse, depending on whether the patients had violent behaviors. Alcohol and drug abuse were seldom related to mental illnesses by the participants. Conclusions: While there are different stereotypes for different mental illnesses, the perceived risks of aggressive behaviors determine the public's acceptance. Future interventions among Chinese should aim to reduce the public's exaggeration of the aggressive image of psychotic patients.
Hypoglycemia and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality in Insulin-Treated People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study
Authors: Khunti Kamlesh , Davies Melanie , Majeed Azeem , Thorsted Brian Larsen , Wolden Michael Lyng , Paul Sanjoy K. 
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVE
Hypoglycemia has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and all-cause mortality. This study assessed whether, in a nationally representative population, there is an association between hypoglycemia, the risk of CV events, and all-cause mortality among insulin-treated people with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This retrospective cohort study used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink database and included all insulin-treated patients (≥30 years of age) with a diagnosis of diabetes.

RESULTS
In patients who experienced hypoglycemia, hazard ratios (HRs) for CV events in people with type 1 diabetes were 1.51 (95% CI 0.83, 2.75; P = ns) and 1.61 (1.17, 2.22), respectively, for those with and without a history of CV disease (CVD) before the index date. In people with type 2 diabetes, the HRs for patients with and without a history of CVD were 1.60 (1.21, 2.12) and 1.49 (1.23, 1.82), respectively. For all-cause mortality, HRs in people with type 1 diabetes were 1.98 (1.25, 3.17), and 2.03 (1.66, 2.47), respectively, for those with and without a history of CVD. Among people with type 2 diabetes, HRs were 1.74 (1.39, 2.18) and 2.48 (2.21, 2.79), respectively, for those with and without a history of CVD. The median time (interquartile range) from first hypoglycemia event to first CV event was 1.5 years (0.5, 3.5 years) and 1.5 years (0.5, 3.0 years), respectively, for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
Hypoglycemia is associated with an increased risk of CV events and all-cause mortality in insulin-treated patients with diabetes. The relationship between hypoglycemia and CV outcomes and mortality exists over a long period.
Principles of age-related changes in the canine and feline brain
Authors: Papaioannou Nikolaos 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In the aged dog and cat, especially dog, a cognitive decline develops naturally in many different domains, but at the same time it also exhibits human-like individual variability in the aging process. In the aging dog and cat brain lesions develop spontaneously. Dogs share some morphological characteristics with those of Alzheimer’s disease in man. The canine brain with its plaques and tangles which show oxidative changes, forms a spontaneous model for understanding the early changes and their interrelationships in Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, the aged dog represents a useful model for the development of preventive or therapeutic interventions to improve aged brain function. These interventions can then be translated into human clinical trials.
Genotype and allele frequencies of polymorphisms in ABCG2, PPARGC1A and OLR1 genes in indigenous cattle breeds in Turkey
Authors: Ateş Atila , Türkay Hoştürk Gülhan , Akiş Iraz , Esen Gürsel Feraye , Yardibi Hasret , Öztabak Kemal 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This study was carried out to determine polymorphisms of four genes in South Anatolian Red (SAR) and East Anatolian Red (EAR) indigenous cattle breeds in Turkey. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) monitored in this study are Y581S in ATP binding cassette sub family G member 2 (ABCG2) gene, c.1892T>C and c.3359A>C in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) gene and g.8232C>A in oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) gene. The frequency of the ancestral allele A of the ABCG2 gene Y581S polymorphism was found to be very high (SAR: 0.63; EAR: 0.64) in both cattle breeds. The CC genotypes of PPARGC1A gene c.1892T>C (SAR: 0.65; EAR: 0.80) and OLR1 gene g.8232C>A polymorphisms (SAR: 0.82; EAR: 0.86), which are associated with high milk fat percentage, had higher frequencies than those of the other genotypes. In conclusion, we might suggest that the allele distribution of the ABCG2 gene Y581S polymorphism can be the evidence indicating autosomal gene flow from zebu cattle to SAR and EAR cattle breeds.
Histological and Histochemical Properties of M. Semitendinosus in German Landrace Pigs at Birth and Market Weight/Histološke I Histohemijske Osobine M. Semitendinosus-A Svinja Rase Nemački Landras Na Rođenju I Na Završetku Tova
Authors: Ivana Adamović , Duško Vitorović , Miloš Blagojević , Ivana Nešić , Zlata Brkić 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Current intensive pig meat production conditions impose the need to expand the knowledge about skeletal muscle characteristics, with the aim to improve both production of pig lean meat and meat quality. Histological and biochemical characteristics of the muscle highly infl uence the quality of meat, with muscle fi ber number, size and fi ber type distribution being important constituents. The objective of this study was to examine the structure of m. semitendinosus of piglets at birth, and slaughter pigs at the end of fattening. Total muscle fi ber number was 350 x 103 in newborn piglets and increased up to nearly 900 x 103 in slaughter pigs. At birth, the muscle consisted of 3.76% primary fi bers and 96.24% secondary fi bers. At slaughter, slow-twitch oxidative fi bers represented 21% of the total muscle fi ber number, fast-twitch oxidative fi bers represented 28 % while the majority of fi bers (52%) in m. semitendinosus were of fast twitch glycolitic type. Obtained results indicate that postnatal muscle growth is accomplished mainly by muscle fi ber hypertrophy.
Behavioral and Physiological Reactivity of Mares and Stallions Evaluated in Performance Tests/Procena Fizioloških Parametara I Reaktivnosti Kobila I Pastuva Na Osnovu Performans Testa
Authors: Monika Budzyńska , Jarosław Kamieniak , Wanda Krupa , Leszek Sołtys 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In many countries completing the performance test requirements is obligatory only for stallions, but some breeders also decide for the assessment of their mares’ performance under standardized conditions. This study is aimed the evaluation of sex related effects on behavioral and physiological reactivity in fearfulness test and performance test scores in Polish warmblood horses of Małopolska breed (22 mares and 34 stallions) assessed at the training station. Equine reactivity to potentially frightening stimuli was assessed in the fearfulness test by behavior scoring and heart rate monitoring. Horses of both sexes were assessed in standardized performance tests accordingly to the rules of performance tests given in the Breeding Program for the Małopolski Horse Breed by the Polish Horse Breeders Association. The mares showed a significantly more quiet response in the fearfulness test in comparison to stallions. A relation among some reactivity and performance traits in both sexes was found. The behavior scores of the fearfulness test were positively correlated with character and temperament only in mares. However, the better the scores for temperament and character the stallions received, the lower the heart rate before testing. The present study demonstrates that temperament and character assessment, as a part of the standardized performance test, should involve not only a subjective trainer’s evaluation, but also a horse reactivity assessment based on objective behavioral tests and heart rate monitoring. The results showed that sex has an effect on behavioral reactivity of horses. Thus, it is important to consider the horses’ sex during selection for a particular type of riding, and performance assessment should be obligatory for both sexes. The assessment of the same performance traits in both, stallions and mares, significantly improves good breeding practice.
Effects of Various Meal Compositions on Production Results, Economic Performance and Fish Meat Quality/Uticaj Različitog Sastava Obroka Na Proizvodnoekonomske Rezultate I Kvalitet Mesa Ribe
Authors: Milan Tešić , Milan Baltić , Vlado Teodorović , Drago Nedić , Milorad Mirilović , Radmila Marković , Aleksandra Aleksić-Agelidis 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of various dietary meal compositions on production, economic performance and meat quality of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Experimental group (0-I) was fed with a mixture containing 30% fish meal, 35% soybean meal, 30% sardines and 5% fish oil. Experimental group 0-II was fed with a combined meal consisting of 75% of fish food pellets and 25% of sardines. The control group (C) was fed with a standard complete pelleted feed. The best result was obtained in group 0-II, while group C achieved results common for local food quality and farming conditions in Serbia. Group 0-I had less productive results compared to group C and group 0-II. Feed used in group 0-II has its own nutritional, biological and economic justification.
Use of different fish meals had no significant influence on trout meat chemical composition, except the fat content which was significantly higher in group 0-II. Considering current market prices of fish feed and fish as a final product, the best economic results were achieved by using the combined feed in group 0-II.
Au-delà de la névrose. Vers une troisième topique de Bernard Brusset
Authors: Lucas Gérard 
Published: December 2014

À partir du traitement psychanalytique d’un cas clinique non névrotique, poursuivi durant une dizaine d’années, Bernard Brusset se propose de réarticuler, à partir des pulsions, les deux topiques freudiennes, en tirant parti des développements de la pratique et de la théorie psychanalytique de ces cinquante dernières années. Il utilise en particulier les travaux de Wilfred Bion, d’André Green et de Donald Woods Winnicott. Faut-il parler d’enrichissement ou d’une troisième topique au cours de la relation analytique ? Bernard Brusset pointe cette topique comme une condition de l’existence des deux autres, de la subjectalisation et de l’objectalisation.
An Ecological Study of Food Desert Prevalence and 4Th Grade Academic Achievement in New York State School Districts
Authors: Frndak Seth E. 
Published: December 2014

Background This ecological study examines the relationship between food desert prevalence and academic achievement at the school district level. Design and methods Sample included 232 suburban and urban school districts in New York State. Multiple open-source databases were merged to obtain: 4th grade science, English and math scores, school district demographic composition (NYS Report Card), regional socioeconomic indicators (American Community Survey), school district quality (US Common Core of Data), and food desert data (USDA Food Desert Atlas). Multiple regression models assessed the percentage of variation in achievement scores explained by food desert variables, after controlling for additional predictors. Results The proportion of individuals living in food deserts significantly explained 4th grade achievement scores, after accounting for additional predictors. School districts with higher proportions of individuals living in food desert regions demonstrated lower 4th grade achievement across science, English and math. Conclusions Food deserts appear to be related to academic achievement at the school district level among urban and suburban regions. Further research is needed to better understand how food access is associated with academic achievement at the individual level.
Application of Chemometric Methods for Assessment and Modelling of Microbiological Quality Data concerning Coastal Bathing Water in Greece
Authors: Papaioannou Agelos , Rigas George , Papastergiou Panagiotis , Hadjichristodoulou Christos 
Published: December 2014

Background Worldwide, the aim of managing water is to safeguard human health whilst maintaining sustainable aquatic and associated terrestrial, ecosystems. Because human enteric viruses are the most likely pathogens responsible for waterborne diseases from recreational water use, but detection methods are complex and costly for routine monitoring, it is of great interest to determine the quality of coastal bathing water with a minimum cost and maximum safety. Design and methods This study handles the assessment and modelling of the microbiological quality data of 2149 seawater bathing areas in Greece over 10-year period (1997-2006) by chemometric methods. Results Cluster analysis results indicated that the studied bathing beaches are classified in accordance with the seasonality in three groups. Factor analysis was applied to investigate possible determining factors in the groups resulted from the cluster analysis, and also two new parameters were created in each group; VF1 includes E. coli, faecal coliforms and total coliforms and VF2 includes faecal streptococci/enterococci. By applying the cluster analysis in each seasonal group, three new groups of coasts were generated, group A (ultraclean), group B (clean) and group C (contaminated). Conclusions The above analysis is confirmed by the application of discriminant analysis, and proves that chemometric methods are useful tools for assessment and modeling microbiological quality data of coastal bathing water on a large scale, and thus could attribute to effective and economical monitoring of the quality of coastal bathing water in a country with a big number of bathing coasts, like Greece.
A Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais no contexto do acesso aberto à informação científica: identificação de seus sistemas de informação
Authors: Souza Ráisa Mendes Fernandes de , Alvarenga Lídia 
Published: December 2014

Os obstáculos enfrentados pela comunidade científica na disseminação e na garantia de acesso às próprias produções, contextualizados na necessidade de acesso aberto à informação científica, impulsionaram a criação dos Repositórios Institucionais - RIs. Trata-se de tecnologias adotadas por instituições de ensino e de pesquisa que visam gerir e disponibilizar a produção científica local. A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral caracterizar sistemas de informação da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais analisando a percepção dos atores responsáveis por sua existência/manutenção dentro do contexto do acesso aberto à informação científica. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e qualitativa que tem por objeto os sistemas de informação criados dentro da universidade para o apoio ao ensino, à pesquisa e à extensão, nos quais contenham produções ou registros de produções, científicas ou não, da comunidade acadêmica local. Notou-se certa consciência dos atores entrevistados em relação à existência dos demais sistemas, apesar de tal consciência não ser a ideal. De forma geral, a UFMG possui Gestores e Depositantes suficientemente competentes para gerir um repositório maior, como é o caso de um RI. Como conclusão, faz-se necessária uma política de informação científica consolidada que nasça dos setores hierarquicamente superiores e que seja repassada aos setores inferiores para, assim, ser possível articular toda a comunidade universitária em prol de uma causa comum. O estudo ressalta a comunidade da UFMG e a otimização do acesso aberto às publicações da Universidade como escopo para possíveis estudos futuros.
History of Multivariate Analysis of Variance
Authors: Hershberger Scott L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMultivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) can be thought of as a multivariate generalization of analysis of variance (ANOVA), in which more than one dependent variable is used to evaluate group differences. Wilks introduced lambda (Λ) in 1932 as a statistical test of the equality of group centroids. Wilks's Λ was derived from the likelihood ratio of the null and non‐null hypotheses usually specified in MANOVA. Subsequently, other MANOVA test criteria were developed, although all share with Λ the difficulty of unusually complex sampling distributions. Instead of using Λ directly, either an approximate chi‐square orFratio transformation of Λ is preferred.
Model Identifiability
Authors: Huang Guan‐Hua 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A model is identifiable if there is a one‐to‐one correspondence between the probability distribution of the data and the values of model parameters. When applying a nonidentifiable model, different people may draw different conclusions from the same model of the observed data. Before one can meaningfully discuss the estimation of a model, model identifiability must be verified.
Linear Statistical Models for Causation: A Critical Review
Authors: Freedman D. A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe review the basis for inferring causation by means of linear statistical models. Parameters should be stable under interventions, and so should error distributions. There are also statistical conditions that must be satisfied. Stability is difficult to establisha priori, and the statistical conditions are equally problematic. Therefore, causal relationships are seldom to be inferred from a data set by running regressions, unless there is substantial prior knowledge about the mechanisms that generated the data.
Goodness of Fit Indices
Authors: Mulaik Stanley A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGoodness of fit is assessed by tests of exact fit and indices of approximation. The chi squared statistic is a test of exact fit. Many indices of approximation are based on estimates of the normalized noncentrality parameter, which is a measure of the degree of lack of fit for the model to the data that is invariant of sample size. Discussed are commonly used indices such as the CFI, the RMSEA, the GFI index, and Steiger's Γ1.
Model Selection
Authors: Cortina Lilia M. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Given the complexity inherent in behavioral phenomena, there are typically multiple plausible models that can account for any set of observations. The task, then, is to select the model that shows superior qualities in terms of fit, parsimony, interpretability, and consistency with theory. Even then, the researcher cannot claim to have identified the one ‘true’ model, because selection of an excellent model could artifactually result from failure to consider every possible alternative.
Catastrophe Theory
Authors: Wagenmakers E.‐J. , Maas H. L. J. , M. Molenaar P. C. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Catastrophe theory describes how small, continuous changes in control parameters (i.e., independent variables that influence the state of a system) can have sudden, discontinuous effects on dependent variables. Such discontinuous, jumplike changes are called
phase‐transitions
or
catastrophes
. Examples include the sudden collapse of a bridge under slowly mounting pressure, and the freezing of water when temperature is gradually decreased. This entry expands on the ideas inherent in catastrophe models.
Saturated Model
Authors: Hershberger Scott L. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A saturated model is a model that perfectly fits the data because it has as many parameters as there are values to be fitted. Saturated models are also just‐identified models, and can provide useful information in the search for a more parsimonious, unsaturated model in which some of the parameters of the saturated are not estimated. Saturated and unsaturated models must be hierarchically nested in order to evaluate the unsaturated model's fit to the data.
Clinical Trials, Early Cancer and Heart Disease
Authors: Schneiderman Marvin A. , Gehan Edmund A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractEarly developments in controlled clinical trials at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) took place mainly at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and what was then the National Heart Institute (NHI) (subsequently the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI))beginning in the 1950s. This article reviews the developments from the early 1950s to the late 1960s at both institutes, summarizing the early efforts in clinical trials, the organizations set up to conduct and monitor the clinical trials, and the developments in statistical methodology that have formed the basis for conducting many of the present day randomized controlled trials. The early history of clinical trials at these institutes has been reviewed in more detail at NCI by Gehan & Schneiderman and at NHLBI by Halperin et al.