bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triazine herbicide prometryn alters epoxide hydrolase activity and increases cytochrome P450 metabolites in murine livers via lipidomic profiling
Authors: Sule Rasheed O. , Morisseau Christophe , Yang Jun , Hammock Bruce D. , Gomes Aldrin V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOxylipins are a group of bioactive fatty acid metabolites generated via enzymatic oxygenation. They are notably involved in inflammation, pain, vascular tone, hemostasis, thrombosis, immunity, and coagulation. Oxylipins have become the focus of therapeutic intervention since they are implicated in many conditions, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and aging. The liver plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism and distribution throughout the organism. Long-term exposure to pesticides is suspected to contribute to hepatic carcinogenesis via notable disruption of lipid metabolism. Prometryn is a methylthio-s-triazine herbicide used to control the growth of annual broadleaf and grass weeds in many cultivated plants. The amounts of prometryn documented in the environment, mainly waters, soil and plants used for human and domestic consumption are significantly high. Previous research revealed that prometryn decreased liver development during zebrafish embryogenesis. To understand the mechanisms by which prometryn could induce hepatotoxicity, the effect of prometryn (185 mg/kg every 48 h for seven days) was investigated on hepatic and plasma oxylipin levels in mice. Using an unbiased LC–MS/MS-based lipidomics approach, prometryn was found to alter oxylipins metabolites that are mainly derived from cytochrome P450 (CYP) and lipoxygenase (LOX) in both mice liver and plasma. Lipidomic analysis revealed that the hepatotoxic effects of prometryn are associated with increased epoxide hydrolase (EH) products, increased sEH and mEH enzymatic activities, and induction of oxidative stress. Furthermore, 9-HODE and 13-HODE levels were significantly increased in prometryn treated mice liver, suggesting increased levels of oxidation products. Together, these results support that sEH may be an important component of pesticide-induced liver toxicity.
Temperature stability and enhanced transport properties by surface modifications of silica nanoparticle tracers for geo-reservoir exploration
Authors: Spitzmüller Laura , Berson Jonathan , Schimmel Thomas , Kohl Thomas , Nitschke Fabian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTracer tests are an important tool for characterizing and monitoring subsurface reservoir properties. However, they are limited both because of the tracer molecules constraining factors such as irreversible adsorption, retention, and degradations, i.e. interaction processes of fluorophore molecule with surrounding media resulting in a large variation in transport properties. Elaborate tests utilizing more than one tracer to distinguish time or location of injection are complex and interpretation is ambiguous because each tracer interacts differently. In this study, we present an approach to increase tracer stability and enhance the transport uniformity of different tracers, thus making tests utilizing multiple tracers simpler and more feasible. We present this concept of tracer multiplicity by encapsulating an anionic, cationic or amphoteric fluorophore inside mesoporous silica nanoparticle carriers coated with a protective titania layer. Upon encapsulation, increased thermal resistance and drastically lowered sorption affinity towards quartz sand was detected in batch and flow-through experiments. An additional advantage of the presented nanoparticle tracers over molecular tracers is their modularity, which is demonstrated by surface modifications and application of additives that greatly reduce sorption and increase recovery rates in the flow experiments. With the here presented concept of tracer multiplicity, we introduce a new approach for colloidal tracer design that has the potential to expand and enhance measurable parameters, measurement accuracy and simplicity of analysis.
Detection of a new sample of Galactic white dwarfs in the direction of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Sidharth A. V. , Shridharan B. , Mathew B. , Devaraj A. , Cysil T. B. , Stalin C. S. , Arun R. , Bhattacharyya S. , Kartha S. S. , Robin T. 
Published: August 2024

Aims. In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) in identifying and characterizing white dwarfs (WDs) within the Milky Way Galaxy.
Methods. Leveraging the UVIT point-source catalogue towards the Small Magellanic Cloud and cross-matching it with Gaia DR3 data, we identified 43 single WDs (37 new detections), 13 new WD+main-sequence candidates, and 161 UV bright main-sequence stars by analysing their spectral energy distributions. Using the WD evolutionary models, we determined the masses, effective temperatures, and cooling ages of these identified WDs.
Results. The masses of these WDs range from 0.2 to 1.3 M⊙ and the effective temperatures (Teff) lie between 10 000 K to 15 000 K, with cooling ages spanning 0.1–2 Gyr. Notably, we detect WDs that are hotter than reported in the literature, which we attribute to the sensitivity of UVIT. Furthermore, we report the detection of 20 new extremely low-mass candidates from our analysis. Future spectroscopic studies of the extremely low-mass candidates will help us understand the formation scenarios of these exotic objects. Despite limitations in Gaia DR3 distance measurements for optically faint WDs, we provide a crude estimate of the WD space density within 1kpc of 1.3 × 10−3 pc−3, which is higher than previous estimates in the literature.
Conclusions. Our results underscore the instrumental capabilities of UVIT and anticipate forthcoming UV missions such as INSIST for systematic WD discovery. Our method sets a precedent for future analyses in other UVIT fields to find more WDs and perform spectroscopic studies to verify their candidacy.
Development of improved higher-order correction for the NIF opacity spectrometer
Authors: Hobbs B. A. , Mayes D. C. , Heeter R. F. , Bradley P. A. , Dutra E. C. , Fontes C. J. , Gallardo-Diaz E. , Hohenberger M. , Johns H. M. , Opachich Y. P. , Robey H. F. , Stoupin S. , Wallace M. S. , Webster L. G. , Montgomery M. H. , Perry T. S. , Winget D. E. 
Published: August 2024

X-ray opacity measurements on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are in the process of reproducing earlier measurements from the Sandia Z Facility, in particular for oxygen and iron plasmas. These measurements have the potential to revise our understanding of the “solar problem” and of the hot degenerate Q class white dwarf structure by probing plasma conditions near the base of their convection zones. Accurate opacity measurements using soft x-ray Bragg crystal spectrometers require correction for higher-order diffraction effects. Extending prior work in this area [Dutra et al., Review of Scientific Instruments 93, 113527 (2022)], we have developed a new method to remove higher-order spectral components from NIF opacity spectrometer data. By modeling absorption and backlighting continuum spectra and subtracting the second- and third-order components from the measured data, we are able to perform this correction while avoiding imprinting first-order model line features onto the data.
Photo- and exchange-field controlled spin and valley polarized transport in a normal/antiferromagnetic/normal (N/AF/N) junction based on transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Helaleh Shahla , Alipourzadeh Mohammad , Hajati Yaser 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We theoretically investigate spin- and valley-polarized transport within a normal/antiferromagnetic/normal (N/AF/N) junction based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), under the influence of off-resonance circularly polarized light and gate voltage. Antiferromagnetism modulates spin states and the effective gap, reducing the spin gap for one state while increasing it for the opposite, resulting in a broad spin polarization and a controlled gap. Off-resonance circularly polarized light adjusts the valley degree of freedom and the effective gap, providing a wide range of valley polarization. Harnessing the strong spin–orbit coupling in TMDs enables perfect spin-valley polarization in the proposed junction across a wide range of Fermi energies through AF and/or off-resonance light manipulation. AF manipulation effectively narrows the band gap of TMDs at lower light energies, enhancing potential applications of the proposed junction for spin-valley filtering.
Cathodoluminescence from interlayer excitons in a 2D semiconductor heterobilayer
Authors: Borghi Matteo T A , Wilson Neil R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Photoluminescence has widely been used to study excitons in semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide (MX2) monolayers, demonstrating strong light-matter interactions and locked spin and valley degrees of freedom. In heterobilayers composed of overlapping monolayers of two different MX2, an interlayer exciton can form, with the hole localised in one layer and the electron in the other. These interlayer excitons are long-lived, field-tunable, and can be trapped by moiré patterns formed at small twist angles between the layers. Here we demonstrate that emission from radiative recombination of interlayer excitons can be observed by cathodoluminescence from a WSe2/MoSe2 heterobilayer encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride. The higher spatial resolution of cathodoluminescence, compared to photoluminescence, allows detailed analysis of sample heterogeneity at the 100 s of nm lengthscales over which twist angles tend to vary in dry-transfer fabricated heterostructures.
On q-Painlevé VI and the geometry of Segre surfaces
Authors: Roffelsen Pieter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the context of q-Painlevé VI with generic parameter values, the Riemann–Hilbert correspondence induces a one-to-one mapping between solutions of the nonlinear equation and points on an affine Segre surface. Upon fixing a generic point on the surface, we give formulae for the function values of the corresponding solution near the critical points, in the form of complete, convergent, asymptotic expansions. These lead in particular to the solution of the nonlinear connection problem for the general solution of q-Painlevé VI. We further show that, when the point on the Segre surface is moved to one of the sixteen lines on the surface, one of the asymptotic expansions near the critical points truncates, under suitable parameter assumptions. At intersection points of lines, this then yields doubly truncated asymptotics at one of the critical points or simultaneous truncation at both.
Optimizing photocurrent intensity in layered SiGe heterostructures
Authors: Sultan M T , Ciurea M L , Stavarache I , Thórarinsdóttir K A , Arnalds U B , Teodorescu V , Manolescu A , Ingvarsson S , Svavarsson H G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the dependence of photo-spectral intensity on tri- and multilayers of SiO2/[SiGe [

d

SiGe

]/SiO2]
N
with repetitions N = 1 to 10 and thicknesses

d

SiGe

=
5

–100 nm. Photocurrent analysis reveals a bimodal spectral feature. A comparison of the photocurrent analysis between tri- and multilayers shows that in the multilayer structures, the photo-spectral intensity increases with increasing repetition N. The change in intensity could then be further tuned by changing the thickness of the SiGe layers

d

SiGe

. We attribute the change in intensity to an increase in tensile strain, along with increased Ge atomic concentration and reduced SiGe-nano cluster size.
Electromechanical response of multilayer graphene sheet/polypropylene nanocomposites and its relationship with the graphene sheet physicochemical properties
Authors: Medina C , Canché H , Oliva-Avilés A I , Avilés F 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The mechanical, electrical, and piezoresistive responses of multilayer graphene sheet (GS)/polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites are investigated using four GSs of distinctive physicochemical properties. It is found that the morphology of the interconnected network of GS agglomerates at the mesoscale governs the mechanical, electrical, and electro-mechanical (piezoresistive) properties of the PP nanocomposites. The morphology of the mesoscale network of electroconductive fillers governs the effective properties of the nanocomposite. This network morphology strongly depends on the GS lateral size, dispersion, agglomeration, and, to a lesser extent, the specific surface area of the GSs. Within the range of lateral sizes investigated herein (1–21 μm), larger GSs yields nanocomposites with higher electrical conductivity. On the other hand, GSs of moderate lateral size (∼6.5 μm) and specific surface area of ∼141 m2 g−1 render GS/PP nanocomposites with a more dispersed and more sparsely interconnected network. This better dispersed network with agglomerates of smaller dimensions is concomitant with improved stiffness and strength, and higher gauge factors (∼18.2) for this GS/PP nanocomposites. Excellent capabilities for detection of human motion were proved for these nanocomposites.
Responsibility of small defects for the low radiation tolerance of coated conductors
Authors: Unterrainer Raphael , Gambino Davide , Semper Florian , Bodenseher Alexander , Torsello Daniele , Laviano Francesco , Fischer David X , Eisterer Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Rare-earth-barium-copper-oxide based coated conductors exhibit a relatively low radiation robustness compared to e.g. Nb3Sn due to the d-wave symmetry of the order parameter, rendering impurity scattering pair breaking. The type and size of the introduced defects influence the degrading effects on the superconducting properties; thus the disorder cannot be quantified by the number of displaced atoms alone. In order to develop degradation mitigation strategies for radiation intense environments, it is relevant to distinguish between detrimental and beneficial defect structures. Gadolinium-barium-copper-oxide based samples irradiated with the full TRIGA Mark II fission reactor spectrum accumulate a high density of point-like defects and small clusters due to n - γ capture reactions of gadolinium. This leads to a 14–15 times stronger degradation of the critical temperature compared to samples shielded from slow neutrons. At the same time both irradiation techniques lead to the same degradation behavior of the critical current density as function of the transition temperature

J

c

(

T

c

)

. Furthermore, annealing the degraded samples displayed the same

T

c

recovery rates, indicating the universality of the defects responsible for the degradation. Since the primary knock on atom of the n - γ reaction as well as the recoil energy is known, we used molecular dynamics simulations to calculate which defects are formed in the neutron capture process and density functional theory to assess their influence on the local density of states. The defects found in the simulation were mainly single defects as well as clusters consisting of Oxygen Frenkel pairs, however, more complex defects such as Gd

C
u

antisites occurred as well.
Noise scaling in SQUID arrays
Authors: Nieves O A , Müller K-H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We numerically investigate the noise scaling in high-Tc
commensurate 1D and 2D SQUID arrays. We show that the voltage noise spectral density in 1D arrays violates the scaling rule of

∼

1

/

N
p

for the number Np
of Josephson junctions in parallel. In contrast, in 2D arrays with Ns
1D arrays in series, the voltage noise spectral density follows more closely the expected scaling behaviour of

∼

N
s

/

N
p

. Additionally, we reveal how the flux and magnetic field rms noise spectral densities deviate from their expected

∼

(

N
s

N
p

)

−
1

/

2

scaling and discuss their implications for designing low noise magnetometers.
Evaluating the risk of malaria transmission within the Central African Republic with the goal of stabilising and eliminating the infection
Authors: Shalini Priya S , Ganesan K , Uma Maheshwari P , Aakash M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we formulate a multi-compartmental mathematical model for humans and mosquitoes. We construct the system of differential equations for an SEITVR for the human compartment and an SEI for the mosquito compartment. We investigate the outbreak of malaria and its effect on the Central African Republic. The analysis of the compartmental model is carried out using stability analysis and Routh Hurwitz Criterion technique is used to indicate the major impact of the model and to improve the model through minor modifications in the transformation of disease in the population. Our model exhibits two equilibrium points, disease free equilibrium points and endemic equilibrium points. The next generation matrix is used to determine the basic reproduction number R
0. A new compartmental model was framed and estimated the malaria spread after 2023 in the Central African Republic, which is the novelty of this research. Our main motivation is to make the Central African Republic a malaria free country. A Numerical example are provided to validate our results for both the disease free state and endemic state of each model. We believe that this investigation will be more effective in reducing malaria infection and stop spreading.
Polycyclic aromatic compounds surface modulation of TiO2@SiO2 nanoparticles enhances the insulation performance of polypropylene film
Authors: Xie Jun , Liu Ziqian , Liu Qi , Shi Xiaoyu , Xie Qing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) film is an important component of metallized film capacitors. However, the insulation issues of polypropylene film significantly affect the safe and stable operation of capacitors. In this study, polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) were introduced to the surface of TiO2@SiO2 nanoparticles via chemical grafting, preparing Ti@Si-PAC nanofillers, to achieve modulation of the nanoparticle/PP interface. The experimental and simulation results indicate that Ti@Si-PAC/PP exhibits excellent insulation performance. The study indicates that the surface modulation of nanoparticles by PAC introduces a ‘soft interface’ between the nanoparticles and the polypropylene matrix. The ‘soft interface’ enhances the interfacial interaction, reduces dielectric loss, and introduces deep traps, exhibiting a significant inhibitory effect on carrier migration. Additionally, the introduction of PAC enhances the electron trapping capability in the interface region, which plays a positive role in quenching free radical chain reactions and reducing the damage of high-energy electrons to polypropylene molecular segments. This study provides an effective method for enhancing the insulation performance of polypropylene.
Ripple-induced neoclassical toroidal viscous torque in Augmented-First Plasma operation phase in ITER
Authors: Liu Yueqiang , Bai Xue , Gribov Y. , Koechl F. , Loarte A. , Pinches S.D. , Schmitz L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A systematic calculation is performed on the ripple-induced neoclassical toroidal viscous (NTV) torque for new ITER scenarios designed for the Augmented-First Plasma (A-FP) operation phase with the full tungsten wall, where the plasma-wall gap is varied in view of mitigating the impact of tungsten wall-plasma interactions. The torque calculation includes drift kinetic response of the plasma thermal and energetic particles to the n = 18 (n is the toroidal harmonic number) ripple field. For the plasma scenario with ~45 cm plasma-wall gap at the outboard mid-plane and considering the corrected ripple level of 0.17% by the ferritic steel inserts, the computed net NTV torque acting on the plasma column is in the sub-Nm level. However, with decreasing the plasma-wall gap, the computed net NTV torque can reach a level comparable to that produced by the neutral-beam momentum injection in ITER. Ripple correction by ferritic inserts reduces the net torque by a factor of 3.3 for all the three A-FP scenarios considered. The

n

ω
d

=
l

ω
b

(with ω

d
and ω

b
being the toroidal precession and bounce frequencies of trapped particles, respectively, and l an integer number) type of resonance-enhancement of the NTV torque, due to thermal particles, is found to be weak in ITER despite high-n of 18. The same also holds for the ITER 10 MA steady state scenario from the D-T operation phase, where the aforementioned resonance associated with fusion-born alphas is also included. The ripple-induced NTV torque is well below that produced by the resonant magnetic perturbation applied for controlling the type-I edge-localized mode in ITER.
Study on the effect of thiol structure on the properties of thiol-ene system
Authors: Yue Jiarui , Chen Chuanxin , Zhang Ling , Nie Jun , Zhu Xiaoqun , Cheng Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Using Pentaerythritol tetra (3-mercapto propionate) as primary thiol and Pentaerythritol tetra (3-mercapto butylate) as secondary thiol, the effect of thiol structure on the properties of the thiol-ene system were investigated. The results show that for the triallyl isocyanurate system, the thiol structure had little effect on the glass transition temperature, but for the tri (1, 2-propylene glycol) diacrylate and divinylbenzene system, the secondary thiol systems showed a higher glass transition temperature. In terms of optical properties and anti-swelling, the primary thiol system showed better performance.
Comparison of contact time dependence of adhesion force between silica/DLC and silica/graphene interfaces by AFM at different humidities
Authors: Wang Runsheng , Lai Tianmao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Understanding adhesion mechanisms is one way to address failures in micro-nano devices. In this paper, the adhesion forces of diamond-like carbon film (DLC) and graphene were measured, and the differences between them were compared. The results show that the adhesion forces on the DLC are dependent on the contact time, but this dependence is disrupted by repeated contacts. The impact of repeated contacts is inevitable. With the increase of repeated contacts, the size of the liquid bridge was changed, and the time to reach saturation became shorter. Finally, at low relative humidity (RH), the adhesion behaviors become independent. In contrast, the adhesion forces of graphene had no contact time dependence under each RH. The adhesion forces remained stable at low and medium RH, and the influence of repeated contacts was weak. At high RH, a sudden increase in adhesion forces caused by repeated contacts can be observed. The adhesion behaviors under different RHs are attributed to the size change of the liquid bridge. The results help people understand the adhesion mechanisms and provide some help in solving the failure problem of micro-nano devices.