bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of quitline services on tobacco cessation: an application of modern epidemiologic methods
Authors: Sedani Ami E , Frank-Pearce Summer G , Chen Sixia , Peck Jennifer D , Campbell Janis E , Chou Ann F , Beebe Laura A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the effectiveness of quitline service intensity (high vs low) on past 30-day tobacco abstinence at 7-months’ follow-up, using observational data from the Oklahoma Tobacco Helpline (OTH) between April 2020 and December 2021. To assess the impact of loss to follow-up and nonrandom treatment assignment, we fit the parameters of a marginal structural model to estimate inverse probability weights for censoring (IPCW), treatment (IPTW), and combined (IPCTW). The risk ratio (RR) was estimated using modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimator. Of the 4695 individuals included in the study, 64% received high-intensity cessation services, and 53% were lost to follow-up. Using the conventional complete case analysis (responders only), high-intensity cessation services were associated with abstinence (RR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04-1.34). The effect estimate was attenuated after accounting for censoring (RR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.00-1.30). After adjusting for both baseline confounding and selection bias via IPTCW, high-intensity cessation services were associated with 1.23 times (95% CI, 1.08-1.41) the probability of abstinence compared to low-intensity services. Despite relatively high loss to follow-up, accounting for selection bias and confounding did not notably impact quit rates or the relationship between intensity of quitline services and tobacco cessation among OTH participants.
Ovarian Cancer Risk Prediction – a Clinical Epidemiology Perspective
Authors: Wentzensen Nicolas , Ring Kari , Erickson Britt K , Reid Brett , O’Donnell Thomas , Check David , Tworoger Shelley S , Choudhury Parichoy Pal 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a rare and highly heterogeneous disease usually detected at late stages when outcomes are poor. Population-based screening approaches have not been successful at reducing ovarian cancer mortality, but preventive bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is highly effective at preventing ovarian cancer in high-risk populations. Ovarian cancer risk prediction models may allow identification of populations at increased risk of ovarian cancer for preventive interventions or targeted early detection. We propose a life-course approach to ovarian cancer risk prediction based on the time at which a risk model should be applied and the risk factors that are available. The discriminative ability of ovarian cancer risk prediction models published so far is limited, with areas under the curve ranging from 0.58-0.65 for different combinations of risk factors and genetic susceptibility markers. Currently proposed absolute risk thresholds for preventive surgery are around 4% lifetime risk. The absolute risk predicted by ovarian cancer risk models ranges from 0.6-2.5% lifetime risk in the general population, highlighting the need to improve ovarian cancer risk prediction models and evaluating new preventive approaches that can be offered to individuals at lower risk.
Difference in precocious puberty between pre–COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods: a meta-analysis
Authors: Nguyen Nam Nhat , Do Tri Dang , Truong Hieu Hong , Mai Anh Nam , Chen Yang-Ching 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the trend of precocious puberty (PP) incidence after the COVID-19 outbreak and explore potential contributing factors, such as age at presentation and body mass index (BMI) SD score (SDS). Children visiting pediatric endocrinology clinics for the first time for suspected PP were included. We searched databases until February 28, 2023, for studies reporting various indicators of PP incidence before and during the pandemic. Total numbers of events and observations were recorded. A meta-analysis was performed to compare the odds of PP, BMI SDS, and age at presentation between the 2 periods. The dose-response relationships between time points (by number of years away from the pandemic) and PP risk were explored. In summary, a total of 32 studies including 24 200 participants were recruited. The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with the increasing odds of PP among children referred for a suspicious condition (odds ratio = 1.96; 95% CI, 1.56-2.47; I 2 = 54%; P &lt; .001). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings. The BMI SDS did not vary between the 2 periods, whereas age at presentation was lower after the pandemic. Precocious puberty incidence increased more rapidly during the pandemic period than during the prepandemic period. Trial registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; identifier: CRD42023402212)
Prevalence of work hour alcohol use and associated factors among psychiatrists in China
Authors: Jiang Licong , McCord Elizabeth , Liu Huanzhong , Liu Yuanli , Jiang Feng , Tang Yi-Lang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Since 2012, work-hour alcohol use (WHAU) has been prohibited in China. However, there is a lack of national data on WHAU among healthcare workers, including psychiatrists.

Methods
We collected data from psychiatrists in 41 tertiary psychiatric hospitals using an online questionnaire, which included demographics, work-related factors, WHAU, and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C).

Results
Out of 2911 psychiatrists who completed the survey, 4.29% reported having heard (3.13%) or witnessed (1.17%) WHAU among colleagues, and .51% (95% CI: .26%–.78%) admitted to their own WHAU. Most participants (95.57%) reported awareness of the policy against WHAU. Poisson regression demonstrated the unawareness of WHAU policy (incidence-rate ratios [IRR] 11.08; 95% CI: 3.56–34.52; P &lt; .001), lower income (IRR .87; 95% CI: .79–0.96; P = .008), and higher AUDIT-C scores (IRR 1.48; 95% CI: 1.22–1.80; P &lt; .001) were significantly associated with WHAU occurrences.

Conclusions
The survey indicates that WHAU among psychiatrists is more prevalent than expected, correlating with insufficient awareness of hospital policies. This suggests a need for targeted educational interventions.
Lip Augmentation With Saypha LIPS Lidocaine: A Postmarket, Prospective, Open-Label, Randomized Clinical Study To Evaluate Its Efficacy and Short- and Long-term Safety
Authors: Müller Daniel S , Grablowitz Doris , Krames-Juerss Alice , Worseg Artur 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Versatility, biocompatibility, and reversibility make hyaluronic acid fillers the backbone of minimally invasive lip augmentation procedures.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and short- and long-term safety of Saypha LIPS Lidocaine (Croma Pharma, Leobendorf, Austria) for lip augmentation to correct moderate to severe lip volume deficiency (grade 1-3 lip fullness score [LFS]).

Methods
In this postmarket, prospective, open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical study, 114 patients were initially treated (with optional touch-up treatment at Week 3). Retrograde and bolus techniques were employed with defined needles or cannula. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the proportion of patients with lip volume improvement of LFS ≥ 1 grade vs baseline at Week 6 (ie, responders); with follow-up (FU) for secondary effectiveness at Months 6, 12, and 18. Evaluation scores included the LFS, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (investigator and patient), patient satisfaction questionnaire FACE-Q, and a numerical pain rating scale.

Results
At Week 6, &gt;90% of the patients were responders (lower-lip: 95% CI, 92.24-99.43, P = .0071; upper-lip: 95% CI, 90.95-99.00, P = .0234), with post hoc analyses showing the outcome was influenced by the initial volume deficiency and total volume injected, but not by touch-up treatment. At Month 6, 90% of the patients were responders; at Month 12, 70%; and at Month 18, &gt;40% still had a visible effect. Adverse events were mostly procedural, mild, and temporary. Pain perception was significantly reduced 15 minutes after the procedure. Aesthetic improvement and patient satisfaction were rated as high at all time points.

Conclusions
Saypha LIPS Lidocaine for lip augmentation showed long-term aesthetic improvement and safety.

Level of Evidence: 2
Modern Slavery, Victim Identification and the ‘Victimized State’
Authors: Findlay Joshua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Resistance to entering the UK government’s modern slavery victim identification mechanism is widespread and part of normal practices of state evasion that shape the lives of large numbers of insufficiently documented people. This article provides evidence of the role practitioners play in producing referrals into that mechanism in spite of such resistance and in spite of the harms caused by the identification mechanism itself, which is integrated into the immigration system. Though referrals are driven by practitioners, those entering the mechanism are said to be ‘abusing’ the system. This dynamic is considered in relation to a common trend of the liberal state, in which state practices are externalized onto others, while it claims to itself be the victim of violence.
Cortical plasticity in AQP4-positive NMOSD: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study
Authors: Cruciani Alessandro , Capone Fioravante , Haggiag Shalom , Prosperini Luca , Santoro Francesca , Ruggieri Serena , Motolese Francesco , Pilato Fabio , Musumeci Gabriella , Pozzilli Valeria , Rossi Mariagrazia , Stampanoni Bassi Mario , Buttari Fabio , Centonze Diego , Di Lazzaro Vincenzo , Gasperini Claudio , Tortorella Carla 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by suboptimal recovery from attacks and long-term disability. Experimental data suggest that AQP4 antibodies can disrupt neuroplasticity, a fundamental driver of brain recovery. A well-established method to assess brain LTP is through intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS). This study aimed to explore neuroplasticity in AQP4-NMOSD patients by examining long-term potentiation (LTP) through iTBS. We conducted a proof-of-principle study including 8 patients with AQP4-NMOSD, 8 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and 8 healthy controls (HC) in which iTBS was administered to induce LTP-like effects. iTBS-induced LTP exhibited significant differences among the 3 groups (p: 0.006). Notably, AQP4-NMOSD patients demonstrated impaired plasticity compared to both HC (p = 0.01) and pwMS (p = 0.02). This pilot study provides the first in vivo evidence supporting impaired neuroplasticity in AQP4-NMOSD patients. Impaired cortical plasticity may hinder recovery following attacks suggesting a need for targeted rehabilitation strategies.
Parallel sequencing of 170 STR and 132 SNP markers using the FGID forensic four-in-one DNA typing kit on the DNBSEQ-G99RS platform
Authors: Zhen Xiaoyuan , Zhao Zhenmin , Xia Ruocheng , Liu Xiling , Li Hui , Gao Yuzhen , He Baifang , Li Chengtao , Tao Ruiyang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) has rapidly emerged as a promising technique for forensic DNA typing due to its capacity to simultaneously detect numerous genetic markers and samples in a single reaction, allowing the direct acquisition of sequence information. In this current investigation, the FGID Forensic Four-in-One DNA Typing Kit was employed on the DNBSEQ-G99RS high-throughput sequencing platform to simultaneously analyze two types of forensic genetic markers—short tandem repeat (STR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). A total of 306 DNA markers, comprising Amelogenin, 66 autosomal STR (A-STR) loci, 29 X chromosomal STR (X-STR) loci, 75 Y chromosomal STR (Y-STR) loci, and 135 SNP (132 A-SNP and 3 Y-SNP) loci, were genotyped for 100 unrelated individual samples (50 males and 50 females). As a result, sequence-based STR typing identified 940 alleles on A-STRs, 378 alleles on X-STRs, and 519 alleles on Y-STRs. In comparison to length-based alleles, the number of unique alleles based on sequence increased by 58.18%. Additionally, 97 new sequence variations were observed at 29 STR loci, and MPS sequence information was obtained for the first time at 42 STR loci. Furthermore, when utilizing sequence-based data, forensic parameters exhibited a notable increase in combined power of discrimination (CPD) and combined power of exclusion (CPE) for A-STR, a slight increase in CPD and combined mean exclusion chance (MEC) for X-STR, and a marginal increase in discrimination capacity (DC) for Y-STR. Moreover, information data for 132 A-SNPs were acquired. As anticipated, our findings highlight the advantages of MPS in forensic genetic applications while contributing novel genetic data for Asian populations in forensic practice.
Gender-responsive monitoring and evaluation for health systems
Authors: Morgan Rosemary , Kalbarczyk Anna , Decker Michele , Elnakib Shatha , Igusa Tak , Luo Amy , Oladimeji Ayoyemi Toheeb , Nakatabira Milly , Peters David H , Prihartono Indira , Malhotra Anju 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Gender-responsive monitoring and evaluation (M&E) for health and health systems interventions and programs is vital to improve health, health systems, and gender equality outcomes. It can be used to identify and address gender disparities in program participation, outcomes and benefits, as well as ensure that programs are designed and implemented in a way that is inclusive and accessible for all. While gender-responsive M&E is most effective when interventions and programs intentionally integrate a gender lens, it is relevant for all health systems programs and interventions. Within the literature, gender-responsive M&E is defined in different and diverse ways, making it difficult to operationalize. This is compounded by the complexity and multi-faceted nature of gender. Within this methodological musing, we present our evolving approach to gender-responsive M&E which we are operationalizing within the Monitoring for Gender and Equity project. We define gender-responsive M&E as intentionally integrating the needs, rights, preferences of, and power relations among, women and girls, men and boys, and gender minority individuals, as well as across social, political, economic, and health systems in M&E processes. This is done through the integration of different types of gender data and indicators, including: sex- or gender-specific, sex- or gender-disaggregated, sex- or gender-specific/disaggregated which incorporate needs, rights and preferences, and gender power relations and systems indicators. Examples of each of these are included within the paper. Active approaches can also enhance the gender-responsiveness of any M&E activities, including incorporating an intersectional lens and tailoring the types of data and indicators included and processes used to the specific context. Incorporating gender into the programmatic cycle, including M&E, can lead to more fit-for-purpose, effective and equitable programs and interventions. The framework presented in this paper provides an outline of how to do this, enabling the uptake of gender-responsive M&E.
Human rights and corruption: Problems and potential of individualizing a systemic problem
Authors: Peters Anne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article examines the advantages and challenges of a deliberate legal-political strategy that addresses corruption at an individual, rather than systemic, level. Empirical research has highlighted the correlations between the extent and nature of corruption and the level of human rights enjoyment. In response to these observations, anti-corruption and human rights policy agendas have been converging at the international and regional levels. However, framing corruption as a human rights violation that incurs international state responsibility poses conceptual difficulties. Additionally, the risks and benefits of this convergence need to be assessed. This article concludes that the human rights approach provides significant added value, outweighing its limitations. Yet, it remains an open question whether human rights are the appropriate normative framework for denouncing and combating corruption. The article suggests that the human rights perspective, by opening up new avenues for monitoring and litigation, effectively supplements the criminal law approach. It argues for a more balanced integration of corruption concerns within human rights frameworks, with equal emphasis on human rights considerations in all anti-corruption monitoring schemes. Such integration would likely foster a positive feedback loop, where anti-corruption efforts enhance human rights conditions, while certain human rights facilitate the fight against corruption.
Deletion of BTB and CNC Homology 1 Protects Against Staphylococcus aureus–Induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Sun Jiaojiao , Liu Dapeng , Jin Sihao , Li Xiaolin , Liu Gang , Li Shengpeng , Chen Fan , Qin Xiaoyun , Zhang Yanli , Jiang Fengjuan , Chen Dan , Pang Qingfeng , Hu Chunxiao , Wu Yaxian , Wang Zhiqiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by gram-negative bacteria. However, its exact mechanisms in Staphylococcus aureus (SA)-induced ALI, a gram-positive bacterial infection, remain incompletely understood. In this study, we generated a BACH1-knockout mouse model (BACH1−/−) to investigate the role of BACH1 and its underlying mechanisms in regulating the development of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Elevated levels of BACH1 were observed in both serum samples from septic patients and mouse models. Deletion of BACH1 alleviated ALI symptoms induced by sepsis. In bone marrow-derived macrophages, BACH1 deletion or knockdown suppressed NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that BACH1 downregulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) mRNA expression by binding to its promoter region. These findings uncover inhibiting BACH1 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating gram-positive bacteria-induced ALI
Efficacy and Safety of Pimodivir Combined With Standard of Care in Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized High-Risk Adolescents and Adults With Influenza A Infection
Authors: Leopold Lorant , Vingerhoets Johan , Deleu Sofie , Nalpas Catherine , Weber Karin , van Dromme Ilse , Lowson David , Michiels Bart , van Duijnhoven Wilbert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
An unmet need exists for effective antivirals to treat patients hospitalized with influenza. The results of 2 phase 3 studies that evaluated the efficacy and safety of pimodivir in combination with investigator-chosen standard of care (SoC) treatment are presented.

Methods
Hospitalized patients (hospital study; NCT03376321) and high-risk outpatients (outpatient study; NCT03381196) with laboratory-confirmed influenza A infection were randomized 1:1 to 600 mg pimodivir twice daily + SoC or placebo twice daily + SoC for 5 days. For most patients, SoC included oseltamivir. Primary end points were Hospital Recovery Scale (HRS) at day 6 (hospital study) and median time to resolution (TTR) of influenza-related symptoms (outpatient study).

Results
Pimodivir + SoC (oseltamivir) treatment showed no clinical benefit over placebo + SoC on HRS at day 6 (common odds ratio, 0.943; 95% confidence interval [CI], .609–1.462; P = .397; hospital study). A shorter median TTR of 7 symptoms was estimated with pimodivir + SoC versus placebo (92.6 hours; 95% CI, 77.6–104.2 vs 105.1 hours; 95% CI, 92.7–128.6; P = .0216; outpatient study).

Conclusions
Pimodivir + SoC showed no additional clinical benefit versus SoC treatment alone in hospitalized patients. Pimodivir + SoC demonstrated shorter TTR of influenza symptoms versus placebo + SoC in high-risk outpatients.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT03376321 and NCT03381196.
Communicating research findings as a return of value to All of Us Research Program participants: insights from staff at Federally Qualified Health Centers
Authors: Smith Kathryn P , Holmes Jenn , Shelley Jennifer 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Research participants value learning how their data contributions are advancing health research (ie, data stories). The All of Us Research Program gathered insights from program staff to learn what research topics they think are of interest to participants, what support staff need to communicate data stories, and how staff use data story dissemination tools.

Materials and Methods
Using an online 25-item assessment, we collected information from All of Us staff at 7 Federally Qualified Health Centers.

Results
Topics of greatest interest or relevance included income insecurity (83%), diabetes (78%), and mental health (78%). Respondents prioritized in-person outreach in the community (70%) as a preferred setting to share data stories. Familiarity with available dissemination tools varied.

Discussion
Responses support prioritizing materials for in-person outreach and training staff how to use dissemination tools.

Conclusion
The findings will inform All of Us communication strategy, content, materials, and staff training resources to effectively deliver data stories as return of value to participants.
Protecting Everyday Nature
Authors: Layard Antonia , Marshall Adam , de Vito Laura , Few Roger , Hatzisavvidou Sophia , Mabon Leslie , Selomane Odirilwe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
‘Everyday nature’, understood as people’s ability to access nature nearby, should be protected in law and planning policy, facilitating three key benefits: (1) human health and wellbeing; (2) intrinsic and extrinsic ecological advantages; and (3) supporting the UK’s 30by30 nature conservation commitment. Yet there are three obstacles to the protection of everyday nature: (1) the prioritisation of ‘special’ and ‘priority’ nature conservation habitats; (2) the lack of protection for Local Wildlife Sites; as well as (3) counter-intuitively, the rise of biodiversity as a preferred governing concept. Addressing these obstacles, the paper develops the concept of everyday nature, making four proposals for change: (1) improved conceptual analysis; (2) confirming current policy on Local Wildlife Sites; (3) implementing the concept of everyday nature in legislation and planning policy; and (4) implementing the Government’s target that everyone lives within a 15-minute walk from a green or blue space.
Post laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy portal vein thrombosis with venous mesenteric ischemia: a case report with literature review
Authors: Al Wadaani Hamid Abdulla , Al Omar Sarah , AlRaihan Jawaher , Alnajjar Jawad S , Elserougi Mohamed , Al Jabran Hussain 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Saudi Arabia’s obesity prevalence is 19.2% among men and 21.4% among women. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, medication, and bariatric surgery. Procedures reach up to 1200 annually in our center. Porto-mesenteric venous thrombosis associated with venous mesenteric ischemia and bowel necrosis is a rare complication that necessitates an early workup and management. A 29-year-old Saudi male underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Post-surgery, he experienced abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, exacerbated by eating and smoking. Abdomen computed tomography scans revealed engorged portal veins, congested mesenteric veins, and small bowel thickening. He underwent exploratory laparoscopy shifted to laparotomy with resection of an infarcted omentum and 1 m of jejunal small bowel loop, and was discharged postoperatively after 7 days. Porto-mesenteric venous thrombosis is a rare complication after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, requiring early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Patients present with non-specific symptoms, necessitating high suspicion for computed tomography recommendations.