bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scientific Writing Seminar for Early-Stage Investigators in Substance Abuse Research
Authors: Guydish Joseph , Masson Carmen , Flentje Annesa , Shopshire Michael , Sorensen James L. 
Published: April 2015

Background There is little information on how to increase the scientific writing productivity of early-stage investigators in the addictions field. A scientific writing seminar is presented in this article, aiming to encourage manuscript writing and dissemination of addiction research, and outcomes are reported for 14 years of the seminar. Methods In 14 years, there were 113 postdoctoral fellow enrollments in a 6-month writing seminar. Records of submission and publication rates of manuscripts were collected for 14 cohorts. Results Of the 113 participant enrollments, 97 (86%) submitted a manuscript for publication, and 87 participants (77%) published their manuscript. Conclusions A scientific writing seminar may benefit writing productivity, but more research is needed to compare this training model with other existing models.
The Emergence of the Subprime Market
Authors: Engel Kathleen C. , McCoy Patricia A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This chapter traces the emergence of subprime lending. Starting from the home mortgage market in the 1970s, when mortgage lending was the sleepy province of community thrifts and banks; it moves on to the first iteration of subprime lending—coined predatory lending—in the 1990s; all that way to the early 2000s when the subprime industry began moving from the fringe to the mainstream as commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, insurance companies, and other financial giants realized the profits that could be made. The chapter also discusses why brokers and loan officers wanted to rip-off their customers with high-cost products, and why borrowers agreed to ridiculously expensive subprime loans.
Aftermath
Authors: Engel Kathleen C. , McCoy Patricia A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This chapter describes efforts in 2009, under the new Obama administration, to deal with the effects of the subprime crisis. These include the passage of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, a $787 billion economic stimulus package; passage of the Credit Card Accountability, Responsibility, and Disclosure Act of 2009 in May to rein in the worst practices of credit card companies and clean up disclosures; stepped-up loan modifications; stabilization of the banking system; and long-term financial reforms. The chapter also details the emergence of “foreclosure rescue” companies who sought to exploit people behind on their mortgage payments; and the resurgence of Federal Housing Administration (FHA)-insured loans.
Consumer Protection
Authors: Engel Kathleen C. , McCoy Patricia A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The subprime crisis showed that federal banking regulators cannot be relied on to put consumer safety over the interests of regulated banks. This chapter evaluates whether the Dodd-Frank Act achieves the goals that are critical to consumer protection. The Dodd-Frank Act transfers most of the responsibility for consumer financial protection from federal banking regulators to a new, dedicated agency called the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). The Act empowers the CFPB to establish rules for many aspects of mortgage lending. It also allows the states to protect consumers over and above the standards set by federal law. The chapter argues that although the Dodd-Frank takes bold steps toward protecting consumers, with the ultimate effect of reducing the threat of systemic risk, the consumer protection reforms do not eliminate that threat altogether.
Introduction
Authors: Kivivuori Janne 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This book charts the scientific, cultural, and political origins of the self-report delinquency survey as a modern method of discovering hidden crime and examines it in the context of criminal policy. It looks at the birth of the self-report delinquency survey within a distinct moral framework that was developed to show that crime was very prevalent and, therefore, normal. By asking people directly about the crimes they have committed, criminologists challenge the domination of psychiatrists and psychologists in the study of crime and the punitive attitudes of society more generally. As a result, they expose the so-called white collar offenders and remind people that crime is something that could also be found among the middle and upper classes. The huge prevalence of anonymous crime confessions solicited in the self-report surveys is consistent with Michel Foucault's epochal theory. This book offers important insights into how criminology has evolved and continues to advance in light of facts and policy goals.
Key Concepts
Authors: Kivivuori Janne 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This chapter discusses the key concepts underlying the self-report delinquency survey as a modern method of discovering hidden crime. It begins with an overview of the context of discovery and justification before turning to a discussion of evaluative-descriptive terms that are used in the rhetorical redescription of behavioural forms as part of the self-report crime survey. It then considers the concept of normalisation, that is, the scholarly attempt to redescribe previously condemned behaviours as normal. It also examines the neutralisation theory of criminology developed by Gresham Sykes and David Matza, who argue that the ‘innovating ideologists’ are the offenders themselves. Finally, the chapter focuses on the rhetorical redescription of criminal activity as a form of public criminology that seeks to influence the way people see crime and criminals.
Concluding Discussion
Authors: Kivivuori Janne 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This concluding chapter discusses the moral motives and ideals underlying hidden crime research. It first considers the policy struggle triggered by the self-report delinquency survey as a modern method of discovering hidden crime, with particular emphasis on issues relating to humane criminal policy and sociology. It then turns to the internal logic of the discovery of hidden crime, along with the social preconditions that had to be met before the crime survey concept could proliferate. It also examines the change in how social regulation functions and the shift in focus from the abnormality of crime to flexible normalisation. Finally, the chapter explores the hidden crime survey in relation to populism and whether self-report surveys can increase crime, citing three research programmes that imply a causal link between high prevalence announcement and offending behaviour: neutralisation theory, pluralistic ignorance, and basic social influence.
Copper coin-embedded printed circuit board for heat dissipation: manufacture, thermal simulation and reliability
Authors: Chen Yuanming , Wang Shouxu , He Xuemei , He Wei , Silberschmidt Vadim V. , Tan Ze 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to form copper coin-embedded printed circuit board (PCB) for high heat dissipation.

Design/methodology/approach
– Manufacturing optimization of copper coin-embedded PCB involved in the design and treatment of copper coin, resin flush removal and flatness control. Thermal simulation was used to investigate the effect of copper coin on heat dissipation of PCB products. Lead-free reflow soldering and thrust tests were used to characterize the reliable performance of copper coin-embedded PCB.

Findings
– The copper coin-embedded PCB had good agreement with resin flush removal and flatness control. Thermal simulation results indicated that copper coin could significantly enhance the heat-dissipation rate by means of a direct contact with the high-power integrated circuit chip. The copper coin-embedded PCB exhibited a reliable structure capable of withstanding high-temperature reflow soldering and high thrust testing.

Originality/value
– The use of a copper coin-embedded PCB could lead to higher heat dissipation for the stable performance of high-power electronic components. The copper coin-embedded method could have important potential for improving the design for heat dissipation in the PCB industry.
We rule the world: an emerging global class fraction?
Authors: Murray Georgina 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate who rules the world. The hypothesis is that it is the 0.1 per cent of owners and controllers of capital.Design/methodology/approach– This study used secondary sources including the Bureau Van Dyk and The World Top Incomes database to look at distributions of income and wealth (stock ownership). This is supplemented with a secondary source analysis and with some interviews.Findings– The top point one per centers, the wealthy, those on the top incomes and transnational capitalist class are all distinct but overlapping categories that describe the (white) men and (few) women who hold power through their ownership and/or control of capital and who are thereby directly or indirectly able to act hegemonically on an emerging global basis.Research limitations/implications– Theorists of the global school of capitalism Alveredoet al., 2013 argue that there has been a qualitatively new twenty-first century transnational capitalism in the process of emerging (see Robinson, 2012a). This paper tests this assumption and relates it to the work by Hamm 2010.Social implications– The flip side of this progressively widening concentration of income and wealth into fewer (0.1 per cent) hands brings new lows to the polarisation of class, exploitation and domination. All of these have intensified since the 1980s with the end of the Keynesian Compromise. This north/south accentuated division has implications for social justice.Originality/value– This seeks to identify empirical evidence to support the theory of an emerging transnational capitalist class.
Leading or managing? Assistant Regional Directors, School Performance, in Queensland
Authors: Bloxham Ray , Ehrich Lisa C. , Iyer Radha 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– Education reform aimed at achieving improved student learning is a demanding challenge for leaders and managers at all levels of education across the globe. In 2010, the position of Assistant Regional Directors, School Performance (ARD-SP), was established to positively impact upon student learning across public schools in Queensland, Australia. The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of the role and leadership understandings of ARDs in Queensland in order to understand more fully the tensions and opportunities they face within this reasonably newly created position.Design/methodology/approach– This qualitative study is based on interviews with 18 ARDs and two of their supervisors to gauge a better understanding of the nature of the role as it relates to leadership and management in the Queensland context.Findings– Interview data revealed three key themes pertaining to the nature of the role and these were performance, supervision, and professional challenges. A key finding was that the notion of supervision was experienced as problematic for ARDs-SP.Research limitations/implications– This study has limitations and these include a sample that focused on ARDs within one State of Australia and one schooling system (i.e. public education); and interviews were the primary data collection source.Originality/value– Although there have been studies of supervisors of principals (referred to as superintendents, directors) in other countries and other systems, this study is a first to explore the tensions and opportunities faced by executive leaders in Queensland.
Ineffective brand extensions and the Sisyphus Effect
Authors: Zheng Chundong , Ma Ke , Duan Qi , Wang Han 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to extend previously reported research on the Sisyphus Effect in consumers’ decision making to consumers classified as either maximizers or satisficers. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the Sisyphus Effect influences consumer behavior related to purchasing brand-extension products and explore factors that influence the Sisyphus Effect in brand extension.Design/methodology/approach– A survey was administered to participants in three studies. A convenience sample consisting of 875 participants was asked to complete the questionnaires. The authors assessed whether the participants were maximizers or satisficers. In addition, the participants were given information on brand-extension products that differed in the level of involvement and price and were asked whether they would purchase them.Findings– Using regression analysis, the authors found that consumers’ willingness to purchase extended products became weaker as maximization tendencies became stronger. In addition, purchase involvement was confirmed as a situational factor that can increase maximization tendencies even in individuals who do not maximize as a default strategy. Finally, for low-involvement extended products, the authors found that product price played a moderating role in the negatively correlated relationship between maximization tendency and willingness to purchase a product.Originality/value– This study suggests avenues to increase the effectiveness of a brand-extension strategy and illustrates some tactics that are not likely to be successful.
Pain reduction after total laparoscopic hysterectomy and laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy among women with dysmenorrhoea: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Berner E , Qvigstad E , Myrvold AK , Lieng M 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of total laparoscopic hysterectomy compared with laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy for alleviating dysmenorrhoea.DesignRandomised blinded controlled trial.SettingNorwegian university teaching hospital.SampleSixty‐two women with dysmenorrhoea.MethodsParticipants randomised to either total laparoscopic hysterectomy (n = 31) or laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (n = 31).Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure, measured 12 months after intervention, was reduction of cyclic pelvic pain (visual analogue scale, 0–10). Secondary outcome measures included patient satisfaction (visual analogue scale, 0–10) and quality of life (Short Form 36, 0–100).ResultsThe groups were comparable at baseline. There was no difference in self‐reported dysmenorrhoea at 12 months (mean 0.8 [SD 1.6] versus 0.8 [SD 2.0], P = 0.94). There was no difference in patient satisfaction (mean 9.3 [SD 1.5] versus 9.1 [SD 1.2], P = 0.66) or quality of life (mean 81.6 [SD 17.8] versus 80.2 [SD 18.0], P = 0.69).ConclusionImprovement in dysmenorrhoea and quality of life as well as patient satisfaction were comparable in the medium term when comparing total laparoscopic hysterectomy with laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy.
Identifying differentially expressed genes under heat stress and developing molecular markers in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) through transcriptome analysis
Authors: Huang L. K. , Yan H. D. , Zhao X. X. , Zhang X. Q. , Wang J. , Frazier T. , Yin G. , Huang X. , Yan D. F. , Zang W. J. , Ma X. , Peng Y. , Yan Y. H. , Liu W. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractOrchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a long‐lived, cool‐season forage grass that is commonly used for hay production. Despite its economic importance, orchardgrass genome remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we used Illumina RNA sequencing to identify gene‐associated molecular markers, including simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as well as heat stress‐induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in two orchardgrass genotypes, ‘Baoxing’ (heat resistant) and ‘01998’ (heat susceptible). Approximately 163 million high‐quality trimmed reads were generated from 207 million raw reads using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. A total of 126 846 unigenes were obtained after de novo assembly of the trimmed reads, and 40 078 unigenes were identified as coding sequences (CDSs). Based on the assembled unigenes, 669 300 high‐quality SNPs, including 416 099 transitions and 257 736 transversions, were contained in 75 875 unigenes. In addition, a total of 8475 microsatellites were detected in 7764 unigenes. When placed under heat stress, the total number of DEGs in ‘Baoxing’ (3527) was higher than in ‘01998’ (2649), indicating that in comparison with heat‐susceptible ‘01998’, heat‐resistant ‘Baoxing’ seems to have more unigenes that respond to heat stress. The high‐throughput transcriptome sequencing of orchardgrass under heat stress provides useful information for gene identification and for the development of SNP and SSR molecular markers. The comparison of DEGs under different periods of heat stress allowed us to identify a wealth of candidate DEGs that can be further analysed in order to determine the genetic mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in orchardgrass.
Differentiated regulation: the case of charities
Authors: Cordery Carolyn J. , Sim Dalice , van Zijl Tony 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe increasing number and influence of charities in the economy, evidence of mismanagement and the need for information for policymaking are all reasons for establishing charity regulators. Public interest and public choice theories explain charity regulation which aims to increase public trust and confidence in charities (and thus increase voluntarism and philanthropy) and to limit tax benefits to specific organisations and donors. Nevertheless, regulation is resource intensive, and growing pressure on government budgets requires efficiencies to be found. This study proposes regulation differentiated according to charities' main resource providers, to reduce costs and focus regulatory effort, and provides a feasible segmentation.
Perfusion‐Decellularization of Porcine Lung and Trachea for Respiratory Bioengineering
Authors: Weymann Alexander , Patil Nikhil Prakash , Sabashnikov Anton , Korkmaz Sevil , Li Shiliang , Soos Pal , Ishtok Roland , Chaimow Nicole , Pätzold Ines , Czerny Natalie , Schmack Bastian , Popov Aron‐Frederik , Simon Andre Rüdiger , Karck Matthias , Szabo Gabor 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDecellularization of native organs may provide an acellular tissue platform for organ regeneration. However, decellularization involves a trade‐off between removal of immunogenic cellular elements and preservation of biomechanical integrity. We sought to develop a bioartificial scaffold for respiratory tissue engineering by decellularization of porcine lungs and trachea while preserving organ architecture and vasculature. Lung–trachea preparations from 25 German Landrace pigs were perfused in a modified Langendorff circuit and decellularized by an SDC (sodium deoxycholate)‐based perfusion protocol. Decellularization was evaluated by histology and fluorescence microscopy, and residual DNA quantified spectrophotometrically and compared with controls. Airway compliance was evaluated by endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation to simulate physiological breathing‐induced stretch. Structural integrity was evaluated by bronchoscopy and biomechanical stress/strain analysis by measuring passive tensile strength, all compared with controls. Decellularized lungs and trachea lacked intracellular components but retained specific collagen fibers and elastin. Quantitative DNA analysis demonstrated a significant reduction of DNA compared with controls (32.8 ± 12.4 μg DNA/mg tissue vs. 179.7 ± 35.8 μg DNA/mg tissue, P < 0.05). Lungs and trachea decellularized by our perfusion protocol demonstrated increased airway compliance but preserved biomechanical integrity as compared with native tissue. Whole porcine lungs–tracheae can be successfully decellularized to create an acellular scaffold that preserves extracellular matrix and retains structral integrity and three‐dimensional architecture to provide a bioartifical platform for respiratory tissue engineering.
Bayesian modeling and analysis for gradients in spatiotemporal processes
Authors: Quick Harrison , Banerjee Sudipto , Carlin Bradley P. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryStochastic process models are widely employed for analyzing spatiotemporal datasets in various scientific disciplines including, but not limited to, environmental monitoring, ecological systems, forestry, hydrology, meteorology, and public health. After inferring on a spatiotemporal process for a given dataset, inferential interest may turn to estimating rates of change, or gradients, over space and time. This manuscript develops fully model‐based inference on spatiotemporal gradients under continuous space, continuous time settings. Our contribution is to offer, within a flexible spatiotemporal process model setting, a framework to estimate arbitrary directional gradients over space at any given timepoint, temporal derivatives at any given spatial location and, finally, mixed spatiotemporal gradients that reflect rapid change in spatial gradients over time and vice‐versa. We achieve such inference without compromising on rich and flexible spatiotemporal process models and use nonseparable covariance structures. We illustrate our methodology using a simulated data example and subsequently apply it to a dataset of daily PM2.5 concentrations in California, where the spatiotemporal gradient process reveals the effects of California's unique topography on pollution and detects the aftermath of a devastating series of wildfires.
Jumping translocations, a novel finding in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Miller Cecelia R. , Stephens Deborah , Ruppert Amy S. , Racke Frederick , McFaddin Andrew , Breidenbach Heather , Lin Huey‐Jen , Waller Kathy , Bannerman Tammy , Jones Jeffrey A. , Woyach Jennifer A. , Andritsos Leslie A. , Maddocks Kami , Zhao Weiqiang , Lozanski Gerard , Flynn Joseph M. , Grever Michael , Byrd John C. , Heerema Nyla A. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryA jumping translocation (JT) is a rare cytogenetic aberration that can occur in haematological malignancy. It involves the translocation of the same fragment of donor chromosome onto two or more recipient chromosomes, typically in different cells. In this study, we describe the first series of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients with JTs reported to date. Following a review of 878 CLL patient karyotypes, we identified 26 patients (3%) with 97 JTs. The most commonly occurring breakpoint in these translocations was 17p11.2. Loss of TP53 was identified prior to or at the same time as JT in 23 of 26 patients (88%). All patients eventually developed a complex karyotype. All but one patient has required treatment for CLL, with estimated median time to treatment of 11·5 months. This study establishes JTs as a recurrent abnormality found in CLL patients with aggressive disease. JTs contribute to complex karyotypes and, in many cases, are involved in chromosomal rearrangements that result in loss of the tumour suppressor gene TP53.