bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1765 – Futher Validation Of The Children's Depression Inventory In a Portuguese Adolescents Sample
Authors: Bento C. , Pereira A.T. , Marques M. , Saraiva J. , Macedo A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) is a 27-item, symptom-oriented scale for youths aged 7-17. In Portugal some psychometric parameters has never been analyzed before.ObjectiveTo analyse the reliability and construct and concurrent validity of the CDI in a Portuguese adolescents sample.Method969 adolescents (59.34% girls), aged 15.80 ± 1.51, answered the Portuguese versions of the CDI and of the Rosemberg Self Esteem Scale (SE). To study the temporal stability, 204 (58.74% girls) respondents answered the questionnaires again after approximately 5 weeks.ResultsCDI mean scores were difference between genders [Girls=10.84 ± 6.025 vs. Boys: 8.90 ± 6.477, p < .001]. The Cronbach's alpha (α) was .85 for the total sample, .83 for the Girls, and .87 for the Boys. Pearson correlations between the test and the re-test was r = .81 for the total sample, r = .78 for the Girls sub-sample and r = .83 for the Boys sub-sample. Based on factorial and parallel analysis, a 4-factors structure was selected for the total sample (variance explained, VE = 38.93%), the Girls (VE = 36.92%) and the Boys (VE = 41.98%). The items content were similar in the total sample and by gender, but the order of the factors was different. The four factors were: “Depression and Negative Self Esteem”, “Ineffectiveness and Somatic Symptoms”, “Anhedonia”, “Interpersonal Problems”. The SE and CDI total scores were negative and statistically (p < .001) correlated in the total sample (r = -.67), in Girls (r = -.69) and in Boys (r = -.63).ConclusionsThe Portuguese CDI has good reliability and validity, showing to be an adequate instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in Portuguese adolescents.
1767 – Electroconvulsive Therapy (ect) Convulsion Time According To Diagnosis And Treatment Phase
Authors: Barrio P. , Batalla A. , Hidalgo D. , García Acuña M. , Pons A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionECT remains as one of the most effective and secure psychiatric treatments for a wide variety of disorders, like depression, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. Although not fully known, several theories hypothesize about its mechanism of action. To be effective, it has to induce a generalized convulsion of at least 15 seconds.ObjectiveTo analyze and compare convulsion times regarding diagnosis and treatment phase (acute, continuation or maintenance) to discern whether these factors influence convulsion time.Methods1675 ECT sessions were performed on 117 patients during a year at a universitary hospital. Convulsion times were analyzed comparing them according to main diagnosis (bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder), as well as according to treatment phase (acute, continuation, maintenance).ResultsSchizophrenia mean convulsion time was 40,77 seconds (CI95% 39,25-42.28), for schizoaffective disorder it was 34,59 seconds (CI95% 32,74-36,44), for bipolar disorder 35,13 seconds (CI95% 33,83-36,43) and for major depressive disorder 34,90 seconds (CI95% 32,72- 37,07), with a statistical significance between groups of p < 0.001.According to treatment phase, mean convulsion time in the acute phase was 34,94 seconds (CI95% 33,81-36,19), in the continuation phase it was 39,61 seconds (ICI95% 37,28-42,29), and in the maintenance phase it was 39,00 seconds (CI95% 37,92-40,18), with a statistical significance between groups of p < 0.001.ConclusionsAlthough there exist statistically significant differences between groups according to diagnosis and treatment phase, they are not clinically relevant, thus concluding that neither diagnosis nor treatment phase seem to influence convulsion time to a relevant degree.
1772 – Difficulties In The Recognition Of The Wernicke-korsakoff Syndrome In a General Hospital. Three Cases And a Review
Authors: Soler-González C. , Mansilla-Sánchez S. , Balcells-Olivero M. , Gual-Solé A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionWernicke-Korsakoff (W-K) syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder resulting from thiamine deficiency, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. According to autopsy-based studies, it is still greatly underdiagnosed. In this case study and review, we focus on late diagnosed W-K related with alcohol misuse, and we give a short review about the topic focusing on its prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment.Objectives and aimsWe intend to underline that W-K syndrome, a preventable neurological condition and even treatable in its early phase if suspected, is underdiagnosed, with critical consequences for the patient's prognosis.MethodsUsing a case-report format, we describe three cases of W-K syndrome which were initially misdiagnosed in different general hospitals. We summarize complementary explorations, therapeutic management and evolution, and after that we shortly review the topic.ResultsThe three patients were diagnosed of W-K syndrome in the psychiatry unit, weeks after being visited in the emergency facilities, where it was not suspected nor detected or prevented. All of them ended up with cognitive disabilities of a different degree, always with a remarkable impact in their functioning. One of them achieved some amelioration with thiamine in high doses, despite its late detection.ConclusionsW-K can be prevented and treated if early detected, but it is underdiagnosed, with severe consequences for the patients. We suggest some measures that could enhance its detection and prevention, like modifying emergency room protocols, both diagnostic and therapeutic.
1774 – Female Perspective Of Borderline Personality Disorder And Depression
Authors: di Giacomo E. , Alamia A. , Manzutto S. , Aspesi F. , Lazzari M. , Riboldi G. , Clerici M. 
Published: July 2013

Daily clinical practice shows that most admissions due to depressive symptoms are established more by personality (PD) - in particular borderline - than mood disorders (even if the prevalence of unipolar depression is assessed as 10 times higher than borderline PD). Both have a higher incidence in the female populace.MethodsDuring the 6 months of recruitment, the patients admitted for depressive symptom complaints were screened with a medical history and socio-demographic inventory, the SCID II, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), the Beck Anxiety Interview (BAI), and the Beck Depression Interview (BDI). The patients will be retested through a follow-up after 3 and 6 months with HAM-D, BDI and BAI. Only the feminine part of the sample was considered (n = 60) and divided by SCID II results in Borderline Personality Disorder [B] (n = 33), Other PD [O] (n = 14) and negative [N](n = 9); 4 patients refused to complete the tests [R].ResultsStatistically, there were no significant differences among the groups, if the same test is compared at the same moment; however, during follow-up B improves in a statistically significant way compared to others. Moreover, those of B who underwent psychotherapy statistically had significantly lower scores than those of B who did not.ConclusionResearch clearly demonstrates the importance of PD, and in particular borderline, in determining admissions due to depressive symptomathology. Moreover, Borderline PD patients improve more than other patients after an admission, particularly if they underwent psychotherapy.
1781 – High Prevalence Of Sexual Dissatisfaction In Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Martins J.P. , Biavo B.M.M. , Martins C.T.B. , Rocha J.C. , Caramello S.R. , Ribeiro E. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundSexual dysfunction is the inability to perform satisfactory sexual activity. It is estimated that 80% of men have erectile dysfunction in dialysis and 55% of women, difficulty in sexual arousal. Men may have decreased libido, erectile dysfunction and difficulty reaching orgasm. Women have difficulty in sexual arousal, decreased vaginal lubrication, dyspareunia, and difficulty achieving orgasm.ObjectiveAssess sexual dysfunction in hemodialysis patients.MethodsA Cross-sectional analysis conducted with a randomized sample of 100 subjects from a total of 521 hemodialysis patients (20%) of both genders. Data were collected through Kidney Disease Quality of Life - Short Form (KDQOL-SF).ResultsMost patients were female (52%), mean age 55 ± 14 years. After KDQOL-SF, the most common complaint was lack of sexual activity (82.81%). Most patients are dissatisfied with sexual performance (59%). Among them, the more dissatisfied were women, 61% (36/59), p < 0.02, and patients under 65 years, 61% (36/59) p < 0.007. Among those who report being sexually satisfied, the majority were male (58.33%). We found that sexual dissatisfaction is more common in women. Among 52 female patients, 37 were dissatisfied (71.15%), whereas among men, we have 56.25% (27/48) of sexual dissatisfaction.ConclusionThere is evidence of high prevalence of dissatisfaction in the hemodialysis patients sexual performances. Further studies are needed on their sexual function, as well as therapeutic interventions that may offer improvement in this negative scenario.
1799 – Deep Transcranial Magnet Stimulation Improves Depression And Fatigue In Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Gaede G. , Tiede M. , Lorenz I. , Pfueller C.F. , Doerr J. , Bellmann-Strobl J. , Zangen A. , Schippling S. , Paul F. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionFatigue and depression are among the most frequent symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS), affecting up to 90% of patients at onset or during the course of the disease. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has proven safe and efficacious for treating depression.ObjectiveTo perform a randomized, sham-controlled pilot study to evaluate effects of deep rTMS on fatigue and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis.Methods28 MS-patients underwent 18 sessions of deep rTMS over 6 weeks. 10 patients underwent sham stimulation, 9 patients stimulation of the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) (18 Hz, 120% motor threshold (MT)) and 9 patients of the motor cortex (MC) (5 Hz, 90% MT). Following the treatment, patients were observed for further 6 weeks. Effects on fatigue were evaluated with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) Depression was assessed by Becks Depression Inventory (BDI).ResultsThere was no significant change of BDI or FSS in sham group, as well as in PFC group over all time points. However BDI in MC group showed a significant decrease already in early treatment phase (-25.74% ± 24.36%, p = 0.013) and continued decrease over treatment period with maximum in follow up phase (-39.23% ± 21.57, p = 0.001). In FSS, MC group showed a trend to decrease during treatment period and the effect becomes significant in follow up phase (-26,72% ± 16.30%, p = 0.001).ConclusionOur data suggests that deep rTMS may have positive influence on depression and fatigue. Intrestingly, comparable effects on both symptoms were observed in MC group but not in PFC or in sham group.
1802 – The Age Interference On Quality Of Life Of Patients Undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis
Authors: Martins J.P. , Rocha J.C. , Caramello S.R. , Clesca P. , Ribeiro Junior E. , Martins- Tzanno C.T.B. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveTo assess quality of life through self-administered KDQOL-sf (Kidney Disease Quality of Life - short form) by patients on hemodialysis (HD) classified according to age.MethodsWe randomly 159 hemodialysis patients and applied the KDQOL-sf between February/10 and March/11. We evaluated the quality of life based on scores below or above 50, on all scales, according to age < 60 years (n = 85) and ≥ 60 years (n = 74).ResultsIn patients < 60 years, the scales in which they had poorer quality of life were: physical function 47/85 (55.3%), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) burden 46/85 (54.1%), professional role 57/85 (67.1%) and sexual function 47/85 (55.3%). In patients ≥ 60 years, the scales with poorer quality of life were: physical functioning 47/74 (62.2%), physical function 51/74 (68.9%), general health 38/74 (51.3%), energy / fatigue 45/74 (60.8%), CKD burden 56/74 (75.7%), professional role 49/74 (66.2%) and sexual function 60/74 (81.1%).ConclusionWhile patients younger than 60 years have a quality of life decrease in 4 scales, patients with more than 60 years have worsened in 7 scales, with significant worsening of sexual function. We conclude that the quality of life is more impaired in the elderly undergoing HD.
1805 – Child Bipolar Disorder: a Case Report
Authors: Zappitelli M.C. , Pereira M.L. , Gonçalves E.C. , Bordin I.A. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundThe diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents has increased in clinical settings throughout the last two decades. Its prevalence is around 1.8% being similar in different countries. However, how it is diagnosed is still a challenge due to its variability of clinical presentations, overlapping with other more commonly psychiatric disorders and high rates of comorbidities. Therefore, it is still important to report cases in order to enhance our knowledge about this complex field of the mental health in childhood and adolescence.ObjectiveTo present clinical characteristics and follow-up of a 12 year-old adolescent who met DSM-IV criteria for bipolar disorder NOS.MethodTo describe the clinical trajectory from the diagnosis to the outcomes of the mentioned case, focusing on the main symptoms and family functioning.ResultsThe combination of mood stabilizers, family interventions and individual psychodynamic therapy resulted in an improvement of the global functioning.ConclusionEven in a complex case of child bipolar disorder with early onset the treatment based on pharmacotherapy, individual psychodynamic therapy and systemic family therapy was able to provide satisfactory results.
1807 – Influence Of Childhood Trauma In The Cognitive Biases Implicated In Pathogenesis Of Delusional Disorder
Authors: Vicente I. , Laorden A.T. , Sánchez M.J. , Del Amo V. , Olmeda M.S. , De Portugal E. , García I. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere exists evidence about the presence of Childhood Trauma (CT) being implicated in pathogenesis of Delusional Disorder (DD).ObjectivesInvestigate de influence of CT in the cognitive biases (attentional bias, jumping-to-conclusions, personalizing attributional bias, need-for-closure and “self” discrepancies) and in the social cognition alterations (theory-of-mind and facial emotion recognition deficits) which have been postulated to be implicated in formation and maintenance of DD.MethodsChildhood Trauma was measured using the “Childhood Trauma Questionaire” in 64 patients (n=64) diagnosed with DD by the SCID-I (DSM-IV-TR). The cognitive biases were evaluated using specific scales (“Emotional Stroop”, “Experimental Beads Task”, “Need-for-Closure Scale”, “Internal, Personal and Situational Attributions Questionnaire” and “Personal Qualities Questionnaire”). Social Cognition was evaluated using a theory-of-mind task (“Faux-Pas”) and a facial recognizing task (“Eyes Test”). The relationship between CT and those anomalies were examined using lineal regression models controlled by sociodemographic characteristics, premorbid IQ (“National Adult Reading Test”), delusion intensity (“Maudsley Assessment of Delusion Schedule”), depression intensity (“Beck Depression Inventory”) and neuropsychological function (attention, verbal learning, working memory and executive function; measured by a extensive neuropsychological assesment).ResultsHigh scores in CT were significantly associated with low scores in Faux-Pas task after being adjusted by the delusion and depression intensity, executive function and antipsycothic medication dose.ConclusionsThe severity of Childhood Trauma in patients with DD is related to theory-of-mind deficits, a social cognitive function which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the Delusional Disorder.
1808 – The Use Of Antipsychotic Drugs In Elderly Patients With Dementia
Authors: Ben Ammar H. , Bel Arbi A. , Robbana L. , Moula O. , Bouasker A. , Ghachem R. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDelusions, hallucinations, aggression, and agitation affect more than half of patients with dementia. Antipsychotic drugs are used to treat these behaviors and symptoms. They are among the most frequently used psychotropic drugs in this disease, but their benefits are uncertain and concerns about safety have emerged. We assessed the current practice in use of antipsychotics medication in outpatients with dementia.MethodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study involving patients older than 65 years who began outpatient treatment with antipsychotic drugs following a dementia diagnosis.Results22 patients were included (16 female, 6 male) with mean age of 78.6 years. All patients consulted for behavioral problems. Most received typical aantipsychotic drugs (72,8%), while 36,4% received atypical antipsychotic drugs. 13 patients (59,1%) were receiving haloperidol. Improvement was observed in 54,5% of patients.The comparisons of haloperidol with risperidone suggest no difference in efficacy for the treatment of global behaviour disturbance. On the other hand, use of haloperidol is, however, associated with a higher incidence of extrapyramidal and other side effects.ConclusionThe treatment of elderly patients requires daily careful management and monitoring because of their polypathology, polymedication and of their greater sensitivity to the toxic effects of drugs. Overall, the study findings suggest that there is a need to monitor antipsychotic drug use by elderly patients in light of recent efficacy and safety data on atypical agents.
1817 – Child And Adolescent Mood Disorders Program (proacth)
Authors: Pereira M.L. , Zappitelli M.C. , Daniel C. , Admoni D.H. , Gonçalves E.C. , Trovão M.M. , Mello R.A. , Bordin I.A. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundMood disorders have a multifactorial etiology comprising genetics and environmental aspects in a complex interplay between them. Depression and bipolar disorder have been increasingly diagnosed in children and adolescents in the recent years. A meta-analysis about the epidemiology of bipolar disorder in youth showed that the overall rate was 1.8%. Concerning depression in youth the lifetime prevalence varies from 3% in children to almost 20% in adolescents.ObjectiveTo describe a treatment and research program (PROACTH) for children and adolescents with mood disorders (depressive and bipolar disorder).MethodThe program operates from Monday through Friday. Patients are referred to the program from primary care health services. On admission, patients were screened with standardized instruments. After that, the patients were submitted to pharmacological and psychosocial interventions. Finally, the follow-up period depends on each patient illness evolution. Also, the team encompasses child psychiatrists, systemic family therapists, psychologists and social workers.ResultsThe combination of pharmacotherapy and psychosocial interventions (individual psychotherapy and family therapy) led to a decrease of symptoms and a better psychosocial functioning.ConclusionIn spite of the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors usually found in children with mood disorders, timely and appropriate interventions are efficacious to achieve a favourable outcome.
1832 – Factors Of Dysontogenesis Of Mental Development Of Children With Sensoneural Hearing Disorders
Authors: Kupriyanova I. , Karaush I. 
Published: July 2013

We studied mental health of pupils of Tomsk Specialized Boarding School for children with hearing disorder (100 hard of hearing (sensoneural hearing loss) and 30 deaf (sensoneural deafness), of 8-18 years old). We have revealed pathology of pregnancy and labor of mother and neurological and/or somatic pathology. Almost 90% of children were characterized by retardation in early development. Almost 8% are brought up by deaf/deaf-mute parents. In the investigated group 80% of families are characterized by pathological types of upbringing - under conditions of hypo- and hyper-care 30,5% and 18,1% of children, respectively are brought up, Contradictory upbringing has been noticed in 13,3% of cases, systematic conflicts in the family - 18,1%.Urban inhabitants prevail (63%), under adverse living conditions 29,5% of children live, the same number lives under conditions of boarding school. In one-parent families, 30,5% are brought up, with guardians - 10,5%. One third of fathers and 16,7% of mothers abuse alcohol, 61,9% of families have low material level.Structure of neuropsychiatric disorders in children of the examined group - disturbances of psychological development - F83 (78 pers. - 60%), mental retardation (F70, F78, F79) - 20% (26 children), disturbances of behavior with onset in childhood (hyper-dynamic syndrome) - F90 (11 persons - 8,5%). Only 8,5% (11 pers.) have normal intellectual development. In 90% of children, we have revealed disorders of speech development F80.8, conditioned by basic disease.In ontogenesis of these children we some adverse characteristics and conditions affecting negatively further development of child.
1835 – Antipsychotics For Schizophrenia: Too Little Progress After 50 Years?
Authors: Hunter R. , Barry S. , Gaughan T. 
Published: July 2013

Introductionll antipsychotics act via dopaminergic receptor antagonism. This pharmacology is shared by all first (FGA) & second (SGA) generation antipsychotics. We reviewed the efficacy & safety of all antipsychotics in clinical use for BMJ Clinical Evidence (Barry et al 2012).Methods & questionsOur paper summarises key results from this systematic review based on comprehensive literature search of the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and other databases including safety information from the FDA and MHRA in UK. The main clinical questions of interest were: What is the efficacy of drug treatments for positive, negative, or cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia? How effective are treatments for people with schizophrenia resistant to standard antipsychotic drugs?ResultsWe found 51 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion/quality criteria and performed GRADE analysis to assess quality of evidence. Key results are presented for efficacy & safety for: amisulpiride, chlorpromazine, clozapine, depot haloperidol, haloperidol, olanzapine, pimozide, quetiapine, risperidone, sulpiride, ziprasidone, zotepine, aripiprazole, sertindole, paliperidone, flupentixol, depot flupentixol, zuclopenthixol, depot zuclopenthixol, and clozapine.DiscussionThe evidence for some ‘standard’ treatments is surprisingly weak. Up to 1/3 -1/2 of patients fail to respond to currently available antipsychotics, and all antipsychotics cause side effects in most people. This downbeat conclusion is not surprising, given clinical experience and the common mechanism of action of all antipsychotics. More efficacious antipsychotic medication will only be developed from understanding the biological pathogenesis of schizophrenia.Barry S, Gaughin T, and Hunter R. Schizophrenia. BMJ Clinical Evidence 13 July 2012.http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1007/overview.html.