bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute renal failure associated with the new BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib: A case series of 8 patients
Authors: Launay‐Vacher Vincent , Zimner‐Rapuch Sarah , Poulalhon Nicolas , Fraisse Thibault , Garrigue Valérie , Gosselin Morgane , Amet Sabine , Janus Nicolas , Deray Gilbert 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUNDVemurafenib is a BRAF inhibitor that has become the cornerstone of metastatic or inoperable melanoma therapy since its approval in 2011 in the United States and 2012 in Europe. This targeted therapy has shown impressive results in terms of increased progression‐free and overall survival as compared to dacarbazine. The safety profile did not include any renal manifestations at that time.METHODSThis report is the first case series of 8 patients who experienced significant to severe renal insufficiency under vemurafenib treatment.RESULTSThis case series shows that vemurafenib may induce potentially severe acute renal failure, including renal sequelae and persistent kidney disease in some cases.CONCLUSIONSFurther studies are needed to investigate the effects of vemurafenib on the kidneys. Meanwhile, renal function should be closely monitored in treated patients for early detection of any renal dysfunction occurrence. Cancer 2014;120:2158–2163. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Costs and benefits of an organized fecal immunochemical test‐based colorectal cancer screening program in the United States
Authors: Guy Gery P. , Richardson Lisa C. , Pignone Michael P. , Plescia Marcus 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUNDDespite clear recommendations and evidence linking colorectal cancer screening to lower incidence and mortality, > 40% of adults are not up to date with screening. Existing domestic and international models of organized cancer screening programs have been effective in increasing screening rates. Implementing an organized, evidence‐based, national screening program may be an effective approach to increasing screening rates.METHODSIn the current study, the authors estimated the initial investment required and the cost per person screened of a nationwide fecal immunochemical test (FIT)‐based colorectal cancer screening program among adults aged 50 years to 75 years.RESULTSThe initial additional investment required was estimated at $277.9 to $318.2 million annually, with an estimated 8.7 to 9.4 million individuals screened at a cost of $32 to $39 per person screened. The program was estimated to prevent 2900 to 3100 deaths annually.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study indicate that implementing a national screening program would make a substantial public health impact at a moderate cost per person screened. Results from this analysis may provide useful information for understanding the public health benefit of an organized screening delivery system and the potential resources required to implement a nationwide colorectal cancer screening program, and help guide decisions about program planning, design, and implementation. Cancer 2014;120:2308–2315. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
BRAF mutation predicts for poor outcomes after metastasectomy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Yaeger Rona , Cercek Andrea , Chou Joanne F. , Sylvester Brooke E. , Kemeny Nancy E. , Hechtman Jaclyn F. , Ladanyi Marc , Rosen Neal , Weiser Martin R. , Capanu Marinela , Solit David B. , D'Angelica Michael I. , Vakiani Efsevia , Saltz Leonard B. 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUNDBRAFmutations occur in 5% to 11% of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and have been associated with poor prognosis. The current study was undertaken to determine the clinicopathologic characteristics,PIK3CA(phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐bisphosphate 3‐kinase, catalytic subunit alpha) mutation frequency, and outcomes after metastasectomy in patients withBRAF‐mutant mCRC.METHODSData from 1941 consecutive patients with mCRC who underwentKRAS/BRAFmutation testing between 2009 and 2012 at a single institution were identified to identifyBRAF‐mutant mCRC cases (92 cases).BRAFwild‐type mCRC cases from 2011 (423 cases) served as a control group.RESULTSBRAF‐mutated mCRC was found to be significantly associated with older age at diagnosis, female sex, right‐sided location, poorly differentiated morphology, and mucinous histology compared with wild‐type cases.BRAF‐mutant cases more frequently progressed from stage III disease (32% vs 17%;P = .003) and among those patients with stage III disease, T4 disease was more common (48% vs 27%;P = .05).PIK3CAwas found to be co‐mutated in 5% ofBRAF‐mutant tumors versus 17% ofKRAS‐mutant tumors (P < .01) and 4% ofBRAF/KRASwild‐type cases. Patients withBRAF‐mutated mCRC presented more frequently with peritoneal involvement (26% vs 14%;P < 0.01) and less frequently with liver‐limited metastases (41% vs 63%;P < .01). Patients withBRAF‐mutated mCRC were less likely to undergo metastasectomy (41% vs 26% at 2 years from diagnosis of metastatic disease;P < .01) and were found to have lower overall survival (P < .01) after metastasectomy.CONCLUSIONSBRAF‐mutant mCRC is associated with worse clinical outcome. Patients withBRAF‐mutant tumors more commonly develop peritoneal metastases, less frequently present with disease limited to the liver, and have shorter survival after metastasectomy compared with patients withBRAFwild‐type tumors.Cancer2014;120:2316–2324.©2014 American Cancer Society.
Two‐Electron Carbon Dioxide Reduction Catalyzed by Rhenium(I) Bis(imino)acenaphthene Carbonyl Complexes
Authors: Portenkirchner Engelbert , Kianfar Elham , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Knör Günther 
Published: April 2014

AbstractRhenium(I) carbonyl complexes carrying substituted bis(arylimino)acenaphthene ligands (BIAN‐R) have been tested as potential catalysts for the two‐electron reduction of carbon dioxide. Cyclic voltammetric studies as well as controlled potential electrolysis experiments were performed using CO2‐saturated solutions of the complexes in acetonitrile and acetonitrile–water mixtures. Faradaic efficiencies of more than 30 % have been determined for the electrocatalytic production of CO. The effects of ligand substitution patterns and water content of the reaction medium on the catalytic performance of the new catalysts are discussed.
Chemically Stable Perovskites as Cathode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: La‐Doped Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ
Authors: Kim Junyoung , Choi Sihyuk , Jun Areum , Jeong Hu Young , Shin Jeeyoung , Kim Guntae 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBa0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ (BSCF) has won tremendous attention as a cathode material for intermediate‐temperature solid‐oxide fuel cells (IT‐SOFC) on the basis of its fast oxygen‐ion transport properties. Nevertheless, wide application of BSCF is impeded by its phase instabilities at intermediate temperature. Here we report on a chemically stable SOFC cathode material, La0.5Ba0.25Sr0.25Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ (LBSCF), prepared by strategic approaches using the Goldschmidt tolerance factor. The tolerance factors of LBSCF and BSCF indicate that the structure of the former has a smaller deformation of cubic symmetry than that of the latter. The electrical property and electrochemical performance of LBSCF are improved compared with those of BSCF. LBSCF also shows excellent chemical stability under air, a CO2‐containg atmosphere, and low oxygen partial pressure while BSCF decomposed under the same conditions. Together with this excellent stability, LBSCF shows a power density of 0.81 W cm−2 after 100 h, whereas 25 % degradation for BSCF is observed after 100 h.
Inducing bias modulates sensitivity to nonverbal cues of others' pain
Authors: Pronina I. , Rule N.O. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundThere is ample research to support the existence of bias in the perception of others' pain. Both studies involving health‐care professionals and student surrogate samples have found that, firstly, pain is under‐perceived when using nonverbal cues to gauge another's suffering and, secondly, that personal characteristics of both the viewer and the target (such as gender) can bias pain perception, affecting the allocation of help. However, the extant research shows conflicts about the direction of the bias that target gender exerts on pain perception. Our study aims to address these challenges by examining whether under‐perception of pain can be attenuated or exacerbated with gender primes and how target gender affects nonverbal pain perception, in particular.MethodsUniversity students (N = 120) were primed with either masculine, neutral, or feminine concepts followed by photos of male and female targets displaying various levels of pain and asked to quantify the photographed targets' distress.ResultsParticipants perceived lower target distress when this task was preceded by a masculine gender prime, as compared to a neutral or feminine gender prime. Pain was underestimated for all targets; however, this underestimation was significantly more pronounced for female targets.ConclusionsThese results suggest that gender cues may influence the perception of observed pain and, as a result, clinical decision making. They also support the conjecture that nonverbal pain cues may be under‐perceived in women.
Angiotensin (1–7) prevents angiotensin II‐induced nociceptive behaviour via inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation mediated through spinal Mas receptors in mice
Authors: Nemoto W. , Ogata Y. , Nakagawasai O. , Yaoita F. , Tadano T. , Tan‐No K. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundWe have recently demonstrated that intrathecal (i.t.) administration of angiotensin II (Ang II) induces nociceptive behaviour in mice accompanied by a phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) mediated through Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptors. The N‐terminal fragment of Ang II, Ang (1–7), plays a pivotal role in counterbalancing many of the well‐established actions induced by Ang II. However, the role of Ang (1–7) in spinal nociceptive transmission remains unclear. Therefore, we examined whether i.t. administration of Ang (1–7) can inhibit the Ang II‐induced nociceptive behaviour in mice.MethodsIn the behavioural experiments, the accumulated response time of nociceptive behaviour consisting of scratching, biting and licking in conscious mice was determined during a 25‐min period starting after i.t. injection. The distribution and localization of AT1 or Mas receptors were analysed using a MapAnalyzer and confocal microscope, respectively. Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the dorsal spinal cord was measured by Western blotting.ResultsThe nociceptive behaviour induced by Ang II was dose‐dependently inhibited by the co‐administration of Ang (1–7). The inhibitory effect of Ang (1–7) was reversed by the co‐administration of A779, a Mas receptor antagonist. Western blot analysis showed that the increase in spinal p38 MAPK phosphorylation following the i.t. administration of Ang II was also inhibited by Ang (1–7), and the Ang (1–7) induced‐inhibition was prevented by A779.ConclusionsOur data show that the i.t. administration of Ang (1–7) attenuates an Ang II‐induced nociceptive behaviour and is accompanied by the inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation mediated through Mas receptors.
A Pencil Graphite Electrode In Situ Modified by Monovalent Copper: a Promising Tool for the Determination of Methylxanthines
Authors: Navratil Rudolf , Jelen Frantisek , Ugur Kayran Yasin , Trnkova Libuse 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA pencil graphite electrode (PeGE) exhibits a promising tool for the electrochemical analysis of xanthine (Xan) and its N‐methyl derivatives (1‐, 3‐, 7‐ and 9‐mXan). The changes in their level in blood, serum, urine, as products of purine catabolism, can indicate the development of some diseases. Sensitivity‐enhanced voltammetric detection of mXans was achieved by forming of complex with Cu(I) and application of elimination procedure. The Cu(I)‐mXan complex was identified by means of titration of electrochemically produced cuprous ions by mXan. Our approach enables separation of overlapped mXan oxidation signals. Based on the obtained results, we found that the effect of methyl group position on the xanthine skeleton was significant and it was also discussed.
Effect of methanogenic effluent recycling on continuous H2 production from food waste
Authors: Redondas Vanesa , Moran Antonio , Martínez Judith E. , Fierro Julio , Gomez Xiomar 
Published: April 2014

The production of hydrogen from food wastes was studied in a two‐stage (dark fermentation‐digestion) process under mesophilic conditions. The effect of a recycling stream, from the methanogenic phase to the fermentation phase, over H2 production and alkali consumption was evaluated in a semicontinuous fermentation process. The cases of no‐recycling, direct recycling, and membrane permeate recycling of methanogenic supernatant (using an ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane) were evaluated.Adding a recycling stream from a methanogenic reactor to the hydrogen‐producing reactor significantly reduced the need of external alkali addition for pH control, up to 52%. The performance of the hydrogen‐producing reactors receiving the recycling stream was similar in all cases tested, with values of specific hydrogen production of about 30 mL g−1 VSadded. This value was also similar to that one obtained from the no‐recycling configuration. The use of a membrane pretreatment stage proved to be not necessary. Operating conditions established in the fermentation stage were enough to avoid any detrimental effect associated to methanogenic microflora predominance. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 227–233, 2015
Pain in care home residents with dementia: an exploration of frequency, prescribing and relatives' perspectives
Authors: Barry Heather E. , Parsons Carole , Passmore A. Peter , Hughes Carmel M. 
Published: April 2014

ObjectivesThis study aims to determine pain frequency amongst care home residents with dementia, to investigate variables associated with pain, to explore analgesic use among residents and to seek residents' relatives' views on provision of care and management of pain by the care home.MethodsStructured face‐to‐face interviews were conducted with residents, nursing staff and relatives from nine dementia care homes in Northern Ireland, between May 2010 and March 2012. Demographic information was collected from participants, neuropsychiatric tests were used to assess residents' cognitive functioning, medication use was determined from care home records and residents' pain was assessed using a verbal descriptor scale. Relatives' views were sought on care provision and management of pain.ResultsForty‐two residents, 16 nurses/care assistants and 35 relatives participated; the participation rate of residents was low (27.6%). Most residents were suffering moderate–severe dementia, and some residents (26.2%) were unable to provide a self‐report of pain. A significantly higher proportion of relatives (57.1%) deemed residents to be experiencing pain at the time of the interview, compared with residents (23.8%, p = 0.005) and nurses/care assistants (42.9%, p = 0.035). Most residents (88.1%) were prescribed with analgesia; non‐opioid analgesics were most commonly prescribed. High proportions of residents were prescribed with psychoactive medications. Antipsychotic drug use was associated with presence of pain (p = 0.046).ConclusionsThis study has reinforced the challenge of assessing and managing pain in this resident population and highlighted issues to be addressed by long‐term care providers and clinicians. Participation of people with dementia, and their families, in healthcare research needs to be improved. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linking cognition and frailty in middle and old age: metabolic syndrome matters
Authors: Lin Feng , Roiland Rachel , Chen Ding‐Geng (Din) , Qiu Christina 
Published: April 2014

ObjectivesThis study examined whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) would moderate the association of cognition with frailty in middle and old age.MethodsA cross‐sectional design was used. Six hundred and ninety participants (age ≥ 50 years) from an on‐going national survey were included in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to determine latent variables of executive function (EF), episodic memory (EM), and MetS based on relevant measurements. Frailty was defined using a modified form of Fried's criteria.ResultsApplying structural equation modeling, having MetS significantly increased the likelihood of being frail. Better performance on EM tasks, but not EF, was significantly associated with lower likelihood of MetS. Worse performance on EF, but not EM, significantly increased the likelihood of being frail. There was a significant interacting effect between MetS and EF, but not EM, on frailty. Further contrast analysis indicated that having MetS strengthened the negative association between EF and frailty.ConclusionMetabolic syndrome moderates the relationship between EF and frailty. A prospecitve study is needed to validate such relationships before developing interventions targeting the prevention or treatment of EF and frailty in individuals with MetS. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topological methods reveal high and low functioning neuro‐phenotypes within fragile X syndrome
Authors: Romano David , Nicolau Monica , Quintin Eve‐Marie , Mazaika Paul K. , Lightbody Amy A. , Cody Hazlett Heather , Piven Joseph , Carlsson Gunnar , Reiss Allan L. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS), due to mutations of the FMR1 gene, is the most common known inherited cause of developmental disability as well as the most common single‐gene risk factor for autism. Our goal was to examine variation in brain structure in FXS with topological data analysis (TDA), and to assess how such variation is associated with measures of IQ and autism‐related behaviors. To this end, we analyzed imaging and behavioral data from young boys (n = 52; aged 1.57–4.15 years) diagnosed with FXS. Application of topological methods to structural MRI data revealed two large subgroups within the study population. Comparison of these subgroups showed significant between‐subgroup neuroanatomical differences similar to those previously reported to distinguish children with FXS from typically developing controls (e.g., enlarged caudate). In addition to neuroanatomy, the groups showed significant differences in IQ and autism severity scores. These results suggest that despite arising from a single gene mutation, FXS may encompass two biologically, and clinically separable phenotypes. In addition, these findings underscore the potential of TDA as a powerful tool in the search for biological phenotypes of neuropsychiatric disorders. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4904–4915, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A single‐dose, randomized, double‐blind, double dummy, placebo and positive‐controlled, five‐way cross‐over study to assess the pharmacodynamic effects of lorediplon in a phase advance model of insomnia in healthy Caucasian adult male subjects
Authors: Horoszok Lucy , Baleeiro Thais , D'Aniello Fabiana , Gropper Savion , Santos Benjamin , Guglietta Antonio , Roth Thomas 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveA 5‐h phase advance model of insomnia was used to evaluate the efficacy of lorediplon, a new non‐benzodiazepine hypnotic.MethodsThirty‐five male, healthy subjects were included in a five‐way randomized cross‐over study. During each of the periods, sleep was recorded, and residual effects were measured. All subjects received lorediplon 1, 5, and 10 mg, placebo, and zolpidem 10 mg (i.e., active control).ResultsPolysomnographic evaluation revealed that lorediplon (5 and 10 mg) significantly decreased wake after sleep onset (WASO) and increased total sleep time. Analysis by quarters of the night showed a progressive increasing effectiveness of lorediplon 10 mg across the first three quarters. Lorediplon increased non‐rapid eye movement slow wave sleep and stage N2 sleep in the second and third quarters. The magnitude of these effects was dose related, with minimal effects seen with 1 mg. No residual effects were observed 13 h post dose.ConclusionsLorediplon demonstrated a dose‐dependent improvement in sleep, whereas zolpidem showed a more sustained WASO effect. No next‐day hangover effects were observed. These sleep effects are also consistent with the pharmacokinetic profile of lorediplon. These results warrant clinical trials in patients with insomnia. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual‐polarization Raman spectral imaging to extract overlapping molecular fingerprints of living cells
Authors: Chiu Liang‐da , Palonpon Almar F. , Smith Nicholas I. , Kawata Satoshi , Sodeoka Mikiko , Fujita Katsumasa 
Published: April 2014

Raman spectral imaging is gaining more and more attention in biological studies because of its label‐free characteristic. However, the discrimination of overlapping chemical contrasts has been a major challenge. In this study, we introduce an optical method to simultaneously obtain two orthogonally polarized Raman images from a single scan of the sample. We demonstrate how this technique can improve the quality and quantity of the hyperspectral Raman dataset and how the technique is expected to further extend the horizons of Raman spectral imaging in biological studies by providing more detailed chemical information.
The dual‐polarization Raman images of a HeLa cell.magnified imageThe dual‐polarization Raman images of a HeLa cell.
Lithium‐end‐capped polylactide thin films influence osteoblast progenitor cell differentiation and mineralization
Authors: Gomillion Cheryl T. , Lakhman Rubinder Kaur , Kasi Rajeswari M. , Weiss R. A. , Kuhn Liisa T. , Goldberg A. Jon 
Published: April 2014

AbstractEnd‐capping by covalently binding functional groups to the ends of polymer chains offers potential advantages for tissue engineering scaffolds, but the ability of such polymers to influence cell behavior has not been studied. As a demonstration, polylactide (PLA) was end‐capped with lithium carboxylate ionic groups (hPLA13kLi) and evaluated. Thin films of the hPLA13kLi and PLA homopolymer were prepared with and without surface texturing. Murine osteoblast progenitor cells from collagen 1α1 transgenic reporter mice were used to assess cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. Measurement of green fluorescent protein expressed by these cells and xylenol orange staining for mineral allowed quantitative analysis. The hPLA13kLi was biologically active, increasing initial cell attachment and enhancing differentiation, while reducing proliferation and strongly suppressing mineralization, relative to PLA. These effects of bound lithium ions (Li+) had not been previously reported, and were generally consistent with the literature on soluble additions of lithium. The surface texturing generated here did not influence cell behavior. These results demonstrate that end‐capping could be a useful approach in scaffold design, where a wide range of biologically active groups could be employed, while likely retaining the desirable characteristics associated with the unaltered homopolymer backbone. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 500–510, 2015.