bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desain LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Menumbuhkan Self-Efficacy Peserta Didik pada Materi Asam dan Basa
Authors: Alfiana Ika , Alawiyah Nur , Nada Ella Izzatun 
Published: July 2024

<p>Pendidikan karakter memiliki peran penting dalam mengembangkan kemampuan peserta didik, salah satunya pendidikan karakter yang harus ditanamkan pada peserta didik adalah karakter percaya dengan kemampuan diri sendiri atau <em>self-efficacy</em>. Namun, tingkat <em>self-efficacy</em> peserta didik masih tergolong rendah yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan LKPD berbasis <em>Problem Based Learning</em> untuk menumbuhkan <em>self-efficacy</em> pada materi asam basa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah <em>Research and Development</em> (R&amp;D) dengan model pengembangan 4-D yang diadaptasi dari Thiagarajan kemudian dimodifikasi menjadi 3-D. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI MA Darun Najah. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa angket kebutuhan peserta didik, angket validasi ahli, angket praktikalitas guru, angket respon peserta didik, dan angket <em>self-efficacy</em>. Nilai validasi dari ahli materi dan ahli media masing-masing adalah 0,88 dan 0,80 dengan kriteria sangat valid dan valid. Uji praktikalitas diperoleh hasil sebesar 79% dengan kriteria praktis. Hasil angket respon peserta didik sebesar 82,4% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Peningkatan <em>self-efficacy</em> peserta didik sebesar 0,32 dengan kriteria sedang. Tingkat <em>self-efficacy</em> peserta didik berdasarkan perhitungan angket menunjukkan 16% peserta didik mempunyai <em>self-efficacy</em> tinggi, 34% peserta didik pada kategori sedang, dan 50% peserta didik pada kategori rendah.</p><div id="pip-toast"> </div><div id="pip-toast"> </div><div id="pip-toast"> </div>
The Role of Teacher Health and Work Environment on Teacher Performance through Job Performance
Authors: Fatimah Fatimah , Yusuf Furtasan Ali , Hardianto Ade Manggala 
Published: July 2024

<p>Kinerja guru merupakan capaian hasil kerja selama periode tertentu dan menjadi indicator prediksi kinerja di masa depan. Tujuan peneltian adalah untuk memprediksi factor yang mempengaruhi kinerja guru sekolah dasar kota Cilegon tahun 2024. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitattif dengan metode survey pada guru sekolah dasar kota Cilegon, dan memasukan variabel mediasi prestasi kerja sebagai predictor yang mampu (tidak) menghubungkan antara variable independent (kesehatan guru dan lingkungan kerja) terhadap kinerja. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif yang mengadopsi <em>Partial Least Square</em> (PLS). Hasil penelitian antara lain: (1) ada pengaruh kesehatan guru terhadap prestasi kerja; (2) ada pengaruh kesehatan guru terhadap kinerja guru; (3) ada pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap prestasi kerja; (4) ada pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru; (5) tidak ada pengaruh prestasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru; serta (6) hasil uji mediasi prestasi guru dapat memedisi secara parsial karena P value 0.939 &gt; 0.05. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu faktor prediksi peningkatan kinerja guru tahun 2024 dengan memperhatikan kesehatan guru, lingkungan kerja.</p>
Pendampingan Penerapan Model Realistic Mathematics Education untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas II SDN 01 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Agusdianita Neza 
Published: July 2024

<div id="pip-toast">Permasalahan dalam pembelajaran matematika yang sering dihadapi oleh guru kelas II SDN 01 Kota Bengkulu adalah permasalahan siswa yang kesulitan dalam memahami masalah yang ada dalam soal dan kesulitan menyelesaikan soal sesuai dengan tahapan pemecahan masalah yang seharusnya. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membekali guru dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang Penerapan Model <em>Realistic Mathematics Education</em><strong> </strong><em>(RME) </em>untuk mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas II SDN 01 Kota Bengkulu sehingga siswa dapat memahami materi pelajaran dengan baik dan siswa dapat menyelesaikan soal cerita pemecahan masalah dengan benar dan mudah. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah pelatihan dan pendampingan. Instrumen evaluasi kegiatan ini adalah lembar wawancara, lembar observasi dan lembar tes. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat di SDN 01 Kota Bengkulu telah terlaksana dengan baik. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari praktik pembelajaran di kelas II SDN 01 Kota Bengkulu yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang sudah menjadi lebih baik. Dari kegiatan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat di SDN 01 Kota Bengkulu dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pendampingan Penerapan Model <em>Realistic Mathematics Education</em><strong> </strong><em>(RME) </em>untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas II SDN 01 Kota Bengkulu berhasil dilakukan.</div><div id="pip-toast"> </div>
Analysis of Learning Difficulty Diagnosis Techniques in Primary Schools
Authors: Havita Vivit Nurhikmah , Melisah Melisah , Nabila Elsa Rosania , Yanti Elprida , Widi Fajari Laksmi Evasufi , Sa'diyah Halimatus , Aini Syarifah , Cahyaningsih Ardaneswari Putri 
Published: July 2024

<p>Kesulitan belajar merupakan suatu hambatan atau gangguan yang dialami oleh siswa akibat adanya ketidakseimbangan antara kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh siswa dengan tujuan yang seharusnya dicapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa di sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif jenis studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan wawancara guru dan kepala sekolah. Upaya untuk mengetahui hambatan siswa dalam pembelajaran memerlukan beberapa teknik diagnostik kesulitan belajar yakni: (1) Identifikasi perilaku, hubungan sosial, prestasi dan latarbelakang orang tua siswa. (2) Melihat buku kegiatan sebagai acuan dalam melihat apa yang mendominasi kesulitan belajar siswa. (3) Melakukan observasi, wawancara siswa dan wali murid serta pemberian tes. (4) Memperkirakan alternatif pertolongan dengan merancang program yang akan diberikan dan cocok untuk siswa. (5) Menetapkan program yang dirasa paling cocok dan menentukan waktu pelaksanaan program tersebut. (6) Pemberian belajar tambahan pada saat jam istirahat.</p>
Mortality, Analgesic Use, and Care Requirements After Vertebral Compression Fractures
Authors: Honda Akira , Yamana Hayato , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Takasawa Eiji , Mieda Tokue , Tomomatsu Yusuke , Inomata Kazuhiro , Takakura Kenta , Tsukui Toshiki , Matsui Hiroki , Yasunaga Hideo , Chikuda Hirotaka 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) in older adults cause considerable health and socioeconomic burdens due to worsening ability to perform activities of daily living. The long-term effects of VCFs on patient outcomes, particularly prolonged analgesic use and functional decline, remain unknown. The aims of this study were to examine long-term clinical outcomes and to determine the risk factors for persistent pain and functional disability after VCFs.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study evaluated mortality, duration of analgesic use, and changes in care requirements in older adults with VCFs using claims data from a suburban prefecture in the Greater Tokyo Area. Patients were included if they were ≥65 years of age and had been diagnosed with a VCF between June 2014 and February 2019, as determined on the basis of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes; we also used claims data that could determine whether the patients underwent imaging examinations. Patients who discontinued outpatient visits within 1 month after the VCF diagnosis were excluded.

Results:
We included 18,392 patients with VCFs and a mean age of 80 years. Seventy-six percent of patients were women, and the median follow-up period was 670 days. At the index VCF diagnosis, 3,631 patients (19.7%) were care-dependent. Overall, 968 patients (5.3%) died within 1 year. Among the 8,375 patients who received analgesics, 22% required analgesics for >4 months. Factors associated with prolonged analgesic use for >1 year were female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.39 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16 to 1.65]) and VCFs in the thoracolumbar region (OR, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.50 to 2.55]) or lumbar region (OR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.23 to 2.04]) (the reference was the thoracic region). The care needs of 1,510 patients (8.2%) increased within 1 year. Patients with a preexisting care dependency had a 10 times higher risk of increased care need (30.2% [1,060 of 3,509]) than those who had been independent at the time of the index diagnosis (3.0% [450 of 14,761]) (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Individuals with preexisting care dependency were more likely to experience functional decline following VCFs than those who were independent, which underscores the need for intensive and appropriate allocation of health-care resources to care-dependent patients.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Coupled Computational and Laboratory Investigations of Interface Interactions between Binary Polymers, Hydroxypropyl Guar, and Potassium Formate for Crosslinked Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids
Authors: Zhong Cheng , Du Peng , Deng Yu , Wu Yue , He Jie 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Guar gum is an economically and environmentally important material. However, reduced rheological properties of hydroxypropyl guar (HPG) in saline conditions of potassium formate (PF) impeded its hydraulic fracturing (HF) applications. In this study, we coupled molecular dynamics simulation and bench experiments to design binary polymers that can be used to mitigate the reduced viscosity of the HPG-PF system and investigate the relevant physiochemical processes in the fluid. The modeling showed that binary polymer P(AM-AA) with acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) monomers had the highest ability to bind water molecules in the HPG-PF solution among four representative binary polymers. Multiple analyses showed that adding P(AM-AA) decreased the number of formate ions around the HPG molecules, bonded with the HPG molecule through hydrogen bonds, and mitigated the coiling of the HPG molecular chain in PF solutions. Further experiments and characterization at the macro- and microscale showed that adding P(AM-AA) indeed improved the viscosity, microrheology, viscoelasticity, and thermal tolerance [&gt;120°C (248°F)] of the HPG-PF solution (1.47 g/cm3) and its associated gel system. Our study indicates the potential application of HPG-PF-P(AM-AA) weighting crosslinked HF fluids (HFFs) for wells with stringent wellbore pressure constraints. It also highlights the significant role of binary polymers in enhancing rheological properties in gel-based crosslinked HFF and addressing complex fluid interface interactions through molecular dynamics simulations.
Burgeoning non-native species production hinders sustainable aquaculture
Authors: Oficialdegui Francisco , Soto Ismael , Balzani Paride , Cuthbert Ross , Haubrock Phillip , Kourantidou Melina , Manfrini Elena , Tarkan Ali Serhan , Kurtul Irmak , Macêdo Rafael , Musseau Camille , Roy Koushik , Kouba Antonín 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Rising global food demands have led to unprecedented aquaculture growth. Aquaculture has simultaneously become a major global pathway for biological invasions. Non-native farmed species, while highly productive, can undermine sustainability agendas because of their environmental and socio-economic damages when they escape. We analyse global non-native production among farmed species and quantify monetary biological invasion costs. Globally, one third of the 544 species used in aquaculture have been farmed in their non-native range, totalling 539 million tonnes with an economic value of USD 1.1 trillion. Algae and fishes dominated non-native production, but non-native crustacean production grew fastest (>3000% since 2000, compared to the preceding 20 years). The 25 non-native farmed species with reported monetary costs have caused up to USD 10 billion costs globally. To address the rising threats of biological invasions triggered by aquaculture escapees, a paradigm shift by enhancing biosecurity and promoting sustainable use of native resources is needed.
What is the origin of conductivity in water-poor reverse micelles?
Authors: Zemb Thomas , Dourdain Sandrine , Lopian Tobias , Dufrêche Jean-Francois , Schmidt Robert Franz , Kunz Werner 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Conductivity of water in oil microemulsions as well as reverse micelles of anionic surfactants depend on cations as charge transporters. We first use the versatile molecular system toluene/diethylhexylphosphate HxNa1−xDEHP/water to investigate the domains in the phase prism in which four molecular mechanisms of conductivity are identified. The reduced molar conductivity varies over six orders of magnitude. In the regime of “reverse micelles”, where all water in the organic phase is bound as first layer of hydration of head-groups, the dismutation mechanism, discovered by HF Eicke, dominates. In the w/o microemulsion region, we identify three more conductivity regimes occurring in different regions of the phase diagram. Beyond the dynamic and static percolation, we identify also a more elusive regime: the curvature frustration regime is characterized by a decrease in molar conductivity observed upon addition of water. This anti-percolation regime is due to curved film packing frustration that is at the origin of an increase of tortuosity. The HDEHP/toluene/water system is the first molecular system for which the four conductivity regimes can be easily observed at room temperature. We also identify the last three conductivity regimes in a microemulsion based on AOT. The single-phase inversion channel, studied as a function of temperature, is limited by Winsor II and Winsor I phase separation. In this domain, the three regimes that can be found are dynamic percolation, anti-percolation as well as static percolation. Therefore, we propose that all four different mechanisms are found in ternary w/o microemulsions containing cations as charge carriers.
The Differentiation of Proteome Analysis of Omental Adipose Tissue, Placenta and Skeletal Muscle in between Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Cantürk Zeynep , Gezer Emre , Akpınar Gürler , Kasap Murat , Çakıroğlu Ahmet Yiğit 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this study was to investigate global changes in protein profiles within omental adipose (OAT), placental (PT), and smooth muscle tissues (SMT), with the aim of identifying potential triggering or affecting biomarkers in gestational (GDM) and type 1 diabetes (T1DM) by comparing them with the control group.
Methods
Three distinct tissue sources representing the two disease groups and the control group were collected and subjected to comparative proteomic analysis. This comprehensive approach was employed to elucidate the differentially regulated proteins among the groups. Western blot analysis was used to validate the observed changes at the protein level.
Results
A total of 23 proteins exhibited common alterations, and 18 proteins displayed inverse changes in OAT, PT, and SMT among pregnant women with either GDM or T1DM compared to the control group. Among these 18 differentially expressed proteins, carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) and alpha-enolase (ENOA) differed from the others in that they were upregulated in GDM and downregulated in T1DM in the studied tissues compared with controls. Proteomic analyses highlighted alterations in the expression of CA1 protein, a shared feature across all groups.
Conclusion
Our study marks an inaugural attempt to distinguish proteomic profile changes across diverse tissues in pregnant women diagnosed with GDM and T1DM when compared to healthy controls. The findings of this study could potentially elucidate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to the development of GDM, as well as the repercussions of impaired glucose metabolism resulting from both short- and long-term hyperglycemia during pregnancy.
The effect of the surgical mask on functional exercise capacity in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Altunalan Turgay , Sancakdar Burhan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The current study focused on children with cerebral palsy (CP) and aimed to evaluate the effects of using a surgical mask during submaximal exercise on functional exercise capacity and physiological responses. This single-center observational study enrolled 20 children with CP (12 boys and eight girls) between the ages of 6 and 18 years. Participants performed 6-minute walk tests (6-MWT) with and without a surgical mask on different days. We recorded walking distance, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and respiratory rate before and immediately after the end of the 6-MWT with and without the mask. The mean walking distance was significantly (p=0.013, Cohen’s-d=0.345) shorter with the surgical mask, 254.77±77.83 and 293.57±81.27 without a mask. There were no significant differences in O2 saturation, heart rate, and respiratory rate after the 6-MWT with or without a mask. Using a surgical mask significantly reduced the walking distance by up to 13% in children with CP, with no significant changes in physiological responses.
Clinical Trial Number: We did not apply for the clinical trial number. If it is mandatory, we can apply retrospectively.
Occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from childhood diarrhoea in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Saleh Mahamat , ZANGUE RASPAIL FOUNOU , Founou Luria Leslie , Tchouangeu Flaurant Thibau , Dimani Brice Davy , Nkengkana Omer Aurelle , Mafo Lethicia Danaëlle , Chelo David , Fonkoua Marie Christine , Boum-II Yap , Gonsu Hortense , Noubom Michel , Ndombo Paul Olivier Koki , Gatsing Donatien 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogenic E. coli is a global public health issue, especially in sub-Saharan African countries such as Cameroon. It contributes to increase hospital length of stay, morbidity, mortality, and economic costs because of treatment failures. This study aims at determining the resistance and virulence profiles of ESBL-E. coli among childhood diarrhoea during the cholera outbreak in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Materials and Methods: During a four-month period from March 1st to June 30th, 2023, stool samples were collected from 90 under five children presenting clinical signs of gastroenteritis and attending four hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Bacterial identification was done using API20E and antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. After extraction, genomic DNA was subjected to conventional and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of resistance and virulence genes. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi infoTM (7.2.5.0). Statistical significance was considered at a p-value <0.05.
Results: Out of 150 patients contacted, 90 patients were enrolled, 84 samples were collected, 52.38%(44/84) and 3.57%(03/84) were confirmed as extended-spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing E. coli respectively. The risk factors were analyzed, and children who drank natural fruit juice (OR: 0.4, p-value: 0.03) were found to be significantly associated with ESBL-Ec. The ESBL-Ec isolates showed a high level of resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, colistin, and tetracycline. The blaCTX-M was more prevalent ß-lactamase resistance gene. The tetracycline resistance genes tet(A) and tet(B) were also detected. The most important virulence genes detected were FimH (81.81%) and papA (79.54%).
Conclusion: These findings suggest implementing routine surveillance and screening for antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship strategies (ASP) need to be implemented to curb the emergence and dissemination of ESBL-Ec. In addition, a national surveillance program for antimicrobial resistance needs to be implemented at local and regional levels in order to reduce morbidity in Cameroon.
Molecular differentiation between complete and incomplete responders to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer
Authors: Chong Zechen , Huang Fengyuan , McLeod M. , Irwin Regina , Smithson Mary , Yue Zongliang , Gao Min , Hardiman Karin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, but only 20–40% of patients completely respond to this treatment.
Methods
To define the molecular features that are associated with response to nCRT, we generated and collected genomic and transcriptomic data from 712 cancers prior to treatment from our own data and from publicly available data.
Results
We found that patients with a complete response have decreased risk of both local recurrence and future metastasis. We identified multiple differences in DNA mutations and transcripts between complete and incomplete responders. Complete responder tumors have a higher tumor mutation burden and more significant co-occurring mutations than the incomplete responder tumors. In addition, mutations in DNA repair genes (across multiple mechanisms of repair) were enriched in complete responders and they also had lower expression of these genes indicating that defective DNA repair is associated with complete response to nCRT. Using logistic regression, we identified three significant predictors of complete response: tumor size, mutations within specific network genes, and the existence of three or more specific co-occurrent mutations. In incompletely responder tumors, abnormal cell-cell interaction and increased cancer associated fibroblasts were associated with recurrence. Additionally, gene expression analysis identified a subset of immune hot tumors with worse outcomes and upregulated of immune checkpoint proteins.
Conclusions
Overall, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular features associated with response to nCRT and the molecular differences in non-responder tumors that later reoccur. This knowledge may provide critical insight for the development of precision therapy for rectal cancer.