bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of fetal cardiomyopathy in early‐stage twin–twin transfusion syndrome: comparison between commonly reported cardiovascular assessment scores
Authors: Villa C. R. , Habli M. , Votava‐Smith J. K. , Cnota J. F. , Lim F.‐Y. , Divanovic A. A. , Wang Y. , Michelfelder E. C. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess the relationship between commonly reported fetal cardiomyopathy scoring systems in early‐stage twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).MethodsWe reviewed retrospectively 100 cases of Quintero Stages I and II TTTS referred to our center for evaluation from 2008 to 2010. The cases were divided into groups of 25, representing each of four grades of TTTS cardiomyopathy as assessed by Cincinnati stage: no cardiomyopathy, Stage IIIa, Stage IIIb and Stage IIIc. Spearman correlation (rs) was calculated between the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) score, cardiovascular profile score (CVPS), Cincinnati stage and myocardial performance index (MPI).ResultsThere was a weak correlation between the Cincinnati stage and the CHOP score (rs = 0.36) and CVPS (rs = −0.39), while correlation was strong between the CHOP score and CVPS (rs = −0.72). MPI elevation was concordant with Cincinnati stage more frequently (82% of cases) than were ventricular hypertrophy (43%) or atrioventricular valve regurgitation (28%). 51% of fetuses with minimally elevated CHOP score (0–1) and 48% of fetuses with minimally depressed CVPS (9–10) had significant elevation (Z‐score ≥ +3) in right ventricular or left ventricular MPI.ConclusionsMPI has a strong influence on grading the severity of fetal cardiomyopathy using the Cincinnati stage among fetuses with mild TTTS. Furthermore, significant elevation of the MPI is common among fetuses with mild disease as assessed by the CHOP score and CVPS. These differences should be understood when assessing and grading cardiomyopathy in TTTS, particularly in early (Quintero Stages I and II) disease. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Reliability of assessing the coronal curvature of children with scoliosis by using ultrasound images
Authors: Chen Wei , Lou Edmond H. M. , Zhang Phoebe Q. , Le Lawrence H. , Hill Doug 
Published: October 2013

Purpose To investigate the intra- and inter-observer reliability of the coronal curvature asymmetry of children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using the center of lamina (COL) method on ultrasound (US) images. Methods A cadaver spinal column phantom which was manipulated to present 30 scoliotic curves of varying severity of scoliotic deformities was scanned using both the US and laser scanner (LS) systems. Three observers of varying experience and skill measured the coronal curvature using the Cobb method on the LS images and the COL method on the US images. All of the measurements were performed twice, with a 1-week interval to reduce memory bias. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), the mean absolute differences (MAD), and the error index (EI) were calculated to determine the agreement on selecting the end vertebrae. In addition, five AIS subjects were scanned using the US system. One observer measured the coronal curvature on the US images twice, and the measurements were compared with the Cobb angle reported in the clinical records. Results In the phantom study, the COL method showed high intra- and inter-observer reliabilities, with all ICC values >0.88. The maximum MAD of the COL measurements between different sessions among all observers was <4.1°. The EI values of the US method had similar end-vertebra selections as the LS method. The results of the pilot study showed a high intra-reliability for the US measurements. The measured difference between the Cobb and COL methods was 0.7° ± 0.5°. Conclusions The COL method using US images appears to be a very reliable method for measuring the coronal curvature in AIS without the need to expose the patient to radiation.
Revisiting Agathocles
Authors: Kahn Victoria 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis article traces Machiavelli's indebtedness to Sallust in his discussion of Agathocles the Sicilian in chapter 9 of The Prince. In distinguishing between virtù and glory, Machiavelli was influenced by Sallust's discussion of Catiline and Caesar, and of true and false glory, in the Bellum Catilinae. Writing to Caesar at the height of his power, Sallust needed to negotiate a delicate political situation that was in some ways analogous to Machiavelli's own difficult position vis-à-vis the Medici. Just as, in addressing Caesar, Sallust points up the difference between Caesar as he was and as he might have been, so in the example of Agathocles Machiavelli presents the Medici with a choice between mere virtù and the glory achieved by the really excellent men. It was the prospect of this glory that Machiavelli held out to the Medici in the concluding chapter of The Prince.
Machiavelli and the Republican Conception of Providence
Authors: Vatter Miguel 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMachiavelli often seems to advocate a conception of religion as an instrument of political rule. But in the concluding chapter ofThe PrinceMachiavelli adopts a messianic rhetoric in which politics becomes an instrument of divine providence. Since the political project at stake inThe Prince, especially in this last chapter runs against both the interests and the ideology of the Catholic Church in Italy, some commentators have argued that Machiavelli appeals to providence merely in order to fool the Church and the Medici. This article argues that it is not necessary to appeal to such exoteric readings of the 26thchapter ofThe Princeif one envisages the possibility that Machiavelli may have drawn upon an alternative, non-Christian conception of divine providence coming from medieval Arabic and Jewish sources that is more compatible with his desire to return to Roman republican principles than is the Christian conception of divine providence.
Notes upon late Anatolian Art
Authors: Crowfoot J. W. 
Published: October 2013

Phrygia is remarkable for the variety (and number) of its funeral monuments: in one place the sarcophagus, in another the altar, in a third the stele. The last named was fashionable in the land of the Praipenissians, whose ancient centre was Soa in the neighbourhood of Altyn Tash. The Phrygian stele was often of considerable size, six feet or more in height, and fixed upright in the ground or in a socket by a wedge-like tongue, which still remains in some cases.The central field is filled sometimes by figures of the deceased, often more than life-size, never by ridiculous little dolls such as are found further east. The place of the figures is sometimes taken by a door: in this case the busts of the departed are occasionally sculptured in an arch-shaped pediment above (cf. Texier, Description de I'Asie Mineure, Pls. 38, 51). Otherwise the pediment is filled by various symbolic or decorative subjects—two lions with a prostrate bull or merely its head between them, an eagle with wings “displayed,” dolphins with small fishes in their mouths, and in one case Herakles and Cerberus.
Excavations in Melos, 1899: C. The Pottery
Authors: Edgar C.C. 
Published: October 2013

In a report which appeared in the last number of the British School Annual I gave a short description, in chronological order, of the main classes of pottery found at Phylakopi, and tried to indicate their place in the history of Aegean art. I shall not attempt in the present paper to write a fuller and more accurate account on the same lines. The proper place for that will be in the final publication. All I propose to do now is to make a few desultory notes of a general character on the finds of this last season.The supply of pottery was as abundant this year as ever. To give an idea of how closely the soil is packed with it, I find on a rough calculation that an average day's work yielded somewhere between ten thousand and twenty thousand fragments. The experience gained in the preceding season made this large daily harvest much more easy to deal with.
Notes from Karpathos
Authors: Dawkins R. M. 
Published: October 2013

These notes are for the most part devoted to questions of phonetics, dealing more with Lautlehre than with Formenlehre, and do not pretend to give a complete account of the dialect. I have thought this side of the subject most worth developing, because it is that which native collectors, excellent from the sides of lexicography and literature, are apt to neglect.The dialect of Karpathos belongs to the south-eastern or south-Sporadic group of modern Greek dialects, which extends over Cyprus, Rhodes, Kos, Kalymnos, and other islands as far north as Chios. Its connexion with Cretan has also been recognized.
I.—Excavations At Sparta, 1907: §10.—Inscriptions
Authors: Tod Marcus Niebuhr , Tillyard H. J. W. , Woodward A. M. 
Published: October 2013

The beginning of Damonon's votive slab, which was found by Leake in the Monastery of the Holy Forty ("Αγιοι Τεσσαράκοντα or Σαράντα) and is now in the Sparta Museum, is one of the best known and oftenest discussed of early Laconian inscriptions.The following are the chief references. Leake, Travels in the Morea, ii. 521 and Plate 71 (end of vol. iii.). A better copy, Dressel and Milchhöfer, Ath. Mitt. ii. 318. Facsimile in Roehl, I.G.A. 79 and Imagines2x. n. 16, p. 28 ; Fick, Bezz. Beiträdge, iii. 121 ff.; Collitz-Bechtel, iii. 4416 ; Roberts, Introd. to Gk. Epigr. i. n. 264 ; Tod, Sparta Mus. Cat. n. 440. (Other references, none of them of much importance, are given by Tod and Roehl, ll. c.)
Bithynica
Authors: Hasluck F. W. 
Published: October 2013

The following notes are the results of several journeys in the district between Brusa and Mihallitch, which, in spite of its accessibility, is archaeologically ill known.they deal with:—1. The Byzantine Churches of Triglia and Syge.2. The Byzantine fortresses: Caesarea Germanice, Katoikia, Koubouklia.3. Besbicus-Kalolimno.4. Inscriptions.
Excavations at Rhitsóna in Boeotia
Authors: Burrows R. M. , Ure P. N. 
Published: October 2013

The excavations described in the following article were undertaken partly in the early autumn of 1907, partly in the spring of 1908. Graves 1 to 22 were discovered in the autumn, the remainder in the spring. Autumn and spring finds will be treated together, as representing one season's work. Further excavation was undertaken on the site in the spring of 1909.The chief importance of the Rhitsóna graves does not lie in the value of the individual vases, interesting as some of them are, but rather in the simple fact that for the first time in the history of Boeotian grave digging every vase from each grave opened has been preserved, and the full contents of each grave kept carefully separate.
The Latest Discoveries at Hissarlik
Authors: Bosanquet R. Carr 
Published: October 2013

The Annual Inselreise of the German Archæological Institute at Athens was this year extended to the coast of Asia Minor, so as to include Assos and the Troad. For the first time Dr. Döorpfeld had an opportunity of expounding to an audience of his colleagues the remarkable discoveries made during his two last seasons at Hissarlik.The object of the Island Tour is to visit in the course of a few days a number of sites on the Greek coast or islands, which are otherwise difficult of access—Rhamnus, Eretria, Oropos, Delos, and others. The hospitality of the Institute finds room on board its steamer for scholars and travellers from all parts of Europe. The party of fifty on board the Ἔλπις spoke nine or ten different languages, and included representatives from the four Athenian Schools of Archæological, architects, artists, schoolmasters, and numerous professors.
An Unpublished Attic Decree
Authors: Tod Marcus Niebuhr 
Published: October 2013

The following decree is inscribed upon the lower part of a stele of bluish (Hymettus) marble, broken at the top and on the left: the break across the top is too regular to have been accidental, and it is evident that the slab has been cut in order to be built into some wall. The stone was found in 1897 among the ruins of the Byzantine chapel which stands on the left of the road from Athens to Marathon, between the tenth and eleventh kilometre stones, and 300 yards west of the point called Σταυρός where the Laurion road strikes off towards the south: it was presented to the British School at Athens, and is now in the museum of the Macmillan Hostel.A record upon stone was not of the essence of a decree, and it is almost certain that the majority of decrees were never so inscribed at all, but merely painted upon a panel (λεύκωμα) which was then exhibited for a certain length of time. Where, however, a more permanent display was desired, a clause was inserted in the decree authorizing its inscription upon a stone (or, rarely, metal) stele, and determining the place where it was to be set up. To praise a benefactor of the state, whether citizen or foreigner, and to bestow on him a crown was indeed an honour, but that honour was increased when a record of the service rendered and of the state's acknowledgment of it was set up on the Acropolis as a permanent memorial.
Cretan Kernoi
Authors: Xanthoudides Stephanos 
Published: October 2013

It is only recently that the ritual object κέρνος or κέρχνος described by Athenaeus has been discovered, recognized, and explained by the labours of Philios, Kourouniotes, and Rubensohn. It was a clay vessel, to which were attached a number of small cups containing various grains and liquids, offered as first fruits of the harvest, especially in the Eleusinian worship, to the divinity. It was carried in procession on the head of the priestess (κερνοφορεῖν, κερνοφορία) to the accompaniment of ritual dancing (κερνοφόρον ὄρχημα) Besides the grains, the liquids and the unwashed wool, in the central bowl of the kernos was placed the παλάθιον upon which was set a lighted lamp or candle.There is thus no doubt about the form and use of the kernos of the Greek period. But its existence and use have been traced also to the prehistoric period by Mr. Bosanquet, who has described similar Pre-Mycenaean vessels found many years ago in Melos, and now preserved in various European museums. He has also described and explained as a kernos another vessel consisting of three small vases, found in a tomb at στὸν Κάπρο near Phylakopi in Melos, and belonging to the so-called Cycladic (Early Minoan) period, and also in the excavations of the British School at Phylakopi prehistoric kernoi were found. Further, Mr. Dawkins considers that forty-four conical cups, which he found broken off some such complex vessels, together with idols and other ritual objects, in a Minoan house at Palaikastro in Crete, belonged to kernoi.
Inscriptions from Bizye
Authors: Dawkins R. M. , Hasluck F. W. 
Published: October 2013

During a visit to Bizye (modern Viza) in February 1906, I gathered the inscriptions which are here published. Mr. Hasluck has supplied the initialled notes and restorations, and I am responsible for the texts only.R.M.D.Viza lies seventy miles to the north-west of Constantinople, and twenty miles to the west of the Black Sea. It was the seat of the chiefs of the Astai (whence ᾿Αστική as a subdivision of Thrace), and afterwards of the Thracian kings whose relationships are discussed below.
Notes on Manuscripts in the British Museum relating to Levant Geography and Travel
Authors: Hasluck F. W. 
Published: October 2013

A not unprofitable search among the manuscripts of the British Museum for travellers' accounts of Cyzicus and its neighbourhood, has persuaded me that an annotated list of those manuscripts which deal with Levantine geography may be a useful contribution to the bibliography of travel. It is needless to say that this paper has no palaeographical pretensions; such points as the dates of handwriting have been for the most part supplied me by Mr. J. A. Herbert, to whom I am also indebted for much other assistance.The MSS. I have examined fall generally into one of three rough classes:—(1) Isolarii and accounts of individual Aegean islands.(2) Voyages and travels to Constantinople.(3) Travels in Asia Minor.
The Excavations at Phylakopi in Melos, 1911: § 5.—Melos and the Mainland
Authors: Dawkins R. M. , Droop J.P. 
Published: October 2013

A small quantity of the ware generally called Urfirniss was found lying on the rock, chiefly in the south-eastern part of the excavation, that is to say in rooms 1 and 2. From its position it would seem to belong to the earlier part of the First City, although the extreme scarceness, in the deposit, of the incised fabrics, warns us against a too early date. It was so much broken that nothing can be said of the shapes, but the characteristic coating of reddish-brown slightly lustrous paint was quite recognisable. It is of some importance as an early link with the mainland, as similar pottery has recently been found in great abundance in the lowest stratum at Tiryns by the German excavators, who consider that this Tirynthian Urfirniss is allied to early Cycladic pottery. These Melian pieces may well be of Cycladic origin, and an instance of this connexion.Work carried out in the course of the last ten years on prehistoric sites has given an interest to another class of pottery which it did not yet possess when Phylakopi was first excavated. Thus it came about that only ten lines, and that in the section devoted to ‘odds and ends,’ were given to the very considerable finds of that ware to which Schliemann gave the name of Minyan. This name will be used here without any discussion of its propriety; it is convenient and has been generally adopted. This much may be said for it; so much of this pottery has been found at Orchomenos and in the neighbourhood of Drachmani (Elatea) that it is reasonable to believe that it was made in Boiotia and Phokis.
The Quota-List of the Year 427–6 B.C.
Authors: Woodward A. M. 
Published: October 2013

Not the least interesting of Professor A. Wilhelm's new discoveries in connection with the well-known Attic Quota-lists published in his recent brilliant paper, is that of a small fragment identified by him as belonging to I.G. i. 266, which solves finally the much-vexed question of the restoration of one of the rubrics or headings in that inscription. The stone in question, which is complete on the right-hand side alone, contains in ll. 9, 10 the following letters:βολὲ καὶ Һοι πεντακόσιο[ι]α]χσαν (vacat)The restoration given by Kirchhoff in the Corpus is (transliterating letter for letter from the stone):[Πόλες Һὰς Һε] βολὲ καὶ Һοι πεντακόιο[ι][- - -ἔτα]χσαν.
Health care professionals' perspectives of living and dying with primary malignant glioma: Implications for a unique cancer trajectory
Authors: Philip Jennifer , Collins Anna , Brand Caroline A. , Gold Michelle , Moore Gaye , Sundararajan Vijaya , Murphy Michael A. , Lethborg Carrie 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectives:Health care professionals (HCPs) caring for people with primary malignant glioma (PMG) and their carers see many of the profound challenges facing this group, yet their perspectives are not documented. This study aimed to understand and document the unique perspective of HCPs in relation to the supportive and palliative care needs of patients with PMG and their carers, with a view to developing a model of care.Methods:Qualitative study involving semi-structured focus groups and interviews with 35 medical, nursing and allied health staff actively engaged in providing care for this patient group. Purposive and theoretical sampling from two major metropolitan hospitals and one community palliative care service in Australia was utilised to seek perspectives from a variety of disciplines and health care settings. Thematic analysis was conducted by three independent researchers, using a constant comparative method influenced by grounded theory.Results:Key themes relating to the needs of people with PMG which were apparent from the HCPs included: The difference in the illness course of glioma compared to other cancers; Limitations of current medical care; Challenges in balancing hope with reality of the illness; and Recommendations to improve care, including recognising the role of family and moving from a model where services are offered in response to demonstrated needs.Significance of the results:Current models of care based upon the classic cancer trajectory are unresponsive to the needs of people with PMG. Care may be enhanced by moving towards a proactive approach, extending the goals of care beyond medical needs and broadening the focus of care to include family needs.
Assessing medical decision making capacity among cancer patients: Preliminary clinical experience of using a competency assessment instrument
Authors: Akechi Tatsuo , Okuyama Toru , Uchida Megumi , Sugano Koji , Kubota Yosuke , Ito Yoshinori , Sakamoto Nobuhiro , Kizawa Yoshiyuki 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObject:This study investigates the usefulness of the Structured Interview for Competency and Incompetency Assessment Testing and Ranking Inventory (SICIATRI) for cancer patients, which is a structured interview that assesses a patient's competency in clinical practice.Methods:The SICIATRI, originally developed to measure patients' competency to give informed consent, were administered referred cancer patients who needed for assessing medical decision making capacity. The usefulness of the SICIATRI was investigated retrospectively. Recommendation for modification of the SICIATRI for cancer patients if applicable were made by the research team.Results:Among the 433 cancer patients referred for psychiatric consultation, 12 were administered the SICIATRI and all of the administration were conducted without big problems. All patients were 60 years or older. The most common purpose for competency evaluation was to analyze patients' understanding of the anti-cancer treatment proposed by oncologists, followed by their refusal of the treatment. Half of the patients (n = 6) were diagnosed with delirium and three among them were judged as having the most impaired status of a patient's competency. Two patients (17%) were diagnosed with major depression and another two (17%) were mental retardation and each one patient was diagnosed with dementia and past history of alcohol dependence. Among 6 patients without delirium 5 subjects including a dementia patient were judged as fully competent. Total of 5 small potential modifications of the SICIATRI for its use with Japanese cancer patients were recommended.Significance of results:Our experience suggests that the SICIATRI is a useful instrument for psycho-oncology clinical practice.