bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflector with designed EBG cells for ultrawideband antenna performance improvement
Authors: Huang Hui‐Fen , Zhang Shao‐Fang 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, a frequency selective surface (FSS) cell is proposed. The band stop frequency performance is compared between the two and four layer FSS structure with the proposed cells. The four‐layer structure has the same low frequency as the two‐layer structure, but the four‐layer structure has 3.6 GHz wider stop band in high frequency. Then, a reflector with the proposed EBG cells for ultrawideband antenna is developed. The performance for the reference antenna with and without the proposed reflector was compared, the average improvement of the front‐to‐back ratio of the UWB antenna with designed FSS reflector is 15 dB from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz and the peak even can get to 30 dB at 5 GHz. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2541–2544, 2013
RF characterization of 100‐nm separate gate InAlAs/InGaAs DG‐HEMT
Authors: Parveen  , Gupta Mridula , Gupta R. S. , Jogi Jyotika 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThis article presents a three port analysis for separate gate In0.52Al0.48As/In0.53Ga0.47As DG‐HEMT and a small signal equivalent circuit is developed using charge control model. The various intrinsic short circuit admittance parameters (Y‐parameters) are evaluated to extract scattering parameters, to determine the maximum transducer power gain of the device. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2796–2803, 2013
Development of slot array antenna using a multiresonant SIW cavity
Authors: Ali Razavi Seyed , Neshati Mohammad H. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTA novel type of slot array antennas is presented in this article. The antenna 3‐dB beam could be steered in a wide angular region, including broadside, by discrete changing of the frequency. The idea is based on radiation by different cavity modes. The proposed antenna is designed and implemented using substrate integrated waveguide technology. Grounded coplanar waveguide is used as the feed to excite different cavity modes. A single layer of low‐cost printed circuit board is used for the designed antenna providing low cost, light weight, and easy integration with planar circuits. The designed antenna is fabricated and its radiation characteristics are measured. Measured results are in good agreement with those obtained by numerical investigation. The antenna provides high‐gain narrow beam in addition to the advantages of compactness and simplicity of design which make it suitable in radar and satellite communications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2763–2767, 2013
An UWB diversity antenna array with a novel H‐type decoupling structure
Authors: Gogosh Nayab , Shafique M. Farhan , Saleem Rashid , Usman Imran , Faiz A. M. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThis research work addresses the problem of mutual coupling between the antenna elements for ultra wideband diversity applications. A novel H‐type decoupling structure has been proposed which successfully suppresses the mutual coupling by 7 to 10 dB as compared to the nondecoupled radiating elements. The decoupling structure has been tested for shared and isolated ground planes. The isolation between the antennas was measured to be more than 25 dB in most of the band. The feasibility of the proposed structure in diversity applications has been analyzed by measuring the envelope correlation coefficient which was found out to be less than −30 dB. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2715–2720, 2013
TWEAK transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor mediates renal inflammation
Authors: Rayego‐Mateos Sandra , Morgado‐Pascual Jose Luis , Sanz Ana Belen , Ramos Adrian Mario , Eguchi Satoru , Batlle Daniel , Pato Janos , Keri Gyorgy , Egido Jesus , Ortiz Alberto , Ruiz‐Ortega Marta 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTWEAK, a member of the TNF superfamily, binds to the Fn14 receptor, eliciting biological responses. EGFR signalling is involved in experimental renal injury. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between TWEAK and EGFR in the kidney. Systemic TWEAK administration into C57BL/6 mice increased renal EGFR phosphorylation, mainly in tubular epithelial cells. In vitro, in these cells TWEAK phosphorylated EGFR via Fn14 binding, ADAM17 activation and subsequent release of the EGFR ligands HB‐EGF and TGFα. In vivo the EGFR kinase inhibitor Erlotinib inhibited TWEAK‐induced renal EGFR activation and downstream signalling, including ERK activation, up‐regulation of proinflammatory factors and inflammatory cell infiltration. Moreover, the ADAM17 inhibitor WTACE‐2 also prevented those TWEAK‐induced renal effects. In vitro TWEAK induction of proinflammatory factors was prevented by EGFR, ERK or ADAM17 inhibition. In contrast, EGFR transactivation did not modify TWEAK‐mediated NF‐κB activation. Our data suggest that TWEAK transactivates EGFR in the kidney, leading to modulation of downstream effects, including ERK activation and inflammation, and suggest that inhibition of EGFR signalling could be a novel therapeutic tool for renal inflammation. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An approach to the measurement of shunt resistance of individual subcells in thin‐film tandem devices
Authors: Daliento Santolo , d'Alessandro Vincenzo , Guerriero Pierluigi , Tari Orlando 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the selective illumination approach is adopted to separately extract the shunt resistance of the individual subcells belonging to a tandem cell. The method relies on simple theoretical considerations and is based on the measurement of the current–voltage characteristic of the tandem cell by alternately keeping one of the subcells under dark conditions. Numerical simulations are employed to support the reliability of the technique, which is experimentally tested on micromorph devices deposited onto glass covered by a V‐shaped transparent conducting oxide and subject to different thermal treatments. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Obstructive sleep apnea in infancy: A 7‐year experience at a pediatric sleep center
Authors: Ramgopal Sriram , Kothare Sanjeev V. , Rana Mandeep , Singh Kanwaljit , Khatwa Umakanth 
Published: August 2013

SummaryPurposeTo investigate the common indications for polysomnogram (PSG) associated co‐morbid conditions, evaluation strategies, treatment options, and outcomes in a series of infants diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by a PSG.MethodsRetrospective chart review of infants who underwent PSG over a 7‐year period was done. Infants with PSG diagnosed OSA were included in this study.ResultsA total of 97 infants (59 males, mean age 4.6 months, standard deviation 3.3 months) were diagnosed with OSA (AHI ≥ 1/hr) based on PSG. The most common indication for PSG in infants were excessive snoring (53%) followed by nocturnal desaturations (24%). Associated co‐morbid conditions included gastro‐esophageal reflux (30%), laryngomalacia (24%), and craniofacial abnormalities (16%). Genetic abnormalities were found in 53%, of which trisomy 21 was the most common. Surgical treatments were employed in 36% and oxygen therapy in 15%. Thirty‐eight patients were followed up with a repeat sleep study after a median interval of 8 months (range 1–24 months), of whom 26/38 had resolution of symptoms. Twenty‐seven patients (28%) were followed clinically after a mean interval of 5 months of intervention (range, 1–34.5 months), in whom the symptoms resolved in 23/27 patients. Seven patients were deceased at review. Causes of death included status epilepticus, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, kidney failure, or unknown causes.ConclusionThe etiologies of OSA in infants are different when compared to older children. PSG is feasible and a valuable tool in the diagnosis of OSA in infants and may help determine timely and appropriate evaluation and interventions. Clinical improvement in symptoms and resolution of PSG parameters were noted following medical and/or surgical interventions. Prospective studies need to be done to ascertain the long‐term outcome of infants diagnosed with OSA to assess the benefits of early intervention on their neurocognitive development. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:554–560. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
To fuse or not to fuse: What is your purpose?
Authors: Bell Mark R. , Engleka Mark J. , Malik Asim , Strickler James E. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSince the dawn of time, or at least the dawn of recombinant DNA technology (which for many of today's scientists is the same thing), investigators have been cloning and expressing heterologous proteins in a variety of different cells for a variety of different reasons. These range from cell biological studies looking at protein‐protein interactions, post‐translational modifications, and regulation, to laboratory‐scale production in support of biochemical, biophysical, and structural studies, to large scale production of potential biotherapeutics. In parallel, fusion‐tag technology has grown‐up to facilitate microscale purification (pull‐downs), protein visualization (epitope tags), enhanced expression and solubility (protein partners, e.g., GST, MBP, TRX, and SUMO), and generic purification (e.g., His‐tags, streptag, and FLAG™‐tag). Frequently, these latter two goals are combined in a single fusion partner. In this review, we examine the most commonly used fusion methodologies from the perspective of the ultimate use of the tagged protein. That is, what are the most commonly used fusion partners for pull‐downs, for structural studies, for production of active proteins, or for large‐scale purification? What are the advantages and limitations of each? This review is not meant to be exhaustive and the approach undoubtedly reflects the experiences and interests of the authors. For the sake of brevity, we have largely ignored epitope tags although they receive wide use in cell biology for immunopreciptation.
Mechanistic investigation of domain specific unfolding of human serum albumin and the effect of sucrose
Authors: Yadav Rajeev , Sen Pratik 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis study is devoted to understand the unfolding mechanism of a multidomain protein, human serum albumin (HSA), in absence and presence of the sucrose by steady‐state and time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopy with domain specific marker molecules and is further being substantiated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In water, the domain III of HSA found to unfold first followed by domains I and II as the concentration of GnHCl is increased in the medium. The sequential unfolding behavior of different domains of HSA remains same in presence of sucrose; however, a higher GnHCl concentration is required for unfolding, suggesting stabilizing effect of sucrose on HSA. Domain I is found to be most stabilized by sucrose. The stabilization of domain II is somewhat similar to domain I, but the effect of sucrose on domain III is found to be very small. MD simulation also predicted a similar behavior of sucrose on HSA. The stabilizing effect of sucrose is explained in terms of the entrapment of water molecules in between HSA surface and sucrose layer as well as direct interaction between HSA and sucrose.
Plateau effect of prostate cancer risk‐associated SNPs in discriminating prostate biopsy outcomes
Authors: Ren Shancheng , Xu Jianfeng , Zhou Tie , Jiang Haowen , Chen Haitao , Liu Fang , Na Rong , Zhang Limin , Wu Yishuo , Sun Jielin , Yang Bo , Gao Xu , Zheng S. Lilly , Xu Chuanliang , Ding Qiang , Sun Yinghao 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDAdditional prostate cancer (PCa) risk‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) continue to be identified. It is unclear whether addition of newly identified SNPs improves the discriminative performance of biopsy outcomes over previously established SNPs.METHODSA total of 667 consecutive patients that underwent prostate biopsy for detection of PCa at Huashan Hospital and Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China were recruited. Genetic scores were calculated for each patient using various combinations of 29 PCa risk‐associated SNPs. Performance of these genetic scores for discriminating prostate biopsy outcomes were compared using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).RESULTSThe discriminative performance of genetic score derived from a panel of all 29 SNPs (24 previous and 5 new) was similar to that derived from the 24 previously established SNPs, the AUC of which were 0.60 and 0.61, respectively (P = 0.72). When SNPs with the strongest effect on PCa risk (ranked based on contribution to the total genetic variance from an external study) were sequentially added to the models for calculating genetic score, the AUC gradually increased and peaked at 0.62 with the top 13 strongest SNPs. Under the 13‐SNP model, the PCa detection rate was 21.52%, 36.74%, and 51.98%, respectively for men with low (<0.5), intermediate (0.5–1.5), and high (>1.5) genetic score, P‐trend = 9.91 × 10−6.CONCLUSIONGenetic score based on PCa risk‐associated SNPs implicated to date is a significant predictor of biopsy outcome. Additional small‐effect PCa risk‐associated SNPs to be discovered in the future are unlikely to further improve predictive performance. Prostate 73:1824–1835, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A 2‐D continuum model of a mixture of bone tissue and bio‐resorbable material for simulating mass density redistribution under load slowly variable in time
Authors: Andreaus U. , Giorgio I. , Lekszycki T. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe bio‐mechanical phenomena occurring in bones grafted with the inclusion of artificial materials demand the formulation of mathematical models which are refined enough to describe their not trivial behavior. A 3D theoretical model, previously developed and used in 1D space, is employed to investigate and explain possible effects resulting from 2D interactions, which may not be present in 1D case so more realistic situations are approached and discussed. The enhanced model was used to numerically analyze the physiological balance between the processes of bone apposition and resorption and material resorption in a bone sample under plain stress state. The specimen was constituted by a portion of bone living tissue and one of bio‐resorbable material and was acted by an in‐plane loading condition. The signal intensity between sensor cells and actor cells was assumed to decrease exponentially with their distance; the effects of adopting two different laws, namely an absolute and a quadratic functions, were compared. Ranges of load magnitudes were identified within which physiological states are established. A parametric analysis was carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of the model to changes of some critical quantities within physiological ranges, namely resorption rate of bio‐material, load level and homeostatic strain. In particular the spatial distribution of mass densities of bone tissue and of resorbable bio‐material and their time evolution were considered in order to analyze the biological effects due to the parameter's changes. Synthetically, these biological effects can be associated to different ratios between bone and bio‐material densities at the end of the process and to different delays in the bone growth and material resorption. These numerical analyses allowed for finding the most desirable situations in which a gradual resorption of the artificial graft occurs together with the simultaneous formation of new bone, finally leading to an almost complete substitution of the bio‐resorbable material with living tissue.
Discussing the Study of High Tc Properties of Superconductors with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectrometers
Authors: Shaltiel D. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This work discusses investigations of properties of superconductors with the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometers. A significant number of articles were published on this subject. Many authors have tried to explain results derived when applying the (ESR) spectrometers to investigate the properties of superconductors. We show that, except for a single publication, most have missed a very important issue, namely, that it is not possible to study superconducting properties with the electron spin resonance spectrometers unless the mechanism that induces the ESR signals is understood. None of the authors were aware that the mechanisms that induce ESR signals in superconductors must be different than the ESR mechanism that induces signals in compounds that holds spins. Explanations that describe this issue are presented.
Recovery of Saponins from Jua (Ziziphus joazeiro) by Micellar Extraction and Cloud Point Preconcentration
Authors: Ribeiro Bernardo Dias , Barreto Daniel Weingart , Coelho Maria Alice Zarur 
Published: August 2013

AbstractJuá (Ziziphus joazeiro) is a Brazilian plant and its bark has been used as a detergent and phytotherapic due to its high saponin content (2–10 %). Saponins are triterpenic glycosides with some properties that aid their use in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The object of the present work was to develop an extraction and concentration process of saponins from jua bark, using green solvents such as water and ethanol. Firstly, the extraction conditions optimization was carried out using a central composite design, and compared with other methods such as Soxhlet, ultrasound‐assisted extraction and micellar extraction. Then, cloud point preconcentration was tested to select the salt type and its concentration which promotes a higher concentration factor and partition coefficient at room temperature. Finally, the removal of a t‐octyl phenol ethoxylate (9–10 EO) nonionic surfactant by adsorption was evaluated by optimizing the adsorbent type and its concentration, temperature and time of adsorption, in addition to the adsorbent recycling. Orbital shaker extraction leads to a recovery of 45.6 % saponins under the following conditions: temperature, 38.8 °C; jua/solvent ratio, 0.272; stirring speed, 300 rpm; extraction time, 2 h. Under these conditions, saponins recovery reached 90.8 % when using 15 % v/v of the nonionic surfactant, and a preconcentration factor of 14.2 was obtained by adding sodium carbonate 20 % w/v. The preconcentration factor decreased to a value of 10.1, after nonionic surfactant removal by a hydrophobic crosslinked polystyrene copolymer resin.
The Personal and Professional Impact of the Future of Nursing Report
Authors: Chard Robin 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPerioperative nurses can apply the four key messages outlined in the Institute of Medicine report The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health from personal and professional perspectives. Advocating to remove barriers to practice and educating the public about the perioperative nurse's role can help nurses practice to the full extent of their education and training. Nurses can achieve higher levels of education and training by taking advantage of new educational opportunities that offer a more seamless progression to an advanced degree. To act as full partners with other health professionals, nurses can participate in interdisciplinary teams and implement evidence‐based practice, and they can contribute to effective workforce planning and policy making by helping to collect and analyze data that will improve practice environments. The key messages of the report address all nurses, whether they are direct care providers, advanced practice RNs, educators, or administrators.
Partnering to Lead Change: Nurses' Role in the Redesign of Health Care
Authors: Strech Scott , Wyatt David A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractHealth care has a long‐held perception of perioperative nurses as providers who advocate for patients and who carry out physician orders. According to the Institute of Medicine's 2010 report on the future of nursing, not only must that view evolve, but nurses also must play a leading role, in partnership with physicians and other health care colleagues, if health care reform is to succeed. Several factors will prepare nurses for this new role of partnering to advance health, including advancing their formal education, developing leadership as a core competency, acquiring leadership skills, and being active in new models of leadership (ie, mentorship, volunteering, advocacy).
Native iron in the sediments of Lake Baikal (borehole BDP-98): results of thermomagnetic analysis
Authors: Pechersky D.M. , Gil’manova D.M. , Ivanov E.V. , Kuz’min M.I. , Markov G.P. , Nurgaliev D.K. , Tsel’movich V.A. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
We performed a thermomagnetic analysis of 91 samples and a probe microanalysis of five samples of sedimentary rocks from the lower zone of the borehole BDP-98 drilled at the bottom of Lake Baikal. The results show the scarcity of native iron: It was found only in five samples. Its concentration varies from ∼10–5 to 7 × 10–4%. The distribution of native iron by content is bimodal, with a distinct “zero” mode. This scarcity of native iron in the Baikal sediments distinguishes them from continental (Eurasia) and oceanic (Atlantic) sediments of different ages. It is due to the high rate of sedimentation in the studied interval of BDP-98.
Topography formation as an element of lithospheric self-organization
Authors: Goryainov P.M. , Ivanyuk G.Yu. , Kalashnikov A.O. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In geologic objects of different characters and extents, the fractal properties of topography are related to the intensity of endogenic energy flows and the composition of geologic complexes. A good correlation between the topographic differentiation of the Khibiny pluton and the variables of different levels of its structural and compositional organization (mineral and chemical compositions of the rocks and minerals, rock texture, etc.) suggests that topography formation is an element of the self-organization of the Khibiny pluton. Analysis of the fractal dimension of topography in the Khibiny pluton, Primorye, and detailed areas in Transbaikalia revealed a coincidence of its maxima with the position of ore clusters, fields, and deposits, i.e., areas with the contents of elements significantly higher than their clarkes. All the above data suggest that the fractal properties of topography can be used as a prospecting criterio.
Seismic inhomogeneities in the upper mantle beneath the Siberian craton (Meteorite profile)
Authors: Suvorov V.D. , Mel’nik E.A. , Mishen’kina Z.R. , Pavlov E.V. , Kochnev V.A. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The upper-mantle structure was studied from first-arrival data along the Meteorite profile, run using underground nuclear explosions. Unlike the layered, slightly inhomogeneous models in the previous works, emphasis was laid on lateral inhomogeneity at the minimum possible number of abrupt seismic boundaries. We used forward ray tracing of the traveltimes of refracted and overcritical reflected waves. The model obtained is characterized by considerable velocity variations, from 7.7 km/s in the Baikal Rift Zone to 8.0–8.45 km/s beneath the Tunguska syneclise. A layer of increased velocity (up to 8.5–8.6 km/s), 30–80 km thick, is distinguished at the base of seismic lithosphere. The depth of the layer top varies from 120 km in the northern Siberian craton to 210 km in its southeastern framing. It has been shown that, with crustal density anomalies excluded, the reduced gravity field is consistent with the upper-mantle velocity model.