bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PPCheck: A Webserver for the Quantitative Analysis of Protein-Protein Interfaces and Prediction of Residue Hotspots
Authors: Sukhwal Anshul , Sowdhamini Ramanathan 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundModeling protein-protein interactions (PPIs) using docking algorithms is useful for understanding biomolecular interactions and mechanisms. Typically, a docking algorithm generates a large number of docking poses, and it is often challenging to select the best native-like pose. A further challenge is to recognize key residues, termed as hotspots, at protein-protein interfaces, which contribute more in stabilizing a protein-protein interface.ResultsWe had earlier developed a computer algorithm, called PPCheck, which ascribes pseudoenergies to measure the strength of PPIs. Native-like poses could be successfully identified in 27 out of 30 test cases, when applied on a separate set of decoys that were generated using FRODOCK. PPCheck, along with conservation and accessibility scores, was able to differentiate ‘native-like and non-native-like poses from 1883 decoys of Critical Assessment of Prediction of Interactions (CAPRI) targets with an accuracy of 60%. PPCheck was trained on a 10-fold mixed dataset and tested on a 10-fold mixed test set for hotspot prediction. We obtain an accuracy of 72%, which is in par with other methods, and a sensitivity of 59%, which is better than most existing methods available for hotspot prediction that uses similar datasets. Other relevant tests suggest that PPCheck can also be reliably used to identify conserved residues in a protein and to perform computational alanine scanning.ConclusionsPPCheck webserver can be successfully used to differentiate native-like and non-native-like docking poses, as generated by docking algorithms. The webserver can also be a convenient platform for calculating residue conservation, for performing computational alanine scanning, and for predicting protein-protein interface hotspots. While PPCheck can differentiate the generated decoys into native-like and non-native-like decoys with a fairly good accuracy, the results improve dramatically when features like conservation and accessibility are included. The method can be successfully used in ranking/scoring the decoys, as obtained from docking algorithms.
Multiple-locus VNTR Analyses of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Jamaica
Authors: Brown Paul D. 
Published: September 2015

Background This study assessed the antimicrobial susceptibilities and the presence of inducible macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (iMLSB) resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of Jamaica as well as the relatedness using polymerase chain reaction-based staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCC mec) and multiple-locus variable numbers of tandem repeat analyses (MLVAs). Materials and Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility, the presence of MLSB resistance, and SCC mec and MLVA patterns were assessed for 61 nonduplicate isolates of MRSA from hospitalized patients. Results While no isolate was resistant to vancomycin, 53 (86.9%) isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 52 (85.3%) to erythromycin, 49 (80%) to lincomycin, and 45 (74%) to clindamycin. Of the 52 erythromycin-resistant isolates, 48% exhibited constitutive resistance and 8% showed inducible MLSB (iMLSB) resistance. Most (85%) of typable isolates were SCC mec type IV, and among these, 16 MLVA patterns were identified. Conclusion Multidrug resistance continues to characterize MRSA. Among the erythromycin-resistant isolates, constitutive resistance and iMLSB resistance are common. These facts will complicate the treatment of MRSA infections and warrant continued surveillance and judicial use of antimicrobial agents.
Electronic Ordering System Improves Postoperative Pain Management after Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Chiu T. , Wolfe S. , Magid S. , Urban M.K. 
Published: September 2015

Summary
Objectives: The authors investigated the impact of computerized provider order entry (CPOE) on the delivery times of analgesia and subsequent patient outcomes. We hypothesized that patients would report less pain and use less pain medications compared with the previous paper-based system.
Methods: Two groups of patients after a total hip (THA) or knee arthroplasty (TKA) were retrospectively compared: one comprising 106 patients when the paper-based ordering system was in effect (conventional group), and one comprising 96 patients after CPOE was installed (electronic group). All patients received a regional anaesthetic at surgery (combined spinal-epidural). TKA patients also received a single-injection femoral nerve block. After transfer to the postoperative anaesthesia care unit (PACU), a patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) infusion was initiated. The following data was collected from the PACU record: time to initiation of analgesia, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at initiation of analgesia and hourly for the first postoperative day (POD), volume of pain medication used, length of stay (LOS) in the PACU and the hospital.
Results: The time to initiation of analgesia from arrival in the PACU was significantly lower in the electronic group compared to the conventional group (24.5 ± 28.3 minutes vs. 51.1 ± 26.2 minutes; mean ± SD, p < 0.001), as were VAS pain scores (0.82 ± 1.08 vs. 1.5 ± 1.52, p < 0.001) and the volume of PCEA needed to control pain (27.9 ± 20.2 ml vs. 34.8 ± 20.3 ml, p = 0.001) at 4 hours postoperatively. PACU LOS and hospital LOS did not significantly differ in the two groups.
Conclusions: After implementation of CPOE, patients received their postoperative analgesia faster, had less pain, and required less medication.
Citation: Urban M,Chiu T, Wolfe S, Magid S. Electronic Ordering System Improves Postoperative Pain Management after Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty. Appl Clin Inform 2015;6: 591–599http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-12-RA-0114
Les techniques de la documentation : un programme de formation collégiale en
évolution
Authors: Ratté Stéphane 
Published: September 2015

Afin de maintenir la pertinence des contenus enseignés et d’assurer l’adéquation
aux besoins du marché du travail, un projet d’actualisation locale du programme Techniques
de la documentation a été lancé en 2014 au Collège de Maisonneuve. Dans le cadre de ce
projet, le département a identifié plusieurs défis. Ces défis s’articulent autour de sept
grands axes : le traitement documentaire, les services au public, la gestion des documents
administratifs, les systèmes documentaires informatisés, la gestion de projet, les attitudes
professionnelles et les stages. Cet article propose un survol général de ces défis et dresse
un portrait de la réalité du programme Techniques de la documentation. Il contribue
également à une meilleure compréhension des compétences attendues du futur technicien en
documentation.
La formation du professionnel d’aujourd’hui et de demain : tout un défi!
Authors: Hudon Michèle 
Published: September 2015

Les formateurs de professionnels appelés à faire carrière dans une société de l’information en constante évolution sont confrontés à de nombreux défis. Nous classons ceux-ci en trois catégories : les défis de nature disciplinaire, les défis de nature institutionnelle et les défis liés aux caractéristiques des apprenants. Les défis de nature disciplinaire touchent à l’essence même et à la complexité des sciences de l’information, un domaine dont l’identité propre est de plus en plus difficile à établir. Les défis institutionnels découlent de l’appartenance des centres de formation à de grandes universités de recherche et de la nécessité de répondre aux exigences de celles-ci. Enfin, le nombre en croissance et la grande diversité des apprenants est certes riche de possibilités, mais également source d’importants défis pour les enseignants.
L’enseignement du droit aux « non-initiés » : le cas des sciences de l’information
Authors: Demoulin Marie 
Published: September 2015

Cet article se présente comme un partage d’expérience, afin de nourrir la réflexion sur l’enseignement du droit à des non-juristes, en particulier dans les programmes de formation en sciences de l’information (SI). La première partie livre un aperçu de la place du droit dans ces programmes et des différentes manières d’intégrer le droit dans le parcours des étudiants en SI. La seconde partie se focalise sur la pédagogie du droit au sein de l’École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l’information (EBSI) de l’Université de Montréal, à travers les cours « Aspects juridiques des archives et de l’information » et « Sources d’information juridique ».
Classical NEG Raising
Authors: Collins Chris , Postal Paul M. 
Published: September 2015

An extended argument for a syntactic view of NEG raising with consequences for the syntax of negation and negative polarity items.
In this book, Chris Collins and Paul Postal consider examples such the one below on the interpretation where Nancy thinks that this course is not interesting:
Nancy doesn't think this course is interesting.
They argue such examples instantiate a kind of syntactic raising that they term Classical NEG Raising. This involves the raising of a NEG (negation) from the embedded clause to the matrix clause. Collins and Postal develop three main arguments to support their claim. First, they show that Classical NEG Raising obeys island constraints. Second, they document that a syntactic raising analysis predicts both the grammaticality and particular properties of what they term Horn clauses (named for Laurence Horn, who discovered them). Finally, they argue that the properties of certain parenthetical structures strongly support the syntactic character of Classical NEG Raising.
Collins and Postal also offer a detailed analysis of the main argument in the literature against a syntactic raising analysis (which they call the Composed Quantifier Argument). They show that the facts appealed to in this argument not only fail to conflict with their approach but actually support a syntactic view. In the course of their argument, Collins and Postal touch on a variety of related topics, including the syntax of negative polarity items, the status of sequential negation, and the scope of negative quantifiers.
The Measure of Madness
Authors: Gerrans Philip 
Published: September 2015

Drawing on the latest work in cognitive neuroscience, a philosopher proposes that delusions are narrative models that accommodate anomalous experiences.
In The Measure of Madness, Philip Gerrans offers a novel explanation of delusion. Over the last two decades, philosophers and cognitive scientists have investigated explanations of delusion that interweave philosophical questions about the nature of belief and rationality with findings from cognitive science and neurobiology. Gerrans argues that once we fully describe the computational and neural mechanisms that produce delusion and the way in which conscious experience and thought depend on them, the concept of delusional belief retains only a heuristic role in the explanation of delusion.
Gerrans proposes that delusions are narrative models that accommodate anomalous experiences. He argues that delusions represent the operation of the Default Mode Network (DMN)—the cognitive system that provides the raw material for humans' inbuilt tendency to provide a subjectively compelling narrative context for anomalous or highly salient experiences—without the “supervision” of higher cognitive processes present in the nondelusional mind. This explanation illuminates the relationship among delusions, dreams, imaginative states, and irrational beliefs that have perplexed philosophers and psychologists for over a century.
Going beyond the purely conceptual and the phenomenological, Gerrans brings together findings from different disciplines to trace the flow of information through the cognitive system, and applies these to case studies of typical schizophrenic delusions: misidentification, alien control, and thought insertion. Drawing on the interventionist model of causal explanation in philosophy of science and the predictive coding approach to the mind influential in computational neuroscience, Gerrans provides a model for integrative theorizing about the mind.
Bradford Books imprint
Civic Ecology
Authors: Krasny Marianne E. , Tidball Keith G. 
Published: September 2015

Stories of environmental stewardship in communities from New Orleans to Soweto accompany an interdisciplinary framework for understanding civic ecology as a global phenomenon.
In communities across the country and around the world, people are coming together to rebuild and restore local environments that have been affected by crisis or disaster. In New Orleans after Katrina, in New York after Sandy, in Soweto after apartheid, and in any number of postindustrial, depopulated cities, people work together to restore nature, renew communities, and heal themselves. In Civic Ecology, Marianne Krasny and Keith Tidball offer stories of this emerging grassroots environmental stewardship, along with an interdisciplinary framework for understanding and studying it as a growing international phenomenon.
Krasny and Tidball draw on research in social capital and collective efficacy, ecosystem services, social learning, governance, social-ecological systems, and other findings in the social and ecological sciences to investigate how people, practices, and communities interact. Along the way, they chronicle local environmental stewards who have undertaken such tasks as beautifying blocks in the Bronx, clearing trash from the Iranian countryside, and working with traumatized veterans to conserve nature and recreate community. Krasny and Tidball argue that humans' innate love of nature and attachment to place compels them to restore nature and places that are threatened, destroyed, or lost. At the same time, they report, nature and community exert a healing and restorative power on their stewards.
Engaging the Everyday
Authors: Meyer John M. 
Published: September 2015

An argument that environmental challenges will only resonate with citizens of affluent postindustrial countries if sustainability concerns emerge from everyday practices.
Far-reaching efforts to address environmental issues rarely seem to resonate with citizens of the United States or other wealthy postindustrial societies. In Engaging the Everyday, John Meyer considers this impediment to action on environmental problems—which he terms “the resonance dilemma”—and argues that an environmental agenda that emerges from everyday concerns would resonate more deeply with ordinary citizens. Meyer explores the contours of this alternative, theorizing both obstacles and opportunities and then considering it in terms of three everyday areas of material practice: land use, transportation by automobile, and home dwelling.
Adopting the stance of an “inside critic” (neither detached theorist nor narrow policy advocate), and taking an approach that he calls “contested materiality,” Meyer draws on a variety of theoretical perspectives to construct a framework for understanding material practices. He reimagines each of the three material practices in terms of a political idea: for land, property; for automobiles, freedom; and for homes, citizenship. His innovative analysis offers a grounded basis for reshaping our talk about political concepts and values.
Liquid Power
Authors: Swyngedouw Erik 
Published: September 2015

An examination of the central role of water politics and engineering in Spain's modernization, illustrating water's part in forging, maintaining, and transforming social power.
In this book, Erik Swyngedouw explores how water becomes part of the tumultuous processes of modernization and development. Using the experience of Spain as a lens to view the interplay of modernity and environmental transformation, Swyngedouw shows that every political project is also an environmental project.
In 1898, Spain lost its last overseas colony, triggering a period of post-imperialist turmoil still referred to as El Disastre. Turning inward, the nation embarked on “regeneration” and modernization. Water played a central role in this; during a turbulent period from the twentieth century into the twenty-first—through the Franco years and into the new era of liberal democracy—Spain's waterscapes were completely transformed, with large-scale projects that ranged from dam construction to irrigation to desalinization. Swyngedouw describes the contested political-ecological process that marked this transformation, showing that the Spain's diverse and contested paths to modernization were predicated on particular trajectories of environmental transformation.
After laying out his theoretical perspectives, Swyngedouw analyzes three periods of Spain's political-ecological modernization: the aspirations and stalled modernization of the early twentieth century; the accelerated efforts under the authoritarian Franco regime—which included six hundred dams, expanded hydroelectricity, and massive irrigation; and the changing hydro-social landscape under social democracy. Offering an innovative perspective on the relationship of nature and society, Liquid Power illuminates the political nature of nature.
O PIBID E A APROXIMAÇÃO ENTRE UNIVERSIDADE E ESCOLA: IMPLICAÇÕES NA FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DOS PROFESSORES
Authors: Ambrosetti Neusa Banhara , Calil Ana Maria Gimenes Corrêa , André Marli Eliza D. Afonso , Almeida Patrícia C. Albieri 
Published: September 2015

<p>Resumo</p><p>O trabalho é um relato de pesquisa que toma como foco o PIBID − Programa de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência proposto pela CAPES −, com o objetivo de verificar em que medida essa experiência vem contribuindo para superar o distanciamento entre os espaços da formação e do exercício profissional. Alem disso, pretendeu-se averiguar as implicações desse Programa para a universidade e para as escolas, bem como para a formação dos profissionais envolvidos. Com o propósito de conhecer o ponto de vista dos participantes foram realizados seis grupos de discussão, dos quais quatro com alunos bolsistas de diferentes licenciaturas, um grupo com professores supervisores que acompanham os bolsistas nas escolas parceiras, e um grupo com professores que atuam como coordenadores do PIBID. Todos os participantes estão vinculados ao Programa em uma universidade localizada no interior do estado de São Paulo. Ainda que não se possa falar em um novo modelo formativo, os dados sugerem que, ao promover a aproximação entre universidade e escola e criar condições favoráveis à inserção dos professores em formação no ambiente escolar, o Programa PIBID tem um potencial transformador que pode beneficiar sujeitos e instituições, favorecendo a formação profissional dos licenciandos e criando possibilidades para a constituição de um espaço privilegiado de trabalho e formação.</p><p>Abstract</p><p>This paper presents research data whose focus is the PIBID – Teaching Initiation Scholarship Program proposed by CAPES - to ascertain to in what extent this experience has contributed to overcome the gap between the spaces of teacher training and professional work. In addition, we sought to determine effects of this program for university and schools, as well as for the training of the professionals involved. In order to know the views of the participants six focus groups were conducted, four of which with scholarship students of different areas, a group with supervising teachers from partner schools, and a group of teachers educators who are coordinators in the PIBID. All participants are tied to a university program in the state of São Paulo. Even though we can not speak of a new teacher training model, the data suggest that, as it promotes closer links between university and school and creates favorable conditions for the insertion of prospective teachers in the school environment, the PIBID Program has a transformative potential that can benefit subjects and institutions, collaborating with the professional training of undergraduates and creating possibilities for setting up a special space of work and training.</p><p>Key words: initial teacher training; PIBID; professional development</p>
Antarctic ice growth before and after the Eocene‐Oligocene transition: New estimates from clumped isotope paleothermometry
Authors: Petersen S. V. , Schrag D. P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAcross the Eocene‐Oligocene transition, the oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) of benthic and planktonic foraminifera increased by over 1‰. This shift is thought to represent a combination of global cooling and the growth of a large ice sheet on the Antarctic continent. To determine the contribution of each of these factors to the total change in δ18O, we measured the clumped isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera tests from Ocean Drilling Program Site 689 in the Southern Ocean. Near‐surface temperatures were ~12°C in the intervals 0–1.5 Myr before and 1–2 Myr after the major (Oi‐1) transition, in agreement with estimates made using other proxies at nearby sites. Temperatures cooled by 0.4 ± 1.1°C between these intervals, indicating that the long‐term change in δ18O seen in planktonic foraminifera at this site is predominantly due to changes in ice volume. A larger instantaneous cooling may have occurred during Oi‐1 but is not captured in this study due to sampling resolution. The corresponding change in the isotopic composition of seawater (δ18Osw) is 0.75 ± 0.23‰, which is within the range of previous estimates, and represents global ice growth equivalent to roughly ~110–120% of the volume of the modern Antarctic ice sheet or ~80–90 m of eustatic sea level change.
Nonpayment of water bills in Guatemala: Dissatisfaction or inability to pay?
Authors: Vásquez William F. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates nonpayment behavior in Guatemala. Determinants of nonpayment behavior are identified through zero‐inflated negative binomial regression models in order to take into account particular distributional characteristics of the amount of outstanding payments. Findings indicate that nonpayment behavior is a demonstration of consumer dissatisfaction with current water services. The amount of outstanding bill payments also responds to system unreliability. Results also suggest that nonpayment behaviors are more prominent in community‐managed systems than in municipal systems. No evidence was found on a potential relationship between nonpayment behavior and household income. Policy implications are discussed.