bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Three New Phenanthrenes from Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino
Authors: Liu Liang , Li Jun , Zeng Ke‐Wu , Li Ping , Tu Peng‐Fei 
Published: November 2013

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of three new phenanthrenes possessing potent cytotoxic activities against several cancer cell lines
Thermal Treatment of Sewage Sludge in the Czech Republic and Experimental Determination of Emissions Resulting from the Incineration
Authors: Elsäßer Thomas , Pohorelý Michael , Jecha David , Puncochár Miroslav , Stehlík Petr 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDie unterschiedlichen Strategien europäischer Länder im Bereich der Klärschlammentsorgung führen zu Abweichungen in den Entsorgungspfaden. Die in Deutschland verbreitete thermische Behandlung von Klärschlamm wird in der Tschechischen Republik bisher selten angewandt. Hier werden, basierend auf experimenteller Arbeit, das Emissionsverhalten ausgewählter Schadstoffe aus der Klärschlammverbrennung und die Auswirkung der Kalksteinzugabe auf die Menge produzierter Schadstoffe untersucht.
TEMPO‐Mediated Oxidation of Primary Alcohols to Aldehydes under Visible Light and Air
Authors: Liu Dongwang , Zhou Hongxia , Gu Xiangyong , Shen Xiaoqin , Li Pixu 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA homogeneous visible light photoredox TEMPO‐mediated selective oxidation of primary alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds was developed using molecular oxygen from air as the terminal oxidant. Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 (bpy: bipyridyl) and Ir(dtb‐bpy)(ppy)2(PF6) (dtb‐bpy: 4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridyl; ppy: 2‐phenylpyridine) were used as the sensitizers.
Epstein‐Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) protein induction of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Wang Lu , Tian Wen‐Dong , Xu Xia , Nie Biao , Lu Juan , Liu Xiong , Zhang Bao , Dong Qi , Sunwoo John B. , Li Gang , Li Xiang‐Ping 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDThe Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐encoded EB nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) protein is required for maintenance and transmission of the viral episome in EBV‐infected cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of EBNA1 protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).METHODSTissue samples from 48 patients with NPC and 12 patients with chronic nasopharyngitis were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis of EBNA1 expression. EBNA1 combinational DNA was used to overexpress EBNA1 protein in NPC cell lines to assess tumor cell epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), colony formation, migration and invasion, and gene expression.RESULTSEBNA1 protein was highly expressed in NPC tissue specimens, and its expression was associated with NPC lymph node metastasis. EBNA1 expression affected NPC cell morphology and the expression of EMT markers in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of EBNA1 inhibited the expression of microRNA 200a (miR‐200a) and miR‐200b and, in turn, up‐regulated expression of their target genes, zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox 1 ( ZEB1) and ZEB2, which are well known mediators of EMT. In addition, EBNA1‐regulated miR‐200a and miR‐200b expression was mediated by transforming growth factor‐β1.CONCLUSIONSThe current findings provided novel insight into the vital role of EBNA1 in manipulating a molecular switch of EMT in EBV‐positive NPC cells. Cancer 2014;120:363–372. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Double Photoinduced Jahn–Teller Distortion of Tetrahedral AuISnII Complexes
Authors: Vilma Bojan R. , López‐de‐Luzuriaga José M. , Monge Miguel , Elena Olmos M. , Echeverría Raquel , Lehtonen Olli , Sundholm Dage 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTetrahedral AuI complexes [L3Au(SnCl3)] (L=PMe3 (1), PMe2Ph (2), PMePh2 (3), and PPh3 (4)) were prepared by treatment of the [(tht)Au(SnCl3)] (tht=tetrahydrothiophene) complex with three equivalents of the corresponding tertiary phosphine. The crystal structures of complexes 1–4 have been determined through X‐ray diffraction studies showing, in all cases, [SnCl3]− fragments covalently bonded to the corresponding [Au(PR3)3]+ units, which leads to a tetrahedral coordination environment for gold. Complexes 3 and 4 show phosphorescence in the solid state at room temperature and 77 K that is largely redshifted relative to the free [Au(PR3)3]+ and [SnCl3]− counterparts. Correlated MP2, SCS‐MP2, and ONIOM MP2/UFF calculations suggest a largely distorted lower triplet excited state (T1) for each model system. The AuP3+ moiety is distorted leading to a T‐shape, whereas the SnCl3− unit is left almost unaltered. Molecular orbital and population analysis suggest that the emission of these tetrahedral AuI complexes arises from a 3MC transition slightly perturbed by the SnCl3− fragment.
Nutrient release characteristics from droppings of grass‐foraging waterfowl (Anser brachyrhynchus) roosting in aquatic habitats
Authors: Liu Yuhong , Hefting Mariet M. , Verhoeven Jos T. A. , Klaassen Marcel 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, notably in large parts of the Western World, many waterfowl populations have increased because of increased food availability. Not uncommonly, eutrophication in these areas may occur perhaps not only because of increased dropping loads but also because nutrients are more readily released from droppings than from fresh and decomposing plant material. We conducted an experiment to study this effect comparing the decay rate and nutrient release of fresh grass leaves with that of droppings in water at 10, 20 and 30 °C. Using a two‐component exponential decay model, allowing distinguishing between an easily decomposable (labile) and recalcitrant fraction of the material, we found that the labile carbon (C) fraction of droppings decomposed faster than that of grass leaves, whereas the recalcitrant C decomposition rate was similar to that of grass leaves. Higher temperature increased C decomposition rates of the labile fractions. No temperature dependence was observed for the recalcitrant fractions. Surprisingly, grass leaves and droppings did not differ in the amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) released in the first 90 days, i.e. more than 60% of N and 40% of P were released into the water column. Continuous mineralization of N and P predominated during decomposition of grass leaves, whereas a massive initial leaching was followed by immobilization and later mineralization during decomposition of droppings. All differences during decomposition of the litter types were attributed to the stoichiometric requirement of decomposers and their temperature sensitivity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lanthanide Borohydrido Complexes Supported by ansa‐Bis(amidinato) Ligands with a Rigid o‐Phenylene Linker: Effect of Ligand Tailoring on Catalytic Lactide Polymerization
Authors: Tolpygin Aleksei O. , Skvortsov Grigorii G. , Cherkasov Anton V. , Fukin Georgy K. , Glukhova Tatyana A. , Trifonov Alexander A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA series of lanthanide monoborohydrido complexes {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(R)NR′]2}Ln(BH4)(L)n (Ln = Y, Nd, Sm; R = tBu, Ph; R′ = 2,6‐Me2C6H3, SiMe3; L = dme = dimethoxyethane, n = 1; L = thf, n = 2), in which lanthanides are coordinated by bulky ansa‐bis(amidinato) ligand systems with a conformationally rigid o‐phenylene linker ({C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(R)NR′]2}2–), were synthesized by the salt metathesis reactions of equimolar amounts of Ln(BH4)3(thf)3 and {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(R)NR′]2}X2(thf)n (X = Li, Na) in thf. X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that the complexes are monomeric. Depending on the denticity of the donor ligand (L = dme or thf), the terminal borohydrido ligand coordinated to the metal ion can be located in either an equatorial (L = thf) or an apical (L = dme) position. All complexes are efficient catalysts for the ring‐opening polymerization of rac‐lactide, which allows to convert up to 1000 equiv. of monomer into a polymer at room temperature within 10–150 min and affords atactic polylactides with high molecular weights and moderate molecular‐weight distributions (1.28–2.16). Yttrium–borohydrido complexes coordinated by the {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(tBu)N(2,6‐Me2C6H3)]2}2– ligand system showed enhanced catalytic activity compared to that of the analogue complexes containing the {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(Ph)NSiMe3]2}2– ligand. The obtained borohydrido complexes catalyze the hydrophosphonylation of benzaldehyde at room temperature with good reaction rates.
CE analysis of single wood cells performing hydrolysis and preconcentration in open microchannels
Authors: Rokhas Maria Khihon , Mikkonen Saara , Beyer Juliane , Jacksén Johan , Emmer Åsa 
Published: November 2013

In the present work, monosaccharides from pulp samples and single wood fibers were analyzed with CE, using indirect detection due to the lack of chromophores on the monosaccharides. The hydrolysis degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into monosaccharides was performed using TFA, either in bulk scale or in microscale. In the microscale, one single wood fiber was hydrolyzed in an open microchannel manufactured on a silicon microchip with the dimensions 50 μm × 50 μm (length 1 or 3 cm). The low monosaccharide amounts derived from a single fiber implied that a preconcentration step was necessary to increase the detectability. Thus, an electromigration preconcentration of the hydrolyzed samples was performed within the microchannel, which resulted in a significantly enhanced signal intensity of the monosaccharides. In addition to the experimental study, computer simulations were performed regarding the preconcentration step of monosaccharides. The results from these simulations correlated well with the experimental results.
Novel markers of kidney injury in bipolar patients on long‐term lithium treatment
Authors: Rybakowski Janusz K. , Abramowicz Maria , Chłopocka‐Wozniak Maria , Czekalski Stanislaw 
Published: November 2013

ObjectivesWe assessed kidney function in long‐term lithium‐treated bipolar patients compared with age‐matched patients not taking lithium, including novel markers of kidney injury such as plasma neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) and urinary beta‐2 microglobulin (β2‐MG)MethodsThe study comprised 120 patients with bipolar disorder of which 90 (30 males and 60 females) have been receiving lithium for 5–38 (mean 16) years, and 30 (10 males and 20 females) have never been exposed to lithium.ResultsLithium‐treated patients, both men and women, showed significantly higher plasma NGAL and urinary β2‐MG and lower urine specific gravity and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), compared with patients not taking lithium. In these patients, serum NGAL did not correlate with any clinical feature or other parameter of kidney function. Urinary β2‐MG correlated with serum creatinine and eGFR in the whole group of lithium‐treated patients and in addition, in males, with duration of illness, duration of lithium treatment, and urine specific gravity.ConclusionsLithium treatment causes an impairment of kidney function reflected also by abnormal levels of novel markers of kidney injury. Of these, urinary β2‐MG, as a marker of tubular function seems to be better predictor than serum NGAL in lithium‐treated patients because it shows multiple clinical and biochemical correlations, especially in men. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methylphenidate‐osmotic‐controlled release oral delivery system treatment reduces parenting stress in parents of children and adolescents with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Hwang Jun‐Won , Kim Bongseog , Kim Yeni , Kim Tae‐Ho , Seo Wan‐Seok , Shin Dong‐Won , Woo Young‐Jae , Yoo Heejeong , Lee Jeong‐Seop , Lee Jong‐Hun , Lim Myung‐Ho , Chung Young‐Chul , Jung Chul‐Ho , Yoo Hanik K. 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of methylphenidate‐osmotic release oral delivery system (MPH‐OROS) treatment on parenting stress in parents of children and adolescents with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsFour hundred and ninety‐five children and adolescents (391 boys and 104 girls), aged 7 to 18 years who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition criteria for ADHD, were recruited at 48 psychiatric outpatient clinics across South Korea. Children's symptoms, parenting stress, and parental depression were assessed at baseline, week 4, and week 8 of MPH‐OROS treatment using the Korean version of the DuPaul's ADHD Rating Scale (ARS), the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Parenting Stress Index, Short Form (PSI‐SF).ResultsWe found significantly decreased scores of ARS, parental BDI, and PSI‐SF from baseline to week 4 and from week 4 to week 8. Also, there were positive correlations among baseline PSI‐SF, ARS, and BDI scores. The changes in BDI and ARS scores were significantly associated with the PSI score changes, accounting for 20.1% and 10.0%, respectively.ConclusionsWe suggest that the increased parenting stress and depression in parents of children and adolescents with ADHD can be improved following the treatment with MPH‐OROS. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular pathology via IR and Raman spectral imaging
Authors: Diem Max , Mazur Antonella , Lenau Kathleen , Schubert Jen , Bird Ben , Miljković Milo , Krafft Christoph , Popp Jürgen 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDuring the last 15 years, vibrational spectroscopic methods have been developed that can be viewed as molecular pathology methods that depend on sampling the entire genome, proteome and metabolome of cells and tissues, rather than probing for the presence of selected markers. First, this review introduces the background and fundamentals of the spectroscopies underlying the new methodologies, namely infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Then, results are presented in the context of spectral histopathology of tissues for detection of metastases in lymph nodes, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinomas, brain tumors and brain metastases. Results from spectral cytopathology of cells are discussed for screening of oral and cervical mucosa, and circulating tumor cells. It is concluded that infrared and Raman spectroscopy can complement histopathology and reveal information that is available in classical methods only by costly and time‐consuming steps such as immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction or gene arrays. Due to the inherent sensitivity toward changes in the bio‐molecular composition of different cell and tissue types, vibrational spectroscopy can even provide information that is in some cases superior to that of any one of the conventional techniques. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The ultrastructure of spermatid development during spermiogenesis within the rosebelly lizard, Sceloporus variabilis (Reptilia, Squamata, Phrynosomatidae)
Authors: Gribbins Kevin M. , Matchett Caroline L. , DelBello Kathryn A. , Rheubert Justin , Villagrán‐SantaCruz Maricela , Granados‐González Gisela , Hernández‐Gallegos Oswaldo 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTSeveral recent studies have mapped out the characters of spermiogenesis within several species of squamates. Many of these data have shown both conserved and possibly apomorphic morphological traits that could be important in future phylogenetic analysis within Reptilia. There, however, has not been a recent study that compares spermiogenesis and its similarities or differences between two species of reptile that reside in the same genus. Thus, the present analysis details the changes to spermiogenesis in Sceloporus variabilis and then compares spermatid morphologies to that of Sceloporus bicanthalis. Many of the morphological changes that the spermatids undergo in these two species are similar or conserved, which is similar to what has been reported in other squamates. There are six main character differences that can be observed during the development of the spermatids between these two sceloporid lizards. They include the presence (S. variabilis) or absence (S. bicanthalis) of a mitochondrial/endoplasmic reticulum complex near the Golgi apparatus during acrosome development, a shallow (S. variabilis) or deep (S. bicanthalis) nuclear indentation that accommodates the acrosomal vesicle, filamentous (S. variabilis) or granular (S. bicanthalis) chromatin condensation, no spiraling (S. variabilis) or spiraling (S. bicanthalis) of chromatin during condensation, absence (S. variabilis) or presence (S. bicanthalis) of the longitudinal manchette microtubules, and the lack of (S. variabilis) or presence (S. bicanthalis) of nuclear lacunae. This is the first study that compares spermiogenic ultrastructural characters between species within the same genus. The significance of the six character differences between two distantly related species within Sceloporus is still unknown, but these data do suggest that spermiogenesis might be a good model to study the hypothesis that spermatid ontogeny is species specific. J. Morphol. 275:258–268, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The ventral nerve cord in Cephalocarida (Crustacea): New insights into the ground pattern of Tetraconata
Authors: Stegner Martin E.J. , Brenneis Georg , Richter Stefan 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTCephalocarida are Crustacea with many anatomical features that have been interpreted as plesiomorphic with respect to crustaceans or Tetraconata. While the ventral nerve cord (VNC) has been investigated in many other arthropods to address phylogenetic and evolutionary questions, the few studies that exist on the cephalocarid VNC date back 20 years, and data pertaining to neuroactive substances in particular are too sparse for comparison. We reinvestigated the VNC of adult Hutchinsoniella macracantha in detail, combining immunolabeling (tubulin, serotonin, RFamide, histamine) and nuclear stains with confocal laser microscopy, complemented by 3D‐reconstructions based on serial semithin sections. The subesophageal ganglion in Cephalocarida comprises three segmental neuromeres (Md, Mx1, Mx2), while a separate ganglion occurs in all thoracic segments and abdominal segments 1–8. Abdominal segments 9 and 10 and the telson are free of ganglia. The maxillar neuromere and the thoracic ganglia correspond closely in their limb innervation pattern, their pattern of mostly four segmental commissures and in displaying up to six individually identified serotonin‐like immunoreactive neurons per body side, which exceeds the number found in most other tetraconates. Only two commissures and two serotonin‐like immunoreactive neurons per side are present in abdominal ganglia. The stomatogastric nervous system in H. macracantha corresponds to that in other crustaceans and includes, among other structures, a pair of lateral neurite bundles. These innervate the gut as well as various trunk muscles and are, uniquely, linked to the unpaired median neurite bundle. We propose that most features of the cephalocarid ventral nerve cord (VNC) are plesiomorphic with respect to the tetraconate ground pattern. Further, we suggest that this ground pattern includes more serotonin‐like neurons than hitherto assumed, and argue that a sister‐group relationship between Cephalocarida and Remipedia, as favored by recent molecular analyses, finds no neuroanatomical support. J. Morphol. 275:269–294, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative hepatic perfusion modeling using DCE‐MRI with sequential breathholds
Authors: Bultman Eric M. , Brodsky Ethan K. , Horng Debra E. , Irarrazaval Pablo , Schelman William R. , Block Walter F. , Reeder Scott B. 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a new formulation for quantitative perfusion modeling in the liver using interrupted DCE‐MRI data acquired during multiple sequential breathholds.Materials and MethodsA new mathematical formulation to estimate quantitative perfusion parameters using interrupted data was developed. Using this method, we investigated whether a second degree‐of‐freedom in the tissue residue function (TRF) improves quality‐of‐fit criteria when applied to a dual‐input single‐compartment perfusion model. We subsequently estimated hepatic perfusion parameters using DCE‐MRI data from 12 healthy volunteers and 9 cirrhotic patients with a history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); and examined the utility of these estimates in differentiating between healthy liver, cirrhotic liver, and HCC.ResultsQuality‐of‐fit criteria in all groups were improved using a Weibull TRF (2 degrees‐of‐freedom) versus an exponential TRF (1 degree‐of‐freedom), indicating nearer concordance of source DCE‐MRI data with the Weibull model. Using the Weibull TRF, arterial fraction was greater in cirrhotic versus normal liver (39 ± 23% versus 15 ± 14%, P = 0.07). Mean transit time (20.6 ± 4.1 s versus 9.8 ± 3.5 s, P = 0.01) and arterial fraction (39 ± 23% versus 73 ± 14%, P = 0.04) were both significantly different between cirrhotic liver and HCC, while differences in total perfusion approached significance.ConclusionThis work demonstrates the feasibility of estimating hepatic perfusion parameters using interrupted data acquired during sequential breathholds. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:853–865. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fast image reconstruction with L2‐regularization
Authors: Bilgic Berkin , Chatnuntawech Itthi , Fan Audrey P. , Setsompop Kawin , Cauley Stephen F. , Wald Lawrence L. , Adalsteinsson Elfar 
Published: November 2013

PurposeWe introduce L2‐regularized reconstruction algorithms with closed‐form solutions that achieve dramatic computational speed‐up relative to state of the art L1‐ and L2‐based iterative algorithms while maintaining similar image quality for various applications in MRI reconstruction.Materials and MethodsWe compare fast L2‐based methods to state of the art algorithms employing iterative L1‐ and L2‐regularization in numerical phantom and in vivo data in three applications; (i) Fast Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM), (ii) Lipid artifact suppression in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI), and (iii) Diffusion Spectrum Imaging (DSI). In all cases, proposed L2‐based methods are compared with the state of the art algorithms, and two to three orders of magnitude speed up is demonstrated with similar reconstruction quality.ResultsThe closed‐form solution developed for regularized QSM allows processing of a three‐dimensional volume under 5 s, the proposed lipid suppression algorithm takes under 1 s to reconstruct single‐slice MRSI data, while the PCA based DSI algorithm estimates diffusion propagators from undersampled q‐space for a single slice under 30 s, all running in Matlab using a standard workstation.ConclusionFor the applications considered herein, closed‐form L2‐regularization can be a faster alternative to its iterative counterpart or L1‐based iterative algorithms, without compromising image quality. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:181–191 © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.