bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Androgen receptor-mediated apoptosis in bovine testicular induced pluripotent stem cells in response to phthalate esters
Authors: Wang S-W , Wang S S-W , Wu D-C , Lin Y-C , Ku C-C , Wu C-C , Chai C-Y , Lee J-N , Tsai E-M , Lin C-LS , Yang R-C , Ko Y-C , Yu H-S , Huo C , Chuu C-P , Murayama Y , Nakamura Y , Hashimoto S , Matsushima K , Jin C , Eckner R , Lin C-S , Saito S , Yokoyama K K 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe androgen receptor (AR) has a critical role in promoting androgen-dependent and -independent apoptosis in testicular cells. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the ligand-independent apoptosis, including the activity of AR in testicular stem cells, are not completely understood. In the present study, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from bovine testicular cells by electroporation of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4). The cells were supplemented with leukemia inhibitory factor and bone morphogenetic protein 4, which maintained and stabilized the expression of stemness genes and pluripotency. The iPSCs were used to assess the apoptosis activity following exposure to phthalate esters, including di (2-ethyhexyl) phthalates, di (n-butyl) phthalate, and butyl benzyl phthalate. Phthalate esters significantly reduced the expression of AR in iPSCs and induced a higher ratio of BAX/BCL-2, thereby favoring apoptosis. Phthalate esters also increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21Cip1) in a p53-dependent manner and enhanced the transcriptional activity of p53. The forced expression of AR and knockdown of p21Cip1 led to the rescue of the phthalate-mediated apoptosis. Overall, this study suggests that testicular iPSCs are a useful system for screening the toxicity of environmental disruptors and examining their effect on the maintenance of stemness and pluripotency, as well as for identifying the iPSC signaling pathway(s) that are deregulated by these chemicals.
Deciphering unusual uncultured magnetotactic multicellular prokaryotes through genomics
Authors: Abreu Fernanda , Morillo Viviana , Nascimento Fabrícia F , Werneck Clarissa , Cantão Mauricio Egidio , Ciapina Luciane Prioli , de Almeida Luiz Gonzaga Paula , Lefèvre Christopher T , Bazylinski Dennis A , de Vasconcelos Ana Tereza Ribeiro , Lins Ulysses 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis (Ca. M. multicellularis) is a member of a group of uncultured magnetotactic prokaryotes that possesses a unique multicellular morphology. To better understand this organism’s physiology, we used a genomic approach through pyrosequencing. Genomic data analysis corroborates previous structural studies and reveals the proteins that are likely involved in multicellular morphogenesis of this microorganism. Interestingly, some detected protein sequences that might be involved in cell adhesion are homologues to phylogenetically unrelated filamentous multicellular bacteria proteins, suggesting their contribution in the early development of multicellular organization in Bacteria. Genes related to the behavior of Ca. M. multicellularis (chemo-, photo- and magnetotaxis) and its metabolic capabilities were analyzed. On the basis of the genomic–physiologic information, enrichment media were tested. One medium supported chemoorganoheterotrophic growth of Ca. M. multicellularis and allowed the microorganisms to maintain their multicellular morphology and cell cycle, confirming for the first time that the entire life cycle of the MMP occurs in a multicellular form. Because Ca. M. multicellularis has a unique multicellular life style, its cultivation is an important achievement for further studies regarding the multicellular evolution in prokaryotes.
Loss of TRPML1 promotes production of reactive oxygen species: is oxidative damage a factor in mucolipidosis type IV?
Authors: Coblentz Jessica , St. Croix Claudette , Kiselyov Kirill 
Published: November 2013

TRPML1 (transient receptor potential mucolipin 1) is a lysosomal ion channel permeable to cations, including Fe2+. Mutations in MCOLN1, the gene coding for TRPML1, cause the LSD (lysosomal storage disease) MLIV (mucolipidosis type IV). The role of TRPML1 in the cell is disputed and the mechanisms of cell deterioration in MLIV are unclear. The demonstration of Fe2+ buildup in MLIV cells raised the possibility that TRPML1 dissipates lysosomal Fe2+ and prevents its accumulation. Since Fe2+ catalyses the production of ROS (reactive oxygen species), we set out to test whether or not the loss of TRPML1 promotes ROS production by Fe2+ trapped in lysosomes. Our data show that RPE1 (retinal pigmented epithelial 1) cells develop a punctate mitochondrial phenotype within 48 h of siRNA-induced TRPML1-KD (knockdown). This mitochondrial fragmentation was aggravated by Fe2+ exposure, but was reversed by incubation with the ROS chelator α-Toc (α-tocopherol). The exposure of TRPML1-KD cells to Fe2+ led to loss of ΔΨm (mitochondrial membrane potential), ROS buildup, lipid peroxidation and increased transcription of genes responsive to cytotoxic oxidative stress in TRPML1-KD cells. These data suggest that TRPML1 redistributes Fe2+ between the lysosomes and the cytoplasm. Fe2+ buildup caused by TRPML1 loss potentiates ROS production and leads to mitochondrial deterioration. Beyond suggesting a new model for MLIV pathogenesis, these data show that TRPML1's role in the cell extends outside lysosomes.
Valsartan slows the progression of diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice via a reduction in podocyte injury, and renal oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Zhou Guangyu , Cheung Alfred K. , Liu Xia , Huang Yufeng 
Published: November 2013

Higher doses of AngII (angiotensin II) blockers are intended to optimize albuminuria reduction rather than for blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease. However, the long-term renoprotection of high-dose AngII blockers has yet to be defined. The present study sought to determine whether doses of ARB (AngII receptor blocker) that maximally reduce proteinuria could slow the progression of glomerulosclerosis in the uninephrectomized db/db mouse, a model of Type 2 diabetes. Untreated uninephrectomized db/db mice had normal blood pressure, but developed progressive albuminuria and mesangial matrix expansion between 18 and 22 weeks of age, which was associated with increased renal expression of TGFβ1 (transforming growth factor β1), PAI-1 (plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1), type IV collagen and FN (fibronectin). Treatment with valsartan in the drinking water of db/db mice from 18 to 22 weeks of age, at a dose that was determined previously to maximally reduce proteinuria, prevented the increases in albuminuria and the markers of renal fibrosis seen in untreated db/db mice. In addition, WT-1 (Wilms tumour protein-1)-immunopositive podocyte numbers were found to be lower in the untreated glomeruli of mice with diabetes. The expression of podocin and nephrin were continually decreased in mice with diabetes between 18 and 22 weeks of age. These changes are indicative of podocyte injury and the administration of valsartan ameliorated them substantially. Renal expression of TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2), p22phox and p47phox and urine TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance) levels, the markers of renal inflammation and oxidative stress, were increased during disease progression in mice with diabetes. Valsartan treatment was shown to reduce these markers. Thus high doses of valsartan not only reduce albuminuria maximally, but also halt the progression of the glomerulosclerosis resulting from Type 2 diabetes via a reduction in podocyte injury and renal oxidative stress and inflammation.
Nuclear interferon-inducible protein 16 promotes silencing of herpesviral and transfected DNA
Authors: Orzalli Megan H. , Conwell Sara E. , Berrios Christian , DeCaprio James A. , Knipe David M. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Cells have evolved mechanisms to silence foreign DNA to prevent the expression of foreign genes within them. In mammalian cells, this involves the assembly of heterochromatin on foreign DNAs such as viral or transfected DNA. Herpesviruses have evolved strategies to counteract these host mechanisms to express their own genes. Herein we demonstrate that the nuclear DNA sensor IFN-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) is involved in the host silencing response to foreign DNA. IFI16 promotes the assembly of heterochromatin on herpesviral DNA and inhibition of viral immediate–early gene expression and replication. This silencing effect is also observed on transfected plasmid DNAs. Therefore, our results indicate that IFI16 is broadly involved in the cellular response to foreign DNA.
Effects of Heat Stress at Different Grain‐Filling Phases on the Grain Yield and Quality of Waxy Maize
Authors: Lu Dalei , Sun Xuli , Yan Fabao , Wang Xin , Xu Renchao , Lu Weiping 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTEffects of heat stress (mean day/night temperatures of 35.2/16.1 and 27.4/15.6°C for heat stress and control, respectively) during different grain‐filling phases (1–10, 11–20, 21–30, 31–40, and 1–40 days after pollination [DAP]) on the grain yield and quality of waxy maize were investigated using two varieties. Heat stress decreased the number and weight of grains, thereby reducing grain yield. The effects of heat stress at an early grain development stage (before 20 DAP) were severe. Compared with the control, starch deposition was not affected by heat stress in Suyunuo5, and it was only decreased by heat stress at 1–10 DAP in Yunuo7. Protein content responses to heat stress were variety and stage dependent. Heat stress increased the iodine‐binding capacities of both varieties. Peak and breakdown viscosities were decreased by heat stress, and the effects gradually decreased with postponement of high temperature. Heat stress increased gelatinization temperature and retrogradation percentage for both varieties, and the response was stage dependent. Heat stress during the whole grain‐filling period increased the pasting and gelatinization temperatures but decreased gelatinization enthalpy. Changes in protein and starch contents as well as the proportion of long chains in amylopectin affected the pasting and thermal properties.
The effect of strategic orientations on business performance in SMEs
Authors: Laukkanen Tommi , Nagy Gábor , Hirvonen Saku , Reijonen Helen , Pasanen Mika 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The present study sheds light on the role of strategic orientations (SOs) in explaining business growth. The purpose of this paper is to examine how different SOs, namely learning orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and brand orientation simultaneously affect business performance measured with brand performance, market performance and business growth in SME context and whether these effects vary across countries.

Design/methodology/approach
– An extensive data set of 1,120 effective responses is collected from two European countries, namely Hungary, representing a post socialist rapidly growing market, and Finland with a stable, highly developed and competitive economy. A multigroup moderation analysis is conducted. Confirmatory factor analysis is used in testing measurement invariance, subsequently followed by structural equation modeling procedure used in testing research hypotheses developed on the basis of a literature review.

Findings
– The results show that entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and brand orientation have a positive effect on business growth in SMEs in both Hungary and Finland through brand and market performance. With regard to learning orientation, a positive yet somewhat weak effect on growth is found only in the Hungarian sample. The moderation analysis reveals that country moderates several of the hypothesized paths from SOs to business performance.

Originality/value
– Prior studies on SOs have mainly focussed on single orientations at any given time. However, researchers increasingly argue that many firms are better off if they build their strategies on multiple SOs. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first empirical studies to address multiple (four) SOs in the same research model. Furthermore, little is known about if and how the performance effects of different SOs vary across countries.
Prevention of farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming in China: by incentives or constraints?
Authors: Xiong Ying , Chen Lv Zhong , Ding Ya 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to understand farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming in China and quantify the degree to which farmers’ moral hazard is prevented by incentive or constraint means or their combinations.

Design/methodology/approach
– The logit model is used to analyze farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming and the effects of determinants by applying survey data of 560 vegetable and fruit farmers in China.

Findings
– The result reveals that farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming is prevented by a combination of incentives and constraints. Among incentive factors, profits from safe agro-products are verified to affect farmers’ moral hazard negatively, whereas the effect of safe certification subsidy is not clear. In constraint factors, production environmental supervision (PESUPV) and agricultural input supervision (AISUPV) have significant effects in reducing farmers’ moral hazard, whereas the effects of production process supervision and market access supervision are not clear. Further, the incentives from higher profits of safe agro-products play a greater role in the prevention of farmers’ moral hazard than the constraints from PESUPV and AISUPV. The results indicate that farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming is more likely to be prevented by incentives compared with constraints.

Research limitations/implications
– The study has some limitations that should be taken into account in future research. First, food safety incidents happen frequently in China, which caused widespread social concern. These affairs may spark a rethink for farmers about how to produce safe agro-products. From this prospective, farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming may be prevented by their social responsibility. However, the survey did not show it. This may be related to the beginning stage of safe farming in China. With the development of safe farming, the effect of social responsibility on the prevention of farmers’ moral hazard would constitute an interesting extension of the work. Second, the study focusses on farmers’ production of safe vegetables and fruits in three areas of China. Covering more activities and areas is likely to commit fruitful results.

Originality/value
– Based on the theoretical analysis of farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming through using a principal-agent model, the paper proposes hypotheses of incentives and constraints affecting farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming and verifies them through logit model with the survey data from 15 counties (or cities) in Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Sichuan Provinces of China. The result provides some evidences that farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming is simultaneously affected by a combination of incentives and constraints and may be taken as proofs for China's policy-making and focusses implementation in preventing farmers’ moral hazard in safe farming.
Evaluating a third sector community service following stroke
Authors: Jenkins Linda , Brigden Charlotte , King Annette 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the needs of stroke survivors and the impact of a Life After Stroke service on users, and to explore the effectiveness of a service provided by a third sector organisation working closely with other stroke service provision.

Design/methodology/approach
– Review of management documents and reports, polling views of 128 service users through a nationally recognised survey designed to assess the service impact, and using interviews and focus groups to gain a deeper understanding of the value and impact of the service from a range of professionals involved with delivering stroke care. Survey response rates were similar to that experienced nationally and the age/gender profile of respondents suggested they were representative.

Findings
– The service was highly regarded by service users as providing personal, practical and emotional support from people who were knowledgeable and accessible in acute hospitals. From the wider perspective, professionals involved in the stroke pathway saw the service as complementing the acute hospital provision and the stroke community nursing team. The organisation providing the support service worked effectively across health and social care boundaries and built on their existing links and trusted relationships.

Originality value
– This adds to the evidence that the personal impact of stroke is substantial, and on being discharged from acute care many survivors will still have considerable needs. For those responsible for meeting these needs, the particular model of delivering stroke support evaluated here has been found to have considerable merits and resilience in the changing landscape of tighter resources and NHS restructuring.
Rights that trump
Authors: Palm Elin 
Published: November 2013

Purpose– This paper aims to deal with an increasing securitization and criminalisation of migration in Europe highlighting ethical implications of the current surveillance-based EU migration governance. It is shown that EU member states employ surveillance regimes to control movements across borders and to restrict migrants' access to their territories. The ethical acceptability of such practices is questioned with a particular focus on the “freedom of movement”.Design/methodology/approach– In order to establish the extent to which the current EU migration governance can be considered ethically justifiable, the article starts out from the right to mobility as coded in the UN Declaration of Human Rights. It is shown that the current migration governance obstructs the rights specified in Articles 13 and 14. At the same time, shortcomings of the UN declaration are discussed and the need for a better protection of the freedom of movement is suggested.Findings– It is established that human rights are such that promote normative agency and a type of rights that trump, for example, states interests in restricting access to their territories do not outweigh individuals rights to seek asylum. In order to make this relation more clear however, the right to mobility should be made symmetric, including both a right to leave and to enter (but not a right to immigrate and settle). An extensive right to freedom of movement is advocated based on the significance of mobility for normative agency. A substantial right to mobility supports the right to seek asylum.Originality/value– As of yet, ethical implications of surveillance-based border control are under-researched.
Ethics of Google's Knowledge Graph: some considerations
Authors: Juel Vang Katrine 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the ethical implications of Google's Knowledge Graph. The paper argues that in the advent and implementation of said Knowledge Graph, the role of Google in users' lives and the power held by Google as the key intermediary of information must be scrutinized.

Design/methodology/approach
– Revisiting existing literature on Google and its impact on knowledge culture, the paper seeks to assess whether the implementation of The Knowledge Graph represents a significant shift in the nature (or use) of the service.

Findings
– The paper concludes that the extension to Google Search, The Knowledge Graph, can serve to radicalize Google's position as a key intermediary of information in users' lives. Rather than simply serving as a gatekeeper supplying the user with an array of links matching a given query, Google now conveniently disseminates information on their own site, roughly rendering the remainder of the web superfluous. Considering both the commercial nature and the opacity of the service, Google as a de facto solo editor of information is worrying from both a democratic and ethical perspective. A culture of emphatic insistence on convenience and consumption is likely to contribute to the impediment of autonomous information retrieval and digital literacy.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper must be considered a preliminary inquiry into Google's reliability as an editor of the body of knowledge. As of yet, no literature specifically has remarked on The Knowledge Graph.

Originality/value
– This paper examines whether the newest extension of Google Search, The Knowledge Graph, poses any significant changes to the assessment of the service and its role in the culture. Fostering critical, digital literacy in search engine users is deemed of even more vital importance to society with the implementation of The Knowledge Graph. This paper, preliminary and far from exhaustive, seeks to initiate a discussion on the future responsibilities of Google, scholars and users in securing the ideal of critical digital literacy.
How CEOs, CIOs and CMOs see the technology future of corporate openness, customer individualization and innovation partnerships
Authors: Ban Linda , Marshall Anthony 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The authors have analyzed IBM surveys on evolving C-suite technology priorities over several years to find fresh opportunities for Chief Executive Officers (CEOs), Chief Marketing Officers (CMOs) and Chief Information Officers (CIOs) to work closely together.

Design/methodology/approach
– This new study of evolving technology priorities is based on conversations with thousands of private and public sector C-suite executives participating in a series of IBM surveys over the past decade.

Findings
– The authors found that the major technology challenges facing corporations are how to manage openness across the organization, individualize customer relationships and invest in the partnership ecosystem for innovation.

Research limitations/implications
– This is a meta analysis based on a series of reports on IBM interviews with top executives starting in 2004.

Practical implications
– To achieve significant innovation, outperforming organizations are pursuing external partnerships. Increasingly partners are non-traditional – communities of interest, academic institutions or other types of organizations.

Originality/value
– The authors identify three key challenges for CEOs, CMOs and CIOs and show how they can align their technology plans and resources to address them.
Ten drivers of radical management in the “creative economy”
Authors: Denning Stephen 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The author has found that some companies are learning to thrive by adopting a customer-centric model of continuous innovation. He describes their practices.

Design/methodology/approach
– These masters of the new creative economy have abandoned many of the major pillars of twentieth century management thinking. The author describes the new principles of the radical management agenda.

Findings
– Ten dramatic shifts in management thinking have occurred. The author offers a blueprint for transition from the old to the new perspective.

Practical implications
– Leaders must give more attention to competing on the basis of value they are adding to customers, not simply how efficient they are.

Originality/value
– In the emerging creative economy, competitive advantage is increasingly transient. Today organizations can only survive by continuously satisfying the changing needs of the customer. The author provides a blueprint for action.