bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistive switching on MgO‐based metal‐insulator‐metal structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Menghini M. , Quinteros C. , Su C.‐Y , Homm P. , Levy P. , Kittl J. , Locquet J.‐P. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe report on non‐polar switching of the resistance between a low and a high resistive state in MgO‐based metal‐insulator‐metal structures. The MgO films were grown by MBE on top of Pt/Si substrates and Pt electrodes were evaporated on top. The obtained resistance ratio is of the order of 108‐109, much larger than previously reported values in similar devices. We observe a gradual degradation during consecutive switching events and a significant large dispersion of the voltages at which the resistance switch occurs. The overall behavior of the devices is assigned to a low defect density in these samples. The obtained results suggest that the resistive switching is produced by the formation and disruption of Mg metallic filaments. In order to analyze the influence of interfaces, we also study the effect of adding an intermediate layer of either Al2O3 or Mg within the Pt/MgO/Pt structures. The switching performance appears to be enhanced when Al2O3 is used. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Exercise Therapy for a Patient With Persistent Dyspnea After Combined Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture and Phrenic Nerve Injury
Authors: Han Kyu Yong , Bang Heui Je 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe present a case report of a patient with a history of diaphragmatic rupture who had persistent dyspnea for 9 months after primary surgical repair of a right diaphragmatic rupture caused by a car accident. A phrenic nerve conduction study was performed, which demonstrated a rare accompanying ipsilateral phrenic nerve injury with resultant hemidiaphragmatic paralysis. Aerobic exercise therapy for the purpose of improving endurance and dietary modification for weight reduction were prescribed and continued for 6 months. The exercise intensity was prescribed based on the percentage of maximum heart rate as confirmed by an exercise tolerance test. The duration of exercise was gradually increased. In this case, the long‐persistent dyspnea was successfully alleviated via nonoperative management to the point that the patient could resume regular activities of daily living.
The Oligocene succession in the eastern North Sea: basin development and depositional systems
Authors: JARSVE E. M. , EIDVIN T. , NYSTUEN J. P. , FALEIDE J. I. , GABRIELSEN R. H. , THYBERG B. I. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Oligocene sedimentary succession in the eastern North Sea is revised and re-interpreted by applying new state-of-the-art reflection seismic data integrated with new bio- and Sr-stratigraphy data from three key wells in the study area. The Oligocene succession in the eastern North Sea is divided into four transgressive–regressive (T-R) sequences, characterized by non-accretional and/or aggradational transgressive systems tracts and prograding regressive systems tracts. Detailed studies of three wells, including biostratigraphy and Sr analysis, constrain the age relationships between the T-R sequences. Internal clinoform geometry indicates that the sediments were sourced from the present southern Norwegian mainland to the north of the depositional area. The direction of progradation shifted from being SE-directed in the earliest Rupelian (early Oligocene) to S- and SW-directed during Chattian time (late Oligocene). Rapid basin subsidence is indicated by the development of non-accretionary transgressive systems tracts, with subsequent progradation into water depths of hundreds of metres. The creation of accommodation space was out of phase relative to eustatic sea-level changes, and mainly controlled by regional-scale differential vertical movements where uplift and exposure of landmasses of the hinterland (southern Norway) occurred concurrently with basin subsidence. Halokinesis had an intra-basinal influence on the main sediment transport direction, but probably did not contribute much in creation of accommodation space.
Chinese Residents of Burma as Refugees, Evacuees, and Returnees: The shared racial logic of territorialization in the regulation of wartime migration
Authors: CHEN TINA MAI 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis article analyses how, at the time of the Japanese military expansion across Asia in the 1930s and 1940s, the category of ‘Burma Chinese’ and notions of ‘Chineseness’ acquired meaning through the movement across Chinese and Indian borders of residents of Burma identified as Chinese. Focusing on the terminology utilized by various reporting organizations to refer to evacuees, refugees or returnees, this article asks what we can learn from bureaucratic exchanges and practices of documentation about the wartime migration of Burma Chinese. I argue that a shared racial logic of territorialization operates across divergent sets of correspondence concerned with the repatriation of Burma Chinese to Burma. Multiple acts of iteration and practical implementation of categories naturalized this racial logic with respect to Burma Chinese in the latter half of the 1940s. Understanding how the work of repatriating Burma Chinese rested upon a shared racial logic is important because the regulation of Asian wartime migration was foundational to the emerging international refugee regime and post-Second World War world order.
The influence of early feeding practices on healthy diet variety score among pre-school children in four European birth cohorts
Authors: Jones Louise , Moschonis George , Oliveira Andreia , de Lauzon-Guillain Blandine , Manios Yannis , Xepapadaki Paraskevi , Lopes Carla , Moreira Pedro , Charles Marie Aline , Emmett Pauline 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined whether maternal diet and early infant feeding experiences relating to being breast-fed and complementary feeding influence the range of healthy foods consumed in later childhood.DesignData from four European birth cohorts were studied. Healthy Plate Variety Score (HPVS) was calculated using FFQ. HPVS assesses the variety of healthy foods consumed within and across the five main food groups. The weighted numbers of servings consumed of each food group were summed; the maximum score was 5. Associations between infant feeding experiences, maternal diet and the HPVS were tested using generalized linear models and adjusted for appropriate confounders.SettingThe British Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), the French Etude des Déterminants pre et postnatals de la santé et du développement de L’Enfant study (EDEN), the Portuguese Generation XXI Birth Cohort and the Greek EuroPrevall cohort.SubjectsPre-school children and their mothers.ResultsThe mean HPVS for each of the cohorts ranged from 2·3 to 3·8, indicating that the majority of children were not eating a full variety of healthy foods. Never being breast-fed or being breast-fed for a short duration was associated with lower HPVS at 2, 3 and 4 years of age in all cohorts. There was no consistent association between the timing of complementary feeding and HPVS. Mother’s HPVS was strongly positively associated with child’s HPVS but did not greatly attenuate the relationship with breast-feeding duration.ConclusionsResults suggest that being breast-fed for a short duration is associated with pre-school children eating a lower variety of healthy foods.
Role of extracellular calcium and mitochondrial oxygen species in psychosine-induced oligodendrocyte cell death
Authors: Voccoli V , Tonazzini I , Signore G , Caleo M , Cecchini M 
Published: November 2014

AbstractGloboid cell leukodystrophy (GLD) is a metabolic disease caused by mutations in the galactocerebrosidase (GALC) gene. GALC is a lysosomal enzyme whose function is to degrade galacto-lipids, including galactosyl-ceramide and galactosyl-sphingosine (psychosine, PSY). GALC loss of function causes progressive intracellular accumulation of PSY. It is widely held that PSY is the main trigger for the degeneration of myelinating cells and progressive white-matter loss. However, still little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which PSY imparts toxicity. Here, we address the role of calcium dynamics during PSY-induced cell death. Using the human oligodendrocyte cell line MO3.13, we report that cell death by PSY is accompanied by robust cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) elevations, and by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Importantly, we demonstrate that the reduction of extracellular calcium content by the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid can decrease intra-mitochondrial ROS production and enhance cell viability. Antioxidant administration also reduces mitochondrial ROS production and cell loss, but this treatment does not synergize with Ca2+ chelation. Our results disclose novel intracellular pathways involved in PSY-induced death that may be exploited for therapeutic purposes to delay GLD onset and/or slow down its progression.
Permafrost thawing as a possible source of abrupt carbon release at the onset of the Bølling/Allerød
Authors: Köhler Peter , Knorr Gregor , Bard Edouard 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOne of the most abrupt and yet unexplained past rises in atmospheric CO2 (>10 p.p.m.v. in two centuries) occurred in quasi-synchrony with abrupt northern hemispheric warming into the Bølling/Allerød, ~14,600 years ago. Here we use a U/Th-dated record of atmospheric Δ14C from Tahiti corals to provide an independent and precise age control for this CO2 rise. We also use model simulations to show that the release of old (nearly 14C-free) carbon can explain these changes in CO2 and Δ14C. The Δ14C record provides an independent constraint on the amount of carbon released (~125 Pg C). We suggest, in line with observations of atmospheric CH4 and terrigenous biomarkers, that thawing permafrost in high northern latitudes could have been the source of carbon, possibly with contribution from flooding of the Siberian continental shelf during meltwater pulse 1A. Our findings highlight the potential of the permafrost carbon reservoir to modulate abrupt climate changes via greenhouse-gas feedbacks.
Intraword Variability in Typical Speech Development
Authors: Sosa Anna V. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Intraword variability
(sometimes called
token-to-token variabilit
y) has been associated with certain types of speech disorder. It has also been documented in typical speech development. The purpose of this study was to investigate intraword variability in typically developing 2- and 3-year-olds to determine expected rates and patterns of variability in typical speech development.

Method
Participants were 33 children aged 2;6 (years;months) to 3;11 with typical speech development. Three productions of 25 target words were elicited, and an overall variability score was calculated. Response type and the effect of word length were investigated.

Results
Variability rates decreased with age; however, the oldest children (ages 3;6–3;11) continued to display considerable variability. The most common response type was variable with no hits (i.e., variable production with none matching the target form) for all age groups, and variability was greatest for longer words.

Conclusions
Variability is prevalent in the speech of typically developing 2- and 3-year-olds and was observed even in the oldest children. Future work is needed to determine at what age this type of phonemic variability is no longer prevalent in typical speech development. Clinicians should use caution in interpreting the presence of intraword variability as indicative of specific subtypes of speech disorder.
Narrative Performance of Gifted African American School-Aged Children From Low-Income Backgrounds
Authors: Mills Monique T. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
This study investigated classroom differences in the narrative performance of school-age African American English (AAE)-speaking children in gifted and general education classrooms.

Method

Forty-three children, Grades 2–5, each generated fictional narratives in response to the book
Frog, Where Are You?
(Mayer, 1969). Differences in performance on traditional narrative measures (total number of communication units [C-units], number of different words, and mean length of utterance in words) and on AAE production (dialect density measure) between children in gifted and general education classrooms were examined.

Results
There were no classroom-based differences in total number of C-units, number of different words, and mean length of utterance in words. Children in gifted education classrooms produced narratives with lower dialect density than did children in general educated classrooms. Direct logistic regression assessed whether narrative dialect density measure scores offered additional information about giftedness beyond scores on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Fourth Edition (Dunn & Dunn, 2007), a standard measure of language ability. Results indicated that a model with only Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Fourth Edition scores best discriminated children in the 2 classrooms.

Conclusion
African American children across gifted and general education classrooms produce fictional narratives of similar length, lexical diversity, and syntax complexity. However, African American children in gifted education classrooms may produce lower rates of AAE and perform better on standard measures of vocabulary than those in general education classrooms.
Surface Electrical Stimulation Perturbation Context Determines the Presence of Error Reduction in Swallowing Hyolaryngeal Kinematics
Authors: Humbert Ianessa A. , Christopherson Heather , Lokhande Akshay 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
Error-based learning (EBL) involves gradually reducing movement errors caused by a perturbation. When the perturbation has been unexpectedly removed, exaggerated movements occur in the opposite direction of a perturbation effect, known as aftereffects. Our goal was to determine whether the perturbation type impacts error reduction or aftereffects in swallowing hyolaryngeal kinematics.

Method
We perturbed peak hyolaryngeal elevation during swallowing in 16 healthy adults with surface electrical stimulation (SES) in 2 different ways during videofluoroscopy: intermittent SES (I-SES) was applied only during swallowing, and continuous SES (C-SES) was applied during swallowing and during interswallow intervals. In C-SES and I-SES, the onset and offset of the perturbation were unmasked.

Results
Only the C-SES perturbation caused error reduction (gradually increasing peak elevation). Aftereffects were absent in both perturbations, unlike findings from our previous study with masked perturbation. Furthermore, the duration of laryngeal vestibule closure (dLVC) increased during the I-SES perturbation but was unchanged during C-SES perturbation.

Conclusion
EBL of swallowing airway protection events was strongly influenced by the context of the perturbation. These findings also elucidate how the relationship among critical swallowing airway protection events (hyoid peak, laryngeal peak, and dLVC) can be modified during EBL.
Topoisomerase 1 inhibition reversibly impairs synaptic function
Authors: Mabb Angela M. , Kullmann Paul H. M. , Twomey Margaret A. , Miriyala Jayalakshmi , Philpot Benjamin D. , Zylka Mark J. 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Topoisomerases are enzymes that resolve DNA supercoiling during cell division and gene transcription. Inhibitors of these enzymes are used to treat multiple forms of cancer. Recently we found that topoisomerase inhibitors have profound effects on synaptic genes expressed in the brain. Here we examine the contribution of a clinically used topoisomerase inhibitor on the expression of synaptic proteins and synaptic transmission. We find that inhibition of topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) dampens excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in cortical neurons. Additionally, these effects are fully reversible, because synaptic protein levels and synaptic transmission recover upon washout of the TOP1 inhibitor. These findings provide insights into how inhibition of TOP1 impacts synaptic function in neurons.
Caspase-1 autoproteolysis is differentially required for NLRP1b and NLRP3 inflammasome function
Authors: Guey Baptiste , Bodnar Mélanie , Manié Serge N. , Tardivel Aubry , Petrilli Virginie 
Published: November 2014

Significance
In the context of the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine rich repeat pyrin containing 1b (NLRP1b) inflammasome activation by anthrax lethal toxin, we reveal a new role for full-length caspase-1. We directly demonstrate that the caspase-1 45-kDa zymogen is able to process pro–IL-1β and to induce pyroptosis, and that apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD is dispensable for the activity of the NLRP1b inflammasome. This is in contrast to the NLRP3 inflammasome activity, which is inhibited in the absence of caspase-1 autoproteolyis. Our data, which highlight differential requirements for caspase-1 autoproteolysis in NLRP1b and NLRP3 inflammasome function, may have implications for pathogen recognition and response.
Natural low-molecular mass organic compounds with oxidase activity as organocatalysts
Authors: Nishiyama Tatsuya , Hashimoto Yoshiteru , Kusakabe Hitoshi , Kumano Takuto , Kobayashi Michihiko 
Published: November 2014

SignificanceOrganocatalysts are low-molecular mass organic compounds composed of nonmetallic elements. Here, we report that actinorhodin (ACT), a bacterial-derived antimicrobial compound, acts as an organocatalyst, as indicated by the following findings: (i) substrate oxidation reactions that produced H2O2proceeded in the presence of ACT; (ii) ACT was not consumed during the reactions; and (iii) a catalytic amount of ACT consumed an excess amount of the substrates. We propose that ACT kills bacteria by producing toxic amounts of H2O2. We also screened various ACT-like natural products and identified several that exhibited catalytic activity, suggesting that living organisms produce and use them as biocatalysts in nature.
Revealing an unusual transparent phase of superhard iron tetraboride under high pressure
Authors: Kotmool Komsilp , Kaewmaraya Thanayut , Chakraborty Sudip , Anversa Jonas , Bovornratanaraks Thiti , Luo Wei , Gou Huiyang , Piquini Paulo Cesar , Kang Tae Won , Mao Ho-kwang , Ahuja Rajeev 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Solids have been mainly studied at ambient conditions (i.e., at room temperature and zero pressure). However, it was realized early that there is also a fundamental relation between volume and structure and that this dependence could be most fruitfully studied by means of high-pressure experimental techniques. From a theoretical point of view this is an ideal type of experiment, because only the volume is changed, which is a very clean variation of the external conditions. In the present study we show a hard superconducting material, iron tetraboride, transforms into a novel transparent phase under pressure. Further, this phase is the first system in this class, to our knowledge, and opens a new route to search for and design new transparent materials.
Concluding remarks
Authors: Ko Heejeong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractChapter 6 evaluates my proposal against other influential models of cyclic syntax, and wraps up the discussion with an overall summary. In particular, it consider the impact of its arguments for Chomsky’s proposition-based phase model. It is shown that the series of arguments developed in this book presents counterevidence to the Phase Impenetrability Condition (PIC). It is argued that the edge must be spelled out together with its complement, contra the PIC. The contrast between domain-internal vs. domain-external movement out of edges as well as general order-preservation effects cannot be properly explained under the PIC model. It is also shown that the evidence in support of order-preservation effects in multiple edges presents non-trivial challenges for the PIC approach. It also discusses some implications of my proposal for principles in the narrow syntax such as locality in movement, scrambling, and argument structure.
PJA von Feuerbach and his Textbook of the Common Penal Law
Authors: Hörnle Tatjana 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
PJA Feuerbach is still considered a founding father of modern criminal law science. His Textbook on penal law is a classic. One of his lasting contributions is the insistence on a strictly rational justification of criminal punishment. He proposed a deterrence-based theory that shifts the focus from the conviction of offenders and the execution of sanctions towards the statutory threat. Discussing the criticism of Feuerbach’s punishment theory, the chapter concludes that punishment cannot be justified by referring to just one notion such as deterrence. The chapter analyzes Feuerbach’s elaboration of the principle of nulla poena sine lege, distinguishing the prohibition of retroactive criminal laws and Feuerbach’s insistence on the existence of statutory laws. A third achievement of the Textbook is the introduction of a framework for criminalization. Feuerbach defines in a general way what kind of conduct can be called a crime: a crime consists in the violation of another person’s rights...
Recently Excavated Manuscripts
Authors: Redmond Geoffrey , Hon Tze-ki 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Zhouyi scholarship has been transformed by the discovery of manuscripts of closely related texts in the course of archaeological excavation. These are arguably the most important events in the history of Yijing interpretation since the Song. These manuscripts are dated to the late Warring States (the manuscript now-owned by the Shanghai Museum) or early Han (the manuscript found near Mawangdui). These manuscripts contain numerous variant characters, but overall are quite similar to the transmitted text. Most of the variants are phonetic loans, but some are substantive and thus of great interest. Study of these manuscripts has been mainly by PRC scholars, but a significant literature in English exists and is reviewed in this chapter. Important findings include: the fact that something similar to the received text was in circulation by about 300 BCE; that the Changes circulated in multiple versions, none of which can be declared to be the urtext; that the names and order of the hexagrams varied; and that the manuscripts clarify the meanings of certain obscure words and phrases. The excavated materials discussed in this chapter include those of the Shanghai Museum, the roughly contemporaneous Guodian find, the well-studied Mawangdui Yijing, the Baoshan and Wangshan divination texts, the Guicang, Ji Zhong bamboo strips, and the Fuyang manuscript. There is also a discussion of the ethical issues raised by the study of looted manuscripts.
Moral Cultivation
Authors: Redmond Geoffrey , Hon Tze-ki 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In response to the challenges of Daoism and Buddhism, Confucian thinkers from the eleventh to seventeenth centuries revived Confucianism by developing a sophisticated method of moral cultivation. That new method of moral cultivation, known today as “moral metaphysics,” was derived from the Dazhuan (Great Commentary) of the Ten Wings. The method assumes that human beings are ontologically and spiritually linked to the universe, therefore their moral actions are simultaneously cosmic and metaphysical. Focusing on two major neo-Confucian thinkers—Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi—this chapter explains how the Yijing can be read as an ethical text. This association of the Yijing with self-examination accounts for much of the contemporary appeal, ever since C. G. Jung’s 1951 foreword to the Wilhelm-Baynes translation commended the classic as “one long admonition to careful scrutiny of one’s own character, attitude, and motives” (Wilhelm and Baynes 1950: xxxiv.). Demonstrating that the Yijing was, and still is, a way of fostering self-knowledge enables students to understand how it functioned as a tool for living, not merely a collection of obscure texts and exotic diagrams.