bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuity and coordination of care for childhood cancer survivors with multiple chronic conditions: Results from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Snyder Claire , Smith Katherine C. , Leisenring Wendy M. , Stratton Kayla L. , Boyd Cynthia M. , Choi Youngjee , Dean Lorraine T. , Hudson Melissa M. , Chow Eric J. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Park Elyse R. , McDonald Aaron J. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Nathan Paul C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionContinuity and coordination‐of‐care for childhood cancer survivors with multiple chronic conditions are understudied but critical for appropriate follow‐up care.MethodsFrom April through June 2022, 800 Childhood Cancer Survivor Study participants with two or more chronic conditions (one or more severe/life‐threatening/disabling) were emailed the “Patient Perceived Continuity‐of‐Care from Multiple Clinicians” survey. The survey asked about survivors’ main (takes care of most health care) and coordinating (ensures follow‐up) provider, produced three care‐coordination summary scores (main provider, across multiple providers, patient–provider partnership), and included six discontinuity indicators (e.g., having to organize own care). Discontinuity (yes/no) was defined as poor care on one or more discontinuity item. Chi‐square tests assessed associations between discontinuity and sociodemographics. Modified Poisson regression models estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) for discontinuity risk associated with the specialty and number of years seeing the main and coordinating provider, and PRs associated with better scores on the three care‐coordination summary measures. Inverse probability weights adjusted for survey non‐participation.ResultsA total of 377 (47%) survivors responded (mean age 48 years, 68% female, 89% non‐Hispanic White, 78% privately insured, 74% ≥college graduate); 147/373 (39%) reported discontinuity. Younger survivors were more likely to report discontinuity (chi‐square p = .02). Seeing the main provider ≤3 years was associated with more prevalent discontinuity (PR; 95%CI) (1.17; 1.02‐1.34 vs ≥ 10 years). Cancer specialist main providers were associated with less prevalent discontinuity (0.81; 0.66–0.99 vs. primary care). Better scores on all three care‐coordination summary measures were associated with less prevalent discontinuity: main provider (0.73; 0.64–0.83), across multiple providers (0.81; 0.78–0.83), patient–provider partnership (0.85; 0.80–0.89).ConclusionsCare discontinuity among childhood cancer survivors is prevalent and requires intervention.
Comparison of incident breast cancer cases in the largest national US tumor registries
Authors: Plichta Jennifer K. , Thomas Samantha M. , Chanenchuk Tori C. , Chan Kelley , Hyslop Terry , Hwang E. Shelley , Greenup Rachel A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study compared incident breast cancer cases in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results Program (SEER) to a national population cancer registry.MethodsPatients with malignant or in situ breast cancer (BC) 2010–2019 in the NCDB and SEER were compared to the US Cancer Statistics (USCS). Case coverage was estimated as the number of patients in the NCDB/SEER as a proportion of USCS cases.ResultsThe USCS reported 3,047,509 patients; 77.5% patients were included in the NCDB and 46.0% in SEER. Case ascertainment varied significantly by patient sex (both registries, p < .001). For males, 84.1% were captured in the NCDB, whereas only 77.5% of females were included. Case coverage in SEER was better for females than males (46.1% vs. 43.5%). Registries varied significantly by race/ethnicity (both p < .001). Case coverage in the NCDB was highest for non‐Hispanic White (78.2%), non‐Hispanic Black (77.7%), and non‐Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander (72.5%) BC patients, and lowest for Hispanic (56.4%) and non‐Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native (41.1%) patients. In SEER, case coverage was highest for non‐Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander (78.1%) and Hispanic (69.6%) patients and it was significantly lower for all other subgroups (non‐Hispanic Black, 44.8%; non‐Hispanic White, 42.4%; and non‐Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native, 36.6%).ConclusionsNational US tumor registries provide data for a large sampling of breast cancer patients, yet significant differences in case coverage were observed based on age, sex, and race/ethnicity. These findings suggest that analyses using these data sets and interpretation of findings should account for these meaningful variances.
Solid‐state laser (266 nm) as an alternative to ArF excimer laser (193 nm) for corneal reshaping: Comparative numerical study of the thermal effect
Authors: Abdelhalim Ibrahim , Hassan Aziza Ahmed , Abdelkawi Salwa , Elnaby Salah Hassab , Rahbar Sahar , Hamdy Omnia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLaser corneal reshaping is a safe and effective technique utilized to treat common vision disorders. An advanced laser delivery system equipped with a pulsed UV laser with specific parameters is used to ablate parts of the cornea surface to correct the existing refractive error. The argon fluoride (ArF) excimer pulsed gas laser at 193 nm is the most employed type in the commercial devices for such treatments. This laser is generated using a mixture of Argon, Fluorine, and a significant amount of Neon gases. However, due to the ongoing Russian‐Ukraine war, the availability of Neon gas is currently very limited, as this region is considered the primary supplier of pure Neon gas. Consequently we suggest replacing the common ArF laser source in the commercial devices with a solid‐state (forth harmonic neodymium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser at 266 nm). This replacement uses the same operation parameters, optics, and scanning algorithm. Parameters from five commercial devices (Zeiss MEL 90, Technolas TENEO 317, Alcon Wave Light EX 500, Schwind Amaris 750 s, OptoSystems MICROSCAN VISUM) were compared with those of the i‐ablation device, a research device that uses a 266 nm laser source. Our goal is to reduce production costs through a simple modification that has a significant impact. Consequently, the present study aims to find an alternative laser source for the current ArF laser without exchanging the complete system's design. This recommendation is based on a numerical simulation study. The thermal effect on a human cornea model was numerically evaluated using finite‐element solutions of Pennes' bioheat equation on the COMSOL platform by applying two laser wavelengths. The results demonstrated that changing the laser source significantly impacts the thermal effect, even with the same laser settings. All studied devices showed a reduction in the thermal effect to below 40°C, compared with nearly 100°C under ordinary conditions.
GSTO2 ameliorates human neuroblastoma cell apoptosis, inflammation, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress by upregulating GPX4 expression in intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Liu Chaoyi , Tian Weihua , Lei Dan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe hemorrhagic stroke and induces severe secondary neurological injury. However, its pathogenesis remains to be explored. The present work investigates the role of glutathione S‐transferase omega 2 (GSTO2) in ICH and the underlying mechanism. Human neuroblastoma cells (SK‐N‐SH) were stimulated using hemin to mimic ICH‐like injury. Protein expression levels of GSTO2 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were detected by western blot analysis assay. Cell viability was assessed by cell counting kit‐8 assay. Cell proliferation was investigated by 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α levels were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Fe2+ colorimetric assay kit was used to detect Fe2+ level. A cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kit was used to detect ROS levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was assessed using the MDA content assay kit. GSH level was quantified using the GSH assay kit. Co‐immunoprecipitation assay was performed to identify the association between GSTO2 and GPX4. Hemin stimulation suppressed SK‐N‐SH cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis, cell inflammation, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress. GSTO2 expression was downregulated in hemin‐treated SK‐N‐SH cells in comparison with the control group. In addition, ectopic GSTO2 expression counteracted hemin‐induced inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and promoting effects on cell apoptosis, inflammation, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress. Moreover, GSTO2 was associated with GPX4 in SK‐N‐SH cells. GPX4 silencing attenuated GSTO2 overexpression‐induced effects on hemin‐stimulated SK‐N‐SH cell injury. GSTO2 ameliorated SK‐N‐SH cell apoptosis, inflammation, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress by upregulating GPX4 expression in ICH, providing a therapeutic strategy for ICH.
Family therapy for emerging adults with anorexia nervosa: Expert opinion on evidence, practice considerations, and future directions
Authors: Dodge Elizabeth , Baudinet Julian , Austin Amelia , Eisler Ivan , Le Grange Daniel , Dimitropoulos Gina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVarious forms of eating disorder focused family therapy (FT‐ED) have been developed and evaluated for adolescents. FT‐ED for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) focuses on empowering parents/carers with the knowledge and skills required to facilitate recovery for their child. The recent trend and increased awareness of the period between adolescence and adulthood during ages 18–25, known as ‘emerging adulthood’, has brought into question whether the traditional treatment approach for adults with AN, that is, individual therapies, is the most appropriate approach for this age group. This paper briefly outlines the current forms FT‐ED for emerging adults with AN and examines the evidence for each. We then present considerations for tailoring FT‐ED for emerging adults with AN across three broad domains: structure and set‐up, process, and content. Finally, we present suggestions on how to troubleshoot common pitfalls that may be encountered, such as reluctance to include parents in treatment. Future research should examine which forms of FT‐ED are best for which emerging adults and families and under what contexts. There is also a need to explore the incorporation of technology into sessions with families who live apart.
Severity of illness and risk of mortality from all patient refined‐diagnosis related groups: Two scales of different concepts or two sides of the same coin?
Authors: Santos João Vasco , Viana João , Pinto Carla , Souza Júlio , Lopes Fernando , Freitas Alberto , Lopes Sílvia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAll patient refined‐diagnosis related groups (APR‐DRGs) includes severity of illness (SOI) and risk of mortality (ROM) subclasses. For predictions, both subscales are used together or interchangeably. We aimed to compare SOI and ROM by evaluating the reliability and agreement between both. We performed a retrospective observational study using mainland Portuguese public hospitalisations of adult patients from 2011 to 2016. Reliability (quadratic weighted kappa) and agreement (proportion of agreement) between SOI and ROM were analysed overall and by APR‐DRG. While overall reliability and agreement between SOI and ROM were high (weighted kappa: 0.717, 95% CI 0.717–0.718; proportion of agreement: 69.0%, 95% CI 69.0–69.0) there was high heterogeneity across APR‐DRGs, ranging from 0.016 to 0.846 on reliability and from 23.1% to 94.8% on agreement. Most of APR‐DRGs (263 out of 284) showed a higher proportion of episodes with ROM level above the SOI level than the opposite. In conclusion, SOI and Risk of Mortality measures must be clearly distinguished and are ‘two scales of different concepts’ rather than ‘two sides of the same coin’. However, this is more evident for some APR‐DRGs than for others.
Positive youth development of Tayal and Han adolescents in Taiwan: A cultural and structural perspective
Authors: Yang Pei‐Jung , McGinley Meredith 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionUsing the Five Cs model of positive youth development (PYD), this study aimed to provide a socio‐structural and cultural understanding of PYD in Indigenous Tayal youth by examining the specificity in the development of Five Cs (Competence, Confidence, Character, Caring, and Connection) between Tayal and Han youth in Taiwan.MethodsA sample of 847 Tayal and Han adolescents (43.8% Tayal, 47.9% girls, Mage = 14.83, SD = 0.50) were drawn from a larger study (September 2014 to August 2017). Adolescent participants completed questionnaires asking about their Five Cs, contribution behavior, and depressive symptomatology.ResultsMeasurement invariance was conducted to explore specificity between Tayal and Han youth's Five Cs performance. A bi‐factor Five Cs model was identified and partial metric and partial scalar measurement invariance was established between the two samples. Across both groups an overarching PYD factor, which was associated with increased contribution and lower depressive symptomatology, was identified. Specificity was observed in the Tayal sample, particularly relating to indicators of Competence, Character, Caring, and Connection.ConclusionThe findings of this study provide a sociocultural‐informed lens regarding the specificity of development in Tayal youth. Character, Caring, and Connection appear to contribute significantly more to the overall PYD for Tayal adolescents than their Han peers. Findings relating to Competence suggest that the educational environment may not be aligned with the learning style of Tayal youth. This study has policy and practical implications for Tayal youth, and can further help inform program development in Taiwan and internationally.
Interventions to support medical trainee well‐being after patient death: A scoping review
Authors: Ibrahim Halah , Oyoun Alsoud Leen , West Kelsey , Maraka Jude O. , Sorrell Sara , Harhara Thana , Nair Satish C. , Vetter Cecelia J. , Krishna Lalit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMedical trainees are at the forefront of end‐of‐life care provision in the hospital setting but often feel unprepared to manage the complex emotions after patient death.ObjectivesTo systematically identify and synthesize the published literature on interventions to support medical trainees dealing with patient death.MethodsSearches were conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Psych Info, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, and ERIC from inception to June 30, 2023. English language peer‐reviewed publications of interventions to support medical students and residents/fellows dealing with patient death. Studies of practicing clinicians and nonphysician healthcare trainees were excluded. Two reviewers independently determined study eligibility. Discrepancies were resolved through consensus and a third reviewer served as a tiebreaker if needed.ResultsOf the 9107 articles retrieved, 973 underwent full‐text review, and 50 studies met inclusion criteria. Most interventions targeted residents (n = 32; 64%) and were conducted in North America (n = 45, 90%). Types of interventions included preventive measures involving educational lectures and workshops (n = 19; 38%), clinical placements (n = 10; 20%), and postventions (n = 16; 32%), including debriefing and memorial services. Several interventions incorporated the arts (n = 5; 10%), including movies, drama, and artwork, and most incorporated reflective narratives (n = 16; 32%). Most interventions were limited in frequency and duration.ConclusionsThis review identified several interventions to support trainees through the experience of patient death but also highlighted areas for improvement. Strengthening support for medical trainees will foster emotionally resilient physicians who are better equipped to deliver high‐quality, empathetic care to dying patients and their families.
A toolkit to facilitate skin research participation in underrepresented ethnic populations: A co‐designed, mixed methods refinement exercise
Authors: Choy S. P. , Naveed M. , Prasad J. , Quadry K. , Moorhead L. , Smith C. H. , Mahil S. K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundInclusive, generalisable research is vital to inform evidence‐based patient care. However, people from ethnic minority backgrounds remain underrepresented in research, increasing health disparities in under‐served communities.ObjectivesCodevelop a toolkit to increase the representation of people from ethnic minority groups in skin research.MethodsOur four‐phase approach comprised: (1) focus group discussions with individuals from ethnic minority groups with skin diseases to identify barriers and enablers to participate in skin research, (2) a narrative literature review, (3) development of a skin research inclusion toolkit, (4) dissemination of findings.ResultsFocus group discussions (phase 1) identified a positive value model (belief in the value of research) and inclusive recruitment strategies (e.g. strong patient–recruiter relationships) as enablers to participation. Barriers included mistrust in research (e.g. poor information on personal data use) and social stigma of skin disease. Our narrative literature review (phase 2) reinforced these themes. Social stigma may accentuate feelings of shame or embarrassment associated with a skin condition. Mistrust is accentuated by a lack of information or understanding about research processes. Understanding distinct motivators for research participation across ethnic groups may help to cultivate a positive value model. Inclusive recruitment strategies should be codeveloped with populations of interest and culturally competent research teams to build lasting partnerships.Phases 1‐2 informed a skin research inclusion toolkit (phase 3), which recommends researchers formulate (i) an inclusion plan during study design (e.g. consider differences in pathophysiology of skin diseases across ethnic groups), (ii) inclusive enrolment strategies (e.g. skin‐of‐colour education to clinicians and patients to address disease‐associated stigma, codevelop study materials including translations) and (iii) retention strategies (e.g. time or travel reimbursement, timely feedback of findings). In phase 4, findings were disseminated to focus group participants.ConclusionsOur co‐designed toolkit has the potential to improve ethnic diversity in skin research cohorts to enable more representative findings.
Evaluation of Burn Wound Healing Efficacy and Biocompatibility of Centella asiatica Mediated Synthesised AgNPs Loaded Hybrid Nanofiber Scaffold: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Authors: Bozkaya Ogün , Bozkaya Esra , Ekici Hüsamettin , Alçığır Mehmet Eray , Şahin Yaşar , Aytuna Çerçi Nebahat , Karahan Siyami , Yiğitoğlu Mustafa , Vargel İbrahim 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the cell responses, potential skin reactions during the treatment process and burn wound healing efficacy of electrospun polycaprolactone/polyethylene oxide (PCL/PEO) nanofibers (NFs) containing Centella asiatica mediated synthesized silver nanoparticles (CA‐AgNPs) by in vitro and in vivo studies. Apoptosis‐necrosis, genotoxicity, hemolysis, and cell attachment studies are carried out within the scope of in vitro tests, and irritation, sensitivity, and burn wound studies are carried out within the scope of in vivo tests. The apoptotic index value of CA‐AgNPs‐[PCL/PEO] NFs material on L929 fibroblast cells is determined as 5.0 ± 1.0% at the highest concentration and the necrotic index value is 5.0 ± 0.3%. Micronucleus rates (%) of NFs treated with CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cells are not at genotoxic level. The hemolytic index value of NFs dressing is determined as 0.23 ± 0.03%, The primary irritation index (PII) value of NFs wound dressing is calculated as 0.36 by irritation tests. In addition, the potential sensitization reaction of NFs extract on guinea pigs is evaluated and the sensitization score is determined as 0.9. The healing efficacy of NFs material on second‐degree burn wounds compared to a commercial product is supported by pathomorphological findings.
An IoT Intrusion Detection Approach Based on Salp Swarm and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Alzubi Omar A. , Alzubi Jafar A. , Qiqieh Issa , Al‐Zoubi Ala' M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe Internet of Things has emerged as a significant and influential technology in modern times. IoT presents solutions to reduce the need for human intervention and emphasizes task automation. According to a Cisco report, there were over 14.7 billion IoT devices in 2023. However, as the number of devices and users utilizing this technology grows, so does the potential for security breaches and intrusions. For instance, insecure IoT devices, such as smart home appliances or industrial sensors, can be vulnerable to hacking attempts. Hackers might exploit these vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or even control the devices remotely. To address and prevent this issue, this work proposes integrating intrusion detection systems (IDSs) with an artificial neural network (ANN) and a salp swarm algorithm (SSA) to enhance intrusion detection in an IoT environment. The SSA functions as an optimization algorithm that selects optimal networks for the multilayer perceptron (MLP). The proposed approach has been evaluated using three novel benchmarks: Edge‐IIoTset, WUSTL‐IIOT‐2021, and IoTID20. Additionally, various experiments have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Additionally, a comparison is made between the proposed approach and several approaches from the literature, particularly SVM combined with various metaheuristic algorithms. Then, identify the most crucial features for each dataset to improve detection performance. The SSA‐MLP outperforms the other algorithms with 88.241%, 93.610%, and 97.698% for Edge‐IIoTset, IoTID20, and WUSTL, respectively.
ProKube: Proactive Kubernetes Orchestrator for Inference in Heterogeneous Edge Computing
Authors: Ali Babar , Golec Muhammed , Singh Gill Sukhpal , Cuadrado Felix , Uhlig Steve 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTDeep neural network (DNN) and machine learning (ML) models/ inferences produce highly accurate results demanding enormous computational resources. The limited capacity of end‐user smart gadgets drives companies to exploit computational resources in an edge‐to‐cloud continuum and host applications at user‐facing locations with users requiring fast responses. Kubernetes hosted inferences with poor resource request estimation results in service level agreement (SLA) violation in terms of latency and below par performance with higher end‐to‐end (E2E) delays. Lifetime static resource provisioning either hurts user experience for under‐resource provisioning or incurs cost with over‐provisioning. Dynamic scaling offers to remedy delay by upscaling leading to additional cost whereas a simple migration to another location offering latency in SLA bounds can reduce delay and minimize cost. To address this cost and delay challenges for ML inferences in the inherent heterogeneous, resource‐constrained, and distributed edge environment, we propose ProKube, which is a proactive container scaling and migration orchestrator to dynamically adjust the resources and container locations with a fair balance between cost and delay. ProKube is developed in conjunction with Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) enabling cross‐cluster migration and/ or dynamic scaling. It further supports the regular addition of freshly collected logs into scheduling decisions to handle unpredictable network behavior. Experiments conducted in heterogeneous edge settings show the efficacy of ProKube to its counterparts cost greedy (CG), latency greedy (LG), and GeKube (GK). ProKube offers 68%, 7%, and 64% SLA violation reduction to CG, LG, and GK, respectively, and it improves cost by 4.77 cores to LG and offers more cost of 3.94 to CG and GK.