bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The rise and fall of Porsoniasm
Authors: Stray Christopher 
Published: April 2013

In 1903, in the preface to the first volume of his edition of Manilius, Housman wrote:… we now witness in Germany pretty much what happened in England after 1825, when our own great age of scholarship, begun in 1691 by Bentley's Epistola ad Millium, was ended by the successive strokes of doom which consigned Dobree and Elmsley to the grave and Blomfield to the bishopric of Chester. England disappeared from the fellowship of nations for the next forty years.(Housman (1903) xlii)The name which lurks unspoken behind this paragraph is that of Richard Porson, and Dobree, Elmsley and Blomfield, whose namesarespoken, were all in different ways his disciples. Although Porson had no pupils and gave no lectures, in the generation just after his death he had a number of followers who cultivated his memory and emulated his style, at least before they were removed to higher spheres by death or preferment to bishoprics. If the cultivation of his scholarly style can be called Porsonianism, it was the cult of Porson himself after his death in 1808, centred on Trinity College, Cambridge, for which three years later the Oxford scholar Peter Elmsley coined the name ‘Porsoniasm’. As one might expect, the name-giver was an outsider. Yet as his inclusion in Housman's sketch indicates, Elmsley could be called a Porsonian, and indeed in 1911, in his inaugural lecture as Professor of Latin at Cambridge, Housman remarked that ‘scholarship meant to Elmsley what it meant to Dobree’ (Housman (1969) 25). But though Elmsley was a Porsonian, he was not (if I may venture ahapaxof my own) a Porsoniast.
Phonetic attributions of undeciphered characters: the case of sign *56in Linear B
Authors: Kyriakidis Evangelos 
Published: April 2013

After the decipherment of Linear B and the attribution of phonetic values to most signs, several others still remain undeciphered. Any attempt to reconstruct their phonetic value is beset with difficulties. In this paper we will attempt to set out some basic principles for making reconstructions of undeciphered characters in well-studied scripts. We shall then look specifically at the range of evidence available and the various theories built around the decipherment of Linear B sign*56trying to construct a strong argument in favour of one possible phonetic attribution. In doing so we shall comment on the strengths and weaknesses of the various arguments, thus illuminating the usefulness of such principles in making a secure attribution.Principles for secure reconstructionsMost phonetic attributions at this advanced level of script decipherment, where most if not all the basic phonemes or groups of phonemes can be represented through the characters already deciphered, are supported by words that are spelt in two alternative ways, with the undeciphered character and with the deciphered one respectively, enabling the equation of the phonemic value of the two characters. The general principle that governs this decipherment method is that both ‘alternative spellings’ should clearly refer to the same thing. Another principle in this should be that the more complicated the situation, the safer the interpretation as there will be less potential for coincidence.
Lectures on Horace'sEpistles
Authors: Fowler† Don 
Published: April 2013

Lecture one: Reading Horace, or L'homme et l'oeuvreAll criticism is also biography: and telling a story about a text is also telling a story about oneself. This is particularly true of Horace. When one writes about Horace, one is constructing a Horace, making the man: and constructing a Horace is inevitably also constructing oneself. Consider for example, Colin Macleod, whose last graduate class before his suicide was on Horace'sEpistles, and who wrote extensively on Horace. Macleod's Horace was complex, often contradictory, morally serious – which fits Macleod of course.
The ‘potential’ optative in Homeric Greek
Authors: Willmott Jo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWhen translating the ‘potential’ Homeric Greek optative into English, ‘could’ is often the best modal verb to use, to be preferred to the more usual ‘would’. I will argue that, in some cases, this reveals that the optative expresses what is termed in the literature ‘dynamic’ modality. Examining several examples in more detail I will claim that the optative expresses a wide range of meanings, the differences between which are subtle and not always clear-cut.
MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1, Which Encodes an AP2/ERF Protein, Determines Spikelet Meristem Fate and Sterile Lemma Identity in Rice
Authors: Ren Deyong , Li Yunfeng , Zhao Fangming , Sang Xianchun , Shi Junqiong , Wang Nan , Guo Shuang , Ling Yinghua , Zhang Changwei , Yang Zhenglin , He Guanghua 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe spikelet is a unique inflorescence structure of grass. The molecular mechanism that controls the development of the spikelet remains unclear. In this study, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet mutant, multi-floret spikelet1 (mfs1), that showed delayed transformation of spikelet meristems to floral meristems, which resulted in an extra hull-like organ and an elongated rachilla. In addition, the sterile lemma was homeotically converted to the rudimentary glume and the body of the palea was degenerated in mfs1. These results suggest that the MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1 (MFS1) gene plays an important role in the regulation of spikelet meristem determinacy and floral organ identity. MFS1 belongs to an unknown function clade in the APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) family. The MFS1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein is localized in the nucleus. MFS1 messenger RNA is expressed in various tissues, especially in the spikelet and floral meristems. Furthermore, our findings suggest that MFS1 positively regulates the expression of LONG STERILE LEMMA and the INDETERMINATE SPIKELET1 (IDS1)-like genes SUPERNUMERARY BRACT and OsIDS1.
Lowering the threshold to libraries with social media
Authors: Bernsmann Susanne , Croll Jutta 
Published: April 2013

PurposeDigital literacy has become one of the key competences to ensure social cohesion, active citizenship and personal fulfilment. The objective of the project Digital Literacy 2.0 is therefore to develop and to implement an ICT‐based approach to lifelong learning addressing especially disadvantaged groups and vulnerable social groups of people with special needs. Since educational disadvantage is closely linked to social exclusion and poverty, there is a need to empower the really “hard to reach” learning distant groups and to enable them to make use of ICT. This paper seeks to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe project partners are piloting a two‐step approach to attract learning distant groups by offering an attractive starting point to information and social bonding: staffs at non‐formal learning places like libraries will be trained for the use of ICT in their daily work with hard‐to‐reach target groups; they will gain competences in how to motivate socially disadvantaged clients to learn with the help of ICT/social media; adults from learning distant groups will be attracted to the places of non‐formal learning by the use of social media thus improving their motivation to learn and empowering them to participate in social life.FindingsThe project builds on the experiences gained so far in teaching digital literacy: special target groups can be attracted to learning offers by topics relevant to their daily life and offers that do require only a small first commitment to learning. Besides DLit2.0 will establish a new approach of non‐formal education with the help of ICT. Social media make it possible to provide learning offers tailored individually to the learners' needs and thus increase the learning effects. Taking also into account the new opportunities of online participation and user‐generated content, the concept of teaching digital literacy will be developed further in the project's lifetime and beyond.Originality/valueThe network develops an approach to improve the collaboration between the non‐formal education sector and the social sector. Staff from both areas will obtain knowledge and skills how to better understand the mode of practice of the other sector as well as to identify synergies and efficient procedures and to improve their collaboration. Information society has the potential to make a difference to the lives of people who often feel marginalized or isolated because of their social and cultural situation – DLit2.0 want to spread this issue to maximize this potential.
Sources of momentum profits: bootstrap methods
Authors: Sahbi Nakhli Mohamed , Belkacem Lotfi 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the performance of momentum strategies and identify the sources of their profits.Design/methodology/approachTo identify the main source of momentum profits, first, the bootstrap method with replacement was used. Then, to eliminate the existence of the small sample bias, the bootstrap method without replacement and the block bootstrap method were employed. In this case, when the authors draw the observations without replacement the random effect is reduced, whereas the resampling procedure is based on the random draw.FindingsThe empirical results show the existence of a small sample bias in the bootstrap method with replacement, and that the time‐series relations of stock returns are the main source of momentum profits.Originality/valueTo ensure the random effect of the draws, the authors develop a new resampling procedure called the mixed bootstrap method.
Does training influence organisational performance?
Authors: Ubeda‐García Mercedes , Marco‐Lajara Bartolomé , Sabater‐Sempere Vicente , García‐Lillo Francisco 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to identify which variables of training policy have a significant and positive impact on organisational performance.Design/methodology/approachA targeted literature review was conducted to identify and collate a comprehensive range of human resource management and training conceptualisations/investigations. This was the basis for the approach to contrast hypotheses. The paper used a sample of Spanish companies and the method of analysis was regression.FindingsThe results obtained in this paper do suggest that the training policy positively correlates with organisational performance, both using objective result measures (productivity and financial performance) and in the subjective measure of perceived financial performance and in intermediate result measures.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was confined to the analysis of a single Spanish region, and specifically referred to its hotel industry, which means that the results obtained must be situated within that specific context examined. To this must be added that the data were collected from a single source (CEOs) and, of course, it would have been more appropriate to use data from multiple sources.Originality/valueFrom an academic point‐of‐view, the research initiative presented here is placed within the new line of development for research into training and performance that tries to overcome the restrictions faced in other publications, trying to go one step further in the search for more specific connections between human resources and performance. From a practical viewpoint, this research work could help hotel entrepreneurs in two ways: first, by providing evidence that the resources allocated by hotel firms to the training of their staff have a positive impact on their profit levels; and second, by showing which variables should be considered to achieve this relationship.
Analysis of a local discontinuous Galerkin method for time‐fractional advection‐diffusion equations
Authors: Wei Leilei , Zhang Xindong , He Yinnian 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a fully discrete local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) finite element method for solving a time‐fractional advection‐diffusion equation.Design/methodology/approachThe method is based on a finite difference scheme in time and local discontinuous Galerkin methods in space.FindingsBy choosing the numerical fluxes carefully the authors' scheme is proved to be unconditionally stable and gets L2 error estimates of O(hk+1+(Δt)2+(Δt)α/2hk+(1/2)). Finally Numerical examples are performed to illustrate the effectiveness and the accuracy of the method.Originality/valueThe proposed method is different from the traditional LDG method, which discretes an equation in spatial direction and couples an ordinary differential equation (ODE) solver, such as Runger‐Kutta method. This fully discrete scheme is based on a finite difference method in time and local discontinuous Galerkin methods in space. Numerical examples prove that the authors' method is very effective. The present paper is the authors' first step towards an effective approach based on the discontinuous Galerkin method for the solution of fractional‐order problems.
The effect of cross‐cultural uncertainty and complexity within multicultural construction teams
Authors: Ochieng E.G. , Price A.D.F. , Ruan X. , Egbu C.O. , Moore D. 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine challenges faced by senior construction managers in managing cross‐cultural complexity and uncertainty. The rationale was to identify the key strategies that are considered essential for managing cross‐cultural complexity and uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachInterviews with 20 senior construction managers, ten in Kenya and ten in the UK, were recorded, transcribed and entered into the qualitative research software NVivo. Validity and reliability were achieved by first assessing the plausibility in terms of already existing knowledge on some of the cultural issues raised by participants. The findings were presented to the participants through workshops and group discussions.FindingsThe emerging key issues suggested that project leaders need to learn how to control their own characteristics and to use them selectively. An effective multicultural construction project team should focus on team output and attributes that characterise a multicultural team as a social entity.Practical implicationsFindings indicate that the role of construction project managers has significantly changed over the past two decades. In order to deal with cross‐cultural uncertainty, project leaders must have superior multicultural and interpersonal skills when managing global multicultural heavy engineering projects.Originality/valueThe research shows that leaders of global construction project teams need a good understanding of their culture, environment and the value of their individual contributions.
A speculation of the presence of overlap and niches in organizational performance management systems
Authors: Srimai Suwit , Wright Chris S. , Radford Jack 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider the presence and consequences of functional overlap in organizational performance management (PM) systems.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is speculative in that it considers the consequences of organizations applying multiple PM systems. Four widely‐used PM systems from various management perspectives are selected as proxies to demonstrate that overlap can occur across a broad array of extant PM systems. The content of the selected PM systems literature was used for analysis.FindingsThe analysis found evidence of substantial functional overlap among the selected PM systems. Significant niche overlap occurred in the functions: assisting strategy formulation and implementation processes; supporting strategic decision making; and facilitating strategic learning.Practical implicationsThis study and its findings should help scholars to reframe their understanding of PM systems and let managers recognize and take action to optimize the benefits and costs of functional overlap.Originality/valueThe paper identifies functional overlap; a concept not explicitly addressed in the PM literature.
Charter schools in the USA
Authors: Halqachmi Arie 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe and explain an evolving management strategy in state and local levels of government in the USA that contributes to better productivity through greater responsiveness, governance, increased market‐like competition and leveraging government resources.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on reviews and analysis of published reports about Charter Schools.FindingsThis paper asserts that public private partnership (PPP) charter schools can be very conducive for the development and implementation of a public entrepreneurial strategy (PES) and contribute to local government productivity because: charter schools stretch resources utilization, leverage its ability to license as a mean for mobilizing new resources, improve service quality without expanding cost, reduce future financial obligations (i.e. pensions), diffuse accountability issues that have to do with elementary and secondary education – what the government needs to do in such eventuality is revoke or discontinue the license, induce market dynamics, i.e. consumer choice, effect continuing efforts to improve quality of all schools, become more responsive to demands of some elements of the purpose, describe and explain an evolving management strategy in polity without upsetting others, increase transparency, e.g. who is involved in the process of licensing and the rationale for the decision in each case, accommodate a higher level of community participation in governance, i.e. through opportunities to contribute to the developing of the licensing process, its implementation and the evaluation of its results.Research limitations/implicationsA research limitation is that this approach is still evolving and no long‐term data or evaluations are available. An implication is that this is an evolving management strategy that is geared to address shortage of resources, quality issues in education, governance and the role of government.Practical implicationsThis approach might be helpful to other state and local governments outside the USA.Social implicationsThe paper describes another way to become more responsive to the educational needs of subgroups.Originality/valueKnowing more about the context and attributes of Charter Schools in the USA may help others to assess the possible relevancy of this approach for dealing with their own issues of public education.
Cultural dislocation: finding intercultural possibilities in exile
Authors: Kazanjian Christopher J. 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the ontology of the exile and its implications for intellectuals, educators, and those seeking greater intercultural understandings. Culture to these scholars of exile becomes problematized as they feel a sense of estrangement to all cultures.Design/methodology/approachThe paper acts as a review of literature from published scholars who have been lived a great deal of their life in exile.FindingsUltimately the paper suggests that educators and intellectuals can learn a great deal from the intellect of the exile, as they live culturally displaced and forge new intercultural understandings.Originality/valueThis paper offers intellectuals and educators a new perception for engaging a transmigrating world.
A comparison of carers needs for service users cared for both in and out of area
Authors: Emery Heidi , Jones Bridget , Chaplin Eddie 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThis paper describes an ongoing process of engagement with carers of people with intellectual disabilities currently being monitored by an out of area service for both carers of people placed both in area and out of area within a local Mental Health Learning Disabilities team in South London.Design/methodology/approachUsing a series of consultation events, carers were asked to participate in a free dialogue which focussed on everyday issues for carers. This included financial implications of caring, knowledge of care pathways/systems in care, carer's needs and expectations and the support they currently receive.FindingsThis paper highlighted a number of issues and concerns that carers face in their daily lives when supporting one or more people. These include lack of recognition, financial difficulties, lack of training and support.Originality/valueThis project offered a valuable insight into current carer perceptions and will help develop further discussion and promote greater engagement by services and mutual understanding with this often neglected group.
Justification and implications of the introduction of an expanded Close Marking System for the Fellowship Examination
Authors: Beasley Spencer W. , Wannan Cassandra , Hardware Narelle 
Published: April 2013

AbstractCritical review of the close marking system used in the Fellowship Examination revealed that minor modifications to the way in which it was employed could significantly improve the quality (reliability and validity) of the examination. In addition, it could provide better information for the specialty courts to use during their discussion of the borderline candidate at their mini‐court meetings. An expanded close marking system (ECMS) probably has little impact on the overall pass rate, but it does improve the ability to determine the marginal candidate. In addition, it has the capacity to provide feedback on examiner performance and provides the specialty courts with a tool to assess the quality of their questions. Analysis of data collected during several ‘live trials’ of ECMS has shown that the implementation of the ECMS represents a further improvement in the processes around the Fellowship Examination.
Apparent diffusion coefficient values predict outcomes of abusive head trauma
Authors: Tanoue Koji , Aida Noriko , Matsui Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimTo evaluate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for predicting the long‐term neurodevelopmental outcomes of patients with abusive head trauma (AHT).MethodsApparent diffusion coefficient maps were retrospectively reviewed for 14 patients who presented with AHT at a mean age of 6.7 months (range 1–18 months), and the clinical outcomes of the survivors were based on the Glasgow Outcome Score.ResultsOne of 14 infants died, and two were severely disabled. One had mild impairment and four had moderate disability. In the 4 days after admission, the ADC values in all brain regions were strongly associated with a poor neurodevelopmental outcome (p < 0.05): basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, corpus callosum, frontal white matter, central white matter, parietal white matter, frontal grey matter, parietal grey matter, cerebellar vermis, cerebellar cortex and mean total brain.ConclusionApparent diffusion coefficient values during the acute phase of AHT were significantly associated with poor long‐term neurodevelopmental outcomes.