bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching Data Science through an Interactive, Hands-On Workshop with Clinically Relevant Case Studies
Authors: Jeffery Alvin D. , Sengstack Patricia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background In this case report, we describe the development of an innovative workshop to bridge the gap in data science education for practicing clinicians (and particularly nurses). In the workshop, we emphasize the core concepts of machine learning and predictive modeling to increase understanding among clinicians.
Objectives Addressing the limited exposure of health care providers to leverage and critique data science methods, this interactive workshop aims to provide clinicians with foundational knowledge in data science, enabling them to contribute effectively to teams focused on improving care quality.
Methods The workshop focuses on meaningful topics for clinicians, such as model performance evaluation and introduces machine learning through hands-on exercises using free, interactive python notebooks. Clinical case studies on sepsis recognition and opioid overdose death provide relatable contexts for applying data science concepts.
Results Positive feedback from over 300 participants across various settings highlights the workshop's effectiveness in making complex topics accessible to clinicians.
Conclusion Our approach prioritizes engaging content delivery and practical application over extensive programming instruction, aligning with adult learning principles. This initiative underscores the importance of equipping clinicians with data science knowledge to navigate today's data-driven health care landscape, offering a template for integrating data science education into health care informatics programs or continuing professional development.
Pseudoephedrine-Induced Risks of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome
Authors: Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir , Balasubramanian Rajkapoor , Shanmugam Arun , Gobinath Mirunalini , Hussain Mohamed Harshath Jahir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic drug used as a nasal/sinus decongestant in common cold remedies.
Objective The purpose of this review article is to discuss the pseudoephedrine-associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), which have been reported to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) of United Kingdom and Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC) and Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of European Medicines Agency (EMA).
Materials and Methods The aim is to review the literature pertinent to PRES and RCVS linked to the use of pseudoephedrine; the literature was searched in databases such as Medline/PubMed/PMC, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Ebsco, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and reference lists.
Results The review by MHRA of the United Kingdom and PRAC and CHMP of EMA, all available evidence, including postmarketing safety data, and a few case reports, have confirmed the rare risk of PRES and RCVS associated with the use of pseudoephedrine.
Conclusion Health care professionals should be aware of pseudoephedrine-associated PRES and RCVS. Patients with severe or uncontrolled hypertension or those with severe acute or chronic renal disease should avoid using products containing pseudoephedrine.
Embedding FBG sensors for monitoring vital signs of the human body: Recent progress over the past decade
Authors: Krizan Daniel , Stipal Jiri , Nedoma Jan , Oliveira Sandro , Fajkus Marcel , Cubik Jakub , Siska Petr , Schena Emiliano , Lo Presti Daniela , Marques Carlos 
Published: August 2024

Fiber optic sensors based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology have the potential to revolutionize the way vital signs of the human body are measured and monitored. By leveraging their unique properties, these sensors can provide accurate and reliable data, thus enhancing the effectiveness of wearable devices. The integration of FBG sensors into different materials not only broadens their application scope but also improves user comfort and device practicality. However, some challenges remain in optimizing the embedding process to ensure sensor performance and durability. This review provides an overview of FBG technology employed for measuring vital signs of the human body reported in the past decade. The focus of the review is on the FBG embedding strategies into different materials, categorized into these three main groups (i.e., 3D printed, textiles, and polymers) and explores the implications of embedding fiber optic sensors in each category. Furthermore, it discusses the potential impact of these embedded sensors on the accuracy, comfort, and practicality of wearable devices designed for monitoring vital signs, highlighting the potential of these sensors to transform the field of health monitoring. Future research directions may include exploring new materials for embedding and refining sensor design further to improve the accuracy and comfort of these wearable devices. Ultimately, the evolution of fiber optic sensors could significantly advance the field of human vital sign monitoring, paving the way for more sophisticated and user-friendly health monitoring systems.
Study on temperature noise suppression characteristics of passive thermal control materials in gravitational wave detection
Authors: Chen Hua , Kang Jia-He , Zhao Rui , Yang Chang-Peng , Zhao Xin , Cheng Wen-Long 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Space-borne gravitational wave (GW) detector requires high detection sensitivity in millihertz band. Temperature noise characterized by temperature amplitude spectral density (TASD) in target frequency band (0.1 mHz–100 mHz) must be limited to μK Hz−1/2 level. However, TASD at ultra-low frequency ascends sharply, leading to temperature noise suppression failure of passive thermal control material (PTM). In this paper, we proposed ‘frequency barrier’ to denote the sharply TASD transition at ultra-low frequency and developed temperature noise transmission model to study the effect of heat flow spectral characteristics and PTM thermophysical properties on TASD and frequency barrier. The results showed that reducing PTM thermal conductivity could decrease TASD apparently at certain heat flow frequency, but minimum TASD limit exist which increases with decreasing heat flow frequency. Frequency barrier decreases with decreasing thermal conductivity and increasing specific heat capacity of PTM. High heat capacity materials accumulate more heat, while low thermal conductivity materials attenuate more temperature fluctuations, enabling effective temperature noise suppression at low heat flow frequency and broadening PTM’s temperature noise suppression range. The obtained frequency barrier correlation provides guidance for the material selection criterion of temperature noise suppression in space-borne GW detection.
Strategy to enhance the performance of spin field effect transistors-insert effective intermediate layer graphene
Authors: Wang Tongtong , Zhu Si-Cong , Liu Fangqi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Novel spin field effect transistors (FETs) with metal contacts are designed to reduce the high Schottky barrier height (SBH) due to Fermi pinning, reducing energy consumption and increasing their performance. Herein, we effectively enhance the conductivity (106 orders of magnitude) and current threshold of the FETs by introducing interlayer graphene in the contact interface between the semiconductor blue phosphorus and the metal, thereby reducing the interlayer resistance. Electronic structure analysis shows that Blue Phosphorus–Graphene–Cu modulates the lowest SBH, yielding a larger FETs conductance compared to other metal systems. The spin injection further enhances the efficiency of FETs as rectifiers (enhanced 13%). This theoretical work provides rational guidance for realizing innovations in next-generation high-performance transistor technology, demonstrating the inherent potential of the regulatory mechanism.
Investigation of pedestal parameters and divertor heat fluxes in small ELM regimes in DIII-D
Authors: Traverso P.J. , Knolker M. , Austin M. , Lasnier C. , Leonard A.W. , Osborne T. , Wang H. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Divertor heat flux and its correlation with pedestal parameters within various small edge localized mode (ELM) regimes, including high beta poloidal, type-II and ELMs with negative triangularity H-modes were investigated in DIII-D. The parallel energy fluences of type-II and high beta poloidal small ELM regimes fall below the linear scaling with pedestal electron pressure for type-I ELMs put forward in Eich et al 2017 (Nucl. Mater. Energy
12 84–90). The negative triangularity of H-mode ELMs follow the Eich scaling for type-I ELMs. The parallel heat flux and total heat loads to the divertor were determined using high-time resolution infrared thermography, while pedestal parameters were obtained through self-consistent kinetic equilibrium reconstructions. Linear regressions for the type-II and high beta poloidal regimes demonstrate that an equivalent 7.5 MA small ELM scenario in ITER would fall below the ~5

MJ

m

−
2

leading edge melting limit for tungsten (Gunn et al 2017 Nucl. Fusion
57 046025). Utilizing fast thermography, the scrape-off layer power fall-off length for both inter-ELM and intra-ELM was determined and compared to the Eich scaling with poloidal magnetic field in Eich et al (ASDEX Upgrade Team and JET EFDA Contributors 2013 Nucl. Fusion
53 093031). Except for the high beta poloidal scenario, all the small ELM regimes during both inter- and intra-ELM periods had power fall-off lengths

(

λ
q

)

larger then would be expected from the

B

pol

,

MP

−
1

scaling associated with type-I ELMs, signifying their potential in managing heat loads and offering a solution for core–edge integration.
Geospatial Mapping of Occupational Safety and Health Risks of an Aquaculture Enterprise
Authors: Saulia L , Hanif F , Herwanto R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Intensive aquaculture businesses that have large areas with certain work environment characteristics need to implement policies to ensure occupational safety and health (OSH). One of the stages in the OSH management system that must be implemented is monitoring and evaluation. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) enables spatial representation of data to support monitoring and evaluation. This research was carried out to develop integrated system of OSH risk of an aquaculture enterprise into GIS. Methodology employed was data collection, hazard identification and risk analysis (HIRA), and geospatial mapping and data integration. The results presented the implementation of OSH risk analysis within the GIS, as GIS providing locations of potential hazards from work activities with their corresponding risk levels.
Design of a low-cost IoT-based data logger for monitoring the palm sugar drying system using ESP32 and Modbus/MQTT conversion
Authors: Kusuma Redika Ardi , Karyadi Joko Nugroho Wahyu , Rahayoe Sri 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Palm Sugar is made from coconut sap, evaporated and cooled to crystallize to form powder. To obtain palm sugar that is safe to store, the water content needs to be reduced through controlled drying, usually with a cabinet dryer. Unfortunately, this process may result in non-uniformity of product quality due to non-uniformity of temperature in the drying chamber, so a monitoring system is needed for evaluation. This study aimed to design a low-cost Internet of Things (IoT)-based data logger to monitor the drying temperature of palm sugar in a cabinet dryer. The data logger utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller to access 7-channel temperature data from the NT18B07 sensor module, which can only communicate in the Modbus RTU RS485 protocol, then converts it into Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) format. The Adafruit IO cloud platform was selected for the MQTT broker, whose data was then subscribed to by the IoT MQTT panel application and recorded in a Google sheet. A 20x04 I2C LCD and a microSD module were used to display and store data locally. The performance analysis results show that the designed data logger has a publisher-to-subscriber latency of 353 ms and throughput of 2 kbps. The designed data logger successfully sent data via MQTT, completing more than 97% of the 1440 daily logs with an interval of 1 minute. It also has a measurement accuracy and precision level of above 99%. The details of the specific design and its implementation were described.
Design of temperature-soil moisture control and monitoring system for chili cultivation in greenhouse
Authors: Telaumbanua M , Noval F A , Erika Y , Haryanto A , Lanya B , Wisnu F K , Ansari A , Indriyawati A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
One form of plant care is to measure the microclimate when cultivating chilies in a greenhouse. The aim of this research is to design a control system to make it easier for farmers to access information on temperature and soil moisture on chili cultivation land. The microcontroller is integrated with email in monitoring and controlling climate factors in the greenhouse at a low cost. The sensors used are the DHT22 sensor and soil moisture sensor. Application Programming Interface (API) Pushingbox is used to simplify the system for sending data from the microcontroller to the website. The system can be accessed via the website monitoringcabai.weebly.com. Validation of the soil moisture and temperature sensors resulted in an RMSE of 6.04. Validation of the three greenhouse temperature sensors produced RMSE of 0.16, 0.14, and 0.16. The accuracy rate for greenhouse temperature control is 98.61% and soil moisture control is 99.95%. The greenhouse temperature control time was 47 minutes 44.4 seconds and the soil moisture control time was 41 minutes 51.6 seconds. The stability of the tool results in stable performance. The height growth of chili plants with the control system (in the greenhouse) was better than without the control system (outside the greenhouse).
Understanding superlinear speedup in current HPC architectures
Authors: Galeazzo Flavio Cesar Cunha , Weiß R. Gregor , Lesnik Sergey , Rusche Henrik , Ruopp Andreas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The performance of OpenFOAM in strong scaling tests on HPC systems with AMD EPYC processors exhibits a pronounced superlinear speedup. Simple test cases show superlinear speedups of over 300%, which significantly impacts the efficient use of computing resources.
With the last generation of HPC architectures, a superlinear speedup of about 10% to 20% was well expected and accepted by CFD users [1]. The measured superlinear speedup is much more pronounced and withstands the communication overhead to even larger scales.
A detailed performance analysis of OpenFOAM follows, employing various High-Performance Computing (HPC) architectures, including AMD, ARM and Intel systems. The performance metric FVOPS (Finite VOlumes solved Per Second) is introduced to compare the performance of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) applications when varying the grid size, as occurs in a strong scaling test. The achievable FVOPS depends on various factors, including the simulation type, boundary conditions, and especially the grid size of a use case. Analysing FVOPS on a single node level with varying grid size shows a significant difference in performance and cache utilization, which explains the large superlinear speedups seen in the strong scaling tests.
Furthermore, FVOPS can be used as a simple benchmark to determine the optimal number of grid elements per rank to simulate a given use case at peak efficiency on a given platform, resulting in time, energy, and cost savings.
The FVOPS metric also facilitates the direct comparison between different HPC architectures. The tests using AMD, ARM, and Intel processors show a peak in performance when employing around 10,000 grid elements per core. The presence of a large L3 cache on AMD processors is particularly advantageous, as indicated by L3 cache miss rates observed on AMD EPYC processors. Our results suggest that future HPC architectures with larger caches and higher memory bandwidth would benefit the CFD community.
Laser cladding technology for high entropy alloys: effect and applications
Authors: Prakash Om , Chandrakar Rituraj , L Martin , Verma Jagesvar , kumar Anil , Jaiswal Ankur 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A multi-component category of an alloy containing very specific properties revolutionized the area of material science and the present engineering era. Laser cladding, a technique for surface coating, enhances surface quality and modifies properties using advanced coating technologies. In current trends, Laser cladding is mainly used in equipment and machine parts for enhancing surface properties, repairing damaged parts and surface coating caused by its advantages such as small heat-affected zone, low substrate damage, low dilution rate and exceptional metallurgical material bonding among coating and used substrate. Laser cladding improves substrates’ mechanical and various functional-specific properties, ensuring a high-quality balance between mechanical and surface attributes. The research society was able to investigate laser-cladding HEAs coatings because of the superior attributes of HEAs compared to ordinary alloys. This paper reviews current developments in laser-cladding HEAs coatings and the application of laser-cladding technology to HEAs materials. The laser cladding high-entropy alloy coatings have potential applications in corrosion, wear, and oxidation resistance, as well as their respective substrates. Cladded coatings composed of HEAs materials are measured to have shown potential applications in recent technology, opening exciting possibilities for the future. The study also discusses current trends and future prospects.
Thickness-extensible higher order plate theory with enforced C1 continuity for the analysis of PEEK medical implants
Authors: Tasneem Mohamad Hasan Bin , Al-Jahwari Farooq , Al-Kindi Mahmood , Al-Lawati Imad , Al Lawati Abdulmonem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Plate-like structures had been thoroughly studied in literature over years to reduce the computational space from 3D to 2D. Many of these theories suffer either from satisfying the free traction condition or thickness extensibility in addition to the consistency of transverse shear strain energy. This work presents a higher order shear deformation thickness-extensible plate theory (eHSDT) for the analysis of plates. The proposed eHSDT satisfies the condition of free traction as other theories do but it also satisfies the condition of consistency of transverse shear strain energy which is neglected by many theories in the area of plates and shells. The implementation of the proposed theory in displacement-based finite element procedure requires continuity of derivatives across elements. This necessary condition was achieved using the penalty enforcement method for derivative-based nodal degrees of freedom across the standard 9-nodes Lagrange element. The theory was tested for elastic bending deformation of Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) which is one of the basic materials for medical implants. The theory showed good accuracy compared to experimental data of the three-points bending test. The present eHSDT was also tested for different conditions with a wide range of aspects ratios (thin to thick plates) and different boundary conditions. The accuracy of the proposed eHSDT was verified against exact solutions for these conditions which showed the advantage over other approaches and commercial finite element packages.
Mathematical modeling of 18F-Fluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO) radiopharmaceutical transport in vascularized solid tumors
Authors: Abazari Mohammad Amin , Soltani M , Eydi Faezeh , Rahmim Arman , Kashkooli Farshad Moradi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

18F-Fluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO) is a highly promising positron emission tomography radiopharmaceutical for identifying hypoxic regions in solid tumors. This research employs spatiotemporal multi-scale mathematical modeling to explore how different levels of angiogenesis influence the transport of radiopharmaceuticals within tumors. In this study, two tumor geometries with heterogeneous and uniform distributions of capillary networks were employed to incorporate varying degrees of microvascular density. The synthetic image of the heterogeneous and vascularized tumor was generated by simulating the angiogenesis process. The proposed multi-scale spatiotemporal model accounts for intricate physiological and biochemical factors within the tumor microenvironment, such as the transvascular transport of the radiopharmaceutical agent, its movement into the interstitial space by diffusion and convection mechanisms, and ultimately its uptake by tumor cells. Results showed that both quantitative and semi-quantitative metrics of 18F-FMISO uptake differ spatially and temporally at different stages during tumor growth. The presence of a high microvascular density in uniformly vascularized tumor increases cellular uptake, as it allows for more efficient release and rapid distribution of radiopharmaceutical molecules. This results in enhanced uptake compared to the heterogeneous vascularized tumor. In both heterogeneous and uniform distribution of microvessels in tumors, the diffusion transport mechanism has a more pronounced than convection. The findings of this study shed light on the transport phenomena behind 18F-FMISO radiopharmaceutical distribution and its delivery in the tumor microenvironment, aiding oncologists in their routine decision-making processes.
Historical and relative dominance of the convention on biological diversity agenda: a case analysis of decisions and recommendations
Authors: Park HyeMin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In contrast to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) gives developing countries greater bargaining power owing to their abundant natural resources. CBD negotiations tend to be increasingly dominated by agendas related to the CBD’s third objective: benefit sharing. The first and core objective of CBD is biodiversity conservation, but it is often neglected in favor of benefit sharing. To verify this tendency, this study used topic modeling to analyze the recommendations of the subsidiary bodies and decisions made by the Conference of the Parties (COP) over the past 30 years. The study identified the ten most frequently discussed agenda, then determined the relative dominant agenda between the COP and subsidiary bodies. By categorizing the negotiation agendas into strategic decision agendas and operational conservation agendas based on the level of the meeting which the agenda dominated, this study offers a new framework that can be used to understand how strategic and operational factors interact in CBD negotiations. The findings show that biodiversity conservation, the first objective of CBD, is no longer dominant, at least during negotiations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive investigation of all documents generated during CBD negotiations since its inception.