bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide RIP-Chip analysis of translational repressor-bound mRNAs in the Plasmodium gametocyte
Authors: Guerreiro Ana , Deligianni Elena , Santos Jorge M , Silva Patricia AGC , Louis Christos , Pain Arnab , Janse Chris J , Franke-Fayard Blandine , Carret Celine K , Siden-Kiamos Inga , Mair Gunnar R 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Background
Following fertilization, the early proteomes of metazoans are defined by the translation of stored but repressed transcripts; further embryonic development relies on de novo transcription of the zygotic genome. During sexual development of Plasmodium berghei, a rodent model for human malaria species including P. falciparum, the stability of repressed mRNAs requires the translational repressors DOZI and CITH. When these repressors are absent, Plasmodium zygote development and transmission to the mosquito vector is halted, as hundreds of transcripts become destabilized. However, which mRNAs are direct targets of these RNA binding proteins, and thus subject to translational repression, is unknown.

Results
We identify the maternal mRNA contribution to post-fertilization development of P. berghei using RNA immunoprecipitation and microarray analysis. We find that 731 mRNAs, approximately 50% of the transcriptome, are associated with DOZI and CITH, allowing zygote development to proceed in the absence of RNA polymerase II transcription. Using GFP-tagging, we validate the repression phenotype of selected genes and identify mRNAs relying on the 5' untranslated region for translational control. Gene deletion reveals a novel protein located in the ookinete crystalloid with an essential function for sporozoite development.

Conclusions
Our study details for the first time the P. berghei maternal repressome. This mRNA population provides the developing ookinete with coding potential for key molecules required for life-cycle progression, and that are likely to be critical for the transmission of the malaria parasite from the rodent and the human host to the mosquito vector.
17beta-estradiol promotes the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway
Authors: Li Yao , Yan Ming , Wang Zilu , Zheng Yangyu , Li Junjun , Ma Shu , Liu Genxia , Yu Jinhua 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Estrogen plays an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, while stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) can contribute to the formation of dentin/bone-like tissues. To date, the effects of estrogen on the differentiation of SCAP remain unclear.

Methods
SCAP was isolated and treated with 10-7 M 17beta-estradiol (E2). The odonto/osteogenic potency and the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were subsequently investigated by using methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and other methods.

Results
MTT and flow cytometry results demonstrated that E2 treatment had no effect on the proliferation of SCAP in vitro, while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and alizarin red staining showed that E2 can significantly promote ALP activity and mineralization ability in SCAP. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot assay revealed that the odonto/osteogenic markers (ALP, DMP1/DMP1, DSPP/DSP, RUNX2/RUNX2, OSX/OSX and OCN/OCN) were significantly upregulated in E2-treated SCAP. In addition, the expression of phosphor-p38 and phosphor-JNK in these stem cells was enhanced by E2 treatment, as was the expression of the nuclear downstream transcription factors including phosphor-Sp1, phosphor-Elk-1, phosphor-c-Jun and phosphor-c-Fos, indicating the activation of MAPK signaling pathway during the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of E2-treated SCAP. Conversely, the differentiation of E2-treated SCAP was inhibited in the presence of MAPK specific inhibitors.

Conclusions
The ondonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAP is enhanced by 10-7 M 17beta-estradiol via the activation of MAPK signaling pathway.
Towards Realistic Simulations of Sound Radiation by Moving Sources in Outdoor Environments
Authors: Dragna Didier , Blanc-Benon Philippe 
Published: November 2014

PACS numbers:43.28.Js, 43.28.En, 43.20.El A time-domain solver of the linearized Euler equations is used to study outdoor propagation of acoustic waves generated by broadband moving sources. For that, high-order schemes, developed initially in the computational aeroacoustics community, are employed. A time-domain impedance boundary condition recently proposed in the literature is implemented to deal with reflexion of acoustic waves over the ground. In addition, curvilinear coordinates are used to account for topographic effects. First, test cases show that long range sound propagation and diffraction by obstacles in three-dimensional geometries are accurately determined. Simulation of the acoustic radiation by a broadband monopole source moving above a perfectly reflecting plane is then considered. Numerical results are satisfactorily compared to those obtained from an analytical solution. At last, the case of a broadband source moving above a non-flat terrain, with an inhomogeneous impedance ground, is investigated. The effects of a topography defect on the acoustic field are examined.
Joint Assignment, Scheduling, and Routing Models to Home Care Optimization: A Pattern-Based Approach
Authors: Cappanera Paola , Scutellà Maria Grazia 
Published: November 2014

The design of efficient home care services is a quite recent and challenging field of study. We propose an integrated approach that jointly addresses: (i) the assignment of operators to patients so as to guarantee the compatibility between skills associated with operators and patient visits; (ii) the scheduling of the visits in a given planning horizon; and (iii) the determination of the operator tours in every day of the planning horizon. The main home care problem we investigate refers to providers dedicated to palliative care and terminal patients. In this context, balancing objective functions are particularly relevant. Therefore, two balancing functions are studied, i.e., maxmin, which maximizes the minimum operator utilization factor, and minmax, which minimizes the maximum operator utilization factor. In both cases, the concept of pattern is introduced as a key tool to jointly address assignment, scheduling, and routing decisions, where a pattern specifies a possible schedule for skilled visits. The approach we propose is, however, able to cope with peculiarities from other home care contexts. Model extensions to handle scenarios other than the palliative one are discussed in the paper. Extensive computational results are reported both on palliative home care instances based on real data, and on two real-world data sets from the literature, related to contexts very different from the palliative one. For both data sets the proposed approach is able to find solutions of good quality. In the palliative context, the results show that the selection of the pattern generation policy is crucial to solve large instances efficiently. Furthermore, the maxmin criterion is able to return more balanced solutions; i.e., the difference between the maximum and the minimum operator utilization factors is very small. On the other hand, the minmax criterion is more suitable for minimizing the operating costs, since it computes solutions with smaller total traveled time.
ABC and GA Optimized NN to Model Resin Bonded Mould/Core Sand System: A Soft Computing-based Approach
Authors: Vundavilli Pandu R. , Surekha B. , Parappagoudar Mahesh B. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractResin bonded sand system is an emerging area, and it can be used to produce dimensionally accurate castings with good surface finish. In the present paper, experimental investigations are carried out on the resin bonded cores, to develop a non-linear mathematical model, using the concept of design of experiments. Subsequently, an artificial neural network (ANN) with four neurons each on input and output layers has been used to model the resin bonded sand system. It is important to note that the process parameters, such as percentage of resin, percentage of hardener, number of strokes and curing time are considered as inputs and the mechanical properties of the core, namely compression strength, tensile strength, shear strength and permeability are treated as the outputs of the network. It is to be noted that the performance of developed ANN depends on several factors of the network, such as type of transfer functions, coefficients of transfer functions, number of neurons in the hidden layer and connecting weights between different layers. In the present study, two population based search and optimization algorithms, namely genetic algorithm (GA) and artificial bee colony (ABC) are used for optimizing the parameters of ANN. It has been observed that both GA and ABC trained neural networks (that is, GA-NN and ABC-NN) are found to have good agreement with the experimental data and can be used effectively to model the resin bonded core sand system.
Game-based Training of Listening Skills: The Effects of Degraded Communications
Authors: Bowers Clint , Hussain Talib , Procci Katelyn 
Published: November 2014

Many important tasks depend upon the ability of personnel to be able to extract information from verbal communication in suboptimal conditions. However, there is little guidance in how best to train people to improve this skill, specifically regarding the most effective combination of human or synthesized speech with or without text captions. In this study, we examined two competing theories, the cognitive theory of multimedia learning versus resilient listening, to determine best practices for designing a game to train active listening skills in complex environments. One-hundred and nineteen U.S. Navy recruits (53% male, average age of 21.5 years) participated in this study. The results indicated that games with degraded auditory conditions did not improve listening abilities in a transfer condition. Games using recorded human voices resulted in the best performance.
Genetic Variation of Two Horse Breeds in Cpg Islands of Oas1 Locus
Authors: Ząbek Tomasz , Semik Ewelina , Fornal Agnieszka , Bugno-Poniewierska Monika 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Allelic and haplotypic variations at 27 SNP sites identified in four CpG islands of OAS1 were described in a group of Anglo-Arabian and Hucul horses. Variation in the type of less frequent alleles was the source of variability among breeds. A number of putative LD blocks were identified which could be used to study changes in the genetic structure between generations of both breeds concerning susceptibility to flaviviral infections. Some of the identified SNPs may have an impact on the transcriptional activity of OAS1 or could lead to amino acid substitution influencing proper function of OAS1 enzyme. In the light of recent studies, the described genetic variability of investigated CpG islands might be important in view of the effectiveness of viral incorporation into the host genome.
Evaluation of Structure Quality of Web from Electrospun Nanofibres
Authors: Milašius Rimvydas , Malašauskienė Jolanta 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Electrospinning is remarkably a simple and versatile method for producing nanofibres. The diameter of nanofibres can vary from 10 nm to >1000 nm. In electrospinning, most of the attention is focused on producing fibres with a uniform diameter. It is very important to understand how the diameter and its distribution vary with the materials used and the processing parameters. An analysis of literature sources has shown that the distribution curves of the diameters obtained are very complex and do not resemble normal distributions, while they do more closely correspond to those of compound distributions. The goal of this article is to analyse the distributions of the nanofibre diameters and to propose a new method for the evaluation process of nanofibres and the quality of a nanofibre web. The uniformity of structure and the quality of nanofibres web must be described by average values. The peaks of modal values and the percentage quantity of them must be used for evaluation of a web structure.
Human-Friendly Design of Virtual System “female Body-dress”
Authors: Guo Mengna , Kuzmichev Victor E. , Adolphe Dominique C. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Recently, the development efforts focused on the computer simulation of garments, which depend on the material's physico-mechanical properties. It intends to achieve the best possible and realistic simulations of garments, which are available for pressure prediction. In this manner, 3D garment virtual technology improvements allow the visualization of pressure areas with values where the fabric might be too tight against the body. Although the purposes of simulation graphics were acceptable, the accuracy for apparel shaping is not enough to meet the needs of Virtual Prototyping and CAD utilization especially while the fabric properties system design was inadequate. Moreover, the existing pressure simulation is intended to simply predict the pressure index or how the textile deformation extend, which are deficient in real human's perception. In this research, the 3D shapes belonging to typical female bodies and dresses made of different fabrics were obtained by 3D body scanners (ScanWorX and TELMAT). Through reconstruction for the 3D torso shapes, the volumetric eases between body and dress were calculated by means of a software Rhinoceros. A new approach for the selection of textile properties based on the Kawabata Evaluation System (KES) was proposed to investigate its relations with dress shaping and pressure comfort. Finally, fabric properties tested by the KES-F system were compared with volumetric eases, objective pressure indexes and subjective comfort scores to reveal the relations how the fabric properties have impacts on dress outside shaping and inside pressure comfort of a female body. In this manner, the human-friendly CAD instead of mechanical approach existing before has been presented as a new approach to promote the construction of a realistic system for the 3D simulation optimization.
Comparing the physical activity patterns of 3-year-old Finnish and Australian children during childcare and homecare days
Authors: Soini Anne , Watt Anthony , Tammelin Tuija , Soini Markus , Sääkslahti Arja , Poskiparta Marita 
Published: November 2014

AbstractLimited previous research has contrasted physical activity (PA) patterns in preschool children across different hourly patterns or segments of day, or adopted similar methodologies to compare the PA behaviors of children from different countries. The purpose of this study was to examine how the PA levels and patterns differed between 3- year-olds within and between childcare and homecare days in Finland and Australia.ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers were used to monitor 121 (80 Finnish, 41 Australian) children’s PA for five consecutive days.No significant country differences were observed in children’s daily total PA (light-tovigorous PA [LMVPA]), except that during childcare days Finnish children spent more time in light PA compared to Australian children. During childcare attendance hours children engaged in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) for an average of 48 minutes (SD = 24) covering 54% of their daily MVPA in Finland, and for 53 minutes (SD = 34) covering 64% of their daily MVPA in Australia. Variation in children’s hour-by-hour PA was more pronounced during childcare days than homecare days.Despite the variations based on cultural practices, no major differences were observed in children’s daily total PA between the countries. However, these findings provide a better understanding of 3-year-olds’ PA behavior patterns and will serve as valuable evidence for the development of PA promotion in preschool children in both Finland and in Australia.
Motives for participation in active sport tourism – participants of holiday windsurfing camps
Authors: Tomik Rajmund , Gorska Katarzyna , Staszkiewicz Adam , Polechonski Jacek 
Published: November 2014

AbstractActive sport tourism involves travelling in order to participate in different forms of movement recreation; engagement in physical activity is the primary aim of active sport tourism. Each and every decision regarding holiday, weekend or one-day trips is made based on several motives of different strength; it is the interaction between the motives that generates the ultimate behaviour of an individual. The aim of the study was to determine the motives behind the decision of holiday windsurfing camp participants to become engaged in this particular form of active sport tourism.Seventy-three participants of windsurfing camps in Jastarnia (Hel Peninsula at the Polish seaside) entered the study, which was carried out in the form of a diagnostic survey. The research tool was an anonymous questionnaire.The survey revealed considerable diversity regarding the types of active sport tourism undertaken by windsurfing camp participants in the year preceding data collection. The motives for participation in active sport tourism were also very different both among women and men. Nevertheless, social factors turned out to be of the greatest importance while making a decision about becoming involved in active sport tourism.Our study demonstrated that gender dimorphism had only been seen regarding the physical activity motive. Female respondents mentioned this particular motive for participation in the windsurfing camp more often than men.
New modes of industrial manufacturing: India’s experience with special economic zones
Authors: Anwar Mohammad Amir 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Special economic zones in India have gained prominence among the policy making circles in recent years. The argument by the policy makers was that these zones will allow industrialisation in India. This article reviews the emerging geography of SEZs (special economic zones) in India and the Indian government recent experiment with the SEZs as models of economic development. The article argues that current SEZ policy in India is designed along the lines of mainstream economic strategy for industrialisation of Washington Consensus, i.e. open economy with greater market freedom coupled with minimal government intervention leads to rapid economic growth and rising incomes. The evidence suggests that these zones are giving rise to uneven geographical development in India with certain regions, sectors and classes are deriving the benefits from this policy.
Quality of life in rural areas: A topic for the Rural Development policy?
Authors: Brauer René , Dymitrow Mirek 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Contemporary transformations of rural areas involve changes in land uses, economic perspectives, connectivity, livelihoods, but also in lifestyles, whereupon a traditional view of ‘the rural’ and, consequently, of ‘rural development’ no longer holds. Accordingly, EU’s 2007-2013 Rural Development policy (RDP) is one framework to incorporate aspects labelled as quality of life (QOL) alongside traditional rural tenets. With a new rendition of the RDP underway, this paper scopes the content and extent of the expired RDP regarding its incorporation of QOL, in order to better identify considerations for future policy making. Using novel methodology called topic modelling, a series of latent semantic structures within the RDP could be unravelled and re-interpreted via a dual categorization system based on RDP’s own view on QOL, and on definitions provided by independent research. Corroborated by other audits, the findings indicate a thematic overemphasis on agriculture, with the focus on QOL being largely insignificant. Such results point to a rationale different than the assumed one, at the same time reinforcing an outdated view of rurality in the face of the ostensibly fundamental turn towards viewing rural areas in a wider, more humanistic, perspective. This unexpected issue of underrepresentation is next addressed through three possible drivers: conceptual (lingering productionist view of the rural), ideological (capitalist prerogative preventing non-pecuniary values from entering policy) and material (institutional lock-ins incapable of accommodating significant deviations from an agricultural focus). The paper ends with a critical discussion and some reflections on the broader concept of rurality.
Hotel location in Africa’s world class city: The case of Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Rogerson Jayne M. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Urban tourism is of rising importance for economic and tourism geographers. One of the most important elements for urban tourism is the hotel economy. Against a backdrop of international debates around the location of hotels in cities in both developed and developing countries this article unpacks the changing geography of hotels in South Africa’s largest city, Johannesburg for the period 1990 to 2010. Johannesburg is one of the leading and growing destinations for urban tourism in South Africa. Its hotel scape has been radically transformed in the past two decades. It is shown that the shifting geography of hotel development in Johannesburg reveals a complex pattern of disinvestment in certain city spaces and subsequent reinvestment and re-vitalization of those spaces as well the changing patterns of hotel investment towards the new successful nodes of business and leisure tourism in the city.
Analysis of the role of RAS Family Mutations in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC): Current Treatment Practice
Authors: Saridaki Zenia , Souglakos John , Georgoulias Vassilis , Douillard Jean-Yves 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A major challenge in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is the identification of specific biomarkers that are likely to predict which patients will benefit from a specific treatment. To this date, a number of studies have shown that a tumour's mutational profile influences treatment outcome in patients with mCRC and should, therefore, be used to guide treatment decision. For more than 5 years now, we know that patients with tumours harbouring mutations in exon 2, codons 12 and 13 of the KRAS oncogene gain no benefit from the administration of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (moAbs), Cetuximab and Panitumumab. It has just recently being elucidated that KRAS mutations outside codons 12 and 13 and mutations in the NRAS gene confer resistance to Cetuximab and Panitumumab, as well. Thus, since June 2013, the analysis of exons 2, 3 and 4 of KRAS and NRAS has been incorporated in daily clinical practice to improve patients’ selection for anti-EGFR moAbs treatment. Nevertheless, even if patients’ outcome under anti-EGFR moAbs therapy is improved with better selection based on Ras mutational status, more research is needed in this field; the matter is far from being resolved, since there are still a minority of wt RAS patients who do not respond upfront to such a treatment.