bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Charge Separation in Li+@C60 Supramolecular Complexes with Electron Donors
Authors: Kawashima Yuki , Ohkubo Kei , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: November 2014

AbstractLithium‐ion‐encapsulated fullerene (Li+@C60) exhibits greatly enhanced reactivity in photoinduced electron‐transfer reduction with electron donors compared with pristine C60. The enhanced reactivity of Li+@C60 results from the more positive one‐electron reduction potential of Li+@C60 (+0.14 V versus a standard calomel electrode (SCE)) than that of C60 (−0.43 V versus SCE), whereas the reorganization energy of electron transfer of Li+@C60 (1.01 eV) becomes larger than that of C60 (0.73 eV) because of the change in electrostatic interactions of encapsulated Li+ upon electron transfer. Li+@C60 can form strong supramolecular complexes with various anionic electron donors through electrostatic interactions. Li+@C60 can also form strong supramolecular π complexes with various electron donors, such as cyclic porphyrin dimers, corannulene, and crown ether fused monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalenes. Photoinduced electron transfer from electron donors to Li+@C60 afforded long‐lived charge‐separated states of supramolecular complexes between electron donors and Li+@C60. A photoelectrochemical solar cell composed of supramolecular nanoclusters of Li+@C60 and zinc sulfonated meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin exhibits significant enhancement in the photoelectrochemical performance than that of the reference system containing only a single component.
An Extremely Bulky Tris(pyrazolyl)methanide: A Tridentate Ligand for the Synthesis of Heteroleptic Magnesium(II) and Ytterbium(II) Alkyl, Hydride, and Iodide Complexes
Authors: Lalrempuia Ralte , Stasch Andreas , Jones Cameron 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe tris(pyrazolyl)methane compound HC(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)3 [1, 3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz=3‐(1‐adamantyl)‐5‐methylpyrazolyl] and its regioisomer, HC(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)2(3‐Me‐5‐Adpz), were synthesized and crystallographically characterized. Deprotonation of 1 with MeLi afforded the lithium complex [{κ3‐N‐C(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)3}Li(thf)], which incorporates a tris(pyrazolyl)methanide ligand of unprecedented bulk. Reaction of 1 with MeMgI gave the ionic coordination complex [{κ3‐N‐HC(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)3}MgMe]I, which was readily deprotonated to afford the neutral compound [{κ3‐N‐C(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)3}MgMe]. The related magnesium butyl compound [{κ3‐N‐C(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)3}MgBu] was prepared from the reaction of 1 and MgBu2. Treating this with LiAlH4 or LiAlD4 led to rare examples of terminal magnesium hydride/deuteride complexes, [{κ3‐N‐C(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)3}MgH/D]. All neutral magnesium alkyl and hydride compounds were crystallographically authenticated. Reaction of [{κ3κN‐C(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)3}Li(thf)] with [YbI2(thf)2] yielded the first structurally characterized f‐block tris(pyrazolyl)methanide complex, [{κ3‐N‐C(3‐Ad‐5‐Mepz)3}YbI(thf)].
Construction of Nitronyl Nitroxide‐Based 3d–4f Clusters: Structure and Magnetism
Authors: Wang Xiu‐Feng , Hu Peng , Li Yun‐Gai , Li Li‐Cun 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThree unprecedented nitronyl nitroxide radical‐bridged 3d–4f clusters, [Ln2Cu2(hfac)10(NIT‐3py)2(H2O)2](LnIII=Y, Gd, Dy), have been obtained from the self‐assembly of Ln(hfac)3, Cu(hfac)2, and the radical ligand. The Dy complex shows a slow relaxation of magnetization, representing the first nitronyl nitroxide radical‐based 3d–4f cluster with single‐molecule magnet behavior.
Are residents of mountain‐top mining counties more likely to have infants with birth defects? The west virginia experience
Authors: Lamm Steven H. , Li Ji , Robbins Shayhan A. , Dissen Elisabeth , Chen Rusan , Feinleib Manning 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundPooled 1996 to 2003 birth certificate data for four central states in Appalachia indicated higher rates of infants with birth defects born to residents of counties with mountain‐top mining (MTM) than born to residents of non–mining‐counties (Ahern 2011). However, those analyses did not consider sources of uncertainty such as unbalanced distributions or quality of data. Quality issues have been a continuing problem with birth certificate analyses. We used 1990 to 2009 live birth certificate data for West Virginia to reassess this hypothesis.MethodsForty‐four hospitals contributed 98% of the MTM‐county births and 95% of the non–mining‐county births, of which six had more than 1000 births from both MTM and nonmining counties. Adjusted and stratified prevalence rate ratios (PRRs) were computed both by using Poisson regression and Mantel‐Haenszel analysis.ResultsUnbalanced distribution of hospital births was observed by mining groups. The prevalence rate of infants with reported birth defects, higher in MTM‐counties (0.021) than in non–mining‐counties (0.015), yielded a significant crude PRR (cPRR = 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36–1.52) but a nonsignificant hospital‐adjusted PRR (adjPRR = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.97–1.20; p = 0.16) for the 44 hospitals. So did the six hospital data analysis ([cPRR = 2.39; 95% CI = 2.15–2.65] and [adjPRR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.89–1.14; p = 0.87]).ConclusionNo increased risk of birth defects was observed for births from MTM‐counties after adjustment for, or stratification by, hospital of birth. These results have consistently demonstrated that the reported association between birth defect rates and MTM coal mining was a consequence of data heterogeneity. The data do not demonstrate evidence of a “Mountain‐top Mining” effect on the prevalence of infants with reported birth defects in WV. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:76–84, 2015 © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genotype-defined cancer risk in juvenile polyposis syndrome
Authors: Aytac E , Sulu B , Heald B , O'Malley M , LaGuardia L , Remzi F H , Kalady M F , Burke C A , Church J M 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Background
Germline mutations in SMAD4 and BMPR1A disrupt the transforming growth factor β signal transduction pathway, and are associated with juvenile polyposis syndrome. The effect of genotype on the pattern of disease in this syndrome is unknown. This study evaluated the differential impact of SMAD4 and BMPR1A gene mutations on cancer risk and oncological phenotype in patients with juvenile polyposis syndrome.

Methods
Patients with juvenile polyposis syndrome and germline SMAD4 or BMPR1A mutations were identified from a prospectively maintained institutional registry. Medical records were reviewed and the clinical patterns of disease were analysed.

Results
Thirty-five patients had germline mutations in either BMPR1A (8 patients) or SMAD4 (27). Median follow-up was 11 years. Colonic phenotype was similar between patients with SMAD4 and BMPR1A mutations, whereas SMAD4 mutations were associated with larger polyp numbers (number of patients with 50 or more gastric polyps: 14 versus 0 respectively). The numbers of patients with rectal polyps was comparable between BMPR1A and SMAD4 mutation carriers (5 versus 17). No patient was diagnosed with cancer in the BMPR1A group, whereas four men with a SMAD4 mutation developed gastrointestinal (3) or extraintestinal (1) cancer. The gastrointestinal cancer risk in patients with juvenile polyposis syndrome and a SMAD4 mutation was 11 per cent (3 of 27).

Conclusion
The SMAD4 genotype is associated with a more aggressive upper gastrointestinal malignancy risk in juvenile polyposis syndrome.
‘I Can't Go Back Because If I Go Back I Would Die’: How Asylum Seekers Manage Talk about Returning Home by Highlighting the Importance of Safety
Authors: Goodman Simon , Burke Shani , Liebling Helen , Zasada Daniel 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAsylum seekers living in the UK have been shown to have fled danger in their countries of origin, only to face hardship and the threat of deportation once there. This paper draws on the discursive psychological approach to address the way in which asylum seekers in the UK manage questions about returning to their country of origin. Interviews were conducted with nine asylum seekers in a refugee support centre in the Midlands. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using discourse analysis. The analysis showed that participants drew on the notion of safety to counter suggestions that they should return to their country of origin and to manage their identity as legitimate asylum seekers in need of support. The use of this strategy and the use of interviews for discursive analysis are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Video‐based educational tool improves patient comprehension of common prostate health terminology
Authors: Wang Daniel S. , Jani Ashesh B. , Sesay Musu , Tai Caroline G. , Lee Daniel K. , Echt Katharina V. , Goodman Michael G. , Kilbridge Kerry E. , Master Viraj A. 
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUNDHealth care providers often counsel prostate cancer patients about treatment options with medical terminology. However, studies have demonstrated a severe lack of comprehension of these terms, particularly in underserved populations. It was hypothesized that a video‐based educational tool would significantly improve the understanding of key terms related to prostate health in a predominantly lower literacy population.METHODSA software application was developed by various experts, including urologists and human‐computer interaction specialists, to serve as a video‐based educational tool emphasizing narrated animations to promote understanding of terms related to urinary, bowel, and sexual function. This application was viewed by patients recruited from 2 low‐income safety net clinics, where a previously developed survey was administered to assess pre‐ and postintervention levels of comprehension.RESULTSFifty‐six patients with a mean literacy level of 7th to 8th grade completed the study. Patients achieved statistically significant improvements in comprehension for the majority of the terms after the video intervention, with notable improvements including the terms incontinence (from 14% to 50%), bowels (from 14% to 46%), and impotence (from 58% to 84%). Patients demonstrated significant gains in their understanding of the function of the prostate (from 11% to 30%) and in their ability to locate the prostate on anatomic drawings (from 50% to 82%).CONCLUSIONSThis video‐based educational tool is an effective method for overcoming the severe lack of comprehension of prostate health terminology among patients. The improvements achieved have the potential to enhance patient participation in shared and informed decision making and to support combined visual‐audio multimedia as a promising tool for prostate cancer education. Cancer 2015;121:733–740. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Adult c‐Kit(+) progenitor cells are necessary for maintenance and regeneration of olfactory neurons
Authors: Goldstein Bradley J. , Goss Garrett M. , Hatzistergos Konstantinos E. , Rangel Erika B. , Seidler Barbara , Saur Dieter , Hare Joshua M. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTThe olfactory epithelium houses chemosensory neurons, which transmit odor information from the nose to the brain. In adult mammals, the olfactory epithelium is a uniquely robust neuroproliferative zone, with the ability to replenish its neuronal and non‐neuronal populations due to the presence of germinal basal cells. The stem and progenitor cells of these germinal layers, and their regulatory mechanisms, remain incompletely defined. Here we show that progenitor cells expressing c‐Kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase marking stem cells in a variety of embryonic tissues, are required for maintenance of the adult neuroepithelium. Mouse genetic fate‐mapping analyses show that embryonically, a c‐Kit(+) population contributes to olfactory neurogenesis. In adults under conditions of normal turnover, there is relatively sparse c‐Kit(+) progenitor cell (ckPC) activity. However, after experimentally induced neuroepithelial injury, ckPCs are activated such that they reconstitute the neuronal population. There are also occasional non‐neuronal cells found to arise from ckPCs. Moreover, the selective depletion of the ckPC population, utilizing temporally controlled targeted diphtheria toxin A expression, results in failure of neurogenesis after experimental injury. Analysis of this model indicates that most ckPCs reside among the globose basal cell populations and act downstream of horizontal basal cells, which can serve as stem cells. Identification of the requirement for olfactory c‐Kit–expressing progenitors in olfactory maintenance provides new insight into the mechanisms involved in adult olfactory neurogenesis. Additionally, we define an important and previously unrecognized site of adult c‐Kit activity. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:15–31, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of Latent Heat in Boiling Water on the Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles of Different Sizes by using the Turkevich Method
Authors: Ding Wenchao , Zhang Peina , Li Yijing , Xia Haibing , Wang Dayang , Tao Xutang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Turkevich method, involving the reduction of HAuCl4with citrate in boiling water, allows the facile production of monodisperse, quasispherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Although, it is well‐known that the size of the AuNPs obtained with the same recipe vary slightly (as little as approximately 4 nm), but noticeably, from one report to another, it has rarely been studied. The present work demonstrates that this size variation can be reconciled by the small, but noticeable, effect that the latent heat in boiling water has on the size of the AuNPs obtained by using the Turkevich method. The increase in latent heat during water boiling caused an approximately 3 nm reduction in the size of the as‐prepared AuNPs; this reduction in size is mainly a result of accelerated nucleation driven by the extra heat. It was further demonstrated that, the heating temperature can be utilized as an additional measure to adjust the growth rate of AuNPs during the reduction of HAuCl4with citrate in boiling water. Therefore, the latent heat of boiling solvents may provide one way to control nucleation and growth in the synthesis of monodisperse nanoparticles.
Halide‐Ion‐Assisted Synthesis of Different α‐Fe2O3 Hollow Structures and Their Lithium‐Ion Storage Properties
Authors: Ma Ruguang , Wang Man , Dam Duc Tai , Dong Yucheng , Chen Yu , Moon Seung Ki , Yoon Yong‐Jin , Lee Jong‐Min 
Published: November 2014

AbstractVarious α‐Fe2O3 hollow structures, such as wormlike shapes, ellipsoids, and quasicubes, were synthesized successfully by a halide‐ion‐assisted solvothermal method. The self‐assembly assisted by selective absorption of halide ions and Ostwald ripening speeded up by acidic etching commonly determine the final unique structures. The electrochemical performance of the α‐Fe2O3 with different structures in reversible lithium‐ion storage was investigated, and showed that the hollow Fe2O3 quasicubes exhibit the best cycling performance with a charge capacity of 401.6 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 C. The superior cycling stability and high specific capacity can be ascribed to the higher specific surface area, lower charge‐transfer resistance, and adequate alleviation of volume variation.
Notch affects the prodifferentiating effect of retinoic acid and PMA on leukemic cells
Authors: Matulic Maja , Skelin Josipa , Radic‐Kristo Delfa , Kardum‐Skelin Ika , Grcevic Danka , Antica Mariastefania 
Published: November 2014

AbstractNotch proteins determine cell fate decisions in the development of diverse tissues. Notch has been initially found in T‐ALL but its role has been also studied in myelopoiesis and myeloid leukemias. Studies in different model systems have led to a widespread controversy as to whether Notch promotes or blocks myeloid differentiation. In this work, we evaluated the influence of Notch activation on leukemic cell differentiation along the monocytic and myelocytic pathway induced by phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) or all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA). We observed that differentiation of the human myeloblastic cell line HL‐60 can be retarded or blocked by Delta/Notch interaction. ATRA induces complete remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, but it cannot completely eliminate the leukemic clone and to be effective it should be combined with chemotherapy. Our findings suggest that Notch signaling may contribute to the incomplete elimination of the leukemic cells after PMA or ATRA treatment and the blockage of Notch pathway may be beneficial in the treatment of myeloid leukemia. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Management of Patients with Psoriasis Treated with Biological Drugs Needing a Surgical Treatment
Authors: Fabiano Antonella , De Simone Clara , Gisondi Paolo , Piaserico Stefano , Lasagni Claudia , Pellacani Giovanni , Conti Andrea 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Postmarketing Phase IV

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) is a cytokine that plays a critical role in inflammatory and immune processes and in the control of infections and sepsis. Data on the perioperative management of patients treated with biologic drugs are limited and mainly in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This retrospective study assesses variations in the incidence of side effects between psoriatic patients who temporarily discontinue or continue biological therapy before surgical treatment. Despite the immunosuppressive risk, our results suggest that postoperative complications are not influenced by the suspension of biologic therapies. As TNF‐α plays a role in promoting collagen synthesis and wound healing, we suggest that anti‐TNFs should be discontinued before major surgery, whereas for minor surgery, the lower rates of infections favor anti‐TNF‐α continuation, particularly since suspending anti‐TNF therapy is known to induce psoriasis relapse.
Ten‐Year Drug Survival of Anti‐TNF Agents in the Treatment of Inflammatory Arthritides
Authors: Biggioggero Martina , Favalli Ennio Giulio 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Postmarketing Phase IV

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor therapies (anti‐TNFs) are used routinely as first‐line biotherapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA: psoriatic arthritis [PsA] and ankylosing spondylitis [AS]) in patients who have failed traditional non‐biologic disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, about 30% of patients experience failure of first‐line anti‐TNF agent because of inefficacy or adverse events. This study analyzed long‐term anti‐TNFα drug survival in a clinical practice setting. The overall 10‐year retention rate of first‐line anti‐TNF agent is about 23%, being significantly higher for SpA compared with RA patients. ETN is the most persistent anti‐TNF with a drug survival rate significantly higher than IFX and ADA.
Effects of TNF‐Alpha Inhibitors on Circulating Th17 Cells in Patients Affected by Severe Psoriasis
Authors: Piaserico Stefano , Sandini Elena , Saldan Alda , Abate Davide 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Postmarketing Phase IV

Psoriasis was previously considered to be mostly a Th1 cell‐related disorder, but Th17 cell has recently emerged as an important player in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The Th17 immune pathway is increased in psoriatic patients, both in peripheral circulation and in skin lesions, and positively correlates with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index. Anti‐tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) agents, in addition to potent inhibition of TNF‐α activity, are able to decrease IL‐17 levels and Th17 cells in the skin and plasma of patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. We found a decrease in the median Th17 cell count in peripheral blood after 4 months' therapy with anti‐TNF‐α compared with baseline values, but the difference did not reach statistical significance, probably due to the small cohort size. Our data suggest that anti‐TNF‐α treatment for psoriasis is able to achieve a substantial Th17 cell count reduction in the peripheral blood of patients and that this decrease is significantly associated with an adequate response to biologic therapy, as previous studies in rheumatoid arthritis have shown.
Immature dendritic cells convert anergic nonregulatory T cells into Foxp3−IL‐10+ regulatory T cells by engaging CD28 and CTLA‐4
Authors: Pletinckx Katrien , Vaeth Martin , Schneider Theresa , Beyersdorf Niklas , Hünig Thomas , Berberich‐Siebelt Friederike , Lutz Manfred B. 
Published: November 2014

Anergic T cells can survive for long time periods passively in a hyporesponsive state without obvious active functions. Thus, the immunological reason for their maintenance is unclear. Here, we induced peptide‐specific anergy in T cells from mice by coculturing these cells with immature murine dendritic cells (DCs). We found that these anergic, nonsuppressive IL‐10−Foxp3−CTLA‐4+CD25lowEgr2+ T cells could be converted into suppressive IL‐10+Foxp3−CTLA‐4+CD25highEgr2+ cells resembling type‐1 Treg cells (Tr1) when stimulated a second time by immature DCs in vitro. Addition of TGF‐β during anergy induction favored Foxp3+ Treg‐cell induction, while TGF‐β had little effect when added to the second stimulation. Expression of both CD28 and CTLA‐4 molecules on anergic T cells was required to allow their conversion into Tr1‐like cells. Suppressor activity was enabled via CD28‐mediated CD25 upregulation, acting as an IL‐2 sink, together with a CTLA‐4‐mediated inhibition of NFATc1/α activation to shut down IL‐2‐mediated proliferation. Together, these data provide evidence and mechanistical insights into how persistent anergic T cells may serve as a resting memory pool for Tr1‐like cells.
Synthesis of Advanced Nanoreinforced Polyurethane with Thiolene Photografted Organo‐Modified Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Ramoné Audrey , Diouf‐Lewis Audrey , Delor‐Jestin Florence , Auvergne Rémi , Caillol Sylvain , Verney Vincent , Leroux Fabrice 
Published: November 2014

AbstractNew bionanocomposites with strongly intertwined structures based on polyurethane and layered double hydroxides (LDH) were obtained by using two different intermolecular thiolene coupling strategies in which the modification of LDH with oleic acid was either performed first and then followed by the thiolene photografting using 2‐mercaptoethanol, or the initial thiolene photografted oleic acid/2‐mercaptoethanol product was subsequently used to modify the LDH platelets. The resultant photografted oleate/LDH was condensed with diisocyanate and the addition of poly(ethyleneglycol) yielded a final hybrid polymer. The interleaved LDH materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis, underlining the possible commutative steps between photografting and organo‐modification processes. The resultant polyurethanes were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry and rheology. Furthermore, the durability of the resultant polymers was assessed by photo‐FTIR. The results showed that strongly intermingled polyurethanes were processed by both strategies. Enhanced mechanical properties as well as more prolonged durability were found after anchoring LDH sheets and this was even more amplified when using the photografted acid direct intercalation into the LDH during the first synthesis step.