bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machinability study of stainless steel AISI 304 under the influence of copper oxide nanoparticles dispersed emulsifier cutting fluid
Authors: Ravi S. , Tamilselvam P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractQuality machining on stainless steel AISI 304 is achieved by reducing the interface temperature generated due to high hardness and compressive frictional force. Temperature rise during the turning operation was observed to cause a weak tool nose, and machining surface. Enhanced lubricant properties can alleviate these issues and help reduce tool nose wear while increasing machined surface quality. Nano‐lubricants have been prepared to meet the functional requirements for machining. Emulsifier oil‐based nanofluids perform exceptionally well in heat transfer during machining. The present investigation focuses on copper oxide nanoparticles addition in “Society of Automotive Engineers 30” emulsifier oil at two different weight percentage: 1.5 wt.‐% and 2.25 wt.‐%, aiming to improve heat transfer and machined surface quality. In this experimental study, a computer numerical control machine tool, DCMT120404 insert, tool dynamometer, and infrared pyrometer are utilized for the machining operation. It was observed that 2.25 wt.‐% copper oxide mixed emulsifier‐nano cutting fluid exhibited minimum cutting force and work‐tool interface temperature while enhancing the surface quality.
Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and properties of low silicon hypereutectic high chromium cast iron
Authors: Gu J. , Liu S. , Si J. , Zhang Z. , Wang X. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐chromium cast iron is a good wear‐resistant material. Its heat treatment regime has an important influence on the evolution of its microstructure and properties. This study investigates the microstructural attributes and properties of Fe–4.0 C–35.0Cr–0.5Si (wt.%) low‐silicon hypereutectic high‐chromium cast iron subsequent to quenching at 1050 °C, followed by tempering at diverse temperatures. The microstructure was examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffractometry across varied tempering conditions. Furthermore, microhardness and wear resistance were conducted via a microhardness tester and a wear testing machine. The results show that the quenching heat treatment promotes the transformation of the matrix from austenite to martensite, while also promoting the precipitation of secondary carbides of M23C6‐type. The subsequent tempering heat treatment engenders transformations involving retained austenite to martensite, amplifies the precipitation and enlargement of secondary carbides, and induces martensite decomposition. As the tempering temperature increases, primary and eutectic carbides exhibit minimal changes, while the secondary carbide morphology evolves from granular to reticular. The matrix composition predominantly comprises martensite, interspersed with a minor fraction of austenite. It is worth noting that the alloy has the highest hardness and wear resistance after quenching at 1050 °C and then tempering at 400 °C.
Prediction of coefficient of friction of solid powder lubricants under high pressure conditions using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Jose J. , Suryawanshi A. , Behera N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConventional liquid lubricants prove inadequate for effective lubrication in conditions characterized by high temperatures and high vacuum environments. In such extreme scenarios, powder lubricants emerge as a more viable solution. The present study is to conduct a series of experiments using a reciprocating wear test setup and evaluate the capability of four different machine learning models in analysing the tribological attributes of metals when lubricated with three distinct powder types: zirconium dioxide, copper oxide, and molybdenum disulfide, specifically under conditions of elevated contact pressures and dry environments. The experiments were systematically carried out encompassing a range of load and temperature combinations. Four different machine learning models (MLP, KNN, extreme gradient boosting and light gradient‐boosting machine) were used for predicting the coefficient of friction of metals lubricated with different powders. Extreme gradient boosting machine learning model gives better result than the other models with mean absolute error, root mean squared error, R2value and average absolute deviation percentage of 0.0215, 0.0278, 0.9962 and respectively.
Gugwilx'ya'ansk and goats: Indigenous perspectives on governance, stewardship and relationality in mountain goat (mati) hunting in Gitga'at territory
Authors: Greening (La’goot) Spencer 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Indigenous peoples' deep time relationships with ecosystems hold valuable lessons on how humans can relate to, and be stewards in, the natural world. At the crux of these lessons is the multifaceted way Indigenous peoples participate within ecosystems.

This paper describes this multifaceted connection between people and place by analysing a legal and pedagogical philosophy called gugwilx'ya'ansk amongst the Ts'msyen (Tsimshian) people of the northwest coast of North America.

The author, an Indigenous anthropologist from the Gitk’a’ata (Gitga'at) tribe of the Tsimshian, narrates how gugwilx’ya’ansk weaves education, governance, identity, spirituality, and ritual into land‐based practices for the purpose of deep‐time stewardship. Through autoethnographic narrative and storytelling, he focuses on his own journey of being groomed into becoming a mountain goat hunter within the hereditary governance system of his community, and how this process revealed a methodology to achieve relationality and reciprocity on the landscape while harvesting.

This paper concludes by reflecting on why this Indigenous methodology has been successful for the author, and what lessons it has to offer greater society.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Multiple symmetric task control for networked robot systems over switching network topology
Authors: Wang Zhaoyan , Li Hengyu , Liu Jun , Wang Yueying , Xie Shaorong , Luo Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article addresses the multiple symmetric task control issue of networked robot systems modeled by the Euler–Lagrange equation under a switching communication network topology. A distributed coordinated control protocol is presented with the aid of multiple virtual leaders. Based on the special structure of the network topology, some geometric convergence criteria under which the network can realize multiple symmetric consensus is given. Finally, two simulations conducted on seven two‐link revolute arms and eleven mass agents are proposed to illustrate our design, respectively.
An improved switched prescribed finite time attitude control for quadrotors
Authors: Liu Zhongtao , He Weikai , Liu Cungen , Li Chengdong , Zhao Yajing 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe paper is devoted to the prescribed finite time attitude control for quadrotors. A novel prescribed finite time function is introduced, which is independent of initial conditions and design parameters. And a switched prescribed finite time controller is firstly designed, such that the quadrotor can not only converge to the desired attitude in a prescribed time, but also guarantee the stability of the quadrotor after the settling time. Simultaneously, it effectively avoids chattering issues at the controller's switching points. Finally, the simulation comparisons are carried out between the proposed control strategy and infinite time, finite time, traditional prescribed finite time control schemes to demonstrate the superiority of the developed controller.
Study on the regularities of flow‐sediment transport and sedimentation in the lower Yellow River
Authors: Zheng Zhao , Guo Qingchao , Deng Anjun , Wang Dangwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe training effectiveness of the lower Yellow River (LYR) depends on the understanding of the regularity of flow‐sediment transport and riverbed sedimentation. The measured data of daily flow discharge and sediment transport rate at the five hydrological stations (Xiaolangdi [Xld], Huayuankou [Hyk], Gaocun [Gc], Aishan [As], and Lijin [Lj]) in the LYR during the period from 1960 to 2017 are used to investigate the regularity of flow‐sediment transport and sedimentation in the LYR. The Xld station is used as the inlet control station, and the LYR is divided into four segments using four other stations, and the whole year is divided into three periods, namely, the dry season, the flood period, and the nonflood period of the wet season. On this basis, the relationships between the sediment transport rates at the four stations (Hyk, Gc, As, and Lj) and the rates at their respective closest upstream stations are analyzed in each of the three periods. According to the incoming sediment coefficient of the Xld station, the flow and sediment processes in the three periods are classified, and the refined equations for the relationship between the sediment transport rates at the downstream station and its upstream station are established. The results show that the calculated amount and process of erosion and deposition in each period and each segment of the LYR using the equations are in good agreement with the measured values. The relationship equations established in this study can conveniently predict the amount of erosion and deposition in different periods and different segments of the LYR in the future, which is of great significance to the rapid decision of the impact of the construction and operation of hydraulic projects in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River on the sedimentation in the LYR.
Toward sustainable energy transition: Unveiling the synergies of democracy, energy justice, and structural adjustment on emissions in West Africa
Authors: Opoku‐Mensah Evans , Chen Wei , Tuffour Priscilla , Agozie Divine Quase , Gyamfi Bright Akwasi , Mahmoud Ajara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe transition to sustainable energy is crucial for climate change mitigation, yet achieving net‐zero emissions remains challenging. While structural adjustments away from carbon‐intensive industries can reduce emissions, such transformations must be underpinned by democratic governance and equitable clean energy access (energy justice). Disappointedly, the interplay among structural change, democracy, and energy justice in mitigating emissions has received insufficient attention. This study examines this nexus among 15 West African countries using the Driscoll–Kraay standard estimator. Our findings indicate that democracy, structural adjustment, and energy justice significantly reduce carbon emissions, while globalization, urbanization, and international trade increase it. We recommend that governments in these nations should promote economic diversification into low‐carbon industries, ensure energy justice through electrification and clean cooking initiatives, enhance transparency and public participation in environmental decision‐making, and facilitate multi‐stakeholder dialogs on sustainable practices.
Environmental degradation in South Asia: Implications for child health and the role of institutional quality and globalization
Authors: Wang Feng , Gillani Seemab , Balsalobre‐Lorente Daniel , Shafiq Muhammad Nouman , Khan Khush Dil 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn order to address the pressing issue of child death, policymakers have increasingly recognized the need to prioritize child health in their policy decisions. The growing literature supports the recognition of various macroeconomic factors as significant contributors to child health. However, one element largely overlooked in recent research is environmental degradation, which poses a significant threat to child health, particularly in developing nations. Consequently, the current analysis aims to shed light on the impact of environmental degradation on child health and how this relationship is influenced by institutional quality (IQ) and globalization (GLB). The feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) and panel‐corrected standard error (PCSE) were used to establish the empirical relationship by using 27 years of data (1995–2021) from the South Asian economies. Empirical results demonstrate that environmental degradation negatively influences child health, that is, increasing mortality rates, indicating that CO2 is the main obstacle to meeting the SDG‐3.2 target of 25 infant mortality rate per 1000 in South Asia by 2030. While IQ and GLB positively impact child health. Furthermore, the relationship between CO2 emissions and child health demonstrated how IQ and GLB have moderating effects. Higher CO2 emissions eventually result in higher mortality rates, although these emissions can be reduced by promoting GLB, whereas IQ cannot moderate the negative influence of CO2 emissions on child health. Study results show that health‐relevant reforms should align with strong IQ, GLB, and environmental protection policies. This study builds on earlier research by investigating IQ and GLB's moderating role in influencing child health.
The Impact of Oxygen Content in O‐Doped MoS2 on the Kinetics of Polysulfide Conversion in Li–S Batteries
Authors: Ren Xuan , Wu Haiwei , Guo Yanbo , Wei Hairu , Wu Haoteng , Wang Huan , Lin Zhihua , Xiong Chuanyin , Liu Hanbin , Zhang Lin , Li Zhijian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolysulfide shuttle and sluggish sulfur redox kinetics remain key challenges in lithium–sulfur batteries. Previous researches have shown that introducing oxygen into transition metal sulfides helps to capture polysulfides and enhance their conversion kinetics. Based on this, further investigations are conducted to explore the impact of oxygen doping levels on the physical‐chemical properties and electrocatalytic performance of MoS2. The findings reveal that MoS2 doped with high‐content oxygen exhibits enhanced conductivity and polysulfides conversion kinetics compared to MoS2 with low‐content oxygen doping, which can be attributed to the alteration of crystal structure from 2H‐phase to the 1T‐phase, the introduction of increased Li–O interactions, and the effect of defects resulting from high‐oxygen doping. Consequently, the lithium–sulfur batteries using high‐oxygen doped MoS2 as a catalyst deliver a high discharge capacity of 1015 mAh g−1 at 0.25C and maintain 78.5% capacity after 300 more cycles. Specifically, lithium–sulfur batteries employing paper‐based electrodedemonstrate an areal capacity of 3.91 mAh cm−2 at 0.15C, even with sulfur loading of 4.1 mg cm−2 and electrolyte of 6.7 µL mg−1. These results indicate that oxygen doping levels can modify the properties of MoS2, and high‐oxygen doped MoS2 shows promise as an efficient catalyst for lithium–sulfur batteries.
Photo‐Excited High‐Spin State Ni (III) Species in Mo‐Doped Ni3S2 for Efficient Urea Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Wang Peichen , Zheng Wei , Qu Yafei , Duan Naiyuan , Yang Yang , Wang Dongdong , Wang Hui , Chen Qianwang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDesigning robust catalysts for increasing the sluggish kinetics of the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is challenging. Herein, the regulation of spin states for metal active sites by photoexcitation to facilitate the adsorption of urea and intermediates is demonstrated. Mo‐doped nickel sulfide nanoribbon arrays (Mo‐Ni3S2@NMF) with excellent light‐trapping capacity are successfully prepared. Under AM 1.5G illumination, the activity of the Mo‐Ni3S2@NMF exhibits a 50% improvement in the UOR current. Compared with those under dark conditions, Mo‐Ni3S2@NMF achieve 10 mA cm−2 at 1.315 VRHE for UOR and 1.32 Vcell for urea electrolysis, which are decreases of 15 and 80 mV, respectively. The electron spin resonance, in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and density functional theory calculations reveal that illumination led to the formation of Ni3+ active sites in a high‐spin state, which strengthens the d‐p orbital hybridization of Ni‐N, hence facilitating the adsorption of urea. C─N cleavage of the *CONN intermediate is further inhibited, which promotes the oxidation of urea molecules via the active N2 pathway, thereby accelerating the UOR rate.
Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanozyme with Cascade Catalytic Releasing Nitric Oxide and Signet Oxygen Property for Synergistic Bimodal Therapy of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections
Authors: Li Hui , Luo Keyan , Liu Wenkang , Yu Siming , Xue Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecently, chloroperoxidase (CPO)‐mediated enzyme dynamic therapy (EDT) by mimicking the antipathogen function of neutrophils via generating highly active signet oxygen (1O2) has attracted great interest in biomedical applications. However, the therapeutic efficiency of EDT is largely restricted by the low CPO delivery efficiency and insufficient hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) supply. In the present work, a neutrophil‐mimicking nanozyme of MGBC with high CPO delivery efficiency, H2O2 self‐supply, and enzyme‐cascade catalytic properties is designed for high‐efficient treatment of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. In the infection microenvironment, MGBC can effectively catalyze glucose to self‐supply substantial H2O2, which enables long‐lasting 1O2 generation via the CPO‐mediated catalytic reaction. At the meantime, MGBC can also catalyze H2O2 to sustainably release NO for gas therapy (GT), which synergistically strengthens the therapeutic effect of EDT. As a result, MGBC displayed effective MRSA‐killing and MSRA biofilms‐eradicating properties, and high efficiency in treating both MRSA infected full‐thickness excision wounds and subcutaneous MRSA infection by exerting the synergistic bimodal EDT/GT therapeutic effects. In‐depth mechanism study revealed that the synergistic EDT/GT antibacterial effects of MGBC can attenuate the drug resistance and toxicity of MRSA by significantly downregulating quorum sensing, multidrug efflux, virulence, and biofilm formation‐related genes.
Designing Heterocyclic Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Electronic Structures for Efficient Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Yang Zhongjie , Zuo Lulu , Luo Bifu , Yang Caoyu , Wang Shi‐Qiang , Chew Litian , Zhu Jun , Zhang Xiaofei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe electrocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through the two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) has garnered significant research attention in recent years due to its numerous appealing advantages, such as being eco‐friendly and exhibiting high energy conversion efficiency. Metal‐free carbon materials with specific catalytic sites have been recognized as potential electrocatalysts for 2e− ORR; however, the design of highly efficient catalysts with well‐defined structures and long‐term stability for large‐scale H2O2 production remains unsatisfactory. In this study, three covalent organic frameworks (COFs) – imine‐linked LZU‐1, oxazole‐linked LZU‐190, and thiazole‐linked LZU‐190(S), are successfully synthesized to explore their catalytic activity in electrocatalytic H2O2 production. Among these, the carbon sites LZU‐190(S) are predominantly activated by the introduced adjacent heteroatoms via electronic effects, resulting in much higher H2O2 selectivity compared to the oxazole and imine linkages. This work provides new insights into developing COFs‐based electrocatalysts for efficient H2O2 generation.
Emerging Advances around Nanofluidic Transport and Mass Separation under Confinement in Atomically Thin Nanoporous Graphene
Authors: Guo Liping , Wu Ningran , Zhang Shengping , Zeng Haiou , Yang Jing , Han Xiao , Duan Hongwei , Liu Yuancheng , Wang Luda 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMembrane separation stands as an environmentally friendly, high permeance and selectivity, low energy demand process that deserves scientific investigation and industrialization. To address intensive demand, seeking appropriate membrane materials to surpass trade‐off between permeability and selectivity and improve stability is on the schedule. 2D materials offer transformational opportunities and a revolutionary platform for researching membrane separation process. Especially, the atomically thin graphene with controllable porosity and structure, as well as unique properties, is widely considered as a candidate for membrane materials aiming to provide extreme stability, exponentially large selectivity combined with high permeability. Currently, it has shown promising opportunities to develop separation membranes to tackle bottlenecks of traditional membranes, and it has been of great interest for tremendously versatile applications such as separation, energy harvesting, and sensing. In this review, starting from transport mechanisms of separation, the material selection bank is narrowed down to nanoporous graphene. The study presents an enlightening overview of very recent developments in the preparation of atomically thin nanoporous graphene and correlates surface properties of such 2D nanoporous materials to their performance in critical separation applications. Finally, challenges related to modulation and manufacturing as well as potential avenues for performance improvements are also pointed out.
A Stability‐Indicating RP‐HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Analysis of a Novel Synthetic Decapeptide and Six Related Substances
Authors: Pawar Ramesh , Tivari Sunil , Panchani Divya , Makasana Jayanti 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTCurrently, the therapeutic potential of complex biomolecules such as peptides has significantly enhanced the demand for analytical method development and validation for their quality control. Peptides are more complex to analyze than small molecules because of their larger size and unique physical–chemical properties, which create different challenges for analytical method development. Reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) with ultraviolet or mass spectrometry is the most widely used technique for analyzing peptides and related substances. In the present study, a decapeptide and its six related possible impurities were synthesized in‐house and identified. A stability‐indicating RP‐HPLC method has been developed for the estimation of the decapeptide and its related substances. The developed method was validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines for specificity, linearity, limit of detection, quantification, accuracy, precision, and robustness. The stability‐indicating capability of the proposed method was studied under the stress conditions of acid, base, oxidative, thermal, humidity, and photolytic degradation. The decapeptide peak and its degradant were found to be homogeneous and pure in the studied stress trials, with mass balance for all types of degradation exceeding 95%. It confirms the reliability and appropriateness of determining the integrity and purity of the decapeptide and its related substances.