bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Half‐Sib Matting and Genetic Analysis of Agronomic, Morphological, and Physiological Traits in Sainfoin under Nonstressed versus Water‐Deficit Conditions
Authors: Irani Sayareh , Majidi Mohammad Mahdi , Mirlohi Aghafakhr 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTHalf‐sib matting, including polycross and openpollination, are powerful methods to obtain quantitative genetic information in breeding of forage plants. In sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop).no prior efforts have been made to estimate the genetic parameters of traits and comparing these methods. Thirty half‐sib families (16 polycross and 14 open‐pollinated families) were evaluated under two moisture environments (nonstressed and water deficit) during 2010 to 2012. Water deficit decreased plant height (20.3%), plant density (51.8%), dry matter yield (45–53%), relative water content (RWC) (18.9%) and increased carotenoid content (23.9%), proline content (65.7%), specific catalase (74.4%) and ascorbate peroxidase activity (52.7%). High genotypic variation was observed for most of the measured traits. Narrow‐sense heritability (h2PFM) estimates for agro‐morphological traits ranged from 0.42 (leaf to stem ratio) to 0.95 (flowering date). The highest and lowest h2PFM among physiological traits were estimated for carotenoid content (0.50) and RWC (0.83), respectively. Moderate to high heritability for most traits showed the contribution of additive genetic effects suggesting phenotypic selection could be successful. The best agromorphological and physiological traits (such as plant height, plant density, dry matter yield, and RWC) under water deficit belonged to families 16 and 27. Dry matter yield had significant and positive correlation with plant height and plant density indicating indirect selection would also be effective to improve forage yield. Principal component analysis separated polycross and open‐pollinated families into distinct groups. Open‐pollinated families had higher mean values and general combining ability for most of the traits while polycross families had higher heritability and genetic gain from selection. This may indicate a more effective selection and a higher genetic advance in polycross families.
Combining Ability for Phytophthora infestans Quantitative Resistance from Wild Tomato
Authors: Haggard J. Erron , St.Clair Dina A. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTAlleles conferring quantitative resistance to late blight disease [Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary] were introgressed into cultivated tomato [Solanum lycopersicum (L.)] from resistant wild tomato (Solanum habrochaites Knapp and Spooner). Two sets of sub‐near‐isogenic lines (sub‐NILs) were marker‐selected so that each contained resistance QTL alleles from S. habrochaites chromosome 5 or 11. We conducted a combining ability study with the sub‐NILs to evaluate the potential utility of the resistance QTL alleles for breeding F1 hybrid cultivars and identify sub‐NILs with the highest combining ability for late blight disease resistance. The sub‐NILs were mated with inbred testers in factorial mating designs (Design II). F1 hybrid progeny from these two sets of sub‐NILs, in which each hybrid was heterozygous for one or more QTL resistance alleles on chromosome 5 or 11, were evaluated for P. infestans resistance in replicated field and growth chamber experiments. Differences in combining ability were found in growth chamber but not field experiments, suggesting that sub‐NILs contributed similar levels of resistance to their F1 hybrid progeny in the field, but different levels in the growth chamber. Significant QTL × environment interactions were detected across field and growth chamber experiments. We identified sub‐NILs that expressed P. infestans resistance in F1 hybrid combinations, suggesting that these sub‐NILs could be useful for breeding F1 hybrid varieties with enhanced resistance. The expression of quantitative resistance to P. infestans in F1 hybrids derived from each sub‐NIL parent was provided by multiple QTL alleles from S. habrochaites.
Anthracnose Disease on Annual Bluegrass as Influenced by Spring and Summer Topdressing
Authors: Hempfling James W. , Clarke Bruce B. , Murphy James A. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTSand topdressing annual bluegrass [Poa annua L. f. reptans (Hausskn) T. Koyama] (ABG) turf during the summer (SU) can reduce the severity of anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotrichum cereale Manns, but the effect of spring (SP) topdressing warrants further research. A 2‐yr field study evaluated the effect of SP and SU topdressing on anthracnose severity of ABG maintained at 3.2‐mm on a sandy loam in North Brunswick, NJ. Factors of SP (0, 1.2, and 2.4 L m−2 yr−1) and SU (0, 0.525, 1.05, 2.1, and 4.2 L m−2 yr−1) topdressing rate were arranged as a 3 × 5 factorial. Increasing SP rate reduced the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) linearly in both years, whereas increasing SU rate reduced AUDPC linearly in 2009 but quadratically in 2010. Maximum AUDPC reduction was predicted at a lower total topdressing rate (2.4 and 2.63 L m−2 yr−1 during SP and SU, respectively) in 2010 than 2009. Unlike AUDPC data, pooled disease severity data indicated that SP interacted with SU topdressing, and by late 2010, a SU topdressing rate as low as 2.1 L m−2 yr−1 (at the greatest SP rate) maximized disease suppression. However, incorporation of sand applied at 2.1 and 4.2 L m−2 yr−1 was often delayed, resulting in excess sand on the surface, whereas lower SU rates (0.525 and 1.05 L m−2 yr−1) readily incorporated into the turf. This research indicates that SP topdressing can be used to reduce the rate of SU topdressing needed to suppress anthracnose but may not eliminate the need for SU topdressing to maximize disease suppression.
Belowground Interspecies Interaction Enhances Productivity and Water Use Efficiency in Maize–Pea Intercropping Systems
Authors: Chen Guodong , Chai Qiang , Huang Gaobao , Yu Aizhong , Feng Fuxue , Mu Yanping , Kong Xuefu , Huang Peng 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIntercropping is shown to have yield advantages compared with sole cropping, but it is unknown how much yield advantage is due to belowground interspecies interactions. Here we determined grain yield, land equivalent ratio (LER), and water use efficiency (WUE) of maize (Zea mays L.)–pea (Pisum sativum L.) intercropping and quantified the magnitude of the contribution by belowground interspecies interactions. Field experiments were conducted at Wuwei (37°96′ N, 102°64′ E), northwest China, in 2009 and 2010. Treatments included sole maize, sole pea, and three maize–pea intercropping systems that, respectively, had no root‐barrier (M–P), plastic sheet barrier (PM–P), and nylon mesh barrier (NM–P). The plastic sheet and nylon mesh barriers were vertically placed to 1‐m deep between the two intercrop strips; this allowed the quantification of belowground interspecies interactions. On a per hectare basis, the maize–pea intercropping increased grain yields by an average of 31.3% and improved WUE by 21.9% compared with the corresponding sole maize and sole pea. The LER value was 1.33 for the M–P system, suggesting that the grain yield produced by the maize–pea intercrops per hectare is equivalent to the yield that sole crops would produce with 33% additional farmland. The M–P system had the yield of 11,034 kg ha−1, which was 21.9% greater compared with the PM–P system and 9.7% greater compared with the NM–P system. The comparison of the three intercropping systems revealed that belowground interspecies interactions contributed 59.3% of the increased yields and 88.9% of the improved WUE. Of the increased yield, about 40% was due to water movement between the two strips and the remaining 19% was due to root overlapping activity. We conclude that sharing resources in the rooting zones between the intercrops serve as a major mechanism responsible for the large yield and WUE advantages for the maize–pea intercropping in arid areas.
Impact of malocclusion on oral health–related quality of life in young adults
Authors: Chen Mu , Feng Zhi-Cai , Liu Xue , Li Zheng-Ming , Cai Bin , Wang Da-Wei 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To assess oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) in young adult patients with malocclusion and to measure the association between orthodontic treatment need and OHRQoL.

Materials and Methods:
The study sample comprised 190 young adults aged 18 to 25 years who were attending orthodontic clinics at the Faculty of Dentistry. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Dental Health Component was used to measure orthodontic treatment need. Each participant was assessed for OHRQoL before and after treatment by using the Oral Health Impact Profile, Chinese version (OHIP-14).

Results:
Patients who had little or no, borderline, and actual need for orthodontic treatment represented 21.6%, 50.5%, and 27.9% of the total sample, respectively. OHRQoL (total OHIP-14 score and score for each domain) improved after treatment (P &lt; .05). Significant differences in summary OHIP-14 scores were apparent with respect to orthodontic treatment need. Participants with high treatment need reported a significantly greater negative impact on the overall OHRQoL score. The greatest impact was seen in the psychological discomfort domain and the psychological disability domain.

Conclusion:
Malocclusion has a significant negative impact on OHRQoL. This is greatest for the psychological discomfort and psychological disability domains. The orthodontic treatment of malocclusion improves OHRQoL of patients.
Robust MPC of an unstable chemical reactor using the nominal system optimization
Authors: Bakošová Monika , Oravec Juraj 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The continuous stirred-tank reactor with uncertain parameters was stabilized in the open-loop unstable steady state using the robust model predictive control. The gain matrices of the robust state-feedback controller were designed using the nominal system optimization and the quadratic parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. The controller was verified by simulations using the non-linear model of the reactor and compared with the robust model predictive controller designed using the worst-case system optimization. The values of the quadratic cost function and the consumption of coolant were observed. Both robust model predictive controllers stabilized the reactor despite constrained control inputs and states. The robust model predictive control based on the nominal system optimization improved control responses and decreased the consumption of coolant.
Methyl- and methoxysalicylatocopper(II) complexes with 2-aminomethylpyridine
Authors: Puchoňová Miroslava , Mazúr Milan , Valigura Dušan 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
As a part of our systematic study of copper(II) complexes in presence of biologically active ligands, we concluded to realize experiments with methyl- or methoxysalicylatocopper(II) complexes in presence of 2-aminomethylpyridine (ampy) ligand. This has resulted in four new complexes of the formula Cu(XSal)2(ampy) (where XSal are 3-MeSal− = 3-methylsalicylate, 4-MeSal− = 4-methylsalicylate, 5-MeSal− = 5-methylsalicylate, or 4-MeOSal− = 4-methoxylsalicylate anions). The synthesis, elemental analysis and spectral properties (EPR, electronic and infrared) are reported. The Cu(II) atom in all four complexes is probably coordinated by two nitrogen atom of the bidentate chelating ampy as well as monodentate and/or highly asymmetrically chelating salicylate anions. Based on the analyses it was concluded that the structure of these new compounds could be similar to [Cu(HCOO)2(ampy)], or [Cu(CH3COO)2(ampy)] that are reported in the literature.
Technological Level of Machines in Production Process of Screws
Authors: Ingaldi Manuela , Lestyánszka Škůrková Katarína 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The article focuses on analysing one of the elements of technological level in a company using the ABC method. The technological modernity of a machine used during the production process of screws was evaluated. In average, this machine was assigned the score 3.4, meaning that most parts of the machine were manufactured using more complex technologies requiring technical skills and knowledge, and many of them also with modern technologies. This means that the machine examined was quite modern
Biometric characteristics of interspecific hybrids in the genus Secale
Authors: Mikołajczyk Sylwia , Broda Zbigniew , Mackiewicz Danuta , Weigt Dorota , Tomkowiak Agnieszka , Bocianowski Jan 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Breeding work using European rye populations has resulted in a considerable reduction of genetic variation in breeding materials of that species. Many taxa from the genus Secale may constitute a potential source of genetic variation in rye breeding. A source of new genetic variation can be found in such species as Secale montanum and Secale vavilovii, which are sources of resistance to fusarium ear blight and septoria leaf blotch, while Secale vavilovii may also be a source of sterilising cytoplasm. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of crossing the wild species Secale vavilovii and the rye subspecies Secale cereale subsp. afghanicum, Secale cereale subsp. ancestrale, Secale cereale subsp. dighoricum, Secale cereale subsp. segetale with the crop species Secale cereale ssp. cereale, and to produce F1 hybrids and describe selected morphological traits. Observations of biometric traits indicate that the F1 crosses produced may be potential sources of variation for common rye. The greatest variation in terms of all analysed phenotypic traits combined was found for the cross combinations S. c. ssp. cereale cv. Amilo × S. c. ssp. ancestrale and S. c. ssp. cereale cv. Dańkowskie Diament × S. c. ssp. dighoricum. The hybrids showed considerable variation in the analysed biometric traits within individual cross combinations.
Genotypic virulence markers of Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 isolated from pigs and wild boars serologically positive and negative for brucellosis
Authors: Weiner Marcin , Kubajka Maria , Szulowski Krzysztof , Iwaniak Wojciech , Krajewska Monika , Lipiec Marek 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The paper concerns molecular study on pathogenicity markers of fourteen Y. enterocolitica O:9 isolated from pigs in which initially positive serological reactions for brucellosis were observed (n = 41), healthy pigs, which were brucellosis-negative (n = 258), and wild boars serologically negative for brucellosis (n = 209). PCR identification proved that all isolates were ail, ystA- and myfA-positive. The plasmid encoding yadA marker was detected in nine isolates that originated from pigs serologically positive or negative for brucellosis, and from one isolate of wild boar origin. Furthermore, none of the examined isolates was ystB-positive. Results of the investigations indicate that the Y. enterocolitica O:9 isolates from pigs or wild boars, regardless of whether they were serologically positive or negative for brucellosis, may also be potentially pathogenic for humans, due to the presence of chromosomal and plasmid encoded molecular markers.
Antimicrobial resistance of ESBLand AmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolated from meat
Authors: Wasiński Bernard , Różańska Hanna , Osek Jacek 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In the present study, 25 Escherichia coli strains isolated from beef, pork, and poultry meat, and producing extendedspectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) (18 strains) or AmpC- cephalosporinases (7 strains) were tested for antimicrobial resistance using the minimum inhibitory concentration method with 16 antimicrobial agents. All examined strains were resistant to ampicillin and the first-generation cephalosporins. Variable resistance to the third-generation cephalosporins (40%-100% among ESBLproducing strains and 0-72% among AmpC-producing strains) was noted. Less than 30% of examined strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin. All isolates were susceptible to the fourth-generation cephalosporins, cephalosporins connected with inhibitors of β-lactamases, carbapenems, and gentamycin
Toxic elements in free-living freshwater fish, water and sediments in Poland
Authors: Szkoda Józef , Żmudzki Jan , Nawrocka Agnieszka , Kmiecik Mirosława 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Samples for analysis were collected from 10 areas, including the major Polish rivers and lakes, with different sources of environmental pollution (industrial, municipal, and farming). The materials was taken from the lakes of Mazury, located in a non-industrialised region, from the Brda River, an area impacted by pig farms, from the lakes of Lipczyno Wielkie/Pomerania, from the Wkra River, an area impacted by poultry farms, from the Dunajec River at the Roznowski Reservoir, from the Vistula River at Cracow and Warsaw, from the Odra River at Wroclaw and the Warta River estuary, and also from Rybnik Power Station Reservoir. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, Hg, and As were analysed in 397 fish muscle and 128 sediment samples using an atomic absorption spectrometry technique. The analytical procedures were covered by a quality assurance programme. It was demonstrated that the average concentrations of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in fish were in the low hundredths and thousandths of a mg/kg and never exceeded permitted limits established for food. Higher values of these elements were found in fish from bodies of water located in the zone of influence of large urban agglomerations, especially the Cracow region. High concentrations of lead and cadmium were also found in Vistula River sediments near Cracow, where the maximum values were 134.10 mg/kg and 21.24 mg/kg dry weight for lead and cadmium respectively. The average concentration of mercury in a predatory fish muscle (0.179 mg/kg) was almost twice as high as in the omnivorous fish (0.103 mg/kg). Only a single fish sample exceeded the maximum limit for this metal (0.50 mg/kg) and did not present a risk to consumers’ health.
Experimental gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in the sheep
Authors: Fartashvand Majid , Mousavi Ghafour , Hajisadeghi Yaghoub 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the nephrotoxic effects of gentamicin in adult male sheep, and to identify the earliest signs of toxicity and the extent of clinical and biochemical changes. Twenty clinically healthy yearling male Iranian fattailed sheep were injected with gentamicin sulfate at a daily dose of 80 mg/kg for 9-10 d when nephrotoxicosis was induced. Blood samples were collected weekly before and after induction of nephrotoxicosis. Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity was characterised by increased creatinine and urea levels in serum, electrolyte imbalances, occurrence of albuminuria, and renal dysfunction. Significant elevation in respiratory and heart rates were observed one week after treatment (P < 0.05). There was a noticeable increase in water consumption, lethargy, and loss of appetite in treated sheep. There were significant correlations between serum creatinine and potassium (P = 0.004, r = 0.759), sodium (P = 0.017, r = 0.501), and urea (P = 0.021, r = 0.617) levels. Additionally, significant negative correlations between serum total protein and albumin and creatinine (P = 0.023, r = -0.484) and urea (P = 0.036, r = -0.381) were found. At necropsy, the kidneys were pale, swollen, and wet on the cut surface, especially perirenal tissues and ureters were oedematous. These findings confirmed the previous reports in other species.
Quality of Life Considering Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - Natural and Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Raczkowska Aneta , Ławiński Michał , Gradowska Aleksandra , Zielińska-Borkowska Urszula 
Published: December 2014

AbstractOne of the elements of treatment considering inflammatory bowel diseases is nutritional therapy. The duration of the above-mentioned depends on the prevalence of such symptoms as fever, bowel move-ments, length of the functioning gastrointestinal tract, stoma and intestinal fistula presence. Nutritional therapy is an essential element of successful treatment alongside pharmacological, surgical, and biological therapy, as well as other methods. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis considered as chronic diseases, lead towards physical and biopsychosocial disability, being responsible for the reduction in the quality of life.was to determine the quality of life after surgical procedures in case of patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, subjected to natural and parenteral nutrition.The study group comprised 52 patients from the Department of Gastroen-terology, Military Medical Institute, and Department of Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Hospital in Warsaw. The study was performed between October, 2011 and April, 2012. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument - Bref (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire was used to deter-mine the patients’ quality of life.A lower quality of life was observed in case of patients subjected to parenteral nutrition, poor education, disease symptoms exacerbation, in the majority-rural inhabitants. The quality of life does not depend on gender, type of disease, family status, and additional medical care.
Results of Laparoscopic Appendectomies Performed with the Use of Titanium Clips for Closure of the Appendicular Stump
Authors: Strzałka Marcin , Matyja Maciej , Rembiasz Kazimierz 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNowadays laparoscopy is used frequently not only in elective surgery but also in abdominal emergencies, including acute appendicitis. There are several techniques used to close the appendicular stump during laparoscopic appendectomy.was to present the results of minimally invasive appendectomies performed with the use of titanium clips.Patients operated on laparoscopically for acute appendicitis with the application of titanium clips between October 2012 and December 2013 were included in the study. We reviewed retrospectively patients` data including: age, sex, duration of the surgical procedure and hospital stay, mortality, intraoperative and postoperative complication rates.There were 93 patients (mean age=33.8 years, SD=15.23) in the analyzed group, including 60 men (mean age=33.5 years, SD= 15.07) and 33 women (mean age=33.9 years SD=15.26). The aver-age duration of the surgical procedure was 66 min (SD= 33.15). The average length of hospital stay was 3.38 days (SD=1.62). No intraoperative complications were observed in the analyzed group. Post-operative complication rate was low (6 cases, 6.5%). No mortality was observed.Laparoscopic appendectomy with the application of titanium clips for closure of the appendicular stump is safe, associated with low complication rates and should be considered as a routine technique in everyday surgical practice.
Neurilemoma of the Median Nerve - Surgical Strategies Based on a Case Report
Authors: Ulatowski Łukasz , Kaniewska Anna 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe study presented a case of a patient with a neurilemoma of the median nerve. It presented as a six centemeters tumor, at the level of the proximal one third of the arm with only mild paraesthesias within frst to third ray of the hand. MRI showed the relationship of the tumor and the median nerve, and allowed for the preliminary diagnose of a benign peripheral neural sheath tumor (neurilemoma or neurofibroma). During the first operation the tumor has not been excised, because nerve reconstruction technique was not available. During the second procedure excision of the tumor has been performed without resection of the median nerve trunk with no postoperative deficiencies. The paper provides a detailed description of a surgical procedure. The presented case, like current publications shows that peripheral neural sheath tumor may be usually excised without resection of the nerve trunk, although the possibility of nerve fascicles injury or the need to excise them in the case of neurofibroma clearly suggest that these type of operations should be carried out in centers with microsurgical facilities.