bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of SNP arrays in detecting, quantifying, and determining meiotic origin of tetrasomy 12p in blood from individuals with Pallister–Killian syndrome
Authors: Conlin Laura K. , Kaur Maninder , Izumi Kosuke , Campbell Lindsey , Wilkens Alisha , Clark Dinah , Deardorff Matthew A. , Zackai Elaine H. , Pallister Phillip , Hakonarson Hakon , Spinner Nancy B. , Krantz Ian D. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIdentification of the isochromosome 12p (i(12p)) associated with Pallister–Killian syndrome is complicated by the low frequency of this supernumerary chromosome in PHA stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes, and frequently requires cytogenetic analysis of fibroblast cells. Recently, it has been shown that array CGH techniques are able to detect tetrasomy 12p in peripheral blood, even when not identified by traditional cytogenetic techniques. We studied 15 patients with a previous cytogenetic and clinical diagnosis of Pallister–Killian syndrome using genome‐wide SNP arrays to investigate the ability of this platform to identify the i(12p) in blood and tissue. Array analysis verified tetrasomy 12p in all samples from fibroblasts, but was only able to detect it in 46% of blood samples. The genotyping information available from the SNP arrays allowed for the detection of as low as 5% mosaicism, as well as suggesting a Meiosis II origin for the isochromosome in the majority of patients. Analysis of the percentage of abnormal cells with patient age at time of study suggests that the frequency of the i(12p) decreased with age in blood, but not in fibroblasts. These highlight the power of SNP arrays in detecting and characterizing the isochromosome 12p in Pallister–Killian syndrome as well as underscoring the important utility of traditional cytogenetic techniques. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Amine‐functionalization of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes for adsorption of carbon dioxide
Authors: Gui Meei Mei , Yap Yan Xin , Chai Siang‐Piao , Mohamed Abdul Rahman 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as one of the potential support materials for adsorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) because of their specific surface morphology and unique chemical characteristics. CNTs are well known with their large surface area, porous structure and excellent chemical and thermal stability. They can be effectively used as support materials in the development of high efficient adsorbents to capture CO2 from the emission sources, which are normally present in relatively high temperature. In this study, adsorbents for capturing CO2 were prepared from the modification of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with 3(aminopropyl)‐triethoxysilane. The modification of MWCNTs was performed in various conditions to study the key factors affecting the quality of the adsorbents, including the presence of solvent, thermal treatment and functionalization duration. The effects of solvent, functionalization duration and thermal treatment were found to be significant in the functionalization process. High quality amine‐functionalized MWCNTs were obtained in the presence of toluene with thermal treatment. A maximum CO2 uptake of 74 mg/g adsorbent was achieved from the adsorbent developed in this study. © 2012 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mobility control requirement in multiphase displacement processes in porous media
Authors: Sheng James J. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTAccording to the conventional mobility control requirement, the displacing phase mobility (e.g. polymer) should be equal to or less than the sum of the mobilities of several displaced phases (e.g. water and oil). When the oil mobility is much lower than the water mobility, the sum of the displaced phase mobilities will be almost the same as the water mobility. Then, according to the requirement, the displacing polymer mobility is almost the same as the water mobility. As a result, the polymer solution will flow preferentially along water channels, leaving oil undisplaced.In this paper, we propose that the displacing phase mobility (polymer) should be equal to or less than the lowest mobility of displaced phases (generally, oil phase mobility) multiplied by its normalized saturation. This mobility requirement is validated by extensive simulation results at different conditions. It is also justified by field practices. Some published experimental data are analyzed to justify the proposed requirement. The proposed mobility requirement provides a criterion for mobility control design in multiphase displacement processes in porous media. © 2012 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integration of clinical and patient-reported outcomes in surgical oncology
Authors: Macefield R C , Avery K N L , Blazeby J M 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Background
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) provide information about the patient perspective and experience of undergoing surgery for cancer, but evidence suggests that they are not used widely to influence practice. This review considers key challenges and opportunities for using PROs effectively in gastrointestinal surgical oncology, drawing on principles learnt from surgical oncology in general.

Methods
Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in surgical oncology reporting PROs as primary or secondary outcomes, and studies examining methods to communicate PRO information, were identified. Common themes are summarized and the future of PRO studies considered.

Results
Reviews highlighted the need for improved design, conduct and reporting of PROs in RCTs in surgical oncology. Main issues related to the multiplicity of PRO measures hindering data synthesis and clinical understanding, problems with missing data risking bias, and limited integration of clinical and PRO data undermining the role of PRO data in practice. Reviews indicated that patients want PRO data to meet information needs and early work shows that graphically displayed PROs are understood by patients.

Conclusion
PROs have a role in the evaluation of surgical oncology, but increased consensus and collaboration between surgeons and methodologists is needed to improve the design, conduct and reporting of PROs with clinical outcomes in trials. Possible solutions include investing more effort and systematic thought into the PRO rationale in RCTs, the development and use of ‘core outcome sets’ with PROs, and implementation of the extension to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines for reporting PROs in RCTs.
Marketing social norms: Social marketing and the ‘social norm approach’
Authors: Burchell Kevin , Rettie Ruth , Patel Kavita 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper is inspired by the observation that the social norm approach (SNA) to socially desirable behaviour change – that is,telling people about what lots of other people do– retains something of a Cinderella role among social marketing practitioners and academics. Thus, the objective of this paper is to bring the social norm approach to the attention of a wider – and specifically, marketing and social marketing – audience, in the hope that the practice, study and critical analysis of the approach can be widened and deepened. We begin this task by tracing the background of the social norm approach to its origins in psychology and social psychology and by discussing a number of typical social norm campaigns. Thereafter, we review four key characteristics of successful social norm campaigns. In our discussion, we return to a more theoretical discussion of how the social norm approach works, and we pose a number of questions that emerge from the paper. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of resocialization on post‐weaning social isolation‐induced abnormal aggression and social deficits in rats
Authors: Tulogdi Áron , Tóth Máté , Barsvári Beáta , Biró László , Mikics Éva , Haller József 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAs previously shown, rats isolated from weaning develop abnormal social and aggressive behavior characterized by biting attacks targeting vulnerable body parts of opponents, reduced attack signaling, and increased defensive behavior despite increased attack counts. Here we studied whether this form of violent aggression could be reversed by resocialization in adulthood. During the first weak of resocialization, isolation‐reared rats showed multiple social deficits including increased defensiveness and decreased huddling during sleep. Deficits were markedly attenuated in the second and third weeks. Despite improved social functioning in groups, isolated rats readily showed abnormal features of aggression in a resident‐intruder test performed after the 3‐week‐long resocialization. Thus, post‐weaning social isolation‐induced deficits in prosocial behavior were eliminated by resocialization during adulthood, but abnormal aggression was resilient to this treatment. Findings are compared to those obtained in humans who suffered early social maltreatment, and who also show social deficits and dysfunctional aggression in adulthood. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 49–57, 2014.
The 125th Anniversary of the Tröger's Base Molecule: Synthesis and Applications of Tröger's Base Analogues
Authors: Rúnarsson Ögmundur Vidar , Artacho Josep , Wärnmark Kenneth 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn 2012 we celebrate the 125th anniversary of the unique molecule Tröger's base (TB), first synthesized by Julius Tröger in 1887. Being a V‐shaped C2‐symmetric chiral molecule, it possesses many interesting features. The TB field was reopened in 1985, when Craig S. Wilcox published the first crystallographic study of TB and described the synthesis and potential applications of TB analogues in supramolecular chemistry and in ligand design. This led to increasing interest in the development of synthetic methodology for TB analogues, initially for applications in the field of molecular recognition. In this review we give a short historical overview of TB and its chemical properties. In addition, we cover the fast progress in the development of synthetic methodologies to synthesize TB analogues that has taken place during recent decades. The functionalization of TB at almost any position in its skeleton is now possible and we discuss in detail recent developments in the functionalization of TB in the aromatic rings and in the methano bridge. The reopening of the functionalization of the diazocine ring itself is also discussed. In addition, progress in the synthesis of heterocyclic TB analogues and recent developments in the field of fused TB analogues are covered. The improvements in synthetic approaches have resulted in TB analogues with interesting properties that have inspired investigation of TB analogues in new fields of applications, among others as receptors, as molecular torsion balances, as ligands in asymmetric catalysis, as drug candidates, and as new materials for photo‐ and optical applications. The most recent developments in those fields are also discussed.
First identification of the odour‐active unsaturated aliphatic acid (E)‐4‐methyl‐3‐hexenoic acid in yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka)
Authors: Miyazato Hironari , Hashimoto Seiji , Hayashi Shuichi 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTWe have investigated the aroma of yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka). Application of the aroma extract dilution analysis technique allowed us to determine a sequence of the odour‐active compounds in yuzu volatile oil. In this study, we confirmed the presence of an unknown odorant that possesses a sweaty odour and a relatively high flavour dilution factor. In order to identify the unknown compound, the concentrated volatile acid fraction of yuzu volatile oil was obtained, using an enrichment procedure consisting of the combination of the sub‐extraction of an acidic component with a basic aqueous solution and subsequent affinity chromatography with an Oasis MAX cartridge. Gas chromatography–olfactometry and multi‐dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the unknown compound was (E)‐4‐methyl‐3‐hexenoic acid [(E)‐4M3H]. (E)‐4M3H was identified for the first time as an odour‐active unsaturated aliphatic acid in yuzu. Additionally, both (Z)‐ and (E)‐4M3H were stereoselectively synthesised over two steps comprised of the iron‐catalysed carbometalations of homopropargylic alcohols with Grignard reagents, followed by oxidation. On the basis of sensory evaluation, the orthonasal odour detection threshold of the (E)‐isomer was 10‐fold to 100‐fold lower than that of the (Z)‐isomer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro evaluation of dentinal hydraulic conductance and tubule sealing by a novel calcium–phosphate desensitizer
Authors: Thanatvarakorn Ornnicha , Nakashima Syozi , Sadr Alireza , Prasansuttiporn Taweesak , Ikeda Masaomi , Tagami Junji 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn the current trend of materials used for dentin hypersensitivity treatment, calcium–phosphate‐containing desensitizers are expected to have advantages in oral environment. A newly formulated desensitizer containing tetracalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (CPD‐100) was evaluated in comparison to oxalate containing desensitizer (SS) regarding permeability reduction (PR%) by measuring hydraulic conductance on the etched dentin discs in vitro. CPD‐100 exhibited mean PR% of 91%, which significantly increased to 98% after immersion in artificial saliva (AS) for 4 weeks (p < 0.001), while SS showed a significant decrease from 99% to 93% (p < 0.01). SEM observation showed newly formed crystallites on CPD‐100 treated dentin, which did not exist in SS treated dentin after AS immersion, suggesting that calcium oxalate inhibited formation of new calcium–phosphate minerals. Five‐minute acid challenge did not significantly affect PR% of dentin treated by any of the desensitizers. The energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis indicated that the formed layer of CPD‐100 were minerals with similar Ca/P ratio to hydroxyapatite. In conclusion, the newly developed calcium–phosphate desensitizer has the potential to exhibit long‐term stability in the oral environment, owing to its chemical properties that promote the crystal growth in salivary fluid. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
Urocortin increased LPS‐induced endothelial permeability by regulating the cadherin–catenin complex via corticotrophin‐releasing hormone receptor 2
Authors: Wan Rong , Guo Rui , Chen Cheng , Jin Lai , Zhu Chao , Zhang Qichun , Xu Youhua , Li Shengnan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractUrocortin (Ucn1), a member of corticotrophin‐releasing hormone (CRH) family, has been reported to be upregulated in inflammatory diseases and function as an autocrine or paracrine inflammatory mediator. Growing evidence shows that Ucn1 increases the endothelial permeability in inflammatory conditions; however, the detailed mechanisms are not clear. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of increased endothelial permeability by Ucn1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pretreatment of HUVECs with Ucn1 increased the endothelial cell permeability, which was augmented by LPS synergistically. Significant downregulation of VE‐cadherin expression was also observed. Moreover, Ucn1 increased phosphorylation of protein kinase D (PKD) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in a time‐ and CRHR2‐dependent manner. Inhibition of PKD and HSP27 drastically attenuated Ucn1‐induced downregulation of VE‐cadherin expression. Further investigations demonstrated that Ucn1 phosphorylated β‐catenin at Ser552 to disrupt the cadherin–catenin complex and hence promote the disassociation of β‐catenin and VE‐cadherin. Disassociation of β‐catenin and VE‐cadherin resulted in decreased VE‐cadherin expression while on the contrary β‐catenin was increased, which may due to the inactivation of GSK‐3β. Increased β‐catenin translocated into the nucleus and subsequently bound to TCF/LEF site, contributing to the elevated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The above effects of Ucn1 were completely reversed by CRHR2 receptor blocker, antisauvagine‐30. Taken together, our data suggest that Ucn1 increase LPS‐induced endothelial permeability by disrupting the VE‐cadherin–β‐catenin complex via activation of CRHR2 and PKD‐HSP27 signaling pathway. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1295–1303, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Omega‐3 PUFA ethanolamides DHEA and EPEA induce autophagy through PPARγ activation in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells
Authors: Rovito Daniela , Giordano Cinzia , Vizza Donatella , Plastina Pierluigi , Barone Ines , Casaburi Ivan , Lanzino Marilena , De Amicis Francesca , Sisci Diego , Mauro Loredana , Aquila Saveria , Catalano Stefania , Bonofiglio Daniela , Andò Sebastiano 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe omega‐3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), elicit anti‐proliferative effects in cancer cell lines and in animal models. Dietary DHA and EPA can be converted to their ethanolamide derivatives, docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine (DHEA), and eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamine (EPEA), respectively; however, few studies are reported on their anti‐cancer activities. Here, we demonstrated that DHEA and EPEA were able to reduce cell viability in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells whereas they did not elicit any effects in MCF‐10A non‐tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Since DHA and EPA are ligands of Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ), we sought to determine whether PPARγ may also mediate DHEA and EPEA actions. In MCF‐7 cells, both compounds enhanced PPARγ expression, stimulated a PPAR response element‐dependent transcription as confirmed by the increased expression of its target gene PTEN, resulting in the inhibition of AKT‐mTOR pathways. Besides, DHEA and EPEA treatment induced phosphorylation of Bcl‐2 promoting its dissociation from beclin‐1 which resulted in autophagy induction. We also observed an increase of beclin‐1 and microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 expression along with an enhanced autophagosomes formation as revealed by mono‐dansyl‐cadaverine staining. Finally, we demonstrated the involvement of PPARγ in DHEA‐ and EPEA‐induced autophagy by using siRNA technology and a selective inhibitor. In summary, our data show that the two omega‐3 ethanolamides exert anti‐proliferative effects by inducing autophagy in breast cancer cells highlighting their potential use as breast cancer preventive and/or therapeutic agents. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1314–1322, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
“I'm Talking About Pain”: Sickle cell disease patients with extremely high hospital use
Authors: Weisberg Daniel , Balf‐Soran Gabriela , Becker William , Brown Shan‐Estelle , Sledge William 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:A small minority of sickle cell disease patients accounts for the majority of inpatient hospital days. Admitted as often as several times a month, over successive years, this cohort of patients has not been studied in depth despite their disproportionate contribution to inpatient hospital costs in sickle cell disease.OBJECTIVE:To characterize the subjective experience of extremely high hospital use in patients with sickle cell disease, and generate hypotheses about the antecedents and consequences of this phenomenon.DESIGN:Qualitative study involving in‐depth, open‐ended interviews using a standardized interview guide.SETTING:A single urban academic medical center.PARTICIPANTS:Eight individuals, of varying age and gender, identified as the sickle cell disease patients who are among the highest hospital use patients over a 3‐year period.RESULTS:A common narrative emerged from the interview transcripts. Participants were exposed to the hospital environment and intravenous (IV) opioids at a young age, and this exposure was associated with extremely high hospital use in adulthood, evident in descriptions of multiple dimensions of their lives: pain and opioid medication use, interpersonal relationships, and personal development.CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest a systematic, self‐reinforcing process of isolation from mainstream society, support structures, and caregivers, based on increasing hospitalization, growing dependency on opioid medications, as well as missed developmental milestones. Further study and interventions should be geared towards breaking this spiraling cycle with long‐term strategies in disease management and social integration. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Evaluation of the bactericidal effect of Nd:YAG, Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG laser radiation, and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in experimentally infected root canals
Authors: Cheng Xiaogang , Guan Sumin , Lu Hong , Zhao Chunmiao , Chen Xingxing , Li Na , Bai Qian , Tian Yu , Yu Qing 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveIn recent years, various laser systems have been introduced into the field of laser‐assisted endodontic therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bactericidal effect of Nd:YAG, Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG laser radiation, and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in experimentally infected root canals compared with standard endodontic treatment of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) irrigation.Materials and MethodsTwo hundred and twenty infected root canals from extracted human teeth (contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 4083 for 4 weeks) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (Nd:YAG, Er:YAG + 5.25% NaClO + 0.9% normal saline + distilled water (Er:YAG/NaClO/NS/DW), Er:YAG + 0.9% normal saline + distilled water (Er:YAG/NS/DW), Er,Cr:YSGG, and aPDT) and two control groups (5.25% NaClO as positive control and 0.9% normal saline (NS) as negative control). The numbers of bacteria on the surface of root canal walls and at different depths inside dentinal tubules before and after treatment were analyzed by means of one‐way analysis of variance (one‐way ANOVA). The morphology of bacterial cells before and after treatment was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).ResultsAfter treatment, the bacterial reductions in the experimental groups and the positive control group were significantly greater than that of the negative control group (P < 0.001). However, only Er:YAG/NaClO/NS/DW group showed no bacterial growth (the bacterial reduction reached up to 100%) on the surface of root canal walls or at 100/200 µm inside the dentinal tubules.ConclusionsAll the laser radiation protocols tested, especially Er:YAG/NaClO/NS/DW, have effective bactericidal effect in experimentally infected root canals. Er:YAG/NaClO/NS/DW seems to be an ideal protocol for root canal disinfection during endodontic therapy. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 824–831, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect and Mechanism of Association of 8‐Hydroxy‐1,3,6‐pyrenetrisulfonic Acid to Chitosan: Physicochemical Properties of the Complex
Authors: Barnadas‐Rodríguez Ramon 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe interaction of 8‐hydroxy‐1,3,6‐pyrenetrisulfonic acid (HPTS) with chitosan (CS) is investigated by studying the changes that HPTS produces on the properties of CS. HPTS specifically binds to the free amino groups of CS modifying its zeta potential, isoelectric point, water solubility, aggregation state, and the viscosity of the solutions. The association of HPTS to CS is a positive cooperative process described by the Hill equation. In a first stage, HPTS causes a screening that parallels the one caused by NaCl. A subsequent increase of the HPTS concentration results in conformational changes of CS favoring the union of the HPTS and a massive CS aggregation. These facts, not observed in the presence of NaCl, cannot be explained merely by an electrostatic screening effect caused by HPTS and a cross‐linking mechanism is suggested.