bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A double plateau and unprecendented circumstellar variable sodium in the transient SN 2011A
Authors: de Jaeger T. , Anderson J. , Pignata G. , Hamuy M. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe present optical photometry and spectrosopy of the transient SN 2011A. Our data spans 140 days after discovery including BVRIu'g'r'i'z' photometry and a sequence of 11 spectra. First classified as a type IIn supernova due to the presence of narrow Hα emission, this object shows exceptional characteristics. Firstly, the light curve shows a double plateau; a property only before observed in the impostor object SN 1997bs. Secondly SN 2011A has a very low luminosity for a type IIn supernova placing it between the type IIn supernovae and impostor classes in terms of luminosity. Thirdly, SN 2011A shows low velocity and high equivalent width sodium doublet absorption which increases with time and is most likely of circumstellar origin. This evolution is also accompanied by a change of line profile. When the absorption becomes stronger, a P-Cygni profile appears.
Spectral analysis of type II supernovae
Authors: Gutiérrez Claudia P. , Anderson Joseph , Hamuy Mario , Folatelli Gastón ,   the CSP team
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe present spectroscopic analysis of 63 type II supernovae. We present preliminary results on correlations between spectroscopic and photometric properties, focusing on light-curve decline rates, absolute magnitudes and Hα lines profiles. We found the ratio of absorption to emission of Hα P-Cygni profile as the dominant measured parameter as it has the highest median correlation with all other parameters.
GRB as luminosity indicator
Authors: Basak Rupal , Rao A. R. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractGamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are found at much higher redshifts (z > 6) than Supernova Ia (z ~ 1), and hence, they can be used to probe very primitive universe. However, radiation mechanism of GRB remains a puzzle, unlike Supernova Ia. Through comprehensive description, both empirical and physical, we shall discuss the most likely way to use the constituent pulses of a GRB to find the radiation mechanism as well as using the pulses as luminosity indicators.
On the hadronic γ-ray emission from Tycho's Supernova Remnant
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Chen Yang , Li Hui , Zhou Xin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTycho is one of nearly a dozen Galactic supernova remnants which are suggested to emit hadronic γ-ray emission. Among them, however, it is the only one in which the hadronic emission is proposed to arise from the interaction with low-density ambient medium. Based on the multi-band observations, we suggest that Tycho is encountering dense cloud at the northeastern boundary. The γ-ray emissions can be explained by hadronic process with self-consistent parameters, such as a modest energy conversion efficiency. In this SNR-cloud association scenario, the distance can be estimated as ~2.5 kpc.
An interpretation of the overionized plasma in supernova remnant W49B
Authors: Zhou Xin , Miceli Marco , Bocchino Fabrizio , Orlando Salvatore , Chen Yang , Ji Li , Yang Ji 
Published: January 2014

AbstractW49B is a mixed-morphology supernova remnant (SNR) with the presence of enhanced abundances and overionization confirmed by X-ray observation. For the overionization, a strong radiative recombination continuum (RRC) has been detected and confirmed by SUZAKU and XMM-Newton. Here, we investigate these intriguing observational results through a multidimensional hydrodynamic model that takes into account, for the first time, the mixing of ejecta with the circumstellar and interstellar medium, thermal conduction, and non-equilibrium ionization. The model can reproduce the morphology and the overionization pattern of W49B. We found that the overionized plasma originates from the rapid cooling of the hot plasma originally heated by the shock reflected from the dense ring-like cloud. In addition, based on the most updated ATOMDB (v2.0.2), we calculated the spectrum of one cell in the overionized region from the simulation results at present. We got the overionized spectrum that is in agreement with the observational results. Thus, our primary result indicates that the model is consistent with the observations both spatially and spectrally.
GMRT Observations of SNR G15.4+0.1/HESS J1818–154
Authors: Castelletti G. , Joshi B. C. , Surnis M. P. , Supán L. , Dubner G. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe report here on the first dedicated simultaneous imaging and pulsar observations towards the supernova remnant (SNR) G15.4+0.1, the possible counterpart of the very high energy (VHE) source HESS J1818–154. The observations were carried out using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 610 and 1400 MHz. Preliminary analysis of data suggests absence of pulsations towards the centroid of HESS J1818–154, with upper limits of 0.6 and 0.3 mJy at 610 and 1400 MHz, respectively. Analysis of data with a larger beam is in progress, which may confirm the presence of a putative pulsar and its wind nebula if it is offset from the centroid of HESS J1818–154.
Multi-band Observation of TeV Supernova Remnants
Authors: Tian W. W. , Leahy D. A. , Su Hongquan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe study several TeV Supernova Remnants (SNRs W51C, CTB 37A, CTB 37B and G353.6-0.7) by radio and X-ray observations. We utilize neutral hydrogen (\HI) 21 cm line data to measure their kinematic distances, and use the CO line survey sensitive to molecular hydrogen clouds to validate these distance measurements and understand their relation to the TeV SNRs. Our study show that the TeV γ-ray emission from W51C should not be associated with the high-velocity HI clouds; CTB 37A and CTB 37B are at different distances and are only by chance nearby each other on the sky; the extended TeV emission from G353.6-0.7 possibly originates from the interaction between the SNR shock and the adjacent CO clouds.
Locating the TeV γ-rays from the shell regions of Cassiopeia A
Authors: Saha Lab , Ergin Tulun , Majumdar Pratik , Bozkurt Mustafa 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe have analyzed Chandra X-ray data from different parts of the shell of young supernova remnant (SNR) in the energy range of 0.7 - 8 keV. We observed that X-ray flux level varies over different shell regions of the source. Implications of X-ray observation will be discussed here. We also analyzed Fermi-LAT data in the energy range 0.5 - 50 GeV for the source. The differential spectrum obtained in this way fits with simple power-law. We also present here multi-wavelength modeling of the source considering archival radio and TeV data along with Chandra and Fermi-LAT data.
IR and sub-mm fluxes of SN1987A revisited: when moderate dust masses suffice
Authors: Sarangi A. , Cherchneff I. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe model the fluxes in the infrared and submillimeter domain using the dust chemical composition and mass derived from the physico-chemical model of a Type II-P supernova ejecta with stellar progenitor of 19 M⊙. Our results highlight that the dust mass predicted to rise over time in our chemical models from 10−2 to 10−1M⊙ satisfactorily reproduce the infrared and sub millimeter fluxes. They confirm that type II-P SNe are efficient but moderate dust makers in galaxies.
Schumpeterian economic development and financial innovations: a conflicting evolution
Authors: ÜLGEN FARUK 
Published: January 2014

Abstract:Although in the Schumpeterian process of entrepreneurial innovations money and financial markets are assumed to affect economic development, Schumpeter does not explicitly study financial evolution and its effects on real dynamics. In order to fill this gap, this article suggests a Minsky-inspired interpretation of Schumpeterian institutional dynamics in monetary terms. It then develops a specific Schumpeterian analysis of the evolution of financial institutions and regulatory mechanisms in the wake of the 2007–08 crisis and points to major consequences of financial innovations on economic stability. It appears that unlike the creative destruction process of entrepreneurial innovations, in a liberalised/deregulated environment financial innovations move banks from their crucial role of financing long-term economic evolution and lead to reckless finance. Thus, financial market dynamics put economies on a destructive path. Such an evolution calls for active and tight rational regulation in order to shape capitalist finance towards more stable and welfare-enhancing strategies.
Ultra-compact capacitively loaded evanescent half-mode SIW filters for LTE applications
Authors: Stander Tinus , Sinha Saurabh 
Published: January 2014

This paper presents a novel miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide filter by combining both half-mode resonators and capacitive loading on a conventional two-layer printed circuit board (PCB) process. The resulting synthesis is successfully demonstrated in an long-term evolution application by means of a third-order filter of <225 mm2in size while featuring 2.3 dB insertion loss over a 5.5% fractional bandwidth at 3.7 GHz. Good first-iteration agreement between simulated and measured results, both in center frequency and bandwidth, are achieved.
Identifying Tinnitus‐Related Genes Based on a Side‐Effect Network Analysis
Authors: Elgoyhen AB , Langguth B , Nowak W , Schecklmann M , De Ridder D , Vanneste S 
Published: January 2014

Tinnitus, phantom sound perception, is a worldwide highly prevalent disorder for which no clear underlying pathology has been established and for which no approved drug is on the market. Thus, there is an urgent need for new approaches to understand this condition. We used a network pharmacology side‐effect analysis to search for genes that are involved in tinnitus generation. We analyzed a network of 1,313 drug–target pairs, based on 275 compounds that elicit tinnitus as side effect and their targets reported in databases, and used a quantitative score to identify emergent significant targets that were more common than expected at random. Cyclooxigenase 1 and 2 were significant, which validates our approach, since salicylate is a known tinnitus generator. More importantly, we predict previously unknown tinnitus‐related targets. The present results have important implications toward understanding tinnitus pathophysiology and might pave the way toward the design of novel pharmacotherapies.CPT Pharmacometrics Syst. Pharmacol. (2014) 3, e97; doi:10.1038/psp.2013.75; published online 29 January 2014
Contribution of NKX2-3 Polymorphisms to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of 35358 subjects
Authors: Lu XiaoCheng , Tang Linjun , Li Kai , Zheng JinYu , Zhao Penglai , Tao Yi , Li Li-Xin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPolymorphisms in NKX2-3 gene have been inconsistently associated with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). To generate large-scale evidence on whether NKX2-3 polymorphisms are associated with CD or UC susceptibility we have conducted a meta-analysis of 17 studies involving 17329 patients and 18029 controls. A significantly increased CD or UC risk was observed in persons carrying a G allele at rs10883365 polymorphism (A/G) compared with those with a A allele. (OR = 1.226, 95%CI: 1.177–1.277 and OR = 1.274, 95%CI: 1.175–1.382 respectively). In the subgroup analysis, a significantly increased CD risk was found in both Europeans and Asians. For rs11190140 polymorphism (C/T) and CD risk, the risk estimate for the allele contrast was OR = 1.201 (1.136–1.269). This meta-analysis provided a robust result that persons with a G or T allele may have a moderately increased risk of CD and suggested that rs10883365 polymorphism was also a candidate gene polymorphism for UC susceptibility.
Rethinking Food Anticipatory Activity in the Activity-Based Anorexia Rat Model
Authors: Wu Hemmings , van Kuyck Kris , Tambuyzer Tim , Luyten Laura , Aerts Jean-Marie , Nuttin Bart 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWhen a rat is on a limited fixed-time food schedule with full access to a running wheel (activity-based anorexia model, ABA), its activity level will increase hours prior to the feeding period. This activity, called food-anticipatory activity (FAA), is a hypothesized parallel to the hyperactivity symptom in human anorexia nervosa. To investigate in depth the characteristics of FAA, we retrospectively analyzed the level of FAA and activities during other periods in ABA rats. To our surprise, rats with the most body weight loss have the lowest level of FAA, which contradicts the previously established link between FAA and the severity of ABA symptoms. On the contrary, our study shows that postprandial activities are more directly related to weight loss. We conclude that FAA alone may not be sufficient to reflect model severity and activities during other periods may be of potential value in studies using ABA model.
Programmable fractional‐ratio frequency multiplying clock generator
Authors: Han Sangwoo , Kim Jintae , Kim Jongsun 
Published: January 2014

A new programmable delay‐locked loop (DLL) based fractional frequency multiplying clock generator is presented. In contrast to conventional DLL‐based clock generators that generate only integer clock multiplication, the proposed clock generator provides fractional‐ratio frequency multiplication while maintaining the advantages of DLLs, such as the deskewing between the input and the output clocks. Implemented in a 0.13 µm 1.2 V CMOS process, the proposed clock generator achieves an effective peak‐to‐peak jitter of 7.5 ps and occupies an active area of 0.018 mm2 while dissipating 9.0 mW at 1.5 GHz. The output frequency ranges from 0.85 to 1.5 GHz with programmable fractional multiplication ratios of N/M, where N = 4, 5, 8, 10 and M = 1, 2, 3.
Fully canonical dual‐band bandpass filter with λ/4 stepped impedance resonators
Authors: Zhang Songbai , Zhu Lei 
Published: January 2014

A fourth‐order fully canonical dual‐band bandpass filter (DB‐BPF) using λ/4 stepped impedance resonators (SIRs) is presented. In the mainline path, four dual‐band λ/4 SIRs are serially coupled by alternative J and K inverters, and cross‐couplings, K14 and JSL, are analytically introduced to achieve two pairs of finite transmission zeros at both sides of each passband. To experimentally demonstrate this attractive fully canonical dual‐passband filtering performance, a fourth‐order microstrip DB‐BPF centring at 1.8 and 5.8 GHz with two pairs of finite transmission zeros for each passband is synthesised and fabricated.
Ultra‐wideband DRA integrated with narrow‐band slot antenna
Authors: Messaoudene I. , Denidni T.A. , Benghalia A. 
Published: January 2014

A new ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna integrated with a narrow‐band (NB) antenna has been designed and fabricated. The UWB antenna consists of a U‐shaped dielectric resonator fed by a microstrip line. In addition, the proposed structure integrates an NB slot with the same polarisation. The electromagnetic analysis is carried out by using two commercial software tools. To validate the proposed concept, experimental measurements have also been performed. The measured results show that the dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) provides a wide bandwidth from 2.94 to 11.34 GHz (covering the UWB spectrum, 3.1–10.6 GHz) while the slot antenna provides a 2:1 voltage standing wave ratio bandwidth for 5.71–6.13 GHz. Moreover, the proposed design allows an efficient integration with very good isolation between the two ports (transmission coefficient S21 <−20 dB in the whole operating frequency band).
Green's function for a spherical dielectric discontinuity and its application to simulation
Authors: Linse Per , Lue Leo 
Published: January 2014

We present rapidly convergent expressions for the Green's function of the Poisson equation for spherically symmetric systems where the dielectric constant varies discontinuously in the radial direction. These expressions are used in Monte Carlo simulations of various electrolyte systems, and their efficiency is assessed. With only the leading term of the expansion included, a precision of the polarization energy of 0.01 kJ mol−1 or better was achieved, which is smaller than the statistical uncertainty of a typical simulation. The inclusion of the dielectric inhomogeneity leads to a 2.5-fold increase of the computational effort, which is modest for this type of model. The simulations are performed on six types of systems having either (i) a uniform surface charge distribution, (ii) a uniform volume charge distribution, or (iii) mobile ions, which were neutralized by mobile counterions. The ion density distributions are investigated for different dielectric conditions. These spatial distributions are discussed in terms of the importance of (i) the direct mean-field Coulomb interaction, (ii) the surface charge polarization at the dielectric discontinuity, and/or (iii) the change in the attractive Coulomb correlations.
Assessing mucociliary transport of single particles in vivo shows variable speed and preference for the ventral trachea in newborn pigs
Authors: Hoegger Mark J. , Awadalla Maged , Namati Eman , Itani Omar A. , Fischer Anthony J. , Tucker Alexander J. , Adam Ryan J. , McLennan Geoffrey , Hoffman Eric A. , Stoltz David A. , Welsh Michael J. 
Published: January 2014

SignificanceMucociliary transport (MCT) defends lungs by removing particulates, and defective MCT is hypothesized to contribute to the onset of lung diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and cystic fibrosis. However, testing those hypotheses has been limited by current MCT assays and mouse models of human disease. We developed an in vivo MCT assay in newborn pigs, which share physiological and anatomical features with humans. The X-ray–computed tomographic-based method provided high spatial and temporal resolution. We discovered that particles preferentially travel up the ventral airway surface. We also discovered substantial heterogeneity in rates of individual particle movement, indicating that MCT does not likely involve homogeneous mucus blankets. The granularity of the data may aid understanding of MCT and disease pathogenesis.
Continued Emergence of USA300 Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin the United States: Results from a Nationwide Surveillance Study
Authors: Diekema Daniel J. , Richter Sandra S. , Heilmann Kristopher P. , Dohrn Cassie L. , Riahi Fathollah , Tendolkar Shailesh , McDanel Jennifer S. , Doern Gary V. 
Published: January 2014

Background.The epidemiology of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is changing, with USA300 emerging first in community and then in healthcare settings. We performed nationwide surveillance to assess recent trends in the molecular epidemiology of MRSA.Methods.One hundred consecutive unique clinically significantS. aureusisolates were recovered from patients at each of 43 US centers between July 1, 2011, and December 31, 2011. Susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin detection were performed on all MRSA isolates.Results.Of 4,131 isolates collected, 2,093 (51%) were MRSA. Specimen sources of MRSA isolates included wound or abscess (54%), blood (24%), lower respiratory tract (11%), and other sterile site (10%). Thirty percent were isolated more than 48 hours after hospital admission (ie, were associated with nosocomial acquisition of infection). USA300 was the most common PFGE type (1,269 isolates; 61%), overall and in all regions, followed by USA100 (368 isolates; 18%). Among 173spatypes found, the most common were t008 (51%) and t002 (18%); no otherspatype accounted for more than 2% of isolates. One strain type (USA300/t008/IV) constituted almost half of all MRSA isolates (1,005 isolates; 48%) and was the most common at all body sites, causing 37% of MRSA bloodstream infections (BSIs) and 38% of nosocomial MRSA infections. Multidrug-resistant phenotypes were found among 34 USA300 isolates (3%) from 18 states.Conclusions.The USA300 PFGE type continues to advance nationwide. A single strain type (USA300/t008/IV) predominates in all regions and infection sites and is now more common than USA 100 as a cause of MRSA BSI and nosocomial infections. Although most USA300 retain typical susceptibility profiles, multidrug-resistant phenotypes are emerging.
First Report of QOI-insensitive Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) on Sugar Beet in the United States
Authors: Bolton M. D. , Neher O. T. 
Published: January 2014

The $2.1 billion United States sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) industry is the primary provider of domestic sucrose. Sugar beet powdery mildew is caused by Erysiphe polygoni DC and occurs principally in sugar beet growing regions in the western United States. In these regions, the quinone outside inhibitor (QOI) fungicides pyraclostrobin (Headline, BASF, NC) and trifloxystrobin (Gem, Bayer Crop Science, NC) have been important tools to manage powdery mildew since registration in 2002 and 2005, respectively. However, researchers in Idaho reported poor disease management despite QOI application starting in 2011. In 2013, a research plot near Parma, ID, containing natural powdery mildew infection received treatments of pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, or was untreated (control). Since there was no significant reduction in disease levels between QOI-treated blocks and untreated control blocks, experiments were conducted to clone a partial fragment of the E. polygoni cytochrome b (cytb) gene to gain insight into the molecular basis of QOI resistance in this pathosystem. The primers MDB-920 (5′-CACATCGGAAGAGGTTTATA-3′) and MDB-922 (5′-GGTATAGATCTTAATATAGCATAG-3′) were designed based on consensus sequences of several fungal cytb genes obtained from GenBank (data not presented) and used to amplify a 575-bp fragment of the E. polygoni cytb gene using DNA isolated from 12 infected leaf samples collected in September 2013 from the Parma research plot. Each sample consisted of three leaves harvested from three plants (one leaf per plant) in an experimental block. All DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing procedures were as described previously (1). PCR products derived from six QOI-treated samples and six untreated samples were sequenced directly. Without exception, all QOI-treated samples harbored a point mutation at nucleotide position 143 that encoded a G143A mutation compared with cytb sequence from untreated samples. The two identified cytb haplotypes have been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers KF925325 and KF925326. This is the first report of QOI resistance and the associated cytb G143A mutation in E. polygoni. The G143A mutation has been reported in most QOI-resistant pathogens to date (2). When the G143A mutation dominates in a pathogen population, there is a consistent association with a loss of disease management despite QOI application (3). Careful monitoring and judicious use of QOI fungicides will be necessary to ensure QOI fungicides remain efficacious for sugar beet powdery mildew management in the United States. References: (1) M. D. Bolton et al. Pest Manag. Sci. 69:35, 2013. (2) N. Fisher and B. Meunier. FEMS Yeast Res. 8:183, 2008. (3) U. Gisi et al. Pest Manag. Sci. 58:859, 2002.