bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Oxidative Processes Induced in Cell Suspensions of Solanum Species by Culture Filtrate of Phytophthora infestans
Authors: Polkowska-Kowalczyk Lidia , Maciejewska Urszula 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Solanum genotypes that differ in the level of polygenic resistance to the oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora infestans were studied for their oxidative response to culture filtrate (CF) of the pathogen. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation have been studied in the CF-treated cell suspensions derived from leaves of the resistant S. nigrum (nonhost) and 5. tuberosum cv. Bzura as well as from the susceptible S. tuberosum cv. Tarpan and clone H-8105. In both the resistant and susceptible cells the CF induced similar processes, but these varied with respect to the kinetics and intensity. In all cells probably the membrane-bound NADPH oxidase, was responsible for the ROS production. This process was more intensive and prolonged in the susceptible cells than in the resistant ones. The CF treatment slightly affected peroxidase activity in all cells studied. Lipid peroxidation that occurred as a consequence of the ROS accumulation was pronounced mainly in the susceptible cells. We suggest that lack of stringent control of the oxidative processes and sensitivity to the pathogen toxins may be decisive for limited polygenic resistance in potato.
Volatiles from Apple (Malus domestica) Eliciting Antennal Responses in Female Codling Moth Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): Effect of Plant Injury and Sampling Technique
Authors: Bäckman Anna-Carin , Bengtsson Marie , Borg-Karlsson Anna-Karin , Liblikas Ilme , Witzgall Peter 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The antennal responses of codling moth females, Cydia pomonella, to volatiles from apple branches with green fruits were recorded by electroantennography coupled to gas chroma­ tography. The antennae strongly responded to 4,8-dimethyl-1,3(E),7-nonatriene, linalool, β-caryophyllene, (E)-β-farnesene, germacrene D, (Z,E)-α-farnesene, (E,E)-α -farnesene and methyl salicylate. These compounds were all present in volatile collections on Porapak Q from both living and cut branches. Analysis by the solid phase microextraction technique (SPME) showed that the emission of some electrophysiologically active compounds increased after branches had been cut, especially 4,8-dim ethyl-1,3(E),7-nonatriene, linalool and (E,E)-α-farnesene. The identification of apple volatiles eliciting antennal responses is the first step towards the identification of compounds mediating host-finding and oviposition in codling moth females.
Propolis from Chilean Matorral Hives
Authors: Muñoz Orlando , Peña Raúl C. , Ureta Enrique , Montenegro Gloria , Timmermann Barbara N. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Viscidone (0.5%), vanillin, 3',4'-(methylendioxy)acetophenone, 3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenz-aldehyde, cinnamic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymethyl ester were isolated from propolis of hives from Cuncumen. This is the first report on propolis composition of an arid and a Mediterranean type climate area.
Effect of Prostaglandin A1 Arsenite and Aspirin on Stress Proteins Response in Mosquito Cells
Authors: de Meneses Marcelo D. F. , Rebello Moacyr A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The stress response of eukaryotic cells is characterized by changes in the metabolism of responding cells, most notably by increased synthesis of a group of proteins known as heat shock (HSP) proteins. In this paper the effect of prostaglandin A1 (PGA1), arsenite and aspirin in Aedes albopictus cells was investigated. In cells treated with PGA1 (10 μg/ml) we observed the induction of several polypeptides with molecular masses of 87, 80, 70, 57, 29 and 23 kDa. Immunoblot analysis revealed that arsenite induces a marked synthesis of HSP70, and aspirin administered during the hyperthermic treatment caused a small increase of HSP70 synthesized.
The Pyoverdins of Pseudomonas sp. 96-312 and 96-318
Authors: Schlegel Karin , Fuchs Regine , Schäfer Mathias , Taraz Kambiz , Budzikiewicz Herbert , Geoffroy Valerie , Meyer Jean-Marie 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The structures of the pyoverdins isolated from the Pseudomonas spp. 96-312 and 96-318 were elucidated by spectroscopic and degradation techniques. As observed before for Pseudomonas spp. producing pyoverdins with a C-terminal cyclopeptidic substructure, the two strains can recognize to some extent structurally different pyoverdins as long as they have also a similar cyclopeptidic C-terminus.
Iridoid and Phenylethanoid Glycosides from Phlomis tuberosa L.
Authors: Ersöz Tayfun , Ivancheva Stefanka , Akbay Pinar , Sticher Otto , Çalış İhsan 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A new iridoid glucoside, 8-O-acetylshanzhiside (1), was isolated from the aerial parts of Phlomis tuberosa, together with two known iridoid glucosides, shanzhiside methyl ester and lamalbide. The known phenylethanoid glycosides acteoside and forsythoside B were also obtained and characterized. The structure of 1 was determined by means of 1D - and 2DNMR spectroscopic evidence.
Sesquiterpenoids in Root Exudates of Solanum aethiopicum
Authors: Nagaoka Toshinori , Goto Keiko , Watanabe Ayako , Sakata Yoshiteru , Yoshihara Teruhiko 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Five known sesquiterpenoids, solavetivone, lubimin, lubiminoic acid, aethione and lubiminol were isolated from the root exudates recovered from Solanum aethiopicum by a newly proposed method using charcoal. Quantitative analysis of the sesquiterpenoids in the root exudates of S. aethiopicum and S. melongena suggested that relatively large amounts of the sesquiterpenoids were exuded from the roots. Antifungal activity of the sesquiterpenoids against Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae was also examined.
5,5′,6,6′-Tetrahydroxy-3,3′-biindolyl from Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) Peel Extract
Authors: Kujala Tytti , Klika Karel , Ovcharenko Vladimir , Loponen Jyrki , Vienola Maarit , Pihlaja Kalevi 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A compound of unusual structure was isolated from red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) peel extract and identified as 5,5′ ,6,6′-tetrahydroxy-3,3′-biindolyl based on the combination of NMR and MS studies.
Phenolic Extracts from Meadowsweet and Hawthorn Flowers Have Antioxidative Properties
Authors: Sroka Zbigniew , Cisowski Wojciech , Seredyńska Magdalena , Łuczkiewicz Maria 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
From the flowers of meadowsweet and inflorescence of hawthorn the whole set of phenolic acids and flavonoids was analysed by TLC . Phenolic compounds were determined both as free ones and those liberated by hydrolysis. Moreover, ethyl ether and ethyl acetate extracts obtained from the analysed plants before and after alkaline and enzymatic hydrolyses were evaporated under reduced pressure and residues were analysed for their antioxidative properties. The weakest antioxidative activity was observed with the remaining residue after evaporation of ethyl ether extract obtained from enzymatically (β-glucosidase) hydrolysed hawthorn inflorescence water extract. The strongest antioxidative activity was noticed with the remaining residues after evaporation of ethyl ether extracts obtained from non-hydrolysed and hydrolysed in alkaline conditions of meadowsweet flower water extracts.
The residues from meadowsweet flowers exhibited stronger antioxidative properties than residues obtained from hawthorn inflorescence and can be recommended as margarine preservatives.
Biochemical Parameters as Biomarkers for the Early Recognition of Environmental Pollution on Scots Pine Trees. II. The Antioxidative Metabolites Ascorbic Acid, Glutathione, α-Tocopherol and the Enzymes Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Reductase
Authors: Schulz Horst , Härtling Sigrid 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Field investigations with Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) were performed in eastern Germany, where ambient SO2, NOx and O3 concentrations differed significantly in 1992-99 at three sites, namely Neuglobsow (yearly mean SO2 in 1992: 9 μg m-3), Taura (yearly mean SO2 in 1992: 54 μg m-3 and Rösa (yearly mean SO2 in 1992: 73 μg m-3). To investigate the effects of SO2, NOx and O3 on antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid, glutathione, glutathione reductase, α-tocopherol) and pigments including chlorophyll fluorescence as well as visible damage symptoms in the form of needle yellowing and tip necroses, needles of the 1st and 2nd age class from young and mature trees were collected at the sites every October. Eight years after the start of the field study in 1992, the ambient SO2 concentrations had decreased significantly at Neuglobsow (yearly mean SO2 in 1999: 4 μg m-3), Taura (yearly mean SO2 in 1999: 5 μg m-3) and Rösa (yearly mean SO2 in 1999: 5 μg m-3). NOx and O3 differed less at the three sites and showed no temporal variations. Whole needle glutathione continuously decreased, although concentrations were higher in needles of the 1 st and 2nd age class from the polluted sites Taura and Rösa than the unpolluted site Neuglobsow. The activities of glutathione reductase exhibited the same site-related differences and temporal variations and were correlated with concentrations of oxidized glutathione (GSSG). In contrast, the activities of the enzyme superoxide dismutase and the concentrations of whole needle ascorbic acid remained unchanged over the period. Only at the end of the investigation period did the concentrations of oxidized ascorbic acid (dehydroascorbate) increase in six-month-old needles at the polluted sites Taura and Rösa. Despite the clear decreases in SO2, the visible symptoms of needle tip necroses remained unchanged, especially at the polluted sites Taura and Rösa, although the needles contained higher pigment concentrations than needles from the unpolluted sites. The results of measurements with antioxidants as biomarkers for SO2-mediated stress in pine needles show that the adult Scots pine trees at the polluted sites suffered from greater oxidative stress than the needles from the less polluted site.
Effect of α-, β-and γ-Cyclodextrins on Oxygen Evolution by the Thylakoid Membrane. Influence of pH and Temperature
Authors: Sridharan Govindachary , Gaudreau Simon , Dalstein Laetitia , Huiban Christelle , Lejeune Agnès , Fragata Mário 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The present work investigates the effect of α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrins (CD), i.e., α-CD, β- CD and γ-CD, on the oxygen evolution activity, the protein content and the uv-vis spectroscopic characteristics of thylakoid membranes. To study the pH-dependence, the thylakoids were incubated with the cyclodextrins at 273 K for a period of 10 min in the pH range from 5.5 to 9.0. To study the temperature-dependence the membranes were incubated at 273 and 293 K at pH 6.5, that is, the pH which induces a maximal oxygen evolution in the thylakoid preparations. The major observations are: (i) a stimulation of oxygen evolution in thylakoids incubated with α- and β-CD either in acidic or alkaline conditions, (ii) a low inhibitory effect induced by γ-CD on oxygen evolution, (iii) a significant decrease of the stimulatory effect of α- and β-CD on oxygen evolution as the incubation temperature is raised from 273 to 293 K, (iv) the apparent inability of the cyclodextrins to change the protein contents of the thylakoids, and (v) a significant CD-induced red-shift from 681 to 683 nm observed in the absorption and second derivative spectra of the thylakoid membranes treated with β-CD. First, it was found that the temperature effect described here is in accord with the general trend of the chemical effect of various cyclodextrins, i.e., the increase of the CD efficiency with decreasing temperature. Secondly, the CD effect is related to the size of the inner cavity diameter of the cyclodextrin molecules. An important conclusion in this work is that the molecular targets of the cyclodextrins are not limited to the thylakoid lipids as was described previously [Rawyler A. and Siegenthaler P.A. (1996) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1278, 89-97], but are located as well in other molecular species exposed at the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane. In particular, the CD-induced red-shift from 681 to 683 nm in the absorption and second derivative spectra of the thylakoid membranes indicates that the cyclodextrins targets might be either the exposed heme macrocycle in cytochrome b559, or the chlorophylls and pheophytins in the pigment-proteins of the photosystems I and II.
Copper Uptake by Penicillium brevicompactum
Authors: Tsekova Kohshka , Dentcheva Vera , Ianis Maria 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Penicillium brevicompactum, Copper Uptake, Kinetics The copper binding properties of Penicillium brevicompactum biomass were influenced by growth phase of mycelium and concentration of copper in reaction mixtures. The efficiency of copper uptake increased with growth time and was largest at the mid-logarithmic growth phase. The time course of copper uptake was biphasic. Double reciprocal plots of absorption velocity of copper vs. copper concentration gave straight lines at concentration between 0.5 to 4 mᴍ . The apparent affinity of copper to the biomass of the stationary growth phase was the same as that of logarithmic growth phase and Km values were about 1.4 mᴍ . Pretreatment of the mycelium with glucose increased the amount of metal uptake about five times in comparison with the controls.
A Comparison of Three Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kits
Authors: Loke Paxton , Sim Tiow-Suan 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this comparative study, three different mutagenesis kits, namely the MutaGene phagemid in vitro mutagenesis kit (Bio-Rad), the Transformerä Site-Directed mutagenesis kit (Clontech) and the Quik-change site-directed mutagenesis kit (Stratagene) were used for the mutagenesis of IPNS genes. However, a large difference in mutation efficiencies among these kits was encountered. Furthermore, these kits employ different strategies with its own individual strengths and weaknesses. Thus, a comparison among these three kits to evaluate their usefulness and improvements on the strategy adopted by the Quik-change site-directed mutagenesis kit, which was the kit of choice for our work, are presented for the benefit of research work.
Identification of Genes Induced by Taxol Application Using a Combination of Differential Display RT-PCR and DNA Microarray Analysis
Authors: Fukusaki Ei-ichiro , Oishi Takashi , Tanaka Hozumi , Kajiyama Shin-ichiro , Kobayashi Akio 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The differential display reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (DD-RT-PCR) was used to hunt for cDNA fragments specifically expressed by taxol treatment of HeLa cells. Forty-eight cDNA clones were differentially displayed through the experiments. The cDNA fragments obtained were separately spotted onto glass slides to prepare a tailor-made DNA chip. The gene expression pattern of differentially displayed cDNA fragments were checked by DNA microarray analysis.
Viviparus ater Hemocyanin: Investigation of the Dioxygen-Binding Site and Stability of the Oxy- and Apo-Forms
Authors: Georgieva Dessislava Nikolova , Stoeva Stanka , Voelter Wolfgang , Genov Nicolay 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The active site of Viviparus ater (mollusc) hemocyanin was investigated using the fact that the binding of dioxygen to the binuclear copper-containing sites of hemocyanins is connected with the appearance of specific dichroic bands which are very sensitive to changes in the structrure and polarity of the environment. Oxy-Viviparus ater hemocyanin exhibits near UV and visible circular dichroism spectra different from those of other molluscan and arthropo-dan hemocyanins. These differences are due probably to variations in the geometry or charge distribution in the dioxygen binding sites of the compared proteins.
The thermostability of Viviparus ater hemocyanin and the significance of the copper-dioxy-gen system for the stability were also investigated. “Melting” temperatures, Tm, of 77 °C for the oxy-hemocyanin and 57 °C for the apo-protein were calculated from the denaturation curves which demonstrates the considerable role of the binuclear active site for the thermostability. Viviparus ater hemocyanin is more thermostable than other hemocyanins for which data are published.
Structural Alteration of Erythrocyte Membrane during Storage: a Combined Electrical Conductometric and Flow-Cytometric Study
Authors: Bordi Federico , Cametti Cesare , De Luca Francesco , Gili Tommaso , Misasi Roberta , Sorice Maurizio , Circella Annapia , Garofalo Tina 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Alterations in the electrical passive parameters of red blood cell membranes occurring during storage have been investigated by means of two different experimental approaches, i.e., radiowave dielectric spectroscopy measurements and flow-cytometric measurements. We observed a correlation between the appearance of phosphatidylserine molecules in the outer leaflet of the cell membrane and the occurrence of a change in the electrical passive membrane parameters. The electrical re-organization of the membrane, resulting in an increase of its conductivity and permittivity after 5 -7 days from blood storage, can be considered as a precursory event for the loss of asymmetry in the lipid distribution across red blood cell membrane.
Iridoids from Stachys grandidentata
Authors: Muñoz Orlando , Peña Raúl C. , Montenegro Gloria 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Monomelittoside, melittoside, 8-acetyl-harpagide, har­pagide, ajugol, 5-desoxy-harpagide, 5-desoxy-8-acetyl-harpagide and catalpol were isolated from the aerial parts of S. grandidentata.
A Highly Substituted Germacranolide from Leontodon cichoraceus
Authors: Zidorn Christian , Ellmerer-Müller Ernst P. , Dobner Michael J. , Stuppner Hermann 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A re-investigation of subaerial parts of Leontodon cichoraceus (Ten.) Sanguin. yielded the new germacrane- type sesquiterpenoid 15-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8- [p-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)phenylacetyl]-salonitenolide. The structure was established by APCI mass spectrometry and 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. A survey by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS gave no signs of this compound in 23 other taxa of Leontodon.
High-Gradient Magnetic Capture of Ferrofluids: Implications for Drug Targeting and Tumor Embolization
Authors: Babincová Melánia , Babinec Peter , Bergemann Christian 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
One of the perspective methods of cancer chemotherapy is magnetic targeting of drugs to tumors. This task is usually accomplished using small permanent magnets attached near the desired sites. In this study a new much more effective approach is proposed which is based on a strong magnetic gradient using a ferromagnetic wire placed in a strong magnetic field. Feasibility of this approach has been evaluated by the formation of ferrofluid seals and measurement of maximum pressure the formed seal can resists. Using this method it is possible to capture even superparamagnetic particles with nanos­ize dimensions, therefore the method may have an interesting applications in biomedical sciences.
Reduced Mg2+- ATPase Activity in the Hypoglycemic Adult Rat Brain
Authors: Tsakiris Stylianos , Koromilas Christos , Schulpis Kleopatra H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The effects of different a-D-Glucose (Glu) concentrations (0 -16 mᴍ) on Na+, K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities were investigated in homogenates of adult male rat whole brain at 37 °C. The enzyme activities were determined after 1h preincubation with Glu. Brain Na+, K+-ATPase was not affected by Glu different concentrations. On the contrary, Mg2+-ATPase activity was considerably reduced with Glu concentrations lower than 4 mᴍ. The enzyme was inhibited 40%, 50% or 80% with 3, 2 or 1 mᴍ of Glu, respectively. The above results suggest: a) The various concentrations of Glu have no effect on brain Na+, K+-ATPase activity, b) The inhibited brain Mg2+-ATPase in hypoglycemia produces low intracellular Mg2+, which could modulate the activity of Mg2+ -dependent enzymes and the rates of protein syn­thesis and growth of the cell.
Chemical Constituents from the Infusion of Zollernia ilicifolia Vog. and Comparison with Maytenus Species
Authors: Gomes Coelho Roberta , Di Stasi Luiz Claudio , Vilegas Wagner 
Published: February 2015

The new flavonoid glycoside kaempferol-3-O-α→ʟ-rhamnopyranosyl(1→
2)-O-[α-ʟ-rhamnopyranosyl( 1→6)]-O-β-ᴅ-galactopyranoside-7-O-α-ʟ-rhamnopyranoside was isolated together with (S)-zierin from the leaves of Zollernia ilicifolia (Fabaceae), a medicinal plant used as analgesic and antiulcerogenic effects in Brazilian Tropical Atlantic Rain Forest. The structures were established on the basis of 1H, 13C NMR and 2D NMR (COSY, HMBC, HMQC), UV, MS and IV spectra. The infusion of Zollernia ilicifolia was qualitatively compared to the infusion of the espinheiras-santas (Maytenus aquifolium and Maytenus ilicifolia) by HPLCDAD
First Evidence for the Presence of Weddellite Crystallites in Opuntia ficus indica Parenchyma
Authors: Malainine Mohamed E. , Dufresne Alain , Dupeyre Danielle , Vignon Michel R. , Mahrouz Mostafa 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Calcium oxalate crystallites occur very often in the plants tissues and their role is still poorly known. We report here the experimental protocol leading to the isolation of two forms of calcium oxalate crystallites differing in their hydration level in the parenchymal tissues of Opuntia ficus indica (Miller). Whereas the whewellite crystallites are habitual in all Opuntia species, the weddellite form has never been isolated from these species before, which is probably due to their small size (about 1 μm). We have identified these forms using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
Silphiperfolane Sesquiterpene Acids from Artemisia chamaemelifolia Vill.
Authors: Trendafilova-Savkova Antoaneta B. , Todorova Milka N. , Gussev Chavdar V. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The aerial parts of Artemisia chamaemelifolia Vill. afforded, in addition to five known sesquiterpene acids, a new 5-epi-cantabrenolic acid (6).
Clastogenic Effect of Carthamus lanatus L. (Asteraceae)
Authors: Topashka-Ancheva Margarita , Taskova Rilka , Handjieva Nedjalka , Mikhova Bozhanka , Duddeck Helmut 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The clastogenic effect of total dichloromethane, methanol and water extracts, four bioactive fractions and three individual constituents from Carthamus lanatus aerial parts were evaluated in mice by bone marrow chromosome aberration assay with mitomycin C as positive control. Significant differences in the percentage of aberrant mitosis of the extracts were observed. The dichloromethane extract exhibited a considerable clastogenic effect and the water extract a negligible one. Different types of chromosome aberrations and time-dependant effects for the active fractions and individual compounds were found.
Influence of Polyphenols on Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Quorum-sensing
Authors: Huber Birgit , Eberl Leo , Feucht Walter , Polster Jürgen 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Many bacteria utilize sophisticated regulatory systems to ensure that some functions are only expressed when a particular population density has been reached. The term ‘quorumsensing’ has been coined to describe this form of density-dependent gene regulation which relies on the production and perception of small signal molecules by bacterial cells. As in many pathogenic bacteria the production of virulence factors is quorum-sensing regulated, it has been suggested that this form of gene regulation allows the bacteria to remain invisible to the defence systems of the host until the population is sufficiently large to successfully establish the infection. Here we present first evidence that polyphenolic compounds can interfere with bacterial quorum-sensing. Since polyphenols are widely distributed in the plant kingdom, they may be important for promoting plant fitness.