bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Masculinity in the Eighteenth-Century Moravian Mission Field: Contact and Negotiation
Authors: Faull Katherine 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT
Building on earlier work on the history of Moravian masculinity in the more urban centers of Euro-American activity and moving the focus of scrutiny to the mission field of Pennsylvania, this essay asks how the change of place and environment, both natural and cultural, might affect the notions and practices of Moravian masculinity. Through an examination of passages from the Shamokin mission diary, written between 1745 and 1755, the essay suggests that the place and ethos of Moravian life, even as it was conducted in a small mission deep in the backcountry, also revealed gender norms and behaviors that adhered not only to those of colonial Euro-Americans but also resonated with the practices and norms of masculinity found within the Native American cultures with which the Moravians interacted. The combination of Sifting Period language, bridal mysticism, and a stress on the visual provides Moravians and Native American people in the mid-century with more commonalities in the practices of masculinity than were later assumed in the New Republic.
Moravian Familiarities: Queer Community in the Moravian Church in Europe and North America in the Mid-Eighteenth Century
Authors: Miller Derrick R. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT
This article argues that mid-eighteenth-century Moravian religious discourse produced unique forms of self, desire, and community. It uses queer theory to reframe previous scholarship on Moravian masculinity, homoeroticism, marriage, and social structure in order to emphasize aspects of Moravian cultural difference that have been elided in such debates as whether Moravian men were effeminate and whether the choir was a threat to the family.
Gene Transfer in the Liver Using Recombinant Adeno‐Associated Virus
Authors: Ahmed Seemin Seher , Li Jia , Godwin Jonathan , Gao Guangping , Zhong Li 
Published: May 2013

AbstractLiver‐directed gene transfer and gene therapy are rapidly gaining attention primarily because the liver is centrally involved in a variety of metabolic functions that are affected in various inherited disorders. Recombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV) is a popular gene delivery vehicle for gene therapy, and intravenous delivery of some rAAV serotypes results in very efficient transduction in the liver. rAAV‐mediated gene transfer to the liver can be used to create somatic transgenic animals or disease models for studying the function of various genes and miRNAs. The liver is the target tissue for gene therapy of many inborn metabolic diseases and may also be exploited as a “biofactory” for production of coagulation factors, insulin, growth hormones, and other non‐hepatic proteins. Hence, efficient delivery of transgenes and small RNAs to the liver by rAAV vectors has been of long‐standing interest to research scientists and clinicians alike. This unit describes methods for delivery of rAAV vectors by several injection routes, followed by a range of analytical methods for assessing the expression, activity, and effects of the transgene and its product. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 29:14D.6.1‐14D.6.32. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Insertion of a GFP Reporter Gene in Influenza Virus
Authors: Perez Jasmine T. , García‐Sastre Adolfo , Manicassamy Balaji 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe incorporation of a fluorescent reporter gene into a replication‐competent influenza A virus (IAV) has made it possible to trace IAV infection in vivo. This protocol describes the process of inserting a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter into the IAV genome using the established reverse genetics system. The strategy begins with the reorganization of segment eight of the IAV genome, during which the open reading frames of nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and the nuclear export protein (NEP) are separated to allow for GFP fusion to the NS1 protein. The NS1, GFP, and NEP open reading frames (ORF) are then cloned into the IAV rescue system backbone. Upon construction of the GFP‐encoding segment eight rescue plasmid, recombinant NS1‐GFP influenza virus can be rescued via co‐transfection with the remaining seven rescue plasmids. The generated NS1‐GFP IAV can subsequently be used to visualize infected cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 29:15G.4.1‐15G.4.16. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
H‐Doped Black Titania with Very High Solar Absorption and Excellent Photocatalysis Enhanced by Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Wang Zhou , Yang Chongyin , Lin Tianquan , Yin Hao , Chen Ping , Wan Dongyun , Xu Fangfang , Huang Fuqiang , Lin Jianhua , Xie Xiaoming , Jiang Mianheng 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBlack TiO2 attracts enormous attention due to its large solar absorption and induced excellent photocatalytic activity. Herein, a new approach assisted by hydrogen plasma to synthesize unique H‐doped black titania with a core/shell structure (TiO2@TiO2‐xHx) is presented, superior to the high H2‐pressure process (under 20 bar for five days). The black titania possesses the largest solar absorption (≈83%), far more than any other reported black titania (the record (high‐pressure): ≈30%). H doping is favorable to eliminate the recombination centers of light‐induced electrons and holes. High absorption and low recombination ensure the excellent photocatalytic activity for the black titania in the photo‐oxidation of organic molecules in water and the production of hydrogen. The H‐doped amorphous shell is proposed to play the same role as Ag or Pt loading on TiO2 nanocrystals, which induces the localized surface plasma resonance and black coloration. Photocatalytic water splitting and cleaning using TiO2‐xHx is believed to have a bright future for sustainable energy sources and cleaning environment.
An Efficient Route to 3‐Amidylindoles via a Palladium‐ Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of 2‐Alkynylanilines with Isocyanides
Authors: Qiu Guanyinsheng , Chen Chen , Yao Liangqing , Wu Jie 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed reaction of 2‐alkynylaniline, isocyanides, and silver acetate is described, leading to 3‐amidylindoles in moderate to good yields. During the process, five new bonds are formed with high reaction efficiency in one‐pot procedure.
6p25 microdeletion: White matter abnormalities in an adult patient
Authors: Vernon Hilary J. , Bytyci Telegrafi Aida , Batista Denise , Owegi Margaret , Leigh Richard 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe report on a 41‐year‐old woman of normal intelligence with a complicated past medical history including unilateral profound hearing loss, unilateral Axenfeld–Rieger anomaly, and leukoencephalopathy. She was referred to an adult neurology clinic because of a previous diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, which was non‐responsive to multiple medications. Due to her complicated past medical history, the medical genetics service was consulted. She was found to have a chromosome 6p25.3–6p25.2 deletion on SNP array. This report highlights chromosome 6p subtelomeric deletions as a possible underlying cause for periventricular white matter abnormalities in an adult. It emphasizes the importance of genetic testing in an adult with leukoencephalopathy and congenital anomalies. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
XY sex reversal, pontocerebellar hypoplasia and intellectual disability: Confirmation of a new syndrome
Authors: Siriwardena Komudi , Al‐Maawali Almundher , Guerin Andrea , Blaser Susan , Chitayat David 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe report on a 46,XY female with pontocerebellar hypoplasia and intellectual disability. To our knowledge, this is the fourth reported patient with this constellation and further confirms a rare new syndrome. The condition is probably a single gene disorder with a currently unknown mode of inheritance. The causative gene is likely involved in the normal gonadal sex determination as well as the cerebral and cerebellar formation and function. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The inclusion of water with the injected aerosol reduces the simulated effectiveness of marine cloud brightening
Authors: Jenkins A. K. L. , Forster P. M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSea‐salt aerosols proposed for injection in marine cloud brightening geoengineering would likely result from evaporation of sea‐water droplets. Previous simulations have omitted this mechanism. Using the WRF/Chem model (Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry) in large‐eddy simulation mode, we find that droplet evaporation creates cold pools, suppressing initial aerosol plume heights by up to 30% (40 m). This lessens cloud albedo increases from 94.1 to 88.5% in our weakly‐precipitating case and from 4.3 to 1.4% for daytime injection into our nonprecipitating case (cloud albedo differences of 0.012 and 0.009, respectively). Inclusion of this effect in future modelling would allow increasingly realistic effectiveness estimates.
Indian summer monsoon drought 2009: role of aerosol and cloud microphysics
Authors: Hazra A. , Taraphdar S. , Halder M. , Pokhrel S. , Chaudhari H. S. , Salunke K. , Mukhopadhyay P. , Rao S. A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCloud dynamics played a fundamental role in defining Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall during drought of 2009. The anomalously negative precipitation was consistent with cloud properties. Although, aerosols inhibited the growth of cloud effective radius in the background of sparse water vapor, their role is secondary. The primary role, however, is played by the interactive feedback between cloud microphysics and dynamics owing to reduced efficient cloud droplet growth, lesser latent heating release and shortage of water content. Cloud microphysical processes were instrumental for the occurrence of ISM drought 2009.
Research on benzene, toluene and dimethylbenzene detection based on a cataluminescence sensor
Authors: Sun Yan , Cao Xiaoan , Liu Yonghui , Wang Nijing , He Ruiwen 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTWe present a sensitive and quick way to determine benzene, toluene and dimethylbenzene (BTEX) in air, applying a cataluminescence (CTL) sensor based on a nano‐sized composite material, γ‐Al2O3/PtO2. The factors that affect the sensor's performance were studied, including the sensing material, temperature, rate of air carrier and wavelength. It was shown that when Pt accounted for 0.2% of the sensing material, the rate of the air carrier that carries target gas was 450 mL/min, the determination wavelength was 400 nm and temperature was 236°C, this sensor showed the best CTL intensity to BTEX. In addition, the CTL intensity had a high linear relation with the concentration of BTEX, with a linear range from 0.5 to 100 mL/m3, and a detection limit 0.22 mL/m3. This nano‐sized material had a quick response within 1.5 s, short recovery time within 1 min and a long lifetime, showing good potential for a variety of applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectrofluorimetric analysis of gemifloxacin mesylate in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Al‐Tamimi Salma Ali , Alarfaj Nawal Ahmad , Aly Fatma Ahmed , Al‐Mohaimeed Amal Mohammed 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTA simple, rapid and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method was developed for determination of gemifloxacin mesylate (GFX) in tablets. The method is based on measuring the native fluorescence of GFX in isopropanol at 400 nm after excitation at 272 nm. The fluorescence–concentration plot was rectilinear over the range of 0.01–0.50 µg/mL with a lower detection limit of 1.19 ng/mL and quantification limit of 3.6 ng/mL. The method was fully validated and successfully applied to the determination of GFX tablets with an average percentage recovery of 99.65 ± 0.532. The method was extended to the stability study of GFX. The drug was exposed to acidic, alkaline, oxidative and photolytic degradation according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The rate of GFX degradation was found at its highest in acidic conditions, and in its lowest in the neutral one. However, it was stable under dry heat and photolytic degradation conditions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HPAEC‐PAD method for the analysis of alkaline hydrolyzates of Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide
Authors: de Haan Alex , van der Put Robert M. F. , Beurret Michel 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTA gradient method has been devised for the rapid analysis of alkaline hydrolyzates of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) capsular polysaccharide‐based vaccines by high‐performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC‐PAD). As compared with published procedures, peak shape and sensitivity were significantly improved with this approach, analysis time was short and there was little interference from impurities. The limits of detection and quantification were established with a purified reference polysaccharide. We propose this method as a practical alternative for the analysis of minute amounts of Hib polysaccharide, which can be lower than with the conventional approaches. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of leakage from antibody adsorbent: composition analysis and pH effect
Authors: Zhao Lan , Liu Yongdong , Wang Yinjue , Huang Yongdong , Li Xiunan , Li Yan , Ma Guanghui , Su Zhiguo 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTTo study the leakage at different solution pH values, IgG Sepharose 6FF®, a commercially available immunoadsorbent, was used as a model. The leaked substance consists of three parts: (1) ligands and its fragments; (2) ligands plus matrix fragments in which ligands are chemically attached to the adsorbent matrix; and (3) matrix fragments. Buffer solution pH values had a great effect on both the kinetics and the amount of ligand leakage. Cross‐linking of the adsorbent matrix could reduce both matrix leakage and antibody leakage at pH 3.0, but its effect was limited at pH 11.0 for ligand leakage. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Screening the Biosphere: The Fungicolous Fungus Trichoderma phellinicola, a Prolific Source of Hypophellins, New 17‐, 18‐, 19‐, and 20‐Residue Peptaibiotics
Authors: Röhrich Christian René , Iversen Anita , Jaklitsch Walter Michael , Voglmayr Hermann , Vilcinskas Andreas , Nielsen Kristian Fog , Thrane Ulf , von Döhren Hans , Brückner Hans , Degenkolb Thomas 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTo investigate the significance of antibiotics for the producing organism(s) in the natural habitat, we screened a specimen of the fungicolous fungus Trichoderma phellinicola (syn. Hypocrea phellinicola) growing on its natural host Phellinus ferruginosus. Results revealed that a particular group of non‐ribosomal antibiotic polypeptides, peptaibiotics, which contain the non‐proteinogenic marker amino acid, α‐aminoisobutyric acid, was biosynthesized in the natural habitat by the fungicolous producer and, consequently, released into the host. By means of liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray high‐resolution time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, we detected ten 20‐residue peptaibols in the specimen. Sequences of peptaibiotics found in vivo were independently confirmed by analyzing the peptaibiome of an agar plate culture of T. phellinicola CBS 119283 (ex‐type) grown under laboratory conditions. Notably, this strain could be identified as a potent producer of 39 new 17‐, 18‐, and 19‐residue peptaibiotics, which display the same building scheme as the 20‐residue peptaibols found in the specimen. Two of the 19‐residue peptaibols are tentatively assigned to carry tyrosinol, a novel C‐terminal residue, as deduced from high‐resolution tandem mass‐spectrometry data. For the new peptaibiotics produced by T. phellinicola, the name ‘hypophellin(s)’, based on the teleomorph name, is introduced.
Unprecedented 17‐Residue Peptaibiotics Produced by Marine‐Derived Trichoderma atroviride
Authors: Carroux Angélique , Van Bohemen Anne‐Isaline , Roullier Catherine , Robiou du Pont Thibaut , Vansteelandt Marieke , Bondon Arnaud , Zalouk‐Vergnoux Aurore , Pouchus Yves François , Ruiz Nicolas 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn the course of investigations on marine‐derived toxigenic fungi, five strains of Trichoderma atroviride were studied for their production of peptaibiotics. While these five strains were found to produce classical 19‐residue peptaibols, three of them exhibited unusual peptidic sodium‐adduct [M + 2 Na]2+ ion peaks at m/z between 824 and 854. The sequencing of these peptides led to two series of unprecedented 17‐residue peptaibiotics based on the model Ac‐XXX‐Ala‐Ala‐XXX‐XXX‐Gln‐Aib‐Aib‐Aib‐Ala/Ser‐Lxx‐Aib‐Pro‐XXX‐Aib‐Lxx‐[C129]. The C‐terminus of these new peptides was common to all of them, and its elemental formula C5H9N2O2 was established by HR‐MS. It could correspond to the cyclized form of Nδ‐hydroxyornithine which has already been observed at the C‐terminus of various peptidic siderophores. The comparison of the sequences of 17‐ and 19‐residue peptides showed similarities for positions 1–16. This observation seems to indicate a common biosynthesis pathway. Both new 17‐residue peptaibiotics and 19‐residue peptaibols exhibited weak in vitro cytotoxicities against KB cells.
Structural Characterization of the Short Peptaibols Trichobrachins by Molecular‐Dynamics Methods
Authors: Násztor Zoltán , Horváth János , Leitgeb Balázs 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA structural characterization was carried out by molecular‐dynamics methods for eight trichobrachin peptides, to identify the conformational features of these short peptaibols. For all peptides, the backbone and side‐chain conformations were investigated, different secondary structures, such as type‐I and ‐III β‐turns as well as β‐bend ribbon spirals, were determined in certain tetrapeptide units of the molecules, and the preferred rotamers of the side chains of amino acids were identified. Furthermore, the end‐to‐end and residueresidue distances were examined, as well as the fluctuations of backbone atoms were studied. Based on these results, the peptides were compared to one another. Our theoretical study indicated that trichobrachins could be characterized by typical structural properties, and both conformational similarities and dissimilarities were observed between these peptaibols. In summary, this structural investigation supplied a characterization of the various conformational features of eight trichobrachin peptides.
Sequences of Metanicins, 20‐Residue Peptaibols from the Ascomycetous Fungus CBS 597.80
Authors: Kimonyo Anastase , Brückner Hans 
Published: May 2013

AbstractFour linear 20‐residue peptaibols, named metanicins (MTCs) A–D, were isolated from submerged cultures of the ascomycetous fungus CBS 597.80. Structure elucidation was performed by a combination of fast‐atom‐bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB‐MS), electrospray ionization MS, Edman degradation of isolated fragments, and amino acid analysis by ion‐exchange and gas chromatography, and enantioselective HPLC. The sequences of MTC A(B) are (amino acid exchange in B and C in parentheses): Ac‐Aib‐Ala‐Aib‐Ala‐Aib‐Ala‐Gln‐Aib‐Val‐Aib‐Gly‐Leu‐Aib‐Pro‐Val‐Aib‐Aib(D‐Iva)‐Gln‐Gln‐Pheol and of MTC C(D) Ac‐Aib‐Ala‐Aib‐Ala‐Aib‐Ala‐Gln‐Aib‐Val‐Aib‐Gly‐Leu‐Aib‐Pro‐Val‐Aib‐Aib(D‐Iva)‐Gln‐Gln‐Pheol (Ac, acetyl; Aib, α‐aminoisobutyric acid; Iva, isovaline; Pheol, L‐phenylalaninol). The peptides are related, and some of the sequences are identical, to other 20‐residue peptaibols isolated from Trichoderma species. MTCs show moderate activities against Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus, and very low activities against Bacillus subtilis. The producer has originally been identified and deposited as Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae CBS 597.80. Although this identification has been withdrawn by Centralbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS) in the meantime, the accession number will be retained – independently from any taxonomic revisions.
Microfiltration Process for Continuous Removal of Solid Particles from Cold‐Rolling Emulsions
Authors: Wendler Barbara , Wolters Ralf , Stille Ulrich , Böttger Dieter 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMicrofiltration is used for treatment of rejected oil‐in‐water emulsions: mostly as end‐of‐pipe treatment for separation of oil and water. However, microfiltration for continuous cleaning of emulsions with removal of solid particles, but without removal of emulsified oil, is not an established process. The described research project aims for development of a continuous cleaning process based on microfiltration for removal of solid particles from cold‐rolling emulsions without removal of emulsified oil. The new cleaning process for emulsions can be advantageous compared with existing processes for removal of solid particles smaller than 10 μm.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Flat Sheet Membrane Module Types for High Capacity Gas Separation Applications
Authors: Brinkmann Torsten , Pohlmann Jan , Withalm Ulrike , Wind Jan , Wolff Thorsten 
Published: May 2013

AbstractGas permeation is increasingly considered for high capacity applications. This contribution discusses the commonly employed membrane module types for flat sheet membranes and suggests a new module concept. The applications considered are the separation of CO2 from flue gas and hydrocarbon dewpointing of natural gas. Rigorous models for predicting the operating performance of the module types are described. Pilot plant experiments were conducted to validate the model for envelope type modules. Simulation studies were carried out to predict the performances of the different module types for the two examples and assess their advantages and disadvantages.
From molecules to processes: Molecular simulations applied to the design of simulated moving bed for ethane/ethylene separation
Authors: Granato Miguel Angelo , Martins Vanessa Duarte , Santos João Carlos , Jorge Miguel , Rodrigues Alírio Egídio 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper presents results of a modelling study on the separation of ethane/ethylene mixture by selective adsorption on zeolite 13X in a simulated moving bed (SMB) unit. Propane and n‐butane are evaluated as desorbent candidates. The study encompasses molecular simulation calculations for determination of adsorption parameters, whose results will then be used in a mathematical model for evaluating the performance of an SMB unit. This work is entirely done in silico, by using available force field parameters for the molecular simulations part and reliable mathematical models for the SMB part. Experimental data are solely used for comparison with the molecular simulation results, which are subsequently expanded to calculate adsorption properties for separating the mixtures, without further experimental work. The separation regions of an SMB unit operating with zeolite 13X for ethane/ethylene separation, using propane and n‐butane as desorbents, were obtained by simulation at 110 kPa and at four different temperatures: 298, 323, 348 and 373 K. For each desorbent, an operating point was selected, and the size of the required unit was presented for the complete separation of the two components of the mixture.
Photoinduced Biphasic Hydrogen Evolution: Decamethylosmocene as a Light‐Driven Electron Donor
Authors: Ge Peiyu , Olaya Astrid J. , Scanlon Micheál D. , Hatay Patir Imren , Vrubel Heron , Girault Hubert H. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractExcitation of the weak electron donor decamethylosmocene on illumination with white light produces an excited‐state species capable of reducing organically solubilized protons under biphasic conditions. Insight into the mechanism and kinetics of light‐driven biphasic hydrogen evolution are obtained by analysis with gas chromatography, cyclic voltammetry, and UV/Vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Formation of decamethylosmocenium hydride, which occurs prior to hydrogen evolution, is a rapid step relative to hydrogen release and takes place independently of light activation. Remarkably, hydride formation occurs with greater efficiency (ca. 90 % conversion) under biphasic conditions than when the reaction is carried out in an acidified single organic phase (ca. 20 % conversion). Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal that decamethylosmocene has a higher proton affinity than either decamethylferrocene or osmocene.