bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of exposure length, cortical and trabecular bone contact areas on primary stability of infrazygomatic crest mini-screws at different insertion angles
Authors: Du Bingran , Lin Yuan , Ji Mohan , Yang Qiaohua , Jiang Jiang , Wang Fei , Wang Xiaoyi , Tan Jinchuan , Jia Rui , Li Jianyi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The infrazygomatic crest mini-screw has been widely used, but the biomechanical performance of mini-screws at different insertion angles is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to analyse the primary stability of infrazygomatic crest mini-screws at different angles and to explore the effects of the exposure length (EL), screw-cortical bone contact area (SCA), and screw-trabecular bone contact area (STA) on this primary stability.

Methods
Ninety synthetic bones were assigned to nine groups to insert mini-screws at the cross-combined angles in the occlusogingival and mesiodistal directions. SCA, STA, EL, and lateral pull-out strength (LPS) were measured, and their relationships were analysed. Twelve mini-screws were then inserted at the optimal and poor angulations into the maxillae from six fresh cadaver heads, and the same biomechanical metrics were measured for validation.

Results
In the synthetic-bone test, the LPS, SCA, STA, and EL had significant correlations with the angle in the occlusogingival direction (rLPS = 0.886, rSCA = -0.946, rSTA = 0.911, and rEL= -0.731; all P < 0.001). In the cadaver-validation test, significant differences were noted in the LPS (P = 0.011), SCA (P = 0.020), STA (P = 0.004), and EL (P = 0.001) between the poor and optimal angulations in the occlusogingival direction. The STA had positive correlations with LPS (rs = 0.245 [synthetic-bone test] and r = 0.720 [cadaver-validation test]; both P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The primary stability of the infrazygomatic crest mini-screw was correlated with occlusogingival angulations. The STA significantly affected the primary stability of the infrazygomatic crest mini-screw, but the SCA and EL did not.
The effect of rs2910686 on ERAP2 expression in IBD and epithelial inflammatory response
Authors: Sæterstad Siri , Østvik Ann Elisabeth , Hansen Marianne Doré , Bruland Torunn , van Beelen Granlund Atle 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
ERAP2 is an aminopeptidase involved in antigen processing and presentation, and harbor genetic variants linked to several inflammatory diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The lack of an ERAP2 gene homologue in mice has hampered functional studies, and most human studies have focused on cells of hematopoietic origin. Using an IBD biobank as vantage point, this study explores how genetic variation in ERAP2 affects gene expression in human-derived epithelial organoids upon proinflammatory stimulation.

Methods
An IBD patient cohort was genotyped with regards to two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs2910686/rs2248374) associated with ERAP2 expression levels, and we examined the correlation between colon gene expression and genotype, specifically aiming to establish a relationship with ERAP2 expression proficiency. Human-derived colon organoids (colonoids) with known ERAP2 genotype were established and used to explore differences in whole genome gene expression between ERAP2-deficient (n = 4) and -proficient (n = 4) donors upon pro-inflammatory encounter.

Results
When taking rs2910686 genotype into account, ERAP2 gene expression is upregulated in the inflamed colon of IBD patients. Colonoids upregulate ERAP2 upon IFNɣ stimulation, and ERAP2 expression proficiency is dependent on rs2910686 genotype. Colonoid genotyping confirms that mechanisms independent of the frequently studied SNP rs2248374 can cause ERAP2-deficiency. A total of 586 genes involved in various molecular mechanisms are differentially expressed between ERAP2 proficient- and deficient colonoids upon proinflammatory stimulation, including genes encoding proteins with the following molecular function: catalytic activity (AOC1, CPE, ANPEP and MEP1A), regulator activity (TNFSF9, MDK, GDF15, ILR6A, LGALS3 and FLNA), transmembrane transporter activity (SLC40A1 and SLC5A1), and extracellular matrix structural constituents (FGL2, HMCN2, and MUC17).

Conclusions
ERAP2 is upregulated in the inflamed IBD colon mucosa, and expression proficiency is highly correlated with genotype of rs2910686. While the SNP rs2248374 is commonly used to determine ERAP2 expressional proficiency, our data confirms that mechanisms independent of this SNP can lead to ERAP2 deficiency. Our data demonstrates that epithelial ERAP2 presence affects the inflammatory response in colonoids, suggesting a pleiotropic role of ERAP2 beyond MHC class I antigen processing.
Inferring clonal somatic mutations directed by X chromosome inactivation status in single cells
Authors: Demirci Ilke , Larsson Anton J. M. , Chen Xinsong , Hartman Johan , Sandberg Rickard , Frisén Jonas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnalysis of clonal dynamics in human tissues is enabled by somatic genetic variation. Here, we show that analysis of mitochondrial mutations in single cells is dramatically improved in females when using X chromosome inactivation to select informative clonal mutations. Applying this strategy to human peripheral mononuclear blood cells reveals clonal structures within T cells that otherwise are blurred by non-informative mutations, including the separation of gamma-delta T cells, suggesting this approach can be used to decipher clonal dynamics of cells in human tissues.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in emergency cholecystectomy for mild to moderate acute cholecystitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Elkasaby Mohamed Hamouda , Elsayed Hesham , Charo Dilawer Chofan , Rashed Mohamed Abdalla , Elkoumi Omar , Elhaddad Islam Mohsen , Gadallah Ahmed , Ramadan Alaa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Emergency cholecystectomy is the mainstay in treating acute cholecystitis (AC). In actual practice, perioperative prophylactic antibiotics are used to prevent postoperative infectious complications (PIC), but their effectiveness lacks evidence. We aim to investigate the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in emergency cholecystectomy.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science (WOS), and Scopus up to June 14, 2023. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved patients diagnosed with mild to moderate AC according to Tokyo guidelines who were undergoing emergency cholecystectomy and were administered preoperative and/or postoperative antibiotics as an intervention group and compared to a placebo group. For dichotomous data, we applied the risk ratio (RR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI), while for continuous data, we used the mean difference (MD) and 95% CI.

Results
We included seven RCTs encompassing a collective sample size of 1747 patients. Our analysis showed no significant differences regarding total PIC (RR = 0.84 with 95% CI (0.63, 1.12), P = 0.23), surgical site infection (RR = 0.79 with 95% CI (0.56, 1.12), P = 0.19), distant infections (RR = 1.01 with 95% CI (0.55, 1.88), P = 0.97), non-infectious complications (RR = 0.84 with 95% CI (0.64, 1.11), P = 0.22), mortality (RR = 0.34 with 95% CI (0.04, 3.23), P = 0.35), and readmission (RR = 0.69 with 95% CI (0.43, 1.11), P = 0.13).

Conclusion
Perioperative antibiotics in patients with mild to moderate acute cholecystitis did not show a significant reduction of postoperative infectious complications after emergency cholecystectomy. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023438755).
Barriers and facilitators to ethical co-production with Autistic people with an eating disorder
Authors: Nimbley Emy , Maloney Ellen , Buchan Kyle , Sader Michelle , Gillespie-Smith Karri , Duffy Fiona 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Co-production is the collaboration between researchers and the lived experience community in designing, conducting and sharing research. The importance of co-production is increasingly advocated in both the autism and eating disorder fields. Despite this, there remains a lack of clarity at how to define, apply and conduct ethical co-production. Understanding common challenges and what we can do to overcome these challenges are integral to ensuring ethical and meaningful research with Autistic people with an eating disorder. The current study therefore explored: What are the barriers and facilitators to ethical co-production with Autistic people with an ED?

Methods
Five workshops were conducted with 30 collaborators exploring barriers and facilitators to ethical co-production. Synchronous (online workshops) and asynchronous (offline discussion forum) data was analysed using thematic analysis. Themes were co-produced by a neurotypical and Autistic researcher with lived/living experience of an eating disorder.

Results
Four themes were identified that explored barriers to ethical co-production: unequal partnerships, the inaccessibility of research, excluded by diagnoses and communication differences. Three themes were identified with regards to facilitators of ethical co-production: shared power (with sub-themes relationships, not roles and creative compensation), clarity and transparency and autism-affirming approaches.

Discussion
Conducting ethical co-production with Autistic people with eating disorders has the potential to generate meaningful research that can be translated into improving the lives of the Autistic and eating disorder community. To achieve this, co-production teams should strive towards shared power and long-term relationships, adapting for communication differences and preferences and operating firmly within an autism-affirming framework. It is hoped that study findings will inspire collaboration, discussion and novel, translatable research.
The impact of differential pricing subject on consumer behavior
Authors: Chen Jinsong , Zhang Yuexin , Wu Yumin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe escalating use of artificial intelligence in marketing significantly impacts all aspects of consumer life. This research, grounded in attribution theory and S–O-R theory, employs scenario-based experimental methods to simulate two distinct purchasing contexts. The aim is to investigate consumers' psychological and behavioral responses to AI-initiated pricing. Through SPSS analysis of variance and Bootstrap analysis, the mechanisms of influence of AI-initiated pricing on consumer behavior are tested, revealing the mediating variables of mind perception and consumer perceived ethicality, as well as the mediating variables of perceived enterprise control. Data were collected from Chinese customers to test the model of this study. A total of 841 valid questionnaires were analyzed using ANOVA and Bootstrap analysis with SPSS. The results show that: (1) Consumers exhibit higher repurchase and word-of-mouth recommendation behaviors and lower complaint and switching behaviors for AI-initiated pricing compared to marketers; (2) AI-initiated pricing leads to diminished mind perceptions and augmented ethical perceptions among consumers. Ethical perceptions serve as a complete mediator, while mind perceptions play a less significant mediating role; (3) Perceived enterprise control plays a moderating role in the impact of AI-initiated pricing on consumer behavior. That is, when consumers know that the enterprise can control pricing agents, AI-initiated pricing leads to lower repurchase and word-of-mouth recommendation behaviors, and higher instances of complaining and switching behaviors than humans.
Development and printing of three-dimensional electrodes for the high body adhesion of smart wear
Authors: Lee Okkyung , Lee Heeran 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerein, we investigate the effects of 3D printed electrodes on electrophysiological signals and identify the important design elements required for manufacturing better electrodes for high body adhesion for smart wear. Ten electrodes of different shapes (plain, check, stripe, circular, radial cut-out) and thicknesses (0.5 mm and 1.0 mm) were manufactured. The electrodes were evaluated by testing on 20 healthy individuals (10 men and 10 women). To measure the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the participants, we used BIOS-S8 (BioBrain Inc., Korea), an 8-channel polygraph for multibody signal measurement. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 statistical program. The EEG values were significantly activated according to gender. For the male participants, relative alpha (RA), relative slow theta (RST), relative mid theta (RMT), and the ratio of SMR-mid beta to theta (RSMT) values were highly activated and for the female participants, RA, relative fast alpha (RFA), and relative slow theta (RSA) values were highly activated. There were no significant gendifferences in the EEG of both genders for the 10 types of electrodes. However, for the female participants, the ‘RA’ indices showed a significant difference based on electrode shape on the right temporal lobe (T4), but there was no significant difference based on the thickness. There was a significant difference in the subjective preference of the electrodes also. In the subjective evaluation, it was found that the differences based on the shape and thickness of the electrodes were sensitively recognized.
Patterns and sociodemographic characteristics of substance abuse among hepatitis C virus-infected patients in Iraq: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hasan Noor Ali , Al-Hemiary Nesif 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Substance use disorders are a widely recognized problem among hepatitis C-infected patients; moreover, substance abuse by intravenous injection is a common mode of transmission of the hepatitis C virus worldwide. The frequency of substance use disorders and their relation to hepatitis C infection are still unknown in Iraq. This cross-sectional study, conducted among a sample of hepatitis C- infected patients attending the Gastrointestinal Tract Center in Baghdad Medical City, aimed to examine the prevalence of substance use disorders, the sociodemographic characteristics of the abusers, and the relation between intravenous drug abuse and hepatitis C virus infection. All participants were subjected to an Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) questionnaire and a data form to determine sociodemographic characteristics and hepatitis C virus-related risk factors.

Results
In a total of 300 hepatitis C virus-infected patients, the prevalence of substance use disorders was 53.6%. Among these patients, 43.6% abused nicotine, 6% abused licit drugs, and 4% abused alcohol. No one reported illicit drug abuse. Intravenous drug abuse was rare, and there was no relationship found between intravenous drug abuse and hepatitis C infection. Cupping (23%) and blood transfusion (20.3%) were both significantly associated with hepatitis C transmission in this study (p > 0.001).

Conclusion
This study revealed a high prevalence (53.6%) of substance abuse in this sample of hepatitis C-infected patients, with nicotine being the most commonly abused substance. However, there was no relationship between hepatitis C infection and intravenous drug abuse. Common risk factors that might contribute to hepatitis C transmission among this population include cupping and blood transfusion.
Mismatch repair deficiency in bilateral breast cancer
Authors: Kozonoe Milena Massumi , Nabhen Jacqueline Justino , Batista Bruno Ribeiro , Novello Lucas , Palmero Edenir Inêz , Ioshii Sérgio Ossamu , Linhares Júlia Costa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Since the FDA approved immune-enhancing therapies for patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and/or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), recognizing these biomarkers in solid tumors has gained clinical importance. Although MSI-H and dMMR are considered uncommon in breast cancer, previous studies on bilateral breast cancer (biBC) identified a surprisingly high frequency of MSI.

Methods
In this study, we aimed to describe the prevalence of dMMR and its association with clinicopathologic parameters in biBC. We performed immunohistochemistry with anti-MMR proteins on tissue microarrays (TMAs) with 58 bilateral breast cancer cases. The biomarkers used were MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6, ER, PR, HER2 and Ki67. SPSS was used for data analysis.

Results
Four (6.9%) cases showed dMMR on TMAs. Three (75%) of the dMMR cases were luminal and one (25%) was triple negative. Two biBC cases presented unilateral dMMR. No association between dMMR status and clinicopathologic parameters was found.

Conclusions
This work highlights a noticeable frequency of dMMR in bilateral breast cancer and builds upon previous research in this area, suggesting routine MMR protein testing as part of the immunohistochemical panel for biBC to identify candidates for immune-enhancing therapies.
Effect of silver nanochitosan on control of seed-borne pathogens and maintaining seed quality of wheat
Authors: Chouhan Divya , Dutta Poulami , Dutta Debojit , Dutta Ankita , Kumar Anoop , Mandal Palash , Choudhuri Chandrani , Mathur Piyush 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeeds, considered as the foundation of agriculture, are invaded by a broad spectrum of seed-borne pathogens. The current study aimed to control seed-borne fungal pathogens of wheat, Aspergillus flavus and A. niger, by using Ag+ nanochitosan (Ag-NC) for nano-priming of seeds and enhancing seed quality. Nanochitosan (NC) and Ag-NC were synthesized using the gelation method and characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometry, FESEM, EDXS, and HRTEM. NC and Ag-NC showed irregular surface topography with an average particle size of 275 and 325 nm, respectively. Antifungal activity of both the nanoparticles at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mg/mL revealed that Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL has completely terminated the mycelial growth of both pathogens. Malonaldehyde content increased to 77.77% in A. flavus and 82.66% in A. niger when exposed to 0.5 mg/mL Ag-NC. High-intensity fluorescence due to oxidative stress was observed in Ag-NC-treated pathogens. Ultra-structural changes in Ag-NC treated pathogenic spores under SEM displayed pronounced membrane damages. Wheat seeds were nano-primed with NC and Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL, and fungal load was examined to evaluate the mitigation of pathogenic stress and its effect on seedling growth promotion activity. Ag-NC priming reduced the fungal load and allowed successful seed germination. Ag-NC priming increased the albumin, gliadin, gluten, and glutenin content along with total phenol, reducing sugar and starch levels. Ag-NC priming increased the overall protein levels traced through SDS-PAGE. Seed priming with Ag-NC promotes seed germination, mean germination time, stress tolerance index, vigour, etc. NC and Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL showed no cytotoxic effect on the Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK293) cell line that ensures the nanoparticles are non-toxic. Thus, the synthesized nanoparticles exhibit a dual role in antifungal activity and plant growth promotion.
Comparison between non-vitamin K oral antagonist versus warfarin in atrial fibrillation with and without valvular heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Adji Arga Setyo , de Liyis Bryan Gervais 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) poses a significant stroke risk in heart disease patients. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of non-vitamin K oral antagonists (NOACs) versus vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in AF patients with and without any valvular heart disease (VHD/N-VHD).

Methods
A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to March 3, 2022. Efficacy and safety parameters were analyzed.

Results
A total of 85,423 subjects from 10 studies were included in this meta-analysis. NOACs and VKAs showed similar effects on ischemic stroke in AF patients with VHD/N-VHD (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.72–1.30; p = 0.83) and also on systemic embolic events (RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.83–1.25; p = 0.86). Similar effects were seen in VHD and N-VHD subgroups. Both treatments had similar effects on myocardial infarction in AF patients with VHD/N-VHD (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.49–1.26; p = 0.32), VHD (RR 0.78; 95% CI 0.59–1.02; p = 0.07), and N-VHD subgroups (RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.30–2.21; p = 0.69). NOACs reduced the risk of intracranial bleeding in AF VHD/N-VHD (RR 0.64; 95% CI 0.54–0.77; p < 0.0001), VHD (RR 0.59; 95% CI 0.42–0.82; p = 0.002), and N-VHD subgroups (RR 0.70; 95% CI 0.57–0.85; p = 0.0003). Additionally, NOACs reduced the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in AF VHD/N-VHD (RR 0.80; 95% CI 0.66–0.96; p = 0.02), specifically in the VHD subgroup (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.54–0.89; p = 0.004). Moreover, NOACs were associated with a decreased risk for minor and non-fatal bleeding in AF patients with VHD/N-VHD (RR 0.86; 95% CI 0.75–0.99; p = 0.04).

Conclusion
NOACs are effective and safe for ischemic stroke, systemic embolic events, myocardial infarction, intracranial bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding in AF patients with VHD/N-VHD.
Left ventricular apical aneurysm in Takayasu arteritis and chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection
Authors: Raghuram Karthik , Gopalakrishnan Arun , Nair Krishna Kumar Mohanan , Namboodiri Narayanan , Valaparambil Ajitkumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology characterized by a large vessel vasculitis involving the aorta and its branches. Myocardial involvement is extremely unusual in TA and is mostly in the form of myocarditis, ventricular hypertrophy, and ventricular dysfunction secondary to coronary ischemia. Submitral aneurysms have been reported in TA and has been attributed to the chronic inflammatory process in TA.

Case presentation
We report a novel instance of left ventricular apical aneurysm in a 37-year-old lady with TA and normal epicardial coronaries. She was diagnosed with a left ventricular apical aneurysm, moderate aortic regurgitation, and moderate pericardial effusion. The coronary arteries were normal. The patient had concomitant chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection complicating patient outcome.

Conclusions
Left ventricular apical aneurysm with normal epicardial coronaries is a rare cause of heart failure in Takayasu arteritis. Concomitant chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection can potentially accentuate the inflammatory process in Takayasu arteritis and complicate management and patient outcomes.
Esophagitis dissecans superficialis: a rare cause of upper GI bleeding
Authors: Wifi Mohamed-Naguib , Abdellatef Abeer , El-Kareem Dalia Abd , Hassan Mohamed , Lasheen Amr Maged 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Esophagitis dissecans superficialis (EDS) is a rare desquamative esophageal condition with a wide range of presentations, from asymptomatic cases to those with severe, life-threatening symptoms. EDS has a strong association with several conditions, such as autoimmune diseases, smoking, and certain medications, although it can also occur without any apparent cause (idiopathic). Diagnosis involves a comprehensive approach, including clinical assessment (history and examination), endoscopic examination, histopathological analysis, and the exclusion of other potential causes. There is still no established standard treatment for EDS, as many cases resolve spontaneously without long-term complications.
Case presentation.
We present a case of a 73-year-old female with an episode of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) due to Esophagitis dissecans superficialis, which had a favorable outcome after therapy with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI).

Conclusion
Although EDS is a rare condition, it should be considered a cause of UGIB in patients with risk factors.