bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prompt energization of relativistic and highly relativistic electrons during a substorm interval: Van Allen Probes observations
Authors: Foster J. C. , Erickson P. J. , Baker D. N. , Claudepierre S. G. , Kletzing C. A. , Kurth W. , Reeves G. D. , Thaller S. A. , Spence H. E. , Shprits Y. Y. , Wygant J. R. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractOn 17 March 2013, a large magnetic storm significantly depleted the multi‐MeV radiation belt. We present multi‐instrument observations from the Van Allen Probes spacecraft Radiation Belt Storm Probe A and Radiation Belt Storm Probe B at ~6 Re in the midnight sector magnetosphere and from ground‐based ionospheric sensors during a substorm dipolarization followed by rapid reenergization of multi‐MeV electrons. A 50% increase in magnetic field magnitude occurred simultaneously with dramatic increases in 100 keV electron fluxes and a 100 times increase in VLF wave intensity. The 100 keV electrons and intense VLF waves provide a seed population and energy source for subsequent radiation belt enhancements. Highly relativistic (>2 MeV) electron fluxes increased immediately at L* ~ 4.5 and 4.5 MeV flux increased >90 times at L* = 4 over 5 h. Although plasmasphere expansion brings the enhanced radiation belt multi‐MeV fluxes inside the plasmasphere several hours postsubstorm, we localize their prompt reenergization during the event to regions outside the plasmasphere.
Rapid porosity and permeability changes of calcareous sandstone due to CO2‐enriched brine injection
Authors: Lamy‐Chappuis Benoit , Angus Doug , Fisher Quentin , Grattoni Carlos , Yardley Bruce W. D. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractReservoir injectivity and storage capacity are the main constraints for geologic CO2 sequestration, subject to safety and economic considerations. Brine acidification following CO2 dissolution leads to fluid‐rock interactions that alter porosity and permeability, thereby affecting reservoir storage capacity and injectivity. Thus, we determined how efficiently CO2‐enriched brines could dissolve calcite in sandstone cores and how this affects the petrophysical properties. During computerized tomography monitored flow‐through reactor experiments, calcite dissolved at a rate largely determined by the rate of acid supply, even at high flow velocities which would be typical near an injection well. The porosity increase was accompanied by a significant increase in rock permeability, larger than that predicted using classical porosity‐permeability models. This chemically driven petrophysical change might be optimized using injection parameters to maximize injectivity and storage.
A Taste for Safer Beef? How Much Does Consumers’ Perceived Risk Influence Willingness to Pay for Country‐of‐Origin Labeled Beef
Authors: Lim Kar H. , Hu Wuyang , Maynard Leigh J. , Goddard Ellen 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTPast studies have shown that country of origin labeling (COOL) affects consumers’ demand for food products. However, besides the rationale of ethnocentrism or the desire to support domestic farmers, the underlying motivation for such behavior is not well understood. This study assesses consumers’ preferences for imported and domestic beef through a choice experiment. We found that willingness to pay for country‐of‐origin labeled imported beefsteak is associated with (a) consumers’ perceptions of the categorical risk from consuming beef, (b) consumers’ risk aversion to risks from beef consumption, and (c) consumers’ perceptions of the food‐safety level of imported beef. Results from this study suggest that the advantage of domestic beef over imported beef can be partly explained by consumers’ risk handling behavior. [EconLit citations: Q130].
The Impact of Exchange Rate Volatility on World Broiler Trade
Authors: Davis Christopher G. , Muhammad Andrew , Karemera David , Harvey David 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTStudies of how exchange rate volatility affects aggregate trade flows implicitly assume a uniform response across individual sectors. This is highly unlikely given that the responsiveness of trade to exchange rate fluctuations could depend on the biological, marketing, and economic factors specific to a commodity. Consequently, we focused solely on broilers for this analysis, which is a leading sector in global meat trade. Using a gravity model, we assessed how two measures of exchange rate volatility (short‐ and long‐run) affect cross‐partner broiler trade. Our results indicated that long‐run exchange rate volatility has a negative and significant effect on broiler trade, albeit small when compared to the effects of population, regionalization, and sharing a common border; the short‐run effect of exchange rate volatility was insignificant. Overall, results suggest that exchange rate volatility has little or no effect on bilateral broiler trade. [EconLit citations: C32, F14, Q17].
The Impact of BSE on U.S. Exports of Beef and Pork
Authors: Taha Fawzi A. , Hahn William F. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTAn augmented vector‐autoregressive (VAR) model relating pre‐ and post‐BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) exports of U.S. beef meat, beef offal, pork meat, and pork offal was used to test for structural changes following an outbreak of BSE in the United States in December 2003. The VAR, exogenous variables—intercepts, seasonal dummies, and export unit value first lags—and covariance estimates all had statistically significant changes for each of the four types of exports, indicating that BSE caused structural changes in U.S. exports of the four meats. To demonstrate the effects of these coefficient‐estimate shifts, post‐BSE exports were forecast using both sets of coefficients, the pre‐ and post‐BSE periods. These forecasts were in concordance with actual U.S. export data, showing that the structural changes lead to a decrease in U.S. beef meat and offal exports and a strong increase in U.S. pork meat and offal exports in the post‐BSE years. [Econ Lit Classification: F140, F170, and Q170.].
Preparation and dielectric properties of poly(ε‐caprolactone) compounded with “bucky gels”‐like mixture
Authors: Yoon Sang Won , Ren Xianqian , Chen Guang‐Xin 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPoly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) was melt compounded with “Bucky gels”‐like mixture that prepared by grinding multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and ionic liquids (ILs). Raman spectrum showed the significant interaction between ILs and MWNTs. The dielectric behavior of PCL nanocomposites based on unmodified and IL‐modified MWNTs was studied from 40 Hz to 30 MHz. The addition of ILs significantly enhanced the dielectric property of PCL/IL/MWNT ternary nanocomposites, which was much higher than that of the sum of PCL/IL with PCL/MWNT binary nanocomposites. The dielectric properties of PCL/IL/MWNT nanocomposites were mainly influenced by ILs in low frequency and were dominated by MWNTs in high frequency. SEM results revealed that a more uniform and fine dispersion of MWNTs were achieved throughout the PCL matrix because of ILs. The addition of ILs in nanocomposites changed the crystallinity of PCL. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40231.
Amino‐functionalization of carbon fibers through electron‐beam irradiation technique
Authors: Mao Lian , Wang Yuansheng , Zang Zhenjuan , Zhu Shanshan , Zhang Haisheng , Zhou Huihui 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAmino‐functinonalized carbon fibers were achieved via electron‐beam (EB) irradiation in Diethylenetriamine (DETA) solution and triethylene tetramine (TETA) solution at 200 kGy. Different graft monomer concentrations were investigated to find the optimal concentration of each graft monomer. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were applied to investigate chemical composition and functional groups, topography and disorder degree of amino‐functionalized carbon fibers surface. Meanwhile, adsorption ability and interfacial adhesion between modified carbon fibers and epoxy resin were determined by TGA and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). It is found that amino‐functionalized carbon fibers which had rougher and more active surface performed better adsorption ability on epoxy resin than untreated fibers. The optimal ILSS values of carbon fiber (treated with DETA and TETA) reinforced composites were 21.37 MPa and 18.28 MPa, which were much higher than that of untreated fiber reinforced composites. The comprehensive results demonstrated that in this condition, the optimal grafting concentrations of both DETA and TETA were 1.5 mol/L. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40274.
The Role of Green Supply Management in the Development of Sustainable Supply Chain
Authors: Lintukangas Katrina , Hallikas Jukka , Kähkönen Anni‐Kaisa 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis paper highlights the role of green supply management in the development of a sustainable supply chain. It examines if supply risks, supplier relationship management capability, and end‐customer orientation of supply management function are connected to the green supply management practices of a firm. These connections are studied using a survey data of 165 firms collected in Finland. The results of regression analysis show that the protection of a firm's reputation is highly related to the level of green supply management; consumer awareness of green requirements puts strong pressure on a firm's supply management to meet the end‐customers' expectations, and the high the level of supplier relationship management capability in firms increases the adoption of green supply management. Furthermore, it finds that larger firms exploit green supply management practices more than the smaller ones, and green purchasing activities are not applied in high‐volume‐buying Finnish companies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Esposito Katherine , Giugliano Dario 
Published: December 2013

AbstractConsumption of selected dietary components is favourably associated with prevention of type 2 diabetes, but discordant results for some foods or single nutrients continue to appear. The study of complete dietary patterns represents the most adequate approach to assess the role of diet on the risk of diabetes. The term ‘Mediterranean diet’ essentially refers to a primarily plant‐based dietary pattern whose greater consumption has been associated with higher survival for lower all‐cause mortality. At least five large prospective studies report a substantially lower risk of type 2 diabetes in healthy people or at risk patients with the highest adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Five randomized controlled trials have evaluated the effects of a Mediterranean diet, as compared with other commonly used diets, on glycaemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Improvement of HbA1c levels was greater with a Mediterranean diet and ranged from 0.1% to 0.6% for HbA1c. No trial reported worsening of glycaemic control with a Mediterranean diet. Although no controlled trial specifically assessed the role of a Mediterranean diet in reducing cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes, there is evidence that post‐infarct or high‐risk patients, including diabetic patients, may have cardiovascular benefits from a Mediterranean diet. The evidence so far accumulated suggests that adopting a Mediterranean diet may help prevent type 2 diabetes; moreover, a lower carbohydrate, Mediterranean‐style diet seems good for HbA1c reduction in persons with established diabetes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Natural Gas Matters: Outlook—Natural Gas Is Poised for a Stellar Future
Authors: Smead Richard G. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe sustained low price for US natural gas is doing exactly what it is supposed to do—attract new demand into the market. Gas‐fired power generation, liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports, exports to Mexico, and new industrial demand are all expected to contribute to demand growth for many years to come. But is this a permanent shift in the market, or could the new demand result in increasing prices that would quash the benefits of natural gas abundance?
Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans Support Osteoblast Functions and Concurrently Suppress Osteoclasts
Authors: Salbach‐Hirsch Juliane , Ziegler Nicole , Thiele Sylvia , Moeller Stephanie , Schnabelrauch Matthias , Hintze Vera , Scharnweber Dieter , Rauner Martina , Hofbauer Lorenz C. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn order to improve bone regeneration, development and evaluation of new adaptive biomaterials is warranted. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as hyaluronan (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are major extracellular matrix (ECM) components of bone, and display osteogenic properties that are potentially useful for biomaterial applications. Using native and synthetic sulfate‐modified GAGs, we manufactured artificial collagen/GAG ECM (aECMs) coatings, and evaluated how the presence of GAGs and their degree of sulfation affects the differentiation of murine mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts (OB) cultivated on these aECMs. GAG sulfation regulated osteogenesis at all key steps of OB development. Adhesion, but not migration, was diminished by 50% (P < 0.001). Proliferation and metabolic activity were slightly (P < 0.05) and cell death events strongly (P < 0.001) down‐regulated due to a switch from proliferative to matrix synthesis state. When exposed to sulfated GAGs, OB marker genes, such as alkaline phosphatase, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and osteocalcin increased by up to 28‐fold (P < 0.05) and calcium deposition up to 4‐fold (P < 0.05). Furthermore, GAG treatment of OBs suppressed their ability to support osteoclast (OC) differentiation and resorption. In conclusion, GAG sulfation controls bone cell homeostasis by concurrently promoting osteogenesis and suppressing their paracrine support of OC functions, thus displaying a favorable profile on bone remodeling. Whether these cellular properties translate into improved bone regeneration needs to be validated in vivo. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1101–1111, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Forgiveness, Coping, and Terrorism: Do Tendency to Forgive and Coping Strategies Associate With the Level of Posttraumatic Symptoms of Injured Victims of Terror Attacks?
Authors: Weinberg Michael , Gil Sharon , Gilbar Ora 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveThe study examined the tendency to forgive (self, others, and situations) and coping strategies (problem‐focused, emotion‐focused, and avoidance) among terror attack victims as associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity.MethodThe sample included 108 terror victims who had been injured in terror attacks (mean age 46.23, standard deviation = 11.61; 58.3% male). Participants agreed to undergo assessments of their PTSD symptoms, coping strategies, and tendency to forgive.ResultsA nested structural equation model design showed that tendency to forgive is positively associated with problem‐focused coping and negatively associated with avoidance coping. Additionally, tendency to forgive and problem‐focused coping are associated with decreased PTSD symptom severity, whereas emotion‐focused coping is associated with elevated PTSD symptom severity.ConclusionsTendency to forgive and coping strategies are significantly associated with each other and with severity of PTSD symptoms among individuals injured in terror attacks. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
Triggers of Fear: Perceptual Cues Versus Conceptual Information in Spider Phobia
Authors: Peperkorn Henrik M. , Alpers Georg W. , Mühlberger Andreas 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveFear reactions in spider‐phobic patients can be activated by specific perceptual cues or by conceptual fear‐related information. Matching perceptual fear cues and fear‐related information were expected to result in maximal fear responses, perceptual fear cues alone in less fear, and information alone in the weakest responses.MethodWe used virtual reality to manipulate the available cues and information. Forty‐eight phobic patients and 48 healthy participants were repeatedly exposed to either a perceptual cue, information, or a combination of both.ResultsIn conditions with a fear‐relevant perceptual cue, phobic patients reported increased fear compared to the condition with information only. Across exposures trials, these reactions diminished. Skin conductance in phobic patients was significantly higher in the combined than in the cue or the information condition.ConclusionsPerceptual cues are essential for phobic fear reactions in spider phobia. In combination with fear‐relevant information, perceptual cues activate an intense and persistent fear reaction.
Specific and Nonspecific Psychological Interventions for PTSD Symptoms: A Meta‐Analysis With Problem Complexity as a Moderator
Authors: Gerger Heike , Munder Thomas , Barth Jürgen 
Published: December 2013

ContextThe necessity of specific intervention components for the successful treatment of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder is the subject of controversy.ObjectiveTo investigate the complexity of clinical problems as a moderator of relative effects between specific and nonspecific psychological interventions.MethodsWe included 18 randomized controlled trials, directly comparing specific and nonspecific psychological interventions. We conducted moderator analyses, including the complexity of clinical problems as predictor.ResultsOur results have confirmed the moderate superiority of specific over nonspecific psychological interventions; however, the superiority was small in studies with complex clinical problems and large in studies with noncomplex clinical problems.ConclusionsFor patients with complex clinical problems, our results suggest that particular nonspecific psychological interventions may be offered as an alternative to specific psychological interventions. In contrast, for patients with noncomplex clinical problems, specific psychological interventions are the best treatment option.
On modelling electrets and piezoelectric actuators
Authors: Bossavit Alain 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYElectrets and piezoelectric components of various actuating devices require to take displacement currents into account, hence a less familiar modelling than in the eddy‐currents case. We review basic formulations and how to discretize them. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Liverpool uveal melanoma liver metastases pathway: Outcome following liver resection
Authors: Gomez D. , Wetherill C. , Cheong J. , Jones L. , Marshall E. , Damato B. , Coupland S.E. , Ghaneh P. , Poston G.J. , Malik H.Z. , Fenwick S.W. 
Published: December 2013

AimTo determine the outcome of patients that underwent liver resection for metastases from uveal melanoma.MethodsOver a 9‐year period, patients referred with uveal melanoma metastases were included. Following treatment of primary uveal melanoma, high‐risk patients were offered to be enrolled into a 6‐monthly non‐contrast liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) surveillance. Following detection of liver metastases, patients were staged with a contrast‐enhanced (Primovist®) liver MRI, computer tomography (CT) of the thorax and staging laparoscopy.Results155 patients were referred with uveal melanoma liver metastases, of which 17 (11.0%) patients had liver resection and one patient was treated with percutaneous radio‐frequency ablation. The majority of patients undergoing liver resection were treated with multiple metastectomies (n = 8) and three patients had major liver resections. The overall median survival for patients treated with surgery/ablation was 27 (14–90) months, and this was significantly better compared to patients treated palliatively [median = 8(1–30) months, P < 0.001]. Following surgery, 11 patients had recurrent disease [median = 13(6–36) months]. Patients who had undergone a major liver resection had a significantly poorer disease‐free survival (P = 0.037).ConclusionsPatients who can undergo surgical resection for metastatic uveal melanoma have a more favorable survival compared to those who do not. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:542–547. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determining the Critical Success Factors of the Wine Tourism Region of Napa from a Supply Perspective
Authors: Jones Marjorie F. , Singh Neha , Hsiung Yvonne 
Published: December 2013

AbstractNapa is a renowned region for wine tourism and demonstrates how wine can be an instrument to develop tourism. The purpose of this research is to identify the critical success factors that have shaped the area's rise and growth, and its unique competitiveness in both the domestic and global marketplaces for wine tourism destinations. The findings from the research provide the foundation for a proposed conceptual model of success factors in wine tourism research and as insight to practitioners/suppliers. Findings reveal an aligned marketing effort and strategic partnerships among suppliers of Napa wine tourism. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
31P MR spectroscopic imaging combined with 1H MR spectroscopic imaging in the human prostate using a double tuned endorectal coil at 7T
Authors: Luttje Mariska P. , Italiaander Michel G. M. , Arteaga de Castro Catalina S. , van der Kemp Wybe J. M. , Luijten Peter R. , van Vulpen Marco , van der Heide Uulke A. , Klomp Dennis W. J. 
Published: December 2013

PurposeImproved diagnostic sensitivity could be obtained in cancer detection and staging when individual compounds of the choline pool can be detected. Therefore, a novel coil design is proposed, providing the ability to acquire both 1H and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in patients with prostate cancer.MethodsA two‐element 1H/31P endorectal coil was designed by adjusting a commercially available 3T endorectal coil. The two‐element coil setup was interfaced as a transceiver to a whole body 7T MR scanner. Simulations and phantom measurements were performed to compare the efficiency of the coil. 1H MRSI and 31P MRSI were acquired in vivo in prostate cancer patients.ResultsThe efficiency of the 1H/31P coil is comparable to the dual channel 1H coil previously published. Individually distinguishable phospholipid metabolites in the in vivo 31P spectra were: phosphoethanolamine, phosphocholine, phosphate, glycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocreatine, and adenosine triposphate. 1H MRSI was performed within the same scan session, visualizing choline, polyamines, creatine, and citrate.Conclusion1H MRSI and 31P MRSI can be acquired in the human prostate at 7T within the same scan session using an endorectal coil matched and tuned for 1H (quadrature) and 31P (linear) without the need of cable traps and with negligible efficiency losses in the 1H and 31P channel. Magn Reson Med 72:1516–1521, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.