bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel antimicrobial applications of copper oxide nanoparticles after combination with tissue conditioner used in complete prostheses
Authors: Nikanjam Saeed , Yeganegi Aria , Alikhani Mohammad-Yousef , Farmany Abbas , Ghiasian Seyed Amir , Hasanzade Roghayeh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Tissue conditioners are used for treating and improving the tissues supporting complete dentures. On the other hand, recent advances in nanotechnology have revolutionized various fields of science, including dentistry. The present study aimed to investigate novel antimicrobial applications of copper oxide nanoparticle-based tissue conditioner used in complete prostheses.

Methods
The present experimental study included 126 tissue conditioner samples with different concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles (20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.625%, and 0% w/w). The samples were incubated with Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans in 24-well plates for 24 h. Then, samples from the wells were re-incubated for 24 h, and the microorganisms were counted.

Results
The culture media containing E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa showed significantly different growth between different nanoparticle concentrations following 24 h (P < 0.001), showing a reduction in bacterial growth with increased nanoparticle concentration. Both bacteria did not show any growth at the 20% concentration. However, C. albicans showed significant differences in growth between different nanoparticle concentrations following 48 h (P < 0.001), showing a reduction in growth with increased nanoparticle concentration. Also, the least growth was observed at the 20% concentration.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the CuO nanoparticles were prepared using a green synthesis methon in the suitable sizes. Moreover, the tissue conditioners containing CuO nanoparticles showed acceptable antimicrobial properties against E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans.
Translating, adapting, and validating the medical student version of the patient care ownership scale for use in Japan
Authors: Fujikawa Hirohisa , Hayashi Mikio , Son Daisuke , Kondo Kayo , Eto Masato 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Patient care ownership (PCO) among medical students is a growing area in the field of medical education. While PCO has received increasing attention, there are no instruments to assess PCO in the context of Japanese undergraduate medical education. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the PCO Scale – Medical students (PCOS-S) in the Japanese context.

Methods
We collected survey data from fifth- and sixth-grade medical students from five different universities varying in location and type. Structural validity, convergent validity, and internal consistency reliability were examined.

Results
Data from 122 respondents were analyzed. Factor analysis of the Japanese PCOS-S revealed three factors with Cronbach’s alpha values exceeding the satisfactory criterion (0.70). A positive correlation was observed between the total Japanese PCOS-S scores and the global rating scores for the clinical department as a learning environment (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.61).

Conclusions
We conducted the translation of the PCOS-S into Japanese and assessed its psychometric properties. The Japanese version has good reliability and validity. This instrument has potential value in assessing the development of medical students’ PCO.
Exploring the safety reporting culture among healthcare practitioners in Saudi hospitals: a comprehensive 2022 national study
Authors: Alkahf Dyma , Alonazi Wadi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
With the rise in medical errors, establishing a strong safety culture and an effective incident reporting system is crucial. As part of the Saudi National Health Transformation Vision of 2030, multiple projects have been initiated to periodically assess healthcare quality measures and ensure a commitment to continuous improvement. Among these is the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture National Project (HSPSC), conducted regularly by the Saudi Patient Safety Center (SPSC). However, comprehensive tools for assessing reporting culture are lacking. Addressing this gap can enhance reporting, efficiency, and health safety.

Objective
This paper aims to investigate the reporting practices among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Saudi Arabian hospitals and examine the relationship between reporting culture domains and other variables such as hospital bed capabilities and HCPs’ work positions.

Methods
The study focuses on measuring the reporting culture-related items measures and employs secondary data analysis using information from the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture conducted by the Saudi Center for Patient Safety in 2022, encompassing hospitals throughout Saudi Arabia. Data incorporated seven items in total: four items related to the Response to Error Domain, two related to the Reporting Patient Safety Events Domain, and one associated with the number of events reported in the past 12 months.

Results
The sample for the analyzed data included 145,657 HCPs from 392 hospitals. The results showed that the average positive response rates for reporting culture-related items were between 50% and 70%. In addition, the research indicated that favorable response rates were relatively higher among managerial and quality/patient safety/risk management staff. In contrast, almost half had not reported any events in the preceding year, and a quarter reported only 1 or 2 events. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrates a strong negative correlation between bed capacity and reporting safety events, response to error, and number of events reported (r = -0.935, -0.920, and − 0.911, respectively; p < 0.05), while a strong positive correlation is observed between reporting safety events and response to error (r = 0.980; p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Almost 75% of the HCPs reported fewer safety events over the last 12 months, indicating an unexpectedly minimal recorded occurrence variance ranging from 0 to 2 incidents.
Effect of empagliflozin on ventricular arrhythmias in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: the EMPA-ICD trial
Authors: Fujiki Shinya , Iijima Kenichi , Nakagawa Yoshihisa , Takahashi Kazuyoshi , Okabe Masaaki , Kusano Kengo , Owada Shingen , Kondo Yusuke , Tsujita Kenichi , Shimizu Wataru , Tomita Hirofumi , Watanabe Masaya , Shoda Morio , Watanabe Masafumi , Tokano Takashi , Murohara Toyoaki , Kaneshiro Takashi , Kato Takeshi , Hayashi Hidemori , Maemura Koji , Niwano Shinichi , Umemoto Tomio , Yoshida Hisako , Ota Keiko , Tanaka Takahiro , Kitamura Nobutaka , Node Koichi , Minamino Tohru ,   for the EMPA ICD investigators
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death with type 2 diabetes; however, their effect on arrhythmias is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of empagliflozin on ventricular arrhythmias in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
A total of 150 patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (ICD/CRT-D) were randomized to once-daily empagliflozin or placebo for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in the number of ventricular arrhythmias from the 24 weeks before to the 24 weeks during treatment. Secondary endpoints included the change in the number of appropriate device discharges and other values.

Results
In the empagliflozin group, the number of ventricular arrhythmias recorded by ICD/CRT-D decreased by 1.69 during treatment compared to before treatment, while in the placebo group, the number increased by 1.79. The coefficient for the between-group difference was − 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] − 1.29 to − 0.86; P < 0.001). The change in the number of appropriate device discharges during and before treatment was 0.06 in the empagliflozin group and 0.27 in the placebo group, with no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.204). Empagliflozin was associated with an increase in blood ketones and hematocrit and a decrease in blood brain natriuretic peptide and body weight.

Conclusions
In patients with type 2 diabetes treated with ICD/CRT-D, empagliflozin reduces the number of ventricular arrhythmias compared with placebo.
Trial registration jRCTs031180120.
A call from 40 public health scientists for an end to the continuing humanitarian and environmental catastrophe in Gaza
Authors: London Leslie , Watterson Andrew , Mergler Donna , Albin Maria , Andrade-Rivas Federico , Ciaula Agostino Di , Comba Pietro , Giannasi Fernanda , Habib Rima R , Hay Alastair , Hoppin Jane , Infante Peter , Jeebhay Mohamed , Kelsey Karl , Kim Rokho , Lemen Richard , Lipscomb Hester , Lynge Elsebeth , Magnani Corrado , Monforton Celeste , Nemery Benoit , Ngowi Vera , Nowak Dennis , Nuwayhid Iman , Oliver Christine , Ozonoff David , Paek Domyung , Petrosyan Varduhi , Portier Christopher J , Ritz Beate , Rosenstock Linda , Ruff Kathleen , Sly Peter , Soffritti Morando , Soskolne Colin L. , Suk William , Terracini Benedetto , Vainio Harri Uolevi , Vineis Paolo , White Roberta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn under-recognised aspect of the current humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza is the impact of the war on the environment and the associated risks for human health. This commentary contextualises these impacts against the background of human suffering produced by the overwhelming violence associated with the use of military force against the general population of Gaza. In calling for an immediate cessation to the violence, the authors draw attention to the urgent need to rebuild the health care system and restore the physical and human infrastructure that makes a liveable environment possible and promotes human health and well-being, especially for the most vulnerable in the population. Environmental remediation should therefore form one of the most important parts of international efforts to assist reconstruction, through which we hope Palestinians and Israelis will achieve lasting peace, health, and sustainable development, all as part of accepted international human rights obligations.
Venous resection increases risk of chyle leak after total pancreatectomy for pancreatic tumors
Authors: Li Tianyu , Lin Chen , Zhao Bangbo , Li Zeru , Zhao Yutong , Han Xianlin , Dai Menghua , Guo Junchao , Wang Weibin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Existing research on chyle leak (CL) after pancreatic surgery is mostly focused on pancreaticoduodenectomy and lacks investigation on total pancreatectomy (TP). This study aimed to explore potential risk factors of CL and develop a predictive model for patients with pancreatic tumor undergoing TP.

Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 90 consecutive patients undergoing TP from January 2015 to December 2023 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. According to the inclusion criteria, 79 patients were finally included in the following analysis. The LASSO regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors associated with CL and construct a predictive nomogram. Then, the ROC analysis, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC) were performed to assess its discrimination, accuracy, and efficacy. Due to the small sample size, we adopted the bootstrap resampling method with 500 repetitions for validation. Lastly, we plotted and analyzed the trend of postoperative drainage volume in CL patients.

Results
We revealed that venous resection (OR = 4.352, 95%CI 1.404–14.04, P = 0.011) was an independent risk factor for CL after TP. Prolonged operation time (OR = 1.473, 95%CI 1.015–2.237, P = 0.052) was also associated with an increased incidence of CL. We included these two factors in our prediction model. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.752 (95%CI 0.622–0.874) after bootstrap. The calibration curve, DCA and CIC showed great accuracy and clinical benefit of our nomogram. In patients with CL, the mean drainage volume was significantly higher in venous resection group and grade B CL group.

Conclusion
Venous resection was an independent risk factor for chyle leak after TP. Patients undergoing vascular resection during TP should be alert for the occurrence of CL after surgery. We then constructed a nomogram consisted of venous resection and operation time to predict the odds of CL in patients undergoing TP.
Evolution and implications of SARS-CoV-2 variants in the post-pandemic era
Authors: Manirambona Emery , Okesanya Olalekan John , Olaleke Noah Olabode , Oso Tolutope Adebimpe , Lucero-Prisno Don Eliseo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSARS-CoV-2, the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic, has introduced a challenging era characterized by the persistent emergence of subvariants. Even after the World Health Organization announced the end of the pandemic, the virus continues to evolve, posing significant challenges to public health responses. This comprehensive review examines the multifaceted impacts of these subvariants, emphasizing their significance across diverse dimensions. SARS-CoV-2 has genetic variability, especially at the spike protein region, which has given rise to Variants of Concern, including Beta, Delta, Gamma, Alpha, and the highly mutable Omicron, which differently exhibit varying levels of immune evasion, disease severity, and transmissibility. Subvariants within the Omicron lineage, including BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, and others, further complicate the landscape with distinct genetic signatures and varying infectivity levels. The impacts extend to diagnostic techniques, treatment strategies, and vaccine effectiveness, underscoring the need for a comprehensive public health response emphasizing preventive measures, genomic surveillance, and vaccination campaigns. Sustaining these interventions is critical, necessitating long-term strategies considering socio-political factors, community involvement, continuous adaptation of healthcare approaches, robust monitoring, and sustainable public health interventions to effectively combat the virus's ever-changing landscape.
Effect of scapular posterior tilting exercise on scapular muscle activities in men and women with a rounded shoulder posture
Authors: Gu Qian , Pan Longlu , Yu Lijun , Jiang Qin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRound-shoulder posture (RSP) is a common postural condition, characterized by protraction, downward rotation, anterior tilting and internal rotation of the scapula. RSP can lead to shoulder dysfunction. Different methods have been proposed for rehabilitating and correcting the altered posture in RSP including stretching, strengthening exercises, and shoulder brace or taping. However, the findings are controversial and studies are ongoing to develop more effective method. The present study is aimed at investigating the effects of scapular posterior tilting (SPT) exercise in different support positions on scapular muscle activities in men and women with RSP. In a prospective observational clinical study, we assessed demographic, basic clinical parameters and study variables of the subjects with RSP (n = 20) (men/women = 9/11) attending Daegu University in Gyeongsan, South Korea. To do so, we compared electromyographic (EMG) activities of lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles between men and women with RSP during SPT exercise on four different support surfaces to determine any difference in the EMG activities. The results revealed that women showed significant differences in EMG activities in the lower and left upper trapezius and serratus anterior muscles, while men showed significant differences in EMG activity only in the lower trapezius muscle during SPT exercise on four different surfaces (P < 0.05). The post-hoc analysis revealed significantly greater EMG activity values in the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles during SPT exercise on the upper body unstable surface and whole-body unstable surface (p < 0.05). Independent t-tests after the Bonferroni correction showed no significant differences in muscle activities between men and women on the four different surfaces (p > 0.0125).
Comparative effectiveness of cortical bone trajectory screws and pedicle screws in the treatment of adjacent segment degeneration after lumbar fusion surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shang Qisong , Luan Haopeng , Peng Cong , Song Xinghua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the efficacy and safety of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw and pedicle screw (PS) internal fixation in the treatment of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) after lumbar fusion.

Methods
This study was registered on International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (ID: CRD42023484937). We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang Database, and Wei Pu Database by computer to collect controlled clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw and pedicle screw (PS) internal fixation in the treatment of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) after lumbar fusion from database establishment to November 2023. Two researchers screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies, recorded the authors, and sample size, and extracted the intraoperative blood loss, operation time, Oswestry disability index (ODI), Visual analogue scale (VAS), disc height (DH), hospital length stay and complications in each study. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4 software provided by Cochrane Library.

Results
A total of 6 cohort studies (CS) and 1 randomized controlled study with a total of 420 patients were included in this study, including 188 patients in the CBT group and 232 patients in the PS group. The CBT group had lower intraoperative blood loss than the PS group [mean difference (MD) = -129.38, 95% CI (-177.22, -81.55), P < 0.00001] and operation time was shorter than that of the PS group [MD = -1.42, 95% CI (-2.63, -0.20), P = 0.02]. Early postoperative back and leg pain improved more significantly in the CBT group [MD = -0.77, 95% CI (-1.35, -0.19), P = 0.01; MD = -0.24, 95% CI (-0.37, -0.10), P = 0.0005].

Conclusion
Compared with PS, CBT for adjacent segment degeneration after lumbar fusion has the advantages of less intraoperative blood loss, shorter operation time, and less back and leg pain in the early postoperative period.
The importance of mother-child interaction on smart device usage and behavior outcomes among toddlers: a longitudinal study
Authors: Chakranon Pairote , Huang Jian-Pei , Au Heng-Kien , Lin Chen-Li , Chen Yi-Yung , Mao Shih-Peng , Lin Wen-Yi , Zou Ming-Lun , Estinfort Wanda , Chen Yi-Hua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, smart devices have become an integral part of daily life. However, longitudinal studies, particularly those regarding the relationship between toddlers’ smart device usage and behavioral outcomes, are limited. Understanding the impact of parent–child interactions on this relationship is crucial for enhancing toddlers’ developmental outcomes. Accordingly, this study examined the influence of early screen time and media content exposure on toddlers’ behaviors, as well as the positive effects of mother–child interactions on this influence.

Methods
We used relevant data related to 277 children born between November 2016 and July 2020 and who were part of an ongoing prospective follow-up study conducted across five hospitals in Taipei City, Taiwan. We analyzed (1) data from maternal reports regarding children’s behavior by using the Child Behavior Checklist (for ages 11/2–5 years), (2) assessments of mother–child interactions by using the Brigance Parent–Child Interactions Scale, and (3) self-reported parental data covering the first 3 postpartum years. Statistical analyses involved group-based trajectory modeling and multiple linear regression.

Results
A considerable increase in screen time between the ages of 1 and 3 years was associated with less favorable behavioral outcomes at age 3. These outcomes included somatic complaints [adjusted beta coefficient (aβ) = 2.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.39–3.95, p-value = 0.01], withdrawal (aβ = 2.42, 95% CI = 0.15–4.69, p-value = 0.04), and aggressive behavior (aβ = 6.53, 95% CI = 0.25–12.81, p-value = 0.04). This association was particularly evident among children with lower levels of mother–child interaction. Nevertheless, positive mother–child interactions mitigated most of the adverse effects. Additionally, increased exposure to games and cartoons was associated with poorer behavioral outcomes in all children except for those experiencing positive mother–child interactions.

Conclusion
Early mother–child interactions play a crucial role in mitigating the risk of behavioral problems in toddlers who spend prolonged periods looking at screens and who are frequently exposed to game and cartoon content.
Cerebellar damage with inflammation upregulates oxytocin receptor expression in Bergmann Glia
Authors: Inutsuka Ayumu , Hattori Aisa , Yoshida Masahide , Takayanagi Yuki , Onaka Tatsushi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe cerebellum plays an important role in cognitive and social functioning. Childhood damage in the cerebellum increases the risk of autism spectrum disorder. Cerebellar inflammation induces social avoidance in mice. Oxytocin regulates social relationship and expression pattern of the oxytocin receptor in the brain is related to social behaviors. However, the expression patterns of the oxytocin receptor in the cerebellum remain controversial. Here, we report that the expression patterns of the oxytocin receptor in the cerebellum are highly variable among knock-in transgenic lines. We used Oxtr-Cre knock-in mice combined with a fluorescent reporter line and found that oxytocin receptor expression in Bergmann glia was more variable than that in Purkinje cells. We found that physical damage with inflammation induced the selective upregulation of the oxytocin receptor in Bergmann glia. Our findings indicate high variability in oxytocin receptor expression in the cerebellum and suggest that the oxytocin receptor can affect neural processing in pathological conditions, such as inflammation.
Copenhagen Mesenteric stent study (COMESS)—a randomized trial of stent versus covered stent treatment for chronic mesenteric ischemia
Authors: Brandtzäg Alexandra A. , Eiberg Jonas P. , Lönn Lars , Taudorf Mikkel , Resch Timothy A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Current management of mesenteric ischemia is primarily endovascular stent treatment. Typical CMI symptoms are postprandial abdominal pain, food fear, weight loss, and diarrhea. Revascularization is often necessary, as mesenteric ischemia may progress to bowel necrosis and death if left untreated. This study aims to compare the outcome using bare metal stent (BMS) or covered stent (CS) in the endovascular treatment of chronic and acute on chronic mesenteric ischemia.

Methods
This is an investigator-driven, prospective, randomized, single-blinded, and single-center, national cohort study at the Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark. A total of 98 patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) and acute-on-chronic mesenteric ischemia (AoCMI) will be randomized to treatment with either BeSmooth BMS (Bentley Innomed GmbH) or BeGraft CS (Bentley Innomed GmbH). Randomization occurs intraoperatively after lesion crossing.

Discussion
There is currently no published data from prospective controlled trials regarding the preferred type of stent used for the treatment of chronic and acute-on-chronic mesenteric ischemia. This trial will evaluate the short- and long-term outcome of BMS versus CS when treating CMI and AoCMI, as well as the benefit of a more intense postoperative surveillance program.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05244629. Registered on February 8, 2022.