bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production and partial purification of an innovative heat resistant α-keratinase with some remarkable medical and industrial applications
Authors: Esmail Safi S. , Hassan Amira A. , Easa Saadia M. , Ismail Abdel-Mohsen S. 
Published: August 2024

Background and objectives
Keratinase has ultimate practical importance in industry, medicine, food industry and waste management fields. Their applications in wool and silk are as good cleaners and in leather industry as the best ever green dehairing agents providing high leather quality, as well they are used as crucial components of sophisticated detergents. Their medical prospective applications are in prion degradation and human callus removal. They convert keratinaceous wastes to valuable products saving the environment from hard keratin waste pollution. Bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes are effective keratinase producers and they are considered the most suitable sources. This study aims to formulate the production medium and to pinpoint the proper physiological conditions for the potent microorganism producing an efficient α-keratinase enzyme. The partial purification of the crude enzyme was successfully performed. The effect of the reaction temperature on both the crude and the partially purified enzyme (PPE) was duly studied with the thermostability of PPE. Some important applications have been implemented on PPE and these include leather dehairing, cloth stain removal, and topical treatment of human callus.

Materials and Methods
Thirteen recommended microbial strains were screened for effective and applicable α-keratinase productivity. Optimization of the cultural conditions for extracellular enzyme production and also the partial purification of the crude enzyme by ammonium sulphate salting out or by ethanol or acetone precipitation were carried out. The effect of reaction temperature on the enzyme and its thermostability were studied. Finally, the efficiency of the PPE on leather dehairing, stain removal, and human callus treatment was explored.

Results and conclusion
Among the 13 organisms screened, the fungal strain Trichoderma polysporum HZ-31 was the most potent producer of an influencial α-keratinase. The maximum α-keratinase activity of 58.2 UmL−1 was obtained by the previous-mentioned strain after 5-days fermentation medium containing (%, w/v): whole chicken feathers 0.5, glucose 0.2, peptone 0.5, yeast extract 0.5, K2HPO4 0.1, KH2PO4 0.3, CaCl2 0.1, MgSO4 0.1, and pH 7.0. Acetone fractionation of the crude keratinase was the most proper and offered the most promising keratinase fraction PPE at 80–90% acetone. This fraction had high thermostability and was kept at 55°C for more than 98% of its original activity after 60 min heating and this temperature (55°C) was also the optimum for 2 h enzymatic reaction. Conclusively, the present study succeeded in the achievement of a constitutive extracellular alkaline α-keratinase, which successfully proceeded to complete leather unhairing after 12–16 h at 37°C, afforded high performance to cloth blood stain removal with Arial detergent after 2 h at 50°C and complete degradation of the human callus after 4 h at 50°C.
Red-pigment production by Talaromyces atroroseus TRP–NRC from soybean mill via solid-state fermentation
Authors: Fadel Mohamed , Elkhateeb Yomna A.M. 
Published: August 2024

Background
Color of food is important to appear its freshness, safety, good processing esthetic, and nutritional values. In the recent years, production of biopigments from natural sources as an important alternative to harmful synthetic dyes is of worldwide interest.

Objective
This study focused on the production of red pigment from local isolated fungus Talaromyces atroroseus TRP–NRC by cultivation and optimization of production on soybean mill under solid-state fermentation system.

Materials and methods
A novel local non-mycotoxin-producing fungus T. atroroseus TRP–NRC, which is isolated from Egyptian compost and deposited in the gene bank under accession number MW282329, was grown on some agricultural wastes producing industrially red pigment under solid-state fermentation system. About 250-ml conical flasks containing 5 g of substrate, moistened with moisten solution to demand level. The flasks were sterilized, inoculated, and incubated under static condition at 30°C. Studies were conducted for optimization pigment-production conditions, Solid: moisture ratio was tested, 2% of the different carbon sources and equivalent level of nitrogen mg/g substrate were examined. Various pH was adjusted. The effect of incubation temperature was carried out over a range from 20 to 35°C, and the effect of incubation period on pigment production was studied over a range of 5–14 days. Red pigment was extracted from fermented soybean mill with 90% ethanol, solvent was removed using a rotary vacuum evaporator. Estimation of the extracted pigments was done by measuring the absorbance by spectrophotometer OD value at 500 nm.

Results and conclusions
A novel local non-mycotoxin-producing fungus T. atroroseus TRP–NRC was grown on some agricultural wastes for producing red pigment (0.129 g/g soybean original substrate) that were achieved under solid-state fermentation system. The highest production yield of red pigment was reached where the initial pH value was 2.5, temperature 25°C after 7-day incubation when the fungus cultivated in fermentation vessel occupied by 2% w/v soybean mill moistened at solid : liquid ratio 1 : 3. Production of red biopigment shows the advantage of mannitol supplementation as carbon source with soybean for increasing pigment by fold. Pigment production was affected positively by addition of organic nitrogen, especially yeast extract higher than addition of inorganic sources and NH4HSO4 more suitable than the other tested sources after 7 days. High yield of red pigment (mg/g utilizable soybean) makes the production more economical and encourages to be useful in industrial application.
Repurposing of available antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting crucial replication machinery proteins
Authors: El-Sayed Ahmed F. , Mohammed Amira T. , Hamed Wafy , Abdelmalek Shaymaa 
Published: August 2024

Background and objectives
The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is spreading worldwide rapidly with increasing incidence rates. Due to lack of effective treatments and vaccines, various drug repurposing studies are being developed. Searching for available antiviral drug libraries is the best and fast option to advance to clinical trials and spread their application among infected patients.

Materials and methods
Molecular docking study was performed utilizing AutoDock 4.2 system and Discovery Studio 4.5, which were utilized to predict the activity pocket of the target proteins.

Results and conclusion
The results found that the interacting affinities resulted from the molecular simulation of 3CL protease with ligands Ledipasvir, Sofosbuvir, Ribavirin, Galidesivir, Tenofovir, and Remdesivir were −7.2, −7.4, −7.2, −6.3, −6.1 and −6.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Similarly, the interacting energies obtained from the docking of RNA helicase with ligands were −7.9, −7.4, −6.4, −7.9, −6.2, and −6.9 kcal/mol. Also, the binding energies obtained from the docking of 3′-5′ exoribonuclease with ligands were −10.6, −10.1, −6.5, −7.1, −6.1, and −9.3 kcal/mol. Finally, the binding energies score from the docking of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with ligands was −9.6, −6.9, −6.2, −6.6, −6.7, and −6.4 kcal/mol. Based on the binding energy score and docking result, Ledipasvir and Sofosbuvir have a higher affinity of the drug molecule such as against RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, exonuclease, and 3CL protease. Besides, Ledipasvir and Galidesivir show prominent binding interaction with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA helicase. The results are promising for evaluated drugs especially Ledipasvir and Sofosbuvir and could be useful in emergency treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 patients.
The antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus isolated from vagina against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Jameel Aleaa A. , Abdullah Amenah R. , Hussein Sahar I. 
Published: August 2024

Background
Bacterial infections caused by the genus Staphylococcus represent a grave threat to both humans and animals, and they are a major concern to health authorities. Over the past few decades, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been recognized as the principal nosocomial pathogen worldwide.

Objective
To investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus against locally isolated MRSA at different concentrations.

Materials and methods
MRSA isolates were tested against some antibiotics for testing antibiotic sensitivity. The antibacterial activity of L. acidophilus based on the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L. acidophilus that inhibits the visible growth of MRSA isolates was assessed using the microdilution method. Estimation of MIC of L. acidophilus was done. Biofilm quantification assay was then used for the determination of the antibiofilm activity of L. acidophilus. The MIC concentration was assessed by a microtiter reader.

Results and conclusion
The antibacterial activity was tested by agar diffusion method and broth microdilution method. The microdilution method was used to determine the MIC of L. acidophilus, whereas the antibiofilm activity was determined by using 96-well polystyrene microtiter plates. The results revealed that L. acidophilus has antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The average diameter zone of inhibition observed against MRSA isolates ranged from 11±0.5 to 18±0.5 mm Moreover, at subinhibitory concentration, this extract developed an isolate-specific antibiofilm effect and presented highly significant (P<0.05) variability in biofilm formation before and after addition of L. acidophilus. AA3 and AA12 isolates gave the lowest and highest antibiofilm activity, respectively. In conclusion, the supernatant of L. acidophilus is a promising alternative medication that can be used to treat the infection caused by MRSA.
A retrospective study on the outcome of sepsis among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary care hospital in Western India
Authors: Das Sayan Kumar , Prajapati Nisha 
Published: August 2024

Background:
In underdeveloped nations, sepsis is one of the main causes of newborn death. A timely detection of this can reduce the burden of neonatal mortality as well as morbidity.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognosis of sepsis at a tertiary care facility in Western India to identify risk factors and increase infant survival rates.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on neonates admitted between November 16, 2021, and November 15, 2022 (for 1 year duration), at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar. A dataset was created consisting of neonates with the final diagnosis of sepsis, and the outcome was analyzed based on various parameters.

Results:
Out of 1309 NICU admissions, 130 (9.93%) were sepsis cases. Out of 130 sepsis cases, 72 (55.38%) were male and 58 (44.62%) were female, 62 (47.69%) were inborn and 68 (52.31%) were outborn, and 26 (20%) cases were low birth weight (LBW), 18 (13.84%) were very LBW, 12 (9.23%) were extreme LBW, and 74 (56.92%) were normal birth weight neonates. Out of 130 sepsis cases, 84 (64.61%) cases were preterm, and 46 (35.39%) cases were full-term. In 105 cases, out of 130 total sepsis patients, pathogens were isolated. The most common organism was Staphylococcus (62 cases/59.04%).

Conclusion:
According to this study, the likelihood of developing sepsis was inversely associated with birth weight. A high percentage of neonatal sepsis cases (9.93%) were found, where 96 (73.84%) neonates were successfully discharged. This study is helpful to identify multiple risk factors such as preterm (64.61%), male gender (55.35%), and outborn (52.31%). Antibiotic susceptibility pattern reveals that more number of resistance cases will be coming, posing a serious threat of neonatal sepsis morbidity.
Direct visualization of postoperative aortobronchial fistula on computed tomography
Authors: Tsuchiya Nanae , Inafuku Hitoshi , Yogi Satoko , Iraha Yuko , Iida Gyo , Ando Mizuki , Nagano Takaaki , Higa Shotaro , Maeda Tatsuya , Kise Yuya , Furukawa Kojiro , Yonemoto Koji , Nishie Akihiro 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Postoperative aortobronchial fistula (ABF) is a rare complication that can occur in 0.3%-5.0% of patients over an extended period of time after thoracic aortic surgery. Direct visualization of the fistula via imaging is rare.
AIM
To investigate the relationship between computed tomography (CT) findings and the clinical signs/symptoms of ABF after thoracic aortic surgery.
METHODS
Six patients (mean age 71 years, including 4 men and 2 women) with suspected ABF on CT (air around the graft) at our hospital were included in this retrospective study between January 2004 and September 2022. Chest CT findings included direct confirmation of ABF, peri-graft fluid, ring enhancement, dirty fat sign, atelectasis, pulmonary hemorrhage, and bronchodilation, and the clinical course were retrospectively reviewed. The proportion of each type of CT finding was calculated.
RESULTS
ABF detection after surgery was found to have a mean and median of 14 and 13 years, respectively. Initial signs and symptoms were asymptomatic in 4 patients, bloody sputum was found in 1 patient, and fever was present in 1 patient. The complications of ABF included graft infection in 2 patients and graft infection with hemoptysis in 2 patients. Of the 6 patients, 3 survived, 2 died, and 1 was lost to follow-up. The locations of the ABFs were as follows: 1 in the ascending aorta; 1 in the aortic arch; 2 in the aortic arch leading to the descending aorta; and 2 in the descending aorta. ABFs were directly confirmed by CT in 4/6 (67%) patients. Peri-graft dirty fat (4/6, 67%) and peri-graft ring enhancement (3/6, 50%) were associated with graft infection, endoleaks and pseudoaneurysms were associated with hemoptysis (2/6, 33%).
CONCLUSION
Asymptomatic ABF after thoracic aortic surgery can be confirmed on chest CT. CT is useful for the diagnosis of ABF and its complications.
Sixth cranial nerve palsy in giant cell arteritis: A systematic review
Authors: Sawada Haruki , Nishimura Yoshito , Tamaki Hiromichi 
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to review and describe isolated sixth cranial nerve or abducens nerve palsy that may present with subtle ophthalmoplegia in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA).
Materials and methods: In this systematic review following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Extension for Scoping Reviews, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for all peer-reviewed articles using the keywords “cranial nerve six,” “abducens nerve,” and “giant cell arteritis” from their inception to December 22, 2022.
Results: Twenty-five articles, including seven observational studies and 18 cases, were included. While the incidence and prevalence of sixth nerve palsy in GCA were variable, up to 48% of diplopia in GCA were attributed to the sixth cranial nerve palsy, according to the observational studies included. While 88.2% had a resolution of symptoms with 40-50 mg/day of prednisone-equivalent corticosteroids, it took a median of 24.5 days until the resolution of symptoms from the initiation of treatment.
Conclusion: This review summarizes the current understanding of the characteristics of sixth nerve palsy in GCA. While most patients may have reversible clinical courses, a few can suffer from persistent ophthalmoplegia, which is a potentially missed yet crucial clinical finding in GCA. Increased awareness of the sixth nerve palsy in GCA is crucial.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KUNJUNGAN POS PEMBINAAN TERPADU (POSBINDU) PENYAKIT TIDAK MENULAR DI KABUPATEN TULANG BAWANG BARAT TAHUN 2020
Authors: Maryati Maryati , Budiati Endang , Noviansyah Noviansyah 
Published: August 2024

Background: The low visit of Posbindu PTM shows the low awareness of community about the importance of Posbindu PTM. It means there is a gap of Posbindu PTM services with the response of the community. Purpose: to know the factors related to Posbindu PTM visit in Tulang Bawang Barat Regency in 2020. Methods: Type of research is quantitative with cross sectional approach. The population is the target of Posbindu (age>15 years) and adopted 439 samples. Data analysis using univariate analysis, bivariate (chi square) multivariate (multiple logistic regression). Results: there is a relationship between knowledge (p=0.000), attitude (p=0.000), education (p=0,000), income (p=0.004), accessibility (p=0.007) and support of health workers (p=0.000) with Posbindu PTM visit. Knowledge is the dominant factor related to Posbindu PTM visits (p = 0.000).Conclusion: Determinant of Posbindu PTM Visit are knowledge, attitude, education, income, accessibility and support of health workers with Posbindu PTM visit, that’s why this research perfecting Standard of operational procedure and disseminating information on hypertonic infusion fluid and monitoring it regularly and continuously.
PENGARUH E-SERVICE QUALITY, KESADARAN MEREK DAN KEPERCAYAAN PELANGGAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN
Authors: Aswira Resfika , Kuswinton Kuswinton 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Teknologi dan informasi berkembang pesat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, seiring dengan meningkatnya kemudahan perkembangan internet, sehingga fungsi internet tidak hanya untuk mencari informasi, tetapi juga untuk membeli secara online. Toko online menawarkan berbagai peluang untuk berbisnis dan menjalankan berbagai kampanye. Loyalitas pelanggan masih menarik untuk dipelajari karena masih banyak artikel di area ini. Saat ini tren transportasi online tidak hanya di kota-kota besar saja, Kota Baubau juga memiliki alat transportasi online bernama Kururio. Dengan bantuan transportasi online, diharapkan para pengemudi ojek dapat lebih mudah menawarkan jasanya tanpa harus berkeliling kota untuk mencari penumpang, maupun pelanggan untuk mencari transportasi yang mereka butuhkan. telah dilaksanakan sejak tahun 2018. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk Cari tahu bagaimana kualitas layanan elektronik mempengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan, untuk mengetahui pengaruh kesadaran merek terhadap loyalitas pelanggan, dan Cari tahu bagaimana kepercayaan pelanggan mempengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa E-service quality, kepercayaan pelanggan dan kesadaran merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan Kururio Kota Baubau.
Kata Kunci: E-Service Quality, Kepercayaan pelanggan, Kesadaran Merek, dan Loyalitas pelanggan

ABSTRACT
Technology and information have developed rapidly in recent years, along with the ease of development of the internet, so that the function of the internet is not only to search for information, but also to buy online. Online shops offer various opportunities to do business and run various campaigns. Customer loyalty is still interesting to study because there are still many articles in this area. At present the online traffic trend is not only in big cities, Baubau City also has an online traffic tool called Kururio. With the help of online transportation, it is hoped that ojek drivers can more easily offer their services without having to go around town looking for passengers, as well as customers looking for the transportation they need. has been carried out since 2018. The purpose of this research is to find out how electronic service quality affects customer loyalty, to determine the effect of brand awareness on customer loyalty, and find out how customer trust affects customer loyalty. The method used in this study is multiple regression. The results of this study indicate that E-service quality, customer trust and brand awareness have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty Kururio Baubau City.
Keywoards: E-Service Quality, Customer Trust, Brand Awareness, and Customer Loyalty
STATUS SOSIAL KELUARGA, LITERASI KEUANGAN TERHADAP MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN INDIVIDU DAN LIFESTYLE
Authors: Budhiartha I Nyoman , Wibowo Agung Edy , A. Nasution M. Nur. , L. Tobing Vargo Christian, , Cahayani Kartika 
Published: August 2024

The social status of a family plays a crucial role in shaping a student's ultimate career aspirations as an individual, as does financial literacy, which an individual acquires from their parents or through learning and experience. A family's social status naturally influences whether a child, as an individual, has better access to financial education or otherwise. Families with a higher social status will certainly provide different opportunities compared to those of lower economic standing. Similarly, strong financial literacy can help individuals manage their personal finances effectively. In this era of disruptive technology, a family's socioeconomic status, financial literacy, and individual financial management models can all impact one's lifestyle. This study aims to analyze the influence of a family's socioeconomic status, financial literacy, and individual financial management on lifestyle. The respondents of this study numbered 123. The results indicate that family social status affects individual financial management, financial literacy affects individual financial management, family social status affects lifestyle, financial literacy affects lifestyle, and individual financial management affects lifestyle. Additionally, individual financial management mediates the relationship between family social status and lifestyle, as well as between financial literacy and lifestyle.

Keywords: Family social status, Financial literacy, Individual financial management, Lifestyle
Penahanan Terhadap Terdakwa Anak Melakukan Kekerasan Terhadap Anak (Studi Kasus : Putusan Nomor 1/PID.Sus/2022/PN.Bdw)
Authors: Alfarisi Charis , Ubaidillah Lutfian 
Published: August 2024

Anak yang terlibat dalam perkara pidana, baik sebagai korban, saksi, maupun tersangka atau terdakwa, berhak memperoleh perlindungan hukum, terutama ketika dilakukan upaya paksa seperti penangkapan atau penahanan. Penahanan terhadap tersangka atau terdakwa anak berbeda dengan terdakwa dewasa karena ada ketentuan khusus yang berlaku. tujuan dari penelita ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hakim dalam mengeluarkan penetapan penahanan terhadap anak. Metode Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan Undang-Undang (Statute approach), pendekatan kasus (Case approach), dan pendekatan konseptual (Conceptual approach) dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa syarat Penahanan terhadap anak terdapat didalam Pasal 32 ayat (2) dan ayat (3) Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2012 tentang SPPA. Merujuk pada surat penetapan Penahanan yang tahap pertama dan kedua hakim mempertimbangkan dalil dengan Pasal 80 ayat (2) Undang-undang No. 23 Tahun 2002 tentang UU perlindungan anak, maka seharusnya tidak dilakukan Penahanan karena Dakwaan tidak lebih dari 7 (tujuh) tahun.