bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ribonuclease inhibitor 1 emerges as a potential biomarker and modulates inflammation and iron homeostasis in sepsis
Authors: Neu Carolina , Beckers Christian , Frank Nadine , Thomas Katharina , Bartneck Matthias , Simon Tim-Philipp , Mossanen Jana , Peters Kimmo , Singendonk Tobias , Martin Lukas , Marx Gernot , Kraemer Sandra , Zechendorf Elisabeth 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSepsis, marked by organ dysfunction, necessitates reliable biomarkers. Ribonuclease inhibitor 1 (RNH1), a ribonuclease (RNase) inhibitor, emerged as a potential biomarker for acute kidney injury and mortality in thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm patients. Our study investigates RNH1 dynamics in sepsis, its links to mortality and organ dysfunction, and the interplay with RNase 1 and RNase 5. Furthermore, we explore RNH1 as a therapeutic target in sepsis-related processes like inflammation, non-canonical inflammasome activation, and iron homeostasis. We showed that RNH1 levels are significantly higher in deceased patients compared to sepsis survivors and correlate with creatine kinase, aspartate and alanine transaminase, bilirubin, serum creatinine and RNase 5, but not RNase 1. RNH1 mitigated LPS-induced TNFα and RNase 5 secretion, and relative mRNA expression of ferroptosis-associated genes HMOX1, FTH1 and HAMP in PBMCs. Monocytes were identified as the predominant type of LPS-positive PBMCs. Exogenous RNH1 attenuated LPS-induced CASP5 expression, while increasing IL-1β secretion in PBMCs and THP-1 macrophages. As RNH1 has contradictory effects on inflammation and non-canonical inflammasome activation, its use as a therapeutic agent is limited. However, RNH1 levels may play a central role in iron homeostasis during sepsis, supporting our clinical observations. Hence, RNH1 shows promise as biomarkers for renal and hepatic dysfunction and hepatocyte injury, and may be useful in predicting the outcome of septic patients.
Life’s Essential 8 is inversely associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
Authors: Hebib Lana , Herraiz-Adillo Ángel , Higueras-Fresnillo Sara , Berglind Daniel , Daka Bledar , Wennberg Patrik , Hagström Emil , Lenander Cecilia , Ahlqvist Viktor H. , Östgren Carl Johan , Rådholm Karin , Henriksson Pontus 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLife’s Essential 8 (LE8) is a score that includes modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Four health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure and sleep health) and four health factors (non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, blood pressure and body mass index) are included. These modifiable risk factors promote inflammation, and inflammation is one of the biological mechanisms of cardiovascular disease development. Thus, we examined the relationship between cardiovascular health measured by LE8 and low-grade inflammation measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the cross-sectional population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). The study consisted of 28,010 participants between 50 and 64 years (51.5% women, mean age 57.5 years). All individual LE8 components were assigned a score between 0 (unhealthy) and 100 (healthy) points, and a global score was calculated. The association between LE8 scores and high-risk hs-CRP (defined as > 3.0 mg/L) was analyzed using adjusted logistic regression with spline analyses. There was a strong, dose response and inverse association between LE8 scores and levels of hs-CRP. Thus, those with a low LE8 score (= 50.0 points) had 5.8 higher (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.2–6.4) odds ratio (OR) of having high hs-CRP as compared to those with a high LE8 score (= 80.0 points). In conclusion, our findings show strong inverse associations between LE8 scores and levels of hs-CRP.
Optimizing electric vehicle powertrains peak performance with robust predictive direct torque control of induction motors: a practical approach and experimental validation
Authors: Kasri Amel , Ouari Kamel , Belkhier Youcef , Bajaj Mohit , Zaitsev Ievgen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEnhancing the efficiency of the electric vehicle’s powertrain becomes a crucial focus, wherein the control system for the traction motor plays a significant role. This paper presents a novel electric vehicle traction motor control system based on a robust predictive direct torque control approach, an improved version of the conventional DTC, where the traditional switching table and the hysteresis regulators are substituted with a predictive block based on an optimization algorithm. Additionally, a robust predictive speed loop regulator is employed instead of the proportional-integral regulator, which integrates a new cost function with a finite horizon, incorporating integral action into the control law based on a Taylor series expansion. This technique’s primary benefit is its independence from the necessity to measure and observe external disturbances, as well as uncertainties related to parameters. The effectiveness of the suggested system was confirmed through simulation and experimental results under the OPAL-RT platform. The findings indicate that the proposed approach outperforms the conventional method in terms of rejecting disturbances, exhibiting robustness to variations in parameters, and minimizing torque ripple.
Development of In-Water Scalable Process for the Preparation of [2-(3-Bromo-2-methylphenyl)-7-chloro-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl]methanol, a Key Intermediate in the Synthesis of Potent PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors
Authors: Prueksaritanont Thomayant , Rattanangkool Eakkaphon , Srisa Jakkrit , Deesiri Sirikan , Soponpong Jakapun , Wacharasindhu Sumrit , Vilaivan Tirayut 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe propose a synthetic process for the preparation of a benzoxazole building block for a programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitor that is a candidate currently under clinical investigation for cancer treatment. Our research focused on searching for mild, scalable, and ecofriendly conditions for the synthesis of benzoxazoles. To reduce the use of toxic reagents or solvents and to minimize the production of organic wastes, the cyclization reaction was performed in an aqueous micellar medium. This in-water benzoxazole synthesis gave comparable yields to previously reported processes, and was applied to a broad range of benzoxazoles with various substitution patterns, showcasing its effectiveness in ecofriendly benzoxazole cyclization reactions.
Dysregulation of Host–Pathogen Interactions in Sepsis: Host-Related Factors
Authors: Joosten Sebastiaan C.M. , Wiersinga Willem J. , Poll Tom van der 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSepsis stands as a prominent contributor to sickness and death on a global scale. The most current consensus definition characterizes sepsis as a life-threatening organ dysfunction stemming from an imbalanced host response to infection. This definition does not capture the intricate array of immune processes at play in sepsis, marked by simultaneous states of heightened inflammation and immune suppression. This overview delves into the immune-related processes of sepsis, elaborating about mechanisms involved in hyperinflammation and immune suppression. Moreover, we discuss stratification of patients with sepsis based on their immune profiles and how this could impact future sepsis management.
Inhibit ammonia volatilization from agriculture and livestock by air plasma-activated water
Authors: Li Mengqi , Xiong Zilan , Song Zhuocheng , Wang Weiyi , Hou Zhenguo , Dai Yi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ammonia volatilization in agriculture and livestock is a considerable cause of air pollution and a significant way of N loss. In this study, we propose a method of using air plasma-activated water (PAW) to inhibit ammonia volatilization from agriculture and livestock and report the inhibitory effect under different discharge times and concentration gradients. PAW was generated through needle–water discharge, while ammonia waters with different concentrations served as simplified models for ammonia release. The compositions of the gas/liquid products of the PAW and those after mixing with ammonia water were detected and analyzed. It was found that the PAW could effectively inhibit the NH3 volatilization from ammonia water over a large range of conditions, however, NH3 volatilization promotion could also happen in some cases. The inhibition rate (IR) generally increased with the longer discharge time of the PAW and decreased with the higher ammonia water concentration. As the discharge time increased, the PAW became more acidic and had more active N components, converting more volatile NH3 to NH4
+ when mixed with ammonia water. Finally, a relationship model was developed between the IR and pH of the mixture. The IR basically decreased with the increase of the mixture pH, and reached ∼100% when a PAW with a discharge time of 7.5 min or 10 min was mixed with ammonia water with a mass fraction of 0.15%, or PAW of 10 min mixed with 0.25% ammonia water in this study, with the mixture pH lower than 8. The basic chemical process and possible reaction mechanisms were discussed. The proposed method not only effectively reduces ammonia volatilization but also adds more N elements in the form of NO3
− and NH4
+, which further improves fertility.
High-performance flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator assisted by a three-phase PVDF/WS2/rGO nanocomposite
Authors: Mondal Arun , Faraz Mohd , Singh Huidrom Hemojit , Khare Neeraj 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The emergence of piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) presents a promising alternative to supply energy demands within the realms of portable and miniaturized devices. In this article, the role of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide tungsten sulfide (WS2) and conductive rGO sheets as filler materials inside the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix on piezoelectric performances has been investigated extensively. The strong electrostatic interaction between C–F and C–H monomer bonds of PVDF interacted with the large surface area of the WS2 nanosheets, increasing the electroactive polar phases and resulting in enhanced ferroelectricity in the PVDF/WS2 nanocomposite. Further, the inclusion of rGO sheets in the PVDF/WS2 composite allows mobile charge carriers to move freely through the conductive network provided by the rGO basal planes, which improves the internal polarization of the PVDF/WS2/rGO nanocomposites and increases the electrical performance of the PENGs. The PVDF/WS2/0.3rGO nanocomposite-based PENG exhibits maximum piezoresponses with ∼8.1 times enhancements in the output power density than the bare PVDF-based PENG. The mechanism behind the enhanced piezoresponses in the PVDF/WS2/rGO nanocomposites has been discussed.
Identification of Radio Frequency Interference Using Multi-scale TransUNet
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Liang Bo , Hao Longfei , Feng Song , Wei Shoulin , Dai Wei , Dao Yihang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Radio observation is a method for conducting astronomical observations using radio waves. A common challenge in radio observations is Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), which refers to the unintentional or intentional interference of radio signals from other wireless sources within the radio frequency band. Such interference contaminates the astronomical signals received by radio telescopes, significantly affecting time–frequency domain astronomical observations and research. Consequently, identifying RFI is crucial. In this paper, we employ a deep learning approach to detect RFI present in observation data and propose an improved network structure based on TransUNet. This network leverages the principles of a multi-scale convolutional attention mechanism. It introduces an auxiliary branch to extract high-dimensional image information and an enhanced coordinate attention mechanism for feature map extraction, enabling more comprehensive and accurate identification of RFI in time–frequency images. We introduce a novel architecture named the Multi-Scale TransUNet Network, abbreviated as MS-TransUNet. We utilized observation data from the 40 m radio telescope at the Yunnan Observatory as a data set for training, validating, and testing the network. Compared with previous deep learning networks (U-Net, RFI-Net, R-Net, DSC, EMSCA-UNet), the recall rate and f2 score have been significantly improved. Specifically, the recall rate is improved by at least 2.99%, and the f2 score is improved by at least 2.46%. Experiments demonstrate that this network is exceptional in identifying RFI more comprehensively while ensuring high precision.
Simulation Study on Constraining Gravitational Wave Propagation Speed by Gravitational Wave and Gamma-ray Burst Joint Observation on Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Rao Jin-Hui , Yi Shu-Xu , Tao Lian , Tang Qing-Wen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Theories of modified gravity suggest that the propagation speed of gravitational waves (GW) v

g
may deviate from the speed of light c. A constraint can be placed on the difference between c and v

g
with a simple method that uses the arrival time delay between GW and electromagnetic wave simultaneously emitted from a burst event. We simulated the joint observation of GW and short gamma-ray burst signals from binary neutron star merger events in different observation campaigns, involving advanced LIGO (aLIGO) in design sensitivity and Einstein Telescope (ET) joint-detected with Fermi/GBM. As a result, the relative precision of constraint on v

g
can reach ∼10−17 (aLIGO) and ∼10−18 (ET), which are one and two orders of magnitude better than that from GW170817, respectively. We continue to obtain the bound of graviton mass m

g
≤ 7.1(3.2) × 10−20 eV with aLIGO (ET). Applying the Standard-Model Extension test framework, the constraint on v

g
allows us to study the Lorentz violation in the nondispersive, nonbirefringent limit of the gravitational sector. We obtain the constraints of the dimensionless isotropic coefficients

s

¯

00

(
4
)

at mass dimension d = 4, which are

−
1
×

10

−
15

<

s

¯

00

(
4
)

<
9

×

10

−
17

for aLIGO and

−
4
×

10

−
16

<

s

¯

00

(
4
)

<
8

×

10

−
18

for ET.
Co-Evolution and Spatial Diffusion
Authors: Antony Alexander K , Thompson William R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter covers the key concepts of co-evolution and spatial diffusion. It looks into how the industrialization transition affects other peace factors shown to affect conflict levels among states. The chapter considers whether the neighborhood in which a state is located influences and conditions state values on peace variables or spatial interdependence. The potential for industrialization to diffuse to other local actors at high rates enables a stronger explanation and prediction of the neighborhoods most prone to adopt peaceful relations. Since the peace factor is fostered by industrialization, the effects of industrialization on peace are likely conditional on neighborhood levels of industrialization.
A chromosome-level genome assembly provides insights into the local adaptation of Tamarix austromongolica in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Gong Shuai , Gan Honghao , Chu Jianmin , Wang Zhaoshan , Sun Jia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Tamarix austromongolica is endemic to the Yellow River Basin and has adapted to diverse ecological settings in the region, including the arid areas of northwestern China and the saline soil regions of the Yellow River Delta. However, the genetic basis of its local adaptation remains unclear. We report a chromosome-level assembly of the T. austromongolica genome based on PacBio high-fidelity sequencing and Hi-C technology. The 12 pseudochromosomes cover 98.44% of the 1.32 Gb assembly, with a contig N50 of 52.57 Mb and a BUSCO score of 98.2%. The genome comprises 913.6 Mb (68.83%) of repetitive sequences and 22,374 protein-coding genes. Genome evolution analyses suggest that genes under positive selection and significantly expanded gene families have facilitated T. austromongolica’s adaptability to diverse environmental factors and high resistance to diseases. Using genotyping-by-sequencing, we conducted population structure and selection analyses of 114 samples from 15 sites. Two genetic groups were identified, and 114 and 289 candidate genes were assigned to the populations of the northwestern and eastern parts of the Yellow River, respectively. Furthermore, we discovered numerous candidate genes associated with high-altitude adaptability and salt tolerance. This research provides valuable genomic resources for the evolutionary study and genetic breeding of tamarisk.
Addressing the effectiveness of health literacy programs within the Gulf Corporation Council: an integrative review
Authors: Johnson J , Mohamed H , Lowe T , Khraim F , Wolsey C , Haque S , Al-Farsi A , Schnurman D , Chowdhury N , Raihan M M H , Turin T C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Health literacy is an increasingly required need to help individuals, families and communities manage their health and health conditions. It is linked with better self-adherence to treatments, use of resources, access to care and overall reduced costs in healthcare. In the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), which comprises Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, various health literacy programs are implemented across states to address people’s unique and complex healthcare needs. This article aims to examine the current literature and assess the factors that influence the outcomes of health literacy programs within the GCC. An integrative review methodology has been conducted to pursue a comprehensive understanding of health literacy interventions in the GCC. This investigative approach was shaped by Whittemore and Knafl’s framework (2005), which includes problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis and presentation. The literature on the effectiveness of health literacy interventions and the factors that shape them are notably limited worldwide and within the GCC region. This integrative review addresses this knowledge gap and highlights the significance of key themes such as sessions, evaluation and improvement in shaping health literacy outcomes within the GCC region. Through this integrative review, the three main themes of sessions, evaluation and improvement were identified as influencing the outcomes of health literacy programs within the GCC.
Set Players to Stun: Inducing Basic Psychological Need Frustration in a Casual Video Game
Authors: Phillips Cody , Neufeld Parker , Klarkowski Madison 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the concept of psychological need frustration within the context of video games. We explore the potential of discrete in-game events, specifically the usage of widely popular ‘stun’ mechanics, to induce feelings of need frustration in players. We designed, developed and experimentally tested a bespoke video game with four conditions: No Stuns, Avoidable Stuns, Unavoidable Stuns and Layered Stuns (a combination of avoidable and unavoidable stuns). Our findings show that Unavoidable Stuns lead to statistically significantly greater autonomy need frustration. This finding has important implications for games research, as psychological need frustration is linked to negative effects on player engagement and wellbeing. Our results also highlight that a variety of stun mechanics can undermine psychological need satisfaction. Taken together, this work makes a meaningful contribution to HCI and games literature, showcasing that game mechanics can be designed in a way that undermines psychological needs.
Flow State Requires Effortful Attentional Control but Is Experienced Effortlessly by Video Game Players
Authors: Pujol Morgane , Caroux Loïc , Lemercier Céline 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Flow is a mental state of intense concentration that occurs when a person is completely absorbed in a task. The amount of mental effort required by this mental state is currently subject to debate. The present experimental study explored the link between flow and both objective and subjective measures of mental effort. Subjective measures of flow and mental effort, and objective measures of mental effort (pupil diameter and heart rate variability), were collected during a puzzle video game played at one of three levels of difficulty: too easy, optimal and too difficult. Participants in the optimal condition reported more flow than those in both the too-easy condition (which generated less mental effort and less subjective mental effort) and too-difficult condition (which generated an equal amount of mental effort and more subjective mental effort). Flow is a state that may require mental effort, even if it feels effortless for video game players.
Population pharmacokinetics of flucloxacillin as intermittent bolus infusion in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection
Authors: Hermann Laura , Schöning Verena , Dräger Sarah , Rentsch Katharina , Moser Stephan , Gürtler Nicolas , Sendi Parham , Osthoff Michael , Hammann Felix 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Optimal antibiotic dosing for Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (BSI) is still controversial. One reason is inter-individual variation in pharmacokinetics, which may be influenced by various patient-related factors, particularly in critically ill patients.

Objectives
To describe the population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) of the antibiotic flucloxacillin in patients with S. aureus BSI. Subsequently, we sought to translate the model into a user-friendly app for generating a priori and a posteriori time–concentration curves and dose recommendations to optimize dosing regimens.

Methods
Total and unbound flucloxacillin concentrations were included from 49 patients from a prospective cohort study conducted during clinical routine, including non-critically ill and critically ill individuals who received intermittent bolus applications. These data were analysed using non-linear mixed-effects modelling.

Results
Most patients (98%) were treated with 2 g of flucloxacillin every 4 h. We developed a joint model that simultaneously described total and unbound concentrations. The model included an allometric effect of glomerular filtration rate on clearance and albumin on the albumin dissociation constant. The latter was especially important, as in our population the unbound fraction was higher at 11.5% (16.7% for critically ill patients) compared with reported values of approximately 5%. Based on our joint model, we developed a web-based app for optimizing dosing regimens of flucloxacillin.

Conclusions
By utilizing data from clinical routine, we were able to create a predictive PopPK model of flucloxacillin and identify influential covariates. The web-based app is currently being validated in a clinical trial.