bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations in Highway Stormwater Runoff Quality and Stormwater Treatment Performance in Relation to the Age of Porous Friction Courses
Authors: Moores Jonathan P. , Pattinson Peter E. , Hyde Christian R. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT: A program of highway runoff sampling was conducted at four sites in Auckland, New Zealand. Concentrations of suspended solids, particulate copper, and zinc were significantly lower in runoff from a highway paved with a 1‐year‐old porous friction course (PFC) than in runoff at the other sites. Differences in total metal concentrations were less marked, reflecting relatively high concentrations of dissolved copper and zinc in runoff from the 1‐year‐old PFC. Runoff quality at a highway site that had been paved with a PFC 6 years previously was similar to that discharged from two impermeable roads, indicating a reduction over time in the quality of runoff discharged from PFCs. Runoff from the highways paved with 1‐ and 6‐year‐old PFCs was treated by a grass swale and wet pond, respectively. Both treatments were effective, the former predominantly through the lowering of dissolved metal concentrations and the latter through the lowering of particulate metal concentrations. These results indicate that stormwater treatment can improve the quality of runoff discharged from PFCs, irrespective of their age, provided that treatment is targeted to the predominant contaminant phase present.
Effects of Surface Area and Inflow on the Performance of Stormwater Best Management Practices with Uncertainty Analysis
Authors: Park Daeryong , Roesner Larry A. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT: The performance of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) is affected by BMP geometric and hydrologic factors. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of BMP surface area and inflow on BMP performance using the k‐C* model with uncertainty analysis. Observed total suspended solids (TSS) from detention basins and retention ponds data sets in the International Stormwater BMP Database were used to build and evaluate the model. Detention basins are regarded as dry ponds because they do not always have water, whereas retention ponds have a permanent pool and are considered wet ponds. In this study, Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) was applied to consider uncertainty in both influent event mean concentration (EMC), Cin, and the areal removal constant, k. The latter was estimated from the hydraulic loading rate, q, through use of a power function relationship. Results show that effluent EMC, Cout, decreased as inflow decreased and as BMP surface area increased in both detention basins and retention ponds. However, the change in Cout, depending on inflow and BMP surface area for detention basins, differed from the change in Cout for retention ponds. Specifically, Cin was more dominantly associated with the performance of the k‐C* model of detention basins than were BMP surface area and inflow. For retention ponds, however, results suggest that BMP surface area and inflow both influenced changes in Cout as well as Cin. These results suggest that sensitive factors in the performance of the k‐C* model are limited to Cin for detention basins, whereas BMP surface area, inflow, and Cin are important for retention ponds.
Size Fractionation of Metals Present in Highway Runoff: Beyond the Six Commonly Reported Species
Authors: Ferreira M. , Lau S.‐L. , Stenstrom M. K. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT: Highway runoff is an important non‐point source of pollutants, especially metals. This study reports monitoring results from 17 storm events at three highway sites for six commonly sampled metals: cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc. The study also reports the results of eight additional metals: aluminum, arsenic, cobalt, iron, manganese, selenium, strontium, and vanadium. Soluble phase, defined as passing a 0.45 μm filter, and particulate phase concentrations on four size fractions from 0.45 to larger than 100 μm are reported. The greatest metal masses were typically observed in the 8 to 20 μm fraction. The size distribution shows that sedimentation as a treatment process typically found in stormwater management can remove only 65% of the mass of most particulate phase metal species. Additional processes, such as coagulation or filtration, are needed to obtain greater removal rates. The results indicate the need to study particle size distribution (PSD) in order to better select treatment alternatives or assess environmental impacts.
Performance of Compost Filtration Practice for Green Infrastructure Stormwater Applications
Authors: Faucette Britt , Cardoso Fatima , Mulbry Walter , Millner Pat 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT: Urban storm water runoff poses a substantial threat of pollution to receiving surface waters. Green infrastructure, low impact development, green building ordinances, National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) storm water permit compliance, and Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) implementation strategies have become national priorities; however, designers need more sustainable, low‐cost solutions to meet these goals and guidelines. The objective of this study was to determine the multiple‐event removal efficiency and capacity of compost filter socks (FS) and filter socks with natural sorbents (NS) to remove soluble phosphorus, ammonium‐nitrogen, nitrate‐nitrogen, E. coli, Enterococcus, and oil from urban storm water runoff. Treatments were exposed to simulated storm water pollutant concentrations consistent with urban runoff originating from impervious surfaces, such as parking lots and roadways. Treatments were exposed to a maximum of 25 runoff events, or when removal efficiencies were ≤ 25%, whichever occurred first. Experiments were conducted in triplicate. The filter socks with natural sorbents removed significantly greater soluble phosphorus than the filter socks alone, removing a total of 237 mg/linear m over eight runoff events, or an average of 34%. The filter socks with natural sorbents removed 54% of ammonium‐nitrogen over 25 runoff events, or 533 mg/linear m, and only 11% of nitrate‐nitrogen, or 228 mg/linear m. The filter socks and filter socks with natural sorbents both removed 99% of oil over 25 runoff events, or a total load of 38,486 mg/linear m. Over 25 runoff events the filter socks with natural sorbents removed E. coli and Enteroccocus at 85% and 65%, or a total load of 3.14 CFUs x 108/linear m and 1.5 CFUs x 109/linear m, respectively; both were significantly greater than treatment by filter socks alone. Based on these experiments, this technique can be used to reduce soluble pollutants from storm water over multiple runoff events.
Nitrate and Phosphate Removal through Enhanced Bioretention Media: Mesocosm Study
Authors: Palmer Eric T. , Poor Cara J. , Hinman Curtis , Stark John D. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT: Bioretention is an evolving type of Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) designed to attenuate peak flows, reduce stormwater volume, and treat stormwater. This article examines the capabilities of a bioretention soil mixture of sand and compost enhanced with aluminum‐based drinking water treatment residuals to reduce nutrients from stormwater runoff. Columns with and without a saturation zone and vegetation were compared to examine their role in removing nitrate and ortho‐phosphate from stormwater. Results show that utilization of a saturation zone can significantly reduce nitrate in effluent water (71% compared to 33% without a saturated zone), even in a newly constructed system. However, ortho‐phosphate reduction was significantly better in the columns without a saturated zone (80%) compared to columns with (67%). Plants did not significantly improve removal. This suggests amendments such as aluminum‐based water treatment residuals for phosphorus removal and a saturation zone for nitrogen removal are needed during the initial establishment period.
Synthesis of new (arylcarbonyloxy)aminopropanol derivatives and the determination of their physico-chemical properties
Authors: Tengler Jan , Kapustíková Iva , Stropnický Ondřej , Mokrý Petr , Oravec Michal , Csöllei Jozef , Jampílek Josef 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Eight hydrochlorides of 3-{2-[(2/4-fluorophenoxy)-ethylamino]}-2-hydroxypropyl-4-alkoxybenzoates and four hydrochlorides of 3-tert-butylamino-2-hydroxypropyl-4-butoxybenzoates were prepared as potential antagonists of the β1-adrenergic receptor (beta-blockers). A multistep synthesis of these compounds is described as well as their detailed analytical characterization. The pharmacokinetic properties of these weak base compounds are significantly influenced by their acid-base dissociation constant, pK a. The knowledge of this value is crucial for new drug development. This paper is aimed at developing a methodology that utilizes pH-dependent 1H NMR spectroscopy for its routine analysis. The selected predicted physico-chemical parameters of the new (arylcarbonyloxy)aminopropanols (i.e., aryloxyaminopropanol derivatives) were compared with the model drugs esmolol and flestolol.
Archaeometric investigations on naturally and thermally-aged iron-gall inks using different tannin sources
Authors: Costa Antonio , Fonseca Nazareth , Carvalho Sheyla , Santos Fernanda , Barki Luana , Freitas Denise , Herbst Marcelo , Lutterbach Márcia 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This paper investigates the behavior of paper strips containing iron-gall inks prepared with tannins from different sources, subjected to natural and thermally-induced aging. Results indicate that inks containing initial concentrations of ferrous sulphate ranging from 0.2 to 10.0 g are amenable to treatment with calcium phytate, and thata good correlation exists between the recovery of excess iron and the initial concentration. Infrared spectra showed an absorption band at 1,750 cm−1, typical of esther, solely in the samples prepared with a condensed tannin. The condensed nature of this tannin produced a different oxidation pattern, with iron removal inferior to those observed from inks produced with hydrolisable tannins. When tannic acid was used ferrous iron removals ranged from 0.050 to 1.800 g, decreasing to 0.5 g in the presence of copper; the same behavior was observed for the remaining hydrolisable tannins, with a lower recovery from the condensed tannin. The adopted natural aging procedure released a higher amount of ferrous iron compared to ASTM thermal aging. This was probably due to the marked effect of humidity, not considered in the thermal procedure. A series of archaeometric possibilities were used to help elucidate the degradation of cellulose strips impregnated with iron-gall inks.
Oligomers-model building in protonation equilibria of sitagliptin
Authors: Meloun Milan , Ferenčíková Zuzana , Niesnerová Irena , Pekárek Tomáš 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Mixed protonation constants of sitagliptin phosphate at various ionic strengths I (mol kg−1) in range 0.01 and 0.50 and at 298.15 K are determined using FBSTAC4 and HYPERQUAD nonlinear regression analyses of the potentiometric titration curve. At a low concentration c L = 1.1 mmol kg−1 the monomers L, LH, LH2, LH3 and LH4 dominate, while for a concentration range from c L = 13.7 to 24.7 mmol kg−1 dimers L2H2, L2H3, L2H4 and L2H are mainly present. The regression programme has almost no influence on the precision of the protonation constants. The accuracy of the protonation constants log βqr depends on the accuracy of the group parameters. As two group parameters c L,0, c H,T are ill-conditioned in a model, their determination is therefore uncertain: both can significantly cause a systematic error in the estimated common parameters log10βqr . Fitness tests using regression diagnostics have proven the reliability of the parameter estimates.
Differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of methotrexate using a functionalized carbon nanotubes-modified glassy carbon electrode
Authors: Oliveira Geiser , Janegitz Bruno , Zucolotto Valtencir , Fatibello-Filho Orlando 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
A glassy carbon electrode (GC) containing multiwalled functionalized carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) immobilized within a dihexadecylhydrogenphosphate film (DHP) is proposed as a nanostructured platform for determination of methotrexate (MTX) concentration (a drug used in cancer treatment) using differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV). The voltammograms for a MTX solution using MWCNTs-DHP/GC electrode presented an oxidation peak potential at 0.98 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L−1 KCl) in a 0.1 mol L−1 sulphuric acid. The apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant of 0.46 s−1 was calculated. The recovery area of 2.62×10−9 mol cm2 was also obtained. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the analytical curve was linear in the MTX concentration range from 5.0×10−8 to 5.0×10−6 mol L−1, with a detection limit of 3.3×10−8 mol L−1. The MWCNTs-DHP/GC electrode can be easily prepared and was applied for the determination of MTX in pharmaceutical formulations, with results similar to those obtained using a high-performance liquid chromatography comparative method.
Self-assembly of acetylcholinesterase on gold nanoparticles electrodeposited on graphite
Authors: Dimcheva Nina , Horozova Elena , Ivanov Yavor , Godjevargova Tzonka 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The immobilisation of AChE enzyme through chemisorption on Au-modified graphite was examined with view of its prospective application in the design of membraneless electrochemical biosensors for the assay of enzyme inhibitors. The developed immobilisation protocol has been based on a two-stage procedure, comprising i) electrodeposition of gold nanostructures on spectroscopic graphite; followed by ii) chemisorption of the enzyme onto gold nanoparticles. Both the coverage of the electrode surface with Au nanostructures and the conditions for enzyme immobilisation were optimised. The proposed electrode architecture together with the specific type of enzyme immobilisation allow for a long-term retaining of the enzyme catalytic activity. The extent of inhibition of the immobilised acetylcholinesterase enzyme by the organophosphorous compound monocrotophos has been found to depend linearly on its concentration over the range from 50 to 400 nmol mL−1 with sensitivity 77.2% inhibition per 1 µmol mL−1 of monocrotophos.
Epoxy resin modified with amine as an effective complexing agent of metal cations
Authors: Kurczewska Joanna , Schroeder Grzegorz 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
A simple synthesis of a material capable of metal cation removal is proposed. The material was a derivative of epoxy resin containing amine groups. It is insoluble in water and in this study it was characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The sorbent obtained was tested for its ability to remove coper(II), cadmium(II) and lead(II) from water solutions. The tests were performed for different concentrations of metal ions (10–200 mg L−1) and at different pH (2.0–9.0). The effects of temperature and stirring time, as well as reusability of the sorbent were also studied in batch experiments. In the optimum conditions, the decrease in the cation concentration in aqueous solutions was observed in the order Cu&gt;Pb&gt;Cd but for each ion the decrease was at least 50% of the initial concentration. The sorbent has demonstrated high effectiveness in cation sorption and after regeneration it can be applied repeatedly in the process described.
Ionic liquids based on 2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride (CCC) as plant growth regulators
Authors: Praczyk Tadeusz , Zakrocka Katarzyna , Wyrzykowska Danuta , Niemczak Michał , Pernak Juliusz 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Plant growth regulator — 2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride (CCC) was converted into ionic liquid in the metathesis reaction. New forms of CCC as ILs were stable in air as well in contact with water and organic solvents. The biological action of the cation (CCC) in ILs was preserved. Type of anion determined hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of the whole molecule and it also influenced the biological activity of the plant growth regulator. All of the investigated salts retarded growth of winter wheat stems and most of them increased yield at the same time, when compared to control and standard 2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride.
Polymer conjugates with potential biological activity based on new derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzoxazole-synthesis and characterization
Authors: Aparaschivei Rǎdiţa , Şunel Valeriu , Holban Mihaela , Popa Marcel , Desbrieres Jacques 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
New potentially biologically active compounds derived from 2-mercapto-benzoxazole were synthesized and coupled on polymeric support of poly (maleic anhydride-alt-vinyl acetate) for the preparation of polymer-drug conjugates with controlled drug release. All compounds were characterized by elemental and spectroscopy (FT-IR, 1H-NMR) analysis. The toxicological tests recommend the products for further laboratory screening.
A theoretical study of the limits of the acidity of carbon acids in phase transfer catalysis in water and in liquid ammonia
Authors: Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José , Gallo Roger 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The acidities of a large number of carbon acids have been theoretically calculated for the gas-phase and for DMSO solution. The gas-phase values, both ΔH and ΔG, are very well correlated with the available experimental data. From the calculated ΔG values in DMSO and the pKas in the same solvent, a homogeneous set of pK a (DMSO) values was devised that was used to generate pK a (water). These last pK as were used to establish the limits of the acidity of carbon acids for reactions under PTC conditions both alkylations and H/D exchange. A step further led to the pK as in liquid ammonia and from them to the virtual use of PTC using liquid ammonia instead of water.
New 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde S-ethylisothiosemicarbazone and its mixed-ligand Cu(II) complex with imidazole: synthesis, characterization and DFT calculation
Authors: Takjoo Reza , Akbari Alireza , Ahmadi Mehdi , Rudbari Hadi , Bruno Giuseppe 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
A new Schiff base ligand of 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde S-ethyl-isothiosemicarbazone (H2L) was synthesized and its mixed-ligand Cu(II) complex was also prepared by reaction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O with H2L and imidazole. Their structures were fully characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, molar conductivity and UV-Vis methods. The analytical data suggest that the metal, H2L and imidazole ratios in the Schiff base complex are 1:1:1. Single crystal diffraction was also used to better understand the molecular structure of the Cu(II) complex. The results of physico-chemical analyses of the Schiff base complex reveal the coordination geometry around the central atom is square planar. The H2L ligand (NNO donor) is coordinated to the metal center as a tridentate bionegatively agent. Another position of the square planar geometry is occupied by the imidazole ligand. Furthermore, computational studies of the new complex were performed by carrying out DFT calculations. Geometry optimization and natural band analysis of the complex is discussed in further detail.
Separation of trace amounts palladium by SiO2/TiO2/Ce nanoparticles prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination in anodic slime and wastewater samples
Authors: Mohammadi Sayed , Hamidian Hooshang , Moeinadini Zahra 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In the present work, a new SiO2/TiO2/Ce, nanoparticle was synthesed using sol-gel method and evaluated as an adsorbent for preconcentration trace amounts of Pd(II) ions. The characterization of the nanoparticles has been studied by transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The preconcentration method is based on palladium adsorption onto the surface of nanoparticle at pH 8.5. The main factors affecting Pd(II) adsorption, such as pH of sample solution, concentration and volume of eluent, sample volume, interfering of the coexisting ions and flow rate of sample and eluent were investigated and optimized. At optimum conditions, linearity was maintained between 4.0 to 1000.0 ng mL−1. Detection limit based on 3Sb/m was 2.3 ng mL−1. Seven replicate determinations of a solution containing of 12.5 µg palladium gave a relative standard deviation ±1.7%. According to the Langmuir linear model, the maximum adsorption capacity of palladium was found to be 34.5 mg g−1. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method for Pd(II) determination was assessed by analysis of certified reference materials, anodic slime and wastewater samples and satisfactory results were obtained.
Erratum to: “In vitro biological activity comparison of some hydroxyapatite-based composite materials using simulated body fluid”
Authors: Czikó Melinda , Bogya Erzsébet-Sára , Barabás Réka , Bizo Liliana , Stefan Răzvan 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The original version of the article was published in Cent. Eur. J. Chem. 11(10) (2013) pp. 1583–1598. Unfortunately, the original version of this article contains a mistake in the affiliation section. The affiliation for Răzvan Stefan is Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, RO-400372 Cluj Napoca, Romania.
Extractants selection for hyphenated electrothermal atomic absorption method
Authors: Alemasova Antonina , Alemasova Natalya , Pupyshev Alexander 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The theoretical approach for extractants selection during hyphenated atomic absorption determination of highly volatile metals (Pb, Cd), hydride- (Sb, Bi) and carbide-forming (Cr) metals using thermodynamic modelling was proposed. The calculated parameter — maximum pyrolysis temperature — can be used for selection of the extractants and chemical modifiers. Using this approach the antimony extract with Brilliant green was modified for which the 1.8-fold sensitivity and 2.6-fold repeatability decreasing while extract sampling in graphite furnace was observed. A chemical modifier — mixture of hydrazine nitrate with the palladium(II) complex with Xylenol orange — was theoretically selected and experimentally tested, which allowed to enhance the maximum pyrolysis temperature on 200°C, to eliminate extract matrix influence. Using this modifier two-fold increasing in sensitivity and 3-fold decreasing in relative standard deviation was achieved while extraction atomic absorption determination.
Preparation and conductivities of polyacrylic acid/polyvinylimidazole grafted and ungrafted iron oxide nanocomposite polymer electrolytes
Authors: Senel Mehmet , Kavas Hüseyin , Tutgun Mehmet , Baykal Abdulhadi 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Nanocomposites of Polyacrylic acid/polyvinylimidazole (PAA/PVI) with grafted and ungrafted iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by a Reflux method. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles with 10 nm average diameter were synthesized by controlled co-precipitation and silanization of Si-PVI on Fe3O4 was used to obtain the grafted ones. Grafting becomes important at composites of less PVI that cause drastic decreases in AC conductivity. The content of PVI has important effects on the conductivity mechanism of these composites. The effect of grafting and Polyacrylic acid/polyvinylimidazole molar ratio on the conduction mechanism were studied. The conduction mechanism of iron oxide nanocomposites can be adjusted by changing molar ratio of Polyacrylic acid/polyvinylimidazole and grafting of Fe3O4NPs.