bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les diplomates français et les neutres européens au sortir de la Grande Guerre (1918-1920)
Authors: Laniol Vincent 
Published: December 2014

Au sortir d’une guerre totale, les diplomates français eurent bien des difficultés à accepter le statut de neutres conservé par certains pays européens. En dépit de leurs actions humanitaires, ils voyaient dans ces pays, qui avaient refusé tout au long de la guerre d’entrer dans le conflit, au mieux des perturbateurs dans la mise en place du blocus, des « profiteurs de guerre » s’enrichissant du commerce avec les belligérants, et au pire, des intrigants appelant à un retour de la paix, voire même des quasi-ennemis soutenant les Allemands qui exerçaient sur eux, estimaient les Français, une influence importante. Leur neutralité pendant la guerre constitua un handicap pour ces pays au moment de négocier la paix. Leurs revendications ne furent prises sérieusement en considération par Paris que lorsqu’elles étaient antiallemandes ou lorsque les neutres avaient adopté une attitude pro-alliée pendant le conflit. Cet aspect fut primordial, y compris au moment de discuter de la SDN et du nouvel ordre juridique mondial.
Nietzsche lecteur de Spinoza : réinterpréter la conservation ?
Authors: Benoit Blaise 
Published: December 2014

Afin de clarifier la réalité elle-même, Nietzsche rapporte généalogiquement le « conatus » spinoziste à une volonté de statisme à laquelle il oppose la dynamique expansive de la volonté de puissance. Pourtant, on peut montrer que Nietzsche rejette moins la conservation qu’il ne la réinterprète dans l’ordre d’une grandeur à produire, indissociable du tragique.
Les préfaces de Nietzsche : invitation à la philosophie comme expérience
Authors: Béland Martine 
Published: December 2014

Les philosophes accordent peu d’importance au genre de la préface, qu’ils peuvent tenir pour extérieur à l’œuvre proprement philosophique. Le fait que Nietzsche ait écrit plus de préfaces que de livres et l’importance qu’il leur accordait conduisent à reconsidérer ce point de vue. Replacées dans ses stratégies éditoriales, les préfaces de Nietzsche, dont la fonction est performative, montrent l’imbrication de la production et de la réception dans une œuvre ouverte au lecteur : elles mettent en scène l’exercice de la philosophie pour inciter le lecteur à faire lui-même cette « expérience vécue ».
Path Decompositions of Kneser and Generalized Kneser Graphs
Authors: Rodger C. A. , Whitt Thomas Richard 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNecessary and sufficient conditions are given for the existence of a graph decomposition of the Kneser Graph KGn,2 and of the Generalized Kneser Graph GKGn,3,1 into paths of length three.
MacCannell em perspectiva: análise crítica sobre a obra El turista
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano Emanuel 
Published: December 2014

A obra de Dean MacCannell representou uma grande contribuição aos estudos do turismo, a partir da década de 1960, por aportar conceitos na época inovadores sobre o tema da autenticidade da experiência turística. O artigo critica a obra deste sociólogo, não mediante um contraste com a evidência empírica mas indo diretamente ao núcleo teórico, buscando antecedentes na sociologia francesa e na etnometodologia estadounidense.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA NOVA GEOGRAFIA CULTURAL NA ATIVIDADE TURÍSTICA
Authors: Garcia Daniela Sottili , Bahl Miguel 
Published: December 2014

Este artigo foi desenvolvido tendo como foco de estudo a contribuição da “Nova Geografia Cultural” para a atividade turística, trazendo como exemplo o desenvolvimento do setor de Turismo na cidade de Campo Grande (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil) e a análise de como este setor tem utilizado a cultura local como marca urbana. Utilizou-se como metodologia um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a vertente da “Nova Geografia Cultural” e da atividade turística, e posteriormente a análise de situação da mesma nesta cidade. Apontam-se como resultados que esta vertente geográfica iniciada no mundo por volta de 1960 e no Brasil em 1970, tem contribuído, sobremaneira, para diversos campos de estudo, como é o caso específico do turismo, principalmente por inserir em seus estudos o homem como agente principal, passando a considerá-lo como primordial e parte integrante do processo de desenvolvimento dos espaços. Palavras–Chave: Nova Geografia Cultural. Turismo e Cultura.
Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
Authors: Keyes Katherine M. , Kreski Noah T. , Patrick Megan E. 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceDepressive symptoms have increased among US adolescents since 2010. It remains unclear as to what extent this increase will persist into young adulthood, potentially turning the youth mental health crisis into a young adult mental health crisis.ObjectiveTo test the association between birth cohort and adolescent depressive symptoms at ages 18, 19 to 20, and 21 to 22 years and changes in these symptoms by cohort.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis panel cohort study analyzed data from the Monitoring the Future longitudinal survey from 1990 to 2019, including birth cohorts from 1972 to 2001. Survey respondents were recruited from US high schools in 12th grade and were approximately aged 18 years (at baseline) through age 21 to 22 years (during mail and web follow-up). Data analysis was conducted from April to October 2023.ExposureDepressive symptoms score (&amp;gt;12 vs ≤12, with &amp;gt;12 representing top-decile scores) on a scale examining affective items (eg, “Life often seems meaningless”).Main Outcomes and MeasuresHigh (vs lower) depressive symptoms at ages 19 to 20 years and 21 to 22 years.ResultsThe 36 552 respondents included 18 597 females (50.5%), and most reported having a parent who graduated from college (44.8%). Among females, 19.1% (95% CI, 16.7%-21.4%) of the most recent birth cohort (born: 1997-2001) had high depressive symptoms at age 18 years, higher than any previous birth cohort. While prevalence declined by age 21 to 22 years, it remained higher than previous cohorts at that age. Among males, 13.4% (95% CI, 11.2%-15.6%) of the most recent birth cohort had high depressive symptoms at age 18 years, and prevalence increased through young adulthood. Males with high baseline depressive symptoms had 10.24 (95% CI, 7.01-14.97) times the odds of symptoms at age 19 to 20 years and 6.20 (95% CI, 3.93-9.78) times the odds of symptoms at age 21 to 22 years. Females with high baseline depressive symptoms had 9.16 (95% CI, 6.57-12.76) times the odds of symptoms at age 19 to 20 years and 7.28 (95% CI, 4.92-10.78) times the odds of symptoms at age 21 to 22 years. The magnitude of the associations did not vary over time. Population attributable fractions indicated that the total proportion of young adult symptoms associated with depressive symptoms at age 18 years among females has increased; in the most recent birth cohort, 55.25% (95% CI, 38.11%-65.13%) of depressive symptoms at age 21 to 22 years were associated with symptoms at age 18 years.Conclusions and RelevanceThis panel cohort study found that increases in depressive symptoms in adolescence persisted into young adulthood, suggesting the need for primary prevention and mental health resources during the adolescent years.
Influence of Simple Salts on Solvent Reduction Stability at Mg‐Alloy Anodes Interface: A Potential‐Dependent DFT Study
Authors: Kim Hyemin , Deng Min , Fortuin Adrian , Würger Tim , Georgopanos Prokopios , Kramer Denis , Zheludkevich Mikhail , Höche Daniel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe significance of incorporating anion species into electrolyte solvation structures, particularly with doubly charged Mg2 + ions, is investigated using the grand canonical density functional theory (GC‐DFT) approach. In an extension of previously established methodology, the work explores the thermodynamic stability in acetonitrile (AN) at the interface with Mg3Bi2 and Mg2Sn. Two different anions, TFSI− and , are strategically incorporated based on energy comparisons. Despite the known chemical compatibility of alloy anodes with the electrolyte solution, the research reveals a novel form of solvent degradation, which is also reported in the case of pure Mg anode with conventional electrolytes. Notably, the AN molecule adjacent to anion species exhibits reduced susceptibility to reduction (−0.8 – −0.4 V vs Mg2 +/Mg) in the lower potential range in comparison with the solvation structure of full dissociation. Charge density difference and density of states analyses detail solvent molecules becoming electrophilic, with the LUMO overlapping with the Fermi level at lower potentials when the electrostatic interaction with anion species are considered. Experimental studies using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) validate the theoretical results, providing a comprehensive understanding. This methodology, augmenting prior approaches, provides valuable guidance for electrolyte composition based on predominant solvation structures in multivalent solutions.
Metabolic dysfunctions predict the development of Alzheimer's disease: Statistical and machine learning analysis of EMR data
Authors: Liu Rex , Durbin‐Johnson Blythe , Paciotti Brian , Liu Albert T. , Weakley Alyssa , Liu Xin , Wan Yu‐Jui Yvonne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and obesity rise concomitantly. This study examined whether factors affecting metabolism, race/ethnicity, and sex are associated with AD development.METHODSThe analyses included patients ≥ 65 years with AD diagnosis in six University of California hospitals between January 2012 and October 2023. The controls were race/ethnicity, sex, and age matched without dementia. Data analyses used the Cox proportional hazards model and machine learning (ML).RESULTSHispanic/Latino and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, but not Black subjects, had increased AD risk compared to White subjects. Non‐infectious hepatitis and alcohol abuse were significant hazards, and alcohol abuse had a greater impact on women than men. While underweight increased AD risk, overweight or obesity reduced risk. ML confirmed the importance of metabolic laboratory tests in predicting AD development.DISCUSSIONThe data stress the significance of metabolism in AD development and the need for racial/ethnic‐ and sex‐specific preventive strategies.Highlights
Hispanics/Latinos and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders show increased hazards of Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to White subjects.
Underweight individuals demonstrate a significantly higher hazard ratio for AD compared to those with normal body mass index.
The association between obesity and AD hazard differs among racial groups, with elderly Asian subjects showing increased risk compared to White subjects.
Alcohol consumption and non‐infectious hepatitis are significant hazards for AD.
Machine learning approaches highlight the potential of metabolic panels for AD prediction.
Retrograde tracheal intubation using the S‐guide intubation guide after emergent tracheotomy: A case report
Authors: Ollier Fiona , Eichenberger Alain‐Stéphane , Savoldelli Georges L. , Maillard Julien 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageRetrograde intubation is an historic technique that is now rarely used in difficult airway situations. Although not originally designed for this purpose, the use of an S‐guide is a feasible option to aid retrograde intubation because of its malleable rigid body and atraumatic tip.
A Radical Revolution in the 21st Century
Authors: Gómez‐Suárez Adrián , Pitre Spence P. , Zhu Chen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis Special Collection on “Radical Chemistry in Homogeneous Catalysis and Organic Synthesis” organized in collaboration with the European Journal of Organic Chemistry and ChemCatChem showcases the maturity of field. Overall, this Special Collection encompasses 11 reviews and 27 research articles, covering a diverse range of topics. It presents the latest advancements in the controlled generation of radical species using transition metal catalysis, photoredox catalysis, or electrochemistry. It highlights the importance of moving towards more sustainable chemical processes, with particular focus on the development of novel organo(photo)catalysts, or efficient catalyst‐free reactions. It presents new transformations to access complex scaffolds as well as new building blocks and reagents, further simplifying single‐electron disconnection logic. In addition, it also highlights the key advancements in addressing some of the current challenges in radical chemistry, such the development of enantioselective reactions or how to scale‐up radical processes to meet the needs of the fine chemical industry.
Assessing the utility of the PC‐PTSD‐5 as a screening tool among a cancer survivor sample
Authors: Smith Sophia K. , Manschot Cole , Kuhn Eric , Laber Eric , Somers Tamara J. , Syrjala Karen L. , Applebaum Allison J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is an intensive and invasive procedure used in cancer treatment that can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. These symptoms are frequently overlooked in oncology and general health care settings. The suitability and utility of the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM‐5 (PC‐PTSD‐5) within the cancer population remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate its performance as a brief (five‐item) case‐finding screening alternative to the longer (20‐item) PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5) in survivors who received an HCT 1 to 5 years ago.MethodsA total of 817 cancer survivors completed the PC‐PTSD‐5 and PCL‐5 during recruitment for a randomized clinical trial. Optimal cut scores for identifying probable PTSD and item performance were determined using indices correcting for chance and item response theory analyses.ResultsOf the HCT sample, 10.4% screened as positive for probable DSM‐5 PTSD using the PCL‐5. The PC‐PTSD‐5 exhibited strong internal consistency and significant associations with PCL‐5 scores (total, r = .82; items, rs = .56–.61). A cutoff score of 2 provided optimal sensitivity for screening (κ[Se] = .95), whereas a cut score of 4 demonstrated the highest efficiency for detecting a probable DSM‐5 PTSD diagnosis on the PCL‐5 (κ[Eff] = .39). Item response theory analyses indicated that item 4 (numbing) of the PC‐PTSD‐5 yielded the most informative data, with other items potentially lacking incremental utility.ConclusionAlthough not an instrument validation study, these findings offer efficient evidence for using the PC‐PTSD‐5 as a succinct screening tool among cancer survivors in a clinical context.Trials RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04058795, registered 8/16/2019
An adaptive fuzzy coordinated control strategy for hybrid electric vehicles considering clutch wear and engine temperature variation
Authors: Gao Aiyun , Fu Zhumu , Tao Fazhan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn improved method of clutch coordinated control based on the Kalman filter was proposed to solve the problem that the existing mode switching strategy of hybrid electric vehicles could not adapt to engine temperature changes and clutch wear. First, taking advantage of the relationship between the torque transmitted by the clutch and the starting resistance of the engine, combined with the characteristics of the clutch, the clutch wear was roughly calculated. Accordingly, the control strategy of the clutch in the existing mode switching was improved to adapt to the clutch wear. The adaptive control strategy proposed for clutch wear included the fuzzy control module of the initial engagement pressure, the fuzzy inference module of the clutch engaging pressure change, the clutch wear estimation module and so on. Second, the Kalman filter was used to process the results to improve the estimation accuracy of clutch wear. The engine starting resistance related to starting speed and temperature was modeled to enhance the adaptability of the control strategy to engine temperature. Finally, the designed control strategy was verified in simulation. The results show that the improved control strategy can complete the mode switching when the engine temperature is variable and the clutch is worn. The maximum impact degree increased from 5 m/s3 without wear to 8.5 m/s3 with wear, but it is still less than the index limit, and it can be considered that the proposed strategy can achieve the desired control effect. The fuzzy control algorithm proposed enhances the vehicle's ride comfort during mode switching from pure electric driving to hybrid driving.
THRIVE THROUGH EXTERNAL UNCERTAINTY BY BUILDING INTERNAL PREDICTABILITY
Authors: Homkes Rebecca 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe author is a high‐growth strategy specialist, CEO advisor, and a Lecturer at the London Business School. She discusses various angles of strategy and decision‐making within organizations, and notes that “the future is uncertain because it is nothing more than a series of events that may or may not occur.” Areas discussed and outlined, in her words, are: Context: I know what we are trying to achieve and why it matters; Agility: I know where decisions take place; Reliability: I can rely on others to do what they say they will do; and Execution: When I adapt, it is recognized and rewarded. She notes that “a good commitment has five characteristics that make up the initialism: AEIOU.” The five are, in her words, active (actively negotiated in a conversation or discussion (not sent as a command in an email); explicit (absolute clarity on who is going to do what); intent‐based (linked to the organization’s strategy and top priorities); open (communicated with transparency, not made in a side conversation); and understood (both parties agree to do it, sign up to the commitment, and understand what they are signing up to).
Fabrication of piezoelectric poly(l‐lactic acid) nanofiber membranes with controllable properties
Authors: Cheng Jie , Yang Yonghao , Zhang Chen , Dong Xuechun , Liu Jinbo , Wu Gensheng , Zhao Gutian , Ni Zhonghua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPoly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) material has superior biocompatibility, degradability, and piezoelectricity, which have been chosen to fabricate electrospinning membranes to provide high surface area, porosity, and flexibility as applied in implantable medical devices. In this study, PLLA nanofiber membranes with adjustable performance were successfully prepared. The piezoelectricity, mechanical properties, and wettability could be tuned by the molecular weight of PLLA and the concentration of PLLA‐Dichloromethane (DCM) solution. The maximum output voltage of the PLLA nanofiber membranes could be adjusted from 0.28 to 0.55 V, and the breaking strength could vary in the range of 6.3–10.1 MPa. Furthermore, the elongation at break can be adjusted between 22% and 142%. In addition, the wettability of PLLA nanofiber membranes could be changed from hydrophobic state to hydrophilic state by surface treatment techniques. The excellent biocompatibility was further demonstrated by cell culture on hydrophilic membranes. These results implied that the molecular weight of PLLA and the concentration of PLLA‐DCM solutions could be an effective method to regulate characteristics of electrospinning membranes, which can provide more application possibilities for implantable medical devices.
Facile green fabrication of MIL‐101(Cr)/PVA nanofiber composite as effective, stable, and reusable adsorbent for cationic dye removal
Authors: Thamer Badr M. , Al‐aizari Faiz A. , Abdo Hany S. , El‐Newehy Mohamed H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, chromium‐based metal–organic framework (MIL‐101(Cr)) was incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers (PVA NFs) via green electrospinning followed by heat treatment to fabricate MIL‐101(Cr)@PVA NFs composite without the need for any organic solvent or other dispersants. The fabricated MIL‐101(Cr)@PVA NFs were comprehensively characterized using a suite of common techniques. Morphological characteristics of MIL‐101(Cr)@PVA NFs showed a fibrous structure with an average diameter of 228 ± 37 nm and decorated with MIL‐101(Cr) particles arranged in a nanoneedle‐like pattern. Subsequently, its adsorption efficiency towards the cationic crystal violet dye (CV) was evaluated through batch adsorption experiments. The influence of various experimental parameters on CV removal efficiency was systematically optimized using a factorial design approach. The Langmuir isotherm and kinetic pseudo‐second‐order (PSO) model provided an excellent fit to the adsorption equilibrium data, indicating a maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 344.18 mg/g for MIL‐101(Cr)@PVA NFs compared with 83.94 mg/g for pristine PVA NFs. Furthermore, the MIL‐101(Cr)@PVA NFs composite demonstrated excellent reusability and stability, maintaining a significant portion of its removal capacity even after six adsorption–desorption cycles. These findings highlight the potential of the fabricated composite as a highly efficient and reusable adsorbent for CV removal from wastewater treatment applications.Highlights
The MIL‐101(Cr)@PVA NFs nanocomposite fabricated by electrospinning technique.
The MIL‐101(Cr) particle arranged in a nanoneedle‐like pattern in the PVA NFs.
Incorporation of MIL‐101(Cr) improved qmax of PVA by 391.5%.
The MIL‐101(Cr)@PVA NFs membrane has excellent stability and reusability.
Prostate Cancer Related Sexual Dysfunction and Barriers to Help Seeking: A Scoping Review
Authors: Charlick Megan , Tiruye Tenaw , Ettridge Kerry , O’Callaghan Michael , Sara Sally , Jay Alexander , Beckmann Kerri 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveDespite available support, sexuality needs are the most frequently reported unmet need among men with prostate cancer, which may be due to low help‐seeking rates. Using the Ecological Systems Framework as a theoretical foundation, we conducted a scoping review of the available literature to understand what factors impact help‐seeking behaviour for sexual issues after prostate cancer treatment among men who had received treatment.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search on Medline, PsychInfo, Embase, Emcare, and Scopus was conducted to identify studies of adult prostate cancer patients post‐treatment, which reported barriers and/or facilitators to help‐seeking for sexual health issues. Quality appraisals were conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools, and results were qualitatively synthesised.ResultsOf the 3870 unique results, only 30 studies met inclusion criteria. In general, studies were considered moderate to good quality, though only six used standardised measures to assess help‐seeking behaviour. Barriers and facilitators for sexual help‐seeking were identified across all five levels of the Ecological Systems Framework, including age, treatment type, and previous help seeking experience (individual level), healthcare professional communication and partner support (microsystem), financial cost and accessibility of support (meso/exosystem), and finally embarrassment, masculinity, cultural norms, and sexuality minority (macrosystem).ConclusionsAddressing commonly reported barriers (and inversely, enhancing facilitators) to help‐seeking for sexual issues is essential to ensure patients are appropriately supported. Based on our results, we recommend healthcare professionals include sexual wellbeing discussions as standard care for all prostate cancer patients, regardless of treatment received, age, sexual orientation, and partnership status/involvement.