bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Sustainable h‐BN Encapsulated MoS2 Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts
Authors: Lim Jungmoon , Heo Su Jin , Jung Min , Kim Taehun , Byeon Junsung , Park HongJu , Jang Jae Eun , Hong John , Moon Janghyuk , Pak Sangyeon , Cha SeungNam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite the importance of the stability of the 2D catalysts in harsh electrolyte solutions, most studies have focused on improving the catalytic performance of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) catalysts rather than the sustainability of hydrogen evolution. In previous studies, the vulnerability of MoS2 crystals is reported that the moisture and oxygen molecules can cause the oxidation of MoS2 crystals, accelerating the degradation of crystal structure. Therefore, optimization of catalytic stability is crucial for approaching practical applications in 2D catalysts. Here, it is proposed that monolayered MoS2 catalysts passivated with an atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) layer can effectively sustain hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and demonstrate the ultra‐high current density (500 mA cm⁻2 over 11 h) and super stable (64 h at 150 mA cm⁻2) catalytic performance. It is further confirmed with density functional theory (DFT) calculations that the atomically thin h‐BN layer effectively prevents direct adsorption of water/acid molecules while allowing the protons to be adsorbed/penetrated. The selective penetration of protons and prevention of crystal structure degradation lead to maintained catalytic activity and maximized catalytic stability in the h‐BN covered MoS2 catalysts. These findings propose a promising opportunity for approaching the practical application of 2D MoS2 catalysts having long‐term stability at high‐current operation.
Cholic Acid/Glutathione‐Assembled Nanofibrils for Stabilizing Pickering Emulsion Biogels
Authors: Bi Wenzhi , Le Mengqi , Jia Yong‐Guang , Bao Zeyu , Sun Shuo , Wang Chaoyang , Binks Bernard P. , Chen Yunhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAchieving the delicate balance required for both emulsion and gel characteristics, while also imparting biological functionality in gelled emulsions, poses a significant challenge. Herein, we report on Pickering emulsion biogels formed by novel biological nanofibrils assembled from natural glutathione (GSH) and a tripod cholic acid derivative (TCA) via electrostatic interactions. GSH, composed of tripeptides with carboxyl groups, facilitates the protonation and dissolution of TCA compounds in water and the electrostatic interactions between GSH and TCA trigger nanofibrillar assembly. Fibrous nuclei initially emerge, and the formed mature nanofibrils can generate a stable hydrogel at a low solid concentration. These nanofibrils exhibit efficient emulsifying capability, enabling the preparation of stable Pickering oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsion gels with adjustable phase volume ratios. The entangled nanofibrils adsorbed at the oil‐water interface restrict droplet movement, imparting viscoelasticity and injectability to the emulsions. Remarkably, the biocompatible nanofibrils and stabilized emulsion gels demonstrate promising scavenging properties against reactive oxygen species (ROS). This strategy may open new scenarios for the design of advanced emulsion gel materials using natural precursors and affordable building blocks for biomedical applications.
Revealing the Effect of Electronic Configuration in Cux Species on CO2 Photoreduction Characteristic Products
Authors: Bi Wei , Lei Jing , Bian Zhengliang , Zheng Yaru , Hu Yanjie , Wang Mitang , Li Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs of the present time, the in‐depth study of the structure‐activity relationship between electronic configuration and CO2 photoreduction performance is often overlooked. Herein, a series of Cux species modified CeO2 nanodots are constructed in situ by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) to achieve an efficient photocatalytic CO2‐to‐C2 conversion with an electron utilization of up to 142.5 µmol g−1. Through an in‐depth study of the electronic behavior and catalytic pathways, it is found that the Cu0/Cu+ species in the coexistence state of Cu0/Cu+/Cu2+ can optimize the energy band structure, photocurrent stability, and provide a kinetic basis for the active surface catalytic reaction process that requires the conversion of multiple electrons into C2 products, which ultimately enhances the CO2‐to‐C2H6 photoreduction by 3.8‐fold and that for CO2‐to‐C2H4 photoreduction by 5.2‐fold. Besides, the Cu2+ species in the coexistence state of Cu0/Cu+/Cu2+ are able to regulate the electronic behavior and the choice of the catalytic pathway, enabling the transitions between CO2‐to‐C2H6 and CO2‐to‐C2H4. This work indicates that electronic configuration optimization is an effective strategy to significantly enhance the CO2 photoreduction performance and provides new ideas for the design and synthesis of high‐performance heterostructure photocatalysts.
Active Stratification of Colloidal Mixtures for Asymmetric Multilayers
Authors: Kim Baekmin Q. , Kim Jongmin Q. , Yoon Hojoon , Lee EunSuk , Choi Siyoung Q. , Kim KyuHan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStratified films offer high performance and multifunctionality, yet achieving fully stratified films remains a challenge. The layer‐by‐layer method, involving the sequential deposition of each layer, has been commonly utilized for stratified film fabrication. However, this approach is time‐consuming, labor‐intensive, and prone to leaving defects within the film. Alternatively, the self‐stratification process exploiting a drying binary colloidal mixture is intensively developed recently, but it relies on strict operating conditions, typically yielding a heterogeneous interlayer. In this study, an active interfacial stratification process for creating completely stratified nanoparticle (NP) films is introduced. The technique leverages NPs with varying interfacial activity at the air–water interface. With the help of depletion pressure, the lateral compression of NP mixtures at the interface induces individual desorption of less interfacial active NPs into the subphase, while more interfacial active NPs remain at the interface. This simple compression leads to nearly perfect stratified NP films with controllability, universality, and scalability. Combined with a solvent annealing process, the active stratification process enables the fabrication of stratified films comprising a polymeric layer atop a NP layer. This work provides insightful implications for designing drug encapsulation and controlled release, as well as manufacturing transparent and flexible electrodes.
Electrodeposition of Ni/Cu Bimetallic Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks Electrocatalysts with Boosted Oxygen Reduction Activity for Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Liu Mufei , Zhao Jing , Dong Hongxing , Meng Hao , Cao Dianxue , Zhu Kai , Yao Jiaxin , Wang Guiling 
Published: August 2024

AbstractZinc–air batteries employing non‐Pt cathodes hold significant promise for advancing cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, poor intrinsic electrical conductivity and aggregation tendency hinder the application of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as active ORR cathodes. Conductive MOFs possess various atomically dispersed metal centers and well‐aligned inherent topologies, eliminating the additional carbonization processes for achieving high conductivity. Here, a novel room‐temperature electrochemical cathodic electrodeposition method is introduced for fabricating uniform and continuous layered 2D bimetallic conductive MOF films cathodes without polymeric binders, employing the organic ligand 2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexaiminotriphenylene (HITP) and varying the Ni/Cu ratio. The influence of metal centers on modulating the ORR performance is investigated by density functional theory (DFT), demonstrating the performance of bimetallic conductive MOFs can be effectively tuned by the unpaired 3d electrons and the Jahn–Teller effect in the doped Cu. The resulting bimetallic Ni2.1Cu0.9(HITP)2 exhibits superior ORR performance, boasting a high onset potential of 0.93 V. Moreover, the assembled aqueous zinc–air battery demonstrates high specific capacity of 706.2 mA h g−1, and exceptional long‐term charge/discharge stability exceeding 1250 cycles.
Atomic Structure Amorphization and Electronic Structure Reconstruction of FeCoNiCrMox High‐Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles for Highly Efficient Water Oxidation
Authors: Zhou Xuechun , Zhu He , Fu Shu , Lan Si , Hahn Horst , Zeng Jianrong , Feng Tao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe complexity of the multielement interaction in high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) may provide more active sites to adapt different catalytic reaction steps in oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Investigating the correlation between structure and performance of HEAs electrocatalysts is both essential and challenging. In this work, FeCoNiCrMox HEA nanoparticles are successfully fabricated utilizing a unique nanofabrication method called inert gas condensation. With the increase of high‐valence metal component Mo, the atomic structure amorphization and electronic structure reconstruction are unveiled. According to the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy valence spectra, the d‐band center of FeCoNiCrMox is ascending, and thus enhancing the adsorption energy. Synchrotron pair distribution function analysis reflects the degree of structural disorder and reveals a robust correlation with the intrinsic OER activities of the electrocatalysts. FeCoNiCrMo1.0 high‐entropy metallic glass nanoparticles exhibit an outstanding OER performance with an ultralow overpotential of 294.5 mV at a high current density of 100 mA cm−2. This work brings fundamental and practical insights into the modulation mechanism of metal components of HEAs catalysts for developing OER.
Adsorption Dynamics of Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate on Clay Minerals: Implications for Construction Wood Protection
Authors: Brisebois Patrick , Aouinti Meriam , Jafari Maziar , Siaj Mohamed , Ouellet‐Plamondon Claudiane 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe wood preservative disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) migration is studied in clay. Using boron analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES), DOT spatial and temporal dynamics are surveyed to show how DOT permeates into the wood and the clay using concentration profiles as a function of depth, initial wood moisture, and direction of filling. Atomic force microscopy and chemical imaging using photoinduced force microscopy are used to show the morphology of the wood samples and the distribution of DOT on their surface. ICP‐OES results show that the average DOT concentration in the wood samples is originally 0.8 and 1.5 wt% in the bulk and at the surface, respectively. Conditioning of the wood to a moisture content of 19% in a climatic chamber reduces DOT concentration by 8% for the fir and 17% for the spruce. After one week of contact with the clays, the results showed a rapid decrease of 25–40% in DOT concentration in wood. On longer periods (5 months), the spruce shows a tendency to reabsorb the DOT from the clay and the DOT migration stabilizes at 20%. These results contribute to defining the dosage of DOT when the wood is exposed to clay.
Biomimetic Nanoparticles for the Diagnosis and Therapy of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Yize , Lu Yuqing , Li Jingjing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAtherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammation of blood vessels, which often has no obvious symptoms in the early stage of the disease, but when atherosclerotic plaques are formed, they often cause lumen blockage, and even plaque rupture leads to thrombosis, that is the essential factor of cardiovascular events, for example myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, and renal atrophy. Therefore, it is considerably significant for the early recognition and precise therapy of plaque. Biomimetic nanoparticles (BNPs), especially those coated with cell membranes, can retain the biological function of cell membranes or cells, which has led to extensive research and application in the diagnosis and treatment of AS in recent years. In this review, we summarized the roles of various key cells in AS progression, the construction of biomimetic nanoparticles based on these key cells as well as their applications in AS diagnosis and therapy. Furthermore, we give a challenge and prospect of biomimetic nanoparticles in AS, hoping to elevate their application quality and the possibility of clinical translation.
Engaging Kindergarten Writers Through Play Experiences
Authors: Sanchez Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile research consistently demonstrates that young children learn best through play and social interactions, this developmental insight is not often reflected in current classroom curricula. Through action research, I examined how a play‐based kindergarten environment could impact student writing and writing engagement. This article specifically focuses on two students from the class, Matthew and Liam. Using observations, semi‐structured interviews, and student artifacts evaluated using a developmental writing rubric, findings indicate that the play‐based approach led to increased interest and engagement in writing activities, as well as improvements in writing skills. These results suggest that integrating play into the early childhood curriculum can create authentic writing experiences, fostering development and enthusiasm in young writers.
Utilisation of dexmedetomidine, ketamine and midazolam for immobilisation and health assessment of captive white‐bellied spider monkeys (Ateles belzebuth) in the Amazon rainforest of Iquitos, Peru
Authors: Parada Edmundo , Schwartz Heather , Lam Aaron Yiu , Baca‐Montero Oliver , Laubscher Liesel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study presents data collected from 41 captive white‐bellied spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth) immobilisations conducted between 2022 and 2024. The anaesthetic protocol employed consisted of dexmedetomidine (0.04 mg/kg), ketamine (5 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.25 mg/kg), with supplementary intramuscular doses dexmedetomidine (0.02 mg/kg) and ketamine (2.5 mg/kg) administered as needed. The protocol demonstrated fast and efficient induction times, with no reported complications, indicating its safety and efficacy. During immobilisation, all animals were placed in dorsal recumbency, with monitored physiological parameters including heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, SpO2 and capillary refill rate. Additionally, blood samples were collected for haematology and biochemistry analysis. The dose of atipamezole administered was 10 times that of dexmedetomidine. Data on time to recumbency, duration of immobilisation, recovery times and post‐antagonist drug administration recovery were recorded. Moreover, details regarding the type of restraint and pre‐anaesthetic activity level were included in the analysis.
Pretreatment for potable reuse: Enhancing the biological removal of 1,4‐dioxane from landfill leachate through cometabolism with tetrahydrofuran
Authors: Stohr Hannah , Menon Rohan , Griffin Micaela , Sabo James , Martin Mike , Brazil Brian , Bott Charles 
Published: August 2024

Abstract1,4‐Dioxane is a probable human carcinogen and a persistent aquatic contaminant. Cometabolic biodegradation of 1,4‐dioxane is a promising low‐cost and effective treatment technology; however, further demonstration is needed for treating landfill leachate. This technology was tested in two full‐scale moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) treating raw landfill leachate with tetrahydrofuran selected as the cometabolite. The raw leachate contained on average 82 μg/L of 1,4‐dioxane and before testing the MBBRs removed an average of 38% and 42% of 1,4‐dioxane, respectively. First, tetrahydrofuran was added to MBBR 1, and 1,4‐dioxane removal was improved to an average of 73%, with the control MBBR removing an average of 37% of 1,4‐dioxane. During this period, an optimal dose of 2 mg/L of tetrahydrofuran was identified. Tetrahydrofuran was then fed to both MBBRs, where the 1,4‐dioxane removal was on average 73% and 80%. Cometabolic treatment at the landfill significantly reduced the concentration of 1,4‐dioxane received from the landfill at a downstream wastewater treatment and indirect potable reuse facility, reducing the load of 1,4‐dioxane from 44% to 24% after the study.Practitioner Points
Cometabolic degradation of leachate 1,4‐dioxane with THF in MBBRs is a feasible treatment technology and a low‐cost technique when retrofitting existing biological treatment facilities.
The MBBRs can be operated at a range of temperatures, require no operational changes beyond THF addition, and operate best at a mass ratio of THF to 1,4‐dioxane of 24.
Source control of 1,4‐dioxane significantly reduces the concentration of 1,4‐dioxane in downstream wastewater treatment plants and potable reuse facilities.
Operator size growth in Lindbladian SYK
Authors: Liu Jiasheng , Meyer René , Xian Zhuo-Yu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We investigate the growth of operator size in the Lindbladian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model with q-body interaction terms and linear jump terms at finite dissipation strength. We compute the operator size as well as its distribution numerically at finite q and analytically at large q. With dissipative (productive) jump terms, the size converges to a value smaller (larger) than half the number of Majorana fermions. At weak dissipation, the evolution of operator size displays a quadratic-exponential-plateau behavior. The plateau value is determined by the ratios between the coupling of the interaction and the linear jump term in the large q limit. The operator size distribution remains localized in the finite size region even at late times, contrasting with the unitary case. Moreover, we also derived the time-independent orthogonal basis for operator expansion which exhibits the operator size concentration at finite dissipation. Finally, we observe that the uncertainty relation for operator size growth is saturated at large q, leading to classical dynamics of the operator size growth with dissipation.
The near horizon dynamics in three-dimensional Einstein gravity
Authors: Afshar Hamid , Aghamir Narges 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the asymptotic dynamics of 3D gravity with Rindler boundary conditions both in flat and AdS spacetimes. We do this by using the angular quantization and Hamiltonian reduction of the action to the Wess-Zumino-Witten theory on the boundary. We then rewrite the boundary action as a functional of elements of the asymptotic symmetry group.
Global analysis of $$ \mathcal{CP} $$-violation in atoms, molecules and role of medium-heavy systems
Authors: Gaul Konstantin , Berger Robert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Detection of parity $$ \left(\mathcal{P}\right) $$

P

and time-reversal $$ \left(\mathcal{T}\right) $$

T

symmetry-odd electric dipole moments (EDMs) within currently achievable resolution would evidence physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Via the $$ \left(\mathcal{CPT}\right) $$

CPT

-theorem, which includes charge conjugation $$ \left(\mathcal{C}\right) $$

C

, such low-energy searches complement high-energy physics experiments that probe $$ \left(\mathcal{CP}\right) $$

CP

-violation up to the TeV scale. Heavy-elemental atoms and molecules are considered to be among the most promising candidates for a first direct detection of $$ \mathcal{P} $$
P
, $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
-violation due to enhancement effects that increase steeply with increasing nuclear charge number Z. However, different $$ \mathcal{P} $$
P
, $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
-odd sources on the subatomic level can contribute to molecular or atomic EDMs, which are target of measurements, and this complicates obtaining rigorous bounds on $$ \mathcal{P} $$
P
, $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
-violation on a fundamental level. Consequently, several experiments of complementary sensitivity to these individual $$ \mathcal{P} $$
P
, $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
-odd sources are required for this purpose. Herein, a simply-applicable qualitative model is developed for global analysis of the $$ \mathcal{P} $$
P
, $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
-odd parameter space from an electronic-structure theory perspective. Rules of thumb are derived for the choice of atoms and molecules in terms of their angular momenta and nuclear charge number. Contrary to naive expectations from Z-scaling laws, it is demonstrated that medium-heavy molecules with Z ≤ 54 can be of great value to tighten global bounds on $$ \mathcal{P} $$
P
, $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
-violating parameters, in particular, if the number of complementary experiments increases. The model is confirmed by explicit density functional theory calculations of all relevant $$ \mathcal{P} $$
P
, $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
-odd electronic structure parameters in systems that were used in past experiments or are of current interest for future experiments, respectively: the atoms Xe, Cs, Yb, Hg, Tl, Ra, Fr and the molecules CaOH, SrOH, YO, CdH, BaF, YbF, YbOH, HfF+, WC, TlF, PbO, RaF, ThO, ThF+ and PaF3+.
Lost in the logistical funhouse: speculative design as synthetic media enterprise
Authors: Horn Zoe , Magee Liam , Munster Anna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFrom the deployment of chatbots as procurement negotiators by corporations such as Walmart to autonomous agents providing ‘differentiated chat’ for managing overbooked flights, synthetic media are making the world of logistics their ‘natural’ habitat. Here, the coordination of commodities, parts and labour design the problems and produce the training sets from which ‘solutions’ can be synthesised. But to what extent might synthetic media, surfacing via platforms such as Midjourney and OpenAI, be understood as logistical media? This paper charts a selective genealogy of synthetic media from early attempts to synthesise human sensory capacities in order to cybernetically integrate them into computational circuits. We see this integration as a pre-emption of their (computational) logistical coordination. It then details media experiments with ‘ChatFOS’, a GPT-based bot tasked with developing a logistics design business. Using its prompt-generated media outputs, we assemble a simulation and parody of AI’s emerging functionalities within logistical worlds. In the process, and with ‘human-in-the-loop’ stitching, we illustrate how large language models become media managers overseeing image prompts, graphical design, website code, promotional copy and investor pitch scenarios. The processes and methods of producing speculative scenarios via ChatFOS lead us to consider how the media of logistics and the logistics of media are increasingly enfolded. We ask: what can a (practice-based) articulation of this double-becoming of logistics and synthetic mediality tell us about the politics and aesthetics of contemporary computation and capital?
Wave solutions in nonlocal integral beams
Authors: Barretta Raffaele , Iuorio Annalisa , Luciano Raimondo , Vaccaro Marzia Sara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWave propagation in slender beams is addressed in the framework of nonlocal continuum mechanics. The elastodynamic problem is formulated exploiting consistent methodologies of pure integral, mixture and nonlocal strain gradient elasticity. Relevant wave solutions are analytically provided, with peculiar attention to reflection and near field phenomena occurring in presence of boundaries. Notably, the solution field is got as superimposition of incident, reflected, primary near field and secondary near field waves. The latter contribution represents a further effect due to the size dependent mechanical behaviour. Limit responses for vanishing nonlocal parameter are analytically evaluated, consistently showing a zero amplitude of the secondary near field wave. Parametric analyses are carried out to show how length scale parameter, amplitude of incident wave and geometric and elastic properties of the beam affect the amplitudes of reflected, primary near field and secondary near field waves. The results obtained exploiting different nonlocal integral elasticity approaches are compared and discussed.