bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limitations and Strengths of Doppler/Echo Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure–Right Heart Catheterization Correlations: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Finkelhor Robert S. , Lewis Steven A. , Pillai Dilip 
Published: March 2014

AimsBecause many recent studies have questioned the accuracy of Doppler echocardiography (D) in determining pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP), we performed a detailed literature analysis attempting add clarity.Methods and ResultsStudies through 2011 comparing D and right heart catheterization (RHC) PASP, with at least 25 studied patients and reporting correlation coefficients (r) were identified. Patient demographics, study characteristics, the percent of patients studied for left or right heart pathologies, and study biases were determined. After adjusting for differing study sizes, each study's r value was used as a single datapoint and dichotomized above or below the entire cohort's mean values. From 32 studies 2604 D‐RHC parings were reported. Their overall weighted r was 0.68 ± 0.19. Poorer correlations were found for right heart pathologies compared to left heart pathologies (r = 0.58 vs. 0.84, P < 0.001) and for normal PASP patients in a study compared to abnormal PASP patients (r = 0.55 vs. 0.82, P < 0.001). Studies with predominately right heart pathology had a significantly greater D‐RHC time difference, fewer successful D determinations, a greater percentage of normal PASPs on RHC, and more between‐method differences >10 mmHg. Metaregression analyses indicated that both right heart pathology predominance and a greater percent of normal PASPs on RHC remained associated with poorer correlations.ConclusionsD PASP‐RHC correlations were high and between‐method differences less in patients with left heart pathology but were poorer for right heart diseases and studies with proportionately more normal PASPs on RHC for which further study is needed.
The Ycf54 protein is part of the membrane component of Mg‐protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase from barley (Hordeum vulgareL.)
Authors: Bollivar David , Braumann Ilka , Berendt Kasper , Gough Simon P. , Hansson Mats 
Published: March 2014

The biosynthesis of chlorophyll has been demonstrated to require an extensive set of enzymes, the initial stages of which are shared with the synthesis of heme. Of these enzymes, the most enigmatic is the Mg‐protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase (EC 1.14.13.81). This enzyme requires components found associated with the plastid membrane and the plastid soluble fraction. One of the components, XanL, is found associated with the membrane and another protein, Ycf54, has recently been identified based upon association with XanL. This study describes a deeper analysis of the role of Ycf54 in the enzyme and the localization of the protein in barley plastids. The results clearly demonstrate a strong association of Ycf54 with XanL, absence of Ycf54 from soluble fractions necessary for activity and more evidence for a third membrane localized component of the enzyme.Structured digital abstractYcf54 and Ycf54 bind by molecular sieving (1, 2)
Ecological criteria for the selection of materials in fatigue
Authors: Chaves V. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThis work provides some ecological criteria for fatigue designers so that they can quantitatively consider the ecological impact as a factor during the process of design. In particular, during the selection of materials for fatigue applications, two kinds of applications have been examined. The first one is related to components under cyclic loading with no energy consumption during their use, as a pipe under variable pressure. In this case, the highest impact takes place during the material production phase. The second application refers to components used in means of transport, as planes or cars components. For them, the highest environmental impact occurs during the use phase, through fuel consumption. For both applications, a parameter is provided, named Ecological‐Fatigue Factor, that combines both the ecological impact and the fatigue endurance of the materials. For the two applications, a ranking of materials based on the Ecological‐Fatigue Factor is given. Great differences can be found between the two rankings.
A framework for variable amplitude corrosion fatigue materials tests for offshore wind steel support structures
Authors: Brennan F. P. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTClimate change and sustainability have driven enormous development programmes for offshore wind. These large structures are mainly fabricated of welded steel tubular and plate sections not dissimilar to structural details commonly encountered in the ship, and offshore oil and gas sectors, but design requirements differ significantly due to environmental aspects, loading regime and low capital expenditure and operational expenditure requirements. There is therefore a requirement to quickly update corrosion fatigue knowledge and data bases in order to assist operations and designers to optimise structures with respect to fatigue strength and cost. This paper reviews seawater corrosion fatigue and potential approaches to developing appropriate test procedures and analysis methods to produce reliable and meaningful corrosion‐fatigue behaviour under stochastic loading conditions and sets out some fundamental principles for any such testing programme.
Critical‐weight‐range marsupials in northern Australia are declining: a commentary on Fisher et al. (2014) ‘The current decline of tropical marsupials in Australia: is history repeating?’
Authors: Woinarski J. C. Z. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMany mammal species are declining in parts of Australia's tropical savannas, for reasons that are not yet well defined. A recent paper (Fisher et al., 2014, Global Ecology and Biogeography, 23, 181–190) suggested that the primary cause is predation by feral cats, with the main evidence presented being a purported over‐representation of small species amongst the marsupials that have contracted in range (‘small body size signifies high current extinction risk’). However, a review here of the information presented in that paper shows that no marsupial species smaller than 100 g has shown range contraction in northern Australia, and that most (15 of 17) declines are of species in the ‘critical weight range’ (35 g to 5.5 kg).
Characterization of Scale‐Dependent Dispersivity in Fractured Formations Through a Divergent Flow Tracer Test
Authors: Sharifi Haddad Amin , Hassanzadeh Hassan , Abedi Jalal , Chen Zhangxin , Ware Antony 
Published: March 2014

AbstractScale‐dependency of dispersivity has been reported from field tracer tests. We present a simple methodology for characterization of dispersivity as a linear function of scale around an injection well using divergent flow tracer test data conducted in fractured formations. Results show that the slope of this linear dispersivity function can be estimated using tracer concentration measurements in a monitoring well. The characterized dispersivity function has applications in modeling of field‐scale transport processes in fractured formations.
Patients' preferences for post‐treatment breast cancer follow‐up in primary care vs. secondary care: a qualitative study
Authors: Roorda Carriene , de Bock Geertruida H. , Scholing Christian , van der Meer Klaas , Berger Marjolein Y. , de Fouw Marlieke , Berendsen Annette J. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo explore patients' preferences for follow‐up in primary care vs. secondary care.MethodsA cross‐sectional design was employed, involving semi‐structured interviews with 70 female patients with a history of early‐stage breast cancer. Using descriptive content analysis, interview transcripts were analysed independently and thematically by two researchers.FindingsPatients expressed the strongest preference for annual visits (31/68), a schedule with a decreasing frequency over time (27/68), and follow‐up > 10 years, including lifelong follow‐up (20/64). The majority (56/61) preferred to receive follow‐up care from the same care provider over time, for reasons related to a personal doctor–patient relationship and the physician's knowledge of the patient's history. About 75% (43/56) preferred specialist follow‐up to other follow‐up models. However, primary care‐based follow‐up would be accepted by 57% (39/68) provided that there is good communication between GPs and specialists, and sufficient knowledge among GPs about follow‐up. Perceived benefits of primary care‐based follow‐up referred to the personal nature of the GP–patient relationship and the easy access to primary care. Perceived barriers included limited oncology knowledge and skills, time available, motivation among GPs to provide follow‐up care and patients' confidence with the present specialist follow‐up.ConclusionsMore than half of the patients were open to primary care‐based follow‐up. Patients' confidence with this follow‐up model may increase by using survivorship care plans to facilitate communication across the primary/secondary interface and with patients. Training GPs to improve their oncology knowledge and skills might also increase patients' confidence.
Applying quality assurance in real time to compliant long‐term periodontal maintenance patients utilizing cost‐effectiveness and cost utility
Authors: Fardal Øystein , Grytten Jostein 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundLittle work has been done on quality assurance of long‐term maintenance of periodontal therapyMaterials/methodsA quality assurance model was applied to 80 patients (50 females, 30 males) with an average age of 64.3 years (SD. 8.83, range 45–91) and with 21.6 (SD. 2.65, range 16–26) maintenance years. The main elements were patients' expectations, objectives and patient‐based outcomes, human and financial costs and treatment deviations. For cost‐effectiveness, this group was compared with a control group of 25 patients with an average of 9.96 years not complying with maintenance therapy.ResultsThe patients' main expectations and reasons for seeking treatment were to save teeth and a desire for better oral health. The patients had a total tooth‐year loss of 3.3%. 81.3% reported improved oral health. Total treatment discounted cost was €5842. The cost of buying an extra tooth year was €20.2. Patients reported anxiety of 4.6 (SD10.5, range 0–47) and discomfort of 11.8 (SD13.2 range 0–70) for the maintenance visits on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).Treatment deviations showed 3.8% extreme downhill patients, 6.3% with poor oral hygiene, 3.8% reported a worsening of their oral health, 3.8% had high anxiety whereas 5.0% experienced a high level of discomfort.ConclusionIt is possible to apply a number of elements of a quality assurance measure to a patient population of compliant maintenance patients in real time. The results obtained compare well with previous internal and external studies. This model should be useful to patients and practitioners as well as for larger population‐based studies.
Is persistence of metabolic syndrome associated with poor health‐related quality of life in non‐diabetic Iranian adults? Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Amiri Parisa , Hosseinpanah Farhad , Jalali‐Farahani Sara , Mehrabi Yadollah , Montazeri Ali , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAims/IntroductionPrevious research showed the association between health‐related quality of life and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The present study aimed to examine the impact of persistence of MetS on health‐related quality of life in non‐diabetic Iranian adults.Materials and MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study. A representative sample of 643 non‐diabetic individuals (67% female), aged ≥20 years, who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study in 2005–2007 were recruited for the study, and categorized into four groups, those without, with transient, with intermittent and with persistent MetS. Health‐related quality of life was assessed using the Iranian version of the Short Form Health Survey. MetS was diagnosed using the Joint Interim Statement criteria.ResultsWomen with transient, intermittent and persistent MetS scored lower on the Physical Component Summary than those without the syndrome (51.03 ± 1.41, 48.16 ± 1.46 and 46.58 ± 1.29 vs 52.18 ± 1.20) after adjusting for potential confounders (P = 0.04). In women, there was also a significant decreasing trend in the scores of bodily pain (P for trend = 0.006) and general health (P for trend = 0.005) across the study groups. Compared with women without MetS, the odds ratio of reporting poor health‐related quality of life for women with intermittent MetS was 2.75 (95% confidence interval 1.19–6.37, P = 0.01). Among men, however, no significant difference was observed in any of the health‐related quality of life domains.ConclusionsCompared with women without, with transient and with persistent MetS, those with intermittent MetS reported poorer physical health‐related quality of life.
Characterization of Weissella ceti infections in Brazilian rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), farms and development of an oil‐adjuvanted vaccine
Authors: Costa F A A , Leal C A G , Schuenker N D , Leite R C , Figueiredo H C P 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWeissella ceti is an emerging bacterial pathogen that affects rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), farms. The aims of this study were to genotype W. ceti strains isolated from distinct geographical origins and to determine the efficacy of an oil‐adjuvanted vaccine against the disease. Between 2010 and 2012, outbreaks were recorded in five Brazilian farms, and 34 W. ceti isolates were genetically characterized by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences PCR and pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis. Two different W. ceti vaccines were tested: an aqueous‐based whole‐cell inactivated vaccine (bacterin) and oil‐adjuvanted vaccine. Their efficacy was evaluated in rainbow trout at 30 and 60 days post‐vaccination (d.p.v.). W. ceti was found to be a highly homogeneous population in Brazil, with clonally related genotypes. Oil‐adjuvanted vaccine exhibited the best (P < 0.05) protection against disease, reaching relative percentage survival (RPS)values of 92% at 30 and 60 d.p.v. Bacterin resulted in RPS values of 67% and 58% at day 30 and 60, respectively. The oil‐adjuvanted vaccine provided effective protection against W. ceti infection in rainbow trout.
Digital imaging approaches for phenotyping whole plant nitrogen and phosphorus response in Brachypodium distachyon
Authors: Poiré Richard , Chochois Vincent , Sirault Xavier R. R. , Vogel John P. , Watt Michelle , Furbank Robert T. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis work evaluates the phenotypic response of the model grass (Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv.) to nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition using a combination of imaging techniques and destructive harvest of shoots and roots. Reference line Bd21‐3 was grown in pots using 11 phosphorus and 11 nitrogen concentrations to establish a dose–response curve. Shoot biovolume and biomass, root length and biomass, and tissue phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations increased with nutrient concentration. Shoot biovolume, estimated by imaging, was highly correlated with dry weight (R2 > 0.92) and both biovolume and growth rate responded strongly to nutrient availability. Higher nutrient supply increased nodal root length more than other root types. Photochemical efficiency was strongly reduced by low phosphorus concentrations as early as 1 week after germination, suggesting that this measurement may be suitable for high throughput screening of phosphorus response. In contrast, nitrogen concentration had little effect on photochemical efficiency. Changes in biovolume over time were used to compare growth rates of four accessions in response to nitrogen and phosphorus supply. We demonstrate that a time series image‐based approach coupled with mathematical modeling provides higher resolution of genotypic response to nutrient supply than traditional destructive techniques and shows promise for high throughput screening and determination of genomic regions associated with superior nutrient use efficiency.
Early Osmotic Adjustment Responses in Drought‐Resistant and Drought‐Sensitive Oilseed Rape
Authors: Hatzig Sarah , Zaharia L. Irina , Abrams Suzanne , Hohmann Marie , Legoahec Laurie , Bouchereau Alain , Nesi Nathalie , Snowdon Rod J. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe impact of osmotic stress on growth, physiology, and metabolism of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was investigated by detailed analysis of biomass traits, hormone metabolites and osmolytes in two genetically unrelated drought‐tolerant genotypes and two unrelated drought‐sensitive genotypes. Seedlings were grown in vitro under controlled conditions and osmotic stress was simulated by applying a gradual treatment with polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000), followed by hypo‐osmotic treatment of variants used for metabolite determination. The results provide a basis for the identification of reliable selection criteria for drought resistance in oilseed rape. The in vitro cultivation system established during this study enabled effective discrimination of early osmotic stress responses between drought‐resistant and ‐susceptible oilseed rape genotypes that also show large differences in relative seed yield under drought conditions in the field. Clear physiological and metabolic differences were observed between the drought‐resistant and drought‐sensitive genotypes, suggesting that osmotic adjustment is a key component of drought response in oilseed rape. Unexpectedly, however, the drought‐resistant genotypes did not show typical hormonal adjustment and osmolyte accumulation, suggesting that they possess alternative physiological mechanisms enabling avoidance of stress symptoms.
Coexistence of garnet blueschist and eclogite in South Tianshan, NW China: dependence of P–T evolution and bulk‐rock composition
Authors: Tian Z. L. , Wei C. J. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCoexisting garnet blueschist and eclogite from the Chinese South Tianshan high‐pressure (HP)–ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) belt consist of similar mineral assemblages involving garnet, omphacite, glaucophane, epidote, phengite, rutile/sphene, quartz and hornblendic amphibole with or without paragonite. Eclogite assemblages generally contain omphacite >50 vol.% and a small amount of glaucophane (<5 vol.%), whereas blueschist assemblages have glaucophane over 30 vol.% with a small amount of omphacite which is even absent in the matrix. The coexisting blueschist and eclogite show dramatic differences in the bulk‐rock compositions with higher X(CaO) [=CaO/(CaO + MgO + FeOtotal + MnO + Na2O)] (0.33–0.48) and lower A/CNK [=Al2O3/(CaO + Na2O + K2O)] (0.35–0.56) in eclogite, but with lower X(CaO) (0.09–0.30) and higher A/CNK (0.65–1.28) in garnet blueschist. Garnet in both types of rocks has similar compositions and exhibits core–rim zoning with increasing grossular and pyrope contents. Petrographic observations and phase equilibria modelling with pseudosections calculated using thermocalc in the NCKMnFMASHO system for the coexisting garnet blueschist and eclogite samples suggest that the two rock types share similar P–T evolutional histories involving a decompression with heating from the Pmax to the Tmax stage and a post‐Tmax decompression with slightly cooling stage, and similar P–T conditions at the Tmax stage. The post‐Tmax decompression is responsible for lawsonite decomposition, which results in epidote growth, glaucophane increase and omphacite decrease in the blueschist, or in an overprinting of the eclogitic assemblage by a blueschist assemblage. Calculated P–X(CaO), P–A/CNK and P–X(CO2) pseudosections indicate that blueschist assemblages are favoured in rocks with lower X(CaO) (<0.28) and higher A/CNK (>0.75) or fluid composition with higher X(CO2) (>0.15), but eclogite assemblages preferentially occur in rocks with higher X(CaO) and lower A/CNK or fluid composition with lower X(CO2). Moreover, phase modelling suggests that the coexistence of blueschist and eclogite depends substantially on P–T conditions, which would commonly occur in medium temperatures of 500–590 °C under pressures of ~17–22 kbar. The modelling results are in good accordance with the measured bulk‐rock compositions and modelled temperature results of the coexisting garnet blueschist and eclogite from the South Tianshan HP–UHP belt.
The challenge of intratumour heterogeneity in precision medicine
Authors: Seoane J. , De Mattos‐Arruda L. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCells within tumours have diverse genomes and epigenomes and interact differentially with their surrounding microenvironment generating intratumour heterogeneity, which has critical implications for treating cancer patients. Understanding the cellular and microenvironment composition and characteristics in individual tumours is critical to stratify the patient population that is likely to benefit from specific treatment regimens. Here, we will review the current understanding of intratumour heterogeneity at the genomic, epigenomic and microenvironmental levels. We will also discuss the clinical implications and the challenges posed by intratumour heterogeneity and evaluate noninvasive methods such as circulating biomarkers to characterize the cellular diversity of tumours. Comprehensive assessment of the molecular features of patients based on tumour specimen characterization (including intratumour spatial and temporal variations), ancillary noninvasive methods (such as circulating biomarkers and molecular imaging approaches) and the correct design of clinical trials are required to guide administration of targeted therapy and to control therapeutic resistance. Finding the means to accurately determine and effectively control tumour heterogeneity and translate these achievements into patient benefit are major goals in modern oncology.
Bladder Neck Rupture and Vesicovaginal Fistula Associated with Pelvic Fracture in Female
Authors: ICHIHARA Koji , MASUMORI Naoya , TAKAHASHI Satoshi , MIYAO Noriomi , KATO Ryuichi 
Published: March 2014

CaseFemale urethral injury or bladder neck rupture associated with pelvic fracture is rare. The experience of this injury is limited and the management is still challenging. Here we describe a young female patient with urethral injury and vesicovaginal fistula associated with pelvic fracture due to traffic accident. We discuss the recommendation and management about this problem.OutcomeWe selected staged surgical management for this case, and fortunately succeeded in the repair of the urethral and vaginal injury and acquired favorable continence.ConclusionAppropriate management should be selected according to the condition in each patient. But it should be taken into consideration that a patient with pelvic fracture is critically ill, and an experienced urologist of this field is not always available at that time.
Genetic and environmental effects on the occurrence of speltoids in winter wheat cultivars
Authors: Förster Sebastian , Schumann Erika , Pillen Klaus , Eberhard Weber Wilhelm 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe occurrence of speltoid off‐types during seed multiplication is one of the major causes for rejection of a wheat cultivar candidate due to phenotypic inhomogeneity. These aberrant plants express an atypical spear‐shaped spike with tenacious glumes. To analyse the frequency of speltoids under field conditions, field trials were conducted at three locations and two sowing times over 2 years based on speltoid off‐type spikes derived from 14 different wheat genotypes. One hundred single ear progeny were developed from the normal and speltoid progeny plants in 2007. A mean frequency of 21.1% and 36.6% speltoid off‐types in plots from normal and speltoid lines was observed, respectively. Plots sown late in the season displayed on average 5.3% less speltoid off‐types, in particular when both sowing times were far apart. Field trials from 2010 revealed 7.9% more aberrant plants compared with 2011. The percentage of speltoids within the field plots ranged from 0.2% to 83.7%, which indicates a large effect of the respective genotype. Finally, strategies to reduce the number of speltoid off‐types are discussed.