bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jabuticaba (Myrciaria trunciflora) extract improves metabolic and behavioral markers of obese rats fed on a hypercaloric diet
Authors: Boldori Jean Ramos , Nogueira Jean Carlos Costa , Munieweg Félix Roman , Lunardi Annelize Gruppi , de Freitas Rodrigues Cristiane , Cibin Francielli Weber Santos , Denardin Cristiane Casagrande 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDObesity is a metabolic disease that affects many individuals around the world, related to imbalance between energy consumption and expenditure, which can lead to comorbidities. A healthy diet can significantly contribute to the prevention or treatment of this condition. Jabuticaba is an emerging fruit presenting a wide range of bioactive compounds and is being extensively studied due to its effects on lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the jabuticaba extract in the anxious‐like behavior and in the lipid and oxidative metabolism in the context of obesity.METHODSForty male Wistar rats divided into five groups were used. The animals received a standard diet and/or a hypercaloric diet and after 60 days of induction, interventions were carried out with jabuticaba extract (5% and 10%) via gavage for 30 days.RESULTSIt can be observed that the jabuticaba extract was able to reverse the anxious behavior observed in obese animals and modulate parameters of lipid and oxidative metabolism. We observed a reduction in cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to obese animals. Furthermore, we observed an improvement in oxidative parameters, with a reduction in protein carbonylation in the liver and modulation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Contrary to expectations, we did not observe changes in leptin, adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) levels.CONCLUSIONOur work demonstrates that jabuticaba extract can improve metabolic, oxidative and behavioral changes in animals with obesity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Modeling population dynamics of beluga whales in the Eastern High Arctic – Baffin Bay population
Authors: Biddlecombe Brooke A. , Watt Cortney A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBeluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) have a long history of subsistence harvest that has continued into the present and a history of exploitation through commercial harvest. The Eastern High Arctic – Baffin Bay (EHA) population of beluga whales has the northernmost distribution of any beluga whale population in Canada. Beluga whales from the EHA population have a single complete abundance estimate from 1996 and 3 partial abundance estimates in 1981, 2010, and 2012 from aerial surveys; reliable estimates from surveys are lacking in recent years, limiting the ability to determine population dynamics. In 2020 satellite imagery was used to estimate abundance for beluga whales in the EHA population for estuaries in the whales' summering area. We built a stochastic stock production model to estimate population dynamics from the start of reliably compiled harvest history data in 1977 to 2022, using abundance estimates from 1981, 1996, 2010, 2012, and 2020. We also extended the model 10 years into the future under 7 potential annual harvest scenarios (within the range of annual reported harvests) to calculate the probability of decline. We estimated the starting population in 1977 as 29,615 whales (95% CI = 20,765–46,251), and the estimate from 2022 was 16,495 whales (95% CI = 6,731–33,504). Landed catch of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 beluga whales annually resulted in <1%, 3%, 23%, 50%, 70%, 83%, and 90% probabilities of decline, respectively. There was a notable decrease in abundance over the time series, likely caused by harvest pressure. Harvest in recent years has ranged from 155–553 catches per year, and our results suggest that 108 landed catches per year equates to a 5% risk of decline, the low risk goal for precautionary fisheries management, which aligns with population conservation goals. Our model is a first step in understanding the EHA beluga whale population dynamics using what data are available and suggests that current harvests in some years may result in a population decline and should be monitored.
Divergent metabolism estimates from dissolved oxygen and inorganic carbon: Implications for river carbon cycling
Authors: Shangguan Qipei , Payn Robert A. , Hall Robert O. , Young Fischer L. , Valett H. Maurice , DeGrandpre Michael D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRivers efficiently collect, process, and transport terrestrial‐derived carbon. River ecosystem metabolism is the primary mechanism for processing carbon. Diel cycles of dissolved oxygen (DO) have been used for decades to infer river ecosystem metabolic rates, which are routinely used to predict metabolism of carbon dioxide (CO2) with uncertainties of the assumed stoichiometry ranging by a factor of 4. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) has been less used to directly infer metabolism because it is more difficult to quantify, involves the complexity of inorganic carbon speciation, and as shown in this study, likely requires a two‐station approach. Here, we developed DIC metabolism models using single‐ and two‐station approaches. We compared metabolism estimates based on simultaneous DO and DIC monitoring in the Upper Clark Fork River (USA), which also allowed us to estimate ecosystem‐level photosynthetic and respiratory quotients (PQE and RQE). We observed that metabolism estimates from DIC varied more between single‐ and two‐station approaches than estimates from DO. Due to carbonate buffering, CO2 is slower to equilibrate with the atmosphere compared to DO, likely incorporating a longer distance of upstream heterogeneity. Reach‐averaged PQE ranged from 1.5 to 2.0, while RQE ranged from 0.8 to 1.5. Gross primary production from DO was larger than that from DIC, as was net ecosystem production by . The river was autotrophic based on DO but heterotrophic based on DIC, complicating our understanding of how metabolism regulated CO2 production. We suggest future studies simultaneously model metabolism from DO and DIC to understand carbon processing in rivers.
Highly Efficient and Stable Narrow Band Green Emitting Phosphor of Sb3+/Ce3+ Sensitized Cs2NaTbCl6 for WLED
Authors: Chen Changheng , Chen Renze , Gao Ruibo , Zheng Jiming , Xiang Jinmeng , Guo Chongfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRealizing narrow‐band green phosphors with high efficiency and thermal stability remains an enormous challenge for light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) backlighting in the pursuit of wide‐gamut display. Inspired by excellent and characteristic green sharp line emission of rare‐earth ion Tb3+, the rare‐earth‐based halide double perovskite Cs2NaTbCl6 phosphor with line‐shape emission (FWHM: ≈7 nm) at 547 nm is developed. The introduction of sensitizers Ce3+ or Sb3+ enhanced the quantum yield of Cs2NaTbCl6 to 76% or 90% from 52% due to the strong absorption of sensitizer and efficient energy transfer from sensitizers to Tb3+. The phosphors with or without sensitizer express better thermal stability than traditional perovskite, which originated from the phonon assistance, low thermal ionization probability, stronger localization of 4f electrons through the spectrum, and first‐principles calculation. The warm white LED fabricated using the present green emitting phosphor exhibits low color temperature of 3081 K and ≈100% of the NTSC gamut, which indicates that the Ce3+ or Sb3+ sensitized Cs2NaTbCl6 phosphors possess great application potential in WLED illumination and display fields.
Regenerative Retinal Laser and Light Therapies (RELITE): Proposal of a New Nomenclature, Categorization, and Trial Reporting Standard
Authors: von der Burchard Claus , Miura Yoko , Stanzel Boris , Chhablani Jay , Roider Johann , Framme Carsten , Brinkmann Ralf , Tode Jan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesNumerous laser and light therapies have been developed to induce regenerative processes in the choroid/retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/photoreceptor complex, leaving the neuroretina undamaged. These therapies are applied to the macula for the treatment of various diseases, most prominently diabetic maculopathy, retinal vein occlusion, central serous chorioretinopathy, and age‐related macular degeneration. However, the abundance of technologies, treatment patterns, and dosimetry protocols has made understanding these therapies and comparing different approaches increasingly complex and challenging. To address this, we propose a new nomenclature system with a clear categorization that will allow for better understanding and comparability between different laser and light modalities. We propose this nomenclature system as an open standard that may be adapted in future toward new technical developments or medical advancements.MethodsA systematic literature review of reported macular laser and light therapies was conducted. A categorization into a standardized system was proposed and discussed among experts and professionals in the field. This paper does not aim to assess, compare, or evaluate the efficacy of different laser or dosimetry techniques or treatment patterns.ResultsThe literature search yielded 194 papers describing laser techniques, 50 studies describing dosimetry, 272 studies with relevant clinical trials, and 82 reviews. Following the common therapeutic aim, we propose “regenerative retinal laser and light therapies (RELITE)” as the general header. We subdivided RELITE into four main categories that refer to the intended physical and biochemical effects of temperature increase (photothermal therapy, PTT), RPE regeneration (photomicrodisruption therapy, PMT), photochemical processes (photochemical therapy, PCT), and photobiomodulation (photobiomodulation therapy, PBT).Further, we categorized the different dosimetry approaches and treatment regimens. We propose the following nomenclature system that integrates the most important parameters to enable understanding and comparability:Pattern—Dosimetry—Exposure Time/Frequency, Duty Cycle/Irradiation Diameter/Wavelength—Subcategory—Category.ConclusionRegenerative retinal laser and light therapies are widely used for different diseases and may become valuable in the future. A precise nomenclature system and strict reporting standards are needed to allow for a better understanding, reproduceable and comparable clinical trials, and overall acceptance. We defined categories for a systematic therapeutic goal‐based nomenclature to facilitate future research in this field.
Firm theories in neoclassical institutional economics
Authors: Huang Shaoan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper defines the “new” institutional economics pioneered by Coase's contributionas “neoclassical” institutional economics. It develops the firm theory on the basis of criticizing neoclassical economics for treating firms as black boxes. Coase's contribution is ground‐breaking: He created the transaction cost theory, reinterpreted the origin and essence of firms and the changes in firm size, and analyzed the internal power structure of firms from a contractual perspective. The follow‐up economists build incomplete contract theory, principal–agent theory, team production theory, corporate governance theory, mechanism design theory, and comparative institutional advantage theory to further develop the firm theory. Finally, according to the characteristics of China's economy, this paper provides the future direction of the firm theory.
Interposition of Free Vascularized Fascia Into the Trapezial Resection Cavity for the Surgical Treatment of Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mattila Simo , Haapamäki Ville , Waris Eero 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackroundTrapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis has been treated with interposition of autologous fascia into the trapezial resection cavity to prevent scaphometacarpal impingement with suboptimal results. Autologous fascia may undergo necrosis and gradual shrinkage due to avascularity. We propose vascularization of the interposed fascia using microvascular techniques as a new alternative to achieve a durable graft with sufficient soft tissue volume.Patients and MethodsIn this retrospective study, 11 surgeries for 8 patients (6 women, 2 men) (5 primary and 6 revision cases) were performed using vascularized fascial grafts from the anterolateral thigh for interposition in the trapezial resection cavity with microvascular anastomosis for revascularization. Subjective assessment included the short version of the Quick Disabilities of the Hand, Shoulder and Arm and patient related hand wrist evaluation scores. Objective assessment included strength and range of motion measurements. Radiographs were obtained preoperatively and at each follow‐up visit. An MRI was done at a mean of 19 months postoperatively.ResultsThe size of the harvested fascial grafts was 2 × 2–3 cm with a thickness of 1.5–2 cm. There were no postoperative complications apart from one seroma in the graft harvest site. The mean clinical and radiologic follow‐up was 2 years and 8 months. The procedure provided pain relief PRWHE pain 32 (SD 13)—9 (SD 12), p < 0.0001, increased tip pinch strength 4 kg (SD3)—6 kg (SD2), p < 0.05, and improved overall function PRWHE 60 (SD28)—16 (SD21), p < 0.0001 and QuickDash 50 (SD21)—13 (SD17), p < 0.0001. Radiographs demonstrated maintenance of the scaphometacarpal space, while MRI scans showed the presence of mildly edematous interposed tissue within the resection cavity.ConclusionsAlthough technically demanding, vascularized fascia presents an attractive alternative for the treatment of trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. It may be particularly advantageous in complex cases requiring revision surgery and in young patients with high functional demands.
Thermoring basis for heat unfolding‐induced inactivation in TRPV1
Authors: Wang Guangyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1) is a capsaicin receptor that employs use‐dependent desensitization to protect highly evolved mammals from noxious heat damage in response to repeated or constant heat stimuli. However, the underlying structural factor or motif has not been precisely resolved. In this computational study, the graph theory‐based grid thermodynamic model was used to reveal how temperature‐dependent noncovalent interactions, as identified in the 3D structures of rat TRPV1, could develop a well‐organized fluidic grid‐like mesh network. This network features various topological grids constrained as thermosensitive rings that range in size from the biggest to the smallest, governing distinct structural and functional traits of the channel in response to different temperature degrees. After discovering that heat unfolding of three specific biggest grids, one in the closed state and two in the open state, respectively, causes the reversible activation at 43°C and thermal inactivation between 56°C and 61°C, a smaller random grid was also found to be responsible for irreversible inactivation and use‐dependent desensitization from the pre‐open closed state within the temperature range of 43°C–61°C. Thus, these two distinct inactivation pathways of TRPV1 may be involved in protecting those mammals against noxious heat damage.Key Points
A perturbation at the protein–water interface was accompanied by partial heat or cold unfolding of the membrane protein.
A reversible or irreversible gating transition of an ion channel may result from a specific or random interaction between two active sites, respectively.
Kinetically driven protein aggregation was not the cause of thermodynamically trapped irreversible inactivation, but rather a later stage of partial heat‐induced unfolding.
First direct detection of large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on asteroid (162173) Ryugu samples: An interstellar heritage
Authors: Sabbah Hassan , Quitté Ghylaine , Demyk Karine , Joblin Christine 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered major players in the physics and chemistry of star‐ and planet‐forming regions. The interstellar PAH hypothesis is based on our understanding of the origin of the aromatic infrared bands (AIBs), a set of bright emission features that are now the focus of observations by the James Webb telescope. While AIB carriers are expected to be large free PAHs (50 carbon atoms or more), laboratory analysis of primitive carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) has mainly revealed relatively small PAHs, up to 24 carbon atoms. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of aromatic species in bulk samples from the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu using a surface mass spectrometry technique provided by two‐step laser desorption ionization. The resulting molecular distribution differs significantly from that obtained for a sample from the CC Orgueil, revealing aromatic species extending up to 61 carbon atoms. The species identified are composed of both peri‐condensed PAHs and non‐condensed aromatics. These results directly support the interstellar PAH hypothesis and open up new perspectives on the formation and evolution of organic matter in star‐forming regions and in the solar nebula.Key Points
First direct detection of free aromatic species of large sizes with up to 61 carbon atoms in primitive extraterrestrial matter by applying a highly sensitive two‐step laser mass spectrometry analysis to grain samples from the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu (Hayabusa2 mission).
First direct support for the interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) hypothesis, according to which large free PAHs are responsible for the aromatic emission bands that are major infrared features currently observed by the James Webb Space Telescope.
The large aromatic species detected are present in trace amounts and future research is needed to develop sensitive techniques for studying these compounds in sample return missions and meteorites.
Peripheral neuropathy prevalence and effect on mobility 12 months after prosthesis prescription among individuals with dysvascular lower extremity amputation
Authors: Norvell Daniel C. , Halsne Elizabeth G. , Henderson Alison W. , Turner Aaron P. , Biggs Wayne T. , Webster Joseph , Czerniecki Joseph M. , Morgenroth David C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy (PN) and its effect on mobility in patients who were prescribed a lower limb prosthesis (LLP) after an incident dysvascular transtibial (TT) or transfemoral (TF) lower extremity amputation (LEA). We also sought to determine if the effect of PN on mobility was modified by amputation level or depression.DesignParticipants were identified retrospectively through the Veterans Affairs (VA) Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW) from March 1, 2018, to November 30, 2020, then were contacted prospectively to obtain their self‐reported mobility. Multiple logistic regression was used to control for potential confounders and identify potential effect modifiers.SettingThe VA CDW, the National Prosthetics Patient Database, participant mailings and phone calls.ParticipantsThree hundred fifty‐seven individuals who underwent a TT or TF amputation due to diabetes and/or peripheral arterial disease and were fitted with a qualifying LLP.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcomes MeasuresThe Locomotor Capabilities Index basic and advanced mobility subscale scores.ResultsTwo‐hundred thirty seven participants (66%) had a diagnosis of PN prior to prosthesis prescription. The detrimental effect of PN on achieving basic and advanced mobility was significant after adjusting for potential confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30–0.94; p = .03 and aOR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24–0.77; p = .005, respectively). The detrimental effect of PN was more pronounced in patients with depression, especially for advanced mobility (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14–0.95; p = .04) versus no depression (aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.27–1.0; p = .07).ConclusionsPN is common in patients who have undergone an LEA due to diabetes and/or vascular disease and patients with this diagnosis should be carefully evaluated. Targeted rehabilitation programs to mitigate its potential detrimental effects on mobility are important and should specifically include mental health assessment and treatment.
Social determinants of health and somatic growth in preterm infants and children with chronic lung disease
Authors: Aoyama Brianna C. , McGrath‐Morrow Sharon A. , Collaco Joseph M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a common complication of prematurity, is associated with impaired lung function and increased morbidity in childhood. These children display heterogeneous somatic growth patterns which may ultimately impact their risk for later respiratory disease. We aim to understand the relationship between socioenvironmental exposures and growth in this population.MethodsA retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted using participants (n = 616) enrolled in the Johns Hopkins Outpatient BPD Registry. Growth measurements between 0 and 36 months of age were obtained. Somatic growth measurements, both corrected and uncorrected for gestational age, were converted to z‐scores using Center for Disease Control and Prevention normative data. Using a participant's residential zip code, we utilized the 2019 Area Deprivation Index (ADI), the Childhood Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0, and neighborhood food insecurity data from the Maryland Food Bank. Linear regression analysis was performed employing individual socioenvironmental measures as independent variables and growth z‐scores as dependent variables in univariate analysis. Univariate analysis was repeated adjusting for gestational age, BPD severity, and the presence of a gastrostomy tube (GT).ResultsOf the three measures analyzed, national COI (nCOI) showed a significant association with mean weight z‐scores, mean ADI showed some association with mean weight z‐scores, and the percentage of a community experiencing food insecurity showed no association with mean weight z‐scores. After adjusting for gestational age, BPD severity, and presence of a GT, children living in areas of greater opportunity (higher nCOI values), had significantly lower weight z‐scores at 12 months corrected and at 24 and 36 months uncorrectedConclusionsOur findings suggest that the COI 2.0, a multidimensional measure, captures more facets of an individual's social environment, as compared to the singular nature of a measure of food insecurity. There are several potential explanations for the phenomenon seen, and further understanding of this dynamic is crucial for designing effective interventions and policies to better address inequities in outcomes.Keywordsbronchopulmonary dysplasia, growth, social determinants of health