bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1479 – Schizophrenialike Psychosis - a Case Of a Hidden Neurosyphilis
Authors: Rio C. , Pinto H.C. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundRecent studies have shown an increase in the prevalence of infectious syphilis. If not treated, 30% of patients may develop tertiary syphilis, where neurosyphilis is included. Neurosyphilis can present a variety of psychiatry symptoms, including mania, depression, psychosis and dementia.MethodologyThe authors present a case of a persistent psychosis (similar to late schizofrenia) with 3 years of evolution in a 42-years old man. In the first hospitalization, the patient was clinically studied, namely with Venereal Disease Research Laboratories (VDRL) that was negative. Other possible causes for psychosis were excluded. His clinical state never improved significantly despite the high doses of antipsychotics.The hypothesis of syphilis was deeply studied with Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorption (FTA-ABS) and Treponema Pallidum Hemaglutination Assay (TPHA) which revealed positive results.A lumbar puncture was performed and cerebrospinal fluid analysis resulted in the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. The Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) had no abnormalities. The patient started the course of treatment for neurosyphilis with endovenous penicillin G.ResultsAfter the treatment of neurosyphilis, steady improvements were noted in psychotic and cognitive symptoms. After his discharge from the hospital he was medicated only with Lorazepam S.O.S.ConclusionsThis case emphasizes that neurosyphilis still has to be considered in the differential diagnosis within the context of psychiatric disorders even with no other signals suggesting this diagnosis. Psychiatric symptoms and cognitive dysfunction intensely respond to the correct treatment of neurosyphilis. Furthermore, this case shows that we should be alert for the VDRL false negatives
1480 – Psychopathological Disease And Emotion Regulation
Authors: Velotti P. , Garofalo C. , Zavattini G.C. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionResearch aims to understand how psychological mechanisms influence mental health. Accordingly, much of the studies in this field has been dedicated to clarifying how emotion regulatory strategies may be associated with increased psychopathology (Gross & John, 2003). Individuals regulate their emotions in a wide variety of ways.ObjectivesWe focus on two commonly used emotion regulation strategies: reappraisal (changing the way one thinks about a potentially emotion-eliciting event) and suppression (changing the way one responds behaviorally to an emotion-eliciting event).AimsWe analyze emotion regulation strategies (Gross & John, 2003) in order to examine their relation with a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology.MethodsEmotion regulation was assessed by means of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ, Gross & John, 2003), which taps two regulatory strategies, suppression and reappraisal. The psychopathological distress was assessed by the 90- item Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R; Derogatis, 1994) by indicating the degree of distress on a scale of 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely) caused by a list of problems during the past 7 days. The sample consisted of 548 individuals (age: M=32.97; DS=3.55 for male; M=31.29; DS=3.64 for female).ResultsIndividuals who reported low levels of suppression reported the lowest levels of psychopathological symptoms.ConclusionsOur findings highlight that the capacity to regulate emotions may be associated with reduced psychopathology and more adaptive functioning
1487 – Affective Temperament And Psoriasis: a Report Of 65 Adult Cases
Authors: El Kefi H. , Youssef Zaara S. , Souissi S. , Jouini F. , Edhif S. , Oumaya A. , Lakhal N. , Gallali S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPsychosocial stressors are found in 40 to 80% of patients with psoriasis. The inability to cope with a stressful situation can induce a flare up of psoriasis. Several factors modulate our adaptive response to stress such as affective temperament (AT).ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to determine the dominant AT in patients with psoriasis and the correlation between AT and clinical features of the disease.MethodsIt was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of sixty five subjects and two examiners were recruited. The evaluation of temperament was made thanks the Tunisian version of TEMPS-A.ResultsHyperthymic temperament (HT) was the dominant temperament in patients with psoriasis (70%). Patients with poor response to treatment had a higher prevalence of cyclothymic (CT), depressive (DT), irritable (IT) and anxious (AT) temperament. The prevalence of CT (p=0.039), DT and AT (p=0.032) was higher in patient with joint pain and pruritus. The stressful situations induce more flare up of psoriasis in patient with AT (p=0.006) and DT (p=0.06). A patient with HT reported minimal discomfort, the patient with IT, CT, DT and AT had daily to major discomfort.ConclusionPatients with psoriasis have the same dominant temperament than general population. However, the patients with AT, CT, DT and IT have more poor response to treatment and more functionally disabling symptoms (pruritus, joint pain). The impact on quality of life and expressed discomfort would be greater.
1491 – Psychogenic Mental Disorders In Women - Mothers Of Dead Military Man: a New Version Of a Depressive Syndrome
Authors: Pudikov I. , Romanov D. 
Published: July 2013

Modern war, more sophisticated methods of destruction act not only on the psychic of the military, but also on the civilian population, creating new clinical material, relatively unknown in the era of conventional wars. Prolonged reactive depression in mothers and wives of killed military personnel is one of them. The originality and the protracted course of mental state are associated with certain features of trauma. Inability to identify the body of the deceased is a key element of opportunistic situations in further defining the specificity of the clinical picture in patients of this group. The inability to fulfill the prescribed public burial ritual, the potential probability of erroneous report of son's death, the lack of time for lamentation with the body of the deceased, lack of rituals deprives women of important defense mechanisms of grief recovery. According to anamnesis, the inability to implement the ritual of lamentation with the victims caused the onset of anxiety, guilt feelings, burdensome feelings of mental anguish. Later (1-2 years) the status of women was characterized by contradictory combination of anxiety- melancholic background mood, guilt, feeling of internal strain, vague expectations, discomfort feeling of depersonalization.There are epistemological basis for allocating disorders in separate diagnostic categories:1.Phantom feelings are quite easily recognized, so that they can be recognized well with high level of consistency between clinicians.2.According to catamnesis, phantom experiences, welded with a specific, anxiety-melancholic affect tend to protracted, chronic course, maintaining their clinical identity and anguish, torturous content for the person
1494 – Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Reduces Depression Symptoms In People Who Have a Traumatic Brain Injury: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bedard M. , Felteau M. , Marshall S. , Cullen N. , Gibbons C. , Dubois S. , Maxwell H. , Weaver B. , Rees L. , Gainer R. , Mazmanian D. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionTraumatic brain injuries (TBI) may lead to persistent depression symptoms. We conducted several pilot studies to examine the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions to deal with this issue; all showed strong effect sizes. The logical next step was to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT).ObjectiveWe sought to determine the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for people with depression symptoms post-TBI (MBCT-TBI).MethodsUsing a multi-site RCT design, participants (mean age = 47) were randomized to intervention or control arms. Treatment participants received a group-based, 10-week intervention; control participants waited. Outcome measures, administered pre- and post-intervention, and after three months, included: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PHLMS) captured present moment awareness and acceptance.ResultsBDI-II scores decreased from 25.47 to 18.84 in treatment groups while they stayed relatively stable in control groups (respectively 27.13 to 25.00; p = .029). We did not find statistically significant differences on the PHQ-9 and SCL-90R post- treatment. However, after three months, all scores were statistically significantly lower than at baseline (ps < .01). Increases in mindfulness were associated with decreases in BDI-II scores (r[29] = -.401, p = .025).ConclusionsMBCT-TBI may alleviate depression symptoms up to three months post-intervention. Greater mindfulness may have contributed to the reduction in depression symptoms although the association does not confirm causality. More work is required to replicate these findings, identify subgroups that may better respond to the intervention, and refine the intervention to maximize its effectiveness.
1514 – Barahona Fernandes: a Helmsman In The 20th Century Portuguese Psychiatry
Authors: Canha J. , Rio C. , Rodrigues-Silva N. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionBarahona Fernandes (1907-1992) is considered one of the most distinguished portuguese psychiatrists and perhaps the most known outside the country. He did part of his studies in Germany, under orientation of prominent professors such as Carl Kleist and Kurt Schneider, and got contact with the philosophic theories of Karl Jaspers and Nicolai Hartmann. In Portugal, he leaded the Lisbon University Clinic where he developed his countless studies on mental health.ObjectivesThe authors shortly revisit the biography and some aspects of Barahona Fernandes’ works.AimsThis communication points out the singularities of his personality and work, and draws attention to the importance of his contributions on mental health.MethodsReview of the literature concerning the author’s publications and biography.ResultsThrough his whole work emerges the effort in a “converging view” that tries to integrate different influences and perspectives, in order to better achieve a coherent explanation of the human being. One of his theoretical models discusses the Personality - “Personalidade em Situaao” - in which he describes a complex organization based on comunicating hierarchical layers (from a biological foundation to a more noologic apex), subject to the interaction with the environmental features, in a homeostatic balance that can be disturbed.ConclusionsThe unique work of Barahona Fernandes constitutes an important material to apprehend the psychic experience. His “converging” theories try to capture a multi-dimensional structure of the human being and help clinicians to get a deeper understanding on the process of getting mentally ill
1519 – Significance Of Support Of World Psychiatric Association And European Psychiatric Association To Congresses Of National Psychiatric Associations - Case Of Bosnia-herzegovina
Authors: Pajević I. , Hasanović M. , Avdibegović E. , Račetović G. 
Published: July 2013

Bosnia-Herzegovina (BH) appeared as very complex geopolitical and demographical country after tragic 1992-1995 war and Daytona Peace Agreement. Besides all national professional medical associations, the Psychiatric Association of Bosnia- Herzegovina (PABH) is only one which is successfully established on the whole geopolitical space of BH. This Association organized the first national Congress which is the third Congress of psychiatrists after BH established trough Daytona Peace Agreement. In very humble financial occasions with world economic crisis it was very difficult to organize professional and scientific meeting with high level of realization. After communication with the leaders of World Psychiatric Association (WPA) and European Psychiatric Association (EPA) considering mutual collaboration, realization of this Congress was possible on very high level of scientific and professional achievements and performances.The Third Congress was Co-sponsored by WPA and under the patronage of EPA. WPA helped in engagement of ten distinguished university professors and researchers from USA, Australia, UK, South Africa, Pakistan, Germany, Italy and Austria but also with the workshop: “Partnership for mental health improvement in world: WPA recommendations for good practice in work with users of mental health services and their families”. EPA helped with two EPA academia CME courses: “Complexity of posttraumatic reactions” and “Psychoses-proneness: Clinical assessments of vulnerability”. All 30 university professors of psychiatry from Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina (region of former Yugoslavia) together with about 260 participants had opportunity to be informed about the most novel achievements in theory and practice of psychiatry and mental health care in the World.
1526 – Attenuation Of The Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis As a Consequence Of Childhood Adversity - a Possible Mechanism Of Sex-specific Vulnerability For Psychiatric Disorders In Adolescence?
Authors: Kaess M. , Simmons J.G. , Whittle S. , Allen N. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAlterations of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) may be related to the development of psychiatric disorders, especially in the context of childhood adversity. The “attenuation hypothesis” postulates that chronic childhood adversity leads to initial hyperactivation of the HPAA, which subsequently may turn into hypoactivation during adolescence, and support the development of emotional and behavioural problems. However, studies investigating this hypothesis during the course of adolescence are rare.MethodsThe sample comprised 49 adolescents (f/m 19/30), subsampled from a larger longitudinal study on adolescent development. Assessments were performed at three points in time (T1-T3). Pituitary Gland Volume (PGV) as an estimate of chronic HPAA activity was measured by MRI at T1 (mean age 12.5) and T3 (mean age 16.5). HPAA functioning was assessed via multiple salivary cortisol measures at T2 (mean age 15.5). The Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) was calculated as a measure of HPAA activity. Additionally, childhood adversity was assessed at T2 using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).ResultsThere was a significant sex-specific association of PGV at T1 and HPAA activity at T2. While PGV was positively predicting HPAA activity in boys, girls showed a reverse pattern (attenuation of the HPAA). A blunted CAR in girls was significantly related to their report of childhood adversity.ConclusionsThe results show that girls may have a higher tendency of attenuation of the HPAA in the context of childhood adversity and initial hyperactivation of the HPAA. This may contribute to their higher risk for diverse psychiatric disorders during adolescence.
1533 – A Naturalistic Study Of The Diagnostic Evolution Of Schizophrenia
Authors: Serrano-Drozdowskyj E. , Lopez-Castroman J. , Leiva-Murillo J.M. , Blasco-Fontecilla H. , Garcia-ieto R. , Artes-Rodriguez A. , Morant-Ginestar C. , Blanco C. , Courtet P. , Baca-Garcia E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionIn the absence of biological measures, diagnostic long-term stability provides the best evidence of diagnostic validity.Therefore,the study of diagnostic stability in naturalistic conditions may reflect clinical validity and utility of current schizophrenia diagnostic criteria.ObjectivesDescribe the diagnostic evolution of schizophrenia in clinical settings.MethodsWe examined the stability of schizophrenia first diagnoses (n=26,163) in public mental health centers of Madrid (Spain).Probability of maintaining the diagnosis of schizophrenia was calculated considering the cumulative percentage of each diagnosis per month during 48 months after the initial diagnosis of schizophrenia.Results65% of the subjects kept the diagnosis of schizophrenia in subsequent assessments (Figure 1). Patients who changed (35%) did so in the first 4-8 months. After that time gap the rates of each diagnostic category remained stable. Diagnostic shift from schizophrenia was more commonly toward the following diagnoses: personality disorders (F60), delusional disorders (F22), bipolar disorder (F31), persistent mood disorders (F34), acute and transient psychotic disorders (F23) or schizoaffective disorder (F25).ConclusionsOnce it is confirmed, clinical assessment repeatedly maintains the diagnosis of schizophrenia.The time lapse for its confirmation agrees with the current diagnostic criteria in DSM-IV. We will discuss the implications of these findings for the categorical versus dimensional debate in the diagnosis of schizophrenia.
1554 – Verbal Fluencies Associated Factors In Elderly
Authors: Caldas L. , Espirito-Santo H. , Matreno J. , Marques M. , Pena I.T. , Costa M.D. , Costa A. , Simões D. , Conde A. , Correia A.R. , Almeida R. , Moitinho S. , Rodrigues F. , Simões S.C. , Lemos L. , Daniel F. 
Published: July 2013

Verbal fluency (VF) involves complex processes and has been a good marker of cognitive decline. However, the literature is inconsistent concerning to witch factors are associated with VF.Our aims are to analyze the relationship between both phonemic verbal fluency (PVF) and semantic verbal fluency (SVF) and sociodemographic and psychopathological variables, and explore which emerge as significant predictors.A subsample of 429 of healthy institutionalized elderly from the Aging Trajectories at Coimbra Council Project were surveyed (60 to 100 years; mean age = 80.38 ± 7.24), the majority was women (76.9%), without a partner (82.2%), without education or with less than four years of education (85.7%), manual occupation (90.1%), and attending day care centers. We evaluated VF phonetically (letters P, M, R) and semantically (animals and food), anxiety symptoms through the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI), depressive symptoms through Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and feelings of loneliness through Loneliness Scale (UCLA).PVF was significantly related with education, occupation, GAI, and GDS. SVF was significantly associated with age, education, occupation, and GDS. Furthermore, SVF scores were worse in elderly men and in those living in night care center, and PVF scores were lower in those with high levels of anxiety symptomatology. In logistic regression analysis none of the variables accounted for the variance in PVF. The only predictor of SVF was sex. In conclusion, this study allowed us to elucidate the only key factor underlying verbal fluency. Being a man may affect SVF performance in institutionalized elderly.
1557 – Stigma And Burden Of Mental Illness: Finding Hope
Authors: Zaghloul A.S. , Mousa M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe lives of patients with mental illness and their families are often not drastically altered by the burden of mental illness only, but also by the stigma and society’s reactions to them.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to review the causes, magnitude, and consequences of stigma and burden of mental illness, and current successful interventions to overcome stigma and burden, with an emphasis on the role of psychiatric nurses.MethodA narrative literature review of articles related to stigma and burden of mental illness was conducted.ConclusionOvercoming the stigma and burden of mental illness is one of the great challenges facing mental health professionals. Psychiatric nurses can play a crucial role in eliminating stigma and reducing burden of mental illness, so patients with mental illness and their families can live free from discrimination and suffering.
1573 – Pain Disorder And Traumatic Experiences
Authors: Martins L. , Espirito-Santo H. 
Published: July 2013

There is a consensus of the importance of trauma in the etiology of somatoform pain. The association between particular types of trauma and medically unexplained pain has been reported. This research sought to examine the links between traumatic experiences and somatoform pain disorder (SPD), particularly to investigate the association between types of trauma and pain locations, and control the potential effect of sociodemographic and psychopathological variables in these associations. One group with SPD (n = 30) and a comparison group with patients without pathology of pain (n = 30) were assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus for diagnostic confirmation, a Map body of pain for the localization of pain, the Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Mean age was 44.25 (SD = 10.17), 43 were women and 17 men.SPD group had higher mean scores in all TEC areas, with 76.7% having more than two traumatic experiences, and higher mean BDI and BSI scores. Pain location correlated with trauma location (r = 0.52; p < 0.01) remaining significantly after controlling for age and sex. Bisserial correlations between groups of disorders and total trauma (r = 0.38, p < 0.01), emotional trauma (r = 0.30, p < 0.05), and trauma with body threat (r = 0.43, p < 0.01), lowered after controlling for the effect of symptomatology, however remained significant. These findings show that it is important to include the assessment of trauma in SPD to adequate the appropriated treatments.
1581 – Steroid Hormones Levels In Alcohol Dependent Patients Under Conditions Of Social Isolation
Authors: Bokhan N. , Gavrilova V. , Gusev S. , Ivanova S. 
Published: July 2013

According to literature data, steroid hormones are involved in development of aggressive behavior. In addition, it is shown that alcoholism is associated with alterations in the activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during chronic alcohol consumption and in withdrawal period as well.ObjectiveThe research aims to investigate the correlations between steroid hormones level alterations and aggression level among alcoholic patients under conditions of social isolation.Material and methodsSerum levels of cortisol and testosterone were measured in alcohol dependent males with aggressive behavior (n=60) and in alcohol-dependent non-aggressive males (n=27) being under conditions of social isolation. The control group consisted of 24 alcoholic patients during alcohol withdrawal. The hormone serum levels were measured with ELISA method. Statistical processing of results was carried out with software package SPSS for Windows.ResultsIn comparison with the control group, increase of cortisol concentration in patients under conditions of social isolation has been observed. Patients with aggressive behavior have shown the trend toward cortisol level increase as against nonaggressive alcohol-dependent males. Concentration of testosterone in the investigated groups did not differ from the one of control group.ConclusionsIncrease of cortisol level in the investigated groups is apparently a consequence of influence of the factor of social isolation, but also it might be associated with aggressiveness tendency of alcoholic patients. Steroid hormones may play a significant role in aggressive behavior of alcohol-dependent patients in the conditions of social isolation.