bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey investigating owner perceptions and management of firework‐associated fear in dogs in the Greater Sydney area
Authors: Mann AS , Hall E , McGowan C , Quain A 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of firework‐associated fear in dogs in Sydney, owner perception of their dog's response to fireworks, perceived efficacy of interventions to manage fearful behaviours and the frequency of dog owners seeking professional advice for these behaviours.MethodsDog owners in the Greater Sydney area were invited to complete an anonymous online survey.ResultsFrom 387 valid responses, 44.4% (171 of 385) reported their dogs were fearful of fireworks. The most common fear‐related behaviour was seeking an owner or caretaker (120 of 161, 74.5%). Most owners responded by bringing their dog inside or trying to comfort or reassure their dog. Only 22.5% of owners sought professional advice for their dog's fear of fireworks, but of these, 65.5% considered that advice to be effective. Source and breed group were significantly associated with fear of fireworks (P = 0.011, P = 0.036 respectively). Fear of fireworks was also significantly associated with fear of thunder (P < 0.0001), gunshots (P < 0.0001) and vehicles (P = 0.0009).ConclusionFear of fireworks and other loud noises negatively impacts canine welfare, yet only a small percentage of owners sought professional advice. There is scope for veterinarians to educate owners and raise awareness about the identification and management of noise‐associated fear and reduce the risk of escalation of fearful behaviours.
Register‐based study on prescription renewal without the prescriber meeting the patient
Authors: Rönngård‐Jalkanen Agnese , Aarnio Emma , Saastamoinen Leena , Timonen Johanna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRenewing prescriptions is important for the continuity of pharmacotherapy. However, renewing without the prescriber meeting the patient might lead to insufficient pharmacotherapy monitoring. This study investigated the prevalence of renewed prescriptions, prescriptions renewed without the prescriber meeting the patient and the factors associated with renewals made without meeting the patient. This register‐based study employed data on electronic prescriptions and health care contacts from Finnish registers. Prescriptions were classified as renewed if there was a renewal request or a previous prescription for the same ATC code. Prescriptions were considered as being renewed without meeting the patient if there was no patient contact on the renewal date. Descriptive and logistic generalized estimating equation analyses were conducted. The random sample of prescriptions (10%) from the year 2019 amounted to 2 804 048. Of these, 41.9% were original, 35.4% were renewals without meeting the patient and 22.7% were renewed with meeting the patient. Characteristics such as male sex, age 35–54 years, prescription for cardiovascular system preparations and the prescription being renewed during the summer (June–August) were associated with renewals made without meeting the patient. Further research is needed on the implementation of pharmacotherapy monitoring in the case of renewals without the prescriber meeting the patient.
Public discourse narratives: from ‘Secret Aid Worker’ discontent to shifting power in humanitarian systems
Authors: Strohmeier Hannah , Karunakara Unni , Panter‐Brick Catherine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPublic discourse is rich in meaning, reflecting consensus, dissent, and change. Yet, very little public discourse on the humanitarian sector has been authored by aid workers themselves. We conducted a thematic analysis of the ‘Secret Aid Worker’ (SAW) series, published in The Guardian newspaper between 2015 and 2018, the only corpus of data on humanitarian life experiences publicly accessible through mainstream media. Our research questions were twofold: how did authors frame their work and appraise humanitarian structures?; and how did they reflect and amplify humanitarian issues of the time? The main themes included: personal challenges of humanitarian life; characterisation of stakeholders; and systemic issues within the humanitarian sector. The SAW narratives reveal a powerful discourse of discontent. They planted seeds of change regarding shifting power, coloniality and racism, sexual abuse, and duty of care. We argue that such public discourse has symbolic power, calling for greater accountability, equity, and justice in remaking the future of the humanitarian sector.
Footwear fit as a causal factor in diabetes‐related foot ulceration: A systematic review
Authors: Jones Petra J. , Armstrong David G. , Frykberg Robert , Davies Melanie , Rowlands Alex V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsIncorrectly fitting footwear (IFF) poses a risk of trauma to at‐risk feet with diabetes. The aim of this systematic review was to summarise and assess the evidence that IFF is a statistically significant cause of ulceration.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar for English‐language peer‐reviewed studies reporting the number or percentage of people with diabetes‐related foot ulceration (DFU) attributed to wearing IFF and included a physical examination of the footwear worn. Two independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale.Results4318 results were retrieved excluding duplicates with 45 studies shortlisted. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria with most rated as fair (n = 6) or good (n = 3). There is some evidence that DFU is significantly associated with IFF, but this is limited: only 3 of 10 included studies found a statistically significant percentage of those with DFU were wearing IFF or inappropriate footwear which included fastening, material, type or fit (15.0%–93.3%). Risk of bias in these three studies ranged from ‘fair’ to ‘poor’. IFF definitions were often unreported or heterogeneous. Only one study reported IFF‐related ulcer sites: 70% were at plantar hallux/toes and 10% at plantar metatarsal heads.ConclusionsThere is some evidence that IFF is a cause of DFU, but further research is needed, which defines IFF, and methodically records footwear assessment, ulcer location and physical activity. Researchers need to uncover why IFF is worn and if this is due to economic factors, a need for footwear education or other reasons.
Favoritism under multiple sources of social pressure
Authors: Békés Gábor , Borza Endre , Fleck Márton 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhen social pressure leads to favoritism, policies might aim to reduce the bias by affecting its source. This paper shows that multiple sources may be present and telling them apart is important. We build a novel and granular dataset on European football games and revisit the view that supporting crowds make referees help the host team. We find this bias to remain unchanged even in stadiums closed due to Covid‐19. Instead, influential host organizations emerge as the source of social pressure. This has an adverse effect on maintaining the ranking of influential teams and hindering the progress of smaller teams.
Environmental gradients mediate dispersal evolution during biological invasions
Authors: Benning John W. , Clark Eliza I. , Hufbauer Ruth A. , Weiss‐Lehman Christopher 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRapid evolution of increased dispersal at the edge of a range expansion can accelerate invasions. However, populations expanding across environmental gradients often face challenging environments that reduce fitness of dispersing individuals. We used an eco‐evolutionary model to explore how environmental gradients influence dispersal evolution and, in turn, modulate the speed and predictability of invasion. Environmental gradients opposed evolution of increased dispersal during invasion, even leading to evolution of reduced dispersal along steeper gradients. Counterintuitively, reduced dispersal could allow for faster expansion by minimizing maladaptive gene flow and facilitating adaptation. While dispersal evolution across homogenous landscapes increased both the mean and variance of expansion speed, these increases were greatly dampened by environmental gradients. We illustrate our model's potential application to prediction and management of invasions by parameterizing it with data from a recent invertebrate range expansion. Overall, we find that environmental gradients strongly modulate the effect of dispersal evolution on invasion trajectories.
Existing datasets uncover complex interactions driving catches of a data‐poor recreational fishery in South Australia
Authors: Durante Leonardo Maia , Beckmann Crystal , Bailleul Frédéric , Ferguson Greg 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding drivers of effort and catch is important for sustainable management of recreational fisheries. For the Pipi (Latona deltoides) fishery in South Australia as a case study, publicly available datasets on fisher demography, market forces and internet connectivity improved understanding of fisher motivations and capabilities, identified different historical periods in the fishery and addressed temporal gaps in effort and catch estimates from on‐site surveys. Most variables were correlated with recreational effort and catch estimates from on‐site surveys and principal component analysis identified 2013–2014, 2015–2018 and 2019–2022 as distinct periods in the Pipi fishery. Results corroborated studies and anecdotal information that suggested declining availability and higher prices of local, commercially caught Pipi, and reduced imports of bivalves from Asia that previously supplied the South Australian bait market. Reduced availability and higher prices of Pipi likely motivated recreational fishers to gather their own bait to increase catch over the years. Similarly, increased internet and smartphone access and increased numbers of utility vehicles aided recreational catch efficiency of Pipi. Effective management of recreationally harvested resources requires understanding of external processes that drive fisher motivations and capabilities, particularly for stocks that are shared among fisheries. The need for improved data on fisher behaviour for management of recreational fisheries can be addressed by leveraging external information from available datasets. We recommend that the temporal gap between surveys should be less than 5 years, supplemented by analysing behavioural information collected from fishers during interviews.
Sarcopenia as a predictor of mortality in kidney transplant recipients: A 5‐year prospective cohort study with propensity score matching
Authors: Kosoku Akihiro , Iwai Tomoaki , Kabei Kazuya , Nishide Shunji , Machida Yuichi , Ishihara Takuma , Uchida Junji 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundSarcopenia is known to bring about adverse outcomes in elderly populations and dialysis patients. However, whether it is a risk factor in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) has not yet been established. In the present study, the association of sarcopenia with mortality was investigated in KTRs.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center prospective cohort study and recruited KTRs who were more than 1‐year posttransplant from August 2017 to January 2018. The participants were followed for 5 years, and the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess patient survival.ResultsA total of 212 KTRs with a median age of 54 years and median transplant vintage of 79 months were enrolled in this study. Among them, 33 (16%) had sarcopenia according to the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 at baseline. During the 5‐year follow‐up period, 20 (9.4%) died, 5 returned to dialysis after graft loss, and 4 were lost to follow‐up. The 5‐year overall survival rate was 90%. After 1:1 propensity score matching, a matched cohort with 60 KTRs was generated. The overall survival rate was significantly lower in the sarcopenia group compared to the non‐sarcopenia group (p = 0.025, log‐rank test). Furthermore, mortality risk was significantly higher in the sarcopenia group compared to the non‐sarcopenia group (hazard ratio = 7.57, 95% confidence interval = 0.94–62).ConclusionSarcopenia was a predictor of mortality in KTRs. KTRs with suboptimal muscle status who were at risk for poor survival could have a clinical benefit by interventions for sarcopenia.
Roles of Menin in T cell differentiation and function: Current knowledge and perspectives
Authors: Zhou Pingping , Liu Weiru , Ma Jian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe commitment to specific T lymphocytes (T cell) lineages is governed by distinct transcription factors, whose expression is modulated through epigenetic mechanisms. Unravelling these epigenetic mechanisms that regulate T cell differentiation and function holds significant importance for understanding T cells. Menin, a multifunctional scaffolding protein, is implicated in various cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, cell cycle control, DNA repair and transcriptional regulation, primarily through epigenetic mechanisms. Existing research indicates Menin's impact on T cell differentiation and function, while a comprehensive and systematic review is currently lacking to consolidate these findings. In the current review, we have highlighted recent studies on the role of Menin in T cell differentiation and function, focusing mainly on its impact on the memory Th2 maintenance, Th17 differentiation and maintenance, CD4+ T cell senescence, and effector CD8+ T cell survival. Considering Menin's crucial function in maintaining effector T cell function, the potential of inhibiting Menin activity in mitigating inflammatory diseases associated with excessive T cell activation has also been emphasised.
The prevalence of monotherapy and combination therapy in hypertension in China from 2019 to 2021: A nationwide population‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Luo Xiaoyang , Liu Wei , Sun Ningling , Bo Peili , Chen Yuanyuan , Han Qinghua , Li Nanfang , Lu Xinzheng , Mou Jianjun , Sun Gang , Zhang Yuqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere are no nationwide surveys on antihypertensive drugs in China. In order to assess the current status of antihypertensive drug therapy in patients with hypertension and analyzed factors that may affect combination therapy, using convenience sampling, we recruited 305,624 patients with hypertension from the Chinese Cardiovascular Association Database‐Hypertension Center between January 2019 and December 2021. Chi‐squared test was performed to analyze the administered antihypertensive drug types and their combinations in different hospital settings. Logistic regression was used to assess the factors influencing combination therapy. We found around 33.1% of the participants had stage 2 and above hypertension, of which 67.9% were treated with combination therapy. In community or general hospitals, the most common monotherapy was calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor inhibitor (ACEI/ARB) and diuretic were the main single‐pill combinations (SPCs), and ACEI/ARB and CCB were the main free combination. From 2019 to 2021, the rates of combination therapy increased (58.8%–64.1%) with SPCs from 25.9% to 31.0% and free combination from 31.9% to 32.6%. Patients aged < 60 years, with stage 2 and above hypertension, with an education level of high school and above, visiting general hospitals, living in the eastern region of China, with hypertension risk factors and comorbidities, and without anxiety or depression were more likely to receive combination therapy (all P < .05). The combination therapy use rate increased yearly and the rate of SPCs rose obviously. Individual, hospital, and regional differences in patients with hypertension influenced combination therapy.
Effect of salt substitute and antihypertensive medications among high cardiovascular risk patients: A sub‐study of Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS)
Authors: Qi Zijing , Tang Shuai , Hao Yubing , Li Yanxing , Hao Tianyou , Yang Hongmei , Shen Yijing , Huang Liping , Tian Maoyi , Feng Xiangxian , Li Zhifang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe relationship between the differential protective effect of salt substitute between hypertensive and normotensive individuals and the use of cardiovascular medications remains unclear. This study involved 4211 individuals with a history of stroke or hypertension who participated in the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS) from 120 villages in Shanxi Province. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in major adverse cardiovascular events and blood pressure changes between the salt substitute and the regular salt group in the subgroups of participants taking different antihypertensive medications. Mixed models were employed and adjusted for the cluster effect (village) and potential confounding variables. During the average follow‐up period of 4.66 years, a significantly protective effect of salt substitute on reducing the risk of cardiovascular events was observed in the participants who taking antihypertensive medications (rate ratio: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.95. p = 0.011), whereas no significant effect in participants not taking antihypertensive medications (rate ratio: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.32, p = 0.612). Significant effects to lower systolic blood pressure of the salt substitutes were observed in the participants who took different antihypertensive medications. This study emphasized that the use of salt substitutes might enhance the efficacy of anti‐hypertensive medications in lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events.
Strep Easy Kit; a bio‐enrichment dual ICG‐strip test for simultaneous detection of Streptococcus agalactiae serotypes Ia and III in fish samples
Authors: Himananto Orawan , Yoohat Kirana , Danwisetkanjana Kannawat , Kumpoosiri Mallika , Rukpratanporn Sombat , Theppawong Yada , Sukchai Nanthita , Siripaitoon Sirima , Areechon Nontawith , Unajak Sasimanas , Gajanandana Oraprapai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Strep Easy Kit, a bio‐enrichment dual ICG‐strip test, is a diagnostic tool designed for the detection of Streptococcus agalactiae, an important pathogenic bacterium in tilapia farming. The kit can simultaneously identify two different serotypes of S. agalactiae, serotype Ia and serotype III. This capability is crucial for the collection of valuable epidemiological data and facilitates strategic planning for effective vaccine development and deployment. The Strep Easy Kit consists of two main steps: pathogen enrichment and pathogen detection. The enrichment step increases the concentration of bacteria so that the bacterial load is raised to the level reliably detectable by the subsequent ICG strip test. This is achieved by incubating the fish samples in a suitable liquid medium under specified temperature and time conditions. The second step involves the use of the dual‐ICG strip test. This strip test consists of two monoclonal antibodies and one polyclonal antibody that are specific to S. agalactiae and can distinguish between S. agalactiae serotype Ia and S. agalactiae serotype III. This dual capability enables the ICG strip test to simultaneously detect both serotypes of S. agalactiae in a single test kit. The detection limit of the test kit, which consists of a dual ICG‐Strip test combined with an enrichment step, is 100 CFU/mL. The kit can be used to detect S. agalactiae in both live and dead fish samples, making it versatile for various testing scenarios. The test results obtained using the Strep Easy Kit have shown a 94.4% correlation with the standard method (Thai Agricultural Standard; TAS 10453‐2010), with 90.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Significant advantages of the Strep Easy Kit lie in its simplicity and portability, allowing farmers to perform the test by themselves and on‐site. This makes it a practical and accessible tool for the tilapia farming industry.
Inflammatory responses in Atlantic lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) after intraperitoneal injection of a vaccine against Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio salmonicida at different water temperatures
Authors: Knutsen Ingrid Svihus , Erkinharju Toni , Bøgwald Jarl , Dalmo Roy A. , Seternes Tore 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudying inflammatory responses induced by vaccination can contribute to a more detailed understanding of underlying immune mechanisms in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus). Tissue samples from lumpfish intraperitoneally immunized with a divalent oil‐adjuvanted vaccine (Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio salmonicida) at water temperatures of 5, 10, and 15°C were collected at 630 day degrees and 18 weeks post injection. The relative amount of secretory and membrane‐bound immunoglobulin M (IgM) gene transcripts in the head kidney was determined by qPCR. Vaccine‐induced inflammatory lesions were assessed on histological sections of abdominal pancreatic/intestinal tissue from vaccinated fish in all three temperature groups. Inflammatory cells forming dense aggregations in lesions showed proliferative activity, many of which were identified as eosinophilic‐granulocyte‐like cells. IgM+ cells were scattered in inflammatory tissue dominated by connective tissue, showing no difference in numbers between lesions from fish vaccinated at 5, 10, and 15°C. Relative gene expression analysis of secretory and membrane‐bound IgM revealed low overall expression in the head kidney of vaccinated fish at both 630 day‐degrees and 18 weeks post injection. The results of this study indicate that the vaccine stimulated prolonged local inflammatory responses at the injection site, which were not influenced by temperature.
Dental care access for children in the United States
Authors: Serban Nicoleta , Ma Simin , Yu Jiaxi , Anderson Annalea , Pospichel Katrine , Solipuram Shalini R. , Tomar Scott L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate access to dental care for children in the United States.MethodsThe study population included children in 48 states and the District of Columbia. Using multiple data sources, dental care access was estimated at the community level by matching dental care supply and demand using mathematical modeling accounting for access constraints. Outcome measures included percent‐met demand, travel distance, and percentage of underserved and unserved communities. Multiple scenarios to improve Medicaid/CHIP participation of dentists were evaluated.ResultsMedicaid‐insured and CHIP‐insured children exhibited lower access compared to those privately insured. The percent‐met demand was lower than 50% for Medicaid‐insured children and CHIP‐insured children for 42 and 34 states, respectively. Percent‐met demand was higher than 50% for private‐insured children except for Texas and West Virginia. Increasing Medicaid/CHIP participation of dentists resulted in improving access for public‐insured children. At 100% Medicaid/CHIP participation, all states exhibited different degrees of percent‐met demand increase for publicly insured children, from 7% to 46%. The percent‐met demand across all children ranged in 23.8%–82.9% under 70% participation rate versus 22%–83% under 100% participation rate. No single participation rate improved access for all children uniformly across all states.ConclusionsThis study found that dental care access was lower for children with public insurance than those with private access across all states, although states responded differently to changes in Medicaid/CHIP participation. Increasing access for children with public insurance would reduce disparities, but overall children's access to dental care would be better improved by expanding the oral health workforce.