bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of rare microorganisms in bone and joint infections by metagenomic next-generation sequencing
Authors: Hu Hongxin , Ding Haiqi , Lyu Jianhua , Chen Yang , Huang Changyu , Zhang Chaofan , Li Wenbo , Fang Xinyu , Zhang Wenming 
Published: August 2024

AimsThis aim of this study was to analyze the detection rate of rare pathogens in bone and joint infections (BJIs) using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and the impact of mNGS on clinical diagnosis and treatment.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 235 patients with BJIs who were treated at our hospital between January 2015 and December 2021. Patients were divided into the no-mNGS group (microbial culture only) and the mNGS group (mNGS testing and microbial culture) based on whether mNGS testing was used or not.ResultsA total of 147 patients were included in the no-mNGS group and 88 in the mNGS group. The mNGS group had a higher detection rate of rare pathogens than the no-mNGS group (21.6% vs 10.2%, p = 0.016). However, the mNGS group had lower rates of antibiotic-related complications, shorter hospital stays, and higher infection control rates compared with the no-mNGS group (p = 0.017, p = 0.003, and p = 0.028, respectively), while there was no significant difference in the duration of antibiotic use (p = 0.957). In culture-negative cases, the mNGS group had lower rates of antibiotic-related complications, shorter hospital stays, and a higher infection control rate than the no-mNGS group (p = 0.036, p = 0.033, p = 0.022, respectively), while there was no significant difference in the duration of antibiotic use (p = 0.748).ConclusionmNGS improves detection of rare pathogens in BJIs. mNGS testing reduces antibiotic-related complications, shortens hospital stay and antibiotic use duration, and improves treatment success rate, benefits which are particularly evident in culture-negative cases.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(8):401–410.
Experiences of researchers with disabilities at academic institutions in the United States
Authors: Castro Franz , Cerilli Caroline , Hu Luanjiao , Iezzoni Lisa I. , Varadaraj Varshini , Swenor Bonnielin K. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
People with disabilities are underrepresented in higher education, facing systematic obstacles such as inaccessible communication and physical environments and difficulties obtaining accommodations. This study aims to shed light on barriers to accessibility and disability inclusion in research institutions through confidential qualitative interviews with researchers with disabilities.

Methods
We recruited participants via virtual flyers. Eligibility criteria included working in the United States (U.S.) as researchers that had applied for grant funding (last five years), and self-identifying as having a disability. We offered participants (total n = 35) the option of either semi-structured one-on-one live or written interviews based on their preference. Two study team members analyzed written and live responses using thematic analysis to identify themes.

Results
Themes included identity/visibility, career trajectories, accessibility, accommodations, bias, representation, and inclusion. Some participants reported not disclosing their disabilities at work or during hiring processes due to fear of negative perceptions from peers or potential employers. Experiences around stigma and bias were noted both in professional relationships and when interacting with disability service offices, underscoring difficulties and delays in processes to secure accommodations. Respondents highlighted the lack of disability inclusion and low representation of people with disabilities in academia and elevated the importance of self-advocacy and of role models and mentors in shaping career pathways for future researchers with disabilities.

Conclusion
Researchers with disabilities encounter systematic barriers at academic institutions, and lack of acknowledgement and research on these experiences has held back institutional and policy changes. To reduce disparities for researchers with disabilities, academic leadership must allocate resources to address ableism, create more inclusive environments, and raise standards beyond compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act.
Quality assurance interventions in blended learning design: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Benson Helen , Williams Kylie A , Heggart Keith 
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift in higher education towards blended and online learning, prompting a need for robust quality assurance interventions. Blended learning, a combination of face-to-face and online experiences, offers flexibility and individualised learning paths, but its quality varies across institutions. Quality assurance interventions play a crucial role in monitoring and enhancing the effectiveness of blended learning programs. This systematic literature review examined existing literature on quality assurance interventions in blended learning within higher education. The review highlights the importance of evaluating the impact of these interventions on student performance and the educational landscape. It also emphasises the need for evidence-based frameworks for benchmarking and assessment. The review identifies four key intervention approaches: professional development courses, communities of practice and mentoring, audit frameworks and learning design support. Each approach has its strengths and can contribute to improving the quality of blended learning. Future research should focus on multifaceted interventions that combine these approaches to enhance the skills of academics and elevate the standard of blended learning across institutions.

Implications for practice or policy:

This review can guide higher education institutions in implementing quality assurance activities to enhance their online and blended learning offerings.
Evidence-based approaches that institutions can adopt include professional development courses, communities of practice and learning design support interventions.
Petrogenetic relationship between plutonic and subvolcanic rocks in the Jurassic Shuikoushan complex, South China
Authors: Wang Dan , Fu Yong , Chen Lie-Meng , Hu Qian , Zhang Zhi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
There has been a longstanding debate on whether plutonic and subvolcanic rocks have a petrogenetic connection, and the Jurassic Shuikoushan caldera complex in South China serves as an ideal case study for unraveling this geological puzzle. SIMS U–Pb dating of zircon indicates the formation age of plutonic (granodiorite) and subvolcanic rocks (dacite porphyry and rhyolite porphyry) from the Shuikoushan caldera complex at ca.159 Ma. In terms of geochemical composition, granodiorite and dacite porphyry exhibit higher levels of MgO (1.98–3.63%), MnO (0.07–0.11%), FeOt (5.12–6.15%), Sr (342–547 ppm), and Ba (754–1200 ppm) compared to the rhyolite porphyry. Conversely, they show lower concentrations of Rb (2.04–27.1 ppm), as well as lower ratios of Rb/Sr (0.004–0.055) and Rb/Ba (0.004–0.023). The distinct but complementary geochemical characteristics between these rock types are evident in the Shuikoushan caldera complex. Overall, zircon grains from all three rock types exhibit similar negative ε
Hf(t) values (–8.1 to –12.4) with high δ
18O values (8.3–9.7‰), suggesting a common source region. Based on lithological and geochemical evidence, it is proposed that the rhyolite porphyry represents extracted melt from the mush reservoir. In contrast, the granodiorite and dacite porphyry are residual melts enriched in cumulates. This interpretation supports the idea that crystal–melt segregation processes were crucial in connecting the late Jurassic subvolcanic and plutonic rocks within the Shuikoushan complex.
UV–vis spectroscopy as a rapid method for evaluation of total phenolic hydroxyl structures in lignin
Authors: Smyk Nataliia , Sjöström Jenny , Henriksson Gunnar , Sevastyanova Olena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Phenolic hydroxyl groups in lignin are crucial for understanding its structure, reactivity, and potential applications. Various methods have been developed for the determining phenolic groups in lignin. This study focuses on the comparison of a simple, cost-effective, and time-efficient UV–vis ionization difference technique with the highly accurate 31P NMR spectroscopy for analyzing lignin samples of different origins and isolation methods. The results were carefully evaluated, and the strengths and limitations of each method were discussed. Two eco-friendly UV–vis approaches were proposed for a rapid and comprehensive evaluation of the total phenolic-OH groups: one using a strong alkaline solution for analyzing common types of technical lignins, and another employing multipoint wavelength calculations, effective for analyzing softwood lignins regardless of the extraction method. Additionally, the research highlighted the importance of selecting appropriate model phenolic compounds to accurately assess the phenolic hydroxyl group content in lignins using the UV–vis method. Offering straightforward and rapid analysis, with results closely aligning with 31P NMR data, this method is a promising alternative for routine analysis.
Recent trends in medicinal applications of mercury based organometallic and coordination compounds
Authors: Maqsood Fozia , Al-Rawi Sawsan S. , Ibrahim Ahmad H. , Jamil Faisal , Zafar Ayesha , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan , Shoukat Umar Sohail , Asad Mohammad , Zia Sami Ullah , Ahmad Farhan , Atif Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Metal-based drugs are finding new medical applications, particularly in antibacterial therapies. Compounds such as Prontosil and ciprofloxacin, as well as its derivatives such as beta-lactam drugs, aminoglycosides, vancomycin, fosfomycin, as well as tetracyclines, play critical roles in the prevention of bacterial and fungal infections. The increasing prevalence of microbial resistance is prompting the use of metal complexes to tackle fungal and bacterial strains. Mercury-based complexes, which are known for their unusual characteristics and reactivity, have received a lot of interest in the field of medicine recently. Additionally, Schiff base complexes are widely used as antifungal, antibacterial, and anticancer drugs, as well as in dye manufacturing. This article discusses current advances in the use of mercury compounds for combating fungus and bacteria, offering information on their efficacy and future applications.
Spectrum of 14N17O isotopologue in the region 5200–5550 cm-1. Spectroscopic parameters for v = 3 state
Authors: БОРКОВ Ю.Г. , СУЛАКШИНА О.Н. , СЕРДЮКОВ В.И. , СИНИЦА Л.Н. 
Published: August 2024

Впервые с помощью Фурье-спектрометра Bruker IFS-125M с разрешением 0,0056 см-1зарегистрирован спектр молекулы 14N17O в области 5200–5550 см-1. Анализ спектра позволил обнаружить 83 колебательно-вращательные линии полосы 3–0 для основных переходов в электронном состоянии Х2Pмолекулы 14N17O. Для 29 L-дублетов определены положения и относительные интенсивности каждой из компонент. Найдены параметры L-удвоения. Для оставшихся неразрешенных 25 дублетов также определены положения и относительные интенсивности центра дублета. Максимальное значение вращательного квантового числа Jравно 24,5. Найденные экспериментальные положения линий в полосе 3–0 подтвердили корректность рассчитанных положений линий, приведенных в базе данных ExoMol. Проведена обработка частот зарегистрированных переходов, взвешенных в соответствии с экспериментальными погрешностями, и определены спектроскопические постоянные для колебательного состояния v = 3. С найденными постоянными выполнены предсказательные расчеты волновых чисел вращательных уровней колебательного состояния v = 3 до J = 30,5 и частот переходов в колебательной полосе 3–0 для электронных состояний 2P1/2и 2P3/2. Расчеты показали согласие с данными, приведенными в базе данных ExoMol, в пределах указанной погрешности.
The absorption spectrum of the 14N17O molecule in the range 5200–5550 cm-1was recorded for the first time using a Bruker IFS-125M Fourier spectrometer with a spectral resolution of 0.0056 cm-1. An analysis of the spectrum made it possible to detect 83 vibrational-rotational lines of the 3–0 band of the main transitions in the X2Pelectronic state of the 14N17O molecule. For 29 resolved doublets, the positions and relative intensities of each component of a doublet are determined. The spectroscopic L-parameters are found. For the remaining 25 unresolved doublets, the positions and relative intensities of the doublet center are also determined. The maximum of the rotational quantum number Jwas 24.5. The found experimental line positions in the 3–0 band confirmed the calculated data given in the ExoMol database. The frequencies of registered transitions weighted in accordance with experimental uncertainties have been processed, and the spectroscopic constants for the vibrational state v = 3 have been determined. With the found spectroscopic constants, predictive calculations were made of the rotational energy term values up to J = 30.5 in the vibrational state v = 3 and, accordingly, the transition frequencies of the 3–0 vibrational band for 2P1/2and 2P3/2electronic states. The calculations performed showed agreement with the data given in the ExoMol database, within the error specified.
Influence of Zinc, Selenium and Germanium citrates nanoparticles on hematological and biochemical parameters of rabbits under moderate heat stress
Authors:   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stusa str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Yuzviak M. 
Published: August 2024

Climate change leads to increased environmental temperatures, which negatively affects the bodies of animals. Rabbits do not have sweat glands and are not able to regulate their body temperature, which, under conditions of heat stress, disrupts the physiological processes of the body: body thermoregulation, respiration, immune function, endocrine regulation, blood parameters, reproductive capacity, which are critical factors in ensuring the functioning of the body. In recent years, in order to mitigate heat stress, considerable attention has been focused on compounds produced by nanotechnology, which have a positive effect on the animal body compared to organic and inorganic substances and have a wide range of biological effects. However, the effect of macro- and microelement nanoparticles on the mammalian body depends on the amount used. Therefore, the purpose of the experiment was to study the hematological and biochemical parameters of rabbits after weaning under moderate heat stress by feeding Zinc, Selenium and Germanium citrates produced by nanotechnology.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN LONCAT KANGKANG MELALUI PERMAINAN SISWA KELAS 4 SD NEGERI KIDAL KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Saputra Lulut Gilang , Tushawandi Tushawandi 
Published: August 2024

Objective: This research aims to improve straddle jumping agility gymnastics skills through games. Method: The research design is action research which was carried out in two cycles consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection in each cycle, the number of research subjects was 32 class IV students at SD Negeri Kidal, Malang Regency. Data collection techniques include observation and field notes. The data analysis technique in this research uses quantitative analysis techniques in the form of numbers and percentages. Results: In cycle I, the average score obtained by students after performing the straddle jump movement was 74,85 with a completion percentage of 56.25%, in cycle II there was an increase with the average score obtained by students of 81,55 with a learning completion percentage of 81.25%. So that the application of the game can improve the straddle jumping agility gymnastics skills of fourth grade students at SD Negeri Kidal, Malang Regency.
Mutual Perception of Russia and the United States through the Prism of Strategic Foreign Policy Documents (1991—2023)
Authors: Borovsky Yury 
Published: August 2024

The article considers the mutual perception of Russia and the United States in the core foreign policy documents published in the period from 1991 to 2023. Attempts to explore the mutual perception of the two countries through the prism of official foreign policy documents and, moreover, over a long period of time, allowing to see evolutionary changes, have not yet been made. In the course of the study, the author came to the following main conclusions. Since 1991, Russia and the United States have maintained a consistently high interest in each other, but their mutual perception, expressed on a doctrinal level, is developing in a progressively negative way. From 1991 to 2023, the image of the United States has radically changed in the eyes of Russia — from a priority partner and potential ally to a country that represents the main threat; from the world’s leading democracy to a global hegemon and a neocolonial power; from the indisputable world leader to one of the sovereign centres of global development. Since 1991, the United States has also fundamentally changed its perception of Russia — from a new democracy to an autocracy; from a valuable partner to an existential threat, an extremely dangerous country and a revisionist power; from a weak, struggling state to a key center of influence in the world. The Ukrainian crisis that broke out in 2014 has became a really turning point in terms of the parties’ transition to an explicitly negative mutual perception within their foreign policy documents. The onset of Russia’s Special Military Operation in Ukraine in 2022 has only reinforced this trend. Given the growing antagonism in the mutual perception of the two countries, one can expect either a further escalation of tension in their relations, fraught with a direct clash, or a detente. As foreign policy documents show, each of the parties does not reject mutual cooperation and normalization of relations, but fundamentally conditions them, expecting certain actions from the other side.
ANALYSIS THE DEVELOPMENT OF TAKALLAM PROGRAM MANAGEMENT AT AL-AZHAR PARE KEDIRI COURSE INSTITUTE
Authors: Satyaningrum Retnowati , Bahrun Muhammad Farhan , Al-latifatuzzahra Siti Safira , Marlina Leny , Hilmi Danial 
Published: August 2024

Takallam program of Al-Azhar Pare Kediri is one of the most popular programs. This program has 3 levels in the learning process which each level has a target achievement that has been arranged systematically. The purpose of this study is to analyze the history of the development of the Takallam program of Al-Azhar Pare Kediri Course Institute from the beginning of the emergence of the program until this current time. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods and data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The analysis technique used through 3 stages, namely data reduction, data exposure, and conclusions. The data sources in this study are primary and secondary data sources. Primary data sources are mudir (director) and teachers of Al-Azhar Pare Kediri Course Institute, while secondary sources are books, journal houses, articles and proceedings to support the necessary theory and analysis. The results of the analysis found are that there are two phases in the development of the Takallam class at Al-Azhar Pare Kediri course institution, namely the initial phase and the development phase. The initial phase began in 2013 and the development phase began in 2022. Then three things that become the challenges of Al-Azhar Pare Kediri course institution are first, the awareness of Arabic-speaking participants or members in Al-Azhar Pare Arabic village varies, such as teachers who allow participants to speak Indonesian or speak directly to participants. Second, updating modules or materials which of course takes a long time. Third, arousing and increasing participants' interest in speaking Arabic.
Hubungan Keaktifan Berorganisasi dengan Perilaku Prokrastinasi Akademik pada Aktivis Organisasi UIN Malang
Authors: Rossyka Maqhfira Maulia 
Published: August 2024

Organisasi mahasiswa membantu mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan kemampuan dalam bidang sosial, kepribadian, dan kognitif. Namun, terdapat fakta yang menyatakan bahwa keaktifan dalam berorganisasi menjadi faktor dari adanya masalah pada kuliah yaitu prokrastinasi akademik (penundaan). Tujuan dari adanya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara keaktifan berorganisasi dengan perilaku prokrastinasi akademik pada mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi angkatan 2021 yang aktif mengikuti organisasi internal kampus. Variable independent pada penelitian ini adalah “keaktifan berorganisasi” dan variable dependent “prokrastinasi akademik”. Skala yang digunakan adalah skala keaktifan berorganisasi dan prokrastinasi akademik. Teknik pengambilan sample menggunakan nonprobability dengan teknik sample jenuh. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 88 orang mahasiswa psikologi angkatan 2021 yang aktif mengikuti organisasi intra kampus. Berdasarkan uji korelasi menggunakan spearman disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara keaktifan berorganisasi dengan perilaku prokrastinasi akademik dengan perolehan (r) = -0,324 dan taraf signifikansi p = 0,004 (p<0,005) berarti hipotesis diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara keaktifan berorganisasi dengan prokrastinasi akademik pada mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi angkatan 2021 yang aktif mengikuti organisasi intra kampus. Pada uji deskriptif diketahui skala keaktifan berorganisasi mendekati jumlah ideal yaitu 3.502 dari 4.400. Sedangkan, skala prokrastinasi akademik masuk dalam kategori sedang yaitu 1.544 dari 3.520.
Rationale and Protocol of ETERNITY-ITA Study: Use of Etelcalcetide for Preserving Vitamin K-Dependent Protein Activity Italian Study
Authors: Fusaro Maria , Aghi Andrea , Marino Carmela , Mallamaci Francesca , Plebani Mario , Zaninotto Martina , Grano Maria , Colucci Silvia Concetta , Gallieni Maurizio , Nickolas Thomas L. , Giannini Sandro , Sella Stefania , Simioni Paolo , Bazzocchi Alberto , Guglielmi Giuseppe , Taddei Fulvia , Schileo Enrico , Versace Maria Carmela , Tripepi Giovanni Luigi 
Published: August 2024

Background and objectives: Chronic Kidney Disease and Mineral Bone Disorders (CKD-MBD) are frequently associated with an increased risk of both Vascular Calcifications (VCs) and bone fractures (BFs). The complex pathogenesis of VCs and BFs involves various factors such as calcium overload, phosphate imbalance, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Key players, such as the vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) matrix Gla protein (MGP) and osteocalcin (BGP), have pivotal roles both for VCs and BFs. The Vitamin K Italian (VIKI) dialysis study, highlighted that hemodialysis patients treated with calcimimetics had higher levels of total BGP and MGP as compared to those untreated, suggesting a potential protective effect of these drugs on BFs and VCs, beyond the beneficial effect to reduce PTH levels. Methods: ETERNITY-ITA is a multi-center, comparative effectiveness, observational, longitudinal study that will enroll 160 hemodialysis patients (80 patients treated with Etelcalcetide and 80 age and sex-matched patients treated with Calcitriol or vitamin D analogs). Nephrologists will tailor the target dose of Etelcalcetide on individual level to achieve the KDIGO PTH target. In the Etelcalcetide-treated group, the addition of calcitriol will be allowed when required by clinical practice (for correction of hypocalcemia). Conclusion: The study will evaluate the real-world effect of Etelcalcetide on VKDP levels, such as BGP and MGP, at 3, 9, and 18 months from baseline. The resulting preservation of vascular and bone health will be assessed for the first time by examining aortic and iliac artery calcifications and vertebral fractures, respectively. Keywords: bone fractures; etecalcetide; hemodialysis; vascular calcification; vitamin K