bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of UCNPs‐aptamer‐AuNPs luminescence energy transfer probe for ratio detection of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Cheng Juanjuan , Wei Xinru , Wang Lun , Chen Hongqi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA ratio luminescence probe was developed for detecting Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) based on luminescence energy transfer (LET) using double‐wavelength emission (550 nm and 812 nm) upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as donor, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as acceptor and the aptamer for S. aureus as the specific recognition and link unit. The LET process could cause luminescence quenching because of the spectral overlap between the acceptor and the donor at 550 nm. In the presence of S. aureus, S. aureus selectively combined with the aptamer, and the AuNPs left the surface of UCNPs, which weakened the quenching effect and restored the luminescence of UCNPs. Based on this, the ratio detection was realized by monitoring the change of the luminescence signal of the probe at 550 nm and taking the luminescence signal at 812 nm as the reference signal. Crucially, the probe has a fast reaction speed, with a reaction time of 25 min, and the detection of S. aureus is realized in the concentration range of 5.0 × 103–3.0 × 105 CFU/ml, with the detection limit of 106 CFU/ml. Therefore, the ratio probe has great potential for detecting of S. aureus in food because of its high sensitivity, fast speed and good selectivity.
Inhibitory Activity of Compounds Isolated from Ligustrum robustum (Roxb.) Against HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells: Isocubein and 4‐(2‐Acetoxyethyl)phenol as Potential Candidates
Authors: Nong Thi Anh Thu , Le Thi Thanh Huong , Vu Van Tuan , Nguyen Mai Quynh , Can Dinh Quang Hung , Dong Thi Hoang Yen , Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao , Hoang Van Hung , Nguyen Phu Hung 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMany herbal species in the genus Ligustrum have been shown to contain compounds with anti‐cancer biological activity. This study aimed to isolate some compounds from the leaves of Ligustrum robustum (Roxb.) Blume (L. robustum) and evaluate their effects against liver cancer cells. As a result, seven previously reported compounds (1–7) were isolated, including four lignans (1–4) and three phenolic derivatives (5–7). The structures of these compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods and comparison with reported data. All isolates were assessed for their inhibitory effects on HepG2 liver cancer cells. Screening results revealed that two compounds, isocubein (3) and 4‐(2‐acetoxyethyl)phenol (7), exhibited strong inhibitory activity against cell proliferation, with IC50 values of 3.1±0.9 and 4.5±14 μM, respectively. Further analyses demonstrated that both compounds could suppress the formation and development of 3D tumorspheres in terms of quantity and size. Additionally, isocubein (3) and 4‐(2‐acetoxyethyl)phenol (7) exhibited the ability to inhibit the migration of HepG2 cells. This study represents the first report on the inhibitory activity against HepG2 liver cancer cells of extracts and isolated compounds from L. robustum, providing valuable information for future research aiming to develop products for liver cancer treatment.
GC/MS Analysis and Compounds Isolation of Lycium shawii Petroleum Ether Seeds Extract for Regulating Nrf2/OH‐1 Pathway, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Acrylamide‐Induced Infertility in Female Rats
Authors: Nasr Noha N. , Elbatanony Marwa M. , Hamed Manal A. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAcrylamide is formed during heating of starchy foods at high temperature and induces reproductive toxicity. Our study is designed to evaluate the chemical constitution and anti‐infertility effect of Lycium shawii seeds extract on female rats. Nutritional profile was estimated, and major active compounds were isolated and identified. Biological evaluation of L. shawii extract on female rats was performed and measured by prolactin, follicular stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, progesterone, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6, heme oxygenase‐1, nuclear respiratory factor‐2, malondialdehyde, glutathione, DNA fragmentation, and ovarian architecture parameters. Data revealed the presence of ɤ‐tocopherol, vitamin C, magnesium, and 38 bioactive compounds in the fractions of L. shawii. Major constituents from gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were 9, 12‐octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z), methyl ester, 2,7‐octadiene‐1,6‐diol, and 2,6‐dimethyl hydroxy linalool but further five compounds (i.e., lupenone, betulin, lupeol acetate, stigmasterol, and β‐sitosterol‐d‐glucoside) were isolated and identified. Treatment of rats with the seeds extract post acrylamide administration ameliorated female sex hormones, oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and ovarian structure. In conclusion, L. shawii petroleum ether seeds fraction may be considered a nutraceutical agent for improving infertility disorders, oxidative stress, and inflammation due to its richness with biologically active phenolic and flavonoids compounds.
Structure‐Guided Drug Design Targeting Abl Kinase: How Structure and Regulation Can Assist in Designing New Drugs
Authors: Martins. Diego M. , Fernandes Philipe O. , Vieira Lucas A. , Maltarollo Vinícius G. , Moraes Adolfo H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe human protein Abelson kinase (Abl), a tyrosine kinase, plays a pivotal role in developing chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Abl's involvement in various signaling pathways underscores its significance in regulating fundamental biological processes, including DNA damage responses, actin polymerization, and chromatin structural changes. The discovery of the Bcr‐Abl oncoprotein, resulting from a chromosomal translocation in CML patients, revolutionized the understanding and treatment of the disease. The introduction of targeted therapies, starting with interferon‐alpha and culminating in the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like imatinib, significantly improved patient outcomes. However, challenges such as drug resistance and side effects persist, indicating the necessity of research into novel therapeutic strategies. This review describes advancements in Abl kinase inhibitor development, emphasizing rational compound design from structural and regulatory information. Strategies, including bivalent inhibitors, PROTACs, and compounds targeting regulatory domains, promise to overcome resistance and minimize side effects. Additionally, leveraging the intricate structure and interactions of Bcr‐Abl may provide insights into developing inhibitors for other kinases. Overall, this review highlights the importance of continued research into Abl kinase inhibition and its broader implications for therapeutic interventions targeting kinase‐driven diseases. It provides valuable insights and strategies that may guide the development of next‐generation therapies.
Heme‐Enzymatic Biocatalysis for C−C or C−N Bond Formation
Authors: Weng He , Huang Meilan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe C−C or C−N bond formation is critical in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other value‐added products; however, traditional metal‐catalysed synthesis has brought about environmental and resource issues. A plethora of engineered heme‐dependent enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, have exhibited enormous potential in biocatalysis for C−C or C−N bond formation. With the development of computational and spectroscopic methods, the mechanisms underlying heme‐catalysed C−C or C−N bond formation have been extensively investigated. In the presence of carbene or nitrene precursor, an active iron porphyrin carbene (IPC) or iron porphyrin nitrene (IPN) is formed, which subsequently reacts with a second substrate to form new C−C or C−N bonds. Apart from the widely studied IPC/IPN‐facilitated catalytic pathway, halide‐initiated radical cyclization pathway and Cpd‐I‐catalysed diradical pathway have also been proposed. These mechanistic insights have enabled rational engineering and de novo design of heme enzymes. This review summarises recent mechanistic advances in heme enzymatic C−C or C−N bond formation and presents successful applications of mechanism‐based enzyme design. It would shed light on the development of tailored biocatalysts for the synthesis of complex but valuable industrial products.
Understanding the Self‐Reconfiguration Properties of a Novel Spinel‐Type High‐Entropy Catalyst
Authors: Qin Chunrun , Wang Chao , Liao Mingzheng , Du Yanping , Gao Jiming , Wu Yanbing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐entropy oxides (HEOs), known for their excellent thermodynamic stability due to their high‐entropy effect. In this study, high‐entropy (NixAlCoCrMn)3O4 oxides of spinel structure were synthesized by sol‐gel method. This HEO has a self‐reconfiguration properties in the reaction, and its internal Ni and Co ions exsolve to form a uniformly dispersed NiCo alloy on the surface. The increase of Ni content promotes the exsolution of Ni and Co ions from the interior of the spinel. The high‐entropy with a large number of oxygen vacancies not only possesses a stable structure to limit the migration of NiCo alloys, but also enhances the hydrogen overflow. In the CO methanation reaction, it has 99 % CO conversion with 87 % methane selectivity within 400 °C, and it is stable in the long‐term test. This work provides a new idea for exploring the use of high‐entropy materials to improve thermal catalytic activity and stability.
Synthesis of Chabazite Zeolite via Faujasite Conversion Using 1‐(1‐Methylpropyl)‐4‐aza‐1‐azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Hydroxide as Cost‐Effective Structure‐Directing Agent
Authors: Wu Ziwei , Sun Han , Deng Quanzheng , Han Lu , Lv Penggang , Chen Haijun , Duan Hongchang , Zhu Kake 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCu‐exchanged chabazite zeolite is the state‐of‐the‐art used on‐board catalyst for NOx selective reduction by ammonium (NH3‐SCR), and the zeolite is currently generated in the presence of N,N,N‐trimethyl‐1‐adamantylammonium hydroxide, serving as organic structure‐directing agent (OSDA). The expensiveness of this OSDA increases the catalyst production cost, while its low degradability brings about environmental concerns in post treatment of waste water. Here, a new type OSDA, 1‐(1‐methylpropyl)‐4‐aza‐1‐azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane hydroxide, is proposed to direct Faujasite‐to‐Chabazite inter‐zeolite conversion and generate chabazite with Si/Al ratio up to 7.2. The obtained zeolite possesses high hydrothermal stability for the high crystallinity, siliceous framework and low concentrations of Si(2Si, 2Al) sites. The Cu‐form catalyst exhibits better catalytic performance in standard NH3‐SCR process for the tiny crystallite size (35–258 nm) and formation of highly dispersed copper sites. The synthesis offers a new type of OSDA to fabricate zeolites and expands the toolkit to regulate their physicochemical properties.
Conversion of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural and Carbohydrates to 2,5‐Diformylfuran Over MoOx/Biochar Catalysts
Authors: Yang Delong , Du Ziting , Dai Jinhang , Cao Qingya , Xiang Zhaobao , Chen Gang , Li Fukun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHere, a series of nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC) supported transition metal oxide catalysts were prepared by pyrolysis of chitosan‐metal salt mixtures for the efficient synthesis 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF) from 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and fructose. Among them, supported molybdenum‐based species on nitrogen‐doped carbon (Mo/NC) exhibited excellent activity and selectivity for selective oxidation of HMF to DFF. The presence of nitrogen species reduces the electron cloud density around the Mo species, thereby improving the catalytic activity. Moreover, the interaction between active MoO2 species on the catalyst surface and NC ensured the stability of the catalyst, resulting in no significant loss of activity after four catalytic cycles. 99.5 % and 55.1 % yields of DFF with full conversion were obtained from HMF and fructose respectively over Mo/NC‐chitosan‐600 in DMSO under ambient air. In order to enhance DFF yield from fructose, sulfonate groups were introduced into Mo/NC‐chitosan‐600 catalyst, leading to the highest DFF yield of 70.2 %. In addition, this catalyst also allowed 10.0%, 22.9% and 33.3% DFF yields from glucose, sucrose and inulin, respectively.
Network traffic classification based‐ masked language regression model using CNN
Authors: P. L. Steffi , Emmanuel W. R. Sam , Rani P. Arockia Jansi 
Published: July 2024

SummaryNetwork traffic classification task has become increasingly challenging. The objective behind this classification is to effectively handle bandwidth, prioritize certain types of traffic, enhance application performance, and more. In recent times, there has been a surge in exploring deep learning approaches for network traffic categorization. However, these models demand substantial volumes of training data. Additionally, many classification methods necessitate manual feature extraction, a process that is not only time‐consuming but also laborious. Addressing the challenge of identifying optimal features to enhance classification accuracy, this work introduces a deep learning model designed for effective classification of network traffic. The model comprises the following key stages: (a) The dataset involves TCP flows captured from running different network stress and web crawling tools, (b) Pre‐processing for removal of anomalies and noises using Label Encoder and OneHotEncoder, (c) The utilization of K‐BERT for feature extraction aims to retrieve local spatial–temporal features, (d) feature selection using linear regression model (LASSO) and finally, and (e) The classification of network traffic involves neural network. The model serves to enhance the precision and efficiency of the classification mission. Through comprehensive experimental analysis, it was observed that the Masked Language‐based Regression model surpassed other referenced models, achieving an exceptional accuracy of 0.97.
Back to the future: Using herbarium specimens to isolate nodule‐associated bacteria
Authors: Petipas Renee H. , Antoch Amanda A. , Eaker Ashton A. , Kehlet‐Delgado Hanna , Friesen Maren L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerbarium specimens are increasingly being used as sources of information to understand the ecology and evolution of plants and their associated microbes. Most studies have used specimens as a source of genetic material using culture‐independent approaches. We demonstrate that herbarium specimens can also be used to culture nodule‐associated bacteria, opening the possibility of using specimens to understand plant–microbe interactions at new spatiotemporal scales. We used historic and contemporary nodules of a common legume, Medicago lupulina, to create a culture collection. We were able to recover historic bacteria in 15 genera from three specimens (collected in 1950, 2004, and 2015). This work is the first of its kind to isolate historic bacteria from herbarium specimens. Future work should include inoculating plants with historic strains to see if they produce nodules and if they affect plant phenotype and fitness. Although we were unable to recover any Ensifer, the main symbiont of Medicago lupulina, we recovered some other potential nodulating species, as well as many putative growth‐promoting bacteria.
Species turnover and functional nestedness constitute the geographic patterns of stream diatoms in the Three Parallel Rivers region, China
Authors: Hu Jiancheng , Xu Nuo , Ao Sicheng , Tan Lu , Li Xianfu , Cai Qinghua , Tang Tao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnraveling biodiversity patterns and their driving processes is paramount in ecology and biogeography. However, there remains a limited understanding regarding the underlying mechanisms of community assembly, particularly in alpine streams where significant elevation gradients and habitat heterogeneity exist. We investigated the patterns and drivers of beta diversity, explicitly focusing on taxonomic and functional diversity, in the three parallel rivers region in China. We employed a beta diversity partitioning approach to examine the turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity and further deconstructed the diatom community into attached and unattached groups. Our results revealed distinct diversity patterns and drivers for taxonomic and functional beta diversity. Specifically, taxonomic beta diversity was mainly driven by the turnover component affected by spatial processes, whereas functional beta diversity was dominated by the nestedness component affected by environmental processes. Furthermore, our analysis of the division of the whole communities demonstrated that the varying responses of benthic diatoms with different attached abilities to environmental filtering, dispersal limitation, and directional flow were the essential reasons for shaping the biodiversity patterns of species turnover and functional nestedness in the alpine stream. Our findings suggested that partitioning beta diversity and dividing the entire community can more deeply infer underlying community assembly processes, thereby providing valuable insights into understanding biodiversity patterns, drivers, and conservation strategies.
Hybridization in palms (Arecaceae)
Authors: Bacon Christine D. , Hill Adrian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHybridization has significant evolutionary consequences across the Tree of Life. The process of hybridization has played a major role in plant evolution and has contributed to species richness and trait variation. Since morphological traits are partially a product of their environment, there may be a link between hybridization and ecology. Plant hybrid species richness is noted to be higher in harsh environments, and we explore this hypothesis with a keystone tropical plant lineage, palms (Arecaceae). Leveraging a recent literature review of naturally occurring palm hybrids, we developed a method to calculate hybrid frequency, and then tested if there is phylogenetic signal of hybrids using a phylogeny of all palms. Further, we used phylogenetic comparative methods to examine the interaction between hybrid frequency and presence in dry environments, on islands, and the species richness of genera. Phylogenetic generalized least squares models had stronger support than models of random association, indicating phylogenetic signal for the presence of hybrids in dry and island environments. However, all p‐values were >.05 and therefore the correlation was poor between hybridization and the trait frequencies examined. Presence in particular environments are not strongly correlated to hybrid frequency, but phylogenetic signal suggests a role in its distribution in different habitats. Hybridization in palms is not evenly distributed across subfamilies, tribes, subtribes yet plays an important role in palm diversity, nonetheless. Increasing our understanding hybridization in this economically and culturally important plant family is essential, particularly since rates are projected to increase with climate change, reconfiguring the dynamics and distribution of biodiversity.
Photochemical Synthesis and Characterization of a Uranyl Peroxide Triethylamine N‐Oxide Dimer
Authors: Lottes Brett , Carter Korey P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA μ‐peroxido‐bis[di‐triethylamine N‐oxide‐dichloro‐dioxouranium] complex with the formula [(UO2)2O2(ON(CH2CH3)3)4Cl2] (complex 1) was synthesized photochemically from a reaction containing uranyl chloride, triethylamine, and H2O2. The photochemical breakdown of H2O2 yielded ⋅OH radicals that reacted with triethylamine to form triethylamine N‐oxide (TEAO) in situ, which subsequently coordinated to UO22+ cations in a monodentate fashion via the N‐oxide functional groups. Structure determination using single crystal X‐ray diffraction revealed that TEAO ligands also formed intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds with UO22+ and peroxide moieties, and the intermolecular H‐bonding interactions displayed a temperature dependence with Oyl ‐ ‐ H−C and Oper ‐ ‐ H−C distances shortening at 100(2) K by ca. 0.1 Å. Raman spectroscopy data were collected on single crystals of 1 and peak fitting of these results allowed for assignments of peaks including C−N stretches for TEAO ligands bound to UO22+ cations at 696.8 cm−1, 717.8 cm−1, and 776.5 cm−1, which are redshifted by 30–40 cm−1 when compared to free triethylamine. UO22+ ν1 and O22− ν1 stretches, U−Oper stretches, and notably, U−Cl stretches were all identified as well, with U−Cl modes at 198.9 cm−1 and 212.1 cm−1 substantially redshifted compared to the uranyl chloride starting material.
Does powerlessness motivate men and women to endorse sexism?
Authors: Hammond Matthew D. , Overall Nickola C. , Sibley Chris G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeople who feel powerless are motivated to gain power, which may include men endorsing hostile sexism to affirm societal power or women endorsing benevolent sexism to affirm power in relationships. We used four waves of an annual longitudinal panel sample (N = 58,405) to test whether within‐person changes in powerlessness predicted subsequent changes in men's hostile sexism and women's benevolent sexism. Results from a random intercept cross‐lagged panel model indicated that men who generally felt more powerless tended to endorse hostile sexism, but within‐person tests did not provide directional evidence linking men's powerlessness with hostile sexism. By contrast, women who generally felt more powerless endorsed benevolent sexism more strongly, and small within‐person lagged effects indicated that upward deviations in women's powerlessness in 1 year predicted stronger endorsement of benevolent sexism the following year. These results provide novel evidence that powerlessness motivates women's benevolent sexism and their toleration of gender inequalities.