bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteolysis Affecting the Jaws in Systemic Sclerosis: Clinical and Osseous Changes Based on a Case Presentation
Authors: Delantoni A. , Matziari E. 
Published: October 2015

Objectives The aim of the current paper is to present a case of systemic sclerosis of the jaws with all the characteristics and some extensive findings. Methods Systemic sclerosis is a connective tissue condition characterized by chronic inflammatory changes, presenting with a number of symptoms. The paper aims to present a case of systemic sclerosis that had some of the characteristics of the condition unilaterally. The features were prominent and well demarcated on the panoramic radiograph. Results The panoramic radiograph of the patient showed extensive condylar head resorption almost to the level of complete flattening. Discussion The rarity of the condition and the awareness the oral radiologist must have upon presentation of similar images is the main reason for the presentation of the case. The features the case presents are both characteristic and well demarcated. Finally, the authors try to alert the clinician, who should be mindful of the fact that sclerodermatous involvement of organ systems is so pleotropic, that it may include the oral cavity, which is not always thoroughly observed, and is often left unattended by medical practitioners.
The Influence of Habitat on the Quality Characteristics of the Green Macro Alga Caulerpa lentillifera Agardh (Caulerpaceae,Chlorophyta)
Authors: Delan Gloria G. , Legados Julieto A. , Pepito Ador R. , Cunado Venerando D. , Rica Rachel Luz , Abdon Hector C. , Ilano Anthony S. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The seaweed Caulerpa lentillifera is commonly utilized as food for human in many Asian countries. It is an efficient bio-filter, despite its ability to absorb pollutants from the habitat of sources.This study determine the influence of habitat on the quality characteristics of the green macro alga, Caulerpa lentillifera, taken from the different sources. Purposive sampling was used with samples taken from Bohol and Cebu islands, throughout the three (3) trials. Samples from Bohol islands were obtained from the culture ponds; while samples from Cebu islands were taken from both the culture ponds and from the wild. The sea-grapes were analyzed for the presence of heavy metals, lethality assay, bacterial count, direct pollution indicators and proximate composition. Data obtained were treated statistically using ANOVA at 5percent level of significance. Results of the study showed significant difference on heavy metals (Hg and Pb) from various seaweed sources. High concentrations of heavy metals were found in all the seaweed samples from Cebu compared with that of the Bohol samples. In terms of lethality assay (LC 50), the wild samples from Cebu significantly showed higher lethal values compared with that obtained from Bohol samples. As to the bacterial count (cfu/g), the wild samples from Cebu showed the lowest Aerobic Plate Count of 9.3 x 103 cfu/g. However, higher bacterial counts were obtained from Cebu samples that were taken from the two culture ponds co-cultured with milkfish. Across sites, the proximate composition of all the sea-grape samples from Cebu and Bohol also showed significant difference. In terms of E. coli, all the samples have shown no significant difference, with <1.0 x 10 cfu.g-1. Regarding the indicators of direct pollution, all the samples from both islands showed low levels of direct pollutants, such as PO4 , NH3, and NO3 . Based on the results of this study, sea-grapes showed varying quality characteristics as influenced by the habitat or sources they were obtained. As a bio-filter, the quality characteristics of the seaweed are indicators of the various pollutants found from the habitat or sorces.
Theory and experiment of Differential Acoustic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Vogelaar Bouko B. S. A. , Smeulders David M. J. , Harris Jerry M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractRecent advances in Differential Acoustic Resonance Spectroscopy (DARS) techniques have given rise to applications in the field of poromechanics. We report on the experimental demonstration of bulk modulus measurements on poroelastic samples at sonic frequencies (1 kHz) with DARS. Normal mode perturbation is due to scattering of a foreign object (i.e., a rock sample) within an otherwise fluid‐filled resonator. The perturbation theory on an elastic object determines its bulk modulus (inverse compressibility). The experimental bulk modulus of medium‐ to high‐permeability (>10 mD) poroelastic samples is in agreement with predictions from quasi‐static loading of a porous sphere using the Biot theory. This result demonstrates that pore fluid flow governs the dominant relaxation process of the rock during compression. For low‐permeability samples (<10 mD), pressure equilibration via slow wave diffusion is limited, and only qualitative agreement is found between the upper bound (Gassmann undrained modulus) and the lower bound (volume‐weighted compressibilities of the two constituents). DARS experiments, in conjunction with the poroelastic theory presented here, allow one to infer such rock physical properties as the effective bulk modulus at sonic frequencies.
Antenna gain and link budget for waves carrying orbital angular momentum
Authors: Nguyen Duy Kevin , Pascal Olivier , Sokoloff Jérôme , Chabory Alexandre , Palacin Baptiste , Capet Nicolas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper addresses the RF link budget of a communication system using unusual waves carrying an orbital angular momentum (OAM) in order to clearly analyze the fundamental changes for telecommunication applications. The study is based on a typical configuration using circular array antennas to transmit and receive OAM waves. For any value of the OAM mode order, an original asymptotic formulation of the link budget is proposed in which equivalent antenna gains and free‐space losses appear. The formulations are then validated with the results of a commercial electromagnetic simulation software. By this way, we also show how our formula can help to design a system capable of superimposingseveral channels on the same bandwidth and the same polarization, based on the orthogonality of the OAM. Additional losses due to the use of this degree of freedom are notably clearly calculated to quantify the benefit and drawback according to the case.
Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Process Conditions on the Morphology in Injection Molding of Polymer Blends
Authors: Liu Fen , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yun , Huang Zhigao , Ying Jiru , Xie Xiaolin , Zhou Huamin 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe effects of process conditions on the morphological evolution in injection molding of polymer blends are investigated with experimental methods. Numerous injection molding tests on isotactic polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer blends are conducted under varying process conditions, including the injection rate, melt temperature, packing pressure, packing time, and cooling time. The mean radius and deformation rate of dispersed phase of the moldings are observed and measured. Comparison of the experiments suggests a fine predictive competence and different influence degrees with variation of the injection molding process conditions.
Efficient Access to Bicyclo[4.3.0]nonanes: Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Silylative Cyclization of Cyclohexadienone‐Tethered Allenes
Authors: He Zhi‐Tao , Tang Xiao‐Qi , Xie Li‐Bo , Cheng Mian , Tian Ping , Lin Guo‐Qiang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe creation of three consecutive chiral carbon centers in one step is achieved using Cu‐catalyzed asymmetric silylative cyclization of cyclohexadienone‐tethered allenes. Through regioselective β‐silylation of the allene and subsequent enantioselective 1,4‐addition to cyclohexadienone, this tandem reaction could afford cis‐hydrobenzofuran, cis‐hydroindole, and cis‐hydroindene frameworks with excellent yields (80–98 %) and enantioselectivities (94–98 % ee) bearing vinylsilane and enone substructures. Meanwhile, this mild transformation is generally compatible with a wide range of functional groups, which allows further conversion of the bicyclic products to bridged and tricyclic ring structures.
A Novel Strategy to Reveal the Latent Abnormalities in Human Embryonic Stages from a Large Embryo Collection
Authors: Kanahashi Tohoru , Yamada Shigehito , Tanaka Mire , Hirose Ayumi , Uwabe Chigako , Kose Katsumi , Yoneyama Akio , Takeda Tohoru , Takakuwa Tetsuya 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe cause of spontaneous abortion of normal conceptuses remains unknown in most cases. The study was aimed to reveal the latent abnormalities by using a large collection of embryo images from a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) database and novel phase‐contrast radiographic computed tomography (PXCT). MRI from 1,156 embryos between Carnegie stage (CS) 14 and CS23 from the Kyoto Collection were screened by using the volume of the liver as the target organ. Embryos with liver volumes ≥2 SD above or below the mean for the stage of development were screened and examined precisely on MRI. Embryos with potentially abnormal livers were further analyzed by using PXCT. Liver abnormality was detected in all 7 embryos in the extra‐small liver group and in 2 of 8 embryos in the extra‐large liver group. The abnormalities in the extra‐small liver group consisted of hepatic agenesis (2 embryos), hepatic hypogenesis (4), and liver lobe defect (1). Among the 7 extra‐small liver group, 2 had only liver abnormalities and 5 exhibited complications in other organs. Of the 2 embryos in the extra‐large liver group, one had only a single liver abnormality and the other had a morphologically abnormal liver with complications in other organs. Most of such liver abnormality cases are not survive, as liver function becomes essential. The prevalence of liver malformations in CS18 and CS21 in the intrauterine population of externally normal embryos is approximately 1.7%. The present study is the first step toward the elucidation of the latent abnormalities resulting in spontaneous abortion in externally normal embryos. Anat Rec, 299:8–24, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cadmium Sulfide Nanorods Decorated with Copper Sulfide via One‐Step Cation Exchange Approach for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution under Visible Light
Authors: Sun Zijun , Liu Xiang , Yue Qiudi , Jia Hongxing , Du Pingwu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPhotocatalytic hydrogen production by means of water splitting has attracted significant attention to convert solar energy into chemical energy. In this present study, a facile one‐step cation exchange approach was used to prepare CuxS decorated on CdS nanorods (CuxS/CdS NRs, x=1–2) for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production in water under visible light irradiation (λ>420 nm). Under optimal conditions, the highest H2 production rate achieved was ≈111 μmol h−1 and the apparent quantum yield reached ≈7 %. Efficient transfer processes of photogenerated charge carriers from CdS to CuxS, which can be attributed to the uniform distribution of CuxS on the CdS surface, were confirmed by steady‐state photoluminescence (PL) spectra and time‐resolved photoluminescence spectra. All the results indicate that this low‐cost cation exchange reaction is a promising method to construct an efficient system for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Determination of Core–Shell Structures in Pd‐Hg Nanoparticles by STEM‐EDX
Authors: Deiana Davide , Verdaguer‐Casadevall Arnau , Malacrida Paolo , Stephens Ifan E. L. , Chorkendorff Ib , Wagner Jakob B. , Hansen Thomas W. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe structural and elemental configuration of a high‐performing Pd‐Hg electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction to hydrogen peroxide has been studied by means of high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. Pd‐Hg nanoparticles are shown to have a crystalline core–shell structure, with a Pd core and a Pd‐Hg ordered alloy shell. The ordered shell is responsible for the high oxygen reduction selectivity to H2O2.
Combined Imine Reductase and Amine Oxidase Catalyzed Deracemization of Nitrogen Heterocycles
Authors: Heath Rachel S. , Pontini Marta , Hussain Shahed , Turner Nicholas J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA novel amine oxidase (AO)/imine reductase (IRED) system was developed for the deracemization of racemic amines. By combining (R)‐6‐hydroxy‐d‐nicotine oxidase (6‐HDNO) with an (R)‐IRED, a panel of racemic 2‐substituted piperidines and pyrrolidines were deracemized to yield the (S)‐amines in high yields and enantiomeric excess values. Other N‐heterocycles were deracemized with monoamine oxidase (MAO‐N) or 6‐HDNO in combination with ammonia borane, which allowed comparison of the two enzyme deracemization approaches with that involving a chemical reducing agent.
OSDA‐Free Zeolite Beta with High Aluminum Content Efficiently Catalyzes a Tandem Reaction for Conversion of Glucose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Otomo Ryoichi , Yokoi Toshiyuki , Tatsumi Takashi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractOrganic structure‐directing agent (OSDA)‐free zeolite Beta with high Al content exhibit remarkably high catalytic performance in the conversion of glucose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by virtue of their appropriate acid properties; specifically, a sufficient number of Lewis acid sites were generated by calcination of the NH4‐form zeolite, while the original Brønsted acid sites were substantially maintained, with both acid sites being in close proximity. The OSDA‐free Beta catalyst, having a large number of Brønsted acid sites and sufficient Lewis acid sites, showed superior catalytic performance to a physical mixture of each type of acid catalyst with a similar number of each acid site. This behavior could be ascribed to the high reactivity and slow intrazeolitic diffusion of fructose. The structure of the Al species active in the isomerization of glucose to fructose is discussed based on relationships between catalytic activities and changes in Al species by the calcination, changes that were observed by 27Al magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR and IR spectroscopies.
Electrocatalytic Activities of Chemically Reduced Graphene Are Essentially Dominated by the Adhered Carbonaceous Debris
Authors: Li Xiaomeng , Ma Danyang , Zhu Liande 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDue to its simple, scalable, and facile qualities, the chemical reduction of graphene oxide seems to be the most popular approach to prepare graphene. We show that such prepared graphene is strongly adhered with carbonaceous debris that has been produced during the synthesis of graphene oxide by the chemical exfoliation of graphite and still remain on graphene sheets through the chemical reduction steps. Interestingly, the presence of the carbonaceous debris causes a significant impact on the electrochemical behavior of the chemical reduced graphene. Herein, we demonstrate that the electrocatalytical activities of the graphene are greatly boosted by the adhered carbonaceous debris. After the removal of the carbonaceous debris, the electrocatalysis of graphene is not superior to conventional graphite.
Identification of Cellular MicroRNA Coupling Strand Displacement Polymerization and Nicking‐Endonuclease‐Based Cleavage
Authors: Miao Peng , Tang Yuguo , Zhang Qi , Bo Bing , Wang Jue 
Published: October 2015

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are collaborators from a group at Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and a group at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine. The cover picture shows the design of an electrochemical method for cellular microRNA detection coupling strand displacement polymerization and nicking‐endonuclease‐mediated cleavage. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201500249.
Control and Study of the Stoichiometry in Evaporated Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Teuscher Joël , Ulianov Alexey , Müntener Othmar , Grätzel Michael , Tétreault Nicolas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractHerein, we present the precise stoichiometric control of methlyammonium lead iodide perovskite thin‐films using high vacuum dual‐source vapor‐phase deposition. We found that UV/Vis absorption and emission spectra were inadequate for assessing precisely the perovskite composition. Alternatively, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) is used to give precise, reproducible, quantitative measurements of the I/Pb ratio without systematic errors that often result from varying device thicknesses and morphologies. This controlled deposition method enables better understanding of the evaporation and deposition processes; methylammonium iodide evaporation appears omnidirectional, controlled using the chamber pressure and incorporated in the film through interaction with the unidirectionally evaporated PbI2. Furthermore, these thin‐films were incorporated into solar cell device architectures with the best photovoltaic performance and reproducibility obtained for devices made with stoichiometric perovskite active layers. Additionally, and particularly pertinent to the field of perovskite photovoltaics, we found that the I–V hysteresis was unaffected by varying the film stoichiometry.
Voltammetric Determination of Metronidazole Using a Sensor Based on Electropolymerization of α‐Cyclodextrin over a Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Hernández‐Jiménez Arturo , Roa‐Morales Gabriela , Reyes‐Pérez Horacio , Balderas‐Hernández Patricia , Barrera‐Díaz Carlos E. , Bernabé‐Pineda Margarita 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAn electrochemical sensor for metronidazole (MTZ) was built via the surface modification of a carbon paste electrode (CPE) by a film obtained through electropolymerization of α‐cyclodextrin (CPEα‐CD). The CPEα‐CD was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), by both techniques was demonstrated that the polymer film is coating the electrode surface. The electroreduction behaviour of MTZ in HClO4 media as a supporting electrolyte was studied by differential‐pulse voltammetric (DPV) technique. The DPV electrochemical process was observed to be diffusion controlled and irreversible. Under optimal conditions, the peak current was proportional to MTZ concentration in the range of 0.5 to 103.0 μM with a detection limit of 0.28±0.02 μM. The method was successfully applied to quantify of MTZ in pharmaceutical formulations. In addition, this proposed MTZ sensor exhibited good reproducibility, long‐term stability and fast current response.
Thiourea Based Dipodal Receptor Development for Electrochemical Detection of Br− Ion in an Aqueous Medium
Authors: Singh Narinder , Billing Beant Kaur , Singh Jasminder , Agnihotri Prabhat K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThiourea based dipodal receptor (R1) was developed and characterised using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. Using re‐precipitation method, R1 was processed into organic nanoparticles (N1), evaluated its sensor activity in aqueous medium. The prepared N1 were characterized using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) which shows 30 nm size. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) was employed for calculating average particle size. To imply N1 as sensor, its interaction with various anions was studied and found reasonable selectively for Br− ions with detection limit of 3.79 nM. For real life analysis, involving determining Br− from environmental samples, proposed sensor works successfully with accuracy more than 95 %.
Embryotoxicity of maternally transferred methylmercury to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)
Authors: Nielsen Kristin M. , Soulen Brianne K. , Overturf Carmen L. , Drevnick Paul E. , Roberts Aaron P. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant and potent neurotoxin. In aquatic environments, Hg can be transformed into methylmercury (MeHg), which bioaccumulates in aquatic food webs, including fish. Methylmercury has been shown to transfer from female fish to developing eggs; however, relatively little is known regarding the effects of maternally transferred MeHg on fish embryos. The present study evaluated the effects of maternally transferred MeHg on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos. Embryos were collected from adult fatheads exposed for 30 d to 1 of 3 diets spiked with MeHg: a control diet (0.02 ppm Hg dry wt), a low diet (0.87 ppm Hg dry wt), or a high diet (5.5 ppm Hg dry wt). No effects on spawning frequency, clutch size, or total egg output were observed. In embryos, Hg concentration was a function of female diet and the duration (number of days) of female exposure. Compared with controls, embryos from the low-diet treatment displayed altered embryonic movement patterns (hyperactivity) and decreased time to hatch. Embryos from the high-diet treatment had delayed hatching and increased mortality compared with the other treatments. Collectively, these results suggest that maternally transferred Hg may impact survival, behavior, and developmental milestones of the embryo-larval stages of fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1436–1441. © 2015 SETAC
Short-term toxicity of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate to early life stages of the rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus)
Authors: Luo Si , Wu Benli , Xiong Xiaoqin , Wang Jianwei 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Nitrogenous pollutants including ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate are a widespread concern in natural waters and aquaculture. In the present study, the toxicity of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate to rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) in the early life stage were evaluated by 2 short-term toxicity tests. In the short-term toxicity test, conducted on embryo and sac-fry stages, 30 fertilized eggs with 3 replicates were randomly exposed to varying levels of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate until 3 d posthatch (dph). In the 7-d larval subchronic toxicity test, 30 newly hatched larvae with 3 replicates were randomly exposed to varying levels of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate until 7 dph. The results showed that the 7-d larval subchronic toxicity test was more sensitive than the short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages. Both toxicity tests revealed that ammonia was most toxic to rare minnows, followed by nitrite and nitrate. High levels of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate decreased growth, retarded development, and increased mortality. The no-observed-effect concentrations of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate for larval growth were 2.49 mg L−1, 13.33 mg L−1, and 19.95 mg L−1 nitrogen, respectively. The present study's results demonstrate that nitrogenous pollutants pose a threat to wild populations of rare minnows and provide useful information for establishing water quality criteria for this laboratory fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1422–1427. © 2015 SETAC
Effects of dietary exposure of polycyclic musk HHCB on the metamorphosis of Xenopus laevis
Authors: Pablos María Victoria , Jiménez María Ángeles , San Segundo Laura , Martini Federica , Beltrán Eulalia , Fernández Carlos 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

The compound 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-[γ]-2-benzopyrane (HHCB; galaxolide, Chemical Abstracts Service number 1222-05-5) is a synthetic musk used extensively as a fragrance in many consumer products and classified as an emerging pollutant. The ecotoxicological information available for HHCB addresses exposure via water, but this compound is frequently adsorbed into particulate matter. The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of dietary exposure to several environmentally relevant HHCB concentrations adsorbed in food during Xenopus laevis metamorphosis. The authors sought to determine if such exposure to this synthetic musk resulted in histological changes in the thyroid gland in conjunction with changes in development (staging, timing to metamorphosis), body weight, and length. Developmental acceleration on day 14, together with hypertrophy of the thyroid follicular epithelium in tadpoles, suggested a possible agonistic effect of HHCB, which would have been compensated after metamorphosis by regulatory mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. Further research into the potential thyroid-related mechanisms of action of HHCB should be conducted. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1428–1435. © 2015 SETAC