bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Most Important Predictors of Eudaimonic and Hedonic Well-Being in Korean Adults: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Jyung Mina , Lee Sung-Ha , Choi Incheol 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe quest to unravel what contributes to happiness continues to captivate interest in both everyday experiences and academic discourse. Nonetheless, empirical research on the relative importance of possible candidates and their associations with two key aspects of well-being—eudaimonia (the good life) and hedonia (pleasure)—is limited. This study addresses this gap by exploring the relative strength of 32 predictors from multiple domains on psychological well-being (PWB) and subjective well-being (SWB). Using a machine learning approach on a dataset of 559 Korean adults, we identified distinct primary determinants for each well-being aspect. For PWB, meaning in life, self-esteem, and essentialist beliefs about happiness emerged as the strongest predictors requiring careful consideration. For SWB, depressive symptoms, subjective socioeconomic status, and emotional stability were salient predictors. Our findings highlight potential cultural nuances in the prioritization of happiness and offer valuable insights for policymakers and decision-makers in tailoring interventions and strategies to optimize individual well-being.
Derivation of appropriate temperature change for application of phase change materials in building walls for energy reduction in Korean climatic conditions
Authors: Lee Ki-Cheol , Park Seonghyun , Park Chang-Young 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStudies are underway to apply phase change materials (PCMs) to buildings to reduce energy consumption. PCMs can be expected to achieve energy savings by exploiting their high latent heat capacity and time-lag phenomenon, slowing down the heat transfer within the structure, and accumulating and releasing latent heat. This study analyzed the appropriate melting point and energy-saving effects based on changes in external climate conditions, attachment location, and PCM properties (thickness and thermal conductivity) through building energy simulations. Climate data were quantitatively categorized into climate zones based on heating degree hours, cooling degree hours, and insolation, and a total of 14 climate zones were proposed. The appropriate melting point based on climate was evidently more effective for cooling than for heating, and external attachment was proved to be more advantageous. As the thickness increased, the appropriate melting point decreased, and the energy-saving effect remained effective. The thermal conductivity increased with the graphite content by 0.90–2.37%, and the appropriate melting point also changed by 0.72–0.91 °C. As the thermal conductivity increased, heat was rapidly transferred within the PCM, altering its energy-saving effect by 0.18–3.35%.
Exergetic analysis of a domestic refrigerator with an innovative mini-channel flat tube condenser
Authors: Ozturk M. Mete , Doğan Bahadır , Tosun Mert , Tosun Tuğba , Erbay L. Berrin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, the energetic and exergetic performance of a household refrigerator with a unique compact heat exchanger composed of a mini-channel flat tube condenser and offset strip fins (OSF) is investigated experimentally by considering varying amounts of R600a (48–64 g) and capillary tube lengths (2800, 3300, and 3800 mm). The experiments have been performed for two refrigerators involving two different innovative condensers composed of mini-channel flat tube and offset strip fins which have varying orientations instead of conventional wire-on-tube condensers. The experiments were conducted in a climatic chamber at a temperature of 25 ± 0.5°C. According to the standard of IEC 62552:2015, the target temperatures of the fresh food and freezer compartments are set at 4°C and −18°C, respectively. Specific and relative exergy destructions of each component, total exergy destruction, the coefficient of performance, and second-law efficiency of the overall system with two different mini-channel condensers are reported for varying amounts of refrigerant and capillary tube lengths. The major concern of the investigation is to reveal the key components contributing to the degradation of the overall performance of the unique design. It is observed that the evaporator, which has a ratio of 52–69% in total exergy destruction within all investigated cases, is the most exergy destructive component and the exergy destruction of the evaporator decreases when the amount of R600a increases. The mini-channel condensers are the second exergy destructive components with a ratio of 19–22%. As an important outcome of this unique design’s investigation, exergy destruction of the condenser and compressor does not show a monotonic change with respect to the refrigerant amount and capillary length. Besides, the highest coefficient of performance and second-law efficiency are obtained when the amount of R600a is 48–50 g in all three capillary tube lengths.
Optical soliton stability in zig-zag optical lattices: comparative analysis through two analytical techniques and phase portraits
Authors: Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Jhangeer Adil , Kazmi Syeda Sarwat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article explores the examination of the widely employed zig-zag optical lattice model for cold bosonic atoms, which is commonly utilized to depict nonlinear wave in fluid mechanics and plasma physics. The focus is on obtaining soliton solutions in optics and investigating their physical properties. A wave transformation is initially applied to convert a partial differential equation (PDE) into an ordinary differential equation (ODE). Soliton solutions are subsequently obtained through the application of two distinct methods, namely the generalized logistic equation method and the Sardar sub-equation method. These solutions include bright, dark, combined dark-bright, chirped type solitons, bell-shaped, periodic, W-shape, and kink solitons. In this paper, the solutions derived from two analytical approaches were compared to enhance the understanding of the behavior of the discussed nonlinear model. The obtained solutions have significant implications across various fields such as plasma physics, fluid dynamics, optics, and communication technology. Furthermore, 3D and 2D graphs are generated to depict the physical phenomena of the derived solutions by assigning appropriate constant parameters. The qualitative evaluation of the undisturbed planar system involves the analysis of phase portraits within bifurcation theory. Subsequently, the introduction of an outward force is carried out to induce disruption, and chaotic phenomena are unveiled. The detection of chaotic trajectory in the perturbed system is achieved through 3D plots, 2D plots, time scale plots, and Lyapunov exponents. Furthermore, stability analysis of the examined model is addressed under distinct initial conditions. Finally, the sensitivity assessment of the model under consideration is carried out using the Runge–Kutta method. The results of this study are innovative and have not been previously investigated for the system under consideration. The results obtained underscore the reliability, simplicity, and effectiveness of these techniques in analyzing a variety of nonlinear models found in mathematical physics and engineering disciplines.
Dynamics of Intercity Migration Propensity in China: Evidence from an Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
Authors: Li Sen , Shen Jianfa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research conducts a disaggregation of three major temporal interrelations – age, period, and cohort (APC) – to fully grasp variations in intercity migration propensity in China. Using repeated cross-sectional data from the Sixth Population Census in 2010 and the 1% Population Sampling Surveys in 2005 and 2015, we disentangle APC effects on the two-stage migration decision-making process through the Hierarchical APC model. The empirical findings are as follows: the likelihood of migration decreases as individuals age, persisting until their early 60s, after which a slight upward trend is observed. Migrants from the 1940–1985 cohorts exhibit an increasing propensity for migration, which later reverses in subsequent cohorts. However, the average intercity migration propensity does not significantly vary across periods. Furthermore, the decision of where to migrate – whether to move across provincial boundaries – also varies across APC factors. The propensity for interprovincial migration steadily declines with age. The contextual period effects are significant and partially result from the development of foreign-invested enterprises. Individuals born in the 1960s and 1970s are more likely to migrate interprovincially compared to their post-1980s counterparts. Sensitivity analysis confirms the robustness of these results. Our findings shed light on more nuanced mechanisms underlying the dynamics of intercity migration in China, particularly the effects of cohort replacement on migration.
Effects of Resource Sharing Networks on Community Anti-Drug Coalitions’ Outcomes: A Social Network Analysis
Authors: Gaddy Yvonne , Jones Eric C. , Wells Rebecca , Chilenski Sarah M. , Brown Louis D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSubstance use-related problems continue to be a national public health crisis despite years of prevention efforts. Community anti-drug coalitions are well positioned to address substance use at local levels. Coalitions often rely on their members to connect to resources they need to address community issues and plan for sustainability over time. Such capacity building occurs through voluntary cooperation among members, making it essential to understand the role network connections play. This study sought to determine whether structural characteristics of coalitions’ resource sharing networks impact members’ perceptions of community improvement and coalition sustainability. Surveys at two timepoints collected data from 68 coalitions in Pennsylvania and Missouri on members’ connections or ties to share information, personnel, money, or other types of collaboration. Analyses examined how coalition-level measurements of sectoral diversity, density, and resource sharing centralization, respectively, were associated with members’ perceptions of community improvement, sustainability planning, and coalition sustainability. Sectoral diversity and centralization were unrelated to study outcomes. Density was also unrelated with perceived community improvement and sustainability planning. However, two facets of cooperative density were positively associated with perceived coalition sustainability: the density of ties to share information and the density of multiple types of collaborative ties. This study suggests that both information and other collaborative ties foster perceived coalition sustainability, although not community improvement.
Individualized causal mediation analysis with continuous treatment using conditional generative adversarial networks
Authors: Huan Cheng , Song Xinyuan , Yuan Hongwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTraditional methods used in causal mediation analysis with continuous treatment often focus on estimating average causal effects, limiting their applicability in precision medicine. Machine learning techniques have emerged as a powerful approach for precisely estimating individualized causal effects. This paper proposes a novel method called CGAN-ICMA-CT that leverages Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGANs) to infer individualized causal effects with continuous treatment. We thoroughly investigate the convergence properties of CGAN-ICMA-CT and show that the estimated distribution of our inferential conditional generator converges to the true conditional distribution under mild conditions. We conduct numerical experiments to validate the effectiveness of CGAN-ICMA-CT and compare it with four commonly used methods: linear regression, support vector machine regression, decision tree, and random forest regression. The results demonstrate that CGAN-ICMA-CT outperforms these methods regarding accuracy and precision. Furthermore, we apply the CGAN-ICMA-CT model to the real-world Job Corps dataset, showcasing its practical utility. By utilizing CGAN-ICMA-CT, we estimate the individualized causal effects of the Job Corps program on the number of arrests, providing insights into both direct effects and effects mediated through intermediate variables. Our findings confirm the potential of CGAN-ICMA-CT in advancing individualized causal mediation analysis with continuous treatment in precision medicine settings.
R$$^{2}$$S100K: Road-Region Segmentation Dataset for Semi-supervised Autonomous Driving in the Wild
Authors: Butt Muhammad Atif , Ali Hassan , Qayyum Adnan , Sultani Waqas , Al-Fuqaha Ala , Qadir Junaid 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Semantic understanding of roadways is a key enabling factor for safe autonomous driving. However, existing autonomous driving datasets provide well-structured urban roads while ignoring unstructured roadways containing distress, potholes, water puddles, and various kinds of road patches i.e., earthen, gravel etc. To this end, we introduce Road Region Segmentation dataset (R2S100K)—a large-scale dataset and benchmark for training and evaluation of road segmentation in aforementioned challenging unstructured roadways. R2S100K comprises 100K images extracted from a large and diverse set of video sequences covering more than 1000 km of roadways. Out of these 100K privacy respecting images, 14,000 images have fine pixel-labeling of road regions, with 86,000 unlabeled images that can be leveraged through semi-supervised learning methods. Alongside, we present an Efficient Data Sampling based self-training framework to improve learning by leveraging unlabeled data. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves learning methods in generalizability and reduces the labeling cost for semantic segmentation tasks. Our benchmark will be publicly available to facilitate future research at https://r2s100k.github.io/.
Can sleep hygiene interventions affect strength and power outcomes for female athletes?
Authors: Gooderick Julie , Wood Toby , Abbott Will , Clash Russ , Hayes Mark , Maxwell Neil 
Published: August 2024

AbstractImproved sleep can enhance sprint, endurance, and sports-specific skills; however, it is yet to be investigated whether improved sleep indices could enhance strength and power performance. Sleep hygiene (SH) is growing in popularity as a tool to enhance sleep indices amongst athletic cohorts, yet the optimal delivery strategy of sleep hygiene education is yet to be determined. Using a randomised, controlled design with repeated measures, this study recruited 34 female footballers playing in WSL or WSL academy league. Participants were split into 3 groups: one receiving both group-based and individualised sleep hygiene education, one receiving only group-based SH education and a control group receiving no education. Monitoring of sleep (actigraphy, diaries) and physical performance (countermovement jump, isometric mid-thigh pull) was carried out at week 1, week 4 and week 7. Split-plot ANOVAs were used to assess for differences between groups × weeks, and groups × time. Individualised sleep hygiene education resulted in significantly improved sleep duration (p = 0.005), latency (p = 0.006) and efficiency (p = 0.004) at week 7 compared to controls, whilst also resulting in significantly improved countermovement jump scores (p = 0.001) compared to control. Results of this study suggest that jump performance may be affected by sleep factors, and that individualised SH may be superior to group-based SH, providing information to coaches regarding training optimisation and the efficacy of SH education methods.
Bounding the Softwired Parsimony Score of a Phylogenetic Network
Authors: Döcker Janosch , Linz Simone , Wicke Kristina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn comparison to phylogenetic trees, phylogenetic networks are more suitable to represent complex evolutionary histories of species whose past includes reticulation such as hybridisation or lateral gene transfer. However, the reconstruction of phylogenetic networks remains challenging and computationally expensive due to their intricate structural properties. For example, the small parsimony problem that is solvable in polynomial time for phylogenetic trees, becomes NP-hard on phylogenetic networks under softwired and parental parsimony, even for a single binary character and structurally constrained networks. To calculate the parsimony score of a phylogenetic network N, these two parsimony notions consider different exponential-size sets of phylogenetic trees that can be extracted from N and infer the minimum parsimony score over all trees in the set. In this paper, we ask: What is the maximum difference between the parsimony score of any phylogenetic tree that is contained in the set of considered trees and a phylogenetic tree whose parsimony score equates to the parsimony score of N? Given a gap-free sequence alignment of multi-state characters and a rooted binary level-k phylogenetic network, we use the novel concept of an informative blob to show that this difference is bounded by $$k+1$$

k
+
1

times the softwired parsimony score of N. In particular, the difference is independent of the alignment length and the number of character states. We show that an analogous bound can be obtained for the softwired parsimony score of semi-directed networks, while under parental parsimony on the other hand, such a bound does not hold.
Symmetrization results for parabolic equations with a singular lower order term
Authors: de Bonis Ida 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe provide symmetrization results as mass concentration comparisons for solutions to singular parabolic equations in the cylinder $$\Omega \times (0,T)$$

Ω
×
(
0
,
T
)

, $$T>0$$

T
>
0

. Here, $$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N$$

Ω
⊂

R

N

($$N \ge 2$$

N
≥
2

) is a bounded open set, featuring a lower order term that is singular in the solution variable s.
Phase Equilibrium Investigations and Thermodynamic Study of the Y2O3-Ta2O5 System
Authors: Löffler M. , Fabrichnaya O. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTwo methods were used to investigate the Y2O3-Ta2O5 system: the equilibration method, which covered temperatures from 1573 to 1973 K, and the DTA method, which reached up to 2473 K. Phase identification was carried out using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The temperature of the eutectic reaction, L → YTa3O9 (P) + Ta2O5, was determined to be 2019 K, with the corresponding eutectic composition being 78 mol.% Ta2O5. The study presents evidence that contradicts the existence of the eutectic reaction L → YTaO4 (T) + YTa3O9 (P). Instead, it identifies a peritectic reaction L + YTaO4 (T) → YTa3O9 (P), which was observed at a temperature of around 2075 K. Additionally, the heat capacity of the YTa3O9 (P) phase was measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) over the temperature range from 240 to 1300 K. The results of this experimental investigation will lead to the development of a thermodynamic database for the Y2O3-Ta2O5 system.
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
Authors: Sharabi Eden , Rezaie Ali 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of review
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder wherein excessive and abnormal growth of bacteria in the small bowel generally causes abdominal pain, bloating, and change in bowel habits. Our understanding of the underlying pathology and microbiome changes in SIBO has advanced greatly in the last 20 years in parallel with advances in treatment methods and diagnostics. Here, we review many of the latest findings that describe the pathophysiology of SIBO as well as its risk factors, clinical behavior, diagnosis, and management.

Recent findings
Studies have begun to employ advanced molecular assays to sequence the small bowel microbiome to reveal the changes evident in SIBO. An increase in the abundance of members of the Enterobacteriaceae is the main alteration to the gut microbiome that correlates with SIBO diagnosis and symptom severity, and enhancement of specific gas-producing pathways has been demonstrated in SIBO. Diagnostic methods continue to evolve with novel methods of small bowel aspiration and changes to interpretation of hydrogen breath tests. Elemental diets are the newest treatment modality that offer an exciting alternative to antibiotic therapy.

Summary
The study of SIBO provides valuable insights into the small bowel microbiome, particularly using molecular testing. Exciting changes to our understanding and treatment of SIBO are already in progress. Future work will be able to better elucidate not only the altered microbiology, but also its gold standard of diagnosis, treatment modalities, and secondary prevention.
Soybean Glycinin’s Antibacterial Properties Provide a Feasible Natural Alternative for Improving the Overall Quality and Shelf-Life of Beef Steaks and Combating Foodborne Pathogens
Authors: Elsheikh Mai , Osman Ali , Edris Shimaa , Dawam Wesam , Sitohy Mahmoud , Sabeq Islam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Ensuring the safety and longevity of food products is a major priority in the meat industry. This paper focused on assessing the soybean-glycinin (SBG) impact on the quality and shelf-life of beef Musculus longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) steaks and their potential in-vivo adverse consequences on foodborne pathogens and quantitative minimum biocidal values. Over 15 chilling-days at 4 °C, fresh LTL-steaks were fortified with either 1 mg/g of SBG (SBG1) or 0.5 mg/g (SBG0.5) and compared to control for physicochemical, oxidative, and microbiological attributes. Antibiotic-susceptible pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli were suppressed by 0.98 mg/mL of SBG, whereas antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli required higher biocidal dosages of 50 and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively. SBG-fortification kept LTL-steaks’ pH below borderline until day 12, increased water-holding capacity, reduced cooking loss at the storage end, and significantly improved tenderness (p < 0.05). LTL-steaks’ lightness, redness, and chroma were statistically unaffected by SBG1.0-fortification compared to the control; however, there were notable growing-patterns during the last two storage-periods (p < 0.05). Except the sixth- and ninth-day storage-periods, SBG1.0-fortification increased the LTL-steaks yellowness and hue compared to the control, indicating brighter, less red meat (p < 0.05). SBG-fortification had a dose-dependent antioxidant and bactericidal impact on both native microflora and inoculated pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella. Conclusively, SBG-fortification activities to improve LTL-steaks oxidative stability and shelf-life beyond 15 days and to inhibit inoculated-pathogens growth by one log CFU/g above or below the inoculation dose, validating SBG as a promising feasible meat preservation strategy.