bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coastal upwelling in Norway recorded in Great Scallop shells
Authors: Jolivet Aurélie , Asplin Lars , Strand Øivind , Thébault Julien , Chauvaud Laurent 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe shells of bivalve mollusks have been shown to contain a wealth of information about the environment in which the organisms lived as well as about their life histories. Shells of the Great Scallop Pecten maximus were collected in 1987 and 1988 at 15–25 m depth close to the Austevoll islands (Norway). A sharp slowdown in growth was detected in 1986 for all age classes, resulting in a growth‐rate decrease of nearly 45% over 10 d. Measurements of stable isotopes (δ18O and δ13C) in four specimens suggested that this slowdown was concurrent with a drop in water temperature. In situ measurements of environmental parameters (temperature, salinity, wind) and data from a numerical coastal model system (NorKyst‐800) confirmed that a temperature drop of 3°C occurred in July 1986 due to a sudden change in wind direction and speed along the western coast of Norway. These northerly winds parallel to the coast induced an upwelling of deep cold water along the coast. Thus, the present study demonstrated a clear relationship between regional climatic phenomena acting on an oceanographic process and the growth of a benthic invertebrate. Bivalve shells should be used to describe and characterize local upwelling events, for example, in terms of duration and intensity, in current environments and in paleoenvironments.
Hypersexuality in Parkinson's Disease: Systematic Review and Report of 7 New Cases
Authors: Codling David , Shaw Philip , David Anthony S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHypersexuality (HS) was one of the earliest examples of an impulse control disorder (ICD) or behavior to be associated with treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD), with an estimated prevalence of approximately 3.5%. Here, we report on a systematic review of the published literature of HS in PD with a view to uncovering evidence as to whether it is distinct from other ICDs. In addition, we report on 7 new cases that had broad neuropsychological testing, including a gambling test, which taps into reward and inhibitory mechanisms. The review uncovered a number of case series and cohorts that comment on the prevalence of HS, but very few made systematic comparisons with other ICDs, although younger onset and male sex are usually noted. A few studies have begun to map out a neuropsychological profile for HS, and our own cases show particular deficits in learning from negative outcomes, but, overall, there are insufficient data to draw firm conclusions. Functional imaging has shown patterns of increased content‐specific activation in response to sexual material and this might relate to increased dopamine release. We conclude with a brief survey of the neurobiology of sexuality, which suggests possible avenues for further research and treatment of HS.
Chemie für die Schönheit — aber sicher!
Authors: Walther Cornelia , Huber Birgit , Neumann Ludger , Raddatz Heike 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDa kosmetische Mittel direkt mit dem Menschen in Kontakt kommen, sind die Anforderungen an die gesundheitliche Unbedenklichkeit hoch. Dies gilt für alle Kosmetika, auch für Naturkosmetik.
Lebensmittelsicherheit nach Fukushima
Authors: Steinhauser Georg 
Published: April 2015

AbstractJapanische Lebensmittelbehörden haben nach dem Reaktorunfall von Fukushima mehr als 900 000 Stichproben untersucht. Dabei zeigte sich: Die Bevölkerung war weitgehend vor kontaminierter Nahrung geschützt. Allerdings wurde das schwierig nachzuweisende Nuklid Strontium‐90 bislang kaum berücksichtigt.
Natural killer cell therapy in children with relapsed leukemia
Authors: Rubnitz Jeffrey E. , Inaba Hiroto , Kang Guolian , Gan Kwan , Hartford Christine , Triplett Brandon M. , Dallas Mari , Shook David , Gruber Tanja , Pui Ching‐Hon , Leung Wing 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundNovel therapies are needed for children with relapsed or refractory leukemia. We therefore tested the safety and feasibility of haploidentical natural killer cell therapy in this patient population.ProcedureTwenty‐nine children who had relapsed or refractory leukemia were treated with chemotherapy followed by the infusion of haploidentical NK cells. Cohort 1 included 14 children who had not undergone prior allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), whereas Cohort 2 included 15 children with leukemia that had relapsed after HCT.ResultsTwenty‐six (90%) NK donors were KIR mismatched (14 with one KIR and 12 with 2 KIRs). The peak NK chimerism levels were >10% donor in 87% of the evaluable recipients. In Cohort 1, 10 had responsive disease and 12 proceeded to HCT thereafter. Currently, 5 (36%) are alive without leukemia. In Cohort 2, 10 had responsive disease after NK therapy and successfully proceeded to second HCT. At present, 4 (27%) are alive and leukemia‐free. The NK cell infusions and the IL‐2 injections were well‐tolerated.ConclusionsNK cell therapy is safe, feasible, and should be further investigated in patients with chemotherapy‐resistant leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1468–1472. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New Mobilities Across the Life Course: a Framework for Analysing Demographically Linked Drivers of Migration
Authors: Findlay Allan , McCollum David , Coulter Rory , Gayle Vernon 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTaking the life course as the central concern, the authors set out a conceptual framework and define some key research questions for a programme of research that explores how the linked lives of mobile people are situated in time–space within the economic, social, and cultural structures of contemporary society. Drawing on methodologically innovative techniques, these perspectives can offer new insights into the changing nature and meanings of migration across the life course. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decentralized state observers for range‐based position and velocity estimation in acyclic formations with fixed topologies
Authors: Viegas Daniel , Batista Pedro , Oliveira Paulo , Silvestre Carlos 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThis paper addresses the problem of decentralized position and velocity estimation in formations of autonomous vehicles. A limited number of vehicles in the formation have access to absolute position measurements, while the rest must rely on range measurements to neighboring agents, local sensor data, and limited communication capabilities to estimate their own position and velocity. The contribution is threefold: (i) a method for designing local state observers for each agent in the formation that rely only on locally available information is presented; (ii) the stability of the continuous‐time linear time‐varying Kalman filter subject to exponentially decaying perturbations in some variables is studied; and (iii) the stability of the error dynamics of the resulting decentralized state observer is analyzed for acyclic formations with fixed topologies, and it is shown that the error converges exponentially fast to the origin for all initial conditions. Simulation results are presented and discussed to validate the proposed solution, as well as assessing its performance under the influence of measurement noise. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of roughness and tilt on nanoindentation measurements: A quantitative model
Authors: Laurent‐Brocq Mathilde , Béjanin Estelle , Champion Yannick 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYA model, which takes into account the indentation size effect, was proposed to relate hardness and its standard deviation to the quality of the sample surface, i.e., the roughness and the tilt. Stainless steel samples were mechanically polished so as to obtain various roughness and tilt. Then the quality of the surface and the hardness were measured respectively by scanning probe microscopy and by nanoindentation. The model was fitted according to those experimental data. It was shown that the standard deviation only depends on the ratio of the arithmetic roughness over the contact depth of the indent while the average hardness also depends on the contact depth and on the tilt. It was deduced that hardness measurements are performed with an uncertainty lower than 10% if: (i) the ratio of the arithmetic roughness over the contact depth of the indent is lower than 0.05, (ii) the tilt of the sample is lower than 2° and (iii) the difference of roughness between samples is lower than 50%. SCANNING 37:350–360, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
What Teachers Should Know About Common Core
Authors: Shanahan Timothy 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn 2010, more than 40 states adopted the Common Core State Standards. Initially, the standards were quickly and easily embraced, but over the past year the standards have become enmeshed in various controversies, raising many questions about how the standards were written and what they include. This article attempts to provide authoritative answers to those questions. It explains the federal role in the standards writing and adoption, the sources of the standards, and the rationale for developing them. It also explores instructional issues dealing with the role of literature, phonics instruction, text complexity, and student motivation.
Phase I study of ipilimumab in phased combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin in Japanese patients with non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Horinouchi Hidehito , Yamamoto Noboru , Fujiwara Yutaka , Sekine Ikuo , Nokihara Hiroshi , Kubota Kaoru , Kanda Shintaro , Yagishita Shigehiro , Wakui Hiroshi , Kitazono Satoru , Mizugaki Hidenori , Tokudome Takuto , Tamura Tomohide 
Published: April 2015

SummaryBackground Ipilimumab is an antibody that targets the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 to potentiate an antitumor response. Adding ipilimumab 10 mg/kg to paclitaxel (PTX) and carboplatin (CBDCA) in a phased schedule improved progression-free survival in a phase II non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) study. Methods This dose-escalating, phase I study was designed to identify the recommended dose of ipilimumab (3 or 10 mg/kg) by evaluating dose-limiting toxicity (DLT; Cycles 3 and 4) in phased combination with PTX (175 mg/m2) and CBDCA (area under the curve = 6) in Japanese patients with advanced NSCLC. Treatment was administered intravenously every 3 weeks initially, followed by some eligible patients receiving maintenance ipilimumab once every 12 weeks. Additional endpoints included safety, tumor response, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Results Fifteen patients were enrolled and 12 received ipilimumab (n = 6, 3 mg/kg; n = 6, 10 mg/kg) in combination with PTX and CBDCA. DLTs occurred in 2 patients (ipilimumab 3 mg/kg) and 1 patient (ipilimumab 10 mg/kg). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) were decreased hemoglobin, leukopenia, and neutropenia. The most common immune-related AEs affected the skin, gastrointestinal, and nervous system. The safety profile was similar in both cohorts. Three patients in each cohort achieved a partial response. The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of ipilimumab in Japanese patients was similar to that observed in previous studies in non-Japanese patients. Conclusions The recommended dose of ipilimumab in phased combination with PTX and CBDCA in Japanese patients with NSCLC was identified as 10 mg/kg. The safety profile was consistent with the previously defined AE profile.
Expectations and Limitations Due to Brachial Plexus Injury: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mancuso Carol A. , Lee Steve K. , Dy Christopher J. , Landers Zoe A. , Model Zina , Wolfe Scott W. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose This study described physical and psychosocial limitations associated with adult brachial plexus injuries (BPI) and patients' expectations of BPI surgery. Methods During in-person interviews, preoperative patients were asked about expectations of surgery and preoperative and postoperative patients were asked about limitations due to BPI. Postoperative patients also rated improvement in condition after surgery. Data were analyzed with qualitative and quantitative techniques. Results Ten preoperative and 13 postoperative patients were interviewed; mean age was 37 years, 19 were men, all were employed/students, and most injuries were due to trauma. Preoperative patients cited several main expectations, including pain-related issues, and improvement in arm movement, self-care, family interactions, and global life function. Workrelated expectations were tailored to employment type. Preoperative and postoperative patients reported that pain, altered sensation, difficulty managing self-care, becoming physically and financially dependent, and disability in work/school were major issues. All patients reported making major compensations, particularly using the uninjured arm. Most reported multiple mental health effects, were distressed with long recovery times, were self-conscious about appearance, and avoided public situations. Additional stresses were finding and paying for BPI surgery. Some reported BPI impacted overall physical health, life priorities, and decision-making processes. Four postoperative patients reported hardly any improvement, four reported some/a good deal, and five reported a great deal of improvement. Conclusions BPI is a life-altering event affecting physical function, mental well-being, financial situation, relationships, self-image, and plans for the future. This study contributes to clinical practice by highlighting topics to address to provide comprehensive BPI patient-centered care.
Attitudes and Self-Reported Practices of Hand Surgeons regarding Prescription Opioid Use
Authors: Menendez Mariano E. , Mellema Jos J. , Ring David 
Published: April 2015

Background Opioids are routinely prescribed after hand surgery, but there is limited research about surgeon variation in prescription patterns and attitudes toward the use of these drugs. We sought to examine hand surgeons' attitudes, beliefs, and self-reported practices regarding the use of opioids. Methods An invitation to an online cross-sectional survey was sent to 3225 hand surgeons across the USA via email, of whom 502 (16 %) responded. We used previously published data to compare hand surgeons' concerns about potential adverse opioid-related events with those of primary care physicians. Results Most hand surgeons (76 %) reported prescription opioid abuse to be a big or moderate problem in their communities, and 89 % felt that opioids are overused to treat pain. Nearly all (94 %) were very or moderately confident about their clinical skills regarding opioid prescribing, but only 40 % reported always or often asking about a history of opioid abuse or dependence before scheduling surgery. Most (75 %) were very or moderately comfortable refilling opioid prescriptions following fracture surgery, while only 13% were comfortable doing so after minor elective surgery. Nearly half (49 %) reported being less likely to prescribe opioids compared to 1 year ago, and 67 % believed that the best approach to reduce postoperative opioid use is to discuss pain management and expectations with the patient before surgery. Compared to primary care physicians, hand surgeons were less likely to be concerned about potential adverse patient (e.g., opioid-related addiction [67 vs. 84 %], death [37 vs. 70 %], sedation [57 vs. 71 %]) and prescriber (e.g., malpractice claim [22 vs. 46 %], prosecution [15 vs. 45 %], censure by state medical boards [16 vs. 44 %]) outcomes. Conclusion Hand surgeons have become aware of the extent and public health implications of the prescription opioid epidemic, and many are taking an active role by reducing their reliance on these drugs. Additional research using pharmacy data is needed to confirm the extent to which hand surgeons' reliance on prescription opioids is actually decreasing.
Influence of Enzymatic Remediation on Compositional and Thermal Properties of Palm Oil and Palm Oleins from Dry Fractionation
Authors: Maes Jeroen , Kodali Sitharam , Danthine Sabine , Gibon Véronique 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCharacteristics of crude palm oil are high FFA and DAG contents. High DAG content may affect throughput and yield during fractionation: high‐grade specialty fats such as hard palm mid fraction require premium crude palm oil to secure adequate crystallization properties. Moreover, DAGs are generally considered the main precursors for the formation of glycidyl esters during high‐temperature deodorization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of enzymatic remediation on the reduction of FFA and DAG in crude palm oil. In practice, series of process parameters (vacuum and reaction time) were investigated, and the quality of enzymatically remediated crude palm oils was examined in terms of FFA and DAG reduction, TAG composition, and SFC and DSC melting profiles. Fully refined enzymatically remediated palm oils were then dry fractionated. The quality of the oleins derived from the enzymatically remediated palm oil was compared to that of regular RBD palm oleins.
Oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren reduces in vivo oxidative stress and serum matrix metalloproteinase‐2 levels in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Takei Yoshizumi , Ichikawa Minoru , Kijima Yoshiyuki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe aimed to determine the effects of the oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren on in vivo oxidative stress in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. In this study, 150 mg oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren was administered once daily to 12 permanent AF patients. Aliskiren significantly reduced urinary excretion of the oxidative stress biomarker 8‐iso‐prostglandin F2α and serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐2(MMP‐2). We concluded that aliskiren reduces in vivo oxidative stress and serum MMP‐2 levels in patients with permanent AF.
Theorizing Efficient Markets: A Sociology of Financial Ideas
Authors: Polillo Simone 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn this paper, I use the case of financial economics to show how an innovative idea can shape a research agenda. I focus on why the efficient-market hypothesis, crystallized in Eugene Fama’s research, acquired core theoretical status in the discipline of financial economics, whereas the Capital Asset Pricing Model, championed by, among others, Fischer Black, did not. I draw attention both to differences in the networks propagating these models, in particular differences in cohesion and coherence, and to differences in the methodologies underlying the models. I argue that Fama’s use of “data-dredging” techniques and frequentist statistics increased the coherence of the intellectual circle around him, turning the analysis of efficiency into a collective project oriented towards the discovery of objective properties. By contrast, Black’s adoption of more subjectivist methods exacerbated the individualistic tendencies of his approach and his network, increasing the incoherence of his research group.
THE INFLUENCE OF EU AND EUROPEAN HUMAN RIGHTS LAW ON ENGLISH PRIVATE LAW
Authors: Giliker Paula 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis article examines the extent to which EU and European human rights law, following the enactment of the European Communities Act 1972 and the Human Rights Act 1998, have changed the manner in which English courts use comparative law in the private law field. Despite legislative intervention rendering EU law part of the national legal system and requiring the courts ‘to take into account’ the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, there remains evidence that private law courts retain a preference for comparisons within the common law world. This article will examine, with reference to a number of recent empirical studies, the reasons for this position and what this signifies in terms of future comparative law reasoning.
Setaria digitata in advancing our knowledge of human lymphatic filariasis
Authors: Perumal A.N.I. , Gunawardene Y.I.N.S. , Dassanayake R.S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSetaria digitata is a filarial parasite that causes fatal cerebrospinal nematodiasis in goats, sheep and horses, resulting in substantial economic losses in animal husbandry in the tropics. Due to its close resemblance to Wuchereria bancrofti, this nematode is also frequently used as a model organism to study human lymphatic filariasis. This review highlights numerous insights into the morphological, histological, biochemical, immunological and genetic aspects of S. digitata that have broadened our understanding towards the control and eradication of filarial diseases.
Generation of large pig and bovine blastocysts by culturing in human induced pluripotent stem cell medium
Authors: Gao Qing-Shan , Jin Long , Li Suo , Zhu Hai-Ying , Guo Qing , Li Xiao-Chen , Jin Qing-Guo , Kang Jin-Dan , Yan Chang-Guo , Yin Xi-Jun 
Published: April 2015

SummaryWe investigated the effect of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPS) medium on porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer and bovine in vitro fertilized early blastocysts, in comparison with North Carolina State University (NCSU)-37 medium and in vitro culture (IVC)-II medium. After 2 days of culture, the diameter of the portion of the blastocyst that was extruded from the zona pellucid dramatically differed between porcine blastocysts cultured in hiPS medium and those cultured in NCSU-37 medium (221.47 ± 38.94 μm versus 481.87 ± 40.61 μm, P < 0.01). Moreover, the diameter of the portion of the blastocyst significantly differed between bovine blastocysts cultured in hiPS medium and those cultured in IVC-II medium (150.30 ± 29.49 μm versus 195.58 ± 41.59 μm, P < 0.01). Furthermore, the total number of cells per porcine and bovine blastocyst was more than two-fold higher in blastocysts cultured in hiPS medium than in those cultured in NCSU-37 medium (44.33 ± 5.28 and 143.33 ± 16.05, P < 0.01) or IVC-II medium (172.12 ± 45.08 and 604.83 ± 242.64, P < 0.01), respectively. These results indicate that hiPS medium markedly improves the quality of porcine and bovine blastocysts.
Altered Resting-State Frontoparietal Control Network in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Lin Hsiang-Yuan , Tseng Wen-Yih Isaac , Lai Meng-Chuan , Matsuo Kayako , Gau Susan Shur-Fen 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe frontoparietal control network, anatomically and functionally interposed between the dorsal attention network and default mode network, underpins executive control functions. Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) commonly exhibit deficits in executive functions, which are mainly mediated by the frontoparietal control network. Involvement of the frontoparietal control network based on the anterior prefrontal cortex in neurobiological mechanisms of ADHD has yet to be tested. We used resting-state functional MRI and seed-based correlation analyses to investigate functional connectivity of the frontoparietal control network in a sample of 25 children with ADHD (7–14 years; mean 9.94±1.77 years; 20 males), and 25 age-, sex-, and performance IQ-matched typically developing (TD) children. All participants had limited in-scanner head motion. Spearman’s rank correlations were used to test the associations between altered patterns of functional connectivity with clinical symptoms and executive functions, measured by the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test and Spatial Span in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Compared with TD children, children with ADHD demonstrated weaker connectivity between the right anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the right ventrolateral PFC, and between the left anterior PFC and the right inferior parietal lobule. Furthermore, this aberrant connectivity of the frontoparietal control network in ADHD was associated with symptoms of impulsivity and opposition-defiance, as well as impaired response inhibition and attentional control. The findings support potential integration of the disconnection model and the executive dysfunction model for ADHD. Atypical frontoparietal control network may play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ADHD. (JINS, 2015, 21, 271–284)