bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exclusive Breastfeeding, Complementary Feeding, and Food Choices in UK Infants
Authors: Armstrong Julie , Abraham Elizheeba Christie , Squair Mhairi , Brogan Yvonne , Merewood Anne 
Published: December 2013

Background: Limited data exist that explore the association between exclusive breastfeeding and dietary behaviors related to key food choices in later infancy. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months with age of starting complementary feeding and key complementary feeding data collected at 8 to 10 months. Methods: Secondary data analysis was performed on the UK Infant Feeding Survey 2005. Results: After adjusting for maternal characteristics, exclusive breastfeeding for 3 months, compared to mixed or formula feeding, was positively associated with giving homemade infant foods (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19–1.66), vegetables (AOR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.25–1.72), fruits (AOR = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.42–2.11), and fresh foods frequently (AOR = 2.24; 95% CI, 1.41–3.56) at 8 to 10 months of age. Conversely, exclusive breastfeeding for 3 months, compared to mixed or formula feeding, was negatively associated with very early complementary feeding (AOR = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.30–0.42) and giving the following foods at 8 to 10 months of age: baby food from jar (AOR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66–0.92), powdered baby food (AOR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57–0.94), canned baby food (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.32–0.71), and ready-made bought meals (AOR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.57–0.78). Conclusion: Exclusively breastfeeding for 3 months compared to mixed or formula feeding was positively associated with the introduction of complementary feeding after 4 months and giving infants fruits, vegetables, and homemade infant foods frequently at 8 to 10 months.
Validating a Measure of Organizational Cultural Competence in Voluntary Child Welfare
Authors: Schudrich Wendy Zeitlin 
Published: December 2013

Objective: This research examines the psychometric properties of two subscales of the Association of University Centers on Disabilities (AUCD) Multicultural Council’s Organizational Cultural Competence Assessment, which together have been used to assess organizational cultural competence in child welfare agencies. Method: Confirmatory factor analysis was utilized to analyze data on 478 child welfare workers. Results: Six models were generated based upon the theoretical literature. The best-fitting model was unidimensional (χ2 = 13.18, df = 9, p = .15; root mean square error of approximation = 0.03; comparative fit index = 0.99; Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.99). Discussion and applications to social work: Factors that are more proximal to client interaction were stronger indicators of organizational cultural competence than those that were more distal. Those wishing to examine organizational cultural competence in voluntary child welfare settings should consider using the validated form of the AUCD instrument.
Minimally Invasive Repair of the Tibialis Anterior Tendon Using a Semitendinosus Autograft
Authors: Michels Frederick , Van Der Bauwhede Jan , Oosterlinck Dirk , Thomas Sam , Guillo Stéphane 
Published: December 2013

Background: Ruptures of the tibialis anterior tendon are rare but can cause substantial functional deficiencies. The literature regarding the treatment of such injuries is very limited. Atraumatic ruptures often occur in the presence of an abnormal tendon structure, and retraction often makes end-to-end repair impossible. With traumatic lesions, the risk of developing both adhesions and scar tissue is high. Methods: This study assesses the results of a surgical reconstruction using the interposition of a semitendinosus tendon autograft in 12 patients. Three patients had a traumatic rupture, and 9 patients had an atraumatic rupture. In 8 patients, the procedure was carried out using a minimally invasive technique. Results: The average postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot score was 95.7 in the atraumatic group and 94.7 in the traumatic group. Active dorsiflexion was possible after 2 to 3 weeks. We believe that the interposition of a strong, healthy tendon facilitated healing and allowed early weight bearing. All patients had good recovery of dorsiflexion and gait. Conclusions: Repairing a ruptured tibialis anterior tendon using a semitendinosus autograft was a reliable technique and offered a good result. With the minimally invasive approach, there was no need to divide the extensor retinaculum, which we believe allowed faster recovery and reduced the risk of adhesions and wound healing problems. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Tolcapone addition improves Parkinson’s disease associated nonmotor symptoms
Authors: Müller Thomas ,   for the TANIMOS Study Investigators
Published: December 2013

Background: Addition of catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors to a conventional levodopa/dopadecarboxylase inhibitor regimen improves motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Optimizing dopamine substitution is also beneficial for nonmotor features. Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of supplemental tolcapone intake on nonmotor symptoms. Design/methods: A total of 125 levodopa-treated patients additionally took tolcapone in this observational trial. Initially and following 4 weeks of tolcapone intake, the neurologist scored with Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale parts I, II, IV, the nonmotor symptoms scale for Parkinson’s disease and recorded the off time. The patients rated themselves with the EuroQuol, its visual analogue scale and the nonmotor screening questionnaire. Caregivers reported the daily duration of care giving. Results: All scores improved except for Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part IV and domains 4, 5 and 8 of the nonmotor symptoms scale for Parkinson’s disease. Conclusion: This trial demonstrates that tolcapone addition may improve nonmotor features.
Phantom-based quality assurance measurements in B-mode ultrasound
Authors: Mannila Vilma , Sipilä Outi 
Published: December 2013

Background Recommended phantom-based quality assurance measurements in B-mode ultrasound (US) may be tedious. For the purpose of cost-effective US quality assurance it is important to evaluate measurements that effectively reflect the quality of US scanner. Purpose To find out which recommended phantom-based quality assurance measurements are effective in detecting dead or weak transducer elements or channels in US scanners when visual image analysis and manual measurements are used. Material and Methods Altogether 66 transducers from 33 US scanners were measured using a general purpose phantom and a transducer tester. The measurements were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of phantom-based uniformity measurement, imaging the air with a clean transducer (air image) and measuring the transducer with the transducer tester, and group II of phantom-based measurements of depth of penetration, beam profile, near field, axial and lateral resolution, and vertical and horizontal distance accuracy. The group II measurements were compared to group I measurements. Results With group I measurements, the results with 20% of the transducers were found defective. With 35% of the transducers the results were considered defective in group II measurements. Concurrent flaws in both groups were found with 11% of the transducers. Conclusion Phantom-based measurements of depth of penetration, beam profile, near field, axial and lateral resolution, and vertical and horizontal distance accuracy did not consistently detect dead or weak transducer elements or channels in US scanners.
The Anatomic Pattern of Injuries in Acute Inversion Ankle Sprains
Authors: Khor Yuet Peng , Tan Ken Jin 
Published: December 2013

Background: There are little data on the incidence and patterns of injuries seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute inversion ankle sprains. This study may help in the understanding of the pathomechanics, natural history, and outcomes of this common injury. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: From June 2011 to June 2013, a total of 64 consecutive patients had MRI of the ankle performed for acute inversion injury to the ankle. All injuries/pathologies reported were recorded. Results: Only 22% of patients had isolated lateral ligament complex injuries. Twenty-two percent of patients had other pathologies but no lateral ligament injury, and 53% had lateral ligament injuries in combination with other pathologies or injuries. The most common associated finding with lateral ligament injuries was bone bruising (76%) followed by deltoid ligament injury (50%). The overall incidence of bone bruising was 50%. Thirty percent of ankles had tendon pathology, 27% had deltoid ligament injury, and 22% had occult fractures. Conclusion: Isolated lateral ligament ankle injury is not as common as is believed. The pattern of injury seems complex, and most patients appear to have more injuries than expected. MRI reveals additional information that may have significance in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in this common injury.
Monoclonal antibody targeting of IL-3 receptor α with CSL362 effectively depletes CML progenitor and stem cells
Authors: Nievergall Eva , Ramshaw Hayley S. , Yong Agnes S. M. , Biondo Mark , Busfield Samantha J. , Vairo Gino , Lopez Angel F. , Hughes Timothy P. , White Deborah L. , Hiwase Devendra K. 
Published: December 2013

Key Points
IL-3 receptor α (CD123) expression is elevated in CML progenitor and stem cells compared with healthy donors. CD123 monoclonal antibody targeting represents a novel, potentially clinically relevant approach to deplete CML progenitor and stem cells.
AZD1208, a potent and selective pan-Pim kinase inhibitor, demonstrates efficacy in preclinical models of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Keeton Erika K. , McEachern Kristen , Dillman Keith S. , Palakurthi Sangeetha , Cao Yichen , Grondine Michael R. , Kaur Surinder , Wang Suping , Chen Yuching , Wu Allan , Shen Minhui , Gibbons Francis D. , Lamb Michelle L. , Zheng Xiaolan , Stone Richard M. , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Platanias Leonidas C. , Dakin Les A. , Chen Huawei , Lyne Paul D. , Huszar Dennis 
Published: December 2013

Key PointsAZD1208 is a selective pan-Pim kinase inhibitor with efficacy in AML cells, xenografts, and Flt3-internal tandem duplication or Flt3 wild-type patient samples. AML cell growth inhibition is associated with suppression of p70S6K, 4EBP1 phosphorylation, and messenger RNA translation.
How we treat higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Sekeres Mikkael A. , Cutler Corey 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are defined by patients who fall into higher-risk group categories in the original or revised International Prognostic Scoring System. Survival for these patients is dismal, and treatment should be initiated rapidly. Standard therapies include the hypomethylating agents azacitidine and decitabine, which should be administered for a minimum of 6 cycles, and continued for as long as a patient is responding. Once a drug fails in one of these patients, further treatment options are limited, median survival is <6 months, and consideration should be given to clinical trials. Higher-risk eligible patients should be offered consultation to discuss hematopoietic stem cell transplantation close to the time of diagnosis, depending on patient goals of therapy, with consideration given to proceeding to transplantation soon after an optimal donor is located. In the interim period before transplantation, hypomethylating agent therapy, induction chemotherapy, or enrollment in a clinical trial should be considered to prevent disease progression, although the optimal pretransplantation therapy is unknown.
Plasma CXCL9 elevations correlate with chronic GVHD diagnosis
Authors: Kitko Carrie L. , Levine John E. , Storer Barry E. , Chai Xiaoyu , Fox David A. , Braun Thomas M. , Couriel Daniel R. , Martin Paul J. , Flowers Mary E. , Hansen John A. , Chang Lawrence , Conlon Megan , Fiema Bryan J. , Morgan Rachel , Pongtornpipat Prae , Lamiman Kelly , Ferrara James L. M. , Lee Stephanie J. , Paczesny Sophie 
Published: December 2013

Key Points
Plasma concentrations of CXCL9 are elevated at the onset of cGVHD diagnosis, but not in patients with cGVHD for more than 3 months. Plasma concentrations of CXCL9 are impacted by immunosuppressive therapy.
Meta-analysis methods for combining multiple expression profiles: comparisons, statistical characterization and an application guideline
Authors: Chang Lun-Ching , Lin Hui-Min , Sibille Etienne , Tseng George C 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundAs high-throughput genomic technologies become accurate and affordable, an increasing number of data sets have been accumulated in the public domain and genomic information integration and meta-analysis have become routine in biomedical research. In this paper, we focus on microarray meta-analysis, where multiple microarray studies with relevant biological hypotheses are combined in order to improve candidate marker detection. Many methods have been developed and applied in the literature, but their performance and properties have only been minimally investigated. There is currently no clear conclusion or guideline as to the proper choice of a meta-analysis method given an application; the decision essentially requires both statistical and biological considerations.ResultsWe performed 12 microarray meta-analysis methods for combining multiple simulated expression profiles, and such methods can be categorized for different hypothesis setting purposes: (1)HSA: DE genes with non-zero effect sizes in all studies, (2)HSB: DE genes with non-zero effect sizes in one or more studies and (3)HSr: DE gene with non-zero effect in "majority" of studies. We then performed a comprehensive comparative analysis through six large-scale real applications using four quantitative statistical evaluation criteria: detection capability, biological association, stability and robustness. We elucidated hypothesis settings behind the methods and further apply multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) and an entropy measure to characterize the meta-analysis methods and data structure, respectively.ConclusionsThe aggregated results from the simulation study categorized the 12 methods into three hypothesis settings (HSA,HSB, andHSr). Evaluation in real data and results from MDS and entropy analyses provided an insightful and practical guideline to the choice of the most suitable method in a given application. All source files for simulation and real data are available on the author’s publication website.
A genome-wide scan for signatures of differential artificial selection in ten cattle breeds
Authors: Rothammer Sophie , Seichter Doris , Förster Martin , Medugorac Ivica 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundSince the times of domestication, cattle have been continually shaped by the influence of humans. Relatively recent history, including breed formation and the still enduring enormous improvement of economically important traits, is expected to have left distinctive footprints of selection within the genome. The purpose of this study was to map genome-wide selection signatures in ten cattle breeds and thus improve the understanding of the genome response to strong artificial selection and support the identification of the underlying genetic variants of favoured phenotypes. We analysed 47,651 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) using Cross Population Extended Haplotype Homozygosity (XP-EHH).ResultsWe set the significance thresholds using the maximum XP-EHH values of two essentially artificially unselected breeds and found up to 229 selection signatures per breed. Through a confirmation process we verified selection for three distinct phenotypes typical for one breed (polledness in Galloway, double muscling in Blanc-Bleu Belge and red coat colour in Red Holstein cattle). Moreover, we detected six genes strongly associated with known QTL for beef or dairy traits (TG, ABCG2, DGAT1, GH1, GHRand the Casein Cluster) within selection signatures of at least one breed. A literature search for genes lying in outstanding signatures revealed further promising candidate genes. However, in concordance with previous genome-wide studies, we also detected a substantial number of signatures without any yet known gene content.ConclusionsThese results show the power of XP-EHH analyses in cattle to discover promising candidate genes and raise the hope of identifying phenotypically important variants in the near future. The finding of plausible functional candidates in some short signatures supports this hope. For instance,MAP2K6is the only annotated gene of two signatures detected in Galloway and Gelbvieh cattle and is already known to be associated with carcass weight, back fat thickness and marbling score in Korean beef cattle. Based on the confirmation process and literature search we deduce that XP-EHH is able to uncover numerous artificial selection targets in subpopulations of domesticated animals.
Enhancing effect of lysine combined with other compounds on cephamycin C production in Streptomyces clavuligerus
Authors: Leite Carla A , Cavallieri André P , Araujo Maria L G C 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Lysine plays an important role in Streptomyces clavuligerus metabolism; it takes part in its catabolism, via cadaverine, and in its secondary metabolism, in which lysine is converted via 1-piperideine-6-carboxylate to alpha-aminoadipic acid, a beta-lactam antibiotic precursor. The role of lysine as an enhancer of cephamycin C production, when added to production medium at concentrations above 50 mmol l-1, has already been reported in the literature, with some studies attributing a positive influence to multifunctional diamines, among other compounds. However, there is a lack of research on the combined effect of these compounds on antibiotic production.

Results
Results from experimental design-based tests were used to conduct response surface-based optimization studies in order to investigate the synergistic effect of combining lysine with cadaverine, putrescine, 1,3-diaminopropane, or alpha-aminoadipic acid on cephamycin C volumetric production. Lysine combined with cadaverine influenced production positively, but only at low lysine concentrations. On the whole, higher putrescine concentrations (0.4 g l-1) affected negatively cephamycin C volumetric production. In comparison to culture media containing only lysine as additive, combinations of this amino acid with alpha-aminoadipic acid or 1,3-diaminopropane increased cephamycin C production by more than 100%.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that different combinations of lysine with diamines or lysine with alpha-aminoadipic acid engender significant differences with respect to antibiotic volumetric production, with emphasis on the benefits observed for lysine combined with alpha-aminoadipic acid or 1,3-diaminopropane. This increase is explained by mathematical models and demonstrated by means of bioreactor cultivations. Moreover, it is consistent with the positive influence of these compounds on lysine conversion to alpha-aminoadipic acid, a limiting step in cephamycin C production.
Commensal Streptococcus agalactiaeisolated from patients seen at University Hospital of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil: capsular types, genotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence determinants
Authors: Otaguiri Eliane Saori , Morguette Ana Elisa Belotto , Tavares Eliandro Reis , dos Santos Pollyanna Myrella Capela , Morey Alexandre Tadachi , Cardoso Juscélio Donizete , Perugini Márcia Regina Eches , Yamauchi Lucy Megumi , Yamada-Ogatta Sueli Fumie 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background

Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococci (GBS) have the ability to access various host sites, which reflects its adaptability to different environments during the course of infection. This adaptation is due to the expression of virulence factors that are involved with survival, invasion and bacterial persistence in the host. This study aimed to characterize GBS isolates from women of reproductive age seen at University Hospital of Londrina, according to capsular typing, genetic relatedness, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and occurrence of virulence determinants.

Results
A total of 83 GBS isolates were enrolled in this study. Capsular types Ia (42.2%), II (10.8%), III (14.5%) and V (30.1%) were identified in most GBS. One isolate each was classified as type IX and non-typeable.
A total of 15 multiple locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) types were identified among the isolates, seven were singletons and eight were represented by more than four isolates. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, cefepime, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, levofloxacin and vancomycin. Resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was observed in 19.3 and 13.3% of isolates, respectively. All isolates resistant to clindamycin were simultaneously resistant to erythromycin and were distributed in the capsular types III and V. One isolate showed the constitutive macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (cMLSB) phenotype and ten showed the inducible MLSB (iMLSB) phenotype. The mechanism of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin more prevalent among these isolates was mediated by the gene ermA, alone or in combination with the gene ermB. The isolates displaying resistance only to erythromycin belonged to capsular type Ia, and showed the M phenotype, which was mediated by the mefA/E gene. All isolates harbored the gene hylB and at least one pilus variant, PI-1, PI-2a or PI-2b. Although cylE was observed in all GBS, four isolates were classified as gamma-hemolytic and carotenoid pigment non-producers.

Conclusions
Our results indicate the potential virulence of commensal GBS isolates, reinforcing the need for continued screening for this bacterium to prevent infections. The distribution of capsular and pili antigens, and MLVA profiles was also identified, which may contribute to the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of GBS infection.
Global RNA sequencing reveals that genotype-dependent allele-specific expression contributes to differential expression in rice F1 hybrids
Authors: Song Gaoyuan , Guo Zhibin , Liu Zhenwei , Cheng Qin , Qu Xuefeng , Chen Rong , Jiang Daiming , Liu Chuan , Wang Wei , Sun Yunfang , Zhang Liping , Zhu Yingguo , Yang Daichang 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Extensive studies on heterosis in plants using transcriptome analysis have identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in F1 hybrids. However, it is not clear why yield in heterozygotes is superior to that of the homozygous parents or how DEGs are produced. Global allele-specific expression analysis in hybrid rice has the potential to answer these questions.

Results
We report a genome-wide allele-specific expression analysis using RNA-sequencing technology of 3,637–3,824 genes from three rice F1 hybrids. Of the expressed genes, 3.7% exhibited an unexpected type of monoallelic expression and 23.8% showed preferential allelic expression that was genotype-dependent in reciprocal crosses. Those genes exhibiting allele-specific expression comprised 42.4% of the genes differentially expressed between F1 hybrids and their parents. Allele-specific expression accounted for 79.8% of the genes displaying more than a 10-fold expression level difference between an F1 and its parents, and almost all (97.3%) of the genes expressed in F1, but non-expressed in one parent. Significant allelic complementary effects were detected in the F1 hybrids of rice.

Conclusions
Analysis of the allelic expression profiles of genes at the critical stage for highest biomass production from the leaves of three different rice F1 hybrids identified genotype-dependent allele-specific expression genes. A cis-regulatory mechanism was identified that contributes to allele-specific expression, leading to differential gene expression and allelic complementary effects in F1 hybrids.