bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors and impact of adjuvant treatments on local and metastatic relapse of soft‐tissue sarcoma patients in the competing risks setting
Authors: Italiano Antoine , Le Cesne Axel , Mendiboure Jean , Blay Jean‐Yves , Piperno‐Neumann Sophie , Chevreau Christine , Delcambre Corinne , Penel Nicolas , Terrier Philippe , Ranchere‐Vince Dominique , Lae Marick , Le Guellec Sophie , Michels Jean‐Jacques , Robin Yves Marie , Bellera Carine , Bonvalot Sylvie 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUNDIn the medical literature many analyses of outcomes of sarcoma patients were performed without regard to the problem of “competing risks.”METHODSWe analyzed local relapse–free and metastasis‐free survival in a population of 3255 adult patients with a primary soft‐tissue sarcoma (STS) included in the French Sarcoma Group database. Cumulative incidence of local and metastatic relapse was estimated by accounting for death as a competing event.RESULTSOn multivariate analysis, age, tumor site, histological subtype, and grade were independent adverse prognostic factors for local relapse, whereas tumor depth and size had no influence. Histological subtype, tumor depth, tumor size, and grade were independent adverse prognostic factors for metastatic relapse. Despite a higher incidence of competing deaths in patients managed with adjuvant radiotherapy than in patients not receiving radiotherapy, adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with a significant benefit in terms of local relapse–free survival. Despite a similar cumulative incidence of competing deaths in patients with grade 2 and grade 3 disease, we found that the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy was present only in patients with grade 3 and not in patients with grade 2 disease.CONCLUSIONSIn the setting of competing risks, tumor biology reflected by histological grade is a crucial predictor of local relapse, whereas tumor depth and size have poor if any influence. Grade could also predict the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with STS. Cancer 2014;120:3361–3369. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Mechanical Properties and Failure Mechanisms of Graphene under a Central Load
Authors: Wang Shuaiwei , Yang Baocheng , Zhang Shouren , Yuan Jinyun , Si Yubing , Chen Houyang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBy employing molecular dynamics simulations, the evolution of deformation of a monolayer graphene sheet under a central transverse loading are investigated. Dependence of mechanical responses on the symmetry (shape) of the loading domain, on the size of the graphene sheet, and on temperature, is determined. It is found that the symmetry of the loading domain plays a central role in fracture strength and strain. By increasing the size of the graphene sheet or increasing temperature, the tensile strength and fracture strain decrease. The results have demonstrated that the breaking force and breaking displacement are sensitive to both temperature and the symmetry of the loading domain. In addition, we find that the intrinsic strength of graphene under a central load is much smaller than that of graphene under a uniaxial load. By examining the deformation processes, two failure mechanisms are identified namely, brittle bond breaking and plastic relaxation. In the second mechanism, the Stone–Wales transformation occurs.
Tin Nanoparticles in Carbon/Silica Hybrid Materials by the Use of Twin Polymerization
Authors: Leonhardt Christian , Brumm Susann , Seifert Andreas , Lange Arno , Csihony Szilard , Mehring Michael 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSimultaneous twin polymerization was used to synthesize hybrid materials composed of tin oxide, silica, and a phenolic resin starting from a mixture of 2,2′‐spirobi[4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxasiline] (Si‐spiro) with either the tin(IV) alkoxides 2,2′‐spirobi[4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxastannine] (A), 2,2′‐spirobi[6‐methyl‐4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxastannine] (B), and 2,2′‐spirobi[6‐methoxy‐4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxastannine] (C) or the novel tin(II) alkoxides tin(II)‐2‐(oxidomethyl)‐4‐methoxyphenolate (D) and tin(II)‐2‐(oxidomethyl)‐5‐methoxyphenolate (E). In addition, the twin polymerization of the twin monomer Si‐spiro in the presence of tin‐containing additives, such as Sn(OtBu)4, Sn(OnBu)2, Sn(OAc)4, and Sn(OAc)2, was investigated for comparison. The as‐prepared hybrid materials were characterized using solid‐state NMR spectroscopy (13C, 29Si, 119Sn) and high‐angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy, and were finally converted under Ar/H2 atmosphere at 600 °C to tin nanoparticles (10–200 nm) in porous carbon/silica hybrid materials (Sn/C/SiO2) with BET surface areas up to 352 m2 g−1.
The Effects of Calcium Supplementation on Verified Coronary Heart Disease Hospitalization and Death in Postmenopausal Women: A Collaborative Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lewis Joshua R , Radavelli-Bagatini Simone , Rejnmark Lars , Chen Jian Sheng , Simpson Judy M , Lappe Joan M , Mosekilde Leif , Prentice Ross L , Prince Richard L 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Calcium supplementation, particularly with vitamin D, has been an approved public health intervention to reduce fracture risk. Enthusiasm for this intervention has been mitigated by meta-analyses suggesting that calcium supplementation with or without vitamin D increases myocardial infarction (MI) risk; however, concern has been raised over the design of these meta-analyses. We, therefore, undertook a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with placebo or no-treatment control groups to determine if these supplements increase all-cause mortality and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk including MI, angina pectoris and acute coronary syndrome, and chronic CHD verified by clinical review, hospital record, or death certificate in elderly women. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were searched from January 1, 1966, to May 24, 2013, for potentially eligible studies, reference lists were checked, and trial investigators were contacted where additional unpublished data were required. The search yielded 661 potentially eligible reports of which 18 met the inclusion criteria and contributed information on 63,563 participants with 3390 CHD events and 4157 deaths. Two authors extracted the data independently with trial data combined using random-effects meta-analysis to calculate the relative risk (RR). Five trials contributed CHD events with pooled relative RR of 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96–1.09; p = 0.51). Seventeen trials contributed all-cause mortality data with pooled RR of 0.96 (95% CI, 0.91–1.02; p = 0.18). Heterogeneity among the trials was low for both primary outcomes (I2 = 0%). For secondary outcomes, the RR for MI was 1.08 (95% CI, 0.92–1.26; p = 0.32), angina pectoris and acute coronary syndrome 1.09 (95% CI, 0.95–1.24; p = 0.22) and chronic CHD 0.92 (95% CI, 0.73–1.15; p = 0.46). In conclusion, current evidence does not support the hypothesis that calcium supplementation with or without vitamin D increases coronary heart disease or all-cause mortality risk in elderly women. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Childhood Cortical Porosity Is Related to Microstructural Properties of the Bone-Muscle Junction
Authors: Schnitzler Christine M 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Childhood cortical porosity is attributable to giant asymmetrical drifting osteonal canals that arise predominantly along the primary-secondary bone interface (PSBI). Bone from the external iliac crest cortex of 92 subjects aged 0 to 25 years was examined histomorphometrically for differences in microstructural properties between primary and secondary bone that might account for features of drifting osteonal canals. Primary compared with secondary bone showed greater numbers of osteocyte lacunae, thinner collagen lamellae, and a scaffold of elastic perforating fibers (PFs). The greater number of osteocyte lacunae compounded by known perilacunar strain amplification and the presence of elastic PFs are expected to be associated with greater bone tissue strain in primary than in secondary bone and thus with strain gradients at the PSBI. Strain gradients may lead local osteocytes to originate resorption canals and to promote transverse drift of the resorption front into lower-strain secondary bone, thus creating giant asymmetrical drifting osteonal canals that remodel primary to secondary bone. PFs extended from muscle fibers through periosteum and primary bone to the PSBI, where they were resorbed by origination of drifting canals. Growth modeling by periosteal osteoblasts proceeds in the gaps between PFs. Through the direct connection between muscle and the PSBI via PFs, muscle forces may influence not only modeling by raising strain but also remodeling of primary to secondary bone by increasing strain gradients at the PSBI. With reduction in primary bone width after the mid-teens, numbers of drifting canals and porosity declined. Differences in microstructural properties between primary and secondary bone are expected to generate strain gradients at the PSBI that contribute to site, transverse drift, asymmetry and large size of drifting canals, and, hence, to cortical porosity. Cortical porosity in children is a physiological feature of bone growth in width. Advisability of therapeutic intervention remains to be defined. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Ellagic Acid Antiinflammatory and Antiapoptotic Potential Mediate Renoprotection in Cisplatin Nephrotoxic Rats
Authors: El‐Garhy Amany M. , Abd El‐Raouf Ola M. , El‐Sayeh Bahia M. , Fawzy Hala M. , Abdallah Dalaal M. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTEllagic acid (EA) renoprotective effect against cisplatin (CIS)‐induced nephrotoxicity remains elusive. Therefore, male Sprague–Dawley rats received CIS alone or EA (10 and 30 mg/kg, p.o.) for 5 days before and after CIS injection. CIS increased serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, γ‐glutamyl transferase, and reduced those of albumin and total protein. It also raised serum endothelin‐1, as well as serum and renal nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1. CIS enhanced the renal caspase‐3, hemeoxygenase (HO)‐1, nuclear factor‐κB, and inducible nitric oxide. EA hampered CIS‐induced nephrotoxicity manifested by an enhancement of the glomerular filtration rate which was associated by the reduction of inflammatory mediators and the apoptotic marker in the serum and/or kidney. The present study discloses that EA suppresses HO‐1 and, its renoprotection is also linked to its anti‐inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties, as well as the reduction of nitric oxide and endothelin‐1.
Monitoring fermentation processes using in‐process measurements of different orders
Authors: Svendsen Carina , Skov Thomas , van den Berg Frans W. J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn‐process monitoring of fermentation processes (at‐line, on‐line or in‐line measurements) is essential to control productivity and ensure high product quality. A number of different monitoring techniques are available for this purpose and one possible categorization among this variety of techniques is based on the different structures generated by the measurements and the potential of these with respect to holding and extracting process information. In this study lactic fermentation processes is monitored by different techniques (brix, pH, NIR‐ and fluorescence‐spectroscopy) providing different data structures (zero‐, first‐ and second‐order). Multivariate data analysis (PCA and PARAFAC) was applied on the first‐ and second‐order data sets, and the different measurement signals or derivatives of these were combined by a multiblock strategy. The aim of this work is to present and clarify the advantages and variations of the different data structures.RESULTSThe zero‐order pH and brix measurements (a commonly used measure for total sugar content in wine fermentations) decreased in a smooth and logical pattern from 6.4 to 4.4 and from 10.5% to 6.2%, respectively – provided valuable critical quality attributes, communicating the fermentation process is progressing over time in accordance with biological and engineering intuition. The first‐order NIR measurements modelled with PCA showed an increasing trend over time on PC1. This increasing trend corresponds to the lactic bacterial growth. This trend could be distinguished by statistical modelling from a second trend (PC2), reproducible for all production batches. Based on the second‐order fluorescence measurements modelled by PARAFAC and its statistical uniqueness properties, three distinctive fluorescence compounds were found to vary over process time. Most probably these three compounds represent riboflavin, tryptophan and lumichrome or NADH. Using multiblock PCA the combined sensor signals identified two distinguished, reproducible time profiles for all batch runs.CONCLUSIONSThe most interpretable chemical information was obtained by fluorescence spectroscopy due to the uniqueness properties of second‐order measurements. The first‐order technique NIR spectroscopy also provided valuable process information, though the process trends can only be interpreted indirectly and if interfering species had been encountered they could not have been modelled. The multiblock data set provided by zero‐, first‐ and second‐order measurements recorded over time highlighted important relationships among the different variables that provide chemical information when multivariate data analysis is applied. Although, first‐ and second‐order measurements seem to obtain more information than the zero‐order measurements, it is important to keep in mind that zero‐order measurements can provide valuable information about the process, especially in combination with different sensors. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Prenatal diagnosis of left coronary artery to right ventricle fistula
Authors: Oztunc Funda , Gokalp Selman , Yuksel Mehmet Aytac , Imamoglu Metehan , Madazli Riza 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTPrenatal diagnosis of a congenital coronary artery fistula between the left coronary artery and the right ventricle was established at 28 weeks of gestation. Hydrops fetalis developed during follow‐up and the baby died on the first day after delivery. It is rare for coronary artery fistulas to become symptomatic during fetal life. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 43:129–131, 2015
Decomposing Graphs of High Minimum Degree into 4‐Cycles
Authors: Bryant Darryn , Cavenagh Nicholas J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIf a graph G decomposes into edge‐disjoint 4‐cycles, then each vertex of G has even degree and 4 divides the number of edges in G. It is shown that these obvious necessary conditions are also sufficient when G is any simple graph having minimum degree at least , where n is the number of vertices in G. This improves the bound given by Gustavsson (PhD Thesis, University of Stockholm, 1991), who showed (as part of a more general result) sufficiency for simple graphs with minimum degree at least . On the other hand, it is known that for arbitrarily large values of n there exist simple graphs satisfying the obvious necessary conditions, having n vertices and minimum degree , but having no decomposition into edge‐disjoint 4‐cycles. We also show that if G is a bipartite simple graph with n vertices in each part, then the obvious necessary conditions for G to decompose into 4‐cycles are sufficient when G has minimum degree at least .
Spontaneous MRSA postcricoid abscess: A case report and literature review
Authors: Boyce Brian J. , deSilva Brad W. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractLaryngeal abscesses are rare but potentially life‐threatening infections due to potential airway obstruction. Most abscesses occur in the epiglottis or preepiglottic space as a sequela of acute supraglottitis. Abscesses in the posterior larynx are extremely rare and typically due to instrumentation or trauma. Appropriate workup and management of the airway are essential for optimizing outcomes in these patients. We present an interesting case and our management of a spontaneous posterior laryngeal abscess due to methicillin‐resistant Staphlococcus aureus. Laryngoscope, 124:2583–2585, 2014
Natural history and biomarkers in hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1
Authors: Fridman Vera , Oaklander Anne louise , David William S. , Johnson Elise A. , Pan Jessica , Novak Peter , Brown Robert H. , Eichler Florian S. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 (HSAN1) is most commonly caused by missense mutations in SPTLC1. In this study we mapped symptom progression and compared the utility of outcomes. Methods: We administered retrospective surveys of symptoms and analyzed results of nerve conduction, autonomic function testing (AFT), and PGP9.5‐immunolabeled skin biopsies. Results: The first symptoms were universally sensory and occurred at a median age of 20 years (range 14–54 years). The onset of weakness, ulcers, pain, and balance problems followed sequentially. Skin biopsies revealed universally absent epidermal innervation at the distal leg with relative preservation in the thigh. Neurite density was highly correlated with total Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Examination Score (CMTES; r2 = −0.8) and median motor amplitude (r2 = −0.75). Conclusions: These results confirm sensory loss as the initial symptom of HSAN1 and suggest that skin biopsy may be the most promising biomarker for future clinical trials. Muscle Nerve, 2015 Muscle Nerve 51: 489–495, 2015
II–VI Compounds and Related Materials
Authors: Fujita Shizuo , Kobayashi Masakazu , Yasuda Takashi , Ichino Kunio 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe present issue of physica status solidi contains papers presented at the 16th International Conference on II–VI Compounds and Related Materials (II–VI 2013) held in Nagahama, Japan, September 9–13, 2013. The papers were selected after peer reviewing and revision processes of original manuscripts.This conference is the continuation of a successful series of biennial conferences which started in Durham (UK) in 1983. The last three conferences were held in Jeju, Korea (2007), Saint Petersburg, Russia (2009), and Mayan Riviera, Mexico (2011). These conferences have contributed to review and stimulate the progress in basic and applied research on II–VI compounds. More recently, the research targets of II–VI compounds have extended or merged to those of other related materials such as a variety of oxide and chalcopyrite semiconductors, and in this view this conference covered “II–VI Compounds and Related Materials”.This conference was attended by 143 participants registered for technical sessions from 15 countries all over the world. During the course of the conference, 8 invited talks and 122 contributed papers were given as oral and poster presentation. “II–VI 2013” highlighted fundamental physics in optics and spintronics, new materials and structures contributing to emerging devices, optical devices from infrared to UV as well as X‐ and gamma‐ray regions, transparent electronic devices, and new functions in semiconductors.We would like to thank all the participants and sponsoring organizations for contributing to the success of the conference and acknowledge the diligent work of the committee members and the referees of manuscripts. A special appreciation is due to financial supporters recognizing the importance of fundamental fields in science and technology covered in this conference.The 17th conference will be organized by Dr. Christophe Testelin and held in Paris, France, 2015.
Non‐invasive prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidies in the first trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Song Y. , Huang S. , Zhou X. , Jiang Y. , Qi Q. , Bian X. , Zhang J. , Yan Y. , Cram D. S. , Liu J. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) of maternal plasma samples collected from pregnant Chinese women in early gestation, between 8 + 0 and 12 + 6 weeks' gestation.MethodsIn this pilot study, 212 women with high‐risk pregnancies were recruited at a single Chinese Hospital. Fetal aneuploidies associated with chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X and Y were detected by massively parallel sequencing of maternal plasma DNA samples. Invasive prenatal diagnosis by either chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis and then karyotyping was offered to all women to confirm both positive and negative NIPT results. Fetal DNA fraction was also determined in male pregnancies, by the relative percentage of Y‐chromosome sequences. All confirmed NIPT‐negative pregnancies were followed up to birth and neonates were clinically evaluated for any symptoms of chromosomal disease.ResultsAutosomal aneuploidies trisomy 21 (n = 2), 18 (n = 1) and 13 (n = 1) were detected by NIPT and confirmed by amniocentesis and karyotyping. There were one false‐positive 45,X sample and two false‐negative samples associated with fetal karyotypes 47,XXY and 45,X[16]/47,XXX[14]. In the 100 male pregnancies, the median fetal DNA fraction was 8.54% and there was a trend towards an increasing fetal fraction from 8 + 0 to 12 + 6 weeks' gestation. The majority (95%) of pregnancies had a fetal DNA fraction > 4%, which is generally the limit for accurate aneuploidy detection by NIPT. Across this early gestational time period, there was a weak inverse relationship (R2 = 0.186) between fetal DNA fraction and maternal weight.ConclusionsNIPT is highly reliable and accurate when applied to maternal DNA samples collected from pregnant women in the first trimester between 8 + 0 and 12 + 6 weeks. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Fabrication of SAPO‐34 with Tuned Mesopore Structure
Authors: Razavian Marjan , Fatemi Shohreh 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCrystalline SAPO‐34 molecular sieves with hierarchical network were synthesized employing polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the meso‐generating agent via a self‐assembly strategy. XRD, FESEM, N2 adsorption‐desorption and FT‐IR spectroscopic analyses showed that PEG co‐template has a decisive role in tailoring the pore structure and producing a tuned structure from microporous towards the mesoporous structure. Also, addition of PEG favored the formation of more uniform and smaller crystals than the conventional SAPO‐34. In fact, PEG did not only control the size of crystals due to its crystal growth inhibiting (CGI) effect but also modified the morphology of the crystals and improved CSD (crystal size distribution) along with induction of mesopores into the porous structure. The modified SAPO‐34 would be recommended for selective formation of light olefins through the acid‐catalyzed reactions, such as the conversion of methanol to olefins/propylene (MTO/MTP) and propane dehydrogenation (PDH) to produce olefins with higher selectivity and catalyst stability than the conventional SAPO‐34.