bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance training promotes increase in intracellular hydration in men and women
Authors: Ribeiro Alex S. , Avelar Ademar , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Ritti Dias Raphael M. , Altimari Leandro R. , Cyrino Edilson S. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 16 weeks of resistance training (RT) on body water in men and women. Thirty men (22.7 ± 4.4 years, 68.4 ± 9.0 kg and 174.5 ± 6.6 cm) and 34 women (22.7 ± 4.1 years, 58.8 ± 11.9 kg and 162.6 ± 6.2 cm) underwent progressive RT for 16 weeks (2 phases, 8 weeks each), 3 times per week, that consisted of 10–12 whole body exercises with 3 sets of 8–12 repetitions maximum. Total body water, TBW (intracellular water, ICW and extracellular water, ECW compartments) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) were assessed using a spectral bioelectrical impedance device (Xitron 4200 Bioimpedance Spectrum Analyzer). TBW, ICW compartment and SMM increased significantly (P < 0.05) over time in men (+7.5%, +8.2% and +4.2%, respectively) and women (+7.6%, +11.0% +3.9%, respectively), with no sex by time interaction (P > 0.05). We conclude that progressive RT promotes an increase in body water, principally by intracellular content; however, the hydration status is not influenced by sex.
NAK for Ext and ascent of module structures
Authors: Anderson Benjamin , Sather-Wagstaff Sean 
Published: January 2014

We investigate the interplay between properties of Ext modules and the ascent of module structures along local ring homomorphisms. Specifically, let

φ
:
(
R
,

m

,
k
)
→
(
S
,

m

S
,
k
)

\varphi \colon (R,\mathfrak {m},k)\to (S,\mathfrak {m} S,k)

be a flat local ring homomorphism. We show that if

M
M

is a finitely generated

R
R

-module such that

Ext

R

i

⁡
(
S
,
M
)

\operatorname {Ext}_{R}^{i}(S,M)

satisfies NAK (e.g. if

Ext

R

i

⁡
(
S
,
M
)

\operatorname {Ext}_{R}^{i}(S,M)

is finitely generated over

S
S

) for

i
=
1
,
…
,

dim

R

⁡
(
M
)

i=1,\ldots ,\dim _{R}(M)

, then

Ext

R

i

⁡
(
S
,
M
)
=
0

\operatorname {Ext}_{R}^{i}(S,M)=0

for all

i
≠
0

i\neq 0

and

M
M

has an

S
S

-module structure that is compatible with its

R
R

-module structure via

φ
\varphi

. We provide explicit computations of

Ext

R

i

⁡
(
S
,
M
)

\operatorname {Ext}_{R}^{i}(S,M)

to indicate how large it can be when

M
M

does not have a compatible

S
S

-module structure.
NGSANE: a lightweight production informatics framework for high-throughput data analysis
Authors: Buske Fabian A. , French Hugh J. , Smith Martin A. , Clark Susan J. , Bauer Denis C. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSummary: The initial steps in the analysis of next-generation sequencing data can be automated by way of software ‘pipelines’. However, individual components depreciate rapidly because of the evolving technology and analysis methods, often rendering entire versions of production informatics pipelines obsolete. Constructing pipelines from Linux bash commands enables the use of hot swappable modular components as opposed to the more rigid program call wrapping by higher level languages, as implemented in comparable published pipelining systems.Here we present Next Generation Sequencing ANalysis for Enterprises (NGSANE), a Linux-based, high-performance-computing-enabled framework that minimizes overhead for set up and processing of new projects, yet maintains full flexibility of custom scripting when processing raw sequence data.Availability and implementation: Ngsane is implemented in bash and publicly available under BSD (3-Clause) licence via GitHub at https://github.com/BauerLab/ngsane.Contact: Denis.Bauer@csiro.auSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Composition of seed sequence is a major determinant of microRNA targeting patterns
Authors: Wang Xiaowei 
Published: January 2014

AbstractMotivation: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are extensively involved in gene expression regulation. One major roadblock in functional miRNA studies is the reliable prediction of genes targeted by miRNAs, as rules defining miRNA target recognition have not been well-established to date. Availability of high-throughput experimental data from a recent CLASH (cross linking, ligation and sequencing of hybrids) study has presented an unprecedented opportunity to characterize miRNA target recognition patterns, which may provide guidance for improved miRNA target prediction.Results: The CLASH data were analysed to identify distinctive sequence features that characterize canonical and non-canonical miRNA target types. Most miRNA targets were of non-canonical type, i.e. without involving perfect pairing to canonical miRNA seed region. Different miRNAs have distinct targeting patterns, and this miRNA-to-miRNA variability was associated with seed sequence composition. Specifically, seed-based canonical target recognition was dependent on the GC content of the miRNA seed. For miRNAs with low GC content of the seed region, non-canonical targeting was the dominant mechanism for target recognition. In contrast to canonical targeting, non-canonical targeting did not lead to significant target downregulation at either the RNA or protein level.Contact: xwang@radonc.wustl.edu
The determinants of alpine butterfly richness and composition vary according to the ecological traits of species
Authors: Sonnay Vincent , Pellissier Loïc , Pradervand Jean-Nicolas , Maiorano Luigi , Dubuis Anne , Wisz Mary S. , Guisan Antoine 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPredicting spatial patterns of species diversity and composition using suitable environmental predictors is an essential element in conservation planning. Although species have distinct relationships to environmental conditions, some similarities may exist among species that share functional characteristics or traits. We investigated the relationship between species richness, composition and abiotic and biotic environment in different groups of butterflies that share ecological characteristics. We inventoried butterfly species richness in 192 sites and classified all inventoried species in three traits categories: the caterpillars diet breadth, the habitat requirements and the dispersal ability of the adults. We studied how environment, including influence butterfly species richness and composition within each trait category. Across four modelling approaches, the relative influence of environmental variables on butterfly species richness differed for specialists and generalists. Climatic variables were the main determinants of butterfly species richness and composition for generalists, whereas habitat diversity, and plant richness were also important for specialists. Prediction accuracy was lower for specialists than for generalists. Although climate variables represent the strongest drivers affecting butterfly species richness and composition for generalists, plant richness and habitat diversity are at least as important for specialist butterfly species. As specialist butterflies are among those species particularly threatened by global changes, devising accurate predictors to model specialist species richness is extremely important. However, our results indicate that this task will be challenging because more complex predictors are required.
GSTA1*‐69C/T and GSTO2*N142D as asthma‐ and allergy‐related risk factors in Italian adult patients
Authors: Piacentini Sara , Polimanti Renato , Iorio Andrea , Cortesi Maurizio , Papa Fabrizio , Rongioletti Mauro , Liumbruno Giancarlo M. , Manfellotto Dario , Fuciarelli Maria 
Published: January 2014

Summary

Asthma and allergies are characterized by variable and subjective symptoms influenced by many genes, molecular mechanisms and environmental factors. The presence of inflammation and oxidative stress in the airways are important biochemical features of asthma and respiratory allergies. Glutathione S‐transferase (GSTs) enzymes play an important role in cellular protection against inflammation, and functional genetic polymorphisms in GST genes show a significant association with asthma and allergy risk. Specifically, our previous study on asthmatic children highlighted GSTA1 and GSTO2 as novel susceptibility loci for asthma.

In the present study we focused our attention on GSTA1*‐69C/T (rs3957357) and GSTO2*N142D (rs156697) polymorphisms to confirm our previous results in an independent adult study population and to clarify whether GSTA1 and GSTO2 gene polymorphisms are involved in a non‐discriminative pathway towards asthma and respiratory allergy.

To accomplish this, we recruited 103 patients with respiratory allergies, 199 patients with asthma and 200 healthy controls. Genomic DNA extracted from buccal cells was screened for GSTA1*‐69C/T and GSTO2*N142D single nucleotide polymorphisms.

The GSTA1*‐69T and GSTO2*D142 variants are both associated with a significantly increased risk of asthma, whereas only GSTA1*‐69C/T is significantly associated with allergies. These outcomes confirm the involvement of GSTO2 loci in asthma and suggest that GSTA1 is a common risk factor for asthma and allergies.
Association of inflammation, myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodelling in patients with mild aortic stenosis as assessed by biomarkers and echocardiography
Authors: Park Ji Young , Ryu Sung Kee , Choi Jae Woong , Kim Min Ho , Jun Jin Hyun , Rha Seung‐Woon , Park Seong‐Mi , Kim Hyo Jeong , Choi Byoung Geol , Noh Yung‐Kyun , Kim Seunghwan 
Published: January 2014

Summary

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships of inflammation, myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodelling in patients with mild aortic stenosis (AS), as assessed by biomarkers and echocardiography.

We consecutively evaluated 32 patients with mild AS, as well as 30 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy individuals with normal aortic valves as control subjects.

Baseline echocardiography showed that the left ventricular (LV) mass index (111.3 ± 26.9 vs 94.5 ± 18.2 g/m2; P = 0.006) and left atrial (LA) volume index (LAVI 27.5 ± 9.0 vs 21.9 ± 5.2 mm3/mm2; P = 0.005) were significantly higher in patients with mild AS.

Furthermore, LA enlargement (LAVI > 33 mm3/mm2; 32.4% vs 3.3%;P = 0.003) and elevated LV filling pressure (E/e′ > 15; 50.0% vs 23.3%; P = 0.036) were higher in patients with mild AS.

In patients with mild AS, stepwise, multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the LV end‐diastolic volume index was independently associated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐1 (β = 0.371; P = 0.015), that the aortic valve mean pressure gradient was independently associated with MMP‐2 (β = 0.19; P = 0.019), that MMP‐2 was independently associated with transforming growth factor‐β (β = 0.95; P < 0.001) and interleukin (IL)‐1 (β = 0.17; P = 0.019) and that IL‐1 was independently associated with tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (β = 0.68; P = 0.001).

Myocardial fibrosis in mild AS is independently associated with three factors: LV volume overload, aortic valve pressure overload and inflammation.
Enalapril attenuates ischaemic brain oedema and protects the blood–brain barrier in rats via an anti‐oxidant action
Authors: Panahpour Hamdollah , Dehghani Gholam Abbas , Bohlooli Shahab 
Published: January 2014

Summary

In the present study, we investigated the effects of postischaemic angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition with enalapril on vasogenic oedema formation and blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity following transient focal cerebral ischaemia in rats.

Cerebral ischaemia was induced by 60 min occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery, followed by 24 h reperfusion. Vehicle and a non‐hypotensive dose of enalapril (0.03 mg/kg) were administered at the beginning of the reperfusion period. A neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined for all rats at the end of the reperfusion period. Then, brain oedema formation was investigated using the wet–dry weight method and BBB permeability was evaluated on the basis of extravasation of Evans blue (EB) dye. In addition, oxidative stress was assessed by measuring reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain homogenates.

Inhibition of ACE by enalapril significantly reduced NDS and decreased brain oedema formation (P < 0.05 for both). Disruption of the BBB following ischaemia resulted in considerable leakage of EB dye into the brain parenchyma of the ipsilateral hemispheres of vehicle‐treated rats. Enalapril significantly (P < 0.05) decreased EB extravasation into the lesioned hemisphere. Enalapril also augmented anti‐oxidant activity in ischaemic brain tissue by increasing GSH concentrations and significantly (P < 0.05) attenuating the increased MDA levels in response to ischaemia.

In conclusion, inhibition of ACE with a non‐hypotensive dose of enalapril may protect BBB function and attenuate oedema formation via anti‐oxidant actions.
Degradation of oxalic acid by the mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans plays an important role in interacting with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Zeng Li‐Mei , Zhang Jing , Han Yong‐Chao , Yang Long , Wu Ming‐de , Jiang Dao‐Hong , Chen Weidong , Li Guo‐Qing 
Published: January 2014

SummaryConiothyrium minitans (Cm) is a mycoparasite of the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss). Ss produces a virulence factor oxalic acid (OA) which is toxic to plants and also to Cm, and Cm detoxifies OA by degradation. In this study, two oxalate decarboxylase genes, Cmoxdc1 and Cmoxdc2, were cloned from Cm strain Chy‐1. OA and low pH induced expression of Cmoxdc1, but not Cmoxdc2. Cmoxdc1 was partially responsible for OA degradation, whereas Cmoxdc2 had no effect on OA degradation. Disruption of Cmoxdc1 in Cm reduced its ability to infect Ss in dual cultures where OA accumulated. Compared with Chy‐1, the Cmoxdc1‐disrupted mutants had reduced expression levels of two mycoparasitism‐related genes chitinase (Cmch1) and β‐1,3‐glucanase (Cmg1), and had no detectable activity of extracellular proteases in the presence of OA. On the other hand, the cultural filtrates of the Cmoxdc1‐disrupted mutants in OA‐amended media showed enhanced antifungal activity, possibly because of increased production of antifungal substances under acidic pH condition resulted from reduced Cmoxdc1‐mediated OA degradation. This study provides direct genetic evidence of OA degradation regulating mycoparasitism and antibiosis of Cm against Ss, and sheds light on the sophisticated strategies of Cm in interacting with metabolically active mycelia and dormant sclerotia of Ss.
Microbial consumption of zero‐valence sulfur in marine benthic habitats
Authors: Pjevac Petra , Kamyshny Alexey , Dyksma Stefan , Mußmann Marc 
Published: January 2014

SummaryZero‐valence sulfur (S0) is a central intermediate in the marine sulfur cycle and forms conspicuous accumulations at sediment surfaces, hydrothermal vents and in oxygen minimum zones. Diverse microorganisms can utilize S0, but those consuming S0 in the environment are largely unknown. We identified possible key players in S0 turnover on native or introduced S0 in benthic coastal and deep‐sea habitats using the 16S ribosomal RNA approach, (in situ) growth experiments and activity measurements. In all habitats, the epsilonproteobacterial Sulfurimonas/Sulfurovum group accounted for a substantial fraction of the microbial community. Deltaproteobacterial Desulfobulbaceae and Desulfuromonadales were also frequently detected, indicating S0 disproportionation and S0 respiration under anoxic conditions. Sulfate production from S0 particles colonized in situ with Sulfurimonas/Sulfurovum suggested that this group oxidized S0. We also show that the type strain Sulfurimonas denitrificans is able to access cyclooctasulfur (S8), a metabolic feature not yet demonstrated for sulfur oxidizers. The ability to oxidize S0, in particular S8, likely facilitates niche partitioning among sulfur oxidizers in habitats with intense microbial sulfur cycling such as sulfidic sediment surfaces. Our results underscore the previously overlooked but central role of Sulfurimonas/Sulfurovum group for conversion of free S0 at the seafloor surface.
Systems‐level analysis of the metabolic responses of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to phosphorus stress
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Kai , Zheng Jian‐Wei , Niu Ying‐Fang , Yang Wei‐Dong , Liu Jie‐Sheng , Li Hong‐Ye 
Published: January 2014

SummaryPhosphorus is an important macronutrient. To understand the molecular and cellular responses to phosphorus stress better, transcriptome profiling in combination with biochemical investigations was conducted in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Out of 10 402 predicted genes, 2491 and 405 genes were significantly upregulated or downregulated respectively. Unsurprisingly, genes associated with phosphate uptake were upregulated, such as the phosphate transporters and alkaline phosphatases. Genes encoding stress‐shock proteins were accordingly upregulated, including genes associated with stress‐responsive proteins, signal transduction and secondary metabolism. Additionally, genes related to protein translation, carbon fixation, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle were also upregulated. Genes associated with gene transcription were downregulated, thereby resulting in the upregulation of translation to compensate for the limited supply of messenger RNA. The downregulation of genes related to β‐oxidation could contribute to the accumulation of fatty acids. Accordingly, triacylglycerols, which are important for energy storage, were determined to increase by 1.65‐fold. Intracellular membranes, other than chloroplast membranes, tended to be dispersed; this finding was in accordance with the increased transcription of a total of 11 genes encoding putative phospholipases. Taken together, this work revealed the coordination of multiple metabolic pathways and certain key genes in the adaptation of P. tricornutum to phosphorus stress.
A Comparison of Progressive Be V‐Ing With Be In The Middle, Midst, Process or Act Of V‐Ing: The Interaction Of Lexical And Grammatical Progressive Aspect
Authors: Van Rompaey Tinne 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article presents a semantic‐pragmatic analysis and comparison of the be V‐ing construction and the emergent progressive aspect markers (PAM) be in the middle, midst, process or act of V‐ing. On the basis of data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English, I first argue that the PAMs be in the middle, midst, process or act of V‐ing show striking similarities with semi‐auxiliary be V‐ing. Both progressive constructions pattern with the same range of predicate classes, namely predominantly atelic actions and telic accomplishments. Not only is there overlap in their lexical‐collocational preferences, the emergent PAMs and be V‐ing also impose the same grammatical reading on the sentence: they represent or “actualize” the situations expressed by the following V‐ing as unbounded and durative, regardless of whether these aspectual properties are already inherent in the predicates or not. Second, I address the question in which respect the emergence of the be in NP of V‐ing aspectualizer construction causes reorganization within the paradigm of progressive aspect. The difference between be V‐ing and the PAMs lies in the expanded uses of the former and the specialization of the latter into expressions of continuousness, with the exception of be in the process of V‐ing. This particular construction seems to have developed into an aspectual marker of imminence, meaning that it refers to the preparatory phase leading up to the action. In most instances of be in the middle, midst and act of V‐ing, however, the PAMs indicate that a situation is taking place without interruption at the temporal zero point. Be V‐ing does not really display this preference for continuousness, as it takes on as often other shades of progressivity, for instance implied iterativity or habituality, and non‐aspectual functions such as prospectivity and subjective meanings. I claim that it is exactly this functional indeterminacy of the be V‐ing form that probably triggered the development of the PAM as a construction reinforcing one specific feature of progressivity, namely pure continuousness.
Extraction of Anthocyanins from Black Bean Canning Wastewater with Macroporous Resins
Authors: Wang Xiaoxi , Hansen Conly , Allen Karin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis study investigated purification of anthocyanins from black bean canning wastewater by column chromatography with 5 types of macroporous resins (Diaion Hp20, Sepabeads Sp70, Sepabeads Sp207, Sepabeads Sp700, and Sepabeads Sp710). By‐product of canned black beans was partially purified by filtration, in anticipation of higher performance during column chromatography. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms were measured and analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Both Langmuir (all R2 ≥ 0.98) and Freundlich (all R2 ≥ 0.97) models can describe the adsorption process of anthocyanins from black bean canning wastewater using the tested resins. The adsorption and desorption behaviors of anthocyanins were studied using a dynamic method on the 5 types of resins, and Sp700 presented the highest adsorption capacity (39 ± 4 mg/g; P < 0.05) as well as desorption capacity (19 ± 2%; P < 0.05), indicating that of the resins examined, Sp700 is a better candidate for purification of anthocyanins from black bean canning wastewater.
Potential for plant growth promotion by a consortium of stress‐tolerant 2,4‐dinitrotoluene‐degrading bacteria: isolation and characterization of a military soil
Authors: Thijs Sofie , Weyens Nele , Sillen Wouter , Gkorezis Panagiotis , Carleer Robert , Vangronsveld Jaco 
Published: January 2014

SummaryThe presence of explosives in soils and the interaction with drought stress and nutrient limitation are among the environmental factors that severely affect plant growth on military soils. In this study, we seek to isolate and identify the cultivable bacteria of a 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (DNT) contaminated soil (DS) and an adjacent grassland soil (GS) of a military training area aiming to isolate new plant growth‐promoting (PGP) and 2,4‐DNT‐degrading strains. Metabolic profiling revealed disturbances in Ecocarbon use in the bare DS; isolation of cultivable strains revealed a lower colony‐forming‐unit count and a less diverse community associated with DS in comparison with GS. New 2,4‐DNT‐tolerant strains were identified by selective enrichments, which were further characterized by auxanography for 2,4‐DNT use, resistance to drought stress, cold, nutrient starvation and PGP features. By selecting multiple beneficial PGP and abiotic stress‐resistant strains, efficient 2,4‐DNT‐degrading consortia were composed. After inoculation, consortium UHasselt Sofie 3 with seven members belonging to Burkholderia, Variovorax, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Ralstonia species was capable to successfully enhance root length of Arabidopsis under 2,4‐DNT stress. After 9 days, doubling of main root length was observed. Our results indicate that beneficial bacteria inhabiting a disturbed environment have the potential to improve plant growth and alleviate 2,4‐DNT stress.
The potential role of angiogenic factors in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Azizi Gholamreza , Boghozian Roobina , Mirshafiey Abbas 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAngiogenesis is an important phenomenon in the pathogenesis of some diseases, such as numerous types of tumors and autoimmunity, and also a number of soluble and cell‐bound factors may stimulate neovascularization in inflammatory reaction processes. Here, by highlighting the significance of angiogenesis reaction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we will mainly focus on the role of various growth factors, cytokines, enzymes, cells, hypoxic conditions and transcription factors in the angiogenic process and we will then explain some therapeutic strategies based on blockage of angiogenesis and modification of the vascular pathology in RA.