bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treating an error in another’s talk as laughable
Authors: Wagner Johannes , Wilkinson Ray 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this chapter we highlight a phenomenon evident in conversations involving second language (L2)
speakers or speakers with aphasia. Following the
production of certain errors by these “challenged” speakers, a co-participant not only corrects the error, but also
treats it as laughable. We analyse three practices
through which a co-participant treats the error as laughable: (1) an over-exposed other-correction; (2) a playful or teasing other-correction; and (3) a
post-other-correction laughing repeat of the error. Such sequences are notable since the co-participants are hearably
“laughing at” the errors of the challenged speakers. Typically in our data set the challenged speakers do not laugh
along. We discuss what makes these errors laughable and the possible interactional motivation for co-participants’
laughter in this context.
HF-MSCN: a high frequency-multiscale cascade network for bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Abduelhadi Alaeldden , Liang Haopeng , Cao Jie , Chen Peng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the field of data-driven fault diagnosis (FD), deep learning methods have proven their excellent performance, especially when dealing with complex signals from rotating equipment such as bearings. However, fault features in vibration signals are often mixed with noise features and distributed at different frequency scales, posing challenges for effective feature extraction. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a high frequency-multiscale cascade network (HF-MSCN), which enhances the noise suppression and feature learning capability of the model by combining a high-frequency convolutional block (HFCB) with a multi-scale cascade block (MSCB). HFCB effectively suppresses high-frequency noise through wide convolutional layers and self-attention mechanisms while still retaining essential high-frequency fault signals. MSCB enhances the interaction between convolutional layers at different scales by cascading the layers at different scales and strengthens the model’s ability to capture subtle fault features, especially when processing periodic fault pulse signals. Finally, we investigate the internal functioning of the network using time–frequency analysis methods in signal processing to improve the interpretability of deep learning methods in FD applications and further verify the enhanced effect of HFCB and MSCB on feature extraction. We validate the effectiveness of HF-MSCN on the case western reserve university dataset as well as a self-constructed bearing composite fault dataset, and the experimental results demonstrate that the network exceeds the performance of six state-of-the-art fault diagnostic methods in high-noise environments.
Nanosecond laser annealing processed surface-structured hyperdoped silicon for efficient near-infrared detection
Authors: Cheng Li , Lv Xiang , Ding Degong , Yang Lei , Yang Deren , Yu Xuegong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Surface-structured engineering of hyperdoped silicon can effectively facilitate the absorption of sub-bandgap photons in pristine single-crystal silicon (sc-Si). Here, we conducted different annealing approaches of ordinary thermal annealing (OTA) and nanosecond laser annealing (NLA) on modification of titanium-hyperdoped silicon (Si:Ti) surface structure, to achieve efficient near-infrared detection. It is presented that both OTA and NLA processes can improve the crystallinity of Si:Ti samples. In detail, atomic-resolved STEM characterization illustrates that NLA treatment will further eliminate the amorphous phase on Si:Ti surface to varying degrees. While one-dimensional periodic stacking fault structure of 9R-Si phase is formed at the surface of sc-Si and embedded in the Si matrix during the OTA process, which reveals the seamless interface of 9R-Si/sc-Si along with [1

1
¯

0] direction. Due to the high sub-bandgap light absorption and good crystal structure, the Si:Ti photodetector after NLA treatment with an energy density of 2.6 J cm−2 exhibited the highest responsivity, reaching 151 mA W−1 at 1550 nm even at a low operating voltage of 1 V. We assume the performance enhancement of NLA processed Si:Ti photodetectors can be attributed to two aspects, the one is NLA can reduce the recombination of photo-generated charge carriers in amorphous surface layer by improving crystallization, and the other is that NLA process can weaken the diffusion of titanium impurities due to the extremely rapid heating and cooling rates. This study presents prospects towards surface-structured silicon in infrared light detection.
Existence of traveling wave solutions for density-dependent diffusion competitive systems
Authors: Wang Yang , Lv Xuanyu , Liu Fan , Zhang Xiaoguang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper we are concerned with the existence of traveling wave solutions for two species competitive systems with density-dependent diffusion. Since the density-dependent diffusion is a kind of nonlinear diffusion and degenerates at the origin, the methods for proving the existence of traveling wave solutions for competitive systems with linear diffusion are invalid. To overcome the degeneracy of diffusion, we construct a nonlinear invariant region Ω near the origin. Then by using the method of phase plane analysis, we prove the existence of traveling wave solutions connecting the origin and the unique coexistence state, when the speed c is large than some positive value. In addition, when one species is density-dependent diffusive while the other is linear diffusive, via the change of variables and the central manifold theorem, we prove the existence of the minimal speed

c
∗

. And for

c
⩾

c
∗

, traveling wave solutions connecting the origin and the unique coexistence state still exist. In particular, when

c
=

c
∗

, we find that one component of the traveling wave solution is sharp type while the other component is smooth, which is a different phenomenon from linear diffusive systems and scalar equations.
Recompressing a freely-expanded ideal gas and violating the second law of thermodynamics
Authors: Reed B Cameron 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A textbook example involving recompression of a freely-expanded ideal gas which leads to a violation of the second law of thermodynamics is examined. While the example is fundamentally correct, it is somewhat incomplete in its consideration of restoring all of the elements of the system to their initial conditions. The situation is examined in more detail in this paper.
Relative profile measurements in 1.5T MR-linacs: investigation of central axis deviations
Authors: Episkopakis Anastasios , Margaroni Vasiliki , Karaiskos Pantelis , Koutsouveli Efi , Marinos Nikolas , Pappas Eleftherios P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective. In 1.5 T MR-linacs, the absorbed dose central axis (CAX) deviates from the beam’s CAX due to inherent profile asymmetry. In addition, a measured CAX deviation may be biased due to potential lateral (to the beam) effective point of measurement (

EPO

M

L

) shifts of the detector employed. By investigating CAX deviations, the scope of this study is to determine a set of

EPO

M

L

shifts for profile measurements in 1.5 T MR-linacs. Approach. The Semiflex 3D ion chamber and microDiamond detector (PTW, Germany) were considered in the experimental study while three more detectors were included in the Monte Carlo (MC) study. CAX deviations in the crossline and inline profiles were calculated based on inflection points of the 10×10 cm2 field, at five centers. In MC simulations, the experimental setup was reproduced. A small water voxel was simulated to calculate CAX deviation without the impact of the detector-specific

EPO

M

L

shift. Main results. All measurements were consistent among the five centers. MC-based and experimental measurements were in agreement within uncertainties. Placing the microDiamond in the vertical orientation does not appear to affect the detector’s

EPO

M

L

, which is on its central longitudinal axis. For the Semiflex 3D in the crossline direction, the CAX deviation was 2.3 mm, i.e. 1 mm larger than the ones measured using the microDiamond and simulated considering the ideal water detector. Thus, an

EPO

M

L

shift of 1 mm is recommended for crossline profile measurements under both Semiflex 3D orientations. For the inline profile, an

EPO

M

L

shift of −0.5 mm was determined only for the parallel configuration. In the MC study, CAX deviations were found detector- and orientation-dependent. The dead volume is responsible for the

EPO

M

L

shift only in the inline profile and under the parallel orientation. Significance. This work contributes to data availability on the correction or mitigation of the magnetic field-induced changes in the detectors’ response.
A novel dual-gate negative capacitance TFET for highly sensitive label free biosensing
Authors: Maurya Ravindra Kumar , Debnath Radhe Gobinda , Yadav Ajeet Kumar , Bhowmick Brinda 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The negative capacitance (NC) tunnel FET (NCTFET) emerges as a viable choice for the development of highly sensitive biosensors. A dual-gate (DG) structure and n+ doped pocket within the NCTFET is introduced in this study to boost biosensor performance and sensitivity. This research offers a comprehensive and comparative analysis of two biosensor designs: the DG-NCTFET and the n+ pocket-doped DG-NCTFET. Both biosensors feature nanogaps on either side of the fixed dielectric, augmenting their biomolecule capture areas. Sensitivity assessments are conducted considering charged and neutral biomolecules with a range of dielectric constants (k). The n+ pocket DG-NCTFET exhibits an I
ON sensitivity roughly 20 times greater than that of the sensor without a pocket (3.5 × 106 for n+ pocket DG-NCTFET and 1.8 × 105 for DG-NCTFET), primarily because it conducts current in both vertical and lateral directions. Furthermore, for fully filled nanocavity with neutral biomolecules, the maximum I
ON/I
OFF sensitivities attained are 1.2 × 105 and 2.8 × 104 for the n+ pocket DG-NCTFET and conventional DG-NCTFET, respectively. Moreover, this research delves into the impact of steric hindrance and the irregular placement of probes, aiming to grasp the non-ideal traits exhibited by the sensors. Significantly, sensitivity experiences a minimal increase of approximately 6%–11% when the fill factor escalates from 40% to 66%. In order to set a standard of comparison, the proposed biosensors are benchmarked against existing literature in terms of sensitivity, affirming their efficacy. The findings indicate that the proposed biosensors represent a promising alternative for detecting a wide range of both charged and neutral biomolecules.
Dual-mode flexible sensor based on magnetic film for wearable smart finger sleeve
Authors: Lin Guoheng , Weng Ling , Zhang Hui , Li Zhuolin , Hu Boyang , Meng Kai , Jiang Shengwang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Flexible tactile sensors are an important branch of wearable devices and have received extensive attention in areas such as human–computer interaction and health detection. However, some existing flexible wearable devices have the limitation of single detection quantity, so it is particularly important to study a multi-mode flexible tactile sensor. We designed a dual-mode tactile sensor with high sensitivity and wide measurement range. The sensor consists of a magnetic film in the top layer, a silicone elastomer in the middle layer, and a tunneling magnetoresistive element in the bottom layer. The experimental results show that the haptic sensor is capable of measuring static forces in the range of 0.05–18 N, and the sensitivity of the sensor to static forces increases and then decreases as the applied force increases. The maximum sensitivity was 396.4 mV N−1 in the range of 9–10 N. The tactile sensor was able to measure bending angle in the range of 1–60°. The bending angle sensitivity decreases as the applied bending angle increases, with a maximum sensitivity of 308.7 mV per 5° in the 0–5° range. The sensor has good dynamic performance, and after 1000 cyclic loading tests, the output voltage did not show any significant decrease, and the sensor response time and recovery time were 44 ms and 46 ms, respectively. This study lays a foundation for further research and development of various wearable devices and electronic skins.
Tunable stiffness Kirigami gripper based on shape memory polymer and supercoiled polymer artificial muscle for multi-mode grasping
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Peng , Liu Jia , Fu Yili , Shen Yang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this article, a tunable stiffness soft gripper based on Kirigami structure and shape memory polymer (SMP) is proposed. The Kirigami gripper uses SMP as variable stiffness element and employs Nichrome heating wires laid inside the gripper as heating element. Due to the segmented layout of the heating wires, the gripper possesses segmented stiffness modulation capability. As a result, programmable deformation trajectories are achieved, enabling multi-mode grasping functionality by adjusting its bending shape to accommodate different object contours. Using the thermally activated supercoiled polymer artificial muscle as the actuator, the gripper can achieve a silent and pumpless actuation and whole robotic system can be compact. The gripper mainly offers three different grasping modes—pinching, wrapping and hooking, to meet the requirements of complex tasks. Experimental results show that the Kirigami gripper can achieve a 13 times stiffness variation within 16 s, and each Kirigami gripper with different heating patterns exhibits different trajectories during the deformation process, capable of adapting and locking its shape to objects with different contours during grasping.
Generation and edge-state transitions of pseudohelical edge state based on side potentials in graphene
Authors: Lü Xiao-Long , Liu Jun-Feng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Pseudohelical edge state (PHES) was proposed based on a staggered spin–orbit coupling (SOC) uniformly applied on graphene. In this work, we investigate the formation of the PHES and its edge-state transitions by the side potentials composed of a uniform SOC, an antiferromagnetic exchange field and a staggered electric field that are applied on the boundaries in zigzag graphene nanoribbon. The results reveal that the PHESs can also be achieved by the side potential of the antisymmetric uniform spin–orbit coupling, which is attributed to the fact that the opposite (same) sign of energies at the valleys

K

and

K
′

indicates the presence (absence) of the edge state. Based on this modulated mechanism, the PHES can be further transformed into two different types of the PHESs, spin-polarized antichiral edge states (AESs) and one-sided spin-polarized AESs, by modulating the applied direction and location of the side potentials. More strikingly, by utilizing these edge-state transitions, we propose a spin dual-channel or single-channel field-effect transistor that can be operated by a staggered electric field. Moreover, we confirm that the proposed transistor is robust against disorders, with the assistance of calculating the transmission.
Optical and electrical analysis of Rhodamine 110 chloride/PVA-PEG for smart and flexible optical sensor technology
Authors: Mohammed Mervat Ismail , Yahia Ibrahim S , Zahran H Y , Ganesh V , Zyoud Samer H , Shahwan Moyad , Abdel-wahab Mohamed Sh , Daher Malek G , Altarifi Saleh M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Polyethylene glycol (PEG) (90:10 wt%) polymeric nanocomposite films were prepared via a simple casting technique with Rhodamine 110 chloride (Rh-110) dye for optoelectronics with various weight ratio percentages (0, 0.06, 0.1,0.2, 0.4, 0.6 1.25, 2 and 4.0 wt%) of Rh-110 doped PVA/PEG polymeric blend composite films. The produced films have been studied with instruments like (XRD and FT-IR) spectroscopic methods, UV-visible-NIR spectrophotometer, and dielectric spectroscopy. The absorbance (Abs) and transmittance T(λ) were measured and analyzed. Absorption spectra in multiple bands are generated between 215 and 620 nm when Rh-110 is added to the PVA-PEG matrix, according to the examination of transmittance curves of Rh-110 /PVA-PEG. Rh-110/PVA-PEG has a transmittance CUT-OFF in the 200–550 nm wavelength range, making it ideal for He–Ne lasers with wavelengths of 532.8 nm. The optical properties of the Rh-110/PVA-PEG polymeric composite films were computed. Moss, Reddy, Anani, and Kumar-Singh relationships have been employed to determine the refractive index values of the materials. Analyses were performed on various electrical properties, including AC conductivity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss. As a result, the synthesized Rh-110/PVA-PEG polymeric films may be used in various promising and practical optoelectronic applications, including lasers, optical filters, optical communication, light-emitting diodes, and optical switching.
Sufficient conditions on the continuous spectrum for ergodic Schrödinger operators
Authors: Silva Barbosa Pablo Blas Tupac , Álvarez Bilbao Rafael José 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We investigate the spectral types of families of discrete one-dimensional Schrödinger operators

{

H

ω

}

ω
∈
Ω

, where each H

ω
has a potential function V

ω
(n) = f(T

n

ω) for

n
∈
Z

, T is an ergodic homeomorphism on a compact space Ω and

f
:
Ω
→
R

is a continuous function. The main analytical tool of the paper is Gordon’s lemma, of which we provide a complete proof. We demonstrate that a generic operator

H

ω

∈

{

H

ω

}

ω
∈
Ω

has purely continuous spectrum if

{

T

n

α
}

n
≥
0

is dense in Ω for a certain α ∈ Ω. Furthermore, we extend this result to the case where {Ω, T} satisfies topological repetition property, a concept introduced by Boshernitzan and Damanik (2008, [1]). Theorems presented in this paper weaken the hypotheses of previous research and enable us to reach the same conclusion as those authors. Our paper presents a comprehensive study of the topological and metric repetition properties, highlighting their binding role between the theory of dynamical systems and spectral theory. We also discuss the implications of these properties on the qualitative description of specific physical systems.
Adaptive fixed-time difference synchronization for different classes of chaotic dynamical systems
Authors: Shukla Vijay K , Joshi Mahesh C , Mishra Prashant K , Xu Changjin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article examines adaptive fixed-time difference synchronization for various classes of chaotic dynamical systems. The adaptive fixed-time control technique has been used in this article to investigate the difference synchronization for the Sprott chaotic system, both with and without delay. The fixed settling time (T) has been estimated successfully. It is also shown that the trajectories of error states approach to the origin within a fixed time (T). The theoretical analysis is validated by simulating Sprott chaotic systems both with and without delay. On the other hand, various nonlinear chaotic systems are explored for difference synchronization in discrete chaotic systems. Several chaotic maps, including Tinkerbell, Henon, and Hitzl-Zele, have been used to achieve synchronization in these discrete systems. The numerical results are presented graphically, verifying the theoretical outcomes of difference synchronization for various classes of chaotic dynamical systems.
Iron nanoparticles supported on graphene nanosheets by pulsed laser ablation method in deionized water
Authors: Motallebi Aghkonbad Ehsan , Jafari Akbar , Motallebi Aghgonbad Maryam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, pulsed laser ablation process (PLA) in deionized water solution was used to prepare graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, wustite (FeO) nanoparticles and GO based FeO nanoparticles. The effect of composition ratio of materials on their optical properties was studied. The structural properties of the materials were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. According to the TEM results, FeO nanoparticles were well deposited on GO nanosheets. The XRD results demonstrated the formation of Fe and wustite (FeO) phase of iron oxide nanoparticles. In the XRD analysis of graphene sample, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets were identified. The absorption measurement of the samples in colloidal state was performed using a UV–vis single beam spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 250 to 800 nm. The higher and the lower absorbance belonged to 1.4 ml GO − 0.6 ml FeO composition and GO nanosheets, respectively. The linear optical properties of the samples, including the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function, refractive index, extinction coefficient and absorption coefficient were calculated using the spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) method. Leng oscillator was used as the optical model in SE method. Also, the energy band gap of the samples was calculated using Tauc relation, in which the lower and the higher energy band gaps were obtained for GO nanosheets (3.40 eV) and FeO nanoparticles (4.65 eV), respectively. Furthermore, the nonlinear optical properties of GO based FeO nanoparticles were investigated by Z-scan measurement. The nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient were obtained in the order of 10−8 cm2 W−1 and 10–4 cm W−1, respectively.
Exact wave solutions of truncated M-fractional Boussinesq-Burgers system via an effective method
Authors: Junjua Moin-ud-Din , Altaf Shazia , Alderremy A A , Mahmoud Emad E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present distinct types of exact wave soliton solutions of an important fluid flow dynamic system called the truncated M-fractional (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear Boussinesq-Burgers system (BBS). This model is used to explain ocean waves, matter-wave pulses, waves in ferromagnetic media, the proliferation of waves in shallow water, etc. We transform the nonlinear fractional system into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation by using a fractional transformation to obtain dark, bright, singular, dark-bright, dark-singular, bright-singular and periodic type solitons solutions by employing the modified extended tanh function method (METhFM). The use of fractional derivatives makes the solutions different from the existing solutions. The obtained results are useful in the optical fibers, fluid dynamics, ocean engineering and other related fields. To visualize the system’s behavior, some of the solutions are represented by two- and three-dimensional graphs which are obtained and verified with the help of Mathematica. The achieved results provide a better understanding of the behavior of the nonlinear fractional partial differential equations and the dynamics of BBS, which are not present in the literature and are helpful in future studies of the concerned system.