bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of changing criteria on improving interRAI assessment for elder abuse: analysis of a national dataset from Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Turner Robin , Glue Paul , Barak Yoram 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesGlobally, one in six older adults in the community will be a victim of abuse (elder abuse; EA). Despite these horrific statistics, EA remains largely undetected and under-reported. Available screening methods and tools fail to accurately identify the phenomenon’s true prevalence. We aimed to test assessment capture rates by altering the criteria for suspicion of EA in the interRAI-HC (International Resident Assessment Instrument–Home Care) in a large national dataset.DesignWe employed secondary analyses of existing data to test a methodology to improve the detection of older adults at risk of EA using the interRAI-HC, which currently underestimates the extent of abuse.SettingThe interRAI is a suite of clinical assessment instruments. In Aotearoa New Zealand, interRAI is mandatory in aged residential care and home and community services for older people living in the community. They are designed to show the assessor opportunities for improvement and any risks to the person’s health.Outcome measureCapture rates of individuals at risk of EA when the interRAI Abuse-Clinical Assessment Protocol (A-CAP) is changed to include the unable to determine abuse (UDA) group shown in a pilot study to increase capture rates of individuals at risk of EA.ResultsAnalysis of 9 years of interRAI-HC data (July 2013–June 2022) was undertaken, encompassing 186 713 individual assessments consisting of 108 992 women (58.4%) and 77 469 men (41.5%). The mean age was 82.1 years (range: 65–109); the majority 161 378 were European New Zealanders (86.4%) and the most common minority ethnicity was Māori (6.1%). Those at high risk of abuse (A-CAP) tended to be male (2402; 51.0%), were 79.2 years old on average (range 65–105), with 49.6% (2335) living alone, 39.4% (1858) suffering from depression and a majority were assessed as not having independent decision making (2942; 62.5%). In comparison, the UDA group showed similar characteristics to the A-CAP group on some measures. They were slightly younger than the general sample, with a mean age 80.1 years (range 65–107), they had higher rates of depression (2123; 33.5%) compared with the general sample (25 936; 14.8%) and a majority were assessed as not having independent decision-making (3855; 60.9%). The UDA group is distinct from the general sample and the UDA group broadly has similar but less extreme characteristics to the A-CAP group. Through altering the criteria for suspicion of EA, capture rates of at-risk individuals could be more than doubled from 2.5% to 5.9%.ConclusionsWe propose that via adapting the interRAI-HC criteria to include the UDA category, the identification of older adults at risk of EA could be substantially improved, facilitating enhanced protection of this vulnerable population.
Rectal versus vaginal progesterone administration for luteal phase support in the hormone replacement therapy frozen embryo transfer (HRT-FET) cycle: protocol for a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial
Authors: Alsbjerg Birgit , Humaidan Peter 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThis study compares rectal administration with vaginal administration of progesterone as luteal phase support in hormone replacement therapy frozen embryo transfer (HRT-FET) cycles. The reason for comparing the two routes of administration is that rectal administration has been suggested to be more patient friendly.Methods and analysisThis study is a randomised controlled trial comparing the ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR) at week 12 in HRT-FET cycles after rectal administered progesterone as the only administered progesterone compared with a vaginal luteal phase support regimen. All patients are enrolled from a Danish public fertility clinic and randomised to one of two groups, with 305 patients receiving embryo transfer assigned to each group. Endometrial preparation includes 6 mg oestradiol daily. The intervention group receives rectally administered progesterone (400 mg/12 hours) and the control group receives vaginally administered progesterone (400 mg/12 hours). If P4 is <35 nmol/L on blastocyst transfer day an additional rectal luteal phase rescue regimen is started (control group). Thawing and transferring of a single autologous vitrified blastocyst is scheduled on the sixth day of progesterone administration in both groups. The power calculation is based on a non-inferiority analysis with an expected OPR in both groups of 44% and the upper limit of a one-sided 95% CI will exclude a difference in favour of the control group of more than 10.0%. An interim analysis will be conducted once half of the study population has been enrolled.Ethics and disseminationThe trial was approved on 21 November 2023 by the Danish National Ethical Committee and the Danish Medicines Agency and is authorised by the Clinical Trials Information System (EUCT number 2023-504616-15-02). All patients will provide informed consent before being enrolled in the study. The results will be published in an international journal.Trial registration numberEUCT number: 2023-504616-15-02.
Predictive value of the dynamics of absolute lymphocyte counts for 90-day mortality in ICU sepsis patients: a retrospective big data study
Authors: Chen Daonan , Zhou Kun , Tian Rui , Wang Ruilan , Zhou Zhigang 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to assess the clinical predictive value of the dynamics of absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) for 90-day all-cause mortality in sepsis patients in intensive care unit (ICU).DesignRetrospective cohort study using big data.SettingThis study was conducted using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database V.2.0 database.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality.ParticipantsPatients were included if they were diagnosed with sepsis on the first day of ICU admission. Exclusion criteria were ICU stay under 24 hours; the absence of lymphocyte count on the first day; extremely high lymphocyte count (>10×109/L); history of haematolymphatic tumours, bone marrow or solid organ transplants; survival time under 72 hours and previous ICU admissions. The analysis ultimately included 17 329 sepsis patients.ResultsThe ALC in the non-survivors group was lower on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after admission (p<0.001). The ALC on day 7 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value for predicting 90-day mortality. The cut-off value of ALC on day 7 was 1.0×109/L. In the restricted cubic spline plot, after multivariate adjustments, patients with higher lymphocyte counts had a better prognosis. After correction, in the subgroups with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score ≥6 or age ≥60 years, ALC on day 7 had the lowest HR value (0.79 and 0.81, respectively). On the training and testing set, adding the ALC on day 7 improved all prediction models’ AUC and average precision values.ConclusionsDynamic changes of ALC are closely associated with 90-day all-cause mortality in sepsis patients. Furthermore, the ALC on day 7 after admission is a better independent predictor of 90-day mortality in sepsis patients, especially in severely ill or young sepsis patients.
Detecting element migration from ore systems: an LA-ICP-MS method for the
in situ
measurement of element contents and
207
Pb/
206
Pb values on rough fracture coatings
Authors: Pilsworth Collette , Layton-Matthews Daniel , Leybourne Matthew I. , Voinot Alexandre , Chipley Donald 
Published: July 2024

In situ
elemental content and
207
Pb/
206
Pb values in three rough fracture coatings within drill cores from the McArthur River unconformity-related uranium deposit, Athabasca Basin, Canada, were measured using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) image mapping. Fracture-coating samples were located proximal and distal to the ore deposit. Samples required minimal preparation in this method, with areas (
c
. 500 × 500

μ

m) targeted in a cell-spaced grid pattern using a 50

μ

m spot, spaced 200

μ

m on the
x
-axis with an offset of 100

μ

m on the
y
-axis, to overcome sample surface topography. A 5 s acquisition time was applied to elemental content measurements and a 2 s acquisition time was applied to
207
Pb/
206
Pb measurements. These parameters increased the spatial resolution and analytical sensitivity and minimized the contribution of the host rock underlying the fracture surface to the geochemical signal in comparison to extended acquisition times. In addition, laser ablation temporal profiles allow for the interpretation of the timing of element/isotope migration and fixation on the rough fracture coating.

Rasterized maps generated in Iolite™ v.4 demonstrate the chemical distribution of elements and
207
Pb/
206
Pb values on the rough fracture coatings, allowing for the identification of mineral phases hosting pathfinder elements, pathfinder element associations and the generation of bulk
in situ
or specific mineralogy geochemical values. Bulk
in situ
values calculated using an integration of the 2D image data and targeting the
c
. 500 × 500

μ

m surface of the fracture coating compared to previous bulk geochemical methods obtained by sampling the fracture coating with a microdrill (i.e. modified aqua regia (HCl: HNO
3
: H
2
O) and weak acid leach (2% HNO
3
)) highlights that
in situ
analysis greatly improved detection of pathfinder elements on the fracture surface. This study is the first application of
in situ
LA-ICP-MS for measuring element contents and
207
Pb/
206
Pb values on rough fracture coatings and demonstrates its importance as a new geochemical tool to the mining industry for future mineral exploration.
Insufficient Plasma Melatonin and Its Association With Neuropsychiatric Impairments in Patients With T2DM
Authors: He Shuai , Yu Yue , Chen Peng-quan , Sun Hui-min , Gao Xin-ran , Sun Huai-zhi , Ge Jin-fang 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with multiple neuropsychiatric impairments, including cognitive dysfunction, and melatonin (MLT) plays a crucial role in maintaining normal neuropsychiatric functions. This study is aimed at investigating the change in plasma MLT levels and its association with neuropsychiatric impairments in T2DM patients.Methods: One hundred twenty‐six T2DM patients were recruited, and their demographics and clinical data were collected. Apart from the plasma glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and other routine metabolic indicators, the plasma concentrations of MLT, C‐reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin 6 (IL‐6), soluble myeloid triggered receptor 1 (sTREM 1), and receptor 2 (sTREM 2) were measured. Moreover, the executive function and depressive tendency were evaluated via the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function‐Adult Version (BRIEF‐A) and the Epidemiological Research Center Depression Scale (CES‐D), respectively.Result: Compared with the low HbA1c group, the T2DM patients in the high HbA1c group presented lower plasma MLT levels but higher plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarker levels, together with higher scores in the BRIEF‐A and CES‐D scales. Moreover, results of the Pearson correlation test showed that the plasma MLT levels were negatively correlated with the BRIEF‐A and CES‐D scores, as well as plasma concentrations of HbA1c and inflammatory indications, indicating that MLT may mediate their neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric impairments. Furthermore, the ROC curve results indicated that plasma MLT levels have a predictive effect on executive impairment and depressive status in T2DM patients.Conclusion: MLT levels decreased in patients with T2DM and were associated with neuropsychiatric impairments and inflammatory status, and MLT might be developed as a therapeutic agent and predictive indicator for T2DM‐associated executive impairment and depression status.
E-Cadherin Induces Serine Synthesis to Support Progression and Metastasis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Lee Geonhui , Wong Claudia , Cho Anna , West Junior J. , Crawford Ashleigh J. , Russo Gabriella C. , Si Bishwa R. , Kim Jungwoo , Hoffner Lauren , Jang Cholsoon , Jung Moonjung , Leone Robert D. , Konstantopoulos Konstantinos , Ewald Andrew J. , Wirtz Denis , Jeong Sangmoo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The loss of E-cadherin, an epithelial cell adhesion molecule, has been implicated in metastasis by mediating the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which promotes invasion and migration of cancer cells. However, recent studies have demonstrated that E-cadherin supports the survival and proliferation of metastatic cancer cells. Here, we identified a metabolic role for E-cadherin in breast cancer by upregulating the de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP). The upregulated SSP provided metabolic precursors for biosynthesis and resistance to oxidative stress, enabling E-cadherin+ breast cancer cells to achieve faster tumor growth and enhanced metastases. Inhibition of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the SSP, significantly and specifically hampered proliferation of E-cadherin+ breast cancer cells and rendered them vulnerable to oxidative stress, inhibiting their metastatic potential. These findings reveal that E-cadherin reprograms cellular metabolism, promoting tumor growth and metastasis of breast cancers.
Significance: E-Cadherin promotes the progression and metastasis of breast cancer by upregulating the de novo serine synthesis pathway, offering promising targets for inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis in E-cadherin–expressing tumors.
Single-Cell View of Tumor Microenvironment Gradients in Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Giotti Bruno , Dolasia Komal , Zhao William , Cai Peiwen , Sweeney Robert , Merritt Elliot , Kiner Evgeny , Kim Grace S. , Bhagwat Atharva , Nguyen Thinh , Hegde Samarth , Fitzgerald Bailey G. , Shroff Sanjana , Dawson Travis , Garcia-Barros Monica , Abdul-Ghafar Jamshid , Chen Rachel , Gnjatic Sacha , Soto Alan , Brody Rachel , Kim-Schulze Seunghee , Chen Zhihong , Beaumont Kristin G. , Merad Miriam , Flores Raja M. , Sebra Robert P. , Horowitz Amir , Marron Thomas U. , Tocheva Anna , Wolf Andrea , Tsankov Alexander M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Immunotherapies have shown great promise in pleural mesothelioma (PM), yet most patients still do not achieve significant clinical response, highlighting the importance of improving the understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we utilized high-throughput, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to de novo identify 54 expression programs and construct a comprehensive cellular catalog of the PM TME. We found four cancer-intrinsic programs associated with poor disease outcome and a novel fetal-like, endothelial cell population that likely responds to VEGF signaling and promotes angiogenesis. Across cellular compartments, we observe substantial difference in the TME associated with a cancer-intrinsic sarcomatoid signature, including enrichment in fetal-like endothelial cells, CXCL9+ macrophages, and cytotoxic, exhausted, and regulatory T cells, which we validated using imaging and bulk deconvolution analyses on independent cohorts. Finally, we show, both computationally and experimentally, that NKG2A:HLA-E interaction between NK and tumor cells represents an important new therapeutic axis in PM, especially for epithelioid cases.
Significance: This manuscript presents the first single-cell RNA sequencing atlas of PM tumor microenvironment. Findings of translational relevance, validated experimentally and using independent bulk cohorts, include identification of gene programs predictive of survival, a fetal-like endothelial cell population, and NKG2A blockade as a promising new immunotherapeutic intervention in PM.
Days Alive and Out of Hospital as an Outcome Measure in Patients Receiving Hyperacute Stroke Intervention
Authors: Donnelly Joseph , Hong Jae Beom , Boyle Luke , Yong Vivien TY , Diprose William K. , Meyer Juliette , Campbell Douglas , Barber P. Alan 
Published: July 2024

Background
Patient outcome after stroke is frequently assessed with clinical scales such as the modified Rankin Scale score (mRS). Days alive and out of hospital at 90 days (DAOH‐90), which measures survival, time spent in hospital or rehabilitation settings, readmission and institutionalization, is an objective outcome measure that can be obtained from large administrative data sets without the need for patient contact. We aimed to assess the comparability of DAOH with mRS and its relationship with other prognostic variables after acute stroke reperfusion therapy.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients with ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy were analyzed. DAOH‐90 was calculated from a national minimum data set, a mandatory nationwide administrative database. mRS score at day 90 (mRS‐90) was assessed with in‐person or telephone interviews. The study included 1278 patients with ischemic stroke (714 male, median age 70 [59–79], median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 14 [9–20]). Median DAOH‐90 was 71 [29–84] and median mRS‐90 score was 3 [2–5]. DAOH‐90 was correlated with admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (Spearman rho −0.44,
P
<0.001) and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT [Computed Tomography] Score (Spearman rho 0.24,
P
<0.001). There was a strong association between mRS‐90 and DAOH‐90 (Spearman rho correlation −0.79,
P
<0.001). Area under receiver operating curve for predicting mRS score >0 was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.84–0.88), mRS score >1 was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.86–0.90) and mRS score >2 was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.89–0.92).

Conclusions
In patients with stroke treated with reperfusion therapies, DAOH‐90 shows reasonable comparability to the more established outcome measure of mRS‐90. DAOH‐90 can be readily obtained from administrative databases and therefore has the potential to be used in large‐scale clinical trials and comparative effectiveness studies.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Improves Endothelial Nitric Oxide Bioavailability Via Changes in Protein Expression During Inflammation
Authors: Sherratt Samuel C. R. , Libby Peter , Dawoud Hazem , Bhatt Deepak L. , Mason R. Preston 
Published: July 2024

Background
Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction involves reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability due to NO synthase uncoupling linked to increased oxidation and reduced cofactor availability. Loss of endothelial function and NO bioavailability are associated with inflammation, including leukocyte activation. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) administered as icosapent ethyl reduced cardiovascular events in REDUCE‐IT (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl–Intervention Trial) in relation to on‐treatment EPA blood levels. The mechanisms of cardiovascular protection for EPA remain incompletely elucidated but likely involve direct effects on the endothelium.

Methods and Results

In this study, human ECs were treated with EPA and challenged with the cytokine IL‐6 (interleukin‐6). Proinflammatory responses in the ECs were confirmed by ELISA capture of sICAM‐1 (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1) and TNF‐α (tumor necrosis factor‐α). Global protein expression was determined using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry tandem mass tag. Release kinetics of NO and peroxynitrite were monitored using porphyrinic nanosensors. IL‐6 challenge induced proinflammatory responses from the ECs as evidenced by increased release of sICAM‐1 and TNF‐α, which correlated with a loss of NO bioavailability. ECs pretreated with EPA modulated expression of 327 proteins by >1‐fold (
P
<0.05), compared with IL‐6 alone. EPA augmented expression of proteins involved in NO production, including heme oxygenase‐1 and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase‐1, and 34 proteins annotated as associated with neutrophil degranulation. EPA reversed the endothelial NO synthase uncoupling induced by IL‐6 as evidenced by an increased [NO]/[peroxynitrite] release ratio (
P
<0.05).

Conclusions
These direct actions of EPA on EC functions during inflammation may contribute to its distinct cardiovascular benefits.
An anesthetic protocol for preserving functional network structure in the marmoset monkey brain
Authors: Ortiz-Rios Michael , Sirmpilatze Nikoloz , König Jessica , Boreitus Susann 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Initiatives towards acquiring large-scale neuroimaging data in non-human primates promise improving translational neuroscience and cross-species comparisons. Crucial among these efforts is the need to expand sample sizes while reducing the impact of anesthesia on the functional properties of brain networks. Yet, the effects of anesthesia on non-human primate brain networks remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 9.4 tesla that isoflurane anesthesia induces a variety of brain states in the marmoset brain with dramatically altered functional connectivity profiles. As an alternative, we recommend using a continuous infusion of the sedative medetomidine, supplemented with a low concentration of isoflurane. Using this protocol in eight marmosets, we observed robust visual activation during flickering light stimulation and identified resting-state networks similar to the awake state. In contrast, isoflurane alone led to a suppressed visual activation and the absence of awake-like network patterns. Comparing states using a graph-theoretical approach, we confirmed that the structure of functional networks is preserved under our proposed anesthesia protocol but is lost using isoflurane alone at concentration levels greater than 1%. We believe that the widespread adoption of this protocol will be a step towards advancing translational neuroscience initiatives in non-human primate neuroimaging. To promote the collaborative use of neuroimaging resources, we openly share our datasets (https://zenodo.org/records/11118775).
Effect of dynamic exclusion and the use of FAIMS, DIA and MALDI-mass spectrometry imaging with ion mobility on amyloid protein identification
Authors: Aguilan Jennifer T. , Lim Jihyeon , Racine-Brzostek Sabrina , Fischer Joshua , Silvescu Cristina , Cornett Shannon , Nieves Edward , Mendu Damodara Rao , Aliste Carlos-Madrid , Semple Stacia , Angeletti Ruth , Weiss Louis M. , Cole Adam , Prystowsky Michael , Pullman James , Sidoli Simone 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmyloidosis is a disease characterized by local and systemic extracellular deposition of amyloid protein fibrils where its excessive accumulation in tissues and resistance to degradation can lead to organ failure. Diagnosis is challenging because of approximately 36 different amyloid protein subtypes. Imaging methods like immunohistochemistry and the use of Congo red staining of amyloid proteins for laser capture microdissection combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LMD/LC–MS/MS) are two diagnostic methods currently used depending on the expertise of the pathology laboratory. Here, we demonstrate a streamlined in situ amyloid peptide spatial mapping by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MALDI-MSI) combined with Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry for potential transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis subtyping. While we utilized the standard LMD/LC–MS/MS workflow for amyloid subtyping of 31 specimens from different organs, we also evaluated the potential introduction in the MS workflow variations in data acquisition parameters like dynamic exclusion, or testing Data Dependent Acquisition combined with High-Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry (DDA FAIMS) versus Data Independent Acquisition (DIA) for enhanced amyloid protein identification at shorter acquisition times. We also demonstrate the use of Mascot’s Error Tolerant Search and PEAKS de novo sequencing for the sequence variant analysis of amyloidosis specimens.