bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peran Konselor dalam Memberikan Pemahaman Pubertas Melalui Layanan Orientasi di SMPN 02 Kota Jambi
Authors: Rahmayanty Dinny , Aisah Siti , Artita Exsa , Afriyani Windi 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this service is so that every student is able to have an understanding regarding puberty and can benefit from the material that has been introduced through orientation services. Methodology: The achievements of this activity are reports and documentation of the implementation of orientation services dedicated to the Faculty of Teaching and Education, University of Jambi.
Findings: This devotional article discusses the role of counselors through orientation services in providing an understanding of puberty to SMPN 02 Jambi City students. This is done because there are many teenagers who do not understand the developments that occur in the body during puberty and PLK-PLS Guidance and Counseling students at PKBI Jambi Region are moved to carry out these activities. As that student guidance and counseling out the duties of a counselor at school. With orientation services, it is hoped that students’ understanding of puberty will be created.
Training on the Use of AI Tools to Support High School/Vocational High School Education in Jakarta
Authors: S.Pd., MT Herianto , Setiyaningsih Timor , Nur Afifah Linda 
Published: February 2025

The numerous facets of education have been significantly transformed by artificial intelligence (AI) technology. It is currently in widespread use to improve the efficiency of learning, provide personalized learning experiences, and assist instructors in managing administrative responsibilities. In addition to its advantages, the integration of AI into education also poses obstacles, including ethical concerns, excessive dependence on technology, and doubts about the validity of learning outcomes. The objective of this community service activity is to investigate the potential benefits and drawbacks of AI applications in education, as well as to offer suggestions for their effective implementation. Educators can employ AI more responsibly and effectively by comprehending both the advantages and obstacles. The training is administered online to ensure that a diverse audience, including high school and vocational school teachers in Jakarta, has access to the material. It commences with a pre-test to assess the initial comprehension of AI tools among participants. A post-test is administered at the conclusion of the session to assess the extent to which the knowledge has been enhanced as a result of the training
Effects of Khat on the Brain in Male and Female Mice
Authors: Dugul Tesfaye Tolessa , Leminie Abebaye Aragaw , Eshetu Eyasu Makonnen 
Published: February 2025

Background: Substance use and related disorders are becoming public health concerns globally. Catha edulis, commonly called khat, is a psychostimulant plant chewed by East African people and its anxiety-like effect has not been investigated experimentally in animal models. Although the results are inconsistent, the peripheral lipid peroxidation effect of khat is investigated. However, its brain lipid peroxidation effect represented by an increase in the malondialdehyde level has not been investigated. The increase in the MDA level could be associated with a khat-induced increase in the generation of free radicals and oxidation of lipids. These are the main problems driving this study. The aim of this study is, therefore, to investigate the anxiety-like and prefrontal cortex (PFC) lipid peroxidation effects of khat in animal models of both sexes.
Methods: A total of 40 white albino mice in 4 groups (n= 10 / group, 5 males, and 5 females/group) aged between 7 and 8 weeks were used. They were administered with khat extract (Ke) 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg b.w, and 2% tween 80 in distilled water (T80W-v/v) for thirteen weeks. The anxiety-like behaviors and PFC malondialdehyde (MDA) level were measured using elevated plus maze and spectrophotometry, respectively. One-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and independent t-tests were used. P-value 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Ke 100 mg/kg (p < 0.05), Ke 200 mg/kg (p < 0.01), and Ke 300 mg/kg (p < 0.01) reduced open arm entry. Ke 100 mg/kg (p < 0.01), Ke 200 mg/kg (p < 0.01), and 300 mg/kg (p < 0. 01) also reduced open arm duration. Ke 200 mg/kg (p<0.01) and Ke 300 mg/kg (p<0.001) increased the right PFC MDA level while the MDA in the left PFC was increased by the higher dose of the extract (300 mg/kg).
Conclusions: Catha edulis showed anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze paradigm and increased prefrontal cortex malondialdehyde level. Further studies are needed on the prefrontal cortex neurochemicals effects of this extract.
Epidemiology of Opioid Prescribing After Discharge From Surgical Procedures Among Adults
Authors: Alessio-Bilowus Dominic , Chua Kao-Ping , Peahl Alex , Brummett Chad M. , Gunaseelan Vidhya , Bicket Mark C. , Waljee Jennifer F. 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceOpioid medications are commonly prescribed for the management of acute postoperative pain. In light of increasing awareness of the potential risks of opioid prescribing, data are needed to define the procedures and populations for which most opioid prescribing occurs.ObjectiveTo identify the surgical procedures accounting for the highest proportion of opioids dispensed to adults after surgery in the United States.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional analysis of the 2020-2021 Merative MarketScan Commercial and Multi-State Databases, which capture medical and pharmacy claims for 23 million and 14 million annual privately insured patients and Medicaid beneficiaries, respectively, included surgical procedures for individuals aged 18 to 64 years with a discharge date between December 1, 2020, and November 30, 2021. Procedures were identified using a novel crosswalk between 3664 Current Procedural Terminology codes and 1082 procedure types. Data analysis was conducted from November to December 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe total amount of opioids dispensed within 3 days of discharge from surgery across all procedures in the sample, as measured in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs), was calculated. The primary outcome was the proportion of total MMEs attributable to each procedure type, calculated separately among procedures for individuals aged 18 to 44 years and those aged 45 to 64 years.ResultsAmong 1 040 934 surgical procedures performed (mean [SD] age of patients, 45.5 [13.3] years; 663 609 [63.7%] female patients), 457 016 (43.9%) occurred among individuals aged 18 to 44 years and 583 918 (56.1%) among individuals aged 45 to 64 years. Opioid prescriptions were dispensed for 503 058 procedures (48.3%). Among individuals aged 18 to 44 years, cesarean delivery accounted for the highest proportion of total MMEs dispensed after surgery (19.4% [11 418 658 of 58 825 364 MMEs]). Among individuals aged 45 to 64 years, 4 of the top 5 procedures were common orthopedic procedures (eg, arthroplasty of knee, 9.7% of total MMEs [5 885 305 of 60 591 564 MMEs]; arthroscopy of knee, 6.5% [3 912 616 MMEs]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of the distribution of postoperative opioid prescribing in the United States, a small number of common procedures accounted for a large proportion of MMEs dispensed after surgery. These findings suggest that the optimal design and targeting of surgical opioid stewardship initiatives in adults undergoing surgery should focus on the procedures that account for the most opioid dispensed following surgery over the life span, such as childbirth and orthopedic procedures. Going forward, systems that provide periodic surveillance of opioid prescribing and associated harms can direct quality improvement initiatives to reduce opioid-related morbidity and mortality.
Use of Oral and Emergency Contraceptives After the US Supreme Court’s Dobbs Decision
Authors: Qato Dima M. , Myerson Rebecca , Shooshtari Andrew , Guadamuz Jenny S. , Alexander G. Caleb 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceThe US Supreme Court Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision allowed states to strengthen restrictions on abortion access, triggering the closure of family planning clinics and leading to confusion about the legality of emergency contraceptives (ECs).ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between the Dobbs decision and fills for oral and emergency contraceptives in states that enacted the most restrictive abortion policies after Dobbs.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data on contraceptive fills for women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in the US from IQVIA’s National Prescription Audit PayerTrak and data from the Guttmacher Institute were used to categorize changes in abortion restrictions in each state. A difference-in-differences analysis compared changes in monthly fill rates for daily oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and ECs in states that became most restrictive (implemented a full abortion ban after Dobbs) and comparison states (kept a medium level of abortion restrictions after Dobbs) before (March 2021 to November 2021) and after (July 2022 to October 2023) the Dobbs decision.ExposureState-level abortion restrictions.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMonthly fills of OCPs and ECs per 100 000 women of reproductive age.ResultsBetween March 2021 and October 2023, 142.8 million prescriptions for OCPs and 904 269 prescriptions for ECs were dispensed at US retail pharmacies. Before Dobbs, trends in monthly fill rates were similar for OCPs and ECs between the most restrictive and comparison states. After the Dobbs decision, states that became the most restrictive experienced an additional 4.1% decline in OCP fills with 285.9 fewer fills per 100 000 (95% CI, −495.8 to −6.8; P = .04). In contrast to OCPs, fills for ECs increased during the first year after Dobbs (July 2022 to June 2023) in both groups of states. However, 1 year after Dobbs (July 2023 to October 2023), the most restrictive states experienced an additional 65% decrease in emergency contraceptive fills with 13.2 fewer fills per 100 000 (95% CI, −27.2 to −4.1; P = .01).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of prescriptions filled at US pharmacies, the Dobbs decision was associated with declines in oral contraceptives, particularly ECs, in states enacting the most restrictive abortion policies. Given the important role of OCPs and ECs in preventing pregnancy and the need for abortion, efforts to improve access may be needed, especially in states where legal abortion is no longer an option.
Multivitamin Use and Mortality Risk in 3 Prospective US Cohorts
Authors: Loftfield Erikka , O’Connell Caitlin P. , Abnet Christian C. , Graubard Barry I. , Liao Linda M. , Beane Freeman Laura E. , Hofmann Jonathan N. , Freedman Neal D. , Sinha Rashmi 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceOne in 3 US adults uses multivitamins (MV), with a primary motivation being disease prevention. In 2022, the US Preventive Services Task Force reviewed data on MV supplementation and mortality from randomized clinical trials and found insufficient evidence for determining benefits or harms owing, in part, to limited follow-up time and external validity.ObjectiveTo estimate the association of MV use with mortality risk, accounting for confounding by healthy lifestyle and reverse causation whereby individuals in poor health initiate MV use.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from 3 prospective cohort studies in the US, each with baseline MV use (assessed from 1993 to 2001), and follow-up MV use (assessed from 1998 to 2004), extended duration of follow-up up to 27 years, and extensive characterization of potential confounders. Participants were adults, without a history of cancer or other chronic diseases, who participated in National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study (327 732 participants); Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (42 732 participants); or Agricultural Health Study (19 660 participants). Data were analyzed from June 2022 to April 2024.ExposureSelf-reported MV use.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was mortality. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.ResultsAmong 390 124 participants (median [IQR] age, 61.5 [56.7-66.0] years; 216 202 [55.4%] male), 164 762 deaths occurred during follow-up; 159 692 participants (40.9%) were never smokers, and 157 319 participants (40.3%) were college educated. Among daily MV users, 49.3% and 42.0% were female and college educated, compared with 39.3% and 37.9% among nonusers, respectively. In contrast, 11.0% of daily users, compared with 13.0% of nonusers, were current smokers. MV use was not associated with lower all-cause mortality risk in the first (multivariable-adjusted HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.07) or second (multivariable-adjusted HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.99-1.08) halves of follow-up. HRs were similar for major causes of death and time-varying analyses.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of US adults, MV use was not associated with a mortality benefit. Still, many US adults report using MV to maintain or improve health.
Effects of interrupting residues on DNA dumbbell structures formed by CCTG tetranucleotide repeats associated with myotonic dystrophy type 2
Authors: Yang Yingquan , Wang Yang , Yan Zhenzhen , Li Zhigang , Guo Pei 
Published: June 2024

Myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is a neurogenerative disease caused by caprylic/capric triglyceride (CCTG) tetranucleotide repeat expansions in intron 1 of the cellular nucleic acid‐binding protein (CNBP) gene. Non‐B DNA structures formed by CCTG repeats can promote genetic instability, whereas interrupting motifs of NCTG (N = A/T/G) within CCTG repeats help to maintain genomic stability. However, whether the interrupting motifs can affect DNA structures of CCTG repeats remains unclear. Here, we report that four CCTG repeats with an interrupting 3′‐A/T/G residue formed dumbbell structures, whereas a non‐interrupting 3′‐C residue resulted in a multi‐loop structure exhibiting conformational dynamics that may contribute to a higher tendency of escaping from DNA mismatch repair and causing repeat expansions. The results provide new structural insights into the genetic instability of CCTG repeats in DM2.
An Injectable Living Hydrogel with Embedded Probiotics as a Novel Strategy for Combating Multifaceted Pathogen Wound Infections
Authors: Tao Siyuan , Zhang Sixuan , Wei Kongchang , Maniura‐Weber Katharina , Li Zhihao , Ren Qun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWound infections pose a significant challenge in healthcare, and traditional antibiotic treatments often result in the development of resistant pathogens. Addressing this gap, ProGel is introduced, a living hydrogel created by entrapping probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum as a therapeutic component within a gelatin matrix. With a double‐syringe system, ProGel can be easily mixed and applied, conforming swiftly to any wound shape and forming hydrogel in situ. It also demonstrates robust mechanical and self‐healing properties owing to the Schiff‐base bonds. ProGel sustains more than 80% viability of the entrapped L. plantarum while restricting their escape from the hydrogel. After a week of storage, more than 70% viability of the entrapped L. plantarum is preserved. Importantly, ProGel exhibits broad‐spectrum antimicrobial efficacy against pathogens commonly associated with wound infections, i.e., Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7Log reduction), Staphylococcus aureus (3‐7Log reduction), and Candida albicans (40–70% reduction). Moreover, its cytocompatibility is affirmed through coculture with human dermal fibroblasts. The effectiveness of ProGel is further highlighted in more clinically relevant tests on human skin wound models infected with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, where it successfully prevents the biofilm formation of these pathogens. This study showcases an injectable living hydrogel system for the management of complex wound infections.
Fast‐Charging Anode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wan Yanhua , Huang Biyan , Liu Wenshuai , Chao Dongliang , Wang Yonggang , Li Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have undergone rapid development as a complementary technology to lithium‐ion batteries due to abundant sodium resources. However, the extended charging time and low energy density pose a significant challenge to the widespread use of SIBs in electric vehicles. To overcome this hurdle, there is considerable focus on developing fast‐charging anode materials with rapid Na⁺ diffusion and superior reaction kinetics. Here, the key factors that limit the fast charging of anode materials are examined, which provides a comprehensive overview of the major advances and fast‐charging characteristics across various anode materials. Specifically, it systematically dissects considerations to enhance the rate performance of anode materials, encompassing aspects such as porous engineering, electrolyte desolvation strategies, electrode/electrolyte interphase, electronic conductivity/ion diffusivity, and pseudocapacitive ion storage. Finally, the direction and prospects for developing fast‐charging anode materials of SIBs are also proposed, aiming to provide a valuable reference for the further advancement of high‐power SIBs.
Superior AlGaN/GaN‐Based Phototransistors and Arrays with Reconfigurable Triple‐Mode Functionalities Enabled by Voltage‐Programmed Two‐Dimensional Electron Gas for High‐Quality Imaging
Authors: Zhang Haochen , Liang Fangzhou , Yang Lei , Gao Zhixiang , Liang Kun , Liu Si , Ye Yankai , Yu Huabin , Chen Wei , Kang Yang , Sun Haiding 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh‐quality imaging units are indispensable in modern optoelectronic systems for accurate recognition and processing of optical information. To fulfill massive and complex imaging tasks in the digital age, devices with remarkable photoresponsive characteristics and versatile reconfigurable functions on a single‐device platform are in demand but remain challenging to fabricate. Herein, an AlGaN/GaN‐based double‐heterostructure is reported, incorporated with a unique compositionally graded AlGaN structure to generate a channel of polarization‐induced two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEGs). Owing to the programmable feature of the 2DEGs by the combined gate and drain voltage inputs, with a particular capability of electron separation, collection and storage under different light illumination, the phototransistor shows reconfigurable multifunctional photoresponsive behaviors with superior characteristics. A self‐powered mode with a responsivity over 100 A W−1 and a photoconductive mode with a responsivity of ≈108 A W−1 are achieved, with the ultimate demonstration of a 10 × 10 device array for imaging. More intriguingly, the device can be switched to photoelectric synapse mode, emulating synaptic functions to denoise the imaging process while prolonging the image storage ability. The demonstration of three‐in‐one operational characteristics in a single device offers a new path toward future integrated and multifunctional imaging units.
Flexible and Thermally Insulating Porous Materials Utilizing Hollow Double‐Shell Polymer Fibers
Authors: Knapczyk‐Korczak Joanna , Szewczyk Piotr K. , Berniak Krzysztof , Marzec Mateusz M. , Frąc Maksymilian , Pichór Waldemar , Stachewicz Urszula 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe global climate change is mainly caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. To help reduce CO2 emissions and conserve thermal energy, sustainable materials based on flexible thermal insulation are developed to minimize heat flux, drawing inspiration from natural systems such as polar bear hairs. The unique structure of hollow double‐shell fibers makes it possible to achieve low thermal conductivity in the material while retaining exceptional elasticity, allowing it to adapt to insulation systems of any shape. The layered system of porous mats reaches a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.031 W∙m⁻¹∙K⁻¹ and enables to reduce the heat transfer. The results achieved using scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) correlate with the simulated heat flow in the case of individual fibers. This research study brings new insights into the energy efficiency of domestic environments, thereby addressing the growing demand for sustainable and high‐performance insulation materials for saving energy loss and reducing pollution footprint.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Exacerbates NASH Progression via Selective Autophagy‐Mediated Eepd1 Degradation
Authors: Xiong Jie , Xu Ying , Wang Ning , Wang Shengming , Zhang Yao , Lu Sijia , Zhang Xiaoman , Liang Xingxing , Liu Chuchu , Jiang Quanxin , Xu Junting , Qian Qiqi , Zhou Peihui , Yin Limin , Liu Feng , Chen Suzhen , Yin Shankai , Liu Junli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), is an independent risk factor for aggravating non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The prevailing mouse model employed in CIH research is inadequate for the comprehensive exploration of the impact of CIH on NASH development due to reduced food intake observed in CIH‐exposed mice, which deviates from human responses. To address this issue, a pair‐feeding investigation with CIH‐exposed and normoxia‐exposed mice is conducted. It is revealed that CIH exposure aggravates DNA damage, leading to hepatic fibrosis and inflammation. The analysis of genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data also discloses the association between Eepd1, a DNA repair enzyme, and OSAS. Furthermore, it is revealed that CIH triggered selective autophagy, leading to the autophagic degradation of Eepd1, thereby exacerbating DNA damage in hepatocytes. Notably, Eepd1 liver‐specific knockout mice exhibit aggravated hepatic DNA damage and further progression of NASH. To identify a therapeutic approach for CIH‐induced NASH, a drug screening is conducted and it is found that Retigabine dihydrochloride suppresses CIH‐mediated Eepd1 degradation, leading to alleviated DNA damage in hepatocytes. These findings imply that targeting CIH‐mediated Eepd1 degradation can be an adjunctive approach in the treatment of NASH exacerbated by OSAS.
Breaking Boundaries: Giant Ultraviolet Birefringence in Dimension‐Reduced Zn‐Based Crystals
Authors: Li Yang , Ok Kang Min 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBirefringent crystals have essential applications in optical communication areas. Low‐dimensional structures with inherited structural anisotropy are potential systems for investigating birefringent materials with large birefringence. In this work, the zero‐dimensional (0D) [(p‐C5H5NO)2ZnCl2] (1) and [p‐C5H6NO]2[ZnCl4] (2) were obtained by introducing the π‐conjugated p‐C5H5NO (4HP) into the three‐dimensional (3D) ZnCl2. Remarkably, 1 exhibits a giant birefringence of 0.482@546 nm, which is the largest among Zn‐based ultraviolet (UV) compounds and 160 times that of ZnCl2. According to structural and theoretical calculation analyses, the large optical polarizability, high spatial density, ideal distribution of the [(4HP)2ZnCl2]0 cluster, and the low dimension of 1 result in the dramatically increased birefringence compared to ZnCl2. This work will provide a valid route for accelerating the design and synthesis of compounds with excellent birefringence in low‐dimensional systems.