bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change, California Wine, and Wildlife Habitat
Authors: Roehrdanz Patrick R. , Hannah Lee 
Published: December 2014

AbstractClimate change may drive shifts in global agriculture that will affect remaining natural lands, with important consequences for the conservation of species and ecosystems. Wine production is an excellent model for examining this type of impact, because suitable climate is central to product quality and production is centered in Mediterranean climate regions that are all global biodiversity hotspots. Adaptation to climate change in existing vineyards may involve water use to ameliorate heat stress or drought, resulting in additional conservation issues. Global studies of wine, climate, and conservation have highlighted the need for more detailed regional analyses to better understand these complex multiple issues. Here we examine impacts of climate change on winegrape suitability in California and its possible implications for nature conservation and water use. Under two global climate models and two emissions scenarios, winegrape suitability in California is projected to decline overall and to move into undeveloped areas that provide important habitats for native species. Coastal and upslope areas retain and improve in suitability, respectively, while inland areas see the largest losses in suitability. Areas of declining suitability are regions in which heightened water use for vineyard adaptation may lead to declines in stream flow or conflicts with other water uses. Continued growth in global demand for wine and reduced production in areas of declining suitability will drive expansion into newly suitable areas, potentially impacting important species native to California. Existing vineyards in areas of declining suitability will likely need to adapt to remain viable. Advance planning for a changing climate and adaptation options that are not water intensive (e.g. vine orientation, trellising, or varietal switch) will help reduce potential water conservation issues in those areas. (JEL Classifications: Q15, Q54, Q57)
Vetoes and Venues: Economic Crisis and the Roads to Recovery in Michigan and Ontario
Authors: Constantelos John 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis article examines executive responses to economic decline in Ontario and Michigan from 2003 to 2012, when the two governments struggled to adjust to a severe manufacturing crisis which greatly worsened during the Great Recession in 2008–2009. Sharing an international border, these cases offer control over an unusually large number of economic, social and political factors, permitting a focused analysis of the impact of divided government and fiscal decentralization on executive policy making. The research finds that greater fiscal decentralization in Canada and unified government in Ontario allowed the province to develop a more rapid and more robust response to the economic crisis in comparison to the State of Michigan. Budgetary constraints and a partisan veto at the state level forced Michigan's governor to redirect her efforts to the federal venue.
Generalized Morrey Regularity for Parabolic Equations with Discontinuous Data
Authors: Guliyev Vagif S. , Softova Lubomira G. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe prove continuity in generalized parabolic Morrey spacesof sublinear operators generated by the parabolic Calderón—Zygmund operator and by the commutator of this operator with bounded mean oscillation (BMO) functions. As a consequence, we obtain a global-regularity result for the Cauchy—Dirichlet problem for linear uniformly parabolic equations with vanishing mean oscillation (VMO) coefficients.
States' Rights, Welfare Rights, and the “Indian Problem”: Negotiating Citizenship and Sovereignty, 1935–1954
Authors: Tani Karen M. 
Published: December 2014

“What distinguishes the American Indians from other native groups is . . . the nature of their relationship with a government which, while protecting their welfare and their rights, is committed to the principles of tribal self-government and the legal equality of races.”Felix S. Cohen, Chairman, Board of Appeals, United States Department of Interior (1942)“[T]he objective of Congress is to make the Indians self-supporting and into good individual American citizens . . . . You cannot have a good American citizen . . . unless you have a good citizen of the State.”United States Representative Antonio M. Fernández (D., New Mexico) (1949)“While all this red tape is being untangled, one in need dies without assistance.”David A. Johnson, Sr., Governor and Chairman of the Gila River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (1949)These three quotations come from a period in modern American history often remembered for economic depression and war, but perhaps most remarkable for the accompanying changes in governance. Building on Progressive Era innovations, America's federal system became ever more “cooperative”— that is, marked by intricate federal-state personnel and revenue sharing. Meanwhile, Americans witnessed the steady expansion of central state authority. By the 1940s, neither the states nor the federal government enjoyed many areas of exclusive jurisdiction. The federal and state governments' relationships with their subjects were similarly in flux, and the stakes were high. As a result of New Deal social welfare programs, as well as numerous war-related measures, the benefits of state and national citizenship had expanded by the late 1940s. The burdens of citizenship had expanded, too, in the form of higher and broader taxation, compulsory military service, and more government oversight. The stage was set for fierce conflicts over the borders of the nation's political communities and the terms of belonging.
Closing the Gap: the Five Essential Attributes of the Modern Information Professional
Authors: Lord Simon 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper is based on a research study commissioned by the Financial Times and the Special Libraries Association (SLA) to explore the evolving value of information management to organisations around the world. Drawing on responses from both full-time information professionals and corporate executives, the research highlights the challenges facing both audiences and reveals a fundamental shift in the model of information management. The paper aims to provide an actionable framework for the continuing success of the information function in any organisation, describing the five essential attributes for modern information professionals. The research was presented by Simon Lord at the BIALL Annual Conference, 2014 and is published in full at: www.ft.com/sla
Law Making in a Devolved Wales: Work in Progress
Authors: Williams John 
Published: December 2014

AbstractDevolution for Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales resulted in an asymmetrical constitutional framework. The Welsh settlement was more limited than that for Northern Ireland and Scotland. However, since the Government of Wales Acts of 1998 and 2006, Wales has eventually achieved primary law-making powers. Regrettably, the stages leading to the present position resulted in an often confused and confusing body of law. Practitioners wishing to know the content of Welsh law on a subject may encounter a complex tapestry of different types of enactments. The next step for Wales must be improved accessibility and codification. The process of devolution continues. This paper by Professor John Williams was delivered at the BIALL Annual Conference in June 2014.
Building Free Access to Law in Africa: Some Examples of Successful Projects
Authors: Ward Ruth 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRuth Ward explains how open access to legislation in Africa is a much more recent development than in the developed world. Several recently launched projects are well underway, and are contributing towards promoting justice and the rule of law in Africa. Access to legislation facilitates great transparency and access to the law for the promotion of trade and investment; and supports the resulting economic development on the continent. Several different approaches to establishing projects which deliver reliable consolidated access to legislation are illustrated, and show that successful projects can be established and maintained on modest budgets by very small teams.
The 10th Anniversary of GlobaLex: A Portal Dedicated to Foreign, Comparative and International Law Research
Authors: Roznovschi Mirela 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSince it was established, GlobaLex has become a recognised and heavily accessed worldwide database of international, foreign, and comparative law research articles. As Mirela Roznovschi explains, GlobaLex represents a valuable component of legal research in today's cyberlegal environment. In February 2015 GlobaLex celebrates a 10 year anniversary. This article celebrates the success of the service.
Using Data to Understand How the Statute Book Works
Authors: Sheridan John 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe statute book is a large, complex system; a vast corpus of texts dating back to the thirteenth century, now evolving at a rate of around 100,000 words a month1. The volume and pace of change combine with the constraints of current generation of digital tools to present a real barrier to researchers, limiting the type of research that is currently possible. The statute book is simply too big, and changes too rapidly, for any one person to easily comprehend. This situation is transformed if you view legislation as data, and then apply big data technologies and new data analysis techniques to that data. The aim of the Big Data for Law research project2 is to do just that; applying the latest analytical techniques to legislation, making it possible to research, interrogate and understand the statute book as a whole system. An important part of the initiative is to make available the raw data for conducting this type of research, alongside new tools and methods for working with the content. In this article, John Sheridan, Head of Legislation Services at The National Archives, sets out some of the ideas that underpin the project and describes the new service that researchers can use from Spring 2015.
The exposure of Sydney (Australia) to earthquake-generated tsunamis, storms and sea level rise: a probabilistic multi-hazard approach
Authors: Dall'Osso F. , Dominey-Howes D. , Moore C. , Summerhayes S. , Withycombe G. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractApproximately 85% of Australia's population live along the coastal fringe, an area with high exposure to extreme inundations such as tsunamis. However, to date, no Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessments (PTHA) that include inundation have been published for Australia. This limits the development of appropriate risk reduction measures by decision and policy makers. We describe our PTHA undertaken for the Sydney metropolitan area. Using the NOAA NCTR model MOST (Method for Splitting Tsunamis), we simulate 36 earthquake-generated tsunamis with annual probabilities of 1:100, 1:1,000 and 1:10,000, occurring under present and future predicted sea level conditions. For each tsunami scenario we generate a high-resolution inundation map of the maximum water level and flow velocity and we calculate the exposure of buildings and critical infrastructure. Results indicate that exposure to earthquake-generated tsunamis is relatively low for present events, but increases significantly with higher sea level conditions. The probabilistic approach allowed us to undertake a comparison with an existing storm surge hazard assessment. Interestingly, the exposure to all the simulated tsunamis is significantly lower than that for the 1:100 storm surge scenarios, under the same initial sea level conditions. The results have significant implications for multi-risk and emergency management in Sydney.
Implantable probe with split anchors via residual stress and induced cell growth with gelatin nanofibres
Authors: Chen Yu‐Yen , Chen Bo‐An , Tsai Daniel , Huang Cheng‐Chun , Yu Jiashing , Shih Wen‐Pin , Lin Chii‐Wann 
Published: December 2014

A bipolar electrode probe used for implantable nerve stimulation treatments in minimally invasive surgeries is presented. The probe is composed of a flexible printed circuit substrate and a patterned SU‐8 film. This probe features a three‐dimensional (3D) tweezer‐like mechanism opened by residual stress from the SU‐8 film, designed to fix the probe in the tissue surrounding a target nerve. Stripes on the SU‐8 film direct the net residual stress in a single direction to form a curve. The holding strengths of the probes with different deformations are defined and measured by a tensile test. Results show that the fixing ability of a 3D probe is better than a plane probe. The probes with curvature heights between 13 and 14 mm have a maximum average breaking force of 0.258 N, which is 16.3 and 13.1% higher than the probes with curvature heights between 9 and 10 mm and between 10 and 11 mm, respectively. In addition, a film of gelatin fibrous membrane, produced by electrospinning, covers the fixed ends of the probe's anchors and acts as cell scaffolds to induce cell growth, which help to ensure long‐term fixation in the body. 3T3 fibroblast cells are grown to verify the scaffold effect of the fibrous membrane.
Clustering-based model of cysteine co-evolution improves disulfide bond connectivity prediction and reduces homologous sequence requirements
Authors: Raimondi Daniele , Orlando Gabriele , Vranken Wim F. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Cysteine residues have particular structural and functional relevance in proteins because of their ability to form covalent disulfide bonds. Bioinformatics tools that can accurately predict cysteine bonding states are already available, whereas it remains challenging to infer the disulfide connectivity pattern of unknown protein sequences. Improving accuracy in this area is highly relevant for the structural and functional annotation of proteins.
Results: We predict the intra-chain disulfide bond connectivity patterns starting from known cysteine bonding states with an evolutionary-based unsupervised approach called Sephiroth that relies on high-quality alignments obtained with HHblits and is based on a coarse-grained cluster-based modelization of tandem cysteine mutations within a protein family. We compared our method with state-of-the-art unsupervised predictors and achieve a performance improvement of 25–27% while requiring an order of magnitude less of aligned homologous sequences (∼103 instead of ∼104).
Availability and implementation: The software described in this article and the datasets used are available at http://ibsquare.be/sephiroth.
Contact: wvranken@vub.ac.be
Supplementary information: Supplementary material is available at Bioinformatics online.
Detection of periodic variations in the vertical velocities of Galactic masers
Authors: Bobylev V. V. , Bajkova A. T. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We have collected literature data on Galactic masers with trigonometric parallaxes measured by means of very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI). We have obtained series of residual tangential (ΔVcirc) and radial (ΔVR) velocities for 107 masers. Based on these series, we have re-determined the parameters of the Galactic spiral density wave using the method of spectral (periodogram) analysis. The tangential and radial perturbation amplitudes are fθ = 6.0 ± 2.6 km s−1 and fR = 7.2 ± 2.2 km s−1, respectively; the perturbation wavelengths are λθ = 3.2 ± 0.5 kpc and λR = 3.0 ± 0.6 kpc for a four-armed spiral model, m = 4. The phase of the Sun, χ⊙, in the spiral density wave is −79° ± 14° and −199° ± 16° from the residual tangential and radial velocities, respectively. The most interesting result of this work is detecting a wave in vertical spatial velocity (W) versus distance R from the Galactic rotation axis. From spectral analysis, we have found the following characteristics for this wave: perturbation wavelength λW = 3.4 ± 0.7 kpc and amplitude fW = 4.3 ± 1.2 km s−1.
VERA and ALMA observations of the H2O supermaser burst in Orion KL
Authors: Hirota Tomoya , Tsuboi Masato , Kurono Yasutaka , Fujisawa Kenta , Honma Mareki , Kim Mi Kyoung , Imai Hiroshi , Yonekura Yoshinori 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The 22 GHz H2O maser in Orion KL has shown extraordinary burst events in 1979–1985 and 1998–1999, sometimes called supermaser. We have conducted monitoring observations of the supermaser in Orion KL using VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry) in the current third burst since 2011 March. Three flux maxima are detected in 2011 and 2012 with rising and falling timescales of 2–7 months. Time variations of the supermaser seem symmetric for all of the active phases. The maximum total flux density of 135000 Jy is observed in 2012 June while it is still one order of magnitude lower than those in previous bursts. The supermaser consists of two spatially different components at different velocities. They are elongated along a northwest–southeast direction perpendicular to the low-velocity outflow driven by Source I. Proper motions of the supermaser features with respect to Source I are measured toward west and southwest directions, almost parallel to the low-velocity outflow. The flux density and linewidth show an anti-correlation as expected for an unsaturated maser emission. The supermaser is located close to the methylformate (HCOOCH3) line and continuum emission peaks in the Orion Compact Ridge detected by ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array). The broader velocity range of the weak HCOOCH3 emission at the supermaser position would be evidence of a shock front. On the other hand, the 321 GHz H2O line is not detected at the position of the supermaser. It can be explained qualitatively by one of the theoretical H2O excitation models without extraordinary conditions. Our results support a scenario that the supermaser is excited in the dense gas interacting with the low-velocity outflow in the Compact Ridge. The extremely high flux density and its symmetric time variation for rising and falling phases could be explained by a beaming effect during the amplification process rather than changes in physical conditions.
Annual parallax measurements of a semi-regular variable star, RW Leporis
Authors: Kamezaki Tatsuya , Kurayama Tomoharu , Nakagawa Akiharu , Handa Toshihiro , Omodaka Toshihiro , Nagayama Takumi , Kobayashi Hideyuki , Shizugami Makoto 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We have measured the annual parallax of water masers around the semi-regular variable star RW Leporis (RW Lep) from observations with VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA). The measured parallax is 1.62 ± 0.16 mas, corresponding to a distance of $617^{+68}_{-55}\:$pc. This is the first VLBI annual parallax of RW Lep, whose previously measured parallax is a negative value. Using the estimated distance we plot RW Lep on the period–luminosity plane. RW Lep is reported to have two different periods, the longer period shows that the star is located between the sequences C and C′. The shorter period shows that it is located on the sequence B+. We estimated the luminosity, radius, and mass of RW Lep to be 15400 L⊙, 428 R⊙, and 4.7 M⊙, respectively. We found 13 maser spots around the star, with a distribution ∼ 11 times larger than the star's radius.
A long-period eccentric substellar companion to the evolved intermediate-mass star HD 14067
Authors: Wang Liang , Sato Bun'ei , Omiya Masashi , Harakawa Hiroki , Liu Yujuan , Song Nan , He Wei , Wu Xiaoshu , Izumiura Hideyuki , Kambe Eiji , Takeda Yoichi , Yoshida Michitoshi , Itoh Yoichi , Ando Hiroyasu , Kokubo Eiichiro , Ida Shigeru , Zhao Gang 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We report on the detection of a substellar companion orbiting an evolved intermediate-mass (M⋆ = 2.4 M⊙) star HD 14067 (G9 III) using a precise Doppler technique. Either a periodic Keplerian variation with a decreasing linear velocity trend (P = 1455 d, K1 = 92.2 m s−1, e = 0.533, and $\dot {\gamma } = -22.4\:$m s−1 yr−1) or a single Keplerian orbit without linear trend (P = 2850 d, K1 = 100.1 m s−1, and e = 0.697) can be well fitted to the radial velocities of this star. The minimum mass (m2 sin i = 7.8 MJ for the model with a linear trend, or m2 sin i = 9.0 MJ for the model without a linear trend) suggests a long-period giant planet orbiting an evolved intermediate-mass star. The eccentricity of the orbit is among the highest ones ever detected for planets moving around evolved stars.
Puzzling outer-density profile of the dark matter halo in the Andromeda galaxy
Authors: Kirihara Takanobu , Miki Yohei , Mori Masao 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The cold dark matter (CDM) cosmology, which is the standard theory of the structure formation in the universe, predicts that the outer density profile of dark matter halos decreases with the cube of distance from the center. However, so far not much effort has been expended in examining this hypothesis. In the halo of the Andromeda galaxy (M 31), large-scale stellar structures detected by the recent observations provide a potentially suitable window to investigate the mass-density distribution of the dark matter halo. We explore the density structure of the dark matter halo in M 31 using an N-body simulation of the interaction between an accreting satellite galaxy and M 31. To reproduce the Andromeda Giant Southern Stream and the stellar shells at the east and west sides of M 31, we find the sufficient condition for the power-law index α of the outer density distribution of the dark matter halo. The best-fitting parameter is α = −3.7, which is steeper than the CDM prediction.