bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the acoustic performance of flexible polyurethane foam using biochar modified by (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane coupling agent
Authors: Maamoun Ahmed Abdelhamid , Abouomar Ramadan M. , El-Basheer Tarek M. , Azab Mostafa A. , Zaki ElSayed G. , Elsaeed Shymaa M. , Elkhateeb Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the potential of integrating natural biochar (BC) derived from eggshell waste into flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam to enhance its mechanical and acoustic performance. The study explores the impact of incorporating BC at various weight ratios (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 wt. %) on the properties of the FPU foam. Additionally, the effects of modifying the BC with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS) at different ratios (10, 20, and 30 wt. %) and the influence of diverse particle sizes of BC on the thermal, mechanical, and acoustic characteristics of the FPU composite are investigated. The functional groups, morphology, and elemental composition of the developed FPU composites are analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. Characteristics such as density, gel fraction, and porosity were also assessed. The results reveal that the density of FPU foam increased by 4.32% and 7.83% while the porosity decreased to 50.22% and 47.05% with the addition of 0.1 wt. % of unmodified BC and modified BC with 20 wt. % APTMS, respectively, compared to unfilled FPU. Additionally, the gel fraction of the FPU matrix increases by 1.91% and 3.55% with the inclusion of 0.1 wt. % unmodified BC and modified BC with 20 wt. % APTMS, respectively. Furthermore, TGA analysis revealed that all FPU composites demonstrate improved thermal stability compared to unfilled FPU, reaching a peak value of 312.17°C for the FPU sample incorporating BC modified with 20 wt. % APTMS. Compression strength increased with 0.1 wt. % untreated BC but decreased at higher concentrations. Modifying BC with 20% APTMS resulted in an 8.23% increase in compressive strength compared to unfilled FPU. Acoustic analysis showed that the addition of BC improved absorption, and modified BC enhanced absorption characteristics of FPU, reaching Class D with a 20 mm thickness. BC modified with APTMS further improved acoustic properties compared to the unfilled FPU sample (Class E), with 20% modification showing the best results. These composites present promising materials for sound absorption applications and address environmental issues related to eggshell waste.
How boots affect the kinematics and kinetics of lower limb joints during walking compared to casual footwear
Authors: Haghighat Farzaneh , Rezaie Mohammadreza , Majlesi Mahdi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBoots are widely used by many people for various purposes, but their impact on gait biomechanics and injury risk is not well understood. This study investigated the effects of boots on walking biomechanics, compared to casual footwear. The lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics of 20 healthy male participants aged 20 to 30 years old were compared during self-paced walking with boots and shoes. The results showed that walking with boots is associated with greater hip extensor (P = 0.009) and ankle dorsiflexor (P < 0.001) moments in early stance, hip power generation (P < 0.001) and knee power absorption (P < 0.001) in early swing phase, hip abductor (P < 0.001) and knee adduction (P < 0.001) moments in the entire stance, net concentric work for the hip joint in sagittal (13.9%, P = 0.001) and frontal (21.7%, P = 0.002) planes. In contrast, the subtalar supinator moment in the entire stance (P < 0.001), ankle angular velocity in late stance (P < 0.001), and net concentric (− 42.7%, P < 0.001) and eccentric (− 44.6%, P = 0.004) works of subtalar joint were significantly lower in the boot condition. The compensatory adjustments in the hip and knee joints may result from ankle restrictions. While boots may aid those with ankle disorders, lower limb loading and the risk of musculoskeletal injuries and osteoarthritis could be increased. This study offers new perspectives on the biomechanical impact of boots on gait, potential prevention and treatment strategies of related injuries, and advancing footwear design.
Multiphase superconductivity at the interface between ultrathin FeTe islands and Bi2Te3
Authors: Tkáč V. , Vorobiov S. , Baloh P. , Vondráček M. , Springholz G. , Carva K. , Szabó P. , Hofmann Ph. , Honolka J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFeTe monolayer islands situated on a topological insulator Bi2Te3 (0001) surface were recently reported to exhibit the opening of an energy gap below temperatures T ~ 6 K, which could be due to a superconducting phase transition. In this work, we present a magnetic field dependent transport study proving that this gap is indeed of superconducting origin. Upon cooling, several drops in resistance are observed in the temperature range between 6 K and 2 K, indicating multiple transitions. Using the Ginzburg-Landau theory, we show that the critical magnetic field of the dominant high-temperature transition at ~ 6 K is governed by orbital Cooper pair breaking in larger FeTe islands, large enough to exceed the superconductive coherence length $$\xi$$
ξ
. At smaller island sizes, transitions at lower temperatures < 6 K become more prominent, showing significantly increased critical fields dominated by paramagnetic pair breaking. The multiphase superconducting behaviour is in line with an observed wide distribution of FeTe islands width 5–100 nm and seems to reflect disorder effects at the interface to Bi2Te3. The proof of local superconductivity makes the FeTe interface to the topological insulator Bi2Te3 substrate a potential host of topological superconductivity.
Efficient turbo product code decoder with Build‐In SRAM‐based transpose memory
Authors: Luo Jianjun , Xu Xiaoyu , Shen Yifan , Huang Boming , Wang Wenkui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTurbo product codes (TPCs) have been widely used for bit error correction in high‐speed applications such as data storage. This letter introduces an efficient hard‐input hard‐output iterating TPC decoder module. A transpose memory utilizing static random access memory (SRAM) is integrated into the decoder to achieve a low hardware overhead. The transpose memory, based on an 8T SRAM bit‐cell, supports both horizontal (row‐wise), and vertical (column‐wise) read/write operations. It is prototyped under a 28nm high‐k/metal gate stack process with bit‐cell size of 0.582 µm2. This specialized SRAM significantly reduces the hardware overhead when compared with a register‐array‐based transpose memory without significant throughput loss. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) evaluation platform is utilized to emulate the TPC decoder module, and the maximum decoder throughput is up to 6.49 Gbps at 250 MHz.
Study on the burial depth calculation method for AC submarine cable based on the surface optical fiber monitoring temperature
Authors: Li Qishun , Hao Yanpeng , Zhang Peng , Tan Haotian , Yang Lin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe partial exposure of submarine cable may cause damage to the metal sheath, which will affect its safe and stable operation. Existing detection methods for burial depth of submarine cables are difficult to implement and have a long detection period. In this contribution, a method is proposed to calculate the burial depth of alternating current (AC) submarine cable based on surface optical fiber monitoring temperature. According to the functional relationship between the transient temperature rise of submarine cable outer sheath above the ambient temperature and the burial depth (in the IEC‐60853 standard), the burial depth of submarine cables is calculated. The optical fiber temperature, electric load and meteorological temperature data are used for 30 consecutive days in September 2020 to calculate the change of burial depth of AC 500 kV oil‐filled submarine cable. The calculation results are basically consistent with the detection conclusion of side‐scan sonar, which shows that the method can accurately calculate the burial depth of submarine cables and locate the exposed position. This provides a theoretical basis for the intelligent operation and maintenance of AC submarine cables.
CF‐Net: Cross fusion network for semantic segmentation
Authors: Wang Baoyu , Shen Aihong , Dong Xu , Cao Pingping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSemantic segmentation is a fundamental computer vision task, and deep learning methods have been successfully applied to this field. However, target morphology continues to exhibit the incomplete prediction problem, which is attributable to the low feature utilisation and the insufficiency of spatial location information. This paper proposes a novel cross fusion network with unit attention mechanism (CF‐Net) for semantic segmentation. The two hallmarks of the framework are the usage of a multi‐scale fusion module and the unit attention mechanism. Multi‐scale fusion module can integrate multi‐branch outputs with different receptive fields, which obtain fine‐grained target details and visual contextual information. The cross fusion network is optimised with a unit attention mechanism to fuse intermediate features, which enables the acquisition of more accurate and effective spatial location information while maintaining consistency in feature space. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CF‐Net outperforms favourably comparable with other existing methods on the CamVid, Cityscapes, and PASCAL VOC 2012 databases, which also verifies the Effectiveness and reliability of our method.
Active elimination of DC bias current of a SiC based dual active bridge by controlling the dead time period
Authors: Perumal Ganesan , Hatua Kamalesh , Rajagopal Manju 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDual active bridge (DAB) is an isolated DC‐DC converter gaining wider attention in power electronics applications. The high frequency (HF) transformer is an integral part of the DAB which is prone to saturation. Silicon carbide (SiC) based DAB are generally preferred for highly efficient power conversions, calling for an extremely low DC resistance of the transformer. This aggravates the DC bias issue significantly. The DC bias current generally flows due to the mismatch in static and transient switching of active devices, leading to eventual saturation of the transformer. This paper proposes an active method to precisely control the dead time of the devices (8–100 ns) without sacrificing the voltage utilization of the converter. This method does not require a sophisticated DC offset current measurement technique. The field programmable gate array (FPGA) based control platform on the gate driver side executes the proposed algorithm. The proposed control is experimentally verified in a 5 kW SiC based converter. The control implementation methodology is discussed with the support of necessary experimental results.
Searching for new cataclysmic variables in the Chandra Source Catalog
Authors: Galiullin Ilkham , Rodriguez Antonio C. , El-Badry Kareem , Szkody Paula , Anand Abhijeet , van Roestel Jan , Sibgatullin Askar , Dodon Vladislav , Tyrin Nikita , Caiazzo Ilaria , Graham Matthew J. , Laher Russ R. , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Prince Thomas A. , Riddle Reed , Vanderbosch Zachary P. , Wold Avery 
Published: August 2024

Aims. Cataclysmic variables (CVs) are compact binary systems in which a white dwarf accretes matter from a Roche-lobe-filling companion star. For this study we searched for new CVs in the Milky Way in the Chandra Source Catalog v2.0, cross-matched with Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3).
Methods. We identified new CV candidates by combining X-ray and optical data in a color-color diagram called the X-ray main sequence. We used two different cuts in this diagram to compile pure and optically variable samples of CV candidates. We undertook optical spectroscopic follow-up observations with the Keck and Palomar Observatories to confirm the nature of these sources.
Results. We assembled a sample of 25 887 Galactic X-ray sources and found 14 new CV candidates. Seven objects show X-ray and/or optical variability. All sources show X-ray luminosity in the 1029 − 1032 erg s−1 range, and their X-ray spectra can be approximated by a power-law model with photon indices in the Γ ∼ 1 − 3 range or an optically thin thermal emission model in the kT ∼ 1 − 70 keV range. We spectroscopically confirmed four CVs, discovering two new polars, one low accretion rate polar and a WZ Sge-like low accretion rate CV. X-ray and optical properties of the other nine objects suggest that they are also CVs (likely magnetic or dwarf novae), and one other object could be an eclipsing binary, but revealing their true nature requires further observations.
Conclusions. These results show that a joint X-ray and optical analysis can be a powerful tool for finding new CVs in large X-ray and optical catalogs. X-ray observations such as those by Chandra are particularly efficient at discovering magnetic and low accretion rate CVs, which could be missed by purely optical surveys.
Unraveling the Magnesium Connection: The Cincinnati PPG's Pioneering Work on Mineral Metabolism in Diabetes and Pregnancy
Authors: Mimouni Francis B. , Khoury Jane C. , Ehrlich Shelley , Rosen Barak , Sheffer-Mimouni Galit , Miodovnik Menachem 
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to review the Cincinnati PPG's contribution to the understanding and treatment of neonatal hypocalcemia (NHC) in infants of diabetic mothers. This study is a retrospective review of the NIH-funded Program Project Grant (PPG) works related to mineral metabolism in type 1 diabetic pregnant women. The PPG investigators first described the epidemiology and the additional risk factors for NHC, namely prematurity and neonatal asphyxia, but also recognized the independent effect of maternal diabetes mellitus. They explored the link between NHC and maternal/neonatal hypomagnesemia. They finally conducted a randomized control trial of prevention of NHC by early administration of magnesium sulfate soon after birth to prevent NHC. The PPG in its various phases has allowed to reveal the important role that magnesium plays in the regulation of mineral metabolism in pregnancy and in particular the pregnancy complicated by pregestational diabetes.
Key Points
Patient Selection, Outcome, and Unhappy Patients in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Parmar Priscilla , Mills Heide , Saleh Hesham 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the process of patient selection for rhinoplasties and the many different psychological aspects that come into play. It is important to identify the warning signs and apply a multidisciplinary approach to the surgeons practice, in collaboration with specialist rhinoplasty psychologists. Patients' motivations and surgeon factors are also discussed, as this can lead to unhappy and unsatisfactory postoperative outcomes. Potential reasons for adverse outcomes throughout the pre- and postoperative periods are also described. Finally, a brief guide is provided to reduce the risks of an unhappy patient.
Evaluation of Risk Factors for Early Insufficiency after Bronchial Sleeve Resections
Authors: Levchenko Evgeny , Shabinskaya Viktoriia , Levchenko Nikita , Mikhnin Alexander , Mamontov Oleg , Ergnyan Stepan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Bronchoplastic resections are now widely used as a surgical treatment for resectable central lung cancer. However, bronchial dehiscence is one of the most life-threatening complications, making it important to identify its risk factors to separate patients who require more attention during the postoperative period.
Methods The data of 285 patients who underwent bronchoplasty from 2006 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. We collected demographic characteristics, history of neoadjuvant therapy, preoperative assessment, perioperative outcomes, and postoperative complications to investigate different variables as risk factors for bronchial dehiscence by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results Bronchial dehiscence was diagnosed in 12 patients (4.2%) with a mean presentation on postoperative day 10 (range: 1–24 days). By multivariate analysis, current smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 4.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–20.1, p = 0.032), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; OR: 6.5, 95% CI: 1.2–33.8, p = 0.027), bronchoplastic right lower lobectomy (OR: 12.9, 95% CI: 2.4–69.7, p = 0.003), and upper sleeve bilobectomy with segmentectomy S6 by performing an anastomosis between right main bronchus (RMB) and bronchus of basal pyramid (BP) (OR: 30.4, 95% CI: 3.4–268.1, p = 0.002) were confirmed as relevant risk factors for developing bronchial dehiscence.
Conclusion Current smoking, COPD, bronchoplastic right lower lobe, and upper l with segmentectomy S6 by performing an anastomosis between RMB and bronchus of BP were identified with the occurrence of bronchial dehiscence after sleeve resection.
Revisiting the history of autism before Kanner and Asperger: a tribute to Grunya Sukhareva
Authors: Pozzi Cristina Maria , Riesgo Rudimar dos Santos , Assumpção Junior Francisco Baptista 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlmost two decades before Kanner's and Asperger's works, the original paper by child psychiatrist Grunya Efimovna Sukhareva had already been written. It was published in 1926 by Sukhareva in a German scientific journal of psychiatry and neurology, with a detailed description of children who presented clinical conditions whose characteristics and evolution closely resemble autism, according to current criteria. In the present historical note, we intend to present Sukhareva's pioneering work and retrieve the meaning of her original contribution.
Multi-environment analysis to unravel bread wheat core collection to identify donors for grain quality, phenology, and yield traits
Authors: Kumari Jyoti , Gupta R. K. , Gupta Arun , Honrao B. K. , Vaish S. S. , Sharma Achla , Ram Sewa , Krishnappa Gopalareddy , Sharma Shivani , Bhardwaj Rakesh , Jacob Sherry Rachel , Kumar Sundeep , Vikas V. K. , Pandey Sushil , Rana J. C. , Kumar Ashok , Singh G. P. , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: August 2024

Context Untapped wheat germplasm is conserved globally in genebanks. Evaluating it for grain quality and yield will help achieve nutritional and food security. Aims We aimed to evaluate the Indian National Genebank bread wheat core collection for grain quality, phenology and yield, to identify potential donor germplasm. Methods 1485 accessions were grown at three locations in India during winter 2015–2016 to evaluate test weight, grain protein content, sedimentation value (SV), days to spike emergence, days to maturity, grain yield and thousand-grain weight (TGW). Key results Best linear unbiased estimates indicated mean protein of 13.3%, 14.7%, and 13.0% and yield of 73.0 g/m, 70.9 g/m and 66.6 g/m at Ludhiana, Pune, and Varanasi locations, respectively. The SV ranged from 26.6–65.6 mL and 17.7–66.6 mL at the Ludhiana and Pune locations, respectively. The top 10 accessions were identified for all the studied traits. Six high protein accessions, with consistent protein of more than 15% along with moderate Thousand-grain and test weights were further validated and assessed for stability across environments. Grain protein content was correlated negatively with thousand-grain weight and yield, but positively with days to maturity and spike emergence. Conclusion The identified accessions with high trait values could be used in future breeding programmes to develop high yielding biofortified cultivars to address protein malnutrition and also cultivars with suitable end-product quality. Implications The diversity in a core collection can be exploited to develop modern high yielding bread wheat cultivars with higher grain protein content and suitable end-product quality.
Shaping gender policies at the COPs
Authors: Matejak Dora 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This research delves into gendered climate change issues and their solutions and explores how they have been
(re)produced within policymaking at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Conferences of the Parties. By
employing Fairclough’s 3D framework of critical discourse analysis, this study examines the latest gender action plan along with
its supporting documents and projects. The findings reveal that prevailing discourses on gender prioritise women as key agents in
addressing both climate change and its gendered consequences while often relegating Parties and other international stakeholders
to ambiguous or supporting roles. Such emphasis on the empowerment and education of women to tackle global climate change issues
may overlook the importance of addressing transformative changes to combat societal gender inequalities. These inequalities not
only marginalise women in the context of climate change but also impede their involvement in the policymaking endeavours which aim
to address it.
Cross-linguistic dataset of force-flavor combinations in modal elements
Authors: Uegaki Wataru , Mucha Anne , Hannon Ella , Engels James , Whibley Fred 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present a cross-linguistic dataset of force-flavor combinations in modal elements, which currently contains
information on modal semantics in 24 languages and is accessible at https://github.com/EdinburghMeaning​Sciences/modals_database. We discuss theoretical motivations for constructing the
dataset, the data collection methodology, as well as the design and the format of the dataset. We also present four case studies
using the data: (i) assessment of cross-linguistic generalizations on force/flavor variability; (ii) exploration of
generalizations in the lexicalization of negative modality; (iii) investigation of the typology of the morphological encoding of
modal strength; and (iv) examination of how future contributes to modality. These case studies illustrate that the dataset
supports in-depth assessment of potential cross-linguistic generalizations as well as theory-informed investigations of
cross-linguistic variations in modal semantics.
Quantum generalisation of Einstein’s equivalence principle can be verified with entangled clocks as quantum reference frames
Authors: Cepollaro Carlo , Giacomini Flaminia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Einstein equivalence principle (EEP) is of crucial importance to test the foundations of general relativity. When the particles involved in the test exhibit quantum properties, it is unknown whether this principle still holds. A violation of the EEP would have drastic consequences for physics. A more conservative possibility is that the EEP holds in a generalised form for delocalised quantum particles. Here we formulate such a generalised EEP by extending one of its paradigmatic tests with clocks to quantum clocks that are in a quantum superposition of positions and velocities. We show that the validity of such a generalised version of the EEP is equivalent to the possibility of transforming to the perspective of an arbitrary Quantum Reference Frame (QRF), namely a reference frame associated to the quantum state of the clock. We further show that this generalised EEP can be verified by measuring the proper time of entangled clocks in a quantum superposition of positions in the Earth gravitational field. The violation of the generalised EEP corresponds to the impossibility of defining dynamical evolution in the frame of each clock, and results in a modification to the probabilities of measurements calculated in the laboratory frame. Hence, it can be verified experimentally, for instance in an atom interferometer.