bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications of intraoperative epidural steroid use in lumbar discectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Akinduro Oluwaseun O. , Miller Brandon A. , Haussen Diogo C. , Pradilla Gustavo , Ahmad Faiz U. 
Published: October 2015

OBJECT
The authors’ aim in this paper was to review the intraoperative use of epidural steroids in lumbar discectomy surgery with a focus on surgical complications.

METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was done using PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials. Relevant papers were retrieved and analyzed. The authors performed a meta-analysis of all available data. Search terms included epidural, steroids, discectomy, lumbar disc surgery, herniated lumbar disc, methylprednisolone, and perioperative.The primary outcome was surgical complications such as wound infection or need for reoperation. Secondary outcomes were pain and postoperative narcotic usage.

RESULTS
Sixteen trials and 1 retrospective study (a total of 1933 patients) were eligible for inclusion in this study. In all studies, steroids were added epidurally over the nerve root before closure in cases, and control patients underwent discectomy alone. The mean age (42.7 years vs 42.4 years; RR 0.30 [95% CI −0.30 to 0.90], p = 0.32), overall complication rates (2.69% vs 1.18%; RR 1.94 [95% CI 0.72–5.26], p = 0.19), and infectious complication rates (0.94% vs 0.08%; RR 4.58 [95% CI 0.75–27.95], p = 0.10) were similar between the steroid group and control group, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
There is good evidence that epidural steroids can decrease pain in the short term and decrease the usage of postoperative narcotics after lumbar spinal surgery for degenerative spinal disease. The authors’ results demonstrate a trend toward increased infection with epidural steroid use, but there was not a statistically significant difference. More studies are needed to validate the long-term risk/benefit ratio of epidural steroids in lumbar discectomy.
Contribution à l'étude des céramiques modelées de l'Age du Fer dans le département de l'Aude.
Authors: Rancoule Guy 
Published: October 2015

Contribution to the study of hand modelled pottery in the Aude Department.
Several Iron Age sites in the Department have been the object of publications or are currently in the course of study. A first approach to hand modelled pottery (not wheel-turned) defines an evolving typology (forms and decorations) from late Bronze III-B to the first century B.C. The analysis of the relative proportions of the principal categories (local hand modelled or wheel-turned pottery, imported or "occidental greek" pottery) during the course of that same period (in five successive phases) show the quantitative decline of hand modelled productions from the start of the sixth century B.C. Another inventory indicates the evolution of the proportions between the indigeneous open and closed forms, hand modelled or wheel-turned. Interesting observations concern the utilisation of the different ceramic forms in domestic life.
La céramique campanienne de Saint-Blaise (Saint-Mitre-les-Remparts, B.-du-Rh.).
Authors: Cayot Anne 
Published: October 2015

The Campanian pottery from Saint-Blaise (Saint-Mitre-les-Remparts, B.-du-Rh.).
During the excavations conducted by H. Rolland from 1955 to 1970, the late Iron Age levels of Saint-Blaise were explored over about 5000 square meters. A bundant italic black glaze pottery was unearthed. The detailed study of the Campanian pottery series, widely diffused in the Midi during the second century B. C, deals with more than 6000 fragments and 1600 individual vases.
The critical and comparative inventory of forms and decorations, analysed in their relative proportions, define a precise aspect of imported wares at a coastal site of the rhodanian delta. Because of the absence of stratigraphie references, it is not possible to give an accurate appraisal of the commercial development and typological evolution of this pottery. However, crossexamination of chronological data suggests a brutal destruction of the site before the end of the second century B. C. This definitively confirms what was suspected from the study of other archaeological materials.
Les constructions en terre au IIème s. av. J.-C. sur l'oppidum du Baou-Roux (Bouc-Bel-Air, B.-du-Rh.)
Authors: Boissinot Philippe 
Published: October 2015

Second century B.C. earthen constructions at the hill-fort of Baou-Roux (Bouc-Bel- Air, B.-du-Rh.).
The promontory settlement of Baou-Roux has been known since G. Vasseur's publication in 1903. The amplification of research since 1978 has permited the precision and completion of the chronological table of the different periods of occupation, from the Early Bronze Age of "Laure" type to the Iron Age, with an important development during the second century B.C. Analysis of the finds and structures indicate a brutal destruction at the end of that century.
Data from the latest excavations allow a consideration of the techniques developed during the second century B.C. concerning the utilisation of earth as a principal construction material. Sedimentary analyses have made it possible to classify the soils according to specific uses and to locate their diverse sources around the settlement. Further observations in the field also allowed a critical inventory of the techniques practised at different stages of construction.
L'oppidum de Roquefavour à Ventabren (B.-du-Rh.) (recherches 1975-1983)
Authors: Musso Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2015

Avec ses 5 ha de superficie, l'oppidum de Roquefavour est un des plus vastes de Provence occidentale, mais demeurait un des plus mal connus. La présente illustration, résultant de huit années de fouilles, comble aujourd'hui cette lacune. Les recherches ont porté sur la fortification et sur deux secteurs de l'habitat intérieur, en particulier sur le quartier sud-ouest où une rue et deux parties d'îlots sont explorées. L'auteur donne une description systématique de l'agencement spatial des habitations, de leur stratigraphie, des particularités architecturales ou domestiques (fours, foyers, fosses rituelles,...).
Un premier panorama du mobilier métallique et céramique est présenté. Plusieurs phases d'occupation sont individualisées ; la dernière, correspondant aux structures étudiées, est à placer durant la seconde moitié du Ier s. av. J.-C.
Analyse pétrographique d'un lot d'urnes indigènes de l'oppidum de Montjean (Var)
Authors: Echallier Jean-Claude , Wallon Denis 
Published: October 2015

Petrographic analysis of a group of indigenous urns from the Montjean hill-fort (Var).
The analysis of a lot of samples carefully selected within a large group of closed vases, hand modelled (not wheel turned) classed in four main groups, enabled to distinguish six pétrographie clusters. Compared to the geological outcrops surrounding the Saint-Tropez Bay area, the analysis revealed a regional diversity in the origine of the material utilized. One vase would even be of foreign origine. These are interesting facts that could perhaps be related to certain modalities of the land occupation.
A propos d' une inscription de Lédignan (C.I.L., XII, 3034 ; cité de Nîmes).
Authors: Christol Michel , Darde Dominique 
Published: October 2015

Concerning an inscription found at Lédignan (C.I.L., XII, 3034 ; Nîmes).
The recent acquisition by the Nîmes Museum of an inscription published in 1873 (C.I.L., XII, 3034) enables a new examination which results in an other interpretation of the text. This latter one strengthens the existing testimony of a more complex development in the study of immigrate names, involved in the action inherent to the Romanization of the Nîmes area.
Stratigraphie du Marduel (Saint-Bonnet-du-Gard). IV - Les niveaux des IVe et IIIe s. av. n. è. sur le Chantier Central.
Authors: Py Michel , Lebeaupin Denis , Duday Henri , Fabre Véronique , Tillier Anne-Marie 
Published: October 2015

Cet article est le quatrième volet de l'étude systématique des résultats de la fouille pratiquée dans l'habitat du Marduel (on se reportera aux tomes 5, 1982 ; 7, 1984 ; 9, 1986).
Les auteurs analysent les données stratigraphiques et les évolutions architecturales qui sont intervenues aux IIIe et IVe s. av. J.-C. sur le site selon un découpage en phases chronologiques. Le mobilier archéologique d'accompagnement est présenté, selon le même schéma, à l'aide de tableaux d'inventaire et avec une abondante illustration graphique. Un chapitre est consacré à l'étude d'une nouvelle sépulture de nouveau-né.
La villa gallo-romaine des Laurons (Quartier Saint-Pierre) Les Arcs-sur- Argens, Var.
Authors: Bérato Jacques , Borréani Marc , Leguilloux Martine 
Published: October 2015

An emergency excavation in 1984 has allowed the investigations of part of the remains of the pars rustica of a villa from the first half of the Ist c. A.D. (stage 2), built on earlier remains from the second half the Ist c. B.C. (stage 1 : doubtless wood buildings). A basin, a canal, tanks lined with masonry and a circular kiln belonging to stage 2 are all part of the usual equipment of a villa and suggest the probability of oil production. These structures are abandoned early in the IIId c. A.D. and serve from then on as a rubbish dump to the end of the IVth c. A.D. (stage 3)- The villa itself appears to have been abandoned early in the Vth c. A.D., while a limited use of the site continued until the VIth c. A.D.
The authors present the different categories of pottery and coins from each stage. A very detailed study of the fauna from the rubbish dumps of stage 3 allows some understanding of the socio-economical characteristics of this villa and its domain : vast cultivables areas, diversity of arable lands, breeding of mostly big cattle, consumption of high quality meat and an important contribution made by hunting, which suggests the leisure activities of a privileged social class.
Roquepertuse. Techniques du travail de la pierre, repères chronologiques
Authors: Bessac Jean-Claude 
Published: October 2015

Understanding of the methods used in carving the stones for the architectural elements and the sculpture of Roquepertuse allows a more correct vision of the technical evolution of the Celto-Ligurian population in the Second Iron Age in the hinterland of Marseilles. It also allows a better estimate of a possible dependance of this indigenous population on specific supplies brought to this area by Greek colonisation. The analysis shows the activities of several stone-cutters who are comparative masters of their profession and use tools that are widespread over the contemporaneous Mediterranean world.
The author questions the supposed veracity of the simultaneousness of the productions and the degree of reliability of the reconstructions proposed at present. He also stresses the strong assumption of re-use of the lapidary remains after the destruction of the portico and the sculpture of the monument.
H.L. Mencken, American stylist
Authors: Moseley Merritt 
Published: October 2015

H. L. Mencken, styliste américain.
Analyse du style de H.L. Mencken, et de ses procédés rhétoriques, où sont mis en évidence ses rapports avec la tradition américaine et la vision que Mencken a donnée de l'anglais américain dans The American Language.
The Norm in American English
Authors: Forgue Guy Jean 
Published: October 2015

La norme en anglais américain.
Qu'est-ce que l'anglais américain « correct » ? Qui détermine la norme linguistique aux Etats-Unis et sur quels critères ? L'auteur retrace la longue bataille des normativistes depuis la guerre des dictionnaires au siècle dernier jusqu'aux querelles et aux incertitudes actuelles.
Cantos, traduction : les mésaventures de l’original
Authors: Mikriammos Philippe 
Published: October 2015

Cantos, Translation — Misadventures of the Original.
Ezra Pound did not try to translate « well », but to create through translation a « new beauty » that would be something more than the original. Pound became quite sure of this idea toward 1917-18 ; it helped him to free himself when he started re-writing the Cantos in 1923. There Pound enacts four forms of « liberation » from the original, two of which are fundamental : « fading » {moving further and further away from original), and « crumbling » {juxtaposition of shorter and shorter bits of quotations). Also to be found are related original and defaced original. Thus Pound developed a double system based both on his absence from his own text and on injunction, which led to a typically poundian practice of watchwords in the Cantos.
Un siècle de syndicalisme à l'américaine conciliation ou conflit ?
Authors: Gautier Maurice-Paul 
Published: October 2015

Cet article souligne succinctement, dans un siècle d'histoire syndicale américaine, l'évolution dans le traitement des problèmes du monde du travail. A partir d'affrontements violents, voire sanglants à l'origine, on passe à une procédure légale, à l'époque du "New Deal", avec le N.L.R.A. et le N.L.R.B. pour résoudre les conflits.
La récession actuelle avec, pour corollaires, l'inflation, le chômage, la diminution du pouvoir d'achat et de l'aide sociale, conduit les responsables syndicaux à une autre approche de ces problèmes, comme il ressort des réunions informelles du "Groupe Patronat Syndicat" et des récentes déclarations de Lane Kirkland, Président de l'AFL-CIO.
Fitz Hugh Lane and the American Picturesque
Authors: Conron John 
Published: October 2015

Fitz Hugh Lane et l'esthétique du pittoresque en Amérique.
Les tableaux luministes du port de Gloucester (env. 1855-1862) par Fitz Hugh Lane marquent l'apogée du style pittoresque en Amérique. Une version subtile de cette esthétique informe quatre aspects du style de Lane. Dans ses tableaux de la rive occidentale du port, en particulier, on le voit choisir des formes par elles-mêmes pittoresques. U les souligne au moyen de techniques pittoresques telles que le point de vue en diagonale, la fragmentation et le clair-obscur. Il assemble ces formes en compositions panoramiques construites selon les principes du Et grâce à l'« effet » pittoresque il confère à ce paysage américain une gamme complexe de sens narratifs et symboliques : ainsi les fissures mêmes des rochers deviennent-elles histoires, hiéroglyphes.
Gore Vidal ou la pensée visuelle
Authors: Bensoussan Nicole 
Published: October 2015

Romancier, dramaturge, essayiste, homme politique, scénariste, Gore Vidal est un personnage à multiples facettes. Il est pourtant une constante dans son œuvre : son désir de mêler le visuel et l'écrit.
Soulignant l'impact du cinéma sur sa génération, l'auteur préconise une symbiose de l'art cinématographique et de l'œuvre littéraire, en affectant au scénario un coefficient de subjectivité et de surréalité qui lui fait habituellement défaut et inversement en faisant exploser la structure traditionnelle du roman pour jouer de tous les ressorts propres au cinéma, lui empruntant sa technique et sa psychologie, son récit elliptique, son style allusif et son rythme trépidant.
Tout en se voulant profondément subversif dans sa technique littéraire, Gore Vidal reste néanmoins attaché aux valeurs littéraires traditionnelles de l'écriture.
Dos Passos et le théâtre de la révolte
Authors: Bleu-Schwenninger Patricia 
Published: October 2015

Les trois pièces de Dos Passos, à mi-chemin du naturalisme et de l'expressionnisme, sont le fidèle reflet d'une oeuvre qui s'est nourrie de ses propres contradictions, sans jamais renoncer à les résoudre. Ecrites dans les années 20 et au début des années 30, elles témoignent du refus de Dos Passos de choisir entre des thèses ouvertement marxistes et une vision beaucoup plus individualiste et subjective, analogue à celle des expressionnistes allemands. D'où la tentation et la tentative de faire l'amalgame entre des thèmes apparemment très proches les uns des autres par le biais d'une dramaturgie résolument moderniste, qui prétend se situer au-delà de tout clivage idéologique, en se fondant sur l'abstraction et l'indétermination.
Plus que de révolution, il est ici question de révolte, à l'image du théâtre expressionniste et de l'avant-garde moderniste dans son ensemble.
Travail des femmes et transformations des classes moyennes
Authors: Pauwels Marie-Christine 
Published: October 2015

In the perspective of the evolution of the American middle class this study of women in the workforce stresses two major points :
1. For a majority of American households nowadays, middle class status can no longer be claimed when only the husband works. The rise in average household income in the 1980s can only be accounted for by the increasing participation of wives in the workforce.
2. Inequalities are on the rise within the female population. The gap between highly qualified women holding top-notch jobs and the — increasingly female — underclass is widening.
L’administration Carter et la Corne de l’Afrique : anatomie d’un renversement d’alliances américano-soviétiques.
Authors: Cizel Annick 
Published: October 2015

Faced with an ever-expanding Soviet and Cuban sphere of influence on the African continent, the Carter Administration could not but place the 1977 Somali invasion of the Ethiopian province of the Ogaden on its Cold War agenda.
Beyond the specific evolutions and revolutions inherent to the Horn of Africa, Jimmy Carter's foreign policy experts extended their advice across the entire political spectrum, from devout isolationist creeds to an all-out globalist interventionism, and finally spurred a reversal of alliances which took the Ogaden desert by storm.
Énoncer l’Amérique : les langues fantômes du polar
Authors: Tadié Benoît 
Published: October 2015

Noir fiction embodies the myth of a pure, indigenous and autonomous American language. In order to show the most obvious aspects of this myth, I have chosen to deal with three types of eccentric texts : the translations of the Série noire (which played a great part in the definition of the genre as a whole), the French «fake translations » of American crime fiction in the late 40 's (these were in fact original novels written by French writers using American pseudonyms), and the «Americanized » novels of the British writer Peter Cheyney, which are striking for their incoherent and hyperbolic brand of pseudo-American slang.
These texts highlight a form of linguistic romance, projection the vision of a mythical American language. My contention is that such a vision is also an essential element of indigenous American crime fiction, one which links the genre as a whole to the important tradition of American linguistic nationalism running from the foundation of the United States to the present day.
Effect of doxycycline on contra lateral canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Sung J. , Barry J. , Hayashi K. , Edwards M. R. , von Pfeil D. J. F. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryObjective: To evaluate whether doxycycline administered to dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament rupture (Uni-CCLR) would decrease the risk of contralateral-CCLR (CoCCLR). To evaluate predictors for Co-CCLR survival. To evaluate if a predisposition of Labrador Retrievers to Co-CCLR exists when compared to other breeds.Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled clinical trial, 69 client-owned dogs with Uni-CCLR were randomly assigned to a doxycycline (group-D: 7.5 mg/kg PO BID x 6 weeks) or non-doxycycline (group-ND: negative control). Medical and imaging data, time from Uni- to Co-CCLR and to follow-up were recorded. Statistics included chi-squared test, logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log rank test, survival curves, and frailty model (p <0.05).Results: This study included 32 dogs in group-D, and 37 dogs in group-ND. Median follow-up was 54.5 and 61 months, respectively. Contralateral CCLR occurred in 53.1% and 48.6% at medians of 20 and 11 months, respectively. Doxycycline did not significantly decrease the risk of Co-CCLR (p = 0.83). This risk was decreased by 14.2% with each year of age but increased with each increasing kilogram of body weight and each increasing degree of tibial plateau angle by 5.4% and 9.7%, respectively. Labrador Retrievers were not significantly predisposed (p = 0.37).Clinical significance: At the dose regimen investigated doxycycline does not decrease the risk for Co-CCLR.
Locking compression plate stabilization of 20 distal radial and ulnar fractures in toy and miniature breed dogs
Authors: Ragetly G. R. , Boudrieau R. J. , Gibert S. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryObjective: To evaluate retrospectively the effectiveness of the Locking Compression Plate® (LCP), in the form of either a straight or notched head T-plate, for the treatment of fractures of the distal radius and ulna in a series of 20 toy and miniature breed dogs.Methods: The medical records of toy and miniature breed dogs (<6 kg), greater than six months of age, with fractures of the distal radius and ulna from two veterinary hospitals were reviewed. The inclusion criteria included: fractures of the distal 1/3 of the radius and ulna and repair with open reduction and internal fixation utilizing an LCP (straight or notched head T-plate).Results: Twenty fractures (20 dogs) satisfied the inclusion criteria; eight straight and 12 notched head T-plates were used, either 2.0 mm (n = 13) or 2.4 mm (n = 7). Hybrid fixation was performed in all dogs in one or both fragments. Mean time to radiographic union was 6.9 ± 2.5 weeks (range: 4–12 weeks) in 18/20 dogs with radiographic follow-up. One complication was observed: infection that resolved with antibiotic medication and implant removal. No other major complications occurred by the time of last follow-up. In all cases (mean follow-up: 15 ± 7 months), the reported limb function as evaluated by the referring veterinarian or owner was excellent.Clinical significance: The LCP, used as a hybrid construct for the treatment of distal radial and ulnar fractures was shown to yield excellent clinical results with both uncomplicated healing and excellent functional outcomes in this series of toy and miniature breed dogs.
Hydroxychloroquine Blood Levels in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Clarifying Dosing Controversies and Improving Adherence
Authors: Durcan Laura , Clarke William A. , Magder Laurence S. , Petri Michelle 
Published: October 2015

Objective.Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is used for its effect on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity and longterm benefits. This can be limited by adherence. One way to assess adherence is to measure blood levels. Conflicting data exist regarding blood levels and disease activity. There is disagreement about dosing; rheumatologists recommend weight-based dosing while some other specialists advocate height-based “ideal body weight” dosing.Methods.Patients were prescribed HCQ not exceeding 6.5 mg/kg (max 400 mg/day). In hemodialysis, the dose was 200 mg after each session, and in renal insufficiency it was 200 mg/day. Levels were measured at each visit with a therapeutic range of 500–2000 ng/ml. Patients were divided according to baseline blood level. To assess the effect of measurement and counseling on adherence, we compared the proportion of patients with a level of 500 ng/ml or higher based on the number of prior assessments.Results.The proportion of patients with HCQ levels in the therapeutic range differed significantly by age, sex, and Vitamin D level. There was a trend toward lower levels with renal failure. Blood levels were similar regardless of height and ideal body weight. Comparing those with undetectable, subtherapeutic, and therapeutic levels, disease activity decreased (SLE Disease Activity Index 2.92, 2.36, and 2.20, p = 0.04 for trend). At first, 56% were therapeutic, and by the third measurement this increased to 80% (p ≤ 0.0001).Conclusion.There was a trend toward higher disease activity with lower HCQ levels. Renal failure dosing led to suboptimum levels. We show that weight-based dosing (max 400 mg daily) is appropriate and that height does not appear to influence levels. Measurement, counseling, and repeated testing can increase adherence rates.