bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on Mechanical Properties of CNT Reinforced Carbon/Carbon Composites under Environment Aging Effects
Authors: Shen Ming-Yuan , Li Yi-Luen , Su Huang-Suo , Chiang Chin-Lung , Hsiao Yao- Kuei , Sung Ming- Hsien , Yip Ming-Chuen 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTCarbon/carbon composites (C/C composites) possess superior characteristics of low density, high strength, extremely low coefficient of thermal expansion, high fatigue resistance. In carbonization process, the high temperature pyrolysis made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other elements, results in a lot of voids and cavities generated in the interior of C/C composites. Therefore, the C/C composites are densified to fill the void by using repeated impregnation. But densification is a time-wasting and complex process, which increases production costs in the manufacturing process.In this study, the Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWNTs) were adopted as reinforcement material for C/C composites to reduce the existence of voids or cavities and enhance the mechanical properties of C/C composites under environment aging effects. Three different temperature with high moisture conditions are used to be tested, including high temperature (150°C/ 90%RH), room temperature (25°C/90%RH), and low temperature (-15°C/90%RH) to analyze the mechanical properties of C/C composites, such as flexural and Interlaminar Shear Strength (ILSS).
Graphene Terahertz Lasers: Injection versus Optical Pumping
Authors: Otsuji Taiichi , Satou Akira , Ryzhii Maxim , Mitin Vladimir , Ryzhii Victor 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper we demonstrate that graphene is one of the best materials for new types of terahertz lasers as optical and/or injection pumping of graphene can exhibit negative-dynamic conductivity in the terahertz spectral range. We analyze the formation of nonequilibrium states in optically pumped graphene layers and in forward-biased graphene structures with lateral p-i-n junctions and consider the conditions of population inversion and lasing. The latter provides a significant advantage of the injection pumping in realization of graphene terahertz lasers. We benchmark graphene as a prospective material for injection-type terahertz lasers.
Effect of SWCNT Dilution on the Resistivity of MgB2
Authors: Ma Danhao , Jayasingha Ruwantha , Hess Dustin , Adu Kofi W. , Sumanasekera Gamini U. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe report an increase in superconducting temperature of magnesium diboride (MgB2) by minute single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) inclusions. The SWCNTs concentration was varied from 0.1wt% to 1.0wt%. The temperature dependence resistivity of sintered MgB2- SWCNTs composites containing 0.1wt%, 0.5wt% and 1.0wt% were measured and compared with that of the pure MgB2. The superconducting critical temperature (Tc) of the MgB2 increased from 40 K to as high as 42.4 K for the MgB2 containing 0.5wt% of SWCNTs. The room temperature resistivity ratio (RRR) shows dependence on the sample composition. The temperature width (ΔT) decreases with increasing SWCNT content from 0.1wt% to 1.0wt%. The normal state resistivity data were fitted with the generalized Block-Grüneisen function obtaining a Debye temperature of ∼ 900K.
Growth of silicon nanowires-based heterostructures and their plasmonic modeling
Authors: Li Yuan , Shi Wenwu , Dykes John C. , Chopra Nitin 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTComplex nanoscale architectures based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can result in spatially-resolved plasmonics. Herein, we demonstrate the growth of silicon nanowires (SiNWs), heterostructures of SiNWs decorated with AuNPs, and SiNWs decorated with graphene shells encapsulated gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The fabrication approach combined CVD growth of nanowires and graphene with direct nucleation of AuNPs. The plasmonic or optical properties of SiNWs and their complex heterostructures were simulated using discrete dipole approximation method. Extinction efficiency spectra peak for SiNW significantly red-shifted (from 512 nm to 597 nm or 674 nm) after decoration with AuNPs, irrespective of the incident wave vector. Finally, SiNW decorated with GNPs resulted in incident wave vector-dependent extinction efficiency peak. For this case, wave vector aligned with the nanowire axial direction showed a broad peak at ∼535 nm. However, significant scattering and no peak was observed when aligned in radial direction of the SiNWs. Such spatially-resolved and tunable plasmonic or optical properties of nanoscale heterostructures hold strong potential for optical sensor and devices.
Conductive and Sensing Performance of PVA and PEDOT/PSS Blended Fiber
Authors: Miura Hiroaki , Omori Akio , Takizawa Junko , Kimura Mutsumi 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we developed textile-based sensors for measuring vital signs. We fabricated conductive fiber made from organic conjugated polymers without the use of inorganic materials. While the tensile strength of pure poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/poly-4-styrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT/PSS) fiber was low, it was unsuitable to fabricate textile-based devices. To avoid this drawback, we examined the composite fibers composed of PEDOT/PSS and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to obtain good mechanical properties as well as a high electronic conductivity. PVA was used as a matrix component to connect colloidal PEDOT/PSS particles within the fibers. We succeeded continuous and uniform spinning from the mixed solution of PEDOT/PSS and PVA through the modified wet spinning process. Tensile strength of the composite fiber increased to twice that consisted only of PEDOT/PSS. In addition, the electric conductivity increased about three times by the combination with PVA. Textiles made of conductive fibers behaved as flexible electrodes for the detection of heartbeat.
Optical and Structural Characterization of Li-doped CdS Nanoparticles
Authors: Sandoval U. , Torres M. E. Hernández , Jimenez J. M. Gracia , González N. R. Silva 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTCdS:Li nanoparticles were grown by the thermolysis method using a surfactant to control the nanoparticles growth and the passivity of the dangling bonds. The effect of the Li incorporation on the optical and structural properties of the CdS nanoparticles was studied by means of the optical transmission, photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction and HR-SEM&TEM techniques. The optical energy band gap lies in the interval from 2.7 to 3.6 eV. The photoluminescence spectra present a band with peak at 465 nm, which is indicative of the quantum confinement. The energy peak position (465 nm) is blue-shifted respect to the bulk material (512 nm). Then, one can infer that the energy band gap and the peak intensity vary according to the nominal lithium concentration in the growth solution. An average crystallite size of about 5 nm was estimated by the Brus equation and the Debye-Scherrer formula, and confirm by HR-SEM&TEM measurements.
Automatic Determination of Tight-Binding Parameters in Bulk Systems
Authors: Ohtani Yasuaki , Fujiwara Takeo , Nishino Shinya , Suzuki Takashi , Yamamoto Susumu , Zempo Yasunari 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTWe have studied a procedure to determine Tight-Binding (TB) parameters automatically, by which the band structure of the crystalline solid can be reproduced so as to be good agreement with that of first-principles molecular dynamics calculation. According to this procedure, we determine TB parameter sets for silicon and diamond accurately, and a fairly good set for their compound SiC.
Development of high k/III-V (InGaAs, InAs, InSb) structures for future low power, high speed device applications
Authors: Chang Edward Yi , Trinh Hai-Dang , Lin Yueh-Chin , Iwai Hiroshi , Lin Yen-Ku 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIII-V compounds such as InGaAs, InAs, InSb have great potential for future low power high speed devices (such as MOSFETs, QWFETs, TFETs and NWFETs) application due to their high carrier mobility and drift velocity. The development of good quality high k gate oxide as well as high k/III-V interfaces is prerequisite to realize high performance working devices. Besides, the downscaling of the gate oxide into sub-nanometer while maintaining appropriate low gate leakage current is also needed. The lack of high quality III-V native oxides has obstructed the development of implementing III-V based devices on Si template. In this presentation, we will discuss our efforts to improve high k/III-V interfaces as well as high k oxide quality by using chemical cleaning methods including chemical solutions, precursors and high temperature gas treatments. The electrical properties of high k/InSb, InGaAs, InSb structures and their dependence on the thermal processes are also discussed. Finally, we will present the downscaling of the gate oxide into sub-nanometer scale while maintaining low leakage current and a good high k/III-V interface quality.
Long‐term Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization on Perennial Ryegrass Turf
Authors: Ebdon J. S. , DaCosta M. , Spargo J. , Dest W. M. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTResearch on the effects of potassium (K) fertilization on turfgrass growth and its relationship to tissue K and soil K have been inconsistent due to the many factors affecting tissue K such as nitrogen (N) fertilization. This 5‐yr study was initiated in 2004 to better understand N (as urea) and K (as K2SO4) effects on soil and plant response of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. ‘Brightstar’). A field study was conducted to evaluate five rate levels of N (49, 147, 245, 343, or 441 kg ha−1 yr−1) with three rate levels of K (49, 245, or 441 kg ha−1 yr−1). Clipping yield (CY), leaf tissue K, soil pH, rooting (in 2004 and 2005 only), and soil K were assessed in spring of each year. Leaf K and soil K increased linearly with K applied, whereas leaf K and CY regression slopes with soil K increased with greater N applied. Leaf K and CY increased linearly with N, whereas rooting, soil pH, and soil K decreased linearly with increased N. Rooting was inversely related to CY. Luxury consumption of K was observed in the latter years of the test (2006) at N rates of 245 kg N ha−1 yr−1 and lower. The strength of the regression (r2) and covariation between CY and leaf K increased with N rate and decreased with year of the test. There were no observed changes in shoot and root growth in response to K fertilization even at low soil test K levels (50 mg kg−1).
Identifying High Yielding, Stable Chickpea Genotypes for Spring Sowing: Specific Adaptation to Locations and Sowing Seasons in the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Imtiaz Muhammad , Malhotra Rajinder Singh , Singh Murari , Arslan Suhaila 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTSuperior genotypes are needed to give farmers a choice of improved cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) suitable for traditional spring sowing. From 1997 to 2010, 68 experiments comprising 404 elite chickpea lines were conducted for two seasons per year (spring and winter) at two locations—Tel Hadya, Syria (TH), and Terbol, Lebanon (TR). Genotypic differences were significant (P < 0.05) in 65 of 68 experiments. Genotype × season interaction was more important than the genotype × location. The predicted means in the two growing seasons were significantly correlated, implying the possibility of conducting yield trials in only one of the seasons, such as at TH. Stability analyses showed that S95082 (FLIP95‐78C), with a predicted yield of 1725 kg ha−1, was the top yielding genotype at the TH spring sowing, with a temporal stability rank of 14. The line S95419 ranked second for yield (1633 kg ha−1) followed by S95335 (FLIP95‐147C) with the spring yield at TH of 1583 kg ha−1. The genotype main effect plus genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot analyses showed that the FLIP95‐78C and S95335 genotypes were high yielding at TH while FLIP98‐91C and FLIP98‐162C did better at TR in both seasons. Three lines, FLIP01‐06C, FLIP01‐30C, and FLIP01‐49C, having high yields across locations and seasons and being tolerant to drought, were identified for dual season sowing. The findings show the potential to improve chickpea for spring sowing. The ICARDA breeding program is enriching the germplasm base with elite chickpea genotypes benefiting regional and international chickpea improvement programs.
A Flexible, Low‐Cost Cart for Proximal Sensing
Authors: White Jeffrey W. , Conley Matthew M. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIncreasing interest in deploying multiple types of sensing instruments for agricultural plot‐level observations has created a need for simple, high‐clearance vehicles that can be easily maneuvered through crops while minimizing damage due to wheel traffic. We describe a simple cart built from a 2‐m‐wide by 1.2‐m‐long steel frame that was welded onto two bicycle frames at a height providing 1 m of vertical clearance. Instruments such as radiometers and infrared thermometers are attached to the frame via arms that are secured with U‐bolts. A large, horizontal surface allows mounting data loggers, batteries, or computers. The cart is easily maneuvered by one person on level ground or by two persons on terrain with furrows, berms, or other obstacles. Design sketches and lists of materials are provided in an electronic supplement. The basic design is readily modifiable for different interrow spacings and sensor positions.
Thermoelasticity of thin shells based on the time-fractional heat conduction equation
Authors: Povstenko Yuriy 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe time-nonlocal generalizations of Fourier’s law are analyzed and the equations of the generalized thermoelasticity based on the time-fractional heat conduction equation with the Caputo fractional derivative of order 0 < α ≤ 2 are presented. The equations of thermoelasticity of thin shells are obtained under the assumption of linear dependence of temperature on the coordinate normal to the median surface of a shell. The conditions of Newton’s convective heat exchange between a shell and the environment have been assumed. In the particular case of classical heat conduction (α = 1) the obtained equations coincide with those known in the literature.
A multi-analytical approach to amber characterisation
Authors: Truică Georgiana , Ditaranto Nicoletta , Caggiani Maria , Mangone Annarosa , Liţescu Simona , Teodor Eugenia , Sabbatini Luigia , Radu Gabriel 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIncreased need for non-destructive investigation methods in archaeology has become a major issue since sampling is in most cases restricted in view of the importance or uniqueness of the objects. For this reason, preliminary investigation using non-destructive techniques was performed on five samples of amber beads obtained from different excavation and archaeological sites. The use of FTIR and micro-Raman analysis revealed the presence of carboxyl, peroxide, hydroxyl, and complex ester functional groups as well as single and double bonds in the structure of the studied resin varieties. Further analysis of the amber samples from both archaeological and geological types by XPS, XRF, and SEM showed the presence of sulfur and a wide range of trace elements on the surface of the analysed samples. Our results proved that the combination of structural-molecular and surface elemental techniques for amber characterisation provides a very useful and simple methodology for the description of geological and archaeological amber samples from different regions of Europe.
(Dé)classer la “médecine populaire” en Suisse: de la suspicion de charlatanisme à la reconnaissance patrimoniale
Authors: Perrin Julie 
Published: June 2013

En caractérisant le patrimoine culturel immatériel (PCI) comme « creuset de la diversité culturelle », l’UNESCO a démontré sa volonté de reconnaître les pratiques culturelles marginalisées. Cependant, le processus d’identification mené par les Etats parties dans le cadre de la Convention 2003 tend à exclure certaines expressions du PCI. Dans le contexte de son implémentation suisse, cette étude examine la patrimonialisation de pratiques liées à la “médecine populaire”. S’appuyant sur une enquête ethnographique, elle rend compte de la trajectoire sociohistorique de cette catégorie et de la manière dont la fabrique du patrimoine implique divers ajustements de ces pratiques. Ces ajustements les adaptent aux standards internationaux et les incorporent aux représentations culturelles hégémoniques. L’étude conclut que la requalification de ces pratiques dans une logique patrimoniale prend en considération le système formel de santé et reproduit les hiérarchies médicales.
Les Grateful Dead et Friedrich Nietzsche : transformation de la musique, transformation de la conscience
Authors: Spector Stanley J. 
Published: June 2013

Plus que tout autre groupe de San Francisco au milieu des années 1960, les Grateful Dead représentent la quintessence du rock psychédélique. Dans cet article, j’analyse la manière dont leur type d’improvisation, qu’on a appelé « jamming » – quoiqu’il incorpore des techniques typiques du jazz – se révèle être une transformation des façons de jouer de la musique. Ce style amena le groupe à composer un nouveau genre de musique, le rock psychédélique. Un changement dans la conscience sous-tend cette mutation du jeu et de la composition, auquel correspond un changement ontologique qui est l’un des traits distinctifs de la contre-culture des années 1960.
The IL-33/ST2 Pathway Controls Coxsackievirus B5–Induced Experimental Pancreatitis
Authors: Sesti-Costa Renata , Silva Grace K. , Proença-Módena José L. , Carlos Daniela , Silva Maria L. , Alves-Filho José C. , Arruda Eurico , Liew Foo Y. , Silva João S. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Coxsackievirus B (CVB) is a common cause of acute and chronic infectious myocarditis and pancreatitis. Th1 cells producing IFN-γ and TNF-α are important for CVB clearance, but they are also associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory lesions, suggesting that the modulation of Th1 and Th2 balance is likely important in controlling CVB-induced pancreatitis. We investigated the role of IL-33, which is an important recently discovered cytokine for induction of Th2-associated responses, in experimental CVB5 infection. We found that mice deficient in IL-33R, T1/ST2, significantly developed more severe pancreatitis, had greater weight loss, and contained higher viral load compared with wild-type (WT) mice when infected with CVB5. Conversely, WT mice treated with rIL-33 developed significantly lower viral titers, and pancreatitis was attenuated. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that IL-33 enhances the degranulation and production of IFN-γ and TNF-α by CD8+ T and NK cells, which is associated with viral clearance. Furthermore, IL-33 triggers the production of IL-4 from mast cells, which results in enhanced differentiation of M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells, leading to the attenuation of inflammatory pancreatitis. Adoptively transferred mast cells or M2 macrophages reversed the heightened pancreatitis in the T1/ST2−/− mice. In contrast, inhibition of regulatory T cells exacerbated the disease in WT mice. Together, our findings reveal an unrecognized IL-33/ST2 functional pathway and a key mechanism for CVB5-induced pancreatitis. These data further suggest a novel approach in treating virus-induced pancreatitis, which is a major medical condition with unmet clinical needs.
Cutting Edge: Inhaled Antigen Upregulates Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase in Lung CD103+ but Not Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells To Induce Foxp3 De Novo in CD4+ T Cells and Promote Airway Tolerance
Authors: Khare Anupriya , Krishnamoorthy Nandini , Oriss Timothy B. , Fei Mingjian , Ray Prabir , Ray Anuradha 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)–T cell interactions that underlie inducible/adaptive regulatory T cell generation and airway tolerance are not well understood. In this study, we show that mice lacking CD11chi lung DCs, but containing plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), fail tolerization with inhaled Ag and cannot support Foxp3 induction in vivo in naive CD4+ T cells. CD103+ DCs from tolerized mice efficiently induced Foxp3 in cocultured naive CD4+ T cells but pDCs and lung macrophages failed to do so. CD103+ DCs, but not pDCs or lung macrophages, upregulated the expression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (aldh1a2), which is key for the production of retinoic acid, a cofactor for TGF-β for Foxp3 induction. Batf3−/− mice, selectively lacking CD103+ DCs, failed tolerization by inhaled Ag. Collectively, our data show that pulmonary tolerance is dependent on CD103+ DCs, correlating with their ability to upregulate aldh1a2, which can promote Foxp3 expression in T cells.
OrbitalL-functions for the Space of Binary Cubic Forms
Authors: Taniguchi Takashi , Thorne Frank 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe introduce the notion of orbital L-functions for the space of binary cubic forms and investigate their analytic properties. We study their functional equations and residue formulas in some detail. Aside from their intrinsic interest, the results from this paper are used to prove the existence of secondary terms in counting functions for cubic fields. This is worked out in a companion paper.
Carcass morphology and meat quality from roosters slaughtered at eight months affected by genotype and finishing feeding
Authors: Franco D. , Rois D. , Vazquez J. A. , Lorenzo-Rodriguez J. M. 
Published: June 2013

The aim of this study was to describe the carcass characteristics and the meat quality of the roosters from the autochthonous Mos breed slaughtered at 8 months. With comparative purpose roosters from hybrid line Sasso T44 were used in this study. Birds were reared on their typical production system (extensive indoor or barns and finishing diet whit corn). Both live and carcass weight were higher for commercial breed (p<0.001). Drumstick, thigh and wing percentages were greater in Mos breed than in Sasso T-44, while breast was similar for both genotypes. Only significant differences in cholesterol and alpha-tocopherol content between genotypes have been found, whereas finishing feeding treatment had effect on moisture, intramuscular fat content, cholesterol, tocopherol isomers and meat yellowness. Unsaturated fatty acids constituted the main contribution to total amount of fatty acid (FA), where monounsaturated oleic acid was the major compound, and found higher concentrations in commercial breed. Mos breed showed higher amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lower amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) than Sasso T-44. The relation PUFA/SFA was above 0.68 for Mos breed and was slightly lower for the other genotype. In conclusion, the carcass morphology and meat quality was influenced by breed and finishing feeding with corn.