bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foam-mat drying of black soldier fly larvae: optimisation of foaming, drying kinetics, and powder characteristics
Authors: Ruiz-Barreto F.I. , Bazán-Colque R.J. , Lozano-Vásquez D. , Ramı́rez Ascheri J.L. , Jacintho Barbosa M.I.M. , Barbosa Junior J.L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Desirable conditions for foaming, drying kinetics, and characteristics of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) powders were studied. Pre-pupal BSFL was fractionated under wet conditions. A pasty liquid, free of fibrous material, was used and adjusted to a moisture content suitable (88%) for foaming. The influence of emustab (: 1-2 g/100 g), maltodextrin (: 3-5 g/100 g), and whipping time (: 9-15 min) on the BSFL foam properties were analysed according to a central composite design (23) with added axials. Optimal conditions for foam preparation (: 1.5 g/100 g, : 4 g/100 g, and : 15 min) revealed excellent foam properties (density: 409.69 kg/m3, stability: 72.49%, porosity: 60.51%, and overrun: 153.64%). For the drying process, foamed (optimum conditions) and liquid (no additives) samples were compared at different temperatures (40, 60, and 80 °C) to determine the drying kinetics and powder quality. For kinetic modelling, five mathematical expressions were fitted to the experimental data. The Newton, Henderson & Pabis, Page, Logarithmic, and Midilli models were adequate () to represent the drying kinetics of the BSFL foams and liquids. However, the mathematical models that best described the kinetic curves were those proposed by Midilli and Page ( and ). In addition, foam dried at 60 °C exhibited excellent powder quality characteristics. Thus, this study provides new alternatives to process protein-rich food and feed (above 54.82%) in short periods with positive economic, social, and environmental impacts.
Impact of the Understanding by Design Model on the Science Academic Achievement of Fifth Grade Students in Pakistan
Authors: Aslam Anam , Ahamd Sagheer , Siller Hans-Stefan , Nasreen Abida 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Science education is crucial for fostering knowledge across academic disciplines. Past efforts to enhance science achievement at the elementary level have explored various instructional strategies. Among these, the Understanding by Design (UbD) model has shown notable potential in improving science achievement outcomes compared to traditional methods. This quasi-experimental study investigates the impact of the UbD model on the science achievement of fifth-grade students in Pakistan. Using a pretest-posttest design, students were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group. The academic achievement science test (AAST) was administered to measure outcomes. Data analysis, incorporating independent sample t-tests and mixed between-within subject ANOVA, indicated that the UbD model significantly improved science achievement over conventional teaching methods. These findings underscore the effectiveness of UbD in science education and highlight the importance of innovative pedagogical strategies for promoting academic success among elementary students. Implications and future research directions are suggested.
The Safed Genizah: Buried Manuscripts and Kabbalistic Philology in Seventeenth-Century Palestine
Authors: Stillman Avinoam J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Many Jewish communities around the world have maintained a special site, known as a genizah, for discarding written materials. This article focuses on the genizah of the town of Safed in the Galilee. At the end of the sixteenth century, the Safed Genizah preserved Hebrew manuscripts written by Ḥayyim Vital (d. 1620), foremost student of the influential kabbalist Yitsḥaḳ Luria (d. 1572). These manuscripts were excavated and edited in the mid-seventeenth century and became authoritative texts in the history of Jewish esotericism. My study describes Vital’s burial of his manuscripts and the editorial efforts of the Jewish scholars who followed him, particularly Avraham Azulai (d. 1643) in Hebron and Ya‘akov Tsemaḥ (d. 1666) and his fellowship in Jerusalem. Through analysis of their rhetoric and scribal practices, I explore the ethical, philological, and material aspects of this chapter in the pre-history of Genizah research.
Made in China: Chinese Re-Conceptualization of the Ideal of Judicial Independence (1906–1937)
Authors: Chen Guanhong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Judicial independence has always been an important theme of China’s judicial reforms, both historically and in recent years. This article sheds light on how Chinese elites and intellectuals created a unique concept of judicial independence in the context of early twentieth-century China, seeking to trace the historical roots of the ongoing judicial reform in the People’s Republic. This uniqueness was characterized by three features: the heterogeneity within the Chinese conception of judicial independence, the reinterpretation of judicial independence into a tool for reinforcing China’s sovereignty, and the applauded control over courts and judges. These features resulted from the inherent tension within China’s pursuit of a modern state. By examining the early discourse and reform efforts, this paper not only highlights the historical struggles for judicial independence, but also, it contributes to understanding contemporary China’s distinctive path in judicial modernization, deviating from liberal constitutionalism.
Comparative and International Education: Reflecting on Extractivismo, Epistemic Genocide, and Theoretical Colonialism
Authors: Cossa José 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article argues that, if Comparative and International Education can be understood as the application of theories and methods in the social sciences and humanities to study education globally, how the field chooses to explain reality (theories) and to study reality (methods) is crucial and must be understood in the historical-social context of its existence. Therefore, a re-historicizing and decolonializing (that is, beyond decolonizing) of the field is indispensable yet presents a challenge that requires our reflection and reflexivity on what it means to re-historicize, decolonialize, and educate. The article discusses the place of Africa in the field; places modernity as the field’s cosmological and theoretical inheritance; and argues for the need to reflect on the role of philosophy, theory, and methodology to abandon the practices of extractivismo, theoretical colonialism, and attempts at epistemological genocide. The article issues a call to action through the poem, Ode to My Academic Field.
Objectivity, Criticism and Dialogue
Authors: Kemp Stephen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article critically evaluates the idea that the division between objectivity and subjectivity can illuminate the relationship between social scientific and lay perspectives on the social world. It examines a conceptualization which associates objectivity with a grasp of the features of the object of investigation and associates subjectivity with the potential for lay actors to suffer from misapprehensions. The article explores how this division is used in critical social science, such that the critical perspective of the sociologist is seen as objective, whereas the perspectives of lay actors are seen as subjective and always potentially problematic. The article explores Michael Burawoy’s analysis of objectivity and subjectivity within the context of a critical social scientific appraisal of the labour process. Contrary to Burawoy’s approach, this article postulates that a meaningful dialogue between sociologists and lay actors can only be achieved if the objectivity of social scientific accounts is not assumed.
Portugal and the Development of the Law of the Sea in Western Europe
Authors: Churchill Robin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article examines Portugal’s role in the development of the law of the sea in Western Europe between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries. It argues that the Portuguese voyages of discovery in the fifteenth century, which led to a near century-long Portuguese monopoly of the lucrative spice trade between the East Indies and Europe, were the catalyst for that development. When the Dutch East India Company challenged Portugal’s monopoly at the beginning of the seventeenth century, it commissioned Grotius to justify its position, which he did in his most famous work, Mare Liberum. From the ensuing ‘battle of the books’ between Grotius and his critics, including the Portuguese scholar, Seraphim de Freitas, the regimes of the territorial sea and high seas were eventually forged and later codified in the 1958 Geneva Conventions on the law of the sea.
Two New Species of Melucha Amyot and Serville, 1843 from French Guiana (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Nematopodini), with a Revised Key to the Species
Authors: BRAILOVSKY HARRY 
Published: July 2024

Two new species of Melucha Amyot and Serville, 1843 collected in French Guiana are described: M. edictum new species and M. flatilis new species. Dorsal photographs are provided as well as photos of male genital capsules and parameres where available. A key to the 15 known species is included.
Inequitable access to mental healthcare for socially excluded adolescents
Authors: Filia Kate , Teo Shu Mei , Brennan Naheen , Freeburn Tamara , Baker David , Browne Vivienne , Ziou Myriam , Menssink Jana , Watson Amity , Brown Ellie , Prasad Alesha , Killackey Eóin , McGorry Patrick D , Rickwood Debra , Cotton Sue M , X Gao Caroline 
Published: July 2024

Background: Adolescence is a critical period for mental health and social exclusion, a key social determinant of mental health. Early intervention approaches are key to mitigating the impact of mental ill-health during adolescence, however social exclusion can create additional barriers to accessing care. Aim: We aimed to better understand help-seeking experiences of adolescents facing co-occurring social exclusion and mental ill-health, including sources of support, barriers and preferences for service provision. Method: Cross-sectional data were analysed, from the 2022 Mission Australia Youth Survey ( N = 18,800). Adolescents aged 15 to 19 years were recruited from around Australia, through schools, community organisations and digital platforms. Indices of four domains of social exclusion (housing, finances, relational and education/employment) were created using existing Youth Survey variables, and supplemented with demographic characteristics, psychological distress and help-seeking behaviours (perceived need, mental health supports, barriers to access and preferences). Relationships between social exclusion domains, mental health concerns and help-seeking behaviours were explored using logistic regression models. Results: A total of 9,743 young people reported having needed mental health support, yet only 58.1% reportedly sought support ( n = 5,565). Social exclusion domains were associated with different help-seeking behaviours: housing challenges with higher help-seeking (OR = 1.28; 95% CI [1.15, 1.42]); relational difficulties and edu-employment issues with lower (OR = 0.75; 95% CI [0.68, 0.83] and OR = 0.82; 95% CI [0.75, 0.89]). Stigma, confidentiality concerns, cost and not knowing where to seek help were common barriers to help-seeking; those experiencing social exclusion more likely to report these. Participants reported a strong preference for face-to-face support. Conclusions: This study highlights the additional needs and challenges faced by adolescents dealing with both social exclusion and mental ill-health. With greater barriers to help-seeking, concerted efforts are needed to reduce stigma, improve mental health literacy and increase access to trusted information sources. Further initiatives should focus on structural factors that socially exclude young people and exacerbate inequitable access to mental healthcare.
Fair space for life: A dynamic care monitor working up to growth and flourishing for all
Authors: Everdingen Coline van , Peerenboom Peter Bob , Giessen Irene van de , Velden Koos van der , Delespaul Philippe 
Published: July 2024

Background: Mental health disparities persistently cause inequity and social exclusion. Extensive research underpins the need to embrace the social determinants of health and facilitate network learning at various ecosystem levels. Despite valuable quality frameworks and ratified conventions, local practices which counter health inequity are scarce. Methods: The Dutch HOP-TR study collected health and needs of Homeless Service Users (HSU) in a rights-based, transdiagnostic, recovery framework. We assessed the survival modes and conducted a socio-ecological analysis, exploring what happened in care pathways at three ecosystem levels: individual HSU, caregiver networks, society. While documenting vital conditions for growth and citizenship, we explore major opportunities to develop ‘fair space for life’. Results: Under low distress levels, prosocial behavior is prominent (32.9%). High distress levels are found with an avoidant (42.0%) or aggressive mode (24.9%). Rising distress levels give more frictions in relations, psychiatric admissions, and police-justice contacts. The distress-induced descent in the social hierarchy causes social withdrawal, alienation, and marginalization. At society level, fair conditions for growth and citizenship are challenged by the cumulative impact of distress over the HSU’ lives. Discussion: This care monitor uncovers the impact of distress on caregiver interactions. The care pathways reveal that the survival strategies reflect a systematic, pervasive neglect. Unfair representations hold HSU personally responsible of their situation, disregarding the cumulative impact of environmental conditions over their lives. The diverse sources of unfairness are intrinsic to the health care system and culture. Therefore, the survival modes ask for profound culture transformations in a whole-system-whole-society approach. Conclusion: Given the need for action on health equity and the social determinants of health, this paper provides an example of a dynamic care monitor. The actionable data elicit dialogs and stimulate to enrich opportunities for inclusion and growth in communities and societies.
Navigating Racialized Administrative Burdens in Teacher Licensure and Certification
Authors: Castro Andrene J. , Traylor Taryn Goodwin 
Published: July 2024

Background and Context: Teacher licensure and certification are complex processes that aim to establish standards of teacher quality by regulating entry into the profession. However, many teachers of color experience barriers when navigating licensure and certification. Purpose: Using racialized administrative burdens as a theoretical lens to understand such barriers, this study attends to structural biases assembled in ostensibly race-neutral administrative processes within teacher licensure and certification. Research Design: Embedded within a larger project exploring licensure and certification barriers for teachers of color, data for this qualitative study include interviews with 17 teachers of color and two focus group sessions with licensure administrators—four school district personnel and four university-based licensure administrators. Study Conclusions: We identified racialized administrative burdens related to accessing information and resources, financial strains, and other compliance costs, as well as psychological burdens that rendered disempowering effects on teachers’ sense of belonging and persistence. As states consider and implement initiatives to diversify the teacher workforce, this study casts light on the licensure and credentialing process as a policy mechanism to address racialized barriers.
A framework for assessment of adverse events occurring in psychedelic-assisted therapies
Authors: Palitsky Roman , Kaplan Deanna M , Perna John , Bosshardt Zachary , Maples-Keller Jessica L , Levin-Aspenson Holly F , Zarrabi Ali John , Peacock Caroline , Mletzko Tanja , Rothbaum Barbara O , Raison Charles L , Grant George H , Dunlop Boadie W 
Published: July 2024

Objective: Despite considerable research examining the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapies (PATs) for treating psychiatric disorders, assessment of adverse events (AEs) in PAT research has lagged. Current AE reporting standards in PAT trials are poorly calibrated to features of PAT that distinguish it from other treatments, leaving many potential AEs unassessed. Methods: A multidisciplinary working group of experts involved in PAT pooled formally and informally documented AEs observed through research experience and published literature. This information was integrated with (a) current standards and practices for AE reporting in pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy trials and (b) published findings documenting post-acute dosing impacts of psychedelics on subjective states, meaning, and psychosocial health variables, to produce a set of AE constructs important to evaluate in PAT as well as recommended methods and time frames for their assessment and monitoring. Correspondence between identified potential AEs and current standards for AE assessment was examined, including the extent of coverage of identified AE constructs by 25 existing measures used in relevant research. Results: Fifty-four potential AE terms warranting systematized assessment in PAT were identified, defined, and categorized. Existing measures demonstrated substantial gaps in their coverage of identified AE constructs. Recommendations were developed for how to assess PAT AEs (including patient, clinician, and informant reports), and when to assess over preparation, dosing session, integration, and follow-up. Application of this framework is demonstrated in a preliminary assessment protocol (available in the supplement). Conclusions: This assessment framework addresses the need to capture post-acute dosing AEs in PAT, accounting for its pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy components, as well as documented impacts of psychedelics on worldviews and spirituality.
Identifying Decisional Needs for Adult Tracheostomy and Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation Decision Making to Inform Shared Decision-Making Interventions
Authors: Mehta Anuj B. , Lockhart Steven , Lange Allison V. , Matlock Daniel D. , Douglas Ivor S. , Morris Megan A. 
Published: July 2024

Background Decision making for adult tracheostomy and prolonged mechanical ventilation is emotionally complex. Expectations of surrogate decision makers and physicians rarely align. Little is known about what surrogates need to make goal-concordant decisions. Currently, little is known about the decisional needs of surrogates and providers, impeding efforts to improve the decision-making process. Methods Using a thematic analysis approach, we performed a qualitative study with semistructured interviews with surrogates of adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) being considered for tracheostomy and physicians routinely caring for patients receiving MV. Recruitment was stopped when thematic saturation was reached. We describe the decision-making process, identify core decisional needs, and map the process and needs for possible elements of a future shared decision-making tool. Results Forty-three participants (23 surrogates and 20 physicians) completed interviews. Hope, Lack of Knowledge Data, and Uncertainty emerged as the 3 main themes that described the decision-making process and were interconnected with one another and, at times, opposed each other. Core decisional needs included information about patient wishes, past activity/medical history, short- and long-term outcomes, and meaningful recovery. The themes were the lens through which the decisional needs were weighed. Decision making existed as a balance between surrogate emotions and understanding and physician recommendations. Conclusions Tracheostomy and prolonged MV decision making is complex. Hope and Uncertainty were conceptual themes that often battled with one another. Lack of Knowledge & Data plagued both surrogates and physicians. Multiple tangible factors were identified that affected surrogate decision making and physician recommendations. Implications Understanding this complex decision-making process has the potential to improve the information provided to surrogates and, potentially, increase the goal-concordant care and alignment of surrogate and physician expectations. Highlights Decision making for tracheostomy and prolonged mechanical ventilation is a complex interactive process between surrogate decision makers and providers. Qualitative themes of Hope, Uncertainty, and Lack of Knowledge & Data shared by both providers and surrogates were identified and described the decision-making process. Concrete decisional needs of patient wishes, past activity/medical history, short- and long-term outcomes, and meaningful recovery affected each of the larger themes and represented key information from which surrogates and providers based decisions and recommendations. The qualitative themes and decisional needs identified provide a roadmap to design a shared decision-making intervention to improve adult tracheostomy and prolonged mechanical ventilation decision making.
Optic nerve head alterations after COVID-19: an optical coherence tomography angiography-based longitudinal study
Authors: Abrishami Mojtaba , Hassanpour Kiana , Bayat Kia , Hosseini Seyedeh Maryam , Amini Nasibeh , Abrishami Majid , Sayyah Ensan Parham , Heidarzadeh Hamid Reza 
Published: July 2024

Objective To evaluate longitudinal changes in peripapillary vessel density (VD) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using optical coherence tomography angiography. Methods As part of a prospective longitudinal observational study, we studied healthy individuals with a history of mild COVID-19 confirmed via real-time polymerase chain reaction. After recovery, we used the Optovue RTVue XR Avanti machine to perform optic nerve head (ONH) imaging. We also assessed the VD of all vessels and of small vessels in the disc and the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network at 1 and 3 months post-recovery. Results We included 17 patients (34 eyes; mean age: 36.9 ± 10.2 years, range: 24–62 years) who had recovered from COVID-19. No changes were observed in the ONH parameters. However, there was a noticeable trend of increased small vessel VD values in the RPC. These increases were significant for the peripapillary whole, superior hemifield, inferior-temporal, temporal-superior, and superior-temporal small vessels. Moreover, the evaluation of all vessel VD values in the RPC revealed a significant decrease in the inside disc and a significant increase in a grid-based inferior region. Conclusion COVID-19 may affect VD of the RPC in the ONH, and should be considered in ONH evaluations.