bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments Implantation in Patients With Keratoconus: 10-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Torquetti Leonardo , Ferrara Guilherme , Almeida Franklin , Cunha Leandro , Araujo Luana P. N. , Machado Aydano P. , Lyra João Marcelo , Merayo-Lloves Jesús , Ferrara Paulo 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) (Ferrara Ring; AJL, Boecillo, Spain) in patients with keratoconus.

METHODS:
The chart records of 36 eyes of 30 patients with keratoconus implanted with ICRS, operated on between July 1996 and January 2002, were retrospectively reviewed. The following parameters were studied: uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), keratometry (K), and central corneal thickness. The outcomes were evaluated at 5 and 10 years after ICRS implantation.

RESULTS:

The mean UDVA (logMAR) improved from 1.01 ± 0.28 (20/200 Snellen) to 0.71 ± 0.38 (20/100 Snellen) at 5 years (
P
< .05) and 0.67 ± 0.25 (20/90 Snellen) at 10 years (
P
= .735). The mean CDVA (logMAR) improved from 0.45 ± 0.45 (20/55 Snellen) to 0.24 ± 0.19 (20/35 Snellen) at 5 years (
P
< .05) and 0.29 ± 0.09 (20/38 Snellen) at 10 years (
P
= .292). The mean maximum K value decreased from 54.99 ± 6.33 to 50.58 ± 5.11 D at 5 years (
P
< .05) and 50.65 ± 5.17 D at 10 years (
P
= .854). The mean minimum K value decreased from 48.85 ± 5.70 to 46.90 ± 5.08 D at 5 years (
P
< .05) and 47.12 ± 4.22 D at 10 years (
P
= .945). The central corneal thickness decreased from 457.42 ± 58.21 to 421.34 ± 74.12
μ
m at 5 years (
P
= .039) and 434.32 ± 77.65
μ
m at 10 years (
P
= .427).

CONCLUSIONS:
Intrastromal corneal ring segments can effectively improve UDVA and CDVA 10 years after implantation in patients with keratoconus.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(1):22–26.]
Silicone-Diffractive Versus Acrylic-Refractive Supplementary IOLs: Visual Performance and Manual Handling
Authors: Schrecker Jens , Blass Sandra , Langenbucher Achim 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To compare visual outcome and manual handling of additional multifocal sulcus-fixated intraocular lenses (IOLs) of different materials and lens concepts.

METHODS:
Visual outcomes after implantation of a monofocal IOL in the capsular bag followed by implantation of a sulcus-fixated multifocal IOL (MIOL) in patients with cataract were assessed. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either the refractive Sulcoflex 653F (Rayner Surgical GmbH, Bamberg, Germany) (35 eyes) or the diffractive MS 714 PB Diff (Dr. Schmidt Intraocularlinsen GmbH, St. Augustin, Germany) (33 eyes) additional MIOL. Three months postoperatively, visual acuity at far, intermediate, and near distance and contrast sensitivity under different conditions were evaluated. Patients with binocular implantation were asked to rate their subjective quality of vision.

RESULTS:
No complications occurred during or after surgery. No significant differences in uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity at all distances were found between groups. All eyes achieved uncorrected visual acuity of 0.3 logMAR (20/40 Snellen) or better at all distances. Contrast sensitivity was significantly better in the diffractive MS 714 PB Diff group than in the refractive Sulcoflex 653F group under all conditions. The refractive Sulcoflex 653F group experienced more photic phenomena (81%) than the diffractive MS 714 PB Diff group (25%), but the disturbances were scored as mild to moderate in most cases (93%/100%). The unfolding procedure of the acrylic Sulcoflex 653F IOL was smoother and more controllable than that of the silicone MS 714 PB Diff IOL.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both additional MIOLs performed well in terms of far, intermediate, and near vision and enabled patients to handle almost all areas of activity without glasses.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(1):41–48.]
Comparison of Corneal Sensation Between Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) and Femtosecond Laser-Assisted LASIK for Myopia
Authors: Li Meiyan , Zhou Zimei , Shen Yang , Knorz Michael C. , Gong Lan , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To compare the impact on corneal sensation after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (femto-LASIK) in patients with myopia.

METHODS:
In this prospective, nonrandomized comparative study, 71 subjects were enrolled. Thirty-eight eyes of 38 patients underwent SMILE and 33 eyes of 33 patients underwent femto-LASIK. Corneal sensation was tested with Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry in five corneal areas preoperatively and at 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Comparison of corneal sensation was performed for the SMILE and femto-LASIK groups. Additionally, the correlations were evaluated between the postoperative corneal sensation, preoperative spherical equivalent, and ablation depth.

RESULTS:
All tested areas within the cap or flap demonstrated corneal hypoesthesia immediately after both surgeries. SMILE-treated eyes showed less compromised corneal sensation than femto-LASIK–treated eyes at all postoperative visits in the central, inferior, nasal, and temporal areas at the 1-week and 1-month visits. In the SMILE group, the inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants recovered faster than other areas. In the femto-LASIK group, the sensation over the flap did not recover to preoperative levels by postoperative 6 months. There was no correlation between postoperative corneal sensation, preoperative spherical equivalent, and ablation depth in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
The impairment of corneal sensation was less significant in the SMILE group than in the femto-LASIK group and was independent of preoperative spherical equivalent or ablation depth.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(2):94–100.]
Central Corneal Sublayer Pachymetry and Biomechanical Properties After Refractive Femtosecond Lenticule Extraction
Authors: Vestergaard Anders H. , Grauslund Jakob , Ivarsen Anders R. , Hjortdal Jesper Ø. 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To compare central corneal sublayer pachymetry and biomechanical properties after femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEX) and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:
A prospective, randomized, single-masked clinical trial of 35 patients treated for moderate to high myopia with FLEX in one eye and SMILE in the other. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography imaging (Heidelberg Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) was used to measure central corneal thickness (CCT) and epithelial, flap/cap, and residual stromal bed thickness centrally. The Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Buffalo, NY) was used to assess corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF). Patients were examined before and 6 months after surgery.

RESULTS:

Mean decrease in CCT was 105
μ
m in FLEX-treated eyes and 106
μ
m in SMILE-treated eyes (
P
= .70), which is equivalent to approximately 14
μ
m/diopters corrected. Mean central epithelial thickness increased 7 ± 6
μ
m in FLEX-treated eyes and 6 ± 5
μ
m in SMILE-treated eyes (
P
= .64). Achieved mean flap/cap thickness was 4 ± 6
μ
m from the expected thickness in FLEX-treated eyes and 4 ± 9
μ
m in SMILE-treated eyes (
P
= .37). CH was reduced 2.7 ± 1.3 mm Hg in FLEX-treated eyes and 3.3 ± 1.2 mm Hg in SMILE-treated eyes (
P
= .08). CRF was reduced 4.5 ± 1.2 mm Hg in FLEX-treated eyes and 4.6 ± 1.2 mm Hg in SMILE-treated eyes (
P
= .71). CH and CRF were highly correlated with CCT, but not patient age.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this paired-eye study, the flap-based FLEX and cap-based SMILE resulted in almost identical changes in central corneal sublayer pachymetry and biomechanical properties for moderate to high myopia 6 months after treatment.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(2):102–108.]
Outcomes of Small Aperture Corneal Inlay Implantation in Patients With Pseudophakia
Authors: Huseynova Tukezban , Kanamori Tomomi , Waring George O. , Tomita Minoru 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the improvement in near visual acuity after KAMRA corneal inlay (AcuFocus, Inc., Irvine, CA) implantation in patients with pseudophakia.

METHODS:
A retrospective study analysis of patients with pseudophakia undergoing monocular corneal inlay implantation in the non-dominant eye was performed. The inlay was implanted monocularly in the non-dominant eye of patients. Manifest refractive spherical equivalent, uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected near visual acuity, and corrected near visual acuity were evaluated. The follow-up period was 3 months.

RESULTS:
Thirteen eyes from 13 patients were evaluated. Four patients underwent LASIK for improved distance acuity at the time of inlay implantation. Mean uncorrected near visual acuity improved five lines (from J10 to J4) postoperatively. Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, and corrected near visual acuity remained stable and were 20/20, 20/16, and J1, respectively, before and after KAMRA implantation. Three eyes lost two lines and 1 eye lost one line of uncorrected distance visual acuity. Two eyes lost two lines and 1 eye lost 1 line of corrected distance visual acuity. Mean manifest refractive spherical equivalent changed before and after KAMRA implantation from −0.01 ± 1.07 diopters (D) (range: 2.25 to −1.88 D) to −1.12 ± 0.87 D (range: 0.25 to −2.75 D), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Implantation of a small aperture corneal inlay improved uncorrected near visual acuity while maintaining uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity in monofocal patients with pseudophakia.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(2):110–115.]
Refractive Surgery for Accommodative Esotropia: 5-Year Follow-up
Authors: Magli Adriano , Forte Raimondo , Gallo Flavio , Carelli Roberta 
Published: February 2014

PURPOSE:
To assess the long-term effectiveness and safety of refractive surgery with LASIK or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for treating accommodative esotropia in adults.

METHODS:
All patients with accommodative esotropia treated with LASIK or PRK until December 2007 and with a minimum follow-up of 5 years were retrospectively included.

RESULTS:

LASIK was performed on 44 eyes of 22 patients (12 women, 10 men; mean age: 22.7 ± 2.9 years). Mean postoperative follow-up was 62.1 ± 3.2 months. PRK was performed on 16 eyes of 8 patients (4 women, 4 men; mean age: 23.7 ± 1.7 years). Mean postoperative follow-up was 61.3 ± 2.8 months. At the 5-year follow-up, the mean cycloplegic refraction was more hyperopic in the PRK group (0.3 ± 0.8 vs 0.06 ± 0.3 diopters,
P
= .01). Correction of esotropia to esophoria or orthotropia was present in 21 patients (95.4%) treated with LASIK and in all patients treated with PRK.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both LASIK and PRK were effective in the long-term reduction of accommodative esotropia.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(2):116–120.]
Analysis of Short-Term Change in Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Eyes With Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Fein Jordana G. , Branchini Lauren A. , Manjunath Varsha , Regatieri Caio V. , Fujimoto James G. , Duker Jay S. 
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To measure the subfoveal choroidal thickness in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) over 6 months.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective, observational study of patients with AMD followed up for 6 months at the New England Eye Center. Baseline and 6-month follow-up subfoveal choroidal thickness was measured using spectral-domain OCT and compared.

RESULTS:

For the entire cohort, there was statistically significant thinning of the subfoveal choroidal thickness at 6 months compared to baseline that was driven by the cohort of patients with neovascular AMD (181.2 ± 75 μm to 173.4 ± 63 μm;
P
= .049).

CONCLUSION:
There was a statistically significant decrease in subfoveal choroidal thickness observed in this cohort of patients with AMD over 6 months, but it was driven by the subgroup of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2014;45:32–37.]
The Transcription Factor E4BP4 Is Not Required for Extramedullary Pathways of NK Cell Development
Authors: Crotta Stefania , Gkioka Annita , Male Victoria , Duarte João H. , Davidson Sophia , Nisoli Ilaria , Brady Hugh J. M. , Wack Andreas 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
NK cells contribute to antitumor and antiviral immunosurveillance. Their development in the bone marrow (BM) requires the transcription factor E4BP4/NFIL3, but requirements in other organs are less well defined. In this study, we show that CD3−NK1.1+NKp46+CD122+ NK cells of immature phenotype and expressing low eomesodermin levels are found in thymus, spleen, and liver of E4BP4-deficient mice, whereas numbers of mature, eomesoderminhigh conventional NK cells are drastically reduced. E4BP4-deficient CD44+CD25− double-negative 1 thymocytes efficiently develop in vitro into NK cells with kinetics, phenotype, and functionality similar to wild-type controls, whereas no NK cells develop from E4BP4-deficient BM precursors. In E4BP4/Rag-1 double-deficient (DKO) mice, NK cells resembling those in Rag-1–deficient controls are found in similar numbers in the thymus and liver. However, NK precursors are reduced in DKO BM, and no NK cells develop from DKO BM progenitors in vitro. DKO thymocyte precursors readily develop into NK cells, but DKO BM transfers into nude recipients and NK cells in E4BP4/Rag-1/IL-7 triple-KO mice indicated thymus-independent NK cell development. In the presence of T cells or E4BP4-sufficient NK cells, DKO NK cells have a selective disadvantage, and thymic and hepatic DKO NK cells show reduced survival when adoptively transferred into lymphopenic hosts. This correlates with higher apoptosis rates and lower responsiveness to IL-15 in vitro. In conclusion, we demonstrate E4BP4-independent development of NK cells of immature phenotype, reduced fitness, short t1/2, and potential extramedullary origin. Our data identify E4BP4-independent NK cell developmental pathways and a role for E4BP4 in NK cell homeostasis.
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in ENT Practice: How Worth is It?
Authors: Kumar MC Anup , Karanam Lavanya 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe need for upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in the evaluation of hoarseness.Study designProspective study, conducted during the period from June 2012 to February 2013.SettingTertiary referral center.ResultsA total of 125 patients were selected for the study and they were evaluated with appropriate history and clinical examination. Out of 125 patients, 41 (32.8%) patients showed laryngeal findings leading to hoarseness, 13 (10.4%) patients showed features of suspected malignancy in other adjacent regions which was confirmed later, two (1.6%) patients showed phonetic gap and 69 (55.2%) patients showed normal laryngeal inlet on indirect laryngoscopy examination. Of the 69 normal patients which were treated conservatively and since they did not show any response they were subjected to upper GI endoscopy. Out of 69 patients, 41 (60%) patients showed features of gastritis, 28 (40%) patients showed features of duodenitis.ConclusionIt is estimated that more than 50% of patients presenting to the ENT OPD for hoarseness are because of GI problems. We strongly advise upper GI endoscopy for the symptomatic otorhinolaryngological patients with a normal laryngeal finding on indirect laryngoscopy for treating the condition accurately or near accurately. Adding to this upper GI endoscopy has the additional advantages of documentation and medicolegal aspect in the present day scenario.How to cite this articleSantosh UP, Kumar MCA, Karanam L. Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in ENT Practice: How Worth is It? Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2013;3(2):35-38.
Management of Laryngotracheal Stenosis by Laryngoplasty
Authors: Murthy GSN , Kumar M Veera , Bhimeshwar R , Chanukya S Udaya 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
This is a prospective study done on six cases of laryngotracheal stenosis. They were operated by laryngoplasty with mucoperichondrial grafting stenting (temporary and permanent).
The purpose of the study was to determine the role of laryngoplasty in the treatment of acquired subglottic stenosis.
In this study, six patients who presented to the Government General Hospital from March 2011 to April 2012, with subglottic stenosis were enrolled. The details of their etiology, time period with endotracheal intubation, duration between extubation and onset of symptoms, treatment and postoperative recovery on follow-up were recorded and analyzed. It was found that laryngoplasty with cartilage grafting along with T-tube or Dumonts silicone stent placement carries good success rate, with no recurrence.

How to cite this article
Murthy GSN, Bhimeswar R, Kumar MV, Murthy PSN, Chanukya SU. Management of Laryngotracheal Stenosis by Laryngoplasty. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2013;3(2):46-50.
New emission factors for Australian vegetation fires measured using open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy – Part 1: methods and Australian temperate forest fires
Authors: Paton-Walsh C. , Smith T. E. L. , Young E. L. , Griffith D. W. T. , Guérette É.-A. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract. Biomass burning releases trace gases and aerosol particles that significantly affect the composition and chemistry of the atmosphere. Australia contributes approximately 8% of gross global carbon emissions from biomass burning, yet there are few previous measurements of emissions from Australian forest fires available in the literature. This paper describes the results of field measurements of trace gases emitted during hazard reduction burns in Australian temperate forests using open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In a companion paper, similar techniques are used to characterise the emissions from hazard reduction burns in the savanna regions of the Northern Territory. Details of the experimental methods are explained, including both the measurement set-up and the analysis techniques employed. The advantages and disadvantages of different ways to estimate whole-fire emission factors are discussed and a measurement uncertainty budget is developed.
A database and tool for boundary conditions for regional air quality modeling: description and evaluation
Authors: Henderson B. H. , Akhtar F. , Pye H. O. T. , Napelenok S. L. , Hutzell W. T. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract. Transported air pollutants receive increasing attention as regulations tighten and global concentrations increase. The need to represent international transport in regional air quality assessments requires improved representation of boundary concentrations. Currently available observations are too sparse vertically to provide boundary information, particularly for ozone precursors, but global simulations can be used to generate spatially and temporally varying lateral boundary conditions (LBC). This study presents a public database of global simulations designed and evaluated for use as LBC for air quality models (AQMs). The database covers the contiguous United States (CONUS) for the years 2001–2010 and contains hourly varying concentrations of ozone, aerosols, and their precursors. The database is complemented by a tool for configuring the global results as inputs to regional scale models (e.g., Community Multiscale Air Quality or Comprehensive Air quality Model with extensions). This study also presents an example application based on the CONUS domain, which is evaluated against satellite retrieved ozone and carbon monoxide vertical profiles. The results show performance is largely within uncertainty estimates for ozone from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument and carbon monoxide from the Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT), but there were some notable biases compared with Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) ozone. Compared with TES, our ozone predictions are high-biased in the upper troposphere, particularly in the south during January. This publication documents the global simulation database, the tool for conversion to LBC, and the evaluation of concentrations on the boundaries. This documentation is intended to support applications that require representation of long-range transport of air pollutants.
Marking Minimalism: Minimal Music as a Sign of Machines and Mathematics in Multimedia
Authors: Eaton Rebecca M. Doran 
Published: February 2014

AbstractMinimalist music’s ubiquity in multimedia may be owed to the encoding of minimalism as a sign for the machine and rationality, an enculturation afforded by minimalism’s characteristics and its prior use in film and concert works. This paper traces these signs through multimedia including Koyaanisqatsi, Pepsi’s "No Brainer," and Proof.
"With my freeze ray, I will stop-:" carnival incompleteness in Dr. Horrible’s Sing-Along Blog and "Once More, With Feeling"
Authors: Baltimore Sam 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This paper applies Mikhail Bakhtin’s theories of carnival and reduced laughter to Dr. Horrible and "Once More," demonstrating both works’ insistence on musical inconclusiveness. Bakhtin’s "gay and free laughing aspect of the world, with its unfinished and open character" invites audiences to create meanings through interaction with musical comedies, partially explaining the appeal of musicals for audience members who feel themselves "unfinished and open."
Preoperative Chemotherapy Plus Bevacizumab and Morbidity after Resection of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
Authors: Mª José Safont  , Jorge Aparicio  , Alejandra Giménez Ortiz  , José Mir  , Eva Montalvá  , Miriam Cantos Pallarés  
Published: February 2014

Aims and background: The addition of bevacizumab to preoperative chemotherapy is a common therapeutic practice in patients with colorectal liver metastases. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of bevacizumab on postoperative complications after liver resection. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed including patients who underwent liver resection for colorectal liver metastases after receiving chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab in two hospitals. Univariate logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of postoperative morbidity in both groups of patients. Results: A total of 76 patients were analyzed: 22 patients did not receive preoperative chemotherapy (control group), 21 patients received preoperative chemotherapy alone and 33 patients received preoperative chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab. The median number of chemotherapy cycles received was 4 (range, 1-23) for the chemotherapy group and 7 (range, 2-36) for the chemotherapy plus bevacizumab group Morbidity rate was similar in the three groups of patients considered: 54.5 %, 47.6% and 39.4, respectively. The most common complications were infections and wound complications. The number of preoperative chemotherapy cycles received was the only clinical variable that was significantly correlated with postoperative comorbidity. Conclusions: Our results support the evidence that the addition of bevacizumab to preoperative chemotherapy does not increase the risk of complications following surgery of colorectal liver metastases.