bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Study on Protective Effect Against Hydroxyl‐induced DNA Damage and Antioxidant Mechanism of Myricitrin
Authors: Li Xican , Mai Wenqiong , Chen Dongfeng 
Published: December 2013

AbstractExcessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can oxidatively damage DNA to cause severe biological consequences. In the study, a natural flavonoid, myricitrin (myricetin‐3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside), was found to have a protective effect against hydroxyl‐induced DNA damage (IC50 159.86 ± 54.24 μg/mL). To investigate the mechanism, it was determined by various antioxidant assays. The results revealed that myricitrin could effectively scavenge ·OH, ·O2−, DPPH· (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical), and ABTS+· (2,2′‐Azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) radicals (IC50 values were respectively 69.71 ± 5.93, 69.71 ± 5.93, 25.34 ± 2.14, and 1.71 ± 0.09 μg/mL), and bind Cu2+ (IC50 27.33 ± 2.36 μg/mL). Based on the mechanistic analysis, it can be concluded that: (i) myricitrin can effectively protect against hydroxyl‐induced DNA oxidative damage via ROS scavenging and deoxynucleotide radicals repairing approaches. Both approaches can be attributed to its antioxidant. From a structure‐activity relationship viewpoint, its antioxidant ability can be attributed to the ortho‐dihydroxyl moiety, and ultimately to the stability of its oxidized form ortho‐benzoquinone; (ii) its ROS scavenging is mediated via metal‐chelating, and direct radical‐scavenging which is through donating hydrogen (H·) and electron (e); and (iii) its protective effect against DNA oxidative damage may be primarily responsible for the pharmacological effects, and offers promise as a new therapeutic reagent for diseases from DNA oxidative damage.
Structural Relationships among Strategic Experiential Modules, Emotion and Satisfaction at the Expo 2012 Yeosu Korea
Authors: Song Hak‐Jun , Ahn Young‐joo , Lee Choong‐Ki 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA structural equation model was constructed to analyze the relationship among strategic experiential modules, emotion and visitor satisfaction. For its research site, this study focused on ‘the Expo 2012 Yeosu Korea’ held in South Korea. The results of the study supported the hypothesis that the event experience is an important factor and influences visitors' level of satisfaction through emotions during the Expo. This study found that Schmitt's five types of experience indirectly affect satisfaction through positive emotional experience. The results of this study demonstrated that satisfaction not only is an issue that may be attributed to the event but also involves psychological and emotional concerns. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Roles of rpoS‐activating small RNAs in pathways leading to acid resistance of Escherichia coli
Authors: Bak Geunu , Han Kook , Kim Daun , Lee Younghoon 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEscherichia coli and related enteric bacteria can survive under extreme acid stress condition at least for several hours. RpoS is a key factor for acid stress management in many enterobacteria. Although three rpoS‐activating sRNAs, DsrA, RprA, and ArcZ, have been identified in E. coli, it remains unclear how these small RNA molecules participate in pathways leading to acid resistance (AR). Here, we showed that overexpression of ArcZ, DsrA, or RprA enhances AR in a RpoS‐dependent manner. Mutant strains with deletion of any of three sRNA genes showed lowered AR, and deleting all three sRNA genes led to more severe defects in protecting against acid stress. Overexpression of any of the three sRNAs fully rescued the acid tolerance defects of the mutant strain lacking all three genes, suggesting that all three sRNAs perform the same function in activating RpoS required for AR. Notably, acid stress led to the induction of DsrA and RprA but not ArcZ.
Clinical reappraisal of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Screening Scales (CIDI‐SC) in the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS)
Authors: Kessler Ronald C. , Santiago Patcho N. , Colpe Lisa J. , Dempsey Catherine L. , First Michael B. , Heeringa Steven G. , Stein Murray B. , Fullerton Carol S. , Gruber Michael J. , Naifeh James A. , Nock Matthew K. , Sampson Nancy A. , Schoenbaum Michael , Zaslavsky Alan M. , Ursano Robert J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA clinical reappraisal study was carried out in conjunction with the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) All‐Army Study (AAS) to evaluate concordance of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV) diagnoses based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Screening Scales (CIDI‐SC) and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist (PCL) with diagnoses based on independent clinical reappraisal interviews (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV [SCID]). Diagnoses included: lifetime mania/hypomania, panic disorder, and intermittent explosive disorder; six‐month adult attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder; and 30‐day major depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD, and substance (alcohol or drug) use disorder (abuse or dependence). The sample (n = 460) was weighted for over‐sampling CIDI‐SC/PCL screened positives. Diagnostic thresholds were set to equalize false positives and false negatives. Good individual‐level concordance was found between CIDI‐SC/PCL and SCID diagnoses at these thresholds (area under curve [AUC] = 0.69–0.79). AUC was considerably higher for continuous than dichotomous screening scale scores (AUC = 0.80–0.90), arguing for substantive analyses using not only dichotomous case designations but also continuous measures of predicted probabilities of clinical diagnoses.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS)
Authors: Kessler Ronald C. , Colpe Lisa J. , Fullerton Carol S. , Gebler Nancy , Naifeh James A. , Nock Matthew K. , Sampson Nancy A. , Schoenbaum Michael , Zaslavsky Alan M. , Stein Murray B. , Ursano Robert J. , Heeringa Steven G. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) is a multi‐component epidemiological and neurobiological study designed to generate actionable evidence‐based recommendations to reduce US Army suicides and increase basic knowledge about the determinants of suicidality. This report presents an overview of the designs of the six components of the Army STARRS. These include: an integrated analysis of the Historical Administrative Data Study (HADS) designed to provide data on significant administrative predictors of suicides among the more than 1.6 million soldiers on active duty in 2004–2009; retrospective case‐control studies of suicide attempts and fatalities; separate large‐scale cross‐sectional studies of new soldiers (i.e. those just beginning Basic Combat Training [BCT], who completed self‐administered questionnaires [SAQs] and neurocognitive tests and provided blood samples) and soldiers exclusive of those in BCT (who completed SAQs); a pre‐post deployment study of soldiers in three Brigade Combat Teams about to deploy to Afghanistan (who completed SAQs and provided blood samples) followed multiple times after returning from deployment; and a platform for following up Army STARRS participants who have returned to civilian life. Department of Defense/Army administrative data records are linked with SAQ data to examine prospective associations between self‐reports and subsequent suicidality. The presentation closes with a discussion of the methodological advantages of cross‐component coordination. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human‐inspired motion primitives and transitions for bipedal robotic locomotion in diverse terrain
Authors: Zhao H. , Powell M. J. , Ames A. D. 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, a control design approach is presented, which uses human data in the development of bipedal robotic control techniques for multiple locomotion behaviors. Insight into the fundamental behaviors of human locomotion is obtained through the examination of experimental human data for walking on flat ground, upstairs, and downstairs. Specifically, it is shown that certain outputs of the human, independent of locomotion terrain, can be characterized by a single function, termed the extended canonical human function. Through feedback linearization, human‐inspired locomotion controllers are leveraged to drive the outputs of the simulated robot, via the extended canonical human function, to the outputs from human locomotion. An optimization problem, subject to the constraints of partial hybrid zero dynamics, is presented that yields parameters of these controllers that provide the best fit to human data while ensuring stability of the controlled bipedal robot. The resulting behaviors are stable walking on flat ground, upstairs, and downstairs—these three locomotion modes are termed ‘motion primitives’. A second optimization is presented, which yields controllers that evolve the robot from one motion primitive to another—these modes of locomotion are termed ‘motion transitions’. A directed graph consisting these motion primitives and motion transitions has been constructed for the stable motion planning of bipedal locomotion. A final simulation is given, which shows the controlled evolution of a robotic biped as it transitions through each mode of locomotion over a pyramidal staircase. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Path‐dependent Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations related to controlled stochastic functional differential systems
Authors: Ji Shaolin , Wang Lin , Yang Shuzhen 
Published: December 2013

SummaryIn this paper, a stochastic optimal control problem is investigated in which the system is governed by a stochastic functional differential equation. In the framework of functional Itô calculus, we build the dynamic programming principle and the related path‐dependent Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. We prove that the value function is the viscosity solution of the path‐dependent Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real‐time 3D Tracking
Authors: Milanović Veljko , Kasturi Abhishek 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe ability to track objects in real time in a 3D environment has many real world applications, such as sensors that allow people to interact with electronic devices in very natural and intuitive ways. Controllers that can follow our hands or fingers and interpret our intentions could make human‐machine interaction a more enjoyable, ergonomic and a more precise experience. Another application area is industrial automation, that heavily depends on the ability of robots to precisely locate and position objects.
Characterization of a highly flexible self‐assembling protein system designed to form nanocages
Authors: Patterson Dustin P. , Su Min , Franzmann Titus M. , Sciore Aaron , Skiniotis Georgios , Marsh E. Neil G. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe design of proteins that self‐assemble into well‐defined, higher order structures is an important goal that has potential applications in synthetic biology, materials science, and medicine. We previously designed a two‐component protein system, designated A‐(+) and A‐(−), in which self‐assembly is mediated by complementary electrostatic interactions between two coiled‐coil sequences appended to the C‐terminus of a homotrimeric enzyme with C3 symmetry. The coiled‐coil sequences are attached through a short, flexible spacer sequence providing the system with a high degree of conformational flexibility. Thus, the primary constraint guiding which structures the system may assemble into is the symmetry of the protein building block. We have now characterized the properties of the self‐assembling system as a whole using native gel electrophoresis and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) and the properties of individual assemblies using cryo‐electron microscopy (EM). We show that upon mixing, A‐(+) and A‐(−) form only six different complexes in significant concentrations. The three predominant complexes have hydrodynamic properties consistent with the formation of heterodimeric, tetrahedral, and octahedral protein cages. Cryo‐EM of size‐fractionated material shows that A‐(+) and A‐(−) form spherical particles with diameters appropriate for tetrahedral or octahedral protein cages. The particles varied in diameter in an almost continuous manner suggesting that their structures are extremely flexible.
TCAD simulation of thermally evaporated germanium
Authors: De Iacovo A. , Sorianello V. , Colace L. , Assanto G. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEpitaxial growth of germanium on silicon produces large misfit and threading dislocation densities which dramatically affect electronic properties of Ge. For this reason, TCAD standard models and parameters, optimized for bulk Ge, fail when applied to Ge epilayers. In this work we describe a novel approach for the simulation of highly defected germanium films grown by thermal evaporation.We also take into account the gradient of defect concentration depending on the germanium thickness. The proposed model is successfully employed for TCAD simulations of Ge‐on‐Si pn heterojunction photodiodes, demonstrating good agreement with experimental data. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Large boron‐interstitial cluster modelling in BF3 plasma implanted silicon
Authors: Essa Z. , Cristiano F. , Spiegel Y. , Qiu Y. , Boulenc P. , Quillec M. , Taleb N. , Zographos N. , Bedel‐Pereira E. , Mortet V. , Burenkov A. , Hackenberg M. , Torregrosa F. , Tavernier C. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBF3 plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) is a promising technique in the race for highly boron doped P+/N ultra‐shallow junctions (USJs) in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) silicon technologies. Implantation conditions used in BF3 PIII lead to high super‐saturations (≥1 × 1020 cm–3) of both boron and silicon interstitial atoms in the implantation region. In such conditions, very large loop‐shaped boroninterstitial clusters (BICs) are formed during subsequent thermal anneals, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements.In this study, amorphizing BF3 PIII implants (10 keV, 5 × 1015 cm–2) followed by different thermal anneals were carried out in order to investigate the large BICs precipitation. A ”large BICs“ model based on moments approach allowed to reproduce the experimental data including boron diffusion profiles (obtained by SIMS) and boron electrical activation obtained by Hall effect sheet resistance measurements.(© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The effect of Ge content on the formation and evolution of {113} defects in SiGe alloys
Authors: Laânab Larbi , Belafhaili Amine , Cristiano Filadelfo , Cherkashin Nikolay , Claverie Alain 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe aim of this work is to study the influence of the Ge content on the {113} defects formed, after a (35 keV, 1 × 1015 Ge+/cm2) preamorphization step followed by annealing at 680 °C, in relaxed SiGe alloys. For that, plan‐view Transmission Electron Microscopy (PTEM) under appropriate imaging conditions was used to study the {113} defects evolution as a function of the Ge content. Experimental results show that, increasing the Ge content results in a net reduction of both the density and the size of the {113} defects. Results analysis was performed in the framework of the “excess interstitials” model which describes perfectly the observed decrease of the {113} defects density in Si. Moreover, through a confrontation between the TEM observations and the predictions of this model, we show that the density of the interstitials contained in the defects (deduced from PTEM images) is a quasi linear function of the density of excess interstitials generated during the preamorphization step beneath the c/a interface, as calculated by the SRIM code. We conclude that collisional arguments can appropriately explain the observed evolution of the {113} defects density as a function of the Ge content. Meanwhile, the observed reduction of the {113} defects size with the Ge content, may be ascribed to a decrease of the transport capacity DiCi*, responsible for the defects growth. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
NMOS contact resistivity reduction with implants into silicides
Authors: Rao K. V. , Khaja Fareen Adeni , Ni Chi‐Nung , Muthukrishnan Shankar , Darlak Andrew , Lei Jianxin , Brand Adam , Variam Naushad 
Published: December 2013

AbstractNMOS contact resistivity (ρc) for NiPtSi was reduced by up to 50% by implanting either Se or P into the silicide film, followed by thermally recrystallizing the silicide and activating the implanted species. The silicide module integration included use of plasma pre‐clean, a thin NiPt film, a low temperature soak anneal (RTP1), and millisecond laser anneals for post‐implant anneals (RTP2 and RTP3). Additionally, experiments with Se implants into TiSi2 achieved 60% reduction in ρc with exclusive use of laser anneals (for both RTP1 and RTP2). The test structures included van der Pauw, transmission line model (TLM) and diodes, all of which are testable after silicidation to extract of silicide phase and sheet resistance (Rs), silicide/SD external resistance (Rext), ρc, and junction breakdown (Vbj). In order to mimic realistic CMOS process flows, contact chain structures testable after metal‐1 were also used to obtain average resistance/contact and extract contact resistivity. The results in this work demonstrated adequate process window, while maintaining junction characteristics without degradation of Rs. Laser anneal steps were key enabler to achieve these results, and were designed to prevent dopant deactivation while minimizing diffusion of SD regions for USJ compatibility for sub‐20 nm CMOS nodes. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The design of authentication key protocol in certificate‐free public key cryptosystem
Authors: Chung Yu‐Fang 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn regard to the communication security of open networks, authenticated key management agreements are able to provide confidentiality, integrity, and verification so as to establish a more secure and fair digital rights management mechanism. For this reason, this paper, aiming at authentication key management agreements, tends to provide a security study on the application of authentication key management agreements, covering the establishment, analysis, design, security study, and performance optimization in various environments. Based on present public key schemes, such as public key cryptography, identity‐recognized cryptography, and undocumented cryptography, it aims to establish an authenticated key management agreement suitable for various application environments. Using the one‐way transmission in identity‐recognized cryptography or undocumented cryptography for formulating practical and effective security models, it tends to establish the one‐way authentication key agreement for both parties. Based on the design of single authentication key, an authentication key agreement for the undocumented public key cryptography is proposed to design a security model for the secure and high‐efficiency undocumented two‐party authentication key agreement. Under random oracle model and standard model, the security of the undocumented two‐party authentication key agreement is authenticated. Furthermore, aiming at the computational efficiency, communication efficiency, and key exchange frequency of group key management agreements, this paper aims to propose a method for dynamic membership. Besides, regarding the secure communication environment in different application backgrounds, such as the network applications of Grid, P2P, and ad‐hoc, it would propose practical group key agreements for networks and multi‐node communications to promote the security of group key management and to facilitate the computation of agreements and the optimization of communications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Graph planarization problem optimization based on triple‐valued gravitational search algorithm
Authors: Gao Shangce , Todo Yuki , Gong Tao , Yang Gang , Tang Zheng 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis article presents a triple‐valued gravitational search algorithm (TGSA) to tackle the graph planarization problem (GPP). GPP is one of the most important tasks in graph theory, and has proved to be an NP‐hard problem. To solve it, TGSA uses a triple‐valued encoding scheme and models the search space into a triangular hypercube quantitatively based on the well‐known single‐row routing representation method. The agents in TGSA, whose interactions are driven by the gravity law, move toward the global optimal position gradually. The position updating rule for each agent is based on two indices: one is a velocity index which is a function of the current velocity of the agent, and the other is a population index based on the cumulative information in the whole population. To verify the performance of the algorithm, 21 benchmark instances are tested. Experimental results indicate that TGSA can solve the GPP by finding its maximum planar subgraph and embedding the resulting edges into a plane simultaneously. Compared with traditional algorithms, a novelty of TGSA is that it can find multiple optimal solutions for the GPP. Comparative results also demonstrate that TGSA outperforms the traditional meta‐heuristics in terms of the solution qualities within reasonable computational times. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Role of coarse woody debris in the carbon cycle of Takayama forest, central Japan
Authors: Ohtsuka Toshiyuki , Shizu Yoko , Hirota Mitsuru , Yashiro Yuichiro , Shugang Jia , Iimura Yasuo , Koizumi Hiroshi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractCoarse woody debris (CWD) is an important component of the forest carbon cycle, acting as a carbon pool and a source of CO2 in temperate forest ecosystems. We used a soda‐lime closed‐chamber method to measure CO2 efflux from downed CWD (diameter ≥5 cm) and to examine CWD respiration (RCWD) under field conditions over 1 year in a temperate secondary pioneer forest in Takayama forest. We also investigated tree mortality (input to the CWD pool) from the data obtained from the annual tree census, which commenced in 2000. We developed an exponential function of temperature to predict RCWD in each decay class (R2 = 0.81–0.97). The sensitivity of RCWD to changing temperature, expressed as Q10, ranged from 2.12 to 2.92 and was relatively high in decay class III. Annual C flux from CWD (FCWD) was extrapolated using continuous air temperature measurements and CWD necromass pools in the three decay classes. FCWD was 3.0 (class I), 17.8 (class II), and 13.7 g C m−2 year−1 (class III) and totaled 34 g C m−2 year−1 in 2009. Annual input to CWD averaged 77 g C m−2 year−1 from 2000 to 2009. The budget of the CWD pool in the Takayama forest, including tree mortality inputs and respiratory outputs, was 0.43 Mg C ha−1 year−1 (net C sink) owing to high tree mortality in the mature pioneer forest. The potential CWD sink is important for the carbon cycle in temperate successional forests.