bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Sebaran Silikat dan Total Bahan Organik di Muara Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat, Semarang
Authors: Wijayatno Muhammad Farrel Satyatma , Muslim Muslim , Atmodjo Warsito 
Published: August 2024

Muara sungai Banjir Kanal Barat mengakumulasi silikat dan bahan organik yang berasal dari dataran tinggi dan buangan aktivitas antropogenik. Silikat dan bahan organik berkaitan dengan organisme primer perairan, khususnya diatom. Diatom membutuhkan silikat dan menghasilkan pengayaan bahan organik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan silikat dan bahan organik beserta persebarannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis statistik deskriptif sedangkan penentuan lokasi menggunakan purposive sampling. Silikat dianalisis menggunakan metode molybdosilicate, bahan organik total air menggunakan metode uji permanganat secara titrimetri (SNI 06-6989.22-2004), bahan organik total sedimen menggunakan metode Loss on Ignition. Hubungan menggunakan korelasi Pearson dan nilai signifikansi. Hasil menunjukkan konsentrasi silikat lebih tinggi di permukaan (6,189 µM) daripada bagian dasar (4,745 µM) serta sebarannya terpusat di sumber masukan perairan. Bahan organik total air di permukaan (30,393 mg/L) menyebar dari sumber masukan muara menuju ke arah barat muara mengikuti pergerakan arus. Bahan organik total air di dasar perairan (31,744 mg/L) menyebar secara acak mengikuti ukuran butir sedimennya. Bahan organik total di sedimen (16,687 %) menyebar bervariasi secara acak dikarenakan pengaruh kecepatan arus dan persebaran ukuran butir sedimen. Hubungan antara bahan organik dengan silikat perairan terjadi di bagian permukaan perairan (r = 0,632; p = 0,037) sedangkan di dasar perairan tidak terjadi hubungan (r = 0,395; p = 0,229).
Imagination and investment: unraveling academic identity in Chinese doctoral candidates’ publishing journeys in U.S. higher education
Authors: Lu Xiaolong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Doctoral writing for publication has evolved into a strategic activity in Ph.D. education, extending beyond a mere social practice. This paper presents a collective case study that examines the publishing experiences of four Chinese doctoral candidates in Linguistics. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, with narrative inquiry of how they prepared themselves to publish for the academic job market, how they imagined their future academic communities, and how they negotiated their academic identities in terms of publishing within imagined communities. The qualitative analysis incorporates Norton’s conceptualization of imagined community and identity, as well as investment and capitals, highlighting the positive influence of imagined academic identity on scholarly publishing as well as the dynamic nature of academic identity construction in the divergence between imagination and reality. The findings offer pedagogical insights into the negotiation of identities in doctoral publishing, with particular relevance to Chinese international students in the social sciences.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of similar and dissimilar resistance spot welded DC04 and HRP6222 (DD11) steels
Authors: Hasirci Yasin , Elitas Muhammed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Low carbon steels are frequently preferred in the automotive industry. The most preferred welding method in vehicle body manufacturing is resistance spot welding (RSW). In this study, RSW joints of DC04 and HRP6222 steels were carried out at two different electrode forces (2.1 kN, 2.4 kN) and three different welding currents (4 kA, 6 kA, 8 kA). The effects of different welding parameters on microstructure, tensile shear force, failure mode and microhardness were investigated. So, the focus was on optimizing the welding parameters. As a result, the RSW process caused the formation of three different regions in the microstructure (the base metal, the heat affected zone and the weld metal). It was observed that the tensile shear force increased as the welding current and electrode force increased. After the tensile shear tests, two different failure modes occurred (interface and pull-out type). Hardness values showed a linear relationship with tensile shear force results. In addition, a significant increase in hardness values was observed from the base metal to the weld metal in all welding parameters.
Effect of annealing time on bending performance and microstructure of C19400 alloy strip
Authors: Zhang Yanmin , Huang Baohuan , Gao Hongjiao , Li Shanguang , Zhou Fei , Song Kexing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The effect of annealing time on the bending properties and microstructure of cold-rolled C19400 alloy was studied by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy. With the increase in annealing time, the bending properties of the alloy first increased and then decreased, and the elongation increased from 8.33% in cold-rolled state to 11.58% after annealing for 60 min, which increased by 39.02%, and then decreased to 10.0% after annealing for 90 min. Within the experimental range, the bending performance is the best when the annealing time is 60 min. When the relative bending radius is 0.4, the outer surface of the bending part of the alloy changes from a large number of microfine cracks before annealing to the disappearance of cracks after annealing. The analysis shows that the decrease in the dislocation density, the ordering of the dislocation structure, and the refinement of the precipitated phase are the keys to improving the bending performance of the strip after annealing.
The Role of L1 and Age Effect in the Acquisition of EnglishArticles among Croatian Young EFL Learners
Authors: Balenović Katica 
Published: August 2024

The category of definiteness/indefiniteness is often seen as a linguistic universal (Chomsky 2000; Silić 2000) that exists in every human language but is expressed with different linguistic means and patterns in different languages. In English, this category is grammaticalized primarily via articles (Zergollern-Miletić 2008). The Croatian language does not contain an article system, and acquiring English articles represents a major problem for most learners of English as a foreign language (Balenović and Medved Krajnović 2013; Zergollern-Miletić 2015). The present paper investigates difficulties in acquiring English articles among young learners in Croatia in written tasks. Pupils involved in the research started learning English in the first grade of primary school. A total of 76 primary school learners from six different classes (schools) and different age groups were included in this research. The initial hypothesis is that the correct use of articles increases as learners’ overall L2 proficiency increases due to exposure to instructed EFL learning. A qualitative analysis was carried out using error analysis, i.e., proper/wrong use, or omission of the article. The findings partially confirmed the initial hypothesis and showed that our participants were becoming aware of the existence of English articles (they comprehended that articles should precede nouns), but we found very frequent article omission, which, according to our research results, indicates that the process of developing and understanding the semantic and pragmatic role of English articles is long and fluctuating specifically with learners whose L1 lacks the article system.
El impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en la educación médica: adaptabilidad y experiencia con enseñanza a distancia de la Sociedad Médica Peruano Americana
Authors: Valdivieso Rodríguez Manuel , Alzamora Barrios Blanca , Baracco Maggi Rossana , Bravo-Jaimes Katia , Espinoza Luis A. , Ferrari Gabilondo Natalia , Gonzales-Zamora Jose A. , Huerta-Saenz Lina , Huaynate-Cuadrado Paola , La Rosa Francisco G. , Ponce-Rosas Linda , Rios Perez Jorge , Rozas Olivera Victor , Sjogren Maria H. 
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on medical care and medical education in Peru. In response, the Peruvian American Medical Society (PAMS), a charitable medical organization based in the USA, pursued its medical and educational missions in Peru by adopting virtual learning technology. We developed closer collaborative relationships with several medical schools and the Peruvian Association of Medical Schools (ASPEFAM) while offering a faculty panel of twenty-four members to provide lectures and multidisciplinary webinars in Spanish. We conducted 19 webinars including COVID -19 and non-COVID-19 related topics that over the last two years attracted 14,489 participants from 23 countries. They were the foundation for twenty publications in Peruvian medical journals. Our clinical investigations competition was positively received as was our pilot project on research mentorship. The COVID -19 pandemic had a positive effect on the educational mission of PAMS in Peru.
Brussels in Strasbourg: Theoretical Reflections on the Impact of European Union Law on the Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Kūris Egidijus 
Published: August 2024

The article presents a theoretical reflection on one of the aspects of the impact of European Union law on the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights from the perspective of the competition between these two legal systems, and in the broader context of the perception of international law as a fragmentised legal reality. It is argued that the interplay between the law of the Convention and EU law is horizontal, as none of these legal systems is and perhaps will never be subordinated to the other. It is shown that one of the tools of harmonisation of the two legal systems is the so-called mutually friendly interpretation, and it is demonstrated how EU law-friendly (and, more broadly, international law-friendly) interpretation has been undertaken by the ECtHR in the cases of Al-Dulimi ([GC] 2016), Hanan ([GC] 2021) or Bosphorus ([GC] 2005). It is also discussed how the ECtHR’s approach to EU law as particular international law is reflected in the structure of the judgments of this Court.
Negotiorum Gestio: the Element of Emergency in the Doctrine of Informed Consent
Authors: Lytvynenko Anatoliy A. , Machovenko Jevgenij , Jurkeviča Tatjana I. 
Published: August 2024

The rule of an obligatory consent of a patient for a medical procedure has its exceptions, one of the most cited of which is a condition of emergency, under which the physician is not under the obligation to seek for the patient’s consent, but to provide the treatment, which is strictly necessary upon the physician’s best judgment, and will not be liable for an unconsented medical procedure in such case. In many legal cases on the issues regarding consent to medical procedures, the courts expressed the view that consent to medical treatment is a prerequisite to its legitimacy, unless an emergency occurs and hence it would be impossible to obtain the patient’s consent. In some early 20th century cases, the emergency exception was also invoked when patients were unconscious under anesthesia, and the physicians found a serious health impairment during the operation, which differed from the purpose of the previously agreed operation. In this article, the authors have analyzed the exception of emergency within the Roman law concept negotiorum gestio, focusing on the details of the legal cases, in which an emergency was invoked, being either alleged, or proved. The authors have also examined the historical legal foundations of the right of physicians to carry out medical treatment (which in some cases includes surgeries), and found that the legal doctrine has no uniform answer to this question, whereas various legal doctrines, including customary law, were historically used to describe these legal foundations.
Rate of Asthma Prescriptions for Children and Adolescents During the 2018 Floods in Japan
Authors: Utsumi Shu , Yoshida Shuhei , Ohshimo Shinichiro , Shime Nobuaki , Matsumoto Masatoshi 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Victims of natural disasters are exposed to air pollution, changes in living conditions, and physical/emotional stress, which leads to exacerbation of asthma. The study aimed to examine the association between being victims of a natural disaster and asthma medication prescriptions among children and adolescents by comparing those affected and unaffected by the 2018 Japan floods.

METHODS
Within the most severely impacted regions, a 1-year postdisaster retrospective cohort study was conducted on the basis of the National Health Insurance Claims Database. Participants aged 0 to 19 years with no record of asthma treatment in the year preceding the disaster were included in the analysis. The cumulative incidence of newly prescribed asthma inhalers in the 12 months after the disasters was compared between victims and nonvictims using survival analysis. To test the robustness, a difference-in-differences analysis was performed, including participants with a history of asthma prescriptions.

RESULTS
Of the 1 073 170 participants included in the study, 4425 (0.40%) were assigned to the victim group. Of these, 287 individuals (6.5%) from the victim group and 59 469 individuals (5.6%) from the nonvictim group were newly prescribed asthma inhalers within the year after the floods. Survival analysis revealed that victims were more prone to receiving inhaler prescriptions compared with nonvictims (adjusted hazard ratio 1.30; 95% confidence interval 1.16–1.46). Consistent results were obtained from the difference-in-differences analysis.

CONCLUSIONS
The 2018 Japan floods increased the demand for asthma inhalers among flood victims, underscoring the general implication that natural disasters can increase the incidence of asthma.
Evolving therapeutics in acid-related disorders of the gut: is vonoprazan the drug of the next decade
Authors: Roy Mehak , Shah Abhi , Bhowmik Subham , Panchal Ishita , Panchal Viraj , Shah Vedant , Bharadwaj Sanket 
Published: August 2024

Vonoprazan a competitive potassium acid blocker (P-CAB) has been gaining traction compared to the use of traditional PPIs for the treatment of GERD and other acid-related disorders. We aim to review its comparative edge over the other widely used PPIs and its combination therapies in this article. It is also emerging to show superiority in mucosal and clinical healing rates in the already published literature. The mechanism of action of vonoprazan involves the antagonism of potassium channels present in parietal cells, thereby inhibiting gastric acid secretion. This distinctive mode of action effectively suppresses acid secretion in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and erosive esophagitis. For clinical usage, 20 mg of vonoprazan has been reported to be more effective in the management of acid-related disorders compared to conventional PPIs. This article underscores the need for continued research to fully elucidate the potential of vonoprazan in managing acid-related disorders, particularly in populations beyond Japan where its utility remains to be fully explored. It also aims to enlighten healthcare providers regarding its usage in the management of acid-related gastrointestinal disorders by providing insights into its clinical utility, practical considerations, & effective drug combinations eventually ameliorating patient outcomes and quality of life.
Evaluating the effectiveness of color changing adhesives versus ultraviolet absorbent dye additive adhesives in the removal of adhesive remnants after orthodontic debonding
Authors: Asokan Udhayan , Sankar Hanumanth , Jaganathan Sabarinathan , Yashwant Aniruddh , Rajamuthu Thangabalu , Alexander Lidhiya 
Published: August 2024

The fixed orthodontic treatment initiates with bonding and ends up with debonding of brackets which alters the enamel surface. The adhesive remnants present on the enamel surface after debonding are removed with the help of various aids but alters the enamel surface to an extent and there is no alternative material or instrument for removing the adhesives. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of color changing orthodontic bonding adhesives versus ultraviolet absorbent dye additive orthodontic bonding adhesives in the removal of adhesive remnants after orthodontic debonding.: 40 extracted human premolars were procured and metal brackets were bonded to the buccal surface with Group 1 – Enlight, Group 2 – Grengloo, Group 3 - Brace Paste & Group 4 – Enlight + UV dye additive. Debonding of brackets were done in INSTRON and evaluated for ARI score in stereo microscope and photo micrographs were taken to analyze the surface area in ImageJ software with conventional and UV light source. Then the adhesive remnants were removed with tungsten carbide bur at low speed with appropriate illumination and the enamel surface is assessed under scanning electron microscope for EDI score. This study resulted with time taken for the removal of adhesive remnants between the 4 groups and indicates statistically significant difference (p&#60;0.05). Group 3 (Brace Paste) possesses the less time taken for the removal of adhesive remnants between the other three groups and shear bond strength reveals a statistically significant difference (p&#60;0.05) between the three adhesive groups. This current study concluded that the color changing adhesives with the fluorescence property were significantly different when compared with other adhesives due to the reduction in time taken for the removal of adhesive remnants from the enamel surface with minimal damage. Additionally the introduction of a UV dye additive for the visual distinction between the enamel structure and adhesive remnant also proves to be a valuable aid in the assessment of adhesive remnant index and removal.
To evaluate the cortical bone thickness for ideal placement of infrazygomatic crest (IZC) and mandibular buccal shelf (MCS) bone screws in patients with different facial pattern using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)
Authors: Patil Sagar Rajesh , Ansari Saba , Nene Salil , Kalia Ajit , Hegde Ashwith , Joshi Juhi 
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to measure the cortical bone thickness at different anatomical sites of InfraZygomatic Crest and Mandibular Buccal Shelf region for the ideal placement of IZC and MBS screws respectively in patients with different facial patterns using CBCT.Total participants were divided into 3 groups- GROUP A: horizontal growth pattern (FMA &#60;22°); GROUP B: average growth pattern (FMA 22°-28°); GROUP C: vertical growth pattern(FMA &#62;28°). Sixty CBCT images were taken into consideration. They were converted into standard DICOM format. Bone thickness were measured in the InfraZygomatic Crest (IZC) of the maxilla and in the Mandibular Buccal Shelf (MBS) region of the mandible using the Kodak CareStream CS 9300 Software.The results indicate that there was a highly statistical significant difference seen in the overall cortical bone thickness of IZC and MBS at various anatomical sites. The highest mean thickness was found to be at the MB70◦ maxillary 1st molar and distal root of the mandibular 1st molar. There was no difference in the bone thickness at the IZC region and at the MBS region seen between the horizontal and vertical facial patterns whereas the average facial patterns show the highest mean thickness but was not statistically significantThe study conducted on the Indian population yielded results demonstrating the possibly appropriate position for the IZC bonescrews and MBS bonescrews suggested that placing the IZC bonescrews at the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary 1st molar at an angulation of 70◦ and the MBS bonescrews at the distal root of the mandibular 1st molar at 11mm from the cementoenamel junction irrespective of the facial patterns could provide positive results.
МЕРЕЖЕВОЦЕТРИЧНІ ВІЙНИ – ВІЙНИ СУЧАСНОСТІ
Authors: Артемов Володимир , Хорошко Володимир 
Published: August 2024

В статті розглядається теорія мережевоцентрічної війни та її вплив на сучасність. Вона була розроблена у другій половині ХХ сторіччі та широко використовується у війнах ХХІ сторіччя. Сутність концепції мережевоцентрічної війни можливо переоформлювати наступним чином це війна «сліпого» проти «зрячого». Фізична сила «сліпого» - бойова міцність класичних збройних сил, які не користуються перевагами мережево-центричних підходів, що не гарантує переваги в сучасному бою. Це завідомо програшна ситуація. Мережевоцентрічна війна складається з 3-х решіток–підсистем: інформаційної, сенсорної (тобто розвідувальної) і бойової. Але її основу складає інформаційна підсистема, цілями якої, виходячи з концепції є так звані кільця Уордена. Використовуючи теорію мережевоцентрічної війни та застосовуючи тактику гібридної війни, РФ захопила Крим та окупувала Донбас. А 24 лютого 2024 року росія розпочала війну проти України, причому повторюючи свої дії при агресії проти Грузії у 2008 році. Тобто, починаючі з кібератак на державні установи та центри керування державою. Але РФ використовуючи елементи мережевоцентрічної війни, воює як воювали у Другій світовій війні. Україна застосовує перехід від управління військами та зброєю до управління збройною боротьбою. Війна росії проти України свідчить, що в сучасній війні перемагає той, хто швидше сприймає нові технології та втілює їх у життя, бере на озброєння та практично впроваджує нові воєнні доктрини та концепції, які відповідають духу часу, і уможливлюють не лише використання нових технологій та ідей, а й добре знає, які з них як і коли використовувати. Високі технології сьогодні перетворюються в системоутворюючий фактор сучасної збройної боротьби. Вони дозволяють досягнути того нового етапу розвитку воєнного мистецтва-переходу від управління військами в ході збройної боротьби до управління конфліктом у цілому.
ДИСТАНЦІЙНЕ НАВЧАННЯ ІНОЗЕМНІЙ МОВІ У ВВНЗ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Головань Вячеслав , Горліченко Андрій , Дроздов Михайло 
Published: August 2024

У статті розглядаються найбільш важливі аспекти впровадження та розвитку дистанційного навчання іноземним мовам курсантів (слухачів, студентів) у вищих військових навчальних закладах (ВВНЗ) в умовах пандемії та зовнішньої агресії. На підставі практичного досвіду автори приходять до висновку, що впровадження дистанційної освіти у ВВНЗ є доцільним не лише як ефективний засіб розв’язання форс-мажорних проблем, але є центральною перспективою розвитку системи вищої освіти України на будь-як віддалене майбутнє. Сьогодні дистанційне вивчення іноземної мови військовими є найбільш комфортним і доступним засобом найшвидшого її оволодіння і поширення з метою ефективної військово-професійної взаємодії з військовослужбовцями країн НАТО і наступної інтеграції ЗС України з цією оборонною організацією. Інтерактивність в доступі до змісту навчання, можливість системи дистанційної освіти надавати практично безмежні і, водночас, чітко структуровані і медіа-забезпечені інформаційні освітні ресурси, підвищена самостійна пізнавальна діяльність тих, хто навчається, комфортність у використанні дуже сприяють досягненню мотивації та цілей у навчанні.