bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The sensitivity of refractive index sensors based on defected 1D photonic crystals: an analytical approach
Authors: Vanyushkin Nikolay A , Efimov Ilya M , Gevorgyan Ashot H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, an analytical formula for the sensitivity of optical sensors based on one-dimensional photonic crystals (PCs) with a defect was derived for the first time. Based on this formula, a comparative analysis of the sensitivity of defected PCs with and without mirror symmetry was carried out. In addition, the exact values of sensitivity in the limit of an infinite PC with a quarter-wave unit cell were obtained. It was shown that the sensitivity of a defective PC with an infinitely thick defect layer is equal to that of a perfectly reflecting Fabry–Perot resonator and does not depend on the specific structure of the PC. The results of this work provide a significant simplification of the analysis and optimization of optical sensors based on defective PCs, as well as a better understanding of the numerous numerical results obtained previously.
Generalized strong locality inequality for multi-star-shaped quantum networks
Authors: Yang Ying , Cao Huaixin , Cuo Zhihua , Fan Yajing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The interest in quantum network correlations has surged, as Bell inequalities originating from a single source fall short of capturing the intricate many-body correlations within generic quantum networks. The introduction of a 3-grade m-star quantum network, a natural extension of star-shaped networks, features a hierarchy of nodes including A, m stars B
1, …, B

m
centered around A, and m stars

C

1

j

,

…
,

C

m

j

centered around each B

j
, and m + m
2 independent sources. The strong locality of this network has been explored, assuming that each party possesses only two observables. In this paper, we put forward a significant extension to the strong locality of 3-grade m-star quantum networks. Specifically, each C

j

k
performs n dichotomic measurements, while A and each B

j
conduct 2
n−1 dichotomic measurements. We establish a generalized strong locality inequality that holds for any value of n, and subsequently conduct a thorough analysis to determine the optimal quantum violation of established inequality. Through specific examples, we confirm the feasibility of achieving the optimal quantum violation of the generalized strong locality inequality for any n. We notice that for n > 3, a single copy of a two-qubit entangled state may not be sufficient to reveal the non-strong locality, whereas utilizing multiple copies can trigger this property.
Plasmonic and photonic refractive index biosensor based on bound states in the continuum
Authors: Dhibi Abdelhak , Al Abiad Abdullah , Abassi Amel , Rabhi Raja , Barhoumi Lassaad , Felidj Nordin , Djaker Nadia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel structure for biosensors based on a diffraction grating to diagnose four types of cancers cells. This biosensor is used to detect Hela, Jurkat, PC12, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancerous cells, based on their refractive indices. The present configuration consists of a glass layer covered by a gold layer, a grating coated by a silicon nitride layer separating the sensor from sensing medium. Bound states in the continuum (BIC) in a hybrid plasmonic-photonic structure can be achieved at Γ point and off-Γ. The symmetry-protected BIC is formed at the Γ-point of the periodic system due to the strong coupling between plasmonic or photonic modes. On the other hand, the Friedrich-Wintgen (FW) BICs can be readily achieved off-Γ due to the strong coupling between plasmonic and photonic modes. A comparative study is made on the basis of three BICs (plasmonic BIC, photonic BIC, and FW-BIC). Here, numerical analysis based on the Rigorous coupled-wave analysis method (RCWA) is performed to optimize the biosensor sensitivity, by also considering the full width at half maximum (FWHM), detection accuracy (DA), and figure of merit (FoM). The FW BIC-based biosensor for photonic mode exhibits the highest S of 1208nm/RIU, low FWHM of 0.5 nm, the maximum DA of 2 nm
−1, and best FoM of 2416 RIU
−1.
A polarization conversion metasurface for broadband and high-efficiency bidirectional filtering
Authors: Li Fengxia , Chen Haiyan , Yin Jia-Yuan , Deng Jing-Ya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Here, we demonstrate a polarization conversion metasurface which is composed of a single layer square split-ring resonator and bi-layered slotted perfect electrical conductor (PEC) to realize broadband and high-efficiency bidirectional filtering. The numerical results indicate that y-polarized waves can be converted to x-polarized transmission waves in the frequency range of 6.6 GHz to 13.9 GHz, while prevent this polarized waves with frequency beyond this band, and purity x-polarized waves can be obtained as electromagnetic (EM) waves are incident along negative z-axis, meanwhile, x-polarized waves can be converted to y-polarized transmission waves and only y-polarized waves available when EM waves are incident along positive z-axis. This designed polarization conversion metasurface has the function of bidirectional filtering in a wideband frequency range. Furthermore, the broadband property can be maintained as the incident angle up to 30°. The Fabry–Pérot-like cavity model is established to clarify the interference and enhancement effect of polarization conversion, and the electrical field and surface current distributions are used to elucidate the physical mechanism of polarization conversion and filtering. The experimental results are coincident with the numerical simulations. This metasurface can be employed in controlling the filtering signal of the polarized devices and can be functional as a bandpass filter in communication systems.
Comparison of different estimation methods for the inverse power perk distribution with applications in engineering and actuarial sciences
Authors: Hussain Nazim , Tahir M H , Jamal Farrukh , Shafiq Shakaiba , Alsadat Najwan , Elgarhy Mohammed , Nasiru Suleman , Nagarjuna Vasili B V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introducing the Inverse Power Perk distribution, this paper presents a versatile probability distribution designed to model positively skewed data with unprecedented flexibility. Building upon the Perk distribution, it accommodates a wide range of shapes including right-skewed, J-shaped, reversed J-shaped, and nearly symmetric densities, as well as hazard rates exhibiting various patterns of increase and decrease. The paper delves into the mathematical properties of this novel distribution and offers a comprehensive overview of estimation techniques, including maximum likelihood estimators, ordinary least square estimators, percentile-based estimators, maximum product of spacing estimators, Cramer-von Mises, weighted least squares estimators, and Anderson-Darling estimators. To assess the performance of these estimation methods across different sample sizes, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted. Through comparisons of average absolute error and mean squared error, the efficacy of each estimator is evaluated, shedding light on their suitability for both small and large samples. In a practical application, three real datasets, including insurance data, are employed to demonstrate the versatility of the current model, when comparing to existing alternatives. The IPP distribution offers significant advantages over traditional distributions, particularly in its superior ability to model tail risks, making it an invaluable tool for practitioners dealing with extreme values and rare events. Its computational efficiency further sets it apart, enabling more robust and faster analysis in large-scale datasets.This empirical analysis further underscores the utility and adaptability of the Inverse Power Perk model in capturing the nuances of diverse datasets, thereby offering valuable insights for practitioners in various fields.
The multi-positon and breather positon solutions for the higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation in optical fibers
Authors: Zhang Xi , Wang Yu-Feng , Yang Sheng-Xiong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Under investigation in this paper is the higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which can imitate the ultrashort pulses propagation in optical fibers. The modulation instability is analyzed based on the plane-wave solution. With the help of the generalized Darboux transformation, the second-, third- and fourth-order positon solutions are constructed. Furthermore, the second-, third- and fourth-order breather positon solutions are obtained, and the influences of parameters for the characteristics of solutions are analyzed.
Unrivaled single atom catalytic efficiency of Fe@Mg12O12 toward N2 reduction reaction (NRR) for NH3 generation
Authors: Allangawi Abdulrahman , Kosar Naveen , Ayub Khurshid , Gilani Mazhar Amjad , Imran Muhammad , Mahmood Tariq 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The quest for efficient and sustainable catalytic processes for ammonia synthesis has led to the exploration of transition metal (TM) doped single-atom catalysts (SACs) due to their exceptional catalytic properties and potential for overcoming the limitations of conventional catalysts. This study investigates the application of iron-doped Mg12O12 nanocage (Fe@Mg12O12) as a novel SAC for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The optimum reaction mechanism pathway of the NRR has been investigated and obtained by considering the stability of the different possible intermediates. Our analysis reveals that the high spin nature of Fe in Fe@Mg12O12 can stabilize the NRR intermediates by facilitating different total spin-states of the intermediates. Moreover, the importance of the role of support is highlighted as it stabilizes the adsorbed moiety by binding to it is crucial. This study promotes the use SACs for the realization of a sustainable and active electrocatalyst for the NRR, offering new avenues for addressing global energy and environmental challenges through the advancement of sustainable catalytic technologies.
Electronic and magnetic properties of Janus ZrSSe monolayer doped with V impurity and VX3(X = C, N, O, and F) clusters
Authors: Trinh Thi Hue , Ha Chu Viet , Guerrero-Sanchez J , Hoat D M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, doping with V impurity and VX3 (X = C, N, O, and F) clusters is proposed to modify the electronic and magnetic properties of Janus ZrSSe monolayer. Pristine ZrSSe monolayer is an indirect-gap semiconductor two-dimensional (2D) material with energy gap of 0.73 eV. This value is reduced to 0.13 eV under effects of single Zr vacancy, which corresponds to the reduction of the order of 82.19%. V impurity magnetizes significantly ZrSSe monolayer, inducing feature-rich magnetic semiconductor nature. Herein, the magnetism with a total magnetic moment of 1.00 μ

B
is produced mainly by V-3d orbital. Investigations indicate that the antiferromagnetic state with zero total magnetic moment is stable when V impurities are located close to each other. Further separating impurities causes the antiferromagnetic-to-ferromagnetic state transition, such that a total magnetic moment of 2.00 μ

B
is obtained. ZrSSe monolayer is metallized by doping with VC3, VN3 and VF3 clusters. In the first two cases, the non-magnetic nature is preserved. Meanwhile, significant magnetization with a total magnetic moment of 3.00 μ

B
is achieved by VF3 cluster substitution. Similarly, VO3 cluster induces significant magnetic properties in ZrSSe monolayer with a total magnetic moment of 1.00 μ

B
, which are originated mainly from the antiparallel spin orientation between V atom and Se atoms closest to the doping sites. Herein, VO3 cluster substitution in ZrSSe monolayer makes new magnetic semiconductor 2D material. The Bader charge analysis indicates that all four clusters attract charge from the host monolayer. Our work may introduce efficient approaches to modify the ZrSSe monolayer electronic and magnetic properties towards spintronic and optoelectronics applications.
Revealing discontinuous and continuous quantum phase transitions in shaken optical lattices
Authors: Shettigar Sheshgiri S , Alavani Bhargav K , Pai Ramesh V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We perform the cluster mean-field with density matrix renormalization (CMFT+DMRG) calculation on the two-band extended Bose–Hubbard model to uncover the physics behind the discontinuous transitions observed in the one-dimensional shaken optical lattice with hybridized two lowest Bloch bands. We determine the superfluid, Mott insulator, and staggered superfluid phases associated with this model using the appropriate order parameters. We obtained the phase diagrams for two values of shaking amplitudes and illustrated the phases and nature of phase transitions. The transition from Mott insulator and superfluid to staggered superfluid is discontinuous for small shaking amplitudes. We analyse how the shaking frequency controls the effective chemical potential in the model and, consequently, the ground state energy that drives the discontinuous transition. Finally, we compare our results with those of earlier works.
No evidence for parity violation in BOSS
Authors: Krolewski Alex , May Simon , Smith Kendrick , Hopkins Hans 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent studies have found evidence for parity violation in the BOSS spectroscopic galaxy survey, with statistical significance as high as 7σ. These analyses assess the significance of the parity-odd four-point correlation function (4PCF) with a statistic calledX2. This statistic is biased if theparity-eveneight-point correlation function (8PCF) of the data differs from the mock catalogs. We construct new statisticsX2×,X2nullthat separate the parity violation signal from the 8PCF bias term, allowing them to be jointly constrained. Applying these statistics to BOSS, we find that the parity violation signal ranges from 0 to 2.5σdepending on analysis choices, whereas the 8PCF bias term is ~ 6σ. We conclude that there is no compelling evidence for parity violation in BOSS. Our new statistics can be used to search for parity violation in future surveys, such as DESI, without 8PCF biases.
Multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol of size relation based on two-dimensional Bell states
Authors: Wang 王 Bing 冰 , Gong 龚 Li-Hua 黎华 , Liu 刘 San-Qiu 三秋 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Currently, all quantum private comparison protocols based on two-dimensional quantum states can only compare equality, via using high-dimensional quantum states that it is possible to compare the size relation in existing work. In addition, it is difficult to manipulate high-dimensional quantum states under the existing conditions of quantum information processing, leading to low practicality and engineering feasibility of protocols for comparing size relation. Considering this situation, we propose an innovative protocol. The proposed protocol can make size comparison by exploiting more manageable two-dimensional Bell states, which significantly enhances its feasibility with current quantum technologies. Simultaneously, the proposed protocol enables multiple participants to compare their privacies with the semi-quantum model. The communication process of the protocol is simulated on the IBM Quantum Experience platform to verify its effectiveness. Security analysis shows that the proposed protocol can withstand common attacks while preserving the privacies of all participants. Thus, the devised protocol may provide an important reference for implementation of quantum private size comparison protocols.
Vector magnetometry in zero bias magnetic field using nitrogen-vacancy ensembles
Authors: Li 李 Chunxing 春兴 , Shi 石 Fa-Zhan 发展 , Zhou 周 Jingwei 经纬 , Wang 王 Peng-Fei 鹏飞 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The application of the vector magnetometry based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensembles has been widely investigated in multiple areas. It has the superiority of high sensitivity and high stability in ambient conditions with microscale spatial resolution. However, a bias magnetic field is necessary to fully separate the resonance lines of optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectrum of NV ensembles. This brings disturbances in samples being detected and limits the range of application. Here, we demonstrate a method of vector magnetometry in zero bias magnetic field using NV ensembles. By utilizing the anisotropy property of fluorescence excited from NV centers, we analyzed the ODMR spectrum of NV ensembles under various polarized angles of excitation laser in zero bias magnetic field with a quantitative numerical model and reconstructed the magnetic field vector. The minimum magnetic field modulus that can be resolved accurately is down to ∼ 0.64 G theoretically depending on the ODMR spectral line width (1.8 MHz), and ∼ 2 G experimentally due to noises in fluorescence signals and errors in calibration. By using 13C purified and low nitrogen concentration diamond combined with improving calibration of unknown parameters, the ODMR spectral line width can be further decreased below 0.5 MHz, corresponding to ∼ 0.18 G minimum resolvable magnetic field modulus.
Quantization, dequantization, and distinguished states
Authors: Hawkins Eli , Minz Christoph , Rejzner Kasia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Geometric quantization is a natural way to construct quantum models starting from classical data. In this work, we start from a symplectic vector space with an inner product and—using techniques of geometric quantization—construct the quantum algebra and equip it with a distinguished state. We compare our result with the construction due to Sorkin—which starts from the same input data—and show that our distinguished state coincides with the Sorkin-Johnson state. Sorkin’s construction was originally applied to the free scalar field over a causal set (locally finite, partially ordered set). Our perspective suggests a natural generalization to less linear examples, such as an interacting field.
Studies of beam ion confinement to enhance plasma performance on EAST
Authors: FU 付 Jing 静 , HUANG 黄 Juan 娟 , WANG 王 Jinfang 进芳 , YU 虞 Limin 立敏 , BAE Cheonho , CHANG 常 Jiafeng 加峰 , HE 何 Kaiyang 开洋 , HUANG 黄 Yueheng 跃恒 , LI 李 Pan 磐 , GAO 高 Wei 伟 , JIN 金 Yifei 仡飞 , JIA 贾 Tianqi 天琦 , WANG 王 Minrui 敏锐 , SUN 孙 Yanxu 延旭 , SHI 史 Chang 唱 , WANG 王 Shusong 书松 , WANG 王 Xihui 曦辉 , ZHAO 赵 Hailin 海林 , ZHENG 郑 Yifeng 艺峰 , XIE 谢 Yahong 亚红 , ZHONG 钟 Guoqiang 国强 , ZANG 臧 Qing 庆 , LIU 刘 Haiqing 海庆 , QIAN 钱 Jinping 金平 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A key physics issue for achieving steady-state high-performance plasmas on EAST tokamak is to decrease beam-ion losses to improve plasma confinement during neutral beam injections (NBIs). To decrease the beam losses, previous counter-I
p NBI injections are upgraded to co-I
p injections. Analysis shows that due to the reversed direction of drift across the flux surfaces caused by the pitch angle, the beam prompt loss fraction decreases from about 49% to 3% after the upgrade. Moreover, because of the change of entire beam path, beam shine-through (ST) loss fraction for counter-I
p tangential and counter-I
p perpendicular injections is reversed to co-I
p tangential and co-I
p perpendicular injections, respectively. Due to the change in the initial trapped-confined beam ion fraction caused by the peaked pitch profiles, the losses induced by toroidal ripple field are also reversed after the upgrade. To further improve the beam-ion confinement under the present NBI layout, the amplitudes of toroidal field are increased from 1.75 to 2.20 T. Result shows that, due to the smaller orbit width and peaked pitch angle profile, the beam prompt loss power is lower with higher toroidal field. Due to the synergy of higher initial trapped-confined beam ion fraction and narrower Goldston-White-Boozer (GWB) boundary, the loss induced by ripple diffusion is higher with higher toroidal field. The combined effect of beam ST loss, prompt loss and ripple loss, contributes to the increase in beam ion density. The decrease in beam loss power enhances beam heating efficiency, especially the fraction of beam heating ions. Finally, comparison between simulation and measurement by 235U fission chamber (FC) indicates that the increase in neutron rate is mainly contributed by improvement of beam-ion confinement. This study can provide potential support for beam operation and high-T
i experiment on EAST tokamak.
SMOS captures variations in SSS fronts during El Niño and La Niña
Authors: Li Jiahao , Du Ling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The launch of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite has promoted research on sea surface salinity (SSS) and salinity fronts (SF). The SF in the central Pacific Ocean is influenced by El Niño and La Niña events, and the physical processes involved are complex. In this study, we evaluated the ability of the SMOS product from the Barcelona Expert Centre (BEC) to retrieve SF using a simple and intuitive method. Furthermore, this study investigated seasonal variations in the SF and its response to El Niño and La Niña events. The accuracy of the SMOS BEC L4 SSS is sufficient for studying SF. By selecting reasonable SF thresholds and analyzing its locations and intensities, in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean, SF can be divided into two: northern and southern SF. The variability in the northern SF is primarily influenced by the migration of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), whereas both freshwater flux and salt advection are the primary factors in the southern SF. They correspond to El Niño and La Niña events through freshwater flux and salt advection. These findings can provide information for the study of the SF based on satellite data and enhance our understanding of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics.
The Validity of Validity
Authors: Coyle Sean 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Moreso and Ródenas’s essay provides some striking images of legal validity which raise some interesting questions. The main part of this response deals with some implications of their theory. I argue that legal validity is best viewed as a practice concerned with what might be called ‘unifying rules’: a complete expression of a rule which is formed from various antecedent (or, in Continental systems, posterior) fragments. In the common law system, the legal concept of ‘ownership’ famously consists of a number of rights which are in turn composed from numerous statutory rules and court rulings. But the same is true of virtually any rule: eg the neighbour principle. This essay considers the extent to which Moreso and Ródenas’s theory provides the basis for a general theory of validity of this kind. The shorter second part of the essay discusses Maris Köpcke’s recent and important theory of legal validity.