bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A combined MR and CT study for precise quantitative analysis of the avian brain
Authors: Jirak Daniel , Janacek Jiri , Kear Benjamin P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBrain size is widely used as a measure of behavioural complexity and sensory-locomotive capacity in avians but has largely relied upon laborious dissections, endoneurocranial tissue displacement and physical measurement to derive comparative volumes. As an alternative, we present a new precise calculation method based upon coupled magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT). Our approach utilizes a novel interactive Fakir probe cross-referenced with an automated CT protocol to efficiently generate total volumes and surface areas of the brain tissue and endoneurocranial space, as well as the discrete cephalic compartments. We also complemented our procedures by using sodium polytungstate (SPT) as a contrast agent. This greatly enhanced CT applications but did not degrade MR quality and is therefore practical for virtual brain tissue reconstructions employing multiple imaging modalities. To demonstrate our technique, we visualized sex-based brain size differentiation in a sample set of Ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). This revealed no significant variance in relative volume or surface areas of the primary brain regions. Rather, a trend towards isometric enlargement of the total brain and endoneurocranial space was evidenced in males versus females, thus advocating a non-differential sexually dimorphic pattern of brain size increase amongst these facultatively flying birds.
Uncoupling binding of substrate CO from turnover by vanadium nitrogenase
Authors: Lee Chi Chung , Fay Aaron W. , Weng Tsu-Chien , Krest Courtney M. , Hedman Britt , Hodgson Keith O. , Hu Yilin , Ribbe Markus W. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
V-nitrogenase catalyzes two important reactions for environment- and energy-related areas: reduction of nitrogen to ammonia, and conversion of CO to hydrocarbons. The CO-bound conformation reported herein represents the first well-defined, substrate-bound nitrogenase with turnover capacity. Binding of CO to the resting-state V-nitrogenase uncouples CO binding from the subsequent turnover, which could facilitate capture of successive snapshots of CO reduction through controlled delivery of electron(s)/proton(s). The catalytic competence of this conformation suggests the mechanistic relevance of displacement of a belt-sulfur of the nitrogenase cofactor by a CO moiety upon binding, an event accommodated by the interstitial carbide that maintains the integrity of the cofactor while permitting a significant restructuring of the belt region that is crucial for substrate turnover.
Evaluation of Knowledge and Confidence following Opioid Overdose Prevention Training: A Comparison of Types of Training Participants and Naloxone Administration Methods
Authors: Ashrafioun Lisham , Gamble Stephanie , Herrmann Michele , Baciewicz Gloria 
Published: October 2015

Background The purpose of the current study was to assess the effect of opioid overdose prevention training on participants’ knowledge about opioid overdose and confidence to recognize and respond to opioid overdose situations as a function of naloxone administration (i.e., injection vs. intranasal spray) and participant type (friend/family, provider, “other”). Methods Opioid overdose prevention trainings were offered throughout a mid-sized metropolitan area in the northeast. Participants ( n = 428) were trained to administer naloxone via intramuscular injection ( n = 154) or intranasal spray ( n = 274). All training participants were given pre-post assessments of knowledge about opioid overdose and confidence to recognize and respond to opioid overdose situations. Results Participants’ overall knowledge and confidence increased significantly from pre- to post-training ( ps < .001). There was no significant association between knowledge and route of administration or participant type. Knowledge significantly increased from pre- to post-training in all participant types ( ps < .001). Confidence improved significantly from pre- to post-training across both routes of administration ( ps < .001). However, confidence was higher among those who were trained using the intranasal naloxone compared to those who were trained using the intramuscular injection naloxone at pre- ( p = .011) and post-training ( p < .001). Confidence increased from pre- to post-training in each of the participant types ( ps < .001). Post-hoc tests revealed that confidence was higher among providers and friends/family members compared to “other” participants, such as first responders, only at post-training ( p < .05). Conclusions Opioid overdose trainings are effective in increasing knowledge and confidence related to opioid overdose situations. Findings suggest that trainees are more confident administering naloxone via intranasal spray compared to injection. Future research should attempt to identify other factors that may increase the likelihood of trainees’ effectively intervening in opioid overdose situations.
SylvX: a viewer for phylogenetic tree reconciliations
Authors: Chevenet François , Doyon Jean-Philippe , Scornavacca Celine , Jacox Edwin , Jousselin Emmanuelle , Berry Vincent 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Motivation: Reconciliation methods aim at recovering the evolutionary processes that shaped the history of a given gene family including events such as duplications, transfers and losses by comparing the discrepancies between the topologies of the associated gene and species trees. These methods are also used in the framework of host/parasite studies to recover co-diversification scenarios including co-speciation events, host-switches and extinctions. These evolutionary processes can be graphically represented as nested trees. These interconnected graphs can be visually messy and hard to interpret, and despite the fact that reconciliations are increasingly used, there is a shortage of tools dedicated to their graphical management. Here we present SylvX, a reconciliation viewer which implements classical phylogenetic graphic operators (swapping, highlighting, etc.) and new methods to ease interpretation and comparison of reconciliations (multiple maps, moving, shrinking sub-reconciliations).
Availability and implementation: SylvX is an open source, cross-platform, standalone editor available for Windows and Unix-like systems including OSX. It is publicly available at www.sylvx.org.
Contact: francois.chevenet@ird.fr
Medical Practice, Urban Politics and Patronage: The London ‘Commonalty’ of Physicians and Surgeons of the 1420s
Authors: Colson Justin , Ralley Robert 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Medical practice in fifteenth-century England is often seen as suffering from the low status and unregulated practice of which Thomas Linacre later complained. Unlike in many European cities, the provision of physic was uncontrolled, and while urban guilds oversaw surgery as a manual art, no comprehensive system of medical organisation or regulation existed. However, in a remarkable episode of the 1420s, a group of university-trained physicians and elite surgeons associated with Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, briefly established just such a system. While their efforts initially secured approval for a national scheme, it was only in the City of London that they succeeded in implementing their plans. The detailed ordinances of the collegiate ‘commonalty’ they founded provide a unique insight into their attitudes. Drawing on continental models, they attempted to control all medicine within the city by establishing a hierarchy of practitioners, preventing illicit and incompetent practice, and offering treatment to even the poorest Londoners. Yet they failed to appreciate the vested interests of civic politics: achieving these aims meant curtailing the rights of the powerful Grocers and the Barbers, a fact made clear by their adjudication of a case involving two members of the Barbers’ Company, and the Barbers’ subsequent riposte—a mayoral petition that heralded the commonalty’s end. Its founder surgeons went on to revitalise their Surgeons’ Fellowship, which continued independently of the Barbers until a merger in 1540; in contrast, the physicians withdrew from civic affairs, and physic remained entirely unregulated until episcopal licensing was instituted in 1511.
Boomerang Effects of Low Price Discounts: How Low Price Discounts Affect Purchase Propensity
Authors: Cai Fengyan , Bagchi Rajesh , Gauri Dinesh K. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
We show that providing a low (vs. no) price discount can lower purchase propensity of low-priced products under certain conditions—when purchases are nonessential and purchase volume is small. Based on the theory of purchase value (Grewal, Monroe, and Krishnan 1998; Thaler 1983), we argue that offering a low price discount for nonessential purchases decreases perceived transaction value that in turn lowers consumers’ purchase propensity. However, this boomerang effect reverses when purchase volume is larger or when the purchase is essential. We demonstrate this effect with secondary scanner panel data sets (with six different product categories) and in five laboratory experiments (with real purchases). We also document the process and delineate boundary conditions.
Efficacy of Duloxetine in Chronic Low Back Pain with a Neuropathic Component
Authors: Schukro Regina P. , Oehmke Matthias J. , Geroldinger Angelika , Heinze Georg , Kress Hans-Georg , Pramhas Sibylle 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAbstract
In this randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial, patients with radicular symptoms experienced an average 32% reduction in pain after 4 weeks of treatment with duloxetine. The overall adverse event rate was similar between placebo and duloxetine treatments.

Background
Among patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP), approximately 37% show signs of a neuropathic pain component (radicular pain). Treatment of this condition remains challenging. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of duloxetine in the treatment of CLBP patients with neuropathic leg pain.

Methods
The study was conducted as a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial. CLBP with a visual analog scale (VAS) score greater than 5 and a neuropathic component that was assessed clinically and by the painDETECT questionnaire (score > 12) were required for inclusion. Patients were randomly assigned to either duloxetine or placebo for 4 weeks followed by a 2-week washout period before they crossed over to the alternate phase that lasted another 4 weeks. Duloxetine was titrated up to 120 mg/day. The primary outcome parameter was mean VAS score during the last week of treatment in each phase (VASweek4).

Results
Of 41 patients, 21 patients completed both treatment phases. In the intention-to-treat analysis (n = 25), VASweek4 was significantly lower in the duloxetine phase compared with placebo (4.1 ± 2.9 vs. 6.0 ± 2.7; P = 0.001), corresponding to an average pain reduction of 32%. The painDETECT score at the end of each treatment phase was significantly lower in the duloxetine phase compared with placebo (17.7 ± 5.7 vs. 21.3 ± 3.6 points; P = 0.0023). Adverse events were distributed equally between the duloxetine (65%) and placebo phases (62%) (P = 0.5).

Conclusion
In this crossover study, duloxetine proved to be superior to placebo for the treatment of CLBP with a neuropathic leg pain.
A best practice model for the effective deployment of 360° feedback
Authors: Lawrence Paul 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this two-part study was to develop and test a best practice model for the deployment of 360 feedback in organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
– In the first study, 59 stakeholders were interviewed including Learning
&
Development (L
&
D) managers, 360 program participants and the coaches providing feedback on those programs. A grounded theory methodology was deployed from which emerged a preliminary best practice model. In the second study, the model was tested in the design and evaluation of a 360 feedback program in an Australian Government organization.

Findings
– A best practice model emerged that emphasizes the importance of establishing a clear purpose for such programs, a purpose that provides context for tool selection, stakeholder engagement and the framing of expected outcomes. The model highlights the importance of resourcing an adequate feedback process that provides short- and long- term support for participants, as they seek to make sense of the feedback and commit to specific actions.

Originality/value
– The best practice model draws on academic research and the experience of practitioners to derive a set of guidelines that should both enhance the return on investment afforded to 360 programs and lead to participants feeling more engaged with the organizations they work for.
Time pressure and improvisation: enhancing creativity, adaption and innovation at high speed
Authors: Hodge Josh , Ratten Vanessa 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– Organizations are becoming more focused on time pressures when introducing innovation and creativity into their organizations. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the opportunity for organizations to focus on improvisation training as a way to gain a competitive advantage and leapfrog their competitors.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper takes the approach of identifying a model of improvisation training for organizations that focuses on the convergence of planning and executive for promoting innovation training practices.

Findings
– This paper’s main findings are that the time pressures faced by organizations means that there is a funnel limiting the link between creativity, adaption and innovation. This means that improvisation training needs to be done quickly, and organizations need to act efficiently when introducing new practices.

Originality/value
– This paper’s key value is that organizations can use improvisers by using bricolage and ready-mades to take existing concepts and apply them to new situations.
The effects of price-matching guarantees on consumer response in an online retail context
Authors: Lin Hsin-Hui 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of three price-matching guarantee (PMG) variables, including refund depth, refund period and competitive scope, on consumer response; the moderating role of consumer search costs is also examined.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study uses a scenario simulation method with a 2×2×2 factorial design to test the research model and hypotheses.

Findings
– The results indicate that refund depth has a significant effect on price perception and purchase intention, while competitive scope has a significant effect on purchase intention. In addition, the effects of both refund depth and competitive scope on price perception are moderated by consumer search costs.

Originality/value
– This study is a pioneering effort to explore the effects of PMGs variables on consumer response in the context of online retailing. These findings provide several important theoretical and practical implications for the PMG strategy of online retailing.
Linking customer verbal aggression and service sabotage
Authors: Yeh Ching-Wen 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanisms that link customer verbal aggression with service sabotage. Additionally, this study also tests whether emotional dissonance mediates the relationships between customer verbal aggression and the revenge motive, and between customer verbal aggression and service sabotage.Design/methodology/approach– This study investigated flight attendants from six airlines in Taiwan. A total of 1,000 questionnaires were distributed, resulting in the return of 504 valid questionnaires, yielding a valid response rate of 50.4 percent.Findings– The findings demonstrate that: emotional dissonance mediates the relationship between customer verbal aggression and revenge motive; emotional dissonance mediates the relationship between customer verbal aggression and service sabotage; customer verbal aggression is positively related to the revenge motive; revenge motive positively relates to service sabotage.Originality/value– This study has investigated the following: how customer verbal aggression causes revenge motive via the mediation of emotional dissonance, how customer verbal aggression results in service sabotage via the mediation of emotional dissonance. The results provide a basis for making suggestions regarding service management as a reference for airlines.
The relationship between non-audit fees and audit quality: dealing with the endogeneity issue
Authors: Carmona Pedro , Momparler Alexandre , Lassala Carlos 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore whether the provision of non-audit services (NAS) by public accounting firms undermines audit quality. The study addresses this question by testing for an association between the provision of consulting services and auditor independence in listed companies.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors study if the magnitude of non-audit fees explains variations in earnings management by looking at the joint determination of non-audit fees, audit fees, and abnormal accruals using the SURE-regression estimation method.

Findings
– Evidence from tested models suggests that audit services quality is uncompromised by the provision of NAS. In other words, high non-audit fees do not necessarily result in poor quality financial reporting.

Research limitations/implications
– A different research methodology and a different sample (e.g. non-listed companies) may lead to differing results. As the paper analyses only one country, generalizability of the results might be a limitation. There is no need to increase legal restrictions on the provision of consulting services by public accounting firms in order to better safeguard audit quality.

Practical implications
– Consulting clients may be more confident to hire both audit and NAS with the same firm and can make a case before the general Shareholders’ meeting. By providing both audit and NAS, consulting firms obtain knowledge spillovers and synergies while appealing highly qualified professionals.

Originality/value
– The use of simultaneous equations (SURE-regression) to establish the auditor-client relation allows us to better model theoretical relations between audit fees, non-audit fees, and abnormal accruals. Likewise, joint modeling takes account of correlations between the error terms of the individual models, yielding more efficient estimates than ordinary least squares. Performing this analysis in a non-Anglo-American country with low litigation risk is also a valuable contribution to extant literature.
Political orientation and perceived quality of television channels
Authors: Bayo-Moriones Alberto , Etayo Cristina , Sánchez-Tabernero Alfonso 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the relationship between the political orientation of television viewers and their perception of television programming quality.Design/methodology/approach– Information from a sample of 2,843 viewers is used. Ordinary least square models are estimated to test the theoretical hypotheses.Findings– The results suggest that the ideological position of viewers has a significant bearing on their evaluation of the quality of television channels. They also point to the key role played by news programming in the audience’s general assessment of channels quality.Research limitations/implications– There are a number of limitations to this research, which are largely related to the data analyzed, since they are cross-sectional and measures based on a single item are used. Future research in this field ought to take the multidimensional nature of the concepts discussed here into greater consideration.Practical implications– If political orientation colors viewer perception of quality television, it seems worthwhile for television schedulers to have more information about the political-ideological profile of their audience, so as to design a more appealing programming range for their target viewers. Regarding the impact of the perceived quality of news programs on the perceived quality of the whole channel, it would make sense for television managers to invest in news programs not only on the basis of the size of the audience reached, but also as a way to build up a strong brand and to differentiate it from competitors.Originality/value– There is scarce empirical research on the perceptions of quality media and television by viewers. This paper develops and tests hypotheses that contribute to a better knowledge of the mechanisms that generate the perceptions of consumers about the quality of television channels.
Organizational justice and personal initiative, mediating role of affective commitment
Authors: López-Cabarcos M. Ángeles , Machado-Lopes-Sampaio-de Pinho Ana Isabel , Vázquez-Rodríguez Paula 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the mediating role of affective commitment (AC) in the relationship between organizational justice (OJ) and personal initiative (PI).Design/methodology/approach– Data were collected from 321 employees from hotels in northern Portugal. The study required that all hotels be at least four-star establishments operating for over a year. The data and hypotheses were analyzed by using structural equation modeling.Findings– Employee perceptions of justice in relation to rewards, procedures, or interpersonal relationships can only lead to displays of initiative behaviors if employees have developed AC toward their organization. Accordingly, employee perception of justice does not directly bring about initiative behavior; a feeling of AC toward the organization must be created beforehand.Practical implications– Knowing how to increase employee PI could be one of the keys to obtaining successful results within the hotel industry. This study provides evidence of an indirect relationship between OJ and PI via AC. Such knowledge may help to establish a plan of action aimed at improving perceptions of justice within the hotel industry in order to obtain committed and proactive employees.Originality/value– Very few studies carried out within the context of the hotel industry have considered the relationship between the three variables proposed in this research paper. Additionally, this study examines the mediating role of employee AC, which has not been previously confirmed.
American Libraries and the US Federal Government: an overview of partnerships for enhanced resource access
Authors: Latham Bethany 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to explore the US Government Publishing Office’s (GPO) partnership program: what it is, how the GPO defines partnership, the types of institutions that are participating and the resources these institutions are making available through partnership.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper reviews the available literature and information from the US GPO on its partnership program, examines the institutions contributing to the program and what those contributions entail, surveys the resources made available through these partnerships and examines how this affects access to government information.

Findings
– Partnership with the US GPO provides benefits to libraries, museums, government agencies and other entities, increasing discoverability and enhancing access to digital collections of government information and other resources.

Originality/value
– This paper examines the parameters of the US GPO’s partnership program, why libraries and other institutions might wish to partner with the GPO and the effect these partnerships have had on enhancing access to government information resources, an area that has not been extensively covered in library literature.