bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Visual Complexity = Higher Production Cost Lay Belief
Authors: Min Lauren , Liu Peggy J , Anderson Cary L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Brands and retailers often offer different aesthetic versions of the same base product, which vary from visually simple to visually complex. How should managers price these different aesthetic versions of the same base product? This research provides insights for such decisions through uncovering a novel consumer lay belief about the relationship between visual complexity and production costs. Consumers associate simple (vs. complex) visual aesthetics with lower production costs when evaluating different aesthetic versions of a product. This lay belief occurs in joint evaluation mode but is mitigated in separate evaluation mode. An important downstream implication of this lay belief is that consumers’ willingness to pay is lower for visually simple (vs. complex) versions. This gap in willingness to pay occurs even when consumers like both product versions or aesthetics equally, and it is only eliminated when consumers like the visually simple version substantially more than the complex version. Finally, reducing the diagnosticity of the lay belief by disclosing information that the two versions took similar amounts of production time and effort reduces the gap in willingness to pay between visually simple (vs. complex) versions.
Ferritin is closely associated with microglia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Gao Ju , Okolo Ogoegbunam , Siedlak Sandra L , Friedland Robert P , Wang Xinglong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Iron deposition is a hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and has been strongly implicated in its pathogenesis. As a byproduct of cellular oxidative stress, iron dysregulation modifies basal levels of the regulatory iron-binding protein ferritin. Examination of thoracic and lumbar spinal cord tissues found increased ferritin immunostaining in white matter axons that corresponded to areas of increased microgliosis in 8 ALS patients versus 8 normal subjects. Gray matter areas containing the motor neurons also demonstrated increased ferritin and microglia in ALS compared to controls but at lower levels than in the white matter. Motor neurons with or without TDP-43 inclusions did not demonstrate either increased ferritin or associated microglial activation. We also observed an association of ferritin with microglia in cerebral cortical tissue samples of ALS cases and in the spinal cord tissues of transgenic mice expressing the SOD1G93A mutation. Elevated ferritin levels were detected in the insoluble fraction from spinal cord tissues of individuals with ALS. These findings suggest that activated microglia and increased ferritin may play significant roles in ALS progression since they are found closely associated in areas of axonal and cortical degeneration.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in situs inversus totalis—surgical technique and procedure safety using anatomical checkpoints
Authors: Cunningham Brian , Blades Daryl , McArdle Gerarde 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare congenital condition in which there is complete transposition of both the thoracic and abdominal viscera. Given how infrequently this abnormality is encountered, operating on patients with SIT can be technically difficult and challenging for the surgeon. This case report outlines the steps used to successfully carry out a laparoscopic cholecystectomy on a patient with SIT. The aim of this report is to highlight the technical difficulties encountered during this common surgical procedure. By sharing our operative experience, we hope to assist operating surgeons in their perioperative planning when faced with a similar case. Our approach to port placement, dissection of Calot’s triangle, and achieving adequate tissue tension is discussed. Ultimately, we believe that advanced planning, anticipation of likely challenges, and knowledge of strategies to overcome these can only be beneficial to the safety of performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with SIT.
Mesorectal thromboembolism with increased 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake during positron emission tomography/computed tomography in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Sato Yoshihiro , Tsujinaka Shingo , Miura Tomoya , Kitamura Yoh , Sawada Kentaro , Mitamura Atsushi , Yamamoto Kuniharu , Nakano Toru , Katayose Yu , Shibata Chikashi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study presents a case of a 72-year-old man diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (cT4N0M0) referred to our hospital for possible surgical treatment of a solitary nodule detected in the mesorectum. The patient had received combined chemoradiotherapy and achieved a complete response 13 months before the presentation. On examination, the mesorectal nodule was incidentally detected during surveillance computed tomography, and the maximum standardized uptake value of the nodule was 10.3. Because of the potential malignancy and need for en-bloc resection of the nodule, we performed laparoscopically assisted high anterior resection of the rectum. The postoperative course was uneventful. Notably, while pathological examination revealed that the mesorectal nodule comprised an intravenous organized thromboembolism, malignancy was not observed. These findings suggest that although positron emission tomography/computed tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose is useful for the diagnosis of malignant diseases, surgical resection might be the most reliable option for complex cases such as ours.
Duplication cyst in adult cases: a journey from diagnosis to treatment
Authors: Van Pham Nang , Van Mai Doi , Duong Phu Diep Thien , Lam Huan Hoang , Ly Hung Huynh Vinh , Van Nguyen Luan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Duplication cysts are rare congenital abnormalities of the alimentary tract, typically manifesting symptoms in the first 2 years but uncommon in adults. Medical data on duplication cysts is scarce in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta region. These two adult cases aim to provide fundamental knowledge, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, risks, complications, surgical and observational treatment methods, and future bilateral tumor research. Case 1: A 21-year-old male with intestinal obstruction symptoms. Computed tomography (CT)-scan revealed a strangulated small bowel obstruction with ischemia. Laparotomy discovered a twisted ileal duplication cyst causing necrosis in ~30 cm of the small intestine. Case 2: A 34-year-old woman hospitalized for right lower quadrant pain. CT-scan showed a cystic structure protruding into the ascending colon lumen. She underwent a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, and an ascending colonic cyst was found in the specimen. Conclusions: Duplication cysts are rare anomalies, especially in adults. Comprehending and acquiring knowledge ensures prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and female sexual dysfunction in Egyptian premenopausal women: is there a link between metabolic syndrome and sexual function?
Authors: Fouad Tamer Refaat , Mohamad Noha Ezzat , Elabd Mona , Abd-Elwahab Rokia , Elsary Asmaa Youness , Abd-Elghafar Tamer Samir , Elshimi Esam , Attia Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health problem with a paucity of available information about its impact on female sexual dysfunction (FSD).

Aim
We aimed to study the association between NAFLD and FSD in Egyptian premenopausal women.

Methods
Sexually active married premenopausal women who visited our NAFLD outpatient screening clinic (2019 to 2022) were divided into NAFLD and non-NAFLD (control) groups based on liver ultrasound and fatty liver index data. All participants completed the Arabic Female Sexual Function Index (ArFSFI) questionnaire. The resulting data were used to calculate the domains and total scores. FSD is then graded as follows: no FSD (≥28.2), minimal (21.7-28.1), mild (14.5-21.6), moderate (7.3-14.4), and severe (≤7.2).

Outcomes
We determined the proportions of patients and controls for whom ArFSFI scores indicated dissatisfaction with their sexual lives.

Results
Of 995 women participants whose FSFI scores were available, NAFLD was detected in 487 (48.9%) and absent in 508 (51.1%). The two groups were comparable in age, socioeconomic level, residence, and history of female genital cutting. The NAFLD patients had significantly much lower mean scores for the sexual arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain domains of the FSFI (P &lt; .001 for all), while no statistical difference was noticed in the desire domain for NAFLD patients compared with the controls. NAFLD women had significantly lower mean total FSFI scores than the controls (mean [SD] 16.7 [6.8] vs 21.7 [5.1], respectively; P &lt; .001) with higher rates of FSD (98.5% vs 82.1%; P &lt; .001, respectively). Most NAFLD women had higher FSD grades than controls (%): no FSD (1.5, 17.9), minimal (20.6, 51.8), mild (42.5, 38.8), moderate (26.2, 9.4), and severe (10.7, none), respectively.

Clinical Implications
Given the high prevalence of FSD in patients with NAFLD, greater attention to FSF could improve the quality of life in patients with NAFLD.

Strengths and Limitations
This study was limited by the lack of testing of sex hormones and some other important factors that were not tested (eg, age, socioeconomic level, residence, and female genital cutting), as these characteristics were previously matched. Strengths of the study include the large study size, to our knowledge the largest to date to investigate the possible link between FSD and NAFLD in premenopausal women, together with the inclusion of the detailed version of the validated ArFSFI.

Conclusions
In Egyptian premenopausal women, NAFLD could harm their sexual function.
The difficult path to coalescence: massive black hole dynamics in merging low-mass dark matter haloes and galaxies
Authors: Partmann Christian , Naab Thorsten , Rantala Antti , Genina Anna , Mannerkoski Matias , Johansson Peter H 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a high-resolution numerical study of the sinking and merging of massive black holes (MBHs) with masses in the range of $10^3 - 10^7 \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ in multiple minor mergers of low-mass dark matter haloes without and with galaxies ($4\times 10^8 \, \mathrm{M}_\odot \lesssim {M}_{\mathrm{halo}} \lesssim 2\times 10^{10} \, \mathrm{M}_\odot)$. The ketju simulation code, a combination of the gadget tree solver with accurate regularized integration, uses unsoftened forces between the star/dark matter components and the MBHs for an accurate treatment of dynamical friction and scattering of dark matter/stars by MBH binaries or multiples. Post-Newtonian corrections up to order 3.5 for MBH interactions allow for coalescence by gravitational wave emission and gravitational recoil kicks. Low-mass MBHs ($\lesssim 10^5 \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$) hardly sink to the centre or merge. Sinking MBHs have various complex evolution paths – binaries, triplets, free-floating MBHs, and dynamically or recoil ejected MBHs. Collisional interactions with dark matter alone can drive MBHs to coalescence. The highest mass MBHs of $\gtrsim 10^6 \, \rm M_\odot$ mostly sink to the centre and trigger the scouring of dark matter and stellar cores. The scouring can transform a centrally baryon-dominated system into a dark-matter-dominated system. Our idealized high-resolution study highlights the difficulty to bring in and keep low-mass MBHs in the centres of low-mass haloes/galaxies – a remaining challenge for merger assisted MBH seed growth mechanisms.
An impulsive geomagnetic effect from an early-impulsive flare
Authors: Hudson Hugh S , Cliver Edward W , Fletcher Lyndsay , Diver Declan A , Gallagher Peter T , Li Ying , Osborne Christopher M J , Stark Craig , Su Yang 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The geomagnetic ‘solar flare effect’ (SFE) results from excess ionization in the Earth’s ionosphere, famously first detected at the time of the Carrington flare in 1859. This indirect detection of a flare constituted one of the first cases of ‘multimessenger astronomy’, whereby solar ionizing radiation stimulates ionospheric currents. Well-observed SFEs have few-minute time-scales and perturbations of &gt;10 nT, with the greatest events reaching above 100 nT. In previously reported cases, the SFE time profiles tend to resemble those of solar soft X-ray emission, which ionizes the D-region; there is also a less-well-studied contribution from Lyman α. We report here a specific case, from flare SOL2024-03-10 (M7.4), in which an impulsive SFE deviated from this pattern. This flare contained an ‘early impulsive’ component of exceptionally hard radiation, extending up to γ-ray energies above 1 MeV, distinctly before the bulk of the flare soft X-ray emission. We can characterize the spectral distribution of this early-impulsive component in detail, thanks to the modern extensive wavelength coverage. A more typical gradual SFE occurred during the flare’s main phase. We suggest that events of this type warrant exploration of the solar physics in the ‘impulse response’ limit of very short time-scales.
Effects of Recent Prior Dengue Infection on Risk and Severity of Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tang Nicole , Lim Jue Tao , Dickens Borame , Chiew Calvin , Ng Lee Ching , Chia Po Ying , Leo Yee Sin , Lye David Chien , Tan Kelvin Bryan , Wee Liang En 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Elucidating whether prior dengue potentially confers cross-protection against COVID-19 is of public health importance in tropical countries at risk of overlapping dengue and COVID-19 epidemics. However, studies to date have yielded conflicting results. We aimed to assess effects of recent prior dengue infection on risk and severity of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection among adult Singaporeans.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study including all adult Singaporeans aged ≥18 years was conducted from 1 July 2021 through 31 October 2022, when a dengue outbreak driven by the DENV3 serotype preceded subsequent waves of SARS-CoV-2 Delta/Omicron transmission in Singapore. SARS-CoV-2 and dengue infection status were classified using national registries. Cox regression models adjusted for demographics, COVID-19 vaccination status, comorbidity, and socioeconomic-status were used to assess risks and severity (hospitalization, severe illness) of SARS-CoV-2 infection occurring after previous recorded dengue infection.

Results
A total of 3 366 399 individuals were included, contributing 1 399 696 530 person-days of observation. A total of 13 434 dengue infections and 1 253 520 subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infections were recorded; with an average of 94.7 days (standard deviation = 83.8) between dengue infection and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Preceding dengue infection was associated with a modest increase in risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.17), and significantly elevated risk of subsequent COVID-19 hospitalization (aHR = 3.25; 95% CI, 2.78–3.82) and severe COVID-19 (aHR = 3.39; 95% CI, 2.29–5.03).

Conclusions
Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse COVID-19 outcomes were observed following preceding dengue infection in a national population-based cohort of adult Singaporeans. This observation is of significance in tropical countries with overlapping dengue and COVID-19 outbreaks.
Single and Combined Serum Proteins Expressed in TB Infection are Candidates for Point-of-care Diagnostic Testing of Active TB Patients in Lambaréné, Gabon
Authors: Essone Paulin N , Lotola-Mougeni Fabrice , Adegbite Bayode R , Kokou Kossiwa , Otogo N'Nang E , Mabicka Eddy , Alabi Ayodele , Djoba Siawaya Joel F , Kremsner Peter G , Grobusch Martin P , Agnandji Selidji T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Point-of-care testing using nonsputum samples like serum or plasma proteins can improve tuberculosis (TB) patients access to a definitive diagnosis, especially in resource-constrained and remote areas. Recently, approximately 400 proteins were identified as playing a role in the pathogenesis of TB, offering a translational clinical research repository for TB. In a previous manuscript, we proved the potential use of these proteins for point-of-care testing for active TB diagnosis. The present work aims to confirm the performance of single and combination proteins to select the best candidate biomarkers for further development as a diagnostic testing tool for active TB.

Methods
Seventy-four participants were assessed on the diagnostic performance of 17 single proteins and combinations of 2 to 4 proteins to diagnose active TB. The selection criteria included differential expression of the proteins between active TB and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and a performance rate ≥70% for active TB.

Results
SULT4A1, WASPF3, SPTLC1, FAM107B, SORCS2, and CYTOb561 were differentially expressed in TB compared to CAP patients. Two single proteins, SULT4A1 and WASPF3, performed ≥70% to discriminate active TB from CAP patients. The diagnostic performance of 3 protein-based combinations of active TB was 81% after leave-one-out cross-validation.

Conclusion
Single proteins and 3 protein-based combinations are candidate biomarkers for diagnosing active TB disease. A large and prospective study will confirm their performance as complementary diagnostic tools to rapid diagnostic methods for detecting active TB.
Artemisinin-induced cholestatic liver injury and intrahepatic ductopenia
Authors: Thio Joel , Haig Adam , Swe Ei Phyu Phyu , Nguyen Paul , Tran Kayla , Kasi Madhavi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Artemisinin, an ancient Chinese herbal remedy known colloquially as “Qinghao”, is now used as treatment for malaria as recommended by the World Health Organisation. There have been few reports of artemisinin-induced liver injury. Most of these instances of hepatotoxicity are reportedly due to prolonged use of herbal remedies containing artemisinin. To our knowledge, we report the first case of intrahepatic ductopenia in a patient with cholestatic liver injury after artemisinin use.
Calls to action on lung cancer management and research
Authors: Meyer May-Lucie , Hirsch Fred R , Bunn Paul A , Ujhazy Peter , Fredrickson David , Berg Christine D , Carbone David P , Halmos Balazs , Singh Harpreet , Borghaei Hossein , Ferris Andrea , Langer Corey , Dacic Sanja , Mok Tony S , Peters Solange , Johnson Bruce E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, remains a pressing health issue despite significant medical advances. The New York Lung Cancer Foundation brought together experts from academia, the pharmaceutical and biotech industries as well as organizational leaders and patient advocates, to thoroughly examine the current state of lung cancer diagnosis, treatment, and research. The goal was to identify areas where our understanding is incomplete and to develop collaborative public health and scientific strategies to generate better patient outcomes, as highlighted in our “Calls to Action.” The consortium prioritized 8 different calls to action. These include (1) develop strategies to cure more patients with early-stage lung cancer, (2) investigate carcinogenesis leading to lung cancers in patients without a history of smoking, (3) harness precision medicine for disease interception and prevention, (4) implement solutions to deliver prevention measures and effective therapies to individuals in under-resourced countries, (5) facilitate collaborations with industry to collect and share data and samples, (6) create and maintain open access to big data repositories, (7) develop new immunotherapeutic agents for lung cancer treatment and prevention, and (8) invest in research in both the academic and community settings. These calls to action provide guidance to representatives from academia, the pharmaceutical and biotech industries, organizational and regulatory leaders, and patient advocates to guide ongoing and planned initiatives.
Dosimetric and radiobiological advantages from deep inspiration breath-hold and free breath technique for left-sided breast radiation using 3DCRT, IMRT and Rapid Arc methods—a complete assessment
Authors: Dashnamoorthy Sougoumarane , Jeyasingh Ebenezar , Rajamanickam Karthick , Pitchaikannu Venkatraman , Nachimuthu Kathiresan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The verification and use of the best treatment approach using 3D conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and Rapid Arc methods for left breast radiation with dosimetric and radiobiological characteristics. The use of custom-built Python software for the estimation and comparison of volume, mean dose, maximum dose, monitor units and normal tissue integral dose along with radiobiological parameters such as NTCP, tumor control probability, equivalent uniform dose and LKB’s effective volume from 3DCRT, IMRT and Rapid Arc planning with deep inspiration with breath holding (DIBH) and free breadth (FB) techniques. Volume growth of three-fourth in DIBH compared with FB causes a decrease in cardiac doses and complications because the left lung expands, pulling the heart away from the chest wall and the treatment area. A tiny area of the left lung was exposed during treatment, which reduced the mean dose. There was little difference in the treatment approaches because the spinal cord was immobile in both techniques. Rapid Arc is the unmatched modality for left-sided breast irradiation with significant patient breath-hold, as shown by the comparison of dosimetric and radiobiological parameters from treatment techniques with a deep inspiration breath-hold approach.
Comparison of the equivalent doses of the eye lenses, thyroid, and mammary gland among three pediatric and one adult anthropomorphic phantom during the chest CT examinations using a 40 mm volume helical scan
Authors: Masuda Takanori , Kiguchi Masao , Fujioka Chikako , Oku Takayuki , Ishibashi Toru , Katsunuma Yasushi , Yoshitake Takayasu , Abe Shuji , Awai Kazuo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Equivalent doses for the eye lenses, thyroid, and mammary glands were measured and compared between one adult and three pediatric anthropomorphic phantoms during chest computed tomography (CT) using 40 mm volume helical scan on the Aquilion ONE GENESIS Edition CT equipment. Placing an optically stimulated luminescence dosemeter (OSLD) on the eye lenses, thyroid, and mammary gland, we measured and compared the equivalent dose of OSLD among different phantoms during chest CT using a helical scan. Compared with adults, the equivalent doses to the eye lens, thyroid, and mammary glands were ~81%, 77%, and 63% lower in newborns, 1-year-olds, and 5-year-olds using comparable image noise during chest CT.
Rhizomicrobiomics
Authors: Lynch Jim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Rhizomicrobiomics is the study of plant-associated microbes as a strategy for achieving sustainable development goals. With the development of the concept of microbiomes of soil/plant systems, the history leading to this concept over more than a century is reviewed. Microbial growth and community dynamics are discussed from both laboratory and field perspectives. The first use of the term microbiome applied to biological control of plant diseases, but it now seems appropriate to use the specific term rhizomicrobiome to describe the myriads of microbial functions that influence soil health, food production, bioremediation, and climate change. The advance and implications of molecular biology and modern imaging, along with functional analysis of ecosystems from space, coupled with artificial intelligence and machine learning, are indicated as ways to investigate the application of rhizomicrobiomics in achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals to generate a cleaner planet and secure the future supply of food.