bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities in mental health outcomes among lung cancer survivors associated with ruralness of residence
Authors: Andrykowski Michael A. , Steffens Rachel F. , Bush Heather M. , Tucker Thomas C. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjectiveHealthy People 2020 identifies elimination of health disparities as a key aim. Rural residence is associated with disparities in cancer screening, physical morbidity, and survival. The present study aimed to identify potential disparities in mental health (MH) outcomes (e.g., anxiety and depression symptoms, distress) in lung cancer (LC) survivors associated with ruralness of residence.MethodsLung cancer survivors (LC group; n = 193; mean age = 63.1 years; mean time since diagnosis = 15.6 months) were recruited from the population‐based SEER Kentucky Cancer Registry. LC survivors completed a telephone interview and questionnaire assessing MH outcomes. U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural–Urban Continuum Codes were used to identify Rural (n = 117) and Urban (n = 76) LC survivors. A healthy comparison (HC) group was recruited (n = 152) and completed a questionnaire assessing MH outcomes.ResultsAcross six MH indices, Rural LC survivors reported poorer MH relative to Urban LC survivors with a mean effect size (ES) of 0.43 SD in unadjusted analyses and 0.29 SD in analyses adjusted for education and physical comorbidity. Comparison of the LC and HC groups revealed significant Ruralness × Group interactions for five of six MH indices. The Rural LC group reported poorer MH than the Rural HC group with a mean ES of 0.51 SD. The MH of Urban LC and HC groups did not differ (mean ES = 0.00 SD).ConclusionsRural residence is a risk factor for poorer MH outcomes for LC survivors. The MH of Rural LC survivors may be more negatively impacted by cancer diagnosis and treatment than the MH of Urban LC survivors. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pristine and functionalized capped carbon nanotubes under electric fields
Authors: Machado de Menezes Vivian , Mota Ronaldo , Zanella Ivana , Fagan Solange Binotto 
Published: November 2013

The structural and electronic properties of end‐capped carbon nanotubes (CCN) functionalized by carboxyl, amine, amide, and hydroxyl chemical groups under the action of electric fields are investigated through first‐principles simulations based on density functional theory. Changes in the original properties of the functionalized capped nanotubes are observed due to the application of external electrical fields and the responses for different intensities are shown to be nonlinear. It is demonstrated that there are optimum values for the electric field to obtain the most stable binding energies for the studied systems. In all cases, the energy levels are rearranged to stabilize the systems and electric dipole moments are induced toward the incident electric field. It is also shown that these electric dipole moments generate polarized nanotubes and the previously weak physical interactions between molecules with the tube surface would become stronger and, by binding chemically, allow the manipulation of the intrinsic properties of the nanotubes.The structural and electronic properties of end‐CCN pristine and functionalized by carboxyl, amine, amide, and hydroxyl chemical groups under the action of electric fields are investigated through first‐principles simulations based on the density functional theory.
A remote cancelable palmprint authentication protocol based on multi‐directional two‐dimensional PalmPhasor‐fusion
Authors: Leng Lu , Teoh Andrew Beng Jin , Li Ming , Khan Muhammad Khurram 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTBiometric template security and privacy issues are critical in biometric authentication systems and require special attention. However, remote biometric authentication systems demand wider array of measures for maximum protection. This paper proposes a remote cancelable palmprint authentication protocol based on multi‐directional two‐dimensional PalmPhasor‐fusion. The main contribution is three‐fold. First, with a transposition direction selection mechanism, multi‐directional two‐dimensional PalmPhasor (MTDPP) improves the accuracy performance of two‐dimensional PalmPhasor. Second, we provide the theoretical analysis of the effect of transposition on the accuracy performance of two‐dimensional PalmPhasor, and hence establish an effective transposition direction range for the proposed MTDPP. Third, according to our analysis, the existing remote palmprint authentication system does not satisfy non‐invertibility criterion of secure template protection and is vulnerable to interception. Besides, secret message embedding as a countermeasure for database attacks deteriorates accuracy performance and causes inconvenience in updating authenticator. The proposed protocol uses multi‐directional two‐dimensional PalmPhasor‐fusion, one‐time random number encrypted with asymmetric cryptography and encrypted hash codes of MTDPP to address the problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Water security: pipe dream or reality? A global perspective from the UK
Authors: Norton Michael R. 
Published: November 2013

In Earth's 45th millionth century, a looming and global crisis of fresh water scarcity is on our doorstep—a crisis that is accelerating through our unbridled development, burgeoning demand for food and energy, and the effects of climate change. Only 0.1% of the total global water volume of the 1.4 billion km3 is accessible fresh water, and we are already withdrawing one third of our accessible renewable water resource, much of which is needed to sustain our ecosystems and biodiversity. Using the lens of virtual water, I argue that the UK faces water security challenges of a scale unseen by most of its population due to its dependence on other nations, many of which are water stressed, for three quarters of its water. Estimates suggest that we would need to invest five times the current global rate in new water supplies if we are to meet the projected demand in 20 years time. With little chance of investment of such scale taking place, there is a compelling need for water professionals to emerge from their comfort zone. Engineers can play a pivotal role in addressing the water sustainability challenges, by engaging with politicians, decision makers, and those with influencing power. New models for integrated water management are needed to address complex multi‐stakeholder demand patterns. While we can and should develop cost‐efficient water technology, water professionals must grasp this moment to put themselves at the center of water science, technology, politics, environment, and economics. WIREs Water 2014, 1:11–18. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1005This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water
Human Water > Water Governance
Optimization of Lipase‐Catalyzed Interesterification of Flaxseed Oil and Tricaprylin Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Khodadadi Maryam , Kermasha Selim 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe biosynthesis of structured lipids (SL) in organic solvent media was carried out by the interesterification of flaxseed oil (FO) and tricaprylin (TC), using Novozym 435. The bioconversion yield (BY, %) of medium‐long‐medium type SL, including C‐caprylic and Ln‐linolenic acids (CLnC), La‐linoleic acid (CLaC) and O‐oleic acid (COC), was monitored. Response surface methodology was used to obtain significant models for the responses, on the basis of a five level, five variable central composite rotatable design. In the experimental preliminary trials significant reaction parameters, including reaction temperature (Tr), TC/FO molar ratio (Mr), enzyme concentration (Ec), reaction time (Rt) and initial water activity (aw), were considered for optimization. Significant models for CLnC, CLaC and COC were determined after regression analysis with backward elimination. The optimal conditions, generated for a maximum CLnC, CLaC and COC, were found to be 54.50–56.25 °C forTr, 6.23–6.25 mol/mol forMr, 2.68–3.13 % forEc, 36.58–37.50 h forRtand 0.15–0.33 foraw. Under these optimum conditions, the BY of CLnC, CLaC and COC was predicted to be 32.48–36.67, 3.26–3.38 and 5.79–6.16 %, respectively.
Hypothalamic food intake regulation in a cancer‐cachectic mouse model
Authors: Dwarkasing Jvalini T. , van Dijk Miriam , Dijk Francina J. , Boekschoten Mark V. , Faber Joyce , Argilès Josep M. , Laviano Alessandro , Müller Michael , Witkamp Renger F. , van Norren Klaske 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundAppetite is frequently affected in cancer patients leading to anorexia and consequently insufficient food intake. In this study, we report on hypothalamic gene expression profile of a cancer‐cachectic mouse model with increased food intake. In this model, mice bearing C26 tumour have an increased food intake subsequently to the loss of body weight. We hypothesise that in this model, appetite‐regulating systems in the hypothalamus, which apparently fail in anorexia, are still able to adapt adequately to changes in energy balance. Therefore, studying changes that occur on appetite regulators in the hypothalamus might reveal targets for treatment of cancer‐induced eating disorders. By applying transcriptomics, many appetite‐regulating systems in the hypothalamus could be taken into account, providing an overview of changes that occur in the hypothalamus during tumour growth.MethodsC26‐colon adenocarcinoma cells were subcutaneously inoculated in 6 weeks old male CDF1 mice. Body weight and food intake were measured three times a week. On day 20, hypothalamus was dissected and used for transcriptomics using Affymetrix chips.ResultsFood intake increased significantly in cachectic tumour‐bearing mice (TB), synchronously to the loss of body weight. Hypothalamic gene expression of orexigenic neuropeptides NPY and AgRP was higher, whereas expression of anorexigenic genes CCK and POMC were lower in TB compared to controls.In addition, serotonin and dopamine signalling pathways were found to be significantly altered in TB mice. Serotonin levels in brain showed to be lower in TB mice compared to control mice, while dopamine levels did not change. Moreover, serotonin levels inversely correlated with food intake.ConclusionsTranscriptomic analysis of the hypothalamus of cachectic TB mice with an increased food intake showed changes in NPY, AgRP and serotonin signalling. Serotonin levels in the brain showed to correlate with changes in food intake. Further research has to reveal whether targeting these systems will be a good strategy to avoid the development of cancer‐induced eating disorders.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13539‐013‐0121‐y) contains supplementary material.
Risk factors for prolonged length of stay after colorectal surgery
Authors: Campos Lobato Luiz Felipe de , Ferreira Patrícia Cristina Alves , Wick Elizabeth C. , Kiran Ravi P. , Remzi Feza H. , Kalady Matthew F. , Vogel Jon D. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjective Colorectal surgeons often struggle to explain to administrators/payers reasons for prolonged length of stay (LOS). This study aim was to identify factors associated with increased LOS after colorectal surgery.Design The study population included patients from the 2007 American-College-of-Sur- geons-National-Surgical-Quality-Improvement-Program (ACS-NSQIP) database undergoing ileocolic resection, segmental colectomy, or anterior resection. The study population was divided into normal (below 75th percentile) and prolonged LOS (above the 75th percentile). A multivariate analysis was performed using prolonged LOS as dependent variable and ACS- NSQIP variables as predictive variables. P-value < 0.01 was considered significant.Results 12,269 patients with a median LOS of 6 (inter-quartile range 4-9) days were includ- ed. There were 2,617 (21.3%) patients with prolonged LOS (median 15 days, inter-quartile range 13-22). 1,308 (50%) were female, and the median age was 69 (inter-quartile range 57-79) years. Risk factors for prolonged LOS were male gender, congestive heart failure, weight loss, Crohn's disease, preoperative albumin < 3.5 g/dL and hematocrit < 47%, base- line sepsis, ASA class ≥ 3, open surgery, surgical time ≥ 190 min, postoperative pneumonia, failure to wean from mechanical ventilation, deep venous thrombosis, urinary-tract in- fection, systemic sepsis, surgical site infection and reoperation within 30-days from the primary surgery.Conclusion Multiple factors are associated with increased LOS after colorectal surgery. Our results are useful for surgeons to explain prolonged LOS to administrators/payers who are critical of this metric.
Current trends regarding protective ileostomy after restorative proctocolectomy
Authors: Campos Fábio Guilherme C. M. de 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe decision to perform a protective ileostomy after ileoanal-pouch anastomosis is con- troversial, and most of the discussion is based on its advantages and disadvantages. Al- though a temporary intestinal diversion has been routinely indicated in most patients, this choice is also associated with complications. The present work aims to review the outcomes after restorative proctocolectomy with or without a protective ileostomy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and polyposis syndromes. Most papers emphasize that di- version protects against anastomosis leaks; consequently, it may prevent pelvic sepsis and pouch failure. Otherwise, a defunctioning ileostomy may cause morbidity such as dehydra- tion, electrolyte imbalance, psychological problems, skin irritation, anastomosis strictures and intestinal obstruction, among others. There are those who believe that the omission of an ileostomy after the confection of ileal pouches should be reserved for selected patients, with quite acceptable results. The selection criteria should include surgeon, patient and procedure features to ensure a good outcome.
Management of ileal pouch prolapse with endoscopic hot snare
Authors: Wu Xian-rui , Liu Xiu-li , Lan Nan , Shen Bo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPouch prolapse is a complication following the creation of restorative proctocolectomy. There is a paucity of information in the literature pertaining to its management. An ileal J pouch patient with dyschezia presented to our Pouch Center. Under sedation, pouchoscopy was performed with a gastroscope. We detected an anterior distal pouch mucosal prolapse, 1.5 cm in diameter, blocking the anal canal. The prolapsed mucosa was excised with hot snare under a retroflex view. There was no bleeding or perforation. The entire procedure took 25 minutes. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was discharged home 30 minutes after post-procedural observation. The patient reported the resolution of the dyschezia symptom. The histopathological examination of excised specimen showed small bowel mucosa and sub-mucosa with changes compatible with mucosal prolapse. Endoscopic hot snare appears to be feasible in the management of pouch mucosal prolapse.
Unusual finding after resection of rectal adenocarcinoma: Report of two cases
Authors: Vieira Natalia Pranzetti , Ayrizono Maria de Lourdes Setsuko , Rossi Débora Helena Gonçalves , Oliveira Priscilla de Sene Portel , Leal Raquel Franco , Fagundes João José , Coy Cláudio Saddy Rodrigues 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPelvic recurrence after resection of rectal adenocarcinoma is a feared complication and is associated with a worse prognosis and low resectability rates. The differential diagnosis is difficult, as biopsy is seldom performed preoperatively. We report two cases of desmoid pelvic tumor after resection of rectal adenocarcinoma. Therapeutic options and literature review are described.
Quality of life in patients with ileal pouch for ulcerative colitis
Authors: Tilio Marcela Soares Gonçalves de , Arias Larissa Berbert , Camargo Michel Gardere , Oliveira Priscila Sene Portel de , Panzetti Nathalia Vieira , Ayrizono Maria de Lourdes Setsuko , Leal Raquel Franco , Fagundes João José , Coy Claudio Saddy Rodrigues 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Introduction proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard surgical procedure for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and is associated with the prospect of cure. Experience gained over the years has demonstrated the occurrence of a high number of complications as well as bowel disorders that can compromise quality of life (QoL).
Objective evaluate QoL in patients with IPAA for ulcerative colitis.
Patients and methods the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) was used to assess QoL in patients with IPAA after its validation in Portuguese.
Results thirty-one patients submitted to IPAA by the same group of professionals were evaluated. QoL was classified as regular in all domains evaluated (intestinal and systemic symptoms and emotional and social aspects). There were no differences in relation to gender, type of pouch or postoperative time. However, elderly patients showed a tendency toward lower scores. Having a professional activity was associated with higher scores in systemic symptoms and social aspects (p < 0.05). Patients with ileostomy showed lower values in the domains of systemic symptoms, emotional and social aspects (p <0.05).
Conclusion in all domains assessed, patients with IPAA for UC had QoL classified as regular. Ileostomy and lack of professional activity negatively influenced QoL.
High macro rubber band ligature
Authors: Neto José A. Reis , Junior José A. Reis , Kagohara Odorino H. , Neto Joaquim Simões , Banci Sergio O. , Oliveira Luciane H. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Purpose The goal of a rubber band ligature is to promote fibrosis of the submucosa with subsequent fixation of the anal epithelium to the underlying sphincter. Following this principle, a new technique of ligature was developed based on two aspects:1. macro banding: to have a better fibrosis and fixation by banding a bigger volume of mucosa and2. higher ligature: to have this fixation at the origin of the hemorrhoidal cushion displacement.
Methods 1634 patients with internal hemorrhoidal disease grade II or III were treated by the technique called high macro rubber band. There was no distinction as to age, gender or race. To perform this technique a new hemorrhoidal device was specially designed with a larger diameter and a bigger capacity for mucosal volume aspiration. It is recommended to utilize a longer and wider anoscope to obtain a better view of the anal canal, which will facilitate the injection of submucosa higher in the anal canal and the insertion of the rubber band device. The hemorrhoidal cushion must be banded higher in the anal canal (4 cm above the pectinate line). It is preferable to treat all the hemorrhoids in one single session (maximum of three areas banded).
Results The analysis was retrospective without any comparison with conventional banding. The period of evaluation extended from one to twelve years. The analysis of the results showed perianal edema in 1.6% of the patients, immediate tenesmus in 0.8%, intense pain (need for parenteral analgesia) in 1.6%, urinary retention in 0.1% of the patients and a symptomatic recurrence rate of 4.2%. All patients with symptomatic recurrence were treated with a new session of macro rubber banding. None of the patients developed anal or rectal sepsis. Small post-ligature bleeding was observed only in 0.8% of the patients.
Conclusions The high macro rubber banding technique represents an alternative method for the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease grades II or III, with good results at a low cost. The analysis of the observed results showed a small incidence of minor complications, with a high index of symptomatic relief.
Cylindrical abdominoperineal resection rationale, technique and controversies
Authors: Lynn Patricio B. , Habr-Gama Angelita , Perez Rodrigo O. , Grzona Esteban , Sabbagh Charles , Gama-Rodrigues Joaquim J. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSurgery remains the cornerstone in rectal cancer treatment. Abdominoperineal excision (APE), described more than 100 years ago, remains as an important procedure for the treatment of selected advanced distal tumors with direct invasion of the anal sphincter or preoperative fecal incontinence. Historically, oncological outcomes of patients undergoing APE have been worse when compared to sphincter preserving operations. More recently, it has been suggested that patients undergoing APE for distal rectal cancer are more likely to have positive circumferential resection margins and intraoperative perforation, known surrogate markers for local recurrence. Recently, an alternative approach known as “Extralevator Abdominoperineal Excision” has been described in an effort to improve rates of circumferential margin positivity possibly resulting in better oncological outcomes compared to the standard procedure. The objective of this paper is to provide a technical description and compare available data of both Extralevator and Standard abdominal perineal excision techniques.
Human fibrinogen and thrombin patch for extraluminal protection of intestinal anastomosis
Authors: Kotze Paulo Gustavo , Barcelos Ivan Folchini de , Ropelato Renato Vismara , Coy Claudio Saddy Rodrigues 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn spite of recent advances regarding equipment and surgical techniques in colorectal surgery, rates of anastomotic dehiscence (AD) have remained stable throughout the years. The development of products to protect anastomosis aiming the reduction of AD rates has shown to be promising. Human fibrinogen and thrombin patch (HFTP Tachosil®) have been used in experimental studies in animals and small case series in humans, with promising results. In this study, the authors describe the technique of HFTP use in details, aiming the protection of colorectal anastomosis, and retrospectively demonstrate the preliminary results in a pilot case series. HFTP was used in 4 patients submitted to conventional surgery. The procedures performed were: left colon resection, segmental colectomy (both for colorectal cancer), enteral anastomosis for fistula closure and right ileocolectomy. Anastomotic healing and absence of complications were observed in 3 patients, and the patient submitted to right ileocolectomy developed AD and died after reoperation. The use of HFTP is safe and can be indicated in selected cases. However, AD can occur even after the use of this strategy. Randomized controlled trials with larger samples of patients are needed in order to properly define the real benefits of this strategy in dehiscence prevention
RHOB influences lung adenocarcinoma metastasis and resistance in a host‐sensitive manner
Authors: Luis-Ravelo Diego , Antón Iker , Zandueta Carolina , Valencia Karmele , Pajares María-José , Agorreta Jackeline , Montuenga Luis , Vicent Silvestre , Wistuba Ignacio I. , De Las Rivas Javier , Lecanda Fernando 
Published: November 2013

Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) is the most common lung cancer subtype and presents a high mortality rate. Clinical recurrence is often associated with the emergence of metastasis and treatment resistance. The purpose of this study was to identify genes with high prometastatic activity which could potentially account for treatment resistance.Global transcriptomic profiling was performed by robust microarray analysis in highly metastatic subpopulations. Extensive in vitro and in vivo functional studies were achieved by overexpression and by silencing gene expression.We identified the small GTPase RHOB as a gene that promotes early and late stages of metastasis in ADC. Gene silencing of RHOB prevented metastatic activity in a systemic murine model of bone metastasis. These effects were highly dependent on tumor‐host interactions. Clinical analysis revealed a marked association between high RHOB levels and poor survival. Consistently, high RHOB levels promote metastasis progression, taxane‐chemoresistance, and contribute to the survival advantage to γ‐irradiation. We postulate that RHOB belongs to a novel class of “genes of recurrence” that have a dual role in metastasis and treatment resistance.