bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic, gastric and intestinal first‐pass effects of vitexin‐2′′‐O‐rhamnoside in rats by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Gao Yucong , Du Yang , Ying Zheming , Leng Aijing , Zhang Wenjie , Meng Yihan , Li Cuiyu , Xu Liang , Ying Xixiang , Kang Tingguo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPrevious research in our laboratory found that the absolute bioavailability of vitexin‐2′′‐O‐rhamnoside (VR) was quite low at 4.89%. A rapid and sensitive UHPLC method using hesperidin as an internal standard was therefore developed and validated to investigate the reasons for this by determining VR in rat plasma after administering intravenously, intraportally (5 mg/kg), intraduodenally and intragastrically (40 mg/kg) to the rat model of the hepatic, gastric and intestinal first‐pass effects. As only a high intestinal first‐pass effect of VR was found, that is, there existed a low bioavailability of VR (2.40%), inhibitors of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) and cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A), including verapamil, cyclosporin A and midazolam, and absorption enhancers, including bile salts and borneol, combined with VR, were instilled into duodenum to evaluate the effects on bioavailability of VR. The results demonstrated that area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) values of VR slightly increased after administration of verapamil, cyclosporin A and midazolam, indicating that CYP3A and P‐gp do not play an important role in the first‐pass effect in the intestine. AUC values of VR significantly increased after administering bile salts or borneol, indicating that the low bioavailability of VR was mainly related to its poor absorption in the intestine. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A combination of solid‐phase extraction and dispersive solid‐phase extraction effectively reduces the matrix interference in liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection during pyraclostrobin analysis in perilla leaves
Authors: Farha Waziha , Rahman Md. Musfiqur , Abd El‐Aty A. M. , Jung Da‐I. , Kabir Md. Humayun , Choi Jeong‐Heui , Kim Sung‐Woo , Jeong Im So , Lee Young‐Jun , Shin Ho‐Chul , Kwon Chan‐Hyeok , Son Young‐Wook , Lee Kang‐Bong , Shim Jae‐Han 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPerilla leaves contain many interfering substances; thus, it is difficult to protect the analytes during identification and integration. Furthermore, increasing the amount of sample to lower the detection limit worsens the situation. To overcome this problem, we established a new method using a combination of solid‐phase extraction and dispersive solid‐phase extraction to analyze pyraclostrobin in perilla leaves by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection. The target compound was quantitated by external calibration with a good determination coefficient (R2 = 0.997). The method was validated (in triplicate) with three fortification levels, and 79.06– 89.10% of the target compound was recovered with a relative standard deviation <4. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.0033 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. The method was successfully applied to field samples collected from two different areas at Gwangju and Muan. The decline in the resiudue concentrations was best ascribed to a first‐order kinetic model with half‐lives of 5.7 and 4.6 days. The variation between the patterns was attributed to humidity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inflammation and depression: combined use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and NSAIDs or paracetamol and psychiatric outcomes
Authors: Köhler Ole , Petersen Liselotte , Mors Ole , Gasse Christiane 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol have been shown to yield the potential of adjunctive antidepressant treatment effects to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs); however, when investigating treatment effects of concomitant use, simultaneous evaluation of potential adverse events is important. The objective was thus to investigate treatment effectiveness and safety aspects of concomitant SSRI use with NSAIDs or paracetamol.MethodsWithin a 25% random sample of the Danish population, we identified all incident SSRI users between 1997 and 2006 (N = 123,351). Effectiveness and safety measures were compared between periods of SSRI use only and periods of combined SSRI and NSAID or paracetamol use by applying Cox regression.ResultsAmong 123,351 SSRI users (follow‐up: 53,697.8 person‐years), 21,666 (17.5%) used NSAIDs and 10,232 (8.3%) paracetamol concomitantly. Concomitant NSAID use increased the risk of any psychiatric contact [Hazard rate ratio (95%‐confidence interval): 1.22 (1.07; 1.38)] and with depression [1.31 (1.11; 1.55)]. Low‐dose acetylsalicylic acid reduced the risk of psychiatric contact in general [0.74 (0.56; 0.98)] and with depression [0.71 (0.50; 1.01)]. Ibuprofen reduced the risk of psychiatric contacts [0.76 (0.60; 0.98)]. Concerning safety, paracetamol was associated with increased mortality [3.18 (2.83; 3.58)], especially cardiovascular [2.51 (1.93; 3.28)]. Diclofenac [1.77 (1.22; 2.55)] and the selective COX‐2 inhibitors [1.75 (1.21; 2.53)] increased mortality risks.ConclusionsConcomitant use of SSRIs and NSAIDs occurred frequently, and effectiveness and safety outcomes varied across individual NSAIDs. Especially low‐dose acetylsalicylic acid may represent an adjunctive antidepressant treatment option. The increased mortality risk of concomitant use of paracetamol needs further investigation.
Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus in children using amplatzer duct occluder II: Relationship between PDA type and risk of device protrusion into the descending aorta
Authors: Masri Samer , El Rassi Issam , Arabi Mariam , Tabbakh Anas , Bitar Fadi 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy and safety of Amplatzer Duct Occluder II (ADOII) among the various patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) types, and to assess the association between development of aortic obstruction and the PDA type in terms of measurable parameters as the device angulation and distance of upper end protrusion into the aortic lumen.MethodsRetrospective cohort study involving 50 consecutive subjects who underwent ADO II device closure of PDA.ResultsThe median age and weight at intervention were 13 months (5.5 months to 18 years) and 11 (6–67) kg respectively. The median smallest ductal diameter by angiography was 3.2 (1.9–5.4) mm. Thirty two patients had type A PDA, 5 had type C, 5 had type D, and 8 had type E. Residual shunt was seen in only 1 patient who had a tubular PDA and resolved within 2 months of the procedure. No device embolization or pulmonary side protrusion were noted. There was a 16% aortic protrusion rate. The median distance of protrusion of the upper end of the device into the aortic lumen was 3.1 (0–9) mm and the median angle formed between the aortic end of the device and the PDA take‐off was 10.4 (0–80.6) degrees. These latter parameters of aortic obstruction were significantly higher in the non‐conical PDA group as compared to the conical PDA. Nevertheless, there was no significant coarctation due to aortic retention disc protrusion.ConclusionDevice closure of PDA using the ADO II is a safe procedure for chosen types of PDA. We demonstrated a novel technique for objective assessment of device protrusion into the descending aorta based on measurable parameters. ADOII device closure of non‐conical PDAs warrants closer follow ups. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Balloon valvuloplasty for congenital aortic stenosis: Multi‐center safety and efficacy outcome assessment
Authors: Torres Alejandro , Vincent Julie A. , Everett Allen , Lim Scott , Foerster Susan R. , Marshall Audrey C. , Beekman Robert H. , Murphy Joshua , Trucco Sara M. , Gauvreau Kimberlee , Holzer Ralf , Bergersen Lisa , Porras Diego 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo describe contemporary outcomes of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAVP) performed in 22 US centers. Background: BAVP constitutes first‐line therapy for congenital aortic stenosis (cAS) in many centers.MethodsWe used prospectively‐collected data from two active, multi‐institutional, pediatric cardiac catheterization registries. Acute procedural success was defined, for purposes of this review, as a residual peak systolic gradient ≤ 35 mm Hg and no more than mild aortic regurgitation (AR) for patients with isolated cAS. For patients with mixed aortic valve disease, a residual peak systolic gradient ≤ 35 mm Hg without worsening of AR was considered successful outcome.ResultsIn 373 patients with a median age of 8 months (1 day to 40 years of age) peak systolic gradient had a median of 59 [50, 71] mm Hg pre‐BAVP and 22 [15, 30] mm Hg post‐BAVP (P < 0.001). Procedural success was achieved in 160 patients (71%). The factors independently associated with procedural success were: first time intervention (OR = 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) P = 0.04), not‐prostaglandin dependent, (OR=3.5 (1.5, 8.1); P = 0.003), and isolated cAS (absence of AR) (OR = 2.1 (1.1–3.9); P = 0.03). Twenty percent of patients experienced adverse events, half of which were of high severity. There was no procedural mortality. Neonatal status was the only factor associated with increased risk of high severity adverse events (OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.5–9.0).ConclusionIn the current era, BAVP results in procedural success (gradient reduction with minimal increase in AR) in 71% of patients treated at US centers where BAVP is considered first‐line therapy relative to surgery. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Variability in utilization of drug eluting stents in United States: Insights from nationwide inpatient sample
Authors: Panaich Sidakpal S. , Badheka Apurva O. , Arora Shilpkumar , Patel Nileshkumar J. , Thakkar Badal , Patel Nilay , Singh Vikas , Chothani Ankit , Deshmukh Abhishek , Agnihotri Kanishk , Jhamnani Sunny , Lahewala Sopan , Manvar Sohilkumar , Panchal Vinaykumar , Patel Achint , Patel Neil , Bhatt Parth , Savani Chirag , Patel Jay , Savani Ghanshyambhai T. , Solanki Shantanu , Patel Samir , Kaki Amir , Mohamad Tamam , Elder Mahir , Kondur Ashok , Cleman Michael , Forrest John K. , Schreiber Theodore , Grines Cindy 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesWe studied the trends and predictors of drug eluting stent (DES) utilization from 2006 to 2011 to further expound the inter‐hospital variability in their utilization.BackgroundWe queried the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2006 and 2011 using ICD‐9‐CM procedure code, 36.06 (bare metal stent) or 36.07 (drug eluting stents) for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Annual hospital volume was calculated using unique identification numbers and divided into quartiles for analysis.Methods and ResultsWe built a hierarchical two level model adjusted for multiple confounding factors, with hospital ID incorporated as random effects in the model. About 665,804 procedures (weighted n = 3,277,884) were analyzed. Safety concerns arising in 2006 reduced utilization DES from 90% of all PCIs performed in 2006 to a nadir of 69% in 2008 followed by increase (76% of all stents in 2009) and plateau (75% in 2011). Significant between‐hospital variation was noted in DES utilization irrespective of patient or hospital characteristics. Independent patient level predictors of DES were (OR, 95% CI, P‐value) age (0.99, 0.98–0.99, <0.001), female(1.12, 1.09–1.15, <0.001), acute myocardial infarction(0.75, 0.71–0.79, <0.001), shock (0.53, 0.49–0.58, <0.001), Charlson Co‐morbidity index (0.81,0.77–0.86, <0.001), private insurance/HMO (1.27, 1.20–1.34, <0.001), and elective admission (1.16, 1.05–1.29, <0.001). Highest quartile hospital (1.64, 1.25–2.16, <0.001) volume was associated with higher DES placement.ConclusionThere is significant between‐hospital variation in DES utilization and a higher annual hospital volume is associated with higher utilization rate of DES. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of pseudo‐resistance on the effect of renal denervation on 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure levels
Authors: Lambert Thomas , Nahler Alexander , Reiter Christian , Gammer Verena , Blessberger Hermann , Kammler Jürgen , Grund Michael , Saleh Karim , Schwarz Stefan , Steinwender Clemens 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundRenal denervation (RDN) is a promising treatment option in addition to medical antihypertensive treatment in patients suffering from resistant hypertension. Despite the growing interest in RDN, the negative result of the Symplicity HTN‐3 trial led to a debate on the efficacy of RDN.MethodsWe systematically investigated the effects of RDN, evaluated by 24‐hr ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM), in a consecutive series of patients with resistant hypertension, which was defined by a mean office systolic blood pressure (SBP) >160 mm Hg (>150 mm Hg in patients with diabetes). Patients with a mean 24‐hr SBP of less than 130 mm Hg at baseline were classified as pseudo‐resistant, while all other patients were classified as true‐resistant. After six months, we analyzed the response rates in true‐resistant and in pseudo‐resistant patients, respectively, by the means of 24‐hr ABPM. Thereby, patients with a reduction of more than 5 mm Hg in 24‐hr SBP were classified as responders.ResultsRDN was performed in 106 patients. By 24‐hr ABPM, 20 patients (18.9%) were classified as pseudo‐resistant patients. In this cohort, we only found two responders (response rate 10%) six months after RDN. By contrast, in true‐resistant patients, the response rate was almost 60% and the mean BP reduction was −18.6/−9 mm Hg in 24‐hr ABPM.ConclusionsWe found a significant BP reduction in almost 60% of patients with true‐resistant hypertension, but only in 10% in patients with pseudo‐resistant hypertension. According to our results, patient selection seems to be crucial for acceptable response rates after RDN. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fluidized‐Bed Chemical Vapor Deposition of Silicon on Very Dense Tungsten Powder
Authors: Vanni Florence , Montaigu Mélanie , Caussat Brigitte , Ablitzer Carine , Iltis Xavière , Brothier Méryl 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA very dense tungsten powder was coated by silicon from silane using the fluidized‐bed chemical vapor deposition process. A reactor of reduced diameter was developed in order to decrease the weight of powders treated. Results show that the fluidization of this powder is possible in this reactor, but with non‐optimal gas solid contact induced by the high powder density. Important disturbances of the fluidized‐bed temperatures appeared in the presence of silane, due to a partial bed defluidization related to the cohesive nature of the deposit. These disturbances are clearly exacerbated by the exceptional density of the particles. This is probably why a powder agglomeration has been unavoidable when the bed temperature was too low and/or the silane inlet concentration too high. However, a set of operating parameters could be found, allowing a uniform and continuous coating of the whole powder surface.
Process Intensification Tools in the Small‐Scale Pharmaceutical Manufacturing of Small Molecules
Authors: Mitic Aleksandar , Gernaey Krist V. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe chemical process industry is paying significant attention to the intensification of processes with the main aim of achieving increased productivity, improved economic status, and enhanced sustainability. The pharmaceutical industry is moving in the same direction and, therefore, dozens of processes are in a state of change. However, it is important to note that not all processes can be intensified easily, such as slow chemical reactions, processes with solids, slurries, and on the like. This review summarizes applications of promising tools for achieving process intensification in the small‐scale pharmaceutical manufacturing of so‐called small molecules. The focus is on microwave radiation, microreactors, ultrasounds, and meso‐scale tubular reactors.
Numerische Berechnung physikalischer Schäumungsprozesse auf unterschiedlichen Größenskalen
Authors: Gruber Florian , Piesche Manfred 
Published: May 2015

AbstractEine Simulationsmethode zur numerischen Berechnung physikalischer Schaumbildungsprozesse wird vorgestellt. Ein Mikroskalenmodell ermöglicht die Vorhersage der zeitlichen Änderung des Schaumvolumens, indem der Wachstumsvorgang einer einzelnen Schaumblase in Abhängigkeit der gegebenen Prozessbedingungen beschrieben wird. Zur Darstellung der dreidimensionalen Schaumexpansion auf der Makroskala wird die berechnete Wachstumsdynamik innerhalb eines Simulationsmodells auf Basis der Finite‐Volumen‐Methode eingebunden. Das Berechnungsverfahren wird anhand diskontinuierlicher und kontinuierlicher Schäumversuche validiert.
Randomized clinical control study of locoregional therapy combined with arsenic trioxide for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Hui , Liu Ying , Wang Xiu , Liu Donghui , Sun Zhiqiang , Wang Chun , Jin Gang , Zhang Beiguang , Yu Shilong 
Published: May 2015

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of locoregional therapy (LRT) combined with arsenic trioxide (As2O3) treatment in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.METHODSOne hundred twenty‐five primary HCC patients were recruited for a randomized controlled study. Patients were randomly divided into group A (n = 61) and group B (n = 64). All patients received transarterial chemoembolization. Group A patients were given As2O3 at 10 mg/d for 4 courses (21 days per course) with a 2‐week interval between courses. Survival times, therapeutic responses, extrahepatic metastases, and adverse events were recorded.RESULTSA better therapeutic response was found in group A patients, as shown by higher objective response rate (ORR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) values in group A versus group B (ORR, 81.96% [95% confidence interval (CI), 72.32%‐91.62%] vs 59.37% [95% CI, 47.34%‐71.41%], χ2 = 7.650, P < .05; CBR, 95.08% [95% CI, 89.66%‐100.00%] vs 81.25% [95% CI, 71.69%‐90.81%], χ2 = 5.659, P < .05). There were fewer patients with extrahepatic metastases in group A versus group B (group A, 6 cases or 9.84% [95% CI, 2.36%‐17.31%]; group B, 12 cases or 18.75% [95% CI, 9.19%‐28.31%]). The survival rate for group A patients was significantly higher than that for group B patients (P < .05). No significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of hematology or digestive system, liver, or kidney dysfunction except for facial and limb edema.CONCLUSIONSLRT combined with As2O3 treatment prevents extrahepatic metastasis and prolongs the survival time for primary HCC patients. Cancer 2015;121:2917–2925. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Digital gene expression profiling of a series of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules
Authors: Giannini Riccardo , Torregrossa Liborio , Gottardi Stefano , Fregoli Lorenzo , Borrelli Nicla , Savino Mauro , Macerola Elisabetta , Vitti Paolo , Miccoli Paolo , Basolo Fulvio 
Published: May 2015

BACKGROUNDFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been widely accepted as the most crucial step in the preoperative assessment of thyroid nodules. Testing for the expression of specific genes should improve the accuracy of FNAC diagnosis, especially when it is performed in samples with indeterminate cytology.METHODSIn total, 69 consecutive FNACs that had both cytologic and histologic diagnoses were collected, and expression levels of 34 genes were determined in RNA extracted from FNAC cells by using a custom digital mRNA counting assay. A supervised k‐nearest neighbor (K‐nn) learning approach was used to build a 2‐class prediction model based on a subset of 27 benign and 26 malignant FNAC samples. Then, the K‐nn models were used to classify the 16 indeterminate FNAC samples.RESULTSMalignant and benign thyroid nodules had different gene expression profiles. The K‐nn approach was able to correctly classify 10 FNAC samples as benign, whereas only 1 sample was grouped in the malignant class. Two malignant FNAC samples were incorrectly classified as benign, and 3 of 16 samples were unclassified.CONCLUSIONSAlthough the current data will require further confirmation in a larger number of cases, the preliminary results indicate that testing for specific gene expression appears to be useful for distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions. The results from this study indicate that, in indeterminate FNAC samples, testing for cancer‐specific gene expression signatures, together with mutational analyses, could improve diagnostic accuracy for patients with thyroid nodules. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015;123:461–70. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Evaluating the eco‐hydrologic impacts of reforestation in the Loess Plateau, China, using an eco‐hydrologic model
Authors: Peng Hui , Tague Christina , Jia Yangwen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSince the 1950s, reforestation has been widely applied in the Loess Plateau in China as a soil and water conservation measure. We examine the eco‐hydrologic responses to reforestation in two neighbouring catchments in the Loess Plateau using Regional Hydro‐Ecologic Simulation System. We use limited observed streamflow and other eco‐hydrologic data to support and evaluate the model implementation and then apply the model to disentangle the relative roles played by inter‐annual variation and longer‐term trends in climate drivers and re‐growth following reforestation. Our model‐based analysis of trends in forest water use highlights the differences in the response of control and reforested catchments to similar declines in annual precipitation in this region over the past decades. Model estimates show that while reforestation does increase vegetation water use, the impacts on streamflow are small relative to the impact of precipitation trends on streamflow, and forest water use. Results illustrate how catchment differences in response to climate trends can confound interpretation of observed streamflow patterns in a paired catchment setting. Results also show that the greatest impact of reforestation is likely to be on groundwater recharge but also suggest that evaporation rather than transpiration is a significant contributor to hydrologic change. We also examine how declining trends in precipitation impact forest productivity. While the impact of historical precipitation declines on forest primary productivity is probably minor, model estimates suggest that forests are nearing a threshold above which further declines in precipitation will lead to more ecologically significant responses. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.