bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCM competencies in construction: issues and challenges in New Zealand
Authors: Ying J. Fei , Tookey John , Roberti Johannes 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to understand the nature and extent of current practice of construction supply chain management (CSCM) in the New Zealand (NZ) construction industry; consequently, to examine the challenges and issues that the industry is confronted in implementing an efficient CSCM. The construction industry, which contributes around 5 per cent to gross domestic product, is a vitally important industry in NZ. With over 50,000 businesses, the construction industry is the third largest industry by business count in NZ’s economy (Statistics New Zealand, 2009). Although it is widely accepted that productivity can be improved by adoption of effective supply chain management (SCM), no studies have investigated this at the tactical level in the NZ context.Design/methodology/approach– A case study approach is used for probing SCM practice on a NZ$75-million commercial project located in Auckland Central Business District. The supply chain network of the principal ground works and superstructure construction stages was studied.Findings– The key findings of the case study suggest that the flow of materials remains the main focus of CSCM practice. It was found that essential skills training for CSCM was extremely limited and largely ill-defined in terms of its nature and content. Finally, it was identified that as the NZ construction industry moves towards a significantly more collaborative framework, the efficacy of CSCM operations is expected to substantially improve. However, this last point did not negate the requirement to expand and improve skills training in CSCM.Originality/value– The results of the case study present that our best industry proponents are inadequate in their knowledge of CSCM as a result of education and training. This is a key issue that needs to be addressed through education at all levels. Similarly, they have virtually nil capability with logistics and the efficiency of transportation as a result of standard contractual costing procedures. Until the SCM/logistics knowledge gap is recognised and addressed, the improvements in logistics and, therefore, SCM will not occur in the NZ construction industry. That said, the findings related to partnering and collaborative thinking in NZ are encouraging. NZ has these elements largely in place already and a willingness to engage, particularly in alliances, in the future. It remains to be seen whether there will be sufficient energy expended in NZ by the leading players to create effective partnering and alliancing through improving SCM and logistics competencies.
Evidence and leading indicators of change success
Authors: Arnold Paul 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– This paper discusses the important issues relating to the management of corporate change and includes an appropriate case study. It will benefit all business leaders, particularly those involved with the development of change strategies and the implementation of those strategies. Paul Arnold’s experience will improve their understanding of change management by providing the tools that will enable them to effectively understand and assess the progress of change initiatives in their organization.

Findings
– Every organization is subject to change, and virtually, everyone within the organization will be affected by change. Such is the impact of a rapidly evolving marketplace that organizational change management has become a permanent feature of the business landscape. To be effective, organizational change must be able to genuinely transform the business. Yet in the relentless search for new techniques to revolutionize the way things are done, and in the haste to manage technological discontinuities, many organizations fail to adequately develop, communicate and execute their vision for the change.

Originality/value
– The recently developed Change Index discussed in this paper provides a concrete and clear measurement system that enables management to effectively understand and assess progress of change initiatives in their organization. The paper benefits all business leaders, particularly those involved with the development of change strategies and the implementation of those strategies.
Understanding the relationship between mental models, conflict and conflict asymmetry
Authors: Bergiel Erich B. , Gainey Thomas W. , Bergiel Blaise J. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to test theoretically based hypotheses linking task and team-shared mental models (SMMs) with multiple dimensions of conflict and conflict asymmetry. SMMs are viewed as an underlying mechanism of team processes. While current research has begun to clarify their influence on functional team processes, their influence on dysfunctional processes is still unknown.Design/methodology/approach– The survey was administered to 17 graduate business classes working on intense semester-long group projects. A total of 295 individual responses were received which comprised 90 (N= 90) teams.Findings– Results suggest that team SMMs reduce all dimensions of conflict and relationship conflict asymmetry, while task SMMs increase all dimensions of conflict and relationship conflict asymmetry.Research limitations/implications– This study captured the influence of SMMs on conflict at one stage of group development. Future research should examine the impact of SMMs on conflict at multiple stages of group development.Originality/value– This study contributes to the literature on both mental models and conflict. In addition, based on our literature review, it was the first to empirically link SMMs and conflict asymmetry.
A novel metalloproteinase virulence factor is involved in Bacillus thuringiensis pathogenesis in nematodes and insects
Authors: Peng Donghai , Lin Jian , Huang Qiong , Zheng Wen , Liu Guoqiang , Zheng Jinshui , Zhu Lei , Sun Ming 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe Gram‐positive soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis has been developed as the leading microbial insecticide for years. The pathogenesis of B. thuringiensis requires common extracellular factors that depend on the PlcR regulon, which regulates a large number of virulence factors; however, the precise role of many of these proteins is not known. In this study, we describe the complete lifecycle of a nematicidal B. thuringiensis strain in the free living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans using in vitro and in vivo molecular techniques to follow host and bacterial effectors during the infection process. We then focus on the metalloproteinase ColB, a collagenase, which was found highly important for destruction of the intestine thereby facilitates the adaptation and colonization of B. thuringiensis in C. elegans. In vivo green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter‐gene studies showed that ColB expression is highly induced and regulated by the global activator PlcR. Finally, we demonstrated that ColB also takes part in B. thuringiensis virulence in an insect model following injection and oral infection. Indeed, addition of purified ColB accelerates the action of Cry toxin proteins in insects, too. These results give novel insights into host adaptation for B. thuringiensis and other B. cereus group bacteria and highlight the role of collagenase metalloproteases to synergize infection process.
Diverse seed banks favour adaptation of microalgal populations to future climate conditions
Authors: Kremp Anke , Oja Johanna , LeTortorec Anniina H. , Hakanen Päivi , Tahvanainen Pia , Tuimala Jarno , Suikkanen Sanna 
Published: September 2015

SummarySelection of suitable genotypes from diverse seed banks may help phytoplankton populations to cope with environmental changes. This study examines whether the high genotypic diversity found in the Baltic cyst pool of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii is coupled to phenotypic variability that could aid short‐term adaptation. Growth rates, cellular toxicities and bioluminescence of 34 genetically different clones isolated from cyst beds of four Baltic bloom sites were determined in batch culture experiments along temperature and salinity gradients covering present and future conditions in the Baltic Sea. For all parameters a significant effect of genotype on the response to temperature and salinity changes was identified. General or site‐specific effects of the two factors remained minor. Clones thriving at future conditions were different from the best performing at present conditions, suggesting that genotypic shifts may be expected in the future. Increased proportions of highly potent saxitoxin were observed as a plastic response to temperature increase, indicating a potential for higher toxicity of future blooms. The observed standing variation in Baltic seed banks of A. ostenfeldii suggests that the population is likely to persist under environmental change.
What's in a name? Clients’ experiences of single session therapy
Authors: O'Neill Imogen 
Published: September 2015

A growing body of research suggests that single session therapy (SST) can offer an efficient and effective service. In order to complement this research a recent exploratory study set out to examine client experiences of participating in a service offering single session family therapy. Telephone interviews were conducted with twenty‐five clients to explore their experience of SST and their satisfaction with the service they had received. Although the study was limited in scope and design, the results suggest that (i) most clients found SST had been helpful and responsive to their needs and (ii) most respondents did not report being discomforted or discouraged at the prospect that their contact with the service might involve one or two contacts. Though a small minority of clients expressed some concerns that SST might indicate a lack of availability of service, these worries were alleviated once they had met the therapist.Practitioner points

SST therapy is a framework for family therapy practice that is generally experienced by clients as helpful and responsive to their needs.
Therapists can maximize their potential effectiveness with clients by viewing every contact with families as complete in itself.
SST therapy offers opportunities for family therapists to make their services more accessible.
‘We usually just start dancing our Indian dances’: urban American Indian (AI) female youths’ negotiation of identity, health and the body
Authors: Jette Shannon , Roberts Erica Blue 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this article, we utilise qualitative research techniques to explore how 14 urban American Indian (AI) females (aged 11–17) living in the state of Maryland discursively construct and experience health and the body, as well as how/if traditional culture shapes their understandings. In doing so, we address a significant gap in the knowledge base concerning the health beliefs of urban AI youth, and build upon research utilising a decolonising approach. Using a two‐step process of thematic analysis and poststructuralist discourse analysis, we arrived at three key findings: (1) while youths are taught (and learn) mainstream lessons about health and bodily norms (mostly at school), they negotiate these lessons in complex and at times contradictory ways; (2) they do not view their AI status as conferring more or less risk upon them or their community; and (3) AI identity appears to be fluid in nature, becoming more salient, even a resource, in certain situations. We conclude with a discussion of the importance of spaces within the urban context in shaping youths' embodied subjectivities, and in particular, contrast the space of the school with that of the urban AI community centre.
Culture and poverty: a case study of a girl with special educational needs from a poor community in South India
Authors: Philip Neetha 
Published: September 2015

Girls with disabilities from lower economic homes are disadvantaged (in terms of gender, disability and poverty) in India, and are often regarded as useless by their communities. There is a need to improve and provide a chance for self‐sufficiency among women with disabilities in India.The purpose of this study was to examine the life‐chances (i.e. the likelihood of living a self‐sufficient life) of girls with disabilities in rural India and subsequently suggest ways through which one can improve these life chances. The study was a single‐case study that used data from semi‐structured interviews carried out in rural Bangalore.It was found, based on the interviews and available literature on the issue, that women with disabilities are at a disadvantage, especially those in rural settings. The most significant factors that seem to affect the life chances of the subject in the study were parental hesitation, a lack of opportunities and low self‐esteem and confidence. The study suggests awareness programmes, counselling and the implementation of home‐based education services as some ways through which the life‐chances of girls with disabilities are likely to improve.
Taking an Attention‐Grabbing “Headlines First!” Approach to Engage Students in a Lecture Setting
Authors: Harris G. Keith , Stevenson Clint , Joyner Helen 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLet's face it. Traditional lectures do not consistently capture our students’ attention, especially when they are PowerPoint‐driven and lack student/instructor interaction. Most of us have had the unfortunate feeling that our students were not fully engaged in our lectures, despite hours of preparation on our part. This sense of “wasted” investment of time can be especially frustrating for pretenure faculty, who must balance teaching, research, extension and administrative (as well as personal) responsibilities in order to be successful. How can we engage students in our course content, given limited time and resources to prepare lecture material and demonstrations? Active learning strategies are a possibility, but shifting courses from a lecture format to problem‐based learning or a flipped format requires a significant time and effort investment from the instructor. Why not start by making lecture more fun and engaging for our students? Storytelling is an effective and efficient means of getting and maintaining our students’ attention and interest during lecture to drive home key points. The BSCS (Biological Sciences Curriculum Study) 5E Instructional Model provides a conceptual framework that emphasizes the primacy of student engagement in science education (Bybee). Our goal here is to provide practical examples and external references to show how “Headlines First!” storytelling can be used effectively to engage students in the science classroom.
Suicide by Shotgun in Southeastern Minnesota
Authors: Blessing Melissa M. , Lin Peter T. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSuicide by shotgun is a common method of suicide with high regional variation. We sought to describe their distinct, challenging features and provide demographic and risk characteristics. We reviewed 228 gunshot wounds autopsied at Mayo Clinic from 1994 to 2014; of these, 75 (32.9%) were shotgun wounds. All were suicides and contact range. Ages ranged from 14 to 92 years old; of these, 97% were men. The majority involved the head (70.9%), were intraoral (48.2%), and had upward (73.2%) and backward (73.2%) directionality. Next most common was the chest (21.5%), with backward (94.1%) and downward (64.7%) directionality. Four involved multiple wounds. Wadding was recovered in 16 (21.3%) cases. Six (8.0%) had a survival period. Most (66.7%) took place at home. Seventy‐one percent had a known psychiatric history; 32.4% had positive toxicology. Although contact range shotgun wounds cause severe destruction, entrance wound and other characteristic are identifiable with thorough scene, autopsy, and radiographic documentation.
Application of Sensory Evaluation, HS‐SPME GC‐MS, E‐Nose, and E‐Tongue for Quality Detection in Citrus Fruits
Authors: Qiu Shanshan , Wang Jun 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this study, electronic tongue (E‐tongue), headspace solid‐phase microextraction gas chromatography‐mass spectrometer (GC‐MS), electronic nose (E‐nose), and quantitative describe analysis (QDA) were applied to describe the 2 types of citrus fruits (Satsuma mandarins [Citrus unshiu Marc.] and sweet oranges [Citrus sinensis {L.} Osbeck]) and their mixing juices systematically and comprehensively. As some aroma components or some flavor molecules interacted with the whole juice matrix, the changes of most components in the fruit juice were not in proportion to the mixing ratio of the 2 citrus fruits. The potential correlations among the signals of E‐tongue and E‐nose, volatile components, and sensory attributes were analyzed by using analysis of variance partial least squares regression. The result showed that the variables from the sensor signals (E‐tongue system and E‐nose system) had significant and positive (or negative) correlations to the most variables of volatile components (GC‐MS) and sensory attributes (QDA). The simultaneous utilization of E‐tongue and E‐nose obtained a perfect classification result with 100% accuracy rate based on linear discriminant analysis and also attained a satisfying prediction with high coefficient association for the sensory attributes (R2 > 0.994 for training sets and R2 > 0.983 for testing sets) and for the volatile components (R2 > 0.992 for training sets and R2 > 0.990 for testing sets) based on random forest. Being easy‐to‐use, cost‐effective, robust, and capable of providing a fast analysis procedure, E‐nose and E‐tongue could be used as an alternative detection system to traditional analysis methods, such as GC‐MS and sensory evaluation by human panel in the fruit industry.
Mechanism of Polyphosphates Hydrolysis by Purified Polyphosphatases from the Dorsal Muscle of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix) as Detected by 31P NMR
Authors: Liu Wei , Xu Meng , Zhang Yawei , Wang Fulong , Hui Teng , Cui Baowei , Guo Xiuyun , Peng Zengqi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe dynamic hydrolysis of tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and polyphosphate compound, which was catalyzed by purified pyrophosphatase (PPase) and myosin‐ tripolyphosphatase (TPPase) from the silver carp dorsal muscle, was studied using 31P NMR spectroscopy. In the PPase + TSPP system, the pyrophosphate (PP) was hydrolyzed quickly and completely within 8 h and the hydrolysis rate of PP was 12.51%/h. In the TPPase + STPP system, the first‐order hydrolysis of tripolyphosphate (TPP) was not yet complete after 48 h, and the derived PP accumulated progressively. Given the coexistence of PPase and TPPase, only 1.20% of TPP in STPP alone remained after 48 h. However, the generation rate of Pi in the polyphosphate compound (TSPP: STPP: sodium hexametaphosphate = 1: 8: 1) was 0.76%/h, which was less than 0.88%/h in STPP alone. In the presence of polyphosphatases, the decrease of PP or TPP content in the polyphosphate compound was not as rapid as that in TSPP or STPP alone due to the inhibitory effect of PP on TPPase and the effect of low system pH on PPase. The understanding of polyphosphates hydrolysis mechanism was capable of developing the advanced polyphosphate mixture in order to reduce the phosphate residue in fish products.
Homeostatic dysregulation proceeds in parallel in multiple physiological systems
Authors: Li Qing , Wang Shengrui , Milot Emmanuel , Bergeron Patrick , Ferrucci Luigi , Fried Linda P. , Cohen Alan A. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryAn increasing number of aging researchers believes that multi‐system physiological dysregulation may be a key biological mechanism of aging, but evidence of this has been sparse. Here, we used biomarker data on nearly 33 000 individuals from four large datasets to test for the presence of multi‐system dysregulation. We grouped 37 biomarkers into sixa priorigroupings representing physiological systems (lipids, immune, oxygen transport, liver function, vitamins, and electrolytes), then calculated dysregulation scores for each system in each individual using statistical distance. Correlations among dysregulation levels across systems were generally weak but significant. Comparison of these results to dysregulation in arbitrary ‘systems’ generated by random grouping of biomarkers showed thata prioriknowledge effectively distinguished the true systems in which dysregulation proceeds most independently. In other words, correlations among dysregulation levels were higher using arbitrary systems, indicating that onlya priorisystems identified distinct dysregulation processes. Additionally, dysregulation of most systems increased with age and significantly predicted multiple health outcomes including mortality, frailty, diabetes, heart disease, and number of chronic diseases. The six systems differed in how well their dysregulation scores predicted health outcomes and age. These findings present the first unequivocal demonstration of integrated multi‐system physiological dysregulation during aging, demonstrating that physiological dysregulation proceeds neither as a single global process nor as a completely independent process in different systems, but rather as a set of system‐specific processes likely linked through weak feedback effects. These processes – probably many more than the six measured here – are implicated in aging.
CALHM1 and its polymorphism P86L differentially control Ca2+ homeostasis, mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling, and cell vulnerability upon exposure to amyloid β
Authors: Moreno‐Ortega Ana José , Buendia Izaskun , Mouhid Lamia , Egea Javier , Lucea Susana , Ruiz‐Nuño Ana , López Manuela G. , Cano‐Abad María F. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe mutated form of the Ca2+ channel CALHM1 (Ca2+ homeostasis modulator 1), P86L‐CALHM1, has been correlated with early onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). P86L‐CALHM1 increases production of amyloid beta (Aβ) upon extracellular Ca2+ removal and its subsequent addback. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the overexpression of CALHM1 and P86L‐CALHM, upon Aβ treatment, on the following: (i) the intracellular Ca2+ signal pathway; (ii) cell survival proteins ERK1/2 and Ca2+/cAMP response element binding (CREB); and (iii) cell vulnerability after treatment with Aβ. Using aequorins to measure the effect of nuclear Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]n) and cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]c) on Ca2+ entry conditions, we observed that baseline [Ca2+]n was higher in CALHM1 and P86L‐CALHM1 cells than in control cells. Moreover, exposure to Aβ affected [Ca2+]c levels in HeLa cells overexpressing CALHM1 and P86L‐CALHM1 compared with control cells. Treatment with Aβ elicited a significant decrease in the cell survival proteins p‐ERK and p‐CREB, an increase in the activity of caspases 3 and 7, and more frequent cell death by inducing early apoptosis in P86L‐CALHM1‐overexpressing cells than in CALHM1 or control cells. These results suggest that in the presence of Aβ, P86L‐CALHM1 shifts the balance between neurodegeneration and neuronal survival toward the stimulation of pro‐cytotoxic pathways, thus potentially contributing to its deleterious effects in AD.