bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clustering Longitudinal Data: A Review of Methods and Software Packages
Authors: Lu Zihang 
Published: August 2024

SummaryClustering of longitudinal data is becoming increasingly popular in many fields such as social sciences, business, environmental science, medicine and healthcare. However, it is often challenging due to the complex nature of the data, such as dependencies between observations collected over time, missingness, sparsity and non‐linearity, making it difficult to identify meaningful patterns and relationships among the data. Despite the increasingly common application of cluster analysis for longitudinal data, many existing methods are still less known to researchers, and limited guidance is provided in choosing between methods and software packages. In this paper, we review several commonly used methods for clustering longitudinal data. These methods are broadly classified into three categories, namely, model‐based approaches, algorithm‐based approaches and functional clustering approaches. We perform a comparison among these methods and their corresponding R software packages using real‐life datasets and simulated datasets under various conditions. Findings from the analyses and recommendations for using these approaches in practice are discussed.
Making space for time: Strategies for the design of time‐aware hybrid work
Authors: Griva Anastasia , Chandra Kruse Leona , Hattinger Monika , Högberg Karin , Pappas Ilias O. , Conboy Kieran 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTime is central to many debates about hybrid work‐ the impact on speed and productivity, commute times, and synchronisation of work. However, we argue that time is often over‐simplified in extant hybrid work literature and tends to ignore many temporal concepts that capture the inherently complex, multi‐faceted, subtle, and socially embedded nature of time. To address this issue, we conducted studies of five hybrid work teams across two large organisations. The paper contributes to current research on hybrid work by (i) illustrating the various temporal concepts that may be considered in the design of hybrid work environments, as well as the impact of considering or not considering them; (ii) illustrating how these temporal concepts in a physical space can be augmented in the digital space, rather than assuming the digital space should simply represent the physical; and (iii) providing a framework for the consideration of time–aware hybrid work. We hope to spark scientific interest in studying the temporal nuances of hybrid work but also the temporal aspects of design in other areas.
Aqueous extract of Descuraniae Semen attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammation by inhibiting ER stress and WNK4‐SPAK‐NKCC1 pathway
Authors: Hsieh Po‐Chun , Huang Kun‐Lun , Peng Chung‐Kan , Wu Yao‐Kuang , Liu Guan‐Ting , Kuo Chan‐Yen , Wang Ming‐Chieh , Lan Chou‐Chin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSepsis causes systemic inflammatory responses and acute lung injury (ALI). Despite modern treatments, sepsis‐related ALI mortality remains high. Aqueous extract of Descuraniae Semen (AEDS) exerts anti‐endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects. AEDS alleviates inflammation and oedema in ALI. Sodium‐potassium‐chloride co‐transporter isoform 1 (NKCC1) is essential for regulating alveolar fluid and is important in ALI. The NKCC1 activity is regulated by upstream with‐no‐lysine kinase‐4 (WNK4) and STE20/SPS1‐related proline/alanine‐rich kinase (SPAK). This study aimed to investigate the effects of AEDS on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ALI model in A549 cells, considering the regulation of ER stress, WNK4‐SPAK‐NKCC1 cascades, inflammation and apoptosis. Cell viability was investigated by the CCK‐8 assay. The expressions of the proteins were assessed by immunoblotting analysis assays. The levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines were determined by ELISA. The expression of cytoplasmic Ca2+ in A549 cells was determined using Fluo‐4 AM. AEDS attenuates LPS‐induced inflammation, which is associated with increased pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression and activation of the WNK4‐SPAK‐NKCC1 pathway. AEDS inhibits the WNK4‐SPAK‐NKCC1 pathway by regulating of Bcl‐2, IP3R and intracellular Ca2+. WNK4 expression levels are significantly higher in the WNK4‐overexpressed transfected A549 cells and significantly decrease after AEDS treatment. AEDS attenuates LPS‐induced inflammation by inhibiting the WNK4‐SPAK‐NKCC1 cascade. Therefore, AEDS is regarded as a potential therapeutic agent for ALI.
Diabetes mellitus exacerbates inflammation in a murine model of ligature‐induced peri‐implantitis: A histological and microtomographic study
Authors: Silva Davi N. A. , Monajemzadeh Sepehr , Casarin Maísa , Chalmers Jaclyn , Lubben Jacob , Magyar Clara E. , Tetradis Sotirios , Pirih Flavia Q. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the influence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in a murine model of peri‐implantitis (PI).Materials and MethodsTwenty‐seven 4‐week‐old C57BL/6J male mice had their first and second maxillary left molars extracted. Eight weeks later, one machined implant was placed in each mouse. Four weeks after osseointegration, the mice were divided into three groups: (a) control (C), (b) PI and (c) DM + PI. DM was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) administration. After DM induction, PI was induced using ligatures for 2 weeks. The hemimaxillae were collected for micro‐CT and histological analyses. The primary outcomes consisted of linear (mm) and volumetric (mm3) bone loss. Secondary outcomes were based on histological analysis and included inflammatory infiltrate, osteoclastic activity, matrix organization, composition and remodelling. Data are presented as means ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed using one‐way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test.ResultsGingival tissue oedema was detected in the PI and DM + PI groups. Micro‐CT showed significantly increased linear and volumetric bone loss in the DM + PI group compared to the C and PI groups. H&E staining showed greater inflammatory response and bone resorption in the PI and DM + PI groups than in the C group. The DM + PI group had significantly higher osteoclast numbers than the C and PI groups. Picrosirius red stained less for types I and III collagen in the PI and DM + PI groups than in the C group. There was a significant increase in monocyte/macrophage (CD‐11b) counts and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP‐2 and MMP‐8) marker levels and a significant decrease in the matrix metalloproteinases inhibition marker (TIMP‐2) levels in the DM + PI group compared to the C and PI groups.ConclusionsDM exacerbates PI‐induced soft‐tissue inflammation, matrix degradation and bone loss.
Causal association between cystatin C and diabetic retinopathy: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ruan Yimeng , Zhang Ping , Li Xiangzhe , Jia Xinru , Yao Dongwei 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo explore the causal relationship between cystatin C levels and different stages of diabetic retinopathy through Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsThe MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit provided the Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) data related to cystatin C (exposure). GWAS data for outcomes [DR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), severe non‐proliferative background diabetic retinopathy (SNPBDR)] were sourced from the FinnGen. Adopted Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW), MR‐Egger regression MR‐PRESSO, Weighted Median, Constrained Maximum Likelihood and Model Averaging (cML‐MA), Weighted model, Radial MR, and MR‐Lasso to estimate the causal relationship between cystatin C and diabetic retinopathy. We conducted multivariable MR analysis to evaluate the independent causal effects of cystatin C levels on diabetic retinopathy.ResultsBased on the IVW method, we observed a causal relationship between cystatin C and diabetic retinopathy [odds ratio (OR)random effect = 1.137, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.035–1.250]/PDR (ORrandom effect = 1.123, 95%CI: 1.004–1.255)/SNPBDR (ORfixed effect = 2.002, 95%CI: 1.343–2.986). Consistent findings were obtained through the cML‐MA method. Cochran's Q test suggested the presence of heterogeneity between the cystatin C level and instrumental variables in relation to diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, respectively. After adjusting for outliers using MR‐PRESSO and Radial MR, it was observed that the statistical significance of the association between cystatin C level and diabetic retinopathy persists. Reverse MR analysis indicated that genetically related SNPBDR may influence the cystatin C level. In multivariable MR analysis, there were indications suggesting a causal relationship of cystatin C with the risk of DR/PDR/SNPBDR adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsThis study utilizes Mendelian randomization analyses to establish a causal relationship between cystatin C and diabetic retinopathy, and reveals the impact of cystatin C on the risk of diabetic retinopathy, thus providing new evidence for clinical intervention of diabetic retinopathy.
Mortality events associated with microsporidian, Spraguea sp., in White Trevally culture in Japan
Authors: Kurobe Tomofumi , Kiryu Ikunari 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn 2021, White Trevally or Striped Jack cultured in the western part of Japan exhibited mild, but chronic mortalities from late September through early October. The cumulative mortality rate was approximately 0.02% per a net pen containing approximately 50,000 fish. Although the cumulative mortality rate was not high, most of the fish in net pens showed characteristic gross signs and an abnormal swimming behaviour. The body of diseased fish became pale and the yellow lines on the lateral sides of fish body became darken. In addition, silver lines along the dorsal fin became apparent. Loss of schooling behaviour was noted during the mortality event. In addition, affected fish became lethargic and failed to swim against current, or frequently stopped swimming and sank to the bottom of net pens after feeding. The goal of this study was to identify the cause of the mortality event. To achieve the goal, we used histopathology and metatranscriptome analysis. Histopathological examination revealed that xenoma of microsporidian were frequently observed in the nerve axon in the brain and spinal cord. Spores observed in the sections were stained with a fluorescent dye, Uvitex 2B, indicating those spores are microsporidian. The data from metatranscriptome analysis indicated that the microsporidian is Spraguea sp. The microsporidian was frequently detected from diseased fish with similar symptoms collected in the same region, suggesting that the microsporidian was highly associated with abnormal swimming behaviour of fish.
Making the leap from idea generation to implementation: Ten steps every geriatrics specialist should know
Authors: Agarwal Nimit , Pagali Sandeep R. , Sharma Kanishk D. , Walke Lisa M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis is an exciting time in Geriatrics, with numerous opportunities in health care for Geriatrics specialists to innovate and lead. Geriatrics specialists should know how to implement innovative care models to lead healthcare changes in their organizations and effectively facilitate change management. We highlight a 10‐step framework that Geriatrics specialists can leverage to quickly move their ideas from development to implementation at a system level. This framework adapts concepts from business management to provide a step‐by‐step guide to move from idea generation to implementation. We provide different practical examples that a Geriatrician can correlate to in their practice, including value proposition and business canvas model. Though small components of the business canvas model may vary based on organization and program/idea‐specific needs, the outlined skills will establish Geriatrics specialists as leaders of change, a resource for education, and valued consultants to a health system that is in dire need of direction to improve the quality of care, and health outcomes, for older adults.
Biodiversity impact assessment for finance
Authors: Kulionis Viktoras , Pfister Stephan , Fernandez Jeanne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBiodiversity loss, driven by human activities, significantly affects the environment, human societies, and economies. Using the extended multi‐regional input–output (EEMRIO) and life cycle assessment (LCA) techniques, we offer insights into how these methodologies can be used to inform financial decisions related to biodiversity focusing on two key aspects: biodiversity impacts and ecosystem service dependencies. Our method combines spatially explicit characterization factors from LC‐IMPACT with the Global Resource Input‐Output Assesment (GLORIA) database to estimate biodiversity impacts. As a case study we assess the biodiversity impact of the MSCI All Country World Index (MSCI ACWI) which consist of about 3000 large‐ and mid‐sized companies, from 23 developed and 24 emerging countries. The results demonstrate that most of the biodiversity impact is caused in the Americas, followed by Asia, despite its low representation in the index's country weight (6%). Europe shows the least impact. These results emphasize the need to account for global supply chain linkages as products sold in one country might have significant biodiversity impacts elsewhere due to sourcing of production inputs. Second, our results identify the main determinants of the index's impact: land use, followed by water stress and climate change. Although most of the impact is localized in few sectors, the distinct characteristics of these sectors require industry‐specific mitigation approaches. Finally, double materiality results show both, the influence companies have on biodiversity and the reciprocal effects. Companies neglecting these impacts risk financial setbacks, making it a crucial concern for investors.
A Divisia Measure of the Money Supply for Mexico
Authors: COLUNGA‐RAMOS LUIS FERNANDO , VALCARCEL VICTOR J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe produce the first measure of Divisia money for Mexico. Various structural VAR identifications with Divisia M4 as an indicator of monetary policy yield responses of production and prices that are in every case at least as sensible as—and generally offer an improvement over—their counterpart specifications with a short‐term offer rate as the indicator. Importantly, we find that our Divisia specifications do not require expanding the model's information set with commodity prices or the real exchange rate for a resolution of the price puzzle. We reach similar conclusions for Mexico to those Keating et al. (2019) arrive at for the U.S. economy.
Morphometry and skeletopy of kidneys and renal vessels in marmoset (Callithrix spp.)
Authors: Dünkel‐Duarte Rafaela , Estruc Thais Mattos , do Nascimento Renata Medeiros , Pissinatti Alcides , Souza‐Júnior Paulo de , dos Santos‐Sousa Carlos Augusto , Abidu‐Figueiredo Marcelo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMarmosets, Callithrix spp, are small New World monkeys that have gained importance as an experimental animal model for human. Despite its use, information on its renal morphometry, vascularization, and location are limited. Therefore, this study will supply basic anatomy for applied studies and for comparative anatomy.MethodsFifty cadavers of Callithrix spp were collected on highways from the Atlantic Forest biome, identified and injected with a 10% formaldehyde solution. Later, the specimens were dissected and the measurements and topography of the kidneys and renal vessels were recorded. Both left and right kidneys were significantly larger in females.ResultsIn the specimens studied, the average body length was 20.00 ± 2.46 cm in males and 20.50 ± 1.98 cm in females (p = .43). The kidneys of the Callithrix spp. were symmetrical in shape and resembled a “bean.” They were also pale brown with a smooth surface. In males, the most frequent location of the right kidney was at the L1–L2 level (92%), while the location of the left kidney was between L2 and L3 (76%). In females, the most frequent location of the right kidney was at the L1–L2 level (56%), while the location of the left kidney was between L2 and L3 (32%) (Table 1). However, in seven (28%) males and nine (36%) females, the kidneys were at the same level.ConclusionsIn both sexes, there was a positive and significant linear correlation between body length and kidney length. Regardless of the variable location of the kidneys in both sides and in either sexe, the right kidney was always located more cranially than the left, similar to observations in other non‐human primates.
Myosin superfamily members during myelin formation and regeneration
Authors: Yamazaki Reiji , Ohno Nobuhiko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMyelin is an insulator that forms around axons that enhance the conduction velocity of nerve fibers. Oligodendrocytes dramatically change cell morphology to produce myelin throughout the central nervous system (CNS). Cytoskeletal alterations are critical for the morphogenesis of oligodendrocytes, and actin is involved in cell differentiation and myelin wrapping via polymerization and depolymerization, respectively. Various protein members of the myosin superfamily are known to be major binding partners of actin filaments and have been intensively researched because of their involvement in various cellular functions, including differentiation, cell movement, membrane trafficking, organelle transport, signal transduction, and morphogenesis. Some members of the myosin superfamily have been found to play important roles in the differentiation of oligodendrocytes and in CNS myelination. Interestingly, each member of the myosin superfamily expressed in oligodendrocyte lineage cells also shows specific spatial and temporal expression patterns and different distributions. In this review, we summarize previous findings related to the myosin superfamily and discuss how these molecules contribute to myelin formation and regeneration by oligodendrocytes.image
Best evidence summary for aspiration prevention and management in critically ill patients with nasogastric feeding
Authors: Wang Aihua , Yang Juan , Jiang Lingli , Chen Juan , Ma Yuan , Wang YongHua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate and summarize the available evidence on the prevention and management of nasogastric aspiration in critically ill patients to inform the development of evidence‐based clinical practice.DesignThis study was an evidence summary according to the evidence summary reporting standard of the Fudan University Center for Evidence‐Based Nursing.MethodAccording to the ‘6S’ model of evidence resources, evidence on the prevention and management of aspiration in critically ill patients on nasogastric feeding was retrieved, including clinical decision‐making, best practices, guidelines, evidence summaries, expert consensus and systematic evaluations.DataUpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, JBI, National Guideline Clearing‐house, Guidelines International Network, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Registered Nurses Association of Ontario, Yi Mai tong Guidelines Network, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, OVID, Sinomed, CNKI, Wan Fang database. The search period was from January 2013 to June 2023.ResultsWe included a total of 30 high‐quality articles and summarized 36 pieces of evidence from them. These pieces of evidence covered 11 dimensions of multidisciplinary management, aspiration risk assessment, tube location, nutritional infusion management, position management, airway management, and oral hygiene. The level of evidence in the study was predominantly level 1 and level 5, with 27 pieces of evidence recommended as ‘strong’ and 9 pieces of evidence recommended as ‘weak’.ConclusionThis study summarizes 36 pieces of evidence on preventing and managing aspiration in critically ill patients with nasogastric feeding. But the characteristics of hospitals should be considered in the application of future evidence.ImpactAspiration is the most serious complication during nasogastric feeding, which seriously affects the prognosis of patients. Preventing and managing aspiration in nasogastric patients has proven to be a challenging clinical problem. This study summarized 36 pieces of best evidence in 11 dimensions, including multidisciplinary team, assessment and identification, line position, feeding management, and so on. The implementation of these evidences is conducive to standardizing the operation behaviour of nasogastric feeding in clinical medical staff and reducing the occurrence of aspiration.Reporting MethodThis research followed the evidence summary reporting specifications of the Fudan University Center for Evidence‐based Nursing.Trial RegistrationThe registration number is ‘ES20221368’.
Maxillectomy patients' speech and performance of contemporary speaker‐independent automatic speech recognition platforms in Japanese
Authors: Ali Ahmed Sameir Mohamed , Masaki Keita , Hattori Mariko , Sumita Yuka I. , Wakabayashi Noriyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAutomatic speech recognition (ASR) can potentially help older adults and people with disabilities reduce their dependence on others and increase their participation in society. However, maxillectomy patients with reduced speech intelligibility may encounter some problems using such technologies.ObjectivesTo investigate the accuracy of three commonly used ASR platforms when used by Japanese maxillectomy patients with and without their obturator placed.MethodsSpeech samples were obtained from 29 maxillectomy patients with and without their obturator and 17 healthy volunteers. The samples were input into three speaker‐independent speech recognition platforms and the transcribed text was compared with the original text to calculate the syllable error rate (SER). All participants also completed a conventional speech intelligibility test to grade their speech using Taguchi's method. A comprehensive articulation assessment of patients without their obturator was also performed.ResultsSignificant differences in SER were observed between healthy and maxillectomy groups. Maxillectomy patients with an obturator showed a significant negative correlation between speech intelligibility scores and SER. However, for those without an obturator, no significant correlations were observed. Furthermore, for maxillectomy patients without an obturator, significant differences were found between syllables grouped by vowels. Syllables containing /i/, /u/ and /e/ exhibited higher error rates compared to those containing /a/ and /o/. Additionally, significant differences were observed when syllables were grouped by consonant place of articulation and manner of articulation.ConclusionThe three platforms performed well for healthy volunteers and maxillectomy patients with their obturator, but the SER for maxillectomy patients without their obturator was high, rendering the platforms unusable. System improvement is needed to increase accuracy for maxillectomy patients.