bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schiff-base system of glutaraldehyde crosslinked chitosan- algae-montmorillonite clay K10 biocomposite: Adsorption mechanism and optimized for removal of methyl violet 2B dye
Authors: Sando Muna Sarhan , Farhan Ahlam M. , Jawad Ali H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Heren, Chitosan (CH), Algae (AL), and Montmorillonite clay K10 (MK10) were used in the hydrothermal synthesis of a new Schiff-base system of glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan-based biocomposite (CH-AL-MK10/GL) for the removal of a model cationic dye (MV (2B)) from aqueous environments. Various analytical methods were employed to evaluate the characteristics of the synthesized biocomposite (e.g., BET surface analysis method, elemental analysis, FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD, and point of zero charge). The key adsorption parameters (CH-AL-MK10/GL dose, pH, and time) were optimized using the BBD model and the optimum adsorption (%) value of 86.4% was achieved at the following operating conditions: CH-AL-MK10/GL dose: 0.99 g/100mL, pH: 8.3, time: 418min and a quadratic model was generated for predicting the dye removal values based on the adsorption conditions. The adsorption equilibrium data revealed great compatibility with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 98.3 mg/g. Hence, the adsorption of MV (2B) by CH-AL-MK10/GL was considered to be through chemisorption in an initially monolayered fashion which then proceeds to a multilayered model after the surface layer reaches a saturated state. The results of all the characterization methods as well as the adsorption equilibrium studies were utilized to determine the possible interactions between the CH-AL-MK10/GL surface and MV (2B) dye molecules and the electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonding, Yoshida hydrogen bonding and n- π stacking interactions were concluded to be responsible for the adsorption process.
Identification of oxidative stress-related diagnostic marker genes and immune landscape in interstitial cystitis by bioinformatics and machine learning
Authors: Fu Chaowei , Zhang Yuwei , Zhao Yu , Wang Shiyu , Zhou Yuhua , Lv Jing , Jin Shengkai , Liu Fengping , Feng Ninghan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic inflammatory disease with autoimmune associations that is challenging to diagnose and treat. Recent findings indicate that oxidative stress (OS) is a crucial pathophysiological mechanism in IC. Moreover, the interactions between OS, inflammation, and immune cell infiltration are highly complex. Therefore, this study aims to identify biomarkers linked to OS in the development of IC and to elucidate their relationship with immune cell infiltration. These findings could provide new research directions for the diagnosis and treatment of IC.
Methods
The GSE711783 dataset from the GEO database was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes in IC, while OS-related genes were obtained from the GeneCards database. Hub genes associated with OS were identified through integrated analysis using WGCNA and protein-protein interaction networks. Gene regulatory networks involving transcription factors, TF-miRNA interactions and gene-disease associations were analyzed using relevant databases. Diagnostic marker genes associated with OS were refined using machine learning algorithms. Subsequently, a nomogram diagnostic prediction model was developed and validated through in vitro experiments. Potential drug candidates were identified using the DSigDB database, and the immune landscape in IC was explored using the CIBERSORT algorithm.
Results
We identified a total of 68 differentially expressed genes related to OS, alongside 15 hub genes. Among these, four genes—BMP2, MMP9, CCK and NOS3—were further selected as diagnostic markers. Using the ANN model, ROC curve analysis, and nomogram diagnostic prediction model, all four genes demonstrated excellent diagnostic efficacy. Additionally, these genes exhibited strong associations with T cells CD4 memory resting, T cells CD4 memory activated, and Eosinophils. Finally, decitabine emerged as the most promising drug molecule for IC treatment.
Conclusion
We identified four diagnostic marker genes related to OS that are pivotal in the pathogenesis of IC, influencing both OS and immune responses. These findings highlight new avenues for research in the diagnosis and treatment of IC.
Optimizing Electron-Beam Photothermal Pyrolysis Parameters for Enhanced Molecular Biodegradability of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastics
Authors: Porandla Rishika 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), a synthetic plastic notable for its lack of biodegradability and harmful emissions during deterioration, has potential to be molecularly adjusted by Photo-Oxidative Ultraviolet (UV) Degradation. This research investigates the influence of electron beam irradiation and near-infrared (NIR) laser-induced photothermal treatment utilizing gold nanoparticles on PVC plastic in order to establish the optimized molecular weight and beam time exposure for biodegradable PVC properties. PVC powder samples with varying number-average molecular weights ranging from 20 kDa to 90 kDa, unplasticized PVC film, gold nanoparticles, and varying exposure time of a 100 kGy electron beam from 80 to 115 milliseconds were employed for the study. Outcomes from PVC irradiation reveal the optimal parameters for inducing biodegradability in samples while preserving structural integrity: an e-beam exposure duration of 95 milliseconds applied to PVC powder with a sample molecular weight of 20 kDa, though also causing discoloration due to polymer chain breakage and hydrogen embrittlement. Analysis of the ratio of number average molecular weight Mn and weight average molecular weight Mw demonstrated that shorter irradiation durations result in lower molecular weights. Later comparison of glass transition temperature Tg vs. molecular weight indicated how molecular weight is a factor of influence on Tg and crystallinity, which is low in biodegradable polymers. Future work will aim to scale up the procedure for industrial applications and investigate the treatment’s applicability to a variety of thermoplastics, including fluoropolymers, polyacrylates, and ethylene copolymers.
Correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress among patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Yang Kun , Geng Zhaoyang , Gong Yifan , Xiaohan Xu , Yan Shiyan , Zhang Haoran , Jiang Quan , Liu Hongxiao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The recurrent nature and prolonged course of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) impose substantial psychological disorders on patients. The aim of this study was to assess psychological disorders and analyze the overall risk of psychological disorders as well as the factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress in ankylosing spondylitis.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with AS were selected from the China Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry of Patients with Chinese Medicine (CERTAIN) database for data analysis. General demographic characteristics and disease-related features of the patients were collected. The study analyzed clinical differences between patients with and without psychological disorders. Specific clinical characteristics of depression, anxiety, and stress were statistically analyzed. Clinical factors associated with overall psychological status and specific psychological disorders (depression, anxiety and stress) were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.
Results
In our study cohort, 26.72% of AS patients were identified with psychological disorders, with 17.5% experiencing depression, 21.1% suffering from anxiety, and 7.9% reporting stress. We also observed significant overlaps among depression, anxiety, and stress in AS patients, with 53.47% experiencing multiple psychological disorders. Disease activity, health index, fatigue levels, and PGA were identified as significant factors associated with psychological disorders. Age, health index, fatigue levels, and PGA were the main influencing factors for depression; disease activity and PGA for anxiety; and disease activity, ASAS-HI, and fatigue for stress.
Conclusions
The study reveals a significant prevalence of psychological disorders among individuals with AS, which correlates closely with disease activity, health index, fatigue levels, and PGA. These findings highlight the imperative for assessment of psychological conditions into the comprehensive management approach for AS patients.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Women in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: OKUNADE Kehinde S. , BADMOS Kabir B. , OKORO Austin , AWOLOLA Nicholas A. , NWAOKORIE Francisca O. , ADELABU Hameed , ADEMUYIWA Iyabo Y. , ADEKANYE Temitope V. , AKHENAMEN Packson O. , ODOH Elizabeth , OKOYE Chinelo , AKANMU Alani S. , BANJO Adekunbiola A. , ANORLU Rose I. , BEREK Jonathan S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Given the synergistic relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, knowledge of the genotypic prevalence and associated factors of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) among HIV-infected women is crucial for developing targeted interventions such as appropriate screening tests and effective genotype-specific vaccination.
Objectives: We determined the prevalence of any HR-HPV and multiple HR-HPV infections and identified associated factors among a cohort of women living with HIV infections (WLHIV) in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study analysed the data of 516 WLHIV who underwent cervical cancer screening as part of the COMPASS-DUST study at the HIV treatment centre of Lagos University Teaching Hospital from July 2023 to March 2024. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were performed to explore factors associated with HR-HPV and multiple HR-HPV infections.
Results: Among the 516 WLHIV enrolled (mean age, 46.5±7.3 years), the overall HR-HPV prevalence was 13.4% (95% CI, 10.6–16.6), disaggregated as 3.3% for HPV16/18 (95% CI, 1.9–5.2) and 11.6% for other HR-HPV genotypes (95% CI, 9.0–14.7). Nineteen women (3.7%; 95% CI, 2.2–5.7)had multiple HR-HPV genotype infections. Having a recent serum CD4+ cell count ≤560 cells/µL (adjusted OR 3.32; 95% CI 1.06–10.38) and HPV 16/18 genotype infections (adjusted OR 38.98; 95% CI 11.93–127.37) were independently associated with an increased risk of multiple HR-HPV infections.
Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the epidemiology of HR-HPV infections and highlight the need for tailored interventions and continuous monitoring. By addressing these challenges through targeted screening, effective ART management, and vaccination programs, we can improve health outcomes and reduce the burden of cervical cancer in this vulnerable population.
Three-stage document-level entity relation extraction
Authors: Lu Ben , Wang Xianchuan , Ming Wenkai , Wang Xianchao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Document-level entity relation extraction aims to extract all relations between entity pairs from unstructured text. Aiming at the problems of multi-mention entity, long-distance entity Relation and complex relation reasoning, this paper proposes a document relation extraction Model TSDRE (Three stage document Relation extraction Model) based on text coreference resolution and relation reasoning. Firstly, the CorefQA model was used to resolve the referential pronouns in the document. Secondly, the document was cut by sentence, and the PRGC model was used to extract the relationship at sentence level. Finally, the information of entity pairs that may have complex relationships, relationship reasoning information and evidence statements are taken as known information, encoded and used as the input of the model, and the BERT model is used to reason about complex relationships and determine the possible relationship categories of entity pairs. The experimental results show that the proposed model is at least 0.18,0.15,0.21 higher than other comparison models in the three indicators of validation set F1, test set F1, and lgnF1. TSDRE can extract the entity pair relationship information contained in the document more accurately and comprehensively.
The treatment of Tofacitinib for rosacea through the inhibition of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Rui , Fan Huiping , Liu Jiayun , Gao Guomin , Liu Chengqi , Zhang Dong , Ma Weiyuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by facial erythema and telangiectasia. Despite ongoing research, the pathogenesis of rosacea remains incompletely understood, and current therapies are not entirely satisfactory. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway plays an essential role in immunoregulation, inflammation, and neurovascular regulation. Inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway appears to hold promise as a potential therapy for rosacea. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib on rosacea and to preliminarily explore its therapeutic mechanism. To this end, a rosacea-like mouse model was induced using LL37 and treated with a 2% tofacitinib emulsion. The results demonstrated that topical application of tofacitinib significantly ameliorated rosacea-like phenotype, reduced the infiltration of CD4+ T cells and mast cells, and suppressed dermal angiogenesis. RT-qPCR analysis revealed a reduction in mRNA expression levels of STAT1, STAT4, and STAT5a in skin lesions following topical tofacitinib treatment. Additionally, three patients diagnosed with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) were included in the study and treated with oral tofacitinib, leading to a significant improvement in erythema and flushing symptoms. These findings collectively suggest that tofacitinib alleviates LL37-induced rosacea-like skin inflammation in mice and rosacea skin lesions by inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
Absorption Spectroscopy of 40Ca Atomic Beams Produced via Pulsed Laser Ablation: A Quantitative Comparison of Ca and CaTiO3 Targets
Authors: Battles Kevin D. , McMahon Brian J. , Sawyer Brian C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Pulsed laser ablation is an increasingly prevalent method for fast ion trap loading of various species, however characteristics of the ablation target source material can affect the ion-loading process. One factor which can reduce the atomic flux from a target is oxidation during atmospheric exposure when preparing or making changes to the ion trap vacuum system. Recent work has shown that perovskite ablation targets produce consistent atomic densities even after exposure to atmosphere when compared to elemental source targets. In this work, we directly compare calcium (Ca) and calcium-titanate (CaTiO$_3$) ablation targets, characterizing the neutral atomic beam flux using resonant, time-resolved absorption spectroscopy of the 423 nm $^{1}S_0 \rightarrow$ $^{1}P_1$ transition in neutral Ca. We measure the ablation plume longitudinal and transverse temperatures, number density, ion production, and spot lifetime for each target. In addition, we compare the ablated atomic beam density for both targets before and after 21 hours of exposure to atmosphere, demonstrating the relative robustness of the CaTiO$_3$ source.
Brain and cancer associated binding domain mutations provide insight into CTCF’s relationship with chromatin and its ability to act as a chromatin organizer
Authors: Skok Jane , do catherine , Jiang Guimei , Cova Giulia , Katsifis Christos , Narducci Domenic , Yang Jie , Sakellaropoulos Theodore , Vidal Raphael , Lhoumaud Priscillia , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Regis Faye Fara , Kakabadze Nata , Nora Elphège , Noyes Marcus , Cheng Xiaodong , Hansen Anders 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Although only a fraction of CTCF motifs are bound in any cell type, and approximately half of the occupied sites overlap cohesin, the mechanisms underlying cell-type specific attachment and ability to function as a chromatin organizer remain unknown. To investigate the relationship between CTCF and chromatin we applied a combination of imaging, structural and molecular approaches, using a series of brain and cancer associated CTCF mutations that act as CTCF perturbations. We demonstrate that binding and the functional impact of WT and mutant CTCF depend not only on the unique properties of each protein, but also on the genomic context of bound sites. Our studies also highlight the reciprocal relationship between CTCF and chromatin, demonstrating that the unique binding properties of WT and mutant proteins have a distinct impact on accessibility, TF binding, cohesin overlap, chromatin interactivity and gene expression programs, providing insight into their cancer and brain related effects.
Reducing delays in the genomic epidemiology of tuberculosis: a flexible and decentralized analysis of each incident case
Authors: Sanz-Pérez Amadeo , Rodríguez-Grande Cristina , Buenestado-Serrano Sergio , Martínez-Lirola Miguel , Plata-Barril Beatriz , Herranz-Martín Marta , Peñas-Utrilla Daniel , Muñoz Patricia , Pérez-Lago Laura , de Viedma Darío García 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Genomic analysis has markedly improved our knowledge of the transmission dynamics of M. tuberculosis. The high-throughput analysis provided by short-read platforms in reference laboratories ensures coverage of all TB cases in a population, guaranteeing the identification of complete transmission chains. However, this strategy inevitably leads to delays until genomic data are available at local level. We evaluated an alternative approach based on a case-by-case genomic analysis of primary cultures from each incident case.
Methods: The strategy was evaluated in 23 consecutive stain-positive cases diagnosed in Almeria, Spain over a 4-month period (March-July 2023). DNA was purified from primary cultures on LJ medium. Nanopore sequencing and reusage of flow cells was performed.
Results: In 52% of cases, sufficient culture growth was obtained to prepare sequencing libraries <20 days after inoculation. Up to two isolates were loaded per run to ensure rapid availability of results. Seven flow cells in all were needed, which were reused up to 6 times. In 61% of isolates, optimal genome coverage (>90% at >20X) was achieved in less than 2.5 hours of sequencing, which enabled new cases to be labeled as clustered (39%), or orphans (61%) on the same day. Nanopore data correlated with those ultimately obtained using high-throughput short-read sequencing.
Conclusions: Our strategy could offer a flexible and more rapid decentralized alternative for local settings, accelerating the information on clusters needed to tailor control interventions.
Are there any benefits from prescribing a cardiac cytoprotector to enhance the quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure?
Authors: Statsenko M. Е. , Turkina S. V. , Lopushkova Yu. Е. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, which leads to a high mortality in this category of patients. Issues regarding the prevention of the onset and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with T2D and/or metabolic syndrome (MS) are still not fully understood. The use of metabolic drugs with cardioprotective effects, in particular Mildronate®, is one of the possibilities to improve the effectiveness of combination treatment of CHD and CHF.Aim. To study the effect of Mildronate® on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with CHD and CHF, suffering from T2D and/or MS.Materials and methods. A total of 2.084 patients with co-occurring two (or more) disorders: obesity, type 2 diabetes, angina pectoris, CHT, and CHF were included in the INDICOR observational study conducted in real-life clinical practice settings. Group 1 received therapy with disease-modifying agents prescribed due to CHD and T2D; Group 2 received Mildronate® at a dose of 1000 mg per day in addition to the same therapy. The studied lab test results were assessed at baseline and 42 days of therapy.Results. A 42-day course of therapy in patients receiving Mildronate® at a dose of 1000 mg per day in addition to disease-modifying therapy (DMT) contributed to a percentage increase in the number of patients with CHD, FC (functional class) I angina pectoris (Δ,% + 63%, p < 0.001 ) as compared to the control group with no significant changes (Δ,% + 7%, p > 0.5). A significant increase in the number of patients with FC I CHF was recorded in Group 2 (from 23.5 to 42.1%, Δ,% + 79%) as compared to Group 1, where no significant changes were detected (22.7 to 23.7%, Δ,% + 4%). The QoL in patients with CHF based on data collected using the Minnesota Questionnaire and QoL in patients with CHD based on data collected using the Seattle Questionnaire significantly improved in the groups that received Mildronate® in addition to DMT, as compared with the group of patients who were only on DMT.Conclusion. Results from the Seattle and Minnesota questionnaires showed that the use of Mildronate® as part of combination therapy in patients with CHD and CHF, suffering from T2D and/or MS, contributed to a significant reduction in the frequency of angina attacks and lowering angina FC, CHF FC, and also enhanced the quality of life in this category of patients.
1301-P: Frequency of Single Autoantibody Positivity (SAB+) Varies by Race/Ethnicity and Area Deprivation Index in Individuals at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)
Authors: ADDALA ANANTA , CABRERA SUSANNE M. , CUTHBERTSON DAVID D. , LIBMAN INGRID , TOSUR MUSTAFA , SILLER ALEJANDRO F. , DIMEGLIO LINDA A. , HEROLD KEVAN C. , REDONDO MARIA J. , ISMAIL HEBA M. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction & Objective: The diversity of individuals living with T1D has increased, driven by Hispanic (H) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) populations. Yet, whether H and NHB populations have different rates of SAB+ than other groups, which can impact clinical care and research opportunities, has not been well characterized. Area deprivation and race/ethnicity are strongly associated with each other and have compounding and adverse effects on diabetes-related health outcomes. We examined TrialNet data from relatives of persons with T1D screened for pancreatic autoantibodies and evaluated the frequency of SAB+ by race/ethnicity and area deprivation.
Methods: Persons (n=28330) screened between 4/9/19-12/31/22 were included. Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic white (NHW), H, NHB, and non-Hispanic other (NHO). Home address zip codes were used to assign an Area Deprivation Index, a Health and Human Services Administration index incorporating neighborhood income, education, employment, and housing that ranges from 1 (least deprived) to 100 (most deprived). Deprivation was analyzed in quintiles.
Results: A majority (80.7%) self-identified as NHW; fewer as H (9.8%), NHB (2.5%), and NHO (7.0%). Deprivation differed by race/ethnicity (NHW 46±23, H: 45±24, NHB: 53±23, and NHO: 39±25, p&lt;0.001). SAB+ was more common in NHB and H than NHO and NHW individuals (Overall: 3.0%, NHB: 4.7%, H: 3.8%, NHO: 3.1%, NWH: 3.0%; χ2 p=0.02). Logistic regression identified a linear relationship between SAB+ and deprivation (Deprivation quintiles 1 to 5: 2.9%, 2.7%, 3.1%, 3.1%, 3.5%; p=0.04).
Conclusion: These data suggest SAB+ status varies by both race/ethnicity and deprivation which warrants further investigation. Understanding patterns of autoantibody positivity that occur in diverse populations at risk for T1D is foundational to identifying persons who are SAB+ or in early stages of T1D who may now be eligible for preventive therapies.

Disclosure
A. Addala: None. S.M. Cabrera: Research Support; Abbott. D.D. Cuthbertson: None. I. Libman: None. M. Tosur: None. A.F. Siller: None. L.A. DiMeglio: Research Support; Dompé, Lilly Diabetes, MannKind Corporation, Medtronic, Provention Bio, Inc., Sanofi, Zealand Pharma A/S, Amgen Inc. Advisory Panel; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Abata Therapeutics. K.C. Herold: Consultant; Sanofi. M.J. Redondo: None. H.M. Ismail: Consultant; Sanofi, Rise Therapeutics.