bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Item Response Theory Analysis of the Outpatient Physical Therapy Improvement in Movement Assessment Log (OPTIMAL)
Authors: Elston Beth , Goldstein Marc , Makambi Kepher H. 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundThe Outpatient Physical Therapy Improvement in Movement Assessment Log (OPTIMAL) instrument was created to assess the perceived ability of patients receiving physical therapy in adult outpatient settings to perform actions or movements. Its properties must be studied to determine whether it accomplishes this goal.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the item properties of OPTIMAL with item response theory.DesignThis investigation was a retrospective cross-sectional item calibration study.MethodsData were obtained from the American Physical Therapy Association, which collected information from outpatient physical therapy clinics through electronic charting databases that included OPTIMAL responses. Item response theory analyses were performed on the trunk, lower-extremity, and upper-extremity subscales of the Difficulty Scale of OPTIMAL.ResultsIn total, 3,138 patients completed the Difficulty Scale of OPTIMAL at the baseline assessment. The subscale analyses met all item response theory assumptions. The items in each subscale showed fair discrimination. In all analyses, the subscales measured a narrow range of ability levels at the low end of the physical functioning spectrum.LimitationsOPTIMAL was originally intended to be administered as a whole. In the present study, each subscale was analyzed separately, indicating how the subscales perform individually but not as a whole. Another limitation is that only the Difficulty Scale of OPTIMAL was analyzed, without consideration of the Confidence Scale.ConclusionsOPTIMAL best measures low physical functioning at the baseline assessment in adult outpatient physical therapy settings. The addition of categories to each item and the addition of more challenging items are recommended to allow measurements for a broader range of patients.
Percutaneous recanalization of totally occluded pulmonary veins after pulmonary vein isolation—intermediate‐term follow‐up
Authors: Hill James , Qureshi Athar M. , Worley Sarah , Prieto Lourdes R. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivesReview mid‐term follow‐up of percutaneous intervention for post ablation total pulmonary vein occlusion (PVO).BackgroundFeasibility of percutaneous intervention for PVO has been described, but information remains limited.MethodsPatients with total PVO were retrospectively identified from our catheterization database. Medical records, catheterization reports, and outpatient follow‐up were reviewed.ResultsBetween April 2005 and February 2012, 16 patients were identified with a total of 18 PVOs. Symptoms included hemoptysis in 6/16 (46%), cough in 8/16 (50%), chest pain in 8/16 (50%), dyspnea in 13/16 (81%) with mean NYHA Class of 2.6 ± 0.6. Recanalization was accomplished in 14/18 (78%) veins: 11 treated with balloon dilation and 3 with stents. Median follow‐up for 13/14 veins was 13 (0–39) months (one patient with one PVO is awaiting follow‐up). Reocclusion occurred in 7/13 (54%) at mean follow‐up of 3.6 ± 1.6 months (6/10 post‐balloon dilation and 1/3 post‐stenting). Despite reocclusion, the reference vessel diameter increased from 4.8 ± 2.4 to 8.5 ± 4.2 mm (P < 0.001) between the first and second catheterization. Re‐recanalization and stent placement was accomplished in 5/6 (83%), with one reocclusion not attempted. At latest follow‐up 9/13 (69%) recanalized vessels remained patent and percent flow to affected lung quadrant increased from 7.4 ± 3.4% pre‐intervention to 14.3 ± 4.2% (P = 0.004). Mean NYHA Class improved to 1.4 ± 0.4 (P < 0.001).ConclusionsRecanalization of total PVO can be accomplished with reasonable mid‐term patency, improved symptoms, and lung perfusion. Reocclusion is common, but vessel growth is often observed allowing placement of a reasonably sized stent at a second intervention. Staged intervention is often necessary to maintain patency. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Optical Properties of Two Congruent‐Melting Isotypic Diphosphates: LiM3P2O7 (M: Na, K).
Authors: Shi Yunjing , Wang Ying , Pan Shilie , Yang Zhihua , Dong Xiaoyu , Wu Hongping , Zhang Min , Cao Jian , Zhou Zhongxiang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of Li2CO3, M2CO3 (M: Na, K), and NH4H2PO4 (540 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Activity of Palladium Complexes Bearing a Tridentate PXP‐Pincer Ligand of Heavier Group 14 Element (X: Ge, Sn).
Authors: Takaya Jun , Nakamura Shuhei , Iwasawa Nobuharu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe known PSiP‐pincer palladium(II) complex (Ia) and the novel synthesized germanium (Ib) and tin (Ic) analogues are applied as catalysts to a reductive aldol‐type reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution of Arenes with CO2 Mediated by R3SiB(C6F5)4.
Authors: Konno Megumi , Chiba Masafumi , Nemoto Koji , Hattori Tetsutaro 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe Friedel—Crafts‐type carboxylation of arenes is achieved by activation of carbon dioxide with silylium borates.
ChemInform Abstract: Optimization of Grignard Ring‐Opening of α‐Brominated Dioxolanes for the Preparation of β‐Hydroxy‐Protected Vinyl Ethers by a Three‐Step One‐Pot Procedure.
Authors: Andre Mathieu , Letribot Boris , Bayle Martine , Mounetou Emmanuelle , Chezal Jean‐Michel 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRing‐opening with benzoyl chloride or electrophiles (IV) is studied to yield differently protected β‐hydroxy vinyl ethers.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Nickel/N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed C—S Cross‐Coupling.
Authors: Guan Pei , Cao Changsheng , Liu Yun , Li Yunfei , He Pan , Chen Qian , Liu Gang , Shi Yanhui 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe simple protocol leads to formation of a broad spectrum of target compounds from C—S coupling of aromatic and aliphatic thiols with aryl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Covalent‐Bound Conjugates of Fullerene C60 and Metal Complexes of Porphyrins with Long‐Chain Substituents.
Authors: Zyablikova Ekaterina S. , Bragina Natalya A. , Mironov Andrey F. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe Prato reaction is found to be suitable to synthesize new conjugates based on fullerene C60 and nickel and copper complexes of meso‐aryl‐substituted porphyrins with long‐chain substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Anthradifuran, a Furan Analogue of Pentacene, and Its Isomers, Exhibiting Solid‐State Photoluminescence.
Authors: Tsuji Hayato , Shoyama Kazutaka , Nakamura Eiichi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSynthesis, structure, and photophysical properties of the linearly fused anthra[2,3‐b:6,7‐b′]difuran (II), and its zigzag‐shaped isomers (III) and (IV) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Regiospecific Arylation at C5 of Thiophenes Bearing SO2R Substituents at C3.
Authors: Bheeter Charles Beromeo , Bera Jitendra K. , Doucet Henri 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThiophene‐2‐carboxylates substituted at the 3‐position by sulfamoyl or phenoxysulfonyl are coupled with a variety of aryl/heteroaryl bromides under in situ decarboxylation to give exclusively the corresponding 5‐arylated thiophene‐3‐sulfonic amides or esters (34 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement of the Adducts of α‐(Aminocarbonyl)acetamidoximes with Acylacetylenes, Leading to 2‐Aminopyrrole Derivatives.
Authors: Pivneva E. E. , Galenko A. V. , Dar'in D. V. , Lobanov P. S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractO‐Vinylamidoximes [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of 4‐(3‐Aminothieno[2,3‐b]pyridin‐2‐yl)coumarins.
Authors: Gorelov S. V. , Bondarenko S. P. , Frasinyuk M. S. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract4‐(3‐Aminohetaryl)coumarins are convenient starting materials for the synthesis of fused polycyclic derivatives of 5H‐chromeno[3,4‐c]pyridin‐5‐one.
ChemInform Abstract: Laccase‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Hantzsch 1,4‐Dihydropyridines to Pyridines and a New One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyridines.
Authors: Abdel‐Mohsen Heba T. , Conrad Juergen , Beifuss Uwe 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA new method for the oxidation of Hantzsch 1,4‐dihydropyridines (I) with aerial oxygen as oxidant and laccase as the catalyst is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative C—H Functionalization: A Novel Strategy for the Acetoxylation/Alkoxylation of Arenes Tethered to 3,4‐Dihydroisoquinolines.
Authors: Reddy B. V. Subba , Umadevi N. , Narasimhulu G. , Yadav J. S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe regioselective procedure allows the preparation of various medicinally interesting derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: L‐Proline‐Promoted Three‐Component Reaction of Anilines, Aldehydes and Barbituric Acids/ Malononitrile: Regioselective Synthesis of 5‐Arylpyrimido[4,5‐b]quinoline‐diones and 2‐Amino‐4‐arylquinoline‐3‐carbonitriles in Water.
Authors: Khalafi‐Nezhad Ali , Sarikhani Samira , Shahidzadeh Elham Shaikhi , Panahi Farhad 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA green and efficient one‐pot process to synthesize title compounds (IV), (VI), and (X) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: AgOTf‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Alkynyl Oxiranes for Dihydro‐1,4‐oxazine Synthesis.
Authors: Maheswara Muchchintala , Lee Yun Yeong , Kang Eun Joo 
Published: February 2013

AbstractVarious alkynyl oxiranes as well as alcohols (IV) and (VI) are suitable precursors of the desired oxazine skeleton.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 6‐Hydrazinyl‐2,4‐bismorpholino Pyrimidine and 1,3,5‐Triazine Derivatives as Potential Antitumor Agents.
Authors: Zhu Wufu , Liu Yajing , Zhao Yanfang , Wang Haiyan , Tan Li , Fan Weijie , Gong Ping 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAll the formed compounds are evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against selected cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Selective Organocatalytic Synthesis of 2‐Deoxygalactosides.
Authors: Balmond Edward I. , Coe Diane M. , Galan M. Carmen , McGarrigle Eoghan M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractProtected galactals (I) (10 examples) are glycosylated with monosaccharide acceptors in the presence of thiourea catalyst THU to give disaccharides containing a 2‐deoxymonosaccharide moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Labeling Strategy of Drug Like Molecules with Functionalized Alkyl Linkers Using CH‐Activation.
Authors: Rentner Jana , Breinbauer Rolf 
Published: February 2013

AbstractHeterocyclic drug compounds (I) and (V) are cross‐coupled with thiophene derivatives (II) under dehydrogenative conditions using Pd‐catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Approach to the Pyridoacridine Ring System: Synthesis of the Topoisomerase Inhibitor 13‐Deazaascididemin.
Authors: Raeder Stephan , Bracher Franz 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA novel approach to the pyridoacridine ring system of ascididemin‐type marine alkaloids is development and applied to the synthesis of the bioactive deaza analogue of ascididemin AK37 (VII).
Synthesis of biopterin and related pterin glycosides
Authors: Hanaya Tadashi , Yamamoto Hiroshi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCertain pterins having a hydroxyalkyl side chain at C‐6 have been found as glycosidic forms in certain prokaryotes, such as 2′‐O‐(α‐D‐glucopyranosyl)biopterin from various kinds of cyanobacteria, and limipterin from a green sulfur photosynthetic bacterium. Synthetic studies on glycosides of biopterin and related pterins have been made in view of the structural proof as well as for closer examination of their biological activities and functions. The syntheses of these natural pterin glycosides have effectively been achieved, mostly through appropriately protected N2‐(N,N‐dimethylaminomethylene)‐3‐[2‐(4‐nitrophenyl)ethyl]pterin derivatives as glycosyl acceptors, and are reviewed here. © 2013 IUBMB Life 65(4):300–309, 2013.
Extremely improved InP template and GaInAsP system growth on directly‐bonded InP/SiO2‐Si and InP/glass substrate
Authors: Matsumoto Keiichi , Makino Tatsunori , Kimura Katsuya , Shimomura Kazuhiko 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe have developed an ultrathin InP template with low defect density on SiO2‐Si and glass substrate by employing wet etching and wafer direct bonding technique. We have demonstrated epitaxial growth on these substrates and GaInAs/InP multiple quantum well layers were grown by low pressure metal‐organic vapor‐phase epitaxy. Photoluminescence measurements of the layers show that they are optically active and we have obtained almost the same intensity from these substrates compared to the InP substrate. These results may be attributed to improvement of InP template quality and should provide further improvements in device performance realized on SiO2‐Si and glass substrate. And, these are promising results in terms of integration of InP‐based several functional optical devices on SiO2‐Si and glass substrate. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Toward quantum gravity measurement by cold atoms
Authors: DOS SANTOS MARCILIO M. , ONIGA TEODORA , MCLEMAN ANDREW S. , CALDWELL MARTIN , WANG CHARLES H.-T. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe propose an experiment for the measurement of gravitational effect on cold atoms by applying a one-dimensional vertically sinusoidal oscillation to the magneto-optical trap, and observe the signature of low quantum energy shift of quantum-bound states as a consequence of gravitational fluctuation. To this end, we present brief details of the experiment on a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC), and a simplistic calculation of the Gross–Pitaevskii solution using the Thomas–Fermi approximation with focus on the density of the BEC for the time-dependent perturbation. Moreover, we calculate the power induced by quantum gravity on a generic atomic ensemble. We also address the possible challenges for the measurement of the expected results. Finally, we discuss the prospect of further developing this experiment toward measuring the effect of quantum spacetime fluctuations on cold atoms.
Processes in afterglow responsible for initiation of electrical breakdown in xenon at low pressure
Authors: PEJOVIĆ MOMČILO M. , SPASIĆ IVANA V. , PEJOVIĆ MILIĆ M. , NEŠIĆ NIKOLA T. , BRAJOVIĆ DRAGAN V. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe processes responsible for initiation of electrical breakdown in xenon-filled tube with two spherical iron electrodes at 2.7-mbar pressure have been analyzed. The analysis is based on the experimental data of electrical breakdown time delay as a function of afterglow period. It is shown that positive ions remaining from previous discharge, as well as positive ions created in mutual collisions of metastable atoms in afterglow, have a dominant role in secondary emission of electrons from the cathode which lead to initiation of breakdown in early afterglow. In late afterglow, dominant role in initiation of breakdown is taken by N(4S) atoms formed during the discharge by dissociation of ground state nitrogen molecules that are present as impurities in xenon. When the concentration of N(4S) atoms decreases sufficiently, the initiation of breakdown is caused by cosmic radiation. Small doses of gamma-ray irradiation also contribute to the initiation of breakdown, but only for large values of the afterglow period.
Quantitative Analysis Model and Application of the Hydrocarbon Distribution Threshold
Authors: Fujie JIANG , Xiongqi PANG , Jigang GUO 
Published: February 2013

AbstractHydrocarbon source rock obviously controls the formation and distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Based on the geological concept of “source control theory”, the concept of a hydrocarbon distribution threshold was put forward. This means the maximum range for hydrocarbon controlled by the source rock conditions to migrate in the hydrocarbon basins. Three quantitative analysis models are proposed on this basis, namely the hydrocarbon accumulation probability, maximum hydrocarbon scale threshold and reserve distribution probability, which respectively refer to the probability of forming a hydrocarbon reservoir, the possible maximum scale of the hydrocarbon reservoir and the percentage of reserve distribution in a certain area within the hydrocarbon distribution threshold. Statistical analysis on 539 hydrocarbon reservoirs discovered in 28 hydrocarbon source kitchens from seven sedimentary basins and sags of eastern China shows the maximum reservoir scale possibly formed in the hydrocarbon basin, hydrocarbon accumulation probability and oil and gas reserve distribution probability are all controlled by the characteristics of the hydrocarbon source rock. Generally, as the distances from the hydrocarbon source rock center and hydrocarbon discharge boundary get longer and the hydrocarbon discharge intensity of hydrocarbon source rock center gets smaller, there will be lower probability of hydrocarbon accumulation. Corresponding quantitative models are established based on single factor statistics and multivariate analysis. Practical application in the Jiyang Depression shows that the prediction from the quantitative analysis model for the hydrocarbon distribution threshold agree well with the actual exploration results, indicating that the quantitative analysis model is likely to be a feasible tool.
Defective thymic progenitor development and mature T‐cell responses in a mouse model for Down syndrome
Authors: Lorenzo Laureanne P. E. , Shatynski Kristen E. , Clark Sarah , Yarowsky Paul J. , Williams Mark S. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryIn addition to archetypal cognitive defects, Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by altered lymphocyte development and function, including premature thymic involution and increased incidence of infections. However, the potential mechanisms for these changes have not been fully elucidated. The current study used the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS to assess deficiencies in T‐cell development and possible molecular alterations. Ts65Dn mice exhibited premature thymic involution and a threefold to fourfold decrease in the number and proportion of immature, double‐negative thymocyte progenitors. In addition, there were twofold fewer double‐positive and CD4 single‐positive thymocytes in Ts65Dn thymuses. Reflecting this deficient thymic function, there were fewer naive T cells in the spleen and polyclonal stimulation of peripheral T cells exhibited a marked reduction in proliferation, suggesting a senescent phenotype. In contrast, B‐cell progenitors were unchanged in the bone marrow of Ts65Dn mice, but in the spleen, there were decreased transitional and follicular B cells and these cells proliferated less upon antigen receptor stimulus but not in response to lipopolysaccharide. As a potential mechanism for diminished thymic function, immature thymocyte populations expressed diminished levels of the cytokine receptor interleukin‐7Rα, which was associated with decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. Increased oxidative stress and inhibition of the Notch pathway were identified as possible mediators of decreased interleukin‐7Rα expression in Ts65Dn mice. The data suggest that immature thymocyte defects underlie immune dysfunction in DS and that increased oxidative stress and reduced cytokine signalling may alter lymphocyte development in Ts65Dn mice.
Ex Vivo Comparison of 7 Polydioxanone, 2 Polyglactin 910 for Closure of Ventral Median Celiotomy in Horses
Authors: Anderson Stacy L. , Bracamonte José L. , Hendrick Steve , Carmalt James L. , Wilson David G. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo compare bursting strength and failure mode between ventral median celiotomies closed with USP 7 braided polydioxanone (7PD) or USP 2 polyglactin 910 (2PG).Study DesignEx vivo experimental.AnimalsEquine cadavers (n = 10).MethodsA 25 cm ventral median celiotomy was created in fresh equine cadavers. A 200 L polyurethane bladder was inserted into the abdomen. Celiotomies were closed in a simple continuous pattern with 2 sections of 7PD or 2PG. The bladder was inflated with compressed air until construct failure. The horses' signalment, body weight, suture type, failure mode (suture or abdominal wall), and bursting strength (mmHg) were recorded. Interactions between independent and dependent variables were assessed with statistical tests including linear regression.ResultsFailure mode was significantly different by suture type (P = .01). Four of 5 celiotomies closed with 2PG failed at the suture; whereas, 0 celiotomies closed with 7PD failed at the suture. In celiotomies closed with 7PD, increasing age was highly and negatively correlated with bursting strength (r = −0.99). When the effect of age was controlled, 7PD had a significantly higher bursting strength than 2PG (P = .024).Conclusion7PD has a higher bursting strength compared with 2PG. Suture failure was the main failure mode for 2PG; whereas, all celiotomies closed with 7PD failed at the abdominal wall.
The Role of Medicolegal Systems in Producing Geographic Variation in Suicide Rates
Authors: Klugman Joshua , Condran Gretchen , Wray Matt 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivesIn this analysis, we ask whether there is systematic variation in the reporting of suicide by medicolegal system and if so whether this biases estimated effects of social correlates on suicide.MethodsWith cause of death records (1999–2002) and 2000 Census data, we use negative binomial regression to analyze the effects of medicolegal system on suicide and nonsuicide mortality aggregated at county of occurrence.ResultsWe find that elected coroners have slightly lower official suicide rates than medical examiners (MEs; all of whom are appointed) and appointed coroners. In addition, we find that omitting medicolegal system does not bias estimates of the social determinants of suicide.ConclusionContrary to arguments that MEs' greater scientific training makes them more likely to underreport suicides, we conclude that appointed death investigators (MEs and appointed coroners) underreport suicide to a lesser degree than elected coroners, who are subject to greater public pressures that result in the misclassification of suicides.
Incidence and clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease in a developed region of Guangdong Province, China: A prospective population‐based study
Authors: Zeng Zhirong , Zhu Zhenhua , Yang Yuyu , Ruan Weishan , Peng Xiabiao , Su Yuhuan , Peng Lin , Chen Jinquan , Yin Quan , Zhao Chao , Zhou Haihua , Yuan Shuai , Hao Yuantao , Qian Jiaming , Ng Siew Chien , Chen Minhu , Hu Pinjin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground and AimsThe incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in China with urbanization and socioeconomic development. There is however a lack of prospective, population‐based epidemiology study on IBD in China. The aim of the study is to define the incidence and clinical characteristics of IBD in a developed region of Guangdong Province in China.MethodsA prospective, population‐based incidence study was conducted from July 2011 to June 2012 in Zhongshan, Guangdong, China. All newly diagnosed IBD cases in Zhongshan were included.ResultsIn total, 48 new cases of IBD (17 Crohn's disease [CD]; 31 ulcerative colitis [UC]) were identified over a 1‐year period from July 2011. Age‐standardized incidence rates for IBD, UC, and CD were 3.14, 2.05, and 1.09 per 100 000 persons, respectively. The median age of UC was 38, and that of CD was 25. Terminal ileum involvement only (L1), isolated colonic disease (L2), and ileocolonic disease (L3) were reported in 24%, 6%, and 71% of patients with CD, respectively. Twenty‐four percent of patients had coexisting upper gastrointestinal disease (L4). Inflammatory (B1), stricturing (B2), and penetrating (B3) behavior were seen in 65%, 24%, and 12% of CD patients, respectively. Fifty‐nine percent of CD and 26% of UC patients had extra‐intestinal manifestations.ConclusionsThis is the first prospective, population‐based IBD epidemiological study in a developed region of China. The incidence of IBD is similar to that in Japan and Hong Kong but lower than that in South Korea and Western countries.