bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Latent Profile Analysis of Self-Stigma Among Individuals With Schizophrenia and Its Relationship With Illness Perception
Authors: Lu Miao , Li Jianhua , Wu Qiufeng , Zhang Ying , Sun Huimin 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
To investigate self-stigma among individuals with schizophrenia, identify potential categories of self-stigma, and analyze the association between self-stigma categories and dimensions of disease perception.

Method

Convenience sampling was used to select individuals with schizophrenia (
N
= 216) in psychiatric hospitals. A General Demographic Information Questionnaire, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Inventory, and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire were used for data collection. A latent profile analysis was performed on self-stigma characteristics of participants, and potential categories of influencing factors and their relationship with illness perception were examined.

Results
Participants were classified into three potential categories: low self-stigma–low resistance (19.4%), medium self-stigma (55.6%), and high self-stigma–high discrimination (25%). Compared with the low self-stigma–low resistance group, those with higher illness representation and illness understanding scores were more likely to be classified as medium self-stigma, and emotional representation was the strongest predictor for high self-stigma–high discrimination.

Conclusion

Self-stigma among participants was mostly medium to high. Self-stigma of individuals with schizophrenia demonstrates group heterogeneity; therefore, nurses should formulate targeted interventions based on the characteristics of each category to achieve precise interventions and reduce self-stigma. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62
(12), 27–36.]
Central Retinal Thickness Variability as a Predictive Factor for Visual Acuity After Dexamethasone Implant in Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Daugirdas Sarunas P. , Maatouk Christopher M. , Lai Hongxin J. , Ogidigben Miller J. , Singh Rishi P. 
Published: August 2024

Background and Objective
Investigate central retinal thickness (CRT) variability and changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after 12 months in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) treated with dexamethasone intravitreal implants.

Patients and Methods
Post hoc analyses of two randomized trials in patients with macular edema associated with branch or central RVO treated with a 0.7-mg dexamethasone implant. Central retinal thickness standard deviation (CRT-SD) and central retinal thickness amplitude (CRT-A) were measures of variability. Analyses included multinomial and simple linear regression.

Results

In 400 patients, CRT-SD and CRT-A were significantly associated with central RVO, second dexamethasone implant, and baseline CRT. Baseline BCVA was associated with CRT-A. CRT-SD and CRT-A were significantly correlated with a 12-month change in BCVA (effect sizes of −0.032 and −0.013 letters/µm;
P
< 0.001). Patients in the highest CRT-SD quartile gained significantly fewer letters (+1.88 letters; 95% CI: −0.46 to 4.23).

Conclusion
Greater CRT variability was associated with smaller BCVA improvements in patients with RVO treated with dexamethasone implants.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:722–729.]
Performance management practices in remote and hybrid work environments: An exploratory study
Authors: Mabaso Calvin M. , Manuel Natalie 
Published: August 2024

Orientation: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the resulting lockdowns have significantly impacted the work environment, increasing remote and hybrid work practices. This shift has posed challenges for managers and employees as they adapt to new working methods, impacting employee performance management in hybrid settings.Research purpose: The study explored how managers have adapted their performance management methods in remote and hybrid work environments. It also sought to understand remote employees’ experiences with performance management practices.Motivation for the study: There is limited research on evaluating employee performance in hybrid work environments. This research identified this gap and explored how managers can best support employees’ performance while working remotely.Research approach/design and method: The study used an interpretivist and qualitative approaches. A purposive sampling technique selected 18 participants, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews following a phenomenology research strategy.Main findings: Key themes included continuous performance communication, team deliverable meetings, the importance of face-to-face engagements, clarity on performance expectations, trust, and well-being. Managers and employees used one-on-one and team sessions to track deliverables, discuss work challenges, and communicate performance expectations. Clearly defined performance expectations are crucial in hybrid and remote settings.Practical/managerial implications: The study highlighted the effects of hybrid work on interpersonal relationships and emphasised the need for managers to adapt performance management practices to ensure consistent standards for all employees, regardless of location.Contribution/value-add: The findings can inform the development of performance management guidelines tailored to remote and hybrid work, helping managers enhance their effectiveness and create positive employee experiences.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Adrenal Incidentaloma from a Single Center in South India: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Jawanjal Abhijeet B , Sadananda Siddarth , Sriramaneni Nikitha , Ganavi Y. P. , Kalra Pramila , Selvan Chitra , Manjunath P. R. , Shetty Praneethi K. 
Published: August 2024

Context:
Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are relatively uncommon neoplasms in 2% of apparently healthy individuals requiring evaluation for functionality and malignancy.

Aim:
We aimed to study the clinical, biochemical, and radiological profiles of patients presenting with AI and histopathological outcomes of those undergoing adrenalectomy. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 62 AI patients attending a tertiary care center in South India between January 2016 and October 2023. Demographic details, radiological features, functionality, and histopathological data were analyzed.

Results:
Out of 62 patients, total masses evaluated were 65 indicating bilaterality in 3 patients. The female: male ratio was 1.69, with a median age of 55 years (interquartile range: 44–64 years). 45.1% of individuals were >60 years. The most common indication for imaging was pain abdomen in 43 (69.4%). The median size was 3.2 cm. Fifty-five (88.7%) were assessed for functionality and 27 (49.1%) were functional. Among the 62 individuals, 14 (20.2%) had hypercortisolism, 11 (15.9%) had pheochromocytoma, 5 (7.24%) had primary hyperaldosteronism (PA), and 4 (5.7%) had hyperandrogenism including plurihormonal in 7. A mass size of 3.2 cm was of great value in distinguishing functional tumors with a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 66% with an area under the curve of 0.682. A total of 34 (54.8%) patients underwent adrenalectomy. On histopathological examination, Adenoma (44.1%) was the most common followed pheochromocytoma (26.5%), adrenal cysts (8.8%), and Myelolipoma (5.9%). Two (5.9%) incidentalomas were adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Eight (53.3%) adenomas were functional with 6 having hypercortisolism (including 1 with hyperandrogenism) and 2 with PA.

Conclusion:
In our experience, the incidence of pheochromocytoma was second most common after adenoma. Since most functional tumors (60%) and all ACCs were ≥4 cm, a thorough biochemical evaluation for hormonal excess and evaluation for malignancy followed by surgery should be considered for lesions, especially ≥4 cm. Thus, we report the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with AI from a single center in South India.
Effect of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing bleach shade ceramic thickness on its light transmittance and microhardness of light-cured resin cement
Authors: Sheibani Pardis , Ahmadizenous Ghazaleh , Esmaeili Behnaz , Bijani Ali 
Published: August 2024

Background:This study aimed to measure light transmittance (LT) through various thicknesses of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing bleach shade ceramics and to assess the Vickers microhardness (VMH) of underlying light-cured resin cement.Materials and Methods:In thisin vitrostudy, a total of 90 ceramic discs (VITA Mark II [VM], VITA Suprinity, and CELTRA Duo) were prepared in 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mm thicknesses. To measure LT, the Valo light-curing unit was placed in direct contact with the ceramics on the radiometer. The average LT was recorded after three measurements. In addition, 90 specimens of light-cured resin cement (Allcem Veneer) were cured in Teflon molds (0.5 mm in depth) beneath ceramic pieces. Ten specimens of resin cement were also cured without the presence of ceramic as a control group. VMH of the cement specimens was reported. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparison tests (α =0.05) in SPSS version 17.Results:In each ceramic group, LT was negatively related to ceramic thickness (P< 0.05). At a thickness of 1.5 mm among all ceramic types, the VMH of resin cement was significantly decreased (P< 0.05). In all thicknesses, the VMH of resin cement was lower significantly than the control group, except for the thickness of 0.5 mm of VM.Conclusion:According to the results of this study, light-cured cement is not a suitable option for cementing the studied bleach shade ceramics. Furthermore, the thickness of the ceramic has a significant effect on LT (P< 0.05), unlike VMH.
Federated Learning: Advancing Healthcare through Collaborative Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sharma Bhavna , Srivastava Saumya , Thakur Shafali 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
More and more healthcare data are becoming easily accessible from clinical institutions, patients, insurance companies and the pharmaceutical industry, amongst others, due to the quick development of computer software and hardware technologies. With this access, data science technologies have a never-before-seen chance to generate data-driven insights and raise the standard of healthcare delivery. However, healthcare data are frequently fragmented and private, making it challenging to produce reliable results across populations. The electronic health records of various patient populations, for instance, are owned by multiple hospitals, and because of their sensitive nature, it is challenging for hospitals to share these records. This poses a substantial obstacle to creating generalisable, effective analytical methods that require various ‘big data’. Federated learning offers an excellent opportunity to integrate disparate healthcare data sources while protecting privacy. Federated learning uses a central server to train a standard global model while retaining all the sensitive data in local institutions where it belongs.
Advancing Healthcare Education: A Comprehensive Review of Case-based Learning
Authors: Sultana T. Safiya , Gite R. Mrinal , Tawde D. Akshaya , Jena Chandrakanth , Khatoon Karishma , Kapoor Mitali 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Case-based learning (CBL) has gained prominence in healthcare education as an effective pedagogical approach that bridges the gap between theory and practice. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of CBL in healthcare education, including its definition, evolution, benefits and challenges.

Objective:
The objective of this review was to assess the use of CBL in healthcare education and its impact on students’ knowledge, skills and attitudes.

Methodology:
A thorough literature search was conducted across multiple databases, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify relevant articles.

Results:
The synthesised data are presented in a narrative format, highlighting the benefits of CBL, such as fostering critical thinking, promoting higher-level learning outcomes, enhancing problem-solving abilities, aligning with real-world practice and facilitating collaborative and active learning. Real-world case studies from various institutions further demonstrate the effectiveness of CBL in healthcare education. Within nursing education specifically, CBL provides students with valuable classroom exposure to authentic scenarios encountered in clinical practice.

Conclusion:
This review emphasises the importance of CBL as a transformative approach in preparing future healthcare professionals for the dynamic challenges of the healthcare industry.
Effectiveness of Stroke Prevention Education amongst Family Members of Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Dziesetuo Medom Neiketounuo Vimhalie , Siva Rajeswari , Saroja Baby , Alexander Anu Mary , Gowri Mahasampath 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Stroke is one of the most common causes of death in both developed and developing countries and the risk factors are mostly modifiable.

Objective:
The main aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of stroke prevention education on knowledge and attitude regarding the prevention of stroke amongst the family members of hypertensive patients.

Methodology:
A pre-experimental (one group pre-test and post-test) research design was used on 51 family members of hypertensive patients. Multistage random and systematic sampling technique were used to select the family members. Knowledge questionnaire, attitude scale and stroke prevention education tool were prepared by the investigator. The stroke prevention education is a video assisted education given to hypertensive patients and their primary care givers, which was prepared in Hindi language on the risk factors, warning signs, management of stroke and rehabilitative exercises for post-stroke patients.

Results:
Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. In pre-test, 100% of the family members of hypertensive patients had inadequate knowledge and 68% had moderately favourable attitude while in post-test, there was significant improvement with 23.5% adequate knowledge and 100% highly favourable attitude towards prevention of stroke. The t-test value was 31.4 and 14.7 for knowledge and attitude respectively which was found to be significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The teaching was found to be effective in improving the knowledge and attitude towards stroke and its prevention amongst the family members of hypertensive patients which may have an impact on reducing the burden of morbidity and mortality due to stroke.
Activity of Daily Living and Quality of Life in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Longkumer Merentola P. , Ravikumar T. S. , Sekar Meenakshi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A patient with spinal cord injury (SCI) either remains confined to bed or their activities of daily living become limited and they become fully dependent on the caregivers for their activities of daily living, thus affecting their quality of life (QOL). The objectives were to assess the activity of daily living and QOL in patients with SCI, to determine the relationship and association between the activity of daily living and QOL, and QOL and their selected demographic and clinical variables. A descriptive study design was used with a consecutive sample of 70 patients with SCI. It was conducted in the selected neurology ward, rehabilitation centre and PMR OPD of a tertiary care hospital in South India. Activity of daily living was assessed using Spinal Cord Independence Measure-Version-III and quality of life was estimated using a self-administered questionnaire-Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index SCI version. 25.7% of the patients had total and moderate dependence and 68.6% expressed good QOL. There was no correlation between the activity of daily living and QOL (r = 5.20, P = 0.157). Health and functioning was the most affected domain (mean: 16.67 and standard deviation [SD]: 6.21) and the family domain was least affected (mean: 19.95 and SD: 7.80). Occupation before the injury was found significantly associated with QOL (P = .050). Nurses in collaboration with other health professionals have an important role to play in improving the patient’s daily activities which can further more enhance the QOL.
Kidney Replacement Therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evidence-based Guidelines for Clinical Practice
Authors: George Reena , Priyadharshini Hilda Mercy , Paul David Sam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As chronic kidney disease progresses to end-stage kidney disease, therapies such as haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or kidney transplantation will be required to sustain the life of patients, which are referred to as kidney replacement therapies (KRTs). Each modality of replacement therapy has its benefits and risks which should be communicated to the patients and family members before the end stage of kidney disease so that patients may be guided to make informed choice of treatment. Those who are not willing or suitable for KRT may be provided conservative kidney management. This article discusses about the KRT options available in management of end-stage kidney disease, highlighting the indications, principles, guidelines for clinical practice, benefits and risks of each of these modalities which will direct the nurses in providing comprehensive, evidence-based nursing care to patients receiving replacement therapies.
An Introduction to Basics of Grounded Theory Methodology
Authors: Ravindran Vinitha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Grounded theory is a qualitative research methodology often used in nursing research to develop theories about social processes or human behavior directly from the data collected. It was originally developed by sociologists Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in the 1960s. Grounded theory is used to explore and understand patient experiences and behaviors. By understanding the underlying social processes, grounded theory can help in designing effective nursing interventions. This articles outlines grounded theory methods in detail.
FRAME-TOPSIS Methods as a Technique for Fire Risk Assessment and Prioritizing Preventive Measures: A Case Study in the Isfahan School of Health Library
Authors: Habibi Ehsanollah , Mousavi Seyed Mahdi , Nakhaeipour Mojtaba , Ebrahimi Hossein , Azadian Sharareh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims:
This study aimed to fire risk assessment and prioritize the preventive measures using a FRAME-TOPSIS method in the Isfahan School of Health Library.

Methods:
This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023. First, the FRAME method was used to calculate this risk score in three areas: individuals, buildings and their contents, and activities. Second, the Fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify the preventive measures. Finally, the TOPSIS method was applied to prioritize preventive measures. Excel 2019 was used for TOPSIS and Fuzzy Delphi, and FRAME was calculated by FRAME software.

Results:
The results of the FRAME method showed the risk levels of fire for the Isfahan School of Health Library were unacceptable in individuals (R = 1.04) and activities (R = 1.32). The TOPSIS method revealed that the most important control measures for reducing fire risk levels in the library are installing an automatic fire alarm (0.732), improving electrical safety (0.694), and use of fireproof partitions (0.660).

Conclusion:
The study library has identified a high level of risk, necessitating the thorough implementation of control measures. Moreover, the methodology presented in this study can be applied to other locations where fire safety is of paramount importance, including hospitals, buildings, and industries.
Chemical Health Risk Assessment of Exposure to Metal Fumes among Employed Workers in a Metal Manufactory with an Electric Arc Furnace
Authors: Esmaeili Reza , Ebrahimpour Karim , Esmaeili Sayed Vahid , Karimi Azim , Kamranifar Mohammad , Pour Mojtaba Nakhaei , Ebrahimi Hossein 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this study is a chemical health risk assessment of exposure to metal fumes among employed workers in a metal manufactory with an electric arc furnace based on the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) method.

Methods:
This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in a metal manufactory with an electric arc furnace in 2023. In this study, the method provided by the US-EPA organization was used to assess the health risk. First, workers exposure to Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), and Iron (Fe) metal fumes was measured. Then, the chemical risk assessment of exposure to metal fumes was performed. Finally, data analysis was conducted using the SPSS version 25 software.

Results:
The average concentration of Ni, Cr, Mn, and Fe metal fumes and the total fumes produced in the blast furnace process were evaluated as 0.183, 0.067, 0.308, and 10.55 mg/m3, respectively. The results of the chemical risk assessment using the US-EPA method showed that the noncarcinogenic risk was unacceptable for most of the workers who were exposed to metal fumes. The carcinogenic risk level of Ni was acceptable for all workers, but in some workers, the carcinogenic risk level of Cr was unacceptable.

Conclusions:
The employed workers in the metal manufactory with an electric arc furnace are exposed to various heavy metal fumes, so it is necessary to prioritize the intervention programs of technical and engineering controls. Therefore, it is possible to recommend the use of ventilation systems in the workplace and the necessity of performing other control measures.
Investigating the Relationship between the Presence of Domestic Animals and the Frequency of Mosquito Bites in Residential Houses: A Case Study
Authors: Varzaneh Abdoreza Ahaki , Fadaei Saeid , Varzaneh Zahra Bagheri , Dehghani Rouhullah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim:
Diverting the blood-feeding mosquitoes from humans to domestic animals is an effective strategy known as zoo prophylaxis. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between keeping domestic animals and the frequency of mosquito bites in residential houses.

Methods:
A number of 150 families were involved in this study resided in Varzaneh City, Isfahan province, Iran. Data on the mosquito bites were collected using a checklist. The descriptive statistics and analytical parametric tests such as correlation and analysis of variance were performed using SPSS 22 software.

Results:
Based on the results, 26% of the participants in this study have reported keeping domestic animals. Moreover, 44.7% of the families reported the movement of nondomestic animals inside their houses. Only 7.7% of families who had domestic animals have reported mosquito bites. The statistical analysis showed a significant (P < 0.01) inverse relationship between keeping domestic animals with mosquito bites.

Conclusion:
Our findings showed that domestic animals in residential houses could serve as a biological shield diverting blood-seeking mosquitoes from humans to animals. Therefore, such a simple, environmentally friendly, and efficient strategy could be employed to prevent mosquito-carrying diseases in the study region.