bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DRug-coated Balloon for Endovascular treatment of sYmptOmatic intracraNial stenotic Disease (DR. BEYOND): the protocol of a multicentre randomised trial
Authors: Mo Dapeng , Tong Xu , Li Xiaoqing , Qin Chuan , Pan Yuesong , Guan Sheng , Miao Zhongrong 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAlthough endovascular stenting is considered an effective and safe therapeutic option for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease (sICAD), an elevated rate of restenosis remains an important issue for the conventional bare-metal stent (BMS). Recent evidence from observational studies suggests that applying drug-coated balloons (DCB) in sICAD may decrease restenosis occurrence. Additional large randomised studies are warranted to provide firmer evidence and to determine which patients would benefit most from DCB.AimTo design a randomised trial to examine DCB angioplasty (Taijieweiye intracranial paclitaxel-coated balloon catheter) versus BMS stenting (Wingspan intracranial stent system) in patients with sICAD.DesignThis is a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded end-point study to assess whether DCB angioplasty reduces the risk of restenosis compared with BMS stenting in sICAD patients with high-grade stenosis (≥70%–99%). Our goal is to randomly assign 198 eligible individuals at a 1:1 ratio to undergo DCB angioplasty (intervention group) or BMS stenting (control group).OutcomeThe primary efficacy outcome is restenosis at 6 months post treatment, that is, >50% stenosis in or within 5 mm of the treated segment and >20% absolute luminal loss. The primary safety outcome is stroke or death within 30 days post treatment.DiscussionThe DRug-coated Balloon for Endovascular treatment of sYmptOmatic intracraNial stenotic Disease trial aims to produce strong evidence on the efficacy and safety of DCB angioplasty as a promising therapeutic option for sICAD cases with high-grade stenosis.
Scalarized hybrid neutron stars in scalar tensor gravity
Authors: Rahimi Fahimeh , Rezaei Zeinab 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHybrid neutron stars, the compact objects consisting hadronic matter and strange quark matter, can be considered as the probes for the scalar tensor gravity. In this work, we explore the scalarization of hybrid neutron stars in the scalar tensor gravity. For the hadronic phase, we apply a piecewise polytropic equation of state constrained by the observational data of GW170817 and the data of six low-mass X-ray binaries with thermonuclear burst or the symmetry energy of the nuclear interaction. In addition, to describe the strange quark matter inside the hybrid neutron star, different MIT bag models are employed. We study the effects of the value of bag constant, the mass of s quark, the perturbative quantum chromodynamics correction parameter, and the density jump at the surface of quark-hadronic phase transition on the scalarization of hybrid neutron stars. Our results confirm that the scalarization is more sensitive to the value of bag constant, the mass of s quark, and the density jump compared to the perturbative quantum chromodynamics correction parameter.
Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Induces Opposing Effects on Immunotherapy Response-Related Spatial and Stromal Biomarkers in the Bladder Cancer Microenvironment
Authors: Chelushkin Maksim A. , van Dorp Jeroen , van Wilpe Sandra , Seignette Iris M. , Mellema Jan-Jaap J. , Alkemade Maartje , Gil-Jimenez Alberto , Peters Dennis , Brugman Wim , Stockem Chantal F. , Hooijberg Erik , Broeks Annegien , van Rhijn Bas W.G. , Mertens Laura S. , van der Heijden Antoine G. , Mehra Niven , van Montfoort Maurits L. , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Vis Daniel J. , van der Heijden Michiel S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Platinum-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are key components of systemic treatment for muscle-invasive and advanced urothelial cancer. The ideal integration of these two treatment modalities remains unclear as clinical trials have led to inconsistent results. Modulation of the tumor-immune microenvironment by chemotherapy is poorly characterized. We aimed to investigate this modulation, focusing on potential clinical implications for immune checkpoint inhibitor response.

Experimental Design:
We assessed immune cell densities, spatial relations, and tumor/stromal components from 116 patients with urothelial bladder cancer (paired data for 95 patients) before and after platinum-based chemotherapy.

Results:
Several published biomarkers for immunotherapy response changed upon chemotherapy treatment. The intratumoral CD8+ T-cell percentage increased after treatment and was associated with increased TNFα-via-NF-κB signaling. The percentage of PDL1+ immune cells was higher after chemotherapy. An increase in chemo-induced changes that potentially inhibit an antitumor immune response was also observed, including increased fibroblast-based TGFβ signaling and distances from immune cells to the nearest cancer cell. The latter two parameters correlated significantly in posttreatment samples, suggesting that TGFβ signaling in fibroblasts may play a role in spatially separating immune cells from cancer cells. We examined specific chemotherapy regimens and found that treatment with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin was associated with an increase in the macrophage cell percentage. Gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy was associated with upregulation of fibroblast TGFβ signaling.

Conclusions:
The opposing effects of platinum-based chemotherapy on the immune cell composition and stromal context of the tumor-immune microenvironment may explain the inconsistent results of clinical trials investigating chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations in bladder cancer.
Senior High School Program Graduates and Teachers’ Satisfaction and Challenges: Spring Board of Plan Adjustments
Authors: Trinidad Edna D. , Sabacajan Bazil T. , Morados Alexander N. , Nahial Wenie L. 
Published: July 2024

The study was conducted to determine the challenges and satisfaction of the teachers and graduates on the implementation of Senior High School (SHS) Program. Out of 1615 first batch graduates of school year 2017-2018, 306 of them were used as respondents of this study. These respondents were enrolled in two colleges in the Province of Camiguin. While 91 out of 130 SHS teachers from 10 public schools in DepEd-Camiguin represented were used as sample from the SHS implementers. The study utilized the quantitative-descriptive method to answer the research questions. Frequency, mean, ANOVA and multiple regressions were used to analyse the data. The study revealed that the graduate respondents were very disappointed in schools with no laboratories and workshops. They had difficulties in demonstrating their knowledge into actual experiential learning for the tools, materials, equipment and updated audio-visual materials needed were not available, if there were, and then it is not enough. Also, students’ research activities were impeded for no internet connections and other instructional resources available for to use. On the other hand, SHS teachers needed more TGs and CGs, teaching supplies and materials, laboratories and workshops to be effective and efficient to support learning. The graduates were not satisfied on the teachers’ effectiveness and efficiency in delivering the lessons to them. The overall results revealed that there is no significant relationship between satisfactions and challenges among SHS graduates and teachers’ in SHS program implementation. This study found out the need to implement adjustment to address the challenges identified by the respondents. Various programs and activities were needed to address the shortages and needs of the Senior High School community. Moreover, the outcome of the plan adjustments is to encourage the optimistic response of the department heads, school heads, teachers and students. By so doing, improvements will be transpired.
Emotional Intelligence and Conflict Management Strategies among Junior and Senior Uniformed Personnel in Philippine National Police
Authors: Cuevas Kamille Gretchen Z. , Pendon Lerwin Aries T. , Rijon Klyzia C. , Vibar Jerome M. , Villa Elizabeth Buena 
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to determine the emotional intelligence and conflict management strategies among junior and senior uniformed personnel of Philippine National Police. This study employed the use of descriptive comparative research design utilizing survey methodology. Research locale was limited Cavite. The respondents were the 50 junior uniformed personnel and 50 senior uniformed personnel in the locale of the study and were selected using random sampling technique. The research instrument in this study was a survey questionnaire adopted from Galman (2021). Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, rank order and One Way Analysis of Variance.
The study reveals that senior uniformed personnel have higher emotional intelligence and conflict resolution skills compared to younger personnel. Senior personnel have a better understanding of their own emotions and others', and can better manage stress. They also employ more effective conflict resolution tactics. The study suggests that age and experience may influence emotional intelligence and conflict resolution. The study suggests that company culture can impact conflict management and emotional intelligence. It's crucial to tailor conflict management tactics to each age group and provide training to enhance emotional intelligence. Emphasizing these differences can help foster a more efficient professional environment among uniformed staff.
Enhancing Rooting and Biomass of Sugarcane Setts with Bio-Stimulant at Germination Stage
Authors: Oñal, Jr. Paulino A , Baldonebro Jessel Jane G. , Cortez Manuel D. , Andrade Francis E. , Bermejo Nathaniel John C. , Lovino Marinel M. , Poblacion Anna Mae V. 
Published: July 2024

The study aims to determine the effect of the application of bio-stimulant to one-eyed and two-eyed sugarcane setts as planting materials in enhancing the rooting and biomass. The study was conducted at UNO-R School of Agriculture, Philippines from November to December 2023. Phil 2006-2289 variety was used as planting materials. The study was laid out in a two-way factorial Completely Randomized Design with the kind of materials as the main plot and the four (4) levels of concentration of bio-stimulant solutions (BSS) plus the control as the sub-plots replicated 4 times. Cane setts preparation was done a day before the planting operations. Leaf sheaths were remove and only those setts with good and viable eye buds were selected for planting. Soaking was done for 24 hours. Bio-stimulants (BSS) were diluted in water and used as a soaking solution and succeeding application was done 15 days after planting. Statistical analysis revealed highly significant differences among treatments on the germination, biomass accumulation, weight and length of roots, number, weight, and height of tillers applied with 500ml of BSS. There was a high significant difference on the root length and biomass as influence by type of cane setts and the levels of concentration of BSS. Two-eyed cane setts applied with 500ml of BSS got the heaviest root weight and biomass. The study recommends the use of 500ml of BSS and two-eyed cane setts in enhancing the rooting and biomass of sugarcane plants during the germination phase.
Influence of Bio-Stimulant to Rooting and Biomass of Sugarcane Setts at Pre-Tillering Stage
Authors: Oñal, Jr. Paulino A , Garcia Jeff Gregorr A. , De la Cruz Amie E. , Pitallar Jewel V. 
Published: July 2024

Sugarcane is an important crop in the Philippines planted throughout the country but is most abundant in the Visayas and particularly on Negros Island. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of different concentrations of bio-stimulant on enhancing root and biomass accumulations at the pre-tillering stage of the sugarcane plant. The study was conducted at the University of Negros Occidental – Recoletos School of Agriculture, Philippines last December 6, 2023, to February 6, 2024. One hundred pieces of two-eyed cane points of RC-88 were used as planting materials. Soaking the cane points in water was done for 24 hours. Thereafter they were removed from water and air-dried for 30 minutes. The bio-stimulant was prepared before the application based on the study protocol. The bio-stimulant was diluted in distilled water and applied at the base of the plant using a measuring cup for even distribution. Regular monitoring for the presence of pests/diseases was done including watering. There were five (5) treatments, replicated four (4) times using Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Statistical analysis revealed that most of the characteristics of sugarcane plants significantly correlated with roots and biomass accumulation when applied with different levels of concentrations of bio-stimulant concentration at the pre-tillering stage of sugarcane. The use of 500ml Bio-stimulant significantly influenced the germination, tiller height, weight of tillers, weight of roots, length of roots, and biomass. This study recommends the use of 500ml bio-stimulant in enhancing the rooting and biomass accumulation of sugarcane setts at pre-tillering stage.
O canto fala mais: da acústica à cognição
Authors: Medeiros Beatriz Raposo de ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas
Published: July 2024

Por que ler este livro? O objetivo dessa obra é mostrar um percurso de estudos sobre fala e canto a partir da fonética, que é uma subárea da linguística, utilizando uma linguagem que, tanto leigos como acadêmicos de diversas áreas, compreendem. Nesse sentido, conhecimentos sobre os sons do canto comparativamente à fala são apresentados, tratando da acústica e da articulação em relação à produção da fala e do canto, que é considerado um tipo de fala. O canto é tratado como um assunto que pode ser estudado pela ciência da linguagem, a linguística. Também pode ser estudado a partir de paralelos traçados entre ritmo de fala e ritmo da música. Atar tais pontas, neste livro, significa tornar acessível muitos aspectos e elementos que são estudados na universidade e que devem ser amplamente divulgados para toda e qualquer pessoa interessada.
Abstract 3001: Multiomics Analysis On Ascending Aorta Reveals New Potential Targets Of Marfan Syndrome-associated Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Rega Sara , Bouhuis Silvia , Vescio Martina , Gaspardo Anna , Munno Marco , Pattini Linda , Lambroia Luca , Climent Montserrat , Elia Leonardo , Banfi Cristina , Pompilio Giulio , Perrucci Gianluca Lorenzo 
Published: July 2024

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is defined as the pathological enlargement of the first aortic trait. Patients with genetic Marfan syndrome (MFS) develop TAA in young age, since mutations of fibrillin-1 contribute to aortic wall detrimental weakening. To date, effective treatment options for this life-threatening condition are lacking, and pharmacological approaches are merely palliative, postponing the surgical aortic replacement. To identify new treatments for MFS-related TAA (MFS-TAA), current research is concentrated on pinpointing specific biological targets and mechanisms underlying this aortic disorder.
Aim of this study is to unveil new specific and potential targets of MFS-TAA.
Spatial transcriptomics was performed on healthy subject and MFS patients’ thoracic aortas, whereas protein expression levels of vascular smooth muscle cells from MFS patients’ (MFS-VSMC) and healthy subjects (HC-VSMC) were analyzed by quantitative mass spectrometry. -Omics results were validated by qRT-PCR and Western blot assays.

Spatial transcriptomic results revealed 2 different cell clusters in the aortic
tunicae
, best representing aortic VSMC. Structural proteins (
e.g.
,
NES
,
DES
,
CNN1
), were the most transcribed genes in MFS-TAA in comparison with HC aorta. Notably, proteomics yielded five proteins, statistically more abundant in MFS-VSMC
vs.
HC-VSMC (p<0.05): nestin, filamin B, A-kinase anchor protein 12, catenin delta-1, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis performed on cellular components of both transcripts and proteins more expressed in MFS aortic samples highlighted the enrichment of GO terms related to extracellular compartment, actin and cytoskeleton components, and cell adhesion. We validated the levels of nestin, which increased expression in MFS specimens has been observed by both -omics techniques. The results of validation experiments confirmed higher nestin gene expression and protein levels in MFS-VSMC samples (p<0.05) when compared with HC-VSMC.

Results suggest a valuable biological target role for nestin, which pharmacological targeting may represent, in the future, a novel and exploitable therapeutic option for limiting/inhibiting TAA onset or progression in MFS scenario.
Understanding the Source and Evolution of Precipitation Stable Isotope Composition across O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
Authors: Brennis Theodore , Lautze Nicole , Whittier Robert , Kagawa-Viviani Aurora , Tseng Han , Torri Giuseppe , Thomas Donald 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Pacific Islands present unique challenges for water resource management due to their environmental vulnerability, dynamic climates, and heavy reliance on groundwater. Quantifying connections between meteoric, ground, and surface waters is critical for effective water resource management. Analyses of the stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the hydrosphere can help illuminate such connections. This study investigates the stable isotope composition of rainfall on O‘ahu in the Hawaiian Islands, with a particular focus on how altitude impacts stable isotope composition. Rainfall was sampled at 20 locations from March 2018 to August 2021. The new precipitation stable isotope data were integrated with previously published data to create the most spatially and topographically diverse precipitation collector network on O‘ahu to date. Results show that δ18O and δ2H values in precipitation displayed distinct isotopic signatures influenced by geographical location, season, and precipitation source. Altitude and isotopic compositions were strongly correlated along certain elevation transects, but these relationships could not be extrapolated to larger regions due to microclimate influences. Altitude and deuterium excess were strongly correlated across the study region, suggesting that deuterium excess may be a reliable proxy for precipitation elevation in local water tracer studies. Analysis of spring, rainfall, and fog stable isotope composition from Mount Ka‘ala suggests that fog may contribute up to 45% of total groundwater recharge at the summit. These findings highlight the strong influence of microclimates on the stable isotope composition of rainfall, underscore the need for further investigation into fog’s role in the water budget, and demonstrate the importance of stable isotope analysis for comprehending hydrologic dynamics in environmentally sensitive regions.
Evaluating Machine Learning–Based Probabilistic Convective Hazard Forecasts Using The HRRR: Quantifying Hazard Predictability and Sensitivity to Training Choices
Authors: Sobash Ryan A. , Ahijevych David A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model provides hourly updating forecasts of convective-scale phenomena, which can be used to infer the potential for convective hazards (e.g., tornadoes, hail, and wind gusts), across the United States. We used deterministic 2019–20 HRRR, version 4 (HRRRv4), forecasts to train neural networks (NNs) to generate 4-hourly probabilistic convective hazard forecasts [neural network probability forecasts (NNPFs)] for HRRRv4 initializations in 2021, using storm reports as ground truth. The NNPFs were compared to the skill of a smoothed updraft helicity (UH) baseline to quantify the benefit of the NNs. NNPF skill varied by initialization time and time of day but was all superior to the UH forecast. NNPFs valid at hours between 1800 and 0000 UTC were most skillful in aggregate, significantly exceeding the baseline forecast skill. Overnight NNPFs (i.e., valid 0600–1200 UTC) were least skillful, indicating a diurnal cycle in hazard predictability that was present across all HRRRv4 initializations. We explored the sensitivity of HRRRv4 NNPF skill to NN training choices. Including an additional year of 2021 HRRRv4 forecasts for training slightly improved skill for 2022 HRRRv4 NNPFs, while reducing the training dataset size by 40% using only forecasts with storm reports was not detrimental to forecast skill. Finally, NNs trained with 2018–20 HRRRv3 forecasts led to a reduction in NNPF skill when applied to 2021 HRRRv4 forecasts. In addition to documenting practical predictability challenges with convective hazard prediction, these findings reinforce the need for a consistent model configuration for optimal results when training NNs and provide best practices when constructing a training dataset with operational convection-allowing model forecasts.

Significance Statement
Convective hazards, such as hail and tornadoes, are often challenging to predict. To improve hazard predictions, we used machine learning (ML) to generate forecasts of convective hazards across the United States leveraging forecasts of prior events. The ML hazard forecasts were consistently better than a non-ML approach and varied in skill based on the time of day, with nighttime forecasts being particularly challenging. ML forecasts of wind gusts and hail were more skillful than tornadoes. Different strategies of constructing the dataset of prior events led to differences in forecast performance; thus, this work provides recommendations for how to assemble these datasets and train ML models to generate improved forecasts of severe weather events.
Adjuvant Intralesional Bevacizumab in Pediatric and Adult Populations With Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gately Ursula E. , Zhang Nan , Karle William E. , Lott David G. 
Published: July 2024

Objective: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare disease of the airway for which there is no known cure. Treatment involves the surgical removal or destruction of these lesions. There has been a long-standing debate over the effectiveness of the adjuvant intralesional injection of the immune modifying agent bevacizumab. This study is a systematic review investigating the effect of adjuvant intralesional bevacizumab on patients with laryngeal papillomatosis. The main objective was to assess functional outcomes and efficacy. Data Sources: Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Review Methods: Search words were “intralesional bevacizumab” AND “recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.” Sources were systematically identified using inclusion and exclusion criteria (ie, study publication must post-date 2000, must be peer-reviewed, investigate patients with RRP, apply bevacizumab intralesionally, not systemically). Findings were then collected and analyzed. Results: Ten studies were included for analysis. The majority of these studies found an increase in the surgical interval, voice outcomes, and a decrease in tumor burden in most patients. No studies reported side effects or lasting complications related to the bevacizumab injection. Conclusion: This systematic review provides further evidence for the safety of intralesional bevacizumab injections and their likely positive effect on disease control. Future research would benefit from the implementation of standardized documentation of RRP outcomes.