bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcription of the pain‐related TRPV1 gene requires Runx1 and C/EBPβ factors
Authors: Ugarte Giorgia D. , Diaz Emilio , Biscaia Miguel , Stehberg Jimmy , Montecino Martin , van Zundert Brigitte 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTransient Receptor Potential Vanilloid type 1 channel (TRPV1) is an important endogenous transducer of noxious heat and chemical stimuli and is required during development of inflammatory hypersensitivity. The transcription factor Runx1 is known to play a relevant role in sensory neuron differentiation as it controls the expression of several sensory nociceptive receptors, including TRPV1. Here, we show that Runx1 up‐regulates TRPV1 transcription activity by interacting directly with the proximal TRPV1 gene promoter sequence. Importantly, C/EBPβ a well‐established heterodimer partner of Runx1 also binds to the TRPV1 promoter and cooperates with Runx1 to further stimulate TRPV1 transcription. Our results support a mechanism where Runx1‐C/EBPβ‐containing transcription regulatory complexes are recruited to the TRPV1 gene promoter to modulate TRPV1 expression in dorsal root ganglia neurons. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 860–870, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The pur protein family: Genetic and structural features in development and disease
Authors: Johnson Edward M. , Daniel Dianne C. , Gordon Jennifer 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe Pur proteins are an ancient family of sequence‐specific single‐stranded nucleic acid‐binding proteins. They bind a G‐rich element in either single‐ or double‐stranded nucleic acids and are capable of displacing the complementary C‐rich strand. Recently several reports have described Pur family member knockouts, mutations, and disease aberrations. Together with a recent crystal structure of Purα, these data reveal conserved structural features of these proteins that have been adapted to serve functions unique to higher eukaryotes. In humans Pur proteins are critical for myeloid cell development, muscle development, and brain development, including trafficking of mRNA to neuronal dendrites. Pur family members have been implicated in diseases as diverse as cancer, premature aging, and fragile‐X mental retardation syndrome. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Organic light‐emitting diodes with enhanced out‐coupling efficiency using high‐refractive‐index glass frit
Authors: Yagi Tadao , Satoh Ryuichi , Yamada Yukika , Kang Hosuk , Miyao Hiroshi , Sawa Konosuke 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe have fabricated a novel type of substrate for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) to improve the light out‐coupling efficiency. It was fabricated by forming an excellent flat layer using a high‐refractive‐index B2O3‐SiO2‐Bi2O3 frit glass on the light diffusive glass substrate. By using this substrate, we have sufficiently reduced the total internal reflection of OLEDs, and we successfully obtained more than 1.9 times higher light out‐coupling efficiency without spectral changes and viewing angle dependency. Furthermore, we have also successfully demonstrated 50 × 50 mm large‐area white OLEDs with this novel substrate.
The influence of regional hydrology on nesting behavior and nest fate of the American alligator
Authors: Ugarte Cristina A. , Bass Oron L. , Nuttle William , Mazzotti Frank J. , Rice Kenneth G. , Fujisaki Ikuko , Whelan Kevin R.T. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHydrologic conditions are critical to the nesting behavior and reproductive success of crocodilians. In South Florida, USA, growing human settlement has led to extensive surface water management and modification of historical water flows in the wetlands, which have affected regional nesting of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). Although both natural and anthropogenic factors are considered to determine hydrologic conditions, the aspects of hydrological patterns that affect alligator nest effort, flooding (partial and complete), and failure (no hatchling) are unclear. We deconstructed annual hydrological patterns using harmonic models that estimated hydrological matrices including mean, amplitude, timing of peak, and periodicity of surface water depth and discharge and examined their effects on alligator nesting using survey data from Shark Slough, Everglades National Park, from 1985 to 2005. Nest effort increased in years with higher mean and lesser periodicity of water depth. A greater proportion of nests were flooded and failed when peak discharge occurred earlier in the year. Also, nest flooding rates were greater in years with greater periodicity of water depth, and nest failure rate was greater when mean discharge was higher. This study guides future water management decisions to mitigate negative impacts on reproduction of alligators and provides wildlife managers with a tool for assessing and modifying annual water management plans to conserve crocodilians and other wetland species. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
18F‐fluorodeoxythymidine micro–positron‐emission tomography versus 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose micro–positron‐emission tomography for in vivo minimal residual disease imaging
Authors: Ekshyyan Oleksandr , Sibley Don , Caldito Gloria C. , Sunderland John , Vascoe Chris , Nathan Cherie‐Ann O. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The early detection of persistent/recurrent disease of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) after treatment can be challenging. The currently used radioisotope 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a nonspecific tracer for cancer cells as it detects all metabolically active cells including inflammation. 18F‐fluorodeoxythymidine (FLT) is a radioactive tracer for rapidly proliferating cells, and therefore is more specific for detecting cancer. Our aim was to compare FLT and FDG microPET (positron‐emission tomography) to the gold standard in vivo bioluminescence imaging for serial assessment of neoplastic growth in a minimal residual disease in vivo model.Study Design:Prospective outcomes research.Methods:In order to mimic the postsurgical environment of HNSCC patients FaDu cells transfected with a luciferase‐expressing retrovirus were inoculated into the skin flap of Balb/c nu/nu mice. Three days later before tumors formed, mice were randomized into 18F‐FLT or 18F‐FDG groups, and microPET imaging was performed on days 3, 6, 10, 18, and 24 after tumor cell inoculation.Results:18F‐FLT detected tumors as early as day 3 even before tumors were palpable, whereas 18F‐FDG only detected palpable tumors. The average overall normalized radioactivity in the FLT group was significantly higher than the FDG group (P = .025).Conclusions:18F‐FLT identified tumor cells before tumors were palpable and can potentially be used for early detection of persistence/recurrence of HNSCC. In addition, this radioisotope can be used to monitor adjuvant therapy with novel targeted therapeutics in preclinical models of persistent disease. Laryngoscope, 2013
Synergistic effects of photodynamic therapy with HPPH and gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cell lines
Authors: Sun Gang , Anderson Marlys A. , Gorospe Emmanuel C. , Leggett Cadman L. , Lutzke Lori S. , Wong Kee Song Louis M. , Levy Michael , Wang Kenneth K. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential treatment for pancreatic cancer. A second‐generation photosensitizer, 2‐[1‐hexyloxyethyl]‐2‐devinyl pyropheophorbide (HPPH) has a long wavelength absorption, high‐tumor selectivity, and shorter duration of skin photosensitivity. We investigated the efficacy of PDT with HPPH and gemcitabine in inducing cell death in multiple pancreatic cancer cell lines.MethodsWe used three pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC‐1, MIA PaCa‐2, and BXPC‐3) incubated with HPPH concentration of 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 µg/ml for 6 hours, followed by photoradiation at a light dose of 60 J/cm2. Afterwards, each cell line was treated with gemcitabine at concentrations of 0, 1, 10, and 100 µM and incubated for another 96 hours. Cell death was detected with SYTOX green staining. We also assessed the difference in cytotoxicity in adding gemcitabine before and after PDT.ResultsHPPH‐PDT can effectively induce cell death in all cell lines in a dose‐dependent manner, with a 100% of cell death at the 0.5 µg/ml HPPH concentration. In contrast, monotherapy with gemcitabine alone (100 µM) only achieved <45% cell death. Combining gemcitabine to HPPH‐PDT resulted in synergistic cytotoxic effect with 20–50% more cell death across all cell lines. There was no difference in cytotoxicity in adding gemcitabine before or after PDT.ConclusionThis is the first study on HPPH‐PDT for pancreatic cancer. HPPH‐PDT‐induced cell death occurs in a dose‐dependent manner. HPPH‐PDT and gemcitabine have synergistic effects in inducing cell death in multiple pancreatic cancer cell lines. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 755–761, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐intensity diode laser in combination with bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate: A new strategy for the treatment of large prostates (>80 ml)
Authors: Chen Chien‐Hsu , Chiang Po‐Hui , Lee Wei‐Chia , Chuang Yao‐Chi , Kang Chih‐Hsiung , Hsu Chun‐Chien , Lee Wei‐Ching , Chen Yen‐Ta , Cheng Yuan‐Tso 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe ideal treatment of large prostates with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains controversial. We compare the efficacy and safety of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) with high‐intensity diode laser in combination with bipolar TURP (DL + b‐TURP) in the treatment of large prostates.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to BPH with prostates larger than 80 ml, undergoing monopolar TURP (n = 36) or DL + b‐TURP (n = 37) between January 2008 and March 2010. The preoperative and follow‐up functional parameters including International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), post‐void residual urine (PVR), maximum flow rate (Qmax), quality of life score (QoLs), prostate size, and prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) were assessed. The operative data, peri‐ and post‐operative complications were also recorded.ResultsThe demographic data were comparable between the two groups. Preoperative prostate volume was 110.8 ± 28.9 ml in the DL + b‐TURP group and 103.7 ± 31.2 ml in the TURP group. TURP group had significantly shorter operative time; however, the catheterization time and hospital stay were in favor of the DL + b‐TURP group (P < 0.001). The decrease in hemoglobin was statistically significantly greater in the TURP group. Late complications were also comparable. Both groups could achieve significant improvements in functional outcomes during the follow‐up of 24 months.ConclusionsWith regard to the operative safety and functional results, high‐intensity diode laser combined with bipolar TURP is feasible for BPH treatment with large prostates. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 699–704, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topological representation of geometric theories
Authors: Forssell Henrik 
Published: September 2012

AbstractUsing Butz and Moerdijk's topological groupoid representation of a topos with enough points, a ‘syntax‐semantics’ duality for geometric theories is constructed. The emphasis is on a logical presentation, starting with a description of the semantic topological groupoid of models and isomorphisms of a theory. It is then shown how to extract a theory from equivariant sheaves on a topological groupoid in such a way that the result is a contravariant adjunction between theories and groupoids, the restriction of which is a duality between theories with enough models and semantic groupoids. Technically a variant of the syntax‐semantics duality constructed in 1 for first‐order logic, the construction here works for arbitrary geometric theories and uses a slice construction on the side of groupoids—reflecting the use of ‘indexed’ models in the representation theorem—which in several respects simplifies the construction and the characterization of semantic groupoids.
Linear extensions of partial orders and reverse mathematics
Authors: Frittaion Emanuele , Marcone Alberto 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe introduce the notion of τ‐like partial order, where τ is one of the linear order types ω, ω*, ω + ω*, and ζ. For example, being ω‐like means that every element has finitely many predecessors, while being ζ‐like means that every interval is finite. We consider statements of the form “any τ‐like partial order has a τ‐like linear extension” and “any τ‐like partial order is embeddable into τ” (when τ is ζ this result appears to be new). Working in the framework of reverse mathematics, we show that these statements are equivalent either to \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathsf {B}{\Sigma }^{0}_{2}$\end{document} or to \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathsf {ACA}_0$\end{document} over the usual base system \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathsf {RCA}_0$\end{document}.
Quantitative muscle ultrasound and muscle force in healthy children: A 4‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Jacobs Joost , Jansen Merel , Janssen Henny , Raijmann Wilma , Van Alfen Nens , Pillen Sigrid 
Published: September 2012

IntroductionNo longitudinal data on the normal development of muscle thickness (MT), quantitative muscle ultrasound echo intensity (EI), and muscle force (MF) in healthy children are yet available.MethodsReference values of MT, EI, and MF of 4 muscles from infancy to age 16 years were established during a 4‐year follow‐up period and correlated with age and growth.ResultsFor most muscles, MT and MF correlated with growth and aging, with almost equal influences of weight and height. EI increased only slightly (1% per year) with height, weight, and age.ConclusionsTo use these reference values for repeated measurements, MF and MT can be corrected for either weight or height. It does not seem necessary to correct EI for these factors during follow‐up of a few years. These results provide a basis for more precise detection of changes in muscle structure or force in neuromuscular disorders. Muscle Nerve 47: 856–863, 2013
Preparation, characterization and dielectric properties of polycyanurate films cyclotrimerized in the presence of different catalysts
Authors: Gürşen Sibel , Yıldırım Saffettin , Deligöz Hüseyin 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe article deals with the preparation and characterization of a series of functional polycyanurate (PCN) films obtained from bisphenol E dicyanate (BDECy) by thermal cyclotrimerization in the presence of four different catalysts. Thermal, structural, and dielectrical analyses of PCN films are performed as well as some physical properties such as solubility, adhesion, hardness, and contact angle measurements are studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results reveal that cyclotrimerized structure is formed from BDECy not only in the presence of catalyst but also free of catalyst. While 55.5% of BDECy is cylotrimerized without catalyst, the conversion of BDECy into triazine significantly increases and reaches to 82.1% and 84.8% for PCNPh1‐2 and PCNPh3‐2, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis results reveal that PCN films prepared in the presence of catalyst are thermally stable up to 240°C and exhibit two degradation steps. Dielectric constant and dielectrical breakdown strength of the PCN film cyclotrimerized with 1 wt% phenol as catalyst are found to be 3.16 at 1 MHz and 194 kV/mm, respectively, while the catalyst‐free PCN film has the dielectric constant of 4.92 at the same frequency. On the other hand, chemical stability, hardness, and adhesion properties of the prepared films are found to be excellent. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Effect of the nanoclay types on the rheological response of unsaturated polyester–clay nanocomposites
Authors: Rezadoust Amir Masoud , Esfandeh Masoud , Beheshty Mohammad Hosain , Heinrich Gert 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe rheological behavior of styrene‐free unsaturated polyester resin–nanoclay (Cloisite 15A and 30B) nanocomposites at various nanoclay contents prepared by melt mixing was investigated. To investigate the effect of shear and diffusion induced phenomena as well as nanoclay surface modification on the rheological behavior, samples were prepared at two different temperatures of 40°C (cold mixed) and 150°C (hot mixed) and tested in a range of 40–120°C using dynamic rheometry. Viscosity–temperature curves for the cold mixed samples showed a decrease in viscosity with increasing temperature followed by the formation of a plateau with onset temperature which depends on the nanoclay type and content. The results of small angle X‐ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy analysis were in agreement with the formation of a physical network in which nanoclay particles act as the nodes, whereas polymer chains serve as the links. It is believed that for the cold‐mixed samples, higher shear forces break the nanoclay stacks associations efficiently, and hence more nanoparticles are available for polymer chains to form the network. In this context, the initial d‐spacing was much more effective than the nanoclay modification type. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Crystallization behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites containing zinc phenylphosphonate
Authors: Tsuboi Tomoya , Katayama Hiromu , Itoh Takashi 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPoly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composites with different ratios of zinc phenylphosphonate (ZPP) were prepared by mixing in a kneader. The crystallization behavior of the composites from the melt was investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). The POM observations directly showed that nucleation of the PVDF crystal was promoted by adding ZPP. The data obtained from DSC measurements also indicated that the crystallization temperature of the composites became higher than that of pure PVDF. These results suggested that ZPP acted as a good nucleating agent for PVDF. Nonisothermal crystallization behavior was analyzed by Avrami equation adopted by Jeziorny. The results of the analysis were found to be consistent with the POM observations for the composites. WAXD analysis suggested that the PVDF crystal structure was influenced by ZPP addition. These results proved that as a nucleating agent, ZPP increased the crystallization rate and temperature of PVDF. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Nanosecond‐scale time‐resolved electron imaging during laser crystallization of GeTe
Authors: Santala Melissa K. , Reed Bryan W. , Raoux Simone , Topuria Teya , LaGrange Thomas , Campbell Geoffrey H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractLaser crystallization of amorphous phase change materials (PCMs) occurs on the nanosecond scale, during which it is challenging to probe the details of microstructural development experimentally. In this study, in situ laser‐induced crystallization of amorphous GeTe thin films was imaged with transmission electron microscopy with 15‐ns time resolution. These data provide insight into the crystallization process of PCMs during laser crystallization. The initial results allow us to begin to develop a detailed picture of the crystallization process when high spatial and temporal temperature gradients exist. Differences in the nucleation rate may be distinguished within the laser‐affected area and changes in the microstructure before crystallization suggest the occurrence of melting of the amorphous phase at the laser energy used. The amorphous melting temperature is estimated based on the thermodynamic data available.
Magnetic properties of Ni and Ni–Cu nanoparticles
Authors: Leontyev Vladimir 
Published: September 2012

AbstractNanoparticles of pure Ni and Ni–Cu solid solution were synthesized by the sol–gel method at 400–600 °C. The particle sizes and values of specific surface of powders were dependent on the synthesis temperature. The magnetization of the obtained powders was studied using a high‐temperature magnetic balance. The Curie temperature for particles of pure nickel did not depend on their size but the specific magnetization at 300 K decreased linearly with increasing specific surface area of particles. For particles of the Ni–Cu binary solid solutions, the Curie temperature and values of magnetization increased with decreasing particle size for particles with diameters up to values less than 100 nm. The amount of adsorbed copper on the particles surface, the change of nickel concentration in the volume of the particles and the Curie temperatures, depending on the Cu (Ni) concentration in a volume of particles, were calculated using the Gibbs equation. The calculations made in the framework of a perfect solution showed qualitative agreement between experimental and calculated values of the Curie temperature for the system Ni–Cu.
Spin‐current rectification in the presence of spin‐flip in a quantum dot using temperature bias
Authors: Tagani M. Bagheri , Soleimani H. Rahimpour 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe analyze spin‐dependent transport through a spin‐diode in the presence of spin‐flip and under influence of temperature bias. The current polarization and the spin accumulation are investigated in detail by means of reduced density matrix. Results show that the spin accumulation is linearly increased when the metallic electrode is warmer whereas, its behavior is more complicated when the ferromagnetic lead is warmer. Spin‐flip causes that the current polarization becomes not only a function of spin‐flip rate but also a function of temperature. The current polarization is reduced up to 90% if the time of spin‐flip is equal to the tunneling time. The behavior of spin‐dependent current is also studied as a function of temperature, spin‐flip rate, and polarization.
Persistent layer‐by‐layer growth for pulsed‐laser homoepitaxy of $(000\bar 1)$ ZnO
Authors: Zippel Jan , Lorenz Michael , Benndorf Gabriele , Grundmann Marius 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPersistent layer‐by‐layer growth is demonstrated for pulsed‐laser homoepitaxy of ZnO thin films on $(000\bar 1)$ ZnO single crystals. Employing interval pulsed‐laser deposition (PLD), RHEED oscillations are stabilized over a film thickness of about 90 nm. For interval pulsed laser deposited films a considerably decreased root‐mean‐square surface roughness of 0.26 nm was found, in comparison to 0.74 nm for conventional PLD. A small asymmetry in the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) 2θ –ω scan reveals compressive strain in the thin film being slightly larger for interval PLD as compared to conventional PLD. The FWHM of the photoluminescence (PL) I6 line is higher with about 500 µeV as compared to 350 µeV for the conventional PLD. Consequently, both XRD as well as PL indicate a slightly higher amount of charged defects for the interval PLD.magnified imageEvolution of RHEED intensity as function of time for interval PLD. The green and red line marks the start and the end of the ablation interval, respectively.(© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)