bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1181 – Short-term Management Of Agitation Associated With Psychotic Or Bipolar Disorders: a Systematic Review
Authors: Dundar Y. , Greenhalgh J. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundAgitation is a broad term used to describe a cluster of symptoms that may range from mild to severe. It is a common feature of psychotic and bipolar disorders, and can be distressing both emotionally and physically. Patients with agitation are unable to relax and show signs of restlessness such as pacing, pressured speech or shouting. Severely agitated patients are at risk of causing harm to themselves and others. Although milder forms of agitation may be managed with psychological interventions, more severe agitation may need pharmacological treatment.Objectives1)to systematically review the evidence for the clinical effectiveness of pharmacological interventions used to management agitation associated with psychotic or bipolar disorders,2)to identify gaps in the research evidence base to inform decisions on research priorities.MethodsElectronic databases including Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo and The Cochrane Library were searched for relevant published literature of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Predefined inclusion criteria were applied to citations in a two-stage process. Outcome measures included change in agitation levels as measured by accepted standard scales (e.g. PANSS-EC) clinical improvement as measured by The Clinical Global Impression rating scales and treatment emergent adverse effects.ResultsIn total, 17 RCTs with a total trial population of 4104 were included in the review. Of these, 11 compared one or more antipsychotics and 6 compared an antipsychotic with a benzodiazepine. Final results of the data synthesis will be reported.ConclusionsThe results of the review will summarise the current evidence base and identify future research needs.
1184 – A Case Of Cotard’s Syndrome Associated With Self-starvation
Authors: Teixeira B. , Almeida T. , Venâncio Â. , Araújo M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionIn 1880 Cotard introduced the term, “délire de negation”, which referred to nihilistic delusions and has come to be known as Cotard’s syndrome. This condition is thought to be characterized by various degrees of delusional beliefs in which different aspects of existence are negated or experienced from a negative perspective.ObjectivesThe historical concept of Cotard’s syndrome, its clinical presentation and treatment is briefly reviewed.AimsTo report a case study of Cotard’s syndrome associated with self-starvation and to review the concept and clinical features of the condition.MethodsA detailed clinical history was obtained from several interviews and a literature review of the theme is shortly surveyed.ResultsA woman of 66 years, without any psychiatric history prior 2012, developed a clinical picture of depressed mood and sudden onset of delusions of ruin, ill health, guilt and self-starvation. She believed that her esophagus and stomach were glued together, so that it was not possible for her to ingest any food. She also refused to go outside because she believed she was malodorous (she had olfactory hallucinations). The patient started experiencing these symptoms after her husband’s unexpected death, a few months prior to admission. She was treated with high doses of antidepressants and an antipsychotic.ConclusionsCotard’s syndrome in this case study is associated with depression. Attempting to understand individuals with the condition from both a phenomenological as well as biological viewpoint may eventually pave the way for clearer connections between psychological and biological causation of the syndrome.
1201 – Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorders With The Alpha-1 Adrenergic Antagonist Prazosin: An Overview
Authors: Rousseau P.-F. , Simon P.-Y.-R. , Clervoy P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) affects nearly 10% of soldiers leaved waging war. So far, there is no standard treatment for PTSD. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered the first-line pharmacological treatment for PTSD. However, response rates rarely exceed 60% and less than 20-30% of the patients achieve full remission. Excessive brain responsiveness to norepinephrine appears to play a significant role in the onset of PTSD. A brain active alpha- 1 adrenergic receptor antagonist used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy and hypertension, prazosin, is of major interest and might become the main therapeutic treatment for PTSD.Objective and methodsIn order to further assess the therapeutic efficacy of prazosin, the present review analyzes the results of Medline-referenced outcome studies conducted.AimsConfirm the therapeutic efficacity of prazosin in the PTSD.ResultsThese studies concern 99 patients included in five clinical trials ran from 2004 to 2008. 24% of the patients have been exposed to civilian trauma and 76% to war trauma. Prazosin significantly (p< 0.05 versus controls) decreases trauma nightmares, distressed awakening, avoidance, sleep disturbance, hyper-arousal, re-experiencing and improves global clinical status in all studies. From a statistical point of view, any significant difference of blood pressure was observed at the end of trials.ConclusionsBeyond the methodological biases, the present review confirms the effectiveness of prazosin in reducing overall PTSD illness severity and distress. Studies of longer duration in larger samples are necessary to confirm these preliminary findings.
1203 – Cognition And Civil Capacity In Diogenes Syndrome: Analysis Of Psychiatric Reports From The Public Attorney District Of Rio De Janeiro
Authors: Sudo F.K. , Santiago C.R. , Salles A.C. , Felix-Junior S. , Bastos C.L. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDiogenes Syndrome (DS) refers to a collection of features found mainly in older persons which includes social isolation, self-neglect, poor insight, domestic squalor and hoarding behavior. Underlying psychiatric disorders might be identified in most of those elders. Issues of law have been embedded in DS cases, since individuals commonly expose themselves and their neighborhood to preventable health risks, due to extreme self-neglect and poor sanitation.ObjectiveThis cross-section aims to assess health-care, cognitive and civil capacity status of patients with DS, based on data from forensic-medical reports.MethodsPsychiatric-forensic reports concerning to elders living alone, recorded between January 2009 to December 2010 in the archives of the Public Attorney District of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were analyzed.ResultsReports from 40 living alone elders (mean age=79.63 ± 7.84 years; mean schooling= 5.68 ± 5.43 years; 75% female) were eligible for the study. 20 individuals (50%) fulfilled diagnostic criteria for DS. DS individuals presented significantly lower mean scores in MMSE than non-DS persons (p= 0.019). More individuals with dementia were found among DS group. Fewer recent medical consultations (p= 0.038) and higher rates of civil incapacity (p= 0.001) were identified in DS elders. Negative moderate correlation was found between MMSE scores and diagnostic of DS (rho=-0.403; p= 0.016). Medical support (phi= 0.388; p= 0.016) and civil incapacity (phi= 0.554; p< 0.001) also correlated with diagnostic of DS.ConclusionDS might be related to poor cognitive status, health care neglect and impaired discernment, which may be of interest to both health and law practitioners.
1204 – The Uncanny - a Cinematic And Psychodynamic Exploration
Authors: Spinzy Y. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe “Uncanny” (Das Unheimliche), a concept coined by Sigmund Freud (1919) and presented in art and psychotherapy. It is when an experience can be familiar, yet foreign at the same time, resulting in an uncomfortably strange or familiar feeling.ObjectiveA theoretical investigation and comparison of the “Uncanny” concept in the cinematic and psycho-therapeutic setting.Aims1.Exploring the cinematic Uncanny motifs in two films by screenwriter, Charlie Kaufman: “Being John Malkovich” and “Adaptation”.2.Exploring these motifs and understanding them in the context of a case study of prolonged psycho-dynamic psychotherapy.3.Outlining practical implications for the use of this concept in psycho-dynamic psychotherapy.MethodsThrough cinematic analysis of the films we describe the development of the uncanny experience. Thereafter, through narrative analysis of a case report, we refer to the obstacles created by the “Uncanny” experience in the psycho- therapeutic process.ResultsThe cinematic motifs (“The Double” and “The Secret”) involved in the creation of the “Uncanny” experience are present and have a major effect on the therapeutic process. Exemplifying and analyzing their presentation seem to clarify possible obstacles that challenge the therapist.ConclusionsThe “Uncanny” is a concept that describes the human experience of sudden familiarity in a novel and strange situation. In this study we describe this phenomenon through psychoanalytic literature and explore it via popular films. It seems that recognizing the Uncanny in the therapeutic process may assist in engaging a therapeutic relationship and improving therapy outcomes.
1216 – Dementia And Subclinical Hypothyroidism: a Case Report
Authors: Rodrigues S. , Pinto A. , Fernandes L. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSubclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) occurs in 4-20% of adult population, elderly subjects have the higher prevalence. Although the impacts of overt hypothyroidism on metabolic and neuropsychiatric functions are relatively well documented the effects of SCH remain controversial. Several studies have reported that SCH was associated with increase of metabolic diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders.ObjectiveThe purpose of this work is to report a clinical case of coexisting dementia and subclinical hypothyroidism.MethodsDescriptive analysis of a clinical case supported on the review of literature.ResultsThe authors describe a case of an 82 year old man with an established dementia, in the three weeks before hospitalization developed a clinical presentation with increasing agitation, aggression, behavioural disorders, impaired memory and insomnia. He had several co-morbid medical conditions, including atrial fibrillation, hypertension and dyslipidemia, with treatment.Discussion and conclusionFor an accurate diagnosis is important to exclude organic pathology. The elderly patients have generally been reported to have associated multiple co-morbidities and polimedications with serious implications in psychotropic medications. This overlap with other diseases is an important confounding factor in the older population. Management of these patients presents a continuous challenge in the context of a General Hospital.
1217 – Obstetrical And Neonatal Outcomes After Prenatal Exposure To Psychiatric Medication - Experience Of The Early Intervention Unit
Authors: Martins V. , Garrido P. , Pimenta S. , Murta I. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPregnancy and postpartum are periods of increased vulnerability for psychiatric disorders, such as mood disorders, anxiety and psychotic disorders, that, when left untreated, imply serious consequences for the pregnant and the fetus. Since 1995, the Psychiatric Liaison Consultation in Bissaya Barreto Maternity (MBB) is part of the Early Intervention Unit (UIP), which consists of a multidisciplinary team that ensures a specific intervention in pregnant and postpartum women with psychiatric illness.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of prenatal exposure to psychiatric medication on obstetrical and neonatal outcomes.MethodsThe authors conducted a case-control study to compare obstetric and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women exposed to psychotropic drugs (antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers and benzodiazepines), observed at the Psychiatry - Obstetric Consultation (n= 69), with those of women followed at the Obstetric Consultation, without psychopathology during pregnancy, who were not exposed to psychiatric medication (n=69). The study was performed during a period of six months (October 2011 - March 2012).ResultsThe results were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS (19th version).ConclusionsPreliminary results show that obstetrical and neonatal outcomes in the group exposed to psychiatric medication are, at least, as good as in the control group, supporting that the use of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy is safe, as long as used with caution. Early psychiatric intervention during pregnancy, in conjunction with obstetrics, seems to be the best way to follow up pregnant women with mental illness.
1219 – Phenylalanine Kinetics In Schizophrenia Patients Detected By 13c-phenylalanine Breath Test
Authors: Teraishi T. , Ozeki Y. , Hori H. , Sasayama D. , Chiba S. , Yamamoto N. , Tanaka H. , Iijima Y. , Matsuo J. , Kawamoto Y. , Kinoshita Y. , Hattori K. , Ota M. , Kajiwara M. , Terada S. , Higuchi T. , Kunugi H. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAltered levels of phenylalanine and its metabolites in blood and cerebrospinal fluid have previously been reported in schizophrenia. This study attempted to examine whether phenylalanine kinetics is altered in schizophrenia using the 13C-phenylalanine breath test (13C-PBT).MethodsSubjects were 20 patients with schizophrenia and the same number of controls. 13C-phenylalanine was administered and then 13CO2 concentration in breath was monitored for 120 minutes. The Δ 13CO2 at each collecting time, the maximal Δ 13CO2 (Cmax), the time to reach Cmax (Tmax), the area under the curve of time course of Δ13CO2 (AUC), the cumulative recovery rate (CRR) at each collecting time of the 13C-PBT were calculated for each subject.ResultsBody weight (BW) and diagnostic status were significant predictors for Cmax. BW, age and diagnostic status were significant predictors for AUC and CRR at 120 minutes (CRR0-120). A repeated measures ANCOVA controlling for age and BW revealed a different pattern of change in CRR over time between the patients and controls and that Δ13CO2 in schizophrenia were lower than that in healthy control at all sampling point during 120 min, with an overall significant differences between healthy control and schizophrenia. The ANCOVA controlling for age and BW, showed that Cmax, AUC and CRR0-120 were significantly lower in schizophrenics than in controls.ConclusionsOur data indicate the different change of Δ13CO2 and CRR over time and the decreased Cmax, AUC and CRR0-120 of 13C-PBT in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting the altered phenylalanine kinetics in schizophrenia.
1233 – Temperament Markers In Mood Disorders
Authors: Trofimova I. , Sulis W. 
Published: July 2013

We examined nine dynamical and three emotional aspects of behavior in depression and anxiety, singly and comorbidly. The study used the Structure of Temperament Questionnaire Compact (STQ 77), within the Functional Ensemble of Temperament model (FET). FET model describes 12 scales assess the energetic, lability and sensitivity aspects of behavior in the physical, social, mental and emotional domains. The STQ 77 was administered to 86 patients with Major Depression, 85 patients with an anxiety disorder, 43 patients with comorbid depression and anxiety, and 71 subjects without depression or anxiety disorder all presenting to a private outpatient clinical practice.Results1)Depression was associated with self-reports of increased impulsivity and rigidity of behavior.2)Depressed patients reported significantly lower physical energy, tempo of physical activity and plasticity of behavior. The presence of comorbid anxiety further worsened these effects.3)The ability to sustain attention on a mental task and to learn new information was lower in depressed patients than in other groups.ConclusionComorbid depression and anxiety might be associates, decreasing adaptivity and the self-regulatory balance of behavior, leading to the development of extremes in behavioral reactivity (impulsivity and rigidity).
1234 – Prevalence Of Patient And Visitor Violence Against Staff On High-risk Medical Wards
Authors: Lepping P. , Lanka S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPatient and visitor violence (PVV) is increasingly recognised as being widespread in General hospital setting, more so in medical wards. Recent International studies showed that it's a worldwide problem. There is little data available detailing prevalence of PVV in UK. The national NHS annual violence data only focuses on physical assaults on staff.ObjectivesTo measure PVV with parameters of verbal abuse, threats and physical assaults over a four week period.AimsThe aim of the study is to identify the prevalence of PVV in high risk medical wards in North WalesMethodsA cross sectional study was conducted with a validated tool (abbreviated SOVES) in six high PPV risk medical wards in three North Wales General District Hospitals.ResultsOf the 158 staff responded 83% were subjected to verbal abuse in the preceding four weeks. 50% reported being threatened and 63% reported being physically assaulted. 56% of those assaulted sustained an injury with three needed medical assessment and/or treatment.Nurses and Health care support Workers reported being subjected to all forms of PVV more than other staff groups. Direct patient contact correlated more to overall incidence of PVV. Our study could not find any correlation between amount of training received by staff in the management of aggression and the experience of PVV.ConclusionsPVV is a significant problem in medical wards inspite of regular staff training programmes. Means to communicate risk should be considered by all staff working in high risk medical wards.
1246 – Medico-economic Impact Of a Suicide Attempt On The Relatives Of The Suicide Attempter
Authors: Jardon V. , Poulet E. , Genest P. , Chastang F. , Brousse G. , Garre J.B. , Pichene C. , Thevenon Gignac C. , Jehel L. , Chanudet C. , Benoit M. , Mousques J. , Dourgnon P. , Demarty A.L. , Duhem S. , Ducrocq F. , Seguin M. , Vaiva G. 
Published: July 2013

HypothesisA suicide attempt is an major event that creates harm on both family and close relatives, that can be measured in terms of traumatic stress and medico-economic impact (costs). Each year, 3.750.000 French people are concerned by a suicide attempt of a relative (or close person).SubjectsMale or female, older than 16, being a relative of a suicide attempter (i.e. living in the same house as the suicide attempter). 171 families were included (171 suicide attempters and 171 « family informants »). These subjects were compared to IRDES datas on French population (Institute of Research and Documentation on Health Economy ; sample of 20.000 subjects, representing 95% of the French families). All subjects were reassessed by phone at 3 month and 1 year.Results80% of the relatives declare “being fine” at 1 year; the 20% that declare being “not so well” are important to qualify, the sooner after the suicide attempt. An explicative model trying to evaluate the risk of being “not so well” at 1 year is possible ; this model is highly represented by the psychotraumatic impact of the confrontation with the suicide attempt.On the economic plan, we can observe a great stability in healthcare contacts at 1 year (hospitalizations, GP or Specialists contacts, other kind of care contact…), contrasting with a big increase in medication use (× 2.37 in comparison with IRDES population); all the medication types being concerned, psychotropic and others.The question of a self-medication partly unconscious is raised.
1259 – Communication Style In Families Of Adolescents Suffering From Computer Addiction
Authors: Malygin V. , Smirnova E. , Antonenko A. , Merkurieva Y. 
Published: July 2013

This study is the first in a series of works devoted to the studying miscellaneous edges of the problem of Internet addiction. The study was attended by 27 young people aged 13 to 16 years (17 boys and 10 girls) and 8 mothers. The criterion for selection of testees was computer addiction.Were identified following features of communication in families of the addicts:100% of surveyed teens show disharmonious view of their family92% of teenagers note features of disharmony in contact with their motherIn 87% of families there are differences in the perception of the family by the adolescent and his or her mother;In 75% of families desire of emotional closeness does not lead to its emergence;25% of observed families show symbiotic relationship between children and parents.In 87% of families there is a lack of requirements, prohibitions and penalties.62% of mothers are not able to work with their children in collaboration and cooperation38% are able to work in pairs, but get tired quite fast and begin to suppress the child90% of girls feel the emotional distance with their fathersFathers are deprived of the traditional male role26% of mothers suffer distrust of menIt was proved that mothers of adolescents, prone to Internet addiction, can be divided into two groups by the type of family education: Following the parenting style with features of 1)hypoprotection (75%) and 2)hyperprotection (25%).
1269 – Reduced Fractional Anisotropy In The Uncinate Fasciculus In Patients With Major Depression Carrying The Met-allele Of The Val66met Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype
Authors: Carballedo A. , Amico F. , Ugwu I. , Fagan A. , Fahey C. , Morris D. , Meaney J. , Leemans A. , Frodl T. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveExperimental studies support a neurotrophic hypothesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Val66Met brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) polymorphism on the white matter fibre tracts connecting hippocampus and amygdala with the prefrontal lobe in a sample of patients with MDD and healthy controls.MethodsThirty seven patients with MDD and 42 healthy volunteers were recruited. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data with 61 diffusion directions were obtained with MRI 3 Tesla scanner. Deterministic tractography was applied with ExploreDTI and Val66Met BDNF SNP (rs6265) was genotyped. Fibre tracts connecting the hippocampus and amygdala with the prefrontal lobe, namely uncinate fasciculus, fornix and cingulum were analysed.ResultsA significant interaction was found in the uncinate fasciculus (UF) between BDNF alleles and diagnosis. Patients carrying the BDNF met-allele had smaller fractional anisotropy (FA) in the UF compared to those patients homozygous for valallele and compared to healthy subjects carrying the met-allele. A significant 3-way interaction was detected between region of the cingulum (dorsal, rostral and parahippocampal regions), brain hemisphere and BDNF genotype. Larger FA was detectable in the left rostral cingulum for met-allele carriers when compared to val/val alelle carriers.ConclusionsWe provide evidence for the importance of the neurotrophic involvement in limbic and prefrontal connections. The met-allele of the BDNF polymorphism seems to render subjects more vulnerable for dysfunctions associated with the UF, a tract known to be related to negative emotional-cognitive processing bias, declarative memory problems, and autonoetic self awareness.