bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased Circulating Klotho Levels in Patients Undergoing Dialysis and Relationship to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Authors: Oh Hyung Jung , Nam Bo Young , Lee Mi Jung , Kim Chan Ho , Koo Hyang Mo , Doh Fa Mee , Han Jae Hyun , Kim Eun Jin , Han Ji Suk , Park Jung Tak , Yoo Tae-Hyun , Kang Shin-Wook , Han Dae-Suk , Han Seung Hyeok 
Published: February 2014

Introduction It has been reported that klotho deficiency is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in experimental kidney disease models. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are particularly characterized by increased oxidative stress and inflammation. However, little is known about the relationship between these features and klotho in patients with ESRD. Methods We conducted a single-center, cross-sectional study of 78 patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Serum concentrations of klotho, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and 8-isoprostane were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To define factors independently associated with klotho, we determined Spearman's correlation coefficients for between co-variates and conducted multiple linear regression analyses. Results Patients were classified by median concentration of klotho. In patients with klotho levels > 329.6 pg/mL, serum 8-isoprostane and IL-6 levels were significantly higher than in those with klotho levels < 329.6 pg/mL. In correlation analyses, log 8-isoprostane (γ = -0.310, p = 0.006) and log IL-6 (γ = -0.343, p = 0.002) were inversely correlated with log klotho. After adjustment for age, gender, mean arterial pressure, log intact parathyroid hormone, and log IL-6, log 8-isoprostane was independently associated with log klotho (β = -0.158, p = 0.040). However, the significant relationship between klotho and IL-6 was not seen in an adjusted model. Conclusions This study showed that circulating klotho levels were significantly associated with 8-isoprostane levels in patients undergoing PD, suggesting a potential link between klotho deficiency and enhanced oxidative stress in ESRD patients.
Is the Madrid Sonographic Enthesitis Index Useful for Differentiating Psoriatic Arthritis from Psoriasis Alone and Healthy Controls?
Authors: Eder Lihi , Jayakar Jai , Thavaneswaran Arane , Haddad Amir , Chandran Vinod , Salonen David , Rosen Cheryl F. , Gladman Dafna D. 
Published: February 2014

Objective.To assess the usefulness of the MAdrid Sonographic Enthesitis Index (MASEI) in classifying patients as having psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and comparing entheseal abnormalities between patients with PsA, psoriasis alone (PsC), and healthy controls (HC).Methods.Patients with PsC were assessed to exclude inflammatory arthritis. The MASEI scoring system was used to quantify the extent of ultrasonographic (US) entheseal abnormalities. The total MASEI score was categorized into items that reflected inflammatory abnormalities (MASEI-inflammatory) and chronic damage (MASEI-damage). Nonparametric tests were used to compare MASEI scores across the groups. A cutoff point of MASEI ≥ 20 was used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of the MASEI to classify patients as having PsA.Results.Patients with PsA (n = 50), PsC (n = 66), and HC (n = 60) were assessed. Total MASEI scores were higher in patients with PsA than in those with PsC, and both those groups were higher than HC (p < 0.0001). MASEI-inflammatory showed a similar trend (p < 0.0001). MASEI-damage was higher in patients with PsA compared to both patients with PsC and HC (p < 0.0001); however, no difference was observed between patients with PsC and HC. No significant difference in MASEI scores was found across the 3 groups in patients with a body mass index > 30. The sensitivity of the MASEI score to correctly classify patients as having PsA was 30% and the specificity was 95% when compared to HC and 89% when compared to PsC.Conclusion.The severity of US entheseal abnormalities is highest in patients with PsA followed by PsC and is lowest in healthy controls. MASEI can specifically classify patients as having PsA.
Prescribed dose versus calculated dose of spinal cord in standard head and neck irradiation assessed by 3-D plan
Authors: Majumder Dipanjan , Patra Niladri Bihari , Chatterjee Debashis , Mallick Swapan Kumar , Patra Niladri Bihari , Kabasi Apurba Kumar , Majumder Anjali 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Background and Purpose: Spinal cord toxicity can be dreaded complication while treating head and neck cancer by conventional radiotherapy. Cord sparing approach is applied by two phase planning in conventional head neck radiotherapy. In spite of cord sparing approach spinal cord still receives considerable scatter dose. Our study aims to do the volumetric analysis of spinal cord dosimetry and to correlate with the clinical findings. Materials and Methods: Treatment planning was done in two phases. First phase treatment fi elds include gross disease- both tumor and involved nodes. in the second phase, treatment field shrinkage was done to cover the gross disease sparing the spinal cord. These fields are termed as off-cord fields. 42 patients with histological proven squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region were analysed with two groups. In Group A, 46 Gy was given in 23 fractions, and then tumor-boost with off-cord fi eld received 24 Gy in 12 fractions. In Group B 50 Gy was prescribed in 25 fractions initially, then off-cord fi eld given 20 Gy in 10 fractions to analyze theoutcome. Planning Computed tomography (CT) scan was done Philips Brilliance 16 slice CT scan machine, and contouring and dose calculation were done at ASHA treatment planning software. Results: Maximum dose and dose at 1 cm3, 2 cm3, and 5 cm3 were calculated. Maximum dose to cord was 52.6 Gy (range 48.1-49.7 Gy) in Group A and 54.3 Gy (range 51.48-52.33 Gy) in Group B initially. Off-cord fi elds received mean dose 8.07 Gy (85.85% of maximum) in Group A and 5.47 Gy (86.84% of maximum) in Group B. At the end of 6 months from the last date of radiotherapy, grade 1 spinal cord toxicity found in two patients in Group A and one patient in Group B respectively (P = 0.55). Both groups received additional dose, which are higher than the prescribed dose, but no patients show significant spinal cord toxicity after 6 month of follow-up. Conclusion: Spinal cord received scatter dose which much higher than the predicted dose in conventional radiotherapy of head neck cancer. Short term follow up failed to establish clinical correlation with volumetric dose of spinal cord. Two phase cord sparing head neck radiation planning if practiced should be used with caution.
p53 and bcl2 expression in malignant and premalignant lesions of uterine cervix and their correlation with human papilloma virus 16 and 18
Authors: Shukla Shailaja , Dass Jasmita , Pujani Mukta 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Background and Objective: Persistent high risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is probably the best predictor of increased risk of cervical cancer, but expression of certain markers of cell proliferation and apoptosis have been studied. The present study was conducted to evaluate the expression of p53 and bcl2 in premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix and its correlation with HPV type 16 and 18. Materials and Methods: The study comprised of 35 cases (including 24 prospective cases and 11 retrospective cases) of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. Slides were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and p53, bcl2 (immunohistochemistry), HPV 16 and HPV 18 (in situ hybridization). Results: p53 positivity was seen in 8/19 (42.1%) cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 8/16 (50%) cases of carcinoma cervix, the difference not significant statistically. The difference in bcl2 expression in CIN versus carcinoma cervix (84.21% vs. 43.75%) was statistically significant (P = 0.030). There was no significant difference between p53 and bcl2 expression and the stage and grade of the tumors. Seven out of 19 cases of CIN (36.84%) were positive for HPV 16/18 infection and 8/16 cases (50%) of carcinoma cervix were HPV positive (P = 0.628). Conclusions : No significant association was found between HPV 16/18 infection and p53 and bcl2 expression in premalignant and malignant lesions of uterine cervix. Although, bcl2 staining showed a significant difference between CIN and carcinoma cervix, a larger case series is required to assess the association between HPV infection and overexpression of p53 and bcl2 proteins in these lesions.
Current Trends in Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound Continuing Medical Education
Authors: Zalud Ivica , Wong Shelby , Aeby Tod C 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Continuing medical education (CME), by definition, should contribute to the professional growth and development of the participating healthcare providers. The purpose of this review is to put CME in a historical perspective and discuss its role in contemporary ultrasound practice in the USA. Ultrasound is continuously enhancing and improving the practice of obstetrics and gynecology. As ultrasound technology becomes more sophisticated, medical training must evolve and CME should play an important role in keeping the practitioner current. The medical educators’ responsibility is to ensure that new technology is used properly to improve and maintain the health of patients. Applying contemporary educational techniques and adhering to established adult-learning principles will lead to effective and efficient learning environments, thus contributing to improved patient care.

How to cite this article
Aeby TC, Wong S, Zalud I. Current Trends in Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound Continuing Medical Education. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(1):60-64.
Development of a Competency-based Training in Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound for Undergraduate and Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Ho Hoi , Sarmiento Jorge , Baatar Dolgor , Peinado Jesus 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Advances in technology have made ultrasonography a rapidly evolving concept in the practice of medicine and a valuable component of the competency-based education. American Medical Association (AMA) recently affirms that ‘ultrasound imaging is a safe, effective and efficient tool when utilized by, or under the direction of appropriately trained physicians.’ AMA also supports the educational efforts and widespread integration of ultrasound throughout the continuum of medical education.
Training in ultrasonography is rapidly expanding to numerous residency programs of graduate medical education but discrepancies in ultrasound curriculum and criteria for proficiency exist among programs within the same discipline, despite clearly defined objectives recommended by the governing bodies. There is a trend to integrate ultrasonography into the curriculum of undergraduate medical education. However, funding, availability of ultrasound-trained faculty and student time are barriers to the implementation. Ultrasonography is a natural fit for competency-based training and should be introduced early in medical education. We expect that the LCME will soon mandate the integration of ultrasound into the 4-year curriculum.
The imminent question that medical educators ask is not when ultrasound will become a required component of the curriculum but how to effectively integrate the teaching and training of ultrasound into the continuum of medical education.

How to cite this article
Baatar D, Peinado J, Sarmiento J, Ho H. Development of a Competency-based Training in Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound for Undergraduate and Graduate Medical Education. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(1):83-86.
Empowering Your Presentation Skills
Authors: Ho Hoi , Cardwell Michael S , Aranda J Hector , Hernandez Rene 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
As technology continues evolving, ultrasonography has become increasingly the imaging modality of choice in many different clinical settings including hospital, clinic and point of care. Similarly, the expansion of internet has revolutionized the medical curriculum and training of the entire medical education continuum: undergraduate medical education, graduate medical education and continuing medical education. More importantly, technology and internet have transformed the traditional teacher-dependent classroom-based teaching into the learneroriented web-based learning. To empower the presentation, whether classroom-based or web-based, it's essential that faculty members apply principles of adult learning throughout the session. Newer version of PowerPoint (PPT) is powerful and user-friendly. However, faculty members should be familiar with fundamental guidelines for appropriate selection of fonts, character sizes, background colors, charts, graphs, animation and multimedia.
In general, PowerPoint presentations prepared on Windowsbased computers can be run on Mac computers; however, presenters should be aware of compatibility issues across platform such as fonts or multimedia formats. Faculty can also easily turn the PowerPoint presentation into a powerful and interactive teaching tool of ultrasonography for unlimited number of learners by following simple guidelines of using PowerPoint and having minimum resources and technical support for software of voice over presentation, such as Camtasia or Captivate.

How to cite this article
Cardwell MS, Aranda JH, Hernandez R, Ho H. Empowering Your Presentation Skills. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(1):100-104.
Héctor Brioso y Alexandra Chereches, eds., «Callando pasan los ligeros años...»: El Lope de Vega joven y el teatro antes de 1609
Authors: Presotto Marco 
Published: February 2014

Reseña de Héctor Brioso y Alexandra Chereches, eds., «Callando pasan los ligeros años...»: El Lope de Vega joven y el teatro antes de 1609, Liceus (Literatura Española, Papeles de Teatro, 1), Madrid, 2012, 220 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9714-033-1.
Domenico Fiormonte, ed., con la colaboración de B. Ruggeri, Canoni liquidi. Variazione culturale e stabilità testuale dalla Bibbia a Internet
Authors: Lluch-Prats Javier 
Published: February 2014

Reseña de Domenico Fiormonte, ed., con la colaboración de B. Ruggeri, Canoni liquidi. Variazione culturale e stabilità testuale dalla Bibbia a Internet, ScriptaWeb, Nápoles, 2011, 202 pp. ISBN: 978-88-6381-180-3.
Multidecadal global cooling and unprecedented ozone loss following a regional nuclear conflict
Authors: Mills Michael J. , Toon Owen B. , Lee‐Taylor Julia , Robock Alan 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe present the first study of the global impacts of a regional nuclear war with an Earth system model including atmospheric chemistry, ocean dynamics, and interactive sea ice and land components. A limited, regional nuclear war between India and Pakistan in which each side detonates 50 15 kt weapons could produce about 5 Tg of black carbon (BC). This would self‐loft to the stratosphere, where it would spread globally, producing a sudden drop in surface temperatures and intense heating of the stratosphere. Using the Community Earth System Model with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, we calculate an e‐folding time of 8.7 years for stratospheric BC compared to 4–6.5 years for previous studies. Our calculations show that global ozone losses of 20%–50% over populated areas, levels unprecedented in human history, would accompany the coldest average surface temperatures in the last 1000 years. We calculate summer enhancements in UV indices of 30%–80% over midlatitudes, suggesting widespread damage to human health, agriculture, and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Killing frosts would reduce growing seasons by 10–40 days per year for 5 years. Surface temperatures would be reduced for more than 25 years due to thermal inertia and albedo effects in the ocean and expanded sea ice. The combined cooling and enhanced UV would put significant pressures on global food supplies and could trigger a global nuclear famine. Knowledge of the impacts of 100 small nuclear weapons should motivate the elimination of more than 17,000 nuclear weapons that exist today.
Synthesis and Switching the Aromatic Character of Oxatriphyrins(2.1.1)
Authors: Pawlicki Miłosz , Hurej Karolina , Szterenberg Ludmiła , Latos‐Grażyński Lechosław 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTriangularly shaped, contracted porphyrinoids belong to a group of molecules where the geometry significantly modifies the observed electronic properties. The need for a controllable, effective, and widely applicable approach to triphyrins drives extensive research towards macrocyclic materials that act as potential controlling motifs by switching their aromaticity. Two isomeric thiophene‐fused triphyrins(2.1.1) were synthesized by applying an innovative approach. Spectroscopic techniques (NMR, UV/Vis) show that both macrocycles are aromatic and quantitatively convert into anti‐aromatic structures after reduction with a zinc amalgam. The reduced forms were stabilized through boron(III) coordination, thereby allowing the observation of anti‐aromatic 16 π delocalization within a contracted porphyrin.
Inhibition of Heme Uptake in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by its Hemophore (HasAp) Bound to Synthetic Metal Complexes
Authors: Shirataki Chikako , Shoji Osami , Terada Mitsuyoshi , Ozaki Shin‐ichi , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Shiro Yoshitsugu , Watanabe Yoshihito 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe heme acquisition system A protein secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (HasAp) can capture several synthetic metal complexes other than heme. The crystal structures of HasAp harboring synthetic metal complexes revealed only small perturbation of the overall HasAp structure. An inhibitory effect upon heme acquisition by HasAp bearing synthetic metal complexes was examined by monitoring the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. HasAp bound to iron–phthalocyanine inhibits heme acquisition in the presence of heme‐bound HasAp as an iron source.
ChemInform Abstract: On Tetrafluorobromates(III): Crystal Structures of the Dibromate CsBr2F7 and the Monobromate CsBrF4.
Authors: Ivlev Sergey , Woidy Patrick , Sobolev Vasily , Gerin Ivan , Ostvald Roman , Kraus Florian 
Published: February 2014

AbstractCsBrF4 (I) and CsBr2F7 (II) are prepared by the reaction of stoichiometric amounts of CsF and BrF3 (previously published method).
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Dimensional Mercury Pnictide [Hg4Z2]2+ Cationic Frameworks Stabilized by Tetravalent Metal Halide Anions in Supramolecular Complexes: [Hg4Z2][MCl6] (Z: P, As; M: Zr, Hf).
Authors: Li Xiao‐Guo , Jiang Xiao‐Ming , Zhang Ming‐Jian , Liu Bin‐Wen , Fan Yu‐Hang , Guo Guo‐Cong , Huang Jin‐Shun 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe four new compounds (V) and (VIII) crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with Z = 8 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: New Layered‐Type Quaternary Chalcogenides, Tl2PbMQ4 (M: Zr, Hf; Q: S, Se): Structure, Electronic Structure, and Electrical Transport Properties.
Authors: Sankar Cheriyedath Raj , Assoud Abdeljalil , Kleinke Holger 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe new title compounds are synthesized by solid state reaction of the elements (vacuum sealed quartz tubes, 1073 K, 100 h) and characterized by single crystal XRD, UV/VIS/near‐IR spectroscopy, electrical conductivity measurements, and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structural Characterization of an Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Sandwich‐Type Tungstoantimonate [Cu(en)2(H2O)]4 [Cu(en)2(H2O)2] [Cu2Na4 (α‐SbW9O33)2]·6H2O.
Authors: Liu Yingjie , Cao Jing , Wang Yujie , Li Yanzhou , Zhao Junwei , Chen Lijuan , Ma Pengtao , Niu Jingyang 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of Sb2O3, Na2WO4, CuCl2, and en (autoclave, 160 °C, 6 d; 30% yield based on Sb2O3).
ChemInform Abstract: A 3D Keggin‐Based Framework Containing AgI‐Ribbons and Cycles by Using Rigid Tetrazole‐Based Ligand.
Authors: Tian Aixiang , Lin Xiaoling , Sun Na , Ying Jun , Zhang Juwen , Li Na , Wang Xiuli 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe new compound [Ag9(ptz)5] [PMoVI11MoVO40] ·H2O (ptzH: 5‐phenyl‐1H‐tetrazole) is hydrothermally synthesized from a mixture of H3PMo12O40, AgNO3, ptzH, and H2O (autoclave, 170 °C, 3 d, 54% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Ring‐Opening of meso‐Epoxides by Aromatic Amines Catalyzed by a Homochiral Metal—Organic Framework.
Authors: Regati Sridhar , He Yabing , Thimmaiah Muralidhara , Li Peng , Xiang Shengchang , Chen Banglin , Zhao John Cong‐Gui 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA novel chiral metal—organic framework (MOF) is prepared and tested as a catalyst for the enantioselective ring‐opening of meso‐epoxides (I) and (IV) with anilines (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Trifluoromethylthiolation of Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Alazet Sebastien , Zimmer Luc , Billard Thierry 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe use of trifluoromethanesulfenamide as stable and readily accessible reagent allow the direct trifluoromethylthiolation of terminal alkynes with good functional group tolerance.
ChemInform Abstract: Et3B‐Mediated Radical‐Polar Crossover Reaction for Single‐Step Coupling of O, Te‐Acetal, α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones, and Aldehydes/Ketones.
Authors: Kamimura Daigo , Urabe Daisuke , Nagatomo Masanori , Inoue Masayuki 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe mixed O,Te‐acetal (I) derived from 2,4,10‐trioxaadamantane reacts with cyclic α,β‐unsaturated ketones (II) under Et3B/O2‐mediated radical conditions to form the β‐adducts (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Heck Reaction of Aliphatic Olefins and Aryl Halides.
Authors: Qin Liena , Hirao Hajime , Zhou Jianrong 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA regioselective Heck reaction of aliphatic olefins and aryl halides is realized leading to C—C coupling at the internal carbon atom of the olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Fluorination of Diaryliodonium Salts with KF.
Authors: Ichiishi Naoko , Canty Allan J. , Yates Brian F. , Sanford Melanie S. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractUnsymmetrical diaryliodonium tetrafluoroborates having an aryl and a mesityl substituent react with KF in the presence of Cu(II)‐catalysts to give preferentially the corresponding aryl fluorides and only minor amounts of mesityl fluoride.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanoparticle Catalyzed Reaction (NPCR): ZnO‐NP Catalyzed Ugi‐Reaction in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Kumar Atul , Saxena Deepti , Gupta Maneesh Kumar 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe ecofriendly procedures can be regarded as new methods for the preparation of pharmaceutically relevant phenylacetimidamides (IV), phenylacetamides (V) and α‐amino acid derivatives (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Direct Conversion of Methyl Arenes into Aromatic Nitriles.
Authors: Shu Zhibin , Ye Yuxan , Deng Yifan , Zhang Yan , Wang Jianbo 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA new method for the direct synthesis of aromatic nitriles from the corresponding methyl arenes is presented using tert‐butyl nitrite as the nitrogen source and oxidant in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 and N‐hydroxyphthalimide catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Solar Photochemistry: Optimization of the Photo Friedel—Crafts Acylation of Naphthoquinones.
Authors: Mitchell Lorna J. , Lewis William , Moody Christopher J. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe method shows significant improvement compared to the previously reported as it uses a more reliable “sun‐mimicking” light source, less toxic solvent, and proceeds faster.
ChemInform Abstract: exo‐Selective Construction of spiro‐[Butyrolactone‐pyrrolidine] via 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides with α‐Methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone Catalyzed by Cu(I)/DTBM‐BIPHEP.
Authors: Li Qing‐Hua , Liu Tang‐Lin , Wei Liang , Zhou Xiang , Tao Hai‐Yan , Wang Chun‐Jiang 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAn expedient access to almost enantiopure spiro compounds (III) and (V) via an unprecedented Cu‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition is developed.