bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning based enhanced secure emergency video streaming approach by leveraging blockchain technology for Vehicular AdHoc 5G Networks
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Saeed Yousaf , Ali Abid , Jabbar Sohail , Ahmad Awais , Alkhrijah Yazeed , Raza Umar , Saleem Yasir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVANET is a category of MANET that aims to provide wireless communication. It increases the safety of roads and passengers. Millions of people lose their precious lives in accidents yearly, millions are injured, and others incur disability daily. Emergency vehicles need clear roads to reach their destination faster to save lives. Video streaming can be more effective as compared to textual messages and warnings. To address this issue, we proposed a methodology to use visual sensors, cameras, and OBU to record emergency videos. Initially, the frames are detected. After re-recording, the frames detection algorithm detects the specific event from the video frames. Blockchain encrypts an emergency or specific event using hashing algorithms in the second layer of our proposed framework. In the third layer of the proposed methodology, encrypted video is broadcast with the help of 5G wireless technology to the connected nodes in the VANET. The dataset used in this research comprises up to 72 video sequences averaging about 120 seconds per video. All videos have different traffic conditions and vehicles. The ResNet-50 model is used for the feature extraction process of extracted frames. The model is trained using Tensorflow and Keras deep learning models. The Elbow method finds the optimal K number for the K Means model. This data is split into training and testing. 70% is reserved for training the support vector machine (SVM) model and test datasets, while 30%. 98% accuracy is achieved with 98% precision and 99% recall as results for the proposed methodology.
Antibiotic consumption in hospitals in humanitarian settings in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia and South Sudan
Authors: Skender Kristina , Versace Gabriel , Lenglet Annick Danyele , Clezy Kate 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance is of great global public health concern. In order to address the paucity of antibiotic consumption data and antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems in hospitals in humanitarian settings, we estimated antibiotic consumption in six hospitals with the aim of developing recommendations for improvements in antimicrobial stewardship programs.

Methods
Six hospitals supported by Médecins sans Frontières were included in the study: Boost-Afghanistan, Kutupalong-Bangladesh, Baraka and Mweso-Democratic Republic of Congo, Kule-Ethiopia, and Bentiu-South Sudan. Data for 36,984 inpatients and antibiotic consumption data were collected from 2018 to 2020. Antibiotics were categorized per World Health Organization Access Watch Reserve classification. Total antibiotic consumption was measured by Defined Daily Doses (DDDs)/1000 bed-days.

Results
Average antibiotic consumption in all hospitals was 2745 DDDs/1000 bed-days. Boost hospital had the highest antibiotic consumption (4157 DDDs/1000 bed-days) and Bentiu the lowest (1598 DDDs/1000 bed-days). In all hospitals, Access antibiotics were mostly used (69.7%), followed by Watch antibiotics (30.1%). The most consumed antibiotics were amoxicillin (23.5%), amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (14%), and metronidazole (13.2%). Across all projects, mean annual antibiotic consumption reduced by 22.3% during the study period, mainly driven by the reduction in Boost hospital in Afghanistan.

Conclusions
This was the first study to assess antibiotic consumption by DDD metric in hospitals in humanitarian settings. Antibiotic consumption in project hospitals was higher than those reported from non-humanitarian settings. Routine systematic antibiotic consumption monitoring systems should be implemented in hospitals, accompanied by prescribing audits and point-prevalence surveys, to inform about the volume and appropriateness of antibiotic use and to support antimicrobial stewardship efforts in humanitarian settings.
Testing the validity of the Norwegian translation of the modified weight bias internalization scale
Authors: Lussier Tiffany , Tangen Jon Harald Quindao , Eik-Nes Trine Tetlie , Karlsen Håvard R. , Berg Kjersti Hognes , Fiskum Charlotte 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Individuals with higher weight (overweight or obesity) may experience social stigma due to their weight. Weight stigma can be internalized with adverse health effects. Internalized weight stigma is relevant across different weight categories, but no validated weight-neutral measure of internalized weight bias currently exists in Norway. The current study aimed to examine the validity of a Norwegian translation of the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale.

Methods
A Norwegian translation of the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M) was administered in an adult Norwegian sample (N = 315, of which 251 women) ranging from self-reported “very underweight” to “very overweight”.

Results
A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on 11 of the original 11 items in the WBIS-M. Based on previous factor analyses with this scale, we expected a one-factor model. One of the items related to competence showed poor model fit, and concern was raised around possible item ambiguity partway through the study. Two versions of this item were therefore tested, neither of which yielded an acceptable fit. After exclusion of this item, the results showed high loadings for the remaining 10 items on one factor with a high internal consistency (α = 0.94). Convergent validity was approached by looking at the relationship between answers on the WBIS-M, self-perceived weight, and items on overall health and psychological/emotional state.

Conclusion
The 10-item Norwegian version of the WBIS-M shows sound psychometric properties and can be used to measure internalized weight bias in a weight-neutral fashion in a Norwegian-speaking population. Internalized weight bias was correlated with psychological/emotional state and overall health, with those reporting more internalized weight bias also reporting that they felt worse. This relationship was stronger for women than men in our sample and was partially dependent on weight. The women also showed higher internalized weight bias than the men. Future studies should include more male participants and explore alternative versions of the missing item related to competence.
Dalcídio Jurandir:
Authors: Bolsanello de Carvalho Lorenna , Cabral da Silva Márcia 
Published: August 2024

O escritor paraense Dalcídio Jurandir compôs o Ciclo do Extremo Norte, conjunto de romances no qual ficcionalizou vivências amazônicas do início do século XX, promovendo a circulação de saberes e de linguagens frequentemente marginalizadas. Seu ingresso na cena literária nacional ocorreu com a publicação de Chove nos Campos de Cachoeira (1941), possibilitada pela vitória do Concurso de Romances Vecchi-Dom Casmurro em 1940. Este artigo tem como objetivo mapear o papel de mediação cultural promovido por epitextos editoriais (Genette, 2009) que envolveram a divulgação do romance inaugural dalcidiano nas páginas do jornal literário Dom Casmurro, uma vez que a apresentação de Dalcídio Jurandir aos leitores do periódico possibilitou a difusão de elementos constitutivos da identidade cultural amazônica. São analisados três artigos jornalísticos relacionados à divulgação do romance e escritos pelos literatos paraenses Dalcídio Jurandir, Bruno de Menezes e Cléo Bernardo. Do ponto de vista teórico e metodológico, a ênfase recai nos pressupostos da História Cultural (Chartier, 2011; 2014), associados à maneira de conceber as relações entre grupos sociais e a circulação da cultura escrita. Este estudo situa-se, pois, na interseção entre a História da Educação e a História do Livro e da Leitura.
Self-management practice and associated factors among asthmatic patients on follow-up care at public tertiary hospitals, south west, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Yadesa Girma , Abera Abebe , Amme Shamsedin , Fetensa Getahun , Mulisa Diriba , Alemu Getachew 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Bronchial asthma is a major public health issue that affects patients, families, and communities worldwide. Despite the growing importance of self-management and its clear link to better health outcomes, the uptake and use of self-management among asthmatic patients is not well understood. Thus, the study aimed to determine the level of self-management practice and associated factors among asthmatic patients on follow-up care at public tertiary hospitals found in south-west Ethiopia.

Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed from August 1 to September 30, 2022. The study included all asthmatic patients on follow-up care at public tertiary hospitals found in south west Ethiopia, among whom 274 were interviewed. All asthmatic patients who were registered at the chronic follow-up unit of each hospital and fulfilled inclusion criteria were included and interviewed consecutively. The data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire adapted from previous studies, entered into EpiData version 4.6, and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the participant’s characteristics. Linear regression was used to identify variables associated with asthma self-management practice, and variables with a p-value of 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Finally, tables, graphs, and text were used to present the data.

Result
Out of 274 interviewed asthmatic patients, 45.26% 95% CI (39, 51) had good asthma self-management practices. Advancing in age (ß = -0.009, P = 0.043), being a smoker (ß = -0.346, 95%, P = 0.03, being alcohol drinker (ß = -0.217, P = 0.001), having depression (ß = -0.038, P = 0.005), having anxiety (ß = -0.029, P = 0.02) and having social support (ß = 0.022, P<0.001) were identified as factors affecting asthma self-management practice.

Conclusion
The finding revealed that four of every nine asthmatic patients had good asthma self-management practices. Age, alcohol consumption, smoking, anxiety, depression, and social support were significantly associated with asthma self-management practice. Ongoing self-management support and collaborative target interventions aimed at improving asthma self-management practices and identified factors are very crucial.
A qualitative study of health visitors’ family focused practice with mothers with mental illness in Northern Ireland: Perspectives of health visitors, mothers and partners
Authors: Grant Anne , Leonard Rachel , Linden Mark 
Published: August 2024

Background
Despite benefits of family focused practice, little is known about health visitor’s practice with families when mothers are mentally unwell. Health visitors are midwives and nurses with additional training in community public health.

Objectives
To explore multiple perspectives of health visitor’s family focused practice with families when mothers have mental illness in Northern Ireland.

Methods
Ten health visitors, 11 mothers with mental illness and seven partners completed in-depth interviews in Five Health and Social Care Trusts. Participants were asked to describe their experiences of providing or receiving family focused practice within health visiting and data was analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Health visitors primarily addressed mothers and children’s needs rather than also supporting partners. Additionally, they only addressed mother’s needs associated with less severe mental illness (i.e. postnatal depression). Health visitors and mothers converged on many issues, including the influence of the health visitor’s personal and professional experiences on their practice, central role of the relationship between health visitors and mothers and importance of health visitors supporting partner’s well-being. While partners did not perceive that health visitors should support their well-being they expressed a need for further information and knowledge in order to support mothers.

Conclusion
Health visitor’s practice largely centres around mother and baby. For health visitors to increase their family focused practice they need to meet needs of mothers who have serious mental illness more effectively and consider how partners can be included in their practice, in a manner that is beneficial and acceptable to them. This study contributes to better understanding of health visitor’s family focused practice with mentally ill mothers and highlights the need for more effective engagement with mothers with serious mental illness and partners. It also highlights that for health visitors to engage in family focused practice they need the necessary training and time to do so. Results can inform organisational developments in family focused practice within health visiting.
Association between optical coherence tomography-defined culprit morphologies and changes in hyperemic coronary flow after elective stenting assessed by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography
Authors: Usui Eisuke , Hanyu Yoshihiro , Sakamoto Tatsuya , Hoshino Masahiro , Hada Masahiro , Nagamine Tatsuhiro , Nogami Kai , Ueno Hiroki , Setoguchi Mirei , Matsuda Kazuki , Sayama Kodai , Tahara Tomohiro , Mineo Takashi , Kanaji Yoshihisa , Sugiyama Tomoyo , Yonetsu Taishi , Sasano Tetsuo , Kakuta Tsunekazu 
Published: August 2024

Background
Stress-transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (S-TDE) provides a noninvasive assessment of coronary flow parameters in the left anterior descending artery (LAD). However, the association between morphological characteristics and coronary flow changes after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the relationships between periprocedural coronary flow changes observed on S-TDE and lesion-specific plaque characteristics obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the interrogated vessels in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS).

Methods and results
Patients with CCS who underwent pre- and post-PCI S-TDE and elective fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided PCI under OCT guidance for de novo single LAD lesions were included. S-TDE-derived hyperemic diastolic peak flow velocity (hDPV) was used as a surrogate for coronary flow. Lesions were categorized into two groups based on the %hDPV increase or decrease. The baseline clinical, physiological, and OCT findings were compared between the groups. In total, 103 LAD lesions were studied in 103 patients. After PCI, hDPV significantly increased from 55.6 cm/s to 69.5 cm/s (P<0.01), with a median %hDPV increase of 27.2 (6.32–59.1) %, while %hDPV decreased in 20 (19.4%) patients. The FFR improved in all patients. On OCT, layered plaques were more frequently present in the culprit vessels in the %hDPV-decrease group than in the %hDPV-increase group (85.0% vs. 50.6%, P = 0.01). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of layered plaques and high pre-PCI hDPV were independent predictors of %hDPV decrease.

Conclusions
In patients who underwent successful uncomplicated elective PCI for de novo single LAD lesions, the presence of layered plaques was independently associated with hyperemic coronary flow decrease as assessed by S-TDE.
The impact of adhering to a quality indicator for sedation, analgesia, and delirium management on costs, revenues, and clinical outcomes in intensive care in Germany: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Zuber Alexander , Rubarth Kerstin , Förster Frank , Balzer Felix , Spies Claudia , Fürstenau Daniel , Kumpf Oliver 
Published: August 2024

Background
Management of sedation, analgesia, and delirium influences morbidity, mortality, and quality of life in patients treated in intensive care. Assessing quality indicators as part of a quality management and assurance program is an established method to ensure process quality. Currently, there is limited research on the effect of evaluating quality indicators on economic outcomes. The aim of the study was to investigate the adherence to an indicator on management of sedation, analgesia and delirium, and explore potential effects on hospital economics and clinical outcomes.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed routine data from 20,220 patient records from the hospital information system of a tertiary university hospital, collected from January 2012 to December 2019. We compared two predefined subgroups with either high indicator adherence or low indicator adherence regarding factors like disease severity scores, comorbidities, and outcome measures. We used logistic regression models to examine the influence of quality indicator adherence on economic measures such as Diagnosis-related group (DRG) incomes, revenue margins, and costs, and clinical outcomes. Additionally, we used propensity score matching to probe our findings.

Results
Overall revenue margins in this cohort were negative (-320€). High adherence to the quality indicator was associated with a positive revenue margin (+197€) compared to low adherence (-482€). Higher adherence was also associated with lower costs. Additionally, high adherence was associated with reduced mortality (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.75–0.95) and reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and hospital stay (17 hours and 1 day respectively).

Conclusion
Higher adherence to a quality indicator for sedation, analgesia, and delirium management was associated with economic returns and costs. We also found an association with lower mortality and reduced length of stay. Further research on these associations may help identify opportunities for quality improvement without increased resource use.
Factors associated with willingness to use mHealth interventions for medication adherence among people living with HIV attending a tertiary hospital in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ojo John Olujide , Ipinnimo Tope Michael , Afolayan Aderonke Christiana , Adewoye Kayode Rasaq , Erinomo Olagoke Olaseinde , Ajayi Paul Oladapo , Sanni Taofeek Adedayo , Ogundun Oluyemi Aduke , Ogunsakin Jimlas Opeyemi , Oluwayemi Ayodeji Lawrence , Esan Grace Bukola , Omoyele Oluwaseun Omotola , Asake Olumide Temitope , Adetona Ademuyiwa , Aderinwale Oluseyi Adedeji , Olasehinde Olanrewaju Kassim , Adeniyi Ireoluwa Oluwatomisona , Ipinnimo Oluwadare Martins , Ibikunle Austine Idowu 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
There is increasing evidence in favor of enhancing adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) through mobile health (mHealth) assessment and intervention. The study aims to establish the willingness to adopt mobile phone technology to enhance adherence to ART among PLHIV.

Methods
The Researchers adopted a cross-sectional survey. Systematic sampling was employed in selecting 237 PLHIV in the HIV clinic for adults at Ido-Ekiti’s Federal Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Data collection was via a 33-item semi-structured questionnaire administered by the interviewer. Information collected via the questionnaire included details on ownership of mobile phone technology, its usage, and willingness to use it to improve adherence to HIV medication. Descriptive statistics coupled with multivariate regression was employed in analyzing data, with the level of significance at 5%.

Results
The respondent’s had a mean ±SD age of 46.6 ±10 years. Most of the participants were female (77.6%), and have been on ART for over 2years (88.2%). The vast majority of study participants 233 (98.3%) owned a mobile phone. 168 (70.9%) of them were willing to embrace mHealth interventions on medication adherence. Some of the factors influencing the respondent’s willingness to receive the intervention were older age (OR = 0.05, 95%Cl:[0.01–0.24]), having formal education (OR = 7.12, 95%Cl:[3.01–16.53]), being diagnosed over 10years ago (OR = 15.63, 95%Cl:[3.02–80.83]) and previous use of phone to send text messages, record video, access the internet, send email and search the internet for health-related information (OR = 2.2, 95%Cl:[1.2–3.9]; OR = 1.8, 95%Cl:[1.0–3.2]; OR = 2.5, 95%Cl:[1.4–4.7]; OR = 2.7, 95%Cl:[1.2–5.5] and OR = 2.0, 95%Cl:[1.0–3.8]) respectively.

Conclusion
Many of the PLHIV had a cellphone and expressed willingness on their part to use it in receiving reminders to take their medication. Older age, formal education and internet users were significantly more willing to get reminders to take their medication.
Tumor markers determination in malignant pleural effusion: pearls and pitfalls
Authors: Zheng Wen-Qi , Porcel José M. , Hu Zhi-De 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Serum and pleural fluid tumor markers are well-recognized auxiliary diagnostic tools for malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Here, we discuss some pearls and pitfalls regarding the role of tumor markers in MPE management. The following issues are discussed in this article: What is the appropriate clinical scenario for evaluating pleural tumor markers? Which tumor markers should be advocated for diagnosing MPE? Can extremely high levels of tumor markers be employed to establish a diagnosis of MPE? Does the serum-to-pleural fluid ratio of a tumor marker have the same diagnostic efficacy as the measurement of that marker alone in the pleural fluid? Can tumor markers be used to estimate the risk of specific cancers? What should be considered when interpreting the diagnostic accuracy of tumor markers? How should tumor marker studies be performed? We addressed these issues with published works, particularly systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Impact of carbonization reactor compartment size on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell biochar properties
Authors: Ayanwusi Oluwatoyin Rhoda , Abdulkareem Sulyman A. , Emmanuel Stephen Sunday , Iwuozor Kingsley O. , Emenike Ebuka Chizitere , Oyewo Opeyemi A. , Adeniyi Adewale George 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of low-temperature top-lit updraft reactor chamber size on GNSBC yield and properties. For this study, the volumes of carbonization chamber (2,364, 2,013, 1,468, and 970 cm3) in a biomass-fueled TLUD biomass gasifier were varied, and the resulting biochar was analyzed using SEM, EDX, and FTIR. The novelty of this work lies in its investigation of the unexplored impact of carbonization reactor compartment size on groundnut shell biochar properties and yield, driven by the need to optimize biochar production efficiency and support sustainable waste management practices. The results showed that carbonization chamber size variation significantly affected GNSBC yield, with an initial increase followed by diminishing returns. An increase in the carbonization compartment size led to decreased carbonization duration, increased carbonization temperature, increased porosity, and decreased oxygen content. SEM analysis revealed consistent amorphous and multi-layered morphological features across BC samples, while EDX analysis confirmed high carbon content in the samples. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of oxygenated functional groups suitable for pollutant adsorption, supporting GNSBC’s role in environmental remediation and industrial processes. This research contributes to optimizing biochar production efficiency, advancing circular economy goals, and sustainable waste management practices.