bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews
Authors: Insch Dr Andrea , Lundgren Lars , Manfredi Juan Luis 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Branding the Nation – The Global Business of National Identity, Melissa Aronczyk (2013) New York: Oxford University Press, 256 pp. IBSN 978-0-19-975216-4 (hbk) IBSN 978-0-19-975217-1 (pbk), £16.99
Europe – On Air, Suzanne Lommers (2012) Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press, 326 pp. ISBN: 9789089644350 (pbk), €39,95
Franco sells Spain to America: Hollywood, tourism and public relations as postwar Spanish soft power, Neal M. Rosendorf (2014) Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 304 pp. ISBN-10: 1137299282 ISBN-13: 978-1137299284 (hbk), €74,93
Twitter data: What do they represent?
Authors: Bruns Axel , Stieglitz Stefan 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Scholarly research into the uses of social media has become a major area of
growth in recent years, as the adoption of social media for public
communication itself has continued apace. While social media platforms
provide ready avenues for data access through their Application Programming
interfaces, it is increasingly important to think through exactly what these
data represent, and what conclusions about the role of social media in
society the research which is based on such data therefore enables. This
article explores these issues especially for one of the currently leading
social media platforms: Twitter.
Measurement of Thermal Conductivity Function of Unsaturated Soil Using a Transient Water Release and Imbibition Method
Authors: Dong Yi , Lu Ning , Wayllace Alexandra , Smits Kathleen 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThermal conductivity of unsaturated soil depends on soil water content and soil type. A transient water release and imbibition method (TRIM) is modified to include measurement of the thermal conductivity function (TCF) in conjunction with concurrent measurement of the soil water retention curve (SWRC) and hydraulic conductivity function (HCF). Two pairs of dielectric and thermal needle sensors are embedded in the soil specimen to monitor spatial and temporal variation of water content, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity during drying and wetting processes. Three different soils, including pure sand, silt, and clayey sand are used to examine the effectiveness and validity of the new technique. The thermal conductivity data from the modified TRIM technique accords well with other independent measurements. The results show that the modified TRIM technique provides a fast and accurate way of obtaining thermal properties of different types of soils under both drying and wetting states. The typical testing time for a soil going through a full saturation variation is less than 3 weeks. We observe that the hysteresis in thermal conductivity during a wetting and drying cycle is much less pronounced than that of the hydraulic hysteresis.
“Reference QuenchProbe”—An Alternative Probe Design for In-Situ Estimation of Cooling Rates, Heat Flux, and Hardenability During Immersion Quenching of Hardenable Steels
Authors: Prasanna Kumar T. S. , Hernandez-Morales B. , Totten G. E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis article reviews some of the limitations of the standard cooling curve analysis and the Jominy hardenability test in extending the results to actual quenching in industrial setups and reports the development of a new portable tool—Reference QuenchProbe—for estimating cooling rates, hardness, and microstructure distributions in hardenable steel grades during immersion quenching, which can be used by the heat treater in the plant. The specimen is made of the same grade of steel as the quenched component with section thickness matching that of the component, which is a departure from standard laboratory tests. The test is carried out in the plant under actual conditions dispensing the need to correlate the standard cooling curve data and end quench hardenability tests done in the laboratory to industrial practice. To test the suite of mathematical models associated with the Reference QuenchProbe hardware and software, specimens of different grades of steels were instrumented with a single thermocouple near the surface of the specimen. Using the cooling data at the point of measurement, the cooling rates, microstructure, and hardness at other critical locations were computed. An enthalpy-based non-linear inverse heat conduction model was coupled with austenite decomposition models for handling the latent heat liberated during quenching. Several steels ranging from low carbon to medium alloy steels were both end-quenched by water and immersion quenched in several industrial quenchants. The computed hardness of end quenched and immersion quenched specimens were shown to be in good agreement with the measured values. The Reference QuenchProbe is thus shown to generate data needed for heat treatment process design including quenchant selection, which can be directly used in practice.
Bearing Steel Technologies: 10th Volume, Advances in Steel Technologies for Rolling Bearings
Authors: Beswick John M. 
Published: September 2014

Description
You’ll gain unique insights on rolling bearing steel technologies with this collection of 31 papers from symposium presentations. This publication introduces revised ideas on bearing steel steelmaking and industries micro cleanliness specification requirements, rating methods and limits for re-melt bearing steels.
The papers in this book, from the 10th ASTM International Symposium on Bearing Steel Technologies held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, May 6-8, 2014 are a result of presentations under these section headings:
&#150 Advances in Bearing Steel Steelmaking and Processing&#150 Steel Cleanliness Knowledge and Relationships with Rolling Bearing Functional Properties&#150 New Bearing Steels for Improved Functional Properties&#150 Softening and Hardening Heat Treatment Physical Metallurgy&#150 Rolling Bearing Metallurgy for Wind Energy Applications&#150 Developments in Fatigue and Rolling Contact Fatigue Testing
This resource adds to the legacy of ASTM International’s support to the bearing steel industry, the latest Special Technical Publication in a long line of predecessors, between 1974 and 2013. Click the gray “Other Books in this Series” button above for a complete list.
MicroRNA mimicry blocks pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Montgomery Rusty L , Yu Guoying , Latimer Paul A , Stack Christianna , Robinson Kathryn , Dalby Christina M , Kaminski Naftali , van Rooij Eva 
Published: September 2014

AbstractOver the last decade, great enthusiasm has evolved for microRNA (miRNA) therapeutics. Part of the excitement stems from the fact that a miRNA often regulates numerous related mRNAs. As such, modulation of a single miRNA allows for parallel regulation of multiple genes involved in a particular disease. While many studies have shown therapeutic efficacy using miRNA inhibitors, efforts to restore or increase the function of a miRNA have been lagging behind. The miR‐29 family has gained a lot of attention for its clear function in tissue fibrosis. This fibroblast‐enriched miRNA family is downregulated in fibrotic diseases which induces a coordinate increase of many extracellular matrix genes. Here, we show that intravenous injection of synthetic RNA duplexes can increase miR‐29 levels in vivo for several days. Moreover, therapeutic delivery of these miR‐29 mimics during bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis restores endogenous miR‐29 function whereby decreasing collagen expression and blocking and reversing pulmonary fibrosis. Our data support the feasibility of using miRNA mimics to therapeutically increase miRNAs and indicate miR‐29 to be a potent therapeutic miRNA for treating pulmonary fibrosis.
Władza Biskupa Rzymu. Ujęcie historyczno-prawne
Authors: Erdő Péter 
Published: September 2014

The Pope’s primacy is one of the most important issues of the Catholic theology and canon law. It is the foundation of the hierarchical structure of the Church. The author of the paper presents the complexity of the problem in the light of the two codes of the Church: CIC 1983 and CCEC 1988, and other normative sources.
Rola Kościoła partykularnego w procedurze mianowania biskupów przez papieża
Authors: Migliore Celestino 
Published: September 2014

The nominations for bishops are very important for the Church. They are considered as very ticklish and requiring delicacy. The article aims to show the role of the particular Church in the procedure. The past and today practices are presented, as well as legal foundation of the process.
Prymat papieski a zakres autonomii zebrań biskupów
Authors: Nitkiewicz Krzysztof 
Published: September 2014

The aim of the paper is to present all sorts of groups of bishops and levels of their autonomy in confrontation with primacy of the Pope. The conclusion is that the supreme, full, immediate and universal ordinary power of the Pope in the Church is not limited, but rather strengthened by the power of the bishops gathered together.
Małżeństwo i rozwód w Kościele prawosławnym – aspekt prawno-kanoniczny
Authors: Zaborowski Marek 
Published: September 2014

The study above shows briefly legal issues related to marriage in the Orthodox Church. It takes notes of fundamental differences regarding a sacramental marriage in the Latin and Orthodox Churches. The study is divided into two chapters separated into particular points.The first chapter discusses legal conditions to marry, i.e. marriage formalities and main obstacles. The second one approaches us to a divorce issue in the Orthodox church: its form and circumstances. The analysis of the issues mentioned above is to show differences and similarities between marriage-related legislation in both Christian Churches.
Nierozerwalność małżeństwa w luterańskim porządku prawnym ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem prawodawstwa Kościoła Ewangelicko-Augsburskiego w Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej
Authors: Fober Beata 
Published: September 2014

Indissolubility of Marriage is the most important characteristic of marriage. The article presents the Lutheran point of view on the issue citing the theologians’ and lawyers’ works. The aim of the paper is to look closer at the fact that the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland tolerates divorces and to help to understand the position from the catholic point of view.
Troska kard. Karola Wojtyły o wolność nauki
Authors: Dyduch Jan 
Published: September 2014

Karol Wojtyła as archbishop of Kraków defended freedom of Catholic scientific research demanding from civil communist authorities in Poland autonomy for Catholic and church universities and high schools.It was his initiative to establish the Commission for Catholic Science and the Academic Council at Episcopal Conference in Poland. The main aim of the bodies was to protect independence of Catholic scientific research. Wojtyła as John Paul II, as the Shepard of the Universal Church, took care of the freedom of science in general.
Potestas sacra według Klausa Mörsdorfa – założenia teologiczne, struktura, sposób przekazywania i charakter
Authors: Skonieczny Piotr 
Published: September 2014

This article is a short presentation of the theory of the ecclesial power (called Kirchengewalt in German) as found in the Second Vatican Council according to Klaus Mörsdorf, i.e. its theological principles, structure, mode of transmission and nature. The description of the potestas sacra is an opportunity for the Author to reread the concept of the „sacred power” in the Second Vatican Council. The Author himself agrees with Mörsdorf ’s views, even if not all the positions of the Munich Professor were applied in the present canon law.
Rezygnacja papieża z urzędu
Authors: Majer Piotr 
Published: September 2014

Resignation of the Pope Benedict XVI announced on 11ht Feb. 2013 was for many a huge astonishment, because in the history of the Church one can find not so many decisions like this one, and from the last one passed more than 600 years. For canonists the act is a novelty only de facto but not de iure, because the article about resignation of the pope from his office has existed in the canonical legal order since 1299. The paper includes the interpretation of can. 332 § 2 of the Code of Canon Law 1983 that regulates resignation of the Roman Pontiff from His Office. There are presented and analyzed historical circumstances of such norm, causes of such step, conditions required for validity of resignation (freedom of decision and proper announcement), constitutive character of such resignation and its irrevocability and the status of pope-emeritus in the Church.
Teologiczne podstawy reguł sensu czynności konwencjonalnych i norm kompetencyjnych w prawie kanonicznym i ich konsekwencje dla decyzji prawodawczych
Authors: Kroczek Piotr 
Published: September 2014

The paper presents the meeting of theology and jurisprudence in the work of church legislator. The conventional acts and norms of competency presented in canon law, such as reception of orders, celebration of marriage, imparting blessings, giving dispensation, giving absolution, pardoning an adulterous partner, giving judgment, being a qualified witness for marriage are reasonable because of the rules of sense giving them a sense. In canon law, the rules in question do not depend on the will of legislator only but they are built on the theological reasoning. The conclusion is that the church legislator, in drafting law, must take into consideration the theological factors. This limits his freedom in making legislative decisions. For instance, he cannot admit in the rules of sense a competence for the conventional acts to those who are not able to carry out the act according to theological rules. The article ends with postulate to the church legislator to take care of theological correctness of law drafted by him.
Choroba celiakii w odniesieniu do sakramentu święceń
Authors: Adamczyk Jerzy 
Published: September 2014

People who suffer from coeliac disease cannot receive Holy Communion under the species of bread.The article starts with explaining the characteristics and phenomenon of coeliac disease. Then it discusses the possibility of receiving Holy Communion by people with the condition. Finally, it raises the question of admitting persons with coeliac disease to the sacrament of Holy Orders.
Intencja przyjęcia chrztu u dorosłego
Authors: Jakubiak Tomasz 
Published: September 2014

As far as the reception of baptism is concerned, everyone who has attained the use of reason has the rights and responsibilities of an adult. Those who are not of sound mind, or incapable of personal responsibility, are considered to be infants. An adult cannot be validly baptized without wanting to be baptized. A person who attained the use of reason and subsequently lost it, must have made while rational the intention of being baptized in order to receive validly the sacrament. This manifestation of will constitutes a requirement ad validitatem of celebration of baptism.Most of all canonists maintained that a habitual intention is sufficient: that is, intention once given is withdrawn, and current or virtual intention is, therefore, unnecessary. Some of them added that it is also sufficient for the intention to be implicit, e.g. contained in the explicit intention of doing whatever God or Jesus wants.
Zasady zawierania umowy dzierżawy w Kodeksie prawa kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Kaleta Paweł 
Published: September 2014

Leasing is one way of managing wasteland belonging to the ecclesiastical juridical person. The equivalent of this contract is the payment of rent to lessor. Cannon Law uses regulations connecting with alienation (cc. 1291–1294) to protect the ecclesiastical goods belonging to the juridical person, from the risk of a worse economic condition. The Polish Bishops’ Conference has not developed appropriate standards in connection with cc. 1297, therefore the statutory ecclesiastical right of the juridical person should be retained, in the event of their absence, the particular law established by the diocesan bishop allows for those subordinate to the Church, the power of corporation.The validity of the lease agreement should include: To observe the civil law in the given country, to obtain the written consent of the relevant authority prior to procedures, in event of alienated goods being divisible, the request for permission for alienation must mention goods previously alienated. The fairness of legal actions includes: to identify a legitimate cause, the valuation of goods alienated, to identify the tenant and his relationship with the administrator of church property and undertake other precautions such as the duration or withdrawal from the lease.
Ograniczenie prawa wiernego do Eucharystii – kan. 915 Kodeksu prawa kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Zaborowski Marek 
Published: September 2014

The issue of admitting catholic believers to Holy Communion has always been a difficult one in the history. The position of the Church as expressed in Canon 915 of Code of Canon Law 1983 seems strict, but justified with its invariable teachings. The Catholics who have been excommunicated or interdicted after the imposition or declaration of the penalty and others obstinately persevering in manifest grave sin should always be aware of the fact, that it is not the Church that restricts them in their entitlements, but it is them that deprive themselves of that right. This is not a new teaching or tightening of ecclesiastical discipline. This is a continuation of Jesus’s teaching.
Miłosierdzie jako synonim zbawienia w Koranie. Refleksje lingwistyczno-teologiczne
Authors: Micherdziński Marek 
Published: September 2014

There is the idea of divine mercy in Quran. It is expressed by the words of Arabic vocabulary derivated from the triliteral verbal root رحم rḥm. The fundamental means of expressing the mystery of divine mercy is the ritual formula it`s name Basmalah بسْمِ لِله ا ﺮﻟَّحْﻤَانِِ ا ﺮﻟَّحِﻴمِ bi-smi l-Lāhi r-Raḥmāni r-raḥími – „In the Name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful”. ʼAr-Raḥmānu ( أ ﺮﻟَّحْﻤٰﻦُ ) and ʼAr-Raḥímu ( ا ﺮﻟَّحِﻴمِ ) are two names derived from ʼAr-Raḥmatu ( رَحْﻤَﺔ ) – „the mercy”, but more meanings that pertain to mercy than ʼAr-Raḥímu. This formula means the belonging to a community of Islam believers. Another formula is إنَّ لُله غَ ﻮﻔرٌ رَحِﻴمٌ ʼinna l-Lāhu ġafūrun raḥīmun – „Verily, Allāh his Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful!” (S. V, 34. 39; IX, 9. 99. 102; XLIX, 14; LXXIII, 28) and its modifications. It`s used to confirm the credibility of the truths of faith and the moral norms divinely revealed. The divine revelation in Quran and its realisation in earthly life is signified with the followings pairs of derivatives of root رحم rḥm: هُﺪَﻯ ﻭرَحْﻤَﺔ )ﻭ ) (wa)-hudà wa-raḥmatun – „(and) a guidance and a mercy” (S. VI, 157; VII, 52; XVI, 64; XXVII, 76–77; XXXI, 2– إﻣَاﻡٌ ﻭرَحْﻤَﺔ ,( 3 ʼimāmun wa-raḥmatun – „a guide and a mercy” (S. XLVI, شِﻔاءٌ ﻭرَحْﻤَﺔ , 12 šifāʼun wa-raḥmatun – „a cure and a mercy” (S. XVII, ﻣَغْﻔِﺮَﺓ ﻣِﻦَ لِله ﻭرَحْﻤَﺔ ,( 82 maġfiratun mina l-Lāhi wa-raḥmatun – „forgiveness and mercy from Allāh” (S. III, فضْلُ الِله ﻭرَحْﻤَتُﻪُ ,( 157 faḏlu l-Lāhi wa-raḥmatuhu – „the grace and mercy of Allāh” (S. IV, صَ ﻮﻠَاﺕٌ ﻣِﻦْ رَبِّﻬمْ ﻭرَحْ ﺔﻤ ,( 83 ṣalawātun min rabbihim wa-raḥmatun – „who are blessed from their Lord and receive His mercy” (S. II, 157). Allāh, the Most Merciful, is absolutely independent in giving salvation. It is signified with phrase ﻣَﻦْ ﻳَﺸَاءُ man yašāʼu – „whom He wills” (S. II, 105). Divine mercy is better ( خَﻴْﺮٌ ẖayrun) from all, what man has on earth. Therefore in Quran there are more prayers for divine mercy and to divine mercy. Complementary to words derivated from the root رحم rḥm are the derivatives from the root رأف rʼf. In spite of more similiarity to biblical science about divine mercy, the author of Quran created own divine mercy conception. He throws away all of trinitology, christology, soteriology and staurology.
Oblicza dialogu wychowawczego w świetle adhortacji apostolskiej Familiaris consortio a wychowanie w rodzinie
Authors: Kądziołka Władysław 
Published: September 2014

The article deals with the subject of searching the nature of the consecrated virginity in the Church. This analysis is based on the theological and liturgical aspects defined by Ordo Consecrationis Virginum and Ordo Professionis Religiosae. Therefore we take the assumption that the most appropriate criterion of its interpretation in the Christian reality can be found in the principle: lex orandi – lex credendi. From this perspective the consecrated virginity is perceived as positive reality as far as faith celebration is concerned. The liturgy describes virginity as a gift offered to man by God’s people. Faith is also a prize and through the liturgy it is able reach its highest point. Virginity glorified in the Christian reality becomes a present as well as it is not only connected with but also filled with faith. Virginity consecrated under liturgical circumstances gains both ontological and dynamic features typical of worship. This sequentially allows to understand that virginity is not simply the result of ascetic effort, nor it is the physical adornment of a believer. In fact it spreads on the whole person who is being revived by sacraments. It makes them improve by personal commitment marking their route through the history of salvation.
Demythologizing Christian Philosophy: An Outline
Authors: Mezei Balázs M. 
Published: September 2014

In this paper I investigate the tradition of “philosophy” and “philosopher” with respect to their importance in Christianity. I argue that the meaning of the traditional notion of philosophy as an abstract science has importantly changed. The reason for this is that the “cosmo-theological” character of traditional philosophy proved to be untenable. If this pattern is not valid in our days, then the question arises if the role of philosophy, as conceived during the Christian centuries, can be continued in and beyond our age. My answer has two aspects: on the one hand, the cosmo-theological character of philosophy needs to be explored or “demythologized;” on the other hand, Christian thought still has the potential to open itself to a future renewal. Thinking philosophically is a fundamental human feature, and I suggest that “trying to become wise,” the striving for the discovery and realization of the meaningfulness of reality is still the main concern of human beings reflecting on their historical existence today. In this sense, the encyclical letter of Fides et ratio by John Paul II offers guidance, inasmuch as its author calls for “courage” in thinking. Following this call, the present paper contends that the three mains tasks of a Christian philosophy today are as follows: 1. A sufficient understanding of the tradition determined by cosmo-theology; 2. A sufficient understanding of the importance of the trauma of totalitarianism of the twentieth century as the dividing line between tradition and contemporary reflections; and 3. A sufficient understanding of human beings striving to grasp the meaning of personhood in an open universe on the basis of the meaningfulness of reality.
Egzegeza filozoficzna. Trzy ilustracje
Authors: Grabowski Marian 
Published: September 2014

In this article the author uses the method of philosophical exegesis for the Parable of the Sower and for Jesus ‘answer to the disciples question’ regarding the metaphorical nature of His teachings. The idea of this exegesis is such that biblical symbols are paralleled with philosophical and anthropological concepts. The anthropological project derived from the results of this interpretation is then confronted in two of its details with F. Ebner’s concept of word and D. von Hildebrand’s description of depth. This juxtaposition shows the possibilities of anthropological reflection engendered from a philosophical reading of Bible.