bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Australia's first cardiac emergency department: Patient profile, activity and performance in the initial 6 months
Authors: Cohen Adam C , Meek Robert , Hayden Georgina , Damianopoulos Adam , Goldie Neil , Lim Joel J Y , Duong Alex , Egerton‐Warburton Diana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo profile the initial 6‐month experience at the Victorian Heart Hospital (VHH) cardiac emergency (CE). The primary objective was to describe VHH CE patient characteristics, including presenting complaint, final diagnosis and disposition. Secondary objectives were to report on patient numbers, patient source and quality indicator performance including ambulance off‐load by 40 min, waiting time and length of stay (LOS).MethodsA retrospective review included all patients who presented to the VHH CE from 9 March 2023 to 8 September 2023. Patient reports containing the relevant clinical information were generated from the CE electronic medical record system. Diagnoses of MI were checked for accuracy by full record review.ResultsThere were 3303 CE presentations in the first 6 months of operation, of which 6% were transferred from other sites. Median age was 65 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 53–77), 56% were males; the most common presenting complaints were presumed cardiac chest pain (67%) and arrhythmia (17%). The admission, discharge and transfer rates were 38%, 54% and 8%, respectively. In total, 15% were diagnosed with MI. The most common diagnoses for discharged and admitted patients were non‐specific chest pain (57%) and ST‐elevation MI (22%), respectively. Ambulance off‐load by 40 min was met for 96%. Median waiting time was 6 min (IQR: 3–10). Median CE LOS for discharged and admitted patients was 3.2 h (IQR: 2.5–4.0) and 3.7 h (IQR: 1.8–6.0), with 75% and 56% being <4 h, respectively.ConclusionsThe population predominantly had cardiovascular disease as expected. Some performance indicators, including ED LOS, were identified as requiring intervention.
Shape variations of pelvis in different classes of dogs using geometric morphometry
Authors: Özkan Ermiş , Avanus Kozet , Manuta Nicoleta , Aydoğdu Sedat , Altundağ Yusuf 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe ossa coxae are the bones that connect the hindlimbs to the axial skeleton. The right and left os coxae join at the median plane to form the pelvis. In this study, variations in pelvis shape and the asymmetric structure of the pelvis were investigated across different classes of dogs. To achieve this, computed tomography images of the pelvis were obtained from 35 dogs, and 3D modelling of the pelvis was created. Subsequently, 45 landmarks were identified on these models. As a result of the Principal Component Analysis, the shape variation was observed in the pelvic canal and crista iliaca. Directional asymmetry between Principal Component 1 and Principal Component 2 accounted for 33.84% of the total variation, while fluctuating asymmetry contributed 23.66%. Canonical variate analysis revealed that canonical variate (CV) 1 explained 56.56% of the total variation between groups, with CV 2 explained 28.98%. Male dogs exhibited greater pelvic variation than females. Procrustes ANOVA indicated that the greatest proportion of shape variation corresponds to the effect of differences among individuals. While directional asymmetry was statistically significant, fluctuating asymmetry was not. Male dogs displayed more pronounced pelvic shape asymmetry, typically towards the right. Gundogs had a narrower pelvic canal and a wide crista iliaca, whereas terriers had a wider pelvic canal and smaller crista iliaca in shape. Geometric morphometry enables statistical analysis and the derivation of average shapes from samples, making it a vital tool in veterinary anatomy. This study provides insights into pelvic geometric morphometry across different classes of dogs.
How are first‐generation students doing throughout their college years? An examination of academic success, retention, and completion rates
Authors: Weisen Shelby , Do Tai , Peczuh Marisa C. , Hufnagle Ashley S. , Maruyama Geoffrey 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrevious research suggests that first‐generation (first‐gen) students may be at risk for lower academic performance, higher dropout rates, and lower graduation rates compared to their continuing‐generation (continuing‐gen) peers. The current study analyzes academic success (average yearly GPA) and retention/completion rates (cumulative dropouts and graduates) for four successive (2011–2014) entering first‐year cohorts at a large Midwestern Research 1 University. Across all cohorts, academic success varied by first‐gen status, with continuing‐gen students having significantly higher GPAs each year. A significantly greater percentage of first‐gen students dropped out each year. First‐gen status was also negatively related to graduation rates at 4, 5, and 6 years after college entry. Additional analyses disaggregated the data by seven colleges of admission with semi‐independent admissions policies. First‐gen status was more strongly related to academic success and retention for students in the following colleges: education, biological sciences, liberal arts, and science and engineering. Overall, findings suggest that first‐gen students are at higher risk of low performance and completion than their continuing‐gen peers. Institutions need to examine why and how they are contributing to less successful outcomes for first‐gen students, and if programming could lessen these group differences.Public significance statementThe current study finds that first‐generation undergraduate students are at higher risk of low academic performance and dropout compared to their continuing‐generation peers. Differences were also seen by college of admission, with some colleges having larger gaps between these groups than others. Institutions need to examine why and how they are contributing to these outcomes for first‐generation students, and if programming could lessen these group differences.
The impact on obesity‐related quality of life and eating satisfaction in the early period after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Uno Kohei , Sato Kazuhide , Watanabe Atsushi , Kudo Tomohiro , Fukushima Naoko , Takahashi Keita , Masuda Takahiro , Hara Keigo , Takeshita Kenji , Kurogochi Takanori , Yuda Masami , Fujisaki Muneharu , Yano Fumiaki , Eto Ken 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionObesity impairs patients' quality of life (QoL). Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a common procedure for patients with severe obesity; however, studies reporting changes in obesity‐related QoL are limited. The aim of this study was to assess changes in obesity‐related QoL and food tolerance in the early postoperative period.MethodsWe included 20 consecutive patients who underwent LSG between May 2021 and July 2023. We evaluated changes in obesity‐related QoL 6 months after surgery using an obesity and weight loss QoL questionnaire (OWLQOL) and a weight related symptom measure (WRSM). Additionally, we assessed eating satisfaction and food tolerance after surgery.ResultsThe percentages of total weight loss and excess weight loss were 28.5% and 79.1%, respectively. OWLQOL scores and WRSM changed from 36.5 to 73.0 points and from 44.0 to 15.0 points (p = .007, .007), respectively. The food tolerance score decreased from 25 to 21.2 points (p < .001), while eating satisfaction showed no significant change (p = .25).ConclusionObesity‐related QoL is enhanced even in the early postoperative period, without sacrificing eating satisfaction. The findings of this study may provide valuable insights for patients when considering LSG.
From leaves to whole plants: positive effects of shelter‐builders on arthropod communities are stronger in dry seasons
Authors: Pereira Cássio Cardoso , Fernandes G. Wilson , Cornelissen Tatiana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLeaf shelters function as microclimatic refuges, reducing arthropod exposure to climatic fluctuations of surrounding habitats. Although facilitation is expected to increase under stressful conditions, empirical studies investigating the patterns of variation and magnitude of effects of ecosystem engineering (EE) at different spatial and temporal scales are still scarce. In this study, we evaluated the facilitation consequences of leaf shelter created by gall‐inducers on arthropod communities of Miconia ligustroides (DC.) Naudin (Melastomataceae). We evaluated how such effects change at the leaf and plant levels in a habitat subject to strong climatic seasonality. The presence of leaf shelters on M. ligustroides increased arthropod diversity and biomass, modified the species composition at both the leaf and plant levels, during wet and dry seasons. However, the addition of artificial leaf shelters during the dry season showed greater abundance, richness, and biomass of arthropods when compared to shelters added during the wet season. Regarding the global effects of artificial leaf shelters on the diversity of arthropods associated with M. ligustroides, the dry season showed strong and positive effects, increasing the abundance, richness, and biomass of arthropods by an average of 65% for both years. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the patterns of variation and magnitude of EE at different spatial and temporal scales and provides new insights into the importance of shelters for aridity‐sensitive species.
Olfactory‐to‐visual facilitation in the infant brain declines gradually from 4 to 12 months
Authors: Rekow Diane , Baudouin Jean‐Yves , Kiseleva Anna , Rossion Bruno , Durand Karine , Schaal Benoist , Leleu Arnaud 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDuring infancy, intersensory facilitation declines gradually as unisensory perception develops. However, this trade‐off was mainly investigated using audiovisual stimulations. Here, fifty 4‐ to 12‐month‐old infants (26 females, predominately White) were tested in 2017–2020 to determine whether the facilitating effect of their mother's body odor on neural face categorization, as previously observed at 4 months, decreases with age. In a baseline odor context, the results revealed a face‐selective electroencephalographic response that increases and changes qualitatively between 4 and 12 months, marking improved face categorization. At the same time, the benefit of adding maternal odor fades with age (R
2 = .31), indicating an inverse relation with the amplitude of the visual response, and generalizing to olfactory‐visual interactions previous evidence from the audiovisual domain.
Rubella virus seropositivity after infection or vaccination as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ingvarsson Jens , Grut Viktor , Biström Martin , Berg Linn Persson , Stridh Pernilla , Huang Jesse , Hillert Jan , Alfredsson Lars , Kockum Ingrid , Olsson Tomas , Waterboer Tim , Nilsson Staffan , Sundström Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Hereditary susceptibility and environmental factors contribute to disease risk. Infection with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6A (HHV‐6A) have previously been associated with MS risk. Other neurotropic viruses, such as rubella virus (RV), are possible candidates in MS aetiopathogenesis, but previous results are limited and conflicting.MethodsIn this nested case–control study of biobank samples in a Swedish cohort, we analysed the serological response towards RV before the clinical onset of MS with a bead‐based multiplex assay in subjects vaccinated and unvaccinated towards RV. The association between RV seropositivity and MS risk was analysed with conditional logistic regression.ResultsSeropositivity towards RV was associated with an increased risk of MS for unvaccinated subjects, even when adjusting for plausible confounders including EBV, HHV‐6A, cytomegalovirus and vitamin D (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8–8.8). Cases also had stronger antibody reactivity towards rubella than controls, which was not seen for other neurotropic viruses such as herpes simplex or varicella zoster. Furthermore, we observed an association between RV seropositivity and MS in vaccinated subjects. However, this association was not significant when adjusting for the aforementioned confounders (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–2.9).ConclusionsTo our knowledge, these are the first reported associations between early RV seropositivity and later MS development. This suggests a broadening of the virus hypothesis in MS aetiology, where molecular mimicry between rubella epitopes and human central nervous system molecules could be an attractive possible mechanism.
Complex temporal trends in biomass and abundance of Diptera communities driven by the impact of agricultural intensity
Authors: Powell Kathryn E. , Garrett Daniel , Roy David B. , Oliver Tom H. , Larrivée Maxim , Bélisle Marc 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Insect biodiversity and abundance declines have been reported widely and are expected to alter ecosystem functions and processes. Land use change has been recognised as a major cause of such declines.
However, variation in local environmental drivers and the scale of available monitoring data have left large knowledge gaps in which taxa are declining, where declines are the greatest, and how these declines will impact ecosystems.
We used 11 years (2006–2016) of monitoring data on 40 farms distributed over ~10,000 km2 in southern Québec, Canada, to quantify the impact of agricultural intensity on temporal trends in abundance and biomass of Diptera (true flies).
There was a large difference in temporal trends between farms, which we found to be driven by agricultural landcover.
Contrary to expectation, increases in Diptera abundance over time were greater in areas with higher agricultural intensity, especially with an increase in cereal crops. In contrast, declines in biomass were steeper in areas of higher agricultural intensity, although only with greater maize and soy production rather than cereals such as wheat.
Variation in forest cover around farms had the least effect on trends.
We found steeper declines in biomass per total number of Diptera with increasing agricultural intensive cover, suggesting the presence of community turnover towards smaller bodied flies with lower individual biomass.
Our results imply that land use may not only alter abundance and species composition of insect species assemblages but also the distribution of key functional traits such as body size.
Aging properties of spinel‐type high‐entropy oxides (Co.2Cr.2Fe.2Mn.2Zn.2)3O4 for thermistors
Authors: Fan Liangchen , Yao Jincheng , Tuo Yuling , Chang Aimin , Chen Zhaoyang , Wang Junhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerein, a spinel‐type high‐entropy ceramics (Co.2Cr.2Fe.2Mn.2Zn.2)3O4 is introduced. The obtained ceramics exhibit superior thermal stability under accelerated aging conditions at 125°C for 500 h, that is, aging drift was less than .35% for all samples sintered at temperatures (1200or–1275or . The variation of resistance is mainly attributed to the oxidation of grain boundaries and the migration of oxygen vacancies. The relationship between crystal structure evolution and aging properties was investigated using structural analysis and P–V–L bonding theory. Theoretically, the Co/Cr/Mn/Fe–O bonds at the octahedral sites in the spinel structure are more important for controlling structural stability.
High‐temperature oxidation and TGO growth behavior of Sr.9(Zr.9Yb.05Y.05)O2.85 thermal barrier coatings
Authors: Feng Xueying , Zou Min , Liu Jiong , Lv Liang , Meng Xiangfeng , Bai Yu , Zheng Fei , Yu Li , Ma Wen , Gao Yuanming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐temperature oxidation (1050°C) of Sr.9(Zr.9Yb.05Y.05)O2.85 (SZYY) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) by suspension plasma spraying (SPS) and growth behavior of thermally grown oxide (TGO) were investigated. When the TBCs were exposed to high temperature for a period of time (∼5 h), the BC oxidized and TGO inevitably formed between the bond coating (BC) and the ceramic top coating (TC). The high‐temperature oxidation behavior of the BC is generally manifested as the growth of TGO, which has four specific stages as follows: (1) formative oxidation stage (0‒10 h), (2) rapid oxidation stage (10‒50 h), (3) stable oxidation stage (50‒100 h), and (4) complex oxidation stage (100‒200 h). The main component of early TGO is α‐Al2O3. It has a very low oxygen ion diffusivity and provides an excellent diffusion barrier, which has a positive effect on preventing further BC oxidation. However, as the heat treatment time increased, the Al consumption and the formation of a CNS layer (NiO, Co3O4, and spinel) in the BC eventually led to coating failure. The working life of TBCs can be improved by improving the ceramic TC structure and the Al content of BC. SZYY‐TBCs have certain potential application value.
Utilization of international normalized ratio‐derived formula to predict plasma rivaroxaban level—Validation study and real‐world experience
Authors: Sin Chun‐fun , Wong Ka‐ping , Siu Chun Wah , Wong Tsz‐fu , Wong Hoi‐man 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionSpecific assays of plasma rivaroxaban level are not always readily available with short turnaround time, which hamper the management of urgent clinical situations. In this study, we aimed to build a predictive formula of plasma rivaroxaban levels from international normalized ratio (INR) value and validated in real world clinical situations.MethodsNinety‐four patients who were taking rivaroxaban participated in the study. Patients were randomized into testing cohort and validation cohorts. The prediction formula was built from the testing cohort and then validated in validation cohort. The predictive performance was further validated on real‐world clinical requests.ResultsThe root mean square error (RMSE) of the predictive formula for the testing and validation cohorts were 61.81 and 69.32 ng/mL, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the formula to predict the threshold plasma rivaroxaban level of 75 ng/mL were 95% (95% CI: 85.4%–100%) and 87.5% (95% CI: 71.3%–100%), respectively, in real‐world clinical situations.ConclusionPlasma rivaroxaban level of threshold level of 75 ng/mL can be calculated from prediction formula by INR value with satisfactory accuracy and it can be used to guide the decision for reversal.
Back for good? Return aspirations of immigrants in the Netherlands
Authors: Özer Özge Elif , Remund Adrien , Kalmijn Matthijs 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReturn migration is a complex process increasingly discussed in academic and policy circles. This study calls on complementary concepts and theories of migration, such as transnationalism, integration and family ties, to explore the return migration aspirations of first‐generation immigrants in the Netherlands. It aims to examine to what extent an immigrant's contacts with their origin country, proximity to the host country and family location influence their return migration aspirations. We use the Survey of Integration of Migrants and the Survey of Integration of New Groups collected by Statistics Netherlands, which count amongst the rare surveys that capture these concepts. Our results show that, whilst return aspirations vary by country of origin, probably reflecting the conditions of the initial migration, having a family in origin and being active in transnational activities are positively related to return aspirations. Additionally, those more integrated into the host country are less likely to report aspirations to return. These results confirm the expectations that the ties to the origin and host countries matter in return aspirations.
Design of survivable networks with low connectivity requirements
Authors: Almathkour Fatmah , Magnouche Youcef , Mahjoub A. Ridha , Taktak Raouia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the survivable network design problem when the connectivity types are in {0, 1, 2, 3}. The problem has wide applications in telecommunication networks. We consider the problem from a polyhedral point of view. We describe several classes of valid inequalities and give necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for these inequalities to be facet defining. We also develop separation routines for these inequalities. Using these results, we devise a branch‐and‐cut algorithm along with an extensive computational study is presented.
Impact of Soil Moisture Depletion on Various Yield Components and Water Usage to Trigger Pods in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Desi Genotypes
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Bansal Urmil , Kaiser Brent Norman 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTChickpeas are well adapted to rainfed conditions, but a lack of moisture during the reproductive phase can result in lower pod setting and ultimately reduced grain yield. The exact reasons for this reduction are not fully understood, partly because of the lack of information on soil moisture content (SMC) and water use during podding. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by quantifying the impact of gradual drought on various yield components of desi‐type genotypes using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. Two water treatments were applied at the start of anthesis: well‐watered (WW) and drought‐stressed (DS). The WW was maintained at 24% SMC, whereas the DS was dried to 3% SMC. The results showed that DS caused early podding (3.3 days less), with reductions in plant height (11.4 cm), leaf area (1249.5 cm2), flowers (18.6), pods (27.4), seeds (37.0), grain yield (0.2 g), aboveground dry biomass (11.4 g) and harvest index (0.2 g), while increasing flower abortion (14.6) and seed biomass (1.5 g). However, diverse genotypic responses were observed to treatments, as well as water usage, FTSW and SMC that triggered pods which ranged from 1.12 to 1.89 L, 0.05 to 0.43 and 4.0% to 12.2%, respectively. A positive association between days taken and the amount of water used to terminate pods indicated that quicker‐triggering genotypes, such as Rupali and Genesis 836, consumed less water to develop pods than Flipper, ICCV_06109 and PBA Slasher did. Conversely, the negative association between the amount of water used and the number of pods triggered, seeds and grain yield explained the superior performance of Rupali and Genesis 836. These genotypes extracted less water (FTSW = 0.36 and 0.43; SMC = 10.3% and 12.2%, respectively) to develop pods and maintained favourable photosynthesis at lower transpiration rates for longer periods, allowing them to use residual moisture more efficiently. Our research offers crucial insights that can be beneficial to breeders and physiologists, paving the way for future studies aimed at developing drought‐tolerant genotypes.