bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Serious Game Can Be a Valid Method to Train Clinical Decision‐Making in Surgery
Authors: Graafland Maurits , Vollebergh Maarten F. , Lagarde Sjoerd M. , van Haperen M. , Bemelman Willem A. , Schijven Marlies P. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundA serious game was developed to train surgical residents in clinical decision‐making regarding biliary tract disease. Serious or applied gaming is a novel educational approach to postgraduate training, combining training and assessment of clinical decision‐making in a fun and challenging way. Although interest for serious games in medicine is rising, evidence on its validity is lacking. This study investigates face, content, and construct validity of this serious game.MethodsExperts structurally validated the game’s medical content. Subsequently, 41 participants played the game. Decision scores and decision speed were compared among surgeons, surgical residents, interns, and medical students, determining the game’s discriminatory ability between different levels of expertise. After playing, participants completed a questionnaire on the game’s perceived realism and teaching ability.ResultsSurgeons solved more cases correctly (mean 77 %) than surgical residents (67 %), interns (60 %), master‐degree students (50 %), and bachelor‐degree students (39 % (p < 0.01). Trainees performed significantly better in their second play session than in the first (median 72 vs. 48 %, p = 0.00). Questionnaire results showed that educators and surgical trainees found the game both realistic and useful for surgical training. The majority perceived the game as fun (91.2 %), challenging (85.3 %), and would recommend the game to educate their colleagues (81.8 %).ConclusionsThis serious game showed clear discriminatory ability between different levels of expertise in biliary tract disease management and clear teaching capability. It was perceived as appealing and realistic. Serious gaming has the potential to increase adherence to training programs in surgical residency training and medical school.
The paleoclimatic and geochronologic utility of coring red beds and evaporites: a case study from the RKB core (Permian, Kansas, USA)
Authors: Soreghan Gerilyn S. , Benison Kathleen C. , Foster Tyler M. , Zambito Jay , Soreghan Michael J. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Drill core is critical for robust and high-resolution reconstructions of Earth’s climate record, as well demonstrated from both marine successions and modern long-lived lake systems. Deep-time climate reconstructions increasingly require core-based data, but some facies, notably red beds and evaporites, have garnered less attention for both paleoclimatic and geochronologic analyses. Here, we highlight studies from the Rebecca K. Bounds (RKB) core, a nearly continuous, >1.6 km drill core extending from the Cretaceous to the Mississippian, recovered from the US Midcontinent by Amoco Production Company in 1988, and serendipitously made available for academic research. Recent research conducted on this core illustrates the potential to recover high-resolution data for geochronologic and climatic reconstructions from both the fine-grained red bed strata, which largely represent paleo-loess deposits, and associated evaporite strata. In this case, availability of core was instrumental for (1) accessing a continuous vertical section that establishes unambiguous superposition key to both magnetostratigraphic and paleoclimatic analyses, and (2) providing pristine sample material from friable, soluble, and/or lithofacies and mineralogical species otherwise poorly preserved in surface exposures. The potential for high-resolution paleoclimatic reconstruction from coring of deep-time loess strata in particular remains severely underutilized.
Effect of Head Groups, Temperature, and Polymer Concentration on Surfactant—Polymer Interactions
Authors: Banipal Tarlok Singh , Kaur Harjinder , Banipal Parampaul Kaur , Sood Ashwani Kumar 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe micellization behaviour of sodium dodecyl sulphate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and cetylpyridinium chloride in water and in aqueous solutions of polyethylene oxide (PEO, molecular weight = 100,000) having concentrations (0.005–0.04 %, w/v) has been studied at different temperatures (288.15–318.15 K) using conductivity, surface tension, and viscosity methods. From conductivity measurements various micellar parameters, like critical micellar concentration (CMC), critical aggregation concentration (CAC), polymer saturation point (PSP), degree of ionization (β), and standard free energy of transfer (), have been calculated. CAC values have been found to decrease with polymer concentration and increase with temperature. However, the PSP values increase with both polymer concentration and temperature for all surfactants. Similar parameters have also been calculated from surface tension data (CMCσ, CACσ, PSPσ) along with other parameters such as maximum surface excess concentration at the air/water interface (), minimum area per molecule (Amin), and packing parameter (p). The CMCσ, CACσ, and PSPσ values are smaller than the corresponding CMC, CAC, and PSP values, but both show similar behaviour with temperature and concentration of polymer. Various parameters indicate that the presence of the aromatic ring in the head group of surfactant decreases its interaction with PEO, whereas the increased hydrophobicity in the tail leads to stronger interactions with PEO. Viscosity studies further supplement the conclusions drawn from the above results.
Tsukushi is involved in the wound healing by regulating the expression of cytokines and growth factors
Authors: Niimori Daisuke , Kawano Rie , Niimori‐Kita Kanako , Ihn Hironobu , Ohta Kunimasa 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDuring the wound‐healing process, macrophages, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts play a leading role in shifting from the inflammation phase to the proliferation phase, although little is known about the cell differentiation and molecular control mechanisms underlying these processes. Previously, we reported that Tsukushi (TSK), a member of the small leucine‐rich repeat proteoglycan family, functions as a key extracellular coordinator of multiple signalling networks. In this study, we investigated the contribution of TSK to wound healing. Analysis of wound tissue in heterozygous TSK‐lacZ knock‐in mice revealed a pattern of sequential TSK expression from macrophages to myofibroblasts. Quantitative PCR and in vitro cell induction experiments showed that TSK controls macrophage function and myofibroblast differentiation by inhibiting TGF‐β1 secreted from macrophages. Our results suggest TSK facilitates wound healing by maintaining inflammatory cell quiescence.
Tribological properties of platinum/ruthenium/nitrogen doped diamond-like carbon thin films deposited with different negative substrate biases
Authors: Khun Nay Win , Liu Erjia 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The platinum/ruthenium/nitrogen doped diamond-like carbon (PtRuN-DLC) thin films were deposited on Si substrates via DC magnetron sputtering by varying negative substrate bias. The tribological performance of the PtRuN-DLC films was systematically investigated using ball-on-disc microtribological test. The Raman results showed that the increased negative substrate bias significantly increased the number of sp3 bonds in the PtRuN-DLC films as a result of the increased kinetic energies of impinging ions. The adhesion strength of the PtRuN-DLC films apparently decreased with increased negative substrate bias due to the promoted residual stress in the films. The tribological results clearly revealed that the increased negative substrate bias decreased the friction and wear of the PtRuN-DLC films by improving the sp3 bonded cross-linking structures of the films. It can be concluded that the PtRuN-DLC films could effectively prevent their underlying Si substrates from wear as the negative substrate bias had a significant influence on the tribological properties of the PtRuN-DLC films.
Implementing AORN Recommended Practices for a Safe Environment of Care, Part II
Authors: Kennedy Lynne 
Published: August 2014

AbstractConstruction in and around a working perioperative suite is a challenge beyond merely managing traffic patterns and maintaining the sterile field. The AORN “Recommended practices for a safe environment of care, part II” provides guidance on building design; movement of patients, personnel, supplies, and equipment; environmental controls; safety and security; and control of noise and distractions. Whether the OR suite evolves through construction, reconstruction, or remodeling, a multidisciplinary team of construction experts and health care professionals should create a functional plan and communicate at every stage of the project to maintain a safe environment and achieve a well‐designed outcome. Emergency preparedness, a facility‐wide security plan, and minimization of noise and distractions in the OR also help enhance the safety of the perioperative environment.
Prosopography of the Book and the Politics of Legal Language in Late Medieval England
Authors: Kennedy Kathleen E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis article explores the intersection of book history and prosopography. It uses several case studies of copies of the medieval parliamentary statutes translated into English, together with later copies of English statutes translated into French, to argue for both thick prosopographical study of individual volumes and large, statistically based studies of books drawn from the largest possible data sets. Together, these methods amount to a new “prosopograhy of the book.” The case studies analyzed here reveal a complicated politicized relationship not only between script and print but also between French and English in the early Tudor era.
“The Only Man of Nature That Ever Appeared in the World”: “Walking” John Stewart and the Trajectories of Social Radicalism, 1790–1822
Authors: Claeys Gregory 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis article explores the ideas of “Walking” John Stewart (1747–1822), a little-known adventurer and philosopher active in debates over social reformation during the French Revolutionary period. Renowned as a peripatetic who walked from India to Britain, Stewart befriended Thomas Paine and others during the early years of the Revolution. His main aim was to persuade them of the value of his philosophy, which was derived from French materialism as well as Hindu and Buddhist sources. But Stewart also came under the influence of the Shakers, Dunkers, Moravians, and other North American sectarian communities. As early as 1791 he commended small-scale “cohabitations” of no more than 100 men and 100 women as the ideal form of association. Here, and in his radical approaches to marriage and sexual relationships, he strikingly anticipated the ideas of Robert Owen and the early socialists.
The Making of a Translator: James Strachey and the Origins of British Psychoanalysis
Authors: Linstrum Erik 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBoth critics and defenders of James Strachey's translations of Sigmund Freud have tended to judge their worth by the standard of “accuracy”—in other words, their faithfulness to Freud's theories. This article takes a different approach, tracing Strachey's choices as a translator to his own experiences in Edwardian, wartime, and interwar Britain. Convinced that the ruling elite and the mass public alike were captive to dangerously irrational forces, Strachey saw the science of the unconscious as a vehicle for political and social criticism. As an attempt to mobilize expert knowledge against the status quo, Strachey's translation represents a divergence from two influential paradigms for interpreting the history of psychoanalysis: Carl Schorske's account of the Freudian “retreat from politics” and Michel Foucault's portrait of the “superstructural” state as an extension and ally of the human sciences. Strachey's translation also demonstrates that the political and social ambitions of British psychoanalysis were powerfully formed by the era of the First World War, and not only the Second, which historians have often identified as the crucial moment.
Calvinist Absolutism: Archbishop James Ussher and Royal Power
Authors: Campbell Ian W. S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractArchbishop James Ussher's manuscript notebooks allow us to observe the making of a Calvinist absolutist and to orientate the archbishop's beliefs about royal power within European Reformed thought as a whole. By 1643, Ussher was preaching a polished and complete theory of absolute royal power, and it is possible to track the development of this political theory forward from his undergraduate days in the 1590s. Throughout his life Ussher engaged anxiously with Reformed theologians abroad, who generally favored limited rather than absolute monarchy. Nevertheless, Ussher shared with these Reformed colleagues both an antipathy to aspects of Aristotelian politics and a commitment to the divine institution of royal power. Finally, despite Ussher's hostility to Laudian innovations in the Irish Church, his heartfelt political beliefs made him a firm supporter of Stuart absolutism throughout the Three Kingdoms.
Mutual inductance instability of the tip vortices behind a wind turbine
Authors: Sarmast Sasan , Dadfar Reza , Mikkelsen Robert F. , Schlatter Philipp , Ivanell Stefan , Sørensen Jens N. , Henningson Dan S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractTwo modal decomposition techniques are employed to analyse the stability of wind turbine wakes. A numerical study on a single wind turbine wake is carried out focusing on the instability onset of the trailing tip vortices shed from the turbine blades. The numerical model is based on large-eddy simulations (LES) of the Navier–Stokes equations using the actuator line (ACL) method to simulate the wake behind the Tjæreborg wind turbine. The wake is perturbed by low-amplitude excitation sources located in the neighbourhood of the tip spirals. The amplification of the waves travelling along the spiral triggers instabilities, leading to breakdown of the wake. Based on the grid configurations and the type of excitations, two basic flow cases, symmetric and asymmetric, are identified. In the symmetric setup, we impose a 120° symmetry condition in the dynamics of the flow and in the asymmetric setup we calculate the full 360° wake. Different cases are subsequently analysed using dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The results reveal that the main instability mechanism is dispersive and that the modal growth in the symmetric setup arises only for some specific frequencies and spatial structures, e.g. two dominant groups of modes with positive growth (spatial structures) are identified, while breaking the symmetry reveals that almost all the modes have positive growth rate. In both setups, the most unstable modes have a non-dimensional spatial growth rate close to$\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}\pi /2$and they are characterized by an out-of-phase displacement of successive helix turns leading to local vortex pairing. The present results indicate that the asymmetric case is crucial to study, as the stability characteristics of the flow change significantly compared to the symmetric configurations. Based on the constant non-dimensional growth rate of disturbances, we derive a new analytical relationship between the length of the wake up to the turbulent breakdown and the operating conditions of a wind turbine.
A metabolomics approach used to profile plasma from portal–arterial pigs revealed differences between breads incurred by dietary fibre and protein contents
Authors: Nielsen Kirstine Lykke , Hedemann Mette Skou , Lærke Helle Nygaard , Jørgensen Henry , Bach Knudsen Knud Erik 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA liquid chromatography–MS (LC-MS) metabolomics analysis of plasma from portal–arterial catheterised pigs fed breads prepared with whole-grain rye or wheat flour with added concentrated arabinoxylan (AX) or β-glucan (BG) was conducted. Comparison of the effects of concentrated fibres with whole grains has received little attention. Six female catheterised pigs were given two white wheat breads with wheat AX or oat BG, two rye breads with ground rye (GR) or intact rye kernels (RK), and a control white wheat bread (WF) on separate occasions in a randomised cross-over design. The amount of available carbohydrate was similar for the five breads but varied in the content of protein. Plasma was collected continuously for 4 h after feeding. Glucose levels in the portal vein were reduced postprandially in response to the AX, GR and RK breads that had high contents of AX compared with WF bread (P < 0·03). AX and RK breads further tended to decrease plasma levels of some lysophosphatidylcholine species (P ≤ 0·10). The abundance of amino acids in plasma correlated with the protein contents in the breads and leucine uptake significantly affected insulin secretion in the mesenteric artery. In conclusion, the present study revealed that concentrated AX in wheat bread had similar positive effects as whole-grain rye bread on glucose and lipid metabolism.
Population status of the Bornean orang-utanPongo pygmaeusin a vanishing forest in Indonesia: the former Mega Rice Project
Authors: Cattau Megan E. , Husson Simon , Cheyne Susan M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAs peat-swamp forests in Borneo become progressively more fragmented, the species that inhabit them are increasingly threatened, notably the Endangered Bornean orang-utanPongo pygmaeus. The area of a failed agricultural project known as the Mega Rice Project in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, is composed of fragments of peat-swamp forest that are reported to contain orang-utans, although no comprehensive survey has previously been conducted. In a portion of this area we identified remaining forest fragments, using satellite imagery, and surveyed line transects for orang-utan sleeping nests to determine the density, abundance and distribution of the species. The total area of peat-swamp forest in the study area is 76,755 ha, 59,948 ha of which comprises patches at least as large as the home range of a female orang-utan (250 ha). We estimate a mean population density of 2.48 ± SE 0.32 individuals km−2and a population of 1,700 ± SE 220 or 1,507 ± SE 195 individuals, based on a 25 and 250 ha minimum patch size threshold, respectively. This is c. 40–45% of the original population, and the fragmented population is unlikely to be viable in terms of long-term demographic and genetic stability. To ensure persistence of this population of orang-utans, direct conservation action to connect forest fragments and prevent further loss of peat-swamp forest will be required, including re-establishing the hydrological regime, reforesting barren areas and fighting fires.
Developmental interplay between children's biobehavioral risk and the parenting environment from toddler to early school age: Prediction of socialization outcomes in preadolescence
Authors: Kochanska Grazyna , Boldt Lea J. , Kim Sanghag , Yoon Jeung Eun , Philibert Robert A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe followed 100 community families from toddler age to preadolescence. Each mother– and father–child dyad was observed at 25, 38, 52, 67, and 80 months (10 hr/child) to assess positive and power-assertive parenting. At age 10 (N= 82), we obtained parent- and child-reported outcome measures of children's acceptance of parental socialization: cooperation with parental monitoring, negative attitude toward substance use, internalization of adult values, and callous–unemotional tendencies. Children who carried a short serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region gene (5-HTTLPR) allele and were highly anger prone, based on anger observed in laboratory from 25 to 80 months, were classified as high in biobehavioral risk. The remaining children were classified as low in biobehavioral risk. Biobehavioral risk moderated links between parenting history and outcomes. For low-risk children, parenting measures were unrelated to outcomes. For children high in biobehavioral risk, variations in positive parenting predicted cooperation with monitoring and negative attitude toward substance use, and variations in power-assertive parenting predicted internalization of adult values and callous–unemotional tendencies. Suboptimal parenting combined with high biobehavioral risk resulted in the poorest outcomes. The effect for attitude toward substance use supported differential susceptibility: children high in biobehavioral risk who received optimal parenting had a more adaptive outcome than their low-risk peers. The remaining effects were consistent with diathesis–stress.
Reducing patient radiation exposure during paediatric SVT ablations: use of CARTO® 3 in concert with “ALARA” principles profoundly lowers total dose
Authors: Pass Robert H. , Gates Gregory G. , Gellis Laura A. , Nappo Lynn , Ceresnak Scott R. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackground: “ALARA – As Low As Reasonably Achievable” protocols reduce patient radiation dose. Addition of electroanatomical mapping may further reduce dose. Methods: From 6/11 to 4/12, a novel ALARA protocol was utilised for all patients undergoing supraventricular tachycardia ablation, including low frame rates (2–3 frames/second), low fluoro dose/frame (6–18 nGy/frame), and other techniques to reduce fluoroscopy (ALARA). From 6/12 to 3/13, use of CARTO® 3 (C3) with “fast anatomical mapping” (ALARA+C3) was added to the ALARA protocol. Intravascular echo was not utilised. Demographics, procedural, and radiation data were analysed and compared between the two protocols. Results: A total of 75 patients were included: 42 ALARA patients, and 33 ALARA+C3 patients. Patient demographics were similar between the two groups. The acute success rate in ALARA was 95%, and 100% in ALARA+C3; no catheterisation-related complications were observed. Procedural time was 125.7 minutes in the ALARA group versus 131.4 in ALARA+C3 (p=0.36). Radiation doses were significantly lower in the ALARA+C3 group with a mean air Kerma in ALARA+C3 of 13.1±28.3 mGy (SD) compared with 93.8±112 mGy in ALARA (p<0.001). Mean dose area product was 92.2±179 uGym2 in ALARA+C3 compared with 584±687 uGym2 in ALARA (p<0.001). Of the 33 subjects (42%) in the ALARA+C3 group, 14 received ⩽1 mGy exposure. The ALARA+C3 dosages are the lowest reported for a combined electroanatomical–fluoroscopy technique. Conclusions: Addition of CARTO® 3 to ALARA protocols markedly reduced radiation exposure to young people undergoing supraventricular tachycardia ablation while allowing for equivalent procedural efficacy and safety.