bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subsolidus Phase Relations of the BaO–Y2O3–MnO2 System in Air
Authors: Wang Changlei , Li Jing‐Bo , Gao Qingqing , Li Guannan , Liu Guangyao , Rao Guanghui , Luo Jun , Du Zhenmin , Liang Jingkui 
Published: December 2012

The subsolidus phase relations of the BaO–Y2O3–MnO2 system have been investigated in air. There are eight binary compounds, a new ternary compound and 11 three‐phase regions in this system. The ternary compound with the BaO:YO1.5:MnO2 molar ratio of 8:2:5 was indexed by a rhombohedral lattice with a = 5.7929 (6) and c = 28.586 (4) Å. The synthesized compounds were determined to be stoichiometric except for the Ba1−xYxMnO3 phase (x ≤ 0.01).
Preparation and Electric Properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 Lead‐Free Piezoceramics
Authors: Wang Qi , Chen Jun , Fan Longlong , Liu Laijun , Fang Liang , Xing Xianran 
Published: December 2012

Lead‐free BNT‐based piezoceramics, (1−x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–xBi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 [(1−x)BNT–xBMT] (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.06) binary system, were synthesized using a conventional ceramic fabrication method. Effect of Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 (BMT) substitution on room temperature (RT) crystal structure, and temperature dependence of electric properties were investigated. The XRD indicates that a pure perovskite phase is formed. The introduction of BMT decreases EC of BNT from 7.3 to 4.0 kV/mm, and increases d33 from 58 pC/N to 110 pC/N for the x = 0.05. The system shows a typical ferroelectric (FE) polarization loop P(E) and butterfly bipolar strain‐electric S(E) curve at RT. For the composition of 0.95BNT–0.05BMT antiferroelectric (AFE) phase appears near 80°C, characterized by a constricted P(E) loop and altered bipolar S(E) butterfly, and gradually prevails with increasing temperature. Temperature dependence of dielectric constant shows that TC increases from 310°C for pure BNT to 352°C for the x = 0.05. The results indicate that the piezoelectric properties of BNT have been improved by means of Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 substitution.
Tracking the origins of lice, haemosporidian parasites and feather mites of the Galápagos flycatcher (Myiarchus magnirostris)
Authors: Sari Eloisa H. R. , Klompen Hans , Parker Patricia G. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAimTo discover the origins of the lice, haemosporidian parasites and feather mites found on or in Galápagos flycatchers (Myiarchus magnirostris), by testing whether they colonized the islands with the ancestors of M. magnirostris or if they were acquired by M. magnirostris after its arrival in the Galápagos Islands.LocationThe Galápagos Islands (Ecuador) and north‐western Costa Rica.MethodsWe collected lice, feather mites and blood samples from M. magnirostris on seven of the Galápagos Islands (n = 254), and from its continental sister species, M. tyrannulus, in Costa Rica (n = 74), and identified them to species level using traditional taxonomy and DNA sequencing.ResultsThe blood parasites from the two bird species were different: Plasmodium was found only in M. tyrannulus, while a few individuals of M. magnirostris were infected by Haemoproteus multipigmentatus from Galápagos doves (Zenaida galapagoensis). Myiarchus tyrannulus was parasitized by three louse species, two of which (Ricinus marginatus and Menacanthus distinctus) were also found on Myiarchus magnirostris. We also collected one louse specimen from M. magnirostris, which was identified as Brueelia interposita, a species commonly found on finches and yellow warblers from the Galápagos, but never recorded on M. tyrannulus. The richness of mite species was lower for M. magnirostris than for M. tyrannulus; all mite species or genera from M. magnirostris were also sampled on M. tyrannulus, but M. tyrannulus had two additional mite species.Main conclusionsOur results revealed that two of the louse and three of the mite species we found on M. magnirostris are likely to have come to the archipelago with these birds’ colonizing ancestors, but that one louse and one haemosporidian species were acquired from the Galápagos bird community after the arrival of the M. magnirostris lineage. We also confirmed that, for closely related hosts, island mite richness was lower than on the continent.
Local forest structure, climate and human disturbance determine regional distribution of boreal bird species richness in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Zhang Jian , Kissling W. Daniel , He Fangliang 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAimIt is challenging to disentangle how local habitat structure, climate, and human disturbance interplay to determine broad‐scale variation of species richness. Here, we separated various measures of local forest structure and composition, abiotic factors, and human land cover that constrain species richness of bird guilds in the boreal forest.LocationBoreal forest, western Canada.MethodsData on breeding birds, habitat structure, climate and human footprints in 206 sites were sampled, with each site centred on an area of 1 ha in size. The 206 sites cover a large geographical extent with a distance of c. 1000 km between the most distant sites. We modelled bird guild species richness in relation to forest structure and composition (woody plant richness, forest biomass, number of vegetation layers, canopy openness), abiotic environment (temperature, precipitation, elevation), and percentage area of human land cover. We classified bird species into different guilds based on dietary preference, habitat specialization and migratory status, and used structural equations to quantify effect strengths of predictor variables.ResultsWe found that temperature, low levels of human land cover, woody plant richness and number of vegetation layers had strong positive correlations with overall bird species richness in the boreal forest. Moreover, local forest structure and composition showed a pronounced variation in their relationships with species richness of different guilds. Insectivores, old‐growth forest specialists, forest generalists, long‐distance migrants and winter residents showed strong positive correlations with woody plant richness, whereas old‐growth forest specialists and winter residents were strongly related to forest biomass as well. The number of vegetation layers was positively related to species richness of most guilds, whereas the response to canopy openness was most pronounced for old‐growth forest specialists and winter residents (being negatively correlated).Main conclusionsIn addition to climate and human disturbance, local forest structure and composition are important determinants of broad‐scale variation of bird species richness in boreal forest. However, the strength and direction (positive/negative) of determinants is guild‐specific, suggesting a strong functional component to community structure.
Identity of tendon stem cells – how much do we know?
Authors: Lui Pauline Po Yee 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTendon stem cells are multi‐potent adult stem cells with broad differentiation plasticity that render them of great importance in cell‐based therapies for the repair of tendons. We called them tendon‐derived stem cells (TDSCs) to indicate the tissue origin from which the stem cells were isolated in vitro. Based on the work of other sources of MSCs and specific work on TDSCs, some properties of TDSCs have been characterized / implicated in vitro. Despite these findings, tendon stem cells remained controversial cells. This was because MSCs residing in different organs, although very similar, were not identical cells. There is evidence of differences in stem cell‐related properties and functions related to tissue origins. Similar to other stem cells, tendon stem cells were identified and characterized in vitro. Their in vivo identities, niche (both anatomical locations and regulators) and roles in tendons were less understood. This review aims to summarize the current evidence of the possible anatomical locations and niche signals regulating the functions of tendon stem cells in vivo. The possible roles of tendon stem cells in tendon healing and non‐healing are presented. Finally, the potential strategies for understanding the in vivo identity of tendon stem cells are discussed.
Events of wound healing/regeneration in the canine supraalveolar periodontal defect model
Authors: Dickinson Douglas P. , Coleman Brandon G. , Batrice Nathan , Lee Jaebum , Koli Komal , Pennington Cathy , Susin Cristiano , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAimThe objective of this research was to elucidate early events in periodontal wound healing/regeneration using histological and immunohistochemical techniques.MethodsRoutine critical‐size, supraalveolar, periodontal defects including a space‐providing titanium mesh device were created in 12 dogs. Six animals received additional autologous blood into the defect prior to wound closure. One animal from each group was killed for analysis at 2, 5, 9, 14 days, and at 4 and 8 weeks.ResultsBoth groups behaved similarly. Periodontal wound healing/regeneration progressed through three temporal phases. Early phase (2–5 days): heterogeneous clot consolidation and cell activation in the periodontal ligament (PDL) and trabecular bone was associated with PDL regeneration and formation of a pre‐osteoblast population. Intermediate phase (9–14 days): cell proliferation (shown by PCNA immunostaining)/migration led to osteoid/bone, PDL and cementum formation. Late phase (4–8 weeks): primarily characterized by tissue remodelling/maturation. Fibrous connective tissue from the gingival mucosa entered the wound early, competing with regeneration. By day 14, the wound space was largely filled with regenerative and reparative tissues.ConclusionActivation of cellular regenerative events in periodontal wound healing/regeneration is rapid; the general framework for tissue formation is broadly outlined within 14 days. Most bone formation apparently originates from endosteally derived pre‐osteoblasts; the PDL possibly acting as a supplementary source, with a primary function likely being regulatory/homeostatic. Blood accumulation at the surgical site warrants exploration; supplementation may be beneficial.
Evaluation of risk factors for body weight increment in psoriatic patients on infliximab: a multicentre, cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mahé E. , Reguiai Z. , Barthelemy H. , Quiles‐Tsimaratos N. , Chaby G. , Girard C. , Estève E. , Maccari F. , Descamps V. , Schmutz J.‐L. , Begon E. , Bravard P. , Maillard H. , Boyé T. , Beauchet A. , Sigal M.‐L. ,   for the GEM Resopso
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackground  A significant weight gain has been reported in patients with psoriasis treated with anti‐tumour necrosis factor‐alpha agents. Among these patients, there are contradictory results about risk factors for weight gain.Objective  Assessing risk factors for weight increment in psoriatic patients on infliximab (IFX).Methods  This study was a 4‐month, non‐interventional, cross‐sectional, multicentre study on adults with psoriasis performed in 19 French dermatological centres. All the patients who received IFX for at least 1 year were prospectively included, with retrospective analysis of data. Impact of sex, age, severity of the disease, cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, and previous and simultaneous systemic treatments on weight changes, was analysed. Weight gain was defined as an increment of more than 2% of baseline weight.Results  Overall, 191 psoriatic patients (males: 68.6%; mean age: 46.9 years) were included. Mean weight gain was 1.6 kg (2.1%) after 1 year of IFX. Half (48.2%) suffered from a weight gain, and 9.9% from a weight increment of 10% or more. Baseline weight and Body Mass Index, and cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities did not influence weight. Men (P = 0.007) and patients with severe psoriasis (BSA, P = 0.005) had a tendency to put on weight. Patients with a hospital dietary follow‐up (P = 0.01; OR = 0.36 [0.16–0.79]) and patients on methotrexate (P = 0.03; OR = 0.41 [0.18–0.93]) during IFX treatment are thinner, in a multivariate analysis.Conclusion  Severe weight increment is frequent on IFX treatment, mainly in men, and patients with severe psoriasis. Dietary follow‐up or simultaneous use of methotrexate could limit this weight increment.
A cross‐sectional study on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in psoriasis compared to psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Bostoen J. , Van Praet L. , Brochez L. , Mielants H. , Lambert J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackground  Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests associations between psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and metabolic disease. Elucidating the complex relationship between these comorbidities may have important management implications.Objective  The aim of this study was to examine the difference in prevalence of metabolic disease burden between patients with psoriasis who lack arthritic manifestations (PsO) and PsA patients.Methods  We performed a cross‐sectional study in 123 patients with PsO and PsA. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the new criteria developed by the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) in 2004. Therefore, clinical examination and standard survey were performed and fasting blood samples were collected.Results  One hundred and four patients were analysed, of which 49 were PsO and 55 were PsA patients. We found that prevalence of the metabolic syndrome according to the IDF criteria was significantly higher in the PsO (44.9%) compared with the PsA group (25.5%) (P = 0.037). Looking closer at the individual components of the metabolic syndrome, this difference can mainly be attributed to the significantly higher prevalence of abdominal obesity in PsO (83.7%) vs. PsA (65.5%) (P = 0.034). For other individual components of the metabolic syndrome such as triglycerides, high‐density lipoproteins, hypertension and plasma glucose, we could not show statistically significant differences between the groups.Conclusion  Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in patients with PsO than in PsA patients, mainly determined by the higher prevalence of abdominal obesity in PsO compared with PsA group.
Temperature and starvation effects on food exploitation by Argentine ants and native ants in New Zealand
Authors: McGrannachan C. M. , Lester P. J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe abundance and distribution of an invasive species is influenced by its relative ability to find resources under a variety of conditions. We examined the exploitative ability of the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile (Mayr)), in comparison with two common New Zealand ant species Monomorium antarcticum (Fr. Smith) and Prolasius advenus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (Fr. Smith), using maze trials under different temperature and starvation regimes. Our results showed temperature significantly affected the mean time to discover food resources, but different species responded differently to changes in temperature. A change in temperature from 23°C to 13°C resulted in an approximately 8‐fold increase in the time to discover food for native P. advenus, but discovery times remained relatively similar for invasive Argentine ants. Starvation did not significantly influence the ability of species to find food. Argentine ants consistently located and recruited to food faster than the native species. We examined for variation in walking speed under the experimental conditions as a mechanism for our results. The results revealed Argentine ants and P. advenus to have similar walking speeds at each temperature‐starvation treatment and both were faster than M. antarcticum. However, Argentine ants had rates of turning or returning to the nest that were lower than the native species. This result suggests that Argentine ants show greater ‘exploratory willingness’ or ‘novelty seeking’ behaviour. Our results suggest that Argentine ants are able to discovery and exploit resources more efficiently than these native species under a wide spectrum of environmental and physiological conditions. Such relative efficiencies have likely contributed to the success of this invader.
The impact on Iranian mothers and fathers who have children with an autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Samadi S. A. , McConkey R. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundTo date, most research with families who have a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been undertaken in English‐speaking countries. Increased levels of stress allied with poorer health have been commonly reported for mothers, with less attention paid to fathers. This study aimed to document the personal impact on Iranian mothers and fathers and identify the correlates of increased stress and poorer emotional well‐being.MethodIn all, 103 parents (58 mothers and 45 fathers) from 74 families who had a child with ASD volunteered to take part in the study. Each participant completed through interview, standardised rating scales of parenting stress, emotional well‐being and family functioning as well as rating their child's autistic symptoms, including stereotyped behaviours.ResultsMothers had significantly higher scores than fathers on measures of stress and emotional well‐being. Although these variables were highly correlated, binary logistic regression identified that the poorer health was also associated with lower educational levels of the parents, more behavioural problems with the child and fewer autistic symptoms overall. A similar regression analysis of stress scores identified no gender differences but found that lower stress was associated with mothers and fathers who were joint caregivers and when the family lived with relatives.ConclusionsIranian parents experience broadly similar responses to parents in other countries, which suggests that the impact of ASD outweighs any cultural differences that might otherwise be present in parental responses to caring for children. In common with families internationally, these parents are likely to benefit from opportunities to become better informed about ASD and the management of their child at home allied with increased support from families and friends.
Screening for cardiovascular disease risk factors at baseline and post intervention among adults with intellectual disabilities in an urbanised Asian society
Authors: Wee L. E. , Koh G. C‐H. , Auyong L. S. , Cheong A. , Myo T. T. , Lin J. , Lim E. , Tan S. , Sundaramurthy S. , Koh C. W. , Ramakrishnan P. , Aariyapillai‐Rajagopal R. , Vaidynathan‐Selvamuthu H. , Ma‐Ma K. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundAdults with intellectual disabilities (ID) face significant barriers to screening participation. We determined predictors for regular cardiovascular health screening at baseline among adults with ID in Singapore, and evaluated the effectiveness of a 3‐month screening intervention.MethodsThe study population involved all adults with ID aged ≥40 years receiving services from the Movement for the Intellectually Disabled of Singapore (MINDS), the largest such provider in Singapore. Over 3 months in 2011, adult clients not screened regularly at baseline for hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia were offered free and convenient blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipid testing; data on other cardiovascular disease risk factors were also collected. Chi‐square and logistic regression identified predictors of regular screening at baseline.ResultsParticipation was 95.0% (227/239). At baseline, among adults with ID, 61.8% (118/191), 24.8% (52/210) and 18.2% (34/187) had gone for regular hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia screening respectively; post intervention, rates rose to 96.9%, 89.5% and 88.8% respectively. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors (22.5% with hypertension, 10.6% with diabetes, 34.8% with dyslipidaemia, 10.7% obese and 90.6% lacking regular exercise) was high compared against the general population. While receiving residential services was associated with regular hypertension screening, receiving non‐residential services and being independently mobile were associated with regular participation in fasting blood tests (all P < 0.05).ConclusionCardiovascular disease risk factors are common among adults with ID and clinicians should proactively screen such populations. Provision of free and convenient screening for cardiovascular disease risk improved screening participation.
Multistage progressive evolution of rare osumilite‐bearing assemblages preserved in ultrahigh‐temperature granulites from In Ouzzal (Hoggar, Algeria)
Authors: Adjerid Z. , Godard G. , Ouzegane KH. , Kienast J.‐R. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractOsumilite is reported in Palaeoproterozoic Al–Mg‐rich granulites from the Khanfous area (Tekhamalt, In Ouzzal, Hoggar, Algeria). The main peak assemblages are osumilite + sapphirine + biotite + orthopyroxene + sillimanite and osumilite + orthopyroxene + sillimanite + quartz ± biotite (±K‐feldspar) in silica‐deficient and silica‐saturated granulites respectively. Osumilite coexists with F‐rich biotite (XF ≈ 0.6). The observed microstructures, the mass balance of metamorphic reactions and P–T pseudosections modelled for bulk‐rock and reaction‐microdomain compositions indicate a clockwise P–T metamorphic evolution at ultrahigh temperatures, without substantial post‐peak deformation. The peak P–T conditions recorded by the osumilite‐bearing assemblages are 8.5–9.0 kbar and 930–980 °C. During retrogression, osumilite was partially or totally replaced by fine‐grained pseudomorphs of cordierite + orthopyroxene + K‐feldspar + quartz at ~7 kbar and ~850 °C. This study confirms that osumilite can occur only in Mg‐rich metamorphic rocks that experienced ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism under anhydrous conditions. In the presence of a hydrous fluid, it is replaced, even at high temperatures, by cordierite‐bearing assemblages. This important feature explains the rarity of osumilite in granulite facies rocks and its common replacement by cordierite + orthopyroxene + K‐feldspar + quartz pseudomorphs. The peak conditions suggest that a delamination of the lithospheric mantle underneath the In Ouzzal crust brought the asthenosphere close to the Mohorovičić discontinuity.