bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial‐ethnic stratification in work–family arrangements among Black, Hispanic, and white couples
Authors: Pessin Léa , Pojman Elena Maria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis article builds on work–family scholarship to document racial‐ethnic variation in couples' work–family arrangements, that is, how couples respond to their work and family demands.BackgroundExisting research on the division of labor finds traditional gender norms continue to dictate how couples share paid and unpaid work in the United States. Yet, this narrative relies primarily on the structural conditions and cultural expectations of white and middle‐class women. Black and Hispanic women and men face different labor market opportunities and hold different cultural expectations about gendered responsibilities in families.MethodThe authors use the 2017–2019 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (https://psidonline.isr.umich.edu) and multi‐group latent‐class analysis to determine typical work–family arrangements for paid work, housework, and care work among U.S. different‐sex racially homogamous Black, Hispanic, and white couples, as well as how the prevalence of these arrangements vary across race‐ethnicity and life‐course stage.ResultsBlack, Hispanic, and white couples respond to their work–family demands through one of six work–family arrangements depending on how partners spend time in adult care, childcare, housework, and paid work. Childcare and paid work emerge as stratifying mechanisms of how couples spend their time. Specifically, racial‐ethnic differences in distribution across work–family arrangement are large and greatest when couples have young children.ImplicationsThis article provides support for a couple‐level and life‐course approach to explaining how couples spend their time in work and family domains across racial‐ethnic lines.
Personal trauma history and secondary traumatic stress in mental health professionals: A systematic review
Authors: Henderson Anita , Jewell Tom , Huang Xia , Simpson Alan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionCaring for those who have been traumatized can place mental health professionals at risk of secondary traumatic stress, particularly in those with their own experience of personal trauma.AimTo identify the prevalence of personal trauma history and secondary traumatic stress in mental health professionals and whether there is an association between these two variables in mental health professionals.MethodWe preregistered the review with PROSPERO (CRD42022322939) and followed PRISMA guidelines. Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINHAL were searched up until 17th August 2023. Articles were included if they assessed both personal trauma history and secondary traumatic stress in mental health professionals. Data on the prevalence and association between these variables were extracted. Quality assessment of included studies was conducted using an adapted form of the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale.ResultsA total of 23 studies were included. Prevalence of personal trauma history ranged from 19%–81%, secondary traumatic stress ranged from 19% to 70%. Eighteen studies reported on the association between personal trauma history and secondary traumatic stress, with 14 out of 18 studies finding a statistically significant positive relationship between these variables. The majority of studies were of fair methodological quality.DiscussionMental health professionals with a personal history of trauma are at heightened risk of suffering from secondary traumatic stress.Implications for PracticeTargeted support should be provided to professionals to prevent and/or address secondary traumatic stress in the workforce.
Ego‐planning‐guided multi‐graph convolutional network for heterogeneous agent trajectory prediction
Authors: Sheng Zihao , Huang Zilin , Chen Sikai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccurate prediction of the future trajectories of traffic agents is a critical aspect of autonomous vehicle navigation. However, most existing approaches focus on predicting trajectories from a static roadside perspective, ignoring the influence of autonomous vehicles’ future plans on neighboring traffic agents. To address this challenge, this paper introduces EPG‐MGCN, an ego‐planning‐guided multi‐graph convolutional network. EPG‐MGCN leverages graph convolutional networks and ego‐planning guidance to predict the trajectories of heterogeneous traffic agents near the ego vehicle. The model captures interactions through multiple graph topologies from four distinct perspectives: distance, visibility, ego planning, and category. Additionally, it encodes the ego vehicle's planning information via the planning graph and a planning‐guided prediction module. The model is evaluated on three challenging trajectory datasets: ApolloScape, nuScenes, and next generation simulation (NGSIM). Comparative evaluations against mainstream methods demonstrate its superior predictive capabilities and inference speed.
Linking physiology and demographics, non‐ocular pathology and pharmaceutical drug use to standard OCT measures of the inner retina: The PPP project
Authors: Trinh Matt , O. Kelly , La Melanie , Ly Angelica 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess the associations between physiology and demographics, non‐ocular pathology and pharmaceutical drug use against peri‐papillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (pRNFL T) and other optical coherence tomography (OCT) inner retinal measures in normal, healthy eyes.MethodsA retrospective, cross‐sectional study of 705 consecutive participants with bilateral normal, healthy optic nerves and maculae. PRNFL Ts, vertical cup/disc ratio (CDR), cup volume and macular ganglion cell layer‐inner plexiform layer (GCL‐IPL) Ts were extracted from Cirrus OCT scans, then regressed against predictor variables of participants' physiology and demographics (eye laterality, refraction, intraocular pressure [IOP], age, sex, race/ethnicity, etc.) and non‐ocular pathology and pharmaceutical drug use according to the World Health Organisation classifications. Associations were assessed for statistical significance (p < 0.05) and clinical significance (|β| > 95% limits of agreement for repeated measures).ResultsA multitude of non‐ocular pathology and pharmaceutical drug use were statistically and clinically significantly associated with deviations in standard OCT inner retinal measures, exceeding the magnitude of other factors such as age, IOP and race/ethnicity. Thinner inner retina and larger optic nerve cup measures were linked to use of systemic corticosteroids, sex hormones/modulators, presence of vasomotor/allergic rhinitis and other diseases and drugs (up to −29.3 [−49.88, −8.72] μm pRNFL T, 0.31 [0.07, 0.54] vertical CDR, 0.29 [0.03, 0.54] mm3 cup volume and −10.18 [−16.62, −3.74] μm macular GCL‐IPL T; all p < 0.05). Thicker inner retina and smaller optic nerve cup measures were diffusely associated with use of antineoplastic agents, presence of liver or urinary diseases and other diseases and drugs (up to 67.12 [64.92, 69.31] μm pRNFL T, −0.31 [−0.53, −0.09] vertical CDR, −0.06 [−0.11, 0] mm3 cup volume and 28.84 [14.51, 43.17] μm macular GCL‐IPL T; all p < 0.05).ConclusionThere are a multitude of systemic diseases and drugs associated with altered OCT inner retinal measures, with magnitudes far exceeding those of other factors such as age, IOP and race/ethnicity. These systemic factors should at least be considered during OCT assessments to ensure precise interpretation of normal versus pathological inner retinal health.
Endless loop tachycardia among patients with devices having advanced preventive algorithms: A case series and brief review
Authors: Bera Debabrata , Halder Antareep , Ray Adrita , Bhattacharyya Debdatta , Bhattacharyya Kuntal , Agarwal Kishan Kumar , Mukherjee Sanjeev S. , Majumder Suchit , Joshi Radhey Shyam , Choudhury Saroj Kumar , Kar Ayan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundEndless loop tachycardia (ELT) is the commonest pacemaker mediated tachycardia (PMT) encountered among patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Despite being enabled with various preventive algorithms, we encountered several cases having recurrent, long, and symptomatic ELT.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed consecutive device checkups at device clinic at a single center of eastern India between January 2019 to March 2023.ResultsThere were 20 cases of confirmed and sustained ELT among 4520 device checks. Although mostly benign, in two cases ELT led to clinical worsening in patients having left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Even with good ventricular function, ELT resulted in improper atrioventricular (AV) synchrony leading to disabling symptom in one case. The differentiation of ELT from sinus tachycardia and atrial tachycardia (AT) was not always easy. Magnet application is certainly useful to differentiate. The situations that provoked ELT in this study were—long AV delays, VIP (ventricular intrinsic preferences)/MVP (managed ventricular pacing), atrial non‐capture, atrial under/over sensing, premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)/couplets, premature atrial contractions (PAC) and slower ventriculo‐atrial (VA) conduction. Rate responsive shortening of post‐ventricular atrial refractory period (PVARP) also promoted its occurrence and hindered troubleshooting. When ELT occurred despite post‐PVC extension of PVARP, lowering the atrial sensitivity, switching to bipolar sensing and manual setting of longer PVARP after measuring VA conduction time were useful. “Rate responsive PVARP” had to be turned off in a few cases to prevent ELT. On the contrary, an over aggressive prolongation of PVARP led to repetitive non‐reentrant ventriculo‐atrial synchrony (RNRVAS) in two cases. Checking VA conduction during implantation and noninvasive program stimulation (NIPS) during follow up were useful to check the tendency for ELT.ConclusionClinically significant ELT is rare but not uncommon among devices having in‐built preventive algorithms. Manual adjustments are often useful to troubleshoot the same.
HHV‐8‐associated diseases in transplantation: A case report and narrative review focused on diagnosis and prevention
Authors: Kates Olivia S. , McDade Heather , Tinney Francis J. , Weeks‐Groh Sharon R. , Lurain Kathryn 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundHuman herpes virus 8 (HHV‐8) or Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is an opportunistic oncovirus that causes multiple pathologic entities.MethodsWe present a case of fatal HHV‐8‐associated multisystem illness with disseminated Kaposi sarcoma and HHV8‐associated lymphoproliferative disorder with systemic inflammation. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on HHV‐8 in transplantation with a goal of illuminating the spectrum of HHV‐8‐associated diseases in this vulnerable population, modes of disease transmission, and the potential role for donor and recipient screening.ResultsHHV‐8‐associated KS, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), and KSHV inflammatory cytokine disorder (KICS) may affect transplant recipients; with the exception of KS, these conditions are rare but carry high morbidity and mortality.ConclusionHHV‐8‐associated diseases have diverse and protean manifestations in transplant recipients, with potentially fatal outcomes. HHV‐8 seroprevalence among organ donors and the magnitude of risk for donor‐derived HHV‐8 infection or clinically significant disease remain unknown and require further study.
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The OsMYC2–JA feedback loop regulates diurnal flower‐opening time via cell wall loosening in rice
Authors: Zhu Xiaopei , Wang Mumei , Huang Zhen , Chen Minghao , Xu Peng , Liao Shitang , Gao Yannan , Zhao Yongzhen , Chen Huixuan , He Jiahui , Luo Yutong , Wei Xiaoying , Zhu Liya , Liu Chuanhe , Huang Jilei , Zhao Xinhui , Zhao Junliang , Zhang Zemin , Zhuang Chuxiong , Liu Zhenlan , Zhou Hai 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYDiurnal flower‐opening time (DFOT), the time of spikelet opening during the day, is an important trait for hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed production. Hybrids between indica and japonica rice varieties have strong heterosis, but the parental lines usually have different, nonoverlapping DFOTs. This reduces the success of hybrid seed production in crosses between indica and japonica subspecies, thus hindering the utilization of indica and japonica inter‐subspecies heterosis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating DFOT in rice. Here, we obtained japonica rice lines with a DFOT 1.5 h earlier than the wild type by overexpressing OsMYC2, a gene encoding a key transcription factor in the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway. OsMYC2 is activated by JA signaling and directly regulates the transcription of genes related to JA biosynthesis and cell wall metabolism. Overexpressing OsMYC2 led to significantly increased JA contents and decreased cellulose and hemicellulose contents in lodicule cells, as well as the softening of lodicule cell walls. This may facilitate the swelling of lodicules, resulting in early diurnal flower‐opening. These results suggest that the OsMYC2–JA feedback loop regulates DFOT in rice via cell wall remodeling. These findings shed light on the understanding of regulatory mechanism of the DFOT of plants, which should promote the development of indica and japonica varieties suitable for hybrid rice breeding.
Evolutionary and immune‐activating character analyses of NLR genes in algae suggest the ancient origin of plant intracellular immune receptors
Authors: Feng Xing‐Yu , Li Qian , Liu Yang , Zhang Yan‐Mei , Shao Zhu‐Qing 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYNucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) proteins are crucial intracellular immune receptors in plants, responsible for detecting invading pathogens and initiating defense responses. While previous studies on the evolution and function of NLR genes were mainly limited to land plants, the evolutionary trajectory and immune‐activating character of NLR genes in algae remain less explored. In this study, genome‐wide NLR gene analysis was conducted on 44 chlorophyte species across seven classes and seven charophyte species across five classes. A few but variable number of NLR genes, ranging from one to 20, were identified in five chlorophytes and three charophytes, whereas no NLR gene was identified from the remaining algal genomes. Compared with land plants, algal genomes possess fewer or usually no NLR genes, implying that the expansion of NLR genes in land plants can be attributed to their adaptation to the more complex terrestrial pathogen environments. Through phylogenetic analysis, domain composition analysis, and conserved motifs profiling of the NBS domain, we detected shared and lineage‐specific features between NLR genes in algae and land plants, supporting the common origin and continuous evolution of green plant NLR genes. Immune‐activation assays revealed that both TNL and RNL proteins from green algae can elicit hypersensitive responses in Nicotiana benthamiana, indicating the molecular basis for immune activation has emerged in the early evolutionary stage of different types of NLR proteins. In summary, the results from this study suggest that NLR proteins may have taken a role as intracellular immune receptors in the common ancestor of green plants.
Impact of a cell salvage device on blood transfusions to dogs undergoing surgery at a referral veterinary hospital
Authors: Comas Collgros Núria , Zapridis Vasilis , Godolphin Janet Diana , Bacon Nicholas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the number of homologous blood transfusions received by canine surgical patients after introducing a cell salvage device (CSD), trends in surgeries requiring blood transfusion, and the incidence of transfusion reactions.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingSingle referral hospital.AnimalsAll dogs having surgery at a single center (November 2015 to February 2021).InterventionsMedical records of dogs having surgical treatment, including those that received either an autologous or homologous blood transfusion, were reviewed. The surgical patients were the baseline population, and the 2 transfusion groups were compared within this population to analyze the trends.Main ResultsA total of 37 and 86 dogs received autologous and homologous blood transfusions, respectively. There was an upward trend in the number of total monthly blood transfusions. No significant increase in the monthly number of homologous transfusions was observed before or after acquisition of the CSD. There was also an upward trend in total monthly surgeries, including those with higher risks of hemorrhage. Dogs receiving homologous blood transfusions had a higher incidence of clinical signs consistent with transfusion reactions (6.98%).ConclusionsAn upward trend in autologous blood transfusions was seen with the introduction of a CSD. Hospitals with large surgical caseloads at high risk of hemorrhage may see a decreased need for outsourced blood products with the use of the CSD. The device can lead to a more responsible use of an increasingly scarce resource and decrease the risk of a blood transfusion reaction in dogs.
Effective removal of gadolinium with hemodialysis in a dog with severe acute on chronic kidney injury
Authors: Gordon Daniel S. , Langston Cathy E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the use of intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) to remove gadolinium (28.1 mg/kg dose) in a dog with severe kidney disease.Case SummaryA 12‐year‐old neutered female Yorkshire Terrier presented with severe acute‐on‐chronic kidney injury and concurrent neurological signs. The dog received extracorporeal therapy as part of management. Uremia improved after hemodialysis, but central nervous system signs persisted; therefore, a contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was performed, immediately followed by IHD. Two IHD treatments with a low‐flux dialyzer were performed 1.5 and 25.75 hours after administration of gadolinium, with almost complete removal of gadolinium. More than 96% of gadolinium was removed with a single treatment.New or Unique Information ProvidedExtracorporeal therapy is effective at removing gadolinium‐based chelated contrast agents and could be considered if magnetic resonance imaging is indicated in a patient with substantial kidney impairment. Alternatively, newer contrast agents that have been deemed safer in this patient population could be used.
Serial paired arterial and jugular venous point‐of‐care values in dogs undergoing manual basic life support
Authors: Hoehne Sabrina N. , Hopper Kate , Rezende Marlis L. , Borchers Angela , Epstein Steven E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate differences in point‐of‐care (POC) variables obtained from arterial and jugular venous blood in dogs undergoing manual basic life support (BLS) and report changes over time.DesignExperimental study.SettingSmall animal research facility.AnimalsTwenty‐four purpose‐bred research dogs.InterventionsDogs were anesthetized, and arterial catheters were placed before euthanasia. One minute after cardiopulmonary arrest, BLS consisting of manual chest compressions and ventilation delivered via endotracheal intubation, face mask, mouth‐to‐nose, or no ventilation was initiated. Paired arterial and jugular venous blood samples were obtained for POC testing before euthanasia (T0), at 3 minutes (T3), and at 6 minutes (T6) into BLS.Measurements and Main ResultsThe association of POC variables with arterial or venous sample type while controlling for type of ventilation and sampling timepoint was determined using a generalized linear mixed model. Variables obtained from arterial and venous blood samples were compared over time using repeated measures ANOVA or Friedman test. Pao2, anion gap, potassium, chloride, glucose concentration, and PCV were significantly higher in arterial blood samples compared with venous samples (P < 0.03). By T6, arterial glucose concentration, arterial and venous base excess, venous pH, and plasma lactate, potassium, creatinine, bicarbonate, and sodium concentrations were significantly increased, and arterial and venous Po2, ionized calcium concentration, PCV, and total plasma protein concentration were significantly decreased from T0 (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough statistically significant, arteriovenous differences and changes in POC blood variables during BLS were small and not clinically relevant over time. Given the challenges of arterial blood sampling, it may be reasonable to pursue venous blood sampling during CPR. Further studies in dogs undergoing BLS and advanced life support are needed to better understand the potential clinical role of POC testing during CPR.
Towards Turán's polynomial conjecture
Authors: Banerjee Pradipto , Kundu Amit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe revisit an old problem posed by P. Turán asking whether there exists an absolute constant such that if with , then there is a polynomial with and the sum of the absolute values of the coefficients of is less than or equal to such that the sum is irreducible over . In 1970, A. Schinzel obtained a partial answer establishing the existence of an for with where is the sum of the squares of the coefficients of . Schinzel's result was further refined by P. Banerjee and M. Filaseta in 2010, obtaining with an absolute implied constant. The main contribution of the current work lies in establishing the existence of for with a significantly improved upper bound on . For instance, our main result implies the existence of an explicit for with , where the implied constant is absolute.
Open charm production cross section from combined LHC experiments in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 5.02$$ TeV
Authors: Bierlich Christian , Wilkinson Jeremy , Sun Jiayin , Manca Giulia , de Cassagnac Raphael Granier , Otwinowski Jacek 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOpen charm production in proton–proton collisions represents an important tool to investigate some of the most fundamental aspects of quantum chromodynamics, from the partonic mechanisms of heavy-quark production to the process of heavy-quark hadronisation. Over the last decade, the measurement of the production cross sections of charm mesons and baryons in proton–proton (pp) collisions was at the centre of a wide experimental effort at the Large Hadron Collider. Thanks to the complementarity of the different experiments, the production of charm hadrons was measured over a wide transverse momentum region and in different rapidity ranges. In this paper, the measurements of the charm hadrons $$D^{0}$$

D
0

, $$D^{*+}$$

D

∗
+

, $$D^{+}$$

D
+

, $$D^{+}_{s}$$

D
s
+

, $$\Lambda _{c}^{+}$$

Λ

c

+

and $$\Xi _{c}^{0}$$

Ξ

c

0

performed by the ALICE, CMS and LHCb collaborations in pp collisions at the centre-of-mass energy $$\sqrt{s}=5.02$$

s

=
5.02

TeV are combined to determine the total charm quark production cross section $$\sigma _{c\bar{c}}$$

σ

c

c

¯

in a novel data-driven approach. The resulting total $$c\overline{c}$$

c

c
¯

cross section is $$\begin{aligned} \begin{aligned} \sigma _{c\overline{c}} ({\textrm{pp}},5.02\,{\textrm{TeV}}) ={}&8.34 \pm 0.22\mathrm { (stat.) } {}^{+0.37}_{-0.37} \mathrm { (syst.) } {}^{+0.36}_{-0.46} \mathrm { (extr.) } {}^{+0.68}_{-0} (\Omega _c) \,{\text {mb}}. \end{aligned} \end{aligned}$$

σ

c

c
¯

(
pp
,
5.02

TeV
)

=

8.34
±
0.22

(
stat
.
)

-
0.37

+
0.37

(
syst
.
)

-
0.46

+
0.36

(
extr
.
)

-
0

+
0.68

(

Ω
c

)

mb
.

The measured charm hadron distributions and corresponding cross sections are compared with the most recent theoretical calculations.