bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of FGL2/prothrombinase delays HCCLM6 xenograft tumour growth and decreases tumour angiogenesis
Authors: Liu Yanling , Xu Li , Zeng Qili , Wang Jingli , Wang Ming , Xi Dong , Wang Xiaojing , Yang Daofeng , Luo Xiaoping , Ning Qin 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundFibrinogen‐like protein 2 (FGL2), which directly generates thrombin from prothrombin without activation of the conventional coagulation cascade, was shown to be overexpressed in various human malignant tumours.AimsHerein, we aimed to investigate its expression pattern, biological function and mechanism of action in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsFGL2 expression and colocalization with fibrin was examined in 15 HCC tissues. FGL2 downregulation was performed by targeting microRNA in a HCCLM6 cell line in which FGL2 was highly expressed in xenografts of nude mice. The effects of FGL2 knockdown on tumour growth and angiogenesis were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Cytometric bead arrays were employed to identify FGL2‐regulated signalling pathways.ResultsFGL2 was overexpressed in HCC tissues and colocalized with fibrin deposition. Knockdown of FGL2 expression in HCCLM6 cells (hFGL2low HCCLM6) resulted in delayed xenografts tumour growth within an observation period of 42 days and decreased vascularization, which was accompanied by decreased phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK). In vitro hFGL2low HCCLM6 cells exhibited decreased proliferation without significant induction of apoptosis. Overexpression of FGL2 in HCCLM6 cells or addition of recombinant hFGL2 protein induced phosphorylation of p38‐MAPK and ERK1/2 involving protease‐activated receptors (PARs).activation.ConclusionsFGL2 contributes to HCC tumour growth and angiogenesis in a thrombin‐dependent manner, and downregulation of its expression might be of therapeutic significance in HCC.
Role of H2O in the formation of garnet coronas during near‐isobaric cooling of mafic granulites: the Tasiusarsuaq terrane, southern West Greenland
Authors: DZIGGEL A. , DIENER J. F. A. , STOLTZ N. B. , KOLB J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe Mesoarchaean Tasiusarsuaq terrane of southern West Greenland consists of Tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite gneisses and, locally, polymetamorphic mafic and ultramafic rocks. The terrane experienced medium‐pressure granulite facies conditions during M1A in the Neoarchean, resulting in the development of two‐pyroxene melanosome assemblages in mafic granulites containing garnet‐bearing leucosome. Reworking of these rocks during retrogression introduced garnet to the melanosome in the form of overgrowths, coronas and grain necklaces that separate the mafic minerals from plagioclase. NCFMASHTO pseudosection modelling constrains the peak metamorphism during M1A to ∼850 °C and 7.5 kbar at fluid‐saturated conditions. Following M1A, the rocks retained their M1A H2O content and became fluid‐undersaturated as they underwent near‐isobaric cooling to ∼700 °C and 6.5–7 kbar, prior to reworking during M1B. These low H2O contents allowed for the formation of garnet overgrowths and coronas during M1B. The stability of garnet is greatly increased to lower pressure and temperature in fluid‐absent, fluid‐undersaturated mafic rocks, indicating that fluid and melt loss during initial granulite facies metamorphism is essential for the introduction of garnet, and the formation of garnet coronas, during retrogression. The occurrence of garnet coronas is consistent with, but not unique to, near‐isobaric cooling paths.
Field Training for Rural Public Health Nurses
Authors: Allen Jane C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWith the expansion of public health nursing beyond cities into rural areas, leaders in nursing education early on recognized the need for additional training to prepare nurses for the rural experience. To this end, nursing faculty at Teachers College, Columbia University developed a pilot program designed to prepare nurses for work in rural areas. These leaders recognized the unique conditions confronting the rural public health nurse in her daily work, including distances to be covered, isolation, and the dearth of facilities for health work. The pilot program discussed in this reprint, published in The Public Health Nurse in 1925, describes the genesis of this project, and the collaborative relationship that was developed with Dutchess County, a rural county about 2 hours north of New York City, to provide practical experiences for students. The project included a series of lectures on rural health issues and rural nursing, as well as field work that included school nursing, and nursing care of special populations such as tuberculosis and maternal and child health, as well as experiences in population‐based nursing akin to what we think of as community development today.
A direct blood polymerase chain reaction approach for the determination of GP.Mur (Mi.III) and other Hil+ Miltenberger glycophorin variants
Authors: Hsu Kate , Lin Yen‐Chun , Chang Yu‐Cheng , Chan Yung‐Syu , Chao Hsueh‐Ping , Lee Ting‐Ying , Lin Marie 
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND: GP.Mur (Mi.III) is a glycophorin B‐A‐B hybrid sialoglycoprotein expressing several potent immunogens, including Mia, Mur, and Hil. GP.Mur is considered one of the most important red blood cell (RBC) phenotypes in blood banking in Southeast Asia. However, there are no antibodies commercially available for the screening of GP.Mur RBCs.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To develop a direct blood polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach for the screening of GP.Mur cells, we first confirmed the genomic sequence differences among four GP.Mur and three Mi(a–) samples by sequencing their GYP.Mur and GYPB genes. With these data, we designed PCR primers that best discriminate GYPB and GYP.Mur. Our primer design also allows the detection of other Hil+ glycophorin variants. We also constructed two plasmids—pGBi2i3 and pMiIIIi2i3—which serve as the negative and positive control DNA, respectively, for the PCR procedure. Additionally, we designed a control PCR to be run side by side with the typing PCR.RESULTS: Because of the high specificity of our primers, we found it unnecessary to extract DNA from blood samples for PCR. We have tested this PCR method on 379 fresh and frozen blood samples. The results were further validated by serology and DNA sequencing and were shown to be completely accurate in our hand. We also found that the rapid genotyping method—high‐resolution melting—can be a timesaving alternative for DNA sequencing.CONCLUSION: This direct blood PCR approach for determination of GP.Mur and related Hil+ phenotypes is reliable and economical and is expected to be useful for blood banking in Southeast Asia.
Transseptal Left Ventricular Lead Placement Using Snare Technique
Authors: WRIGHT GARY A. , TOMLINSON DAVID R. , LINES IAN , DAVIES EDWARD J. , HAYWOOD GUY A. 
Published: August 2012

Background:
Coronary sinus (CS) lead placement for cardiac resynchronization therapy has a failure rate of ∼5–10%. Here we describe a way of implanting an endocardial left ventricular (LV) lead via a transseptal puncture (TSP), using a GooseNeck snare and active fixation lead.
Methods:
Three male patients (67–83 years) with failed or extracted epicardial LV leads implanted via the CS had an endocardial LV lead implanted. TSP was performed via a femoral vein. The active fixation pacing lead was advanced to the right atrium from a subclavian vein. A GooseNeck snare was passed via the TSP sheath and used to grasp the tip of the pacing lead. The sheath, GooseNeck snare, and pacing lead tip were then passed to the left atrium by sliding the system up the TSP guidewire and across the interatrial septum before deflecting the lead to permit implantation in the left ventricle.
Results:
Successful implantation was performed in all patients with an LV implant time of 25–55 minutes.
Conclusion:
The use of a GooseNeck snare via a deflectable transseptal sheath represents a reliable alternative method for endocardial LV lead placement in patients with failed CS LV lead implantation. (PACE 2012; 35:1248–1252)
Supercath Safety Clampcath buttonhole creation: Complication of catheter breakage
Authors: Donnelly Sandra M. , Marticorena Rosa M. , Hunter Joyce , Goldstein Marc B. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe creation of buttonhole tracks with Supercath Safety Clampcath is a novel and simple technique that allows dull fistula needle insertions with relative ease and diminished pain. As greater experience with this procedure develops, new issues arise for consideration. We report an unexpected complication of Supercath Safety Clampcath catheter breakage that may be due to physical distortions as a result of its location in the antecubital fossa just proximal to the elbow joint. We present a review of our experience and a framework for the safe ongoing use of this device for creation of buttonholes in fistula for hemodialysis.
Same‐day discharge after laparoscopic hysterectomy
Authors: LASSEN PERNILLE DANNESKIOLD , MOELLER‐LARSEN HEDVIG , DE NULLY PIA 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe benefits of laparoscopic hysterectomy are well documented and include less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay and faster recovery. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of laparoscopic hysterectomy as an outpatient procedure. A total of 26 women regarded eligible for an accelerated approach were included. The mean duration of the operation was 40 min (range 23–60 min), with a blood loss of 50 mL (range 10–200 mL). Twenty‐three left the hospital the same day (88%). One woman required overnight hospitalization because of a port hematoma, while two stayed for reasons unrelated to the surgery. Three other women were referred with minor problems to an urgent clinic appointment within the first month. Overall, the women were satisfied with the procedure, with a mean rating of 9 of 10 possible points. Thus, outpatient laparoscopic hysterectomy appeared to be safe and well accepted by selected patients.
EvaluatingSKIas a candidate gene for non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate
Authors: Mangold Elisabeth , Reutter Heiko , León‐Cachón Rafael B. R. , Ludwig Kerstin U. , Herms Stefan , Chacón‐Camacho Óscar , Ortiz‐López Rocío , Paredes‐Zenteno Mario , Arizpe‐Cantú Abelardo , Muñoz‐Jiménez Sergio G. , Nowak Stefanie , Kramer Franz‐Josef , Wienker Thomas F. , Nöthen Markus M. , Knapp Michael , Rojas‐Martínez Augusto 
Published: August 2012

Non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common of all congenital malformations and has a multifactorial etiology. Findings in mice suggest that the v‐ski sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (SKI) gene is a candidate gene for orofacial clefting. In humans, a significant association between rs2843159 withinSKIandNSCL/Phas been reported in patients from the Philippines and South America. In the South American patients, the association was driven by the subgroup of patients with non‐syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO). Here we investigated the association with rs2843159 in a Mayan Mesoamerican population (172NSCL/Ppatients and 366 controls). In addition, we analyzed the phenotypic subgroupsNSCLOand non‐syndromic cleft of lip and palate (NSCLP). A trend towards association between rs2843159 andNSCL/Pwas observed in the Mayan cohort (P = 0.097), and we found a stronger association in theNSCLPsubgroup (P = 0.072) despite a limited sample size. To investigate whether other common variants within theSKIgene contribute toNSCL/Psusceptibility in European and Asian populations, we also analyzed genotypic data from two recent genome‐wide association studies using set‐based statistical approaches. These analyses detected a trend toward association in the European population. Our data provide limited support for the hypothesis that commonSKIvariants are susceptibility factors forNSCL/P.
Prevalence, severity, and clinical determinants of oral impacts in older people in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Erić Jelena , Stančić Ivica , Tihaček‐Šojić Ljiljana , Kulić Ljiljana , Popovac Aleksandra , Tsakos Georgios 
Published: August 2012

This study aimed to assess the prevalence and the severity of oral impacts and the relationships between oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and clinical measures of oral function in a sample of older adults in Bosnia. The sample comprised 261 community‐dwelling adults of ≥65 yr of age. Participants were randomly drawn from three senior day‐centres for elderly people. Data were collected using clinical examination and a questionnaire. The OHRQoL was assessed through the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) measure, in terms of the prevalence, intensity, and extent of oral impacts. Overall, 55.2% reported at least one oral impact in the last 6 months. Difficulty eating (43.3%) and difficulty speaking (34.1%) were the most common impacts. These were also the most severely affected performances, while ‘going out’ and ‘enjoying the contact of other people’ were the least severe. A higher number of natural teeth, natural occluding pairs, and anterior and posterior occluding pairs were all significantly associated with a lower prevalence of oral impacts and correlated with the OIDP score, even after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. The prevalence of oral impacts was high and there was a strong and consistent association between OHRQoL and clinical dental indicators of function.
Preschool children born moderately preterm have increased waist circumference at two years of age despite low body mass index
Authors: Roswall J , Karlsson A‐K , Allvin K , Tangen G Almqvist , Bergman S , Niklasson A , Alm B , Dahlgren J 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAim:  To investigate the development of waist circumference (WC) in preschool children born preterm compared with a population‐based reference.Background:  Children born preterm are reported to be insulin resistant, despite being lean during early childhood. We hypothesize that the mechanism is through increased visceral adiposity.Methods:  Data from 4446 preschool children (2169 girls/2277 boys) born in 2001–2006 from a population‐based study were compared with longitudinal measurements of body mass index (BMI) and WC from a cohort of 152 children (64 girls/88 boys) born moderately preterm in 2002–2004 (gestational age, 32–37 weeks).Results:  In the preterm children, the mean WC was 2.8 cm larger compared with the reference group (p < 0.001) at 2 years of age but not at 5 years of age. There was no significant difference in the mean BMI at 2 years of age. The preterm group was significantly leaner at 5 years of age, with a mean BMI of 15.13 compared with 15.98 in the reference group (p < 0.001).Conclusion:  Children born moderately preterm present as lean during early childhood but have an increased waist circumference in infancy, pointing towards a change in fat distribution with more abdominal fat. This may have implications for their metabolic status.
Dissecting Maize Productivity: Ideotypes Associated with Grain Yield under Drought Stress and Well‐watered Conditions
Authors: Cairns Jill E. , Sanchez Ciro , Vargas Mateo , Ordoñez Raziel , Araus Jose Luis 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTo increase maize (Zea mays L.) yields in drought‐prone environments and offset predicted maize yield losses under future climates, the development of improved breeding pipelines using a multi‐disciplinary approach is essential. Elucidating key growth processes will provide opportunities to improve drought breeding progress through the identification of key phenotypic traits, ideotypes, and donors. In this study, we tested a large set of tropical and subtropical maize inbreds and single cross hybrids under reproductive stage drought stress and well‐watered conditions. Patterns of biomass production, senescence, and plant water status were measured throughout the crop cycle. Under drought stress, early biomass production prior to anthesis was important for inbred yield, while delayed senescence was important for hybrid yield. Under well‐watered conditions, the ability to maintain a high biomass throughout the growing cycle was crucial for inbred yield, while a stay‐green pattern was important for hybrid yield. While new quantitative phenotyping tools such as spectral reflectance (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) allowed for the characterization of growth and senescence patterns as well as yield, qualitative measurements of canopy senescence were also found to be associated with grain yield.
Optimization of the landfill leachate treatment by the Fenton process
Authors: Vilar Almudena , Eiroa Marta , Kennes Christian , Veiga Maria C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe Fenton process was used with the objective of improving the biodegradability of the leachate pretreated biologically up to a value compatible with a subsequent biological treatment. The optimum reaction and settlement pH was 3, both for the organic matter removal and for the improvement of the biodegradability. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal increased at increasing Fe2+ dosages, from 75.6% for 300 mg/L to 89.0% for 1400 mg/L. The most significant enhancement (84.8%) was obtained with 800 mg Fe2+/L. However, the biological oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand ratio (BOD/COD) was almost the same at all the Fe2+ dosages, around 0.29. Moreover, varying the H2O2 concentration between 600 and 3600 mg/L, COD removal percentages were between 85.9 and 89.0%. However, the BOD/COD ratio increased at increasing H2O2 dosage up to 3000 mg/L, from 0.12 at 600 mg/L to 0.29 at 3000 mg/L.
Meeting the challenges of medical countermeasure development
Authors: Maher Carmen , Hu‐Primmer Jean , MacGill Tracy , Courtney Brooke , Borio Luciana 
Published: August 2012

SummaryDespite substantial investments since the events of 2001, much work remains to prepare the nation for a chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) attack or to respond to an emerging infectious disease threat. Following a 2010 review of the US Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise, FDA launched its Medical Countermeasures initiative (MCMi) to facilitate the development and availability of medical products to counter CBRN and emerging disease threats. As a regulatory agency, FDA has a unique and critical part to play in this national undertaking. Using a three‐pillar approach, FDA is addressing key challenges associated with the regulatory review process for medical countermeasures; gaps in regulatory science for MCM development and evaluation; and issues related to the legal, regulatory and policy framework for an effective public health response. Filling the gaps in the MCM Enterprise is a huge national undertaking, requiring the collaboration of all stakeholders, including federal partners, current and prospective developers of medical countermeasures, relevant research organizations, and state and local responders. Especially critical to success are an appreciation of the long timelines, risks and high costs associated with developing medical countermeasures – and the systems to deliver them – and the requisite support of all stakeholders, including national leadership.
DONORS SELF‐REPORTED EXPERIENCES OF LIVE KIDNEY DONATION—A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Lennerling Annette , Forsberg Anna 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYMany reports on living kidney donation describe rapid recovery. In our experience rehabilitation is rather slow. This study aimed to explore self‐reported health status among living donors (LDs) three to four weeks and six months post‐donation with a longitudinal design. In this study. LDs (n = 112) reported their physical and mental health by responding to a questionnaire before surgery, after three to four weeks and after six months. Points could range from 1 (normal) to 5 (severe trouble), total score 7–35. Age (n = 112) was 50 years (median) and 52% were females. Before surgery, the total score was 9 (7–21). After three to four weeks, the score was 15 (7–31), with a rise in all measured variables. Women noted higher score rises than men (p= 0.01). The majority showed complete recovery after six months. It is clear that professional nursing support in the recuperation period is needed. Nursing interventions should aim at preventing delay and setbacks in the donors’ recovery process.
Exposure history of glass and breccia phases of lunar meteorite EET87521
Authors: Eugster O. , Thalmann Ch. , Albrecht A. , Herzog G. F. , Delaney J. S. , Klein J. , Middleton R. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract— Glass‐rich separates were prepared from a sample of the basaltic lunar meteorite EET87521 rich in dark glass. Noble gas isotopic abundances and 26Al and 10Be activities were measured to find out whether shock effects associated with lunar launch helped to assemble these phases. Similar 10Be and 26Al activities indicate that all materials in EET87521 had a common exposure history in the last few million years before launch. However, the glass contains much higher concentrations of trapped gases and records a much longer cosmic‐ray exposure, 100 Ma–150 Ma, in the lunar regolith than does the bulk sample. The different histories show that the glass existed long before the ejection of EET87521. The trapped 40Ar/36Ar ratio of 1.6 ± 0.1 implies that the lunar exposure that produced most of the stable cosmogenic noble gases began 500 Ma ago.Cosmogenic and trapped noble gas components correlate strongly in various temperature‐release fractions and phases of EET87521, which is probably because the glass contains most of the gas. The trapped solar ratios, 20Ne/22Ne = 12.68 ± 0.20 and 36Ar/38Ar = 5.24 ± 0.05 can be understood as resulting from a mixture consisting of ∼60% solar wind and 40% solar energetic particles (SEP). All EET87521 phases show a 40K‐40Ar gas retention age of ∼3300 Ma, which is in the range of typical lunar mare basalts.
The Wold Cottage meteorite: Not just any ordinary chondrite
Authors: PILLINGER C. T. , PILLINGER J. M. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract— The Wold Cottage meteorite (fell, 1795), as is well known, played an important part in meteorites being accepted as stones from the sky. In most cases, the very select group of people who have been privileged to witness any meteorite fall, let alone one as important as Wold Cottage, enjoy a moment's fame but then disappear into obscurity. In this respect, Wold Cottage is very different; Edward Topham, the man who reported the fall and who became the meteorite's publicist, was already very well known for many other reasons. This fact contributed substantially to the evidence provided by his workmen being accepted, following two public exhibitions of the meteorite, the second after sworn testimonies were obtained. Here we explore Topham's background in order to reveal his character, particularly the value he placed on truth. When he passed the meteorite over to a public museum, he did so in the belief that he was acting for the benefit of posterity. At a time when the idea of meteorites being extraterrestrial was still controversial, the Wold Cottage stone vitally prompted the observation that specimens from different parts of the globe closely resembled each other, thus stimulating the crucial chemical analyses which verified that they were indeed related. During its first twenty years on Earth, the Wold Cottage meteorite was a prized specimen, a public attraction and sought after for scientific teaching purposes.In researching Wold Cottage, we have been able to discover information about many of the personalities who were involved in providing and studying the first few meteorites to become available for scientific research. The Wold Cottage story gives an interesting perspective on the cultural scene at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries when there was no clear distinction between the arts and sciences, and meteoritics was the prerogative of often rather flamboyant gentlemen.