bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational Design of Human Hair Keratin−Driven Proteins for Hair Growth Promotion
Authors: Zhang Haojie , Qing Rui , Li Wenfeng , Yuan Yuhan , Pan Yinping , Tang Ni , Huang Qiulan , Wang Bochu , Hao Shilei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractKeratins, the most abundant proteins in human hair, are excellent hair nutrients for growth. However, the complex components of keratin extract hinder their mechanism investigation, and the pure recombinant keratin with poor solubility limited its hair growth promotion efficiency. Here, the water−soluble recombinant keratins (RKs) of K31 and K81 are rationally designed through QTY Code methodology, which are then used to fabricate the microneedles to study the effect of keratin on hair growth. Interestingly, it is discovered that more than 40% of the hair follicles (HFs) in the RK81QTY group entered the anagen on day 12 and the diameter of new hair is 15.10 ± 2.45 µm, which significantly promoted growth and development of HFs and improved new hair quality compared to RK31QTY. Water‐soluble RKs significantly enhanced HFs activity and de novo regeneration of robust hairs compared to extract and minoxidil by upregulating the PI3K/AKT/Nf−κB signaling axis. These findings highlight the potential of designing solubilized recombinant keratins with distinct properties to improve therapeutical effects and open new avenues to designing keratin−based proteins.
Melanin‐Like Nanomedicine Functions as a Novel RPE Ferroptosis Inhibitor to Ameliorate Retinal Degeneration and Visual Impairment in Dry Age‐Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Huang Keke , Deng Haoyue , Wang Shuang , Zhang Fuxiao , Huang Ge , Wang Lu , Liu Jianyu , Zhao Xuli , Ren Hui , Yang Guang , Lin Zhiqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFerrous ion accumulation and lethal oxidative stress mediate irreversible retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell ferroptosis and subsequent photoreceptor degeneration, a potential key pathogenic factor in the onset of dry age‐related macular degeneration (dAMD), causing irreversible vision loss in the global elderly population. However, currently, no effective interventional treatment strategy exists in clinical practice. Herein, lesion site‐targeted melanin‐like nanoparticles, named ConA‐MelNPs, are designed as a novel ferroptosis inhibitor for retinal degenerative diseases. ConA‐MelNPs possessed chelating iron ion characteristics, alleviating severe mitochondrial damage caused by oxidative stress and protecting RPE cells from ferroptosis induced by sodium iodate (NaIO3). In a preclinical dAMD mouse model, a single intravitreal injection of ConA‐MelNPs yielded significant responses in electroretinograms and visually‐driven optomotor responses in visually impaired mice, resisting the challenge posed by secondary NaIO3‐induced injuries, with the long‐term sustainability of its therapeutic effect. Mechanistically, ConA‐MelNPs achieve a therapeutic effect by interrupting the detrimental cascade involving “RPE cell ferroptosis, lethal oxidative stress, and microglial proinflammatory activation,” affording the restoration of retinal homeostasis. The synthesized ConA‐MelNPs demonstrated good biosafety, with no detected ophthalmic or systemic side effects. Collectively, ConA‐MelNPs are proposed as a promising therapeutic option for atrophic retinal diseases such as dAMD.
Room‐Temperature Magneto‐Photoresponse in All‐2D Optoelectronic Devices for In‐Sensor Vision Systems
Authors: Zhu Wenxuan , Sun Jiacheng , Wang Yuyan , Li Yuankun , Bai Hua , Wang Qian , Han Lei , Zhang Qingtian , Wu Huaqiang , Song Cheng , Pan Feng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInterplay between magnetism and photoelectric properties introduces the effective control of photoresponse in optoelectronic devices via magnetic field, termed as magneto‐photoresponse. It enriches the application scenarios and shows potential to construct in‐sensor vision systems for artificial intelligence with gate‐free architecture. However, achieving a simultaneous existence of room‐temperature magnetism and notable photoelectric properties in semiconductors is a great challenge. Here, the room‐temperature magneto‐photoresponse is accomplished in all‐2D optoelectronic devices, employing 2D ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2 as the source and drain, with WSe2 forming the channel. The interplay between room‐temperature magnetism and photoelectric properties is realized by introducing the unique magneto‐band structure effect from 2D interface, resulting in magneto‐tunable charge transfer between Fe3GaTe2 and WSe2. The photocurrent in this 2D optoelectronic device exhibits robust response to both the direction and amplitude of external magnetic fields. Utilizing constructed 2D optoelectronic devices with magneto‐photoresponse, traditional gate‐controlled phototransistors are replaced and a prototype in‐sensor vision system with visual adaptation, significantly improving the recognition accuracy to over four times in low‐contrast environments is established. These findings pave a way for achieving high‐temperature magneto‐photoresponse, thereby guiding the construction of robust in‐sensor vision systems toward high performance and broad applications.
Highly Conductive and Stretchable Hydrogel Nanocomposite Using Whiskered Gold Nanosheets for Soft Bioelectronics
Authors: Lim Chaehong , Lee Seunghwan , Kang Hyejeong , Cho Ye Seul , Yeom Da‐Hae , Sunwoo Sung‐Hyuk , Park Chansul , Nam Seonghyeon , Kim Jeong Hyun , Lee Seung‐Pyo , Kim Dae‐Hyeong , Hyeon Taeghwan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe low electrical conductivity of conductive hydrogels limits their applications as soft conductors in bioelectronics. This low conductivity originates from the high water content of hydrogels, which impedes facile carrier transport between conductive fillers. This study presents a highly conductive and stretchable hydrogel nanocomposite comprising whiskered gold nanosheets. A dry network of whiskered gold nanosheets is fabricated and then incorporated into the wet hydrogel matrices. The whiskered gold nanosheets preserve their tight interconnection in hydrogels despite the high water content, providing a high‐quality percolation network even under stretched states. Regardless of the type of hydrogel matrix, the gold‐hydrogel nanocomposites exhibit a conductivity of ≈520 S cm−1 and a stretchability of ≈300% without requiring a dehydration process. The conductivity reaches a maximum of ≈3304 S cm−1 when the density of the dry gold network is controlled. A gold‐adhesive hydrogel nanocomposite, which can achieve conformal adhesion to moving organ surfaces, is fabricated for bioelectronics demonstrations. The adhesive hydrogel electrode outperforms elastomer‐based electrodes in in vivo epicardial electrogram recording, epicardial pacing, and sciatic nerve stimulation.
Toughening Ceramic Joints through Strategic Fracture Path Control
Authors: Feng Jian , Herrmann Marion , Hurtado Antonio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCeramic‐on‐ceramic joints are notorious for their inherent brittleness, posing challenges for high‐performance applications. To address this, a novel approach is proposed to enhance the involvement of filler metals during fracture. This study investigates the controlled initiation and propagation of cracks in Al2O3–Al2O3 joints through a strategic combination of laser pre‐cracking, laser patterning, and laser active brazing techniques. By introducing pre‐cracking and African daisy‐like patterning, crack propagation dynamics are altered, with cracks initially confined within pre‐crack regions before navigating through pattern intrusions. Additionally, laser active brazing effectively managed titanium diffusion, optimizing interface strength control. Evaluation via SEVNB tests demonstrated a significant enhancement in fracture toughness, achieving maximal 25.6 ± 4.6 MPa·m0.5 compared to ≈3–5 MPa·m0.5 for alumina ribbons. This integrated approach offers precise control over fracture paths, thereby augmenting the performance of ceramic‐on‐ceramic joints, and holds promise for advancing their applications in demanding environments.
Frequency‐Locked Wireless Multifunctional Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors
Authors: Bo Luyu , Li Jiali , Wang Zhide , Qiu Chongpeng , Cai Bowen , Du Yingshan , Li Teng , Liu Hongye , Tian Zhenhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSurface acoustic waves (SAWs) have shown great potential for developing sensors for structural health monitoring (SHM) and lab‐on‐a‐chip (LOC) applications. Existing SAW sensors mainly rely on measuring the frequency shifts of high‐frequency (e.g., >0.1 GHz) resonance peaks. This study presents frequency‐locked wireless multifunctional SAW sensors that enable multiple wireless sensing functions, including strain sensing, temperature measurement, water presence detection, and vibration sensing. These sensors leverage SAW resonators on piezoelectric chips, inductive coupling‐based wireless power transmission, and, particularly, a frequency‐locked wireless sensing mechanism that works at low frequencies (e.g., <0.1 GHz). This mechanism locks the input frequency on the slope of a sensor's reflection spectrum and monitors the reflection signal's amplitude change induced by the changes of sensing parameters. The proof‐of‐concept experiments show that these wireless sensors can operate in a low‐power active mode for on‐demand wireless strain measurement, temperature sensing, and water presence detection. Moreover, these sensors can operate in a power‐free passive mode for vibration sensing, with results that agree well with laser vibrometer measurements. It is anticipated that the designs and mechanisms of the frequency‐locked wireless SAW sensors will inspire researchers to develop future wireless multifunctional sensors for SHM and LOC applications.
Catalyst‐Free Transformation of Carbon Dioxide to Small Organic Compounds in Water Microdroplets Nebulized by Different Gases
Authors: Mehrgardi Masoud A. , Mofidfar Mohammad , Li Jia , Chamberlayne Christian F. , Lynch Stephen R. , Zare Richard N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA straightforward nebulized spray system is designed to explore the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) within water microdroplets surrounded by different gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, and compressed air. The collected droplets are analyzed using water‐suppressed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Formate anion (HCOO−), acetate anion (CH3COO−), ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH), and methane (CH4) are detected when water is nebulized. This pattern persisted when the water is saturated with CO2, indicating that CO2 in the nebulizing gas triggers the formation of these small organics. In a pure CO2 atmosphere, the formate anion concentration is determined to be ≈70 µm, referenced to dimethyl sulfoxide, which has been introduced as an internal standard in the collected water droplets. This study highlights the power of water microdroplets to initiate unexpected chemistry for the transformation of CO2 to small organic compounds.
Agglomerate Engineering to Boost PEM Water Electrolyzer Performance
Authors: Zhao Congfan , Yuan Shu , Cheng Xiaojing , Shen Shuiyun , Zhan Ninghua , Wu Rui , Mei Xiaohan , Wang Qian , An Lu , Yan Xiaohui , Zhang Junliang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDensely packed IrOx‐ionomer agglomerates play a crucial role in the high mass transport resistance inside the anode catalyst layer (ACL), which in turn greatly affects the electrolysis performance at high current density. Therefore, agglomerate engineering for PEMWE is proposed in this work to enhance the oxygen transport process inside ACLs. Using self‐assembling nanotechnology, tightly packed primary aggregates are avoided and introduce the interconnected submicron pores and nanocavities into the catalyst‐ionomer agglomerate, confirmed by synchrotron radiation‐based nano‐CT, TEM, and BET. Such agglomerate engineering results in the enhancement of both dissolved oxygen and oxygen bubble transport inside the ACL confirmed by RDE tests and in‐situ bubble visualization. As a result, the mass transport overpotential is significantly reduced from 330 to 30 mV at 5 A cm−2 in PEMWE, optimized Ohmic resistance and catalyst utilization are also observed. Finally, high operating current density is achieved, i.e., 5 A cm−2 @2.04 V with Nafion 115 membrane and 7 A cm−2 @ 2.07 V with Nafion 212 membrane, under a low catalyst loading of 0.72 mgIr cm−2. This study proves the importance and feasibility of agglomerate engineering in further elevating the performance of PEMWE.
Exploring the Thermal and Ionic Transport of Cu+ Conducting Argyrodite Cu7PSe6
Authors: Ghata Anupama , Bernges Tim , Maus Oliver , Wankmiller Björn , Naik Aakash Ashok , Bustamante Joana , Gaultois Michael W. , Delaire Olivier , Hansen Michael Ryan , George Janine , Zeier Wolfgang G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the origin of low thermal conductivities in ionic conductors is essential for improving their thermoelectric efficiency, although accompanying high ionic conduction may present challenges for maintaining thermoelectric device integrity. This study investigates the thermal and ionic transport in Cu7PSe6, aiming to elucidate their fundamental origins and correlation with the structural and dynamic properties. Through a comprehensive approach including various characterization techniques and computational analyses, it is demonstrated that the low thermal conductivity in Cu7PSe6 arises from structural complexity, variations in bond strengths, and high lattice anharmonicity, leading to pronounced diffuson transport of heat and fast ionic conduction. It is found that upon increasing the temperature, the ionic conductivity increases significantly in Cu7PSe6, whereas the thermal conductivity remains nearly constant, revealing no direct correlation between ionic and thermal transport. This absence of direct influence suggests innovative design strategies in thermoelectric applications to enhance stability by diminishing ionic conduction, while maintaining low thermal conductivity, thereby linking the domains of solid‐state ionics and thermoelectrics. Thus, this study attempts to clarify the fundamental principles governing thermal and ionic transport in Cu+‐superionic conductors, similar to recent findings in Ag+ argyrodites.
In Situ Polymerized Flame‐Retardant Crosslinked Quasi Solid‐State Electrolytes for High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Jixiao , Li Chunyue , Yao Yutong , Li Zhangling , Yao Jiaozhi , Luo Lingpeng , Liao Weili , Ye Xing , Dai Wenming , Li Fei , Zhang Xiaokun , Xiang Yong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe construction of poly‐dioxolane (PDOL) solid‐state electrolytes by in situ polymerization is an effective way to achieve high performance lithium‐metal batteries. However, the poor electrochemical stability and safety issues of linear PDOL limit their further application. In this work, a multifunctional crosslinker has been introduced to construct a flame retardant crosslinked quasi solid‐state electrolyte (FCDOL). Due to the synergistic effect of the crosslinked network, the prepared FCDOL achieves excellent room temperature ionic conductivity (0.72 mS cm−1), high Li+ transference number (0.655), wide electrochemical stabilization window (4.8 V vs Li/Li+), and impressive performance when matched with lithium metal anodes (>4000 h plating/stripping) and high‐voltage cathodes, and the corresponding pouch cells can withstand abusive tests such as bending and cutting, encouraging that in situ polymerization of SPEs provides new insights into high‐energy density and high‐safety solid‐state batteries.
Exercise and training in sickle cell disease: Safety, potential benefits, and recommendations
Authors: Connes Philippe , Stauffer Emeric , Liem Robert I. , Nader Elie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder characterized by complex pathophysiological mechanisms leading to vaso‐occlusive crisis, chronic pain, chronic hemolytic anemia, and vascular complications, which require considerations for exercise and physical activity. This review aims to elucidate the safety, potential benefits, and recommendations regarding exercise and training in individuals with SCD. SCD patients are characterized by decreased exercise capacity and tolerance. Acute intense exercise may be accompanied by biological changes (acidosis, increased oxidative stress, and dehydration) that could increase the risk of red blood cell sickling and acute clinical complications. However, recent findings suggest that controlled exercise training is safe and well tolerated by SCD patients and could confer benefits in disease management. Regular endurance exercises of submaximal intensity or exercise interventions incorporating resistance training have been shown to improve cardiorespiratory and muscle function in SCD, which may improve quality of life. Recommendations for exercise prescription in SCD should be based on accurate clinical and functional evaluations, taking into account disease phenotype and cardiorespiratory status at rest and in response to exercise. Exercise programs should include gradual progression, incorporating adequate warm‐up, cool‐down, and hydration strategies. Exercise training represents promising therapeutic strategy in the management of SCD. It is now time to move through the investigation of long‐term biological, physiological, and clinical effects of regular physical activity in SCD patients.
Proteomic analyses reveal plasma EFEMP1 and CXCL12 as biomarkers and determinants of neurodegeneration
Authors: Duggan Michael R. , Yang Zhijian , Cui Yuhan , Dark Heather E. , Wen Junhao , Erus Guray , Hohman Timothy J. , Chen Jingsha , Lewis Alexandria , Moghekar Abhay , Coresh Josef , Resnick Susan M. , Davatzikos Christos , Walker Keenan A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPlasma proteomic analyses of unique brain atrophy patterns may illuminate peripheral drivers of neurodegeneration and identify novel biomarkers for predicting clinically relevant outcomes.METHODSWe identified proteomic signatures associated with machine learning‐derived aging‐ and Alzheimer's disease (AD) ‐related brain atrophy patterns in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (n = 815). Using data from five cohorts, we examined whether candidate proteins were associated with AD endophenotypes and long‐term dementia risk.RESULTSPlasma proteins associated with distinct patterns of age‐ and AD‐related atrophy were also associated with plasma/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers, cognition, AD risk, as well as mid‐life (20‐year) and late‐life (8‐year) dementia risk. EFEMP1 and CXCL12 showed the most consistent associations across cohorts and were mechanistically implicated as determinants of brain structure using genetic methods, including Mendelian randomization.DISCUSSIONOur findings reveal plasma proteomic signatures of unique aging‐ and AD‐related brain atrophy patterns and implicate EFEMP1 and CXCL12 as important molecular drivers of neurodegeneration.Highlights
Plasma proteomic signatures are associated with unique patterns of brain atrophy.
Brain atrophy‐related proteins predict clinically relevant outcomes across cohorts.
Genetic variation underlying plasma EFEMP1 and CXCL12 influences brain structure.
EFEMP1 and CXCL12 may be important molecular drivers of neurodegeneration.
Whole exome sequencing analyses identified novel genes for Alzheimer's disease and related dementia
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Ru , Wu Bang‐Sheng , Chen Shi‐Dong , Yang Liu , Deng Yue‐Ting , Guo Yu , Wu Xin‐Rui , Liu Wei‐Shi , Kang Ju‐Jiao , Feng Jian‐Feng , Cheng Wei , Yu Jin‐Tai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe heritability of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is estimated to be 58%–79%. However, known genes can only partially explain the heritability.METHODSHere, we conducted gene‐based exome‐wide association study (ExWAS) of rare variants and single‐variant ExWAS of common variants, utilizing data of 54,569 clinically diagnosed/proxy AD and related dementia (ADRD) and 295,421 controls from the UK Biobank.RESULTSGene‐based ExWAS identified 11 genes predicting a higher ADRD risk, including five novel ones, namely FRMD8, DDX1, DNMT3L, MORC1, and TGM2, along with six previously reported ones, SORL1, GRN, PSEN1, ABCA7, GBA, and ADAM10. Single‐variant ExWAS identified two ADRD‐associated novel genes, SLCO1C1 and NDNF. The identified genes were predominantly enriched in amyloid‐β process pathways, microglia, and brain regions like hippocampus. The druggability evidence suggests that DDX1, DNMT3L, TGM2, SLCO1C1, and NDNF could be effective drug targets.DISCUSSIONOur study contributes to the current body of evidence on the genetic etiology of ADRD.Highlights
Gene‐based analyses of rare variants identified five novel genes for Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD), including FRMD8, DDX1, DNMT3L, MORC1, and TGM2.
Single‐variant analyses of common variants identified two novel genes for ADRD, including SLCO1C1 and NDNF.
The identified genes were predominantly enriched in amyloid‐β process pathways, microglia, and brain regions like hippocampus.
DDX1, DNMT3L, TGM2, SLCO1C1, and NDNF could be effective drug targets.
The Impact of Supersaturated Electrode on Heterogeneous Lithium Nucleation and Growth Dynamics
Authors: Park Jimin , In Jung Ji , Ha Son , Hyun Kim Do , Jang Hyun‐Seok , Hoon Kim Byung , Lim Hyung‐Kyu , Jin Hyoung‐Joon , Soo Yun Young 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe concept of a lithiophilic electrode proves inadequate in describing carbon‐based electrode materials due to their substantial mismatch in surface energy with lithium metal. However, their notable capacity for lithium chemisorption can increase active lithium concentration required for nucleation and growth, thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance of lithium metal anodes (LMAs). In this study, we elucidate the effects of the supersaturated electrode which has high active lithium capacity around equilibrium lithium potential on LMAs through an in‐depth electrochemical comparison using two distinct carbon electrode platforms with differing carbon structures but similar two‐dimensional morphologies. In the supersaturated electrode, both the dynamics and thermodynamic states involved in lithium nucleation and growth mechanisms are significantly improved, particularly under continuous current supply conditions. Furthermore, the chemical structures of the solid‐electrolyte‐interface layers (SEIs) are greatly influenced by the elevated surface lithium concentration environment, resulting in the formation of more conductive lithium‐rich SEI layers. The improved dynamics and thermodynamics of surface lithium, coupled with the formation of enhanced SEI layers, contribute to higher power capabilities, enhanced Coulombic efficiencies, and improved cycling performances of LMAs. These results provide new insight into understanding the enhancements in heterogeneous lithium nucleation and growth kinetics on the supersaturated electrode.