bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart health champions: how to develop student nurses as role models for cardiovascular health
Authors: Creighton L , Caughers G , Fitzsimons D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Nurses as health promotors are optimally placed to identify cardiovascular disease risk factors and discuss behaviour change strategies for modifiable risk factors, but most undergraduate curriculums lack detailed content regarding these topics. Unfortunately evidence indicates that student nurses often demonstrate risky behaviours such as smoking, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption and poor nutritional choices. As nursing is a pressurised career with long shifts and often challenging emotional encounters, it can be easy to overlook personal health behaviours.

Purpose
Given that nursing students are our potential health promotors of the future, we aimed to enhance cardiovascular knowledge and behaviour change awareness in their undergraduate education by implementing a co-designed digital educational resource - ASMOSUS. It sought to embed knowledge and risk assessment of cardiovascular disease risk factors, while motivating and sustaining behaviour change within undergraduates, facilitating them to make healthier lifestyle choices themselves and act as role models for patients. We developed roles of ‘Heart Health Champions’ within university and clinical placements, which is novel for both clinical practice and Higher Education Institutes.

Methods
Any nursing student who had received the ASMOSUS digital educational resource in the first semester of their undergraduate program and had an interest in further knowledge acquisition and health promotion amongst their peers were invited to become a Heart Health Champion. Alongside the recruitment of Heart Health Champions the cohort received cardiovascular risk factor specific educational sessions on physical exercise, smoking and vaping cessation, nutrition and alcohol consumption.

Results
We recruited 9 Heart Health Champions from the cohort representing all fields of undergraduate nursing. These students have undertaken 30 hours of required participation, leading to a university recognised qualification- FutureReady on graduation. This included attending cardiac risk and prevention training with cardiac rehabilitation nurses. They have taken the initiative to plan activities such as a sponsored walk, a ‘dancercise' class and support for their peers in harnessing healthy lifestyle behaviours through role modelling and motivational interviewing techniques. Results demonstrate that these sessions and student led activities are well attended and positively evaluated, which shows that including cardiovascular prevention techniques in undergraduates is feasible and acceptable.

Conclusion
Heart Health Champions are a valuable asset and can promote modifiable risk factor change amongst their peers and may help to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Further Heart Health Champions will be recruited over the next undergraduate nursing cohorts with a planned study to explore their effectiveness.
Importance of key stakeholder communication in the implementation of an in-hospital digital medical translation application for heart surgery patients: a qualitative study
Authors: Lie I , Rokeness S , Skredsvig K , Johannsen N , Lindsjorn K E , Hasle C H , Nes L S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background/Introduction
The scientific and clinical communities are inundated with health applications designed for testing and/or implementation to support and enhance clinical practice. However, there is a deficiency in studies concentrating on vital factors such as stakeholder involvement to ensure the successful implementation of such applications.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of key stakeholders involved in the process leading to the implementation of a digital medical translation tool designed for in-hospital use with heart surgery patients who speak minority languages.

Methods
In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide through digital (i.e., Zoom) interviews in June 2023. The data collected was analyzed using NVivo software, following Braun and Clarke´s six-step thematic analysis process.

Results
Five stakeholders participated in the interviews, including representatives from the Regional Health Authorities Information Technology partner and the project leader, and representatives from the company responsible for the digital medical translation tool. All with major stakes in such an in-hospital application implementation process.
Four main themes with corresponding quotations emerged from the analysis, pointing to the need for: i) Qualified stakeholders: Stakeholders who possessed the knowledge of "what to do and when" played a crucial role in the process. ii) Communication between stakeholders: Effective communication between stakeholders was deemed essential for optimizing the process at the required pace, with an emphasis on collaborative efforts by "working as partners to enhance services for minority-speaking patients". iii) Requirement specification for procurement: The importance of "detailed and clear quality requirements in the procurement process to select the best clinical translation tool", was highlighted. iv) Clinical practice foundation: "Expert nurses from the hospital setting and medical doctor from the company adjusted the translation tool" was pointed to as necessary to suit clinical practice needs.

Conclusions
Key stakeholders involved in the implementation of a medical translation tool for minority-speaking patients within a hospital setting pointed to four vital aspects for successfully implementing a digital medical translation tool in-hospital care. Effective communication among stakeholders was seen to inspire and improve the working process. Having qualified stakeholders was vital for ensuring quality requirements and establishing a solid clinical foundation during the application implementation.
Production of an introperative safety list in interventional cardiology. From pilot project to clinical practice guidelines hospital
Authors: Faraci A , Grimaudo R , Messana D , Corrado E , Adorno A , Evola S , Novo G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The safety list was created to respond to two complexities: the first is the fallibility of human memory and attention; The second is the tendency to skip some operations even when remembering that they should be performed: not all operations in the supply chain of a process are always considered important so the shortcut is taken, motivated by the fact that nothing has ever happened so far. Safety in Interventional Cardiology laboratories is characterized by the intrinsic complexity that characterizes all interventional procedures, even the simplest ones: complexity due to the number of people and professionals involved, the acute and/or serious conditions of the patients, the amount of information required, the urgency with which the processes must be performed, the high technological and high level of specialization and the multiplicity of critical points of the processes that can cause serious harm to patients. For this reason, an intraoperative safety list for interventional cardiology has been designed and drawn up.

Aim
In view of Law no. 24 of 8 March 2017, a provision on the safety of care and the assisted person, it was necessary to have a document aimed at: improving the quality and safety of surgical interventions and interventional/structural procedures, dissemination of recommendations and safety standards aimed at strengthening pre- intra and post-operative processes, Implementation of safety standards through the application of the safety list, adapting it to the characteristics of your organization.

Materials and methods
The trial phase began in 2021 and was tested on about 800 patients, in 2022 on about 900 patients. The safety list has been designed to combine an intraoperative "check list" with a "nursing card", collecting information relating to the individual people assisted, in order to promote continuity and personalization of care, represents a resource for research on nursing care, for the analysis of care complexity and allows the traceability of the actions carried out.

Results and conclusions
After years of constant reviews and updates with the collaboration of the Risk Management and Quality staff, the safety list has become a fundamental part of the work of the operating room, supporting both system and individual changes, strengthening standards for safety and communication processes, counteracting possible failure factors, having been included in the hospital Guidelines on the management of patients undergoing surgery.
Family dynamics and relationships while living with heart disease
Authors: Holmbom M , Andreasson F , Grundstrom H , Bernild C , Rotvig C , Norekval T M , Kikkenborg Berg S , Stromberg A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
When an adult within a family is diagnosed with heart disease, it influences the whole family. Family members might be concerned about the well-being and prognosis of the affected adult, while the affected adult may fear becoming a burden to the family. When having heart disease lifestyle adjustments are necessary and these changes can cause disruption within the family. To understand the holistic impact of living with heart disease, it is important to integrate the perspectives of all family members and analyze the dynamics of their relationships. Addressing this knowledge gap, can enable more precise and effective support measures for families navigating this challenging situation.

Purpose
To describe how family life and relationships are affected when an adult is affected by heart disease.

Methods
This was a qualitative semi-structured individual interview study, conducted in Scandinavia in 2019 to 2022. In all, 28 families from three university hospitals were included. Inclusion criteria were families with an adult who was diagnosed with ischemic heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, heart valve disease or cardiac arrest who had an adolescent living at home. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis with an inductive and latent approach.

Results
Three themes emerged. 1) "Transitioning family dynamics" explored the consequences of altered family structures due to heart disease, impacting communication patterns and responsibilities. Some families adopted collective strategies, fostering unity and a supportive environment. In contrast, other families exhibited varied coping strategies, leading to diverse communication patterns and opinions. Family diversity presented both advantages, fostering understanding, and challenges, potentially causing misunderstandings and conflicts. 2) "Family bonding" highlighted how pre-existing family relationships influenced the experience of dealing with a family member's heart disease. Strong pre-existing bonds facilitated a smoother recovery process compared to families with unresolved issues, serving as a valuable support system during challenging times. 3) "Becoming different as a family" underscored the disappointment arising from a family member's heart disease affecting the family. The disease's physical invisibility added complexity, challenging the maintenance of normalcy and creating a distinct detached feeling. This distinctiveness extended beyond observable routine changes, influencing emotional dynamics. The constant need for adjustments formed a unique family identity, evolving relationships beyond typical familial connections.

Conclusion
Families affected by heart disease handle this in various ways. Open communication and establishing a robust network of support emerged as crucial elements in helping families overcoming the multifaceted challenges associated with living with heart disease.
Exploring reasons for (non)participation in a tele-yoga intervention
Authors: Klompstra L , Stromberg A , Jaarsma T , Owelius L , Thylen I 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Studies evaluating digital health technologies can be characterized by selective participation.

Purpose
We examined the reasons of (non)participation in a digital yoga study of patients with a long-term illness (80% heart failure) and the association with age and sex.

Methods
Reasons for exclusion of screened patients and for declining participation in invited patients were registered throughout the study. Differences in age and sex between patients that were eligible but declined to participate and patients included in the tele-yoga study were analysed using Student T-test and Fisher exact test.

Results
Of 3033 patients screened, 1401 patients (46%) were eligible for inclusion. Based on chart review and screening interviews, reasons for exclusion were not being in a stable condition to perform yoga (n=727, 24%), unable to complete questionnaires (n=176, 6%), not hospitalised in the last 3-36 months (n=66, 2%) and having a short life expectancy (n=42, 1%). Of 1401 eligible patients, 311 patients (n=22%) signed informed consent and were included. The main reasons for declining to participate were having no time for the intervention (n=294, 21%), not having the energy (n=150, 11%), and disliking or having doubts about yoga (n=147, 10%). Only 45 patients (3%) had doubts related to the technology as a reason not to participate (n=45, 3%). There were no age or sex differences between patients that were eligible, but declined to participate and those participating (67±13 vs. 66±12 years and 70% vs. 70% male, p=0.18 and p=0.52, respectively).

Conclusions
Results indicate that the tele-yoga study had a representative sample of patients with a long-term condition (80% heart failure) based on age and sex. As in many trials involving long-term illnesses, invited patients did not have time or energy to participate. One in ten where sceptical towards yoga but very few declined the digital format of the intervention.
A review of methods of age estimation based on postmortem computed tomography
Authors: Barszcz Marta , Woźniak Krzysztof Jerzy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Age at death is one of the key elements of the “biological profile” prepared when analysing unidentified human remains. Biological age is determined according to physiological indicators and developmental stage, which can be determined by bone assessment. It is worth remembering that the researcher must interpret each case individually and in accordance with the current state of knowledge. One of the most developed tools for analysing human remains is postmortem computed tomography. This allows for the visualization not only of bones without maceration but also of the entire body under various altered states, including corpses in advanced stages of decomposition and burnt bodies. The aim of this review is to present the current methods for age estimation based on postmortem computed tomography evaluation, comparing the results presented in 18 research projects published between 2013 and 2023 on foetuses, children, and adults from contemporary populations. Recent literature includes assessment of bones and characteristics such as skulls, teeth, vertebrae, pelvises, and long bones to estimate age at death. We cover the methods used in this recent literature, including machine learning, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of them.

Key points
Molecular Insights into the Low Complexity Secreted Venom of Calliactis polypus
Authors: Smith Hayden L , Broszczak Daniel A , Bryan Scott E , Norton Raymond S , Prentis Peter J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sea anemones are venomous animals that rely on their venom for prey capture, defense against predators, and intraspecific competition. Currently, comprehensive molecular and evolutionary analyses of the toxin repertoire for sea anemones are limited by a lack of proteomic data for most species. In this study, proteo-transcriptomic analysis was used to expand our knowledge of the proteinaceous components of sea anemone venom by determining the secreted venom proteome of Calliactis polypus. Electromechanical stimulation was used to obtain the secreted venom of C. polypus. We identified a low complexity proteome that was dominated by toxins with similarity to known neurotoxins, as well as six novel toxin candidates. The novel putative toxin candidates were found to be taxonomically restricted to species from the superfamily Metridioidea. Furthermore, the secreted venom of C. polypus had only three putative toxins in common with the venom of acontia from the same species and little similarity with the secreted venom of closely related species. Overall, this demonstrates that regionalized and lineage-specific variability in toxin abundance is common among sea anemone species. Moreover, the limited complexity of the toxin repertoire found in C. polypus supports the idea that peptide neurotoxins make up the dominant toxin arsenal found in the venom of sea anemones.
The cost of inaction: a global tool to inform nutrition policy and investment decisions on global nutrition targets
Authors: Jain Sakshi , Ahsan Sameen , Robb Zachary , Crowley Brett , Walters Dylan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
At present, the world is off-track to meet the World Health Assembly global nutrition targets for 2025. Reducing the prevalence of stunting and low birthweight (LBW) in children, and anaemia in women, and increasing breastfeeding rates are among the prioritized global nutrition targets for all countries. Governments and development partners need evidence-based data to understand the true costs and consequences of policy decisions and investments. Yet there is an evidence gap on the health, human capital, and economic costs of inaction on preventing undernutrition for most countries. The Cost of Inaction tool and expanded Cost of Not Breastfeeding tool provide country-specific data to help address the gaps. Every year undernutrition leads to 1.3 million cases of preventable child and maternal deaths globally. In children, stunting results in the largest economic burden yearly at US$548 billion (0.7% of global gross national income [GNI]), followed by US$507 billion for suboptimal breastfeeding (0.6% of GNI), US$344 billion (0.3% of GNI) for LBW and US$161 billion (0.2% of GNI) for anaemia in children. Anaemia in women of reproductive age (WRA) costs US$113 billion (0.1% of GNI) globally in current income losses. Accounting for overlap in stunting, suboptimal breastfeeding and LBW, the analysis estimates that preventable undernutrition cumulatively costs the world at least US$761 billion per year, or US$2.1 billion per day. The variation in the regional and country-level estimates reflects the contextual drivers of undernutrition. In the lead-up to the renewed World Health Assembly targets and Sustainable Development Goals for 2030, the data generated from these tools are powerful information for advocates, governments and development partners to inform policy decisions and investments into high-impact low-cost nutrition interventions. The costs of inaction on undernutrition continue to be substantial, and serious coordinated action on the global nutrition targets is needed to yield the significant positive human capital and economic benefits from investing in nutrition.
Sustainability and life cycle analyzes of different biofuel from municipal solid waste processes: an effective environmental guidance
Authors: Hou Lixia , Basem Ali , Shami Hayder Oleiwi , Sabri Laith S , Farqad Rand Otbah , Abdul Hussein Abbas Hameed , Alhaidry Wesam Abed A L Hassan , Idan Ameer Hassan , Fooladi Hadi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The refining of biowaste into biofuels, particularly focusing on the organic fraction-municipal solid waste (OF-MSW), remains nascent and is influenced by factors such as energy requirements, microbial effectiveness, and structural design. This article presents a sustainable and thorough framework for evaluating the environmental behavior associated with diverse biofuel from OF-MSW conversion methodologies. The evaluation considers three different pre-treatment methods (acetone organosolv, hot water, and acidic pre-treatment), several fermentation techniques (including ethanol fermentation and ABE-F (acetone/butanol/ethanol fermentation)), and acidic or enzymatic hydrolysis approaches. Furthermore, the environmental analysis utilizes the life cycle analysis (LCA) approach. Within this framework, a consequential LCA is implemented, which includes process development to address the issue of multi-functionality and the use of marginal processes for designing foundational processes. The biofuels produced, ethanol and butanol, are analyzed for their environmental impact. To discern the varying and combined effects, methodologies for sensitivity analysis and single score evaluations have been established. Research outcomes suggest that the acetone–ethanol–butanol fermentation scenario does not provide an optimal environmental outcome due to its inability to offset the environmental impacts through the benefits derived from the byproducts. Among the scenarios examined, Scenario SC-IV emerged as the most environmentally beneficial, showing significant net environmental savings including decrements of −854.55 PDF m−2 (potentially disappeared fraction, annually), −253.74 kg CO2.eq per 1000 kg of OF-MSW, and − 3290 MJ per 1000 kg of OF-MSW treated.
Mapping medication selling practices at nonpharmacy outlets during the COVID-19 pandemic: an example of Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Yosi Irawati , Yana I Gusti Agung Ari Kusuma , Sari Gusti Ayu Putu Laksmi Puspa , Brata Cecilia , Sunderland Bruce , Setiadi Adji Prayitno 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Nonpharmacy outlets are common medication suppliers in Indonesia, yet little is known regarding their practices. This study aimed to evaluate the medication selling practices occurring in kiosks and minimarkets during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods
A cross-sectional study included all minimarkets (N = 101) and a convenience sample of kiosks (a minimum sample size, N = 67) in District X, Indonesia. A validated tool was used to collect data on the characteristics of kiosks/minimarkets and their medication selling practices (i.e. drug management and drug information).

Key findings
A sample of 67 kiosks and 52 minimarkets (response rate 51.5%) consented to participate in this study. Kiosks and minimarkets generally stocked nonprescription drugs, particularly cough and/or common cold products or analgesic-antipyretics; while &gt;90% of kiosks and 15.4% of minimarkets provided prescription medicines. Medications in kiosks and minimarkets were mainly obtained from pharmacies (94.0% vs. 17.0%, respectively) or pharmaceutical wholesale representatives (68.7% vs. 96.0%, respectively). Most minimarkets or kiosks satisfied drug storage standards (100.0% vs. 88.1%, respectively). During the previous week, &gt;80% of kiosks and minimarkets reported purchases of nonprescription drugs, and approximately 5% reported sales of prescription drugs. No drug information was provided by kiosk or minimarket staff.

Conclusions
Minimarkets and kiosks may improve access to basic medications, but no information is provided regarding their use. These outlets should be licensed and policed to ensure the range and quality of drugs, and information provided to the Indonesian community is appropriate.