bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating a Discriminative Classifier into Phrase-based and Hierarchical Decoding
Authors: Tamchyna Aleš , Braune Fabienne , Fraser Alexander , Carpuat Marine , Daumé iii Hal , Quirk Chris 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Current state-of-the-art statistical machine translation (SMT) relies on simple feature functions which make independence assumptions at the level of phrases or hierarchical rules. However, it is well-known that discriminative models can benefit from rich features extracted from the source sentence context outside of the applied phrase or hierarchical rule, which is available at decoding time. We present a framework for the open-source decoder Moses that allows discriminative models over source context to easily be trained on a large number of examples and then be included as feature functions in decoding.
Productive verb prefixation patterns
Authors: Hlaváčová Jaroslava , Nedoluzhko Anna 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The paper discusses a set of verbal prefixes which, when added to a verb together with a reflexive morpheme, change the verb’s meaning always in the same manner. The prefixes form a sequence according to the degree of intensity with which they modify the verbal action. We present the process of verb intensification in three Slavic languages, namely Czech, Slovak and Russian.
Preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer: a comparative study of quality control adherence at two cancer hospitals in Spain and Poland
Authors: Fundowicz Magdalena , Macia Miguel , Marin Susanna , Bogusz-Czerniewicz Marta , Konstanty Ewelina , Modolel Ignaci , Malicki Julian , Guedea Ferran 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Background. We performed a clinical audit of preoperative rectal cancer treatment at two European radiotherapy centres (Poland and Spain). The aim was to independently verify adherence to a selection of indicators of treatment quality and to identify any notable inter-institutional differences.
Methods. A total of 162 patients, in Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) 68 and in Greater Poland Cancer Centre (GPCC) 94, diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer and treated with preoperative radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy were included in retrospective study. A total of 7 quality control measures were evaluated: waiting time, multidisciplinary treatment approach, portal verification, in vivo dosimetry, informed consent, guidelines for diagnostics and therapy, and patient monitoring during treatment.
Results. Several differences were observed. Waiting time from pathomorphological diagnosis to initial consultation was 31 (ICO) vs. 8 (GPCC) days. Waiting time from the first visit to the beginning of the treatment was twice as long at the ICO. At the ICO, 82% of patient experienced treatment interruptions. The protocol for portal verification was the same at both institutions. In vivo dosimetry is not used for this treatment localization at the ICO. The ICO utilizes locally-developed guidelines for diagnostics and therapy, while the GPCC is currently developing its own guidelines.
Conclusions. An independent external clinical audit is an excellent approach to identifying and resolving deficiencies in quality control procedures. We identified several procedures amenable to improvement. Both institutions have since implemented changes to improve quality standards. We believe that all radiotherapy centres should perform a comprehensive clinical audit to identify and rectify deficiencies.
Slovenian experience from diagnostic angiography to interventional radiology
Authors: Pavcnik Dusan 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Background. The purpose of writing this article is to document the important events and people in the first 50 years of diagnostic angiography and interventional radiology in Slovenia. During this period not only did the name of the institutions and departments change, but also its governance.
Conclusions. This depicted the important roles different people played at various times in the cardiovascular divisions inside and outside of the diagnostic and interventional radiology. Historical data show that Slovenian radiology has relatively immediately introduced the new methods of interventional radiology in clinical practice
The Three Pillars Of Conservative Treatment Of Scoliosis – Case Report
Authors: Rusek Wojciech , Pop Teresa , Glista Joanna , Szczygielska Dorota 
Published: May 2014

Streszczenie
Wstęp: S kolioza, p otocznie n azywana b ocznym s krzywieniem k ręgosłupa w rzeczywistości jest zniekształceniem przestrzennym, którego przyczyny nie są dokładnie znane. Wnikliwa diagnostyka stanowi podstawę prawidłowego rozpoznania skolioz i wdrożenia właściwego postępowania usprawniającego. Celem pracy było przedstawienie efektów leczenia zachowawczego pacjenta ze skoliozą, opartego na trzech filarach terapii z uwzględnieniem wczesnej diagnostyki.
Opis przypadku: Pacjent W.P. lat 12, płci męskiej, od 2008 roku był pod opieką lekarską i systematycznie wykonywał ćwiczenia zespołowe, bez efektu korekcyjnego. W lutym 2009r. pacjent po wcześniejszej diagnostyce RTG został przyjęty do leczenia zachowawczego. Wprowadzono ćwiczenia wg indywidualnie przygotowanego programu ćwiczeń korekcyjnych, który początkowo składał się z 3 ćwiczeń na odcinek piersiowy, a następnie po uzupełnieniu diagnostyki, również z 2 ćwiczeń na odcinek lędźwiowy. Każde z ćwiczeń wykonywano 50 razy w ciągu dnia, w 3 seriach. Pacjent zobowiązany był również do noszenia gorsetu korekcyjnego typu Cheneau kilkanaście godzin w ciągu doby.
Wyniki: Wprowadzone ćwiczenia na odcinek piersiowy kręgosłupa spowodowały redukcję kąta skrzywienia z 25 stopni (luty 2009r.) do 14 stopni (październik 2010r.). W odcinku lędźwiowym kręgosłupa terapię rozpoczęto po trzech miesiącach leczenia (brak wcześniejszej diagnostyki tego odcinka kręgosłupa) i uzyskano korekcję skrzywienia o 11 stopni z 23 stopni (maj 2009r.) do 12 stopni (październik 2010r.).
Wnioski: W analizowanym przypadku zastosowane ćwiczenia i sposób postępowania wpłynęły na zmniejszenie deformacji kręgosłupa. Niepełna wstępna diagnostyka wydłużyła czas leczenia i obciążyła badanego dodatkowymi projekcjami RTG
The specificity of injuries in Paralympics sport
Authors: Molik Bartosz , Marszałek Jolanta 
Published: May 2014

Streszczenie
Wstęp: Współczesny ruch paraolimpijski (Paralympics) obejmuje swoim działaniem osoby z dysfunkcjami narządu ruchu, porażeniem mózgowym, niewidome i słabowidzące, a także osoby z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w stopniu lekkim. Do jednych z zagrożeń sportu paraolimpijskiego można zaliczyć urazy sportowe. Uraz jest nieodłącznym elementem sportu pełno- i niepełnosprawnych. Rolą ekspertów jest eliminowanie każdego ryzyka z nim związanego. Celem pracy była charakterystyka urazów występujących w sporcie paraolimpijskim.
Materiał i metody: Dokonano przeglądu literatury polskiej i zagranicznej poświeconej problematyce urazów sportowych w różnych dyscyplinach paraolimpijskich.
Wyniki: Przegląd badań wskazuje na powszechność występowania zjawiska niemalże we wszystkich dyscyplinach paraolimpijskich. Wyniki potwierdzają, że paraolimpijczycy, podobnie jak olimpijczycy, są narażeni na urazy sportowe, aczkolwiek w większości urazy sportowe nie są związane z długotrwałą rekonwalescencją. W sporcie paraolimpijskim dominują drobne urazy, których konsekwencją jest przerwa w treningach nieprzekraczająca 7 dni. Badania potwierdzają tendencję zmniejszania się liczby urazów w dyscyplinach na wózkach, co związane jest najprawdopodobniej ze zmianą przepisów gry oraz postępem technologicznym.
Wnioski: Krytyczne spojrzenie na problem urazów w sporcie niepełnosprawnych potwierdza brak wprowadzania nowych metod badawczych. Większość badań została przeprowadzona w latach 90. XX wieku, a nieliczne publikacje z ostatniego dziesięciolecia zazwyczaj potwierdzają wcześniejsze doniesienia. Konieczne jest również sprecyzowanie metod prewencji i określenie mechanizmów urazów sportowych.
The Use Of Geoinformation In Land Acquisition For Road Developments
Authors: Kazak Jan , Szewrański Szymon 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The development of new areas is associated with costs that partly burden public budgets. One example of such costs is the necessity of purchasing land for the construction of public roads. Geoinformation can be used to forecast such costs. In the era of transformation, the land administration system and transition from traditional (raster) data to an electronic (vector) version opens new possibilities for the use of geoinformation. Modern systems must satisfy certain requirements set out by the recipient as well as by legislation, on both the European and national level. They must also be powered by expertise gained in accordance with good practice. In this case, a property appraiser is the source of such information.. The study presents the possibility of using the CommunityViz system for forecasting the financial consequences of adopting the local plan for the area Jagodno II in Wroclaw. The paper also presents the possibility of using the results of the calculations during public consultations.
Simulation Modeling Concept Of Property Market Transactions
Authors: Cellmer Radosław , Szczepankowska Katarzyna 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The real estate market is a specific and imperfect field of research, and its complex structure and the presence of information gaps necessitate the use of advanced analytical tools. One such tool is simulation modeling, which has a variety of practical applications and can be used to model real-life systems characterized by a high degree of complexity and a high share of random components. In this paper, virtual data was used to simulate transactions on the local real estate market. Simulation tools were applied to generate additional information about transactions, their spatial distribution and transaction prices. The applicability of the iterative Monte Carlo approach with a standard regression model and a spatial regression model was evaluated.
The Geography of Self-Representation: Orientalism in Ernest Hemingway’S the Sun also Rises
Authors: Borcău Mădălina 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper will deal with the problematics of cultural self-representation in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises. I shall approach this theme by applying concepts from Edward Said’s Orientalism and Jean Baudrillard’s America to Hemingway’s novel and discussing the limitations of such theories which - it will be argued - oversimplify the issue by reducing it to an opposition between ‘Self’ and ‘Otherness’.
Issues of media education of the USA and Canada in the information society
Authors: Holovchenko Hlib 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
The experience of different countries concerning the formation of preconditions for the development of the information society has been considered. The consequences of “totalitarian” model during the transition to open democratic civil society and the role of education and educators in this process have been defined on the example of Russia, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia.
The introduction of media education on the example of the U.S. and Canada as development of society and civilized economy has been substantiated. Didactic information space (DIS) - a unique educational technology, which was elaborated by scientists in the Mykolaiv College of Press and Television - has been characterized. It has proven to be the most efficient technology in the former Soviet Union that considers civic, social, educational direction, taking into account the information society. It has been determined that for further research it will be interesting to study interrelation between the need to obtain simultaneously a huge amount of experience - understanding European values, the next stage of human development (transition from industrial to information), the acquisition of democratic thinking, understanding of civil society - and the public acquisition of media literacy skills through the widespread introduction of media education.
There exists the need of simultaneous acquisition of knowledge and skills that makes the process complicated. In addition, none of the considered aspects are taught in any school discipline and unfortunately they are submitted only in several universities of Ukraine. But there is a positive experimental experience of Mykolaiv College of Press and Television through the interrelation of classroom and extracurricular activities.
Analysis of national and foreign specialized sport education for senior pupils
Authors: Rebryna Anatoliy 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
There has been theoretically substantiated the topicality of the specialized learning of the senior pupils of secondary educational institutions. There has been revealed the essence of specialized learning as of one of the leading forms of educational process organization in a modern school, which in its goal remains between a secondary and vocational education, providing a functional interrelation and succession between them. There has been presented a substantial analysis of state documents and curricula in physical training for senior pupils of national and foreign sports oriented secondary schools. A retrospective analysis of pedagogical literature and Internet resources in the issues of incepting ideas of pupils’ specialized differentiation of learning has been conducted. It has been found out that personal direction of the sports oriented educational process envisages the wholesome system approach to each pupil’s choice of a sports specialization profile, its content, means and forms of educational and extracurricular physical culture and health-improving activity, taking into account the age and individual peculiarities, locomotive and creative aptitudes to the chosen specialization profile. The work of physical training teachers of sports oriented specialized grades has been analyzed. The importance of taking into account the level of knowledge, pupils’ physical fitness, their interests, aptitudes and skills for defining and studying the components of the elective module has been stressed.
It has been found out that a physical education curriculum for the 10-11th grades’ pupils of sports oriented secondary educational establishments can’t approve a strictly defined number of hours for the determination of these or other constituent modules. Each school in accordance with the chosen learning specialization profile may create its own applied physical training curriculum for senior pupils.
Pprofessional and labor socialization of orphans in China
Authors: Kalashnyk Lyubov 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
It has been defined that the problem of labor socialization of young specialists is a problem of great interest and practical importance for modern pedagogical science. Current issues of professional socialization of young people have been considered. Special attention has been paid to orphans - inmates of institutions of social care in China. It has been determined that labor education throughout the history was considered to play the primary role among all kinds of educational work with young people both in classical and modern China. The experience of China as to the problem mentioned has been characterized. Special attention has been paid to the issues which play a practical role both in motivating orphans to professional and labor search (holding “weeks of professions”, participation in daily work as to maintaining the orphanage, caring for youngsters and olds, work in gardens and workshops located on the territory of orphanage etc.) and the society to taking care of orphans (patronage and guarding from factories and plants, granting jobs’ quotas for orphanages’ graduates, making production areas on the territories of the orphanages etc.). It has been found out that adequate labor and professional socialization of orphans in China is considered to be an important part of public campaigns aimed at making staff reserve for different plants and factories (especially with hard or harmful working conditions), law enforcement agencies and agriculture. It has been defined that appropriate level of labor and professional socialization of orphans in China is seen by the State as an essential condition of their full integration into modern Chinese society.
Sanctioning Large-Scale Domestic Cannabis Production - Potency, Yield, and Professionalism
Authors: Moeller K. , Lindholst C. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Domestically cultivated cannabis, referred to as sinsemilla, constitutes a growing share of the illicit drug markets in the Scandinavian countries. In this study we present forensic evidence of THC content in sinsemilla and resin confiscated by the Danish police from 2008 to 2012. The purpose is to establish a mean potency, a yield estimate for professionally grown plants, and an assessment of how „professionalism” applies to domestic cultivation. We find a mean THC content in our sample normally distributed around 12% for sinsemilla (n=35) and 11.7% for resin (n=99). This is markedly higher than the assumption of THC content in sinsemilla between 6-8% as is currently applied in Norway and Sweden. It is also higher than the previous estimate of resin potency. The yield in sinsemilla plants is found to be 46 grams per plant. This is much lower than the estimate applied in criminal cases, which indicates that courts do not apply a yield-percentage estimate. The specificities of domestic cannabis cultivation also relate to the sanction criteria „professionalism”. Firstly, the number of plants found can provide for calculation of an aggregate quantum. Secondly, this can be related to the formal quantum thresholds between the (various) grades of illicit drug crimes in the national legal systems. Finally, we introduce the nationality of the gardener as an indication of professionalism in combination with the equipment found on site. We conclude that proportionality in criminal sanctioning of large-scale cannabis cases would improve by applying a 1:1 potency level between sinsemilla and resin.
From Speech Acts to Semantics
Authors: Mackenzie Jim 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Frege introduced the notion of pragmatic force as what distinguishes statements from questions. This distinction was elaborated by Wittgenstein in his later works, and systematised as an account of different kinds of speech acts in formal dialogue theory by Hamblin. It lies at the heart of the inferential semantics more recently developed by Brandom. The present paper attempts to sketch some of the relations between these developments.
Supporting Argumentation Schemes in Argumentative Dialogue Games
Authors: Wells Simon 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper reports preliminary work into the exploitation of argumentation schemes within dialogue games. We identify a property of dialogue games that we call “scheme awareness” that captures the relationship between dialogue game systems and argumentation schemes. Scheme awareness is used to examine the ways in which existing dialogue games utilise argumentation schemes and consequently the degree with which a dialogue game can be used to construct argument structures. The aim is to develop a set of guidelines for dialogue game design, which feed into a set of Dialogue Game Description Language (DGDL) extensions in turn enabling dialogue games to better exploit argumentation schemes.
Preface: From Pragmatics and Dialectics to Argument Studies
Authors: Budzynska Katarzyna , Eemeren Frans H. van , Koszowy Marcin 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Pragmatics and dialectics are two disciplines which have been amongst the first and most important partners for argument studies in the exploration of the complex realm of communication. Treating argumentation as a construct consisting of premises and conclusion allows for investigating some interesting properties of the phenomenon of reasoning, but does not capture a variety of aspects related to the usage of natural language and dialogical context in which real-life argumentation is typically embedded. This special issue explores some of the fascinating research questions which emerge when we move beyond logic into the territory of the pragmatics and dialectics of argument.
Weight-in-Motion Estimation Based on Reconstruction of Tyre Footprint’s Geometry by Group of Fibre Optic Sensors
Authors: Grakovski Alexander , Pilipovec Alexey , Kabashkin Igor , Petersons Elmars 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The problem of measuring road vehicle’s weight-in-motion (WIM) is important for overload enforcement, road maintenance planning and cargo fleet managing, control of the legal use of the transport infrastructure, road surface protection from the early destruction and for the safety on the roads. The fibre-optic sensors (FOS) functionality is based on the changes in the parameters of the optical signal due to the deformation of the optical fibre under the weight of the crossing vehicle. A fibre-optic sensor responds to the deformation, therefore for WIM measurements it is necessary to estimate the impact area of a wheel on the working surface of the sensor called tyre footprint. This information is used further for the estimation of the vehicle wheel’s speed, contact width, length, and, finally, axle’s weight while in motion. Recorded signals from a truck passing over a group of FOS with various speeds and known weight are used as an input data. The results of the several laboratory and field experiments with FOS, e.g. load characteristics according to the temperature, contact surface width and loading speed impact, are provided here. The method of initial signal deconvolution on symmetric and asymmetric components provides the chance to approximate geometric size of tyre surface footprint as well as calculate weight on each wheel separately. The examples of the estimation of a truck speed, tyre contact surface footprint parameters using FOS signals are discussed in this article.
Raptors in Bosnia and Herzegovina - their status and perspectives for monitoring development
Authors: Kotrošan Dražen , Hatibović Ena 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In the last 150 years, 49 raptor species belonging to the families Pandionidae, Accipitridae, Falconidae, Tytonidae, Strigidae and Laniidae have been recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, little is known about their populations. In comparison with historical data, their status has changed significantly, while nine species became extinct or probably extinct as breeders. In this paper, data on the present status of raptor populations is presented, as well as problems and the possibilities of developing species monitoring in Bosnia and Herzegovina. So far, no raptor monitoring has been established in the form of a long-term programme. The establishment of such programme is hampered by a number of reasons (lack of observers, lack of financial resources, lack of experience and knowledge, etc.). Monitoring of raptors in Bosnia and Herzegovina is needed to improve knowledge of the local populations as well as to protect these birds and their habitats. Also, this programme would be significant for the studies concerning the construction of various facilities (e.g. wind turbines). One of the important points of the development programme is to mobilize international cooperation and projects to solve current problems