bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controllability of Context‐Sensitive Probabilistic Mix‐Valued Logical Control Networks with Constraints
Authors: Liu Zhenbin , Wang Yuzhen , Li Haitao 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper addresses the controllability of context‐sensitive probabilistic mix‐valued logical control networks with constraints on states and controls. First, using the semi‐tensor product of matrices, the context‐sensitive probabilistic mix‐valued logical control network is expressed in an algebraic form, in which the transition matrix is given by two parts: general part and switching part. Second, the algebraic structure of system with constraints on states and controls is investigated and a new algebraic form is established to study the controllability, based on which some necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained. Finally, an illustrative example is studied to support our new results.
Design and Analysis of Distributed Optimal Controller for Identical Multiagent Systems
Authors: Zhang Fangfang , Wang Wei , Zhang Huanshui 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper studies the optimal distributed control design problem for both continuous‐time and discrete‐time systems. We consider an identical decoupled dynamical system and a coupled performance index which is described through the Laplacian matrix. It is showed that the optimal feedback gain matrix corresponds to a complete undirected graph for the Laplacian matrix in the cost function. We aim to get the distributed controllers that only use the information of its state and the states of its neighbors. The existence conditions of the optimal distributed control for special cost function are given and the asymptotic stability of the system is discussed. Examples are given to show the efficiency of the proposed results.
Late toxicity and quality of life after definitive treatment of prostate cancer: redefining optimal rectal sparing constraints for intensity‐modulated radiation therapy
Authors: Chennupati Sravana K. , Pelizzari Charles A. , Kunnavakkam Rangesh , Liauw Stanley L. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess late toxicity and quality of life (QOL) for patients receiving definitive intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and image‐guided radiation therapy (IGRT) with regard to normal tissue sparing objectives. Three hundred and seventy‐two consecutive men treated with definitive IMRT for prostate adenocarcinoma. Toxicity was graded by CTC v3.0 genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity at each follow‐up visit. Patient‐reported QOL (EPIC‐26) was prospectively collected for a subset of men. Dosimetric data for bladder and rectum were compared to toxicity and QOL global domain scores, specifically analyzing outcomes for men who met ideal rectal constraints (V70 <10%, V65 <20%, V40 <40%). The median age and prescription dose was 69 years and 76 Gy, respectively. Median follow‐up was 47 months. At 4 years, freedom from Grade 2 (FFG2) GI toxicity was 92% and FFG2 GU toxicity was 76%. On univariate analysis, current smoking, larger bladder volume, and higher RT dose were associated with decreased FFG2 GU toxicity, while use of anticoagulation, increasing age, and not meeting ideal rectal constraints were associated with decreased FFG2 GI toxicity (all P ≤ 0.05). Bowel QOL remained stable over the 2‐year follow‐up period and was higher for patients who met ideal rectal constraints (P = 0.05). IMRT with IGRT is associated with low rates of severe toxicity and a high GI and GU QOL. The use of strict rectal constraints can further improve GI QOL and reduce GI toxicity.
Bradykinin and histamine‐induced cytosolic calcium increase in capillary endothelial cells of bovine adrenal medulla
Authors: Vinet Raúl , Cortés Magdalena P. , Álvarez Rocío , Delpiano Marco A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe have assessed the effect of bradykinin and histamine on the cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) of bovine adrenal medulla capillary endothelial cells (BAMCECs). To measure [Ca2+]i changes in BAMCECs the intracellular fluorescent probe, fluo‐3 AM, was used. Bradykinin (3 µM) produced a transient monophasic increase in [Ca2+]i, which was depressed by B1650 (0.1 µM), a B2‐bradykinin receptor antagonist (D‐Arg‐[Hyp3, Thi5,8, D‐Phe7]‐Bradykinin). Similarly, increase in [Ca2+]i induced by histamine was also depressed by tripolidine (0.1 µM), an H1‐histamine receptor antagonist. [Ca2+]i increase induced by both agonists was unaffected in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ or presence of antagonists of voltage operated Ca2+ channels (VOCCs). Thapsigargin (1 µM) did not abolish the increase of [Ca2+]i produced by bradykinin, but abolished that of histamine. In contrast, caffeine (100 µM), abolished the [Ca2+]i response induced by bradykinin (3 µM), but did not affect the [Ca2+]i increase induced by histamine (100 µM). The results indicate the presence of B2 bradykinin‐ and H1 histamine‐receptors in BAMCECs. Liberation of Ca2+ induced by both agonists occurs through 2 different intracellular mechanisms. While bradykinin activates a sarco(endo) plasmic reticulum (SER) containing a SER Ca2+‐ATPase (SERCA) thapsigargin‐insensitive, histamine activates a SER containing a SERCA thapsigargin‐sensitive. We suggest that the increase in [Ca2+]i induced by bradykinin and histamine could be of physiological relevance, modulating adrenal gland microcirculation.
Planar Chiral Dialkoxysilane: Introduction of Inherent Chirality and High Reactivity in Conventional Achiral Alkene
Authors: Tomooka Katsuhiko , Miyasaka Shouji , Motomura Shougo , Igawa Kazunobu 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA simple eight‐membered dialkoxysilane (E)‐1 prepared from 2‐pentene‐1,5‐diol, showed remarkably stable planar chirality along with high reactivity toward epoxidation, Diels–Alder reaction, and cycloaddition reaction with azide.
Patient survival after surgical treatment of rectal cancer: Impact of surgeon and hospital characteristics
Authors: Etzioni David A. , Young‐Fadok Tonia M. , Cima Robert R. , Wasif Nabil , Madoff Robert D. , Naessens James M. , Habermann Elizabeth B. 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUNDSurgeon and hospital factors are associated with the survival of patients treated for rectal cancer. The relative contribution of each of these factors toward determining outcomes is poorly understood.METHODSWe used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database to analyze the outcomes of patients aged 65 years and older undergoing operative treatment for nonmetastatic rectal cancer, diagnosed in the United States between 1998 and 2007. These data were linked to a registry to identify whether the treating surgeon was a board‐certified colorectal surgeon versus a noncolorectal surgeon. Hospital volume and hospital certification as a National Cancer Institute–designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers were also analyzed. The primary outcome of interest was long‐term survival.RESULTSOur data source yielded 6432 patients. Initial analysis demonstrated improved long‐term survival in patients treated by higher‐volume colorectal surgeons, higher‐volume hospitals, teaching hospitals, and National Cancer Institute (NCI)–designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers. Based on an iterative approach to modeling the interactions between these various factors, we found a robust effect of surgeon subspecialty status, hospital volume, and NCI designation. Surgeon volume was not distinctly associated with long‐term survival.CONCLUSIONSPatients treated for rectal cancer by board‐certified colorectal surgeons in centers that are higher volume and/or NCI‐designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers experience better overall survival. These differences persist after adjustment for a broad range of patient and contextual risk factors, including surgeon volume. Patients and payers can use these results to identify surgeons and hospitals where outcomes are most favorable. Cancer 2014;120:2472–2481. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Parents and prevention: A systematic review of interventions involving parents that aim to prevent body dissatisfaction or eating disorders
Authors: Hart Laura M. , Cornell Chelsea , Damiano Stephanie R. , Paxton Susan J. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo systematically review the literature on interventions involving parents that aim to prevent body dissatisfaction or eating disorders in children, and provide directions for future research by highlighting current gaps.MethodThe literature was searched for articles using key concepts: parents, prevention and eating disorders or disordered eating or body dissatisfaction. All English language publications between 1992 and 2013 were searched across a range of academic databases. Studies were reviewed if they: (i) delivered an intervention designed to reduce eating disorders or body dissatisfaction or their risk factors, in children or adolescents; (ii) provided some intervention component for parents; and (iii) included some outcome measure of intervention effectiveness on disordered eating or body dissatisfaction. A scoring matrix based on the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) screening questions was used to assess each study's sample representativeness, relevance and data quality.ResultsFrom 647 novel records uncovered by the search, 20 separate studies met inclusion criteria. The CASP scoring matrix revealed eight studies provided no relevant data, four relevant and eight highly relevant data on the effects of involving parents in prevention programs. Two of four high‐quality studies reported that parental involvement significantly improved child outcomes on measures of body dissatisfaction or disordered eating.DiscussionAlthough a greater focus on engaging and retaining parents is needed, this review demonstrates that a small number of prevention studies with parents have led to significant reductions in risk of body image and eating problems, and future research is indicated. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:157–169)
Gene duplication and the environmental regulation of physiology and development
Authors: Gibbs David C. , Donohue Kathleen 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWhen different life stages have different environmental tolerances, development needs to be regulated so that each life stage experiences environmental conditions that are suitable for it, if fitness is to be maintained. Restricting the timing of developmental transitions to occur under specific combinations of environmental conditions is therefore adaptively important. However, impeding development can itself incur demographic and fitness costs. How do organisms regulate development and physiological processes so that they occur under the broadest range of permissive conditions? Gene duplication offers one solution: Multiple genes contribute to the same downstream process, but do so under distinct combinations of environmental conditions. We present a simple model to examine how environmental sensitivities of genes and how gene duplication influence the distribution of environmental conditions under which an end process will proceed. The model shows that the duplication of genes that retain their downstream function but diverge in environmental sensitivities can allow an end process to proceed under more than one distinct combination of environmental conditions. The outcomes depend on how upstream genes regulate downstream components, which genes in the pathway have diversified in their sensitivities, and the structure of the pathway.
Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) seed oils extracted from dried press pomace after longterm frozen storage of berries can be used as functional food ingredients
Authors: Radočaj Olga , Vujasinović Vesna , Dimić Etelka , Basić Zorica 
Published: May 2014

Prolonged storage of frozen berries had some impact on the quality of the oils compared to the fresh sample. Free fatty acid content (FFA) and peroxide values (PV) increased in blackberry oil (BO) (from 1.18 to 3.54% oleic acid) and in raspberry oil (RO) (from 2.66 to 8.84% oleic acid). PV values were higher in the RO (increased from 4.82 to 13.97 mmol/kg) than in the BO (increased from 3.73 to 11.14 mmol/kg). Both oils were very high in omega‐6 FA (%): 63.66 ± 0.49 for BO and 54.94 ± 0.18 for RO, and omega‐3 FA (%): 14.77 ± 0.42 for BO and 32.38 ± 0.38 for RO, with their ratio of 1.8 and 4.5. Both oils have shown a very high level of α, β + γ, and δ‐tocopherols. Much higher levels of campesterols and stigmasterols were found in the BO, while the content of β‐sitosterols was much higher in the RO. Total phenolic content was much higher in the BO (∼27%). Our results demonstrated that pomace, despite longterm frozen storage, is a good raw material for oil extraction, as its oil composition remains stable. Chemical characteristics suggested that oils are of high quality and a possible source of functional ingredients.Practical applications: Pomace is a fruit processing waste, which is currently underutilized, and not used much for food production. Blackberry and raspberry seed pomaces that mostly consist of seeds are generated in large quantities. Both seed oils are of high quality and rich in essential omega fatty acids and very high content of bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, phenols, sterols, and carotenoids that have antioxidant properties. Due to their nutritional and antioxidant properties they are considered value‐added products that can be successfully used for functional and nutraceutical food products.The oils have high levels of oleic, omega‐6, and omega‐3 fatty acids and bioactive compounds including tocopherols, phenols, sterols, and carotenoids. Based on the research results, prolonged storage (8 months) of frozen blackberries and raspberries in sealed plastic bags at −18°C before further processing and use of the pomace as a by‐product can be recommended to the food industry.
Direct Allylic Functionalization Through Pd‐Catalyzed C–H Activation
Authors: Liron Frédéric , Oble Julie , Lorion Mélanie M. , Poli Giovanni 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAfter a brief introduction emphasizing the synthetic relevance of the allylic C–H activation step, evoking the first pioneering stoichiometric studies that sowed the “seeds” of this subject, and analyzing similarities and differences between a “classical” and a “direct” Pd‐catalyzed allylation process, this review outlines some selected examples of palladium‐catalyzed direct allylic functionalization. This old reaction, ignored for many years, is now living a new and exciting era.
Is the Perfluorinated Trityl Cation Worth a Revisit? A Theoretical Study on the Lewis Acidities and Stabilities of Highly Halogenated Trityl Derivatives
Authors: Couchman Shannon A. , Wilson David J. D. , Dutton Jason L. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe relative Lewis acidities of a series of known, unknown and observed but unstable halogenated derivatives of the trityl cation have been probed in a computational study. The Lewis acidity was investigated from hydride, fluoride and methide affinities. The results indicate that the perhalogenated trityl cation [C(C6F5)3]+ is a desirable synthetic target, especially in the modern age of weakly coordinating anions. Our results also indicate that the stable [C(C6Cl5)3]+ cation may be an equally interesting Lewis acid.
Electrochemical Investigation and Determination of Levodopa on Poly(Nile Blue‐A)/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Kul Dilek , Brett Christopher M. A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe electrochemical behaviour of levodopa (LD) has been investigated at multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and poly(Nile blue‐A) (PNB) modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCE). MWCNT/PNB modified electrodes were prepared by NB potential cycling electropolymerisation in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PB), pH 6.0, followed by MWCNT deposition, and PNB/MWCNT/GCE by coating in the inverse order. The oxidation behaviour of LD was investigated in 0.1 M PB at pH values between 5.0 and 8.0. Quantitative determination of LD by differential pulse and square wave voltammetry was carried out in 0.1 M PB at pH 6.0. Analytical parameters were compared with the literature.
Novel colour‐clustered multiuser visible light communication
Authors: Bandara Kasun , Chung Yeon‐Ho 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTVisible light has a large spectral bandwidth spanning its wavelength between about 380 and 740 nm. These wavelengths create a band of colours. In this study, we propose a novel multiuser (MU) access scheme exploiting colour bands, which we define as colour clusters. In the proposed colour‐clustered MU visible light communication system, the users are allocated into separate colour clusters, and the intensity modulated user data are transmitted through the allocated coloured beams from the red, green and blue light emitting diodes. In order to increase user capacity, a secondary user separation is performed by assigning user specific intensity levels via on‐off‐keying modulation. At the receiver, the primary user separation is performed by a colour sensor that is capable of distinguishing the colours between red, green and blue colour bands. A secondary user separation criterion has also been proposed. The proposed MU‐visible light communication (VLC) system is complete in that it encompasses transmission and detection methods for multiple user access while ensuring a colour‐controlled flicker‐free illumination. The simulations demonstrate that the proposed MU‐VLC system provides an efficient MU VLC platform with significant performances over various transmission scenarios. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resource management in indoor hybrid Fi‐Wi network
Authors: Bien Q. , Prasad R.V. , Chandra K. , Niemieegers I. , Nguyen H. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn‐home networking is becoming a reality. New multimedia applications envisaged for indoor networks require data rate of up to several gigabits per second. In order to meet such a demand for high data rate unlicensed spectrum of 5GHz around 60GHz band is being considered for a potential choice. This pico cellular infrastructure also helps in reducing the interference; at the same time, it is a cause for high deployment cost. Radio‐over‐fiber infrastructure is an obvious choice to feed this last mile high data rate links. The combination of radio‐over‐fiber and 60GHz wireless links, which is known as hybrid Fi‐Wi, is a promising solution to offer high data rate indoor networking. Because of smaller cell size, handoffs between these small cells occur frequently in such a hybrid network. Because of smaller overlapping area between neighbouring cells, guaranteeing quality of service in this network is highly difficult compared with the traditional wireless cellular networks. Thus, resource management in such network is a challenging task. In indoor environments, techniques such as hidden Markov models can be employed to predict movements with high degree of accuracy. In this article, we propose a handoff scheme that utilises movement prediction to reserve bandwidth in only potential target cells before each handoff is initiated. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better than the two other schemes from the literature in terms of the call dropping probability and the call blocking probability. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensory descriptive quantitative analysis of unpasteurized and pasteurized juçara pulp (Euterpe edulis) during long‐term storage
Authors: da Silva Paula Porrelli Moreira , Casemiro Renata Cristina , Zillo Rafaela Rebessi , de Camargo Adriano Costa , Prospero Evanilda Teresinha Perissinotto , Spoto Marta Helena Fillet 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of pasteurization followed by storage under different conditions on the sensory attributes of frozen juçara pulp using quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA). Pasteurization of packed frozen pulp was performed by its immersion in stainless steel tank containing water (80°C) for 5 min, followed by storage under refrigerated and frozen conditions. A trained sensory panel evaluated the samples (6°C) on day 1, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90. Sensory attributes were separated as follows: appearance (foamy, heterogeneous, purple, brown, oily, and creamy), aroma (sweet and fermented), taste (astringent, bitter, and sweet), and texture (oily and consistent), and compared to a reference material. In general, unpasteurized frozen pulp showed the highest score for foamy appearance, and pasteurized samples showed highest scores to creamy appearance. Pasteurized samples remained stable regarding brown color development while unpasteurized counterparts presented increase. Color is an important attribute related to the product identity. All attributes related to taste and texture remained constant during storage for all samples. Pasteurization followed by storage under frozen conditions has shown to be the best conservation method as samples submitted to such process received the best sensory evaluation, described as foamy, slightly heterogeneous, slightly bitter, and slightly astringent.
Growing season water balance of wetland reclamation test cells, Fort McMurray, Alberta
Authors: Faubert Jean‐Pascal R. , Carey Sean K. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn the oil sands mining region near Fort McMurray, Alberta, strategies to construct wetlands and peatlands and methods to evaluate their success are just beginning. Reclamation of wetlands is particularly challenging in this region as growing seasons are short, precipitation is variable and often limiting, and the presence of elevated salinity associated with the mining process can be harmful to vegetation. As part of their reclamation programme, Syncrude Canada Ltd constructed a series of test plots (termed cells) to examine specific procedures and management strategies associated with wetland reclamation. In this study, water balance of 12 cells (each ~400 m2 in area) with different soil and vegetation treatments were studied over two growing seasons to understand the influence of soil salvage, vegetation, and placement strategy on water balance components. Cells were constructed in (i) the summer or winter, (ii) with either stockpiled material planted with vegetation or with soils directly transplanted from a nearby wetland and (iii) with soil depths of 15, 50 and 100 cm. Cells were built on a liner to eliminate leakage and were watered using an irrigation system along with receiving precipitation inputs. In 2010, cells were irrigated between ~100 and 400 mm, and water tables were maintained at or near the surface for the duration of the growing season at most cells. In 2011, watering was reduced considerably, and water tables were on average much lower. Evapotranspiration (ET) losses measured using lysimetres varied throughout the season and among cells. ET rates were greater in 2010 than in 2011 because of wet conditions at the surface, and cells placed in the winter and with shallower organic soils (15 cm) also had enhanced ET. Cumulative water balance suggests that some cells had considerable leakage despite being constructed atop a geotextile. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.