bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability factors of snake bite patients in China
Authors: Hao Wenjie , Lv Chuanzhu , Song Xingyue , He Lanfen , Wang Juntao , Hu Yanlan , Chen Yu , Gan Yong , Yan Shijiao , Han Xiaotong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the vulnerability factors of snakebite patients in China.

Methods
Multi-stage random sampling was used as the main sampling method and snowball sampling as the auxiliary sampling method. The knowledge, attitude and behavior of snakebite among Chinese residents were investigated. Non-parametric test was used to compare the percentage differences in residents’ knowledge, attitude and behavior of snakebite, and generalized linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors, and the vulnerability factors of snakebite patients were comprehensively analyzed.

Results
A total of 6338 subjects were included in this study, of which 68.4% were males, and 58.6% were farmers, workers and service personnel. The median total score of knowledge, attitude, and behavior was 26 (22,36). The patients who were improperly treated after injury were ligation proximal to the affected area (23.43%), squeezing (21.82%), and oral and suction wounds (8.74%). Did not go to hospital due to poverty (1351 cases) and did not receive antivenom (2068 cases). There were 21.32% and 32.63%, respectively. Among 4270 patients injected with antivenom 30.7% were vaccinated within 2 h. Among the patients who went to the hospital for treatment (4987), 75.0% arrived at the hospital within 6 h; Among the 4,761 patients who made emergency calls, 37.4% were treated within 0.5 h.

Conclusions
Snakebite patients in China have weak knowledge about snakebite, low awareness of medical treatment, lack of correct prevention and emergency treatment measures, dependence on folk remedies, poor housing and so on. In addition, there are low availability of antivenoms and unreasonable distribution of medical resources in some areas of China. Multisectoral and multidisciplinary cooperation should be developed to prevent and control snakebites in order to reduce the burden caused by snakebites.
Climate change and heat stress resilient outdoor workers: findings from systematic literature review
Authors: Habibi Peymaneh , Razmjouei Jaleh , Moradi Amirhossein , Mahdavi Farank , Fallah-Aliabadi Saeed , Heydari Ahad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Global warming has led to an increase in the number and intensity of extreme heat events, posing a significant threat to the health and safety of workers, especially those working outdoors, as they often have limited access to cooling strategies. The present systematic literature review (a) summarizes the current knowledge on the impacts of climate change on outdoor workers, (b) provides historical background on this issue, (c) explores factors that reduce and increase thermal stress resilience, (d) discusses the heat mitigation strategies, and (e) provides an overview of existing policy and legal frameworks on occupational heat exposure among outdoor workers.

Materials and methods
In this systematic review, we searched scientific databases including Scopus (N = 855), Web of Science (N = 828), and PubMed (N = 202). Additionally, we identified relevant studies on climate change and heat-stress control measures through Google Scholar (N = 116) using specific search terms. In total, we monitored 2001 articles pertaining to worker populations (men = 2921; women = 627) in various outdoor climate conditions across 14 countries. After full-text assessment, 55 studies were selected for inclusion, and finally, 29 eligible papers were included for data extraction.

Results
Failure to implement effective control strategies for outdoor workers will result in decreased resilience to thermal stress. The findings underscore a lack of awareness regarding certain adaptation strategies and interventions aimed at preventing and enhancing resilience to the impact of climate change on heat stress prevalence among workers in outdoor tropical and subtropical environments. However, attractive alternative solutions from the aspects of economic and ecological sustainability in the overall assessment of heat stress resilience can be referred to acclimatization, shading, optimized clothing properties and planned breaks.

Conclusion
The integration of climate change adaptation strategies into occupational health programs can enhance occupational heat resilience among outdoor workers. Conducting cost-benefit evaluations of health and safety measures for thermal stress adaptation strategies among outdoor workers is crucial for professionals and policymakers in low- and middle-income tropical and subtropical countries. In this respect, complementary measures targeting hydration, work-rest regimes, ventilated garments, self-pacing, and mechanization can be adopted to protect outdoor workers. Risk management strategies, adaptive measures, heat risk awareness, practical interventions, training programs, and protective policies should be implemented in hot-dry and hot-humid climates to boost the tolerance and resilience of outdoor workers.
Risky sexual behavior and associated factors among university students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional national survey
Authors: Belihu Wudinesh Belete , Amogne Minilik Demissie , Herder Tobias , Sundewall Jesper , Agardh Anette 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRisky sexual behavior (RSB) is one of the major youth sexual and reproductive health problems globally, including in Ethiopia. RSB among youth increases the risk of HIV infection, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unintended pregnancy, and unsafe abortion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine RSB and its associated factors among university students in Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was employed in six randomly selected public universities in Ethiopia from August 2021 to February 2022. A stratified two-stage sampling technique was applied to reach the required number of study participants, and a structured self-administered questionnaire was used. RSB was defined as having had sexual relationships with more than one partner and using condoms with a new sexual partner irregularly or not at all in the last 12 months. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with RSB among those participants who were sexually active.ResultsThe prevalence of RSB among those who had had sexual intercourse in the last 12 months (n = 523) was 19.5% (n = 102). One hundred forty-four (29.9%) students had multiple sexual partners, and 325 (69.3%) students did not always use condoms with a new sexual partner. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) showed that those students aged 21–24 years had lower odds of RSB than those aged above 25 years AOR 0.18 (95% CI 0.03–0.98). The adjusted odds of RSB were 6.7 times higher (95% CI 1.26–35.30) among students who started sex at the age of 10–17 years than those who started sex at 21 years and above and 3.9 times higher (95% CI 1.33–11.39) among students who had experienced emotional violence.ConclusionRSB continues to be a problem among university students in Ethiopia. Those students who started sex at an early age and those who experienced emotional violence were more likely to engage in RSB. Therefore, universities in Ethiopia should implement strategies such as RSB targeted health education programs that consider early sexual debut, experiences of emotional violence, and safe sexual practices.
Prevalence and factors associated with illicit drug and high-risk alcohol use among adolescents living in urban slums of Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Kalungi Hellen , Kamacooko Onesmus , Lunkuse Jane Frances , Namutebi Joy , Naluwooza Rose , Price Matt A. , Ruzagira Eugene , Mayanja Yunia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Illicit drug and high-risk alcohol use among adolescents leads to poor health outcomes. We enrolled adolescents from urban slums in Kampala, Uganda, to assess baseline prevalence and factors associated with illicit drug and high-risk alcohol consumption.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using data collected in a cohort that enrolled 14-19-year-old male and female participants from 25 March 2019 to 30 March 2020. Data was collected on social demographics, sexual behavior, and reproductive health using interviewer-administered questionnaires. The main outcomes were illicit drug use and high-risk alcohol use. Data on alcohol use was collected using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT); results were dichotomized. Factors associated with each outcome were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results
We enrolled 490 participants (60.6% female) with a median age of 18 (IQR 17–18) years, 84.9% had less than secondary education, 48.4% had their sexual debut before 15 years, 47.1% reported paid sex in the past 3 months and 22.8% had a sexually transmitted infection (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and active syphilis) baseline characteristics associated with illicit drug use in the past 3 months were male gender (aOR 12.45; 95% CI 7.21–21.50) being married (aOR 2.26; 95%CI 1.03–4.94) 10 or more paying sexual partners (aOR 2.45; 95%CI 1.05–5.69) and high-risk alcohol use (aOR 3.94; 95%CI 2.10–7.40), baseline characteristics associated with high-risk alcohol use were male gender (aOR 0.29; 95% CI 0.13–0.63) emotional violence from sexual partners (aOR 2.35; 95%CI 1.32–418) illicit drug users com (aOR 3.94; 95% CI 2.10–7.40).

Conclusion
Illicit drug and high-risk alcohol use are prevalent among male adolescents and adolescents involved in high-risk sexual behavior living in the urban slums of Kampala.
Histopathologic patterns of female genital tuberculosis with clinical correlation: a 10-year (2013–2022) retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Melkamu Kidest , Damie Amanuel , Ashenafi Senait , Sori Moti , Girma Selfu , Yimam Sofia , Baye Negash , Shote Belachew 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
Underdiagnosis of female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) often leads to infertility. In this study, we aimed to determine the site and histopathologic patterns of FGTB and its correlation with clinical presentation and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) status.

Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of FGTB at the Department of Pathology, College of Health Sciences (CHS), Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis Ababa University (AAU), from January 1, 2013, to August 30, 2022.

Results
Female genital tuberculosis was found in 0.94% of the gynecology specimens examined. The most common presentations were menstrual disturbance, abdominopelvic pain, and infertility. Among patients with FGTB, 4.6% exhibited misleading clinical and radiologic findings, leading to suspicion of malignancy and subsequent aggressive surgical management. The endometrium was the most frequently affected organ, followed by the fallopian tube, ovary, cervix, and vulva. In the majority of tuberculous endometritis cases (53.3%), histopathology revealed early-stage granulomas. Acid-fast bacilli were found in a significant proportion (42.6%) of FGTB tissues with TB histopathology. The ovary had the highest rate of AFB detection, followed by the fallopian tube, endometrium, and cervix.

Conclusion
Female genital tuberculosis should be considered in reproductive-age women presenting with menstrual irregularities, abdominopelvic pain, infertility, or an abdominopelvic mass. The endometrium is commonly affected, displaying early granulomas with low AFB positivity.
An interview study about how nurses and physicians talk about the same concepts differently
Authors: Holgaard Ragnhild , Bruun Birgitte , Zingenberg Frederik , Dieckmann Peter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
How healthcare professionals understand and use concepts of social and cognitive capabilities will influence their behaviour and their understanding of others’ behaviour. Differing understandings of concepts might lead to healthcare professionals not acting in accordance with other healthcare professionals’ expectations. Therefore, part of the problem concerning errors and adverse incidents concerning social and cognitive capabilities might be due to varying understandings of concepts among different healthcare professionals. This study aimed to examine the variations in how educators at the Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation talk about social and cognitive capabilities.

Methods
The study was conducted using semi-structured interviews and directed content analysis. The codes for the analysis process were derived from existing non-technical skills models and used to show variations in how the participants talk about the same concepts.

Results
Educators with a background as nurses and physicians, talked differently about leadership and decision-making, with the nurses paying greater attention to group dynamics and external factors when describing both leadership and decision-making, whereas physicians focus on their individual efforts.

Conclusion
We found patterned differences in how the participants described leadership and decision-making that may be related to participants’ professional training/background. As it can create misunderstandings and unsafe situations if nurses and physicians disagree on the meaning of leadership and decision-making (without necessarily recognising this difference), it could be beneficial to educate healthcare professionals to be aware of the specificity of their own concepts, and to communicate what exactly they mean by using a particular concept, e.g. “I want you to coordinate tasks” instead of “I want better leadership”.
Multi-genome comparisons reveal gain-and-loss evolution of anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type 2 as a candidate master sex-determining gene in Percidae
Authors: Kuhl Heiner , Euclide Peter T. , Klopp Christophe , Cabau Cédric , Zahm Margot , Lopez-Roques Céline , Iampietro Carole , Kuchly Claire , Donnadieu Cécile , Feron Romain , Parrinello Hugues , Poncet Charles , Jaffrelo Lydia , Confolent Carole , Wen Ming , Herpin Amaury , Jouanno Elodie , Bestin Anastasia , Haffray Pierrick , Morvezen Romain , de Almeida Taina Rocha , Lecocq Thomas , Schaerlinger Bérénice , Chardard Dominique , Żarski Daniel , Larson Wesley A. , Postlethwait John H. , Timirkhanov Serik , Kloas Werner , Wuertz Sven , Stöck Matthias , Guiguen Yann 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Percidae family comprises many fish species of major importance for aquaculture and fisheries. Based on three new chromosome-scale assemblies inPerca fluviatilis,Perca schrenkii, andSander vitreusalong with additional percid fish reference genomes, we provide an evolutionary and comparative genomic analysis of their sex-determination systems.ResultsWe explored the fate of a duplicated anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type-2 gene (amhr2bY), previously suggested to be the master sex-determining (MSD) gene inP. flavescens. Phylogenetically related and structurally similar amhr2duplicates (amhr2b) were found inP. schrenkiiandSander lucioperca, potentially dating this duplication event to their last common ancestor around 19–27 Mya. InP. fluviatilisandS. vitreus, thisamhr2bduplicate has been likely lost while it was subject to amplification inS. lucioperca. Analyses of theamhr2blocus inP. schrenkiisuggest that this duplication could be also male-specific as it is inP. flavescens. InP. fluviatilis, a relatively small (100 kb) non-recombinant sex-determining region (SDR) was characterized on chromosome 18 using population-genomics approaches. This SDR is characterized by many male-specific single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) and no large duplication/insertion event, suggesting thatP. fluviatilishas a male heterogametic sex-determination system (XX/XY), generated by allelic diversification. This SDR contains six annotated genes, including three (c18h1orf198,hsdl1,tbc1d32) with higher expression in the testis than in the ovary.ConclusionsTogether, our results provide a new example of the highly dynamic sex chromosome turnover in teleosts and provide new genomic resources for Percidae, including sex-genotyping tools for all three knownPercaspecies.
Dietary algal-sourced zinc nanoparticles promote growth performance, intestinal integrity, and immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Zahran Eman , Elbahnaswy Samia , Mansour Ahmed I. A. , Risha Engy , Mustafa Ahmed , Alqahtani Arwa sultan , Sebaei Mahmoud G. El , Ahmed Fatma 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Trace elements play a crucial role in fish nutrition, with zinc (Zn) being one of the most important elements. BIO-sourced zinc nanoparticles were synthesized using the green microalga Pediastrum boryanum (BIO-ZnNPs, 29.35 nm). 30 or 60 mg/ kg dry feed of the BIO-ZnNPs (BIO-ZnNPs30 and BIO-ZnNPs60) were mixed with the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) basal diet and fed to the fish for 8 weeks to evaluate their impact on fish growth, digestion, intestinal integrity, antioxidative status, and immunity.

Results
A significant enhancement was observed in all investigated parameters, except for the serum protein profile. BIO-ZnNPs at 60 mg/kg feed elevated the activities of reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT), enzymatic antioxidants, but did not induce oxidative stress as reflected by no change in MDA level. Fish intestinal immunity was improved in a dose-dependent manner, in terms of improved morphometry and a higher count of acid mucin-producing goblet cells. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) was upregulated in BIO-ZnNPs30 compared to BIO-ZnNPs60 and control fish groups, while no significant expressions were noted in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), and Caspase3 genes.

Conclusion
Overall, BIO-ZnNPs inclusion at 60 mg/kg feed showed the most advantage in different scenarios, compared to BIO-ZnNPs at 30 mg/kg feed. The positive effects on growth and intestinal health suggest that BIO-ZnNPs supplementation of aquafeeds has many benefits for farmed fish.
Preliminary research on tailored fluid therapy in pigs: comparing customized ionic solutions with Hartmann’s solution
Authors: Lee Seongju , Lee Seung-Eun , Han Jae-Ik , Lee Sang Chul , Jeon Yubyeol 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Fluid therapy in veterinary medicine is pivotal for treating various conditions in pigs; however, standard solutions, such as Hartmann’s solution, may not optimally align with pig physiology. This study explored the development and efficacy of a customized fluid therapy tailored to the ionic concentrations of pig blood, aiming to enhance treatment outcomes and safety in both healthy and diseased pigs.

Results
The study involved two experiments: the first to assess the safety and stability of customized fluids in healthy pigs, and the second to evaluate the efficacy in pigs with clinical symptoms of dehydration. In healthy pigs, the administration of customized fluids showed no adverse effects, with slight alterations observed in pO2, hematocrit, and glucose levels in some groups. In symptomatic pigs, the customized fluid group did not show any improvement in clinical symptoms, with no significant changes in blood chemistry or metabolite levels compared to controls. The customized fluid group showed a mild increase in some values after administration, yet within normal physiological ranges. The study reported no significant improvements in clinical or dehydration status, attributing the observed variations in blood test results to the limited sample size and anaesthesia effects rather than fluid characteristics.

Conclusions
Customized fluid therapy, tailored to mimic the ionic concentrations of pig blood, appears to be a safe and potentially more effective alternative to conventional solutions such as Hartmann’s solution for treating pigs under various health conditions. Further research with larger sample sizes and controlled conditions is recommended to validate these findings and to explore the full potential of customized fluid therapy in veterinary practice.
Risk of lung disease in the PI*SS genotype of alpha-1 antitrypsin: an EARCO research project
Authors: Martín Teresa , Guimarães Catarina , Esquinas Cristina , Torres-Duran Maria , Turner Alice M. , Tanash Hanan , Rodríguez-García Carlota , Corsico Angelo , López-Campos José Luis , Bartošovská Eva , Stæhr Jensen Jens-Ulrik , Hernández-Pérez José María , Sucena Maria , Miravitlles Marc 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The PI*S variant is one of the most prevalent mutations within alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). The risk of developing AATD-related lung disease in individuals with the PI*SS genotype is poorly defined despite its substantial prevalence. Our study aimed to characterize this genotype and its risk for lung disease and compare it with the PI*ZZ and PI*SZ genotypes using data from the European Alpha-1 antitrypsin Deficiency Research Collaboration international registry.

Method
Demographic, clinical, functional, and quality of life (QoL) parameters were assessed to compare the PI*SS characteristics with the PI*SZ and PI*ZZ controls. A propensity score with 1:3 nearest-neighbour matching was performed for the most important confounding variables.

Results
The study included 1007 individuals, with PI*SS (n = 56; 5.6%), PI*ZZ (n = 578; 57.4%) and PI*SZ (n = 373; 37.0%). The PI*SS population consisted of 58.9% men, with a mean age of 59.2 years and a mean FEV1(% predicted) of 83.4%. Compared to PI*ZZ individuals they had less frequent lung disease (71.4% vs. 82.2%, p = 0.037), COPD (41.4% vs. 60%, p = 0.002), and emphysema (23.2% vs. 51.9%, p < 0.001) and better preserved lung function, fewer exacerbations, lower level of dyspnoea, and better QoL. In contrast, no significant differences were found in the prevalence of lung diseases between PI*SS and PI*SZ, or lung function parameters, exacerbations, dyspnoea, or QoL.

Conclusions
We found that, as expected, the risk of lung disease associated with the PI*SS genotype is significantly lower compared with PI*ZZ, but does not differ from that observed in PI*SZ individuals, despite having higher serum AAT levels.

Trial registration

www.clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT04180319).