bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of facilitated introduction of a standard operating procedure into routine processes in the operating theatre: a controlled interrupted time series
Authors: Morgan Lauren , New Steve , Robertson Eleanor , Collins Gary , Rivero-Arias Oliver , Catchpole Ken , Pickering Sharon P , Hadi Mohammed , Griffin Damian , McCulloch Peter 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundStandard operating procedures (SOPs) should improve safety in the operating theatre, but controlled studies evaluating the effect of staff-led implementation are needed.MethodsIn a controlled interrupted time series, we evaluated three team process measures (compliance with WHO surgical safety checklist, non-technical skills and technical performance) and three clinical outcome measures (length of hospital stay, complications and readmissions) before and after a 3-month staff-led development of SOPs. Process measures were evaluated by direct observation, using Oxford Non-Technical Skills II for non-technical skills and the ‘glitch count’ for technical performance. All staff in two orthopaedic operating theatres were trained in the principles of SOPs and then assisted to develop standardised procedures. Staff in a control operating theatre underwent the same observations but received no training. The change in difference between active and control groups was compared before and after the intervention using repeated measures analysis of variance.ResultsWe observed 50 operations before and 55 after the intervention and analysed clinical data on 1022 and 861 operations, respectively. The staff chose to structure their efforts around revising the ‘whiteboard’ which documented and prompted tasks, rather than directly addressing specific task problems. Although staff preferred and sustained the new system, we found no significant differences in process or outcome measures before/after intervention in the active versus the control group. There was a secular trend towards worse outcomes in the postintervention period, seen in both active and control theatres.ConclusionsSOPs when developed and introduced by frontline staff do not necessarily improve operative processes or outcomes. The inherent tension in improvement work between giving staff ownership of improvement and maintaining control of direction needs to be managed, to ensure staff are engaged but invest energy in appropriate change.
Wintertime Subkilometer Numerical Forecasts of Near-Surface Variables in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
Authors: Vionnet Vincent , Bélair Stéphane , Girard Claude , Plante André 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems operational at many national centers are nowadays used at the kilometer scale. The next generation of NWP models will provide forecasts at the subkilometer scale. Large impacts are expected in mountainous terrain characterized by highly variable orography. This study investigates the ability of the Canadian NWP system to provide an accurate forecast of near-surface variables at the subkilometer scale in the Canadian Rocky Mountains in wintertime when the region is fully covered by snow. Observations collected at valley and high-altitude stations are used to evaluate forecast accuracy at three different grid spacing (2.5, 1, and 0.25 km) over a period of 15 days. Decreasing grid spacing was found to improve temperature forecasts at high-altitude stations because of better orography representation. In contrast, no improvement is obtained at valley stations due to an inability of the model to fully capture at all resolutions the intensity of valley cold pools forming during nighttime. Errors in relative humidity reveal that the model tends to overestimate relative humidity at all resolutions, without improvement with decreasing grid spacing. Wind speed forecasts show large improvements with decreasing grid spacing for high-altitude stations exposed to or sheltered from wind. However, no systematic improvement with decreasing grid spacing is found for all stations, which is similar to previous studies. In addition, the model’s sensitivity at subkilometer grid spacing is investigated by evaluating the effects of (i) accounting for additional drag generated by subgrid orographic features, (ii) considering slope angle and aspect on surface radiation, and (iii) using high-resolution initialization for the surface fields.
Assimilation of High-Resolution Tropical Cyclone Observations with an Ensemble Kalman Filter Using HEDAS: Evaluation of 2008–11 HWRF Forecasts
Authors: Aberson Sim D. , Aksoy Altuğ , Sellwood Kathryn J. , Vukicevic Tomislava , Zhang Xuejin 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
NOAA has been gathering high-resolution, flight-level dropwindsonde and airborne Doppler radar data in tropical cyclones for almost three decades; the U.S. Air Force routinely obtained the same type and quality of data, excepting Doppler radar, for most of that time. The data have been used for operational diagnosis and for research, and, starting in 2013, have been assimilated into operational regional tropical cyclone models. This study is an effort to quantify the impact of assimilating these data into a version of the operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model using an ensemble Kalman filter. A total of 83 cases during 2008–11 were investigated. The aircraft whose data were used in the study all provide high-density flight-level wind and thermodynamic observations as well as surface wind speed data. Forecasts initialized with these data assimilated are compared to those using the model standard initialization. Since only NOAA aircraft provide airborne Doppler radar data, these data are also tested to see their impact above the standard aircraft data. The aircraft data alone are shown to provide some statistically significant improvement to track and intensity forecasts during the critical watch and warning period before projected landfall (through 60 h), with the Doppler radar data providing some further improvement. This study shows the potential for improved forecasts with regular tropical cyclone aircraft reconnaissance and the assimilation of data obtained from them, especially airborne Doppler radar data, into the numerical guidance.
Hurricane Wind–Pressure Relationship and Eyewall Replacement Cycles
Authors: Kossin James P. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The relationship between minimum central surface pressure and the maximum sustained surface wind in tropical cyclones has been studied for many years, motivated by the fact that minimum pressure is generally easier to measure, but maximum wind is a much more relevant metric when considering tropical cyclone risk and potential impacts. It is well understood that tropical cyclone wind is closely related to the radial gradient of pressure through gradient or cyclostrophic balance assumptions, and not to a single point value of the minimum pressure near the storm center. But it is often the case that the maximum wind must be inferred from this single value. To accomplish this, a number of statistical relationships have been documented, such as those used in the Dvorak technique for estimating tropical cyclone intensity from satellite imagery. Here, the relationship between tropical cyclone maximum wind and minimum pressure is explored during eyewall replacement cycles (ERCs) that have been observed in North Atlantic hurricanes. It is shown that the wind–pressure relationship (WPR) can vary substantially during an ERC and generally moves away from the statistically fitted WPR used by the Dvorak technique in that basin. The changes in WPR during an ERC can be quite different depending on the intensity of the hurricane at the start of the ERC.
Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) promotes M2 macrophage polarization in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Audrito Valentina , Serra Sara , Brusa Davide , Mazzola Francesca , Arruga Francesca , Vaisitti Tiziana , Coscia Marta , Maffei Rossana , Rossi Davide , Wang Tao , Inghirami Giorgio , Rizzi Menico , Gaidano Gianluca , Garcia Joe G. N. , Wolberger Cynthia , Raffaelli Nadia , Deaglio Silvia 
Published: November 2014

Key PointsCLL lymphocytes show high intracellular and extracellular NAMPT levels, further increased upon activation. eNAMPT prompts differentiation of CLL monocytes into M2 macrophages that sustain CLL survival and reduce T-cell proliferation.
Role of chaperones and ATP synthase in DNA gyrase reactivation in Escherichia coli stationary-phase cells after nutrient addition
Authors: Gutiérrez-Estrada Alejandra , Ramírez-Santos Jesús , Gómez-Eichelmann María del Carmen 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Escherichia coli stationary-phase (SP) cells contain relaxed DNA molecules and recover DNA supercoiling once nutrients become available. In these cells, the reactivation of DNA gyrase, which is a DNA topoisomerase type IIA enzyme, is responsible for the recovery of DNA supercoiling. The results presented in this study show that DNA gyrase reactivation does not require cellular chaperones or polyphosphate. Glucose addition to SP cells induced a slow recovery of DNA supercoiling, whereas resveratrol, which is an inhibitor of ATP synthase, inhibited the enzyme reactivation. These results suggest that DNA gyrase, which is an ATP-dependent enzyme, remains soluble in SP cells, and that its reactivation occurs primarily due to a rapid increase in the cellular ATP concentration.
Research roundup
Authors: Ellis Peter 
Published: November 2014

Estimating glycaemic control using traditional methods may be misleading in renal patients with type 2 diabetes Psychological factors affect quality of life of haemodialysis patients more than physiological ones Early nephrological care leads to better survival on haemodialysis Hypokalaemia and poor nutritional status may be risk factors for peritonitis in patients on CAPD Switching between peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis does not result in increased mortality
Measuring function after hip and knee surgery
Authors: Konan S. , Hossain F. , Patel S. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: November 2014

Accurate, reproducible outcome measures are essential for the evaluation of any orthopaedic procedure, in both clinical practice and research.Commonly used patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have drawbacks such as ‘floor’ and ‘ceiling’ effects, limitations of worldwide adaptability and an inability to distinguish pain from function. They are also unable to measure the true outcome of an intervention rather than a patient’s perception of that outcome.Performance-based functional outcome tools may address these problems. It is important that both clinicians and researchers are aware of these measures when dealing with high-demand patients, using a new intervention or implant, or testing a new rehabilitation protocol.This article provides an overview of some of the clinically-validated performance-based functional outcome tools used in the assessment of patients undergoing hip and knee surgery.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1431–5.
Eccentric fashions: Prison and creativity
Authors: Lunghi Carla 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Very particular forms of cultural production are presented in this article which explores three Italian brands: Sartoria San Vittore, I Gatti Galeotti and Made in carcere. These brands come from cooperatives working in San Vittore jail in Milan, and Lecce’s and Trani’s jails, and they are located in a very particular position within the Italian fashion system. Within such experiences, creative fashion work seems to develop not only as aesthetic research, experimentation and planning ability, but also as a form of social redemption and inclusion. Prison fashion brands are able to show new cultural ferments introducing, in daily garments, original emotions and stories, which talk of periphery but also of creativity, inclusion and handcraft, and work with the logic of beauty and production quality in order to recover and re-socialize people at the borders. They create a sustainable aesthetics which points to new productive horizons and new lifestyles and consumptions in accordance with contemporary scarcity of economic and cultural resources.
Glycolipozyme membrane protein integrase (MPIase): recent data
Authors: Nishiyama Ken-ichi , Shimamoto Keiko 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA novel factor for membrane protein integration, from the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli, named MPIase (membrane protein integrase), has recently been identified and characterized. MPIase was revealed to be essential for the membrane integration of a subset of membrane proteins, despite that such integration reactions have been, thus far, thought to occur spontaneously. The structure determination study revealed that MPIase is a novel glycolipid comprising a glycan chain with three N-acetylated amino sugars connected to diacylglycerol through a pyrophosphate linker. As MPIase catalyzes membrane protein integration, we propose that MPIase is a glycolipozyme on the basis of its enzyme-like function. The glycan chain exhibits a molecular chaperone-like function by directly interacting with substrate membrane proteins. Moreover, MPIase also affects the dimer structure of SecYEG, a translocon, thereby significantly stimulating preprotein translocation. The molecular mechanisms of MPIase functions will be outlined.
Kinetics of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T or troponin I compared to creatine kinase in patients with revascularized acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Solecki Kamila , Dupuy Anne Marie , Kuster Nils , Leclercq Florence , Gervasoni Richard , Macia Jean-Christophe , Cung Thien-Tri , Lattuca Benoit , Cransac Frédéric , Cade Stéphane , Pasquié Jean-Luc , Cristol Jean-Paul , Roubille François 
Published: November 2014

AbstractCardiac biomarkers are the cornerstone of the biological definition of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The key role of troponins in diagnosis of AMI is well established. Moreover, kinetics of troponin I (cTnI) and creatine kinase (CK) after AMI are correlated to the prognosis. New technical assessment like high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) raises concerns because of its unclear kinetic following the peak. This study aims to compare kinetics of cTnI and hs-cTnT to CK in patients with large AMI successfully treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).We prospectively studied 62 patients with anterior AMI successfully reperfused with primary angioplasty. We evaluated two consecutive groups: the first one regularly assessed by both CK and cTnI methods and the second group by CK and hs-cTnT. Modeling of kinetics was realized using mixed effects with cubic splines.Kinetics of markers showed a peak at 7.9 h for CK, at 10.9 h (6.9–12.75) for cTnI and at 12 h for hs-cTnT. This peak was followed by a nearly log linear decrease for cTnI and CK by contrast to hs-cTnT which appeared with a biphasic shape curve marked by a second peak at 82 h. There was no significant difference between the decrease of cTnI and CK (p=0.63). CK fell by 79.5% (76.1–99.9) vs. cTnI by 86.8% (76.6–92.7). In the hs-cTnT group there was a significant difference in the decrease by 26.5% (9–42.9) when compared with CK that fell by 79.5% (64.3–90.7).Kinetic of hs-cTnT and not cTnI differs from CK. The role of hs-cTnT in prognosis has to be investigated.
An Empirical Study of Chinese EFL Classroom Teaching: A Cognitive Linguistic Approach
Authors: Gao Youmei , Zhang Yun 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAn empirical study of Chinese EFL learners has been carried out in the authentic Chinese EFL classroom on the campus of Tianjin Foreign Studies University, with an aim to verify how and why the cognitive linguistic approach can facilitate L2 or FL learners in the process of learning English as a second or a foreign language. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the EC outperformed the CC both on lexical and grammatical proficiency and on their metaphorical and pragmatic or sociolinguist competence after the classroom treatment. The study has concluded that using CMs and IMs as the motivator and organizer in the process of learning English as a foreign language, the cognitive approach benefits L2 or FL learners with respect to comprehension and retention of memory.
An asymptomatic mother diagnosed with 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency after newborn screening
Authors: Kör Deniz , Mungan Neslihan Önenli , Yılmaz Berna Şeker , Öktem Murat 
Published: November 2014

Abstract3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (3-MCC) deficiency is an autosomal recessively inherited disease of leucine catabolism. It is the most commonly observed organic acidemia where tandem mass spectrometry can be performed in newborn screening. The clinical phenotypes may differ from neurological involvement in newborns to asymptomatic adults. Diagnosis is made by increased 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in blood and 3-methylcrotonylglycine in urine.We would like to present an interesting case of a 32-year-old asymptomatic mother, who was investigated metabolically and diagnosed with 3-MCC deficiency, after a 7-day-old healthy baby referred to our unit with the preliminary diagnosis of organic academia during her extended newborn screening.All of the metabolic findings of the baby were normal except for very low carnitine levels. Her mother’s total and free carnitine levels were also extremely low. Urine organic acid analysis revealed excessively increased 3-methylcrotonylglycine and 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid. Acylcarnitine profile showed markedly elevated C5 hydroxy 3 hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine and decreased C2 acetylcarnitine. In order to confirm the diagnosis of 3-methylcrotonylglycinuria, molecular analysis was done, and IVS3-1G>C/p.T556I compound heterozygote mutation was detected. p.T556I is a novel mutation.We would like to emphasize performing extended metabolic investigations in case of suspicion of metabolic disease in order to diagnose metabolic diseases both in babies and in asymptomatic mothers.
“Mista, Are You in a Good Mood?”: Stylization to Negotiate Interaction in an Urban Hawai’i Classroom
Authors: Lamb Gavin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe transgressive use of language by out-group speakers, or crossing is used in a variety of ways to achieve both affiliative and disaffiliative ends among youths. However, crossing can also be used as an affiliative resource in asymmetrical power relations between teachers and students. Reporting on the findings of a 1.5 year ethnography of an English/language arts classroom at a multilingual and multiethnic public middle school in Hawai’i, this paper explores one teacher’s use of stylization practices which take the form of crossing. The teacher stylizes students’ voices through ventriloquizing, which is an affiliative resource when strategically embedded in ritual oppositional frames of interaction. However, when embedded in other interactional frames, this transgressive use of language results in acts of insult or mocking. I analyze audio recordings of naturally occurring interaction to explore how Hawai’i Creole (or Pidgin) is used transgressively in reported speech by the teacher, an “out-group” individual, for negotiating interactions in his English language arts classroom. Instances of transgressive language emerge as artfully performed strategies that provide a rich site for the construction of affiliative identities. The use of crossing allows the teacher to take liminal stances between offense and respect to strategically manage student participation in this diverse classroom. These findings point to the important role that crossing plays in acts of identity through reported speech where the performance of crossing within positively valued, jocular oppositional classroom rituals demonstrates the capacity for crossing as a contributing factor to the emergence of a shared sense of community in the classroom.
Triazines removal by selective polymeric adsorbent
Authors: Ronka Sylwia , Kujawska Małgorzata , Juśkiewicz Honorata 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate sorption of simazine, atrazine, propazine and terbuthylazine on specific polymeric adsorbent and thereby evaluate the possibility of triazine-based herbicide removal from the aqueous solution. In order to obtain polymer adsorbent for triazines removal, the poly(divinylbenzene) was synthesized in radical polymerization using bead polymerization, and modified with maleic anhydride in Diels–Alder reaction with subsequent base hydrolysis. The porous material containing carboxyl groups was obtained. Experiments have been performed in single and multi-component mixtures of herbicide in the ppm concentration range. Introduction of carboxyl groups into polymer structure resulted in obtaining specific interactions, such as hydrogen bonds between modified poly(divinylbenzene) and triazines, therefore intensification of adsorption was observed. Calculated distribution coefficients of triazines (K = 2600–35 100) testify to their effective removal from aqueous solutions on the studied adsorbent. Selective sorption of triazines is observed and explained in relation to the binding mechanism which involve hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The effect of the adsorbate structure on the ability to form specific interactions with the tested adsorbent was investigated. The kinetic of sorption and the parameters of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms for the studied systems were determined.
Detecting extra dimensions by Hydrogen-like atoms
Authors: Wan-Ping Zhou , Peng Zhou , Hao-Xue Qiao 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
We reconsider the idea in spectroscopy of detecting
extra dimensions by regarding the nucleus as a
homogeneous sphere. In our results, it turns out that the
gravitational potential inside the nucleus is much stronger
than the potential induced by a particle in the same regime
in ref. [16], and thus a more significant correction of the
ground state energy of hydrogen-like atoms is obtained,
which can be used to determine the existence of ADD’s extra
dimensions. In order to get a larger order of magnitude
for the correction, it is better to apply our theory to high-Z
atoms or muonic atoms, where the volume of the nucleus
can’t be ignored and the relativistic effect is important. Our
work is based on the Dirac equation in aweak gravity field,
and the result is more precise.