bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Logistic regression model for the prediction of asthenia development in schizophrenia based on inflammatory blood markers
Authors: Zozulya S. A. , Simonov A. N. , Klyushnik T. P. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAccording to a number of authors, inflammation is involved in the development of asthenic syndrome in different diseases. The results of our own studies indicate that the main feature of the spectrum of inflammatory markers in patients with asthenic syndrome in schizophrenia is low enzymatic activity of leukocyte elastase against the background of high levels of other inflammatory markers. Presumably, the decrease in LE activity may be associated with functional exhaustion of neutrophils and/or their transmigration to the brain through the disrupted blood-brain barrier due to a long-term chronic inflammatory process.ObjectivesTo create a logistic regression model for predicting the development of asthenia in schizophrenia based on the analysis of the association between leukocyte elastase (LE) and α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) activity in blood plasma.MethodsA database including clinical and demographic parameters (ICD-10 diagnosis, duration of the disease, psychometric evaluation according to the PANSS and MFI-20 scales, sex and age) and immunological parameters (enzymatic activity of LE and functional activity of α1-PI in blood plasma) of 95 patients from 22 to 55 years old with paroxysmal-progressive (F20.x1) and paranoid (F20.00) schizophrenia was used to construct the model. An asthenic symptom complex was diagnosed in 61 patients.ResultsA binary logistic regression model linking the probability of developing asthenia to LE and α1-PI activity was constructed by analyzing a database of patients with schizophrenia.P=1/(1+exp [-(11.71-0.057-LE+0.027-α1-PI)] (2), whereP is the probability of asthenia development; exp is the base of the natural logarithm; 11.71 is the regression constant; 0.057 is the coefficient for LE; 0.027 is the coefficient for α1-PI.This model adequately describes the clinical data and has good predictive ability (sensitivity - 93.44%, specificity - 76.47%, AUC - 0.89).ConclusionsA binary logistic regression model was created to predict the development of asthenia in schizophrenia using immunological parameters LE and α1-PI. The model is highly effective and can complement clinical examination of patients with schizophrenia, contributing to the objective diagnosis of asthenic syndrome and, consequently, timely therapeutic correction.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A study exploring regional level predictors of suicide rates across time in Sweden
Authors: Eliasson E. T. , Carli V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn Sweden, four lives are lost to suicide each day. Hence, identifying relevant risk factors to inform effective prevention strategies is key. Such strategies can range from individual (‘micro’) -level prevention methods, to broader national suicide prevention policies.ObjectivesWhilst a range of studies have explored individual-level risk factors, highlighting municipal, regional, or national-level predictors can be valuable to identify broader social and contextual determinants. This study will therefore aim to go beyond proximal predictors of suicide by looking through a wider national- and regional-level lens in Sweden.MethodsThis project will be conducted utilizing routinely collected and publicly available data and applying longitudinal modelling to investigate potential predictors of changes in suicide rates across time in Sweden. More specifically, the study will explore whether regional data on economic (e.g. proportion of state benefit recipients), socio-demographic (e.g. educational level) and healthcare related variables (e.g. trust in the healthcare system) are associated with suicide rates over time.ResultsThis is an ongoing project and results will be available and presented at the time of the conference.Conclusions
Utilizing publicly available data to explore potential predictors of suicide rates is not only cost-effective, but adding such findings to existing knowledge of individual-level risk factors can also be important when targeting wider policy and ensuring effective coordination and implementation of regional suicide prevention strategies.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Introducing the construct of risky cannabis use: designing and piloting a co-created educational intervention on cannabis health literacy among adolescents and young adults. The CAHLY (CAnabis Health LiteracY) study.
Authors: Caballeria E. , Oliveras C. , Guzmán P. , Ballbé M. , Fleur B. , Pol B. , Ilzarbe D. , López-Pelayo H. , Matrai S. , Artigas M. , Pons-Cabrera M. T. , Folch D. , Nuño L. , Balcells-Oliveró M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCannabis use poses a significant risk to the psychological wellbeing of youth, affecting academic performance and potentially triggering the onset of mental health issues. Providing young people with comprehensive information about patterns of cannabis use and specific factors that increase an individual’s health risks is crucial. The ability to critically assimilate this information is known as health literacy (HL).ObjectivesTo design a psychoeducational intervention to increase HL on risky cannabis use among students aged 16-25, and to assess its usability and feasibility.Methods
We designed a psychoeducational intervention based on the outcomes of a 3-hour co-creation session involving healthcare professionals and students. 29 university students and 25 high-school students completed this intervention and assessed its usability and feasibility with the SUS (System Usability Scale), PSSUQ (Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire) and additional open questions regarding the most and less-liked aspects of the intervention.ResultsThe design phase resulted in an informative website (http://www.cahlyclinic.cat/) and a 1-hour structured onsite educator-facilitated session, comprising 3 group activities (completed on paper or online) addressing three dimensions of cannabis HL: searching for, interpreting and applying reliable information. Usability of the intervention was rated as excellent (SUS mean score>80). PSSUQ results indicate that students were satisfied with the intervention; found the HL information clear, relevant, and adequate for their needs; found the interface of the digital version pleasant and usable without support; and would recommend it to other students.ConclusionsWe propose an innovative structured and usable intervention, designed using a participatory approach, which aims to disseminate information on risky cannabis use to a key target population, namely young people.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The polymorphism ZNF804A rs1344706 is differentially associated with negative symptoms domains in schizophrenia
Authors: Lezheiko T. , Kolesina N. , Golimbet V. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionNegative symptoms (NS) are an important clinical characteristic of schizophrenia. In recent years, clinical research on NS has focused on their clinical heterogeneity. Based on two-factor analysis, it has been proposed to divide NS into abulia-apathy (AA) and expressive deficit (ED) domains. A number of studies have shown that these domains have different effects on the clinical features of schizophrenia, which suggests different pathophysiological mechanisms of their development. Neurobiological differences between AA and DE have been identified in neuroimaging and immunological studies but there is less research on the genetic background of NS.ObjectivesTo search for an association between the rs1344706 polymorphism of the zinc finger protein gene (ZNF804A) and the AA and ED subdomains. The rs1344706 polymorphism is one of the best-supported risk variants for schizophrenia. The risk genotype AA has been shown to be associated with clinical presentations of the disease.MethodsThe study included 1116 (741 (66.3% women) patients with schizophrenia. The diagnosis was made according to ICD-10 criteria (item F20). The average age of the patients was 38.4 (13.6) years, age at disease onset was 26.1 (10.6) years. NS were assessed with the PANSS. The PANSS-derived AA domain consisted of Emotional withdrawal (PANSS item N2), Apathetic social withdrawal (N4), Active social avoidance (G16). The DE domain included Blunted affect (N1), Poor rapport (N3), Lack of spontaneity (N6), Mannerism and posturing (G5), Motor retardation (G7), Disturbance of volition (G13). Genotyping of the ZNF804A rs1344706 polymorphism was carried out using HRM-PCR. ANOVA with genotype and sex as independent variables, and age at the time of disease manifestation and its duration as covariates was used. Post hoc tests were performed using Bonferroni correction.ResultsA significant effect of the rs1344706 polymorphism on the severity of symptoms in the AA domain was revealed (F=5.88, df=2, p=0.002). In carriers of the CC genotype, the severity of symptoms was significantly lower than in carriers of the AA genotype and the AC genotype (8.4(3.5), 9.4(7.4) and 8.8(3.5) points, respectively). This effect was independent of sex and was not mediated by age at onset or duration of disease. There was no effect of the rs1344706 polymorphism on the severity of symptoms in the ED domain.ConclusionsThe association of the ZNF804A rs1344706 (A/C) polymorphism with NS of schizophrenia has not been reported so far though some studies have found the effect of this polymorphism on PANSS positive symptoms and PANSS total score. The finding of the association with NS can be explained by the fact that the NS heterogeneity was taken into account in the present study.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Rates of perinatal environment risk factors in schizophrenia patients with higher and lower schizophrenia polygenic risk scores
Authors: Alfimova M. , Gabaeva M. , Lezheiko T. , Plakunova V. , Golimbet V. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionUnderstanding the relations between genetic (G) and environmental (E) factors in the development of schizophrenia is important for psychosis prevention. These relations may vary from G x E correlations to G x E interactions and independent additive effects of genetic load and environment. The G x E interactions mean that genetic variants associated with schizophrenia make an individual vulnerable to specific environmental exposures thus enhancing the risk of disease manifestation in those who possess such genetic variants. In the case of independent effects, environmental exposure might serve as the main cause or an additional to genetic load external trigger which is needed for the illness development. Thus, the rate of independent environmental risk factors is expected to be higher in patients with a lower genetic liability to schizophrenia.ObjectivesThe study aimed to confirm this hypothesis by comparing schizophrenia patients with higher and lower polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia (SZ-PRS) on the rate of urbanicity, winter birth and obstetric complications (OC), as previous data suggested their independence from the genetic burden of the disease.MethodsSZ-PRS were calculated for 861 patients with schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses (ICD-10, F2), predominantly of Slavic decent, based on the latest GWAS. For patients comprising the highest and lowest SZ-PRS deciles, information on the environmental risk factors was extracted from medical records. Each environmental factor was coded as present/absent. The presence were defined as being born in the most urban environment (a city’s population > 5 million), in winter months and having at least one OC from a predefined list (Alfimova et al. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23: 12629). In addition, hypoxia/asphyxia, and low birth weight were analyzed separately. Polyenvirommental risk scores (PERS) aggregating the three factors were calculated using natural logarithms of the odds ratios (OR) from an umbrella review (Radua et al. World Psychiatry 2018; 17: 49-66). Logistic regression adjusted for ancestry-related principal components, demographic, and technical variables was applied to compare the SZ-PRS deciles on each factor and PERS.ResultsNone of the factors alone or PERS predicted SZ-PRS decile membership.ConclusionsThe results did not support the hypothesis. Future research needs reliable data on the frequency of the studied factors in the general population where the patients come from.The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 21-15-00124.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Exercise addiction: is it linked to eating disorders? A cross-sectional study in a sample of Tunisian athlete students
Authors: Smaoui N. , Bouattour O. , Feki R. , Gassara I. , Maalej M. , Charfi N. , Ben Thabet J. , Maalej M. , Omri S. , Zouari L. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEating disorders and sports addiction are becoming increasingly common among athletes.It’s important to be aware of these disorders in order to improve their overall prevention.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to determine the links between exercise addiction (EA) and eating disorders in Tunisian students at the Institute of Physical Education and to examine the factors associated with these disorders.MethodsAn anonymous self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students in the Sfax and Gafsa sports sections during March 2023. The Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) was used to study exercise addiction. It is a scale whose purpose is to separate individuals into 3 groups: those at risk of exercise addiction (score ≥ 24), those non-addicts with symptoms (score 13 to 23) and those non-addicts without symptoms (score 0 to 12).Eating disorders were assessed using the SCOFF-F questionnaire ( Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food), with a score of 2 or more indicating possible eating disorders.ResultsWe collected 240 participants. The mean SCOFF-F and EAI scores were 1.7±1.3 and 16.6 ± 4.1 respectively. Among the participants, 52.9% of students were at risk of developing eating disorders and 2.5% of students were at risk of exercise addiction. In our study, 82.5% of students took part in regular physical activity in a gym. The main reasons for going to the gym were muscle strengthening (57.9%) and preparation for a sporting competition (37%).Among students exercising outside the institute, the mean SCOFF score was significantly higher for those doing so to prepare for a sports competition (p=0.001), for professional obligations (p=0.005) or for weight loss (p=0.001). Participants at risk of exercise addiction had a higher mean SCOFF score, but the difference was not significant (p=0.051).ConclusionsOur study shows that eating disorders were widespread among Tunisian athlete students, and were higher among students at risk of exercise addiction.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Suicidal behaviour and intravenous drug use in chemsex context
Authors: Curto Ramos J. , Rodríguez Laguna A. , Barrio P. , Ibarguchi L. , García A. , Azqueta I. , Dolengevich Segal H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSeveral studies have called atention to the mental health disorders associated with chemsex --the intentional use of drugs before or during sexual intercourse GBMSM (gay, bisexual and men who have sex with men) population-. Sexualized intravenous drug use is also known as slam or slamsex. There are few studies that analyze the mental health differences between intravenous drug users compared to non-intravenous drug users in chemsex context.ObjectivesTo describe the suicidal behaviour in a sample of users with sexualized drug use (chemsex) attended by the non-governmental organization Apoyo Positivo in the program “Sex, Drugs and You” and to compare the suicidal behaviour between intravenous drug users compared to non-intravenous drug users.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive analysis of a sample of users attended by the non-governmental organization Apoyo Positivo in the program “Sex, Drugs and You” between 2016-2019 was performed.ResultsWe included 217 participants. 37 had attempted suicide at least once. The percentage of chemsex users who have attempted suicide were significantly higher in the intravenous drug use group compared to the non-intravenous drug use group (p<0.05).ConclusionsPossible risk factors for suicidal behaviour among chemsex users include slamsex. Other possible risk factors previously described in other studies include adversities experienced due to one’s sexual orientation and an increased risk for HIV and other STI infections. Further studies analyzing the relationship between chemsex, slamsex and suicidal behaviour are needed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Pharmacogenetic intervention in the Child and Adolescent Autism Day Therapeutic Unit
Authors: Alvarez A. , Santamaria N. , Bote V. , Medina R. , Sanchez B. , Mendez I. , Monreal J. A. , Arranz M. J. , Hervas A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe ASD Therapeutic Day Unit is a tertiary care unit that consists of 20 beds, designed to facilitate the evaluation and treatment of children and adolescents with ASD who present high psychiatric comorbidity with behavioral problems, communication/language problems, sensory, and/or in the management of their repetitive and restricted interests. In addition to diagnosis and genetic counseling and clinical care, we offer the possibility of performing an individualized pharmacogenetic study in order to offer appropriate pharmacological treatment to patients with ASD and comorbidities.ObjectivesThe objective is to promote pharmacological tolerability, avoid unwanted side effects, as well as avoid the use of polypharmacy, in children with a tendency to poor drug metabolism.MethodsA review of the medical history of the patients included in the Blood Extraction Program of the ASD Day Therapeutic Unit is carried out during the year 2022. The existing medications at admission, the results of the pharmacogenetic analyzes carried out, and the pertinent changes in the pharmacological treatment of these children.Results37 children were included in the program during 2022. The genes CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and 5-HTT were analyzed. The variant studied is described, as well as the observed genotype and the expected phenotype.Of the 37 patients, 11 maintained the same pharmacological treatment as at the beginning of admission, 5 were not taking pharmacological treatment and 25 underwent a treatment modification.The most frequently modified treatment was risperidone with aripiprazole (n=10), secondly risperidone with guanfacine (n=5), and thirdly fluoxetine with aripiprazole (n=2).Furthermore, the degree of pharmacological polytreatment was reduced. 18 patients switched to a single drug, instead of 14. 11 patients 2 drugs (instead of 14), 3 patients 3 drugs instead of 4 and 5 patients remained without drug treatment.ConclusionsPatients with ASD have worse tolerability to pharmacological treatments than other patients with severe mental disorders.The use of pharmacogenetics allows improving the cost/effectiveness of medical prescription, avoiding undesirable side effects or lack of effectiveness in the treatment of patients with ASD.Promoting the implementation of pharmacogenetics in patients with ASD (among others) would improve the clinical situation of these patients more effectively and would improve the economic expenditure derived from erroneous prescription and/or excessive polypharmacy.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Weight changes in esketamine nasal spray and quetiapine extended-release treated patients with treatment resistant depression: Results from ESCAPE-TRD study
Authors: Reif A. , Fagiolini A. , Buntinx E. , Ruggeri H. , Godinov Y. , Buyze J. , Mulhern-Haughey S. , Bitter I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn ESCAPE-TRD, esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) significantly increased the probability of remission at Week (Wk)8 and being relapse‑free through Wk32 after remission at Wk8 versus (vs) quetiapine extended-release (QTP-XR), in patients (pts) with treatment resistant depression (TRD). Safety data were consistent with established profiles of each treatment, with no new safety signals identified (Reif et al. DGPPN 2022; P-01-04).ObjectivesTo explore weight changes and their impact on treatment discontinuation in ESCAPE-TRD.MethodsESCAPE‑TRD (NCT04338321) was a randomised, open-label, rater-blinded, phase IIIb trial comparing efficacy and safety of ESK-NS vs QTP-XR in pts with TRD. Safety analyses were conducted on pts who received ≥1 dose of study treatment. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were defined as occurring at or after the first dose of study treatment and within 14 days/30 days (non-serious/serious) of the last dose. A ≥7% increase/decrease in weight from screening was considered for evaluation as a TEAE. Weights were measured and are reported as observed, with no missing data imputation.Results336 and 340 pts were randomised to ESK-NS and QTP-XR; 334 and 336 were included in the safety population. Over the 32-week study, a TEAE of weight increase was reported in fewer pts treated with ESK-NS than QTP-XR (9 [2.7%] vs 42 [12.5%]), leading to treatment discontinuation in 0 vs 6 (1.8%) pts, respectively. Incidences of weight increase TEAEs were balanced across pts categorised as normal, overweight or obsese by baseline body mass index (BMI; Figure). A weight decrease TEAE was reported in 7 pts (2.1%) in the ESK-NS arm vs 0 pts in the QTP-XR arm. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) weight at baseline was 76.4 (16.2) kg (ESK-NS; n=334) vs 79.1 (16.9) kg (QTP-XR; n=336). At Wk32, mean weight was maintained (76.5 [16.3] kg) in ESK-NS treated pts (n=249; mean [SD] change from baseline: 0.1 [4.0] kg) and increased (80.7 [15.6] kg) in QTP-XR treated pts (n=203; mean [SD] change from baseline: 2.5 [5.1] kg).Image:ConclusionsIncrease in weight was uncommon with ESK-NS; weight increases were more common with QTP-XR and resulted in more treatment discontinuations. Weight increase was independent from baseline BMI.AcknowledgementsWe thank the patients who participated. Funding: Janssen, medical writing: Costello Medical, UKDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cerebrovascular insult as a consequence of poor health behaviour in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Arnautovic Tahirovic M. , Zuko M. , Lokmic Pekic I. , Sirucic N. , Tahirovic A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCerebrovascular insult (CVI) in patients with psychiatric diseases is to a large extent more prevalent and is accompanied by a worse prognosis after a incident. Despite the higher mortality, these patients are less frequently subjected to CT angiography and interventional intervention on the blood vessels of the brain.ObjectivesTo show the frequency of cerebrovascular insults in patients with schizophrenia (SCH), bipolar affective disorder (BP), and depression, depending on age, gender, socioeconomic characteristics, professional qualifications, and dietary habits.MethodsA total of 1200 patients with SCH, BD and depression were treated over a period of five years.Results11.1% SCH patients had CVI and 3,7% a cases of bipolar afective diseases. CVI was most often experienced by patients who were married, employed, or retired, and who lived in urban areas. Smoking, elevated blood pressure values, elevated BMI do not have a significant impact on the occurrence of CVI in all groups. Patients with elevated values of glucose, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and CRP had a higher incidence of cerebrovascular insult.ConclusionsIt is necessary to work on raising the awareness of people suffering from psychiatric diseases regarding lifestyle and eating habits, and to conduct periodic health examinations. It is important to recognize high-risk patients and educate them about preventive measures.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared