bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downstream wake features of a Rood wing predicted by different turbulence models
Authors: Huong Yieng Teen , Leong Zhi Quan , Conway Alexander , Duffy Jonathan , Ranmuthugala Dev 
Published: July 2024

AbstractComputational fluid dynamics is used to analyze the influence of the horseshoe vortex on the wake features of a simplified geometry representing an underwater vehicle sail (i.e. Rood wing). The sail wake features are of interest as they influence the performance of the downstream components of an underwater vehicle such as the aft appendages and propeller. This paper uses the Rood wing, a generic wing body, mounted on a flat plate as its low aspect ratio is comparable to the underwater vehicle sail and there are substantial published experimental data for validation. Two main simulation schemes were adopted in this paper, i.e. the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and hybrid RANS–large Eddy simulation (LES) incorporating several turbulence models. Both schemes were also examined in their ability to predict the downstream wake features as the literature available to date have primarily focused only on the near-field flow features around the wing root. Three main parameters were investigated including the pressure distribution along the wing’s body, the mean streamwise velocity, and its root mean square fluctuation at three different downstream planes, two in the near field and one in the far field. Results show that the RANS and the hybrid RANS–LES models are capable of predicting the wing-body pressure distribution and the paths of the horseshoe vortex (HSV) as it moves downstream with acceptable numerical dissipation. It was found that different models provided higher accuracy when compared to the experiment depending on the downstream location of the plane. The re-normalization group k-epsilon model with enhanced wall treatment (RNG KE-EN) model captured the wake properties with the highest accuracy within the near field, while further downstream (in the far field), the scale adaptive simulation (SAS) model predicted the flow field with the highest accuracy followed by the RNGKE-EN model.
Spatial resolution measurement method for 3D displays from contrast modulation
Authors: Lee Tae Hee , Jeong Young Ju 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAugmented Reality 3D head-up displays use a autostereoscopic 3D display as a panel. The 3D optical unit of autostereoscopic 3D displays controls the direction of the light rays in each pixel, allowing the users enjoy 3D world without glasses. However, these 3D optics cause image quality degradation. Deterioration of resolution has a serious impact on 3D image quality. Therefore, it is important to properly measure the 3D resolution according to 3D optics and analyze its impact. In this study, a method for measuring spatial resolution in 3D displays using contrast modulation is proposed. We describe a conventional 2D resolution measurement methods that are standardized. Based on the existing 2D resolution methods, we propose a 3D resolution method. The spatial and frequency signal responses of 3D displays were investigated. The first method is determined by the predominant frequency series. The second method is conducted by contrast modulation. Through experiments with 3D displays, 3D resolution was measured using the proposed method, and the relationship between the parameters and resolution of 3D optics was examined.
Partial separability and symplectic-Haantjes manifolds
Authors: Reyes Daniel , Tempesta Piergiulio , Tondo Giorgio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA theory of partial separability for classical Hamiltonian systems is proposed in the context of Haantjes geometry. As a general result, we show that the knowledge of a non-semisimple symplectic-Haantjes manifold for a given Hamiltonian system is sufficient to construct sets of coordinates (called Darboux-Haantjes coordinates) that allow both the partial separability of the associated Hamilton-Jacobi equations and the block-diagonalization of the operators of the corresponding Haantjes algebra. We also introduce a novel class of Hamiltonian systems, characterized by the existence of a generalized Stäckel matrix, which by construction are partially separable. They widely generalize the known families of partially separable Hamiltonian systems. The new systems can be described in terms of semisimple but non-maximal-rank symplectic-Haantjes manifolds.
Nest structure and breeding success in two tit species: a long-term study
Authors: Glądalski Michał , Bańbura Mirosława , Kaliński Adam , Markowski Marcin , Skwarska Joanna , Wawrzyniak Jarosław , Zieliński Piotr , Bańbura Jerzy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
One of the most critical functions of nests in parids is thermal insulation, particularly during egg incubation by females and during the first week of the hatchlings’ life when they are poikilothermic. Several avian studies reported associations between aspects of breeding success and nest parameters. In this study, we present results regarding long-term (eleven breeding seasons) impact of nest parameters on breeding characteristics in Great Tits (Parus major) and Eurasian Blue Tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) in a deciduous forest and an urban parkland study area. Our findings indicate that in Great Tits and Eurasian Blue Tits the number of fledglings (and in Eurasian Blue Tits also clutch size tended to be) was positively associated with lining mass and was influenced by the study area, with higher values observed in the forest. Additionally, there was a relationship between lining mass and higher hatching success in both tit species. We also demonstrated that both clutch size and number of fledglings were higher in Great Tits in the forest and in Eurasian Blue Tits the number of fledglings was higher in the forest. The study site also impacted hatching success, with Great Tits showing higher rates in the forest, and fledging success for Eurasian Blue Tits being higher in the forest. The number of fledglings differed between years in Great Tits and hatching success and fledging success differed between years in both Great and Eurasian Blue Tit species. We conclude that avian nests play an important role during reproduction, and the materials used to construct nests contribute to various functional properties. However, further studies are needed to establish clear relationships between nest parameters and breeding performance.
A 2-Year Longitudinal Randomized Control Trial of Speed of Processing Cognitive Training in Aging Adults with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Results of the Think Fast Study
Authors: Vance David E. , Fazeli Pariya L. , Azuero Andres , Frank Jennifer S. , Wadley Virginia G. , Raper James L. , Pope Caitlin N. , Ball Karlene K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNearly 40% of people with HIV (PWH) experience HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND). In this 3-group efficacy study, 216 PWH 40 + years with HAND or borderline HAND were randomized to either: (1) 10 h of SOP training (n = 70); (2) 20 h of SOP training (n = 73), or (3) 10 h of Internet navigation training (n = 73; contact control group). Participants were administered a measure of SOP [i.e., the Useful Field of View Test (UFOV®)] at baseline, at posttest immediately after training, and at year 1 and year 2 follow up. Intent-to-treat linear mixed-effect models with subject-specific intercept and slope were fitted to estimate between-group mean differences at the follow-up time-points. At the post-intervention time-point, small beneficial SOP training effects were observed for the 10-h group in UFOV® total (d = 0.28, p = 0.002). Effects were of larger magnitude for the 20-h group in these same outcomes [UFOV® total (d = 0.43, p < 0.001)]. These results indicated better benefit with more training. No intervention effect was observed at year 1. At year 2, beneficial effects of small magnitude were observed again in the 10-h group [UFOV® total (d = 0.22, p = 0.253)] with larger small-to-moderate magnitude in the 20-h group [UFOV® total (d = 0.32, p = 0.104)]. This study suggests that SOP training can improve a key indicator of this cognitive performance and that treatment gains are small-to-moderate over a two-year period. Prior literature suggests slower SOP is predictive of impairment in everyday functioning in older PWH; such an approach could potentially improve everyday functioning in PWH.
An offset calibration scheme for on-chip thermal profiling with differential temperature sensors
Authors: Yan Mengting , Onabajo Marvin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces an on-chip analog calibration method tailored for differential temperature sensors in thermal monitoring applications. A three-step calibration process is proposed within a two-stage high-gain instrumentation amplifier to compensate for the output voltage offset due to device mismatches and on-chip temperature gradients. The calibration circuits were designed in a standard 65 nm CMOS process for simulation. Results indicate that an input-referred offset with a mean of 0.2 μV can be achieved after calibration, through which the standard deviation is greatly reduced fromσ = 880.3 toσ = 5086 μV. Furthermore, the proposed analog offset calibration scheme has negligible impact on the sensitivity of the complete temperature sensor circuit, as shown by Monte Carlo and process-temperature corner simulation results.
Using interfacial behavior and adsorption kinetics measurements as a predictor of bulk hydrophobic development of paper supercritically impregnated with food-grade waxes
Authors: Hutton-Prager Brenda Helen , Fallon Joseph P. , Henke Blake , Zhang Raymond , Perera Withanage Keshani Rangika 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSupercritical Impregnation methods are becoming popular in the development of food packaging materials. Bulk functional improvements of cellulose substrates using this method may be influenced by interfacial interactions between the impregnated solutes and cellulose. Hence, an interfacial adsorption kinetics study of solute molecules onto the substrate can provide insight on bulk property development, leading to an optimized packaging material with improved functionality. Paper substrates were impregnated with two food-grade waxes: Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) and Carnauba Wax (CW). Hydrophobic development was monitored over a 3-week period. A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) was used to determine interfacial characteristics and behavior of each wax with cellulose, and adsorption kinetics were quantified to compare the mass transfer processes of each wax at the interface. AKD significantly contributed to the substrate’s hydrophobic development over time. CW generated mildly hydrophobic substrates only when heated. AKD strongly adhered to the cellulose fibers at the interface, and demonstrated a 3-stage kinetic adsorption process, tentatively assigned (i) diffusion through the solvent; (ii) diffusion through the substrate; and (iii) attachment onto the fibers. CW readily washed off the cellulose surface, demonstrating only the first adsorption process. The different chemical structures also impacted these behaviors, as did concentration and temperature.
Graphical Abstract
Spoken Spanish PoS tagging: gold standard dataset
Authors: Bonilla Johnatan E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of a benchmark for part-of-speech (PoS) tagging of spoken dialectal European Spanish is presented, which will serve as the foundation for a future treebank. The benchmark is constructed using transcriptions of the Corpus Oral y Sonoro del Español Rural (COSER;“Audible corpus of spoken rural Spanish”) and follows the Universal Dependencies project guidelines. We describe the methodology used to create a gold standard, which serves to evaluate different state-of-the-art PoS taggers (spaCy, Stanza NLP, and UDPipe), originally trained on written data and to fine-tune and evaluate a model for spoken Spanish. It is shown that the accuracy of these taggers drops from 0.98$$-$$
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0.99 to 0.94$$-$$
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0.95 when tested on spoken data. Of these three taggers, the spaCy’s trf (transformers) and Stanza NLP models performed the best. Finally, the spaCy trf model is fine-tuned using our gold standard, which resulted in an accuracy of 0.98 for coarse-grained tags (UPOS) and 0.97 for fine-grained tags (FEATS). Our benchmark will enable the development of more accurate PoS taggers for spoken Spanish and facilitate the construction of a treebank for European Spanish varieties.
Examining the effect of augmented reality experience duration on reading comprehension and cognitive load
Authors: Şimşek Bilal , Direkci Bekir , Koparan Betül , Canbulat Mehmet , Gülmez Mevlüt , Nalçacıgil Emel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the duration of students’ augmented reality (AR) experience on reading comprehension and cognitive load in reading activities carried out with an augmented reality storybook. The participants are 134 secondary school students aged between 11 and 12 attending a school in Antalya. They were divided into three groups. The same texts were designed with different AR durations producing three different AR storybooks. At the pre-test all groups read the coursebook texts in a traditional manner and then answered the comprehension items. At the post-test groups read the texts in accordance with their specific AR design and answered the items. In addition, the students completed the cognitive load survey after reading AR storybooks. The results of the within-group evaluations showed that the use of AR content had a strong effect on their reading comprehension. Therefore, it can be stated that augmented reality storybooks increase the reading comprehension performance of the children aged 11–12. In the comparisons between the groups, it is found that the comprehension scores of Group-2 (24–27 s) and Group-3 (37–39 s) were significantly higher than Group-1 (11–13 s). In addition, the cognitive loads of Group-2 and Group-3 are significantly lower than Group-1. On the other hand, it is found that the group with the lowest mental load was Group-2. These results suggest that the duration of AR content while reading a storybook has an impact on the students’ comprehension and cognitive load.
Numerical modeling on wave–current flows and bed shear stresses over an algal reef
Authors: Lan Yi-Ru , Huang Zhi-Cheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCurrents in coastal zones under multiple mechanisms in terms of tides, waves, wind, and high roughness are difficult to model; bed shear stresses under wave–current flows are particularly challenging yet not being well studied. Few studies reported the modeling and validation of the bed shear stress in reef environments. In this paper, we present the first direct assessment of numerical modeling on depth-averaged currents and bed shear stresses over an algal reef using a coupled wave–current model (Delft-3D). The modeled results were validated and compared to the field observed data. The model considers hydrodynamic forcing in terms of tides, waves, wind stresses, and bed friction. Results show that the model generally reproduces the depth-averaged currents and bed shear stresses when considering all the mechanisms. Two numerical cases with and without wind forcing were tested to examine the effects of the winds. We found that the tide is mostly the primary factor driving the current, even in shallow waters within a depth of 3 m; however, the currents are also significantly affected by wind speeds and wind directions during high-wind events. When the wind direction is in the same direction as the tidal current, the current speed increases, suggesting the importance of the wind stress on the coastal currents. In addition, two models were chosen to study the nonlinear enhancement of bed shear stress by waves. We found a significant difference between the two models in predicting the bed shear stresses compared to the observed data. Nonlinear contribution from wave enhances the magnitude of bed shear stresses, which reduces the model error. The results highlight the nonlinear interaction between waves and currents is meaningful in predicting the bed shear stresses during high-wave-orbital motions; improvement of the present wave-current nonlinear interaction model for predicting the bed shear stresses may be needed.
A bibliometric and systematic review of scientific publications on metaverse research in architecture: web of science (WoS)
Authors: Mutlu Avinç Güneş , Yıldız Aslı 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe global trends related to the concept of Metaverse in architecture have significantly expanded in recent years, thanks to the increasing number of scientific publications. Systematically examining the literature on this topic and identifying research trends and potential directions provides comprehensive data maps, thus charting a roadmap for researchers interested in working in this field. In this context, the research aims to identify the trends and tendencies of the concept of the Metaverse in the scientific literature over time at the primary analysis levels, such as countries, institutions, resources, articles, authors, and research topics. The research conducted with this aim involves a dynamic, visual, and systematic examination of the academic literature on academic publishing using data accessed without year limitations from the Web of Science Core Collection-Citation database. In the research conducted without year limitations, a sample comprising 334 articles published/planned to be published between 2005 and 2024 is analyzed. The bibliometrix R-Tool was used to enhance the analysis, and metadata was obtained from the WoS database. This analysis analyzed publications, citations, and information sources, including the most published journals, the most used keywords, the most cited and leading articles, the most cited academics, and the most contributing institutions and countries. In conclusion, this study aims to define the profile of international academic publishing in the field of the Metaverse, present its development, identify research fronts, detect emerging trends, and uncover the working themes and trends in the Metaverse specific to architecture. This study describes the profile of international academic publishing on the metaverse, presents its development, identifies research frontiers, identifies emerging trends, and reveals metaverse study themes and trends in architecture. As a result, education, virtual perception of space, building operation and maintenance, building evacuation, BIM (Building Information Modeling), cultural heritage, physical environment, built environment/planning, smart home, design and creativity, universal design/accessibility, sustainability, smart city/GIS, urban transportation systems, and in-use evaluation are identified as themes that have been studied in relation to the metaverse concept in architecture and design disciplines.
Investigation of Menstrual Hygiene and Self-Care Skills of Adolescent Girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Mother Views
Authors: Arslan Rukiye , Yanık Derya , Pekşen Akça Raziye 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Puberty a period of transition from childhood to adulthood, poses problems that are difficult to manage for typically developing adolescents, but even more difficult for adolescents with autism. It is vital that girls with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), like their typically developing peers, are able to manage these physiological processes in a healthy way and learn self-care and hygiene behaviours without being dependent on others. Given the contribution of mothers to the menstrual hygiene and self-care skills of adolescent girls, this study aims to explore the views of mothers.

Methods
The study is a case study designed in the qualitative research model. The research was carried out with the participation of 10 mothers met the necessary criteria and agreed to take part in the study voluntarily. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive and thematic analysis. Codes, sub-themes and main themes were created.

Results
The research identifies the themes of self-care and menstrual hygiene, preparations made during menstruation, behavioral problems in adolescents, the person who carries out hygiene and self-care, and situations that tire/strain mothers during menstruation.

Conclusion
At the end of the research, it was concluded that the adolescent girls with ASD are mostly unable to perform their self-care and hygiene adequately, and that the mothers do nothing to prepare their daughters for adolescence. It was also concluded that the most stressful situation for mothers during adolescence is usually the difficulty their daughters have in using sanitary pads, cleaning armpits and genital hair, and bathing.
SACCIA Communication, Attitudes Towards Cheating and Academic Misconduct
Authors: Stojanov Ana , Hannawa Annegret , Adam Lee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcademic misconduct by students is a serious issue that threatens the public trust in higher education institutions. In the current study, we examine whether SACCIA (Sufficient, Accurate, Clear, Contextualised and Interpersonally Adaptive) communication predicts lower academic misconduct via attitudes towards cheating and understanding what ‘counts’ as academic misconduct. Participants (N = 319) completed an online questionnaire in Qualtrics measuring SACCIA-adherent communication, academic misconduct, positive attitudes towards cheating and understanding what constitutes misconduct, along with control variables (Big 5 personality traits and Honesty-Humility). The results indicated that the effect of SACCIA communication on academic misconduct was exerted via attitudes, but not via understanding of what constitutes ‘academic misconduct’. The more SACCIA-conforming the communication was, the lower the positive attitudes towards cheating, and the lower the positive attitudes the less self-reported misconduct. The findings suggest that universities could facilitate negative attitudes towards cheating and subsequently lower misconduct if they communicate about academic integrity in a SACCIA-adherent manner.
The biased narrative of vulnerable women: gender analysis of smallholder farmers’ contextual vulnerability to climate change in the Taita Hills, Kenya
Authors: Palosaari Maiju , Autio Antti , Mbinga Elizabeth , Pellikka Petri , Johansson Tino 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate change is increasing challenges in the agricultural sector for smallholder farmers. A key element in successful formulation of adaptation strategies is the analysis of vulnerability to climate change. This study examines smallholder farmers’ contextual vulnerability to climate change through their perceived vulnerability and focuses on gendered narratives and power structures in the Taita Hills, Kenya. The key methods are semi-structured interviews (N = 28) and a critical discourse analysis. The collected data consists of two-headed household interviews, single-headed household interviews, and key informant interviews with different stakeholders from the agriculture sector. Results indicate that contextual vulnerability can form a baseline for understanding individuals’ possibilities to adapt to changing environmental and climatic conditions. Outcome vulnerability analysis, that treats vulnerability as an endpoint output following mitigation actions, offers highly relevant information, but it is not alone enough for understanding the challenges and possibilities of climate change adaptation. Women and men farmers’ coping and adaptation response strategies did not differ notably, which supports the criticism of the gendered nature of vulnerability discourse. Differences in strategies appeared to be more linked in intersectional aspects between farmers in single-headed and two-headed households. Furthermore, the vulnerable women narrative did not reflect women farmers’ agency and centrality in the agriculture sector. The discourse of climate change adaptation should be corrected towards addressing structural challenges that can place people in a vulnerable position within diverse contextual conditions and intersecting attributes.