bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparação de métodos bidimensionais manuais e tridimensionais automatizados de avaliação da morfologia da articulação do ombro por imagens de tomografia computadorizada
Authors: Rocha Motta Filho Geraldo da , Amaral Marcus Vinícius , Cohen Márcio , Carvalho Marcio Schiefer de Sá , Fonseca Raphael Soares da , Oliveira Ana Carolina Leal de 
Published: July 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar a concordância interobservador na medida dos parâmetros anatômicos do ombro utilizando métodos manuais de tomografia computadorizada (TC) bidimensional (2D) não formatada no plano da escápula e compará-los à medida automatizada obtida com o programa Blueprint (Wright Medical, Memphis, TN, Estados Unidos), que utiliza imagens tridimensionais (3D) reconstruídas.
Métodos Este é um estudo transversal com a utilização de imagens de TC 2D de 38 pacientes com diferentes diagnósticos. Os parâmetros anatômicos foram medidos por métodos manuais - versão, método de Friedman et al., e método do vault; inclinação, por método de Maurer et al., e subluxação do ombro segundo Walch et al. As mensurações foram realizadas por cinco cirurgiões qualificados e independentes, e comparados aos parâmetros obtidos pelo programa automatizado Blueprint.
Resultados Foram observadas diferenças significativas entre a versão de medida manual obtida pelo método de Friedman et al. e a versão automatizada. Os valores médios de inclinação não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os métodos. A média observada de subluxação teve diferenças significativas entre as análises realizadas pelo método automatizado e pelos cirurgiões.
Conclusão As medidas manuais de versão e inclinação da glenoide realizadas por cirurgiões experientes são eficazes, e o método da abóbada é superior ao de Friedman et al. na análise de deformidades glenoidais graves.
Addressing Glass Contamination in Radiology: What Can We Do to Minimize Its Impact?
Authors: Perera Seran , Kumar Shanesh , Zadow Steven , Lim WanYin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction There is a risk of glass contamination with the use of single-dose glass ampoules. Complications of injection include infection and granuloma formation and this is widely described in anesthetic literature. To date, there is no data on the effect of different ampoule opening methods on the degree of glass contamination.
Purpose This article explores different ampoule opening methods and determines if any method is superior to the others with respect to glass contamination frequency. This article also increases awareness of glass contamination and its potential complications in the radiology community.
Methods A controlled trial was undertaken with 15 glass ampoules filled with normal saline, divided into three groups. The ampoules in each of the group were opened via each method: freehand, ampoule breaker, and ampoule opener. The solution was aspirated with an 18-gauge drawing-up needle, which was centrifuged and decantered to be placed onto slides and inspected under light microscopy to assess the glass contaminants.
Results Between each cohort, the freehand opening provided the least number of glass particles with 42, followed by the ampoule breaker and snapper. The greatest size of glass contamination was seen from the ampoule snapper at 300 μm, while the lowest average particle size was seen from the ampoule breaker.
Conclusion The study confirmed presence of glass contamination in all three methods. Freehand opening minimized the number of particulates, while the ampoule breaker minimized the average particulate size. The ampoule snapper produced larger glass particulates in the trials and was deemed the least effective method.
Hearing Improvement after Radiation Therapy for a Facial Nerve Schwannoma: Report of a Case and Review of Literature
Authors: Pecorari Isabella L. , Ghosh Sayak R. , Moskowitz Howard S. , Agarwal Vijay 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction While facial nerve schwannomas are considered benign, they can impart various significant clinical effects due to pressure on nearby cerebrovascular structures within the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Although surgical resection and/or radiation therapy often provide definitive treatment of such tumors, posttreatment hearing loss is a common finding. In this report, we present the case of a patient with a facial nerve schwannoma successfully treated with radiotherapy with resultant hearing improvement, an extremely rare clinical finding.
Case Presentation A 63-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of progressively worsening hearing loss and tinnitus. Brain imaging demonstrated an enhancing lesion of the right CPA measuring 2.7 × 2.1 × 3.1 cm. Pretreatment audiometry evaluation revealed sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear with a pure-tone average (PTA) of 74 dB, speech threshold (ST) of 75 dB, and speech discrimination (SD) of 0%. The patient proceeded with attempted surgical resection, aborted due to significant facial nerve stimulation, and ultimately underwent radiation therapy (50.4 Gy, 28 fractions). At the 1-year follow-up visit, the patient reports subjective hearing loss resolution with PTA of 34 dB, 30 dB ST, and 88% SD on audiological evaluation.
Conclusion Although radiation therapy for schwannomas within the CPA has historically been associated with hearing loss, fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) may provide improved clinical outcomes compared with high-dose radiosurgery. Given the effectiveness of this treatment modality and improved quality of life offered to patients over surgery, FSRT may be considered an initial management option for patients with facial nerve schwannomas.
High-speed rail new towns and their impacts on urban sustainable development: a spatial analysis based on satellite remote sensing data
Authors: Zou Shaohui , Fan Xiangbo , Wang Lei , Cui Yuanzheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the rapid expansion of China’s high-speed rail network, numerous high-speed rail new towns have been established. While these new towns have brought about significant economic opportunities, they also impose pressure on local resources and environment. Accurately assessing the impacts of high-speed rail new towns on urban sustainable development is therefore a crucial issue to address. Our study employs satellite remote sensing data and spatial econometric methods to evaluate the impacts of 223 high-speed rail new towns in China from 2011 to 2021. The results indicate a gradual narrowing of development disparities among high-speed rail new towns in different cities. The construction of high-speed rail new towns has facilitated the sustainable development of cities. Notably, central high-speed rail new towns demonstrate a more considerably driving effect on the urban sustainable development compared to peripheral ones. The findings of the study provide valuable insights for policymakers and urban planners in China and other countries embarking on high-speed rail development projects. Our research highlights the importance of considering the potential impacts of high-speed rail new towns on the urban sustainable development and the need for careful planning and management to ensure that these newly-established towns contribute to a more sustainable urban future.
Compact ultrafast neutron sources via bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap
Authors: Lei Zhiyu , Ma Hanghang , Zhang Xiaobo , Yu Lin , Zhang Yihang , Li Yutong , Weng Suming , Chen Min , Zhang Jie , Sheng Zhengming 
Published: July 2024

A scheme for a quasi-monoenergetic high-flux neutron source with femtosecond duration and highly anisotropic angular distribution is proposed. This scheme is based on bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap or density grating formed by two counter-propagating laser pulses at an intensity of ∼1016W/cm2 in a near-critical-density plasma. The deuterons are first pre-accelerated to an energy of tens of keV in the ambipolar fields formed in the optical trap. Their energy is boosted to the MeV level by another one or two laser pulses at an intensity of ∼1020W/cm2, enabling fusion reactions to be triggered with high efficiency. In contrast to previously proposed pitcher–catcher configurations, our scheme can provide spatially periodic acceleration structures and effective collisions between deuterons inside the whole target volume. Subsequently, neutrons are generated directly inside the optical trap. Our simulations show that neutron pulses with energy 2–8 MeV, yield 1018–1019n/s, and total number 106–107 in a duration ∼400 fs can be obtained with a 25 μm target. Moreover, the neutron pulses exhibit unique angularly dependent energy spectra and flux distributions, predominantly along the axis of the energy-boosting lasers. Such microsize femtosecond neutron pulses may find many applications, such as high-resolution fast neutron imaging and nuclear physics research.
Non-adiabatic electronic relaxation of tetracene from its brightest singlet excited state
Authors: Scognamiglio A. , Thalmann K. S. , Hartweg S. , Rendler N. , Bruder L. , Coto P. B. , Thoss M. , Stienkemeier F. 
Published: July 2024

The ultrafast relaxation dynamics of tetracene following UV excitation to the bright singlet state S6 has been studied with time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. With the help of high-level ab initio multireference perturbation theory calculations, we assign photoelectron signals to intermediate dark electronic states S3, S4, and S5 as well as to a low-lying electronic state S2. The energetic structure of these dark states has not been determined experimentally previously. The time-dependent photoelectron yields assigned to the states S6, S5, and S4 have been analyzed and reveal the depopulation of S6 within 60 fs, while S5 and S4 are populated with delays of about 50 and 80 fs. The dynamics of the lower-lying states S3 and S2 seem to agree with a delayed population coinciding with the depopulation of the higher-lying states S4–S6 but could not be elucidated in full detail due to the low signal levels of the corresponding two-photon ionization probe processes.
Infrared spectra of partially deuterated water dimers in the fundamental O–D stretch region
Authors: Barclay A. J. , McKellar A. R. W. , Moazzen-Ahmadi N. 
Published: July 2024

Spectra of mixed H/D water dimers are studied in the mid-infrared region of the O–D stretch fundamental (2630–2800 cm−1) using a pulsed supersonic slit jet and a tunable optical parametric oscillator infrared source. Over 30 bands, belonging to nine of the ten possible isotopologues (only H2O–HOD is missed), are observed and analyzed. The implications for excited state tunneling splittings, lifetime effects, and vibrational shifts are discussed. These are the first significant new experimental results on (gas phase) mixed water dimers in over 25 years, and they are valuable for testing water dimer theoretical calculations, a field which continues to be of lively current interest.
New preliminary records of the Ranong guitarfish (Rhinobatos ranongensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2019) in Southwest Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Ichsan Muhammad , Pridina Niomi , Herman  
Published: July 2024

We recorded 23 Ranong guitarfish (Rhinobatos ranongensis) in Southwest Aceh, Indonesia. Measured specimens ranged between 72 and 87 cm total length. There are 20 recorded guitarfish species (Genus Rhinobatos) and so far, three of them have been recorded in Indonesia: Jimbaran shovelnose ray (Rhinobatos jimbaranensis), Indonesian shovelnose ray (Rhinobatos pengali) and Shaw’s shovelnose guitarfish (Rhinobatos thouiniana). Rhinobatos ranongensis is listed as Vulnerable by IUCN and found in the Eastern Indian Ocean. The only recorded samples are from Andaman Sea, Myanmar and western Thailand. The specimens that landed in Southwest Aceh is the first recorded in Indonesia and the largest ever recorded.
Reintroduction to the edge of its range: quenda (Isoodon fusciventer) to Wadderin Sanctuary in the eastern wheatbelt of Western Australia
Authors: Short Jeff 
Published: July 2024

Context Quenda (bandicoots, Isoodon fusciventer) have shown a major decline in range since European settlement, contracting to the more mesic coastal and forest zones in south-west Western Australia. Key actions to recover this species include broad-scale fox control, cat control and reintroductions. Most reintroductions have been to coastal and forest habitats. Aims To monitor the reintroduction of quenda to fox-free habitat of Wadderin Sanctuary in the wheatbelt of Western Australia, close to the eastern and drier margin of the species’ former range. Methods Relative abundance of the population was monitored over a 12-year period by regular standardised trapping throughout the sanctuary. Key results Quenda were reintroduced in 2010 and have persisted for >12 years. They were protected from fox predation by an exclusion fence, but were subject to a low level of cat predation for the first 8 years. Quenda showed both a ~20% drop in mean body condition over time and a trend of decreasing number of pouch young per female over time, likely a result of a succession of dry years and intra-and inter-specific competition for food resources. However, despite this, the index of abundance suggests that quenda numbers substantially increased, aided by high annual recruitment, in years following removal of the feral cat. Conclusions Quenda appear resilient at this site despite consecutive years of very low rainfall and apparent competition for food resources. Implications Quenda seem able to persist on the drier margin of their former range when protected from high levels of predation.
Optimal design of large-scale nonlinear Bayesian inverse problems under model uncertainty
Authors: Alexanderian Alen , Nicholson Ruanui , Petra Noemi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We consider optimal experimental design (OED) for Bayesian nonlinear inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) under model uncertainty. Specifically, we consider inverse problems in which, in addition to the inversion parameters, the governing PDEs include secondary uncertain parameters. We focus on problems with infinite-dimensional inversion and secondary parameters and present a scalable computational framework for optimal design of such problems. The proposed approach enables Bayesian inversion and OED under uncertainty within a unified framework. We build on the Bayesian approximation error (BAE) approach, to incorporate modeling uncertainties in the Bayesian inverse problem, and methods for A-optimal design of infinite-dimensional Bayesian nonlinear inverse problems. Specifically, a Gaussian approximation to the posterior at the maximum a posteriori probability point is used to define an uncertainty aware OED objective that is tractable to evaluate and optimize. In particular, the OED objective can be computed at a cost, in the number of PDE solves, that does not grow with the dimension of the discretized inversion and secondary parameters. The OED problem is formulated as a binary bilevel PDE constrained optimization problem and a greedy algorithm, which provides a pragmatic approach, is used to find optimal designs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for a model inverse problem governed by an elliptic PDE on a three-dimensional domain. Our computational results also highlight the pitfalls of ignoring modeling uncertainties in the OED and/or inference stages.
Comparative study of sodium and potassium compounds as promoters for growth of monolayer MoS2 with high crystal quality on SiO2/Si substrate
Authors: Xiong Jun , Wu Qiang , Cai Xinwei , Zhu Yiming , Lin Guangyang , Li Cheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Monolayer MoS2 is promising candidate for fabrication of optoelectronic devices due to its direct bandgap nature and high carrier mobility. Alkali metal compounds have been demonstrated to be helpful promoters for the growth of large single crystal monolayer MoS2 on SiO2/Si substrate. However, the catalytic mechanism of alkali metal compounds is still under debate. Herein, we compared the surface morphology, optical properties, and electrical properties of monolayer MoS2 flakes grown on SiO2/Si substrate assisted by promoters containing potassium or sodium cations and halogen (chlorine) or non-halogen (hydroxide) anions, i.e. NaCl, NaOH, KCl and KOH. Based on the analysis of existing growth mechanism, we proposed that the alkali metal cation, plays a dominant role in promoting the lateral growth of monolayer MoS2 and obtaining high crystal quality. Furthermore, potassium has a greater promoting effect than sodium. By optimizing growth conditions, monolayer triangular MoS2 flakes with large lateral size over 160 μm were grown assisted by KCl promoter. Raman and PL spectra verified excellent crystal quality of the flakes, with typical electron mobilities of 2.98 and 20 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the back-gated filed effect transistors fabricated on as-grown and fresh SiO2/Si substrates, respectively.
On the thermodynamics of Barium Oxyfluoride precursor in YBCO growth via the MOD process
Authors: De Angelis M , Tomellini M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Barium Oxyfluoride plays an important role, as a precursor species, in the nucleation and growth of YBa2Cu3O7−δ
(YBCO) via the low fluorine metal organic decomposition (MOD low-fluorine) route. In this contribution, we present a study on the thermodynamics of oxyfluoride by processing experimental data on YBCO growth on LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates. The analysis allows one to determine the standard enthalpy and the standard entropy changes for oxyfluoride formation from barium oxide and barium fluoride. To identify the thermodynamically more favorable route to oxyfluoride formation in the MOD low-fluorine process, the free energy change for the formation of the precursor, through reactions involving gas water, has been determined. The free energy of formation via fluoride and water indicates higher stability of oxygen rich oxyfluoride for

P

HF

2

P

H

2

O

<

10

−
6

. In the framework of nucleation theory, the present results are needed to study the effect of precursor composition on film orientation.
Features of magnetic structures in perforated films due to the finite thickness of the sample
Authors: Magadeev Eugene , Vakhitov Robert , Kanbekov Raushan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The paper examines ferromagnetic films with strong uniaxial anisotropy of the ‘easy plane’ type, in which vortex-like inhomogeneities can arise in the presence of artificially created perforations. A universal approach has been developed that makes it possible to reduce the problem of calculating demagnetizing fields in a film of arbitrary thickness to the simplest case, when the film thickness is large. It has been shown that the influence of demagnetizing fields causes the magnetization vector to necessarily move out of the sample plane, and the spatial distribution of magnetization corresponding to this effect has been studied. It has been revealed that the contribution of demagnetizing fields to the total energy of the magnet changes slightly during the transition from a homogeneous structure to an inhomogeneous one.
Non-pillar mining of upper coal seam layers with double-roadway driving using a flexible-formwork pre-cast partition wall
Authors: Cao Xiaofan , Wang Song , Wang Xiaoli , Lei Pingbo , chen Wenfu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
When mining layered coal seams, three-soft coal seams, high-gas coal seams, or hard-roof coal seams with the application of gob-side entry retention technology, various practical problems that seriously threaten construction safety arise, such as roadway deformation, shear failure of the roadway supporting body, and air leakage in the goaf. To effectively address these issues, in this work, a novel, pillar-free, coal mining technique based on a flexible-formwork pre-cast partition wall was proposed and applied to a case study: working face 2301 (upper) at Yuecheng Coal Mine, China. The principles of the technique and the characteristics of the movement in the surrounding rock were comprehensively examined. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the support parameters of the roadway and flexible-formwork pre-cast partition wall were determined and applied in the case study. From our analysis, it was demonstrated that the parameters of the flexible-formwork pre-cast partition wall and roadway support are reasonably designed, achieving effective roadway retention. Combined with a top cutting and pressure relief process, the roadway deformation can be eventually stabilised with the mining of the working face and does not affect the subsequent use of the roadway. From the acquired data, a good agreement between the field real-time measurements and the numerical simulation software measurements was found, which is helpful for the analysis of technological perspectives of the proposed framework. The introduced technology can effectively solve the technical problems existing in the traditional gob-side entry retention. It can not only realize non-pillar mining, but also double-roadway driving without coal pillars in 2301 working face can be achieved, which significantly improves the technical and economic index of the mine.
A load impedance emulation active interface for piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters
Authors: Schiavo Alessandro Lo , Costanzo Luigi , Vitelli Massimo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A single stage active AC/DC electronic interface able to emulate the optimal load impedance of a Resonant Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester (RPVEH) is proposed. As theoretically shown, unlike an electronic interface that emulates an optimal load generator, an interface that emulates an optimal load impedance does not require adaptation to the acceleration of input vibrations. This allows the use of a very simple control, avoiding the implementation of Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithms that require lossy microcontrollers. Thus, the proposed interface is equipped with a simple analog controller allowing the RPVEH to work in its Maximum Power Point in both steady-state and variable conditions of vibrations, without recurring to multivariable perturbative approaches, as it happens for the most of single stage AC/DC interfaces proposed in the literature. The absence of perturbative techniques allows a significant improvement of both stationary and dynamic performances. Experimental tests of a prototype of the proposed interface confirm the theoretical findings and the predicted behavior.