bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Limbah Keramik Sebagai Pengganti Agregat Kasar Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Dengan Tambahan Zat Additive
Authors: Nurfadilah Nurfadilah , ' Mustakim , ' Misbahuddin 
Published: August 2024

: Umumnya campuran beton terdiri dari air,semen, dan agregat. Namun, pada saat ini dilakukan berbagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas beton termasuk menggunakan bahan tambah dalam campuran beton yang dapat berfungsi sebagai filler atau additive. Salah satu inovasi terhadap bahan pembuat beton dengan menggunakan limbah pecahan keramik sebagai bahan pengganti agregat kasar. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan limbah pecahan keramik sebagai pengganti agregat kasar dengan bahan tambah Sikacim Concrete Additive dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan limbah keramik dan Sikacim Concrete Additive terhadap kuat tekan dan kuat lentur beton. HHhHHHHJJJJJJJHHasil penelitian menunjukkan kuat tekan beton normal sebesar 25,86 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0% sebesar 26,23 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,6% sebesar 27,55 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,8% sebesar 29,35 Mpa. Kemudian pada kuat lentur beton normal 4,0 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0% mencapai 4,089 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,6% mencapai 4,178 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,8% mencapai 4,267 Mpa. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan 5% limbah pecahan keramik dengan tambahan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,6% dan 0,8% mampu meningkatkan kuat tekan dan kuat lentur beton.
A retrospective analysis of the clinical efficacy in patients treated with Alternaria alternata and Dermatophagoides farinae immunotherapy
Authors: Liu Juan , Yin Jia 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe clinical efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) for Alternaria alternata (A. alt) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) extracts remains largely unknown in China. We sought to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy caused by AIT agents manufactured in China of patients who are sensitized to A. alt and Der f.MethodsPatients aged 5–27 years with asthma and perennial allergic rhinitis (AR), and AIT with A. alt and Der f were recruited, and then classified into two groups: A. alt-AIT (n = 31) and A. alt + Der f-AIT group (n = 39). All data were gathered retrospectively, including biological parameters, pulmonary function, and symptom and medication scores.Results70 patients who underwent A. alt and Der f AIT were enrolled. A significant improvement was observed in the values of FEV1% (P &lt; 0.0001) and MEF 25 (P = 0.023) of lung function. Both the rhinitis symptoms and combined symptoms and medication scores for asthma decreased after AIT (by 45.3% and 80.3%, respectively, P &lt; 0.0001 for each). Nearly 67% improvement rate (P &lt; 0.0001) occurred in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life, and a great increase existed in Asthma Control Test (ACT) score (P &lt; 0.0001) after at least 1 year AIT, although there were no significant changes between these two groups. Besides, no significance was displayed in specific IgE to different allergens.ConclusionAIT with A. alt and Der f extracts had clinical efficacy for many patients in China, with a reduction of symptom and medication scores, and great improvement in spirometry function.
A head-to-head comparison of humoral and cellular immune responses of five COVID-19 vaccines in adults in China
Authors: Han Xu , Pan Hongxing , Jin Pengfei , Wei Mingwei , Jia Siyue , Wang Wenjuan , Chu Kai , Gao Shuyu , Zhou Li , Li Jingxin , Zhu Fengcai 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionVarious COVID-19 vaccine trials have shown that vaccines can successfully prevent symptomatic cases of COVID-19 and death. Head-to-head comparisons help to better understand the immune response characteristics of different COVID-19 vaccines in humans.MethodsWe randomly selected 20 participants from each of five ongoing Phase II trials of COVID-19 vaccines. Here, SARS-CoV 2-specific immune responses to DNA vaccine (INO-4800), mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2), Adenovirus-vectored vaccine (CONVIDECIA), Protein subunit vaccine (Recombinant COVID- 19 Vaccine (Sf9 Cells)), Inactivated Vaccine (KCONVAC) were examined longitudinally in healthy adults between Jan 15, 2021 and July 5, 2021 for 6 months. RBD-IgG titres were detected by ELISA, neutralising antibody titer were detected by pseudoviral neutralization and immune cell response were detected by flow cytometry.ResultsAt the first visit (V1), 100% of individuals who received the BNT162b2, CONVIDECIA, or KCONVAC vaccines experienced seroconversion of neutralizing and binding antibodies in the serum. Except for the Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (Sf9 Cells) vaccine having the highest neutralizing antibody GMT at the second visit (although there was no statistically significant difference in geometric mean titers between V1 and V2), the rest of the vaccines had the highest levels of binding antibodies and neutralizing antibodies at V1. The neutralizing antibodies GMT of all vaccines showed a significant decrease at V3 compared to V1. The neutralizing antibody GMT against the omicron variant of all vaccines at V1 showed a significant decrease compared to the wild strain. We observed statistically significant differences in Tcm cells and RBD-specific memory B cells among various vaccines.DiscussionBNT162b2 (mRNA vaccine) exhibits the highest antibody levels among the five vaccines evaluated, regardless of whether the target is the wild-type virus or its variants. However, its cellular immune response may be weaker compared to CONVIDECIA (adenovirus type 5 vector vaccine).
Early-onset intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy increased the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Yaodan , Liu Min , Liu Jinghua , Sheng Minmin , Hu Zhenxia , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIntrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are two common pregnancy complications that pose considerable health challenges. The interplay between these conditions is believed to significantly influence pregnancy outcomes, yet the nature of this relationship remains elusive. This study was designed to elucidate the connection between ICP and GDM.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 742 singleton pregnancies delivered at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January 2015 to December 2023. We compared the incidence of GDM and pregnancy outcomes between multiple ICP subgroups and a control group of healthy pregnancies. A multivariate regression model was used to measure the independent association between ICP and propensity for GDM development, as well as to assess the impact of potential bidirectional effects between ICP and GDM.ResultsThe results indicate that the incidence of GDM is highest in the early-onset ICP (diagnosed before the 24th week of gestation) group compared to the control group and other ICP subgroups. Early-onset ICP is an independent risk factor for the development of GDM, with other risk factors including age, history of abortion, family history of diabetes, and elevated ALT levels. Subgroup interaction analysis did not reveal heterogeneity in the influence of early-onset ICP on the development of GDM across different subgroups. Further analysis showed that GDM itself does not increase the risk of late-onset ICP. Additionally, when comparing pregnancy outcomes between GDM patients with or without ICP, those with both GDM and ICP had significantly higher rates of preterm birth, cesarean section, and small for gestational age (SGA) compared to patients with GDM alone. Furthermore, elevated TBA levels (first diagnosed) of early-onset ICP patients were associated with an increased risk of GDM in a nonlinear fashion.ConclusionOur study indicated that early-onset ICP is significantly linked to an increased risk of GDM. Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms behind this association and to develop strategies for early identification and intervention to mitigate GDM risk.
Network disruption based on multi-modal EEG-MRI in α-synucleinopathies
Authors: Wang Chunyi , Hu Jiajia , Li Puyu , Zhang Ming , Zhou Liche , Luo Ningdi , Zhu Xue , Yin Qianyi , Zhong Min , Zhou Xinyi , Wei Hongjiang , Li Yuanyuan , Li Biao , Liu Jun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundBrain network dysfunction has been characterized by resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the prodromal stage. This study aimed to identify multi-modal electrophysiological and neuroimaging biomarkers for differential diagnosis in synucleinopathies and phenoconversion in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).MethodsWe enrolled 35 patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 32 with Parkinson's disease (PD), 30 with iRBD and 30 matched healthy controls (HC). Power spectral density (PSD) was calculated in different frequency bands. EEG functional connectivity (FC) was calculated using the weighted Phase Lag Index (wPLI) after source localization. Significant network disruptions were further confirmed by MRI FC analysis.ResultsQuantitative EEG analysis demonstrated that delta and theta power spectral density significantly differed among MSA, PD and HC. The increased PSD was correlated with cognitive decline and olfactory dysfunction in PD. Band-specific FC profiles were observed in theta, alpha, and gamma bands. The hypoconnected alpha network significantly correlated with motor dysfunction, while the gamma FC distinguished PD from MSA. By integrating EEG and MRI network analyses, we found that FC between the olfactory cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was significantly different between MSA and PD. A multimodal discriminative model for MSA and PD, integrating spectral and FC attributes of EEG and MRI, yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.900. Simultaneously, we found the FC abnormalities were more prominent than spectral features in iRBD indicating prodromal dysfunction. The decreased FC between the angular gyrus and striatum was identified in α-synucleinopathies. This hypoconnectivity was associated with dopaminergic degeneration in iRBD examined by dopamine transporter imaging.DiscussionOur study demonstrated EEG spectral and functional profiles in prodromal and clinical-defined synucleinopathies. Multimodal EEG and MRI provided a novel approach to discriminate MSA and PD, and monitor neurodegenerative progression in the preclinical phase.
Pharmacological treatments for vascular dementia: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Dang Chun , Wang Qinxuan , Zhuang Yijia , Li Qian , Feng Li , Xiong Ying , Lu Yaoheng 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundVascular dementia (VaD) is one of the most prevalent, burdensome, and costly forms of dementia. Pharmacological treatment is often the first-line choice for clinicians; however, there is a paucity of comparative information regarding the multiple available drug options.Methods and AnalysisA systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted on randomized trials involving adult patients with VaD, sourced from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, OPENGREY, ClinicalTrials.gov, Wanfang Data, and CNKI. The primary outcomes included changes in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, activities of daily living (ADL) scores, and the incidence of adverse reactions. Efficacy and safety of intervention strategies were comprehensively analyzed using forest plots, cumulative ranking probability curves (SUCRA), and funnel plots, all generated with R software.ResultsA total of 194 RCTs comparing 21 different anti-VaD drugs with placebos or no treatment were analysed. Regarding MMSE scores, the five most effective drugs were Butylphthalide, Huperzine A, Edaravone, Rivastigmine, and Memantine. For ADL scores, the top five drugs in efficacy were Huperzine A, Butylphthalide, Tianzhi granule, Nicergoline, and Idebenone. In terms of the incidence of adverse drug reactions, Co-dergocrine Mesylate, Tongxinluo capsule, Butylphthalide, Piracetam, and Oxiracetam demonstrated favourable safety profiles.ConclusionThis study enhances the understanding of the relative benefits and risks associated with various VaD treatments, providing a valuable reference for clinical decision-making.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier registration number.
Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. flavonoids improve cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive function damage by regulating the testosterone synthesis pathway
Authors: Chen Jiarong , Yang Xiaoyue , He Zhongmei , Chen Weijia , Zhao Yan , Li Jianming , Zong Ying , Du Rui 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe prevalence of male infertility has been increasing globally, necessitating the search for safe and nontoxic active compounds to alleviate reproductive dysfunction. Although the precise mechanism remains unknown, Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. (CS) extract has protective effects on the reproductive system. The effect of C. songaricum Rupr. flavonoids (CSF) on reproductive injury and testicular mesenchymal stem cell viability in male mice and TM3 cells was investigated.MethodsWe explored the possible association between these effects and the testosterone (T) synthesis pathway. Mice were administered cyclophosphamide to induce reproductive damage, followed by CSF administration. Body mass and organ index were recorded. Pathological changes in T and the epididymis were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. ELISA measured the serum levels of T, luteinizing hormone (LH), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol (E2) in mice. Fructose and zinc ion levels in the seminal plasma were measured. TM3 cells were treated with Bisphenol A (BPA) and different concentrations of CSF, followed by proliferative evaluations using the CCK-8 assay and T and LH level assessments using ELISA. Furthermore, the expression of steroidogenic enzyme genes and proteins was investigated using western blotting and RT-PCR.ResultsCSF exhibited a notable reduction in reproductive damage and improved pathological changes in testicular and epididymal tissues. CSF group demonstrated substantially higher levels of seminal plasma fructose and zinc ions; markedly elevated serum levels of T, LH, GnRH, and FSH; and lower levels of E2 than those of the model group. Intracellular T content and secretion of T and LH increase with CSF while effectively mitigating BPA-induced damage to TM3 cells. CSF group exhibited substantially higher gene and protein expression of steroidogenic enzymes than those of the model group, both in vivo and in vitro. CSF ameliorates reproductive impairment by enhancing the expression of pivotal enzymes involved in synthesizing T.DiscussionCSF ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive impairment and bisphenol A-induced TM3 cell damage in mice by regulating sex hormone levels in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis (HPG axis) and upregulating the expression of steroidogenic enzymes. Therefore, CS is a potential treatment for male reproductive impairment.
Neuroactive hormones and personal growth: associations in Chilean adolescents (ages 12–25) with ovulatory dysfunction
Authors: del Río Juan Pablo , Tapia Valeska , Soto Hugo , Vigil Pilar 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionHormones produced by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal-gonadal (HPAG) axis are crucial for modulating central nervous system (CNS) function and development throughout a person’s life. Disruptions in HPAG function can impact psychological development, particularly during adolescence—a period marked by psychological growth and the maturation of the HPAG axis. An early indicator of HPAG alterations is ovulatory dysfunction (OD), a common condition among adolescents.MethodsThis study explored the associations between neuroactive hormones and personal growth in adolescents with OD. Female participants aged 12–25 years with OD were recruited, and assessments were conducted to profile their basic hormonal levels and various dimensions of individual development, including self-concept clarity, sense of coherence, self-esteem, perfectionism, self-control, and mood states.ResultsAdolescents with OD (n = 117) had lower self-concept clarity and self-esteem compared to reference data. A significant portion of the sample displayed elevated levels of tension (71.25%), confusion (62.5%), fatigue (58.22%), and depression (52.6%). Self-esteem scores were negatively correlated with DHEAS (r = −0.224; p = 0.026) and glucose (r = −0.249; p = 0.010). Higher levels of free testosterone were associated with increased depression scores (coef = 0.2398; p = 0.002), whereas higher estradiol levels were linked to lower aggressiveness scores (coef = −0.0648; p = 0.001).DiscussionThese findings indicate that hormonal imbalances in adolescents with OD could affect personal growth. Further research is needed to establish causal relationships between the variables considered.
Circadian disturbances, anxiety and motor disturbances differentiate delirium superimposed on dementia from dementia-only
Authors: Schnorr Thiemo , Fleiner Tim , Trumpf Rieke , Prüter-Schwarte Christian , Fanselow Janina , Zijlstra Wiebren , Haussermann Peter 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundTo ensure adequate treatment, individuals with delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) need to be differentiated reliably from those with dementia only (DO). Therefore, we aimed to examine the clinical indicators of DSD by assessing motor subtypes, cognitive performance and neuropsychiatric symptoms in DSD and DO patients.MethodsCross-sectional design with the Delirium-Motor-Subtyping Scale (DMSS), Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE), Clock-Drawing-Test (CDT), DemTect, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory assessed after admission to an acute hospital.Results94 patients were included, 43 with DSD (78 ± 7 years, MMSE = 11 ± 9) and 51 with DO (79 ± 7 years, MMSE = 9 ± 8). DMSS “no subtype” was more common in the DO group (26% vs. 10%, p = .04). The DSD group showed lower CDT scores (DSD: M = 4 ± 3 vs. DO: M = 6 ± 1; p &lt; .001) and higher anxiety (DSD: MED = 3 ± 8 vs. DO: MED = 3 ± 4; p = .01) and sleep/night-time behavior disturbances (DSD: MED = 0 ± 6 vs. DO: MED = 0 ± 0; p = .02).ConclusionsSleep/night-time behavior disturbances appear to be a clinical indicator of DSD. Motor subtypes can identify cases at increased risk of developing delirium or unrecognized delirium.Clinical trial registrationhttps://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00025439, identifier DRKS00025439.
A narrative review of the CEPH-accredited bachelor’s public health programs’ curricula in the United States
Authors: Kedia Satish K. , Entwistle Coree , Magaña Laura , Seward Tracie G. , Joshi Ashish 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundUndergraduate programs in public health are becoming increasingly popular in the United States (US). The recent pandemic, growing climate instability, and the aging baby boomers have led to higher demands for skilled public health professionals at various levels of the workforce. This study examines the nature of courses being delivered in undergraduate public health programs across the United States. The goal is to assess domains, themes, competencies, and other specialized skills that are currently covered in these academic programs.MethodologyA search was conducted in February 2023 using the online CEPH program database to identify undergraduate public health programs in the US. In total, 86 institutions and 90 CEPH-accredited undergraduate public health programs were identified. Lists of public health courses were retrieved from each program, and a total of 2,259 unduplicated courses were extracted and analyzed. A content analysis of the extracted topics was conducted to generate 38 common themes among the courses offered. Coded course themes were mapped to the public health domains and competencies listed by the ASPPH and CEPH to evaluate the distribution of themes across course offerings.ResultsAnalysis of course themes found that Foundations of Public Health, Epidemiology, Public Health Management, Policy, and Leadership, Climate and Environmental Health, and Global Health Issues were the most prevalent. When course themes were mapped onto the ASPPH and CEPH domains of critical public health learning, “overview of public health” and “determinants of health” were the most populated domains. Programs had different emphases according to their approach, but overall, about two-thirds of course themes were focused on foundational and theoretical concepts of public health, and one-third were directed toward practical applications of public health concepts.ConclusionAs the demand for skilled public health workers continues to rise, programs will need to watch the skills and competencies required in the current working environment, as well as the ASPPH and CEPH criteria, and adjust their approach accordingly. Given the rapid changes in the public health landscape, schools and programs of public health should evaluate their curricula to ensure that they are meeting the needs of the workforce and the world.
Prevalence and associated risk factors for depression symptoms in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: a hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Lianhong , Su Sihui , Xiong Tingting , Wang Meili , Ding Rui , Tan Huiwen , Zhu Minglan 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundDepression symptoms are a growing concern for adolescent girls with PCOS around the world. However, relatively small samples have given varying reports of its prevalence and risk factors in previous studies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for further research on the prevalence and associated factors of depression among adolescent girls with PCOS.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed from October 2021 to May 2022 using a questionnaire and examination of the medical records of a convenience sample of 335 adolescent girls with PCOS. The Chinese version of the Children’s Depression Scale (CDI) was used to investigate depression symptoms. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine factors that were significantly associated with depression symptoms.ResultsThe prevalence of depression symptoms was 36.12% among adolescent girls with PCOS. A multivariate logistic regression model identified significant factors as perceived social support (95% CI: 0.921 ~ 0.965%, p = 0.000), sleep quality (95% CI: 1.134 ~ 1.324%, p = 0.000), belief illness (95% CI, 1.040 ~ 1.102%, p = 0.000), hirsutism (95% CI, 1.292 ~ 4.392%, p = 0.005), and LH/FSH ≥ 2 (95% CI, 1.939 ~ 6.369%, p = 0.000).ConclusionDepression symptoms are an important problem among adolescent girls with PCOS in China. A comprehensive approach that encompasses social support, structured health education for the disease, and evaluation of the psychological status of PCOS girls with hirsutism (and) or LH/FSH ≥ 2 in time is important to minimize depression symptoms and improve psychological health among adolescent girls with PCOS.