bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A DFT Analysis of the Molecular Structures of Nitrophenoxathiin Compounds
Authors: Gad El-karim Iman A 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The influence of nonbonding intramolecular interaction of the nitro group, on the tendency by which its σ- and π-withdrawing characters can affect the puckering of the phenoxathiin nucleus is investigated. The structure of the selected nitrophenoxathiins is predicted with the help of density functional calculations using the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) model. The magnitude of change in the puckering angle of phenoxathiin is found to be dependent on the orientation attained by the nitro groups, which determines the extent by which the π-withdrawing character of the nitro group operates on the phenoxathiin nucleus. The in-plane nitro group in position-2 and -3 and the partially twisted nitro in position-1 induce flattening on the phenoxathiin nucleus while the out-of-plane nitro group in position-4 induces further puckering on the phenoxathiin nucleus. Successive substitution by nitro groups at these positions enhances these effects. 1,8-Dinitrophenoxathiin is predicted to be the least puckered while 4,6-dinitrophenoxathiin is the most puckered in the dinitro-series. Few examples of tetranitrophenoxathiins are investigated and prove to follow the same trends. The encountered changes are analyzed in terms of the changes in the hybridization of the substituted carbon atom. The HOMO and LUMO frontier orbitals of the studied compounds are presented.
Tetranuclear Hafnium(IV) and Zirconium(IV) Cationic Complexes Sandwiched between Two Di-Lacunary Species of α-Keggin Polyoxometalates: Lewis Acid Catalysis of the Mukaiyama–Aldol Reaction
Authors: Nomiya Kenji , Ohta Kazuaki , Sakai Yoshitaka , Hosoya Taka-aki , Ohtake Atsushi , Takakura Akira , Matsunaga Satoshi 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The syntheses, X-ray structures, and homogeneous Lewis acid catalytic activities for the Mukaiyama–aldol reaction of four tetranuclear HfIV and ZrIV cluster cations, which are sandwiched between two 1,2-di-lacunary α-Keggin polyoxometalates (POMs) and between two 1,4-di-lacunary POMs, are described, i.e., [[{M(H2O)}2{M(H2O)2}2(µ-OH)3(µ3-OH)2](α-1,2-PW10O37)2]7− (M = Hf 1 and M = Zr 2) and [{M4(H2O)4(µ-OH)2(µ3-O)2}(α-1,4-PW10O37)2]8− (M = Hf 3 and M = Zr 4), respectively. Evaluated was homogeneous Lewis acid catalysis of the Mukaiyama–aldol reaction in aqueous/CH3CN mixed media at room temperature under air by water-soluble sodium or lithium salts of sandwich-structured Hf/Zr-containing Keggin and Dawson POMs. In particular, the sodium salts of tetranuclear Hf/Zr cluster cations sandwiched between two di-lacunary α-Keggin POMs, i.e., Na-1–Na-4, showed the highest activities, compared with other cluster cations. The present POM-based sandwich-structured compounds gave products with high stereoselectivity, i.e., high anti-selectivity, regardless of high or low activities. The excellent stabilities of Na-1–Na-4 as catalysts, i.e., with no reduced activities, were confirmed even after reusing several times.
Photochemical Characteristics of Amphiphilic Stilbene Dendrimers Induced by Aggregate Formation at Very Low Concentration
Authors: Kataoka Kayoko , Arai Tatsuo 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
An amphiphilic stilbene dendrimer exists as monomer in organic solvent, but forms molecular assemblies in neutral water exhibiting excimer fluorescence and undergoes cycloaddition even in highly diluted solution of 10−6 M.
Steigerung der Lebensqualität nach Schaumsklerosierung einer multipel voroperierten vaskulären Malformation
Authors: Devereux N. , Kahle B. , Recke A. L. 
Published: April 2013

ZusammenfassungVaskuläre Malformationen stellen aufgrund ihrer Seltenheit und heterogenen klinischen Ausprägung eine therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Im vorliegenden Fallbericht wurde eine ausgedehnte, vielfach voroperierte und stark schmerzhafte venöse Malformation bei einer 46-jährigen Patientin mit mehreren Schaumsklerosierungen erfolgreich behandelt. Es konnte eine bemerkenswert rasche, anhaltende Schmerzreduktion und eine Steigerung der Lebensqualität erzielt werden. Der Fall demonstriert, dass die Schaum -sklerosierungstherapie eine gute, nebenwirkungsarme Therapieoption bei operativ nicht mehr behandelbaren, anatomisch unübersichtlichen Malformationen sein kann.
Bakerzyste
Authors: Mendoza E. 
Published: April 2013

ZusammenfassungHintergrund: Die akute Beinschwellung erfordert einen zügigen Ausschluss einer tiefen Beinvenenthrombose, die optimal mittels Duplex-Sonographie erfolgt.Fallvorstellung: 51-jähriger Patient mit schmerzhafter Wadenschwellung nach sport-licher Betätigung. Nach Ausschluss einer Thrombose durch Kompressionssonographie wurde eine echoleere Raumforderung in der Kniekehle beobachtet (Bakerzyste), die am distalen Ende in der Kapsel Einrisse aufwies. Hier war die Zyste rupturiert und der Inhalt hatte sich in die Muskelschichten der Wade entleert, was die Schwellung und den Schmerz bedingte.
Crystal structure of bis(triphenylphospine-κP)(iodido)-(isoquinoline-κN) copper(I), [CuI(PC18H15)2(i-C9H7N)], C45H37CuINP2
Authors: Li Jian-Bao , Liu Bin , Zhou Li-Li , Wu Man-Hua , Jin Qiong-Hua , Zhang Cun-Ling 
Published: April 2013

Abstract C45H37CuINP2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.0738(9) Å, b = 36.195(3) Å, c = 11.564(1) Å, β = 115.047(2)°, V = 3820.2 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0461, wRref(F2) = 0.0944, T = 298 K.
Use of Two Cleft Lip and Palate Classification Systems by Nonsubspecialized Health Care Providers
Authors: Wang Billy C. , Hakimi Michael , Martin Mark C. 
Published: April 2013

Objective The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the use of RPL and LAHSHAL coding systems by individuals not specialized in craniofacial abnormalities to code cleft lip and palate (CLP). The effectiveness of system use by referring services and the electronic medical record (EMR) applicability of other CLP systems was evaluated by literature review and testing data. Design and Participants The RPL and LAHSHAL systems were presented together to a sample of medical students ( n = 28) and neonatal intensive care unit nurses ( n = 24) from Loma Linda University. Following the presentation, a test assessing the application of each system was administered. A second assessment of the medical students ( n = 23) 2 weeks after the initial presentation evaluated system retention. Scores were compared using t test ( P ≤ .05). Results Both the medical students and nurses used RPL more accurately than LAHSHAL in the first assessment (76.9% versus 45.2%, P < .001; 46.6% versus 22.5%, P < .001). Medical students again used RPL more accurately at the 2-week assessment (72.2% versus 43.7%, P < .001). Accuracy of use within each system was not significantly different between the two assessments. Conclusion Our test results and literature review indicate that, when compared with LAHSHAL, RPL is more easily and accurately used by representatives not specialized in abnormalities in CLP; therefore, RPL may be a more effective system for nonspecialist health care providers to improve the accuracy of referrals and simple EMR documentation.
When There is more than a Cleft: Psychological Adjustment When a Cleft is Associated with an Additional Condition
Authors: Feragen Kristin Billaud , Stock Nicola Marie 
Published: April 2013

Background In spite of studies reporting a relatively high frequency of additional conditions in children with a cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CUP), almost no research has focused on this clinically important subgroup. The objective of this study was to compare psychosocial adjustment in children with CUP with and without an additional condition. Design Cross-sectional data based on routine psychological assessments at age 10 years, with comparisons to national reference groups. Setting Centralized treatment, Norway. Participants Two hundred five children with CUP (participation rate: 80.1%) from three consecutive birth cohorts. Outcome measures The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (self-report and parent report) and the Child Experience Questionnaire (self-report). Results Eighty-one children (39.5%) were identified as having at least one condition in addition to the cleft. These children reported significantly more psychosocial difficulties than children with a cleft alone. Differences between specific conditions were minor. Children with a cleft alone (n = 124) reported mean scores that were comparable to those reported by the reference group. There were no differences in adjustment between children with a visible versus a non-visible cleft. Conclusions The present study highlights the need for research to be conducted in children with CUP who have additional conditions to provide better knowledge and clinical care for a potentially vulnerable subgroup of children and their parents.
Race Structure in the Mexican Collection of Common Bean Landraces
Authors: Blair Matthew W. , Diaz Lucy M. , Acosta‐Gallegos Jorge A. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTMexico is a large bean‐producing country, the second most important in the Western Hemisphere, and the center of origin for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as well as many wild relatives or cultigens. Given this long tradition with the crop, Mexican farmers have created a rich resource of native landraces over many millennia, and this germplasm is of value today for modern breeding and gene discovery. The objective of this research was to evaluate the core collection of the national Mexican germplasm repository (Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias [INIFAP]) and to determine the diversity and population structure within the germplasm set based on fluorescent microsatellite marker genotyping. The results showed a good separation of races Durango, Jalisco, and Mesoamerica, which were the majority of the landraces, versus a small group of Andean landraces that were all well supported both by population structure analysis and coherent results with principal component analysis and a molecular analysis of variance. Genepool separation has been observed in many previous studies of diversity in common bean but this study was among the first with microsatellites to find separation of the Durango and Jalisco races. The utility of the INIFAP core collection for association mapping studies of traits important to Mexican agriculture is discussed.
Practicing Love: Black Feminism, Love-Politics, and Post-Intersectionality
Authors: Nash Jennifer C. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
This article examines the consolidation of love into a black feminist politics during second-wave feminism. By reading love-politics as both a practice of the self and a nonidentitarian strategy for constructing political communities, I argue that black feminism's love-politics suggests a way of doing politics that transcends the pitfalls of identity politics, particularly intersectionality.
Sphenoid sinus anatomy and suprasellar extension of pituitary tumors
Authors: Ramakrishnan Vijay R. , Suh Jeffrey D. , Lee Jennifer Y. , O'Malley Bert W. , Grady M. Sean , Palmer James N. 
Published: April 2013

Object
As tumors enlarge, they generally grow along paths of least resistance. For pituitary macroadenomas, extrasellar extension into the suprasellar region, cavernous sinus, or sphenoid sinus may occur. The sphenoid sinus is known to have a variable anatomical configuration, and the authors hypothesize that certain anatomical factors may resist tumor expansion into the sphenoid sinus, thereby directing tumor growth into the suprasellar space. In this paper the authors' goal was to determine if sphenoid anatomy influences pituitary tumor growth.

Methods
The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 106 consecutive surgical cases of pituitary macroadenoma. Patient demographics, suprasellar extension, sellar width, and features of the sphenoid intersinus septum were recorded on radiographic review. The chi-square test, t-test, logistic regression, and classification and regression tree analysis were used for statistical analysis.

Results
Of the 106 patients included in the study, 71 (67%) demonstrated suprasellar extension of their tumor. Patients with suprasellar tumor extension had significantly greater intersinus septum width (width > 1.27 mm: OR = 14.32; p = 0.0012) and were significantly older (age > 54 yrs: OR = 3.33; p = 0.0176). They also tended to be male and to have two or more sphenoid partitions (OR = 6.58; p = 0.0306). While patients with suprasellar extension tended to be more likely to have a midline partition and a larger sellar width than their counterparts, these differences did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions
Certain aspects of the sphenoid sinus anatomy may function to resist pituitary tumor growth into the sphenoid sinus. Progressive enlargement of pituitary macroadenomas may extend in a suprasellar direction, in part, as a consequence of the sphenoid sinus anatomy.
What Evidence and Support Do State-Level Public Health Practitioners Need to Address Obesity Prevention
Authors: Leeman Jennifer , Teal Randall , Jernigan Jan , Reed Jenica Huddleston , Farris Rosanne , Ammerman Alice 
Published: April 2013

Purpose. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions. Public health practitioners are distinctly positioned to promote the environmental changes essential to addressing obesity. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other entities provide evidence and technical assistance to support this work, yet little is known about how practitioners use evidence and support as they intervene to prevent obesity. The study's purpose was to describe how practitioners and CDC project officers characterized the obesity prevention task, where practitioners accessed support and evidence, and what approaches to support and evidence they found most useful. Approach or Design. Mixed-methods, cross-sectional interviews, and survey. Setting. State-level public health obesity prevention programs. Participants. Public health practitioners and CDC project officers. Method. We conducted 10 in-depth interviews with public health practitioners (n = 7) and project officers (n = 3) followed by an online survey completed by 62 practitioners (50% response rate). We applied content analysis to interview data and descriptive statistics to survey data. Results. Practitioners characterized obesity prevention as uncertain and complex, involving interdependence among actors, multiple levels of activity, an excess of information, and a paucity of evidence. Survey findings provide further detail on the types of evidence and support practitioners used and valued. Conclusion. We recommend approaches to tailoring evidence and support to the needs of practitioners working on obesity prevention and other complex health problems.
A Structured Intentions and Action-Planning Intervention Improves Weight Loss Outcomes in a Group Weight Loss Program
Authors: Benyamini Yael , Geron Rivki , Steinberg David M. , Medini Nurit , Valinsky Liora , Endevelt Ronit 
Published: April 2013

Purpose. To assess whether forming general behavioral intentions and implementing intentions through action plans promotes weight loss and is moderated by weight loss goals and self-efficacy. Design. A quasi-experimental study comparing change in body mass index (BMI) for 15 months between a behavioral intentions condition (BIC), an implementation intentions condition (IIC), and a comparison condition (CC). Setting. Ten-week weight loss program delivered in weekly group meetings at community medical centers. Subjects. Six hundred thirty-two attendants at the weight loss program (80% of program attendants participated in the study). Intervention. Weight loss program focused on lifestyle changes, augmented by two experimental conditions (vs. a comparison condition): BIC, intended use of weight loss techniques; IIC, intended use and detailed plans for two techniques. Phone follow-up was conducted 3 and 12 months later. Measures. Main outcome: BMI during the program (computed on the basis of weight and height measured on a mechanical medical scale). Experimental manipulations included exposure to list of techniques (BIC/IIC) and structured planning form (IIC); independent variables were assessed with questionnaires (eating self efficacy, weight loss goal, demographics). Analysis. Linear mixed models estimating changes in BMI and their interactions with the planning interventions, goals, and self-efficacy. Results. Participants in the BIC and IIC lost 40% more weight during the 10-week program than those in the CC (1.10 and 1.11 BMI points compared with. 79; ts < −2.76, ps < .01). Weight loss goals interacted with implementation intentions (t = 2.98, p < .01). Self-efficacy was unrelated to weight loss. No differences were found between conditions at 3 and 12 months after the program. Conclusion. Findings revealed that forming implementation intentions promotes weight loss within a weekly program at a field setting and that its effectiveness depends on initial high goals.
Psychiatric and Addictive Symptoms of Young Adult Female Indoor Tanners
Authors: Heckman Carolyn J. , Cohen-Filipic Jessye , Darlow Susan , Kloss Jacqueline D. , Manne Sharon L. , Munshi Teja 
Published: April 2013

Purpose. Indoor tanning (IT) increases risk for melanoma and is particularly common among young adult women. IT has also been linked with some psychiatric symptoms, and frequent tanning may indicate tanning dependence (addiction) associated with endorphin release during ultraviolet radiation exposure. The objective of the current study was to investigate associations between IT, tanning dependence, and psychiatric and substance use symptoms in young adult women. Design. Cross-sectional survey and psychiatric interview. Setting. Online, except for the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), which was completed over the telephone. Subjects. Participants were 306 female university students aged 18 to 25 years. Measures. MINI, Seasonal Scale Index, tanning dependence scales, reporting ever having used a tanning bed or booth with tanning lamps (single item), reporting smoking a cigarette in the last 30 days (single item). Analysis. Descriptive statistics, χ2 analysis, multivariate logistic regression. Results. Forty-six percent of the sample reported a history of IT, and 25% were classified as tanning dependent. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that IT was significantly associated with symptoms of alcohol use disorders, generalized anxiety, and not having social anxiety. Tanning dependence was associated with symptoms of alcohol use disorders. Conclusion. Tanning is of concern not only for its association with skin cancer but for its association with psychiatric and substance use symptoms. Young women with certain psychological problems may seek relief from their symptoms by IT. These findings suggest that indoor tanners may benefit from health behavior and other psychosocial interventions.
Identifying structural barriers to an effective HIV response: using the National Composite Policy Index data to evaluate the human rights, legal and policy environment
Authors: Gruskin Sofia , Ferguson Laura , Alfven Tobias , Rugg Deborah , Peersman Greet 
Published: April 2013

IntroductionAttention to the negative effects of structural barriers on HIV efforts is increasing. Reviewing national legal and policy environments with attention to the international human rights commitments of states is a means of assessing and providing focus for addressing these barriers to effective HIV responses.MethodsLaw and policy data from the 171 countries reporting under the Declaration of Commitment from the 2001 United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS were analyzed to assess attention to human rights in national legal and policy environments as relevant to the health and rights of key populations such as people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men and sex workers.ResultsSeventy‐eight governments and civil society in 106 countries report the existence of laws and policies which present obstacles to accessing HIV services for key populations. Laws and policies which positively affect access to HIV‐related services, in and of themselves constituting structural interventions, were also reported. The dissonance between laws and how this impacts the availability and use of HIV‐related services deserve greater attention.ConclusionsRecognition of the harms inherent in laws that constitute structural barriers to effective HIV responses and the potential positive role that a supportive legal environment can play suggests the need for legal reform to ensure an enabling regulatory framework within which HIV services can be effectively delivered and used by the populations who need them. Moving beyond laws and policies, further efforts are required to determine how to capture information on the range of structural barriers. Teasing apart the impact of different barriers, as well as the structural interventions put in place to address them, remains complicated. Capturing the impact of policy and legal interventions can ultimately support governments and civil society to ensure the human rights of key populations are protected in national HIV responses.
Highly Elastic Micropatterned Hydrogel for Engineering Functional Cardiac Tissue
Authors: Annabi Nasim , Tsang Kelly , Mithieux Suzanne M. , Nikkhah Mehdi , Ameri Afshin , Khademhosseini Ali , Weiss Anthony S. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractHeart failure is a major international health issue. Myocardial mass loss and lack of contractility are precursors to heart failure. Surgical demand for effective myocardial repair is tempered by a paucity of appropriate biological materials. These materials should conveniently replicate natural human tissue components, convey persistent elasticity, promote cell attachment, growth and conformability to direct cell orientation and functional performance. Here, microfabrication techniques are applied to recombinant human tropoelastin, the resilience‐imparting protein found in all elastic human tissues, to generate photocrosslinked biological materials containing well‐defined micropatterns. These highly elastic substrates are then used to engineer biomimetic cardiac tissue constructs. The micropatterned hydrogels, produced through photocrosslinking of methacrylated tropoelastin (MeTro), promote the attachment, spreading, alignment, function, and intercellular communication of cardiomyocytes by providing an elastic mechanical support that mimics their dynamic mechanical properties in vivo. The fabricated MeTro hydrogels also support the synchronous beating of cardiomyocytes in response to electrical field stimulation. These novel engineered micropatterned elastic gels are designed to be amenable to 3D modular assembly and establish a versatile, adaptable foundation for the modeling and regeneration of functional cardiac tissue with potential for application to other elastic tissues.