bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taste disturbance following tongue base resection for OSA
Authors: Lin Hsin‐Ching , Hwang Michelle S. , Liao Chang‐Chuan , Friedman Michael 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate taste disturbance (TD) following endoscopic coblator open tongue base resection (Eco‐TBR) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)–hypopnea syndrome.Study DesignA retrospective study in a tertiary academic medical center.MethodsEighty patients with OSA who failed continuous positive airway pressure therapy and underwent Eco‐TBR for the tongue base obstruction were enrolled in this study. Taste changes and complications were examined before and after surgery. The standard three‐drop‐method gustatory function test was used to study taste status preoperatively and at 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively.ResultsSix female and 74 male patients with OSA (mean age, 42.6 years; mean apnea–hypopnea index, 48.9/hour) had a minimum follow‐up of 3 months and complete data available for analysis. One patient had postoperative oral bleeding. No long‐term obvious dysphagia was encountered. Twelve patients had obvious TD in the four basic tastes (sweet, sour, salty, and bitter). At 3 months postoperative time, eight patients still had changes in taste sensation; however, the TD severity decreased and did not impact the patients' regular social life. The percentage of taste changes by time after Eco‐TBR was between 13.8% and 17.5%.ConclusionThis study shows Eco‐TBR may contribute to postoperative TD. The surgeons should clearly inform the OSA patient about the possibility of TDs after tongue base resection.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:1009–1013, 2016
Water temperature alters predation risk and the adaptive landscape of induced defenses in plankton communities
Authors: Riessen Howard P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWater temperature influences many biological processes in zooplankton, including those that affect interactions with predators. These relationships help shape the impact of predation and the development of prey defenses. Many freshwater zooplankton develop induced morphological defenses in response to the presence of various invertebrate predators, a phenomenon that often has a seasonal pattern (cyclomorphosis) in which defenses are enhanced during summer when temperatures are highest. Here, I examine this relationship of water temperature to predation risk and the development of induced defenses by developing a life history model for the common pond‐dwelling water flea, Daphnia pulex and its response to predation by larvae of the phantom midge, Chaoborus, which involves the induction of defensive neck spines in the presence of predator kairomones. The model analyzes the influence of water temperature on Daphnia instar development time and body size, and on the encounter rate between Daphnia and Chaoborus, all of which affect the vulnerability of Daphnia to this gape‐limited ambush predator. It then assesses the costs and benefits of neck spine development, and thus its fitness consequences, in different temperature environments. Higher water temperatures increase predation risk for Daphnia, resulting in greater fitness advantages in producing induced defenses, but only at relatively high predator densities. This effect is greater at higher levels of food resources for the prey. These results demonstrate the importance of water temperature in influencing predation in plankton communities and help explain the phenomenon of cyclomorphosis in zooplankton, in which induced morphological defenses are limited to summer.
Scarcity Message Effects on Consumption Behavior: Limited Edition Product Considerations
Authors: Jang Wonseok Eric , Ko Yong Jae , Morris Jon D. , Chang Yonghwan 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTRecently, many luxury brands have begun to launch limited edition (LE) products. When this happens, advertisers implement two typical types of scarcity messages for LE products: limited‐time scarcity (LTS) versus limited‐quantity scarcity (LQS) messages (Cialdini, 2008). Prior research offered empirical evidence that these scarcity messages make consumers feel that LE products are more special, unique, and valuable, and thus, positively influence their evaluation of the product (Aggarwal, Jun, & Huh, 2011). The current study examined the differential effects of LTS and LQS messages on different types of LE products by focusing on consumers’ need for uniqueness.
The Effects of Rhetorical Figures and Cognitive Load in Word‐of‐Mouth Communications
Authors: Fox Gavin L. , Rinaldo Shannon B. , Amant Kirk St. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTAdvertising messages often are intended to ignite large‐scale word‐of‐mouth campaigns among consumers. Drawing primarily from memetic theory, cognitive fit theory, and perceptual fluency, this research examines how rhetoric and cognitive load interact to enhance or diminish desirable effects such as retention of the original intent of the message (copy‐fidelity) and engendering a desire to pass the message along (fecundity). Certain types of rhetoric are shown to aid this process by making some messages more attractive for retransmission and increasing retention of the original message, while cognitive load modifies which types are effective in accordance with cognitive fit and perceptual fluency. The results suggest that low‐deviation high‐complexity message forms (known as reversal) are the most effective for creating positive word‐of‐mouth outcomes and limiting potentially negative outcomes. Additionally, the results show that destabilization messages are more likely to yield mutated word‐of‐mouth messages that consumers still feel a strong desire to pass along to others. For practitioners, the results indicate what message forms should be used to effectively spark word‐of‐mouth campaigns.
A Light‐Controlled Release System Based on Molecular Recognition of Cyclodextrins
Authors: Lee Isaac Eng Ting , Hashidzume Akihito , Harada Akira 
Published: September 2015

This Communication describes a new light‐controlled release system based on molecular recognition of cyclodextrins. Azobenzene (Azo) residue is employed as a photoresponsive guest residue because it can switch the partner from α‐cyclodextrin (αCD) to β‐cyclodextrin (βCD) by irradiation with UV light. Poly(sodium acrylate)s possessing αCD, βCD, and Azo residues (pAαCD, pAβCD, and pAAzo, respectively) are mixed in aqueous solutions to form aggregates through the formation of inclusion complexes of Azo with αCD and/or βCD. A chemical cargo, 1‐pyrenemethylammonium chloride (PyMA), is contained in the aggregates, and its release behavior is investigated by dialysis experiments under UV irradiation. These data indicate that the amount of PyMA released for the pAαCD/pAβCD/pAAzo ternary mixture is approximately three times as high as those for the pAαCD/pAAzo and pAβCD/pAAzo binary mixtures because of the light‐controlled rearrangement of inclusion complexes.
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Progressive retinal structure abnormalities in multiple system atrophy
Authors: Mendoza‐Santiesteban Carlos E. , Palma Jose‐Alberto , Martinez Jose , Norcliffe‐Kaufmann Lucy , Hedges Thomas R. , Kaufmann Horacio 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundObjective measures of disease progression that can be used as endpoints in clinical trials of MSA are necessary. We studied retinal thickness in patients with MSA and assessed changes over time to determine its usefulness as an imaging biomarker of disease progression.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study including 24 patients with MSA, 20 with PD, and 35 controls, followed by a longitudinal study of 13 MSA patients. Patients were evaluated with high‐definition optical coherence tomography and the Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale. Evaluations were performed at baseline and at consecutive follow‐up visits for up to 26 months.ResultsMSA subjects had normal visual acuity and color discrimination. Compared to controls, retinal nerve fiber layer (P = 0.008 and P = 0.001) and ganglion cell complex (P = 0.013 and P = 0.001) thicknesses were reduced in MSA and PD. No significant differences between MSA and PD were found. Over time, in patients with MSA, there was a significant reduction of the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thicknesses, with estimated annual average losses of 3.7 and 1.8 μm, respectively.ConclusionsVisually asymptomatic MSA patients exhibit progressive reductions in the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer and, to a lesser extent, in the macular ganglion cell complex, which can be quantified by high‐definition optical coherence tomography. Specific patterns of retinal nerve fiber damage could be a useful imaging biomarker of disease progression in future clinical trials. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Light Sheet Microscopy Turned Vertically
Authors: Köster Isabelle , Haas Petra 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLiving cells and organisms often suffer from the high light intensities used for fluorescent imaging. Light sheet microscopy reduces phototoxic effects and bleaching by illuminating a specimen in only a single plane at a time. A new light sheet microscope combines light sheet and confocal microscopy in one system without compromising either functionality and allows the combination of the two methods, e.g. confocal photomanipulation with subsequent light sheet acquisition, for new applications.
Fast Mover
Authors: Stankiewicz Maciej , Softley Chris , Yates Chris 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe realm of high‐speed imaging traditionally provides some of the most visually appealing images for the non‐specialist. From bullets passing through objects to the minute details of animal behaviour, the ability to freeze time opens the way to unique insights into the world around us, as well as providing a valuable tool for analysis and test in an industrial environment. Often associated with high costs and complex operation, new approaches to capturing critical high‐speed events are being developed which can enable scientists and engineers to use high‐speed imaging as a routine tool rather than a specialist discipline. By synchronizing high‐power illumination pulses with tightly controlled image sensor exposures, while at the same time providing on‐board image storage and in‐situ processing, a simple and flexible highspeed imaging architecture is realized, capable of wide ranging application.
The course of psychiatric co‐morbidity in patients with breast cancer – results from the prospective multi‐centre BRENDA II study
Authors: Singer Susanne , Schwentner Lukas , van Ewijk Reyn , Blettner Maria , Wöckel Achim , Kühn Thorsten , Felberbaum Ricardo , Flock Felix , Janni Wolfgang ,   for the BRENDA Study Group
Published: September 2015

AbstractPurposeThis study examined the frequency of psychiatric co‐morbidity in patients with breast cancer, its changes over time and predictors for these changes.MethodsIn a prospective study with measurements before surgery (t1, baseline), 1 month (t2) and 8 months thereafter (t3) using the Patient Health Questionnaire, we examined the course of psychiatric co‐morbidity in breast cancer patients. The co‐morbidity courses were grouped into healthy (no co‐morbidity during the study), acute (co‐morbidity at t1 and/or t2, but not at t3), emerging (no co‐morbidity at t1, but at t3) and chronic (co‐morbidity at t1 and t3).ResultsOf the 598 participants, 19% had acute, 10% emerging and 9% chronic psychiatric co‐morbidity. Acute co‐morbidity was more common in patients with poor quality of life (odds ratio (OR) 9.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4–20.8) and somatic co‐morbidity (OR 3.8, CI 1.1–12.4). Patients who perceived support from their doctors had acute co‐morbidity less frequently (OR 0.7, CI 0.5–1.0). Emerging co‐morbidity occurred more often in younger patients (OR 2.4, CI 1.2–4.7) and in patients with another cancer in their own (OR 2.0, CI 1.1–3.9) or family (OR 2.1, CI 1.1–4.3) histories, less often in patients with support from doctors (OR 0.6, CI 0.4–1.0). Chronic co‐morbidity was related to poor quality of life (OR 12.1, CI 3.6–39.9).ConclusionWe found acute and emerging psychiatric co‐morbidities less often in patients who reported having a supportive doctor–patient relationship. Patients that require psycho‐oncological support often have poor quality of life and have experienced cancer before. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proteomic and lipidomic analyses of paraoxonase defined high density lipoprotein particles: Association of paraoxonase with the anti‐coagulant, protein S
Authors: Moren Xenia , Lhomme Marie , Bulla Alexandre , Sanchez Jean‐Charles , Kontush Anatol , James Richard W. 
Published: September 2015

PurposeCharacterizing high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and their relevance to HDL function is a major research objective. One aim is to identify functionally distinct particles. To try to limit both functional and compositional heterogeneity the present study focused on paraoxonase‐1 (PON1) as a target for isolation of a minor HDL subfraction.Experimental designImmunoaffinity techniques were applied to isolate PON1‐containing HDL (P‐HDL) and total HDL (T‐HDL), which were subsequently characterized and compared.ResultsAnalyses of the lipidomes showed significant differences between the fractions in the relative concentrations of individual lipid subspecies, notably reduced levels of unsaturated lysophosphatidylcholine (p < 0.05) in P‐HDL (reflected in a significantly reduced total lysophosphatidylcholine polyunsaturated fatty acid content, p < 0.004). Significant differences were also observed for the proteomes. P‐HDL was highly enriched in the anti‐coagulant, vitamin K activated protein S (prot S) (p < 0.0001), and alpha2 macroglobulin (p < 0.01), compared to T‐HDL. Conversely, procoagulant proteins kininogen 1 and histidine‐rich glycoprotein were largely excluded from P‐HDL. Immunoabsorption of PON1 from plasma significantly reduced prot S anti‐coagulant activity.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe P‐HDL lipidome and proteome showed significant differences from T‐HDL. Enrichment in anti‐coagulation proteins indicates complementary functionalities within P‐HDL particles and underlines their anti‐atherosclerotic potential.
Influence of sesamin on CYP2C‐mediated diclofenac metabolism: in vitro and in vivo analysis
Authors: Yasuda Kaori , Ueno Sera , Ueda Erika , Nishikawa Miyu , Takeda Kie , Kamakura Masaki , Ikushiro Shinichi , Sakaki Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOur previous studies revealed that sesamin caused a mechanism‐based inhibition (MBI) of CYP2C9 in human liver microsomes. Additionally, we observed a similar MBI of CYP2C by sesamin in the rat liver microsomes. Sesamin‐induced difference spectra of rat or human liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH showed a peak at 459 nm, suggesting the formation of a metabolic–intermediate (MI) complex of cytochrome P450 and the methylenedioxyphenyl group of sesamin. However, the peak disappeared in both liver microsomes within 30 min after the termination of the metabolism. These results suggest that the MI complex of cytochrome P450 and sesamin is unstable, and the effects of sesamin on human CYP2C9‐ or rat CYP2C‐mediated drug metabolism may be small. To confirm this, in vivo studies using rats were performed. The pharmacokinetics of diclofenac, which is mainly metabolized by CYP2C11 in male rats, were investigated after a 3‐days administration of sesamin (0, 10, and 100 mg/kg bw). No significant differences were observed among the three groups in the pharmacokinetic parameters, Cmax, Tmax, and AUC. Furthermore, administration of sesamin to rats for 7 days had no significant effects on diclofenac hydroxylation activity in rat liver microsomes. These results demonstrate that no significant interaction occurs between diclofenac and sesamin in rats. Moreover, the results of these in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that no significant interaction may occur between sesamin and diclofenac when sesamin is administered to humans as a supplement, since the standard sesamin dose in humans is much lower than that administered to rats in this study.
In vitro pharmacological profiling of R406 identifies molecular targets underlying the clinical effects of fostamatinib
Authors: Rolf Michael G. , Curwen Jon O. , Veldman‐Jones Margaret , Eberlein Cath , Wang Jianyan , Harmer Alex , Hellawell Caroline J. , Braddock Martin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOff‐target pharmacology may contribute to both adverse and beneficial effects of a new drug. In vitro pharmacological profiling is often applied early in drug discovery; there are fewer reports addressing the relevance of broad profiles to clinical adverse effects. Here, we have characterized the pharmacological profile of the active metabolite of fostamatinib, R406, linking an understanding of drug selectivity to the increase in blood pressure observed in clinical studies. R406 was profiled in a broad range of in vitro assays to generate a comprehensive pharmacological profile and key targets were further investigated using functional and cellular assay systems. A combination of traditional literature searches and text‐mining approaches established potential mechanistic links between the profile of R406 and clinical side effects. R406 was selective outside the kinase domain, with only antagonist activity at the adenosine A3 receptor in the range relevant to clinical effects. R406 was less selective in the kinase domain, having activity at many protein kinases at therapeutically relevant concentrations when tested in multiple in vitro systems. Systematic literature analyses identified KDR as the probable target underlying the blood pressure increase observed in patients. While the in vitro pharmacological profile of R406 suggests a lack of selectivity among kinases, a combination of classical searching and text‐mining approaches rationalized the complex profile establishing linkage between off‐target pharmacology and clinically observed effects. These results demonstrate the utility of in vitro pharmacological profiling for a compound in late‐stage clinical development.
On constructing practical multi‐recipient key‐encapsulation with short ciphertext and public key
Authors: Yang Zheng 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a novel multiple‐recipient key‐encapsulation mechanism (mKEM) scheme which takes as input multiple public keys and outputs a single key shared by corresponding recipients. We focus on seeking practical construction for mKEM with short ciphertext and public key. Our scheme is IND‐CCA2 secure without random oracles. The security is reduced to a new variant of square bilinear Diffie–Hellman assumption. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
miR-124, -128, and -137 Orchestrate Neural Differentiation by Acting on Overlapping Gene Sets Containing a Highly Connected Transcription Factor Network
Authors: Santos Márcia C. T. , Tegge Allison N. , Correa Bruna R. , Mahesula Swetha , Kohnke Luana Q. , Qiao Mei , Ferreira Marco A. R. , Kokovay Erzsebet , Penalva Luiz O. F. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe ventricular-subventricular zone harbors neural stem cells (NSCs) that can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. This process requires loss of stem cell properties and gain of characteristics associated with differentiated cells. miRNAs function as important drivers of this transition; miR-124, -128, and -137 are among the most relevant ones and have been shown to share commonalities and act as proneurogenic regulators. We conducted biological and genomic analyses to dissect their target repertoire during neurogenesis and tested the hypothesis that they act cooperatively to promote differentiation. To map their target genes, we transfected NSCs with antagomiRs and analyzed differences in their mRNA profile throughout differentiation with respect to controls. This strategy led to the identification of 910 targets for miR-124, 216 for miR-128, and 652 for miR-137. The target sets show extensive overlap. Inspection by gene ontology and network analysis indicated that transcription factors are a major component of these miRNAs target sets. Moreover, several of these transcription factors form a highly interconnected network. Sp1 was determined to be the main node of this network and was further investigated. Our data suggest that miR-124, -128, and -137 act synergistically to regulate Sp1 expression. Sp1 levels are dramatically reduced as cells differentiate and silencing of its expression reduced neuronal production and affected NSC viability and proliferation. In summary, our results show that miRNAs can act cooperatively and synergistically to regulate complex biological processes like neurogenesis and that transcription factors are heavily targeted to branch out their regulatory effect.
Multicomponent Reactions, Union of MCRs and Beyond
Authors: Zarganes‐Tzitzikas Tryfon , Chandgude Ajay L. , Dömling Alexander 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMulticomponent reactions (MCRs), which are located between one‐ and two‐component and polymerization reactions, provide a number of valuable conceptual and synthetic advantages over stepwise sequential approaches towards complex and valuable molecules. To address current limitations in the number of MCRs and the resulting scaffolds, the concept of union of MCRs was introduced two decades ago by Dömling and Ugi and is rapidly advancing, as is apparent by several recently published works. MCR technology is now widely recognized for its impact on drug discovery projects and is strongly endorsed by industry in addition to academia. Clearly, novel scaffolds accessible in few steps including MCRs will further enhance the field of applications. Additionally, broad expansion of MCR applications in fields such as imaging, materials science, medical devices, agriculture, or futuristic applications in stem cell therapy and theragnostics or solar energy and superconductivity are predicted.
Potential flow solutions for energy extracting actuator disc flows
Authors: van Kuik G. A. M. , Lignarolo L. E. M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe actuator disc is the oldest representation of a rotor, screw or propeller. Performance prediction is possible by applying momentum theory, giving integrated values for power and velocity. Computational fluid dynamics has provided much more flow details, but a full potential flow solution zooming in on these flow details was still absent. With the wake boundary discretized by vortex rings, flow states for energy extracting discs have been obtained for thrust coefficients up to 0.998. Boundary conditions are met with an accuracy of a few ‰. Results from momentum theory are confirmed.Most rotor design codes use momentum theory in annulus or differential form, assuming that the axial velocity vx at the disc is uniform. However, the absolute velocity |v| is found to be uniform, and arguments for this are presented. The non‐uniformity of vx is an inherent part of the flow solution caused by, in terms of momentum theory, the pressure acting at the annuli. This makes the annuli not independent from each other as assumed in current design codes. Although this was already known, it is now confirmed up to the highest thrust coefficients.Optimizing a rotor design should be carried out for the non‐uniform distribution of vx. To enable this, an equation for the non‐uniformity as function of thrust and radial position is presented, being a surface‐fit to the calculated data. Qualitatively, the non‐uniform distribution does the same as the Prandtl–Glauert–Shen tip correction applied to a uniform distribution. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.