bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D MODELLING OF TUNNEL EXCAVATION USING PRESSURIZED TUNNEL BORING MACHINE IN OVERCONSOLIDATED SOILS
Authors: Demagh Rafik , Emeriault Fabrice 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The construction of shallow tunnels in urban areas requires a prior assessment of their effects on the existing structures. In the case of shield tunnel boring machines (TBM), the various construction stages carried out constitute a highly three-dimensional problem of soil/structure interaction and are not easy to represent in a complete numerical simulation. Consequently, the tunnelling- induced soil movements are quite difficult to evaluate. A 3D simulation procedure, using a finite differences code, namely FLAC3D, taking into account, in an explicit manner, the main sources of movements in the soil mass is proposed in this paper. It is illustrated by the particular case of Toulouse Subway Line B for which experimental data are available and where the soil is saturated and highly overconsolidated. A comparison made between the numerical simulation results and the insitu measurements shows that the 3D procedure of simulation proposed is relevant, in particular regarding the adopted representation of the different operations performed by the tunnel boring machine (excavation, confining pressure, shield advancement, installation of the tunnel lining, grouting of the annular void, etc). Furthermore, a parametric study enabled a better understanding of the singular behaviour origin observed on the ground surface and within the solid soil mass, till now not mentioned in the literature.
ANALYTICAL VERIFICATION OF OUTLET DEVICES CAPACITY OF LUBACHÓW STORAGE RESERVOIR ON THE BYSTRZYCA RIVER
Authors: Machajski Jerzy , Olearczyk Dorota 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The Lubachów storage reservoir was built in the 1920’s. It is equipped with a relatively complex outlet installation, operating in variable hydraulic regime. The discharge deviations curves elaborated by German engineers for individual devices, after verification turned out to be burdened with a comparatively big error. This concerns especially the front spillway as well as intermediate outlets, and to a smaller degree the bottom outlets. The authors made a detailed analytical verification of the outlet installations and found great deviations from the currently valid discharge curves for these devices. Based on the analysis of conditions of computational discharges passage through the reservoir, they proved a high potential threat of water flow over the dam crest.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE SIZE OF REPRESENTATIVE VOLUME ELEMENT FOR LINEAR ELASTICITY PROBLEM
Authors: Różański Adrian , Łydżba Dariusz , Jabłoński Piotr 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In the paper, a numerical study of the size of representative volume element for the linear elasticity problem is performed. The calculations are carried out for three different types of random microstructures: checkerboard, the Ising model microstructure and Debye microstructure. It is postulated and then verified that there exists a relation between the morphology of microstructure contained in the lineal-path function and the minimum RVE size. It is confirmed, on the basis of numerical examples, that for all the microstructures considered the largest lineal-path can be treated as the size of RVE
NUMERICAL MODELING OF VERTICAL WELLS IN UNSTEADY GROUNDWATER FLOW CONDITIONS
Authors: Strzelecki Tomasz , Sawicki Eugeniusz , Strzelecki Michał 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This article presents the results of numerical calculations of drainage of a large engineering construction - “Afrykarium” in Wrocław ZOO, Poland, based on a 2D numerical model for seepage flow. In the numerical simulations the real (natural) hydrogeological conditions, water-courses, surface reservoirs and time dependent seepage flow (during drainage) are taken into account. The aim of numerical calculations was to determine quantities (draining time, number of wells, spacing and arrangement of wells, flows for every well, and hydraulic head map) necessary to design an effective drainage system of construction site. The mathematical model adopted to illustrate and predict groundwater depression during pumping was the Boussinesq equation for unsteady 2D flow.
DISPLACEMENT MONITORING AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS IN THE OBSERVATIONAL METHOD
Authors: Górska Karolina , Muszyński Zbigniew , Rybak Jarosław 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This work discusses the fundamentals of designing deep excavation support by means of observational method. The effective tools for optimum designing with the use of the observational method are both inclinometric and geodetic monitoring, which provide data for the systematically updated calibration of the numerical computational model. The analysis included methods for selecting data for the design (by choosing the basic random variables), as well as methods for an on-going verification of the results of numeric calculations (e.g., MES) by way of measuring the structure displacement using geodetic and inclinometric techniques. The presented example shows the sensitivity analysis of the calculation model for a cantilever wall in non-cohesive soil; that analysis makes it possible to select the data to be later subject to calibration. The paper presents the results of measurements of a sheet pile wall displacement, carried out by means of inclinometric method and, simultaneously, two geodetic methods, successively with the deepening of the excavation. This work includes also critical comments regarding the usefulness of the obtained data, as well as practical aspects of taking measurement in the conditions of on-going construction works.
JOHN BANVILLE’S SHROUD: A DECONSTRUCTIONIST’S CONFESSION
Authors: Kucała Bożena 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
This article analyses John Banville’s novel Shroud as the protagonist’s autobiography which both follows and resists the confessional mode. Axel Vander, an ageing famous academic and champion of deconstruction, faces the necessity to confront his real self, although he spent his entire academic life contesting the concept of authentic selfhood. Alluding to the infamous case of Paul de Man, whose deconstructionist theories have been reinterpreted in the light of the revelation of his disgraceful wartime past, Banville’s novel presents a man who veers between the temptation to fall back on his theories in order to uphold a lifelong deception, and the impulse to reveal the truth and achieve belated absolution. The article examines Vander’s narrative as an attempt at a truthful account of his life, combined with the conflicting tendency to resist self-exposure. Despite the protagonist’s ambivalent and selfcontradictory motivations, his account of his life belongs to the category of confessional writing, with its accompanying religious connotations. It is argued that the protagonist’s public denial of authentic selfhood is linked to his private evasion of moral culpability.
NECROPHELIA AND THE STRANGE CASE OF AFTERLIFE
Authors: Sosnowska Monika 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Drawing on Allan Edgar Poe’s provocative statement that “The death ... of a beautiful woman is, unquestionably, the most poetic topic in the world” (1951: 369), I will focus on the pivotal role of Shakespeare’s Ophelia in attesting to this assertion. Ophelia’s drowning is probably the most recognizable female death depicted by Shakespeare. Dating back to Gertrude’s “reported version” of the drowning, representations of Ophelia’s eroticized death have occupied the minds of Western artists and writers. Their necrOphelian fantasies materialized as numerous paintings, photographs and literary texts. It seems that Ophelia’s floating dead body is also at the core of postmodern thanatophiliac imagination, taking shape in the form of conventionalized representations, such as: video scenes available on YouTube, amateur photographs in bathtubs posted on photo sharing sites, reproductions and remakes of classical paintings (e.g. John Everett Millais), and contemporary art exhibitions in museums. These references will demonstrate that new cyber story - digital afterlife - is being built around the figure of Shakespearean Ophelia, unearthing the sexual attraction of the lifeless female body.
Psychosocial Factors and Intention to Use the Nutrition Care Process Among Dietitians and Dietetic Interns
Authors: Desroches Sophie , Lapointe Annie , Galibois Isabelle , Deschênes Sarah-Maude , Gagnon Marie-Pierre 
Published: February 2014

Purpose The theory of planned behaviour was used to explore the factors (i.e., attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control) affecting the intention of dietetic internship educators, new dietetic graduates, and dietetic interns to use the nutrition care process (NCP) in their clinical practice. Methods Participants (n=55) were recruited from the Bachelor of Science in Nutrition program at Université Laval. They completed an online quantitative questionnaire assessing their intention to use the NCP in their clinical practice, as well as associated psychosocial factors. Open-ended questions were also used to gain a further understanding of the salient beliefs underlying participants’ intention to use the NCP. Results Intention to use the NCP in practice and associated psychosocial factors were similar and favourable within the three participant groups. Subjective norm and perceived behavioural control were the psychosocial factors that significantly predicted an intention to use the NCP. The most cited perceived barrier to use of the NCP was a lack of knowledge, while the most cited facilitator was training opportunities. Conclusions Our results indicate that successful implementation of the NCP will likely require the development of theoretical and practical training activities for both pre-licensure students and experienced dietitians.
Mapping blue-ice areas in Antarctica using ETM+ and MODIS data
Authors: Hui Fengming , Ci Tianyu , Cheng Xiao , Scambo Ted A. , Liu Yan , Zhang Yanmei , Chi Zhaohui , Huang Huabing , Wang Xianwei , Wang Fang , Zhao Chen , Jin Zhenyu , Wang Kun 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBlue-ice areas (BIAs) and their geographical distribution in Antarctica were mapped using Landsat-7 ETM+ images with 15 m spatial resolution obtained during the 1999–2003 austral summers and covering the area north of 82.5° S, and a snow grain-size image of the MODIS-based Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) dataset with 125 m grid spacing acquired during the 2003/04 austral summer from 82.5°S to the South Pole. A map of BIAs was created with algorithms of thresholds based on band ratio and reflectance for ETM+ data and thresholds based on snow grain size for the MOA dataset. The underlying principle is that blue ice can be separated from snow or rock by their spectral discrepancies and by different grain sizes of snow and ice. We estimate the total area of BIAs in Antarctica during the data acquisition period is 234 549 km2, or 1.67% of the area of the continent. Blue ice is scattered widely over the continent but is generally located in coastal or mountainous regions. The BIA dataset presented in this study is the first map covering the entire Antarctic continent sourced solely from ETM+ and MODIS data. This dataset can potentially benefit other studies in glaciology, meteorology, climatology and paleoclimate, meteorite collection and airstrip site selection.
Phylogeny and biogeography of exindusiate Andean Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae)
Authors: McHenry Monique A. , Barrington David S. 
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: Uplift of the tropical Andes had a significant impact on the diversification of South American flora and fauna. Recent biogeographic inquiries have established patterns of Andean divergence, but investigations on ferns are scant. The fern genus Polystichum Roth (Dryopteridaceae) combines widespread geographic and elevational distribution with a large number of species to form an ideal system for investigation of the origin and diversification patterns of a fern lineage in the tropical Andes.• Methods: The relationships among 42 Polystichum species, including taxa from all major biogeographic regions, were analyzed with 2591 aligned nucleotides from four plastid markers using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. The resulting phylogeny was then used to estimate divergence times and reconstruct both ancestral areas and ancestral elevations.• Key results: Tropical Andean South American polystichums that lack an indusium (sori exindusiate) were confirmed to form a monophyletic group. This exindusiate Andean Polystichum clade diverged from a middle‐elevation forest lineage now rich in species endemic to Mexico during the middle Miocene (13.12 million years ago). The majority of diversification that followed took place in the montane regions of the central Andes with radiations to the northern Andes, southeastern Brazil, and alpine regions.• Conclusions: The monophyletic exindusiate Andean Polystichum lineage diverged from a Mexican lineage in the middle Miocene and diversified in the central Andes before dispersing northward. This south‐to‐north dispersal pattern, documented for many other Andean lineages, corresponds with episodes of uplift in the tropical Andes.
Impact of Modality Choice on Rates of Hospitalization in Patients Eligible for Both Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis
Authors: Quinn Robert R. , Ravani Pietro , Zhang Xin , Garg Amit X. , Blake Peter G. , Austin Peter C. , Zacharias James M. , Johnson John F. , Pandeya Sanjay , Verrelli Mauro , Oliver Matthew J. 
Published: February 2014

Background Hospitalization rates are a relevant consideration when choosing or recommending a dialysis modality. Previous comparisons of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) have not been restricted to individuals who were eligible for both therapies. Methods We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study of people 18 years of age and older who were eligible for both PD and HD, and who started outpatient dialysis between 2007 and 2010 in four Canadian dialysis programs. Zero-inflated negative binomial models, adjusted for baseline patient characteristics, were used to examine the association between modality choice and rates of hospitalization. Results The study enrolled 314 patients. A trend in the HD group toward higher rates of hospitalization, observed in the primary analysis, became significant when modality was treated as a time-varying exposure or when the population was restricted to elective outpatient starts in patients with at least 4 months of pre-dialysis care. Cardiovascular disease, infectious complications, and elective surgery were the most common reasons for hospital admission; only 23% of hospital stays were directly related to complications of dialysis or kidney disease. Conclusions Efforts to promote PD utilization are unlikely to result in increased rates of hospitalization, and efforts to reduce hospital admissions should focus on potentially avoidable causes of cardiovascular disease and infectious complications.
Impact of Break-In Period on the Short-Term Outcomes of Patients Started on Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Liu Yaorong , Zhang Lin , Lin Aiwu , Ni Zhaohui , Qian Jiaqi , Fang Wei 
Published: February 2014

Objectives Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is one of the first-line modalities of renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease. Guidelines recommended a break-in period of at least 2 weeks before full PD start. However, the optimal duration of the break-in period is still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of various break-in periods on short-term outcomes in patients on PD. Methods All patients who underwent Tenckhoff catheter implantation and initiated PD in Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2010 were included. Patients were grouped according to the duration of their break-in period: 7 days or less (BI≤7), 8 - 14 days (BI8 14), and more than 14 days (BI>14). Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to compare short-term outcomes in the various groups. Results Our study enrolled 657 patients (44.5% men), of whom 344, 137, and 176 patients were in the respective break-in groups. Compared with BI>14 patients, BI≤7 patients had a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (5.34 ± 1.86 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs 6.55 ± 1.71 mL/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.001) and lower serum albumin (33.29 ± 5.36 g/L vs 36.64 ± 5.40 g/L, p < 0.001). The incidence of mechanical complications during the first 6 months was significantly higher in BI≤7 patients than in BI>14 patients (8.4% vs 1.7%, p = 0.004). However, we observed no significant differences between the three groups with respect to the prevalence of catheter dysfunction requiring surgical intervention ( p > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that BI≤7 [relative risk: 4.322; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.278 to 14.608; p = 0.019] was an independent predictor of catheter dysfunction, but not of catheter dysfunction requiring surgical intervention ( p > 0.05). Catheter dysfunction [hazard ratio (HR): 20.087; 95% CI: 7.326 to 55.074; p < 0.001] and peritonitis (HR: 4.533; 95% CI: 1.748 to 11.751; p = 0.002) were risk factors for technique failure during the first 6 months, but BI≤7 was not correlated with technique failure. Conclusions Patients starting PD with a break-in period of less than 1 week might experience a minor increased risk of mechanical complications, but no major effect on technique survival.
U.Porto, its Faculty of Engineering and PBL approaches
Authors: Restivo Maria Teresa 
Published: February 2014

The University of Porto (U.Porto) was founded in 1911. Its Faculty of Engineering (FEUP) is the largest school of U.Porto.
U.Porto and FEUP are very active in research, development and innovation with about 20% of all scientific papers in Portugal among the 15 public Universities in the country.
FEUP is also aware of the important role of higher education in training future engineers. U.Porto and FEUP have been following discussions and significant efforts have been made for promoting teacher professional development in order to guaranty new teaching/learning methodologies and initiatives to promote engineering education.
Diverse initiatives came out since 2000. This work describes different projects specially developed at FEUP like the EMPE project and the FEUP project will be described and results will be addressed. Also, a global and huge program from U.Porto, iJUP, will be presented as very unifying interdisciplinary program at U.Porto involving together teachers/researchers and students from all its 14 schools, and particularly from FEUP.
The parasitoid communities associated with Ceutorhynchus species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Ontario and Québec, Canada
Authors: Mason P.G. , Miall J.H. , Bouchard P. , Brauner A. , Gillespie D.R. , Gibson G.A.P. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSurveys were conducted in Ontario and Québec, Canada to determine the parasitoid communities associated with Ceutorhynchus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) weevil species that are potential nontarget hosts of candidate biological control agents of the cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham). New host plant associations are documented for Ceutorhynchus americanus Buchanan, Ceutorhynchus neglectus Blatchley, and Ceutorhynchus omissus Fall. More than 18 species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) were associated with six Ceutorhynchus species reared from siliques and stems of Brassicaceae plants. Silique-feeding Ceutorhynchus species supported a more diverse parasitoid community than stem-feeding or root crown-feeding species. The major components of the parasitoid assemblage of the native C. neglectus included Mesopolobus gemellus Baur and Muller, Mesopolobus moryoides Gibson, Trichomalus lucidus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and a cryptic species complex previously reported as Necremnus tidius (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). These species, plus Trimeromicrus maculatus Gahan (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were the main parasitoids attacking the native C. omissus. The major parasitoids associated with the accidently introduced Ceutorhynchus erysimi (Fabricius) and Ceutorhynchus typhae (Herbst) included T. maculatus, the N. tidius species complex, M. gemellus, and M. moryoides. Trichomalus perfectus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a major parasitoid of C. obstrictus in Europe, is an accidental introduction first reared in Canada from that host in 2009 and first collected from C. omissus in 2011. Mesopolobus gemellus is shown to have a broad host range. These findings highlight the need for a cautious approach before introducing new biological control agents.
Regulation of MHC Class I Expression by Foxp3 and Its Effect on Regulatory T Cell Function
Authors: Mu Jie , Tai Xuguang , Iyer Shankar S. , Weissman Jocelyn D. , Singer Alfred , Singer Dinah S. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Expression of MHC class I molecules, which provide immune surveillance against intracellular pathogens, is higher on lymphoid cells than on any other cell types. In T cells, this is a result of activation of class I transcription by the T cell enhanceosome consisting of Runx1, CBFβ, and LEF1. We now report that MHC class I transcription in T cells also is enhanced by Foxp3, resulting in higher levels of class I in CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells than in conventional CD4+CD25− T cells. Interestingly, the effect of Foxp3 regulation of MHC class I transcription is cell type specific: Foxp3 increases MHC class I expression in T cells but represses it in epithelial tumor cells. In both cell types, Foxp3 targets the upstream IFN response element and downstream core promoter of the class I gene. Importantly, expression of MHC class I contributes to the function of CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells by enhancing immune suppression, both in in vitro and in vivo. These findings identify MHC class I genes as direct targets of Foxp3 whose expression augments regulatory T cell function.
TCR Scanning of Peptide/MHC through Complementary Matching of Receptor and Ligand Molecular Flexibility
Authors: Hawse William F. , De Soumya , Greenwood Alex I. , Nicholson Linda K. , Zajicek Jaroslav , Kovrigin Evgenii L. , Kranz David M. , Garcia K. Christopher , Baker Brian M. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAlthough conformational changes in TCRs and peptide Ags presented by MHC protein (pMHC) molecules often occur upon binding, their relationship to intrinsic flexibility and role in ligand selectivity are poorly understood. In this study, we used nuclear magnetic resonance to study TCR–pMHC binding, examining recognition of the QL9/H-2Ld complex by the 2C TCR. Although the majority of the CDR loops of the 2C TCR rigidify upon binding, the CDR3β loop remains mobile within the TCR–pMHC interface. Remarkably, the region of the QL9 peptide that interfaces with CDR3β is also mobile in the free pMHC and in the TCR–pMHC complex. Determination of conformational exchange kinetics revealed that the motions of CDR3β and QL9 are closely matched. The matching of conformational exchange in the free proteins and its persistence in the complex enhances the thermodynamic and kinetic stability of the TCR–pMHC complex and provides a mechanism for facile binding. We thus propose that matching of structural fluctuations is a component of how TCRs scan among potential ligands for those that can bind with sufficient stability to enable T cell signaling.