bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Recovery of Green Doubled Haploid Plants from Barley Anther Culture
Authors: Sriskandarajah Sridevy , Sameri Mohammad , Lerceteau‐Köhler Estelle , Westerbergh Anna 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTAlbinism is a major limitation in the production of doubled haploid plants in cereals. As this trait is partly genetically controlled, the culture method has to be adapted to the plant genotype to reduce albinism. We have improved green plant recovery in the Northern barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) spring cultivar Mitja from 6 to 42% by altering the culture method and composition of the culture media. In a new three‐step protocol, the addition of casein hydrolysate to an intermediate regeneration medium gave the highest number of green plants. The shoot and root growth medium used for germinated embryos was superior to the standard media reported in the literature for root formation and shoot growth. Our modified method has merit for testing with other recalcitrant genotypes in anther and isolated microspore cultures.
Untersuchung dreidimensionaler struktureller Veränderungen in LiFePO4-Batterien mittels Röntgen-Tomografie
Authors: Happach Magnus , Osenberg Markus , Hilger André , Kardjilov Nikolay , Wieder Frank , Manke Ingo , Kallfaß Christoph , Hoch Christian 
Published: September 2015

Kurzfassung
Die Sicherheit und Beständigkeit von Lithium-Ionen-Batterie-Systemen ist insbesondere für den Einsatz in der Fahrzeugindustrie von hoher Bedeutung. Deshalb werden die Auswirkungen von Kurzschlüssen und Überladungen mittels röntgen-tomografischer Methoden untersucht. Beide Vorgänge führen zu strukturellen Schädigungen im Inneren der Batterien, die äußerlich zerstörungsfrei identifiziert werden. Als Anwendungsbeispiel wurden kommerzielle LiFePO4-Batterien gewählt, die in verschiedenen Applikationen weitläufig zum Einsatz kommen.
Application of asymmetry in plate rolling on the finishing stand of a rolling mill 3600
Authors: Szyiński Paweł , Kawałek Anna , Dyja Henryk , Laber Konrad 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This publication presents results of numerical simulation of the asymmetric rolling process for band shape ratio h0/D = 0.124. The study was conducted to determine the differences in the impact factor of asymmetry in the band bending after leaving the deformation zone and the power parameters of rolling process. Introduction of single asymmetry by varying the peripheral speed of the work rolls does not have an effect on reduction of force parameters values. Based on the survey, it was found that introduction of a second asymmetry by varying the diameter of the work rolls allows to lower rolling force and rolling power, it also allows to obtain a flat band after rolling process.
Experimental investigations of the combustion efficiency for fire load calculations
Authors: Kusche Christian , Knaust Christian , Hahn Sarah-Katharina , Krause Ulrich 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The amount of heat, which is released by fire loads during the combustion process, depends on the material characteristics, the ventilation conditions, the storage density and the distribution. To evaluate the structural stability of buildings in case of fire, the fire load has to be quantified. In Germany, the fire load is quantified by using the combustion factor m, while internationally the combustion efficiency χ is applied. Both factors assess the burning behavior of materials, but the determination is carried out in different ways. Since the testing facility was abolished fifteen years ago, it is not possible to determine the combustion factor m anymore. So, it should be found out, if the combustion efficiency χ is a convenient method to quantify the fire load under the consideration of the German standards. As a part of the research, combustion efficiencies χ were determined for eight materials in the cone calorimeter and the single burning item test at different heat fluxes. The values of the combustion efficiencies χ as well as the corresponding combustion factors m were discussed and compared to the values of the literature. The results show an influence of the testing facility on the combustion efficiency. The values of the combustion efficiency determined in the single burning item test were higher than the values from the cone calorimeter.
Effect of heat treatment and deformation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SP-700 titanium alloy
Authors: Nieh Jo-Kuang , Lee Sheng-Long , Pan Kuen-Sung 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of cold working prior to aging on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SP-700 titanium alloy. The results indicate that the microstructure of the quenched alloy comprises blocky primary α, retained β, and acicular α” martensite distributed in the β matrix. The retained β is transformed to denser and finer brittle acicular martensite α” by stress-induced martensitic transformation and the quantity of retained β decreases with higher degrees of cold working. The quenched alloy exhibits not only low yield strength, but the stress-induced martensite leads to a distinct increase in strength with good ductility. Plastic deformation prior to the aging treatment produces a great increase in the yield strength due to refinement of the precipitate microstructure, leading to the ratio of strength increment and ductility being very low.
Microstructural alterations in trigeminal neuralgia determined by diffusion tensor imaging are independent of symptom duration, severity, and type of neurovascular conflict
Authors: Lutz Juergen , Thon Niklas , Stahl Robert , Lummel Nina , Tonn Joerg-Christian , Linn Jennifer , Mehrkens Jan-Hinnerk 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
In this prospective study diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to evaluate the influence of clinical and anatomical parameters on structural alterations within the fifth cranial nerve in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) due to neurovascular compression.

METHODS
Overall, 81 patients (40 men and 41 women; mean age 60 ± 5 years) with typical TN were included who underwent microsurgical decompression. Preoperative 3.0-T high-resolution MRI and DTI were analyzed in a blinded fashion. The respective fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient values were compared with the clinical, imaging, and intraoperative data. This study was approved by the institutional review board, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients.

RESULTS
DTI analyses revealed significantly lower FA values within the vulnerable zone of the affected trigeminal nerve compared with the contralateral side (p = 0.05). The DTI analyses also included 3 patients without clear evidence of neurovascular conflict on preoperative MRI. No differences were seen between arterial and venous compression. Lower FA values were found 5 months after symptom onset; however, no correlation was found with the duration of symptoms or severity of compression.

CONCLUSIONS
DTI analysis allows the quantification of structural alterations, even in those patients without any discernible neurovascular contact on MRI. Moreover, our findings support the hypothesis that both the arteries and veins can cause structural alterations that lead to TN. These aspects can be useful for making treatment decisions.
Ventricle wall dissection and vascular preservation with the pulsed water jet device: novel tissue dissector for flexible neuroendoscopic surgery
Authors: Kawaguchi Tomohiro , Nakagawa Atsuhiro , Endo Toshiki , Fujimura Miki , Sonoda Yukihiko , Tominaga Teiji 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
Neuroendoscopic surgery allows minimally invasive surgery, but lacks effective methods to control bleeding. Water jet dissection with continuous flow has been used in liver and kidney surgery since the 1980s, and is effective for tissue manipulation with vascular preservation, but involves some potential risks, such as elevation of intracranial pressure during application in the ventricles. The authors previously reported the efficacy of the actuator-driven pulsed water jet device (ADPJ) to dissect soft tissue with vascular preservation in microscopic neurosurgery. This feasibility study investigated the use of the ADPJ to reduce the amount of water usage, leading to more safety with sustained efficacy.

METHODS
A small-diameter pulsed water jet device was developed for use with the flexible neuroendoscope. To identify the optimal conditions for the water jet, the flow rate, water pressure, and distance between the nozzle and target were analyzed in an in vitro study by using a gelatin brain phantom. A ventricle model was used to monitor the internal pressure and temperature. For ex vivo experiments the porcine brain was harvested and ventricle walls were exposed, and subsequently immersed into physiological saline. For in vivo experiments the cortex was microsurgically resected to make the small cortico-ventricle window, and then the endoscope was introduced to dissect ventricle walls.

RESULTS
In the in vitro experiments, water pressure was approximately 6.5 bar at 0.5 mm from the ADPJ nozzle and was maintained at 1 mm, but dropped rapidly toward 50% at 2 mm, and became 10% at 3.5 mm. The ADPJ required less water to achieve the same dissection depth compared with the continuous-flow water jet. With the ventricle model, the internal pressure and temperature were well controlled at the baseline, with open water drainage. These results indicated that the ADPJ can be safely applied within the ventricles. The ADPJ was introduced into a flexible endoscope and the ventricle walls were dissected in both the ex vivo and in vivo conditions. The ventricle wall was dissected without obscuring the view, and the vascular structures were anatomically preserved under direct application. Histological examination revealed that both the vessels on the ventricle wall and the fine vessels in the parenchyma were preserved.

CONCLUSIONS
The ADPJ can safely and effectively dissect the ventricle wall, with vascular preservation in immersed conditions. To achieve the optimal result of tissue dissection with minimal surgical risk, the ADPJ is a potential device for neuroendoscopic surgery of the ventricles.
Diagnosis and treatment of cavernous hemangioma of the internal auditory canal
Authors: Zhu Wei Dong , Huang Qi , Li Xi Ye , Chen Hong Sai , Wang Zhao Yan , Wu Hao 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
Cavernous hemangioma of the internal auditory canal (IAC) is an extremely rare type of tumor, and only 50 cases have been reported in the literature prior to this study. The aim in this study was to describe the symptomatology, radiological features, and surgical outcomes for patients with cavernous hemangioma of the IAC and to discuss the diagnostic criteria and treatment strategy for the disease.

METHODS
The study included 6 patients with cavernous hemangioma of the IAC. All patients presented with sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus, and 2 also suffered from vertigo. Five patients reported a history of facial symptoms with hemispasm or palsy: 3 had progressive facial weakness, 1 had a hemispasm, and 1 had a history of recovery from sudden facial paresis. All patients underwent CT and MRI to rule out intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas and facial nerve neuromas. Five patients had their tumors surgically removed, while 1 patient, who did not have facial problems, was followed up with a wait-and-scan approach.

RESULTS
All patients had a presurgical diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma of the IAC, which was confirmed pathologically in the 5 patients who underwent surgical removal of the tumor. The translabyrinthine approach was used to remove the tumor in 4 patients, while the middle cranial fossa approach was used in the 1 patient who still had functional hearing. Tumors adhered to cranial nerves VII and/or VIII and were difficult to dissect from nerve sheaths during surgeries. Complete hearing loss occurred in all 5 patients. In 3 patients, the facial nerve could not be separated from the tumor, and primary end-to-end anastomosis was performed. Intact facial nerve preservation was achieved in 2 patients. Patients were followed up for at least 1 year after treatment, and MRI showed no evidence of tumor regrowth. All patients experienced some level of recovery in facial nerve function.

CONCLUSIONS
Cavernous hemangioma of the IAC can be diagnosed preoperatively through analysis of clinical features and neuroimaging. Early surgical intervention may preserve the functional integrity of the facial nerve and provide a better outcome after nerve reconstruction. However, preservation of functional hearing may not be achieved, even with the retrosigmoid or middle cranial fossa approaches. The translabyrinthine approach seems to be the most appropriate approach overall, as the facial nerve can be easily located and reconstructed.
Long-term treatment outcome of venous-predominant arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Jeon Jin Pyeong , Kim Jeong Eun , Ahn Jun Hyong , Cho Won-Sang , Cho Young Dae , Son Young-Je , Bang Jae Seung , Kang Hyun-Seung , Sohn Chul-Ho , Chung Hyun-Tai , Oh Chang Wan , Kim Dong Gyu 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
Treatment strategies for venous-predominant arteriovenous malformation (vp-AVM) remain unclear due to the limited number of cases and a lack of long-term outcomes. The purpose of this study was to report the authors’ experience with treatment outcomes with a review of the pertinent literature in patients with vp-AVM.

METHODS
Medical and radiological data from 1998 to 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. The degree of the arteriovenous (AV) shunt was categorized into 2 groups, a high- and low-flow AV shunt based on the angiographic findings.

RESULTS
Sixteen patients with a mean age of 45.3 years (range 16–78 years) and a mean follow-up of 79.9 months (range 25–264 months) were examined. Symptomatic lesions were noted in 13 patients: intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in 9, seizure in 1, and headache in 3. A high-flow shunt was observed on angiography in 13 patients. Among these 13 patients, 12 patients were symptomatic. Nine patients presenting with ICH underwent hematoma removal with additional Gamma Knife surgery (GKS; n = 4), GKS only (n = 2), or conservative treatment (n = 3). The 3 asymptomatic patients received conservative treatment, and 1 rebleeding episode was observed. Seven of 8 patients who underwent GKS as an initial or secondary treatment modality experienced a marked reduction in the AV shunt on follow-up angiography, but complete obliteration was not observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Poor lesion localization makes a vp-AVM challenging to treat. Symptomatic patients with a high-flow shunt are supposedly best treated with GKS, despite the fact that only 87.5% of the vp-AVMs treated this way showed a reduction in the malformation volume, and none were cured.
Increased prevalence of autoimmune disease in patients with unilateral compared with bilateral moyamoya disease
Authors: Chen Jian-Bin , Liu Yi , Zhou Liang-Xue , Sun Hong , He Min , You Chao 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
This study explored whether there were differences between the autoimmune disease prevalence rates in unilateral and bilateral moyamoya disease (MMD).

METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective review of data obtained from the medical records of their hospital, analyzing and comparing the clinical characteristics and prevalence rates of all autoimmune diseases that were associated with unilateral and bilateral MMD in their hospital from January 1995 to October 2014.

RESULTS
Three hundred sixteen patients with bilateral MMD and 68 with unilateral MMD were identified. The results indicated that patients with unilateral MMD were more likely to be female than were patients with bilateral MMD (67.6% vs 51.3%, p = 0.014, odds ratio [OR] 1.99). Overall, non-autoimmune comorbidities tended to be more prevalent in the unilateral MMD cases than in the bilateral MMD cases (17.6% vs 9.8%, p = 0.063, OR 1.97, chi-square test). Autoimmune thyroid disease and other autoimmune diseases also tended to be more prevalent in the unilateral MMD cases than in the bilateral MMD cases (19.1% vs 10.8%, p = 0.056, OR 1.96 and 8.8% vs 3.5%, p = 0.092, OR 2.77, respectively, chi-square test). The overall autoimmune disease prevalence in the unilateral MMD cases was significantly higher than in the bilateral MMD cases (26.5% vs 13.6%, p = 0.008, OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.22–4.28, chi-square test). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that autoimmune disease was more likely to be associated with unilateral than with bilateral MMD (p = 0.039, OR 10.91, 95% CI 1.13–105.25).

CONCLUSIONS
This study indicated a higher overall autoimmune disease prevalence in unilateral than in bilateral MMD. Unilateral MMD may be more associated with autoimmune disease than bilateral MMD. Different pathogenetic mechanisms may underlie moyamoya vessel formation in unilateral and bilateral MMD.
Monopolar high-frequency language mapping: can it help in the surgical management of gliomas? A comparative clinical study
Authors: Riva Marco , Fava Enrica , Gallucci Marcello , Comi Alessandro , Casarotti Alessandra , Alfiero Tommaso , Raneri Fabio A. , Pessina Federico , Bello Lorenzo 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
Intraoperative language mapping is traditionally performed with low-frequency bipolar stimulation (LFBS). High-frequency train-of-five stimulation delivered by a monopolar probe (HFMS) is an alternative technique for motor mapping, with a lower reported seizure incidence. The application of HFMS in language mapping is still limited. Authors of this study assessed the efficacy and safety of HFMS for language mapping during awake surgery, exploring its clinical impact compared with that of LFBS.

METHODS
Fifty-nine patients underwent awake surgery with neuropsychological testing, and LFBS and HFMS were compared. Frequency, type, and site of evoked interference were recorded. Language was scored preoperatively and 1 week and 3 months after surgery. Extent of resection was calculated as well.

RESULTS
High-frequency monopolar stimulation induced a language disturbance when the repetition rate was set at 3 Hz. Interference with counting (p = 0.17) and naming (p = 0.228) did not vary between HFMS and LFBS. These results held true when preoperative tumor volume, lesion site, histology, and recurrent surgery were considered.
Intraoperative responses (1603) in all patients were compared. The error rate for both modalities differed from baseline values (p < 0.001) but not with one another (p = 0.06). Low-frequency bipolar stimulation sensitivity (0.458) and precision (0.665) were slightly higher than the HFMS counterparts (0.367 and 0.582, respectively). The error rate across the 3 types of language errors (articulatory, anomia, paraphasia) did not differ between the 2 stimulation methods (p = 0.279).

CONCLUSIONS
With proper setting adjustments, HFMS is a safe and effective technique for language mapping.
Bilateral pial synangiosis in a child with PHACE syndrome
Authors: Jack Andrew S. , Chow Michael M. , Fiorillo Loretta , Chibuk Thea , Yager Jerome Y. , Mehta Vivek 
Published: September 2015

The acronym PHACE has been used to denote a constellation of abnormalities: posterior fossa anomalies, facial hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac anomalies, and eye abnormalities. Approximately 30% of patients with large facial hemangiomas have PHACE syndrome, with the vast majority having intracranial arteriopathy. Few reports characterize neurological deterioration from this intracranial arteriopathy, and even fewer report successful treatment thereof. The authors report on a case of a child with PHACE syndrome who presented with an ischemic stroke from a progressive intracranial arteriopathy and describe her successful treatment with bilateral pial synangiosis.
An 8-month old girl diagnosed with PHACE syndrome was found to have bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis. Although initially asymptomatic, a few months after diagnosis she suffered a right frontal and parietal stroke. MRI and cerebral angiography investigations demonstrated progressive intracranial arterial stenosis and occlusion. The patient then underwent indirect cerebral revascularization surgery. At 2-year follow-up, she exhibited clinical improvement with persistent speech and motor developmental delay. Follow-up MRI and cerebral angiography showed no new ischemic events and robust extensive vascular collateralization from surgery.
PHACE syndrome is an uncommon disease, and affected patients often have cerebral arteriopathy. Although the underlying natural history of cerebral arteriopathy in PHACE remains unclear, cerebral revascularization may represent a potential therapy for symptomatic patients.
The effect of weekend and after-hours surgery on morbidity and mortality rates in pediatric neurosurgery patients
Authors: Desai Virendra , Gonda David , Ryan Sheila L. , Briceño Valentina , Lam Sandi K. , Luerssen Thomas G. , Syed Sohail H. , Jea Andrew 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
Several studies have indicated that the 30-day morbidity and mortality risks are higher among pediatric and adult patients who are admitted on the weekends. This “weekend effect” has been observed among patients admitted with and fora variety of diagnoses and procedures, including myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, stroke, peptic ulcer disease, and pediatric surgery. In this study, morbidity and mortality outcomes for emergency pediatric neurosurgical procedures carried out on the weekend or after hours are compared with emergency surgical procedures performed during regular weekday business hours.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of operative data was conducted. Between December 1, 2011, and August 20, 2014, a total of 710 urgent or emergency neurosurgical procedures were performed at Texas Children’s Hospital in children younger than than 18 years of age. These procedures were then stratified into 3 groups: weekday regular hours, weekday after hours, and weekend hours. By cross-referencing these events with a prospectively collected morbidity and mortality database, the impact of the day and time on complication incidence was examined. Outcome metrics were compared using logistic regression models.

RESULTS
The weekday regular hours and after-hours (weekday after hours and weekends) surgery groups consisted of 341 and 239 patients and 434 and 276 procedures, respectively. There were no significant differences in the types of cases performed (p = 0.629) or baseline preoperative health status as determined by American Society of Anesthesiologists classifications (p = 0.220) between the 2 cohorts. After multivariate adjustment and regression, children undergoing emergency neurosurgical procedures during weekday after hours or weekends were more likely to experience complications (p = 0.0227).

CONCLUSIONS
Weekday after-hours and weekend emergency pediatric neurosurgical procedures are associated with significantly increased 30-day morbidity and mortality risk compared with procedures performed during weekday regular hours.