bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary cardiac leiomyosarcoma: An analysis of clinical characteristics and outcome patterns
Authors: Wang Ji-Gang , Cui Li , Jiang Tao , Li Yu-Jun , Wei Zhi-Min 
Published: March 2015

Background Primary cardiac leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare entity. There is no accumulated knowledge about the clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies for this tumor. This study aimed to systematically review the available literature to investigate the clinicoradiologic and clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment, and outcomes in patients with primary cardiac leiomyosarcoma. Methods We identified 79 instances derived from 72 unique reports and carefully analyzed all clinical presentations, imaging, pathology, treatments, and outcomes. Results The mean age at onset was 48 years. A symptom of obstruction was the most frequent complaint at diagnosis. Routine imaging methods such as echocardiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging had high sensitivity in diagnosis. The tumor has a poorer life expectancy than its counterparts in other sites. The 5-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were 25.4% and 14.7%, respectively. Overall survival was affected by age, surgery, and adjunctive chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Conclusions Our findings suggest that primary cardiac leiomyosarcomas tend to be biologically more aggressive compared to their counterparts in other sites. However, complete resection and adjunctive chemotherapy or radiotherapy may help to increase the life expectancy.
High-dose antipsychotics: addressing patients' resistance to physical health monitoring
Authors: Murphy Paula Marie , Iles Andrew , Sreedharan Suja 
Published: March 2015

SummaryHigh-dose antipsychotics are sometimes used in clinical practice when patients fail to respond to treatment at standard doses. Owing to the potential physical complications associated with this, strict adherence to physical health monitoring is essential. Challenges arise for clinicians when patients refuse to cooperate with this monitoring. We discuss different interventions to overcome this problem, many of which are coercive in nature, and consider their professional, ethical and legal implications. We include a flow diagram to assist clinicians in their documentation and decision-making in these circumstances as well as case vignettes showing when monitoring under restraint is and is not justifiable.
Highly Stereoselective Carbon–Carbon Bond-forming Reactions on Cyclopropane Rings Using 1-(Methoxycarbonyl)cyclopropylzinc Bromides
Authors: Sakuma Daichi , Yamada Kenta , Sasazawa Kazuya , Nishii Yoshinori 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Highly stereoselective Reformatsky reaction and Pd-catalyzed arylation using 1-(alkoxycarbonyl)cyclopropylzinc bromide proceeded to give the trans-adduct as the major product in good to high yields with good to excellent stereoselectivities.
A Prism Carbon Molecule C20
Authors: Ohno Koichi , Satoh Hiroko , Iwamoto Takeaki 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
A new carbon family with a prism structure has been found by quantum chemical calculations. The prism-C20 has a D10h structure with double-layered decagonal rings connected each other by ten vertical CC bonds. The CC bond lengths are 0.144 nm on the decagonal rings and 0.148 nm on the side faces. The diameter of the ring is 0.465 nm. The prism-C20 is expected to be stable, since the lowest energy barrier from it was estimated to be 158.0 kJ mol−1.
Linking Electronic Health Records to Better Understand Breast Cancer Patient
Pathways Within and Between Two Health Systems
Authors: Thompson Caroline A. , Kurian Allison W. , Luft Harold S. 
Published: March 2015

Introduction: In a fragmented health care system, research can be challenging when
one seeks to follow cancer patients as they seek care which can continue for months or
years and may reflect many physician and patient decisions. Claims data track patients,
but lack clinical detail. Linking routine electronic health record (EHR) data with
clinical registry data allows one to gain a more complete picture of the patient journey
through a cancer care episode. However, valid analytical approaches to examining care
trajectories must be longitudinal and account for the dynamic nature of what is “seen”
in the EHR.Methods: The Oncoshare database combines clinical detail from the California
Cancer Registry and EHR data from two large health care organizations in the same
catchment area—a multisite community practice and an academic medical center—for all
women treated in either organization for breast cancer from 2000 to 2012. We classified
EHR encounters data according to typical periods of the cancer care episode (screening,
diagnosis, treatment) and posttreatment surveillance, as well as by facility used to
better characterize patterns of care for patients seen at both
organizations.Findings: We identified a “treated” cohort consisting of women receiving
interventions for their initial cancer diagnosis, and classified their encounters over
time across multiple dimensions (type of care, provider of care, and timing of care with
respect to their cancer diagnosis). Forty-three percent of the patients were treated at
the academic center only, 42 percent at the community center only, and 16 percent of the
patients obtained care at both health care organizations. Compared to women seen at only
one organization, the last group had similar-length initial care episodes, but more
frequently had multiple episodes and longer observation periods.Discussion: Linking EHR
data from neighboring systems can enhance our information on care trajectories, but
careful consideration of the complexity of the treatment process and data generating
mechanisms is necessary to make valid inferences.Conclusion/Next Steps: If analyzed as a
timeline, and with careful characterization of diagnostic tests, surgical interventions,
and type and frequency of physician encounters, the pathways taken by women through
their breast cancer episode may lead to better understanding of patient
decisions.
Supported Decision-Making and the Human Right of Legal Capacity
Authors: Glen Kristin Booth 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities (CRPD) establishes a new paradigm of supported decision-making, rather than guardianship or substituted decision-making, for people with intellectual disability (ID). Article 12 of the CRPD guarantees every person's right to legal capacity—to make her/his own decisions and have those decisions legally recognized—and specifically requires governments to provide people with ID the supports they may need to exercise legal capacity. The Article describes the human rights regime and explores different forms of supported decision-making and legislative efforts to abolish guardianship. It calls for a paradigm shift in how we view people with ID, from inquiry into what a person cannot do, to supports necessary to enable her/him to make her/his own decisions, and the legal efforts necessary to ensure that such decisions are recognized by third parties including financial institutions, healthcare providers, and government agencies.
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 3 Is Downregulated and Its Expression Is Shifted From Neurons to Astrocytes in the Mouse Lateral Septum During the Postpartum Period
Authors: Zhao Changjiu , Gammie Stephen C. 
Published: March 2015

Summary The inhibitory metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGluR3) plays diverse and complex roles in brain function, including synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission. We recently found that mGluR3 is downregulated in the lateral septum (LS) of postpartum females using microarray and qPCR analysis. In this study, we used double fluorescence immunohistochemical approaches to characterize mGluR3 changes in LS of the postpartum brain. The number of mGluR3-immunoractive cells was significantly reduced in the dorsal (LSD) and intermediate (LSI) but not ventral (LSV) parts of the LS in postpartum versus virgin females. mGluR3 immunoreactivity in the LS was found predominantly in neurons (~70%), with a smaller portion (~20%–30%) in astrocytes. Colocalization analysis revealed a reduced mGluR3 expression in neurons but an increased astrocytic localization in postpartum LSI. This change in the pattern of expression suggests that mGluR3 expression is shifted from neurons to astrocytes in postpartum LS, and the decrease in mGluR3 is neuron-specific. Because mGluR3 is inhibitory and negatively regulates glutamate and GABA release, decreases in neuronal expression would increase glutamate and GABA signaling. Given our recent finding that ~90% of LS neurons are GABAergic, the present data suggest that decreases in mGluR3 are a mechanism for elevated GABA in LS in the postpartum state.
Of mice and music: Image, soundtrack and historical possibility
Authors: Shanks Coinneach 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Jazz and animation enjoyed an organic relationship in what was the developmental period for both forms. During the Jazz Age, from the 1920s to the early 1930s, jazz provided frequent animation soundtracks. For the most popular and enduring cartoon characters, it was their music of choice. Two forms with clear structural similarities of syncopation and rhythm temporarily merged. Together they created a timescape or representational space that critically challenged taken for granted relationships with the modern(ist) world. In an anti-realist attack on modernism, animated characters asked critical questions of their audience in a similar way to Brecht’s epic theatre. In an alliance with jazz, they unmasked hidden aspects of society and its technological marvels in a questioning, revealing and confrontational manner. The article takes a phenomenological ‘letterbox’ approach to the period. Three case studies of early animation and jazz, Felix the Cat, Mickey Mouse and Betty Boop, are employed to demonstrate a distinctive collaboration between the visual and sonic. The article argues that the comparatively marginalized position of two improvised forms allowed for the development of a critical artistic movement identified by the Frankfurt School. In particular, Walter Benjamin and Theodor Adorno recognized that popular or ‘low art’ was not merely a reflection of economic life but constituted a conscious, active force for change. The subterranean and often subversive values of the animation–jazz alliance were quickly recuperated, but for a limited period offered a resistance that ran counter to established taste and the bourgeois appropriation of ‘high art’.
Duke Ellington, the film composer
Authors: Wegele Peter 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In the quantity of Duke Ellington’s oeuvre, his film music is only a small aspect. Nevertheless his first appearances on-screen were crucial to get nationwide attention. With the help of his impresario Irving Mills, he was the first African American musician to be featured in ‘white’ major Hollywood productions. Ellington was a visionary as a musician and as an entrepreneur. He also used his growing popularity to promote an image of African American culture and dignity that was completely different from the racist clichés that were cultivated in minstrel or blackface. Ellington managed to keep his band together even in the late 1940s when most other big bands had to give up. His sensational comeback concert in Newport 1956 catapulted him into new stardom and with this he became interesting again for Hollywood. In 1959 he was assigned by Otto Preminger to score his courtroom drama Anatomy of a Murder (Preminger, 1959). With this, he was the first African American to write a non-diegetic film score for a major Hollywood feature film. Some films such as Black and Tan Fantasy (Murphy, 1929) or Anatomy are discussed in detail.
Interaktive Simulation Kontinuierlicher Dynamischer Systeme Auf Mini-Prozeßrechnern / Interactive Simulation Of Continuous Dynamic Systems On Process-Computers
Authors: Posch Β. , Swik R. 
Published: March 2015

Die effektive Lösung von Simulationsproblemen auf Digitalrechnern erfordert eine interaktive, d. h. dialogorientierte Arbeitsweise. Mini-Prozeßrechner sind aus verschiedenen Gründen für diese Aufgabenstellung besonders geeignet. allerdings stehen i.a. keine geeigneten Simulationsprogrammsysteme zur Verfügung. Der Beitrag beschreibt, wie mit relativ geringem Aufwand, aufbauend auf einem Fortran-Interpreter, ein sehr leistungsfähiges, in hohem Maße interaktives (Echtzeit-)Simulationsprogrammsystem „INTERSIM'' erstellt wurde.
Ein bereits mehr als zwei Jahre andauernder Einsatz in Forschung und Lehre auf dem Gebiet der Regelungs- und Prozeßtechnik bestätigt die angestrebte Benutzerfreundlichkeit und Flexibilität von INTERSIM als ein universelles Simula tionsprogra m msystem.
Ein Verwaltungs- und Recherchiersystem für Daten beliebiger Struktur/ An information storage and retrieval system for data of arbitrary structure
Authors: Herrmann H. , Löns Κ. 
Published: March 2015

Auf der Basis eines Hash-Verfahrens in Verbindung mil invertierten Listen wurde ein Programmsystem (das sogenannte ,,Spurendokumentations-System", SPUDOK) geschaffen,
das die Speicherung und Verwaltung von Daten beliebiger Struktur, insbesondere auch unformatierter Daten, ermöglicht. Dabei kann jedes Datenelement bzw. Textelement
als Suchbegriff zum Zweck der Daten-Aktualisierung und des Recherchierens im Bestand benutzt werden. SPUDOK wird seit längerem für verschiedene polizeiliche Anwendungsbereiche - insbesondere der kriminalpolizeilichen Ermittlungstätigkeit - in Nordrhein-Westfalen und Bayern eingesetzt und hat sich aufgrund seiner Benutzerfreundlichkeit und Flexibilität hervorragend bewährt.
The Author on Stage: The Redpath Lyceum Bureau and the Promotion of the “Literary” Lecture
Authors: Garnett Virginia 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Identifying the “literary” lecture as a bridge between oratory and print, I argue for the platform’s centrality to the nineteenth-century literary marketplace. American lecture bureaus like the Redpath Lyceum Bureau employed an intricate system of print and oratory to create a market for lectures that both responded to and challenged notions of authorship at the fin de siècle. Authors such as Kate Field, Mark Twain, and James Whitcomb Riley used and were used by the platform to promote works in progress and works in print by offering readings, dramatic interpretations, critical commentaries, and personal reminiscences about writers and writing. By studying the promotional materials of the Redpath Lyceum Bureau, I demonstrate the lecture’s importance in defining literary activity and authorial celebrity during this period. Attending to the lecture and its wide influence, I argue further, allows us to examine orality’s unstable position in a then developing intellectual hierarchy.
Expanded Polystyrene Geofoam Based Cellular Reinforcement
Authors: Padade Amit Harihar , Mandal Jnanendranath 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This paper reports the effectiveness of proposed expanded polystyrene (EPS) geofoam cellular reinforcement with fly ash as filling material overlying a soft clay bed through small-scale laboratory model tests. The test beds were subjected to uniformly distributed load by means of a rigid steel plate. Loads with corresponding settlement were measured during the testing. EPS geofoam cellular reinforcement of densities 15, 20, 22, and 30 kg/m3 were prepared in the form of a mattress with three different heights of 50, 75, and 100 mm. The effects of density of EPS geofoam, height of cellular reinforcement, and the planar jute geotextile layer at the base of cellular reinforcement were tested through a series of tests to systematically study the overall performance of the system in terms of load carrying capacity and settlement behavior. Test results indicated that the provision of EPS geofoam cellular reinforcement in fly ash bed significantly improved load carrying capacity above the clay bed. The load carrying capacity decreased with increasing density of EPS geofoam and increased with increase in height of cellular reinforcement. A layer of jute geotextile placed at the base of cellular reinforcement further enhanced load carrying capacity for less height of cellular reinforcement. However, the effect of planer reinforcement was decreased with the increase in height of cellular reinforcement.
New Algorithm of Similarity Measures for Pattern-Recognition Problems
Authors: Chou Wen-Sheng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSimilarity measures under intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) have received great attention because of their wide range of applications in various areas, especially in solving pattern-recognition problems. Whereas many studies have focused on proposing new similarity measures, these studies did not provide any proof that their proposed similarity measures can solve pattern-recognition problems without a tie. In this study, we propose two similarity measures and prove that these similarity measures are well defined. Furthermore, we construct an algorithm based on our proposed similarity measures and prove that our proposed algorithm can solve pattern-recognition problems under an intuitionistic fuzzy sets environment without an unsolved dilemma.
Ethnic differences in BMI, subcutaneous fat, and serum leptin levels during and after pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes
Authors: Sommer Christine , Jenum Anne K , Waage Christin W , Mørkrid Kjersti , Sletner Line , Birkeland Kåre I 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveTo explore the differences between Europeans and South Asians in BMI, subcutaneous fat, and serum leptin (s-leptin) levels during and after pregnancy and their relationship with gestational diabetes (GDM).DesignMulti-ethnic population-based cohort study, whereof 353 Europeans (93.1% of the included) and 190 South Asians (95.0% of the included).MethodsS-leptin, BMI, and subcutaneous fat (sum of triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac skinfolds) were measured at 14 and 28 weeks of gestation, and 14 weeks after delivery. GDM was diagnosed with the WHO criteria 2013.ResultsSouth Asians had similar thickness of the triceps and suprailiac skinfolds, thicker subscapular skinfold, and higher s-leptin than Europeans in early pregnancy, despite lower BMI. South Asians retained more subcutaneous fat (mean (95% CI) 10.0 (7.4–12.7) mm vs 3.8 (1.9–5.8) mm) and BMI (1.5 (1.2–1.8) kg/m2 vs 0.1 (−0.1 to 0.3) kg/m2) than Europeans 14 weeks after delivery and s-leptin decreased less in South Asians than Europeans (−0.13 (−0.27 to −0.00) μg/l vs −0.47 (−0.57 to −0.37) μg/l, P<0.001 for all). The prevalence of GDM was 23.8% (n=84) in Europeans and 42.6% (n=81) in South Asians. BMI, subcutaneous fat, and s-leptin were all positively associated with GDM, also after adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsThe relatively high amounts of subcutaneous fat and s-leptin in South Asians in early pregnancy contributed to their increased risk of GDM. South Asians retained more weight and subcutaneous fat after delivery, potentially increasing their risk of adiposity and GDM in future pregnancies.
Plasma Lipidomic Fingerprinting to Distinguish among Hepatitis C-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Liver Cirrhosis, and Chronic Hepatitis C using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: a Pilot Study
Authors: Passos-Castilho Ana Maria , Lo Turco Edson , Ferraz Maria Lúcia , Matos Carla , Silva Ivonete , Parise Edison , Pilau Eduardo , Gozzo Fabio , Granato Celso 
Published: March 2015

Background & Aims: Hepatitis C (HC) is a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and a late diagnosis is the main factor for the poor survival of patients. There is an urgent need for identifying sensitive and specific biomarkers for HCC diagnosis. In the present study, plasma lipid patterns of patients with HC-HCC, HC-liver cirrhosis (LC), and chronic HC (CHC) were assessed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS).Methods. Plasma samples of 25 patients with HC-HCC, 15 patients with HC-LC, and 25 patients with CHC were evaluated by MALDI-MS using a Q-ToF premier (Synapt) mass spectrometer (Waters, Manchester, UK) equipped with a 200-Hz solid-state laser in the mass range between m/z (mass-to-charge ratio) of 700-1200.Results. A total of 2205 ions were initially obtained and 7 ions (m/z) were highlighted as corresponding to the most important lipids to differentiate HCC patients from LC and CHC patients. The specific lipidomic expression signature generated resulted in an overall predictive accuracy of 93% of HC-HCC and HC-LC, and 100% of HC-HCC and CHC. The 7-peak algorithm distinguished HCC from LC with a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 87%, and HCC from CHC with both sensitivity and specificity of 100%.Conclusion. MALDI-MS-specific signature peaks accurately distinguished patients with HC-HCC from those with HC-LC and CHC. The results indicate the potential of MALDI-MS and the selected peaks to improve HCC surveillance in patients with viral C cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis C.
The Lauren Classification Highlights the Role of Epithelialto- Mesenchymal Transition in Gastric Carcinogenesis: an Immunohistochemistry Study of the STAT3 and Adhesion Molecules Expression
Authors: Susman Sergiu , Barnoud Raphaelle , Bibeau Frederique , Borini Francesco , Pocard Marc , Tomuleasa Ciprian , Sabourin Jean-Cristophe 
Published: March 2015

Background & Aims: Despite some recent advances, gastric cancer remains an important cause of death at world level. This indicates an absence of therapeutic options, stemming from the limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. Nearly fifty years ago Lauren classified gastric cancers, according to the morphological aspect, as intestinal or diffuse. The phenotype of the cells indicates the presence of different molecular mechanisms, which can be approached in the light of recent data and identified with the help of current techniques. The best described are the germline/somatic mutations or the hypermethylations of the E-cadherin 1 CDH1 gene promotor.Methods. We analyzed 195 gastric tumors,120 intestinal and 75 diffuse type, using immunohistochemistry (tissue microarray TMA method) for pStat3Tyr705, E-cadherin, α-catenin and β-catenin; 985 spots of gastric tumors, distributed on 4 TMA blocks were analyzed. For pStat3Tyr705 we took the nuclear staining into account and for the adhesion molecules, membrane staining.Results. In our study, in the diffuse type gastric cancer, pStat3Tyr705 nuclear expression was statistically significantly increased (p=0.003). Also we observed a decreased expression of the adhesion molecules in the same type of gastric cancer (E-cadherin p<0.0001, α-catenin p<0.0001, β-catenin p<0.0001), suggesting that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may be involved not only in gastric carcinogenesis, but also in resistance to treatment.Conclusion. The Stat3 role has been recently highlighted in carcinogenesis of the diffuse type of gastric cancer. We found that the morphological features of the diffuse type also suggest the involvement of EMT in this type of gastric cancer. Therefore, targeting the key molecules involved in this process may interfere with EMT process in the diffuse type of gastric cancer.