bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anachelin, the Siderophore of the Cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica CCAP 1403/2A
Authors: Beiderbeck Hans , Taraz Kambiz , Budzikiewicz Herbert , Walsby Anthony E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A catecholate siderophore - anachelin - has been isolated from the cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica CCAP 1403/2A. The central part of the siderophore is a tripeptide consisting of ʟ-Thr, ᴅ-Ser and ʟ-Ser. Its C-terminus is linked amidically to a 1,1-dimethyl-3-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxyquinolinium system and its N-terminus to 6-amino-3,5,7-trihydroxyheptanoic acid. The 7-hydroxyl group of the latter is esterified with salicylic acid whose carboxyl group is condensed with the 6-amino group to an oxazoline ring. Anachelin is the first genuine siderophore of a cyanobacterium whose structure has been elucidated.
Sesquiterpene Lactones from Inula montana L.
Authors: González-Romero María A. , Villaescusa-Castillo Lucinda , Díaz-Lanza Ana M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Aerial parts of Inula montana were investigated for its sesquiterpenoid composition. Five sesquiterpene lactones, isoinuviscolide, gaillardin, 1β-hydroxy-3β-acetoxy-eudesm-4(15), 11(13)-dien-12-8β-olide, pulchellin-C and pulchellin-E were identified for the first time in this plant. One of them, 1β-hydroxy-3β-acetoxy-eudesm-4(15),11(13)-dien-12-8β-olide, is a novel natural product. The structures of this compounds were established by 1D and 2DNMR spectroscopy.
Copper Accumulation and Phosphatase Activities of Aspergillus and Rhizopus
Authors: Tsekova Kolishka , Galabova Danka , Todorova Kristina 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Copper accumulation and phosphatase activities of three Aspergillus species resistant to copper were compared to three copper-sensitive Rhizopus species. High level of acid phosphatases and decreased Cu2+-uptake were found with resistant in contrast to sensitive strains. The presence of copper(II) ions in the medium increased the production of acid phosphatases in the resistant A. niger and decreased their activity in the sensitive R. delemar. Copper ions inhibited the activity of A. niger cellular acid phosphatase with a Ki of 8.9x10-4 ᴍ and slightly activated the R. delemar enzyme.
Different Effects of Di- and Triphenyltin Compounds on Lipid Bilayer Dithionite Permeabilization
Authors: Gabrielska Janina , Kral Teresa , Langner Marek , Przestalski Stanislaw 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Phenyltins are chemicals widely used in industry, hence their occurrence in the human environment is frequent and widespread. Such compounds include hydrophobic phenyl rings bonded to positively charged tin. This molecular structure makes them capable of adsorbing onto and penetrating through biological membranes, hence they are potentially hazardous. Two such compounds, diphenyltin and triphenyltin, show different steric constraints when interacting with the lipid bilayer. It has been demonstrated that these compounds are positioned at different locations within model lipid bilayers, causing dissimilarity in their ability to affect membrane properties. In this paper we present a study regarding the ability of these two phenyltins to facilitate the transport of S2O4
-2 ions across the lipid bilayer, evaluated by a fluorescence quenching assay. In concentration range of up-to 60 μm those compounds do not affect lipid bilayer topology, when evaluated by vesicle size distribution. Both phenyltins facilitate the transfer of S2O4
-2 across the model lipid bilayer, but the dependence of dithionite transport on phenyltin concentration is different for both. In principle, above 20 μm triphenyltin is more efficient in transfering ions across the lipid bilayer than diphenyltin.
Propolis from the Mediterranean Region: Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Velikova Milena , Bankova Vassya , Sorkun Kadriye , Houcine Saadi , Tsvetkova Iva , Kujumgiev A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The chemical composition of propolis from Bulgaria, Turkey, Greece and Algeria was investigated by GC-MS. All of them contained mainly flavonoids and esters of caffeic and ferulic acids, which indicated that their main source are buds of poplars of the taxonomic section Aegieros. Some Turkish samples contained a low percent of diterpenic acids, while in Algerian samples significant amounts of a hydroxyditerpenic acid (M=322, its structure not determined by its MS) were found. All samples showed significant antibacterial and weak to moderate antifungal activity.
I3-naringenin-II8-4′-OMe-eriodictyol: a New Potential Analgesie Agent Isolated from Rheedia gardneriana Leaves
Authors: Filho Valdir Cechinel , Silva Karina L. da , Souza Márcia M. de , Oliveira Ana E. , Yunes Rosendo A. , Guimarães Cláudio L. , Verdi Luiz G. , Simionatto Edesio L. , Monache Franco Delle 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper describes the isolation, identification and analgesic activity of a new biflavonoid from Rheedia gardneriana leaves, which correspond to I3-naringenin-II8-4ʼ-OMe-eriodictyol (GB-2a-II-4ʼ-OMe) (1), with a methoxyl group in position 4 of ring-II. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic data and confirmed by an alkaline hydrolysis. Its analgesic effect was evaluated in a writhing test and a formalin test in mice. It was found that this compound exhibits potent and dose-related analgesic action in both experimental models, with ID50 ’s values of 4.5 μmol/kg against the writhing test and 8.2 and 6.8 μmol/kg against the first and second phase of the formalin test, respectively. It was several times more potent than some well-known analgesic drugs used as reference.
Antiherpes Virus Effect of the Red Marine Alga Polysiphonia denudata
Authors: Serkedjieva Julia 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The water extract from the red marine alga Polysiphonia denudata (Dillwyn) Kütz. from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast selectively inhibited the reproduction of herpes virus type 1 and type 2 in cell cultures (EC50 = 8.7 to 47.7 mg/ml) as shown by the reduction of virusinduced cytopathic effect and viral infectivity. The virus-inhibitory effect was dose-related, strain-specific and depended on virus inoculum. The inhibition affected adsorption as well as the intracellular stages of viral replication. The presence of the extract throughout the whole replicative cycle was necessary for the full expression of the antiviral effect. In higher concentrations (MIC90 = 6.5 mg/ml) the extract exhibited strong extracellular virus inactivating activity.
Fatty Acids and Sterols from Cymbopogon martinii var. Motia Roots
Authors: Siddiqi Shahzad A. , Misra Laxminarain 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The hexane and methanol extracts of the roots of Cymbopogon martinii var. motia have been investigated to afford mainly fatty acids and common sterols. A new hydroxy unsaturated fatty acid, namely, 16-hydroxypentacos- 14(z)-enoic acid, has also been isolated.
Influence of Different Light Intensities on the Content of Diosgenin, Lipids, Carotenoids and Fatty Acids in Leaves of Dioscorea zingiberensis
Authors: Li Huming , Radunz Alfons , He Ping , Schmid Georg H. 
Published: February 2015

Cultivation of the climbing plant Dioscorea zingiberensis at a light intensity of 100 μE · m-2 · sec-1 yields three different phenotypes. Most of the plants grow as green phenotype (DzW). Two further forms differ in their leaf shape and leaf color. Whereas one type exhibits a more pointed leaf shape in the upper part of the plant with leaves appearing yellow-green with white stripes or hatchings (DzY), the other type shows a more round leaf shape with an intensive yellow-green color (DzT). These three plant types differ in their diosgenin content not only in their rhizomes but also in the chloroplasts. In the rhizomes the diosgenin content in the green form is 0.4%, in the DzY-form 0.6% and in the DzT-form even 1.3% of the dry weight. Furthermore, even in chloroplasts of the green DzW-form and of the DzY-form the presence of diosgenin was demonstrated. It occurs there as the epimeric form yamogenin. The DzT-form contains no yamogenin in its chloroplasts. Besides this, these plant forms differ in their chlorophyll and carotenoid content and in their fatty acid composition. Carotenoids increase from 1.3% of total lipids in the green phenotype to 3.3% in the DzYand to 4.2% in the DzT-form. This increase refers to _-carotene as well as to lutein and neoxanthin. The chlorophyll content in the green type is 8.1% and lower in the DzY-form with 7%. The highest chlorophyll content is found in the DzT-form with 12%. Fatty acids in the DzY-form and in the DzT-form have a more unsaturated character than in the green phenotype. The content of the monoenoic acid trans-hexadecenoic acid is considerably lower in both phenotypes when compared to the green phenotype. In both phenotypes the quantity of fatty acids with 16 carbon atoms is reduced, whereas fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms occur in higher concentration.
Cultivation of the green phenotype (DzW) at the three light intensities of 10, 100 and 270 μE · m-2 · sec-1 leads to changes of the diosgenin content in rhizomes, to an increase of leaf dry weight, to a reduction of the grana structure in chloroplasts and therewith to a decrease of the chlorophyll content. The total lipid content is highest under the cultivation at 100 μE · m-2 · sec-1 and reduced by 30% at 10 and 270 μE · m-2 · sec-1. Carotenoids, however, are highest in shaded plants (10 μE · m-2 · sec-1) and plants grown under high light conditions of 270 μE · m-2 · sec-1. At 100 μE · m-2 · sec-1 a decrease of saturated fatty acids is observed in comparison to plants grown under shaded conditions.
5-(2′-Oxoheptadecyl)-resorcinol and 5-(2′-Oxononadecyl)-resorcinol, Cytotoxic Metabolites from a Wood-Inhabiting Basidiomycete
Authors: Filip Patrick , Anke Timm , Sterner Olov 
Published: February 2015

5-(2′-oxoheptadecyl)-resorcinol (1) and 5-(2′-oxononadecyl)-resorcinol (2) were isolated from fermentations of an imperfect basidiomycete. The structures of the compounds were determined by spectroscopic techniques. Both compounds exhibit cytotoxic effects against the human colon tumor cell lines COLO-320, DLD-1 and HT-29 and the human promyeloid leukemia cell line HL-60, the human leukemia T cell JURKAT, the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HEP-G2 as well as the J774 mouse macrophage cell line. The compounds induce morphological and physiological differentiation of HL-60 cells into granulocytes, which subsequently die by apoptosis.
Both compounds show no antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Location Is Everything: An Educational Primer for Use with “Genetic Analysis of the Ribosome Biogenesis Factor Ltv1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae”
Authors: Edwalds-Gilbert Gretchen 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The article by Merwin et al. in the November 2014 issue of GENETICS provides insight into ribosome biogenesis, an essential multistep process that involves myriad factors and three cellular compartments. The specific protein of interest in this study is low-temperature viability protein (Ltv1), which functions as a small ribosomal subunit maturation factor. The authors investigated its possible additional function in small-subunit nuclear export. This Primer provides information for students to help them analyze the paper by Merwin et al. (2014), including an overview of the authors’ research question and methods.
Related article in GENETICS: Merwin, J. R., L. B. Bogar, S. B. Poggi, R. M. Fitch, A. W. Johnson, and D. E. Lycan, 2014 Genetic analysis of the ribosome biogenesis factor Ltv1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 198: 1071–1085
Risk of bile duct cancer among printing workers exposed to 1,2‐dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane
Authors: Sobue Tomotaka , Utada Mai , Makiuchi Takeshi , Ohno Yuko , Uehara Shinichiro , Hayashi Tomoshige , Sato Kyoko Kogawa , Endo Ginji 
Published: February 2015

Risk of bile duct cancer among printing workers exposed to 1,2‐dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane: Tomotaka Sobue, et al. Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka UniversityObjectiveWe conducted a retrospective cohort study to examine the risk of bile duct cancer among current and former workers in the offset color proof printing department at a printing company in Osaka, Japan.MethodsStandardized incidence ratios (SIRs) between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 2012, were estimated for the cumulative years of exposure to two chemicals, dichloromethane (DCM) and 1,2‐dichloropropane (1,2‐DCP), using the national incidence level as a reference. In addition, we examined risk patterns by the calendar year in which observation started.ResultsAmong 106 workers with a total of 1,452.4 person‐years of exposure, 17 bile duct cancer cases were observed, resulting in an estimated overall SIR of 1,132.5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 659.7−1,813.2). The SIR was 1,319.9 (95% CI: 658.9−2,361.7) for those who were exposed to both DCM and 1,2‐DCP, and it was 1,002.8 (95% CI: 368.0−2,182.8) for those exposed to 1,2‐DCP only. SIRs tended to increase according to years of exposure to 1,2‐DCP but not DCM when a 5year lag time was assumed. The SIRs were higher for the cohorts in which observation started in 1993−2000, particularly in cohorts in which it started in 1996−1999, compared with those in which it started before or after 1993−2000.ConclusionsWe observed an extraordinarily high risk of bile duct cancer among the offset color proof printing workers. Elevated risk may be related to cumulative exposure to 1,2‐DCP, but there remains some possibility that a portion of the risk is due to other unidentified substances.
A Silicon Nanopore Device for On-Chip Patch Clamp Measurements of Single Ion Channel Activity
Authors: Plucinski L. , Chen Y. , Liu G. L. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTHere we present a novel silicon nanopore planar patch clamp chip for single ion channel screening. We fabricate our devices using a combination of KOH and metal-assisted etching. Electrical characterization shows that the shunt capacitance and access resistance are within the accepted ranges for single channel recordings. In order to test our devices, we cultured and differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells on chip. We reliably obtained a high resistance seal to the cell membrane and report single ion channel activity recordings.
Analysis of the Relationship between Micrognathia and Cleft Palate: A Systematic Review
Authors: Price Katherine E. , Haddad Yasmine , Fakhouri Walid D. 
Published: February 2015

Objective To gather data from relevant experimental and observational studies to determine the relationship between micrognathia and cleft palate. The goal is to raise awareness and motivate clinicians to consider the cause and effect relationship when confronted with patients with cleft palate, even if there is no clearly noticeable mandibular abnormality. Design Several electronic databases were systematically examined to find articles for this review, using search terms including “cleft palate,” “micrognathia,” “tongue,” and “airway obstruction.” PubMed was the source of all the articles chosen to be included. Exclusion criteria included case reports, articles focused on treatment options, and articles only tangentially related to cleft palate and/or micrognathia. Result A total of 930 articles were screened for relevance, and 82 articles were chosen for further analysis. Evidence gathered in this review includes a variety of etiological factors that are causative or associated with both micrognathia and cleft palate. Observational studies relating the two abnormalities are also included. Much of the included literature recognizes a cause-and-effect relationship between micrognathia and cleft palate. Conclusion On the basis of the published data, we suggest that micrognathia does induce cleft palate in humans and animals. With knowledge of this causative relationship, clinicians should consider the importance of gathering cephalometric data on the mandibles and tongues of patients presenting with isolated cleft palate to determine whether they have micrognathia as well. With more data, patterns may emerge that could give insight into the complex etiology of nonsyndromic cleft palate.
Morbilidad oral de la población subsidiada de Manizales atendida en el modelo docencia-servicio en una clínica universitaria
Authors: De la Rosa-Marrugo Eola , Avilés-Franco Paula , Rodríguez-Lezama Didier 
Published: February 2015

Introducción: el objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la morbilidad oral de la población subsidiada de Manizales atendida en el modelo docencia-servicio en una clínica universitaria. Materiales y métodos: este estudio descriptivo consideró una población de estudio de 122 pacientes de todas las edades adscritos al régimen subsidiado. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes sistémicos y alteraciones orales como: alteraciones en la superficie dental, gingivales, periodontales, de la oclusión, pulpares, periapicales, articulares, de la estructura dental, fractura dental, resto radicular, alveolitis, celulitis y fluorosis dental. Resultados: la población que más asistió a consulta pertenece al sexo femenino, con 62,2% (76) de pacientes; la población que más adherencia presentó a la consulta está en el rango de 15 a 44 años de edad, con 64,7% (79) de pacientes; las cinco primeras causas de morbilidad oral en los pacientes fueron caries en dentina, enfermedades de origen pulpar, enfermedad periodontal, trastorno de atm y raíz dental retenida. Solo tres pacientes eran mayores de 60 años, que presentaron alteraciones periodontales como diagnóstico más representativo. La mayor frecuencia de cop fue de 17,7, correspondiente al grupo etario de 60 años o más. Conclusiones: la caries y la enfermedad periodontal siguen siendo los diagnósticos con mayor prevalencia en la consulta odontológica.
SAÚDE E EDUCAÇÃO: VALORIZANDO A VIDA SEM DROGAS
Authors: Oliveira Jascqueson Alves de , Falcão Charles Maciel 
Published: February 2015

Nome (s) do Orientador (a) (s) Instituição ou Empresa Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM Instituição (s) de Fomento Pró-reitoria de Extensão e Interiorização - PROEXTI E-mail de contato Jascqueson@oi.com.br Palavras-chave Drogas. Prevenção. Escola.
PERCEPÇÃO DA PAISAGEM DO PARQUE EUCLIDES DOURADO NO MUNICÍPIO DE GARANHUNS – PE
Authors: Amador Maria Betânia Moreira 
Published: February 2015

O trabalho que se apresenta aborda importante parque urbano em Garanhuns - PE, que se denomina Euclides Dourado sob a ótica da análise da paisagem. O mesmo possui uma dinâmica de uso peculiar que agrega cultura, lazer, esporte entre as principais funções. Trata-se de um espaço que evidencia uma cobertura vegetal que remete à suas origens e apresenta alguns problemas de ordem ambiental. Objetiva-se abordar algumas dessas questões, através da percepção que se tem desse parque, utilizando-se à análise sistêmica. Para isso, recorreu-se ao levantamento temático associado ao uso das técnicas de observação, entrevistas e fotografias embasando, assim, as considerações aqui traçadas. Ressalta-se, que esse trabalho encontra-se inserido na pesquisa, em desenvolvimento, sobre o verde urbano e rural de municípios do Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco conduzido no âmbito de Grupo de Estudos Sistêmicos do SemiÁrido do Nordeste – GESSANE da Universidade de Pernambuco/Campus Garanhuns e cujos resultados estão sendo associados às outras pesquisas realizadas, em paralelo no contexto da iniciação científica, trazendo à tona elementos que dão suporte a uma melhor compreensão do verde no agreste semiárido em pauta.
Study of physico-chemical properties of potential beta-adrenolytics
Authors: Stankovičová M. , Bezáková Ž. , Mokrý P. , Salát P. , Kočík M. , Csöllei J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is the study of physico-chemical properties of the chosen compounds, derivatives of 2-hydroxy-3-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)
ethylamino]propyl-4-[(alkoxycarbonyl)amino]benzoates and 2-hydroxy-3-[2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethylamino]propyl-4-[(alkoxycarbonyl)
amino]benzoates with potential ultra-short beta-adrenolytic activity. The studied compounds are different in the
position of the substituent on the benzene ring in the side chain as well as in the aromatic ring in position 4 with alkyl- (methylto
butyl-) carbamate. The physico-chemical characteristics, for example, lipophilicity, surface activity, adsorbability, acidobasic
properties etc., are very important for the explanation of the relationship between structure and biological activity of the drug.
These parameters serve as the base of quantitative structure-activity study. The goal of this work is to establish the spectral characteristics
of studied compounds in UV-area, pKa values, the parameters of lipophilicity (the values of Rf and RM from thin layer
chromatography, retention time t´R and capacity factor k´ from liquid chromatography and experimental partition coefficients
log P´ values), surface tension, critical micelle concentrations, the adsorbability of compounds expressed by percent of adsorbed
compound on active charcoal β% as well as by Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The obtained values are correlated with the
parameters characterising the size of molecule, for example, the number of carbon atoms on carbamate functional group.
Topological Manifolds
Authors: Pąk Karol 
Published: February 2015

Summary
Let us recall that a topological space M is a topological manifold if M is second-countable Hausdorff and locally Euclidean, i.e. each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to an open ball of E

n
for some n. However, if we would like to consider a topological manifold with a boundary, we have to extend this definition. Therefore, we introduce here the concept of a locally Euclidean space that covers both cases (with and without a boundary), i.e. where each point has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to a closed ball of En
for some n.
Our purpose is to prove, using the Mizar formalism, a number of properties of such locally Euclidean spaces and use them to demonstrate basic properties of a manifold. Let T be a locally Euclidean space. We prove that every interior point of T has a neighborhood homeomorphic to an open ball and that every boundary point of T has a neighborhood homeomorphic to a closed ball, where additionally this point is transformed into a point of the boundary of this ball. When T is n-dimensional, i.e. each point of T has a neighborhood that is homeomorphic to a closed ball of En
, we show that the interior of T is a locally Euclidean space without boundary of dimension n and the boundary of T is a locally Euclidean space without boundary of dimension n − 1. Additionally, we show that every connected component of a compact locally Euclidean space is a locally Euclidean space of some dimension. We prove also that the Cartesian product of locally Euclidean spaces also forms a locally Euclidean space. We determine the interior and boundary of this product and show that its dimension is the sum of the dimensions of its factors. At the end, we present several consequences of these results for topological manifolds. This article is based on [14].