bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causes and Prevalence of Unplanned Readmissions After Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Linda T. , Mills Whitney L. , White Donna L. , Li Alexa , Gutierrez Amanda M. , Berger David H. , Naik Aanand D. 
Published: June 2013

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the current literature was conducted to compare the overall and cause‐specific readmission rates after colorectal surgery of older adults with those of younger individuals. Potential predictors of unplanned readmission were also identified. Estimated pooled readmission rates were calculated and reported as pooled proportions with associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) in 60,131 total readmissions; 11.0% (95% CI = 10.0–12.0) of all admissions after colorectal surgery resulted in unplanned readmission at 30 days. Older adults had a lower rate of readmission than younger individuals. Bowel obstruction was the most common cause of unplanned readmission, accounting for 33.4% of all unplanned readmissions, followed by surgical site infection (15.7%) and intraabdominal abscess (12.6%). Several age‐related predictors of unplanned readmission were identified, such as poor functional capacity, multiple comorbidities, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and discharge to a nonhome destination. The findings of this review will help guide the development of future interventions to reduce preventable readmissions after colorectal surgery in older adults.
The Consequences of Poor Communication During Transitions from Hospital to Skilled Nursing Facility: A Qualitative Study
Authors: King Barbara J. , Gilmore‐Bykovskyi Andrea L. , Roiland Rachel A. , Polnaszek Brock E. , Bowers Barbara J. , Kind Amy J. H. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesTo examine how skilled nursing facility (SNF) nurses transition the care of individuals admitted from hospitals, the barriers they experience, and the outcomes associated with variation in the quality of transitions.DesignQualitative study using grounded dimensional analysis, focus groups, and in‐depth interviews.SettingFive Wisconsin SNFs.ParticipantsTwenty‐seven registered nurses.MeasurementsSemistructured questions guided the focus group and individual interviews.ResultsSNF nurses rely heavily on written hospital discharge communication to transition individuals into the SNF effectively. Nurses cited multiple inadequacies of hospital discharge information, including regular problems with medication orders (including the lack of opioid prescriptions for pain), little psychosocial or functional history, and inaccurate information regarding current health status. These communication inadequacies necessitated repeated telephone clarifications, created care delays (including delays in pain control), increased SNF staff stress, frustrated individuals and family members, contributed directly to negative SNF facility image, and increased risk of rehospitalization. SNF nurses identified a specific list of information and components that they need to facilitate a safe, high‐quality transition.ConclusionNurses note multiple deficiencies in hospital‐to‐SNF transitions, with poor quality discharge communication being identified as the major barrier to safe and effective transitions. This information should be used to refine and support the dissemination of evidence‐based interventions that support transitions of care, including the Interventions to Reduce Acute Care Transfers program.
Phase equilibria constraints on melting of stromatic migmatites from Ronda (S. Spain): insights on the formation of peritectic garnet
Authors: Bartoli O. , Tajčmanová L. , Cesare B. , Acosta‐Vigil A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractStromatic metatexites occurring structurally below the contact with the Ronda peridotite (Ojén nappe, Betic Cordillera, S Spain) are characterized by the mineral assemblage Qtz+Pl+Kfs+Bt+Sil+Grt+Ap+Gr+Ilm. Garnet occurs in low modal amount (2–5 vol.%). Very rare muscovite is present as armoured inclusions, indicating prograde exhaustion. Microstructural evidence of melting in the migmatites includes pseudomorphs after melt films and nanogranite and glassy inclusions hosted in garnet cores. The latter microstructure demonstrates that garnet crystallized in the presence of melt. Re‐melted nanogranites and preserved glassy inclusions show leucogranitic compositions. Phase equilibria modelling of the stromatic migmatite in the MnO–Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2–O2–C (MnNCaKFMASHOC) system with graphite‐saturated fluid shows P–T conditions of equilibration of 4.5–5 kbar, 660–700 °C. These results are consistent with the complete experimental re‐melting of nanogranites at 700 °C and indicate that nanogranites represent the anatectic melt generated immediately after entering supersolidus conditions. The P–T estimate for garnet and melt development does not, however, overlap with the low‐temperature tip of the pure melt field in the phase diagram calculated for the composition of preserved glassy inclusions in garnet in the Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O (NCKFMASH) system. A comparison of measured melt compositions formed immediately beyond the solidus with results of phase equilibria modelling points to the systematic underestimation of FeO, MgO and CaO in the calculated melt. These discrepancies are present also when calculated melts are compared with low‐T natural and experimental melts from the literature. Under such conditions, the available melt model does not perform well. Given the presence of melt inclusions in garnet cores and the P–T estimates for their formation, we argue that small amounts (<5 vol.%) of peritectic garnet may grow at low temperatures (≤700 °C), as a result of continuous melting reactions consuming biotite.
Efficacy and safety of adapalene gel 0.1% and 0.3% and tretinoin gel 0.05% for acne vulgaris: results of a single‐center, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial on Mexican patients (skin type III–IV)
Authors: Tirado‐Sánchez Andrés , Espíndola Yareni Salas , Ponce‐Olivera Rosa María , Bonifaz Alexandro 
Published: June 2013

SummaryBackgroundThe efficacy of topical retinoids is well known according to several clinical studies conducted predominantly among Caucasian patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of adapalene and tretinoin among Mexican patients.AimsTo compare adapalene 0.1 and 0.3% and tretinoin 0.05% in Mexican subjects with acne vulgaris.MethodsWe enrolled 171 patients in this single‐center, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. The patients applied on the face either adapalene 0.1%, adapalene 0.3%, tretinoin 0.05%, or placebo for 90 days and were evaluated for the reduction in total lesion counts and for the level of irritation.ResultsTretinoin 0.05% and adapalene 0.3% were more effective than adapalene 0.1% and placebo in the reduction of both inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions. Most of adverse events to adapalene and many on tretinoin group were related to skin irritation, dry skin, scaling, pruritus, burning, and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.ConclusionAdapalene 0.3% and tretinoin 0.05% are comparable in efficacy, and adapalene 0.1% offers a better safety profile in Mexican patients.
Global 3‐dimensional approach to natural rejuvenation: recommendations for perioral, nose, and ear rejuvenation
Authors: Gassia Véronique , Raspaldo Hervé , Niforos François‐Rene , Michaud Thierry 
Published: June 2013

SummaryBackgroundThere is a move toward a global, 3‐dimensional approach to facial rejuvenation that has been prompted by advances in techniques and available products. However, little published literature exists on the procedures involved in this global approach, and currently, no validated recommendations exist.ObjectivesTo provide a detailed, practical guide to rejuvenation of the perioral area, nose, and ears based on expert consensus recommendations.MethodsThe aim of this approach was to take into account both volumetric and dynamic aspects of treatment, as well as the benefits of treatment combinations, for example, combining botulinum toxins with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers and volumizers. Each set of recommendations was documented, comprising a clinical definition of the aging severity scale, together with recommendations of appropriate products, doses, site, depth, and injection techniques, as well as indication‐specific rules to be respected.ResultsHA fillers are ideal for replenishing volume loss in the lips, while rhytides around the lips can be treated with small doses of botulinum toxin. Botulinum toxin can also be used to raise the tip of the nose, to reshape nostrils, and to narrow nasal flare, with HA fillers also be used to correct small defects. HA fillers can also be used to rejuvenate sagging, atrophic or irregular ear lobes, repair torn earlobes, or erase vertical rhytides.ConclusionsBy providing practical guidance on rejuvenation of the perioral area, nose, and ears, esthetic facial physicians can achieve optimum patient outcomes.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in Northern Queensland
Authors: Edmonds Liza , Boniface Cherie , Alcock Gary , Stalewski Harry , Shi Edward 
Published: June 2013

AimsTo investigate the survival of non‐syndromic live born infants diagnosed in Northern Queensland with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).MethodCase note audit was completed of all live born newborns with a diagnosis of CDH admitted between February 1987 and December 2010. Demographic and clinical data were extracted.ResultsOverall survival to time of discharge for all infants was 67.3% (n = 35/52). For infants born before 2003 survival was 59.5% and for those born in 2003 and onwards was 86.7% (P = 0.10, OR 4.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87–22.55). Infants born prior to 2003, compared to those born from 2003 onwards, were less likely to survive with an isolated defect (P = 0.04, OR 8.0, 95% CI 0.93–68.62). Isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia survival since 2003 was 92.3%. A significant difference was found in the time to surgery with those born in 2003 onwards having surgery significantly later, median 134 h, compared to the earlier cohorts median time to surgery of 83 h (P < 0.005, 95% CI 32.61–167.09). Premature infants had poorer survival (46.7%) compared to term infants (75.7%) (P < 0.0001 OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.99–6.68). Univariate analysis identified low birthweight was associated with poorer survival.ConclusionsSurvival to discharge in our cohort equals other reported rates in Australia and around the world, including centres with tertiary paediatric services. The current management strategies used for these infants have seen a significant improvement in outcomes over time.
Repeated thermo‐sterilisation further affects the reliability of positive end‐expiratory pressure valves
Authors: Hartung Julia Christine , Schmölzer Georg , Schmalisch Gerd , Roehr Charles Christoph 
Published: June 2013

AimPositive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) valves are used together with self‐inflating bags (SIB) to provide a preset PEEP during manual ventilation. It has recently been shown that these valves deliver highly variable levels of PEEP. We hypothesised that material fatigue due to repeated thermo‐sterilisation (TS) may contribute to varying reliability of PEEP valves.MethodsIn a laboratory study 10 new PEEP valves were tested before and after 10, 20 and 30 cycles of routine TS (7 min at 134°C) by using a neonatal lung model (compliance 0.2 mL/kPa). Settings were positive inflation pressure = 20 and 40 cmH2O, PEEP = 5 and 10 cmH2O, respiratory rate = 40 and 60/min, flow = 8l/min. PEEP was recorded using a respiratory function monitor.ResultsBefore TS, a mean (standard deviation) PEEP of 4.0 (0.9) and 7.7 (1.0) cmH2O was delivered by the 10 valves when the PEEP was set to 5 and 10 cmH2O, respectively. One new valve only delivered 2.0 (0.0) and 5.0 (0.0) cmH2O when the PEEP was adjusted to 5 and 10 cmH2O, respectively. Four of the 10 investigated valves showed significant variations in PEEP (coefficient of variation >10%) throughout the autoclaving process. One valve completely lost its function after the 20th TS. Common defects were tears in the softer materials or displacement of the rubber seal. Six of the 10 valves continued to provide PEEP in spite of repeated TS.ConclusionThe reliability of PEEP valves is affected by repeated TS. Multi‐use PEEP valves should be tested for reliable PEEP provision following TS.
Alterations in Root Exudation of Intercropped Tomato Mediated by the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus mosseae and the Soilborne Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici
Authors: Hage‐Ahmed Karin , Moyses Anna , Voglgruber Andreas , Hadacek Franz , Steinkellner Siegrid 
Published: June 2013

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can control soilborne diseases such as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol). Root exudates play an important role in plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere, especially, in the initial phase of these interactions. In this work, we focus on (i) elucidating dynamics in root exudation of Solanum lycopersicum L. in an intercropping system due to AMF and/or Fol; (ii) its effect on Fol development in vitro; and (iii) the testing of the root exudate compounds identified in the chromatographic analyses in terms of effects on fungal growth in in vitro assays. GC‐MS analyses revealed an AMF‐dependent increase in sugars and decrease in organic acids, mainly glucose and malate. In the HPLC analyses, an increase in chlorogenic acid was evident in the combined treatment of AMF and Fol, which is to our knowledge the first report about an increase in chlorogenic acid in root exudates of AM plants challenged with Fol compared with plants inoculated with AMF only, clearly indicating changes in root exudation due to AMF and Fol. Root exudates of AMF tomato plants stimulate the germination rate of Fol, whereas the co‐inoculation of AMF and Fol leads to a reduction in spore germination. In the in vitro assays, citrate and chlorogenic acid could be identified as possible candidates for the reduction in Fol germination rate in the root exudates of the AMF+Fol treatment because they proved inhibition at concentrations naturally occurring in the rhizosphere.
A phylogenetic subclade analysis of range sizes of endemic woody seed plant species of China: Trait conservatism, diversification rates and evolutionary models
Authors: CHEN You‐Hua 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAdaptive radiation predicted that diversification rate of species and/or the divergence of trait evolution are declined from ancient to contemporary time due to reduced novel niches, namely the “early burst” model. It is still controversial whether the early burst model is ubiquitous over various taxa for species diversification and/or phenotypic evolution. The applicability of the model on plants has little been tested yet in current literature. To address this question, in the present study, a subclade‐level phylogenetic comparative analysis of range size evolution and diversification rates of 6885 endemic woody seed plant species in China (i.e., species only found in China) was performed. My study showed that phylogenetic signals of range sizes depend on the phylogenetic scope and the sampling of subclades. Early burst model was not supported for the range size evolution for endemic woody plants of China, while the simple Brownian motion model of adaptive radiation had the best fit. Diversification of species over the subclades of the phylogeny showed that young clades have higher diversification rates than old clades, being contradictory to the “early burst” prediction of adaptive radiation. However, a whole‐phylogeny diversification analysis suggests that the BOTHVAR model where speciation rate is decreasing while extinction rate is increasing is the best one to describe the time‐dependent trend of diversification of endemic woody plants of China. Moreover, the evolution of range sizes of woody plants is found to be largely independent to diversification rates of species, deprecating the positive range sizes‐diversification hypothesis. At last, a strong positive relationship between phylogenetic mean and variance of range sizes was observed. In conclusion, the “early burst” model predicted by adaptive radiation might be applied to the diversification rates, but not the range size evolution of endemic woody plants of China. Further studies are required by sampling more taxa and building a high‐quality phylogeny to test and verify the patterns found in the present study.
The effects of nucleoside analogue prophylactic treatment on HBV activation in HBcAb+ patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: Liu H.‐L. , Zhao Z. , Yang H. , Liu F.‐F. , Liu Q. , Luo Q. , Yuan Q. , Chen L.‐M. , Zeng A.‐Z. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryWe investigated the effects of prophylactic nucleoside analogue treatment on HBV activation in patients with antibodies against core antigen (HBcAb+) patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. Patients (113), who were HBcAb+, with various autoimmune diseases, undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, were divided into two groups. The control group, not treated with antivirals, and the prophylactic group, treated with antiviral drugs. The two groups were evaluated for changes in serum biochemical marker (alanine aminotransferase ALT), virological marker (HBV DNA) and for seroconversion. In the control group, the number of patients with an increase in ALT in patients with isolated HBcAb and HBcAb and antibodies against HBsAg (HBsAb +) were five (20.0%) and one (2.8%), respectively (P < 0.05). There were six cases (24.0%) with an increase in HBV DNA in the isolated HBcAb+ subgroup and one case (2.8%) in HBsAb+/HBcAb+ subgroup (P < 0.05). In the HBcAb+ only population, six patients (24.0%) in the control group had an increase in HBV DNA compared with none in the antiviral prophylactic group (P < 0.05). One patient (4.0%) with HBcAb+ in the control group underwent an HBsAg seroconversion when receiving immunosuppressive therapy for 18 months, while none in the antiviral prophylactic group underwent reversion to HBsAg positivity (P = 0.4949). Under immunosuppressive condition, the risk of HBV activation was much higher in patients with HBcAb than in patients with both HBcAb and antibodies to HBsAb group. Antiviral prophylactic therapy could significantly reduce the risk of HBV reactivation.
Left Atrial Ejection Fraction Assessed by Real‐Time 3‐Dimensional Echocardiography in Normal Dogs and Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: Tidholm A. , Höglund K. , Häggström J. , Bodegård‐Westling A. , Ljungvall I. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundReal‐time 3‐dimensional (RT3D) echocardiography provides a novel technique for assessing left atrial ejection fraction (LAEF) in dogs.HypothesisLeft atrial ejection fraction is associated with severity of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD).AnimalsPrivately owned dogs; 101 with MMVD and 52 healthy control dogs.MethodsProspective observational study using RT3D echocardiographic estimations of LA volumes at atrial end‐diastole and atrial end‐systole to calculate LAEF in comparison with conventional 2‐dimensional echocardiographic variables.ResultsLeft atrial ejection fraction decreased with increasing LA to aortic ratio (LA/Ao), percentage increase in left ventricular (LV) internal dimension, corrected for body weight (BW), in diastole (LVIDd inc%) and systole (LVIDs inc%), and age for MMVD dogs, and with BW for control dogs. The final models in the multiple regression analyses included LVIDd inc% and age for MMVD dogs, and BW alone for control dogs. LAEF varied widely in both MMVD dogs and control dogs.Conclusion and clinical importanceThe wide variation of LAEF and the fact that LAEF does not appear to be an independent marker of disease severity suggest that the clinical importance of determining LAEF in dogs with MMVD might be limited.
Left Ventricular Twist and Circumferential Strain in Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: Zois N.E. , Olsen N.T. , Moesgaard S.G. , Rasmussen C.E. , Falk T. , Häggström J. , Pedersen H.D. , Møller J.E. , Olsen L.H. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundDuring the cardiac cycle, the ventricle undergoes a twisting motion because of the oblique orientation of the left ventricular (LV) myofibers. This can be quantified by speckle‐tracking echocardiography (STE). In mitral regurgitation (MR) in humans, the short axis deformation has been suggested as being pivotal toLVfunction. Decreased and delayedLVtwist has been described in experimentalMR, but has not been studied in myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD).Hypotheses(1) Magnitude (CSt) and rate (CSRs) of systolic circumferential deformation decrease before the onset of congestive heart failure (CHF); (2) magnitude and rate ofLVtwist decrease, and onset of untwist is delayed, with increasingMMVDseverity.AnimalsA total of 97 privately owned small‐ to medium‐sized dogs.MethodsSeverity ofMMVDwas assessed by echocardiography and presence of clinical signs ofCHF. Magnitude and rate ofLVtwist and circumferential deformation were evaluated bySTE.ResultsDogs withCHFreceiving treatment had increasedCSt,CSRs, early diastolic untwisting rate, and delayed onset of untwist compared to dogs with minimalMMVDand increased systolic twist compared to dogs with mildMMVD(allP < .01).CSt and time to onset of untwist increased with echocardiographic variables ofMRseverity (allP < .002).CSRs and severalLVtwist variables decreased with increasing systolicLVinternal diameter (allP < .01).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceNoSTE‐derived variable was decreased before onset ofCHF. In dogs withCHFreceiving treatment, the delayed onset of relaxation might indicateLVdysfunction and the hyperdynamicCSt andLVtwist reflect compensatory mechanisms.
Linking traits between plants and invertebrate herbivores to track functional effects of land‐use changes
Authors: Moretti Marco , de Bello Francesco , Ibanez Sébastien , Fontana Simone , Pezzatti Gianni B. , Dziock Frank , Rixen Christian , Lavorel Sandra 
Published: June 2013

AbstractQuestionsEcosystem functions and underlying services are strongly influenced by multitrophic relationships, with functional traits playing a central role in structuring them. Which traits and functional metrics mediate the impact of different types of land use on ecosystem function within and across trophic levels?MethodsWe studied the functional relationships between plants and grasshoppers in sub‐alpine grasslands under different management regimes in the Central French Alps. We applied the theoretical multitrophic response–effect framework described by (Journal of Vegetation Science, 24, this issue) to identify key traits linking plants and grasshoppers to biomass production. The linkages between selected plant and grasshopper traits were analysed using community‐weighted mean traits (CWM) and functional diversity (FD; Rao's quadratic diversity).ResultsUni‐ and multivariate models provided evidence about the relative importance of trait linkages within and across trophic levels. We showed that management affected both plant and grasshopper traits and that the interaction between them was linked to biomass production. While a number of CWM traits and FD were involved in the interaction, CWM of leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and grasshopper dry body mass (GMass) chiefly mediated the impact of management change on biomass production.ConclusionsOur study suggests that both trait values of the most abundant species and functional trait variation within and across trophic levels in combination may best explain the impact of land‐use changes on ecosystem function. To improve our mechanistic understanding across trophic levels, a better knowledge of response and effect traits remains a major goal, especially for animal ecologists, while a strong collaboration among disciplines is needed to bridge the existing gaps.