bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient global amnesia after the right temporal epilepsy surgery: A case report
Authors: Schütz Elisa , Altenmüller Dirk‐Matthias , Wagner Kathrin , Heers Marcel , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas , Metternich Birgitta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransient global amnesia (TGA) is characterized by sudden and temporary memory impairment, while transient epileptic amnesia (TEA) represents amnestic attacks as the main manifestation of focal epilepsy with presumed temporal origin. We present a 48‐year‐old patient who experienced transient amnesia 10 weeks after right selective amygdalo‐hippocampectomy for right temporal lobe epilepsy. Despite TEA being a plausible explanation for amnesia in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, no epileptiform discharges were found during the amnestic episode and key features indicative of TGA, including long duration, isolated occurrence, and dense anterograde amnesia of the episode, argued against a diagnosis of TEA in this case. Notably, the patient has remained seizure‐free (now 4,5 years) and stopped taking antiseizure medication 32 months after surgery. Although TGA clinical criteria formally exclude patients with recent active epilepsy, neurologists should be aware that TGA can occur after epilepsy surgery in the temporal lobe. Therefore, we consider it of high clinical relevance to establish a careful differential diagnosis between TGA and epileptic amnestic attacks after epilepsy surgery to avoid unnecessary reintroduction or continuation of antiseizure medication. Additionally, this case presents the first comparison of detailed neuropsychological test results before and after a presumed TGA episode, revealing a complete recovery of anterograde memory functions within 1 day.Plain Language SummaryA 48‐year‐old patient experienced an episode of transient amnesia 10 weeks after epilepsy surgery. Given the patient's history, an epileptic origin of the episode initially seemed likely. However, tests revealed no seizure activity during the episode and the characteristics matched a condition called transient global amnesia. This case highlights the importance of correctly diagnosing memory impairments after epilepsy surgery to prevent unnecessary treatment.
A deformation mismatch strategy enables over 120% stretchability of encapsulated serpentine silicon strips for stretchable electronics
Authors: Shi Yihao , Zhang Bingchang , Zhao Jianzhong , Qin Jiahao , Bai Ke , Yu Jia , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt is significant to develop stretchable electronics based on silicon materials for practical applications. Although various stretchable silicon structures have been reported, electronic systems based on them exhibit limited stretchability due to the constraints between them and polymer substrates. Here, an innovative strategy of deformation mismatch is proposed to break the constraints between silicon structures and polymers and effectively reduce the strain concentration in silicon structures. As a result, encapsulated serpentine silicon strips (S‐Si strips) achieve unprecedented stretchability, exceeding 120%. The encapsulated S‐Si strip also exhibits remarkable mechanical stability and durability, enduring 100 000 cycles of 100% stretch without fracture. The effect of key parameters, including the central angle, thickness, and width of the S‐Si strip, on the deformation mismatch is revealed through combing experiments and theoretical analysis, which will guide the rational implementation of the deformation mismatch strategy. Electrical testing showcases the strain‐insensitive nature and good electrical stability of encapsulated S‐Si strips, benefiting practical applications. This work provides a new paradigm of silicon materials with excellent stretchability and will facilitate the development of stretchable electronics.
The role of alpha oscillations in free‐ and goal‐directed semantic associations
Authors: Zioga Ioanna , Kenett Yoed N. , Giannopoulos Anastasios , Luft Caroline Di Bernardi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlpha oscillations are known to play a central role in several higher‐order cognitive functions, especially selective attention, working memory, semantic memory, and creative thinking. Nonetheless, we still know very little about the role of alpha in the generation of more remote semantic associations, which is key to creative and semantic cognition. Furthermore, it remains unclear how these oscillations are shaped by the intention to “be creative,” which is the case in most creativity tasks. We aimed to address these gaps in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we compared alpha oscillatory activity (using a method which distinguishes genuine oscillatory activity from transient events) during the generation of free associations which were more vs. less distant from a given concept. In Experiment 2, we replicated these findings and also compared alpha oscillatory activity when people were generating free associations versus associations with the instruction to be creative (i.e. goal‐directed). We found that alpha was consistently higher during the generation of more distant semantic associations, in both experiments. This effect was widespread, involving areas in both left and right hemispheres. Importantly, the instruction to be creative seems to increase alpha phase synchronisation from left to right temporal brain areas, suggesting that intention to be creative changed the flux of information in the brain, likely reflecting an increase in top‐down control of semantic search processes. We conclude that goal‐directed generation of remote associations relies on top‐down mechanisms compared to when associations are freely generated.
How do physicians respond to new medical research?
Authors: DeCicca Philip , Isabelle Maripier , Malak Natalie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhat happens when the findings of a prominent medical study are overturned? Using a medical trial on breech births, we estimate the effect of the reversal of such a medical study on physician choices and infant health outcomes. Using the United States Birth Certificate Records from 1995 to 2010, we employ a difference‐in‐differences estimator for C‐sections, low Apgar, and low birth weight measures. We find that the reversal of a multi‐site, high profile, randomized control trial on the appropriate delivery of term breech births, the Term Breech Trial, led to a 15%–23% decline in C‐sections for such births at a time when the overall trend in C‐sections was rising. We find our largest estimated effects amongst traditionally disadvantaged groups (i.e., non‐white, and minimal education). However, we do not find that such a change in practice had significant impacts on infant health. Contrary to prior studies, we find that physicians updated their beliefs quickly, and do indeed adjust to new medical research, particularly young physicians, prior to mandatory policy or professional guidelines.
Effectiveness of meditation on wellness management among corporate employees in India: An interventional study
Authors: Radheshyam Avani , Ramani Vinod K. , Thupalle Subramanyam , Bangalore Darukaradhya Tejaswini , Naik Radheshyam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsUrban corporate sector relies heavily on workplace well‐being, with meditation being a potent stress reduction method that significantly enhances the quality of life (QoL) and wellness. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of meditation on wellness management among corporate employees in India.MethodsThe quasi‐experimental controlled study design was employed from May to June 2021, which assessed stress, QoL, and wellness indices (satisfaction with life, well‐being) with meditation practice as the intervention. The online questionnaire incorporates questions from the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale, World Health Organization (WHO) QoL Scale, Five‐item Satisfaction with Life scale and WHO‐5 Well‐being Index. A nonrandom sampling technique selected 146 and 74 subjects in the intervention and control groups, respectively, among the employees of Star health‐ and allied insurance company. The data was analyzed using SPSS V27 (©IBM SPSS Statistics). The Wilcoxon signed rank test for the dependent groups, and Mann–Whitney U test for the independent groups (between subjects) was performed.ResultsAmong a total of 220 subjects who enrolled in the recruitment survey, 146 subjects underwent the intervention thus providing a response rate of 66.4%. For the intervention group, the difference (within group) in mean scores between baseline and endline assessment shows a reduction in stress (0.02) and significant improvement in QoL (0.21) and wellness indices (satisfaction with life: 0.21, well‐being: 0.24). The difference (between the experimental and control groups) in mean endline scores shows a decrease in stress (0.07), an increase in wellness indices (satisfaction with life: 0.12, well‐being: 0.23), and a significant change in the QoL (0.17).ConclusionMeditation intervention in corporate wellness programs enhances the QoL, wellness, and stress management, establishing the effectiveness of health profile‐raising ingenuities at the workplace.
Height, body mass index, physical activity, and risk of colorectal cancer in relation to expression of insulin receptor: The Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study
Authors: Nishihara Kenshiro , Nakano Shiori , Yamaji Taiki , Goto Atsushi , Hidaka Akihisa , Shimazu Taichi , Kuchiba Aya , Saito Masahiro , Kunishima Fumihito , Nakaza Ryouji , Kato Ikuma , Sawada Norie , Inoue Manami , Tsugane Shoichiro , Iwasaki Motoki ,   for the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study Group
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo ascertain the involvement of insulin receptors (IRs) in colorectal carcinogenesis, we investigated the association of height, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity with colorectal cancer (CRC) and two subtypes of CRC according to the expression level of IR. We utilized data from a large‐scale, population‐based prospective cohort study of 18,158 middle‐aged and elderly subjects in Akita and Okinawa, Japan. In the statistical analysis, we used the Cox proportional hazards model and estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of CRC and its subtypes as defined by immunohistochemistry of IRβ, a transmembrane subunit of IR. In the IRβ‐defined subtypes, height showed no apparent association with the risk of IRβ‐positive CRC. In contrast, a multivariable HR of IRβ‐positive CRC was 1.77 (95% CI = 1.04–3.03) with a BMI of ≥30.0 kg/m2 (i.e., obesity), compared to a BMI of <25.0 kg/m2. Further, an increase in physical activity was significantly associated with decreased risk of IRβ‐positive CRC (multivariable HR per 5 METs‐hour/day = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88–0.99). Meanwhile, we found no significant association between any exposure and IRβ‐negative CRC. Likewise, heterogeneity between the two subtypes of CRC was not statistically significant. These findings imply that obesity and physical activity exert promoting and suppressing effects on the development of CRC expressing IRs, respectively.
Urethral caruncle causes acute urinary retention
Authors: Katsu Akifumi , Yanagi Masato , Motoda Norio , Kono Hiroyoshi , Kimata Ryoji , Hamasaki Tsutomu , Kondo Yukihiro 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionWe encountered a case of urinary retention caused by a urethral caruncle.Case presentationAn 86‐year‐old woman presented to our hospital with urinary retention. When the urinary bladder catheter was placed, a smooth, well‐defined mass 20 mm in diameter was detected on the posterior wall of the external urethral meatus. The patient was diagnosed with urinary retention due to a urethral caruncle, and the mass was resected. The mass was pathologically compatible with a urethral caruncle. The patient could urinate postoperatively. Ultrasound test after surgery showed residual urine volume was 100 mL.ConclusionInspecting the urethral meatus is vital in the clinical examination of older women with voiding symptoms. A urethral caruncle is a rare cause of urinary retention. However, large urethral caruncles are at risk of causing urinary retention suggesting that resecting the urethral caruncles at an appropriate time is desirable.
Pore‐forming aegerolysin and MACPF proteins in extremotolerant or extremophilic fungi
Authors: Kraševec Nada 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAegerolysin proteins are involved in various interactions by recognising a molecular receptor in the target organism. The formation of pores in combination with larger, non‐aegerolysin‐like protein partners (such as membrane attack complex/perforin proteins [MACPFs]) is one of the possible responses in the presumed competitive exclusion of other organisms from the ecological niche. Bicomponent pairs are already observed at the gene level. Fungi growing under extreme conditions can be divided into ubiquitous and extremotolerant generalists which can compete with mesophilic species and rare, isolated extremophilic and extremotolerant specialists with narrow ecological amplitude that cannot compete. Under extreme conditions, there are fewer competitors, so fungal specialists generally produce less diverse and complicated profiles of specialised molecules. Since extremotolerant and extremophilic fungi have evolved in numerous branches of the fungal tree of life and aegerolysins are unevenly distributed across fungal genomes, we investigated whether aegerolysins, together with their partner proteins, contribute to the extreme survival ecology of generalists and specialists. We compiled a list of 109 thermo‐, psihro‐, acido‐, alkali‐, halo‐, metallo‐ and polyextremo‐tolerant/‐philic fungal species. Several challenges were identified that affected the outcome: renaming fungal species, defining extremotolerant/extremophilic traits, identifying extremotolerant/extremophilic traits as metadata in databases and linking fungal isolates to fungal genomes. The yield of genomes coding aegerolysins or MACPFs appears to be lower in extremotolerant/extremophilic fungi compared to all fungal genomes. No candidates for pore‐forming gene pairs were identified in the genomes of extremophilic fungi. Aegerolysin and MACPFs partner pairs were identified in only two of 69 species with sequenced genomes, namely in the ubiquitous metallotolerant generalists Aspergillus niger and A. foetidus. These results support the hypothesised role of these pore‐forming proteins in competitive exclusion.
A systematic first‐principles investigation of the structural, electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of Half‐Heusler ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn) for spintronics and optoelectronics applications
Authors: Tarekuzzaman Md. , Ishraq Mohammad Hasin , Rahman Md. Atikur , Irfan Ahmad , Rahman Md. Zillur , Akter Mist. Shamima , Abedin Sumaya , Rayhan M. A. , Rasheduzzaman Md. , Hossen M. Moazzam , Hasan Md. Zahid 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper is the first to look at the structural, electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of the ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn) half‐Heusler (HH) using DFT based first principles method. The lattice parameters that we have calculated are very similar to those obtained in prior investigations with theoretical and experimental data. The positive phonon dispersion curve confirm the dynamical stability of ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn). The electronic band structure and DOS confirmed that the studied materials ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn) are direct band gap semiconductors. The investigation also determined significant constants, including dielectric function, absorption, conductivity, reflectivity, refractive index, and loss function. These optical observations unveiled our compounds potential utilization in various electronic and optoelectronic device applications. The elastic constants were used to fulfill the Born criteria, confirming the mechanical stability and ductility of the solids ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn). The calculated elastic modulus revealed that our studied compounds are elastically anisotropic. Moreover, ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn) has a very low minimum thermal conductivity (Kmin), and a low Debye temperature (θD), which indicating their appropriateness for utilization in thermal barrier coating (TBC) applications. The Helmholtz free energy (F), internal energy (E), entropy (S), and specific heat capacity (Cv) are determined by calculations derived from the phonon density of states.
Peri‐ankle muscles architecture and performance changes in patients with chronic ankle instability: A retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yu Heeju , Yeo Seungmi , Lim Ji Young , Kim Inah , Hwang Jihye , Lee Wan‐hee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to identify changes in the architecture and performance of the peri‐ankle muscles in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and investigate the relationship between them. In total, 17 subjects were evaluated retrospectively. Each subject underwent anthropometric and isokinetic test, and peroneus longus (PL) and brevis (PB), medial gastrocnemius (MGCM), and tibialis anterior (TA) ultrasound imaging were performed at rest and maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) conditions. Regarding muscle architectural variables, the pennation angle (PA) of the MGCM at rest and the PA of the TA, MGCM, and PL in MVC were significantly reduced on the injured side compared to the intact side. There were no significant differences in muscle thickness of PL, PB, MGCM, and TA observed between intact and injured side during both rest and MVC. Regarding muscle performance parameters, significant decreased were observed in the muscle strength for both limbs in all four directions under the two different conditions. A secondary finding was that the relative PA ratio of the TA showed moderate correlation with the relative dorsiflexion ratio at 30°/s. These findings can provide opportunities to better understand how injuries in patients with CAI may be related to changes in ankle and foot function.
Quality changes in high hydrostatic pressure treated enriched tomato sauce
Authors: Erdem Furkan , Tas Ozan , Erol Nursen , Oztop Mecit , Alpas Hami 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDUse of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) with reduced processing times is gaining traction in the food industry as an alternative to conventional thermal treatment. In order to enhance functional benefits while minimizing processing losses, functionalized products are being developed with such novel techniques. In this study, changes in quality parameters for HHP treated enriched tomato sauce were evaluated, with the aim to assess its viability as an alternative to conventional thermal treatment methods.RESULTSHHP treatments at 500 MPa, 30 °C/50 °C significantly increased the total phenolic and lycopene content of the sauce samples, achieving 6.7% and 7.5% improvements over conventionally treated samples. The antioxidant capacity of the HHP‐treated samples was also found to match or be better than conventionally treated samples. Furthermore, a T2 relaxation time study revealed that pressure–temperature processing treatments were effective in maintaining the structural integrity of water molecules. Microbiological analyses revealed that 500 MPa/50 °C 5 min treatment can offer 8 logs reduction colony formation, matching the results of conventional thermal treatment.CONCLUSIONCombined pressure–temperature treatments improve results, reduce time consumption. 500 MPa/50 °C treatments provided retention of quality parameters and significant reduction in microbial activity. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Viral hepatitis moderates the impact of TGFB1 on neurocognitive impairment
Authors: Tsao Wei‐Chia , Yu Rwei‐Ling , Li Chi‐Ting , Tsai Wei‐Fang , Chuang Wan‐Long , Huang Jee‐Fu , Dai Chia‐Yen , Tan Chun‐Hsiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecent studies have identified a correlation between chronic viral hepatitis and cognitive impairment, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the influence of TGFB1 genetic polymorphisms on cognitive function in individuals with and without hepatitis infections, hypothesizing that these polymorphisms and the viral hepatitis‐induced inflammatory environment interact to affect cognitive abilities. Participants (173 with viral hepatitis and 258 healthy controls) were recruited. Genotyping of TGFB1 SNPs was performed using the C2‐58 Axiom Genome‐Wide TWB 2.0 Array Plate. Cognitive function was assessed using the MMSE and MoCA tests. Our results showed that healthy individuals carrying the C allele of rs2241715 displayed better performance in sentence writing (p = 0.020) and language tasks (p = 0.022). Notably, viral hepatitis was found to moderate the impact of the rs2241715 genotype on language function (p = 0.002). Similarly, those carrying the T allele of rs10417924 demonstrated superior orientation to time (p = 0.002), with viral hepatitis modifying the influence of the SNP on this particular cognitive function (p = 0.010). Our findings underscore the significant role of TGFβ1 in cognitive function and the moderating impact of viral hepatitis on TGFB1 SNP effects. These findings illuminate the potential of TGFB1 as a therapeutic target for cognitive impairment induced by viral hepatitis, thus broadening our understanding of TGFβ1 functionality in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration.
Winter convective mixing regulates oceanic C : N : P ratios
Authors: Sahoo Deepika , Saxena Himanshu , Nazirahmed Sipai , Khan Mohammad Atif , Rai Deepak Kumar , Sharma Niharika , John Sebin , Kumar Sanjeev , Sudheer A. K. , Bhushan Ravi , Singh Arvind 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecent studies have challenged the validity of the Redfield ratio. It is proposed that physical and biogeochemical processes govern the geographical variations in carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus (C : N : P) ratios. However, this proposal remains to be examined through concurrent observations of C : N : P ratios with physical and biogeochemical processes in various marine reservoirs. Here, we sampled the Arabian Sea for its C, N, and P content in organic and inorganic pools during the winter monsoon. We analyzed the role of convective mixing, eddies, and N2 fixation to explain the variation in observed elemental ratios. Convective mixing injected the cold water and enhanced the supply of N and P nutrients in the top layer (surface to 50–75 m) of the northern Arabian Sea. This led to a decrease in the N : P and C : P ratios in the particulate organic matter in the northern region, but C : N : P increased equatorward, averaging 245 : 32 : 1 in the top layer of the Arabian Sea. The variation in the elemental ratios in the top layer is best explained by the changes in water temperature. N2 fixation contributed negligibly to the N : P ratio of the export flux. The substantial decrease in N : P ratios of nutrients in the subsurface waters is most likely caused by the denitrifying conditions in the Arabian Sea. As the processes of convective mixing and eddies are are prevalent oceanic processes, our observations underpin that the interplay of these processes leads to changes in the elemental ratios globally.