bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in responses to an altruistic message regarding rubella vaccination
Authors: Okuno Hideo , Satoh Hiroshi , Arai Satoru , Suzuki Motoi , Kikkawa Toshiko 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe supplementary immunization activity (SIA) for the rubella vaccination of adult men born between 1962 and 1978 began in 2019 in Japan because of a vaccine gap in the cohort, as vaccination was not mandatory for those born in that period. However, SIA coverage remains low, despite an active campaign and financial support.MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled study based on a 2 (scenario: self-vaccination, child vaccination) × 2 (message: self-interest, group-interest) factorial design, using a Japanese online panel. Participants with children were assigned to the child vaccination scenario in Intervention 1, whereas others were assigned to the self-vaccination scenario. After Intervention 1, all participants were given the same information about rubella. In Intervention 2, participants assigned to self-interest messages received a message emphasizing the risk of rubella, and those assigned to group-interest messages received a message emphasizing herd immunity. After Intervention 2, we evaluated the effects using a questionnaire.ResultsAmong the 2,206 participants, information regarding rubella was evaluated as more reliable in the group—than in the self-interest message condition, especially among women. Women evaluated the necessity of rubella vaccination for adult men and women to be higher in the child-vaccination scenario and group-interest messages. However, no differences were found among men. By contrast, men exposed to the self-interest message positively evaluated the reliability of the rubella explanation.ConclusionThe findings indicate that emphasizing self-interest messages is more effective for men in promoting herd immunity against rubella.
Whole-genome sequencing-based genetic diversity, transmission dynamics, and drug-resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in western Ethiopia
Authors: Chekesa Basha , Singh Harinder , Gonzalez-Juarbe Norberto , Vashee Sanjay , Wiscovitch-Russo Rosana , Dupont Christopher L. , Girma Musse , Kerro Oudessa , Gumi Balako , Ameni Gobena 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundExtrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) refers to a form of Tuberculosis (TB) where the infection occurs outside the lungs. Despite EPTB being a devastating disease of public health concern, it is frequently overlooked as a public health problem. This study aimed to investigate genetic diversity, identify drug-resistance mutations, and trace ongoing transmission chains.MethodsA cross-sectional study was undertaken on individuals with EPTB in western Ethiopia. In this study, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was employed to analyze Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) samples obtained from EPTB patients. Out of the 96 genomes initially sequenced, 89 met the required quality standards for genetic diversity, and drug-resistant mutations analysis. The data were processed using robust bioinformatics tools.ResultsOur analysis reveals that the majority (87.64%) of the isolates can be attributed to Lineage-4 (L4), with L4.6.3 and L4.2.2.2 emerging as the predominant sub-lineages, constituting 34.62% and 26.92%, respectively. The overall clustering rate and recent transmission index (RTI) were 30 and 17.24%, respectively. Notably, 7.87% of the isolates demonstrated resistance to at least one anti-TB drug, although multi-drug resistance (MDR) was observed in only 1.12% of the isolates.ConclusionsThe genetic diversity of MTBC strains in western Ethiopia was found to have low inter-lineage diversity, with L4 predominating and exhibiting high intra-lineage diversity. The notably high clustering rate in the region implies a pressing need for enhanced TB infection control measures to effectively disrupt the transmission chain. It’s noteworthy that 68.75% of resistance-conferring mutations went undetected by both GeneXpert MTB/RIF and the line probe assay (LPA) in western Ethiopia. The identification of resistance mutations undetected by both GeneXpert and LPA, along with the detection of mixed infections through WGS, emphasizes the value of adopting WGS as a high-resolution approach for TB diagnosis and molecular epidemiological surveillance.
Diversity of the diet is correlated with osteoporosis in post-menopausal women: an Iranian case-control study
Authors: Abbasi Behnood , Hajinasab Mohammad Mahdi , Mohammadi Zadeh Zahra , Ahmadi Paniz 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundProper nutrition is a crucial factor in preventing osteoporosis, a significant pathological cause linked to skeletal weakness; this study investigated the relationship between dietary diversity score and food group diversity score with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.MethodsThis case-control study was conducted on 378 menopausal women aged 45–85 in Tehran, Iran. The age-matching method to control the confounding effect of age was used. The method of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used for assessing the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck. The bone mass status was evaluated with WHO criteria. All subjects were divided into the osteoporosis group and the non-osteoporosis group according to their T-score. A convenience sampling method was utilized to select the participants, which included two groups: case (n = 189) and control (n = 189). Data was collected using demographic and anthropometric information questionnaires, a valid 147 item food frequency questionnaire, and a physical activity questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS-26, and p-values less than 0.05 were deemed to be statistically significant.ResultsThe results indicated significant differences in weight, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use between the two groups. The mean ± standard deviation of dietary diversity score (DDS) was lower in participants with osteoporosis (case) (3.31 ± 1.26) than in control (4.64 ± 1.33) (p &lt; 0.001). The mean ± standard deviation of diversity score of cereals, fruits, and vegetables in the osteoporosis group (respectively: 0.71 ± 0.21, 0.94 ± 0.76, and 0.45 ± 0.44) was less than the control group (respectively: 0.80 ± 0.21, 1.64 ± 0.55 and 0.87 ± 0.42) (p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting the confounding variables, the risk of osteoporosis had an inverse relationship with the diversity score of vegetable (OR = 0.16; 95%CI: 0.07–0.35), bread and cereal (OR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.05–0.87) and fruit (OR = 0.35; 95%CI: 0.22–0.56) (p &lt; 0.05). Nevertheless, no discernible correlation was seen between the tertiles of DDS, dairy and meat diversity score, and osteoporosis.ConclusionWe found a correlation between the diversity score of fruits, vegetables, and grains and osteoporosis. However, there is no significant correlation between the DDS triads and the diversity score of dairy products and meats with osteoporosis.
Physiological Responses of Hollyhock (Alcea rosea L.) to Drought Stress
Authors: Sadeghi Arezoo , Karimmojeni Hassan , Razmjoo Jamshid , Baldwin Timothy C. 
Published: August 2024

Hollyhock (Alcea rosea L.) is an aromatic, ornamental/medicinal plant species for which the selection of drought-tolerant varieties based on physio-chemical traits is desirable. The data presented resulted from a field experiment. This experiment was designed as a split-plot, based on a randomized complete block design, in which the main plots consisted of the three irrigation regimes (30, 60 and 80% permissible discharge moisture available in the soil), and the subplots consisted of nine hollyhock varieties. Photosynthetic pigments, Fv/Fm, proline content and selected antioxidant enzymes were measured throughout the period of induced drought stress. The data obtained illustrate the nature of the physiological response of hollyhock to drought stress. Based on the measured traits the varieties Isfahan 1, Shiraz 1 and Tabriz were shown to display the highest degree of resistance to drought stress. These data suggest that the effect of drought stress is dependent upon the drought level, variety and the trait in question. In this regard, future plant breeders for this species may find it useful to utilize ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and guayacol peroxidase (POX) activities as biochemical markers to select for drought-tolerant genotypes. As such, hollyhock can be considered a promising ornamental/medicinal species for cultivation in semi-arid environments.
OVERCOMING EDUCATIONAL LOSSES OF JUNIOR CLASS SCHOOLCHILDREN THROUGH PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Authors: SHESTEROVA L. , PYATNYTSKA D. , SYNYTSYA S. , SYNYTSYA T. 
Published: August 2024

The war in Ukraine has led to difficulties, including in the field of education. This is due, first of all, to educational losses, the level of which has not yet been established. One of the ways to overcome the educational losses of primary school students is the use of physical exercises as a means of influencing the visual analyzer. The authors consider it appropriate to use sensory-oriented tasks, exercises and outdoor games in physical education lessons and in small forms of physical exercise. The article provides a classification of exercises and outdoor games, which, according to functional characteristics, are divided into means of restorative and training effects. The purpose of the study is to identify sensory- oriented tasks, exercises and games that can positively affect the functional state of the visual analyzer of primary schoolchildren and, as a result, overcome educational losses. The work provides examples of specially targeted exercises and games that directly affect the functional state of the visual analyzer. These exercises and outdoor games can be used in any part of the lesson as an addition to the main ones or to fill rest breaks. The proposed exercises and outdoor games are easily dosed depending on the age and fatigue of the students. The simplicity and small load when performing them provide an optimal effect on the body. Physical education teachers are recommended to constantly include such means of physical education in the content of lessons in order to increase the acuity and field of vision of primary school students. Primary school teachers are pointed out the need to conduct special restorative visual games in lessons with heavy loads on the visual analyzer (reading, writing, mathematics). This will help improve the perception of educational material and, as a result, overcome educational losses. All of the above, in our opinion, will have a positive impact on the functional state of the visual sensory system and, as a result, help overcome educational losses not only in physical education, but also in other disciplines studied in primary school.
Unveiling the Patterns of Water Diuresis in Profound Hyponatremia Management in Intensive Care Unit Settings
Authors: Nagase Koya , Imaizumi Takahiro , Nagase Fumika N. , Iwasaki Keita , Ito Yuuki , Nakamura Yoshihiro , Ikai Hiroki , Yamamoto Mari , Murai Yukari , Yokoyama-Kokuryo Waka , Takizawa Naoho , Shimizu Hideaki , Fujita Yoshiro , Watanabe Tsuyoshi 
Published: August 2024

Key Points

Water diuresis presents a conundrum during the treatment of profound hyponatremia, but its clinical characteristics remain unclear.This study revealed that water diuresis mostly manifests within 24 hours of treatment, preceded by changes in urinary characteristics.Careful urine monitoring in the early stages of hyponatremia treatment could facilitate the early detection of water diuresis.

Background
Hyponatremia treatment guidelines recommend avoiding excessive increases in serum sodium concentration (s[Na]) to prevent osmotic demyelination syndrome. Although an unexpected rise in s[Na] has been attributed to water diuresis during the treatment of hyponatremia, clinical courses of water diuresis are unclear. We conducted this study to investigate the clinical characteristics of water diuresis during profound hyponatremia management.

Methods
In this retrospective observational study, we examined patients with profound hyponatremia (s[Na] ≤120 mEq/L) admitted to the intensive care unit of a Japanese hospital. The manifestation of water diuresis was defined as a urine volume (UV) ≥2 ml/kg per hour and a urinary sodium plus potassium concentration (u[Na+K]) ≤50 mEq/L. We analyzed changes in UV and u[Na+K] over time for patients experiencing water diuresis. This analysis employed a mixed-effects model with spline terms for time, and the results are graphically presented.

Results
Among 47 eligible patients, 30 (64%) met the criteria for water diuresis. The etiologies of hyponatremia were drug-related hyponatremia (n=10; 33%), primary polydipsia (n=8; 27%), hypovolemic hyponatremia (n=7; 23%), syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (n=7; 23%), and acute heart failure (n=1; 3%). Among patients with water diuresis, 27 (90%) experienced the manifestation of water diuresis within 24 hours after the start of correction. The increased UV and decreased u[Na+K] levels began several hours before the peak manifestation of water diuresis. Within 6 hours after the manifestation of water diuresis, 29 patients (97%) received electrolyte-free infusions and 14 (47%) received desmopressin. One patient (3%) with water diuresis experienced overcorrection.

Conclusions
Water diuresis is common during the treatment for profound hyponatremia and typically occurs within the first 24 hours, preceded by changes in urinary characteristics. Early detection and prompt response to water diuresis through urine monitoring during the early periods of hyponatremia treatment may be effective for managing water diuresis.
IMPACT OF PRELIMINARY MYOCARDIAL VIABILITY ASSESSMENT ON REVASCULARIZATION OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH REDUCED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: İmanov Q.G. 
Published: August 2024

Məqalədə ürəyin sol mədəciyinin atım fraksiyası azalmış xəstələrdə revaskulyarizasiyanın nəticələrinin miokardın canlılıq səviyyəsinin revaskulyarizasiyadan əvvəl müəyyənləşdirilməsindən asılılğını öyrənmək məqsədilə aparılmış tədqiqat işi haqqında məlumat verilmişdir. Tədqiqata sol mədəciyin atım fraksiyası göstəricisi normadan az olan 416 xəstə daxil edilmişdir. Onlardan I qrupa daxil edilmiş 192 nəfərə gec kontrastlaşma ilə maqnit-rezonans tomoqrafiya müayinəsi aparılaraq miokardın canlılıq səviyyəsi müəyyənləşdirilmiş və yalnız bundan sonra ürək əzələsi revaskulyarizasiya edilmiş, 224 xəstənin daxil olduğu II qrupda isə revaskulyarizasiya miokardın canlılıq səviyyəsi müəyyənləşdirilmədən aparılmışdır. Tədqiqat göstərmişdir ki, hər iki qrupda sol mədəciyin sistolik funksiyası miokardın revaskulyarizasiya üsulunun aorta-koronar şuntlanma və ya perkutan koronar müdaxilə növündən asılı olmadan əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə yaxşılaşmışdır.
The article presents information about a research study conducted to investigate the outcomes of revascularization in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction depending on myocardial viability. 416 patients with reduced LVEF were included in the study. Group I was prospective and included patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with delayed enhancement (192 patients). Group II was formed retrospectively, including 224 patients who underwent revascularization without myocardial viability detection. The clear improvement of left ventricular systolic function compared to preoperative data within each group by the follow-up was shown. The study results demonstrated that in both groups, left ventricular systolic function significantly improved regardless of the revascularization method, whether coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). That confirms the hypothesis of equal effectiveness of both revascularization strategies.
Было проведено исследование с целью сравнивать результатов реваскульярризации у больных со сниженной фракцией выброса левого желудочка в зависимости от предварительного определения жизнеспособности миокарда. В исследование включены 416 пациентов с фракцией выброса левого желудочка со сниженной фракцией выброса. Из них 192 человека, вошедших в I группу, прошли магнитно-резонансное исследование с отдаленным контрастированием, с целью определения жизнеспособности миокарда и только затем провели реваскуляризацию сердечной мышцы. Во II группе, в которую вошли 224 больных, которым реваскуляризация проводилась без определения жизнеспособности миокарда. Исследование показало, что систолическая функция левого желудочка в обеих группах значительно улучшилась при использовании обоих методов реваскуляризации миокарда (аортокоронарного шунтирования или чрескожного коронарного вмешательства).
PENGARUH ETIKA, KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DAN PENEKANAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP BUDGETARY SLACK (STUDI PADA OPD KAB. KEPAHIANG)
Authors: Widyantoro Eduar , Nensi yuniarti Zs  , Yudi Partama Putra  , Ahmad Junaidi  
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of ethics, organizational commitment and budget emphasis on budgetary slack. The population of this study was the SKPD in Kepahiang Regency which consists of 9 Agencies or Services in Kepahiang Regency. This study used descriptive quantitative research method. The sample of this study was selected by using a purposive sampling technique. The data wre collected by using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using validity tests, reliability tests, hypothesis testing and multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS version 22.0 software. The results of this study indicate that Ethics partially has effect on budgetary slack in SKPD. This was proved by the t test results showing the t_sig value for the Ethics variable, namely sig a = 0.000 < 0.05 with a t table value of 5.908. The organizational commitment partially has effect on budgetary slack. This is proved by the t test results showing the t_sig value for the organizational commitment variable, namely sig a = 0.000 < 0.05 with a t table value of 8.928. Budget emphasis partially has effect on budgetary slack. This was proved by the t test results showing the t_sig value for the organizational commitment variable, namely sig a = 0.010 < 0.05 with a t table value of 2.644. Ethics, organizational commitment and budget emphasis simultaneously have a significant effects on budgetary slack in SKPD. This was proved by the results of the F test which shows a sig value of less than 0.05, 0.000.
Keywords: Ethics, Organizational Commitment, Budget Emphasis and Budgetary Slack.
PENGARUH KONSERVATISME TERHADAP EFISIENSI INVESTASI DAN AGENCY COST SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR (SUB SEKTOR MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2018-2022)
Authors: Natalia Syahlina , Chairul Suhendra  , Yusmaniarti Yusmaniarti 
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine how the influence of conservatism, investment efficiency, and agency cost as moderating variabel in manufacturing companies the date used in this study is secondary data sourced from the annual reports of manufacturing companies listed on the indonesia stock exchange (IDX) the sample size was collected using purposive sampling technique a total of 6 companies the research utilized the SPSS 23 program for windows version 11. The findings indicate that conservatism has a positive impact on investment efficiency, and agency cost do not moderate this positive influence on investment efficiency.
Keywords: Conservatism, Investment Efficiency, Agency Cost
Updates in Drug-Related Pneumonitis Due to Targeted Oncologic Therapies
Authors: Chan Kathy L. , Faiz Saadia A. , Altan Mehmet , Sheshadri Ajay 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
An increasing number of newer targeted oncologic therapies approved for clinical use can cause drug-related pneumonitis. Drug-related pneumonitis can be difficult to diagnose and requires a high index of suspicion. This review serves as an update to a prior review in this journal about pneumonitis with precision oncology therapies. In this review, we focus on the incidence, timing of onset, and imaging patterns of pneumonitis associated with a number of newly approved precision oncologic agents, with a particular focus on new antibody-drug conjugate therapies.
Possible approaches to reproduction of endothelial dysfunction. searching for the optimal model
Authors: Tsorin I. B. , Kozhevnikova L. V. , Simonenko S. A. , Sukhanova I. F. , Vititnova M. B. , Kryzhanovskii S. A. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of the study. Search for an optimal approach to developing a translational model of endothelial dysfunction (ED).Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on 58 white male rats, which were randomized into 8 groups: 1st (n = 6) — control for L-methionine (in vitro experiments); 2nd (n = 6) — L-methionine (in vitro experiments); 3rd (n = 6) — control for L-NAME (in vitro experiments); 4th (n = 6) — L-NAME (in vitro experiments); 5th (n = 10) — control for L-methionine (in vivo experiments); 6th (n = 7) — L-methionine (in vivo experiments); 7-a (n = 10) — control for L-NAME (in vivo experiments); 8th (n = 7) — L-NAME (in vivo experiments). In groups 2 and 6, animals were intragastrically administered L-methionine (3 g/kg/day for 7 days), and rats in groups 4 and 8 were administered i.p. with L-NAME (0.025 g/kg/day within 7 days). Control animals received an equivalent volume of solvent. In in vitro experiments, a four-channel myograph (Danish Myo Technology) was used to record the tonic activity of the aortic rings. The contraction strength of the aortic rings caused by norepinephrine (10−7 M) and carbachol (10−5 M) was recorded in isometric mode. In in vivo experiments on anesthetized rats (urethane 1300 mg/kg i.p.), blood microcirculation in the myocardium and skeletal muscle was recorded using laser Doppler flowmetry using a computerized laser analyzer "LAZMA-D" (manufactured by NPP "Lazma", Russia). When assessing microblood flow, the perfusion index (M) was calculated in perfusion units (perf.u.).Results. In vitro experiments have shown that under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia caused by L-methionine, the vascular response to norepinephrine remains practically unchanged. At the same time, the vasodilating response to carbachol (10−5 M) statistically significantly decreased by 57 % (p = 0.005). In animals treated with L-NAME, not only did the response to carbochol decrease by 55 % (p = 0.009), but also the vasoconstrictor response to norepinephrine increased by 48 % (p = 0.003). Under conditions of ED caused by both hyperhomocysteinemia and L-NAME, blood microcirculation in the myocardium and skeletal muscle is significantly reduced. It has also been shown that in the conditions of the L-NAME-induced ED model, in contrast to the L-methionine-induced ED model, there is no drop in rat body weight and practically no mortality.Conclusion. Thus, ED induced by both hyperhomocysteinemia and L-NAME blockade of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is accompanied by similar changes in blood microcirculation in the myocardium and skeletal muscle. However, taking into account the results of in vitro experiments, we can conclude that the model of ED induced by L-NAME seems more promising, under which, in contrast to ED induced by L-methionine, the vasodilatory response of the vessel to carbachol is not only suppressed, but also the vasoconstrictor reaction to norepinephrine is activated.