bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes and use of medicinal plants during pregnancy among women at health care centers in three regions of Mali, West-Africa
Authors: Nergard Cecilie Sogn , Ho Thi Phung Than , Diallo Drissa , Ballo Ngolo , Paulsen Berit Smestad , Nordeng Hedvig 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background
Although, medicinal plants have been important for women’s health historically, the knowledge about such use during pregnancy in developing countries is limited. This is the first quantitative, ethnobotanical study on Malian women’s use of and attitudes towards the use of medicinal plants during pregnancy.
The aim of the study was to describe Malian women’s use of medicinal plants during pregnancy according to indications and to evaluate the potentially safety of such use. The overall aim was to preserve valuable information about medicinal plants for women’s reproductive health for the future.

Methods
Data was collected through structured interviews of 209 pregnant women or mothers in three health care centers in Mali. The women were interviewed about their uses of medicinal plants during pregnancy and their attitudes to such use. Nine specific medicinal plants commonly used in Mali and treatment of eleven common ailments in pregnancy were specifically queried about.

Results
In total, 79.9 % had used medicinal plants during pregnancy. Only 17 women (8.5 %) had received a recommendation from a traditional practitioner (TP). The most commonly used medicinal plants were Lippia chevalieri (55.5 %), Combretum micranthum (39.7 %), Parkia biglobosa (12.0 %) and Vepris heterophylla (8.1 %). The most common reasons for use were for well-being (37.7 %), symptoms of malaria (37.1 %) and ”increased salt-elimination” (to reduce edema) (19.2 %). For treatment of symptoms of malaria and urinary tract infections during pregnancy, the women’s choices of medicinal plants agreed with those previously reported from interviews with TPs. Almost 30 % believed that medicinal plants had no adverse effects for the mother.

Conclusion
This study showed an extensive use and knowledge of medicinal plants during pregnancy in three regions in Mali. However, exclusive use of medicinal plants as treatment of malaria and urinary tract infections during pregnancy may pose a health risk for the mother and her unborn child. A wider collaboration with TPs, with local communities and conventional health workers of the health care centers, on the safe use of medicinal plants, is important to promote safer pregnancies and better health care for pregnant women and their unborn infants in Mali.
Needs and fears of young people presenting at accident and emergency department following an act of self-harm: secondary analysis of qualitative data
Authors: Owens Christabel , Hansford Lorraine , Sharkey Siobhan , Ford Tamsin 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundPresentation at an accident and emergency (A&E) department is a key opportunity to engage with a young person who self-harms. The needs of this vulnerable group and their fears about presenting to healthcare services, including A&E, are poorly understood.AimsTo examine young people's perceptions of A&E treatment following self-harm and their views on what constitutes a positive clinical encounter.MethodSecondary analysis of qualitative data from an experimental online discussion forum. Threads selected for secondary analysis represent the views of 31 young people aged 16–25 with experience of self-harm.ResultsParticipants reported avoiding A&E whenever possible, based on their own and others' previous poor experiences. When forced to seek emergency care, they did so with feelings of shame and unworthiness. These feelings were reinforced when they received what they perceived as punitive treatment from A&E staff, perpetuating a cycle of shame, avoidance and further self-harm. Positive encounters were those in which they received ‘treatment as usual’, i.e. non-discriminatory care, delivered with kindness, which had the potential to challenge negative self-evaluation and break the cycle.ConclusionsThe clinical needs of young people who self-harm continue to demand urgent attention. Further hypothesis testing and trials of different models of care delivery for this vulnerable group are warranted.
Victimisation in adults with severe mental illness: Prevalence
and risk factors
Authors: de Mooij Liselotte D. , Kikkert Martijn , Lommerse Nick M. , Peen Jaap , Meijwaard Sabine C. , Theunissen Jan , Duurkoop Pim W. R. A. , Goudriaan Anna E. , Van Henricus L. , Beekman Aartjan T. F. , Dekker Jack J. M. 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundPatients with a severe mental illness (SMI) are more likely to experience
victimisation than the general population.AimsTo examine the prevalence of victimisation in people with SMI, and the
relationship between symptoms, treatment facility and indices of
substance use/misuse and perpetration, in comparison with the general
population.MethodVictimisation was assessed among both randomly selected patients with SMI
(n = 216) and the general population
(n=10 865).ResultsCompared with the general population, a high prevalence of violent
victimisation was found among the SMI group (22.7% v.
8.5%). Compared with out-patients and patients in a sheltered housing
facility, in-patients were most often victimised (violent crimes: 35.3%;
property crimes: 47.1%). Risk factors among the SMI group for violent
victimisation included young age and disorganisation, and risk factors
for property crimes included being an in-patient, disorganisation and
cannabis use. The SMI group were most often assaulted by someone they
knew.ConclusionsCaregivers should be aware that patients with SMI are at risk of violent
victimisation. Interventions need to be developed to reduce this
vulnerability.
ESTIMATING VALUE-AT-RISK BASED ON NON-NORMAL DISTRIBUTIONS
Authors: Bohdalová Mária , Greguš Michal 
Published: October 2015

The article presents a comparative study of parametric linear value-at-risk (VaR) models used for estimating the risk of financial portfolios. We illustrate how to adjust VaR for auto-correlation in portfolio returns. The article presents static and dynamic methodology to compute VaR, based on the assumption that daily changes are independent and identically distributed (normal or non-normal) or auto-correlated in terms of the risk factor dynamics. We estimate the parametric linear VaR over a risk horizon of 1 day and 10 days at 99% and 95% confidence levels for the same data. We compare the parametric VaR and a VaR obtained using Monte Carlo simulations with historical simulations and use the maximum likelihood method to calibrate the distribution parameters of our risk factors. The study investigated whether the parametric linear VaR applies to contemporary risk factor analysis and pertained to selected foreign rates.
Developing a questionnaire to assess the outcome of memory rehabilitation for people with neurological disabilities
Authors: Chouliara Niki , Lincoln Nadina B 
Published: October 2015

Aims: To develop an outcome questionnaire, the Adaptation to Memory Difficulties Outcome Questionnaire, on the effectiveness of memory rehabilitation. Methods: An initial pool of items was identified through observations and qualitative interviews with participants receiving memory rehabilitation. A 45-item version of the questionnaire was posted to people with traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis. A second copy was posted to those who agreed to be reassessed 2 weeks later. Results: The questionnaire was returned by 141 people. Some items were removed due to poor response distributions. Principal component analysis indicated that the questionnaire comprised five subscales: i) memory knowledge; ii) control; iii) emotional adjustment; iv) internal memory aids; v) external memory aids. Internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha=0.74–0.84). Test–retest reliability was assessed on 50 participants completing a second questionnaire within a 4-week interval and was shown to be satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha=0.67–0.86). There was no significant association between subscale scores and age, gender, diagnosis or time since onset. Conclusions: The questionnaire may be used as a measure of the effect of memory problems, tailored to the aims of memory rehabilitation. Responsiveness to change needs to be assessed.
From OER to MOO Cs: Critical perspectives on the historical mediation trajectories of open education
Authors: Alevizou Giota 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article considers the intersections between digital and open education to explore how openness, as a value and currency, has conditioned the mediation trajectories of pedagogical knowledge domains and communicative learning spaces. Drawing on critical political economy and deploying a discourse analytic approach, it traces the dimensions of openness as a techno-cultural frame and socio-economic structure conditioning policies and genres stemming from the Open Education Resource (OER) movement in the early 2000s and through the influx of Massive Open Online Coursese (MOOCs). When a practice such as Open Education simultaneously challenges and enhances educational institutions’ concentration of symbolic resources, analysing the wider consequences for society may be difficult. Yet several dimensions and paradoxes can be addressed through correlating a number of contingent factors: the development of settings for the increasing mediatization of pedagogical knowledge other than those traditionally anchored to distance and open education; the many interlocking technological, social and political processes that have created new contexts for cultural production; new circuits for facilitating alternative and cultural pedagogies; and the institutional instrumentalization of openness in neo-liberal restructuring of higher education.
‘Sí valgo, yo valgo seguro’ Spain’s new peripheral female subjects in Yo soy la Juani
Authors: Loxham Abigail 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Despite his mainstream success and prolific production, in all his films Bigas Luna demonstrates a preference for the peripheral and the marginal – in terms of the subjects he depicts as well as through his representational practices. In this article I investigate the new peripheral subjects in his 2006 film Yo soy la Juani/My Name is Juani: young women on the cusp of adulthood, at the margins of Spain (Tarragona) and the edges of mainstream culture. I argue that Bigas Luna’s resistance to hegemonic power structures and his marginal politics face a new challenge in the twenty-first century as the mediatized and pervasive culture of celebrity alters our reading of his female star, Verónica Echegui, and his relationship with her. Bigas attempts in this film to present a specific version of Spanish femininity as a point of resistance to a manufactured female subjectivity yet he also imitates it and shows that these young female characters are in thrall to the culture that he claims to resist. As the film negotiates a tricky path between these media discourses and the images of resistance in the film itself the end result is an ambiguous text that neither resists nor entirely complies with a culture that commodifies the bodies and aspirations of its peripheral female stars.
Pedagogia do Projecto
Authors: Bandeirinha José António 
Published: October 2015

Dos objectivos pedagógicos do ensino da Arquitectura destaca-se um desenvolvimento da capacidade instrumental dos alunos para o exercício do projecto. Mas o projecto aqui enunciado não é uma entidade em si mesma, não existe sem a corporização que lhe é dada, em primeira análise, pelas condições da encomenda — programa, contexto, valor — e, num segundo momento, pela concretização arquitectónica das soluções, cujo principal objectivo é, por estranho que pareça, extinguir esse mesmo projecto, transformando-o em obra. E é, precisamente, à luz desta condição etérea e parasitante do projecto que podem ser colocadas algumas das mais relevantes questões que se lhe põem, na actualidade. ABSTRACT Given pedagogical scopes of architectural teaching, we can stand out the ability to design practise, in particular for architectural project. But this project we’re writing about should not be considered as an entity in itself. It doesn’t exist without its inherent materialization, given by contextual conditions — order, function, budget — in first place, and, in second place and oddly enough, it doesn’t exist without being extinguished by its transformation in built reality. It’s precisely on behalf of this strange conditions of design practises that we can point some of the most relevant matters on which it lay, today.
Diagnostic and treatment of retrograde ejaculation as a manifestation of urogenital form of autonomic diabetic polyneuropathy
Authors: Kurbatov Dmitry Gennadyevich , Galstyan Gagik Radikovich , Rozhivanov Roman Viktorovich , Lepetukhin Aleksander Evgenyevich , Shwarts Yana Grigoryevna 
Published: October 2015

Background. Retrograde ejaculation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus is a complication of autonomic neuropathy that causes excretory infertility. It can be partial (reduction of ejaculate) or total (absence of ejaculate) and occurs in 10%–20% of men with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a new endoscopic method for retrograde ejaculation correction and antegrade ejaculation restoration.Materials and methods. We included 30 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who had spermatozoa present in their post-orgasmic urine and ultrasonographic evidence of impaired or absent bladder neck closure. The mean age of participants was 32 (30–35) years, mean duration of diabetes was 17 (12–22) years and mean preoperative glycated haemoglobin level was 7.4% (6.9%–8.0%). All participants had total retrograde ejaculation. We used conventional irrigated urethrocystoscopy under local anaesthesia. During urethroscopy, bladder neck gaping was observed in all cases. Biocompatible material was injected at three points under the mucous layer of the posterior urethra, reaching the closing of the opposite edges of the urethra. A spermiogram was examined 1 week after the operation.Results. Restoration of antegrade ejaculation was achieved for 22 patients (73%), and the effects persisted for a mean of 7 (2–12) months. The spouses of four men became pregnant after surgery. In one case, the pregnancy resulted in a spontaneous abortion at gestational week 8, but the other three cases continued normally.Conclusion.This new method provides a highly effective means of restoring the physiological passage of the ejaculate. The operation is a low-invasive endoscopic procedure that does not disrupt urination, and it is possible to receive ejaculate of sufficient.
华裔和非华裔学习者对汉语模糊表达的语用理解
Authors: 燕君 刘 , 峰 肖 
Published: October 2015

提要
本文通过多项选择问卷对 60 名华裔和 60 名非华裔学习者在汉语模糊表达语用理解上的差异进行了考察。在考察这两组学习者时，根据汉语水平将华裔和非华裔平均划分为高水平组和低水平组，其汉语水平由新 HSK 成绩衡量，模糊表达依据所含模糊词语分为数量类、近似类、频率类和可能类，每类选取五个常用模糊词语。每个模糊表达依据交际情景中对话方社会地位高和社会地位平等各设计一道多项选择题。此外，用另一问卷测量其语义理解能力，需要被试在具体的句子里判断模糊表达的语义界限。研究结果显示，汉语水平和语义理解对华裔和非华裔学习者的语用理解均有显著影响，华裔学习者在整体上对模糊表达的语用理解要显著好于非华裔学习者。当进一步区分不同模糊表达类型时，组间方差分析表明，华裔学习者在频率类模糊表达语用理解上的分值要显著高于非华裔学习者，而在其余三类模糊表达语用理解上两者不存在显著差异。在语境中当对话方社会地位平等时，华裔学习者模糊表达的语用理解分值显著高于非华裔学习者，而当对话方社会地位高时两者不存在显著差异。组内方差分析表明，华裔学习者对不同模糊表达类型语用理解的敏感度要低于非华裔学习者，而对语境中不同社会地位的敏感度要高于非华裔学习者。
Appositive construction or noun phrase? On the status of postnominal adjectives in Latin and Ancient Greek
Authors: Spevak Olga 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe aim of this article is to examine the status of postnominal modifiers in Latin and Ancient Greek. Compared to prenominal modifiers, modifiers in postposition are more loosely integrated into the noun phrase. However, whereas modern scholars analyse them as integral parts of noun phrases, Classical philologists claim that postnominal modifiers are, at least originally, appositive elements. Furthermore, from a typological point of view, there are languages in which postnominal modifiers do not form a part of noun phrases at all. Several criteria of a semantic, syntactic, or pragmatic nature can help us with distinguishing between true modifiers belonging to noun phrases and apposed elements, specifically, semantic completeness and incompleteness of referents, restrictions on predication of modifiers, coordination, and context.
Radioiodination and biological evaluation of Cladribine as potential agent for tumor imaging and therapy
Authors: Bayoumi Noha Anwer , Amin Abeer M. , Ismail Nasser S. M. , Abouzid Khaled A. M. , El-Kolaly Mohamed T. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Cladribine, a purine analogue antimetabolite, was radioiodinated with 125I via direct electrophilic substitution
reaction. The maximum radiochemical yield (92.5 ± 0.8%) was obtained when the reaction was done at ambient temperature for
30 min using 100 μg of Cladribine and 10 μg N-chlorosuccinamide (NCS) in
150 μL of 0.2 M phosphate buffer, pH 7. In vitro stability studies of HPLC purified
125I-Cladribine sample dissolved in 0.5 ml of 0.2 M phosphate buffer pH 7 at ambient temperature
showed that 125I-Cladribine is stable up to 12 h post labeling. Biodistribution results revealed excretion of
125I-Cladribine mainly by kidneys. The uptake of 125I-Cladribine in the induced Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma was
2.8 ± 0.4 %ID/g at 1 h post injection with maximum tumor/muscle ratio of 5.5. The good uptake of
125I-Cladribine confirms the molecular docking studies results which indicate that iodinated Cladribine binds with
polymerase enzyme with a good –CDOCKER energy. As a result, radioiodinated Cladribine may be used as a valuable agent for tumor
diagnosis and therapy.
Preparation of titanate nanoflower for sorption of 75Se(IV) radioisotope from aqueous solution: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Sharaf El-Deen Sahar El-Sayed Abd El-Kader , Allan Karam Fatwhi , Holeil Mohamed , Sharaf El-Deen Gehan El-Sayed Abd El-Kader 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In this study, the adsorptive removal of selenium (IV) from aqueous solution by titanate nanoflower (TNF) was prepared via alkaline
hydrothermal method. The morphology and crystal phase of the TNF were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray
diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDX), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and specific surface area. This study was conducted to determine the influence of
various operating parameters such as pH, adsorbate weight, initial anion concentration, contact time and solution temperature on the
adsorptive removal of selenium (IV). Equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevich
(D–R) isotherm models. The results demonstrated that the adsorption was well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with the
maximum adsorption capacity up to 46.52 mg/g at pH 3.5. The adsorption of Se(IV) anions onto the surface of TNF may proceed
through outer sphere electrostatic interactions and/or inner-sphere complexation interaction. The kinetic data indicated that the
adsorption fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic parameters implied that the adsorption process was
spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
Rapid, Coordinate Inflammatory Responses after Experimental Febrile Status Epilepticus: Implications for Epileptogenesis
Authors: Patterson Katelin P. , Brennan Gary P. , Curran Megan , Kinney-Lang Eli , Dubé Celine , Rashid Faisal , Ly Catherine , Obenaus Andre , Baram Tallie Z. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEpilepsy is a common neurological disorder with many causes. For temporal lobe epilepsy, antecedent insults are typically found. These risk factors include trauma or history of long fever-associated seizures (febrile status epilepticus) in childhood. Whereas the mechanisms by which such insults promote temporal lobe epilepsy are unknown, an extensive body of work has implicated inflammation and inflammatory mediators in both human and animal models of the disorder. However, direct evidence for an epileptogenic role for inflammation is lacking. Here we capitalized on a model where only a subgroup of insult-experiencing rodents develops epilepsy. We reasoned that if inflammation was important for generating epilepsy, then early inflammation should be more prominent in individuals destined to become epileptic compared with those that will not become epileptic. In addition, the molecular and temporal profile of inflammatory mediators would provide insights into which inflammatory pathways might be involved in the disease process. We examined inflammatory profiles in hippocampus and amygdala of individual rats and correlated them with a concurrent noninvasive, amygdalar magnetic resonance imaging epilepsy-predictive marker. We found significant individual variability in the expression of several important inflammatory mediators, but not in others. Of interest, a higher expression of a subset of hippocampal and amygdalar inflammatory markers within the first few hours following an insult correlated with the epilepsy-predictive signal. These findings suggest that some components of the inflammatory gene network might contribute to the process by which insults promote the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Reassignment of Drosophila willistoni Genome Scaffolds to Chromosome II Arms
Authors: Garcia Carolina , Delprat Alejandra , Ruiz Alfredo , Valente Vera L S 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Drosophila willistoni is a geographically widespread Neotropical species. The genome of strain Gd-H4-1 from Guadeloupe Island (Caribbean) was sequenced in 2007 as part of the 12 Drosophila Genomes Project. The assembled scaffolds were joined based on conserved linkage and assigned to polytene chromosomes based on a handful of genetic and physical markers. This paucity of markers was particularly striking in the metacentric chromosome II, comprised two similarly sized arms, IIL and IIR, traditionally considered homologous to Muller elements C and B, respectively. In this paper we present the cytological mapping of 22 new gene markers to increase the number of markers mapped by in situ hybridization and to test the assignment of scaffolds to the polytene chromosome II arms. For this purpose, we generated, by polymerase chain reaction amplification, one or two gene probes from each scaffold assigned to the chromosome II arms and mapped these probes to the Gd-H4-1 strain’s polytene chromosomes by nonfluorescent in situ hybridization. Our findings show that chromosome arms IIL and IIR correspond to Muller elements B and C, respectively, directly contrasting the current homology assignments in D. willistoni and constituting a major reassignment of the scaffolds to chromosome II arms.