bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Quality of Amilled Gamma Titaniumaluminide for Aeronautical Applications
Authors: Radkowski Grzegorz , Sep Jaroslaw 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Gamma titanium aluminides are an interesting alternative for nickel, iron or cobalt matrix superalloys. Due to the advantageous strength properties at high temperatures they can successfully replace superalloys in applications such as high pressure compressor blades, low pressure turbine blades, high pressure compressor case, low pressure turbine case. Milling is one of the processes that can be applied in the forming elements made from this type of alloys for the aviation industry. Research included the selection of tool, the process kinematics and the range of milling gamma titanium aluminide (Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.2B-0.2C) process parameters were carried out. Milling can be an effective method of forming of elements made of gamma TiAL in the range of processing parameters: vc = 20-70 m/min, ap = 0.3-0.7 mm, fz = 0.1- 0.45 mm/tooth. In the tests carried out the best results were obtained using a R300-016A20L- 08L milling cutter, S30T tool coating and in-cut milling.
A Novel Control-rod Drive Mechanism via Electromagnetic Levitation in MNSR
Authors: Divandari Mohammad , Hashemi-Tilehnoee Mehdi , Khaleghi Masoud , Hosseinkhah Mohammadreza 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In this paper, an electromagnetic levitation system was used with a synchronous motor to navigate the control rod of a small-type research reactor. The result from this prototype magnetic levitation system was in agreement with simulation results. The control system was programmed in MATLAB through open-loop system, closed-loop with state feedback and closed-loop with state feedback integral tracking. The final control system showed the highest performance with a low positioning error. Our results showed that the developed control system has the potential to be used as a reliable actuator in nuclear reactors to satisfy higher performance and safety.
Quasi-minimal rotational surfaces in pseudo-Euclidean four-dimensional space
Authors: Ganchev Georgi , Milousheva Velichka 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn the four-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space with neutral metric there are three types of rotational surfaces with two-dimensional axis — rotational surfaces of elliptic, hyperbolic or parabolic type. A surface whose mean curvature vector field is lightlike is said to be quasi-minimal. In this paper we classify all rotational quasi-minimal surfaces of elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolic type, respectively.
Coin Rotation Task: A Valid Test for Manual Dexterity in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Heldner Mirjam R. , Vanbellingen Tim , Bohlhalter Stephan , Mattle Heinrich P. , Müri René M. , Kamm Christian P. 
Published: June 2014

Background
Impaired manual dexterity is frequent and disabling in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, convenient, quick, and validated tests for manual dexterity in people with MS are needed.

Objective
The aim of this study was to validate the Coin Rotation Task (CRT) for examining manual dexterity in people with MS.

Design
This was a cross-sectional study.

Methods
A total of 101 outpatients with MS were assessed with the CRT, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), and the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS); muscle strength and sensory deficits of the hands were noted. The concurrent validity and diagnostic accuracy of the CRT were determined by comparison with the 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT). Construct validity was determined by comparison with a valid dexterity questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses were done to explore correlations of the CRT with the EDSS, SARA, MAS, muscle strength, and sensory deficits.

Results
The CRT correlated significantly with the 9HPT (r=.73, P&lt;.0001), indicating good concurrent validity. The cutoff values for the CRT relative to the 9HPT were 18.75 seconds for the dominant hand (sensitivity=81.5%, specificity=80.0%) and 19.25 seconds for the nondominant hand (sensitivity=90.3%, specificity=81.8%); these values indicated good diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, the CRT correlated significantly with the dexterity questionnaire (r=−.49, P&lt;.0001), indicating moderate construct validity. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the EDSS was the strongest predictor for impaired dexterity.

Limitations
Most of the people examined had relapsing-remitting MS and EDSS scores of up to 7.

Conclusions
This study validated the CRT as a test that can be used easily and quickly to evaluate manual dexterity in people with MS.
Leakage detection on CT myelography for targeted epidural blood patch in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks: calcified or ossified spinal lesions ventral to the thecal sac
Authors: Yoshida Hiroki , Takai Keisuke , Taniguchi Makoto 
Published: June 2014

Object
The purpose of this study was to describe significant CT myelography findings for determination of the leak site and outcome of targeted epidural blood patch (EBP) in patients with spontaneous CSF leaks.

Methods
During 2005–2013, spontaneous CSF leaks were diagnosed for 12 patients with orthostatic headaches. The patients received targeted EBP on the basis of CT myelography assessments.

Results
Computed tomography myelograms revealed ventral extradural collection of contrast medium distributed over multiple spinal levels (average 16 levels). Intraforaminal contrast medium extravasations were observed at multiple spinal levels (average 8.2 levels). For 8 (67%) of 12 patients, spinal lesions were noted around the thecal sac and included calcified discs with osteophytes, an ossified posterior longitudinal ligament, and an ossified yellow ligament; lesions were mostly located ventral to the thecal sac and were in close contact with the dura mater. The levels of these spinal lesions were considered potential leak sites and were targeted for EBP. For the remaining 4 patients who did not have definite spinal lesions around the thecal sac, leak site determination was based primarily on the contrast gradient hypothesis. The authors hypothesized that the concentration of extradural contrast medium would be the greatest and the same as that of intradural contrast medium at the leak site but that it would decrease with increased distance from the leak site according to the contrast gradient.
Epidural blood patch was placed at the level of spinal lesions and/or of the greatest and same concentration of contrast medium between the intradural and extradural spaces. For 10 of the 12 patients, the orthostatic headaches decreased significantly within a week of EBP and disappeared within a month. For the remaining 2 patients, headaches persisted and medical treatment was required for several months. For 3 patients, thick chronic subdural hematomas caused severe headaches and/or disturbed consciousness because of the mass effect of the hematomas, which were removed by bur hole drainage surgery. For 1 patient, bur hole drainage before EBP on the day of admission to hospital resulted in subdural tension pneumocephalus. The patient's headache immediately disappeared after EBP, and the hematoma did not recur. The other 2 patients underwent EBP followed by bur hole drainage, which resulted in improvements and disappearance of the hematomas. Over the follow-up period (mean 39 months), no CSF leaks or chronic subdural hematomas had recurred in any patient after EBP; by the final follow-up visit, all patients had returned to their jobs.

Conclusions
The most significant finding of this study was that spinal ventral calcified or ossified lesions, which may be associated with a dural tear, were present in approximately 70% of patients. Targeted EBP to these lesions resulted in good outcomes.
Western links of the Lykaonia plain in the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age
Authors: Bahar Hasan , Koçak Özdemir 
Published: June 2014

In this article seven settlements situated north-northwest of Konya and the Chalcolithic-EBA (Early Bronze Age) cultures are examined. This area links the Lykaonia Plain with the west. This article shows that this area possesses geographical and cultural unity and important natural routes. In addition we attempt to determine to which neighbouring settlements the area is linked.
Our area, approximately 25-35 km north of Konya, is located on the Bozdağlar mountains (Map 1-2). These mountains are the northern range of the Taurus. This region is the natural border between ancient Lykaonia and Phrygia. The climate is different in each part of this mountainous region. We studied especially seven settlements : Malas II, Sızma, Pınarbaşı Yuğ Tepesi, Meydan Yolu, Gelemiş, Çaltı Peynirli and Büyükpınar.
We treat this subject in two main sections. In the first part we deal with settlement features and conditions, and in the second part we evaluate the archaeological finds .
La négation comme jugement : une application aux interrogatives
Authors: Muller Claude 
Published: June 2014

Cet article présente une nouvelle analyse de l'interrogation, basée sur l'opposition entre les connaissances ou présupposés pragmatiques d'arrière-plan et la notion de premier plan, à l'origine de la question. La présence ou non d'une négation peut, dans ce cadre, illustrer la stratégie du locuteur : dans le même contexte, celui-ci peut soit mettre en doute son opinion d'arrière-plan, soit anticiper sur la vérité du premier plan. On peut ainsi décrire l'interronégative sans faire intervenir la rhétorique de l'argumentation et du dialogue, également exprimable dans ce cadre avec les distinctions polyphoniques d'énonciateurs.
Cette analyse conduit à la mise en évidence d'un type surprenant de question : les interronégatives en "par hasard", dont on montre que l'origine probable est à chercher dans un arrière-plan faisant partie des savoirs partagés : tout élément non avéré est a priori concevable comme un présupposé négatif - à l'exception notable d'états de faits généralement posés comme positifs, et qui précisément bloquent la formation de ce type de questions.
Le rôle de la sémantique dans l'interprétation de aucun
Authors: Heldner Christina 
Published: June 2014

Les syntagmes nominaux déterminés par l'indéfini AUCUN - que l'on peut envisager comme un quantificateur existentiel intégré dans le champ de la négation - reçoivent deux interprétations distinctes, surtout en position de sujet, suivant qu'ils apparaissent dans un énoncé déclaratif ou existentiel.
Une lecture non référentielle s'impose en proposition existentielle, où ces SN contribuent à asserter la non existence ou l'absence d'objets (ou de substances ou d'ensembles d'objets) de la catégorie désignées par le nom tête. L'énoncé Dans cette région, il n'y a aucune classe maternelle de plus de quatorze enfants en constitue un exemple caractéristique.
Dans des énoncés déclaratifs, comme Aucune maison n'a été épargnée, ce quantificateur négatif opère sur un sous-ensemble fini et spécifique d'objets de la catégorie dénotée par la tête nominale (c'est-à- dire maisons). L'existence de ce sous-ensemble étant présupposée, cette lecture est qualifiée de référentielle.
Le problème traité dans cet article est celui d'identifier les facteurs responsables de la sélection de l'une ou de l'autre lecture. En fait, il n'existe pas de critère formel simple permettant de décider si un énoncé donné doit s'analyser comme déclaratif ou existentiel, sauf quand celui- ci fait intervenir une construction impersonnelle comme il y a. L'approche adoptée ici consiste à explorer les possibilités d'une analyse purement sémantique cantonnée dans la phrase. Une éventuelle analyse pragmatique interviendra à un stade ultérieur pour rendre compte des cas demeurés ambigus au niveau phrastique. Un examen des données fournies par un corpus informatisé a donné les résultats suivants :
Un SN déterminé par AUCUN et sujet d'un verbe passif accepte seulement la lecture non référentielle, lorsqu'il a un nom tête syncatégorématique marqué [abstrait] et qu'il s'accompagne d'un verbe support. Quant aux SN en AUCUN sujets d'un verbe existentiel, ils manifestent une forte tendance à recevoir une interprétation non référentielle. En revanche, la lecture référentielle s'impose dès que le nom tête du SN sujet est catégorématique et marqué [animé] ou [concret] et que la structure sémantique du verbe est suffisamment riche pour lui assurer une certaine autonomie. En combinant un verbe qui impose peu de contraintes sémantiques à son sujet - ou aucune - à un SN sujet dénotant un réfèrent concret ou animé, on obtiendra souvent une phase ambiguë, dont l'ambiguïté ne sera levée que par une prise en compte de facteurs discursifs ou pragmatiques.
Jurer est-il déjà un verbe performatif en ancien français ?
Authors: Lignereux M 
Published: June 2014

S'appuyant sur le fait que le verbe jurer est un verbe performatif en français moderne, on s'interrogera sur la valeur de je jure en ancien français à partir d'un corpus de textes du XII° et XIII° siècles.
On remarquera alors que pour prêter serment, on conjugue divers facteurs, linguistiques ou extra-linguistiques : formule de serment si m'ait Dex, présence de reliques, etc. ; je jure n'apparaît pas, si ce n'est dans un emploi métadiscursif.
En dehors de ce contexte, on relèvera quelques occurrences de je jure, ce qui nous permettra de tracer une évolution diachronique.
Impact of Continuous Quality Improvement Initiatives on Clinical Outcomes in Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Yu Yusheng , Zhou Yan , Wang Han , Zhou Tingting , Li Qing , Li Taoyu , Wu Yan , Liu Zhihong 
Published: June 2014

Objective We evaluated the role of a quality improvement initiative in improving clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods In a retrospective analysis of 6 years of data from a hospital registry, the period between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2008 (control group) provided baseline data from before implementation of systemic outcomes monitoring, and the period between 1 July 2008 and 30 June 2011 [continuous quality improvement (CQI) group] represented the time when a CQI program was in place. Peritonitis incidence, patient and technique survival, cardiovascular status, causes of death, and drop-out were compared between the groups. Results In the 370 patients of the CQI group and the 249 patients of the control group, the predominant underlying kidney diseases were chronic glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy. After implementation of the CQI initiative, the peritonitis rate declined to 1 episode in 77.25 patient–months from 1 episode in 22.86 patient–months. Ultrasound parameters of cardiac structure were generally unchanged in the CQI group, but significant increases in cardiothoracic ratio and interventricular septal thickness were observed in the control group (both p < 0.05). Patient survival at 1, 2, and 3 years was significantly higher in the CQI group (97.3%, 96.3%, and 96.3% respectively) than in the control group (92.6%, 82.4%, and 67.3% respectively, p < 0.001). Implementation of the CQI initiative also appeared to significantly improve technique survival rates: 95.6%, 92.6%, and 92.6% in the CQI group compared with 89.6%, 79.2%, and 76.8% in the control group ( p < 0.001) after 1, 2, and 3 years respectively. Conclusion Integration of a CQI process into a PD program can significantly improve the quality of therapy and its outcomes.
The Milestones Passport: A Learner-Centered Application of the Milestone Framework to Prompt Real-Time Feedback in the Emergency Department
Authors: Yarris Lalena M. , Jones David , Kornegay Joshua G. , Hansen Matthew 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundIn July 2013, emergency medicine residency programs implemented the Milestone assessment as part of the Next Accreditation System.ObjectiveWe hypothesized that applying the Milestone framework to real-time feedback in the emergency department (ED) could affect current feedback processes and culture. We describe the development and implementation of a Milestone-based, learner-centered intervention designed to prompt real-time feedback in the ED.MethodsWe developed and implemented the Milestones Passport, a feedback intervention incorporating subcompetencies, in our residency program in July 2013. Our primary outcomes were feasibility, including faculty and staff time and costs, number of documented feedback encounters in the first 2 months of implementation, and user-reported time required to complete the intervention. We also assessed learner and faculty acceptability.ResultsDevelopment and implementation of the Milestones Passport required 10 hours of program coordinator time, 120 hours of software developer time, and 20 hours of faculty time. Twenty-eight residents and 34 faculty members generated 257 Milestones Passport feedback encounters. Most residents and faculty reported that the encounters required fewer than 5 minutes to complete, and 48% (12 of 25) of the residents and 68% (19 of 28) of faculty reported satisfaction with the Milestones Passport intervention. Faculty satisfaction with overall feedback in the ED improved after the intervention (93% versus 54%, P  =  .003), whereas resident satisfaction with feedback did not change significantly.ConclusionsThe Milestones Passport feedback intervention was feasible and acceptable to users; however, learner satisfaction with the Milestone assessment in the ED was modest.
Early Russian Autobiography: Old Texts, New Readings
Authors: Zaretskiy Yury 
Published: June 2014

The article discusses research perspectives in the study of Russian pre-modern first-person writings that are commonly called autobiographies. Its first part starts with definitions of what is “early russian” and “autobiographical,” briefly introduces six texts, gives a condensed review of the approaches to the study of these texts by literary and cultural historians from 1950s to the present, and concludes with suggestion of some new perspectives to their analysis. The article argues that re-questioning of early Russian autobiographical writings is prompted by some recent important changes in the humanities and social sciences and by some insights from historians and literary scholars who study first- person texts of the Western tradition. The second part of the article is a case- study that examines one autobiographical text, The Life (Zhitie) of monk Epifanii (? – 1682) and focuses on one topic: representation of the hero/author’s pain and healing. The analysis of this representation is conducted in relation to concrete social and political contexts of the text. The study concludes that con- textualizing pre-modern first-person narratives as social activities embedded in historically specific reality helps in better understanding of their meanings. Abstract in RussianРанняя русская автобиография: Старые тексты, новые прочтения В статье рассматриваются перспективы изучения древнерусских сочинений от первого лица, которые обычно называют автобиографиями. Ее первая часть начинается с определения понятий «древнерусские» и «автобиографические» затем дает краткие характеристики шести текстов, содержит сжатый обзор подходов к изучению этих текстов историками литературы и культуры с 1950-х гг. по настоящее время и завершается предложением возможных новых направлений их исследований. В статье утверждается, что новые вопросы к древнерусским автобиогра-фическим сочинениям диктуются недавними важными переменами в социальных и гуманитарных науках, а также результатами, полученными историками и литературоведами, изучающими сочинения от первого лица в западноевропейской традиции. Вторая часть статьи представляет собой кейс-стади, рассматри-вающий один текст, «Житие» инока Епифания (? – 1682), и сосредотачивающий внимание на одной теме: репрезентациях героем/автором боли и исцеления. Анализ этих репрезентаций осуществляется в связи с конкретными социальными иполитическими контекстами появления сочинения Епифания. Этот анализ приводит к заключению о том, что контекстуализация ранних рассказов от первого лица как социальных действий, укорененных в исторически обусловленной действительности, способствует лучшему пониманию их смыслов.
Writing Science before the Greeks: A Naturalistic Analysis of the Babylonian Astronomical Treatise MUL.APIN. By Rita Watson and Wayne Horowitz
Authors: Steele John M. 
Published: June 2014

Writing Science before the Greeks: A Naturalistic Analysis of the Babylonian Astronomical Treatise MUL.APIN. By Rita Watson and Wayne Horowitz. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, vol. 48. Leiden: Brill, 2011. Pp. xxvi + 222. $137.
Predictors of Response to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Patients With Tinnitus
Authors: Mueller Lauren , Kallogjeri Dorina , Frumkin Madelyn R. , Dizdar Karmela , Shin Jin , Rodebaugh Thomas , Piccirillo Jay F. 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceClinical guidelines recommend cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a treatment for tinnitus. However, patient response to CBT is variable, and currently, there are no known predictors of response to CBT treatment for tinnitus.ObjectiveTo identify the clinical predictors of patient response to CBT for treatment of tinnitus.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a secondary cohort analysis of a single-arm clinical study including adults with chronic bothersome tinnitus recruited from Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis (Missouri) from September 2019 to February 2023. Participants completed an 8-week group CBT program with a licensed clinical psychologist. Each week consisted of 2.5 hours of CBT, amounting to 20 hours of total CBT participation, primarily delivered through a virtual platform. Conjunctive consolidation was used to create a predictive classification system for response to CBT based on tinnitus bother and anxiety levels.Main Outcome and MeasureResponse to CBT was predefined as a 13-point or greater decrease in the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) survey score.ResultsThe study sample included 88 adult patients (median [IQR] age, 59 [49-66] years; 47 [53%] females and 41 [47%] males) with chronic bothersome tinnitus, of whom 53 (60%) had at least 13-point decrease in TFI and were considered to be responders. In univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses, high to moderate anxiety level and severe tinnitus bother were associated with treatment response (adjusted odds ratio: anxiety, 3.33; 95% CI, 0.90-12.30; tinnitus bother, 12.08; 95% CI, 1.48-98.35). The clinical stratification system showed good predictive and discriminative ability (χ2 for linear trend = 20.0; C statistic = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.65-0.85).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this study show that assessment of bother and anxiety levels in patients with tinnitus may be useful for identifying those who are more likely to respond to CBT. Before incorporation into clinical practice, future research should externally validate this finding in a separate population.
Synthesis of Diethyl (1‐Diazo‐2‐oxopropyl)phosphonate
Authors: Varongchayakul Cholapat , Danheiser Rick L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents the procedure for synthesis of Diethyl (1‐Diazo‐2‐oxopropyl)phosphonate. Diethyl and dimethyl (1‐diazo‐2‐oxopropyl)phosphonate are versatile building blocks for organic synthesis. These diazo compounds react via dipolar cycloaddition and other pathways to provide access to diverse classes of nitrogen heterocycles including phosphoryl substituted pyrazoles, triazolines, oxazoles, and thiazoles. Although commercially available, both diethyl and dimethyl (1‐diazo‐2‐oxopropyl)phosphonate are relatively expensive and so many labs opt to prepare the reagents which can then be stored indefinitely for use in the Ohira‐Bestmann homologation and other reactions. Several groups have reported the application of diazo transfer to dialkyl (2‐oxopropyl)phosphonate as an efficient method for the preparation of the “Ohira‐Bestmann reagents”. In addition, the sulfonamide byproduct formed in the reaction of the sulfonyl azide can be separated by filtration, simplifying the purification of the diazo product by chromatography.