bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade Module, MKK3-MPK6 and MYC2, Is Involved in Blue Light-Mediated Seedling Development in Arabidopsis
Authors: Sethi Vishmita , Raghuram Badmi , Sinha Alok Krishna , Chattopadhyay Sudip 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are involved in several signal transduction processes in eukaryotes. Light signal transduction pathways have been extensively studied in plants; however, the connection between MAPK and light signaling pathways is currently unknown. Here, we show that MKK3-MPK6 is activated by blue light in a MYC2-dependent manner. MPK6 physically interacts with and phosphorylates a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, MYC2, and is phosphorylated by a MAPK kinase, MKK3. Furthermore, MYC2 binds to the MPK6 promoter and regulates its expression in a feedback regulatory mechanism in blue light signaling. We present mutational and physiological studies that illustrate the function of the MKK3-MPK6-MYC2 module in Arabidopsis thaliana seedling development and provide a revised mechanistic view of photomorphogenesis.
“Is ‘junk food’ an ‘healthy’ concept?” the challenges of the current debate
Authors: Finardi Corrado , Tognon Gianluca 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– The term “junk food” is for the most part currently used in the widest political and media debate, without reference to something tangible. The purpose of this paper is to pinpoint the delicate issues involved in moving towards a trans-national, unified, consensual definition of the term “junk food”, including social, economic, cultural, nutritional and methodological problems.Design/methodology/approach– Departing from the work done by international bodies (WHO, FAO-Codex Alimentarius, OECD, EFSA and European Commission) authors descriptively investigate possible background elements able to frame the surrounding debate about “junk food” (“nutrient profiles”, labelling provisions, institutional aspects, etc.).Findings– Presently there is a lack of a global consensus and of scientific basis to define clearly what constitutes “junk food” either on regional areas or globally. Despite of good metrics able to classify foods according to their nutritional quality, policy making relies yet on the concept that only diets or single nutrients can be focused as “good or bad”.Practical implications– A “junk food” taxonomy could be helpful to harmonize trade policies in internal markets (i.e. the EU) and at global level; but also to gain a wider social support for “hard” policy measures intending to counteract non-communicable-diseases (NCDs), and more generally, obesity and overweight.Social implications– A clear basis for “junk food” definition could be the first step to introduce otherwise controversial and easily opposable public health policies and campaigns, due to private interests of the different stakeholders. Even consumers may perceive food policies (in the sake of “food taxes” or “traffic light labelling”) as unfair, whereas not robust scientific ground has been previously given at the highest possible level.Originality/value– The value of this descriptive paper consists in addressing the shortcomings of global and regional nutritional policies framework in front of the emerging trend of “globesity”. Conclusions stress the need to find support for broader food policies (labelling, taxes, education, bans, etc.) which currently are on the rise but lack fundamental aspects of scientific and hence social support.
Social production in a collectivist culture
Authors: Uppalury Suma , Bhaskar Racherla Kumar 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to study the relationship between structure and agency of Indian women executives in the area of work-life balance in a developing and globalized context. It examines social production in a collectivist culture.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach is qualitative and interpretative. Semi-structured interviews of 105 senior women executives from major metropolitan cities in India (Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai) form the rich data for this research. It uses sociological theories of McNay and Bourdieu to discuss the narratives of women executives.

Findings
– The agency of women executives in India is influenced by cultural meta-narratives of marriage and motherhood. They experience conflict in the home front and less at the work place. Their negotiations with their structures reveal a nuanced agency wherein they try to fit cultural roles and also seek self fulfillment in a career.

Research limitations/implications
– First, it includes women executives only from the corporate sector. Second, opinions expressed by women executives alone have been taken for this study and is not cross-validated by opinions of others. This study is also limited to socio-cultural roles and expectations from women executives. Other variables that affect agency are not examined.

Practical implications
– This study contributes to the understanding of how women executives, who have a greater agency, negotiate their structural constraints and how these actions contribute to social production.

Social implications
– It studies the societal impact of the agency of women executives in India.

Originality/value
– The study provides a theoretical insight into structure and agency of women executives in India and thus adds an Indian perspective to the gender discourse.
Branding George Town world heritage site as city of gastronomy: prospects of creative cities strategy in Penang
Authors: Suet Leng Khoo , Badarulzaman Nurwati 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to discuss the prevalent trends of exploiting cultural capital such as gastronomic legacy to ignite redevelopment of contemporary cities as illustrated in the city of George Town, Penang, Malaysia. In the twenty-first century, cities are transforming to be creative cities as they compete globally on the basis of their respective city branding, image and identity, as well as cultural capital assets. The emerging importance of cultural capital complements the realms of politics, economics and built environment in creating sustainable urban structure and ecosystem.Design/methodology/approach– In line with UNESCO’s creative cities network flagship, this paper showcases George Town’s potentials in propagating its gastronomic appeals as a strategic urban asset to regenerate the urban economy.Findings– This paper postulates branding George Town World Heritage Site as a creative city under the theme of “City of Gastronomy” would successfully capture the city’s gastronomic prowess, image and identity at the global scene.Originality/value– Given that research in “culture and urban planning” is still at its infancy and largely absent in the Malaysian context, this study aims to fill that research gap and contributes towards existing scholarship. The findings from this test bed study will benefit key stakeholders, especially urban policymakers (i.e. Local Council, State Government and Federal Government) towards reforming and revolutionising contemporary urban policies towards sustainable development.
The attractiveness of tourist night markets in Taiwan – a supply-side view
Authors: Chuang Yi-Fei , Hwang Shiuh-Nan , Wong Jehn-Yih , Chen Chun-Der 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this study is to explore the attractiveness of tourist night markets by looking at the dual nature of retail service and tourism from a supply-side perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors conducted field observations to understand the offerings at night markets and used content analysis to explore the attributes of vendors who operate there.

Findings
– The research reveals that the attractiveness of night markets derives from the diversity of service contents and local food, affordable consumption (the lowest unit prices, with products under US$3.3 comprising approximately 70 per cent of those offered), temple festivals and the various service attributes of vendors. These night market features generate physical perceptions and personnel perceptions among tourists. Vendor service attributes include performance, empathy, responsiveness and courtesy. Unique and interesting performances comprise a special attribute of night markets that differ from other service industries.

Practical implications
– The results provide information on how tourism officials can promote night markets as tourist destinations and what kinds of vendor service attributes please tourists the most.

Originality/value
– This study expands on the literature that discusses perceptual attributes to tourist street markets by exploring the service contents of these markets and by identifying the service attributes of vendors.
Variables influencing preferences for stocks (high risk investment) vis-à-vis fixed deposits (low-risk investment)
Authors: Arora Sangeeta , Marwaha Kanika 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The paper, an exploratory attempt, aims to analyze the perception of individual investors of stock market of Punjab towards investing in stocks vis-à-vis fixed deposits. For the purpose, the most and least influencing variables affecting the decisions of individual stock investors to invest in stocks and fixed deposits were gauged and the comparison for such variables influencing their preferences was conducted.

Design/methodology/approach
– A pre-tested, well-structured questionnaire which was administered personally and the responses of 241 respondents were analyzed. The responses have been analyzed with the help of weighted average scores method used to identify the most and least influencing variables and paired sample t-test is applied to the data to identify if there exists any significant difference in the variables influencing the investment preferences for stocks (high-risk investment) vis-à-vis fixed deposits (low- and medium-risk investment).

Findings
– High returns was found as the most important variable while investing in stocks and stability of income as the most important variable while investing in fixed deposits. Religious reason is the only variable found as the least influencing variable for individual investors in Punjab while investing in both avenues, i.e. stocks and fixed deposits. Statistically significant difference exists in perception of individual investors for 22 variables towards the preference for stocks vis-à-vis fixed deposits.

Practical implications
– The current research will be helpful for financial service providers in understanding the investment preferences of the individual stock investors on the basis of variables influencing such preferences and suggest them investment options as per their perceptions and needs.

Originality/value
– This paper is a first of its kind to empirically compare the variables influencing the preferences for high-risk investments vis-à-vis low-risk investments of individual investors of Punjab, India and contributes to the understanding of the investor behaviour.
Ten questions about terminology for children with unexplained language problems
Authors: Bishop D. V. M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundIn domains other than language, there is fairly consistent diagnostic terminology to refer to children's developmental difficulties. For instance, the terms ‘dyslexia’, ‘attention deficit hyperactivity disorder’ and ‘autistic spectrum disorder’ are used for difficulties with reading, attention or social cognition, respectively. There is no agreed label, however, for children with unexplained language problems.AimsTo consider whether we need labels for unexplained language problems in children, and if so, what terminology is appropriate.Main ContributionThere are both advantages and disadvantages to labels, but they are important to ensure children receive services, and to increase our knowledge of the nature and causes of such problems. A survey of labels in current use found 132 different terms, 33 of which had 600 or more returns on Google Scholar between 1994 and 2013. Many of these labels were too general to be useful. Of the remainder, the term ‘specific language impairment’ was the most commonly used.ConclusionsThe current mayhem in diagnostic labels is unsustainable; it causes confusion and impedes research progress and access to appropriate services. We need to achieve consensus on diagnostic criteria and terminology. The DSM‐5 term ‘language disorder’ is problematic because it identifies too wide a range of conditions on an internet search. One solution is to retain specific language impairment, with the understanding that ‘specific’ means idiopathic (i.e., of unknown origin) rather than implying there are no other problems beyond language. Other options are the terms ‘primary language impairment’, ‘developmental language disorder’ or ‘language learning impairment’.
Specific language impairment: a convenient label for whom?
Authors: Reilly Sheena , Tomblin Bruce , Law James , McKean Cristina , Mensah Fiona K. , Morgan Angela , Goldfeld Sharon , Nicholson Jan M. , Wake Melissa 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe term ‘specific language impairment’ (SLI), in use since the 1980s, describes children with language impairment whose cognitive skills are within normal limits where there is no identifiable reason for the language impairment. SLI is determined by applying exclusionary criteria, so that it is defined by what it is not rather than by what it is. The recent decision to not include SLI in DSM‐5 provoked much debate and concern from researchers and clinicians.AimsTo explore how the term ‘specific language impairment’ emerged, to consider how disorders, including SLI, are generally defined and to explore how societal changes might impact on use the term.Methods & ProceduresWe reviewed the literature to explore the origins of the term ‘specific language impairment’ and present published evidence, as well as new analyses of population data, to explore the validity of continuing to use the term.Outcomes & Results and Conclusions & ImplicationsWe support the decision to exclude the term ‘specific language impairment’ from DSM‐5 and conclude that the term has been a convenient label for researchers, but that the current classification is unacceptably arbitrary. Furthermore, we argue there is no empirical evidence to support the continued use of the term SLI and limited evidence that it has provided any real benefits for children and their families. In fact, the term may be disadvantageous to some due to the use of exclusionary criteria to determine eligibility for and access to speech pathology services. We propose the following recommendations. First, that the word ‘specific’ be removed and the label ‘language impairment’ be used. Second, that the exclusionary criteria be relaxed and in their place inclusionary criteria be adopted that take into account the fluid nature of language development particularly in the preschool period. Building on the goodwill and collaborations between the clinical and research communities we propose the establishment of an international consensus panel to develop an agreed definition and set of criteria for language impairment. Given the rich data now available in population studies it is possible to test the validity of these definitions and criteria. Consultation with service users and policy‐makers should be incorporated into the decision‐making process.
Etiology, clinical features and management of acute recurrent pancreatitis
Authors: Deng Yi Yun , Wang Rui , Wu Hao , Tang Cheng Wei , Chen Xin Zu 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveTo study the etiology and clinical features of acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) and to determine its optimal management and outcomes.MethodsARP cases among acute pancreatitis patients who were admitted to the West China Hospital, Sichuan University from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrospectively collected. Their etiology, clinical features, treatments and outcomes were analyzed.ResultsOf all pancreatitis patients, 8.9% were classified as ARP. The proportions of mild and severe diseases were 85.7% and 14.3%, respectively. The common etiological factors were biliogenic (31.0%), alcohol (26.2%), hyperlipidemia (21.4%) and pancreaticobiliary malformation (15.4%). At first 46 cases were cryptogenic and among them 36 were subsequently confirmed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Among the hyperlipidemic ARP patients, 72.2% failed to routinely monitor and control serum lipids. ERCP was performed in 88 cases, and 48 also required an endoscopic sphincterotomy or calculus removal. Twenty‐two patients underwent cholangiopancreatic duct stent placement, and pancreatic necrosectomy was performed on eight severe cases. The overall outcomes indicate that 8.3% of the cases progressed to chronic pancreatitis and 33.3% of the cases receiving etiological treatment were recurrence‐free. There were no deaths in this study.ConclusionsThe etiological factors of ARP are similar to those of acute pancreatitis at the first attack. The management of ARP should be fully considered based on etiological investigation.
What is the impact of longitudinal rural medical student clerkships on clinical supervisors and hospitals?
Authors: Connolly Marnie , Sweet Linda , Campbell David 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveStudies have investigated the impact of medical students undertaking longitudinal clerkships in General Practices; however, little is known about the impact of students' longitudinal clerkships on clinical supervisors in the hospital environment. This research aimed to explore the educational impacts and benefits gained from supervisory responsibilities in a rural hospital context.DesignWe assessed the impact of longitudinal clerkships using individual and group‐structured interviews. The responses were thematically analysed by the researchers.SettingTwo rural hospitals in Victoria, Australia.ParticipantsFifteen senior medical and nursing staff at two rural hospitals who supervised year four medical students in a longitudinal clinical program.ResultsThematic analysis identified three major themes: changes to the supervisor, change in the hospital learning culture and student usefulness.Doctors and nurses who undertook student supervisory responsibilities reported a sense of personal change, including increased reflective practice, improved value of professional identity and increased enthusiasm for interprofessional learning. Supervisors updated their clinical skills and became proactive in seeking out learning opportunities for students. Hospitals became more vibrant learning environments and interprofessional education enhanced teamwork. Patient care increased, knowledge gaps filled and hospital governance, policy and procedures challenged.ConclusionThe benefits of longitudinal clerkship in the rural hospital setting provided symbiotic relationships between hospitals, students, patients and educations provider. The interprofessional approach towards clinical supervision enhanced supervisor learning and generated an understanding among professional groups of each other's clinical skills, roles and values, and raised an awareness of the importance of working collaboratively for better patient outcomes and addressing future workforce shortages.
Undergraduate physiotherapy students' expectations and perceptions of rural/regional clinical placements
Authors: White Sarah , Humphreys Nicole 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo explore undergraduate physiotherapy students' expectations and preconceptions of undertaking a rural/regional clinical placement and determine if these preconceptions differ between regional and metropolitan‐based students.DesignData was collected via focus groups and analysed via thematic analysis of emerging themes.SettingAll focus groups were undertaken in tutorial rooms at the participating universities between classes at a time convenient to participants.ParticipantsUndergraduate physiotherapy students yet to complete a major clinical placement were invited to participate. Second year physiotherapy students from regional and metropolitan universities were recruited to form focus groups, allowing comparison between the two groups. Four metropolitan students and nine regional students made up the sample size.ResultsThree major themes were identified via thematic analysis of transcripts; socio‐cultural factors, education and professional factors. The significance of socio‐cultural factors was far beyond what was expected to be found. Regional students did not generally have a more accurate perspective of rural/regional placement and voiced more concerns about missing out on educational opportunities.ConclusionsRural/regional clinical educators need to be mindful of creating quality experiences with caseloads appropriate for the specific placement's requirements. The impact of external socio‐cultural factors must be acknowledged. Supervision strategies must be put in place to ensure students on rural/regional clinical placements are well supported to achieve a successful outcome for student and educator.
Immunotherapy using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Zhou F , Ciric B , Zhang G-X , Rostami A 
Published: August 2014

Summary
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced by Gram-negative bacteria induces tolerance and suppresses inflammatory responses in vivo; however, the mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study we show that LPS induces apoptosis of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and modulates phenotypes of DCs. LPS treatment up-regulates expression of tolerance-associated molecules such as CD205 and galectin-1, but down-regulates expression of Gr-1 and B220 on CD11c+ DCs. Moreover, LPS treatment regulates the numbers of CD11c+ CD8+, CD11c+ CD11blow and CD11c+ CD11bhi DCs, which perform different immune functions in vivo. Our data also demonstrated that intravenous transfer of LPS-treated DCs blocks experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) development and down-regulates expression of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma t (ROR-γt), interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22 and interferon (IFN)-γ in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-primed CD4+ T cells in the peripheral environment. These results suggest that LPS-induced apoptotic DCs may lead to generation of tolerogenic DCs and suppress the activity of MOG-stimulated effector CD4+ T cells, thus inhibiting the development of EAE in vivo. Our results imply a potential mechanism of LPS-induced tolerance mediated by DCs and the possible use of LPS-induced apoptotic DCs to treat autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis.