bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel screw guiding method with a screw guide template system for posterior C-2 fixation
Authors: Kaneyama Shuichi , Sugawara Taku , Sumi Masatoshi , Higashiyama Naoki , Takabatake Masato , Mizoi Kazuo 
Published: May 2014

Object
Accurate insertion of C-2 cervical screws is imperative; however, the procedures for C-2 screw insertion are technically demanding and challenging, especially in cases of C-2 vertebral abnormality. The purpose of this study is to report the effectiveness of the tailor-made screw guide template (SGT) system for placement of C-2 screws, including in cases with abnormalities.

Methods
Twenty-three patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion surgery with C-2 cervical screw insertion using the SGT system were included. The preoperative bone image on CT was analyzed using multiplanar imaging software. The trajectory and depth of the screws were designed based on these images, and transparent templates with screw guiding cylinders were created for each lamina. During the operation, after templates were engaged directly to the laminae, drilling, tapping, and screwing were performed through the templates. The authors placed 26 pedicle screws, 12 pars screws, 6 laminar screws, and 4 C1–2 transarticular screws using the SGT system. To assess the accuracy of the screw track under this system, the deviation of the screw axis from the preplanned trajectory was evaluated on postoperative CT and was classified as follows: Class 1 (accurate), a screw axis deviation less than 2 mm from the planned trajectory; Class 2 (inaccurate), 2 mm or more but less than 4 mm; and Class 3 (deviated), 4 mm or more. In addition, to assess the safety of the screw insertion, malpositioning of the screws was also evaluated using the following grading system: Grade 0 (containing), a screw is completely within the wall of the bone structure; Grade 1 (exposure), a screw perforates the wall of the bone structure but more than 50% of the screw diameter remains within the bone; Grade 2 (perforation), a screw perforates the bone structures and more than 50% of the screw diameter is outside the pedicle; and Grade 3 (penetration), a screw perforates completely outside the bone structure.

Results
In total, 47 (97.9%) of 48 screws were classified into Class 1 and Grade 0, whereas 1 laminar screw was classified as Class 3 and Grade 2. Mean screw deviations were 0.36 mm in the axial plane (range 0.0–3.8 mm) and 0.30 mm in the sagittal plane (range 0.0–0.8 mm).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that the SGT system provided extremely accurate C-2 cervical screw insertion without configuration of reference points, high-dose radiation from intraoperative 3D navigation, or any registration or probing error evoked by changes in spinal alignment during surgery. A multistep screw placement technique and reliable screw guide cylinders were the key to accurate screw placement using the SGT system.
Longterm Safety, Efficacy, and Inhibition of Structural Damage Progression Over 5 Years of Treatment with Abatacept in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Abatacept in Inadequate Responders to Methotrexate Trial
Authors: Kremer Joel M. , Peterfy Charles , Russell Anthony S. , Emery Paul , Abud-Mendoza Carlos , Sibilia Jean , Becker Jean-Claude , Westhovens Rene , Genant Harry K. 
Published: May 2014

Objective.Evaluate the safety and efficacy of longterm abatacept (ABA) treatment over 5 years in methotrexate (MTX)-refractory patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Patients from the 1-year, double-blind Abatacept in Inadequate Responders to Methotrexate (AIM) study (NCT00048568) received open-label ABA (∼10 mg/kg) in the longterm extension (LTE). Safety was assessed for patients who received ≥ 1 ABA dose, and efficacy for patients randomized to ABA and treated in the LTE. Radiographs were evaluated for changes in Genant-modified Sharp scores.Results.Out of 652 patients, 539 entered the LTE (ABA, n = 378; placebo, n = 161). At Year 5, 72.4% were ongoing; discontinuation rates declined over time. Incidence rates of serious adverse events, serious infections, malignancies, and autoimmune events were 13.87, 2.84, 1.45, and 0.99 events/100 patient-years exposure, respectively. American College of Rheumatology 20 response was 82.3% (n = 373) and 83.6% (n = 268) at years 1 and 5, respectively. Disease Activity Score 28 C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) < 2.6 and ≤ 3.2 were achieved by 25.4% and 44.1% of patients at Year 1 (n = 370), and 33.7% and 54.7% at Year 5 (n = 267), respectively. Mean changes in DAS28-CRP and Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index at Year 1 [–2.83 (n = 365) and −0.68 (n = 369)] were maintained at Year 5 [−3.14 (n = 264) and −0.77 (n = 271)] for patients continuing treatment. Of them, 59.5% (n = 291) and 45.1% (n = 235) remained free from radiographic progression at years 1 and 5, respectively.Conclusion.In MTX-refractory patients with RA, longterm ABA treatment was well tolerated and provided consistent safety and sustained efficacy, with high patient retention. Radiographic progression continued to be inhibited with ongoing treatment.
Comparison of Labial Minor Salivary Gland Biopsies from Childhood Sjögren Syndrome and Age-matched Controls
Authors: Yokogawa Naoto , Lieberman Scott M. , Alawi Faizan , Bout-Tabaku Sharon , Guttenberg Marta , Sherry David D. , Vivino Frederick B. 
Published: May 2014

Objective.To determine an appropriate focus score cutoff for childhood Sjögren syndrome (SS).Methods.Labial salivary gland tissue from specimens from children with SS and age-matched controls was retrospectively identified and reviewed by a blinded oral pathologist.Results.The presence of any focal sialadenitis (focus score > 0 foci/4 mm2) was common among childhood SS samples but present in only 1 of 8 control samples.Conclusion.The presence of any focal lymphocytic sialadenitis in minor labial salivary gland tissue is suggestive of childhood SS and should be included in future childhood SS-specific diagnostic or classification criteria.
Jeunes incarcérés en cellules individuelles. De la totalitarisation de l'expérience à l'utopie disciplinaire ?
Authors: Scheer David 
Published: April 2014

Cette contribution vise à comprendre l’expérience de détention des mineurs détenus en Établissements Pénitentiaires pour Mineurs (EPM). Les expériences carcérales seront ici approchées par l’espace d’un lieu particulier : la cellule, au travers d’une méthodologie mêlant observations, entretiens et dessins de jeunes détenus. Une lecture de l’ouvrage Asiles de Goffman sera également l’occasion d’interroger la dimension spatiale de toute vie recluse.	Enfin, il s’agira de montrer, en nous centrant uniquement sur l’expérience cellulaire, comment les EPM proposent, ou pas, une « nouvelle » manière d’enfermer ; et par conséquent permettent d’interroger une mutation – qui n’en est pas vraiment une – de l’institution pénitentiaire.
La Provence, terre de violence ?
Authors: Mucchielli Laurent , Raquet Émilie , Saladino Claire , Raffin Valérie 
Published: April 2014

À en croire les agendas politique et médiatique, la région provençale connaîtrait des problèmes de « violence » exceptionnels. Cet article soumet cette représentation à l’épreuve de la vérification statistique. Après avoir examiné les données policières disponibles, les auteurs mobilisent les enquêtes en population générale pour comparer la région provençale au reste de la France puis à la région francilienne. Les résultats sont contrastés : les trois ensembles – la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA), la région Île-de-France (IDF) et la France métropolitaine – présentent des taux différents selon les victimations. Mais dans tous les cas, les victimations qui correspondent le plus à l’idée de « violence », c’est-à-dire d’atteintes à l’intégrité physique (agressions physiques, vols avec violence), ne spécifient pas la région PACA. Les données permettent par ailleurs de mesurer le poids de certains facteurs structurels tels que la densité urbaine et la précarité socio-économique. Fort de ces résultats, les auteurs concluent en critiquant les approches culturalistes en sociologie.
Les préparations de cours : apprendre à écrire, écrire pour faire apprendre
Authors: Scheepers Caroline 
Published: April 2014

Cette contribution se penche sur les préparations de cours rédigées par de futurs enseignants. Par « préparations de cours », il faut ici entendre l’outil sémiotique par lequel le stagiaire anticipe et met par écrit son intervention dans la classe de stage. Cet outil sémiotique réunit généralement des traces écrites hétérogènes (fiche administrative, révision des savoirs abordés, développement méthodologique, documents destinés aux élèves...). Trois questions de recherche sous-tendent l’étude. Primo, quelles postures peut-on cerner dans les préparations de cours mises au point par les stagiaires ? Secundo, que nous donnent à voir les préparations de leçons expressément dévolues à l’enseignement-apprentissage de l’écriture ? Tertio, comment le formateur d’enseignants peut-il accompagner efficacement l’écriture de préparations adéquates auprès des futurs enseignants qui lui sont confiés ? Les réponses avancées se fondent sur un corpus de plusieurs centaines de préparations, dont les auteurs sont de futurs professeurs des écoles, du collège ou du lycée.
Les outils scripturaux des enseignants de français langue première et langue seconde
Authors: Hamez Marie-Pascale 
Published: April 2014

En classe, pour construire les significations des objets d’enseignement, les interactions entre les participants (enseignants, élèves) s’organisent autour d’actions conjointes qui utilisent des outils concrets employés au bénéfice des processus d’enseignement et d’apprentissage (représentations picturales, vidéo, cédéroms...) et des outils sémiotiques propres à la discipline enseignée (textes de référence, tableaux de conjugaison, etc.). En classe de français, des écrits réalisés par les enseignants constituent des ressources sémiotiques qui prennent sens en situation didactique en focalisant l’attention des élèves sur certaines propriétés des objets d’enseignement. L’étude s’intéresse à ces outils scripturaux employés, lors d’activités de production écrite, par des professeurs de français langue première exerçant en Sixième et par des professeurs de français langue seconde exerçant en collège, en unité pédagogique pour élèves allophones arrivants (UPE2A). Il s’agit de tenter de mieux connaitre des pratiques d’enseignement du même objet, en l’occurrence la production écrite en langue française, dans deux contextes d’enseignement différents. Ces contextes impliquent chez les enseignants diverses formations, socialisations, influences et références professionnelles susceptibles d’orienter leur travail, en classe, pendant les phases d’interaction. Quels usages font-ils de l’écriture en classe pour accompagner leurs élèves lors d’activités de production écrite ? La méthodologie adoptée repose sur une enquête par questionnaire (84 documents complétés par des professeurs de français exerçant en Sixième et 25 par des professeurs de français langue seconde exerçant en UPE2A). L’analyse des réponses obtenues permet de dégager des invariants et des grandes tendances au sein des deux contextes d’enseignement : Sixième et UPE2A. Sont examinées en particulier les déclarations portant sur i) la teneur et le rôle des annotations professorales et ii) l’utilisation d’outils structurants : grilles de lecture, d’évaluation, fiches-outils...
Former les futurs enseignants du Québec à écrire et à enseigner l'écriture
Authors: Lord Marie-Andrée , Sauvaire Marion 
Published: April 2014

L’enseignement de l’écriture occupe une place centrale dans la discipline « français », le développement des compétences langagières écrites constituant l’une des missions fondamentales de l’école. Pour que cette tâche soit assumée avec compétence, la formation initiale des enseignants devrait reposer à la fois sur le développement de leurs compétences en écriture et sur l’appropriation de connaissances sur l’écriture. Cet article présente un dispositif didactique ayant cette double visée : la formation à l’écriture et celle à l’enseignement de l’écriture. Le dispositif est utilisé dans des cours de didactique de l’écriture offerts en formation initiale à l’enseignement du français dans une université québécoise. Il a été adapté au fil des ans dans le but d’articuler l’enseignement de savoirs sur l’écriture avec des pratiques permettant de développer les habiletés des futurs enseignants à planifier, produire, réviser et réécrire des textes de genres variés qu’ils auront à enseigner.
Les écritures intermédiaires réflexives en littératie avancée
Authors: Leblay Christophe 
Published: April 2014

La génétique textuelle propose une description linguistique de l’écriture comme processus s’inscrivant autant dans la dimension spatiale de la page ou de l’écran que dans la dimension temporelle c’est-à-dire dans l’avant d’un texte qui sera finalement stabilisé. Un tel choix s’appuie sur le présupposé méthodologique selon lequel le produit ne peut qu’être l’image illusoire de la production. Ainsi, bien avant de prendre en compte le seul produit, il convient de considérer les écritures qui le précèdent. Il est demandé à des apprenants scripteurs, futurs enseignants et/ou futurs rédacteurs-traducteurs, de produire des écrits intermédiaires entre les énoncés-consignes (textes sources) et l’écrit final qu’ils doivent produire (textes cibles). Le corpus, composés de 40 carnets d’apprentissage (en français ou en finnois) enregistrés sur un environnement numérique de travail, a été produit en accompagnement à des écritures professionnelles. Ce travail d’écriture intermédiaire offre aux scripteurs un temps imposé pour revenir et considérer autrement leurs propres écritures en mettant en relation l’expérience de chacun d’entre eux et les réflexions/lectures théoriques attendues. Il s’agit bien de montrer aux étudiants, lors de séances communes de feed-back, tirées de ces carnets d’apprentissage, en quoi la pensée réflexive est une vraie attente de la formation universitaire parce qu’elle permet une co-construction des pratiques d’écriture.
Spinal cord compression as initial presentation of metastatic occult follicular thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Khan Md Nuruzzaman , Sharfuzzaman AMSM , Mostafa Md Golam 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTMetastatic tumors are the most common tumors of the spine, accounting for 98% of all spine lesions. But spinal cord compression as the initial presentation of metastatic occult follicular carcinoma without any thyroid enlargement is unusual and relatively rare. This report describes a 35-years-old female patient presenting with paraplegia and urinary incontinence for the last two months. She had no thyroid enlargement; no thyroid related symptoms and her biochemical thyroid profile was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of spine shows a huge mass compressing the spinal cord at D11-D12 involving both the spinal and paraspinal areas. The patient was treated by surgery and radioiodine ablation as the histopathology showed metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma. This case was reported because of the rarity of the disease. Early diagnosis and initiation of the treatment should promise a good prognosis for a patient with metastatic spinal cord compression.
The Association between Employee Obesity and Employer Costs: Evidence from a Panel of U.S. Employers
Authors: Van Nuys Karen , Globe Denise , Ng-Mak Daisy , Cheung Hoiwan , Sullivan Jeff , Goldman Dana 
Published: April 2014

Purpose. To estimate the employer costs associated with employee obesity. Design. The study used cross-sectional analysis of employee health-risk assessment, disability, workers' compensation, and medical claims data from 2006 to 2008. Setting. The study took place in the United States from 2006 to 2008. Subjects. A panel database with 29,699 employees drawn from a panel of employers and observed for 3 years each (N = 89,097) was used. Measures. Workdays lost owing to illness and disability; the cost of medical, short-term disability, and workers' compensation claims; and employees' adjusted body mass indices (BMI) were measured. Analysis. We model the number and probability of workdays lost from illness, short-term disability, and workers' compensation events; short-term disability and workers' compensation payments; and health care spending as a function of BMI. We estimate spline regression models and fit results using a third-degree fractional polynomial. Results. Probability of disability, workers' compensation claims, and number of days missed owing to any cause increase with BMI above 25, as do total employer costs. The probability of a short-term disability claim increases faster for employees with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes. Normal weight employees cost on average $3830 per year in covered medical, sick day, short-term disability, and workers' compensation claims combined; morbidly obese employees cost more than twice that amount, or $8067, in 2011 dollars. Conclusion. Obesity is associated with large employer costs from direct health care and insurance claims and indirect costs from lost productivity owing to workdays lost because of illness and disability.
Differential Expression Patterns of a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS) -1, -4, -5, and -14 in Human Placenta and Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases
Authors: Lee So-Young , Lee Hyang-Sin , Gil Minchan , Kim Chong Jai , Lee Yong-Hee , Kim Kyu-Rae , Park Chan-Sik 
Published: April 2014

Context.—The ability of intermediate trophoblasts to invade maternal tissue during placentation depends on how well they can degrade the extracellular matrix. Invasion into the extracellular matrix requires many complex proteases. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) is a novel family of secreted metalloproteinases. The ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and -14 subtypes are known to be expressed in human placenta, but little is understood about their expression patterns.Objective.—To examine the expression patterns of ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and -14 in specific human placenta cell types during gestation and in gestational trophoblastic diseases.Design.—Placental tissues were obtained from 25 pregnant women and 21 cases of gestational trophoblastic diseases (10 early complete moles, 3 placental site trophoblastic tumors, 4 invasive moles, and 4 choriocarcinomas). The expression of the 4 ADAMTS was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Results.—ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, and -14 were differentially expressed by the human placenta throughout gestation in a time-specific and cell type–specific manner, as well as in gestational trophoblastic diseases. ADAMTS-1 showed gradually strong staining intensity in gestational trophoblastic diseases according to the invasive potential but showed consistent strong intensity throughout normal placenta. ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 exhibited higher and restricted expression in first-trimester intermediate trophoblasts. They also exhibited comparably strong expression in gestational trophoblastic diseases. However, ADAMTS-14 expression remained unchanged throughout gestation.Conclusions.—The restricted expression pattern of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 and their increased expression in gestational trophoblastic diseases suggest that these 2 ADAMTS subtypes are associated with a biological phenotype of trophoblasts involved in human placentation and the development of gestational trophoblastic diseases.
The rate and role of diaphragmatic peritonectomy in optimal cytoreduction in patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer: a prospective study of 100 patients
Authors: Lūža Tomas , Ožalinskaitė Agnė , Rudaitis Vilius 
Published: April 2014

Background. Diaphragmatic peritoneal metastasis by advanced epi­thelial ovarian cancer is a very common holdback precluding optimal cytoreduction. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of dia­phragmatic peritonectomy during optimal cytoreductive surgery and its role in postoperative morbidity and survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
Materials and methods. 100 consecutive patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer underwent cytoreductive surgery and were followed up prospectively (January 2009 – March 2014). Characteristics of surgery, rate of diaphragmatic peritonectomy and post operative complications were assessed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.
Results. The median age of the entire cohort at the time of primary cytoreduction was 58.5 years (23–83). Optimal cytoreduction was achieved in 73 cases out of 100 patients. From 73 patients in 30 cases (41.1%) upper abdominal procedures, specifically diaphragmatic peritonectomy, was performed to achieve the main goal of cytoreduction – no visible or palbable disease at the end of cytoreduction. Non-optimal cytoreduction was achieved in 27 cases. According to the Clavien-Dindo complication grading system grade I and grade II complications occurred more often in patients that underwent diaphragmatic surgery. The median overall survival from the time of diagnosis to the last follow-up or death was 28 months (range 0–63 months). The factors associated with the longest survival after primary cytoreductive surgery were the disease free interval from the primary cytoreduction of more than 19 months (n = 51) versus less than 19 months (n = 49) (95% confidence interval, 51.7–59.5; P = 0.013) and no visible or palpable residual disease at the end of cytoreduction (n = 73) versus visible or palpable residual di­sease (n = 27) (95% confidence interval, 52.7–61.2; P = 0.03).
Conclusions. Based on our prospective analysis of advanced ovarian cancer patients, diaphragmatic peritonectomy is feasible and safe, ensures better rates of optimal cytoreduction and should not be an obstacle towards better survival.
Significance of urine albumin / creatinine ratio (UACR) and uric acid in women with preeclampsia and its comparison with healthy normotensive pregnant women in their third trimester
Authors: Sogani Sonal , Varma Vandana , Sarkar Purnima Dey 
Published: April 2014

Objective. To determine the significance of urine albumin / creatinine ratio (UACR) as to predict proteinuria in new-onset hypertension and uric acid in women with preeclampsia and its comparison with healthy normotensive pregnant women.
Methods. Healthy normotensive pregnant women (n = 45), women with preeclampsia (n = 36) were included in the study. The preeclamptic group was further divided into two subgroups: mild (n = 25) and severe preeclampsia (n = 11).
Results. Higher mean values of urine albumin / creatinine ratio (UACR) and uric acid were found in preeclamptic pregnant women (319.05 ± 247.56 mg/g, 5.98 ± 2.1 mg/dl) as compared to healthy normotensive pregnant women (22.15 ± 8.1 mg/g, 4.07 ± 0.91 mg/dl) in the third trimester with highly significant difference (p