bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term effectiveness of an ad hoc tailored titanium implant as a spacer for microvascular decompression in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia caused by megadolichoectatic basilar artery anomaly: 9-year follow-up
Authors: Banczerowski Péter , Czigléczki Gábor , Nyáry István 
Published: September 2014

An enlarged, elongated, ectatic, and sclerotic aberration of the vertebrobasilar system is known as a megadolichoectatic basilar artery (BA) anomaly. The anomaly is often involved in the pathological process of trigeminal neuralgia by compressing and distorting the trigeminal nerve. First-line medical treatment includes drug therapy, but a second-line surgical procedure could be effective in medication-resistant cases. The authors report the case of a 65-year-old man with a 12-year history of progressing trigeminal neuralgia who underwent microvascular decompression after the first-line drug treatment had failed. This case is unique because an in situ tailored titanium microplate was used as a spacer to alleviate compression by the BA on the trigeminal nerve. The titanium implant provided durable and sufficient retraction for the sclerotic arterial complex when the trigeminal nerve was placed in the tunnel of the implant.
The 9-year follow-up examination proves the safety and long-term efficacy of titanium implants in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia caused by a megadolichoectatic BA anomaly. The method applied in this case was not intended to be and certainly is not an alternative to routine microvascular decompression—this surgical solution may be reserved for some extreme cases.
A meta-analysis of spinal surgical site infection and vancomycin powder
Authors: Khan Nickalus R. , Thompson Clinton J. , DeCuypere Michael , Angotti Jonathan M. , Kalobwe Erick , Muhlbauer Michael S. , Camillo Francis X. , Klimo Paul 
Published: September 2014

Object
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a serious and costly complication of spinal surgery. There have been several conflicting reports on the use of intrawound vancomycin powder in decreasing SSI in spine surgery. The purpose of this study is to answer the question: “Does intrawound vancomycin powder reduce the rate of SSIs in spine surgery?”

Methods
A comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases and bibliographies was conducted to identify clinical studies that evaluated the rates of SSI with and without the use of intrawound vancomycin powder in spine surgery. Independent reviewers extracted data and graded the quality of each paper that met inclusion criteria. A random effects meta-analysis was then performed.

Results
The search identified 9 retrospective cohort studies (Level III evidence) and 1 randomized controlled trial (Level II evidence). There were 2574 cases and 106 infections in the control group (4.1%) and 2518 cases and 33 infections (1.3%) in the treatment group, yielding a pooled absolute risk reduction and relative risk reduction of 2.8% and 68%, respectively. The meta-analysis revealed the use of vancomycin powder to be protective in preventing SSI (relative risk = 0.34, 95% confidence interval 0.17–0.66, p = 0.021). The number needed to treat to prevent 1 SSI was 36. A subgroup analysis found that patients who had implants had a reduced risk of SSI with vancomycin powder (p = 0.023), compared with those who had noninstrumented spinal operations (p = 0.226).

Conclusions
This meta-analysis suggests that the use of vancomycin powder may be protective against SSI in open spinal surgery; however, the exact population in which it should be used is not clear. This benefit may be most appreciated in higher-risk populations or in facilities with a high baseline rate of infection.
Chaînes de référence dans les textes médiévaux non-narratifs : les Year Books ou l'élaboration d'une écriture juridique
Authors: Capin Daniéla 
Published: September 2014

Cette étude examine l’agencement des chaînes de référence dans des textes juridiques médiévaux du 13 e siècle, les textes de l’ Anglo-Norman Year Books Corpus . Après une présentation des spécificités du corpus tant sur le plan linguistique que textuel et une modélisation des différentes chaînes attestées (chaînes de référents humains ou non-humains), l’étude examine le fonctionnement de chaque catégorie. Une attention particulière est apportée à la distance inter-maillonnaire et au type de maillon manifeste à l’entrecroisement des chaînes. Ainsi, parallèlement à l’étude référentielle, sont signalés des phénomènes linguistiques spécifiques à l’anglo-normand. L’objectif de l’étude est de montrer que la composition des chaînes joue un rôle important dans la caractérisation des textes du domaine juridique ; elle cherche à évaluer l’impact des chaînes dans l’élaboration de l’écriture juridique, aussi bien médiévale que moderne.
Stability of Projection Methods for Incompressible Flows Using High Order Pressure-Velocity Pairs of Same Degree: Continuous and Discontinuous Galerkin Formulations
Authors: Ferrer E. , Moxey D. , Willden R. H. J. , Sherwin S. J. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis paper presents limits for stability of projection type schemes when using high order pressure-velocity pairs of same degree. Two high orderh/pvariational methods encompassing continuous and discontinuous Galerkin formulations are used to explain previously observed lower limits on the time step for projection type schemes to be stable [18], when h- or p-refinement strategies are considered. In addition, the analysis included in this work shows that these stability limits do not depend only on the time step but on the product of the latter and the kinematic viscosity, which is of particular importance in the study of high Reynolds number flows. We show that high order methods prove advantageous in stabilising the simulations when small time steps and low kinematic viscosities are used.Drawing upon this analysis, we demonstrate how the effects of this instability can be reduced in the discontinuous scheme by introducing a stabilisation term into the global system. Finally, we show that these lower limits are compatible with Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) type restrictions, given that a sufficiently high polynomial order or a mall enough mesh spacing is selected.
Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment (SBIRT), and Motivational Interviewing for PGY-1 Medical Residents
Authors: Agley Jon , Gassman Ruth A. , DeSalle Mallori , Vannerson Julie , Carlson Joan , Crabb David 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundScreening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for alcohol use in primary care—often using motivational interviewing (MI)—is an effective preventive service. Medical residency programs have begun offering training in these areas, but little research has been conducted to examine the impact of SBIRT/MI training length on residents' satisfaction, affect, and behavioral intentions.ObjectiveWe measured residents' satisfaction with their training in addition to variables shown in previous research to predict medical professionals' intention to perform SBIRT.MethodsThis study focused on 2 SBIRT/MI training structures: a 4- to 6-hour training using didactic, experiential, and interactive methods and a brief 1-hour session explaining the same principles in a noninteractive format. Immediately following each training intervention, participating residents from internal medicine (IM), pediatrics (PEDS), medicine-pediatrics (IM-PEDS), and emergency medicine (EM) programs completed a 22-item instrument derived from established questionnaires; responses to each item were dichotomized, and comparisons were conducted between the training groups using Fisher exact test.ResultsOf 80 participating residents, 59 IM, PEDS, and IM-PEDS residents completed the longer training, and 21 EM residents completed the shorter training. All participating residents reported high levels of satisfaction, although EM residents were comparatively less satisfied with their shorter training session.ConclusionsBoth SBIRT/MI training structures were feasible and were accepted by learners, although the 2 groups' perceptions of the training differed. Future research into the underlying causes of these differences may be useful to the application of SBIRT/MI training during residency.
L’original de la pétition montagnaise du 8 avril 1847
Authors: Frenette Jacques 
Published: September 2014

Dans cette note de recherche, l'auteur revient sur la requête montagnaise du 8 avril 1847, souvent présentée à tort comme étant du 8 mai 1847 ou du mois de janvier 1849, et il indique les raisons qui le font pencher en faveur de cette date de rédaction du 8 avril 1847. L'auteur traite également de ses autres versions, mieux connues des chercheurs, mais qui demeurent incomplètes en ce sens qu'elles ne contiennent pas les signatures des nombreux pétitionnaires. Il élabore aussi sur le contexte dans lequel la pétition fut écrite et transmise aux autorités. Il tente enfin de distinguer, parmi les demandes exprimées, les intentions réelles des Montagnais de celles de leurs missionnaires. En rendant disponible l'original de la pétition montagnaise du 8 avril 1847, l'auteur contribue à l'étude de l'histoire des Innus de la côte nord du Saint-Laurent et de leurs familles.
La presse comme tribune d’un discours d’autorité sur la langue : représentations et idéologies linguistiques dans la presse acadienne, de la fondation du Moniteur acadien aux Conventions nationales
Authors: Boudreau Annette , Urbain Émilie 
Published: September 2014

Dans notre contribution, nous nous intéressons au rôle de la presse – institution centrale dans le projet national acadien de la fin duxixesiècle – dans la construction et la diffusion d’un certain discours d’« autorité » sur la langue en Acadie des Maritimes. À partir de certains débats portant sur la langue française, nous étudions les idéologies linguistiques qui sous-tendent ces discours et participent aux entreprises de légitimation ou d’illégitimation des pratiques linguistiques, mais aussi des locuteurs. Nous nous interrogeons notamment sur la façon dont les ressources linguistiques sont construites en Acadie comme des ressources socioculturelles et politiques, en particulier en ce qui concerne les questions de norme linguistique, de statut de la langue et de valorisation ou de stigmatisation des spécificités linguistiques régionales.
Copper Catalysts for Selective CC Bond Cleavage of β‐O‐4 Lignin Model Compounds
Authors: Sedai Baburam , Baker R. Tom 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe reactivity of homogeneous copper catalysts towards the selective CC bond cleavage of both phenolic and non‐phenolic arylglycerol β‐aryl ether lignin model compounds has been explored. Several copper precursors, nitrogen ligands, and solvents were evaluated in order to optimize the catalyst system. Using the optimized catalyst system, copper(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate [Cu(OTf)]/L/TEMPO (L=2,6‐lutidine, TEMPO=2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐piperidin‐1‐yl‐oxyl), aerobic oxidation of the non‐phenolic β‐O‐4 lignin model compound proceeded with good selectivity for CαCβ bond cleavage, affording 3,5‐dimethoxybenzaldehyde as the major product. Aerobic oxidation of the corresponding phenolic β‐O‐4 lignin model proceeded with different selectivity, affording 2,6‐dimethoxybenzoquinone and α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde products resulting from cleavage of the CαCaryl bond. At low catalyst concentrations, however, a change in selectivity was observed as oxidation of the benzylic secondary alcohol predominated with both substrates.magnified image
An Improved Synthesis of Imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridines and Imidazo[4,5‐b]pyrazines by Palladium Catalyzed Amidation using Xantphos in a 1,4‐Dioxane:tert‐Amyl Alcohol Solvent System
Authors: Rosenberg Adam J. , Ahmed Ijaz , Wilson Robert J. , Williams Theresa M. , Kaminsky Lauren , Clark Daniel A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractHerein an improved protocol for the synthesis of imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridines and imidazo[4,5‐b]pyrazines using a palladium‐catalyzed amidation that utilizes Xantphos as an ancillary phosphine ligand is reported. The use of a binary solvent system comprised of 1,4‐dioxane and tert‐amyl alcohol was crucial in eliminating unwanted by‐products.magnified image
Evaluation of Palladacycles as a Non‐Rhodium Based Alternative for the Asymmetric Conjugate 1,4‐Addition of Arylboronic Acids to α,β‐Unsaturated Enones
Authors: Wong Jonathan , Gan Kennard , Chen Houguang Jeremy , Pullarkat Sumod A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe asymmetric conjugate 1,4‐addition of arylboronic acids to α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds is an extremely versatile and widely used organic transformation. While the rhodium(I)‐catalysed reaction has been thoroughly explored, the asymmetric palladium‐catalysed protocol is far less developed and understood, particularly with acyclic enones as substrates. Herein, we report the systematic evaluation of a series of metallacycles for this reaction and the conjugate addition of arylboronic acids to a wide range of α,β‐unsaturated enones, catalysed by an easily accessible and robust chiral phosphapalladacycle in high yields and enantioselectivities.magnified image
A Small Molecule Inhibits Protein Disulfide Isomerase and Triggers the Chemosensitization of Cancer Cells
Authors: Eirich Jürgen , Braig Simone , Schyschka Liliana , Servatius Phil , Hoffmann Judith , Hecht Sabrina , Fulda Simone , Zahler Stefan , Antes Iris , Kazmaier Uli , Sieber Stephan A. , Vollmar Angelika M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractResistance to chemotherapeutic agents represents a major challenge in cancer research. One approach to this problem is combination therapy, the application of a toxic chemotherapeutic drug together with a sensitizing compound that addresses the vulnerability of cancer cells to induce apoptosis. Here we report the discovery of a new compound class (T8) that sensitizes various cancer cells towards etoposide treatment at subtoxic concentrations. Proteomic analysis revealed protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) as the target of the T8 class. In‐depth chemical and biological studies such as the synthesis of optimized compounds, molecular docking analyses, cellular imaging, and apoptosis assays confirmed the unique mode of action through reversible PDI inhibition.
Safe Autonomous Agent Formation Operations Via Obstacle Collision Avoidance
Authors: Deghat Mohammad , Shames Iman , Anderson Brian D. O. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the problem of flocking and shape‐orientation control of multi‐agent systems with inter‐agent and obstacle collision avoidance. We first consider the problem of forcing a set of autonomous agents to form a desired formation shape and orientation while avoiding inter‐agent collision and collision with convex obstacles, and following a trajectory known to only one of the agents, namely the leader of the formation. Then we build upon the solution given to this problem and solve the problem of guaranteeing obstacle collision avoidance by changing the size and the orientation of the formation. Changing the size and the orientation of the formation is helpful when the agents want to go through a narrow passage while the existing size or orientation of the formation does not allow this. We also propose collision avoidance algorithms that temporarily change the shape of the formation to avoid collision with stationary or moving nonconvex obstacles. Simulation results are presented to show the performance of the proposed control laws.
Identification of Novel CERT Ligands as Potential Ceramide Trafficking Inhibitors
Authors: Santos Cécile , Rogriguez Frédéric , Garcia Virginie , Moravčíková Daniela , Berkeš Dušan , Daïch Adam , Levade Thierry , Baudoin‐Dehoux Cécile , Ballereau Stéphanie , Génisson Yves 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA highly compartmentalized enzymatic network regulates the pro‐apoptotic and proliferative effects of sphingolipids. Over‐conversion of ceramide (Cer) correlates with insensitivity to apoptosis signaling (in response to chemotherapy) and to drug resistance of cancer cells. De novo sphingomyelin biosynthesis relies on non‐vesicular ceramide trafficking by the CERT (CERamide Transfer) protein. Therefore, blocking CERT transfer, thus leading to increased intracellular ceramide availability, represents a potential anticancer strategy. Our study is based on the implementation of an in vitro binding assay, supported by in silico molecular docking. It constitutes the first attempt to explore at the molecular level for the identification of novel CERT ligands. This approach is the first step toward in silico design and optimization of CERT inhibitor candidates, potentially relevant as innovative ceramide‐transfer‐targeting therapeutic agents.
Recognition of N‐Alkyl and N‐Aryl Acetamides by N‐Alkyl Ammonium Resorcinarene Chlorides
Authors: Beyeh N. Kodiah , Ala‐Korpi Altti , Cetina Mario , Valkonen Arto , Rissanen Kari 
Published: September 2014

AbstractN‐Alkyl ammonium resorcinarene chlorides are stabilized by an intricate array of intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bonds that leads to cavitand‐like structures. Depending on the upper‐rim substituents, self‐inclusion was observed in solution and in the solid state. The self‐inclusion can be disrupted at higher temperatures, whereas in the presence of small guests the self‐included dimers spontaneously reorganize to 1:1 host–guest complexes. These host compounds show an interesting ability to bind a series of N‐alkyl acetamide guests through intermolecular hydrogen bonds involving the carbonyl oxygen (CO) atoms and the amide (NH) groups of the guests, the chloride anions (Cl−) and ammonium (NH2+) cations of the hosts, and also through CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions between the hosts and guests. The self‐included and host–guest complexes were studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, NMR titration, and mass spectrometry.
Synthesis and Helical Structures of Poly(ω‐alkynamide)s Having Chiral Side Chains: Effect of Solvent on Their Screw‐Sense Inversion
Authors: Suzuki Yuji , Miyagi Yu , Shiotsuki Masashi , Inai Yoshihito , Masuda Toshio , Sanda Fumio 
Published: September 2014

AbstractNew ω‐alkynamides, (S)‐HCCCH2CONHCH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 (1) and (S)‐HCCCH2CH2CONHCH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 (2) were synthesized and polymerized with a rhodium catalyst in CHCl3 to obtain cis‐stereoregular poly(ω‐alkynamide)s (poly(1) and poly(2)). Polarimetric, CD, and IR spectroscopic studies revealed that in solution the polymers adopted predominantly one‐handed helical structures stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the pendent amide groups. This behavior was similar to that of the corresponding poly(N‐alkynylamide) counterparts (poly(3) and poly(4)) reported previously, whereas the helical senses were opposite to each other. The helical structures of the poly(ω‐alkynamide)s were stable upon heating similar to those of the poly(N‐alkynylamide)s, but the solvent response was completely different. An increase in MeOH content in CHCl3/MeOH resulted in inversion of the predominant screw‐sense for poly(1) and poly(2). Conversely, poly(3) was transformed into a random coil, and poly(4) maintained the predominant screw‐sense irrespective of MeOH content. The solvent dependence of predominant screw‐sense for poly(1) and poly(2) was reasonably explained by molecular orbital studies using the conductor‐like screening model (COSMO).
Alkene Isomerisation Catalysed by a Ruthenium PNN Pincer Complex
Authors: Perdriau Sébastien , Chang Mu‐Chieh , Otten Edwin , Heeres Hero J. , de Vries Johannes G. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe [Ru(CO)H(PNN)] pincer complex based on a dearomatised PNN ligand (PNN: 2‐di‐tert‐butylphosphinomethyl‐6‐diethylaminomethylpyridine) was examined for its ability to isomerise alkenes. The isomerisation reaction proceeded under mild conditions after activation of the complex with alcohols. Variable‐temperature (VT) NMR experiments to investigate the role of the alcohol in the mechanism lend credence to the hypothesis that the first step involves the formation of a rearomatised alkoxide complex. In this complex, the hemilabile diethylamino side‐arm can dissociate, allowing alkene binding cis to the hydride, enabling insertion of the alkene into the metal–hydride bond, whereas in the parent complex only trans binding is possible. During this study, a new uncommon Ru0 coordination complex was also characterised. The scope of the alkene isomerisation reaction was examined.
A General Diversified Synthesis of Carbazoles and the First Synthesis of Karapinchamine A
Authors: Qiu Youai , Zhou Jing , Fu Chunling , Ma Shengming 
Published: September 2014

Abstract[IPrAuCl]/AgSbF6‐catalyzed cyclization of the readily available 4‐benzoxyl‐1‐(indol‐2‐yl)‐2‐alkynols occurred smoothly in 1,2‐dichloroethane (DCE) in the presence of 4 Å MS to form a series of differently polysubstituted 2‐oxygenated carbazole derivatives efficiently. Based on mechanistic study, a possible mechanism involving 1,3‐migration of a benzoate group to form the allene, Au+‐mediated cyclization–elimination to form a gold–carbene intermediate, and subsequent highly selective 1,2‐migration has been proposed for the formation of carbazoles. Highly selective 1,2‐migration referring to the two substituents R3 and R4 (R4=H, alkyl, and aryl group) was observed: (1) In the presence of both H and alkyl groups, 1,2‐hydrogen migration is exclusive; (2) in the presence of a methyl group (R3), propyl, isopropyl, 4‐methylphenyl, and 4‐chlorophenyl groups (R4) migrate exclusively. Finally, the first total synthesis of the recently isolated naturally occurring carbazole alkaloid karapinchamine A in 5.2 g scale has been realized in 6 steps from commercially available chemicals without need for any protection–deprotection.
Quantization error in magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Cadiz Rodrigo F. , Muñoz Camila , Tejos Cristian , Andia Marcelo E. , Uribe Sergio , Irarrazaval Pablo 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTDue to the special nature of the acquisition domain, the quantization process of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data presents challenges that are not present in other medical imaging techniques. In this article, we demonstrate that the quantization error in MRI cannot be assumed to be a random variable with uniform distribution across the entire acquisition domain. Furthermore, the introduced error is not statistically independent of the input signal. On the contrary, we show that this error is correlated with the object that is being scanned, producing perceptually unpleasant artifacts in the image domain. Although the quantization error is not generally a critical issue in two‐dimensional (2D) MRI acquisition, it could be in the case of 3D acquisitions and in noise estimation measurements. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 43A: 79–89, 2014.
Insight into the Mechanisms of the Multicomponent Ugi and Ugi–Smiles Reactions by ESI‐MS(/MS)
Authors: Iacobucci Claudio , Reale Samantha , Gal Jean‐François , De Angelis Francesco 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe mechanisms of the Ugi and Ugi–Smiles reactions were investigated by using finely selected reaction conditions that allowed all of the intermediates to be “fish‐out” and characterized by ESI‐MS/MS. New insight into the Ugi and Ugi–Smiles reaction mechanisms is provided without using charge‐tagged reagents. Characterization of the isomeric species of the Mumm rearrangement in the gas phase was performed by using MS/MS.