bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stage‐specific direct health care costs in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: Lyth J. , Carstensen J. , Synnerstad I. , Lindholm C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundClinical stage at diagnosis is a strong prognostic factor for death in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), with worse prognosis at higher stages. However, few studies have investigated how direct health care cost per patient varies with clinical stage.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the stage‐specific direct health care costs for CMM patients compared to the health care costs in the general population in the County of Östergötland, Sweden.MethodsCutaneous malignant melanoma patients in the County of Östergötland diagnosed 2005–2012 were identified from the Swedish cancer registry. Information on clinical stage was collected from the Swedish Melanoma Register (SMR) and cost data from the Cost per Patient database (CPP) for 1075 CMM patients in Östergötland. CPP contains costs associated with all health care contacts per patient including inpatient, outpatient and primary care. The CMM‐related costs were defined as the difference in mean health care costs between CMM patients and general population.ResultsThe first year after CMM diagnosis, the average health care costs for CMM patients were 2.8 times higher than in the general population. The health care cost ratio varied from 2.0 (stage I) to 10.1 (stage IV) and the CMM‐related costs per patient‐year varied from €2 670 (stage I) to €29 291 (stage IV). The mean health care costs decreased over time but remained significantly higher than in the general population for all clinical stages. During the first year after diagnosis, patients in clinical stage III–IV (7% of CMM patients) accounted for 27% of the total CMM‐related health care costs.ConclusionsThe direct health care costs for CMM patients were significantly higher than in the general population independent of clinical stage. CMM patients diagnosed in clinical stage III–IV were associated with particularly high costs and the health care system may save resources by finding CMM patients in earlier stages.
Genital melanocytic naevus on lichen sclerosus: an uncommon occurrence and a management proposal
Authors: Neri I. , Dika E. , Fanti P.A. , Misciali C. , Patrizi A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundMelanocytic naevi located in special sites, such as the vulvar mucosa might present peculiar clinical and dermatoscopic features.ObjectivesWe describe a management proposal of a genital naevus associated with inflammatory disorders that aims to facilitate the clinical and pathologic diagnosis.MethodsVideodermoscopy of a genital naevus associated with lichen sclerosus of an 8‐year‐old girl, was carried out before and 2 months after treatment with topical steroids. An excisional biopsy and immunohistochemical studies with HMB‐45, MART ‐1 and molecular studies with p 16 staining were performed.ResultsThe features of the melanocytic lesion associated with lichen sclerosus were troublesome on the basis of clinical and videodermoscopic evaluation. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination performed after topical treatment, showed a compound melanocytic naevus with an underlying inflammation consistent with lichen sclerosus.ConclusionsThe evaluation of genital naevi should take into account the presence of inflammatory disorders, not uncommon in such location. Treatment of the latter and short follow‐up of the patients, can avoid over‐diagnosis of malignancies and extensive surgical procedures.
Urban inundation simulation considering road network and building configurations
Authors: Lee S. , Nakagawa H. , Kawaike K. , Zhang H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe main difference between rural and urban area inundation is the existence of an impermeable layer and the complexity of the road and building configuration. Therefore, although surface overland flow can be appropriately simulated by the two‐dimensional diffusive model in a rural area, there also is a need for a more accurate and elaborate simulation model. Dual drainage concept has been popular to simulate urban drainage system. Although the concept has immense advantages, through which overland flow and pipe flow can be simulated simultaneously, many researchers set manholes as discharge exchange spots between ground surface and sewerage system, which causes lack of reality. Therefore, in this study, we developed a new urban inundation model that can reflect real field situation. Also, two kinds of simulations are carried out with homogeneous meshes and non‐homogeneous ones using manholes and storm drains as discharge exchange spots, respectively, and those results are compared to estimate the effect of road networks and building groups according to different discharge exchange spots. Two‐dimensional run‐off flow model and one‐dimensional slot‐model are used to simulate ground surface run‐off flow and sewer pipe flow. To connect both models, we used a newly suggested bi‐directional model and its coefficients. The simulated results showed that more reasonable results are obtained in the nonhomogeneous case; the results further reveal the importance of using storm drains as exchange spots in the model.
Ketoconazole Treatment Decreases the Viability of Immortalized Pituitary Cell Lines Associated with an Increased Expression of Apoptosis‐Related Genes and Cell Cycle Inhibitors
Authors: Guzzo M. F. , Carvalho L. R. , Bronstein M. D. 
Published: March 2015

Ketoconazole, which was initially developed as an antifungal agent, is a potent inhibitor of adrenal steroidogenesis and has therefore been used in the management of Cushing's disease. Surprisingly, the reduction of cortisol levels during ketoconazole treatment is not accompanied by the expected elevation in plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) at the loss of negative cortisol feedback from corticotrophic cells, suggesting a direct effect of ketoconazole on these cells. To characterize the direct effects of ketoconazole, we evaluated its in vitro effect on cell viability using the pituitary tumoural cell lines AtT‐20 (which secretes ACTH), GH3 (which secretes growth hormone and prolactin) and αT3.1 (which secretes α‐subunit) and we also determined the expression levels of genes involved in apoptosis and DNA replication by the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). We also evaluated ACTH levels in AtT‐20 cells during ketoconazole treatment. We observed a ketoconazole concentration‐dependent decrease in pituitary cell viability and reduced ACTH levels in AtT‐20 cells after removal of the drug. We also observed increased expression of cell death receptors (e.g. Fas, tumour necrosis factor receptor) and caspases (e.g., caspase‐6, caspase‐7, caspase‐9), suggesting activation of the apoptosis pathway. In addition, we observed increased gene expression of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27 in GH3 cells and increased expression of p21 in αT3.1 cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that ketoconazole significantly reduces cell viability in a concentration‐dependent manner in pituitary tumour cell lines and is associated with an increase in apoptosis‐ and cell cycle regulation‐related gene expression.
A Two‐Arm Cluster Randomized Control Trial to Determine the Effectiveness of a Pressure Ulcer Prevention Bundle for Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Tayyib Nahla , Coyer Fiona , Lewis Peter A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPurposeThis study tested the effectiveness of a pressure ulcer (PU) prevention bundle in reducing the incidence of PUs in critically ill patients in two Saudi intensive care units (ICUs).DesignA two‐arm cluster randomized experimental control trial.MethodsParticipants in the intervention group received the PU prevention bundle, while the control group received standard skin care as per the local ICU policies. Data collected included demographic variables (age, diagnosis, comorbidities, admission trajectory, length of stay) and clinical variables (Braden Scale score, severity of organ function score, mechanical ventilation, PU presence, and staging). All patients were followed every two days from admission through to discharge, death, or up to a maximum of 28 days. Data were analyzed with descriptive correlation statistics, Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis, and Poisson regression.FindingsThe total number of participants recruited was 140: 70 control participants (with a total of 728 days of observation) and 70 intervention participants (784 days of observation). PU cumulative incidence was significantly lower in the intervention group (7.14%) compared to the control group (32.86%). Poisson regression revealed the likelihood of PU development was 70% lower in the intervention group. The intervention group had significantly less Stage I (p = .002) and Stage II PU development (p = .026).ConclusionsSignificant improvements were observed in PU‐related outcomes with the implementation of the PU prevention bundle in the ICU; PU incidence, severity, and total number of PUs per patient were reduced.Clinical RelevanceUtilizing a bundle approach and standardized nursing language through skin assessment and translation of the knowledge to practice has the potential to impact positively on the quality of care and patient outcome.
Comparative study on efficacy and safety of 1550 nm Er:Glass fractional laser and fractional radiofrequency microneedle device for facial atrophic acne scar
Authors: Chae Woong Suk , Seong Jun Young , Jung Ha Na , Kong Sook Hyun , Kim Min Ho , Suh Ho Seok , Choi Yu Sung 
Published: March 2015

SummaryBackgroundThe 1550 nm Er:Glass fractional laser is widely used for the treatment of atrophic acne scar. A novel fractional radiofrequency microneedle device has recently emerged as an alternative for treating acne scars.ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a Er:Glass fractional laser and fractional radiofrequency microneedle device in the treatment of facial atrophic acne scars and to assess the difference between the treatment modalities depending on facial compartment.MethodsA total of 40 patients were equally randomized into two groups. Each group of 20 patients received three treatments at 4‐week interval using Er:Glass fractional laser or fractional radiofrequency microneedle device.ResultsScar severity scores (ECCA grading scale) improved by a mean of 25.0% and 18.6% in groups A and B, respectively (both P < 0.01). The difference in the degree of improvement was not statistically significant between the groups after three sessions of treatment. There were no significant side effects.ConclusionAtrophic acne scars improved in both groups without significant side effects. Additionally, the fractional laser was a more effective treatment option for acne scars, but the fractional radiofrequency microneedle device offered good adherence and short downtime.
Efficacy and tolerance assessment of a new type of dermocosmetic in infants and children with moderate atopic dermatitis
Authors: Gayraud Floriane , Sayag Michèle , Jourdan Eric 
Published: March 2015

SummaryBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory and pruritic skin disorder.ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and tolerance of a new emollient (SBT complex) in subjects with moderate AD.MethodsSubjects received twice daily for 168 days (6 months) either SBT complex or emollient base adjunctively or alternately with topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors. Evolution of AD was assessed throughout the study using usual AD assessment criteria including SCORAD and PO‐SCORAD. Quality of life was assessed at Day 0 and Day 168.ResultsAt Day 168, a significant decrease with SBT complex was observed for the SCORAD and the PO‐SCORAD scores (P < 0.05), the primary efficacy criteria. A total of 76% of SBT complex subjects did not relapse and time‐to‐relapse increased compared to the emollient base subjects. Intensity, dryness, and quality of life (P < 0.05) had improved in subjects using SBT complex. The product was well tolerated with less physical and functional signs in the SBT than in the emollient base group.ConclusionThe new emollient dermocosmetic SBT complex applied adjunctively or alternately with topical AD treatments significantly improved AD without any safety concerns. SBT complex may play an important role in the restoration of the natural skin barrier.
Recombinant activated factor VII in the management of acute fatty liver of pregnancy: A case report
Authors: K Supriya , Thunga Suchitra , Narayanan Athira , Singh Prakhar 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA 20‐year‐old woman, primigravida at 36+4 weeks' gestation presented with malaise, vomiting for 1 week, yellowish discoloration of the eyes for 3 days and loss of fetal movements. A clinical diagnosis of acute fatty liver with intrauterine fetal demise was made. Labor was induced with prostaglandin E2 gel and delivered vaginally. The post‐partum period was complicated by atonic post‐partum hemorrhage, an episode of seizure, recurrent hypoglycemic attack, hypokalemia and continuing coagulopathy. Supportive management in the intensive care unit using blood and blood products and injection recombinant activated factor VIIa to arrest the bleeding resulted in a successful outcome.
A new model of impression management: Emotions in the ‘black box’ of organizational persuasion
Authors: Johnson Genevieve , Griffith Jennifer A. , Buckley M. Ronald 
Published: March 2015

In this article, we proffer a theoretical integration of current emotions research and impression management (IM) tactics as applied to the workplace. Both IM and emotions frequently occur in organizational settings, but research has yet to consider how their simultaneous implementation may impact the ability of an individual to influence the perceptions others form of them. By integrating the emotions as social information model and a cybernetic model of IM, we attempt to explain the linkage between actor implementation of IM behaviour, paired affective displays, and downstream processing and resultant behaviour by a target. Situational and personal moderators that may impact this process are also discussed. Successful application of emotions in IM can have wide‐ranging implications for outcomes of interest in human resource management, and these are discussed within several IM frameworks.Practitioner pointsWe integrate theory and research on emotions and IM to help develop an understanding of their impact on others in the workplace.A model is provided to show how this integration may influence human resource management.Examples of this integration are shown via extant IM frameworks.
A low‐dose mindfulness intervention and recovery from work: Effects on psychological detachment, sleep quality, and sleep duration
Authors: Hülsheger Ute R. , Feinholdt Alina , Nübold Annika 
Published: March 2015

Although playing a crucial role for the prevention of long‐term health impairment, interventions aiming at the improvement of employees' recovery processes are still scarce. In this study, we therefore investigated the effectiveness of a low‐dose mindfulness intervention for recovery from work. In addition, differential responding to the treatment in terms of treatment‐by‐baseline interactions was studied. A sample of 140 employees participated in a randomized field experiment with a self‐training and a wait‐list control group. Three central recovery processes (psychological detachment, sleep quality, and sleep duration) were assessed with event‐sampling methodology involving daily measurements over 10 workdays. Growth curve analyses revealed intervention effects on sleep quality and sleep duration. No effects were found for psychological detachment after work and for the proposed treatment‐by‐baseline interactions. Our findings are discussed in the context of occupational health promotion in general and mindfulness‐based interventions in specific.Practitioner points

Although daily recovery from the demands of work has been shown to be vital for employee well‐being and performance, research on how workplace interventions can help improve recovery is still scarce.

This study investigated the effectiveness of a brief, economic mindfulness intervention on processes that are vital for recovery – psychological detachment, sleep quality, and sleep duration.

Findings revealed positive effects of the intervention on sleep quality and duration, but not on psychological detachment.
Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With Adolescent Academic Achievement
Authors: Kantomaa Marko T. , Stamatakis Emmanuel , Kankaanpää Anna , Kajantie Eero , Taanila Anja , Tammelin Tuija 
Published: March 2015

The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (N = 8,061) was used to investigated the joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with academic achievement. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate how classes formed by latent class analysis (LCA) according to overall physical activity, sports club membership, viewing TV, using a computer, reading books and magazines, other sedentary activities, and sleep were associated with grade‐point average. When adjusted for gender, self‐rated health, and mother's education, physically active adolescents and generally active adolescents were about twice as likely to have high grade‐point average compared with sedentary TV viewers.
The Relation of Different Crop Roots Exudates to the Survival and Suppressive Effect of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (PD4560), Biocontrol Agent of Bacterial Wilt of Potato
Authors: Elhalag Kamel M. , Emara Hassan M. , Messiha Nevein A. S. , Elhadad Safwat A. , Abdallah Suzan A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractExperiments were performed under greenhouse conditions to control bacterial wilt of potato (potato brown rot), caused by Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2, Phylotype II, sequevar 1 using various biocontrol strategies. These strategies involved the use of the bacterial biocontrol agent Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (PD4560), in clay or sandy soils, planted with cowpea, maize or tomato which was grown separately in different pots in the inoculated soils. After harvest, the soil derived from each cultivated crop was inoculated with a mixture of three virulent R. solanacearum strains (K3, K10 and K16) to achieve a final concentration of 5 × 108 cfu/g dry soil and used in pots under greenhouse conditions to cultivate potato seed tubers. The highest survival of S. maltophilia in soil (more than 160 days) coincided with a remarkable suppressing effect on disease incidence caused by R. solanacearum that expressed by wilt severity (up to 100% reduction), area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) (up to 99% reduction) and counts of the pathogen in soil (up to 75% reduction), rhizosphere (up to 80% reduction) and plant tissue (up to 97% reduction) of potato plants. The amino acid analysis of root exudates of crops under investigation revealed high percentages of asparagines (15.5–21%), glutamine (16–20%) and sulphur‐containing methionine (7–9%) in both of the cowpea and maize, respectively. In tomato root exudates, high percentages of arginine (around 26%) and lysine (around 23%) were detected. Methionine is known to favour the growth of S. maltophilia suggesting that especially cowpea and maize are suitable for crop rotation with potato and will enhance the sustainability of the biocontrol agent S. maltophilia.
Use of Essential Oils in Control Strategies against Zucchini Powdery Mildew
Authors: Donnarumma Lucia , Milano Filomena , Trotta Stefano , Annesi Tiziana 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe growing interest in the substitution of ‘synthetic pesticides’ by natural ones has fostered the research on vegetable sources and the screening of plant materials to identify new compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of several essential oils used alone and alternating with a synthetic fungicide. Experimental trials were carried out in greenhouse during the years 2012–2013 testing four alternative application programmes. Chemical composition of the essential oils and evaluation of their residues on treated zucchini leaves were reported by a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. Moreover, relative density analyses were carried out. The obtained results showed that the alternation of essential oils and synthetic chemicals can maintain a disease control, resulting that an integrated control management of zucchini powdery mildew is able to reduce the use of synthetic fungicides.
Piloting yoga and assessing outcomes in a residential behavioural health unit
Authors: McIlvain S. J. , Miller B. , Lawhead B. A. , Barbosa‐Leiker C. , Anderson A. 
Published: March 2015

Accessible summary
This study examined if adolescents on a residential behavioural health unit would participate in a yoga intervention. Yoga has been used as a mind–body practice for more than 2000 years; however, studies are limited regarding its effects on adolescents with mental illness on an inpatient unit.
Yoga was added, twice weekly, to the program schedule. Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire‐Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue‐ASF) scores were measured over 8 weeks. Additional measures included daily numbers of quiet times, time outs, and point card scores.
Twenty‐two adolescents completed the study. The TEIQue‐ASF assessment was able to detect changes in total scores over 8 weeks. Increased yoga participation was related to higher values of the TEIQue‐ASF subdomain of sociability, increase in weekly point card totals, a decrease in behavioural time outs, and a decrease in combined behavioural interventions at various time points throughout the programme.
This study was relevant because it was conducted on an adolescent inpatient unit. It provides support that yoga, as part of a residential programme, is a feasible intervention for adolescents with mental illness. Changes in the various measures cannot be directly linked to yoga because of lack of a comparison group. Additional studies with a larger sample, and randomization, are needed to evaluate the potential benefits of yoga and to determine if changes to the TEIQue‐ASF can be attributed to yoga or other behavioural‐based interventions.
AbstractLittle is known about how yoga will impact behavioural health outcomes for adolescents with mental illness in an inpatient setting. This study examined if adolescents on a residential behavioural health unit would participate in a yoga intervention to address emotional regulation. A single cohort study design was used. Yoga was added to the programme schedule twice weekly. Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire‐Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue‐ASF) scores and additional behavioural measures were tracked over 8 weeks. Adolescents participated in yoga, with a higher participation rate for girls compared with boys. The TEIQue‐ASF assessment detected changes in total score over 8 weeks. Increased yoga participation was related to higher values of the TEIQue‐ASF subdomain of sociability, increase in weekly point card totals, and a decrease in combined behavioural interventions at various time points throughout the programme. This study was relevant because it was conducted on an adolescent inpatient unit. Further studies are needed to determine if changes can be attributed to yoga or other behavioural‐based interventions. If supported by further studies, yoga has the potential to be a complimentary therapy that can be integrated into the multidisciplinary treatment approach for mental health patients.