bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significant chlorine emissions from biomass burning affect the long-term atmospheric chemistry in Asia
Authors: Chang Di , Li Qinyi , Wang Zhe , Dai Jianing , Fu Xiao , Guo Jia , Zhu Lei , Pu Dongchuan , Cuevas Carlos A , Fernandez Rafael P , Wang Weigang , Ge Maofa , Fung Jimmy C H , Lau Alexis K H , Granier Claire , Brasseur Guy , Pozzer Andrea , Saiz-Lopez Alfonso , Song Yu , Wang Tao 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Biomass burning (BB) is a major source of trace gases and particles in the atmosphere, influencing air quality, radiative balance, and climate. Previous studies have mainly focused on the BB emissions of carbon and nitrogen species with less attention on chlorine. Reactive chlorine chemistry has significant effects on atmospheric chemistry and air quality. However, quantitative information on chlorine emissions from BB, particularly the long-term trend and associated atmospheric impacts, is limited both on regional and global scales. Here, we report a long-term (2001–2018) high-resolution BB emission inventory for the major chlorine-containing compounds (HCl, chloride, and CH3Cl) in Asia based on satellite observations. We estimate an average of 730 Gg yr−1 chlorine emitted from BB activity in Asia, with China contributing the largest share at 24.2% (177 Gg yr−1), followed by Myanmar at 18.7% and India at 18.3%. Distinct seasonal patterns and significant spatial and interannual variability are observed, mainly driven by human-mediated changes in agricultural activity. By incorporating the newly developed chlorine emission inventory into a global chemistry-climate model (CAM-Chem), we find that the BB-chlorine emissions lead to elevated levels of HCl and CH3Cl (monthly average up to 2062 and 1421 parts per trillion by volume (pptv), respectively), subsequently resulting in noticeable changes in oxidants (up to 3.1% in O3 and 17% in OH radicals). The results demonstrate that BB is not only a significant source of air pollutants but also of oxidants, suggesting a larger role of BB emissions in the atmospheric chemistry and oxidation process than previously appreciated. In light of the projected increase in BB activity toward the end of the century and the extensive control of anthropogenic emissions worldwide, the contribution of BB emissions may become fundamental to air quality composition in the future.
Preclinical Evidence for the Protective Capacity of Antibodies Induced by Lyme Vaccine Candidate VLA15 in People
Authors: Lundberg Urban , Hochreiter Romana , Timofoyeva Yekaterina , Kanevsky Isis , Meinke Andreas , Anderson Annaliesa S , Simon Raphael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Vaccine candidate VLA15 is designed to protect against the dominant Borrelia genospecies-causing Lyme disease in North America and Europe. Active immunization with VLA15 has protected in the mouse model of tick challenge. VLA15 is currently under evaluation in clinical studies for the prevention of Lyme borreliosis.

Methods
Mice were passively administered sera from clinical trial participants vaccinated with VLA15, or normal human serum from unvaccinated individuals as control. Posttransfer serum anti-outer surface protein A (OspA) immunoglobulin G titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Following passive transfer, mice were challenged with Ixodes ticks colonized with Borrelia burgdorferi (OspA serotype 1) or Borrelia afzelii (OspA serotype 2) and infection was determined by serology for VlsE C6 or by polymerase chain reaction and culture to assess the presence of Borrelia bacteria.

Results
Passive transfer of immune sera prevented transmission of Borrelia from the tick vector and protected mice against challenge. Posttransfer protective threshold immunoglobulin G antibody titers were observed in this animal model of 131 U/mL for B burgdorferi (OspA serotype 1) and 352 U/mL for B afzelii (serotype 2).

Conclusions
Passive transfer of sera from trial participants immunized with VLA15 protected mice from borreliosis in a tick challenge model. This indicates that VLA15 induces functional immune responses in people that can be linked to efficacy in a stringent preclinical model.
Where do field-specific notions of research quality come from?
Authors: Laudel Grit 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Researchers’ notions of research quality depend on their field of research. Previous studies have shown that field-specific assessment criteria exist but could explain neither why these specific criteria and not others exist, nor how criteria are used in specific assessment situations. To give initial answers to these questions, formal assessment situations (reviews of publications) and informal assessment situations (seminar and conference discussions) in two specialties (plant biology and medieval history) were analysed through observations and qualitative content analysis. The empirical findings reveal a large variety of quality criteria used by researchers, which cannot be subsumed under conventional notions of originality, reliability, or validity. The identified field-specific quality criteria can be explained by differences between the two fields’ research practices and between the epistemic properties of the two fields.
Transfer versus co-production: Knowledge as ‘MEANS’ to sustainability as an ‘END’
Authors: Chams Nour , Guesmi Bouali , Molins i Folch Mireia , Cubel Rosa , Gil Roig Jose Maria 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study examines the relationship between sustainability performance and knowledge, as well as between innovation transfer and co-production. It moves away from evaluating processes to exploring impact by investigating how explicit and tacit knowledge archetypes are associated with sustainability performance in the agri-food sector. Applying the knowledge-based theory and the Shannon index, we rely on a database from 2013 to 2020 of two case studies selected from a Spanish research institution. At the institutional level, the results postulate that knowledge and innovation transfer tends to have a higher diversity index, mainly driven by explicit knowledge archetype. Tacit type of knowledge in both transfer and co-production mechanisms predominately relies on engagement parameters. At the case study level, as an educational toolkit, the first case study prioritizes engagement that is, transferring and transmitting knowledge to a higher number of participants—tacit knowledge transfer. As an innovative technique, the second case study prioritizes diversity that is, transferring and transmitting knowledge through various channels—explicit knowledge transfer. Regarding sustainability performance, the findings demonstrate that both explicit and tacit knowledge are associated with health and capacity building pillars in the first case study through the transfer mechanism. However, in the second one, tacit knowledge is mainly associated with economic and socioterritorial pillars through transfer and co-production mechanisms. This study sheds light on the micro level of knowledge, proposing an approach for researchers and practitioners to categorize knowledge in different proxies and evaluate their performance.
Penalizing Nonconformity: Gender Nonconformity at the Intersection of Gender and Sexual Identity in the Labor Market
Authors: Hsu Jaime 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Previous research has identified wage penalties for women and sexual minority workers. However, these analyses did not consider how gender nonconformity may influence our current understanding of these penalties. Therefore, this study aims to explore the wage penalty associated with gender nonconformity at the intersection of gender and sexual identity. It theorizes how gender nonconformity contributes to labor market inequality by distinguishing the impacts of gender nonconformity, gender identity, and sexual identity on wages. Using a novel measurement in the fifth wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, the results indicate that heterosexual men and women experience wage penalties for being gender nonconforming compared to their conforming counterparts. Interestingly, gender nonconformity is not linked to wage penalties for gay, lesbian, and bisexual workers. These wage penalties persist even after adjusting for marital and parental statuses among nonconforming heterosexual men and women. Furthermore, nonconforming straight men earn significantly less than both conforming and nonconforming gay/bisexual men. These findings offer insights for future research to explore the labor market consequences of gender nonconformity for straight individuals, as well as gender and sexual minority workers.
Therapeutic hypothermia for neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy in low- and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Prakash Raj , Verónica Reyes-García Diana , Somanath Hansoge Sanjana , Rosenkrantz Ted S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of mortality and neurodevelopmental disability, especially in low-income countries. While therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in infants with HIE, some clinical trials in low-income countries have reported an increase in the risk of mortality. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials conducted in low-income and lower-middle-income countries that compared cooling therapy with standard care for HIE. Our primary outcome was composite of neonatal mortality and neurodevelopmental disability at 6 months or beyond. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022352728). Our review included 11 randomized controlled trials with 1324 infants with HIE. The composite of death or disability at 6 months or beyond was lower in therapeutic hypothermia group (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66–0.92, I2 = 85%). Neonatal mortality rate did not differ significantly between cooling therapy and standard care (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.76–1.13, I2 = 61%). Additionally, the cooled group exhibited significantly lower rates of neurodevelopmental disability at or beyond 6 months (RR 0.34, 95%CI 0.22–0.52, I2 = 0%). Our analysis found that neonatal mortality rate did not differ between cooled and noncooled infants in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Cooling may have a beneficial effect on neurodevelopmental disability and the composite of death or disability at 6 months or beyond.
Is Social Support Associated With Clinical Outcomes in Adults With Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain? A Systematic Review
Authors: Bisconti Mattia , Esposto Massimo , Tamborrino Andrea , Brindisino Fabrizio , Giovannico Giuseppe , Salvioli Stefano 
Published: August 2024

Objectives:
Nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) is associated with psychological and social factors such as social support. However, little research has focused on the latter. This article aimed to review the literature on the association between social support and clinical outcomes of patients with NSCLBP, particularly regarding differences in sex, gender, and types of social support.

Methods:
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CENTRAL were searched until April 19, 2024, without restrictions of time or language. Eligible articles were observational studies reporting measures of association between social support and clinical outcomes among adults with NSCLBP. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUIPS tool, and findings were analyzed qualitatively. This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022363210).

Results:
Of the 3528 identified studies, 11 were included in the review (1290 patients), showing a moderate to high risk of bias. Of the 5 studies showing a significant finding for pain, 4 reported a negative correlation (r=−0.18, −0.32, −0.35, −0.36) and 1 did not report any association index. Of the 6 studies showing a significant finding for disability, 2 reported a negative correlation (r=−0.29, −0.42), 2 reported a positive association (r=0.322; β=0.29), and 2 did not report any association index. No data was available for the investigated subgroups or secondary clinical outcomes.

Discussion:
Small associations were found between social support and clinical outcomes of individuals with NSCLBP. Further research is needed to establish its clinical relevance according to types of social support, sex, and gender.
Overlapping syndrome of anti-MOG antibody-associated disease and anti-mGluR5 encephalitis manifested as optic neuritis: A case report
Authors: He Jianhang , Niu Xiaoyan , Chen Xiaoyan , Ma Boya , Ren Yazhou , Qi Weimin , Zhan Xiuping , Meng Yue , Li Jianxia , Li Haining 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
Anti-Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) double antibody positive encephalitis characterized by optic neuritis is extremely rare. We present a case of overlapping syndrome of MOG-IgG-associated disease and anti-mGluR5 encephalitis manifested as optic neuritis.

Patient concerns:
A 60-year-old Chinses woman presented to the hospital with progressive vision loss and headache for 1 week. The cerebrospinal fluid examination was within the normal range. Visual evoked potentials study disclosed prolonged latency of P100 bilaterally. Fundus examination revealed indistinct boundaries of both optic discs. Her brain magnetic resonance imaging showed patchy hyperintensity in the posterior horn of the left ventricle and the left optic nerve. Her serum was positive for anti-MOG and anti-mGluR5 antibodies.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with overlapping syndrome of anti-MOG antibody-associated disease and anti-mGluR5 encephalitis mainly based on the clinical symptoms and further test of the antibody in serum.

Interventions and outcomes:
She was subsequently subjected to empirical treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone. After discharge, she was given a tapering dose of oral prednisone, alongside mycophenolate mofetil. On outpatient follow-up, her symptoms showed no relapse after 1 month, and her condition remained stable.

Lessons:
Early recognition of autoimmune encephalitis is crucial. The detection of cerebrospinal fluid and serum of autoimmune encephalitis and demyelinating diseases of the CNS, including MOG-IgG and mGluR5-IgG, should be strengthened in order to make a precise diagnosis and develop a comprehensive treatment plan in a timely manner.
Systemic contact dermatitis in a family: Case report
Authors: Sun Guang-mei , Li Ting-ting , Zhang Jin-mei , Liu Hai-yan , Xu Yan-li , Zhang Bao-xiang 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Systemic contact dermatitis (SCD) is an allergic inflammatory skin disease. We report that 3 family members developed SCD after exposing to laundry detergent containing benzalkonium chloride, which is rare. SCD caused by benzalkonium chloride has been reported. However, Similar symptoms in the whole family caused by it have not been reported yet. In our case, a 36-year-old man was diagnosed as SCD, and his symptoms had not controlled after 7 days treatment, until he stopped dressing the clothes washed by the laundry detergent containing benzalkonium chloride. It was interesting that both his wife and the daughter developed SCD successively, and they have not exposed to any haptens besides the benzalkonium chloride in the laundry detergent.

Methods:
Dermoscopic examination showed bright-red background, focal branching vessels and white scales. HE staining from the lesion revealed hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis, focal subcorneal microabscess, ocal hyperkeratosis, koilocyte in the epidermis, and erythrocyte extravasation, fibroplasia, hyaline degeneration and scattered aggregates of lymphocytes in the dermis. Then path test was performed 1 month after recovery with benzalkonium chloride 0.05% and 0.1% in petrolatum.

Results:
Stop the laundry detergent containing benzalkonium chloride. The symptoms had controlled after they stopped the laundry detergent containing benzalkonium chloride.

Conclusion:
The case highlights that benzalkonium chloride with very low concentration and repeated exposure may be an active agent of SCD. It is of the utmost importance to pay close attention to patients presenting with similar symptoms within the family. A thorough examination of the medical history is essential to determine the underlying cause.
Case series multilocular cystic hemangioma of the liver: Three cases and literature review
Authors: Liang Chunmiao , Yu RiSheng , Wang Liuhong , Chen Ying 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
Multilocular cystic hemangioma is a rare benign tumor classified as an atypical hemangioma. Currently, there are limited imaging reports available, and the imaging characteristics can be challenging to distinguish from other malignant multilocular cystic liver diseases such as cystadenocarcinoma, necessitating confirmation through pathological diagnosis. Here, we discuss the imaging features of 3 cases of multilocular cystic hemangiomas.

Patient concerns and Diagnoses:
Case 1 was a 24-year-old young female, and Case 2 involved a 60-year-old elderly male. Both patients were asymptomatic and physical examination revealed hepatic space-occupying lesions. Imaging findings revealed multilocular cystic lesions in the left liver with septa, calcification, a high diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) signal at the edge of the lesion, and progressive enhancement of the cyst wall and septa. Case 3 involved a 50-year-old male patient with epigastric distending pain for 1 month and sudden severe abdominal pain for 14 hours. Imaging results revealed a multilocular cystic lesion in the left liver with septa and tumor bleeding, a high DWI signal, and an enhanced cyst wall and septa. The pathological diagnosis confirmed a hepatic hemangioma.

Interventions:
All 3 patients underwent liver tumor resection.

Outcomes:
All 3 patients recovered successfully without any intraoperative or postoperative complications during the follow-up periods of 5 years, 6 months, and 5 months. There were no signs of recurrence.

Lessons:
Liver imaging revealed multilocular cystic lesions with features, such as compartmentalization, calcification, or bleeding. Multilocular cystic hemangiomas should be considered in imaging diagnosis. Enhancing our understanding of multilocular cystic hemangiomas can aid in improving the differential diagnosis of other malignant multilocular cystic liver diseases, ultimately reducing unnecessary liver resection.
Unilateral lifebuoy cataract: A case report
Authors: Koshiishi Yuka , Nagata Mayumi , Matsushima Hiroyuki , Ito Sakae , Suzuki Shigenari , Matsumoto Haruka , Okayasu Akihiko , Senoo Tadashi 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:Lifebuoy cataract is a rare congenital condition characterized by lens thinning. Due to its rarity, detailed treatment reports and standardized surgical approaches are limited. This study aims to enhance the current body of knowledge by presenting comprehensive case reports and describing surgical techniques for the treatment of lifebuoy cataracts.Patient concerns:A 14-year-old boy was diagnosed with a congenital cataract in his right eye at the age of 9, which was left untreated. The patient visited our hospital due to progressive visual impairment.Diagnoses:The visual acuity of the right eye was counting fingers at 30 cm. The uncorrected visual acuity of the left eye was 20/100, whereas the best corrected visual acuity was 20/20. The intraocular pressures were 18 mm Hg (left eye) and 20 mm Hg (right eye). Slit-lamp microscopy revealed central calcification of the lens capsule in the right eye and slightly opaque cortical tissue in the periphery, with no observable lens nucleus. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (CASIA2, TOMEY, Nagoya, Japan) of the right eye showed fused anterior and posterior capsules and an absence of the lens nucleus, leading to a diagnosis of lifebuoy cataract.Interventions:Cataract surgery was performed on the right eye. Following a 2.4-mm sclerocorneal incision and trypan blue staining, continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis was performed around the central opacity. The surrounding cortex was removed using irrigation and aspiration, while a viscoelastic agent was injected between the central calcified membrane and the posterior capsule. The membranous tissue was carefully peeled away and removed using forceps. Despite residual posterior capsular opacification, posterior capsulotomy was not performed due to concerns about vitreous prolapse. The intraocular lens was fixed within the capsule. Ten days post-surgery, the remaining posterior capsular opacification was treated with neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser capsulotomy.Outcomes:The uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity of the right eye improved to 20/100 and 20/50, respectively.Lessons:This case report demonstrates a successful surgical approach for a lifebuoy cataract, highlighting its unique morphology and the need for careful, specialized techniques. These findings aim to guide ophthalmologists in managing this rare condition, potentially improving patient care.
Acute insomnia as the initial manifestation of Wilson’ s disease: A Case Report
Authors: Cheng Xiaofang , Chen Quanhui , Ma Haoyuan , Ren Qiuxia , Jiao Shusheng 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Wilson’s disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that causes impaired copper circulation and excretion. The initial manifestations of WD vary clinically, which makes early diagnosis very difficult. Sleep disorders have been described as common symptoms of WD, but the initial manifestations are in rare cases.

Case report:
This study aims to present a patient with acute insomnia as the initial manifestation of WD. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive lesions in the bilateral putamen and caudate nucleus, pressure area of corpus callosum, midbrain, and pons. Interestingly, rare but characteristic signs of WD, such as “face of the giant panda,” were shown in this case. WD diagnosis was further established by decreased ceruloplasmin level and ATP7B (adenosine-triphosphatase copper transporting beta polypeptide) gene mutations.

Conclusions:
We describe acute insomnia as the initial manifestation of WD in a 21-year-old male patient. Timely diagnosis allows for early copper-eliminating pharmacotherapy, which is of high prognostic importance, as the patient may be more responsive to treatment at this point.