bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching as constructive-developmental leadership
Authors: M. Novicevic Milorad , Humphreys John , Ronald Buckley M. , Roberts Foster , Hebdon Andrew , Kim Jaemin 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to derive practical recommendations from Follett's conceptualization of the student-teacher relations.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper employs a narrative historical interpretation of Follett's speech, which was originally given at the Boston University in the late Fall of 1928, but for the first time published in 1970.

Findings
– Follett's conceptualization of the teacher-student relation resonated well with the contemporary conceptualization of constructive-developmental theory of leadership.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings of this study should be interpreted with recognition that the single case study has inherent limitations in terms of generalization.

Originality/value
– This paper offers unique practical recommendations for instructional methods of experiential learning based on reflection, problem solving and critical thinking, which are based on the authors' analysis of Follett's works and constructive-developmental scholarship.
The growing threat of money laundering to Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Le Chat 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– The paper aims to sketch out the scenario of money laundering (ML) in Vietnam and the harm ML may cause to the country.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper first, based on the general concept of ML, scrutinizes actual and potential ML in Vietnam as well as ML threat to Vietnam. The typical cases of predicate offences, which were associated with ML activity, will be provided to illustrate the fact. Then a brief of Vietnam's response to ML will be examined.

Findings
– ML has actually occurred since early in Vietnam. The potential for ML in Vietnam is substantial and poses growing harm to Vietnam in both the respects of economy and security. Although Vietnam has the primary legal framework of AML and set out AML countermeasures, the implementation has been hindered by several factors.

Originality/value
– This paper would attract the attention of people who are concerned about ML in Vietnam.
Enforcement of foreign restraining orders
Authors: Dante Cassella Stefan 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– This article aims to discuss the problems that the USA encountered when it first attempted to enact and apply legislation designed to facilitate the enforcement of foreign asset-preservation orders, the remedial legislation enacted to address those problems, and the recent success the US Government has had under that new legislation in restraining assets at the request of foreign courts so that they may be forfeited under foreign law.

Design/methodology/approach
– The article reviews the legislative history of the statute enacted to permit the enforcement of foreign restraining orders and analyzes the cases applying that statute before and after its amendment in 2010.

Findings
– Legislation in the USA now permits the federal courts to register and enforce orders issued by foreign courts for the purpose of preserving assets that are subject to forfeiture under foreign law.

Originality/value
– This is a cutting edge topic in which there has been a great deal of new law in the past three years.
Educational use of smart phone technology
Authors: Reese Bomhold Catharine 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– This paper aims to present the results of a survey of undergraduate student use of smart phone applications.

Design/methodology/approach
– Undergraduate students currently enrolled in an information literacy course answered an online survey regarding their use of applications (apps) on their smart phones.

Findings
– However, still a small percentage of most frequently used apps (10.4 percent), search engines, online encyclopedias, and libraries are used by undergraduate students. The apps used most often are familiar to them and allow mobile access to popular web sites available on personal computers. Furthermore, a significant number (76 percent) of undergraduate students also report that they use apps to find academic information. The type of app most frequently used to find academic information is search engines.

Originality/value
– This research provides evidence on the actual use of mobile devices by students for library administrators and educators interested in developing integrated mobile academic library applications.
Service quality measurement for secondary school setting
Authors: Ramseook-Munhurrun Prabha , Nundlall Pushpa 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop and evaluate a service quality measurement scale for a secondary school setting in Mauritius.

Design/methodology/approach
– Research was conducted in two stages. First, a focus group method with the educators was used to identify the service quality dimensions and scale items. Study 2 used the exploratory factor analysis to group the service dimensions into latent “service factors”. The sample data were collected through a survey among educators from secondary schools.

Findings
– Factor analysis was used to develop a valid and reliable service quality measurement scale. The results of this study indicated that secondary education service quality is a multidimensional construct made up of five dimensions, namely school facilities, reliability, responsiveness, empathy and assurance-discipline.

Research limitations/implications
– Since, the study took place in only one of the four secondary educational zones in Mauritius, increasing the sample base in terms of zones, number of schools and respondents could provide safer generalisations of findings.

Practical implications
– This study provided insights for school administrators. The five dimensions clarified how educators form their quality perceptions toward the secondary schools. The study provides a useful tool for regular monitoring of quality in order to identify strengths and areas of improvement in the secondary education setting.

Originality/value
– This paper extends the service quality scale into the secondary school context. The proposed new scale expresses main service quality parameters that secondary schools could cater for to evaluate service delivery.
Individual personalities predict social behaviour in wild networks of great tits (Parus major)
Authors: Aplin L. M. , Farine D. R. , Morand‐Ferron J. , Cole E. F. , Cockburn A. , Sheldon B. C. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractSocial environments have an important effect on a range of ecological processes, and form a crucial component of selection. However, little is known of the link between personality, social behaviour and population structure. We combine a well‐understood personality trait with large‐scale social networks in wild songbirds, and show that personality underpins multiple aspects of social organisation. First, we demonstrate a relationship between network centrality and personality with ‘proactive’ (fast‐exploring) individuals associating weakly with greater numbers of conspecifics and moving between flocks. Second, temporal stability of associations relates to personality: ‘reactive’ (slow‐exploring) birds form synergistically stable relationships. Finally, we show that personality influences social structure, with males non‐randomly distributed across groups. These results provide strong evidence that songbirds follow alternative social strategies related to personality. This has implications not only for the causes of social network structure but also for the strength and direction of selection on personality in natural populations.
The responses of healthcare professionals to the admission of people with cognitive impairment to acute hospital settings: an observational and interview study
Authors: Clissett Philip , Porock Davina , Harwood Rowan H , Gladman John RF 
Published: September 2013

Aims and objectivesTo explore the responses of healthcare professionals to the admission of people with cognitive impairment to the acute hospital setting.BackgroundWhile improving care for people with dementia has been identified as a national priority, providing appropriate care in acute hospitals for people with comorbid cognitive impairment presents challenges to healthcare professionals.DesignBased on the principles of ethnography, this was a qualitative interview and nonparticipation observational study.MethodsSeventy‐two hours of nonparticipant observations of care together with semi‐structured interviews with family carers of 34 older people who had been admitted to a UK general hospital and had a cognitive impairment. Interviews and observations were conducted in 2009 and 2010. Analysis was undertaken using Strauss and Corbin's framework.ResultsThe results identified a core problem, ‘disruption’, and a core process, ‘gaining or giving a sense of control to cope with disruption’. Healthcare professionals respond to the disruption in three ways: by acting to preserve the personhood of the individual; by seeking to protect themselves from the stresses associated with caring for the person with cognitive impairment; and by suspending the personhood of the individual.ConclusionWhere healthcare professionals acted to suspend the personhood of the patient, they appeared to be demonstrating signs of ‘burnout’.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is a need both to challenge poor practice and for positive development work with healthcare professionals who work in acute hospitals with people with dementia and cognitive impairment so that they are equipped with the skills, emotional resilience and organisational support to be effective in meeting the needs of people with dementia and cognitive impairment.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Single Oral Dose of Recombinant Double Mutant Heat-Labile Toxin Derived from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Authors: El-Kamary Samer S. , Cohen Mitchell B. , Bourgeois A. Louis , Van De Verg Lillian , Bauers Nicole , Reymann Mardi , Pasetti Marcela F. , Chen Wilbur H. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC) is a primary cause of traveler's diarrhea for which there is no licensed vaccine. This phase 1 trial determined the safety and immunogenicity of a recombinantly produced double mutant heat-labile enterotoxin (dmLT) of ETEC. It was administered as a single oral dose of dmLT in escalating doses of 5 μg, 25 μg, 50 μg, and 100 μg, followed by a 72-h inpatient observation, outpatient visits at 8, 14, and 28 days, and telephone calls at 2 and 6 months postvaccination. Safety was assessed by frequency of adverse events, and immune responses determined after immunization included dmLT-specific serum IgA and IgG, fecal IgA, antibody-secreting cells (ASC), and antibodies in lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) responses. All doses were well tolerated by the 36 healthy adults enrolled. Immune responses were limited in the 5- and 25-μg dose recipients. The 50-μg dose recipients trended toward stronger responses than the 100-μg dose recipients by serum IgA (67% versus 33%,
P
= 0.22), serum IgG (58% versus 33%,
P
= 0.41), and fecal IgA (58% versus 33%,
P
= 0.41). By day 14 postvaccination, there were significantly more positive responders (≥4-fold increase from baseline) among the 50- versus 100-μg dose recipients for serum IgA (
P
= 0.036) but not serum IgG (
P
= 0.21). In conclusion, a single oral dose of dmLT was well tolerated and immunogenic, with immune responses plateauing at the 50-μg dose. (This clinical trial is registered at
www.clinicaltrials.gov
, registration number NCT01147445.)
Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Human Rhino- and Enteroviruses in Clinical Specimens by Real-Time PCR with Locked Nucleic Acid Probes
Authors: Österback Riikka , Tevaluoto Tuire , Ylinen Tiina , Peltola Ville , Susi Petri , Hyypiä Timo , Waris Matti 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) and human enteroviruses (HEVs) are significant respiratory pathogens. While HRV infections are restricted to the respiratory tract, HEV infections may spread to secondary target organs. The method of choice for sensitive specific detection of these viruses is reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with primers targeting the conserved 5′ noncoding region of the viral RNA. On the other hand, sequence similarities between HRVs and HEVs complicate their differential detection. In this study, we describe the use of locked nucleic acid (LNA) analogues in short double-dye probes which contained only two selectively HRV- or HEV-specific bases. The double-stranded DNA dye BOXTO (4-[6-(benzoxazole-2-yl-(3-methyl-)-2,3-dihydro-(benzo-1,3-thiazole)-2-methylidene)]-1-methyl-quinolinium chloride) was used with the LNA probes in a tricolor real-time PCR assay to allow specific detection of HRVs (probes labeled with 6-carboxyfluorescein [FAM] [green]) and HEVs (Cy5 [red]) with additional melting curve analysis (BOXTO [yellow]). The functionality of the probes was validated in PCR and RT-PCR assays using plasmids containing viral cDNA, quantified viral RNA transcripts, cultivated rhino- and enterovirus prototypes, and clinical specimens. Of 100 HRV and 63 HEV prototypes, the probes correctly identified all HEVs except one that produced only a BOXTO signal. Among 118 clinical specimens with sequencing results, concordant results were obtained for 116 specimens. Two specimens were reactive with both probes, but sequencing yielded only a single virus. Real-time PCR with LNA probes allowed sensitive group-specific identification of HRVs and HEVs and would enable relative copy number determination. The assay is suitable for rapid and accurate differential detection of HRVs and HEVs in a diagnostic laboratory setting.
Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes by Use of Illumigene Group A Streptococcus Assay
Authors: Henson Amanda M. , Carter Donna , Todd Kathleen , Shulman Stanford T. , Zheng Xiaotian 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

The performance of the Illumigene group A
Streptococcus
assay was evaluated by comparing it to culture using 437 consecutive throat swabs. The Illumigene assay was also directly compared to PCR with 161 samples. This Illumigene assay is rapid and easy to perform. The assay also has high sensitivity (100%) compared to culture or PCR and high specificity (99.2%) compared to PCR. A total of 8.8% of the isolates were erythromycin resistant, and 6.9% were clindamycin resistant.
Sampling and Decontamination Method for Culture of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Respiratory Samples of Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: De Bel Annelies , De Geyter Deborah , De Schutter Iris , Mouton Christine , Wellemans Isabelle , Hanssens Laurence , Schelstraete Petra , Malfroot Anne , Pierard Denis 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTWe confirmed that chlorhexidine decontamination yielded more nontuberculous mycobacteria than did theN-acetyl-l-cysteine-NaOH-oxalic acid procedure from respiratory samples of cystic fibrosis patients on solid cultures. However, this improved recovery is mostly balanced if the latter is combined with liquid culture. Furthermore, none of the 145 cough swabs, used to sample young children, cultured positive, suggesting that swabs are low-quality samples.
Clinical Evaluation of a Real-Time PCR Assay for Identification of Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter (Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli), and Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates in Stool Specimens
Authors: Buchan Blake W. , Olson Wendy J. , Pezewski Michael , Marcon Mario J. , Novicki Thomas , Uphoff Timothy S. , Chandramohan Lakshmi , Revell Paula , Ledeboer Nathan A. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Enteric illness affects millions of individuals annually in the United States and results in >50,000 hospitalizations. The rapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens associated with gastroenteritis can aid acute patient management decisions, including the use of antibiotic therapy and infection control. This study compared the ProGastro SSCS multiplex real-time PCR assay (Gen-Probe Prodesse, San Diego, CA) to culture for the identification of
Campylobacter
spp. (
Campylobacter jejuni
and
Campylobacter coli
),
Salmonella
spp., and
Shigella
spp. and to broth enrichment followed by an FDA-cleared enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the identification of Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli
(STEC) isolates in stool specimens. Stool samples submitted in preservatives for routine culture and EIA were prospectively enrolled and tested at four clinical centers. Discrepancies between the ProGastro SSCS assay and culture or EIA were resolved using bidirectional sequencing. The overall prevalence of the pathogens as detected by culture was 5.6% (1.8%
Campylobacter
, 1.8%
Salmonella
, 1.3%
Shigella
, and 0.8% STEC). When results based on the ProGastro SSCS assay and bidirectional sequencing were applied, the overall prevalence increased to 8.3% (2.3%
Campylobacter
, 2.6%
Salmonella
, 1.8%
Shigella
, and 1.6% STEC). Following resolution of the discrepant results, the sensitivity of the ProGastro SSCS assay was 100% for all pathogens, and the specificities ranged from 99.4% to 100%. The sensitivity of culture compared to sequence-confirmed ProGastro SSCS results ranged from 52.9% to 76.9%, with the specificities ranging from 99.9% to 100%. Overall, these results suggest that the ProGastro SSCS assay is highly sensitive and specific in a clinical setting.
West Nile Virus Genome with Glycosylated Envelope Protein and Deletion of Alpha Helices 1, 2, and 4 in the Capsid Protein Is Noninfectious and Efficiently Secretes Subviral Particles
Authors: Roby Justin A. , Hall Roy A. , Khromykh Alexander A. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Flavivirus genomes with deletions in the capsid (C) gene are attractive vaccine candidates, as they secrete highly immunogenic subviral particles (SVPs) without generating infectious virus. Here, we report that cytomegalovirus promoter-driven cDNA of West Nile virus Kunjin (KUNV) containing a glycosylation motif in the envelope (E) gene and a combined deletion of alpha helices 1, 2, and 4 in C produces significantly more SVPs than KUNV cDNAs with nonglycosylated E and various other deletions in C.
A Unique and Conserved Neutralization Epitope in H5N1 Influenza Viruses Identified by an Antibody against the A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96 Hemagglutinin
Authors: Zhu Xueyong , Guo Yong-Hui , Jiang Tao , Wang Ya-Di , Chan Kwok-Hung , Li Xiao-Feng , Yu Wenli , McBride Ryan , Paulson James C. , Yuen Kwok-Yung , Qin Cheng-Feng , Che Xiao-Yan , Wilson Ian A. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Despite substantial efforts to control and contain H5N1 influenza viruses, bird flu viruses continue to spread and evolve. Neutralizing antibodies against conserved epitopes on the viral hemagglutinin (HA) could confer immunity to the diverse H5N1 virus strains and provide information for effective vaccine design. Here, we report the characterization of a broadly neutralizing murine monoclonal antibody, H5M9, to most H5N1 clades and subclades that was elicited by immunization with viral HA of A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96 (H5N1), the immediate precursor of the current dominant strains of H5N1 viruses. The crystal structures of the Fab′ fragment of H5M9 in complexes with H5 HAs of A/Vietnam/1203/2004 and A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96 reveal a conserved epitope in the HA1 vestigial esterase subdomain that is some distance from the receptor binding site and partially overlaps antigenic site C of H3 HA. Further epitope characterization by selection of escape mutants and epitope mapping by flow cytometry analysis of site-directed mutagenesis of HA with a yeast cell surface display identified four residues that are critical for H5M9 binding. D53, Y274, E83a, and N276 are all conserved in H5N1 HAs and are not in H5 epitopes identified by other mouse or human antibodies. Antibody H5M9 is effective in protection of H5N1 virus both prophylactically and therapeutically and appears to neutralize by blocking both virus receptor binding and postattachment steps. Thus, the H5M9 epitope identified here should provide valuable insights into H5N1 vaccine design and improvement, as well as antibody-based therapies for treatment of H5N1 infection.
Displacement of the C Terminus of Herpes Simplex Virus gD Is Sufficient To Expose the Fusion-Activating Interfaces on gD
Authors: Gallagher John R. , Saw Wan Ting , Atanasiu Doina , Lou Huan , Eisenberg Roselyn J. , Cohen Gary H. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Viral entry by herpes simplex virus (HSV) is executed and tightly regulated by four glycoproteins. While several viral glycoproteins can mediate viral adhesion to host cells, only binding of gD to cellular receptor can activate core fusion proteins gB and gH/gL to execute membrane fusion and viral entry. Atomic structures of gD bound to receptor indicate that the C terminus of the gD ectodomain must be displaced before receptor can bind to gD, but it is unclear which conformational changes in gD activate membrane fusion. We rationally designed mutations in gD to displace the C terminus and observe if fusion could be activated without receptor binding. Using a cell-based fusion assay, we found that gD V231W induced cell-cell fusion in the absence of receptor. Using recombinant gD V231W protein, we observed binding to conformationally sensitive antibodies or HSV receptor and concluded that there were changes proximal to the receptor binding interface, while the tertiary structure of gD V231W was similar to that of wild-type gD. We used a biosensor to analyze the kinetics of receptor binding and the extent to which the C terminus blocks binding to receptor. We found that the C terminus of gD V231W was enriched in the open or displaced conformation, indicating a mechanism for its function. We conclude that gD V231W triggers fusion through displacement of its C terminus and that this motion is indicative of how gD links receptor binding to exposure of interfaces on gD that activate fusion via gH/gL and gB.
Retrovirus Glycoprotein Functionality Requires Proper Alignment of the Ectodomain and the Membrane-Proximal Cytoplasmic Tail
Authors: Janaka Sanath Kumar , Gregory Devon A. , Johnson Marc C. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Nonnative viral glycoproteins, including Friend murine leukemia virus envelope (F-MLV Env) are actively recruited to HIV-1 assembly sites by an unknown mechanism. Because interactions with the lipid microenvironment at budding sites could contribute to recruitment, we examined the contribution of the hydrophobicity of the F-MLV Env membrane-spanning domain (MSD) to its incorporation into HIV-1 particles. A series of F-MLV Env mutants that added or deleted one, two, or three leucines in the MSD were constructed. All six mutants retained the ability to be incorporated into HIV-1 particles, but the −1L, −2L, −3L, +1L, and +2L mutants were not capable of producing infectious particles. Surprisingly, the +3L Env glycoprotein was able to produce infectious particles and was constitutively fusogenic. However, when the cytoplasmic tail domains (CTDs) in the Env constructs were deleted, all six of the MSD mutants were able to produce infectious particles. Further mutational analyses revealed that the first 10 amino acids of the CTD is a critical regulator of infectivity. A similar phenotype was observed in HIV-1 Env upon addition of leucines in the MSD, with +1 and +2 leucine mutations greatly reducing Env activity, but +3 leucine mutations behaving similar to the wild type. Unlike F-MLV Env (+1L and +2L), HIV-1 Env (+1L and +2L) infectivity was not restored by deletion of the CTD. We hypothesize that the CTD forms a coiled-coil that disrupts the protein's functionality if it is not in phase with the trimer interface of the ectodomain.