bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Funerary practices in Old Kingdom Egypt revealed through a cross-disciplinary study of a mummy with painted bandages from Gebelein (Upper Egypt)
Authors: Boano Rosa , Marochetti Elisa Fiore , Mangiapane Gianluigi , Dee Michael W. , Genta Roberta , Zenucchini Francesca , Piccirillo Anna , Carnazza Gino , Vaudano Giacomo Paolo , Favero-Longo Sergio E. , Laura Guglielmone , Ruffinatto Flavio , Spiteri Cynthianne , Demarchi Beatrice 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The present study provides new data on funerary practices performed during the Old Kingdom at Gebelein (Upper Egypt) through a multidisciplinary analysis of a complete wrapped body with painted face bandages (S16731), which we radiocarbon dated to the 4th dynasty. The painting was revealed by the innovative laser-based cleaning method that was used to remove the compact layer of dust from the linen bandages. To our knowledge, this is the oldest securely-dated mummy that reproduces facial features through paintings on bandages. Old Kingdom mummies are rarely represented in museum collections; therefore, our research offers a unique insight into the little-known evolution of embalming practices during the Early Dynasties of Egypt.
The analyses carried out on the mummy, which is currently held at the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography of the University of Turin (Italy) provided novel results, with CT scans showed a peculiar displacement of the thoracic and pelvic bone suggesting that the individual was in a decomposed state at the time of wrapping while chemical analyses confirmed the use of resin, soil/earth and gypsum for the treatment of the body.
This rare and remarkable example of an Old Kingdom embalmed body, with its unique equipment, clearly demonstrates how mummification practices during the early dynasties were already characterised by a very high level of care and skill.
A Guide to Cognitive Health: Mini-cog Testing and Investigation of Delirium Risk With Tiva-sevofluran Use
Authors: DURAN Harun Tolga , KIZILKAYA Mehmet , AYDINLI Aslı , OSMANTEVFİK Sadık , TAŞTAN Serkan , KILINÇ Osman Özgür , PİRHAN Yavuz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Our aim was to investigate the effect of preoperative Mini-Cog scores and intraoperative sevoflurane TIVA use on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery.
Methods
84 patients over 60 years of age who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery between 1 March − 1 October 2023 were included. Patients with a Mini-Cog score of 1-2-3 were considered to have low and possibly impaired neurocognitive function, and patients with a score of 4–5 were considered normal. Delirium in the early postoperative hours was compared in patients with low-normal Mini-Cog scores and in patients receiving sevoflurane-TIVA.
Results
The proportion of patients with low Mini-Cog score in the preoperative period was 17.9%. Sevoflurane was used in 41 patients and TIVA was used in 43 patients. The rate of low Mini-Cog score was 19.5%-16.3%. As a result of categorical adjustments, early postoperative delirium was higher in patients with low Mini-Cog scores and in patients in whom sevoflurane was used.
Conclusion
Low Mini-Cog score is a predictor of early postoperative delirium and sevoflurane use may increase this rate.
Transforming Law Enforcement: Exploiting Big Data Science and Data Analytics for Precision Decision-Making and Crime Pattern Anticipation in Police Operations
Authors: Syed Sadia , Albalawi Eid Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In modern law enforcement, the integration of data science and analytics has become instrumental in enhancing decision-making processes and proactively addressing crime patterns. This paper investigates the potential of these technologies within initiatives like the Smart Policing Station, emphasizing their transformative role in law enforcement agencies. A key contribution is the introduction of the Crime Prediction and Recognition (CPR) algorithm, a novel approach designed to excel in data analysis tasks crucial for crime prevention. The CPR algorithm utilizes a fusion of machine learning and pattern recognition techniques to forecast and identify crime patterns with remarkable accuracy. Through a meticulous implementation strategy, leveraging techniques such as feature engineering, ensemble learning, and model optimization, the CPR algorithm achieves outstanding performance in crime prediction tasks. Moreover, the paper provides a comprehensive analysis of empirical results obtained from applying the CPR algorithm to real-world crime data. These results showcase the algorithm's effectiveness in identifying subtle correlations and trends within complex datasets, enabling law enforcement agencies to anticipate and mitigate criminal activities proactively. By offering detailed insights into the techniques employed and presenting compelling empirical evidence, this paper underscores the potential of data-driven approaches in transforming law enforcement operations and bolstering public safety.
A Cross Sectional Study on Socio-demographic Profile of Deceased due to suspected poisoning coming for autopsy in FMT Department IGIMS, Patna, Bihar
Authors: Prasad Mukesh , Kumar Sanjeev , Singh Nawal Kumar , Goel Nikhil , Kumar Aman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The definition of poison has changed to its present form, which is any substance that, when administered, inhaled, or ingested, is capable of acting deleteriously on the human body. Poisoning is represented by these four elements: cause, subject, effect, and consequence. Previously, the cases of poisoning were mostly accidental, but presently, poisoning is the most common mode of committing suicide. Acute pesticide poisoning is one of the most common causes of intentional death worldwide.
Objective: To assess the pattern of suspected poisoning cases.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on medicolegal autopsies of suspected poisoning caused by death conducted at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology (FMT), Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna, over a period of six years (01 January 2016 to 31 December 2021) to study the pattern of suspected poisoning cases.
Inclusion criteria -1. All patients with suspected poisoning deaths underwent medicolegal postmortem examination. Exclusion criteria -1. Decomposed bodies. 2. Unidentified bodies.
Results: During the study period, 146 patients with suspected poisoning were examined. A maximum of 29 patients were diagnosed in 2019. The most common age group involved was 21-40 years (n= 72). There were more males (72.6%) than females. People from urban areas were affected, with n = 98. Married persons (n= 106) were more affected. People of middle socioeconomic status were more affected (n = 91). Cases were more frequently observed in the summer (April- June) season, for which n = 50. The oral route of exposure was used in 133 patients. A total of 80.14% of the patients were suicidal in nature.
Conclusions: Public education programs about suicide are an important component of suicide prevention programs that should aim at changing prevailing attitudes. A significant number of deaths can be prevented by providing local first-aid kits, better training of physicians, and faster transportation to hospitals, ensuring that adequate supplies of antidotes and essential hospital equipment are readily available. Data from poison information centers can help in planning methods to prevent further suicides.
Reducing sample size by clustering: A way to make risk assessment feasible for large groups of organic compounds?
Authors: Hoondert Renske P. J. , Wols B. A. , Bäuerlein Patrick Steven 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

This research addresses the presence of substances of very high concern (SVHCs) confronting the drinking water sector. Responding adequately to the potential hazards by SVHCs, knowledge of emission pathways, toxicity, presence in drinking water sources, and removability during water production is crucial. As this information cannot be received for each compound individually, we employed a detailed clustering approach based on chemical properties and structures of SVHCs from lists with over 1,000 compounds. Through this process, 915 substances were divided into 51 clusters. We tested this clustering in risk assessment. To assess the risks, we developed toxicity prediction models utilizing random forests and multiple linear regression. These models were applied to make toxicity predictions for the list of compounds. This study shows that clustering is a viable approach to reducing sample size. In addition, the toxicity models provide insights into the potential human health risks. This research contributes to more informed decision-making and improved risk assessment in the drinking water sector, aiding in the protection of human health and the environment. This principle is generally applicable. If in a group a suitable representative is found, data from experiments with this compound can be used to gauge the behaviour of chemicals in this group.
Performance of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and multi-staged UASB in anaerobic digestion process for treating leachate from refuse transfer stations under loading shocks
Authors: Jin Cong , Wu Xiongwei , Ping Li , Wu Jinhua 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

This study compared an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) with a multi-staged UASB (MS-UASB) to investigate the effects of loading shocks on the anaerobic digestion in both reactors. Both reactors were subjected to five hydraulic/organic loading shocks, each lasting 3 days. During the hydraulic shock with the highest organic loading rate (OLR) (OLR of 24 g COD L−1 d−1), MS-UASB and ABR exhibited minimum effluent COD removal efficiency of 90.9 and 73.0%, with average methane concentrations decreasing to 62.4 ± 0.9% and 59.8 ± 3.0%. Under the highest organic shock (OLR of 12 g COD L−1 d−1), the minimum effluent COD removal efficiency of MS-UASB and ABR was 81.5 and 73.4%, with average methane concentrations decreasing to 60.4 ± 1.1% and 58.6 ± 0.8%. After the hydraulic and organic shock phase, the biomass concentration in the MS-UASB reached 159 and 130% of the ABR, respectively. The reason for the improved operational stability of the MS-UASB is due to the presence of the solid/liquid/gas separator, which promotes the formation of granular sludge and reduces biomass washout. In addition, MS-UASB exhibited a higher abundance of the syntrophic bacterium Candidatus cloacamonas, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of anaerobic digestion systems.
Total Flavonoids Isolated from the Leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Augment Peak Bone Mass in Female Rats and Show no Side Effects in Other Organs
Authors: Zhang Yun , Yang Mingzhen , Li Ningli , Li Qin , Li Yingying , Zhai Yuankun 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Eucommia ulmoides is a unique monophyletic and tertiary relict in China and is
listed as a national second-class precious protected tree species. Eucommia ulmoides, recognized as a traditional
Chinese medicine, can tonify the liver and kidneys and strengthen bones and muscles. Modern pharmacological
research has proved that Eucommia ulmoides has multiple osteoprotective effects, including prohibiting
the occurrence of osteoporosis and arthritis and enhancing the healing of bone fractures and bone defects.

Aim:
To check its osteotropic effects, which may provide ideas for its potential use for the development of
novel drugs to treat osteoporosis, this study evaluated the effect of total flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides
leaves (TFEL) on the acquisition of Peak Bone Mass (PBM) in young female rats.

Materials and Methods:
TFEL was isolated, and its purity was confirmed by using a UV spectrophotometer.
TFEL with a purity of 85.09% was administered to 6-week-old female rats by oral gavage at a low (50), mid
(100), or high (200 mg/kg/d) dose, and the control group was administrated only with the same volume of water.
After 13 weeks of treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and serum, different organs, and limb bones (femurs
and tibias) were harvested, and the bone turnover markers, organ index, Bone Mineral Density (BMD), biomechanical
property, and microstructure parameters were assayed. Furthermore, molecular targets were
screened, and network pharmacology analyses were conducted to reveal the potential mechanisms of action of
TFEL.

Results:
Oral administration of TFEL for 13 weeks decreased the serum level of bone resorption marker
TRACP-5b. As revealed by micro-computer tomography analysis, it elevated BMD even at a low dose (50
mg/kg/d) and improved the microstructural parameters, which were also confirmed by H&E histological staining.
However, TFEL showed no effects on body weights, organ index, and micromorphology in the uterus. In
our network pharmacology study, an intersection analysis screened out 64 shared targets, with quercetin,
kaempferol, naringenin, and apigenin regulating the greatest number of targets associated with osteoporosis.
Flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides inhibited the occurrence of osteoporosis potentially through targeting signaling
pathways for calcium, VEGF, IL-17, and NF-κB. Furthermore, AKT1, EGFR, PTGS2, VEGFA, and
CALM were found to be potentially important target genes for the osteoprotective effects of flavonoids in
Eucommia ulmoides.

Conclusion:
The above results suggested that TFEL can be used to elevate the peak bone mass in adolescence
in female individuals, which may prevent the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and the good safety
of TFEL also suggests that it can be used as a food additive for daily life to improve the bone health.
The Relationship between SNAP25 and Some Common Human Neurological
Syndromes
Authors: Shu Jie , Peng Fan , Li Jing , Liu Yuhang , Li Xiaolan , Yuan Chengfu 
Published: July 2024

:
Over the years, research on the pathogenesis of neurological diseases has progressed slowly worldwide.
However, as the incidence rate continues to increase and the disease gradually develops, early diagnosis
and treatment have become a top priority. SANP25, a protein present on the presynaptic membrane and involved
in neurotransmitter release, is closely related to the loss or abnormal expression of synapses and neurons.
SNAP25 deficiency can lead to synaptic disorders and inhibit neurotransmitter release. Therefore, a large
amount of literature believes that SNAP25 gene mutation is a risk factor for many neurological diseases. This
review used advanced search on PubMed to conduct extensive article searches for relevant literature. The
search keywords included SNAP25 and Alzheimer's disease, SNAP25 and Parkinson's disease, and so on. After
reading and summarizing the previous papers, the corresponding conclusions were obtained to achieve the
purpose of the review. The deficiency or variation of SNAP25 might be related to the onset of schizophrenia,
epilepsy, attention deficit/hypoactivity disorder, bipolar disorder effective disorder, and autism. SNAP25 has
been found to be used as a neuropathological marker for neurological diseases, which could be the target of diagnosis
or treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) or blood has
been found to enable more effective drug development.
Synthesis of Polyoxygenated 4,5-Diarylpyridazines with Antiproliferative and Antitubulin Activity via Inverse Electron-Demand Diels-Alder Reaction of 1,2,4,5- Tetrazine
Authors: Adaeva Olga I. , Demchuk Dmitry V. , Dolotov Roman A. , Kuptsova Tatiana S. , Semenova Marina N. , Semenov Victor V. 
Published: July 2024

:
The synthesis of a series of multifunctionalized 4,5-diarylpyridazines via inverse electron-demand
Diels-Alder reaction between highly oxygenated diarylacetylenes and unsubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetrazine was developed using polyalkoxybenzenes isolated from industrial essential oils as starting material. The reaction proceeded smoothly to afford combretastatin A-4 analogs with pyridazine linker in consistently high yield. In a
phenotypic sea urchin embryo assay, diarylpyridazine with 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl and 3-amino-4-
methoxyphenyl aryl rings was identified as a potent antimitotic microtubule-destabilizing compound.
Chitosan-Based Nano/Biomaterials in Bone Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine: Recent Progress and Advances
Authors: Jafari Taha , Naghib Seyed Morteza , Mozafari M. R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
The biopolymer chitosan, which is derived from chitin, has shown great promise for
tissue regeneration and regulated drug delivery. Its broad-spectrum antibacterial action, low toxicity, biocompatibility, and many other attributes make it appealing for use in biomedical applications. Crucially, chitosan may be synthesized into a range of forms that can be customized to
provide desired results, such as hydrogels, membranes, scaffolds, and nanoparticles. Hydrogels
that are biocompatible and self-healing are innovative soft materials with considerable potential
for use in biomedical applications. Hydrogels that self-heal using chitosan, which are mostly
made by dynamic imine linkages, have gained a lot of interest because of their great biocompatibility, moderate preparation requirements, and capacity to mend themselves in a physiological
setting. In this study, a summary of the applications of chitosan-based self-healing hydrogels in
bone, cartilage, and tooth tissue regeneration and drug delivery is provided. Lastly, we have
mentioned the difficulties and potential outcomes for the biomedical field's creation of hydrogels
based on chitosan that can mend themselves.
Pistacia vera and its Combination with Cisplatin: A Potential Anticancer Candidate by Modulating Apoptotic Genes
Authors: Khanamani Falahati-Pour Soudeh , Torabizadeh Seyedeh Atekeh , Baghery Fatemeh , Noroozi-Karimabad Mojgan 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Many bioactive phytochemicals have essential significance for handling various diseases
and developing new drugs. The aim was to investigate the anti-tumor activity and the underlying mechanisms of
pistachio pericarp extract (PPE) and pistachio kernel extract (PKE) alone and combined with cisplatin (CP) in the
treatment of prostate cancer.

Methods:
fThe effects of the PPE, PKE, and CP alone and PPE and PKE in combination with CP (PPE+CP and
PKE+CP) on the proliferation of PC-3 cells were determined using the MTT assay. The fold changes of BAX,
BCL-2, P53, KLK2, TNF, TGF, and NANOG expression against β-actin were determined by real-time technique.
Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and repeated measure tests.

Results:
These research results indicated that a greater anti-proliferative effect of the PPE and PKE was shown in
combination with CP compared with treatments using the PPE and PKE or CP alone. The extracts and Cisplatin
in vitro had good synergistic effects on the inhibition of the proliferation of PC-3 cells. The IC50 values of
PKE+CP were 4.141, 2.140, and 0.884 ug/mL, and PPE+CP were 2.754, 2.061, and 0.753 ug/mL after 24 h, 48 h,
and 72h treatment, respectively. Also, this result presented that the mRNA expression of BAX and P53 increased,
and BCL-2, KLK2, TNF, TGF, and NANOG decreased in PC-3 cells.

Conclusions:
The finding of this research showed for the first time the anti-carcinogenesis effects of separately
and in the combination of PPE, PKE, and CP on the PC-3 prostate cancer cells via modulating some genes and
that it may be nominated for the herbal anti-cancer medications.
Assessment of Physical and Chemical Quality Standards for Water and Sanitation Disclosure Towards SDG 6: A Study in Wijimulyo, Nanggulan, Kulon Progo Regency
Authors: Kurniawan Muhammad Prasetya , Wibowo Setyawan Bekti , Hidayah Nurulia , Santoso Probo , Octaviani Danis Syalwa , Larasati Errika Anggraini , Rachman Atika Yulia , Nurramdhana Almaira Daffa , Mahardini Gunawan Citra Aulia 
Published: July 2024

Collaboration between academics, educators, students, village civil servants, and the community is needed to implement Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6. It is related to clean water and sanitation in the context of training vocational teachers and students to provide it to the community. First, measurements were made of the water quality around the research area. Sixty-three water samples were drawn from each resident's home's water supply. A multi-parameter water quality checker was used to evaluate the samples, and then spatial data processing was used. A temperature of 24.1 C, turbidity of 0.4 NTU, conductivity of 0.4 mS/cm, pH 7.1, salinity of 0.2 ppt, DO of 5.9 mg/l, and TDS value of 267 mg/l were measured. These average results indicate that the water quality satisfies both Indonesian National Standard 3553:2015 and the water quality criteria set by the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Regulation No. 2 Year 2023. However, the results of tracking every sampling location show that several samples fall short of water quality requirements because of the high mineral content, weather, and other factors. Every school and community organization needs to run scenarios to raise awareness about water quality standards involving the government, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector to implement SDGs 6, such as stakeholder engagement, community enhancement, and policy and regulation.
Analysis the Effect of Different Surface Preparation Methods on Corrosion Resistance and Adhesion Strength of ASTM A36 Steel Substrate with Surface Tolerant Epoxy Paint as Coating Material
Authors: Wijaya Irwan , Aqila Daffa , Riastuti Rini , Ramadhani Rizal T 
Published: July 2024

In the industrial world, to extend the service life of materials, protection methods are carried out to slow down the material's corrosion rate. The protection method that is often used is the coating method. The coating method is a protection method by coating the substrate material using a coating material to prevent contact between the substrate material and the environment. In this research, the substrate material used is ASTM A36 steel and the coating material used is Surface Tolerant Epoxy paint. The independent variable used in this study lies in the surface preparation method which consists of: solvent cleaning, hand tool cleaning, power tool cleaning, power tool to bare metal cleaning, and abrasive blast cleaning. Different preparation methods result in different roughness and cleanliness of the surface. This can affect changes in the mechanical properties of the coating material, such as corrosion resistance and adhesion strength. Based on the corrosion resistance test, it is found that the abrasive blast cleaning and power tool to bare metal cleaning methods produce the highest corrosion resistance properties because both have a rating number of 8 in the salt spray test results. Based on the adhesion strength test, it is found that the abrasive blast cleaning method also produces the highest adhesion strength. This conclusion refers to the results of the tape x-cut test where the sample produces a rating number 5A where the sample does not experience peeling after testing. In addition, the abrasive blast cleaning method produced the highest adhesion strength in the pull-off test, which was 7.16 Mpa. Thus, the abrasive blast cleaning method is the most effective surface preparation method for ASTM A36 steel before being coated with the coating material. In addition, it can also be concluded that the higher the surface roughness of the sample, the better the corrosion resistance and adhesion strength.