bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contributions of Speech Timing and Articulatory Precision to Listener Perceptions of Intelligibility and Naturalness in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Frankford Saul A. , Estrada Alex , Stepp Cara E. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
Parkinson's disease (PD) results in hypokinetic dysarthria in as many as 90% of cases. Among the most distinctive features of hypokinetic dysarthria are atypical timing and articulatory imprecision in speech production. Here, we examined the contributions of perceived speech timing typicality and articulatory precision, both on their own and while controlling for the other, on intelligibility and naturalness in speakers with PD.

Method:
Twenty speakers with PD and four healthy older adults read aloud the first paragraph of the Rainbow Passage. Twenty inexperienced listeners with typical hearing listened to these recordings and rated intelligibility, naturalness, timing typicality, and articulatory precision using separate visual analog scales. Ratings were averaged across listeners and entered into linear regression models with intelligibility and naturalness as dependent variables and timing typicality and articulatory precision as independent variables in each.

Results:
Articulatory precision, but not timing typicality, was positively correlated with intelligibility on its own, but neither was associated with intelligibility after accounting for the other. Both timing typicality and articulatory precision were positively correlated with naturalness on their own as well as after controlling for the other variable.

Conclusion:
These results contribute to the overall understanding of speech factors associated with intelligibility and naturalness in speakers with PD and indicate that considering the unique contributions of related perceptual constructs may provide more information than bivariate relationships alone.
Charting the UK's path to net zero emissions by 2050: Challenges, strategies, and future directions
Authors: Shahzad Sulman , Faheem Muhammad , Muqeet Hafiz Abdul , Waseem Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe authors explore the various obstacles and possible approaches that the UK may take to fulfil its goal of having net‐zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The paper thoroughly examines several aspects of this project, such as the modernisation of infrastructure, the energy transition, the economic effects, the obstacles to research and development, changes in behaviour, and the frameworks for policy and regulation. With a 44% decrease from 1990 levels by 2021, it showcases the UK's noteworthy achievement in lowering emissions and its ambitious initiatives, such as the £12 billion Ten Point Plan, to accelerate this development. The difficulties of switching from reliance on fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, their implications for the economy, and the necessity of green technology innovation are all covered in the article. It also discusses the behavioural sides of this shift, highlighting the need to change one's lifestyle and engage the public. To address these issues, the importance of international cooperation and policymaking is emphasised. Insights into potential remedies are provided by the article, which includes energy efficiency initiatives, investments in renewable energy, assistance for clean technology R&D, green funding options, public awareness campaigns, international cooperation, and regulatory frameworks. Every one of these alternatives is examined for possible effects and obstacles. The article concludes that reaching net zero in the UK is a complex but necessary objective that calls for a concerted strategy that strikes a balance between social and economic concerns and environmental sustainability.
The factors that influence protostellar multiplicity
Authors: Murillo N. M. , Fuchs C. M. , Harsono D. , Sakai N. , Hacar A. , Johnstone D. , Mignon-Risse R. , Zeng S. , Hsieh T. H. , Yang Y. L. , Tobin J. J. , Persson M. V. 
Published: August 2024

Context. Protostellar multiplicity is common at all stages and mass ranges. However, the factors that determine the multiplicity of protostellar systems have not been systematically characterized through their molecular gas.
Aims. We characterize the physical properties of the Perseus molecular cloud at ≥5000 AU scales by mapping the diagnostic molecular lines.
Methods. We used Nobeyama 45m Radio Observatory (NRO) on-the-fly maps of HCN, HNC, HCO+, and N2H+ (J=1–0) toward five subregions in Perseus, complemented with single-pointing Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) observations of HNC (J = 4–3), to derive the physical parameters of the dense gas. The spatial resolutions of both observations were ~18″, which is equivalent to ~5000 AU scales at the distance of Perseus. The kinetic gas temperature was derived from the I(HCN)/I(HNC) J ratio, and the H2 density was obtained from the HNC J=4–3/J=1–0 ratio. These parameters were used to obtain the N2H+ (cold) and HCO+ (warm) gas masses. The inferred and derived parameters were then compared to source the parameters, including protostellar multiplicity, bolometric luminosity, and dust envelope mass.
Results. The inferred mean kinetic gas temperature (I(HCN)/I(HNC) J=1–0 ratio; ranging between 15 and 26 K), and H2 volumetric density (HNC J=4–3/J=1–0; 105−106 cm−3) are not correlated with multiplicity in Perseus. The derived gas and dust masses, 1.3 to 16 × 10−9 M⊙ for the cold-gas mass (N2H+), 0.1 to 25 M⊙ for the envelope dust masses (850 μm), and 0.8 to 10 × 10−10 M⊙ for the warm-gas mass (HCO+), are correlated to multiplicity and to the number of protostellar components. The warm-gas masses are lower by a factor of 16 than the cold-gas masses.
Conclusions. The gas and dust mass is correlated to multiplicity at ~5000 AU scales in Perseus. Higher-order multiples tend to have higher gas and dust masses in general, while close binaries (separations ≤7″) and single protostars have similar gas and dust mass distributions. On the other hand, the H2 density and kinetic gas temperature are not correlated with multiplicity.
Unveiling the HD 95086 system at mid-infrared wavelengths with JWST/MIRI
Authors: Mâlin Mathilde , Boccaletti Anthony , Perrot Clément , Baudoz Pierre , Rouan Daniel , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Waters Rens , Güdel Manuel , Henning Thomas , Vandenbussche Bart , Absil Olivier , Barrado David , Cossou Christophe , Decin Leen , Glauser Adrian M. , Pye John , Olofsson Goran , Glasse Alistair , Lahuis Fred , Patapis Polychronis , Royer Pierre , Scheithauer Silvia , Whiteford Niall , Serabyn Eugene , Choquet Elodie , Colina Luis , Ostlin Göran , Ray Tom P. , Wright Gillian 
Published: August 2024

Context. Mid-infrared imaging of exoplanets and disks is now possible with the coronographs of the Mid-InfraRed Instrument (MIRI) on theJames WebbSpace Telescope (JWST). This wavelength range unveils new features of young directly imaged systems and allows us to obtain new constraints for characterizing the atmosphere of young giant exoplanets and associated disks.Aims. These observations aim to characterize the atmosphere of the planet HD 95086 b by adding mid-infrared information so that the various hypotheses about its atmospheric parameters values can be unraveled. Improved images of cirsumstellar disks are provided.Methods. We present the MIRI coronagraphic imaging of the system HD 95086 obtained with the F1065C, F1140, and F2300C filters at central wavelengths of 10.575 µm, 11.3 µm, and 23 µm, respectively. We explored the method for subtracting the stellar diffraction pattern in the particular case when bright dust emitting at short separation is present. Furthermore, we compared different methods for extracting the photometry of the planet. Using the atmospheric modelsExo-REMandATMO, we measured the atmospheric parameters of HD 95086 b.Results. The planet HD 95086 b is detected at the two shortest MIRI wavelengths F1065C and F1140C. The contribution from the inner disk of the system is also detected. It is similar to that in the HR 8799 system. The outer colder belt is imaged at 23 µm. Background objects are observed in all filters. The mid-infrared photometry provides better constraints on the atmospheric parameters. We evaluate a temperature of 800–1050 K, consistent with one previous hypothesis that only used near-infrared data. The radius measurement of 1.0–1.14 RJupis better aligned with evolutionary models, but still smaller than predicted. These observations allow us to refute the hypothesis of a warm circumplanetary disk.Conclusions. HD 95086 is one of the first exoplanetary systems to be revealed at mid-infrared wavelengths. This highlights the interests and challenges of observations at these wavelengths.
NEOROCKS color survey: Final results
Authors: Birlan M. , Barucci M. A. , Belskaya I. , Fulchignoni M. , Hromakina T. , Sonka A. , Nedelcu A. , Colas F. , Fornasier S. , Merlin F. , Anghel S. , Poggiali G. , Perna D. , Dotto E. ,   the NEOROCKS team
Published: August 2024

Context. Near-Earth objects (NEOs) are the most accessible small Solar System bodies by both spacecrafts and ground-based telescopes. Close encounters of these objects with Earth represent opportunities to characterize their physical and mineralogical properties. They are also a constant threat to humanity due to possible impact events with Earth. In this context, the NEOROCKS project has been financed by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program.
Aims. We present the final results on photometry of the NEOROCKS project, with the aim of extending the dataset of surface colors for small NEOs with unknown properties and, when possible, characterizing newly discovered NEOs.
Methods. Photometric observations were performed using the 1.2 m telescope at the Haute-Provence observatory (in France) in the BVRI filters of the Johnson-Cousins photometric systems between May 2022 and June 2023. The stability and dynamics of objects from the NEOROCKS database was investigated by numerical integration.
Results. We obtained new surface colors for 83 NEOs. Overall, the NEOROCKS color database contains 170 objects. The majority of the objects in the dataset with diameters D<500 m belong to a group of silicate bodies. We estimated the unbalanced percentage between S- and C-type objects as an observational bias due to reflective proprieties of the surface of objects. The average of Lyapunov time of about 100 years is evidence of highly chaotic orbits of objects from the color database of NEOROCKS. Asteroid 2011 OL51 has a reasonable probability of being a parent body contributor to the October Capricornidis meteor shower. Asteroids 2004 HK33, 2022 VV (D-type), 2003 WR21, and 2017 SE1 (A-type) belong to end-member classes and have ΔV<7 km/s; thus, they are possible candidates for in situ investigations.
Suppression of giant planet formation around low-mass stars in clustered environments
Authors: Huang Shuo , Portegies Zwart Simon , Wilhelm Maite J. C. 
Published: August 2024

Context. Current exoplanet formation studies tend to overlook the birth environment of stars in clustered environments. However, the effects of this environment on the planet formation process are important, especially in the earliest stage.
Aims. We investigate the differences in planet populations forming in star-cluster environments through pebble accretion and compare these results with planet formation around isolated stars. We strive to provide potential signatures of the young planetary systems to guide future observations.
Methods. We present a new planet population synthesis code designed for clustered environments. This planet formation model is based on pebble accretion and includes migration in the circumstellar disk. The disk’s gas and dust have been evolved via 1D simulations, while considering the effects of photo-evaporation of the nearby stars.
Results. Planetary systems in a clustered environment are different than those born in isolation; the environmental effects are important for a wide range of observable parameters and the eventual architecture of the planetary systems. Planetary systems born in a clustered environment lack cold Jupiters, as compared to isolated planetary systems. This effect is more pronounced for low-mass stars (≲0.2 M⊙). On the other hand, planetary systems born in clusters show an excess of cold Neptune around these low-mass stars.
Conclusions. In future observations, finding an excess of cold Neptunes and a lack of cold Jupiters could be used to constrain the birth environments of these planetary systems. Exploring the dependence of cold Jupiter’s intrinsic occurrence rate on stellar mass offers insights into the birth environment of their proto-embryos.
Practical Synthesis of N-Anilinylphenothiazines Using a Cyclic Hypervalent Iodine Coupling Reagent
Authors: Morimoto Koji , Kita Yasuyuki , Yanase Kana , Dohi Toshifumi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn improved protocol for the synthesis of N-anilinylphenothiazines based on the coupling reaction of anilines with phenothiazines using cyclic iodine(III) reagent is presented. In the improved method, the product can be isolated and purified without using column chromatography, and the cyclic hypervalent iodine reagent can be quantitatively recovered by aliquot manipulation. The workup procedure presented here is simpler compared to previously reported ones, facilitating large-scale synthesis. The para-selective phenothiazination of nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as hydroquinoline, which is important in pharmacology, was also successfully performed.
Complete Closed-Loop Ventilatory Circuit Delays the Onset of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Mechanically Ventilated Neurological Patients in the ICU: A Single-Center Prospective Preliminary Study
Authors: Raichurkar Archana K. , Ramesh V.J. , Surve Rohini M. , Kumari H.B. Veena , Chakrabarti Dhritiman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is preventable yet its incidence remains high. We compared conventional ventilator circuit with open suction and dual heated wire circuit (DHWC) with closed suction on the incidence of VAP.
Methods This is a single-center, prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in neurological patients admitted to the neuro-intensive care unit (neuro-ICU) and requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) for more than 48 hours. Patients were ventilated using either conventional ventilator circuit with open suction (open group) or DHWC with closed suction (closed group) and were observed for VAP during the first 14 days of MV. The incidence and day of onset of VAP, duration of MV, duration of neuro-ICU and hospital stay, and mortality was noted in each group.
Results A total of 63 patients were included (32 in open and 31 in closed group). The incidence of VAP was 9.3% in the open group and 12.9% in the closed group (p = 0.8). All the patients developed late VAP, that is, > 96 hours after intubation. However, as compared to the open group, VAP was observed much later in the closed group (day 7 vs. day 11). Duration of MV, neuro-ICU stay, hospital stay, and mortality did not differ significantly.
Conclusion In this study, VAP incidences are similar in both the groups. However, neurological patients requiring MV for a short period might benefit from the usage of DHWC with closed suction system as VAP was seen to occur later in this group. Further, a randomized controlled trial with larger sample size is desired to confirm our findings.
Anesthetic Challenges in Hirayama Disease Patients Undergoing Cervical Spine Surgery—A Case Series
Authors: Naskar Sreyashi , Chakrabarti Soumya , Dawn Dipanjan , Pahari Amita A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHirayama disease (HD) is a rare disease, resulting from cervical compressive myelopathy, manifesting as upper limb muscular atrophy, and rarely autonomic and upper motor neuron signs. Anesthesia management is challenging—careful neck positioning during bag-mask ventilation and endotracheal intubation, avoidance of drugs that release histamine, multimodal monitoring to avoid delayed recovery, anticipation of hypotension, and blood loss due to autonomic dysfunction—all this is necessary for successful outcome of general anesthesia in HD patients. This case series demonstrates that preexisting autonomic dysfunction in HD patients should alert the anesthesiologists regarding higher likelihood of hemodynamic perturbations and blood loss, compared with patients who have normal autonomic functions, and henceforth take appropriate precautionary measures.
Particle swarm algorithm-based identification method of optimal measurement area of coordinate measuring machine
Authors: Chen Hongfang , Wu Huan , Gao Yi , Shi Zhaoyao , Wen Zhongpu , Liang Ziqi 
Published: August 2024

A particle swarm algorithm-based identification method for the optimal measurement area of large coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) is proposed in this study to realize the intelligent identification of measurement objects and optimize the measurement position and measurement space using laser tracer multi-station technology. The volumetric error distribution of the planned measurement points in the CMM measurement space is obtained using laser tracer multi-station measurement technology. The volumetric error of the specified step distance measurement points is obtained using the inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation algorithm. The quasi-rigid body model of the CMM is solved using the LASSO algorithm to obtain the geometric error of the measurement points in a specified step. A model of individual geometric errors is fitted with least squares. An error optimization model for the measurement points in the CMM space is established. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to optimize the model, and the optimal measurement area of the CMM airspace is determined. The experimental results indicate that, when the measurement space is optimized based on the volume of the object being measured, with dimensions of (35 × 35 × 35) mm3, the optimal measurement area for the CMM, as identified by the particle swarm algorithm, lies within the range of 150 mm &lt; X &lt; 500 mm, 350 mm &lt; Y &lt; 700 mm, and −430 mm &lt; Z &lt; −220 mm. In particular, the optimal measurement area is defined as 280 mm &lt; X &lt; 315 mm, 540 mm &lt; Y &lt; 575 mm, and −400 mm &lt; Z &lt; −365 mm. Comparative experiments utilizing a high-precision standard sphere with a diameter of 19.0049 mm and a sphericity of 50 nm demonstrate that the identified optimal measurement area is consistent with the results obtained through the particle swarm algorithm, thereby validating the correctness of the method proposed in this study.
m
6
A modification plays an integral role in mRNA stability and translation during pattern-triggered immunity
Authors: Chen Tianyuan , Greene George H. , Motley Jonathan , Mwimba Musoki , Luo Guan-Zheng , Xu Guoyong , Karapetyan Sargis , Xiang Yezi , Liu Chang , He Chuan , Dong Xinnian 
Published: August 2024

Plants employ distinct mechanisms to respond to environmental changes. Modification of mRNA by
N
6
-methyladenosine (m
6
A), known to affect the fate of mRNA, may be one such mechanism to reprogram mRNA processing and translatability upon stress. However, it is difficult to distinguish a direct role from a pleiotropic effect for this modification due to its prevalence in RNA. Through characterization of the transient knockdown-mutants of m
6
A writer components and mutants of specific m
6
A readers, we demonstrate the essential role that m
6
A plays in basal resistance and pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). A global m
6
A profiling of mock and PTI-induced
Arabidopsis
plants as well as formaldehyde fixation and cross-linking immunoprecipitation-sequencing of the m
6
A reader, EVOLUTIONARILY CONSERVED C-TERMINAL REGION2 (ECT2) showed that while dynamic changes in m
6
A modification and binding by ECT2 were detected upon PTI induction, most of the m
6
A sites and their association with ECT2 remained static. Interestingly, RNA degradation assay identified a dual role of m
6
A in stabilizing the overall transcriptome while facilitating rapid turnover of immune-induced mRNAs during PTI. Moreover, polysome profiling showed that m
6
A enhances immune-associated translation by binding to the ECT2/3/4 readers. We propose that m
6
A plays a positive role in plant immunity by destabilizing defense mRNAs while enhancing their translation efficiency to create a transient surge in the production of defense proteins.
Honorifics in child-directed speech
Authors: Hildebrandt Gwendolyn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
How are honorifics, which are socially meaningful and socially conditioned, acquired, when their appearance in
child-directed speech cannot replicate their use in adult-directed speech? In this paper, we conduct corpus and experimental
studies aimed at characterizing the use of honorifics in child-directed speech in Korean. We find that the addressee honorific
-yo is present at notable rates in child-directed speech, although the use of -yo in
child-directed utterances is rated less natural than its absence. We further find that while -yo is given lower
ratings for the presence of relevant social meanings when in child-directed speech compared to adult-directed speech, the use of
-yo in child-directed speech is still significantly associated with these meanings. This suggests that while
the presence of honorifics in child-directed speech is somewhat unexpected, such uses of honorifics nonetheless carry relevant
information about the social meaning of honorifics.
Judges’ reformulations in judicial interpretation in Chinese judgments
Authors: Zhang Liping , Zhang Tingting 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In hybrid legal contexts in China, judges’ speech acts of reformulating rules serve to demonstrate their
ideological and linguistic preferences in law enforcement. A comparative analysis of judges’ reformulations in judgments in the
traditional (imperial) and contemporary periods in this study discloses a disparity in their speech style over time. Though judges
in the two periods both navigate between the ethical discourse and the legal discourse in the negotiation of meaning in law,
traditional judges are found to have reformulated rules from various sources, particularly those of Confucian classics, acting as more
of a constructive legal interpreter. In contrast, contemporary judges tend to reformulate rules of the codified law in a more
monologic style, thereby displaying greater respect for the autonomy of law in their reformulations. These differences are
interpreted from a socio-cultural standpoint.