bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical recanalization in basilar artery occlusion: The ENDOSTROKE study
Authors: Singer Oliver C. , Berkefeld Joachim , Nolte Christian H. , Bohner Georg , Haring Hans‐Peter , Trenkler Johannes , Gröschel Klaus , Müller‐Forell Wibke , Niederkorn Kurt , Deutschmann Hannes , Neumann‐Haefelin Tobias , Hohmann Carina , Bussmeyer Matthias , Mpotsaris Anastasios , Stoll Anett , Bormann Albrecht , Brenck Johannes , Schlamann Marc U. , Jander Sebastian , Turowski Bernd , Petzold Gabor C. , Urbach Horst , Liebeskind David S. ,   for the ENDOSTROKE Study Group
Published: December 2014

ObjectiveA study was undertaken to evaluate clinical and procedural factors associated with outcome and recanalization in endovascular stroke treatment (EVT) of basilar artery (BA) occlusion.MethodsENDOSTROKE is an investigator‐initiated multicenter registry for patients undergoing EVT. This analysis includes 148 consecutive patients with BA occlusion, with 59% having received intravenous thrombolysis prior to EVT. Recanalization (defined as Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [TICI] score 2b–3) and collateral status (using the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology collateral grading system) were assessed by a blinded core laboratory. Good (moderate) outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2 (0–3) assessed after at least 3 months (median time to follow‐up = 120 days).ResultsThirty‐four percent had good and 42% had moderate clinical outcome; mortality was 35%. TICI 2b–3 recanalization was achieved by 79%. Age, hypertension, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores, collateral status, and the use of magnetic resonance imaging prior to EVT predicted clinical outcome, the latter 3 remaining independent predictors in multivariate analysis. Independent predictors of recanalization were better collateral status and the use of a stent retriever. However, recanalization did not significantly predict clinical outcome.InterpretationBeside initial stroke severity, the collateral status predicts clinical outcome and recanalization in BA occlusion. Our data suggest that the use of a stent retriever is associated with high recanalization rates, but recanalization on its own does not predict outcome. The role of other modifiable factors, including the choice of pretreatment imaging modality and time issues, warrants further investigation. Ann Neurol 2015;77:415–424
Comparison of physical therapy anatomy performance and anxiety scores in timed and untimed practical tests
Authors: Schwartz Sarah M. , Evans Cathy , Agur Anne M.R. 
Published: December 2014

Students in health care professional programs face many stressful tests that determine successful completion of their program. Test anxiety during these high stakes examinations can affect working memory and lead to poor outcomes. Methods of decreasing test anxiety include lengthening the time available to complete examinations or evaluating students using untimed examinations. There is currently no consensus in the literature regarding whether untimed examinations provide a benefit to test performance in clinical anatomy. This study aimed to determine the impact of timed versus untimed practical tests on Master of Physical Therapy student anatomy performance and test anxiety. Test anxiety was measured using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Differences in performance, anxiety scores, and time taken were compared using paired sample Student's t‐tests. Eighty‐one of the 84 students completed the study and provided feedback. Students performed significantly higher on the untimed test (P = 0.005), with a significant reduction in test anxiety (P < 0.001). Students who were unsuccessful on the timed test showed the greatest improvement on the untimed test (
= 20.4 ±10%). Eighty‐three percent (n = 69) of students preferred the untimed test, 8.4% (n = 7) the timed test, and 8.4% (n = 7) had no preference. Students took on average eight minutes longer on the untimed test. This study found that physical therapy students perform better on untimed tests, which may be related to a reduction in test anxiety. If the intended goal of evaluating health care professional students is to determine fundamental competencies, these factors should be considered when designing future curricula. Anat Sci Educ 8: 518–524. © 2014 American Association of Anatomists.
Ein Blick in die Tiefe der Seele: Hypnose im Kultur‐ und Lehrfilm (1920–1936)
Authors: Ledebur Sophie 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGazing into the Depths of the Soul: Hypnotism in Documentary and Instructional Film (1920–1936). Although part of the medical fold since the 1870s, hypnosis was long relegated to the margins, recognised and used by only a relatively small group of medical professionals. In the decades around 1900 hypnotic techniques were monopolised as a form of medical treatment through a long and in no way linear process. Hypnosis of laymen was vehemently opposed, however, denounced as being far too dangerous. And yet, medical participation in the aura of spectacular intervention into the human psyche garnered support. The medium of both documentary and instructional film served an important function in this regard, conveying popular interest in acknowledging hypnosis as a scientific method. On the basis of four medically accredited films on hypnosis from 1920 to 1936, this paper attempts to investigate how medical experts and these genres, as part of their effort to claim hypnosis from the realm of public spectacle and parapsychological experimentation, worked to stabilise hypnosis as a purified form of medical and psychiatric practice.
Randomized clinical trial comparing neurological outcomes after carotid endarterectomy or stenting
Authors: Kuliha M , Roubec M , Procházka V , Jonszta T , Hrbáč T , Havelka J , Goldírová A , Langová K , Herzig R , Školoudík D 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Background
Silent infarction in the brain can be detected in around 34 per cent of patients after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and 54 per cent after carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS). This study compared the risk of new infarctions in the brain in patients undergoing CEA or CAS.

Methods
Consecutive patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis exceeding 70 per cent were screened for inclusion in this prospective study. Patients with indications for intervention, and eligible for both methods, were allocated randomly to CEA or CAS. Neurological examination, cognitive function tests and MRI of the brain were undertaken before and 24 h after intervention.

Results
Of 150 randomized patients, 73 (47 men; mean age 64·9(7·1) years) underwent CEA and 77 (58 men; 66·4(7·5) years) had CAS. New infarctions on MRI were found more frequently after CAS (49 versus 25 per cent; P = 0·002). Lesion volume was also significantly greater after CAS (P = 0·010). Multiple logistic regression analyses identified intervention in the right ICA as the only independent predictor of brain infarction (odds ratio 2·10, 95 per cent c.i. 1·03 to 4·25; P = 0·040). Stroke or transient ischaemic attack occurred in one patient after CEA and in two after CAS. No significant differences were found in cognitive test results between the groups.

Conclusion
These data confirm a higher risk of silent infarction in the brain on MRI after CAS in comparison with CEA, but without measurable change in cognitive function. Registration number: NCT01591005 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Metabonomic analysis of the anti‐inflammatory effects of volatile oils of Angelica sinensis on rat model of acute inflammation
Authors: Zhang Wen‐quan , Hua Yong‐li , Zhang Man , Ji Peng , Li Jin‐xia , Zhang Ling , Li Peng‐ling , Wei Yan‐ming 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMetabonomics based on GC‐MS was used to study the possible anti‐inflammatory mechanisms of volatile oils of Angelica sinensis (VOAS) in rats with acute inflammation. Acute inflammation was induced by subcutaneous injection of carrageenan in rats. The levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), histamine (HIS) and 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) in the inflammatory fluid were detected. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares‐discriminant analysis models were performed for pattern recognition analysis. After the administration of VOAS, the levels of PGE2, HIS, and 5‐HT returned to levels observed in normal group. According to GC‐MS analysis, the intervention of VOAS in rats with acute inflammation induced substantial and characteristic changes in their metabolic profiles. Fourteen metabolite biomarkers, namely, lactic acid, malic acid, citric acid, trans‐dehydroandrosterone, aldosterone, linoleic acid, hexadecanoic acid, pregnenolone, octadecenoic acid, myristic acid, l‐histidine, octadecanoic acid, arachidonic acid (AA) and l‐tryptophan, were detected in the inflammatory fluid. The levels of all biomarkers either increased or decreased significantly in model groups. VOAS possibly intervened in the metabolic process of inflammation by altering histidine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, AA metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism and energy metabolism. Metabonomics was used to reflect an organism's physiological and metabolic state comprehensively, and it is a potentially powerful tool that reveals the anti‐acute‐inflammatory mechanism of VOAS. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of three antidepressants in urine using simultaneous derivatization and temperature‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection
Authors: Alizadeh Nabil Ali Akbar , Nouri Nina , Farajzadeh Mir Ali 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a fast and simple method for the extraction, preconcentration and determination of fluvoxamine, nortriptyline and maprotiline in urine using simultaneous derivatization and temperature‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (TA‐DLLME) followed by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection (GC‐FID). An appropriate mixture of dimethylformamide (disperser solvent), 1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane (extraction solvent) and acetic anhydride (derivatization agent) was rapidly injected into the heated sample. Then the solution was cooled to room temperature and cloudy solution formed was centrifuged. Finally a portion of the sedimented phase was injected into the GC‐FID. The effect of several factors affecting the performance of the method, including the selection of suitable extraction and disperser solvents and their volumes, volume of derivatization agent, temperature, salt addition, pH and centrifugation time and speed were investigated and optimized. Figures of merit of the proposed method, such as linearity (r2 > 0.993), enrichment factors (820–1070), limits of detection (2–4 ng mL−1) and quantification (8–12 ng mL−1), and relative standard deviations (3–6%) for both intraday and interday precisions (concentration = 50 ng mL−1) were satisfactory for determination of the selected antidepressants. Finally the method was successfully applied to determine the target pharmaceuticals in urine. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cultural Inclusiveness Contributing to International Students' Intercultural Attitudes: Mediating Role of Intergroup Contact Variables
Authors: Tawagi Adrienne L. , Mak Anita S. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis study sought to examine the relationships among Asian‐born international students' perceived cultural inclusiveness and intercultural contact, along with the contributions these variables made to the students' attitudes towards culturally different domestic students. Based on Pettigrew's (1998) intergroup contact theory and previous research on educational cultural climate, we hypothesised that more positive intercultural attitudes would be associated with perceptions of a culturally inclusive educational environment and higher levels of intergroup contact as indicated by quantity of contact, quality of contact, and extent of intercultural friendships. Anonymous survey participants were 190 (76 male and 113 female) Asian‐born international university students at an Australian university. Results showed small to moderate relationships among perceived cultural inclusiveness, all the dimensions of intercultural contact, and intercultural attitudes, except for an unexpected insignificant association between intercultural friendship and attitudes. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that cultural inclusiveness and quality of contact were the only significant predictors of intercultural attitudes. Mediation analysis indicated that quality of contact partially mediated the relationship between cultural inclusiveness and intercultural attitudes. The importance of an inclusive educational environment on intergroup contact and attitudes, from international students' viewpoint, is discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Encapsulation of Heteropolyanion‐Based Ionic Liquid within the Metal–Organic Framework MIL‐100(Fe) for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Wan Hui , Chen Chong , Wu Zuowang , Que Yigen , Feng Yu , Wang Wei , Wang Lei , Guan Guofeng , Liu Xiaoqin 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA new strategy was proposed to construct the ionic liquid, polyoxometalate (POM), and metal–organic framework (MOF) composite. The POM‐based MOF was synthesized by using the direct hydrothermal method. The sulfonic acid group‐functionalized ionic liquid was used for further modification of the hybrid material to realize the encapsulation of the heteropolyanion‐based ionic liquid within the cages of the MOF. The catalysts were characterized by using XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, FTIR, SEM, TEM, elemental analysis, and TGA. The results indicated that the heteropolyanion‐based ionic liquid had been successfully encapsulated within the cages and the structure of MIL‐100 (MIL=Materials of Institut Lavoisier) remained intact. The POM–ionic‐liquid‐functionalized MOF, with high content of the active component, had both Lewis and Brønsted acid sites, which led to high catalytic activity for the esterification of oleic acid with ethanol. The esterification reaction conditions were optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM), and the corresponding conversion of oleic acid reached 94.6 %. The catalyst could be easily recovered and reused six times without significant loss of activity.
Synthesis of TiOx Nanotubular Arrays with Oxygen Defects as High‐Performance Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fan Li‐Zhen , Chi Shang‐Sen , Wang Lu‐Ning , Song Wei‐Li , He Min , Gu Lin 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAs promising, safe, high‐power electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), titanium‐dioxide‐based anodes that have been prepared to date are still restricted by their limited specific capacity. In this work, we demonstrate a facile electrochemical anodization for TiOx nanotubular arrays of oxygen defects in a nitrogen atmosphere. In comparison with those fabricated under air conditions, the as‐prepared nanotubular arrays present much reduced impedance with oxygen defects, which allow fast electronic and ionic transport in the TiOx nanotubular arrays. The binder‐free anode based on as‐prepared TiOx nanotubular arrays exhibited record‐setting capacities (395, 325, and 235 mAh g−1 at 0.2, 1, and 10 C, respectively) among TiO2‐based anode materials, that is, approaching state‐of‐the‐art TiO2 electrodes for LIBs.
Effet de la force ionique et hydrodynamique sur le dépôt de particules colloïdales dans un milieu poreux consolidé
Authors: Djehiche Abdelkader , Gafsi Mostefa , Canseco Vladimire , Omari Aziz , Bertin Henri 
Published: December 2014

Notre travail présente une étude expérimentale du dépôt de particules colloïdales dans un milieu poreux consolidé, homogène et initialement saturé en eau. La phase fluide injectée dans le milieu poreux est une suspension de particules de latex dont la dimension est connue.L'influence de la force ionique de la suspension colloïdale et du débit d'injection sur le dépôt de particules est étudiée. On observe que le recouvrement de surface (θ) croît avec la force ionique alors que le recouvrement de surface (θ) décroît quand le nombre de Péclet augmente. Des mesures locales, par atténuation d'un rayonnement γ, mettent en évidence la réduction de porosité due au dépôt de particules. La réduction de la perméabilité, mesurée en fin d'expérience.
Selective Excitation with Asymmetric Adiabatic Pulses for NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Huawei , Zhang Shanmin 
Published: December 2014

AbstractExisting selective pulses are mainly constructed in the forms of classically shaped pulses, such as the Gaussian pulses, or generated by using numerical optimization methods. However, all of these pulses are highly sensitive to radiofrequency (RF) intensity variation, which means their performance is highly dependent on the accuracy and stability of the RF intensity. Even a slight RF intensity deviation can cause severe degradation in the excitation profile. To solve this problem, we propose a method for narrow selective excitation by sequential application of a pair of phase‐opposite asymmetric adiabatic pulses, all within two scans. By retaining the adiabatic character, the new method is highly robust to RF intensity variation. Moreover, it has flexible excitation bandwidth, ranging from line‐selective to narrow‐band‐selective pulses. The method is tested both in numerical simulations and solution‐state NMR experiments.
Measurement of monocyte‐platelet aggregates by imaging flow cytometry
Authors: Hui Henry , Fuller Kathryn , Erber Wendy N. , Linden Matthew D. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPlatelets are subcellular blood elements with a well‐established role in haemostasis. Upon activation platelets express P‐Selectin (CD62P) on the cell membrane and bind to P‐Selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 expressing monocytes, influencing them toward a pro‐adhesive and inflammatory phenotype. It is well established that elevated circulating monocyte‐platelet aggregates (MPAs) are linked to atherothrombosis in high risk patients. However, whole blood flow cytometry (FCM) has recently shown that circulating MPAs may also occur in the absence of platelet activation, particularly in healthy children. A potential limitation of conventional FCM is the potential for coincident events to resemble monocyte platelet aggregates. Here we report a novel imaging cytometry approach to further characterize monocyte‐platelet aggregate formation by P‐Selectin dependent and P‐Selectin independent mechanisms and distinguish circulating MPAs from coincidental events. Monocytes were identified by expression of the lipopolysachharide receptor (CD14 BV421), while platelets were identified by expression of the glycoprotein Ib (CD42b APC). Differentiation of P‐Selectin dependent and P‐Selectin independent binding was achieved with AF488 labeled CD62P. Overall analysis of circulating and in vitro generated MPAs by conventional and imaging cytometry methods showed very strong correlation (r2 = >0.99, P < 0.01). The Bland‐Altman bias of −1.72 was not significantly different to zero. However, when measuring only P‐Selectin negative MPAs, a lack of correlation (r2 = 0.27, P = n.s.) likely reflects better discrimination of coincidence events using imaging cytometry. Our data demonstrate that IFC is more accurate in enumerating MPAs than conventional FCM, which over‐estimates the number of MPAs due to the presence of coincident events. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Differential leukocyte counting and immunophenotyping in cryopreserved ex vivo whole blood
Authors: Nemes Elisa , Kagina Benjamin M. N. , Smit Erica , Africa Hadn , Steyn Marcia , Hanekom Willem A. , Scriba Thomas J. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAbsolute cell counts are typically measured in fresh samples, but this is impractical in large field studies. We compared quantification of leukocyte proportions and absolute counts using reference real‐time methods (stain and lyse/no‐wash (LNW) or hematology analyser) with a novel assay that allows long‐term cryopreservation of fixed leukocytes for later counting (DLC‐ICE: differential leukocyte count and immunophenotype in cryopreserved ex vivo whole blood). For the LNW method, whole blood (WB) was stained with fluorescent antibodies, then erythrocytes were lysed, and leukocytes fixed prior to flow cytometry. Alternatively, our novel DLC‐ICE method entailed erythrocyte lysis and leukocyte fixation, cryopreservation and later staining of permeabilized cells prior to flow cytometry. Outcomes were proportions and absolute counts of granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, T cells, B cells, and activated T cells within the leukocyte population. We also compared leukocyte subset counts in fresh WB from 51 healthy infants measured by hematology analyser at a rural clinical site or by DLC‐ICE method after 2 years of cryopreservation. We observed excellent agreement and strong correlations between absolute counts or cell proportions measured by the LNW and DLC‐ICE methods on fresh WB from 10 healthy adults. Compared to LNW, DLC‐ICE yielded similar or brighter staining even after cryopreservation. Duration of cryopreservation, assessed monthly for 1 year, had little effect on cell enumeration: median coefficients of variation were below 15% for all outcomes. Under field site conditions, we observed strong correlations between infant leukocyte numbers measured in fresh samples by hematology analyser and those measured by DLC‐ICE up to 2 years of cryopreservation. Our novel DLC‐ICE method allows accurate flow cytometric quantification of cell subsets from fixed WB even after long‐term cryopreservation. This method is ideal for batched, retrospective analysis of samples from large field studies, or when advanced flow cytometry equipment is not available for clinical research purposes. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry