bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: IUPAC‐NIST Solubility Data Series. 98. Solubility of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Pure and Organic Solvent Mixtures‐Revised and Updated. Part 3. Neat Organic Solvents
Authors: Acree William E. Jr. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReview: 77 refs.
Sonication‐Induced Pathways in the Synthesis of Light‐Active Catalysts for Photocatalytic Oxidation of Organic Contaminants
Authors: Colmenares Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHeterogeneous photocatalysis is becoming increasingly important due to the variety of its applications and multidisciplinary aspects. Applications such as water/air detoxification–disinfection, solar‐energy storage, high‐value‐chemical production, optoelectronics, and sensors are some of the most promising. In recent years, the development of environmentally‐friendly and cost‐efficient procedures for material synthesis that could substitute the old ones has been on demand. Unconventional and soft techniques, such as sonication, offer enormous possibilities for the synthesis of a broad spectrum of nanostructured materials, among them photocatalysts. This Review will focus the readers’ attention on ultrasound‐induced methodologies used for the preparation of nanostructured photocatalysts (e.g., supported nanoparticles, semiconductors) and their application in the photocatalytic oxidation of organic contaminants.
The chromatin remodeling protein CHD7, mutated in CHARGE syndrome, is necessary for proper craniofacial and tracheal development
Authors: Sperry Ethan D. , Hurd Elizabeth A. , Durham Mark A. , Reamer Elyse N. , Stein Adam B. , Martin Donna M. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTBackground: Heterozygous mutations in the chromatin remodeling gene CHD7 cause CHARGE syndrome, a developmental disorder with variable craniofacial dysmorphisms and respiratory difficulties. The molecular etiologies of these malformations are not well understood. Homozygous Chd7 null mice die by E11, whereas Chd7Gt/+ heterozygous null mice are a viable and excellent model of CHARGE. We explored skeletal phenotypes in Chd7Gt/+ and Chd7 conditional knockout mice, using Foxg1‐Cre to delete Chd7 (Foxg1‐CKO) in the developing eye, ear, nose, pharyngeal pouch, forebrain, and gut and Wnt1‐Cre (Wnt1‐CKO) to delete Chd7 in migrating neural crest cells. Results: Foxg1‐CKO mice exhibited postnatal respiratory distress and death, dysplasia of the eye, concha, and frontal bone, hypoplastic maxillary shelves and nasal epithelia, and reduced tracheal rings. Wnt1‐CKO mice exhibited frontal and occipital bone dysplasia, hypoplasia of the maxillary shelves and mandible, and cleft palate. In contrast, heterozygous Chd7Gt/+ mice had apparently normal skeletal development. Conclusions: Conditional deletion of Chd7 in ectodermal and endodermal derivatives (Foxg1‐Cre) or migrating neural crest cells (Wnt1‐Cre) results in varied and more severe craniofacial defects than in Chd7Gt/+ mice. These studies indicate that CHD7 has an important, dosage‐dependent role in development of several different craniofacial tissues. Developmental Dynamics 243:1055–1066, 2014. © 2014 The Authors Developmental Dynamics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.
How do parents of adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa interact with their child at mealtimes? A study of parental strategies used in the family meal session of family‐based treatment
Authors: White Hannah J. , Haycraft Emma , Madden Sloane , Rhodes Paul , Miskovic‐Wheatley Jane , Wallis Andrew , Kohn Michael , Meyer Caroline 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the range and frequency of parental mealtime strategies used during the family meal session of Family‐Based Treatment (FBT) for adolescent anorexia nervosa, and to explore the relationships between parental mealtime strategies, mealtime emotional tone and parental ‘success’ at encouraging adolescent food consumption.MethodParticipants were 21 families with a child aged between 12 and 18 years receiving FBT for adolescent anorexia nervosa. Video recordings of the family meal session (FBT session two) were coded using the Family Mealtime Coding System adapted in this study for use with adolescents (FMCS‐A) to identify frequency of parental strategies, emotional tone of the meal (measured by adolescent positive and negative vocalisations) and frequency of prompted mouthfuls consumed by the adolescent (measured by the number of mouthfuls consumed by the adolescent immediately following parental interactions).ResultsA range of parental mealtime strategies were in use. Those used repeatedly included direct eating prompts, non‐direct eating prompts, physical prompts, and providing information or food‐related choices. Several parental mealtime strategies (direct and non‐direct eating prompts) were found to be consistently associated with the tone of adolescents' vocalisations and the number of mouthfuls consumed in response to a parental prompt.DiscussionDespite associations with negativity from the adolescent, the use of food‐related prompts (both verbal and physical) seems to be associated with increased eating. This indicates the potentially important role of parental control of eating. Following replication, these findings might provide a focus for therapists when supporting and coaching parents during the family meal session. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2014 (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:72–80)
Treatment of the Digallium Compound R2Ga–GaR2 [R = CH(SiMe3)2] with Functionalized Dicarboxylic Acids: Macrocycles, Hydrogen Bonding, and Sulfur–Sulfur Closed‐Shell Interactions
Authors: Uhl Werner , Stefaniak Christina , Hepp Alexander , Kösters Jutta 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTreatment of the tetraalkyldigallium compound R2Ga–GaR2 (1) [R = CH(SiMe3)2] with functionalized dicarboxylic acids (2,2′‐bipyridyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylic acid, 2,2′‐iminodibenzoic acid, 2,2′‐dithiodibenzoic acid) resulted in the formation of large heterocycles in which two Ga–Ga bonds were bridged by two dicarboxylato spacer ligands. Each Ga–Ga bond was bridged by two carboxylate groups in an almost ideal perpendicular arrangement that favors the formation of macrocyclic structures. The N–H groups of the imino‐bridged compound pointed towards the center of the molecule and formed a network of hydrogen bonds through interactions with carboxylate oxygen atoms. Both disulfur groups of the dithio derivative adopted an ideal coplanar arrangement and came into relatively close contact, which might indicate a weak closed‐shell bonding interaction between the sulfur atoms.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetrahydrofuran Derivatives by Sequential Henry Reaction and Iodocyclization of γ,δ‐Unsaturated Alcohols
Authors: Chen Li‐Yan , Chen Jia‐Rong , Cheng Hong‐Gang , Lu Liang‐Qiu , Xiao Wen‐Jing 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA sequential one‐pot Cu‐catalyzed asymmetric Henry reaction and iodocyclization is disclosed. The transformation provides efficient access to biologically and synthetically useful 2,2,5‐trisubstituted tetrahydrofuran derivatives. The combination of Cu(OAc)2·H2O with a novel chiral sulfoxide–Schiff base hybrid ligand under mild reaction conditions tolerates a wide range of 4‐substituted γ,δ‐unsaturated aldehydes, and the subsequent iodocyclization furnishes the corresponding products in generally high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. The products can be easily converted into amines with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities.
Looking for performance in personality inventories: The primacy of evaluative information over descriptive traits
Authors: Caruana Sylvain , Lefeuvre Régis , Mollaret Patrick 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThree experiments were designed to demonstrate that job performance inferences from personality inventories rely more on the agentic or communal value conveyed by the items compared with the Big‐Five traits they are supposed to describe. In the first two experiments, the participants had to predict the job performances of fictitious job applicants based on their responses to a personality inventory. In Experiment 1, the information on personality was held constant, such that the applicants' responses varied solely on their agentic, communal, or purely descriptive orientation. In Experiment 2, the social value of the responses again varied as well as the information about the applicants' personality (agreeable vs. conscientious). The results showed that the agentic profiles were the most predictive of the performance, regardless of the personality factors. In Experiment 3, we reversed the procedure. The participants filled out a personality inventory in the place of a more or less successful employee. The results here showed that the information about the performance had the greatest impact on the agentic items, independent of the personality factors measured. These results confirm the relevance of social judgment models in personality research. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
All‐Solid‐State, Washable, Wearable Supercapacitors Fabricated by using a Fibrous Graphite Network and Self‐Adhering Architecture
Authors: Park Soomin , Yoo Young Geun , Nam Inho , Bae Seongjun , Yi Jongheop 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAn all‐solid‐state, completely foldable, washable supercapacitor system fabricated by using a taping method is reported. A constructed graphitic fiber network derived from conventional graphite felt was readily assembled into a full‐cell by utilizing self‐adhering architecture. The as‐prepared system exhibits good mechanical properties under various folding motifs, and the supercapacitor is washable without capacitance fading by virtue of the robust electrical connectivity of the fibrous graphite network and intimate contact between the polymeric gel electrolyte and the electrodes. A simple surface oxidation of the electrode greatly enhances the capacitance of the system (≈313 μF cm−2) by reducing the charge separation distance at the electrolyte/electrode interface. The results suggest that this supercapacitor system is a promising candidate for practically available and wearable energy storage systems with high cost effectiveness and scalability.
Explicit determination of the pulse inherent in pulse‐like ground motions
Authors: Mimoglou Petros , Psycharis Ioannis N. , Taflampas Ioannis M. 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYA new method is presented for the determination of the parameters of the pulse contained in pulse‐like records. The Mavroeidis and Papageorgiou (M&P) wavelet is used for the mathematical representation of the pulse, but the proposed methodology could be modified to cover other types of wavelets as well. First, the period of the pulse is determined from the peak of the Sd × Sv product spectrum, a new concept that is introduced herein and is defined as the product of the velocity and the displacement response spectra. The remaining parameters of the M&P wavelet are derived from the targeted response spectrum of the ground motion applying a new relationship that is established between the cumulative absolute displacement (CAD) of a wavelet and its peak spectral amplitude. The method follows a well‐defined procedure that can be easily implemented in a computer code for the automatic determination of the pulse parameters of a given ground motion. As an application, the pulses contained in 91 NGA records that have been classified as pulse‐like by Baker are determined. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating and Forecasting the Yield Curve Using A Markov Switching Dynamic Nelson and Siegel Model
Authors: Hevia Constantino , Gonzalez‐Rozada Martin , Sola Martin , Spagnolo Fabio 
Published: June 2014

SummaryWe estimate versions of the Nelson–Siegel model of the yield curve of US government bonds using a Markov switching latent variable model that allows for discrete changes in the stochastic process followed by the interest rates. Our modeling approach is motivated by evidence suggesting the existence of breaks in the behavior of the US yield curve that depend, for example, on whether the economy is in a recession or a boom, or on the stance of monetary policy. Our model is parsimonious, relatively easy to estimate and flexible enough to match the changing shapes of the yield curve over time. We also derive the discrete time non‐arbitrage restrictions for the Markov switching model. We compare the forecasting performance of these models with that of the standard dynamic Nelson and Siegel model and an extension that allows the decay rate parameter to be time varying. We show that some parametrizations of our model with regime shifts outperform the single‐regime Nelson and Siegel model and other standard empirical models of the yield curve. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clionasterol Glucoside and Acylated Clionasterol Glucosides from Oplismenus burmannii
Authors: Verma Surjeet , Kumar Shiv , Srivastava Santosh Kumar , Darokar Mahendra P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA new clionasterol glucoside, clionasterol‐[(1'→3α)‐O‐β‐D]‐glucopyranoside (1), a new acylated clionasterol glucoside, clionasterol‐[6'‐O‐acyl‐(1'→3β)‐O‐b‐D]‐glucopyranoside (2) and clionasterol (3) were isolated from the aerial parts of Oplismenus burmannii. The nature and length of fatty acid acyl chains in 2 was identified by alkaline methanolysis of compound 2. The aglycone fraction on GC‐MS analysis showed three peaks in GC at tR 49.86 (82.1%), 51.13 (13.3%) and 56.53 (4.6%) min, which were characterized as arachidic acid methyl ester (a) oleic acid methyl ester (b) and 12‐methyltetradecanoic acid methyl ester (c) respectively. Thus 2 was characterized as a mixture of three new compounds, clionasterol‐[6'‐O‐eicosanoyl‐(1'→3β)‐O‐β‐D]‐glucopyranoside (2a), clionasterol‐[6'‐O‐(8Z)‐octa‐deca‐9‐enoyl‐(1'→3β)‐O‐β‐D]‐glucopyranoside (2b) and clionasterol‐[6'‐O‐(12‐methyltetradecanoyl)‐(1'→3β)‐O‐β‐D]‐glucopyranoside (2c).
Theoretical Study of the Rate Coefficients for CH3NHNH2 + NO2 and Related Reactions
Authors: KANNO NOZOMU , TERASHIMA HIROSHI , DAIMON YU , YOSHIKAWA NORIHIKO , KOSHI MITSUO 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThe kinetics and mechanisms of H atom abstraction reactions from CH3NHNH2 by NO2 (R1) and related reactions have been investigated theoretically by using ωB97X‐D and CCSD(T)‐F12 quantum chemical calculations and the steady‐state unimolecular master equation analysis based on Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) theory. For reaction (R1), both dissociation and isomerization steps between intermediate complexes were found to be important for the distribution of the dissociated bimolecular products. The dominant products of (R1) were found to be cis‐CH3NHNH and HONO at lower temperature. The branching ratios for CH3NNH2 formation paths increased with increasing temperature. On the same reaction potential energy surface, six reactions including isomerization reactions between CH3NNH2 and cis‐/trans‐CH3NHNH catalyzed by HONO were suggested to compete with the reverse reaction of (R1). The temperature‐ and pressure‐dependent rate expressions are proposed for kinetic modeling.
Is level V neck dissection necessary in primary parotid cancer?
Authors: Lim Chwee M. , Gilbert Mark , Johnson Jonas T. , Kim Seungwon 
Published: June 2014

Objectives/HypothesisThis study aims to evaluate the pattern of nodal metastasis to level V in parotid cancer and to examine the clinical value of level V neck dissection (LVND).Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsRetrospective chart review of 86 patients (47 N0 nodal metastasis [N0] neck and 39 positive nodal metastasis [N+] neck) who received parotidectomy and neck dissection was performed. The prevalence of pathological nodal metastasis in level V neck was evaluated and correlated with locoregional recurrence.ResultsLVND was performed in 10.6% and 28.2% of patients with clinical NO (cN0) and cN+ neck disease, respectively. The prevalence of pathological positive nodal metastasis was 0% (cN0) and 81.8% (cN+). In patients with cN0 neck, the rate of recurrence in level V was 6%.ConclusionIn our patient cohort with predominantly high‐grade parotid cancer, LVND was necessary in patients with cN+ neck because there was a high likelihood for pathologically positive nodal metastasis. In patients with cN0 neck, the rate of recurrence in level V was low enough not to warrant a routine inclusion of LVND.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:118–121, 2015
Physiotherapists' Understanding of Red Flags for Back Pain
Authors: Ferguson Fraser C. , Morison Susan , Ryan Cormac G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIntroductionThe expanding role of physiotherapists, with increasing use of services such as self‐referral, means that demonstrating an ability to understanding and ask red‐flag questions appropriately has never been more important. The present study investigated how physiotherapists define common red flags, how they ask red‐flag questions, which red flags they routinely record and the importance that therapists attribute to individual red‐flags.MethodsIn this qualitative study, an online questionnaire survey was circulated to physiotherapists using various UK special interests networks. A total of 98 physiotherapists participated in the study, the majority of whom worked exclusively in the National Health Service.ResultsIn general, clinicians defined red flags for back pain in line with guidelines but there was little consensus on how therapists asked patients about red flags. Questioning often included undefined terminology and therapists not asking some red‐flag questions. Additionally, the more recently recognized flags (vague, non‐specific lower‐leg symptoms; band‐like trunk pain; decreased mobility) had less importance attached to them and were recorded less frequently.ConclusionsIf only certain red flags are being assessed, this may put patients at risk of having serious spinal pathologies going undetected. Thus, strategies encouraging therapists to ask all red‐flag questions may be needed. The importance of the more recently recognized red flags may need to be emphasized to clinicians. Finally, the inconsistent way in which the red‐flag questions were asked highlights a potential practical barrier to translating red‐flag knowledge into clinical practice. There is a need to build on this work, using in‐depth qualitative interviews, to gain a deeper understanding of how therapists understand and apply the red flags commonly used in back pain assessment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comb: a resilient and efficient two‐hop lookup service for distributed communication system
Authors: Shuang Kai , Zhang Peng , Su Sen 
Published: June 2014

AbstractCommunication systems utilize the distributed hash table (DHT) approach to build the network infrastructure for advantages of even distribution of workload, high scalability, and cost‐effectiveness. Although DHT is undoubtedly applicative in such architectures, some practical distinctions still should be considered to meet the performance requirements of communication infrastructures. This paper focuses on two features of the distributed communication system, the real‐time response and dynamic network maintenance, and proposes the Comb, which is a hierarchical DHT lookup service. Comb's overlay is organized as a two‐layered architecture, workload is distributed evenly among nodes, and most queries can be routed in no more than two hops. Comb is capable to scale to large systems and resilient to fluctuate, it provides a self‐managing and self‐healing mechanism for supporting system recovery from inconsistence. Comb performs effectively with low bandwidth consumption and satisfactory fault tolerance even in a continuously changing environment. Both theoretical analyses and experimental results demonstrate that the two‐layered architecture of Comb is resilient and efficient. Comb improves the performances on routing delay and lookup failure rates with high scalability and availability. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Level‐adjusted funnel plots based on predicted marginal expectations: an application to prophylactic antibiotics in gallstone surgery
Authors: Lindhagen Lars , Darkahi Bahman , Sandblom Gabriel , Berglund Lars 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFunnel plots are widely used to visualize grouped data, for example, in institutional comparison. This paper extends the concept to a multi‐level setting, displaying one level at a time, adjusted for the other levels, as well as for covariates at all levels. These level‐adjusted funnel plots are based on a Markov chain Monte Carlo fit of a random effects model, translating the estimated model parameters to predicted marginal expectations. Working within the estimation framework, we accommodate outlying institutions using heavy‐tailed random effects distributions. We also develop computer‐efficient methods to compute predicted probabilities in the case of dichotomous outcome data and various random effect distributions. We apply the method to a data set on prophylactic antibiotics in gallstone surgery. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perfectionism Affects Blood Pressure in Response to Repeated Exposure to Stress
Authors: Albert Phebe , Rice Kenneth G. , Caffee Lauren 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis pilot study examined the effects of perfectionism on blood pressure (BP) in response to repeated exposure to mental arithmetic stressors. College students (N = 30) in a laboratory setting were administered a series of challenging mathematical tasks. BP was measured at baseline and after each task. Multilevel modelling analyses revealed that BP tended to decline over the course of the mathematical tasks. However, higher levels of performance standards predicted relatively stable levels of systolic BP, whereas moderate and lower levels of standards predicted declines in systolic BP. Higher levels of self‐critical perfectionism predicted generally sustained levels of diastolic BP, with moderate and low self‐criticism predicting declines in diastolic BP during the repeated stressors. These preliminary results suggest that students with higher levels of perfectionism may be at risk for physiological problems associated with stress reactivity, perhaps especially so in situations in which they experience persistent stress. Although results were qualified by a relatively small sample size, effects were statistically significant and supported the importance of examining the short‐term and long‐term implications of the effects of perfectionism on cardiovascular function and the different implications of elevations in systolic and diastolic BP. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using a Generative Vocabulary Matrix in the Learning Workshop
Authors: Larson Sue C. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAs teachers organize classroom schedules to meet curricular demands and time constraints, they strive to seek ways to motivate and sustain student engagement in quality vocabulary instruction, enjoyable learning experiences, and interesting informational books. This article addresses these concerns and describes a vocabulary acquisition strategy called the Generative Vocabulary Matrix (GVM). The GVM is an interactive concept organizer that scaffolds student engagement in meaning‐making discourse to develop background knowledge. Teacher teams applied research on motivation and literacy to design a disciplinary science unit using a GVM as a tool for supporting conceptual understanding within a Learning Workshop context. Because learning activities resembled the language and practices that experts actually use in their field, including drawing from a richly structured schema, the GVM supports a disciplinary literacy approach for young learners.