bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The antipassive in Bantu
Authors: Bostoen Koen , Dom Sebastian , Segerer Guillaume 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe antipassive, an object-demoting diathesis commonly associated with ergative languages, has so far largely gone unnoticed in Bantu languages, which are of the accusative type. In this article, comparative evidence is raised to demonstrate that the antipassive is a voice construction to be reckoned with in Bantu. A robust typology of Bantu voice constructions is developed on the basis of the scarce data available in the literature. This evidence is reinterpreted in the light of original data from a number of Bantu languages, such as Cilubà and Kirundi, which were the subject of a more in-depth analysis. It is shown how the antipassive generally developed as a specific reading of the highly polysemous verbal suffix
How multiple past tenses divide the labor: The case of South Baffin Inuktitut
Authors: Hayashi Midori , Oshima David Y. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIt is a common perception that in languages having multiple past tenses with different remoteness specifications, the past tenses cover the entire past without a gap or overlap. This paper demonstrates that this way of looking at multiple-past tense systems is not appropriate for the system in South Baffin Inuktitut (a variety of the Inuit language). The dialect has at least four past tenses: recent, hodiernal, pre-hodiernal, and distant. We argue that the relation between the four tenses cannot be represented by a simple linear scheme for two reasons. First, the pre-hodiernal past has a special status as the “conventionally designated alternative”, which is chosen in cases of remoteness indeterminacy, analogous to, for example, the Russian masculine gender being used in cases of gender indeterminacy. Second, there is overlap in their coverage. The pre-hodiernal and hodiernal past tenses collectively cover the entire past and thus any past situation can be described with one of them. The other two provide means to make more fine-grained and subjective temporal specifications. Comparison will be made between the system in South Baffin Inuktitut and those in some Bantoid languages which have been pointed out in the literature to have a comparable layered system of tenses.
Seismic Design Of Low-Rise Office Buildings According To Romanian Seismic Codes. Case Study.
Authors: Ghiţă Ana-Maria 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper presents a study case and highlights the changes made by the new, in force, seismic Code P100-1/2013 in comparison with the former P100-1/2006, concerning the reinforced concrete frame structural systems design. Different seismic designed RC frames systems, compatible with modern office requirements, were studied. The influence of the earthquake codes provisions on design of regular buildings, having openings fitted for open spaces, with a story height of 3.50m, was assessed. The benefits of tubular structures, with rigid frames made of closely spaced columns on the building perimeter, were analyzed as well. The results of the study case are presented emphasizing the consequences of the application of the new seismic Code on the computation of the reinforced concrete frame structures.
The Experimental Analysis Of An Innovative Yielding Metallic Damper
Authors: Venghiac Vasile-Mircea , Budescu Mihai 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
One of the most destructive natural phenomena is the earthquake. These events destroy lives, goods and disrupt human activities. For this reason the anti-seismic protection of buildings is a very important and of interest subject in Civil Engineering. In the case of structures with a low seismic energy dissipation capacity (for example steel frame structures with Slimdek composite floors), this problem becomes more complicated due to the requirement of dampers. In this paper an experimental study is presented regarding an innovative yielding metallic energy dissipation device, proposed by the author. An experiment is carried out on a shake table. By studying the results from the experiments and from the previous carried out numerical analysis we can conclude that this device provides a high anti-seismic protection for this type of structures.
Synthesis and photocatalytic performance of spongy ZnO microstructures
Authors: Zou Y.L. , Li Y. , Wang Q. , An D.M. , Lian X.X. , Lv T. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Spongy ZnO microstructures were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and oxalic acid as raw materials. The as-obtained ZnO were characterized by powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), respectively. The BET surface area and average pore size of the samples were determined by nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis. Effects of precursor and hydrothermal temperature on the morphology and photocatalytic activity of the products were investigated. SEM and TEM analysis indicated that the as-obtained spongy ZnO microstructures consisted of a large amount of ZnO particles with the average size of about 100 to 150 nm. The photocatalytic activities of the spongy ZnO microstructures were evaluated by photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV light radiation. The results indicated that the ZnO synthesized at 150 °C for 10 h showed the highest photocatalytic activity and the degradation ratio of MB reached 99.5 % for 60 min of UV light irradiation with the light intensity of 10 mW · cm-2.
Improved efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells by doping of strontium aluminate phosphor in TiO2 photoelectrode
Authors: Hwangbo Seung , Kim Jin-Tae , Hwang Kyu-Seog 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor was synthesized by chemical solution route to use as a dopant in TiO2 layer employed as a photoelectrode for down conversion of ultraviolet and near-ultraviolet to visible and near-infrared light in a dye-sensitized solar cell. Nano-crystalline structure of the SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ powder was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Monitored at 520 nm, SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor showed emission peaks at 460 to 610 nm due to 4f6 4f7 transitions of Eu2+ ions. For the study, SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor-doped TiO2 layer was deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide coated glass by electrostatic spray deposition. The short circuit current, open circuit voltage, fill factor, and conversion efficiency of the cells were measured. Experimental results revealed that the device efficiency for the SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor-doped TiO2 layer increased to 7.20 %, whereas that of the pure-TiO2 photoelectrode was 4.13 %.
Two-extremum electrostatic potential of metal-lattice plasma and the work function of an electron
Authors: Surma S.A. , Brona J. , Ciszewski A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Metal-lattice plasma is treated as a neutral two-component two-phase system of 2D surface and 3D bulk. Free electron density and bulk chemical potential are used as intensive parameters of the system with the phase boundary position determined in the crystalline lattice. A semiempirical expression for the electron screened electrostatic potential is constructed using the lattice-plasma polarization concept. It comprises an image term and three repulsion/attraction terms of second and fourth orders. The novel curve has two extremes and agrees with certain theoretical forms of potential. A practical formula for the electron work function of metals and a simplified schema of electronic structure at the metal/vacuum interface are proposed. This yields 10.44 eV for the Fermi energy of free electron gas; -5.817 eV for the Fermi energy level; 4.509 eV for the average work function of bcc tungsten. Selected data are also given for fcc Cu and hcp Re. For harmonic frequencies ~ 10E16 per s of the self-excited metal-lattice plasma, energy gaps of 14.54 and 8.02 eV are found, which correspond to the bulk and surface plasmons, respectively. Further extension of this thermodynamics and metal-lattice theory based approach may contribute to a better understanding of theoretical models which are employed in chemical physics, catalysis and materials science of nanostructures.
Synthesis and modification of reduced graphene oxide aerogels for biofuel cell applications
Authors: Kondratowicz Izabela , Żelechowska Kamila , Majdecka Dominika , Bilewicz Renata 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
We have carried out the preparation of reduced graphene oxide aerogels using eco-friendly method that is based on the Hummers method of graphite oxidation without the use of NaNO3 that produces toxic gases. To obtain a porous 3D structure of reduced graphene oxide, we performed the hydrothermal reduction at elevated temperature. We also prepared the rGO aerogel/CNT composite using multiwalled carbon nanotubes as linkers. The rGO aerogels are promising materials as they possess good electrical conductivity (up to 100 S/m) and high surface area and porous structure (~500 m2/g). The main goal was to obtain the material for electrodes in enzymatic biofuel cells. Thus, the proper modification was performed using free radical functionalization. It was shown that in order to synthesize rGO aerogels modified with anthracene, the proper order of reactions needs to be provided. The morphology of anthracene modified electrodes was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, which confirmed their porous structure with non-uniform pore size distribution that ranged between few nanometers to microns. Data obtained by Raman spectroscopy confirmed the successful oxidation and reduction of analyzed materials. UV-Vis spectra revealed the presence of anthracene moieties in examined materials. We also recorded preliminary cyclic voltammograms that confirm an electric conductivity of the obtained structures.
Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of polycrystalline gadolinium aluminum perovskite (GdAlO3, GAP)
Authors: N. Girish H. , B. Basavalingu , G.-Q. Shao , P. Sajan C. , Verma S. K. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Gadolinium aluminum perovskite (GdAlO3, GAP) is a promising high temperature ceramic material, known for its wide applications in phosphors. Polycrystalline gadolinium aluminum perovskites were synthesized using a precursor of co-precipitate gel of GdAlO3 by employing hydrothermal supercritical fluid technique under pressure and temperature ranging from 150 to 200 MPa and 600 to 700 °C, respectively. The resulted products of GAP were studied using the characterization techniques, such as powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDX). The X-ray diffraction pattern matched well with the reported orthorhombic GAP pattern (JCPDS-46-0395).
Investigation of microwave and electrical characteristics of Co–Zr substituted M-type Ba–Sr hexagonal ferrite
Authors: Singh Lovdeep , Malhotra Jagjeet , Singh Charanjeet , Narang S. Bindra , Chandra Madhu 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Microwave characteristics of M-type hexagonal ferrite, Ba0.5Sr0.5CoxZrxFe(12-2x)O19 (x = 0.0 to 1.0 in steps of 0.2), have been investigated as a function of frequency and substitution at X-band. The microwave absorption has been investigated using absorber testing device method. The static I-V characteristics have been studied as a function of substitution. The results show maximum microwave absorption at higher substitution. The static current exhibits ohmic behavior from 0 to 3 V and exponential trend from 3 to 4.8 V. The microstructure influences both microwave and electrical properties. The ferrite compositions for different electromagnetic applications are also suggested by measuring the microwave absorbed, transmitted and reflected power.
Numerical model of the nanoindentation test based on the digital material representation of the Ti/TiN multilayers
Authors: Perzyński Konrad , Wiatr Radosław , Madej Łukasz 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The developed numerical model of a local nanoindentation test, based on the digital material representation (DMR) concept, has been presented within the paper. First, an efficient algorithm describing the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process was proposed to realistically recreate the specific morphology of a nanolayered material in an explicit manner. The nanolayered Ti/TiN composite was selected for the investigation. Details of the developed cellular automata model of the PLD process were presented and discussed. Then, the Ti/TiN DMR was incorporated into the finite element software and numerical model of the nanoindentation test was established. Finally, examples of obtained results presenting capabilities of the proposed approach were highlighted.
Young’s modulus and creep compliance of GaAs and Ga1-xMnxAs ferromagnetic thin films under thermal stress at varied manganese doping levels
Authors: Kemei S.K. , Kirui M.S.K. , Ndiritu F.G. , Ngumbu R.G. , Odhiambo P.M. , Leite D.M.G. , Pereira A.L.J. , Da Silva J.H. Dias 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Dynamical mechanical analysis yields information about the mechanical properties of a material as a function of deforming factors, such as temperature, oscillating stress and strain amplitudes. GaAs and Mn-doped GaAs at varied levels, used in making electronic devices, suffer from damage due to changes in environmental temperatures. This is a defective factor experienced during winter and summer seasons. Hence, there was a need to establish the best amount of manganese to be doped in GaAs so as to obtain a mechanically stable spin injector material to make electronic devices. Mechanical properties of Ga1-xMnxAs spin injector were studied in relation to temperatures above room temperature (25 °C). Here, creep compliance, Young’s moduli and creep recovery for all studied samples with different manganese doping levels (MDLs) were determined using DMA 2980 Instrument from TA instruments Inc. The study was conducted using displace-recover programme on DMA creep mode with a single cantilever clamp. The samples were prepared using RF sputtering techniques. From the creep compliance study it was found that MDL of 10 % was appropriate at 30 °C and 40 °C. The data obtained can be useful to the spintronic and electronic device engineers in designing the appropriate devices to use at 30 °C and above or equal to 40 °C.
Growth of intermetallic compound between indium-based thermal interface material and copper substrate: molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Falat Tomasz , Platek Bartosz 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The diffusion phenomenon occurring between copper and indium was investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The calculations were carried out in various temperatures in aging domain with the use of the commercially available Materials Studio v.6. software. The results showed that the intermetallic compound (IMC) growth followed the parabolic law, which indicated this growth to be mainly controlled by volume diffusion. The growth activation energy was estimated at 7.48 kJ · mol-1.
Investigations of electrical and optical properties of functional TCO thin films
Authors: Domaradzki Jarosław , Kaczmarek Danuta , Drabczyk Kazimierz , Panek Piotr 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) films of indium-tin-oxide were evaporated on the surface of silicon wafers after phosphorous diffusion and on the reference glass substrates. The influence of deposition process parameters (electron beam current, oxygen flow and the substrate temperature) on optical and electrical properties of evaporated thin films were investigated by means of resistivity measurements and optical spectrophotometry. The performance of prepared thin films was judged by calculated figure of merit and the best result was obtained for the sample deposited on the substrate heated to the 100 °C and then removed from the deposition chamber and annealed in an air for 5 minutes at 400 °C. Refractive index and extinction coefficient were evaluated based on measured transmission spectra and used for designing of antireflection coating for solar cell. The obtained results showed that prepared TCO thin films are promising as a part of counter electrode in crystalline silicon solar cell construction.
Study of Small-signal Model of Simple CMOS Amplifier with Instability Compensation of Positive Feedback Loop
Authors: Sotner R. , Jerabek J. , Herencsar N. , Vrba K. , Lahiri A. , Dostal T. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper deals with precise analysis of simple AC variable gain CMOS amplifier. The circuit can be used as a simple voltage follower (6 MOS transistors are required) or amplifier. The main attention of this work is focused on a small-signal model of the proposed block and effects of additional passive network leading to compensation of its instability. The continuous gain adjusting in range from 1.1 to 10 (0.8 – 20 dB and with bandwidth 4.9 - 90 MHz at 5 pF load capacitance) is possible and the proposed amplifier is suitable for implementation in systems, where lower range of gain adjusting and large dynamical range is required. Theoretical analyses are supported by PSpice simulations (TSMC 0.18 um technological models) and experimental measurements with commercially available CMOS transistor fields (ALD1106/7) also confirm the discussed behavior of the amplifier.
Crystal structure of tetrakis(µ2-formiato-κ2O:O')bis(4-methylpyridine-κN) dirhodium(II) (Rh–Rh), C16H18N2O8Rh2
Authors: Ye Qing-Song , Yu Juan , Li Xiao-Nian , Chang Qiao-Wen , Jiang Jing , Yan Cai-Xian , Liu Wei-Ping 
Published: July 2015

Abstract C16H18N2O8Rh2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.635(2) Å, b = 11.375(3) Å, c = 7.854(2) Å, β = 90.634(3)°, V = 950.0 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0373, wRref(F2) = 0.0930, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of 6-(phenylsulfanyl)-5-propylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)- dione, C13H14N2O2S
Authors: Al-Omary Fatmah A. M. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Attia Mohamed I. , Fun Hoong-Kun , El-Emam Ali A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract C13H14N2O2S, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 10.0414(5) Å, b = 11.0866(6) Å, c = 12.6400(7) Å, α = 96.149(2)°, β = 105.602(2)°, γ = 110.432(2)°, V = 1238.2 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0553, wRref(F2) = 0.1105, T = 150 K.
A new spurless Habenella species (Orchidaceae) from Nepal
Authors: Kolanowska Marta , Kras Marta , Szlachetko Dariusz L. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract A new species of the genus Habenella Small is described based on material collected in Nepal. The novelty resembles H. anomaliflora Kurzweil & Chantanaorr., from which it differs by the presence of a single leaf, oblong-lanceolate lip, ovate lateral sepals with a somewhat oblique base, and oblong-lanceolate petals. An identification key for representatives of Habenaria s.l. reported from Nepal is included.
The genus Bryoerythrophyllum (Musci, Pottiaceae) in Antarctica
Authors: Sollman Philip 
Published: July 2015

Abstract Antarctic material of the genus Bryoerythrophyllum P. C. Chen was studied from all specimens present in KRAM. Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (Hedw.) P. C. Chen var. antarcticum L. I. Savicz & Smirnova is treated as a distinct species: B. antarcticum (L. I. Savicz & Smirnova) P. Sollman, stat. nov. Three species are now known in the Antarctic region: B. antarcticum, B. recurvirostrum and B. rubrum (Jur. ex Geh.) P. C. Chen. Bryoerythrophyllum rubrum is reported for the first time from the Antarctic. It is a bipolar species. A key to the taxa is given. These species are described and briefly discussed, with notes on illustrations, reproduction, habitat, world range, distribution and elevation in Antarctica.
Utricularia bremii (Lentibulariaceae) in Poland
Authors: Krajewski Łukasz , Płachno Bartosz J. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract Utricularia bremii Heer ex Kölliker has been found in a former sand quarry in Dąbrowa Górnicza (Silesia-Cracow Upland, S Poland). This subatlantic species is very rarely reported from Western and Southern Europe, and extremely rarely from Central Europe. Some localities were reported from Poland, mainly in the first half of the 20th century, but none of them are considered reliable and the species is not included in the flora of Poland. In the newly discovered locality the species forms a very abundant population in shallow, nutrient-poor ditches and pools. The origin of the population is uncertain, but before sand exploitation started the area was covered by extensive fens.
Labels on the maps of the Third Military Survey of Austria-Hungary and on the survey maps of the Military Geographical Institute (Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny) in Warsaw in the light of survey manuals*
Authors: Włoskowicz Wojciech 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Materials from topographic surveys had a serious impact on the labels on the maps that were based on these surveys. Collecting toponyms and information that were to be placed as labels on a final map, was an additional duty the survey officers were tasked with. Regulations concerning labels were included in survey manuals issued by the Austro-Hungarian Militärgeographisches Institut in Vienna and the Polish Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny in Warsaw.
The analyzed Austro-Hungarian regulations date from the years 1875, 1887, 1894, 1903 (2nd ed.). The oldest manual was issued during the Third Military Survey of Austria-Hungary (1:25,000) and regulated the way it was conducted (it is to be supposed that the issued manual was mainly a collection of regulations issued prior to the survey launch). The Third Survey was the basis for the 1:75,000 Spezialkarte map. The other manuals regulated the field revisions of the survey. The analyzed Polish manuals date from the years 1925, 1936, and 1937.
The properties of the labels resulted from the military purpose of the maps. The geographical names’ function was to facilitate land navigation whereas other labels were meant to provide a military map user with information that could not be otherwise transmitted with standard map symbols. A concern for not overloading the maps with labels is to be observed in the manuals: a survey officer was supposed to conduct a preliminary generalization of geographical names.
During a survey both an Austro-Hungarian and a Polish survey officer marked labels on a separate “label sheet”. The most important difference between the procedures in the two institutes was that in the last stage of work an Austro-Hungarian officer transferred the labels (that were to be placed on a printed map) from the “label sheet” to the hand-drawn survey map, which made a cartographer not responsible for placing them in the right places. In the case of the Polish institute the labels remained only on the “label sheets”.
Heroes and Villains in Uruguayan Soccer (2010-2014): A discursive Approach
Authors: Maneiro Cristian , Marchi Wanderley 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper proposes to discuss, through an individual case study of four athletes, the mechanisms used by the Uruguayan sports press in the discursive construction of national soccer heroes and villains in the 2010-2014 period.
The article begins with a theoretically founded introduction to the processes of media construction of sports heroes and their importance in the socialization process individuals go through in any given society.
Afterwards, a brief case study of the selected athletes is developed in light of this theoretical framework, focusing on the mechanisms used for discursively constructing heroes and their transformations into villains.
Finally, the selected cases are summarized, underlying the media atribution of certain values and features considered socially desirable by Uruguayan society.