bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes from Cyanoacrylate Use in Tracheal Anastomosis in a Rat Model
Authors: Bicer Yusuf Ozgur , Koybasi Serap , Seyhan Sinan , Firat Tulin , Kazaz Hasan 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the histologic effects of N‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate (NBCA) and metacryloxisulfolane (MS) comonomer on tracheal anastomosis in vivo on a rat model of tracheal resection and end‐to‐end anastomosis.Study DesignAnimal experiment. Rat model of tracheal resection and end‐to‐end anastomosis.SettingAnimal laboratory.Subjects and MethodsTracheal resection and end‐to‐end anastomosis were performed in 28 Wistar albino rats. Rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control (n = 14), in which anastomoses were performed with 8/0 Vicryl, and study (n = 14), in which NBCA and MS comonomer was used in addition to 8/0 Vicryl to perform anastomosis. Seven rats from each group were sacrificed on day 7 and the remaining on day 28 for gross and histologic examination.ResultsIndurations at the site of anastomoses were detected in all rats of study group. Slight narrowing at the site of anastomosis was observed in 8 rats of the study group and in only 1 of the control group. The difference was significant on day 28 (P =. 021). The inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly increased in the study group on day 28 (P =. 022). Epithelial regeneration was found to be worse in the study group on day 28 (P =. 022).ConclusionsThe use of NBCA and MS comonomer increased the inflammation in rat tracheal anastomosis with respect to inflammatory cell count and epithelial regeneration. So the use of NBCA and MS comonomer in tracheal surgery cannot be recommended yet in the light of our data.
Correlation of volumetric perfusion CT parameters with hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha expression in a rabbit VX2 tumor model
Authors: Kim Jung Im , Lee Hyun-Ju , Goo Jin Mo , Kim Min A , Chung Doo Hyun 
Published: September 2015

Background Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) plays a critical role in tumoral angiogenesis and HIF-1α overexpression is associated with an increased risk of patient mortality in many cancers. A number of studies have introduced perfusion computed tomography (CT) as a monitoring modality for antiangiogenic therapy. Purpose To investigate significance of volumetric perfusion CT parameters in relationship to HIF-1α expression in VX2 tumor rabbit models. Material and Methods Twenty VX2 carcinoma tumors of bilateral back muscles of 10 rabbits were evaluated with serial volumetric perfusion CT in 7, 10, and 14 days after tumor implantation. CT perfusion data were analyzed to calculate blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), and permeability surface area product (PS) of whole tumor and non-necrotic peripheral area (periphery). Immunohistochemical analysis of HIF-1α expression and microvessel density (MVD) was performed. Results HIF-1α was expressed in 12 tumors; two, three, and seven tumors classified as scores 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Mean MVD was 24.85 ± 13.7. PS of both the whole tumor and periphery showed positive correlations with HIF-1α score (r = 0.41, P = 0.046; r = 0.43, P = 0.002, respectively). BV of periphery showed a negative correlation with HIF-1α (r = −0.48, P = 0.040). There was strong positive correlation between HIF-1α expression and MVD (r = 0.82, P < 0.001). Conclusion In VX2 tumors, volumetric perfusion CT parameters were of limited value for the prediction of HIF-1α activity although HIF-1α expression was found to be weakly positively correlated with PS and negatively correlated with BV.
New graduates’ experience of evidence-based practice: An action research study
Authors: Morrison Tara , Robertson Linda 
Published: September 2015

Introduction The aim of this project was to explore how occupational therapy graduates in New Zealand engaged with evidence-based practice. Method The study adopted an action research approach. Five new graduates were recruited and worked with the researcher to identify practical problems related to using evidence-based practice and to propose solutions. Surveys, email and discussion groups were used to collect data over three action research cycles. Findings The main findings from this study were that new graduates are more likely to use research evidence when prompted to do this by their supervisor (or another external source) and that senior occupational therapists are identified as essential to both demonstrate and motivate evidence-based behaviours. New graduates used evidence to justify their practice to others, increase self-confidence and to inform themselves. The evidence used was commonly based on the expertise of senior therapists. Conclusion For new graduates the tasks of searching and evaluating evidence are secondary to developing and clarifying their clinical knowledge and skills. The expectations of the workplace and the partnership between new graduate and experienced clinician are highly influential in establishing regular habits related to evidence-based practice.
Wnt signaling induces transcription, spatial proximity, and translocation of fusion gene partners in human hematopoietic cells
Authors: Ugarte Giorgia D. , Vargas Macarena F. , Medina Matías A. , León Pablo , Necuñir David , Elorza Alvaro A. , Gutiérrez Soraya E. , Moon Randall T. , Loyola Alejandra , De Ferrari Giancarlo V. 
Published: September 2015

Key Points
Wnt/β-catenin signaling increases ETO and Runx1 transcription in human hematopoietic progenitors. Wnt/β-catenin signaling enhances spatial proximity of ETO and RUNX1 genes and induces the generation of a recurrent translocation event.
Predicting recurrence after unprovoked venous thromboembolism: prospective validation of the updated Vienna Prediction Model
Authors: Tritschler Tobias , Méan Marie , Limacher Andreas , Rodondi Nicolas , Aujesky Drahomir 
Published: September 2015

Key Points
The updated Vienna Prediction Model was developed to identify patients with unprovoked VTE who are at low risk of recurrence. In elderly patients with unprovoked VTE, the model does not discriminate between patients who develop recurrent VTE and those who do not.
On common approximate fixed points of monotone nonexpansive semigroups in Banach spaces
Authors: Bachar Mostafa , Khamsi Mohamed A 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the common approximate fixed points of monotone nonexpansive semigroups of nonlinear mappings $\{T(t)\}_{t \geq0}$

{
T
(
t
)
}

t
≥
0

, i.e., a family such that $T(0)x=x$
T
(
0
)
x
=
x
, $T(s+t)x=T(s)\circ T(t)x $
T
(
s
+
t
)
x
=
T
(
s
)
∘
T
(
t
)
x
, where the domain is a Banach space. In particular we prove that under suitable conditions, the common approximate fixed points are the same as the common approximate fixed points set of two mappings from the family. Then we give an algorithm of how to construct an approximate fixed point sequence of the semigroup in the case of a uniformly convex Banach space.
Complete genome sequence of Bacillus thuringiensis strain HD521
Authors: Li Qiao , Xu Li Z. , Zou Ting , Ai Peng , Huang Gang H. , Li Ping , Zheng Ai P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBacillus thuringiensis is the most widely used biological pesticide in the world. It belongs to the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group, which contains six species. Among these six species, B. thuringiensis, B. anthracis, and B. cereus have a low genetic diversity. B. thuringiensis strain HD521 shows maroon colony which is different from most of the B. thuringiensis strains. Strain HD521 also displays an ability to inhibit plant sheath blight disease pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IB) growth and can form bipyramidal parasporal crystals consisting of three cry7 genes. These crystals have an insecticidal activity against Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata larva (Coleoptera). Here we report the complete genome sequence of strain HD521, which has one chromosome and six circular plasmids.
Instructive role of M-CSF on commitment of bipotent myeloid cells involves ERK-dependent positive and negative signaling
Authors: Carras Sylvain , Valayer Alexandre , Moratal Claudine , Weiss-Gayet Michèle , Pages Gilles , Morlé Francois , Mouchiroud Guy , Gobert Stéphanie 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
M-CSF and G-CSF are instructive cytokines that specifically induce differentiation of bipotent myeloid progenitors into macrophages and granulocytes, respectively. Through morphology and colony assay studies, flow cytometry analysis of specific markers, and expression of myeloid transcription factors, we show here that the Eger/Fms cell line is composed of cells whose differentiation fate is instructed by M-CSF and G-CSF, thus representing a good in vitro model of myeloid bipotent progenitors. Consistent with the essential role of ERK1/2 during macrophage differentiation and defects of macrophagic differentiation in native ERK1−/− progenitors, ERK signaling is strongly activated in Eger/Fms cells upon M-CSF-induced macrophagic differentiation but only to a very small extent during G-CSF-induced granulocytic differentiation. Previous in vivo studies indicated a key role of Fli-1 in myeloid differentiation and demonstrated its weak expression during macrophagic differentiation with a strong expression during granulocytic differentiation. Here, we demonstrated that this effect could be mediated by a differential regulation of protein kinase Cδ (PKCd) on Fli-1 expression in response to M-CSF and G-CSF. With the use of knockdown of PKCd by small interfering RNA, we demonstrated that M-CSF activates PKCd, which in turn, inhibits Fli-1 expression and granulocytic differentiation. Finally, we studied the connection between ERK and PKCd and showed that in the presence of the MEK inhibitor U0126, PKCd expression is decreased, and Fli-1 expression is increased in response to M-CSF. Altogether, we demonstrated that in bipotent myeloid cells, M-CSF promotes macrophagic over granulocytic differentiation by inducing ERK activation but also PKCd expression, which in turn, down-regulates Fli-1 expression and prevents granulocytic differentiation.
Resilience and MRI correlates of cognitive impairment in
community-dwelling elders
Authors: Topiwala Anya , Allan Charlotte L. , Valkanova Vyara , Zsoldos Enikoá , Filippini Nicola , Sexton Claire E. , Mahmood Abda , Singh-Manoux Archana , Mackay Clare E. , Kivimäki Mika , Ebmeier Klaus P. 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundThe contribution of education and intelligence to resilience against
age-related cognitive decline is not clear, particularly in the presence
of ‘normal for age’ minor brain abnormalities.MethodParticipants (n = 208, mean age 69.2 years, s.d. = 5.4)
in the Whitehall II imaging substudy attended for neuropsychological
testing and multisequence 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging. Images
were independently rated by three trained clinicians for global and
hippocampal atrophy, periventricular and deep white matter changes.ResultsAlthough none of the participants qualified for a clinical diagnosis of
dementia, a screen for cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive
Assessment (MoCA) <26) was abnormal in 22%. Hippocampal atrophy, in
contrast to other brain measures, was associated with a reduced MoCA
score even after controlling for age, gender, socioeconomic status, years
of education and premorbid IQ. Premorbid IQ and socioeconomic status were
associated with resilience in the presence of hippocampal atrophy.ConclusionsIndependent contributions from a priori risk (age,
hippocampal atrophy) and resilience (premorbid function, socioeconomic
status) combine to predict measured cognitive impairment.
Effect of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction on pharmacokinetics of verapamil in rats
Authors: Xie Shan-Shan , Hu Nan , Jing Xin-Yue , Liu Xiao-Dong , Xie Lin , Wang Guang-Ji , Liu Chang-Hui 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Objectives
The aim was to investigate the effect of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction (HLJDD) on the pharmacokinetic behaviour of verapamil in rats.

Methods
Rats orally received 3.33 g/kg of HLJDD extract for 14 days, and pharmacokinetics of verapamil was investigated after oral and intravenous verapamil. Norverapamil formation for assessing cytochrome P450 3A activity in hepatic and intestinal microsomes of the HLJDD-treated rats was investigated. The inhibitory effect of berberine on the formation of norverapamil in intestinal and hepatic microsomes was also evaluated.

Key findings
HLJDD treatment increased the plasma concentration of verapamil and decreased the plasma concentration of norverapamil, resulting in a 24% increase in the AUC0–480 of verapamil and a 25% reduction in the AUC0–480 of norverapamil after oral administration. However, HLJDD did not alter the pharmacokinetic behaviour of verapamil after intravenous administration. Norverapamil formation showed biphasic kinetics in both intestinal and hepatic microsomes. HLJDD treatment significantly decreased the intrinsic clearance of verapamil in intestinal microsomes, but had no effect on the hepatic metabolism of verapamil. Berberine also inhibited norverapamil formation in both intestinal and hepatic microsomes; the extent of inhibition was larger in intestinal microsomes.

Conclusions
HLJDD displayed a route-dependent effect on the pharmacokinetics of verapamil in rats. HLJDD treatment increased the bioavailability of verapamil partly via inhibiting first-pass verapamil metabolism in the intestine.
Up-regulation of the lysyl hydroxylase 2 gene by acetaminophen and isoniazid is modulated by transcription factor c-Myb
Authors: Kubota Masafumi , Shinoda Aya , Iguchi Kazuhiro , Takahashi Yukari , Usui Shigeyuki , Kiho Tadashi , Hirano Kazuyuki 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Objectives
Lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2), an isoform of hydroxylase, catalyses the hydroxylation of lysine residues in the telopeptide of collagen to form stable and irreversible cross-linkages in collagen. Increased activity of this enzyme in activated stellate cells in human liver has been proposed to relate to the promotion of hepatic fibrosis. In the present study, we examined the regulation of LH2 expression in drug-induced liver injury in order to clarify the mechanisms behind the hepatic fibrosis caused by certain drugs.

Methods
The mRNA and protein expression of the target gene were detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific primers and Western blotting with a specific antibody, respectively.

Key findings
The expression of LH2 was increased in HepG2 cells incubated with acetaminophen and isoniazid. This increase was accompanied by an increase in the expression of c-myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (Myb) mRNA. Over-expression of c-Myb in cells transfected with a c-Myb expression plasmid, pMbm I, caused an increase in the expression of LH2 mRNA. Mutation of the Myb-binding site in the promoter region of the LH2 gene resulted in a loss of transcriptional activation in the reporter gene assay.

Conclusions
These results suggest that c-Myb modulates the expression of the LH2 gene in HepG2 cells incubated with drugs causing hepatic fibrosis
In-vitro promoted differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards hepatocytes induced by salidroside
Authors: Ouyang Jing-Feng , Lou Jianguo , Yan Chen , Ren Zi-Hua , Qiao Hong-Xiang , Hong Dong-Sheng 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Objectives
The present study aimed to investigate whether salidroside can induce differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) towards hepatocytes in vitro and the mechanism of hepatic differentiation of rMSCs.

Methods
rMSCs were subject to hepatic differentiation. One, two and three weeks later, the expression of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin (ALB), cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-dependent activity and inducibility, cellular uptake of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and urea synthesis were assessed and the hepatic differentiation of rMSCs was evaluated. In order to unravel the mechanism of hepatic differentiation of rMSCs in vitro, inhibitors of extracellular regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and p38 were applied. When the process of hepatic differentiation was completed, special proteins of hepatic differentiation were detected and blocking of inhibitors was evaluated.

Key findings
Salidroside significantly induce differentiation of rMSCs towards hepatocytes. Differentiated rMSCs have typical functional hepatic characteristics. The results also showed that the ERK1/2 and PI3K signalling pathways play important roles in the regulatory effects of salidroside on hepatic differentiation of rMSCs and are involved in cell fate determinations, while the p38 signalling pathway does not.

Conclusions
Salidroside can induce differentiation of rMSCs towards hepatocytes in vivo, and the ERK1/2 or PI3K signalling pathway underlie the process of hepatic differentiation.
Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of gallic acid in paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice
Authors: Rasool Mahaboob Khan , Sabina Evan Prince , Ramya Segu R , Preety Pranatharthiharan , Patel Smita , Mandal Niharika , Mishra Punya P , Samuel Jaisy 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this research paper was to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of gallic acid in paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice.

Methods
In the present study, the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of gallic acid were evaluated against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and compared with the silymarin, a standard hepatoprotective drug. The mice received a single dose of paracetamol (900 mg/kg body weight i.p.). Gallic acid (100 mg/kg body weight i.p.) and silymarin (25 mg/kg body weight i.p.) were administered 30 min after the injection of paracetamol. After 4 h, liver marker enzymes (aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase) and inflammatory mediator tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were estimated in serum, while the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione) were determined in liver homogenate of the control and experimental mice.

Key findings
Increased activities of liver marker enzymes and elevated TNF-α and lipid peroxidation levels were observed in mice exposed to paracetamol (P &lt; 0.05), whereas the antioxidant status was found to be depleted (P &lt; 0.05) when compared with the control group. However gallic acid treatment (100 mg/kg body weight i.p.) significantly reverses (P &lt; 0.05) the above changes by its antioxidant action compared to the control group as observed in the paracetamol-challenged mice.

Conclusions
The results clearly demonstrate that gallic acid possesses promising hepatoprotective effects.
Evaluation of quality of Radix Puerariae herbal medicine by isoflavonoids
Authors: Chen Tong Rong , Chen Lei An , Wei Que King 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Objectives
A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to examine five isoflavonoids present in Chinese herbal medicinal products containing Radix Puerariae.

Methods
Five isoflavonids, puerarin, daidzin, genistin, daidzein and genistein, were measured by HPLC. The HPLC system was equipped with an ODS-AM-303 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm) and established gradient system comprising glacial acetic acid/water and glacial acetic acid/acetonitrile.

Key findings
The developed HPLC system yielded good separation of the five isoflavonoids. Relative coefficients of intraday and interday analysis of variation were less than 5%. The isoflavonoid recovery from Radix Puerariae was 90–113%. Most of the Radix Puerariae products studied contained five isoflavonoids in their HPLC fingerprint. The major component was purarine, then daidzin and daidzein; genistin and genistein were the least abundant. Five Radix Puerariae herbal medicines contained various concentrations of isoflavonoids. Of the 11 scientific extracted formulas of Radix Puerariae tested, ST brands had a greater isoflavonoid content than KA and SC brands.

Conclusions
Separation and quantification of the five isoflavonoids by this HPLC method was suitable to assess the quality of Radix Puerariae herbal medicine products.
Phytantriol and glyceryl monooleate cubic liquid crystalline phases as sustained-release oral drug delivery systems for poorly water-soluble drugs II. In-vivo evaluation
Authors: Nguyen Tri-Hung , Hanley Tracey , Porter Christopher J H , Larson Ian , Boyd Ben J 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Objectives
Lipid-based liquid crystals formed from phytantriol (PHY) and glyceryl monooleate (GMO) retain their cubic-phase structure on dilution in physiologically relevant simulated gastrointestinal media, suggesting their potential application as sustained-release drug-delivery systems for poorly water-soluble drugs. In this study the potential of PHY and GMO to serve as sustained-release lipid vehicles for a model poorly-water-soluble drug, cinnarizine, was assessed and compared to that of an aqueous suspension formulation.

Methods
Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to confirm the nanostructure of the liquid-crystalline matrix in the presence of the selected model drug, cinnarizine. Oral bioavailability studies were conducted in rats, and disposition of lipid and drug in segments of the gastrointestinal tract was determined over time. Differences in the digestibility and stability of formulations under digestion conditions were investigated using an in-vitro lipolysis model.

Key findings
The oral bioavailability of cinnarizine using the PHY formulation was 41%, compared to 19% for the GMO formulation and 6% for an aqueous suspension. The PHY formulation provided a Tmax for cinnarizine of 33 h, with absorption apparent up to 55 h after administration. In contrast, the Tmax for the GMO formulation was only 5 h. The PHY formulation was retained in the stomach for extended periods of time, with 56% of lipid remaining in the stomach after 24 h, in contrast to less than 1% of the GMO formulation after 8 h, suggesting that gastric retention was a key aspect of the prolonged period of absorption, which correlated with the formulations' relative susceptibility to in-vitro lipolysis and degradation.

Conclusions
PHY provides a dramatic sustained-release effect for cinnarizine on oral administration, which is linked to gastric retention of the formulation and its ability to resist digestive processing. Poorly digested liquid crystal lipid formulations therefore offer a novel class of sustained-release matrices for oral administration.