bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1572 – Medication Adherence And Cognitive Functioning In Depressive Disorders
Authors: Espirito-Santo H. , Oliveira M. 
Published: July 2013

Medication adherence in psychiatric patients is a major medical concern. Medication adherence in mood disorders is often problematic, with serious consequences ranging from chronicity to suicide. We explored the medication adherence in a sample of psychiatric inpatients, aiming to know wether there are differences between two types of depression [major depression disorder (MDD) and major depression with psychotic features (MDP)], and if medication adherence is associated with cognitive functioning.We collected consecutively a sample of 30 women from a psychiatric inpatient unit (mean age = 44.37 ± 8.54, mean education= 12.27 ± 4.57), including 15 with MDD and 15 with MDP. Adherence, visual perceptual ability and memory, general cognitive functioning, phonemic and semantic fluency, executive functioning, verbal functioning, and simulation were assessed by Reported Adherence to Medication Scale, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, Mini-Mental State Examination, phonemic fluency test (letter “R”), semantic fluency test (category “professions”), Trail making test, vocabulary from Wechsler Adult intelligence scale-III and Rey 15-item test, respectively.All depressed patients displayed low scores in cognitive functioning, adhere moderately to medication, and did not simulated. The two groups differed statistically in all the neuropsychological and adherence measures. Medication adherence was strongly linked to all the neuropsychological measures, specially memory (r = 0.82, p < 0.001) and phonemic fluency (r = 0.82, p < 0.001).This study suggest that cognitive functioning may be an important factor in medication adherence in depressive inpatients, with implications for an appropriate assessment of cognitive functioning and cautious psychoeducation of these patients.
1585 – Social Adaptation And Immune Reactivity In Schizophrenia
Authors: Lobacheva O. , Kornetova E. , Vetlugina T. , Semke A. 
Published: July 2013

Study of social-clinical and biological components of adaptation in schizophrenia currently is of relevance.ObjectiveIdentification of interrelationship immune reactivity with social adaptation types of schizophrenic patients.MethodsWe examined 38 schizophrenic patients (F20.00, F20.01, F20.02). The scale SASS (Bosc M. et al., 1997) was used to estimate the social adaptation of schizophrenic patients. The immunological examination included the definition of phenotypes of surface receptors of immunocompetent cells, immunoglobulins, circulating immune complexes and phagocytosis levels. The research was carried out in two points: first - at admission, second - in 6 weeks of treatment.ResultsThree adaptation types have been revealed: normal type of social adaptation (15 patients, 39,47%), difficult social adaptation (18 persons), disadaptation (5 patients). By week 6 of treatment number of patients with normal social adaptation has heightened by 1,4 times (21 patients, 55,26%), improvement of indices of social adaptation was observed in 10 patients, type of social adaptation did not change in 28 patients. At admission T-immunodeficiency (CD2+, CD3+, CD16+-lymphocytes decrease), increase CD8+, HLADR+, CD20+- lymphocytes, IgM and phagocytosis decrease were diagnosed among schizophrenic patients. During therapy, features of psychoneuroimmunomodulation were as follows: the normal type of social adaptation is relatively favorable in the immunological context. Patients with low level of social adaptation were characterized by clinical-immunological resistance toward therapy with deepening of T-cellular immune deficiency. Improvement of indices of social adaptation was accompanied by positive dynamic of immunological parameters.ConclusionThus, social differences between groups have been confirmed by data according to immune reactivity.
1589 – Level Of Mental Health In Women With Inflammatory Gynecological Diseases
Authors: Nasyrova R. , Utochkina O. , Sotnikova L. 
Published: July 2013

Aim of research is study of the levels of mental health in women at reproductive age with acute inflammatory diseases of pelvic organs.100 women at reproductive age (from 18 to 45 years) with acute inflammatory gynecological diseases (N70 - ICD-10) were object of research. Results of the investigation have been processed with standard kit of programs Statistica (version 8.0). Analysis of level of mental health of women with pathology of reproductive system has allowed distinguishing great percent (42%) (p< 0,05) of co-morbid borderline mental pathology. Pre-nosological disorders were diagnosed in 23% of patients. Predominance of women with neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (F4) - in 23% was revealed. The reaction to severe stress and adjustment disorders (F43) was detected in 8% of patients, other neurotic disorders - in 6%, somatoform disorders - in 4%, phobic anxiety disorders - in 3% and dissociative disorders - in 2%. Affective disorders (F3) were found in 9% of patients, behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors (F5) - in 6%, disorders of adult personality and behavior (F6) - in 4%. Anxiety syndrome was diagnosed in 34% of patients, depressive - in 28%, asthenia - in 27%, hypochondriac - in 23%, phobic - in 9%.Thus, high co-morbidity of mental disorders in patients of reproductive age with inflammatory gynecological diseases was revealed. This had a negative impact on course and prognosis of disease, and worsened quality of life and efficacy of therapy in gynecological patients.
1591 – Different Brain Responses With Matched Performances Between Mild Cognitive Impairment And Normal Older Adults During Episodic Retrieval: An Erp Study
Authors: Li J. , Li X. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionMild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage from normal aging to dementia. The objective of this study was to determine whether a source retrieval ERP is an effective neural marker for differentiating MCI from normal older adults while their behavioral performances were matched which may have implications for identifying seniors at risk for cognitive decline.MethodsA source memory task was conducted on 16 aMCI and15 healthy older adults. Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded during retrieval phase. Memory performances were matched between the two groups by manipulating the number of items presented for each study session.ResultsThe behavioral results showed that both source memory and item memory performances were perfectly matched between aMCI group under easy condition and healthy elderly group under hard condition. While under such case, the ERP results showed remarkable differences between the two groups. First, the right-lateralized positive-going old-new effects significantly decreased for aMCI group compared to control group, especially on the parietal sites. Second, the negative leftlateralized old new effect extended to the posterior sites of right hemisphere only in aMCI group but not in control group.ConclusionsThe results showed that source retrieval ERP is an effective neural marker for differentiating MCI from normal older adults even when they have matched task performances. The results also suggested that MCI brain may involve more regions to compensate their reduced efficiency of dedicated circuits so that they could behave like normal older adults.
1600 – Establishment Of a Regional Register For Neurstimulation Treatment In The Western Part Of Norway
Authors: Schoeyen H.K. , Oedegaard K.J. , Kessler U. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment option mainly in severe depression. ECTs longterm effects on cognitive function are currently unknown, limiting its use. Transcranial magnet stimulation (TMS), is considered less effective than ECT in treatment of severe depression, but is without cognitive side effects. TMS is studied to a less degree than ECT.ObjectivesThere is a need of large scale studies of effect, side effects and patients’ subjective experience of ECT and TMS.AimsGenerate data to better predict which patients will benefit from ECT and TMS by establishing a regional register including all patients referred to ECT and TMS as part of an ordinary clinical treatment practice in the western part of Norway.MethodsAll patients referred to ECT and TMS in Bergen and Stavanger will be asked to participate in the study. There are no exclusion criteria. Demographics and course of illness factors will be recorded before start of ECT. Severity of the depressive disorder and treatment effects will be evaluated with a mix of self evaluation and clinician administrated standardized rating instruments. There will be a follow up at 6 months. Date from the described register will be merged with other relevant central Norwegian health registers.ResultsWe expect the described regional register to offer an opportunity to determine predictors for effect, side effects and subjective satisfaction of the treatments.ConclusionThis register is investigator initiated, with the aim to investigate which patient will benefit from ECT and TMS without serious side effects.
1603 – Stress Hormone And Neuropsychological Functioning Predict Attention Bias Towards Threat In Healthy Individuals
Authors: Hakamata Y. , Izawa S. , Sato E. , Komi S. , Murayama N. , Moriguchi Y. , Hanakawa T. , Inoue Y. , Tagaya H. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction/objectivesAttention bias (AB) is a biased information processing towards threat among competing stimuli occurred in early stage of sensory input. Substantial evidence indicates that AB is involved in the development and maintenance of anxiety and depressive disorders. However, little is known about the relationships between AB and individual differences of endocrine and neuropsychological functions.MethodsThirty healthy participants without major physical illness or axis I/II mental disorders as evaluated with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, were enrolled. Participants completed a dot-probe task, the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure, and the Trail Making Test (TMT). Salivary cortisol levels were measured at three time points per day for consecutive 2 days: immediately and 30 min after awaking in the morning and before sleep at night. Correlation analyses were performed between AB and psychological measures, cortisol levels, and attention measures.ResultsAs predicted, AB significantly correlated with BDI-II and Harm avoidance sub-dimension of the TCI. Above all, when those variables that were significantly correlated with AB were included in a step-wise multivariate regression analysis, higher cortisol level at night remained the most influential predictor for AB.ConclusionsOur results suggest that AB is significantly influenced not only by anxious personality traits and depressive symptoms but also by individual differences of attention function and stress hormonal levels. Particularly, AB modification approach might have a beneficial effect on anxiety in individuals who have high cortisol levels.
1604 – ECT Subjective Memory Questionnaire Audit: The Effect Of Ect On Memory And Other Cognitive Functions
Authors: Al-Taiar H. 
Published: July 2013

AimThis audit is of particular interest to the Royal College of Psychiatrists ECT accreditations service and our local ECT department at the Warneford hospital.BackgroundECT has the drawback of affecting memory to different extents. This audit looks at the effect of ECT on the cognitive function of the recipients.MethodologyA random sample of patients (who had received ECT in the last 2 years) was selected.StandardsWe looked at the following domains:1.Were the 3 forms returned to the ECT department.2.Was there any short or long term memory impairment.3.Problems with reading, speaking and concentration.4.Impairment of learned skills.ResultsThe majority of the respondents didn’t have major memory problems in remembering planned events, visits and appointments or in finding the right words when spoken.They didn’t believe that ECT worsened their long term memory.The majority advised that their overall memory is good.ConclusionsThe overall memory was retained in most respondents and it seems that ECT didn’t have a major impact on the long term memory, reading, speaking and learned skills.Further research into more detailed cognitive functions and their changes after ECT will be conducted at a later stage next year.
1605 – Health Care Utilization Of Patients With Non-affective Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Swildens W. , Termorshuizen F. , Smeets H.M. , Engelhard I.M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionResearch indicates a higher risk of somatic problems and cardiovascular and respiratory mortality among patients with non-affective psychotic disorders (NAPD). Data on health care (HC) utilization of this group have revealed ambivalent results pointing at a higher appeal to somatic HC and possible under-consumption.ObjectiveThis study focuses on somatic HC utilization in the Netherlands among patients with NAPD, unipolar depression, anxiety or bipolar disorder, compared to matched controls without psychiatric diagnosis.AimsTo study possible under-consumption associated with NAPD and its correlates.MethodsThe HC utilization of 2,392 cases with NAPD registered in the Psychiatric Case Register Middle Netherlands (PCRMN) and above mentioned comparison groups was analyzed by using linked data on prescribed medication, general practitioner (GP) consults and treatment by specialists from insurance company Agis.ResultsThe costs for somatic HC among NAPD patients was on average €1621 per year, marginally higher compared to matched controls (€1441, p=0.079). Among patients with depression and anxiety, much greater differences with their matched controls were found (p< 0.05). The percentage of NAPD patients who received somatic treatment by a specialist was lower than that of controls (OR=0.89, P< 0.05), especially at higher age (>60) and longer duration since diagnosis (>5 years) (OR=0.60, P< 0.05). In particular, treatment by a specialist was lower for cardiovascular disorders (OR=0.61) and diabetes (OR=0.37, P< 0.05).ConclusionIn view of the higher somatic death risk, our data suggest HC under-consumption, which is increasing with a longer illness duration and older age.
1606 – Temperament In Individuals With Psychotic Disorders Before And After The Onset Of Illness
Authors: Miettunen J. , Juola P. , Roivainen E. , Veijola J. , Alaräisänen A. , Isohanni M. , Jääskeläinen E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is used to measure novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence RD), and persistence (P).ObjectivesWe will study temperament in individuals with psychosis and healthy controls.AimWe aim to study the stability of temperament in individuals with psychotic disorders (with onset of illness before and after first follow-up) and in healthy controls.MethodsAs part of the 31-year follow-up survey of the prospective population based Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, the TCI was filled by a large sample of individuals. A subsample of psychotic individuals, with the onset of illness before (n=16) or after (n=15) the 31-year follow-up, and healthy controls (n=117) filled in these scales again at the age of 43. We studied also the association between psychotic symptoms and premorbid temperament.ResultsThe 31-year and 43-year temperament scores correlated strongly among controls (Pearson's r: NS 0.68, HA 0.60, RD 0.56, P 0.54), whereas correlations among psychotic individuals with the onset of psychosis before first follow-up were weaker (NS 0.38, HA 0.50, RD 0.17, P 0.53). High HA before the onset of illness (at age of 31 years) associated significantly with a lower likelihood of remission and with more negative, disorganization and total symptoms in the PANSS. High NS before illness associated with a higher likelihood of remission according to the PANSS.ConclusionsTemperament was stable among controls, and more unstable in individuals with psychoses. Premorbid harm avoidance and novelty seeking predicts the clinical outcome in schizophrenia.
1608 – Free, Anonymous e-counseling Service: Means For People To Overcome Fear Of The First Appeal For Help From Mental Health Specialist, To Encourage Prevention
Authors: Marceniene S. , Dapsiene V. , Maciulis V. , Utkuviene J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionIn Lithuania psychiatrist's service are easily accessible due to a wide network of Mental Health Centers; however, specialists recognize the existence of information gap, myths and attitudes that discourage well-timed appeal.Method, resultsThe project has guaranteed access for anybody to anonymous, free consultation on any problem from a psychologist, the possibility being introduced on the website of Republican Vilnius Psychiatric Hospital. The ways of communication are via e-mail or online/Skype (specialists are available at given hours). During two years approximately 1000 people has appealed concerning a variety of problems (from problems in interpersonal relations to complicated situations that urgently required interventions from mental health specialist). During our work we have discovered that about 25% required direct help from a psychiatrist, we were trying to keep emphatic contact and rapport with them, to give well-timed emotional support, to encourage and motivate to see a specialist eye-to-eye, to help to overcome fear of the first appeal, to dispel myths and attitudes towards psychiatrists, which are still present in our society. About 10% were appealing due to dangerous, troublesome behavior of their closest relatives, friends. They were also extensively informed about possibilities and ways of getting help.ConclusionThe Internet, simple to use, easy accessible for anonymous services that require low material resources, opens up new possibilities to inform/educate people, to help them overcoming fear of the first help appeal from a specialist, to encourage and motivate search for direct help, to provide with adequate, extensive and well-timed information.
1620 – Blood Lipid Spectrum Changes In First-episode Schizophrenia Patients Treated With Risperidone And Haloperidol
Authors: Ozornin A. , Govorin N. 
Published: July 2013

The aimComparative study of the blood lipid spectrum changes in first-episode schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone and haloperidol.Materials and methods68 patients with first-episode schizophrenia (average age 24,9 years) and 20 age-matched normal controls were investigated. All patients had PANSS total score not less than 80 points. The patients were divided in two groups of 34 persons in each group: treated with haloperidol and risperidone. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels were determined in serum before treatment and after 8 weeks of therapy.ResultsBefore the treatment TC, LDL, non-HDL, apoB, Lp(a) levels were authentically higher, but HDL level was lower. After treatment with risperidone and haloperidol HDL and apoA1 levels were increased. In patient group treated with risperidone TC, LDL, non-HDL, apoB, Lp(a) levels did not authentically change after 8 weeks. After treatment with haloperidol TC, LDL, non- HDL, apoB, Lp(a) levels were decreased.ConclusionsChanges of blood lipid spectrum in first-episode schizophrenia patients were discovered. It was established changes of lipid spectrum in patients treated with risperidone and haloperidol. Haloperidol was noticed to positively influence on blood lipid spectrum in first-episode schizophrenia patients.
1623 – Brain Abnormalities Associated With Stimulant Dependence - Does Gender Matter?
Authors: Cuzen N.L. , Jones P.S. , Williams G.B. , Ersche K.D. ,   KD Ersche's Addiction Research Group
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAccording to the United Nations, women are less likely to use illicit drugs compared with men. This gender gap is poorly understood, possibly because female drug users are underrepresented in research studies and treatment.ObjectivesWe test the hypothesis of gender differences in neural mechanisms mediating addiction.AimsWe aimed to explore gender differences in terms of trait-impulsivity, cognitive function, and brain structure in stimulantdependent individuals.MethodsWe re-analysed exiting neuroimaging and behavioural data on stimulant-dependent individuals (n=37; 17 females) and healthy controls (n =40; 20 females), all matched for demographic variables. Male and female substance users were additionally matched for the type, duration and severity of stimulant use. Behavioural measures included substance use variables, impulsivity and depression scores, and measures of visual sustained attention. ANOVAs using planned contrasts, ttests and Chi-square tests were employed to examine group and gender differences.ResultsConsistent with previous studies, stimulant-dependent individuals showed significant, widespread reduction in grey matter volume. Gender differences were observed within both stimulant-dependent individuals and healthy controls in the left parahippocampal gyrus: males showed grey matter reduction in this region relative to females. Stimulant-dependent individuals exhibited higher levels of impulsivity compared with healthy controls, but no gender differences were observed here. Aside from response time on the sustained attention task, there were no further group differences in any of the behavioural measures.ConclusionsWe found evidence for gender differences in brain structure between stimulant-dependent individuals and healthy controls, which can be statistically controlled for by matching for gender.
1639 – Social Intolerance And Risk-taking Behaviors In European Adolescents
Authors: Nemes B. , Cozman D. , Wasserman D. , Carli V. , Sarchiapone M. , Wasserman C. , Hoven C. ,   The SEYLE and WESTAY Study Groups
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSocial intolerance is one major topic in every modern society, but although it receives much attention in the public space, there is relatively little information related to the behavioral correlates of such attitudes.AimTo investigate the relation between social intolerance and risk-taking behaviors in European adolescents.MethodsAdolescents from the SEYLE and WE-STAY cohorts were included. The questions evaluating social intolerance, sensation-seeking and delinquent behavior, alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs use were extracted from the baseline questionnaire.ResultsAdolescents positive for at-risk tobacco, alcohol and illegal drugs use showed significantly lower levels of social intolerance. This observation might be explained by the social factors associated with substance use at this age group. No relationship was observed with sensation-seeking and delinquent behavior.ConclusionsSocial intolerance is not associated with risk-taking behaviors in adolescents.