bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between virus infection and periodontitis: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009−2014
Authors: Fang Tongfeng , Liu Liu , Mao Suning , Jiang Zhishen , Cao Yubin , Pan Jian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeriodontitis is a cumulative inflammatory disease associated with multiple health conditions and various systemic diseases. As a common disease, virus infection along with its consequences has become a serious health burden. The study aims to evaluate the relationship between common viruses including hepatitis virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), human papillomavirus (HPV), and periodontitis. The data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009−2014 was adopted and screened through, including 10 714 participants. Generalized linear regression was conducted to verify the relationships between the virus infections and periodontitis. Moreover, we also performed analyses in age and gender subgroups. The results suggested that the infection of HCV, HSV‐1, and HSV‐2 was significantly associated with the prevalence of periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26−1.70; OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05−1.13; OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 ‐ 1.11, respectively) and risk of developing moderate or severe periodontitis (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.29−1.77; OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04−1.12; OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01−1.10, respectively) after adjusting all relevant co‐factors. Subgroup analyses revealed a steady association between periodontitis and hepatitis C virus (HCV) or HSV‐1 infection, while the relationship between HSV‐2 and HPV infection can also be found in some subgroups. The presence of HCV and HSV infection was found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of periodontitis, including moderate or severe cases. Moreover, the association of periodontitis and HPV infection can also be observed in people < 35 years.
Sirolimus to treat chronic and steroid‐resistant allograft rejection‐related fibrosis in pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Quintero Bernabeu Jesús , Juamperez Goñi Javier , Mercadal Hally Maria , Padrós Fornieles Cristina , Ortega López Juan , Larrarte King Mauricio , Molino Gahete José A. , Salcedo Allende María T. , Hidalgo Llompart Ernest , Bilbao Aguirre Itxarone , Charco Torra Ramon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to report our experience with the use of Sirolimus (SRL) in pediatric liver transplant patients with chronic rejection or steroid‐resistant rejection with hepatic fibrosis, focusing on their histological evolution. All pediatric liver transplant recipients who received off‐label treatment with SRL for chronic ductopenic rejection or cortico‐resistant rejection between July 2003 and July 2022 were included in the study. All nine patients included in the study showed improvement in liver enzymes and cholestasis parameters as soon as 1‐month after post‐SRL introduction. A decrease in fibrosis stage was observed in 7/9 (77.7%) patients at 36 months. All but one patient experienced an improvement in the Rejection Activity Index and ductopenia at 12 months. A single patient had to discontinue SRL treatment owing to nephrotic proteinuria. In conclusion, SRL may be a safe and effective treatment for chronic and steroid‐resistant rejection and may improve allograft rejection‐related fibrosis and ductal damage.
Wernicke encephalopathy in a pediatric patient with cannabinoid hyperemesis: A novel case report
Authors: Munroe Melissa , Shah Zalan , Setya Aniruddh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis case report details a novel case of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) in a 16‐year‐old boy with obesity and chronic cannabis use. Despite the absence of alcohol use disorder, this adolescent developed classic symptoms of WE, challenging the conventional diagnostic framework. Clinical suspicion for WE was supported by typical magnetic resonance imaging findings, low thiamine levels and rapid clinical improvement postintravenous thiamine supplementation. This case underscores the need for heightened clinical vigilance for WE in patients who present with neurologic symptoms who endorse history of persistent emesis, regardless of their history of alcohol use. It also supports the preemptive administration of thiamine in those at risk of deficiency.
Diatomite evidence for a small palaeo mountain lake at 3400 m asl, Lesotho, southern Africa
Authors: Fitchett Jennifer M. , Mackay Anson W. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe Eastern Lesotho Highlands experience an excess of rainfall sufficient to form the country's primary export, supplying the economic hub of southern Africa, Gauteng South Africa. However, there is currently only one natural lake in the country, Letšeng‐la Letsie, and evidence of palaeolakes in the region is therefore of particular interest. This study presents the analysis of a diatomite outcrop from a depression northwest of Mafadi Summit, at 3400 m asl. The presence of diatomite, dominated by the facultative planktonic species Staurosirella pinnata and Staurosira construens and abundant planktonic Aulacoseira ambigua, is indicative of the continuous presence of a shallow lake between ~4600 and 100 cal a
bp. Comparative analysis of rainfall for the Mafadi and Letšeng‐la Letsie regions from CHIRPS gridded rainfall data demonstrates sufficient rainfall for a lake of comparable size, if not larger, as Mafadi receives considerably more rainfall than Letšeng‐la Letsie. Analysis of the SRTM 30‐m Digital Elevation Model and Topographic Position Index calculations demonstrate the feasibility of a shallow surface water feature at Mafadi. The conversion of this palaeolake into the contemporary wetland is hypothesized to be the result of post‐industrial warming, possibly augmented by migration of livestock into the Eastern Lesotho Highlands.
Medical traumatic stress: Integrating evidence‐based clinical applications from health and trauma psychology
Authors: McBain Sacha , Cordova Matthew J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMedical events in both childhood and adulthood, including components of the illness or injury and subsequent medical intervention, recovery, and disability, are increasingly being recognized as potentially traumatic. There has been an increased focus on scholarly work related to medical trauma and medically induced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Existing evidence suggests that trauma‐focused treatment can promote both physical and psychological recovery. However, there continues to be a dearth of clinical guidance on how to (a) best identify and treat prior trauma exposure that complicates adjustment to illness and increases the risk for medically induced PTSD and (b) address medically induced PTSD while concurrently targeting health‐related concerns (e.g., pain, adjustment to illness, acquired disability) that may negatively impact recovery. Originally presented as a premeeting institute at the 2023 Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, this paper describes the biopsychosocial impacts of medical trauma on adults and considerations for assessment and intervention in both traditional trauma and integrated care settings. This includes clinical applications, including assessment, case conceptualization, and health and rehabilitation interventions, that can promote health‐related adjustment and coping within the context of trauma‐focused treatment.
Bi3+/Eu3+ Co‐Activated Multimode Anti‐Counterfeiting Material with White Light Emission and Orange‐Yellow Persistent Luminescence
Authors: Chen Xuexia , Pang Ran , Wang Shangwei , Tan Tao , Su Jiangyue , Yuan Weihong , Zhang Su , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTraditional anti‐counterfeiting luminescent phosphors are usually composed of single‐mode photoluminescence materials, which greatly limits the security of encryption by its static fluorescent pattern. Herein, multi‐mode luminescence properties are achieved including fluorescence and persistent luminescence (PersL) within single host by co‐doping Bi3+ and Eu3+ in CaNaSb2O6F (CNSOF). A tunable emission is observed from blue (Bi3+, 3P1→1S0) to white and then to orange‐yellow (Eu3+, 5D1→7F2 and 5D0→7F0, 1, 2, 3, 4) as the excitation schemes, environment temperatures and doping level are modulated. Impressively, the blue emission attributed to the Bi3+ rapidly disappears after stopping the excitation light irradiation, and only the intense orange‐yellow PersL produced by Eu3+ can be observed. And a possible model for the energy transfer and PersL mechanism is proposed by the investigation crystal structure and photoluminescence/PersL. A schematic of security logo and digital information encryption is demonstrated using the prepared samples, which shows the dynamic evolution of the emission color and PersL brightness. The excellent property of multiple color outputs, different decay processes, and external field stimulation modes (including low energy light, thermal, and mechanical stimuli) present in CNSOF:Bi3+, Eu3+ provides a fast, low‐cost, and effective method for advanced anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption applications.
Tailoring Silk Sericin Grafting: Comparing One‐Step and Two‐Step Approaches for PNIPAM/PAMPS Block Nanoparticles
Authors: Radu Ionut‐Cristian , Cozorici Derniza‐Elena , Blanzeanu Erika , Vadureanu Andreea , Stavarache Cristina , Tanasa Eugenia , Iovu Horia , Zaharia Catalin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStructurally defined, protein‐grafted nanoparticles are widely used in various biomedical applications, particularly as intelligent nanocarriers for drug delivery. The integration of synthetic polymers with natural proteins such as silk sericin enhances the functionality and stability of these nanocarriers, making them suitable for targeted and controlled drug release. In this context, an optimized grafting procedure for silk sericin is presented, employing a protein macroinitiator and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). This study aims to elucidate the significance of the grafting process in tailoring the structure of sericin through the chemistry of synthetic grafts. The grafting procedure uses block copolymers of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), such as Poly‐(AMPS‐block‐NIPAM)/Poly‐(NIPAM‐block‐AMPS). The procedure employs both one‐step and two‐step synthesis methods to produce a well‐defined, biofunctionalized sericin. Subsequently, sericin‐based nanoparticles are prepared, demonstrating the significance of the optimized procedure. The synthesized products undergo structural analysis using H‐NMR, FTIR‐ATR, XPS, DLS, and zeta potential measurements. In addition, their thermal behavior is assessed using differential scanning calorimetry. To further investigate the prepared nanoparticles, SEM and DLS analyses are conducted. Through synthesis optimization, position and length of each synthetic block is precisely determined, significantly influencing properties of the grafted products and characteristics of the resulting nanoparticles.
The simultaneous impact of interventions on optimism and depression: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Schutte Nicola S. , Malouff John M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe positive psychology approach to mental‐health‐related interventions suggests that a dual focus on positive and problematic characteristics is beneficial and that positive and negative characteristics interact. The present study explored the link between optimism and depression outcomes in intervention studies that assessed both optimism and depression outcomes. A meta‐analysis examined effect sizes for depression and optimism and links between depression and optimism outcomes. Eighteen studies with a total of 2153 participants were included. Across studies the weighted effect sizes for the impact of interventions on both depression (g = 0.46) and optimism (g = 0.38) were significant. Optimism and depression outcomes were associated with one another (r(17) = 0.58). Meta‐regression analyses also indicated linkages between the two outcomes in that the optimism effect sizes moderated depression effect sizes and depression effect sizes moderated optimism effect sizes. The results of the study lend support to a dual focus on positive and problematic characteristics.
Determination of voiding pressure in infants with normal lower urinary tracts: Exploring the possible effect of sacral development
Authors: Zahir Mazyar , Ladi‐Seyedian Seyedeh‐Sanam , Majidi Zolbin Masoumeh , Sharifi‐Rad Lida , Hekmati Pooya , Kajbafzadeh Abdol‐Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between sacral underdevelopment, as defined by subnormal sacral ratio (SR) measurements, with increased maximum detrusor voiding pressure (P det. Max) in infants.MethodsIn this 2007–2015 retrospective cohort study, the medical records of all infants who underwent a pyeloplasty due to congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction were added. Their P det. Max was evaluated through the suprapubic catheter utilized for urinary drainage intraoperatively, without imposing any additional risk of urethral catheterization on the infant. SR was calculated via the plain kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) radiography film obtained during the voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) evaluation before the surgery. Participants were categorized into SR < 0.74 or SR ≥ 0.74. P det. Max was subsequently compared between these two groups.ResultsA total of 45 patients were included in our analysis. Twenty‐eight (62.2%) patients had a (SR < 0.74), while 17 (37.8%) had a (SR ≥ 0.74). P det. Max was shown to be significantly higher in the SR < 0.74 compared to the SR ≥ 0.74 group (167.5 ± 60.8 vs. 55.7 ± 17.9 cmH2O, p < 0.001). After adjusting for age and sex, SR remained a significant contributor to P det. Max (p < 0.001). Physiologic detrusor sphincter dyscoordination (PDSD) rate was significantly higher in the SR < 0.74 versus SR ≥ 0.74 group (100.0% vs. 70.6%, respectively; p = 0.005).ConclusionLumbosacral underdevelopment, as indicated by subnormal sacral ratios, is associated with sphincter‐detrusor dyscoordination, which causes PDSD and can ultimately result in higher P det. Max in infants.
Work loss among privately insured employees with overweight and obesity in the United States
Authors: Shinde Shraddha , Tran Anh Thu , Jerry Michelle , Lee Clare J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundRising obesity rates in the workforce are accompanied by a hidden cost burden to employers due to work productivity loss. Understanding the impact of obesity on work productivity is essential for employers to provide tailored weight loss interventions in the workplace.ObjectivesTo measure work loss and associated productivity costs among employees with overweight/obesity compared with employees with normal weight.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used the MerativeTM MarketScan® Health and Productivity Management Database to identify adult employees with ≥1 diagnosis code reporting a body mass index (BMI) between 1/1/2015‐12/31/2019. Based on the earliest BMI, employees were assigned to normal weight (BMI 19–24.9), overweight (BMI 25–29.9), obesity class 1 (BMI 30–34.9), obesity class 2 (BMI 35–39.9), and obesity class 3 (BMI ≥40) cohorts. Among employees with data for each work loss category (absenteeism, short‐term disability [STD], long‐term disability [LTD], worker's compensation [WC]) during the 12‐month follow‐up, the percentage of employees with work loss, number of hours/days lost, and associated productivity costs were reported.Results719,482 employees (normal weight: 106,631, overweight: 230,637, obesity class 1: 185,850, obesity class 2: 101,909, obesity class 3: 94,455) were included. Outcomes increased with each higher BMI category for the mean number of absence hours ([in order of BMI category]: 262, 273, 285, 290, 304) and percentage of employees with a claim (STD: 6.8%, 7.6%, 9.7%, 11.7%, 17.0%; LTD: 0.4%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.8%; WC: 2.7%, 2.8%, 3.4%, 3.6%, 3.5%). Estimated costs to the employer associated with absenteeism, STD, LTD, and WC were $1,036, $611, $38, and $95 higher per year (respectively) in the obesity class 3 cohort relative to the normal weight cohort.ConclusionsThis real‐world analysis demonstrated that employees with overweight/obesity had higher loss of work productivity compared with employees with normal weight. Further studies are warranted to determine the long‐term impacts on work productivity loss if overweight and obesity are left untreated.
Communities in ecosystem restoration: The role of inclusive values and local elites' narrative innovations
Authors: Dai Huxuan , Zhu Ziyun , Trachung Balzang , Golog Drugkyab , Riley Mark , Lü Zhi , Li Li 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Ecosystem restoration practices are gaining prominence in coping with the crisis of ecosystem degradation. To improve the long‐term effectiveness of restoration activities, community engagement in restoration projects needs to be strengthened. In communities where traditional and local values drive adaptation to environmental changes, a community‐engaged restoration approach requires the integration of restoration techniques and local value systems.

In two pastoral communities on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, we used the Q method to explore pastoralists' attitudes towards grassland degradation and restoration and to understand different levels of community engagement in grassland restoration activities. Through this study, we aim to promote an understanding of the value‐based approach of local communities to enable better community engagement for the long‐term effectiveness of ecosystem restoration projects and contribute to the achievement and synergy of global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The study revealed eight types of pastoralists with different attitudes in two communities, with the type of Active Agents leverages transformative restoration action through creating value‐inclusive narratives of grassland restoration in the community with a higher level of engagement in restoration practices. Alongside this, we explored the pastoralists' perspectives of biodiversity in restoration and the importance of local elites in facilitating multiple‐actor cooperation in restoration projects.

We recommend that decision‐makers recognize the significance of local worldviews and values in facilitating environmental adaptations, as well as the irreplaceable role played by local people in developing value‐inclusive narratives that align with the local cultural context. Open dialogues and sufficient communication between multiple stakeholders are needed to build mutual trust and accumulate social capital for driving transformative actions in traditional communities. Such approaches are essential to foster community engagement and gain better momentum in ecosystem management initiatives.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motors: Impact of metal–organic frameworks on thermal and mechanical properties
Authors: Elashker Ahmed Elsayed Mohamed Monir , Zorainy Mahmoud Yosry , Zaghloul Basem , Eldakhakhny Ahmed Mahmoud , Kotb Mohamed Mokhtar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe thermal protection system (TPS) plays a major role in shielding solid rocket motors (SRMs) against structural failure from excessive heating. This study was directed at the recent innovation in flame‐retardant materials used for thermal insulation, with a particular focus on integrating metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to bolster thermal stability. Three targeted transition metal‐BDC MOFs (MIL‐88(Fe), MOF‐71(Co), and MOF‐5(Zn)) were hydrothermally synthesized and the effect of incorporating these MOFs into nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites was tracked. In general, the addition of the MOFs improved the interfacial compatibility and the processing of the composites. Additionally, experimental investigations have shown that all MOFs improved the mechanical properties of the NBR composite materials. Specifically, the addition of MOF‐5 has been found to increase the maximum tensile strength to 13 MPa, while MIL‐88 increased the elongation at break to 67.1%. In order to evaluate the thermal stability and ablative resistance of the prepared composites, the oxy‐acetylene flame test was utilized. Results showed that the efficiency of the composite as thermal insulation is highly dependent on the MOF type and the metal included. The impact of MOF‐71(Co) on thermal insulation displayed the least linear and mass ablation rates (0.0168 mm/s and 0.057 g/s, respectively) along with the lowest recorded back‐face temperatures, owing to the formation of a thick and compact char layer upon exposure to flames.
Hierarchical enhancement of carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminate with randomly hybridized carbon nanotubes and aramid‐pulp micro/nano‐fibers
Authors: Wang Hangyan , Lin Yang , Zhou Shuiting , Ouyang Liange 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, inspired by human teeth, random hybrid carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and aramid‐pulp micro/nano‐fibers (AP) with different mixing ratios were experimentally interleaved into carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) panels to form a gradient interface for hierarchical enhancement and synthetic effects. Due to different out‐of‐plane movability or penetrability of the CNTs, AP, and resin, 3rd and 4th order bio‐inspired gradient interfaces between the carbon‐fiber plies were formed in situ. According to flexural testing, hybrid CNT/AP‐interleaved CFRP with a CNT of 3.6 gsm and an AP of 2.4 gsm showed an improvement of 47.35% in flexural strength. Furthermore, the synthetic effects of hybrid CNT/AP‐interleaving were investigated by analyzing the mer3its and demerits of the CNT‐ or AP‐interleaving methods. It was identified that the hybridization of multiple length‐scale fibers as interleaves can be used to produce more hierarchical enhancements and synthetic effects. The new insights into multi‐scale strengthening mechanisms were systematically revealed from the models of hierarchical fiber‐bridging. And the graded penetration mechanisms of multi‐scale fiber‐reinforced CFRP laminates were analyzed.Highlights
The in situ gradient interfaces form by Z‐direction penetration of CNT/AP.
CNT/AP‐interleaving can form hierarchical enhancements and synthetic effects.
Multi‐scale strengthening via fiber‐bridging and graded penetrations achieved.
More fiber‐bridging occur at sub‐surface regions of the carbon‐fiber plies.