bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-port laparoscopic surgery for cecum cancer with intussusception: a case report
Authors: Oshima Yuhei , Ishiyama Yasuhiro , Tanaka Hiroto , Fujii Tadatsugu , Okazaki Naoto , Ishii Toshimasa , Deguchi Katuya , Hirano Yasumitsu , Koyama Isamu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Most adult cases of intussusception are caused by colorectal cancer, and emergency surgery is performed when symptoms such as abdominal pain and vomiting are present. The patient must customarily undergo both bowel decompression and radical surgery for colorectal cancer at the same time, and laparotomy is generally the procedure of choice.

Case presentation
An 86-year-old woman presented to our hospital with diarrhea and bloody stools. Preoperative examination revealed the presence of a cancerous tumor in the advanced part of the transverse colon and bowel intussusception. Radical surgery was successfully performed using the laparoscopic single-port technique through a small incision at the umbilical site to treat intussusception caused by cecum cancer.

Conclusions
With only one wound site at the umbilicus, this single-port laparoscopic approach is much less invasive than endoscopic surgery that requires four to five incision wounds to perform the procedure. Furthermore, the patient was discharged without major complications and this surgical technique could be of great benefit if established as a standard procedure in the future.
Development and evaluation of an index assessing adherence to the Norwegian food-based dietary guidelines: the Norwegian Dietary Guideline Index (NDGI)
Authors: Totland T. H. , Øvrebø B. , Brantsæter A. L. , Holvik K. , Bere E. T. , Torheim L. E. , Abel M.H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Monitoring adherence to the Norwegian food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) could provide valuable insight into current and future diet-related health risks. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an index measuring adherence to the Norwegian FBDGs to be used as a compact tool in nutrition surveillance suitable for inclusion in large public health surveys.

Methods
The Norwegian Dietary Guideline Index (NDGI) was designed to reflect adherence to the Norwegian FBDGs on a scale from 0–100, with a higher score indicating better adherence. Dietary intakes were assessed through 19 questions, reflecting 15 dietary components covered by the Norwegian FBDGs. The NDGI was applied and evaluated using nationally representative dietary data from the cross-sectional web-based Norwegian Public Health Survey which included 8,558 adults.​

Results
The population-weighted NDGI score followed a nearly normal distribution with a mean of 65 (SD 11) and range 21–99. Mean scores varied with background factors known to be associated with adherence to a healthy diet; women scored higher than men (67 vs. 64) and the score increased with age, with higher educational attainment (high 69 vs. low 64) and with better self-perceived household economy (good 67 vs. restricted 62). The NDGI captured a variety of dietary patterns that contributed to a healthy diet consistent with the FBDGs.

Conclusion
The NDGI serve as a compact tool to assess and monitor adherence to the Norwegian FBDGs, to identify target groups for interventions, and to inform priorities in public health policies.​ The tool is flexible to adjustments and may be adaptable to use in other countries or settings with similar dietary guidelines.
Access to finance and intra-Africa trade efficiency
Authors: Mazorodze Brian Tavonga 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of access to finance on intra-Africa trade efficiency using a panel dataset comprising 44 African exporters. Between 2008 and 2021, a stochastic frontier version of the gravity model finds intra-Africa trade to have been lower than its full potential by $1.1 billion on average. Exporters with better access to finance such as South Africa, Morrocco and Mauritius operated closer to their full potential. The effect of access to finance on intra-Africa trade is found to have been stronger between distant trading partners. This suggests that access to finance largely promotes intra-Africa trade through financing transportation and logistics. In view of these results, the analysis recommends policy efforts to improve access to finance in order to maximize trade between African countries.
The red hat — designating leadership using visual and verbal cues: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Krase Kelli , Broski Julie A. , Tarver Stephen , Harrington Shariska P. , Wolverton Amy , Winchester Mae , Berbel German , Zakarian Melody K. , Zabel Taylor , Warren Hannah , Lineberry Matthew C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
During a critical event in the labor and delivery operating room, it is crucial for team members responding to the situation to be aware of the designated leaders. Visual and verbal cues have been utilized to designate leadership in various healthcare settings; however, previous research has indicated mixed results using visual cues for role designation.

Methods
The purpose of this study was to explore the use of the red surgical hat as a visual cue of leadership during obstetric emergency simulation training. We used a mixed-methods design to analyze simulation-based education video and debriefing transcripts.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of participants who declared leadership vs. those who donned the red hat. Participants were more likely to visually declare leadership utilizing a red surgical bouffant hat than to verbally declare leadership. Most participants indicated that observing the red hat to detect leadership in the operating room was more effective than when leaders used a verbal declaration to inform others who was leading.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that utilizing a visual cue of leadership with the red surgical bouffant hat improves participant perceptions of communication of the surgical team during an obstetrical critical event in a simulation environment.
Fetal femur length and risk of diabetes in adolescence: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sayeed Urme Binte , Akhtar Evana , Roy Anjan Kumar , Akter Sharmin , von Ehrenstein Ondine S. , Raqib Rubhana , Wagatsuma Yukiko 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetes is more apparent in adulthood but may be dormant in childhood and originates during early fetal development. In fetal biometry, femur length (FL) is crucial for assessing fetal growth and development. This study aimed to assess potential associations between fetal femur growth and prediabetic biomarkers in Bangladeshi children.

Methods
A cohort study embedded in a population-based maternal food and micronutrient supplementation (MINIMat) trial was conducted in Matlab, Bangladesh. The children in the cohort were followed up until 15 years of age. In the original trial, pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasound before 13 gestational weeks (GWs). Afterward, ultrasound assessments were performed at 14, 19, and 30 GWs. FL was measured from one end to the other, capturing a complete femoral image. The FL was standardized by GW, and a z-score was calculated. FBG and HbA1c levels were determined in plasma and whole blood, and the triglyceride–glucose index, a biomarker of insulin resistance, was calculated as Ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dl) × fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Multivariable linear regression analysis using a generalized linear model was performed to estimate the effects of FL at 14, 19 and 30 GWs on prediabetic biomarkers at 9 and 15 years of age. Maternal micronutrient and food supplementation group, parity, child sex, and BMI at 9 years or 15 years were included as covariates.

Results
A total of 1.2% (6/515) of the participants had impaired fasting glucose during preadolescence, which increased to 3.5% (15/433) during adolescence. At 9 years, 6.3% (32/508) of the participants had elevated HbA1c%, which increased to 28% (120/431) at 15 years. Additionally, the TyG index increased from 9.5% (49/515) (during preadolescence) to 13% (56/433) (during adolescence). A one standard deviation decrease in FL at 14 and 19 GWs was associated with increased FBG (β = − 0.44 [− 0.88, − 0.004], P = 0.048; β = − 0.59 [− 1.12, − 0.05], P = 0.031) and HbA1c (β = − 0.01; [− 0.03, -0.005], P = 0.007; β = − 0.01 [− 0.03, − 0.003], P = 0.018) levels at 15 years. FL was not associated with diabetic biomarkers at 9 years.

Conclusion
Mid-trimester impaired femur growth may be associated with elevated prediabetic biomarkers in Bangladeshi adolescents.
Confirmed presence of the enigmatic ant Aphaenogaster gemella (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Iberia
Authors: Arcos Javier , Alarcón Paco 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
While the Iberian Peninsula has been relatively well-studied from a myrmecological standpoint, the true presence of certain ant species has remained obscure for decades. In this context, the case of A. gemella (Roger, 1862) stands out as one of the most intriguing examples. Initially described from the Balearic Islands, this conspicuous species seemingly vanished from the archipelago by the 1980s, confining its current distribution to the Maghreb region. However, lingering doubt has persisted regarding its potential presence in Iberia, based on some old bibliographic records from Spain and Portugal.

Results
This study confirms the first known established population of A. gemella in the Iberian Peninsula (Tarifa, Southern Iberia). Two colonies were detected in an urban grass patch within the city center. The validity of other Iberian records regarding the species and its status as an exotic species are also discussed.

Conclusions
The presence of A. gemella in Southern Iberia highlights the need for targeted sampling efforts to delineate its actual range and distinguish it from morphologically similar species in the region.
Value of digital breast tomosynthesis in characterization of breast lesions in dense breast
Authors: Romeih Marwa , Raafat Tarek Ahmed , Ahmed Gehad , Shalaby Shymaa Abd El-Mawla , Ahmed Wafaa Ali Heidar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with dense breasts have a higher risk factor for developing breast cancer. Digital mammography (DM) exhibits a reduced sensitivity in dense breast tissue as a result of overlapping fibro-glandular tissue. Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) solves this problem, so allows better characterization of masses, asymmetries, and parenchymal distortion. It is useful in screening studies for early detection of breast lesions by accurate detection and description of their margins, shape, and extent as well as surrounding structures.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the added value of DBT in characterizing of different breast lesions in dense breasts compared to DM.

Methods
A Prospective Cohort study involved ninety female cases having dense breast parenchyma (ACR C & ACR D) having breast complaint lesions detected by DM or ultrasound or recalled from screening units, during the period from June 2021 to Jan 2023.
All patient underwent DM and DBT with correlation with the pathological finding or follow up.

Results
As regards the characterization of breast mass DBT had higher sensitivity, higher specificity (98%, 87% respectively). However, DM showed less sensitivity, less specificity (58%, 80%,) with (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0005 respectively).

Conclusions
DBT effectively visualizes overlapping tissue in dense breasts. DBT is important due to its ability to detect breast cancer earlier, characterize lesions accurately, and inspect the margins of masses precisely, along with decreasing recall rates for false-positive results.
Phase 1/2 trial of the HPK1 inhibitor NDI-101150 as monotherapy and in combination with pembrolizumab: Clinical update.
Authors: Noel Marcus Smith , Demel Kurt C. , Srivastava Bhaskar , Daigle Scott R. , Boiko Scott , Hoerres Amanda , Basile Frank G. , Zhang Xinyan , Fraser Patricia , Dasen Sue , Chabas Daria , Gangolli Esha A. , Balaraman Rama , Sharma Sunil , Gutierrez Martin , Sommerhalder David 
Published: July 2024

3083 Background: NDI-101150 is a potent, selective, oral inhibitor of hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), with a different immunotherapy mechanism to other checkpoint inhibitors. NDI-101150 reactivates anti-tumor activity of T-cells, B-cells and dendritic cells (DCs), even under immunosuppressive conditions. Methods: Safety and preliminary efficacy (primary endpoints) of NDI-101150 alone (50–200 mg once-daily in 28-day cycles) and in combination with pembrolizumab are being assessed in patients (pts) with relapsed or metastatic solid tumors. NDI-101150 monotherapy expansion cohorts in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and gastric/gastroesophageal (G/GEJ) cancer are also being assessed. Results: Dose escalation/expansion data as of Dec 13, 2023 are presented. Treatment (tx)-related adverse effects (TRAEs) in the safety set (N=39) for NDI-101150 monotherapy are presented in the table. 30 (76.9%) pts reported ≥1 TRAE and 5 (12.8%) pts reported grade ≥3 TRAEs. Most common TRAEs were nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and fatigue. Combination tx TRAEs (N=7) recapitulate the monotherapy profile (data not shown). NDI-101150 induced clinical benefit in 4/24 (16.7%) response-evaluable pts: complete response in 1 pt with clear cell RCC; stable disease (SD) ≥6 months in 3 pts (RCC [21 months], pancreatic cancer and endometrial cancer). Unconfirmed SD was noted in 2 pts with RCC, and in 1 pt each with NSCLC and G/GEJ cancer. Nearly dose-proportional increases in exposure were observed on Day 1 of Cycle 1 (C1) across 50–200 mg, with steady state achieved between Days 15 and 28 of tx. Pharmacokinetic profiles of monotherapy and combination tx cohorts were similar. Sustained inhibition of pSLP76 of >50% relative to pre-tx levels (predicted to achieve efficacy in nonclinical models) was observed at all doses tested by Day 15 of C1. Using a custom 12-plex immunofluorescence assay to monitor changes in the tumor immune microenvironment, an on-tx biopsy assessment from a pt with RCC showed increased infiltration of activated CD8+ T-cells and DCs compared to archival biopsy, aligning with the proposed mechanism of action. Conclusions: The observed clinical benefit and safety profile support continued evaluation of NDI-101150 as a viable next-generation immunotherapeutic. Clinical trial information: NCT05128487 . [Table: see text]
Association between PIK3CA mutations and disease-free survival in patients with HR+, HER2- tumors treated with adjuvant hormonal therapy: A real-world study in Croatia.
Authors: Čerina Dora , Dedic Plavetic Natalija , Belac Lovasić Ingrid , Separovic Robert , Flam Josipa , Pancirov Marija , Bajić Žarko , Tomic Snjezana , Vrdoljak Eduard 
Published: July 2024

e12512 Background: Disease recurrence of early hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast tumor subtype is particularly challenging to manage due to its complex and very heterogeneous biological nature. Namely, due to primary and secondary resistance, one-quarter of patients with early disease will present with the disease recurrence. This variability in the timing of recurrence highlights the need to better identify key biomarkers that could predict therapeutic outcomes and guide personalized treatment strategies for these patients. Mutations in the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) gene have a high prevalence of 30% to 40% in HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer. They lead to activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, promoting cell growth, and proliferation, and are associated with poor prognosis in advanced breast cancer. Our aim was to examine this association and impact of PIK3CA mutation status on disease free survival (DFS) in HR+/ HER2- early breast cancer patients. Methods: We conducted a multicentric, retrospective cohort study in five Croatian institutions from July 2020 to December 2021. Study included initially early HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients who have been diagnosed with disease recurrence during adjuvant hormonal treatment or within first six years of follow up. The Cobas PIK3CA Mutation Testing Kit was used for real-time PCR-based amplification and mutation detection on the Cobas z 480 analyzer. We have analyzed differences in DFS from initiation of adjuvant endocrine therapy, using Cox, proportional hazard regression. Results: There was total of 186 patients, out of which 40.9% tested positive for the PIK3CA mutation. Primary and adjuvant treatment and in particular adjuvant endocrine treatment was similar between the two groups. After adjustment for 14 relevant covariates, we found that patients with positive PIK3CA status and with H1047 PIK3CA mutation had significantly lower hazard for disease recurrence in comparison to patients with no PIK3CA mutation (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.45; 0.95; p = 0.024; HR 6.52; 95% CI 1.15; 36.95; p = 0.034 respectively; false discovery rate, FDR < 10%) and higher odds for late recurrence (p = 0.001, FDR < 5%). Conclusions: This study highlights the potential impact of PIK3CA mutations on disease recurrence during/following adjuvant endocrine treatment and by that potentially opens the door for further investigation of possibly more personalized treatment strategies.
A pilot study evaluating exercise intervention and body composition changes in patients with breast cancer and survivors.
Authors: Merifield Lindsey , Asato Chloe , Baron Kirsten , Toyama Matthew , Yamada Paulette , Teranishi-Hashimoto Cheri , Fukui Jami Aya 
Published: July 2024

e12527 Background: In breast cancer patients and survivors, higher weight and adipose tissue levels have been associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, and cancer recurrence. Additionally, various breast cancer treatments can increase body weight, adipose tissue, and inflammatory markers, raising multiple health concerns for breast cancer patients. Recent studies have found exercise programs alongside breast cancer treatment decreased adipose tissue; however, the weight loss and lifestyle results were not maintained following the exercise program. It remains unclear what strategies are effective in implementing long term lifestyle changes. Methods: In this pilot study, breast cancer patients and survivors (N=24, individual=12, group=12) followed an exercise program for 6 months, followed by 6 months of follow up. Participants ranged from ages 36 to75. Participants were randomized into group and individual exercise sections. Anthropometric measurements were taken at baseline, 3 months and 1 year. One-year measures were used to indicate continued lifestyle changes. Results: Significant differences in fat % body composition were found between baseline and 3 months in both group and individual with an average change of 1.12% (5.9% max) and 1.32% (5.4% max) respectively (P=0.0090). In addition, the baseline and 1-year average change of both group 2.8% (8.8% max) and individual 1.5% (9.6% max) sections was also seen and statistically significant (P=0.0040). Patients in individual and group exercise sections had up to 9.6% and 8.8% decrease in adipose tissue over 1 year, respectively.However, no significant difference was found between the individual and group exercise sections (P=0.3244). Conclusions: Patients from both the individual and group exercise sections continued to decrease adipose tissue composition throughout the 1-year study period, including after formal exercise course cessation at 6 months. This indicates that both group and individual exercise courses may offer similar health benefits to breast cancer survivors. We are continuing long term data collection to evaluate sustainability of the intervention benefits and to monitor breast cancer recurrence rates. Clinical trial information: NCT04013568 . [Table: see text]
Clinical factors associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women of Hispanic origin diagnosed with early-stage TNBC or HER2+ breast cancer in the United States.
Authors: Herran Maria , Sabbagh Saad , Hijazi Ali , Mohanna Mohamed , Dominguez Barbara , Nahleh Zeina A. 
Published: July 2024

e12535 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been strongly recommended for patients diagnosed with TNBC or HER2+ breast cancer. Hispanic populations are composed of a heterogenous group that include different racial and national backgrounds. This may account for differences in response to NACT. The aim of this study is to explore the factors associated with chemosensitivity among Hispanic women with early-stage TNBC or HER2+ breast cancer in the United States. Methods: This retrospective cohort study queried data from the National Cancer Database between 2010 and 2020 for women diagnosed with early-stage TNBC or HER2+ breast cancer who received NACT and identify as Hispanic (Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, South or Central American and Dominican Republic). Patients were divided into two groups based on their response to NACT: sensitive (pTNM stage < cTNM, including ypT0N0) and refractory (pTNM stage ≥ cTNM stage). Using chi-square, socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with response to NACT were identified. Significant variables (p<0.05) were included in the multivariate logistic regression model predicting their response to NACT. Results: This study included N= 1,225 Hispanic women who met the inclusion criteria, 48.8% were Mexican, and 30.5% were from the Caribbean (Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Dominican Republic and 20.7% were from Central or South America). Within the overall group, n=769 (62.8%) were deemed sensitive to NACT, while n=456 (37.2%) were considered refractory. Significant variables associated with chemosensitivity at the multivariate level included age, tumor subtype, cN stage, and the use of multiagent NACT. Hispanic patients >70 years were less likely to respond to NACT (OR 0.57 95% CI 0.35-0.94, p-value=0.027). Meanwhile, patients diagnosed with TNBC were more likely to respond to NACT compared to HER2+ tumors (OR 2.0 95%CI 1.6-2.6, p-value<0.001). Patients with negative lymph nodes were 1.6 times more likely to have chemosensitive response compared to those with positive lymph nodes who tend to have more refractory disease (95%CI 1.6-2.6, p-value<0.001). Patients receiving single agent were 63% less likely to respond than multiagent NACT (95%CI 0.23-0.61, p-value<0.001). No major chemosensitive differences were found between individual Hispanic origin. Conclusions: In our nationwide Hispanic cohort, youngerage, TNBC, and cN0 were found to be significant predictors of neoadjuvant chemosensitive response in early-stage Breast Cancer. Further prospective inclusive studies are warranted to better delineate the heterogeneity in response to NACT among individual self-reported Hispanic ethnicities within the United States.