bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Splanchnic vein thrombosis and myeloproliferative neoplasms: molecular-driven diagnosis and long-term treatment
Authors: Betti Silvia , Rossi Elena , Stefano Valerio De , Qi Xingshun 
Published: September 2015

SummarySplanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) encompasses Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO), and mesenteric vein thrombosis. Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNS) are the leading systemic cause of non-cirrhotic and non-malignant SVT and are diagnosed in 40 % of BCS patients and one-third of EHPVO patients. In SVT patients the molecular marker JAK2 V617F is detectable up to 87 % of those with overt MPN and up to 26 % of those without. In the latter, other MPN molecular markers, such as mutations in JAK2 exon 12, CALR and MPL genes, are extremely rare. Immediate anticoagulation with heparin is used to treat acute patients. Upon clinical deterioration, catheter-directed thrombolysis or a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is used in conjunction with anticoagulation. Orthotopic liver transplantation is the only reliable option in BCS patients with a lack of a response to other treatments, without contraindication due to MPN. Long-term oral anticoagulation with vitamin K–antagonists (VKA) is recommended in all SVT patients with the MPN-related permanent prothrombotic state; the benefits of adding aspirin to VKA are uncertain. Cytoreduction is warranted in all SVT patients with an overt MPN, but its appropriateness is doubtful in those with molecular MPN without hypercythaemia.
Potential for Recombinant ADAMTS13 as an Effective Therapy for Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Tersteeg Claudia , Schiviz Alexandra , De Meyer Simon F. , Plaimauer Barbara , Scheiflinger Friedrich , Rottensteiner Hanspeter , Vanhoorelbeke Karen 
Published: September 2015

Objective—
The metalloprotease ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13) regulates the size of von Willebrand factor multimers. A deficiency in ADAMTS13 activity is associated with the life-threatening disease thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). The vast majority of patients have acquired TTP, where circulating anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies are causative for the decreased ADAMTS13 activity. Current treatment consists of plasma exchange, but improved therapies are highly warranted.

Approach and Results—
We have developed a new rat model mimicking various aspects of acquired TTP to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of human recombinant ADAMTS13. A polyclonal antibody against ADAMTS13 completely blocked endogenous rat ADAMTS13 activity in Sprague–Dawley rats. When TTP was triggered using recombinant von Willebrand factor, the animals displayed severe TTP-like symptoms, such as thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and von Willebrand factor–rich thrombi in the kidneys and brain. Subsequent injection of 400, 800, or 1600 U/kg recombinant ADAMTS13 prevented full development of these symptoms. Analysis of plasma samples confirmed that recombinant ADAMTS13 was able to override circulating anti-ADAMTS13 inhibitory antibodies, resulting in restoration of ADAMTS13 activity and degradation of ultralarge von Willebrand factor multimers.

Conclusions—
Recombinant ADAMTS13 was shown to be effective in averting severe acquired TTP-like symptoms in rats and holds promising value for the treatment of this severe and life-threatening disease in humans.
Differential Responses of the Septal Ventricle and the Atrial Signals During Ongoing Entrainment
Authors: Calvo David , Ávila Pablo , García-Fernández F. Javier , Pachón Marta , Bravo Loreto , Eidelman Gabriel , Hernández Jesús , Miracle Ángel L. , Rubín José , Pérez Diego , Arenal Ángel , Atienza Felipe , Jimenez-Candil Javier , Arias Miguel Ángel , Datino Tomás , Martínez-Camblor Pablo , Gonzalez-Torrecilla Esteban , Almendral Jesús 
Published: September 2015

Background—
Differential diagnosis between tachycardia mediated by septal accessory pathways (AP) and atypical atrioventricular nodal reentry can be challenging. We hypothesized that an immediate versus delayed pace-related advancement of the atrial electrogram, once the local septal parahisian ventricular electrogram (SVE) has been advanced, may help in this diagnosis.

Methods and Results—

We focused on differential timing between SVE and atrial signals at the initiation of continuous right ventricular apical pacing during tachycardia. SVE advancement preceding atrial reset was defined as SVE advanced by the paced wave fronts while atrial signal continued at the tachycardia cycle. We analyzed 51 atypical atrioventricular nodal reentry (45% posterior type) and 80 AP tachycardias (anteroseptal [10], parahisian [18], midseptal [12], and posteroseptal [40]). SVE advancement preceding atrial reset was observed in 98% of atrioventricular nodal reentries during 4±1.1 cycles; this phenomena was observed in 6 (8%) of the atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia mediated by septal AP (
P
<0.001; sensitivity 98%; specificity 93%; positive predictive value 90%; negative predictive value 99%) and lasted 1 single cycle (
P
<0.001). Right posteroseptal AP tachycardias were distinctly characterized by atrial reset preceding SVE advancement (with ventricular fusion; specificity 100%; positive predictive value 100%). In 11 cases, it was impossible to achieve sustain entrainment. In all of them, the differential responses at the entrainment attempt allowed for appropriate diagnosis.

Conclusions—
The differential response of the SVE and the atrial electrogram at the initiation of continuous right ventricular apical pacing during tachycardia effectively distinguishes between atypical atrioventricular nodal reentry and atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia mediated by septal APs.
Risk of Rupture or Dissection in Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Kim Joon Bum , Kim Kibeom , Lindsay Mark E. , MacGillivray Thomas , Isselbacher Eric M. , Cambria Richard P. , Sundt Thoralf M. 
Published: September 2015

Background—
Current practice guidelines recommend surgical repair of large thoracic aortic aneurysms to prevent fatal aortic dissection or rupture, but limited natural history data exist to support clinical criteria for timely intervention.

Methods and Results—
Of 3247 patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm registered in our institutional Thoracic Aortic Center Database, we identified and reviewed 257 nonsyndromic patients (age, 72.4±10.5 years; 143 female) with descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm without a history of aortic dissection in whom surgical intervention was not undertaken. The primary end point was a composite of aortic dissection/rupture and sudden death. Baseline mean maximal aortic diameter was 52.4±10.8 mm, with 103 patients having diameters ≥55 mm. During a median follow-up of 25.1 months (quartiles 1–3, 8.3–56.4 months), definite and possible aortic events occurred in 19 (7.4%) and 31 (12.1%) patients, respectively. On multivariable analyses, maximal aortic diameter at baseline emerged as the only significant predictor of aortic events (hazard ratio=1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–1.15). Estimated rates of definite aortic events within 1 year were 5.5%, 7.2%, and 9.3% for aortic diameters of 50, 55, and 60 mm, respectively. Receiver-operating characteristic curves for discriminating aortic events were higher for indexed aortic sizes referenced by body size (area under the curve=0.832–0.889) but not significantly different from absolute maximal aortic diameter (area under the curve=0.805).

Conclusions—
Aortic size was the principal factor related to aortic events in unrepaired descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. Although the risk of aortic events started to increase with a diameter >5.0 to 5.5 cm, it is uncertain whether repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms in this range leads to overall benefit, and the threshold for repair requires further evaluation.
Weaving Metaphors and Cosmo-political Thought in Early China
Authors: Pankenier David W. 
Published: September 2015

The deployment of weaving/netting metaphors in ancient Chinese socio-political thought has been noted, but the degree to which those metaphors may have prefigured cosmo-political thought in the earliest period has not been explored. This essay traces the crucial role of weaving technology in providing a fertile source for the constitutive image schema nearly ubiquitous in early cosmo-political discourse. Le déploiement des métaphores faisant intervenir le tissage ou le maillage dans la pensée socio-politique de la Chine ancienne a bien été remarqué, mais on n’a pas exploré le degré auquel ces métaphores peuvent avoir préfiguré la pensée cosmo-politique des périodes les plus reculées. Cet essai retrace le rôle crucial de la technologie du tissage dans la formation du schéma constitutif de représentation pratiquement omniprésent dans le discours cosmo-politique fondamental.
Likwidacja modelu osmańskiego w Bośni po 1995 roku a kryzys państwa
Authors: Falski Maciej 
Published: September 2015

Abolition of the Ottoman model in Bosnia after the 1995 and the crisis of the stateIn this paper is analyzed the dis/continuity of the Ottoman tradition in Bosnia, treated not in the ethnographical or superficial perspective, but in its deeper, cultural and social aspect. The so-called Ottoman model, continued in Austro-Hungarian and Yugoslav period, was characterized by multiplicity of social actors and the lack of the obsession of national territory. The boundaries of an autonomous territory (i.e. Bosnia under Ottoman, or Habsburg and Yugoslav rule) delimitated the sphere of shared practices, and its condition depended on relations between different ethnical agents. After the 1995 predominates the tendency toward territorial and national homogenization which leads to division, and liquidation of the Bosnian state. Nonetheless, the Ottoman model is described here as ambiguous, for its inability to shape the public sphere as a space of civic subjects, not only communities. A lack of the positive idea of the state, and the lack of any legitimization of the power other than nationalism, are seen as the major sources of political and social instability in Bosnia.
Tko su za nas Turci / Osmanlije? Ili kako su predstavljeni u hrvatskim udžbenicima povijesti i sintezama / pregledima hrvatske povijesti
Authors: Agičić Damir 
Published: September 2015

What is our perception of the Ottoman Turks, or how are they presented in Croatian history textbooks and the outlines / overviews of Croatian historyHistory textbooks, especially in the Central and East European countries, often contain various single-sided, monocentric, xenophobic views, national exclusiveness, as well as divisions between “us” and “them,” confrontations with the others, etc. The countries with the more developed democratization process find it easier to overcome such difficulties in education, especially in textbooks, because they have no need for self justification and confirmation and have solid institutions addressing the social, economic, and various other rights of individuals. The Ottoman Turks have greatly influenced European, and thus also Croatian, history of the Late Medieval and Early Modern time. The author describes the position taken towards Ottoman invasions and rule in history textbooks and recent outlines of Croatian history. Both the textbooks and the analyzed outlines are found to contain two opposed views of Croatian history – one is ethno-centric, exuberating national past and often offers a prejudiced view of our neighbours, while the other is more modern and presents a more open and concrete overview of Croatian past. The paper lists a number of examples confirming such results. Kim są dla nas Turcy osmańscy, czyli obraz Turków w chorwackich podręcznikach do nauki historii i w syntezach historii Chorwacji Podręczniki do nauki historii – szczególnie w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej, które podlegały transformacji ustrojowej – często prezentują różne formy jednostronnych wyobrażeń, monocentryzmu, ksenofobii czy narodowego ekskluzywizmu, stosując stereotypowe podziały na „my” i „oni”, przeprowadzają też często obrachunki z „innymi”. Przezwyciężanie tego typu trudności w nauczaniu przedmiotu łatwiejsze jest w krajach, gdzie proces demokratyzacji poszedł dalej, gdzie istnieją stabilne instytucje społeczne, które zajmują się prawami człowieka, a tym samym nie ma potrzeby udowadniania własnej przynależności.Turcy osmańscy w późnym średniowieczu i wczesnej epoce nowożytnej mieli istotny wpływ na historię Europy, w tym także na historię Chorwacji. Zarówno w podręcznikach, jak w poddanych analizie syntezach historii Chorwacji widoczne są dwie przeciwstawne wizje stosunków turecko-chorwackich, jak zresztą i innych momentów narodowej historii: pierwsza, etnocentryczna, wyolbrzymia własną przeszłość i charakteryzuje się w wielu miejscach nietolerancją w stosunku do innych, szczególnie sąsiadów, druga natomiast jest bardziej nowoczesna, otwarta i wyważona. W artykule wymienione są przykłady, które wizje te potwierdzają.
Hrvatski nacionalni identitet i Europska unija
Authors: Sršen Andreja , Piskač Davor 
Published: September 2015

Croatian national identity and the European Union The permanent anthropological determinant of men which provides them with a feeling of social security is the feeling of belonging to a larger group of people. Various forms of such affiliations existed in the past. They represent older types of collective relationships, such as tribes, the Greek poleis, medieval kingdoms and the like. All of them exhibit the fundamental features of the “structure” of identity. Nowadays, Croatia being at the doorstep of the Euro­pean Union, the issue of national identity becomes a matter of its internal structure that re­sists integration, yet seeking to become a part of the “European identity structure”. Croatia’s scepticism towards the EU stems from the questions of whether the European identity exists and which possibilities for preserving all the structural elements of Croatian national identity, including language as the main aspect, exist within the European Union. The territory, lan­guage and customs acquire defensive features that are becoming increasingly disintegrating and decreasingly integrating in the multi-ethnic Europe. Chorwacka tożsamość narodowa i Unia Europejska Trwałą determinantą antropologiczną człowieka, dającą mu poczucie bezpieczeństwa spo­łecznego, jest świadomość przynależności do większej grupy. Niegdyś istniały różne formy takiej przynależności, a mianowicie starsze typy związków społecznych, jak plemiona, greckie polis, średniowieczne królestwa itd. Współcześnie te formy przynależności zbiorowej są związane ze strukturą narodową, z państwem-narodem lub też ze strukturą ponadnarodową, jaką jest Unia Europejska. W każdej z nich można znaleźć podstawowe cechy strukturalne w postaci tożsamości narodowej lub ponadnarodowej. Obecnie, kiedy Chorwacja oczekuje na przyjęcie do Unii Euro­pejskiej, kwestia tożsamości narodowej staje się sprawą jej wewnętrznej struktury, która stawia opór integracji, ale jednocześnie chce być częścią ponadnarodowej „tożsamości europejskiej”. Sceptycyzm Chorwacji wobec UE wynika ze stawianych pytań: czy istnieje tożsamość europej­ska i jakie są możliwości zachowania wszystkich elementów chorwackiej konstrukcji tożsamości narodowej z językiem jako jej głównym komponentem w obrębie Unii Europejskiej? Terytorium, język i zwyczaje zyskują bowiem cechy defensywne, stając się w wieloetnicznej Europie czynni­kiem coraz bardziej dezintegrującym, a nie służącym integracji.
Јазичната политика во Република Македонија – меѓу законската регулатива и практиката
Authors: Груевска-Маџоска [Gruevska-Madžoska] Симона [Simona] 
Published: September 2015

Language policy in the Republic of Macedonia – between legislation and practice The question about the status of the Macedonian language manifests itself for the first time in the 19th century, but its resolution starts with the codification of the Macedonian lan­guage after World War II. The Macedonian language is then declared as an official language in the Macedonian republic and equal amongst the other languages in SFR Yugoslavia. However, the official language in SFR Yugoslavia (the language of international communication, mili­tary dealings, one of the core subjects in all elementary schools etc.) was the Serbo‑Croatian language. With the formation of an independent Republic of Macedonia, the Macedonian language became the only official language until the peace deal Ohrid Framework Agreement was signed, when the language of the largest ethnic minority – the Albanian language – gains the status of an official language. The issue of interest of this article is whether the Macedonian language has changed its status and to what extent, what are the terms of legislation for it and the real situation in which it is found in the Republic of Macedonia. Polityka językowa w Republice Macedonii – między ustawodawstwem a praktyką Artykuł poświęcony jest zagadnieniom związanym ze zmianą statusu języka macedoń­skiego, jego stanem prawnym i faktyczną sytuacją językową w Republice Macedonii.Kwestia statusu języka macedońskiego pojawiła się po raz pierwszy w XIX wieku, lecz jej właściwe rozwiązanie nastąpiło wraz z kodyfikacją języka literackiego po II wojnie świa­towej. Wówczas język macedoński został uznany za oficjalny w Socjalistycznej Republice Macedonii i równouprawniony z pozostałymi językami w SFR Jugosławii, przy czym języ­kiem oficjalnym federacyjnego państwa był serbskochorwacki/chorwackoserbski (jako język komunikacji międzynarodowej, język armii i przedmiot obowiązkowego nauczania w szkole podstawowej itd.).Z chwilą ukonstytuowania się Republiki Macedonii jako niezależnego państwa język ma­cedoński został jedynym językiem oficjalnym, sytuacja taka trwała aż do podpisania umowy w Ochrydzie (Ohridskiot ramoven dogovor), kiedy to także albański – jako język największej mniejszości etnicznej w kraju – zyskał status języka oficjalnego.
Simulation of the Indian Summer Monsoon in the Superparameterized Climate Forecast System Version 2: Preliminary Results
Authors: Goswami Bidyut B. , Krishna R. P. M. , Mukhopadhyay P. , Khairoutdinov Marat , Goswami B. N. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
An analysis of a 5-yr (from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2013) free run of the superparameterized (SP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) version 2 (CFSv2) (SP-CFS), implemented for the first time at a spectral triangular truncation at wavenumber 62 (T62) atmospheric horizontal resolution, is presented. The SP-CFS simulations are evaluated against observations and traditional convection parameterized CFSv2 simulations at T62 resolution as well as at some higher resolutions. The metrics for evaluating the model performance are chosen in order to mainly address the improvement in systematic biases observed in the CFSv2 documented in earlier studies. While the primary focus of this work is on evaluating the improvement of the simulation of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) by the SP-CFS model, some results are also presented within the context of the global climate. The SP-CFS significantly reduces the dry bias of precipitation over the Indian subcontinent and better captures the monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (MISO) modes. SP-CFS also improves the northward and eastward propagation of high- and low-frequency modes of ISM. Compared to CFSv2, the SP-CFS model simulates improved convectively coupled equatorial waves; better temperature structures both spatially and vertically, leading to a significantly improved relative distribution of variance for the synoptic disturbances and low-frequency tropical intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs). This analysis of the development of SP-CFS is particularly important as it shows promise for improving the cloud process representation through an SP framework and is able to improve the mean as well as intraseasonal characteristics of CFSv2 within the context of the ISM.
Change in the Relationship between the Southern Subtropical Dipole Modes and the Southern Annular Mode in the Mid-1980s
Authors: Yan Li , Li Gen 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The southern subtropical dipole modes (SSDMs) and southern annular mode (SAM) are important climate modes, which are dominant in the southern middle and high latitudes, respectively, with considerable regional climatic impacts. However, the relationship between the two modes remains unclear. A close inspection reveals that the SAM was significantly correlated with the SSDMs during the austral summer before the mid-1980s. However, the correlations have degraded since then. This decadal shift in the relationship between these two southern dominant modes is due to a weakened connection between the SAM and the subtropical highs that control the SSDMs. This decadal change could be traced back to a poleward shift in the southern westerly belt. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) typically plays a moderate role in influencing the precipitation in Australia and a minor role in influencing the precipitation in Africa and South America. Nevertheless, the two southern modes could still affect the austral summer rainfall in the midlatitudes, even though the ENSO signal is absent. All these links between the two southern modes and southern land precipitation may be attributable to the associated transport of moisture in the lower-level circulation.
Evaluation of the Snow Simulations from the Community Land Model, Version 4 (CLM4)
Authors: Toure Ally M. , Rodell Matthew , Yang Zong-Liang , Beaudoing Hiroko , Kim Edward , Zhang Yongfei , Kwon Yonghwan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This paper evaluates the simulation of snow by the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4), the land model component of the Community Earth System Model, version 1.0.4 (CESM1.0.4). CLM4 was run in an offline mode forced with the corrected land-only replay of the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-Land) and the output was evaluated for the period from January 2001 to January 2011 over the Northern Hemisphere poleward of 30°N. Simulated snow-cover fraction (SCF), snow depth, and snow water equivalent (SWE) were compared against a set of observations including the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) SCF, the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS) snow cover, the Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC) daily snow analysis products, snow depth from the National Weather Service Cooperative Observer (COOP) program, and Snowpack Telemetry (SNOTEL) SWE observations. CLM4 SCF was converted into snow-cover extent (SCE) to compare with MODIS SCE. It showed good agreement, with a correlation coefficient of 0.91 and an average bias of −1.54 × 102 km2. Overall, CLM4 agreed well with IMS snow cover, with the percentage of correctly modeled snow–no snow being 94%. CLM4 snow depth and SWE agreed reasonably well with the CMC product, with the average bias (RMSE) of snow depth and SWE being 0.044 m (0.19 m) and −0.010 m (0.04 m), respectively. CLM4 underestimated SNOTEL SWE and COOP snow depth. This study demonstrates the need to improve the CLM4 snow estimates and constitutes a benchmark against which improvement of the model through data assimilation can be measured.