bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular Volume Fraction Is More Closely Associated With Altered Regional Left Ventricular Velocities Than Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Collins Jeremy , Sommerville Cort , Magrath Patrick , Spottiswoode Bruce , Freed Benjamin H. , Benzuly Keith H. , Gordon Robert , Vidula Himabindu , Lee Dan C. , Yancy Clyde , Carr James , Markl Michael 
Published: January 2015

Background—
Nonischemic cardiomyopathy is a common cause of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to noninvasively evaluate changes in segmental LV extracellular volume (ECV) fraction, LV velocities, myocardial scar, and wall motion in nonischemic cardiomyopathy patients.

Methods and Results—

Cardiac MRI including pre- and postcontrast myocardial T1 mapping and velocity quantification (tissue phase mapping) of the LV (basal, midventricular, and apical short axis) was applied in 31 patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (50±18 years). Analysis based on the 16-segment American Heart Association model was used to evaluate the segmental distribution of ECV, peak systolic and diastolic myocardial velocities, scar determined by late gadolinium enhancement, and wall motion abnormalities. LV segments with scar or impaired wall motion were significantly associated with elevated ECV (

r
s

=0.26;
P
<0.001) and reduced peak systolic radial velocities (
r
=−0.43;
P
<0.001). Regional myocardial velocities and ECV were similar for patients with reduced (n=12; ECV=0.28±0.06) and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (n=19; ECV=0.30±0.09). Patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction showed significant relationships between increasing ECV and reduced systolic (
r
=−0.19;
r
=−0.30) and diastolic (
r
=0.34;
r
=0.26) radial and long-axis peak velocities (
P
<0.001). Even after excluding myocardial segments with late gadolinium enhancement, significant relationships between ECV and segmental LV velocities were maintained indicating the potential of elevated ECV to identify regional diffuse fibrosis not visible by late gadolinium enhancement, which was associated with impaired regional LV function.

Conclusions—
Regionally elevated ECV negatively affected myocardial velocities. The association of elevated regional ECV with reduced myocardial velocities independent of left ventricular ejection fraction suggests a structure–function relationship between altered ECV and segmental myocardial function in nonischemic cardiomyopathy.
Effect of Obesity on Coronary Atherosclerosis and Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Kang Soo-Jin , Mintz Gary S. , Witzenbichler Bernhard , Metzger D. Christopher , Rinaldi Michael J. , Duffy Peter L. , Weisz Giora , Stuckey Thomas D. , Brodie Bruce R. , Shimizu Takehisa , Xu Ke , Kirtane Ajay J. , Stone Gregg W. , Maehara Akiko 
Published: January 2015

Background—
Obesity is a cardiovascular risk factor, but the obesity paradox in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention is poorly understood.

Methods and Results—

Assessment of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Drug-Eluting Stents (ADAPT-DES) was a prospective, multicenter study of patients undergoing drug-eluting stent implantation. Overall, 780 patients (916 culprit lesions) were evaluated by grayscale and virtual histology–intravascular ultrasound pre–percutaneous coronary intervention. Poststenting intravascular ultrasound was done in 780 patients (894 treated lesions). Patients were divided into body mass index (BMI) tertiles. The high-BMI group had more diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia and more frequent plaque ruptures compared with the low-BMI group. At the minimal lumen area site, the high-BMI group had a larger plaque area (11.7 [11.0–12.4] versus 9.8 [9.3–10.4] mm
2
) and a greater plaque burden (77.3% [76.1%–78.5%] versus 74.4% [73.1%–75.8%]) compared with the low-BMI group; however, a larger external elastic membrane area (14.6 [13.8–15.3] versus 12.7 [12.1–13.3] mm
2
) resulted in a similar minimal lumen area compared with the low-BMI group. Post stenting, the high-BMI group had a significantly larger stent area versus the lower-BMI group. At 1-year follow-up, the high-BMI group was associated with less clinically driven target lesion revascularization compared with the low-BMI group in both the overall and the propensity-matched cohorts.

Conclusions—
A high BMI was associated with a greater plaque burden; however, a larger external elastic membrane preserved lumen dimensions and was associated with a larger stent area during intravascular ultrasound-guided stent implantation. Thus, despite more comorbidities, greater plaque burden, and more plaque rupture, a high BMI was not associated with worse outcomes after drug-eluting stent implantation.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00638794.
Diosgenin-induced protection against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury is mediated by mitochondrial KATP channels in a rat model
Authors: Badalzadeh R , Yousefi B , Tajaddini A , Ahmadian N 
Published: January 2015

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of diosgenin on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury and the potential involvement of mitochondrial KATP (mitoKATP) channel and nitric oxide (NO) system blockades in this field. Materials and methods: After isolation of hearts of male Wister rats, the study was conducted on control and diosgenin- receiving hearts in the presence or absence of 5-HD and L-NAME (as antagonists of mitoKATP channel and NO system, respectively) in an isolated buffer-perfused heart model. Global ischaemia was induced by 30-min occlusion of aortic flow followed by 90-min reperfusion. Cardiac haemodynamics were recorded throughout the experiment using a PowerLab data acquisition system. Results: The levels of creatine kinase (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the coronary effluents were estimated colourimetrically. Diosgenin pre-administration significantly decreased the release of LDH and CK-MD into the coronary effluent as compared the with the control group (P<0.05). The left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and contractility (±dP/dt) were significantly improved and restored to pre-ischaemic values in the diosgenin-receiving group (P<0.05 ). There were no significant differences in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, coronary flow and heart rate between the control and diosgenin-treated groups during the pre-ischaemic and reperfusion periods. Blocking the mitoKATP channels by 5-HD completely eliminated the positive effect of the diosgenin on the LVDP and ±dP/dt (P<0.05 ). However, blocking the NO system by L-NAME slightly reduced the diosgenin effects and the inhibitory effect of L-NAME was less than 5-HD. Conclusion: The results showed that diosgenin may have cardioprotective effects against myocardial reperfusion injury through activating the mitoKATP channels.
Gravity Versus Manual External Rotation Stress View in Evaluating Ankle Stability
Authors: LeBa Thu-Ba , Gugala Zbigniew , Morris Randal P. , Panchbhavi Vinod K. 
Published: January 2015

Background. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine whether gravity versus manual external rotation stress testing effectively detects widening of the medial clear space in isolated ankle fractures when compared with the uninjured contralateral side. Methods. Manual external rotation stress and gravity stress tests were performed on injured and uninjured ankles of ankle fracture patients in a clinic setting. Medial clear space measurements were recorded and differences between gravity and manual stress views were determined. Results. Twenty consecutive patients with ankle injury were enrolled in the study. When compared with the uninjured side, gravity stress views showed a statistically significant ( P = .017) increase in medial clear space widening (1.85 ± 1.07 mm) compared with manual stress view widening (1.35 ± 1.04 mm). Conclusions. This study suggests that gravity stress views are as effective as manual external rotation stress views in detecting medial clear space widening in isolated fibular fractures. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic, Level II: Prospective, comparative trial
Compound loss of function of nuclear receptors Tr2 and Tr4 leads to induction of murine embryonic β-type globin genes
Authors: Cui Shuaiying , Tanabe Osamu , Sierant Michael , Shi Lihong , Campbell Andrew , Lim Kim-Chew , Engel James Douglas 
Published: January 2015

Key Points
Conditional TR2/TR4 knockout leads to induction of murine embryonic globin genes.
Valproate? Lithium comes first
Authors: Attenburrow Mary Jane , Smith Katharine 
Published: January 2015

SummaryMaintenance drug treatment in bipolar disorder is a key component of management. There is clinical uncertainty about the relative efficacy of valproate, either alone or in combination, particularly in comparison to lithium. This month's Cochrane corner review aimed to summarise the best evidence available. This commentary puts the findings into their clinical context and updates them in the light of subsequent analyses and the recent revision of the NICE guidelines on bipolar disorder.
Parenting and personality disorder: clinical and child protection implications
Authors: Adshead Gwen 
Published: January 2015

SummaryI review some of the evidence that parental personality disorder represents a risk to child development, in terms of both transmission of genetic vulnerability and the environmental stress of living with a parent who has a personality disorder that negatively affects their parenting capacities. I argue that there are two compelling reasons to impose a duty on mental healthcare providers to offer services for adults with personality disorders that specifically focus on their parenting identity: first, because effective therapies for personality disorder are now available; and second, because there is a strong utilitarian and economic argument for improving parental mental health so as to reduce the economic and psychological burden of their offsprings' future psychiatric morbidity.
High Tolerance to Coke Deposition in Methane Steam Reforming for Yttria-stabilized Zirconia Catalyst-supported Nickel by Electroless Plating
Authors: Watanabe Ryo , Kawasaki Wataru , Ma Xiaojun , Fukuhara Choji 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a yttria-stabilized zirconia catalyst-supported nickel (Ni/YSZ) with high tolerance to coke deposition during methane steam reforming (MSR). The Ni/YSZ catalyst prepared by an electroless plating method (Ni(el)/YSZ) exhibited better stability during the MSR than did the catalyst prepared by a conventional impregnation method (Ni(im)/YSZ). Additionally, the amount of coke deposition on the Ni(el)/YSZ catalyst was lower than that on the Ni(im)/YSZ catalyst. By thermal treating the Ni(el)/YSZ catalyst in a nitrogen atmosphere before the reforming reaction, a further decrease in the deposited coke amount was observed. In particular, the deposited coke was not detected at all over the Ni(el)/YSZ catalyst pretreated at 1073 K for 2 h.
Serum Magnesium Levels in Pediatric Inpatients: A Study in Laboratory Overuse
Authors: Narayanan Sridaran , Scalici Paul 
Published: January 2015

Background and Objective:Hypomagnesemia, defined as a serum magnesium (Mg) level &lt;1.5 mg/dL (0.62 mmol/L), is often asymptomatic. The goals of this study were to determine the incidence of clinically significant abnormal Mg levels in the inpatient setting and to identify diagnoses for which testing would be diagnostically helpful.Methods:We obtained data from 2010 through 2011 on charges for serum Mg levels and Mg supplementation for all non-ICU inpatients from the 43 tertiary care children’s hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System database. A manual chart review was performed for all patients at our institution with charges for both Mg levels and Mg supplementation.Results:A median of 13.5% (interquartile range: 7.7–22.1) of non-ICU inpatients from Pediatric Health Information System centers had charges for Mg levels, at a total charge of $41 million in the 2010–2011 period. At our institution, 19.1% of non-ICU inpatients had charges for Mg levels, at a charge of $67.32/patient-day. Of the 4608 patients with Mg laboratory charges at our institution, 171 (3.7%) had an intervention, defined as addition or modification of an Mg supplement dose in response to a serum Mg level. The 4 most common groups of diagnoses (oncologic, abdominal surgery requiring total parenteral nutrition, solid organ transplant, and short bowel syndrome) accounted for 143 (83.6%) of these interventions.Conclusions:Serum Mg levels were frequently ordered in non-ICU inpatients, but levels were seldom abnormal and rarely resulted in changes in clinical management. These findings raise concerns about resource overutilization and provide a target for more judicious laboratory ordering practices.
Mycorrhizal Dependency of Alcaparro (Senna pistaciifolia Kunth) at Three Concentrations of Soil Solution Phosphorus
Authors: Sierra Escoba Jorge Alberto , Castro Restrepo Dagoberto , Osorio Vega Nelson Walter 
Published: January 2015

A greenhouse bioassay was carried out to determine the mycorrhizal dependency of alcaparro (Senna pistaciifolia Kunth). A randomized complete experimental design was employed, with six treatments in a factorial arrangement 3x2; the treatments consisted of three levels in soil solution phosphorus (P) (0.002, 0.02, and 0.2 mg L-1) combined with two levels of mycorrhizal inoculation either uninoculated or inoculated with Glomus agreggatum. The variables studied were leaf P content as a function of time, shoot dry matter, shoot P content, mycorrhizal colonization of roots, and the mycorrhizal dependency (MD). The results indicate that the leaf P content increased significantly with the mycorrhizal inoculation in alcaparro to 0.02 mg L-1 after the second sampling days, but not in the other soil P levels. Likewise, shoot dry weight increased significantly at 0.02 mg L-1. On the other hand, the total plant P content increase at all levels of soil available P. The mycorrhizal colonization in alcaparro roots was 11, 23, and 0% at 0.02, 0.002 and 0.2 mg of P L-1, respectively. The MD for alcaparro was 32%, which allow classify this specie as moderately dependent on the mycorrhizal association.
First occurrence of Schistostemon (Urb.) Cuatrec. (Humiriaceae) in states of Roraima and Pará, Brazil
Authors: Holanda Ana Sofia Sousa de , Zartman Charles Eugene , Hopkins Michael John Gilbert , Valsko Jefferson José , Krahl Amauri Herbert 
Published: January 2015

Schistostemon is recorded for the first time in the States of Roraima and Pará extending its distribution to a new northern limit within Brazilian territory.
New locality records and geographic distribution map of Dendropsophus meridensis (Rivero, 1961) (Anura: Hylidae) in the Andes of Venezuela
Authors: Armesto Luis Orlando , Quilarque Evelin , Rojas-Runjaic Fernando J. M. 
Published: January 2015

Dendropsophus meridensis is a medium-sized treefrog endemic to the Cordillera de Mérida in the Venezuelan Andes. The geographic distribution of this species is poorly known, and only 10 localities known in the literature. Most of these localities do not have associated geographic coordinates and altitude. In this note we provide eight new locality records and a geographic distribution map of D. meridensis, based on field work, revision of Venezuelan museum collections, and species distribution modeling. Three of these new localities were found after performing species distribution modeling. Additionally, some comments on natural history and color variation are included.
Freski o tematyce maryjnej z katakumb św. Pryscylli jako zapis wczesnochrześcijańskiej pobożności
Authors: Witos Barbara 
Published: January 2015

Malarstwo katakumbowe stanowi najstarszy przekład rzymskiej sztuki chrześcijańskiej. Na freskach z rzymskich katakumb Maryja była ukazywana albo jako Matka Jezusa, albo jako orantka. Najczęściej spotykany obraz z Maryją w roli głównej to scena przedstawiająca Hołd Magów vel Mędrców ze Wschodu. Fresk o tej tematyce znajdujemy na ścianach kilku katakumb, w tym m.in.: Pryscylli, Piotra i Marcelina, Domicylli, Agnieszki, Kaliksta. Innym powtarzającym się motywem jest Madonna z Dzieciątkiem – spotykamy go m.in. u Pryscylli, św. Walentyna i w Cimiterium Maius (znanym jako katakumby św. Agnieszki). Umieszczony na suficie podziemnego korytarza w katakumbach Pryscylli fresk ukazujący Maryję z Dzieciątkiem uznawany jest za najstarszy wizerunek Maryi z katakumb rzymskich. W katakumbach spotykamy także sceny obrazujące wydarzenia z życia Maryi, stanowiące ilustracje wybranych perykop Nowego Testamentu. Do najbardziej znanych należy obrazowanie sceny zwiastowania z katakumb Pryscylli oraz sceny nawiedzenia z katakumb św. Walentyna. Dzisiaj uważa się, że najstarsze freski maryjne pochodzą dopiero z końca II wieku. Do IV wieku Maryja była przedstawiana zawsze w towarzystwie Syna. Sztuka wczesnochrześcijańska łączyła postać Maryi z tajemnicą wcielenia Jezusa. Obrazowano Maryję, by podkreślić ludzką naturę Syna Bożego. Kult Maryi był zależny od kultu Jezusa, nie istniał jako samodzielny.
Significado de la beatificación de los mártires del siglo XX en España en el Año de la Fe
Authors: Balcells Jaume Pujol 
Published: January 2015

Beatyfikacja męczenników hiszpańskich, która miała miejsce 13 października 2013 roku, w Roku Wiary, była wydarzeniem obejmującym największą dotychczas liczbę męczenników wyniesionych jednorazowo do chwały ołtarzy. Bez trudu można dostrzec jej związek ze świadectwem męczenników trzeciego wieku. Wszyscy oni oddali życie ze względu na Chrystusa. Przebaczyli swoim mordercom. Ich chwała jest głoszeniem pojednania i lekcją dla wszystkich chrześcijan. Odwaga męczenników nie była ich zasługą, ale łaską daną im przez Chrystusa. Ich męczeństwo ujawnia ich zjednoczenie z Chrystusem, Bogiem Ojcem i Duchem Świętym i niesie budujące orędzie dla współczesnych chrześcijan.
The first male of the extinct bee tribe Melikertini (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. , Breitkreuz Laura C.V. , Ohl Michael 
Published: January 2015

The first male bee of the extinct corbiculate tribe Melikertini Engel (Apinae) is described and figured. Mochlomelikertes hoffeinsorum Engel, Breitkreuz, & Ohl, new genus and species, is easily distinguished from other groups within the tribe based on unique male modifications as well as a distinctive forewing venation. Some melikertines are famous for their peculiar modifications and processes, specifically the uniquely enlarged clypeal protrusions found in the genus Succinapis Engel. Mochlomelikertes hoffeinsorum has its own singularly bizarre modifications, particularly an elongate, narrow extension of the mesoscutellum which projects posteriorly over the metanotum, propodeum, and part of the metasoma. The significance of these structures is briefly discussed.
Validation of some species- and genus-group names in <i>Melitta</i> (Hymenoptera: Melittidae)
Authors: Michez Denis , Kuhlmann Michael , Dellicour Simon 
Published: January 2015

Four recently proposed names in the genus Melitta Kirby (Melittidae: Melittinae) were left as nomenclaturally unavailable owing to minor conflicts with the recently established criteria for electronic publication. These oversights are here corrected, thereby validating the following new names: Melitta (Afromelitta) Michez & Kuhlmann, new subgenus; Melitta (Afromelitta) richtersveldensis Michez & Kuhlmann, new species; Melitta (Plesiomelitta) Michez & Kuhlmann, new subgenus; and M. (Plesiomelitta) avontuurensis Michez & Kuhlmann, new species.
Saxagliptin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Moderate or Severe Renal Impairment: Observations From the SAVOR-TIMI 53 Trial
Authors: Udell Jacob A. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Braunwald Eugene , Cavender Matthew A. , Mosenzon Ofri , Steg Ph. Gabriel , Davidson Jaime A. , Nicolau Jose C. , Corbalan Ramon , Hirshberg Boaz , Frederich Robert , Im KyungAh , Umez-Eronini Amarachi A. , He Ping , McGuire Darren K. , Leiter Lawrence A. , Raz Itamar , Scirica Benjamin M. 
Published: January 2015

OBJECTIVE
The glycemic management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and renal impairment is challenging, with few treatment options. We investigated the effect of saxagliptin in the Saxagliptin Assessment of Vascular Outcomes Recorded in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (SAVOR)-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 53 trial according to baseline renal function.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients with T2DM at risk for cardiovascular events were stratified as having normal or mildly impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] &gt;50 mL/min/1.73 m2; n = 13,916), moderate renal impairment (eGFR 30–50 mL/min/1.73 m2; n = 2,240), or severe renal impairment (eGFR &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2; n = 336) and randomized to receive saxagliptin or placebo. The primary end point was cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke.

RESULTS
After a median duration of 2 years, saxagliptin neither increased nor decreased the risk of the primary and secondary composite end points compared with placebo, irrespective of renal function (all P for interactions ≥0.19). Overall, the risk of hospitalization for heart failure among the three eGFR groups of patients was 2.2% (referent), 7.4% (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.38 [95% CI 1.95–2.91], P &lt; 0.001), and 13.0% (adjusted HR 4.59 [95% CI 3.28–6.28], P &lt; 0.001), respectively. The relative risk of hospitalization for heart failure with saxagliptin was similar (P for interaction = 0.43) in patients with eGFR &gt;50 mL/min/1.73 m2 (HR 1.23 [95% CI 0.99–1.55]), eGFR 30–50 mL/min/1.73 m2 (HR 1.46 [95% CI 1.07–2.00]), and in patients with eGFR &lt;30 (HR 0.94 [95% CI 0.52–1.71]). Patients with renal impairment achieved reductions in microalbuminuria with saxagliptin (P = 0.041) that were similar to those of the overall trial population.

CONCLUSIONS
Saxagliptin did not affect the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events, increased the risk of heart failure hospitalization, and reduced progressive albuminuria, irrespective of baseline renal function.
Cumulative Loads Increase at the Knee Joint With Slow-Speed Running Compared to Faster Running: A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Petersen Jesper , Sørensen Henrik , Nielsen Rasmus Østergaard 
Published: January 2015

Study Design Biomechanical cross-sectional study. Objective To investigate the hypothesis that the cumulative load at the knee during running increases as running speed decreases. Background The knee joint load per stride decreases as running speed decreases. However, by decreasing running speed, the number of strides per given distance is increased. Running a given distance at a slower speed may increase the cumulative load at the knee joint compared with running the same distance at a higher speed, hence increasing the risk of running-related injuries in the knee. Methods Kinematic and ground reaction force data were collected from 16 recreational runners, during steady-state running with a rearfoot strike pattern at 3 different speeds (mean ± SD): 8.02 ± 0.17 km/h, 11.79 ± 0.21 km/h, and 15.78 ± 0.22 km/h. The cumulative load (cumulative impulse) over a 1000-m distance was calculated at the knee joint on the basis of a standard 3-D inverse-dynamics approach. Results Based on a 1000-m running distance, the cumulative load at the knee was significantly higher at a slow running speed than at a high running speed (relative difference, 80%). The mean load per stride at the knee increased significantly across all biomechanical parameters, except impulse, following an increase in running speed. Conclusion Slow-speed running decreases knee joint loads per stride and increases the cumulative load at the knee joint for a given running distance compared to faster running. The primary reason for the increase in cumulative load at slower speeds is an increase in number of strides needed to cover the same distance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(4):316–322. Epub 1 Jan 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5469