bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2661 – Psychometric Properties of the Russian Version of the Stress Vulnerability Questionnaire - 23QVS (Serra, 2000), in a Sample of 556 Russian-Speaking Immigrants in Portugal
Authors: Monteiro A.A. , Vaz-Serra A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:In literature, individual vulnerability to stress is a predictive factor of a higher risk of developing stress-related disorders and mental health problems. The Stress Vulnerability Questionnaire (23QVS; Serra, 2000, 2004) is a 23-item scale, measuring vulnerability to emotional and social adverse and stressful situations, and overall life satisfaction.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of a Russian version of the 23QVS in a sample of Russian-speaking immigrants residing in Portugal.Methods:The 23QVS was administered to Russian-speaking immigrants in 12 Local Immigrant Support Centers in Portugal, along with a number of other self-report tests as part of a larger mental health status immigrants' study.Results:The Russian version of the 23QVS has an internally consistent measure Cronbach's α, 710 for the total scale (Item 7 was excluded). PCA was carried out in order to re-examine the factor structure of the scale. Seven factors were identified, overall matching the ones foreseen by the author of the scale.Conclusions:The findings suggest that the Russian version of the 23 QVS addressed adequately the original concepts and dimensions, and demonstrated a high level of equivalence with the original version.
2679 – A Mixed Methods Approach: Perception and Practice in Managing Schizophrenia in Malaysia Among Levels of Service Provider in Hospital
Authors: Wan Husin W.A.I. , Rashid R. , Amer Nordin A. , Hasan S.I. , Ramli N. , Ahmad Zahari M.M. , Habil H. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives:The aim of this study is to investigate the “Hospital Service providers” perception, attitude and actual practice in managing schizophrenia in Malaysia.Method:In this study, it was designed as a mixed -methods study. in the first phase, quantitative surveys have been implemented among 42 service providers. in the second phase, the descriptive qualitative study method was also used.Result:The questionnaires designed to gather the data relating to the respondent satisfied in managing Schizophrenia in Malaysia. Thirty five (or 83.3%) of the respondents are satisfied with the current Schizophrenic overall management, but twenty one (or 50.1%) of the respondents does not satisfy with current psychosocial interventions available in Malaysia. The qualitative found that, the psychiatrists responded that they are satisfied with current use of atypical antipsychotic in the hospitals but they are concerned with the lack of community services particularly in the university hospitals. The medical officers and general practitioners responded that they received many patients who were brought by their families to see them in outpatient clinic. However, many doctors failed to diagnose the disorder as they have a lack of training in diagnosing mental illness diseases. This is mainly due to misperception about mental illness particularly in rural areas among the Malay population.Conclusion:The study concluded that more community awareness program needs to be done which emphasis on mental illness to reduce the duration of untreated illness and ensure active roles of family members in supervision of treatment.
2711 – Trajectory of Comorbidity in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: de Mathis A. , Diniz J. , Shavitt R. , do Rosário M.C. , Miguel E. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms may begin at any point of the life span. Comorbid psychiatric disorders in OCD is more a rule than an exception and can contribute to the OCD-related burden.Objectives:The goal of this study is to understand the trajectory of comorbid disorders in OCD according to the first manifested psychiatric disorder and their impact in the clinical manifestation of OCD and.Methods:1001 consecutive OCD outpatients from the Brazilian Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Consortium were evaluated. Inclusion criterion: OCD as the main psychiatric diagnosis (DSM-IV). Exclusion criteria: comorbid schizophrenia and mental retardation. The instruments applied were: SCID-I; Y-BOCS; DY-BOCS, YGTSS (significant level =5%). To investigate the age at comorbidities onset Bayesian approach was performed. Those distributions contain all the information obtained by the data for the mean age at onset.Results:OCD patients that presented separation anxiety disorder (N=175, age of onset SAD 5.35) as first diagnosis had higher frequency of social phobia, simples phobia, generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder (78.3%; p=0.05), somatoform disorders (13.1%; p=0.05) and post-traumatic stress disorder (30.3% p=0.003). OCD patients that presented ADHD (N=50, age of onset ADHD 6.42; age of onset OCD 13.08) as first diagnosis had higher frequency of substance abuse (16.0%; p=0.00001). OCD patients that presented tic disorders (N=44, age of onset tic disorder 6.86; age of onset OCD 16.18) as first diagnosis had higher frequency of OC spectrum disorders (50.0%; p=0.03).Conclusion:First psychopathological manifestation in OCD patients is associated with distinct long-term trajectory of comorbid psychiatric disorders.
2712 – Boufée délirante in the Contemporary Psychiatric Nosology: A Case Control
Authors: Teixeira B. , Venâncio Â. , Araújo M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The French nosological concept of bouffée délirante (literally “delusional flush or rush”) may define a subgroup of non-affective, acute remitting psychoses with an especially favourable prognosis. To date, relatively little published literature is available about this entity.Objectives:To discuss the concept, nosological status, diagnostic features and associated clinical characteristics of bouffée délirante.Aims:A case report of bouffée délirante is described. The concept and clinical features of the condition are reviewed.Methods:A case report is presented in detail and a literature review of the theme is surveyed.Results:The authors report a case of a 48-year-old woman with no psychiatric background until November 2011 when she developed a sudden onset of persecutory delusions concerning her colleagues and boss. She believed computers and televisions were under their control and that her daughter and husband were in danger. This information was given by the voices she believed to hear. During one week, she developed behavior disturbance that motivated her urgent evaluation. As she was admitted to our department, she showed herself defensive and hostile. During the first day in our ward she described a delusion of Capgras, but the symptoms were rapidly overtook with low doses of antipsychotic.Conclusions:Bouffée délirante is a historic French diagnostic term used in the past to describe a short-lived psychosis. The term was substituted differently in ICD-10 (described as acute and transient psychotic disorders) and DSM-IV-TR (brief psychotic disorder). The key diagnostic features are acute, floridly psychotic symptoms with complete remission.
2720 – Before and after Acceding to a&e Departments by Migrants: Data from a 1-Year Observation
Authors: Gazzoletti E. , Reggianini C. , Ferrari S. , Mattei G. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Hospital A&E departments are the most frequent access to healthcare among migrants, often accounting for improper admissions. This also impacts massively on delivery of psychiatric care and prevention, making it hard to provide a health program, and not just solving an acute situation.Objective:To analyze admissions to the A&E by migrants, focusing on previous medical/psychiatric history and health program after discharge.Methods:Electronic databases were searched for all migrants accessing the A&E departments of the two general hospitals in Modena, Italy, during 2010.Results:Of the patients evaluated in the A&E, 10.24% were migrants. For 5% of these, the reason for admission was psychiatric, for 36% non-psychiatric (mostly traumatic); for the remaining 56%, admission was due to mild somatic symptoms, possibly medically unexplained symptoms suggestive of somatization (i.e. 16.59% gastro-intestinal symptoms, 10.92% joint pains).Only 32% of the migrants accessing because of explicit psychiatric reasons (attempted suicide, alcohol abuse, aggressiveness) were investigated by a psychiatrist. After the psychiatric consultation, 35% of patients were referred to community mental health centers, 20% to psychiatric wards, 22% to primary care, 6% to services for substance abuse.Conclusions:Migrants in the A&E are referred to psychiatry only for severe psychopathology and disturbances, very rarely for symptoms suggestive of somatization, which are particularly difficult to recognize in the A&E: this may result in delay in diagnosis and chronicization.
2721 – Effect of Some Meteorological Factors on Suicidal Behavior in Daejon, Korea
Authors: Kim P.S. , Lee C.H. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:In many cultures, weather and season have been thought to influence our physical and mental health. However studies of the effect of meteorological factors on suicidal behavior have yielded inconclusive and often contradictory results. Furthermore, little attention has been paid to weather is associated with suicide in Asian countries as shown in Western countries, even though suicide rates in Korea have increased steadily.Objectives:To study the effect of weather condition on suicidal behavior in Daejon, Korea. in this study, suicidal attempters who had visited the Eulji Medical Center were included.Aims:The aim of this study is to further explore the differential effect of certain climatic factors on suicidal attempt probabilities in Daejon, Korea between 2009 and 2011.Methods:Three-year data of suicidal attempts within Daejon, Korea were analysed in relation to meteorological data, which were measured at the Daejon Meteorological Administration. Data on suicidal attempt and weather were matched.Results:Our study indicates that temperature and duration of sunshine are significant associated with the suicidal attempts (p < 0.05). These correlation were independent of age and sex.Conclusions:Within the interaction of biological and environmental influences in the development of suicidal ideation and behavior, some weather conditions may additionally contribute to the risk of suicidal attempt.
2722 – Training in Preventive Psychiatry: A Survey of Early Career Psychiatrists from 36 Countries
Authors: Sampogna G. , De Rosa C. , Del Gaudio L. , Del Vecchio V. , Luciano M. , Fiorillo A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The practice of early interventions in psychiatry has became one of the most prevalent paradigms in modern psychiatry. in the routine care the dissemination remains frustratingly slow. However, little is known about the characteristics of training curricula.Aims:To describe:1)characteristics of training on prevention and early intervention in psychiatry;2)organizational and clinical differences of early intervention services in the different countries;3)trainees’ satisfaction and management of patients with mental disorders.Methods:Sixty early career psychiatrists have been invited to participate in the survey, recruited from the early career psychiatrists’ network of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA). Respondents were asked to provide the collective input of their trainees’ associations, and not the individual feedback of any officer of the association.Results:36 out of 60 invited countries compiled the questionnaire. University training programs in early intervention for mental disorders are provided in 21 out of 36 countries (58%). Half of early career psychiatrists feel completely or enough confident to provide specialistic interventions to patients during early stages or at the onset of the disorder. Fifty-three percent of respondents are not satisfied with training on preventive psychiatry. Early intervention services most frequently available are those for schizophrenia (76%). Informative campaigns on mental disorders are usually conducted in 33 countries (87%).Conclusions:A huge variability exists as regards early intervention training and practice. Further efforts are needed in order to establish training programs according to the educational needs of trainees and early career psychiatrists.
2725 – The Impact of Perceived Insecurity on Patients' Well-being: A Study in 24 Mental Health Centres
Authors: De Rosa C. , Sampogna G. , Del Gaudio L. , Del Vecchio V. , Luciano M. , Fiorillo A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The recent global crisis as well as the increasing crimes’ rates have been claimed to be a factor of mental distress and disturbance.Objectives:To describe the levels of insecurity and the fear of crime in a sample of patients with mental disorders with a sample of mental health professionals.Methods:The study has been carried out in 24 Italian mental health centres. in each centre 20 patients and 20 mental health professionals have been recruited. Clinical status and social functioning have been evaluated with the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), the Hamilton Anxiety scale (HAM-A) and the Hamilton Depression scale (HAM-D). Fear of crime and insecurity have been assessed by Perceived Insecurity Questionnaire (PIQ).Results:The final sample consists of 426 patients. They are mostly female (70%), employed and married, with a diagnosis of mood disorder (52%). High levels of worries/insecurity at the PIQ are reported by 42% of patients. Perceived insecurity is associated with higher levels of HAM-A and HAM-D. Nearly all respondents report to have worries or fears about the future (93%), in particular as regards bereavement or loss (41%), economic difficulties (28%), mental or physical illness (26%). in multiple regression model, worries about the economic situation are more frequent in person who are male, young, married and with more than two children.Conclusions:The results suggest an association between perceived insecurity with anxiety and depression. Further studies are needed to better understand this association and to develop educational programs on stress and mental disorders.
2733 – Quetiapine for the Treatment of Cocaine Dependence
Authors: Tapp A. , Wood A. , Sylvers P. , Kilzieh N. , Saxon A. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Cocaine abuse continues to be epidemic, and yet there are no FDA approved medications for the treatment of cocaine use disorders within the United States.Methods:This 12-week, prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study examined the effectiveness of quetiapine (Seroquel XRTM) versus matched placebo for the treatment of cocaine dependence in non-psychotic individuals. Sixty Individuals with a diagnosis of cocaine dependence were randomized in this study. Those who were randomized to quetiapine (N=29) were titrated up to a target dose of 400 mg/day of quetiapine, while those in the placebo arm (N=31) were given a matched placebo. All subjects had weekly clinic visits and a cognitive-behavioral therapy group session. Outcome measures included questionnaires of cocaine use, money spent on cocaine, and urine drug screens (UDS).Results:The drop-out rate was substantial at 68%, however there were no group differences between the two arms of the study. Using a repeat measures ANCOVA, as a whole, the subjects in this study improved by reducing their self-reported use of cocaine (p=.018) and self reported money spent on cocaine (p=.041) over the course of the study. However, the quetiapine group was not significantly different from the placebo group. in addition, cox regression analyses yielded non-significant differences (p = .65) between groups in predicting sobriety, as defined as three weeks negative UDS.Conclusions:This study did not find group differences between the quetiapine and placebo arms, indicating that quetiapine does not appear to be beneficial in the treatment of cocaine dependence.
2735 – Suicide in Physicians: An Overview
Authors: Paraschakis A. , Michopoulos I. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Physicians have an increased risk of dying by suicide in comparison with the general population.Objectives:This difference has been studied in the literature.Aims:To present the characteristics of this phenomenon.Methods:Literature review using Medline and hand search of relevant articles.Results:The suicide risk is slightly higher for male and substantially higher for female physicians in comparison with the general population (relative risk 1.1-3.4 and 2.5-5.7 respectively). It also varies from 1.5-3.8 in males and 3.7-4.5 in females as compared with other professionals. Depression, drug & alcohol abuse problems, history of prior attempts, availability of method (drugs), physical illness, burn-out syndrome, interpersonal difficulties and loneliness constitute risk factors. Physicians rarely do “unsuccessful” attempts and most commonly die by drug poisoning. This may be due to the fact that they have easy access to drugs, knowing better their lethal doses. Anesthesiologists, Psychiatrists and General Practitioners have the highest risk. The increased risk in female physicians is concerning given the rising number of women in the medical profession. However, as poor status integration has been proposed as an explanation, their increasing proportion in the medical workforce could hopefully help reverse this trend.Conclusions:Physicians -particularly female- present high risk of suicide. Adequate services of counseling, support and care that provide anonymity and confidentiality should be the cornerstones of preventive efforts. The last are complicated by the fact that restriction in the main suicide method (drugs) seems a hardly applicable preventive measure in this population.
2740 – Diminished Responsibility in England and Wales: Historical and Current Perspectives
Authors: Patil P. , Rasquinha N. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Diminished Responsibility has formed an important aspect of the law of homicide in England and Wales since 1957. It acts as a partial defence to murder and if successful, reduces the charge to manslaughter. Despite operating for over fifty years in England and Wales, it was subjected to regular criticism leading to the enactment of a revised plea.Aims and objectives:This paper examines diminished responsibility, the elements of the revised plea and its legal/ clinical impact.Summary:The core components of the old plea involved abnormality of mind substantially impairing mental responsibility. However, the obscure wording, the lack of psychiatrically recognized concepts and expert-jury role confusion led to a number of proposed reforms to the plea. The revised plea which came into force in 2010 consists of four limbs- abnormality of mental functioning, recognized medical condition, substantial impairment of mental ability and an explanation/causation requirement.Conclusions:Although the new plea has intended to accommodate medical advances and modernize and clarify the law, its scope has been largely narrowed. Academics have criticized the explanation/causation requirement for being too complex to prove and so restrictive that satisfying an insanity plea might be easier. Concern has been expressed that more contested cases and murder convictions would result from this restriction in the plea's scope. Cases such as mercy-killing and battered spouses which previously could be dealt with ‘sympathetically’, might now be excluded. Interestingly, role confusion continues to be present with medical experts treading onto the jury's territory, opining on legal issues.
2742 – A Prospective Comparative Study of Risperidone Long-Acting Injection For Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia with Dopamine Supersensitivity Psychosis
Authors: Kimura H. , Kanahara N. , Komatsu N. , Ishige M. , Muneoka K. , Yoshimura M. , Yamanaka H. , Suzuki T. , Komatsu H. , Sekine Y. , Watanabe H. , Iyo M. 
Published: July 2013

Backgrounds:Although treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is a highly heterogeneous disorder, an established and efficacious treatment for those patients to date is pharmacotherapy with clozapine. Dopamine supersensitivity psychosis (DSP) is characterized by profound unstable positive symptoms and tardive dyskinesia, and its mechanism is related to up-regulation of dopamine D2 receptors (DRD2) which can be induced by long-term treatment with antipsychotics. Patients with DSP take generally excessive high dosages of neuroleptics and thus meet easily the criteria of TRS. A drug with secure and stable pharmacokinetic, which can keep an appropriate blockade of DRD2, may contribute to amelioration and prevention of the dopamine supersensitivity state. Risperidone long-acting injection (RLAI) is a candidate agent which meets this hypothesis.Methods:For 115 patients with TRS, we divided them into two groups; the one is those with a history of DSP and the other is without DSP, and treatment with RLAI was conducted for 12-month duration. This is an observational study which did not control concomitant medications or dosage of RLAI.Results:Clinical symptomatology and medications at baseline did not differ between the two groups. The results from the final analysis for remaining 95 patients revealed that the group with DSP showed greater improvements in the change of BPRS total score than the group without DSP.Conclusions:These results suggested strongly that the dopamine supersensitivity state could be related partly with the etiology of TRS. An atypical agent with long half-life time such as RLAI, can provide beneficial effect for patients with DSP.
2755 – The Metabolic Syndrome in Untreated Schizophrenia Patients: Prevalence and Suggested Mechanisms
Authors: Reddy S. , Goudie C. , Agius M. 
Published: July 2013

The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of markers which often coexist in patients, each representing an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. It is established that the prevalence of MetS among schizophrenic patients is greatly increased compared to the general population. This effect is mostly attributed to use of atypical antipsychotic medications, however questions also exist over whether schizophrenia itself can contribute more directly to metabolic dysfunction. Indeed metabolic disturbances were common in mental illness as early as 1879, many years before the implementation of antipsychotic medications.We evaluated the link between MetS and schizophrenia which is independent of antipsychotics, by conducting a systematic literature search of Pubmed (2002-2012) for studies of drug-naive and first episode patients. 12 papers met our criteria, from which 893 patients were evaluated. An average prevalence of MetS across these studies was 10.8%. We found that there are very few data to suggest that the incidence of MetS is increased in first episode and drug naive adult patients with schizophrenia. It appears, however, that schizophrenia does increase some components of MetS, such as diabetes.Many contributory mechanisms have been proposed for the observed metabolic dysregulation in schizophrenic patients. There include hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction, sympathetic nervous system dysfunction, proinflammatory states and several genetic mutations, however much controversy exists in this area.There is a huge cardiovascular burden on schizophrenic patients, accounting for 50% of natural excess deaths. It is crucial, therefore, to establish the causes and optimal management of MetS in schizophrenia.