bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus fertiliser is associated with reduced grass grub (Costelytra giveni) fitness in Epichloë endophyte‐infected meadow fescue and perennial ryegrass
Authors: Hewitt Katrin G. , Hofmann Rainer W. , Ball Olivier J. , Luo Dongwen , Finch Sarah C. , Bryant Racheal H. , Popay Alison J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFertiliser applications are well‐established tools in pasture‐based agricultural landscapes. This study focuses on the impact of phosphorus (P) fertiliser on grass grub (Costelytra giveni), a major pasture pest. This research investigates the interplay between P, plant growth, and grass grub fitness in Epichloë endophyte‐infected perennial ryegrass (Epichloë sp. LpTG‐3 strain AR37) and meadow fescue infected with E. uncinata (strain MaxR; AR1017), alongside their endophyte‐free counterparts. In a glasshouse trial, plants were grown in P‐enriched soil with varying Olsen P levels (9, 18, 28 or 78 mg L−1), and grass grubs were introduced. Their survival and weight gain, and plant performance were measured. In a bioassay, grass grubs were placed in specimen vials with P‐enriched soils (Olsen P levels 9, 18, 28 and 78 mg L−1) and provided with identical plant material to assess their diet consumption and weight gain.RESULTSIn the glasshouse trial, results highlighted a notable decrease in the survival of grass grub on plants infected with MaxR endophyte, but not with AR37, as well as increasing soil Olsen P levels in both plant species. While grass grub decreased plant performance at the low Olsen P level (9 mg L−1), this effect diminished with increasing P. Likewise, results from the bioassay showed a decrease in diet consumption with increasing soil Olsen P levels. In both trials increasing Olsen P levels correlated with diminished grass grub performance, revealing a nuanced relationship between soil fertility and pest dynamics.CONCLUSIONThe study underscores the pivotal role of selected Epichloë endophyte–grass associations in mitigating grass grub damage across varying phosphorus levels. This study highlights the potential to integrate P applications for sustainable pest control against grass grub. Further field trials are required to validate these findings. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Assessing natural and human‐induced river corridor changes using object‐based image analysis (Orljava River, Croatia)
Authors: Pavlek Katarina , Gašparović Mateo , Poeppl Ronald E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study employs object‐based image analysis to investigate land cover dynamics and channel changes in the managed corridor of the Orljava River following anthropogenic vegetation removal and a flood event. By classifying RGB and near‐infrared (NIR) images from the decade 2011–2021, five land cover classes within the river corridor were mapped: water, bare soil, sparse vegetation, dense vegetation, and shadows. A digital surface model generated from the images was used to differentiate between bare river channel units (river sediments) and bare soil in the floodplain, as well as to identify high vegetation, while agricultural land was classified manually. The study identified two main phases of river corridor changes, driven by a significant flood event in 2014. In the period 2011–2014, which includes the flood event, a substantial increase in the areas covered by water and river sediments was observed. The most notable decrease was in the bare soil class (90%), which primarily covered riverbanks and adjacent areas in 2011 after vegetation removal. In addition, the formation of large in‐channel bars due to sediment accumulation and significant channel migration was recorded. In the second phase (2014–2021), lower discharges facilitated gradual channel recovery, characterized by channel narrowing and an increase in dense and high vegetation. This study demonstrates the high reliability of object‐based classification in mapping river corridor units using optical photogrammetric data. Furthermore, it highlights the deficiencies in inadequate river management practices that led to considerable bank erosion and a loss of agricultural land.
How science teachers deal with STEM education: An explorative study from the lens of curriculum ideology
Authors: Tan Lihua , Wei Bing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo gain a holistic understanding of how science teachers dealt with STEM education, this study explored two science teachers’ perceptions and practices at primary schools via the lens of curriculum ideology. By examining their perceptions and practices from six essential aspects (i.e., aim, content, student, teaching, learning, and assessment), we aim to provide deeper insights into what STEM education visions they have, why they promote it, and how they enact it in primary school settings. Combining deductive and inductive approaches, we analyzed data collected from multiple sources, including two rounds of semi‐structured interviews, field notes of school visits, artifact like students’ works, and documents like lesson plans and classroom videotapes. Results showed that the two teachers dealt with STEM education differently: one focused on teaching how to think and work as scientists or engineers with a scholar‐academic orientation, whereas the other was devoted to laying a foundation for students’ development and future lives with a learner‐centered orientation. Based on different value stances and aims, two teachers conceptualize STEM education and translate it into school courses and instructional activities differently, leading to varying degrees of curriculum integration, distinct cognitions of worthwhile content, and different teaching orientations. These findings have implications for researchers and practitioners to comprehend and reflect on how teachers deal with the issues involved in STEM education in school settings. The identified tensions and harmonies between different orientations provide insights into coordinating different values and interests to promote STEM education.
Greening Mexican manufacturing: Examining the role of SMEs in environmental preservation through green business strategies, eco‐innovation, and corporate social responsibility
Authors: Esparza Ma. Mónica Gloria Clara Castillo , Madrid‐Guijarro Antonia , Maldonado‐Guzman Gonzalo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe productive activities of manufacturing companies cause severe damage to the environment. In this sense, this research focuses on the actions carried out by implementing a green business strategy (GBS) and its influence on eco‐innovation and environmental performance in Mexican manufacturing small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) to care for and protect the environment. The model introduces eco‐innovation and corporate social responsibility (CSR) as mediating and moderating factors in the relationship between GBS and environmental performance. An empirical study was carried out on 299 SMEs. Data analysis was made using structural equations and the Smart PLS‐SEM program. The findings confirm (1) the positive influence that GBS exerts on eco‐innovation practices and environmental performance in this kind of companies, identifying a significant mediating effect linked to eco‐innovation, and (2) a positive moderating effect linked to CSR on the relationship between GBS and environmental performance. GBS is a powerful tool that works synergistically with eco‐innovation and CSR to protect the environment from management. This research is a basis for managers and government officials to adopt eco‐innovation and CSR strategically through the GBS, as it guarantees environmental protection in the manufacturing industry.
First‐Principle Calculation of the Hydrogen Adsorption and Diffusion Characteristics at an Ni3Al/Ni Interface
Authors: Du Xiaoming , Li Siyu , Li Fu , Zhu Guosong 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of hydrogen embrittlement often leads to significant fracturing in materials. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the interactions of hydrogen and its effects on material properties is essential. In this study, first‐principle calculations based on density functional theory are conducted to investigate the adsorption and diffusion characteristics of hydrogen at the Ni/Ni3Al(γ/γ') interface of a Ni‐based single‐crystal superalloy. The results show that hydrogen can stably adsorb onto the γ/γ′ interface, nearby octahedral interstitial sites, and tetrahedral interstitial sites in the γ‐phase. Analysis of the density of states and charge density confirms that the hydrogen atoms formed covalent bonds and ionic bonds with nearby Al atoms. A transition state structure search based on linear synchronous transit (LST) and quadratic synchronous transit (QST) models is utilized to calculate the diffusion paths and energy barriers of the hydrogen atoms between the stable adsorption sites near the interface. In addition, the permeation characteristics of hydrogen atoms at the interface are analyzed. Furthermore, it is confirmed that hydrogen atoms entering the matrix from the interface preferentially occupy the positions of the regular octahedral interstitial sites, diffuse towards adjacent regular 6Ni octahedral interstitial sites through the inclined octahedral interstitial sites between the atomic layers, and converge at the interface.
Energy‐Saving Ambient Electrosynthesis of Nylon‐6 Precursor Coupled with Electrocatalytic Upcycling of Polyethylene Terephthalate
Authors: Sheng Youwei , Yang Ruidong , Xie Jiangwei , Yu Hongjie , Deng Kai , Wang Ziqiang , Wang Hongjing , Wang Liang , Xu You 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCyclohexanone oxime is an important intermediate in the chemical industry, especially for the manufacture of nylon‐6. The traditional cyclohexanone oxime production strongly relies on cyclohexanone‐hydroxylamine and cyclohexanone ammoxidation processes, which require harsh reaction conditions and consume considerable amounts of energy. Herein, direct electrosynthesis of cyclohexanone oxime is reported from environmental pollutants nitrite and cyclohexanone with almost 100% yield by using low‐cost Cu2Se nanosheets as electrocatalysts. Combination of in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations verifies that the p–d orbital hybridization between Cu and Se elements could synergistically optimize the surface electronic structure and enable improved adsorption and formation of the key active N intermediate NH2OH*, thereby enhancing cyclohexanone/nitrite‐to‐cyclohexanone oxime conversion over the Cu2Se nanosheets. Based on these, an efficient asymmetric co‐electrolysis system is further demonstrated by coupling cyclohexanone/nitrite‐to‐cyclohexanone oxime conversion with the upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate plastics, achieveing energy‐saving simultaneously production of value‐added products (cyclohexanone oxime and glycolic acid).
Hierarchical Nanostructures Constructed by Soft Epitaxial Self‐Assembly of Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Giant Amphiphiles
Authors: Kang Dong‐Gue , Kook Yun‐Bae , Kim In‐Soo , Rim Minwoo , Ko Hyeyoon , Hsu Chih‐Hao , Wang Chien‐Lung , Ryu Ki‐Hyun , Kim Dae‐Yoon , Jeong Kwang‐Un 
Published: August 2024

Abstract2D nanomaterials with ångström‐scale thicknesses offer a unique platform for confining molecules at an unprecedentedly small scale, presenting novel opportunities for modulating material properties and probing microscopic phenomena. In this study, mesogen‐tethered polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) amphiphiles with varying numbers of mesogenic tails to systematically influence molecular self‐assembly and the architecture of the ensuing supramolecular structures, are synthesized. These organic‐inorganic hybrid amphiphiles facilitate precise spatial arrangement and directional alignment of the primary molecular units within highly ordered supramolecular structures. The correlation between molecular design and the formation of superlattices through comprehensive structural analyses, incorporating molecular thermodynamics and kinetics, is explored. The distinct intermolecular interactions of the POSS core and the mesogenic tails drive the preferential formation of a 2D inorganic sublattice while simultaneously guiding the hierarchical assembly of organic lamellae via soft epitaxy. The findings reveal the intricate balance between shape, size, and interaction strengths of the inorganic and organic components, and how these factors collectively influence the structural hierarchy of the superstructures, which consist of multiple sublattices. By controlling this unique molecular behavior, it is possible to modulate or maximize the anisotropy of optical, mechanical, and electrical properties at the sub‐nanometer scale for nanotechnology applications.
In Situ Formation of SnSe2/SnSe Vertical Heterostructures toward Polarization Selectable Band Alignments
Authors: Ge Rui , Liu Beituo , Sui Fengrui , Zheng Yufan , Yu Yilun , Wang Kaiqi , Qi Ruijuan , Huang Rong , Yue Fangyu , Chu Junhao , Duan Chun‐Gang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract2D van der Waals (vdW) layered semiconductor vertical heterostructures with controllable band alignment are highly desired for nanodevice applications including photodetection and photovoltaics. However, current 2D vdW heterostructures are mainly obtained via mechanical exfoliation and stacking process, intrinsically limiting the yield and reproducibility, hardly achieving large‐area with specific orientation. Here, large‐area vdW‐epitaxial SnSe2/SnSe heterostructures are obtained by annealing layered SnSe. These in situ Raman analyses reveal the optimized annealing conditions for the phase transition of SnSe to SnSe2. The spherical aberration‐corrected transmission electron microscopy investigations demonstrate that layered SnSe2 epitaxially forms on SnSe surface with atomically sharp interface and specific orientation. Optical characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal valley polarization of the heterostructures that originate from SnSe, suggesting a naturally adjustable band alignment between type‐II and type‐III, only relying on the polarization angle of incident lights. This work not only offers a unique and accessible approach to obtaining large‐area SnSe2/SnSe heterostructures with new insight into the formation mechanism of vdW heterostructures, but also opens the intriguing optical applications based on valleytronic nanoheterostructures.
Template‐Assisted Epitaxial Growth of Ordered SnO2 Nanorods Arrays with Different Hollow Structures for High‐Performance Sodium Storage
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Kang Qiaoling , Su Mengfei , Song Chuang , Gao Feng , Lu Qingyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are confronted with severe volume expansion and poor electrical conductivity. Construction of assembled structures featuring hollow interior and carbon material modification is considered as an efficient strategy to address the issues. Herein, a novel template‐assisted epitaxial growth method, ingeniously exploiting lattice matching nature, is developed to fabricate hollow ordered architectures assembled by SnO2 nanorods. SnO2 nanorods growing along [100] direction can achieve lattice‐matched epitaxial growth on (110) plane of α‐Fe2O3. Driven by the lattice matching, different α‐Fe2O3 templates possessing different crystal plane orientations enable distinct assembly modes of SnO2, and four kinds of hollow ordered SnO2@C nanorods arrays (HONAs) with different morphologies including disc, hexahedron, dodecahedron and tetrakaidecahedron (denoted as Di‐, He‐, Do‐, and Te‐SnO2@C) are achieved. Benefiting from the synergy of hollow structure, carbon coating and ordered assembly structure, good structural integrity and stability and enhanced electrical conductivity are realized, resulting in impressive sodium storage performances when utilized as SIB anodes. Specifically, Te‐SnO2@C HONAs exhibit excellent rate capability (385.6 mAh·g−1 at 2.0 A·g−1) and remarkable cycling stability (355.4 mAh·g−1 after 2000 cycles at 1.0 A·g−1). This work provides a promising route for constructing advanced SIB anode materials through epitaxial growth for rational structural design.
Video assistant referee and home field advantage: Implications for referee bias
Authors: Abbate Camilo , Cross Jeffrey , Uhrig Richard 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPrevious research has highlighted referee bias as a potential contributor to home field advantage in soccer. In order to shed light on the importance of referee bias, we exploit the staggered implementation of Video Assistant Referee (VAR) using data from the top domestic league in 16 countries between 2009 and 2019 to estimate the effect of objective review systems on home field advantage in soccer. Surprisingly, the implementation of VAR had negligible effects on home field advantage and various crucial match statistics despite decreased total offsides and yellow cards. These results provide suggestive evidence regarding the mechanisms through which referee bias might contribute to home field advantage and highlight how scope may limit the effectiveness of review processes in general.
Specimens in the National Herbarium of Victoria, Australia (MEL) and in Naturalis Biodiversity Center of Leiden, Netherlands (L) associated with Albertini and Schweinitz's Conspectus fungorum in Lusatiae superioris
Authors: Karakehian Jason M. , Rödel Thomas , Damm Ulrike , Pfister Donald H. , Miller Andrew N. , Truong Camille , May Tom W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe fate of the fungus specimens used by Johann Baptist von Albertini and Lewis David von Schweinitz for their publication Conspectus fungorum in Lusatiae superioris has been unknown. Some 73 specimens corresponding to new taxa described in this classic mycological text were recently brought to light in the National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL) in Melbourne, Australia. Here, we document the history and provenance of these specimens and analyze them in light of archived manuscripts and correspondence. Our research confirms that the specimens at MEL can be considered original material of the names of new species described in the Conspectus. We also document several specimens that are likely original material in the Persoon fungus collection at Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden, Netherlands (L). Finally, we consider the potential impact of finding original material on Albertini & Schweinitz names that have been neotypified.
Machine learning analysis of oxidative stress‐related phenotypes for specific gene screening in ovarian cancer
Authors: Pan Chenxiang , Pan Chunyu , Chen Lili , Lin Aidi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundOxidative stress serves a crucial role in tumor development. However, the relationship between ovarian cancer and oxidative stress remains unknown. We aimed to create an oxidative stress‐related prognostic signature to enhance the prognosis prediction of CC patients using bioinformatics.MethodsThe genes differentially expressed and associated with oxidative stress were extracted with the help of “limma” packages. The model for prognosis was created using Multivariate Cox regression analysis to determine the risk related to the genes related to oxidative stress. Patients were categorized as low‐risk or high‐risk based on the median score. The receiver operation characteristic (ROC) and survival curves were used to evaluate the predictive effect of the prognostic signature. We utilized quantitative real‐time PCR to assess the expression levels of key genes associated with oxidative stress in ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3, OVCAR3, and HeyA8) and normal ovarian epithelial cells (HOSEpiC).ResultsA signature comprising seven genes associated with oxidative stress was developed to prognosticate patients with ovarian cancer. Overall survival (OS) of the patient having CC was determined using Kaplan–Meier analysis. It was found that patient with a higher risk score had lower OS than the low‐risk score. The signature of genes associated with oxidative stress was found to be independently prognostic for 1, 2, and 3 years. Further research found that the expression levels of nine hub genes had a strong association with patient outcomes. Our analysis revealed a higher expression of CX3CR1 in ovarian cancer cell lines compared with normal cells.ConclusionsTo deploy a novel oxidative stress‐related prognostic signature as an independent biomarker in cervical cancer, we developed and validated it.
Accessibility of e-books for Secondary School Students in Ireland and Cyprus
Authors: Marcus-Quinn Ann , Fotiadis Thomas , Yeratziotis Alexandros , Papadopoulos George A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcross the EU, an increasing number of second-level schools are using digital materials (Baron in How we read now: Strategic choices for print, screen, and audio. Oxford University Press, 2021; Hsieh and Huang in Educ Inf Technol 25:1285–1301, 2020). Such resources must be inclusive and accessible (Marcus-Quinn and Hourigan in Irish Educ Stud 41:161–169, 2022). Accessibility is paramount if students, particularly students confronting disabilities or learning impediments, are to experience equitable educational outcomes. While a multitude of school textbooks presently offer electronic book (e-book) alternatives, tailored for download and engagement via digital platforms, a significant number of these lack purposeful adaptation for online dissemination, thereby undermining their optimal accessibility. Some studies of e-book use at third level have found that undergraduate students notice accessibility features that e-books do not offer, such as customization of text display, the facility to highlight and annotate text, or the inclusion of interactive features such as embedded media content (Pierard et al. in Undesirable difficulties: investigating barriers to students’ learning with e-books in a semester-length course, 2019). There have been few similar studies for other education sectors. Accessibility features play a crucial role in making the digital learning experience more successful and also help students succeed in their studies. This chapter discusses the imperative of accessibility in the context of e-books specifically produced for the second-level education sector in both Ireland and Cyprus. The chapter will explore accessibility features common to many school e-books and highlight problematic issues associated with e-books that have not been prepared with accessibility considerations as part of the publication process.
Accessible Public Transport: A Case Study of Warsaw
Authors: Warchoł-Jakubowska Anna , Szwoch Iga , Szczeciński Patryk , Krejtz Izabela , Krejtz Krzysztof 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores accessibility in public transport, focusing on the case study of Warsaw in Poland, and is structured into several key sections. In Sect. 2, the challenges faced by individuals with disabilities in urban spaces are discussed, shedding light on the impediments they encounter in navigating public transportation systems. Section 3 delves into the legal conditions surrounding accessibility, examining the international framework, national legislation, and the principles of universal design. A comprehensive review of existing accessibility solutions across various European cities is presented in Sect. 4, including accessible bus shelters equipped with access ramps and touchscreen directions and the integration of new technologies to enhance accessibility. Finally, Sect. 5 takes Warsaw as a central example of a European capital actively implementing innovative solutions in public transport accessibility. The chapter underscores the importance of addressing challenges, legal frameworks, and the adoption of cutting-edge solutions to create a more inclusive and accessible urban transport environment.