bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Recurrence Post Hemi Thyroidectomy in Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mohamed Abd El Mageed Shaban Mohamed , Saad Ahmed Saeed , Sami Shafie Hamza Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common subtype of thyroid carcinoma. It has an excellent prognosis, with a 10-year survival rate of more than 95 per cent, although outcome is poorer for aggressive subtypes.

Aim of the Work
Our work in this study shows that the incidence of recurrence post hemi thyroidectomy is significantly higher compared to post total thyroidectomy and in case of multifocal and insular carcinoma with hemi thyroidectomy it increases the incidence of recurrence and drastically affecting the 10-year survival rate and the quality of life.

Material and Methods
We followed the PRISMA statement guideline during this systematic review and meta-analysis preparation and performed all steps according to the Cochrane handbook of systematic reviews of intervention. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct till November 2021 relevant keywords. We used the following search strategy for searching different databases: (“Papillary Thyroid Cancer” OR “Papillary Thyroid Cancers” OR “Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas” OR “Papillary Carcinoma Of Thyroid” OR “Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma” OR “Familial Non medullary Thyroid Cancer” OR “Non medullary Thyroid Carcinoma” OR “Non medullary Thyroid Carcinomas” OR “Thyroid Carcinoma, Non medullary” OR “Thyroid Carcinomas, Non medullary”) AND (Hemithyroidectomy OR Thyroidectomy OR Thyroidectomies OR thyroid removal). All the references of the included studies were searched for relevant studies.

Results
Multifocality and insular carcinoma and bilaterality increase the incidence of recurrence drastically so it is recommended for total thyroidectomy. Gender plays a role in the aggressiveness of the tumor but not in the incidence of recurrence as this is determined by the selection criteria of the candidate and the surgical technique. We studied 7 risk factors through this meta-analysis and it is recommended for application of LNR as a post op prognostic tool for recurrence and to apply hemi thyroidectomy for tumor size &lt;2 cm instead of &lt; 4 also meticulous pre-operative workup, accurate risk assessment, stratification and staging this is to customize a road map for every patient through a multi-disciplinary team.

Conclusion
In this meta-analysis we found that in low grade differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma the recurrence is higher with hemithyroidectomy than in total thyroidectomy after applying the ATA guidelines for 10 years retrospectively but in case of 10 year survival it showed no significant difference.
Comparative Study between Single Incision versus Two Separate Incisions in Conservative Breast Surgery and Excising the Sentinel Lymph Node in Upper Outer Quadrant Early Breast Cancer (Retrospective Study)
Authors: Mostafa Ashraf Abdelmoghny , Abdelmoty Kareem Fahmi , Abdalla Gamal Mohamed , Ahmed Hussain Asmaa Fathi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Single incision technique is an oncoplastic surgery aimed to remove both the breast tumour and sentinel lymph node through one incision, thus providing better aesthetic results than the conventional breast conservative two incision technique. However, this procedure is more difficult, since visualization and the resection space are limited, demanding greater experience from the surgeon.

Objective
To compare between single incision in excising upper outer breast tumour and sentinel lymph node versus two separate incisions in conservative breast surgery as regard locoregional recurrence, cosmetic outcome and post operative complications. (seroma formation and wound infection).

Patients and Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study to compare between single incision in excising upper outer breast tumour and sentinel lymph node versus two separate incisions in conservative breast surgery as regard locoregional recurrence, cosmetic outcome and post operative complication.

Results
Lymphedema occurred in 3 patients 1 from Group A and 2 from group B but this shows no statistical significance. None of the previously stated complications resulted in delay of post- operative adjuvant therapy and all patients were sent to receive their appropriate therapy according to schedule. None of them have had any other problem such as delayed wound healing or compromised final cosmetic outcome. In our study only one patient from group B had malignant recurrence during follow up visits through 3 year after the surgical removal of the tumor but this has no significance proving that single incision technique is safe from oncological point of view like double incision technique.

Conclusion
The single incision technique was shown to be providing comparable post operative parameters with better cosmetic results suggesting that the single incision technique is superior to double incision in selected cases.
Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes on Healing of a Rabbit Model of Corneal Alkali Burn. Histological and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Elyan Maryam Salah , Nada Hoda Fouad , Hamam Ghada Galal , El Din Bayomi Noha Salah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Corneal alkali burn is one of the most severe ophthalmic emergencies that requires prompt treatment. Recently, the attention of researchers has been attracted to the use of exosomes as a novel non-cell therapy for treatment of corneal alkali burn.

Aim
to evaluate the possible role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes on healing of experimentally induced corneal alkali burn in rabbits by histological and immunohistochemical techniques.

Materials and Methods
Forty-five adult male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups: group I (control group); group II in which corneal alkali burn was left for spontaneous healing, and group III (exosomes treated group): in which rabbits received a sub-conjunctival injection of 100 μg MSCs-exosomes after one hour from corneal alkali burn induction. Injection of exosomes was repeated every other day. All groups were further subdivided into two subgroups; subgroup A and B, where corneal specimens were collected after 7 days and 14 days, respectively. Characterization of exosomes was done using transmission electron microscope. Gross examination of the cornea was done at days 0, 1, 4,7,10 and 14. At the end of experiment, corneal specimens were collected and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin, Masson`s trichrome, periodic acid Schiff, transforming growth factor-beta and vascular endothelial growth factor immunohistochemical techniques. Histo-morphometric study and statistical analysis were also done.

Results
Administration of MSCs-derived exosomes in group III improved healing of corneal alkali burn by inhibiting angiogenesis and inflammation, enhancing corneal reepithelization, and providing better organization of newly formed stromal collagen fibers.

Conclusion
Sub-conjunctival injection of MSCs-derived exosomes could be effective in the healing of corneal alkali burn in adult rabbits.
Intestinal Ultrasound in Diagnosis and Follow up of Patients with Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Bakr Saleh Shereen Abou , Ahmed Ahmed Almetwally , Abd El-Hafez Esam Mohammed , Hajaj Mahmoud Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Crohn's disease (CD) causes transmural ulceration of any section of the gastrointestinal tract (GI), with the terminal ileum and colon being the most commonly affected.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to assess the sensitivity & specificity of Intestinal ultrasound In diagnosis and follow up of patients with Crohn’s Disease, and related possible complications.

Patients and Methods
A Cross sectional study in Gastroenterology Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals for 30 Patients with Crohn’s disease and The Patients were selected from inpatient and outpatient clinic of gastroenterology department of Ain Shams University Hospitals, in the period from July to December 2021.

Results
The present study revealed that the mean age of our patients was 54.3± 7.69 years with range from 38-68 years. Male cases were more than females ones, as (70%) were males while (30%) were females, with male to female ratio was 2.33: 1. The present study revealed that the mean hemoglobin level was 11.66 ± 1.46 mg/dl, and the mean RBC, 4.18±0.48. The mean platelets was 267.73±61.94 (K/UL), mean WBCs was 9.94 ± 1.83 (K/UL), neutrophils was 7648.57 ± 1460.02 (/UL), and lymphocytic count was 1356.50 ±469.30 (UL) and neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was 5.93 ±1.35. Regarding the renal function tests and electrolyte profile, the mean serum urea, creatinine and uric acid were 46.43-±10.18, 1.10-±0.25 and 5.30-±0.68 mg/dl respectively. The mean levels of Na and K were 140.43 ±3.50 and 3.82±0.26 mEq/L respectively, the mean AST was 37.63 ±8.27 U/L, the mean ALT was 26.30 ±8.36 U/L, the mean total bilirubin was 1.01±0.17 mg/dl and the mean direct bilirubin was 0.60 ±0.27 mg/dl. We found that the mean PT was 14.17±2.65 sec. and the mean Serum Albumin was 4.16 ± 0.29 g/dl. In this study the mean CRP was 4.91 ±4.55, the mean ESR at first was 21.67 ±4.22 and 2nd hour was 47.43±10.94.

Conclusion
Crohn's disease (CD) is a progressive, inflammatory disease that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals and necessitates continuous monitoring and development of various methods for diagnostic and therapeutic treatment options, as well as the discovery of new medications. While colonoscopy is the gold standard in CD, US, CT and MRI, can provide information not only about the luminal side of the bowel but also about the serous side and the peripheral structure; additionally, US is repeatable, safe, and well-accepted, but unlike CT is radiation-free, and unlike MRI is inexpensive, virtually hazard-free, and available to all patients without contraindications.
Post Covid-19 Vaccination Immune Response in Hemodialysis Patient Compared to Normal Population
Authors: El Sayed Hesham , Halim Aber , Elbraky Abdelrahman , Ibrahim Ghada Atef 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has profound adverse effects on the population on dialysis. Patients requiring dialysis are at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality, and many have experienced psychological distress as well as delayed or suboptimal care. COVID-19 survivors have prolonged viral shedding, but generally develop a robust and long-lasting humoral immune response that correlates with initial disease severity. However, protection against reinfection is incomplete.

Aim of the Work
This study aimed to studying the immune response to COVID-19 Viruse vaccination in hemodialysis patients compared to the normal population

Patients and Methods
This study is a prospective case control study which include 40 prevalent HD patients received COVID-19 vaccination in haemodialysis units, Ain Shams University Hospitals. In comparison to 20 healthy control individuals who also received COVID-19 vaccination.

Results
Our study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard demographic data. Where the age ranges from 24-60 years old. There was 11 female and 29 males in our participant. Regarding occupation, there were 11 participants not working and 29 were working. In our study, there was a significant negative correlation between, SARS COVID IgG Au/ml & age per year, duration of hemodialysis per year, and parathyroid hormone. Whereas, there is a significant positive correlation between SARS COVID IgG Au/ml and kt/v % of renal hemodialysis dialysis patients. Otherwise, there is no significant relation between, SARS COVID IgG. In our study, there is a lower significant value of SARS COVID igG in renal dialysis patients compared to the control group regarding the history of COVID19 infection before vaccination and occurrence of post- vaccine adverse effects.

Conclusion
Hemodialysis patients demonstrate a hyporesponsiveness to vaccination against COVID-19. Although most patients on maintenance hemodialysis developed a substantial humoral response following the COVID vaccine, it was significantly lower than controls.
Study the Effect of Adding Rebamipide on the Eradication Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Mohammed Yassin Azza Emam , Kaisr Saad Hany Haron , Naguib Gina Gamal , Ebrahim Abdo Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
H. pylori infection is a leading etiological factor for various gastroduodenal diseases, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers and duodenal ulcers, as well as adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma of the stomach. In the last decad, there has been a negative trend in the effectiveness of classic eradication therapy regimens of H.pylori, which has largely been determined by the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance.

Aim of the Work
Study the effect of adding Rebamipide on the eradication therapy for helicobacter pylori infection in Egyptian patients.

Patients and Methods
This study included 100 patients with H.Pylori infection who had been confirmed by tissue histopathology.

Results
Regarding the outcome, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.027) as in Rebamipide group, there was 12% cases had positive results and 88% cases had negative results while in control group, there was 30% cases had positive results and 70% cases had negative results. Regarding side effects, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.360). one case in Rebamipide group experienced mild skin rash at 1st day of treatment because of allergy to rebamipide and patient was completely free of symptoms after two days without stopping treatment.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the addition of rebamipide to H. pylori eradication regimens significantly increases the effectiveness of treatment. Based on our findings, abdominal discomfort was observed significantly higher in control group, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (more to rebamipide group) regarding outcome and there was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups regarding side effects.
Smartphone Addiction and its Relation to Social Phobia in Female University Students
Authors: El Nahas Gihan Medhat , Hatata Hesham Abdel-Mageed , Mostafa El-Serafi Doha , Mahmoud Dalia Abdel-Moneim , Khaled Mohamed Zainab 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
As smartphones become more accessible and more psychologically gratifying, problematic smartphone use has emerged with negative mental health consequences, especially in young adults with poor social skills and self -confidence issues. The current study aims to assess the rate of occurrence of smartphone addiction and to highlight the relationship between smartphone addiction and social phobia and its severity in a sample of female university students.

Subjects and Methods
This is a cross-sectional study including 540 female students in the first medical school year divided equally among practical and theoretical faculties after excluding students with psychiatric disorders except for those with social phobia using the SCID-I scale. Subjects were assessed with the Social Phobia Inventory and the Smartphone Addiction Scale for severity of both social phobia and smartphone addiction respectively.

Results
Out of 540 female students, 28.7% have severe smartphone addiction with higher number in students of academic faculties, also, 71.86% of the whole sample have social phobia with 22.78%, 21.85%, 16.3%, and 10.93% reporting mild, moderate, severe, and very severe social phobia scores respectively. The number of students having very severe social phobia scores in the academic group is higher than that in the practical group. Also the study shows a statistically significant relation between smartphone addiction and social phobia.

Conclusion
There is a high rate of distribution of social phobia in young adult females, which is accompanied with a high rate of occurrence of smartphone addiction, so, there is a need for raising the public awareness regarding hazards of problematic smartphone use especially in students and the for highlighting the importance of screening of different psychiatric disorders, as social phobia in such population.
A Phase II Trial of Celecoxib with Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiation for Patients with Localized Rectal Adenocarcinoma Stage II and III
Authors: Gaber Ayad Kyrillus Atef , Azmy Ali Mohammed , Ezz El Din Mai Mohamed Ali , Mosalam Nesreen Ahmed , Saleh El-Sayed Mohamed Essam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
In recent years, neoadjuvant chemoradiation and subsequent surgical resection with total mesorectal excision has been shown to increase local control with decreased toxicity in comparison to upfront surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemoradiation. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer. In this study we evaluated the efficacy of adding a selective COX-2 inhibitor to standart neoadjuvant chemoradiation on pathologic response, sphincter preservation and acute toxicity.

Materials and Methods
Thirty patients with Adenocarcinoma of rectum (up to 15 cm of anal verge) were enrolled in this phase 2 study. Patients undergone full colonoscopy, MRI rectal protocol, abdomino-pelvic and chest CT scan for staging then received neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation (capecitabine 825 mg/m2 bid in combination with celecoxib 200 mg bid and radiotherapy (50-50.4Gy/25-28fraction). Surgery was done 5-12 weeks after chemoradiation. Acute complications were scored by common toxicity criteria 5.0 and tumor response was graded according to AJCC and CAP guidelines for rectal adenocarcinoma.

Results
Of 30 patients, total mesorectal excision was done in 22 patients. Tumor regression grade was reported as: 7 patients (31.8%) had grade 0 or complete response, 7 patients (31.8%) had grade 1 or moderate response, 6 patients (27%) had grade 2 or minimal response and 2 patients (9%) had grade 3 or poor response. Primary tumor down staging was 63% and nodal down staging was 73% with sphincteric preservation rate of 77% among the operated cohort. No patients had hematologic or cardio-vascular toxicity.

Conclusion
Results indicate celecoxib in combination with neoadjuvant chemoradiation is safe and associated with low toxicity. This combination can promote pathologic complete response, tumor regression grade, sphincteric preservation, T and N down staging in rectal adenocarcinoma.
The Clinicoepidemiological Features and Treatment Outcomes in Cervical Carcinoma at Clinical Oncology Department of Ain Shams University Hospital: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Elhusseiny Khalid , Gorban Nagy Samy , Elghamry Wesam Reda , Alorabi Mohamed Osama , Dweep Mohamed Mahmoud 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Through Increased education, access to care, and the expansion of screening and vaccination programs, reductions in cervical cancer incidence and mortality may be achieved.

Aim and Objectives
the aim of the study was to determine the clinicoepidemiological features and treatment outcome in cancer cervix at clinical oncology department of Ain Shams University Hospital.

Subjects and Methods
This retrospective analytical study included consecutive adult female patients ≥ 18 years with pathologically confirmed cervical cancer presented to the Clinical Oncology Department, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt from January 2016 to December 2020.

Results
Most of the patients (71.3%) were under 60years, andthe median age at diagnosis was 53 years. In our cohort, about 54.5 % of patients were postmenopausal, with the median age of menopause around 51.0 years. In most cases, the age of menarche was between 9 and 12 years. 94.1.0 % of the patients were married, and most of them got married after reaching the age of 18 years (74.2%). In our cohort, CCRTH improved both DFS and OS for adjuvant groups as well as PFS and OS for patients who received definitive treatment. Univariate analysis including age, menopausal status, sociodemograhic data, tumor characteristsics, FIGO sataging and treatment received showed that significantrisk factors for reduced PFS and OS of patients who received palliative treatment was Diabetus mellitus as a comorbidity.

Conclusion
This data emphasizes that patient in rural setting present at later stages which could be improved by creating awareness in rural women, and help accessing adequate screening measures.
Comparison of the Response to Geftinib between EGFR Mutations in Exon 19 and Mutations in Exon 21 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Egyptian Patients
Authors: Salem Dina Ahmed , Tawfik Amr Shafik , Meckawy Ghada Refaat , Mahmoud Essam Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The management of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has dramatically changed following the introduction of target therapy in the last 15 years. Comprehensive reflex biomarker testing, including EGFR, is recommended for all patients with a diagnosis of non-squamous NSCLCs, regardless of disease stage and should be initiated by the pathologist at the time of initial diagnosis.

Objective
To compare the response to Geftinib between EGFR mutation exon 19 and EGFR mutation exon 21 in non- small cell lung cancer in Egyptian patients.

Methods
Our retrospective analysis examined 60 patients with advanced NSCLC who had received gefitinib therapy and the specimen were available at Shefa Alorman Oncology Hospital from June 2017 to May 2020.

Results
Our study showed no statistically difference as regard response to first line treatment between exon 19 deletion and exon 21 mutation with P Value = 0.1273. Our study showed no statistically significance as regard progression free survival after first line treatment Gefitinib between exon 19 deletion and exon21 mutation with median PFS 12 months for patient with exon 19 deletion compared to 10 months for patients with exon 21 mutation (Hazard ratio of progression or death 1.57; 95 % confidence interval 0.87 – 2.82; P- Value= 0.1269).Median PFS of study population was 12 months. The median survival was 27 months for exon 21 group while median survival not reached for exon 19 group (Hazard ratio for death 2.95; 95 % confidence interval 0.78 – 11.20). Median survival of whole study population was 33 months.

Conclusion
The EGFR mutation subtype should be considered when making treatment decisions for designing new clinical trials for chemotherapy-naïve, EGFR mutation- positive patients with advanced NSCLC.