bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of toolpath on defect phenomena in the incremental forming of thin polycarbonate sheets
Authors: Formisano Antonio , Boccarusso Luca , De Fazio Dario , Durante Massimo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIncremental sheet forming has been largely investigated in the last two decades because of its versatility and cost-effectiveness, which make it viable for manufacturing highly customized parts as well as small- and medium-sized batches. This process allows for reaching greater formability compared to conventional sheet-forming processes. In contrast, it is affected by defects like twisting, which strongly influence the geometric accuracy of the formed parts. These aspects are dramatically accentuated when forming soft materials like thermoplastics. With these premises, the following research aims to investigate the effects of the toolpath strategy on the occurrence of failures and defects in the incremental sheet forming under very severe process conditions. Cone frusta with a fixed wall angle were obtained by thin polycarbonate sheets, imposing four unidirectional helical trajectory-based toolpaths, one traditional, and three stair strategies. The analysis of the forming forces, the evaluation of the worked surfaces, and the monitoring of the defectiveness highlight the advantages of a stair toolpath strategy in terms of reduced twisting and loading and high surface quality, regardless of the lubrication conditions.
The N-stable category
Authors: Brightbill Jeremy R. B. , Miemietz Vanessa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA well-known theorem of Buchweitz provides equivalences between three categories: the stable category of Gorenstein projective modules over a Gorenstein algebra, the homotopy category of acyclic complexes of projectives, and the singularity category. To adapt this result to N-complexes, one must find an appropriate candidate for the N-analogue of the stable category. We identify this “N-stable category” via the monomorphism category and prove Buchweitz’s theorem for N-complexes over a Grothendieck abelian category. We also compute the Serre functor on the N-stable category over a self-injective algebra and study the resultant fractional Calabi–Yau properties.
Prostate MRI and artificial intelligence during active surveillance: should we jump on the bandwagon?
Authors: Bozgo Vilma , Roest Christian , van Oort Inge , Yakar Derya , Huisman Henkjan , de Rooij Maarten 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
To review the components of past and present active surveillance (AS) protocols, provide an overview of the current studies employing artificial intelligence (AI) in AS of prostate cancer, discuss the current challenges of AI in AS, and offer recommendations for future research.

Methods
Research studies on the topic of MRI-based AI were reviewed to summarize current possibilities and diagnostic accuracies for AI methods in the context of AS. Established guidelines were used to identify possibilities for future refinement using AI.

Results
Preliminary results show the role of AI in a range of diagnostic tasks in AS populations, including the localization, follow-up, and prognostication of prostate cancer. Current evidence is insufficient to support a shift to AI-based AS, with studies being limited by small dataset sizes, heterogeneous inclusion and outcome definitions, or lacking appropriate benchmarks.

Conclusion
The AI-based integration of prostate MRI is a direction that promises substantial benefits for AS in the future, but evidence is currently insufficient to support implementation. Studies with standardized inclusion criteria and standardized progression definitions are needed to support this. The increasing inclusion of patients in AS protocols and the incorporation of MRI as a scheduled examination in AS protocols may help to alleviate these challenges in future studies.

Clinical relevance statement
This manuscript provides an overview of available evidence for the integration of prostate MRI and AI in active surveillance, addressing its potential for clinical optimizations in the context of established guidelines, while highlighting the main challenges for implementation.

Key Points

Active surveillance is currently based on diagnostic tests such as PSA, biopsy, and imaging.

Prostate MRI and AI demonstrate promising diagnostic accuracy across a variety of tasks, including the localization, follow-up and risk estimation in active surveillance cohorts.

A transition to AI-based active surveillance is not currently realistic; larger studies using standardized inclusion criteria and outcomes are necessary to improve and validate existing evidence.
Zur Teamarbeit in der manuellen Medizin als Teil der Funktionsmedizin
Authors: Winkelmann C. , Rogalski C. , Beyer L. 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungManualmedizin und -therapie sind arbeitsteilig als patientennahe und -ferne Tätigkeiten von Facharzt, Physiotherapeut und weiteren Berufsgruppen organisiert. Zusätzlich erfordert die Spezialisierung zur optimalen Versorgung der Patienten bei vielen Krankheitsbildern, Funktionseinschränkungen und Schmerzen die Zusammenarbeit verschiedener Fachdisziplinen. Die manuelle Medizin und Therapie befinden sich aktuell in einem wichtigen Entwicklungsprozess. Um fester Bestandteil der an Bedeutung zunehmenden Funktionsmedizin zu werden, ist die Integration der manualmedizinischen Untersuchungs- und Therapieverfahren in die verschiedenen medizinischen Fachgebiete erforderlich. Der Facharzt oder Physiotherapeut ist in diesem Sinne Teamarbeiter und kooperiert partnerschaftlich mit weiteren Experten sowie mit den Patienten. Für die Zusammenarbeit von Manualmedizinern und anderen fachärztlichen Experten sowie Vertretern der Gesundheitsfachberufe gelten im stationären und ambulanten Sektor unterschiedliche Aspekte, die in den verschiedenen Phasen der Teambildung Berücksichtigung finden sollten. Diese sechs Phasen der Teambildung stehen im Mittelpunkt des vorliegenden Beitrags. Ziel ist es, sowohl die Herausforderungen von als auch die Ansätze für Teamarbeit darzustellen. Gelingt Teambildung, respektieren Ärzte und Therapeuten die Kompetenz, Anschauung und Autonomie aller. Dies zeigt sich als symmetrische Kommunikation, Kooperations‑, Integrations- und Konfliktlösungsfähigkeit, Interdisziplinarität und Interprofessionalität, soziale Kompetenz und gegenseitiges Vertrauen. Die Teamleistung wirkt sich sowohl auf Patienten als auch auf das Personal aus. Wesentlich ist der individuelle Charakter jeder Gruppe. So existieren beispielsweise Praxisgemeinschaften, Abteilungen und Arbeitsgruppen, die anlassbezogen zielorientiert zusammenarbeiten. Unterschiede bestehen hinsichtlich Arbeitsklima, Effektivität und Effizienz. Äußere und innere Faktoren beeinflussen die Zusammenarbeit und Beziehungsdichte der einzelnen Teammitglieder. Vor dem Hintergrund der zunehmenden Bedeutung von Teamarbeit besteht die Notwendigkeit, in der Weiterbildung für manuelle Medizin und Therapie fachspezifische Punkte einer interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit einzubinden. Zudem sollten die entsprechenden Fachdisziplinen dahingehende Fortbildungsangebote nutzen können. Teamarbeit ist kein Selbstzweck, sondern soll der Verbesserung der Patientenversorgung und der Zufriedenheit der Teammitglieder dienen.
Parameterization, algorithmic modeling, and fluid–structure interaction analysis for generative design of transcatheter aortic valves
Authors: Pan Xianyu George , Corpuz Ashton M. , Rajanna Manoj R. , Johnson Emily L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeart valves play a critical role in maintaining proper cardiovascular function in the human heart; however, valve diseases can lead to improper valvular function and reduced cardiovascular performance. Depending on the extent and severity of the valvular disease, replacement operations are often required to ensure that the heart continues to operate properly in the cardiac system. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedures have recently emerged as a promising alternative to surgical replacement approaches because the percutaneous methods used in these implant operations are significantly less invasive than open heart surgery. Despite the advantages of transcatheter devices, the precise deployment, proper valve sizing, and stable anchoring required to securely place these valves in the aorta remain challenging even in successful TAVR procedures. This work proposes a parametric modeling approach for transcatheter heart valves (THVs) that enables flexible valvular development and sizing to effectively generate existing and novel valve designs. This study showcases two THV configurations that are analyzed using an immersogeometric fluid–structure interaction (IMGA FSI) framework to demonstrate the influence of geometric changes on THV performance. The proposed modeling framework illustrates the impact of these features on THV behavior and indicates the effectiveness of parametric modeling approaches for enhancing THV performance and efficacy in the future.
Effect of muscle stretching and isometric exercises on quality of life in children undergoing regular hemodialysis
Authors: Khalf-allah Shimaa Hassan , Ebrahim Hekmat , Badawy Ahlam , Sayed Hend 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent health issue that can have detrimental effects on the quality of life (QoL) of children. Nevertheless, with adequate management and support, many children with CKD can have satisfying lives. The study aimed to investigate the effect of muscle stretching and isometric exercises on QoL of children undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods
Sixty-eight children aged 6–18 years with kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis at Assiut University Children Hospital were included. They were randomly assigned to two groups. The study group received a 40-min exercise program three times per week for 2 months, while the control group received routine hospital care. For outcome measures, two tools were used: a simple questionnaire sheet for personal and medical data and PedsQL™ scale.

Results
After 2 months of exercise, it was shown that most children in the study group (66.7%) had good QoL, in contrast to only 3.3% in the control group, with a highly statistically significant variation between the two examined groups pertaining to the health-related QoL scale (P value = 0.001) after exercise.

Conclusion
The intensity of care for children on hemodialysis has a distinguished impact upon their quality of life. The implementation of muscle stretching and isometric exercises during hemodialysis represents an important aspect of such care that may be associated with significant improvement in all domains of QoL. Children undergoing hemodialysis need well-organized programs that cover all physical and psychological aspects with smart time manipulation and increased attention from their staff.

Graphical Abstract
Uniqueness when the $$L_p$$ curvature is close to be a constant for $$p\in [0,1)$$
Authors: Böröczky Károly J. , Saroglou Christos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor fixed positive integer n, $$p\in [0,1)$$

p
∈
[
0
,
1
)

, $$a\in (0,1)$$

a
∈
(
0
,
1
)

, we prove that if a function $$g:{\mathbb {S}}^{n-1}\rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}$$

g
:

S

n
-
1

→
R

is sufficiently close to 1, in the $$C^a$$

C
a

sense, then there exists a unique convex body K whose $$L_p$$

L
p

curvature function equals g. This was previously established for $$n=3$$

n
=
3

, $$p=0$$

p
=
0

by Chen et al. (Adv Math 411(A):108782, 2022) and in the symmetric case by Chen et al. (Adv Math 368:107166, 2020). Related, we show that if $$p=0$$

p
=
0

and $$n=4$$

n
=
4

or $$n\le 3$$

n
≤
3

and $$p\in [0,1)$$

p
∈
[
0
,
1
)

, and the $$L_p$$

L
p

curvature function g of a (sufficiently regular, containing the origin) convex body K satisfies $$\lambda ^{-1}\le g\le \lambda $$

λ

-
1

≤
g
≤
λ

, for some $$\lambda >1$$

λ
>
1

, then $$\max _{x\in {\mathbb {S}}^{n-1}}h_K(x)\le C(p,\lambda )$$

max

x
∈

S

n
-
1

h
K

(
x
)

≤
C

(
p
,
λ
)

, for some constant $$C(p,\lambda )>0$$

C
(
p
,
λ
)
>
0

that depends only on p and $$\lambda $$
λ
. This also extends a result from Chen et al. [10]. Along the way, we obtain a result, that might be of independent interest, concerning the question of when the support of the $$L_p$$

L
p

surface area measure is lower dimensional. Finally, we establish a strong non-uniqueness result for the $$L_p$$

L
p

-Minkowksi problem, for $$-n<p<0$$

-
n
<
p
<
0

.
Exploring recursive neural networks for compact handwritten text recognition models
Authors: Mas-Candela Enrique , Calvo-Zaragoza Jorge 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the challenge of deploying recognition models in specific scenarios in which memory size is relevant, such as in low-cost devices or browser-based applications. We specifically focus on developing memory-efficient approaches for Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) by leveraging recursive networks. These networks reuse learned weights across successive layers, thus enabling the maintenance of depth, a critical factor associated with model accuracy, without an increase in memory footprint. We apply neural recursion techniques to models typically used in HTR that contain convolutional and recurrent layers. We additionally study the impact of kernel scaling, which allows the activations of these recursive layers to be modified for greater expressiveness with little cost to memory. Our experiments on various HTR benchmarks demonstrate that recursive networks are, indeed, a good alternative. It is noteworthy that these recursive networks not only preserve but in some instances also enhance accuracy, making them a promising solution for memory-efficient HTR applications. This research establishes the utility of recursive networks in addressing memory constraints in HTR models. Their ability to sustain or improve accuracy while being memory-efficient positions them as a promising solution for practical deployment, especially in contexts where memory size is a critical consideration, such as low-cost devices and browser-based applications.
Terrestrial mosses as a substrate and potential host for cyanobacteria, green algae and diatoms
Authors: Szczepocka Ewelina , Nowicka-Krawczyk Paulina , Wolski Grzegorz J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMost studies of terrestrial bryophytes as natural substrates for photosynthetic microorganisms have been performed in the polar regions, where bryophytes are an important part of the ecosystem. As they remain green throughout the year, bryophytes may also be an ideal substrate for epiphytic organisms in temperate regions. The present study investigated the colonization potential and diversity of microalgae on selected plant species in riparian forest and spruce monoculture in a temperate region. It examines whether the presence of algae is related to substrate humidity, the micromorphology of gametophyte or the seasonal availability of substrate. The taxonomic diversity of algae was studied. Cyanobacteria and green algae were cultured on BG-11 agar medium, while diatoms were identified in permanent diatomaceous slides. The alpha- and beta-diversity indices were calculated, and the communities were compared using Bray-Curtis distances and multidimensional correspondence analyses. Our findings indicate that the largest number of alga species were diatoms; however, their presence was only observed in riparian forest and was associated with high humidity. Both aerophilic and freshwater taxa were noted, the latter carried by water from nearby aquatic ecosystem. Green algae were present in both phytocoenoses and humidity appears to have no substantial effect on the degree of colonization; their diversity was low and the group consisted of terrestrial taxa. In two bryophytes growing at the highest humidity, cyanobacteria were only identified in culture. The key factor influencing the degree of microalgae colonization was the humidity of the substrate, which was related to the distance from water.
Morphological changes in plasma-exposed poultry red mites (Dermanyssus gallinae) using high-resolution video camera and optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Authors: Rüster Vanessa , Werner Henrik , Avramidis Georg , Wieneke Stephan , Strube Christina , Schnabel Christian , Bartels Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDermanyssus gallinae, the poultry red mite (PRM), is a hematophagous temporary ectoparasite that causes serious economic losses and animal health impairment on laying hen farms worldwide. Control is limited by the parasite’s hidden lifestyle, restrictions on the use of chemical acaricides and the development of resistance against certain drug classes. As a result, research was conducted to explore alternative control methods. In recent years, atmospheric pressure plasma has been increasingly reported as an alternative to chemical acaricides for pest control. This physical method has also shown promising against PRM under laboratory conditions. However, the detailed mechanisms of action have not yet been elucidated. In the present study, the effects of cold atmospheric pressure plasma on PRM were investigated using digital videography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), an imaging technique that visualizes the topography of surfaces and internal structures. Digital videography showed that a redistribution of the contents of the intestinal tract and excretory organs (Malpighian tubules) occurred immediately after plasma exposure. The body fluids reached the distal leg segments of PRM and parts of the haemocoel showed whiter and denser clumps, indicating a coagulation of the haemocoel components. OCT showed a loss of the boundaries of the hollow organs in transverse and sagittal sectional images as well as in the three-dimensional image reconstruction. In addition, a dorso-ventral shrinkage of the idiosoma was observed in plasma-exposed mites, which had shrunk to 44.0% of its original height six minutes after plasma exposure.
Heterosexual, Lesbian, and Gay Adults’ Reactions to Same-Gender versus Other-Gender Flirtation: Findings from a German Study
Authors: Kranz Dirk , Guell Laura , Rosenbach Steffen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUsing a vignette methodology, this study examined reactions to same-gender versus other-gender flirtation in a sample of 445 German young adults: 320 participants with a heterosexual orientation and 125 participants with a lesbian or gay (LG) orientation. Even in LG-friendly societies as Germany, receiving advances from someone of the same gender might still evoke heterosexuals’ homonegativity. Another factor that might influence heterosexuals’ reactions to same-gender flirtation is the fear of being misidentified as LG (social contagion concerns). Contrary to hypothesis, results provided little evidence to classify heterosexual participants’ reactions to same-gender flirters as homonegative. Firstly, heterosexual participants showed the same degree of negative affect and avoidance behavior in the same-gender flirtation condition as LG participants did in the other-gender flirtation condition. Only positive affect scores were somewhat lower for heterosexual participants in the same-gender flirtation condition compared to LG participants in the other-gender flirtation condition. Secondly, when anti-LG attitudes and social contagion concerns were considered together, only social contagion concerns contributed to explaining variance in heterosexual participants’ response to same-gender flirters. Specifically, the impact of social contagion concerns on heterosexual participants’ avoidance of same-gender flirters was mediated by (lacking) positive affect, but not negative affect.
Comparison of proportions and prognostic impact of pathological complete response between evaluations of representative specimen and total specimen in primary breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: an ancillary study of JCOG0306
Authors: Shien Tadahiko , Tsuda Hitoshi , Sasaki Keita , Mizusawa Junki , Akiyama Futoshi , Kurosumi Masafumi , Sawaki Masataka , Tamura Nobuko , Tanaka Kiyo , Kogawa Takahiro , Takahashi Mina , Hayashi Naoki , Mukai Hirofumi , Masuda Norikazu , Hara Fumikata , Iwata Hiroji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
In JCOG0306 trial, a phase II study to examine the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy (NAC-RT) to primary breast cancer, pathological complete response (pCR) was evaluated from specimens of the representative cross-section including the tumor center that had been accurately marked [representative specimen (RS) method]. In this ancillary study, we examined if the RS method was comparable to the conventional total specimen (TS) method, which is widely employed in Japan, to identify the pCR group showing excellent prognosis.

Methods
We obtained long-term follow-up data of 103 patients enrolled in JCOG0306 trial. As histological therapeutic effect, pCR (ypT0 and ypT0/is) and quasi-pCR [QpCR, ypT0/is plus Grade 2b (only a few remaining invasive cancer cells)] were evaluated with RS and TS methods. Concordance of pCR between these two methods and associations of the pCR with prognosis were examined.

Results
ypT0, ypT0/is, and QpCR were observed in 28 (27.2%), 39 (37.9%), and 45 (43.7%) patients with RS method, whereas these were 20 (19.4%), 25 (24.3%) and 40 (38.9%) with TS method, respectively. Between RS and TS methods, concordance proportions of ypT0 and ypTis were 92.2% and 86.4%, respectively. Risk of recurrence of ypT0/is group was lower than that of non-ypT0/is group (HR 0.408, 95% CI [0.175–0.946], P = 0.037) and risk of death of ypT0/is group was lower than that of non-ypT0/is group (HR 0.251, 95% CI [0.073–0.857], P = 0.027). The ypT0 and ypT0/is groups with RS method showed excellent prognosis similarly with those with TS method, and RS method was able to differentiate the OS and RFS between pCR and non-pCR than TS method significantly even if pCR was classified ypT0 or ypT0/is. With TS method, QpCR criteria stratified patients into the better and worse prognosis groupsmore clearly than pCR criteria of ypT0 or ypT0/is.

Conclusions
RS method was comparable to TS method for the evaluation of pCR in the patients who received NAC-RT to primary breast cancer provided the tumor center was accurately marked. As pCR criteria with RS method, ypT0/is appeared more appropriate than ypT0.