bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rambutan‐Like Mg−Bi−O : Fe Assemblies Loaded with Fomesafen Herbicide to Induce the Fast Germination of Pinto Bean Plants
Authors: Esquivel‐Castro Tzipatly A. , Oliva Jorge , Rosu Haret C. , Rodríguez‐González Vicente 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAssemblies of magnesium and bismuth oxides (Mg−Bi−O) were synthesized with (MBO : Fe) and without iron (MBO) by using a hydrothermal method. Such assemblies were utilized to promote the germination and growth of pinto bean seedlings. The MBO : Fe assemblies had rambutan‐like morphology, which is composed by nanohairs/flagella. The MBO : Fe assemblies were loaded with fomesafen herbicide and the release kinetics of such herbicide was explained by using the Korsmeyer‐Peppas model and the non‐Fickian transport mechanism. The cumulative fomesafen release at pH 7.5 reached percentages of 4.38 %, 71.02 %, 75.04 %, and 100 % for the MBO, MBO‐1 % Fe, MBO‐3 % Fe, and MBO‐5 % Fe, respectively. Also, the MBO and MBO : Fe assemblies were utilized to promote the growth of pinto bean plants. The germination percentages for the MBO, MBO‐1 % Fe, MBO‐3 % Fe, and MBO‐5 % Fe samples were 83.33, 100, 91.67 and 100 %, respectively. Such percentages are higher than that for the control plants grown without MBO : Fe (66.67 %). The longest root/shoot lengths (20.62/48 cm) were obtained for the plant grown with the MBO‐3 % Fe assembly. In contrast, lower root/shoot lengths (14.7/30.66 cm) were obtained for the control plants. Thus, MBO : Fe assemblies loaded with fomesafen improved the physical characteristics of the bean plants, which is of interest for the sustainable agriculture.
Rapid Preparation of Porous Graphene by Microwave‐Assisted Chemical Etching for Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Yang Yun‐qiong , Liu Yang , Lin Feier , Zhang Hao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPorous graphene materials possess a larger specific surface area and a more abundant presence of active sites compared to non‐porous graphene materials, resulting in enhanced electrochemical properties. The presence of in‐plane nanopores facilitates the transmission of ions and mass, further expanding the potential applications of graphene materials in electrochemical energy storage and various other fields. In this study, a rapid synthesis of porous graphene was achieved through a microwave‐assisted chemical etching method. With the aid of microwave radiation, the etchant efficiently reduced the oxygen‐containing groups within the graphene structure, consequently generating nanopores with an approximate diameter of 10 nm. By optimizing the microwave treatment parameters, including pretreatment time, etching time, amount of etchant H2O2, and microwave power, the area percentage of nanopores in the graphene material was controlled to enhance its electrochemical properties. Porous graphene materials exhibited excellent specific capacitance and rate capability, making it a promising material for capacitor applications. Moreover, the lower internal resistance of porous graphene, compared to non‐porous graphene, demonstrated the significant role of nanopores in enhancing the electrochemical performance. These findings highlight the potential of porous graphene for use in electrochemical energy storage.
The Food Industry
Authors: Hansen Henning Otte 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe food industry is involved with the processing, preparation, preservation and distribution of food and beverages. Agri-food companies, which mostly supply agriculture with inputs, are also included in the food industry in this context. A number of structures and market conditions are special in the food industry, which demands a focus on this industry: The food markets and the food companies are subject to unique terms and conditions which differ from the conditions elsewhere. The structural development of food companies and the food industry is described in different ways, including size of companies, consolidation, concentration, globalization, specialization, M&As and their overall goals. In the agri-food industry, a long-term and clear trend toward increasing concentration, consolidation and globalization can be observed. FDI but also reshoring is increasing. The stakeholder and shareholder approach seems to develop in waves.
Agricultural and Trade Policy
Authors: Hansen Henning Otte 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe chapter describes the aims and content of agricultural and trade policy, and its impact on agriculture, the food industry and food markets. The starting point is that agricultural and trade policy plays and will probably continue to play a major role in the agricultural sector in the future. A significant proportion of the value of agricultural production is due to agricultural support—but there are large differences between countries. Furthermore, agricultural and trade policy also changes over time as both the goal and instruments of support change. In terms of agricultural support, some relatively clear global trends can be identified. However, the trends may vary between countries, which can largely be explained by differences in the countries’ level of development and the competitiveness and supply of the agricultural sectors.
Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial appendage morphology and function—an expert proposal by the German Working Group of Cardiovascular Ultrasound
Authors: Hagendorff Andreas , Stöbe Stephan , Helfen Andreas , Knebel Fabian , Altiok Ertunc , Beckmann Stephan , Bekfani Tarek , Binder Thomas , Ewers Aydan , Hamadanchi Ali , Freyhaus Henrik ten , Groscheck Thomas , Haghi Dariush , Knierim Jan , Kruck Sebastian , Lenk Karsten , Merke Nicolas , Pfeiffer Dietrich , Dorta Elena Romero , Ruf Tobias , Sinning Christoph , Wunderlich Nina C. , Brandt Roland , Ewen Sebastian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The left atrial appendage is a blind ending cardiac structure prone to blood stasis due to its morphology. This structure is a preferred region of thrombogenesis in relation to reduced myocardial contractility of the atrial wall. Blood stasis occurs primarily in low flow conditions. One of the tasks of echocardiography is the analysis of morphology and function of the left atrial appendage. The detection of thrombi by echocardiography is difficult and must be carried out thoroughly and carefully to avoid potential complications—especially in the context of rhythm control. The assessment of thromboembolic risk, especially in patients with unknown and presumed atrial fibrillation is a second challenge by characterizing atrial function and flow conditions in the left atrial appendage. Thus, this proposal focuses on the obvious problems of echocardiography when assessing left atrial appendage and the role of this method in planning a potential interventional closure of left atrial appendage.
Self-perceived quality of life, cognitive and behavioural impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Radakovic Ratko , Carroll Amy , Altiero Alair , Reichwein Carrie , Walsh Susan , Niven Elaine , Abrahams Sharon , Simmons Zachary 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Self-perceived quality of life (QoL) is important in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although caregiver burden and strain have been related to cognitive and behavioural impairment, there has been no comprehensive research looking at these impairments and how they may influence self-perceived QoL subdomains.

Aims
To explore how cognitive and behavioural impairment are related to different areas of self-perceived QoL using disease-specific measures.

Methods
This was a quantitative, cross-sectional, observational cohort study, utilising existing specialist ALS clinic data. Clinical and demographic variables were available as well as multidimensional measures, ALS-specific QoL Short Form (ALSsQoL-SF) results and the data from the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen (ECAS). Group comparison and regression analyses were performed.

Results
Data from 121 participants with ALS were analysed. 61.2% (N = 74) had either cognitive and/or behavioural impairment, with 28.9% (N = 35) with cognitive impairment (ALSci), 14.1% (N = 17) with behavioural impairment (ALSbi) and 18.2% (N = 22) with both (ALScbi). 38.8% (N = 47) were classified as having no impairments (ALSni). Those with ALSbi had significantly lower QoL in the domains of negative emotions and the interaction with people and the environment compared to those with ALSci and ALSni (ps < 0.05). Further, those with ALScbi had significantly lower QoL in the intimacy domains than those with ALSci and ALSni (ps < 0.05). Regression analysis showed specific cognitive and behavioural (inclusive of psychosis) predictors associated with specific QoL subdomains.

Conclusions
Behavioural impairments effect QoL in specific subdomains, namely relating to internalising (negative emotions) and externalising (interaction with people and the environment subdomains, intimacy).
Online harassment during COVID-19: a cross-sectional analysis across 10 countries from the I-SHARE consortium
Authors: Uhlich Maximiliane , Tan Rayner K., J. , Azevedo Vanessa , Patrão Ana Luísa , dos Reis Ana Paula , Abdelhamed Amr , Bravo Raquel Gomez , Adebayo Emmanuel S. , Strizzi Jenna M. , Campbell Linda , Zhang Wei-Hong , Adesola Olumide , Eleuteri Stefano , Hensel Devon , Shamu Simukai , Sahakyan Satenik , Osiberu Adenik , Oyetunde Oloruntomiwa , Tucker Joseph D. ,   I.-SHARE Consortium
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aim
This study, wave 2 of the International Sexual Health and Reproductive Health (I-SHARE) study, aims to explore the prevalence and correlates of online harassment in 10 countries including low- and middle-income countries.

Subject and methods
Data were collected through the I-SHARE-2 survey from March 2021 to July 2022, in 10 countries (N = 2860) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
Overall, 30% of participants reported that they believed online harassment was happening more frequently than before COVID-19; 20% of participants reported having received unsolicited advances, 17% reported having received unsolicited obscene images or videos, and 7% reported that someone had shared a photo or video of them doing something humiliating or embarrassing without permission. This perceived increase in online harassment during the pandemic was potentially due to more online behavior amid lockdowns. A mixed-effects logistic regression revealed that people identifying as gender/sexual minority, people with worse economic situations, and people living in a country with lower gender inequality had higher odds of experiencing online harassment.

Conclusion
These results align with prior research, emphasizing the vulnerability of minorities to online harassment. Our study findings have implications for the development of interventions to decrease online harassment.
Real-Time Monitoring of Human and Process Performance Parameters in Collaborative Assembly Systems using Multivariate Control Charts
Authors: Verna Elisa , Puttero Stefano , Genta Gianfranco , Galetto Maurizio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the rise in customized product demands, the production of small batches with a wide variety of products is becoming more common. A high degree of flexibility is required from operators to manage changes in volumes and products, which has led to the use of Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) systems for custom manufacturing. However, this variety introduces complexity that affects production time, cost, and quality. To address this issue, multivariate control charts are used as diagnostic tools to evaluate the stability of several parameters related to both product/process and human well-being in HRC systems. These key parameters monitored include assembly time, quality control time, total defects, and operator stress, providing a more holistic view of system performance. Real-time monitoring of process performance along with human-related factors, which is rarely considered in statistical process control, provides comprehensive stability control over all customized product variants produced in the HRC system. The proposed approach includes defining the parameters to be monitored, constructing control charts, collecting data after product variant assembly, and verifying that the set of parameters is under control via control charts. This increases the system's responsiveness to both process inefficiencies and human well-being. The procedure can be automated by embedding control chart routines in the software of the HRC system or its digital twin, without adding additional tasks to the operator's workload. Its practicality and effectiveness are evidenced in custom electronic board assembly, highlighting its role in optimizing HRC system performance.
Effects of a 6-month dual-task, power-based exercise program on cognitive function, neurological and inflammatory markers in older adults: secondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Tait Jamie L. , Duckham Rachel L. , Rantalainen Timo , Milte Catherine M. , Main Luana C. , Nowson Caryl A. , Sanders Kerrie M. , Taaffe Dennis R. , Hill Keith D. , Abbott Gavin , Daly Robin M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFunctional power-based exercise training can improve physical performance in older adults and cognitive training can improve measures of cognition, but their combined effects on cognition and related risk factors (neurological and inflammatory markers) remains uncertain. This 6-month cluster randomised controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of dual-task functional power training (DT-FPT) on cognition and circulating neurological and inflammatory markers in older adults at increased falls risk, and whether intervention responses varied by apolipoprotein-E (ApoE) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) polymorphisms. Three hundred residents aged ≥ 65 years at increased falls risk residing in 22 independent-living retirement communities, were randomised by village, to DT-FPT (n = 156, 11 villages) involving a multi-component power-based training program performed simultaneously with cognitive and/or motor tasks (45–60 min, 2/week), or a usual care control (CON) group (n = 144, 11 villages). Cognition (computerized CogState battery), inflammatory cytokines, BDNF, insulin-like growth factor-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, amyloid β (1–40) and (1–42) were assessed at baseline and 6-months. Overall, 233 (78%) participants completed the intervention and adherence averaged 50.1%. DT-FPT led to a net 0.18–0.20 SD benefit versus CON in psychomotor ability/attention and reaction time/attention (both P < 0.05). There were no significant intervention effects on circulating markers, except for a net 10.5% benefit in amyloid β (1–40) in DT-FPT versus CON (P < 0.05). Responses were not influenced by APOE or BDNF genotype. In conclusion, DT-FPT in older adults at increased falls risk can provide some cognitive benefits, but these were not related to corresponding changes in inflammatory or neurological markers or influenced by genotype. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12613001161718). http://www.anzctr.org.au/ This project was funded by a grant from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Project (APP1046267).
Antibacterial and antiviral activities of transparent PVA coating films prepared by using solutions containing eluted ions from rare earth iodates
Authors: Abe Kazuya , Sunada Kayano , Mochizuki Yasuhide , Isobe Toshihiro , Nagai Takeshi , Ishiguro Hitoshi , Nakajima Akira 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAfter powders of three rare earth iodates (Ce(IO3)4, Ce(IO3)3, δ-La(IO3)3) were dispersed in water, the constituent ions were eluted. After filtration, polyvinyl alcohol was dissolved in the filtrated solution. Then the solution was flow-coated to form coating films on glass substrates. The obtained coating films exhibited high transmittance in the visible wavelength range. IO3− was confirmed from the IR spectra measured using the ATR method. Fine precipitates were observed in the coating. The amount was greater on the surface than inside. The coating films prepared from Ce(IO3)3 and δ-La(IO3)3 possessed high antibacterial and antiviral activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, bacteriophage Qβ, and bacteriophage Φ6 in the dark. Moreover, they inactivated viruses adsorbed from the gas phase.
Predicting relationship outcomes from rejection sensitivity in romantic couples: testing actor and partner effects
Authors: Mishra Mandira , Reis Samantha , Allen Mark S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study sought to test actor and partner effects of rejection sensitivity on romantic relationship outcomes. In total, 200 participants (100 mixed-sex couples; mean age = 36.17 ± 11.11 years) completed questionnaire measures at a single timepoint. After controlling for participant age and relationship duration, results showed that personal rejection sensitivity, but not partner rejection sensitivity, predicted self-report relationship outcomes for both men and women. Higher levels of rejection sensitivity were associated with lower levels of relationship satisfaction and relationship commitment, and higher levels of jealousy and self-silencing behaviour. Rejection sensitivity was unrelated to relationship investment. Multiple mediation models further demonstrated that anxious and avoidant attachment styles mediated associations between rejection sensitivity and relationship outcomes. Analyses of couple similarity in rejection sensitivity showed that couples report worse relationship outcomes when both partners score high on rejection sensitivity. Overall, the study provides evidence that rejection sensitivity has an important role in relationship outcomes among couples. Creating awareness of the role of rejection sensitivity in relationship outcomes might be a useful approach to improving relationship quality.
Federated Learning of XAI Models in Healthcare: A Case Study on Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Ducange Pietro , Marcelloni Francesco , Renda Alessandro , Ruffini Fabrizio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly used in healthcare applications, although some challenges have not been completely overcome to make them fully trustworthy and compliant with modern regulations and societal needs. First of all, sensitive health data, essential to train AI systems, are typically stored and managed in several separate medical centers and cannot be shared due to privacy constraints, thus hindering the use of all available information in learning models. Further, transparency and explainability of such systems are becoming increasingly urgent, especially at a time when “opaque” or “black-box” models are commonly used. Recently, technological and algorithmic solutions to these challenges have been investigated: on the one hand, federated learning (FL) has been proposed as a paradigm for collaborative model training among multiple parties without any disclosure of private raw data; on the other hand, research on eXplainable AI (XAI) aims to enhance the explainability of AI systems, either through interpretable by-design approaches or post-hoc explanation techniques. In this paper, we focus on a healthcare case study, namely predicting the progression of Parkinson’s disease, and assume that raw data originate from different medical centers and data collection for centralized training is precluded due to privacy limitations. We aim to investigate how FL of XAI models can allow achieving a good level of accuracy and trustworthiness. Cognitive and biologically inspired approaches are adopted in our analysis: FL of an interpretable by-design fuzzy rule-based system and FL of a neural network explained using a federated version of the SHAP post-hoc explanation technique. We analyze accuracy, interpretability, and explainability of the two approaches, also varying the degree of heterogeneity across several data distribution scenarios. Although the neural network is generally more accurate, the results show that the fuzzy rule-based system achieves competitive performance in the federated setting and presents desirable properties in terms of interpretability and transparency.
LncRNA MALAT-1 modulates EGFR-TKI resistance in lung adenocarcinoma cells by downregulating miR-125
Authors: Luo Jie , Ren Qiaoya , Liu Xiaoxi , Zheng Qian , Yang Ling , Meng Mi , Ma Hu , He Sisi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMolecular targeted therapy resistance remains a major challenge in treating lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The resistance of Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor) plays a dominant role in molecular targeted therapy. Our previous research demonstrated the role of MALAT-1 (Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) in the formation of Erlotinib-resistant LUAD cells. This study aims to uncover the mechanism of MALAT-1 overexpression in Erlotinib-resistant LUAD cells. The RT2 LncRNA PCR array system was used to explore MALAT-1 regulation in Erlotinib-resistant LUAD cells through patient serum analysis. Dual luciferase reporter experiments confirmed the binding between MALAT-1 and miR-125, leading to regulation of miR-125 expression. Functional assays were performed to elucidate the impact of MALAT1 on modulating drug resistance, growth, and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT, Epithelial-mesenchymal transition) in both parental and Erlotinib-resistant LUAD cells. The investigation unveiled the mechanism underlying the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA, competing endogenouse RNA) pathway. MALAT1 exerted its regulatory effect on miR-125 as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). Moreover, MALAT1 played a role in modulating the sensitivity of LUAD cells to Erlotinib. Rab25 was identified as the direct target of miR-125 and mediated the functional effects of MALAT1 in Erlotinib-resistant LUAD cells. In conclusion, our study reveals overexpress MALAT-1 cause the drug resistance of EGFR-TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through the MALAT-1/miR-125/Rab25 axis. These findings present a potential novel therapeutic target and perspective for the treatment of LUAD.
Statistical analysis of adhesive rod-tube joints under tensile stress for structural applications
Authors: Vieira A. J. A. , Campilho R. D. S. G. , Madani K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdhesive bonding has been replacing traditional joining methods such as welding, bolting, and riveting in the design of mechanical structures in the automotive, aerospace and aeronautic industries. This joining method has several advantages over traditional methods such as ease of manufacture, lower costs, ease of joining different materials, higher fatigue resistance, and high corrosion resistance. Although tubular adhesive joints have varying applications, such as in truss structures and vehicles, machine axles, and piping, different joint configurations exist, such as rod-tube joints (RTJ), which are not conveniently addressed in the literature. This work compares the tensile performance of adhesively bonded RTJ between aluminium alloy components (AW6082-T651), considering the variation of the main geometric parameters: overlap length (LO), tube thickness (tS), rod diameter (d), adhesive fillet angle (f), and type of adhesive. The Taguchi’s method was employed in the elaboration of the applied design of experiments (DoE). To compare the RTJ behaviour, a numerical analysis was carried out through finite element analysis (FEA) and cohesive zone modelling (CZM). Peel (σy) and shear (τxy) stresses in the adhesive layer were initially obtained by applying purely elastic models. CZM modelling made possible to obtain the damage evolution in the adhesive layer, the maximum load (Pm) and dissipated energy (U) at Pm of the adhesive joints. As a result of applying the Taguchi method, the adhesive joint that showed the best overall performance used the adhesive Araldite® AV138, LO = 40 mm, d = 20, and tS = 3 mm.