bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodialysis Patient Safety Instruments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Anwar Choirul 
Published: August 2024

Hemodialysis is a technically complex procedure with many potential adverse events that can harm patients when they occur. However, hemodialysis services have not been fully implemented in standard operating procedures such as the administration process or hemodialysis programming, resulting in discomfort, adverse events, and the possibility of mild to severe patient incidents. This study aimed to review and criticize various instruments that discuss research and development of instruments to prevent adverse events in hemodialysis services. Articles from 2013 to 2023 were chosen from Scopus, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. The terms used were hemodialysis safety, hemodialysis patient safety, and hemodialysis patient safety instrument based on paper, website, and technology. Overall, the review consists of 12 articles. This review discusses strategies for developing innovation, technology, or patient safety instruments and reporting to reduce adverse events and improve patient safety. The development of patient safety instruments can reduce adverse events and improve patient safety so that it can impact the aspects of improving the quality of service of a health care institution, especially hemodialysis services.
Keywords: Dialysis patient safety instrument, Hemodialysis, Hemodialysis patient safety instrument.
أثر تمرينات خططية - مهارية في التحصيل المعرفي وأداء بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الفردي والجماعي بكرة اليد للطلاب
Authors: Hassanein Sabah Baqir  , Prof. Dr. Samer Youssef Muteab  
Published: August 2024

إن التعلم الحركي هو أحد العلوم الهامة والمميزة والقاعدة التي تستند عليها العملية التعليمية في مجال التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة وذلك لأهميته في اكتساب المتعلم كل ما هو متعلق بلعبة كرة اليد وتطويرها وإتقانها بشكل جيد ، وإنّ تعلم اداء بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الفردي والجماعي يعد من أهم التشكيلات الهجومية والمصنفة ضمن مراحل الهجوم التي تعطي فرصة كبيرة للفريق المهاجم من تحقيق تسجيل الهدف بأسرع وقت وبأقل جهد ، وتتجلى مشكلة البحث في وجود ضعف في أداء بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الفردي والجماعي من قبل الطلاب وكذلك صعوبة في تعلمها، لذا ارتأى الباحثان الخوض في هذه المشكلة من خلال استخدام تمرينات خططيه - مهارية وتأثيرها في تعلم اداء تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الفردي والجماعي للطلاب .
ويهدف البحث الى اعداد تمرينات خططية - مهارية لتطوير أداء بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الفردي والجماعي ومعرفة اثر التمرينات الخططية - المهارية في التحصيل المعرفي بكرة اليد لدى طلاب المرحلة الثالثة ومعرفة اثر التمرينات الخططية – المهارية في أداء بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الفردي والجماعي .
Associations between first-trimester screening biomarkers and maternal characteristics with gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese women
Authors: Lu Yu-Ting , Chen Chie-Pein , Sun Fang-Ju , Chen Yi-Yung , Wang Liang-Kai , Chen Chen-Yu 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can result in adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Predicting those at high risk of GDM and early interventions can reduce the development of GDM. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between first-trimester prenatal screening biomarkers and maternal characteristics in relation to GDM in Chinese women.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnant women who received first-trimester aneuploidy and preeclampsia screening between January 2019 and May 2021. First-trimester prenatal screening biomarkers, including pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, and placental growth factor (PLGF), along with maternal characteristics, were collected for analysis in relation to GDM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate variables associated with GDM.ResultsOf the 1452 pregnant women enrolled, 96 developed GDM. PAPP-A (5.01 vs. 5.73 IU/L, P &lt; 0.001) and PLGF (39.88 vs. 41.81 pg/mL, P = 0.044) were significantly lower in the GDM group than in the non-GDM group. The area under the ROC curve of combined maternal characteristics and biomarkers was 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–0.79, P &lt; 0.001). The formula for predicting GDM was as follows: P = 1/[1 + exp (-8.148 + 0.057 x age + 0.011 x pregestational body mass index + 1.752 x previous GDM history + 0.95 x previous preeclampsia history + 0.756 x family history of diabetes + 0.025 x chronic hypertension + 0.036 x mean arterial pressure - 0.09 x PAPP-A - 0.001 x PLGF)]. Logistic regression analysis revealed that higher pregestational body mass index (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.06, P = 0.012), previous GDM history (aOR 9.97, 95% CI 3.92 - 25.37, P &lt; 0.001), family history of diabetes (aOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.39 - 4.02, P = 0.001), higher mean arterial pressure (aOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07 - 1.27, P &lt; 0.001), and lower PAPP-A level (aOR 0.91, 95% CI 0.83 - 1.00, P = 0.040) were independently associated with the development of GDM. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test demonstrated that the model exhibited an excellent discrimination ability (chi-square = 3.089, df = 8, P = 0.929).ConclusionDownregulation of first-trimester PAPP-A and PLGF was associated with the development of GDM. Combining first-trimester biomarkers with maternal characteristics could be valuable for predicting the risk of GDM.
Causal effects of autoimmune diseases on thyroid cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Peng Wenfang , Xu Bojin , Zhou Haiping , Du Juan , Ge Xiaoxu , Huang Shan 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundAlthough numerous studies had revealed associations between autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and thyroid cancer (TC), the potential causal associations between the two remain poorly defined.MethodsUsing five approaches, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were carried out to determine the causal effects of 12 major AIDs on risk of TC. The sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the reliability of the analysis. The reverse MR analysis was performed to evaluate the possibility of reverse causation.ResultsThe results showed a significant causal association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) on the risk of TC. Genetically predicted PBC elevated the risk of TC (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.06-2.02, p = 0.021). The risk of TC was also increased by genetically predicted SLE (OR = 6.52, 95% CI = 1.38-30.84, p = 0.018) with heterogeneity. After outlier-corrected analyses, the results still suggested that genetically predicted SLE increased the risk of TC (p = 0.019). No evidence of a causal relationship between the remaining 10 AIDs and TC was observed. No reverse causal effects of TC on AIDs were found in reverse MR analysis.ConclusionThese findings support a significant causal association of SLE/PBC on the increased risk of TC, indicating that patients with SLE/PBC should be under a close monitoring of TC.
Proteomics profiling reveals lipid metabolism abnormalities during oogenesis in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Liu Kun , Xu Xiaojuan , Sun Liang , Li Hongxing , Jin Yi , Ma Xiaoling , Shen Bairong , Martin Cesar 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundUnexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) is a clinical dilemma in reproductive fields. Its diagnosis is mainly exclusionary after extensive clinical examination, and some of the patients may still face the risk of miscarriage.MethodsWe analyzed follicular fluid (FF) from in vitro fertilization (IVF) in eight patients with URPL without endocrine abnormalities or verifiable causes of abortion and eight secondary infertility controls with no history of pregnancy loss who had experienced at least one normal pregnancy and delivery by direct data-independent acquisition (dDIA) quantitative proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). In this study, bioinformatics analysis was performed using online software including g:profiler, String, and ToppGene. Cytoscape was used to construct the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, and ELISA was used for validation.ResultsGene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that the DEPs are involved in the biological processes (BP) of complement and coagulation cascades. Apolipoproteins (APOs) are key proteins in the PPI network. ELISA confirmed that APOB was low-expressed in both the FF and peripheral blood of URPL patients.ConclusionDysregulation of the immune network intersecting coagulation and inflammatory response is an essential feature of URPL, and this disequilibrium exists as early as the oogenesis stage. Therefore, earlier intervention is necessary to prevent the development of URPL. Moreover, aberrant lipoprotein regulation appears to be a key factor contributing to URPL. The mechanism by which these factors are involved in the complement and coagulation cascade pathways remains to be further investigated, which also provides new candidate targets for URPL treatment.
Epidemic trend, genetic characteristics, and transmission networks of HIV-1 among treatment-naive men who have sex with men in Hebei province, China
Authors: Lu Xinli , Wang Yingying , Ma Lin , Liu Meng , Li Yan , An Ning , Zhang Xinyu , Tang Xiangyun , Li Qi 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionHomosexual transmission has contributed greatly to the current HIV-1 epidemic in Hebei province, China. Dolutegravir (DTG) will be conditionally used as a component of free antiretroviral therapy (ART) according to manual for national free anti-AIDS treatment drugs (2023 edition) issued by China in June 2023. However, current genetic characteristics and pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) to proteinase inhibitors (PIs), reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTs) and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) of HIV-1 in this population have remained unclear.MethodsSerial consecutive cross-sectional analyses for HIV- 1 infection trend, genetic characteristics, PDR and molecular transmission networks were conducted from 2018 to 2022. All of participants were HIV-1- infected MSM newly diagnosed at the HIV surveillance points (HSPs) in Hebei, China. Evidence of PDR was confirmed using the world health organization (WHO) list for surveillance of drug resistance mutations.ResultsIn this study, a total of 14 HIV-1 subtypes were circulating in the HSPs of Hebei province, China. CRF01_ AE (51.9%, 350/675), CRF07_BC (30.4%, 205/675), B (6.2%, 42/675) and URFs (5.8%, 39/675) were the four most predominant subtypes among MSM. And, CRF07_BC (r &gt; 0) and URFs (r &gt; 0) indicated an increasing trend, respectively; however, CRF01_AE (r &lt; 0) showed a decline trend. The overall prevalence of HIV-1 PDR showed a substantial increase from 6.3% in 2018 to 7.9% in 2022. The prevalence of NNRTI-PDR was the highest (5.8%, 39/675), followed by INSTIs (2.4%, 16/675), NRTIs (0.6%, 4/675) and PIs (0.3%, 2/675). Furthermore, extensive HIV-1 strains bearing PDR were circulating in the MSM population via molecular transmission networks for major HIV-1 subtypes, especially CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC.DiscussionOur findings reflect that HIV-1 epidemic in the MSM population is complex and severe in Hebei, China. Therefore, it is urgent for us to implement more effective intervention measures to limit the further dissemination of HIV-1, especially the spread of HIV-1 INSTI-PDR strains.
Hyperforin, the major metabolite of St. John’s wort, exhibits pan-coronavirus antiviral activity
Authors: Raczkiewicz Imelda , Rivière Céline , Bouquet Peggy , Desmarets Lowiese , Tarricone Audrey , Camuzet Charline , François Nathan , Lefèvre Gabriel , Silva Angulo Fabiola , Robil Cyril , Trottein François , Sahpaz Sevser , Dubuisson Jean , Belouzard Sandrine , Goffard Anne , Séron Karin 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has underscored the urgent necessity for the development of antiviral compounds that can effectively target coronaviruses. In this study, we present the first evidence of the antiviral efficacy of hyperforin, a major metabolite of St. John’s wort, for which safety and bioavailability in humans have already been established.MethodsAntiviral assays were conducted in cell culture with four human coronaviruses: three of high virulence, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV, and one causing mild symptoms, HCoV-229E. The antiviral activity was also evaluated in human primary airway epithelial cells. To ascertain the viral step inhibited by hyperforin, time-of-addition assays were conducted. Subsequently, a combination assay of hyperforin with remdesivir was performed.ResultsThe results demonstrated that hyperforin exhibited notable antiviral activity against the four tested human coronaviruses, with IC50 values spanning from 0.24 to 2.55 µM. Kinetic studies indicated that the observed activity occur at a post-entry step, potentially during replication. The antiviral efficacy of hyperforin was additionally corroborated in human primary airway epithelial cells. The results demonstrated a reduction in both intracellular and extracellular SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, confirming that hyperforin targeted the replication step. Finally, an additive antiviral effect on SARS-CoV-2 was observed when hyperforin was combined with remdesivir.DiscussionIn conclusion, hyperforin has been identified as a novel pan-coronavirus inhibitor with activity in human primary airway epithelial cells, a preclinical model for coronaviruses. These findings collectively suggest that hyperforin has potential as a candidate antiviral agent against current and future human coronaviruses.
O-GlcNAc impacts mitophagy via the PINK1-dependent pathway
Authors: Alghusen Ibtihal M. , Carman Marisa S. , Wilkins Heather M. , Strope Taylor A. , Gimore Caleb , Fedosyuk Halyna , Shawa Jad , Ephrame Sophiya John , Denson Aspin R. , Wang Xiaowan , Swerdlow Russell H. , Slawson Chad 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria is an early feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The impaired turnover of damaged mitochondria increases reactive oxygen species production and lowers ATP generation, leading to cellular toxicity and neurodegeneration. Interestingly, AD exhibits a disruption in the global post-translational modification β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). O-GlcNAc is a ubiquitous single sugar modification found in the nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins. Cells maintain a homeostatic level of O-GlcNAc by cycling the addition and removal of the sugar by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) or O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively.MethodsWe used patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, a transgenic mouse model of AD, SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines to examine the effect of sustained O-GlcNAcase inhibition by Thiamet-G (TMG) or OGT deficiency on mitophagy using biochemical analyses.ResultsHere, we established an essential role for O-GlcNAc in regulating mitophagy (mitochondria-selective autophagy). Stimulating mitophagy using urolithin A (UA) decreases cellular O-GlcNAc and elevates mitochondrial O-GlcNAc. Sustained elevation in O-GlcNAcylation via pharmacologically inhibiting OGA using Thiamet-G (TMG) increases the mitochondrial level of mitophagy protein PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and autophagy-related protein light chain 3 (LC3). Moreover, we detected O-GlcNAc on PINK1 and TMG increases its O-GlcNAcylation level. Conversely, decreasing cellular O-GlcNAcylation by knocking down OGT decreases both PINK1 protein expression and LC3 protein expression. Mitochondria isolated from CAMKII-OGT-KO mice also had decreased PINK1 and LC3. Moreover, human brain organoids treated with TMG showed significant elevation in LC3 compared to control. However, TMG-treated AD organoids showed no changes in LC3 expression.ConclusionCollectively, these data demonstrate that O-GlcNAc plays a crucial role in the activation and progression of mitophagy, and this activation is disrupted in AD.
Ethanol foam: a novel type of foam sclerosant for treating venous malformations
Authors: Zhang Han-Shu , Liu Yi-Ran , Liu Shao-Hua 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSclerotherapy is a commonly utilized treatment approach for venous malformations. Absolute ethanol is renowned for its remarkable efficacy as a potent sclerosants, but it is potentially associated with severe complications. Foam sclerotherapy is considered superior to liquid sclerotherapy owing to its heightened efficacy and diminished incidence of complications. Thus, our objective was to devise an ethanol foam sclerosant that delivers exceptional efficacy while mitigating complications.MethodsIn the first set of experiments, we identified the suitable range of ethanol concentrations for sclerotherapy through human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation assays and blood clotting experiments. Next, the surfactants polysorbate 80, egg yolk lecithin, and hyaluronic acid were added to create stable ethanol foam, with their ratios meticulously optimized.ResultsThe optimal concentration range of ethanol was determined to be 30–60%. Eventually, a 48% ethanol foam was successfully produced with excellent stability. Other than ethanol, the formulation included 5 × 10−3 g/mL polysorbate 80, 10−2 g/mL egg yolk lecithin, and 0.04 mL/mL hyaluronic acid.DiscussionThe novel ethanol foam produced here could be a promising candidate for the treatment of venous malformations.
White matter integrity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is not associated with short- and long-term clinical outcomes
Authors: van Lith Theresa J. , Li Hao , van der Wijk Marte W. , Wijers Naomi T. , Sluis Wouter M. , Wermer Marieke J. H. , de Leeuw Frank-Erik , Meijer Frederick J. A. , Tuladhar Anil M. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesSARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a decline in functional outcomes; many patients experience persistent symptoms, while the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. This study investigated white matter (WM) integrity on brain MRI in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and its associations with clinical outcomes, including long COVID.Materials and methodsWe included hospitalized COVID-19 patients and controls from CORONavirus and Ischemic Stroke (CORONIS), an observational cohort study, who underwent MRI-DWI imaging at baseline shortly after discharge (&lt;3 months after positive PCR) and 3 months after baseline scanning. We assessed WM integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and performed comparisons between groups and within patients. Clinical assessment was conducted at 3 and 12 months with functional outcomes such as modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale (PCFS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and long COVID, cognitive assessment was conducted by the Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-M), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess mood disorder. Associations between WM integrity and clinical outcomes were evaluated using logistic regression and linear regression.ResultsA total of 49 patients (mean age 59.5 years) showed higher overall peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) (p = 0.030) and lower neurite density index (NDI) in several WM regions compared with 25 controls at the baseline (p &lt; 0.05; FWE-corrected) but did not remain statistically significant after adjusting for WM hyperintensities. Orientation dispersion index (ODI) increased after 3-month follow-up in several WM regions within patients (p &lt; 0.05), which remained significant after correction for changes in WMH volume. Patients exhibited worse clinical outcomes compared with controls. Low NDI at baseline was associated with worse performance on the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale after 12 months (p = 0.018).ConclusionAfter adjusting for WMH, hospitalized COVID-19 patients no longer exhibited lower WM integrity compared with controls. WM integrity was generally not associated with clinical assessments as measured shortly after discharge, suggesting that factors other than underlying WM integrity play a role in worse clinical outcomes or long COVID.
Multiple sclerosis in LRRK2 G2019S Parkinson’s disease and isolated nigral degeneration in a homozygous variant carrier
Authors: Wise Adina , Ortega Roberto A. , Raymond Deborah , Cervera Alessandra , Thorn Emma , Leaver Katherine , Russell David S. , Bressman Susan B. , Crary John F. , Saunders-Pullman Rachel 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundLRRK2 variants have been associated with immune dysregulation as well as immune-related disorders such as IBD. A possible relationship between multiple sclerosis (MS) and LRRK2 PD has also been suggested. Further, neuropathologic studies of homozygous LRRK2 G2019S carriers with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are rare, and there are no systematic reports of clinical features in those cases.MethodsWe investigated the co-occurrence of PD and MS in our research cohort and report on two cases of MS in LRRK2 PD as well as neuropathological findings for one.ResultsMS preceded PD in 1.4% (2/138) of participants with LRRK2 G2019S variants, and in none (0/638) with idiopathic PD (p = 0.03). One case with MS and PD was a LRRK2 G2019S homozygous carrier, and neuropathology showed evidence of substantia nigra pars compacta degeneration and pallor without Lewy deposition, as well as multiple white matter lesions consistent with MS-related demyelination.DiscussionThe increased prevalence of MS in LRRK2 PD further supports an important role for immune function for LRRK2 PD. This co-occurrence, while rare, suggests that MS may be an expression of the LRRK2 G2019S variant that includes both MS and PD, with MS predating features diagnostic of PD. The neuropathology suggests that the MS-related effects occurred independent of synuclein deposition. Importantly, and in addition, the neuropathological results not only support the MS diagnosis, but provide further evidence that Lewy body pathology may be absent even in homozygote LRRK2 carriers.
Glucosinolate extract from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seed attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity: insights into gut microbiota and fecal metabolites
Authors: Zhu Quanfeng , Zhang Peng , Liu Daqun , Tang Leilei , Yu Jiawen , Zhang Chengcheng , Jiang Guojun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundRadish seed is a functional food with many beneficial health effects. Glucosinolates are characteristic components in radish seed that can be transformed into bioactive isothiocyanates by gut microbiota.ObjectiveThe present study aims to assess anti-obesity efficacy of radish seed glucosinolates (RSGs) and explored the underlying mechanisms with a focus on gut microbiota and fecal metabolome.MethodsHigh-fat diet-induced obese mice were supplemented with different doses of RSGs extract for 8 weeks. Changes in body weight, serum lipid, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels; and pathological changes in the liver and adipose tissue were examined. Fecal metabolome and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to analyze alterations in fecal metabolite abundance and the gut microbiota, respectively.Results and conclusionResults showed that RSG extract prevented weight gain and decreased serum lipid, ALT, AST levels and lipid deposition in liver and epididymal adipocytes in obese mice. Treatment with RSG extract also increased gut microbiota diversity and altered the dominant bacteria genera in the gut microbiota, decreasing the abundance of Faecalibaculum and increasing the abundance of Allobaculum, Romboutsia, Turicibacter, and Akkermansia. Fecal metabolome results identified 570 differentially abundant metabolites, of which glucosinolate degradation products, such as sulforaphene and 7-methylsulfinylheptyl isothiocyanate, were significantly upregulated after RSG extract intervention. Furthermore, enrichment analysis of metabolic pathways showed that the anti-obesity effects of RSG extract may be mediated by alterations in bile secretion, fat digestion and absorption, and biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. Overall, RSG extract can inhibit the development of obesity, and the obesity-alleviating effects of RSG are related to alternative regulation of the gut microbiota and glucosinolate metabolites.