bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Languages of borderlands, borders of languages: Native and foreign language use in intergroup contact between Czechs and their neighbours
Authors: Petrjánošová Magda , Leix Alicja 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
In this article we present a qualitative analysis of empirical findings from an international project on intergroup attitudes and contact in five Central European countries specifically concerning language use. The project concentrated on the interplay of intergroup contact and perception between the members of national groups in the borderlands between the Czech Republic and Austria, Germany, Poland and Slovakia. The open statements analysed here about the contact situations and the ensuing evaluation of the Others were collected as part of an online questionnaire (N=1959). After a short theoretical introduction we reveal the intertwined nature of construing language use: first in each specific borderland, then in the triads speaking together either in the native language of one of the groups (Czechs with Austrians and Germans) or with each speaking their own native languages (Czechs with Poles and Slovaks). Finally we highlight several effects we have observed as a result of being able to compare the situation in more than one neighbourhood, for instance, the effect of the different statuses of the languages involved, or the connection between the language used in contact and a feeling of proximity.
First documented nesting by White-tailed Sea Eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) in Eastern Slovakia
Authors: Danko Štefan 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The 1980’s and 90’s saw growth in the population and expansion of the areas occupied by White-tailed Sea Eagles over the whole territory of their occurrence in Europe. Under this influence the number of these eagles observed during the nesting period also increased in Eastern Slovakia. The most frequent occurrences have been recorded in the wetland woods along the River Latorica on the East Slovakian Plain, but so far without any documented nesting. In 2002 one pair built a nest in the Vihorlat Hills near Zemplínska šírava reservoir, but they did not actually nest in it either that or the following year. Breeding by these eagles in these hills was noted over 70 years ago by Hrabar (1932) and Molnár (1933), but no nesting was documented. Nesting was documented for the first time in 2004, when one pair successfully raised two offspring. This pair successfully bred in the same nest in 2005 and 2006 too.
Nature and Determinants of the Course of Chronic Low Back Pain Over a 12-Month Period: A Cluster Analysis
Authors: Macedo Luciana Gazzi , Maher Christopher G. , Latimer Jane , McAuley James H. , Hodges Paul W. , Rogers W. Todd 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundIt has been suggested that low back pain (LBP) is a condition with an unpredictable pattern of exacerbation, remission, and recurrence. However, there is an incomplete understanding of the course of LBP and the determinants of the course.ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were: (1) to identify clusters of LBP patients with similar fluctuating pain patterns over time and (2) to investigate whether demographic and clinical characteristics can distinguish these clusters.DesignThis study was a secondary analysis of data extracted from a randomized controlled trial.MethodsPain scores were collected from 155 participants with chronic nonspecific LBP. Pain intensity was measured monthly over a 1-year period by mobile phone short message service. Cluster analysis was used to identify participants with similar fluctuating patterns of pain based on the pain measures collected over a year, and t tests were used to evaluate if the clusters differed in terms of baseline characteristics.ResultsThe cluster analysis revealed the presence of 3 main clusters. Pain was of fluctuating nature within 2 of the clusters. Out of the 155 participants, 21 (13.5%) had fluctuating pain. Baseline disability (measured with the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire) and treatment groups (from the initial randomized controlled trial) were significantly different in the clusters of patients with fluctuating pain when compared with the cluster of patients without fluctuating pain.LimitationsA limitation of this study was the fact that participants were undergoing treatment that may have been responsible for the rather positive prognosis observed.ConclusionsA small number of patients with fluctuating patterns of pain over time were identified. This number could increase if individuals with episodic pain are included in this fluctuating group.
Treatment of acromegaly by endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery: surgical experience in 214 cases and cure rates according to current consensus criteria
Authors: Hazer Derya Burcu , Işık Serhat , Berker Dilek , Güler Serdar , Gürlek Alper , Yücel Taşkın , Berker Mustafa 
Published: September 2013

Object
Acromegaly is a disease that has significant morbidity and mortality related to high levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor–I (IGF-I), and is usually caused by pituitary adenomas. The goal in this study was to investigate the role of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery and surgical experience in the treatment of GH adenoma cases in relation to surgical results and hormonal cure rates, and to perform a review of the literature.

Methods
The authors present a retrospective analysis of 214 GH adenoma cases. Restoration of IGF-I levels to normal for age and sex, suppression of GH levels below 0.4 μg/L on the oral glucose tolerance test, and demonstration of the total removal of the tumor on MRI studies obtained after administration of contrast material at the 3-month postoperative follow-up visit were the criteria for cure.

Results
In total 214 patients with a mean age of 41.9 ± 12 years (range 17–75 years) and a male/female ratio of 106/108 were enrolled in the study. Cure was achieved in 134 (62.6%) of 214 patients. One hundred sixty-nine patients were primary cases, and of these 109 (64.5%) were cured, whereas 61 patients were previously operated cases and of these 25 (41%) were cured. With a 51.1% decrease in the 1st month postoperatively, IGF-I levels were found to be predictive of cure (74.4% sensitivity and 73.7% specificity). Cut-off values for GH levels in predicting cure for the 1st day, 1st week, and 1st month postoperatively were 2.33, 2.05, and 2.25 μg/L, respectively.
The cut-off value for surgical experience was 57 for primary surgeries (58.5% cure rate before this cut-off value compared with 72.6% after it; p = 0.025) and 108 for all operations (45.8% vs 79.4%, p = 0.037). Although 28 patients were found to be in remission according to the criteria in 2000, they were not in remission according to the new consensus criteria. Nine of these cases (32.1%) had random GH levels < 1 μg/L at the 1-year follow-up. The 1-year IGF-I and GH levels in these 28 patients showed no significant difference when compared with the cases defined as cured according to the current criteria.

Conclusions
In acromegaly treatment, transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery performed by an expert senior surgeon and increased surgical experience are important for higher cure rates. Random GH levels < 2.33 μg/L after the 1st day postoperatively and a > 50% decrease in IGF-I levels after the 1st month postoperatively are predictive of cure. Moreover, there is no urgency for additional therapy in patients with GH levels of 0.4–1 μg/L and MRI sequences showing no tumor at the 3-month follow-up, because for these cases remission can be achieved at the 1-year follow-up.
The posterior pedicle screw construct: 5-year results for thoracolumbar and lumbar curves
Authors: Bennett James T. , Hoashi Jane S. , Ames Robert J. , Kimball Jeff S. , Pahys Joshua M. , Samdani Amer F. 
Published: September 2013

Object
Several studies of the outcomes of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with thoracolumbar and lumbar curves after treatment with posterior pedicle screws have been reported, but most of these studies reported only 2-year follow-up. The authors analyzed the radiographic and clinical outcomes of patients with thoracolumbar and lumbar curves treated with posterior pedicle screws after 5 years of follow-up.

Methods
A multicenter database was retrospectively queried to identify patients with AIS who underwent spinal fusion for Lenke 3C, 5C, and 6C curves. Radiographs from the following times were compared: preoperative, first follow-up visit, 1-year follow-up visit, 2-year follow-up visit, and 5-year follow-up visit. Chart review included scoliometer measurements, Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)–22 questionnaires, and complications requiring return to the operating room.

Results
Among 26 patients with Lenke 3C, 5C, and 6C curves, the mean (± SD) age was 14.6 ± 2.1 years. From the time of the preoperative radiographs to the 5-year follow-up radiographs, there was a statistically significant improvement in the mean coronal lumbar Cobb angles (p < 0.0001), and from the time of the first postoperative radiographs to the 5-year follow-up radiographs, the lumbar curve remained stable (p = 0.14). From the time of the preoperative radiographs to the 5-year follow-up radiographs, there was a statistically significant improvement in the mean coronal thoracic Cobb angles (p < 0.0001), and from the time of the first postoperative radiographs to the 5-year follow-up radiographs, the thoracic curve remained stable (p = 0.10). From the first postoperative visit to the 5-year follow-up visit, the thoracic kyphosis (T5–12) remained stable (p = 0.10), and from the time of the preoperative radiographs to the 5-year follow-up radiographs, the lumbar lordosis (T-12 to top of sacrum) remained stable (p = 0.44). From the preoperative visit to the 5-year follow-up visit, the coronal balance improved significantly (p < 0.05) and remained stable from the first postoperative visit to the 5-year follow-up visit (p = 0.20). The SRS-22 total scores improved significantly from before surgery to 5 years after surgery (p < 0.0001). No patients required reoperation because of complications.

Conclusions
Correction of the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes in this cohort of patients was maintained from the first follow-up measurements to 5 years after surgery. In addition, at 5 years after surgery total SRS-22 scores and inclinometer readings were improved from preoperative scores and measurements.
La politique espagnole d’aide à la famille [Le traitement de la question familiale après le franquisme]
Authors: Frotiée Brigitte 
Published: September 2013

Policy towards the family in Spain. The treatment of the family question in the post-nco era.
The freeing of family policy in Spain from the Francoist legacy was reflected chiefly in the abandon of the "familialist" political rhetoric in favour of a "feminist" rhetoric that argues for equality between men and women. The latter was backed by Spanish feminists and legitimized by European Community initiatives and the 1978 Constitution. This was also the time that the birth rate began to fall. The rise in female activity rates is spreading to intermediate age groups, reflecting the desire of women to stay in the labour market even in a period of high unemployment. These changes in behaviour have not altered the position of Spain in comparisons of family policy performance, where the country continues to rank lowest. However, this observation needs to be qualified. Questions relating to the family and the birth rate now have a place in debate and are the object of authentic state intervention at central and local levels. Socio-demographic changes are establishing the family as an important issue on the social and political agenda in Spain.
Chilling‐induced water stress: Variation in shoot turgor maintenance among wild tomato species from diverse habitats
Authors: Easlon Hsien Ming , Asensio José Salvador Rubio , St.Clair Dina A. , Bloom Arnold J. 
Published: September 2013

• Premise of the study: Cultivated tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, suffers chilling induced wilting because water movement through its roots decreases with declining soil temperatures. Certain wild tomato species exhibit resistance to chilling‐induced wilting, but the extent of this chilling tolerance in wild tomatoes is not known.• Methods: We measured shoot wilting during root chilling in wild Solanum accessions from habitats differing in elevation, temperature, and precipitation. We also measured shoot wilting during root chilling in introgression lines (ILs) with chromosome 9 segments collinear to the shoot turgor maintenance QTL stm9 region from chilling‐tolerant S. habrochaites, chilling and drought‐tolerant S. lycopersicoides, or drought‐tolerant S. pennellii.• Key results: Wild tomato species, which experience chilling temperatures (<10°C) in their native habitat, maintain shoot turgor under root chilling. Among accessions of S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme, a typically chilling sensitive species, shoot turgor maintenance during root chilling was correlated with the precipitation of the native habitat. By contrast, S. pennellii, a species that is typically drought adapted, did not maintain turgor under root chilling. Grafted plants with roots containing S. habrochaites and S. lycopersicoides introgressions improved shoot turgor maintenance under root chilling.• Conclusions: Resistance to chilling‐induced water stress is an important adaptation to chilling temperatures in wild tomatoes. There is some overlap in adaptation to drought and chilling stress in some tomato species. Root‐based resistance to chilling‐induced water stress in wild tomatoes may involve orthologous gene(s).
Allometry of cells and tissues within leaves
Authors: John Grace P. , Scoffoni Christine , Sack Lawren 
Published: September 2013

•Premise of the study:Allometric relationships among the dimensions of leaf cells, cell walls, and tissues, and whole‐leaf thickness and area are likely to have key implications for leaf construction and function, but have remained virtually untested, despite the explosion of interest in allometric analysis of numerous plant properties at larger scales.•Methods:Using leaf transverse cross sections and light microscopy, we measured leaf dimensions, tissue thicknesses, mesophyll and xylem cell sizes, and cell wall thicknesses for 14 diverse angiosperm species of wet and dry habitats and tested hypothesized allometric relationships based on geometric scaling due to development and/or function.•Key results:We found strong novel allometries relating the dimensions of cells, cell walls, tissues, and gross leaf form. Cell sizes and cell wall thicknesses tended to scale isometrically across mesophyll tissues within the leaf, such that species with large cells or thick cell walls in one tissue had these also in the other tissues; however, leaf vein xylem conduit sizes were independent of those of other cell types. We also found strong geometric scaling of cell wall thicknesses with cell sizes throughout the mesophyll, but not in the leaf vein xylem. Further, leaf thickness scaled with cell sizes, cell wall thicknesses and the thicknesses of component mesophyll tissues, but leaf area was independent of anatomical traits across species.•Conclusions:These novel allometries suggest design rules operating at the smallest scales of leaf construction and the possibility of applying these relationships to better characterizing the basis for differences among species in leaf form and functional traits.
Transfusion tracheids in the conifer leaves of Thuja plicata (Cupressaceae) are derived from parenchyma and their differentiation is induced by auxin
Authors: Aloni Roni , Foster Adam , Mattsson Jim 
Published: September 2013

• Premise of the study: Conifer leaves are characterized by the differentiation of transfusion tracheids either adjacent to the vascular bundle or away from bundles. Toward uncovering the mechanism regulating this differentiation, we tested the hypotheses that transfusion tracheids differentiate from parenchyma rather than from procambium and that auxin acts as an inducer of this process.• Methods: Transfusion tracheids were studied at different developmental stages in both dissected and cleared juvenile and mature leaves. Auxin accumulation was induced by application of either auxin to juvenile leaves or of auxin transport inhibitors in lanolin to stems.• Key results: Transfusion tracheids originate from parenchyma cells during late stages of leaf development, after the activity of the procambium has ceased. Transfusion tracheids differentiate also in the leaf tip, a region in which there are no procambial cells. Application of either auxin or auxin transport inhibitors resulted in a significant increase in transfusion tracheids in leaves. Disruption of the leaf vascular bundle combined with auxin application resulted in direct differentiation of transfusion tracheids from parenchyma cells; the regeneration of a vascular bundle around the disruption was polar and supports both hypotheses.• Conclusions: The results provide experimental support for a parenchymatic origin of the transfusion tracheids in a conifer leaf and for auxin acting as an inducer of these cells. Our results suggest a new model in which auxin production in the leaf apex continues after primary tracheids and parenchyma cells have differentiated, and this late auxin flow induces transfusion tracheids from parenchyma cells.
Humoral Immune Response against Tumoral Mucin 1 (MUC1) in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Isla Larrain Marina T. , Colussi Andrea G. , Demichelis Sandra O. , Barbera Alberto , Cretón Aldo , Segal-Eiras Amada , Croce María V. 
Published: September 2013

The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the IgG humoral immune response to breast cancer cells is directed to the aberrant mucin-1 (MUC1) associated to this type of cancer. To this aim, an adaptation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on samples of 45 breast cancer tissues, 12 benign disease tissues, and 31 normal tissues, incubated with matched serum samples from the same patients. Each serum sample was also incubated, with a modified immunocytochemistry (ICC), with MCF7 cells. In both techniques, serum was employed instead of the primary antibody. In the case of IHC, the reactivity with sera diminished when added after previous incubation of the tumor/tissue with an anti-MUC1 mAb; the reduction in reactivity was: from 93% to 44% in breast cancer tissues, and from 100% to 67% in benign disease tissues. The reactivity of normal samples (36%) remained unchanged. In the case of ICC, the reactivity with sera decreased after incubation with anti-MUC1 mAb from 71% to 16% in breast cancer tissues, from 83% to 0% in benign disease tissues, and from 52% to 10% in normal serum samples. These results were confirmed employing siRNA MUC1 transient gene knockdown. By Western blot analysis – after immunoprecipitation (IP) of the circulating MUC1– and ELISA, the TF antigen was detected in circulating MUC1 in all breast cancer and benign samples while Tn was detected in 38% of the samples. The existence of IgG autoantibodies against aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 may have a protective role and may contribute to a better prognosis in some patients. Enhancement of this natural immune response may constitute an alternative therapeutic strategy.
Platelet function testing to time surgery in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy?
Authors: Raggam R. , Toller W. , Mahla E. 
Published: September 2013

SummaryIn patients pretreated with P2Y12 receptor inhibitors who need to undergo non-emergent cardiac or major non-cardiac surgery, current guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology recommend postponing surgery for at least five days after last intake of clopidogrel or ticagrelor, and for seven days after last intake of prasugrel, unless there is high risk of ischemic events. However, a fixed five to seven days preoperative waiting period may be challenged, in the presence of inter-individual variability in on-treatment platelet reactivity. Therefore, Society of Thoracic Surgeons guidelines suggest to base decisions about a surgical delay on platelet function although both, the optimal platelet function assay and a bleeding cutoff have not yet been defined by large scale multicenter trials. This review aims to provide an overview on current knowledge of P2Y12 receptor induced platelet inhibition and surgery related bleeding and the potential role of platelet function analysis to time surgery.
Présentation
Authors: Fabre Gérard 
Published: September 2013

Discours sur l’autre et discours sur soi-même, l’écriture du voyage secrète, en cela même, une multitude de tensions. L’exemple de la confrontation des Européens au Québec ne dément pas ce constat d’ordre général. D’une part, ces visiteurs projettent leurs propres références sur un monde social qui leur est à la fois proche et lointain ; d’autre part, ils sont amenés à reconsidérer certaines d’entre elles, au point d’en être parfois ébranlés. Si ce « comparatisme de voyage » fait appel à l’observation directe, il se nourrit également de l’expérience accumulée précédemment par les voyageurs, ainsi que de leurs lectures sur les populations et les lieux visités. Les écrits de voyage procèdent ainsi d’une exploration à la fois ethnographique et intertextuelle. Ce corpus de connaissances sociographiques revêt indéniablement un caractère spécifique, qu’il est possible de confronter aux autres types de discours tenus sur cette société. Après un rappel des jalons historiques majeurs du voyage transatlantique, ce texte introductif aborde et articule les questions suivantes : la catégorisation des écrits de voyage ; la place occupée en ce domaine par les sciences humaines et sociales, et plus particulièrement la sociologie ; l’intérêt d’une approche typologique ; les apports et les limites du comparatisme de voyage. Il se termine par une présentation des quatre articles composant le dossier.
Les épigones d'Ulysse
Authors: Bureau Luc 
Published: September 2013

Il est ici question de l’identité d’un peuple, d’un pays peut-être. En tant que
mythe, ces choses-là n’existent que par la parole : la parole du Nous et la parole de
l’Autre. C’est précisément à un petit exercice sur la parole de l’Autre que nous nous
livrons dans ce texte. Quelle parole les voyageurs étrangers font-ils entendre, à travers le
temps, sur le Québec et les Québécois ? Par l’écart culturel qu’ils entretiennent avec le
pays, ces étrangers peuvent être des observateurs plus perspicaces que nous le sommes de nos
moeurs et paysages.
Patientenzentrierung im Rahmen neuer Versorgungsmodelle und Wettbewerb – verträgt sich das?
Authors: Stock Stephanie , Altin Sibel , Redaelli Marcus 
Published: September 2013

Einleitung
Neue Vertragsformen sollten das kollektivvertragliche System um eine Wettbewerbskomponente ergänzen und durch eine konsequente Ausrichtung der Versorgung an den Bedürfnissen der Patienten einen Wettbewerb um die beste Versorgungsform fördern. Als Grundlage für eine patientenzentrierte Versorgung wurden geeignete Methoden zur Bewertung des Patientennutzens, sektorenübergreifende Qualitätsstandards, eine verstärkte Berücksichtigung von Service- und Dienstleistungsaspekten, geeignete Evaluationsmethoden sowie Transparenz der Versorgungsqualität gefordert, die jedoch nicht flächendeckend umgesetzt wurden. Dabei scheint das Ziel der Patientenzentrierung nicht primär die Ausrichtung der Versorgung an den Bedürfnissen der Patienten zu sein, sondern vielmehr die Verhinderung unerwünschter Wirkungen des Marktes.