bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief cycling intervals incrementally increase the number of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in human peripheral blood
Authors: Pradana Fendi , Nijjar Tarondeep , Cox Phoebe A. , Morgan Paul T. , Podlogar Tim , Lucas Samuel J. E. , Drayson Mark T. , Kinsella Francesca A. M. , Wadley Alex J. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPeripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donation is the primary procedure used to collect hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Single bouts of exercise transiently enrich peripheral blood with HSPCs and cytolytic natural killer cells (CD56dim), which are important in preventing post-transplant complications. To provide a rationale to investigate the utility of exercise in a PBSC donation setting (≈3 h), this study aimed to establish whether interval cycling increased peripheral blood HSPC and CD56dim concentrations to a greater degree than continuous cycling.MethodsIn a randomised crossover study design, eleven males (mean ± SD: age 25 ± 7 years) undertook bouts of moderate intensity continuous exercise [MICE, 30 min, 65%–70% maximum heart rate (HRmax)], high-volume high intensity interval exercise (HV-HIIE, 4 × 4 min, 80%–85% HRmax) and low-volume HIIE (LV-HIIE, 4 × 2 min, 90%–95% HRmax). The cumulative impact of each interval on circulating HSPC (CD34+CD45dimSSClow) and CD56dim concentrations (cells/µL), and the bone marrow homing potential of HSPCs (expression of CXCR-4 and VLA-4) were determined.ResultsThere was an increase in HSPC concentration after two intervals of LV-HIIE (Rest: 1.84 ± 1.55 vs. Interval 2: 2.94 ± 1.34, P = 0.01) and three intervals of HV-HIIE only (Rest: 2.05 ± 0.86 vs. Interval 3: 2.51 ± 1.05, P = 0.04). The concentration of all leukocyte subsets increased after each trial, with this greatest for CD56dim NK cells, and in HIIE vs. MICE (LV-HIIE: 4.77 ± 2.82, HV-HIIE: 4.65 ± 2.06, MICE: 2.44 ± 0.77, P &lt; 0.0001). These patterns were observed for concentration, not frequency of CXCR-4+ and VLA-4+ HSPCs, which was unaltered. There was a marginal decrease in VLA-4, but not CXCR-4 expression on exercise-mobilised HSPCs after all trials (P &lt; 0.0001).DiscussionThe results of the present study indicate that HIIE caused a more marked increase in HSPC and CD56dim NK cell concentrations than MICE, with mobilised HSPCs maintaining their bone marrow homing phenotype. LV-HIIE evoked an increase in HSPC concentration after just 2 × 2-minute intervals. The feasibility and clinical utility of interval cycling in a PBSC donation context should therefore be evaluated.
Pupil light reflex in young elite athletes: autonomic nervous system activity and viscoelastic properties
Authors: Giovannangeli Cyril J. P. , Borrani Fabio , Broussouloux Olivier , Maurelli Olivier , Schmitt Laurent , Candau Robin B. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The pupil light reflex (photomotor reflex) has a duration of 3.5 s and is a highly reproducible measurement. Conventionally, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity evaluated by this reflex does not consider the viscoelasticity of the iris muscles. This study aims to detect differences in reflex autonomic activity in a supine position with parameters derived from the Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic model in two distinct groups of elite athletes.Method: Groups formed using a dendrogram analysis based on basal autonomic activity assessed with heart rate variability. Heart rate variability was measured, and the photomotor reflex was modeled.Results: The model showed a high degree of adjustment to the photomotor reflex (r2 = 0.99 ± 0.01). The impulse 3, an indicator of reflex sympathetic activity, revealed a significantly higher activity (ρ ≤ 0.05) in the [sympa/para]+ group compared to the [sympa/para]⁻ group. This result was further supported by a greater relative total redilation amplitude (ρ ≤ 0.05) and a shorter duration of 75% redilation (ρ ≤ 0.01). Finally, the relative total redilation amplitude exhibited a significant correlation with the linear stiffness constant (ρ ≤ 0.001) and the maximum redilation speed with restoring force (ρ ≤ 0.001).Discussion: These results indicate that (i) the photomotor reflex can detect an alteration of the reflex autonomic activity specific to each of the two branches of the ANS (ii) the viscoelastic properties of the iris muscles play a significant role in the energy storage-restitution mechanisms during the photomotor reflex. This approach could allow athletes to benefit from reduced time spent in the analysis of ANS activity, potentially making it an almost daily and automated process.
Linking genetic markers and crop model parameters using neural networks to enhance genomic prediction of integrative traits
Authors: Larue Florian , Rouan Lauriane , Pot David , Rami Jean-François , Luquet Delphine , Beurier Grégory 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPredicting the performance (yield or other integrative traits) of cultivated plants is complex because it involves not only estimating the genetic value of the candidates to selection, the interactions between the genotype and the environment (GxE) but also the epistatic interactions between genomic regions for a given trait, and the interactions between the traits contributing to the integrative trait. Classical Genomic Prediction (GP) models mostly account for additive effects and are not suitable to estimate non-additive effects such as epistasis. Therefore, the use of machine learning and deep learning methods has been previously proposed to model those non-linear effects.MethodsIn this study, we propose a type of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) called Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and compare it to two classical GP regression methods for their ability to predict an integrative trait of sorghum: aboveground fresh weight accumulation. We also suggest that the use of a crop growth model (CGM) can enhance predictions of integrative traits by decomposing them into more heritable intermediate traits.ResultsThe results show that CNN outperformed both LASSO and Bayes C methods in accuracy, suggesting that CNN are better suited to predict integrative traits. Furthermore, the predictive ability of the combined CGM-GP approach surpassed that of GP without the CGM integration, irrespective of the regression method used.DiscussionThese results are consistent with recent works aiming to develop Genome-to-Phenotype models and advocate for the use of non-linear prediction methods, and the use of combined CGM-GP to enhance the prediction of crop performances.
Major depressive disorder elevates the risk of dentofacial deformity: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Nie Jinhan , Zhang Yi , Ma Jun , Xue Qing , Hu Min , Qi Huichuan 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe association between psychiatric disorders and dentofacial deformities has attracted widespread attention. However, their relationship is currently unclear and controversial.MethodsA two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was performed to study the causal relationship between dentofacial deformity and eight psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder, panic disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, autism spectrum disorder, and neuroticism. Inverse variance weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger regression, weighted mode four methods, and further sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsThe major depressive disorder affected dentofacial deformity, with an OR = 1.387 (95% CI = 1.181-1.629, P = 6.77×10-5). No other psychiatric disorders were found to be associated with dentofacial deformity. In turn, dentofacial deformity were associated with neuroticism, with an OR = 1.050 (95% CI = 1.008-1.093, P = 0.018). And there was no evidence that dentofacial deformity would increase the risk of other psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsMajor depressive disorder might elevate the risk of dentofacial deformities, and dentofacial deformity conditions would increase the risk of the incidence of neuroticism.
Humanitarian health education and training state-of-the-art: a scoping review
Authors: Bahattab Awsan , Trentin Monica , Hubloue Ives , Della Corte Francesco , Ragazzoni Luca 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIn the past decade, humanitarian emergencies have been increasing, leading to an higher demand for humanitarian health professionalization. Education and training are critical for preparing these workers to provide effective care during crises. Understanding the current state-of-the-art in humanitarian health education is essential to inform research and development of future educational programs. This review surveys the peer-reviewed literature to provide insights into the current thinking in the field.MethodsA review was conducted in March 2023 and updated in May 2024 using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Education Resources Information Center databases for English-language peer-reviewed articles published since January 2013. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and presented as a narrative descriptive summary.ResultsAfter screening, 32 articles met the inclusion criteria. The themes of the selected articles focus on education and training frameworks, mapping, and programs. Despite the growing opportunities, most education and training programs are based in the Global North. The gaps identified include a lack of standardized curriculum or competency frameworks and evaluation frameworks to guide the development and evaluation of further standardized training programs. Interdisciplinary and collaborative partnerships, iterative design, and mixed teaching methods and modalities, including e-learning, facilitated successful training. However, logistical and technical constraints and the lack of standardized training frameworks were barriers to developing, implementing, and evaluating such training programs.ConclusionThis review provides an overview of the humanitarian health education trends over the last decade and identifies key areas for future educational development and research. The findings emphasize the importance of adapting interdisciplinary and collaborative partnerships and prioritizing the training of local staff through regional centers, local leadership, and accessible e-learning, including e-simulation. The review also highlights the need for continued research and evaluation of humanitarian health education and training programs with standardized metrics to evaluate training programs and identify areas for improvement. These steps will help ensure that humanitarian health professionals receive adequate training to provide effective healthcare in crisis situations.
Evaluation of the prevalence of adolescent scoliosis and its associated factors in Gansu Province, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Jin , Zhang Haitao , Wen Jiantao , Liu Lili , Xu Shihong , Wang Xingsheng , Zhang Chen , Wang Huaming , Pei Shengtai , Cui Xiaojuan , Wang Juan , Tang Dezhi , Zhao Jun 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionGansu Province is situated in the northwest region of China, characterized by diverse and complex topography and a rich diversity of ethnic groups. This study aims to explore the prevalence and risk factors of adolescent suspected scoliosis in Gansu Province through a cross-sectional population study.MethodsFrom April 2022 to July 2022, a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Baiyin City, Jinchang City, Lanzhou City, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province. The screening covered 3,118 middle and high school students across 24 institutions, including middle and high schools. Diagnosis of suspected scoliosis was established through visual inspection, the Adams forward bend test, and measurement of trunk rotation angle. Employing a custom-designed questionnaire, demographic data were collected, and the prevalence of suspected scoliosis was calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to assess factors associated with suspected scoliosis.ResultsA total of 3,044 participants were ultimately included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of suspected scoliosis was 5.68% in Gansu Province. The peak prevalence for boy is at 14 years (6.70%), while for girl, it is at 15 years (8.75%). Lanzhou City exhibits the highest prevalence rates (boy, 9.82%; girl, 10.16). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis presented that BMI (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88–0.96), altitude of habitation (1,600 m-2000 m) (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34–0.73), altitude of habitation (2000 m-3321 m) (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.40–0.83), family medical history (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.02–2.31), and shoulders of unequal height (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.09–2.03) were significantly correlated with suspected scoliosis. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.95), altitude of habitation (1,600 m-2000 m) (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.23–0.54), altitude of habitation (2000 m-3321 m) (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.24–0.60), family medical history (OR = 1.66, 95% CI:1.08–2.49), and shoulders of unequal height (OR = 1.45, 95% CI:1.06–1.99) were independently associated with suspected scoliosis.ConclusionLow BMI, residence at an altitude of 1,600 m-3321 m, family medical history, and shoulders of unequal height were independently associated with an increased prevalence of suspected scoliosis. It is recommended to promptly screen high-risk adolescents for suspected scoliosis, provide effective preventive and intervention measures.
A qualitative study of a Sporting Memories program in South Australia: belonging, participation, and social connection
Authors: Laidlaw Robert John , McGrath Richard , Kumar Saravana , Adams Caroline , Murray Carolyn M. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundOlder people can experience health and social challenges such as loneliness, depression, and lack of social connectedness. There is need for programs and approaches that address the growing incidence of social isolation and loneliness for older people. One initiative that aims to address these challenges is the Sporting Memories program. This program was developed in the United Kingdom and licensed to South Australia in 2019. The program is currently delivered across six community locations.MethodsThe aim of this study was to explore participants perspectives of the Sporting Memories program in South Australia. Underpinned by qualitative research, three focus groups were conducted, led by an experienced interviewer. Focus groups occurred at three of the six locations, including a day respite center, assisted living center and a government community center. The data were analyzed thematically by the research team.ResultsThere were 16 participants over 65 years old, including four women and 12 men. Three key themes were developed: “free to talk about anything,” “not feeling left out” and “a chance to share and learn.” Collectively, participants reflected on how they built social connections, felt safe and included and learnt more about each other.ConclusionThe Sporting Memories program provides a group program for older people to come together and develop new friendships. The use of sports as a means of reminiscence was considered relatable for the participants who reported social benefits and plans to keep attending. They valued learning through the program which was enhanced by having a facilitator who was knowledgeable about sport.
Combined Statistical Analysis of Glioblastoma Outcomes—A Neurosurgical Single-Institution Retrospective Study
Authors: Tataranu Ligia Gabriela , Staicu Georgiana Adeline , Dricu Anica , Turliuc Serban , Paunescu Dan , Kamel Amira , Rizea Radu Eugen 
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: Notwithstanding the major progress in the management of cancerous diseases in the last few decades, glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most aggressive brain malignancy, with a dismal prognosis, mainly due to treatment resistance and tumoral recurrence. In order to diagnose this disease and establish the optimal therapeutic approach to it, a standard tissue biopsy or a liquid biopsy can be performed, although the latter is currently less common. To date, both tissue and liquid biopsy have yielded numerous biomarkers that predict the evolution and response to treatment in GBM. However, despite all such efforts, GBM has the shortest recorded survival rates of all the primary brain malignancies. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with a confirmed histopathological diagnosis of glioblastoma between June 2011 and June 2023. All the patients were treated in the Third Neurosurgical Department of the Clinical Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” in Bucharest, and their outcomes were analyzed and presented accordingly. Results: Out of 518 patients in our study, 222 (42.8%) were women and 296 (57.14%) were men. The most common clinical manifestations were headaches and limb paralysis, while the most frequent tumor locations were the frontal and temporal lobes. The survival rates were prolonged in patients younger than 60 years of age, in patients with gross total tumoral resection and less than 30% tumoral necrosis, as well as in those who underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. Conclusions: Despite significant advancements in relation to cancer diseases, GBM is still a field of great interest for research and in great need of new therapeutic approaches. Although the multimodal therapeutic approach can improve the prognosis, the survival rates are still short and the recurrences are constant.
Pathways to myeloproliferative neoplasm presentation and time to diagnosis: results from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tarburn Emma-Louise , Iversen Lisa , Robertson Charlotte , McShane Charlene , Duncombe Andrew , McMullin Mary-Frances , Harrison Claire , Mesa Ruben , Anderson Lesley A 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundEarly cancer recognition is key to improving patient outcomes. Diagnosis is often delayed in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), putting them at risk of thromboembolic events and other complications pre-diagnosis. A clear understanding of the barriers to presentation and diagnosis is required.AimTo explore barriers and factors influencing delayed presentation and diagnosis of MPNs.Design & settingA cross-sectional study of patients with MPN within the UK and the Republic of Ireland.MethodAn online cross-sectional survey of patients with MPN was undertaken. Symptoms and factors influencing patient and GP delay were examined. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated to explore the relationship between these factors and patient and GP delay.ResultsMost (80.2%) of the 620 patients completing the survey reported symptomatic presentation. The most common symptoms associated with patient delay were pruritus (aOR 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19 to 3.01), headaches (aOR 1.86, 95% CI = 1.13 to 2.82), and concentration difficulties (aOR 1.75, 95% CI = 1.12 to 2.76). Attributing symptoms to ageing (aOR 1.92, 95% CI = 1.19 to 3.11) and not wanting to burden the GP (2.04, 95% CI = 1.24 to 3.39) were significantly associated with patient delay. Those reporting >3 blood cancer warning signs were more likely to experience GP delay than those experiencing fewer (aOR 3.26,95% CI = 1.75 to 6.29), and lack of relational continuity of GP care was significantly associated with GP delay (aOR 3.41, 95% CI = 1.65 to 7.28).ConclusionDebunking misconceptions around ageing, encouraging timely communication with GPs, and improving relational continuity of GP care could assist in reducing diagnostic delays, prevent potentially fatal disease complications, and ultimately improve outcomes for patients with MPN.
Financial and Credit Mechanisms of State Support for Agricultural Producers of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Нурдавлятова Э.Ф. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются возможности применения сельхозтоваропроизводителями таких финансово-кредитных механизмов государственной поддержки, как бюджетное финансирование, льготное налогообложение, льготное кредитование и агрострахование. Выявлено, что реализация указанных механизмов не обеспечивает эффективного развития сельского хозяйства Республики Башкортостан. Автором обосновывается необходимость приоритетного бюджетного финансирования внедрения инновационных ресурсо- и энергоэффективных технологий, научно обоснованных систем ведения сельского хозяйства. Предлагается минимизировать налоговую нагрузку сельхозтоваропроизводителей.
The article considers the possibilities for agricultural producers to use such financial and credit mechanisms of state support as budget financing, preferential taxation, preferential lending and agricultural insurance. It was revealed that the implementation of these mechanisms does not provide the effective development of agriculture in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The author substantiates the need for priority budget financing of activities aimed at introducing innovative resource and energy-efficient technologies, scientifically based agricultural systems. It is proposed to minimize the tax burden of agricultural producers.
Longevity in the Context of the National Project
Authors: Дубовик М.В. 
Published: July 2024

Старение населения как мировая проблема актуальна и для России. В целях совершенствования демографической ситуации в России разработан амбициозный национальный проект Демография . Несмотря на существенное финансирование проекта, средства осваиваются неравномерно по регионам. В статье рассматриваются социально-экономические последствия замедления реализации этого проекта. Проведен сравнительный анализ мировой практики, а также анализ национальной ситуации в области демографического старения. Предложены рекомендации, адресованные региональным властям, по реализации государственной политики активного долголетия, в целях повышения качества жизни и устойчивого развития.
Population aging is a global problem and relevant for Russia as well. In order to improve the demographic situation in Russia, an ambitious national project Demography was developed. Despite significant funding for the project, funds are being unevenly mastered across regions. The article considers the socio-economic consequences of the slowdown in the implementation of this project. A comparative analysis of world practice is carried out, as well as an analysis of the national situation in the field of demographic aging. Recommendations are addressed to the regional authorities on the implementation of the state policy of active longevity in order to improve the quality of life and sustainable development.
Scenarios of the Spatial Distribution of Human Capital in the Republic of Bashkortostan: to the Statement of the Problem
Authors: Ахметова Э.И. , Прудников В.Б. , Попов Д.В. , Шамсутдинова Н.К. 
Published: July 2024

В статье представлен краткий анализ степени развития человеческого капитала в Республике Башкортостан, приведен обзор исследований различный факторов его формирования. Выделены пять территорий концентрации человеческого капитала в Республики Башкортостан, причем центры двух из них находятся за пределами республики. Авторами сформулированы сценарии динамики развития человеческого капитала на данных территориях.
The article provides a brief analysis of the degree of development of human capital in the Republic of Bashkortostan, and an overview of studies of the different factors of its formation. Five territories of concentration of human capital in the Republic of Bashkortostan are proposed, and the centers of two of them are located outside the republic. The authors formulated scenarios of the dynamics of the development of human capital in these territories.