bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal aortic isthmus Doppler measurements for prediction of perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with fetal growth restriction
Authors: Abdelrazzaq Khalil , Yeniel Ahmet Özgür , Ergenoglu Ahmet Mete , Yildirim Nuri , Akercan Fuat , Karadadaş Nedim 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the role of longitudinal measurements of fetal aortic isthmus blood flow using Doppler ultrasonography in the prediction of perinatal morbidity and mortality.SettingObstetrics department of a university hospital.Population and designThis prospective study includes women with fetal growth restriction and abnormal umbilical artery Doppler results, seen between November 2009 and January 2011.Methods31 women were divided into two groups according to the aortic isthmus blood flow pattern just before birth: anterograde (n = 12) or retrograde (n = 19).Main outcome measureLongitudinal measurements of fetal aortic isthmus in relation to perinatal outcome.ResultsTotal morbidity and mortality rates were significantly higher in the retrograde flow group. There was no statistically significant difference for respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia or necrotizing enterocolitis, but the neonatal sepsis rate was significantly higher in the retrograde flow group. An abnormal aortic isthmus flow pattern was detected approximately 15–20 days after umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery Doppler flow abnormalities and 3–7 days before deterioration in ductus venosus blood flow.ConclusionWe suggest that aortic isthmus Doppler measurements are useful for identifying fetal growth restriction before deterioration in ductus venosus blood flow and fetal acidosis.
Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumors of the Cerebrum: 10 Cases of a Distinctive Seizure‐Associated Lesion
Authors: Huse Jason T. , Edgar Mark , Halliday John , Mikolaenko Irina , Lavi Ehud , Rosenblum Marc K. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe report 10 cases of a non‐neurocytic, purely neuronal tumor affecting adults. Situated in the cerebral hemispheres, with 7 of 10 confined to the temporal lobes, most presented with seizures as their principal clinical manifestations. On magnetic resosnance imaging (MRI), the tumors generally appeared solid and non‐contrast enhancing with minimal diffuse infiltration, edema, or mass effect. Six examples demonstrated internal nodularity. Microscopically, the tumor cells were largely distributed into discrete and coalescent nodules exhibiting varying degrees of matrix vacuolization, principally within the deep cortical ribbon and superficial subcortical white matter. Populating elements ranged from morphologically ambiguous to recognizably neuronal, with only two cases manifesting overt ganglion cell cytology. In all cases, tumor cells exhibited widespread nuclear immunolabeling for theHuC/HuDneuronal antigens, although expression of other neuronal markers, including synaptophysin, neurofilament and chromogranin was variable to absent. Tumor cells also failed to expressGFAP, p53,IDH1R132H, orCD34, althoughCD34‐labeling ramified neural elements were present in the adjoining cortex of seven cases. Molecular analysis in a subset of cases failed to revealDNAcopy number abnormalities orBRAF V600Emutation. Follow‐up data indicate that this unusual neuronal lesion behaves in benign, World Health Organization (WHO) gradeIfashion and is amenable to surgical control.
Efficacy of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16 and 18) vaccine (GARDASIL) in Japanese women aged 18–26 years
Authors: Yoshikawa Hiroyuki , Ebihara Keiko , Tanaka Yoshiyuki , Noda Kiichiro 
Published: January 2013

A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled phase II trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent vaccine targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) types most frequently associated with cervical cancer (types 16/18) and genital warts (types 6/11) in Japanese women aged 18–26 years. Participants were randomly assigned to either quadrivalent HPV (types 6/11/16/18) L1 virus‐like particle vaccine (GARDASIL) (n = 509) or placebo (n = 512). Participants underwent regular gynecological examinations, cervicovaginal sampling for HPV DNA, testing for serum neutralizing antibodies to HPV and Papanicolau testing. The primary end‐point was the combined incidence of persistent infection with HPV types 6, 11, 16 or 18 and cervical or external genital disease (i.e. cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer or external genital lesions related to HPV 6, 11, 16 or 18. Primary analyses were done per protocol. Combined incidence of persistent infection or disease with HPV 6, 11, 16 or 18 fell by 87.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59.2–97.6; P < 0.001), with HPV 6 or 11 by 73.1% (95% CI, −1.1–97.3; P = 0.0756) and with HPV 16 or 18 by 94.5% (95% CI, 65.2–99.9; P < 0.001) in those assigned vaccine compared with those assigned placebo. The median duration of follow up after month 7 in subjects was 23 months. In addition, the vaccine was well tolerated in Japanese women aged 18–26 years. Quadrivalent HPV vaccine could significantly reduce the acquisition of infection and clinical disease caused by HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18.
Child Care in Infancy and Cognitive Performance Until Middle Childhood in the Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Côté Sylvana M. , Doyle Orla , Petitclerc Amélie , Timmins Lori 
Published: January 2013

This study used a British cohort (n = ∼13,000) to investigate the association between child care during infancy and later cognition while controlling for social selection and missing data. It was found that attending child care (informal or center based) at 9 months was positively associated with cognitive outcomes at age 3 years, but only for children of mothers with low education. These effects did not persist to ages 5 or 7 years. Early center‐based care was associated with better cognitive outcomes than informal care at ages 3 and 5 years, but not at 7 years. Effect sizes were larger among children whose mother had low education. Propensity score matching and multiple imputation revealed significant findings undetected using regression and complete‐case approaches.
Oxazolone and ethanol induce colitis in non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency interleukin-2Rγnull mice engrafted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Nolte T , Zadeh-Khorasani M , Safarov O , Rueff F , Gülberg V , Herbach N , Wollenberg A , Mueller T , Siebeck M , Wolf E , Gropp R 
Published: January 2013

SummaryOxazolone-induced colitis in mice has become a recognized model to study the efficacy of therapeutics targeting the immunological response underlying the development of inflammatory bowel disease. However, this model cannot be used when therapeutics designed to address human targets do not interact with the respective murine counterpart. In this study, we examined the induction of oxazolone mediated colitis in non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency interleukin-2Rγnull (NOD-SCID IL2Rγnull) mice engrafted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC) derived from patients suffering from ulcerative colitis (UC), atopic dermatitis (AD) and healthy volunteers. NOD-SCID IL2Rγ null mice were engrafted with hPBMC followed by challenge with oxazolone or ethanol vehicle. Mice developed the same symptoms as observed previously in immunocompetent mice. The clinical activity score increased and the colon architecture was characterized by the development of oedema, fibrosis, crypt loss and dense infiltration of predominantly T cells into the lamina propria. Fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis of lymphocytes in the colon identified natural killer (NK) T cells as a major constituent. In contrast to studies with immunocompetent mice, we observed the same phenotype in the group challenged with ethanol vehicle. The phenotype was most pronounced in mice engrafted with PBMC derived from a patient suffering from UC, suggesting that the immunological history of the donors predisposes the engrafted mice to react to ethanol. The model described here has the potential to study the efficacy of therapeutics targeting human lymphocytes in a model which is more reflective of the human disease. In addition, it might be developed to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying the disease.
Expression of CXCR3 and its ligands CXCL9, -10 and -11 in paediatric opsoclonus–myoclonus syndrome
Authors: Pranzatelli M R , Tate E D , McGee N R , Travelstead A L , Verhulst S J , Ransohoff R M 
Published: January 2013

Summary
Opsoclonus–myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a neuroinflammatory disorder associated with remote cancer. To understand more clearly the role of inflammatory mediators, the concentration of CXCR3 ligands CXCL10, CXCL9 and CXCL11 was measured in 245 children with OMS and 81 paediatric controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and CXCR3 expression on CD4+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry. Mean cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CXCL10 was 2·7-fold higher in untreated OMS than controls. Intrathecal production was demonstrated by significantly different CXCL10 CSF : serum ratios. The dichotomized ‘high’ CSF CXCL10 group had higher CSF leucocyte count (P = 0·0007) and B cell activating factor (BAFF) and CXCL13 concentrations (P &lt; 0·0001). CSF CXCL10 did not correlate with clinical severity or relapse using grouped data, although it did in some patients. Among seven types of immunotherapy, including rituximab or chemotherapy, only adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) monotherapy showed reduced CSF CXCL10, but prospective longitudinal studies of ACTH combination therapies indicated no reduction in CXCL10 despite clinical improvement (P &lt; 0·0001). CXCL10 concentrations were 11-fold higher in CSF and twofold higher in serum by multiplexed fluorescent bead-based immunoassay than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, but the two correlated (r = 0·7 and 0·83). In serum, no group differences for CXCL9 or CXCL11 were found. CXCR3 expression on CD4+ T cells was fivefold higher in those from CSF than blood, but was not increased in OMS or altered by conventional immunotherapy. These data suggest alternative roles for CXCL10 in OMS. Over-expression of CXCL10 was not reduced by clinical immunotherapies as a whole, indicating the need for better therapeutic approaches.
Intergenerational pathways leading to foster care placement of foster care alumni's children
Authors: Jackson Foster Lovie J. , Beadnell Blair , Pecora Peter J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study examined a path model that postulated intergenerational relationships between biological parent psychosocial functioning and foster care alumni mental health, economic status and social support; and from these to the likelihood of children of foster care alumni being placed in foster care. The sample included 742 adults who spent time in foster care as children with a private foster care agency and who reported having at least one biological child. A full pathway was found between poorer father's functioning to greater alumni depression, which was in turn associated with negative social support, and then a greater likelihood of child out‐of‐home placement. Other parent to alumni paths were that poorer father functioning was associated with alumni anxiety and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and poorer mother's mental health was associated with PTSD; however, anxiety and PTSD were not implicated as precursors of foster care placement of the child. Findings support the need for increased practice and policy support to address the mental health needs of parents of children in or at risk of foster care, as well as the children themselves, as family history may have a lasting influence on quality of life, even when children are raised apart from biological parents.
Glucose‐lowering effect of the DPP‐4 inhibitor sitagliptin after glucose and non‐glucose macronutrient ingestion in non‐diabetic subjects
Authors: Ohlsson L. , Alsalim W. , Carr R. D. , Tura A. , Pacini G. , Mari A. , Ahrén B. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimRecent studies suggest that the incretin concept is not restricted to glucose ingestion but relevant also after non‐glucose macronutrient administration. We therefore hypothesized that raising incretin hormones reduces circulating glucose after both glucose and non‐glucose macronutrient ingestion in healthy subjects.MethodsTwelve healthy subjects received the dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor sitagliptin (100 mg) or placebo before ingestion of glucose, fat (olive oil) or protein mix in equicaloric amounts (8 kcal/kg) plus paracetamol (1.5 g). The 120‐min areas under curve (AUC) of intact glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1), glucose, insulin, C‐peptide, glucagon and paracetamol, and model‐derived insulin secretion rate (ISR), insulin sensitivity, insulin clearance and glucose absorption were measured.ResultsThe increased plasma intact GLP‐1 levels after each macronutrient was augmented by sitagliptin. This was associated with a robust lowering of glucose: glucose excursion after oral glucose was diminished, and glucose fell below baseline after oral fat and protein. In spite of lower glucose, AUCC‐peptide and ISR did not differ significantly between sitagliptin and placebo after any macronutrient. AUCglucagon, insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance were also not different between sitagliptin and placebo. Glucose absorption after oral glucose was reduced by sitagliptin, whereas AUCparacetamol was not statistically different between sitagliptin and placebo.ConclusionsPhysiological elevation of intact GLP‐1 levels after ingestion of glucose and non‐glucose macronutrients is robustly glucose‐lowering in healthy subjects. Hence, the incretin concept is not restricted to glucose ingestion in normal physiology. The glucose‐lowering action of sitagliptin at these low glucose levels in healthy subjects may have complex mechanisms, involving both islet‐dependent and islet‐independent mechanisms.
Characteristics of equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from amnion and bone marrow: In vitro proliferative and multilineage potential assessment
Authors: Lange‐Consiglio A. , Corradetti B. , Meucci A. , Perego R. , Bizzaro D. , Cremonesi F. 
Published: January 2013

SummaryReasons for performing studyThis is the first study comparing stemness features of equine mesenchymal progenitor cells derived from amniotic membrane and bone marrow.ObjectivesTo investigate an alternative and noninvasive stromal cell source for equine tissue engineering.Study designIn vitro experimental study of the characteristics of equine mesenchymal progenitor cells derived from amnion and bone marrow.MethodsCells isolated from amniotic membrane and bone marrow were analysed for proliferation (growth curve, doubling time, colony forming unit). Immunocytochemical detection of pluripotency markers and gene expression of stromal cell markers were also performed and these cells were studied for multilineage plasticity.ResultsAmniotic stromal cells (AMSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BM‐MSCs) both exhibited mature stromal cell‐specific gene expression and immunocytochemical properties, but showed substantial differences in their proliferative and differentiation potential. The mean doubling time for AMSCs was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that observed for BM‐MSCs (1.17 ± 0.15 vs. 3.27 ± 0.19 days, respectively). Compared to AMSCs, BM‐MSCs also demonstrated a significantly (P<0.05) lower clonogenic capability (one fibroblast‐like colony forming unit from a mean of 590.15 cells seeded for BM‐MSCs vs. 242.73 cells seeded for AMSCs). BM‐MSCs did not differentiate into glial cells, and the osteogenic differentiation process was longer than for AMSCs.Conclusions and potential relevanceThe amniotic membrane could be a valuable source of MSCs to be used both for allogenic and/or autologous therapies. The noninvasive nature and low cost of collection, the rapid proliferation along with a greater differentiation potential and the ‘off the shelf’ preparation potential could make AMCs useful for cell therapy.
Arthrophytum scoparium inhibits melanogenesis through the down‐regulation of tyrosinase and melanogenic gene expressions in B16 melanoma cells
Authors: Chao Hui‐Chia , Najjaa Hanen , Villareal Myra O. , Ksouri Riadh , Han Junkyu , Neffati Mohamed , Isoda Hiroko 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMelanin performs a crucial role in protecting the skin against harmful ultraviolet light. However, hyperpigmentation may lead to aesthetic problems and disorders such as solar lentigines (SL), melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and even melanoma. Arthrophytum scoparium grows in the desert in the North African region, and given this type of environment, A. scoparium exhibits adaptations for storing water and produces useful bioactive factors. In this study, the effect of A. scoparium ethanol extract (ASEE) on melanogenesis regulation in B16 murine melanoma cells was investigated. Cells treated with 0.017% (w/v) ASEE showed a significant inhibition of melanin biosynthesis in a time‐dependent manner without cytotoxicity. To clarify the mechanism behind the ASEE‐treated melanogenesis regulation, the expressions of tyrosinase enzyme and melanogenesis‐related genes were determined. Results showed that the expression of tyrosinase enzyme was significantly decreased and Tyr, Trp‐1, Mitf and Mc1R mRNA expressions were significantly down‐regulated. LC‐ESI‐TOF‐MS analysis of the extract identified the presence of six phenolic compounds: coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, chrysoeriol, cyanidin, catechol and caffeoylquinic acid. The melanogenesis inhibitory effect of ASEE may therefore be attributed to its catechol and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative content. We report here that ASEE can inhibit melanogenesis in a time‐dependent manner by decreasing the tyrosinase protein and Tyr, Trp‐1, Mitf and Mc1R mRNA expressions. This is the first report on the antimelanogenesis effect of A. scoparium and on its potential as a whitening agent.
Dramatic changes in a phytoplankton community in response to local and global pressures: a 24‐year survey of the river Loire (France)
Authors: Larroudé S , Massei N , Reyes‐Marchant P , Delattre C , Humbert JF 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe impact of climate change and of other anthropogenic pressures on the structure and composition of phytoplankton communities of large European rivers remains poorly documented. Here we report the findings of a study of the changes in the phytoplankton community of the middle segment of the river Loire over the past 24 years. An attempt is made to distinguish between the impact of changes acting at the local scale and that of those acting more globally. A dramatic reduction in phytoplankton abundance was observed, particularly in the mid ‐1990s; this was concomitant with an increase in the relative proportion of cyanobacteria. At the same time, the phytoplankton community displayed increasing richness and diversity, and little change in its size structure. All these changes seem to be related to local changes, in particular to the reduction in phosphorus concentrations, as well as to changes in climate, throughout modifications in the river discharge and water temperature. Interestingly, herbicide contamination also appeared to be of particular importance in explaining the unexpected increase in the proportion of cyanobacteria in the phytoplankton community after the 1990s. These findings suggest that combinations of numerous anthropogenic pressures acting at different spatial and temporal scales have led to a mix of predictable and unpredictable changes occurring in the phytoplankton community of the river Loire, with probable consequences for the trophic networks in this river.
Development and implementation of allocation arrangements for recreational and commercial fishing sectors in Western Australia
Authors: Crowe F. M. , Longson I. G. , Joll L. M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper examines why Western Australia's Integrated Fisheries Management (IFM) policy was adopted, its development, achievements, lessons learned and future directions. Adopted in 2004, IFM aims to achieve and maintain fish resource sustainability through optimal catch share arrangements between competing users. It involves setting an allowable harvest level for each resource, using an independent allocation committee process to allocate explicit catch shares for commercial, recreational and customary sectors, and monitoring sectoral catch. IFM provides guidance for managing each sector within its catch share, providing access to that share, and developing reallocation mechanisms to transfer sectoral catch shares. The three most important multi‐sector resources, western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus George, metropolitan Roe's abalone, Haliotis roei Grey, and west coast demersal scalefish, have undergone the allocation process. The first two are operational while the third is almost complete. Allocation outcomes demonstrate the need to account for each sector's catch, with credible scientific data to underpin decision‐making, independent transparent allocation processes, robust sectoral representation, workable reallocation mechanisms and management arrangements to ensure that all sectors can access their allocated share. IFM generates fair decisions for optimal resource use to reduce intersectoral conflict and provide better community outcomes, with wide applicability across other jurisdictions.