bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE AND MULTICOMPONENT TRAINING ON BODY COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL FITNESS OF INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY WOMEN
Authors: Sousa Nelson , Mendes Romeu , Silva Sandro , Garrido Nuno , Abrantes Catarina , Reis Victor 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundPhysical fitness is an important indicator of health and quality of life in all population groups, and particularly in institutionalized elderly. In contrast, increased fat mass is associated with poor physical fitness and an increase in cardiovascular risk. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two short-term training programs on body composition and physical fitness in institutionalized elderly women.MethodsThirty-two women (aged 72.9±6.6 years) from three institutions of the north of Portugal, were randomly assigned into a resistance training group (n=12), a multicomponent training group (n=10), and a control group (n=10). Before and after training, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat mass, fat-free mass, and six independent physical fitness tests (back scratch, chair sit-and-reach, 30-s chair stand, arm curl, 8-foot up-and-go and 6-min walk) were assessed. Both training programs consisted of two weekly sessions during 12 weeks and were planned for moderate intensity (perceived exertion of 12–13 points on Borg scale, and a range on 50–69% of one repetition maximum). The resistance training protocol included leg press, leg extensions and curls, chest press, lateral pull-down, overhead press, arm curls and abdominal exercises. The multicomponent training protocol included aerobic exercise (walking and dancing), muscular endurance exercises (using elastic bands and free weights), balance and flexibility exercises. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used to examine the effects of training programs.ResultsANOVA indicated a significant main effect of group (p=0.000) for all physical fitness tests, with significant differences between both training groups and control. There were no differences between resistance training and multicomponent training. ANOVA also identified a significant main effect of time for 30-s chair (p=0.000), arm curl (p=0.002) and 6-min walk (p=0.000) in both training groups (baseline vs post-test). No significant changes were observed in body mass index, waist circumference, body fat mass and fat-free mass.ConclusionsThe data suggest that 12 weeks of multicomponent training were so effective in increasing physical fitness in institutionalized elderly, as resistance training. Further, multicomponent training demonstrated a wide practical applicability, and low cost development, unlike resistance training resources that need more expensive and complex logistics in such institutions. In contrast, 12 weeks of either resistance or multicomponent moderate training were not enough to induce changes in body composition.
MID-TERM RESULTS OF AUTOLOGOUS MATRIX INDUCED CHONDROGENESIS (AMIC) IN CARTILAGE KNEE SURGERY
Authors: Oheim Ralf , Behrens Peter , Volpi Piero , Girolamo Laura de , Reiss Eric Edgar , Zoch Werner , Anders Sven , Gille Justus 
Published: June 2013

IntroductionThe regeneration capacity of articular cartilage is very limited. Therefore, cartilage defects heal poorly and are known as prearthrotic lesions. Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (AMIC) is an innovative treatment concept for localized full-thickness cartilage defects. This technique combines the well-established microfracturing with a collagen I/III scaffold fixated by fibrin glue.MethodsPresented are medium-term results of two different prospective studies of patients treated with AMIC. Symptomatic full-thickness cartilage lesions (Outerbridge grade III or IV) were treated using AMIC (Chondro-Gide, Geistlich Pharma, Switzerland). Patients were initially evaluated by established knee scores (e.g. Lysholm score, IKDC score) and in selected cases by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients were re-evaluated up to 5 years after the initial procedure.ResultsIn total 84 patients could be followed up. The average age of patients was in both groups 37 years (16–61 years). The mean defect size was 3.4 cm2respectively 4.2 cm2. The majority of patients were satisfied with the postoperative outcome, reporting a significant decrease of pain level. Significant improvement of the mean Lysholm score was observed as early as 1 year after AMIC and further increased values were noted up to two years postoperatively. MRI analysis showed moderate to complete filling with a normal to incidentally hyperintense signal in most cases.ConclusionAMIC is an effective and safe method of treating symptomatic full-thickness chondral defects of the knee in appropriately selected cases. However, further studies with long-term follow-up are needed to determine whether the grafted area will maintain structural and functional integrity over time. Level of evidence: Prognostic study, Level IV.
EVALUATION OF PREMOTOR REACTION TIME, SENSATION OF POSITION AND JUMP PERFORMANCE ABILITY FOLLOWING RECONSTRUCTIVE ACL OPERATION
Authors: Hoseong Lee 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundAlthough surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is commonly performed to increase stability of the knee, persistent changes in neuromuscular function has frequently been cited as contributing to disability.1 2ObjectiveThis study investigated neuromuscular function (premotor reaction time, reproductive angle inaccuracy and jump ability) in a sample of patients 12 to 28 months following reconstructive ACL operation. In addition, the effect of leg dominance on neuromuscular function was analyzed in a sample of subjects without knee injury.MethodsTen healthy woman without knee injury and 10 patients following ACL operation participated in the study after they had been screened for neuromuscular function disorders. Premotor reaction time (PRT) of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), hamstring medialis (HM), and hamstring lateralis (HL) were recorded by electromyography through the examination sudden knee eversion stress. Sensation of position were evaluated as a reproductive angle inaccuracy (RAI) in the difference between a specified angle (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75°) and the reproduction angle. Two physical therapists evaluated each subject's performance ability using a talent diagnose system (TDS Jump and TDS Flash Jump).ResultsThe patients showed a significant increase in reaction time of hamstring operated legs (p<.05), systemic reaction time (TDS Flash Jump) (p<.05), and significant decrease in grounding time (TDS Jump) of operated legs (p<.05). For correlation coefficient, no statistically significant changes were found.ConclusionsIt was confirmed that a multi function of neuromuscular had decreased though one year or more passed after ACL reconstructive operation, therefore, should be provide information that recovers a multi function of neuromuscular in rehabilitation after ACL operation.
WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE OF TROCHLEOPLASTY IN TREATMENT OF PATELLOFEMORAL INSTABILITY? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND COMPARISON WITH MPFL RECONSTRUCTION OUTCOMES
Authors: Testa Enrique Adrian , Amsler Felix , Camathias Carlo , Henle Philipp , Friederich Niklaus , Hirschmann Michael Tobias 
Published: June 2013

IntroductionTrochleoplasty and reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) are the most commonly used surgical treatment in patients with patellofemoral instability. Although there is an increasing number of publications dealing with treatment of patellofemoral instability, the clinical evidence about outcomes and in particular the question when to use which method is still scarce. It was our purpose to perform a systematic review on trochleoplasty in the treatment of patients with patellofemoral instability and compare the outcomes with those seen in patients treated by reconstruction of the MPFL.MethodsTwo independent orthopaedic surgeons performed a standardized search on Pubmed and other literature search engines and reviewed the obtained abstracts. All observational and experimental studies (case reports excluded) were then obtained in fulltext and again reviewed in a consensus meeting. 15 articles were included and analysed using the PEDro appraisal scoring system to assess its methodological quality. As comparison group the same process was done for MPFL reconstruction. 25 studies on MPFL reconstruction were obtained for comparison. The clinical and radiological outcomes of all papers was reviewed and compared. The studies investigated use a great variety of different outcome scoring instruments. Seven outcome variables were found consistently in most of the studies. Descriptive statistics was used for comparison of Kujala score, Lysholm score, patella tilt angle (PTA), sulcus angle (SA), apprehension test, redislocation and instability rates.ResultsThere was no statistical significant difference in outcomes between both groups investigated. The MPFL reconstruction group showed a trend to better clinical outcomes. Mean postoperative Kujala score and Lysholm score increased significantly in both groups when compared to preoperatively (Kujala:61.4 to 80.8 and 46.9 to 88.8; Lysholm:55.5 to 78.5 and 59.9 to 91.1). Postoperatively a positive apprehension test was found in 8% of the MPFL group and in 20% of Trochleoplasty group. No difference in redislocation (2%) and instability (5–6%) rates between both groups. Mean PTA and SA showed a decrease in the trochleoplasty group (PTA: 30° to 15.9° and 12.6° to 8.1°, SA: 145.5° to 135.7° and 149° to 145.6°).ConclusionConsidering all limitations this systematic review showed that trochleoplasty and MPFL reconstruction are able to deliver good clinical outcomes with stable patellofemoral joints. The minor differences in outcomes seem to be related to different patient populations and surgical techniques.
ACTIVE ANKLE RANGE OF MOTION ASSESSMENT IN ELITE TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES: NORMATIVE VALUES
Authors: Malliaropoulos Nikolaos , Mertyri Dimitra , Tsitas Konstantinos , Papalada Agapi , Maffuli Nicola 
Published: June 2013

Lateral ankle sprains account for 15% to 45% of all sports related injuries. Although often considered minor, they can lead to persistent disability in athletes and long term complications. Over the last decade, several studies have provided the opportunity to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Range of Motion is an important physical characteristic in athletes in terms of performance and injury prevention. Goniometry is an easy and cheap method to assess active ankle range of motion (AROM) to establish normative values. We assessed AROM in elite track and field athletes.During 1999–2011, we measured bilaterally the Ankle AROM with the knee extended during an in-season period with a plastic double-arm goniometer in 137 Elite Greek Track and Field Athletes.Male runners (dominant leg=70.90, non dominant leg=70.60) and jumpers(dominant leg=70.90, non dominant=70.90) had a higher mean AROM than throwers(dominant leg=69.20, non dominant=68.60).Female jumpers had a higher mean AROM(dominant leg=73.20, non dominant=72.30 than both runners(dominant leg=69.60, non dominant=69.50) and throwers (dominant leg=69.1, non dominant=69.50)
THE EFFECT OF EARLY SYSTEMATIC GYMNASTICS TRAINING ON POSTURAL CONTROL
Authors: Hernández Suárez María , Guimeraes Ribeiro Daniel , Hernández Rodriguez José Enerique , Rodríguez Ruíz David , García Manso Juan Manuel 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundIt's well established that by the age of 13, children are capable of applying a postural strategy looking very similar to that adopted by the adults. It's also widely acknowledgment that several years of sport training and competition implies to master stability, particularly in those sports requiring fine postural control, such as rhythmic gymnastics (Viullerme,et al, 2001). The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of early systematic gymnastic training on postural performance and control, by comparing young rhythmic gymnastics with their normally active counterparts (non-athletes).MethodsTwenty-two gymnastics girls of national level (RG: 9.59±1.1 years old; 29.9±5.5kg; 1.37±0.08 m) and nineteen non-athletes girls (non-AT: 9.74±1.0 years old; 38.7±7.3kg; 1.40±0.07 m) participated in the investigation. All Subjects performed a battery of static balance tests under three different conditions: bipedal posture as immobile as possible for 20 seconds with Eyes Open (EO), Eyes Closed (EC) and Unipedal “en-dehors” Posture (UEP). All test were performed while standing on a platform force (MuscleLab® TM system, type PFMA 4000, collection rate of 100Hz). Based on the displacement of the center of pressure variables analyzed were: Ellipse Area of 95 (A95), Mean Velocity (MV). Data were tested (SPSS-v19) for normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test and the U of Mann-Whitney adjustment for non-parametric data (significance level p≤0.05).ResultsBoth investigated groups were similar as regards their anthropometric data. Neither the body mass (p=0.18) nor the body height (p=0.39) differentiated between the RG and non-AT. Moreover, significant differences were observed when comparing groups for MV, but not for A95, in all conditions. Interestingly, RG showed greater values of MV than non-AT in all conditions, although both groups had comparable values of surface A95. In absence of vision (EO vs EC), both groups significantly increased theirs MV, but there was a trend to be weaker this effect in gymnasts.ConclusionsExpertise in RG did not seem to improve postural strategies compared with non-AT young females. This result is in accordance with other authors that supported the idea that improvement of performance due to learning is specific to the task and not directly transferred or generalized to more usual upright stance in young females. The level of a given athlete in his activity does not implicate a corresponding level in performing usual postures (Asseman, et al., 2004).
WHIPLASH INJURIES IN SPORTS ACTIVITIES. CLINICAL OUTCOME AND BIOMECHANICS
Authors: Tsoumpos Pantelis , Kafchitsas Kostas , Wilke Hans-Joachim , Evaνgelou Kostas , Kallivokas Alkis , Habermann Bjoern , Tsepis Elias , Bilis Evdokia , Matzaroglou Charalampos 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundCervical whiplash syndrome, or hyperextension-hyperflexion injury, is a common traumatic injury in sports activities. The mechanisms of injury that cause cervical whiplash syndrome vary, but they may be sufficient enough to cause chronic whiplash syndrome.Methods and PatientsOver 150 injuries were recorded in sports in our Orthopaedic Departments between the years of 2008 and 2011. Whiplash spine injuries have been reported in most contact sports, including indoor soccer, basketball, and wrestling, and in several non contact sports, such as diving. Whiplash spine injuries are estimated to occur in high percentage of indoor soccer players, and most commonly on defensive players. Injury usually is secondary to high-velocity collisions between players, causing acceleration or deceleration of the head on the neck. Acceleration usually causes a whiplash type of extension force on the neck, while deceleration usually results in flexion forces.ResultsSerious injuries with neurologic sequelae remain infrequent in our series, and most of these injuries are self-limited. Quality of life assessment with Euro Quol and Sleep quality tools, in our series, suggest that there is no practical difference with healthy control group normalized regarding to sex, age, socioeconomic status and marital status after six months from initial trauma.Discussion/ConclusionsOur study shows that there is a significant risk of whiplash type injuries in sports, especially indoor soccer. But serious injuries with neurologic sequelae and Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) remain very infrequent.
CHANGES IN RESPONSE OF VASTUS LATERALIS AND BICEPS FEMORIS AFTER A PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROGRAM IN SUBJECTS DIAGNOSED WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz David , Sarmiento Sarmiento , Rodríguez-Matoso Darío , Henríquez del Pino Yessenia , Álvarez-Piñera Lorena , García-Manso Juan Manuel 
Published: June 2013

ObjetiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a physical activity (PA) program and subsequent detraining on the contractile capacity of the Vastus Lateralis (VL) and Biceps Femoris (BF) in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease (AD).MethodsA total of 37 subjects were divided in: the intervention group (IG) consisted of 19 subjects (75.58 years ±6.18) and the control group (CG) for 18 subjects (79.92 years ±7.03). The PA intervention program was 4 month length, 60 training sessions and 5 days/week. The Tensiomyography (TMG) was used to assess the maximum radial displacement of the muscle belly (Dm) and the normalized response velocity (Vrn) in VL and BF of both legs. The assessment was performed before intervention (Pre), at the end of four months of intervention (Post) and two months after finishing the intervention (Post 2).ResultsVrn for VL in IG increased in both legs after the intervention program (p≤0.05) while later decreased in the post2 (p≤0.05). Although we observe an increase of Vrn in CG (p≤0.05) it was not significantly higher than baseline levels (pre). The BF shows the same trend than VL for Vrn in IG, whereas in CG there is a tendency to maintain values. Dm for VL shows a decrease in post and an increased in post 2 assessment in IG. Dm values for left BF show significant differences in IG whereas in CG there is a tendency to maintain values. Dm for VL in IG decrease in both legs in post assessment (p≤0.05), and increases in post2 (p≤0.05). However, Dm showed only significant increases in right VL post assessment compared to baseline.ConclusionsA PA program adapted to elderly diagnosed with AD, produces changes in morphology and muscle responses. Further, it enhances balance and motor skills, which results in a reduction in the risk of falls, improves the quality of life, and return to baseline values.
EXPERTISE AND STRATEGIES ON POSTURAL CONTROL OF YOUNG SURFERS AT DIFFERENT LEVEL OF COMPETITION
Authors: Guimaraes Ribeiro Daniel , Rodríguez Ruiz David , Hernández Suárez Maria , Rodríguez Matoso Dario , García Manso Juan Manuel 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundInvestigation of postural control in sports which require excellent postural performance, like surfing, gives insight into development of specific control strategies. The aim of the current study was to compare postural performance and strategy between young surfers of different levels of competition (international and national).MethodsTwenty surfers were separated in two groups in accordance with their competition level: Ten international level surfers (INT) (17.7±1.7 years; 172.6±8.42 cm; 65.0±10.3 kg; 7.75±3.6 surfing years) and 10 national level surfers (NAT) (15.80±1.75 years; 168.60±12.02 cm; 59.25±12.12 kg; 6.6±3.6 surfing years). Subjects performed a battery of static balance tests under three different conditions: eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC) and while performing a concurrent cognitive task (modified stroop test -MST). All tests were performed while standing on a platform force (MuscleLab® TM system, type PFMA 4000, collection rate of 100Hz), in bipedal posture, staying as immobile as possible for 30 seconds. Based on the displacement of the center of pressure, variables analyzed were: Ellipse Area of 95% (A95), Mean Velocity (MV) and frequency analysis (fast Fourier transform). Data was tested (SPSS-v17) for normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test and the U of Mann-Whitney adjustment for non-parametric data (significance level p≤0.05).ResultsBoth groups showed significantly greater values for MV when comparing the effect of the condition to the control test, EO vs. EC (p=0.007), and EO vs. MST (p=0.027). However, no differences were found in either of the variables when level of competition was analyzed. Although, INT showed smaller values of MV and A95 in all tests, except for A95 in the MST condition, evidencing better postural control (Palliardet al., 2006). Mean Velocity values for INT were: 17.1±3.9; 19.6±3.9; 19.5±7.2 mm/s2, and for NAT were: 18.7±3.3; 21.6±4.4; 21.2±7.2 mm/s2, for EO, EC, and MST condition, respectively. Values of A95 for INT were: 137.9 ±100.9; 148.1±58.7; 158.2 ±117.9 mm2and for NAT were: 141.9±44.9; 260.2±209.20; 138.6±55.9 mm2, again for EO,EC and MST. In respect to the spectral analysis, INT showed a trend to use a greater portion of energy in the low frequency band in all conditions.ConclusionsOur results could indicate that experience in the surfing environment may result in specific strategy adaptation, by means of a more efficient visio-vestibular input (Chapmanet al., 2008). A better understanding of these strategies can help athletic trainers and clinicians to develop exercises in an attempt to enhance performance, reduce risk of musculoskeletal injuries or for rehabilitation therapies purposes.
TRUNK AND GLUTEUS-MEDIUS MUSCLES' FATIGABILITY DURING OCCUPATIONAL STANDING IN CLINICAL INSTRUCTORS WITH LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: Embaby Eman , Abdallah Amira 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundOccupational standing is associated with low back pain (LBP) development. Yet, trunk and gluteus-medius muscles' fatigability has not been extensively studied during occupational standing. This study examined and correlated the rectus abdominus (RA), erector-spinae (ES), external oblique (EO), and gluteus-medius (GM) muscles' fatigability on both sides while standing in a confined area for 30 min.MethodsMedian frequency EMG data were collected from 15 female clinical instructors with chronic LBP (group A) and 15 asymptomatic controls (group B) (mean age 29.53±2.4 vs 29.07±2.4 years, weight 63.6±7 vs 60±7.8kg, and height 162.73±4 vs 162.8±6 cm respectively) using a spectrum analysis program. Data were collected in the first and last 5 min of the standing task.ResultsUsing Mixed three-way ANOVA, groupA showed significantly (p<0.05) lower frequencies for the right and left ES, and right GM in the last 5min and significantly higher frequencies for the left RA in the first and last 5min than group B. In addition, the left ES and right EO, ES and GM in group B showed significantly higher frequencies and the left ES in groupA showed significantly lower frequencies in the last 5 min compared with the first. Moreover, the right RA showed significantly higher frequencies than the left in the last 5 min in groupB. Finally, there were significant (p<0.05) correlations among the median frequencies of the tested four muscles on the same side and between both sides in both groups.Discussion/ConclusionsClinical instructors with LBP are more liable to have higher trunk and gluteus-medius muscle fatigue than asymptomatic individuals. Thus, endurance training for these muscles should be included in the rehabilitation of such patients.Key words: Fatigability, Trunk, Gluteus-medius, EMG, Standing, LBP