bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of factors selectively related to herpes zoster involving peripheral sensory ganglia: Retrospective study
Authors: Liu Jing , Wang Cihan , Li Xin , Guan Jingjing , Song Xiaowei , Song Yinghao , Wang Cunjin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerpes zoster (HZ), resulting from the reactivation of the varicella‐zoster virus, is a significant disease. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing sensory neuron involvement in HZ at different locations and its association with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). A total of 3143 cases were retrieved from an electronic medical record system, including 2676 cases of HZ and 467 cases of PHN. Gender, age, site of onset, past surgical history, and comorbidities were analyzed using a multifactorial logistic regression model. The results revealed correlations between age, gender, comorbidities (diabetes, coronary heart disease, percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]), and sensory neuron involvement in HZ. Specifically, older age, female gender, and comorbid conditions such as diabetes/coronary heart disease were associated with sacral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) involvement, while PCI history was associated with lumbar DRG involvement. Additionally, sensory neuron involvement at different locations by HZ was linked to PHN. Furthermore, independent risk factors for PHN included thoracic DRG involvement, older age, and comorbidities (diabetes, surgical history, malignancy). It is crucial to prevent damage to the DRG, especially in individuals with comorbidities, through activities avoidance and active treatment, to minimize the occurrence of PHN.
Point‐of‐Care‐Ultrasound Quality Assurance Data From Fellow‐Performed Exams in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Arand Christina R. , Noble Jennifer , Haber Brian D. , Favot Mark J. , Ehrman Robert R. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesPoint‐of‐care‐ultrasound (POCUS) is increasingly used by pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows, but scant data exists on the accuracy of exam interpretations. Our goal was to determine whether agreement on exam interpretation between quality assurance (QA) faculty (reference standard) and PEM fellows varied by fellowship year or exam type.MethodsRetrospective review of fellow‐performed POCUS exams between January 2019 and June 2022. Negative binomial (NB) random effects regression was used to account for longitudinal measurement of individual fellow performance across 3 years. Fixed effects were exam type and fellowship year. To assess between‐ and within‐user variability across time, a random intercept and slope were included for each fellow.ResultsExactly 3032 exams, performed by 24 fellows, were included. Raw proportion agreement by fellowship year was high for all exam types (≥88%). From the NB model, there was no statistically significant effect of fellowship year on the mean count of agreement. The relative risk (RR) of agreement for exam types was greatest for cardiac vs other types. The standard deviations for the random intercept and random slope were 0.09 and 0.04, respectively, with a correlation of −0.94.ConclusionsPEM fellows generally interpret exams correctly, with little variation through fellowship, although those who began with more basic skills showed more progress over time. Fellowship year did not influence the likelihood of correct interpretation but there was variation across exam type, with the best agreement for cardiac exams. The extent to which disagreements between fellows and QA faculty represent clinically significant errors requires further study.
Automated Sleep Detection in Movement Disorders Using Deep Brain Stimulation and Machine Learning
Authors: Balachandar Arjun , Hashim Yosra , Vaou Okeanis , Fasano Alfonso 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAutomated sleep detection in movement disorders may allow monitoring sleep, potentially guiding adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS).ObjectivesThe aims were to compare wake‐versus‐sleep status (WSS) local field potentials (LFP) in a home environment and develop biomarkers of WSS in Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor (ET), and Tourette's syndrome (TS) patients.MethodsFive PD, 2 ET, and 1 TS patient were implanted with Medtronic Percept (3 STN [subthalamic nucleus], 3 GPi [globus pallidus interna], and 2 ventral intermediate nucleus). Over five to seven nights, β‐band (12.5–30 Hz) and/or α‐band (7–12 Hz) LFP power spectral densities were recorded. Wearable actigraphs tracked sleep.ResultsFrom sleep to wake, PD LFP β‐power increased in STN and decreased in GPi, and α‐power increased in both. Machine learning classifiers were trained. For PD, the highest WSS accuracy was 93% (F1 = 0.93), 86% across all patients (F1 = 0.86). The maximum accuracy was 86% for ET and 89% for TS.ConclusionChronic intracranial narrowband recordings can accurately identify sleep in various movement disorders and targets in this proof‐of‐concept study. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
The United States Department of Energy and National Institutes of Health Collaboration: Medical Care Advances by Discovery in Radiation Detection
Authors: Buchsbaum Jeffrey , Capala Jacek , Obcemea Ceferino , Keppel Cynthia , Asai Makoto , Chen Guang‐Hong , Christy M. Eric , Fakhri Georges El , Gueye Paul , Pogue Brian , Ruckman Larry , Tourassi Georgia , Vetter Kai , Zhao Wei , Squires Allison , Saboury Babak , Wang Ge , Domurat‐Sousa Kepler , Weisenberger Andrew 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA National Institutes of Health (NIH) and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science virtual workshop on shared general topics was held in July of 2021 and reported on in this publication in January of 2023. Following the inaugural 2021 joint meeting representatives from the DOE Office of Science and NIH met to discuss organizing a second joint workshop that would concentrate on radiation detection to bring together teams from both agencies and their grantee populations to stimulate collaboration and efficiency. To meet this scientific mission within the NIH and DOE radiation detection space, the organizers assembled workshop sessions covering the state‐of‐the‐art in cameras, detectors, and sensors for radiation external and internal (diagnostic and therapeutic) to human, data acquisition and electronics, image reconstruction and processing, and the application of artificial intelligence. NIH and DOE are committed to continuing the process of convening a joint workshop every 12–24 months. This Special Report recaps the findings of this second workshop. Beyond showing only the innovations and areas of success, important gaps in our knowledge were defined and presented. We summarize by defining four areas of greatest opportunity and need that emerged from the unique, dynamic dialogue the in‐person workshop provided the attendees.
Association between nighttime urinary frequency and clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kitahata Shogo , Furukawa Shinya , Miyake Teruki , Yoshida Osamu , Shiraishi Kana , Hashimoto Yu , Tange Kazuhiro , Sen Yagi , Hanayama Masakazu , Ninomiya Tomoyuki , Suzuki Seiyuu , Shibata Naozumi , Murakami Hidehiro , Ohashi Katsuhisa , Tomida Hideomi , Yamamoto Yasunori , Takeshita Eiji , Ikeda Yoshio , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionNocturia is a common symptom of lower urinary tract syndrome (LUTS). In previous studies, a close association between LUTS and colorectal inflammation has been reported. However, evidence regarding the association between nighttime urinary frequency and ulcerative colitis (UC) is limited. Herein, we investigated the association between nighttime urinary frequency and clinical outcomes of UC.MethodsWe surveyed 287 Japanese patients with UC. A self‐administered questionnaire was used to collect the information on the variables studied. Patients were divided into three groups based on nighttime urinary frequency: (1) no voids, (2) one void, and (3) two or more voids. The assessment of clinical outcomes was based on mucosal healing (MH) and clinical remission (CR). The association between nighttime urinary frequency and prevalence of MH and CR was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe prevalence of one nighttime frequency and two or more nighttime frequency in this cohort was 35.5% and 26.8%, respectively. The percentage of MH and CR was 24.7% and 59.2%, respectively. Two or more nighttime frequency (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13–0.73) was independently and inversely associated with MH. In nonelderly patients (<70 years) and patients in CR, an association between two or more nighttime frequency and MH remained significant (non‐elderly: adjusted OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09–0.72 and only CR: adjusted OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12–0.90).ConclusionNighttime urinary frequency was independently and inversely associated with MH in Japanese patients with UC. Nighttime urinary frequency may serve as a complementary physical sign of MH in patients with UC.
Attention and executive functioning in children and adolescents treated for high‐risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report from the Children's Oncology Group (COG)
Authors: Hardy Kristina K. , Embry Leanne , Kairalla John A. , Sharkey Christina , Gioia Anthony R. , Griffin Danielle , Berger Carly , Weisman Hannah S. , Noll Robert B. , Winick Naomi J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesSurvivors of childhood B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) are at risk for difficulties with attention and executive functioning (EF) as a late effect of treatment. The present study aimed to identify treatment and demographic factors associated with risk for difficulties with EF in youth treated for high‐risk B‐ALL.MethodChildren and adolescents with B‐ALL treated on Children's Oncology Group (COG) protocol AALL0232 were randomized to high‐dose or escalating‐dose methotrexate (MTX), and either dexamethasone or prednisone during the induction phase. Neuropsychological functioning was evaluated via protocol AALL06N1, including performance‐based and parent‐report measures, for 177 participants (57% female, 81% white; mean age at diagnosis = 8.4 years; SD = 5.0) 8‐24 months following treatment completion.ResultsMean scores for all attention and EF measures were within the average range, with no significant differences as a function of MTX delivery or steroid treatment (all p > 0.05). In multivariable models, participants with US public insurance exhibited significantly greater parent‐reported EF difficulties than those with US private or non‐US insurance (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, participants diagnosed under 10 years of age performed significantly more poorly on measures of attention (i.e., continuous performance task, p ≤ 0.05) and EF (i.e., verbal fluency and tower planning task, p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsFor survivors of pediatric B‐ALL, treatment‐related factors were not associated with attention or EF outcomes. In contrast, outcomes varied by demographic characteristics, including age and insurance type, an indicator of economic hardship. Future research is needed to more directly assess the contribution of socioeconomic status on cognitive outcomes in survivors.
Investigating the effect of Nylon 6.6 electrospun nanofiber mats and punch—Die clearance on the damaged area and residual strength of punched glass/epoxy composite laminates
Authors: Gholizadeh Ali , Nikbakht Ali , Mollaei Dariani Bijan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, interleaving electrospun Nylon 6.6 nanofibers in the laminate was utilized to improve interlaminar properties of glass/epoxy composite during punching and as a solution to this issue. In order to do so, virgin and nano modified samples are produced and punched and the results are compared to determine the effect of nanofibers on the damaged area as well as the three‐point bending residual strength (carried out on both penetration and exit sides) of the punched laminate. Furthermore, punch—die clearance was also varied to investigate the range in which the nano modification improves the outcome of the process on the laminated composite. According to results of this study, using of Nylon 6.6 nanofibers between composite layers causes significant decrease in the damaged area up to 50%. Also, in both virgin and nano modified laminates, increasing the punch—die clearance increases the damaged area up to 50% and reduces the residual strength of the laminates up to 17%. In addition, nano modified laminates, the residual strength increased up to 28% and 22% for three‐point bending tests carried out on both punch penetration‐ and exit‐side samples, respectively. This is due to the fact that the punch exit‐side contains more damage compared to the penetration‐side.Highlights
Toughening glass/epoxy laminates using electrospoon Nylon 6.6 nanofibers.
Decreasing the damage area occur in the punching of composite laminates.
Decreasing the damage area in punching by decreasing the punch‐die clearance.
Increasing the strength of punched laminates by applying nanofibers.
Tensile and flexural strength enhancement in carbon‐fiber epoxy composites using a novel method of particle type electrophoretic deposition of carboxyl functionalized graphene on carbon fiber
Authors: Jatothu Praveenkumar , Srivastava Alok K. , Singh Aparna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolymer composites reinforced with carbon fiber (CF) are strong, light weight and corrosion‐resistant, and have a wide range of applications in automobile, sports, aerospace, wind energy etc. but are prone to fail at the interface of epoxy and fiber due to weak interfacial adhesion between the fiber and epoxy. Formation of an interphase region with a continuous gradation of properties between fiber and the epoxy can potentially delay failure. Development of a larger interphase can be facilitated by the inclusion of graphene platelets on carbon fiber surface through various deposition processes. The present investigation utilizes a unique combination of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and carboxyl graphene (G‐COOH) to create a colloidal solution for the particulate type deposition of G‐COOH onto carbon fibers through electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Four layers of EPD deposited carbon fibers have been used to make the composite using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding technique. Tensile and flexural tests have been conducted on the pristine and 0.45 wt% of G‐COOH deposited carbon fiber (0.45G‐COOH CF) epoxy composite. G‐COOH addition leads to thickening of the interphase which has been confirmed through energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy line scanning. The tensile and flexural strength properties of the carboxyl graphene deposited composites exhibited an increase of 62% and 12% respectively. These improvements can be ascribed to the deposition of carboxyl graphene particles on the fiber and an enhancement in interphase thickness. Moreover, the addition of G‐COOH in composites resulted in a 38% increase in tensile strain. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and void content measured in 0.45G‐COOH CF have been compared with pristine carbon fiber composite as well as 1.3 wt% of carboxyl graphene (1.3G‐COOH) deposited carbon fiber fabric composite that had a film type morphology of G‐COOH deposition. There is only a slight decrease in ILSS of 0.45G‐COOH carbon fiber composites occurred compared to pristine carbon fiber composites. The film type morphology of carbon fiber composite showed the highest void content and lowest ILSS compared to other composites. The fracture surfaces of the failed composites were thoroughly examined through scanning electron microscope and they showed that the failure mechanisms in both tension and flexural loading were severely affected by the presence of G‐COOH.Highlights
Optimization of electrophoretic deposition process parameters for carboxyl graphene deposition on carbon fiber fabrics.
Enhancement composite strength through the particle type deposition of carboxyl graphene over film type deposition.
Evaluation of the tensile, flexural and interlaminar shear strength of particle type carboxyl graphene deposited composite.
Identified the failure mechanisms of these tests.
The effect of hybridization and stainless steel mesh on the post‐impact performance of needle punched banana/pineapple/unsaturated polyester composites
Authors: Karthikeyan R. , Sravanth Kumar Reddy N. , Suresh Kumar C. , Sundararaj M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe main limitations of using natural fibers reinforced unsaturated polyester (UPE) composites is poor impact damage behaviors. This work focuses to improve impact damage resistance and residual strength of needle punched banana and pineapple fibers UPE composites by hybridization and incorporating stainless steel (SS) mesh. Different configurations such as banana/UPE (PB), pineapple/UPE (PP) and banana/pineapple/UPE (H) composites were fabricated. Later, SS mesh was incorporated in PB, PP and H composites which are denoted as BS, PS and HS respectively. All specimens were impacted with incident energy of 3.5 and 15 J using Fractovis instrumental low velocity impact tester at 2 and 4 m/s respectively. Subsequently, residual strength of impacted specimens was estimated using three point bending test. Results reveal that the HS composites have least residual dent of 0.89 and 3.9 mm and maximum contact force of 1507 and 1959 N were obtained under the impacted velocity of 2 and 4 m/s respectively, which indicated better damage resistance followed by PS, PP, BS, H and PB specimens. Similarly, the least absorbed energy of 1.9 and 12 J observed in HS composites showed better impact damage tolerance. Moreover, the damage degree and performance index were computed and validated with obtained results. The least reduction of residual strength of 1.2% and 3.2% in HS composites confirmed the better impact damage resistance as compared with all other configurations. Finally, microstructural analysis was performed to correlate the impact induced damage mechanisms.Highlights
HS composites exhibited the least residual dent of 0.89 mm
Impact load bearing capacity of HS composites was drastically improved by 280%
Strong interfacial adhesion between the banana fiber and SS mesh was observed
HS composites showed greater impact resistance under both velocities
There is no significant reduction of residual strength in HS composites
Transcrystallization in self‐reinforced polylactic acid composites and its effect on interfacial and tensile properties
Authors: Tao Yinping , Niu Guiling , Chen Qi , Bilotti Emiliano , Peijs Ton 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe transcrystalline layer (TCL) constitutes a cylindrical crystal structure enveloping a reinforcing fiber, which plays a pivotal role in influencing the interfacial stress transfer within composite materials. However, its potential impact on interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and tensile properties of self‐reinforced polylactic acid composites (SRPLA) have been largely overlooked. In this study, the growth of TCL with isothermal crystallization time was observed. The development of TCL had an optimum effect on interfacial bonding (IFSS increased by 57.3%) after 10 min of isothermal crystallization due to improved “anchoring” effect caused by the interaction between the amorphous region in both TCL and the matrix. Prolonged isothermal crystallization time reversed this effect due to less chain entanglements as a result of spherulites growth and transcrystalline structure perfection. In terms of tensile properties, the development of the TCL exhibited a detrimental effect on tensile strength and strain at break, ascribed to a transition of tensile failure mode from a fiber‐dominated failure mode to a matrix‐dominated failure mode, yet yielded a positive influence on Young's modulus. This study offers crucial insights and guidance for comprehending the impact of TCL on SRPLA properties, thereby facilitating the potential for optimization of SRPLA properties.Highlights
In‐situ observation of the TCL growth in SRPLA.
Insight into impact of TCL development on IFSS and tensile properties.
Essential guidance for SRPLA performance optimization.
Nano‐particles doped carbon nanotube films for in‐situ monitoring of temperature and strain during the processing of carbon fiber/epoxy composites
Authors: Xing Fei , He Zilan , Wang Shaokai , Gu Yizhuo , Han Jianchao , Wang Yanjie , Zhang Wei , Li Min 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) film is favored in structural health monitoring of advanced composite materials, primarily due to its commendable mechanical properties and piezoresistive properties. Nonetheless, floating catalytic chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) is an attractive method for fabrication of CNT films, and the electrical response to strain of FCCVD‐prepared CNT films is impeded by high aspect ratio and lamellar packing structure. For this purpose, FCCVD CNT films were modified by HCl dissolving Fe impurities, nano‐SiO2 particles doping and freeze‐drying in combination to increase the spacing between CNTs and its networks as well as their strain sensitivities. It showed that the gauge factor (GF) according to the variation of resistance (ΔR/R0) of the co‐modified film (CNT‐HCl‐SiO2 film) was up to 15.6 for the tensile strain at the bottom surface of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates during the process of bending tests. The bending cycle experiment of the CFRP showed relatively stable changes of ΔR/R0 with the strains for CNT‐HCl‐SiO2 film, while that of the pristine CNT film (CNT‐HCl‐0 film) displayed unstable non‐monotonic changes and that of HCl purified CNT film (CNT‐HCl‐10 film) revealed a gradual declining tendency. Moreover, the ΔR/R0 of CNT‐HCl‐SiO2 film exhibited excellent sensitivity to the strains of multiple bistable‐deformations of cross‐ply CFRP laminates. Strain gauge analysis indicated that a 51% increase of ΔR/R0 of CNT‐HCl‐SiO2 film at the 90° layer surface corresponded to the average strain of 434 με, meanwhile a 37% increase of ΔR/R0 of the CNT film at the 0° layer surface corresponded to the strain of averagely −173.9 με, and both exhibited super high GFs of 1175 and 2108, respectively. Based on this high sensitivity, CNT‐HCl‐SiO2 film also had the ability to predict the release of residual stress during the demoulding process of CFRP.Highlights
Even SiO2 dispersion in CNT film, increased the pristine film thickness by 10 times
GF of CNT‐HCl‐SiO2 film increased by 68% than CNT‐HCl‐0 film and by 164% than CNT‐HCl‐10 film
SiO2 doping significantly improved the stability of the CNT film's ΔR/R0 with temperature and strain
CNT‐HCl‐SiO2 film has the ability to monitor the deformation and residual stress of CFRP