bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bead‐spring models of entangled polymer melts: Comparison of hard‐core and soft‐core potentials
Authors: Sliozberg Yelena R. , Sirk Timothy W. , Brennan John K. , Andzelm Jan W. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTwo bead‐spring models of flexible chains for generic coarse graining of entangled polymer melts, the excluded volume Kremer–Grest (KG) model and the modified segmental repulsive potential (mSRP) combined with a weakly repulsive potential, are compared. For chains containing an equivalent number of entanglements, we compare the chain characteristics of the KG and mSRP polymer models by determining the ratios of the entanglement lengths$ N_{\rm e}^{{\rm KG}} /N_{\rm e}^{{\rm mSRP}} $, the required total number of particles to capture comparable entanglement phenomena$ N_{{\rm tot}}^{{\rm KG}} /N_{{\rm tot}}^{{\rm mSRP}} $, and the time scaling ratiosτmSRP/τKG. Our findings show that systems using the mSRP polymer model require half the number of particles and relax four times faster compared to the KG polymer model. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
Low‐frequency processes and turbulence structure in a perturbed boundary layer
Authors: Mortarini L. , Ferrero E. , Falabino S. , Trini Castelli S. , Richiardone R. , Anfossi D. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAn analysis of the turbulence structure in a perturbed boundary layer and in low‐wind regimes is presented. The study is based on 15 months of continuous wind and turbulence measurements gathered, within the framework of the Urban Turbulence Project, at three levels (5, 9 and 25 m) on a mast located in the outskirts of the city of Turin (Italy). The aim of the work is to investigate low‐frequency processes in a perturbed boundary‐layer. In fact, the urban canopy and the heat island, together with frequent low‐wind conditions, interact with and modify the turbulence structure. In order to investigate this modification, the velocity Eulerian autocorrelation functions together with both the Eulerian and Lagrangian time‐scales are shown and compared with the classical theory. The comparisons show that in low‐wind cases the velocity autocorrelation functions are not simply exponential but present an oscillating behaviour. A method of normalization is proposed together with an analysis on the applicability of this function. The estimated Lagrangian time‐scales are compared with two widely used parametrizations. It is found that the presence of the urban fabric influences the turbulence time‐scales and suggests the development of new parametrizations. Finally, higher‐order statistics are evaluated and the relationship between higher‐order and lower‐order moments are analysed, pointing out the effects due to the urban environment. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Comparison of Lorenz and Charney–Phillips vertical discretisations for dynamics–boundary layer coupling. Part II: Transients
Authors: Holdaway D. , Thuburn J. , Wood N. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA numerical comparison of the Lorenz and Charney–Phillips vertical grids for capturing the steady state of a set of equations that models the large‐scale dynamics of the atmosphere and the planetary boundary layer (Part I of this article) has revealed important differences between the grids. Due to suppression of a negative feedback, Charney–Phillips grids that involve averaging of shear in the boundary‐layer terms are not able to capture the structure of the boundary layer accurately. The Lorenz grid performs well in terms of capturing the boundary layer on its own, but the Charney–Phillips grids that use averaging of potential temperature gradient are generally preferred once dynamics are included. Any finite‐difference approximation of the problem must be capable of accurately representing both the steady‐state and time‐dependent parts of the solution. In this Part II of the article, the ability of the Lorenz and Charney–Phillips configurations to capture the transient part of the system is considered. The configurations are compared in terms of their ability to capture the eigenmodes of the solution. Full comparison between Lorenz and Charney–Phillips grids is limited by non‐normality of the linearised system, associated with the boundary layer. The Lorenz grid computational mode is examined. The structure is modified by the boundary layer but it still exists. For the modes that could be accurately examined, it is found that both grids perform well in terms of capturing spatial and temporal mode structure. Some Lorenz grid modes are identified that have spurious computational mode‐like behaviour occurring near the top of the boundary layer. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Adolescents' declining motivation to learn science: A follow‐up study
Authors: Vedder‐Weiss Dana , Fortus David 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis is a mix methods follow‐up study in which we reconfirm the findings from an earlier study [Vedder‐Weiss & Fortus [2011] Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(2), 199–216]. The findings indicate that adolescents' declining motivation to learn science, which was found in many previous studies [Galton [2009] Moving to secondary school: Initial encounters and their effects. Perspectives on Education, 2(Primary‐secondary Transfer in Science), 5–21. Retrieved from www.wellcome.ac.uk/perspectives; Osborne, Simon, & Collins, [2003] International Journal of Science Education 25(9), 1049–1079], is not an inevitable phenomenon since it appears not to occur in Israeli democratic schools. In addition to reinforcing previous results in a different sample, new results show that the differences between the two school types are also apparent in terms of students' self‐efficacy in science learning, students' perceptions of their teachers' goals emphases, and students' perception of their peers' goals orientation. Quantitative results are accompanied by rich verbal examples of ways in which students view and articulate their own and their teachers' goal emphases. Content analysis of students' interviews showed that students in traditional schools are directed more towards goals that are external and related to the outcome of learning in comparison to democratic school students who are motivated more by goals that are internal and related to the process of learning. Structure analysis of these interviews suggests that democratic school students experience a greater sense of autonomy in their science learning than traditional school students do. Implications for research on students' motivation are discussed, such as considering not only the teacher and the classroom but also the school culture. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 49: 1057–1095, 2012
Exploring the relationship between self‐efficacy and retention in introductory physics
Authors: Sawtelle Vashti , Brewe Eric , Kramer Laird H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe quantitative results of Sources of Self‐Efficacy in Science Courses‐Physics (SOSESC‐P) are presented as a logistic regression predicting the passing of students in introductory Physics with Calculus I, overall as well as disaggregated by gender. Self‐efficacy as a theory to explain human behavior change [Bandura [1977] Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215] has become a focus of education researchers. Zeldin and Pajares [Zeldin & Pajares [2000] American Educational Research Journal, 37(1), 215] and Zeldin, Britner, and Pajares [2008] Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45(9), 1036–1058] found evidence that men and women draw on different sources for evaluation of their self‐efficacy in science fields. Further, self‐efficacy is one of the primary dimensions of students' overall science identity and contributes to their persistence in physics [Hazari, Sonnert, Sadler, & Shanahan, 2010Journal of Research in Science Teaching 47(8), 978–1003]. At Florida International University we have examined the self‐efficacy of students in the introductory physics classes from the perspective of gender theory, with the intention of understanding the subtleties in how sources of self‐efficacy provide a mechanism for understanding retention in physics. Using a sequential logistic regression analysis we uncover subtle distinctions in the predictive ability of the sources of self‐efficacy. Predicting the probability of passing for women relies primarily on the vicarious learning experiences source, with no significant contribution from the social persuasion experiences, while predicting the probability of passing for men requires only the mastery experiences source. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 49: 1096–1121, 2012
Relational concurrent refinement part III: traces, partial relations and automata
Authors: Derrick John , Boiten Eerke 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Data refinement in a state-based language such as Z is defined using a relational model in terms of the behaviour of abstract programs. Downward and upward simulation conditions form a sound and jointly complete methodology to verify relational data refinements, which can be checked on an event-by-event basis rather than per trace. In models of concurrency, refinement is often defined in terms of sets of observations, which can include the events a system is prepared to accept or refuse, or depend on explicit properties of states and transitions. By embedding such concurrent semantics into a relational framework, eventwise verification methods for such refinement relations can be derived. In this paper, we continue our program of deriving simulation conditions for process algebraic refinement by defining further embeddings into our relational model: traces, completed traces, failure traces and extension. We then extend our framework to include various notions of automata based refinement.
Laparoscopic major liver resection in Korea: a multicenter study
Authors: Hwang Dae Wook , Han Ho‐Seong , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Cho Jai Young , Kwon Yujin , Kim Ji Hoon , Park Joon Seong , Yoon Dong Sup , Choi In Seok , Ahn Keun Soo , Kim Yong Hoon , Kang Koo Jeong , Kim Young Hoon , Roh Young Hoon , Chu Chong Woo , Kim Hyung Chul , Kang Chang Moo , Choi Gi Hong , Choi Jin Sub , Kim Kyung Sik , Lee Woo Jung , Yun Sung Su , Kim Hong Jin , Min Seog Ki , Lee Hyeon Kook , Song In‐Sang , Chun Kwang‐Sik , Cho Eung‐Ho , Han Sung‐Sik , Park Sang‐Jae 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIntroductionWe report our experience with laparoscopic major liver resection in Korea based on a multicenter retrospective study.Materials and methodsData from 1,009 laparoscopic liver resections conducted from 2001 to 2011 were retrospectively collected. Twelve tertiary medical centers with specialized hepatic surgeons participated in this study.ResultsAmong 1,009 laparoscopic liver resections, major liver resections were performed in 265 patients as treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, metastatic tumor, intrahepatic duct stone, and other conditions. The most frequently performed procedure was left hemihepatectomy (165 patients), followed by right hemihepatectomy (53 patients). Pure laparoscopic procedure was performed in 190 patients including 19 robotic liver resections. Hand‐assisted laparoscopic liver resection was performed in three patients and laparoscopy‐assisted liver resection in 55 patients. Open conversion was performed in 17 patients (6.4 %). Mean operative time and estimated blood loss in laparoscopic major liver resection was 399.3 ± 169.8 min and 836.0 ± 1223.7 ml, respectively. Intraoperative transfusion was required in 65 patients (24.5 %). Mean postoperative length of stay was 12.3 ± 7.9 days. Postoperative complications were detected in 53 patients (20.0 %), and in‐hospital mortality occurred in two patients (0.75 %). Mean number and mean maximal size of resected tumors was 1.22 ± 1.54 and 40.0 ± 27.8 mm, respectively. R0 resection was achieved in 120 patients with hepatic tumor, but R1 resection was performed in eight patients. Mean distance of safe resection margin was 14.6 ± 15.8 mm.ConclusionsLaparoscopic major liver resection has become a reliable option for treatment of liver disease in Korea.
Extrahepatic Glissonean approach for laparoscopic major liver resection (with video)
Authors: Cho Akihiro , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Kainuma Osamu , Ota Takumi , Park Seong Jin , Arimitsu Hidehito , Ikeda Atsushi , Souda Hiroaki , Nabeya Yoshihiro , Takiguchi Nobuhiro , Nagata Matsuo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAlthough recent technological developments and improved endoscopic procedures have further spread the application of laparoscopic liver resection, laparoscopic major liver resection remains a highly specialized field because there are major technical difficulties, such as hilar dissection and pedicle control. The entire length of the primary branches of the Glissonean pedicle and the origin of the secondary branches are located outside the liver. In contrast, the trunks of the secondary branches and more peripheral branches run inside the liver. The right, left, anterior, or posterior Glissonean pedicle can thus be tied and divided en bloc extrahepatically during open anatomical liver resection. Each Glissonean pedicle can be easily and safely encircled and divided en bloc extrahepatically during laparoscopic anatomical liver resection using an Endo Retract Maxi or Endo Mini‐Retract. This report describes a novel technique by which the extrahepatic Glissonean approach appears to be both feasible and safe for the performance of laparoscopic major liver resection.
The Investigation of the Binding of 6-Mercaptopurine to Site I on Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Sochacka Jolanta , Baran Wojciech 
Published: September 2012

Abstract6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is one of a large series of purine analogues which has been found active against human leukemias. The equilibrium dialysis, circular dichroism (CD) and molecular docking were employed to study the binding of 6-MP to human serum albumin (HSA). The binding of 6-MP to HSA in the equilibrium dialysis experiment was detected by measuring the displacement of 6-MP by specific markers for site I on HSA, warfarin (RWF), phenylbutazone (PhB) and n-butylp-aminobenzoate (ABE). It was shown, according to CD data, that binding of 6-MP to HSA leads to alteration of HSA secondary structure. Based on the findings from displacement experiment and molecular docking simulation it was found that 6-MP was located within binding cavity of subdomain IIA and the space occupied by site markers overlapped with that of 6-MP. Displacement of 6-MP by the RWF or PhB was not up the level expected for a competitive mechanism, therefore displacement of 6-MP was rather by non-cooperative than that the direct competition. Instead, in case of the interaction between ABE and 6-MP, when the little enhancement of the binding of ABE by 6-MP was found, the interaction could be via a positively cooperative mechanism.
Association between Individual DASH Tasks and Restricted Wrist Flexion and Extension after Volar Plate Fixation of a Fracture of the Distal Radius
Authors: Bot Arjan G. J. , Souer J. Sebastiaan , van Dijk C. Niek , Ring David 
Published: September 2012

Background Symptoms and psychosocial factors are suggested to account for more of the variation in disability than physical impairment, but perhaps less so at the level of specific tasks. This study assessed the influence of impaired wrist motion on specific tasks on the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. Methods Sixty-three patients with an operatively treated fracture of the distal radius completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) just before surgery and the DASH questionnaire 3 months after surgery. Nine questions on the DASH were selected as potentially sensitive to changes in wrist motion and evaluated in bivariate and multivariable analyses. Results In multivariable models of factors associated with specific tasks, only “Open a tight or new jar” was affected by wrist flexion and PCS accounting for 33 % of the variation. Motion, pain, and PCS were significant predictors of the DASH score. Among the eight tasks not related to wrist motion, 33 % of the variation in disability with writing was accounted for by PCS and limb dominance; 20 % of disability preparing a meal by pain, CES-D, and PCS; 14 % of disability with making a bed by pain and CES-D; and 23 % of changing a light bulb overhead by age, pain, and fracture type. Conclusions After volar plate fixation of a fracture of the distal radius, upper extremity disability based on select items from the DASH questionnaire correlated minimally with impairment of wrist motion, even at the level of specific tasks. Level of Evidence Prognostic Level II.
Development of a Method for Analyzing Three-Dimensional Scapula Kinematics
Authors: Janes William E. , Brown J. M. , Essenberg J. M. , Engsberg J. R. 
Published: September 2012

Background Scapula mobility complicates upper extremity kinematics assessment. Existing methods are diverse, providing inconsistent results. The current gold standard (bone pins) is prohibitively invasive. The purposes of the current study are to describe a virtual projection alternative to surface markers for video motion capture (VMC) of the scapula and to compare the results of the projection and surface marker methods to the results of similar existing methods. Methods Ten participants were evaluated using VMC. Surface markers were applied to the trunk and arm in accordance with existing guidelines. Three markers were affixed to plastic base on the skin over the acromion process. Other scapular landmarks were digitized in a neutral position. These landmarks' locations were defined in reference to the acromion cluster and used to generate the projection. Humerothoracic, glenohumeral, and scapulothoracic kinematics were evaluated during shoulder abduction, flexion, and scaption. Joint angles produced by the surface markers and the projection were compared by Bonferroni-adjusted t tests. The results were compared to prior findings in the literature. Results The projection resulted in greater scapulothoracic upward rotation, internal rotation, and anterior-posterior tilt and less glenohumeral elevation ( p<.0055) than did surface markers. The virtual scapula produced greater estimates of scapular mobility than did surface markers, corresponding to pre-existing results from similar methodologies. Conclusions The result is a noninvasive measurement tool that produces different and superior results than do scapula surface markers. Measuring scapula kinematics via VMC without bone pins will facilitate future investigations into interactions between upper extremity injury, kinematics, and activity performance.
Le cystadénome des vésicules séminales : à propos d’un cas et revue de la littérature
Authors: Bahloul A. , Ben Haim R. , Schneider M. , Obringer L. , Jung J. -L. 
Published: September 2012

Résumé
Les tumeurs primitives des vésicules séminales sont rares. Une centaine de cas ont été publiés dans la littérature. Il s’agit le plus souvent de tumeurs bénignes dont les cystadénomes, les tumeurs malignes primitives sont plus rares. Nous rapportant un nouveau cas de tumeur de la vésicule séminale gauche chez un patient âgé de 70 ans découvert devant une rétention aiguë d’urine associé à une constipation. Le diagnostic a été confirmé par l’imagerie (TDM et IRM) qui a montré une volumineuse masse multikystiques de la vésicule séminale gauche. Le traitement était chirurgical (vésiculectomie) précédé d’un drainage aspiration de la masse. L’examen anatomopatholgique de la pièce opératoire a conclu à un cystadénome de vésicule séminale gauche. À travers cette observation, nous discutons les différents aspects cliniques, radiologiques, histologiques et thérapeutiques des tumeurs des vésicules séminales.
Résultats fonctionnels de la radiofréquence par Prostiva© dans le traitement de l’hypertrophie bénigne de la prostate (HBP) non compliquée résistante aux traitements médicamenteux
Authors: Jean-Baptiste J. , Meria P. , Desgrandchamps F. 
Published: September 2012

Résumé

Objectif
Évaluer prospectivement les résultats fonctionnels de la thermothérapie prostatique par radiofréquence (Prostiva©) sur la gêne urinaire et la vie sexuelle dans le cadre du traitement d’une hypertrophie bénigne de la prostate (HBP) symptomatique non compliquée résistante aux traitements médicamenteux.

Patients et méthodes
Les patients répondant aux critères d’éligibilité à ce traitement édités selon la HAS ont été traités dans notre unité d’urologie. Ils ont été convoqués de façon systématique à un mois pour un examen clinique et paraclinique (débit urinaire maximum [Qmax], résidu postmictionnel [RPM], International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS]). Ils ont été contactés en décembre 2009 et soumis à un hétéroquestionnaire téléphonique portant sur des scores de gêne urinaire (IPSS), de qualité de vie (question 8 de l’IPSS), d’évaluation des fonctions sexuelles (IIEF, DAN SEX), et d’évaluation subjective du traitement (échelle de Likert).

Résultats
De décembre 2006 à janvier 2009, 20 patients (âge médian: 63 ans) ont été traités par Prostiva©. Quatre patients ont présenté une rétention aiguë d’urine dans le postopératoire immédiat nécessitant un sondage vésical en urgence. Nous avons réalisé l’évaluation systématique de l’ensemble des patients à un mois et en décembre 2009. Le suivi médian était de 20,6 mois (valeurs maximales [12–37 mois]). On a constaté une amélioration significative de l’IPSS (−6,7 points; IC95= [−10,3; −3,1]), une amélioration des fonctions sexuelles, des scores de qualité de vie, et un sentiment d’amélioration globale des symptômes urinaires (+ 1,08 = amélioré sur l’échelle de Likert). Quatre patients ont été considérés comme des échecs du Prostiva©: trois patients ayant repris un traitement médicamenteux, un patient ayant bénéficié d’une résection de la prostate.

Conclusion
Notre étude monocentrique réalisée chez des patients sélectionnés selon les critères de l’HAS a conforté les résultats de la littérature avec des résultats positifs sur la gêne urinaire, une faible morbidité et une amélioration de la qualité de vie déclarée. Elle a démontré l’innocuité de la thermothérapie sur la sexualité des patients et mieux encore, l’impact positif du traitement sur la qualité des érections et la satisfaction des rapports.