bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rhetorical analysis of Philippians 1:27-2:18
Authors: Snyman A H 
Published: November 2012

A new trend in rhetorical analysis is to reconstruct Paul’ s rhetorical strategy from the text itself, rather than applying ancient or modern rhetorical models to his letters. A proposal for such a text-centred approach, in which the focus shifts from the formal to the functional,is briefly summarised in this article, followed by a discussion of the rhetorical situation that Paul wants to address in this letter. Spiritual problems, especially internal unrest and opposition from outside, called forth the letter. In order to address these problems, Paul tries to persuade his audience to persevere in living and proclaiming the gospel. This dominant rhetorical strategy of 1:27 – 2:18 can be divided into four phases: 1:27-30 (exhorting the Philippians to persevere in proclaiming the gospel); 2:1-11 exhorting them to persevere in living the gospel); 2:12-13 (exhorting them to persevere in living the gospel), and 2:14-18 (exhorting them to persevere in proclaiming the gospel). In order to persuade his audience, Paul uses various rhetorical strategies and techniques. In analyzing these, the focus is on exegetical issues with rhetorical impact, on the types of arguments used, on the way Paul argues and on the rhetorical techniques used to enhance the impact of his communication. I hope to prove that Paul’ s persuasive strategy in Philippians could be constructed fairly accurately from the text itself, provided that it is read carefully and systematically.
Towards a Theology of HIV/AIDS
Authors: Van Wyngaard A 
Published: November 2012

In a world which is slowly but surely being devastated by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the church needs to get involved in the fight against this disease. In many places the church has conveniently denied that HIV/AIDS has anything to do with them. In this paper the author argues for the necessity of thinking theologically about the reality of HIV/AIDS, indicating that HIV/AIDS is not merely a matter of “sinners” becoming infected with a virus, but that certain circumstances are conducive towards the spreading of HIV/AIDS which need to be addressed if an impact is to be made on the spreading of the virus. Although many non-religious organisations are fighting this disease, the church is in an ideal situation to assist these bodies as it is already grounded within communities and already have integrity amongst a large part of the population. However, to achieve this goal the churches must be transformed in the face of the HIV/AIDS crisis, in order that they themselves may become a force for transformation – bringing healing, hope, and accompaniment to all infected with and affected by HIV/AIDS.
Fulfilment in Matthew
Authors: Viljoen FP 
Published: November 2012

Matthew extensively explored the motif that Jesus was the fulfilment of the Old Testament hopes. In this article investigation is done on the way Matthew employs this motif. The expression of fulfilment of Scripture had an important function in early Christian circles. The Christian faith had to be legitimatized by reference to the Jewish Scriptures. What happened to Jesus and the rise of the Christian church were to be identified as the fulfilment of the promises of the Old Testament. For today’s reader it seems as if Matthew sometimes draws awkward links between Old Testament citations and their fulfilment in Jesus. However, when his hermeneutical method is being mirrored against contemporary interpretative methods, it becomes clear that Matthew used the fulfilment motif in a then acceptable way to strategically and persuasively place Jesus’ ministry within the unfolding plan of God.
The Changing Pattern of Endomyocardial Fibrosis in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Akinwusi Patience Olayinka , Odeyemi Abiona Oluwadamilola 
Published: November 2012

Background Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a restrictive cardiomyopathy, the prevalence of which is declining globally. This study was carried out to determine if there were changing patterns in its local prevalence in South-West Nigeria. Methods We reviewed the medical records of all patients admitted to or attending the cardiology clinic or medical outpatient/specialty clinics in the Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, South-West Nigeria. Medical data for those with EMF from January 2003 to December 2009 were retrieved and analyzed. Results Only three cases of EMF were identified from a total of 12,794 medical patients containing a subset of 7956 cardiac patients. The prevalence of EMF was 0.02% and 0.04% for medical and cardiac patients, respectively. All the patients with EMF were in the second or third decades of life, and had right ventricular EMF and atrial fibrillation, but no eosinophilia. Conclusion This study shows that the prevalence of EMF has declined in the study area from 10% in the 1960s and 1970s to 0.02% for medical cases and 0.04% for cardiac cases in the first decade of the 21st century. Right ventricular EMF still predominates, but without eosinophilia. Improved health care delivery's positive impact on the control of communicable diseases might be responsible for these observed changes. More work needs to be done both within and outside Nigeria to follow this trend and unravel the mystery surrounding this poorly understood cardiac disease.
Le patrimoine immatériel des communautés religieuses
Authors: Simard Jean 
Published: November 2012

Qu'est-ce que le patrimoine immatériel ? Il désigne l'ensemble des savoirs et des savoir-faire qui ont permis ou permettent encore de donner vie et sens aux objets. Les archives écrites ne peuvent à elles seules reconstituer la vie des choses. Seuls les témoins vivants, porteurs de savoirs et de savoir-faire dont ils maîtrisent encore les codes, peuvent détailler les fonctions et les noms de certains objets liturgiques. La place des arts et de l’architecture dans le patrimoine religieux occultent parfois l’importance des expériences de vie de ceux et de celles qui ont consacré leur vie au sein d'un ordre religieux. Cette enquête menée auprès des aînées chez les augustines de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec fait découvrir leur formation religieuse et professionnelle et révèle ces religieuses comme porteuses de savoir et de traditions.
Prevalence of persistent parasitic infections in foreign‐born, HIV‐infected persons in the north of Spain
Authors: Rodriguez‐Guardado A , Suarez C , Fernandez M , Rodriguez M , Martinez O , Rojo S , Perez F 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundForeign‐born, HIV‐infected persons are at risk for sub‐clinical parasitic infections acquired in their countries of origin. This study presents the results of this screening program.MethodsA prospective, descriptive study was designed to include all the immigrant patients diagnosed of HIV infection attending in Hospital Central de Asturias, Spain, 2006–2011. We included demographic variables, CD4+cells count and viral load at time of diagnosis. Screening comprised blood count, biochemistry, basic urinalysis, hepatitis B virus (HBV), HCV, strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis serologic analysis, stool parasites, blood test for filarias, PCR for malaria and Chagas disease serologic analysis and PCR in persons from Latin America. Qualitative variables were compared using the χ2 test, the Fisher exact test, when necessary. For quantitative variables, the Student t test for nonpaired variables or the Mann‐Whitney U test were used. Significance was designated at p<0.05.Results57 patients were analyzed. 70% are sub‐Saharan immigrant and the rest Latin American. The most frequent countries of origin were Equatorial Guinea (43%), Nigeria (10%), Senegal (9%), Colombia (9%). Average time in Spain: 1,061 days (3–9,876). Average Cd4+cells were 209 cells/mm3. The average viral load were 47,000 RNA viral copies. Intestinal parasites were diagnosed in 27 patients: T. trichuria (22%), strongyloidiasis (11%), amebiasis (7%), and schistosomiasis (5%), G. intestinalis (4%). All infections by T. trichuria were diagnosed in Equatorial Guinea patients. Other parasites diseases were: filariasis by M. perstans (9%); malaria (9%, all from Equatorial Guinea), Chagas disease (4%). Eight patients had chronic hepatitis B virus and 2 patients had HCV hepatitis. 19% of patients had latent syphilis, significantly more frequent in sub‐Saharan patients (9 vs 2; p=0.04). In 12 patients the screening did not show any disease.ConclusionsGiven the high prevalence of certain parasite infections and the potential lack of suggestive symptoms and signs, selected screening for strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis or use of empiric antiparasitic therapy may be appropriate among foreign‐born, HIV‐infected patients. Identifying and treating helminth infections could prevent long‐term complications.
Syphilis in HIV‐infected patients: predictors for serological failure and serofast state
Authors: Palacios R , Navarro F , Moreno T , Ruiz J , Nuño E , Márquez M , Santos J 
Published: November 2012

PurposeHIV‐infected patients treated for syphilis may be at increased risk for serological failure and serofast state. Our aim was to analyse serological response to treatment in HIV‐infected patients diagnosed with syphilis, and factors associated with serological cure and serofast state.MethodsOpen‐label, no controlled study of a series of HIV‐patients diagnosed with syphilis during 2004–2011. Patients were categorized by rapid plasma reagin titer (RPR) into success (4‐fold decrease in RPR by 12 or 24 months after treatment of early or late syphilis), serofast (success with persistently stable reactive RPR), and failure/re‐infection (failure to decrease 4‐fold in RPR by 12 or 24 months after treatment or sustained 4‐fold increase in RPR after treatment response).Results141 HIV‐patients were diagnosed with syphilis during the study period (104 early syphilis, 36 late or indeterminate latent syphilis). The mean age was 36.3 years, 98.5% were male, and 87.2% homosexual men. In 46 (32.6%) cases, HIV and syphilis infection diagnosis were coincident (mean CD4 457/mm3 and HIV‐VL 4.72 log10). Among patients with prior known HIV infection, 65 were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at syphilis diagnosis (mean CD4 469/mm3, 76.9% undetectable HIV‐VL). 116 patients satisfied criteria for serological response analysis (89 early, 24 late/indeterminate). At 12 months of early syphilis treatment (89.2% penicillin) there were 16 (18%) failures, and at 24 months of late/indeterminate syphilis (91.7% penicillin) there were 5 (18.5%) failures. Overall, 36 (31.0%) patients presented serofast state. Treatment failure was related with lower CD4 count (295 vs 510/mL; p=0.045) only in patients with coincident diagnosis. Serofast state was related with older age (41 vs 36 years; p=0.024), and lower CD4 count (391 vs 513/mm3; p=0.026).ConclusionsIn this series of HIV‐infected patients, with many patients on ART and with good immunological and virological parameters, serological failure and serofast state were frequent. Immunological status, and age could influence on serological response to syphilis treatment in HIV‐infected patients.
Statistical validation of the brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for osteoarthritis based on a large international sample of patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: Oberhauser Cornelia , Escorpizo Reuben , Boonen Annelies , Stucki Gerold , Cieza Alarcos 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveWith the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), the impact of health conditions on functioning and disability can be described. A Comprehensive and a Brief ICF Core Set for osteoarthritis (OA) were developed. Our specific aims were to validate the Brief ICF Core Set for OA using a novel approach, i.e., to identify ICF categories that best explain patients' functioning, and to propose a statistically validated version.MethodsWe performed a psychometric study using group lasso regression on data from a convenience sample of 879 OA patients from 20 countries. The general health subscale of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 was used as a dependent variable, and all ICF categories of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for OA and some sociodemographic and disease‐specific characteristics were used as independent variables. The most relevant ICF categories were identified as those showing a significant effect based on the pointwise 90% confidence intervals resulting from 1,000 bootstrap trials.ResultsThe set of ICF categories that best explains patients' functioning consists of 4 body functions, 2 body structures, 2 activities and participation, and 3 environmental factors. Twelve of the original 13 Brief ICF Core Set categories were confirmed, and 3 additional ICF categories were identified.ConclusionOur findings reassure the validity of the Brief ICF Core Set for OA. The statistically validated Core Set with the additional statistically derived ICF categories will likely perform better with regard to discrimination and sensitivity to change in studies and trials, and should be further explored in the future.
Racial/ethnic differences in the use of biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs among California Medicaid rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Chu Li‐Hao , Portugal Cecilia , Kawatkar Aniket A. , Stohl William , Nichol Michael B. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo assess racial/ethnic differences in the use of biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) among California Medicaid (Medi‐Cal) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.MethodsMedi‐Cal patient level data for 5,385 DMARD recipients between ages 18 and 100 years with at least 1 diagnosis of RA (International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 714.xx) and the use of 1 DMARD between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2005 were collected. The outcome of interest was the choice of either standard DMARDs (methotrexate, lefluonomide, hydroxychloroquine, and sulfasalazine) or biologic DMARDs (adalimumab, etanercept, anakinra, and infliximab). A univariate analysis and logistic regression model were applied to examine the association of the choice of DMARD among different racial/ethnic groups.ResultsIn the univariate analysis, biologic DMARD use was significantly associated with race/ethnicity (P < 0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression model, after adjusting for age, sex, insurance coverage, 12 comorbid conditions, RA‐related drug prescription, RA‐related inpatient stay, and rehabilitation visits, African Americans had 53% lower odds of receiving biologic DMARDs as compared to whites, whereas Hispanics had 36% increased odds of receiving biologic DMARDs as compared to whites.ConclusionIn this Medi‐Cal population, with its racial diversity and relatively homogenous socioeconomic status and health care benefits, racial/ethnic differences were found in RA patients receiving biologic DMARDs.
Prevalence and incidence in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases: A nationwide population‐based study in Taiwan
Authors: Yu Kuang‐Hui , See Lai‐Chu , Kuo Chang‐Fu , Chou I‐Jun , Chou Meng‐Jiun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) by using a population‐based database.MethodsWe used the longitudinal health insurance database (comprising 1,000,000 beneficiaries) of the Taiwan National Health Insurance from 2000 to 2008 and the National Death Registry of Taiwan from 2000 to 2008.ResultsThe overall prevalence of major ARDs was 101.3 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 27.5–107.9) per 100,000 populations; the prevalence was 165.1 (95% CI 44.8–177.1) in women and 40.1 (95% CI 10.9–46.1) in men. The prevalences of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren's syndrome, progressive systemic sclerosis, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, vasculitis, and Behçet's disease were 52.4 (95% CI 14.2–57.2), 37.0 (95% CI 10.0–41.0), 16.0 (95% CI 4.3–18.7), 3.8 (95% CI 1.0–5.3), 2.9 (95% CI 0.8–4.2), 5.7 (95% CI 1.6–7.4), and 1.4 (95% CI 0.4–2.3) per 100,000 persons, respectively. Between 2001 and 2008, the incidence rates (per 100,000 person‐years) for these diseases were 17.3, 8.4, 10.6, 1.5, 1.5, 1.2, and 0.8, respectively. The incident cases with ARDs had a higher risk of mortality, with the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) ranging from 1.3 to 3.7.ConclusionIn 2000, the prevalence of major ARDs was 1.4–52.4 per 100,000 persons in Taiwan. Between 2000 and 2008, the incidence rates of various ARDs were 0.8–17.3 per 100,000 person‐years. The prevalence and incidence of RA were the highest, followed by SLE and Sjögren's syndrome, and those of Behçet's disease were the lowest. Patients with different types of ARDs had higher mortality and SMR than those of the general population.
Choreoathetosis, congenital hypothyroidism and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome with intact NKX2‐1
Authors: Barnett Christopher P. , Mencel Justin J. , Gecz Jozef , Waters Wendy , Kirwin Susan M. , Vinette Kathy M. B , Uppill Miriam , Nicholl Jillian 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMutations in the NK2 homeobox 1 gene (NKX2‐1) cause a rare syndrome known as choreoathetosis, congenital hypothyroidism, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (OMIM 610978). Here we present the first reported patient with this condition caused by a 14q13.3 deletion which is adjacent to but does not interrupt NKX2‐1, and review the literature on this condition. The infant presented at 23 months with a history of developmental delay, hyperkinesia, recurrent respiratory infections, neonatal respiratory distress, and hypothyroidism. Choreiform movements and delayed motor milestones were first noted at 6–8 months of age. TSH levels had been consistently elevated from 8 months of age. The clinical presentation was suggestive of an NKX2‐1 mutation. Sequencing of all exons and splice site junctions of NKX2‐1 was performed but was normal. Array CGH was then performed and a 3.29 Mb interstitial deletion at 14q13.1–q13.3 was detected. The distal region of loss of the deletion disrupted the surfactant associated 3 (SFTA3) gene but did disrupt NKX2‐1. Findings were confirmed on high resolution SNP array and multiplex semiquanitative PCR. NKX2‐1 encodes transcriptional factors involved in the developmental pathways for thyroid, lung, and brain. We hypothesize that the region centromeric to NKX2‐1 is important for the normal functioning of this gene and when interrupted produces a phenotype that is typical of the choreoathetosis, congenital hypothyroidism, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, as seen in our patient. We conclude that deletions at 14q13.3 adjacent to but not involving NKX2‐1 can cause choreoathetosis, congenital hypothyroidism, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Incidental findings in genetic research and clinical diagnostic tests: A systematic review
Authors: Jackson Leigh , Goldsmith Lesley , O'Connor Anita , Skirton Heather 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIncidental findings arise when clinically relevant genetic information about a research participant or patient is identified outside the scope of the original research objective or diagnostic test being performed. These findings can relate to carrier status for a heritable condition, misattributed paternity or increased susceptibility to a medical condition. The decision whether to disclose these findings to the research subject or patient is underpinned by many ethical, moral, and potentially legal considerations. There is an urgent need for definitive guidelines for researchers and healthcare professionals. We performed a systematic review of the relevant literature concerning the disclosure of incidental findings, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses recommendations, using the prescribed flowchart and checklist. At initial screening, 473 articles were retrieved. The inclusion and exclusion criteria aimed at obtaining data that were relevant and of sufficient quality were applied and a total of four relevant studies were identified, comprising 2,680 individual participants and 1,023 guidance documents. Major themes emerging from the included articles include patient autonomy, patient welfare, harmful secrets, and genetic literacy. The lack of relevant studies emphasizes the urgent need for empirical investigations into the disclosure or non‐disclosure of genetic incidental findings, and the provision of guidelines to assist healthcare professionals and researchers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Floating–Harbor syndrome and polycystic kidneys associated with SRCAP mutation
Authors: Reschen Michael , Kini Usha , Hood Rebecca L. , Boycott Kym M. , Hurst Jane , O'Callaghan Christopher A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractFloating–Harbor syndrome (FHS) is a rare genetic disorder recently shown to be caused by mutations in the Snf2‐related CREB‐binding protein activator protein gene (SRCAP). It comprises three key clinical features of characteristic facies, expressive and receptive speech impairment and short stature. We report on a patient with this syndrome associated with early adult‐onset hypertension and bilateral polycystic kidneys. Family screening for polycystic kidney disease was negative and mutations in polycystic kidney disease 1 and 2 genes (PKD1 and PKD2) were absent. Sequencing of the SRCAP gene demonstrated a de novo mutation matching one of the known FHS‐associated mutations. The patient required treatment with anti‐hypertensives and will require lifelong renal monitoring. We suggest this patient's presentation may be due to the pleiotropic effects of SRCAP mutations. Further, the protein encoded by SRCAP is known to interact with CREB‐binding protein, the product of the gene mutated in Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome, which is associated with renal abnormalities. A literature review of the renal findings in patients with Floating–Harbor syndrome identified another patient with possible polycystic kidneys, two patients with early onset hypertension, and a young patient with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm, which can be a feature of classic adult polycystic kidney disease. Collectively, these findings suggest that all patients with Floating–Harbor syndrome should undergo regular blood pressure monitoring and screening for polycystic kidneys by ultrasound at the time of the FHS diagnosis with imaging to be repeated during adulthood if a childhood ultrasound was negative. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.