bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyses of the Characteristics and Prognosis of Elderly Patients Visiting a High-Capacity Turkish Emergency Department Due to an Occupational Accident: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: OZENSOY Habibe Selmin , GURU Selahattin , ERTURK Nihal , ORUN Serhat , CEYHAN Mehmet Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background

Most elderly people will live in low-middle-income countries and need to work. With the increase in the number of elderly people in the workforce, it can be predicted that occupational accidents (OAs) in elderly people will continue to constitute an important patient group for emergency departments (EDs). In this study, the descriptive characteristics of elderly individuals who were admitted to a high-capacity ED due to OAs and some features that could predict their prognosis were examined.

Materials & Methods

Patients aged 65 years and older who visited the ED due to OA between June 1, 2019, and June 30, 2023, were retrospectively investigated. The results such as demographic characteristics, trauma-related characteristics, injury severity scores (ISSs), outcome measures such as ED and hospital stay lengths, and mortality ​​were revealed and compared.

Results

Within the scope of the study, 92 elderly people with OA were examined. The most common trauma mechanism involved incisions (n=34, 37%), and the upper extremities were most frequently injured (n=39, 42.4%). Those with thorax trauma, those injured by falls from a height, and those with a high ISS had longer ED and hospital stays (p=0.045, p=0.003, and p <0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

In elderlyindividuals, OAs most commonly injure the upper extremities. Injuries often occur through incisions. Among elderly people injured with OA, those with thoracic trauma fall heights, and those with a high ISS have a poor prognosis.
Predictive accuracy of the ASIG and DETECT screening algorithms to identify pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis; a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Brown Zoe , Hansen Dylan , McWilliams Leah , Moghaddami Mahin , Stevens Wendy , Walker Jennifer , Morrisroe Kathleen , Nikpour Mandana , Proudman Susanna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the predictive accuracy of the Australian Scleroderma Interest Group (ASIG) algorithm and the DETECT algorithm to identify pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in an Australian systemic sclerosis (SSc) cohort.
Methods
Algorithm performance evaluated using prospectively collected data from a cohort with annual serum NT-proBNP, TTE and RFT.
Results
From 2009 - 2022, 243 patients had sufficient data to apply both algorithms; 52 underwent right heart catheterisation (RHC), 33 were diagnosed with PAH (13.6%).
The ASIG algorithm was positive in 105 patients (43.21%), 29 were diagnosed with PAH (27.62%). The DETECT algorithm was positive in 172 patients (70.78%), 30 were diagnosed with PAH (17.44%).
The sensitivity of the ASIG algorithm for PAH was 87.88% (95% CI 71.80 – 96.60) and specificity was 31.58% (95% CI 12.58 – 56.55); the DETECT algorithm sensitivity was 90.91% (95% CI 75.67 – 98.08). Specificity and negative predictive value (NPV) of the DETECT algorithm were not able to be calculated as there were no true negative DETECT screen cases. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the ASIG algorithm was 69.05% (95% CI 52.91 – 82.38) and NPV was 60.00% (95% CI 26.24 – 87.84); DETECT algorithm PPV was 61.22% (95% CI 46.24 – 74.80).
Three cases of PAH were not identified by either algorithm; all had co-existent interstitial lung disease (ILD).
Conclusions
ASIG and DETECT screening algorithms for PAH perform well in SSc. A small number of false negative screens in patients with ILD highlight the need to interpret PAH screens in SSc-ILD patients with caution.
A nomogram based on shear wave elastography for predicting hemorrhage complications after ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy
Authors: Chen Jiaxin , wu qunyan , wang shuqing , pi songying , zhang shushang , xian jianzhong , lu wuzhu , lin yuhong , Su Zhongzhen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: To derive a simple risk score based on shear wave elastography (SWE) ultrasound to predict the individual risk of post-procedural hematoma complications in patients who underwent a percutaneous renal biopsy.
Methods: A total of 221 patients who underwent ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous renal biopsy at our institution between April 2019 and November 2023 were enrolled in our study and randomly divided into training (n=155) or validation (n=66) cohorts. After biopsy, ultrasound was employed to evaluate the hematoma, and the maximum diameter of the hematoma was recorded for analysis. A diagnostic nomogram incorporating the selected features was established using multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results: A total of 148 (67%) patients had postprocedure hematoma (106 and 42 patients in the training and validation cohorts, respectively), and the mean hematoma diameter was 31.12±15.01 mm (10–100 mm). The mean cortical SWE value was 42.87 kPa (21.40-69.30 kPa) for patients without hematoma and 40.18 kPa (14.90-64.50 kPa) for patients with hematoma (p=0.032). The established nomogram integrated the mean cortical swe value, triglyceride level and urinary protein level. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.82 in the training cohort and 0.61 in the validation cohort.
Conclusions: The risk of postprocedural hematoma complication could be assessed by a simple risk score that integrated mean cortical SWE value, triglyceride and urinary protein levels.
Performance Prediction of Ground Source Heat Pump System With Data-Driven Modelling: Application of Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: DUMAN Netice , YÜKSEK Ahmet Gürkan , BUYRUK Ertan , CANER Mustafa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Ground source heat pumps (GSHP) offer a clean and sustainable energy solution by using ground heat as a heat source. Various machine learning techniques are used to estimate coefficient of performance (COP), one of the key metrics for evaluating ground source heat pump systems. In this study, three different machine learning methods, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), were used to estimate the performance of the system, using measurements made on an experimental GSHP system established in Sivas province of Turkey. Five different combinations are recommended for each method. Training and testing data were used to evaluate the effectiveness of each method in estimating the COP in the GSHP system. In the first stage, ANN, SVM and GPR models were trained on training data, and in the second stage, validation was carried out with test data. The statistical results obtained show that all three machine learning methods are successful in estimating COP in the GSHP system. R2 values of the model MIP1 in which all variables are used are determined as 0.9726 for ANN, 0.9543 for SVM, and 0.9650 for GPR. This study has demonstrated that different machine learning models can be used as an effective method for predicting the performance of GSHP systems. Additionally, by comparing the applicability and performance of these models, it provides information on determining the most appropriate model that can be used to increase the energy efficiency of GSHP systems and optimize costs.
A Case of Severe Psittacosis Pneumonia Complicated by Splenic Infarction
Authors: Yu Zhao , Qian Yuanyuan , Lv Lan , Hu Wenqing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Psittacosis pneumonia, a zoonotic infectious disease transmitted from birds to humans, is caused by Chlamydia psittaci and represents a type of chlamydial pneumonia [1]. In severe instances, the disease may progress to critical pneumonia and respiratory failure, necessitating intensive support measures, including mechanical ventilation. The advent of technologies such as Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) for the etiological diagnosis of infectious diseases [2] has enhanced the diagnostic and treatment success rates for Psittacosis. Instances of severe chlamydial pneumonia with complications such as splenic infarction are uncommon. A patient with severe Psittacosis pneumonia complicated by splenic infarction was admitted to the Emergency Intensive Care Unit (EICU) of Haining People's Hospital and subsequently improved following effective anti-infective and anticoagulant therapy. This report and share are as follows.
Association of energy source with outcomes in en bloc TURB. Secondary analysis of a randomized trial
Authors: Mancon Stefano , Soria Francesco , Hurle Rodolfo , Enikeev Dmitry , Xylinas Evanguelos , Lusuardi Lukas , Heidenreich Axel , Gontero Paolo , Compérat Eva , Shariat Shahrokh F. , D’Andrea David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of different energy sources used for en-bloc transurethral resection of bladder tumors (ERBT) on perioperative outcomes.
Methods
This sub-analysis derived from a prospective randomized study that enrolled patients undergoing ERBT vs conventional transurethral resection of the bladder (cTURB) from January 2019 to January 2022 (NCT03718754). Endpoints were to investigate the association of monopolar (m-ERBT), bipolar (b-ERBT), or laser (l-ERBT) ERBT with pathological specimen quality and perioperative outcomes.
Results
237 bladder tumors resected in 188 patients included in the analyses: 29 (12.2%) m-ERBT, 136 (57.4%) b-ERBT and 72 (30.4%) l-ERBT. Detrusor muscle (DM) was detected in 191 (80.6%) specimens. Per-tumor analysis revealed comparable rate of DM in the specimens obtained via different energy modalities (p=0.7). Operative time was longer in the l-ERBT cohort compared to m-ERBT and b-ERBT (p=0.02) and no obturator nerve reflex (ONR) onset was reported. On logistic regression analysis, b-ERBT was associated with negative lateral resection margins (OR 2.81;95%CI 1.02-7.70; p=0.04). There was no significant association of the resection technique with perforation and conversion rates (all p > 0.05). Within a median follow up of 22mo (IQR 11-29), a total of 35 (18.6%) patients had a local recurrence. On Cox regression analysis, patients resected with b-ERBT were less likely to have a recurrence (HR 0.34; 95%CI 0.15-0.78; p=0.01); When adjusting for established confounders, this association was confirmed (HR 0.24; 95%CI 0.10-0.60; p=0.002).
Conclusions
Different energy sources might achieve comparable perioperative outcomes. Further perspectives involve the assessment of long-term differential oncological outcomes associated with various energy modalities.
Characterization of the gut microbiota in different immunological responses among PLWH
Authors: Guo Yanyan , Tang Gan , Wang Ziwei , Chu Qinshu , Zhang Xinhong , Xu Xuewei , Fan Yinguang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Despite gut microbial dysbiosis has been demonstrated in HIV-infected patients, the association between gut microbial and inflammatory cytokines in HIV-infected with different immunoreaction to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to explore between gut microbial and inflammatory cytokines in HIV-infected with different immunoreaction.
Method
68 HIV-infected patients and 27 healthy controls in Anhui Province were recruited from December 2021 to March 2022, including 35 immunological responders (IRs) (CD4+T-cell count ≥ 350 cells/µL) and 33 immunological non-responders (INRs) (CD4+T-cell count < 350 cells/µL) without comorbidities. Blood and stool samples were collected from all participants. Blood was used to detect microbial translocation biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines. Luminex Multifactor Detection Technology were performed to quantify plasma microbial translocation biomarkers and inflammation cytokines. Bacterial 16S rDNA sequencing was performed on stool samples.
Result
Microbiome sequencing revealed that the relative abundances of Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobiaceae Acidaminococcaceae, Fusobacteriaceae and Megasphaera were greater, whereas Verrucomicrobia, Ruminococcaceae, Megamonas, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia and Dialister were more depleted in the HIV groups than those in the HCs (all P < 0.05). In the INRs group, the relative abundances of Actinomycetales, Micrococcaceae, Actinomyces, Intestinibacter, Rothia were greater (all P < 0.05), whereas Sutterellaceae, Parabacteroides, Veillonella, Butyricimonas resulted less abundant than in the IRs (all P < 0.05). TNF-ɑ are negatively correlated with the abundances of Dialiste (P = 0.022). CD54 are negatively correlated with Dialister and Subdoligranulum (P = 0.011). Recent and baseline CD4+T cells counts are directly proportional to Butyricimonas and Parabacteroides, while are inversely proportional with Veillonella and Rothia (all P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Dysbiosis of the gut microbial might be one of the factors leading to the different immunoreaction and therapeutic effects of ART.
WITHDRAWN: Development of four-point transversus abdominis plane block technique in pigs. A pilot cadaveric study
Authors: Sreden Jerneja , Brankovič Jana , Tratar Urša Lampreht , Čemažar Maja , Đokić Mihajlo , Seliškar Alenka 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
This prospective pilot cadaveric study aimed to develop an ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block technique that desensitizes cranial and mid-abdominal wall in pigs.
Methods
In phase I, the ultrasound anatomy of the abdominal wall musculature was examined on three pig cadavers and the ultrasound localization of the needle in the corresponding interfascial plane was practised. In phase II, a three-point TAP injection was performed in three freshly euthanized cadavers. A 1% methylene blue solution (0.3 mL/kg per injection point) was injected between the transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscle. In phase III, methylene blue solution was injected at four points (0.2 mL/kg per injection point) in four anaesthetized pigs prior to euthanasia. Positive nerve staining was defined as continuous staining of at least 1 cm of the nerve length. Binary variables (positive/negative) were used for nerve staining assessment.
Results
The four-point technique with a lower injected volume stained more nerves than the three-point technique with a higher injected volume. In phase III, 69% of the observed nerves from the eighth-last thoracic to the third lumbar nerve were stained. The nerves in the centre were stained with a higher success rate, while the eighth-last thoracic and the second lumbar nerve were stained with less success (1/8 and 3/8, respectively). The third lumbar nerve was not reached by any injection.
Conclusions
The four-point TAP technique could be used as part of a multimodal analgesia approach for cranial and middle abdominal surgery in pigs, but live animal studies are needed to evaluate the clinical applicability and efficacy of desensitisation.
Barriers and Facilitators for Participation in Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scans in Cancer Research: A Feasibility and Acceptability Analysis
Authors: Manuweera Thushini , Karunakaran Keerthana , Baechler Camille , Rosales Javier , Kleckner Amber S. , Rosenblatt Paula , Ciner Aaron , Kleckner Ian R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
A growing body of research suggests that the brain is implicated in cognitive impairment, fatigue, neuropathy, pain, nausea, sleep disturbances, distress, and other prevalent and burdensome symptoms of cancer and its treatments. Despite anecdotal evidence of difficulties using gold-standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the brain, no studies have systematically reported reasons that patients with cancer do or do not complete research MRI scans, making it difficult to understand the role of the brain related to these symptoms. The goal of this study was to investigate these reasons and to suggest possible solutions.
Methods
We analyzed data from 72 patients with cancer (mostly breast and gastrointestinal) from 3 studies: MRI was mandatory in Study 1; MRI was optional in Studies 2–3. Patients provided reasons for completing or not completing optional research MRI scans.
Results
The percentage of scans completed when MRI was mandatory was 76%, and when optional, it was 36%. The most common reasons for not completing optional scans were claustrophobia (40%), safety contraindications (11%), discomfort (5%), a busy MRI schedule (5%), and the scanner being too far away (4%). Older patients were more likely to complete at least one scan (log(odds) = 0.09/year, p = 0.02).
Conclusion
Although brain MRI is feasible for many patients with cancer, it can be difficult or not feasible for patients with claustrophobia, safety issues, busy schedules, or transportation issues. Improving communication, comfort, and access to a scanner may help. Reducing inequities related to study participation can improve research supportive care research.
DNA methylation stability in cardiac tissues kept at different temperatures and time intervals
Authors: Poggiali Brando , Dupont Mikkel Eriksen , Jacobsen Stine Bøttcher , Smerup Morten Holdgaard , Christiansen Steffan Noe Niikanoff , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob , Vidaki Athina , Morling Niels , Andersen Jeppe Dyrberg 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Investigating DNA methylation (DNAm) in cardiac tissues is vital for epigenetic research in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). During cardiac surgery, biopsies may not be immediately stored due to a lack of human or technical resources at the collection site. Assessing DNAm stability in cardiac samples left in suboptimal conditions is crucial for applying DNAm analysis. We investigated the stability of DNAm in human cardiac tissues kept at 4°C and 22°C for periods of 1, 7, 14, and 28 days (exposed samples) using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC v1.0 BeadChip Array. We observed high correlations between samples analysed immediately after tissue collection and exposed ones (R2 > 0.992). Methylation levels were measured as β-values and median absolute β-value differences (|∆β|) ranged from 0.0093–0.0119 in all exposed samples. Pairwise differentially methylated position (DMP) analysis revealed no DMPs under 4°C (fridge temperature) exposure for up to 28 days and 22°C (room temperature) exposure for one day, while 508, 1,588, and 488 DMPs were observed for 22°C samples at 7, 14, and 28 days, respectively. This study provides insights into the stability of genome-wide DNAm, showing that cardiac tissue can be used for reliable DNAm analysis even when stored suboptimally after surgery.
Development and validation of a clinical model of second fractures for hip fracture patients after surgery
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Zhou Yanling , Xue Wenping , Wang Wei , Lin Shuqiu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Second fracture following initial hip fracture surgery poses a life-threatening risk in the elderly population. This study aims to investigate the associated risk factors and establish a prediction model.
Methods Retrospectively data were obtained from two affiliated hospitals at Soochow University for older patients diagnosed with hip fractures who underwent surgical treatment between January 2019 and December 2021. The endpoint was a second fracture. Independent risk factors for second fractures in patients were identified through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression. A nomogram was established and assessed for predictability, discriminatory ability, and clinical applicability using areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) in both cohorts.
Results: Among 1735 patients, 8.7% (115/1735) had second fractures within two years after surgery. Variables screened by LASSO, including age, hip joint function, neurovascular disease, eye disease, living alone, and regular exercise, were incorporated into the Cox regression model. The nomogram demonstrated favorable discriminatory ability, with areas under the ROC curves (AUC) of 0.832 (95% CI, 0.765-0.895) and 0.773 (95% CI, 0.727-0.818) after development and validation, respectively. The calibration curves showed good consistency between the actual second fracture incidence and the predicted probability. DCA of the nomogram demonstrated the model’s excellent clinical efficacy.
Conclusions The nomogram model enabled accurate individualized prediction of second fractures in elderly patients within two years after surgical treatment, which might assist clinicians in precise perioperative management and rehabilitation education following initial hip surgery.
Development of Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay with Anti-Pythium insidiosum Antibodies for Point-of-Care Testing of Vascular Pythiosis
Authors: Tongchai Panwad , Burassakarn Ati , Langsiri Nattapong , Worasilchai Navaporn , Chindamporn Ariya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The pathogenic oomycete Pythium insidiosum causes a fatal infectious illness known as pythiosis, impacting humans and certain animals in numerous countries in the tropics and subtropics. Delayed diagnosis is a primary factor contributing to the heightened morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Several new serodiagnostic methods have been developed to improve the identification of pythiosis. However, these assays provide only indirect evidence of pythiosis and are not readily available in the commercial market. Here, we have developed an affordable point-of-care test (POCT) kit based on an immunochromatographic assay for the direct detection of P. insidiosum antigens. Our recent findings reveal that the lateral flow sandwich immunological testing cassette can accurately identify vascular pythiosis antigens using a small volume of patient’s plasma, accomplishing 100% accuracy and a limit of detection (LOD) of 8 ng/mL. This prototype cartridge represents a significant stride toward the advancement of enriched POCT for pythiosis serodiagnosis.
Canine glioma stem-like cells demonstrate DNA methylation-dependent enhancement of cellular respiration following low oxygen tension
Authors: Toedebusch Ryan , Hwang Chang-il , Syed-Quadri Shafee , Aboud Orwa , Woolard Kevin , York Daniel , Parys Maciej , Dickinson Peter , Meyers Frederick , McPherson John , Toedebusch Christine 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Glioma stem cells (GSCs) have been implicated in radio- and chemotherapeutic resistance of glioblastoma (GBM). Therapeutic targeting of GSCs has shown promise in immunocompromised rodent models but have not been translated into effective therapies for human patients. The limited success of translating therapies from rodent models to GBM patients may be attributed, in part, to the lack of co-evolution between tumors and the tumor microenvironment in immunocompromised rodent models. Thus, spontaneous canine high-grade gliomas (HGGs) may provide a complementary translational model for human therapeutic development. While described in canine HGGs, little is known about canine glioma stem cell biology. In this study, we evaluatedcellular metabolism, DNA methylation, gene expression, and functional tests of malignancy to interrogate differences between canine glioma stem-cell like (GSLC) lines and a traditional serum grown glioma cell line following exposure to hypoxia. Hypoxia increased oxygen consumption rates in GSLCs, which correlated with hypoxia-induced hypomethylation and increased mRNA levels of genes important in cellular metabolism and stemness (e.g., KCNN3, KDM4B, TCF7L2), as well as augmented features of malignancy in GSLCs. Importantly, we were able to demonstrate a positive correlation between up-regulated genes in human GBM GSCs and hypomethylation of orthologous canine genes following hypoxia. Together, these data highlight similarities between canine and human GBM GSC cellular metabolism and their epigenetic regulation.