bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and prediction model for delayed bleeding after cold snare polypectomy: a retrospective study
Authors: Wen Shuting , He Long , Zhao Xiying , Li Yingting , Lin Xiaofeng , Fu Zhaoli , He Wenfang , Liu Tianwen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Delayed bleeding (DB) is a serious complication after cold snare polypectomy (CSP) for polyps in the colon. The present study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of DB after CSP and to develop a risk-scoring model for predicting DB.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted in four Chinese medical institutions. 10650 patients underwent CSP from June 2019 to May 2023. The study analyzed the rate of DB and extracted the general clinical information and polyp-related information of patients with postoperative DB. As a control, non-DB patients who received CSP at the same 4 hospitals were analyzed. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to develop the prediction model. The model was further validated using a Kaplan–Meier log-rank analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) plot and risk plot.

Results
In our study, we found a 0.24% rate of DB and the risk factors were history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, antithrombotics use, antiplatelet use, anticoagulant use, abdominal operation, sigmoid colon lesion, hematoma, cold snare defect protrusion, polyp size, wound size, the grade of wound bleeding, and morphology of Ip. These factors were incorporated into the prediction model for DB after CSP. For 1, 3, and 5 days of bleeding, the AUC of the ROC curve was 0.912, 0.939, and 0.923, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that the high-risk group had a significantly higher risk of DB than the low-risk group.

Conclusions
This study screened the risk factors and established a prediction model of DB after CSP. The results may help preventing and reducing the DB rate after CSP of colorectal polyps.
Investigation of choroidal structure changes after intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy for retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Dursun Erdem , Derhem Baki , Çobanoğlu Seval , Oğurel Tevfik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
We aimed to investigate the effect of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) on the posterior segment structures of the eye and its changes with intravitreal anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) treatment.

Methods
This prospective longitudinal study included 29 eyes of 29 patients with RVO (17 males and 12 females) followed for 6 months. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), macula, choroid ticknesses and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography were recorded at baseline and the first, third, and sixth months after the first injection. Results were compared with fellow eyes (non-affected eyes) and age- and sex-matched controls.

Results
BCVA increased significantly in the 6th month, more in the first month of injection (p < 0.05 for each). Central macular tickness, subfoveal choroid tickness, stromal and total area of choroid decreased significantly after injection (p < 0.05 for each). CVI values increased significantly, especially in the 1st month after injection (p < 0.05 for each). In eyes with Branch RVO, there was a significant decrease in the macular thickness of the occlusive areas with treatment, while there was no statistically significant change in the non-occlusive macular thickness.

Conclusion
Observation of changes in choroidal structure may be useful to assess the activity of RVO and predict the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy.
Peridynamic computations of wave propagation and reflection at material interfaces
Authors: Partmann Kai , Dienst Manuel , Weinberg Kerstin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeridynamics describes the material in a non-local form and is very suited for the simulation of dynamic fracture. However, one significant effect regarding dynamic fracture is the correct handling of elastic deformation, like the pressure and tension waves inside a body, due to dynamic boundary conditions like an impact or impulse. Many peridynamic material formulations have been developed with differences in this regard. This study investigates the elastic wave propagation characteristics of bond-based, ordinary state-based, continuum kinematics-inspired peridynamics and a local continuum consistent correspondence formulation. Multiple parameters of a longitudinal pressure wave inside an elastic bar are studied. While all formulations demonstrate adequate wave propagation handling, all except the correspondence formulation are sensitive to incomplete horizons. The local continuum consistent formulation does not suffer from the surface effect and models the wave propagation with perfect accuracy.
Minimal model identification of drum brake squeal via SINDy
Authors: Wulff Paul , Gräbner Nils , von Wagner Utz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe industrial standard in the design and development process of NVH(Noise Vibration Harshness) characteristic of brakes is the application of Finite Element(FE) models with a high number of degrees of freedom in the range of one or several millions. Nevertheless, parallel experimental investigations are still indispensable. On the other hand, minimal models with, due to the inclusion of the self-excitation process, at least two degrees of freedom are well known to be capable to explain qualitatively phenomena as instability of the desired non-vibrating solution or limit cycle oscillation but are in general very inaccurate in predicting the dynamics of a specific real brake. This is because the underlying physical assumptions are already too restrictive and model parameters (especially those referring to nonlinearities) are widely unknown. To overcome this problem, the data-driven modeling approach SINDy(Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics) is applied to identify appropriate nonlinear functions for a brake squeal minimal model. A problem thereby is the limited database. It turns out that the naive implementation of the method yielding the lowest possible residuum does not necessarily provide physically meaningful models and results, respectively. Instead, a constrained model that incorporates physical knowledge is used to robustly identify parameters and reproduce realistic dynamic behavior. Thereby, several appropriate models with coexisting limit cycles and stationary equilibrium are identified. In particular, it was found that the angular position of the brake drum has a significant influence on the model parameters and therefore must be taken into account in a model with long-term validity.
New persistent opioid use following robotic-assisted, laparoscopic and open surgery inguinal hernia repair
Authors: MacQueen Ian T. , Milky Gediwon , Shih I.-Fan , Zheng Feibi , Chen David C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Post-operative prescription opioid use is a known risk factor for persistent opioid use. Despite the increased utilization of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) for inguinal hernia repair (IHR), little is known whether this minimally invasive approach results in less opioid consumption. In this study, we compare long-term opioid use between RAS versus laparoscopic (Lap) versus open surgery for IHR.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of opioid-naïve patients who underwent outpatient primary IHR was conducted using the Merative™ MarketScan® (Previously IBM MarketScan®) Databases between 2016 and 2020. Patients not continuously enrolled 180 days before/after surgery, who had malignancy, pre-existing chronic pain, opioid dependency, or invalid prescription fill information were excluded. Among patients exposed to opioids peri-operatively, we assessed long-term opioid use as any opioid prescription fill within 90 to 180 days post-surgery. Secondary outcomes were controlled substance schedule II/III opioid fill, and high-dose opioid fill defined as > 50 morphine milligram equivalent per day. An Inverse-probability of treatment weighted logistic regression was used to compare outcomes between groups with p-value of < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 41,271 patients were identified (2070 (5.0%) RAS, 16,704 (40.5%) Lap, and 22,497 (54.5%) open surgery). RAS was associated with less likelihood of prescription fills for any opioid (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.98 versus Lap; OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.85 versus open), and schedule II/III opioid (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.96 versus Lap; OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.88 versus open), but comparable high-dose opioid fill (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.55 versus Lap; OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.52 versus open). Lap and open surgery had no significant difference.

Conclusion
In this cohort of patients derived from a national commercial claims dataset, patients undergoing RAS had a decreased risk of long-term opioid use compared to laparoscopic and open surgery patients undergoing IHR.
What is the nature and impact of cognitive difficulties following hormonal treatments for prostate cancer?: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Pembroke Lorna , Sherman Kerry A. , Dhillon Haryana M. , Francis Heather , Gurney Howard , Gillatt David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
Prostate cancer hormonal treatments (e.g. androgen deprivation therapy) yield clinical benefits. However, there is increasing evidence these treatments may adversely impact cognitive functioning. This study aimed to qualitatively characterise the nature and impact of cognitive difficulties following these treatments.

Methods
Prostate cancer survivors (PCS) self-reporting cognitive difficulties following hormonal treatments (via an online survey) and their partners were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. Telephone or videoconferencing interviews were conducted, then transcribed, double-coded and analysed using the Framework Method, following the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

Results
Eleven participants (six PCS and five partners) were interviewed. PCS reported a range of cognitive difficulties, verified by their partners, including forgetfulness, “fogginess”, fatigue and slowed processing speed. For some PCS, word-finding difficulties, tangential speech and memory problems were apparent during interviews. The aetiology of the reported cognitive difficulties was unclear as it was attributed to a possible combination of cancer treatments, compounding side-effects (e.g. fatigue, sleep problems, hot flashes), exacerbation of pre-existing conditions and/or age-related changes. Cognitive difficulties were reported to have led to shifts in self-perception, interpersonal dynamics and increased emotionality. Engagement in cognitively-stimulating activities and reliance on compensatory strategies were reported to be helpful in managing some cognitive difficulties. All participants endorsed the potential benefits of neuropsychological intervention.

Conclusions
There are a diverse range of cognitive difficulties following hormonal treatments for prostate cancer experienced by PCS and their partners. Understanding the impact of these difficulties is important for the development of targeted neuropsychological interventions.
Enhancing non-intrusive reduced-order models with space-dependent aggregation methods
Authors: Ivagnes Anna , Tonicello Niccolò , Cinnella Paola , Rozza Gianluigi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this manuscript, we combine non-intrusive reduced-order models (ROMs) with space-dependent aggregation techniques to build a mixed-ROM, able to accurately capture the flow dynamics in different physical settings. The flow prediction obtained using the mixed formulation is derived from a convex combination of the predictions of several previously trained reduced-order models (ROMs), with each model assigned a space-dependent weight. The ROMs incorporated in the mixed model utilize different reduction methods, such as proper orthogonal decomposition and autoencoders, and various approximation techniques, including radial basis function interpolation (RBF), Gaussian process regression, and feed-forward artificial neural networks. Each model’s contribution is given higher weights in regions where it performs best and lower weights where its accuracy is lower compared to the other models. Additionally, a random forest regression technique is used to determine the weights for previously unseen conditions. The performance of the aggregated model is assessed through two test cases: the 2D flow past a NACA 4412 airfoil at a 5-degree angle of attack, with the Reynolds number ranging between $$1 \times 10^{5}$$

1
×

10
5

and $$1 \times 10^{6}$$

1
×

10
6

, and a transonic flow over a NACA 0012 airfoil, with the angle of attack as the varying parameter. In both scenarios, the mixed-ROM demonstrated improved accuracy compared to each individual ROM technique, while providing an estimate for the predictive uncertainty.
FICOM: an effective and scalable active learning framework for GNNs on semi-supervised node classification
Authors: Zhang Xingyi , Huang Jinchao , Zhang Fangyuan , Wang Sibo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractActive learning for graph neural networks (GNNs) aims to select B nodes to label for the best possible GNN performance. Carefully selected labeled nodes can help improve GNN performance and hence motivates a line of research works. Unfortunately, existing methods still provide inferior GNN performance or cannot scale to large networks.Motivated by these limitations, in this paper, we present FICOM, an effective and scalable GNN active learning framework. Firstly, we formulate the node selection as an optimization problem where we consider the importance of a node from (i) the importance of a node during the feature propagation with a connection to the personalized PageRank (PPR), and (ii) the diversity of a node brings in the embedding space generated by feature propagation. We show that the defined problem is submodular, and a greedy solution can provide a $$(1-1/e)$$

(
1
-
1
/
e
)

-approximate solution.However, a standard greedy solution requires getting the node with the maximum marginal gain of the objective score in each iteration, which incurs a prohibitive running cost and cannot scale to large datasets. As our main contribution, we present FICOM, an efficient and scalable solution that provides $$(1-1/e)$$

(
1
-
1
/
e
)

-approximation guarantee and scales to graphs with millions of nodes on a single machine. The main idea is that we adaptively maintain the lower- and upper-bound of the marginal gain for each node v. In each iteration, we can first derive a small subset of candidate nodes and then compute the exact score for this subset of candidate nodes so that we can find the node with the maximum marginal gain efficiently. Extensive experiments on six benchmark datasets using four GNNs, including GCN, SGC, APPNP, and GCNII, show that our FICOM consistently outperforms existing active learning approaches on semi-supervised node classification tasks using different GNNs. Moreover, our solution can finish within 5 h on a million-node graph.
Enhancing smart home interaction through multimodal command disambiguation
Authors: Calò Tommaso , De Russis Luigi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSmart speakers are entering our homes and enriching the connected ecosystem already present in them. Home inhabitants can use those to execute relatively simple commands, e.g., turning a lamp on. Their capabilities to interpret more complex and ambiguous commands (e.g., make this room warmer) are limited, if not absent. Large language models (LLMs) can offer creative and viable solutions to enable a practical and user-acceptable interpretation of such ambiguous commands. This paper introduces an interactive disambiguation approach that integrates visual and textual cues with natural language commands. After contextualizing the approach with a use case, we test it in an experiment where users are prompted to select the appropriate cue (an image or a textual description) to clarify ambiguous commands, thereby refining the accuracy of the system’s interpretations. Outcomes from the study indicate that the disambiguation system produces responses well-aligned with user intentions, and that participants found the textual descriptions slightly more effective. Finally, interviews reveal heightened satisfaction with the smart-home system when engaging with the proposed disambiguation approach.
Evaluation of the remineralization potential of self-assembling peptide P11-4 with fluoride compared to fluoride varnish in the management of incipient carious lesions: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Shaalan Omar , Fawzy El-Sayed Karim , Abouauf Eman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The present trial’s aim was to compare the remineralization potential of self-assembling peptide P11-4 combined with fluoride to that of fluoride varnish.

Materials and methods
Twenty-eight participants with 58 incipient carious lesions were enrolled in the present trial. Participants were randomly divided into two groups with 14 participants and 29 incipient lesions in each group. Patients were assigned either to self-assembling peptide combined with fluoride (Curodont Repair Fluoride Plus™) or sodium fluoride varnish (NaF, Bifluorid 10) groups. Both agents were applied according to the manufacturer’s instructions on non-cavitated incipient carious lesions. Lesions were assessed by two calibrated and blinded assessors at baseline, and after one-, three- and six-months using a laser fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent).

Results
Although laser fluorescence scores significantly improved in both groups over time (p < 0.05), no notable differences were evident between both groups at one-month (p > 0.05). Yet, at three- and six-months statistically lower laser fluorescence readings were evident in the self-assembling peptide combined with fluoride group in comparison to the fluoride alone group (p < 0.05). There was 60% less risk for caries progression for Curodont Repair Fluoride Plus™ when compared to NaF varnish after six months. Self-assembling peptide combined with fluoride was able to change 65.5% of non-cavitated carious lesions from DIAGNOdent score 3 (11–20) to score 1 (0–4). Fluoride varnish was able to change 13.8% of the lesions from score 3 to score 1 after six months.

Conclusions
The self-assembling peptide combined with fluoride varnish showed higher remineralization potential than fluoride varnish alone for incipient carious lesions over a six-months follow up.

Clinical relevance
The combination of self-assembling peptide P11-4 and fluoride could offer a new tool in managing incipient carious lesions.
Unveiling vocal profiles in adolescent anorexia nervosa: a Software Based, Multiparametric Analysis
Authors: Pruccoli Jacopo , di Torrepadula Giulio Rocco , Bergonzini Luca , Genovese Valentina , Parmeggiani Antonia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dysphonia, characterized by disturbances in voice quality and modulation, has been sporadically observed in individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), potentially stemming from both organic and psychopathological factors. This study seeks to employ software-based voice analysis to compare the voices of girls with AN to those of female healthy controls (HC). Case-control study adopting “Praat” software to assess voices. Various parameters, including Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI), Fundamental Frequency (F0), Yanagihara’s Spectrographic Dysphonia Classifications, and “GIRBAS” perceptual qualitative voice rating, were investigated. Participants completed questionnaires for Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI) and the Reflux Symptoms Index (RSI). Puberty-related voice spectrum changes were considered, and Bonferroni-corrected BMI-adjusted Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVAs) were conducted. The study enrolled 15 girls with AN and 23 girls with HC. AN patients demonstrated greater impairment in voice tiredness/voice avoidance (VFI-1, p < 0.001), vocal physical discomfort (VIF-2, p = 0.002), and rest as alleviation (VFI-3, p = 0.012). Reflux-related scores were higher in AN (p < 0.001). Differences were observed in voice quality (AVQI) (p = 0.001), and GIRBAS scales showed alterations in multiple parameters. Spectrograms documented more frequent pathological findings in AN patients (p = 0.021). No difference was observed in Fundamental Frequency. These group (AN/HC) differences were independent of weight measures. This study is the first to connect voice irregularities in AN by employing standardized, non-invasive tools and accounting for weight-related factors. Young AN patients demonstrated substantial voice quality changes and heightened self-reported symptoms. Future research should expand on these findings with prospective designs and invasive investigations.
Deterministic approach to assess landslide susceptibility and landslide activity in the Central-Western Region of Slovakia
Authors: Bednarik Martin , Yilmaz Isik , Kralovičová Lenka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractQuantitative assessments in landslide susceptibility evaluation are typically dominated by statistical analyses. However, this paper employs a deterministic approach to construct such maps, specifically focusing on the stability assessment of shallow landslides with slip surfaces generally not exceeding 5 m in depth at a regional scale. The study area chosen for this research is the landslide-prone region between Hlohovec and Sereď towns in the central-western part of Slovakia. Our focus is on the activation of shallow landslides, representing the youngest, third generation of landslide evolution in the area. For the stability assessment, three scenarios were considered using deterministic analysis: a scenario involving dry slopes, a scenario under partially saturated conditions, and a scenario of fully saturated slopes. This approach enables the assessment of stability conditions based on qualitative parameters derived from both field and laboratory research. The results from the deterministic analysis aid in defining different stages of activity within the landslide body. These Landslide susceptibility maps were verified directly in the field, and most landslides reactivated from 2011 to the present fell into the class with the safety factor below 1.0. In comparison with the landslide hazard map created by using bivariate statistical analysis, it was observed that 89.97% of the area is in a very high level of landslide hazard, given a safety factor below 1.0. This highlights the effectiveness of the deterministic approach in capturing the vulnerability of the region to shallow landslides.
Pictorial depth cues elicit the perception of tridimensionality in dogs
Authors: Broseghini Anna , Stasek Markus , Lõoke Miina , Guérineau Cécile , Marinelli Lieta , Mongillo Paolo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The perception of tridimensionality is elicited by binocular disparity, motion parallax, and monocular or pictorial cues. The perception of tridimensionality arising from pictorial cues has been investigated in several non-human animal species. Although dogs can use and discriminate bidimensional images, to date there is no evidence of dogs’ ability to perceive tridimensionality in pictures and/or through pictorial cues. The aim of the present study was to assess the perception of tridimensionality in dogs elicited by two pictorial cues: linear perspective and shading. Thirty-two dogs were presented with a tridimensional stimulus (i.e., a ball) rolling onto a planar surface until eventually falling into a hole (control condition) or until reaching and rolling over an illusory hole (test condition). The illusory hole corresponded to the bidimensional pictorial representation of the real hole, in which the pictorial cues of shading and linear perspective created the impression of tridimensionality. In a violation of expectation paradigm, dogs showed a longer looking time at the scene in which the unexpected situation of a ball rolling over an illusory hole occurred. The surprise reaction observed in the test condition suggests that the pictorial cues of shading and linear perspective in the bidimensional image of the hole were able to elicit the perception of tridimensionality in dogs.