bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AIE‐Based Sensor Combination for Oleic Acid/Elaidic Acid Discriminating and Sensing
Authors: Shi Yufeng , Yang Xiaofei , Wu Shengnan , Fan Hongying , Zhou Chengcheng , Yao Hang , Wang Chengyin , Chong Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTwo aggregation induced emission molecules (TPE‐MZ and QM‐Py‐TPE) have been synthesized and characterized. Similar to conventional AIE based molecules, both molecules displayed good sensitivity towards water fraction and viscosity of dispersing medium. The fluorescent emission intensity of TPE‐MZ gradually reduced with increasing concentration of oleic acid and elaidic acid within the range of 0.2–5 mM. The inflection points of TPE‐MZ fluorescent emission maximum for oleic acid and elaidic acid were observed at 1.40 and 0.80 mM, respectively. The corresponding inflection points of QM‐Py‐TPE were 1.80 and 2.00 mM for oleic acid and elaidic acid, respectively. Sensor combination (TPE‐MZ:QM‐Py‐TPE=2 : 1) emitted pink and yellow fluorescence in elaidic and oleic acid. Fluorescent emission ratio of I646/I508 of sensor combination displayed acceptable linear relationship (R2=0.9826) with concentration of oleic acid (within the concentration of 4 mM). Thus, the sensor combination was capable of oleic acid and elaidic acid naked‐eye discriminating and quantitively sensing.
Impact of H2 Reduction on the Performance and Stability of Phenol Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO) Over Cu−Ce/AC Catalysts
Authors: Chen KangDi , Chai Siqi , Li Guoqiang , Li Zeyu , Wang Youqian , Li Heting , Ma Liwei , Wei Mai , Zhang Guojie , Wang Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we utilized the carbon precursor derived from walnut shells to synthesize a series of Ce‐modified Cu‐based carbon catalysts (Cu−Ce/AC) via the impregnation method. We investigated the performance and stability of Cu−Ce/AC catalysts for CWAO phenol after H2 reduction at various temperatures. The Cu−Ce/AC‐250 catalyst exhibited its highest performance at 250 °C, achieving complete phenol conversion. Characterization results from techniques including XRD, BET, FTIR, ICP‐OES, SEM‐EDS, XPS, and H2‐TPR indicated that the active components of the H2‐reduced catalysts were more evenly distributed across the catalyst surface, thereby enhancing the availability of reactive sites for phenol oxidation. Simultaneously, under the appropriate temperature, the H2 atmosphere can reduce a portion of the Cu2+ on the catalyst surface to Cu+, thereby mitigating the loss of Cu components.
Real‐Time Observation of Protein Aggregation at Liquid‐Liquid Interfaces in a Microfluidic Device
Authors: Zürcher Dominik , Wuchner Klaus , Arosio Paolo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA droplet microfluidic device to capture in real‐time protein aggregation at liquid‐liquid interfaces is described. In contrast to conventional methods, typically characterized by a lag time between the application of interfacial stress and the measurement of protein aggregation, here protein adsorption, the formation of a viscoelastic protein layer, aggregation, and shedding of protein particles into solution is simultaneously monitored. The device is applied to analyze the stability of antibody formulations over a wide range of concentrations (1–180 mg mL−1) at the silicone oil (SO)‐water interface under controlled mechanical deformation. The adsorption onto oil droplets induces the formation of a viscoelastic protein layer on a subsecond timescale, which progressively restricts the relaxation of the droplets within the chip. Upon mechanical rupture, the protein layer releases particles in solution. The rate of particle formation increases strongly with concentration, similar to the bulk viscosity. Concentrations above 120 mg mL−1 lead to aggregation in seconds and drastically decrease the mechanical perturbations required to shed protein particles in solution. These results are important for the development of formulations at high‐protein concentrations (>100 mg mL−1) and indicate that particular attention should be given to interface‐induced particle formation in this concentration range. In this context, low‐volume microfluidic platforms allow the assessment of protein physical instabilities early in development and represent attractive tools to optimize antibody stability and formulation design consuming limited amounts of material.
A Click‐Type Enzymatic Method for Antigen‐Adjuvant Conjugation
Authors: Sun Yange , Li Ting , Guo Yan , Sun Peng , Wu Jun , Pan Chao , Wang Hengliang , Zhu Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) stimulator, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, has emerged as a potent enhancer of protein subunit vaccines. Incorporating the protein antigen directly with the CpG adjuvant presents a novel strategy to significantly reduce the required dosage of CpG compared to traditional methods that use separate components. In contrast to existing chemical conjugation methods, this study introduces an enzymatic approach for antigen‐adjuvant coupling using a recombinant endonuclease DCV fused with SpyTag. This fusion protein catalyzes the covalent linkage between itself and the CpG adjuvant under mild conditions. These conjugates can be further linked with target protein antigens containing the SpyCatcher sequence, yielding stable, covalently‐linked antigen‐adjuvant complexes. The corresponding complex utilizing the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein as the model antigen, elicits high‐titer, specific antibody production in mice via both subcutaneous administration and intratracheal inoculation. Notably, the tumor vaccine candidate fabricated by this method has also shown significant inhibition of cancer progression after intratracheal administration. The technique ensures precise, site‐specific coupling and preserves the antigen's structural integrity due to the post‐purification coupling strategy that simplifies manufacturing and aids in developing inhalable vaccines.
Unilateral consensus: Legitimation as a societal phenomenon in Luhmannian systems theory
Authors: Pretorius Richard , Bombaerts Gunter , Talmar Madis , Walrave Bob 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor Niklas Luhmann, the political system's primary function is the establishment of decision premises for future decisions, with these decisions being applied across different societal subsystems. However, Luhmann recognized that this resulted in the political system running the risk of de‐differentiating itself when producing collectively binding decisions. Luhmann solved this problem by restricting the political system's role, relegating it to society's sidelines. But there are many examples of where we would want the benefits of collectively binding decisions in society, such as planning systems. This raises the question how can we have decisions that serve as premises for future decisions across societal subsystems while maintaining each system's differentiation and legitimacy? To answer this question, we will redouble our focus on meaning in considering each system's legitimation process. Through the lens of meaning, we will show how legitimation can bring independent systems to make shared decisions, thus producing unilateral consensus.
Feeding habits and ecological implications of the invasive Flathead Catfish in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania
Authors: Stark Sydney , Schall Megan K. , Smith Geoffrey D. , Maloy Aaron P. , Coombs Jason A. , Wagner Tyler , Avery Julian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris are a widespread aquatic invasive species within the United States and a recent invader in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania. Flathead Catfish are piscivores known to consume native and recreationally important fish species. In the mid-Atlantic United States, it is unknown how this invader is impacting food webs and which species may be at greatest predation risk. To address this knowledge gap, we DNA barcoded stomach contents collected from Flathead Catfish to identify prey species and elucidate potential predatory impacts of Flathead Catfish in the Susquehanna River.

Methods
We used a Bayesian hierarchical multivariate probit model to investigate if the probability of prey species occurrence in the diets of Flathead Catfish varied seasonally or was a function of Flathead Catfish length.

Result
A total of 576 Flathead Catfish were collected during 2020–2021, with 241 individuals having recoverable stomach contents. In all, we identified 47 different prey species. The most common prey species were rusty crayfish Faxonius rusticus, Margined Madtom Noturus insignis, and shiners Notropis spp. While frequency of occurrence of prey species differed across Flathead Catfish length classes (&lt;300 mm, 301–600 mm, 601–900 mm TL), rusty crayfish were commonly found (33.7–44.0% of diets) in stomachs of all size-classes.

Conclusion
We found that Flathead Catfish length and seasonality did influence occurrence probability differentially for several prey species. For example, Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus were more likely to appear in shorter Flathead Catfish while Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu appeared in larger Flathead Catfish. We demonstrate significant variation in Flathead Catfish predation, increasing our understanding of predator–prey dynamics, which is necessary to better manage and identify future impacts to aquatic communities in the Susquehanna River basin.
Environmental cues for downstream-migrating American Eel at a hydroelectric facility
Authors: Manhard Christopher , Krebs Justin , Lozano Carlos , Jacobs Fred , Sturke Peter , Eberline Ben , Allen Taylor , Chamberlain Corey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of study was to identify environmental factors that influence downstream migration and passage of American Eels Anguilla rostrata in Roanoke Rapids Lake, a reservoir on the Roanoke River formed by the Roanoke Rapids Dam and Power Station.

Methods
Yellow- and silver-phase American Eels were outfitted with acoustic transmitters and monitored during four out-migration periods from October 2019 through March 2023 using acoustic telemetry receivers placed in Roanoke Rapids Lake and the Roanoke River downstream of the power station. The timing of downstream passage through the power station was determined using acoustic detection data. Poisson regression models were used to analyze American Eel detections in the context of environmental variables that were hypothesized to cue out-migration.

Result
Out-migration probability of American Eels from Roanoke Rapids Lake was influenced by time of day, rainfall, and change in lake level attributable to hydropower operations. Predictive models of out-migration probability demonstrated that the number of migrating American Eels was widely variable across environmental conditions and was particularly sensitive to changes in lake level.

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that management actions, such as scheduled water releases from a dam and the consequent change in lake level (or correlated factors), can influence the onset and timing of American Eel out-migration.
Influence of the wider educational context on the English language teaching practicum
Authors: Taş Tunay , Aslan Ayça 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver decades, the body of research about the experiences and perceptions of prospective teachers of English during their teaching practicum has grown substantially. However, little research is currently available on the role of the wider educational context in shaping the TESOL practicum. The current study attempts to fill this gap by differentiating the wider educational context from the local situational context through providing details and insights about prospective teachers' intricate interactions with their wider educational context. In this study, the researchers used an exploratory qualitative research design. Following analysis of 24 participants' written observation reports collected over a 10‐week period, they conducted a focus group discussion with five participants. Findings revealed four key themes pertaining to the Turkish educational context, showing that several factors beyond the control of prospective teachers inevitably affect their practicum experience. In conclusion, this study delves into the complexity of the TESOL practicum by highlighting the intricate interplay between the wider educational context and prospective teachers' experiences. It is suggested that investigating context‐bound factors and gaining a deeper understanding of the elements that frame prospective teachers' perceptions of their wider educational context could ultimately result in more principled and effective teacher education.
Rehabilitation of Informal Settlements in Heritage Sites: Zargaran (Bamiyan)*
Authors: Loda Mirella , Di Benedetto Gaetano , Potestà Giovanna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper outlines the main points of the rehabilitation plan for the informal settlement of Zargaran, in the Bamiyan Valley, which the University of Florence has been developing with funding from the Italian Development Cooperation. The plan has been prepared through a careful analysis of the area and building conditions. The plan aims to provide general guidance on the rehabilitation of informal housing settlements across UNESCO sites, not least because of the overlap between the westernmost part of the village and the UNESCO property of the Buddha Cliff.
The Archaeological Sites of Bamiyan Valley—Conditions and Possible Interventions from a Conservative Perspective
Authors: Colombo Fabio , Pannunzio Elisa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe following paper contains a detailed condition assessment of the main Bamiyan Valley’s archaeological sites that have been visited from February 19th to 22nd, 2023, on behalf of UNESCO and of the Japan Archaeological Mission in Afghanistan. The survey involved all the main archaeological sites of the Bamiyan Valley: the main cliff with the giant Buddhas and many caves, the Kakrak and Folladi Valleys, Shahr-e Gholghola and Shahr-e Zohak. The purpose was to assess their current condition and to define priorities for immediate response actions, to prevent vandalic actions, the collapse of archaeological structures and further deterioration of the wall paintings. For each site, a detailed photographic documentation of the current condition was completed, and the main conservation issues have been identified. The information about each site is displayed in dedicated paragraphs, included in this document.
Double-pole approximation for leading-order semi-leptonic vector-boson scattering at the LHC
Authors: Denner Ansgar , Lombardi Daniele , Schwan Christopher 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Measuring vector-boson scattering beyond the fully-leptonic final state is becoming possible at the LHC, which demands to have a solid control on the theory predictions for all final states of this class of processes. In this work we present a full off-shell leading-order calculation for the process pp → ℓ+νℓ + 4j in two fiducial regions which are particularly relevant for its experimental measurement. In addition to the fully electroweak order, i.e. $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}^6\right) $$
O

α
6

, we complement our results with $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_{\textrm{s}}{\alpha}^5\right) $$
O

α
s

α
5

and $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_{\textrm{s}}^2{\alpha}^4\right) $$
O

α
s
2

α
4

for inclusive predictions. At $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}^6\right) $$
O

α
6

we present for the first time a systematic treatment of the process in double-pole approximation and we perform a detailed study of its range of validity by considering inclusive and differential predictions compared to the full off-shell calculation.
First-order electroweak phase transition at finite density
Authors: Qin Renhui , Bian Ligong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the Electroweak phase transition with the Standard Model effective field theory at finite temperature and finite density. Utilizing the dimensional reduction approach, we construct the tree dimensional thermal effective field theory at finite density and investigate the phase transition dynamics. We evaluate how the results depend on the renormalization scale and the chemical potential. Our results show that, with the tree dimensional thermal effective potential at 2-loop level, we can effectively reduce the theoretical uncertainty in the calculations of the phase transition parameters due to the renormalization scale dependence, and the new physics scale is restricted to be Λ ≲ (770 − 800) GeV by the baryon number washout avoidance condition. Meanwhile, the presence of the chemical potential would affect the phase transition parameter and make the constraints from the baryon number washout avoidance condition more strict, especially for weaker first-order phase transition scenarios at higher new physics scales.
Coleman-Weinberg dynamics of ultralight scalar dark matter and GeV-scale right-handed neutrinos
Authors: Murgui Clara , Plestid Ryan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We consider an extension of the Standard Model by three singlet fermions and one singlet real scalar field. The scalar is an ultralight dark matter candidate whose abundance is set by dynamically induced misalignment from the Higgs portal. We focus on parameter space where the Coleman-Weinberg potential both fixes the dark matter relic abundance, and predicts the mass scale of right-handed neutrinos. The model prefers scalar masses in the range of 10 μeV ≲ mϕ ≲ 10 meV, and can be tested via direct searches for a light scalar (e.g. fifth force tests), or by searching for right-handed neutrinos in laboratory experiments.
Hierarchies from landscape probability gradients and critical boundaries
Authors: Matsedonskyi Oleksii 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
If the gradient of a probability distribution on a landscape of vacua aligns with the variation of some fundamental parameter, the parameter may be likely to take some non-generic value. Such non-generic values can be associated to critical boundaries, where qualitative changes of the landscape properties happen, or an anthropic bound is located. Assuming the standard volume-weighted and the local probability measures, we discuss ordered landscapes which can produce several types of the aligned probability gradients. The resulting values of the gradients are defined by the “closeness” of a given vacuum to the highest- or the lowest-energy vacuum. Using these ingredients we construct a landscape scanning independently the Higgs mass and the cosmological constant (CC). The probability gradient pushes the Higgs mass to its observed value, where a structural change of the landscape takes place, while the CC is chosen anthropically.
Light vector bosons and the weak mixing angle in the light of future germanium-based reactor CEνNS experiments
Authors: Lindner Manfred , Rink Thomas , Sen Manibrata 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, the sensitivity of future germanium-based reactor neutrino experiments to the weak mixing angle sin2θW, and to the presence of new light vector bosons is investigated. By taking into account key experimental features with their uncertainties and the application of a data-driven and state-of-the-art reactor antineutrino spectrum, the impact of detection threshold and experimental exposure is assessed in detail for an experiment relying on germanium semiconductor detectors. With the established analysis framework, the precision on the Weinberg angle, and capability of probing the parameter space of a universally coupled mediator model, as well as a U(1)B−L-symmetric model are quantified. Our investigation finds the next-generation of germanium-based reactor neutrino experiments in good shape to determine the Weinberg angle sin2θW with < 10% precision using the low-energetic neutrino channel of CEνNS. In addition, the current limits on new light vector bosons determined by reactor experiments can be lowered by about an order of magnitude via the combination of both CEνNS and EνeS. Consequently, our findings provide strong phenomenological support for future experimental endeavours close to a reactor site.
Massive spin three-half field in a constant electromagnetic background
Authors: Delplanque William , Skvortsov Evgeny 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Massive higher-spin fields are difficult to introduce consistent interactions, including electromagnetic and gravitational ones which are clearly exhibited by (non-elementary) higher-spin particles in nature. We construct an action that describes consistent interactions of massive spin three-half field with a constant electromagnetic background. We also work out the relation to the chiral approach.
One-loop analysis of β decays in SMEFT
Authors: Dawid Maria , Cirigliano Vincenzo , Dekens Wouter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We perform a loop-level analysis of charged-current (CC) processes involving light leptons and quarks within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). This work is motivated by the high precision reached in experiment and Standard Model calculations for CC decays of mesons, neutron, and nuclei, and by a lingering tension in the Cabibbo universality test. We identify the SMEFT operators that induce the largest loop-level contributions to CC processes. These include four-quark and four-fermion semileptonic operators involving two third-generation quarks. We discuss the available constraints on the relevant effective couplings and along the way we derive new loop-level bounds from K → $$ \pi \nu \overline{\nu} $$
πν

ν
¯

on four-quark operators involving two top quarks. We find that low-energy CC processes are quite competitive with other probes, set constraints that do not depend on flavor-symmetry assumptions, and probe operators involving third-generation quarks up to effective scales of Λ ≃ 8 TeV. Finally, we briefly discuss single-field ultraviolet completions that could induce the relevant operators.
Superconformal monodromy defects in $$ \mathcal{N} $$=4 SYM and LS theory
Authors: Arav Igal , Gauntlett Jerome P. , Jiao Yusheng , Roberts Matthew M. , Rosen Christopher 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study type IIB supergravity solutions that are dual to two-dimensional superconformal defects in d = 4 SCFTs which preserve $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 2) supersymmetry. We consider solutions dual to defects in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM theory that have non-trivial monodromy for U(1)3 ⊂ SO(6) global symmetry and we also allow for the possibility of conical singularities. In addition, we consider the addition of fermionic and bosonic mass terms that have non trivial dependence on the spatial directions transverse to the defect, while preserving the superconformal symmetry of the defect. We compute various physical quantities including the central charges of the defect expressed as a function of the monodromy, the on-shell action as well as associated supersymmetric Rényi entropies. Analogous computations are carried out for superconformal defects in the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1, d = 4 Leigh-Strassler SCFT. We also show that the defects of the two SCFTs are connected by a line of bulk marginal mass deformations and argue that they are also related by bulk RG flow.
Comments on integrability in the symmetric orbifold
Authors: Frolov Sergey , Sfondrini Alessandro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present a map between the excitation of the symmetric-product orbifold CFT of T4, and of the worldsheet-integrability description of AdS3 × S3 × T4 of Lloyd, Ohlsson Sax, Sfondrini, and Stefański at k = 1. We discuss the map in the absence of RR fluxes, when the theory is free, and at small RR flux, h ≪ 1, where the symmetric-orbifold CFT is deformed by a marginal operator from the twist-two sector. We discuss the recent results of Gaberdiel, Gopakumar, and Nairz, who computed from the perturbed symmetric-product orbifold the central extension to the symmetry algebra of the theory and its coproduct. We show that it coincides with the h ≪ 1 expansion of the lightcone symmetry algebra known from worldsheet integrability, and that hence the S matrix found by Gaberdiel, Gopakumar, and Nairz maps to the one bootstrapped by the worldsheet integrability approach.