ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN ATRIAL FIBRILASI PADA PASIEN MITRAL STENOSIS DI RSD Dr. SOEBANDI JEMBER
Authors: Hairrudin Hairrudin , Triastiana Kurbaini Feby , Wulandari Pipiet 
Published: July 2024

Mitral stenosis merupakan kelainan katup jantung dengan prevalensi yang masih tinggi di negara-negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Penyakit ini menjadi penyebab tersering morbiditas dan mortalitas dini pada generasi muda di seluruh dunia. Salah satu komplikasi dari mitral stenosis adalah atrial fibrilasi yang dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor risiko seperti, usia lanjut, dilatasi atrium sinistra, rendahnya nilai Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) dan Tricupsid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE), serta presentasi trombus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai faktor risiko kejadian atrial fibrilasi pada pasien mitral stenosis. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis analitik deskriptif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh pasien rawat jalan yang terdiagnosis mitral stenosis di Poli Jantung RSD dr. Soebandi Jember pada periode antara Januari 2022 - Januari 2024. Data variabel dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat (chi-square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik berganda). Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 70 pasien, pasien mitral stenosis didominasi oleh wanita dan pasien berusia >40 tahun. Sebanyak 81% pasien mitral stenosis mengalami atrial fibrilasi. Dari enam variabel yang diteliti didapatkan bahwa derajat mitral stenosis (P = 0,005 ; OR = 12,744) dan usia >40 tahun (P = 0,012 ; OR = 15,835) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian atrial fibrilasi berdasarkan hasil uji bivariat dan multivariat. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor risiko terkait kejadian atrial fibrilasi pada pasien mitral stenosis di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember adalah derajat mitral stenosis dan usia lanjut.

Mitral stenosis is a heart valve disorder with a high prevalence in developing countries such as Indonesia. This disease is the most common cause of morbidity and premature mortality in young people throughout the world. One of the complications of mitral stenosis is atrial fibrillation, which can be caused by several risk factors such as advanced age, left atrial enlargement, low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF), and Tricupsid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE), as well as thrombus presentation. This study aims to assess the risk factors for atrial fibrillation in mitral stenosis patients. This research uses descriptive analytics with a cross-sectional research design. The research sample was all outpatients diagnosed with mitral stenosis at the Cardiac Polyclinic, RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember in the period between January 2022 - January 2024. Variable data was analyzed using univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression). The total research sample was 70 patients, with mitral stenosis patients being dominated by women and patients aged >40 years. As many as 81% of mitral stenosis patients experience atrial fibrillation. Of the six variables studied, it was found that the degree of mitral stenosis (P = 0.005; OR = 12.744) and age >40 years (P = 0.012; OR = 15.835) had a significant relationship with the incidence of atrial fibrillation based on the results of bivariate and multivariate tests. It can be concluded that the risk factors related to the incidence of atrial fibrillation in mitral stenosis patients at RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember is the degree of mitral stenosis and advanced age.