bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histology and cell wall biochemistry of stone cells in the physical defence of conifers against insects
Authors: Whitehill Justin G. A. , Henderson Hannah , Schuetz Mathias , Skyba Oleksandr , Yuen Macaire Man Saint , King John , Samuels A. Lacey , Mansfield Shawn D. , Bohlmann Jörg 
Published: October 2015

AbstractConifers possess an array of physical and chemical defences against stem‐boring insects. Stone cells provide a physical defence associated with resistance against bark beetles and weevils. In Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), abundance of stone cells in the cortex of apical shoots is positively correlated with resistance to white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi). We identified histological, biochemical and molecular differences in the stone cell phenotype of weevil resistant (R) or susceptible (S) Sitka spruce genotypes. R trees displayed significantly higher quantities of cortical stone cells near the apical shoot node, the primary site for weevil feeding. Lignin, cellulose, xylan and mannan were the most abundant components of stone cell secondary walls, respectively. Lignin composition of stone cells isolated from R trees contained a higher percentage of G‐lignin compared with S trees. Transcript profiling revealed higher transcript abundance in the R genotype of coumarate 3‐hydroxylase, a key monolignol biosynthetic gene. Developing stone cells in current year apical shoots incorporated fluorescent‐tagged monolignol into the secondary cell wall, while mature stone cells of previous year apical shoots did not. Stone cell development is an ephemeral process, and fortification of shoot tips in R trees is an effective strategy against insect feeding.
Rice ASR1 and ASR5 are complementary transcription factors regulating aluminium responsive genes
Authors: Arenhart Rafael Augusto , Schunemann Mariana , Bucker Neto Lauro , Margis Rogerio , Wang Zhi‐Yong , Margis‐Pinheiro Marcia 
Published: October 2015

AbstractRice is the most tolerant staple crop to aluminium (Al) toxicity, which is a limiting stress for grain production worldwide. This Al tolerance is the result of combined mechanisms that are triggered in part by the transcription factor ASR5. ASRs are dual target proteins that participate as chaperones in the cytoplasm and as transcription factors in the nucleus. Moreover, these proteins respond to biotic and abiotic stresses, including salt, drought and Al. Rice plants with silenced ASR genes are highly sensitive to Al. ASR5, a well‐characterized protein, binds to specific cis elements in Al responsive genes and regulates their expression. Because the Al sensitive phenotype found in silenced rice plants could be due to the mutual silencing of ASR1 and ASR5, we investigated the effect of the specific silencing of ASR5. Plants with artificial microRNA silencing of ASR5 present a non‐transformed phenotype in response to Al because of the induction of ASR1. ASR1 has the same subcellular localization as ASR5, binds to ASR5 cis‐regulatory elements, regulates ASR5 regulated genes in a non‐preferential manner and might replace ASR5 under certain conditions. Our results indicate that ASR1 and ASR5 act in concert and complementarily to regulate gene expression in response to Al.
Is she the one? Personality judgments from online personal advertisements
Authors: WEIDMAN AARON C. , CHENG JOEY T. , CHISHOLM CHANDRA , TRACY JESSICA L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe authors examined the linguistic cues that inform personality judgments from online personal advertisements, and whether these judgments are accurate. Advertisers reported their personality, and 2 sets of naïve judges—including one that was seeking a romantic partner—rated advertisers' personality after reading their ads. Judges' impressions of extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability—3 traits that are strongly desired in a romantic partner—were influenced by particular lexical cues, such as word count, emotionality, and profanity. Both sets of judges formed accurate impressions for extraversion, but not other traits. These findings suggest that online daters use linguistic cues to judge the desirability of a potential romantic partner's personality, but that the impressions driven by these cues are not always accurate.
Extracellular ATP functions in alleviating the decrease of PSII photochemistry caused by the infection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli
Authors: Jiao Q.‐S. , Feng H.‐Q. , Tian W.‐Y. , Bai J.‐Y. , Sun K. , Jia L.‐Y. , Zhang J.‐P. 
Published: October 2015

Extracellular ATP (eATP) can function as a signalling molecule to regulate a wide range of cellular processes. This present work investigated the role of eATP in mediating the change of PSII (photosystem II) photochemistry of the tissues of Phaseolus vulgaris leaves infected with Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp). Infection of the leaves with Xcp caused a significant decrease in the the PSII maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry at illumination (Fv′/Fm′), the PSII operating efficiency (ΦPSII), the rate of non‐cyclic electron transport through PSII (ETR), photochemical quenching (qP), and eATP level in the tissues of the infected leaves. At the same time, the levels of non‐photochemical quenching (qN) and the quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation of PSII (Y(NPQ)) were significantly increased. Application of exogenous ATP at 0·2 mm to uninfected leaves had no significant effect on any of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters being measured. However, in the tissues of infected leaves, the application of exogenous ATP alleviated the decreases of the Fv/Fm, Fv′/Fm′, ΦPSII, ETR, qP and eATP level, and also abolished the increases of qN and Y(NPQ). These results suggest that the change of PSII photochemistry by pathogen infection could be mediated by eATP.
In Eating‐Disordered Inpatient Adolescents, Self‐Criticism Predicts Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury
Authors: Itzhaky Liat , Shahar Golan , Stein Daniel , Fennig Silvana 
Published: October 2015

We examined the role of depressive traits—self‐criticism and dependency—in nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation among inpatient adolescents with eating disorders. In two studies (N = 103 and 55), inpatients were assessed for depressive traits, suicidal ideations, and NSSI. In Study 2, motivation for carrying out NSSI was also assessed. In both studies, depression predicted suicidal ideation and self‐criticism predicted NSSI. In Study 2, depression and suicidal ideation also predicted NSSI. The automatic positive motivation for NSSI was predicted by dependency and depressive symptoms, and by a two‐way interaction between self‐criticism and dependency. Consistent with the “self‐punishment model,” self‐criticism appears to constitute a dimension of vulnerability for NSSI.
Effect of topical 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride on tear production, pupil size, and intraocular pressure in healthy Beagles
Authors: Costa Daniel , Leiva Marta , Coyo Natàlia , Laguna Fernando , Ríos Jose , Peña Gimenez Maria Teresa 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of topical 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride (CH) on tear production (TP), pupil size (PS), and intraocular pressure (IOP) in dogs.Animal studiedFifteen healthy beagle dogs from theUABresearch‐teaching colony.ProcedureDogs without ocular diseases were included. Each animal received one drop of 1%CHophthalmic solution in a randomly selected eye.TP,PS, andIOPwere evaluated by means ofSTT‐1, static pupillometry, and rebound tonometry, respectively. Evaluations were performed before drug instillation and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, 54, 60, 72, 84, and 96 h postinstillation. Examinations took place in a room with fixed light intensity (40–55 lux). Statistical analysis was performed by means of generalized estimating equations for the effect onSTT‐1, pupil size, andIOPover time.ResultsAfter unilateral application of 1%CH, significant pupillary dilation started at 30 min, reached its maximum at 12 h, and returned to pre‐instillation size after 72 h. No significant effects were found onTPorIOP, at any time. No effects were observed in the untreated eye on any of the parameters evaluated.ConclusionCyclopentolate hydrochloride could be considered a therapeutic alternative when use of a cycloplegic drug is needed and effects on tear production andIOPare unwanted.
Versatility of the Angularis Oris Axial Pattern Flap for Facial Reconstruction
Authors: Losinski Sara L. , Stanley Bryden J. , Schallberger Sandra P. , Nelson Laura L. , Millard Heather A.M. Towle 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveTo describe the versatility of the axial pattern flap based on the cutaneous perforating branch of the angularis oris artery for reconstruction of large facial defects in dogs, including complications and clinical outcomes.Study DesignRetrospective clinical case series.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs (n = 8).MethodsFacial flaps (n = 9) based at the commissure of the lip with a caudodorsal orientation were utilized, with established anatomical borders. Flaps were elevated deep to the panniculus carnosus in a caudal to rostral direction, preserving the angularis oris artery, its cutaneous perforator, and surrounding cutaneous vasculature. Flaps were rotated dorsally or ventrally to cover the defect. Primary closure of the donor site was by direct apposition in all cases.ResultsAngularis oris axial pattern flaps were most commonly used to close large defects of the nasomaxillary area rostral to the eyes (6 dogs), followed by orbital (2) and intermandibular (1) defects. Defects occurred because of tumor resection (6 dogs), trauma (2), and a chronic, non‐healing wounding (1). All flaps healed with acceptable functional and cosmetic outcomes without major complications. Followup ranged from 10 days to 16 months. Minor postoperative complications included flap edema (8 dogs), partial incisional dehiscence (3), distal tip necrosis (2), and oroantral fistula recurrence (1).ConclusionAngularis oris axial pattern flaps provided hirsute, full‐thickness skin coverage of a variety of large facial defects with minor complications, and should be considered when restructuring large defects of the rostral face or chin.
Thoracoscopic Lung Lobectomy for Primary Lung Tumors in 13 Dogs
Authors: Bleakley Seth , Duncan Colleen G. , Monnet Eric 
Published: October 2015

ObjectivesTo report our experience with thoracoscopic lung lobectomy in dogs with primary lung tumors and compare the long‐term outcome between dogs with primary lung tumors treated with lobectomy via thoracoscopy or thoracotomy.Study DesignRetrospective case series; case–control study.AnimalsThirteen dogs with primary lung tumors treated with thoracoscopic lung lobectomy; case‐matched cohort of 9 dogs with primary lung tumors treated with lobectomy via thoracotomy.MethodsMedical records from dogs that underwent thoracoscopic lung lobectomy at a single institution were reviewed. Only cases with primary lung tumors were included. Surgical complications and conversion rate were reported. Cases without conversion and with clean margins on histologic examination were matched on prognostic criteria to cases with primary lung tumors treated with lobectomy via thoracotomy. Survival was compared between thoracoscopy and thoracotomy.ResultsThirteen dogs with primary lung tumors that measured 2.2–7 cm underwent thoracoscopic lung lobectomy. Nine dogs were diagnosed with carcinoma and 4 with histiocytic sarcoma. There were 3 conversions to open thoracotomy because of poor visualization. There were no differences in short‐term outcome between dogs that had their procedures completed via thoracoscopy and those that were converted to thoracotomy. Nine dogs with clean margins were matched with 9 dogs treated via thoracotomy. Mean (standard deviation) followup was 367 (327) days for dogs undergoing thoracoscopy and 603 (612) days for dogs undergoing thoracotomy. The 2‐year survival rate was 44% for thoracoscopy and 56% for thoracotomy (P = .942).ConclusionSelected primary lung tumors in dogs can be safely resected with thoracoscopy and not affect long‐term outcome.
Analytical Solutions to H2 and H∞ Optimizations of Resonant Shunted Electromagnetic Tuned Mass Damper and Vibration Energy Harvester
Authors: Tang Xiudong , Liu Yilun , Cui Wen , Zuo Lei 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
When optimized, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) can effectively mitigate the vibration of the primary structure, because additional resonance and damping are introduced by the auxiliary mass-spring-damper system. Similar effect can be realized without auxiliary mass when an electromagnetic transducer shunt with the R-L-C resonant circuit is placed between the primary structure and the base. This paper is to analytically optimize the parameters of the R-L-C circuits for vibration mitigation. Both H2 and H∞ optimization criteria are investigated, which are to minimize the root-mean-square (RMS) vibration under random excitation and the peak magnitude in the frequency domain, respectively. The concise closed-form solutions of the optimal parameters are then summarized together with the ones obtained the using fixed-point method, for practical implementation convenience. The H2 and H∞ optimizations of energy harvesting are also discussed in this paper. Furthermore, we also investigate the sensitivity of system performances to the tuning parameter changes of the electromagnetic shunt circuit.
Influence of Vacuum Cooling on Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infiltration in Fresh Leafy Greens via a Multiphoton-Imaging Approach
Authors: Vonasek Erica , Nitin Nitin 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Microbial pathogen infiltration in fresh leafy greens is a significant food safety risk factor. In various postharvest operations, vacuum cooling is a critical process for maintaining the quality of fresh produce. The overall goal of this study was to evaluate the risk of vacuum cooling-induced infiltration of
Escherichia coli
O157:H7 into lettuce using multiphoton microscopy. Multiphoton imaging was chosen as the method to locate
E. coli
O157:H7 within an intact lettuce leaf due to its high spatial resolution, low background fluorescence, and near-infrared (NIR) excitation source compared to those of conventional confocal microscopy. The variables vacuum cooling, surface moisture, and leaf side were evaluated in a three-way factorial study with
E. coli
O157:H7 on lettuce. A total of 188 image stacks were collected. The images were analyzed for
E. coli
O157:H7 association with stomata and
E. coli
O157:H7 infiltration. The quantitative imaging data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicate that the low-moisture condition led to an increased risk of microbial association with stomata (
P
< 0.05). Additionally, the interaction between vacuum cooling levels and moisture levels led to an increased risk of infiltration (
P
< 0.05). This study also demonstrates the potential of multiphoton imaging for improving sensitivity and resolution of imaging-based measurements of microbial interactions with intact leaf structures, including infiltration.
Combination Therapy of LysGH15 and Apigenin as a New Strategy for Treating Pneumonia Caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Xia Feifei , Li Xin , Wang Bin , Gong Pengjuan , Xiao Feng , Yang Mei , Zhang Lei , Song Jun , Hu Liyuan , Cheng Mengjun , Sun Changjiang , Feng Xin , Lei Liancheng , Ouyang Songying , Liu Zhi-Jie , Li Xinwei , Gu Jingmin , Han Wenyu 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Pneumonia is one of the most prevalent
Staphylococcus aureus
-mediated diseases, and the treatment of this infection is becoming challenging due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant
S. aureus
, especially methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
(MRSA) strains. It has been reported that LysGH15, the lysin derived from phage GH15, displays high efficiency and a broad lytic spectrum against MRSA and that apigenin can markedly diminish the alpha-hemolysin of
S. aureus
. In this study, the combination therapy of LysGH15 and apigenin was evaluated
in vitro
and in a mouse
S. aureus
pneumonia model. No mutual adverse influence was detected between LysGH15 and apigenin
in vitro
. In animal experiments, the combination therapy showed a more effective treatment effect than LysGH15 or apigenin monotherapy (
P
< 0.05). The bacterial load in the lungs of mice administered the combination therapy was 1.5 log units within 24 h after challenge, whereas the loads in unprotected mice or mice treated with apigenin or LysGH15 alone were 10.2, 4.7, and 2.6 log units, respectively. The combination therapy group showed the best health status, the lowest ratio of wet tissue to dry tissue of the lungs, the smallest amount of total protein and cells in the lung, the fewest pathological manifestations, and the lowest cytokine level compared with the other groups (
P
< 0.05). With regard to its better protective efficacy, the combination therapy of LysGH15 and apigenin exhibits therapeutic potential for treating pneumonia caused by MRSA. This paper reports the combination therapy of lysin and natural products derived from traditional Chinese medicine.
Antibodies against Venom of the Snake Deinagkistrodon acutus
Authors: Lee Chi-Hsin , Lee Yu-Ching , Liang Meng-Huei , Leu Sy-Jye , Lin Liang-Tzung , Chiang Jen-Ron , Yang Yi-Yuan 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTSnake venom protein fromDeinagkistrodon acutus(DA protein), one of the major venomous species in Taiwan, causes hemorrhagic symptoms that can lead to death. Although horse-derived antivenin is a major treatment, relatively strong and detrimental side effects are seen occasionally. In our study, yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) was purified from eggs, and DA protein was recognized using Western blotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), similar to therapeutic horse antivenin. The ELISA also indicated that specific IgY antibodies were elicited after the fifth booster, plateaued, and lasted for at least 3 months. To generate monoclonal single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies, we used phage display technology to construct two libraries with short or long linkers, containing 6.24 × 108and 5.28 × 108transformants, respectively. After four rounds of biopanning, the eluted phage titer increased, and the phage-based ELISA indicated that the specific clones were enriched. Nucleotide sequences of 30 individual clones expressing scFv were analyzed and classified into four groups that all specifically recognized the DA venom protein. Furthermore, based on mass spectrometry, the scFv-bound protein was deduced to be snake venom metalloproteinase proteins. Most importantly, both IgY and mixed scFv inhibited the lethal effect in mice injected with the minimum lethal dosage of the DA protein. We suggest that together, these antibodies could be applied to the development of diagnostic agents or treatments for snakebite envenomation in the future.
Genomic Diversity of Phages Infecting Probiotic Strains of Lactobacillus paracasei
Authors: Mercanti Diego J. , Rousseau Geneviève M. , Capra María L. , Quiberoni Andrea , Tremblay Denise M. , Labrie Simon J. , Moineau Sylvain 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Strains of the
Lactobacillus casei
group have been extensively studied because some are used as probiotics in foods. Conversely, their phages have received much less attention. We analyzed the complete genome sequences of five
L. paracasei
temperate phages: C
L
1, C
L
2, i
Lp
84, i
Lp
1308, and iA2. Only phage iA2 could not replicate in an indicator strain. The genome lengths ranged from 34,155 bp (iA2) to 39,474 bp (C
L
1). Phages iA2 and i
Lp
1308 (34,176 bp) possess the smallest genomes reported, thus far, for phages of the
L. casei
group. The GC contents of the five phage genomes ranged from 44.8 to 45.6%. As observed with many other phages, their genomes were organized as follows: genes coding for DNA packaging, morphogenesis, lysis, lysogeny, and replication. Phages C
L
1, C
L
2, and i
Lp
1308 are highly related to each other. Phage i
Lp
84 was also related to these three phages, but the similarities were limited to gene products involved in DNA packaging and structural proteins. Genomic fragments of phages C
L
1, C
L
2, i
Lp
1308, and i
Lp
84 were found in several genomes of
L. casei
strains. Prophage iA2 is unrelated to these four phages, but almost all of its genome was found in at least four
L. casei
strains. Overall, these phages are distinct from previously characterized
Lactobacillus
phages. Our results highlight the diversity of
L. casei
phages and indicate frequent DNA exchanges between phages and their hosts.
Microbial Community Analysis with Ribosomal Gene Fragments from Shotgun Metagenomes
Authors: Guo Jiarong , Cole James R. , Zhang Qingpeng , Brown C. Titus , Tiedje James M. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing does not depend on gene-targeted primers or PCR amplification; thus, it is not affected by primer bias or chimeras. However, searching rRNA genes from large shotgun Illumina data sets is computationally expensive, and no approach exists for unsupervised community analysis of small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene fragments retrieved from shotgun data. We present a pipeline, SSUsearch, to achieve the faster identification of short-subunit rRNA gene fragments and enabled unsupervised community analysis with shotgun data. It also includes classification and copy number correction, and the output can be used by traditional amplicon analysis platforms. Shotgun metagenome data using this pipeline yielded higher diversity estimates than amplicon data but retained the grouping of samples in ordination analyses. We applied this pipeline to soil samples with paired shotgun and amplicon data and confirmed bias against
Verrucomicrobia
in a commonly used V6-V8 primer set, as well as discovering likely bias against
Actinobacteria
and for
Verrucomicrobia
in a commonly used V4 primer set. This pipeline can utilize all variable regions in SSU rRNA and also can be applied to large-subunit (LSU) rRNA genes for confirmation of community structure. The pipeline can scale to handle large amounts of soil metagenomic data (5 Gb memory and 5 central processing unit hours to process 38 Gb [1 lane] of trimmed Illumina HiSeq2500 data) and is freely available at
https://github.com/dib-lab/SSUsearch
under a BSD license.