bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retención escolar y educación de calidad: logros y desafíos pendientes en una escuela secundaria argentina
Authors: Rosli Natalia , Carlino Paula , Roni Carolina 
Published: October 2015

El acceso a la educación secundaria se ha universalizado en Argentina y en otros países latinoamericanos. La inclusión educativa exige no solo promover la asistencia a clases sino también ofrecer una educación de calidad. Este artículo describe de qué modos una escuela secundaria argentina que recibe población de bajos recursos socioeconómicos enfrenta ambos desafíos. Por un lado, examina cómo se propició la permanencia escolar y, por otro lado, analiza las intervenciones didácticas que realizaron tres profesores de las ciencias sociales para favorecer la apropiación de contenidos disciplinares mediante el uso de la lectura y la escritura en sus materias. Por medio de observaciones de 39 clases, entrevistas a director, docentes y alumnos, y relevamiento documental, identificamos, por una parte, estrategias institucionales y vinculares acordadas e implementadas, que los actores reconocieron como alentadoras de la asistencia a clase: el equipo docente asumió un compromiso con un proyecto pedagógico inclusivo, se sintió parte de un trabajo colectivo, construyó un vínculo afectivo con los alumnos y manifestó confianza en su aprendizaje. Por otra parte, hallamos que la lectura y la escritura pasaron desapercibidas como potenciales herramientas de enseñanza y aprendizaje de contenidos disciplinares dado que los profesores apuntaron a dejar claros los conceptos pero no a ayudar a desarrollar estas prácticas situadamente. Estos resultados muestran que la institución logró con claros esfuerzos la retención, promoción y egreso de los estudiantes; empero el ofrecimiento de oportunidades de mejores aprendizajes mediante la comprensión y producción de textos disciplinares, resta como cuestión que ameritaría ser discutida y trabajada por el equipo docente. El valor de este estudio de caso reside en mostrar la necesidad de profundizar la inclusión educativa a través de reformular las propuestas de enseñanza de contenidos disciplinares mediados por la lectura y la escritura, para volverlas más formativas y habilitantes.
Cooperative learning and embodied accountability: an ethnographic analysis of classroom participation in an English school
Authors: Luna Figueroa Laura 
Published: October 2015

Based on a school ethnography carried out in an English primary school in the last years of New Labour Government, this paper examines the processes and dynamics involved in the introduction of a cooperative learning method as part of the Success for All Literacy Program, which was being implemented in the school for the first time. It discusses the difficulties and resistances showed by children’s interactions and teachers’ declarations during the development of the program as the sign of competing agendas within the school and within the educational policy as well. They also manifest the deep penetration of a model of participation and learning that suits the neoliberal educational policy embraced by the British governments since the Education Reform Act in 1988 up to the present time. The establishment of a culture of performativity and accountability is revealed in children’s behavior during cooperative tasks as they tend to work in a competition rather than in a cooperation scheme and perceive their peers more as threats to their individual performance than as a support in their learning process. On the other side, teachers struggle to rely on a method more process-oriented than product-oriented as they feel that, with no individual and written tasks, they are not able to give account of children’s progress and therefore, of their work as teachers. The paper shows that a conception of learning (as private achievement), of person (as individual) and of classroom participation (as competition) are at play within the accountability educational system.
Los hacedores de la EIB: un acercamiento a las políticas lingüístico-educativas relativas a la educación indígena desde las aulas bilingües del Chaco.
Authors: Unamuno Virginia 
Published: October 2015

Sobre la base de un estudio etnográfico multisituado en la Provincia de Chaco, este artículo examina la forma en que desde diferentes discursos, posiciones y prácticas se construyen los sentidos de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) y se hace política en relación con las lenguas. Según argumentaré, la vaguedad en el tratamiento normativo de la EIB deja en manos de las escuelas la definición cotidiana de aspectos cruciales de la misma: sus objetivos, sus destinatarios y los roles docentes. Sin embargo, las decisiones de los directivos y las prácticas de los docentes bilingüe no siempre significan la EIB en un mismo sentido. Entre la normativa, las decisiones de los directivos, las prácticas y los posicionamientos docentes, se define un terreno complejo en el cual la EIB se erige como un objeto político en disputa, en el cual parece estar en juego no sólo significar el “bilingüismo” y la “interculturalidad”, sino también la EIB en tanto que “educación para indígenas”, “educación con indígenas” o bien como “educación indígena”. En este terreno, la lucha de los docentes indígenas de la provincia del Chaco por una gestión comunitaria e indígena de las escuelas se presenta como una posibilidad de concretar colectiva y autónomamente un modelo educativo intercultural y bilingüe que las políticas lingüísticas gubernamentales no parecen poder efectivizar.
Complex Neurological Phenotype in Mutant Mice LackingTsc2in Excitatory Neurons of the Developing Forebrain
Authors: Crowell Beth , Hwa Lee Gum , Nikolaeva Ina , Dal Pozzo Valentina , D’Arcangelo Gabriella 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMutations in theTSC1andTSC2genes cause tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a genetic disease often associated with epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autism, and characterized by the presence of anatomical malformations in the brain as well as tumors in other organs. The TSC1 and TSC2 proteins form a complex that inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. Previous animal studies demonstrated that Tsc1 or Tsc2 loss of function in the developing brain affects the intrinsic development of neural progenitor cells, neurons, or glia. However, the interplay between different cellular elements during brain development was not previously investigated. In this study, we generated a novel mutant mouse line (NEX-Tsc2) in which theTsc2gene is deleted specifically in postmitotic excitatory neurons of the developing forebrain. Homozygous mutant mice failed to thrive and died prematurely, whereas heterozygous mice appeared normal. Mutant mice exhibited distinct neuroanatomical abnormalities, including malpositioning of selected neuronal populations, neuronal hypertrophy, and cortical astrogliosis. Intrinsic neuronal defects correlated with increased mTORC1 signaling, whereas astrogliosis did not result from altered intrinsic signaling, since these cells were not directly affected by the gene knockout strategy. All neuronal and non-neuronal abnormalities were suppressed by continuous postnatal treatment with the mTORC1 inhibitor RAD001. The data suggest that the loss of Tsc2 and mTORC1 signaling activation in excitatory neurons not only disrupts their intrinsic development, but also disrupts the development of cortical astrocytes, likely through the mTORC1-dependent expression of abnormal signaling proteins. This work thus provides new insights into cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous functions of Tsc2 in brain development.
Cognitive Deficits, Changes in Synaptic Function, and Brain Pathology in a Mouse Model of Normal Aging
Authors: Weber Martin , Wu Tiffany , Hanson Jesse E. , Alam Nazia M. , Solanoy Hilda , Ngu Hai , Lauffer Benjamin E. , Lin Han H. , Dominguez Sara L. , Reeder Jens , Tom Jennifer , Steiner Pascal , Foreman Oded , Prusky Glen T. , Scearce-Levie Kimberly 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAge is the main risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease. Yet, cognitive decline in aged rodents has been less well studied, possibly due to concomitant changes in sensory or locomotor function that can complicate cognitive tests. We tested mice that were 3, 11, and 23 months old in cognitive, sensory, and motor measures, and postmortem measures of gliosis and neural activity (c-Fos). Hippocampal synaptic function was also examined. While age-related impairments were detectable in tests of spatial memory, greater age-dependent effects were observed in tests of associative learning [active avoidance (AA)]. Gross visual function was largely normal, but startle responses to acoustic stimuli decreased with increased age, possibly due to hearing impairments. Therefore, a novel AA variant in which light alone served as the conditioning stimuli was used. Age-related deficits were again observed. Mild changes in vision, as measured by optokinetic responses, were detected in 19- versus 4-month-old mice, but these were not correlated to AA performance. Thus, deficits in hearing or vision are unlikely to account for the observed deficits in cognitive measures. Increased gliosis was observed in the hippocampal formation at older ages. Age-related changes in neural function and plasticity were observed with decreased c-Fos in the dentate gyrus, and decreased synaptic strength and paired-pulse facilitation in CA1 slices. This work, which carefully outlines age-dependent impairments in cognitive and synaptic function, c-Fos activity, and gliosis during normal aging in the mouse, suggests robust translational measures that will facilitate further study of the biology of aging.
Using subscales when scoring the Cushing's quality of life questionnaire
Authors: Tiemensma Jitske , Depaoli Sarah , Felt John M 
Published: October 2015

ContextPatients in long-term remission of Cushing's syndrome (CS) commonly report impaired quality of life (QoL). The CushingQoL questionnaire is a disease-specific QoL questionnaire for patients diagnosed with CS. The developers of the CushingQoL recommend using a global (total) score to assess QoL. However, the global score does not capture all aspects of QoL as outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO).ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to compare the performance of different scoring options to determine the optimal method for the CushingQoL.Design and patientsPatients in remission from CS (n=341) were recruited from the Cushing's Syndrome Research Foundation's email listserv and Facebook page, and asked to complete the CushingQoL and a short demographics survey.ResultsUsing an exploratory analysis, adequate model fit was obtained for the global score, as well as a 2-subscale (psychosocial issues and physical problems) scoring solution. Confirmatory methods were performed to identify the optimal scoring solution. Both the global score and the 2-subscale scoring solution showed adequate model fit. However, a χ2 difference test indicated that the 2-subscale scoring solution was a significantly better fit than the global score (P<0.05).ConclusionIf doctors or researchers would like to tease apart physical and psychosocial issues, the 2-subscale scoring solution would be recommended, since this solution showed to be optimal in scoring the CushingQoL. Regardless of the scoring solution used, the CushingQoL has proven to be a valuable resource for assessing health-related QoL in patients with CS.
Book Review: "Biometric and Intelligent Decision Making Support"
Authors: Filip Florin Gheorghe 
Published: October 2015

<div style="left: 195.617px; top: 82.6559px; font-size: 11.1815px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.06048);" data-canvas-width="71.05248489556642">Book Review:</div><p>"Biometric and Intelligent Decision Making Support"</p><p> </p>
Two-port vs. conventional (three-port) laparoscopic appendicectomy: a new technique in laparoscopic appendicectomy
Authors: Mhatre Hemant P. , Kanake Vijay B. , Nandu Vipul V. 
Published: October 2015

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>Three-port laparoscopic appendicectomy has proven its worth in the management of appendicitis. From a cosmesis, the umbilical and suprapubic portsites are hidden by natural camouflages, the Right Iliac Fossa (RIF) port is the only visible external sign of surgery. The two-port technique avoids even this marker of abdominal invasion. </p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>58 patients were studied for this study. Data was collected prospectively. The two port appendicectomy was performed with 10 mm umbilical working port and 5 mm supra-pubic camera port. A stitch was taken transparietaly in RIF which was under camera guidance passed through the tip of appendix and held with suture to retract the appendix. The base was ligated with an intra-corporeal knot and appendix cut and delivered out. Three port appendicectomy was performed via the 10 mm umbilical, 5 mm supra-pubic and 5mm right iliac fossa ports. The appendicular stump was ligated with an endoloop or an intra-corporeal knot, appendix cut and delivered out</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> 58 patients underwent surgery over the one year period for appendicitis. Out of 26 cases attempted, the two port appendicectomy was successful in 21 cases, with conversion to the three-port technique in 4 and conversion to open in 1 case. The complication rates, return to work were comparable between the two groups. Duration of operation was more whereas length of hospital stay was less in two port appendicectomy group as compared to conventional laparoscopic group.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>Patients who underwent two port appendicectomy had a cosmetically better appearing scar than compared to three port appendicectomy cases.</p>
Clinical profile in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Pulamte Rothangpui , Thiyam Geeta , Joute Zothansung 
Published: October 2015

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The metabolic syndrome is a condition characterized by a constellation of metabolic disorders including: abdominal obesity, insulin resistance/glucose intolerance, atherogenic dyslipidemia [elevated Triglyceride (TG), and lower High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-c)], raised blood pressure, proinflammatory and prothrombotic state. It was referred to as the “X syndrome” by Kylin in the 1920’s and described as a phenomenon of the clustering of obesity, hypertension, and gout.<sup>1</sup> Aims and objects:<strong> </strong>To correlate different clinical and biochemical parameters in metabolic syndrome among the staff of Hospital in Imphal. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 239 staffs were selected randomly from the Hospital, Imphal, Manipur. Sample size was calculated based on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome of 33.2%<sup>4</sup> with 95% precision, coming to a sample size of 237.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Metabolic syndrome was found in 49 out of 239 staffs and its prevalence was 21% which increased with age. There was a strong association between metabolic syndrome and obesity. There is lower prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome among the staff compared to other studies. This may have resulted from a number of factors including younger age, physical activities and ethnic origin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Measuring MetS components is necessary for the early detection of this abnormal condition and early intervention.</p><p> </p>
Evaluation of the microbiological quality of cattle carcasses in some slaughterhouses at Benin, West Africa
Authors: Ahouandjnou H. , Baba-Moussa F. , Bonou J. , Dougnon V. , Adéoti Z. , Yedji R. , Toukourou F. , Baba-Moussa L. 
Published: October 2015

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong><span lang="EN-GB">Slaughterhouse is one of the major critical points in meat hygiene with slaughtering being the stage of occurrence of most contamination risks.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong><span lang="EN-GB">This study aimed to assess the microbiological quality of cattle carcasses in the slaughterhouses of Cotonou/Porto-Novo. Samples were collected by excision from four parts on each carcass (neck, shoulder, flank and thigh). A total of eighty (80) samples from twenty (20) carcasses were analysed. Bacteriological analysis was achieved according to APC. ISO 4833: 2003; ISO 21528-2 and ISO 6579: 2002 norms, respectively for evaluate the aerobic plate count, enteric bacteria count, and qualitative detection of <em>Salmonella</em>. </span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong><span lang="EN-GB">Results varied according to carcass parts, with no significant difference between the bacterial loads of these parts regarding the APC. However, a significant difference was observed between the load in enteric bacteria between the neck and the thigh. With respect to EC regulations (N° 2073/2005), the thigh is the most contaminated part with 100% unsatisfactory results for APC, as well as, enteric bacteria count together with high contamination by <em>Salmonella</em> (detected in 75% of thigh samples). Then following the shoulder, showing 100% unsatisfactory results for APC and enteric bacterial load with presence of <em>Salmonella</em> in 55% of samples.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong><span lang="EN-GB">Although being the most contaminated </span>site<span lang="EN-GB">, the inner part of the thigh had the lowest contamination level with respect to APC.</span></p>
Causes of cancellation for elective orthopedic procedures on the day of surgery
Authors: Karnalkar Asmita , Karnalkar Pratap 
Published: October 2015

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> A retrospective observational study was conducted to find out the reasons for cancellation of elective orthopedic surgical inpatients on the day of surgery and to plan for future suggestive actions to decrease unnecessary cancellations.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> This was a retrospective observational study conducted at medical teaching hospital for 3 years from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. The data was collected from postponement register. The files of cases that were cancelled were reviewed for the reasons of cancellations. The reasons were classified as anaesthetist related, administrative issues, surgeon related and patient related issues.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>During the study period, 7673patients were posted for elective orthopedic procedures. 6.49 % patients were cancelled on the day of surgery. The frequency of cancellations was more in anesthetist related issues (38.9%). Cancellations due to administrative issues, patient related issues and surgeon related were 30%, 27.7% &amp; 3.4% respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>Although cancellations were only 6.49% of total elective operations, this can be reduced by implementing and following the recommendations that have been proposed. More thorough and detailed documentation is needed to achieve this.</p>
Otoacoustic emissions in detection of pre-clinical noise induced cochlear damage in military personnel
Authors: Bhatia Abhijeet 
Published: October 2015

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Objective of current study to analyse the utility of TEOAEs and DPOAEs to detect cochlear damage due to chronic exposure to firearm noise in Indian military personnel at a preclinical stage. Military personnel are exposed to firearm noise and need to be assessed for cochlear damage periodically.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> This cross sectional study was conducted from May 2004 to Apr 2005. Indian army soldiers and general civilian population were included in the study. The TEOAE and DPOAE parameters of two control groups (civilians, no noise exposure, no HL: control group 1; soldiers, noise exposed, hearing loss: Control group 2) were compared with the study group (soldiers, noise exposure, no hearing loss: Study group).</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>TEOAE amplitudes of the study group varied significantly from those of both the control groups at almost all frequencies. Overall amplitude too followed a similar trend. However, although the DPOAE amplitude of the study group was less than that of control group 1, the difference was not significant. The DPOAE amplitude of study group varied significantly from control group 2.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>TEOAEs proved to be useful to distinguish between green ears and ears chronically exposed to impulse noise with and without hearing loss. But DPOAEs proved to be useful in distinguishing only between normal hearing from hearing loss ears.</p>
Study of factors associated with waiting time for patients undergoing emergency surgery in a tertiary care centre in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Subhash Prasad , Dharel Dinesh , Upadhyaya Smrity , Khanal Nabin , Dahal Sandesh , Dahal Sumit , Aryal Karmapath 
Published: October 2015

Background: Emergency surgeries throughout the world are demanding earlier surgical times. In a developing country like Nepal this cannot be possible because of lot of factors. So we planned to study such factors that could interplay and increase the waiting time for emergency surgeries. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over 45 days and all patients diagnosed with general surgical and orthopedic emergencies were followed till they were operated. Results: Out of 1211 patients presenting to emergency department, 92 required emergency surgery. The mean age was 29.72 year and 76.1% of the patients were male. The mean time from presentation to the emergency department to the first surgical consultation was 170 minutes, from surgical consultation to decision of surgery was 28 minutes, from decision of surgery to transfer to operating room was 426 minutes, from arrival in operating room to anesthesia consultation was 18 minutes, and from anesthesia consultation to start of surgical incision was 75 minutes. The total average waiting time from arrival at emergency department to the start of surgery was 717 minutes. The factors were, viz., pre-occupancy of theatre (59.8%), special procedures/intervention required prior to surgery (23.9%), arrangement of logistics/finances by patient family (13%), arrangement of blood products (10.9%), consultations (9.8%), delay in giving consent by patients/family (5.4%), delay in arrangement of supplies (9.8%), and shift change of nursing staff (3.3%). Conclusion: This study shows that various preventable factors increases waiting times for emergency surgeries that should be minimized so that waiting times can be reduced.Journal of Society of Anesthesiologists 2014 1(1): 7-12