bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Market Intermediaries’ Willingness to Pay for Apple, Peach, Cherry, and Strawberry Quality Attributes
Authors: Gallardo R. Karina , Li Huixin , McCracken Vicki , Yue Chengyan , Luby James , McFerson James R. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThis study uses discrete choice experiments to determine the valuation that individual market intermediaries (e.g., packers, shippers, marketers, and processors) place on targeted fruit quality traits in apple, peach, cherry, and strawberry for both the fresh and processing market. In general, market intermediaries assigned the greatest value to fruit quality traits that would enhance their profitability through increased consumer appeal, increased marketing time windows, or more efficient processing. These results should inform decisions among fruit marketing intermediary enterprises and contribute knowledge to breeding programs to ensure breeding efforts are focused and relevant to the industry and consumers’ needs and desires.
Spatial Product Market Integration between Two Small, Open Neighbouring Economies
Authors: Bakucs Zoltán , Bojnec Štefan , Fertő Imre 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper contributes with an in‐depth investigation of spatial wheat producer market integration between two neighboring countries, net exporting Hungary and net importing Slovenia. One of the key features of this spatial producer price transmission is the very important role Hungary plays in supplying wheat to Slovenia. Using monthly data from January 2000 to April 2011, spatial price transmission is analyzed from a number of perspectives, using a wealth of econometric techniques in order to shed light upon the degree of integration, adjustment asymmetries and the role of market share upon price transmission. Empirical results rejected the validity of the Law of One Price, identified Hungary as the price‐leading market, confirmed competitive symmetric price adjustment, and emphasized the role of Hungarian market share in total Slovenian imports with respect to wheat price transmission elasticity. The results imply that wheat producer prices in both of the analyzed countries tend to be internationally determined. Hungarian exports are unable to price discriminate in wheat trade between the two neighboring markets.
Intra‐tooth stable isotope analysis of dentine: A step toward addressing selective mortality in the reconstruction of life history in the archaeological record
Authors: Sandberg Paul A. , Sponheimer Matt , Lee‐Thorp Julia , Van Gerven Dennis 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIntra‐tooth stable isotope analysis of dentine provides a more sensitive means to examine infant and childhood life history in the past than conventional cross‐sectional analyses that rely on age‐at‐death. In addition, reconstructions of early diet and life history using an intra‐tooth approach circumvent potential problems associated with mortality bias, which may operate strongly during infancy and childhood. We present new intra‐tooth stable carbon and nitrogen isotope profiles in dentine collagen of early forming permanent teeth in a sample of adults from the Medieval Nubian site of Kulubnarti. We interpret the profiles in terms of weaning behavior and dietary history, and we compare profiles generated from first molars and canines to explore the degree to which these tooth types correspond. We then compare the profiles to the occurrence of linear enamel hypoplasia to assess the relationship between the timing of the weaning process and stress events. Finally, we compare the longitudinal profiles to cross‐sectional stable isotope data obtained from rib collagen to investigate how life histories might differ between those that survived into adulthood and those that did not. Results suggest that canine and first molar profiles are in broad agreement, that hypoplastic stress events occurred during rather than before or after the weaning process in our sample, and that survivors appear to have weaned earlier than the average non‐survivor. We suggest that this approach may be useful for addressing the effects of selective mortality on reconstructions of early life history and the relationship between early life history and morbidity. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:281–293, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A particular solution of Heun equation for Hulthen and Woods‐Saxon potentials
Authors: Karayer Hale , Demirhan Doǧan , Büyükkılıç Fevzi 
Published: August 2014

In this article a particular solution of Heun equation is derived by making use of the Nikiforov‐Uvarov (NU) method which provides exact solutions for general hypergeometric equation and eigenvalues together with eigenfunctions of the Heun equation for this particular solution are obtained. One to one correspondence (isomorphism) of the aforesaid equation with the radial Schrödinger equation is emphasized and also physical counterparts of the parameters in this equation are put forward by introducing solutions for two different potential functions (Hulthen and Woods‐Saxon potentials).
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Die Bildung von Nanopartikeln und Nanostrukturen – CaCO3, Zement und Polymere aus Sicht der Industrie
Authors: Rieger Jens , Kellermeier Matthias , Nicoleau Luc 
Published: August 2014

AbstractNanotechnologie ermöglicht die Herstellung von Materialien mit hervorragenden Leistungscharakteristika. Ein Schlüsselelement der Nanotechnologie ist die Fähigkeit, Materie auf der Nanoskala zu manipulieren und zu steuern, um einen gewünschten Mix aus spezifischen Eigenschaften zu erhalten. Hier stellen wir jüngste Erkenntnisse zu den Bildungsmechanismen von anorganischen Nanopartikeln im Rahmen von Fällungsreaktionen vor. Am Beispiel von Calciumcarbonat beschreiben wir die verschiedenen Zwischenstufen, die auf dem Weg von den gelösten Ionen bis zu stabilen Makrokristallen auftreten können – einschließlich gelöster Ionencluster, flüssiger Phasen, amorpher Zustände und Nanopartikeln. Die Rolle von Polymeren bei der Nukleation, Templatierung, Stabilisierung und/oder Verhinderung dieser Strukturen wird skizziert. Als Beispiel für angewandte Nanotechnologie diskutieren wir die Eigenschaften von Zement, die durch die Bildung und das Ineinandergreifen von Calcium‐Silikat‐Hydrat‐Nanoplättchen festgelegt werden. Die Aggregation dieser Plättchen hin zu mesoskaligen Gebilden kann mithilfe von Polymeren gesteuert werden.
A Phosphorescent Molecular “Butterfly” that undergoes a Photoinduced Structural Change allowing Temperature Sensing and White Emission
Authors: Han Mingu , Tian Yu , Yuan Zhao , Zhu Lei , Ma Biwu 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA butterfly‐like phosphorescent platinum(II) binuclear complex can undergo a molecular structure change in which the Pt–Pt distance shortens upon photoexcitation, which leads to the formation of two distinct excited states and dual emission in the steady state, that is, greenish‐blue emission from the high‐energy excited state at the long Pt–Pt distance and red emission from the low‐energy excited state at the short Pt–Pt distance. This photoinduced molecular structure change has a strong dependence on the molecule’s surrounding environment, allowing its application as self‐referenced luminescent sensor for solid–liquid phase change, viscosity, and temperature, with greenish‐blue emission in solid matrix and rising red emission in molten liquid phase. With proper control of the surrounding media to manipulate the structural change and photophysical properties, a broad white emission can be achieved from this molecular butterfly.
Core/Shell Au/MnO Nanoparticles Prepared Through Controlled Oxidation of AuMn as an Electrocatalyst for Sensitive H2O2 Detection
Authors: Zhu Huiyuan , Sigdel Aruna , Zhang Sen , Su Dong , Xi Zheng , Li Qing , Sun Shouheng 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMonodisperse 5 nm AuMn nanoparticles were synthesized by hydride reduction of manganese acetylacetonate in the presence of Au nanoparticles. The alloy was formed through fast Mn diffusion into the Au structure. The AuMn nanoparticles were converted to Au‐MnO composite particles through air annealing at 170 °C. These Au‐MnO particles, especially the core/shell Au/MnO nanoparticles, were active for the electrochemical reduction of H2O2, with a detection limit reaching 8 nM. This highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on the Au/MnO nanoparticles was used to monitor H2O2 concentrations released from living cells, from which tumorigenic cells were discovered to release higher levels of H2O2 than the non‐tumorigenic cells.
Regioselective Radical Aminofluorination of Styrenes
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Song Yongcheng , Zhao Jinbo , Zhang Jingping , Zhang Qian 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed radical aminofluorination of styrenes with N‐fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) is realized with high regioselectivity, thus affording aminofluorination products with regioselectivities opposite that of the palladium‐catalyzed and noncatalyzed processes. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested the reaction went through a radical pathway and was supported by DFT calculations. In these reactions, NFSI is utilized as both a radical nitrogen source and radical fluorine source, thus rendering it an attractive reagent.
An Amphoteric Switch to Aromatic and Antiaromatic States of a Neutral Air‐Stable 25π Radical
Authors: Gopalakrishna Tullimilli Y. , Reddy J. Sreedhar , Anand Venkataramanarao G. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractEver since the discovery of the trityl radical, isolation of a stable and neutral organic radical has been a synthetic challenge. A (4n+1)π open‐shell configuration is one such possible neutral radical but an unusual state between aromatic (4n+2)π and antiaromatic (4n)π electronic circuits. The synthesis and characterization of an air‐ and water‐stable neutral 25π pentathiophene macrocyclic radical is now described. It undergoes reversible one‐electron oxidation to a 24π antiaromatic cation and reduction to a 26π aromatic anion, thus confirming its amphoteric behavior. Structural determination by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies revealed a planar configuration for the neutral radical, antiaromatic cation, and aromatic anion. In the solution state, the cation shows the highest upfield chemical shift ever observed for a 4nπ system, while the anion adhered to aromatic nature. Computational studies revealed the delocalized nature of the unpaired electron as confirmed by EPR spectroscopy.
Influence of amorphous alkaline lignin on the crystallization behavior and thermal properties of bacterial polyester
Authors: Shichao Wang , Hengxue Xiang , Renlin Wang , Zhe Zhou , Meifang Zhu 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTBacterial polyester poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and alkaline lignin composites were prepared via melt processing method, and the influence of amorphous lignin on the crystallization behavior and thermal properties of PHBV were investigated. It was found that dual melting peaks appeared in DSC curves of PHBV/lignin composites, while only one single peak existed in PHBV. The non‐isothermal crystallization process analyzed by Jeziorny method suggested that lignin changed the nucleation mode of composites and hindered the crystallization rate of PHBV. Data calculated from the results of WAXD demonstrated that lignin did not change the basic crystal structure of PHBV, but decreased the average size of the lamellar stacks. POM results confirmed that the effect of lignin on the crystallization behavior of PHBV carried out in two opposite way, namely the enhanced effect of nucleation and the hindered effect of growth. Besides, the thermal stability of composites was also decreased significantly. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41325.
Incidence and risk factors for suicide and attempted suicide following a diagnosis of hematological malignancy
Authors: Hultcrantz Malin , Svensson Tobias , Derolf Åsa R. , Kristinsson Sigurdur Y. , Lindqvist Ebba K. , Ekbom Anders , Granath Fredrik , Björkholm Magnus 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSolid tumors are associated with an increased risk of suicide, however, there is limited detailed information on the risk of suicide in patients with hematological malignancies. Therefore, we conducted a population‐based study including 47,220 patients with hematological malignancies (diagnosed 1992–2006) and their 235,868 matched controls to define the incidence and risk factors for suicide and suicide attempt. Information on suicides, suicide attempts, and preexisting psychiatric disorders was obtained from Swedish registers and individual medical records. There was a twofold increased (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.5–2.3, P < 0.0001) risk of suicide/suicide attempt during the first 3 years after diagnosis in patients with hematological malignancies compared to matched controls. Of all hematological malignancies, multiple myeloma was associated with the highest risk (HR = 3.4; 2.3–5.0, P < 0.0001). Patients with a preexisting psychiatric disorder were at a very high risk of suicide and suicide attempt (HR = 23.3; 16.6–32.6, P < 0.0001), regardless of type of hematological malignancy. Among patients who committed suicide, 19% were in a palliative phase and 44% were in remission with no active treatment. In conclusion, the risk of suicide and suicide attempt is elevated in patients with hematological malignancies. Certain high‐risk patients may benefit from early detection and preventive measures.
Chemically Synthesized 58‐mer LysM Domain Binds Lipochitin Oligosaccharide
Authors: Sørensen Kasper K. , Simonsen Jens B. , Maolanon Nicolai N. , Stougaard Jens , Jensen Knud J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractRecognition of carbohydrates by proteins is a ubiquitous biochemical process. In legume–rhizobium symbiosis, lipochitin oligosaccharides, also referred to as nodulation (nod) factors, function as primary rhizobial signal molecules to trigger root nodule development. Perception of these signal molecules is receptor mediated, and nod factor receptor 5 (NFR5) from the model legume Lotus japonicus is predicted to contain three LysM domain binding sites. Here we studied the interactions between nod factor and each of the three NFR5 LysM domains, which were chemically synthesized. LysM domain variants (up to 58 amino acids) designed to optimize solubility were chemically assembled by solid‐phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) with microwave heating. Their interaction with nod factors and chitin oligosaccharides was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. LysM2 showed a change in folding upon nod factor binding, thus providing direct evidence that the LysM domain of NFR5 recognizes lipochitin oligosaccharides. These results clearly show that the L. japonicus LysM2 domain binds to the nod factor from Mesorhizobium loti, thereby causing a conformational change in the LysM2 domain. The preferential affinity for nod factors over chitin oligosaccharides was demonstrated by a newly developed glycan microarray. Besides the biological implications, our approach shows that carbohydrate binding to a small protein domain can be detected by CD spectroscopy.
Optical coherence tomography‐based predictors for creatine kinase‐myocardial band elevation after elective percutaneous coronary intervention for in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Lee Seung‐Yul , Hong Myeong‐Ki , Shin Dong‐Ho , Kim Jung‐Sun , Kim Byeong‐Keuk , Ko Young‐Guk , Choi Donghoon , Jang Yangsoo 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesWe evaluated whether morphological characteristics of neointimal tissue of in‐stent restenosis (ISR) lesions assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) affect periprocedural elevation of creatine kinase‐myocardial band (CK‐MB).BackgroundThe impact of neointimal characteristics of ISR lesions on periprocedural myocardial injury has not been sufficiently investigated.MethodsA total of 125 patients with ISR lesions underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and pre‐PCI OCT examination. Measurements of CK‐MB were performed upon hospitalization, before PCI, and every 8 hr for 24 hr after PCI. CK‐MB elevation was defined as levels above the 99th percentile of the upper reference limit. Neoatherosclerosis was defined as neointima with lipid or calcification.ResultsPost‐PCI CK‐MB elevation was observed in 20 (16.0%) patients. The maximum length of consecutive cross‐sections with neoatherosclerosis on the longitudinal axis of the stent was significantly larger in patients with post‐PCI CK‐MB elevation than in those without [8.8 mm (1.5–10.4) vs. 0.0 mm (0.0–1.0), P < 0.001], and thin‐cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) were more frequently observed at the site of minimal lumen cross‐sectional area in patients with post‐PCI CK‐MB elevation (55.0% vs. 1.9%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the maximum length of segments with neoatherosclerosis [odds ratio (OR), 1.463; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.090–1.962; P = 0.011] and TCFA (OR, 14.328; 95% CI, 1.118–183.628; P = 0.041) were independent predictors for post‐PCI CK‐MB elevation.ConclusionsA greater axial length of neoatherosclerosis and the presence of TCFA at the most stenotic site were significantly associated with post‐PCI CK‐MB elevation in ISR lesions. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New insights on acute expansion and longitudinal elongation of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds in vivo and at bench test: A note of caution on reliance to compliance charts and nominal length
Authors: Attizzani Guilherme F. , Ohno Yohei , Capodanno Davide , Francaviglia Bruno , Grasso Carmelo , Sgroi Carmelo , Wang Wei , Fujino Yusuke , Ganocy Stephen J. , Longo Giovanni , Tamburino Claudia I. , Di Salvo Marilena , La Manna Alessio , Capranzano Piera , Tamburino Corrado 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesWe performed systematic optical coherence tomography (OCT) analyses after bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) implantation in a “real world” setting aiming at evaluating scaffold expansion and longitudinal integrity.Backgrounda comprehensive elucidation of BVS acute performance in the “real‐world” setting is lacking.Methodsacute BVS expansion compared with compliance chart information and longitudinal integrity were assessed in 29 patients (32 lesions) by OCT. In addition, bench experiments with four scaffolds were performed with different combinations of deployment pressures and tube stiffness.Resultsscaffold underexpansion, using compliance chart information as reference, was observed in 97% of OCT cross‐sections in vivo; however, only 8.3% of the cross‐section analyzed revealed BVS area <5 mm2. Calcified plaques were more common in the lowest (9.7%) compared with the mid (8.8%) and highest (6.3%) tertiles of scaffold expansion (P = 0.003 and P = 0.001 for lowest vs. mid, and lowest vs. highest, respectively). Seventeen (54.8%) scaffolds were elongated during implantation, but no signs of scaffold fracture were revealed. Elongation and impaired expansion were reproduced in the bench testing when the scaffold was deployed with high pressure in a hard tube.Conclusionscompliance chart information should not be used to predict final BVS dimensions in the clinical setting. While BVS expansion could be potentially impaired by calcified plaques, they may elongate during deployment. Bench experiments confirmed the elongation phenomenon when BVS were deployed with high pressure in hard tubes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel design biodegradable stent for use in congenital heart disease: Mid‐term results in rabbit descending aorta
Authors: Veeram Reddy Surendranath R. , Welch Tré R. , Wang Jian , Richardson James A. , Forbess Joseph M. , Riegel Matthew , Nugent Alan W. 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesThis study evaluates the feasibility of delivery and deployment of low and medium molecular weight (LMW and MMW, respectively) double‐opposing helical (DH) poly‐l‐lactic acid biodegradable stent (BDS) in rabbit descending aorta (DAO). Secondary objectives were to assess patency and inflammation of stented vessels at 9 months and to investigate safety following intentional embolization of stent fragments in DAO.BackgroundA BDS that will relieve aortic obstruction and disappears as the child grows older allowing for preservation of aortic wall elasticity and natural growth of aorta will be ideal to treat Coarctation (CoA). BDS have never been evaluated in the DAO.MethodsSeven New Zealand white rabbits underwent implantation of DH‐LMW (n = 7), DH‐MMW (n = 3), and metal stents (n = 7) in DAO. BDS fragments were intentionally embolized into DAO in two rabbits.ResultsAll stents were deployed via a 6‐French sheath. Five BDS covered the origin of major DAO side branches. Angiography and intravascular ultrasound showed good stent apposition to the wall of DAO with minimal luminal loss at 9 months follow‐up. All stents had minimal neointimal hyperplasia on histopathology. Adverse events included 1 death, 1 aortic aneurysm, and lower extremity ulceration due to self‐mutilation in an embolization rabbit.ConclusionsPilot study confirms the feasibility of delivery and deployment of up to 6‐millimeter diameter DH BDS in rabbit DAO. Stent integrity with DH design was maintained at 9 months with minimal vessel inflammation. Potential morbidity due to embolized BD fragments cannot be ruled out and needs further evaluation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adsorption Equilibrium and Kinetics of the Parex' Feed and Desorbent Streams from Batch Experiments
Authors: Silva Marta S. P. , Mota José P. B. , Rodrigues Alírio E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe adsorption of the main components of the Parex process, i.e., p‐xylene, m‐xylene, o‐xylene, ethylbenzene, p‐diethylbenzene, and toluene, was studied in a batch adsorber operating under the conditions of an industrial unit (177 °C, 9 bar). Prior to each experiment, the faujasitic‐type adsorbent was pretreated under helium flow to control the hydration level of the adsorbent. The experimental uptake curves were used to determine adsorption equilibrium data, which were fitted with Langmuir‐type isotherms. A mathematical model in which the macropore diffusion is the rate‐controlling mechanism, satisfactorily describes the experimental uptake curves.
Designing Absorption Processes with Aqueous Diglycolamine
Authors: Dixit Onkar , Mollekopf Norbert 
Published: August 2014

Abstract2‐(2‐Aminoexthoxy)ethanol or diglycolamine (DGA) is a CO2 absorption solvent that is suitable to treat natural gas, flue gas, and biogas or landfill gas. Equilibrium CO2 solubility in concentrated aqueous DGA solvents with varying molality was measured under absorption and desorption conditions at different temperatures. Viscosity and surface tension of the solvent before absorption, after absorption, and after desorption were determined. With increasing DGA molality, CO2 loading remained constant until the number of moles of DGA exceeded the number of moles of water. For a given DGA molality, with higher CO2 loading, viscosity increased exponentially and surface tension rose with a power of two.
Steam and Dry Reforming Processes Coupled with Partial Oxidation of Methane for CO2 Emission Reduction
Authors: Zhang Yishan , Zhang Shujing , Lou Helen H. , Gossage John L. , Benson Tracy J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCO2 is thought to contribute to global climate change. A novel integrated process of steam methane reforming (SMR) and dry methane reforming (DMR) coupled to partial oxidation of methane (POX) has been developed that utilizes the compensating heat effects of DMR and POX and recycles a large amount of CO2 to the DMR+POX section. Both SMR and the integrated process were simulated using Aspen Plus and were optimized to operate under their respective optimum operating conditions. Modified mitigation cost (MMC) was implemented as the evaluation method. The results demonstrate that the combined process is more efficient than the SMR process due to its reutilization of CO2 and lower requirement of raw materials.