bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Various Features of the X-class White-light Flares in Super Active Region NOAA 13664
Authors: Li Ying , Liu Xiaofeng , Jing Zhichen , Chen Wei , Li Qiao , Su Yang , Song De-Chao , Ding M. D. , Feng Li , Li Hui , Gan Weiqun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Super active region NOAA 13664 produced 12 X-class flares (including the largest one so far, an occulted X8.7 flare, in solar cycle 25) during 2024 May 8–15, and 11 of them are identified as white-light flares. Here we present various features of these X-class white-light flares observed by the White-light Solar Telescope (WST) on board the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. It is found that both the white-light emissions at WST 3600 Å (Balmer continuum) and HMI 6173 Å (Paschen continuum) show up in different regions of the sunspot group in these flares, including outside the sunspots and within the penumbra and umbra of the sunspots. They exhibit a point-, ribbon-, loop-, or ejecta-like shape, which can come from flare ribbons (or footpoints), flare loops, and plasma ejecta depending on the perspective view. The white-light duration and relative enhancement are measured and both parameters for 3600 Å emission have greater values than those for 6173 Å emission. It is also found that these white-light emissions are cospatial well with the hard X-ray (HXR) sources in the on-disk flares but have some offsets with the HXR emissions in the off-limb flares. In addition, it is interesting that the 3600 and 6173 Å emissions show different correlations with the peak HXR fluxes, with the former one more sensitive to the HXR emission. All these greatly help us understand the white-light flares of a large magnitude from a super active region on the Sun and also provide important insights into superflares on Sun-like stars.
External Validation of a Predictive Score for Fracture-Related Infections in Orthopedic Trauma Surgery
Authors: Campbell Tanner , Kirwan Mateo , Behzadpour Vafa , Langvardt Tanner , Dallman Johnathan , Huang Yanjie , Castillo Renan C. , O'Hara Nathan N. , O'Toole Robert V. , Wise Brent 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The purpose of this study was to externally validate a predictive score for fracture-related infections, establishing generalizability for absolute and relative risk of infection in the setting of orthopedic fracture surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective, case-control study performed at a level I academic trauma center that included 147 patients with fracture-related infection in the study group and 300 control patients. We analyzed the same 8 independent predictors of fracture-related infection cited by a previous study. We then used the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) to compare the derivation and validation cohorts. The validation and derivation cohorts were then compared by grouping patients into 4 strata of Wise score groups. This allowed for comparison of AUC and risk of fracture-related infection in our institution with those in the previously studied institution.

Results:
The resulting data yielded an AUC (0.74) nearly identical to that of the previously studied institution. It was also found that the relative risk of infection correlated with the Wise score in the same way the initial model did with the absolute risks being similar.

Conclusion:

The previous predictive model was externally validated and shown to be generalizable to a different patient population. The relative risk of a fracture-related infection can be determined using this scoring model preoperatively with the goal of aiding in patient counseling and surgical decision-making, giving a quantitative value to patient risk factors. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(5):e268–e272.]
Movement and Growth of Translocated Coastrange Sculpin and Prickly Sculpin in Two Urban Lake Washington Tributaries, Washington
Authors: Tabor Roger A. , Johnson Jeffery R. , Peters Roger J. , Olden Julian D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Urbanization and other forms of land conversion have led to dramatic changes in freshwater ecosystems. We assessed the movement and growth of Coastrange Sculpin Cottus aleuticus and Prickly Sculpin C. asper, two species that are considered migratory based on their potamodromous and amphidromous life history strategies. We determined critical aspects of their ecology in two urban streams where they are rare or absent. Both species were collected near the stream mouth or in Lake Washington, implanted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags, and translocated to an upper stream reach where their downstream movements and growth were monitored. Detections at stationary antennas indicated most downstream movements occurred from January to April, as has been observed in other Pacific Northwest systems. About 80% of the translocated sculpins remained in the study reach for at least 2 months before moving downstream and 10% remained more than a year. Smaller Prickly Sculpin generally remained in the study reach longer than larger Prickly Sculpin; however, no size effect was observed for Coastrange Sculpin. Most downstream movements occurred during low and moderate streamflow levels during each season for both streams; however, downstream movements occurred at relatively higher flows compared to the cumulative distribution of observed flows during most seasons. Both species appeared to grow well in the study streams; although, Prickly Sculpin growth rates were approximately double that of Coastrange Sculpin. Coastrange Sculpin often inhabit riffles where increased fine sediments and embeddedness from urbanization may impact them more than Prickly Sculpin, which typically inhabit pools. The overall survival and growth of both species in the two highly urbanized streams was better than expected. This study suggests that the lack of sculpins in some urban streams may be a result of stream barriers to movement rather than poor habitat conditions.
Relação da ansiedade e da autoestima com o transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação
Authors: Borsatto Roberta Crepaldi , Alves Catarina Messias , Catabriga Lorena Mota , Souza Vânia de Fátima Matias de , Lopes Vieira José Luiz , Ferreira Luciana 
Published: August 2024

Baixos níveis de competência em habilidades motoras apresentam como consequência o surgimento do Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação (TDC) e, as dificuldades motoras tendem a interferir negativamente em aspectos socioemocionais podendo resultar em ansiedade e baixa autoestima. O presente estudo analisou a relação entre competência motora, ansiedade e autoestima. Participaram do estudo 138 estudantes, com faixa etária de 10 a 15 anos, que responderam a três questionários, o Adolescent Motor Competence Questionnaire (AMCQ), a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg e a versão em português do Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE). Além dos estudantes, participaram do estudo 127 pais que responderam ao questionário de Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação - Brasil (DCDQ). Para análise foi utilizada a estatística descritiva, na comparação entre grupos utilizou-se o Teste t de Student e para a correlação, utilizou-se o teste Correlação de Pearson e o Qui-quadrado, respectivamente. Os resultados indicaram que quanto maior a competência motora percebida, menor os níveis de ansiedade e maiores os níveis de autoestima. Dessa forma, conclui-se que escolares com suspeita de TDC por apresentarem baixa competência motora percebida, os níveis de ansiedade são maiores e o níveis de autoestima menores, comparados com os escolares sem suspeita de TDC.
‘Bring the whole tithe into the storehouse’: The tithe and sustainable development in Ghanaian Pentecostalism
Authors: Kenin Emmanuel A. 
Published: August 2024

Background: This article explores the Church of Pentecost’s (CoP) theology of tithes and its intersection with sustainable development in Ghana. This research is grounded on the theory that the CoP through the Pentecost Social Services (PENTSOS) as well as other Church-initiated interventions, is pursuing sustainable development in Ghana through her theology of tithes.Objectives: The objective of this research is to demonstrate that the CoP’s theology of tithes is a relevant African Pentecostal theology for the study of the relationship between Pentecostalism and sustainable development.Method: The study adopts a phenomenological approach in exploring the CoP’s theology of tithes and its relationship with sustainable development.Results: The key findings of this study indicate that there is a nexus between an African Pentecostal theology of tithes adopted by the CoP and sustainable development, and that the CoP is promoting the attainment of 14 out of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Ghana.Conclusion: The CoP, an indigenous African Pentecostal Church, has been able to demonstrate that there is a relationship between her theology of tithes and the attainment of the United Nation’s SDGs.Contribution: This research proves that the CoP has been able to successfully develop an indigenous African Pentecostal theology of tithe and free-will offering from the Akan traditional worldview of the ntotosoƆ dudu [which literally means, the added tenth part] and Ɔpεmu afƆrεe [to wit, offering out of one’s volition] respectively.
Role of Intraoperative Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain in Hemodynamic and Cognitive Outcomes in On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Lineburger Eric B. , Arya Rajesh C. , Junior Celso G. , Lima Fernanda S. , Búrigo Eduardo M. , Fermo Gabriel Simoni R. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The role of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and outcomes such as low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is not well established. The authors investigated the relationship between LVGLS before and after induction of anesthesia, their differences, and their relationship with LCOS and other outcomes.

Methodology:
A prospective observational study was conducted in a public/private hospital with 50 adult patients scheduled for on-pump CABG with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Acoustic windows necessary to obtain the 2D-LVGLS were acquired with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) before induction of anesthesia (LVGLSBI) and after with mechanical ventilation (LVGLSAI) using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). LCOS was defined as the use of epinephrine, dobutamine, and/or milrinone at minimum IV doses of 1 μg/min-1, 2.5 μg/kg-1/min-1, and 0.375 μg/kg-1/min-1, respectively, for a minimum of 24 h after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Results:
A dedicated workstation (EchoPAC Software v203, GE) was used for offline calculation of LVGLS. LVGLSBI did not have a significant correlation with LCOS (mean difference, 1.66; 95% CI, −–3.63 to 3.05; P = 0.862), nevertheless, it was an independent risk factor of in-hospital mortality (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57–0.95; P = 0.02), 3-month mortality (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.64–0.99; P = 0.05), and delirium (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43–0.97; P = 0.03) in the multivariate analysis. LVGLSAI was also an independent risk factor for 3-month mortality (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.62–0.99; P = 0.04).

Conclusions:
In CABG surgeries, LVGLS was a predictor of adverse outcomes in both awake and anesthetized patients with normal LVEF.
Prevalence of Obesity among Primary School Children in Baghdad/AL-Rusafa 2022
Authors: Subhi Safa Khalid , Alkhazrajy Lujain 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Obesity is a complex, chronic condition that is characterized by multiple causes and adverse health consequences. The early detection of obesity in children can help us control it and thus improve growth and development.

Objectives:
To find out the prevalence of obesity among primary school children. To find out if there is any association between childhood obesity and certain variables (age, socioeconomic state [SES], type of school, and education of the father).

Subjects and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Iraq/Baghdad/Al-Russafa sector from March 1, 2022, to January 1, 2023. The study was conducted in the First Educational Directorate of Alrussafa. A convenient sample of six primary schools in Baghdad/Alrussafa including three private schools and three public schools. From these schools, a convenient sample of 650 students was enrolled in the current study.

Results:
A total of 650 participants were enrolled; 249 (38.3%) had normal weight, 241 (37.1%) of the participants were obese, 113 (17.4%) of them had overweight, and 47 (7.2%) had underweight. In addition, a significant association was obtained between the body mass index and gender (P = 0.001), and a higher proportion of participants was among males. There was a significant association between body mass index (BMI) and the type of school. The higher proportion of obese participants was among those who were in private schools (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
A significant association was obtained between the BMI and gender and type of school. There was no significant association between the BMI and age, family size, or SES. The students who were male and were teaching in private schools were more prone to be obese.
Prevalence of Current Areca Nut Use and Its Associated Factors among Bhutanese Aged 15–69 Years: Analysis of the Nationally Representative STEPS Survey 2019
Authors: Penjor Tashi , Gurung Mongal Singh , Robson Mark G. , Siriwong Wattasit 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Areca nut (AN) use receives less global attention than tobacco use. Studies have linked AN consumption to a range of adverse health effects, including oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, periodontal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, and addiction. The masticatory use of AN is rampant in Bhutan. There is a paucity of local evidence and limited empirical studies to understand the factors associated with current AN use in Bhutan.

Methods:
This analysis uses secondary data from the Bhutan STEPS Survey 2019 that included 5575 participants aged 15–69 years, selected using multistage stratified cluster sampling. The outcome variable of interest was current AN use. Weighted analysis was done to calculate the prevalence of AN use. Factors associated with AN use were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models.

Results:
The prevalence of current AN use was 56.82% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 54.27–59.33). A significantly higher prevalence of 63.58% (95% CI: 60.58–66.48) was found in the age group of 25–39 years. Tobacco users were 17% more likely to use AN as compared to those who do not consume tobacco (adjusted odds ratio: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08–1.26). Current alcohol consumers were 45% more likely to consume AN as compared to lifetime alcohol abstainers.

Conclusions:
Age, alcohol use, and tobacco use were associated with current AN use in Bhutan. There is a need to regulate access to AN while targeting young and middle-aged individuals with public health and behavioral interventions.
Causal association between 731 immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Li Ying , Quan Xin , Tai Yang , Wu Yu-Tong , Wei Bo , Wu Hao 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Liver cirrhosis is a progressive hepatic disease whose immunological basis has attracted increasing attention. However, it remains unclear whether a concrete causal association exists between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis.
AIM
To explore the concrete causal relationships between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis through a mendelian randomization (MR) study.
METHODS
Data on 731 immunocyte phenotypes were obtained from genome-wide association studies. Liver cirrhosis data were derived from the Finn Gen dataset, which included 214403 individuals of European ancestry. We used inverse variable weighting as the primary analysis method to assess the causal relationship. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.
RESULTS
The MR analysis demonstrated that 11 immune cell phenotypes have a positive association with liver cirrhosis [P < 0.05, odds ratio (OR) > 1] and that 9 immunocyte phenotypes were negatively correlated with liver cirrhosis (P < 0.05, OR < 1). Liver cirrhosis was positively linked to 9 immune cell phenotypes (P < 0.05, OR > 1) and negatively linked to 10 immune cell phenotypes (P < 0.05; OR < 1). None of these associations showed heterogeneity or horizontally pleiotropy (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
This bidirectional two-sample MR study demonstrated a concrete causal association between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis. These findings offer new directions for the treatment of liver cirrhosis.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatitis-C Virus Positive Patients
Authors: Marvi Soomro  , Moomal Bhutto  , Prem Kumar  , Nadeem Bajkani  , Zaheer Hussain Memon  , Rehmatullah Bhatti  
Published: August 2024

Objective: To assess the frequency of Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis-C virus positive patients.
Methodology: This study descriptive Cross-Sectional Study was conducted at Gastroenterology department, Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad, Pakistan, during Six months after the approval of synopsis from February 22, 2020 to August 21, 2020. Patients aged 25 to 60 years old, diagnosed as the cases of cirrhosis for more than five years, caused by hepatitis C of either gender, were included. Patients were evaluated clinically, biochemically, and serologically at baseline. CT scan of liver was done to assess hepatocellular carcinoma. A specially designed Proforma was utilized to gather the information, which was then input and analyzed employing SPSS version 23.
Results: The participant's mean age is 42.3 years, with a standard deviation of 7.5 years, and an average body mass index (BMI) reached 16.9+3.6kg/m2. Additionally, the mean duration of cirrhosis is reported as 12.5 years. Majority of the patients were males 74.6%. Among all study participants with liver cirrhosis for over 5 years, 8.30% of patients had developed hepatocellular carcinoma. The HCC occurrence rate was statistically significant, with 1.9% of individuals aged 25-40 years and 6.4% of those over 40 years having hepatocellular carcinoma (p=0.008). However, gender, BMI categories, diabetes mellitus and hypertension did not show a significant association (p->0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, hepatocellular carcinoma appeared relatively prevalent among patients having cirrhosis with hepatitis-C virus. Advanced age emerged as a significantly predominant factor contributing to hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: Rusli Yohanes Mardinata 
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of good corporate governance with and without being moderated by Audit Quality on Anti-Corruption Disclosure. This research is expected to be a breakthrough and new benefits for the community to find out what factors from corporate governance proxies affect Anti-Corruption Practices Disclosure. The research subjects used in this study are publicly listed companies in Southeast Asian countries, including: Indonesia and Malaysia. While the objects in this study are the Annual Report and Financial Statements for the period 2018-2020 which are published on the Stock Exchanges website of the landmark Asian country. The results of this study state that: (i) In Indonesia: Independent Commissioners and Transparency BOC have a significant effect on Anti Corruption Disclosure in Indonesia, but for the Audit Committee it does not have a significant effect on Anti Corruption Disclosure. In addition, the role of Audit Quality as a moderating variable strengthens the relationship between the Independent Commissioners and the Transparency of the BOC on Anti Corruption Disclosure in Indonesia, but Audit Quality does not play a moderating role between the Audit Committee on Anti Corruption Disclosure in Indonesia. (ii) While in Malaysia, the results of this research state that the Independent Commissioners and the Audit Committee have a significant effect on Anti Corruption Disclosure, but for Transparency BOC does not have a significant effect on Anti Corruption Disclosure. In addition, the role of Audit Quality as a moderating variable strengthens the relationship between the Independent Commissioners and the Audit Committee on Anti Corruption Disclosure in Indonesia, but Audit Quality does not play a moderating role between BOC Transparency and Anti Corruption Disclosure. These two countries represent a country that is part of the Southeast Asian region. The limitation of the study is that the research period was conducted only from 2018-2020 and the population is publicly listed companies in Indonesia and Malaysia. Suggestions for further research to add several independent variables related to the anti-corruption disclosure variable and the countries studied in this study should be added, not only Indonesia and Malaysia.
Keywords: Independent Commissioners, Audit Committee, Transparency of BOC, Audit Quality, Anti Corruption Disclosure
TINJAUAN HUKUM TERHADAP PIDANA PEMILU SERENTAK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wicaksono Trimuda Ancas , Zamroni M. , Kunaifi Aang 
Published: August 2024

Pemilihan Umum (Pemilu) di negara kita dikenal dalam 2 (dua) bentuk yaitu untuk nomenklatur Pemilihan Umum itu sendiri dalam rangka memilih Presiden atau Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden atau disingkat Pilpres, Pemilihan Legislatif tingkat pusat yang terdiri dari DPR dan DPD serta Pemilhan Legislatif tingkat daerah yang terdiri dari DPRD Tk. 1 (tingkat Provinsi) dan DPRD Tk, II (tingkat Kaupaten/Kota) dan bentuk yang kedua yakni dengan nomenklatur Pemilihan saja yakni melakukan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah (Pemilukada) di masing-masing daerah. Baik Pemilu maupun Pilkada yang akan dilaksanakan pada tahun 2024 nanti, dilaksanakan secara serentak dalam waktu satu tahun pada tahun 2024. Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum (PKPU) Nomor 5 Tahun 2022 tentang Tahapan dan Jadwal Penyelenggaraan Pemilu Tahun 2024 Pemilihan Umum menyatakan bahwa pemilihan akan dilaksanakan masing-masing pada 29 November 2024 dan 14 Februari 2024. Masalah pertama yang akan menjadi fokus adalah pengaturan tindak pidana pemilu dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2023 tentang Pemilihan Umum. Undang-undang ini mengatur jenis-jenis tindak pidana pemilu yang lazim terjadi, serta tata cara pertanggungjawaban pidana dan penjatuhan sanksi bagi pelakunya. juga yang kedua, khusus komponen penanganan pelanggaran pidana ras politik yang dilakukan oleh Bawaslu, untuk situasi ini, khususnya Bawaslu Provinsi Jawa Timur, yang sebenarnya diarahkan oleh Peraturan Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum (Perbawaslu) nomor 7 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlakuan Terhadap Pelanggaran Pemilihan Umum. Di Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang 7 Tahun 2023 tentang Pemilihan Umum sendiri diatur bahwa mekanisme penegakan pidana Pemilu itu dilaksanakan oleh Sentra Gakkumdu. Bagaimana tahapan dan alur mekanisme penangan pelanggaran oleh Sentra Gakkumdu secara tersendiri diatur oleh Peraturan Bawaslu nomor 5 tahun 2020 tentang senta Penegakan Hukum Terpadu (Sentra Gakkumdu).