bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro observation of histone-hexamer association with and dissociation from the amino-terminal region of budding yeast Mcm2, a subunit of the replicative helicase
Authors: Hizume Kohji 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
During DNA replication, core histones that form nucleosomes on template strands are evicted and associate with newly synthesized strands to reform nucleosomes. Mcm2, a subunit of the Mcm2-7 complex, which is a core component of the replicative helicase, interacts with histones in the amino-terminal region (Mcm2N) and is involved in the parental histone recycling to lagging strands. Herein, the interaction of Mcm2N with histones was biochemically analyzed to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying histone recycling by Mcm2N. With the addition of Mcm2N, a histone hexamer, comprising an H3-H4 tetramer and an H2A-H2B dimer, was excised from the histone octamer to form a complex with Mcm2N. The histone hexamer, but not H3-H4 tetramer was released from Mcm2N in the presence of Nap1, a histone chaperone. FACT, another histone chaperone, stabilized Mcm2N-histone hexamer complex to protect from Nap1-dependent dissociation. This study indicates cooperative histone transfer via Mcm2N and histone chaperones.
Lifetime incidence and healthcare disparities in alopecia areata: a UK population-based cohort study
Authors: Thompson Andrew R , Tziotzios Christos , Nesnas John , Randall Rowena , Czachorowski Maciej , Messenger Andrew G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Alopecia areata (AA) is an immune-mediated form of hair loss that can occur at any age, often with a significant mental health burden.

Objectives
We aimed to provide estimates of the lifetime incidence of AA, and the impacts on mental health, healthcare utilization and work-related outcomes, assessing variation across major sociodemographic subgroups.

Methods
AA cases were identified in primary care from the UK population-based Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre database (2009–2018). Lifetime incidence of AA was estimated at age 80 years using modified time-to-event models with age as the timescale, overall and stratified by sex, ethnicity, deprivation and geography. Mental health, healthcare utilization and work-related outcomes were assessed in the 2 years after AA diagnosis compared with matched unaffected controls, and stratified by the same sociodemographic subgroups.

Results
During the study period, 6961 people developed AA. Overall lifetime incidence of AA was 2.11% [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.06–2.16]. Females had a higher lifetime incidence (2.35%, 95% CI 2.28–2.43) than males (1.88%, 95% CI 1.81–1.94). Lifetime incidence was higher in those of Asian ethnicity (5.87%, 95% CI 5.51–6.24), Other (4.5%, 95% CI 3.63–5.31), Mixed (4.4%, 95% CI 3.50–5.37) and Black (3.0%, 95% CI 2.63–3.42) ethnicity, compared with White ethnicity (1.7%, 95% CI 1.68–1.80). Lifetime incidence was highest in those with the greatest deprivation: most-deprived quintile (2.92%, 95% CI 2.77–3.07) compared with least-deprived (1.68%, 95% CI 1.59–1.78). Across sociodemographic subgroups, people with AA of Black ethnicity were most likely to have anxiety (adjusted odds ratio vs. matched controls 2.92, 95% CI 1.71–4.91), and had the greatest risk of time off work (adjusted hazard ratio vs. matched controls 2.54, 95% CI 1.80–3.56).

Conclusions
AA affects around 1 in 50 people over their lifetime. The incidence and impact of AA on mental health and work outcomes is highest in ethnic groups other than White. Clinicians should be aware of the marked heterogeneity in the incidence and impact of AA, and support targeted healthcare to groups at the highest risk of alopecia and its consequences.
71794 - Breast reduction surgery in breast cancer patients - a retrospective cohort study regarding surgical, cosmetic and patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Noorzaei Maria , Heiman Jenny 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Breast reduction surgery (BRS) is an oncoplastic method used for breast conserving surgery for breast cancer. The choice and timing of contralateral surgery is based on patient preference, risk factors and complications in relation to expected adjuvant treatment.

Method
Female patients who underwent BRS (unilateral or bilateral) for breast cancer between 2018-2022 were analyzed retrospectively regarding complications, reoperations and cosmetic outcome (Bcct.core Global assessment). Patient-reported outcome (BREAST-Q reduction module) was collected prospectively. Three groups; unilateral BRS (1), immediate bilateral breast surgery, at least one side BRS (2) and a later contralateral BRS (3) were compared using a nonparametric test with 0.05 significance level.

Result
Among eligible patients, 39 consented to inclusion (group 1 n=12, group 2 n=12, group 3 n=15). The mean age was 55 years, 97,5% were ASA class 1 or 2 and mean BMI was 26.8.There were two reoperations, one due to bleeding (group 3) and one for wound dehiscence (group 1). There were no statistical differences regarding complications, CCI was 5, 6.1 and 7.6 for group 1-3 respectively. The Bcct.core global assessment score was median “fair” (group 1) and “good” (group 2 and 3), with a significant difference between group 2 and 1. Satisfaction with breast (BREAST-Q) showed a median of 59 (all), with no group difference.

Discussion
No difference in complications or BREAST-Q score was seen between the groups. A significantly better aesthetic outcome was seen for immediate bilateral breast reduction surgery. This knowledge can add to the shared decision-making regarding oncoplastic breast reduction surgery for breast cancer patients.
72278 - Defining excellence: the first core set of quality indicators for Hirschsprung’s disease care
Authors: Rossi Daniel , Granström Anna Löf , Teunissen Nadine , Vilanova Alejandra , Lambe Cecile , Leon Francesco Fascetti , de Blaauw Ivo , Bjornland Kristin , Tabbers Merit , Ellebaek Mark , Pakarinen Mikko , Schwarzer Nicole , Rolle Udo , Glaudemans Dirk-Jan , Prato Alessio Pini , Wester Tomas , Wijnen Rene , Sloots Cornelius 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
This study aimed to establish a core set of quality indicators to benchmark Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) care across hospitals within a European clinical audit framework (EPSA; European Pediatric Surgical Audit), focusing on short- and long-term outcomes, and care quality improvement.

Method
An online Delphi method gathered inputs from health care professionals (HCPs) belonging to both ERNICA-recognized and non-recognized expert centers, and from patient representatives (PRs) in the field of HSCR. They evaluated baseline characteristics and potential outcome-, structure- and process indicators for HSCR care, identified through a systematic literature and guideline review, on a nine-point Likert-scale over three Delphi questionnaire rounds. The items selection criteria were predefined, with participants selecting the five to ten most essential indicators for the core set in the second and third rounds.

Result
An international panel of 8 PRs and 96 multidisciplinary HCPs from 59 hospitals in 17 countries completed all three Delphi rounds (response rate 73%), eventually including 11 baseline characteristics and 36 indicators. Six indicators were universally prioritized. Each group (HCPs and PRs) proposed four exclusive indicators. A mutual agreement was subsequently reached, with HCPs endorsing the indicators proposed by PRs and vice versa.

Discussion
This study established a core indicator set of 11 baseline characteristics, 5 outcome indicators, 2 structure indicators, and 7 process indicators for evaluating (quality of) HSCR care. These indicators, to be implemented in the EPSA, aim to highlight practice variations and guide HSCR care quality improvement, laying the groundwork for new guideline development after three years of data collection
71490 - Risk of complications following intraoperative rendezvous ERCP as compared to conventional ERCP
Authors: Anrep-Nordin Marcus , Högberg Dominika , Biörserud Christina , Katsarelias Dimitrios 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Gallstone diseases, affecting up to 20% of European population, frequently results in hospitalization due to conditions such as cholecystitis, cholangitis, and pancreatitis. Treatment involves laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and/or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Failure to cannulate the papilla Vateri during ERCP or inadvertent pancreatic duct cannulation could lead to post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), occurring in 3-15%. An alternative method is intraoperative ERCP with rendezvous cannulation, using a guidewire inserted through the cystic duct, which could facilitate the access. Present study aims to investigate the post-operative complications of intraoperative ERCP with rendezvous cannulation compared to ERCP without rendezvous technique.

Method
Patients that underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and ERCP due to gallstone diseases between 2013-01-01 and 2022-12-31 were analyzed. Data was collected retrospectively from medical records covering variables such as demographic data, indication, cannulation technique, duration of surgery, and complications. Complications were defined as PEP, cholangitis, bleeding, and perforation.

Result
359 patients were identified with 386 ERCPs performed. There were 240 with rendezvous technique and 146 without. 58 patients with pancreatitis as indication of ERCP were excluded from the “PEP”-group, leaving 203 with rendezvous and 124 without. 23 with cholangitis in the “cholangitis”-group were excluded, leaving 226 with and 138 without.
Of a total of 58 complications there were 39.7% PEP (n=23), 8.6% cholangitis (n=5), 41.4% bleeding (n=24) and 10.3% perforations (n=6).

Discussion
Using rendezvous technique during ERCP reduces the risk of PEP from 13.3% to 2.97%, as compared to conventional cannulation during ERCP (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.07-0.5, P &lt;0.001).
72249 - AIR score and CT scan utilization in all patients operated for acute appendicitis 2023 in a University Hospital
Authors: Jönsson Josefin , Rosemar Anders 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Acute appendicitis(AA) is a common surgical emergency.
The diagnosis is confirmed by the pathologists in the PathologicalAnatomicDiagnoses (PAD).
To get an indication for surgical treatment a combination of clinical assessment, laboratory tests and CT scan are used.
Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) score can stratify the probability of AA as an alternative to or combined wirh imaging.
The aim was to examine the use of AIR score and CT scan respectively.

Method
Retrospective observational study of all adult patients operated for AA in the Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden during January-December 2023.
AIR score and CT scan results were registered respectively and compaired with the results of PAD and peroperative diagnosis.

Result
Two-hundred-forty-nine patients (mean age 40 years) operated with laparoscopic/open surgery (91/9 %) for AA were included.
PAD was analyzed in 98% and positive in 96% of these (AA, phleghmonous or gangenous +/- perforation) based on neutrophils in the appendiceal wall.
CT scan was performed in 90% of all and in 98% of these AA were verified.
AIR score stratification was documented in 60% of the 249.
Peroperative diagnoses were precisely documented in the majority.

Discussion
The utilization of CT scan in almost everyone were unexpected.
Few operations, even in the high probability of complicatedAA group, were done without CT scan.
AIR score was documented/performed in only slightly more than half of the patients.
The explorative laparoscopy was rarely used as an alternative to imaging.
The most common explanations from our coworkers are the insufficient hospital beds and an unexperienced staff?
72118 - Surgical Unit Volume and Reoperation for Recurrence Following Total Extra-Peritoneal Groin Hernia Repairs: Nationwide Population-based Register Study
Authors: Widman Filippa , Bergström Mathias , Widhe Björn , Bringman Sven , Melkemichel Maria 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The quality of total extra-peritoneal groin hernia repair (TEP-GHR) and recurrence rates are influenced by various factors, potentially including the annual volume of repairs conducted by surgical units. The precise nature of this relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the surgical unit volume influence on reoperation rates for recurrence following TEP-GHR.

Method
This observational nationwide population-based study utilized prospectively collected data from the Swedish Hernia Register. Patient ≥15 years old who underwent a TEP-GHR between 2015 and 2019 were eligible. Follow-up time was minimum 3 years after surgery. Surgical units were grouped into; low-volume (&lt;12 repairs/year), low-medium volume (12-50 repairs/year), medium-high volume (&gt;50-150 repairs/year) and high-volume (&gt;150 repairs/year) units. Primary outcome was reoperation for recurrence. Secondary outcome was postoperative complications within 30 days.

Result
20,656 elective TEP-GHR’s were included across 75 surgical units. The reoperation rate for recurrence was higher in all three lower-volume groups; low-volume (5.3%), low-medium (3.8%) and medium-high (3.5%) compared to the high-volume group (2.9%). Adjusted multivariate cox regression analysis revealed a statistically significant increased hazard ratio for reoperation for recurrence in the low-volume group: 1.87 (95% CI 1.31-2.67) and in the low-medium volume group; 1.32 (95% CI 1.07-1.62) compared to the high-volume group. No difference was seen between the groups regarding the risk of postoperative complications.

Discussion
The risk of reoperation for recurrence following TEP-GHR was significantly increased in surgical units with less than 50 repairs performed per year. These findings may influence guidelines on required annual surgical unit volume to improve patient outcomes following TEP-GHR.
Ethical Accompaniment and End-of-Life Care
Authors: Snyder Joshua R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A theology of accompaniment offers insights on how to journey with and be present to those who suffer from terminal illness. In order to sustain acts of accompaniment, the companion must cultivate specific virtues through prayer and the practices of the Christian community. This ethic of accompaniment is based on a Thomistic conceptualization of the virtues of charity and fortitude. These virtues enable the companion to engage in four types of practices with and on behalf of the dying patient. Ethical accompaniment offers the following contributions to end-of-life care, the companion can function as a healthcare proxy, offers a viable alternative to physician-assisted suicide, and overcomes the loss of meaning associated with death through the Christian narrative.
Refugee sousveillance: observation and co-optation in The Displaced: Refugee Writers on Refugee Lives
Authors: Misra Smita 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Narratives are a matter of life and death for refugee subjects in the US. They are managed through a juridico-political process called Refugee Status Determination (RSD). Under the surveillant gaze of RSD, refugee subjects are forced to narrativize their lives using the language of persecution in exchange for state protection. This article contributes to critical refugee studies (CRS) scholarship which challenges the dehumanizing impacts of RSD’s surveillant gaze. Extending Vinh Nguyen’s concept of refugeetude, I develop a framework for refugee sousveillance. I define refugee sousveillance as the co-optation of refugee narratives such that they consciously defy the juridico-political surveillance of RSD towards a creative, open, coalitional future with other refugee subjects and marginalized groups. Refugee sousveillance applies bell hooks’ oppositional gaze (1992) and Browne’s (2015) dark sousveillance to refugeetude. Identifying a noteworthy collection of essays written by a coalition of elite refugee writers, I provide examples of refugee sousveillance as both process and product.
RuPaul’s Drag Race: Queer authenticity and strategic Westernness
Authors: Willard Zane Austin , Dubrofsky Rachel E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We analyze RuPaul’s Drag Race: UK vs The World (UKVTW), part of the larger RuPaul’s Drag Race franchise—one of the most popular current media representations of queerness. UKVTW features participants from different countries competing to be “Queen of the Mother-Tucking World.” We examine the intersection of queerness and whiteness, exploring the tension between national identity, racialization, and drag performance. Building on scholarship about reality TV and authenticity, we argue the series queers conventional notions of authenticity in reality TV by privileging fluid gender identities. Developing the notion of “strategic Westernness” we examine how the series presents a postracial imaginary that obfuscates race by foregrounding nationality: seemingly progressive representations of gender ultimately privilege white and Western participants.
Examining Clinical Features and Severe Neurologic Disease of Parechovirus Infection in Young Infants: A Multistate Cohort Study
Authors: Evans Amanda S , Singh Sumit , Joshi Charuta , Filkins Laura , Akkoyun Esra , Custodio Haidee , Daniels Elizabeth A , Kao Carol M , Richardson Katherine , Carrillo-Marquez Maria , Borré Carla I , Oliveira Carlos R , Espinosa Claudia , Mandelia Yamini , Mazade Marc , Kimberlin David W 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Human parechovirus (HPeV) infection can result in severe disease in infants, including sepsis, seizures, brain injury, and death. In 2022, a resurgence of HPeV was noted in young infants. The spectrum of illness and outcomes remain to be fully described.

Methods
A multistate retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate hospitalizations and outcomes of infants aged ≤6 months admitted in 2022 with laboratory-confirmed HPeV infection. Infants with severe disease were defined as having clinical seizures, or abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging or electroencephalogram during admission. Infants with severe versus nonsevere disease were compared using descriptive statistics.

Results
A total of 124 U.S. infants were identified with HPeV in 11 states. Cases of HPeV peaked in May and presented at a median of 25.8 days of life (0–194 d) with fever, fussiness, and poor feeding. Bacterial and other viral co-infections were rare. Thirty-three (27%) of infants had severe neurologic disease, were more likely to present at an earlier age (13.9 vs 30 days of life, P &lt; .01), have preterm gestation (12% vs 1%, P = .02), and present with respiratory symptoms (26% vs 8%, P = .01) or apnea (41% vs 1%, P &lt; .001). Subcortical white matter cytoxic cerebral edema was common in severe cases. Two infants with HPeV died during admission with severe neurologic HPeV disease; no infant with mild HPeV disease died.

Conclusions
This is the largest, geographically diverse U.S. study to describe the 2022 HPeV outbreak among infants. Longitudinal follow up of infants is needed to define predictors and outcomes of severe HPeV disease.
Adrenal and metabolic hormones demonstrate risk–reward trade-offs for African elephants foraging in human-dominated landscapes
Authors: Oduor Sandy , Gichuki Nathaniel N , Brown Janine L , Parker Jenna , Kimata Dennis , Murray Suzan , Goldenberg Shifra Z , Schutgens Maurice , Wittemyer George 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A key driver of the African savannah elephant population decline is the loss of habitat and associated human–elephant conflict. Elephant physiological responses to these pressures, however, are largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated faecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) concentrations as an indicator of adrenal activity and faecal thyroid metabolite (fT3) concentrations as an indicator of metabolic activity in relation to land use, livestock density, and human landscape modification, while controlling for the effects of seasonality and primary productivity (measured using the normalized difference vegetation index). Our best-fit model found that fGCM concentrations to be elevated during the dry season, in areas with higher human modification index values, and those with more agropastoral activities and livestock. There was also a negative relationship between primary productivity and fGCM concentrations. We found fT3 concentrations to be higher during the wet season, in agropastoral landscapes, in locations with higher human activity, and in areas with no livestock. This study highlights how elephants balance nutritional rewards and risks in foraging decisions when using human-dominated landscapes, results that can serve to better interpret elephant behaviour at the human–wildlife interface and contribute to more insightful conservation strategies.
Assessing the outcomes of posterior thoracic para-aortic lymph node dissection after induction chemotherapy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shigeno Takashi , Otomo Mayuko , Kajiyama Daisuke , Sato Kazuma , Fujiwara Naoto , Kinugasa Yusuke , Daiko Hiroyuki , Fujita Takeo 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Posterior thoracic para-aortic lymph node (TPAN) metastasis is a distant metastasis of esophageal cancer. Several case reports have shown that radical esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy for posterior TPAN improve the prognosis of patients with cStage IVB esophageal cancer and solitary posterior TPAN metastasis; however, the true value of this procedure is unclear. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of lymphadenectomy for posterior TPAN after induction chemotherapy in esophageal cancer. This study enrolled 15 patients who underwent radical esophagectomy for cStage IVB esophageal cancer with solitary posterior TPAN metastasis after induction chemotherapy between January 2013 and October 2022 at our hospital. The short- and long-term of radical esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy for posterior TPAN were retrospectively evaluated. All patients who underwent radical esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy for posterior TPAN achieved a pR0 in this study. The median operative time and intraoperative blood loss were 385 minutes and 164 ml, respectively. Four patients (26.7%) had postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade II or more. The median postoperative hospital stay was 15 days. The 5-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were 55.6% (95% confidence interval: 23.1–79.0) and 55.0% (95% confidence interval: 25.3–77.2), respectively. We showed that lymphadenectomy for posterior TPAN metastasis was associated with an improved prognosis of some patients with advanced esophageal cancer. This technique may serve as a viable treatment option for patients who respond well to induction chemotherapy.