bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemistry, histopathology and infrared spectral histopathology of colon cancer tissue sections
Authors: Kallenbach‐Thieltges Angela , Großerüschkamp Frederik , Mosig Axel , Diem Max , Tannapfel Andrea , Gerwert Klaus 
Published: December 2012

AbstractDuring the past years, many studies have shown that infrared spectral histopathology (SHP) can distinguish different tissue types and disease types independently of morphological criteria. In this manuscript, we report a comparison of immunohistochemical (IHC), histopathological and spectral histopathological results for colon cancer tissue sections. A supervised algorithm, based on the “random forest” methodology, was trained using classical histopathology, and used to automatically identify colon tissue types, and areas of colon adenocarcinoma. The SHP images subsequently were compared to IHC‐based images. This comparison revealed excellent agreement between the methods, and demonstrated that label‐free SHP detects compositional changes in tissue that are the basis of the sensitivity of IHC. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Creative Activity, Personality, Mental Illness, and Short‐Term Mating Success
Authors: Beaussart Melanie L. , Kaufman Scott Barry , Kaufman James C. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIt has been argued that creativity evolved, at least in part, through sexual selection to attract mates. Recent research lends support to this view and has also demonstrated a link between certain dimensions of schizotypy, creativity, and short‐term mating. The current study delves deeper into these relationships by focusing on engagement in creative activity and employing an expansive set of personality and mental health measures (Five Factor Model, schizotypy, anxiety, and depression). A general tendency to engage in everyday forms of creative activity was related to number of sexual partners within the past year in males only. Furthermore, schizotypy, anxiety, and Neuroticism were all indirectly related to short‐term mating success, again for males only. The study provides additional support for predictions made by sexual selection theory that men have a higher drive for creative display, and that creativity is linked with higher short‐term mating success. The study also provides support for the contention that certain forms of mental illness may still exist in the gene pool because particular personality traits associated with milder forms of mental illness (i.e., Neuroticism & schizotypy) are also associated directly with creativity and indirectly with short‐term mating success.
Factors Affecting Herbaceous Richness and Biomass Accumulation Patterns of Reclaimed Coal Mines
Authors: Pallavicini Y. , Alday J. G. , Martínez‐Ruiz C. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractOpen‐cast mining reclamation strategies are focused on the identification of the environmental factors at different scales that facilitate the vegetation establishment and development. Here, we characterised the environmental factors at macro‐scale and micro‐scale that influenced the herbaceous richness and biomass accumulation patterns trough a 32‐year chronosequence. Herbaceous richness and biomass were influenced at macro‐scale by successional and soil development gradients whereas at micro‐scale by shrub cover and coarseness gradients. Indeed, certain environmental factors at macro‐scale and micro‐scale contributed simultaneously to determine these gradients. Explicitly, the successional gradient was related to carbon and nitrogen ratio, grazing intensity and Shannon diversity. Across this successional gradient, total herb biomass and Fabaceae biomass were reduced as well as main taxonomical groups richness. Soil development gradient was related to total nitrogen, pH and erosion severity. This gradient only influenced species richness and produced a richness reduction when pH and erosion severity increased. At micro‐scale, the shrub cover gradient was related to organic matter thickness, producing a Poaceae biomass and bryophytes cover increase when shrub cover and organic matter increased. The coarseness gradient was related to the cover of rocks and bare soil, producing a reduction of herb biomass and richness when rocks and bare soil increased. These results emphasise the need to incorporate in the management plans the influence of soil development, successional, shrub cover and coarseness gradients over herbaceous richness and biomass to improve mine reclamation strategies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Research on the anti‐sticking characteristics of water hydraulic piston friction pairs with hydrostatic bearing
Authors: Huanlong Liu , Guozhi Wang , Jian Ke , Lanying Yu 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTCertain sticking phenomena generally exist in the common clearance sealing piston friction pairs. For oil media, it can be accepted because of its better lubrication, but for water media, it needs to be avoided as far as possible because of its worse lubrication. In this paper, the piston pairs with the hydrostatic bearing are presented to improve its anti‐sticking ability. The anti‐sticking performance is researched by computational fluid dynamics and experiment. The results indicate that the anti‐sticking ability can be improved for the new structure piston pairs. The key reason is that the hydrostatic bearing effect is reasonably applied. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Light‐Triggered Multifunctionality at Surfaces Mediated by Photolabile Protecting Groups
Authors: Cui Jiaxi , Miguel Verónica San , del Campo Aranzazu 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPhotoremovable protecting groups (PRPGs) are applied to organic surfaces, thin polymer films, and hydrogels to achieve light‐based remote control of their (bio)chemical and physical properties. These can be localized (i.e. patterned), tunable by exposure dose, and generated on‐demand. Using PRPGs with independent response to different wavelengths, multifunctional materials with a number of individually addressable functional states can be generated. Light‐triggered polymerization, crosslinking, and degradation processes as well as release of attached molecules can be realized. Light‐responsive surfaces and materials based on PRPGs open interesting possibilities for the next generation of instructive materials for cell culture and tissue regeneration.
Do pregnant women and their partners make an informed choice about first trimester risk assessment for Down syndrome, and are they satisfied with the choice?
Authors: Bangsgaard Louise , Tabor Ann 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveAll pregnant women in Denmark are offered risk assessment for Down syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate whether women and partners make an informed choice about first trimester risk assessment, and their satisfaction with the choice.MethodsA survey using multiple measure of informed choice at 12 weeks and decision regret scale at 30 weeks, among pregnant women and partners, planning to deliver at Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet.ResultsFive hundred thirty‐one women (99.6%) out of 534 women chose to have risk assessment. Most women and men had high degree of knowledge (82% and 81%) and positive attitudes regarding risk assessment (97% and 98%), leading to 79% and 80% making an informed choice. Education predicted knowledge for women (odds ratio 3.42; 95% confidence interval 1.63–7.18) and partners (odds ratio 2.97; 95% confidence interval 1.37–6.45), country of origin predicted knowledge, attitude and informed choice among women. Three hundred thirty‐two women (99%) and all partners were satisfied with having chosen risk assessment.ConclusionsAlthough 80% of pregnant women and partners make an informed choice about undergoing first trimester risk assessment for Down syndrome, as many as 20% do not. At 30 weeks nearly all women and partners were satisfied to have had a risk assessment performed. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Full‐wave optoelectrical modeling of optimized flattened light‐scattering substrate for high efficiency thin‐film silicon solar cells
Authors: Isabella Olindo , Sai Hitoshi , Kondo Michio , Zeman Miro 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe flattened light‐scattering substrate (FLiSS) is formed by a combination of two materials with a high refractive index mismatch, and it has a flat surface. A specific realization of this concept is a flattened two‐dimensional grating. When applied as a substrate for thin‐film silicon solar cells in the nip configuration, it is capable to reflect light with a high fraction of diffused component. Furthermore, the FLiSS is an ideal substrate for growing high‐quality microcrystalline silicon (µc‐Si:H), used as bottom cell absorber layer in most of multijunction solar cell architectures. FLiSS is a three‐dimensional structure; therefore, a full‐wave analysis of the electromagnetic field is necessary for its optimal implementation. Using finite element method, different shapes, materials, and geometrical parameters were investigated to obtain an optimized FLiSS. The application of the optimized FLiSS in µc‐Si:H single junction nip cell (1‐µm‐thick i‐layer) resulted in a 27.4‐mA/cm2 implied photocurrent density. The absorptance of µc‐Si:H absorber exceeded the theoretical Yablonovitch limit for wavelengths larger than 750 nm. Double and triple junction nip solar cells on optimal FLiSS and with thin absorber layers were simulated. Results were in line with state‐of‐the‐art optical performance typical of solar cells with rough interfaces. After the optical optimization, a study of electrical performance was carried out by simulating current–voltage characteristics of nip solar cells on optimized FLiSS. Potential conversion efficiencies of 11.6%, 14.2%, and 16.0% for single, double, and triple junction solar cells with flat interfaces, respectively, were achieved. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Halogen bonding (X‐bonding): A biological perspective
Authors: Scholfield Matthew R. , Zanden Crystal M. Vander , Carter Megan , Ho P. Shing 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe concept of the halogen bond (or X‐bond) has become recognized as contributing significantly to the specificity in recognition of a large class of halogenated compounds. The interaction is most easily understood as primarily an electrostatically driven molecular interaction, where an electropositive crown, or σ‐hole, serves as a Lewis acid to attract a variety of electron‐rich Lewis bases, in analogous fashion to a classic hydrogen bonding (H‐bond) interaction. We present here a broad overview of X‐bonds from the perspective of a biologist who may not be familiar with this recently rediscovered class of interactions and, consequently, may be interested in how they can be applied as a highly directional and specific component of the molecular toolbox. This overview includes a discussion for where X‐bonds are found in biomolecular structures, and how their structure–energy relationships are studied experimentally and modeled computationally. In total, our understanding of these basic concepts will allow X‐bonds to be incorporated into strategies for the rational design of new halogenated inhibitors against biomolecular targets or toward molecular engineering of new biological‐based materials.
Regional Economic Performance and Distance Between Parents and Their Employed Children – a Multilevel Analysis
Authors: van den Broek Thijs , Dykstra Pearl A. , Schenk Niels 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTDrawing on the work of Sassen, we assess the association between regional economic performance and the distance between parents and their employed children. Multilevel regression analyses of German Ageing Survey micro data enriched with INKAR (Indicators, Maps, and Graphics for Spatial and Urban Development) district level indicators (N = 5,577) indicate that economic performance of a parent's living district is negatively associated with parent‐employed child distance. The negative association between economic performance of a parent's living district and parent–child distance does not vary by the skill level of the child's job, contrary to expectations based on the polarisation and professionalisation theses. Possible implications of the findings for intergenerational solidarity, most notably the availability of informal care for dependent older parents, are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Path‐following control for small fixed‐wing unmanned aerial vehicles under wind disturbances
Authors: Liu Cunjia , McAree Owen , Chen Wen‐Hua 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYThis paper presents an alternative method of designing a guidance controller for a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) so as to perform path following under wind disturbances. The wind effects acting on UAVs need to be taken into account and eventually eliminated. To solve this problem, we adopted a disturbance observer‐based control approach. The wind information is first estimated by a nonlinear disturbance observer, then it is incorporated into the nominal path following controller to formulate a composite controller that is able to compensate wind influences. The globally asymptotic stability of the composite controller is illustrated through theoretical analysis, whereas its performance is evaluated by various simulations including the one with software‐in‐the‐loop. Initial flight tests using a small fixed‐wing UAV are carried out to demonstrate its actual performance. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A reversible watermark scheme for 2D vector map based on reversible contrast mapping
Authors: Fei Peng , Li Chen , Min Long 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTReversible watermark is suitable for the hosts with high precision requirement. However, the existed reversible watermark methods are mainly for raster images, and the reversible watermark schemes for vector graphics still have the defects such as low capacity and significant distortion. To counterstrike these situations, a reversible watermark scheme for two‐dimensional vector map based on reversible contrast mapping is proposed. First, the coordinates of the vertices are chosen according to the data precision requirements; then, the data of two‐dimensional vector maps are preprocessed to reduce distortion. After that, the encrypted watermark is embedded into the relative coordinates by using the reversible contrast mapping transform. Experimental results and analysis show that the proposed scheme can achieve higher payload, better reversibility, and invisibility than those of the existed schemes based on difference expansion, discrete cosine transform, and so on. It has great potential in the application of map data authentication and secure communication. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brief Report: Intravital Imaging of Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity in Mammary Tumors
Authors: Zomer Anoek , Ellenbroek Saskia Inge Johanna , Ritsma Laila , Beerling Evelyne , Vrisekoop Nienke , Van Rheenen Jacco 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
It is widely debated whether all tumor cells in mammary tumors have the same potential to propagate and maintain tumor growth or whether there is a hierarchical organization. Evidence for the latter theory is mainly based on the ability or failure of transplanted tumor cells to produce detectable tumors in mice with compromised immune systems; however, this assay has lately been disputed to accurately reflect cell behavior in unperturbed tumors. Lineage tracing experiments have recently shown the existence of a small population of cells, referred to as cancer stem cells (CSCs), that maintains and provides growth of squamous skin tumors and intestinal adenomas. However, the lineage tracing techniques used in these studies provide static images and lack the ability to study whether stem cell properties can be obtained or lost, a process referred to as stem cell plasticity. Here, by intravital lineage tracing, we report for the first time the existence of CSCs in unperturbed mammary tumors and demonstrate CSC plasticity. Our data indicate that existing CSCs disappear and new CSCs form during mammary tumor growth, illustrating the dynamic nature of these cells.
Transforming Growth Factor β1 Signal is Crucial for Dedifferentiation of Cancer Cells to Cancer Stem Cells in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhang Haixia , Wu Haotong , Zheng Junheng , Yu Pei , Xu Lixiao , Jiang Pan , Gao Jin , Wang Hua , Zhang Yan 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Human osteosarcoma harbors a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that is believed to be associated with tumor metastasis, radioresistance/chemoresistance, local invasion, and poor clinical outcome. In this study, we found that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) signaling and a hypoxic environment dramatically induced self-renewal capacity in non-stem osteosarcoma cells, which in turn promoted chemoresistance, tumorigenicity, neovasculogenesis, and metastatic potential. Furthermore, blocking the TGF-β1 signaling pathway resulted in the inhibition of the dedifferentiation and clonogenicity of osteosarcoma cells, and the reduction of CSC self-renewal capacity and hypoxia-mediated dedifferentiation. These findings demonstrate that stem cells and non-stem cells exist in a dynamic equilibrium within the osteosarcoma cell population, and that CSCs may develop de novo from differentiated cancer cells. Hierarchical models of mammalian CSCs, therefore, should be considered to serve as bidirectional interconversion between the stem and non-stem cell components of the tumor.
Proangiogenic and Prosurvival Functions of Glucose in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells upon Transplantation
Authors: Deschepper Mickael , Manassero Mathieu , Oudina Karim , Paquet Joseph , Monfoulet Laurent-Emmanuel , Bensidhoum Morad , Logeart-Avramoglou Delphine , Petite Herve 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
A major limitation in the development of cellular therapies using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is cell survival post-transplantation. In this study, we challenged the current paradigm of hMSC survival, which assigned a pivotal role to oxygen, by testing the hypothesis that exogenous glucose may be key to hMSC survival. We demonstrated that hMSCs could endure sustained near-anoxia conditions only in the presence of glucose. In this in vitro cell model, the protein expressions of Hif-1α and angiogenic factors were upregulated by the presence of glucose. Ectopically implanted tissue constructs supplemented with glucose exhibited four- to fivefold higher viability and were more vascularized compared to those without glucose at day 14. These findings provided the first direct in vitro and in vivo demonstration of the proangiogenic and prosurvival functions of glucose in hMSC upon transplantation and identified glucose as an essential component of the ideal scaffold for transplanting stem cells.
Beyond root cause analysis: An enriched system oriented event analysis model for wide application
Authors: Chuang Sheuwen , Howley Peter P. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAn elementary System Oriented Event Analysis (SOEA) model was developed as an innovative method addressing serious limitations of the traditional root cause analysis (RCA) in healthcare. The SOEA has three distinctive capabilities beyond RCA: multiple events analysis, systems thinking, risk control formulation and alignment. It was applicable to events arising within strict sequential processes. However, for wider application to nonsequential, network system flows, the model needed to be redesigned. The engineering concepts of verification and validation were adopted as guides for the redesign. Patient falls in three differently sized hospitals were used to verify the applicability of the redesigned model. The resulting enriched SOEA model (enSOEA) was later applied in a scabies outbreak case as a validation test of success. This paper aims to describe how the elementary SOEA model was redesigned to achieve the enriched SOEA that is applicable beyond the sequential process, and provides key lessons learned from the tests for promoting its application. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 16
Elektronenbeugung zur Analyse dünner Funktionsschichten
Authors: Thomas Jürgen , Ramm Jürgen , Gemming Thomas 
Published: December 2012

AbstractNach einem kurzen geschichtlichen Überblick werden einige Grundlagen der Elektronenbeugung in der Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie erläutert: Elektronen als Wellen, Braggsches Gesetz, Feinbereichs‐ und Feinstrahlbeugung. Die Möglichkeiten der am häufigsten benutzten Feinbereichsbeugung werden anhand von zwei typischen Beispielen demonstriert: Ermittlung der kristallografischen Orientierung in einkristallinen Schichten (piezoelektrisches LiTaO3) und Phasenanalyse in polykristallinen Gefügen (Ni‐Al‐O‐Hartstoffschichten).
Current Status in Fabrication, Structural and Transport Property Characterization, and Theoretical Understanding of Bi2Te3 / Sb2Te3 Superlattice Systems
Authors: Winkler Markus , Liu Xi , Schürmann Ulrich , König Jan D. , Kienle Lorenz , Bensch Wolfgang , Böttner Harald 
Published: December 2012

AbstractRoughly a decade ago an outstanding thermoelectric Figure of merit ZT of 2.4 was published for nanostructured Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3‐based thin film superlattice (SL) structures. The results strongly fueled and renewed the interest in the development of efficient novel nanostructured thermoelectric materials. Several attempts were made to reproduce and improve the properties by using different methods, for example by replacing the cost‐intensive metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) used to deposit the superlattices. This method‐oriented article shall give a critical overview over the most recent advances concerning growth, structural and electrical characterization, and theoretical understanding of Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3 SL systems. Previously reported data as well as new results from our groups are presented. Selected additional results from closely related Bi2Te3‐ and Sb2Te3‐based nanolayered systems are also presented to enhance the discussion.
Treatment When Prognostic Factors Do Not Match St. Gallen Recommendations: Profiling of Prognostic Factors among HR(+) and HER2(−) Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Satoh Kyoko , Tanaka Maki , Yano Ayako , Ying Jiang , Kakuma Tatsuyuki 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe St. Gallen consensus provides treatment recommendations for breast cancer based on prognostic factors. Although many patients’ prognostic patterns are not easily matched with the prognostic patterns listed in the St. Gallen consensus, there has been no systematic investigation reporting the gap between treatment recommendations and actual postoperative treatment choices in clinical practice.MethodsFour hundred seventy‐one patients with hormone receptor‐positive [HR(+)] and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2‐negative [HER2(−)] breast cancer were analyzed. These patients were classified into either the “crisp treatment group” or “fuzzy treatment group” based on the definitiveness of postoperative treatment selection based on St. Gallen treatment recommendations. The patients in the fuzzy treatment group were further classified into strata in which patients within each stratum shared the same prognostic factor patterns with similar recurrence rates.ResultsA total of 87.3 % of HR(+)HER2(−) patients were designated to the fuzzy treatment group. Four prognostic strata were constructed according to the survival tree model, and revealed that patients with poor prognostic profiles tended to receive endocrine therapy with chemotherapy. This suggests that postoperative chemotherapy is useful, although there was no statistical significance.ConclusionsWe constructed prognostic profiles of patients in the fuzzy treatment group and examined the recurrence rates associated with two treatment regimens within each prognostic profile. These findings are exploratory, but they may be useful for planning prospective studies of the effectiveness of postoperative treatment regimens among patients with a heterogeneous combination of prognostic factors.