bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peran Orangtua Membimbing Anak Dalam Belajar Luring Selama Pandemi Covid 19 Kelas 3 Sd Negeri 75 Bengkulu Selatan
Authors: Astuti Feky Fuji 
Published: June 2024

Orangtua kesulitan dalam memujuknya untuk belajar. Ada anak yang malas dan acuh untuk belajar.ada juga orangtua yang waktunya memimbing anaknya untuk belajar hanya bisa malam hari disebabkan orangtuanya sibuk mencari kebutuhan sehari-hari, namun waktu terbatas. Tujuan penelitian yaitu Mengetahui peran orang tua terhadap anak dalam pembelajaran luring dan mengetahui dampak proses pembelajaran luar jaringan. Metode penelitian terkait peran orangtua membimbing anak dalam belajar luring berjenis penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data primernya adalah orangtua sebanyak 30 orang, anak kelas 3 sebanyak 30 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara melaksanakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kemudian data dianalisis dengan metode field riserch yaitu menyajikan deskripsi, secara sistematis, factual, dan akurat mengenai fakta-fakta. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu Implementasi peran orangtua membimbing anak dalam belajar luar jaringan (luring) selama pandemi covid 19 kelas 3 SD negeri 75 bengkulu selatan yaitu menjadi contoh yang baik untuk anak, mengajak anak belajar dengan cara menyenangkan, membimbing anak, menyediakan fasilitas-fasilitas yang menunjang, mengingatkan anak belajar agar anak tidak lalai dengan tugasnya sebagai pelajar. Dampak dalam proses pembelajara luar jaringan (luring) yaitu akibat kurangnya ekonomi sehingga mereka sibuk mencari nafkah, dan mengakibatkan waktu mereka terbatas untuk memperhatikan anak, membimbing anak, mendampingi anak, masih kurangnya pengtahuan orangtua tetang materi yang dipelajari anak.
Historia con memoria de las revoluciones. Una verdad incómoda
Authors: Cuesta Raimundo 
Published: June 2024

Este apunte crítico aborda una reseña del libro del historiador Enzo Traverso sobre el pasado y el presente de las revoluciones contemporáneas, y de las fuerzas políticas, las utopías, las teorías y los intelectuales que las inspiraron. Pero no se trata solo de un resumen del contenido de una obra de historia de las ideas políticas, sino que también se incluye una reflexión personal sobre las tesis de su autor y muy especialmente acerca del desafío que supone acomodar el oficio de historiador a una metodología de interpretación de la realidad basada en la idea de “imágenes dialécticas”, procedente del pensador alemán Walter Benjamin y, más en general, de la tradición marxiana. Se comenta, pues, el legado y el futuro de los procesos revolucionarios.
Graded Cellular Ceramics from Continuous Foam Extrusion
Authors: Ceron‐Nicolat Bruno , Wolff Friedrich , Dakkouri‐Baldauf Andrea , Fey Tobias , Münstedt Helmut , Greil Peter 
Published: September 2012

AbstractCylindrical SiOC foam filaments with a radial gradient in pore cell size were processed by continuous extrusion foaming of a methyl polysilsesquioxane. Upon leaving the extrusion nozzle foaming was initiated by pressure release which caused precipitation of supersaturated carbon dioxide from the polymer filament. Rapid cooling of the thin filaments generates a radial gradient of melt viscosity which gives rise for formation of closed cell morphology of isotropic pore cells in the core (diameter < 200 µm) and non‐isotropic pore cells near the sur‐face (shell; <20 µm). After pyrolysis at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1400 °C the stabilized polymer gradient foams were converted into closed cell SiOC ceramic gradient foams. XRD reveals the SiOC residue to be amorphous up to 1200 °C whereas crystallization of ß‐SiC was observed at 1400 °C. A superior compressive strength of 9 MPa and a Young´s modulus of 7 GPa at a relative density of 0.18 were measured at an optimum pyrolysis temperature of 1000 °C.
Magnesiothermic Reduction Process Applied to the Powder Production of U(Mo) Fissile Particles
Authors: Champion Guillaume , Allenou Jérôme , Pasturel Mathieu , Noël Henri , Charollais François , Anselmet Marie‐Christine , Iltis Xavière , Tougait Olivier 
Published: September 2012

AbstractUranium‐molybdenum alloy powders are obtained by a new synthetic route deriving from the Kroll process which avoids a “melting‐solidification” step. This alternative process consists in the reduction of uranium dioxide by magnesium in presence of Mo in a sealed Mo crucible heated at temperatures ranging from 750 to 1100 °C for dwell periods ranging from 12 to 48 h. An appropriate quenching allows the retention of the high temperature bcc‐form γ–U(Mo). The side products are easily removed by a soaking into a diluted hydrochloric acid solution under sonication. The agglomerates have a typical size in the range 10–200 µm, with an irregular shape. They display even at the periphery equiaxed grains with homogeneous distribution of Mo. Small closed porosity, which seems to be preferentially located at the grain boundaries corresponds to roughly 2% of the volume fraction.
Early life stress and telomere length: Investigating the connection and possible mechanisms
Authors: Shalev Idan 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHow can adverse experiences in early life, such as maltreatment, exert such powerful negative effects on health decades later? The answer may lie in changes to DNA. New research suggests that exposure to stress can accelerate the erosion of DNA segments called telomeres. Shorter telomere length correlates with chronological age and also disease morbidity and mortality. Thus, telomere erosion is a potential mechanism linking childhood stress to health problems later in life. However, an array of mechanistic, methodological, and basic biological questions must be addressed in order to translate telomere discoveries into clinical applications for monitoring health and predicting disease risk. This paper covers the current state of the science and lays out new research directions.
High‐Altitude Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Swenson Erik R. , Bärtsch Peter 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHigh‐altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), a not uncommon form of acute altitude illness, can occur within days of ascent above 2500 to 3000 m. Although life‐threatening, it is avoidable by slow ascent to permit acclimatization or with drug prophylaxis. The critical pathophysiology is an excessive rise in pulmonary vascular resistance or hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) leading to increased microvascular pressures. The resultant hydrostatic stress causes dynamic changes in the permeability of the alveolar capillary barrier and mechanical injurious damage leading to leakage of large proteins and erythrocytes into the alveolar space in the absence of inflammation. Bronchoalveolar lavage and hemodynamic pressure measurements in humans confirm that elevated capillary pressure induces a high‐permeability noninflammatory lung edema. Reduced nitric oxide availability and increased endothelin in hypoxia are the major determinants of excessive HPV in HAPE‐susceptible individuals. Other hypoxia‐dependent differences in ventilatory control, sympathetic nervous system activation, endothelial function, and alveolar epithelial active fluid reabsorption likely contribute additionally to HAPE susceptibility. Recent studies strongly suggest nonuniform regional hypoxic arteriolar vasoconstriction as an explanation for how HPV occurring predominantly at the arteriolar level causes leakage. In areas of high blood flow due to lesser HPV, edema develops due to pressures that exceed the dynamic and structural capacity of the alveolar capillary barrier to maintain normal fluid balance. This article will review the pathophysiology of the vasculature, alveolar epithelium, innervation, immune response, and genetics of the lung at high altitude, as well as therapeutic and prophylactic strategies to reduce the morbidity and mortality of HAPE. Published 2012.Compr Physiol2:2753‐2773, 2012.
Cancer, Physical Activity, and Exercise
Authors: Brown Justin C. , Winters‐Stone Kerri , Lee Augustine , Schmitz Kathryn H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis review examines the relationship between physical activity and cancer along the cancer continuum, and serves as a synthesis of systematic and meta‐analytic reviews conducted to date. There exists a large body of epidemiologic evidence that conclude those who participate in higher levels of physical activity have a reduced likelihood of developing a variety of cancers compared to those who engage in lower levels of physical activity. Despite this observational evidence, the causal pathway underlying the association between participation in physical activity and cancer risk reduction remains unclear. Physical activity is also a useful adjunct to improve the deleterious sequelae experienced during cancer treatment. These deleterious sequelae may include fatigue, muscular weakness, deteriorated functional capacity, and many others. The benefits of physical activity during cancer treatment are similar to those experienced after treatment. Despite the growing volume of literature examining physical activity and cancer across the cancer continuum, a number of research gaps exist. There is little evidence on the safety of physical activity among all cancer survivors, as most trials have selectively recruited participants. The specific dose of exercise needed to optimize primary cancer prevention or symptom control during and after cancer treatment remains to be elucidated. © 2012 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol2:2775‐2809, 2012.
THE BALANCE SHEET CHANNEL IN A SMALL OPEN ECONOMY IN A MONETARY UNION
Authors: Sousa João , Gameiro Isabel Marques 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper uses a two‐country VAR approach to study the transmission of monetary policy shocks in Portugal, focusing in particular on the financial decisions of households, corporations (financial/non‐financial), the government and the rest of the world. We find that a monetary policy shock has a contractionary effect on economic activity and increases the financing needs of households and non‐financial corporations. The financial sector plays an important role, supplying the necessary funds to these sectors and thus facilitating their adjustment to the shock. We do not find much evidence of a significant systematic behaviour of the government or the rest of the world in response to monetary policy shocks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lack of benefit of 3‐month intensification with enfuvirtide plus optimized background regimen (OBR) versus OBR alone in patients with multiple therapeutic failures: The INNOVE study
Authors: Morand‐Joubert Laurence , Ghosn Jade , Delaugerre Constance , Giffo Boniface , Solas Caroline , Samri Assia , Pinta Alexandrina , Triglia Aurore , Raffi François ,   on behalf of Innove Study Group
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the virological efficacy of a 3‐month short‐course intensification with enfuvirtide (ENF) associated with an optimized background regimen (OBR) in treatment‐experienced patients infected with HIV‐1 with multiple therapeutic failures. This was a prospective, randomized, open‐label multicenter trial including patients infected with HIV‐1 and harboring a multi‐resistant virus that was still susceptible to at least 2 active compounds. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive OBR + ENF or OBR alone. ENF was discontinued at Week 12. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with plasma viral load <50 copies/ml at Week 24. Fifteen patients were randomized into the OBR group and 14 into the OBR + ENF group with a median viral load of 4.1 log10 copies/ml and a median CD4+ cell count of 346 cells/mm3. The primary endpoint was achieved in 93% (14/15) and 79% (11/14) of patients, respectively. Eighty‐seven percent (13/15) of patients had a viral load <50 copies/ml as soon as Week 12 in the OBR group and 79% (11/14) in the OBR + ENF group. At Week 12, the median CD4+ cell count was 327 in the OBR and 437 in the OBR + ENF groups and at Week 24 they were comparable. Intensification with ENF had no significant impact on PBMCs HIV‐DNA levels. A 3‐month short‐course intensified treatment with ENF did not improve Week‐24 virological response in treatment‐experienced patients infected with HIV‐1 harboring resistant viruses that were still susceptible to two antiretroviral drugs. J. Med. Virol. 84:1710–1718, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Frequency and clinical significance of core promoter and precore region mutations in Tunisian patients infected chronically with hepatitis B
Authors: Ouneissa Rim , Bahri Olfa , Alaya‐Bouafif Nissaf Ben , Chouaieb Sofiene , Yahia Ahlem Ben , Sadraoui Amel , Hammami Walid , Filali Noureddine , Azzouz Mohamed Msaddak , Mami Nabyl Ben , Triki Henda 
Published: September 2012

AbstractGenetic variability of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the C gene and its association with the different stages of chronic liver disease has been studied inadequately with controversial results. The objectives of the current study were to determine the frequency of core promoter and precore mutations in chronic hepatitis B in Tunisia and to evaluate their impact on viral replication and disease progression. Sequencing was performed in upstream regulatory sequence (URS), pre‐core (PreC) and basal core promoter (BCP) regions for 123 chronic infected patients by HBV genotype D at different status of disease. Mutations were detected in 98.4% of cases, affecting URS, BCP and Pre‐C in 95.1%, 95.9% and 87.8% respectively. Multi‐mutations increased significantly from asymptomatic carrier to advanced liver disease status. G1896A (74.8%), G1764A/T/C (71.5%), G1899A (54.4%) and T1678C (52%) were the most common. Special attention should be paid to A1703T, T1678C/G‐A1703T, and A1652G‐A1679G mutations probably specific of Tunisians sequences; they were observed in 40.6%, 41.5% and 30.1% respectively. A1679G/C, T1753C/G/A, A1762T/G and A1762T‐G1764A were more prevalent in older patients. High DNA levels were associated with G1899A or G1764T/C‐C1766G‐C1799G and advanced liver disease with mutations at positions 1762, 1764 and/or 1899 alone or in double or triple mutations. It was also shown that substitutions at nucleotides 1762, 1764 and 1899 have an impact on the disease progression. It is the first report for specific mutations in the URS region for genotype D. It should be completed by studying eventual correlation with clinical progression and the response to treatment. J. Med. Virol. 84:1719–1726, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Micro‐Raman study of Medieval Cistercian 12–13th century manuscripts: Santa Maria de Alcobaça, Portugal
Authors: Muralha Vânia S. F. , Miguel Catarina , Melo Maria João 
Published: September 2012

Santa Maria de Alcobaça Monastery, a Cistercian monastery, was established in 1153, in the year of St. Bernard of Clairvaux's death. From the approximately 160 illuminated manuscripts produced during the late 12th to early 13th centuries, a set of 15 manuscripts was selected to characterize the medieval colour palette of thisscriptorium, following an interdisciplinary study on Portuguese medieval illumination. Colour paints were fully characterized by Raman microscopy (RM), alongside μ‐Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and μ‐Energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence.TheAlcobaçacollection shows consistently the use of pink and grey paints, mostly achieved by mixing vermilion and/or an organic red, or a carbon‐based black pigment with lead white, respectively. Lazurite was the chosen pigment for blue, being ubiquitous in the studied collection. Azurite was found in the lettering of only one manuscript (Alc. 433). Green is defined as bottle green, commonly seen in Portuguese medieval manuscripts, evidencing the loss of cohesion and adhesion to the support. RM and μ‐Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy identify a copper complex with a protein, possibly verdigris based. The remaining colour palette comprises orpiment, red lead and two organic dyes (with yellow and dark red) not yet characterised. Darkening is observed for lead white in two manuscripts (Alc. 249 and Alc. 446). RM shows galena, a lead sulfide, as the degradation product of lead white, and a band at approximately 810 cm−1, indicating the presence of an arsenate‐based species. On Alc. 446, an intense broad band at approximately 339 cm−1was also identified, most likely due to an orpiment‐based solid phase in agreement with the reduction of orpiment or the arsenate‐based species. A set of experiments was designed to assess the influence of orpiment on lead white degradation, corroborating the previous results and indicating the appearance of a new lead carbonate phase. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biomolecular component analysis of cultured cell nucleoli by Raman microspectrometry
Authors: Kuzmin Andrey N. , Pliss Artem , Kachynski Aliaksandr V. 
Published: September 2012

Distinct cellular domains, such as structure–function compartments of the cell nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles, are responsible for numerous macromolecular processes essential for cell functions. Spectroscopic analysis of specific cellular domains opens a way for noninvasive characterization of their molecular content and monitoring of their function.Confocal Raman spectroscopy was employed here for characterization of the complex molecular organization of major structure–function compartment of the cell nucleus, the nucleolus. The Raman spectra obtained in the nucleoli were processed by biomolecular component analysis (BCA). BCA was used to determine the contribution of each major type of macromolecules (proteins, DNA, RNA and lipids) to the complex molecular composition of nucleoli. A notable cell‐to‐cell variability in the macromolecular composition of nucleolus was found. At the same time, we observed a correlation between the concentrations of major types of biomolecules in this nuclear compartment. In particular, the averaged concentration of RNA increases along with increase in protein concentration, while an inverse dependence between the concentrations of RNA and DNA was found. Variations in the nucleolar concentrations of lipids were also noticed. Manifestations in spectral variations of proteins for individual nucleoli, shown by BCA, are discussed and interpreted.We also compared utility of BCA and principal component analysis for biomolecular studies and conclude that BCA is a more powerful and informative technique for studies of macromolecular composition and its variations in specific subcellular domains. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of Thiol‐Ene Crosslinked PEG Hydrogels
Authors: Toepke Michael W. , Impellitteri Nicholas A. , Theisen Jeffrey M. , Murphy William L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe properties of synthetic hydrogels can be tuned to address the needs of many tissue‐culture applications. This work characterizes the swelling and mechanical properties of thiol‐ene crosslinked PEG hydrogels made with varying prepolymer formulations, demonstrating that hydrogels with a compressive modulus exceeding 600 kPa can be formed. The amount of peptide incorporated into the hydrogel is shown to be proportional to the amount of peptide in the prepolymer solution. Cell attachment and spreading on the surface of the peptide‐functionalized hydrogels is demonstrated. Additionally, a method for bonding distinct layers of cured hydrogels is used to create a microfluidic channel. magnified image
Fractional Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(ethylene oxide) in Its Blends with Poly(butylene succinate): Molecular Weight Effects
Authors: Pan Pengju , Zhao Li , Inoue Yoshio 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe fractional crystallization kinetics and phase behavior of PEO with different molecular weights (MWs) in its miscible crystalline/crystalline blends with PBS are studied. Both fractional crystallization kinetics and phase segregation of PEO in PBS/PEO blends are dramatically influenced by its MW. PEO with a medium MW (20 kDa) shows a significant fractional crystallization in the blends with PBS crystallized at a high TIC,PBS, which, however, is dramatically depressed in the blends with a very low or high MW of PEO. This indicates that the PEO component with a medium MW is more ready to segregate into the interlamellar region of PBS crystals than those with a very low or high MW. The MW‐dependent fractional crystallization kinetics and phase segregation of PEO component in the PBS/PEO blends are discussed. magnified image
Exercise intensity self‐regulation using the OMNI scale in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Higgins Linda W. , Robertson Robert J. , Kelsey Sheryl F. , Olson Marian B. , Hoffman Leslie A. , Rebovich Paul J. , Haile Luke , Orenstein David M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPrescribing exercise at intensities that improve fitness is difficult in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) due to ventilatory limitations and fluctuating health status. Our aim was to determine if children with CF could regulate the intensity of cycle ergometer and treadmill exercise using target ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) derived from the Children's OMNI Scale. We examined prescription congruence (similar oxygen consumption [VO2] and heart rate [HR] for target RPE) and intensity discrimination (different VO2 and HR for different RPEs), from cycle to cycle and cycle to treadmill. Subjects were 24 children (12 male, 12 female), aged 10–17 years with varying disease severity. Each child participated in one orientation, one estimation trial (graded maximal exercise test), and two production trials (cycle and treadmill, alternating between RPE 4 and 7). At RPE 4, congruence was evident for both VO2 and HR on the treadmill. On the cycle at RPE 4, VO2 was significantly higher only in the first production trial, although HRs tended to be higher in the production trials than the estimation trial. Prescription congruence was also supported at RPE 7, with no significant differences in VO2 or HR between estimation and production trials on cycle or treadmill. Results fully supported intensity discrimination, with significant differences between VO2 and HR at RPE 4 and 7 (P < 0.0001). Children with CF appear capable of using the OMNI Scale to regulate cycle and treadmill exercise intensity. Training using this methodology has the potential to promote fitness in children with CF of varying severity. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:497–505. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.