bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delivery of Synthetic Interleukin‐22 mRNA to Hepatocytes via Lipid Nanoparticles Alleviates Liver Injury
Authors: Ouyang Hanxiang , Wei Shenyu , Gao Bingqiang , Qian Xiaohui , Chen Yining , Lu Jingxiong , Ding Yuan , Mao Zhengwei , Du Yang , Wang Weilin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHepatocellular injury, a pivotal contributor to liver diseases, particularly hepatitis, lacks effective pharmacological treatments. Interleukin‐22 (IL‐22), crucial for liver cell survival, shows potential in treating liver diseases by regulating repair and regeneration through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation. However, the short half‐life and off‐target effects limit its clinical applications. To address these issues, lipid nanoparticles are employed to deliver synthetic IL‐22 mRNA (IL‐22/NP) for in situ IL‐22 expression in hepatocytes. The study reveals that IL‐22/NP exhibits liver‐targeted IL‐22 expression, with increased IL‐22 levels detected in the liver as early as 3 h postintravenous injection, lasting up to 96 h. Furthermore, IL‐22/NP activates STAT3 signaling in an autocrine or paracrine manner to upregulate downstream factors Bcl‐xL and CyclinD1, inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation. The therapeutic efficacy of IL‐22/NP is demonstrated in both chronic and acute liver injury models, suggesting IL‐22 mRNA delivery as a promising treatment strategy for hepatitis and liver diseases involving hepatocellular injury.
Incorporating Zinc Metal Sites in Aluminum‐Coordinated Porphyrin Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Photocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Liu Rui , Wu Hao , Chung Hoi Ying , Utomo Wahyu Prasetyo , Tian Yuanmeng , Shang Jin , Sit Patrick H.‐L. , Ng Yun Hau 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRationally designing photocatalysts is crucial for the solar‐driven nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) due to the stable N≡N triple bond. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered promising candidates but suffer from insufficient active sites and inferior charge transport. Herein, it is demonstrated that incorporating 3d metal ions, such as zinc (Zn) or iron (Fe) ions, into Al‐coordinated porphyrin MOFs (Al‐PMOFs) enables the enhanced ammonia yield of 88.7 and 65.0 µg gcat−1 h−1, 2.5‐ and 1.8‐fold increase compared to the pristine Al‐PMOF (35.4 µg gcat−1 h−1), respectively. The origin of ammonia (NH3) is verified via isotopic labeling experiments. Incorporating Zn or Fe into Al‐PMOF generates active sites in Al‐PMOF, that is, Zn‐N4 or Fe‐N4 sites, which not only facilitates the adsorption and activation of N2 molecules but suppresses the charge recombination. Photophysical and theoretical studies further reveal the upshift of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level to a more energetic position upon inserting 3d metal ions (with a more significant shift in Zn than Fe). The promoted nitrogen activation, suppressed charge recombination, and more negative LUMO levels in Al‐PMOF(3d metal) contribute to a higher photocatalytic activity than pristine Al‐PMOF. This work provides a promising strategy for designing photocatalysts for efficient solar‐to‐chemical conversion.
Advances and Prospects in Liquid Biopsy Techniques for Malignant Tumor Diagnosis and Surveillance
Authors: Zhang Chengzhi , Li Tenghui , Zhao Qian , Ma Rui , Hong Zhengchao , Huang Xuanzhang , Gao Peng , Liu Jingjing , Zhao Junhua , Wang Zhenning 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLiquid biopsy technology provides invaluable support for the early diagnosis of tumors and surveillance of disease course by detecting tumor‐related biomarkers in bodily fluids. Currently, liquid biopsy techniques are mainly divided into two categories: biomarker and label‐free. Biomarker liquid biopsy techniques utilize specific antibodies or probes to identify and isolate target cells, exosomes, or molecules, and these techniques are widely used in clinical practice. However, they have certain limitations including dependence on tumor markers, alterations in cell biological properties, and high cost. In contrast, label‐free liquid biopsy techniques directly utilize physical or chemical properties of cells, exosomes, or molecules for detection and isolation. These techniques have the advantage of not needing labeling, not impacting downstream analysis, and low detection cost. However, most are still in the research stage and not yet mature. This review first discusses recent advances in liquid biopsy techniques for early tumor diagnosis and disease surveillance. Several current techniques are described in detail. These techniques exploit differences in biomarkers, size, density, deformability, electrical properties, and chemical composition in tumor components to achieve highly sensitive tumor component identification and separation. Finally, the current research progress is summarized and the future research directions of the field are discussed.
Selection of agile project management approaches based on project complexity
Authors: Pinciroli Fernando 
Published: July 2024

AbstractManaging software development projects is a complex endeavor due to the constant emergence of unforeseen events that deviate from initial expectations. A competent project leader is not just someone who follows the planned course but also adept at handling and minimizing inconveniences, ultimately striving to achieve results that align as closely as possible with the desired outcome. However, individuals involved in technological development often cling to familiar tools that have previously yielded positive outcomes, even when those tools may not be the best fit for the current project context. The Agile Manifesto has significantly transformed project management, infusing the discipline with a fresh perspective. Nevertheless, there remain several challenges to overcome. In this article, we aim to provide a guide that addresses these difficulties and minimizes their impact. We explore the selection of key factors that adequately describe a project's complexity, which can subsequently be used in conjunction with the Cynefin framework to categorize management strategies, techniques, and tools based on their applicability to specific complexities. Additionally, we offer insights on adapting project management approaches throughout the project life cycle in response to changes in reality, utilizing the dynamics outlined by the Cynefin framework. Finally, we present suitable strategies, techniques, and tools for agile project management based on the complexity context assigned by the Cynefin framework.
Promoted Hydrogen Peroxide Production from Pure Water on g‐C3N4 with Nitrogen Defects Constructed through Solvent‐Precursor Interactions: Exploring a Complex Story in Piezo‐Photocatalysis
Authors: Minh Phan Pham Duc , Nguyen Duc‐Viet , Nguyen Minh Chien , Anh Nguyen Hoai , Toan Huynh Phuoc , Ly Pho Phuong , Nguyen Ngoc Linh , Van Nguyen Tiep , Pham Minh‐Thuan , Ung Thuy Dieu Thi , Bich Do Danh , Hue Pham Thu , Hue Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Dang Van‐Han , Yu Woo Jong , Hur Seung Hyun , Nguyen Quang Hung , Tuyen Luu Anh , Vuong Hoai‐Thanh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production via oxygen (O2) reduction reaction (ORR) in pure water (H2O) through graphitic carbon nitrides (g‐C3N4)‐based piezo‐photocatalysts is an exciting approach in many current studies. However, the low Lewis‐acid properties of g‐C3N4 limited the catalytic performance because of the low O2 adsorption efficacy. To overcome this challenge, the interaction of g‐C3N4 precursors with various solvents are utilized to synthesize g‐C3N4, possessing multiple nitrogen‐vacant species via thermal shocking polymerization. These results suggest that the lack of nitrogen in g‐C3N4 and the incident introduction of oxygen‐functional groups enhance the Lewis acid‐base interactions and polarize the g‐C3N4 lattices, leading to the enormous enhancement. Furthermore, the catalytic mechanisms are thoroughly studied, with the formation of H2O2 proceeding via radical and water oxidation pathways, in which the roles of light and ultrasound are carefully investigated. Thus, these findings not only reinforce the potential view of metal‐free photocatalysts, accelerating the understanding of g‐C3N4 working principles to generate H2O2 based on the oxygen reduction and water oxidation reactions, but also propose a facile one‐step way for fabricating highly efficient and scalable photocatalysts to produce H2O2 without using sacrificial agents, pushing the practical application of in situ solar H2O2 toward real‐world scenarios.
Reliability evaluation of reinforced concrete arch bridges during construction based on LGSSA‐SVR hybrid algorithm
Authors: Binlin Xu , Zhongchu Tian , Xiaoping Shen , Wenguang Bai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDuring the cantilever casting process of reinforced concrete arch bridges with cantilever cast‐in‐situ method, it is difficult to select representative training samples for reliability analysis due to its complex structural system. Many random variables and large computational sample size, this paper proposes to solve the reliability indexes based on the combination of the improved sparrow search algorithm (LGSSA) and the support vector regression (SVR) method. Firstly, random variables are selected according to the actual situation of the bridge structure. Then representative training samples are designed to be substituted into the finite element model through the homogeneous method. The resultant data samples are used to fit the functional function by the support vector regression. Then combined with the penalized function method to transform the nonlinear optimization into the problem of solving the extreme value of the function. Based on the improved SSA to solve the extreme value of the final function. Finally the reliability index of the structure is obtained. With the background of reinforced concrete arch bridge of 200 m, the method is used to analyze the reliability of its buckling cable stress, arch stress, buckling tower deviation and structural system reliability during the cantilever casting process. The results show that the overall structural reliability of the arch ring during cantilever casting is 3.502–3.608. The indexes of buckling cable stress reliability are 3.806–6.784. The indexes of arch ring stress reliability are 4.379–7.562, and the indexes of buckling tower deflection reliability are 3.608–8.123.
Different species or altitudinal morphotypes? Testing the taxonomic value of Dianthus brachycalyx (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Franzoni Jacopo , Astuti Giovanni , Bartolucci Fabrizio , Bernardo Liliana , Fior Simone , Casazza Gabriele , Conti Fabio , Iamonico Duilio , Iberite Mauro , Minuto Luigi , Turini Alessia , Peruzzi Lorenzo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDefining species boundaries within plant groups distributed along wide elevational and geographic gradients may lead to unstable taxonomic delimitations using morphological data only. Within the taxonomically challenging genus Dianthus, through an integrative approach we tested the taxonomic value of D. brachycalyx, a putative species endemic to mountain peaks of the central‐southern Apennines, with respect to the widespread central‐Mediterranean D. virgineus. We measured 30 morphological characters in 452 individuals from 25 populations and obtained 3202 single nucleotide polymorphisms using ddRAD‐seq techniques in 394 individuals from 36 populations. For climatic niche comparison, we built a dataset of 348 occurrence points. By comparing morphometric, genetic, and climatic niche data, we showed that D. brachycalyx cannot be considered a distinct species. Morphometric separation between the two species is detectable, but high‐elevation populations of D. virgineus are similar to D. brachycalyx. Genetic analyses revealed that the genetic structure of populations of D. brachycalyx and D. virgineus is mainly shaped by isolation‐by‐distance, irrespective of their taxonomic attribution. The climatic niches of the two species are overlapping, and the niche differences are just due to different availability of climatic conditions in their ranges. Accordingly, multiple lines of evidence do not support a separation of D. brachycalyx from D. virgineus, and the former should be considered a heterotypic synonym of the latter.
The Relationship Between Climate Change and Indonesia's Malaria Burden
Authors: Rahmani Ardhi Arsala , Susanna Dewi , Eryando Tris 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMalaria has been with humans for thousands of years. It is caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium that are transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. The variation of global malaria distribution has recently been associated with changing climatic conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, windspeed, and humidity. One country where malaria transmission remains high in select subnational areas is Indonesia. Founded upon previous findings on the relationship between climate change and malaria, this research delves into the same equation for the case of Indonesia through a structural model which overcomes the variable co‐interaction between temperature, precipitation, windspeed, and humidity. This study follows an ecological study design with yearly longitudinal data (t = 20, n = 432). The method of analysis employed is a structural equation modelling approach for panel datasets with an output of factor loading values to determine association levels. The independent variable is a climate change construct of maximum, minimum, and average values from temperature, windspeed, relative humidity and precipitation as observables taken from the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) POWER Project. Meanwhile, the dependent variable is yearly malaria incidence rates at the city and regency level extracted from the Malaria Atlas Project dataset. All variables are standardized to account for unit differences. The SEM results indicate a standardized relationship between a latent climate variable with malaria incidence in a statistically significant manner. However, differences in coefficient directions between the three models indicate that the relationship remains elusive. In the maximum value model, a standard deviation increase in the climate change construct from its mean is associated with a 0.04 standard deviation increase in malaria incidence from its own mean (p < 0.001). On the other hand, in the minimum and average value models, a standard deviation increase in limate change construct from its mean is associated with a 0.12 and 0.09 standard deviation decrease of malaria incidence from its own mean respectively (p < 0.001). Although statistical significance was established across all models which indicated relatively good fit across select indices, the standardized coefficient values presented in this study suggest that any associations between long term climatic variations (measured by yearly data) and malarial incidences are modest at best. The results of the structural equation models also indicate that other factors are at play when it comes to malaria case variations—as explained by the residual terms across all models.
Meaningful benefit of disease‐modifying treatment: Evaluating changes in health‐related resource use
Authors: Zhu Carolyn W. , Sano Mary 
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAre reductions in the rate of decline from the new disease‐modifying treatments (DMTs) in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) meaningful? We examined whether such reductions may be reflected in changes in health‐related resource use.METHODSPatients with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) = 0.5 or 1 with a clinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or AD, reflecting clinical trial populations. Health‐related resource use was reported using the Resource Use Inventory (RUI) including direct medical care, non‐medical care, unpaid informal care, and time use.RESULTSFaster decline in CDR–Sum of Boxes (CDR‐SB) from baseline was independently associated with higher likelihood and hours of informal care received, and lower likelihood of employment/volunteer work, but not with direct medical care.DISCUSSIONReductions in the rate of decline in CDR‐SB seen from DMTs significantly affect patients’ work capacity and need for informal care, indicators of economic impact meaningful to patients, families, and health systems. These measures are not readily captured in administrative data sets.Highlights
Following a cohort of participants with MCI or mild dementia due to AD that mimics participants targeted for AD trials, this study showed slower decline in CDR‐SB have significant effects on patients’ work capacity and need for informal care, but not on their direct medical care utilization such as hospitalizations, ED use, and doctors’ visits.
Capturing potential benefits in health‐related resource use may require direct measures of informal care and work/volunteer effort which are meaningful outcomes to patients, families and health systems.
Caution is needed in our effort to assess benefits of recently developed disease modifying treatment in AD using electronic health records and administrative data from which utilization of direct medical care are routinely collected as these data sources may not capture the most apparent changes in resource utilization during early disease stages.
ddX: Polarizable continuum solvation from small molecules to proteins
Authors: Nottoli Michele , Herbst Michael F. , Mikhalev Aleksandr , Jha Abhinav , Lipparini Filippo , Stamm Benjamin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolarizable continuum solvation models are popular in both, quantum chemistry and in biophysics, though typically with different requirements for the numerical methods. However, the recent trend of multiscale modeling can be expected to blur field‐specific differences. In this regard, numerical methods based on domain decomposition (dd) have been demonstrated to be sufficiently flexible to be applied all across these levels of theory while remaining systematically accurate and efficient. In this contribution, we present ddX, an open‐source implementation of dd‐methods for various solvation models, which features a uniform interface with classical as well as quantum descriptions of the solute, or any hybrid versions thereof. We explain the key concepts of the library design and its application program interface, and demonstrate the use of ddX for integrating into standard chemistry packages. Numerical tests illustrate the performance of ddX and its interfaces.This article is categorized under:
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Software > Simulation Methods
Evaluating elements of artificial cover object design for terrestrial salamander monitoring
Authors: Ochs Alison E. , Swihart Robert K. , Saunders Mike R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeclines in amphibian populations have led to greater research and monitoring of species of interest, including terrestrial salamanders. Several methods have been used to study salamanders, including artificial cover objects (ACOs). Artificial cover objects are easy to install and use, limit destruction to habitats, are easily reproducible both across and within studies, and can reduce variability between observers and sites by not relying on observer search time or effort, or on natural cover. However, different ACO designs and spacing may yield different capture rates, and thus different estimates of population densities. We examined the influence of ACO wood type, size, shape, and spacing arrays on the number of individually marked red‐backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) captured under ACOs. White pine (Pinus strobus) ACOs yielded the most (average of 14 across 3 replicates) individuals, while white ash (Fraxinus americana) ACOs had the least (average of 7 across 3 replicates). Larger ACOs had similar capture rates compared to equal sampled areas of smaller ACOs, but a single smaller ACO tended to have fewer individual salamander captures than a single large ACO. Our results suggested that high‐density ACO spacing arrays may increase capture probability but reduce the area uniquely sampled by each ACO. In contrast, low‐density ACO arrays may produce population estimates more comparable to other arrays. Future studies should consider monitoring goals and available sampling effort when choosing a spacing array. As ACO study design impacts salamander capture rates, a clear understanding of the effects of each element of ACO design is important when drawing inferences or making comparisons among studies.
Supportive or Destructive? Intergovernmental Relations During Refugee Crisis in Poland from Local Governments’ Perspective
Authors: Wojtowicz Dominika 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines intergovernmental relations (IGR) in Poland during the first three months of the 2022 refugee crisis, precipitated by the Russian aggression against Ukraine. It explores how the existing IGR processes either facilitated or hindered the effective involvement of lower administrative levels in the crisis management, areas of tension and conflict within IGR, and the extent to which other organizations contributed as service providers or decision-makers within the IGR framework. The study highlights the challenges of coordinating a multilevel response to an unprecedented influx of over 2.5 million refugees, reflecting on the adaptability and effectiveness of IGR processes under crisis conditions.
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification in chronic myeloid leukemia: unveiling a novel therapeutic target
Authors: Fernandez Rodriguez Guillermo , Tarullo Marco , Fatica Alessandro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal mRNA modification, plays a critical role in physiological processes by regulating gene expression through modulation of mRNA metabolism at multiple stages. In recent years, m6A has garnered significant attention for a deeper understanding of the initiation, progression, and drug resistance of various cancers, including hematological malignancies. Dysregulation of m6A has been implicated in both cancer promotion and suppression. m6A methylation is a complex regulatory process involving methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and proteins that recognize specific m6A modifications (readers). This intricate interplay presents challenges for precisely modulating m6A levels, either globally or at specific sites. This review specifically focuses on the role of m6A in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a blood cancer characterized by the BCR-ABL1 fusion. We emphasize its impact on leukemia cell survival and drug resistance mechanisms. Notably, inhibitors targeting m6A regulators show promise in preclinical models, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue for CML. Integrating our understanding of m6A biology with current treatment strategies may lead to more effective therapies, especially for patients with advanced-stage or resistant CML.
Discovery of Vibrio cholerae in Urban Sewage in Copenhagen, Denmark
Authors: Brinch Christian , Otani Saria , Munk Patrick , van den Beld Maaike , Franz Eelco , Aarestrup Frank M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe report the discovery of a persistent presence of Vibrio cholerae at very low abundance in the inlet of a single wastewater treatment plant in Copenhagen, Denmark at least since 2015. Remarkably, no environmental or locally transmitted clinical case of V. cholerae has been reported in Denmark for more than 100 years. We, however, have recovered a near-complete genome out of 115 metagenomic sewage samples taken over the past 8 years, despite the extremely low relative abundance of one V. cholerae read out of 500,000 sequenced reads. Due to the very low relative abundance, routine screening of the individual samples did not reveal V. cholerae. The recovered genome lacks the gene responsible for cholerae toxin production, but although this strain may not pose an immediate public health risk, our finding illustrates the importance, challenges, and effectiveness of wastewater-based pathogen surveillance.