bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Groundwater seeps are hot spots of denitrification and N2O emissions in a restored wetland
Authors: Klionsky Sarah M. , Neill Christopher , Helton Ashley M. , Lawrence Beth 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRestorations of former cranberry farms (“bogs”) aim to re-establish native wetland vegetation, promote cold water habitat, and attenuate nitrogen (N) delivery to coastal waters. It is unclear, though, how elements of restoration design such as microtopography, groundwater interception, and plant communities affect N removal via denitrification. In a recently restored riparian cranberry bog with created microtopography, we compared denitrification potential, nitrous oxide (N2O) yield of denitrification (ratio of N2O:N2O + N2 gases), in situ N2O fluxes, soil chemistry, and plant communities at the highest and lowest elevations within 20 plots and at four side-channel groundwater seeps. Denitrification potential was > 2 × greater at low elevations, which had plant communities distinct from high elevations, and was positively correlated with plant species richness (Spearman’s rho = 0.43). Despite detecting high N2O yield (0.86 ± 0.16) from low elevation soils, we observed small N2O emissions in situ, suggesting minimal incomplete denitrification even in saturated depressions. Groundwater seeps had an order of magnitude higher denitrification potentials and 100–300 × greater soil NO3− concentrations than the typically saturated low elevation soils. Groundwater seeps also had high N2O yield (1.05 ± 0.15) and higher, but spatially variable, in situ N2O emissions. Our results indicate that N removal is concentrated where soils interact with NO3–rich groundwater, but other factors such as low soil carbon (C) also limit denitrification. Designing restoration features to increase groundwater residence time, particularly in low lying, species rich areas, may promote more N attenuation in restored cranberry bogs and other herbaceous riparian wetlands.
Improvement in organization of Cu–O coordination and super-electrons in Bi-2212 ceramic matrix with Ag/Sr partial substitution
Authors: Al Azzawi Abdullah Nabel Salman , Türköz Mustafa Burak , Erdem Ümit , Yildirim Gürcan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study rationalizes the reason for an increase in the electrical conductivity, crystal quality, surface morphology, and superconductive transition temperatures for Bi-2212 superconductors via scientific facts and discussions depending on replacing the optimum Ag/Sr sites in the system for the first time. Every experimental result and related calculations indicate the successful replacement of monovalent Ag+ ions for the divalent Sr2+ ions in the polycrystalline Bi-2212 structure. Moreover, it is observed that the bulk Bi-2212 ceramic prepared with a partial substitution level of x = 0.01 is observed to possess the highest electrical conductivity and superconductive transition temperatures of 84.68 K and 86.26 K for the $$T_{c}^{offset}$$

T

c

offset

and $$T_{c}^{onset}$$

T

c

onset

, respectively. Besides, in the case of the optimum replacement level, the Bi-2212 ceramic exhibits the most uniform and smoothest surface appearance, highest interactions between the grains, best microcrystal distributions/orientations, and largest average crystalline distribution along the crystal structure. In this regard, this study becomes a leader in broadening the application spectra including the heavy-industrial technologies, innovative, advanced engineering-related sectors, and large-scale application fields for Bi-2212 superconducting ceramics.
AI and medical imaging technology: evolution, impacts, and economic insights
Authors: Buaka Emefa Surprize Deborah , Moid Md Zubab Ibne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on medical imaging technology, tracing the evolution of medical imaging from the development of X-ray technology in the 19th century, and describing AI’s integration into medical imaging beginning in the second half of the 20th century. This paper explores AI’s role in early disease detection, enhanced diagnostics, and streamlined workflows. Legal considerations are also discussed, exemplified by proposed regulations such as the EU’s Artificial Intelligence Act and the U.S. Algorithmic Accountability Act.
Help those helping others - the role of universities in facilitating digitalisation and virtualisation in non-profit organisations
Authors: Jabbar Abdul , Apostolidis Chrysostomos , Baines Ning , Devine Anthony , Christofi Michael , Trivedi Siddhi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper we explore the role of universities in supporting the adoption of digitalisation and virtualisation technologies in non-profit organisations, through the development of strategic partnerships. Despite the increasing interest in technology transfer and adoption in various industries, there is currently very limited research on the opportunities and challenges digital technologies can create for organisations supporting societal change. By adopting a Service-Dominant logic (S-D logic) lens, we explore technology transfer as an interaction between organisations, and we use in-depth interviews with 13 non-profit organisations based in the UK, to understand better their current level of technology adoption and the challenges they face in the technology adoption process. We then explore how universities, as strategic partners, can act as intermediaries, supporting more meaningful technology adoption by non-profits and their stakeholders. We conclude that universities need to move beyond their focus on the dyadic relationships with industry and consider themselves as facilitators of interactions and value co-creation within the wider technology transfer ecosystem, as they need to consider several diverse stakeholders if they are to support the digitisation and virtualisation in non-profits.
Multi-temporal morphological analysis coupled to seismic survey of a mass movement from southern Italy: a combined tool to unravel the history of complex slow-moving landslides
Authors: Gioia Dario , Corrado Giuseppe , Minervino Amodio Antonio , Schiattarella Marcello 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImpressive and large-scale slow-moving landslides with a long-term evolutionary history of activity and dormancy are a common landform in the southern Apennines mountain belt. The spatial and temporal evolution of a multi-stage complex landslide located in a catchment of the frontal sector of the southern Apennine chain was reconstructed by multitemporal geomorphological analysis, near-surface seismic survey, and DEM comparison. The Tolve landslide shows a multi-decadal evolution characterized by intermittent periods of activity and dormancy. Geomorphological evidences suggest that the initial failure of the large-scale landslide has a multi-millennial age and can be related to a roto-translational movement that evolved in an earthflow. Recent evolution is associated with a major reactivation event in the middle and lower sectors of the larger complex landslide, which probably is related to a heavy rainfall event occurred in January 1972. Recent evolution is mainly associated with minor movements in the source area, toe advancements, and widespread shallow landslides along the flank of the earthflow. Our results demonstrate the need to integrate traditional geomorphological analysis with multi-source data to reconstruct the evolution of slow-moving landslides and to identify their main predisposing and triggering factors.
Greedy recursive spectral bisection for modularity-bound hierarchical divisive community detection
Authors: Cardoso Douglas O. , da Silva Junior João Domingos Gomes , Oliveira Carla Silva , Marques Celso , de Assis Laura Silva 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpectral clustering techniques depend on the eigenstructure of a similarity matrix to assign data points to clusters, so that points within the same cluster exhibit high similarity and are compared to those in different clusters. This work aimed to develop a spectral method that could be compared to clustering algorithms that represent the current state of the art. This investigation conceived a novel spectral clustering method, as well as five policies that guide its execution, based on spectral graph theory and embodying hierarchical clustering principles. Computational experiments comparing the proposed method with six state-of-the-art algorithms were undertaken in this study to evaluate the clustering methods under scrutiny. The assessment was performed using two evaluation metrics, specifically the adjusted Rand index, and modularity. The obtained results furnish compelling evidence, indicating that the proposed method is competitive and possesses distinctive properties compared to those elucidated in the existing literature. This suggests that our approach stands as a viable alternative, offering a robust choice within the spectrum of available same-purpose tools.
Can the Administrative Loads of Physicians be Alleviated by AI-Facilitated Clinical Documentation?
Authors: Bundy Henry , Gerhart Jay , Baek Sally , Connor Crystal Danielle , Isreal McKenzie , Dharod Ajay , Stephens Casey , Liu Tsai-Ling , Hetherington Timothy , Cleveland Jeffery 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Champions of AI-facilitated clinical documentation have suggested that the emergent technology may decrease the administrative loads of physicians, thereby reducing cognitive burden and forestalling burnout. Explorations of physicians’ experiences with automated documentation are critical in evaluating these claims.

Objective
To evaluate physicians’ experiences with DAX Copilot (DAXC), a generative AI-facilitated clinical documentation tool.

Design
Semi-structured interviews were conducted in August and September of 2023 with physician-users of DAXC.

Participants
A purposive sample of 12 interviewees, selected from 116 primary care physicians, employed at a multi-site academic learning health system.

Approach
After completing all 12 interviews, three study personnel independently analyzed and coded the transcripts. Reconciliation sessions were then held to merge the three analyses into one summary, eliminating redundant codes, and grouping findings into themes.

Key Results
For a majority of interviewees, DAXC reduced the amount of time spent documenting encounters, and alleviated anxieties of having to retain important clinical details until there was time to make notes. DAXC also allowed physicians to be more engaged during appointments, resulting in more personable provider-patient encounters. However, some physicians weighed these benefits against an uneasy feeling that interviewees might be asked to see more patients if DAXC was mandated. Physicians also noted that the tool would occasionally imagine or misgender patients, offer unsolicited and inappropriate diagnoses, and mistake critical details in transcription. The few physicians less enthusiastic about the generative technology portrayed themselves as creatures of habit who had cultivated long-standing workflows and particular notation practices that DAXC could neither improve upon nor reproduce.

Conclusions
According to physician interviewees, automated AI-driven clinical documentation has the potential to significantly reduce the administrative burden associated with particular types of provider-patient encounters. Addressing the growing pains of the incipient technology, identified here, may allow for a broader applicability for clinical practice.
The effects of Constitutional Court Judgments in the context of EU integration: the case of Romania as an EU Member State
Authors: Dumbrava Horatius 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis contribution analyses the conflict between the Constitutional Court of Romania (the ‘CCR’) and the Court of Justice of the European Union (the ‘CJEU’) from the perspective of the affirmation of constitutional identity by the Constitutional Court of Romania as a national independent court, to the detriment of the principle of primacy of EU law enshrined in the settled case-law of the European Court of Justice. The following analysis focuses on two aspects of this conflict. The first involves consideration of the use of the concept of constitutional identity by the Constitutional Court of Romania as a tool to limit the principle of primacy of EU law, with the main argument being that the Constitutional Court is the supreme national institution the task of which is to ensure the supremacy of the Romanian Constitution on Romanian territory even insofar as concerns EU law and the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The second aspect focused upon in this analysis consists of the effects of the conflict between the two jurisdictions - the constitutional and the European Union – as seen in the constitutional decisions adopted by the Constitutional Court of Romania.
Can sex differences in spatiotemporal distribution and age composition explain the female-biased sex ratio observed in the catch of butterfly kingfish Gasterochisma melampus?
Authors: Itoh Tomoyuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe catch of butterfly kingfish Gasterochisma melampus, a large pelagic species in southern temperate waters, is strongly biased (73%) towards females. Whether this is caused by differences in sex-specific spatiotemporal distributions or mortality of sexes is investigated herein. Analysis of sex ratios using a generalized additive model (GAM) for year, month, latitude, longitude, sea surface temperature, and fork length from Japanese longline catch data for areas where immature and adult fish occur revealed the influence of space and time on sex ratios to be small, and that of fork length to be large. Based on observation of the increments in vertebrae of immature fish (N = 179), the fork length at the time of increment formation was back-calculated from distances between increments on the anterior and posterior cones, generating 2–8 measurements per vertebra and 865 data points in total. Growth equations were calculated for each sex, with females growing faster. The age composition of males and females in the catch was similar, meaning that the mortality rate in males is unlikely to be higher than that of females. The data suggest that biased sex ratios in catches are representative of the natural sex ratio in a population for fish more than 60 cm in fork length.
Neural Network Model for Predicting Shear Wave Velocity Using Well Logging Data
Authors: Gomaa Sayed , Shahat John S. , Aboul-Fotouh Tarek M. , Khaled Samir 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient well design requires accurate estimation of rock petrophysical parameters that represent a reservoir. For compressional waves, particle motion is in the direction of propagation; alternatively, for shear waves, it is perpendicular to the propagation direction. Understanding the velocity of these waves reveals important details about the reservoir. Shear wave velocity (Vs) can be used for estimating mechanical properties of rock that will be used while determining casing setting depth, rate of penetration, and fracture pressure. Unfortunately, Vs data cannot be obtained directly in the field due to field constraints and high cost. On the other hand, compressional sonic data sets are available. There are many time- and money-consuming techniques that target the estimation of Vs from core analysis. Moreover, there are uncertain models such as the Xu–Payne petrophysical model, which are based on pore structures, rock compositions, and fluid properties. Although many studies provide various methods to estimate Vs from empirical correlations, petrophysical models, and artificial intelligence, these studies are limited to small ranges of used data. In this paper, a new artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed to accurately predict Vs as a function of porosity ($$\boldsymbol{\varnothing }$$

∅

), gamma-ray (GR), bulk density $$({{\varvec{\rho}}}_{{\text{b}}})$$

(

ρ

b

)

, and compressional velocity (Vc) with wide data ranges. The new model is built using data set comprising 2350 data points, where 1645 data sets are used to process the model, and the other 705 data sets are used to validate the new model. Results showed high accuracy with a coefficient of determination of about 0.958. The proposed model can be applied directly in Excel sheet without need to any other software.
Towards a Prescription for Change: Interprofessional Management of Polypharmacy and Deprescribing
Authors: Perron Aimee Elizabeth 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Deprescribing, systematically discontinuing unnecessary or harmful medications, gains importance in healthcare. With rising polypharmacy concerns, optimizing medication management is crucial. This article explores deprescribing within interprofessional teams emphasizing collaborative efforts to address polypharmacy and improve patient outcomes. It examines the necessity and effectiveness of interprofessional collaboration in deprescribing initiatives, with a focus on diverse healthcare professionals optimizing medication regimens.

Recent Findings
Polypharmacy, characterized by the simultaneous use of multiple medications, poses significant challenges, highlighting the importance of deprescribing. Interprofessional collaboration, supported by evidence, has demonstrated efficacy in reducing polypharmacy and improving patient outcomes. Furthermore, diverse providers contribute valuable expertise in identifying patients who may benefit from deprescribing and non-pharmacological interventions.

Summary
Successful deprescribing relies on interprofessional collaboration to assess medication appropriateness, mitigate risks, and tailor plans to patient preferences. Screening tools identify inappropriate polypharmacy, while frameworks and action steps guide implementation. Integrating non-pharmacological interventions and prioritizing patient safety enhance care quality for older adults.
Diameter of Compact Riemann Surfaces
Authors: Stepanyants Huck , Beardon Alan , Paton Jeremy , Krioukov Dmitri 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiameter is one of the most basic properties of a geometric object, while Riemann surfaces are one of the most basic geometric objects. Surprisingly, the diameter of compact Riemann surfaces is known exactly only for the sphere and the torus. For higher genuses, only very general but loose upper and lower bounds are available. The problem of calculating the diameter exactly has been intractable since there is no simple expression for the distance between a pair of points on a high-genus surface. Here we prove that the diameters of a class of simple Riemann surfaces known as generalized Bolza surfaces of any genus greater than 1 are equal to the radii of their fundamental polygons. This is the first exact result for the diameter of a compact hyperbolic manifold.
Higher orthorexia tendency among female fashion models: an empirical international study
Authors: Bogár Nikolett , Dukay-Szabó Szilvia , Simon Dávid , Túry Ferenc 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Female fashion models are more at risk for developing eating disorders than non-models due to the intense occupational pressure they face. The present study focuses on assessing whether female models are more prone to report orthorexia nervosa signs and symptoms than non-models.

Methods
Female fashion models (n = 179, mean age: 25.9 SD = 4.40 years) and an age adjusted control group (n = 261, mean age: 25.0 SD = 4.97 years) were selected by snowball sampling. Participants filled out an online survey containing anthropometric questions and the 18-item Eating Habits Questionnaire.

Results
According to BMI, fashion models were underweight (mean BMI = 18.1 SD = 1.68) while control participants’ BMI was in the normal range (mean = 22.1 SD = 4.23, p < 0.001). On all three of Eating Habits Questionnaire subscales fashion models showed significantly higher average value (Knowledge subscale: M = 2.42 among models versus M = 2.08 in the control group, p < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.52; Problems subscale: M = 1.93 among models versus M = 2.61 in the control group, p < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.49; Feelings subscale: M = 3.20 among models versus M = 2.96 in the control group, p < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.38). Orthorexic tendencies were reported by 35.1% of the models versus 20.2% of controls.

Conclusion
Fashion models are at risk for the development of eating disorders. Even though not yet included in the DSM-5, the assessment of orthorexia nervosa among fashion models seems to be important. It is suggested to take appropriate measures to prevent the spread of disordered eating habits among models as they can lead to the development of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

Level of evidence
Level III, well-designed cohort study.
Advanced Materials for NH3 Capture: Interaction Sites and Transport Pathways
Authors: Jiang Hai-Yan , Wang Zao-Ming , Sun Xue-Qi , Zeng Shao-Juan , Guo Yang-Yang , Bai Lu , Yao Ming-Shui , Zhang Xiang-Ping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmmonia (NH3) is a carbon-free, hydrogen-rich chemical related to global food safety, clean energy, and environmental protection. As an essential technology for meeting the requirements raised by such issues, NH3 capture has been intensively explored by researchers in both fundamental and applied fields. The four typical methods used are (1) solvent absorption by ionic liquids and their derivatives, (2) adsorption by porous solids, (3) ab-adsorption by porous liquids, and (4) membrane separation. Rooted in the development of advanced materials for NH3 capture, we conducted a coherent review of the design of different materials, mainly in the past 5 years, their interactions with NH3 molecules and construction of transport pathways, as well as the structure–property relationship, with specific examples discussed. Finally, the challenges in current research and future worthwhile directions for NH3 capture materials are proposed.
A bibliometric analysis and comprehensive review of magnetized water effects on concrete properties
Authors: Hatem Wadhah Amer , Rashid Farhan Lafta , Al-Obaidi Mudhar A. , Dulaimi Anmar , Mydin Md Azree Othuman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study is a critical review to assess the feasibility of using magnetic water to boost the overall performance of concrete. This is specifically conducted by evaluating the improvements of mechanical properties (split tensile strength, compressive strength, and flexural strength), cement particle water absorption, and cement hydration of concrete as a result of adding magnetic water if compared to concrete made with regular tap water. The benefits and associated challenges of utilising magnetic water in concrete are thoroughly discussed based on the most recent experimental and numerical studies published in the open literature between 2019 and 2023. According to the findings, the tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, and electrical conductivity increase by 6.1%, 24.4%, 3.9%, and 0.5%, respectively, in concretes created with MW compared to regular tap water. Also, the magnetic field intensity of 1.3 Tesla yields the greatest improvement in the slump by 5–13 mm. However, the magnetic water shows the highest sorptivity at a magnetic field intensity of 0.9 Tesla. Also, using magnetic water makes concrete block pavers less absorbent of water and more resistant to assault by sulfuric acid. This review would encourage future research and widespread use of magnetic water in concrete production.