bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covalently modified magnetite nanoparticles with PEG: preparation and characterization as nano-adsorbent for removal of lead from wastewater
Authors: Sadati Behbahani Nejat , Rostamizadeh Kobra , Yaftian Mohammad Reza , Zamani Abbasali , Ahmadi Hamideh 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Background
Lead is one of the hazardous materials which is associated with pollution and toxicity problems. This paper describes a novel approach for removal of lead from wastewater. Although naked magnetic nanoparticles have been applied for removal of different pollutants from wastewater, there was no research on employment of covalently PEG modified magnetic nanoparticles for such purpose.

Results
A magnetic nano-adsorbent was prepared by chemically modification of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for removal of lead ions. The surface of MNPs was coated covalently with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and PEG. Modified MNPs (MNPs-APTES-PEG) were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and particle size analysis. Compared to the oleic acid coated MNPs, MNPs-APTES-PEG exhibited significant higher uptake capability for Pb(II) ions. The effective parameters on the extent of adsorption (time, temperature, Pb(II) concentration, contact time and pH) were studied and optimized by response surface methodology. Maximum uptake of MNPs-APTES-PEG for Pb(II) was determined to be 81.39 ± 2.5%. The results showed that the kinetic data was best described by Pseudo-second order model as evidenced by the relatively high value of determination coefficient (R2 = 0.9998). Successful removal of Pb(II) from industrial wastewater was also accomplished by MNPs-APTES-PEG.

Conclusions
The results revealed high capability and excellent efficiency of developed nano-adsorbents in removal of lead contaminants from industrial wastewater.
Effect of spent turmeric on kidney glycoconjugates in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Kumar Gurusiddaiah Suresh , Salimath Paramahans Veerayya 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Background
Curcumin known to have number of medicinal use and masked the fiber containing ukonan like active polysaccharide in turmeric and its pharmacological effect will be addressed on diabetic nephropathy particularly the glycoconjugates of extracellular components viz., glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans - heparan sulfate (HS).

Methods
Male Wistar rats were maintained on AIN-76 diet containing 10% spent turmeric and were grouped into control and STZ induced diabetes SFC/TFC and SFD/TFD, respectively. Diabetic status was monitored using blood and urine, and at the end, harvested kidneys were used to study the amelioration of glycoprotiens (collagen) and HS by enzymatic digestion, spectrophotometric, hydroxyproline and agarose electrophoretic methods.

Results
In the present study spent turmeric (10%) fed diabetic rats showed improved glomerular filtration rate (50%), kidney enlargement (60%) and other glycoconjugate metabolism in kidney. Increased collagen content in diabetic group was observed by hydroxyproline estimation (24%) and periodic acid-Schiff’s (PAS) staining. Furthermore, elevated activities of enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were significantly lowered in spent turmeric fed diabetic group. Improvement in total GAGs (43%) and sulfate content (18%) followed by fractionation of GAGs using specific enzymes led to HS (28%) in the spent turmeric fed diabetic group, when compared to starch fed diabetic group and was further confirmed by electrophoresis of GAG.

Conclusion
These results clearly indicate beneficial role of spent turmeric in controlling glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins and heparan sulfate related kidney complications during diabetes.
A joint analysis of metabolomics and genetics of breast cancer
Authors: Tang Xiaohu , Lin Chao-Chieh , Spasojevic Ivan , Iversen Edwin S , Chi Jen-Tsan , Marks Jeffrey R 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Remodeling of cellular metabolism appears to be a consequence and possibly a cause of oncogenic transformation in human cancers. Specific aspects of altered tumor metabolism may be amenable to therapeutic intervention and could be coordinated with other targeted therapies. In breast cancer, the genetic landscape has been defined most comprehensively in efforts such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). However, little is known about how alterations of tumor metabolism correlate with this landscape.

Methods
In total 25 cancers (23 fully analyzed by TCGA) and 5 normal breast specimens were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, quantitating 399 identifiable metabolites.

Results
We found strong differences correlated with hormone receptor status with 18% of the metabolites elevated in estrogen receptor negative (ER-) cancers compared to estrogen receptor positive (ER+) including many glycolytic and glycogenolytic intermediates consistent with increased Warburg effects. Glutathione (GSH) pathway components were also elevated in ER- tumors consistent with an increased requirement for handling higher levels of oxidative stress. Additionally, ER- tumors had high levels of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) and the immunomodulatory tryptophan metabolite kynurenine. Kynurenine levels were correlated with the expression of tryptophan-degrading enzyme (IDO1). However, high levels of 2-HG were not associated with somatic mutations or expression levels of IDH1 or IDH2. BRCA1 mRNA levels were positively associated with coenzyme A, acetyl coenzyme A, and GSH and negatively associated with multiple lipid species, supporting the regulation of ACC1 and NRF2 by BRCA1. Different driver mutations were associated with distinct patterns of specific metabolites, such as lower levels of several lipid-glycerophosphocholines in tumors with mutated TP53. A strong metabolomic signature associated with proliferation rate was also observed; the metabolites in this signature overlap broadly with metabolites that define ER status as receptor status and proliferation rate were correlated.

Conclusions
The addition of metabolomic profiles to the public domain TCGA dataset provides an important new tool for discovery and hypothesis testing of the genetic regulation of tumor metabolism. Particular sets of metabolites may reveal insights into the metabolic dysregulation that underlie the heterogeneity of breast cancer.
Non-exhaustive DNA methylation-mediated transposon silencing in the black truffle genome, a complex fungal genome with massive repeat element content
Authors: Montanini Barbara , Chen Pao-Yang , Morselli Marco , Jaroszewicz Artur , Lopez David , Martin Francis , Ottonello Simone , Pellegrini Matteo 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Background
We investigated how an extremely transposon element (TE)-rich organism such as the plant-symbiotic ascomycete truffle Tuber melanosporum exploits DNA methylation to cope with the more than 45,000 repeated elements that populate its genome.

Results
Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing performed on different developmental stages reveals a high fraction of methylated cytosines with a strong preference for CpG sites. The methylation pattern is highly similar among samples and selectively targets TEs rather than genes. A marked trend toward hypomethylation is observed for TEs located within a 1 kb distance from expressed genes, rather than segregated in TE-rich regions of the genome. Approximately 300 hypomethylated or unmethylated TEs are transcriptionally active, with higher expression levels in free-living mycelium compared to fruitbody. Indeed, multiple TE-enriched, copy number variant regions bearing a significant fraction of hypomethylated and expressed TEs are found almost exclusively in free-living mycelium. A reduction of DNA methylation, restricted to non-CpG sites and accompanied by an increase in TE expression, is observed upon treatment of free-living mycelia with 5-azacytidine.

Conclusions
Evidence derived from analysis of the T. melanosporum methylome indicates that a non-exhaustive, partly reversible, methylation process operates in truffles. This allows for the existence of hypomethylated, transcriptionally active TEs that are associated with copy number variant regions of the genome. Non-exhaustive TE methylation may reflect a role of active TEs in promoting genome plasticity and the ability to adapt to sudden environmental changes.
Photofunctional Lanthanoid Complexes, Coordination Polymers, and Nanocrystals for Future Photonic Applications
Authors: Hasegawa Yasuchika 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
In this account, lanthanoid complexes, coordination polymers, and nanocrystals with photofunctional properties are introduced. To maintain the effective emission of Nd(III), Sm(III), Eu(III), Tb(III), and Yb(III) ions in organic media, the coordination sphere of the lanthanoid ions should consist of strong, bulky, and asymmetric ligands with low vibrational frequencies, that is, there are three criteria for luminescence: 1) suppression of vibrational relaxation, 2) prevention of nonradiative cross relaxation at diffusional collision, and 3) introduction of asymmetric coordination geometry for enhancing electric dipole transition. Lanthanoid coordination compounds with characteristic photosensitizing properties, photochromic properties, circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), metal ion sensing properties, solvent sensing properties, energy-conversion properties, thermostable properties, triboluminescent properties, and thermosensing properties are also described for the development of photofunctional materials. In the second half, the synthesis, photophysical magnetic, and magneto-optical properties of lanthanoid nanocrystals, EuO, EuS, and EuSe, are reported. In particular, the remarkable photophysical properties of nanoaggregates composed of EuS nanocrystals are presented. Photofunctional lanthanoid(III) complexes, coordination polymers, and nanocrystals are expected to open up a frontier field of materials science.
Hyperbranched Cyclotriphosphazene Polymer-grafted Graphene with Amphipathicity
Authors: Liu Chao , Yan Hongxia , Feng Shuyao , Li Tingting , Zhang Mengmeng 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Grafting of hyperbranched cyclotriphosphazene polymer (HBP) onto reduced graphene oxide (HBP-RGO) surface was achieved by the repeated reactions between the chlorine groups of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and the amino groups of hexamethylenediamine. FTIR and XPS analyses showed that hyperbranched cyclophosphazene-grafted graphene had been successfully prepared. AFM results showed that HBP-RGO had a dendritic structure as designed. TGA analysis indicated that HBP-RGO had good thermal stability. The dispersion showed that HBP-RGO is amphiphilic.
A Rubber Elastic Low-molecular-weight Organogel
Authors: Shirakawa Michihiro , Fujita Norifumi , Takada Akihiko , Shinkai Seiji 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
A low-molecular-weight gel prepared from a Cu complex of a protoporphyrin IX derivative exhibits an unusual elastic behavior as revealed by rheological studies. It possesses rubber elasticity despite the formation of LMOG by noncovalent molecular stacking. This is due to the feature of the present system that the gel fibers behave similarly to covalent polymers without bundling.
Synthesis of Aqueous-stable and Water-soluble Mononuclear Nonheme MnV–Oxo Complexes Using H2O2 as an Oxidant
Authors: Yatabe Takeshi , Kikunaga Takahiro , Matsumoto Takahiro , Nakai Hidetaka , Yoon Ki-Seok , Ogo Seiji 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
We report the synthesis of mononuclear nonheme manganese(V)–oxo complexes in aqueous acetonitrile solution from the reaction of manganese(III) complexes using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant for the first time. A crystal structure of chloro derivative of manganese(V)–oxo complex and its reactivity toward 3,5-di-tert-butyl-catechol are also reported.
On B(m)${B^{(m)}}$-difference sequence spaces using generalized means and compact operators
Authors: Maji Amit , Srivastava Parmeshwary Dayal 
Published: August 2014

Abstract.
In this paper,
sequence spaces

X
(
r
,
s
,
t
;

B

(
m
)

)

$X(r, s, t;B^{(m)})$

for

X
∈
{

l
∞

,
c
,

c
0

}

$X\in \lbrace l_\infty , c, c_0\rbrace $

are introduced by combining the generalized means and the m-th order
generalized difference operator

B

(
m
)

(
u
,
v
)

$B^{(m)}(u, v)$

. It is shown that these spaces are complete normed linear spaces and the spaces

c
0

(
r
,
s
,
t
;

B

(
m
)

)

$c_0(r, s, t; B^{(m)})$

,

c
(
r
,
s
,
t
;

B

(
m
)

)

$c(r, s, t;B^{(m)})$

have Schauder bases. Furthermore, the α-, β-, γ-duals of these spaces are computed. The necessary and sufficient conditions for some matrix transformations from

X
(
r
,
s
,
t
;

B

(
m
)

)

$X(r, s, t;B^{(m)})$

to Y, where

X
,
Y
∈
{

l
∞

,
c
,

c
0

}

$X, Y \in \lbrace l_\infty , c, c_0\rbrace $

, are also obtained. Finally, some classes of compact operators on the spaces

X
(
r
,
s
,
t
;

B

(
m
)

)

$X(r, s, t;B^{(m)})$

for

X
∈
{

l
∞

,
c
,

c
0

}

$X\in \lbrace l_\infty , c, c_0\rbrace $

are characterized by using the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness.
Alternative proofs of a formula for Bernoulli numbers in terms of Stirling numbers
Authors: Qi Feng , Guo Bai-Ni 
Published: August 2014

Abstract.
This is a corrected version of http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anly-2012-1238.
the paper,
the authors provide four alternative proofs of an explicit formula for computing Bernoulli numbers in terms of Stirling numbers of the second kind.
Towards a dialogic syntax
Authors: Du Bois John W. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper argues for the need to recognize a new order of syntactic phenomena, and for a theory of syntax capable of addressing it. Dialogic syntax encompasses the linguistic, cognitive, and interactional processes involved when speakers selectively reproduce aspects of prior utterances, and when recipients recognize the resulting parallelisms and draw inferences from them. Its most visible reflex occurs when one speaker constructs an utterance based on the immediately co-present utterance of a dialogic partner. Words, structures, and other linguistic resources invoked by the first speaker are selectively reproduced by the second. The alignment of utterances yields a pairing of patterns at varying levels of abstraction, ranging from identity of words and affixes, to parallelism of syntactic structures, to equivalence of grammatical categories and abstract features of form, meaning, and function. This mapping generates dialogic resonance, defined as the catalytic activation of affinities across utterances. The key unit of analysis is the diagraph, recognized as a higher-order, supra-sentential syntactic structure that emerges from the structural coupling of two or more utterances. Dialogic syntax goes beyond traditional linear syntax to recognize as integral to the task of syntactic analysis a new kind of structural relation that arises between otherwise independent sentences.
Normal criteria of meromorphic functions and shared functions
Authors: Wu Chun 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the normal families of meromorphic functions
concerning shared analytic functions and prove some normal
criteria that generalize or extend some results obtained by J. Ding et al. [Abstr. Appl. Anal. (2012), Art. ID 582854],
[Bull. Malays. Math. Sci. Soc. (2) 35 (2012), 449–457].
Stitching proteins into membranes, not sew simple
Authors: Whitley Paul , Mingarro Ismael 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Most integral membrane proteins located within the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells are first assembled co-translationally into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) before being sorted and trafficked to other organelles. The assembly of membrane proteins is mediated by the ER translocon, which allows passage of lumenal domains through and lateral integration of transmembrane (TM) domains into the ER membrane. It may be convenient to imagine multi-TM domain containing membrane proteins being assembled by inserting their first TM domain in the correct orientation, with subsequent TM domains inserting with alternating orientations. However a simple threading model of assembly, with sequential insertion of one TM domain into the membrane after another, does not universally stand up to scrutiny. In this article we review some of the literature illustrating the complexities of membrane protein assembly. We also present our own thoughts on aspects that we feel are poorly understood. In short we hope to convince the readers that threading of membrane proteins into membranes is ‘not sew simple’ and a topic that requires further investigation.
What vibrations tell us about GTPases
Authors: Kötting Carsten , Gerwert Klaus 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
In this review, we discuss how time-resolved Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to understand how GTP hydrolysis is catalyzed by small GTPases and their cognate GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). By interaction with small GTPases, GAPs regulate important signal transduction pathways and transport mechanisms in cells. The GTPase reaction terminates signaling and controls transport. Dysfunctions of GTP hydrolysis in these proteins are linked to serious diseases including cancer. Using FTIR, we resolved both the intrinsic and GAP-catalyzed GTPase reaction of the small GTPase Ras with high spatiotemporal resolution and atomic detail. This provided detailed insight into the order of events and how the active site is completed for catalysis. Comparisons of Ras with other small GTPases revealed conservation and variation in the catalytic mechanisms. The approach was extended to more nearly physiological conditions at a membrane. Interactions of membrane-anchored GTPases and their extraction from the membrane are studied using the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique.
Chilean Spanish version of the State Trait Cheerfulness Inventory (STCI-T-60, trait form): Individual and couple forms
Authors: Tapia-Villanueva Luis , Armijo Ivan , Pereira Ximena , Molina Maria Elisa 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe adaptation and validation of a Chilean Spanish version of the State Trait Cheerfulness Inventory (STCI-T-60) including a couple evaluation, is presented. The inventory was developed by Ruch (1990) to measure three traits (cheerfulness, seriousness, and bad mood), considered to enable exhilaration, which is the main indicator of the sense of humor experience. Ruch suggested studying basic temperamental traits and stable dispositions involved in the possibility of experiencing humor. The inventory was applied to three Chilean samples: a validation sample of 500 adults individuals, evaluated in a stratified manner considering gender, age and socio-economic level; a replication sample of 298 middle-class adults; and a couple sample of 53 middle-class couples. The results showed adequate internal consistency and solid validity of the constructs in all groups. The study contributes to research in the field of the sense of humor from local and transcultural perspectives. The validation of a couple form will contribute specifically contribute to the study of the sense of humor as a couple relational dynamic and its relations with other relational variables.
Welding of Aluminum Alloys to Steels: An Overview
Authors: Atabaki M. Mazar , Nikodinovski M. , Chenier P. , Ma J. , Harooni M. , Kovacevic R. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSince the need for the joining of dissimilar materials is increasing, the wide range of requirements of the numerous industries would lead to the development of new welding techniques or at least to improvement of the existing technologies capable of joining the components from the miniature assemblies to extremely large earth-moving vehicles. Among the different materials, iron-based alloys and aluminum-based alloys are the most significant materials that are finding applications in the various industries to offer more viable and sustainable products. However, welding of these metals has been always a kind of dilemma for the engineers. There are a certain number of methods to join these dissimilar metals but no one could establish a reliable or a sort of credible welding method for the industrial applications while quality, cost, human resources and facilities are taken into the main considerations. This paper reviews the recent works on the joining of different aluminum alloys to different steels. The effect of the joining conditions on the formation of intermetallics and microstructural development, mechanical properties and applications of the joints are discussed.
Study of ethane hydrate formation kinetics using the chemical
affinity model with and without presence of surfactants
Authors: Karimi Reza , Varaminian Farshad , Izadpanah Amir A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
In this article, we examine ethane hydrate formation kinetics with and without
the presence of various surfactants. Firstly, the influences of
stirring rate and initial pressure without the presence of surfactants are
studied. The effects of four surfactants containing Sodium dodecyl sulfate
(SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), Polyoxyethylene (20)
sorbitanmonopalmitate (Tween® 40), and TritonX-100 (TX-100)
on ethane hydrate formation kinetics were experimentally investigated. Then
the chemical affinity model is applied to model the ethane hydrate formation
kinetics with and without surfactants. The kinetic parameters of the
chemical affinity model were computed for the ethane hydrate formation with and
without surfactants. We will see that the results of the modeling are in good
agreement with the experimental data.
Long Memory and Asymmetry for Matrix-Exponential Dynamic Correlation Processes
Authors: Asai Manabu , So Mike K.P. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe propose a fractionally integrated matrix-exponential dynamic conditional correlation (FIEDCC) model to capture the asymmetric effects and long- and short-range dependence of a correlation process. We also propose employing an inverse Wishart distribution for the disturbance of a covariance structure, which gives an alternative interpretation for a multivariate
Unterliegt die Alzheimer-Erkrankung einer überzogenen Dämonisierung? Eine philosophisch-kritische Reflexion in Orientierung an Argumentationsmustern von Epikur, Lukrez und Erasmus
Authors: Knell Sebastian 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Bei vielen Menschen löst die Diagnose einer beginnenden Alzheimer-Demenz starke Ängste und ein erhebliches Maß an Verstörung aus. Aus philosophischer Sicht stellt sich die Frage, ob das extreme subjektive Leiden an der Diagnose, so prekär das Schicksal einer Demenzerkrankung fraglos ist, nicht zum Teil auch einer überzogenen Dämonisierung der Krankheit geschuldet sein könnte. Der Beitrag geht dieser Frage nach, indem er prüft, ob sich antike Argumente, die sich gegen die Dämonisierung des Todes richten, ihrer logischen Struktur nach auf die Angst vor der drohenden Lebenswirklichkeit einer Alzheimer-Erkrankung übertragen lassen. Sowohl Epikurs Argument gegen die Todesfurcht als auch das Symmetrieargument von Lukrez werden dabei eingehend analysiert. Es werden systematische Analogien und Differenzen herausgearbeitet, die sich ergeben, wenn man die Grundgedanken dieser Argumente im veränderten Kontext der Bewertung von Alzheimer zum Einsatz bringt. Der Beitrag schließt mit dem ergänzenden Versuch, im Anschluss an Erasmus von Rotterdam zwei Gesichtspunkte zu benennen, unter denen der sukzessive Abschied vom Personsein das Übel des Todes lindert.