bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between diabetes-related genetic risk scores and residual beta cell function in type 1 diabetes: the GUTDM1 study
Authors: Fuhri Snethlage Coco M. , Balvers Manon , Ferwerda Bart , Rampanelli Elena , de Groen Pleun , Roep Bart O. , Herrema Hilde , McDonald Timothy J. , van Raalte Daniël H. , Weedon Michael N. , Oram Richard A. , Nieuwdorp Max , Hanssen Nordin M. J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Use of genetic risk scores (GRS) may help to distinguish between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, but less is known about whether GRS are associated with disease severity or progression after diagnosis. Therefore, we tested whether GRS are associated with residual beta cell function and glycaemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Methods
Immunochip arrays and TOPMed were used to genotype a cross-sectional cohort (n=479, age 41.7 ± 14.9 years, duration of diabetes 16.0 years [IQR 6.0–29.0], HbA1c 55.6 ± 12.2 mmol/mol). Several GRS, which were originally developed to assess genetic risk of type 1 diabetes (GRS-1, GRS-2) and type 2 diabetes (GRS-T2D), were calculated. GRS-C1 and GRS-C2 were based on SNPs that have previously been shown to be associated with residual beta cell function. Regression models were used to investigate the association between GRS and residual beta cell function, assessed using the urinary C-peptide/creatinine ratio, and the association between GRS and continuous glucose monitor metrics.

Results
Higher GRS-1 and higher GRS-2 both showed a significant association with undetectable UCPCR (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.69, 0.89 and OR 0.84: 95% CI 0.75, 0.93, respectively), which were attenuated after correction for sex and age of onset (GRS-2) and disease duration (GRS-1). Higher GRS-C2 was associated with detectable urinary C-peptide/creatinine ratio (≥0.01 nmol/mmol) after correction for sex and age of onset (OR 6.95; 95% CI 1.19, 40.75). A higher GRS-T2D was associated with less time below range (TBR) (OR for TBR<4% 1.41; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.96) and lower glucose coefficient of variance (β −1.53; 95% CI −2.76, −0.29).

Conclusions/interpretation
Diabetes-related GRS are associated with residual beta cell function in individuals with type 1 diabetes. These findings suggest some genetic contribution to preservation of beta cell function.

Graphical Abstract
Micron-to-nanoscale investigation of Cu-Fe-Ni sulfide inclusions within laurite (Ru, Os)S2 from chromitites
Authors: González-Jiménez José María , González-Pérez Igor , Plissart Gaëlle , Ferreira Amira R. , Schettino Erwin , Yesares Lola , Schilling Manuel E. , Corgne Alexandre , Gervilla Fernando 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper provides a top-down nanoscale analysis of Cu-Ni-Fe sulfide inclusions in laurite from the Taitao ophiolite (Chile) and the Kevitsa mafic-ultramafic igneous intrusion (Finland). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveal that Cu-Ni-Fe sulfide inclusions are euhedral to (sub)-anhedral (i.e., droplet-like) and form single, biphasic or polyphasic grains, made up of different polymorphs, polytypes and polysomes even within a single sulfide crystal. Tetragonal (I4
$$\stackrel{-}{2}$$
d) and cubic (F
$$\stackrel{-}{4}$$
3m) chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) host frequent fringes of bornite (Cu5FeS4; cubic F
$$\stackrel{-}{4}$$
3m and/or orthorhombic Pbca) ± talnakhite (Cu9(Fe, Ni)8S16; cubic I
$$\stackrel{-}{4}$$
3m) ± pyrrhotite (Fe1 − xS; monoclinic C2/c polytype 4C and orthorhombic Cmca polytype 11C) ± pentlandite ((Ni, Fe)9S8; cubic Fm3m). Pentlandite hosts fringes of pyrrhotite, bornite and/or talnakhite. Laurite and Cu-Fe-Ni sulfide inclusions display coherent, semi-coherent and incoherent crystallographic orientation relationships (COR), defined by perfect edge-to-edge matching, as well as slight (2–4º) to significant (45º) lattice misfit. These COR suggest diverse mechanisms of crystal growth of Cu-Fe-Ni sulfide melt mechanically trapped by growing laurite. Meanwhile, the mutual COR within the sulfide inclusions discloses: (1) Fe-Ni-S melt solidified into MSS re-equilibrated after cooling into pyrrhotite ± pentlandite, (2) Cu-Ni-Fe-S melts crystallized into the quaternary solid solution spanning the compositional range between heazlewoodite [(Ni, Fe)3±xS2] (Hzss) and ISS [(Cu1±x, Fe1±y)S2]. Additionally, nanocrystallites (50–100 nm) of Pt-S and iridarsenite (IrAsS) accompanying the sulfide inclusions spotlight the segregation of PGE-rich sulfide and arsenide melt earlier and/or contemporarily to laurite crystallization from the silicate magmas. Cobaltite (CoAsS)-gersdorffite (NiAsS) epitaxially overgrown on laurite further supports the segregation of arsenide melts at early stages of chromitite formation.
Sexual harassment, sexual violence and subsequent depression and anxiety symptoms among Swedish university students: a cohort study
Authors: Johansson Fred , Edlund Klara , Sundgot-Borgen Jorunn , Björklund Christina , Côté Pierre , Onell Clara , Sundberg Tobias , Skillgate Eva 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the gender-specific impact of recent exposure to different forms of sexual harassment and sexual violence (SHV) on depression and anxiety symptoms three, six, and nine months later.

Methods
We recruited 2229 women and 1274 men studying at Swedish universities and followed them with web-surveys every three months over one year. We estimated mean differences (MDs) of depression and anxiety symptoms between exposed and unexposed at each follow-up, adjusting for prior SHV, prior depression and anxiety symptoms and potential confounders.

Results
For women, sexual harassment (wide subjective definition) was associated with higher symptom levels of depression (MD 1.0 [95% CI: 0.3; 1.7]) and anxiety (MD 0.8 [95% CI: 0.3; 1.4]) three months later. Unwanted sexual attention was associated with higher symptom levels of anxiety three (MD 0.5 [95% CI: 0.1; 0.8]) and six months later (MD 0.4 [95% CI: 0.0; 0.7]). Exposure to sex against ones will was associated with higher depression symptoms three (MD 1.7 [95% CI: 0.1;3.4]), and six months later (MD 3.1 [95% CI: 1.0; 5.2]). Trends indicated that associations with subsequent mental health differed between forms of SHV among women, and that most associations were more pronounced in temporal proximity to the exposures. For men, we refrain from interpreting the results since they showed high variability and were not robust to sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation to account for missing outcome data.

Conclusions
Among women, several forms of SHV were associated with higher subsequent depression and anxiety symptoms.
Preliminary experimental investigation on hemming of curved edge parts by means of incremental sheet forming
Authors: Steinfels Dennis , Reitmaier Lisa-Marie , Bailly David B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the context of versatile and environmentally friendly joining techniques, joining by forming has proven to be a very useful tool. From this category, hemming is widely used for sheet metal parts like car body panels. Still, hemming of concave and convex geometries represents a challenge for conventional hemming as well as for the more flexible roller hemming. Especially for smaller radii and greater flange lengths, these methods can reach their limits. In the present work, incremental sheet forming (ISF), a flexible forming process without dedicated tools and high formability, is utilized to implement the hemming process. Due to its local and incremental deformation characteristics, a favorable material flow in the flange area is expected, which might prevent cracking and wrinkling. Therefore, the material flow in ISF-hemming will be investigated. Closed circular specimens with radii of 50 mm and 200 mm and varying flange lengths are analyzed. Conclusions about the material flow are drawn by measuring the change in sheet thickness and elongation of the flange. The results show that, for stretch hemming, considerable thinning and elongation of the flange takes place and no cracking is detected. For shrink hemming, significant thickening of the flange and elongation in radial direction is observed, which suppresses wrinkling.
Real-world evaluation of a QCM-based biosensor for exhaled air
Authors: Juste-Dolz Augusto , Teixeira William , Pallás-Tamarit Yeray , Carballido-Fernández Mario , Carrascosa Javier , Morán-Porcar Ángela , Redón-Badenas María Ángeles , Pla-Roses María Gracia , Tirado-Balaguer María Dolores , Remolar-Quintana María José , Ortiz-Carrera Jon , Ibañez-Echevarría Ethel , Maquieira Angel , Giménez-Romero David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe biosensor, named “virusmeter” in this study, integrates quartz crystal microbalance technology with an immune-functionalized chip to distinguish between symptomatic patients with respiratory diseases and healthy individuals by analyzing exhaled air samples. Renowned for its compact design, rapidity, and noninvasive nature, this device yields results within a 5-min timeframe. Evaluated under controlled conditions with 54 hospitalized symptomatic COVID-19 patients and 128 control subjects, the biosensor demonstrated good overall sensitivity (98.15%, 95% CI 90.1–100.0) and specificity (96.87%, 95% CI 92.2–99.1). This proof-of-concept presents an innovative approach with significant potential for leveraging piezoelectric sensors to diagnose respiratory diseases.
Graphical abstract
The Role of Selection and Migration in the Evolution of (Auto)Immunity Genes
Authors: Voskarides Konstantinos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe genetic architecture of multiple sclerosis is complicated. Additionally, the disease incidence varies per population or per geographical region. A recent study gives convincing explanations about the north–south incidence gradient of multiple sclerosis in Europe, by analyzing ancient and modern human genomes. Interestingly, the evidence shows that multiple sclerosis associated immunogenetic variants underwent positive selection in Asian and European populations. Lifestyle and pathogen infections probably shaped the overall multiple sclerosis risk. These results complete the findings of previous studies that showed that a high percentage of the autoimmunity associated genetic variants are under selection pressure.
Baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT and MRI first-order breast tumor features do not improve pathological complete response prediction to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Oliveira Carla , Oliveira Francisco , Constantino Cláudia , Alves Celeste , Brito Maria José , Cardoso Fátima , Costa Durval C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To verify the ability of pretreatment [18F]FDG PET/CT and T1-weighed dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to predict pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer (BC) patients.

Methods
This retrospective study includes patients with BC of no special type submitted to baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT, NAC and surgery. [18F]FDG PET-based features reflecting intensity and heterogeneity of tracer uptake were extracted from the primary BC and suspicious axillary lymph nodes (ALN), for comparative analysis related to NAC response (pCR vs. non-pCR). Multivariate logistic regression was performed for response prediction combining the breast tumor-extracted PET-based features and clinicopathological features. A subanalysis was performed in a patients’ subsample by adding breast tumor-extracted first-order MRI-based features to the multivariate logistic regression.

Results
A total of 170 tumors from 168 patients were included. pCR was observed in 60/170 tumors (20/107 luminal B-like, 25/45 triple-negative and 15/18 HER2-enriched surrogate molecular subtypes). Higher intensity and higher heterogeneity of [18F]FDG uptake in the primary BC were associated with NAC response in HER2-negative tumors (immunohistochemistry score 0, 1 + or 2 + non-amplified by in situ hybridization). Also, higher intensity of tracer uptake was observed in ALN in the pCR group among HER2-negative tumors. No [18F]FDG PET-based features were associated with pCR in the other subgroup analyses. A subsample of 103 tumors was also submitted to extraction of MRI-based features. When combined with clinicopathological features, neither [18F]FDG PET nor MRI-based features had additional value for pCR prediction. The only significant predictors were estrogen receptor status, HER2 expression and grade.

Conclusion
Pretreatment [18F]FDG PET-based features from primary BC and ALN are not associated with response to NAC, except in HER2-negative tumors. As compared with pathological features, no breast tumor-extracted PET or MRI-based feature improved response prediction.
Zellverlust bei retinaler Ischämie ist assoziiert mit vermehrter Nekroptose
Authors: Tsai Teresa , Deppe Leonie , Dick H. Burkhard , Joachim Stephanie C. 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Retinale Ischämie spielt bei zahlreichen Augenerkrankungen wie beispielsweise dem Glaukom eine zentrale pathophysiologische Rolle. Neben der Apoptose zählen Autophagie, Nekroptose und Ferroptose zu den Zelltodmechanismen, die der Ischämie nachgeschaltet sind. Ihre Rolle ist jedoch nicht eindeutig geklärt und wird kontrovers diskutiert.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel dieser Studie ist es, ein verbessertes Verständnis über die Rolle alternativer Zelltodmechanismen wie Autophagie und Nekroptose im Tiermodell der Ischämie-Reperfusion zu erhalten. Diese Erkenntnisse könnten als Basis für einen autophagie- oder nekroptosebasierten Therapieansatz dienen.

Material und Methoden
Die retinale Ischämie wurde bei 6 bis 8 Wochen alten Ratten in einem Auge durch das vorrübergehende Erhöhen des Augeninnendrucks auf 140 mm Hg induziert (60 min), gefolgt von der Reperfusion. Das unbehandelte kontralaterale Auge diente als Kontrolle. Die Retinae wurden 7 Tage nach Ischämie-Reperfusion immunhistochemisch mit Markern für retinale Ganglienzellen (RGZ), Makroglia (GFAP) sowie einem Autophagiemarker (LAMP1) und einem Nekroptosemarker (RIPK3) untersucht (n = 6/Gruppe).

Ergebnisse
Die Ischämie-Reperfusion führte nach 7 Tagen sowohl zu einem signifikanten RGZ-Verlust (p ≤ 0,001) als auch zu einer signifikanten Zunahme der Astrozytenfläche (p = 0,026). Interessanterweise war die Anzahl autophagischer LAMP1-positiver Zellen 7 Tage nach Ischämie unverändert (p = 0,272), wohingegen die Anzahl nekroptotischer RIPK3-positiver Zellen signifikant erhöht vorlag (p ≤ 0,001).

Diskussion
Sieben Tage nach Ischämie-Reperfusion scheinen nekroptotische Prozesse aktiviert zu sein und so zum retinalen Zelltod und zur Aktivierung der Astrozyten beizutragen. Späte autophagische Prozesse sind 7 Tage nach Ischämie nicht aktiviert. Nekroptose-assoziierte Parameter könnten daher als frühzeitiger therapeutischer Ansatz nach Ischämie in Betracht gezogen werden.
Role of robot-assisted laparoscopy in deep infiltrating endometriosis with bowel involvement: a systematic review and application of the IDEAL framework
Authors: Ong Hwa Ian , Shulman Nastassia , Nugraha Patrick , Wrenn Stephen , Nally Deirdre , Peirce Colin , Mahmood Uzma , McCormick Jacob , Proud David , Warrier Satish , Fleming Christina , Mohan Helen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aims
This review aims to evaluate the feasibility of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) as an alternative to standard laparoscopic surgery (SLS) for the treatment of bowel deep-infiltrative endometriosis. Additionally, it aims to provide guidance for future study design, by gaining insight into the current state of research, in accordance with the IDEAL framework.

Method
A systematic review was conducted to identify relevant studies on RALS for bowel deep infiltrating endometriosis in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases up to August 2023 and reported in keeping with PRISMA guidelines. The study was registered with PROSPERO Registration: CRD42022308611

Results
Eleven primary studies were identified, encompassing 364 RALS patients and 83 SLS patients, from which surgical details, operative and postoperative outcomes were extracted. In the RALS group, mean operating time was longer (235 ± 112 min) than in the standard laparoscopy group (171 ± 76 min) (p < 0.01). Patients in the RALS group experienced a shorter hospital stay (5.3 ± 3.5 days vs. 7.3 ± 4.1 days) (p < 0.01), and appeared to have fewer postoperative complications compared to standard laparoscopy. Research evidence for RALS in bowel DE is at an IDEAL Stage 2B of development.

Conclusion
RALS is a safe and feasible alternative to standard laparoscopy for bowel endometriosis treatment, with a shorter overall length of stay despite longer operating times. Further robust randomized trials recommended to delineate other potential advantages of RALS.
Analysis of tumor microenvironment alterations in partially responsive rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Chen Hong , Zhang Ji-Hong , Hao Qin , Wu Xin-Lin , Guo Jia-Xing , Huang Cong-Xiu , Zhang Jun , Xing Guo-Sheng , An Zhi-Lin , Ling Yu , Zhao Jian-Guo , Bao Ying-Na 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) remains a challenge for most patients with rectal cancer. Exploring the potential of combining NCRT with immunotherapy or targeted therapy for those achieving a partial response (PR) offers a promising avenue to enhance treatment efficacy. This study investigated the impact of NCRT on the tumor microenvironment in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients who exhibited a PR.

Methods
This was a retrospective, observational study. Five patients demonstrating a PR after neoadjuvant treatment for LARC were enrolled in the study. Biopsy samples before treatment and resected specimens after treatment were stained with a panel of 26 antibodies targeting various immune and tumor-related markers, each labeled with distinct metal tags. The labeled samples were then analyzed using the Hyperion imaging system.

Results
Heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment was observed both before and after NCRT. Notably, tumor-associated macrophages, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, CD56 + natural killer cells, tumor-associated neutrophils, cytokeratin, and E-cadherin exhibited slight increase in abundance within the tumor microenvironment following treatment (change ratios = 0.78, 0.2, 0.27, 0.32, 0.17, 0.46, 0.32, respectively). Conversely, the number of CD14 + monocytes, CD19 + B cells, CD45 + CD4 + T cells, collagen I, α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and β-catenin proteins displayed significant decreases post-treatment (change ratios = 1.73, 1.92, 1.52, 1.25, 1.52, 1.12, 2.66, respectively). Meanwhile, Foxp3 + regulatory cells demonstrated no significant change (change ratio = 0.001).

Conclusions
NCRT has diverse effects on various components of the tumor microenvironment in LARC patients who achieve a PR after treatment. Leveraging combination therapies may optimize treatment outcomes in this patient population.
Increased [18F]FDG uptake in the infarcted myocardial area displayed by combined PET/CMR correlates with snRNA-seq-detected inflammatory cell invasion
Authors: Lukovic Dominika , Gyöngyösi Mariann , Pavo Imre J. , Mester-Tonczar Julia , Einzinger Patrick , Zlabinger Katrin , Kastner Nina , Spannbauer Andreas , Traxler Denise , Pavo Noemi , Goliasch Georg , Pils Dietmar , Jakab Andras , Szankai Zsuzsanna , Michel-Behnke Ina , Zhang Lu , Devaux Yvan , Graf Senta , Beitzke Dietrich , Winkler Johannes 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCombined [18F]FDG PET-cardiac MRI imaging (PET/CMR) is a useful tool to assess myocardial viability and cardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Here, we evaluated the prognostic value of PET/CMR in a porcine closed-chest reperfused AMI (rAMI) model. Late gadolinium enhancement by PET/CMR imaging displayed tracer uptake defect at the infarction site by 3 days after the rAMI in the majority of the animals (group Match, n = 28). Increased [18F]FDG uptake at the infarcted area (metabolism/contractility mismatch) with reduced tracer uptake in the remote viable myocardium (group Mismatch, n = 12) 3 days after rAMI was observed in the animals with larger infarct size and worse left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (34 ± 8.7 vs 42.0 ± 5.2%), with lower LVEF also at the 1-month follow-up (35.8 ± 9.5 vs 43.0 ± 6.3%). Transcriptome analyses by bulk and single-nuclei RNA sequencing of the infarcted myocardium and border zones (n = 3 of each group, and 3 sham-operated controls) revealed a strong inflammatory response with infiltration of monocytes and macrophages in the infarcted and border areas in Mismatch animals. Our data indicate a high prognostic relevance of combined PET/MRI in the subacute phase of rAMI for subsequent impairment of heart function and underline the adverse effects of an excessive activation of the innate immune system in the initial phase after rAMI.
Clinical characteristics and perinatal outcome of fetuses with ventriculomegaly
Authors: Davutoglu Ebru Alici , Arica Gorkem , Sahin Nazli Ece , Ucar Ayse Kalyoncu , Adaletli Ibrahim , Vural Zekeriyya Mehmet , Madazli Riza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the incidence of associated structural anomalies, chromosomal/genetic abnormalities, infections, and perinatal outcomes of fetuses with ventriculomegaly (VM), also to evaluate the role of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting associated intracranial anomalies.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of 149 prenatally diagnosed pregnancies with fetal VM. VM was classified as mild (Vp = 10–12 mm), moderate (Vp = 12.1–15 mm), and severe (Vp > 15 mm). Fetal MRI was performed to 97 pregnancies.

Results
The incidences of an associated CNS, non-CNS, chromosomal anomaly, genetic abnormality and fetal infection were 42.3%, 11.4%, 6.1%, 2.1% and 1.3%, respectively. Fetal MRI identified additional CNS anomalies in 6.7% of cases, particularly in severe VM. The incidences of perinatal outcomes were 18.8% termination of pregnancy, 4% intrauterine and 8.1% neonatal or infant death. The rates of fetuses alive at > 12 months of age with neurological morbidity were 2.6%, 11.1% and 76.9% for mild, moderate and severe isolated VM, respectively.

Conclusion
The prognosis of fetuses with VM mostly depends on the severity and the associated anomalies. Mild to moderate isolated VM generally have favorable outcomes. Fetal MRI is particularly valuable in fetuses with isolated severe VM.