bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On oriented m $m$‐semiregular representations of finite groups
Authors: Du Jia‐Li , Feng Yan‐Quan , Bang Sejeong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA finite group admits an oriented regular representation if there exists a Cayley digraph of such that it has no digons and its automorphism group is isomorphic to . Let be a positive integer. In this paper, we extend the notion of oriented regular representations to oriented ‐semiregular representations using ‐Cayley digraphs. Given a finite group , an ‐Cayley digraph of is a digraph that has a group of automorphisms isomorphic to acting semiregularly on the vertex set with orbits. We say that a finite group admits an oriented ‐semiregular representation (OSR for short) if there exists an ‐Cayley digraph of such that it has no digons and is isomorphic to its automorphism group. Moreover, if is regular, that is, each vertex has the same in‐ and out‐valency, we say is a regular oriented ‐semiregular representation (regular OSR for short) of . In this paper, we classify finite groups admitting a regular OSR or an OSR for each positive integer .
Novel ferrocene cyclopalladated compounds: Synthesis, and in‐vitro antitumor activity study
Authors: Zou Yajun , Lu Xiangyu , Zhang Xiaoyu , Zhao Gang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetal complexes have a significant impact on the treatment of human cancer. However, the scarcity of these compounds, resulting from their limited synthesis, hinders the comprehensive investigation of their anticancer mechanisms. Organic palladium compounds, known for their distinctive stability and properties, are thus an essential area of research in the development of anti‐tumor therapy. In our study, we synthesized two novel ferrocene cyclopalladated compounds (C2 and C4). Its configuration was thoroughly characterized by employing 1H, 13C NMR, ESI‐MS, and elemental analysis techniques. The molecular structures were determined by X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction. In an in vitro anticancer study, it was observed that both C2 and C4 exhibited excellent suppression of viability in various tumor cell lines. These compounds showed better potency than cisplatin and demonstrated lower toxicity in normal cells. Particularly, C4 displayed approximately 22 times greater potency than cisplatin in suppressing melanoma cells (B16F10). Our study suggests that ferrocene cyclopalladated compounds have the potential to be promising candidates for the development of innovative anticancer drugs.
Assessing age of onset and clinical symptoms over time in patients with heterozygous pathogenic DHDDS variants
Authors: Muffels I. J. J. , Sadek M. , Kozicz T. , Morava E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMono‐allelic DHDDS variants are associated with seizures, intellectual disability, and movement disorders. The age of onset and progression rates of symptoms vary greatly among patients, spanning from infancy to late adulthood. Yet, the reasons behind this clinical variability and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease have remained elusive. We investigated the age of onset and the progression of symptoms over time in 59 patients with heterozygous DHDDS variants, drawing from medical literature and incorporating five previously unreported cases from the FCDGC Natural History Study. Clinical symptoms typically emerged early in life. Ataxia, tremor, dystonia, and dyskinesia manifested slightly later in childhood. Global developmental delay usually presented as the initial symptom. We observed diverse rates of symptom accumulation over time: some patients exhibited the full spectrum of symptoms in early childhood, while others developed novel symptoms well into adulthood. Interestingly, neither the sex nor the underlying DHDDS variants correlated with the age of symptom onset or specific clinical symptoms. Additionally, we found that 19% of patients presented with autism spectrum disorder. This study offers insight into the age of symptom onset and the rate of symptom accumulation in patients with DHDDS variants. We found no correlation between the age of onset and progression of clinical symptoms with specific DHDDS variants or patient sex. Autism spectrum disorder is common in patients and warrants attention in clinical management.
Postoperative decrease in Hounsfield unit values at adjacent vertebrae after thoraco‐pelvic fusion as a risk factor of proximal junctional kyphosis
Authors: Tsuchiya Koki , Okano Ichiro , Dodo Yusuke , Hayakawa Chikara , Yamamura Ryo , Maruyama Hiroshi , Yasukawa Taiki , Shirahata Toshiyuki , Kudo Yoshifumi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProximal junctional kyphosis and failure is a common complication of adult spinal deformity surgery, with osteoporosis as a risk factor. This retrospective study investigated the influence of long thoracolumbar fusion with pelvic fixation on regional bone density of adjacent vertebrae (Hounsfield units on computed tomography) and evaluated the association between bone loss and the incidence of proximal junctional kyphosis and failure. Patients who underwent long thoracolumbar fusion (pelvis to T10 or above) or single‐level posterior lumbar interbody fusion (control group) between 2016 and 2022 were recruited. Routine computed tomography preoperatively and within 1–2 weeks postoperatively was performed. Postoperative changes in Hounsfield unit values in the vertebrae at one and two levels above the uppermost instrumented vertebrae (UIV + 1 and UIV + 2) were evaluated. Overall, 127 patients were recruited: 45 long fusion (age, 73.9 ± 5.6 years) and 82 proximal junctional kyphosis and failure (age, 72.5 ± 9.3 years). Postoperative computed tomography was performed at a median [interquartile range] of 3.0 [1.0–7.0] and 4.0 [1.0–7.0] days, respectively. In both groups, Hounsfield unit values at UIV + 2 were significantly decreased postoperatively. In the long‐fusion group, Hounsfield unit values at UIV + 1 and UIV + 2 were significantly lower in patients with proximal junctional kyphosis and failure (within 18 months postoperatively) than in those without proximal junctional kyphosis and failure. Proximal junctional kyphosis and failure and long thoraco‐pelvic fusion negatively affect regional Hounsfield unit values at adjacent levels immediately after surgery. Patients with subsequent proximal junctional kyphosis and failure show greater postoperative bone loss at adjacent levels than those without.
A novel cellobiose 2‐epimerase from anaerobic halophilic Iocasia fonsfrigidae and its ability to convert lactose in fresh goat milk into epilactose
Authors: Eat Sokhoeun , Wulansari Shinta , Ketbot Prattana , Waeonukul Rattiya , Pason Patthra , Uke Ayaka , Kosugi Akihiko , Ratanakhanokchai Khanok , Tachaapaikoon Chakrit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDCellobiose 2‐epimerase (CE) has received great attention due to its potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a novel CE from mesophilic anaerobic halophilic bacterium Iocasia fonsfrigidae strain SP3‐1 (IfCE) was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and characterized.RESULTSUnlike other CEs, the purified IfCE shows only epimerization activity toward β‐1,4‐glycosidic linkages of disaccharides, including mannobiose, cellobiose and lactose, but not for monosaccharides, β‐1,4‐glycosidic linkages of trisaccharides and α‐1,4‐glycosidic linkages of disaccharides. Only one epimerization product was obtained from the action of IfCE against mannobiose, cellobiose and lactose. Under optimum conditions, 31.0% of epilactose, a rare and low‐calorie prebiotic sweetener with medicinal and pharmacological properties, was obtained from 10 mg mL−1 lactose. IfCE was highly active against lactose under NaCl concentrations up to 500 mmol L−1, possibly due to the excessive basic (arginine and lysine) and acidic (aspartic and glutamic acids) amino acid residues, which are localized on the surface of the halophilic enzyme structure. These residues may protect the enzyme from Cl− and Na+ ions from the environment, respectively. Under normal conditions, IfCE was able to convert lactose present in fresh goat milk to epilactose with a conversion yield of 31% in 10 min. In addition, IfCE has been investigated as a safe enzyme for human allergen.CONCLUSIONThe results suggested that IfCE is a promising candidate to increase the quality and value of milk and dairy products by converting lactose that causes digestive problems in people with lactose intolerance into epilactose. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Bidirectional associations between prolonged grief symptoms and depressive, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms: A systematic review
Authors: Janshen Antje , Eisma Maarten C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProlonged grief symptoms frequently co‐occur with symptoms of depression, posttraumatic stress, and anxiety; however, little is known about how prolonged grief symptoms temporally relate to symptoms of neighboring stress‐related and affective disorders. Clarifying such associations can help elucidate which symptoms to prioritize during treatment for distressed bereaved adults. We conducted a systematic review to provide a comprehensive overview of the empirical research on the bidirectional temporal associations between prolonged grief symptoms and symptoms of depression, posttraumatic stress, and anxiety. A search of the PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases (final search: December 2023) identified eight relevant empirical longitudinal studies utilizing lower‐level mediation (two studies), cross‐lagged panel modeling (CLPM; four studies), or random‐intercept CLPM (RI‐CLPM; two studies). The studies included a total of 2,914 bereaved adult participants. Studies showed considerable methodological heterogeneity, including different sample characteristics, study designs (e.g., measurement moments, time frames), statistical analyses, and measures. Temporal associations between prolonged grief symptoms and different types of symptoms appeared intertwined. Prolonged grief symptoms more consistently predicted symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress across measurement waves than vice versa, tentatively suggesting that prolonged grief may be a transdiagnostic risk factor for depressive and PTS symptoms. However, this pattern was not observed in the two studies utilizing RI‐CLPM. Future research should aim to decrease methodological heterogeneity by using validated measures to capture prolonged grief symptoms, appropriate timeframes, and RI‐CLPM to clarify associations between temporal within‐person fluctuations of prolonged grief, depressive, posttraumatic stress, and anxiety symptoms.
Forward and reverse uncertainty analyses for RRKM/master equation based kinetic predictions: A case study of ethyl with oxygen
Authors: Hou Qifeng , Wang Yiru , Yao Xiaoxia , Zhu Yifei , Wu Xiaoqing , Huang Can , Wu Yun , Yang Bin , Zhang Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the realm of combustion kinetic modeling, the norm involves employing thousands of reactions to delineate the chemical conversion of hundreds of species. Notably, theoretically predicted rate coefficients and branching ratios, derived through the RRKM/master equation (ME) model, play an increasing role in kinetic modeling. Thus minimizing the uncertainty of theoretical prediction across wide working conditions is crucial to refine a kinetic model. The present study takes ethyl (C2H5) + oxygen (O2) reaction system to show that combined forward and reverse uncertainty analysis can be used to further constrain calculated rate coefficients and branching ratios, which were already calculated by high‐level quantum chemistry methods. Forward global uncertainty analysis with the artificial neural network‐high dimensional model representation (ANN‐HDMR) method is employed to select key parameters affecting total rate coefficients of C2H5 + O2 and branching ratios of C2H5 + O2 = C2H4 + HO2 (C1). Reverse uncertainty analysis with Bayesian method was then applied to refine the key input parameters based on experimental data at working conditions selected by sensitivity entropy. Although the target RRKM/ME model system was built on high level theoretical calculations, the combined forward and reverse uncertainty analyses are still able to reduce uncertainties of predicted total rate coefficients of C2H5 + O2 and branching ratios for C1 across a wide range of working conditions. Specifically, the uncertainties of total rate coefficient and C1 branching ratio have been reduced from 1.46 and 1.52 to 1.30 and 1.36 at 298 K and 1 Torr. The analysis process proposed in the present work effectively extrapolates the constraint ability of accurate measured data at one condition to wide working conditions based on the RRKM/ME model.
Total alkalinity change: The perspective of phytoplankton stoichiometry
Authors: Wolf‐Gladrow Dieter A. , Klaas Christine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMany biogeochemical processes change total alkalinity: this has been reported for carbonate precipitation and dissolution, uptake and release of various nitrogen‐containing compounds, uptake of phosphate, sulfate reduction combined with methane oxidation. However, the list is not exhaustive. Here we discuss additional processes, namely the uptake of Mg, K, Ca by phytoplankton, and calculate their contribution based on the explicit conservative expression for TA and an extended (compared to Redfield's C : N : P) stoichiometry of phytoplankton. These additional contributions are of the same order of magnitude as that of phosphate uptake and thus much smaller than the contribution from nitrate uptake and of opposite sign to the contribution by nitrate and phosphate uptake.
Meta‐Optics Based Parallel Convolutional Processing for Neural Network Accelerator
Authors: Luo Mingcheng , Xu Tengji , Xiao Shuqi , Tsang Hon Ki , Shu Chester , Huang Chaoran 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConvolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown great performance in computer vision tasks, from image classification to pattern recognition. However, superior performance arises at the expense of high computational costs, which restricts their employment in real‐time decision‐making applications. Computationally intensive convolutions can be offloaded to optical metasurfaces, enabling sub‐picosecond latency and nearly zero energy consumption, but the currently reported approaches require additional bulk optics and can only process polarized light, which limits their practical usages in integrated lightweight systems. To solve these challenges, a novel design of the metasurface‐based optical convolutional accelerator is experimentally demonstrated, offering an ultra‐compact volume of 0.016 , a low cross‐talk of ‐20 dB, polarization insensitivity, and is capable of implementing multiple convolution operations and extracting simultaneously various features from light‐encoded images. The ultra‐compact metasurface‐based optical accelerator can be compactly integrated with a digital imaging system to constitute an optical‐electronic hybrid CNN, which experimentally achieves a consistent accuracy of 96 % in arbitrarily polarized MNIST digits classification. The proposed ultra‐compact metasurface‐based optical convolutional accelerator paves the way for power‐efficient edge‐computing platforms for a range of machine vision applications.
Pyro‐Phototronic Circularly Polarized Light Detection Based on Deuterated L‐Alanine Doped Triglycine Sulfate's Bulk Photovoltaic Effect
Authors: Liu Changrui , Yang Tiefeng , Xie Manyan , He Zhigang , Xie Hanrong , Wei Yuming , Geng Deqiang , Guan Heyuan , Lu Huihui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, a detector is developed using deuterated L‐alanine doped triglycine sulfate (DLATGS) crystals capable of detecting circularly polarized light (CPL) and various polarization states. As a primary pyroelectric detection crystal, DLATGS has exhibited notable optical responses to both linearly and circularly polarized light during the tests, demonstrating a favorable polarization ratio of 3.86 and an anisotropic factor of 0.529. The research discovers the broad‐spectrum bulk photovoltaic (BPVE) characteristics in DLATGS, highlighting its potential for CPL detection. By integrating linear and circular bulk photovoltaic effect theories (LBPV and CBPV), the crystal's ability to differentiate between various polarization modes, including left‐/right‐handed polarized light, is confirmed. The BPVE and pyro‐phototronic coupling responses is characterized, laying a theoretical foundation for a rare pyroelectric effect‐based multifunctional polarization detector. The overall consistency of phenomena and theoretical framework bridges the gap between theoretical predictions and experimental validation. This work not only advances the understanding of DLATGS crystals but also sets the stage for further exploration into chiral materials and the development of TGS‐type crystals in future photoelectronic detectors.
Influence of Molecular Weight and Composition of Homopolymers on the Stereocomplex Formation of Polylactides in Gels and Aerogels
Authors: Krishnan Vipin G. , Suresh Sruthi , Nasik Muhammed , Gowd Erathimmanna Bhoje 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work systematically studies the role of polymer chain length and number density of enantiomeric polylactides (PLAs) in the gel state stereocomplex (SC) formation and the corresponding effect on the structure and morphology of aerogels. Poly(l‐lactide) (PLLA) and poly(d‐lactide) (PDLA) with large molecular weight (Mw) differences are blended in the solution state and subjected to thermoreversible gelation. The obtained gels are solvent exchanged with water and freeze‐dried to obtain the corresponding aerogels. On gelation, the equimolar blend gels of PLLA100k/PDLA35k and PLLA100k/PDLA15 (1:1) have crystallized predominantly into SC, and this structure remains even after the thermal annealing and cooling of the gel. In contrast, the non‐equimolar blends of PLLA100k/PDLA35k (1:3) and PLLA100k/PDLA15k (1:7) crystallize into almost equal fractions of SC and ε‐form. This structure on heating transforms to complete SC through the α crystalline phase. But unlike the equimolar gel, pure crystalline SC is not obtained on cooling the annealed gel to room temperature. Instead, a mixture of α and SC phases are obtained due to the independent crystallization of the excess enantiomeric chains. Thus, it has been proved that the composition of PLLA and PDLA in the blend is critical in obtaining crystalline pure SC gels and aerogels.
Estimation of Microplastics Emitted by Bucharest Households in Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Dontu Simona , Popa Cristina L. , Carstea Elfrida M. , Savastru Dan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWastewater treatment plants release substantial amounts of microplastics (MPs) into the environment. Various models and scenarios have been developed to estimate the sources and concentrations of MPs released by effluents. However, no model has included wastewater from washing machines. This study aims to estimate, in three scenarios, the number of MPs that are released by Bucharest households into the municipal wastewater treatment plant. The highest number of MPs has been estimated to be emitted by washing machines from synthetic clothing. From the category of cosmetics, the highest number of particles per year is potentially generated by face and hand creams. It has been estimated that the effluent of the wastewater treatment plant contains 48–4251 MP L−1 for the three proposed scenarios. The study shows that the population of Bucharest can generate high numbers of MPs, even in the minimum scenario. However, the use of MPs is expected to decrease, due to implementation of European Union policies, responsible consumer behavior, effective plastic waste management, and improved detection and separation technologies.
Release of Fluorescent Organic Matter by Polystyrene in Aquatic Systems
Authors: Carstea Elfrida M. , Popa Cristina L. , Dontu Simona I. , Savastru Dan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolystyrene has been extensively used in various industries and consumer products, leading to high quantities of waste. In areas with improper waste management, plastic products reach water systems. Various substances can migrate from plastics into water and become part of a fraction, generically named fluorescent dissolved organic matter. The aim of this study is to determine the level of fluorescent organic matter that leaches from polystyrene into lake water samples, which have a relatively high natural organic matter content. Thus, coffee cup lids have been added to triplicate water samples and compared to a control sample, over a period of 3 weeks. Results show that fluorescent substances migrate from plastic into lake water samples. Styrene oligomers, toluene, and phenol derivates have been proposed as substances that potentially leach from polystyrene products. These compounds may have an impact on fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter, by potentially inhibiting the microbial activity in water or by forming complex compounds.
Influence of Plastic on Particle Size Distribution in Aquatic Systems
Authors: Popa Cristina L. , Carstea Elfrida M. , Dontu Simona I. , Tenciu Daniel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlastic materials are used in various domains, such as constructions, textile, or medical applications, due to their durability and versatility. Despite plastics contribution to human wellbeing, these materials can also have a negative impact on ecosystems, leading to water pollution and loss of aquatic life. However, no study has been made, so far, to determine the impact of plastic products on natural particle size distribution in water systems. The aim of this study is to evaluate if plastic affects aquatic particulate matter of different size ranges, from 0.3 to 16 000 nm. Three types of plastics (polystyrene [PS], polypropylene [PP], and low‐density polyethylene [LDPE]) have been added to lake water samples and incubated for nine months at room temperature. Results show that the average particle size increases toward the end of the experiment indicating that small particles (<1200 nm) adhere to plastic surfaces, while medium and large particles sediment in the water sample. Also, substances migrating from plastic may alter the aggregating properties of particles. However, the influence may be less substantial in the environment, as plastic types and concentrations differ. Moreover, more studies are needed to establish additional implications in relation to bacterial communities, transport of pollutants, or chemical composition.
Calculation of the Steering Moment of Friction for Military Training Aircraft
Authors: Nicolin Bogdan Adrian , Nicolin Ilie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCalculating the steering moment of friction at the nose landing gear wheel of the military training aircraft, using calculus programs such as Mathcad, allows practical experience to be retained, and encourages its dissemination for similar calculations in the future. Two methods are presented: an empirical, but very fast method, and an analytical as highly accurate method. The aim of this calculation is to dimension the active moment developed by the steering actuators so that it is at least 1.5 times the calculated resisting moment opposing the steering action. The total steering moment of friction at the nose landing gear wheel is generated by the frictional forces between the wheel and the running way.