bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in association with an Aeromonas sobria infection of Carassius carassius (L.), in Italy
Authors: Fichi G , Cardeti G , Cocumelli C , Vendramin N , Toffan A , Eleni C , Siemoni N , Fischetti R , Susini F 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSixteen specimens of female crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.), during the breeding season, were investigated for post‐mortem and full diagnostic examination during a mortality outbreak in a tributary stream of the Arno River in Tuscany in 2011. Necropsy highlighted the presence of a swollen anus and widespread haemorrhages in the body, fins, gills and eyes. Haemorrhages in internal organs and spleen granulomas were also observed. Bacteria isolated from the brain, kidney and spleen of affected fish were identified as A. sobria. Microscopic lesions observed in gills were characterized by necrosis of the secondary lamellae, congestion and multifocal lamellar fusion. The kidney showed necrosis, oedema, fibrin exudation and areas of haemorrhages, while in the spleen the main lesions were by multifocal necrosis of the lymphoid tissue. In the gills, transmission electron microscopy revealed herpesvirus‐like particles, subsequently identified as Cyprinid herpesvirus‐2 (CyHV‐2) with a nested PCR protocol. Although it was not possible to attribute a pathogenic role to CyHV‐2 in this mortality event, the identification of this herpesvirus in crucian carp increases the concern about its potential role in this species.
Efficacy of bath and orally administered praziquantel and fenbendazole against Lepidotrema bidyana Murray, a monogenean parasite of silver perch, Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell)
Authors: Forwood J M , Harris J O , Deveney M R 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe investigated the efficacy of praziquantel (PZQ) and fenbendazole (FBZ), each administered by bath and orally, against the monogenean Lepidotrema bidyana Murray, a gill parasite of the freshwater fish silver perch, Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell). PZQ and FBZ were each administered by bath at 10 mg L−1 for 48 h and on surface‐coated feed pellets at 75 mg kg−1 per body weight (BW) per day for 6 days. Bath treatments of PZQ and FBZ had an efficacy of 99% and 91%, respectively, against adult L. bidyana. Oral treatments of PZQ and FBZ had an efficacy of 79% and 95%, respectively, against adult L. bidyana. Fish rejected feed pellets surface‐coated with PZQ, suggesting that palatability of surface‐coated PZQ‐medicated feed is poor, which undermined efficacy. In all trials, some juvenile parasites were present on fish after treatment during efficacy assessment, indicating that efficacy may be lower against juvenile parasites or that recruitment occurred post‐treatment, demonstrating that repeat treatments are necessary to effectively control L. bidyana in aquaculture.
Multicenter comparison of double‐balloon enteroscopy and spiral enteroscopy
Authors: Rahmi Gabriel , Samaha Elia , Vahedi Kouroche , Ponchon Thierry , Fumex Fabien , Filoche Bernard , Gay Gerard , Delvaux Michel , Lorenceau‐Savale Camille , Malamut Georgia , Canard Jean‐Marc , Chatellier Gilles , Cellier Christophe 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimSpiral enteroscopy is a novel technique for small bowel exploration. The aim of this study is to compare double‐balloon and spiral enteroscopy in patients with suspected small bowel lesions.MethodsPatients with suspected small bowel lesion diagnosed by capsule endoscopy were prospectively included between September 2009 and December 2010 in five tertiary‐care academic medical centers.ResultsAfter capsule endoscopy, 191 double‐balloon enteroscopy and 50 spiral enteroscopies were performed. Indications were obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in 194 (80%) of cases. Lesions detected by capsule endoscopy were mainly angioectasia. Double‐balloon and spiral enteroscopy resulted in finding one or more lesions in 70% and 75% of cases, respectively. The mean diagnosis procedure time and the average small bowel explored length during double‐balloon and spiral enteroscopy were, respectively, 60 min (45–80) and 55 min (45–80) (P = 0.74), and 200 cm (150–300) and 220 cm (200–300) (P = 0.13). Treatment during double‐balloon and spiral enteroscopy was possible in 66% and 70% of cases, respectively. There was no significant major procedure‐related complication.ConclusionSpiral enteroscopy appears as safe as double‐balloon enteroscopy for small bowel exploration with a similar diagnostic and therapeutic yield. Comparison between the two procedures in terms of duration and length of small bowel explored is slightly in favor of spiral enteroscopy but not significantly.
Diabetes is an independent risk factor for peptic ulcer bleeding: A nationwide population‐based cohort study
Authors: Peng Yen‐Ling , Leu Hsin‐Bang , Luo Jiing‐Chyuan , Huang Chin‐Chou , Hou Ming‐Chih , Lin Han‐Chieh , Lee Fa‐Yauh 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimsDiabetic patients reportedly have a higher incidence of peptic ulcer disease. The aim of this study was to investigate if type II diabetic patients have higher risk of developing peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) and to identify possible risk factors of PUB in diabetic patients.MethodsUsing the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, records of 5699 type II diabetic patients and 11 226 age‐ and sex‐matched non‐diabetic patients in a 1:2 ratio were extracted for comparison from a cohort dataset of 1 000 000 randomly sampled subjects. Log‐rank test was used to analyze differences in cumulative hazard of PUB between the two groups. Cox proportional hazard regressions were used to evaluate independent risk factors for PUB in all patients and identified risk factors of PUB in type II diabetic patients.ResultsIn a 7‐year follow‐up period, type II diabetic patients had significantly higher cumulative hazard of PUB than the controls (P < 0.001, log‐rank test). By Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, diabetes was independently associated with increased risk of PUB (hazard ratio 1.44, 95% confidence interval 1.11–1.86; P < 0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities (e.g. hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, chronic renal disease, cirrhosis, and peptic ulcer disease), and ulcerogenic medication. Age, chronic renal disease, history of peptic ulcer disease, and use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs were risk factors for PUB in diabetic patients.ConclusionsType II diabetic patients have significantly higher risk of PUB even after adjustments for possible confounding factors like age, sex, underlying comorbidities, and ulcerogenic medication.
Endoscopic sphincterotomy plus balloon dilation versus endoscopic sphincterotomy for choledocholithiasis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Yangyang , Su Peizhu , Lin Yinghao , Lin Siheng , Xiao Kun , Chen Pingyan , An Shengli , Bai Yang , Zhi Fachao 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimEndoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) alone and EST combined with balloon dilation (ESBD) are important endoscopic techniques for stone extraction. We were to conduct a meta‐analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of ESBD and EST.MethodsMeta‐analysis was performed respectively on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized studies comparing the efficacy and safety of ESBD and EST.ResultsThe results of three RCTs showed that stone removal in first session (relative risk [RR] 1.01, 0.92–1.11, P = 0.85) and the utility of endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy (EML) (RR 0.78, 0.49–1.23, P = 0.29) were equivalent between ESBD and EST. ESBD has equivalent complications (RR 0.61, 0.17–2.25, P = 0.46) and post‐ERCP pancreatitis (Peto odds ratio [OR] 1.11, 0.37–3.35, P = 0.86), but less bleeding (Peto OR 0.10, 0.03–0.30, P < 0.0001). The analysis of six retrospective studies suggested higher initial success in stone removal (RR 1.11, 1.02–1.20, P = 0.01) and less EML (RR 0.32, 0.22–0.46, P < 0.00001) in ESBD group. Less complications (RR 0.60, 0.44–0.83, P = 0.02) happened in ESBD group, but equivalent post‐ERCP pancreatitis (Peto OR 0.65, 0.37–1.15, P = 0.14) and bleeding (Peto OR 0.60, 0.29–1.26, P = 0.18). For patients with stones ≥ 15 mm, ESBD required less EML (RR 0.35, 0.24–0.51, P < 0.00001) and caused fewer complications (RR 0.67, 0.38–0.92, P = 0.02).ConclusionsESBD is feasible for the treatment of choledocholithiasis without increased risk of complications, causing less bleeding. However, it warrants more clinical trials to compare the efficacy and safety of ESBD and EST.
Characterization and Mapping of a Salt‐Sensitive Mutant in Rice (Oryza sativaL.)
Authors: Zhou Jingwei , Wang Fuzheng , Deng Ping , Jing Wen , Zhang Wenhua 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA salt‐sensitive mutant designatedrice salt sensitive 2(rss2) was isolated from the M2generation of the rice cultivar Nipponbare mutagenized with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). This mutant exhibited a greater decrease in salt tolerance with a significant increase in Na+content in its shoots. Genetic analysis indicated that the increase in Na+inrss2was controlled by a single recessive gene. Further genome‐wide analysis of the linkage map constructed from the F2population ofrss2/Zhaiyeqing 8 (ZYQ8) showed that two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1 and 6 were responsible for the Na+concentration in shoots, which explained 14.5% and 53.3%, respectively, of the phenotypic variance. The locus on chromosome 1, but not that on chromosome 6, was also detected in the F2population of Nipponbare/ZYQ8, suggesting that the QTL on chromosome 6 was responsible for the salt sensitivity inrss2. By analyzing the recombination events in 220 mutant individuals of an enlarged mapping population ofrss2/ZYQ8, therss2locus was precisely mapped to an interval of 605.3 kb between insertion/deletion (InDel) markers IM21962 and IM22567. This finding will facilitate the cloning of therss2locus and provide insight into the physiological mechanisms of salt sensitivity in rice.
The impact of an empowering Internet‐based Breast Cancer Patient Pathway program on breast cancer patients' clinical outcomes: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ryhänen Anne M , Rankinen Sirkku , Siekkinen Mervi , Saarinen Maiju , Korvenranta Heikki , Leino‐Kilpi Helena 
Published: March 2013

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the effect of the Breast Cancer Patient Pathway program on breast cancer patient's empowerment process.BackgroundThe results of earlier studies indicate that the use of tailored Internet‐based patient education programs increased patient's knowledge level; however, other outcome measures differed.DesignThis randomised control trial studied the effect of the Internet‐based patient educational program on breast cancer patients' empowerment. In this study, we measured the quality of life, anxiety and managing with treatment‐related side effects as the outcomes of breast cancer patients' empowering process.MethodsBreast cancer patients who were Internet users in one Finnish university hospital during 2008–2010 were randomised to the control group (n = 43) and the intervention group (n = 47). Baseline data were collected first in the hospital and the following data seven times during the treatment process, the last time one year after breast cancer diagnosis.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the quality of life, anxiety or side effects of treatment between the groups. The amount of treatment‐related side effects was connected to both physical and psychological well‐being.ConclusionsIn this study, the Breast Cancer Patient Pathway program did not decrease anxiety level or treatment‐related side effects among breast cancer patients or improve subscales of quality of life when compared with controls.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is a need to relieve the side effects caused by patients' care with the help of patient education. Internet‐based patient education programs need more focus when developing new patient education methods.
Anxiety and depression in parents of sick neonates: a hospital‐based study
Authors: Kong Li‐Ping , Cui Yan , Qiu Yu‐Fang , Han Shu‐Ping , Yu Zhang‐Bin , Guo Xi‐Rong 
Published: March 2013

Aims and objectivesTo investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in parents of hospitalised neonates and to analyse their relationship with other factors such as stress and social support, to provide evidence for targeted clinical interventions.BackgroundThe perinatal period, a special susceptibility to negative emotions, is a period that women and their spouses have to face. In this time, the fact that the neonates have to be hospitalised is no doubt a huge psychological stress to their parents. Little understanding of the hospitalisation environment, lacking awareness of neonatal diseases as well as concerns about the neonates' safety, can easily lead to negative emotions in parents. Under the influence of negative mood, parents could become irritable and vulnerable, which may do harm to their physical and mental health, impact family harmony and even result in ineffective communication with doctors, affecting the care of neonates.DesignThis study applied a cross‐sectional study design.MethodsThe psychological status of 600 parents (400 fathers and 200 mothers) was assessed in the first week of the hospitalisation of neonates, using the Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale, Self‐Rating Depressive Scale, Social Support Rating Scale and Perceived Stress Scale.ResultsThe results of the cross‐sectional survey showed that 20% of fathers and 24% of mothers had symptoms of anxiety, while 30·8% of fathers and 35% of mothers had depressive symptoms. The total scores for anxiety and depression in these parents were significantly higher than the normal population (p < 0·01). The level of social support and perceived stress were the most important factors relating to parental anxiety and depression.ConclusionParents of hospitalised neonates are more prone to suffer from negative emotions than normal population. Anxiety and depression are common emotions in these parents. However, the social support they receive is far from satisfactory, so timely and effective nursing interventions are essential.Relevance to clinical practiceHealth professionals should understand the mental health of parents with hospitalised neonates and take measures to reduce their psychological pressure so as to improve their care of the neonates, and help to maintain the harmony and stability of families and the whole society.
Effectiveness of a nurse‐led intensive educational programme on chronic kidney failure patients with hyperphosphataemia: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shi Yue‐Xian , Fan Xiao‐Yan , Han Hui‐Juan , Wu Qiu‐Xia , Di Hong‐Jun , Hou Ya‐Hong , Zhao Yue 
Published: March 2013

Aims and objectivesTo prospectively evaluate the effects of a nurse‐led educational intervention on the management of hyperphosphataemia as well as knowledge of phosphate among patients with end‐stage renal disease.BackgroundHaemodialysis and phosphate binder therapy are the major methods used to reduce the phosphate level in dialysis patients. However, patient education related to hyperphosphataemia, diet and phosphate binders may be another important factor associated with the success of the control of the hyperphosphataemia.DesignThis prospective randomised controlled trial was conducted during the period from June 2009–March 2011 at the HD units of two hospitals in Tianjin, China.MethodsA total of 80 participants were randomly assigned to experimental group (n = 40) and control group (n = 40). Participants in the experimental group received the nurse‐led intensive educational programme, including individualised education and educational session about diet and medicine regimes, etc., while participants in the control group received the routine guidance.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences between the study groups in decline in serum phosphorus and calcium–phosphorus product levels and improvement in patients' general knowledge three months postintervention, and these differences sustained until the end of the study. Increased serum calcium level was observed both in the experimental group and in the control group, but there was no significant difference between groups. No statistical significance was found regarding serum albumin level between the groups. No significant difference in the serum parathyroid hormone level was found between the groups by month 6.ConclusionsNurse‐led intensive educational programme plays an important role in the control of hyperphosphataemia among patients with end‐stage renal disease.Relevance to clinical practiceChronic kidney failure patients with hyperphosphataemia are more likely to benefit from nurse‐led intensive educational programmes.
Fatigue self‐management: a survey of Chinese cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Lou Yan , Yates Patsy , McCarthy Alexandra , Wang HeMei 
Published: March 2013

Aims and objectivesTo examine Chinese cancer patients' fatigue self‐management, including the types of self‐management behaviours used, their confidence in using these behaviours, the degree of relief obtained and the factors associated with patients' use of fatigue self‐management behaviours.BackgroundFatigue places significant burden on patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. While some studies have explored fatigue self‐management in Western settings, very few studies have explored self‐management behaviours in China.DesignCross‐sectional self‐ and/or interviewer‐administered survey.MethodsA total of 271 participants with self‐reported fatigue in the past week were recruited from a specialist cancer hospital in south‐east China. Participants completed measures assessing the use of fatigue self‐management behaviours, corresponding self‐efficacy, perceived relief levels plus items assessing demographic characteristics, fatigue experiences, distress and social support.ResultsA mean of 4·94 (±2·07; range 1–10) fatigue self‐management behaviours was reported. Most behaviours were rated as providing moderate relief and were implemented with moderate self‐efficacy. Regression analyses identified that having more support from one's neighbourhood and better functional status predicted the use of a greater number of self‐management behaviours. Separate regression analyses identified that greater neighbourhood support predicted greater relief from ‘activity enhancement behaviours’ and that better functional status predicted greater relief from ‘rest and sleep behaviours’. Higher self‐efficacy scores predicted greater relief from corresponding behaviours.ConclusionsA range of fatigue self‐management behaviours were initiated by Chinese patients with cancer. Individual, condition and environmental factors were found to influence engagement in and relief from fatigue self‐management behaviours.Relevance to clinical practiceFindings highlight the need for nurses to explore patients' use of fatigue self‐management behaviours and the effectiveness of these behaviours in reducing fatigue. Interventions that improve patients' self‐efficacy and neighbourhood supports have the potential to improve outcomes from fatigue self‐management behaviours.
Stable tooth contacts in intercuspal occlusion makes for utilities of the jaw elevators during maximal voluntary clenching
Authors: Wang X.‐R. , Zhang Y. , Xing N. , Xu Y.‐F. , Wang M.‐Q. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryData are inconsistent concerning whether the level of the surface electromyographic (SEMG) activity of jaw‐closing muscles increases when biting forces elevated during maximal voluntary clenching (MVC). In this study, T‐Scan III system and BioEMG III system were used to record bite force, occlusal contacts and SEMG activity of the anterior temporalis (TA) and of the masseter muscles (MM) simultaneously. Recordings were obtained from 16 healthy young adult males during different conditions: (i) a fast MVC from resting position to intercuspal position (ICP); (ii) mandibular movements from ICP to protrusive or lateral edge‐to‐edge positions with teeth in contact with biting; (iii) a fast MVC in protrusive and lateral edge‐to‐edge positions. A higher level of SEMG activity was associated with a higher bite force during occluding movements (P < 0·05). However, during fast MVC from rest to ICP, the largest number of occlusal contacts was achieved and distributed more symmetrically, the highest level of biting force was obtained, but the SEMG activity of the jaw elevator muscles was reduced compared with its maximum level (P < 0·05). This phenomenon was not observed during the fast MVC in protrusive or lateral edge‐to‐edge positions. The present results that a lower SEMG activity was associated with the largest number of occlusal contacts and the highest level of bite force during centric MVC demonstrated a complex integration of jaw‐closing muscles when a stable occlusion is present.
Reactive oxygen species activation of MAPK pathway results in VEGF upregulation as an undesired irradiation response
Authors: Drigotas Martynas , Affolter Annette , Mann Wolf J. , Brieger Juergen 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundRadioresistance limits the effectiveness of radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We previously demonstrated post‐radiogenic mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release resulting in reduced tumor cell response. Here, we examined the association of this mechanism with the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under irradiation (IR).MethodsIntracellular ROS after IR were measured. We modeled radiation‐induced ROS by exposure of two SCC lines to H2O2 and evaluated the impact of irradiation and ROS on ERK phosphorylation by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA.ResultsWe found elevated pERK levels after treatment with IR and H2O2, which could be distinctly suppressed by U0126. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA revealed increased intracellular VEGF levels after H2O2 application.ConclusionsOur data show that irradiation‐induced ROS activate the MAPK pathway and release of VEGF. As VEGF is known to be released after cellular distress resulting in cytoprotection, the described mechanism is potentially of importance for therapy success.
Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum horii on Sweet Persimmon in Korea: Dissemination of Conidia and Disease Development
Authors: Kwon Jin‐Hyeuk , Kim Jinwoo , Choi Okryun , Gang Guen‐Hye , Han Sangjo , Kwak Youn‐Sig 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAnthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum horii (C. gloeosporioides), results in considerable economic damage to sweet persimmon in southern Korea yearly. This study deals with the life cycle of the pathogen in terms of seasonal fluctuations of spore dispersal and the development of disease based on field surveys, spore potential and fungal isolation. Anthracnose disease was observed first on twigs in the last week of May and reached an incidence of 1.2%. Subsequently, the disease increased rapidly and reached an incidence of 86% by the end of July. Infection of fruits started in mid‐June (2.8%) and increased gradually to 64.4% by the end of July. In severely infected orchards, 46.2% of diseased fruits were dropped. The pathogen began releasing conidia in the first week of May and continued until the end of September. The maximum release of spores was observed in mid‐July. To determine the optimal use of chemicals for control of anthracnose, the following spray programme was evaluated. Spraying two or three times resulted in 89.4 and 93% control, respectively, whereas spraying more than four times led to 100% control. In comparison, the disease rate of unsprayed trees was 89.8%. To control anthracnose effectively, it is recommended to take steps to eliminate inoculum sources in sweet persimmon orchards before spraying chemicals.