bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workplace‐Based Education Interventions for Managing Metabolic Syndrome in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries: A Realist Review
Authors: Bogale Sitotaw Kerie , Sarma Haribondhu , Alamnia Tilahun Tewabe , Kelly Matthew 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSedentary office work and work‐related stress increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. Workplace‐based education interventions for promoting prevention are gaining popularity due to their positive impact on managing metabolic syndrome. We conducted this realist review to understand the contextual factors and mechanisms that contribute to the effectiveness of these interventions and how they interact to produce outcomes.MethodWe conducted a comprehensive search of five main databases (PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, Scopus and PsycINFO) and Google Scholar, as well as references of included articles. We included all studies published until 12 January 2023, reporting the effects of workplace lifestyle education interventions on metabolic syndrome. Using a realist review approach, we identified and evaluated middle‐range theories to develop a context–mechanism–outcome configuration.ResultsWe identified 6883 titles for screening, of which 15 studies were included in this realist review. This realist review has identified strong social support networks, workplace influence, involvement of worksite managers and cultural relevance as contextual factors that contribute to the effectiveness of workplace‐based education interventions for managing metabolic syndrome in low‐ and middle‐income countries, which may not be as prominent in developed countries.ConclusionThe review concludes that while developing and implementing healthy lifestyle policies in the workplace, policymakers and researchers should consider social support, workplace influences, manager participation and cultural relevance.
Neurological manifestations of Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, and Peribunyaviridae as vector‐borne viruses
Authors: Alissa Mohammed , Alsuwat Meshari A. , Alzahrani Khalid J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVector‐borne viruses pose a significant health problem worldwide, as they are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected arthropods such as mosquitoes and ticks. In recent years, emerging and re‐emerging vector‐borne diseases have gained attention as they can cause a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations. The neurological manifestations of vector‐borne viruses encompass a board spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild and self‐limiting symptoms to severe and life‐threatening conditions. Common neurological complications include viral encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, aseptic meningitis, and various neuromuscular disorders. The specific viruses responsible for these neurological sequelae vary by geographic region and include Orthoflavivirus nilense, Zika virus, dengue virus, chikungunya virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and tick‐borne encephalitis virus. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of these neurologic complications and highlights the mechanisms by which vector‐borne viruses invade the central nervous system and trigger neuroinflammatory responses. Diagnostic challenges and strategies for early detection of neurological manifestations are discussed, emphasising the importance of clinical suspicion and advanced laboratory testing.
Increased winter‐killed cover crop seeding rate may not increase soil health outcomes
Authors: Palmer Corey , Siller Arthur , Naylor Raina , Hashemi Masoud , Keiser Ashley 
Published: July 2024

AbstractImplementing soil conservation practices can begin to restore degraded soils, improve soil health, and increase overall ecosystem services. Cover cropping is an effective strategy to rebuild soil quality through decreased erosion and increased residue inputs, which can help build soil organic matter. Cover crop seeding rate may have a positive relationship with ecosystem services; however, it is unknown whether this is realized at or below the recommended cover crop seeding rate. The goal of this study was to identify the relationship between cover crop seeding rate and soil health biogeochemical measures across the growing season using five oat (Avena sativa L.)–pea (Pisum sativum L.) cover crop treatments of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% the industry standard seeding rate at the University of Massachusetts Amherst Research Farm. Soils were tested for soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and microbial measures at winter kill, spring thaw, post‐planting, and succeeding cash crop harvest. Soil measures did not vary among seeding rates, but total ground cover was consistent among treatments due to weed growth. Soil health measures vary seasonally reflecting soil microbial activity. Our study provides initial evidence that soil biogeochemical responses do not respond to increased seeding rate within one growing season when the resulting groundcover—cover crop biomass plus weeds—is consistent across seeding rates, but sampling date can influence the magnitude of soil biological and chemical soil health metrics.
Mapping sustainable options in the fashion industry: A systematic literature review and a future research agenda
Authors: Schiaroli Valerio , Dangelico Rosa Maria , Fraccascia Luca 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe fashion industry accounts for large impacts on the environment and social welfare, both on the consumers' and companies' sides. This study systematically reviews the literature on sustainable consumption in the fashion industry, clarifying sustainable fashion's meaning. Existing sustainable fashion solutions are investigated from consumers' behavior perspective and classified into three consumption phases, that is, (pre‐)purchase, use, and post‐use. 187 articles are included, and twenty‐six sustainable solutions are identified across the consumption phases. These include techniques, features, services, and behaviors able to increase garment sustainability by mitigating negative impacts and ensuring product circularity by recycling and/or reusing at the product's end of life, representing promising strategies for fostering a transition toward sustainable fashion consumption practices. An innovative and comprehensive framework of sustainable fashion solutions is developed. Future research agenda and a sustainable offering inventory for marketers are provided.
DBU‐Promoted Solvent‐Free One‐Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐1,4‐Dihydropyridines From β‐Enaminones, Aromatic Aldehydes and Malononitrile
Authors: Chintha Saikrishna , Medishetti Nagaraju , Karangi Maneesha , Atmakur Krishnaiah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of 2‐amino‐1,4‐dihydropyridines was accomplished starting from β‐enaminones, aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile with DBU and without solvent. The reaction proceeds through a Knoevenegel condensation, which affords the benzylidine olefin intermediate. This can directly react with β‐enaminone, leading to the desired product. Simple reaction conditions with no solvent and good yields are the advantages of this protocol.
New Thiazole Derivatives: Carbonic Anhydrase I–II and Cholinesterase Inhibition Profiles, Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Karakaya Abdüllatif , Ercetin Tugba , Yıldırım Suheda , Kocyigit Ümit M. , Rudrapal Mithun , Rakshit Gourav , Acar Çevik Ulviye , Özkay Yusuf 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThiosemicarbazone derivative was obtained by the addition of thiosemicarbazide to 5‐nitro‐thiophene‐2‐carbaldehyde. The addition–cyclization of the 2‐bromoacetophenone derivative to thiosemicarbazone derivative gave the new thiazole derivatives (2 a‐k). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), antioxidant, and human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and II isoform inhibitory activities of the thiazole derivatives 2 a‐k were investigated. The effects of thiazole derivatives on carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I–II) isoenzymes were examined in vitro using the esterase method. IC50 values for enzyme inhibition were found to be 2.661–22.712 μM for hCA I and 5.372–26.813 μM for hCA II. All derivatives reduced the activities of carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes and were new potential inhibitor molecule candidates. These compounds were found to have minimal effects on AChE and BChE. The antioxidant properties of the target compounds were determined using DPPH and ferric ion‐chelating assays. In particular, compounds 2 k and 2 h had the highest antioxidant effect in the series with IC50 values of 30.11±0.008 μM and 30.21±0.006 μM, respectively. ADMET properties of the compounds found to be effective were evaluated and their interactions with the enzyme were determined by molecular docking.
Evaluation of Anti‐Chlamydial Effect of a Synthetic Linear Peptide
Authors: Jaradat Da'san M. M. , Al‐Zeer Munir A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInspired by the broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity exhibited by Magainins and SMAP‐28, and based on their chemical structures, several linear peptides were designed and synthesized with the aim of achieving peptides possessing promising anti‐chlamydial activity with lower cytotoxicity towards human normal cell lines. We found these peptides to be cytotoxic against human normal cell lines, except for one designated as DJ‐7, which was utilized in subsequent experiments, while the others were excluded. Peptide DJ‐7 was readily synthesized using standard Fmoc‐SPPS, and its anti‐chlamydial activity was investigated against HeLa cells (ATCC CCL‐2) infected with Chlamydia trachomatis L2 (ATCC VR‐902B) at MOI 1 for 2 hours, followed by treatment with increasing concentrations of peptide DJ‐7 (15–60 μg/mL). Microscopic examination revealed a significant reduction in the total number of bacterial inclusions in cells by around 50 % and 80 % after treatment with 15 μg/mL (5.5 μM) and 30 μg/mL (11 μM) of peptide DJ‐7, respectively, compared to control untreated infected cells. The impact of peptide DJ‐7 treatment on the development of infectious C. trachomatis serovar L2 progeny was investigated, demonstrating a significant decrease in infectious chlamydia after treatment with peptide DJ‐7. This suggests that chlamydia failed to complete its typical developmental cycle, indicating that peptide DJ‐7 exhibits anti‐chlamydial properties, by disrupting the normal bacterial development process. Our results indicate that peptide DJ‐7 is a promising lead peptide for further development as a potential anti‐chlamydial agent.
The Effective Capacitance Behaviour of Argon Plasma Exposed Al Dopped CdO Electrode Used in Efficient Metal ‐Air Batteries
Authors: Karthikeyan N. , Vijayalakshmi K. A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe impact of employing DC glow discharge plasma on aluminum‐doped cadmium oxide (Al‐doped CdO) electrodes is explored in the context of advanced energy storage, particularly focusing on Al‐air batteries. Utilizing various characterization techniques including XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and EDS, we identify significant changes in structure and morphology induced by plasma treatment, such as nano scale clustering, increased surface roughness, and higher oxidation levels. Electrochemical tests with a three‐electrode system shows remarkable improvements in charge storage capacity after plasma treatment, particularly with argon plasma, resulting in increased capacitance (1140 Fg−1), specific capacity (681 mAhg−1), and reduced charge transfer resistance (4.2 Ω), with notable changes in behavior, especially in potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte.
Gas‐Controlled Self‐Assembly of Metallacycle‐Cored Supramolecular Star Polymer with Tunable Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Ma Zhewen , Feng Yuanhao , Yu Qilin , Zheng Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerein, a three‐armed amphiphilic metallacycle‐cored star supramolecular polymer (Por‐MOM‐PDMAEMA) has been designed and synthesized via highly efficient post‐assembly polymerization. This star polymer is further self‐assembled into nanoparticles of different sizes depending upon the experimental conditions. The gas‐controlled morphology transformation and tunable antibacterial activities of Por‐MOM‐PDMAEMAis systematically investigated and compared with metallacycle (MOM). The superior antibacterial activity of Por‐MOM‐PDMAEMA against multidrug‐resistant P. aeruginosa implies that the presence of photodynamic photosensitizer (Por) and cationic polymer chain will significantly enhance antibactericidal activity, which is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of photosensitizer and polymer chain linked in one metallacycle core. By leveraging the unique properties of metallacycle and their dynamic response to gaseous stimuli, the antibacterial properties of the Por‐MOM‐PDMAEMA can be finely tuned in response to gas triggers.
Efficient Holes Abstraction by Precisely Decorating Ruthenium Single Atoms and RuOx Clusters on ZnIn2S4 for Photocatalytic Pure Water Splitting
Authors: Wu Shuangzhi , Zhang Shengyu , Zhang Qingsheng , Liu Guowei , Yang Jianjun , Guan Zhongjie , Zou Zhigang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeveloping efficient photocatalysts for two‐electron water splitting with simultaneous H2O2 and H2 generation shows great promise for practical application. Currently, the efficiency of two‐electron water splitting is still restricted by the low utilization of photogenerated charges, especially holes, of which the transfer rate is much slower than that of electrons. Herein, Ru single atoms and RuOx clusters are co‐decorated on ZnIn2S4 (RuOx/Ru‐ZIS) to employ as multifunctional sites for efficient photocatalytic pure water splitting. Doping of Ru single atoms in the ZIS basal plane enhances holes abstraction from bulk ZIS by regulating the electronic structure, and RuOx clusters offer a strong interfacial electric field to remarkably promote the out‐of‐plane migration of holes from ZIS. Moreover, Ru single atoms and RuOx clusters also serve as active sites for boosting surface water oxidation. As a result, an excellent H2 and H2O2 evolution rates of 581.9 µmol g−1 h−1 and 464.4 µmol g−1 h−1 is achieved over RuOx/Ru‐ZIS under visible light irradiation, respectively, with an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 4.36% at 400 nm. This work paves a new way to increase charge utilization by manipulating photocatalyst using single atom and clusters.
Lipid Nanoparticle‐mRNA Engineered Dendritic Cell Based Adoptive Cell Therapy Enhances Cancer Immune Response
Authors: Das Riddha , Ge Xinying , Fei Fan , Parvanian Sepideh , Weissleder Ralph , Garris Christopher S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLipid nanoparticles encapsulating mRNA (LNP‐mRNA) revolutionized medicine over the past several years. While clinically approved indications currently focus on infectious disease vaccination, LNP‐mRNA based treatments also hold promise for cancer immunotherapy. However, the route of dosing may impact treatment efficacy, safety, and dose. To minimize adverse effects, it is hypothesized that LNP‐mRNA can be used to activate and engineer dendritic cells (DC) ex vivo before re‐administration of these cells. Here, it is shown that LNP‐mRNA engineered DCs can indeed vaccinate recipient mice. Vaccinated mice showed strong anti‐tumor T cell responses, rejected tumor challenge, and displayed no evidence of toxicity. Further, it is found that DC specific ablation of the immune activating kinase NFkB inducing kinase (NIK) abrogated vaccination efficacy, demonstrating that adoptively transferred DCs can be functionally modified in addition to their antigen presentation capacity. Collectively, these studies show that ex vivo LNP‐mRNA engineering of DCs is a feasible and robust therapeutic strategy for cancer.
The postcranial anatomy and osteohistology of Terrestrisuchus gracilis (Archosauria, Crocodylomorpha) from the Late Triassic of Wales
Authors: Spiekman Stephan N. F. , Butler Richard J. , Maidment Susannah C. R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe earliest crocodylomorphs, known as non‐crocodyliform crocodylomorphs, first appeared during the Late Triassic. In contrast to extant crocodylians, which are all semi‐aquatic, early crocodylomorphs represent terrestrial taxa with a fully erect posture and in most cases a small body size. Their gracile skeletons suggest an active mode of life, possibly similar to contemporaneous, bipedal theropod dinosaurs. Despite this remarkable body plan, the postcranial morphology of early crocodylomorphs has rarely been documented in detail, restricting our ability to infer aspects of their functional morphology and evolution. Here, we provide a detailed description of the postcranium of Terrestrisuchus gracilis, a small‐bodied crocodylomorph from the Late Triassic of Pant‐y‐Ffynnon Quarry (southern Wales, UK), including a description of long bone tissues based on histological thin sections. Almost all elements of the postcranial skeleton have been preserved. The skeleton of Terrestrisuchus gracilis is highly gracile, even for a non‐crocodyliform crocodylomorph. Osteological correlates of the appendicular skeleton suggest that Terrestrisuchus gracilis had a digitigrade, quadrupedal posture. A quantitative analysis of limb robustness corroborates that Terrestrisuchus gracilis was a quadruped. Histological analysis suggests that all sampled specimens were skeletally immature and had fast growth at the time of death, as indicated by the lack of an external fundamental system and the predominance of fibrolamellar bone. The bone tissue is similar to that recently described for Saltoposuchus connectens and certain non‐crocodylomorph pseudosuchians, but differs from Hesperosuchus agilis and crocodyliforms, in which parallel‐fibred bone is more prevalent.
Pancreatic lipase inhibitory and anti‐acne activity of Piper betle: Kinetic studies, in silico docking, and chemical characterization of bioactive compounds
Authors: Shinde Rani A. , Patil Mohini R. , Patil Ravindra H. , Vishwakarma Kishor S. , Maheshwari Vijay L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLipases play important roles in obesity and skin infections. Piper betle (Piperaceae) is widely cultivated and used in daily life. It is a rich source of lead compounds used in skin infections. This study reveals anti‐acne and pancreatic lipase inhibitory potential of leaf extract of Piper betle using in‐vitro and in‐silico molecular docking. The inhibitory potential of 13 selected plant extracts was evaluated at various concentrations (5–25 µg/mL). Ethyl‐acetate extract of Piper betle with strong pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity was further fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography and eluted bands showing strong inhibitory activity were characterized by high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. The purified compounds, namely, anodendroside E,2‐monoacetate, and 5H‐cyclopropa[3,4]benz(1, 2‐ejazulen‐5‐one), were identified and showed over 90% pancreatic lipase inhibition. The isolated compounds showed strong dose‐dependent inhibitory effects on Propionibacterium acnes. These observations were consistent with molecular docking studies, which showed that anodendroside E,2‐monoacetate binds to the allosteric site with a binding energy of –7.0 kcal/mol, and this binding site is stabilized by hydrogen and carbon hydrogen bonds contributed by Phe 354 and Asp130, ser103. These findings suggest that the pancreatic lipase inhibitory and anti‐acne effects of Piper betle are attributed to anodendroside E,2‐monoacetate.
Comparative study of the effects of antitussive drugs in a canine acute cough model
Authors: Aoki Takuam , Eki Kent 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCough is a common clinical complaint in small animal practice with limited treatment options for chronic underlying conditions.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three antitussive drugs in a novel, minimally invasive canine acute cough model.MethodsFive clinically healthy Beagles were used to create an acute cough model by administering sterile saline via a transtracheally placed central venous catheter. Single‐dose antitussive effects of butorphanol, maropitant and Danpron were assessed. Cough frequency was measured before and at hourly intervals up to 3 h post‐administration of each drug, with a linear mixed model used for statistical analysis.ResultsButorphanol (0.3 m/kg, IM) significantly reduced cough frequency at 1 and 3 h post‐administration. Danpron (0.1 mL/kg, IM) also significantly reduced cough frequency 1 h post‐administration; however, this effect was not sustained at 3 h. Maropitant (1 mg/kg, IM) did not significantly reduce cough frequency. The cough induction method was effective and minimally invasive, with no adverse effects.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated that butorphanol has a potent and prolonged antitussive effect in an acute canine cough model, whereas Danpron shows a transient effect. These findings provide valuable insights into the comparative efficacy of commonly used antitussive drugs in dogs.
Knowledge, attitude and practice related to anthrax among livestock farmers in West Kazakhstan
Authors: Kulpiisova Altyn , Aitpayeva Zukhra , Maimatayeva Assiya , Ussenova Lyailya , Paritova Assel , Zhanabayev Assylbek , Bakishev Temirlan , Tursunkulov Spandiyar , Kitapbay Tileubek , Abutalip Aspen , Mussayeva Assiya , Ospanov Yerzhan , Omarbekova Urzhan , Turalin Bauyrzhan , Sapa Vladislav , Aisin Marat , Bizhanov Alim , Baikadamova Gulnara , Chylbak‐ool Salbak , Pakhomova Elena , Rametov Nurkuisa , Issimov Arman , Burambayeva Nadezhda 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnthrax is the most prioritized zoonotic disease in Kazakhstan due to its threatening potential to the public health and agricultural sector. Sporadic anthrax outbreaks are being reported annually among human and livestock populations throughout the country, with the highest frequency occurring in West Kazakhstan.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted using a survey‐based face‐to‐face interview. From January to May 2022, 489 randomly selected participants were surveyed in 6 districts of the Baiterek province in West Kazakhstan oblast to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding anthrax among community members. This is the first KAP study conducted relating to outbreaks of anthrax in Kazakhstan.ResultsIn this study, most participants (74%) surveyed were males, and 40% of respondents had a secondary level education. Overall, 91% of the community respondents were engaged in agriculture and livestock rearing. Among these community members, cattle rearing was the most common (67%) occupation compared to other livestock species. Additionally, over a 50% of the population studied had no knowledge about the zoonotic nature of the disease, and about 82% and 87% of respondents were unaware of any animal and human anthrax symptoms, respectively. About 70% of the respondents were interested in vaccinating their livestock against anthrax. Individuals aged 45–54 displayed notably higher animal vaccination rates (45%; 95% CI: 38.4–52.0; p < 0.025) compared to those aged 25–34 and 65–74. Respondents residing in the Beles district (20%; 95% CI: 17.1–24.7; p < 0.005) exhibited a significantly higher level of awareness concerning the fatality of anthrax in contrast to participants from Bolashak. Roughly 61% of respondents held the belief that anthrax is a lethal disease. An overwhelming majority of the survey participants (99%) affirmed their non‐participation in the slaughter of infected animals.ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate that KAP among community members relating to anthrax is low and requires swift implementation of education programmes in building awareness of anthrax under the One Health approach, especially in anthrax prone regions.