bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transfusion of prion‐filtered red cells does not increase the rate of alloimmunization or transfusion reactions in patients: results of the UK trial of prion‐filtered versus standard red cells in surgical patients (PRISM A)
Authors: Elebute Modupe O. , Choo Louise , Mora Ana , MacRury Coral , Llewelyn Charlotte , Purohit Shilpi , Hicks Vicky , Casey Caroline , Malfroy Moira , Deary Alison , Reed Tania , Meredith Sarah , Manson Lynn , Williamson Lorna M. 
Published: January 2013

SummaryThis study, conducted for the UK Blood Transfusion Services (UKBTS), evaluated the clinical safety of red cells filtered through a CE‐marked prion removal filter (P‐Capt™). Patients requiring blood transfusion for elective procedures in nine UK hospitals were entered into a non‐randomized open trial to assess development of red cell antibodies to standard red cell (RCC) or prion‐filtered red cell concentrates (PF‐RCC) at eight weeks and six months post‐transfusion. Patients who received at least 1 unit of PF‐RCC were compared with a control cohort given RCC only. About 917 PF‐RCC and 1336 RCC units were transfused into 299 and 291 patients respectively. Twenty‐six new red cell antibodies were detected post‐transfusion in 10 patients in each arm, an overall alloimmunization rate of 4·4%. Neither the treatment arm [odds ratio (OR) 0·93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·3, 2·5] nor number of units transfused (OR 0·95, 95% CI 0·8, 1·1) had a significant effect on the proportion of patients who developed new alloantibodies. No pan‐reactive antibodies or antibodies specifically against PF‐RCC were detected. There was no difference in transfusion reactions between arms, and no novel transfusion‐related adverse events clearly attributable to PF‐RCC were seen. These data suggest that prion filtration of red cells does not reduce overall transfusion safety. This finding requires confirmation in large populations of transfused patients.
Light chain amyloidosis 2012: a new era
Authors: Gatt Moshe E. , Palladini Giovanni 
Published: January 2013

SummaryAL amyloidosis patients with multi‐organ and particularly cardiac involvement have historically been considered to have a bad prognosis. The introduction of autologous stem cell transplantation was associated with unacceptable toxicity in high‐risk patients, but responding patients have prolonged overall survival. Toxicities can be decreased by careful patient selection, but this reduces the applicability of this treatment modality to a limited number of patients. Efforts are therefore needed to design novel more effective regimens, with the use of new medications, such as thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortezomib, next generation immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors. Their combination with dexamethasone and alkylating agents show promising results, allowing a high percentage of remission and subsequent event‐free and overall survival, even in a significant proportion of high risk, poor prognosis populations. This review includes the state‐of‐the‐art treatment for AL amyloidosis patients as of 2012, in light of the progress in management of this disease during recent years.
Next‐generation sequencing – feasibility and practicality in haematology
Authors: Kohlmann Alexander , Grossmann Vera , Nadarajah Niroshan , Haferlach Torsten 
Published: January 2013

SummaryNext‐generation sequencing platforms have evolved to provide an accurate and comprehensive means for the detection of molecular mutations in heterogeneous tumour specimens. Here, we review the feasibility and practicality of this novel laboratory technology. In particular, we focus on the utility of next‐generation sequencing technology in characterizing haematological neoplasms and the landmark findings in key haematological malignancies. We also discuss deep‐sequencing strategies to analyse the constantly increasing number of molecular markers applied for disease classification, patient stratification and individualized monitoring of minimal residual disease. Although many facets of this assay need to be taken into account, amplicon deep‐sequencing has already demonstrated a promising technical performance and is being continuously developed towards routine application in diagnostic laboratories so that an impact on clinical practice can be achieved.
Mesenchymal stromal cells primed with Paclitaxel attract and kill leukaemia cells, inhibit angiogenesis and improve survival of leukaemia‐bearing mice
Authors: Pessina Augusto , Coccè Valentina , Pascucci Luisa , Bonomi Arianna , Cavicchini Loredana , Sisto Francesca , Ferrari Maura , Ciusani Emilio , Crovace Antonio , Falchetti Maria Laura , Zicari Sonia , Caruso Arnaldo , Navone Stefania , Marfia Giovanni , Benetti Anna , Ceccarelli Piero , Parati Eugenio , Alessandri Giulio 
Published: January 2013

SummaryCurrent leukaemia therapy focuses on increasing chemotherapy efficacy. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been proposed for carrying and delivery drugs to improve killing of cancer cells. We have shown that MSCs loaded with Paclitaxel (PTX) acquire a potent anti‐tumour activity. We investigated the effect of human MSCs (hMSCs) and mouse SR4987 loaded with PTX (hMSCsPTX and SR4987PTX) on MOLT‐4 and L1210, two leukaemia cell (LCs) lines of human and mouse origin, respectively. SR4987PTX and hMSCsPTX showed strong anti‐LC activity. hMSCsPTX, co‐injected with MOLT‐4 cells or intra‐tumour injected into established subcutaneous MOLT‐4 nodules, strongly inhibited growth and angiogenesis. In BDF1‐mice‐bearing L1210, the intraperitoneal administration of SR4987PTX doubled mouse survival time. In vitro, both hMSCs and hMSCsPTX released chemotactic factors, bound and formed rosettes with LCs. In ultrastructural analysis of rosettes, hMSCsPTX showed no morphological alterations while the attached LCs were apoptotic and necrotic. hMSCs and hMSCsPTX released molecules that reduced LC adhesion to microvascular endothelium (hMECs) and down‐modulated ICAM1 and VCAM1 on hMECs. Priming hMSCs with PTX is a simple procedure that does not require any genetic cell manipulation. Once the effectiveness of hMSCsPTX on established cancers in mice is proven, this procedure could be proposed for leukaemia therapy in humans.
Risk‐stratified adoptive cellular therapy following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Richardson Simon E. , Khan Iftekhar , Rawstron Andrew , Sudak Jagoda , Edwards Noha , Verfuerth Stephanie , Fielding Adele K. , Goldstone Anthony , Kottaridis Panagiotis , Morris Emma , Benjamin Reuben , Peggs Karl S. , Thomson Kirsty J. , Vandenberghe Elisabeth , Mackinnon Stephen , Chakraverty Ronjon 
Published: January 2013

SummaryFollowing reduced intensity‐conditioned allogeneic stem cell transplantation (RIC allo‐SCT) for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), there is an inverse relationship between relapse and extensive chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). We evaluated outcomes in 50 consecutive patients with CLL using the approach of alemtuzumab‐based RIC allo‐SCT and pre‐emptive donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) for mixed chimerism or minimal residual disease (MRD), with the intention of reducing the risk of GVHD. Forty two patients had high‐risk disease, including 30% with 17p deletion (17p−). Of patients who were not in complete remission (CR) entering transplant, 83% subsequently achieved MRD‐negative CR. Both MRD detection and uncorrected mixed chimerism were associated with greater risks of treatment failure. Nine of sixteen patients receiving DLI for persistent or relapsed disease subsequently attained MRD‐negative CR. With a median follow‐up of 4·3 years, 4‐year current progression‐free survival was 65% and overall survival was 75% (60% and 61% in respectively, patients with 17p−). DLI was associated with a 29% cumulative incidence of severe GVHD and mortality of 6·4%. At last follow‐up, 83% of patients in CR were off all immunosuppressive treatment. In conclusion, the directed delivery of allogeneic cellular therapy has the potential to induce durable remissions in high‐risk CLL without incurring excessive GVHD.
Immediately Loaded Implants with or without Abutments Supporting Fixed Partial Dentures: 1‐Year Results from a Prospective, Randomized, Clinical Trial
Authors: Göthberg Catharina , André Ulrika , Gröndahl Kerstin , Ljungquist Birgit , Thomsen Peter , Slotte Christer 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate 1‐year implant survival and marginal bone loss around implants that support fixed partial dentures loaded immediately or after 3 months, and effects from abutment usage.Materials and MethodsIn this 2005 to 2009 randomized, parallel‐group, clinical trial, 50 partially edentulous patients each received three Brånemark TiUnite™ implants (Nobel Biocare®, Göteborg, Sweden), mostly in the posterior maxilla. Two implants were fitted with abutments: a TiUnite™ surface and a machine‐milled surface; the suprastructure was attached directly at implant level for the third implant. After randomized allocation, implants were immediately loaded with a fixed temporary bridge (test group) or left unloaded for 3 months (control group). A permanent fixed suprastructure replaced the temporary bridge after 6 months (test). Hard and soft tissues were examined during pretreatment and surgery plus 2 days, 14 days, 4 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery.ResultsAfter 1 year, four implants were lost in the test and two in the control groups (1‐year survival rates of 94.9% [test] and 97.2% [control], with no significant intergroup difference). Resonance frequency analysis values indicated a similar pattern in both groups, with implant stability quotient (ISQ) reduction between 2 and 4 weeks. The test group had a significantly lower ISQ than the control group at these appointments. After 1 year, marginal bone losses around the implants were, on average, 1.32 mm (test, standard error of the mean [SEM] 0.08) and 1.24 mm (control, SEM 0.08), with no significant intergroup difference. Significantly larger marginal bone loss was observed at implants without abutment compared with implants with abutment.ConclusionsFor both groups, this study showed similar implant survival rates and marginal bone loss. Larger bone loss was found at implants loaded without attached abutments.
Facial alveolar bone wall width – a cone‐beam computed tomography study inAsians
Authors: Zekry Ahmed , Wang Ren , Chau Anson C. M. , Lang Niklaus P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe width of the facial alveolar bone wall is crucial for long‐term successful esthetic outcomes of implants immediately placed into extraction sockets. A threshold of 2 mm is recommended to minimize buccal vertical bone resorption.AimTo assess the width of the facial alveolar bone wall using cone‐beam computed tomography images (CBCT).Material and methodsRetrospectiveCBCTimages were acquired from a representative sample of Asians using the i‐CAT®classic system with a 0.4‐mm voxel size. At random, 200CBCTimages were selected according to predefined criteria. TheDICOMfile was imported into the i‐CAT Vision®software. In the panoramic screen, the middle of each tooth was selected, and in the sagittal window, the middle cross section was selected for performing the measurements using a computer. The vertical distance from the alveolar crest (BC) – cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) was measured. The width of the facial alveolar bone wall was measured at three locations: 1, 3, and 5 mm apical toBC. Descriptive statistics, frequency analyses, and multi‐level comparisons were performed.ResultsThe sample consisted of 74 men and 126 women (mean age of 37.2 years; range 17–82years). A total of 3618 teeth were assessed. There was no significant difference between the values of right and left sides, or between genders. However, statistically significant differences were observed between age groups at all levels. The distance fromCEJtoBCvaried from 0.4 to 4 mm, with an overall tendency to increase with age. The mean width of the facial alveolar bone wall at anterior teeth was 0.9 mm and increased toward posterior regions. Rarely, a width of 2 mm was yielded (0.6–1.8% for anterior teeth, 0.7–30.8% for posterior teeth). At a 5‐mm distance fromBC, minimal widths of facial alveolar bone were identified for the anterior teeth. The frequency of dehiscence ranged from 9.9% to 51.6% for anterior and 3.1% to 53.6% for posterior teeth, respectively.ConclusionA thin facial alveolar bone wall was usually present in both jaws. Hence, for most patients, adjunctive bone augmentation may be needed when installing implants in areas of esthetic concern.
The influence of bone marrow aspirates and concentrates on the early volume stability of maxillary sinus grafts with deproteinized bovine bone mineral – first results of a RCT
Authors: Kühl S. , Payer M. , Kirmeier R. , Wildburger A. , Wegscheider W. , Jakse N. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate whether bone marrow aspirates (BMA) and concentrates (BMAC) influence the grafts' stability when added to deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) within the first 6 months after maxillary sinus augmentation.Material and methods26 CT data of 13 patients undergoing bilateral maxillary sinus augmentation in a split‐mouth design were evaluated using the Voxim® software by comparing the graft volumes 2 weeks after the sinus lift procedure with CT data obtained 6 months later. DBBM with (N = 6) or without tibial BMA (N = 6) and DBBM with (N = 7) and without adding iliac BMAC® (N = 7) were used as grafts. Absolute and percentage changes in the graft volumes were evaluated, and the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U‐test and the nonparametric Wilcoxon test were performed to determine significant differences between the graft volumes within each single split‐mouth group and between the two groups.ResultsOverall, the volumes decreased between 15% and 21%. All single groups showed statistically significant decreases over 6 months of healing. The time‐dependent changes in volumes between the different groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.818).ConclusionsAn evident decrease in graft volume over the first 6 months of healing has to be expected irrespectively of graft composite. Neither BMA nor BMAC seem to have an evident impact. Overaugmentation seems recommendable in two‐stage maxillary sinus surgery.
Predicting Recovery Criteria for Threatened and Endangered Plant Species on the Basis of Past Abundances and Biological Traits
Authors: NEEL MAILE C. , CHE‐CASTALDO JUDY P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRecovery plans for species listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act are required to specify measurable criteria that can be used to determine when the species can be delisted. For the 642 listed endangered and threatened plant species that have recovery plans, we applied recursive partitioning methods to test whether the number of individuals or populations required for delisting can be predicted on the basis of distributional and biological traits, previous abundance at multiple time steps, or a combination of traits and previous abundances. We also tested listing status (threatened or endangered) and the year the recovery plan was written as predictors of recovery criteria. We analyzed separately recovery criteria that were stated as number of populations and as number of individuals (population‐based and individual‐based criteria, respectively). Previous abundances alone were relatively good predictors of population‐based recovery criteria. Fewer populations, but a greater proportion of historically known populations, were required to delist species that had few populations at listing compared with species that had more populations at listing. Previous abundances were also good predictors of individual‐based delisting criteria when models included both abundances and traits. The physiographic division in which the species occur was also a good predictor of individual‐based criteria. Our results suggest managers are relying on previous abundances and patterns of decline as guidelines for setting recovery criteria. This may be justifiable in that previous abundances inform managers of the effects of both intrinsic traits and extrinsic threats that interact and determine extinction risk.Predicción de Criterios de Recuperación para Especies de Plantas en Peligro y Amenazadas con Base en Abundancias Pasadas y Atributos Biológicos
The Influence of Activation Level on Belief Bias in Relational Reasoning
Authors: Banks Adrian P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA novel explanation of belief bias in relational reasoning is presented based on the role of working memory and retrieval in deductive reasoning, and the influence of prior knowledge on this process. It is proposed that belief bias is caused by the believability of a conclusion in working memory which influences its activation level, determining its likelihood of retrieval and therefore its effect on the reasoning process. This theory explores two main influences of belief on the activation levels of these conclusions. First, believable conclusions have higher activation levels and so are more likely to be recalled during the evaluation of reasoning problems than unbelievable conclusions, and therefore, they have a greater influence on the reasoning process. Secondly, prior beliefs about the conclusion have a base level of activation and may be retrieved when logically irrelevant, influencing the evaluation of the problem. The theory of activation and memory is derived from the Atomic Components of Thought‐Rational (ACT‐R) cognitive architecture and so this account is formalized in an ACT‐R cognitive model. Two experiments were conducted to test predictions of this model. Experiment 1 tested strength of belief and Experiment 2 tested the impact of a concurrent working memory load. Both of these manipulations increased the main effect of belief overall and in particular raised belief‐based responding in indeterminately invalid problems. These effects support the idea that the activation level of conclusions formed during reasoning influences belief bias. This theory adds to current explanations of belief bias by providing a detailed specification of the role of working memory and how it is influenced by prior knowledge.
Metaphase arrest and delay in cell cycle kinetics of root apical meristems and mouse bone marrow cells treated with leaf aqueous extract of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent
Authors: Ray S. , Kundu L. M. , Goswami S. , Roy G. C. , Chatterjee S. , Dutta S. , Chaudhuri A. , Chakrabarti C. S. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo study cell cycle delay and metaphase arresting activity of leaf aqueous extract of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. (LAECV) in root apical meristems and mouse bone marrow cells.Materials and methodsCell cycle delay and metaphase arresting activities of LAECV were analysed, in root apical meristems of onion and wheat, and in mouse bone marrow cells, by scoring mitotic index, metaphase frequency and transition of cells from metaphase to anaphase. Colchicine was used as the standard metaphase arresting drug. Phytochemicals present in LAECV were detected and their phytotoxic activity was evaluated by analysing green‐gram (Vigna radiata) seedling's root growth retardation and branch root swelling phenomenon.ResultsLAECV treatment resulted in dose‐dependent root growth retardation of green‐gram seedling root length (P < 0.01) and half maximal growth inhibitory concentration (IC50) of LAECV was 0.87 mg/ml at 144 h. In onion and wheat root meristem cells the mitotic index decreased, metaphase frequency increased and transition from metaphase to anaphase reduced. Experimentation with mouse bone marrow cells indicated that LAECV induced metaphase arrest (164.3% increase in arrested metaphases per 300 mg/kg body weight, over 2.5 h). Phytochemicals like carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, triterpenoids, tannins and trace amounts of alkaloids were detected in LAECV.ConclusionIt may be said that LAECV contains mitostatic and metaphase arresting components that are able to induce significant metaphase arrest in root apical meristems and also in mouse bone marrow cells.
Influence of larger graft weight to recipient weight on the post‐liver transplantation course
Authors: Levesque Eric , Duclos Julie , Ciacio Oriana , Adam Rene , Castaing Denis , Vibert Eric 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSize matching between recipient and donor livers is an important factor in organ allocation in the context of liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to determine whether a large graft for recipient size influenced the post‐transplant course. One hundred and sixty‐two successive LT recipients were included and retrospectively divided into two groups: 25 (15%) had a graft‐to‐recipient weight ratio (GWRW) ≥2.5% and 137 (85%) had a GWRW <2.5%. Postoperative complications and outcomes were recorded. In the GWRW >2.5% group, more end‐to‐end caval replacement (72% vs. 38%, p = 0.003) and veno‐venous bypass (48% vs. 23%, p = 0.01) were used. Peak AST/ALT values were higher in the GWRW >2.5% group (AST: 596 [70–5876] vs. 453 [29–5132] IU/l, p = 0.03; ALT: 773 [101–5025] vs. 383 [36–4921] IU/l, p = 0.02). Among postoperative complications, the rate of respiratory failure was higher in the GWRW >2.5% group (32% vs. 14%, p = 0.04). The rates of other complications did not differ between the two groups. Both groups had similar graft and patient survival rates at one yr. Using large grafts for recipient size did not impair liver function and did not modify graft and patient outcomes at one yr. However, a GWRW >2.5% appeared to be a determining factor for respiratory morbidity following LT.
Native kidney function following liver transplantation using calcineurin inhibitors: single‐center analysis with 20 years of follow‐up
Authors: LaMattina John C. , Mezrich Joshua D. , Fernandez Luis A. , D'Alessandro Anthony M. , Djamali Arjang , Musat Alexandru I. , Pirsch John D. , Foley David P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIntroductionThe incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in liver transplant recipients has been estimated to be from 18% to 28% at 10 yr after transplantation. As outcomes from liver transplantation continue to improve, long‐term native kidney function in these recipients becomes more critical to patient survival.MethodsWe analyzed 1151 adult, deceased‐donor, single‐organ primary liver transplantations performed at our center between 7/17/84 and 12/31/07. Analysis of renal function was performed on 972 patients with liver allograft survival >1 yr.ResultsKaplan–Meier analysis revealed that 3%, 7%, and 18% of liver transplant recipients with allograft survival >1 yr developed end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) at five, 10, and 20 yr, respectively. Significant independent risk factors for ESRD included dialysis during the transplant hospitalization, the stage of CKD at one yr, hypercholesterolemia, non‐Caucasian race, and hepatitis C as the primary indication for liver transplantation. The initial immunosuppression of essentially all recipients was a calcineurin inhibitor‐based regimen.ConclusionClose, long‐term follow‐up of liver transplant recipients permits optimal management of liver allograft and native renal function and can lead to excellent long‐term outcomes despite a calcineurin inhibitor‐based immunosuppressive regimen.