bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Québec residents with airway diseases
Authors: Brassard Paul , Vutcovici Maria , Ernst Pierre , Patenaude Valérie , Sewitch Maida , Suissa Samy , Bitton Alain 
Published: November 2014

The objective of the study was to assess whether the incidences of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are increased in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to the general population.A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using the administrative health databases of Québec, Canada. Incidences of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis among patients with asthma and COPD were assessed for the 2001–2006 period.In total, 136 178 subjects with asthma and 143 904 subjects with COPD were identified. The average incidence of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis was 23.1 and 8.8 per 100 000 person-years among asthmatic patients; in the COPD cohort there were 26.2 Crohn’s disease cases and 17 ulcerative colitis cases per 100 000 person-years. The incidence of Crohn’s disease in asthma and COPD patients was 27% and 55% higher than in the general population of Québec; the incidence of ulcerative colitis was 30% higher among COPD patients compared to the general population.Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease was significantly increased in asthma and COPD patients compared to the general population of Québec. Incidence rates were particularly high in patients with COPD. Awareness of an association between airway diseases and inflammatory bowel disease in older age groups may play an important role in earlier detection of bowel disease and in the therapeutic management of such patients.
Enhanced Behavioral Responses to Cold Stimuli following CGRPα Sensory Neuron Ablation are Dependent on TRPM8
Authors: McCoy Eric S , Zylka Mark J 
Published: November 2014

Background: Calcitonin gene-related peptide-α (CGRPα) is a classic marker of peptidergic nociceptive neurons and is expressed in myelinated and unmyelinated dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Recently, we found that ablation of Cgrpα-expressing sensory neurons reduced noxious heat sensitivity and enhanced sensitivity to cold stimuli in mice. These studies suggested that the enhanced cold responses were due to disinhibition of spinal neurons that receive inputs from cold-sensing/TRPM8 primary afferents; although a direct role for TRPM8 was not examined at the time. Results: Here, we ablated Cgrpα-expressing sensory neurons in mice lacking functional TRPM8 and evaluated sensory responses to noxious heat, cold temperatures, and cold mimetics (acetone evaporative cooling and icilin). We also evaluated thermoregulation in these mice following an evaporative cold challenge. We found that ablation of Cgrpα-expressing sensory neurons in a Trpm8−/− background reduced sensitivity to noxious heat but did not enhance sensitivity to cold stimuli. Thermoregulation following the evaporative cold challenge was not affected by deletion of Trpm8 in control or Cgrpα-expressing sensory neuron-ablated mice. Conclusions: Our data indicate that the enhanced behavioral responses to cold stimuli in CGRPα sensory neuron-ablated mice are dependent on functional TRPM8, whereas the other sensory and thermoregulatory phenotypes caused by CGRPα sensory neuron ablation are independent of TRPM8.
Analyses of chlorogenic acids and related cinnamic acid derivatives from Nicotiana tabacumtissues with the aid of UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS based on the in-source collision-induced dissociation method
Authors: Ncube Efficient N , Mhlongo Msizi I , Piater Lizelle A , Steenkamp Paul A , Dubery Ian A , Madala Ntakadzeni E 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Background
Chlorogenic acids (CGAs) are a class of phytochemicals that are formed as esters between different derivatives of cinnamic acid and quinic acid molecules. In plants, accumulation of these compounds has been linked to several physiological responses against various stress factors; however, biochemical synthesis differs from one plant to another. Although structurally simple, the analysis of CGA molecules with modern analytical platforms poses an analytical challenge. The objective of the study was to perform a comparison of the CGA profiles and related derivatives from differentiated tobacco leaf tissues and undifferentiated cell suspension cultures.

Results
Using an UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS fingerprinting method based on the in-source collision induced dissociation (ISCID) approach, a total of 19 different metabolites with a cinnamic acid core moiety were identified. These metabolites were either present in both leaf tissue and cell suspension samples or in only one of the two plant systems. Profile differences point to underlying biochemical similarities or differences thereof.

Conclusion
Using this method, the regio- and geometric-isomer profiles of chlorogenic acids of the two tissue types of Nicotiana tabacum were achieved. The method was also shown to be applicable for the detection of other related molecules containing a cinnamic acid core.
Investment casting of nozzle guide vanes from nickel-based superalloys: part II – grain structure prediction
Authors: Torroba Agustin Jose , Koeser Ole , Calba Loic , Maestro Laura , Carreño-Morelli Efrain , Rahimian Mehdi , Milenkovic Srdjan , Sabirov Ilchat , LLorca Javier 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe control of grain structure, which develops during solidification processes in investment casting of nozzle guide vanes (NGVs), is a key issue for optimization of their mechanical properties. The main objective of this part of the work was to develop a simulation tool for predicting grain structure in the new generation NGVs made from MAR-M247 Ni-based superalloy. A cellular automata - finite element (CAFE) module is employed to predict the three-dimensional (3D) grain structure in the as-cast NGV. The grain structure in the critical sections of the experimentally cast NGV is carefully analyzed, the experimental results are compared with the modeling outcomes, and the model is calibrated via tuning parameters which govern grain nucleation and growth. The grain structures predicted by the calibrated model show a very good accordance with the real ones observed in the critical sections of the as-cast NGV. It is demonstrated that the calibrated CAFE model is a reliable tool for the foundry industry to predict grain structure of the as-cast NGVs with very high accuracy.
Influences of Parents and Peers in Adolescent Leisure Activities
Authors: Fawcett Lillian , Garton Alison F. , Dandy Justine 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe current study investigated the associations between the influence of parent and peer characteristics and adolescent involvement in different types of out-of-school leisure activities using a structured versus unstructured activity dichotomy. Questionnaires completed by 1280, 12- to 17-year-old, Western Australian metropolitan, high-school students were analysed. It was found that perceived parent strictness, connectedness to adolescents, and parenting style were positively associated with adolescent participation in structured leisure activities, but negatively associated with time spent in unstructured activities. Hours of involvement in structured and unstructured leisure activities were negatively associated with perceived susceptibility to peer pressure. Peer connectedness was positively associated with hours spent in unstructured activities, but there was no significant interaction with participation in structured leisure activities. These findings suggest that peer influence is not always a dominant force in all aspects of adolescents' lives and also endorse the continued influence of parents as per Individuation and Relatedness theory in which it is argued that individuals' transition through adolescence is optimised if they remain connected to parents while concurrently developing their autonomy.
A Case Study of a Self-Help Intervention With Telephone Support for a Smoker With Weak Motivation to Quit
Authors: Míguez Carmen , Becoña Elisardo 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSmokers who need help to stop smoking cannot always attend clinical treatment sessions, so it is important for other alternatives to be offered. We report a case study of a smoking cessation intervention administered to a 29-year-old male cigarette smoker who had made no previous attempts to quit and who did not want to stop smoking, but who was obliged to because he was about to undergo a surgical intervention. The intervention was a mailed behavioural program combined with telephone support, administered over a six-week period. The subject quit smoking after 4 weeks, and remained abstinent at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. At the 12-month follow-up the carbon monoxide in expired air was used to verify his abstinence.
Nicotine Absorption From Seven Current Nicotine Replacement Products and a New Wide-Bore Nicotine Delivery Device
Authors: McEwen Andy , West Robert , Gaiger Maria 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis preliminary laboratory study investigated nicotine absorption rates of seven current nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products and a new wide-bore nicotine delivery device (the ‘Nicotine Cannon’). The nicotine products (Cannon, inhalator, nasal spray, microtab, 2 mg and 4 mg gum and 2 mg and 4 mg lozenge) were used for ten minutes by two non-nicotine tolerant subjects. Blood was taken at frequent intervals for the next 60 minutes and plasma nicotine concentrations assessed. Of current NRT products investigated the 4 mg lozenge performed best with the highest blood nicotine levels at each time point, the 2 mg gum delivered the lowest concentrations at each time point. The nicotine nasal spray delivered nicotine the fastest of all the products. The Cannon delivered the highest blood nicotine concentration (mean 8.95 ng/ml) of all products one minute after device use had stopped, and the highest concentration (11 ng/ml) five minutes after termination of use. The Cannon showed it could deliver nicotine relatively rapidly in a manner that was readily tolerated by users.
Screening of Selected Indicators of Dairy Cattle Welfare in Macedonia
Authors: Radeski Miroslav , Janevski Aleksandar , Ilieski Vlatko 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The welfare state of cattle in dairy farms in Macedonia has never been assessed previously. The objective of this study was to perform screening analysis of dairy cows welfare and to test the practical implementation of the Welfare Quality® Assessment protocol for cattle in dairy farms in Macedonia. In ten small scale and large scale tie stall farms 23 measures were recorded related to 9 welfare criteria of 4 welfare principles (WP) described in the Welfare Quality® Assessment protocol for dairy cows. The mean percentage of very lean cows was 40.5±9.1%. All assessed farms were not providing access to pasture and an outdoor loafing area. Regarding cleanliness, the presence of dirty udder, upper leg/flank and lower leg was 65.2±9.0%, 85.5±8.0% and 86.5±5.8%, respectively. The overall prevalence of lameness was 5.6±5.0%, and for mild and severe alterations it was 30.8±5.8% and 54.1±4.6%, respectively. The ocular and vulvar discharge, diarrhea, dystocia, percentage of downer cows and mortality rate exceeded the warning and alarm threshold. The avoidance - distance test classified 70.4±6.8% as animals that can be touched or approached closer than 50cm, with overall score of 42.9±3.5. This screening reveals that the most welfare concerns are found in the WP Good Feeding and Good Housing. The on-farm welfare assessment using the full protocol on a representative sample of farms in the country is highly recommended for emphasizing the key points for improving the animal welfare in Macedonian dairy farms.
Maintenance of Nucleosomal Balance incisby Conserved AAA-ATPase Yta7
Authors: Lombardi Laura M , Davis Matthew D , Rine Jasper 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe extent of chromatin compaction is a fundamental driver of nuclear metabolism . Yta7 is a chromatin-associated AAA-ATPase, the human ortholog of which, ANCCA/ATAD2 transcriptionally activates pathways of malignancy in a broad range of cancers. Yta7 directly binds histone H3, and bulk chromatin exhibits increased nucleosomal density in yta7Δ mutants. The suppression of yta7Δ mutant growth and transcriptional phenotypes in budding yeast by decreased dosage of histones H3 and H4 indicates the acute sensitivity of cells to deviations in nucleosome spacing. This study investigated the global changes in chromatin structure upon Yta7 loss or overexpression and determined which of these effects reflected direct Yta7 activity. Metagene analysis of Yta7’s genome-wide localization indicated peak binding of Yta7 just downstream of the transcription start site. Cells lacking Yta7 exhibited increased nucleosome density within genes downstream of the +1 nucleosome, as defined by decreased internucleosomal distance, resulting in progressively 5′-shifted nucleosomes within the gene. In contrast, cells overexpressing Yta7 displayed profound 3′-shifts in nucleosome position and reduced nucleosome density within genes. Importantly, Yta7-bound regions were enriched for nucleosomal shifts, indicating that Yta7 acted locally to modulate nucleosome spacing. The phenotype of cells lacking both Yta7 and Rtt106, the histone H3/H4 chaperone, indicated that Yta7 functions in both Rtt106-dependent and Rtt106-independent ways to modulate nucleosome spacing within genes. This study suggested that Yta7 affected nucleosome density throughout the gene by both blocking Rtt106 from entering the gene, as shown previously at HTA1, and facilitating the loss of nucleosomes from the 5′-end.
Efficiently Tracking Selection in a Multiparental Population: The Case of Earliness in Wheat
Authors: Thépot Stéphanie , Restoux Gwendal , Goldringer Isabelle , Hospital Frédéric , Gouache David , Mackay Ian , Enjalbert Jérôme 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Multiparental populations are innovative tools for fine mapping large numbers of loci. Here we explored the application of a wheat Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) population for QTL mapping. This population was created by 12 generations of free recombination among 60 founder lines, following modification of the mating system from strict selfing to strict outcrossing using the ms1b nuclear male sterility gene. Available parents and a subset of 380 SSD lines of the resulting MAGIC population were phenotyped for earliness and genotyped with the 9K i-Select SNP array and additional markers in candidate genes controlling heading date. We demonstrated that 12 generations of strict outcrossing rapidly and drastically reduced linkage disequilibrium to very low levels even at short map distances and also greatly reduced the population structure exhibited among the parents. We developed a Bayesian method, based on allelic frequency, to estimate the contribution of each parent in the evolved population. To detect loci under selection and estimate selective pressure, we also developed a new method comparing shifts in allelic frequency between the initial and the evolved populations due to both selection and genetic drift with expectations under drift only. This evolutionary approach allowed us to identify 26 genomic areas under selection. Using association tests between flowering time and polymorphisms, 6 of these genomic areas appeared to carry flowering time QTL, 1 of which corresponds to Ppd-D1, a major gene involved in the photoperiod sensitivity. Frequency shifts at 4 of 6 areas were consistent with earlier flowering of the evolved population relative to the initial population. The use of this new outcrossing wheat population, mixing numerous initial parental lines through multiple generations of panmixia, is discussed in terms of power to detect genes under selection and association mapping. Furthermore we provide new statistical methods for use in future analyses of multiparental populations.
Normal Segregation of a Foreign-Species Chromosome During Drosophila Female Meiosis Despite Extensive Heterochromatin Divergence
Authors: Gilliland William D , Colwell Eileen M , Osiecki David M , Park Suna , Lin Deanna , Rathnam Chandramouli , Barbash Daniel A 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The abundance and composition of heterochromatin changes rapidly between species and contributes to hybrid incompatibility and reproductive isolation. Heterochromatin differences may also destabilize chromosome segregation and cause meiotic drive, the non-Mendelian segregation of homologous chromosomes. Here we use a range of genetic and cytological assays to examine the meiotic properties of a Drosophila simulans chromosome 4 (sim-IV) introgressed into D. melanogaster. These two species differ by ∼12–13% at synonymous sites and several genes essential for chromosome segregation have experienced recurrent adaptive evolution since their divergence. Furthermore, their chromosome 4s are visibly different due to heterochromatin divergence, including in the AATAT pericentromeric satellite DNA. We find a visible imbalance in the positioning of the two chromosome 4s in sim-IV/mel-IV heterozygote and also replicate this finding with a D. melanogaster 4 containing a heterochromatic deletion. These results demonstrate that heterochromatin abundance can have a visible effect on chromosome positioning during meiosis. Despite this effect, however, we find that sim-IV segregates normally in both diplo and triplo 4 D. melanogaster females and does not experience elevated nondisjunction. We conclude that segregation abnormalities and a high level of meiotic drive are not inevitable byproducts of extensive heterochromatin divergence. Animal chromosomes typically contain large amounts of noncoding repetitive DNA that nevertheless varies widely between species. This variation may potentially induce non-Mendelian transmission of chromosomes. We have examined the meiotic properties and transmission of a highly diverged chromosome 4 from a foreign species within the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster. This chromosome has substantially less of a simple sequence repeat than does D. melanogaster 4, and we find that this difference results in altered positioning when chromosomes align during meiosis. Yet this foreign chromosome segregates at normal frequencies, demonstrating that chromosome segregation can be robust to major differences in repetitive DNA abundance.
Health‐related quality of life and working conditions on public transport workers in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 2012
Authors: Silva Luiz Sérgio , Assunção Ada Ávila 
Published: November 2014

Health‐related quality of life and working conditions on public transport workers in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 2012: Luiz Sérgio SILVA, et al. School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil—ObjectivesDrivers and conductors working in public transport are frequently exposed to inadequate working conditions and consequently to health problems relating to their work activities. This study investigates the relationship between the working conditions of drivers and conductors in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte and their perception of health‐related quality of life.MethodHealth‐related quality of life was measured in a sample of 1,607 public transport workers in the city of Belo Horizonte using the SF‐12 (Medical Outcomes Study Short‐Form General Health Survey). The presence and magnitude of independent associations between the SF‐12 domains and the exposure variables were determined by means of odds ratios obtained through logistic regression.ResultsAfter adjustments, the PCS (Physical Component Score) was found to be negatively associated with the existence of breaks during the working day and positively associated with unavailability of technical resources for meeting needs. The MCS (Mental Component Score) was positively associated with being female, having two or more medical diagnoses of illnesses, absenteeism and recent episodes of aggression or threats, and feeling vibration in the whole body. The MCS was negatively associated with the practice of physical exercise. Both components were negatively associated with older age and positively associated with having a poor self‐assessment of health.ConclusionsExposure to a variety of risk factors while performing work worsened health‐related quality of life. The results obtained may provide support for rethinking and guiding public policies directed towards metropolitan populations.
Severe acute hepatitis in a printing company worker: A case study
Authors: Kubo Shoji , Matsuzaki Koichi , Seki Toshihito , Ohsawa Masahiko , Kumagai Shinji , Endo Ginji 
Published: November 2014

Severe acute hepatitis in a printing company worker: A case study: Shoji KUBO, et al. Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine—ObjectivesIt has been reported that chlorinated organic solvent is a cause of hepatitis.Methodswe investigate clinical and pathological findings of a patient with severe acute hepatitis who was exposed to chlorinated organic solvents.ResultsA 34‐year‐old man who was exposed to chlorinated organic solvents including dichloromethane, 1,2‐dichloropropane, and trichloroethylene, presented with general fatigue, vomiting, and diarrhea. At admission, his laboratory test results showed extremely elevated aspartate aminotransferase (4,872 IU/l), alanine aminotransferase (3,000 IU/l), and lactate dehydrogenase (11,600 IU/l) levels and a prothrombin level below normal (41%). No encephalopathy was noted. These findings were indicative of severe acute hepatitis. Viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic disease, bile duct disease, and viral infection were excluded as causes of hepatitis by clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings. After diagnosis, the patient was administered fresh frozen plasma and glucagon‐insulin therapy. Liver function recovered within a few weeks, and a liver biopsy performed 25 days after admission showed the recovery phase after acute liver damage.ConclusionsThese clinical and pathological findings indicate that exposure to chlorinated organic solvents may have induced severe acute hepatitis in this patient.
Editorial V.12, N.2
Authors: Torres Bayardo Baptista , Galembeck Eduardo , Hornink Gabriel Gerber , Trindade Vera Treis 
Published: November 2014

Editorial 2014 - 2A Revista de Ensino de Bioquímica está atualizando sua política editorial, possibilitando o envio dos artigos em inglês, além do português e espanhol, que antes era somente para casos especiais.Visando adequar-se às políticas editoriais de revistas para a indexação, a REB passou a ser publicada em dois números regulares anuais (antes havia o número especial), com fluxo contínuo de publicação. Isso significa que, uma vez aberto o número do semestre, os artigos aprovados serão publicados assim que aceitos no número vigente.Ao fim de cada semestre, será publicado o número completo, incluindo sumário, editorial, todo expediente do período e os trabalhos do semestre findo.Destacamos que no ano que vem (2015) ocorrerá no Brasil a reunião da International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB), juntamente com a reunião anual da SBBq. O evento ocorrerá em Foz do Iguaçu, de 24 a 28 de agosto de 2015 (http://www.sbbq.org.br/iubmb2015).Convidamos a todos para apresentarem seus trabalhos na área educacional e conhecer os editores da Revista. Atenciosamente,Bayardo B. Torres - USPEduardo Galembeck - UnicampGabriel G. Hornink - Unifal-MGVera Maria T. Trindade - UFRGS