bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of different radiographic methods to measure the slip angle in children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)
Authors: Lindell Mikael , Nilsson Jens , Herngren Bengt , Örtegren Jakob , Stenmarker Margaretha , Tiderius Carl Johan , Michno Piotr 
Published: August 2024

Background The management of patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) requires imaging diagnostics of good quality and accurate measurement of the degree of slippage. In Sweden, three different radiological methods are commonly used: the calcar femorale method; the Billing method; and the Head-shaft angle described by Southwick. Purpose To evaluate whether any of the three most common methods used in Sweden to measure the slip angle was more useful and reproducible than the others. Material and Methods Two experienced orthopaedists measured the slip angle in preoperative hip radiographs. Intra- and inter-observer variability between the two experienced observers and the reported value by clinicians who treated the child with SCFE was evaluated. Results The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) confidence interval (CI) between the two experienced observers and the reporting clinicians overlapped for the three methods. In 37% of the cases, the difference was more than 5° between the experienced observers’ measurement and the reported value by clinicians. The two experienced orthopaedists' intra- and inter-observer variability was low. Conclusion The observer's experience is more important than the method of choice when measuring the slip angle in SCFE. The research group recommends the calcar femorale method due to its feasibility on the versatile and commonly used frog leg lateral view.
Load Distribution After Serial Resection of the Posterior Horn of the Lateral Meniscus and Subsequent Meniscal Allograft Transplant: A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Ambra Luiz Felipe , Mestriner Alexandre Barbieri , Ackermann Jakob , Mameri Enzo S. , Gomoll Andreas H. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Data are lacking as to when a meniscal allograft transplant (MAT) may be biomechanically superior to a partially resected lateral meniscus. Hypothesis: Lateral MAT using a bone bridge technique would restore load distribution and contact pressures in the tibiofemoral joint to levels superior to those of a partial lateral meniscectomy. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Eleven fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees were evaluated in 5 lateral meniscal testing conditions (native, one-third posterior horn meniscectomy, two-thirds posterior horn meniscectomy, total meniscectomy, MAT) at 3 flexion angles (0°, 30°, and 60°) under a 1600-N axial load. Pressure sensors were used to acquire contact pressure, contact area, and peak contact pressure within the tibiofemoral joint. Results: Limited (one-third and two-thirds) partial lateral posterior horn meniscectomy showed no significant increase in mean and peak contact pressures as well as no significant decrease in contact area compared with the intact state. Total meniscectomy significantly increased mean contact pressure at 0° and 30° ( P = .008 and P < .001, respectively), increased peak contact pressure at 30° ( P = .04), and decreased mean contact area in all flexion angles compared with the native condition ( P < .01). Lateral MAT significantly improved mean contact pressure compared with total meniscectomy at 0° and 30° ( P = .002 and P = .003, respectively) and increased contact area at 30° and 60° ( P = .003 and P = .009, respectively), although contact area was still significantly smaller (24.1%) after MAT relative to the native meniscus (P = 0.015). However, allograft transplant did not result in better tibiofemoral contact biomechanics compared with limited partial meniscectomy ( P > .05). Conclusion: The peripheral portion of the lateral meniscus provided the most important contribution to the distribution of contact pressure across the tibiofemoral joint in the cadaveric model. Total meniscectomy significantly increased mean and peak contact pressure in the cadaveric model and decreased contact area. Lateral MAT restored contact biomechanics close to normal but was not superior to the partially meniscectomized status. Clinical Relevance: Surgeons should attempt to preserve a peripheral rim of the posterior lateral meniscus. Meniscal allograft transplant appears to improve but not normalize mean contact pressure and contact area relative to total lateral meniscectomy.
Comparative effectiveness of oblique lumbar interbody fusion with anterior screw fixation versus percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for treating lumbar degenerative diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fatima Laveeza , Tebha Sameer S , Farid Rabeya , Kamran Aemen , Edamakanti Sravan KR , Farrukh Mohammad F 
Published: August 2024

Purpose Lumbar degenerative diseases impose a substantial health burden, prompting the exploration of advanced surgical approaches such as Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion (OLIF). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the comparative efficacy of OLIF with anterior screw fixation (OLIF-AF) against OLIF with posterior pedicle fixation (OLIF-PF) in addressing these conditions. Methods A systematic search across multiple databases identified five studies meeting inclusion criteria, incorporating a total of 271 patients. Comparative analysis encompasses primary and secondary outcomes related to fusion rates, intraoperative parameters, patient-reported measures, and radiographic assessments. Results Primary outcome analysis demonstrated no statistically significant difference in total fusion rates between OLIF-AF and OLIF-PF. However, secondary outcomes revealed distinct advantages in OLIF-AF, showcasing lower intraoperative blood loss and reduced operative times compared to OLIF-PF. Nonetheless, patient-reported outcomes, encompassing measures such as pain scores and functional assessments, as well as radiographic parameters, exhibited no significant variations between the two techniques. Conclusion While OLIF-AF displayed favorable results in intraoperative parameters, such as reduced blood loss and shorter operative times, it did not significantly differ in patient-reported outcomes and radiographic assessments compared to OLIF-PF. Interpretation of findings must consider limitations in sample sizes and study heterogeneity. Future investigations with larger, more diverse cohorts and extended follow-ups are imperative to confirm these preliminary findings and comprehend the actual clinical impact of these OLIF techniques in managing lumbar degenerative diseas.
Age-related trends in urine specific gravity in apparently healthy cats
Authors: Rudinsky Adam J , Parker Valerie J , Morrison JoAnn , Spofford Nathaniel , Nikahd Melica , Topdjian Kseniya , Byron Julie M , Winston Jenessa A , Langston Cathy , Quimby Jessica M 
Published: August 2024

Objectives Urine specific gravity (USG) is the most common method for the estimation of urine concentration in cats. Utilization of USG as a screening tool is easily accessible and is of low cost to the client if strategically utilized in settings of higher diagnostic value. There is currently minimal population information regarding how USG changes across ages in cats. Methods Data were collected from electronic pet medical records from more than 1000 hospitals and screened for cats with an apparently healthy clinical status and complete diagnostic information. USG was compared with age in multiple analyses to examine the relationship between the variables. Results In the absence of other indicators of disease, renal concentrating ability begins to diminish, on average, starting at approximately 9 years of age. By age group, cats aged 11–15 years (1.044, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.043–1.044) had statistically significantly lower mean USGs compared with cats aged less than 1 year (1.049, 95% CI 1.048–1.051; P <0.001), 1–6 years (1.049, 95% CI 1.049–1.050; P <0.001) or 7–10 years (1.049, 95% CI 1.048–1.049; P <0.001). Cats aged ⩾15 years (1.038, 95% CI 1.036–1.040) had statistically significantly lower mean USGs compared with cats aged less than 1 year ( P <0.001), 1–6 years ( P <0.001), 7–10 years ( P <0.001) or 11–15 years ( P <0.001). Conclusions and relevance Renal concentrating ability begins to diminish, on average, starting at approximately 9 years of age and is progressive as cat age increases. This study provides important and new information to help improve screening practices for disorders of concentrating ability in cats.
Noise and flow characteristics of variable backwards- and forward-facing steps and gaps in laminar boundary layer
Authors: Zeng Mingkai , Li Yong 
Published: August 2024

The noise and flow characteristics of combined backwards-facing and forward-facing steps (BFS and FFS) are experimentally investigated in an acoustic wind tunnel using a far-field microphone array and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), respectively. The step models considered have a step height H of 10∼40 mm and a step gap L of 10∼100 mm, and the Reynolds number is ( Re H=) 2.1 × 105∼1.1 × 106. The incoming flow boundary layer is laminar, and the step height is approximately 3∼28 of the boundary layer thickness. The results show that the noise is closely related to the step type, step height H and the gap L. In the step-only configuration, the BFS noise does not vary with the step height H 1 and is much lower than the FFS noise, of which the sound pressure level depends on U 0 5.8∼ U 0 6.2 within the height range H 2. As for the combined step model (BFS&FFS), the noise spectrum changes significantly with the step heights and gaps. When H 1> H 2, the noise spectrum resembles the BFS-only due to the flow shield of the FFS from the upstream BFS. When H 1< H 2, the noise spectrum is dominated by the FFS, especially at higher H 2 or longer gap L due to more face area of the FFS exposed to the incoming flow. As H 1= H 2, the noise resembles the BFS in the low-frequency range and the FFS at high frequencies, respectively. Generally, the step-only and BFS&FFS have broadband noise characteristics, except when the ratio L/H is small, the noise spectrum has the characteristics of a typical cavity dominated by tonal peaks.
Development of a new scale for self-reported procedural patient comfort during endovascular therapy for acute stroke
Authors: Mendes George , Poppe Alexandre Y. , Bereznyakova Olena , Deschaintre Yan , Gioia Laura , Odier Celine , Stapf Christian , Jacquin Gregory 
Published: August 2024

Introduction In stroke patients with acute large vessel occlusion, endovascular therapy (EVT) may be performed with or without sedation. Our aim is to describe self-reported intraprocedural comfort in patients undergoing EVT depending on sedation type. Methods We performed a prospective observational single-center study of patients undergoing EVT. Patients were systematically interviewed on the day following intervention using a structured questionnaire addressing five domains (nausea/vomiting, pain of any kind, physical discomfort, emotional discomfort, and medical team interaction). Each domain scored 0 to 2 points for a maximum total of 10 points (a higher score indicating greater discomfort). In addition, satisfaction with procedural comfort was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS), and patients reported whether they would have preferred more, less, or the same amount of sedation. Patients who underwent EVT without sedation (local anesthesia, LA) were compared to those who received procedural sedation (conscious sedation, CS). Results Seventy-seven questionnaires were completed: 37 (48%) patients underwent EVT with CS while 40 (52%) were treated under LA. Median scores on the self-reported discomfort scale (1[0–2] vs 1[0–2], p = 0.70) and mean scores on VAS (76 ± 25 vs 81 ± 24, p = 0.37) were similar between the CS and the LA group. The proportion of patients who were satisfied with the adopted sedation strategy was similar between groups. Conclusion EVT without prior sedation seems to be well tolerated. Systematic self-evaluation of patient comfort appears feasible and may become integrated into routine clinical care. Patient-oriented outcomes should be included in future trials of sedation during thrombectomy.
Adult’s Lived Experience Using the Insulin-Only Bionic Pancreas
Authors: Garza Kimberly P. , Howard Kelsey R. , Feldman Marissa , Weissberg-Benchell Jill 
Published: August 2024

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess adults’ perspectives after using the insulin-only Bionic Pancreas (BP) during a 13-week pivotal trial. Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems show promise in improving glycemic outcomes and reducing disease burden for those with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Understanding the lived experience of those using the BP can help to inform education and uptake of AID devices. Methods: Adults ages 19 to 75 (n = 40) participated in age-specific focus groups (19-25, 26-40, 41-64, and 65+) exploring their experiences, thoughts, and feelings about using the BP. Three authors analyzed the focus group data using a hybrid thematic approach. Results: Qualitative analysis of focus groups revealed 14 sub-themes falling into four major themes (diabetes burden, managing glucose levels, daily routine, and user experience). Although participants’ overall experience was positive, some reported struggles related to managing out-of-range glucose levels and challenges with the system responding to unique meal schedules and exercise regimens. Conclusion: This study captures patient perspectives regarding their experiences with a new AID system. Patient voice can inform device development and educational approaches for people with T1D. Identifying which patients may benefit the most from wearing this system may facilitate patient/clinician discussions regarding insulin delivery systems that best meet their individualized needs and expectations that may support device uptake and continued use.
Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Bacterial Activities of Artemisia vulgaris L. Essential Oil in Vietnam
Authors: Trinh Pham Thi Nhat , Tien Le Xuan , Danh Tong Thanh , Le Hang Dang Thi , Hoa Nguyen Van , Yen To Thi Bao , Dung Le Tien 
Published: August 2024

Background Artemisia vulgaris L. (AV) is a beneficial herb with therapeutic properties. This work aims to evaluate the compositions and bioactivity of essential oil from AV grown in Tiengiang, Vietnam. Methods The essential oils (AVEO) were extracted by hydrodistillation (HD), and the headspace volatiles (HS) were collected using the static headspace technique. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to examine the compositions of oils in detail. The agar well-diffusion technique was used to conduct the antibacterial test. Multi-concentration dilution method was used for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) determination. The cell viability was determined by the MTT method. Nitric oxide and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 were analyzed by Griess reagent or ELISA as described by the manufacturer. In addition, DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power assay were used to determine the antioxidant activity. Results The HD method yielded 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, β -caryophyllene, borneol, camphor, and δ-elemene were the most abundant components. In contrast, the HS approach produced the primary constituents being camphor, 2-methylbutanal, 1,8-cineole, and camphene. The HD showed antibacterial activities against E.coli, S.typhimurium, S .aureus, P.aeruginosa, and S.mutans, and inhibited the production of NO, TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7. Furthermore, the HD indicated moderate antioxidant activity. A hierarchical cluster analysis of essential oils from 22 regions shows that mugwort oils in Tiengiang, Vietnam, have a high level of δ-elemene (more than 5%), which is not common in oils from other species. The study's findings enhance our comprehension of the chemical components and chemical variety of mugwort oil across different sites and to help in the identification of the predominant species suitable for extracting essential oils for different purposes within the Artemisia vulgaris L. species. Conclusion These findings collectively suggest that essential oils derived from A. vulgaris have a range of potential therapeutic uses.
COVID-19 vaccine-associated vasculitis: A systematic review
Authors: Abuhammad Aseel , Albandak Maram , Ayyad Mohammed , Refayeh Eman , Qawasma Basema , Hour Shaima , Abu Thraiee Yazan , Sowaity Zaid A , Dukmak Osama , Jobran Afnan W. M. , Alamleh Laith 
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Post-COVID-19 vaccine-associated vasculitis stands as one of the most serious side effects attributed to COVID-19 vaccines. This complication encompasses diverse manifestations which vary in presentation and severity. Moreover, it can impact patients across all age groups, with a notably elevated incidence in the elderly. This systematic review seeks to review and evaluate the spectrum of vasculitis manifestations linked to COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was done by searching through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus up to October 2022. Articles including data about sex, age at diagnosis, vasculitis clinical manifestations, type of vaccination, most commonly used investigations, comorbid medical conditions, treatments, and clinical outcomes were included in the final analysis. Furthermore, vasculitis flare-ups post-vaccination were considered part of this review. Results: A total number of 117 studies describing 158 patients developing vasculitis following COVID-19 vaccination were included in the final analysis. Among the patients who developed vasculitis, the most administered type of vaccination was the mRNA vaccine subtype ( n = 103), followed by the viral vector vaccines ( n = 42) and inactivated viral vaccines ( n = 10). On the other hand, about 38% of vasculitis-related symptoms occurred after the administration of the first dose of the vaccine and 37% occurred after taking the second dose. The skin (60.7%) and the kidneys (27.8%) were the most affected organs and complete remission was achieved in 111 patients (70%), while partial remission occurred in 11% of the patient population. Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccine-induced vasculitis is a rare occurrence associated with COVID-19 vaccines. It generally presents a favorable prognosis and outcomes for the vast majority of patients, ultimately leading to full remission within days. This review emphasizes the notion that the advantages of COVID-19 vaccines outweigh the potential risks, particularly for individuals with compromised immune systems.
Medicare skilled nursing facilities’ occupancy and payer source: The moderating role of financial performance
Authors: Kim Hyunmin , Mahmood Asos , Chang Cyril F. , Dobalian Aram 
Published: August 2024

Objectives: While extensive research has focused on patient outcomes in skilled nursing facilities, a critical gap remains in understanding factors influencing their managerial performance, particularly occupancy rates. This study examines the occupancy rates of skilled nursing facilities and assesses the significance of two important drivers of managerial performance that have not received sufficient attention—the influence of payer mix and total profit margin. Specifically, we focused on the role played by a nursing home’s financial performance (as assessed by profit margin) in influencing the relationship between payer mix and occupancy rate among skilled nursing facilities. Methods: Data were extracted from the 2019 to 2020 Joint Annual Report of Nursing Homes for a sample of 612 skilled nursing facilities in Tennessee, USA. Regression analysis was performed by fitting a generalized estimating equation of occupancy rate. Results: Compared to skilled nursing facilities in the lowest quartile of profit margin, for example, those in the highest quartile had approximately 18 percentage points higher occupancy rates per unit increase in resident days of care covered by traditional Medicare (β = 0.18, p = 0.0028). Similarly, skilled nursing facilities in the second highest quartile of profit margin had a higher occupancy rate by approximately 23 percentage points per unit increase in Medicare Advantage (β = 0.23, p = 0.0375) when compared to those in the lowest quartile of profit margin. Conclusions: Skilled nursing facilities with stronger financial performance generally have higher occupancy rates, particularly notable in relation to an upswing in payer sources such as traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage, when compared to skilled nursing facilities with weaker profitability. Given the increasingly larger role of Medicare in long-term care funding, policymakers and nursing home managers may find it useful to consider our findings when evaluating opportunities to enhance managerial performance of skilled nursing facilities.
Surgical stabilisation of a traumatic cervical subluxation in a cat
Authors: Gugliotta Lisa , Cabon Quentin 
Published: August 2024

Case summary A 2-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat presented with tetraparesis after being involved in a road traffic accident. Survey spine radiographs revealed a C2–C3 cervical subluxation, which was confirmed by a CT scan. Surgical stabilisation was performed using screws and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) via a ventral approach. A postoperative CT scan demonstrated correct implant positioning and good reduction of the subluxation. After surgery, the cat rapidly recovered to a neurologically normal status. Relevance and novel information Trauma-induced cervical subluxation is an uncommon occurrence in cats but should be considered in the differential diagnosis. This report describes the surgical management of a C2–C3 cervical subluxation in a cat using screws and PMMA. This is the first case report of a surgically treated subaxial cervical subluxation in a cat.