bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Consumers Strategic? Structural Estimation from the Air-Travel Industry
Authors: Li Jun , Granados Nelson , Netessine Serguei 
Published: March 2014

Consumers often consider delaying a purchase strategically, anticipating that prices might decrease. Combining two unique data sources from the air-travel industry (posted fare data and booking data), we use a structural model to estimate the fraction of strategic consumers in the population, assuming different levels of sophistication in consumers' perception of future prices: perfect foresight and weak- and strong-form rational expectations. We find that 5.2% to 19.2% of the population is strategic across markets, measured by the first and third quartiles. Our intermarket analysis indicates that shorter trips with more attractive outside options are populated with more strategic consumers. Using a nonparametric approach, we further find that most strategic consumers arrive either at the beginning of the booking horizon or close to departure. Finally, our counterfactual analysis shows that, contrary to conventional wisdom, the presence of strategic consumers does not necessarily hurt revenues. Rather, the impact varies by market. Commitment to a nondecreasing pricing strategy is more likely to benefit business markets than leisure markets, or it could even hurt leisure markets. Intermarket analysis shows that city pairs with lower Internet penetration, higher average price, and shorter distances tend to benefit more from such commitment as well. This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Migration of metaphors: Making sense of music in the lives of the urban poor in Dhaka city
Authors: Mohammad Din 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Urban folk is an emerging trend in popular music in Bangladesh, which has become prevalent in audio media quite recently with, among others, the emergence of a new generation of artists and musicians. The present article explores the relationship between popular music and the experience of migration by looking at the lyrical contents of a number of urban folk songs and is particularly interested in the metaphoric reconstruction at work within urban folk music that acts to signify the formation of new cultural identity for rural migrants in Dhaka city.
Home and back again: Texts and contexts in Turkish immigrant theatre in France
Authors: Schneider Annedith 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This article argues that the public space of theatre in an immigrant language can contribute to making immigrants and their offspring feel at home in the host country. In France, however, there is little public support for theatre in immigrant languages, since it is perceived as segregating immigrants from French cultural spaces and encouraging communautarisme, or the fragmentation of society along ethnic or religious lines, thus violating the spirit of equality inscribed in the constitution. Through interviews with the Turkish-French theatre group Kebab Show and analysis of their plays, this article argues that what anti-communautaristes see as theatre intended to segregate immigrant communities may instead contribute to making them at home in France. For older members of the community, native-language theatre provides a bridge between the country of origin and France. For their children and grandchildren born in France, this native-language theatre publicly acknowledges a part of themselves that is usually relegated to private home spaces. Filled with word play and humorous situations that require knowledge of both Turkish and French cultures, such theatre suggests the important role that native and bilingual theatre can play in the process of helping all the generations of an immigrant community feel at home.
Efficient Direct-Drive Small-Scale Low-Speed Wind Turbine
Authors: Kishore Ravi Anant , Marin Anthony , Priya Shashank 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
There is growing need for the green, reliable, and cost-effective power solution for the expanding wireless microelectronic devices. In many scenarios, these needs can be met through a small-scale wind energy portable turbine (SWEPT) that operates near ground level where wind speed is of the order of few meters per second. SWEPT is a three-bladed, 40 cm rotor diameter, direct-drive, horizontal-axis wind turbine that has very low cut-in wind speed of 1.7 m/s. It operates in a wide range of wind speeds between 1.7 m/s and 10 m/s and produces rated power output of 1 W at wind speed of 4.0 m/s. The wind turbine is capable of producing electrical power up to 9.8 W at wind speed of 10 m/s. The maximum efficiency of SWEPT was found to be around 21% which makes it one of the most efficient wind turbines reported at the small scale and low wind speed. These advancements open many new opportunities for embedding and utilizing wireless and portable devices.
Application of Response Surface Methodology and Central Composite Rotatable Design for Modeling and Optimization of Catalyst Compositions in Ethanol Synthesis via CO Hydrogenation
Authors: Li Fang , Ma Hongfang , Ying Weiyong 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A statistical analysis about the effect of catalyst compositions on ethanol synthesis from CO hydrogenation was studied. The effect of Rh loading (0–3 wt.%), Fe loading (2–10 wt.%) and Mn loading (0.5–2.5 wt.%) of RhMnFe/γ-Al2O3 was studied through response surface methodology (RSM) combined with a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). A linear and a quadratic model were proposed to correlate the three variables to the two responses: CO conversion and ethanol selectivity. The predicted values for ethanol selectivity were in a good agreement with the experimental values, with R2 of 0.9779. The optimum conditions for achieving the maximum ethanol selectivity (27.8%) while limiting CO conversion at a moderate level (>20%) were as follows: Rh loading of 2.5 wt.%, Mn loading of 2.5 wt.% and Fe loading of 4 wt.%. Two representing catalysts were characterized by XRD, TPR and DRIFTS.
Modeling Uncertainties in Power System by Generalized Lambda Distribution
Authors: Xiao Qing 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis paper employs the generalized lambda distribution (GLD) to model random variables with various probability distributions in power system. In the context of the probability weighted moment (PWM), an optimization-free method is developed to assess the parameters of GLD. By equating the first four PWMs of GLD with those of the target random variable, a polynomial equation with one unknown is derived to solve for the parameters of GLD. When employing GLD to model correlated multivariate random variables, a method of accommodating the dependency is put forward. Finally, three examples are worked to demonstrate the proposed method.
The Oxidation of Rhenium and Identification of Rhenium Oxides During Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Ethylene: An In-Situ XPS Study
Authors: Greiner Mark T. , Rocha Tulio C. R. , Johnson Benjamin , Klyushin Alexander , Knop-Gericke Axel , Schlögl Robert 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Rhenium is catalytically active for many valuable chemical reactions,
and consequently has been the subject of scientific investigation for
several decades. However, little is known about the chemical identity
of the species present on rhenium surfaces during catalytic reactions
because techniques for investigating catalyst surfaces in-situ – such
as near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) –
have only recently become available. In the current work, we present
an in-situ XPS study of rhenium catalysts. We examine the oxidized
rhenium species that form on a metallic rhenium foil in an oxidizing
atmosphere, a reducing atmosphere, and during a model catalytic
reaction (i.e. the partial-oxidation of ethylene).
We find that, in an oxidizing environment, a Re2O7 film
forms on the metal surface, with buried layers of sub-oxides that
contain Re4+, Re2+ and Re
δ+ (δ ∼ 1)
species at the Re2O7/Re interface. The Re2+ containing
sub-oxide is not a known bulk oxide, and is only known to exist on
rhenium-metal surfaces. The Re2O7 film sublimes at a very
low temperature (ca. 150 ℃), while the
Re4+, Re2+ and Re
δ+ species remain stable in
oxidizing conditions up to at least 450 ℃. In
a reducing atmosphere of H2, the Re2+ species remain on the
surface up to a temperature of 330 ℃, while
Re
δ+ species can be detected even at
550 ℃.
Under conditions for partial-oxidation of ethylene, we find that the
active rhenium catalyst surface contains no bulk-stable oxides, but
consists of mainly Re2+ species and small amounts of Re4+
species. When the catalyst is cooled and inactive, Re2O7 is
found to form on the surface. These results suggest that Re2+ and
Re4+ species may be active species in heterogeneous rhenium
catalysts.
Probing Phase Transitions with Supersonic Beams – A Joint Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Christen Wolfgang 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Pulsed, supersonic beams of propane have been investigated by
mass-resolved time-of-flight measurements as a function of source
pressure, covering sub- and supercritical expansion conditions. The
experimental observation of a pronounced change in the terminal flow
velocity is explained in terms of a thermodynamic model that is
capable of describing the expansion of gases, liquids, and
supercritical fluids; in particular, it allows the treatment of the
vapor-liquid phase boundary and the critical point. Its major
prediction is a distinct pressure dependence of the mean terminal flow
velocity that is caused by condensation both in the stagnation
reservoir and during the jet expansion. The agreement with
experimental data is excellent.
An Adaptive Network Fuzzy Inference System Approach for Site investigation
Authors: Jelušič Primož , Žlender Bojan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Site investigation has to be effective and must be carried out in a systematic way. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the number of investigation points, field tests, and laboratory tests for a description of a building site. Such an assessment depends on many parameters based on experiences which cannot be physically evaluated. The guidance on spacing is available from many sources, and such guidance provides a starting point for the extent of investigation. The recommendations were examined and used for building of the model to predict the optimal number of investigation points. Several parameters with the biggest influence on the number of investigation points were considered. The influence of each parameter was determined on the basis of recommendations and engineering judgment. Increments of the minimum number of investigation points for a different building site conditions were used to construct the model with adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The formed ANFIS-SI model was applied on reference cases. There is a good agreement between the model and the reference cases. Additionally, the recommendations for the type and frequency of tests in each stratum are provided to optimize the soil investigation. The ANFIS-SI model, with integrated recommendations, can be used as a systematic decision support tool for engineers to evaluate the number of investigation points for a description of the building site.
Unique Features of the Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Megagenome Revealed Through Sequence Annotation
Authors: Wegrzyn Jill L , Liechty John D , Stevens Kristian A , Wu Le-Shin , Loopstra Carol A , Vasquez-Gross Hans A , Dougherty William M , Lin Brian Y , Zieve Jacob J , Martínez-García Pedro J , Holt Carson , Yandell Mark , Zimin Aleksey V , Yorke James A , Crepeau Marc W , Puiu Daniela , Salzberg Steven L , de Jong Pieter J , Mockaitis Keithanne , Main Doreen , Langley Charles H , Neale David B 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The largest genus in the conifer family Pinaceae is Pinus, with over 100 species. The size and complexity of their genomes (∼20–40 Gb, 2n = 24) have delayed the arrival of a well-annotated reference sequence. In this study, we present the annotation of the first whole-genome shotgun assembly of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.), which comprises 20.1 Gb of sequence. The MAKER-P annotation pipeline combined evidence-based alignments and ab initio predictions to generate 50,172 gene models, of which 15,653 are classified as high confidence. Clustering these gene models with 13 other plant species resulted in 20,646 gene families, of which 1554 are predicted to be unique to conifers. Among the conifer gene families, 159 are composed exclusively of loblolly pine members. The gene models for loblolly pine have the highest median and mean intron lengths of 24 fully sequenced plant genomes. Conifer genomes are full of repetitive DNA, with the most significant contributions from long-terminal-repeat retrotransposons. In depth analysis of the tandem and interspersed repetitive content yielded a combined estimate of 82%.
Electrical Property of Transparent TiO2:Nb / ZnO:Ga Layered Film
Authors: Ichiyanagi Seiji , Yamada Yasuji , Funaki Shuhei 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTNb-doped TiO2 (TNO) films, Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) films and TNO/GZO layered films were fabricated on glass substrates and electrical properties of TNO/GZO layered films were investigated in terms of interaction between TNO and GZO layers. By a thermal annealing in vacuum, the observed resistivity of the TNO/GZO layered films was lower than that of the single layered films fabricated and annealed at the same conditions. The resistivity reduction observed in the layered structure is not explained by the parallel connection of the TNO and GZO layers, indicating that there exists an interaction between these two layers. The TNO/GZO films with low resistivity have still been transparent.
Physical Activity and Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Diabetic Adults From Great Britain: Pooled Analysis of 10 Population-Based Cohorts
Authors: Sadarangani Kabir P. , Hamer Mark , Mindell Jenny S. , Coombs Ngaire A. , Stamatakis Emmanuel 
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE
To examine associations between specific types of physical activity and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a large nationally representative sample of adults with diabetes from Great Britain.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
There were a total of 3,038 participants (675 deaths) with diabetes in the Health Survey for England and the Scottish Health Surveys conducted between 1997 and 2008. Participants aged ≥50 years at baseline were followed up for an average of 75.2 months for all-cause and CVD mortality. Data were collected on self-reported frequency, duration, and intensity of participation in sports and exercise, walking, and domestic physical activity, from which the number of MET-hours/week were derived. Sex-specific medians of time spent in each type of physical activity (for those physically active) were calculated, and Cox proportional hazards regression conducted to examine type-specific associations between the level of physical activity and all-cause and CVD mortality risk.

RESULTS
Inverse associations with all-cause and CVD mortality were observed for overall physical activity in a dose-response manner after adjusting for covariates. Compared with those who individuals were inactive, participants who reported some activity, but below the recommended amount, or who met the physical activity recommendations had a 26% (95% CI 39–11) and 35% (95% CI 47–21) lower all-cause mortality, respectively. Similar results were found for below/above median physical activity levels. Sports and exercise participation was inversely associated with all-cause (but not CVD) mortality, as were above average levels of walking. Domestic physical activity was not associated with mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
Moderate physical activity levels were associated with better prognosis in diabetic adults.
Association Between Short Leukocyte Telomere Length, Endotoxemia, and Severe Periodontitis in People With Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Masi Stefano , Gkranias Nikolaos , Li KaWa , Salpea Klelia D. , Parkar Mohamed , Orlandi Marco , Suvan Jean E. , Eng Heng L. , Taddei Stefano , Patel Kalpesh , Darbar Ulpee , Donos Nikos , Deanfield John E. , Hurel Steve , Humphries Steve E. , D’Aiuto Francesco 
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE
Shortened leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and diagnosis of periodontitis are associated with an increased risk of complications and mortality in diabetes. This study investigated the association between LTL, endotoxemia, and severity of periodontitis in a large cohort of people with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Six hundred thirty individuals (371 with type 2 and 259 with type 1 diabetes) were recruited from the University College Hospital in London, U.K. During a baseline visit, blood was collected for standard biochemical tests and DNA extraction, while a dental examination was performed to determine diagnosis and extent of periodontitis. LTL was measured by real-time PCR, and endotoxemia was assessed by the limulus amoebocyte lysate method.

RESULTS
Two hundred fifty-five individuals were diagnosed with gingivitis, 327 with periodontitis (114 with moderate and 213 with severe disease), and 48 with edentulous. Diagnosis of periodontitis was associated with shorter LTL (P = 0.04). A negative association between LTL and endotoxemia was found in the severe periodontitis and type 2 diabetes groups (P = 0.01 for both). Shorter LTL was associated with increased extent of periodontitis (P = 0.01) and increased insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment). Multiple adjustments for biochemical, anthropometric, and medication-use variables did not affect the results.

CONCLUSIONS
LTL is associated with endotoxemia and diagnosis of periodontitis in people with diabetes. LTL shortening might represent a novel biological pathway accounting for previous epidemiological data that documented higher prevalence of diabetes and its complications in people with periodontitis and vice versa.
Investigation of a Mycobacterium bovis outbreak in cattle at a Colorado dairy in 2010
Authors: Francisco Tolani I. , Orloski Kathleen A. , Roberts Nancy J. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Objective—To describe an epidemiological investigation of a bovine tuberculosis outbreak on a Colorado dairy operation.
Procedures—A cull dairy cow infected with Mycobacterium bovis (index cow) was detected at a Texas abattoir during routine slaughter surveillance and subsequent diagnostic testing. This initiated an epidemiological investigation that was performed in accordance with USDA regulations.
Results—The index cow was traced back to a Colorado dairy (index herd). Of the 908 cattle in the index herd, 101 (11.1%; 86 adult cattle > 2 years old and 15 immature cattle ≤ 2 years old) were infected with M bovis. Fourteen M bovis–infected cattle ≤ 2 years old were identified on 5 additional premises that had purchased cattle from the index herd directly or indirectly. All 115 affected cattle were infected with the same genetic type (spoligotype) of M bovis. A substantial proportion of cattle that left the index herd during the 5 years previous to the identification of the index cow were untraceable because of a lack of unique animal identification and inadequate records.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that neonatal calves can have an important role in the transmission of M bovis. Also, this report highlights the exigent need for unique individual identification of livestock, including neonatal animals, so that thorough epidemiological investigations of reportable (zoonotic or foreign animal) diseases can be conducted when necessary.
Effects of maropitant, acepromazine, and electroacupuncture on vomiting associated with administration of morphine in dogs
Authors: Koh Ronald B. , Isaza Natalie , Xie Huisheng , Cooke Kirsten , Robertson Sheilah A. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate effects of maropitant, acepromazine, and electroacupuncture on morphine-related signs of nausea and vomiting in dogs and assess sedative effects of the treatments.
Design—Randomized controlled clinical trial.
Animals—222 dogs.
Procedures—Dogs received 1 of 6 treatments: injection of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, maropitant citrate, or acepromazine maleate or electroacupuncture treatment at 1 acupoint, 5 acupoints, or a sham acupoint. Morphine was administered after 20 minutes of electroacupuncture treatment or 20 minutes after injectable treatment. Vomiting and retching events and signs of nausea and sedation were recorded.
Results—Incidence of vomiting and retching was significantly lower in the maropitant (14/37 [37.8%]) group than in the saline solution (28/37 [75.7%]) and sham-acupoint electroacupuncture (32/37 [86.5%]) groups. The number of vomiting and retching events in the maropitant (21), acepromazine (38), 1-acupoint (35), and 5-acupoint (34) groups was significantly lower than in the saline solution (88) and sham-acupoint electroacupuncture (109) groups. Incidence of signs of nausea was significantly lower in the acepromazine group (3/37 [8.1%]) than in the sham-acupoint group (15/37 [40.5%]). Mean nausea scores for the saline solution, maropitant, and sham-acupoint electroacupuncture groups increased significantly after morphine administration, whereas those for the acepromazine, 1-acupoint electroacupuncture, and 5-acupoint electroacupuncture groups did not. Mean sedation scores after morphine administration were significantly higher in dogs that received acepromazine than in dogs that received saline solution, maropitant, and sham-acupoint electroacupuncture treatment.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Maropitant treatment was associated with a lower incidence of vomiting and retching, compared with control treatments, and acepromazine and electroacupuncture appeared to prevent an increase in severity of nausea following morphine administration in dogs.
Awareness, perceived relevance, and acceptance of large animal hospital surveillance and infection control practices by referring veterinarians and clients
Authors: Ekiri Abel B. , House Amanda M. , Krueger Traci M. , Hernandez Jorge A. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Objective—To assess awareness, perceived relevance, and acceptance of surveillance and infection control practices at a large animal referral hospital among referring veterinarians and clients who sent horses to the facility for veterinary care.
Design—Survey.
Sample—57 referring veterinarians and 594 clients.
Procedures—A 15-question survey targeting Salmonella enterica as an important pathogen of interest in horses was sent to clients who sent ≥ 1 horse to the University of Florida Large Animal Hospital for veterinary care during July 1, 2007, through July 1, 2011, and to veterinarians who had referred horses to the same hospital prior to July 1, 2011. Responses were summarized with descriptive statistics. The χ2 test and the Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to examine associations among variables of interest.
Results—Survey response rates were low (57/467 [12%] for veterinarians and 594/3,095 [19%] for clients). Significantly more (35/56 [63%]) veterinarians than clients (227/585 [39%]) were aware that the hospital operates a surveillance and infection control program. Most veterinarians (56/57 [98%]) and clients (554/574 [97%]) indicated that sampling and testing of horses to detect Salmonella shedding in feces at admission and during hospitalization was justified. In addition, on a scale of 1 (not important) to 10 (very important), veterinarians and clients indicated it was very important (median score, 10 [interquartile range, 8 to 10] for both groups) that a referral hospital operates a surveillance and infection control program.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Survey results indicated that awareness of hospital surveillance and infection control practices was higher among veterinarians than clients, and these practices were considered relevant and well-accepted among participant veterinarians and clients.