bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction—Blue Candle
Authors: Chesnut R Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The introduction explores the remarkable journey of devotion to Santa Muerte, a Mexican folk saint symbolizing death. Initially researched as a contrast to the Virgin of Guadalupe, the author’s interest shifted following the Mexican army’s demolition of Santa Muerte shrines in 2009. Recognized for her rapid ascension in popularity, surpassing all but Saint Jude, Santa Muerte’s appeal lies in her perceived power to address the devotees’ most pressing needs, from protection and healing to justice and prosperity. The cult of Santa Muerte, described through vivid encounters and scholarly analysis, illustrates a complex tapestry of faith that transcends traditional religious boundaries, engaging millions across the Americas and beyond. This phenomenon is contextualized within a broader discussion on folk saints in Latin America, highlighting Santa Muerte’s unique position as a female figure of death in a predominantly Catholic landscape. The narrative weaves through personal anecdotes, field observations, and the sociopolitical factors contributing to her burgeoning following, revealing Santa Muerte’s role as a multifaceted patroness for those seeking divine intervention in their lives
Red Candle
Authors: Chesnut R Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 4 explores the profound connection between Santa Muerte and the realms of love, lust, and passion, primarily symbolized by the red candle. This chapter unveils how Santa Muerte, traditionally associated with death and protection, also plays a crucial role as a mediator in matters of the heart. Vicente Pérez Ramos, a shaman in Morelia, highlights that an overwhelming majority of his consultations involve red candles for love and passion, indicating the significant part these emotions play in the worship of Santa Muerte. The narrative delves into the historical fusion of Spanish love magic and the figure of La Parca on Mexican soil, transforming Santa Muerte into a potent figure for love spells and the mending of broken hearts. It discusses the socioeconomic and patriarchal conditions fostering the demand for love magic, especially among women seeking to secure or reclaim their partners. Through personal anecdotes and rituals, the chapter illustrates Santa Muerte’s multifaceted role, not just as a guardian of the afterlife but also as a powerful intermediary in attracting, binding, and sometimes severing relationships, reflecting her deep integration into the personal lives of her devotees.
Gold Candle
Authors: Chesnut R Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 5 delves into the significant role Santa Muerte plays in the economic hopes and spiritual practices of her followers, particularly in the context of economic recovery post-COVID-19. Highlighting the gold votive candle’s popularity, the narrative illustrates its equal usage among both male and female devotees, symbolizing petitions for prosperity that might even surpass the number of requests related to love and passion. With detailed accounts from Mexico, Central America, and the United States, the chapter outlines the economic challenges faced by these regions, including the impacts on tourism and remittances, which are crucial revenue sources for Mexico. Personal stories, like that of Rigo, a desperate devotee seeking employment, and the practices of small business owners using gold candles for financial blessings, provide a humanizing touch to the broader economic narrative. The chapter also explores the ritualistic aspect of Santa Muerte worship for financial gain, offering a window into the diverse ways devotees seek her assistance for prosperity and protection in uncertain economic times.
Conclusion
Authors: Chesnut R Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this concluding chapter, the author reflects on Santa Muerte’s multifaceted nature as a vibrant saint in Mexican culture, addressing diverse needs through her symbolic candles. Beyond her controversial associations with crime and violence, represented by the black candle, Santa Muerte emerges as a complex figure of hope, healing, and justice. Through colors such as red for love, green for justice, and purple for health, devotees find tailored support for their varied struggles. Emphasizing her nonjudgmental power, this chapter underscores Santa Muerte’s role as a saint of the people, meeting demands across life’s spectrum and uniting diverse communities in devotion.
SpaFlow: A Nextflow Pipeline for QC and Clustering of MxIF Datasets
Authors: Novotny Brenna , Moore Raymond , Langit Lynn , Haley David , Maus Rachel L , Jiang Jun , Ward Caitlin , Guo Ray , Goode Ellen L , Markovic Svetomir N , Wang Chen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Motivation
Multiplex immunofluorescence (MxIF) enables the quantification of multiple protein markers at a single-cell level while preserving spatial information, offering a powerful tool for studying tissue microenvironments. However, the flexibility in MxIF panel design poses challenges in standardizing cell phenotyping.

Results
We present SpaFlow, an efficient, customizable pipeline for unsupervised clustering and classification of MxIF data, implemented using Nextflow. SpaFlow performs quality control, clustering, and post-clustering analysis on segmented and quantified MxIF data, facilitating reproducible and scalable analyses across various computing platforms. The SpaFlow pipeline integrates three clustering and classification packages—Seurat, SCIMAP, and CELESTA—each providing unique methodologies for identifying cell types based on phenotypic markers. A novel “meta-clustering” approach condenses clusters across multiple regions of interest into common meta-clusters, streamlining the cell type identification process in large datasets. SpaFlow’s robust quality control steps, including signal summation and cell density filtering, mitigate artifacts that may impact clustering accuracy. We demonstrate the utility of SpaFlow in a case study involving 297 ovarian tumor cores, where SpaFlow successfully identified biologically meaningful cell populations, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, efficiently and rapidly. Additionally, SpaFlow’s reproducibility is validated using serial tonsil sections, confirming its capability to consistently identify distinctive cell populations across matched ROIs.

Availability and implementation
SpaFlow is freely available with detailed documentation and examples at https://github.com/dimi-lab/SpaFlow.
Simplified and Economic Measurement of Glyoxalase I Activity Using 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine: A Valuable Tool for Researchers
Authors: Kadhum Mohammed Alaa , Hadwan Mahmoud Hussein 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Glyoxalase I is an enzyme essential for detoxifying methylglyoxal, a toxic compound associated with advanced glycation end-products. Given glyoxalase I's multifaceted roles in various physiological and pathological processes, accurately measuring its activity is crucial for understanding its implications in metabolic disorders.
The current assay utilizes 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to measure glyoxalase I activity. This reagent has previously been employed to evaluate a group of enzyme protocols. The procedure involves incubating glyoxalase I enzyme samples in a controlled phosphate buffer at pH 6.6, optimizing conditions for enzymatic activity. Glutathione and methylglyoxal serve as substrates, with glyoxalase I catalyzing the conversion of the hemithioacetal adduct into S-D-lactoylglutathione. Unreacted methylglyoxal is quantified by forming a colored hydrazone complex with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine.
The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine method is rigorously validated for linearity, stability, resistance to interference, and sensitivity from several chemicals. It strongly correlates with the existing UV method, offering enhanced simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
The protocol allows precise quantification of glyoxalase I activity, with potential in research and diagnostics. Intra- and inter-day analyses confirm accuracy as percentage relative error (RE%), ensuring reliable measurement activity. The DNPH-Glo I method exhibited excellent sensitivity, with low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) at 0.006 U/L and 0.018 U/L, respectively. This research provides valuable insights into the quantification of glyoxalase I, highlighting significant implications for future studies in metabolic disorders and related health fields. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of its role in health and disease management by advancing the methods available for measuring glyoxalase I activity.
Negotiating content: the interplay of politics, audience, and gender in Internet-based production cultures in India
Authors: Sinha Priyam , Mehta Smith 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the integrated commodity forms within Internet-based production cultures in India based on four key transactional affordances adopted by Indian creators, which includes screenwriters, directors, producers, and editors. We argue that these affordances encompass the gendered transactions, negotiations within sociocultural contexts, and politics of censorship (state, platform, and self-censorship). To do so, we highlight the self-reflexive practices of creators and their commercialized social life that shape content creation, commissioning, circulation, and popularization of India’s platform productions. Through illustrative examples we demonstrate that Indian content creators are deeply influenced by social, political, and gendered interactions across both local and global networks within Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led Digital India’s various converging, overlapping and interconnected new media industries.
Phenotypic and genetic differentiation between two chromosomal taxa of the gastropod Nucella lapillus at Galician rocky shores (NW Spain)
Authors: García-Souto Daniel , Fernández-Rodríguez Jonathan , Pasantes Juan J , Rolán-Alvarez Emilio , Galindo Juan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In certain North Atlantic rocky shores, two chromosomal lineages of Nucella lapillus have been observed at different extremes of an environmental gradient. Here, we have determined the presence of this chromosomal polymorphism, resulting from Robertsonian translocations, in populations of the Iberian Peninsula spanning a similar gradient. Interestingly, we have found monomorphic populations (2n = 26) across the gradient while we only found polymorphic populations (2n = 27-36) in certain exposed microhabitats, and never both types of populations together. These chromosomal lineages differ morphologically and genetically in a manner that can be successfully discriminated, based on their morphology (95 % of success) and molecular variation (99.9 % of success), in the studied set of samples, and so considering these data this could potentially represent isolated evolutionary lineages or taxa. This situation is discussed in relation to the data available in previous studies in this and other geographical areas for this species. The new findings do not solve the problem of the Robertsonian polymorphism known to exist in this species, but it could perhaps suggest a new approach to solve it, suggesting a wide geographical comparison between the two taxa in order to confirm if they represent evolutionary isolated lineages or maintain a certain degree of hybridization.
Dysphagia following transcatheter mitral valve-in-ring replacement complicated by neo-LVOT obstruction: a case report
Authors: Sargent S , Xiong E , Lau K , Raffel O C , Greaves K 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Neo-left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is a dreaded complication following transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR). Dynamic LVOT obstruction has been reported to cause mechanical intravascular haemolysis due to red cell fragmentation. Intravascular haemolysis can result in a rare but well-described phenomenon in which patients experience dysphagia due to oesophageal spasm. This phenomenon is classically associated with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria and has never been reported following TMVR.

Case Summary
A 77 year old female presented eight days following TMVR with presyncope, dyspnoea and severe dysphagia. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed neo-LVOT obstruction with trivial paravalvular mitral regurgitation. Doppler echocardiography revealed dynamic late-peaking LVOT obstruction with a peak gradient of 71mmHg with Valsalva manoeuvre. Laboratory investigations demonstrated intravascular haemolytic anaemia. A barium swallow was performed revealing severe diffuse oesophageal spasm. Alternative causes of dysphagia were excluded and a causal link between intravascular haemolysis and dysphagia was identified. Successful management of dynamic neo-LVOT obstruction, haemolytic anaemia and dysphagia was achieved with beta blocker therapy and volume resuscitation. Serial echocardiography and barium swallow performed prior to discharge demonstrated resolution of LVOT obstruction and marked reduction in oesophageal spasm.

Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first case report of TMVR complicated by reversible neo-LVOT obstruction with only trivial paravalvular regurgitation causing intravascular haemolysis and subsequent dysphagia. The management of dysphagia secondary to intravascular haemolysis due to neo-LVOT obstruction is challenging. This is because of the complex haemodynamic interplay between reduced oral intake, a high output state with anaemia, increased ventricular contractility, tachycardia and worsening dynamic obstruction, all part of a vicious cycle (Central Illustration).
Percutaneous Thrombectomy Assisted Lead Extraction: Successful Diagnosis and Treatment in a Case Report of Culture Negative Endocarditis
Authors: Khasnavis Sujoy , Green Jeffrey , Cynamon Jacob , Gross Jay 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Propionibacterium acnes (P acnes) is a rare cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) and implantable cardiac device (ICD) endocarditis. Previous reports of P acnes endocarditis have described various approaches to treatment. Treatment of P acnes endocarditis with AngioVac extraction (AE) is unreported. We describe a case of P acnes ICD endocarditis that required AE to facilitate device extraction and ensure successful treatment of endocarditis.

Case summary
The patient presented with classical symptoms of fever, fatigue, night sweats, and chills for 3 weeks. Serial blood cultures were negative. Cultures from skin were positive for P acnes. Transthoracic endocardiogram (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) demonstrated vegetations adjacent to the transvenous leads and on the septal leaflets of the native tricuspid valve (NTV). Due to vegetation size, AE was performed to debulk the vegetations prior to lead extraction (LE). Vegetation cultures were also positive for P acnes. He was prescribed IV antibiotics post-operatively and had an excellent long-term course with no further endocarditis episodes or complications at 3 year follow up.

Conclusion
Our case is one of the first to demonstrate the extent to which the integumentary pathogen P acnes is involved in cardiac infections. It is also the first literature reported case to utilize AE to treat P acnes ICD endocarditis involving the NTV. This case illustrates the utility of AE in vegetation debulking prior to ICD LE and in identifying atypical pathogens where conventional diagnostic tests are unable to detect a pathogen.
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter from 1990 to 2021: Sex Differences and Global Burden Projections to 2046 - A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Tan Siyuan , Zhou Jiabao , Veang Tevit , Lin Qiuzhen , Liu Qiming 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (AF/AFL) are critical global health concerns, yet studies on burden trends and sex differences remain limited.

Method
This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, applying methods such as age-period-cohort analysis and joinpoint regression models to evaluate trends and sex differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of AF/AFL among individuals aged 30 and above from 1990 to 2021, and employed Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) analysis to predict future trends from 2022 to 2046.

Results
In 2021, AF/AFL affected around 52.6 million people globally, with significant increases in cases, deaths, and DALYs since 1990. While the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) remained stable, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) slightly declined, and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) increased. Moreover, there were significant differences in the disease burden between male and female patients. Males had higher prevalence and DALYs, with older age contributing to higher rates. Key risk factors included high systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and alcohol use, with female patients exhibiting a higher age-standardized rates associated with elevated body mass index compared to their male counterparts. BAPC predicted stable ASPR and ASIR in males but rising rates in females, with ASMR expected to decline for both sexes.

Conclusion
The global burden of AF/AFL is rising, particularly among women, and in low-socio-demographic index regions. This underscores the urgent need for targeted prevention strategies and optimized management of modifiable risk factors, with a specific focus on these vulnerable groups.
Multivariate Profiling of Physical Resilience in Older Adults After Total Knee Replacement Surgery: Results from a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Xue Qian-Li , Laskow Thomas , Alzahrani Mallak K , Varadhan Ravi , Walston Jeremy D , Schrack Jennifer A , Newman Anne B , Sieber Frederick , Bandeen-Roche Karen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
As individuals age, their ability to cope with and recovering from health challenges becomes vital for maintaining independence and quality of life. This study aims to develop a multivariate phenotype of physical resilience based on individual recovery dynamics before and after a physical stressor.

Methods
This prospective observational study included 104 individuals aged ≥ 60 who underwent elective total knee replacement (TKR) for degenerative joint disease between December 2, 2019, and January 4, 2023. A multivariate resilience phenotype was derived from physical function assessments over 12 months after TKR using the Short Physical Performance Battery, the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale Physical Subscale, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Quality of Life Score, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Physical Component Score. Validation was performed using markers (i.e., frailty and self-reported health) and determinants (e.g., the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)) of recovery potential.

Results
Distinct resilience profiles were identified across the four measures, showing varied baseline levels and/or change rates over 12 months. By combining and analyzing resilience profiles across measures, two distinct groups emerged: 33.7% were classified as non-resilient and 66.4% as resilient. The non-resilient group had a higher prevalence of frailty (37.1% vs. 10.1%, p&lt;0.01), poor or fair self-reported health (48.6% vs. 5.8%, p&lt;0.01), and moderate or severe comorbidity burden (CCI &gt;2; 28.6% vs. 10.1%, p=0.03).

Conclusions
Recovery trajectories after TKR revealed varying resilience levels that could not be fully explained by baseline health status. Understanding individual resilience can enhance patient care by promoting recovery and overall well-being.
Community health worker payment processes: a qualitative assessment of experience in two Indian states
Authors: Furtado Kheya Melo , Mehndiratta Abha , Bauhoff Sebastian , Pawar Swapna , Luo Amy , Jha Anushree , McConnell Margaret 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Community health worker (CHWs) remuneration has received some attention in terms of the design of incentives, however, there is a lack of systematic data on the processes by which CHWs are paid. We aimed to study existing payment processes including the role of digitization and its effects on CHW experiences with receiving full and timely compensation, and identify barriers and facilitators to the payment process. We studied payment processes for the Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in India in two states with varying levels of performance and payment systems and conducted 53 in-depth interviews and eight focus group discussions across three categories of respondents (37 ASHA workers, 46 Supervisors and 34 Managers/Health system leaders). The data was coded thematically using inductive and deductive coding methods, organized around five steps of the payment process, i.e. (i) Recording of work, (ii) Claim submission, (iii) Claim verification, (iv) Claim processing, and (v) Payment disbursement. We observed complex sub-processes within each stage of the payment process that adversely impacted payment timelines, CHW workload and motivation, even where digital tools provide support. Local administrative initiative and positive organizational culture overcame these challenges to standardize and simplify processes for recording work, submitting claims, and maintaining adequate funds, facilitating timely payments. Complete digitization of disbursement through the public financial management system improved timeliness, transparency and satisfaction among CHWs compared to earlier cash and cheque-based payments. The potential digitization of service delivery records for claim submission was met with mixed perceptions among CHWs and their supervisors. Our study contributes to the body of knowledge on CHW compensation by delineating the processes by which financial incentives are paid and offering insights for low and middle-income countries to improve the efficiency of payment systems.
In vitro antidiabetic activity of Treculia africana leaf extracts: identification of chlorogenic acid and α-mangostin
Authors: Yimgang Victorine Lorette , Pangrazzi Elisa , Djeujo Francine Medjiofack , Melogmo Yanick Kevin Dongmo , Tchinda Taghu Franklin Loïc , Kouipou Rufin Marie Toghueo , Boyom Fabrice Fekam , Froldi Guglielmina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
This research studied two extracts from Treculia africana leaves for their potential against hyperglycaemia-related disorders.

Methods
The influence of the extracts on α-glucosidase activity and albumin glycation was investigated, and cell viability was estimated in HT-29 human colorectal cells. Phenolic and flavonoid contents and antiradical activity were also detected. The extracts were examined using HPLC-DAD analysis.

Key findings
The methanol and dichloromethane leaf extracts showed a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of α-glucosidase activity (IC50= 3.73 and 21.28 µg/ml, respectively). Both extracts also inhibited ribose-induced glycation of bovine serum albumin from 250 µg/ml. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of chlorogenic acid and α-mangostin in the extracts. The extracts did not change HT-29 cell viability up to 250 µg/ml, thus showing very low cytotoxicity.

Conclusions
The methanol leaf extract of T. africana inhibited α-glucosidase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, supporting the use of the leaves in traditional medicine to control hyperglycaemia. Chlorogenic acid and α-mangostin, the latter identified for the first time in this species, were found in the T. africana leaves. Further, in vivo studies and pilot clinical trials should be conducted using standardized T. africana leaf extracts to evaluate their potential effectiveness in diabetes mellitus.