bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Photo-Fenton Bleaching on Tetracycline-stained Dentin in vitro
Authors: Bennett Zackary Yale , Walsh Laurence James 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
Tetracycline-stained tooth structure is difficult to bleach using nightguard tray methods. The possible benefits of in-office light-accelerated bleaching systems based on the photo-Fenton reaction are of interest as possible adjunctive treatments. This study was a proof of concept for possible benefits of this approach, using dentine slabs from human tooth roots stained in a reproducible manner with the tetracycline antibiotic demeclocycline hydrochloride.

Materials and methods
Color changes overtime in tetracycline stained roots from single rooted teeth treated using gel (Zoom! WhiteSpeed®) alone, blue LED light alone, or gel plus light in combination were tracked using standardized digital photography. Controls received no treatment. Changes in color channel data were tracked overtime, for each treatment group (N = 20 per group).

Results
Dentin was lighter after bleaching, with significant improvements in the dentin color for the blue channel (yellow shade) followed by the green channel and luminosity. The greatest changes occurred with gel activated by light (p < 0.0001), which was superior to effects seen with gel alone. Use of the light alone did not significantly alter shade.

Conclusion
This proof of concept study demonstrates that bleaching using the photo-Fenton chemistry is capable of lightening tetracycline-stained dentine. Further investigation of the use of this method for treating tetracycline-stained teeth in clinical settings appears warranted.

Clinical significance
Because tetracycline staining may respond to bleaching treatments based on the photo-Fenton reaction, systems, such as Zoom! WhiteSpeed, may have benefits as adjuncts to home bleaching for patients with tetracycline-staining.

How to cite this article
Bennett ZY, Walsh LJ. Effect of Photo- Fenton Bleaching on Tetracycline-stained Dentin in vitro. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2):126-129.
Horizontal-guided Bone Regeneration using a Titanium Mesh and an Equine Bone Graft
Authors: Stefano Danilo Alessio Di , Greco Gian Battista , Cinci Lorenzo , Pieri Laura 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
The present work describes a horizontal ridge augmentation in which a titanium mesh was preshaped by adapting it to a stereolithographic model of the patient's jaw that was fabricated from CT scans.

Background
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) involves covering the augmentation site with a long-lasting barrier to protect it from the invasion of surrounding soft tissues. Among barriers, titanium meshes may provide a successful outcome, but the intraoperatory time needed to shape them is a disadvantage.

Case description
The 54-year-old patient, missing the right mandibular second bicuspid, first molar, and second molar, had her atrophic ridge augmented with a 30:70 mixture of autogenous bone and equine, enzyme-deantigenic collagenpreserved bone substitute. Two conical implants were inserted concomitantly in the second bicuspid and first molar positions, and the site was protected with the preshaped mesh. Four months later, the titanium mesh was retrieved, a bone sample was collected, and histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Provisional and definitive prostheses were then delivered, and follow-up controls were performed for up to 24 months.

Conclusion
Preshaping the mesh on a model of the patient's mandible shortened the surgical time and enabled faster mesh placement. Two years after surgery, the implants were perfectly functional, and the bone width was stable over time as shown by radiographic controls. Histological analysis of the bone sample showed the heterologous biomaterial to be biocompatible and undergoing advanced remodeling and replacement with newly formed bone.

Clinical significance
Preshaping a titanium mesh over a stereolithographic model of the patient's jaw allowed for a significant reduction of the intraoperative time and may be therefore, advisable in routine practice.

How to cite this article
Di Stefano DA, Greco GB, Cinci L, Pieri L. Horizontal-guided Bone Regeneration using a Titanium Mesh and an Equine Bone Graft. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2):154-162.
Assessment of the numbers-based model for evaluation of resident competency in emergency ultrasound core applications
Authors: Bahl Amit , Yunker Aaron 
Published: April 2015

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the current numbers-based model of evaluation of emergency medicine residents in emergency ultrasound, specifically by focusing on the proficiency of residents to interpret right upper quadrant, focused abdominal sonogram for trauma, abdominal aorta, first trimester pregnancy, and cardiac scans. Methods: A prospective analysis of emergency medicine residents' competency in emergency ultrasound was conducted in 2009 and 2010. Residents completed a multiple choice style examination primarily assessing residents' diagnostic accuracy. The accuracy and confidence of diagnosis for each resident based on the examinations were compared to his/her training level and number of scans per application completed prior to testing, in order to assess the relationship of experience to competence. Results: Thirty-six emergency medicine residents, postgraduate year 1–3 (n = 15, 8, 13), were enrolled in the study and took the exam. There was a statistically significant relationship between the number of scans and mean exam score for right upper quadrant (p = 0.0013) and abdominal aorta (p = 0.0013) scans. Residents demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in scores at greater than 16 scans for right upper quadrant (p = 0.0018) and 13 scans for abdominal aorta (p = 0.0018). Conclusion: Adequate resident training for interpretation for certain applications such as right upper quadrant and abdominal aorta, may be achievable using smaller numbers than the generally accepted guideline of 25 scans per application. Additionally, the number of scans needed to reach competency may be variable dependent on the specific ultrasound application.
“Just Building”: Togetherness as Art and Education in a Copenhagen Neighborhood
Authors: Illeris Helene 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Through a process-oriented analysis of the Copenhagen-based art project The Hill, this article explores the pedagogical potentials of the concept performative experimental community. The aim is to propose ideas and strategies for teacher certification courses and university programs that stimulate students to reconsider the role of art education in the current political, economical, and environmental situation. Central questions addressed by the article are: What is the potential for using art and education to explore alternative ways of living and of being? How can art educators challenge individualist self-understandings through new forms of togetherness? How can we create fissures in neo-liberal educational agendas? In the conclusion, six key notions are presented, followed by a brief discussion of performative experimental community as approach, content, and pedagogy for becoming art teachers.
Of Crosses and Homophobia
Authors: Temperman J.D. 
Published: May 2015

Of Crosses and Homophobia
To what extent must employers accommodate manifestations of religion within the workspace and what should be the role of the state in that respect? In the joint case of Eweida and others the European Court of Human Rights discusses this question from four different angles as urged on by four different complaints. Two complaints concern the banning of Christian crosses, either for reasons of protecting the corporate image of a private company, or for reasons of health and safety within a care institution. The remaining complaints concern employers that, through their equal rights policies, notably equality on grounds of sexual orientation, may effectively force employees to act contrary to the religious dictates of their conscience.
In dienst van beleid of in dienst van de democratie?
Authors: van Rooij Harrie , Aarts Noelle 
Published: May 2015

Serving policy or serving democracy? A study of the values behind government communication
More than twelve years after the appearance of the report of the Dutch Committee on the Future of Government Communication (‘Commissie Toekomst Overheidscommunicatie’) communication as the responsibility of the government is an important issue of debate and a discipline that is alive and kicking. We may even conclude that communication – in the terminology of this report – has conquered a place in the heart of policy. A lot is still unclear about the communicative function of government. On the normative question ‘why should the government communicate’ diverging answers are possible. However, the question is hardly discussed in practice and in science. For this reason the positioning of government communication as a separate discipline is also unclear. Reflection on the elementary values behind the discipline can reveal themes that have been invisible so far. The article investigates which values and motives are attached in theory and in practice to communication as a governmental function. For this reason a content analysis has been carried out of a number of volumes of five Dutch magazines (practical and scientific). The authors conclude that for professionals communication mainly is an instrument to support policy goals. The possibility to make a purposeful contribution with government communication to democratic values hardly is brought about, not so much in Communication Science as in Public Administration.
The Penal Law of the Foe Revisited
Authors: Papacharalambous Charis 
Published: May 2015

The Penal Law of the Foe Revisited: Politically Overcoming Liberalism or Trivially Regressing to State’s Glorification?
The ‘Penal Law of the Foe’ has already a long history behind it. The present article examines its basic genealogical sources and deals with the quintessence of the critique exerted against it; it is submitted that the wholesale rejection of the concept betrays that a liberal premise as to political constitution of the commons as well as of the nature of criminal system is falsely taken for granted. Crucial instead seem to be the ambiguity of the spiritual heritage of Enlightenment concerning what personhood can imply for the law discourse as well as the normativity inherent in criminal objective imputation within our post-modern condition. It is argued that the very benefit of the concept lies in its implicit political character. This could possibly make it appropriate for a criminal law policy inspired from a democratic republican spirit and aiming at the protection of the most vulnerable, thus tending to strive against the neo-liberal and anti-social erosion of modern societies. This presupposes however that the authoritarian and politically static elements of the concept be clearly displayed as theoretical shortcomings.
Scientific misconduct: how organizational culture plays its part
Authors: Faria Rita 
Published: May 2015

Scientific misconduct: how organizational culture plays its part
Scientific misconduct takes place at the heart of higher education organizations. Organizational culture (meso level) shapes scholars’ behaviors and perceptions (micro level) about what should be problematized while conducting research and teaching. In this paper it is argued that there are organizational mechanisms at place by which organizational goals (funding) and professional goals (recognition) become indistinguishable. The mechanisms are: pressure, loose social control, scarce resources and lack of alternatives. Scholars may strategically react to these mechanisms by accepting, fitting in, resisting or giving up. It is at the heart of these mechanisms and strategies that problematic behaviors may emerge.
Reageren op problematisch wetenschappelijk gedrag voorbij de moralisering: een ander wetenschapsbeleid is mogelijk!
Authors: Gutwirth Serge , Christiaens Jenneke 
Published: May 2015

Tackling problematic scientific behaviour beyond moralisation: another science policy is possible!
In this article the authors focus upon the measures taken as a reaction against scientific fraud against the background of the contemporary science policy that turns the practice of science into a knowledge economy. In the light of the availability but obvious underuse of reactive legal means, they question the recourse to proactive ethical control and regulation of the scientific activities. They contend that such science policy is not so much the expression of a reaction against exceptional cases of scientific fraud, than of an endeavour to discipline and control scientist to the constraints of the knowledge economy. For the authors, however, the latter is the problem to be solved: another science policy is needed.
‘Je kan heel goed kritisch zijn op een nette manier’
Authors: van Gestel Barbra 
Published: May 2015

‘One can be critical without being rude’ – Kees Schuyt about changes in academic culture
The Dutch sociologist and lawyer Kees Schuyt worked as scientific researcher and professor of sociology for the University of Leiden and University of Amsterdam. He has written about forty books and many articles about the welfare state, the philosophy of social science and the sociology of law. Between 2006 and 2014 he was chairman of The Netherlands Board on Research Integrity (LOWI). Recently he wrote the book Between fault and fraud. Integrity and dishonest behavior in scientific research. In this interview, Schuyt talks about the role of scientific integrity in his own career and specifically elaborates on dishonest behavior and scientific competition.
De ondergewaardeerde democratic underlabourer?
Authors: Janssen Janine , van der Woude Maartje 
Published: May 2015

The undervalued underlabourer? On applied research for law enforcement and safety management within the prevailing academic culture
In this opinion piece the authors reflect upon the way in which applied research for law enforcement and safety management is valued within the prevailing academic culture. By drawing from the scholarship on public criminology, the authors introduce the democratic underlabourer as an important yet often undervalued and underrepresented figure capable to bridge potential gaps between academia and the practical field of law enforcement and safety management. By getting organized in the form of a guild, democratic underlabourers would increase their clout and visbility.
Application of the Welfare Quality® animal welfare assessment system in Finnish pig production, part I: Identification of principal components
Authors: Munsterhjelm C , Heinonen M , Valros A 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe Welfare Quality® (WQ) on-farm welfare assessment protocols for fattening pigs (n = 95 farms) and sows, as well as suckling piglets (n = 103 farms), were applied on Finnish farms. In order to identify distinct types of welfare problems (WPTs) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the pooled animal-based items within both categories of animals. Measures describing suckling piglets did not contribute to the WPTs. The main WPTs (seemingly) reflected fighting in fattening pigs and lack of bedding in both fattening pigs and sows. The results imply that WQ includes biologically plausible shortlists of animal-based measures with decent to good internal consistency describing distinct types of welfare problems in growing pigs and in sows. The 20 descriptors of Qualitative Behavioural Assessment were analysed similarly to identify distinct mood types, which were named active positive, passive positive and passive positive behaviours. The different mood types had close to identical build-up in both fattening pigs and in sows and suckling piglets.
Willingness of Dutch broiler and pig farmers to convert to production systems with improved welfare
Authors: Gocsik É , van der Lans IA , Lansink AGJM Oude , Saatkamp HW 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe present study investigated 15 broiler and 13 fattening pig farmers’ willingness-to-convert to alternative production systems with higher animal welfare standards compared to conventional production systems in The Netherlands, and explored the main barriers to the adoption of these alternative systems. Alternative production systems were categorised, according to whether farmers were required to make reversible or irreversible changes to the current farm. Two out of the four pig systems in the study were considered as reversible, whereas the other two as irreversible. One out of the four broiler systems presented was considered as reversible, whereas the other three as irreversible. Results show that to convert to a system requiring irreversible changes 83 and 85% (figures for each of the two irreversible systems) of the surveyed fattening pig farmers required a 30% or higher increase in their family income, while to convert to a system requiring reversible changes 8 and 23% of the pig farmers required a similar level of increase. Also, for each of the three irreversible systems, 62, 64 and 87% of the surveyed broiler farmers required a 30% or higher increase in their family income to a system requiring irreversible changes, while to convert to a system requiring reversible changes, 20% of the broiler farmers required a similar level of increase. Thirty-eight and 62% of the fattening pig farmers and 40% of the broiler farmers were willing to convert to the specific systems that allowed reversible changes if they knew they could earn the same income as they did in their current system. This study highlights a number of reasons for farmers’ reluctance to switch to alternative systems: perceived uncertainty about price premiums, lack of space on the farm, scarcity of land nearby the farm, risk of disease spread, the existing farm set-up, prohibition of tail docking, allowing for castration, and views that proposed alternatives were ‘farmer-unfriendly’ or impractical.
La culture de l’information comme levier de changement dans le système de santé français. Le rôle des nouvelles organisations d’interface ou une approche coopérative autour de dynamiques de proximité
Authors: Bourret Christian , Meyer Claudie 
Published: April 2015

L’État-providence, notamment à travers ses systèmes de santé, est en crise dans tous les pays développés. Des réponses ont été recherchées autour de nouveaux usages de l’information et de la communication. En France, avec la question spécifique des cloisonnements, les nouvelles organisations d’interface constituent de nouveaux espaces d’innovation et de coopération entre la médecine de ville et le secteur hospitalier. Nous aborderons la question de l’organisation du parcours de soins du patient avec le dilemme traçabilité / sécurité des données. En nous appuyant sur la notion de situation, nous envisagerons ensuite de nouvelles pratiques informationnelles pour une approche d’information "durable" favorisant les interactions et la coopération. Nous montrerons l’évolution de la coopération : de la coordination par les procédures à de nouveaux services intégrés autour du patient. Une nouvelle culture de l’information peut devenir un levier d’intelligence organisationnelle et d’amélioration continue avec la participation de tous les acteurs y compris les patients, avec la question centrale de la confiance, entre tous les acteurs et envers les outils développés.
Rediscovery of Impatiens khasiana Hook.f. after more than a century
Authors: Odyuo N , Deori Chaya , Gogoi Rajib 
Published: May 2015

Impatiens khasiana Hook.f. (Balsaminaceae) has been rediscovered after a period of 129 years from Meghalaya, in north-eastern India.
A detailed description from living specimens, coloured photographs and other relevant information are provided for easy identification. The name I. khasiana Hook.f. is here lectotypified.
Integrative review on oral cancer
Authors: Moura Luana Kelle Batista , Marcaccini Andrea Marcia , Matos Francisca Tereza Coelho , Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes de , Nascimento Glícia Cardoso , Moura Maria Eliete Batista 
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Analisar estudos nacional e internacional sobre o câncer bucal. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foram selecionados 28 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão da pesquisa. Os dados foram processados no software IRAMUTEC e analisados pela classificação hierárquica descendente com base no dendograma. Resultados: Foram apresentados em 05 classes, a saber: 1-A prevenção e o tratamento das morbidades orais. 2- A reabilitação do paciente com câncer de boca. 3-Qualidade de vida dos pacientes em terapia para câncer bucal. 4- A equipe profissional multidisciplinar de saúde nos cuidados de prevenção do câncer oral. 5- O rastreio do câncer oral para diminuição da prevalência. Conclusão: O câncer oral é um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. Há necessidade de maiores investimentos nas pesquisas relacionadas com o câncer bucal e implementação das políticas públicas para o rastreio do câncer oral e diminuição da prevalência.
Crack users – developing strategies to face the risks of the consumption
Authors: De Teixeira Arthur Alves , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Côrrea Ana Cândida Lopes , Ferreira Roberta Zaffalon , Ferreira Gabriella Bastos , Espírito Santo Milena Oliveira do 
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Conhecer as estratégias desenvolvidas por usuários de crack para lidar com os riscos decorrentes do consumo da droga. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório. A coleta de dados ocorreu no ano de 2011, em uma cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul com cinco usuários de crack que fizeram uso da droga por no mínimo um ano. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com o auxílio de gravador. Resultados: Os principais riscos apontados pelos usuários de crack são o psicológico e físico. Para reduzir os riscos os usuários referiram fazer o uso da droga individualmente, manter o autocuidado, o uso de preservativo, uso de maconha após o uso do crack, o controle da quantidade de droga usada e cuidados com o cachimbo. Conclusão: A maioria dos usuários conhece os riscos decorrentes do consumo da droga, mas nem todos adotam as estratégias de redução de danos. Descritores: Cocaína crack, Grupos de risco, Estratégias.
Properties of the lunar wake predicted by analytic models and hybrid‐kinetic simulations
Authors: Gharaee Hossna , Rankin Robert , Marchand Richard , Paral Jan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn approximate model derived by Hutchinson (2008a), describing the interaction between the solar wind and the Moon, is applied to describe plasma in the lunar wake. The model accounts for plasma entering the wake region from two tangent points around the Moon. Cylindrical geometry is assumed, along with a strong constant magnetic field, and fixed transverse velocity and temperature. Under these approximations two angle‐dependent equations for fluid flow are obtained, which can be solved using the method of characteristics to provide the density inside the wake region. It is demonstrated that the model valid under these assumptions provides excellent agreement with observations from the ARTEMIS mission and with large‐scale hybrid‐kinetic plasma simulations. The model provides a practical alternative to kinetic simulations and is generally useful for determining properties of the lunar wake under different solar wind conditions. It will be useful as well for predicting properties of the plasma environment around unmagnetized bodies that have not yet been visited by spacecraft.