bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Saphenous Vein Graft Interventions in the Drug‐Eluting Stent Era
Authors: PENDYALA LAKSHMANA K. , LOH JOSHUA P. , KITABATA HIRONORI , MINHA SA'AR , TORGUSON REBECCA , CHEN FANG , SATLER LOWELL F. , SUDDATH WILLIAM O. , PICHARD AUGUSTO D. , WAKSMAN RON 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesWe aimed to compare early and late clinical outcomes in diabetic and nondiabetic patients who underwent saphenous vein graft (SVG) percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) with the use of drug‐eluting stents (DES).BackgroundPatients with diabetes mellitus are shown to have less favorable outcomes after SVG intervention with the use of bare metal stents. In the DES era, the impact of diabetes mellitus on restenosis and clinical outcomes post‐SVG intervention is not clearly defined.MethodsFrom our institutional PCI registry database, we retrospectively analyzed 477 consecutive patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery undergoing SVG PCI with the implantation of DES stratified by the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus. The primary end‐point was 1‐year major adverse cardiac event (MACE) rate, defined as death, Q wave myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization.ResultsBaseline clinical characteristics, including mean graft age (120 ± 77 vs. 131 ± 86 months, P = 0.14), were similar between groups, save for a higher prevalence of systemic hypertension and chronic renal insufficiency, and higher body mass index in the diabetic group. Among the 604 SVG lesions treated with DES, the angiographic and procedural characteristics were well matched between groups except for the higher rate of distal protection device use (32% vs. 29%, P = 0.007) in the diabetic group. The rates of 1‐year MACE (21% vs. 15%, P = 0.12) and all‐cause mortality (7.6% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.86) were similar between groups. After adjustment for the relevant clinical co‐variables, diabetic status was not associated with the composite end‐point.ConclusionIn conclusion, DES, when used for the treatment of vein graft lesions, equate the short‐ and long‐term outcomes between diabetic and nondiabetic patients, suggesting that DES should be considered the default stent in diabetic populations undergoing PCI for the treatment of SVG lesions. (J Interven Cardiol 2014;27:391–398)
Leaving No Hole Unclosed: Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Patients Having Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale or Atrial Septal Defect
Authors: GAFOOR SAMEER , FRANKE JENNIFER , BOEHM PATRICK , LAM SIMON , BERTOG STEFAN , VASKELYTE LAURA , HOFMANN ILONA , SIEVERT HORST 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesTo report procedural outcome of sequential occlusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) and an interatrial septal communication and discuss possible indications.BackgroundThere are some patients who may have indications for both closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) or atrial septal defect (ASD), as well as closure of the LAA. The optimal procedural strategy is not known.MethodsA retrospective review of LAA and PFO/ASD cases at our center was performed. Demographic, echocardiographic, and procedural data were recorded.ResultsClosure of LAA and then PFO/ASD (Group I: 11 patients), closure of both in the same setting (Group II: 3 patients), and closure of the PFO/ASD and then the LAA (Group III: 3 patients) was performed in a total of 17 patients. Average age was 63.5 ± 9.8 years. Most patients were hypertensive with prior cerebrovascular event in 52.9% of patients. Procedural success was 100%. Procedural adverse events were 2 episodes of tamponade (in Group I after first LAA procedure) treated with pericardiocentesis and 1 access‐site hematoma (Group II) treated conservatively.ConclusionsSequential (staged or during the same procedure) closure of the LAA and interatrial communications can be performed safely in a carefully selected patient population. This is also the first known report of LAA occlusion in patients with prior septal closure devices. (J Interven Cardiol 2014;27:414–422)
The interactive effect of team and manager absence on employee absence: A multilevel field study
Authors: Duff Angus J. , Podolsky Mark , Biron Michal , Chan Christopher C. A. 
Published: July 2014

Although it is commonly assumed that manager and team absence levels have a significant impact on an individuals’ absence level, research has yet to simultaneously test the effect of these sources, as well their interactive effect on employee absence behaviour. Using archival attendance records for 955 employees, grouped in 79 teams, and the absence records of their respective managers from a large professional services organization, this study considers absence behaviour through the lens and social learning theory and social information processing theory to suggest that absence norms are socially constructed based on social influences of the absence pattern of one's team and manager. Through the use of hierarchical linear modelling to account for group‐level influences on absence behaviour, findings suggest that team‐level absence exerts a greater influence on employee absence than manager absence and that manager absence exerts a moderating influence on this relationship. Implications for attendance management as well as future research are considered.Practitioner points

Team absence behaviour exerts a group‐level influence on employee absence behaviour.

Manager absence moderates the team absence effect.
Crossmodal Expectations of Tea Color Based on Flavor: A Preliminary Study with Naïve Assessors
Authors: Wan Xiaoang , Zhou Xi , Mu Bingbing , Du Dikang , Velasco Carlos , Michel Charles , Spence Charles 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTea is one of the world's most widely and frequently consumed beverages. What is more, tea is a drink that, unlike many others, is purported to have a number of health benefits as well. However, to date, there has been surprisingly little published research concerning the crossmodal associations that people have with tea beverages, specifically regarding tea's distinctive hue. In two experiments, we assessed the beverage colors that Chinese tea drinkers associate with different types of tea tasted while blindfolded. The results revealed that the color names that came to our naïve assessors' minds typically did not match the color names by which the tea is defined (e.g., red or green), or the actual color of the tea that they had just tasted. As such, the tea drinkers' expectations very often were different from the actual color of the beverage that they happened to taste.Practical ApplicationsTea is often defined by a color name, and the extent to which that name matches the tea drinker's experience is investigated in the present study. Our results provide evidence concerning the crossmodal flavor–color correspondences that may exist for tea. These findings will be of interest to those sensory scientists who are interested in the flavor–color associations of beverages. Considering the global popularity, the purported health benefits and the emergence of high‐end tea markets, the findings of the present study are intriguing enough to call for further research on the multisensory marketing of tea in order to align tea drinkers' expectations with their experiences. These findings also have implications for the international marketing of tea, especially for those who are interested in breaking into the Chinese tea market and potentially for those who are interested in promoting Chinese tea in new markets.
Let There be Light! An Initial Exploratory Study of Whether Lighting Influences Consumer Evaluations of Packaged Food Products
Authors: Otterbring Tobias , Löfgren Martin , Lestelius Magnus 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis study investigates how lighting influences consumer evaluations of packaged food products. Fifty‐eight participants evaluated two identical packaged meals (alternated between subjects) in a laboratory setting. The products were stored in a freezer with cold light (blue light‐emitting diode [LED]) on one side and warm light (yellow LED) on the other side. A three‐way mixed multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that, independent of package color and gender, food products were evaluated more negatively in the cold light than in the warm light in terms of quality, attractiveness and inferred taste. Therefore, lighting may influence consumers' overall evaluations of packaged meals. This finding also highlights the managerial problem whereby the lighting standards that exist at print agencies in order to eliminate ambiguities when making decisions about package design are rare for in‐store lighting. Consequently, products that look attractive at the print agency may look unappealing in a store. The results are discussed in terms of processing fluency and cross‐modal correspondences.Practical ApplicationsThe results of this study are fruitful for sensory scientists interested in how cold versus warm lighting influences the perceived taste, attractiveness and quality of packaged food products. The findings also shed light on the managerial problem caused by packaged products potentially being evaluated in different lights at print agencies (when choosing package colors and design) and in the store. These findings should be relevant for retailers, print agencies and brand owners of packaged products. Given that the lighting in most retail stores is cold, and the present study indicates that cold light has negative effects on overall packaging evaluations, these findings warrant further consideration.
Macrofauna along the Sudanese Red Sea coast: potential effect of mangrove clearance on community and trophic structure
Authors: Sabeel Rasha A. O. , Ingels Jeroen , Pape Ellen , Vanreusel Ann 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMangroves along the Sudanese Red Sea coast are under constant anthropogenic pressure. To better understand the influence of mangrove clearance on the intertidal benthic community, we investigated the composition, biodiversity and standing stock of the macrofauna communities at high‐, mid‐ and low‐water levels in three contrasting habitats: a bare sand flat, a cleared mangrove and an intact mangrove. In addition, a community‐wide metric approach based on taxon‐specific carbon and nitrogen isotope values was used to compare the trophic structure between the three habitats. The habitats differed significantly in terms of macrofaunal standing stock, community composition and trophic structure. The high‐ and mid‐water levels of the intact mangroves showed a distinct macrofaunal community characterized by elevated densities and biomass, largely governed by higher decapod and gastropod abundances. Diversity was similar for cleared and intact mangroves, but much lower for the bare sand flat. Community‐wide metrics indicated highest trophic diversity and community niche breadth in the intact mangroves. Differences between the cleared and intact mangroves can be partly attributed to differences in sediment characteristics resulting from mangrove clearance. These results suggest a significant impact of mangrove clearance on the macrofaunal community and trophic structure. This study calls for further investigations and management actions to protect and restore these habitats, and ensure the survival of this ecologically valuable coastal ecosystem.
Antenatal micronutrient supplementation and third trimester cortisol and erythropoietin concentrations
Authors: Christian Parul , Nanayakkara‐Bind Ashika , Schulze Kerry , Wu Lee , LeClerq Steven C. , Khatry Subarna K. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAntenatal iron and multiple micronutrient supplementation has been shown in randomized trials to improve birthweight, although mechanisms are unknown. We examined late pregnancy serum erythropoietin (EPO) and cortisol concentrations in relation to maternal micronutrient supplementation and iron status indicators (haemoglobin, serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor) in 737 rural Nepalese women to explore evidence of stress or anaemia‐associated hypoxia. A double‐masked randomized control trial was conducted from December 1998 to April 2001 in Sarlahi, Nepal, in which women received vitamin A alone (as control), or with folic acid (FA), FA + iron, FA + iron + zinc and a multiple micronutrient supplement. In a substudy, we collected maternal blood in the first and third trimester for biochemical assessments. Generalized estimating equations linear regression analysis was used to examine treatment group differences. EPO was ∼14–17 mIU mL−1 lower (P < 0.0001) in late pregnancy in groups receiving iron vs. the control group, with no difference in the FA‐only group. Cortisol was 1.3 μg dL−1 lower (P = 0.04) only in the micronutrient supplement group compared with the control group. EPO was most strongly associated with iron status indicators in groups that did not receive iron, and in the non‐iron groups cortisol was positively correlated with EPO (r = 0.15, P < 0.01) and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR, r = 0.19, P < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, third trimester EPO was associated with a reduction in low birthweight, whereas cortisol was negatively associated with length of gestation and higher risk of preterm birth. Iron and multiple micronutrient supplementation may enhance birth outcomes by reducing mediators of maternal stress and impaired erythropoiesis.
Oxidative Stress increases Pulmonary Vascular Permeability in Diabetic Rats through Activation of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2 Channels
Authors: Lu Silu , Xiang Lusha , Clemmer John S. , Mittwede Peter N. , Hester Robert L. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveIn vitro superoxide activates pulmonary endothelial TRPM2 channels and increases Kf. We hypothesized that pulmonary capillary Kf is increased in a model of type I diabetes due to elevated vascular superoxide and resultant TRPM2 channel activation.MethodsType I diabetes was induced in Zucker rats using STZ. Half of the STZ animals were treated with apocynin, a NOX inhibitor. After four weeks, lung Kf was measured in the isolated lung in the presence or absence of TRPM2 inhibitors (2‐APB and FA). In an additional set of experiments, Kf was measured in nondiabetic Zucker rats after applying the superoxide donor (PMS).ResultsAs compared to control rats, hyperglycemic rats exhibited increased vascular superoxide and Kf, along with decreased lung vascular TRPM2‐L expression. Apocynin treatment reduced superoxide and Kf in hyperglycemic rats with no effect in control rats. TRPM2 channel inhibition decreased Kf in hyperglycemic rats with no effect in control rats. PMS increased the lung Kf in control rats, with TRPM2 inhibition attenuating this response.ConclusionDiabetic rats exhibit a TRPM2‐mediated increase in lung Kf, which is associated with increased TRPM2 activation and increased vascular superoxide levels.
A transcription factor links growth rate and metabolism in the hypersaline adapted archaeon Halobacterium salinarum
Authors: Todor Horia , Dulmage Keely , Gillum Nicholas , Bain James R. , Muehlbauer Michael J. , Schmid Amy K. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryCo‐ordinating metabolism and growth is a key challenge for all organisms. Despite fluctuating environments, cells must produce the same metabolic outputs to thrive. The mechanisms underlying this ‘growth homeostasis’ are known in bacteria and eukaryotes, but remain unexplored in archaea. In the model archaeon Halobacterium salinarum, the transcription factor TrmB regulates enzyme‐coding genes in diverse metabolic pathways in response to glucose. However, H. salinarum is thought not to catabolize glucose. To resolve this discrepancy, we demonstrate that TrmB regulates the gluconeogenic production of sugars incorporated into the cell surface S‐layer glycoprotein. Additionally, we show that TrmB–DNA binding correlates with instantaneous growth rate, likely because S‐layer glycosylation is proportional to growth. This suggests that TrmB transduces a growth rate signal to co‐regulated metabolic pathways including amino acid, purine, and cobalamin biosynthesis. Remarkably, the topology and function of this growth homeostatic network appear conserved across domains despite extensive alterations in protein components.
Signalling‐dependent interactions between the kinase‐coupling protein CheW and chemoreceptors in living cells
Authors: Pedetta Andrea , Parkinson John S. , Studdert Claudia A. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryChemical signals sensed on the periplasmic side of bacterial cells by transmembrane chemoreceptors are transmitted to the flagellar motors via the histidine kinase CheA, which controls the phosphorylation level of the effector protein CheY. Chemoreceptor arrays comprise remarkably stable supramolecular structures in which thousands of chemoreceptors are networked through interactions between their cytoplasmic tips, CheA, and the small coupling protein CheW. To explore the conformational changes that occur within this protein assembly during signalling, we used in vivo cross‐linking methods to detect close interactions between the coupling protein CheW and the serine receptor Tsr in intact Escherichia coli cells. We identified two signal‐sensitive contacts between CheW and the cytoplasmic tip of Tsr. Our results suggest that ligand binding triggers changes in the receptor that alter its signalling contacts with CheW (and/or CheA).
Taking the sting out of darting: Risks, restraint drugs and procedures for the chemical restraint of Southern Hemisphere otariids
Authors: Baylis Alastair M. M. , Page Brad , Staniland Iain , Arnould John P. Y. , McKenzie Jane 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe need to manage otariid populations has necessitated the development of a wide range of capture methods. Chemical restraint by remote drug delivery (i.e., darting) is a highly selective method that can be used to facilitate otariid capture in a range of scenarios, when other methods may be impracticable. However, the risks associated with darting otariids are not widely known and guidelines necessary to promote and refine best practice do not exist. We review the risks associated with darting and in light of our findings, develop darting guidelines to help practitioners assess and minimize risks during capture, anesthesia and recovery. Published studies reveal that mortalities associated with darting predominantly result from complications during anesthetic maintenance (e.g., prolonged respiratory depression, apnea, or hyperthermia), rather than from complications during capture or recovery. In addition to monitoring vital signs and proper intervention, the risk of irreversible complications during anesthesia can be reduced by administering drug doses that are sufficient to enable the capture and masking of animals, after which anesthetic depth can be regulated using gas anesthesia.
Effects of wildfire on sea otter (Enhydra lutris) gene transcript profiles
Authors: Bowen Lizabeth , Miles A. Keith , Kolden Crystal A. , Saarinen Justin A. , Bodkin James L. , Murray Michael J. , Tinker M. Tim 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWildfires have been shown to impact terrestrial species over a range of temporal scales. Little is known, however, about the more subtle toxicological effects of wildfires, particularly in downstream marine or downwind locations from the wildfire perimeter. These down‐current effects may be just as substantial as those effects within the perimeter. We used gene transcription technology, a sensitive indicator of immunological perturbation, to study the effects of the 2008 Basin Complex Fire on the California coast on a sentinel marine species, the sea otter (Enhydra lutris). We captured sea otters in 2008 (3 mo after the Basin Complex Fire was controlled) and 2009 (15 mo after the Basin Complex Fire was controlled) in the adjacent nearshore environment near Big Sur, California. Gene responses were distinctly different between Big Sur temporal groups, signifying detoxification of PAHs, possible associated response to potential malignant transformation, and suppression of immune function as the primary responses of sea otters to fire in 2008 compared to those captured in 2009. In general, gene transcription patterns in the 2008 sea otters were indicative of molecular reactions to organic exposure, malignant transformation, and decreased ability to respond to pathogens that seemed to consistent with short‐term hydrocarbon exposure.
Between Springs: The Berber Dilemma
Authors: Fromherz Allen 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAlthough many in North Africa and the Middle East are dissatisfied with it, the phrase “Arab” Spring, used label to describe extraordinary popular uprisings of the past few years, seems to have staying power. What the name implies is an ethnically “Arab” uprising. The Middle East and North Africa, however, are far from ethnic monoliths. A substantial ethnic and linguistic minority, the Berbers, who form large portions of the populations of Algeria, Libya and Morocco, are left to wrestle between current, authoritarian regimes that have only recently recognized their identity, and the prospect of Islamist governance that threatens to reintroduce Arabization, Islamic nationalism and the reversal of hard‐won gains. In this respect, the memory and continued relevance of the “Berber” Spring of 1980 seems to sit somewhat uneasily with the continuing consequences of the “Arab” Spring of 2011. In the end, however, it is relations with the nation‐state that continue to dominate even in a post‐Arab Spring world. Berbers in each of the nation states in North Africa have used very different strategies in their efforts to enhance recognition of their language and identity in light of recent events.
Muslims Renegotiating Marginality in Contemporary Ethiopia
Authors: Feyissa Dereje , Lawrence Bruce B. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractEthiopian Muslims have only had access to public space and opportunity for religious self‐definition and collective influence since 1991. During little more than two decades, how have they advanced subjective agency within the political constraints of the current government, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF? This article addresses that question by backgrounding the history of Islamic expansion into Ethiopia, tracing Muslim engagement with Christian political elites over several hundred years, till the latter part of the 21st century. After the deposition of Haile Selasse in 1974, the DERG assumed power and in the name of a socialist agenda, suppressed all religions from 1975–1991. DERG socialism has been replaced by EPRDF pluralism, yet the structural constraints of the latter have weakened the efforts of Ethiopian Muslims to find their rightful place in the public square. Abetted and assisted by overseas immigrant communities, in both Western Europe and North America, Ethiopian Muslims continue to contest securitization and marginalization by the state, even as they struggle with regional, national and transnational issues that impact all Muslim identity politics in the second decade of the 21st century.