bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De dia Deng Xiaoping, de noite Deng Lijun: música e memória em Plataforma
Authors: Mello Cecília 
Published: September 2015

<p>Este artigo é dedicado à relação intermidiática entre o cinema e a música pop em mandarim no filme <em>Plataforma </em>(<em>Zhantai</em>, 2000) do cineasta chinês Jia Zhang-ke. Um dos principais diretores do cinema mundial contemporâneo, Jia é considerado o maior expoente da Sexta Geração do cinema chinês, também conhecida como a “geração urbana” por seu enfoque na vida e na paisagem das cidades em constante mutação da China atual. As diversas canções que pontuam o filme, que traça um panorama das transformações ocorridas no país durante a década de 1980 a partir da história de uma trupe de artistas itinerantes, são por um lado fragmentos da memória individual e autoral de Jia, transformados em peças importantes no seu empenho de reconstrução de uma memória coletiva através do cinema. Por outro lado, e para além de seu valor memorial, o impacto dessas canções nos anos 1980 e 1990 na China continental está relacionado, em grande medida, ao seu caráter de novidade, tanto por virem do exterior (principalmente de Hong Kong e Taiwan) quanto por empregarem a enunciação na primeira pessoa do singular, algo ausente nas canções revolucionárias chinesas ubíquas até então. Assim, a hipótese a ser explorada é de que a inclusão de canções pop em <em>Plataforma</em> se manifesta como uma marca autoral complexa relacionada à emergência e valorização do indivíduo no panorama das recentes mudanças econômicas e sociais da China continental. </p>
Biological and Environmental Controls on Evaporative Fractions at AmeriFlux Sites
Authors: Zhou Chunlüe , Wang Kaicun 
Published: September 2015

AbstractKnowledge of the evaporative fraction (EF: the ratio of latent heat flux to the sum of sensible and latent heat fluxes) and its controls is particularly important for accurate estimates of water flux, heat exchange, and ecosystem response to climatic changes. In this study, the biological and environmental controls on monthly EF were evaluated across 81 AmeriFlux sites, mainly in North America, for 2000–12. The land-cover types of these sites include forest, shrubland, grassland, and cropland, and the local climates vary from humid to arid. The results show that vegetation coverage, indicated by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), has the best agreement with EF (site-averaged partial correlation coefficient ρ = 0.53; significance level p < 0.05) because of vegetation transpiration demand. The minimum air temperature is closely related to EF (site-averaged ρ = 0.51; p < 0.05) because of the inhibition of respiratory enzyme activity. Relative humidity, an indicator of surface aridity, shows a significant positive correlation with EF (site-averaged ρ = 0.46; p < 0.05). The impacts of wind speed and diurnal air temperature range on EF depend on land-cover types and are strong over grasslands and cropland. From these findings, empirical methods were established to predict monthly EF using meteorological data and NDVI. Correlation coefficients between EF estimates and observations range from 0.80 to 0.93, with root-mean-square errors varying from 0.09 to 0.12. This study demonstrates the varying controls on EF across different landscapes and enhances understanding of EF and its dynamics under changing climates.
Ancient gene duplications have shaped developmental stage-specific expression in Pristionchus pacificus
Authors: Baskaran Praveen , Rödelsperger Christian , Prabh Neel , Serobyan Vahan , Markov Gabriel V. , Hirsekorn Antje , Dieterich Christoph 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Background
The development of multicellular organisms is accompanied by gene expression changes in differentiating cells. Profiling stage-specific expression during development may reveal important insights into gene sets that contributed to the morphological diversity across the animal kingdom.

Results
We sequenced RNA-seq libraries throughout a developmental timecourse of the nematode Pristionchus pacificus. The transcriptomes reflect early larval stages, adult worms including late larvae, and growth-arrested dauer larvae and allowed the identification of developmentally regulated gene clusters. Our data reveals similar trends as previous transcriptome profiling of dauer worms and represents the first expression data for early larvae in P. pacificus. Gene expression clusters characterizing early larval stages show most significant enrichments of chaperones, while collagens are most significantly enriched in transcriptomes of late larvae and adult worms. By combining expression data with phylogenetic analysis, we found that developmentally regulated genes are found in paralogous clusters that have arisen through lineage-specific duplications after the split from the Caenorhabditis elegans branch.

Conclusions
We propose that gene duplications of developmentally regulated genes represent a plausible evolutionary mechanism to increase the dosage of stage-specific expression. Consequently, this may contribute to the substantial divergence in expression profiles that has been observed across larger evolutionary time scales.
Determination of nonlinear genetic architecture using compressed sensing
Authors: Ho Chiu Man , Hsu Stephen DH 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Background
One of the fundamental problems of modern genomics is to extract the genetic architecture of a complex trait from a data set of individual genotypes and trait values. Establishing this important connection between genotype and phenotype is complicated by the large number of candidate genes, the potentially large number of causal loci, and the likely presence of some nonlinear interactions between different genes. Compressed Sensing methods obtain solutions to under-constrained systems of linear equations. These methods can be applied to the problem of determining the best model relating genotype to phenotype, and generally deliver better performance than simply regressing the phenotype against each genetic variant, one at a time. We introduce a Compressed Sensing method that can reconstruct nonlinear genetic models (i.e., including epistasis, or gene-gene interactions) from phenotype-genotype (GWAS) data. Our method uses L1-penalized regression applied to nonlinear functions of the sensing matrix.

Results
The computational and data resource requirements for our method are similar to those necessary for reconstruction of linear genetic models (or identification of gene-trait associations), assuming a condition of generalized sparsity, which limits the total number of gene-gene interactions. An example of a sparse nonlinear model is one in which a typical locus interacts with several or even many others, but only a small subset of all possible interactions exist. It seems plausible that most genetic architectures fall in this category. We give theoretical arguments suggesting that the method is nearly optimal in performance, and demonstrate its effectiveness on broad classes of nonlinear genetic models using simulated human genomes and the small amount of currently available real data. A phase transition (i.e., dramatic and qualitative change) in the behavior of the algorithm indicates when sufficient data is available for its successful application.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that predictive models for many complex traits, including a variety of human disease susceptibilities (e.g., with additive heritability h2~0.5), can be extracted from data sets comprised of n ?~100s individuals, where s is the number of distinct causal variants influencing the trait. For example, given a trait controlled by ~10 k loci, roughly a million individuals would be sufficient for application of the method.
Ultrasound diagnostics in phlebology
Authors: Schimmelpfennig J. , Schimmelpfennig L. , Mendoza E. 
Published: September 2015

SummarySince the introduction of the Doppler effect into clinical practice for the diagnosis of vascular and cardiac diseases, the technology has developed considerably. From the pencil probe (CW Doppler) to black and white duplex, PW Doppler, which was incorporated into a B-mode image, to colour duplex ultrasound (CDU) and beyond to more recent developments, such as power duplex and B-mode flow imaging. These terms are frequently confused with each other and medical reports refer to CDU as “venous Doppler” or “ultrasound of the leg veins”. This short outline attempts to clarify each term briefly in words and images.
Are side effects always undesirable?
Authors: Zimbelmann M. , Kahle B. , Cordes J. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryIntroduction: The endovenous thermal ablation of the great saphenous vein due to varicosis changes the blood circulation in the groin. This could affect the venous drainage of the penis, especially the drainage of the corpus spongiosum over the external pudendal vein. There are a few cases in our clinic until now which had an enhanced swelling of the glans penis beside an erection.Objective: Is the enhancement of penile swelling caused by the targeted thermal ablation of the GSV without affecting the saphenofemoral tributaries in the groin?Material and Methods: To verify this enhanced swelling of the glans penis and change in the erectile function we want to ask 56 patients with a modified IIEF questionnaire.The IIEF is a validated questionnaire with a additional question for the swelling of the glans. We check the reliability of the additional question with 16 healthy males.Possible results: Hypothesis 1 (H+): There is an improvement of the erectile function. Hypothesis 2 (H-): There is a decrease of the erectile function. Hypothesis 3 (H0): There is no change of the erectile function. Schedule: 1.Preliminary assessment: Sept. 2014: ethical approval, Reliability of the additional question. 2. Main assessment: Oct. 2014 to May 2016. 3. Analysis of the data: May 2016 to Aug. 2016 4. Report of data: August 2016.
Students&#180; Attitude to Psychological and Pedagogical Training in Medical School
Authors: ����������  , Pleshkunova A. , ���������  , Vasileva E. , �������  , Tagaeva T. 
Published: September 2015

The article shows the need for diagnostic of medical students� attitudes to psychological and pedagogical training in order to improve its quality and
to give students a reflexive situation intended for accepting the understanding of the importance of psychological and pedagogical competency in the
structure of professional medical practice. Authors provide the results of research aimed at studying the medical school students� attitude to psychological
and educational training.
Nutritional considerations to maximise fertility performance in dairy farms — metabolic disease
Authors: Gammon Dan 
Published: September 2015

This is the third article in a series outlining the pertinent nutritional considerations for maximising fertility performance in dairy cows. This article will cover details of: the interactions between the physiological pathways for metabolic and reproductive control/signalling; detrimental impacts on fertility performance of excessive negative energy balance (NEB) and subsequent lipid metabolism; the impact and mechanisms of hypocalcaemia on reproductive performance; and guidelines for monitoring metabolic parameters and intervention levels. The author would refer readers to the first article in this series ( Gammon, 2015 ) for practical advice on rationing and nutritional recommendations to manage body condition score, ensure provision of adequate macro (energy (fat and starch)) components of diets to avoid excessive NEB, lipid metabolism and to Gammon (2014) for more detail on the prevention of hypocalcaemia.
Development and characterization of superparamagnetic coatings
Authors: Kuschnerus I. , Lüdtke-Buzug K. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Since 2005, Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is handled as a key technology with great potential in medical applications as an imaging method [1]. The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) which are already used as a tracer in MPI, combined with various polymers, are being investigated in order to enhance this potential. A combination of polymers such as polyethylene (PE) and polyurethane (PU) and SPIONs could be used as a coating for medical devices, or added to semi-rigid polyurethane for the production of surgical instruments [2]. This would be of great interest, since the method provides high sensitivity with simultaneous high spatial resolution and three-dimensional imaging in real time. Therefore various superparamagnetic coatings were developed, tested and characterized. Finally SPIONs and various polymers were combined directly and used for MPI-compatible models.
Locating regions of arrhythmogenic substrate by analyzing the duration of triggered atrial activities
Authors: Verma Bhawna , Oesterlein Tobias , Luik Armin , Schmitt Claus , Dössel Olaf 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Catheter ablation is the most widely used minimum invasive technique to cure atrial arrhythmias. However, the success rate of the treatment is still moderate and depends on the experience and expertise of the physicians. The aim of this work is to present a simple and feasible method to identify the arrhythmogenic areas on the atrium based on the duration of atrial activities in the intraatrial electrograms. Depolarization waves are created by giving pacing impulses from coronary sinus (CS). The duration of the activity triggered from sinus node (SN) and pacing sequences are analysed by calculating the duration of the activity to mark regions with long atrial activity waves. The intraatrial electrograms have been analysed on the basis of temporal and spatial information. The region specific study may favour the localization of the critical sites in the patient specific atrial anatomy and aid the physician in ascertaining the efficacy of the cardiac therapies. The identification of suitable markers for critical patterns of the depolarization waves may be crucial to guide an effective ablation treatment. In this work a novel study for point-to-point analysis of the intraatrial electrograms was carried out.
Atrial and ventricular signal averaging electrocardiography in pacemaker and cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Haschemi C. , Heinke M. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy with atrioventricular and interventricular delay optimized biventricular pacing is an established therapy for symptomatic heart failure patients with prolongation of QRS duration, left bundle branch block and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate right atrial, right ventricular and left ventricular electrical signals of implantable electronic cardiac devices with and without signal averaging technique with novel LabVIEW software. Electrical interatrial conduction delay and inter-ventricular conduction delay may be useful parameters to evaluate electrical atrial and ventricular desynchronization in heart failure patients.
Cardiac index in atrio- and interventricular delay optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy and cardiac contractility modulation
Authors: Tumampos J. , Wulf N. , Kühnert H. , Solbrig O. , Querengässer J. , Heinke M. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established therapy for heart failure patients and improves quality of life in patients with sinus rhythm, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left bundle branch block and wide QRS duration. Since approximately sixty percent of heart failure patients have a normal QRS duration they do not benefit or respond to the CRT. Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) releases nonexcitatoy impulses during the absolute refractory period in order to enhance the strength of the left ventricular contraction. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate differences in cardiac index between optimized and nonoptimized CRT and CCM devices versus standard values. Impedance cardiography, a noninvasive method was used to measure cardiac index (CI), a useful parameter which describes the blood volume during one minutes heart pumps related to the body surface. CRT patients indicate an increase of 39.74 percent and CCM patients an improvement of 21.89 percent more cardiac index with an optimized device.
The role of expert evaluation for microsleep detection
Authors: Golz M. , Schenka A. , Sommer D. , Geißler B. , Muttray A. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Recently, it has been shown by overnight driving simulation studies that microsleep density is the only known sleepiness indicator which rapidly increases within a few seconds immediately before sleepiness related crashes. This indicator is based solely on EEG and EOG and subsequent adaptive pattern recognition. Accurate microsleep recognition is very important for the performance of this sleepiness indicator. The question is whether expensive evaluations of microsleep events by a) experts are necessary or b) non-experts provide sufficient evaluations. Based on 11,114 microsleep events in case a) and 12,787 in case b) recognition accuracies were investigated utilizing (i) artificial neural networks and (ii) support-vector machines. Cross validated classification accuracies ranged between 92.2 % for (i,b) and 99.3 % for (ii, a). It is concluded that expert evaluations are very important to provide independent information for detecting microsleep.
New NIR spectroscopy based method to determine ischemia in vivo in liver – a first study on rats
Authors: Lange Matthias , Liebold Stephanie , Kan Chunyi , Dahmen Uta 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In this study we analysed ischemic rat liver lobes with Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to evaluate the potential of NIRS as predictor of ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI). We were able to predict duration of ischemia using visible and near infrared light.
Evaluation of CT capability for the detection of thin bone structures
Authors: Gudfinnsdottir H. , Helgason T. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Evaluation of CT capability for the detection of thin bone structures by means of modeling small bone structures and comparing with quantitative measurements. Knowledge of how thin bone structures can be or of what low density to be detectable in clinical CT images can increase the diagnostic competence to diagnose various diseases. Correlation between size and density of detectable bone structures is the key for many diagnosis purposes. This paper describes the use of clinical 64 detector scanner to image the skeletons of codfish and salmon species. Fish skeletons, such as codfish and salmon, have petite structures and lower bone density than humans. Bone structures were segmented out of the image data and 3D models of their skeletons developed. Evaluation was done by means of comparing quantitative measurements of selected bones to parameters observed from the model. Results show the limits where thin bones and of low density disappear from the clinical CT. It shows ability to reconstruct closely the diameter of the codfish bones but to a less extent the small bones of the salmon.
Tissue segmentation from head MRI: a ground truth validation for feature-enhanced tracking
Authors: Wissel Tobias , Stüber Patrick , Wagner Benjamin , Schweikard Achim , Ernst Floris 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Accuracy is essential for optical head-tracking in cranial radiotherapy. Recently, the exploitation of local patterns of tissue information was proposed to achieve a more robust registration. Here, we validate a ground truth for this information obtained from high resolution MRI scans. In five subjects we compared the segmentation accuracy of a semi-automatic algorithm with five human experts. While the algorithm segments the skin and bone surface with an average accuracy of less than 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm, respectively, the mean error on the tissue thickness was 0.17 mm. We conclude that this accuracy is a reasonable basis for extracting reliable cutaneous structures to support surface registration.
Analysis of the release kinetics of surface-bound proteins via laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: Pollack Thomas , Dangers Marc , Seitz Hermann 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The drying and resolving processes of surface-bound proteins were analysed with a stereoscopic microscope combined with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) with the aim to assist the advancement of a semiautomated point-of-care allergy diagnostic device. The results shown in this paper present the use of the LIF-method for concentration calibration and the analysis of drying and resolving dyed proteins. The method is established successfully and delivers precise results.
Wireless medical sensors – context, robustness and safety
Authors: Bollmeyer Christian , Pelka Mathias , Gehring Hartmut , Hellbrück Horst 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Wireless medical sensors are an emerging technology. Wireless sensors form networks and are placed in an unknown environment. For indoor scenarios context detection of medical sensors, e.g. removal of sensors from a specific room, is important. Current algorithms for context detection of wireless sensors are based on RF signals, but RF signal propagation and room location show only a weak correlation. Recent approaches with RSSI-measurements are based on prior fingerprinting and therefore costly. In our approach, we equip wireless sensor nodes with a barometric sensor to measure pressure disturbances that occur, when doors of rooms are opened or closed. By signal processing of these disturbances our proposed algorithm detects rooms and estimates distances without prior knowledge in an unknown environment. Based on these measurement we automatically build a topology graph representing the room context and distances for indoor environment in a model for buildings. We evaluate our algorithm within a wireless sensor network and show the performance of our solution.
A muscle model for hybrid muscle activation
Authors: Klauer Christian , Irmer Maximilian , Schauer Thomas 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
To develop model-based control strategies for Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) in order to support weak voluntary muscle contractions, a hybrid model for describing joint motions induced by concurrent voluntary-and FES induced muscle activation is proposed. It is based on a Hammerstein model – as commonly used in feedback controlled FES – and exemplarily applied to describe the shoulder abduction joint angle. Main component of a Hammerstein muscle model is usually a static input nonlinearity depending on the stimulation intensity. To additionally incorporate voluntary contributions, we extended the static non-linearity by a second input describing the intensity of the voluntary contribution that is estimated by electromyography (EMG) measurements – even during active FES. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used to describe the static input non-linearity. The output of the ANN drives a second-order linear dynamical system that describes the combined muscle activation and joint angle dynamics. The tunable parameters are adapted to the individual subject by a system identification approach using previously recorded I/O-data. The model has been validated in two healthy subjects yielding RMS values for the joint angle error of 3.56° and 3.44°, respectively.