bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a cost estimation model for efficient road improvement planning: A case study in Aceh Jaya regency
Authors: Muttaqin Z , Sugiarto S , Saleh S M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Estimation is a method used to predict financial requirements by analyzing, calculating, and engineering based on field conditions and bidding documents. To enhance efficiency, there is a pressing need for a simple, swift, accurate cost estimation model. Therefore, this study aimed to establish cost estimation model at the initial planning phase of construction work and to assess its accuracy in estimating cost for road improvement using cost significant model (CSM) compared to actual expenses. The fundamental objective was to facilitate the execution of construction work, ensuring the successful completion. Data collection occurred at the (PUPR) in Aceh Jaya Regency, consisting of 25 contracts for road improvement work spanning from 2018 to 2022. The data included the execution year, road area, total variable cost (y), and the categorization of work item as independent variables (xn). Subsequently, the work data was transformed into data per square meter (m2) for each work item by dividing each independent variable by the area of road improvement work. This showed the cost/m2 for each work item (xn) and the total cost (y)/m2. Annual inflation data was obtained from (BPS) of Aceh province used for calculation projection year. The identification of cost-significant item variables occurred after organizing the data according to work item, adjusting the work cost for the execution year and the work-year cost while considering inflation factor. Additionally, it was observed that 3 most expensive work items represented 80% work item had a substantial impact on the total cost. Classic assumption tests were conducted to confirm the suitability of data for further analysis. The analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression, resulting in a model with y = 69850.515 + 0.879(x4) + 1.085(x5) + 1.221(x7). When cost significant model estimates were compared to the actual total cost of road improvement in Aceh Jaya, the accuracy ranged from +17.46% to -19.30%, which was consistent with Class 3 classification of (AACE) International standards.This classification was suitable for semi-detailed cost estimation in the conceptual phase.
Phytochemical screening of three extraction process of Calotropis gigantea
Authors: Zulfikar T , Sutriana A , Rozaliyana A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Calotropis gigantea is a flowering plant belonging to the genus Calotropis of the family Asclepiadaceae. Many pharmacological activities of this plant show potential in human therapy. In this study, an investigation was conducted on the three extracted process namely n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanolic extract of C. gigantea collected from a coastline at Alue Naga beach, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Percent yield of C. gigantea leaf extract was mostly produced by ethanol solvent compared to ethyl acetate and n-hexane solvents, with total 8.25 grams (4.12%), 5.62 grams (2.80%), and 4.51 grams (2.25%), respectively. The results of phytochemical screening explained that the ethanol extract of C. gigantea leaves had abundant secondary metabolite compounds, compared to the n-hexane extract, only the steroid compounds were detected. The ethyl acetate extract of C. gigantea leaves showed the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds, but no saponins and alkaloids were found. These observations underscore the exciting potential of C. gigantea as a promising reservoir of flora rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and steroid compounds, derived from the coast so that it can be used as a drug candidate.
DC motor speed control using boost converter DC-DC chopper type based on the PID controller
Authors: Suriadi  , Randa Y A , Syukri M , Fathurrahman  , Syukriyadin  , Marwan  , Masri  , Multazam T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The boost converter with PID-based control is designed to be able to control the speed of the DC motor. In particular, the boost converter based on the PID able to produce output from the control process that is more intelligent, efficient and effective in maintaining the stability of the DC motor rotation. From the results, It can shows the difference and effect of output when using only boost converter and when implemented with PID control. The motor control is carried out with different torque conditions. The expected result is controlling the motor speed by the boost converter based on the PID and its performance at the time of starting as well as to changes in the reference speed of rotation and load according to the set point. From the experiment, it was found that the boost converter can increase the voltage according to changes in load torque and PID control can eliminate overshoot on the system and can reach the reference speed quickly, it only takes 1 second. Based on the data analysis that has been conducted, it can be concluded that the boost converter with PID controller functions quite well to regulate the DC motor speed to remain at the reference speed.
Acute toxicity testing of a mixture of ethanol extracts of ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.), turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), and habbatussauda seeds (Nigella sativa L.) on the anatomy of mice
Authors: Al Chusna S , Sari W , Syifa S B , Zilhaya U , Rosnizar  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Immunostimulators are a collection of certain substances that are used to improve the immune system, especially when the body is sick. The use of herbs as immunostimulators is an option because it has been proven to be relatively safer if consumed correctly and appropriately. Four types of plants that are thought to have benefits as immunostimulators and have been used by some Indonesian people for generations are ginger, lemongrass, turmeric and habbatussauda. This study aims to determine the toxicity effects of a mixture of ethanol extracts based on observations of toxic symptoms, anatomical changes in mice (Mus musculus L.) and determine the level of toxicity through calculating the LD50. This research was experimental using 30 male mice divided into 6 treatments and 5 replications. Treatment consisted of control, mixed extracts of ginger, lemongrass, turmeric and black seed at doses of 1000 mg/kgBB, 2000 mg/kgBB, 3000 mg/kgBB, 4000 mg/kgBB and 5000 mg/kgBB given orally. The results showed that the ethanol extract of a mixture of ginger, lemongrass, turmeric and black seed had no significant effect on the average weight of the lungs, liver, heart and spleen. But it has a significant effect on the average weight of the kidney. The results of this study also showed changes in the mice’s body weight after 14 days of administration of the extract which tended to increase. The results of the research showed that no deaths occurred in the test animals so it was declared with a pseudo LD50 and was included in the practically non-toxic category so that the mixture of ginger, lemongrass, turmeric and black cumin was safe to use.
Beta four parameter GLMM approach to evaluate paddy productivity
Authors: Kusumaningrum D , Wijayanto H , Notodiputro KA , Ardiansyah M , Kurnia A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the top five counties in the world that produces rice. In average, Indonesia has a paddy productivity of 5.2 tons per hectare and continuously growing within 1.59% annual rate. Eventhough high, one of the main problems faced is that Indonesia is a vast archipelago country that has a diverse agro-climatic and socio-economic conditions which can significantly impact paddy productivity in an area. Given also that the paddy productivity in Indonesia has a certain minimum and maximum value, thus using a beta four parameter-based model is considered appropriate. We have proposed novel Beta Four Parameter GLMM that was an extension of the Beta Four Parameter regression model developed by Zou and Huang (2022). The model was applied in an empirical study based on farmers crop cutting survey in Central Kalimantan Indonesia. Results show that the proposed Beta Four Parameter GLMM has a better model fit. The model showed that pest attacks, pest handling, and resource allocation was considered the most influential variable affecting paddy productivity. Hence, it is suggested that the government must focus to construct a comprehensive strategy to improve paddy productivity by making it more resilient to pest and having more sufficient resource allocation management.
Antioxidant activity of Robusta coffee peel extract (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) and its formulation as a face serum gel
Authors: Maysarah H , Desiyana L S , Sari I , Rapiah S N , Illian D N , Husni M A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The utilization of coffee peel becomes crucial in the coffee manufacturing process since the amount of coffee peel waste produced is proportional to the amount of coffee harvested. The ethanolic extract of Robusta coffee peel contains polyphenolic, which known as natural antioxidants. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity of Robusta coffee peels by the DPPH radical scavenging assay, and their formulation into a face serum gel were carried out. Phytochemical screening showed that Robusta coffee peel extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and triterpenoids. The antioxidant activity of Robusta coffee peel extract gave an IC50 value 27.9657 µg/mL, which is considered to have very significant antioxidant activity. Formulas I and II of the serum gel formulation contain 0.006% and 0.009% of the Robusta coffee peel extract, respectively. The organoleptic, viscosity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and stability tests have met all of the parameters. The serum gel passed the preparation’s irritation test without showing any signs of irritation. The antioxidant activity of face serum gel gave an IC50 value of 56.2754 µg/mL in formula I, which was categorized as having strong antioxidant activity, and 30.3451 µg/mL in formula II, which was categorized as having very strong antioxidant activity. In summary, Robusta coffee peel extract has the potential to be a natural antioxidant and might be made into a face serum gel preparation.
Organizational factors affecting supply chain vulnerability of building project
Authors: Nurisra  , Sugiarto  , Mubarak  , Oktaviani C Z , Fachrurrazi  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The project construction supply chain can be particularly vulnerable to disruptive events because of the dispersed nature of temporary project teams and the unpredictability of the operating environment. Supply chain vulnerabilities are the fundamental elements that leave the business subject to disruption. It is necessary to identify the vulnerabilities in the supply chain before attempting to improve its resilience. This study proposes to identify the primary causes of organizational vulnerability in the supply chain of construction projects based on these problems. The study focuses on medium-sized and large construction companies that work on building projects in Aceh Province between 2018 and 2022. This study used a data collection technique by distributing questionnaires to contractor companies involved in construction projects. The primary data collection was analyzed using descriptive analysis and the Relative Importance Index (RII) method. The results obtained show that management vulnerability is the main vulnerable factor in the organization of the supply chain of construction projects, with the highest index being delayed in information and decision-making with an RII value of 0.9118. The findings of this study may be useful to contractor firms in managing the construction project supply chain.
Determining the zoning pattern of education facilities based on aspects of density and radius of settlements in Banda Aceh
Authors: Agussaini H , Muliadi  , Awana A A , Lathifah D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The zoning system is a refinement of the rayonization system used in the admission of new students (Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru-PPDB). The government implemented this system to achieve equal distribution of access and quality of education nationally. However, the zoning system faces several obstacles that prevent it from running optimally. In Banda Aceh, the distribution of State-owned Senior High Schools (SMAN) is uneven across sub-districts, making the PPDB difficult to implement. This study examines the accessibility of settlements in Banda Aceh by analyzing the distribution of high school education facilities. The study uses the spatial analysis method (service area) to determine the accessibility of SMAN to settlements in Banda Aceh. The results show that at a distance of 1600 meters, 48.12% of all settlements were served, while for a 10-minute travel time, 24.87% of the total settlements were served. The data suggests that SMAN education facilities are not evenly distributed throughout residential areas in Banda Aceh. This is true for both the ideal distance of 1600 meters and the travel distance of under 10 minutes, with less than 50% coverage. To address this issue, new SMAN schools should be added to reduce the distance between schools and residences.
Analysis of tough clay soil plastic index from several quarries in Aceh Besar District for seismic mitigation
Authors: Munirwansyah M , Putri D A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Clay soils that tend to have the potential for landslides and earthquake-induced cracking are a serious problem in the development of infrastructure and settlements in the area. This research investigation sample was collected at a quarry in several areas of Aceh Besar District to identify problematic soil behavior in various quarries. The method used was stabilization by conducting compaction testing to obtain the optimum moisture content of the natural soil. The quarry soil samples taken were disturbed samples, which were then tested directly at the Soil Mechanics Laboratory. The data used in this study is the plastic index (PI) value. This research aims to assess stabilization strategies for problematic clay soils as an earthquake risk mitigation effort in the Aceh Besar region. The results of this study are expected to provide practical guidance for stakeholders in planning and developing more earthquake-resistant infrastructure in Aceh Besar. The result of the test showed that the OMC value was 36.3% with a dry weight of 1.22 gr/cm3.
Optical characterizations of densely doped Tm3+:KYW crystals at low temperatures
Authors: Lei Yisheng , Kling Trevor , Hosseini Mahdi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We investigate the optical lifetime, decay characteristics, spectral linewidth and energy level properties of thulium ions doped in a KY(WO

4

)

2

crystal at 4 K temperature. High doping concentration of thulium ions with inhomogeneous broadening allow us to study nonradiative behaviors, instantaneous spectral diffusion, and spectral power broadening in this solid-state material. The theoretical consideration of ion–ion interactions is shown to accurately characterize the absorption, decay and other spectral behaviors of Tm

3
+

ions. We observe more than ten-fold reduction in the decay time of 3H4 state and about three-fold reduction in the spectral-hole lifetime as we approach the center of the inhomogeneous broadening, corresponding to higher optical densities.
Efficient protein structure archiving using ProteStAr
Authors: Deorowicz Sebastian , Gudyś Adam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Motivation
The introduction of Deep Minds’ Alpha Fold 2 enabled the prediction of protein structures at an unprecedented scale. AlphaFold Protein Structure Database and ESM Metagenomic Atlas contain hundreds of millions of structures stored in CIF and/or PDB formats. When compressed with a general-purpose utility like gzip, this translates to tens of terabytes of data, which hinders the effective use of predicted structures in large-scale analyses.

Results
Here, we present ProteStAr, a compressor dedicated to CIF/PDB, as well as supplementary PAE files. Its main contribution is a novel approach to predicting atom coordinates on the basis of the previously analyzed atoms. This allows efficient encoding of the coordinates, the largest component of the protein structure files. The compression is lossless by default, though the lossy mode with a controlled maximum error of coordinates reconstruction is also present. Compared to the competing packages, i.e. BinaryCIF, Foldcomp, PDC, our approach offers a superior compression ratio at established reconstruction accuracy. By the efficient use of threads at both compression and decompression stages, the algorithm takes advantage of the multicore architecture of current central processing units and operates with speeds of about 1 GB/s. The presence of Python and C++ API further increases the usability of the presented method.

Availability and implementation
The source code of ProteStAr is available at https://github.com/refresh-bio/protestar.
Paediatric magnetoencephalography and its role in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Rhodes Natalie , Sato Julie , Safar Kristina , Amorim Kaela , Taylor Margot J , Brookes Matthew J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that assesses neurophysiology through the detection of the magnetic fields generated by neural currents. In this way, it is sensitive to brain activity, both in individual regions and brain-wide networks. Conventional MEG systems employ an array of sensors that must be cryogenically cooled to low temperature, in a rigid one-size-fits-all helmet. Systems are typically designed to fit adults and are therefore challenging to use for paediatric measurements. Despite this, MEG has been employed successfully in research to investigate neurodevelopmental disorders, and clinically for presurgical planning for paediatric epilepsy. Here, we review the applications of MEG in children, specifically focussing on autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Our review demonstrates the significance of MEG in furthering our understanding of these neurodevelopmental disorders, while also highlighting the limitations of current instrumentation. We also consider the future of paediatric MEG, with a focus on newly developed instrumentation based on optically pumped magnetometers (OPM-MEG). We provide a brief overview of the development of OPM-MEG systems, and how this new technology might enable investigation of brain function in very young children and infants.
Investigating the impact of schizophrenia traits on attention: the role of the theta band in a modified Posner cueing paradigm
Authors: Qu Hongyu , Zhao Shuo , Li Zimo , Wu Jinglong , Murai Toshiya , Li Qi , Wu Yan , Zhang Zhilin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Joint attention is an indispensable tool for daily communication. Abnormalities in joint attention may be a key reason underlying social impairment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In this study, we aimed to explore the attentional orientation mechanism related to schizotypal traits in a social situation. Here, we employed a Posner cueing paradigm with social attentional cues. Subjects needed to detect the location of a target that is cued by gaze and head orientation. The power in the theta frequency band was used to examine the attentional process in the schizophrenia spectrum. There were four main findings. First, a significant association was found between schizotypal traits and attention orientation in response to invalid gaze cues. Second, individuals with schizotypal traits exhibited significant activation of neural oscillations and synchrony in the theta band, which correlated with their schizotypal tendencies. Third, neural oscillations and synchrony demonstrated a synergistic effect during social tasks, particularly when processing gaze cues. Finally, the relationship between schizotypal traits and attention orientation was mediated by neural oscillations and synchrony in the theta frequency band. These findings deepen our understanding of the impact of theta activity in schizotypal traits on joint attention and offer new insights for future intervention strategies.
Exploring learner engagement in an Indian ESP classroom
Authors: Karthika V K 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The lack of interest from learners and their struggles to engage in classroom activities can impede the learning process. In this article, I discuss a framework that has proven effective in my teaching environment, fostering both initial and sustained engagement among learners throughout a course. The CLARA model, adapted from Mercer and Dörnyei (2020), outlines key principles of learner engagement upon which educators can draw to design their teaching approaches, with the aim of enhancing learner engagement and improving learning outcomes. As an illustrative example of this model’s effectiveness, I hope to demonstrate how, as a class, we used CLARA to inform our approach. This involved identifying climate action as a theme for our classroom, challenging ourselves to find ways in which we could work on this topic, and creating climate action comics as an interesting, challenging, and effective output for learner creativity and engagement.
Sex differences in treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia: a meta-analysis
Authors: Iatan Iulia , Akioyamen Leo E , Ruel Isabelle , Guerin Amanda , Hales Lindsay , Coutinho Thais , Brunham Liam R , Genest Jacques 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a highly prevalent monogenic disorder characterized by elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Sex disparities in diagnosis, lipid-lowering therapy, and achieved lipid levels have emerged worldwide, resulting in barriers to care in FH. A systematic review was performed to investigate sex-related disparities in treatment, response, and lipid target achievement in FH (PROSPERO, CRD42022353297).

Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane library, PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo, and grey literature databases were searched from inception to 26 April 2023. Records were eligible if they described sex differences in the treatment of adults with FH.

Results
Of 4432 publications reviewed, 133 met our eligibility criteria. In 16 interventional clinical trials (eight randomized and eight non-randomized; 1840 participants, 49.4% females), there were no differences between males and females in response to fixed doses of lipid-lowering therapy, suggesting that sex was not a determinant of response. Meta-analysis of 25 real-world observational studies (129 441 participants, 53.4% females) found that females were less likely to be on lipid-lowering therapy compared with males (odds ratio .74, 95% confidence interval .66–.85). Importantly, females were less likely to reach an LDL-C &lt; 2.5 mmol/L (odds ratio .85, 95% confidence interval .74–.97). Similarly, treated LDL-C levels were higher in females. Despite this, male sex was associated with a two-fold greater relative risk of major adverse cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular mortality.

Conclusions
Females with FH were less likely to be treated intensively and to reach guideline-recommended LDL-C targets. This sex bias represents a surmountable barrier to clinical care.