bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of frontal lobe functions in a sample of male cannabis users currently in abstinence: correlations with duration of use and their functional outcomes
Authors: Tag-Eldeen El-Shimaa , Fahmy Magda , Anwar Khaled , Ibrahim Omneya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous research literature reported different results regarding the long-term effects that cannabis use can exert on the frontal lobe neurocognitive functions of its users. Another body of research suggested that cannabis use negatively affects the person’s general level of occupational and psychosocial functioning consequently to these alterations. Some other research results did not support these findings. To date, it is still debatable whether chronic cannabis use triggers negative neurocognitive effects in chronic users even after a period of abstinence. Research data exploring consequent adverse outcomes on the general individual occupational and psychosocial functioning is not yet conclusive.

Results
We conducted this study to examine the residual neurocognitive effects of cannabis use, whether it is affected by duration of cannabis use before abstinence, and its relation to individual’s global assessment of functioning exhibited in the person’s occupational and social life whether it’s family or friends. Our sample comprised 80 male participants (18–45 years old) who were grouped into 4 groups (3 groups with different durations of use and a control group), with no significant difference between the four studied groups regarding age, education, and socioeconomic level. The Kruskal Wallis test was used to test the significance of differences in the distribution of total frontal lobe battery results and the general assessment of function scores using GAF scores between study groups. Post hoc testing was performed to adjust for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni method.

Conclusion
Data analysis showed that cannabis users experienced general functional disturbances that encompass impairments in social and occupational life aspects. These impairments in function are correlated with the presence of neurocognitive deficits even after a period of abstinence. Both having significant positive correlation with longer duration of cannabis use.
Targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) as a signaling pathway in immune-mediated diseases: from molecular mechanisms to leading treatments
Authors: Tavakoli Gita Manzari , Yazdanpanah Niloufar , Rezaei Nima 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, plays a remarkable role in the transmission and amplification of extracellular signals to intracellular signaling pathways. Various types of cells use the BTK pathway to communicate, including hematopoietic cells particularly B cells and T cells. The BTK pathway plays a role in controlling the proliferation, survival, and functions of B cells as well as other myeloid cells. First, second, and third-generation BTK inhibitors are currently being evaluated for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases in addition to B cell malignancies. In this article, the available evidence on the action mechanisms of BTK inhibitors is reviewed. Then, the most recent data obtained from preclinical studies and ongoing clinical trials for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, bullous pemphigoid, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, and inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, chronic spontaneous urticaria, atopic dermatitis, and asthma are discussed. In addition, adverse effects and complications associated with BTK inhibitors as well as factors predisposing patients to BTK inhibitors complications are discussed.
The analysis for fatigue caused by vibration of railway composite beam considering time-dependent effect
Authors: Gao Ce , Zhu Li , Han Bing , Zhang Cheng , Su Rui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe time-dependent effects in steel-concrete composite beam bridges can intensify track irregularities, subsequently leading to amplified train-bridge coupling vibrations. This phenomenon may increase the stress amplitudes in the bridge steel, thereby impacting the fatigue performance of the composite structures. This paper employs multiple rigid body dynamics to construct a high-speed train model and utilizes the finite element method to develop a steel-concrete composite beam element model that accounts for time-dependent effects, interfacial slip, and shear hysteresis. This approach enables the computational analysis of the train-bridge coupling system, facilitating an investigation into the influence of concrete’s time-dependent effects on the fatigue performance of railway steel-concrete composite bridges. Focusing on a 40-m simply supported composite bridge, the train-bridge coupling dynamic responses were computed for each operational year within a decade of the completion of construction. Applying the P-M linear fatigue damage accumulation theory, statistical analysis of stress history data across various operational periods was conducted to quantify the fatigue damage induced by a single eight-car high-speed train on the lower flange of the mid-span steel beam and the beam-end studs. The findings reveal that the beam-end studs sustain greater damage than the mid-span steel beam. Moreover, the detrimental impact of time-dependent effects diminishes with the increase of operational years. Notably, compared to the initial year, the fatigue damage to the lower flange of the mid-span steel beam by an eight-car train in the tenth year has surged by 39.3%. Conversely, the damage to the beam-end studs has decreased by 47.5%.
Overview of medical analysis capabilities in radiology of current Artificial Intelligence models
Authors: Kosiorowska Paulina , Pasieka Karolina , Perenc Helena , Majka Karolina , Krawczyk Kornelia , Pędras Marek , Kosar Michał , Korzonek Urszula , Kupniewski Kuba 
Published: August 2024

Judgment is fundamental in medicine, particularly when combining complex data layers with detailed decision-making processes. Radiology processes present a distinct challenge for medical decisions due to the data amount and shortage in time and personnel capable of analyzing images.
Additionally, it's crucial to consider each patient's specific situation, including their current state and disease history. Despite advancements in technology, there are still significant hurdles in accurately analyzing radiology data. Radiographic assessments, which are predominantly based on visual inspections, could greatly benefit from enhanced computational analyses. Artificial intelligence (AI) in particular holds the potential to significantly improve the qualitative interpretation of imaging by medical experts - automating and even replacing some parts of their work. This article will be an overview of possibilities and challenges associated with introducing new technology into medical spaces. Doctors are struggling with time and it limits how much care they can show for each patient. The image can be marked for most important parts, AI can produce a more user friendly version of the description, suggesting what might be the problem for later human evaluation. Understanding the possibilities of automating or cutting down time spend by radiology experts on analyze will allow faster deliver of radiologic image description for doctors dealing with patient treatment.
Validation of the Russian-language version of Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire
Authors: Vorobyova L. D. , Dubinina T. V. , Sablina A. O. , Demina A. B. , Ilinykh E. V. , Sakharova K. V. , Andrianova I. A. , Korotaeva T. V. , Ivanova L. V. 
Published: August 2024

Objective: validation of the Russian-language version of Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) specific questionnaire for patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Materials and methods. Тhe study included 100 patients with a definite diagnosis of AS according to the modified New York criteria of 1984. Patients were mostly men (58.5%), average age – 38.6±10 years, disease duration – 10.3±7.0 years, median disease activity by ASDAS-CRP – 2.32 [1.45; 2.94]. At the initial visit and after 3 months, all patients underwent a standard rheumatological examination, with assessment of the tender joint count (TJC) and swollen joint count (SJC) out of 44 joints assessed, the number of inflamed entheses using MASES index, spinal mobility using BASMI index. Assessment of patient reported outcomes included an assessment of spinal pain, night spinal pain, spinal pain during the day using a numerical rating scale, patient’s global assessment of health, assessment of functional status using BASFI index and health related quality of life (HRQoL) using EQ-5D, SF-36 and ASQoL questionnaires. To determine reliability of ASQoL questionnaire, a test-retest analysis and determination of internal consistency by calculating the Cronbach's α coefficient were used. The reliability of the questionnaire was analyzed in 39 patients. To assess the validity of the ASQoL questionnaire, i.e. its ability to reliably measure its inherent characteristics, construct and criterion validity were determined. The sensitivity of the questionnaire was assessed after 3 months during therapy in 79 patients. Results and discussion. According to the test-retest analysis, there was no difference between the initial assessment and re-assessment after 3 days (p>0.05), the Cronbach α coefficient was 0.884, indicating high reliability. Construct validity analysis was carried out using factor analysis and the “known groups” method. 3 main factors were identified: pain, physical health, emotional health. The “known groups” method showed that in patients with high disease activity according to ASDAS-CRP and BASDAI, HRQoL was significantly worse than in patients with low disease activity (р<0,05). To calculate criterion validity, the relationship of ASQoL to “external criteria” and interchangeability with general questionnaires SF-36 and EQ-5D were evaluated by a correlation analysis. It was shown that this questionnaire is highly interchangeable. To determine sensitivity of ASQoL, its changes were analyzed in relation to the effect of therapy after 3 months. Significant changes in the subscales of the questionnaire were observed in patients who achieved low disease activity according to ASDAS-CRP during therapy, reflecting its good sensitivity. Conclusion. The ASQoL has good psychometric properties and is able to reflect changes in a patient's health status over time along with disease activity.
The influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis
Authors: Taskina E. A. , Alekseeva L. I. , Kashevarova N. G. , Strebkova E. A. , Sharapova E. P. , Savushkina N. M. , Mikhailov K. M. , Raskina T. A. , Vinogradova I. B. , Otteva E. N. , Zonova E. V. , Anoshenkova O. N. , Lila A. M. 
Published: August 2024

Objective: to investigate in a multicenter study relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis (OA). Material and methods. The study involved 767 patients aged 40–75 years with a confirmed diagnosis of stage I–III knee OA who had signed an informed consent form. The mean age of patients was 57.9±9.6 years, body mass index (BMI) was 30.8±6.4 kg/m2 and median duration of disease was 5 [2; 11] years. An individual record card was filled out for each patient, it contained anthropometric parameters, medical history and clinical examination data, knee pain assessment using a visual analogue scale (VAS), WOMAC, parameters of KOOS questionnaire and patient's global assessment of health. Results and discussion. DM was detected in 17.2% of cases. Patients were categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of DM. In the presence of DM, more severe clinical manifestations of OA were noted. However, patients with DM were older, had higher BMI values, longer disease duration and were more frequently diagnosed with radiological stage III OA. After stratification by age and disease duration, individuals with DM retained worse pain scores according to VAS compared to patients without DM (median 51.5 [41.5; 70] mm versus 36 [25; 50] mm, p=0.049), total WOMAC index (1047.5 [792; 1260] mm versus 823 [536; 1145] mm; p=0.005) and its components (pain – 200 [160; 254] mm versus 155 [108; 230] mm, p=0.002; stiffness – 90 [50; 115] mm versus 60.5 [35; 100] mm, p=0.03; functional impairment – 765 [550; 918] mm versus 595 [350; 820] mm, p=0.009). Conclusion. Type 2 DM is common in patients with OA (in 17.2% of cases) and is associated with more severe clinical manifestations: greater pain intensity according to VAS and higher WOMAC scores (total index and its components).
Distribusi Logam Berat (Pb dan Cd) Sedimen di Perairan Pantai Loji Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Dierrisska Pudja Handjanny Nastitie , Maslukah Lilik , Rochaddi Baskoro , Zainuri Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Sungai Loji merupakan salah satu sungai di Kabupaten Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah, yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai aktivitas manusia seperti industri, perikanan, dan pemukiman. Berbagai aktivitas tersebut dapat menghasilkan limbah, salah satunya adalah logam berat, Adanya aliran air dari daratan menyebabkan sebagian logam berat dapat masuk ke laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan dan memetakan pola distribusi kandungan logam berat Timbal (Pb) dan Cadmium (Cd) di sedimen dasar dan keterkaitannya terhadap prosentase ukuran butir dan bahan organik sedimen. Pengambilan sampel pada 24 Agustus 2021. Analissis logam berat Pb dan Cd sedimen menggunakan metode SNI 4819:2013, bahan organik menggunakan loss of igniation (LOI), ukuran butir melalui pengayakan dan pemipetan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi Pb antara 3,708 - 6,149 mg/kg dan Cd dibawah deteksi limit (≤0,003 mg/kg). Pola distribusi logam Pb tidak dipengaruhi oleh ukuran butir, namun dipengaruhi oleh prosentase bahan organik sebesar 43%. Konsentrasi bahan organik berada pada kisaran 28,5% - 53,29%. Konsentrasi logam berat sedimen masih berada di bawah baku mutu ANZECC dan perairan pantai Loji, Pekalongan ini masih dalam kondisi alami atau belum tercemar. One of the rivers in Pekalongan Regency, Central Java, Loji River is affected by various human activities such as industry, fisheries, and settlements. These activities can produce waste, one of which is heavy metals. The existence of runoff from land causes some heavy metals to reach the marine environment. This study aims to determine and mapping the distribution patterns of the heavy metal content of Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) in bottom sediments and their relationship to the percentage of grain size and organic matter of sediments. Sampling was on 24 August 2021. Analysis of sediment Pb and Cd using the SNI 4819: 2013 method, organic matter using loss of igniation (LOI), grain size through sieving and pipetting. The results showed Pb concentrations between 3.708 - 6.149 mg/kg and Cd concentration below the detection limit (≤0.003 mg/kg). The distribution pattern of Pb metal was not influenced by grain size, but was influenced by the percentage of organic matter by 43%. The concentration of organic matter is in the range of 28.5% - 53.29%. The concentration of Pb and Cd in the sediment is still below the ANZECC quality standard, so the coastal waters of Loji, Pekalongan are still in an unpolluted condition.
Capillary blood parameters are gestational age, birthweight, delivery mode and gender dependent in healthy preterm and term infants
Authors: Perrotta Marika , D’Adamo Ebe , Strozzi Chiara , D’Egidio Claudia , Del Rosso Francesca , Maconi Antonio , Picone Simonetta , Giardinelli Giustina , Cepelli Laura , Cicolini Ilenia , Conte Mariangela , Bellinaso Mariangela , Negri Rossana , Gazzolo Francesca , Cassinari Maurizio , Abella Laura , Abdelhameed Ali Saber , Mangifesta Rocco , Gazzolo Diego 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The measurement of blood pH and gas analytes (BPGA), soon after birth, constitutes the first-line standard of care procedure in high-risk newborns. However, no data is available in capillary blood on perinatal bias such as gestational age (GA), weight at birth (BW), delivery mode, and gender. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether in a cohort of healthy preterm (PT) and term (T) infants BPGA were GA, BW, delivery mode and gender dependent, thus affecting BPGA reliability as diagnostic test.

Methods
We performed a prospective case-control study in 560 healthy infants (PT: n=115, T: n=445). BPGA was measured within 24-h from birth. Perinatal characteristics, outcomes, and clinical examination were also recorded.

Results
PT infants showed higher (p<0.001) carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2), fraction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF), base excess (BE), bicarbonate (HCO3), and lower lactate (Lac) levels. When corrected for delivery mode, higher (p<0.001) HbF, BE, HCO3, and lower Lac levels were found. Similarly, higher (p<0.05, for all) pCO2, HbF, BE, HCO3 and lower Lac levels were found between female and male PT and T infants. Repeated multiple logistic regression analysis showed that BPGA was GA, BW, delivery mode and gender dependent.

Conclusions
The present results showing that BPGA can be affected by a series of perinatal outcomes open the way to further investigations providing longitudinal BPGA reference curves in the transitional phase, thus empowering BPGA role as a reliable diagnostic and therapeutic strategies efficacy marker.
A novel workflow for shale lithology identification – A case study in the Gulong Depression, Songliao Basin, China
Authors: Xu Liying , Han Ruiyi , Yan Xuehong , Han Xue , Li Zhenlin , Wang Hui , Xue Linfu , Guo Yuhang , Mo Xiuwen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe identification of shale lithology is of great importance for the exploration and development of shale reservoirs. The lithology and mineralogical composition of shale are closely related, but a small number of laboratory core analysis samples are insufficient to evaluate the lithology of the entire formation. In this study, a lithology identification method using conventional logging curves is proposed for the shale stratigraphy of the Qingshankou Formation in the Gulong Depression of the Songliao Basin, northeastern China. First, a mineral pre-training model is constructed using discrete petrophysical experimental data with logging data, and features are generated for the logging data. Second, an adaptive multi-objective swarm crossover optimization method is employed to address the imbalance of logging data. Finally, the model is combined with a Bayesian gradient boosting algorithm for lithology identification. The proposed method demonstrates superior performance to eXtreme Gradient Boosting, Support Vector Machines, Multilayer Perceptron, and Random Forest in terms of accuracy, weight perspective, and macro perspective evaluation indexes. The method has been successfully applied in actual wells, with excellent results. The results indicate that the workflow is a reliable means of shale lithology identification.
Update burn surgery: overview of current multidisciplinary treatment concepts
Authors: Schlottmann Frederik , Lorbeer Lisa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The treatment of severe burn injuries is an essential part of plastic-reconstructive surgery. Severe burned patients are treated in burn centers, which have highly specialized technical and personnel equipment. In addition to clear recommendations for prehospital management, intensive care therapy is usually required for extensive burn wounds. Shock therapy in burns primarily involves balanced fluid resuscitation according to hemodynamic monitoring, vasopressor support, pain management, temperature regulation, oxygen therapy, and comprehensive supportive care to stabilize the patient’s condition. Surgical treatment is still based on wound debridement and the gold standard of autologous split-thickness skin grafting. Besides skin transplantation, surgical management of burns may also involve the application of various topical therapies to promote wound healing, reduce pain, and prevent infection. These therapies may include antimicrobial dressings, skin substitutes, growth factors, or specialized wound care products. Once the acute treatment has been completed, multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment takes place, which begins in the acute hospital and continues in the outpatient and inpatient rehabilitation areas. Surgical treatment of the secondary complications of burns and scars is also an important component of burn care. Comprehensive knowledge of the various components and players involved in the care of severely burned patients is, therefore, required in order to achieve the best possible outcome for the patient.
Evaluation of the etiology of subclinical hypothyroidism in children
Authors: Yaşar Ayşe , Altun Esma Ebru , Kırmızıbekmez Heves , Dursun Fatma 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined by normal free triiodothyronine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) levels, elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and the absence of overt clinical signs of hypothyroidism. The natural course of SH is influenced by the underlying etiology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the etiologic causes of SH.

Methods
A total of 135 patients aged 1–18 years, diagnosed with SH by at least two analytical measurements, were included in the study. The anthropometric measurements, demographic characteristics, and laboratory findings of the patients were determined. A comparison was conducted between patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and patients with non-autoimmune etiology.

Results
The median age was 9.7 (6.5) years, and 82 of the 135 patients were female. The most prevalent etiology was idiopathic, affecting 39 (28.9 %) patients. This was followed by obesity, which was identified in 21 (15.6 %) patients. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was the third most common cause, accounting for 18 (13.3 %) patients. In patients with Hashimoto’s disease, fT4 levels were significantly lower, and the rate of initiation of LT4 treatment was higher than in patients with other etiologies. A heterozygous variation in the TSH receptor (TSHR) gene was detected in six patients.

Conclusions
In our study, idiopathic cases were the most frequently identified in the etiology of SH. It is important to determine whether there is autoimmune thyroiditis. In cases of idiopathic SH, it is recommended to perform TSHR gene analysis, particularly in the presence of positive family history and newborn screening results. This approach will help elucidate the underlying etiology.
To go big, we have to go home: building foundations for the future of community-engaged and public-facing research in linguistics
Authors: Charity Hudley Anne , Mallinson Christine , Clemons Aris 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this article, we discuss various public-facing scholarly activities we have engaged in and how these initiatives have reached large audiences to widely spread messages about language and linguistic equity and inclusion. We provide guidance for how to launch, coordinate, and carry out public outreach initiatives and community-engaged research, how to navigate potential pitfalls and position these efforts for success, and how to demonstrate the direct value and relevance of the work. We also offer strategies and advice for other linguists engaging in public outreach endeavors, especially with regard to connecting community-engaged work with teaching and research for maximal impact within the scholarly ecosystem. Community-engaged research and public-facing initiatives are best conceptualized and undertaken in comprehensive, intentional, informed by, and planned in ways that align with best practices in the literature and integrated into the scholarly enterprise. We assert that public-facing work is critical to the relevance and impact of linguistics and higher education. Most importantly, public-facing work that makes insights from research relevant to the public can help advance the broader goal of education for social impact and the public good.