bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the killing effects between nitrogen-doped and pure TiO2 on HeLa cells with visible light irradiation
Authors: Li Zheng , Pan Xiaobo , Wang Tianlong , Wang Pei-Nan , Chen Ji-Yao , Mi Lan 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The killing effect of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) nanoparticles on human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells by visible light photodynamic therapy (PDT) was higher than that of TiO2 nanoparticles. To study the mechanism of the killing effect, the reactive oxygen species produced by the visible-light-activated N-TiO2 and pure-TiO2 were evaluated and compared. The changes of the cellular parameters, such as the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular Ca2+, and nitrogen monoxide (NO) concentrations after PDT were measured and compared for N-TiO2- and TiO2-treated HeLa cells. The N-TiO2 resulted in more loss of MMP and higher increase of Ca2+ and NO in HeLa cells than pure TiO2. The cell morphology changes with time were also examined by a confocal microscope. The cells incubated with N-TiO2 exhibited serious distortion and membrane breakage at 60 min after the PDT.
Blue light emission from the heterostructured ZnO/InGaN/GaN
Authors: Wang Ti , Wu Hao , Wang Zheng , Chen Chao , Liu Chang 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
ZnO/InGaN/GaN heterostructured light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy and atomic layer deposition. InGaN films consisted of an Mg-doped InGaN layer, an undoped InGaN layer, and a Si-doped InGaN layer. Current-voltage characteristic of the heterojunction indicated a diode-like rectification behavior. The electroluminescence spectra under forward biases presented a blue emission accompanied by a broad peak centered at 600 nm. With appropriate emission intensity ratio, the heterostructured LEDs had potential application in white LEDs. Moreover, a UV emission and an emission peak centered at 560 nm were observed under reverse bias.
Computer-assisted therapy for medication-resistant auditory hallucinations: proof-of-concept study
Authors: Leff Julian , Williams Geoffrey , Huckvale Mark A. , Arbuthnot Maurice , Leff Alex P. 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundOne in four patients with schizophrenia responds poorly to antipsychotic medication, continuing to hear persecutory auditory hallucinations. Patients who are able to sustain a dialogue with their persecutor feel much more in control.AimsTo develop a computerised system that enables the patient to create an avatar of their persecutor. To encourage them to engage in a dialogue with the avatar, which the therapist is able to control so that the avatar progressively yields control to the patient.MethodAvatar therapy was evaluated by a randomised, single blind, partial crossover trial comparing the novel therapy with treatment as usual (TAU). We used three main outcome measures: (a) the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale (PSYRATS), hallucinations section; (b) the Omnipotence and Malevolence subscales of the Revised Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire (BAVQ-R); and (c) the Calgary Depression Scale (CDS).ResultsThe control group showed no change over time in their scores on the three assessments, whereasthe novel therapy group showed mean reductions in the total PSYRATS score (auditory hallucinations) of 8.75 (P = 0.003) and in the BAVQ-R combined score of omnipotence and malevolence of the voices of 5.88 (P = 0.004). There was no significant reduction in the CDS total score for depression. For the crossover control group, comparison of the period of TAU withthe period ofavatar therapy confirmed the findings of the previous analysis. The effect size of the therapy was 0.8.ConclusionsAvatar therapy represents a promising treatment for medication-resistant auditory hallucinations. Replication with a larger sample is required before roll-out to clinical settings.
Maturation of polarization and luminance contrast sensitivities in cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis)
Authors: Cartron Lelia , Dickel Ludovic , Shashar Nadav , Darmaillacq Anne-Sophie 
Published: February 2013

SummaryPolarization sensitivity (PS) is a characteristic of the visual system of cephalopods. It has been well documented in adult cuttlefish which use PS in a large range of tasks such as communication, orientation and predation. Since cuttlefish do not benefit from parental care, their visual system and motion detection ability need to be efficient from hatching to enable them to detect prey or predators. We studied the maturation and functionality of polarization sensitivity in newly hatched cuttlefish. In a first experiment, we examined the response of juvenile cuttlefish from hatching to the age of one month, towards a moving, vertically-oriented grating (contrasting and polarized stripes) using an optomotor response apparatus. Cuttlefish showed differences in maturation of polarization vs. intensity contrast motion detection. In a second experiment, we examined the involvement of polarization information in prey preference and detection in cuttlefish of the same age. Cuttlefish chose preferentially not to attack transparent prey in which the polarization contrast has been removed with a depolarizing filter. Performances of prey detection based on intensity contrast improved with age. Polarization contrast can help cuttlefish detect transparent prey. Our results suggest that polarization is not a simple modulation of intensity information, but rather that it is processed as a distinct channel of visual information. Both intensity and polarization sensitivity are functional, though not fully matured, in newly hatched cuttlefish and seem to help in prey detection.
Sum formula of multiple Hurwitz-zeta values
Authors: Zhao Jianqiang 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Let

s
1

,
⋯
,

s
d

$s_1,\dots ,s_d$

be d positive integers and define the multiple t-values
of depth d by

t

(

s
1

,
⋯
,

s
d

)

=

∑

n
1

>
⋯
>

n
d

≥
1

1

(
2

n
1

-
1
)

s
1

⋯

(
2

n
d

-
1
)

s
d

,

$
t(s_1,\dots ,s_d)=\sum _{n_1&gt;\cdots &gt;n_d\ge 1}
\frac{1}{(2n_1-1)^{s_1}\cdots (2n_d-1)^{s_d}},
$

which is equal to the multiple Hurwitz-zeta value

2

-
w

ζ

(

s
1

,
⋯
,

s
d

;
-

1
2

,
⋯
,
-

1
2

)

$2^{-w}\zeta (s_1,\dots ,s_d;-\frac{1}{2},\dots ,-\frac{1}{2})$

where

w
=

s
1

+
⋯
+

s
d

$w=s_1+\cdots +s_d$

is called the weight.
For

d
≤
n

$d\le n$

, let

T
(
2
n
,
d
)

$T(2n,d)$

be the sum of all multiple t-values
with even arguments whose weight is

2
n

$2n$

and whose
depth is d. In 2011, Shen and Cai gave formulas for

T
(
2
n
,
d
)

$T(2n,d)$

for

d
≤
5

$d\le 5$

in terms of

t
(
2
n
)

$t(2n)$

,

t
(
2
)
t
(
2
n
-
2
)

$t(2)t(2n-2)$

and

t
(
4
)
t
(
2
n
-
4
)

$t(4)t(2n-4)$

. In this short note we generalize their results to
arbitrary depth by using the theory of symmetric functions
established by Hoffman (2012).
Glucocerebrosidase, a new player changing the old rules in Lewy body diseases
Authors: Yang Na-Young , Lee Yu-Na , Lee He-Jin , Kim Yoon Suk , Lee Seung-Jae 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) cause Gaucher disease (GD), a lysosomal storage disease with recessive inheritance. Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) is a lysosomal lipid hydrolase that digests glycolipid substrates, such as glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine. GBA1 mutations have been implicated in Lewy body diseases (LBDs), such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Parkinsonism occurs more frequently in certain types of GD, and GBA1 mutation carriers are more likely to have LBDs than non-carriers. Furthermore, GCase is often found in Lewy bodies, which are composed of α-synuclein fibrils as well as a variety of proteins and vesicles. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms of action of GBA1 mutations in LBDs with particular emphasis on α-synuclein aggregation by reviewing the current literature on the role of GCase in lysosomal functions and glycolipid metabolism.
Biochemical characterization of an S-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent methyltransferase (Rv0469) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Meena Laxman S. , Chopra Puneet , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Singh Yogendra 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Tuberculostearic acid (l0-methylstearic acid, TSA) is a major constituent of mycobacterial membrane phospholipids, and its biosynthesis involves the direct methylation of oleic acid esterified as a component of phospholipids. The methyltransferases of mycobacteria were long proposed to be involved in the synthesis of methyl-branched short-chain fatty acids, but direct experimental evidence is still lacking. In this study, we identified the methyltransferase encoded by umaA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv as a novel S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase capable of catalyzing the conversion of olefinic double bond of phospholipid-linked oleic acid to biologically essential TSA. Therefore, UmaA, catalyzing such modifications, offer a viable target for chemotherapeutic intervention.
Konsistenzprüfung im frühen mechatronischen Entwurf
Authors: Rauscher Michael , Göhner Peter 
Published: February 2013

Zusammenfassung
Die Entwicklung mechatronischer Systeme ist eine multidisziplinäre Aufgabe, bei der in der frühen Entwurfsphase versucht wird, mit Modellen eine gemeinsame Vorstellung des späteren Systems zu erlangen. Der Beitrag zeigt, wie die hierfür verwendeten Modelle abstrahiert und verallgemeinert werden können, wodurch eine automatisierte Konsistenzprüfung ermöglicht wird. Zudem wird aufgezeigt, wie Regeln zur Konsistenzprüfung dieser Modelle aufgebaut sein müssen.
Lépvéna-aneurysma operált esete
Authors: Dzsinich Csaba , Fazekas Péter , Barta László , Nyiri Gabriella , Vallus Gábor , Tóth Lajos , Beke Gábor , Berek Péter 
Published: February 2013

Absztrakt
Szerzők egy rendkívül ritkán észlelt, a vena lienalison kialakult aneurysmáról számolnak be. A 34 éves nőbeteg felső hasi panaszok miatt került kivizsgálásra, amelyek hátterében CT-angiographia a vena lienalis aneurysmáját igazolta. A fusiformis, rendkívül vékony falú, 40 mm maximális átmérőjű saccularis tágulat a pancreas hátsó falán képezett benyomatot. A műtét során a v. lienalis és a lép megtartásával tangentialis resectiót végeztek. A beteg eseménytelenül gyógyult, és az 5. posztoperatív napon panaszmentesen távozott. 3 hónappal a műtét után panaszmentesen normál máj és pancreas laboratóriumi paraméterekkel került ellenőrző vizsgálatra.
One-Year Effect of a Nurse-Led Psychosocial Intervention on Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Meulen Ingeborg C. , May Anne M. , Ros Wynand J.G. , Oosterom Miriam , Hordijk Gert-Jan , Koole Ron , Leeuw J. Rob J. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background.
Many patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) experience depressive symptoms after treatment. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a psychosocial nurse counseling and after intervention (NUCAI) versus usual care on the depressive and HNC-related physical symptoms of patients with HNC at 1 year after diagnosis.

Methods.
A total of 205 patients with HNC were randomly assigned to either intervention (n = 103) or usual care (n = 102), with stratification for gender and tumor stage. The NUCAI, which consisted of six bimonthly 45-minute counseling sessions, was a problem-focused intervention aimed at helping patients to manage the physical, psychological, and social consequences of HNC and its treatment. It was nurse-led and offered in combination with regular medical follow-up visits at the University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. Depressive symptoms at 1 year after diagnosis were the primary outcome. Analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis for the total sample and for a predefined subgroup of patients with raised levels of depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression score ≥12; n = 91) at baseline using mixed-effect models.

Results.
One year after HNC treatment, levels of depressive symptoms were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group in the total sample and in the subgroup of patients with raised levels of depressive symptoms.

Conclusion.
The NUCAI was feasible and effective in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with HNC 1 year after HNC treatment, and especially in patients with raised levels of depressive symptoms. The results of this study need to be confirmed in future studies before the NUCAI can be used in daily clinical practice.
Teaching Experimental Chemistry in English Schools / Nauczanie Chemii Doświadczalnej W Angielskich Szkołach
Authors: Szydło Zbigniew A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
An historical background to the teaching of chemistry is presented, together with examples of great teachers from the past. Some aspects of the modern English school chemistry syllabus are discussed, both from the point of view of its theoretical content and its aim in helping children to develop practical skills. Chemistry Clubs, Open days and popular science lectures are also mentioned as a means of stimulating interest in chemistry as taught in schools.
Brain and whole-body FDG-PET in diagnosis, treatment monitoring and long-term follow-up of primary CNS lymphoma
Authors: Maza Sofiane , Buchert Ralph , Brenner Winfried , Munz Dieter Ludwig , Thiel Eckhard , Korfel Agnieszka , Kiewe Philipp 
Published: February 2013

Background. Positron emission tomography (PET) with F-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) provides remarkable accuracy in detection, treatment monitoring and follow-up of systemic malignant lymphoma. Its value in the management of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is less clear.
Patients and methods. In a prospective trial, 42 FDG-PET examinations were performed in ten immunocompetent patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent PCNSL before and repeatedly during and after the treatment. Brain and whole body FDG-PET were compared to brain MRI and extra-cerebral CT, respectively.
Results. Before the treatment, 6 of 10 patients had congruent findings on FDG-PET and MRI of the brain. Three patients had lesions on brain MRI, not detected by FDG-PET. One patient had additional FDG-PET positive lesions inconspicuous in MRI. The follow-up suggested FDG-PET to be false positive in these lesions. After the treatment, brain PET was in agreement with MRI in 6 of 8 patients. In the remaining 2 patients there were persistent lesions in brain MRI whereas FDG-uptake was reduced to normal values. In the long-term follow-up of 5 patients (63-169 weeks), 3 patients retained normal in both PET and MRI. In 2 patients a new focal pathologic FDG-uptake was detected 69 and 52 weeks after the end of the treatment. In one of these patients, recurrence was confirmed by MRI not until 9 weeks after PET.
Conclusions. Brain FDG-PET may contribute valuable information for the management of PCNSL, particularly in the assessment of the treatment response. Integration of FDG-PET into prospective interventional trials is warranted to investigate prognostic and therapeutic implications.
The Charophytes of Israel: historical and contemporary species richness, distribution, and ecology
Authors: Romanov Roman E. , Barinova Sophia S. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The historical and contemporary species richness, distribution, and ecology of Israel charophytes are described. The first charophyte collection in this region was made in the 19th century. Almost all reported localities were found earlier than 1970; some of them were not described. At the end of the 20th century, only two localities of two species were reported. According to the literature, 13 species, including two undetermined species of Chara, and nearly 23 exact localities are known from Northern and Central Israel. We found seven species and one variety of charophytes in 23 new localities in eight river drainage basins from six ecological regions of Israel during the period extending from 2001-2011. One genus n Tolypella, and two species n Chara intermedia and Tolypella glomerata, were found for the first time in Israel. There are 15 species and four genera of charophytes known from the studied territory based on published and original data. The common habitats of charophytes in Israel are river channels, pools, and, especially, artificial water bodies. The Chara vulgaris var. longibracteata, C. gymnophylla and C. contraria are the most frequently encountered species. The species ecology is briefly characterized by selected environmental variables. It may be that charophytes are rather rare plants in Israel and that their distribution in space and time is strongly variable due to the absence of large water bodies in this region, great variability of natural environmental conditions and severe continuous transformations of the environment by human activity for millennia.
Influence of electric vehicle charging rates on transformer derating in harmonic-rich battery charger applications
Authors: Jouybari-Moghaddam Hessamoddin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A study on plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging load and its impacts on distribution transformers loss-of-life, is presented in this paper. The assessment is based on residential PEV battery charging. As the exact forecasting of the charging load is not possible, the method for predicting the electric vehicle (EV) charging load is stochastically formulated. With the help of the stochastic model, the effect of fixed, time of use, and real-time charging rates on the charging load and the resultant impact on transformer derating is investigated. A 38-bus test system is adopted as the test system including industrial harmonic sources. Test results demonstrate that uncontrolled EV charging might causes a noticeable change in the K-factor of the transformer, emerging the need for derating, while applying real-time rates for battery charging loads conquers this problem even in case of harmonic-rich chargers.
Estimation of parameters of selected converter drives
Authors: Beniak Ryszard 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The paper presents a method for estimation of converter drive parameters. This estimation encompassed three types of drives, i.e. a static Scherbius drive, a drive with a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor and a drive with a voltage inverter. For drive modelling and parameter estimation, the author implemented original programmes written in FORTRAN. As well as these, the paper describes an objective function applied for the estimation. The author also compares gradient and gradientless methods, which are applied for minimization of the objective function. Finally, the author explains the estimation results for example drives, focusing on the coincidence of theoretical and empirical waveforms. The abovementioned procedure led to the general rule, which facilitates estimation efficiency.
Analysis of permanent magnet linear motor parameters taking its heating into account
Authors: Waindok Andrzej 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The calculation results of the static field parameters for permanent magnet linear synchronous motor have been presented in this work. The influence of the construction temperature on the parameters has been analyzed mathematically. Models for magnetic and temperature fields determination have been formulated. Two kinds of permanent magnets (NdFeB and SmCo) have been considered. The distribution of the thermal field has been obtained using the finite element method (FEM).
Specification of forces in rotational separator
Authors: Gronowska Marlena A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Today, intensive urban development calls for new technologies in the field of environmental engineering. Extensive infrastructure requires more roads and motorways, as well as larger areas covered with concrete, which altogether leads to greater volumes ofwater creating surface run-off. Rotational separators, besides lamella and coalescence units, may provide a highly efficient method for treatment of storm water running off roads and motorways. This paper is focused on two important aspects of the operation of rotational separators: forces acting on a particle in liquid flow, and pressure distribution in the chamber. The resulting relations constitute crucial elements in the future method of designing such devices.
Bacterial Contamination of Calf Carcasses During Production Cycle
Authors: Paszkiewicz Waldemar , Pyz-Łukasik Renata 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The objective of the presented study was to determine microbial contamination of calf muscle tissues in relation to slaughtering process of calves during a slaughter day. In order to determine the total aerobic bacteria count, and the presence of bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family and enterococci, 32 carcasses were examined (eight each slaughter day), while 40 carcasses (10 each slaughter day) were examined for the detection of Salmonella organisms. Microbiological evaluation of each bacterial group was performed according to the Polish Norms. In most cases, no significant differences were reported between the total aerobic counts on calf carcass surfaces as determined at each slaughter cycle. The daily log mean values were lower by 1 up to 1.5 log, respectively, than the maximal bacteria count (M). Bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family were isolated from 59.4% of the evaluated samples. However, contamination with these bacteria was insignificant - 1.7 x 10 cfu/cm2. Enterococci were isolated from all investigated samples and contamination ranged from 1.1 x 10 cfu/cm2 up to 4.1 x 102 cfu/cm2. Salmonella strains were not found in any of the evaluated samples. The order of the slaughtering calves during a slaughter day and the day of the week when the examination was performed did not have any influence on total microbial contamination of carcasses. Thus, sanitary conditions in the examined abattoir were satisfactory and slaughter process was conducted at a high quality level
Immunolocalisation of α and β Oestrogen Receptors in Basolateral Amygdala of Rabbit Males
Authors: Lonc Grzegorz 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Expression of α (ER-α) and β (ER-ß) oestrogen receptors in neurons of basolateral complex of the amygdala was studied in rabbit males. The examinations were carried out on brains of 12 sexually mature rabbit males weighing 3-4 kg. An immunohistochemical method (IHC) with primary Er-α antibodies, NCL-L6F11 and Er-ß: NCL-ERbeta clone EMR02 was applied. The percentage of immunoreactive neurons was determined. Morphometric and statistical analysis of immunoreactive (ER+) neurons was carried out including the localisation of IHC reaction within the examined neurons. The main place of IHC-ER-α reaction was the cytoplasm of nervous cells, whereas in the examination of IHC-ER-β, the reaction was observed mainly within cell nucleus. The nuclei of basolateral complex are a region of relatively high percentage of ER-β+ neurons and lower percentage of ER-α+ neurons in comparison with other nuclei of the amygdala. Basolateral nucleus was characterised by a higher percentage of ER- β+ neurons in which the reaction was observed in the cytoplasm.