bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactive actuation of multiple opto-thermocapillary flow-addressed bubble microrobots
Authors: Hu Wenqi , Fan Qihui , Ohta Aaron T 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Opto-thermocapillary flow-addressed bubble (OFB) microrobots are a potential tool for the efficient transportation of micro-objects. This microrobot system uses light patterns to generate thermal gradients within a liquid medium, creating thermocapillary forces that actuate the bubble microrobots. An interactive control system that includes scanning mirrors and a touchscreen interface was developed to address up to ten OFB microrobots. Using this system, the parallel and cooperative transportation of 20-μm-diameter polystyrene beads was demonstrated.
Health Care Prioritization: A Clinician's Duty
Authors: Barnieh Lianne , Donaldson Cam , Manns Braden 
Published: October 2014

Purpose of review: Publicly funded health care systems are increasingly confronted with fiscal and demographic challenges and face pressure to constrain resource use without impacting clinical outcomes. Findings: Clinicians routinely make decisions in the care of their patients that use finite health care resources. Aligning the goal of caring for their patients with ensuring that effective interventions are available for patients who are most likely to benefit is critical to sustaining the publicly funded health care system. Implications: Balancing the needs of patients with health care prioritization will require changes to be made across the health care system. Incorporating costs and value for money when caring for patients and making decisions will play an important role in efficiency and value in the health system.
EFFECT OF RAPID COOLING FROM THE SEMISOLID OR LIQUID RANGE ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF M2 TOOL STEEL
Authors: Dutkiewicz Jan , Maziarz Wojciech , Rogal Łukasz 
Published: October 2014

M2 tool steel was used as a feedstock material for casting from the the semisolid range between 1310-1350oC corresponding to 25 - 50 % of the liquid phase. The chemical composition of the investigated steel is following: 0.85%C, 3.9 %Cr, 6.7 %W, 4.7 %Mo and 1.7 % V. A specially constructed machine allowed thixoforming in a protective argon atmosphere and semisolid forming at a high piston velocity powered by a high air pressure. After heating of the feedstock using induction heating by the stamping of semi-liquid sample to a graphite mould pre-heated by resistance heating. The material after thixoforming from 1315oC shows a globular microstructure with a relatively small globule’s size between 30-50 μm. The crystal structure of globules contained, austenite and martensite, while that of the eutectic, ferrite and W2C, Fe3C, Mo2C, M23C6 and VC carbides as determined by X-ray studies and confirmed using electron diffraction studies. The alloying elements like Mo, W and V are concentrated in the eutectic, while Cr only in thixoformed samples segregates to the carbides and indeed M23C6 was identified. The hardness significantly increases up to 780 HV after thixo-forming due to formation of martensite. The other part was cast from the liquid phase at 1450o C using melt spinning method allowing high cooling rate. The microstructure of melt spun ribbon shows a cellular microstructure of austenitic and martensitic structure without the eutectic. The WC and M23C6 carbides were located at the cell’s boundariers. The microhardness near 1300 HV of the ribbon was much higher than that of semisolid formed samples.
HIGH TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Al-Al4C3 COMPOSITE PRODUCED BY MECHANICAL ALLOYING
Authors: Besterci Michal , Dobeš Ferdinand , Kvačkaj Tibor , Sülleiová Katarína , Ballóková Beata , Velgosová Oksana 
Published: October 2014

A method of mechanical alloying process is described. It was proved that the transformation efficiency of carbon to Al4C3 by heat treatment of aluminium with the porous furnace black and electrographite at temperatures 723 – 873 K and time periods 1 - 10 hours is higher than that of the hard cracked graphite. The size of Al4C3 dispersed phase was measured on thin foil and it was constant and as small as 30 nm. Subgrain size measured in the range of 100 grains in thin foils depended on the carbon type.. It ranged from 0.3 to 0.7 μm. Mechanical properties were analyzed in a microstructural matrix (after extrusion) as well as in nano-matrix The temperature dependence of ductility, and reduction of area in the temperature range of 623 – 723 K and strain rate of 10-1 s-1, indicated a considerable increase of properties. In a case when the volume fraction of Al4C3 changes from lower to higher, the grain rotation mechanism dominates instead of the grain boundary sliding. Creep parameters for Al-Al4C3 systems and commercial IN9021 and IN9052 systems were compared. The dependence of the minimum deflection rate on the applied force as well as the dependence of the time to fracture on the applied force for two temperature levels (623 and 723 K) by small punch testing is depicted. The anisotropy of the creep properties and fracture using small punch tests for the Al-Al4C3 system produced by ECAP were analyzed.
FORMALIZATION OF THE VIRTUAL EVALUATION OF STRAIN INTENSITY IN SPDed COMMERCIALLY PURE COPPER BILLET
Authors: Huan Song-Jeng , Semenov Vladimir Ivanovich , Fakhretdinova Elvira Ildarovna , Raab Arseniy Georgievich 
Published: October 2014

This work presented the results of solution of the strain intensity evolution in a commercially pure copper billet in the process of severe plastic deformation (SPD) by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) technique. At the stage of the modeling task preparation, the most significant factors affecting the strain intensity at ECAP are suggested to be the friction coefficient, as well as the deformation velocity. A computer virtual full factorial experiment (FFE) was conducted accompanied with the application program package “DEFORM-3D” by using two-level model with two unknown varied parameters, followed by the formalization of the results in the form of the regression equation, as well as the optimization of the selected factors. The deformation velocity which coincides with the punch displacement velocity and the friction factor were chosen as independent variables in the ECAP process of characterizing the processing and its effectiveness, which are in terms of strain intensity; whereas the strain intensity of the material was selected as a response variable (dependent variable). Based on the results of the friction coefficient (f.) determination and the strain intensity estimated value of 1.155, a friction coefficient priori was determined to be 0.10. Therefore, the deformation velocity (V) of 1.5 mm/s was obtained by solving the regression equation.
INNOVATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE INVESTMENT CASTING OF PRECIOUS ALLOYS
Authors: Grande Marco Actis , Forno Ilaria 
Published: October 2014

Various techniques and technologies have been developed and fine-tuned in recent years which have made it possible to improve the investment casting process and extend its field of applicability such as, for example, the application of rapid prototyping, rapid manufacturing, casting simulation and “non-traditional” materials. In the past decades, companies working in the precious metals sector could keep in their collection the same products for a long period, eventually applying minor modifications. Nowadays innovation is considered one of the key point for the success of the production, coupled to an increased attention towards quality and reliability of the product. The present paper deals with an analysis of some of the innovations introduced into the investment casting of precious metals in the recent years, in terms of process analysis, new materials involved for the fabrication and metal alloys.
O przekładzie komiksu, czyli uwagi teoretyczno‑praktyczne o tłumaczeniu graficznym
Authors: Jankowski Jakub 
Published: October 2014

About the Translation of Comic Books or theoretical and practical remarks about graphic translation
Comics is a peculiar kind of text and therefore its peculiarity and otherness implies the formulation of theoretical translation determinants. Comics use their language to tell a story and at the same time they become a language. As a peculiar visual language, it forces the translator to deconstruct the units in order to translate given comics due to the graphic meanings of units, the sequence logic of the tale and word/image tension as well as other mutual tensions between components. This article formulates determinants of graphic translation theory on the example of comics and certain practical employment of those rules.
Eleganty, czyli Précieuses ridicules Moliera dla sceny Sturm und Drang Periode
Authors: Marczuk Barbara 
Published: October 2014

Eleganty or Précieuses ridicules by Molière for the theatre of Sturm und Drang Periode
The paper discusses the anonymous Polish translation of Précieuses ridicules by Molière. The translation, sixth in the chronological order, dates from the beginning of the 19th century. The analysis of the text in question demonstrates the complete substitution of the French cultural indicators of the Louis XIV era by the German ones, reflecting the literary debates of the Sturm und Drang Periode. The article highlights also the adaptations for the new theatre stage that the original text underwent: the sketch of characters was further developed and the rapid plot twists were introduced. The analysis permits to discover the intermediary between the French original and the Polish translation: the adaptation produced by J.H.D. Zschokke (1771‑1848), entitled Die Eleganten. A hypothesis is put forward that the Polish version might have been developed in the milieu of Wojciech Bogusławski.
Validation of a Proposed Novel Equation for Estimating LDL Cholesterol
Authors: Meeusen Jeffrey W , Lueke Alan J , Jaffe Allan S , Saenger Amy K 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Aggressive LDL cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering strategies are recommended for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. A newly derived equation for LDL-C estimation was recently published that addressed limitations in the commonly used Friedewald LDL-C calculation method. The novel method was reported to classify patients with superior concordance to measured LDL-C compared to the Friedewald method, particularly in patients with LDL-C &lt;70 mg/dL.

METHODS
We evaluated the performance of the novel method within an independent cohort of 23 055 patients with LDL-C measured by the gold standard β-quantification reference method.

RESULTS
Overall Friedewald underestimated and the novel method overestimated measured LDL-C. Both estimations significantly deviated from the reference method when LDL-C was &lt;70 mg/dL. Overall, the Friedewald and novel calculations correctly classified 77% and 78% of patients, respectively. The largest discrepancy in classification was observed in individuals with measured LDL-C &lt;70 mg/dL. For this group the novel calculation would reclassify 8.7% of patients as &gt;70 mg/dL compared to the Friedewald equation.

CONCLUSIONS
We compared both novel and Friedewald estimated LDL-C against the LDL-C reference method; in contrast, the prior study relied on validation of a subset of samples by β-quantification to allow the use of the vertical autoprofile method for LDL-C measurement. We conclude that the novel method has some benefits but it is unclear whether improvements over the Friedewald calculation are substantive enough to justify making the change in routine clinical practice and to improve patient outcomes.
Feasibility of Low-Throughput Next Generation Sequencing for Germline DNA Screening
Authors: Sapari Nur Sabrina , Elahi Eiram , Wu Mengchu , Loh Marie , Ng Hong Kiat , Han Xiao , Yap Hui Ling , Klemm Thomas P , Pang Brendan , Benoukraf Touati , Teo Yik Ying , Iacopetta Barry , Lee Soo Chin , Soong Richie 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Next generation sequencing (NGS) promises many benefits for clinical diagnostics. However, current barriers to its adoption include suboptimal amenability for low clinical throughputs and uncertainty over data accuracy and analytical procedures. We assessed the feasibility and performance of low-throughput NGS for detecting germline mutations for Lynch syndrome (LS).

METHODS
Sequencing depth, time, and cost of 6 formats on the MiSeq and Personal Genome Machine platforms at 1–12 samples/run were calculated. Analytical performance was assessed from 3 runs of 3 DNA samples annotated for 7500 nucleotides by BeadChip arrays. The clinical performance of low-throughput NGS and 9 analytical processes were assessed through blinded analysis of DNA samples from 12 LS cases confirmed by Sanger sequencing, and 3 control cases.

RESULTS
The feasibility analysis revealed different formats were optimal at different throughputs. Detection was reproducible for 2619/2635 (99.39%) replicate variants, and sensitivity and specificity to array annotation were 99.42% and 99.99% respectively. Eleven of 16 inconsistently detected variants could be specifically identified by having allele frequencies ≤0.15, strand biases &gt;−35, or genotype quality scores ≤80. Positive selection for variants in the Human Genome Mutation Database (colorectal cancer, nonpolyposis) and variants with ≤5% frequency in the Asian population gave the best clinical performance (92% sensitivity, 67% specificity).

CONCLUSIONS
Low-throughput NGS can be a cost-efficient and reliable approach for screening germline variants; however, its clinical utility is subject to the quality of annotation of clinically relevant variants.
Jenseits von Ethik. Zur Kritik der neuroethischen Enhancement-Debatte
Authors: Hoyer Armin , Slaby Jan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In recent years, the theme of neuroenhancement has led to many heated discussions and to a surprising range of academic endeavours dealing with the topic. Most notably, the emerging field of neuroethics has become a prominent, almost monopolistic arena for this debate. In our paper, we provide an overview of issues relevant to the theme of enhancement, starting from a precise conceptualisation of the relevant range of phenomena and practices, including some informed estimates as to the prevalence and efficacy of neuroenhancement. We then sketch an alternative critical perspective that, in our view, is better suited than the narrow perspective of neuroethics to deal with the many relevant societal developments and normative orientations that inform both the alleged enhancement “trend” and the public debates surrounding it. We support our case for what we call a critical philosophy of neuroscience by discussing recent forms of venture science that have emerged in line with the commercialising of academic research and with the commodification of life and health. Furthermore, we point to a trend towards blind acceleration in various spheres of contemporary life, and discuss its ramifications for the theme of enhancement. Countering the perspective of applied ethics, we finally call for a more explicitly political positioning on the part of those that deal with these themes.
Genesis und Geltung zusammen denken. Hans Joas, interviewt von Malte Dreyer und Walter Zitterbarth
Authors: Joas Hans , Dreyer Malte , Zitterbarth Walter 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The following interview takes up and discusses central questions of Hans Joas’ theory of human rights. Joas explains how the genealogy of human rights relates to their validity and distinguishes his approach from others by stressing the emotive quality of values. He addresses the critique leveled at him of rooting human rights in religion and elaborates on what he terms the “sacredness of the person”. In doing so, he demonstrates that his version of universalism is rooted in the pragmatist understanding of human action which stresses the importance of experience, argument and narrative for the emergencies of values.
Photonic Crystal Cavity with L3-Defect for Resonant Optical Filtering
Authors: Zavvari Mahdi , Mehdizadeh Farhad 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA novel design of optical filter based on photonic crystal structure is proposed in this paper. For designing the proposed filter we introduce an L3 resonant cavity between the input and output waveguides. We study the impact of different parameters on the filtering behavior of the structure using plane wave expansion and finite difference time domain methods. The initial form of this filter is capable of selecting the optical waves at λ = 1557.8 nm and the transmission efficiency of the filter is obtained about 84%. The total footprint of the filter is less than 205 μm
Prosthetic rehabilitation in partially edentulous elders – A case report
Authors: Picos Alina Monica , Donca Valer , Picos Andrei 
Published: October 2014

Complex treatment involving removable articulated to fixed prostheses is indicated in extended edentulous areas, which represent clinical conditions more frequently encountered in elderly patients. A number of aspects must be considered in elderly patients before starting the therapy: physical and mental condition, self-care capacity , time and cost of treatment, predictability. In institutionalized elders, suffering of systemic diseases, the therapy of choice should be the least invasive and able to restore function at an acceptable level. Active healthy elders can be beneficiaries of complex prosthetic treatments involving many long sessions and difficult treatments.We present a case of a 74 year-old male with extended maxillary edentulous areas, in whom a complex prosthetic treatment was performed.
Effect of Stochastics of Dimensional Parameters of Hauling Laminated Bushless Chain Elements of Improved Structure on Their Bearing Strength
Authors: Kryvyi Petro , Lyashuk Oleg , Kryvins‘kyi Petro , Korenko Maroš 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The distribution densities of dimensional parameters of a hauling laminated bushless chain of improved structure were investigated in this paper. The authors suggest calculating the non-uniform load of internal and external links plates by probability coefcient Km
, for which the minimum, the most probable and the maximum values were determined. The formula for Km
determination depending on plate size variety due to a gap random value Δ and plate elastic deformation value under permitted payload was obtained. The efect of stochastics of dimensional parameters of hauling laminated bushless chain elements on their bearing strength is proved.
Calculation of Failure Probability of Constantly Loaded Cantilever Beam by Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Páleš Dušan , Balková Milada , Karandušovská Ingrid 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate a probabilistic approach to the design of structures on a cantilever beam with constant load. Individual variables in the mathematical model are not represented deterministically by their specifc values but randomly by probability distributions. Normal distribution is used for all random variables. The resulting probability of failure is calculated using a simple Monte Carlo method, for which a brief overview is also provided in this article. Such a probabilistic proposal is the subject matter of newly emerging feld Reliability of Structures.
Assessing the Technical Condition of Inspected Vehicles in Reporting Period
Authors: Angelovič Michal , Szabó Mário , Majdan Radoslav , Polonec Tomáš 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Vehicle emissions inspection represents a fast, relatively efective in terms of time and cost, and mainly comprehensive estimation of vehicle emissions. Procedurally, emissions inspection includes those inspection operations that focus not only on analysing exhaust gases but also on detecting the functionality and tightness of other engine components directly afecting the ecological friendliness of inspected vehicle‘s engine. Our study describes the results of vehicles inspected at an emissions inspection station for the reporting period. Based on the analysis of information obtained from the National Transport Authority of the Slovak Republic concerning the evaluation of vehicles according to individual categories, it can be alleged that the technical condition of vehicles of M1 and N1 categories is gradually improving.
Le poids économique direct de la culture en 2013
Authors: Jauneau Yves , Niel Xavier 
Published: October 2014

En 2013, le poids économique direct de la culture, c’est-à-dire la valeur ajoutée de l’ensemble des branches culturelles est de 44 milliards d’euros. Il ne prend pas en compte les retombées économiques indirectes ou induites par la culture comme le tourisme, par exemple. Cela correspond à une part de la culture dans l’ensemble de l’économie de 2,3 %, en légère baisse par rapport à 2012. Contribue à cette baisse relative en 2013 le recul du volume de l’activité dans les branches fortement exposées à la concurrence (architecture, agences de publicité, audiovisuel) ainsi que dans les branches de la presse et du livre. Inversement, la part des branches à forte composante non marchande augmente (spectacle vivant, patrimoine), surtout du fait de la hausse de leurs prix. Parmi les branches les plus touchées par la crise en 2013, les branches de l’audiovisuel et les agences de publicité connaissent un retour à la croissance de leur chiffre d’affaires début 2014, contrairement à celles de l’architecture ou des activités photographiques. Par ailleurs, le retournement à la hausse des prix à la production des entreprises d’édition de livres et de revues se confirme.
Soins palliatifs, misère, ignorance : un témoignage
Authors: Pfister Jacques-Antoine 
Published: October 2014

Soins palliatifs, misère, ignorance : un témoignage – Les buts des soins palliatifs sont bien connus mais leur mise en pratique reste hélas utopique dans de nombreux pays du monde. Dans la pratique il apparaît que l’intérêt prioritaire se porte sur les aspects techniques au détriment des besoins cliniques et thérapeutiques. Rien n’est par ailleurs prévu en pour des affections non oncologiques. L’ampleur du défi semble faire oublier aux décideurs que des hommes, des femmes et des enfants finissent par mourir dans leurs souffrances physiques, dans les souffrances morales que la culture ne permet pas d’exprimer, dans un abandon progressif de la part des proches dont la loyauté est élimée par l’impuissance à aider.
La parole fondement d'une démarche éthique ?
Authors: Louvel Jean-Philippe , Jousselin Charles 
Published: October 2014

La parole fondement d’une démarche éthique ? – Chacun existe au travers de sa propre parole. Lorsque celle des professionnels prenant en charge un patient en sons palliatifs est partagée et respectée elle permettra de faire exister la parole du malade et de ses proches. La vigilance vis-à-vis du respect de la parole de chacun permet de fonder une démarche éthique et d’éviter des dérives, toujours possibles.
Passer de l'élite économique à l'élite politique grâce à l'action diplomatique
Authors: Félicité Indravati 
Published: October 2014

Si le personnage du « juif de cour » et son importance pour le développement de l’administration des principautés allemandes au XVIII e siècle a fait l’objet de nombreuses études, on connaît moins, en revanche, le rôle joué par les Juifs séfarades dans la diplomatie des États de l’Empire. Parmi eux, une communauté se distingue : celle des Juifs « portugais » venus s’installer au début du XVII e siècle dans la ville de Hambourg. Les Judéoportugais devinrent les représentants diplomatiques des rois de Suède, de Danemark, de Pologne, et servirent occasionnellement la France. L’article étudie à travers le parcours deux membres de la communauté judéoportugaise de Hambourg, Jacob Abensur et Diego Teixeira, les possibilités d’accession à l’élite urbaine que leur offrait le service diplomatique ainsi que les résistances que cette ascension a pu susciter, dans le contexte d’une crise d’identité et d’une crise sociale des élites et du gouvernement de la ville hanséatique au tournant du XVIII e siècle.