bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A kinetic study on drinking water denitrification
using a membrane bioreactor
Authors: Petrovič Aleksandra , Goršek Andreja , Simonič Marjana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This study determines the basic parameters of
Monod kinetics for microbial growth within a membrane
bioreactor using the Zenon ZeeWeed 10 MBR system. The
influent nitrate concentration was kept at 70 ± 2 mg L-1
NO3
ˉ. During the experiments a constant concentration
of activated sludge was maintained at approximately
0.76 g L-1 under anoxic conditions. Sucrose was added to
the activated sludge as a carbon source. The Monod kinetic
parameters were calculated by numerical interpolation,
by considering experimental data. The maximum specific
growth rate of the biomass was determined to be 0.31 h-1,
half-saturation constant 5.4 mg L-1, and yield coefficient
0.35 mg biomass mg-1 COD. Afterwards, a dynamic
simulation was performed within the calculated
parameters. The dynamic concentration profiles for
substrate and biomass were determined at different
dilution rates within the range of 0.8 to 5 d-1.
Building bridges between Mathematics, Insurance and Finance
Authors: Durante Fabrizio , Puccetti Giovanni , Scherer Matthias 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Paul Embrechts is Professor of Mathematics at the ETH Zurich specializing in Actuarial
Mathematics and Quantitative Risk Management. Previous academic positions
include the Universities of Leuven, Limburg and London (Imperial College).
Dr. Embrechts has held visiting professorships at several universities, including
the Scuola Normale in Pisa (Cattedra Galileiana), the London School of
Economics (Centennial Professor of Finance), the University of Vienna, Paris 1
(Panthéon-Sorbonne), theNationalUniversity of Singapore, KyotoUniversity,was
Visiting Man Chair 2014 at the Oxford-Man Institute of Oxford University and has
an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Waterloo, Heriot-Watt University,
Edinburgh, and the Université Catholique de Louvain. He is an Elected Fellow
of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and the American Statistical Association,
Honorary Fellow of the Institute and the Faculty of Actuaries, Actuary-SAA,
Member Honoris Causa of the Belgian Institute of Actuaries and is on the editorial
board of numerous scientific journals.He belongs to various national and international
research and academic advisory committees. He co-authored the influential
books Modelling of Extremal Events for Insurance and Finance, Springer, 1997 [8]
andQuantitative RiskManagement: Concepts, Techniques and Tools, Princeton UP,
2005, 2015 [14] and published over 180 scientific papers. Dr. Embrechts consults
on issues in Quantitative Risk Management for financial institutions, insurance
companies and international regulatory authorities.
Equivalent or absolutely continuous probability measures with given marginals
Authors: Berti Patrizia , Pratelli Luca , Rigo Pietro , Spizzichino Fabio 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Let (X,A) and (Y,B) be measurable spaces. Supposewe are given a probability α on A, a probability
β on B and a probability μ on the product σ-field A ⊗ B. Is there a probability ν on A⊗B, with marginals α and
β, such that ν ≪ μ or ν ~ μ ? Such a ν, provided it exists, may be useful with regard to equivalent martingale
measures and mass transportation. Various conditions for the existence of ν are provided, distinguishing
ν ≪ μ from ν ~ μ.
Local communities' knowledge of lignite surface mining – sources and level of satisfaction: examples from central Poland
Authors: Badera Jarosław 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Developing of large-scale lignite excavation can often generate socio-environmental conflicts between mining-energy companies and various stakeholders, such as local communities or ecological organizations. In this context indication of potential channels of communication with local communities’ is needed to increase the level of their satisfaction with own knowledge and to optimize the social dialogue. The paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted in selected communities of the Łódź voivodeship where surface mining exists at present (Kleszczów) or will be developed soon (Złoczew). They were realized with the Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing on the representative groups of adults. The paper contains analysis of two selected closed-type questions: the first one concerned self-assessment of knowledge level of lignite mining, the second one - sources of information on mining activity. Previous media reports on mining activity in the examined areas were analysed, too. As it seems, various means of social communication should be used: television and radio are the major source of information for local communities, printing press and the Internet are important as well. A detailed set of communication channels and the content of individual messages should be carefully selected for specific target groups (depending on gender, age and education). It should be emphasized that a properly conducted public debate may prove to be one of the factors determining the success of mining-energy investments and sustainable development of some regions.
Socio-economic problems in a mining town during the economy restructuring period on the example of Ruda Śląska, Poland
Authors: Mazurek Kinga 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The 90s of the twientieth century carried a restructuring of the industry which involved the adaptation of enterprises to operate in a market economy, the workforce reduction and privatization of industrial facilities. Economic transformation has contributed to the socio-economic changes in industrial and mining towns. It affected the changes in the employment structure, changes in the number of population, migration decisions, the quality of medical care and municipal institutions support. Ruda Śląska is a typical mining town, history of which for nearly 200 years has been a consecutive period associated with the mining and heavy industries. This work is based on statistical data and approximates the effects of restructuring evident in Ruda Śląska. The presented characterization indicates that the situation prevailing in the city refers to the conditions of life in the most traditional mining regions of Central and Eastern Europe. Despite the significant reconstruction in the employment structure, Ruda Śląska retains partly its mining character. Population of the town is trying to cope with the need to adapt to new economic realities, among others, by changing the sector of economy to work in. Employment reductions have contributed to the increase of population migration. In conjunction with the natural loss it resulted in a decrease of the number of population and population aging. The support of the cities and sanitary facilities offered, among others, by social assistance centers and employment has great importance in overcoming the negative effects of the economic transformation.
Data sources on landscape structure in a highly industrialized area
Authors: Mazurek Kinga 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Landscape may be described as a part of space characterized by a certain physiognomy, which is a dynamic system subject to evolution. An important factor influencing the type and condition of the landscape is human activity which shapes or rebuilds its structure. Interesting results may be obtained on comparison of archival cartographic materials with contemporary studies and zoning plans. The Upper Silesian Coal Basin is a region with a clearly transformed landscape. The determinant of the geographical environment transformation here is the anthropogenic factor. The study area includes the upper part of the Kłodnica catchment (229.6 sq km). The study is a review, and its aim is to systematize data sources used in the research on the transformation of landscape structure of a heavily industrialized area. In the first half of the nineteenth century created the "Urmesstischblätter" in the scale of 1:25 000. Afterwards preparations began to take new topographic images of the country (the "Messtischblätter"). In the 1990s initiated the development of a new topographic map (in the scale of 1:10 000). Recent data source is for example the project CORINE Land Cover 2006. There are many of various sources of data on land cover. An important aspect is the proper selection of documents and maps, and their proper interpretation.
Associations of power at VO<sub>2peak</sub> and anaerobic threshold with rank in British high performance junior surfers
Authors: Barlow Matthew John , Gresty Karen , Findlay Malcolm , Cooke Carlton 
Published: May 2015

PurposeThe objective of this study was to determine the relationships of peak oxygen uptake (VO<sub>2peak</sub>), power at VO<sub>2peak</sub> and power at the anaerobic threshold (AT) with national ranking in a sample of British high performance junior surfers.MethodsEighteen male surfers (aged 15.4 ± 1.4 years) from the British Junior Surfing team were tested for VO<sub>2peak</sub> and AT using an adapted kayak ergometer; national ranking was used to indicate performance level. The AT was identified as the point at which VE/ VO<sub>2</sub> started to rise without a concomitant increase in E/VCO<sub>2</sub>. Spearman’s rank (r<sub>s</sub>) and partial correlations (r<sub>p</sub>) controlling for age were used to identify the relationships between the physiological variables and national ranking.ResultsMean VO<sub>2peak</sub> was 3.1 ± 0.5 l • min–1 (47.7 ± 7.2 ml • kg–1 • min–1) and mean AT occurred at 48.1 ± 12.2 W. There were significant correlations between national ranking and power at VO<sub>2peak</sub> (r<sub>s</sub> = –0.549, <i>p</i> = 0.028), power at AT (r<sub>s</sub> = –0.646, <i>p</i> = 0.009), and age (r<sub>s</sub> = –0.579, <i>p</i> = 0.012). Significant partial correlations were established controlling for age between national ranking and power at VO<sub>2peak</sub> (r<sub>p</sub> = –0.839, <i>p</i> = 0.000) and power at AT (r<sub>p</sub> = –0.541,<i> p</i> < 0.046).ConclusionsThe power outputs associated with VO<sub>2peak</sub> and AT were significantly related to surfer ranking in this sample. However, due to the low coefficient of determination associated with the AT/ranking relationship, AT does not discriminate well between the ranking of surfers. These findings support the inclusion of power at VO<sub>2peak</sub> in assessment batteries for junior competitive surfers.
The effects of acoustic disturbance on anaerobic endurance in female volleyball players
Authors: Sienkiewicz-Dianzenza Edyta , Baranowska Monika Beata , Stupnicki Romuald 
Published: May 2015

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to assess anaerobic endurance in volleyball players through repeated vertical jump performance under quiet and noisy conditions.MethodsA group of 12 female players aged 19–28 year completed six sets of eight standing vertical jump jumps; jump height and heart rate before and after the protocol were measured in quiet and noisy (fan cheering) conditions.ResultsMaximum and minimum vertical jump heights were higher and intragroup differences were smaller in noisy than quiet conditions.ConclusionsVertical jump testing, a measure of physical activity typical of volleyball, is suitable for monitoring training effects. The influence of noise typical during volleyball matches had a positive effect on player performance and anaerobic endurance.
Effect of cadence on respiratory response during unloaded cycling in healthy individuals
Authors: Jastrzębska Agnieszka D. , Kowalski Marcin 
Published: May 2015

PurposeThe aim of the study was to establish the respiratory response to unloaded cycling at different cadences.MethodsEleven healthy participants performed a maximal graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer to assess aerobic fitness (maximal oxygen consumption: 46.27 ± 5.41 ml • min<sup>–1</sup> • kg<sup>–1</sup>) and eight 10-min unloaded pedaling (0 W) bouts at a constant cadence (from 40 to 110 rpm). Respiratory data were measured continuously during each effort and then averaged over 30 s. Blood samples were collected before and 2 min after each effort to monitor changes in acid–base balance.ResultsThe efforts were performed at an intensity of 16.5–37.5% VO<sub>2peak</sub>. Respiratory response was not differentiated in cadences of 40, 50, 60 rpm. From 70 rpm, an increase in cadence was significantly associated with increased minute ventilation (<i>F</i> = 168.11, <i>p</i> < 0.000) and oxygen consumption (<i>F</i> = 214.86 <i>p</i> < 0.000) and, from 80 rpm, respiratory frequency (<i>F</i> = 16.06, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and tidal volume (<i>F</i> = 54.67, <i>p</i> < 0.000). No significant changes in acid-base balance were observed as a result of difference cadences.ConclusionsUnloaded cycling at a cadence of 70 rpm or above has a significant effect on respiratory function and may be associated with the involvement of large muscle ergoreceptors (mechanoreceptors) stimulated by the frequency of muscle contractions.
Hybrid Ionic Liquid-Chitosan Membranes for CO2 Separation: Mechanical and Thermal Behavior
Authors: Santos Esther , Rodríguez-Fernández Enrique , Casado-Coterillo Clara , Irabien Ángel 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Pure chitosan (CS) and hybrid ionic liquid-chitosan membranes loaded with 5 wt% 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][Ac]) ionic liquid were prepared in order to improve the thermal behavior of supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs) for CO2 separation. Gas permeability, solubility and diffusivity were evaluated in the temperature range 298–323 K. The temperature influence was well described in terms of the Arrhenius–van’t Hoff exponential relationships. Activation energies were calculated and compared with those obtained for SILMs with the same ionic liquid. The introduction of this ionic liquid in the hybrid solid membrane decreases the permeability activation energy, leading to a lower influence of the temperature in the permeability and diffusivity. Moreover, the thermal behavior is similar to pure chitosan membranes, and the mechanical strength and flexibility were improved due to the introduction of the ionic liquid in the polymer matrix.
Inverse problems for variable order differential operators with regular singularities on graphs
Authors: Yurko Vjacheslav A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We study inverse spectral problems for ordinary
differential equations with regular singularities on compact
star-type graphs when differential equations have different orders
on different edges. As the main spectral characteristics we
introduce and study the so-called Weyl-type matrices which are
generalizations of the Weyl function for the classical
Sturm-Liouville operator. We provide a procedure for constructing
the solution of the inverse problem and prove its uniqueness.
Other-initiated repair in Italian
Authors: Rossi Giovanni 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis article describes the interactional patterns and linguistic structures associated with other-initiated repair, as observed in a corpus of video recorded conversation in the Italian language (Romance). The article reports findings specific to the Italian language from the comparative project that is the topic of this special issue. While giving an overview of all the major practices for other-initiation of repair found in this language, special attention is given to (i) the functional distinctions between different open strategies (interjection, question words, formulaic), and (ii) the role of intonation in discriminating alternative restricted strategies, with a focus on different contour types used to produce repetitions.
Mechanical Properties of Granular Materials and Their Impact on Load Distribution in Silo: A Review
Authors: Horabik J. , Molenda M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Mechanical properties of granular materials and their impact on load distribution in storage silo were discussed with special focus on materials of biological origin. Granular materials classification was briefly outlined. The evolution of constitutive models of granular materials developed in the frame of mechanics of continuum was addressed. Analytical methods, Finite Element Methods (FEM), and Discrete Element Methods (DEM) of estimation of silo pressure were discussed. Special attention was paid to the following issues: dynamic pressure switch in the first moment of silo discharge, asymmetry of loads due to eccentric discharge, and impact of uncontrolled increase of moisture content of grain on silo pressures.
Factors Affecting Microbial Contamination of Market Eggs: A Review
Authors: Svobodová J. , Tůmová E. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of the review was to analyze the ways of microbial contamination, the protective mechanism of egg, and factors that affect the quantity of contamination and microbial penetration. Eggs can be contaminated during their formation in the infected reproductive organs of hens or after laying, when eggs are exposed to contaminated environment. The eggs are equipped against microbial contamination by several protective mechanisms comprising the presence of cuticle, eggshell, eggshell membranes, occurrence of some antibacterial proteins, and high pH value of albumen. There are several factors that affect the quantity of microbial contamination and penetration such as species of bacteria, the amount of microorganisms, storage conditions, quality of eggshell or number of pores.
Differences Among Czech Local Action Groups In Using Selected Principles Of Leader*
Authors: Pechrová M. , Boukalová K. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Local Action Groups (LAGs) are implementing LEADER principles in rural development. The aim of the paper is to create a typology of LAGs in the Czech Republic according to the factors linked to the individual features of LAG and to its organizational background. Four different groups of LAGs emerged: ‘stabilized’, ‘experienced’, ‘absorbing’, and ‘well-informed’. In the second step, it is assessed how particular groups fullfil selected features of the LEADER: knowledge transfer and bottomup approach. We conclude that ‘stabilized’ and ‘experienced’ LAGs, which are functioning for longer time and LAGs’ manager has longer experiences with LAG operation, have better knowledge transfer than those ‘absorbing’ or ‘well-informed’. This suggests that the rural development is realized by the so-called ‘project class’. On the other hand, the most active people cooperating with LAG management are in ‘experienced’ and ‘absorbing’ groups.
The effects of thermal residual stresses and interfacial properties on the transverse behaviors of fiber composites with different microstructures
Authors: Zhu Xiaojun , Chen Xuefeng , Zhai Zhi , Yang Zhibo , Chen Qiang 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This study presents a new micromechanical model to investigate the effects of thermal residual stresses and interfacial properties on the transverse behaviors of SiC/Ti composites with different microstructures. In this model, the fiber-matrix interface is modeled by the bilinear cohesive zone model. The interface model is introduced into the generalized method of cells, which has the advantage of computational accuracy and efficiency. At the same time, the generalized method of cells is extended to consider thermal residual stresses within the fiber and matrix phases. Thermal residual stresses are found to have a significant influence on the transverse behaviors of the composites. Compared with the perfect interface, the transverse behaviors of the composites with weak interface bonding are much lower. Moreover, with the increase of fiber fraction, the stiffness of the composites increases before debonding occurs while the saturation stress decreases. The predicted results using the circular fiber model and considering thermal residual stresses are more consistent with the experimental values compared with the results using the square or elliptical fiber model. When the stress concentration factor is considered and the interface is weakly bonding, the strength predictions are much better than the results using the perfect bonding.
Geodesic survey and modernization of a route as the task of optimization
Authors: Nowak Edward 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A geodesic survey of an existing route requires one to determine the approximation curve by means of optimization using the total least squares method (TLSM). The objective function of the LSM was found to be a square of the Mahalanobis distance in the adjustment field ν. In approximation tasks, the Mahalanobis distance is the distance from a survey point to the desired curve. In the case of linear regression, this distance is codirectional with a coordinate axis; in orthogonal regression, it is codirectional with the normal line to the curve. Accepting the Mahalanobis distance from the survey point as a quasi-observation allows us to conduct adjustment using a numerically exact parametric procedure.
Analysis of the potential application of splines under the NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) industrial standard with respect to route approximation has identified two issues: a lack of the value of the localizing parameter for a given survey point and the use of vector parameters that define the shape of the curve. The value of the localizing parameter was determined by projecting the survey point onto the curve. This projection, together with the aforementioned Mahalanobis distance, splits the position vector of the curve into two orthogonal constituents within the local coordinate system of the curve. A similar system corresponds to points that form the control polygonal chain and allows us to find their position with the help of a scalar variable that determines the shape of the curve by moving a knot toward the normal line.
A new geoid for Brunei Darussalam by the collocation method
Authors: Lyszkowicz Adam , Birylo Monika , Becek Kazimierz 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Computation of a new gravimetric geoid in Brunei was carried out using terrestrial, airborne and altimetric gravity data and the EGM08 geopotential model by the collocation method. The computations were carried out by the „remove-restore” technique. In order to have better insight in the quality of input data the estimation of accuracy of the gravity data and geoid undulations from GPS/levelling data was carried out using EGM08 geopotential model. It shows a poor quality of GPS/levelling data. Result of the computation is the gravimetric geoid for the territory of Brunei computed by collocation method with an accuracy estimated below of ±0.3 m.
Biochanin a and Daidzein Influence Meiotic Maturation of Pig Oocytes in a Different Manner
Authors: Hošková K. , Křivohlávková L. , Kadlečková L. , Rajmon R. , Drábek O. , Jílek F. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of different concentrations of phytoestrogens biochanin A (BIO A; 20, 40, 50μg ml-1) and daidzein (DAI; 10, 20, 40, 50μg ml-1) on the course of meiotic maturation of pig oocytes. After a 24-hour cultivation, a stage of nuclear maturation was achieved and the areas of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), as an indicator of cumulus expansion, were evaluated. The effects of both contaminants on oocytes were mani - fested from the lowest concentration used. Nuclear maturation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in the case of BIO A. Effects of DAI reached a plateau at a concentration of 20μg ml-1.Possible relationship to limited solubility of DAI was excluded because limits of DAI solubility in culture medium were confirmed at 50 μg ml-1.The cumulus expansion was also influenced in a different manner - reduction of the COC’s area by BIO A was dose-dependent, whereas DAI had the strongest effect on CCs in the lowest and highest concentrations used. Both phytoestrogens negatively influence the meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes but there are significant differences in their concrete effects which could relate to the diverse mechanisms of their acting on target cells.