bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity in the trifoliate orange taxon reveals two main genetic groups marked by specific morphological traits and water deficit tolerance properties
Authors: BEN YAHMED J. , COSTANTINO G. , AMIEL P. , TALON M. , OLLITRAULT P. , MORILLON R. , LURO F. 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYTrifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata(L.) Raf.) is a very useful taxon for the citrus industry since this rootstock is immune to the Citrus Tristeza virus and confers cold tolerance. Numerous trifoliate orange varieties exist but little is known regarding their behavioural variability when subjected to abiotic constraints. The diversity of 74P. trifoliataaccessions maintained in the INRA-CIRAD Citrus Germplasm Collection was investigated using simple sequence repeat markers. Two major genetic groups were clearly identified as a few homonyms, intergroup or intra-group hybrids and doubled-chromosome tetraploid forms. The Group 1 phenotype was characterized by larger flowers and leaves and smaller seeds than Group 2. Tetraploid accessions showed larger leaves and heavier seeds than all other diploid accessions, regardless of genetic classification. Eight genotypes belonging to both genetic groups, as well as two hybrids between the two groups, were selected to investigate their water deficit tolerance. Stress was applied by withdrawing irrigation for 4 weeks. Physiological parameters such as leaf stomatal conductance, quantum yield of photosystem II electron transport, soil water potential, leaf osmotic potential and transpiration rate were estimated. Some varieties, such as Rubidoux 0101033, were clearly more tolerant to water deficit than others, such as Pomeroy 0101040 and Pomeroy 0110081. Interestingly, accessions that had the highest soil water potential and were the least affected by stress belonged to genetic Group 2. Conversely, trifoliate oranges of genetic Group 1 were the least tolerant.
From Moral Exemplar to National Hero: The transformations of Trần Hưng Đạo and the emergence of Vietnamese nationalism
Authors: KELLEY LIAM C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTrần Hưng Đạo (1228–1300), the Vietnamese general who led troops to hold off Mongol invasions in the thirteenth century, is honoured across Vietnam today as a hero of the nation (anh hùng dân tộc). This ubiquitous representation has, however, come about only recently, having been crafted in the twentieth century. Prior to that time, Trần Hưng Đạo was honoured in other ways. This article will examine precisely how it is that Trần Hưng Đạo was represented and remembered in various works—from official histories to spirit writing texts—between the fifteenth and twentieth centuries. It will trace the transformations in these representations over time and argue that it was only in the early twentieth century that Trần Hưng Đạo began to be represented as a national hero. In its coverage of the transformations in Trần Hưng Đạo's representation, this article will demonstrate how modern nationalist ideas emerged in Vietnam in the early twentieth century.
Haemoproteusinfected birds have increased lifetime reproductive success
Authors: ZYLBERBERG M. , DERRYBERRY E. P. , BREUNER C. W. , MACDOUGALL-SHACKLETON E. A. , CORNELIUS J. M. , HAHN T. P. 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYThe impact of haematozoan infection on host fitness has received substantial attention since Hamilton and Zuk posited that parasites are important drivers of sexual selection. However, short-term studies testing the assumption that these parasites consistently reduce host fitness in the wild have produced contradictory results. To address this complex issue, we conducted a long-term study examining the relationship between naturally occurring infection withHaemoproteusandPlasmodium, and lifetime reproductive success and survival of Mountain White-crowned Sparrows. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that birds infected with haematozoan parasites have reduced survival (as determined by overwinter return rates) and reproductive success. Contrary to expectation, there was no relationship betweenHaemoproteusandPlasmodiuminfection and reproduction or survival in males, nor was there a relationship betweenPlasmodiuminfection and reproduction in females. Interestingly,Haemoproteus-infected females had significantly higher overwinter return rates and these females fledged more than twice as many chicks during their lifetimes as did uninfected females. We discuss the impact of parasitic infections on host fitness in light of these findings and suggest that, in the case of less virulent pathogens, investment in excessive immune defence may decrease lifetime reproduction.
Clinical and psychosocial outcomes of borderline personality disorder in childhood and adolescence: a systematic review
Authors: Winsper C. , Marwaha S. , Lereya S. T. , Thompson A. , Eyden J. , Singh S. P. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundWhile there is a growing body of research on borderline personality disorder (BPD) in children and adolescents, controversy remains regarding the validity and diagnosis of the disorder prior to adulthood.MethodMEDLINE, EMBASE, Psych INFO and PubMed databases were systematically searched for articles pertaining to the clinical and psychosocial outcomes (i.e. predictive validity) of BPD first diagnosed in childhood or adolescence (i.e. prior to 19 years of age). All primary empirical studies were included in the review. A narrative synthesis of the data was completed.ResultsA total of 8200 abstracts were screened. Out of 214 full-text articles, 18 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria. Quality assessment indicated that most studies had high risk of bias in at least one study domain. Consistent with the adult literature, the diagnostic stability of BPD prior to the age of 19 years was low to moderate, and mean-level and rank-order stability, moderate to high. Individuals with BPD symptoms in childhood or adolescence had significant social, educational, work and financial impairment in later life.ConclusionsStudies indicate that borderline pathology prior to the age of 19 years is predictive of long-term deficits in functioning, and that a considerable proportion of individuals continue to manifest borderline symptoms up to 20 years later. These findings provide some support for the clinical utility of the BPD phenotype in younger populations, and suggest that an early intervention approach may be warranted. Further prospective studies are needed to delineate risk (and protective) factors pertinent to the chronicity of BPD across the lifespan.
Higher cognitive ability buffers stress-related depressive symptoms in adolescent girls
Authors: Riglin Lucy , Collishaw Stephan , Shelton Katherine H. , McManus I. C. , Ng-Knight Terry , Sellers Ruth , Thapar Ajay K. , Frederickson Norah , Rice Frances 
Published: March 2015

AbstractStress has been shown to have a causal effect on risk for depression. We investigated the role of cognitive ability as a moderator of the effect of stressful life events on depressive symptoms and whether this varied by gender. Data were analyzed in two adolescent data sets: one representative community sample aged 11–12 years (n= 460) and one at increased familial risk of depression aged 9–17 years (n= 335). In both data sets, a three-way interaction was found whereby for girls, but not boys, higher cognitive ability buffered the association between stress and greater depressive symptoms. The interaction was replicated when the outcome was a diagnosis of major depressive disorder. This buffering effect in girls was not attributable to coping efficacy. However, a small proportion of the variance was accounted for by sensitivity to environmental stressors. Results suggest that this moderating effect of cognitive ability in girls is largely attributable to greater available resources for cognitive operations that offer protection against stress-induced reductions in cognitive processing and cognitive control which in turn reduces the likelihood of depressive symptomatology.
Verbal Naming Test for Use with Older Adults: Development and Initial Validation
Authors: Yochim Brian P. , Beaudreau Sherry A. , Kaci Fairchild J. , Yutsis Maya V. , Raymond Neda , Friedman Leah , Yesavage Jerome 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNaming or word-finding tasks are a mainstay of the typical neuropsychological evaluation, particularly with older adults. However, many older adults have significant visual impairment and there are currently no such word-finding tasks developed for use with older visually impaired populations. This study presents a verbal, non-visual measure of word-finding for use in the evaluation of older adults with possible dysnomia. Stimuli were chosen based on their frequency of usage in everyday spoken language. A 60-item scale was created and given to 131 older Veterans. Rasch analyses were conducted and differential item functioning assessed to eliminate poorly-performing items. The final 55-item scale had a coefficient alpha of 0.84 and correlated with the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery Naming test,r=0.84,p<.01, Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Category Fluency,r=0.45,p<.01, and the D-KEFS Letter Fluency,r=0.40,p<.01. ROC analyses found the measure to have sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 85% for detecting dysnomia. Patients with dysnomia performed worse on the measure than patients with intact word-finding,t(84)=8.2,p<.001. Patients with no cognitive impairment performed significantly better than patients with mild cognitive impairment, who performed significantly better than patients with dementia. This new measure shows promise in the neuropsychological evaluation of word-finding ability in older adults with or without visual impairment. Future directions include the development of a shorter version and the generation of additional normative data. (JINS, 2015,21, 1–10)
Psychometric properties of the Thai Spiritual Well-Being Scale
Authors: Chaiviboontham Suchira , Phinitkhajorndech Noppawan , Hanucharurnkul Somchit , Noipiang Thaniya 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the modified Thai Spiritual Well-Being Scale in patients with advanced cancer.Method:This cross-sectional study was employed to investigate psychometric properties. Some 196 participants from three tertiary hospitals in Bangkok and suburban Thailand were asked to complete a Personal Information Questionnaire (PIQ), The Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS), and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS). Validity was determined by known-group, concurrent, and constructs validity. Reliability was estimated using internal consistency by Cronbach's α coefficients.Results:Three factors were extracted: so-called existential well-being, religious well-being, and peacefulness accounted for 71.44% of total variance. The Cronbach's α coefficients for total SWB, EWB, RWB, and peacefulness were 0.96, 0.94, and 0.93, respectively.Significance of Results:These findings indicate that the Thai SWBS is a valid and reliable instrument, and it presented one more factor than the original version.
The link between broad emission line fluctuations and non-thermal emission from the inner AGN jet
Authors: Tavares J. León , Chavushyan V. , Lobanov A. , Valtaoja E. , Arshakian T. G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAGN reverberate when the broad emission lines respond to changes of the ionizing thermal continuum emission. Reverberation measurements have been commonly used to estimate the size of the broad-line region (BLR) and the mass of the central black hole. However, reverberation mapping studies have been mostly performed on radio-quiet sources where the contribution of the jet can be neglected. In radio-loud AGN, jets and outflows may affect substantially the relation observed between the ionizing continuum and the line emission. To investigate this relation, we have conducted a series of multi-wavelength studies of radio-loud AGN, combining optical spectral line monitoring with regular VLBI observations. Our results suggest that at least a fraction of the broad-line emitting material can be located in a sub-relativistic outflow ionized by non-thermal continuum emission generated in the jet at large distances (> 1 pc) from the central engine of AGN. This finding may have a strong impact on black hole mass estimates based on measured widths of the broad emission lines and on the gamma-ray emission mechanisms.
Beaming effect for Fermi/LAT blazars
Authors: Fan J. H. , Xiao H. B. , Bastieri D. , Liu Y. , Hao J. M. , Pei Z. Y. , Wu D. X. , Yuan Y. H. , Cai W. , Lin C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this talk, we will show the beaming effect for Fermi/LAT blazars, then we discuss the correlations between γ-ray luminosity and other parameters, such as radio Doppler factors, superluminal motions, and core-dominance parameters. We also compare the Doppler factors determined from the γ-ray luminosity, X-ray emissions, and the short-term time scales with those from other methods. Our discussions suggest that γ-ray emissions may be strongly beamed.
VHE BL Lacs through the MAGIC glasses
Authors: González Josefa Becerra ,   on behalf of the MAGIC Collaboration
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this contribution an overview of the latest results on the study of BL Lac objects with the MAGIC telescopes at the very high energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-rays is presented. Three new VHE sources were detected during 2014, two BL Lac objects and the gravitational lensed blazar S3 0218+357. MAGIC detected very fast intra-night variability from IC 310. This detection points to smaller emitting regions than the event horizon, this is hard to be explained in the framework of the current theoretical models. The long term multi wavelength (MWL) study of the BL Lac PKS 1424+240 shows correlation between the radio and optical emission, pointing to a common origin. The MWL SED is not well fitted by a one-zone synchrotron-self Compton (SSC) model, but a two-zone SSC model can explain both, the MWL light curve and the SED. Spectral curvature has been found in the observed VHE spectrum from PG 1553+113. This is the first time that spectral curvature compatible with the EBL absorption is found in an individual object.
Multiwavelength variability analysis of the FSRQ 3C 279
Authors: Patiño-Álvarez V. , Chavushyan V. , León-Tavares J. , Carramiñana A. , Carrasco L. , Fernandes S. , Schlegel E. M. , López-Rodríguez E. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe present a multifrequency analysis of the variability in the flat-spectrum radio quasar 3C 279 from 2008 to 2014. Our multiwavelength dataset includes gamma-ray data from Fermi/LAT (Abdo et al. 2009), observations in 1mm from SMA (Gurwell et al. 2007), Near Infrared from OAGH (Carramiñana & Carrasco 2009) and SMARTS (Bonning et al. 2012); optical V band from the Steward Observatory (Smith et al. 2009) and SMARTS; optical spectra from OAGH (Patiño-Álvarez et al. 2013) and the Steward Observatory; and polarization spectra from the Steward Observatory. The light curves are shown in Fig. 1. Six out of seven optical activity periods identified within our dataset show clear counterparts in mm, NIR and gamma-rays, however, the late 2011 - early 2012 optical flare does not have a counterpart in the GeV regime. In this contribution, we discuss the flaring evolution of 3C 279 and speculate about the production of the anomalous activity period.
The nature of the unassociated 2FGL sources
Authors: Pursimo T. , Ojha R. , Ferrara E. , Acero F. , Johnston H. , Titov O. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe majority of Fermi-LAT detected (2FGL) sources are AGN, mostly blazars. However, the second largest category in the 2FGL are unassociated sources (~30% or 575 sources), whose multi-wavelength counterpart is either inconclusive or absent. Follow-up observations and archival data at X-ray, optical, and radio frequencies suggest that many unassociated 2FGL sources are strong candidates to be AGN. Typical observed characteristics of 2FGL detected AGN include variability at all frequencies and a spectral energy distribution (SED) with two “bumps”; a low-frequency synchrotron peak in the radio to optical/X-ray region and a high-frequency peak, possibly due to synchrotron self-Compton or Inverse Compton processes, that extends up to TeV energies. We present optical follow-up observations of a sample of Fermi unassociated sources with one or more potential X-ray counterparts detected within the LAT error circle.
Blazar monitoring with LOFAR
Authors: Turriziani Sara , Hardcastle Martin , Miller-Jones James , Broderick Jess , Markoff Sera ,   (on behalf of the Transients Key Science Project)
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe have been monitoring some well-known bright blazars with short LOFAR observations since February 2013 with fortnightly cadence using the full available bandwidth of the High Band Antennas (i.e., 48 MHz centred at 226 MHz). The sources were chosen to be bright at low frequencies and to exhibit strong GHz-frequency radio variability on timescales of weeks to years. None of the five objects selected have been monitored previously in the MHz band. Here we report some preliminary results on flux variability obtained so far with LOFAR. These observations are scientifically valuable in their own right and also act as a proof of principle for broader, higher-cadence monitoring of the extragalactic sky with LOFAR and possibly SKA.
Polarimetric tomography of blazar jets
Authors: de Almeida Ulisses Barres , Tavecchio Fabrizio , Mankuzhiyil Nijil 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this talk we present a novel way to use optical polarimetric observations to provide independent constraints and guide to the modelling of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of blazars. The approach is particularly useful to judge when a two-zone model description of the SED of the source is required and is able to provide with extra information that helps breaking some of the degeneracies on the fit parameters of the two SSC model components. The method will be presented in some detail and will be subsequently applied to the 2008 multi-wavelength campaign of PKS 2155-304 as an illustration of its potential.
Microarcsecond structure of an AGN Jet via Interstellar Scintillation
Authors: Bignall Hayley , Macquart Jean-Pierre , Godfrey Leith , Hodgson Jeffrey , Jauncey David 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe have used the broadband backend available at the ATCA to study the fast interstellar scintillation (ISS) of quasar PKS 1257–326, resolving the core shift as a function of frequency on scales less than 10 microarcseconds. In this short paper we discuss the jet direction implied from the microarcsecond-scale core shift in PKS 1257–326.
Slugs and Snails and Puppy Dog Tails: jets from an unconventional angle
Authors: Harris D. E. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe discuss some aspects of extragalactic jets originating from super massive black holes in the centres of active galaxies (and quasars). We start with a short review of sizes and flavors and then argue that the emission we detect across the electromagnetic spectrum does not come from the essence of the jet, but is rather a product of the jet. We go on to discuss some topics concerning synchrotron emission from jets, mainly aspects of knots. Finally we discuss the emission processes for the X-rays and describe a current experiment with LOFAR designed to test a requirement of inverse Compton models.
Interaction of Cygnus A with its environment
Authors: Nulsen Paul E. J. , Young Andrew J. , Kraft Ralph P. , McNamara Brian R. , Wise Michael W. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCygnus A, the nearest truly powerful radio galaxy, resides at the centre of a massive galaxy cluster. Chandra X-ray observations reveal its cocoon shocks, radio lobe cavities and an X-ray jet, which are discussed here. It is argued that X-ray emission from the outer regions of the cocoon shocks is nonthermal. The X-ray jets are best interpreted as synchrotron emission, suggesting that they, rather than the radio jets, are the path of energy flow from the nucleus to the hotspots. In that case, a model shows that the jet flow is non-relativistic and carries in excess of one solar mass per year.
An overview of jet-mode AGN feedback and the prospects for studying its cosmic evolution with LOFAR
Authors: Bîrzan L. , Rafferty D. A. , Brüggen M. ,   the LOFAR Team
Published: March 2015

AbstractChandra revealed cavities in the hot atmospheres of many nearby clusters. These cavities are tracers of a strong coupling between the relativistic plasma in radio sources and the cooling, thermal gas in clusters. They demonstrate clearly that the AGN affects the cooling gas that leads to star formation and galaxy growth and allow a direct measurement of the bulk of the AGN's power. Together with radio data, the cavities allow us to derive scaling relations between mechanical (cavity) and radio power that can be used to estimate the AGN feedback power when direct measurement of the cavities is not possible. We review the importance of such relations for extending current studies of feedback with new and upcoming radio telescopes such as LOFAR and SKA.
Radio jets clearing the way through galaxies: the view from Hi and molecular gas
Authors: Morganti Raffaella 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMassive gas outflows are considered a key component in the process of galaxy formation and evolution. Because of this, they are the topic of many studies aimed at learning more about their occurrence, location and physical conditions as well as the mechanism(s) at their origin. This contribution presents recent results on two of the best examples of jet-driven outflows traced by cold and molecular gas. Thanks to high-spatial resolution observations, we have been able to locate the region where the outflow occurs. This appears to be coincident with bright radio features and regions where the interaction between radio plasma jet and ISM is known to occur, thus strongly supporting the idea of jet-driven outflows. We have also imaged the distribution of the outflowing gas. The results clearly show the effect that expanding radio jets and lobes have on the ISM. This appears to be in good agreement with what predicted from numerical simulations. Furthermore, the results show that cold gas is associated with these powerful phenomena and can be formed - likely via efficient cooling - even after a strong interaction and fast shocks. The discovery of similar fast outflows of cold gas in weak radio sources is further increasing the relevance that the effect of the radio plasma can have on the surrounding medium and on the host galaxy.
Dust heating in the cores of 3CRR radio galaxies
Authors: Birkinshaw M. , Worrall D. M. , Bliss A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe have undertaken a Spitzer campaign to measure the IR structures and spectra of low-redshift 3CRR radio galaxies. The results show that the 3.6 – 160 μm infrared properties vary systematically with integrated source power, and so demonstrate that contemporary core activity is characteristic of the behaviour of sources over their lifetimes. IR synchrotron emission is seen from jets and hotspots in some cases. Thermal emission is found from a jet/gas interaction in NGC7385. Most of the near-IR integrated colours of the low-redshift 3CRR radio galaxies are similar to those of passive galaxies, so that IR colours are poor indicators of radio activity.