bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Diagnosis of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (TBRFV) Infections Through CRISPR-Cas12 and CRISPR-Cas9 Technologies
Authors: Besati Masoud , Safarnejad Mohammad Reza , Aliahmadi Atousa , Farzaneh Mohsen , Rafati Hasan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV), a newly identified Tobamovirus that exclusively targets tomato plants, is causing significant damage to agricultural crops worldwide. It was originally discovered in greenhouse tomatoes in Jordan in 2015, and it is now a global danger to tomato and pepper harvests. ToBRFV is a highly contagious virus that is stable and rapidly spreads by mechanical methods and seeds. As a result, it may spread both locally and over large distances, and it is now recognized as a pandemic in plants and corpse life. This study investigates the effectiveness of a single-step CRISPR-Cas12a in conjugation with reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) for detection of ToBRFV in samples collected from the field. In this study, we employed the CRISPR-Cas12a system for the detection of viral DNA amplicons generated through RT-RPA. Moreover, we show that different ToBRFV signals sensed by the CRISPR complexes may be processed by designed DNA logic circuits. All things considered, the use of CRISPR-Cas9 R-loop for the molecular beacon opening (COLUMBO) platform for multiplexed detection in a single tube, enhances the capabilities of already available CRISPR-based techniques, and shows promise for use in biocomputing and diagnosis. Our innovative approach successfully identified the presence of ToBRFV, in tomato plants. Furthermore, the detection methodology refined by integrating lateral flow strips with a fluorimetry assay, enabling a visual readout. This modification circumvents the costly and labor-intensive RNA purification phase, streamlining the diagnostic process. These methods have the potential to be useful for field-deployable applications since they enable viral diagnoses to be completed within 30 minutes of leaf harvesting. The study proved that the combination of RT-RPA amplification and single-step CRISPR-Cas12a and CRISPR-Cas9 can offer a precise, sensitive, and targeted method for on-site detection of ToBRFV.
Relationships between the platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and anemia among adults in the USA: An NHANES analysis
Authors: Xiao Tingfeng , Ni Junjie , Pang Lingling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
The platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR) has been proposed as a viable biomarker of disease, but its relationship with the prevalence of anemia has yet to be established. This study was thus devised to examine the relationships between PHR and anemia.
Methods
Data from the 2007–2020 NHENES cycles were used to conduct this study, including any non-pregnant subjects 18 + years of age for whom anemia and PHR-related data were provided. Weighted multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to clarify the degree to which there is an independent relationship between PHR and anemia.
Results
This study included 6048 individuals of whom 7.33% had anemia with a mean PHR of 18.69 ± 0.18. Anemia prevalence increased with higher PHR tertiles. Using a fully adjusted model, subjects in the highest PHR tertile presented with a 59% (OR: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.06–2.38, P = 0.02) higher risk of anemia as compared to those in the lowest tertile. In two-piece-wise regression analyses, a PHR breakpoint of 14.53 was computed, with a positive relationship being more apparent at PHR values at or above 14.53 (OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.03–1.07, P < 0.0001). Below this threshold, this correlation was no longer evident (P = 0.07). Subgroup and interaction analyses confirmed that PHR and anemia prevalence were consistently related across population settings.
Conclusions
A positive correlation was noted between higher PHR and anemia, suggesting that this index can be employed in clinical settings as an indicator for assessing the prevalence of anemia.
Opening the Black Box: predicting the trainability of deep neural networks with reconstruction entropy
Authors: Erdmenger Johanna , Thurn Yanick , Jefferson Ro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

An important challenge in machine learning is to predict the initial conditions under which a given neural network will be trainable. We present a method for predicting the trainable regime in parameter space for deep feedforward neural networks, based on reconstructing the input from subsequent activation layers via a cascade of single-layer auxiliary networks. For both MNIST and CIFAR10, we show that a single epoch of training of the shallow cascade networks is sufficient to predict the trainability of the deep feedforward network, thereby providing a significant reduction in overall training time. We achieve this by computing the relative entropy between reconstructed images and the original inputs, and show that this probe of information loss is sensitive to the phase behaviour of the network. Moreover, our approach illustrates the network's decision making process by displaying the changes performed on the input data at each layer. Our results provide a concrete link between the flow of information and the trainability of deep neural networks, further explaining the role of criticality in these systems.
Novel miniaturized silicon-based capacitive six-axis force/torque sensor with large range, high sensitivity, and low crosstalk
Authors: Han Xiangguang , Tan Renjie , Wu Daixuan , Xia Yong , Huang Linya , Gao Wendi , Jia Chen , Yang Ping , Lin Qijing , Ding Shujiang , Wang Chenying , Zhao Libo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Miniaturized six-axis force/torque sensors have potential applications in robotic tactile sensing, minimally invasive surgery, and other narrow operating spaces, where currently available commercial sensors cannot meet the requirements because of their large size. In this study, a silicon-based capacitive six-axis force/torque sensing chip with a small size of 9.3 × 9.3 × 0.98 mm was designed, fabricated, and tested. A sandwich decoupling structure with a symmetrical layered arrangement of S-shaped beams, comb capacitors, and parallel capacitors was employed. A decoupling theory considering eccentricity and nonlinear effects was derived to realize low axial crosstalk. The proposed S-shaped beams achieved a large measurement range through stress optimization. The results of a coupled multiphysics field finite-element simulation agreed well with those of theoretical analyses. The test results show that the proposed sensing chip can detect six-axis force/torque separately, with almost all crosstalk errors less than 6%FS. Its force and torque measurement ranges can reach as much as 2.5 N and 12.5 N·mm, respectively. The sensing chip also has high sensitivities of 0.52 pF/N and 0.27 pF/(N·mm) for force and torque detection, respectively.
Combined with bioinformatics and machine learning, the diagnostic model, Immunological features and subtypes of stage IV endometriosis with infertility were analyzed
Authors: Lin Yong , Long Yan , He Jin , Yi Qinqin , Wu Jiao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Many studies have shown that endometriosis can lead to infertility in women of reproductive age, but the mechanism is unknown. Our study aims to explore the pathogenesis of stage IV endometriosis with infertility and the role of characteristic genes in this condition. Methods Gene expression profiles were obtained from the GSE120103 dataset retrieved from the GEO database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify key modules. Subsequently, minimum absolute contraction, selection operator (LASSO), and random forest machine learning algorithms were employed to screen the characteristic genes of stage IV endometriosis complicated with infertility. The ROC curve and diagnostic model were generated to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. CIBERSORT was utilized to estimate immune cell infiltration and quantify immune checkpoints. Additionally, we constructed the regulatory network of miRNA and transcription factors.GSEA was utilized to explore the signaling pathways associated with characteristic genes, and potential small molecule compounds were identified through screening the CTD database. Samples from individuals with infertility in stage IV endometriosis were categorized using the consensus clustering method, followed by an examination of the expression and immunological features of different subtypes. Results We identified five characteristic genes (CDY2A, KRT6B, SLC2A2, SRY, MYH7) that predict infertility in stage IV endometriosis. When compared to women of childbearing age with stage IV endometriosis, the immunological features of stage IV endometriosis combined with infertility show significant differences, which are clearly linked to the characteristic genes. Patients can benefit from a gene-based characteristic nomogram. Our study reveals that multiple signaling pathways are strongly associated with infertility in stage IV endometriosis. Furthermore, several small molecule compounds were predicted based on the characteristic genes, and relevant regulatory networks of miRNA and TF were constructed. Stage IV endometriosis combined with infertility is categorized into three subtypes, each showing significantly different immunological characteristics of the characteristic genes. Conclusion This study enhances our understanding of the pathogenesis and immune mechanisms of stage IV endometriosis with infertility. It identifies effective characteristic genes and subtypes, offering valuable insights for treatment. Nevertheless, additional prospective studies and experiments are necessary to validate our findings.
Phenylalanine is the key indicator for distinguishing the stroke subtypes of AIS and ICH
Authors: Qi Ao , Shen Jing , Mei Shuangxi , Zhang Junjie , Xu Simin , Chen Yusen , Cai Chun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Stroke is a complex neurological disease that involves a sudden abnormality in brain function, including acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The clinical symptoms of them are similar, but the treatment strategies are completely opposite, and there is no clear biomarker to distinguish them for clinical use. Our purpose is to investigate the plasma metabolites and find out potential biomarkers that can discriminate ICH from AIS. Herein, we used non-targeted metabolomics analysis by GC/MS to investigate the changes in metabolites in plasma samples from 63 AIS patients, 35 ICH patients and 65 healthy people. More than 50 metabolites were analyzed, then the Orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) model and Support Vector Machine algorithm were used to analyze these metabolites. The results showed that the area under curve of L-phenylalanine is as high as 0.961 and 93.86% of samples could be correctly diagnosed with 88.89% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The content of phenylalanine in the plasma of AIS patients was significantly higher than that of ICH patients and healthy people, and there was no difference in the content of phenylalanine between ICH patients and healthy people. Therefore , phenyalanine may be a potential biomarker for differentiating AIS from ICH
Unintended Pregnancy and Induced Abortion in Sierra Leone: Abortion Incidence Complications Method-Based Estimates
Authors: Ushie Boniface Ayanbekongshie , Giorgio Margaret , Juma Kenneth , Kamara Mohamed Koblo , Ouedraogo Ramatou , Francis Moses , Bankole Akinrinola 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Unsafe abortions remain a significant contributor to the high maternal morbidity and mortality in Sierra Leone. The country has among the highest maternal mortalities worldwide. However, little is known about the incidence of induced abortion and unintended pregnancy in the country.
Methods
We used the Abortion Incidence Complications Method to create nationally representative estimates of the incidence of abortion and unintended pregnancy in Sierra Leone in 2021. First, we estimated the total number of post-abortion care cases resulting from induced abortions using a nationally representative sample of health facilities (n = 291). Next, we estimated the proportion of all induced abortions in the country that would result in women receiving post-abortion care using data from a survey conducted among a purposive sample of experts knowledgeable about abortion in Sierra Leone. The national estimate of induced abortion is the product of the estimated number of post-abortion care cases and the multiplier generated from the proportion of all induced abortions that would result in health facility care. The estimate of induced abortion and the national estimate of unintended births based on Demographic Health Survey data were used to estimate the incidence of unintended pregnancy in 2021.
Results
In 2021, 37,262 patients were treated for post-abortion complications in Sierra Leone, of which we estimated 27,467 were due to induced abortions. Approximately 91,494 induced abortions (uncertainty interval (UI): 41,489–141,500) occurred in Sierra Leone in the same year, translating to a national induced abortion rate of 44.2 (UI: 20.1–68.4) per 1,000 women aged 15–49 and with significant regional variations. Of all pregnancies in 2021, 38% were unintended. This corresponds to an unintended pregnancy rate of 70 per 1,000; we estimate that 63% of unintended pregnancies ended in induced abortions.
Conclusions
This is the first study to report on the national incidence estimates of induced abortion and unintended pregnancy in Sierra Leone. Findings demonstrate that both are prevalent in the country. Findings offer insights that could be used to strengthen efforts towards reducing unsafe abortions, improving access to quality comprehensive abortion care and family planning services, and informing advocacy for abortion legal reforms in Sierra Leone.
WTAP-mediated m6A methylation of PHF19 facilitates cell cycle progression by remodeling the accessible chromatin landscape in t(8;21) AML
Authors: Gao Xiao-Ning , Li Yu-Qing , Liu Di , Wang Lili , Shao Yang-Liu , Zhou Hui-Sheng , Hu Ya-Lei , Min Kai-Li , Gao Chun-ji , Liu Daihong , Zhou Jie , Lin Ji 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Wilms' tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP) is a key N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase that is upregulated in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) under hypoxia inducible factor 1α-mediated transcriptional activation, promoting leukemogenesis through transcriptome-wide m6A modifications. However, the specific substrates and intrinsic regulatory mechanisms of WTAP are not well understood. Here, we provide evidence that PHD finger protein 19 (PHF19) overexpression is regulated by WTAP-mediated m6A modification and promotes cell cycle progression by altering chromatin accessibility. At the same time, high expression of PHF19 and WTAP in t(8;21) AML patients indicates a worse prognosis. Furthermore, inhibition of PHF19 expression significantly suppresses the growth of t(8;21) AML cells in both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, WTAP enhances the stability of PHF19 mRNA by binding to m6A sites in the 3'-untranslated region, thereby upregulating PHF19 expression. Conversely, WTAP suppression reduces m6A modification levels on the PHF19 transcript, leading to increased instability. Knockdown of PHF19 precipitates loss of H3K27 trimethylation and enhanced chromatin accessibility, ultimately resulting in upregulated expression of genes involved in the cell cycle and DNA damage checkpoints. Therefore, WTAP/m6A-dependent PHF19 upregulation accelerates leukemia progression by coordinating m6A modification and histone methylation, establishing its status as a novel therapeutic target for t(8;21) AML.
Effects of a Landscape Gradient on the Diversity of Odonates in the Legalamazonia Zone of the Brazilian State of Maranhão
Authors: Barbosa-Santos Francisco Maciel , Juen Leandro , Cajaiba Reinaldo Lucas , De Sousa Jose Roberto Pereira 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The various ecosystems of the Amazon biome play a vital role in the maintenance of biodiversity, as well as providing important ecosystem services at local and global levels. Small-bodied generalists include a number of important groups, such as the insects of the order Odonata. Given their sensitivity to environmental alterations, odonates are also valuable bioindicators of environmental quality. In this context, the present study evaluated the distribution of the diversity of adult odonates in the Legal Amazonia zone of the Brazilian state of Maranhão, to verify which environmental variables are the most important drivers of the structure of the local odonate communities. To test these predictions, we sampled 27 streams along a landscape gradient located in the hydrographic basin of the Pindaré River in the Legal Amazonia zone of the Brazilian state of Maranhão. The results of the study indicated that alterations in the environment are reflected in the odonate diversity recorded at each site, with the assemblages of degraded environments having a predominance of more generalist species. However, some of these species are threatened by the loss of habitats, primarily denser vegetation. However, such species are threatened by habitat loss, particularly dense vegetation. Despite this, the discovery of Erythrodiplax unimaculata in Maranhão highlights ongoing biodiversity revelations. The study underscores the urgent need for continuous monitoring to mitigate biodiversity loss in the face of widespread environmental disturbances in the region.
More than “hematology”: A qualitative study on the experience of hematologists treating people with blood cancer in Greece
Authors: Vrontaras Nikolaos , Koulierakis George , Kyrou Dimitrios , Kapetanakis Anargyros , Xochelli Aliki , Ghia Paolo , Stamatopoulos Kostas , Karamanidou Christina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the experiences of hematologists providing care to patients with hematological malignancies, whose care is pertinent to oncology.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews with 30 hematologists across Greece were conducted. The interviews took place over the course of six months at 2020. Reflexive thematic analysis was employed for data analysis.
Results: Three key themes (personal impact, organizational framework, and relating to patients) and eight subthemes were generated: 1. Hematologists were greatly affected on a personal level, as they had poor life-work balance and impacted social relationships. They experienced a great emotional toll, sometimes questioning the meaning of their work. They frequently struggled with loss, by witnessing people’s passing. Nevertheless, they reported coping better over time. 2. On an organizational level, hematologists supported each other emotionally, but only rarely had formal support in managerial or administrative recourses. They were also hindered by structural restraints, both in terms of limited psychosocial training and supportive services. 3. Hematologists’ relationship with their patients increased their job satisfaction. However, they strived to keep boundaries while balancing how close they got to their patients.
Conclusion: High job demands and organizational aspects pose hematologists with the risk of developing compassion fatigue or burnout. Working under difficult conditions, they needed to go above and beyond to provide appropriate care to their patients. At the same time, individual resources, teamwork, or other structural opportunities emerged as crucial coping elements. Support should be offered both personally and professionally to improve their lives and prevent potential turnover.
Efficacy and safety of external application of Chinese herbal medicine for relieving Swelling and Pain in the treatment of postpartum perineal edema pain: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , LU Haiyun , Wu Qing , XU Xuejie , LUO Xiuwen , CHEN Cuixia , ANG Zhi K , DAI Shuiyan , LI Yanru , JIANG Chenglong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction perineal edema and pain are common in women who undergo vaginal childbirth, which seriously affects their daily life and overall physical and mental health. Previous studies have established the efficacy of Western medicine in alleviating perineal pain; however, its clinical effectiveness is limited owing to potential side effects on both mothers and infants. The aim of this review was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of external application of Swelling and Pain relief in Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of postpartum perineal edema pain. Methods and analysis Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SpringerLink, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Wanfang China database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and China’s Conference Papers Database and China Dissertation database will be searched from inception to May 2024. In addition, other suitable search strategies were used to complete the review. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing external application of Swelling and Pain relief Chinese herbal medicines in the therapy for reducing postpartum perineal edema pain will be included the primary outcome is pain intensity. Secondary outcomes include negative emotions, feeding situation. Reviewers will conduct study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment procedures. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias. PROSPERO registration number CRD42024532618. Strengths and limitations of this study This systematic review and meta-analysis will include many RCTS that have been omitted from Chinese databases, as well as some novel, well-designed, high-quality multicenter RCTS that have been conducted in the last two years. To provide high-quality evidence-based medicine to determine whether the external application of Chinese herbal medicine to reduce swelling and pain is an effective and safe intervention for postpartum women with perineal pain. The selection of studies, data extraction, and assessment of bias will be performed independently by two researchers, and the third researcher’s opinion will be sought when there is a dispute, thus ensuring that all relevant studies will be included without personal bias. We will only search Chinese and English databases, which may result in language bias.The age of the investigator, number of deliveries, different components of the herbs, control interventions, course of treatment, severity of pain, and quality of the study may have contributed to heterogeneity.