bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible posterior encephalopathy syndrome in children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Zhou Juan , Zheng Helin , Zhong Xuefei , Wu Daoqi , Wang Mo , Tang Xuemei , Li Qiu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAimTo investigate the clinical features and prognoses of children who develop reversible posterior encephalopathy syndrome (RPES) during treatment for nephrotic syndrome (NS).MethodsThe clinicoradiological characteristics and prognoses of 51 patients with NS, including 21 with RPES and 30 without, were analyzed.ResultsCompared with the controls, the RPES patients exhibited a higher rate of tacrolimus (P = 0.01) and cyclosporine (P = 0.02) treatment; higher‐dose prednisolone (P = 0.01) treatment; higher systolic blood pressure (P = 0.04), serum cholesterol (P = 0.03), and proteinuria (P < 0.01); and lower serum albumin levels (P = 0.03). Hypertension was present in 85.7% of RPES patients. The clinical manifestations of RPES included an altered mental status, seizures, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and visual impairment. Electroencephalography findings included slow waves and focal sharp or/and spiked waves; magnetic resonance imaging showed lesions localized in the occipital, parietal, frontal, temporal lobes and the cerebellum and brainstem; and magnetic resonance angiography revealed vertebral artery narrowing. All RPES patients recovered completely with timely and appropriate therapy.ConclusionHypertension, calcineurin inhibitor and high‐dose steroid treatments, high serum cholesterol and proteinuria levels, and low serum albumin levels can predispose children with NS to RPES, although both the clinical and imaging outcomes are satisfactory.
Skin autofluorescence advanced glycosylation end products as an independent predictor of mortality in high flux haemodialysis and haemodialysis patients
Authors: Nongnuch Arkom , Davenport Andrew 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAimHaemodialysis (HD) patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular death. In addition to the standard cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, HD patients have additional risk factors including bone mineral disorders, anaemia and uraemic toxins, including advance glycosylation end product (AGEs). AGEs increase in HD patients due to reduced renal clearance and increased production. Tissue AGEs measured by skin autofluorescence (SAF) have been shown to be more reliable and reproducible to asses AGE accumulation in HD patients compared with serum levels. We wished to determine whether increasing SAF due to AGEs was associated with reduced survival in HD patients.MethodsWe measured SAF in the non‐fistula arm in a cross‐sectional study of 332 thrice weekly HD outpatients who were then followed prospectively for 30 months.ResultsMean patient age was 65.7 ± 15.1 years, 64.2% male, 41.9% diabetic, mean dialysis vintage 65.1 (range 1–413) months, with an average sessional Kt/Vurea of 1.43 ± 0.34. A percentage of 61.1 had a history of hypertension, 32.2% had CVD, 16% had peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and 37% was current smokers. The mean SAF was 3.27 ± 0.96 IU, and patients with SAF above the mean (>3.27 IU) had a higher risk of death, and higher SAF was independently associated with increased mortality: hazard ratio 12.95 (1.60–104.8), P = 0.016.ConclusionAccumulation of AGEs, measured by SAF, was independently associated with higher risk of death in HD patients. Additional studies are required to determine whether a reduction in tissue AGEs in dialysis patients may reduce mortality in this high‐risk population.
Plant growth‐promoting effects of native Pseudomonas strains on Mentha piperita (peppermint): an in vitro study
Authors: Santoro M. V. , Cappellari L. R. , Giordano W. , Banchio E. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPlant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) affect growth of host plants through various direct and indirect mechanisms. Three native PGPR (Pseudomonas putida) strains isolated from rhizospheric soil of a Mentha piperita (peppermint) crop field near Córdoba, Argentina, were characterised and screened in vitro for plant growth‐promoting characteristics, such as indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilisation and siderophore production, effects of direct inoculation on plant growth parameters (shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, leaf number, node number) and accumulation and composition of essential oils. Each of the three native strains was capable of phosphate solubilisation and IAA production. Only strain SJ04 produced siderophores. Plants directly inoculated with the native PGPR strains showed increased shoot fresh weight, glandular trichome number, ramification number and root dry weight in comparison with controls. The inoculated plants had increased essential oil yield (without alteration of essential oil composition) and biosynthesis of major essential oil components. Native strains of P. putida and other PGPR have clear potential as bio‐inoculants for improving productivity of aromatic crop plants. There have been no comparative studies on the role of inoculation with native strains on plant growth and secondary metabolite production (specially monoterpenes). Native bacterial isolates are generally preferable for inoculation of crop plants because they are already adapted to the environment and have a competitive advantage over non‐native strains.
Maternal Discipline and Children's Adjustment: The Role of the Cultural and Situational Context
Authors: Davidov Maayan , Atzaba‐Poria Naama 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis study examined how the cultural and situational contexts can jointly shape the consequences of discipline strategies. Israeli mothers who grew up in Israel or in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) (overall N = 110) reported regarding their use of psychologically controlling and punitive discipline with their seven‐years‐old to 10‐years‐old children, and teachers reported regarding children's behavior problems. We assessed both mothers' overall general use of the discipline strategies, and their use of the same strategies following transgressions in the academic domain, an area which the two groups emphasize to differing degrees. Consistent with hypothesis, controlling discipline in academic situations had more positive consequences in the FSU group compared with the Israeli‐origin group. In contrast, and as predicted, cultural group was not a moderator of mothers' overall, general use of the same discipline strategies. The findings illustrate how taking the situation into account can inform examination of the moderating role of cultural group.
Tracking the Genomic Evolution of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma through Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Murugaesu Nirupa , Wilson Gareth A. , Birkbak Nicolai J. , Watkins Thomas B.K. , McGranahan Nicholas , Kumar Sacheen , Abbassi-Ghadi Nima , Salm Max , Mitter Richard , Horswell Stuart , Rowan Andrew , Phillimore Benjamin , Biggs Jennifer , Begum Sharmin , Matthews Nik , Hochhauser Daniel , Hanna George B. , Swanton Charles 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinomas are associated with a dismal prognosis. Deciphering the evolutionary history of this disease may shed light on therapeutically tractable targets and reveal dynamic mutational processes during the disease course and following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We exome sequenced 40 tumor regions from 8 patients with operable esophageal adenocarcinomas, before and after platinum-containing NAC. This revealed the evolutionary genomic landscape of esophageal adenocarcinomas with the presence of heterogeneous driver mutations, parallel evolution, early genome-doubling events, and an association between high intratumor heterogeneity and poor response to NAC. Multiregion sequencing demonstrated a significant reduction in thymine to guanine mutations within a CpTpT context when comparing early and late mutational processes and the presence of a platinum signature with enrichment of cytosine to adenine mutations within a CpC context following NAC. Esophageal adenocarcinomas are characterized by early chromosomal instability leading to amplifications containing targetable oncogenes persisting through chemotherapy, providing a rationale for future therapeutic approaches.
Significance: This work illustrates dynamic mutational processes occurring during esophageal adenocarcinoma evolution and following selective pressures of platinum exposure, emphasizing the iatrogenic impact of therapy on cancer evolution. Identification of amplifications encoding targetable oncogenes maintained through NAC suggests the presence of stable vulnerabilities, unimpeded by cytotoxics, suitable for therapeutic intervention. Cancer Discov; 5(8); 821–31. ©2015 AACR.
See related commentary by Devarakonda and Govindan, p. 796.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 783
Explaining Adolescents’ Delinquency and Substance Use
Authors: Dijkstra Jan Kornelis , Kretschmer Tina , Pattiselanno Kim , Franken Aart , Harakeh Zeena , Vollebergh Wilma , Veenstra René 
Published: May 2015

Objectives: One explanation for the increase in delinquency in adolescence is that young people are trapped in the so-called maturity gap: the discrepancy between biological and social maturation, which motivates them to engage in delinquency as a temporary means to bridge this gap by emphasizing their maturity. In the current study, we investigated to what extent the discrepancy between pubertal status (i.e., biological maturation) and autonomy in decision making (i.e., social maturation) is related to conflict with parents, which in turn predicts increasing levels of delinquency as well as substance use. Methods: Hypotheses were tested by means of path models in a longitudinal sample of adolescent boys and girls ( N = 1,844; M age 13.02) from the Social Network Analyses of Risk behaviors in Early adolescence (SNARE) study using a one-year time interval. Results: Results indicate that biological maturation in interaction with social maturation predict conflict with parents, which in turn was related to higher levels of delinquency and substance use over time. No gender differences were found. Conclusions: These findings reveal that conflict with parents is an important mechanism, linking the interplay of biological and social maturation with delinquency and substance use in early adolescence for boys and girls.
Ethnic identity: a theoretical framework
Authors: Epstein Gil S , Heizler Odelia 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe present a basic theoretical framework of ethnic identity, i.e., the level of immigrant's commitment to his or her host society as well as the immigrant's commitment to his or her home society. Our model can explain the emerging empirical literature which studies the effect of the immigrants' characteristics, such as age, gender, education, religion, age at arrival, stock of immigrants in the host country, etc., on their ethnic identity (such as theEthnosizer). In addition, this paper can be used as a basis for future empirical and theoretical research on this topic.JEL classification:F22, J15, Z13.
A parallel finite-element time-domain method for transient electromagnetic simulation
Authors: Fu Haohuan , Wang Yingqiao , Um Evan Schankee , Fang Jiarui , Wei Tengpeng , Huang Xiaomeng , Yang Guangwen 
Published: May 2015

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been widely used to perform transient electromagnetic simulation. Compared to the traditional FDTD method, the finite-element time-domain (FETD) method with unstructured meshes and an adaptive time-stepping scheme has the potential to dramatically cut down the number of unknowns and the number of time steps. However, with a need to solve a large-scale unstructured sparse matrix at every time step, the FETD method is generally difficult to scale with the available parallel computing resources. To make efficient use of the multicore resources in current computing platforms, we designed a parallel FETD method that used multiple threads to accelerate the key steps for solving a large sparse matrix, including the construction of the preconditioner and matrix-vector multiplication. Using a customized incomplete Cholesky preconditioner, we achieved faster convergence than many existing preconditioners and a scalable parallel performance over multiple cores. To further reduce the total calculation time, we implemented an overlapping scheme and a preconditioner-reusing scheme. The overlapping scheme executed the solver computation and the preconditioner computation concurrently using different parts of the parallel resources. The preconditioner reusing scheme reduced the need to recompute preconditioners when increasing the time-step size, thus reducing the frequency of the less scalable preconditioner computations. It brought performance benefits by reducing the frequency of less scalable preconditioner computation. Computed parallel FETD results showed the same level of accuracy as FDTD results. In terms of parallel performance, using eight cores, the method cut execution time by a factor of 4 (i.e., 50 parallel efficiency). For a realistic salt model, we simulated TEM responses from 0.01 s to 30 s in 5 min, using hundreds of CPU cores.
DNA Interactions and Cytotoxicity of the Aryls-Vertexed Zinc(II) Thiosemicarbazone Complex
Authors: Vikneswaran Rajamuthy , Eltayeb Naser Eltaher , Ramesh Subramaniam , Yahya Rosiyah 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A new mononuclear zinc complex of N-phenyl-substituted thiophene thiosemicarbazone ligand [Zn(Httsc-N-Ph)2] was synthesized and characterized, and investigated as nuclease mimic. As compared to carboplatin, a much greater activity against HeLa cells is exhibited by [Zn(Httsc-N-Ph)2] which binds to DNA through an intercalation mechanism.
Z-scheme Water Splitting into H2 and O2 Using Tungstic Acid as an Oxygen-evolving Photocatalyst under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Suzuki Hajime , Tomita Osamu , Higashi Masanobu , Abe Ryu 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Tungstic acid (H2WO4) was first revealed to function as a stable and efficient photocatalyst for water oxidation in the presence of Fe3+ as an electron acceptor by utilizing a wider range of visible light compared to the conventional WO3 photocatalyst. Simultaneous evolution of H2 and O2 was demonstrated by combining the H2WO4 photocatalyst with an appropriate H2-evolving photocatalyst in the presence of Fe3+/Fe2+ electron mediator.
Quinoxalineimide as a Novel Electron-accepting Building Block for Organic Optoelectronics
Authors: Hasegawa Tsukasa , Aoyagi Koutarou , Ashizawa Minoru , Konosu Yuichi , Kawauchi Susumu , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Matsumoto Hidetoshi 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Organic semiconductors with a donor–acceptor–donor architecture based on the novel acceptor unit of quinoxalineimide (QI) were designed and synthesized. They absorbed wider wavelength light compared to PC61BM, and functioned as acceptor materials for solution-processed bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices. In addition, the relatively shallow LUMO levels, due to the electron-withdrawing pyrazine and imide groups of the QI unit, resulted in a high open-circuit voltage of the devices.
Large-Scale Blasts Seismic Load on Natural and Technical Objects
Authors: Сясько  , Syasko A. , Гриб  , Grib G. , Гриб  , Grib Nikolay , Качаев  , Kachaev A. 
Published: May 2015

Seismic safety of large-scale blasts is one of the most important geoecological aspects of open-cut mining. Seismic load of largescale
blasts which defines integrity of industrial and residential objects is of special interest. The work represents evaluation of
negative seismic impact of large-scale blasts at «Neryungrinskiy» open-cut on the natural and technical systems located in the
blasting zone. The main characteristic of evaluated seismic load of explosion wave damaging natural and technical constructions
is the maximal value of vectorial velocity of earth movement during large-scale blasts. Determination of permissible speed
fluctuation included its frequency content, as waves of different frequency with equal values of drift velocity are dangerous to
various extents. Peculiarities of vibrational frequency of the constructions caused by seismic load of the blasts and self-induced
vibrations were taken into account while evaluating seismic load. Considering spectral content of the vibrations caused by the
blasts and self-induced vibrations values of gas containers and constructions of compressor station, it’s necessary to point out
that the frequencies differ for 1,5—2 times and this is the favourable factor because of impossibility of resonant phenomena
occurrence. Determination of permissible velocity included swinging of the building. Swinging is understood as ratio of maximal
shift of the measured at the top points of the constructions to maximal shift of the foundation ground. According to the results of
direct measurement, swinging does not exceed 1,5 times that’s why it is possible to found on prevailing values of ratios, calculated
by means of experimental way as statistically explained. The permissible velocity should be accepted as Uperm — 1,25 cm/s. for
the objects. By “swing” we understand the correlation of maximum offset measured on top of construction to maximum offset of
subfoundation. According to direct measurements offset rate stays below 1,5, therefore we can rely on prevailing experimentally
obtained value of correlations and set allowable speed to Ual = 1,25 sm/s.
Using multi-objective optimization to design parameters in electro-discharge machining by wire
Authors: Ochoa Carlos Alberto , Margain Lourdes Yolanda , Ornelas Francisco Javier , Jiménez Sandra Guadalupe , Padilla Teresa Guadalupe 
Published: May 2015

The following paper describes the main objective to follow the methodology used and proposed to obtain the optimal values of WEDM process operation on the machine Robofil 310 by robust parameter design (RPD) of Dr. G. Taguichi [TAGUCHI, G. 1993], through controllable factors which result in more inferences regarding the problem to noise signal (S / N), which for this study is the variability of the hardness of samples from 6061, also studied the behaviour of the output parameters as the material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra), subsequently took the RPD orthogonal array and characterized the individuals in the population, each optimal value is a gene and each possible solution is a chromosome, used multi-objective optimization using Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm to cross and mutate this population to generate better results MRR and Ra.
Estudo sobre um parâmetro de tarefa e um parâmetro amostral para experimentos com julgamentos de aceitabilidade temporalizados
Authors: Souza Ricardo Augusto de , Oliveira Cândido Samuel Fonseca de , Silva Jesiel Soares , Penzin Alberto Gallo Araújo , Santos Alexandre Alves 
Published: May 2015

Resumo: A tarefa de julgamento de aceitabilidade de sentenças temporalizadas é uma das técnicas de eliciação de julgamentos na qual se impõem restrições temporais aos juízes. Propõe-se que essa técnica proporciona observações mais fidedignas de conhecimento implícito e processos automatizados. Este estudo explora a definição de tetos temporais mínimos para a execução dessa tarefa por falantes nativos das línguas dos estímulos, assim como avalia o impacto do recrutamento de amostras de conveniência, formadas por participantes com treinamento em estudos de linguagem, sobre esse tipo de experimento. Os resultados indicam não haver impacto crítico dessa forma de amostragem de conveniência, e que efeitos de gramaticalidade são detectáveis com janelas temporais de 4 segundos para cada sentença.Palavras-chave: Aceitabilidade; Gramaticalidade; Julgamentos temporalizados; Amostragem de conveniência.Abstract: The speeded sentence acceptability judgment task is a technique for the elicitation of judgments in which temporal constraints are imposed on judges. It is suggested that such technique provides more reliable observations of implicit knowledge and automatic processes. This study explored the setting of minimal temporal ceilings for performance in the speeded acceptability judgment task by native speakers of the stimuli languages, and it also assessed the impact of convenience sampling where participants with language studies backgrounds are recruited. The results show that there is no critical impact of this kind of convenience sampling, and they also show that grammaticality effects are detectable within a time window of 4 seconds per sentence.Keywords: Acceptability; Grammaticality; Speeded Judgments; Convenience Sampling.
Chief Complaint
Authors: Pasqua Melissa Rosina 
Published: May 2015

In the case-based learning sessions of pre-clerkship at the University of Ottawa, students are presented with a patient’s chief complaint in a module that is clear-cut and objective. The cases are often optimistic, in a way that can be sometimes statistically rare, but once in a while the patient passes away, leaving students disappointed as they close their laptops and leave the room. In real life, exposure to a patient’s triumphs and tribulations may be only 15 minutes long, but for the patient and their family, cancer represents a man who is in constant fear of a group of cells spreading to a vital organ and killing him, or a father who will never see his grandchildren, or a wife whose absence leaves a sting to everyday life. This poem was an attempt to give a voice to the patient outside the constraints of the module, and to give life to a scenario that is greyer than the black and white typed notes make it out to be.
Comparing Predictive power of CT-scan Findings among the Malignant Hepatic Mass patients
Authors: Begum Wahida , Hossain Ahmed , Jahan Waziha A , Shirin Mahbuba , Yusuf M Abdullah , Nahar Aftabun 
Published: May 2015

Background: CT-scan is useful for the detection of hepatic mass. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the predictive values of CT scan in the diagnosis of malignant hepatic mass. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Radiology and Imaging at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka and Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka during the period of 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2007. Patients admitted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Hepatobiliary of MMCH, BSMMU, and DMCH with the clinical diagnosis of fever, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea/vomiting, loss of appetite, jaundice, weight loss and ascites were selected as study population. CT scan and histopathology were performed to all the patients. Result: A total number of 50 patients were recruited for this study.. The sensitivity for multiplicity was 71.4%, specificity was 63.6%, accuracy was 68%, PPV was 71.4% and NPV was 63.6%. The sensitivity for hypodensity as a sign of malignancy was 60.7%, specificity was 18.2%, accuracy was 42.0%, PPV was 48.6% and NPV was 26.7%. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of contrast enhancement were 100.0%, 22.7%, 62.2%, 100.0% and 66.0% respectively. Again the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of detection of pressure effect on biliary apparatus by CT-scan were 100.0%, 22.7%, 62.2%, 100.0% and 66.0% respectively. Again the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of detection of Lymphadenopathy by CT-scan were 35.7%, 95.5%, 90.9%, 53.8% and 62.0% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of detection of Portal vein invasion by CT-scan were 14.3%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 47.8% and 52.0% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of detection of hepatic vein invasion by CT-scan were 10.7%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 46.8% and 50.0% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of detection of inferior vena cava (IVC) invasion by CT-scan were 7.1%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 45.8% and 48.0% respectively. Conclusion: CT is a useful diagnostic tool for the detection of malignant hepatic masses.Journal of Science Foundation, 2014;12(1):2-6