bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a dog
Authors: Nakamura Reid K. , Zuckerman Ilana C. , Yuhas Danielle L. , Fenty Renee K. , Bianco Domenico 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a clinical case of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a dog.Case SummaryAn 11‐month‐old, 2.37 kg female spayed Chihuahua was referred for management post CPR after suffering cardiopulmonary arrest. Postresuscitation a gallop rhythm was identified and an echocardiogram revealed severe left ventricular dilation and severely impaired myocardial contractility with a mild eccentric jet of mitral regurgitation on color Doppler interrogation. The primary differentials were idiopathic or nutritional dilated cardiomyopathy, end‐stage myocarditis, or postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction. Echocardiogram was repeated 48 hours later and showed normal left ventricular dimensions and contractility assessed as consistent with postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction.New or Unique Information ProvidedPostresuscitation myocardial dysfunction is a common complication of CPR in human medicine and is associated with a worse outcome. This is the first clinical report of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a dog.
Ventral Surgical Approach to the Lumbosacral Joint in the Dog
Authors: O'Riordan Jerry , Moissonnier Pierre H. M. , Kirby Barbara M. 
Published: December 2012

ObjectiveTo describe a ventral surgical approach to the lumbosacral (LS) junction, access to L7 and S1, and access to the LS disc.Study DesignCadaveric descriptive study.AnimalsCanine cadavers (n = 6).MethodsA ventral surgical approach to the LS junction was made and local anatomic structures documented. Accessible ventral L7 and S1 vertebral bodies and LS disc were marked with India ink. Total and marked surface areas were calculated. The potential for bicortical and unicortical implant placement was determined in transverse slices of L7 and S1. Exposed ventral disc annulus relative to vertebral canal diameters were measured.ResultsPortions of L7 and S1 were accessible in all dogs, but shape and dimensions varied. Ventral access for implant placement was available in both L7 and S1 in every dog. The median sacral artery and vein were in contact with the ventral LS disc annulus in every dog. Accessible ventral annulus were greater than vertebral canal in all dogs.ConclusionsVentral approach to the LS junction is possible, with LS discectomy, and implant placement in L7 and S1 vertebral bodies possible from this approach. Injury to, or sacrifice of, the median sacral artery and/or vein may occur in this approach.
Evaluation of Topical Epidural Analgesia Delivered in Gelfoam for Postoperative Hemilaminectomy Pain Control
Authors: Barker Jessica R. , Clark‐Price Stuart C. , Gordon‐Evans Wanda J. 
Published: December 2012

ObjectiveTo evaluate efficacy of a topical epidural analgesia used alone, or in combination with hydromorphone, against a standard pain protocol for the 48 hours immediately after hemilaminectomy.Study DesignRandomized, blinded, controlled, clinical trial.AnimalsDogs (n = 30) with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease treated with hemilaminectomy.MethodsDogs were randomly divided into 3 groups: group 1 received intermittent hydromorphone postoperatively, group 2 received a topical epidural of preservative‐free morphine and dexmedetomidine administered via gel foam, group 3 received both forms of analgesia. All dogs were monitored and assessed for pain for 48 hours immediately postoperatively. Data were analyzed using MANOVA and Wilcoxon Rank Sum Tests.ResultsThere was a significant temporal difference in treatment groups 1 and 3 when using a 0–10 pain scale (MANOVA, P = .02). There was also a significant difference at the 48th hour postoperatively between groups 1 and 3 (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test).ConclusionTopical epidural of preservative‐free morphine and dexmedetomidine administered via gelfoam is not sufficient analgesia alone post hemilaminectomy but in conjunction with other opioid administration may lead to superior pain relief.
Minority Football Coaches’ Diminished Careers: Why is the “Pipeline” Clogged?
Authors: Bozeman Barry , Fay Daniel 
Published: December 2012

ObjectivesResearch on minority representation and career trajectories in higher education represents a substantial body of evidence in the field; however, the empirical evidence fails to address a crucial area: intercollegiate athletics. This study aims to address the gap in the empirical work and study the career trajectories and representation of African‐Americans and Latinos in NCAA FBS football coaching positions.MethodsA pipeline argument is often utilized to explain the underrepresentation of minorities in certain careers and industries. This pipeline argument is erroneous in this instance because of the number of minority players in college football that make up the “future coach career pool.” We develop a position hierarchy in which previous assistant coaching positions are seen as stepping stones to an ultimate head coaching position.ResultsWe find that white and minorities coaches have different career trajectories and position hierarchies that ultimately lead to the underrepresentation of minorities at the head coaching ranks.ConclusionsEvidence suggests sharp differences in the likelihood of certain player positions and, in turn (and likely related), certain coaching positions to achieving head coach. The career utility hierarchy developed here seems to have some validity and, most important for present purposes, shows some considerable difference in the career stepping stones of, respectively, whites and minorities.
Clinical approach in familial hypophosphatemic rickets: report of three generations
Authors: Soares Eduardo Costa Studart , Costa Fábio Wildson Gurgel , Ribeiro Thyciana Rodrigues , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes , Fonteles Cristiane Sá Roriz 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTFamilial hypophosphatemic rickets is a hereditary disease characterized by the involvement of several family members, transmitted in most cases as an X‐linked dominant trait. Oral manifestations can be the first evidences for an adequate and early diagnosis of X‐linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR). The present report describes the main systemic manifestations, oral findings and dental management in three generations of an affected family. Oral exams, laboratorial and histologic evaluations, cone‐beam computed tomographies, panoramic and periapical radiographs were performed to properly institute the most adequate treatment strategy. The knowledge of clinical signs and symptoms of XLHR is essential for the correct diagnosis of this disease, and for the establishment of preventive and comprehensive dental care.
Oral hygiene and associated factors among frail older assisted living residents
Authors: Saarela Riitta KT. , Soini Helena , Muurinen Seija , Suominen Merja H. , Pitkälä Kaisu H. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine the associations of older assisted living residents’ tooth brushing habits with health and nutritional status. We assessed the tooth brushing habits, nutritional status, oral health, use of dental services, and morbidity of 1,447 assisted living residents in the Helsinki metropolitan area of Finland. Of the residents, 17% did not clean or had not cleaned their teeth and/or dentures daily. Those not cleaning their teeth and/or dentures daily were more often male, less educated and had a mean length of stay in assisted living longer than those who cleaned their teeth and/or dentures daily. They were more often malnourished and dependent in ADLs. In addition they more often had poorer oral health and used fewer dental services. Poor tooth brushing habits indicate poor oral and subjective health. More attention should focus on the oral hygiene of frail older assisted living residents.
L'engagement civique local : de l'incantation générique à la valorisation segmentée
Authors: Divay Gérard 
Published: December 2012

SommaireL'engagement civique local connaît un regain d'actualité qui s'explique par l'évolution du rôle des municipalités dans l'ensemble de l'action étatique et de ses conséquences sur l'exercice de la citoyenneté locale. L'intensification de l'engagement civique est bénéfique autant pour la démocratie locale que pour la gouvernance locale, tout en accentuant les tensions entre les deux. Si l'on veut stimuler l'engagement civique, encore faut‐il l'appréhender dans toutes ses dimensions, alors qu'il est souvent réduit à la participation formelle aux processus décisionnels. Afin de prendre en compte toutes ses dimensions, cet article propose une typologie des rôles que jouent les citoyens dans leur collectivité locale. Cette typologie opère une segmentation substantive du statut de citoyen local qui permet de repérer les multiples manifestations de l'engagement et de toutes les valoriser. Elle jette aussi un éclairage sur les défis spécifiques d'un management local qui se centrerait moins sur ce que fait l'administration et davantage sur ce qu'apportent les citoyens, engagés à divers titres et niveaux.
Food consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in European children: the IDEFICS study
Authors: Bel‐Serrat S. , Mouratidou T. , Börnhorst C. , Peplies J. , De Henauw S. , Marild S. , Molnár D. , Siani A. , Tornaritis M. , Veidebaum T. , Krogh V. , Moreno L. A. 
Published: December 2012

SummaryWhat is already known about this subject
Few studies addressing the relationship between food consumption and cardiovascular disease or metabolic risk have been conducted in children. Previous findings have indicated greater metabolic risk in children with high intakes of solid hydrogenated fat and white bread, and low consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy products.
What this study adds
In a large multinational sample of 2 to 9 years old children, high consumption of sweetened beverages and low intake of nuts and seeds, sweets, breakfast cereals, jam and honey and chocolate and nut‐based spreads were directly associated with increased clustered cardiovascular disease risk. These findings add new evidence to the limited literature available in young populations on the role that diet may play on cardiovascular health.
ObjectiveTo investigate food consumption in relation to clustered cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.MethodsChildren (n = 5548, 51.6% boys) from eight European countries participated in the IDEFICS study baseline survey (2007–2008). Z‐scores of individual CVD risk factors were summed to compute sex‐ and age‐specific (2–<6 years/6–9 years) clustered CVD risk scores A (all components, except cardiorespiratory fitness) and B (all components). The association of clustered CVD risk and tertiles of food group consumption was examined.ResultsOdds ratio (OR) of having clustered CVD risk A increased in older children with higher consumption of chocolate and nut‐based spreads (boys: OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.32–0.69; girls: OR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.42–0.86), jam and honey (girls: OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.26–0.78) and sweets (boys: OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.48–0.98). OR of being at risk significantly increased with the highest consumption of soft drinks (younger boys) and manufactured juices (older girls). Concerning CVD risk score B, older boys and girls in the highest tertile of consumption of breakfast cereals were 0.41 (95% CI = 0.21–0.79) and 0.45 (95% CI = 0.22–0.93) times, respectively, less likely to be at risk than those in tertile 1.ConclusionsHigh consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and low intake of breakfast cereals, jam and honey, sweets and chocolate and nut‐based spreads seem to adversely affect clustered CVD risk.
Infrared to Visible Up‐Conversion Emission in Er3+/Yb3+ Codoped Fluoro–Phosphate Glass–Ceramics
Authors: Ledemi Yannick , Amraoui Mohammed El , Ferrari Jefferson L. , Fortin Pier‐Luc , Ribeiro Sidney J.L. , Messaddeq Younès 
Published: December 2012

Erbium Er3+ and ytterbium Yb3+ codoped fluoro‐phosphate glasses belonging to the system NaPO3–YF3–BaF2–CaF2 have been prepared by the classical melt‐quenching technique. Glasses containing up to 10 wt% of erbium and ytterbium fluorides have been obtained and characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV–visible and near‐infrared spectroscopy. Transparent and homogeneous glass–ceramics have been then reproducibly synthetized by appropriate heat treatment above glass transition temperature of a selected parent glass. Structural investigations of the crystallization performed through X‐ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have evidenced the formation of fluorite‐type cubic crystals based during the devitrification process. Finally, infrared to visible up‐conversion emission upon excitation at 975 nm has been studied on the Er3+ and Yb3+ codoped glass–ceramics as a function of thermal treatment time. A large enhancement of intensity of the up‐conversion emissions–about 150 times‐ has been observed in the glass–ceramics if compared to the parent glass one, suggesting an incorporation of the rare‐earth ions (REI) into the crystalline phase.
Mechanical Characterization of Annealed ZrB2–SiC Composites
Authors: Watts Jeremy , Hilmas Greg , Fahrenholtz William G. 
Published: December 2012

Composites consisting of 70 vol% ZrB2 and 30 vol% α‐SiC particles were hot pressed to near full density and subsequently annealed at temperatures ranging from 1000°C to 2000°C. Strength, elastic modulus, and hardness were measured for as‐processed and annealed composites. Raman spectroscopy was employed to measure the thermal residual stresses within the silicon carbide (SiC) phase of the composites. Elastic modulus and hardness were unaffected by annealing conditions. Strength was not affected by annealing at 1400°C or above; however, strength increased for samples annealed below 1400°C. Annealing under uniaxial pressure was found to be more effective than annealing without applied pressure. The average strength of materials annealed at 1400°C or above was ~700 MPa, whereas that of materials annealed at 1000°C, under a 100 MPa applied pressure, averaged ~910 MPa. Raman stress measurements revealed that the distribution of stresses in the composites was altered for samples annealed below 1400°C resulting in increased strength.
The experience of fatigue in people with inflammatory bowel disease: an exploratory study
Authors: Czuber‐Dochan Wladyslawa , Dibley Lesley B. , Terry Helen , Ream Emma , Norton Christine 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAimsTo explore fatigue, the impact it has on daily life and the strategies used to ameliorate the symptom, as described by people with inflammatory bowel disease.BackgroundFatigue is the most troublesome symptom during remission of inflammatory bowel disease. Fatigue affects people's daily functioning, impacting on quality of life. There is limited understanding of the nature of and the ways fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease is experienced and managed in everyday adult life.DesignAn epistemological interpretive approach to understand participants' self‐reported experiences of disease‐related fatigue.MethodsA convenience sample of 46 participants was recruited from the Crohn's and Colitis UK member database. Five focus group interviews (November 2008–February 2009) were conducted, audio‐recorded, transcribed, and analysed using an inductive thematic framework.FindingsFive themes were identified: the experience of fatigue, causes of fatigue, managing fatigue, consequences of fatigue, and seeking support. Fatigue had a debilitating effect on the social and emotional well‐being of participants and limited their employment opportunities. People used a range of strategies to cope and reported that fatigue‐related issues seemed to be poorly understood by clinicians and were not addressed in medical consultations.ConclusionFatigue was an inextricable part of daily life for some people with inflammatory bowel disease. Specialist nurses and medical colleagues need to address the personal, social, and economic consequences of fatigue, whilst further nursing research would improve understanding of the impact of fatigue and help develop appropriate intervention strategies for people with inflammatory bowel disease.
Family Voices: Life for Family Carers of People with Intellectual Disabilities in Ireland
Authors: Chadwick Darren D. , Mannan Hasheem , Garcia Iriarte Edurne , McConkey Roy , O'Brien Patricia , Finlay Frieda , Lawlor Anne , Harrington Gerry 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundFamilies in Ireland remain the main providers of support for people with Intellectual disabilities, and the aim of this study was to map their life experiences whilst involving their family members as co‐researchers.Materials and MethodThis qualitative, participatory study involved 10 focus groups attended by 70 parents and siblings of people with intellectual disabilities. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsCaring for a family member with intellectual disabilities was found to be a dynamic and adaptive process. The well‐being of the family and the challenges they face throughout their lives was the central theme identified. This was affected by: the availability of appropriate supports for families and having to advocate for them, communication and relationships with services and professionals, the availability of information and attitudes towards disability and governmental support.ConclusionsStrategies are suggested as to how services can better support family carers in Ireland in their role. These include families being provided with flexible and timely support for families at critical times; being offered services, support, entitlements and information without having to fight for them; knowing that their family member with intellectual disabilities is well cared for, listened to and provided with opportunities to develop and be part of the community; and carers being shown respect, listened to and involved in decisions.
Increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin after long‐term treatment with azathioprine in patients with auto‐immune inflammatory rheumatic diseases
Authors: van den Reek J.M.P.A. , van Lümig P.P.M. , Janssen M. , Schers H.J. , Hendriks J.C.M. , van de Kerkhof P.C.M. , Seyger M.M.B. , de Jong E.M.G.J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackground  Auto‐immune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRD) are often successfully treated with the immunosuppressant azathioprine for years. Treatment with azathioprine has been proven to increase the risk of non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in transplant patients and possibly in patients with inflammatory bowel disease as well. Little is known about the risk of NMSC in AIRD patients treated with azathioprine.Objectives  The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of NMSC in patients with AIRD treated with azathioprine for at least 1 year, as compared with the general Dutch population.Methods  Data were extracted from a historical cohort of patients with AIRD in a tertiary care centre. We compared the incidence to an age‐matched control population and analysed risk factors for NMSC with univariate logistic regression.Results  Fifty‐nine patients were analysed. No patients were diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma and four patients with a single squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Patients with SCC had a higher cumulative dose of azathioprine (≥500 g: OR 30.0 [95% CI 2.6–345.1]) and longer treatment duration (≥11 years: OR 13.5 [95% CI 1.3–143.6]). The risk of SCC compared with the general Dutch population was increased (standardized incidence ratio of 16.0 [95% CI 0.3–31.7]).Conclusions  In this cohort of patients with AIRD treated with azathioprine for at least 1 year, the risk of SCC was increased, as compared with the general population. An individual cumulative dose of at least 500 g azathioprine and a treatment duration of at least 11 years were quantified as risk factors.
New insights into the aetiology of scrotal cancer, a nationwide case‐control study in the Netherlands
Authors: Verhoeven R.H.A. , Aben K.K.H. , van Rossum M.M. , Reedijk A.M. , Botterweck A.A. , Veerbeek L. , Visser O. , van der Aa M.A. , Ho V.K.Y. , Coebergh J.W.W. , Kiemeney L.A.L.M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackground  Although scrotal cancer is traditionally regarded as an occupational disease, there is increasing evidence that factors which are involved in cutaneous and genital carcinogenesis might play a role in the carcinogenesis of scrotal cancer.Objective  This exploratory study aimed to detect exposures that might have an aetiological relation with scrotal cancer.Methods  A nationwide population‐based case‐control study was conducted in the Netherlands. The patients were identified through the Netherlands cancer registry. Controls were recruited among acquaintances of the cancer registry registrars. The participants completed a questionnaire that included questions on occupational exposures, naked sunbathing, use of sunbeds, skin diseases and their treatments, treatments for cancer and sexually transmitted diseases. Age‐adjusted odds‐ratios (ORs) were calculated.Results  Forty‐seven scrotal cancer patients and 125 controls completed the questionnaire. The patients were categorized according to histology of the scrotal tumours. Having had a skin disease (OR = 6.3, 95% CI = 1.8–22), especially psoriasis (OR = 8.7), increased the risk of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the scrotum. A previous cancer diagnosis may affect the risk of scrotal basal cell carcinomas (BCC; OR = 4.9, 95% CI = 0.9–27.3). Furthermore, an association between the number of sexual partners and the occurrence of scrotal sarcoma was found.Conclusion  Scrotal SCCs may be related with skin diseases or skin disease treatments. Having had cancer may be a risk factor for a BCC of the scrotum. Scrotal sarcomas seem to be correlated with the number of sexual partners. This study suggests that scrotal cancer has characteristics of both cutaneous and genital carcinogenesis.
Risk factors for gingivitis in a group of Brazilian schoolchildren
Authors: Chiapinotto Fabiana Amaral , Vargas‐Ferreira Fabiana , Demarco Flávio Fernando , Corrêa Fernanda Oliveira Bello , Masotti Alexandre Severo 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveStudies on gingivitis in children and adolescents are scarce and the results are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and extension of gingivitis and associated factors in Brazilian schoolchildren.MethodsCross‐sectional data from 1,211 schoolchildren 8 to 12 years old from Southern Brazil in 20 public and private schools were analyzed. Socioeconomic, demographic, and oral hygiene habits were assessed by questionnaires answered by parents and children. Buccal examination assessed presence of plaque, crowding, and gingivitis. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression [prevalence ratio (PR); 95% confidence interval (CI)].ResultsPrevalence of visible plaque was 89.7% (95% CI 88.0‐91.3) and gingival bleeding on probing was 78.4% (95% CI 76.1‐81.0). The mean and median numbers of sites with gingival bleeding were 3.10 and 2 (SD ± 3.22), respectively. In multivariate adjusted analysis, the presence of a greater number of sites with plaque was significantly associated with gingivitis (PR 1.26; 95% CI 1.07‐1.47) and its extension (PR 1.96; 95% CI 1.53‐2.51). Lighter‐skinned black children had a lower probability of having severe gingivitis (PR 0.69; 95% CI 0.48‐0.98) compared with white children. This association was observed after adjusting for other variables.ConclusionsGingivitis was associated with higher number of sites with plaque and with skin color, reflecting the influence of biological and demographic factors on this oral condition.