bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of temperature and low strain rate on tensile performance of aramid fiber bundle
Authors: Wang Haiwen , Gao Wenbo , Zhou Xinwei , Ren Peng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this research, the effects of ultimate strain rate and environmental temperature on the mechanical performance of the aramid fiber bundles were experimentally investigated. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to detect the tensile failure mechanism of the aramid fiber bundle. The results indicated that the tensile strength, failure strain, elastic modulus, and toughness of the aramid fiber bundle were sensitive to the strain rate, which was represented as the typical bilinear monotonic relationships. In contrast, the impact of environmental temperature on the four parameters of aramid fiber bundle was more complex. The ultimate strength, failure strain and toughness of aramid fiber bundle increased with the temperature changing from −60 to 30°C, but rapidly decreased from 30 to 90°C. Finally, the dispersion of the mechanical performance was quantitatively analyzed based on the scale and shape parameters obtained from Weibull model.Highlights
Tensile tests for aramid fiber bundle under different strain rates and temperatures were conducted.
Strain rate and temperature effects on tensile properties of fiber bundle were quantified.
Tensile failure mechanism of fiber bundle was analyzed.
Dispersion of the mechanical performance was quantitatively analyzed.
Hydrophobic or hydrophilic microhelices: Crafting surfaces with electrospun magnetic polystyrene fiber and an innovative top‐down technique
Authors: Mohan Aakanksha , Ramanan Sutapa Roy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMicrohelices are important structures capable of overcoming low Reynolds number limitations and can be used in various applications. The fabrication of such microhelices is a challenge as existing fabrication techniques are restrictive in material choices and require sophisticated equipment. In this work, we demonstrate a simple top‐down approach to fabricate microhelical structures using surface modification of helical electrospun fibers to produce both hydrophilic, silica‐coated (Si‐HMPF), and hydrophobic, caramel sol‐based (Ca‐HMPF) magnetic microhelices post‐modification. The glassy coating obtained on the surface in both cases facilitated obtaining magnetic microhelices via mechanical fracture of the fibers by grinding at room temperature. SEM images of the samples confirm the successful fabrication of microhelical structures which resemble the popular microswimmer morphology. The FTIR and VSM characterization were performed to study the functional groups present and the magnetic nature of the fabricated microhelices. The thermal stability of the samples was investigated using DSC and TGA studies. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic magnetic microhelices were successfully fabricated through a simple sol‐based coating technique and confirmed by a wettability study.Highlights
Helical microstructures are an important classification of micro/nanomaterial synthesis.
A simple method for the fabrication of magnetic polymeric microhelices is proposed and discussed in detail.
The current challenges in fabricating such structures are discussed.
The advantages of using a simple surface modification technique is summarized.
Thirty‐day risk of digoxin toxicity among older adults co‐prescribed trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole versus amoxicillin: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Muanda Flory T. , Weir Matthew A. , Ahmadi Fatemeh , McArthur Eric , Sontrop Jessica M. , Abdullah Sheikh S. , Urquhart Brad L. , Sadeghi Hasti , Kim Richard B. , Garg Amit X. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImportanceTrimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP‐SMX) may increase digoxin concentration, a medication with a narrow therapeutic index. Small changes in digoxin concentration could predispose individuals to the risk of toxicity.ObjectiveTo characterize the risk of digoxin toxicity in older adults taking digoxin following co‐prescription of TMP‐SMX compared with co‐prescription of amoxicillin.Design, Settings, and ParticipantsRetrospective population‐based cohort study in Ontario, Canada (2002–2020) using linked health care data. Participants comprised 47,961 older adults taking digoxin (58% women; median age 80 years [interquartile range 74–86]) who were newly treated with TMP‐SMX (n = 10,273) compared with those newly treated with amoxicillin (n = 37,688).ExposureCo‐prescription of TMP‐SMX versus amoxicillin in older adults concurrently taking digoxin.Main Outcome and MeasureThe primary outcome was a hospital encounter (i.e., hospital admission or emergency department visit) with digoxin toxicity within 30 days of the antibiotic prescription. Inverse probability of treatment weighting on the propensity score was used to balance comparison groups on indicators of baseline health. Weighted risk ratios (RR) were obtained using modified Poisson regression and weighted risk differences (RD) using binomial regression. The number needed to harm (NNH) was calculated as 1/RD.ResultsA hospital encounter with digoxin toxicity occurred in 49/10,273 (0.48%) patients treated with TMP‐SMX versus 32/37,688 (0.08%) in those treated with amoxicillin (weighted RR, 5.71 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.19 to 10.24]; weighted RD, 0.39% [95% CI, 0.25% to 0.53%]; NNH 256 [95% CI, 233 to 400]).Conclusion and RelevanceIn older adults taking digoxin, the 30‐day risk of a hospital encounter with digoxin toxicity was nearly 6 times higher in those co‐prescribed TMP‐SMX versus amoxicillin, although the absolute risk difference was low (0.4%). Physicians should prescribe an alternative antibiotic when clinically appropriate. If TMP‐SMX must be co‐prescribed with digoxin (if the benefit is believed to outweigh the risk), digoxin should be dose‐reduced on an individual basis.
Using the universal design for learning framework to improve child and adolescent mental health
Authors: Pereira Liane C. , Ith Deborah A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPoor mental health in childhood and adolescence has a significant impact on both physical and mental health throughout life. However, growing evidence suggests that current levels of child and adolescent mental health (CAMH) care are insufficient to meet the needs of many children and adolescents in the United States as evidenced by increasing rates of mental health problems, inequities in diagnosis, and inaccessibility of services. This article provides a discussion of current problems in CAMH and school mental health services and emphasizes a developmental perspective of CAMH, including the co‐occurrence of school difficulties and mental health concerns. A universal design for learning framework for school‐wide mental health programs is suggested as a means of addressing barriers to care and promoting prevention and early intervention in CAMH.
Navigating academia: Designing and evaluating a multidimensional recommendation system for university and major selection
Authors: Somyürek Sibel , Aksoy Nevcan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSelecting the right academic major significantly shapes an individual's future career path, making it a longstanding focus of research. The shift to online platforms, accelerated by the challenges posed by the coronavirus pandemic, has transformed counseling and guidance systems. Consequently, developing robust online support systems has become imperative for extending guidance to all students. This article introduces the design, development, and evaluation of “My Future Career,” a multidimensional recommendation system (RS) crafted to aid students in navigating university and academic major selection decisions. The system relies on three key student‐driven parameters: central university entrance exam scores, rankings, and occupational personality types, utilizing cosine similarity and normalized distance to align user and item profiles. Following the system's completion, an assessment was conducted using data from real users, revealing an impressive accuracy (hit rate 100%, precision 88%) in recommendations following the inclusion of contextual post‐filtering features. The findings not only highlight the system's effectiveness but also underscore the positive user experience, as students express contentment with its ease of use and practical utility. The results emphasize the endorsement of expert's regarding the system's consistency (52%), relevance (96%), and acceptance (96%) in providing recommendations.
Effects of Fe and Li2MnO3‐like domains on structural stability in Co‐free Li‐rich layered oxide cathodes
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yan Mingxia , Guo Xin , Zhang Xu , Liu Jihong , Zhang Jiyang , Zhu Jiapeng , An Shengli , Jia Guixiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aggregation of Li2MnO3‐like domains in Li‐rich layered oxides (LLOs) causes severe capacity/voltage fading, which seriously impedes their commercial applications. Here, we design Co‐free Li‐rich LiFeNiMnO system with dispersed small‐sized Li2MnO3–like domains (D‐LFNMO) and aggregated Li2MnO3‐like domains (A‐LFNMO) to investigate effects of Li2MnO3‐like domain sizes and Fe content on structures and oxidation process using density function theory (DFT) calculations. De‐lithiation structures, structural stability and oxidization mechanism of lattice oxygen ions are explored. Structural stability is finished through calculating oxygen release energies and migration energy barriers of Mn4+ ions based on a climbing image nudged elastic band (CI–NEB) method. Research shows that LLOs with dispersed small‐sized Li2MnO3‐like domains and the moderate Fe content would possess highly reversible oxygen redox and excellent structural stability and would exhibit superior cycling stability of high capacity. The findings provide new perspectives and concepts for designing high‐energy Li‐rich cathodes.
High‐accuracy measurement of 36SF5+ signal using an ultrahigh‐resolution isotope ratio mass spectrometer
Authors: Sun Xiang , Tong Fengtai , Peng Yongbo , Bao Huiming 
Published: June 2024

RationaleThe Δ36S standard deviation measured in a conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometer such as MAT 253 is ca 0.1‰ to 0.3‰. At this precision, it is difficult to resolve the origin of non‐mass‐dependent sulfur isotope fractionation in tropospheric sulfate aerosol and in Martian meteorites or small deviations from the canonical mass‐dependent fractionation laws. Interfering ions with m/z at 131 of 36SF5+ are suggested by the community as the cause of the poor precision, but the exact ion species has not been identified or confirmed.MethodsHere we examined the potential interfering ions by using a Thermo Scientific ultrahigh‐resolution isotope ratio mass spectrometer to measure SF6 working gas and SF6 gases converted from IAEA‐S1/2/3 Ag2S reference materials.ResultsWe found that there are two resolvable peaks to the right of the 36SF5+ peak when a new filament was installed, which are 186WF42+ followed by 12C3F5+. However, only the 12C3F5+ interference peak was observed after more than three days of filament use. 12C3F5+ is generated inside the instrument during the ionization process. Avoiding the interfering signals, we were able to achieve a Δ36S standard deviation of 0.046‰ (n = 8) for SF6 zero‐enrichment and 0.069‰ (n = 8) for overall measurement start from silver sulfide IAEA‐S1.ConclusionsAging the filament with SF6 gas can avoid the interference of 186WF42+. Minimizing the presence of carbon‐bearing compounds and avoiding the interfering signals of 12C3F5+ from 36SF5+, we can improve Δ36S measurement accuracy and precision, which helps to open new territories for research using quadruple sulfur isotope composition.
Benzylic rearrangement for urinary analysis of guanidino and ureido compounds in cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury using high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Bai Yunpeng , Zou Yuming , Zeng Yingjia , Hu Linhui , Huang Sumei , Wu Kunyong , Yi Qingxia , Chen Jingchun , Liang Guowu , Li Yingbang , Huang Wendong , Chen Chunbo 
Published: June 2024

RationaleBecause acute kidney injury (AKI) is closely related to poor prognosis in critically ill patients, developing biomarkers for its prediction and early diagnosis is particularly important. Endogenous guanidino compounds (GCs) and ureido compounds (UCs) can participate in various biochemical processes because of their important physiological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the alteration profiles of urinary GCs/UCs as potential biomarkers in patients with cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury (CSA‐AKI) at different stages.MethodsGCs/UCs were reacted with benzil via benzylic rearrangement, and their derivatives were used to investigate fragmentation mechanisms using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in positive ion mode. Furthermore, a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–MS/MS method was developed to measure the concentrations of GCs/UCs in urine samples taken from patients with CSA‐AKI at different time points.ResultsMS/MS analysis in positive ion mode showed that benzylic GCs/UCs exhibited similar fragmentation processes, which could produce the characteristic ion (C13H12N+) at m/z 182.0. Furthermore, an obviously different fragmentation pattern of benzylic UCs in the positive ion mode might be due to the neutral loss of the H2CO2 group under low collision energy. Of the eight selected GCs/UCs, methylguanidine exhibited significantly increased concentrations in urine when CSA‐AKI occurred, whereas guanidinoethyl sulfonate (GDS), homoarginine (HArg) and homocitrulline (HCit) exhibited decreased concentrations. After recovery from AKI, the urinary concentrations of the aforementioned GCs/UCs returned to normal. Some of the aforementioned metabolites with significant changes (GDS, HArg and HCit) had large areas under the curve in the receiver operating characteristic curve for distinguishing AKI stages on the third day after surgery.ConclusionsIn patients with CSA‐AKI, urinary GCs/UCs were significantly disrupted due to injured kidney, and some GC/UC metabolites exhibited a good ability to become potential biomarkers for AKI stages. The present study provides essential resources and new therapeutic targets for further research on CSA‐AKI.
Sustainable Plasma‐Catalytic Nitrogen Fixation with Pyramid Shaped μ‐Electrode DBD and Titanium Dioxide
Authors: Lamichhane Pradeep , Pourali Nima , Rebrov Evgeny V. , Hessel Volker 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research explores the potential of electric field enforcement in dielectric barrier discharge using specially designed pyramid‐shaped μ‐electrodes for a plasma‐assisted nitrogen fixation process. The obtained results are compared under varying conditions, including the presence and absence of titanium dioxide (
), different oxygen concentrations in the nitrogen‐feeding gas, and residence time. The results demonstrate that the μ‐electrodes lead to an enhancement of nitrogen oxidation, which is further intensified by
. The introduction of 60–70 % oxygen with nitrogen achieves the highest level of
production. The synergistic effect of plasma and the catalytic effect of
increase the rate of
production by 20 %, resulting in a 23 % increase in energy yield. The introduction of
leads to a sharp increase in
production even at lower oxygen concentrations. The crucial role played by ultraviolet light‐induced electron‐hole pairs in
is highlighted to promote nitrogen oxidation. Nevertheless, it is crucial to emphasize that prolonged residence times may cause the photocatalytic effect to generate alternative byproducts rather than
, consequence of excessive oxidation that could prove counterproductive. These findings emphasize the potential of plasma‐assisted nitrogen fixation technology in reducing energy costs and meeting the growing demand for sustainable nitrogen‐based fertilizers.
Recent Advancements and Developments in the Biological Importance of Pyrimido[4,5‐b]Quinoline Scaffolds
Authors: Hammouda Mohamed M. , Rashed Marwa M. , Abo El‐Yazeed Wafaa S. , Elattar Khaled M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study highlights the biological efficiency of pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolines as inhibitors of cancer cell growth and antioxidants and anti‐inflammatory properties, etc. Recent research studies have revealed their promising biological activity to inhibit the growth of many disease‐causing yeasts, fungi, and bacteria. The structural composition greatly affects the biological effectiveness, as these compounds exceed the value of some standard compounds against pathogenic microbes. The antioxidant potential of these derivatives is also explored. Several glycosylated and non‐glycosylated derivatives exhibited potent free radical scavenging activity and protected against DNA damage, exceeding reference standards in some cases. Furthermore, the review examines the anti‐inflammatory and analgesic properties of pyrimidoquinoline derivatives. Studies suggest their efficacy is comparable to known drugs like diclofenac and aspirin in carrageenan‐induced paw edema and hot plate tests. Pyrimidoquinoline derivatives also demonstrate promising anticancer activity. While some have minimal effects, others exhibit notable activity against various human cancer cell lines. This review documents over two decades of research, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. Overall, pyrimidoquinoline derivatives signify an auspicious class of compounds with therapeutic potential across various areas. Further research is necessary to elucidate their mechanisms of action, optimize their efficacy and selectivity, and assess their safety profiles for clinical development.
Application of Poly Dl‐Phenylalanine Modified Carbon Nanotube Electrode for Sensitive and Selective Detection of Tinidazole
Authors: Moulya K. P. , Manjunatha J. G. , Aljuwayid Ahmed M. , Ataollahi N. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to design an electrochemical sensor for the detection of tinidazole (TN) by carbon nanotube electrode (CNTE) modified with dl‐phenylalanine (DL‐PA). The unmodified carbon nanotube electrode (UMCNTE) and poly (DL‐PA) modified carbon nanotube electrode (P(DL‐PA) MCNTE) were characterized by Scanning emission microscopy (SEM) images. Electrochemical techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), were implemented to evaluate the efficiency of the developed electrode toward the detection of TN. The impact of pH on the modified electrode showed that the P(DL‐PA) MCNTE gave a good voltammetric response at pH 3.5. The effect of accumulation time, scan rate, and variation of concentration of TN at the surface of the developed sensor was analyzed. The scan rate study showed that the reduction reaction of TN involves a two‐electron transfer process and it is adsorption‐controlled. The detection limit studies for CV and DPV gave good linearity in the linear range 0.6 μM to 100.0 μM and 3.0 μM to 100.0 μM respectively. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) concerning CV were found to be 0.65 μM and 0.19 μM respectively. The LOQ and LOD for DPV were calculated to be 0.33 μM and 0.10 μM respectively. The P(DL‐PA) MCNTE showed good anti‐interferent properties. The developed sensor has good stability, repeatability, and reproducibility for the analysis of TN. The P(DL‐PA) MCNTE was successfully employed in the real sample analysis.
Photo‐Induced Difluoromethylation‐Cyclization of Indoles Using Tetrazole Sulfone Reagent Under Visible Light
Authors: Zhu Yuping , Huang Yong‐Sheng , Zhou Xuan‐Yu , Jin Hong‐Xian , Long Lipeng , Luo Wenjun , Peng Xiangjun , Chen Zhengwang , Yu Daohong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolycyclic indoles are prevailed in natural products, pharmaceuticals and biologically active compounds. Herein is described photo‐induced difluoromethylation‐cyclization of N‐alkene tethered indoles to synthesis of tetrahydropyrido[1,2‐a]indole using 5‐((difluoromethyl)sulfonyl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐tetrazole as a CF2H radical source. This photochemical reaction tolerates an array of functional groups like ester, cyano, ketone, halide, ether, aldehyde and heteocycles. Mechanistic experiments indicated that the difluoromethyl radical and the single electron transfer were involved.
Conformational Switch of a Peptide Provides a Novel Strategy to Design Peptide Loaded Porous Organic Polymer for Pyroptosis Pathway Mediated Cancer Therapy
Authors: Mishra Snehasis , Sannigrahi Achinta , Ruidas Santu , Chatterjee Sujan , Roy Kamalesh , Misra Deblina , Maity Barun Kumar , Paul Rabindranath , Ghosh Chandan Kumar , Saha Krishna Das , Bhaumik Asim , Chattopadhyay Krishnananda 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhile peptide‐based drug development is extensively explored, this strategy has limitations due to rapid excretion from the body (or shorter half‐life in the body) and vulnerability to protease‐mediated degradation. To overcome these limitations, a novel strategy for the development of a peptide‐based anticancer agent is introduced, utilizing the conformation switch property of a chameleon sequence stretch (PEP1) derived from a mycobacterium secretory protein, MPT63. The selected peptide is then loaded into a new porous organic polymer (PG‐DFC‐POP) synthesized using phloroglucinol and a cresol derivative via a condensation reaction to deliver the peptide selectively to cancer cells. Utilizing ensemble and single‐molecule approaches, this peptide undergoes a transition from a disordered to an alpha‐helical conformation, triggered by the acidic environment within cancer cells that is demonstrated. This adopted alpha‐helical conformation resulted in the formation of proteolysis‐resistant oligomers, which showed efficient membrane pore‐forming activity selectively for negatively charged phospholipids accumulated in cancer cell membranes. The experimental results demonstrated that the peptide‐loaded PG‐DFC‐POP‐PEP1 exhibited significant cytotoxicity in cancer cells, leading to cell death through the Pyroptosis pathway, which is established by monitoring numerous associated events starting from lysosome membrane damage to GSDMD‐induced cell membrane demolition. This novel conformational switch‐based drug design strategy is believed to have great potential in endogenous environment‐responsive cancer therapy and the development of future drug candidates to mitigate cancers.
Review of flood hazards in Kosi River—A way forward for disaster risk reduction
Authors: Kumar Savan , Shrinkhal Rashwet , Shukla Sushil Kumar , Singh Ajai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research looks at how floods are handled in the Kosi River, which goes through China's Tibet region, Nepal, and India, supporting the lives and livelihoods of millions of people in these countries. The emphasis is on the institutional framework and efforts and the plan of the Bihar government to reduce the ill impacts of floods. Drawing from global experiences in transboundary river flood control and considering the unique characteristics of the Kosi River, the study proposes measures that could enhance flood management. It is observed that due to its downstream location in the basin, India is particularly vulnerable to the devastating impacts of floods from the river. Approaches to flood mitigation is a combined approach that includes flood control structural elements and other systems such as transport, finance, and communication systems that can contribute to building up social resiliency.