bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of peri‐implant diseases for two‐piece implants with an internal tube‐in‐tube connection: a cross‐sectional analysis of 512 implants
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Becker Kathrin , Sahm Narja , Horstkemper Thomas , Rousi Khalifa , Becker Jürgen 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of peri‐implant health or disease for a two‐piece implant system with a tube‐in‐tube internal connection on the short‐, medium‐ and long term.Material and methodsFor this cross‐sectional analysis, 238 patients with a total of n = 512 implants were screened in six private practices and one university clinic in Germany. Peri‐implant health and disease was assessed according to strict case definitions. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the correlation with systemic factors.ResultsAfter a median function time of 23 months, the prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis amounted to 41.6% and 13.9%, corresponding to 35.6% and 7.6% at the implant level, respectively. Factors plaque (odds ratio [OR], 8.415) and gender “male” (OR, 2.003) were significantly correlated with the event peri‐implant mucositis. The event peri‐implantitis was significantly correlated with plaque (OR, 9.250) and smoking (OR, 2.679).ConclusionThe prevalence of peri‐implant diseases was correlated with patient‐specific factors.
A computer‐based method for precise detection and calculation of affected skin areas
Authors: Henriksen Sille Mølvig , Nybing Janus Damm , Bouert Rasmus , Havsteen Inger , Christensen Anders F. , Jensen Kenneth , Christensen Hanne , Børglum Jens 
Published: July 2015

SummaryBackgroundThe aim of this study was to describe and validate a method to obtain reproducible and comparable results concerning extension of a specific skin area, unaffected by individual differences in body surface area.MethodsA phantom simulating the human torso was equipped with three irregular areas representing the increasing extension of an affected skin area over time. A large sheet of flexible calques paper was placed at the phantom, and five clinicians copied the three irregular shapes two times, resulting in 60 copies. Subsequently, a digital photograph was taken of the calques papers with a clinical ruler placed at the margin. The images were postprocessed and measured in the program ‘ImageJ’ by two observers. An exact area measurement of the three irregular shapes was performed for comparison.ResultsWe found an interobserver variation of 0·36% when comparing the measurements of all three areas. Comparing observer measurements with the exact areas size, we found an underestimate of 2·52%. We observed a tendency that the discrepancy in measurement increases when the measured area decreases.ConclusionWe find this method accurate, reproducible and easy to use. The presented method can be of help when documenting psoriasis and other dermatologic conditions as well as when exploring the effects of new types and variations of ultrasound‐guided peripheral nerve blocks – especially in study volunteers.
Increased ventilatory response to exercise in symptomatic and asymptomatic LMNA mutation carriers: a follow‐up study
Authors: Ollila Laura , Heliö Tiina , Sovijärvi Anssi , Jalanko Mikko , Kaartinen Maija , Kuusisto Johanna , Kärkkäinen Satu , Jurkko Raija , Reissell Eeva , Palojoki Eeva , Piirilä Päivi 
Published: July 2015

SummaryBackgroundLMNA mutations are an important cause of cardiomyopathy often leading to cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure and even heart transplantation. An increasing number of asymptomatic mutation carriers are identified, as family members of the index patients are screened. Our aim was to study the disease progression in asymptomatic LMNA mutation carriers and in patients with symptomatic cardiolaminopathy by repeated spiroergometric testing in a prospective clinical follow‐up study.Methods and ResultsWe studied 26 LMNA mutation carriers once a year during 5 years up to 6 times by spiroergometry, clinical assessment, laboratory tests and echocardiography. The 23 control subjects underwent clinical assessment and spiroergometry once. Twelve of the mutation carriers were asymptomatic, and 14 had some clinical manifestations of the mutation ranging from clinically relevant rhythm disturbances to DCM and heart failure. Compared to controls, the symptomatic carriers showed a higher slope of the ventilatory equivalent for CO2 (E/CO2 slope) and a lower fraction of end‐tidal CO2 (FetCO2). The asymptomatic mutation carriers also showed an increased ventilatory response to exercise during the follow‐up as indicated by increased E/CO2 slope and decreased FetCO2.ConclusionsThe study suggests that an increased ventilatory response during exercise might reveal a preclinical manifestation of DCM in LMNA mutation carriers.
Elevated resting heart rate in heart transplant recipients: innocent bystander or adverse prognostic indicator?
Authors: Wachter S. Blake , McCandless Sean P. , Gilbert Edward M. , Stoddard Gregory J. , Kfoury Abdallah G. , Reid Bruce B. , McKellar Stephen H. , Nativi‐Nicolau Jose , Saidi Abdulfattah , Barney Jacob , McCreath Lauren , Koliopoulou Antigone , Wright Spencer E. , Fang James C. , Stehlik Josef , Selzman Craig H. , Drakos Stavros G. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe elevated baseline heart rate (HR) of a heart transplant recipient has previously been considered inconsequential. However, we hypothesized that a resting HR above 100 beats per minute (bpm) may be associated with morbidity and mortality.MethodsThe U.T.A.H. Cardiac Transplant Program studied patients who received a heart transplant between 2000 and 2011. Outpatient HR values for each patient were averaged during the first year post‐transplant. The study cohort was divided into two groups: the tachycardic (TC) (HR >100 bpm) and the non‐TC group (HR ≤100 bpm) in which mortality, incidence of rejection, and cardiac allograft vasculopathy were compared.ResultsThree hundred and ten patients were included as follows: 73 in the TC and 237 in the non‐TC group. The TC group had a higher risk of a 10‐yr all‐cause mortality (p = 0.004) and cardiovascular mortality (p = 0.044). After adjustment for donor and recipient characteristics in multivariable logistic regression analysis, the hazard ratio was 3.9, (p = 0.03, CI: 1.2–13.2) and 2.6 (p = 0.02, CI: 1.2–5.5) for cardiovascular mortality and all‐cause mortality, respectively.ConclusionHeart transplant recipients with elevated resting HR appear to have higher mortality than those with lower resting HR. Whether pharmacologically lowering the HR would result in better outcomes warrants further investigation.
A comparison of long‐term outcomes of portal versus systemic venous drainage in pancreatic transplantation: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Oliver Joseph B. , Beidas Abdel‐Kareem , Bongu Advaith , Brown Lloyd , Shapiro Michael E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPancreas transplantation venous effluent can be drained via the portal vein or the systemic circulation; however, no recommendation exists for the ideal technique. A systematic review of the literature from 1989 through 2014 using PubMed, CINHAL, and Cochrane Library for portal versus systemic venous drainage was undertaken. Only studies on humans and published in English were considered. Measures of glycemic control and total cholesterol were synthesized for meta‐analysis utilizing random‐effects models. Of 166 articles retrieved, 15 articles were included for meta‐analysis. Patient and graft survival were comparable in a large database study as well as in the only randomized control study. No differences in complications were seen when exocrine drainage was enteric for the systemic venous group. Fasting insulin (−34.13 pmol/mL, p < 0.001) was significantly lower within the portal drained group; however, fasting blood glucose levels (−3.4 mg/dL, p = 0.32) and hemoglobin A1C levels (mean difference 0.124%, p = 0.25) were comparable. Total cholesterol levels (−3.62 mg/dL, p = 0.447), as well as other measures of lipids, showed no difference. Based on this systematic review and meta‐analysis, there is no evidence of differences in outcomes or metabolic control in patients undergoing pancreatic transplant with portal venous drainage compared to the systemic venous drainage.
Green tea in dermatology – myths and facts
Authors: Zink Alexander , Traidl‐Hoffmann Claudia 
Published: July 2015

SummaryGreen tea consumption has a long tradition in Asian countries – especially China. The epidemiologically and experimentally observed anticarcinogenic and antiinflammatory effects of green tea have led to the implementation of green tea extracts in multiple therapeutic applications – both in dermatological and cosmeceutical preparations. The most abundant evidence exists for the anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive effect of green tea or its major constituent epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate. Almost equally evident is the effect in infectious diseases such as cutaneous viral infections. For external genital warts, a topical ointment with green tea extracts was licensed in the USA in 2010, and recently also in Europe. Experimental evidence pinpointing the block of central signal transduction factors in inflammatory mechanisms has led to the evaluation of catechins in inflammatory disorders such as atopic dermatitis. The belief of green tea as a “wonder weapon” against diseases dates back thousands of years. According to a Chinese legend, ancient Emperor Shen Nung noted a delightful aroma after some leaves of a nearby tree had fallen into boiling water. He immediately proclaimed the new “drink” as “heaven‐sent”, starting the belief – persisting until today – of green tea as a medication from nature against many different diseases. This review summarizes biological effects and clinical implications of green tea.
Impact of B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) on development of atrial fibrillation in people with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kishimoto I. , Makino H. , Ohata Y. , Tamanaha T. , Tochiya M. , Kusano K. , Anzai T. , Toyoda K. , Yasuda S. , Minematsu K. , Ogawa H. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimsTo examine if a simple biomarker can identify people with diabetes who are at high risk of atrial fibrillation.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single centre in people with Type 2 diabetes referred to our department between January 2000 and December 2007. In 517 consecutive people without any history, signs or symptoms of atrial fibrillation at baseline, the association between baseline B‐type natriuretic peptide level and future atrial fibrillation incidence was examined, with adjustments for other potentially confounding factors.ResultsA total of 28 people were diagnosed with new‐onset atrial fibrillation during a median 6‐year follow‐up. When people were categorized into three groups according to B‐type natriuretic peptide clinical thresholds (20 and 100 pg/ml), hazard ratios for the development of atrial fibrillation in the middle and highest B‐type natriuretic peptide groups were 2.8 and 9.4, respectively, compared with the lowest B‐type natriuretic peptide group. Time‐dependent receiver‐operating curve analysis identified a threshold for B‐type natriuretic peptide to detect atrial fibrillation development of 52.8 pg/ml (sensitivity 75.2%, specificity 68.8%). The B‐type natriuretic peptide predictive value was independent of and similar to that of left atrial size and ventricular dimension.ConclusionIn people with Type 2 diabetes, high baseline B‐type natriuretic peptide levels were significantly associated with future atrial fibrillation development.
Once‐weekly glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist dulaglutide is non‐inferior to once‐daily liraglutide and superior to placebo in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a 26‐week randomized phase III study
Authors: Miyagawa J. , Odawara M. , Takamura T. , Iwamoto N. , Takita Y. , Imaoka T. 
Published: July 2015

AimsTo examine the efficacy and safety of once‐weekly dulaglutide monotherapy (0.75 mg) compared with placebo and once‐daily liraglutide (0.9 mg) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThis was a phase III, 52‐week (26‐week primary endpoint), randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, open‐label comparator (liraglutide) trial comparing 492 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (dulaglutide, n = 281; liraglutide, n = 141; and placebo, n = 70) who were aged ≥20 years. Patients and investigators were blinded to treatment assignment for dulaglutide and placebo but not for liraglutide. The primary objective evaluated the superiority of dulaglutide versus placebo on change from baseline in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at 26 weeks. Analyses were performed on the full analysis set.ResultsAt 26 weeks, once‐weekly dulaglutide was superior to placebo and non‐inferior to once‐daily liraglutide for HbA1c change from baseline [least squares mean difference: dulaglutide vs placebo −1.57% (95% confidence interval −1.79 to −1.35); dulaglutide vs liraglutide −0.10% (95% confidence interval −0.27 to 0.07)]. The most frequently reported adverse events were nasopharyngitis, constipation, diarrhoea, nausea, abdominal distension and decreased appetite; only decreased appetite was different between the dulaglutide and liraglutide groups [dulaglutide, n = 2 (0.7%); liraglutide, n = 8 (5.8%); p = 0.003]. Nine (1.8%) patients experienced hypoglycaemia [dulaglutide, n = 6 (2.1%); liraglutide, n = 2 (1.5%); placebo, n = 1 (1.4%)], with no event being severe.ConclusionsIn Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes, once‐weekly dulaglutide (0.75 mg) was superior to placebo and non‐inferior to once‐daily liraglutide (0.9 mg) for reduction in HbA1c at 26 weeks. Dulaglutide was safe and well tolerated.
Efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus placebo added to basal insulin analogues (with or without metformin) in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Ahmann A. , Rodbard H. W. , Rosenstock J. , Lahtela J. T. , de Loredo L. , Tornøe K. , Boopalan A. , Nauck M. A. ,   on behalf of the NN2211‐3917 Study Group
Published: July 2015

AimTo confirm the superiority, compared with placebo, of adding liraglutide to pre‐existing basal insulin analogue ± metformin in adults with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.0–10.0% (53–86 mmol/mol)].MethodsIn this 26‐week, double‐blind, parallel‐group study, conducted in clinics or hospitals, 451 subjects were randomized 1 : 1 to once‐daily liraglutide 1.8 mg (dose escalated from 0.6 and 1.2 mg/day, respectively, for 1 week each; n = 226) or placebo (n = 225) added to their pre‐existing basal insulin analogue (≥20 U/day) ± metformin (≥1500 mg/day). After randomization, insulin adjustments above the pre‐study dose were not allowed. The primary endpoint was HbA1c change.ResultsAfter 26 weeks, HbA1c decreased more with liraglutide [−1.3% (−14.2 mmol/mol)] than with placebo [−0.1% (−1.2 mmol/mol); p < 0.0001]. More subjects on liraglutide reached HbA1c targets: <7.0% (59% vs 14%; p < 0.0001) and ≤6.5% (43% vs 4%; p < 0.0001) using slightly less insulin (35.8 IU vs 40.1 IU). Greater decreases from baseline (estimated treatment differences vs placebo; p < 0.0001) occurred in fasting plasma glucose (−1.3 mmol/l), seven‐point glucose profiles (−1.6 mmol/l), body weight (−3.1 kg) and systolic blood pressure (−5.0 mmHg). Transient gastrointestinal adverse events (nausea: 22.2% vs 3.1%) and minor hypoglycaemia (18.2% vs 12.4%) were more frequent with liraglutide than placebo, and pulse increased (4.5 beats/min) compared with placebo. No severe hypoglycaemia or pancreatitis occurred.ConclusionsAdding liraglutide to a basal insulin analogue ± metformin significantly improved glycaemic control, body weight and systolic blood pressure compared with placebo. Typical gastrointestinal symptoms and minor hypoglycaemia were more frequent with liraglutide.
Mitral Annular Plane Systolic Excursion–Derived Ejection Fraction: A Simple and Valid Tool in Adult Males With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Adel Walaa , Roushdy Alaa M. , Nabil Mohamed 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivesValidation of a mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE)–derived formula to calculate the ejection fraction where EF = 4.8 × MAPSE (mm) + 5.8 in adult males with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.BackgroundEchocardiographic assessment of LV function generally requires expert echocardiographer and is somewhat subjective and prone to reader discordance. MAPSE has been suggested as a surrogate measurement for LV function.MethodsProspective analysis of 170 male patients with systolic dysfunction by two‐dimensional transthoracic echocardiography was carried out. MAPSE and ejection fraction measured by qualitative visual inspection, M‐mode, and biplane modified Simpson's rule were measured. MAPSE‐derived EF was compared against other conventional methods to measure EF using Bland–Altman analysis and independent t‐test.ResultsThere was a significant positive correlation between average MAPSE and EF measured by M‐mode (r = 0.554, P < 0.001), Simpson's rule (r = 0.585, P < 0.001), and visual inspection (r = 0.611, P < 0.001). An average MAPSE cutoff value <= 5 provided the best balanced sensitivity (67.1%) and specificity (76.5%) to predict EF < 30%. The mean difference between MAPSE‐derived EF and EF measured by visual inspection and by Simpson's method was 3.86 ± 5.24% and 3.57 ± 5.97%, respectively. The least mean difference of 0.5 ± 5.69% was present between MAPSE‐derived EF and M–mode‐measured EF (P value 0.2).ConclusionMAPSE‐derived EF using the equation EF = 4.8 × MAPSE (mm) + 5.8 is a valid technique in adult males with severely impaired LV EF.
Difference in pressure‐formed mouthguard thickness according to heating condition
Authors: Mizuhashi Fumi , Koide Kaoru , Takahashi Mutsumi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of pressure‐formed mouthguard thickness by varying the heating conditions within the proper heating temperature.Materials and methodsThe material used in this study was a mouthguard sheet of 3.8‐mm ethylene vinyl acetate. The sheets were formed by pressure forming using a vacuum‐pressure former. Three heating conditions were varied as follows: the sheet was heated until the center was displaced by 10, 15, and 20 mm from baseline. We measured the mouthguard thickness at the labial surface of the central incisor, buccal surface of the first molar, and occlusal surface of the first molar. Differences in thickness by measurement region of the mouthguards formed under different heating conditions were analyzed by two‐way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's method.ResultsWe found that mouthguard thickness varied in different regions of the central incisors and the first molars (P < 0.01). The incisal (cusp) region was thinner than the cervical region. There were statistically significant differences among the heating conditions at the labial surface of the central incisor (P < 0.05), and the thickness became larger as the sheet was heated. Mouthguard thickness at the buccal surface and occlusal surface of the first molar did not differ among the three heating conditions.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the best heating condition of the pressure‐forming method was the condition that the sheet was heated until its center displaced by 20 mm. This finding is an important fact when fabricating a mouthguard.
The selective florivory of Erioscelis emarginata matches its role as a pollinator of Philodendron
Authors: Maldonado Marina , Sakuragui Cassia Monica , Trigo José Roberto , Rodrigues Daniela 
Published: July 2015

AbstractFlowers commonly face the dilemma of needing to be attractive to pollinators but unattractive to nectar robbers or florivores. When the pollinator has chewing mouthparts, there is also a considerable risk of the pollinator consuming the flowers. Scant field records indicate that the florivorous beetle Erioscelis emarginata (Mannerheim) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cyclocephalini), which pollinates Philodendron spp., feeds selectively on the sterile staminate flowers. Here, the hypothesis was tested that E. emarginata prefers sterile staminate flowers of Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott and Philodendron melinonii Brongn. ex Regel (Araceae) over fertile flowers. This study also examined whether such a preference exists regardless of the proportion of fertile vs. sterile flowers in each Philodendron species. Analysis of nutritional and defensive compounds plus scanning electron microscopy on each flower type were performed. The feeding preference of florivores for either P. bipinnatifidum or P. melinonii was also examined. In both species, sterile flowers were significantly more consumed than fertile ones. The sterile zone of P. bipinnatifidum was significantly larger than that of P. melinonii, and sterile staminate flowers of both plants were consumed at similar rates. Calcium oxalate was markedly low in sterile flowers, which also presented smaller papillae than the other flowers. This study presents evidence that the balance between pollination and florivory has most likely evolved through a strong feeding preference for less‐defended sterile flowers regardless of the size of the sterile zone.
Domain‐specific impairment in cognitive control among remitted youth with a history of major depression
Authors: Peters Amy T. , Jacobs Rachel H. , Crane Natania A. , Ryan Kelly A. , Weisenbach Sara L. , Ajilore Olusola , Lamar Melissa , Kassel Michelle T. , Gabriel Laura B. , West Amy E. , Zubieta Jon‐Kar , Langenecker Scott A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimImpairment in neuropsychological functioning is common in major depressive disorder (MDD), but it is not clear to what degree these deficits are related to risk (e.g. trait), scar, burden or state effects of MDD. The objective of this study was to use neuropsychological measures, with factor scores in verbal fluency, processing speed, attention, set‐shifting and cognitive control in a unique population of young, remitted, unmedicated, early course individuals with a history of MDD in hopes of identifying putative trait markers of MDD.MethodsYouth aged 18–23 in remission from MDD (rMDD; n = 62) and healthy controls (HC; n = 43) were assessed with neuropsychological tests at two time points. These were from four domains of executive functioning, consistent with previous literature as impaired in MDD: verbal fluency and processing speed, conceptual reasoning and set‐shifting, processing speed with interference resolution, and cognitive control.ResultsrMDD youth performed comparably to HCs on verbal fluency and processing speed, processing speed with interference resolution, and conceptual reasoning and set‐shifting, reliably over time. Individuals with rMDD demonstrated relative decrements in cognitive control at Time 1, with greater stability than HC participants.ConclusionMDD may be characterized by regulatory difficulties that do not pertain specifically to active mood state or fluctuations in symptoms. Deficient cognitive control may represent a trait vulnerability or early course scar of MDD that may prove a viable target for secondary prevention or early remediation.