bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of daily intake of pomegranate juice on fecal microbiota and feces metabolites from healthy volunteers
Authors: Mosele Juana I. , Gosalbes María‐José , Macià Alba , Rubió Laura , Vázquez‐Castellanos Jorge F. , Jiménez Hernández Nuria , Moya Andrés , Latorre Amparo , Motilva María‐José 
Published: July 2015

ScopeThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect, regarding the metabolic and microbial profile of feces, of diet supplementation of healthy adults with pomegranate juice (PJ).Methods and resultsTwelve healthy adults were recruited to the study, which consisted of the intake of 200 mL/day of PJ during 4 weeks. Feces were collected before and after the supplementation with PJ. Metabolites (phenolic catabolites, short‐chain fatty acids, and fecal steroids) and microbial profile were analyzed at baseline and at 4 weeks. Fecal phenolic metabolites, 3‐phenylpropionic acid, catechol, hydroxytyrosol, and urolithin A, showed a significant increase in their concentration after supplementation with PJ. Among fecal steroids, parallel to the significant increase of cholesterol concentration, a significant decrease of coprostanol was observed. Although no significant changes in the microbiota profile were observed, different relationships between initial microbiota and the metabolites produced were found. Catechol showed positive and negative correlation with Oscillospora and Paraprevotella genera, respectively, and 3‐phenylpropionic acid was positively correlated with Odoribacter genus.ConclusionInclusion of PJ in the diet did not significantly alter the gut microbiota composition in healthy adults, but the individual bacterial composition could contribute to the generation of potential health‐promoting phenolic metabolites.
Optimal distribution of RF receiver multistandard specification based on multiobjective optimization
Authors: Ndungidi Papy , García‐Vázquez Hugo , Dualibe Carlos , Del Pino Javier , Valderrama Carlos 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents a refinement methodology for the global specification of RF receivers producing a detailed optimal specification of architectural components based on a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization. To demonstrate the reliability of our methodology, our approach has been applied to both the IEEE 802.15.4 and DVB‐SH standards for optimizing system constraints such as noise figure (NF) and total third order distortion. This article presents the generation of optimal and feasible solutions as a positive feature of the applied nonlinear multiobjective optimization procedure. Moreover, an algorithm is also proposed to obtain, from one NF of the possible solutions, the feasible design parameters of an inductive source degenerated cascode low noise amplifier (LNA) loaded with a tunable LC tank. By using the values generated by the proposed algorithm, this tunable LNA meets the requirements of both aforementioned standards. An LNA demonstrator was prototyped on a 150‐nm CMOS technology. The actual LNA parameters (NF, gain, and IIP3) can then be back‐annotated onto the top hierarchical instance to produce a last refinement to its remaining components, demonstrating how existing components can be reused using this design approach. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2262–2269, 2015
Compact filtering power divider with improved out‐of‐band performance
Authors: Wei Feng , Ding Chen , Li Jiao , Wang Xin Huai , Shi Xiao Wei 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTA compact equal power divider (PD) with filtering function and improved out‐of‐band performance is proposed in this article. The proposed PD is based on the conventional Wilkinson PD and two filtering cells. The filtering cell is composed of four λ/4 stepped‐impedance resonators (SIRs). Using the edge and quasi‐lumped coupling topology, a compact PD with improving passband selectivity can be achieved. Meanwhile, by appropriately adjusting the impedance and electric length ratios of SIRs, the stopband can be extended to 39.2 GHz with a rejection level of 20 dB, which is 25 times of the fundamental frequency. The predicted results on S‐parameters are compared with the measured ones and good agreement is achieved. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2274–2277, 2015
A dual‐band amplifier with flexible frequency ratios
Authors: Chen Te‐Chuan , Hua Wei , Gbele Kokou , Zhang Hualiang , Xin Hao 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents a dual‐band amplifier with flexible frequency ratios. The amplifier features novel Wilkinson power divider/combiner with dual‐band property that allows large frequency ratio (2.16–4.9) between its first and second operating bands. The measured combining efficiency on a stand‐alone combiner is 97% at 2.25 GHz and 75% at 5.25 GHz. A 2.25/5.5 GHz prototype amplifier is tested to verify dual‐band functionality. Measured linear gains are 12.85 dB and 12.07 dB at the first and second frequency bands, respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2242–2247, 2015
Dielectric characterization of thin films using microstrip ring resonators
Authors: Eng David L. K. , Olbricht Benjamin C. , Shi Shouyuan , Prather Dennis W. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents a microstrip ring resonator technique for characterizing thin film substrates up to 110 GHz. A coupling structure was designed to efficiently couple energy into rings despite the tight microstrip‐substrate confinement. Various ring sizes are designed and fabricated, and both dielectric constant and loss tangent results are presented. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2306–2310, 2015
Design and implementation of a Q‐band millimeter wave planar lens antenna
Authors: Yu Shunhua , Hong Wei , Zhang Yan , Jiang Mei 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTA Q‐band planar lens with four substrates separated by air gaps is investigated. The efficiency, gain, and back lobe level are improved by shifting the sizes of the cells with dual square slot loops on different substrates. Besides, the compensated phase of each compound cell which consists of the corresponding square slot loop cells distributed in the four substrates is calculated using an equivalent phase other than the phase at the center of the cell. Three hundred and sixty degree compensated phase can be achieved by changing the sizes of the outer and inner slot loops of the cell. The side length of the lens is 144 mm or 20 wavelengths. The air gap between the substrates is 2 mm. The number of cells is 2025 or 45 by 45. The lens is fed by a linear polarized horn antenna with a gain of 15 dBi approximately. The measured peak gain is more than 33 dBi at 44 GHz, and the half power beam width of E‐plane and H‐plane are about 2.9°. The lens could cover from 43 to 47 GHz or more than 9% bandwidth. The side lobe level is under −20 dB, and the measured front‐back‐ratio is better than 20 dB. The measured data are in agreement with the simulated results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2322–2330, 2015
A new doubly helical antenna
Authors: Ghoreishian Idine , Safaai‐Jazi Ahmad 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTA new wideband antenna made of a helical wire wrapped around a larger helix is introduced. This antenna thus has a doubly helical structure with two pitch angles and two radii. Compared to a conventional helix with comparable radiation properties, the doubly helical antenna occupies about 50% less volume. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2351–2355, 2015
An optoelectronic oscillator‐based strain sensor with extended measurement range
Authors: Zhu Yanhong , Zhou Jinhai , Jin Xiaofeng , Chi Hao , Zhang Xiamin , Zheng Shilie 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTAn optoelectronic oscillator (OEO)‐based strain sensor with extended measurement range is proposed and demonstrated. The OEO is embedded with an electrical phase shifter (EPS) to cancel out the strain‐induced phase shift real‐timely via a phase‐locked loop scheme. Theoretically, the control voltage of the EPS is linear to the strain applied on the sensing fiber, leading to a simple and straightforward frequency demodulation. Thanks to the real‐time close‐loop interrogation, the mode‐hopping‐free frequency shift range can exceed one free spectrum range, thus, the measurement range of the sensor is extended. The obtained strain measurement range is up to 2762 με. The achieved strain resolution is 0.86 με. The root‐mean‐square deviation of more than 2‐h test for a fixed strain is 1.1 με. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2336–2339, 2015
Efficiency enhanced CMOS digitally controlled dynamic bias switching power amplifier for LTE
Authors: Kim Hyungchul , Bae Jongsuk , Ham Junghyun , Gu Jehyeon , Seo Mincheol , Hwang Keum Cheol , Lee Kang‐Yoon , Park Cheon‐Seok , Yang Youngoo 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents an efficiency enhanced CMOS power amplifier using a digitally controlled dynamic bias switching method. It is composed of a dynamic bias switching circuit and a power amplifier circuit. The control signal for bias switching operation is generated by the digital signal processing unit according to the amplitude of the envelope signal. Then, the dynamic bias switching circuit offers two different supply voltages to the drain of the power amplifier. The low supply voltage is generated by a DC–DC converter within the dynamic bias switching circuit, while the high voltage can be directly supplied by the battery. The threshold voltage for the envelope signal and the low supply voltage level were analytically optimized for maximum efficiency enhancement using the envelope statistics of the LTE signal. The gain difference between low and high bias voltage conditions was compensated for better linearity of the power amplifier. The proposed dynamic bias and power amplifier IC's were designed and fabricated using 0.18 μm CMOS process. The fabricated CMOS power amplifier IC using the dynamic bias switching method was evaluated using a 64 QAM LTE up‐link signal which has a center frequency of 1.75 GHz, a signal bandwidth of 5 MHz, and a peak‐to‐average power ratio of 7.76 dB. It exhibited a power‐added efficiency of 39.3% and an error vector magnitude of 4.6% at an average output power of 22 dBm, while the stand‐alone CMOS power amplifier has an efficiency of 34.5%. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2315–2321, 2015
A high‐isolation dual‐polarization dielectric resonator antenna with bowtie‐shaped slot coupling
Authors: Guo Min , Xuan Xiao‐Bo , Wang Min , Cui Jun Wen , Zhong Shun‐Shi 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTA new design of dual‐polarized dielectric resonator antenna with high isolation over a wide bandwidth is introduced, which is fed using the bowtie‐shaped slot coupling. Four identical bowtie slots are arranged symmetrically in an unconnected cross configuration in the center. The isolation between two orthogonal polarizations of the proposed antenna is greatly improved over the conventional cross slot. The proposed antenna prototype has been fabricated and measured. Both simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has a port isolation of about 40 dB over the impendence bandwidth (|S11| ≤ 10 db) of 28–30%.Moreover, stable radiation patterns and a peak gain of 5.0–6.4 dBi are achieved within the operating band. Its good polarization purity and broadside radiation patterns are confirmed also. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2426–2429, 2015
A discussion on electrically small antenna property
Authors: Patel Riki H , Desai Arpan , Upadhyaya Trushit 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThe demand of compact antenna is ever increasing as the inception of wireless communication devices. In the age of wireless communication, requirement of miniaturized antennas is quite high. It is quite often that antenna dimensions are decided based on application‐based requirement compared with practical antenna constraints. The trade‐off in efficiency and other antenna parameters against to antenna size is always a debatable issue. The article presents detailed review of fundamentals of electrically small antennas (ESAs) and its potential applications. In addition, constraints and challenges of ESAs are also presented in the article. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2386–2388, 2015
Balanced UWB BPF with wideband common‐mode suppression
Authors: Lee Ching‐Her , Hsu Chung‐I G. , Yu Hong‐Siang 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a new balanced ultrawideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed and designed using a slotline resonator (SLR) with radial end‐sections for better wideband response. The SLR is fed by microstrip lines, and the whole BPF circuit is deployed symmetrically across the plane of symmetry to provide balanced operation. When the BPF is excited differentially, the SLR half circuit behaves as a similar resonator of half width, and by locating its first three resonant modes in the passband, the desired UWB response can be achieved. Conversely, while the BPF is in common‐mode (CM) operation, the symmetry plane is virtually open‐circuited, and the SLR is incomplete in structure, rendering CM signal suppression very effective. In this design, bandstop filters are embedded in the feeding lines to increase the upper stopband bandwidth. The achieved performances for this proposed balanced UWB BPF are a 3‐dB fractional bandwidth of 114% and a minimum measured (simulated) in‐band insertion loss of 1.17 (0.92) dB for differential‐mode operation and very good CM rejection with an insertion loss of larger than 25 dB over 1–20 GHz frequency range. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2461–2464, 2015
Design and preliminary experiments of a precision microwave tomography system
Authors: Kim Jang‐Yeol , Lee Kwang‐Jae , Son Seong‐Ho , Lee Jong‐Moon , Kim Hyuk‐Je , Kim Bo‐Ra , Simonov Nikolai , Jeon Soon‐Ik , Kim Nam 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents the image reconstruction results of measurement data from a preliminary test using the first‐developed precision microwave tomography (MT) system operating at 3–6 GHz for medical diagnosis. A simple phantom is used in the MT system to verify the data validation. The measurement dataset has very different patterns owing to the significant contrast of dielectric properties according to the existence of a phantom in the sensing area of the illumination tank at microwave frequencies. Thus, it is possible to obtain the image reconstruction from this measurement data. The detailed results are presented and discussed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2445–2448, 2015
Open rectangular ring slot loaded rectangular microstrip antenna for dual frequency operation
Authors: Kale Ganesh M. , Labade Rekha P. , Pawase Ramesh S. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThe dual frequency rectangular microstrip antenna (RMSA) using slot has been brought in this article. By embedding narrow open rectangular ring slot close to the boundary of rectangular patch of single layer and single feed, dual frequency operation can be easily obtained. The slot provides reactive loading around the resonance frequency of rectangular patch at a consequence dual frequency operation has been obtained. The proposed design exhibits two contiguous resonant modes with similar polarization and radiation characteristics. This performance of the antenna makes size reduction compared with simple RMSA without slot. These two resonant modes are excited at frequencies near the fundamental resonant mode of RMSA without slot. By controlling the width and gap spacing of narrow open rectangular ring slot antenna, the frequency ratio is tuned in the range 1.28–1.42. The input impedance, return loss, and radiation characteristics of the antenna are analyzed using HFSS. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2448–2452, 2015
Development of 6–12 GHz evanescent–mode two–pole low–loss tunable bandpass filter
Authors: Cho Young Seek , Joshi Himanshu , Liu Xiaoguang , Sigmarsson Hjalti H. , Chappell William J. , Peroulis Dimitrios 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTA very low‐loss tunable evanescent‐mode cavity bandpass filter (BPF) with one‐octave (6–12 GHz) tuning range is presented. To implement a very low‐insertion loss with wideband operation, a new coaxial‐feed structure is devised in the tunable BPF. Across the entire tuning range, the achieved insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB. The 3‐dB fractional bandwidth varies from 6.1% at 6 GHz to 12% at 12 GHz. The tenability is realized using silicon microelectromechanical systems diaphragms with slits that are electrostatically actuated. Direct comparison between a solid diaphragm and the proposed stress‐reduced diaphragm with slits is presented. The bulk of the filter is realized using physical machining of a tall printed circuit board. This article shows the upper frequency limit that is feasible using milling. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2418–2422, 2015
Reconfigurable circularly polarized microstrip antenna based on dual‐embedded dual slotted ring perturbation
Authors: Lee Dong‐Hyo , Yang Hyung‐Mo , Pyo Seongmin 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThis article describes a new reconfigurable circularly polarized microstrip antenna using a dual‐embedded dual slotted ring perturbation. The proposed antenna consists of three single slotted rings at each corner in the ground plane and one dual slotted ring with two PIN at the residual corner where the large‐sized ring in the front patch side and the small‐sized ring in back ground side. The dual slotted ring perturbation can generate and alternate circularly polarized waves by changing the effective size of the dual slotted ring. To investigate the effect of the dual slotted ring, the dominant slotted ring at the patch side is analyzed and implemented. The measured results of the proposed antenna show a good agreement with the simulation and demonstrates circularly polarized radiations and their reconfigurable capabilities. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2422–2425, 2015
Expression and regulation of androgen receptor in the mouse uterus during early pregnancy and decidualization
Authors: Xu Jingjie , Li Mo , Zhang Lu , Xiong Hao , Lai Lidan , Guo Meijun , Zong Teng , Zhang Dalei , Yang Bei , Wu Lei , Tang Min , Kuang Haibin 
Published: July 2015

SUMMARYThe androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand‐activated transcription factor that is important for both the male and female reproductive systems. The expression and regulation of AR in the uterine endometrium during early pregnancy and decidualization remain relatively under‐investigated, so we sought to immunohistochemically examine the spatiotemporal expression of AR in mouse uteri during the peri‐implantation period as well as in response to specific steroid hormones. AR protein was found in the nuclei of uterine stromal cells starting on pregnancy Days 1 and 2, with its abundance increasing on Days 3 and 4. From pregnancy Days 5 to 9, however, the expression of AR markedly declined in stromal zones of uteri. No signal was detected in the decidualized cells surrounding the site of embryo implantation; moreover, no AR immunostaining was observed in decidualized uterine cells in an artificial oil‐induced model of decidualization. Progesterone significantly inhibited AR protein expression, whereas estrogen dramatically elevated AR abundance in the stroma of ovariectomized mouse uteri. Taken together, our results are the first to demonstrate that decidualization and progesterone significantly inhibited the AR protein expression in vivo, whereas estrogen increased AR protein levels in the stromal cells of mouse uteri. These responses might be advantageous for the proliferation and differentiation of uterine stroma and for embryo implantation during early pregnancy. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 82: 898–906, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Atlas‐based estimation of lung and lobar anatomy in proton MRI
Authors: Tustison Nicholas J. , Qing Kun , Wang Chengbo , Altes Talissa A. , Mugler John P. 
Published: July 2015

PurposeTo propose an accurate methodological framework for automatically segmenting pulmonary proton MRI based on an optimal consensus of a spatially normalized library of annotated lung atlases.MethodsA library of 62 manually annotated lung atlases comprising 48 mixed healthy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthmatic subjects of a large age range with multiple ventilation levels is used to produce an optimal segmentation in proton MRI, based on a consensus of the spatially normalized library. An extension of this methodology is used to provide best‐guess estimates of lobar subdivisions in proton MRI from annotated computed tomography data.ResultsA leave‐one‐out evaluation strategy was used for evaluation. Jaccard overlap measures for the left and right lungs were used for performance comparisons relative to the current state‐of‐the‐art (0.966 ± 0.018 and 0.970 ± 0.016, respectively). Best‐guess estimates for the lobes exhibited comparable performance levels (left upper: 0.882 ± 0.059, left lower: 0.868 ± 0.06, right upper: 0.852 ± 0.067, right middle: 0.657 ± 0.130, right lower: 0.873 ± 0.063).ConclusionAn annotated atlas library approach can be used to provide good lung and lobe estimation in proton MRI. The proposed framework is useful for subsequent anatomically based analysis of structural and/or functional pulmonary image data. Magn Reson Med 76:315–320, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Structurally‐Tunable 3‐Hydroxyflavone Motif for Visible Light‐Induced Carbon Monoxide‐Releasing Molecules (CORMs)
Authors: Anderson Stacey N. , Richards Jason M. , Esquer Hector J. , Benninghoff Abby D. , Arif Atta M. , Berreau Lisa M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMolecules that can be used to deliver a controlled amount of carbon monoxide (CO) have the potential to facilitate investigations into the roles of this gaseous molecule in biology and advance therapeutic treatments. This has led to the development of light‐induced CO‐releasing molecules (photoCORMs). A goal in this field of research is the development of molecules that exhibit a combination of controlled CO release, favorable biological properties (e.g., low toxicity and trackability in cells), and structural tunability to affect CO release. Herein, we report a new biologically‐inspired organic photoCORM motif that exhibits several features that are desirable in a next‐generation photoCORM. We show that 3‐hydroxyflavone‐based compounds are easily synthesized and modified to impart changes in absorption features and quantum yield for CO release, exhibit low toxicity, are trackable in cells, and can exhibit both O2‐dependent and ‐independent CO release reactivity.
Train driving and diabetes – keeping safety on track
Authors: Grant Paul , Phoolchund Harry 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDespite disability legislation, some people with diabetes (particularly those taking insulin) still experience discrimination in the work that they are allowed to perform.Some occupations have strict medical standards that people with diabetes may not be able to meet. These usually apply where a job is unusually risky, e.g. because it involves operating heavy machinery or vehicles, with a risk of harm to the employee or others in case of sudden incapacity. People with diabetes have successfully challenged employers who sought to exclude them from jobs simply because they were ‘diabetic’, rather than assessing them as individuals.We look at the phenomenon of diabetes control related to train driving and the criteria that should be achieved to ensure safety for both the individual and their passengers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons.