bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture in (100)Si after high energy protons implantation
Authors: Braley Carole , Mazen Frédéric , Papon Anne‐Marie , Charvet Anne‐Marie , Rieutord François , Ntsoenzok Esidor 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHigh energy protons implantation in the 1‐3 MeV range can be used to detach free‐standing thin silicon films with thickness between 15 and 100 µm. Recently, we showed that Si orientation has a strong effect on the layer separation threshold fluence and efficiency. While complete delamination of (111)Si films is achieved, (100)Si films separation is more challenging due to blistering phenomena or partial separation of the implanted layer. In this work, we study the fracture mechanism in (100)Si after high energy implantation in order to understand the origin of such a behaviour. We notably point out that fracture precursor defects, i.e. the platelets, preferentially form on (111) planes, as a consequence of the low strain level in the damaged region in our implantation conditions. Despite this unfavourable precursors orientation, fracture propagation in (100)Si can be achieved by increasing the hydrogen fluence. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Shaping self‐regulation in science teachers' professional growth: Inquiry skills
Authors: Michalsky Tova 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis study examined 188 preservice science teachers' professional growth along three dimensions—self‐regulated learning (SRL) in a science pedagogical context, pedagogical content knowledge, and self‐efficacy in teaching science—comparing four learner‐centered, active‐learning, peer‐collaborative environments for learning to teach higher order scientific‐inquiry thinking. Three environments supported different SRL components using the “IMPROVE'' self‐regulatory model: cognitive–metacognitive alone (CogMet), motivational alone (Mot), or all three components (CogMetMot). The fourth environment provided no SRL support. Findings indicated that preservice teachers in the three SRL‐scaffolding conditions outperformed their unscaffolded peers on all professional growth measures: SRL (cognition, metacognition, motivation), pedagogical knowledge (declarative, procedural, conditional), and self‐efficacy in teaching science. Moreover, the CogMetMot group exhibited the highest scores on all measures. Implications concern SRL scaffolding to enhance preservice science teachers' professional growth. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 96: 1106–1133, 2012
The competitive implications of the deployment of unique resources
Authors: Costa Luís Almeida , Cool Karel , Dierickx Ingemar 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe ‘resource‐based’ view focuses on unique resources as the fundamental sources of competitive advantage and superior profits. We use a game‐theoretic model to analyze the impact of the deployment of unique resources on product market competition, and the impact of unique resources and sustainable competitive advantages on profits when the competitive implications of resource deployment are taken into account. We find that some of the core propositions of the resource‐based view do not necessarily hold when the impact of resource deployment on product market competition is explicitly considered. Specifically, the accumulation and deployment of unique resources does not necessarily increase the firm's profit and the difference between its profit and competitors' profits. Furthermore, achieving a sustainable competitive advantage does not necessarily lead to higher profits. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNA‐tailored plasmonic nanoparticles for biosensing applications
Authors: Lee Jung‐Hoon , Hwang Jae‐Ho , Nam Jwa‐Min 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe plasmonic properties of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) such as Au and Ag NPs and the plasmonic coupling between them are of enormous interest for their strong and controllable optical signal enhancement and manipulation capabilities. The strong optical properties of these plasmonic structures are promising for various biosensing applications, but the widespread use of these structures is limited largely due to the absence of high‐yield synthetic method for targeted nanoprobes with nanometer precision and the poor understanding of the plasmonics of these structures. DNA is a promising material that can be used as both specific biorecognition and versatile synthetic template in forming and controlling plasmonic nanostructures and their aggregations. In this article, we provide an overview and perspective of recent advances in the use of DNA‐tailored plasmonic nanostructures in biosensing applications. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2013, 5:96–109. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1196This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Hyperfractionated Irradiation with 3 Cycles of Induction Chemotherapy in Stage IIIA‐N2 Lung Cancer
Authors: Chen Fengshi , Okubo Kenichi , Sonobe Makoto , Shibuya Keiko , Matsuo Yukinori , Kim Young Hak , Yanagihara Kazuhiro , Bando Toru , Date Hiroshi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to improve the prognosis of patients with stage IIIA‐N2 non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To achieve that goal, we performed induction chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery.MethodsThe criteria for this phase II study were ≤75‐year‐old patients with pathologically diagnosed stage IIIA‐N2 NSCLC who had performance statuses of 0 or 1 with good organ function. Three cycles of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin were carried out, with concurrent hyperfractionated irradiation (42 Gy). After re‐evaluation, pulmonary resections were considered unless patients showed progressive disease. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were disease‐free survival (DFS) and absence of toxicity.ResultsAll 22 patients enrolled in this study completed the induction chemoradiotherapy without any severe complications. In these 22 patients, the 2‐ and 5‐year OS were 81 and 47 %, respectively. There were no therapy‐related deaths. Surgery was subsequently performed in 19 patients (86 %). Pathological complete responses were seen in 6 patients (27 %), while node downstaging was obtained in 10 patients (45 %). In the 19 patients who underwent surgery, the 2‐ and 5‐year OS rates were 83 and 62 %, respectively, and the 2‐year DFS rate was 63 %. All 6 patients with pathological complete responses survived without disease. Patients with residual multiple‐station N2 showed worse OS and DFS rates than did those with downstaged and single‐station N2 (P = 0.026 and P < 0.0001, respectively).ConclusionsThis trimodal therapy was effective and well tolerated, and it is an acceptable therapeutic option for patients with locally advanced stage IIIA‐N2 NSCLC. Patients without persistent multiple‐station N2 showed promising survival.
TRFLP analysis reveals that fungi rather than bacteria are associated with premature yeast flocculation in brewing
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Bowman John P , Stewart Doug C , Sheehy Megan , Janusz Agnieszka , Speers R Alex , Koutoulis Anthony , Evans David E 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Premature yeast flocculation (PYF) is a sporadic fermentation problem in the brewing industry that results in incomplete yeast utilization of fermentable sugars in wort. Culture-independent, PCR-based fingerprinting techniques were applied in this study to identify the associations between the occurrence of the PYF problem during brewery fermentation with barley malt-associated microbial communities (both bacteria and fungi). Striking differences in the microbial DNA fingerprint patterns for fungi between PYF positive (PYF +ve) and negative (PYF −ve) barley malts were observed using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) technique. The presence of terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) of 360–460 bp size range, for fungal HaeIII restriction enzyme-derived TRFLP profiles appeared to vary substantially between PYF +ve and PYF −ve samples. The source of the barley malt did not influence the fungal taxa implicated in PYF. TRFLP analysis indicates bacterial taxa are unlikely to be important in causing PYF. Virtual digestion of fungal sequences tentatively linked HaeIII TRFs in the 360–460 bp size range to a diverse range of yeast/yeast-like species. Findings from this study suggest that direct monitoring of barley malt samples using molecular methods could potentially be an efficient and viable alternative for monitoring PYF during brewery fermentations.
Maternal Age and Offspring Adult Health: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Myrskylä Mikko , Fenelon Andrew 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Advanced maternal age is associated with negative offspring health outcomes. This interpretation often relies on physiological processes related to aging, such as decreasing oocyte quality. We use a large, population-based sample of American adults to analyze how selection and lifespan overlap between generations influence the maternal age–offspring adult health association. We find that offspring born to mothers younger than age 25 or older than 35 have worse outcomes with respect to mortality, self-rated health, height, obesity, and the number of diagnosed conditions than those born to mothers aged 25–34. Controls for maternal education and age at which the child lost the mother eliminate the effect for advanced maternal age up to age 45. The association between young maternal age and negative offspring outcomes is robust to these controls. Our findings suggest that the advanced maternal age–offspring adult health association reflects selection and factors related to lifespan overlap. These may include shared frailty or parental investment but are not directly related to the physiological health of the mother during conception, fetal development, or birth. The results for young maternal age add to the evidence suggesting that children born to young mothers might be better off if the parents waited a few years.
Isoproterenol Protects the Demilune Cells of the Sublingual Gland of Mice from Radiation: Study of Autoradiography with 3H–leucine
Authors: Nemoto Susumu , Nasu Masanori , Mitsuhashi Fusako , Yosue Takashi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn order to examine the influence of X‐ray irradiation on the demilune cells of the sublingual gland due to the existence of secretory granules, 10 Gy of X‐ray irradiation was applied to the sublingual gland of mice at 3 hours after isoproterenol (IPR) administration. To inspect the influence of irradiation at 3 days after the irradiation, tissue images and results of autoradiography performed at 30 and 120 minutes (min) after 3H‐leucine administration of the IPR administration (IPR/10Gy) group were compared with those of the non‐IPR administration (nonIPR/10Gy) group. In transmission electron microscope images, swelling and pyknosis were observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the nonIPR/10Gy group. The number of reduced silver grains per unit cell area in nonIPR/10Gy at 30 and 120 min after 3H‐leucine administration was less and greater than that in the other 3 groups (nonIPR/0Gy, IPR/0Gy, and IPR/10Gy), respectively, from light microscope autoradiography images. At 120 min after 3H‐leucine administration, the ratio of the number of reduced silver grains localized in the secretory granules to the total number of reduced silver grains in the demilune cells of the nonIPR/10Gy group was lower than that of the other 3 groups as indicated by electron microscope autoradiography images. Based on these results, it was apparent that the effect of irradiation was less on the demilune cells that discharged secretory granules than those that did not discharge them.
Garré’s Osteomyelitis of the Mandible Caused by an Infected Wisdom Tooth
Authors: Nakano Hiroyuki , Miki Tetsuei , Aota Keiko , Sumi Tetsuro , Matsumoto Ken , Yura Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2012

AbstractGarré’s osteomyelitis is generally considered to be synonymous with chronic osteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis and occurs most commonly in the first molar region of the mandible. We report a case of Garré’s osteomyelitis caused by the infected tooth‐germ of a wisdom tooth. A 12‐year‐old boy had a swelling of the right cheek and his right mandibular second molar was covered by gingiva with pus retention. X‐ray examination showed a radiolucent area around the impacted tooth‐germ of the wisdom tooth and extracortical new bone at the angle of the mandible. After preoperative treatment with antibiotics, the tooth‐germ and extracortical bone were removed. The antibiotics treatment was continued for 18 days postoperation. No recurrence of pain or swelling has been observed thereafter.
Ultrastructure and Cytoarchitecture of Bachmann's Bundle in the Mammalian Heart
Authors: Yamaguchi Takeshi , Yi Shuang‐Qin , Tanaka Shigenori , Ono Katsushige , Shimada Tatsuo 
Published: August 2012

Recently, the Bachmann's bundle (BB) has been examined in connection with atrial fibrillation. However, the morphological properties of the BB remain to be clarified.In this study, the BB in hearts of monkeys and sheep was investigated by immunohistochemistry, scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy.Immuno‐histochemically, BB myocytes showed a strong positive reaction for desmin antibody and that connexin (Cx) 40 and Cx43 were distributed at the intercalated disks. BB myocytes were characterized by a dense network of intermediate filaments which enveloped nucleus, myofibrils and mitochondria, respectively. The intercalated disks showed an irregular stair‐like profile. Microprojections on the steps were smaller in number and larger in size than those in auricular myocytes.In conclusion, BB myocytes were different ultrastructurally from auricular myocytes, showing morphological properties of the conduction system.
Atrial Fibrillation in Singapore and Malaysia: Current Trends and Future Prospects
Authors: Omar Razali , Teo Wee Siong , Foo David , Han Chee Kok , Jamaluddin Ahmad Nizar , Low Lip Ping , Ong Tiong Kiam 
Published: August 2012

Atrial fibrillation (AF) imposes substantial burdens of morbidity and impaired health‐related quality of life, and significantly increases sufferers' risk of having a cardiovascular event, in particular a stroke. Prevalence of AF in Asia and the associated healthcare costs are likely to have been underestimated and are expected to increase due to greater awareness, population ageing and increasing prevalence of associated risk factors and comorbidities.The AF management paradigm is shifting from a conventional focus on achieving heart rate or rhythm control, towards endeavouring to use the safest agents available to reduce patients' symptoms and improve their quality of life and cardiovascular outcomes. No new anti‐AF drugs have been introduced for decades and existing pharmacotherapeutic modalities have potentially serious side effects as well as sub‐optimal efficacy in converting to and maintaining normal sinus rhythm and preventing recurrence.There is an unmet need for better anti‐arrhythmic drugs that are well tolerated, efficacious, cost‐effective and have a more favourable safety profile than current options. Although the perfect agent remains to be discovered, some promising new anti‐arrhythmic drugs have the potential to overcome certain limitations of established approaches to AF management.
Coincidence of composition and speed boundaries of the slow solar wind
Authors: Crooker N. U. , McPherron R. L. 
Published: August 2012

Recent studies have raised questions about the plasma characteristics that define what is called the “slow solar wind.” At issue is whether solar wind with low speed located far from the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) lacks the composition signatures characteristic of a streamer belt origin, where the streamer belt is understood to encompass the HCS. To test for this possibility, superposed epoch analysis of composition data at 1 AU was performed at stream interfaces. Since interfaces mark the boundary between what was originally fast and slow wind when it left the Sun, the analysis sidesteps the need to identify slow wind by its speed. At those interfaces where the slow wind precedes fast wind, the resulting pressure ridge creates an east‐west flow deflection that identifies the boundary. The analysis of 258 interfaces displaying an unambiguous deflection reveals sharp drops in the ratios of O7+/O6+, C6+/C5+, and Fe/O coincident with interface passage. The coincidence indicates that essentially all slow wind, including slow wind from pseudostreamers, has ionic and elemental composition characteristic of the streamer belt, independent of distance from the HCS. This finding is not unexpected in view of the well‐known drop in density and increase in proton temperature characteristic of interface passage. These parameters control entropy, which is well‐correlated with O7+/O6+.
Differences in insulin resistance markers between children born small for gestational age or born preterm appropriate for gestational age
Authors: Kistner Anna , Rakow Alexander , Legnevall Lena , Marchini Giovanna , Brismar Kerstin , Hall Kerstin , Vanpée Mireille 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAim:  To evaluate the impact of prenatal or postnatal compromised environment on glucose homoeostasis in children born preterm and appropriate for gestational age or small for gestational age (SGA) at term.Method:  Seventy‐seven children (median 9.9 years, range 8.5–10) born at Karolinska Hospital were allocated to three groups: 21 subjects born before 30 weeks of gestational age (preterm), 26 SGA at term and 30 at term with appropriate birth weight (control). Anthropometric measurements were taken, and fasting blood samples for haemoglobin A1c, glucose, insulin, IGFBP‐1, IGF‐1 and lipid profile were taken. Glucose, insulin and IGFBP‐1 samples were taken at 0, 30 and 120 min during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).Results:  Subjects born preterm or SGA were shorter and thinner compared with Controls. After adjustment for body mass index (BMI), the SGA group had higher basal insulin levels (p = 0.029), higher homoeostasis model assessment—insulin resistance (p = 0.012) and lower whole‐body insulin sensitivity index (p = 0.007) than Controls. IGFBP‐1 decrease during OGTT was attenuated in the Preterm group compared with the Control (p = 0.045) and SGA groups (p = 0.007).Conclusion:  The higher fasting insulin level in the SGA children, adjusted for BMI, could indicate peripheral insulin resistance. Preterm born children had reduced suppression of IGFBP‐1 during OGTT, suggesting hepatic insulin resistance.
Buccal and lingual bone level alterations after immediate implantation of four implant surfaces: a study in dogs
Authors: Bonfante Estevam A. , Janal Malvin N. , Granato Rodrigo , Marin Charles , Suzuki Marcelo , Tovar Nick , Coelho Paulo G. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectivesBone formation and maintenance around implants placed immediately after tooth extraction may be affected by implant surface treatment and compromise long‐term esthetic results. This study morphometrically evaluated buccal bone loss and bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) of four implant systems placed immediately after tooth extraction in a dog model.Material and MethodsThe premolars of eight beagle dogs were bilaterally extracted with a full‐thickness flap, and root‐form dental implants were placed on the root extraction socket. Implants (n = 16 each) with different surface treatments were placed from sites 1 to 4 and alternated between animals to allow evaluation of the same number of implants at sites and evaluation time points. Implant surface treatments were as follows: anodized, discrete crystalline deposition, SLActive, and microblasted. The left and right side provided implants that stayed for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Submerged healing was allowed and bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and buccal bone loss were morphometrically measured. Linear mixed models (P < 0.05) were used to assess differences between groups, across time, and their interaction.ResultsBuccal bone loss was observed to approximately double between 2 and 4 weeks (P = 0.01). BIC also increased between 2 and 4 weeks, by 20–25% (P = 0.01). These changes were statistically similar for each surface.ConclusionWhen placed immediately after tooth extraction, the evaluated histomorphometric parameters vary only with time.
Screening for depression and diabetes‐related distress in a diabetes outpatient clinic
Authors: Fleer J. , Tovote K. A. , Keers J. C. , Links T. P. , Sanderman R. , Coyne J. C. , Schroevers M. J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAims  To investigate: (1) the willingness of patients with diabetes to participate in a screening programme; (2) the extent to which patients with diabetes who screen positive endorse need for psychosocial care; (3) the rate of referral to psychosocial care during screening vs. usual care.Methods  Four hundred and ninety‐nine patients with diabetes were invited to complete the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression and the Problem Areas in Diabetes questionnaires. Patients screening positive on either instrument were invited for an interview. One year after screening was withdrawn, rates of referral to psychosocial care were assessed from physician reports of patient referrals.Results  In total, 349/499 (70%) patients with diabetes completed the questionnaire. Patients who did not take up the screening were younger, smoked more often and had higher HbA1c values. ‘No‐shows’ for clinical appointments accounted for 74% of non‐participation. Of the 104 (30% of 349) patients screening positive, 45 accepted an invitation for an interview. Finally, 36/104 (35%) would like a referral for psychological care. Seven per cent of patients were referred to psychological care during screening compared with 1% when screening was withdrawn.Conclusions  Results raise questions as to whether screening is the most efficient way to identify patients with psychological problems. Many patients did not take up the screening, especially those with low adherence to diabetes care in general. Furthermore, few patients screening positive wanted to be referred. Screening should be evaluated in the context of consideration of alternative ways to identify at‐risk patients, including providing resources to deal with patients with already known adjustment and adherence problems.