bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying pesticide-contaminated sediment sources in tropical coastal environments (Galion Bay, French West Indies)
Authors: Bizeul Rémi , Cerdan Olivier , Pak Lai Ting , Le Callonec Laurence , Huon Sylvain , Sabatier Pierre , Evrard Olivier 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Over the last 60 years, intensification of soil cultivation led to an acceleration of soil erosion and sediment delivery to river systems. In Martinique, this acceleration has led to the remobilization of a toxic insecticide (i.e. chlordecone) used in the 1970s-1990s to control banana weevil. A previous study attributed this accelerated remobilization to the application of glyphosate in plantations from the 1990s onwards. To further unambiguously confirm this link, the identification of soil erosion sources supplied to coastal sediment is essential.

Methods
Accordingly, sediment fingerprinting tools were adapted and applied to a coastal sediment core collected in the Galion Bay. Potential source samples (n=37) were collected across the drainage area. Along with the coastal sediment core layers, these samples were analysed for potential tracing properties. The optimal suite of tracers was then selected and introduced into an un-mixing model to quantify their contributions to coastal sediment.

Results
Results showed that subsoil (i.e. soil layer $$< 30$$

<
30

cm depth) and banana plantation soil surface supply the major sources of sediment (49-78% and 12-36%, respectively) to the Galion Bay and that their contributions increased since 2000, in line with chlordecone and glyphosate fluxes.

Conclusion
This evolution may be attributed to the higher sensitivity of banana plantations to erosion that may have been enhanced by the glyphosate application leaving the soil uncovered with vegetation and to the contamination of both topsoil and deep soil layers ($$< 30$$

<
30

cm) layers with chlordecone due to its vertical transfer along the soil profile and its redistribution across hillslopes.
Phenotyping sleep disturbances in ADHD and identifying harmonised outcome measures
Authors: Ipsiroglu Osman S. , Klösch Gerhard , Stein Mark , Blunden Sarah , Brand Serge , Clemens Stefan , Cortese Samuele , Dück Alexander , Dye Thomas , Gringras Paul , Kühle Hans-Jürgen , Lawrence Kate , Lecendreux Michel , Miano Silvia , Mollin Julian , Nobili Lino , Owens Judy , Kaur Pandher Parveer , Sadeghi-Bahmani Dena , Schlarb Angelika Anita , Schneider Barbara , Silvestri Rosalia , Smith Susan , Spruyt Karen , Weiss Margaret Danielle 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a widespread neurodevelopmental disorder. Currently, the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents is primarily centred on daytime functioning and the associated impairment of academic performance, although disrupted and restless sleep have been frequently reported in individuals with ADHD. Further, it has been recognised that sleep disorders not only intensify existing ADHD symptoms but in some cases can also mimic ADHD symptoms in the paediatric population with primary sleep disorders. Under the title ‘The blind spot: sleep as a child’s right issue?’, professionals from diverse disciplines, including medicine and social sciences as well as individuals with an interest in ADHD and sleep medicine, including laypeople, have initiated a unifying discourse. The objective of this discourse is to improve our understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD and disruptive behaviours and to develop personalised and precision medicine. Research has shown that the existing, primarily descriptive and categorical diagnostic systems do not capture the heterogeneous nature of youth with attentional and behavioural difficulties and the phenotypic expressions thereof, including nighttime behaviours and sleep. New strategies for clinical phenotyping and the exploration of patient-reported behaviours are necessary to expand our understanding and develop personalised treatment approaches. In this position paper, we outline gaps in the clinical care of ADHD and related sleep disturbances, review strategies for closing these gaps to meet the needs of individuals with ADHD, and suggest a roadmap for escaping the one-size-fits-all approach that has characterised ADHD treatment algorithms to date.
Mechanisms and evidence of prospective teachers’ learning through enquiry-oriented practices: the case of a lesson study intervention
Authors: García F. J. , Lendínez E. M. , Lerma A. M. , Abril A. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExisting research has highlighted the key role of observation and reflection in teacher learning during lesson study interventions, and how challenging it can be for pre-service teachers. This study focuses on the post-lesson discussion phase and on the observation of the research lesson of a lesson study process. It is carried out with early childhood education pre-service teachers who studied the Theory of Didactical Situations. The aim of our research is two-fold: finding evidence of the activation of pre-service teacher knowledge during the post-lesson discussion, and identifying mechanisms that may explain said activation as well as the potential development of their professional knowledge. To model pre-service teacher knowledge, the notion of teachers’ praxeological equipment from the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic, specified in the Theory of Didactical Situations, is used. It is hypothesised that potential teacher learning is mainly connected to the identification of particularly relevant episodes during the observation phase, henceforth referred to as critical events. The analysis of a group discussion on three critical events shows the activation and development of mathematical and didactic components of pre-service teachers’ praxeological equipment. However, it is found that it depends on the degree of dissonance these events can provoke, and on the quality and depth of the discussion that takes place around them. It is therefore concluded that the identification of critical events followed by productive discussion is a mechanism that explains teacher learning through lesson study, which can be enhanced by the intervention of teacher educators as mediators.
Design and development of a modular hydroponic tower with topology optimization
Authors: Patel Kushal , Chauhan Dhruv , Mishra Priyanka , Rath Jagat Jyoti , Saxena Kuldeep K. , Prasad K. S. Rajendra , Bandhu Din 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTower hydroponics has evolved as an inventive technique for sustainable agriculture, offering benefits in space utilization and water management, and it can be utilized to grow a wide variety of crops. In this work, a hydroponics tower with the advantages of high scalability and flexibility has been designed. The proposed tower comprises four independent modular units, each with four slots for growing plants. Water is supplied to the tower via two pipes connected by a ring-shaped disc to ensure efficient use of water resources. The system can accommodate 20 plants and is designed for optimal space utilization with a 1 m³ spacing. For efficient prototyping, topology optimization considering Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material was employed - for developing an optimal design of each module. The structural stability of the tower was analyzed for various loads corresponding to the number of plants on individual modules and the base of the tower. Utilizing finite element analysis (FEA), the von Mises stresses experienced by the individual modules, base, and the entire tower, and the corresponding displacements under such stress were computed, providing essential insights into potential weaknesses and areas requiring reinforcement. Specifically, each module under a maximum load of 2.3 kg experienced a stress of 4.386 × 105 N/m2 resulting in a displacement of 11.08 × 10− 3 mm of the ports. Similarly, for the base module under a cumulative load of 60 kg due to five modular units, the stress experienced was 3.773 × 105 N/m2 and the corresponding displacement was 15.30 × 10− 3 mm. Further, the structure was refined using topology optimization, and FEA analysis for a single module was performed. With a maximum mass reduction of 50%, the stress experienced was 1.468 × 105 N/m2 and the displacement was 3.448 × 10− 3 mm, thus exhibiting good structural stability. Detailed performance results for stress, strain, and displacements for other scenarios have been presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed design.
Are Hair Scalp Trace Elements Correlated with Atherosclerosis Location in Coronary Artery Disease?
Authors: Urbanowicz Tomasz , Hanć Anetta , Frąckowiak Julia , Białasik-Misiorny Maksymilian , Olasińska-Wiśniewska Anna , Krasińska Beata , Krasińska-Płachta Aleksandra , Tomczak Jolanta , Kowalewski Mariusz , Krasiński Zbigniew , Tykarski Andrzej , Jemielity Marek 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCoronary artery disease is among the leading current epidemiological challenges. The genetic, clinical, and lifestyle-related risk factors are well documented. The reason for specific epicardial artery locations remains unsolved. The coronary artery topography and blood flow characteristics may induce local inflammatory activation. The atherosclerotic plaque formation is believed to represent inflammatory response involving enzymatic processes co-factored by trace elements. The possible relation between trace elements and coronary artery disease location was the subject of the study. There were 175 patients (107 (61) men and 68 (39) females) in a median (Q1-3) age of 71 years (65–76) admitted for coronary angiography due to chronic coronary syndrome. The angiographic results focused on the percentage of lumen stenosis in certain arteries and were compared with the results for hair scalp trace elements. The correlation between left main coronary artery atherosclerotic plaques and nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and antimony (Sb) hair scalp concentration was noted. The analysis revealed a positive relation between left descending artery disease and chromium (Cr), sodium (Na), arsenic (As), and molybdenum (Mo) and a negative correlation with strontium (Sr). The atherosclerotic lesion in the circumflex artery revealed correlations in our analysis with sodium (Na), potassium (K), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), and negative with strontium (Sr) (r) hair scalp concentrations. The negative correlations between right coronary artery disease and magnesium (Mg) and strontium (Sr) concentrations were noted. The possible explanation of different epicardial artery involvement and severity by atherosclerotic processes may lay in their topography and blood rheological characteristics that induce different inflammatory reactions co0factored by specific trace elements. The trace element concentration in the hair scalp may correlate with a particular coronary atherosclerotic involvement, including the severity of lumen reduction. This may indicate the missing link between the pathophysiological processes of atherosclerosis development and its location in coronary arteries.
Mercury Exposure Assessment from the First Harmonised Total Diet Study in Portugal
Authors: Vasco Elsa , Dias M. Graça , Oliveira Luísa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the Portuguese population’s baseline exposure to methyl and inorganic mercury by a harmonised total diet study (TDS) methodology and the risk of exceeding the Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI). TDS food samples representative of the whole diet of the population were prepared as consumed, and analysed for total mercury. European Food Safety Authority’s (EFSA) conservative approach was used to estimate methylmercury and inorganic mercury and exposure was estimated using Monte Carlo Risk Assessment (MCRA) software. Mean, median and P95 exposure of the overall population (18 to 74 years old) to methylmercury and to inorganic mercury were 1.25, 0.01 and 5.45 µg/kg bw/week, and 0.37, 0.15 and 1.27 µg/kg bw/week, respectively. The percentage of individuals exceeding TWI was 27.6 for methylmercury and 3.5 for inorganic mercury. Regarding childbearing age women (18 to 45 years old), methylmercury mean exposure was 1.13 µg/kg bw/week with 25% of women exceeding the TWI. Cod and hake were the main contributors to mercury intake.
Silvaticusins A–D: ent-kaurane diterpenoids and a cyclobutane-containing ent-kaurane dimer from Isodon silvaticus
Authors: Hai Qi-Xiu , Hu Kun , Chen Su-Ping , Fu Yang-Yang , Li Xiao-Nian , Sun Han-Dong , He Hong-Ping , Puno Pema-Tenzin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThree new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, silvaticusins A–C (1–3), along with a new ent-kaurane dimer silvaticusin D (4) were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon silvaticus. The structures of these new compounds were established mainly by comprehensive analysis of their NMR and MS data. The absolute configuration of compounds 1 and 4 were determined using a single-crystal X-ray diffraction and computational methods, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 were found to exhibit remarkable cytotoxic effects against five human tumor cell lines (HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MDA-MB-231, and SW-480), with IC50 values spanning from 1.27 ± 0.08 to 7.52 ± 0.33 μM.
Graphical Abstract
Nano-multilayered ZrN-Ag/Mo-S-N film design for stable anti-frictional performance at a wide range of temperatures
Authors: Ju Hongbo , Luan Jing , Xu Junhua , Cavaleiro Albano , Evaristo Manuel , Fernandes Filipe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA multilayer film, composed by ZrN-Ag (20 nm) and Mo-S-N (10 nm) layers, combining the intrinsic lubricant characteristics of each layer was deposited using DC magnetron sputtering system, to promote lubrication in a wide-range of temperatures. The results showed that the ZrN-Ag/Mo-S-N multilayer film exhibited a sharp interface between the different layers. A face-centered cubic (fcc) dual-phases of ZrN and Ag co-existed in the ZrN-Ag layers, whilst the Mo-S-N layers displayed a mixture of hexagonal close-packed MoS2 (hcp-MoS2) nano-particles and an amorphous phase. The multilayer film exhibited excellent room temperature (RT) triblogical behavior, as compared to the individual monolayer film, due to the combination of a relative high hardness with the low friction properties of both layers. The reorientation of MoS2 parallel to the sliding direction also contributed to the enhanced anti-frictional performance at RT. At 400 °C, the reorientation of MoS2 as well as the formation of MoO3 phase were responsible for the lubrication, whilst the hard t-ZrO2 phase promoted abrasion and, consequently, led to increasing wear rate. At 600 °C, the Ag2MoO4 double-metal oxide was the responsible for the low friction and wear-resistance; furthermore, the observed transformation from t-ZrO2 to m-ZrO2, could also have contributed to the better tribological performance.
Instructional Technology Tetrahedron and Network Visualization: Conceptualizing Online Teaching Through a Lens of Reflective Noticing
Authors: Liu Jinqing , Buchbinder Orly 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOnline learning and teaching, accelerated by the global pandemic and rapid advancement of digital technology, require novel conceptual and analytical tools to understand better the evolving nature of online teaching. Drawing on the classical model of the instructional triangle and previous attempts to extend it, we propose the Instructional Technology Tetrahedron (ITT)—a conceptual framework that integrates technology into the instructional triangle to represent the role of technology, as a learning tool and a mediator between teachers, students, and content. Combining the ITT framework with network visualization strategies allowed for representing the intensity of interactions within the tetrahedron. We illustrate the affordances of the ITT framework by analyzing reflective noticing patterns of three prospective secondary teachers (PSTs) who reflected on the video recordings of their own online teaching, with each PST teaching four online lessons to groups of high-school students. We demonstrate the utility of the ITT framework to characterize individual noticing patterns, in a particular lesson and across time, and to support a variety of cross-case comparisons. The discussion sheds light on the broader implications of the ITT framework.
3D-Printed MOF Monoliths: Fabrication Strategies and Environmental Applications
Authors: Molavi Hossein , Mirzaei Kamyar , Barjasteh Mahdi , Rahnamaee Seyed Yahya , Saeedi Somayeh , Hassanpouryouzband Aliakbar , Rezakazemi Mashallah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively considered as one of the most promising types of porous and crystalline organic–inorganic materials, thanks to their large specific surface area, high porosity, tailorable structures and compositions, diverse functionalities, and well-controlled pore/size distribution. However, most developed MOFs are in powder forms, which still have some technical challenges, including abrasion, dustiness, low packing densities, clogging, mass/heat transfer limitation, environmental pollution, and mechanical instability during the packing process, that restrict their applicability in industrial applications. Therefore, in recent years, attention has focused on techniques to convert MOF powders into macroscopic materials like beads, membranes, monoliths, gel/sponges, and nanofibers to overcome these challenges.Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has achieved much interest because it can produce many high-resolution macroscopic frameworks with complex shapes and geometries from digital models. Therefore, this review summarizes the combination of different 3D printing strategies with MOFs and MOF-based materials for fabricating 3D-printed MOF monoliths and their environmental applications, emphasizing water treatment and gas adsorption/separation applications. Herein, the various strategies for the fabrication of 3D-printed MOF monoliths, such as direct ink writing, seed-assisted in-situ growth, coordination replication from solid precursors, matrix incorporation, selective laser sintering, and digital light processing, are described with the relevant examples. Finally, future directions and challenges of 3D-printed MOF monoliths are also presented to better plan future trajectories in the shaping of MOF materials with improved control over the structure, composition, and textural properties of 3D-printed MOF monoliths.
Polynomial Description of the Fe–C–Si Stable Phase Diagram for up to 4.5 wt% Si, Including the Effect of Cr, Cu, Mn and P
Authors: Sertucha Jon , Lacaze Jacques , Regordosa Anna , Suarez Ramon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractKnowledge of the relevant stable equilibrium phase diagram is a prerequisite for taking account of deviations from equilibrium when modeling the solidification of silicon cast irons. While a linear description is practical for silicon contents up to 3 wt%, the curvature of the austenite liquidus at higher silicon contents necessitates the use of second-order polynomials. This study was carried out with the aim of obtaining an accurate description up to 4.5 wt% silicon, representative of today’s emerging high-silicon cast irons. In addition, alloying with up to 1 wt% copper, 0.5 wt% manganese and 0.25 wt% chromium and phosphorus was considered. In parallel to a description of the liquidus of austenite and graphite, the austenite-liquid partition coefficients of all alloying elements have been described. This paves the way for future work aimed at providing an accurate description of microsegregation and other non-equilibrium phenomena occurring during the solidification of silicon cast irons.
Review Mechanisms for Advanced Medical Therapies in Japan and Thailand: A Proposal for the Use of Expert Clinical Benefit Assessments at Designated Institutions
Authors: Matsui Kenji , Israsena Nipan , Kaewkungwal Jaranit , Adams Pornpimon , Wendler David , Lie Reidar K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Advanced new therapies, such as stem cell and gene therapies and xenotransplantation, represent challenges for regulatory and ethical review. Major drug agencies, such as in the U.S., India, and Europe, have asserted regulatory authority and require ethics review by local ethics review committees, using the same strict requirements as those for standard drug approvals. In spite of this, unapproved and undocumented stem cell clinics flourish in all of these places, suggesting that current approaches do not offer patients sufficient protection. Japan has attempted another approach, requiring approvals at local levels for all regenerative medical procedures, and a faster approval of promising new interventions. The Japanese approach has, however, also been criticized as not striking a proper balance between early access and a proper assessment of safety and effectiveness. For smaller and less-resourced countries, such as Thailand, one major challenge is limited expertise to conduct the evaluation of these advanced new therapies. This article provides an overview of the issues facing regulators and proposes that countries should restrict the early adoption of advanced new therapies to specialized clinics with appropriate scientific and ethical expertise for review. Review in these institutions should focus on expert clinical benefit assessments for individual patients being offered such interventions, independently of whether they are offered as research or therapy.
Suitability of different artificial diets for mass rearing of six lepidopteran pest species
Authors: Strydom Elrine , Erasmus Annemie , Plessis Hannalene du , van den Berg Johnnie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBusseola fusca (Fuller) (Noctuidae), Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Crambidae), Eldana saccharina (Walker) (Pyralidae), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Noctuidae), Sesamia calamistis (Hampson) (Noctuidae) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Noctuidae) are six of the most important insect pests of sugarcane, sorghum and maize in Africa. Suitable artificial diets are needed for the continuous rearing of these species in sufficient numbers to support research on Bt protein-incorporated artificial diet bioassays, screening for host plant resistance, as well as for monitoring of insecticide and Cry-protein resistance evolution in pest populations. This study evaluated diet protocols for rearing of these species. Different noctuid and crambid diets were evaluated and the following life history parameters were recorded: larval survival and mass, larval duration, pupation rate, pupal mass, duration of pupal period and sex ratio. Chilo partellus, E. saccharina and H. armigera excelled on a sugarcane-incorporated diet with high larval survival and mass, pupation and the quickest development to adults. Busseola fusca, S. calamistis and S. frugiperda performed better on a maize leaf-incorporated diet. These two diets are considered optimal for the respective species and are recommended for use in rearing of these species.
Project Assemblages: Identity Realignment in China-Africa encounters in the Construction Industry in Congo-Brazzaville
Authors: Ning Rundong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany studies on China-Africa encounters have demonstrated the significance of ethnic and racial identities in these encounters. I reverse this perspective and ask: in what circumstances are China-Africa encounters shaped by identities other than racial and ethnic ones? Drawing on my ethnographic research in the construction industry in Congo-Brazzaville, I argue that the actions of many Chinese are often more influenced by their economic roles, such as workers, managers, and entrepreneurs than by their ethnic identity. Their identities are thus realigned in the economic encounters which I term “project assemblages.” This concept highlights the fluidity of multiple identities in economic encounters and shows that China-Africa encounters are a fertile ground for producing theories, beyond the China-Africa framework, on lived experiences of economic relationships.