bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal serotonin reuptake inhibition reduces hypercaloric diet effects on fat mass and hypothalamic gene expression in adult rats
Authors: Galindo Lígia Cristina Monteiro , Barros Manuella da Luz Duarte , Pinheiro Isabeli Lins , Santana Ricardo Vinicius de Carvalho , de Matos Rhowena Jane Barbosa , Leandro Carol Góis , de Souza Sandra Lopes , de Castro Raul Manhães 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundSerotonin (5‐HT) is involved in nervous system ontogenesis, and is important for neurotransmission and behavior modulation after the developmental stage. Alterations in 5‐HT levels during the early period of life may signal to feeding behavior and hypothalamic genic expression changes in adulthood.ObjectivesInvestigate the effects of hypercaloric diet in adult rats submitted to neonatal serotonin reuptake inhibition on food intake, fat pad mass, plasmatic triglycerides/cholesterol and gene expression of hypothalamic peptides (POMC, NPY) and serotonin receptors (5‐HT1B, 5‐HT2C).MethodsIn each litter, 8 pups were divided into two groups: control (C) and fluoxetine (F). From the 1st to the 21st postnatal day, C pups received sterile saline while F pups received fluoxetine (10 mg/kg). From 180 to 215 days, a group of rats from C and F groups were fed hypercaloric diet (CH and FH, 421.4 Kcal/100 g) while the rest of animals from C and F groups fed chow diet (CC and FC).ResultsThe use of hypercaloric diet was associated with lower accumulation of white adipose tissue in adult rats subjected to neonatal serotonin reuptake inhibition. Adult rats of group FC showed decreased 5‐HT2C and neuropeptide Y mRNA expression compared with control chow diet group (CC). After chronic use of a hypercaloric diet, the expression of 5‐HT2C was higher in the FH group than the FC group and neuropeptide Y expression decreased in FH related to FC.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that neonatal serotonin reuptake inhibition is associated with better adaptation to hypercaloric diet in adult rats.
Age‐dependent differential expression profile of a novel intergenic long noncoding RNA in rat brain
Authors: Kour Sukhleen , Rath Pramod C 
Published: August 2015

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are ≥200 nt long, abundant class of non‐protein coding RNAs that are transcribed in complex, sense‐ and antisense patterns from the intergenic and intronic regions of mammalian genome. Mammalian central nervous system constitutes the largest repertoire of noncoding transcripts that are known to be expressed in developmentally regulated and cell‐type specific manners. Although many lncRNAs, functioning in the brain development and diseases are known, none involved in brain aging has been reported so far. Here, we report involvement of a novel, repeat sequence (simple repeats and SINES)‐containing, trans‐spliced, long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA (lincRNA), named as LINC‐RBE (rat brain expressed transcript) involved in maturation and aging of mammalian brain. The LINC‐RBE is strongly expressed in the rat brain and the upstream/downstream sequences of its DNA in the chromosome 5 contain binding sites for many cell growth, survival and development‐specific transcriptional factors. Through RT‐PCR and RNA in situ hybridization, LINC‐RBE was found to be expressed in an age‐dependent manner with significantly higher level of expression in the brain of adult (16 weeks) compared to both immature (4 weeks) and old (70 weeks) rats. Moreover, the expression pattern of the LINC‐RBE showed distinct association with the specific neuro‐anatomical regions, cell types and sub‐cellular compartments of the rat brain in an age‐related manner. Thus, its expression increased from immature stage to adulthood and declined further in old age. This is a first‐time report of involvement of an intergenic repeat sequence‐containing lncRNA in different regions of the rat brain in an age‐dependent manner.
4‐protein signature predicting tamoxifen treatment outcome in recurrent breast cancer
Authors: De Marchi Tommaso , Liu Ning Qing , Stingl Cristoph , Timmermans Mieke A. , Smid Marcel , Look Maxime P. , Tjoa Mila , Braakman Rene B.H. , Opdam Mark , Linn Sabine C. , Sweep Fred C.G.J. , Span Paul N. , Kliffen Mike , Luider Theo M. , Foekens John A. , Martens John W.M. , Umar Arzu 
Published: August 2015

Estrogen receptor (ER) positive tumors represent the majority of breast malignancies, and are effectively treated with hormonal therapies, such as tamoxifen. However, in the recurrent disease resistance to tamoxifen therapy is common and a major cause of death. In recent years, in‐depth proteome analyses have enabled identification of clinically useful biomarkers, particularly, when heterogeneity in complex tumor tissue was reduced using laser capture microdissection (LCM). In the current study, we performed high resolution proteomic analysis on two cohorts of ER positive breast tumors derived from patients who either manifested good or poor outcome to tamoxifen treatment upon recurrence. A total of 112 fresh frozen tumors were collected from multiple medical centers and divided into two sets: an in‐house training and a multi‐center test set. Epithelial tumor cells were enriched with LCM and analyzed by nano‐LC Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS), which yielded >3000 and >4000 quantified proteins in the training and test sets, respectively. Raw data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD000484 and PXD000485. Statistical analysis showed differential abundance of 99 proteins, of which a subset of 4 proteins was selected through a multivariate step‐down to develop a predictor for tamoxifen treatment outcome. The 4‐protein signature significantly predicted poor outcome patients in the test set, independent of predictive histopathological characteristics (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15 to 4.17; multivariate Cox regression p value = 0.017). Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of PDCD4, one of the signature proteins, on an independent set of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tumor tissues provided and independent technical validation (HR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.57 to 0.92; multivariate Cox regression p value = 0.009). We hereby report the first validated protein predictor for tamoxifen treatment outcome in recurrent ER‐positive breast cancer. IHC further showed that PDCD4 is an independent marker.
A Clinical Comparative Study of Ultrasound‐Normal Versus Ultrasound‐Abnormal Congenital Muscular Torticollis
Authors: Lee Yong‐Taek , Park Jong‐Wan , Lim Mikyung , Yoon Kyung Jae , Kim Yong Bum , Chung Pil‐Wook , Park Hee‐Jin , Lee So‐Yeon 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and outcome of outpatient‐based physiotherapy (manual stretch) of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) with passive neck motion limitation (≥10°) according to whether the finding on ultrasonography (US) is normal or abnormal.DesignCase‐control study.SettingInstitutional practice.ParticipantsA total of 149 patients with CMT who met eligibility criteria were included: age at presentation ≤6 months, limitation of passive neck rotation (ΔROT) or lateral flexion (ΔLAT) ≥10°, and completion of our outpatient‐based physiotherapy program.InterventionsPatients were allocated to the US‐normal or US‐abnormal group. Patients underwent physiotherapy and were followed‐up monthly until ΔROT and ΔLAT were ≤5° or did not respond to treatment.Main Outcome MeasurementsBaseline characteristics, initial ΔROT and ΔLAT, age at presentation, treatment durations, and success rates of physiotherapy were compared between 2 groups. Treatment duration was adjusted for initial ΔROT, ΔLAT, and age at presentation using analysis of covariance.ResultsMean initial ΔROT and ΔLAT in US‐abnormal (28.5°; 17.0°) were greater than in US‐normal (7.9°, P < .001; 12.3°, P = .001, respectively). Mean age at presentation was older in US‐normal (3.8 months) than in US‐abnormal (1.8 months, P < .001). Treatment duration was shorter in the US‐normal (5.1 weeks) than US‐abnormal (14.9 weeks, P < .001). Adjusted treatment duration was also shorter in US‐normal (9.7 weeks) than US‐abnormal (13.8 weeks, P < .05). The success rates of physiotherapy were 95% in US‐abnormal and 100% in US‐normal. Two of 6 treatment failures in the US‐abnormal group underwent surgery.ConclusionsIn CMT with passive neck motion limitation (≥10°), patients in the US‐normal group demonstrated lesser passive neck motion limitation and older age at presentation than US‐abnormal. It seems that US‐normal showed shorter treatment duration irrespective of severity of neck motion limitation and age at presentation. Additionally, manual stretching applied before 6 months of age appears to show generally good outcome regardless of US findings.
Desarrollo personal en estudiantes de primer año en ciencia forense. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Authors: Petra Micu Ileana María , García Castillo Zoraida , Valencia Caballero Lorena , Herrera Saint Leu Patricia Margarita 
Published: August 2015

Introducción: La licenciatura en ciencia forense es una carrera de reciente creación en México, y el perfil del egresado requiere que este cuente con una serie de habilidades esenciales para su crecimiento personal y profesional.
Objetivo: Este trabajo constituye el primer informe de una investigación de tipo educativo realizada con el objeto de dar seguimiento al desarrollo personal de la primera generación de alumnos de la licenciatura en ciencia forense con el fin de conocer sus requerimientos para una intervención.
Método: Se trata de un estudio transversal descriptivo, comparativo y correlacional de las habilidades de estudiantes del primer semestre de la licenciatura de ciencia forense y su relación con el rendimiento escolar de estos. Se aplicaron 11 escalas tipo Likert para evaluar las habilidades referidas: «Autoestima», «Autoconocimiento y expresión emocional», «Compromiso», «Creatividad», «Resiliencia y afrontamiento», «Autocrítica y heterocrítica», «Optimismo», «Confianza en sí mismo», «Asertividad y liderazgo», «Empatía», así como «Trabajo, apoyo en equipo y habilidades sociales e interpersonales».
Resultados: Se observó que tienden a obtener mejores promedios de calificación aquellos estudiantes que: reportan niveles más elevados de autoestima (rs = 0.357; p = 0.038), manifiestan un mayor compromiso (rs = 0.289; p = 0.049), y reportan un mejor manejo de la autocrítica y heterocrítica (rs = 0.309; p = 0.038). Asimismo, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el nivel de desarrollo de algunas habilidades, dependiendo del sexo y del tipo de escuela de procedencia de los alumnos.
Conclusiones: Con base en los resultados obtenidos, se recomienda trabajar en el crecimiento personal del estudiante, en especial en su autoestima, su compromiso con las actividades escolares, así como en su habilidad para realizar una crítica adecuada de sí mismo y aceptar las observaciones de los demás sobre él, ya que una mejora en el desarrollo de estas habilidades puede favorecer su desempeño académico.
Climatic variability in the northern sector of the American tropics since the latest MIS 3
Authors: Lozano-García Socorro , Ortega Beatriz , Roy Priyadarsi D. , Beramendi-Orosco Laura , Caballero Margarita 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe inferred millennial-scale climate variations and paleohydrological conditions in the northern sector of the American tropics for 30.3–5.5 cal ka BP using geochemical characteristics of sediments from Lake Chalco in central Mexico. The sediment sequence is chronologically constrainedwith three tephra and nine radiocarbon dates. Temporal variations in titanium, total inorganic carbon, total organic carbon/titanium ratio, carbon/nitrogen ratio, and silica/titanium ratio indicate changes in runoff, salinity, productivity, and sources. Higher concentrations of Ti indicate more runoff during latest Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 (30.3–28.6 cal ka BP). Runoff was lower during the last glacial maximum (LGM; 23–19 cal ka BP) than during the Heinrich 2 event (26–24 cal ka BP). The interval of reduced runoff continued up to 17.5 cal ka BP but increased during the Bølling/Allerød. Trends of decreasing runoff and increasing salinity are observed throughout MIS 1. Lake Chalco received less runoff during the LGM compared to deglaciation, opposite the trend of other North American tropical records. Different amounts of rainfall at different sites are possibly due to shifts in the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, changes in the size of the Altlanticwarmpool, and varying sea-surface temperatures of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
The Role of Government in the Labor–Creditor Relationship: Evidence from the Chrysler Bankruptcy
Authors: Blaylock Bradley , Edwards Alexander , Stanfield Jared 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe examine the role of government in the labor–creditor relationship using the case of the Chrysler bankruptcy. As a result of the government intervention, firms in more unionized industries experienced lower event-window abnormal bond returns, higher abnormal bond yields, and lower cumulative abnormal bond returns. The results are stronger for firms closer to distress. We also observe the effect in firms in which labor bargaining power is stronger and those with larger pension liabilities. Overall, the results underline the importance of government as a significant force in shaping the agency conflict between creditors and workers.
Relationship between rural depopulation and puma-human conflict in the high Andes of Chile
Authors: OHRENS OMAR , TREVES ADRIAN , BONACIC CRISTIÁN 
Published: August 2015

SUMMARYRural depopulation has different effects on biodiversity and ecosystems in many regions of the world. For large carnivores such as pumas (Puma concolor) the effects are uncertain. An analysis of relationships between patterns of rural depopulation and perceptions of the risk posed by pumas among Aymara people in the altiplano region of Chile examined perceived risk, as well as self-reported losses, in relation to livestock husbandry, sociodemographic variables (age, household size, and residency status), and reported self-sufficiency. There was no evidence that rural depopulation elevated perceived risk, or the level of self-reported losses of livestock blamed on pumas. Indeed, many respondents, including older respondents and those with smaller households, reported a decline in perceived risk over the preceding five years. These perceptions of risk were not associated with self-reported losses to pumas in the previous year. An increase in perceived risk was associated with the use of guards for livestock, suggesting livestock owners accommodated their absences from herds by using guards. Absolute numbers of livestock lost increased with the distance from households to where livestock were grazed or gave birth. A cost-effective verification system for puma attacks is recommended, and further human dimensions research is required to identify the owners who complained and the costs and benefits of different wildlife species. Further interventions to prevent either livestock losses or retaliation against pumas can then be targeted more precisely.
Communitywide cryptosporidiosis outbreak associated with a surface water-supplied municipal water system – Baker City, Oregon, 2013
Authors: DeSILVA M. B. , SCHAFER S. , KENDALL SCOTT M. , ROBINSON B. , HILLS A. , BUSER G. L. , SALIS K. , GARGANO J. , YODER J. , HILL V. , XIAO L. , ROELLIG D. , HEDBERG K. 
Published: August 2015

SUMMARYCryptosporidium, a parasite known to cause large drinking and recreational water outbreaks, is tolerant of chlorine concentrations used for drinking water treatment. Human laboratory-based surveillance for enteric pathogens detected a cryptosporidiosis outbreak in Baker City, Oregon during July 2013 associated with municipal drinking water. Objectives of the investigation were to confirm the outbreak source and assess outbreak extent. The watershed was inspected and city water was tested for contamination. To determine the community attack rate, a standardized questionnaire was administered to randomly sampled households. Weighted attack rates and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Water samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium species; a Cryptosporidium parvum subtype common in cattle was detected in human stool specimens. Cattle were observed grazing along watershed borders; cattle faeces were observed within watershed barriers. The city water treatment facility chlorinated, but did not filter, water. The community attack rate was 28·3% (95% CI 22·1–33·6), sickening an estimated 2780 persons. Watershed contamination by cattle probably caused this outbreak; water treatments effective against Cryptosporidium were not in place. This outbreak highlights vulnerability of drinking water systems to pathogen contamination and underscores the need for communities to invest in system improvements to maintain multiple barriers to drinking water contamination.
Inhibition of ZEB1 expression induces redifferentiation of adult human β cells expanded in vitro
Authors: Sintov Elad , Nathan Gili , Knoller Sarah , Pasmanik-Chor Metsada , Russ Holger A. , Efrat Shimon 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn-vitro expansion of functional adult human β-cells is an attractive approach for generating insulin-producing cells for transplantation. However, human islet cell expansion in culture results in loss of β-cell phenotype and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This process activates expression of ZEB1 and ZEB2, two members of the zinc-finger homeobox family of E-cadherin repressors, which play key roles in EMT. Downregulation of ZEB1 using shRNA in expanded β-cell-derived (BCD) cells induced mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), β-cell gene expression and proliferation attenuation. In addition, inhibition of ZEB1 expression potentiated redifferentiation induced by a combination of soluble factors, as judged by an improved response to glucose stimulation and a 3-fold increase in the fraction of C-peptide-positive cells to 60% of BCD cells. Furthermore, ZEB1 shRNA led to increased insulin secretion in cells transplanted in vivo. Our findings suggest that the effects of ZEB1 inhibition are mediated by attenuation of the miR-200c target genes SOX6 and SOX2. These findings, which were reproducible in cells derived from multiple human donors, emphasize the key role of ZEB1 in EMT in cultured BCD cells and support the value of ZEB1 inhibition for BCD cell redifferentiation and generation of functional human β-like cells for cell therapy of diabetes.
Anomalous High-Energy Waterfall-Like Electronic Structure in 5 d Transition Metal Oxide Sr2IrO4 with a Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling
Authors: Liu Yan , Yu Li , Jia Xiaowen , Zhao Jianzhou , Weng Hongming , Peng Yingying , Chen Chaoyu , Xie Zhuojin , Mou Daixiang , He Junfeng , Liu Xu , Feng Ya , Yi Hemian , Zhao Lin , Liu Guodong , He Shaolong , Dong Xiaoli , Zhang Jun , Xu Zuyan , Chen Chuangtian , Cao Gang , Dai Xi , Fang Zhong , Zhou X. J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe low energy electronic structure of Sr2IrO4 has been well studied and understood in terms of an effective Jeff = 1/2 Mott insulator model. However, little work has been done in studying its high energy electronic behaviors. Here we report a new observation of the anomalous high energy electronic structure in Sr2IrO4. By taking high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission measurements on Sr2IrO4 over a wide energy range, we have revealed for the first time that the high energy electronic structures show unusual nearly-vertical bands that extend over a large energy range. Such anomalous high energy behaviors resemble the high energy waterfall features observed in the cuprate superconductors. While strong electron correlation plays an important role in producing high energy waterfall features in the cuprate superconductors, the revelation of the high energy anomalies in Sr2IrO4, which exhibits strong spin-orbit coupling and a moderate electron correlation, points to an unknown and novel route in generating exotic electronic excitations.
Free and bound excitonic effects in Al0.5Ga0.5N/Al0.35Ga0.65N MQWs with different Si-doping levels in the well layers
Authors: He Chenguang , Qin Zhixin , Xu Fujun , Hou Mengjun , Zhang Shan , Zhang Lisheng , Wang Xinqiang , Ge Weikun , Shen Bo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFree exciton (FX) and bound exciton (BX) in Al0.5Ga0.5N/Al0.35Ga0.65N multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with different Si-doping levels in the well layers are investigated by photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Low temperature (10 K) PL spectra identify a large binding energy of 87.4 meV for the BX in undoped sample and 63.6 meV for the BX in Si-doped (2 × 1018 cm−3) sample. They are attributed to O-bound and Si-bound excitons, respectively. The large binding energies of BX are assumed to originate from the strong quantum confinement in the quantum wells, which also leads to a stronger FX PL peak intensity in comparison with BX at 10 K. Si-doping is found to suppress the FX quenching by reducing threading dislocation density (TDD) in the well layers, leading to a significant improvement of IQE from 33.7% to 45%.
Modified high-intensity interval training reduces liver fat and improves cardiac function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hallsworth Kate , Thoma Christian , Hollingsworth Kieren G. , Cassidy Sophie , Anstee Quentin M. , Day Christopher P. , Trenell Michael I. 
Published: August 2015

Although lifestyle changes encompassing weight loss and exercise remain the cornerstone of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management, the effect of different types of exercise on NAFLD is unknown. This study defines the effect of modified high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on liver fat, cardiac function and metabolic control in adults with NAFLD. Twenty-three patients with NAFLD [age 54±10 years, body mass index (BMI) 31±4 kg/m2, intra-hepatic lipid &gt;5%) were assigned to either 12 weeks HIIT or standard care (controls). HIIT involved thrice weekly cycle ergometry for 30–40 min. MRI and spectroscopy were used to assess liver fat, abdominal fat and cardiac structure/function/energetics. Glucose control was assessed by oral glucose tolerance test and body composition by air displacement plethysmography. Relative to control, HIIT decreased liver fat (11±5% to 8±2% compared with 10±4% to 10±4% P=0.019), whole-body fat mass (35±7 kg to 33±8 kg compared with 31±9 kg to 32±9 kg, P=0.013), alanine (52±29 units/l to 42±20 units/l compared with 47±22 units/l to 51±24 units/l, P=0.016) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 36±18 units/l to 33±15 units/l compared with 31±8 units/l to 35±8 units/l, P=0.017) and increased early diastolic filling rate (244±84 ml/s to 302±107 ml/s compared with 255±82 ml/s to 251±82 ml/s, P=0.018). There were no between groups differences in glucose control. Modified HIIT reduces liver fat and improves body composition alongside benefits to cardiac function in patients with NAFLD and should be considered as part of the broader treatment regimen by clinical care teams. ISRCTN trial ID: ISRCTN78698481.