bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Dynamics and Discourse Moves: A Closer Look Into a Twitter-Facilitated Professional Learning Space
Authors: Zheng Binbin , Beck Dallaghan Gary , Wang Zilu 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Professionals use Twitter because of its potential to support easy and rapid communication among like-minded people. It is also used widely by educators to support the establishment of professional learning spaces. This study investigates social interactions and knowledge construction in synchronous online discussions using the Twitter hashtag #MedEdChat.

Methods:
Three synchronous Twitter discussions on #MedEdChat during the early part of the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. Social network analysis was conducted to capture the social interactions among their participants and network dynamics. Content analysis was used to examine the nature of tweets posted on #MedEdChat, including social-related, cognitive-related, and moderation-related tweets.

Results:
In all three discussions, a small number of individuals dominated the interactions, while also serving as hubs for connections with others in more peripheral positions. Very few participants were isolated nodes who never interacted with others during the online discussions. Our content analysis suggested that parties to these discussions posted social-related posts the most, followed by cognitive-related ones. Social posts focused on others' messages, continuing threads, issuing compliments and greetings, and expressing emotions. Cognitive-related posts, on the other hand, mostly focused on information exchange/sharing or asking content-related questions to promote discussion (ie, triggering event).

Discussion:
By examining social dynamics and discourse moves in Twitter-supported online synchronous discussions using the #MedEdChat hashtag, this study found that Twitter has the potential to facilitate professional learning spaces in which a few highly active individuals serve as portals for connections and interactions among all discussants. In addition, in such communities, social-related and cognitive-related tweets could promote social interactions and knowledge construction.
Utility of the Repetitive Nerve Stimulation Test and Needle EMG in the Trapezius Muscle for the Early Diagnosis of ALS
Authors: Takahashi Kazusa , Hamada Yuichi , Kobayashi Masahito , Kobayashi Shunsuke , Kanbayashi Takamichi , Hatanaka Yuki , Nakayama Takahiro , Imafuku Ichiro , Matsuno Hiromasa , Iguchi Yasuyuki , Katada Fumiaki , Fukutake Toshio , Ando Tetsuo , Mikata Takashi , Usui Toru , Uchino Katsuyuki , Nishiyama Kazutoshi , Sonoo Masahiro 
Published: August 2024

Objectives:
To document the utility of decremental responses in the repetitive nerve stimulation test (RNS) and spontaneous activities in needle electromyography (EMG) in the trapezius muscle for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Methods:
Subjects were retrospectively identified from our EMG database. Cervical spondylosis was represented as a disease control group. We investigated the sensitivity and specificity of RNS and EMG in the trapezius muscle and those of diagnostic criteria including the Gold Coast criteria (GCC).

Results:
We reviewed 120 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 17 patients with cervical spondylosis. “RNS or EMG” achieved the highest sensitivity (85%). The specificity was the highest for RNS (94%). Addition of RNS of the deltoid muscle achieved 98% sensitivity in the upper-limb onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The sensitivity of the GCC was very high (88%).

Conclusions:
Neurophysiological parameters investigated in this study having close to 100% specificities or sensitivities are useful as complements to the GCC.
What is in the Myopathy Literature?
Authors: Isfort Michael , Lacomis David 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This update begins with a section on inflammatory myopathies covering inclusion body myositis in younger patients, the possibility of a pathogenic role for anti-cN1A antibodies, and a negative trial of arimoclomol in inclusion body myositis. The potential study of Janus kinase inhibitors in dermatomyositis is discussed as well as the possible role of targeted therapy for immune checkpoint inhibitor neuromuscular complications. Next, studies of disease-modifying or potential disease-modifying therapies for inherited myopathies are addressed including the encouraging follow-up study of gene replacement therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a negative trial of tamoxifen in DMD, and the complex topic of gene therapy for X-linked myotubular myopathy. A newly identified condition of muscular dystrophy from 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase mutations is addressed along with possible therapy. Other papers regarding GNE myopathy and long-term outcome of enzyme replacement therapy in infantile onset Pompe disease round out that section. Updates on the expanding spectra of anoctamin-5 myopathies, caveolinopathies, and congenital and mylagic myopathies from CACNA1S mutations follow as well as extensive discussion of Valosin containing protein proteinopathies, comprehensive management of Becker muscular dystrophy, and gastrointestinal complications in adult DMD.
Acute Multiple Cranial Neuropathies in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy: A Case Report and Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Shahjouei Shima , Calmet Michelle , Grogan James , Mamarabadi Mansoureh 
Published: August 2024

Objectives:Cranial nerve (CN) involvement is not a common feature of typical chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Patients with acute presentation of CN palsy in CIDP may be misdiagnosed and treated as other pathologies.Methods:We report a patient with multiple cranial neuropathies at the onset of CIDP in detail. In addition, we reviewed a large cohort of patients with CN involvement in CIDP and summarized their characteristics and clinical findings.Results:We presented a 28-year-old woman who presented with progressive weakness and involvement of CN III, VII, X, XII in the subacute phase who was diagnosed as CIDP and was treated accordingly. A scoping review of the literature resulted in a total of 59 patients with available patient-level data [61.2% men, median age of 32 (Q1–Q3; 20–51.5) years]. CN impairment was present in the acute phase of the polyneuropathy in 10 out of 43 patients (23.3%), while it took a median of 7.7 [Q1–Q3; 3–13] years for other patients to present CN palsy. Sensitivity analysis did not reveal any difference among patients with acute-phase presentation of CN symptoms (N = 11) compared with those with delayed CN palsy (N = 33) in terms of demographics, patterns of CN involvement, associated diminished sensorimotor findings, or relapse. However, patients with acute presentation of CN palsy underwent plasmapheresis approximately 4 times more than those with delayed CN presentations (45.5% vs. 12.1%,P= 0.02).Conclusion:In this case presentation and review study, we observed that in one-fourth of patients with CIDP and CN neuropathy, CN involvement occurred in the acute phase. This finding indicates the necessity of considering CIDP among differential diagnoses of patients with CN involvement and polyneuropathies.
Community profiles in northeastern and central Pennsylvania characterized by distinct social, natural, food, and physical activity environments and their relation to type 2 diabetes
Authors: Moon Katherine A. , Poulsen Melissa N. , Bandeen-Roche Karen , Hirsch Annemarie G. , DeWalle Joseph , Pollak Jonathan , Schwartz Brian S. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Understanding geographic disparities in type 2 diabetes (T2D) requires approaches that account for communities’ multidimensional nature.

Methods:
In an electronic health record nested case–control study, we identified 15,884 cases of new-onset T2D from 2008 to 2016, defined using encounter diagnoses, medication orders, and laboratory test results, and frequency-matched controls without T2D (79,400; 65,069 unique persons). We used finite mixture models to construct community profiles from social, natural, physical activity, and food environment measures. We estimated T2D odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using logistic generalized estimating equation models, adjusted for sociodemographic variables. We examined associations with the profiles alone and combined them with either community type based on administrative boundaries or Census-based urban/rural status.

Results:
We identified four profiles in 1069 communities in central and northeastern Pennsylvania along a rural-urban gradient: “sparse rural,” “developed rural,” “inner suburb,” and “deprived urban core.” Urban areas were densely populated with high physical activity resources and food outlets; however, they also had high socioeconomic deprivation and low greenness. Compared with “developed rural,” T2D onset odds were higher in “deprived urban core” (1.24, CI = 1.16–1.33) and “inner suburb” (1.10, CI = 1.04–1.17). These associations with model-based community profiles were weaker than when combined with administrative boundaries or urban/rural status.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that in urban areas, diabetogenic features overwhelm T2D-protective features. The community profiles support the construct validity of administrative-community type and urban/rural status, previously reported, to evaluate geographic disparities in T2D onset in this geography.
Computed tomography–based radial endobronchial ultrasound image simulation of peripheral pulmonary lesions using deep learning
Authors: Zhang Chunxi , Zhou Yongzheng , Sun Chuanqi , Zhang Jilei , Chen Junxiang , Zheng Xiaoxuan , Li Ying , Liu Xiaoyao , Liu Weiping , Sun Jiayuan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives
Radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) plays an important role during transbronchial sampling of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). However, existing navigational bronchoscopy systems provide no guidance for R-EBUS. To guide intraoperative R-EBUS probe manipulation, we aimed to simulate R-EBUS images of PPLs from preoperative computed tomography (CT) data using deep learning.

Materials and Methods
Preoperative CT and intraoperative ultrasound data of PPLs in 250 patients who underwent R-EBUS–guided transbronchial lung biopsy were retrospectively collected. Two-dimensional CT sections perpendicular to the biopsy path were transformed into ultrasonic reflection and transmission images using an ultrasound propagation model to obtain the initial simulated R-EBUS images. A cycle generative adversarial network was trained to improve the realism of initial simulated images. Objective and subjective indicators were used to evaluate the similarity between real and simulated images.

Results
Wasserstein distances showed that utilizing the cycle generative adversarial network significantly improved the similarity between real and simulated R-EBUS images. There was no statistically significant difference in the long axis, short axis, and area between real and simulated lesions (all P > 0.05). Based on the experts’ evaluation, a median similarity score of ≥4 on a 5-point scale was obtained for lesion size, shape, margin, internal echoes, and overall similarity.

Conclusions
Simulated R-EBUS images of PPLs generated by our method can closely mimic the corresponding real images, demonstrating the potential of our method to provide guidance for intraoperative R-EBUS probe manipulation.
Circular RNA LDLRAD3 promotes gastric cancer progression by upregulating COL4A5 through sponging miR-h37
Authors: Li Chenghui , Xing Xiao , Huang Sinian , Zhu Ting , Yan Bin 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Circular RNAs play an important role in the development of gastric cancer (GC). circ-low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 3 (LDLRAD3) has been confirmed to be related to GC progression. miR-137 is also a suppressor in GC. However, the impact of the interaction between circ-LDLRAD3 and miR-137 on the progression of GC remains unclear at present.

Methods:
The study identified expression level differences of circ-LDLRAD3, miR-137, and COL4A5 in GC pathological specimens compared to normal tissue samples. Furthermore, through in vitro experiments, including flow cytometry, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, wound healing, Western blotting, and colony formation assays, we further explored the molecular regulatory mechanisms by which these factors promote the progression of GC.

Results:
In this study, circ-LDLRAD3 was confirmed to have higher expression, and miR-137 had lower expression in GC tissues and cell lines. circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown and miR-137 overexpression promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in GC cell lines. Further experiments validated that COL4A5 had a positive relationship with GC and that circ-LDLRAD3 promoted the expression of COL4A5. circ-LDLRAD3 could be sponged and inhibited by miR-137 in GC cells. As a result, the promotional effect of circ-LDLRAD3 on COL4A5 was counteracted by miR-137.

Conclusion:
Our study showed that the knockdown of circ-LDLRAD3 suppressed the development of GC by regulating the miR-137/COL4A5 axis.
Supportive Workplace Wellness Cultures and Mattering Are Associated With Less Burnout and Mental Health Issues in Nurse Managers
Authors: Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek , Chenot Teri , Hsieh Andreanna Pavan , Messinger Jeffrey 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
The aims of this study were to describe burnout, mental health, and healthy lifestyle behaviors of nurses in a managerial role and assess associations among workplace culture factors (perceived culture, mattering, support, and staff shortages) with burnout, mental health outcomes, and healthy lifestyle behaviors.

BACKGROUND
Nurse managers foster unit-based wellness cultures, yet burnout and mental health problems adversely impact the culture and well-being of staff.

METHODS
A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used. The Florida Organization for Nursing Leadership enabled distribution of a wellness survey to nurse managers.

RESULTS
There were 125 participants. Healthy lifestyle behaviors were infrequently practiced. Analysis revealed significant correlations among workplace culture factors, burnout, and mental health outcomes. When compared with nurse managers with staff shortages, those without staff shortages were 6.11 times more likely to not screen positive for burnout.

CONCLUSIONS
Health systems should address workplace culture factors and staff shortages to reduce burnout, improve mental health, and enhance healthy behaviors in nurse managers.
Trajectory of Infant Problematic Feeding Symptoms: Study Protocol
Authors: Thoyre Suzanne M. , Park Jinhee , Crandell Jamie , Estrem Hayley , Knafl Kathleen , Wimmer John 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Infants with developmental risk factors are more likely to have feeding problems and develop chronic feeding disorders. Early detection and understanding of the progression of problematic feeding and its relationship with a child’s biological functioning and the family feeding environment will enhance effective symptom management and development of interventions to prevent pediatric feeding disorders.

Objectives
The New Through Two (NewThru2) feeding study protocol is described. Study aims are to (a) characterize symptoms of problematic feeding and trajectories of symptoms from pre-discharge from neonatal intensive care through age 24 months; (b) determine the relationship of child biological function at discharge with symptom characteristics and trajectories; (c) describe the child’s feeding environment and its relationship to symptoms from discharge through 24 months; and (d) determine the relationship between problematic feeding symptoms and growth and developmental outcomes.

Methods
NewThru2 is a prospective, longitudinal, mixed method study following over 200 infants who received care in a neonatal intensive care unit and were identified as at risk for compromised development. The study follows enrolled infants through 24 months of age. Symptoms of problematic feeding are measured pre-discharge by clinical observation and medical record review and post-discharge by parent report. Biological function is measured by medical history and cardiorespiratory and autonomic nervous system function during feeding prior to discharge. Child feeding environment is measured by strategies parents use to manage feeding, the effect of feeding on the parent and family, and the use of feeding services. A subset of parents is interviewed to achieve a contextual understanding of the family feeding environment. Child outcome measures include parent-reported feeding skills and clinician-reported growth and neurodevelopment.

Discussion
The results of this study will improve understanding of pediatric feeding disorders during a time of development sensitive to adequate nutrition and with infants at risk for developmental delays or impairments.
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Inflammation, and Platelet Energy Metabolism in Chronic Stroke Survivors
Authors: Hoch Christine R. , Klinedinst N. Jennifer 
Published: August 2024

Background
Excessive daytime sleepiness is a prevalent and sustained symptom that contributes to untoward physiological and psychological outcomes among stroke survivors. Mechanisms of excessive daytime sleepiness poststroke are not fully understood. Chronic systemic inflammation may contribute to impaired mitochondrial functioning and thereby reduce cellular energy metabolism, which may contribute to symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness in stroke survivors.

Objectives
This pilot study aimed to assess the relationship between systemic inflammation and cellular energy metabolism to poststroke excessive daytime sleepiness.

Methods
This descriptive pilot study explored the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness, systemic inflammation, and aerobic energy metabolism of platelets in 22 chronic stroke survivors. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale was used to measure excessive daytime sleepiness. Systemic inflammation was measured by assessing pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein. Aerobic energy metabolism was measured by assessing oxygen consumption rates of platelets. Simple linear regression was used to test the influence of oxygen consumption rates and inflammation on excessive daytime sleepiness. Correlations were analyzed using Spearman rho correlation coefficients.

Results
Excessive daytime sleepiness was recognized in 27.3% of the sample. Systemic inflammation was associated with excessive daytime sleepiness in women but not men. We found no significant relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness and energy metabolism of platelets. However, all oxygen consumption rates were numerically higher in persons with excessive daytime sleepiness.

Discussion
Systemic inflammation may be related to excessive daytime sleepiness symptoms with a notable effect among women. Future larger studies are needed to further explore the sexually dimorphic relationship of poststroke excessive daytime sleepiness to systemic inflammation. Numerically higher platelet oxygen consumption rates may indicate higher energy demands for stroke survivors with excessive daytime sleepiness.
Risk of pedestrian collision for persons with peripheral field loss: A computational analysis
Authors: Kurukuti Nish Mohith , Manda Sailaja , Peli Eli 
Published: August 2024

SIGNIFICANCE
People with peripheral field loss report colliding with other pedestrians on their blind side(s). We show that, in dyadic collision scenarios between persons, one with field loss, such as homonymous hemianopia, and the other normally sighted pedestrian, collisions occur only if the persons with homonymous hemianopia are overtaking the pedestrians, and the collision risk is concentrated at farther bearing angles than previously suggested.

PURPOSE
Prior work computed the risk of collision while simulating both pedestrians as points and did not consider the ability of the other pedestrian's normal vision to avoid the collision. We extended the model to better characterize the open space collision risk posed for persons with homonymous hemianopia by normally sighted pedestrians where both have volume.

METHODS
We computed the risk of collision with approaching pedestrians using a model that simulates approaching pedestrians as volumetric entities without vision, volumetric entities with vision, and as points for comparison with the prior work. Collision risk of approaching pedestrians is characterized for all three conditions through spatial collision risk maps and collision risk densities as a function of bearing and radial distances.

RESULTS
The collision risk for volumetric pedestrians is slightly different from that of point pedestrians. For volumetric pedestrians simulated with normal vision, the risk of collision was reduced substantially, as the other pedestrians could detect and avoid most impending collisions. The remaining collision risk is from pedestrians approaching at higher bearing angles (>50°) and from shorter radial distances (<2 m). Thus, collisions occurred when the pedestrians started in front of the person with homonymous hemianopia that was overtaking the pedestrian.

CONCLUSIONS
The probability of collisions between pedestrians and the person with peripheral field loss is low and occurs only when the person with peripheral field loss is walking from behind the pedestrian at faster speed, thereby overtaking them. Such collisions occur with pedestrians at higher bearing angles, which should be monitored by assistive aids to avoid collisions. The same collision risk applies not only in homonymous hemianopia but also in other peripheral field loss such as monocular vision loss or concentric field loss, as common in retinitis pigmentosa and glaucoma.
MiR-450b-5p enhances the radiosensitivity of HR+ and HER2− breast cancer by targeting CDK6
Authors: Wu Ruxing , Zhang Hanwang , Huang Xiaoyuan , Zhuang Liang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The sensitivity of breast cancer cells to radiation is a key cause of locoregional recurrence after postoperative radiotherapy. Several studies have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the radiosensitivity of human breast cancer cells. One miRNA microarray study showed that miR-450b-5p was overexpressed 13.3-fold in patients with estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HER2−) breast cancer and no local relapse compared with local relapse patients. However, its underlying mechanism of action remains unknown.

Methods
The predicted target mRNAs of miR-450b-5p were screened using the TargetScan, miRDB, and miRWalk databases. Western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and dual-luciferase reporter assays explored the association between cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) and miR-450b-5p. The cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry detected the proliferation of transfected MCF7 cells. Colony formation and xenograft tumors detected the radiosensitivity of the transfected MCF7 cells.

Results
Bioinformatics analysis, Western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that CDK6 was the target gene of miR-450b-5p. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that miR-450b-5p inhibited MCF7 cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, increased the sensitizer enhancement ratio, and decreased the volume of xenograft tumors after irradiation by regulating CDK6.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that miR-450b-5p enhances the radiosensitivity of hormone receptor–positive (HR+) and HER2− breast cancer cells and elucidates its mechanism. miR-450b-5p may be considered a therapeutic target in HR+ and HER2− breast cancer treated with radiotherapy.