bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrathecal baclofen trials: complications and positive yield in a pediatric cohort
Authors: Sayer Charlotte , Lumsden Daniel E. , Perides Sarah , Tustin Kylee , Bassi Sanj , Lin Jean-Pierre , Kaminska Margaret 
Published: October 2015

OBJECT
Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is an effective management option for childhood hypertonia. Given the potential complications of implanted ITB pumps, trials of ITB are usually performed as part of the workup for ITB pumps. Two methods are used for ITB trials, lumbar puncture (LP) and catheter insertion into the intrathecal space. Little has been written to date on the number of positive trials and complications in trials. This study aimed to report the outcomes and complications in ITB trials for childhood hypertonia (dystonia, spastic, or mixed).

METHODS
A retrospective case notes review was conducted of all patients who underwent ITB trials at the Evelina London Children’s Hospital between 2005 and 2012 (inclusive). Positive trials were defined as a reduction in Modified Ashworth Scale by a minimum of 1 point in at least 2 muscle groups and improvement reported by the caregivers in the areas of goals agreed upon between professionals and the families.

RESULTS
Our patient group comprised children with dystonia (n = 7), mixed spasticity/dystonia (n = 29), spasticity (n = 4), and pain (n = 1). A total of 47 trials were attempted in 41 children. Forty trials were successfully completed, with 39 being positive. Thirty-three were catheter trials, and 14 were LPs. The overall complication rate in the 47 attempted trials was 53%: 61% in catheter trials, and 36% in LP trials. This difference was not statistically significant. The most common complications were vomiting (n = 9) and CSF leak (n = 4). The most serious complication was meningitis (n = 1) in a catheter trial. No patients experienced a permanent injury.

CONCLUSIONS
There is a high risk of minor self-limiting complications with ITB trials, which needs to be factored into the decision process of progression to trials. The rate of positive trials in this study was 98%, of which 21% did not progress to pump implantation. While the authors would still advocate for ITB trials prior to ITB pump insertion to aid parental decision-making, this figure suggests that with good patient selection, ITB pumps could be placed without a preceding trial.
Fatigue in Ankylosing Spondylitis and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: Analysis from a Longitudinal Observation Cohort
Authors: Bedaiwi Mohamed , Sari Ismail , Thavaneswaran Arane , Ayearst Renise , Haroon Nigil , Inman Robert D. 
Published: November 2015

Objective.In this study, we aimed to address the prevalence of fatigue, its associated factors, and the effect of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) on this subgroup of patients in a large axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) cohort.Methods.The study included 681 patients [ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and nonradiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA)]. The Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the Bath AS Disease Activity Index question 1 (BASDAI Q1) indices were used for fatigue assessment. Severe fatigue was defined as an FSS ≥ 4 or a BASDAI Q1 ≥ 5. Disease activity, function, and quality of life (QoL) measures were recorded. Patients who had been treated with TNFi were identified, and baseline and followup data were analyzed.Results.Of the cohort, 67.3% had severe fatigue, and the prevalence was similar between AS (67.2%) and nr-axSpA (68.2%). Severely fatigued patients tended to have higher disease activity scores, increased acute-phase proteins, and decreased QoL measures. TNFi therapy was associated with improvement in disease activity, and although this treatment led to significantly decreased fatigue scores, this reduction was not optimal in the majority of patients with 80% continuing to have severe fatigue according to their posttreatment scores. Health Assessment Questionnaire, mean scores of BASDAI Q5 and Q6, and BASDAI enthesitis were independent predictors of fatigue severity.Conclusion.Fatigue is a common symptom in axSpA, and the burden of fatigue among patients with nr-axSpA is similar to that seen in AS. While biologics are effective in improving disease activity, their effect on fatigue is more limited. In axSpA, fatigue remains unresponsive to TNFi in nearly 80% of patients.
Effectiveness of a Case-Based Computer Program on Students’ Ethical Decision Making
Authors: Park Eun-Jun , Park Mihyun 
Published: October 2015

Background:The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of a case-based computer program, using an integrative ethical decision-making model, on the ethical decision-making competency of nursing students in South Korea.Method:This study used a pre- and posttest comparison design. Students in the intervention group used a computer program for case analysis assignments, whereas students in the standard group used a traditional paper assignment for case analysis.Result:The findings showed that using the case-based computer program as a complementary tool for the ethics courses offered at the university enhanced students’ ethical preparedness and satisfaction with the course.Conclusion:On the basis of the findings, it is recommended that nurse educators use a case-based computer program as a complementary self-study tool in ethics courses to supplement student learning without an increase in course hours, particularly in terms of analyzing ethics cases with dilemma scenarios and exercising ethical decision making. [J Nurs Educ.2015;54(11):633–640.]
Building a Community of Scholars: One Cohort’s Experience in an Online and Distance Education Doctor of Philosophy Program
Authors: Myers Lynnea H. , Jeffery Alvin D. , Nimmagadda Heather , Werthman Jennifer Ann , Jordan Kasey 
Published: October 2015

Background:
Online and distance education is becoming increasingly common in higher education. As students explore graduate programs, they are often overwhelmed with the variety of program delivery options available. For graduate students pursuing a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), a particular concern relates to building a community of scholars and how to do so through an online and distance learning program.

Method:
Through a review of literature and personal stories, this article will highlight innovative strategies utilized by a cohort of PhD students related to online and distance learning and developing a community of scholars.

Results:
PhD students developed a community of scholars using innovative strategies to communicate and collaborate.

Conclusion:

Building a community of scholars is possible through online and distance education using simple forms of technology to connect and collaborate. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(11):650–654.]
Adapting and Integrating Photovoice in a Baccalaureate Community Course to Enhance Clinical Experiential Learning
Authors: Gallagher Martina R. , Stevens Christine A. 
Published: October 2015

Background:
The adaptation and incorporation of photovoice—a qualitative research method—into the Community Health Nursing clinical course to foster students’ clinical reasoning in a community setting is presented.

Method:
Photovoice was used as a teaching strategy in the windshield survey and key informant interview activities that are part of the community health clinical experience. Students were provided with disposable cameras and were instructed to take photographs of the community.

Results:
Students shared the photographs with faculty and community members and explored ways of developing sustainable community-based interventions that promote and protect health.

Conclusion:

Photovoice can be used as a teaching strategy tool in any clinical course to foster experiential learning. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(11):659–662.]
Influência da sazonalidade em lagoas de estabilização
Authors: D'Alessandro E.B. , Saavedra N.K. , Santiago M. F. , D'Alessandro N.C.O. 
Published: October 2015

<p>O estudo avaliou a influência da sazonalidade na eficiência das lagoas de estabilização de um módulo da ETE de Trindade, durante seis meses, que contém períodos de estiagem e chuvosos. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: vazão, temperatura da água residuária, profundidade, TDH, pH, OD, CND, Cla, PT, PO<sub>4</sub><sup>-3</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, DBO<sub>5</sub><sup>20°C</sup>, DQO, SST, SSF, SSV e também variáveis climáticas. Não houve remoção de DQO e SST no período de chuva. A Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) indicou que existiram agrupações entre o afluente bruto e a lagoa anaeróbia, e entre a lagoa facultativa e a de maturação, ou seja, houve variação espacial. Indicou também que o afluente bruto em nov/10 e dez/10 formou um grupo separado, isto porque nestes meses sofreu bastante diluição caracterizando-o como se fosse outro ambiente. A influência da sazonalidade fez com que as concentrações de algumas variáveis aumentassem e outras diminuíssem o que influenciou na eficiência das lagoas.</p>
Is Poland Secularizing?
Authors: Carlton Robert 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWhen Pope John Paul II visited Poland in 1979, he told the crowds that it was not possible to understand Poland, past and present, without recognizing the union between the Catholic Church and Poland. However, in the years since, the connection between the Polish people and the Church has changed. Is it possible that Poland, which was a center of the faith for so long, is secularizing the same way that most of the rest of Europe has? Charles Taylor in his A Secular Age has given three criteria that could indicate a country is undergoing secularization: government structures that are free of a connection to God, the larger society moving away from religious practices and beliefs, and a society for whom belief in God is considered one option among many and not necessarily the most preferred option. We look here at whether Poland currently meets these criteria. We then ultimately demonstrate that Poland, while currently experiencing a changing relationship with the Church, is not secularizing according to the standards that Taylor lays out.
Books and Politics: On Polish- Israeli Commercial and Diplomatic Relations, 1948–1958
Authors: Kossewska Elżbieta 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article describes the distribution of Polish books in Israel in the context of postwar Polish- Israeli diplomatic relations, which developed under pressure exerted by the Soviet Union and by its relationship with the Arab world. Because a large number of Israeli citizens were of Polish origin, cultural exchange was one of the main points of commercial contract that governed the importation of Polish books to Israel. The arrival of a large number of Polish Jews, mainly as part of the “Gomułka aliyah,” created huge demand for books in Polish, not only fiction but also scientific books and specialist literature. The Israeli newspapers used this large inflow of publications in Polish to present the Jewish state as one that was close to Poland, related to Poland throughout history, and also to contrast this world with the Arab world—distant and lacking close cultural connections to the country on the Vistula River.
Private Valuation Parameters of Efficiency the Investment Projects in the Concept “Compramultifactor”
Authors: Puryaev Aidar Sultangalievich 
Published: October 2015

<p class="zhengwen"><span lang="EN-US">The new concept of evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects is offered. A dynamic multi-factor complex of private parameters of investment projects' evaluation in engineering and their classification is developed. The recommendations of global and locally-oriented destination are worked out. The foundation for the application of fuzzy set theory in the evaluation of investment projects has been laid.</span></p>
Voor- en nadelen van decentralisaties
Authors: Groenendijk N.S. 
Published: November 2015

Voor- en nadelen van decentralisaties
Decentralisatie van taken van de centrale overheid naar decentrale overheden maakt een belangrijk deel uit van het huidige regeringsbeleid. In deze bijdrage wordt nagegaan in hoeverre de beoogde effecten van decentralisatie (verhoogde doelmatigheid en doeltreffendheid) plausibel zijn en welke andere mogelijke voordelen decentralisatie kent. Aandacht wordt ook besteed aan de mogelijke nadelen van decentralisatie.Het decentralisatievraagstuk kent vele aspecten en geen eenduidige oplossing. Een tweetal randvoorwaarden voor ‘goede’ decentralisatie is echter wel te benoemen: (a) voldoende mogelijkheden voor op- en afschaling en (b) voldoende beleidsvrijheid bij decentrale overheden na decentralisatie. In grote lijnen lijkt het kabinetsbeleid te voldoen aan de eerste randvoorwaarde; bij het tweede aspect worden in deze bijdrage vraagtekens geplaatst, met name omdat het kabinet geen aandacht besteedt aan vereenvoudiging van de huidige bekostigingssystematiek van decentrale overheden en mogelijke uitbreiding van het decentrale belastinggebied.
Elektronische interactie tussen overheid en burger: voorbeelden uit de Verenigde Staten
Authors: Meuwese A.C.M. 
Published: November 2015

Elektronische interactie tussen overheid en burger: voorbeelden uit de Verenigde Staten
Op veel verschillende plekken wordt nagedacht over manieren om wetgevingsprocessen open te breken. In deze bijdrage worden een paar initiatieven op dat vlak uit de Verenigde Staten besproken. De ‘Open Data Policy’ zou overheidsinstellingen ertoe moeten bewegen grote hoeveelheden data op een gestructureerde en gebruiksvriendelijke manier beschikbaar te stellen aan burgers om zo innovatieve ontwikkelingen in het aanwenden van deze data te stimuleren. De website ‘We the People’ vraagt, in een hedendaagse operationalisering van het petitierecht, juist burgers om input in beleids- en wetgevingsprocessen. Beide voorbeelden laten zien dat ook als een informatiekanaal primair voor één bepaald doeleinde is opgericht, bredere interactie al snel het gevolg is.
Verzamelwetgeving: meer dan een opeenhoping van wijzigingsvoorstellen
Authors: Brüheim W.A.E. 
Published: November 2015

Verzamelwetgeving: meer dan een opeenhoping van wijzigingsvoorstellen
Verzamelwetgeving lijkt met name in de Eerste Kamer een imagoprobleem te hebben. De bezwaren tegen dit type wetgeving hebben echter veelal slechts betrekking op een klein deel van de wetten die in de praktijk met dit begrip worden aangeduid. In deze bijdrage wordt daarom een scherpere definitie van het begrip verzamelwetgeving voorgesteld. Ook wordt ingegaan op een betrekkelijk recente nota waarin criteria worden gegeven om de opportuniteit te beoordelen van het opnemen van een onderwerp in een verzamelwetsvoorstel.
Rosanvallon en de wet van de tegendemocratie
Authors: Witteveen W.J. 
Published: November 2015

Rosanvallon en de wet van de tegendemocratie
De parlementaire democratie berust op basisficties die niet goed begrepen worden en niet goed meer werken. Omdat het moeilijk blijkt om de tegenstrijdige verwachtingen van de politieke cultuur waar te maken, doen zich voortdurend fricties voor. Rosanvallon verschaft een historische en filosofische analyse van deze onbevredigende en onhoudbare situatie en schetst een tegendemocratie die het bestel weer legitimiteit kan verschaffen.
Marketing communications model for innovation networks
Authors: Correia Tiago João Freitas , Mateus Américo , Leonor Susana 
Published: October 2015

Innovation is an increasingly relevant concept for the success of any organization, but it also represents a set of internal and external considerations, barriers and challenges to overcome. Along the concept of innovation, new paradigms emerge such as open innovation and co-creation that are simultaneously innovation modifiers and intensifiers in organizations, promoting organizational openness and stakeholder integration within the value creation process. Innovation networks composed by a multiplicity of agents in co-creative work perform as innovation mechanisms to face the increasingly complexity of products, services and markets. Technology, especially the Internet, is an enabler of all process among organizations supported by co-creative platforms for innovation. The definition of marketing communication strategies that promote motivation and involvement of all stakeholders in synergic creation and external promotion is the central aspect of this research. The implementation of the projects is performed by participative workshops with stakeholders from Madan Parque through IDEAS(R)EVOLUTION methodology and the operational model LinkUp parameterized for the project. The project is divided into the first part, the theoretical framework, and the second part where a model is developed for the marketing communication strategies that appeal to the Madan Parque case study. Keywords: Marketing Communication; Open Innovation, Technology; Innovation Networks; Incubator; Co-Creation.
Standards for Clinical Grade Genomic Databases
Authors: Yohe Sophia L. , Carter Alexis B. , Pfeifer John D. , Crawford James M. , Cushman-Vokoun Allison , Caughron Samuel , Leonard Debra G. B. 
Published: October 2015

ContextNext-generation sequencing performed in a clinical environment must meet clinical standards, which requires reproducibility of all aspects of the testing. Clinical-grade genomic databases (CGGDs) are required to classify a variant and to assist in the professional interpretation of clinical next-generation sequencing. Applying quality laboratory standards to the reference databases used for sequence-variant interpretation presents a new challenge for validation and curation.ObjectivesTo define CGGD and the categories of information contained in CGGDs and to frame recommendations for the structure and use of these databases in clinical patient care.DesignMembers of the College of American Pathologists Personalized Health Care Committee reviewed the literature and existing state of genomic databases and developed a framework for guiding CGGD development in the future.ResultsClinical-grade genomic databases may provide different types of information. This work group defined 3 layers of information in CGGDs: clinical genomic variant repositories, genomic medical data repositories, and genomic medicine evidence databases. The layers are differentiated by the types of genomic and medical information contained and the utility in assisting with clinical interpretation of genomic variants. Clinical-grade genomic databases must meet specific standards regarding submission, curation, and retrieval of data, as well as the maintenance of privacy and security.ConclusionThese organizing principles for CGGDs should serve as a foundation for future development of specific standards that support the use of such databases for patient care.
Įvairios kilmės kompostų poveikis lapinėms salotoms ir dirvožemio savybėms
Authors: Staugaitis Gediminas , Gvildienė Karolina , Mažeika Romas 
Published: October 2015

Turėdami tikslą ištirti iš įvairių bioskaidžių atliekų pagamintų kompostų kokybę ir nustatyti jų įtaką lapinių salotų derliui, kokybei, dirvožemio savybėms bei sunkiųjų metalų kaupimuisi 2012–2014 m. LAMMC Agrocheminių tyrimų laboratorijos bandymų aikštelėje atlikome tyrimus su <i>Grand Rapids</i> lapinėmis salotomis. Jas auginome 6 l talpos <i>Mitčerlicho</i> tipo vegetaciniuose induose, augalus tręšėme įvairių komposto rūšių 10 ir 20 t ha<sup>–1</sup> normomis. Tyrimų rezultatai parodė, kad lapinių salotų derlių labiausiai didino biodujų gamybos atliekų kompostas, kuris buvo turtingas organine medžiaga, azotu, fosforu, kaliu, turėjo nedaug sunkiųjų metalų. Mažiau, tik dvejus metus iš trejų, salotų derlių didino žaliųjų atliekų komposto 20 t ha<sup>–1</sup> norma ir nuotekų dumblo komposto 10 ir 20 t ha<sup>–1</sup> normos. Visi naudoti kompostai lapinėse salotose kadmio kiekio nedidino, tačiau nikelio ir vario kiekį ženkliai didino tręšimas mišrių bioskaidžių komunalinių atliekų kompostu. Chromo kiekį didino visi naudoti kompostai, išskyrus biodujų atliekų komposto 20 t ha<sup>–1</sup> norma. Švino kiekį didino didesnės nuotekų dumblo bei mišrių komunalinių atliekų kompostų normos. Beveik visi naudoti kompostai šiek tiek mažino cinko kiekį augaluose, o labai – biodujų atliekų kompostas. Dirvožemyje organinės anglies kiekį didino tik žaliųjų atliekų kompostas, o judriojo fosforo kiekis ženkliai padidėjo patręšus nuotekų dumblo ir biodujų gamybos atliekų kompostais. Judriojo kalio kiekis labiau padidėjo patręšus nuotekų dumblo kompostu.
Flight distance and reaction to fawn handling are greater in high-than in low-ranked pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) females
Authors: Ungerfeld R , Morales-Piñeyrúa JT , Freitas-de-Melo A 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe flight distance from humans and the reaction of the mother to human handling of their offspring are measures that can be used to assess the quality of the human-animal relationship which could vary according to animals’ position in a group. The objective was to determine if the flight distance and the mother's reaction to human handling of her fawn during the first 24 h after birth differ according to pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) hinds’ social rank. A complementary aim was to compare the mothers’ reaction to their fawns being handled relative to its sex. Studies were carried out on a semi-captive population. Animals were classed as high- or low-ranking individuals according to agonistic interactions between hinds recorded during autumn (breeding season) while animals received rations. In the first part of the study, the flight distance was determined in high- and low-ranked hinds. In the second, the minimum distance that the mother stayed from her fawn was recorded while the fawn was weighed and sexed during the first 24 h after birth, and the latency period for the dam to return with her fawn was also recorded. High-ranked hinds presented greater flight distance than low-ranked hinds. High-ranked hinds kept a greater distance from their fawns compared to low-ranked hinds and more high-than low-ranked hinds remained at a farther distance. In summary, high-ranked hinds seem to perceive humans as a greater threat, and thus be more fearful of them. The sex of the fawn did not affect the hinds’ reaction to human handling.
Evaluation of a novel rodenticide: welfare assessment of fatal methaemoglobinaemia in adult rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Gibson TJ , Quy RJ , Eason CT , Gregory NG 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis study assessed the welfare of rats (Rattus norvegicus) poisoned with a lethal dose of the methaemoglobin (MetHb) inducing compound para-aminovalerophenone (PAVP). Twenty rats were orally gavaged with either PAVP (treated) or the vehicle only (control). Spontaneous and evoked behaviours were recorded and blood samples collected post mortem for analysis of MetHb%. Female and male rats received a mean (± SEM) dose of 263 (± 3) and 199 (± 6) mg PAVP kg−1, respectively. Mean (± SEM) time to death was 67 (± 16) and 354 (± 71) min for female and male rats, respectively. Control animals did not show any signs of intoxication. The time to death from methaemoglobinaemia in rats was significantly shorter than that reported for anticoagulants and there were no obvious signs of distress or pain.