bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subtype-Specific Metagene-Based Prediction of Outcome after Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Treatment in Breast Cancer
Authors: Callari Maurizio , Cappelletti Vera , D'Aiuto Francesca , Musella Valeria , Lembo Antonio , Petel Fabien , Karn Thomas , Iwamoto Takayuki , Provero Paolo , Daidone Maria Grazia , Gianni Luca , Bianchini Giampaolo 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Purpose: In spite of improvements of average benefit from adjuvant/neoadjuvant treatments, there are still individual patients with early breast cancer at high risk of relapse. We explored the association with outcome of robust gene cluster–based metagenes linked to proliferation, ER-related genes, and immune response to identify those high-risk patients.
Experimental Design: A total of 3,847 publicly available gene-expression profiles were analyzed (untreated, N = 826; tamoxifen-treated, N = 685; chemotherapy-treated, N = 1,150). Genes poorly performing in formalin-fixed samples were removed. Outcomes of interest were pathologic-complete response (pCR) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). In ER+HER2−, the proliferation and ER-related metagenes were combined to define three risk groups. In HER2+ and ER−HER2− risk groups were defined by tertiles of an immune-related metagene.
Results: The high-proliferation/low-ER group of ER+HER2− breast cancer had significantly higher pCR rate [OR, 5.01 (1.76–17.99), P = 0.005], but poorer outcome [HR = 3.73 (1.63–8.51), P = 0.0018] than the low-proliferation/high-ER. A similar association with outcome applied to patients with residual disease (RD) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.01). In ER−HER2− and HER2+ breast cancer, immune metagene in the high tertile was linked to higher pCR [33.7% vs. 11.6% in high and low tertile, respectively; OR, 3.87 (1.79–8.95); P = 0.0009]. In ER−HER2−, after adjuvant/neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 5-year DMFS was 85.4% for high-tertile immune metagene, and 43.9% for low tertile. The outcome association was similar in patients with RD (P = 0.0055). In HER2+ breast cancer treated with chemotherapy the association with risk of relapse was not significant.
Conclusions: We developed metagene-based predictors able to define low and high risk of relapse after adjuvant/neoadjuvant therapy. High-risk patients so defined should be preferably considered for trials with investigational agents. Clin Cancer Res; 22(2); 337–45. ©2015 AACR.
Partially desulfated heparin modulates the interaction between anti-protamine/heparin antibodies and platelets
Authors: Jouni Rabie , Zöllner Heike , Khadour Ahmad , Wesche Jan , Grotevendt Anne , Brandt Sven , Delcea Mihaela , Krauel Krystin , Schwertz Hansjörg , Sachs Ulrich J. , Greinacher Andreas , Bakchoul Tamam 
Published: October 2015

SummaryProtamine (PRT) is the standard drug to neutralise heparin. PRT/heparin complexes induce an immune response similar to that observed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Partially desulfated heparin (ODSH) was shown to interfere with anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies (Abs), which are responsible for HIT. In this study, we analyse the impact of ODSH on the interaction between anti-PRT/heparin Abs and platelets. The ability of ODSH to prevent anti-PRT/heparin Ab-induced platelet destruction in vivo was investigated using the NOD/ SCID mouse model. ODSH improved platelet survival in the presence of PRT, heparin and anti-PRT/heparin Abs (median platelet survival after 300 minutes (min) with 20 μg/ml ODSH: 75 %, range 70–81 % vs without ODSH: 49%, range 44–59%, p=0.006). Furthermore, when ODSH was applied 60 min after Ab injection platelet survival was improved (median platelet survival after 300 min with ODSH: 83 %, range 77–93 % vs without ODSH: 59 %, range 29–61 %, p=0.02). In in vitro experiments ODSH inhibited platelet activation at concentrations > 16 μg/mL (p< 0.001), as well as PRT/heparin complex binding to platelets (mean fluorescence intensity [MFI] without ODSH: 85 ± 14 vs with ODSH: 15 ± 0.6, p=0.013). ODSH also displaced pre-bound complexes from the platelet surface (MFI without ODSH: 324 ± 43 vs with 32 μg/ml ODSH: 53 ± 9, p< 0.001). While interfering with platelet activation by anti-PRT/heparin Abs, up to a concentration of 16 μg/ml, ODSH had only minimal impact on neutralisation of heparin by PRT. In conclusion, our study shows that ODSH is able to inhibit platelet activation and destruction suggesting a potential clinical use to reduce anti-PRT/heparin Ab-mediated adverse effects.
Double-Diffusive Convection in a Stochastic Shear
Authors: Radko Timour , Ball James , Colosi John , Flanagan Jason 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAn attempt is made to quantify the impact of stochastic wave–induced shears on salt fingers associated with internal waves in the ocean. The wave environment is represented by the superposition of Fourier components conforming to the Garrett–Munk (GM) spectrum with random initial phase distribution. The resulting time series of vertical shear are incorporated into a finger-resolving numerical model, and the latter is used to evaluate the equilibrium diapycnal fluxes of heat and salt. The proposed procedure makes it possible to simulate salt fingers in shears that are representative of typical oceanic conditions. This study finds that the shear-induced modification of salt fingers is largely caused by near-inertial motions. These relatively slow waves act to align salt fingers in the direction of shear, thereby rendering the double-diffusive dynamics effectively two-dimensional. Internal waves reduce the equilibrium vertical fluxes of heat and salt by a factor of 2 relative to those in the unsheared three-dimensional environment, bringing them close to the values suggested by corresponding two-dimensional simulations.
Evaluation of a culturally adapted training course in Indigenous e-mental health
Authors: Dingwall Kylie M , Puszka Stefanie , Sweet Michelle , Mills Patj Patj Janama Robert , Nagel Tricia 
Published: October 2015

Objective: To report the impact of the Indigenous e-mental health training course ‘Yarning about Indigenous Mental Health using the AIMhi Stay Strong App’. Method: Participants were trained in e-mental health and the use of one of the first culturally adapted e-mental health interventions – The AIMhi Stay Strong App. Between October 2013 and December 2014, 138 participants completed the ‘Yarning about Indigenous Mental Health using the AIMhi Stay Strong App’ training course and 130 completed pre- and post-training questionnaires to explore knowledge and confidence in a number of areas trained. Results: Paired t-tests showed significant improvements across all measures of skill and knowledge except for confidence in using computers. Conclusions: E-mental health is a relatively new development that may contribute to improved access to mental health services for rural and remote Indigenous Australians, particularly where such tools are culturally adapted. Whilst current knowledge and use of e-mental health tools in this group of Northern Territory service providers was limited, perceived knowledge and confidence in use was significantly improved following training.
Does Oral Beta-Blocker Therapy Improve Long-Term Survival in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Preserved Systolic Function? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Misumida Naoki , Harjai Kishore , Kernis Steven , Kanei Yumiko 
Published: October 2015

Background: The effect of oral beta-blocker therapy on long-term mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who are treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and who have preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) remains unclear. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies evaluating the effect of oral beta-blocker therapy in patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI and who had preserved LVEF. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Randomized controlled trials and the observational studies that reported an adjusted hazard ratio (or hazard ratio in the propensity score-matched patients) with follow-up duration equal to or more than 6 months were included. Pooled hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using a random effect model. Results: No randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Seven observational studies totaling 10 857 patients met the inclusion criteria. Follow-up duration ranged from 6 months to 5.2 years. Preserved LVEF was defined as 40% in 4 studies and 50% in 3 studies. Based on the pooled estimate, oral beta-blocker therapy was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (combined hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.65-0.97). Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrates that oral beta-blocker therapy is associated with decreased all-cause mortality in patients with STEMI who are treated with primary PCI and who have preserved LVEF. This supports the current American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association 2013 Guideline for the Management of STEMI.
Association between poor oral health and eating disorders:
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kisely Steve , Baghaie Hooman , Lalloo Ratilal , Johnson Newell W. 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundThere is a well-established link between oral pathology and eating
disorders in the presence of self-induced vomiting. There is less
information concerning this relationship in the absence of self-induced
vomiting, in spite of risk factors such as psychotropic-induced dry
mouth, nutritional deficiency or acidic diet.AimsTo determine the association between eating disorder and poor oral
health, including any difference between patients with and without
self-induced vomiting.MethodA systematic search was made of Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE and article
bibliographies. Outcomes were dental erosion, salivary gland function and
the mean number of decayed, missing and filled teeth or surfaces
(DMFT/S).ResultsTen studies had sufficient data for a random effects meta-analysis
(psychiatric patients n = 556, controls
n = 556). Patients with an eating disorder had five
times the odds of dental erosion compared with controls (95% CI
3.31–7.58); odds were highest in those with self-induced vomiting (odds
ratio (OR) = 7.32). Patients also had significantly higher DMFS scores
(mean difference 3.07, 95% CI 0.66–5.48) and reduced salivary flow (OR =
2.24, 95% CI 1.44–3.51).ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of collaboration between dental
and medical practitioners. Dentists may be the first clinicians to
suspect an eating disorder given patients' reluctance to present for
psychiatric treatment, whereas mental health clinicians should be aware
of the oral consequences of inappropriate diet, psychotropic medication
and self-induced vomiting.
Payment by results in forensic mental health
Authors: Gibbons Luke , McCarthy Lucy 
Published: October 2015

SummaryForensic mental health services are low-volume, high-cost services. Payment by results (PbR) is the UK s latest attempt to improve efficiency and controls pending behaviours within the secure services. This article discusses the utility of the PbR mechanic in forensic mental health. It explores PbR implementation in non-forensic mental health settings, similar funding processes internationally, and early PbR implementation work in the UK's secure services. Finally, the article discusses the challenges faced when implementing PbR in forensic mental health services and puts forward possible next steps in determining the utility of PbR in forensic mental health.
Meeting report – 9th IRIC International Symposium on Molecular Targets in Cancer Genomics
Authors: Laumont Céline M. , Haberl David , Ghugari Rahul , Tsao Sarah 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
Graduate students and postdoctoral fellows at the Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) organized the 9th IRIC International Symposium on 14–15 May, 2015. The symposium was held at the IRIC, an ultra-modern research hub and training center located on the hilltop of the Université de Montréal campus in Montreal, Canada. This year's title was ‘Molecular Targets in Cancer Genomics', reflecting the common interest of the IRIC student community. Through four broadly themed sessions, organizers sought to highlight the new generation of anti-cancer strategies including targeted therapies directed against actionable cancer-specific mutations, and immunotherapies, which enhance immune responses against cancer. Both targeted and immunotherapies are tailored to cancer-specific features, and require precise knowledge of cancer cells, from their genome to their proteome. The focus of this symposium was on translating the molecular basis of cancer into a functional understanding of aberrant pathways, and to uncover novel targets to be exploited for cancer therapeutic strategies.
Leishmania carbon metabolism in the macrophage phagolysosome- feast or famine?
Authors: McConville Malcolm J. , Saunders Eleanor C. , Kloehn Joachim , Dagley Michael J. 
Published: October 2015

A number of medically important microbial pathogens target and proliferate within macrophages and other phagocytic cells in their mammalian hosts. While the majority of these pathogens replicate within the host cell cytosol or non-hydrolytic vacuolar compartments, a few, including protists belonging to the genus Leishmania, proliferate long-term within mature lysosome compartments. How these parasites achieve this feat remains poorly defined. In this review, we highlight recent studies that suggest that Leishmania virulence is intimately linked to programmed changes in the growth rate and carbon metabolism of the obligate intra-macrophage stages. We propose that activation of a slow growth and a stringent metabolic response confers resistance to multiple stresses (oxidative, temperature, pH), as well as both nutrient limitation and nutrient excess within this niche. These studies highlight the importance of metabolic processes as key virulence determinants in Leishmania.
Defining the role of intramedullary nailing for fractures of the distal radius
Authors: Jordan R. W. , Saithna A. 
Published: October 2015

This article is a systematic review of the published literature about the biomechanics, functional outcome and complications of intramedullary nailing of fractures of the distal radius.We searched the Medline and EMBASE databases and included all studies which reported the outcome of intramedullary (IM) nailing of fractures of the distal radius. Data about functional outcome, range of movement (ROM), strength and complications, were extracted. The studies included were appraised independently by both authors using a validated quality assessment scale for non-controlled studies and the CONSORT statement for randomised controlled trials (RCTs).The search strategy revealed 785 studies, of which 16 were included for full paper review. These included three biomechanical studies, eight case series and five randomised controlled trials (RCTs).The biomechanical studies concluded that IM nails were at least as strong as locking plates. The clinical studies reported that IM nailing gave a comparable ROM, functional outcome and grip strength to other fixation techniques.However, the mean complication rate of intramedullary nailing was 17.6% (0% to 50%). This is higher than the rates reported in contemporary studies for volar plating. It raises concerns about the role of intramedullary nailing, particularly when comparative studies have failed to show that it has any major advantage over other techniques. Further adequately powered RCTs comparing the technique to both volar plating and percutaneous wire fixation are needed.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1370–6.
Neurolysis for the treatment of sciatic nerve palsy associated with total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Regev G. J. , Drexler M. , Sever R. , Dwyer T. , Khashan M. , Lidar Z. , Salame K. , Rochkind S. 
Published: October 2015

Sciatic nerve palsy following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a relatively rare yet potentially devastating complication. The purpose of this case series was to report the results of patients with a sciatic nerve palsy who presented between 2000 and 2010, following primary and revision THA and were treated with neurolysis. A retrospective review was made of 12 patients (eight women and four men), with sciatic nerve palsy following THA. The mean age of the patients was 62.7 years (50 to 72; standard deviation 6.9). They underwent interfascicular neurolysis for sciatic nerve palsy, after failing a trial of non-operative treatment for a minimum of six months. Following surgery, a statistically and clinically significant improvement in motor function was seen in all patients. The mean peroneal nerve score function improved from 0.42 (0 to 3) to 3 (1 to 5) (p < 0.001). The mean tibial nerve motor function score improved from 1.75 (1 to 4) to 3.92 (3 to 5) (p = 0.02).The mean improvement in sensory function was a clinically negligible 1 out of 5 in all patients. In total, 11 patients reported improvement in their pain following surgery.We conclude that neurolysis of the sciatic nerve has a favourable prognosis in patients with a sciatic nerve palsy following THA. Our findings suggest that surgery should not be delayed for > 12 months following injury.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1345–9
Changes in cardiac function after pedicle subtraction osteotomy in patients with a kyphosis due to ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Fu J. , Song K. , Zhang Y. G. , Zheng G. Q. , Zhang G. Y. , Liu C. , Wang Y. 
Published: October 2015

Cardiac disease in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has previously been studied but not in patients with a kyphosis or in those who have undergone an operation to correct it. The aim of this study was to measure the post-operative changes in cardiac function of patients with an AS kyphosis after pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO). The original cohort consisted of 39 patients (33 men, six women). Of these, four patients (two men, two women) were lost to follow-up leaving 35 patients (31 men, four women) to study. The mean age of the remaining patients was 37.4 years (22.3 to 47.8) and their mean duration of AS was 17.0 years (4.6 to 26.4). Echocardiographic measurements, resting heart rate (RHR), physical function score (PFS), and full-length standing spinal radiographs were obtained before surgery and at the two-year follow-up. The mean pre-operative RHR was 80.2 bpm (60.6 to 112.3) which dropped to a mean of 73.7 bpm (60.7 to 90.6) at the two-year follow-up (p = 0.0000). Of 15 patients with normal ventricular function pre-operatively, two developed mild left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) at the two-year follow-up. Of 20 patients with mild LVDD pre-operatively only five had this post-operatively. Overall, 15 patients had normal LV diastolic function before their operation and 28 patients had normal LV function at the two-year follow-up. The clinical improvement was 15 out of 20 (75.0%): cardiac function in patients with AS whose kyphosis was treated by PSO was significantly improved. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1405–10.
Long-term results of compartmental arthroplasties of the knee
Authors: Parratte S. , Ollivier M. , Lunebourg A. , Abdel M. P. , Argenson J-N. 
Published: October 2015

Partial knee arthroplasty (PKA), either medial or lateral unicompartmental knee artroplasty (UKA) or patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) are a good option in suitable patients and have the advantages of reduced operative trauma, preservation of both cruciate ligaments and bone stock, and restoration of normal kinematics within the knee joint. However, questions remain concerning long-term survival. The goal of this review article was to present the long-term results of medial and lateral UKA, PFA and combined compartmental arthroplasty for multicompartmental disease. Medium- and long-term studies suggest reasonable outcomes at ten years with survival greater than 95% in UKA performed for medial osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis, and similarly for lateral UKA, particularly when fixed-bearing implants are used. Disappointing long-term outcomes have been observed with the first generation of patellofemoral implants, as well as early Bi-Uni (ie, combined medial and lateral UKA) or Bicompartmental (combined UKA and PFA) implants due to design and fixation issues. Promising short- and med-term results with the newer generations of PFAs and bicompartmental arthroplasties will require long-term confirmation.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B(10 Suppl A):9–15.
Prophylactic antibiotic regimens in tumour surgery (PARITY)
Authors:   The PARITY Investigators
Published: October 2015

Objective Clinical studies of patients with bone sarcomas have been challenged by insufficient numbers at individual centres to draw valid conclusions. Our objective was to assess the feasibility of conducting a definitive multi-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT) to determine whether a five-day regimen of post-operative antibiotics, in comparison to a 24-hour regimen, decreases surgical site infections in patients undergoing endoprosthetic reconstruction for lower extremity primary bone tumours. Methods We performed a pilot international multi-centre RCT. We used central randomisation to conceal treatment allocation and sham antibiotics to blind participants, surgeons, and data collectors. We determined feasibility by measuring patient enrolment, completeness of follow-up, and protocol deviations for the antibiotic regimens. Results We screened 96 patients and enrolled 60 participants (44 men and 16 women) across 21 sites from four countries over 24 months (mean 2.13 participants per site per year, standard deviation 2.14). One participant was lost to follow-up and one withdrew consent. Complete data were obtained for 98% of eligible patients at two weeks, 83% at six months, and 73% at one year (the remainder with partial data or pending queries). In total, 18 participants missed at least one dose of antibiotics or placebo post-operatively, but 93% of all post-operative doses were administered per protocol. Conclusions It is feasible to conduct a definitive multi-centre RCT of post-operative antibiotic regimens in patients with bone sarcomas, but further expansion of our collaborative network will be critical. We have demonstrated an ability to coordinate in multiple countries, enrol participants, maintain protocol adherence, and minimise losses to follow-up. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res;4:154–162