bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFICACY OF PREVENTATIVE PARENTING INTERVENTIONS FOR PARENTS OF PRETERM INFANTS ON LATER CHILD BEHAVIOR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META‐ANALYSIS
Authors: Herd Michael , Whittingham Koa , Sanders Matthew , Colditz Paul , Boyd Roslyn N. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of parenting interventions for parents of preterm infants to improve child behavior. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of parenting interventions for parents of preterm infants were included. Searchers were conducted of PubMed from 1951 to April 2013, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from 1982 to April 2013, Scopus from 1966 to April 2013, PsycINFO from 1840 to April 2013, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Twelve RCTs were identified that assessed child behavior. Of these studies, only data from three were able to be pooled for meta‐analysis: the Infant Health and Development Program (IHDP) at 3 years, the Mother‐Infant Transaction Program (modified; MITP‐M) at 5 years, and the Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS Plus) at 4 years. Outcome from this analysis revealed a small, but significant, effect on child behavior favoring the intervention (95% CI: 0.08–0.32; p = .001). There is evidence that preterm parenting interventions can improve child behavior. Streamlined interventions such as MITP‐M and VIBeS Plus that have a strong focus on the mother–infant relationship may have greatest potential.
Apolipoprotein E isoforms and lipoprotein metabolism
Authors: Phillips Michael C. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractApolipoprotein (apo) E is a 299‐residue protein which functions as a key regulator of plasma lipid levels. Human apoE exists as three common isoforms and the parent form, apoE3, operates optimally in promoting clearance of triglyceride (TG)‐rich lipoproteins and is associated with normal plasma lipid levels. This result occurs because apoE3 possesses both the requisite lipid‐binding ability and affinity for the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) to mediate appropriate lipolytic processing and endocytosis of TG‐rich lipoprotein remnant particles. ApoE2 which differs from apoE3 by the single amino acid substitution Arg158Cys located near the LDLR recognition site exhibits impaired binding to the receptor and an inability to promote clearance of TG‐rich lipoprotein remnant particles; this isoform is associated with Type‐III hyperlipoproteinemia. ApoE4 which differs from apoE3 by the single amino acid substitution Cys112Arg is also associated with dyslipidemia although binding of this isoform to the LDLR is unaffected. The amino acid substitution affects the organization and stability of both the N‐terminal helix bundle domain and separately folded C‐terminal domain so that apoE4 has enhanced lipid binding ability. As a consequence, apoE4 binds better than apoE3 to the surface of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles and impairs their lipolytic processing in the circulation so that apoE4 is associated with a more pro‐atherogenic lipoprotein‐cholesterol distribution (higher VLDL‐cholesterol/high density lipoprotein‐cholesterol ratio). This review summarizes current understanding of the structural differences between apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the molecular mechanisms responsible for the alterations in lipoprotein metabolism resulting from this polymorphism of apoE. Detailed knowledge of how expression of structurally distinct apoE variants modifies lipoprotein metabolism provides a basis for developing ways to manipulate the functionality of apoE in vivo. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(9):616–623, 2014
Early Gene Expression in Salivary Gland After Isoproterenol Treatment
Authors: Zhou Yi , Chen Hung‐I H. , Lin AL , Dang H , Haack Karin , Cole Shelley A. , Huang Yufei , Yu Haiyang , Chen Yidong , Yeh Chih‐Ko 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTIsoproterenol, a β‐adrenergic agonist, has been shown to induce salivary gland hyperplasia. However, the mechanism involved in this pharmacological phenomenon is not well understood. To gain a better understanding of the underlying changes, including genes, networks and pathways altered by isoproterenol, microarray‐based gene expression analysis was conducted on rat parotid glands at 10, 30, and 60 min after isoproterenol injection. After isoproterenol treatment, the number of differentially expressed genes was increased in a time‐dependent manner. Pathway analysis showed that cell hyperplasia, p38MAPK, and IGF‐1 were the most altered function, network and pathway, respectively. The balanced regulation of up‐ and down‐expression of genes related to cell proliferation/survival may provide a better understanding of the mechanism of isoproterenol‐induced parotid gland enlargement without tumor transformation. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 431–437, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Population pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in critically ill children
Authors: Hennig Stefanie , Norris Ross , Tu Quyen , van Breda Karin , Riney Kate , Foster Kelly , Lister Bruce , Charles Bruce 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe objective was to study the population pharmacokinetics of bound and unbound phenytoin in critically ill children, including influences on the protein binding profile. A population pharmacokinetic approach was used to analyze paired protein‐unbound and total phenytoin plasma concentrations (n = 146 each) from 32 critically ill children (0.08–17 years of age) who were admitted to a pediatric hospital, primarily intensive care unit. The pharmacokinetics of unbound and bound phenytoin and the influence of possible influential covariates were modeled and evaluated using visual predictive checks and bootstrapping. The pharmacokinetics of protein‐unbound phenytoin was described satisfactorily by a 1‐compartment model with first‐order absorption in conjunction with a linear partition coefficient parameter to describe the binding of phenytoin to albumin. The partitioning coefficient describing protein binding and distribution to bound phenytoin was estimated to be 8.22. Nonlinear elimination of unbound phenytoin was not supported in this patient group. Weight, allometrically scaled for clearance and volume of distribution for the unbound and bound compartments, and albumin concentration significantly influenced the partition coefficient for protein binding of phenytoin. The population model can be applied to estimate the fraction of unbound phenytoin in critically ill children given an individual's albumin concentration.
Comparative study of decalcification versus nondecalcification for histological evaluation of one‐wall periodontal intrabony defects in dogs
Authors: Park Sang‐Hyun , Choi HyunMin , Han Jin‐Soo , Park Young‐Bum 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTBiological reactions between biomaterials and surrounding tissues, analyzed by histology, may be important predictors of clinical healing pattern and selection of slide preparation techniques requires a careful consideration regarding sample properties. In this study, we compared histology of bone specimens prepared with or without decalcification and performed histological and histomorphometrical assessments. For the histological evaluation, one‐wall intrabony defects were created around the mandibular molars of six adult dogs, filled with biphasic calcium phosphate, synthetic bone graft material/recombinant human bone morphogenic protein‐2, and healing pattern was histologically evaluated at 4 and 12 weeks. New bone formation in 5 × 4 × 4 mm defects and the length of new cementum, connective tissue attachments around the teeth and number of osteoclasts were measured by histomorphometric analysis. After decalcification, new cementum was easily observed and was significantly increased at week 4. In nondecalcified samples, significantly increased connective tissue attachments were seen at week 12. After 12 weeks, the number of countable multinucleated osteoclasts was significantly increased by 62% in nondecalcified versus calcified tissue sections (P = 0.030). Histomorphometric results may be significantly affected by histological preparation method and therefore, selecting the most appropriate histological preparation method is essential for reliable diagnosis and evaluation of bony samples in studies analyzing tissue regeneration. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:94–104, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
OVGP1 is expressed in the canine oviduct at the time and place of oocyte maturation and fertilization
Authors: Saint‐Dizier Marie , Marnier Céline , Tahir Muhammad Zahid , Grimard Bénédicte , Thoumire Sandra , Chastant‐Maillard Sylvie , Reynaud Karine 
Published: October 2014

SUMMARYIn the dog, oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryo development take place within the oviduct in the presence of increasing circulating progesterone (P4) levels. Expression of the oviduct‐specific glycoprotein 1 (OVGP1), known in other species to be estrogen‐dependent, was explored by real‐time quantitative reverse‐transcriptase PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry in oviducts from adult Beagle bitches during anestrus and at five specific time periods around ovulation: during pro‐estrus before the luteinizing hormone (LH) peak (Pre‐LH); after the LH peak and before ovulation (Pre‐ov); and at Days 1, 4, and 7 after ovulation (n = 6 bitches per stage). Plasma estradiol‐17β (E2) and P4 were assayed at all stages. The expression of canine OVGP1 (cOVGP1) was undetectable during anestrus, increased significantly from Pre‐LH to Day 1 in parallel with a decrease in plasma E2‐to‐P4 levels, remained high at Day 4, then decreased at Day 7 in parallel with an increase in plasma P4 levels. In contrast to other mammals, the expression of cOVGP1 was higher in the isthmus than in the ampulla at all stages. In order to explore the potential regulation of cOVGP1 expression by steroids, the 5′‐flanking region of the corresponding gene was analyzed for the presence of estrogen‐ (ERE) and P4‐response‐element (PRE). An imperfect ERE and three half‐ERE were found in this region, but no PREs. In conclusion, cOVGP1 is highly expressed at the time and site of oocyte maturation and fertilization, and is probably under E2 regulation. Further studies are needed to identify the potential roles of cOVGP1 in each process. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 81: 972–982, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The influence of pumping parameters in fluid‐driven fractures in weak porous formations
Authors: Sarris Ernestos , Papanastasiou Panos 
Published: October 2014

SummaryIn this work, we investigate the main pumping parameters that influence a fluid‐driven fracture in cohesive poroelastic and poroelastoplastic weak formations. These parameters include the fluid viscosity and the injection rate. The first parameter dominates in the mapping of the propagation regimes from toughness to viscosity, whereas the second parameter controls the storage to leak‐off dominated regime through diffusion.The fracture is driven in weak permeable porous formation by injecting an incompressible viscous fluid at the fracture inlet assuming that the fracture propagates under plane strain conditions. Fluid flow in the fracture is modeled by lubrication theory. Pore fluid movement in the porous formation is based on the Darcy law. The coupling follows the Biot theory, whereas the irreversible rock deformation is modeled with the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion with associative flow rule. Fracture propagation criterion is based on the cohesive zone approach. Leak‐off is also considered. The investigation is performed numerically with the FEM to obtain the fracture opening, length, and propagation pressure versus time.We demonstrate that pumping parameters influence the fracture geometry and fluid pressures in weak formations through the viscous fluid flow and the diffusion process that create back stresses and large plastic zones as the fracture propagates. It is also shown that the product of the propagation velocity and fluid viscosity, µv that appears in the scaling controls the magnitude of the plastic zones and influences the net pressure and fracture geometry. These findings may explain partially the discrepancies in net pressures between field measurements and conventional model predictions for the case of weak porous formation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subwavelength nanostructures integrated with polymer‐packaged iii–v solar cells for omnidirectional, broad‐spectrum improvement of photovoltaic performance
Authors: Li Xiaohan , Li Ping‐Chun , Ji Li , Stender Christopher , McPheeters Claiborne , Tatavarti Sudersena Rao , Sablon Kimberly , Yu Edward T. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractReduction in surface and interface reflectance via the integration of subwavelength nanostructures in flexible polymer packaging material combined with incorporation of dielectric nanoislands into a conventional two‐layer antireflection coating has been demonstrated, analyzed and optimized. Transmittance measurements of moth‐eye textured polymer packaging sheets with different tapered pillar heights fabricated by reactive‐ion etching and nanosphere lithography provide insights into the choice of the optimum nanostructure dimensions. Detailed computational modeling and simulations elucidate the physical nature of the antireflection performance of dielectric nanoisland structures integrated with a commercial two‐layer antireflection coating, and provide guidance for design of the nanoisland structure for optimum antireflection performance. Measurements show that the integration of appropriately designed nanostructures in both polymer packaging material and conventional antireflection layers enables substantial increases in external quantum efficiency (E.Q.E.) and short‐circuit current density (Jsc) over a broad range of incident angles, compared to structures with conventional bilayer antireflection coatings and unpatterned polymer packaging sheets. A 1.1× increase in Jsc, derived directly from E.Q.E. measurements, at normal incidence, increasing to 1.67× improvement at 80° angle of incidence, suggests that such an approach is promising for a variety of photovoltaic applications, particularly those where solar tracking is not feasible or practical. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ROMP synthesis of novel thermo‐, pH‐, and salt‐responsive (co)polymers containing the morpholino functional group
Authors: van Hensbergen Johannes A. , Ganda Sylvia , Roth Peter J. , Burford Robert P. , Lowe Andrew B. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTWe report the ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) synthesis of novel (co)polymers containing the multiresponsive morpholino functional group [(3aR,7aS)−2‐(2‐morpholinoethyl)−3a,4,7,7a‐tetrahydro‐1H−4,7‐epoxyisoindole‐1,3(2H)‐dione (M1)]. All (co)polymers were prepared with the Grubbs' first generation initiator, RuCl2(PCy3)2CHPh, in CH2Cl2 or CH2Cl2/2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol solvent mixtures. M1 homopolymers exhibit a pH dependent aqueous solubility being fully soluble below pH 5.0 and above pH 6.0. At these intermediate values, the polymers exhibit molecular weight (MW) independent inverse temperature dependent solubility with measured cloud points (TCP) of 86 °C at pH 5.0 and 79 °C at pH 6.0. In the case of the lowest MW homopolymer (absolute MW of 9950 g/mol), there was a clear dependence of the TCP on the homopolymer solution concentration and varied over the range 78–88 °C. The TCP could be further tuned via the preparation of novel AB statistical copolymers. Incorporation of a permanently cationic comonomer as a more hydrophilic species resulted in an increase of the TCP at low incorporations (up to 10 mol %) and the complete disappearance of any temperature dependent solubility at 20 mol %. In a complementary approach, the TCP could also be lowered by the preparation of statistical copolymers of M1 with a more hydrophobic comonomer. Finally, we note that M1 homopolymers are also responsive to Na2SO4 and could be readily salted‐out of an aqueous solution salt at a [Na2SO4] of 2.0 M giving a third trigger for controlling aqueous solubility. These copolymers represent examples of new multiresponsive materials and demonstrate the effectiveness of ROMP as a synthetic tool for the preparation of new and interesting materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 50–58
An overview of optical coherence tomography for ovarian tissue imaging and characterization
Authors: Wang Tianheng , Brewer Molly , Zhu Quing 
Published: October 2014

Ovarian cancer has the lowest survival rate among all the gynecologic cancers because it is predominantly diagnosed at late stages due to the lack of reliable symptoms and efficacious screening techniques. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technique that provides high‐resolution images of biological tissue in real time, and demonstrates great potential for imaging of ovarian tissue. In this article, we review OCT studies for visualization and diagnosis of human ovaries as well as quantitative extraction of ovarian tissue optical properties for classifying normal and malignant ovaries. OCT combined with other imaging modalities to further improve ovarian tissue diagnosis is also reviewed. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 7:1–16. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1306This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
The [Sn2S6]4– Anion Acting as Tetradentate Linker: ­Solvothermal Synthesis and Selected Properties of {[TM(phen)2]2Sn2S6} and {[TM(phen)2]2Sn2S6}·phen·H2O (TM = Fe, Co)
Authors: Hilbert Jessica , Näther Christian , Bensch Wolfgang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractFour new compounds with the [Sn2S6]4– anion acting as tetradentate ligand to metal cations of [TM(phen)2]2+ complexes (TM = Fe, Co; phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline) were synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The compounds are rare cases where Fe2+/Co2+ cations form bonds to sulfide anions of a thiometallate anion. In the structures of the compounds the {[TM(phen)2]2Sn2S6} molecule is the main structural motif. The phen ligands of neighboring molecules are oriented in a way that off‐center parallel stacking results leading to weak intermolecular interactions. In two of the four compounds a free phen molecule is trapped between adjacent {[TM(phen)2]2Sn2S6} moieties and an additional H2O molecule is located near the two nitrogen atoms of the free phen molecule. The Hirshfeld surface analysis yields a variety of weak intermolecular interactions which may be regarded as essential for the packing arrangement of the different constituents and the stability of the compounds.
Reduction of filtered K-theory and a characterization of Cuntz-Krieger algebras
Authors: Arklint Sara E. , Bentmann Rasmus , Katsura Takeshi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe show that filtered K-theory is equivalent to a substantially smaller invariant for all real-rank-zeroC*-algebras with certain primitive ideal spaces—including the infinitely many so-called accordion spaces for which filtered K-theory is known to be a complete invariant. As a consequence, we give a characterization of purely infinite Cuntz–Krieger algebras whose primitive ideal space is an accordion space.
Hydrodynamic Responses of a Spar-Type Floating Wind Turbine in High Waves
Authors: Lee Y-J. , Ho C.-Y. , Huang Z.-Z. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractFloating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) can be used to exploit the enormous wind energy present over deep waters. Numerous studies have examined the dynamics of FOWTs, but few have focused on validating numerical results with experimental results, particularly for a deep draught FOWT in regions with frequent tropical storms. For this study, we developed a computer code and conducted experiments with a scale model to validate the simulation results. The computer code was first verified by comparing the results with those of the International Energy Agency Wind Task 23. Numerical simulations were implemented in both the frequency domain and the time domain. A comparison of the numerical and experimental results of the scale model in high waves showed good agreement. The flexibility of blades and the tower did not observably affect the motion of the deep draft spar-type FOWT. Therefore, it can be ignored in the preliminary design. The pitch motion of the scale model was within 1°. Therefore, the spar-type FOWT may be an effective power source for regions with frequent tropical storms.
Dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a Japanese community: the Takayama study
Authors: Nagata Chisato , Wada Keiko , Tsuji Michiko , Kawachi Toshiaki , Nakamura Kozue 
Published: October 2014

Diets with a high glycaemic index (GI) or glycaemic load (GL) have been hypothesised to increase the risk of diabetes, CVD and some cancers. In the present study, the associations of dietary GI and GL with the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality were prospectively examined in a general population in Japan, where white rice is the main contributor of dietary GI and GL. A total of 28 356 residents of Takayama City, Japan, who responded to a self-administered questionnaire in 1992 were included in the present analyses. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Mortality was ascertained over 16 years. In men, dietary GI was found to be significantly inversely associated with the risk of all-cause and non-cancer, non-cardiovascular mortality; the hazard ratios (HR) for the highest v. lowest quartile were 0·80 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·95) and 0·64 (95 % CI 0·49, 0·84), respectively. Dietary GL was found to be significantly inversely associated with the risk of all-cause, cancer, and non-cancer, non-cardiovascular mortality; the HR for the highest v. lowest quartile were 0·71 (95 % CI 0·59, 0·86), 0·71 (95 % CI 0·52, 0·99) and 0·64 (95 % CI 0·48, 0·87), respectively. The results obtained for the GL derived from white rice, but not from other foods, closely mirrored those obtained for overall GL. In women, dietary GI was found to be significantly positively associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality; the HR for the highest v. lowest quartile was 1·56 (95 % CI 1·15, 2·13). The results of the present study suggest potential favourable effects of dietary GI and GL on mortality in men, but an association between high GI and an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in women.
Diagnosis of the pinwormSyphacia murisin the Wistar ratRattus norvegicus
Authors: Sousa J.E.N. , Carvalho E.F.G. , Levenhagen M.A. , Chaves L.A. , Costa-Cruz J.M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis study aimed to compare three qualitative parasitological methods for the diagnosis ofSyphacia murisinfection in 30 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected naturally. Methods of spontaneous sedimentation (Hoffman, Pons and Janer, or HPJ) and spontaneous flotation (Willis) for faecal samples and a method of taping (Graham) were performed and compared. The Graham and Willis methods were more sensitive than the HPJ method (P< 0.05). The Graham method was able to detectS. muriseggs in 100% of the samples. Eggs were detected in 83% and 60% of the samples using the Willis and HPJ methods, respectively. Method choice is important for screening for parasites of rats kept under laboratory conditions, as accurate diagnosis helps prevent future environmental contamination and infection. We concluded that the Graham method was the most efficient of those tested in this study for detection ofS. murisinfection in rats. This method is also rapid, inexpensive and practical, and should be implemented as a necessary measure for infection control.