bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Examination of Methods to Determine Tibiofemoral Kinematics and Tibial Contact Kinematics Based on Analysis of Fluoroscopic Images
Authors: Hull Maury L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Goals of knee replacement surgery are to restore function and maximize implant longevity. To determine how well these goals are satisfied, tibial femoral kinematics and tibial contact kinematics are of interest. Tibiofemoral kinematics, which characterize function, is movement between the tibia and femur whereas tibial contact kinematics, which is relevant to implant wear, is movement of the location of contact by the femoral implant on the tibial articular surface. The purposes of this review article are to describe and critique relevant methods to guide correct implementation. For tibiofemoral kinematics, methods are categorized as those which determine (1) relative planar motions and (2) relative three-dimensional (3D) motions. Planar motions are determined by first finding anterior–posterior (A–P) positions of each femoral condyle relative to the tibia and tracking these positions during flexion. Of the lowest point (LP) and flexion facet center (FFC) methods, which are common, the lowest point method is preferred and the reasoning is explained. 3D motions are determined using the joint coordinate system (JCS) of Grood and Suntay. Previous applications of this JCS have resulted in motions which are largely in error due to “kinematic crosstalk.” Requirements for minimizing kinematic crosstalk are outlined followed by an example, which demonstrates the method for identifying a JCS that minimizes kinematic crosstalk. Although kinematic crosstalk can be minimized, the need for a JCS to determine 3D motions is questionable based on anatomical constraints, which limit varus–valgus rotation and compression–distraction translation. Methods for analyzing tibial contact kinematics are summarized and validation of methods discussed.
A Digital Twin-Based Method for Assembly Deviations Analysis
Authors: Zhi Junnan , Cao Yanlong , Li Tukun , Liu Fan , Luo Jia , Li Yanling , Jiang Xiangqian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes and develops a digital twin-based method for assembly deviation analysis, which considers the impact of product shape deviations and uses assembly data in the product design phase to enhance the performance of assembly deviation analysis. First, the overall product assembly deviation analysis process based on twin information is studied. Second, a mating algorithm, which evaluates multi-source assembly information, is proposed and developed. Third, the interaction between adjacent mating feature deviation propagation and an updated iterative mechanism is examined. Finally, a digital twin assembly deviation analysis model based on the new proposed Jacobian-twin approach is established, and validation is conducted through a case study.
Numerical Investigation on the Influence of Continuous Rotating Backpropagation Pressure Wave on Turbine Performance
Authors: Qiu Hua , Wang Xiao , Cao Zhi-peng , Xiong Cha , Chen Xi-tao , Zhao Ming-hao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Researches have shown that the use of a continuous detonation afterburner can improve the propulsion performance of aero engine. However, backpropagation pressure waves (BPW) generated by the pressure gain of detonation will affect the internal flow and performance of turbine. This article simulates BPW through a custom function, and investigates the effects of BPW amplitude, rotation frequency, and propagation mode on turbine performance through three-dimensional simulation. The results show that as the pressure amplitude of the BPW increases, the pressure oscillation at each section of the turbine increases and a local subcritical flow state will appear, leading to the decrease of turbine flowrate and turbine power, as well as an intensification of instantaneous turbine power fluctuations. As the rotation frequency of the BPW increases, the pressure oscillation at each section of the turbine gradually decreases. The flowrate and power of the turbine do not change much, but turbine efficiency gradually decreases. Compared to the aligned mode, the turbine performs better under the influence of BPW in misaligned mode. Compared to the single-wave mode, the fluctuation of transient turbine power is lower under the influence of BPW in the multiwave mode excluding collision mode. Finally, the constraints of equal flowrate region and equal turbine power line on the peak-to-peak value of the BPW were analyzed when the joint operation of the turbine and compressor was not affected. The rotation frequency and mode of BPW will affect the flowrate region and power line.
Energy-Efficient Downsizing of Ribbed Confinements for Heat Exchange Applications
Authors: Agrawala Prabhav , Lilhare Yatharth , Arora Amit 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Downsizing double-pipe heat exchangers is possible by deploying ribs on the two sides of the heat exchangers. The shape of these ribs, along with two key geometric variables—pitch and height, are crucial in the selection of energy-efficient rib configurations. This is because the enhancement in heat transfer performance comes at the cost of increased pressure drop. Thus, the goal of this numerical investigation is to identify favorable rib shapes and explore the effect of truncation on triangular ribs, which was found to be absent in existing literature. Truncation can address challenges with existing triangular ribs and is expected to greatly affect the performance of conventional triangular ribs. To explore this conclusively, an unbiased and exhaustive analysis is carried out by comparing the performance of confinements with modified and regular triangular ribs, keeping plain confinements as the baseline. Furthermore, the effects of two principal design variables—rib height and rib pitch—are explored for each shape, over a wide range considering essentially all possible combinations. Separate results are presented for the inner and outer confinements of the double-pipe heat exchangers (pipes and annuli) to allow for the extrapolation of results for a wide range of applications employing internal flows in pipes and annuli. A phenomenological model is developed to classify the thermal and hydraulic performance of each confinement and identify optimal geometrical configuration and identify best-performing design(s). Once optimal rib pitch-–height combinations are identified, performance at this optimal combination is evaluated at different Reynolds numbers, spanning from 10,000 to 30,000.
Vortex Lattice Method Investigation of Tip-Leakage Flow
Authors: Montsarrat Christophe , Boudet Jérôme 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The use of a vortex lattice method (VLM) is investigated on a tip-leakage flow single-blade configuration (NACA 0012) for a wide range of tip gaps. The aim is to estimate the circulation of the tip-leakage vortex (TLV) detaching from the blade. The evaluation of that circulation without adding viscous effects to the potential method is comparable with the experimental measurements for the largest gaps but requires a diffusive model for the smaller gaps. A new diffusive model is constructed and integrated to the VLM, yielding a very good match with the experiment on the circulation for the whole tip gap range. This result indicates that for thin blades, the development of the TLV can be described in two stages: (i) a potential formation and (ii) a viscous diffusion leading to a decay once the vortex is detached from the blade.
Draft genome sequences of
Weissella cibaria
GM93m3, a promising probiotic strain from raw goat milk
Authors: Akinyemi Muiz O. , Oyedele Oluwawapelumi A. , Kleyn Mariska S. , Onarinde Bukola A. , Adeleke Rasheed A. , Ezekiel Chibundu N. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The draft genome of a previously documented potential probiotic
Weissella cibaria
strain GM93m3 from raw goat milk in Nigeria is reported. The total genome size was 2,447,229 with 46 contigs and G+C content of 44.86%.
The Mount Distin assemblage: Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the Nome Complex of Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA
Authors: Miller Elizabeth L. , Hudson Travis L. , Amato Jeffrey M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Proterozoic to Paleozoic rocks involved in Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous (Brookian) orogenesis and subsequently extended, metamorphosed at high temperature and intruded by Cretaceous plutons, are widespread on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA. These blueschist and greenschist facies metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks make up the highly deformed Nome Complex. We describe and bracket the age of a distinct Precambrian succession in the Nome Complex, the Mount Distin assemblage (informal). The Mount Distin assemblage consists of marble, impure marble, calc-schist, quartz mica schist, and lesser quartzite that was originally a shelfal succession. Metamafic bodies, originally dikes and/or sills, are minor but common components. Three new U-Pb detrital zircon (DZ) samples are characterized by numerous peaks between 1.5 Ga and 1.0 Ga, with minor ages of 1000–900 Ma and 2000–1500 Ma and only 1–2 grains 3.0–2.5 Ga, indicating maximum depositional ages of 1000–900 Ma. A new U-Pb zircon age for an orthogneiss lens in marble is 661 ± 3 Ma like others previously dated in the Nome Complex. Orthogneiss ages provide an upper age limit for the Mount Distin assemblage of ca. 687 Ma, the oldest reported date. Zircons in three other orthogneiss bodies are interpreted as inherited as they have a range of U-Pb ages like those in their country rocks. The Mount Distin assemblage DZ ages are like those from schist-bearing carbonate sequences in the Central and Schist belts of the Brooks Range and inherited zircon populations in Neoproterozoic plutons on Wrangel Island, Russia. The discovery and documentation of the Mount Distin assemblage explains the previously reported enigmatic lack of country rocks to Neoproterozoic orthogneiss bodies, establishes the continuity of older rocks across the entire extent of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka microplate, and further confirms this microplate’s Baltica affinities.
Maximum depositional ages and provenance analysis of the Precambrian Manyovu redbeds, Tanzania: Implications for Neoproterozoic tectonics
Authors: Bonar Alicia L. , Soreghan Gerilyn S. , Msabi Michael , Soreghan Michael J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Manyovu redbeds are an up to 600 m succession of fine-grained, siliciclastic strata in northwestern Tanzania and are part of the Neoproterozoic Bukoban Supergroup. Previous authors estimated the age of the Manyovu redbeds to be Neoproterozoic or older based on the K-Ar dates of underlying volcanic rocks (ca. 800 Ma). However, no other age constraints exist for these Neoproterozoic units. U-Pb detrital zircon results from six stratigraphic intervals of the Manyovu units, including both sandstone and siltstone samples, indicate maximum depositional ages as young as 614 ± 6 Ma, almost 200 m.y. younger than the underlying volcanics, with primary detrital contributions from Pan-African orogens, which indicates that these units are syn-tectonic accumulations associated with the assembly of Greater Gondwana/Pannotia. Detrital zircon spectra and modal compositions reveal that the sediment that formed these strata was sourced from a range of terranes, including continental blocks (i.e., Tanzania Craton), magmatic arcs (i.e., Mozambique Belt and Arabian-Nubian Shield), and recycled orogens (e.g., Ubendian-Usagaran belts). Together, these data indicate that the Manyovu redbeds accumulated following the Marinoan Snowball Earth event (ca. 635 Ma) and record the initiation of collision along the Mozambique Belt during Pan-African orogenesis and the formation of greater Gondwana.
Analysis of New Measurements of 18O-substituted Isotopic Species 16O16O18O and 16O18O16O of Ozone in the THz and Far-Infrared Ranges
Authors: Starikova E. N. , Barbe A. , Manceron L. , Grouiez B. , Burgalat J. , Tyuterev V. G. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
High-resolution spectra corresponding to the rotational and the ν2–ν2 bands of the two most abundant isotopic species of ozone with one heavy 18O oxygen atom were recorded using SOLEIL synchrotron radiation source in the range 30–200 cm−1. Additionally, the ν2 vibrational-rotational bands were recorded between 550 and 880 cm−1 using a classical glowbar source that made it possible to extend and refine information compared to published data on the observed transitions of these bands. The analyses of recorded spectra permitted us to deduce experimental set of energy levels for the ground (000) and the first bending (010) vibrational states, which significantly exceeds literature data in terms of rotational quantum numbers. For both isotopic species, the weighted fits of all experimental line positions were carried out including previously published microwave data. As a result of this work, the improved values of rotational and centrifugal distortion parameters for the states (000) and (010) were obtained that permitted modelling the experimental line positions with a weighted standard deviation of 1.284 (2235 transitions) and 0.908 (4597 transitions), respectively, for 16O16O18O, and 1.168 (824 transitions) and 1.724 (2381 transitions) for 16O18O16O.
Long-read sequencing identifies an SVA_D retrotransposon insertion deep within the intron ofATP7Aas a novel cause of occipital horn syndrome
Authors: Yano Naoko , Chong Pin Fee , Kojima Kenji K , Miyoshi Tomoichiro , Luqman-Fatah Ahmad , Kimura Yu , Kora Kengo , Kayaki Taisei , Maizuru Kanako , Hayashi Takahiro , Yokoyama Atsushi , Ajiro Masahiko , Hagiwara Masatoshi , Kondo Teruyuki , Kira Ryutaro , Takita Junko , Yoshida Takeshi 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundSINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposons move from one genomic location to another in a ‘copy-and-paste’ manner. They continue to move actively and cause monogenic diseases through various mechanisms. Currently, disease-causing SVA retrotransposons are classified into human-specific young SVA_E or SVA_F subfamilies. In this study, we identified an evolutionarily old SVA_D retrotransposon as a novel cause of occipital horn syndrome (OHS). OHS is an X-linked, copper metabolism disorder caused by dysfunction of the copper transporter, ATP7A.MethodsWe investigated a 16-year-old boy with OHS whose pathogenic variant could not be detected via routine molecular genetic analyses.ResultsA 2.8 kb insertion was detected deep within the intron of the patient’sATP7Agene. This insertion caused aberrant mRNA splicing activated by a new donor splice site located within it. Long-read circular consensus sequencing enabled us to accurately read the entire insertion sequence, which contained highly repetitive and GC-rich segments. Consequently, the insertion was identified as an SVA_D retrotransposon. Antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) targeting the new splice site restored the expression of normal transcripts and functional ATP7A proteins. AO treatment alleviated excessive accumulation of copper in patient fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Pedigree analysis revealed that the retrotransposon had moved into the OHS-causing position two generations ago.ConclusionThis is the first report of a human monogenic disease caused by the SVA_D retrotransposon. The fact that the evolutionarily old SVA_D is still actively transposed, leading to increased copy numbers may make a notable impact on rare genetic disease research.
Measurement properties of the Inclusion Body Myositis Functional Rating Scale
Authors: Salam Sharfaraz , Symonds Tara , Doll Helen , Rousell Sam , Randall Jason , Lloyd-Price Lucy , Hudgens Stacie , Guldberg Christina , Herbelin Laura , Barohn Richard J , Hanna Michael G , Dimachkie Mazen M , Machado Pedro M 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the validity, reliability, responsiveness and meaningful change threshold of the Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM) Functional Rating Scale (FRS).MethodsData from a large 20-month multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in IBM were used. Convergent validity was tested using Spearman correlation with other health outcomes. Discriminant (known groups) validity was assessed using standardised effect sizes (SES). Internal consistency was tested using Cronbach’s alpha. Intrarater reliability in stable patients and equivalence of face-to-face and telephone administration were tested using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots. Responsiveness was assessed using standardised response mean (SRM). A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve anchor-based approach was used to determine clinically meaningful IBMFRS change.ResultsAmong the 150 patients, mean (SD) IBMFRS total score was 27.4 (4.6). Convergent validity was supported by medium to large correlations (rsmodulus: 0.42–0.79) and discriminant validity by moderate to large group differences (SES=0.51–1.59). Internal consistency was adequate (overall Cronbach’s alpha: 0.79). Test–retest reliability (ICCs=0.84–0.87) and reliability of telephone versus face-to-face administration (ICCs=0.93–0.95) were excellent, with Bland-Altman plots showing good agreement. Responsiveness in the worsened group defined by various external constructs was large at both 12 (SRM=−0.76 to −1.49) and 20 months (SRM=−1.12 to −1.57). In ROC curve analysis, a drop in at least two IBMFRS total score points was shown to represent a meaningful decline.ConclusionsWhen administered by trained raters, the IBMFRS is a reliable, valid and responsive tool that can be used to evaluate the impact of IBM and its treatment on physical function, with a 2-point reduction representing meaningful decline.Trial registration numberNCT02753530.
Therapeutic effect of epidural dexamethasone palmitate in a rat model of lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: ­LI Mei Hui , Zheng Haiyan , Choi Eun Joo , Nahm Francis Sahngun , Choe Ghee Young , Lee Pyung Bok 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundDexamethasone palmitate (DEP), a prodrug of dexamethasone (DEX), is a synthetic corticosteroid medication distinguished by the inclusion of a fatty acid component known as palmitate. This study introduces DEP as a novel therapeutic option for spinal epidural injection, aiming to provide safer and longer-lasting pain relief as an alternative to for patients with spinal stenosis.Methods40 rats were randomly divided into four groups: those receiving epidural administration of normal saline (NS), and DEP in the lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) model, and non-model rats receiving epidural NS administration. Paw withdrawal thresholds to mechanical stimulation and motor function (neurogenic intermittent claudication) were observed for up to 21 days. Hematology and blood chemistry analyses were performed 1 week after drug therapy. Tissue samples were collected for steroid pathology examination to evaluate adhesion degree, perineural area inflammation, and chromatolysis in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and adrenal gland.ResultsThe DEX and DEP groups demonstrated significant recovery from mechanical allodynia and motor dysfunction after 2 weeks of drug therapy (p<0.001). However, by the third week, the effect of DEX started to diminish while the effect of DEP persisted. Furthermore, the DEP group exhibited reduced fibrosis and less chromatolysis than the NS group. No steroid overdose or toxin was observed in any group.ConclusionThe epidural administration of DEP demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in reducing allodynia and hyperalgesia resulting from chronic DRG compression, thus offering prolonged pain relief. These findings underscore the potential of DEP as a promising treatment alternative for pain associated with LSS, serving as a viable substitute for .
Achievement of LDL‐Cholesterol Goals in Patients Receiving LLT in Primary Care: TERESA‐AP Study
Authors: Cinza-Sanjurjo Sergio , Barrios Vivencio , Fierro-González David , Polo-García Jose , Pallarés-Carratalá Vicente 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aim: Since 2019, LDL‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) is the risk factor with the strictest goals and the most difficult to reach, due to its role in the development of atherosclerotic plaque and, therefore, cardiovascular risk. The objective of the TERESA‐AP study is to analyze the degree of LDL‐C control in patients followed up in primary care with lipid‐lowering drug treatment (LLT).Methods: Observational, multicenter, cross‐sectional, nationwide study was conducted, in which 50 PC physicians recruited 929 patients who were receiving LLT during at least the preceding 6 months. The variables required to estimate the patients’ cardiovascular risk and LDL control were recorded.Results: Nearly half of sample was women (50.5%), and the mean age was 67.8 (10.4) years. High blood pressure (65.3%) and sedentary lifestyle (59.7%) were the most frequent risk factors. Recommended goals were reached in 26.0% (95% CI: 23.3%–29.0%) of patients, with a slightly higher percentage in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) (26.7%), diabetes mellitus (DM) (35.5%), and a lower one in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (12.1%). The most frequent drug treatments were statin monotherapy (69.0%) and statin with ezetimibe combination (27.6%), with moderate‐intensity statins being the most commonly used in both groups.Conclusions: On average, only a quarter of the patients followed up in PC and who receive drug treatment reach their therapeutic targets. This percentage is slightly higher if the patients have CVD and DM and lower if they have CKD. The most commonly used therapeutic strategy is moderate‐intensity statins, both in monotherapy and in combination with ezetimibe.
CD47-SIRPα Blockade Sensitizes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Cetuximab by Enhancing Macrophage Adhesion to Cancer Cells
Authors: Li Bolei , Hao Yu , He Hongzhi , Fan Yu , Ren Biao , Peng Xian , Zhou Xuedong , Cheng Lei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Developing effective treatments for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant challenge. Cetuximab, a first-line targeted therapy for HNSCC, exhibits limited efficacy. Here, we used pooled CRISPR screening to find targets that can synergize with cetuximab and identified CD47 as the leading candidate. Rather than inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, CD47 inhibition promoted cetuximab-triggered antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), thereby enhancing macrophage-mediated cancer cell removal. The combination of CD47-signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα) blockade and cetuximab demonstrated strong anticancer activity in vivo. In addition to blocking the phagocytosis checkpoint, CD47-SIRPα inhibition upregulated CD11b/CD18 on the surface of macrophages, which accelerated intercellular adhesion between macrophages and cancer cells to enhance subsequent phagocytosis. Inhibition of the interaction between macrophage CD11b/CD18 and cancer cell intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) eliminated the intercellular adhesion and phagocytosis induced by CD47-SIRPα blockade. Thus, CD47-SIRPα blockade enhances ADCP through CD11b/CD18-ICAM1-mediated intercellular adhesion and sensitizes HNSCC to cetuximab.
Significance: CD47-SIRPα blockade increases surface CD11b/CD18 on macrophages to enhance adhesion to cancer cells, resulting in robust synergistic phagocytosis in combination with cetuximab treatment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.