bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the melting enthalpy of β phase of poly(vinylidene fluoride)
Authors: Gradys Arkadiusz , Sajkiewicz Pawel 
Published: May 2014

Abstract Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses of phase composition and of thermal properties of PVDF samples, crystallized at temperatures 27 - 155 °C by casting from N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) solution, are reported. Samples obtained at 27 °C contain only β crystal phase and with increase of casting temperature content of β phase decreases in favor of α phase. Evaluation of combined: phase content (WAXS) and melting heat (DSC), leads to two fold higher than for 100 % α phase value of 100% β melting enthalpy, ΔHβ0= 219.7 J.g-1, which may be justified by strong polar interactions in β phase TTT conformation. The relation ΔHβ0 > ΔHα0 leads either to the thermodynamic stability of β phase in whole temperature range (if Tmβ0 ≥ Tmα0) or to the limited temperature range of thermodynamic stability of α phase (if Tmβ0 < Tmα0).
Electrospinning of polyvinyl butyral in different solvents
Authors: Yener F. , Yalcinkaya B. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract In this study we aimed at finding different solvents for PVB and determine the effect of concentration and solvents on electrospun polyvinyl butyral (PVB) nanofibers. Firstly, we solved PVB in isopropanol, n-butanol, dimethylformamide, ethanol and acetic acid in various concentrations. Later, we compared fiber characteristics for each solvent. We observed that with increasing concentration, the fiber diameter increased. Bead formation occurred in low concentrations and low viscosity of polymer solution. Each solvent has a different effect on nanofiber morphology. It is observed that fiber diameter and morphology is one of the parameters that can be controlled by solvent.
Intrinsic viscosity of PVP polymers in extremely diluted solutions
Authors: Tothova Jana , Lisy Vladimir 
Published: May 2014

Abstract In conventional viscometry studies an additional treatment of data is necessary in order to obtain the expected linear dependence of the reduced viscosity on concentration in extremely diluted polymer solutions. This work reports on the direct measurements of this dependence using a new Couette-type viscometer. The values of intrinsic viscosity and Huggins coefficient of the studied poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) water solution notably differ from the previous results obtained by the traditional capillary viscometers. From the obtained data the parameters used in the bead-spring theories of polymer universal behavior, such as the gyration radius and the longest relaxation time are calculated.
Condensation of α,ω-siloxane diols with aminoalkyl- (alkoxy)silanes
Authors: Lubkowska Magdalena , Stanczyk Wlodzimierz A. , Rozga-Wijas Krystyna 
Published: May 2014

Abstract Kinetics of condensation of individual siloxane diols HO[(CH3)2SiO]xSi(CH3)2OH (x=3,5,6 and 9) with aminoalkyl-alkoxysilanes (RO)2SiR’(CH2)3NHR’’ (R = CH3, CH2CH3; R’ = CH3, OR; R’’ = H, (CH2)2NH2) is described. The second order rate constants point to the significant effect of the siloxane diols chain length on reactivity, which increases for higher homologues (almost an order) of magnitude on coming from x=3 to x=9. The role of substituents at silicon atom is discussed. Three novel functional siloxane oligomers (substrates) are described and characterized.
Assessing humor at work: The humor climate questionnaire
Authors: Cann Arnie , Watson Amanda J. , Bridgewater Elisabeth A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractHumor at work could provide many potential benefits, but the empirical literature does not support many clear conclusions about its role. Two issues have limited the clarity of the findings. First, many studies do not consider the potential negative, as well as positive, associations with humor. Second, no available measure allows researchers to quantify the broad presence of humor in the workplace. The current research describes the development and initial validation of a brief measure, the Humor Climate Questionnaire (HCQ), which assesses positive and negative styles of humor in the workplace climate. The HCQ has a clear four factor structure, good internal reliability for each dimension, and it explains variance in multiple indicators of job satisfaction and commitment beyond that explained by individual differences in humor uses. The HCQ provides a research tool that could be used to assess a variety of predictions about the roles that humor could play in the workplace.
Single-Phase Power Generation Using Three-Phase Self-Excited Synchronous Reluctance Generator
Authors: Singh Bhim , Niwas Ram 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper presents the single-phase power generation using a three-phase synchronous reluctance generator (SyRG) for a standalone diesel generator (DG) set based standalone supply system. A static compensator (STATCOM) is used for voltage control, harmonics reduction and load balancing on SyRG. The proposed system consists of a SyRG, a variable frequency drive of an induction motor used as a prototype of diesel engine (DE), a STATCOM and single-phase loads. The proposed system feeds single-phase loads in rural areas and telecom towers. The synchronous reference frame theory (SRFT)–based control algorithm is used for the control of STATCOM used for voltage control and load balancing of SyRG.
Identification of Eggshell Crack using BPNN and GANN in Dynamic Frequency Analysis
Authors: Wei Zhenbo , Wang Jun , Tian Xiaojing 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The eggshell crack was detected using flexible piezoelectric film sensors on the basis of dynamic frequency response. The response signal was transformed from the time domain to the frequency domain using fast Fourier transform algorithm. In the normalized power spectrum, the first 10 and 20 features were extracted by interval frequency (IFM), maximum magnitude in turn (HVM), and frequencies by magnitude in turn (MVF). The discrimination between intact eggs and cracked eggs was performed using back-propagation neural network (BPNN) and combination of genetic algorithm and BPNN (GANN). The results were found that intact eggs and cracked eggs could be better identified from their dynamic frequency response using BPNN and GANN based on HVM and MVF. It is suggested that intact and cracked eggs can be distinguished using GANN based on 10 features in MVF.
Non-solvable groups generated by involutions in which every involution is left 2-Engel
Authors: Abdollahi Alireza 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The following problem was proposed as Problem 18.57 in [The Kourovka Notebook. Unsolved Problems in Group Theory. 18th Edition, 2014] by D. V. Lytkina:
Let G be a finite 2-group generated by involutions in which [x,u,u] = 1 for
every x ∈ G and every involution u ∈ G. Is the derived length of G bounded?
The question asks for an upper bound on the derived length of finite 2-groups
generated by involutions in which every involution (not only the generators) is left 2-Engel. We negatively answer the question.
Effects of the surface treatment of wollastonite on the tensile and flow properties for reinforced polypropylene composites
Authors: Liang Ji-Zhao , Ruan Jin-Quan , Li Bo 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The effects of the filler content and its surface treatment on the tensile and flow properties of the polypropylene (PP) composites filled with wollastonite (CaSiO3) were investigated. The results showed that the introduction of the filler could reinforce the PP resin, while the influence of the filler surface treatment on the tensile and flow property was insignificant. The melt volume flow rate (MVR) of the composites decreased nonlinearly, while the Young’s modulus increased nonlinearly with increasing filler weight fraction (ϕ

w
); the tensile strength and tensile fracture strength increased significantly when ϕ

w
was <10% and then decreased slightly with increasing ϕ

w
. The elongation at break decreased significantly when ϕ

w
was <10% and then decreased slightly with the increase of ϕ

w
. Moreover, the Young’s modulus was estimated using the equation published earlier, and a good agreement was shown between the predicted data and the measured data.
Lifshitz tails for a percolation model in the continuum
Authors: Kirsch Werner , Najar Hatem 
Published: May 2014

Abstract.
In this work we study Lifshitz tails for
Laplacians in a percolation model on

ℝ

d

${\mathbb {R}}^d$

. At any lattice point i in

ℝ

d

${\mathbb {R}}^d$

we remove a set

S
+
i

${S+i}$

with a certain probability p.
We consider the Laplacian on the remaining subset of

ℝ

d

${\mathbb {R}}^d$

with either
Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. We prove that the
integrated density of states exhibits Lifshitz behavior at the
bottom of the spectrum when we consider Dirichlet boundary
conditions, while when we consider Neumann boundary conditions, it
exhibits a van Hove behavior.
Msp1/ATAD1 maintains mitochondrial function by facilitating the degradation of mislocalized tail‐anchored proteins
Authors: Chen Yu‐Chan , Umanah George K E , Dephoure Noah , Andrabi Shaida A , Gygi Steven P , Dawson Ted M , Dawson Valina L , Rutter Jared 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe majority of ER‐targeted tail‐anchored (TA) proteins are inserted into membranes by the Guided Entry of Tail‐anchored protein (GET) system. Disruption of this system causes a subset of TA proteins to mislocalize to mitochondria. We show that the AAA+ ATPase Msp1 limits the accumulation of mislocalized TA proteins on mitochondria. Deletion of MSP1 causes the Pex15 and Gos1 TA proteins to accumulate on mitochondria when the GET system is impaired. Likely as a result of failing to extract mislocalized TA proteins, yeast with combined mutation of the MSP1 gene and the GET system exhibit strong synergistic growth defects and severe mitochondrial damage, including loss of mitochondrial DNA and protein and aberrant mitochondrial morphology. Like yeast Msp1, human ATAD1 limits the mitochondrial mislocalization of PEX26 and GOS28, orthologs of Pex15 and Gos1, respectively. GOS28 protein level is also increased in ATAD1−/− mouse tissues. Therefore, we propose that yeast Msp1 and mammalian ATAD1 are conserved members of the mitochondrial protein quality control system that might promote the extraction and degradation of mislocalized TA proteins to maintain mitochondrial integrity.
Preparing Adolescents With Chronic Disease for Transition to Adult Care: A Technology Program
Authors: Huang Jeannie S. , Terrones Laura , Tompane Trevor , Dillon Lindsay , Pian Mark , Gottschalk Michael , Norman Gregory J. , Bartholomew L. Kay 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUND:
Adolescents with chronic disease (ACD) must develop independent disease self-management and learn to communicate effectively with their health care team to transition from pediatric to adult-oriented health care systems. Disease-specific interventions have been implemented to aid specific ACD groups through transition. A generic approach might be effective and cost-saving.

METHODS:
Eighty-one ACD, aged 12 to 20 years, were recruited for a randomized clinical trial evaluating an 8-month transition intervention (MD2Me). MD2Me recipients received a 2-month intensive Web-based and text-delivered disease management and skill-based intervention followed by a 6-month review period. MD2Me recipients also had access to a texting algorithm for disease assessment and health care team contact. The intervention was applicable to adolescents with diverse chronic illnesses. Controls received mailed materials on general health topics. Disease management, health-related self-efficacy, and health assessments were performed at baseline and at 2 and 8 months. Frequency of patient-initiated communications was recorded over the study period. Outcomes were analyzed according to assigned treatment group over time.

RESULTS:
MD2Me recipients demonstrated significant improvements in performance of disease management tasks, health-related self-efficacy, and patient-initiated communications compared with controls.

CONCLUSIONS:
Outcomes in ACD improved significantly among recipients of a generic, technology-based intervention. Technology can deliver transition interventions to adolescents with diverse chronic illnesses, and a generic approach offers a cost-effective means of positively influencing transition outcomes. Further research is needed to determine whether improved short-term outcomes translate into an improved transition for ACD.
Adverse Drug Event-Related Emergency Department Visits Associated With Complex Chronic Conditions
Authors: Feinstein James A. , Feudtner Chris , Kempe Allison 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Outpatient adverse drug events (ADEs) can result in serious outcomes requiring emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations. The incidence and severity of ADEs in children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs), who often take multiple medications, is unknown. We sought to describe the characteristics of ADE-related ED visits, including association with CCC status; determine the implicated medications; and determine if CCC status increased the risk of ADE-related admission.

METHODS:
Retrospective cohort study of ED visits by patients aged 0 to 18 years using a national sample. ADEs were identified by external cause of injury codes; cases with overdose, wrongful administration, self-harm, or diagnosis of malignancy were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test outcomes of having an ADE-related ED visit and of subsequent admission. All statistics accounted for the complex survey design.

RESULTS:
Of 144 million ED visits, 0.5% were associated with ADEs. Adjusting for age, gender, insurance type, day of week, and location of hospital, ADEs were associated with the presence of a CCC (odds ratio 4.76; 95% confidence interval: 4.45–5.10). The implicated medications differed significantly by CCC status. Adjusting for the same variables, ADEs were associated with subsequent inpatient admission (odds ratio 2.18; 95% confidence interval: 2.04–2.32) for all children; an interaction between ADE and CCC status was not significant.

CONCLUSIONS:
ED visits associated with ADEs were more likely to occur for children with CCCs, and the implicated drugs differed, but ADE-related admissions were not differentially affected by CCC status.
Chronic Sleep Curtailment and Adiposity
Authors: Taveras Elsie M. , Gillman Matthew W. , Peña Michelle-Marie , Redline Susan , Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L. 
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVES:
To examine the extent to which chronic sleep curtailment from infancy to mid-childhood is associated with total and central adiposity.

METHODS:
We studied 1046 children participating in a prospective cohort study. At age 6 months and yearly from age 1 to 7 years, mothers reported their children’s sleep duration in a usual 24-hour period. The main exposure was a sleep curtailment score from age 6 months to 7 years. The range of the total score was 0 to 13, where 0 indicated the maximal sleep curtailment and 13 indicated never having curtailed sleep. Outcomes in mid-childhood were BMI z score, dual X-ray absorptiometry total and trunk fat mass index (kg/m2), and waist and hip circumferences (cm).

RESULTS:
The mean (SD) sleep score was 10.2 (2.7); 4.4% scored a 0 to 4, indicating multiple exposures to sleep curtailment between age 6 months to 7 years, 12.3% scored 5 to 7, 14.1% scored 8 to 9, 28.8% scored 10 to 11, and 40.3% scored 12 to 13. In multivariable models, children who had a sleep score of 0 to 4 had a BMI z score that was 0.48 U (95% confidence interval, 0.13 to 0.83) higher than those who had a sleep score of 12 to 13. We observed similar associations of higher total and trunk fat mass index and waist and hip circumferences, and higher odds of obesity (odds ratio, 2.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 6.97) among children who had a score of 0 to 4 vs 12 to 13.

CONCLUSIONS:
Chronic sleep curtailment from infancy to school age was associated with higher overall and central adiposity in mid-childhood.
Integrated Thermoelectric–Thermal System Resistance Optimization to Maximize Power Output in Thermoelectric Energy Recovery Systems
Authors: Hendricks* Terry J. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThermoelectric energy recovery is an important technology for recovering waste thermal energy in high-temperature industrial, transportation and military energy systems. Thermoelectric (TE) power systems in these applications require high performance hot-side and cold-side heat exchangers to provide the critical temperature differential and transfer the required thermal energy to create the power output. Hot-side and cold-side heat exchanger performance is typically characterized by hot-side and cold-side thermal resistances, Rh,th and Rc,th, respectively. Heat exchanger performance determines the hot-side temperature, Th, and cold-side temperature, Tc, conditions when operating in energy recovery environments with available temperature differentials characterized by exhaust temperatures, Texh, and ambient temperature, Tamb. This work analytically defined a crucially important design relationship between (P/Pmax) and (Rh,th / Rc,th) in TE power generation systems to determine the optimum ratio of (Rh,th / Rc,th) maximizing TE system power. A sophisticated integrated TE device / heat exchanger analysis was used, which simultaneously integrates hot- and cold-side heat exchanger models with TE device optimization models incorporating temperature-dependent TE material properties for p-type and n-type materials, thermal and electrical contact resistances, and hot side and cold side heat loss factors. This work examined the (P/Pmax) - (Rh,th / Rc,th) relationship for system designs employing single-material and segmented-material TE couple legs with various TE material combinations, including bismuth telluride alloys, skutterudite compounds, and skutterudite / bismuth telluride segmented combinations. This work defined the non-dimensional functional relationships and found the optimum thermal resistance condition: (Rh,th / Rc,th)opt > 10 to 30 created the maximum power output in TE optimized designs for various TE material combinations investigated. The non-dimensional relationships were investigated for various electrical contact resistances, differing thermal loss factors, and at various hot-side/cold-side temperature conditions. This work showed that the non-dimensional functional relationships were invariant under these differing conditions. It was determined that a condition of (Rh,th / Rc,th) = 1 creates power output far below maximum power conditions. The (P/Pmax) - (Rh,th / Rc,th) relationship also dictated certain temperature profile conditions, defined by the parameter, (Th – Tc) / (Texh – Tamb), which were directly associated with design points in this relationship including maximum power points. The value of (Th – Tc) / (Texh – Tamb) was generally less than 0.5 at maximum power conditions in TE energy recovery designs using TE materials investigated here. The wide-ranging ramifications on TE energy recovery systems and their design optimization for industrial and transportation-related applications are discussed.
A new population of red uakaris (<i>Cacajao calvus</i> ssp.) in the mountains of north-eastern Peru
Authors: Vermeer Jan , Tello-Alvarado Julio C. , Del Castillo José T. Villacis , Bóveda-Penalba Antonio J. 
Published: May 2014

Here we report on the discovery of a new population of red uakaris in the mountains of northern San Martin, north-eastern Peru. This population is isolated from the other known uakari populations in the eastern lowlands, which raises questions concerning their taxonomic status and biogeographical history. This follows a recent range extension of this taxon west of the Ucayali River. Previously, the Peruvian red uakari (Cacajao calvus ucayalii) was only known in Peru from the lowlands between the Amazon, Ucayali and Yavarí Rivers.
Primer reporte de parásitos intestinales en <i>Callicebus modestus</i> del Departamento de Beni, Bolivia
Authors: Mollericona José Luis , Martínez Jesús , Limachi Rolando , Carvajal Pamela , Alandia-Robles Erika 
Published: May 2014

La diversidad de parásitos intestinales presente en Callicebus modestus de vida libre fue evaluada en dos grupos presentes en la provincia José Ballivián del Departamento de Beni-Bolivia. Durante 10 meses (septiembre 2010 a junio 2011) se colectaron muestras fecales de los miembros de una pareja de adultos, macho y hembra (grupo A), así como de un segundo grupo (grupo B) que incluía a un par de monos adultos (macho y hembra), un juvenil (hembra) y una cría (macho) habitando una zona poco fragmentada en relación al grupo A. Mediante pruebas coproparasitológicas se identificaron formas inmaduras de parásitos del orden Strongylida, orden Spirurida y representantes de los géneros Strongyloides y Bertiella. Los huevos del parásito Strongyloides spp. fueron los más prevalentes a lo largo del periodo de estudio (presente en 9 de los 10 meses), seguidos de huevos del parásito Strongylida (presente en 6/10 meses de estudio). Formas inmaduras de los parásitos del orden Spirurida y del género Bertiella fueron observados únicamente al final de la época de lluvias. Ninguno de los individuos monitoreados presentó indicios de problemas sanitarios relacionados a la presencia de estos parásitos, sin embargo, cabe resaltar el hallazgo de huevos del parásito Bertiella spp. por las implicancias que puede tener para la salud pública.
Variable density responses of primate communities to hunting pressure in a western Amazonian river basin
Authors: Rosin Cooper , Swamy Varun 
Published: May 2014

Large-bodied game species are in decline in tropical forests worldwide due to unsustainable extraction levels by hunters, which can result in cascading effects on vertebrate community structure. In this study, we examine the density responses of primate populations to different levels of hunting pressure in the Madre de Dios river basin, Peru. Across three surveyed sites, both small- and mid-sized primates exhibited population-level density compensation in response to the extirpation of sympatric large primates. Small primate density at one heavily hunted site was 5x that of a comparable nonhunted site, while the highest density of mid-sized primates was recorded at mid-level hunting pressure. Primate response to hunting pressure appears to be influenced by reproductive rate, with strong interspecific variability. High reproductive rate, infrequent extraction, and the relaxation of competitive interactions with extirpated large primates appear to facilitate increasing density of the smallest-bodied species. Evidence from elsewhere in the Madre de Dios basin suggests that large primates are particularly slow to recover from past hunting pressure, with continuing recovery even in sites that have not been hunted for several decades. These variable density responses to hunting pressure alter inter-specific and community dynamics, with potentially expansive short- and long-term ecosystem-level effects.