bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation networks in economics and finance: A review of methodologies and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Esmalifalak Hamidreza , Moradi‐Motlagh Amir 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an in‐depth review of the methodologies and innovations in the study of correlation networks in economics and finance. We explore the development of filtering algorithms and distance measures, emphasizing their critical role in extracting meaningful financial interconnections. Our study underscores the relevance of the minimum spanning tree, planar maximally filtered graph, and other advanced tools in interpreting financial dynamics. Empirical insights emphasize the increasing interconnectedness of global financial markets, underscoring the necessity of grasping correlation levels, market structures, and time‐varying dynamics. A notable observation is the marked increase in studies focusing on econometrics, economics, and finance post‐2015, indicating a paradigm shift in research emphasis. Through bibliometric analysis of 1200 publications, we highlight key authorship clusters, the instrumental contributions of individual researchers, trending keywords, and the growing influence of countries like Italy and China. We conclude with an overview of the software tools essential for both academic research and practical applications in financial network analysis.
Melatonin Rescues Influenza A Virus–Induced Cellular Energy Exhaustion via OMA1‐OPA1‐S in Acute Exacerbation of COPD
Authors: Wei Yuan‐Yuan , Ye Jing‐Jing , Zhang Da‐Wei , Hu Lei , Wu Hui‐Mei , Fei Guang‐He 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAlthough rapid progression and a poor prognosis in influenza A virus (IAV) infection–induced acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are frequently associated with metabolic energy disorders, the underlying mechanisms and rescue strategies remain unknown. We herein demonstrated that the level of resting energy expenditure increased significantly in IAV‐induced AECOPD patients and that cellular energy exhaustion emerged earlier and more significantly in IAV‐infected primary COPD bronchial epithelial (pDHBE) cells. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway; additionally, we consistently uncovered much earlier ATP exhaustion, more severe mitochondrial structural destruction and dysfunction, and OXPHOS impairment in IAV‐inoculated pDHBE cells, and these changes were rescued by melatonin. The level of OMA1‐dependent cleavage of OPA1 in the mitochondrial inner membrane and the shift in energy metabolism from OXPHOS to glycolysis were significantly increased in IAV‐infected pDHBE cells; however, these changes were rescued by OMA1‐siRNA or melatonin further treatment. Collectively, our data revealed that melatonin rescued IAV–induced cellular energy exhaustion via OMA1‐OPA1‐S to improve the clinical prognosis in COPD. This treatment may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for patients in which AECOPD is induced by IAV.
Investigating the impact of nanoemulsion of curcumin‐loaded olive oil on growth performance, feed utilization, immunological responses, and redox status of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp with emphasis on economic efficiency of supplementation
Authors: Fath El‐Bab Ahmed F. , El‐Ratel Ibrahim T. , Abdel‐Warith Abdel‐Wahab A. , Younis Elsayed M. , Davies Simon J. , El‐Raghi Ali Ali 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe trail aimed to explore the effect of dietary supplementation of curcumin loaded olive oil nanoemulsion (CUR‐OLNE) on growth performance, feed utilization, blood biochemical, redox status, and immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp, considering the economic efficiency of supplementation. A total of 280 healthy shrimps (3.42 ± 0.02 g) were randomly distributed into five equal groups and were fed diets containing 0 (CUR‐OLNE0), 5(CUR‐OLNE5), 10(CUR‐OLNE10), 15(CUR‐OLNE15) and 20 (CUR‐OLNE20) mg CUR‐OLNE/kg diet, respectively for 16 weeks. Among CUR‐OLNE treated groups, CUR‐OLNE20 showed the highest growth performance and feed utilization traits, including final body weight, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio. Notably, the photomicrographs provided further compelling evidence regarding the potential effect of CUR‐OLNE supplementation on muscle structure and integrity. Compared to the control, the levels of blood protein significantly induced in CUR‐OLNE15 and CUR‐OLNE20 treated groups (p < 0.05). All CUR‐OLNE ‐supplemented groups possessed lower activities of liver enzymes as well as the levels of urea and creatinine compared to the control (p < 0.05). The addition of 20 mg CUR‐OLNE/kg diet decreased the concentrations of cortisol, glucose and triglycerides. The dietary treatment significantly improved the secretion of digestive enzymes, including amylase, lipase, and protease. The lowest levels of Malondialdehyde and the highest levels of total antioxidant capacity, super oxide dismutase, catalase, lysozyme and immunoglobulin M were detected in both of CUR‐OLNE15, and CUR‐OLNE20 treated groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). There were considerable significant effects of dietary supplementation of CUR‐OLNE on economic efficiency. In conclusion, the application of nanocarriers for the delivery of dietary immune stimulants such as CUR‐OLNE to Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp is a promising strategy for improving shrimp nutrition. The addition of 20 mg CUR‐OLNE/kg to the diets of can be recommended as an affective intervention to improve growth performance, feed utilization, and health status of shrimp. Implementing this intervention can maximize the economic efficiency of shrimp farming while promoting sustainable practices in the industry.
Evolution and mandibular sexual dimorphism in mid‐Cretaceous scorpionflies (Insecta: Mecoptera: Meropeidae)
Authors: Zhang Yanjie , Labandeira Conrad C. , Yu Jiamiao , Shih Chungkun , Ren Dong , Gao Taiping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBased on several earwigfly specimens with well‐preserved mouthparts of Meropeidae from mid‐Cretaceous Burmese amber, a detailed, initial analysis was conducted of the structure of Mesozoic meropeids. Compared to the singularly flattened mandible of modern meropeids, the new specimens reveal that Mesozoic representatives had two distinct types of mandibles: blade‐shaped and scoop‐shaped. Current fossil evidence indicates that during the Mesozoic Era, Meropeidae displayed sexual dimorphism that was reflected in the structure of their mandibles. This structural difference may indicate that about 99 million years ago, meropeids had a more complex diet than extant confamilial taxa. Phylogenetic results suggest that Torvimerope gen. nov., along with Burmomerope, two extinct genera, form a clade and that are the sister taxon to crown‐group Meropeidae. The new material offers new possibilities for inferring the feeding habits and mating behavior of early Meropeidae.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two in‐feed chlortetracycline regimens provided to beef cattle
Authors: Toillion Alyssa R. , Apley Michael D. , Coetzee Johann F. , Kompalage Kushan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlasma chlortetracycline (CTC) concentration data were subjected to Monte Carlo simulation of area under the concentration curve (AUC) values related to bovine respiratory disease pathogen MIC distributions to evaluate target attainment rates. Crossbred Hereford heifers were randomly assigned into two treatment groups. Treatment group (A) received chlortetracycline (CTC) at a target dose of 22 mg/kg of bodyweight daily for 5 consecutive days (n = 8) and group (B) received CTC at 350 mg/head per day (1.5 ± 0.2 mg/kg based on actual bodyweights) for seven consecutive days (n = 8). Non‐compartmental analysis was used to calculate plasma‐free drug CTC area under the concentration curves. The mean observed (±SD) free drug AUC values were 4.18 (±1.72) μg × h/mL and 0.30 (±0.06) μg × h/mL for treatment groups A and B, respectively. The probability of target attainment for AUC24/MIC values of 25 and 12.5 was modeled using Monte Carlo simulations. Treatment group A achieved >90% target attainment (AUC24/MIC of 25) at an MIC of 0.06 μg/mL, whereas treatment group B displayed only 12.6% target attainment (AUC24/MIC of 12.5) at the lowest MIC evaluated (0.015 μg/mL). Both in‐feed CTC regimens failed to obtain a reasonable target attainment rate in light of expected MIC distributions of potential pathogens.
Morphological and molecular data on the bat flies, Basilia silvae (Brèthes, 1913) and Trichobius parasiticus Gervais, 1844 parasitizing Chilean bats
Authors: Lobos‐Ovalle Dante , Herrera‐Mares Angel , Lira‐Olguin Ali Z. , Allendes Juan Luis , Rodríguez‐San Pedro Annia , Moreno‐Salas Lucila , Uribe Juan E. , Silva‐de la Fuente Maria Carolina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmong mammals, bats harbour the greatest taxonomic diversity of ectoparasitic arthropods. This is mainly due to their high mobility, wide distribution range and gregarious social behaviour. In Chile, 17 species of bats have been reported; however, their ectoparasitic arthropofauna has been little studied. There are currently 12 taxa recorded, belonging to two classes and associated with only four species of bats. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of parasitic flies associated with bats in three ecoregions: Atacama Desert, Chilean Matorral and Valdivian temperate forest. During 2021, using mist nets, bats were captured in Anzota caves (Atacama Desert ecoregion), Huelquén and Alto Jahuel (Chilean Matorral ecoregion), Cherquenco and San Patricio (Valdivian temperate forest). Each bat was carefully checked during a 15‐min interval for the collection of ectoparasites. The arthropods were deposited in vials with 96% ethanol. A total of 26 bats corresponding to three species (Vespertilionidae: Histiotus magellanicus Philippi, 1866, Myotis arescens (Osgood, 1943); Phyllostomidae: Desmodus rotundus (Geoffroy, 1810)) were captured from which a total of 142 ectoparasitic arthropods were collected. Bat flies were separated/identified under a stereomicroscope. Additionally, from the fieldwork, we report the presence of other ectoparasites associated with Chilean bats. In our study, we report new host–parasite associations between Trichobius parasiticus Gervais, 1844 (Diptera: Streblidae) on D. rotundus, and Basilia silvae (Brèthes, 1913) (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) in M. arescens in Chile. Our study extended the latitudinal range of distribution for B. silvae to Araucanía region, and we report for first time T. parasiticus in the country. Additionally, partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase I gene were obtained from these specimens. Although there is slight morphological variation in the specimens of T. parasiticus, phylogenetic analyses suggest that they correspond to the same species. The sequences generated for B. silvae represent the first for the species. Authors recommend the use of an integrative approach in the identification of ectoparasites in poorly studied ecoregions and hosts. The integration of different markers is necessary to determine more precisely the phylogenetic relationships between South American populations and species of the genera Basilia and Trichobius.
Understanding interobserver variability of pathologists to improve oral epithelial dysplasia grading
Authors: Ng Grace Tze Ern , Phang Sarah Carmen , Yu Kae Shyang , Tiwari Lalima , Khurram Syed Ali , Sloan Philip , Kujan Omar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to understand reasons for interobserver variability in the grading of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) through a survey of pathologists to provide insight for improvements in the reliability and reproducibility of OED diagnoses.MethodsThe study design included quantitative and qualitative methodology. A pre‐validated 31‐item questionnaire was distributed to general, head and neck, and oral and maxillofacial histopathology specialists worldwide.ResultsA total of 132 pathologists participated and completed the questionnaire. Over two‐thirds used the three‐tier grading system for OED, while about a third used both binary and three‐tier systems. Regular reporters of OED preferred the three‐tier system and grading architectural features. Continuing education significantly aided recognition of architectural and cytological changes. Irregular epithelial stratification and drop‐shaped rete ridges had the lowest prognostic value and recognition scores, while loss of epithelial cell cohesion had the highest. Most participants used clinical information and often sought a second opinion when grading OED.ConclusionOur study has found that frequency of OED reporting and attendance of CME/CPD can play an important role in grading OED. Variations in the prognostic value of individual histological features and the use of clinical information may further contribute to interobserver variability.
Maternal micronutrient biomarkers and risk of non‐syndromic cleft lip/palate: A case–control study
Authors: Pisek Araya , McKinney Christy M. , Muktabhant Benja , Pitiphat Waranuch 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis case–control study investigated the associations between maternal plasma vitamin B12, homocysteine, and red blood cell (RBC) folate levels and the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) in offspring.Subjects and MethodsThe study compared 94 mothers and children with non‐syndromic CL/P from a teaching hospital in Thailand to 94 mother‐infant controls from local well‐baby clinics, frequency‐matched by birth date and mother's education. Data included anthropometric measurements, blood sample analyses, and a questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated the associations through multiple logistic regression, adjusting for confounders.ResultsMothers with higher plasma vitamin B12 levels had a lower risk of having a child with CL/P compared to those in the lowest quartile. This association was more pronounced among mothers without a family history of orofacial clefts and those who were not underweight. Conversely, elevated homocysteine levels, a marker of impaired B vitamin metabolism, increased the risk of CL/P. No association was found between RBC folate and CL/P.ConclusionHigher maternal vitamin B12 levels are associated with a reduced risk of CL/P, while elevated homocysteine levels may increase the risk.
Innovating dental diagnostics: ChatGPT's accuracy on diagnostic challenges
Authors: Danesh Arman , Danesh Arsalan , Danesh Farzad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionComplex patient diagnoses in dentistry require a multifaceted approach which combines interpretations of clinical observations with an in‐depth understanding of patient history and presenting problems. The present study aims to elucidate the implications of ChatGPT (OpenAI) as a comprehensive diagnostic tool in the dental clinic through examining the chatbot's diagnostic performance on challenging patient cases retrieved from the literature.MethodsOur study subjected ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4 to descriptions of patient cases for diagnostic challenges retrieved from the literature. Sample means were compared using a two‐tailed t‐test, while sample proportions were compared using a two‐tailed χ2 test. A p‐value below the threshold of 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.ResultsWhen prompted to generate their own differential diagnoses, ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4 achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 40% and 62%, respectively. When basing their diagnostic processes on a differential diagnosis retrieved from the literature, ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4 achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 70% and 80%, respectively.ConclusionChatGPT displays an impressive capacity to correctly diagnose complex diagnostic challenges in the field of dentistry. Our study paints a promising potential for the chatbot to 1 day serve as a comprehensive diagnostic tool in the dental clinic.
Metaethical angst and the solace of sentimentalism
Authors: Fleming Patrick 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPerhaps, nothing matters. Life might be devoid of value and meaning. Such thoughts can prompt feelings of angst. What kind of philosophical view could provide us with comfort? Some moral realists think that moral realism can. Moral realism does not comfort me. I think the comfort it gives others is an illusion. If we are moral realists, moral facts may be forever beyond our grasp. However, if we are anti‐realist sentimentalists, then moral facts are built for us to find. If we want to avoid angst, we can find solace in sentimentalism. That is not a reason to think sentimentalism is true. However, it is a reason to prefer that it is true.
Effects of a case management‐based intervention on non‐motor risk factors for falls in older people with history of falls: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Florido João Vitor Businaro , Caetano Maria Joana Duarte , Janducci Ana Luísa , Sossai Mariana Ignácio , Dias Ana Laura Oliveira , Gramani‐Say Karina , Ansai Juliana Hotta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundFalls are directly related to morbidity and mortality of older people. Multifactorial approaches that are individualised and based on fall risk factors are necessary. This study aims to verify the effects of a case management‐based intervention on non‐motor risk factors for falls in community‐dwelling older people with a history of falls.MethodsThe intervention applied a multidimensional assessment of risk factors for falls, a discussion about the identified risk factors, the preparation of an individualised plan with the participant, and the application, monitoring and review of the plan.ResultsThere was a significant interaction between groups and assessments only in the visuospatial domain (P = 0.031). After simple main effects analysis, differences between groups and assessments were not significant, although there was a tendency of worse visuospatial performance in the control group in the follow‐up assessment (P = 0.099). There were no significant differences between groups or between assessments in other variables.ConclusionThe intervention has the potential to maintain non‐motor risk factors for falls in community‐dwelling older people with a history of falls. However, more clinical trials are needed to prove its effects.
Assessing burden tolerance amid the Medicaid Great Unwinding
Authors: Haeder Simon F. , Moynihan Donald P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe pandemic era ushered in a period of policy adaptation in how states deliver programs. One aspect of this experimentation is how burdensome safety net administrative processes should be. Using national surveys taken before and after the end of the public health emergency, we offer evidence of how tolerant the public is about burdens when allowed to choose between discrete policy implementation options. First, we show that burden tolerance beliefs are durable and largely unmovable, staying relatively consistent over time, and unaffected by experimental frames. Second, while there is varying support for specific strategies, the public is broadly supportive of tools that reduce burdens in Medicaid. Third, we find consistent predictors of burden tolerance: conservative beliefs and racial resentment are associated with support for burdens, while empathy toward others, belief in burdens as a form of systemic racism, and low administrative capital make people less tolerant of burdens.
Spatial prediction of poverty in Gauteng province (South Africa) in‐between Censuses using land use datasets
Authors: Katumba Samy , Coetzee Serena , Stein Alfred , Fabris‐Rotelli Inger 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo realize the first sustainable development goal of ending “poverty in all its forms everywhere,” local governments in South Africa need to implement informed targeted policy interventions based on up‐to‐date data and sound analytics. Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) Censuses reveal the socioeconomic circumstances of people living in South Africa but are only conducted every 10 years. As a result, most analytical studies done in‐between Censuses rely on outdated socioeconomic data. This study demonstrates how poverty levels in one of the provinces of South Africa, Gauteng, can be predicted when up‐to‐date Census datasets are not available. The spatial lag model is used to explain the relationship between the South African Multidimensional Poverty Index (SAMPI) and statistically significant variables extracted from land use datasets (i.e., land areas classified as built‐up, informal, residential, township, and non‐urban), and to ultimately predict the levels of poverty. Out‐of‐sample predicted poverty levels obtained based on the spatial lag model correlate with the actual levels of poverty thereby reflecting known spatial patterns of the levels of poverty in Gauteng province.
Determining the strength of evidence for an association between sexual indicators and risk of acquiring HIV and sexually transmitted infections: Providing evidence for blood donation policy change
Authors: Flannagan Joe , Davison Katy L. , Reynolds Claire , Brailsford Susan R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn 2019 the For The Assessment Of Individualised Risk (FAIR) project began a review of UK blood donor selection policy to determine if a more individualised approach to donor selection could be safely implemented. An evidence base was required to inform selection policy to move from a population to a more individual based policy, specifically what sexual behaviours/indicators should be considered as screening questions to maintain the safety of the blood supply. Eight sexual behaviours/indicators were reviewed: history of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs), chemsex, number of recent partners, condom use, type of sex, sexual health service (SHS) attendance, new sexual partner and exclusivity. We conducted searches in multiple databases to identify literature looking at the association between these behaviours/indicators and HIV/STI acquisition risk. A scoring system to determine strength of evidence was devised and applied to papers that passed screening. Key studies were identified which achieved the maximum score and more in‐depth reviews were conducted for these. We identified 58 studies, including 17 key studies. Strong evidence was found linking a previous bacterial STI, chemsex and increasing numbers of sexual partners to acquisition risk. Condom use, type of sex and new partners were found to have some strength of evidence for this link. SHS attendance and exclusivity had minimal evidence. We recommended that the behaviours/indicators viewed as having strong or some strength of evidence should be considered as screening questions in a more individualised approach to donor selection criteria.
Cutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium marinum: A series of four cases from Kerala, India
Authors: Jagadeesan Soumya , Panicker Vinitha , Kumar Anil , Eapen Malini , Biswas Lalitha , Pillai Jyothish R. , Vijaykumar Divya , Sajini Lekshmi , Venugopal Anjana , Suresh Parasmal , Biswas Raja 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMycobacterium marinum is a non‐tuberculous mycobacterium which can be found in naturally occurring, non‐chlorinated water sources and is a known pathogen that affects fish. In humans, M. marinum typically results in cutaneous lesions, it can occasionally lead to more invasive disorders. We discuss four cases of M. marinum‐related cutaneous infections examined in a tertiary care facility. We want to draw attention to the challenges of accurately diagnosing this infection, stress the significance of having a high level of clinical suspicion in order to identify it, and discuss the available treatment choices.