bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wasserstoff, chemisch gespeichert
Authors: Papp Christian , Wasserscheid Peter , Libuda Jörg , Steinrück Hans‐Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractEin Ansatz, Energie chemisch zu speichern, sind flüssige organische Wasserstoffträger. Die Oberflächenforschung leistet Beiträge zum mechanistischen Verständnis der katalytischen Wasserstofffreisetzung und zieht Schlussfolgerungen für die praktische Anwendung solcher Techniken.
Top 200 Pharmawirkstoffe
Authors: Weber Fabian , Sedelmeier Gottfried 
Published: October 2014

AbstractFür das Jahr 2013 gibt es ein neues Poster mit den 200 umsatzstärksten Pharmawirkstoffen. Ihre Reihenfolge unterscheidet sich von der im Jahr 2011, Diabetes‐Medikamente nehmen zu.
Erträge der europäischen Chemie: das Beispiel Wacker
Authors: Schorsch Gilbert 
Published: October 2014

AbstractEine vergleichende Interpretation von Unternehmenskennzahlen ist wegen unterschiedlicher Situationen in verschiedenen Ländern schwierig. Der Blick auf ein einzelnes Unternehmen wie Wacker scheint dagegen aufschlussreich.
Circulating levels of maternal plasma cell‐free miR‐21 are associated with maternal body mass index and neonatal birth weight
Authors: Miura Kiyonori , Higashijima Ai , Hasegawa Yuri , Abe Shuhei , Miura Shoko , Kaneuchi Masanori , Yoshiura Koh‐ichiro , Masuzaki Hideaki 
Published: October 2014

What's already known about this topic?

Circulating cell‐free microRNA levels in maternal plasma are measurable.
Circulating levels of some microRNAs are associated with pregnancy‐associated disorders.What does this study add?

Cell‐free miR‐21 levels in maternal plasma are independent of fetal gender.
Neonatal birth weight affects plasma cell‐free miR‐21 levels.
Maternal body mass index affects plasma cell‐free miR‐21 levels.
Fetal diagnosis of testicular torsion: what shall we tell the parents?
Authors: Melcer Y. , Mendlovic S. , Klin B. , Keidar R. , Lysyy O. , Herman A. , Maymon R. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe objectives of this study are to present our collective experience with the prenatal diagnosis of testicular torsion and to propose a possible prenatal management scheme.MethodsWe retrospectively collected and reviewed all medical records of cases that were diagnosed with perinatal testicular torsion in our medical center between the years 2002 and 2013. Prenatal torsion was categorized as torsion diagnosed in utero or on immediate newborn examination.ResultsA total of five unilateral prenatal torsions were diagnosed. Two fetuses were diagnosed in the third trimester of pregnancy. In both cases, cesarean section was performed immediately upon diagnosis. One newborn underwent immediate orchiectomy with contralateral orchiopexy. Torsion was confirmed by pathological examination. The other was managed conservatively, just as the three newborns who were diagnosed immediately after birth. On follow‐up scan, the affected testicle was found atrophied with lack of blood flow on color Doppler examination. The unaffected contralateral testicle remained within the normal size with good blood flow.ConclusionsPrenatal diagnosis of unilateral testicular torsion is a coincidental rare finding. Because the twisted testicle cannot be salvaged, induced delivery and prompt surgery are not recommended. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rigour and rigidity: Systematics on particle physics D6‐brane models on ℤ2 × ℤ6
Authors: Ecker J. , Honecker G. , Staessens W. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe launch a systematic search for phenomenologically appealing string vacua with intersecting D‐branes on the promising T6/(ℤ2 × ℤ6 × Ω ℛ) orientifold with discrete torsion. The number of independent background lattices is reduced from six to two by new symmetries. The occurrence of USp(2N) and SO(2N) versus U(N) gauge groups is classified as well as D‐branes without matter in the adjoint and/or symmetric representation. Supersymmetric fractional D6‐branes allowing for RR tadpole cancellation are fully classified in terms of all possible values of the one complex structure modulus inherited from the underlying six‐torus. We then systematically investigate the conditions for three particle generations at pairwise intersections of two D6‐branes. Global SU(5) GUT models on T6/(ℤ2 × ℤ6 × Ω ℛ) are excluded by demanding three generations and no exotic matter in the 15 representation. Two prototypes of global Pati‐Salam models with a mild amount of vector‐like exotic matter are found.
Nanoscale investigation on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formed on porous silicon using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Kannan Ashwin , Karumanchi Subbalakshmi Latha , Krishna Vinatha , Thiruvengadam Kothai , Ramalingam Subramaniam , Gautam Pennathur 
Published: October 2014

SummaryColonization of surfaces by bacterial cells results in the formation of biofilms. There is a need to study the factors that are important for formation of biofilms since biofilms have been implicated in the failure of semiconductor devices and implants. In the present study, the adhesion force of biofilms (formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa) on porous silicon substrates of varying surface roughness was quantified using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The experiments were carried out to quantify the effect of surface roughness on the adhesion force of biofilm. The results show that the adhesion force increased from 1.5 ± 0.5 to 13.2 ± 0.9 nN with increase in the surface roughness of silicon substrate. The results suggest that the adhesion force of biofilm is affected by surface roughness of substrate. SCANNING 36:551–553, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Nature of Experiences Responsible for the Generation and Maintenance of Interest in STEM
Authors: MALTESE ADAM V. , MELKI CHRISTINA S. , WIEBKE HEIDI L. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTPrevious research has established the importance of early interest in STEM as a key factor in persistence. Our current research builds on this foundation and extends it to add more detail to understanding the types of experiences that trigger and maintain interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Using survey data from nearly 8,000 individuals, we are able to address the When?, What?, and Who? of those first experiences. Additionally, our data provide information on the types of experiences that maintained interest (or not) beyond the triggering event. Through purposeful sampling, our data include those who ended up in STEM fields and those who did not, which allows us to make important comparisons across these groups. Overall, our findings indicate that individuals who complete STEM degrees have quite varied histories and that the triggering of their interest happened across a wide age spectrum. Similarly, in terms of who was involved or what their triggering experience was, the general results support the notion that there are many pathways to STEM with no clear preferential pathway.
Robust dimension reduction
Authors: Chenouri Shojaeddin , Liang Jiaxi , Small Christopher G. 
Published: October 2014

Information in the data often has far fewer degrees of freedom than the number of variables encoding the data. Dimensionality reduction attempts to reduce the number of variables used to describe the data. In this article, we shall survey some dimension reduction techniques that are robust. We consider linear dimension reduction first and describe robust principal component analysis (PCA) using three approaches. The first approach uses a singular value decomposition of a robust covariance matrix. The second approach employs robust measures of dispersion to realize PCA as a robust projection pursuit. The third approach uses a low‐rank plus sparse decomposition of the data matrix.We also survey robust approaches to nonlinear dimension reduction under a unifying framework of kernel PCA. By using a kernel trick, the robust methods available for PCA can be extended to nonlinear cases. WIREs Comput Stat 2015, 7:63–69. doi: 10.1002/wics.1331This article is categorized under:

Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Manifold Learning
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Robust Methods
Screen Printed Asymmetric Supercapacitors based on LiCoO2 and Graphene Oxide*
Authors: Dighe Ashish B. , Dubal Deepak P. , Holze Rudolf 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAiming at both high energy and power density, asymmetric supercapacitors with screen printed lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) and graphene oxide GO as electrode materials were assembled. LiCoO2 was synthesized by a facile and inexpensive hydrothermal method, whereas GO was synthesized according to a modified Hummer's method. Both powders were coated on flexible stainless steel substrates using screen printing technology. Finally, asymmetric supercapacitors were assembled using LiCoO2 as positive and GO as negative electrode with a porous polypropylene sheet as separator and an aqueous electrolyte solution of LiClO4. The electrochemical properties of this asymmetric cell were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge experiments. The asymmetric supercapacitor LiCoO2//GO could be cycled reversibly in the wide voltage region 0–1.5 V; it shows an impressive performance with an energy density of 19.2 Whkg–1 (based on the total mass of the active materials of the two electrodes). Importantly, this device exhibits an excellent long cycling life with 85 % specific capacitance retained after 1500 cycles. A demonstration cell could effectively light up an LED.
Systematic Mediastinal Lymphadenectomy or Mediastinal Lymph Node Sampling in Patients With Pathological Stage I NSCLC: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Dong Siyuan , Du Jiang , Li Wenya , Zhang Shuguang , Zhong Xinwen , Zhang Lin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the evidence comparing systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy (SML) and mediastinal lymph node sampling (MLS) in the treatment of pathological stage I NSCLC using meta‐analytical techniques.MethodsA literature search was undertaken until January 2014 to identify the comparative studies evaluating 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival rates. The pooled odds ratios (OR) and the 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were calculated with either the fixed or random effect models.ResultsOne RCT study and four retrospective studies were included in our meta‐analysis. These studies included a total of 711 patients: 317 treated with SML, and 394 treated with MLS. The SML and the MLS did not demonstrate a significant difference in the 1‐year survival rate. There were significant statistical differences between the 3‐year (P = 0.03) and 5‐year survival rates (P = 0.004), which favored SML.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis suggests that in pathological stage I NSCLC, the MLS can get the similar outcome to the SML in terms of 1‐year survival rate. However, the SML is superior to MLS in terms of 3‐ and 5‐year survival rates.
Assessment of the Availability of Technology for Trauma Care in India
Authors: Shah Mihir Tejanshu , Joshipura Manjul , Singleton Jered , LaBarre Paul , Desai Hem , Sharma Eliza , Mock Charles 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to assess the status of availability of technology for trauma care in a state in India and to identify factors contributing to both adequate levels of availability and to deficiencies. We also sought to identify potential solutions to deficiencies in terms of health system management and product development.MethodsThirty‐two technology‐related items were selected from the World Health Organization’s Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care. The status of these items was assessed at 43 small and large hospitals in Gujarat State. Site visits utilized direct inspection and interviews with administrative, clinical, and bioengineering staff.ResultsMany specific individual items could be better supplied, including many that were very low cost (e.g., chest tubes). Many deficiencies arose because of mismatch of resources, such as availability of equipment in the absence of personnel trained to use it. Several locally manufactured items were fairly well supplied: pulse oximetry, image intensification, and X‐ray machines. Ventilators were often deficient because of inadequate numbers of units and frequent breakdowns.ConclusionsAvailability of a range of lower‐cost items could be improved by better organization and planning, such as: better procurement and stock management; eliminating mismatch of resources, including optimizing training for use of existing resources; and by strengthening service contracts and in‐house repair capabilities. From a product development viewpoint, there is a need for lower cost, more durable, and easier to repair ventilators. Promoting increased capacity for local manufacturing should also be considered as a potential method to decrease cost and increase availability of a range of equipment.
Hysteroscopic diagnosis and excision of myometrial cystic adenomyosis
Authors: Gordts S. , Campo R. , Brosens I. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn 1908, Cullen described the first cases of cystic adenomyosis in his textbook on adenomyomata. Although not very common, with the introduction of noninvasive imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3-D transvaginal ultrasound, an increasing number of cases have been reported. Patients primarily complain of severe dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Currently, it is unclear whether adenomyosis and, more specifically, cystic adenomyosis can be an underlying reason for impaired fertility and reproductive outcome. With the postponement of childbearing, the number of patients with adenomyosis and cystic adenomyosis seeking fertility treatment is increasing. Therefore, in these patients, uterine exploration should include not only the evaluation of the endometrial cavity but also the exploration of the sub-endometrial zone. Indirect imaging techniques, combined with office mini-hysteroscopy, offer the possibility of complete uterine exploration. Two patients with cystic adenomyosis are described in this paper: one had the chief complaint of menorrhagia and the other was referred for evaluation of infertility and severe dysmenorrhea. The aim of these case reports is to present hysteroscopic dissection and ablation of adenomyotic cysts as an alternative procedure for the surgical management of this condition.
Reduced Uptake of Family Screening in Genotype‐Negative Versus Genotype‐Positive Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Hanninen Mikael , Klein George J. , Laksman Zachary , Conacher Susan S. , Skanes Allan C. , Yee Raymond , Gula Lorne J. , Leong‐Sit Peter , Manlucu Jaimie , Krahn Andrew D. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe acceptance and yield of family screening in genotype‐negative long QT syndrome (LQTS) remains incompletely characterized. In this study of family screening for phenotype‐definite Long QT Syndrome (LQTS, Schwartz score ≥3.5), probands at a regional Inherited Cardiac Arrhythmia clinic were reviewed. All LQTS patients were offered education by a qualified genetic counselor, along with materials for family screening including electronic and paper correspondence to provide to family members. Thirty‐eight qualifying probands were identified and 20 of these had family members who participated in cascade screening. The acceptance of screening was found to be lower among families without a known pathogenic mutation (33 vs. 77 %, p = 0.02). A total of 52 relatives were screened; fewer relatives were screened per index case when the proband was genotype‐negative (1.7 vs. 3.1, p = 0.02). The clinical yield of screening appeared to be similar irrespective of gene testing results (38 vs. 33 %, p = 0.69). Additional efforts to promote family screening among gene‐negative long QT families may be warranted.
Bipolar I and II versus unipolar depression: Clinical differences and impulsivity/aggression traits
Authors: Dervic K. , Garcia-Amador M. , Sudol K. , Freed P. , Brent D.A. , Mann J.J. , Harkavy-Friedman J.M. , Oquendo M.A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjective:To investigate distinguishing features between bipolar I, II and unipolar depression, and impulsivity/aggression traits in particular.Methods:Six hundred and eighty-five (n = 685) patients in a major depressive episode with lifetime Unipolar (UP) depression (n = 455), Bipolar I (BP-I) disorder (n = 151), and Bipolar II (BP-II) (n = 79) disorder were compared in terms of their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.Results:Compared to unipolar patients, BP-I and BP-II depressed patients were significantly younger at onset of their first depressive episode, and were more likely to experience their first depressive episode before/at age of 15. They also had more previous affective episodes, more first- and second-degree relatives with history of mania, more current psychotic and subsyndromal manic symptoms, and received psychopharmacological and psychotherapy treatment at an earlier age. Furthermore, BP-I and BP-II depressed patients had higher lifetime impulsivity, aggression, and hostility scores. With regard to bipolar subtypes, BP-I patients had more trait-impulsivity and lifetime aggression than BP-II patients whereas the latter had more hostility than BP-I patients. As for co-morbid disorders, Cluster A and B Personality Disorders, alcohol and substance abuse/dependence and anxiety disorders were more prevalent in BP-I and BP-II than in unipolar patients. Whereas the three groups did not differ on other socio-demographic variables, BP-I patients were significantly more often unemployed that UP patients.Conclusion:Our findings comport with major previous findings on differences between bipolar and unipolar depression. As for trait characteristics, bipolar I and II depressed patients had more life-time impulsivity and aggression/hostility than unipolar patients. In addition, bipolar I and II patients also differed on these trait characteristics.
Insight and Satisfaction with Life Among Adolescents with Mental Disorders: Assessing Associations with Self-Stigma and Parental Insight
Authors: Gaziel M. , Hasson-Ohayon I. , Morag-Yaffe M. , Schapir L. , Zalsman G. , Shoval G. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjective:The purpose of the current study was to assess the associations of illness perception-related variables with satisfaction with life (SwL) among adolescents with mental disorders.Methods:Insight into mental disorder (SAI-E), Internalized stigma of mental illness (ISMI) and Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS) were administrated to 30 adolescent patients. Adapted version for parents of the SAI-E was also administrated to 37 of their parents.Results:Significant positive correlations were found between insight into the illness, self-stigma and parental insight. Insight and self-stigma were significantly negatively related to the total score of SwL and few of its dimensions while parental insight was significantly associated only with the SwL dimensions of school and self. Regression models revealed main negative effects of insight and self-stigma on SwL and no interaction effect.Conclusions:The possible independent contribution of insight and self-stigma to SwL should be addressed in interventions designed for family and adolescents coping with mental illness. Special attention should be given to the possible negative implications that insight possesses. In lack of support of the moderation role of self-stigma, reported in studies among adults with mental illness, future studies should trace other variables in order to further understand the insight paradox among adolescents.
Effect of Head and Face Insulation on Cooling Rate During Snow Burial
Authors: McIntosh Scott E. , Crouch Andre K. , Dorais Andrew , McDevitt Marion , Wilson Courtney , Harmston Chris H. , Radwin Marty I. , Grissom Colin K. 
Published: October 2014

Objectives Avalanche victims are subjected to a number of physiological stressors during burial. We simulated avalanche burial to monitor physiological data and determine whether wearing head and face insulation slows cooling rate during snow burial. In addition, we sought to compare 3 different types of temperature measurement methods. Methods Nine subjects underwent 2 burials each, 1 with head and face insulation and 1 without. Burials consisted of a 60-minute burial phase followed by a 60-minute rewarming phase. Temperature was measured via 3 methods: esophageal probe, ingestible capsule, and rectal probe. Results Cooling and rewarming rates were not statistically different between the 2 testing conditions when measured by the 3 measurement methods. All temperature measurement methods correlated significantly. Conclusions Head and face insulation did not protect the simulated avalanche victim from faster cooling or rewarming. Because the 3 temperature measurement methods correlated, the ingestible capsule may provide an advantageous noninvasive method for snow burial and future hypothermia studies if interruptions in data transmission can be minimized.
Taxonomic overview and tusk growth analyses of Ziegler Reservoir proboscideans
Authors: Fisher Daniel C. , Cherney Michael D. , Newton Cody , Rountrey Adam N. , Calamari Zachary T. , Stucky Richard K. , Lucking Carol , Petrie Lesley 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAt an altitude of 2705 m in the Colorado Rockies (USA), the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site gives a rare look at a high-elevation ecosystem from the late Pleistocene (especially MIS 5) of North America. Remains of more than four mammoths and about 35 mastodons dominate the macrofossil assemblage. Mammoth remains are attributed to Mammuthus columbi, and mastodon remains are referred to the well-known, continent-wide Mammut americanum. Mastodon remains occur within and between several lake-margin slump deposits. Their deposition must therefore have occurred as events that were to some degree separate in time. We treat the mastodon assemblage in each stratigraphic unit as a source of information on environmental conditions during the lives of these individuals. Mastodon mandibular tusks are abundant at the site and represent both males and females, from calves to full-grown adults. This study presents the first attempt to use microCT, thin-section, and isotope records from mandibular tusks to reconstruct features of life-history. We recognize an up-section trend in δ18O profiles toward higher values, suggestive of warmer temperatures. Throughout this sequence, mastodon growth histories show low mean sensitivities suggestive of low levels of environmental stress. This work helps frame expectations for assessing environmental pressures on terminal Pleistocene populations.