bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
John Muir as a Guide to Education in Environmental Aesthetics
Authors: Wattles Jeffrey 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
John Muir’s writings portray total personality engagement leading to the liberating unification of the following components of aesthetic experience: keen perception, scientific understanding, empathy and a sense of the expressiveness of nature, imagination cultivated by the arts, intellectual recognition of the harmony of contrasts, philosophical aesthetic reflection (little developed in Muir), and joyful appreciation of beauty as divine. Muir’s theocentric aesthetic contributes to the current variety of cultural and disciplinary aesthetic perspectives. He shows the roles of empathy and imagination in sensitivity to expressiveness in nature. He points the way toward a post-Kantian conception of the relation of the beautiful and the sublime. And the harmonies he finds range from simple to complex, easy to difficult, and small scale to cosmic. The paper is a version of a document used to launch experiential projects in environmental aesthetics for university art students (and there is support for those who choose not to pattern after the religious dimension of Muir’s aesthetic experience). The educational assumption is that it helps those who wish to develop their appreciation of the beauties of nature to study an analysis of an example of heroic personality dynamics with its dimensions of body, mind, and soul so magnificently engaged.
Social education politics in a Europe of inequalities
Authors: Cortés Javier Bascuñan 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyse some indicators which allow us to understand the current state of social education politics in Europe, with special reference to Spain. Some European and Spanish social and educational policies which try to confront the challenges of the current financial crisis are also explained. Some deficiencies, failures and contradictions attached to the process of the construction of European citizenship are pointed out. Some key topics which seem to foresee a deeper social and democratic crisis apart from the economic one are tackled. It is explained how the new forms of inequality evidence the failure of some of the important declarations of intent and objectives of the European Union. The subjection of social and democratic aspects to neoliberal economy —i.e. the negation of ideologies— is questioned. To conclude, some key topics are proposed as the central axis through which it could be possible to redefine the content of social education politics in Europe and Spain and to set the bases of a new democratic European citizenship
Problems and challenges of educational policies in Latin America. The Argentina viewpoint
Authors: Muscará Francisco 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The objective of this article is to describe the most significant changes which are being carried out in Latin-American educational systems, taking Argentina as a point of reference. To that end, this comparative study tackles the following essential aspects: the principle of equal opportunities and social cohesion; decentralisation of educational systems at an institutional level; educational quality and equity problems; the career of teaching; and financial resources. The reforms carried out at university level have not been analysed, since their complexity exceeds the limits of this article. To conclude, we briefly mention the future goals which have been agreed by those responsible for education in diverse Latin-American countries.
Reflections on education policy in Spain: a problematic discipline
Authors: Benítez Manuel de Puelles 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Education policy in Spain, a curricular discipline in the Education Faculties since 1974, has been a foreign body —because of its inevitable connection with political sciences— both in the former Degree in Education and in the current one, a result of the curriculum adaptation to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). The Degree in Education aims to train teachers, not education-oriented political scientists, but, unlike other similar disciplines —education sociology or education economy— which have managed to find their place in the curriculum as supplementary knowledge, education policy runs the risk of being distorted if we do not root it in the political sciences it stems from. The reflections presented in this paper therefore focus on the three major problems the discipline does not get to resolve: its conceptual indeterminacy, the right nature of this body of knowledge and the lack of canonical boundaries of its knowledge fields.
A typology of education ballot issues: 1906 to 2009
Authors: Carpenter Dick M. , Clouse Wendi 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Almost half of the states in the United States allow citizens to make educational policy through ballot issues, a mechanism of direct democracy. Yet, no study has attempted analyze the educational ballot issue landscape, meaning little systematic attention has been paid to this important and increasingly influential form of educational policy making. This study identifies and classifies the types of state ballot issues considered by voters in the 24 states that allow for the creation of educational policy through direct democracy. Between 1906 and 2009, citizens voted on 206 education-related ballot issues. Among these, six types emerged: curriculum and instruction, equity, fiscal, infrastructure, morality, and reform. Ballot issues have been used most often for fiscal issues, followed by infrastructure, reform, morality, and curriculum and instruction. Across all types of ballot issues, voters rejected education initiatives by a wide margin: A little more than 66% failed at the ballot box. Nevertheless, it remains a popular method of grassroots educational policymaking—2000 to 2009 saw the most frequent consideration of education ballot issues.
Problems and challenges for the Politics of Education before the change of prominence experienced by educational actors
Authors: Fernández-Soria Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This paper deals with some of the problems that the Politics of Education has to face both as a subject and as a government action. Based above all on the literature appeared in specialized journals during the last five years, our attention is firstly focused on the concern for using an active methodology in the teaching of this subject which places students at the center of the teaching-learning process with the aim of encouraging their interest in its contents and inducing them to acquire civic competences. Secondly, the new but already deeply-rooted neoliberal conception of education is used to describe some of its policies, such as accountability, assessment and free choice of school. Our study finally stresses the change of prominence experienced by educational actors and calls researchers and teaching staff to face such challenges from an understanding of politics as a transforming action that seeks equality and social cohesion.
Dynamic Systems Modeling in Educational System Design & Policy
Authors: Groff Jennifer Sterling 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Over the last several hundred years, local and national educational systems have evolved from relatively simple systems to incredibly complex, interdependent, policy-laden structures, to which many question their value, effectiveness, and direction they are headed. System Dynamics is a field of analysis used to guide policy and system design in numerous fields including business and urban planning. Applying this tool to educational policy analysis offers insights into the hidden dynamics of the current system, and can be an invaluable tool in designing future scenarios. We explore underlying dynamics of the current US educational system using System Dynamics modeling, and offer an analysis of this tool and its practical application in the US educational system through a case study on the US state of Rhode Island in the 2007–2008 school year.
The spectre of educational policy spreads throughout Europe. Its presence as a discipline in postgraduate education
Authors: Jiménez Eguizábal Alfredo , Palmero Cámara Carmen , Luis Rico Isabel 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to identify and analyse the ways educational policy is understood, taught and practiced as a training discipline at postgraduate level in the European context. We have validated its epistemological solvency through a quantitative, comparative and ethnographic study of its main features as a discipline –such as ideological and valorative component, praxis-oriented discourse or sustainable and plural normative proposals- found in a stratified sample of 20 countries, 112 universities and 170 training programmes. We also discuss the innovative and formative potential of educational policy to resolve the most contested pedagogical issues and design the educational system, specifying when, how and in which conditions it is constructed as an academic discipline. Among the findings stand out the accreditation and the assessment of the specific role of the values, actors, institutions, supranational decisions and public and curricular policies that shape up educational programmes at a European level, hence contributing to the disciplinary progress of educational policy as a pedagogical, normative, axiological and plural knowledge.
The demographic and contextual correlates of work‐related repetitive strain injuries among canadian men and women
Authors: Breslin F. Curtis , Ibrahim S. , Smith P. , Mustard C. , Amick B. , Shankardass K. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe study sought to identify gender differences in work‐related repetitive strain injuries (RSI), as well as examine the degree to which non‐work factors such as family roles interact with gender to modify RSI risk. Another aim is to examine whether there are potential provincial differences in work‐related RSI risk.MethodsThe 2003/2005 Canadian Community Health Survey included over 89,000 respondents who reported working in the past 12 months. Separate multi‐level models for men and women were used to identify the correlates of work‐related RSIs.ResultsWomen reported sustaining more work‐related RSIs than men. Also, having one or more children in the household was associated with lower work‐related RSI risk for females. Both men and women in British Columbia reported higher work‐related RSI rates than in Ontario.ConclusionsGender contributes to RSI risk in multiple and diverse ways based on labor market segregation, non‐work exposures, and possibly biological vulnerability, which suggests more tailored interventions. Also, the provincial differences indicate that monitoring and surveillance of work injury across jurisdictions can assist in province‐wide prevention and occupational health and safety evaluation. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:1180–1189, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fictions from a Medicalised Family Therapy Practice
Authors: Nobbs Kate 
Published: July 2013

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV ‐ TR (DSM) is currently employed by the Mental Health Services of the Netherlands as the basis of an integrated system of keeping track of clients and their progress through psychotherapy. Using a story from a narrative therapy practice to illustrate the current situation, concerns about the use of the DSM and Routine Outcome Monitoring as policing strategies will be discussed. Ethical and moral issues relating to the medicalisation of psychotherapy practice in the Netherlands under this regime are considered.
DSM and the Diagnosis‐MacGuffin: Implications for the Self and Society
Authors: Epstein Eugene , Wiesner Manfred , Duda Lothar 
Published: July 2013

The authors posit the idea that over the past 50 years, the psychiatric and psychotherapeutic discourses of the western first world have infiltrated practically every aspect of our culture and society. It is the authors’ belief that the introduction of the new DSM‐5 will only serve to further that expansion. What are the implications of this development for our society as well as our range of options for understanding the self?
Mesoporous silica particles grafted with polystyrene brushes as a nucleation agent for polystyrene supercritical carbon dioxide foaming
Authors: Yang Jintao , Huang Lingqi , Zhang Yuefang , Chen Feng , Zhong Mingqiang 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, spherical ordered mesoporous silica (s‐OMS) was applied as a new type of nucleating agent in polystyrene (PS) foaming with supercritical CO2 as a blowing agent. These s‐OMS particles were modified by the selective grafting of PS brushes on the outside surface, by which the mesoporous structure inside particles could be maintained. Transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis were used to characterize the structure of the original and modified particles; these indicated that the PS brushes were grafted on the outside surface and the inside porous structure were maintained. PS/s‐OMS–PS composites were prepared by a solution blending method, and the s‐OMS–PS particles could have been well dispersed in the PS matrix because of the surface modification. Subsequently, PS and composite microcellular foams were prepared by a batch foaming process, and the morphology characterization on these foams showed that the s‐OMS particles exhibited an excellent heterogeneous effect on PS foaming. The heterogeneous effect became more significant when the foaming temperature or saturation pressure was low. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4308–4317, 2013
Influence of electron beam irradiation on the mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene/polyamide6 blends
Authors: Nakamura Shigeya , Tokumitsu Katsuhisa , Yamaguchi Tohru 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis article investigates the effects of electron beam irradiation on the mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene/polyamide6 blends (45/55) with talc 20% (w/w) as filler, SEBS‐g‐MAH 5% (w/w) as compatibilizer, and 10 phr triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC). TAIC is a polyfunctional monomer and acts as a crosslinking agent. Although the tensile and flexural moduli and strengths of the PP/PA6 blends with talc, SEBS‐g‐MAH, and TAIC were increased by the application of electron beam irradiation, the impact strength was decreased. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed that the melting temperatures and the degree of crystallinity decreased for all PP/PA6 blends as the electron beam irradiation dose increased, because of the number of structural defects in each crystalline phase. From dynamic mechanical analyzer results, a storage modulus curve in the plateau region was observed only in the PP/PA6 blends with talc, SEBS‐g‐MAH, and TAIC. The modulus increased with increasing electron beam irradiation dose, indicating that the three‐dimensional network developed gradually in the more amorphous PA6. Consequently, the most significant improvement to heat distortion under high load (1.8 MPa) was observed at 200 kGy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4318–4326, 2013
Influence of partial cross‐linking degree on basic physical properties of RTM6 epoxy resin
Authors: Moosburger‐Will Judith , Greisel Michael , Sause Markus G. R. , Horny Robert , Horn Siegfried 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThermo‐physical and mechanical properties of partially and completely cross‐linked RTM6 epoxy resin samples in the glassy state have been investigated. A significant dependence of glass transition temperature, density, and modulus on the curing history and the curing degree is found. Density and modulus decrease with increasing curing degree and show a step‐like irregularity in the so called transition region, which is related to the transition from rubber to glassy state during cross‐linking and the starting of structural relaxation processes. The relationship between the thermo‐physical and mechanical properties, which is important for the development of new processing routes for fiber reinforced polymers, is addressed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4338–4346, 2013
Differential effects of resveratrol and its natural analogs, piceatannol and 3,5,4′‐trans‐trimethoxystilbene, on anti‐inflammatory heme oxigenase‐1 expression in RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Son Yong , Chung Hun‐Taeg , Pae Hyun‐Ock 
Published: July 2013

AbstractResveratrol (Res) and its two natural analogs that are also related to Res metabolism, piceatannol (Pic) and 3,5,4′‐trans‐trimethoxystilbene (TMS), were compared in their ability to suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced production of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and to induce anti‐inflammatory heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression in RAW264.7 macrophages. At non‐cytotoxic concentrations, they differentially suppressed LPS‐induced production of TNF‐α and IL‐1β; the relative potency for suppression of TNF‐α and IL‐1β production was Pic > Res > TMS. Res and Pic differentially induced HO‐1 expression; Pic, which possesses four hydroxyl groups, was more active in inducing HO‐1 expression than Res that contains three hydroxyl groups. TMS, which has none of hydroxyl groups, failed to induce HO‐1 expression. These findings suggest that the hydroxyl groups of Res analogs are important for suppression of TNF‐α and IL‐1β production and HO‐1 expression. Interestingly, protoporphyrin‐IX, a competitive inhibitor of HO‐1 activity, partly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Res and Pic (but not TMS) on TNF‐α and IL‐1β production, suggesting that suppression of TNF‐α and IL‐1β production correlates at least in part with HO‐1 expression. Overall, the ability of Res analogs to induce HO‐1 expression may provide one of possible mechanisms of their anti‐inflammatory action. © 2013 BioFactors, 40(1):138–145, 2014.
Preparation of reusable bioreactors using reversible immobilization of enzyme on monolithic porous polymer support with attached gold nanoparticles
Authors: Lv Yongqin , Lin Zhixing , Tan Tianwei , Svec Frantisek 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTPorcine lipase has been reversibly immobilized on a monolithic polymer support containing thiol functionalities prepared within confines of a fused silica capillary and functionalized with gold nanoparticles. Use of gold nanoparticles enabled rejuvenation of the activity of the deactivated reactor simply by stripping the inactive enzyme from the nanoparticles using 2‐mercaptoethanol and subsequent immobilization of fresh lipase. This flow through enzymatic reactor was then used to catalyze the hydrolysis of glyceryl tributyrate (tributyrin). The highest activity was found within a temperature range of 37–40°C. The reaction kinetics is characterized by Michaelis–Menten constant, Km = 10.9 mmol/L, and maximum reaction rate, Vmax = 5.0 mmol/L min. The maximum reaction rate for the immobilized enzyme is 1,000 times faster compared to lipase in solution. The fast reaction rate enabled to achieve 86.7% conversion of tributyrin in mere 2.5 min and an almost complete conversion in 10 min. The reactor lost only less than 10% of its activity even after continuous pumping through it a solution of substrate equaling 1,760 reactor volumes. Finally, potential application of this enzymatic reactor was demonstrated with the transesterification of triacylglycerides from kitchen oil to fatty acid methyl esters thus demonstrating the ability of the reactor to produce biodiesel. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 50–58. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Breakage of transgenic tobacco roots for monoclonal antibody release in an ultra‐scale down shearing device
Authors: Hassan Sally , Keshavarz‐Moore Eli , Ma Julian , Thomas Colin 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTTransgenic tobacco roots offer a potential alternative to leaves for monoclonal antibody (MAb) production. A possible method for extraction of MAbs from roots is by homogenization, breaking the roots into fragments to release the antibody. This process was assessed by shearing 10 mm root sections (“roots”) in a 24 mL ultra‐scale down shearing device, including an impeller with serrated blade edges, intended to mimic the action of a large‐scale homogenizer. Size distributions of the remaining intact roots and root fragments were obtained as a function of shearing time. The data suggest that about 36% of the roots could not be broken under the prevailing conditions and, beyond these unbreakable roots, the fragmentation was approximately first order with respect to intact root number. It was postulated that root breakage in such a high shearing device was due to root‐impeller collisions and the particle size data suggest that roots colliding with the impeller were completely fragmented into debris particles of the order of 0.1 mm in length. IgG release normalized to release by grinding appeared to lag behind the number of roots that had fragmented, suggesting that a process of leakage followed fragmentation in the ultra‐scale down shearing device. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 196–201. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation into the Feasibility of Thioditaloside as a Novel Scaffold for Galectin‐3‐Specific Inhibitors
Authors: Bum‐Erdene Khuchtumur , Gagarinov Ivan A. , Collins Patrick M. , Winger Moritz , Pearson Andrew G. , Wilson Jennifer C. , Leffler Hakon , Nilsson Ulf J. , Grice I. Darren , Blanchard Helen 
Published: July 2013

AbstractGalectin‐3 is extensively involved in metabolic and disease processes, such as cancer metastasis, thus giving impetus for the design of specific inhibitors targeting this β‐galactose‐binding protein. Thiodigalactoside (TDG) presents a scaffold for construction of galectin inhibitors, and its inhibition of galectin‐1 has already demonstrated beneficial effects as an adjuvant with vaccine immunotherapy, thereby improving the survival outcome of tumour‐challenged mice. A novel approach—replacing galactose with its C2 epimer, talose—offers an alternative framework, as extensions at C2 permit exploitation of a galectin‐3‐specific binding groove, thereby facilitating the design of selective inhibitors. We report the synthesis of thioditaloside (TDT) and crystal structures of the galectin‐3 carbohydrate recognition domain in complexes with TDT and TDG. The different abilities of galactose and talose to anchor to the protein correlate with molecular dynamics studies, likely explaining the relative disaccharide binding affinities. The feasibility of a TDT scaffold to enable access to a particular galectin‐3 binding groove and the need for modifications to optimise such a scaffold for use in the design of potent and selective inhibitors are assessed.
Equivalent circuit characterization of resonant magnetic coupling for wireless transmission of electrical energy
Authors: Sandrolini Leonardo , Reggiani Ugo , Puccetti Giovanni , Neau Yves 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper provides the accurate characterization of a wireless power transfer system consisting of two resonant air‐core coils mutually coupled in free space. The lumped‐circuit parameters of the equivalent circuit are determined with analytical formulas taken from the literature and validated by comparison with numerical simulations with a finite‐element computer code and with experiments. The parameters are determined taking as input only the geometry of the system (coil size and mutual distance, conductor radius, and turn distance) and the frequency. Once the lumped‐circuit parameters are known with good accuracy, the assessment of the power transfer system can be carried out by evaluating the current and voltage gains and efficiency for different system geometries, operating frequencies and load conditions. The Scilab programming environment was used to perform all the calculations. The characterization presented in this paper can then be considered as an effective tool in designing an efficient wireless power system. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.