bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life and Cosmesis after Breast Cancer: Whole Breast Radiotherapy vs Partial Breast High-dose-rate Brachytherapy
Authors: Perrucci Elisabetta , Lancellotta Valentina , Bini Vittorio , Falcinelli Lorenzo , Farneti Alessia , Margaritelli Manuela , Capezzali Giorgia , Palumbo Isabella , Aristei Cynthia 
Published: March 2015

Aim and Background Conservative surgery and radiotherapy for early breast cancer offers a better quality of life than mastectomy. As 80–85% of breast relapses develop close to the tumour bed, partial breast irradiation was developed to overcome drawbacks with standard radiotherapy. This study compares quality of life and cosmesis after partial breast multi-catheter high-dose rate interstitial brachytherapy or standard radiotherapy. Methods A questionnaire, exploring body image, fear of recurrence, satisfaction with treatment and cosmesis, was administered to 39 partial and 78 whole breast patients at a median of 20 and 80 months after radiotherapy. Patients' and physicians' cosmetic assessments were compared. Results Groups were well-matched, except for: a higher percentage of chemotherapy-treated patients in the whole breast group and a older median age and a higher percentage of infiltrating ductal carcinoma G1 in partial breast group. At first and second analysis no significant inter-group difference emerged on body image and fear of recurrence, while partial breast patients were more satisfied with cosmetic outcome and at first analysis with treatment. Comparing results from first and second analysis into each treatment group, body image was significantly better at the first analysis in both groups. Fear of recurrence was unchanged. No differences were found in cosmesis as assessed by patients. At first and second analyses physicians' assessment of cosmesis was significantly better in the partial breast group. Conclusions Even at longer follow-up, quality of life is similar after partial or whole breast irradiation. Cosmesis is better after partial breast irradiation.
Outcomes of Trimodality Approach in the Management of T2N0M0 Bladder Cancer
Authors: Uysal Bora , Beyzadeoglu Murat , Demiral Selcuk , Gamsiz Hakan , Dincoglan Ferrat , Sager Omer , Akin Mustafa , Babayigit Mustafa Alparslan 
Published: March 2015

Aims and Background The main objective of this study is to evaluate outcomes of bladder preservation treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Methods and Study Design 38 patients with histologically proven muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated at our department between January 2008 and December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Age, gender, pathology, stage, 3-year overall survival, 3-year disease-free survival, radiotherapy (RT) dose, genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity scores and response evaluation of the patients were recorded. 3-year overall survival and 3-year disease-free survivals were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method along with the analysis of gender, pathology, stage and therapy response of the study group. Results 33 patients (86.8%) were managed with concomitant chemoradiotherapy whereas 5 patients (13.2%) received only radiation therapy due to renal insufficency and comorbid diseases. 6 (15.8%) out of 38 patients had partial response (PR) and remaining 32 (84.2%) patients experienced complete response (CR). The PR group underwent salvage cystectomy and CR group had been followed-up after radical radiotherapy. Mean age of the group was 70.9 (range 45–90) years. 26 of all patients were male (68.4%) and 12 were female (31.6%). Mean follow-up time after completion of radiotherapy was 24.7 months (range 12–40). Mean RT dose was 64 Gy (range 60–66). 3-year overall survival was 64% and 3-year disease free survival was 73%. Conclusions Bladder preserving approach is an alternative definitive therapy solution to radical cystectomy in the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer with less morbidity, preserved natural bladder, and high quality of life.
Seismic tomography of compressional wave attenuation structure for Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Authors: Lin Guoqing , Shearer Peter M. , Amelung Falk , Okubo Paul G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe present a frequency‐independent three‐dimensional (3‐D) compressional wave attenuation model (indicated by the reciprocal of quality factor Qp) for Kı̄lauea Volcano in Hawai‘i. We apply the simul2000 tomographic algorithm to the attenuation operator t* values for the inversion of Qp perturbations through a recent 3‐D seismic velocity model and earthquake location catalog. The t* values are measured from amplitude spectra of 26708 P wave arrivals of 1036 events recorded by 61 seismic stations at the Hawaiian Volcanology Observatory. The 3‐D Qp model has a uniform horizontal grid spacing of 3 km, and the vertical node intervals range between 2 and 10 km down to 35 km depth. In general, the resolved Qp values increase with depth, and there is a correlation between seismic activity and low‐Qp values. The area beneath the summit caldera is dominated by low‐Qp anomalies throughout the entire resolved depth range. The Southwest Rift Zone and the East Rift Zone exhibit very high Qp values at about 9 km depth, whereas the shallow depths are characterized with low‐Qp anomalies comparable with those in the summit area. The seismic zones and fault systems generally display relatively high Qp values relative to the summit. The newly developed Qp model provides an important complement to the existing velocity models for exploring the magmatic system and evaluating and interpreting intrinsic physical properties of the rocks in the study area.
Interdecadal decrease of the Oyashio transport on the continental slope off the southeastern coast of Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Kuroda Hiroshi , Wagawa Taku , Shimizu Yugo , Ito Shin‐ichi , Kakehi Shigeho , Okunishi Takashi , Ohno Sosuke , Kusaka Akira 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe investigated the interdecadal trend of Oyashio velocity and transport during 1993–2011 based mainly on linear trend analysis of altimetry and in situ temperature‐salinity data from a monitoring line (“A‐line”) off the southeastern Hokkaido coast. Significant trends of increasing sea level were detected on the continental slope, north of the Kuril‐Kamchatka Trench. Sea level anomaly data revealed a localized clockwise circulation centered near the trench, the suggestion being that the strength of the Oyashio on the slope and the offshore return flow had decreased. The Oyashio mainstream seemed to have shifted from a nearshore to an offshore path. Steric heights estimated from the A‐line data exhibited an increasing trend north of the trench, where 50–80% of the increase was determined by halosteric components attributable to a trend of decreasing salinity in the subsurface. The trend of decreasing salinity was related to downward displacement of isohaline/isopycnal surfaces. The largest displacement was above the trench. Horizontal pressure gradients associated with southwestward flows on the slope were weakened. The Oyashio transport decreased by 8.9 Sv (106 m3 s−1) in 19 years. A mesoscale eddy analysis revealed that clockwise eddies appeared more frequently in recent years near the trench around the A‐line and could decrease the Oyashio transport. A baroclinic, long Rossby‐wave model also predicted that a large‐scale baroclinic response to the wind stress could weaken the Oyashio velocity in the upper layer. Dynamical linkage between the localized eddies and large‐scale response remains to be clarified in future work.
Time scales of response to antisymmetric surface fluxes in an aquaplanet GCM
Authors: Woelfle Matthew D. , Bretherton Christopher S. , Frierson Dargan M. W. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) shifts in response to hemispheric asymmetries in extratropical energy forcings. This study investigates the response time scale of this shift in an aquaplanet global climate model coupled to a slab ocean. A steady antisymmetric perturbation is abruptly added to the slab‐ocean heat flux convergence in midlatitudes. The time scale of the ITCZ shift scales linearly with the heat capacity of the combined ocean‐atmosphere system, and the shift is amplified by subtropical clear‐sky radiation and cloud radiative feedbacks.
Infrared Spectroscopy in Microbiology
Authors: Lasch Peter , Naumann Dieter 
Published: March 2015

AbstractInfrared (IR) spectra of intact microbial cells are highly specific, fingerprint‐like signatures that can be used to differentiate, identify, and classify diverse microbial species and strains. Microbial IR spectra are also useful to (i) detect in situ intracellular compounds or structures such as inclusion bodies, storage materials, and endospores; (ii) monitor and quantify metabolically released CO2in response to various different substrates; and (iii) characterize growth‐dependent phenomena and cell–drug interactions. The characteristic information, useful for microbial characterizations, is generally distributed over the entire IR region of the electromagnetic spectrum, i.e. over the near‐infrared (NIR), mid‐infrared (MIR), and far‐infrared (FIR). The spectral traits can be extracted from the typically broad and complex spectral contours applying resolution enhancement techniques, difference spectroscopy, and pattern recognition methods such as cluster analysis and artificial neural network (ANN) analyses. Additional applications arise by means of specifically designed microscopes coupled to IR spectrometers. IR spectra of microcolonies containing less than 103cells can be obtained from colony replica by a stamping technique that transfers microcolonies growing on culture plates to a special IR sample holder. Using modern IR imaging approaches together with mapping and video techniques, the fundamental tasks of microbiological analysis, namely detection and differentiation of microorganisms, can be perspectively integrated in one single apparatus.
Evidence for a Boat Conformation at the Transition State of GH76 α‐1,6‐Mannanases—Key Enzymes in Bacterial and Fungal Mannoprotein Metabolism
Authors: Thompson Andrew J. , Speciale Gaetano , Iglesias‐Fernández Javier , Hakki Zalihe , Belz Tyson , Cartmell Alan , Spears Richard J. , Chandler Emily , Temple Max J. , Stepper Judith , Gilbert Harry J. , Rovira Carme , Williams Spencer J. , Davies Gideon J. 
Published: March 2015

Abstractα‐Mannosidases and α‐mannanases have attracted attention for the insight they provide into nucleophilic substitution at the hindered anomeric center of α‐mannosides, and the potential of mannosidase inhibitors as cellular probes and therapeutic agents. We report the conformational itinerary of the family GH76 α‐mannanases studied through structural analysis of the Michaelis complex and synthesis and evaluation of novel aza/imino sugar inhibitors. A Michaelis complex in an OS2 conformation, coupled with distortion of an azasugar in an inhibitor complex to a high energy B2,5 conformation are rationalized through ab initio QM/MM metadynamics that show how the enzyme surface restricts the conformational landscape of the substrate, rendering the B2,5 conformation the most energetically stable on‐enzyme. We conclude that GH76 enzymes perform catalysis using an itinerary that passes through OS2 and B2,5≠ conformations, information that should inspire the development of new antifungal agents.
A Facile and Versatile Approach to Double N‐Heterohelicenes: Tandem Oxidative CN Couplings of N‐Heteroacenes via Cruciform Dimers
Authors: Sakamaki Daisuke , Kumano Daisuke , Yashima Eiji , Seki Shu 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNovel double N‐hetero[5]helicenes that are composed of two nitrogen‐substituted heteropentacenes are synthesized by tandem oxidative CN couplings via the cruciform heteropentacene dimers. The developed method is very facile and enables the synthesis of a double helicene in only two steps from commercially available naphthalene derivatives. These double N‐hetero[5]helicenes have larger torsion angles in the fjord regions than typical [5]helicenes, and optical/electrochemical measurements revealed a significant increase in the electronic communication between the two heteropentacene moieties of the double helicenes compared with their cruciform dimers. The optical resolution of one of the double helicenes was successfully carried out, and their stability towards racemization was remarkably higher than those of typical [5]helicenes. The synthetic strategy proposed in this paper should be versatile and widely applicable to the preparation of double helicenes from other N‐containing π‐conjugated planar molecules.
Pentagermapyramidane: Crystallizing the “Transition‐State” Structure
Authors: Lee Vladimir Ya. , Ito Yuki , Gapurenko Olga A. , Sekiguchi Akira , Minkin Vladimir I. , Minyaev Ruslan M. , Gornitzka Heinz 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe first example of the homonuclear pyramidanes, pentagermapyramidane, was synthesized, fully characterized, and computationally studied to reveal its peculiar structural features and the nature of its apex‐to‐base bonding interactions. Both solid‐state and solution structures of pentagermapyramidane are discussed based on the computed stabilities of its square‐pyramidal and distorted forms.
Effects of thermal radiation and chemical reactions on peristaltic flow of a Newtonian nanofluid under inclined magnetic field in a generalized vertical channel using homotopy perturbation method
Authors: Kothandapani M. , Prakash J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we study the influences of inclined magnetic field, heat source, thermal radiation, and chemical reactions on peristaltic flow of a Newtonian nanofluid in a vertical generalized (tapered asymmetric) channel. The flow is engendered because of an asymmetric sinusoidal wave on the non‐uniform channel walls. The Rosseland approximation is viewed in the modeling of the conduction radiation heat transfer, and temperatures of the walls are presumed constants. The governing equations are uttered in a non‐dimensional form, and the series solutions of coupled system of equations are constructed for temperature and nanoparticle concentration using a homotopy perturbation method. Analytical solutions have been developed for stream function and axial velocity. Numerical integrations have been applied to receive the graphical results for an average rise in pressure. The variations of various interesting dimensionless parameters are sketched and discussed. It is observed that the temperature profile increases with an increase of the non‐uniform parameter, while it decreases when the thermal radiation parameter is increased. © 2015 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Serious Infections Among Adult Medicaid Beneficiaries With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Feldman Candace H. , Hiraki Linda T. , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Marty Francisco M. , Franklin Jessica M. , Kim Seoyoung C. , Costenbader Karen H. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveTo examine the epidemiology of serious infections, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in a nationwide cohort of SLE and lupus nephritis (LN) patients.MethodsUsing the Medicaid Analytic eXtract database for the years 2000–2006, we identified patients ages 18–64 years who had SLE and the subset who had LN. We ascertained cases of serious hospitalized infections using validated algorithms, and we determined 30‐day mortality rates. Poisson regression was used to calculate infection incidence rates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for the first infection, adjusted for sociodemographic variables, medication use, and an SLE‐specific risk adjustment index.ResultsWe identified 33,565 patients with SLE, 7,113 of whom had LN. There were 9,078 serious infections in 5,078 SLE patients and 3,494 infections in 1,825 LN patients. The infection incidence rate per 100 person‐years was 10.8 in the SLE cohort and 23.9 in the LN subcohort. In adjusted models for the SLE cohort, we observed increased risks of infection in men as compared to women (HR 1.33 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.20–1.47]), in blacks as compared to whites (HR 1.14 [95% CI 1.06–1.21]), and in users of glucocorticoids (HR 1.51 [95% CI 1.43–1.61]) and immunosuppressive drugs (HR 1.11 [95% CI 1.03–1.20]) as compared to never users. Hydroxychloroquine users had a reduced risk of infection as compared to never users (HR 0.73 [95% CI 0.68–0.77]). The 30‐day mortality rate per 1,000 person‐years among those hospitalized with infections was 21.4 in the SLE cohort and 38.6 in the LN subcohort.ConclusionIn this diverse, nationwide cohort of SLE patients, we observed a substantial burden of serious infections with many subsequent deaths, particularly among those with LN.
Adapted GLM gamma parameter estimates for drop size distributions
Authors: Brawn Dan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis article outlines an alternative maximum likelihood gamma parameter estimator for grouped and truncated data. Such data might be produced by traditional disdrometer instruments for recording rain drop sizes. The method is an adaptation of a log‐linear generalized linear model (GLM), forming an iterative process which quickly converges to very near maximum likelihood estimates. Simulations with a Joss–Waldvogel bin regime show that the estimator has little bias. Application to observed data from two different types of disdrometers yields results practically equal to published maximum likelihood estimates.
Green Product Innovation: Where we are and Where we are Going
Authors: Dangelico Rosa Maria 
Published: March 2015

AbstractGreen product innovation (GPI) is becoming more and more relevant for policy makers, companies and society as a whole. As a result, over the last few years the number of studies on GPI development has increased substantially, thus prompting the need to analyse and synthesize the results of these studies. With this aim, this study reviews the body of knowledge on the topic. In particular, a systematic review of the literature is conducted, guided by three main research questions. Specifically, this paper identifies the antecedents, the outcomes and the success factors for GPI development. 63 studies are included in the review. Results show that many factors drive the development of GPI, both internal and external to the firm. Among internal factors, the most important are the prospect of competitive advantage, cost reduction, market benefits, improved reputation and opportunities for innovation. Among external factors, the most important are environmental regulations – current and/or expected – and market demand. In terms of outcomes, this study provides evidence that the most relevant ones are cost savings, achievement of competitive advantage, increased market share, increased sales, increased turnover, higher profits, better reputation, increased exports and higher productivity. Finally, this study highlights that many factors can influence the successful development of GPI, such as top management commitment, building networks of collaborations as well as enhancing knowledge flows, both within and outside the firm, cross‐functional integration and development of resources and capabilities. This study provides important implications for companies, policy makers and scholars. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Multidisciplinary neoadjuvant management for potentially curable pancreatic cancer
Authors: Desai Neelam V. , Sliesoraitis Sarunas , Hughes Steven J. , Trevino Jose G. , Zlotecki Robert A. , Ivey Alison M. , George Thomas J 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPancreatic adenocarcinoma remains the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality in the U.S. Despite advances in surgical technique, radiotherapy technologies, and chemotherapeutics, the 5‐year survival rate remains approximately 20% for the 15% of patients who are eligible for surgical resection. The majority of this group suffers metastatic recurrence. However, despite advances in therapies for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, only surgery has consistently proven to improve long‐term survival. Various combinations of chemotherapy, biologic‐targeted therapy, and radiotherapy have been evaluated in different settings to improve outcomes. In this context, a neoadjuvant (preoperative) treatment strategy offers numerous potential benefits: (1) ensuring delivery of early, systemic therapy, (2) improving selection of patients for surgical therapy with truly localized disease, (3) potential downstaging of the neoplasm facilitating a negative margin resection in patients with locally advanced disease, and (4) providing a superior clinical trial mechanism capable of rapid assessment of the efficacy of novel therapeutics. This article reviews the recent trends in the management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, with a particular emphasis on a multidisciplinary neoadjuvant approach to treatment.
The effects of affective and cognitive elaborations from Facebook posts on consumer attitude formation
Authors: Chen Kuan‐Ju , Kim Jooyoung , Lin Jhih‐Syuan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis research investigates the effects of affect and cognition in consumers' information processing of branded content on Facebook pages. A model was suggested to delve into the elaboration process leading to consumer attitude formation. A 2 (purchase‐decision involvement: low versus high) × 2 (product categories: hedonic versus utilitarian) × 2 (sources of Facebook posts: brand posts versus consumer posts) between‐subjects experiment was conducted online. The validated model demonstrates the main effects that affective elaboration significantly supersedes cognitive elaboration in forming attitudes toward the posts and attitudes toward the brand. Post hoc analyses show further evidence of the interaction effects that affective elaboration is the dominant influencer when consumers process brand‐related information in Facebook posts across situations. Theoretical implications for future research and managerial suggestions for social media marketing are discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A New DNA‐Intercalative Cytotoxic Allylic Xanthone from Swertia corymbosa
Authors: Uvarani Chokkalingam , Arumugasamy Karuppannan , Chandraprakash Kumarasamy , Sankaran Mathan , Ata Athar , Mohan Palathurai Subramaniam 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPhytochemical investigation of the CHCl3 fraction of Swertia corymbosa resulted in the isolation of a new 3‐allyl‐2,8‐dihydroxy‐1,6‐dimethoxy‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one (1), along with four known xanthones, gentiacaulein (3), norswertianin (4), 1,3,6,8‐tetrahydroxyxanthone (5), and 1,3‐dihydroxyxanthone (6). Structure of compound 1 was elucidated with the aid of IR, UV, NMR, and MS data, and chemical transformation via new allyloxy xanthone derivative (2). Compounds 1–6 exhibited various levels of antioxidant and anti‐α‐glucosidase activities. Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic studies on 1–6 indicated that these compounds could interact with calf thymus DNA (CT‐DNA) through intercalation and with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a static quenching process. Compound 1 was found to be significantly cytotoxic against human cancer cell lines HeLa, HCT116, and AGS, and weakly active against normal NIH 3T3 cell line.