bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Australian and New Zealand nursing and midwifery educators' planetary health knowledge, views, confidence and teaching practices: A descriptive survey study
Authors: Bonnamy James , Levett‐Jones Tracy , Carr Bethany , Lokmic‐Tomkins Zerina , Maguire Jane , Catling Christine , Pich Jacqueline , Fields Lorraine , Brand Gabrielle 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo explore Australian and New Zealand nursing and midwifery educators' planetary health knowledge, views, confidence and teaching practices.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design.MethodsAn online survey was sent to Australian and New Zealand nursing and midwifery educators across the 45 Schools of Nursing and Midwifery between July and September 2023. The online survey consisted of 29 open‐ and closed‐ended questions about nursing and midwifery educators' planetary health knowledge, views, confidence and teaching practices.ResultsThere was a total of 127 responses to the first open‐ended question. A total of 97 nursing and midwifery educators then completed the remaining questions. While educators had mostly positive views about integrating planetary health into their teaching, they lacked the knowledge and/or confidence to do so effectively.ConclusionAustralian and New Zealand nursing and midwifery educators acknowledge that planetary health should be included in nursing and midwifery curricula, but most reported a deficit in knowledge and/or confidence to integrate these complex concepts into their teaching. When considering planetary health, most educators focussed on climate change, which demonstrates their limited understanding of the concept of planetary health.Implications for the ProfessionAll nurses and midwives need to understand how the health of the planet and human civilization are interconnected and be prepared to address complex global health challenges now and in the future. Across the world, key healthcare organizations have called upon nursing and midwifery educators to prepare the healthcare workforce to practice in a more sustainable way, including supporting decarbonization of healthcare. However, our study has demonstrated that nursing and midwifery educators do not feel ready to respond due to a lack of required knowledge and/or confidence.Reporting MethodWe used the Consensus‐Based Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies (CROSS).Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Nudging (dis)trust in science: Exploring the interplay of social norms and scientific trust during public health crises
Authors: Borinca Islam , Griffin Siobhán M. , McMahon Grace , Maher Paul , Muldoon Orla T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn times of public health crisis, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic, there is a critical need for interventions that emphasize group unification. Such interventions may motivate individuals to adhere personally and collectively to health advice, enhance national solidarity, and reduce conspiratorial beliefs among members—particularly among those who may express skepticism or distrust towards science. Across three experimental studies (Ntotal = 1604) conducted online (Experiments 1 & 3) and in a real‐world setting (Experiment 2) in Ireland and Kosovo, we assessed participants' trust in science (i.e., the extent to which they trust in science and scientists) and exposed them to one of three conditions regarding COVID‐19 health advice: compliance (i.e., the majority of ingroup members comply with the health advice), non‐compliance (i.e., the majority of ingroup members do not comply with the health advice), or no advice (i.e., control condition with no health advice information). Overall, the results showed that participants with low (vs. high) trust in science intended to adhere to health advice, expected ingroup members to do the same, experienced greater national solidarity, and reduced their conspiracy beliefs in the compliance condition compared to noncompliance or control conditions. Participants' feelings of national solidarity explained the observed effects. In sum, this set of experimental studies shows that compliance with health advice during a health crisis not only enhances national solidarity but also promotes adherence to health behaviors and reduces conspiracy beliefs, especially among those initially skeptical of science.
Power Through Pressure: How Interconnection Became Part of the EU's Overarching Climate and Energy Policy
Authors: Ydersbond Inga Margrete 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInterconnection is important to attain several important EU climate and energy targets. Drawing on data from 56 stakeholder interviews, stakeholder event participation and document studies, this study enquires as to why electricity interconnection became a part of the EU's overarching climate and energy policy in 2014. The theoretical approaches liberal intergovernmentalism (LI) and the advocacy coalition framework (ACF) are tested complementarily. LI received support: member states, particularly Portugal and Spain, were essential for the outcome. These successfully played the veto card in the high‐level negotiations for the 2030 Climate and Energy Policy Framework, leading to the first inclusion of concrete interconnection targets in it and interconnection becoming a European Commission priority. ACF received partial support: a ‘green’ long‐term, multi‐level advocacy coalition consisting of the renewables industry, environmental organisations and others promoted a binding target for electricity interconnection. This ‘green’ advocacy coalition was instrumental in aiding Portugal and Spain.
Editorial Perspective: Healthy body—Healthy mind? Does exercise benefit people with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
Authors: Hsieh Shu‐Shih 
Published: July 2024

Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) stands out as one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders, significantly affecting daily functioning. However, finding a sustainable treatment strategy for ADHD remains a challenge. In this context, exercise emerges as a highly accessible behavioural intervention with lasting effects on ADHD. Historically, exercise has proven effective in inducing functional and structural adaptations in the brains of neurotypical populations, leading to improved cognition. Scientists working with individuals with ADHD have adapted approaches from research on neurotypical populations to understand the effects of exercise on reducing ADHD‐related symptoms. To advance this research area further and enhance the therapeutic potential of exercise for managing ADHD symptoms, this editorial perspective offers the following recommendations:

More research is required to better understand the neural markers of exercise interventions for ADHD and the inter‐relation between changes in ADHD‐related neural mechanisms and alterations in behavioural and cognitive symptomatology.
Researchers should consider user perspectives and incorporate social support activities when developing exercise programmes for ADHD and
Researchers should evaluate exercise as a stand‐alone treatment approach using high‐quality and well‐designed clinical trials.
Assessing the transparency in reporting of clinical trials investigating manual therapy interventions for low back pain: A methodological review
Authors: Junkin Jennifer C. , Vraa Derek , Young Jodi L. , Rhon Daniel I. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRationaleLow back pain (LBP) is a common condition with a significant societal burden. Manual therapy is an effective treatment for LBP and recommended in clinical practice guidelines. While the quantity of literature supporting the use of manual therapy is large, the methodological quality and transparency of this collective work are unclear.Aims and ObjectivesExplore the transparency in reporting of clinical trials assessing manual therapy interventions in patients with LBP by comparing planned components in the trial registration with what was reported in the published manuscript.MethodsThree databases were searched to identify trials assessing the treatment effect of manual therapy for LBP from January 2005 to May 2023. Studies were included if the manual therapy consisted of thrust manipulations, mobilizations or muscle energy techniques.ResultsFrom 4462 studies initially identified, 167 studies remained in the final review after title, abstract and full‐text review. Only 87 (52.1%) of the 167 studies were registered (n = 57 prospectively and n = 30 retrospectively). Primary outcomes in the publications were identical to the registration in 54 (62.1%) of the registered trials. Secondary outcomes in the publication were identical to the registration in 27 (31.0%) of the registered trials. The CONSORT reporting guideline was referenced in only 19 (21.8%) trials. Multiple discrepancies between registration and publication were noted for primary and secondary outcomes. All trials had eligibility criteria in the registration that matched their corresponding manuscript, while only four (4.6%) trial registrations addressed any type of statistical analysis plan.ConclusionApproximately half of the trials were not registered. Of those registered, only half were registered prospectively. Substantial discrepancies existed between registered and published outcomes that were never addressed by the authors, raising questions about potential bias. Transparency can be improved through more stringent requirements during manuscript submission to journals, and better reporting of the rationale for discrepancies between registration and publication.
New insights into Microsporidia polar tube function and invasion mechanism
Authors: Fayet Maurine , Long Mengxian , Han Bing , Belkorchia Abdel , Delbac Frédéric , Polonais Valerie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicrosporidia comprise a large phylum of single‐cell and obligate intracellular parasites that can infect a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate hosts including humans. These fungal‐related parasites are characterized by a highly reduced genome, a strong energy dependence on their host, but also by their unique invasion organelle known as the polar tube which is coiled within the resistant spore. Upon appropriate environmental stimulation, the long hollow polar tube (ranging from 50 to 500 μm in length) is extruded at ultra‐fast speeds (300 μm/s) from the spore acting as a harpoon‐like organelle to transport and deliver the infectious material or sporoplasm into the host cell. To date, seven polar tube proteins (PTPs) with distinct localizations along the extruded polar tube have been described. For example, the specific location of PTP4 and PTP7 at the tip of the polar tube supports their role in interacting with cellular receptor(s). This chapter provides a brief overview on the current understanding of polar tube structure and dynamics of extrusion, primarily through recent advancements in cryo‐tomography and 3D reconstruction. It also explores the various mechanisms used for host cell invasion. Finally, recent studies on the structure and maturation of sporoplasm and its moving through the tube are discussed.
Measuring due process and fairness in the child welfare court system
Authors: Richards Tammy , Fromknecht Anne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUpholding the fundamental rights of families during child welfare court cases is critical to ensuring equal access to justice. This article review research related to the due process measures in the Judicial, Court, and Attorney Measures of Performance (JCAMP). Studies of due process practices early in the case to avoid unnecessary involvement of families are presented. These represent divergent opinions on the role of the judge and arguments for the early appointment of parent attorneys. Future research is critical to understand practices which promote fairness and address the over‐representation of families of color in the child welfare system.
An integrated life cycle emergy analysis for environmental–economic sustainability assessment
Authors: Theng Mary Lina , Tan Lian See , Liew Peng Yen , Tan Jully 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmergy analysis (EmA) is the quantitative sustainability method that analyses materials, energy resources, goods, or services under a common unit of solar emergy (seJ). Meanwhile, life cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the popular tools to evaluate environmental impacts. Both methods have been widely used in various applications, hence, the idea of co‐jointing these two methods has been increasing to optimize the assessment's inclusivity. However, the existing integrated LCA–EmA methods are applied segmentally with minimal data integration, which has limited the potential of co‐benefits in sustainability accounting. This research proposes a more comprehensive integration between LCA and EmA, known as life cycle emergy analysis (LCEmA). The process data is fully integrated, and the detailed methodological approach is presented to demonstrate the assessment process. Diaper manufacturing is selected as a case study to validate the functionality of the proposed LCEmA approach. The inclusion of foreground and background data offered in LCEmA approach considers backend processes such as electricity generation for manufacturing activities. This has shifted the sustainability hotspot from raw material extraction to the manufacturing process. This research demonstrates that the LCEmA approach can perform comprehensive analysis as a promising alternative to the existing integrated LCA–EmA methods.
Understanding key mineral supply chain dynamics using economics‐informed material flow analysis and Bayesian optimization
Authors: Ryter John , Bhuwalka Karan , O'Rourke Michelena , Montanelli Luca , Cohen‐Tanugi David , Roth Richard , Olivetti Elsa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe low‐carbon energy transition requires significant increases in production for many mineral commodities. Understanding demand, technological requirements, and prices associated with this production increase requires understanding the supply chain dynamics of many minerals simultaneously, and via a consistent framework. A generalized economics‐informed material flow method, global materials modeling using Bayesian optimization, captures the market dynamics of key mineral commodities. The method relies only on a limited set of widely available historical data as input, enabling quantification of economic relationships (elasticities) for supply chain components where data are sparse, and relationships cannot be obtained via traditional statistical approaches. Building upon established material flow analysis (MFA) and economic modeling techniques, Bayesian optimization was applied to fit an economics‐informed MFA model to global historical demand, supply, and price for aluminum, copper, gold, lead, nickel, silver, iron, tin, and zinc. This approach enables estimates for the evolution of ore grades, mine costs, refining charges, sector‐specific demand, and scrap collection for each commodity. Economic relationships were quantified and compared with a database compiled from the literature, including 1333 values from 213 analyses across 65 publications. Discrepancies in methods and limited coverage make use of these parameters in modeling efforts difficult. This work provides a single, homogeneous, probabilistic approach to identifying economic relationships across mineral supply chains, with uncertainty quantification, a literature database for comparison, and a modeling framework in which to use them. This article met the requirements for a Gold‐Gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.
Linking hypothetical extraction, the accumulation of production factors, and the addition of value
Authors: Hertwich Edgar G. , Koslowski Maximilian , Rasul Kajwan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn industrial ecology, approaches have been developed to analyze the contribution of specific sectors to environmental impacts within supply chains. In economics, a range of methods addresses the forward linkage (use of output) and backward linkage (dependency on inputs) of sectors, and the analysis of key sectors. This article offers a formal investigation of the relationship between these. It shows that both the analysis of supply chain impacts and of intersectoral linkages can be seen as special cases of a more general hypothetical extraction method (HEM). In HEM, sectors' role is assessed as the effect of their removal on the input–output model's solution. HEM also allows for the (partial) extraction of individual transactions. HEM thus offers a flexible approach to assessing the contribution of one or several sectors, or transactions, or parts thereof, to value added or footprint of any final demand. It can be applied to study the environmental footprints of companies or intermediate products, the contribution of certain inputs to sectors, or the potential impact of disruptions of supply chains on producers and consumers. In this article, the price model for HEM is introduced to identify the contribution of the extracted (target) sectors to the price or unit footprint of a commodity.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 is caused by a GGC expansion in the ZFHX3 gene and is associated with prominent dysautonomia and motor neuron signs
Authors: Paucar Martin , Nilsson Daniel , Engvall Martin , Laffita‐Mesa José , Söderhäll Cilla , Skorpil Mikael , Halldin Christer , Fazio Patrik , Lagerstedt‐Robinson Kristina , Solders Göran , Angeria Maria , Varrone Andrea , Risling Mårten , Jiao Hong , Nennesmo Inger , Wedell Anna , Svenningsson Per 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSpinocerebellar ataxia 4 (SCA4), characterized in 1996, features adult‐onset ataxia, polyneuropathy, and linkage to chromosome 16q22.1; its underlying mutation has remained elusive.ObjectiveTo explore the radiological and neuropathological abnormalities in the entire neuroaxis in SCA4 and search for its mutation.MethodsThree Swedish families with undiagnosed ataxia went through clinical, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging tests, including PET studies and genetic investigations. In four cases, neuropathological assessments of the neuroaxis were performed. Genetic testing included short read whole genome sequencing, short tandem repeat analysis with ExpansionHunter de novo, and long read sequencing.ResultsNovel features for SCA4 include dysautonomia, motor neuron affection, and abnormal eye movements. We found evidence of anticipation; neuroimaging demonstrated atrophy in the cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord. [18F]FDG‐PET demonstrated brain hypometabolism and [11C]Flumazenil‐PET reduced binding in several brain lobes, insula, thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. Moderate to severe loss of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum and of motor neurons in the anterior horns of the spinal cord along with pronounced degeneration of posterior tracts was also found. Intranuclear, mainly neuronal, inclusions positive for p62 and ubiquitin were sparse but widespread in the CNS. This finding prompted assessment for nucleotide expansions. A polyglycine stretch encoding GGC expansions in the last exon of the zink finger homeobox 3 gene was identified segregating with disease and not found in 1000 controls.ConclusionsSCA4 is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a novel GGC expansion in the coding region of ZFHX3, and its spectrum is expanded to include dysautonomia and neuromuscular manifestations.
Bacillus‐based product protects soybean, improves grain yield and produces metabolites able to promote plant growth and antagonize pathogenic fungi
Authors: dos Santos Fabio Mulinari , de Souza Viera Laura , Camargo Darcila Pereira , Queiroz dos Santos Dhylan K. , Brião Muniz Marlove F. , Dressler da Costa Ivan F. , Pereira Santos Jansen R. , Pereira da Silva Julio C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSoybean is frequently affected by pathogenic fungi, which are usually managed by chemicals. Foliar sprays with biological agents have been introduced as new allies to reduce plant diseases. This study verified foliar sprays of Bacillus subtilis‐based product applied for three consecutive cropping seasons associated or not with chemical fungicides to control Asian rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) and the effect of B. subtilis‐produced metabolites against pathogenic fungi and on soybean growth. Field treatments were as follows: (i) Foliar application of B. subtilis‐based product, followed by chemical sprays; (ii) chemical management alone; (iii) B. subtilis‐based product alone, and (iv) control treatment with water sprays. In the three years, B. subtilis‐based product alone or followed by chemicals reduced at least 75% the Asian rust severity, similar to chemical management. Moreover, soybean grain yield increased when B. subtilis‐based product was followed by chemicals. Cell‐free filtrates and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from B. subtilis isolate or from the formulated bioproduct were tested against fungi pathogens Fusarium cf. incarnatum/equiseti and Macrophomina phaseolina. All filtrates and VOCs emission reduced more than 40% the mycelial growth of both fungi. Also, the filtrates stimulated the soybean growth at a rate similar to the bioproduct, indicating the potential of the B. subtilis compounds to control fungi pathogens and promote plant growth. Therefore, the B. subtilis‐based product showed a satisfactory protection and yield increment for soybean and B. subtilis‐produced metabolites antagonized pathogenic fungi and stimulated the soybean plant growth.
Optimizing green splits in high‐dimensional traffic signal control with trust region Bayesian optimization
Authors: Gong Yunhai , Zhong Shaopeng , Zhao Shengchuan , Xiao Feng , Wang Wenwen , Jiang Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCentralized traffic signal control has long been a challenging, high‐dimensional optimization problem. This study establishes a simulation‐based optimization framework and develops a novel optimization algorithm based on trust region Bayesian optimization (TuRBO), which can efficiently obtain an approximate optimal solution to the high‐dimensional traffic signal control problem. Local Gaussian process (GP), trust region, and Thompson sampling are employed in the TuRBO and contribute considerably to performance in terms of computational speed, solution quality, and scalability. Empirical studies are carried out using data from Mudanjiang and Chengdu, China. The performance of TuRBO is compared with that of Bayesian optimization (BO), genetic algorithm and random sampling. The results show that TuRBO converges the fastest because of its ability to balance exploration and exploitation through the trust region and Thompson sampling. Meanwhile, because TuRBO enables more efficient exploitation through the local GP, the solution quality of TuRBO outperforms others significantly. The average waiting time achieved by TuRBO was 2.84% lower than that achieved by BO. Finally, the method has been successfully extended to a large network with 233‐dimensional spaces and 122 signalized intersections, demonstrating that the developed methodology can deal with high‐dimensional traffic signal control effectively for real case applications.