bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Motorcycle Management and Health Care Delivery: A Field Trial
Authors: Mehta Kala M. , Rerolle Francois , Rammohan Sonali V. , Albohm Davis C. , Muwowo George , Moseson Heidi , Sept Lesley , Lee Hau L. , Bendavid Eran 
Published: November 2015

Objectives. We investigated whether managed transportation improves outreach-based health service delivery to rural village populations. Methods. We examined systematic transportation management in a small-cluster interrupted time series field trial. In 8 districts in Southern Zambia, we followed health workers at 116 health facilities from September 2011 to March 2014. The primary outcome was the average number of outreach trips per health worker per week. Secondary outcomes were health worker productivity, motorcycle performance, and geographical coverage. Results. Systematic fleet management resulted in an increase of 0.9 (SD = 1.0) trips to rural villages per health worker per week (P < .001), village-level health worker productivity by 20.5 (SD = 5.9) patient visits, 10.2 (SD = 1.5) measles immunizations, and 5.2 (SD = 5.4) child growth assessments per health worker per week. Motorcycle uptime increased by 3.5 days per week (P < .001), use by 1.5 days per week (P < .001), and mean distance by 9.3 kilometers per trip (P < .001). Geographical coverage of health outreach increased in experimental (P < .001) but not control districts. Conclusions. Systematic motorcycle management improves basic health care delivery to rural villages in resource-poor environments through increased health worker productivity and greater geographical coverage.
Chinese Immigrant Religious Institutions’ Variability in Views on Preventing Sexual Transmission of HIV
Authors: Chin John J. , Neilands Torsten B. 
Published: November 2015

Objectives. We examined Chinese immigrant religious institutions’ views on teaching about preventing sexual transmission of HIV and the consistency of their views with public health best practices in HIV prevention. Methods. We used 2009 to 2011 survey data from 712 members of 20 New York City–based Chinese immigrant religious institutions to analyze their views on (1) teaching adolescents about condoms, (2) discussing homosexuality nonjudgmentally, and (3) promoting abstinence until marriage. Results. Religion type was a significant predictor of views in the 3 domains, with Evangelical Protestants in least agreement with public health best practices, Buddhists in most agreement, and mainline Protestants between them. Greater HIV knowledge was significantly associated with agreement with best practices in all 3 domains. The frequency of prayer, meditation, or chanting and the level of acculturation were significant predictors of views on teaching adolescents about condoms and promoting abstinence until marriage. Conclusions. The best practice messages about HIV prevention that Chinese immigrant religious institutions find acceptable vary according to religion type and several other key factors, including HIV knowledge; frequency of prayer, meditation, or chanting; and level of acculturation.
Access to Care and Chronic Disease Outcomes Among Medicaid-Insured Persons Versus the Uninsured
Authors: Christopher Andrea S. , McCormick Danny , Woolhandler Steffie , Himmelstein David U. , Bor David H. , Wilper Andrew P. 
Published: November 2015

Objectives. We sought to determine the association between Medicaid coverage and the receipt of appropriate clinical care. Methods. Using the 1999 to 2012 National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys, we identified adults aged 18 to 64 years with incomes below the federal poverty level, and compared outpatient visit frequency, awareness, and control of chronic diseases between the uninsured (n = 2975) and those who had Medicaid (n = 1485). Results. Respondents with Medicaid were more likely than the uninsured to have at least 1 outpatient physician visit annually, after we controlled for patient characteristics (odds ratio [OR] = 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.8, 6.6). Among poor persons with evidence of hypertension, Medicaid coverage was associated with greater awareness (OR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.26, 2.66) and control (OR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.32, 2.27) of their condition. Medicaid coverage was also associated with awareness of being overweight (OR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.67), but not with awareness or control of diabetes or hypercholesterolemia. Conclusions. Among poor adults nationally, Medicaid coverage appears to facilitate outpatient physician care and to improve blood pressure control.
Delayed Erosion of a Pelvic Reconstruction Plate into the Bladder Causing Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Babu Jacob , Shah Kalpit N. , Mansuripur P. Kaveh , Hayda Roman 
Published: November 2015

Case:
A forty-seven-year-old woman presented with recurrent urinary tract infections eleven years after open fixation of a pelvic ring injury. Cystoscopy revealed that the pelvic reconstruction plate had eroded into the bladder, likely the source of the recurrent infections. Following removal of the involved pelvic hardware and repair of the bladder, the patient had no further urinary tract infections.

Conclusion:
Operative fixation of osseous pelvic injuries places metal implants in proximity to the bladder. Late erosion of hardware into the bladder can occur. A low threshold for urological work-up should be maintained for recurrent genitourinary symptoms in these patients.
Anterior Percutaneous Hemiepiphysiodesis of the Distal Aspect of the Femur: A New Technique
Authors: Kay Robert M. , Rethlefsen Susan A. 
Published: November 2015

Case:
Anterior distal femoral hemiepiphysiodesis for knee flexion deformity in children is typically done using staples or plate-and-screw constructs. Staple migration and postoperative knee pain are common complications associated with these procedures. The authors describe a new technique of percutaneous epiphysiodesis using transphyseal screws (PETS) for anterior hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal aspect of the femur that was used to treat recurrent knee flexion deformity in a child with cerebral palsy who had recurrent crouch gait after hamstring lengthening.

Conclusion:
The technique has the advantage of being less expensive than plate-and-screw constructs, and it has the potential for causing less postoperative knee pain.
Tax Avoidance and Tunneling: Empirical Analysis from an Agency Perspective
Authors: Chan K. Hung , Mo Phyllis Lai Lan , Tang Tanya 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Taking advantage of the agency conflicts between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders and the weak corporate governance in a transition economy, we investigate the relationship between tax avoidance (proxied by effective tax rates) and tunneling (proxied by related-party lending) from a principal-principal agency perspective. We find that corporate tax avoidance is positively associated with tunneling after controlling for firm characteristics, corporate governance, and institutional factors that affect tunneling. This relationship is more pronounced for firms with cash shortages and in periods with relatively weak investor protection. In addition, the value-enhancing implications of tax avoidance are reduced for firms in which tax avoidance is highly correlated with tunneling. By demonstrating the existence of tunneling-related tax avoidance and its economic consequences, this study sheds light on the emerging agency perspective on tax avoidance.
JEL Classifications: G18; H20; M41.
National Culture and Corporate Governance
Authors: Duong Hong K. , Kang Helen , Salter Stephen B. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
This paper examines the influence of national culture on corporate governance. We postulate that national culture can shape the contracting environments by serving as an informal constraint that affects incentives and choices in corporate governance. We hypothesize that national culture can explain cross-country variations in corporate governance after controlling for legal, political, financial, and economic institutions. We develop a Rule Preference Index as a proxy of national culture for a sample of 12,909 firm-year observations from 41 countries. Employing a hierarchical linear modeling approach to isolate the effects of firm-level and country-level variables, we find robust evidence that firms (and countries) with a higher Rule Preference Index tend to have better corporate governance.
Telltale signs of peripheral neurogenic tumors on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Kakkar Chandan , Shetty Chandrakant M , Koteshwara Prakashini , Bajpai Surabhi 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Peripheral nerve sheath tumors are categorized into benign and malignant forms, comprising of neurofibroma and schwannoma in the benign category and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in the malignant category. Magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis of these lesions. The various imaging features and signs that help to identify and characterize a nerve sheath tumor are, distribution of the tumor along a major nerve, an entering or exiting nerve sign, target sign, a fascicular sign and a split-fat sign.
Pediatric whole-body magnetic resonance imaging: Intra-individual comparison of technical quality, artifacts, and fixed structure visibility at 1.5 and 3 T
Authors: Mohan Shyam , Moineddin Rahim , Chavhan Govind B 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Purpose: To compare whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) performed at 1.5 and 3 T for technical quality, artifacts, and visibility of selected fixed structures. Patients and Methods: 21 children who had WBMRI at both 1.5 and 3 T scanners within a relatively short interval (3-13 months; average-8.6 months) were included. The images were objectively compared with scores from 4 to 1 for five parameters including severity of artifacts; visibility of liver, vertebral column, and marrow in legs; and overall image quality. Inter-observer agreement was calculated using Kendall's coefficient of Concordance (W) and scores were compared using Signed Rank test. Results: There was substantial inter-observer agreement for all five categories at both field strengths. The difference between averages of mean scores of all five parameters for two field strengths was statistically significant (P < 0.05), indicating less artifact, better fixed structure visibility, and overall image quality at 1.5 T as compared to 3 T. However, scores at 3 T were also rated within a good range (around 3) indicating its feasibility for WBMRI in children. Conclusion: WBMRI at 1.5 T has significantly better image quality, fixed structure visibility, and fewer artifacts, as compared to WBMRI at 3 T in children. This difference is unlikely to significantly affect detection of pathology on 3 T WBMRI as the image quality score at 3 T was also within good range.
Integrated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI), a multimodality approach for comprehensive evaluation of dementia patients: A pictorial essay
Authors: Jena Amarnath , Renjen Pushpendra Nath , Taneja Sangeeta , Gambhir Aashish , Negi Pradeep 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Dementia, caused by irreversible neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease or reversible non-degenerative conditions, is rapidly becoming one of the most alarming health problems in our aging society. This cognitive disorder associated with a multitude of clinical differentials with overlapping clinical, pathological, and imaging features is difficult to diagnose and treat, as it often presents late after significant neuronal damage has already occurred. Novel disease-modifying treatments being developed will have to be corroborated with innovative imaging biomarkers so that earlier reliable diagnosis can be made and treatment initiated upon. Along with new specific PET radiotracers, integrated PET/MRI with combined methodological advantage and simultaneously acquired structural-cum-functional information may help achieve this goal. The present pictorial essay details our experiences with PET/MRI in dementing disorders, along with reviewing recent advances and future scope.
Primary spinal primitive neuroectodermal tumor on MR imaging
Authors: Thoriya Prashant J , Watal Pankaj , Bahri Nandini U , Rathod Ketan 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Neoplasms in the region of filum terminale are not uncommon. Myxopapillary ependymoma is the commonest tumor at this location. The differentials reported for this entity are nerve sheath tumor, meningioma, paraganglioma, intradural metastases, lymphoma, other varieties of ependymoma, subependymoma, astrocytoma, ganglioglioma, hemangioblastoma, and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). PNET may very rarely present as an intradural thoracolumbar mass. We present pre- and post-therapy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of a patient with proven primary spinal primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PSPNET) of peripheral subtype.
Imaging and interventions in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: A pictorial essay
Authors: Sivasankar Rajeev , Pant Rochan , Indrajit Inna K , Negi Raj S , Sahu Samresh , Hashim PI , D'Souza John 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Intracranial hypertension is a syndrome of elevated intracranial pressure that can be primary or secondary. The primary form, now termed idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), was in the past a disease of exclusion and imaging played a limited role of excluding organic causes of raised intracranial pressure. However imaging markers have been described with patients with IIH at the orbit, sella and cerebral venous system. We wish to reiterate the characteristic imaging features of this poorly understood disease and also emphasise that stenting of the transverse sinus in select cases of IIH is an efficacious option.
Imported Inputs and Egyptian Exports: Exploring the Links
Authors: Parra María Dolores , Martínez-Zarzoso Inmaculada 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This paper is the first to explore the links between exporting and importing activities of Egyptian firms using panel data over the period from 2003 to 2007. The main aim is twofold. Firstly, the authors report regression results indicating that firms that both export and import are the most productive, followed by importing-, exporting-only firms and non-traders. Secondly, they estimate the determinants of the extensive and intensive margins of exports and imports using dynamic panel-Probit and panel-Tobit models in combination with the method proposed by Rabe-Hesketh and Skrondal (Avoiding biased versions of Wooldridge’s simple solution to the initial conditions problem, 2013) to tackle the initial conditions problem. The results show that both activities present a high degree of hysteresis, which is higher for imports than for exports pointing to the existence of sunk costs in both activities. Moreover, past productivity does affect the extensive margin of imports, but not of exports and the initial condition status is also only relevant for the import side. Similar outcomes are obtained for the intensive margin of trade.
Interpreting Socialism and Capitalism in China:
Authors: Boer Roland , Li Zhixiong 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
We argue that the dialectic of utopia and dystopia enables an alternative, albeit controversial, way for framing debate over the tensions between socialism and capitalism in China. In doing so, we acknowledge but differ from alternative explanations: Socialism in China has simply become an empty veneer over rampant and unbridled capitalism; capitalism in China is of such a different variety that it is hardly capitalism at all; “socialism with Chinese characteristics” is a prolonged experiment in the New Economic Program. Theoretically, we draw upon Anatoly Lunacharsky, Ernst Bloch, and Fredric Jameson. A significant factor for understanding this dialectic is Bloch's idea of the synchronicity of nonsynchronicity. The next step analyzes the permutations of this dialectic in the Chinese situation of the tension between socialism and capitalism. We propose three formulations: the need for economic and political strength in the face of international forces, the use of capitalism to build socialism, and the fostering of the productive forces of capitalism to provide the basis for the full realization of communism. How these variations manifest the dialectic of utopia and dystopia is the burden of our final section, where we seek to move past simplistic oppositions.
"The Greatest Anti-War Poem Imaginable": Granville Barker’s Trojan Women in America
Authors: Slater Niall W. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Harley Granville Barker brought Gilbert Murray’s Euripides to America in spectacular outdoor productions in 1915. Paired with his markedly avantgarde Iphigenia in Tauris, the apparently safer and more "classical" Trojan Women was by no means uncontroversial in the officially neutral United States. A coordinated study of Barker’s staging and the marketing of Trojan Women shows the importance of this production in contemporary and subsequent reception and interpretation of this play. Earlier qualms about its structure and static nature are pushed aside by a new view of Trojan Women as the pre-eminent anti-war play of antiquity, a view still dominant today.
"Oedipus ... The Structure of Funny": Allusions to Greek Tragedy in Contemporary Cinema
Authors: Solomon Jon 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Although several high-profile European auteurs have created film adaptations of Sophoclean and Euripidean dramas, Greek tragedy as a genre is hardly a mainstay of contemporary cinema. Nonetheless, Francis Ford Coppola designed a tragic end for his Godfather trilogy, and some films that are set in the modern world incorporate ancient tragic themes. Examples are given of these and other films that focus on widely recognized tragic characters, like Oedipus and Medea, make specific verbal allusions to other Greek tragic protagonists or motifs, incorporate major components of tragedy, and attempt to define tragedy itself, most notably in Woody Allen’s Crimes and Misdemeanors.
The Pore Scale Description of Carbon Dioxide Storage into High Asphaltene Content Reservoirs
Authors: Coelho Raphael , Hascakir Berna 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The knowledge of how CO2 interacts with reservoir fluids and rock is essential for effective and reliable CO2 storage. This work investigates CO2 storage in unconventional oil reservoirs with high asphaltene content and explains the CO2 storage mechanism in pore-scale. Considering that asphaltenes are insoluble in CO2, asphaltene precipitation is induced during CO2 injection, controlling CO2 solubility and capillary trapping mechanisms. In this study, CO2-oil interaction is examined through core flooding experiments in a high asphaltene content (34.3 wt%) Canadian bitumen sample with 8.8º API. To study how irreversible clay-asphaltene interaction affects CO2 capillary trapping, the reservoir rock is prepared with and without clay addition. The role of CO2 injection rate on solubility trapping with experiments at varying injection flow rates. Displaced fluids and postmortem samples are subjected to several analyses to observe the CO2 storage mechanisms in pore scale due to CO2-asphaltene and CO2-clay-asphaltene interactions. It was found that CO2-clay-asphaltene interaction may favor CO2 capillary trapping into high asphaltene content reservoirs. Reservoir clays play important roles in porosity and permeability reduction due to clay interactions with asphaltenes. The low CO2 flow rate was found to favor solubility trapping. Therefore, our results suggest that the presence of clays and the CO2 injection rate are critical parameters controlling the effectiveness of CO2 storage in high asphaltene content reservoirs.

Introduction
Underground carbon dioxide (CO2) storage projects usually target the depleted light oil and natural gas fields due to operational expertise, favorable geological features, and existence of infrastructure [1; 2]. However, as CO2 emissions are projected to increase in the next 35 years [3], other storage alternatives are required to mitigate environmental impacts. In this context, CO2 storage in unconventional oil reservoirs with low API gravity may be an attractive candidate on the short to medium term [4; 5].
These low API gravity oils usually have high asphaltene content, which can represent up to 45.3 wt% of the crude oil [6]. CO2 injection can cause asphaltenes precipitate in the pore space as CO2 is insoluble in asphaltenes [7; 8]. Therefore, the effectiveness of CO2 microscopic storage mechanisms will be affected, particularly for capillary (or residual) and solubility trapping.
Se désaffilier pour mieux s’affilier ? Complexité du cheminement d’anciens membres de gang de rue d’origine haïtienne
Authors: Lacroix1 Olivier , Gilbert Sophie 
Published: November 2015

La désaffiliation vis-à-vis des gangs de rue correspond à un cheminement complexe, long et sinueux. Les processus psychiques impliqués sont présentés dans cet article à travers les résultats d’une recherche qualitative d’orientation psychodynamique. Trois anciens membres de gang d’origine haïtienne ont été recrutés et ont participé à des récits de vie. L’analyse des entrevues a été élaborée à l’aide de catégories conceptualisantes. Intégrés dans une métaphore globale, nos résultats permettent de discuter trois dimensions principales et interreliées du processus de sortie : l’investissement des rencontres, l’évolution du récit et les étapes psychiques du passage par les gangs de rue. Ces résultats soutiennent des pistes d’intervention novatrices auprès de cette population.
Do intertidal flats ever reach equilibrium?
Authors: Maan D. C. , van Prooijen B. C. , Wang Z. B. , De Vriend H. J. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract Various studies have identified a strong relation between the hydrodynamic forces and the equilibrium profile for intertidal flats. A thorough understanding of the interplay between the hydrodynamic forces and the morphology, however, concerns more than the equilibrium state alone. We study the basic processes and feedback mechanisms underlying the long‐term behavior of the intertidal system, restricting ourselves to unvegetated intertidal flats that are controlled by cross‐shore tidal currents and wind waves and applying a 1‐D cross‐shore morphodynamic model. The results indicate that by an adjustment of the profile slope and shape, an initial imbalance between deposition and erosion is minimized within a few decades. What follows is a state of long‐term seaward progradation or landward retreat of the intertidal flat, in which the cross‐shore profile shape is largely maintained and the imbalance between deposition and erosion is not further reduced. These long‐term trends can be explained by positive feedbacks from the morphology onto the hydrodynamic forces over the flat: initial accretion (erosion) decreases (increases) the shear stresses over the flat, which induces further accretion (erosion). This implies that a static equilibrium state cannot exist; the flat either builds out or retreats. The modeled behavior is in accordance with observations in the Yangtze Estuary. To treat these unbalanced systems with a one‐dimensional numerical model, we propose a moving (Lagrangian) framework in which a stable cross‐sectional shape and progradation speed can be derived for growing tidal flats, as a function of the wave climate and the sediment concentration in deeper water.