bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust controller design for infinite‐dimensional exosystems
Authors: Paunonen L. , Pohjolainen S. 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, we consider robust output regulation of distributed parameter systems with infinite‐dimensional exosystems capable of generating polynomially growing signals. We design an observer‐based error feedback controller solving the control problem. The controller is chosen in such a way that it incorporates an internal model of the infinite‐dimensional exosystem. The remaining parameters of the controller are chosen to stabilize the closed‐loop system strongly. We also analyze the classes of signals generated by the exosystem. In particular, we explore the connection between the smoothness properties of the reference and disturbance signals and the strictness of the conditions required for the existence of a controller solving the robust output regulation problem. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impossibility of finding any third family of server protocols integrating Byzantine quorum systems with threshold signature schemes
Authors: Lin Jingqiang , Liu Peng , Jing Jiwu , Wang Qiongxiao 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTTo tolerate servers' Byzantine failures, a distributed storage service of self‐verifying data needs to make three security properties be Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT): data consistency, data availability, and confidentiality of the signing service's private key. Building such systems demands the integration of Byzantine quorum systems (BQSs), which only make data consistency and availability be BFT, and threshold signature schemes (TSSs), which only make confidentiality of the private key be BFT. Two families of valid TSS‐BQS systems (of which the server protocols carry all the design options) have been proposed in the literature. Motivated by the failures in finding a third family of valid server protocols, we study the reverse problem and formally prove that it is impossible to find any third family of valid TSS‐BQS systems. To obtain this proof, we develop a validity theory on server protocols of TSS‐BQS systems. It is shown that the only two families of valid server protocols, “predicted” (or deduced) by the validity theory, precisely match the existing protocols. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Network analysis of supply chain systems: A systematic review and future research
Authors: Bellamy Marcus A. , Basole Rahul C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSupply chains are continuously evolving and adapting systems driven by complex sociotechnical interfirm interactions. Traditional engineering and operations management modeling approaches have primarily focused on technical issues and are not well suited to effectively capture the many complex structural and behavioral aspects of supply chain systems (SCSs). There is growing recognition by the supply chain community of the significant benefits a network analytic lens can provide to understand, design, and manage SCSs. We systematically review and analyze the relevant literature and, drawing on a multidisciplinary theoretical foundation, develop an integrative framework. Our framework identifies three distinct, but interdependent themes that characterize the study of SCSs: SCS network structure (i.e., system architecture), SCS network dynamics (i.e., system behavior), and SCS network strategy (i.e., system policy and control). We elaborate on these themes, review key findings, identify the current limitations and knowledge gaps, and discuss the fundamental benefits derived from adopting an integrated SCSs perspective. We conclude with future research directions for network analysis in SCS design and management, in particular, and complex enterprise systems, in general. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 16:
Separating the research question from the laboratory techniques: Advancing high‐school biology teachers' ability to ask research questions
Authors: Hasson Eilat , Yarden Anat 
Published: November 2012

AbstractInquiry is essentially a process in which research questions are asked and an attempt is made to find the answers. However, the formulation of operational research questions of the sort used in authentic scientific inquiry is not a trivial task. Here, we set out to explore the possible influence of separating the research question from the laboratory techniques used to try and answer this question on teachers' understanding of laboratory techniques and their ability to formulate research questions. We conducted a laboratory course in microbiology in which the laboratory techniques were presented in an explicit and generalized manner, in the context of specific research questions. During the course, teachers' understanding of laboratory techniques improved as reflected in their answers to exercises given throughout. In addition, teachers' ability to ask research questions, analyzed using Dillon's classification of research questions, also improved. When reflecting upon the course, some teachers attributed the change in their ability to ask research questions to their increased knowledge of techniques, whereas others did not. We conclude that to facilitate research‐question‐asking skills among teachers, they should be provided with knowledge of the relevant laboratory techniques in an explicit fashion. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 49: 1296–1320, 2012
Characterization of pericyclic steps in the mechanisms of Gold(I) catalyzed rearrangement of alkynes
Authors: Pérez Adán González , Álvarez Rosana , de Lera Ángel R. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPericyclic reactions are frequently proposed as intermediate steps in diverse multistep Au(I)‐catalyzed transformations of unsaturated systems, an expanding class of atom‐economical reactions that proceed under mild conditions and generally lead to products that exhibit an extraordinary increase in molecular complexity. The feasibility of pericyclic steps occurring in the overall transformations is greater with highly functionalized polyunsaturated systems. Experimental and computational studies concur that Au(I) catalyst guides, if possible, the evolution of the reactant and/or intermediates through pericyclic processes if available to the particular substrate. In general, the activation energies are lower than those for the corresponding reactions in the absence of the coinage metal, in particular when Au(I) is bound to a carbon atom of the pericyclic array. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis
Demography, Migration and the Economy at a Regional Level: Recent Evidence from Catalonia
Authors: Bonifazi Corrado , Crisci Massimiliano 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn the last decade Spain had one of the highest immigration levels in the European Union and Catalonia was one of the most important destinations within the country. Immigration drove a strong and fast population growth and rejuvenated the population of the region. The world economic crisis is probably going to mark a turning point in international migration trends and has already caused a sharp decrease in Spanish and Catalan immigration flows. However, Catalonia is historically a very intriguing example of the close links that exist between demographic trends, migration movements and economic development. Around the mid 1800s the region was one of the first in Europe to experience a demographic transition and as a consequence it was affected early on by low levels of natural population change and by imbalances in the age structure. Moreover, Catalonia’s economy has almost always been one of the most dynamic in Spain. The main consequence of the diverging trends in demography and the economy has been the recurrent need for large immigration flows in periods of sustained economic growth. From this point of view, Catalonia is a meaningful example for all the European regions with a structurally low fertility and dynamic economic systems. The main aims of this paper are to analyse the interplay between demographic, migratory and economic factors during the last decade in Catalonia and try to infer their possible future interactions, according to the results of innovative regional projections implemented for EU and EFTA countries.
Predation by carabid beetles on the invasive slugArion vulgarisin an agricultural semi-field experiment
Authors: Pianezzola E. , Roth S. , Hatteland B.A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractArion vulgarisMoquin-Tandon 1855 is one of the most important invasive species in Europe, affecting both biodiversity and agriculture. The species is spreading in many parts of Europe, inflicting severe damage to horticultural plants and cultivated crops partly due to a lack of satisfactory and effective management solutions. Molluscicides have traditionally been used to manage slug densities, although the effects are variable and some have severe side-effects on other biota. Thus, there is a need to explore potential alternatives such as biological control. The nematodePhasmarhabditis hermaphroditais the only biological agent that has been applied commercially so far. However, other biological control agents such as carabid beetles have also been found to be promising. In addition, some carabid species have been shown to feed onA. vulgarisin the field as well as in the laboratory. Two species in particular have been found to be important predators ofA. vulgaris, and these species are also common in agricultural environments:Pterostichus melanariusandCarabus nemoralis. This study is the first to use semi-field experiments in a strawberry field, manipulating densities, to investigate howP. melanariusandC. nemoralisaffect densities ofA. vulgariseggs and juveniles, respectively. Gut contents ofC. nemoraliswere analysed using multiplex PCR methods to detect DNA of juvenile slugs. Results show that bothP. melanariusandC. nemoralissignificantly affect densities of slug eggs and juvenile slugs under semi-field conditions and thatC. nemoralisseems to prefer slugs smaller than one gram.Carabus nemoralisseems to be especially promising in reducing densities ofA. vulgaris, and future studies should investigate the potential of using this species as a biological control agent.
Effect of Wolbachia on insecticide susceptibility in lines of Aedes aegypti
Authors: Endersby N.M. , Hoffmann A.A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTwo stable infections of Wolbachia pipientis, wMelPop and wMel, now established in Aedes aegypti, are being used in a biocontrol program to suppress the transmission of dengue. Any effects of Wolbachia infection on insecticide resistance of mosquitoes may undermine the success of this program. Bioassays of Ae. aegypti were conducted to test for differences in response to insecticides between Wolbachia infected (wMelPop, wMel) and uninfected lines. Insecticides screened were bifenthrin, the pyrethroid commonly used for adult knockdown, as well as larvicides: Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, the organophosphate, temephos and the insect growth regulator, s-methoprene. While differences in response between lines were detected for some insecticides, no obvious or consistent effects related to presence of Wolbachia infection were observed. Spreading Wolbachia infections are, therefore, unlikely to affect the efficacy of traditional chemical control of mosquito outbreaks.
The QuranicMushrikūnand the resurrection (Part II)
Authors: Crone Patricia 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis article examines the attitudes of the Quranicmushrikūnto the resurrection and the afterlife, focusing on those who doubted or denied the reality of both. The first part of the article, published in a previous issue ofBSOAS, argued that the doubters and deniers had grown up in a monotheist environment familiar with both concepts and that it was from within the monotheist tradition that they rejected them. This second part relates their thought to intellectual currents in Arabia and the Near East in general, arguing that the role of their pagan heritage in their denial is less direct than normally assumed. It is also noted thatmutakallims such as Abū ʿĪsā al-Warrāq and al-Māturīdī anticipated the main conclusions reached in this paper.
The evolution of animal husbandry in Neolithic central-west Anatolia: the zooarchaeological record from Ulucak Höyük (c. 7040–5660 cal. BC, Izmir, Turkey)
Authors: Çakırlar Canan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractResearch into the emergence of animal husbandry west of the Taurus mountains has been primarily confined to central Anatolia, the Lake District and the Marmara region in Anatolia, leaving a c. 85,000km area in western Anatolia largely unexplored. This vast region is crucial to understand the developmental trajectories of early farming practices in Anatolia and to explain the expansion of Neolithic agro-pastoralist lifeways into southeast Europe. The hand-collected faunal assemblage from Ulucak Höyük near Izmir provides a first opportunity to examine the beginnings and the evolution of Neolithic animal husbandry practices in this region across an uninterrupted cultural sequence dating between c. 7040–5660 cal. BC. Taxonomic, osteometric and demographic analyses suggest that all four initial food animals (sheep, goat, cattle and pig) appeared simultaneously at the beginning of the seventh millennium BC. The relative proportions of the domestic food animals indicate that beef was as significant a resource as sheep and goat meat. Fusion data for cattle and combined tootheruption and wear data for sheep and goat suggest that milk exploitation may have begun towards the end of the seventh millennium BC and intensified during the first quarter of the sixth. Evidence for post-adult caprines and cattle is thought to represent a strategy employed to maximise herd size and buffer risk. No clear evidence for cattle traction was found. Fallow deer seems to have become an increasingly important resource throughout the period. Small amounts of fish remains and substantial amounts of marine molluscs demonstrate that coastal environments were also exploited. These results indicate that central-west Anatolia played an essential role in the expansion of animal husbandry technologies into southeast Europe.
Bronze Age Trojan artefacts in Poland: some remarks
Authors: Maliszewski Dariusz 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis article focuses on several overlooked assemblages of the Bronze Age artefacts from Troy brought to light by H. Schliemann and W. Dörpfeld. It briefly presents the complicated history and partition of duplicate artefacts from the Berlin collection and their donation to many European institutions after Schliemann's death. The article discusses five such collections in modern-day Poland. Schmidt's 1902 Berlin catalogue gives an overview of what types of object were sent to which institution, but gives no clear indication of the quantities involved. The present article tries to rectify that, and to present the information systematically institution by institution, with later documentation where available.
Primary evidence for Late Roman D Ware production in southern Asia Minor: a challenge to ‘Cypriot Red Slip Ware’
Authors: Jackson Mark , Zelle Michael , Vandeput Lutgarde , Köse Veli 
Published: November 2012

AbstractLate Roman D Ware (or ‘Cypriot Red Slip Ware’) is one of the most widespread fine wares of the late antique Mediterranean. Its hypothetical origin in Cyprus is challenged by the discovery since 2008 of kilns in Turkey whose products include the whole of this ware's standard repertoire. This paper provides the first detailed account of the discovery of a network of seven production centres located near Gebiz, 32km northeast of Antalya and close to the Kestros river (Aksu çayı) and its tributary the Küçükaksu river, from where these products together with agricultural goods would have been traded inland and downstream to Perge and beyond. Results of the field survey during which these kilns were discovered are presented, together with a discussion of their far-reaching implications. The results establish southern Anatolia, and specifically the margins of the Pamphylian plain, as the only certainly identified production area of this ware. By challenging the origin traditionally accepted for ‘Cypriot Red Slip Ware’, which is distributed throughout the eastern Mediterranean, the discovery of these kilns raises questions also about other less archaeologically distinct Anatolian goods which also are likely to have been involved in this exchange network at both local and international scales.
Cost-effectiveness of farm interventions for reducing the prevalence of VTEC O157 on UK dairy farms
Authors: LYONS N. A. , SMITH R. P. , RUSHTON J. 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYA randomized control trial on verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC)-infected farms found evidence that: (1) keeping animals in the same group; (2) maintaining dry bedding; (3) preventing direct contact with neighbouring cattle; and (4) maintaining a closed herd, were associated with a reduced risk of infection in youngstock aged 3–18 months. This study evaluated these interventions using a cost-effectiveness framework for UK dairy farms. Keeping animals in the same group was considered to have negligible cost and was feasible for herds containing over 77 dairy cows. Assuming equal efficacy of the remaining interventions, preventing direct contact between neighbouring cattle is most cost-effective with a median annual cost of £2.76 per cow. This compares to £4.18 for maintaining dry bedding and £17.42 for maintaining a closed herd using quarantine procedures. Further model validation and exploration of other potential benefits are required before making policy decisions on VTEC control.
Systemic hypertension in an infant with unrepaired tetralogy of Fallot: case report
Authors: Khoury Michael , Kallile Michael , May Joseph , Punn Rajesh 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPatients with severe right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in tetralogy of Fallot typically have right-to-left shunting, resulting in low pulmonary blood flow and cyanosis. Here we present the case of an infant with tetralogy of Fallot and severe pulmonary valve stenosis, complicated by systemic hypertension, the presence of which altered flow dynamics and possibly prevented cyanosis.
Associations between apriori-defined dietary patterns and longitudinal changes in bone mineral density in adolescents
Authors: Monjardino Teresa , Lucas Raquel , Ramos Elisabete , Barros Henrique 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify short- and long-term associations between dietary patterns defined a priori and bone mineral density (BMD) during adolescence.DesignDietary patterns were defined at 13 years old using a Mediterranean diet (MD) quality index, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet index and the Oslo Health Study (OHS) dietary index. Linear regression coefficients were used to estimate associations between dietary patterns and forearm BMD at 13 and 17 years, measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.SettingPublic and private schools of Porto, Portugal.SubjectsThe EPITeen cohort comprising 1180 adolescents born in 1990, recruited at schools during the 2003/2004 school year and re-evaluated in 2007/2008.ResultsIn girls, at 13 years, mean BMD (g/cm2) in the first and third tertiles was 0·369 and 0·368 for the MD pattern, 0·368 and 0·369 for the DASH diet, and 0·370 and 0·363 for the OHS index. In boys, mean BMD (g/cm2) in the first and third tertiles was 0·338 and 0·347 for the MD pattern, 0·342 and 0·346 for the DASH diet, and 0·344 and 0·342 for the OHS index. None of these differences were significant. Mean BMD at 17 years and prospective variation were also not significantly different between tertiles of adherence to each score. However, a trend of increased BMD at 13 years with greater adherence to the MD pattern was observed in boys (adjusted coefficient = 0·248; 95 % CI 0·052, 0·444).ConclusionsThe selected dietary patterns may not capture truly important dietary differences in determining BMD or diet may not be, beyond nutrient adequacy, a limiting determinant of BMD.
Insignificant buffering capacity of Antarctic shelf carbonates
Authors: Hauck J. , Arrigo K. R. , Hoppema M. , van Dijken G. L. , Völker C. , Wolf‐Gladrow D. A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe combined data sets of measured sedimentary calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and satellite‐derived pelagic primary production to parameterize the relation between CaCO3 content on the Antarctic shelves and primary production in the overlying water column. CaCO3 content predicted in this way was in good agreement with the measured data. The parameterization was then used to chart CaCO3 content on the Antarctic shelves all around the Antarctic, using the satellite‐derived primary production. The total inventory of CaCO3 in the bioturbated layer of Antarctic shelf sediments was estimated to be 0.5 Pg C. This quantity is comparable to the total CO2 uptake by the Southern Ocean in only one to a few years (dependent on the uptake estimate and area considered), indicating that the dissolution of these carbonates will neither delay ocean acidification in this area nor augment the Southern Ocean CO2 uptake capacity.
Postseismic deformation following the 1999 Chi‐Chi earthquake, Taiwan: Implication for lower‐crust rheology
Authors: Rousset Baptiste , Barbot Sylvain , Avouac Jean‐Philippe , Hsu Ya‐Ju 
Published: November 2012

On 1999 September 21, the Mw 7.6 Chi‐Chi earthquake ruptured a segment of the Chelungpu Fault, a frontal thrust fault of the Western Foothills of Taiwan. The stress perturbation induced by the rupture triggered a transient deformation across the island, which was well recorded by a wide network of continuously operating GPS stations. The analysis of more than ten years of these data reveals a heterogeneous pattern of postseismic displacements, with relaxation times varying by a factor of more than ten, and large cumulative displacements at great distances, in particular along the Longitudinal Valley in eastern Taiwan, where relaxation times are also longer. We show that while afterslip is the dominant relaxation process in the epicentral area, viscoelastic relaxation is needed to explain the pattern and time evolution of displacements at the larger scale. We model the spatiotemporal behavior of the transient deformation as the result of afterslip on the décollement that extends downdip of the Chelungpu thrust, and viscoelastic flow in the lower crust and in the mid‐crust below the Central Range. We construct a model of deformation driven by coseismic stress change where afterslip and viscoelastic flow are fully coupled. The model is compatible with the shorter relaxation times observed in the near field, which are due to continued fault slip, and the longer characteristic relaxation times and the reversed polarity of vertical displacements observed east of the Central Range. Our preferred model shows a viscosity of 0.5–1 × 1019Pa s at lower‐crustal depths and 5 × 1017Pa s in the mid‐crust below the Central Range, between 10 and 30 km depth. The low‐viscosity zone at mid‐crustal depth below the Central Range coincides with a region of low seismicity where rapid advection of heat due to surface erosion coupled with underplating maintain high temperatures, estimated to be between 300°C and 600°C from the modeling of thermo‐chronology and surface heat flow data.