bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Being an Emerging Christian
Authors: Marti Gerardo , Ganiel Gladys 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This chapter features the stories of Emerging Christians, honing in on their personal, often individualized, experiences of deconstruction, often characterized as deconversion stories. Emerging Christians nurture a shared deconstructed religious orientation by participating in reoriented religious communities that draw on long-established and well-understood structures of institutionalized Christianity. The chapter emphasizes the common experiences of Emerging Christians, such as disillusionment with evangelicalism, megachurches, or rigid mainline denominations; and the liberating effects reported from reading Brian McLaren books. Emerging Christians are finding newly legitimated ways to move out of conventional Christian expectations. Emerging Christians continually balance the dual demands of deconstructing their individual faith and investing in cooperative congregational relationships. Rather than cultivating communities in which they can lose themselves or find a means to adopt a larger collective identity, Emerging Christians join emerging congregations that promote a religiously individualized self, one that strives for a type of nonconformity that commingles ambiguity and conviction. Because being an Emerging Christian is a form of personal religiosity that is expected to be intentionally (rather than customarily) enacted, this type of religious self cannot avoid being strategic in its activities. We therefore describe their actions as the enactment of a strategic religiosity.
Deconstructing Congregational Practices
Authors: Marti Gerardo , Ganiel Gladys 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Hybridity is characteristic of the practices of emerging congregations, including pub churches, neo-monastic communities, religious arts collectives, and other more recognizably “congregational” expressions. At first glance, the practices of emerging congregations appear as eclectic, even anything goes approaches to Christianity. But it is not simply the case that Emerging Christians pick from the practices that they like without regard for how these practices will have an impact on their personal development and on communal, congregational life. Rather, all the practices found in emerging congregations are chosen carefully and strategically, with a view to embodying the ideals inherent to the wider “conversation.” In their approaches to preaching, leadership, liturgy, and the physical locations and appearances of church, emerging congregations are embodying their critiques of evangelicalism, seeker megachurches, and mainline congregations. In their diverse and varied practices we can see Emerging Christians’ deconstruction of these expressions of Christianity worked out and reassembled into something new, while still rooted within Christian traditions. The capacity for multiply achieved hybridity in turn reflects the heterogeneity of the religious organizational field from which Emerging Christians have been eager to draw on new (to them) practices or to reimagine old ones.
Following Jesus in the Real World
Authors: Marti Gerardo , Ganiel Gladys 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This chapter explores how Emerging Christians live—or strive to live—in the real world. The test of whether people are Christians is not whether they assent to specific intellectual beliefs and doctrines but rather their everyday lives outside official church spaces. This has been identified as a shift from orthodoxy (right belief) to orthopraxis (right practice). Some Emerging Christians choose lifestyles that they see as inherently political, believing that this is the best way for them to practice Christianity. For them, Jesus’s mission was a political one on behalf of the poor and marginalized, so they seek to emulate Jesus by identifying with disadvantaged communities, or working for peace and reconciliation, through conventional political engagement, forming neo-monastic communities, creating Temporary Autonomous Zones, and choosing careers which promote social justice. For others, it implies a move toward a religion-less Christianity, where religious institutions and meetings become less important as people focus on loving others outside church. Overall, immersive relationships with people outside their congregations and involvements with loftier ethical and political concerns provide Emerging Christians multiple, necessary opportunities for experimenting and implementing a newly individuated religious self.
Understanding Emerging Christianity
Authors: Marti Gerardo , Ganiel Gladys 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The Emerging Church Movement (ECM) is best understood as an intriguing reshaping of religious imperatives and the efforts to put them into practice. The book not only synthesizes the broader argument of the book but also places it in contrast to common interpretations of the ECM, such as that it is merely evangelicalism in disguise, liberal Protestantism in another guise, religious consumerism, or a movement that has already run its course. The book argues that the structure and practices of Emerging Christianity represent a distinctive approach to religious individualization. We describe the religious orientation or “self” of the Emerging Christian as “legitimate,” “sacralized,” and “pluralist,” which is supported by congregations that facilitate a cooperative egoism. Emerging congregations provide settings where pluralism is embraced and where the otherwise isolated self can find meaning and fulfillment through others. In the ways it has responded to modernity, the ECM (and the other expressions of Christianity it may influence) is remarkably well-adapted to persist, even thrive, as a viable religious alternative in the West. And the patterns of religious individualism, the formation of pluralist congregations, the allowance for multiple forms of legitimate spirituality, and the desire to strategically construct a personal faith that is valid and strengthened by life lived in the real world will be a ubiquitous element of modern religiosity.
HTML5 PivotViewer: high-throughput visualization and querying of image data on the web
Authors: Taylor Stephen , Noble Roger 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMotivation:  Visualization and analysis of large numbers of biological images has generated a bottle neck in research. We present HTML5 PivotViewer, a novel, open source, platform-independent viewer making use of the latest web technologies that allows seamless access to images and associated metadata for each image. This provides a powerful method to allow end users to mine their data.Availability and implementation:  Documentation, examples and links to the software are available from http://www.cbrg.ox.ac.uk/data/pivotviewer/ . The software is licensed under GPLv2.Contact:   stephen.taylor@imm.ox.ac.uk and roger@coritsu.com
Role of Physical Activity in the Relationship Between Mastery and Functional Health
Authors: Sargent-Cox Kerry A. , Butterworth Peter , Anstey Kaarin J. 
Published: May 2014

Purpose of the Study:
To examine the influence of mastery, physical activity levels, and subsequent trajectories of domains of functional health across the adult life course.

Design and Methods:
We examined 8-year trajectories of physical functioning (handgrip strength) and functional health (physical [RAND PHC12], psychological [RAND MHC12], and cognitive [processing speed]) in a large Australian sample (n = 7,485 at baseline) of 3 cohorts (20–24, 40–44, and 60–64 years). Within- and between-person indirect effects of physical activity on the relationship between mastery and health were examined using multilevel structural equation models.

Results:
Mastery was positively related to within-person change in physical and psychological health for all cohorts, and processing speed for the 60s. Between-person mastery was positively associated with all health domains across all cohorts. Physical activity indirectly influenced the between-person relationships between mastery and handgrip strength, physical health, and psychological health in all cohorts, and between mastery and processing speed for the 60s.

Implications:
Psychological resources are important mechanisms for functional health as they may drive adaptive behaviors such as physical activity. The within-person association connecting mastery with physical and psychological health trajectories provides promise for interventions that foster or improve a sense of mastery. The findings contribute to the understanding of complex relationships between personal resources and behaviors that aid in successful aging across the life span.
Firm detection of a cyclotron resonance feature with Suzaku in the X-ray spectrum of GRO J1008−57 during a giant outburst in 2012
Authors: Yamamoto Takayuki , Mihara Tatehiro , Sugizaki Mutsumi , Nakajima Motoki , Makishima Kazuo , Sasano Makoto 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
We report on the firm detection of a cyclotron resonance scattering feature (CRSF) in the X-ray spectrum of the Be X-ray binary pulsar, GRO J1008−57, achieved by the Suzaku Hard X-ray Detector during a giant outburst which was detected by the MAXI Gas Slit Camera in 2012 November. The Suzaku observation was carried out on 2012 November 20, outburst maximum when the X-ray flux reached ∼ 0.45 Crab in 4–10 keV, which corresponds to a luminosity of 1.1 × 1038 erg s−1 in 0.5–100 keV at 5.8 kpc. The obtained broadband X-ray spectrum from 0.5 keV to 118 keV revealed a significant absorption feature, considered as the fundamental CRSF, at ∼ 76 keV. This unambiguously reconfirms the previously suggested ∼ 80 keV spectral feature in GRO J1008−57. The implied surface magnetic field, 6.6 × 1012 G, is the highest among binary X-ray pulsars from which CRSFs have ever been detected.
A Single-institution Comparison of Cetuximab, Carboplatin, and Paclitaxel Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Chemoradiation (CRT) Versus CRT for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (LA-SCCHN)
Authors: Grover Surbhi , Mitra Nandita , Wan Fei , Lukens John N. , Sharma Sonam , Bauman Jessica , Masroor Farzad , Cohen Roger B. , Desai Arati , Algazy Kenneth , Alonso-Basanta Michelle , Ahn Peter , Kevin Teo Boon-Keng , Chalian Ara A. , Weinstein Gregory S. , O’Malley Bert W. , Lin Alexander 
Published: May 2014

Objectives:
Comparisons of induction chemotherapy (IC) against upfront chemoradiation (CRT) for locally advanced head and neck cancer (LA-HNSCC) have demonstrated no differences except greater toxicity with IC. Effective induction regimens that are less toxic are therefore warranted. To inform future efforts with IC, we present our institutional experience comparing a less toxic IC regimen to CRT.

Methods:
We included patients with LA-HNSCC treated with organ-preservation CRT (+/−induction) between 2008 and 2011. Patients were of age above 18 years, ECOG performance status 0-1, and had minimum 6 months follow-up. IC consisted of 8 weekly cycles of cetuximab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel followed by CRT. The CRT regimen was platinum based, with cetuximab reserved for patients contraindicated to receive platinum.

Results:
Of 118 patients, 24 (20%) received IC and 94 (80%) received CRT. Median follow-up was 17 (IC) and 19 (CRT) months (P=0.05). There were no differences in toxicity between the groups. IC patients were more likely male, with more advanced tumor and nodal stage. Even when controlling for these factors, IC was still associated with worse locoregional control (HR=3.6, P=0.02), distant metastasis–free survival (HR=5.3, P=0.02), and overall survival (HR=5.1, P<0.01).

Conclusions:
IC patients had greater disease burden than those receiving CRT. IC was well tolerated, but with significant rates of locoregional and systemic failures. Given the retrospective nature of the study, our findings are not meant to be definitive or conclusive, but rather suggestive in directing future efforts with IC. For now, we favor CRT as the standard option for treatment of inoperable LA-HNSCC.
Patterns of Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in 2 Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinics
Authors: Adams Denise , Schiffgen Miriam , Kundu Anjana , Dagenais Simon , Clifford Tammy , Baydala Lola , King W. James , Vohra Sunita 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and patterns of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among pediatric patients with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders at academic clinics in Canada.Methods:The survey was carried out at 2 hospital‐based gastroenterology clinics: the Stollery Children's Hospital in Edmonton and the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) in Ottawa.Results:CAM use at the Stollery was 83% compared with 36% at CHEO (P < 0.001). The most common reason for not using CAM was lack of knowledge about it. Most respondents felt comfortable discussing CAM in their clinic and wanted more information on CAM. The most common CAM products being taken were multivitamins (91%), calcium (35%), vitamin C (32%), probiotics (14%), and fish oil/omega‐3 fatty acids (13%). The most common CAM practices being used were massage (43%), chiropractic (27%), faith healing (25%), and relaxation (18%). Most respondents believed that CAM was helpful, and most of the 23 reported adverse effects were minor. Seven were reported as moderate, and 3 were reported as severe. Many (42%) patients used CAM at the same time as prescription medicines, and of these patients, concurrent use was discussed with their physician (76%) or pharmacist (52%).Conclusions:CAM use is high among pediatric patients with GI disorders and is much greater among those in Edmonton than in Ottawa. Most respondents reported their CAM use as helpful, with little or no associated harm. Many patients fail to disclose their concurrent use of CAM and conventional medicines to their doctors, increasing the likelihood of interactions.
LIMIX: genetic analysis of multiple traits
Authors: Lippert Christoph , Casale Franceso Paolo , Rakitsch Barbara , Stegle Oliver 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMulti-trait mixed models have emerged as a promising approach for joint analyses of multiple traits. In principle, the mixed model framework is remarkably general. However, current methods implement only a very specific range of tasks to optimize the necessary computations. Here, we present a multi-trait modeling framework that is versatile and fast: LIMIX enables to flexibly adapt mixed models for a broad range of applications with different observed and hidden covariates, and variable study designs. To highlight the novel modeling aspects of LIMIX we performed three vastly different genetic studies: joint GWAS of correlated blood lipid phenotypes, joint analysis of the expression levels of the multiple transcript-isoforms of a gene, and pathway-based modeling of molecular traits across environments. In these applications we show that LIMIX increases GWAS power and phenotype prediction accuracy, in particular when integrating stepwise multi-locus regression into multi-trait models, and when analyzing large numbers of traits. An open source implementation of LIMIX is freely available at:https://github.com/PMBio/limix.
IVT-seq reveals extreme bias in RNA-sequencing
Authors: Lahens Nicholas F. , Kavakli Ibrahim Halil , Zhang Ray , Hayer Katharina , Black Michael B. , Dueck Hannah , Pizarro Angel , Kim Junhyong , Irizarry Rafael , Thomas Russell S. , Grant Gregory R. , Hogenesch John B. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is a powerful technique for identifying and quantifying transcription and splicing events, both known and novel. However, given its recent development and the proliferation of library construction methods, understanding the bias it introduces is incomplete but critical to realizing its value.ResultsHere we present a method, in vitro transcription sequencing (IVT-seq), for identifying and assessing the technical biases in RNA-seq library generation and sequencing at scale. We created a pool of > 1000in vitrotranscribed (IVT) RNAs from a full-length human cDNA library and sequenced them with poly-A and total RNA-seq, the most common protocols. Because each cDNA is full length and we show IVT is incredibly processive, each base in each transcript should be equivalently represented. However, with common RNA-seq applications and platforms, we find ∼50% of transcripts have > 2-fold and ∼10% have > 10-fold differences in within-transcript sequence coverage. Strikingly, we also find > 6% of transcripts have regions of high, unpredictable sequencing coverage, where the same transcript varies dramatically in coveragebetweensamples, confounding accurate determination of their expression. To get at causal factors, we used a combination of experimental and computational approaches to show that rRNA depletion is responsible for the most significant variability in coverage and that several sequence determinants also strongly influence representation.ConclusionsIn sum, these results show the utility of IVT-seq in promoting better understanding of bias introduced by RNA-seq and suggest caution in its interpretation. Furthermore, we find that rRNA-depletion is responsible for substantial, unappreciated biases in coverage. Perhaps most importantly, these coverage biases introduced during library preparation suggest exon level expression analysis may be inadvisable.
Evolution of the Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase Protein Kinase Family in C3 and C4 Flaveria spp.
Authors: Aldous Sophia H. , Weise Sean E. , Sharkey Thomas D. , Waldera-Lupa Daniel M. , Stühler Kai , Mallmann Julia , Groth Georg , Gowik Udo , Westhoff Peter , Arsova Borjana 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The key enzyme for C4 photosynthesis, Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase (PEPC), evolved from nonphotosynthetic PEPC found in C3 ancestors. In all plants, PEPC is phosphorylated by Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase Protein Kinase (PPCK). However, differences in the phosphorylation pattern exist among plants with these photosynthetic types, and it is still not clear if they are due to interspecies differences or depend on photosynthetic type. The genus Flaveria contains closely related C3, C3-C4 intermediate, and C4 species, which are evolutionarily young and thus well suited for comparative analysis. To characterize the evolutionary differences in PPCK between plants with C3 and C4 photosynthesis, transcriptome libraries from nine Flaveria spp. were used, and a two-member PPCK family (PPCKA and PPCKB) was identified. Sequence analysis identified a number of C3- and C4-specific residues with various occurrences in the intermediates. Quantitative analysis of transcriptome data revealed that PPCKA and PPCKB exhibit inverse diel expression patterns and that C3 and C4 Flaveria spp. differ in the expression levels of these genes. PPCKA has maximal expression levels during the day, whereas PPCKB has maximal expression during the night. Phosphorylation patterns of PEPC varied among C3 and C4 Flaveria spp. too, with PEPC from the C4 species being predominantly phosphorylated throughout the day, while in the C3 species the phosphorylation level was maintained during the entire 24 h. Since C4 Flaveria spp. evolved from C3 ancestors, this work links the evolutionary changes in sequence, PPCK expression, and phosphorylation pattern to an evolutionary phase shift of kinase activity from a C3 to a C4 mode.
The demand for credit, credit rationing and the role of microfinance
Authors: Cheng Enjiang , D. Ahmed Abdullahi 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to examine the demand for credit and credit rationing conducted by formal, informal and emerging microfinance lenders in the four poor counties of China.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper extends the existing studies on credit rationing in rural China by comparing the determinants of credit rationing by three different lenders, the formal lenders rural credit cooperatives (RCCs), the informal lenders and the new microfinance institutions (MFIs).

Findings
– MFIs are capable of reaching out to the even poorer households if they develop the loan products based on the income and expenditure flows of these households.

Research limitations/implications
– The determinants of credit rationing by three types of institutions are estimated separately.

Practical implications
– RCCs in China shall change their policy of discrimination against female-headed households. RCCs shall also simplify the loan application procedures and assess the clients based on their repayment capacities rather than the age or assets alone. RCCs could learn from MFIs to use incomes from migrant workers as a criterion to assess the loan applicants.

Social implications
– gender equity for loan access.

Originality/value
– This paper extends the existing studies on credit rationing in rural China by comparing the determinants of credit rationing by three different lenders, the formal lenders (RCCs), the informal lenders and the new MFIs.
Liquidity premium and the Corwin-Schultz bid-ask spread estimate
Authors: Zhang Xindong , Yang Junxian , Su Huimin , Zhang Shun 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the price implication of a newly developed estimator of the bid-ask spread by Corwin and Schultz (2012). The paper focusses on whether the new measure as a liquidity proxy commands a significant premium. The research helps the understanding on the validity of the Corwin-Schultz estimate as a liquidity measure.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors carry out their examination based on the portfolio approach, cross-sectional regressions, and time-series regressions. For comparison, the authors also adopt other three liquidity proxies and mainly rely on the Fama-French three-factor model as the benchmark. The sample includes NYSE/AMEX/ARCA/NASDAQ ordinary common stocks over 1926-2010.

Findings
– The paper finds that Corwin-Schultz spread lacks significant power to predict returns either in the pre- or post-1963 period. In contrast, other liquidity measures such as the price impact of Amihud (2002), trading discontinuity of Liu (2006), and turnover show stronger return predictability than the Corwin-Schultz spread estimate.

Research limitations/implications
– The evidence indicates the limited ability of the Corwin-Schultz spread estimate to describe liquidity.

Practical implications
– The comparison of the Corwin-Schultz spread with other liquidity measures helps practitioners and academic researchers to identify the appropriate proxy.

Originality/value
– This paper, for the first time, provides a thorough assessment of the Corwin-Schultz spread estimate as a liquidity proxy, which distinguish from Corwin and Schultz (2012) who focus on whether their spread estimate measures transaction costs. Our study not only helps practitioners and academic researchers to select an adequate liquidity measure and an asset pricing model to use, but it also sheds light on the current debate about whether transaction costs have the first order importance in asset pricing.