bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of a focused podcast curriculum (PC) to improve hematology oncology fellow (HOF) knowledge: A multi-center cluster randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Patel Vivek , Tawagi Karine , Armstrong Samantha Ann , Hausrath Daniel , Abuali Inas , Taasan Sean , Mian Agrima , Wilson Nathaniel R. , Egert Daniel , Stoen Ericson , Itani Aleena , Berardi Giuliana , Lee Yurhee , Pachika Pranali Santhoshini , Mistry Ronak 
Published: June 2024

9041 Background: Several studies demonstrate widespread use of medical podcasts as learning resources. Utility of integration of educational podcasts in fellowship curricula remains unknown. Here we describe a multicenter cluster randomized trial comparing a supplemental PC with standard curriculum (SC) to SC alone for HOF. Methods: HO fellowship programs in the United States were eligible. One HOF from each program was invited via email to participate as a local PI. The trial protocol was reviewed by program directors for approval. Programs were cluster randomized to novel PC with SC (intervention) or SC alone (control). Permuted block randomization stratified by program size was performed using STATA. The PC arm was given access to a website developed by the study team with links to podcasts episodes (PE) covering 4 topics: breast oncology, myeloma, bleeding disorders, and HIT. Written show notes (SN) were provided as separate links. PE and SNs were previously developed employing an inductive approach and released by The Fellow on Call and Two Onc Docs podcasts and are freely available. Pre and post qualitative surveys (QS) and knowledge assessments (KA) were administered via REDCAP. QS utilized a 7-point Likert score. KAs were peer reviewed by expert disease-specific faculty. QS and KA links were included on the PC website. To maintain blinding, the SC arm was given a separate website with these links. HOF participation was voluntary. To improve enrollment, at minimum, QS completion was required; KA was optional. Baseline data was obtained from October to November 2023. Post data cut off will be June 2024. Power calculation was based on mean difference in comfort level and knowledge. Assuming a mean improvement by 0.5 points for QS, a total sample size of 210 HOF, 11 clusters in each arm would provide at least 80% power assuming a standard deviation (SD) of 1, intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.05, and coefficient of variation of cluster sizes of 0.7. For improvement in KA by 10%, a total sample size of 60 HOF would provide the same power assuming SD of 15%. We therefore planned to recruit 30 HO programs to account for non-response rates. IRB review deemed the study exempt. Results: Baseline characteristics from 28 randomized programs are presented below. Conclusions: This is the first randomized education trial in graduate medical education of its kind with a priori power calculations. Our innovative use of HOF as local PIs may have led to increased participation in KAs. Recruited sites will serve as a consortium for future multicenter education research. Interim analysis will be presented at ASCO 2024. [Table: see text]
CYP17A1 Pathogenic Variants in 26 Chinese Patients With 17α-Hydroxylase Deficiency by Targeted Long-Read Sequencing
Authors: Cao Yaqing , Zhao Zhiyuan , Lu Lin , Zhang Xiaoxia , Zhang Wei , Sun Bang , Tong Anli , Chen Shi , Wang Xi , Mao Jiangfeng , Wu Xueyan , Nie Min 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17-OHD) is a rare subtype of congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in the CYP17A1 gene.

Purpose
This study aimed to identify and characterize pathogenic variants in individuals with 17-OHD and to classify and validate the pathogenicity of novel variants.

Methods
Variants were identified via targeted long-read sequencing (TLRS) of the entire CYP17A1 gene in enrolled 17-OHD patients. The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines were employed to assess the pathogenicity of novel variants. Minigene splicing assays were utilized to determine the impact of variants on RNA splicing.

Results
This study encompassed 26 patients with 17-OHD, detecting 2 trans pathogenic variants per patient using the TLRS method. A total of 20 pathogenic variants in the CYP17A1 were identified, with variant c.985_987delinsAA being the most frequent (28/52 alleles), followed by variant c.1459_1467del (4/52 alleles). Five novel variants including c.280T &gt; C, c.470T &gt; A, c.636_637del, c.866A &gt; G, and c.1095del, were classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic ones according to ACMG criteria. The minigene splicing assays revealed c.866A &gt; G in exon 5 causes a frameshift due to a 104 base pair deletion, while c.470T &gt; A generates 2 transcripts, with the vast majority spliced like the wild-type and a small fraction lacking 35 base pairs in the 5′ flank of exon 3.

Conclusion
The TLRS can determine the cis/trans orientation of 2 distant variants. Five novel pathogenic variants were reported, broadening the spectrum of the CYP17A1 pathogenic variants. The variant c.866A &gt; G, located deep in the exon, affects gene function through mechanisms of aberrant splicing.
Successful Pregnancy in Isolated 17,20-lyase Deficiency Without Glucocorticoid Use or Assisted Reproduction Techniques
Authors: de Oliveira Julia Martins , Genari Celso Monteiro , Sobral Paulo Marcelo , Kater Claudio Elias , Costa-Barbosa Flavia Amanda 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency (ILD) is a partial form of 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency that typically presents with infertility and lack of pubertal development. Successful live births have been achieved using assisted reproductive techniques. We present a case of spontaneous pregnancy in an 18-year-old female with ILD without reproduction treatments or glucocorticoid use. She presented to our clinic with absence of pubarche and oligomenorrhea and had typical external genitalia and complete breast development. Follicular phase progesterone and estradiol were within reference values, and androgen levels were undetectable. Corticosterone was increased, and cortisol responded partially to the ACTH-stimulation test. This profile raised a suspicion for ILD, which was confirmed by the finding of the homozygous p.R347H variant in the CYP17A1 gene. Sex steroid replacement and glucocorticoid use during stress were prescribed. She returned 2 years later 20 weeks pregnant. Her gestation was uneventful, and a full-term healthy male was born. This phenomenon could be partially explained by sufficient estrogen synthesis via residual 17,20-lyase enzymatic activity. Intermittent estradiol use may have favored uterine development and fine-tuned the pituitary-gonadal axis rhythm. Normal progesterone levels may have permitted an adequate endometrial “implantation window” without glucocorticoid use. Finally, elevated corticosterone may have compensated for the partial cortisol deficiency.
Street Scenes: Langston Hughes, Lyric Pop, and Walter Benjamin’s Baudelaire
Authors: Kilbane Matthew 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article frames Langston Hughes’s 1947 collaboration with composer Kurt Weill on the “Broadway opera” Street Scene as a privileged opportunity to explore modern history’s extraordinary claims on poetic language and the limitations of allegoresis as a critical mode. Foregrounding Hughes’s understudied career as a pop songwriter, the article argues that the fragmented, unruly archive of the poet’s songwriting demands to be read allegorically, after the fashion of Walter Benjamin’s writings on Charles Baudelaire, whose own fusion of lyric and commodity forms anticipates Hughes’s pop lyrics. Ultimately, when we position Hughes as a successor of sorts to Benjamin’s Baudelaire, that “poet in the age of high capitalism,” we are invited at least temporarily to relieve the allegorical gaze of its restless search for hidden springs of critical agency and to relieve it, too, of its quest for the consolations of utopia. Hughes’s collaborative work on Street Scene instead teaches us how to locate and extol in seemingly compromised cultural artifacts an allegorical resourcefulness that precedes reception and is in fact synonymous, in Hughes’s case, with poetic making.
Las costuras de Buenos Aires a mediados del siglo xix: Una historia social con perspectiva de género del trabajo de la aguja y el hilo
Authors: Mitidieri Gabriela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hacia 1850, en Buenos Aires, la costura era una actividad que realizaban diferentes personas en sitios diversos. Podía ser parte de un oficio artesanal, una labor femenina, un castigo productivo o una de las tareas que se esperaban del servicio doméstico. Observar esas distinciones y distancias vuelve a la aguja y al hilo un prisma para interrogarnos por las jerarquías sociales –de género, raza y edad– que estructuraron este mercado de trabajo e incidieron en la construcción de nociones de derechos y justicia, así como para identificar el lugar que ocupó este puerto sudamericano en una trama global de procesos de industrialización, nuevas pautas de consumo y movimientos migratorios. A través del análisis de un nutrido corpus documental, este estudio realiza un aporte desde la historia social con perspectiva de género al ofrecer una mirada del período al ras de experiencias sociales de trabajo.
“The Age of Malice”: Estupro, Consent, and the Foundations of Victim Blaming in the Criminal Courts of Buenos Aires, 1853–1878
Authors: Ogden Julia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article examines the judicial treatment of pubescent, female victims of sexual assault in Buenos Aires, Argentina, between 1853 and 1878, dates that span the decades between the national constitution and the adoption by Buenos Aires Province of new penal legislation. Centering the case of 13-year-old Irene Mestosini, it analyzes the prosecution of estupro cases through the paradigm of rape culture and victim blaming. It exposes how, by casting pubescent girls as malicious because of their physical and mental development, authorities blamed them for their assault while dismissing men's aggressive sexuality. By illustrating the ways in which physiological development worked alongside legal cultures, class expectations, and heteronormative gender norms to create a culture of impunity around sexual assault, this article suggests that modern notions of acceptable and unacceptable sexuality emerged in Buenos Aires earlier than in other parts of Latin America, where honor remained a central concern well into the twentieth century.
Colonial Exiles: The Tambora Volcanic Explosion, Environmental History, and Swiss Immigration to Nova Friburgo, Brazil, 1815–1821
Authors: Clavel Damian , Hecht Susanna B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The 1815 eruption of the Indonesian volcano Mount Tambora triggered a subsistence crisis in Europe, especially in Switzerland. This article retraces the founding of Nova Friburgo, a colony in the mountains near Rio de Janeiro composed of several hundred Swiss families, mostly from the rural canton of Fribourg. This study shows how the unusual central European settler migration to the Brazilian tropics was facilitated by a new class of entrepreneurial go-betweens, acting as dynamic mediators between the effects that the climatic catastrophe caused by Tambora had on Swiss agriculture and politics and the development requirements for building new settlements in a metamorphosing South American continent. By positioning Brazil in the broader environmental history of Tambora, as well as the fallout from the Napoleonic Wars, this article sheds light on how the study of climatic teleconnections requires multiple scales of analysis to understand better how the different politics and scopes of action, and sets of unlikely processes, move into play. These teleconnections were, in fact, socially mediated with eventually wide-reaching social and racial transformations that became foundational prototypes for Brazilian land colonization throughout the nineteenth and into the twentieth century.
The Crying Statue in Early Qing Drama
Authors: Kelly Thomas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Should the theatrical fantasy of a statue coming to life involve an actor performing the role of a thing, or a prop taking the place of a human? Proceeding from contests between Hong Sheng 洪昇 (1645–1704) and acting troupes over the staging of the “Crying Statue” 哭像 (Kuxiang) scene in his dramatic masterpiece Palace of Lasting Life (Changsheng dian 長生殿), this article examines how the figure of the living icon became a focal point in broader struggles to conceptualize the relationship between theater and rituals of mourning. Actors staged this complicated scene as an “auspicious sacrifice” (jiji 吉祭), one that foregrounds the transcendence of love over lifeless matter. Hong, conversely, insists on the function of the scene as an “unpropitious rite” (xiongdian 凶奠), a solemn meditation on mortality and the collective expression of grief. By redirecting focus from the object to the space and social dynamics of mourning, Hong questions the drive to bestow on things a life that is not their own.
Validation and Comparison of Common Thoracolumbar Injury Classification Treatment Algorithms and a Novel Modification
Authors: Withrow Joseph , Trimble Duncan , Narro Analisa , Monterey Michael , Sheinberg Dallas , Dono Antonio , Haley Lauren , Cruz Marco Martinez , Zaragoza Jennifer , Li Wen , Quinn John 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The most common thoracolumbar trauma classification systems are the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score (TLICS) and the Thoracolumbar AO Spine Injury Score (TL AOSIS). Predictive accuracy of treatment recommendations is a historical limitation. Our objective was to validate and compare TLICS, TL AOSIS, and a modified TLICS (mTLICS) that awards 2 points for the presence of fractured vertebral body height loss >50% and/or spinal canal stenosis >50% at the fracture site.

METHODS:
The medical records of adult patients with acute, traumatic thoracolumbar injuries at an urban, Level 1 trauma center were retrospectively reviewed. TLICS, mTLICS, and TL AOSIS scores were calculated for 476 patients using computed tomography, MRI, and the documented neurological examination. Treatment recommendations were compared with treatment received. Standard validity measures were calculated.

RESULTS:
Treatment recommendations matched actual treatments in 95.6% (455/476) of patients for mTLICS, 91.3% (435/476) for TLICS, and 92.6% (441/476) for TL AOSIS. The differences between the accuracy of mTLICS and TLICS (95.6% vs 91.3%, P < .001) and between mTLICS and TL AOSIS (95.6% vs 91.3%, P = .003) were significant. The sensitivity of mTLICS was higher than that of TLICS (96.3% vs 81.3%, P < .001), and the sensitivity of TL AOSIS was higher than that of TLICS (92.5% vs 81.3%, P < .001). The specificity of mTLICS was equal to that of TLICS (95.3%) and higher than that of TL AOSIS (95.3% vs 92.7%, P = .02). The modifier led to substantial outperformance of mTLICS over TLICS due to 38 patients (20 of whom received surgery) moving from a TLICS score of <4 to a mTLICS score equal to 4.

CONCLUSION:
All systems performed well. The mTLICS had improved sensitivity and accuracy compared with TLICS and higher accuracy and specificity than TL AOSIS. The sensitivity of TL AOSIS was higher than that of TLICS. Prospective, multi-institutional reliability and validity studies of this mTLICS are needed for adoption.
The T1/T2 Ratio is Associated With Resectability in Patients With Isocitrate Dehydrogenase–Mutant Astrocytomas Central Nervous System World Health Organization Grades 2 and 3
Authors: Weller Jonathan , de Dios Eddie , Katzendobler Sophie , Corell Alba , Dénes Anna , Schmutzer-Sondergeld Michael , Javanmardi Niloufar , Thon Niklas , Tonn Joerg-Christian , Jakola Asgeir S. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)–mutant astrocytomas central nervous system World Health Organization grade 2 and 3 show heterogeneous appearance on MRI. In the premolecular era, the discrepancy between T1 hypointense and T2 hyperintense tumor volume in absolute values has been proposed as a marker for diffuse tumor growth. We set out to investigate if a ratio of T1 to T2 tumor volume (T1/T2 ratio) is associated with resectability and overall survival (OS) in patients with IDH-mutant astrocytomas.

METHODS:
Patient data from 2 centers (Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Center A; LMU University Hospital, Center B) were collected retrospectively. Inclusion criteria were as follows: pre and postoperative MRI scans available for volumetric analysis (I), diagnosis of an IDH-mutant astrocytoma between 2003 and 2021 (II), and tumor resection at initial diagnosis (III). Tumor volumes were manually segmented. The T1/T2 ratio was calculated and correlated with extent of resection, residual T2 tumor volume, and OS.

RESULTS:
The study comprised 134 patients with 65 patients included from Center A and 69 patients from Center B. The median OS was 134 months and did not differ between the cohorts (P = .29). Overall, the median T1/T2 ratio was 0.79 (range 0.15-1.0). Tumors displaying a T1/T2 ratio of 0.33 or lower showed significantly larger residual tumor volumes postoperatively (median 17.9 cm3 vs 4.6 cm3, P = .03). The median extent of resection in these patients was 65% vs 90% (P = .03). The ratio itself did not correlate with OS. In multivariable analyses, larger postoperative tumor volumes were associated with shorter survival times (hazard ratio 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03, P < .01).

CONCLUSION:
The T1/T2 ratio might be a good indicator for diffuse tumor growth on MRI and is associated with resectability in patients with IDH-mutant astrocytoma. This ratio might aid to identify patients in which an oncologically relevant tumor volume reduction cannot be safely achieved.
Preoperative Prediction of Long-Term Survival After Surgery in Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Konishi Takanori , Takano Shigetsugu , Takayashiki Tsukasa , Suzuki Daisuke , Sakai Nozomu , Hosokawa Isamu , Mishima Takashi , Nishino Hitoe , Suzuki Kensuke , Nakada Shinichiro , Ohtsuka Masayuki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Although some clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of neoadjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), its optimal candidate has not been clarified. This study aimed to detect predictive prognostic factors for resectable PDAC patients who underwent upfront surgery and identify patient cohorts with long-term survival without neoadjuvant therapy.

Patients and Methods
A total of 232 patients with resectable PDAC who underwent upfront surgery between January 2008 and December 2019 were evaluated.

Results
The median overall survival (OS) time and 5-year OS rate of resectable PDAC with upfront surgery was 31.5 months and 33.3%, respectively. Multivariate analyses identified tumor diameter in computed tomography (CT) ≤ 19 mm [hazard ratio (HR) 0.40, p < 0.001], span-1 within the normal range (HR 0.54, p = 0.023), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) ≥ 44.31 (HR 0.51, p < 0.001), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) ≥ 3.79 (HR 0.51, p < 0.001) as prognostic factors that influence favorable prognoses after upfront surgery. According to the prognostic prediction model based on these four factors, patients with four favorable prognostic factors had a better prognosis with a 5-year OS rate of 82.4% compared to others (p < 0.001). These patients had a high R0 resection rate and a low frequency of tumor recurrence after upfront surgery.

Conclusions
We identified patients with long-term survival after upfront surgery by prognostic prediction model consisting of tumor diameter in CT, span-1, PNI, and LMR. Evaluation of anatomical, biological, nutritional, and inflammatory factors may be valuable to introduce an optimal treatment strategy for resectable PDAC.
The Effects of Discrete Trial and Natural Environment Teaching on Adaptive Behavior in Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Yanchik Amelia , Vietze Peter , Lax Leah Esther 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The literature has yet to review the differential effects of Natural Environment Teaching (NET) and Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) on adaptive skills. A sample of 142 children diagnosed with ASD between the ages of 16 and 35 months received either DTT, NET, or both interventions (NET+ DTT). The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) Adaptive Subscale and the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) Barriers Assessment were used as baseline and posttest measures. Children who received NET and NET+DTT conditions showed significant improvements compared to the DTT condition indicating that the addition of NET leads to increased adaptive skills and decreased barrier behaviors in participants. DTT may also play a necessary foundational role for children with more significant delays. These results provide support for the use of a combination of teaching strategies in community-based early intervention and refine protocols for teaching adaptive skills to toddlers with ASD.
Increased lipogenesis and lipidosis of gallbladder epithelium in dogs with gallbladder mucocele formation
Authors: Gookin Jody L. , Jewell Dennis E. , Aicher Kathleen M. , Seiler Gabriela S. , Cullen John M. , Mathews Kyle G. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Gallbladder disease in people is frequently associated with disorders of lipid metabolism and metabolic syndrome. A recently emergent gallbladder disease of dogs, referred to as mucocele formation, is characterized by secretion of abnormal mucus by the gallbladder epithelium and is similarly associated with hyperlipidemia, endocrinopathy, and metabolic dysfunction. The cause of gallbladder mucocele formation in dogs is unknown.

Methods
A prospective case-controlled study was conducted to gain insight into disease pathogenesis by characterization of plasma lipid abnormalities in 18 dogs with gallbladder mucocele formation and 18 age and breed matched control dogs using direct infusion mass spectrometry for complex plasma lipid analysis. This analysis was complemented by histochemical and ultrastructural examination of gallbladder mucosa from dogs with gallbladder mucocele formation and control dogs for evidence of altered lipid homeostasis of the gallbladder epithelium.

Results
Gallbladder mucocele formation in dogs carried a unique lipidomic signature of increased lipogenesis impacting 50% of lipid classes, 36% of esterified fatty acid species, and 11% of complex lipid species. Broad enrichment of complex lipids with palmitoleic acid (16:1) and decreased abundance within complex lipids of presumptive omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic (20:5) and docosahexaenoic (22:6) was significant. Severe lipidosis of gallbladder epithelium pinpoints the gallbladder as involved causally or consequently in abnormal lipid metabolism.

Conclusion
Our study supports a primary increase in lipogenesis in dogs with mucocele formation and abnormal gallbladder lipid metabolism in disease pathogenesis.