bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Photocatalytic Ozonation Using Modified TiO2 With Designed Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Sites
Authors: Liu Shaozhi , Zhai Guangyao , Zhang Honggang , Si Shenghe , Liu Yuanyuan , Mao Yuyin , Wang Zeyan , Cheng Hefeng , Wang Peng , Zheng Zhaoke , Dai Ying , Huang Baibiao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic ozonation is considered to be a promising approach for the treatment of refractory organic pollutants, but the design of efficient catalyst remains a challenge. Surface modification provides a potential strategy to improve the activity of photocatalytic ozonation. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were first performed to check the interaction between O3 and TiO2−OH (surface hydroxylated TiO2) or TiO2−F (surface fluorinated TiO2), and the results suggest that TiO2−OH displays better O3 adsorption and activation than does TiO2−F, which is confirmed by experimental results. The surface hydroxyl groups greatly promote the O3 activation, which is beneficial for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, TiO2−OH displays better performance towards pollutants (such as berberine hydrochloride) removal than does TiO2−F and most reported ozonation photocatalysts. The total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency reaches 84.4 % within two hours. This work highlights the effect of surface hydroxylation on photocatalytic ozonation and provides ideas for the design of efficient photocatalytic ozonation catalysts.
Relationship Between Prone Skills and Motor‐Based Problem‐Solving Abilities in Full‐Term and Preterm Infants During the First 6 Months of Life
Authors: Inamdar Ketaki , Tripathi Tanya , Molinini Rebecca M. , Fang Wei , Salgaonkar Arya , Dusing Stacey C. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMotor experiences shape cognitive development in infancy, with the prone position being one such crucial motor experience in the first 6 months of life. Although the motor benefits of the prone position are well‐documented, its influence on early cognitive abilities remains insufficiently explored. This study quantified the relationship between prone motor skills and motor‐based problem‐solving abilities in 48 full‐term and preterm infants aged 3–6 months. Prone skills were assessed using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale's prone domain. The Assessment of Problem‐Solving in Play was utilized to measure motor‐based problem‐solving by observing how motor actions were used to solve toys. Advanced prone motor skills were correlated with an increase in sophisticated exploration skills and a concurrent decline in lower order exploration skills in all infants, with correlations being stronger in preterm infants. Notably, a 1‐point increase in prone skills was associated with a 1.3‐point increase in total motor‐based problem‐solving abilities in all infants. Our findings provide preliminary evidence for the contribution of prone play to cognitive development in infants, prompting considerations for assessment and intervention strategies. Further research is needed to ascertain if the delayed acquisition of prone motor skills is indicative of poor early problem‐solving abilities in preterm infants.
Synergistic photoelectrocatalytic degradation of tetracycline using a novel Z‐scheme Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiNWs heterostructure: Towards sustainable antibiotic remediation
Authors: Dong Yang , Wang Bo , Xie Dongzhou , Lv Jun , Cui Jiewu , Bao Zhiyong , Xu Guangqing , Shen Wangqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhotoelectrocatalytic technology (PEC) is an emerging green and sustainable technology for treating antibiotic wastewater. However, its effectiveness is limited by the recombination of photogenerated carriers. To address this issue, the Fenton reaction, an advanced oxidation process, can be coupled with PEC technology to enhance the oxidative degradation of antibiotic wastewater. This research involved creating a Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/silicon nanowires (SiNWs) Z‐type heterojunction through the spin coating technique, which was then utilized in the PEC coupled Fenton reaction to break down antibiotic wastewater. The inherent electric field and the voltage applied hastened the segregation of e− and h+ within the system. These advantages make the Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiNWs heterojunction highly efficient in removing various antibiotics, including tetracycline (TC), ciprofloxacin (CIP), amoxicillin (AMX), and levofloxacin (LVX). In particular, the Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiNWs heterojunction demonstrated an 82.21% degradation efficiency for TC, exhibiting a kinetic constant (k) of 0.02688 min−1, a rate 2.82 times (4.80 times) greater than that of SiNWs. Experimental findings reveal that Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4/SiNWs exhibit superior light absorption properties and a reduced rate of photogenerated charge recombination. The doping of Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 effectively improves the catalytic performance of SiNWs. This research offers fresh insights into researching PEC‐coupled Fenton reaction methods for the degradation of antibiotics and paves the way for advancing the creation of more potent photoelectrochemical catalysts in the future.
Stable Cyclometallated Palladium Complexes of Arylamides: Synthesis, Redox and Anticancer Activities
Authors: Dolengovski Egor L. , Fayzullin Robert R. , Kholin Kirill V. , Voloshina Alexandra D. , Lyubina Anna P. , Sapunova Anastasiya S. , Shamsutdinova Leysan R. , Rizvanov Il'dar Kh. , Sinyashin Oleg G. , Budnikova Yulia H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAir‐stable cyclometalated palladium(II) complexes with benzamide ligands were synthesized in high yields and characterized by X‐ray diffraction analysis, CVA, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, MALDI‐MS, and ESI‐MS. The electrochemical oxidation of the complexes is reversible in the presence of a quinoline substituent in the ligand and gives Pd (III) species that do not undergo reductive elimination and are detectable by ESR spectroscopy. The complexes showed high cytotoxicity against cervical cancer (M‐HeLa) and duodenal adenocarcinoma (HuTu 80), a human mammary ductal adenocarcinoma line (MCF‐7) and a human lung carcinoma cell line (A549). The possibility of generating reactive oxygen species in solution (such as OH−radicals), which can be responsible for the antitumor activity of the studied complexes, using the ESR method was shown.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Denitrogenative Coupling of Aryldiazonium Salts with Terminal Alkynes for the Assembly of Internal Alkynes
Authors: Guo Ziyang , Xiong Xun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn N‐heterocyclic carbene palladium (NHC‐palladium)‐catalyzed denitrogenative coupling of aryldiazonium salts with terminal alkynes in ionic liquids has been accomplished. This catalytic strategy provides an effective and green synthetic protocol for the assembly of structurally diverse internal alkynes with excellent functional group compatibility and mild conditions. In the presence of 1 mol % of IMes‐Pd‐Im‐Cl2 as the catalyst, a wide range of terminal alkynes and aryldiazonium salts could be excellently tolerated. Basic ionic liquid plays a crucial role in this catalytic system, which not only acts as the green solvent, but also provides basic environment for the carbon‐carbon bond formation process. Notably, this catalytic system could be recycled up to six times and reused without significant loss of catalytic activity.
Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study of underpotential deposition of mercury on iridium metal and iridium oxide
Authors: Nagai Tsukasa , Siroma Zyun , Akita Tomoki , Ioroi Tsutomu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo evaluate the properties of an Ir‐based catalyst (IrOx), which is the anode in polymer electrolyte membrane‐type water electrolysis, a new method for estimating the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) is required. ECSA evaluation using the underpotential deposition of mercury (Hg‐UPD) can be applied to metals and oxides. However, research regarding Hg‐UPD is needed because several Hg(II)/Hg(I) redox reactions occur simultaneously, and direct evidence of Hg‐UPD on IrOx has not been reported. We previously confirmed the Hg‐UPD phenomenon on Ir polycrystalline films using the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) method. However, measurements on IrOx electrodes were not performed. In this study, Ir and IrOx electrodes are prepared by the sputtering method, and their Hg deposition behavior observed by EQCM. We quantitatively confirm Hg‐UPD on Ir metal surfaces and provide new evidence of Hg‐UPD on the IrOx surface. These results contribute to establishing the ECSA evaluation of various Ir‐based catalysts.
Exploring Multi‐Level ETL and HTL Configurations for High‐Efficiency Lead‐Free Cs2AgBiBr6 Double Perovskite Solar Cells: A Design and Simulation Study
Authors: Mishra Vipul Vaibhav , Sharma Anuj Kumar , Siddharth Gaurav , Garg Vivek , Sengar Brajendra Singh 
Published: July 2024

Cs2AgBiBr6 is a promising lead‐free double perovskite solar cells (PSCs) material. Its full potential has yet to be realized due to issues with its large band gap and the optimization of the alignment of the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). The photovoltaic performance of Cs2AgBiBr6‐based devices has been optimized using ZnO, IGZO, TiO2, WS2, PCBM, and C60 ETLs and Cu2O, CuScN, CuSbS2, NiO, P3HT, PEDOT: PSS, Spiro MeOTAD, CuI, CuO, V2O5, CBTS, and CFTS HTLs. It has been observed by simulation study that Cs2AgBiBr6‐based devices exhibit remarkably high photoconversion efficiency when combined with certain ETLs. To better understand the performance, we examine how the best device structures are affected by the absorber and ETL thickness, ETL carrier density, series and shunt resistance, generation, and recombination rate. The findings suggest that TiO2 and ZnO ETLs, in conjunction with CBTS HTL, exhibit good potential for producing high‐efficiency (η > 13%) Cs2AgBiBr6‐based heterojunction solar cells with an ITO/ETL/Cs2AgBiBr6/CBTS/Au device structure. Optimization of the valence band offset (VBO) at the CBTS/Cs2AgBiBr6 interface reveals that reduced VBO value has a beneficial impact on the performance of the solar cell. This modeling work gives a prospective route for manufacturing lead‐free Cs2AgBiBr6 PSCs.
Exceptionally crystalline nature of CrO3‐Cr2O3/Ppy nanocomposite as a prospective photoelectrode for efficient green hydrogen generation in the context of environmentally friendly water‐splitting reactions using sanitized water
Authors: Rabia Mohamed , Aldosari Eman , Geneidy Adbelrhaman Hamdeldein Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis research introduces a novel technique for transforming wastewater into renewable hydrogen gas using an innovative photoelectrode composed of CrO3‐Cr2O3/polypyrrole (Ppy), synthesized through a one‐pot method. The photoelectrode is applied to split wastewater under different light conditions: darkness, white light, and monochromatic light. In the absence of light, the CrO3‐Cr2O3/Ppy photoelectrode produces a photocurrent density (Jph) value of 0.54 mA cm−2, which significantly increases to 0.78 mA cm−2 under white light exposure. The Jph values range from 0.68 to 0.76 mA cm−2 at wavelengths between 730 and 340 nm, showcasing the photoelectrode's remarkable sensitivity. This sensitivity highlights the potential of the photoelectrode to efficiently capture light energy for applications in wastewater treatment and green hydrogen production. By utilizing wastewater as a renewable energy source and employing the CrO3‐Cr2O3/Ppy photoelectrode, this approach addresses environmental concerns and energy needs concurrently. The proposed prototype for a three‐electrode cell aims to directly produce hydrogen gas from wastewater, with the ultimate goal of generating hydrogen suitable for industrial applications. This innovative solution not only addresses wastewater treatment but also transforms it into a valuable source of green energy, emphasizing the potential for positive environmental and energy‐related advancements.
The impact of surprise billing laws on emergency services
Authors: Garmon Christopher , Li Yiting , Retchin Sheldon M. , Xu Wendy Yi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNumerous states implemented laws to protect emergency patients from surprise out‐of‐network medical bills. We investigated the effects of the state laws on emergency clinician reimbursements, charges, network participation, and potential surprise billing episodes. We did not find consistent evidence of effects on prices or charges. However, the state laws resulted in increased network participation and a reduction in potential surprise billing episodes. Our results suggest that the federal No Surprises Act, which is similar to many of the state laws, is unlikely to lead to price increases, but may benefit patients through increased provider network participation and alignment.
The use of thyroid flap for preserving laryngeal function in laryngeal cancer
Authors: Wang Shuang , Yang Xinming , Tang Qinglai , Zhang Ying , Li Shisheng , Peng Xia , Zhu Weiyu , Yin Danhui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPreserving laryngeal function after partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer is an important consideration. Therefore, we examined the use of thyroid flaps for this purpose.MethodsWe analyzed 21 patients who underwent thyroid flap reconstruction after partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2010 to January 2020. All patients were male and aged 51–64 years. Seventeen patients underwent modified tracheocricohyoidoepiglottopexy, and the remaining four patients underwent modified cricohyoidopexy. The thyroid flap was pedicled from the superior thyroid blood vessels. In the modified tracheocricohyoidoepiglottopexy, the flap was turned to cover the area between the tracheal ring and epiglottis to reconstruct the anterior wall of the cricoid cartilage, whereas in the modified cricohyoidopexy, it was turned over between the cricoid cartilage and tongue root to reduce anastomotic tension. A total of seven patients underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery.ResultsThyroid flap reconstruction was successfully performed in all patients. The postoperative hospitalization time was 9–21 days, the postoperative nasal feeding time was 18–47 days, and the tracheotomy tube was removed 30–160 days after surgery. No laryngeal stenosis, flap necrosis, bleeding complication, or dysfunction of the thyroid and parathyroid glands was observed after surgery. Two patients experienced wound infections about 1 week after discharge and were admitted again for antibiotic treatment. After dressing and compressing the neck wound, the patients were discharged. Three patients experienced local tumor recurrence after surgery, two of whom did not receive radiotherapy and chemotherapy after modified tracheocricohyoidoepiglottopexy. No patients had distant metastasis after surgery.ConclusionsThyroid flaps have significant application value in the reconstruction of the laryngeal cavity after partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer. It has high safety and feasibility, convenient surgical procedure, and satisfactory postoperative outcomes.
Toll‐like receptor 13‐mediated signaling protects against the development of colon cancer
Authors: Rafique Asma , Ali Irshad , Kim Seukchan , Farooq Adeel , Manzoor Umar , Moon Jeungho , Arooj Madeeha , Ahn Meejung , Park Youngjun , Hyun Chang Lim , Koh Young‐Sang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAppropriate host‐microbiota interactions are essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis; hence, an imbalance in these interactions leads to inflammation‐associated intestinal diseases. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) recognize microbial ligands and play a key role in host–microbe interactions in health and disease. TLR13 has a well‐established function in enhancing host defenses against pathogenic bacteria. However, its role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and controlling colitis‐associated colon cancer (CAC) is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of TLR13‐mediated signaling in intestinal homeostasis and colonic tumorigenesis using ex vivo cell and in vivo CAC animal model. Tlr13‐deficient mice were prone to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis. During the early stages of the CAC regimen (AOM/DSS‐treated), Tlr13 deficiency led to severe ulcerative colitis. Moreover, Tlr13‐deficient mice exhibited increased intestinal permeability, as evidenced by elevated levels of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐dextran, endotoxins, and bacterial translocation. Enhanced cell survival and proliferation of colonic intestinal cells were observed in Tlr13‐deficient mice. A transcriptome analysis revealed that Tlr13 deficiency is associated with substantial changes in gene expression profile of colonic tumor tissue. Tlr13‐deficient mice were more susceptible to CAC, with increased production of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐12, and TNF‐α cytokines and enhanced STAT3, NF‐κB, and MAPK signaling in colon tissues. These findings suggest that TLR13 plays a protective role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and controlling CAC. Our study provides a novel perspective on intestinal health via TLR13‐mediated signaling, which is crucial for deciphering the role of host‐microbiota interactions in health and disease.
Biocompatibility of mussel‐inspired water‐soluble tissue adhesives
Authors: Menon Aishwarya V. , Putnam‐Neeb Amelia A. , Brown Caitlin E. , Crain Christa J. , Breur Gert J. , Narayanan Sanjeev K. , Wilker Jonathan J. , Liu Julie C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWound closure in surgeries is traditionally achieved using invasive methods such as sutures and staples. Adhesion‐based wound closure methods such as tissue adhesives, sealants, and hemostats are slowly replacing these methods due to their ease of application. Although several chemistries have been developed and used commercially for wound closure, there is still a need for better tissue adhesives from the point of view of toxicity, wet‐adhesion strength, and long‐term bonding. Catechol chemistry has shown great promise in developing wet‐set adhesives that meet these criteria. Herein, we have studied the biocompatibility of a catechol‐based copolymer adhesive, poly([dopamine methacrylamide]‐co‐[methyl methacrylate]‐co‐[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate]) or poly(catechol‐MMA‐OEG), which is soluble in water. The adhesive was injected subcutaneously in a mouse model on its own and in combination with a sodium periodate crosslinker. After 72 h, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks, the mice were euthanized and subjected to histopathological analysis. Both adhesives were present and still palpable at the end of 12 weeks. The moderate inflammation observed for the poly(catechol‐MMA‐OEG) cohort at 72 h had reduced to mild inflammation at the end of 12 weeks. However, the moderate inflammatory response observed for the poly(catechol‐MMA‐OEG) + crosslinker cohort at 72 h had not subsided at 12 weeks.
Psychosocial dimensions of vaccine hesitancy: A systematic review
Authors: Rizzo Marco , Gattino Silvia , Trombetta Tommaso , Calandri Emanuela , De Piccoli Norma 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite widely recognised effectiveness against the spread of COVID‐19, vaccine hesitancy persists. This systematic literature review aimed to clarify the definition and the operationalisation of the term ‘vaccine hesitancy’ and disclose the various psychosocial factors underlying this phenomenon. The results of studies conducted in European countries and in the United States after the vaccines became available were taken into account.The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses statement. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed.efinitions and measures of vaccine hesitancy differed across the studies, limiting their comparison. Nonetheless, by drawing on theoretical frameworks, we were able to identify several psychosocial variables in determining vaccine hesitancy.Our findings point to the need for a transdisciplinary approach to understanding the antecedents of vaccine hesitancy. A better understanding of the phenomenon may help to develop interventions and social policies to address a complex challenge such as vaccination hesitancy.
Community contexts and knowledge: accountability, leadership and meaningful involvement of communities in Programme Science
Authors: Thomas Ruth Morgan , Spieldenner Andrew , Castellanos Erika , Chang Judy , Kim Jules 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionA Programme Science approach that prioritizes populations who will benefit most and ensuring resources are allocated to programmes that meet the needs of those populations will bring an equity focus to research. Gay men and other men who have sex with men, people who use drugs, sex workers of all genders, and trans and gender‐diverse people, defined by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (Global Fund) as key populations, have been disproportionately impacted since the start of the HIV pandemic. Through documenting community experiences from global key population‐led networks, the authors explore the potential value and impact of community‐led organizations and service delivery as critical components in effective HIV and Sexually Transmitted infections (STI) programmes.DiscussionThrough advocacy and research interventions, global key population networks have identified barriers against scaling up interventions for criminalized and marginalized communities, as well as highlighted solutions. The authors examine some of the current barriers to meaningful involvement of communities and the scaling up of community‐led programmes that need to be addressed if Programme Science is to maintain an equity lens and the needs of key populations are to be met and highlight the need to make visible community engagement and participation in embedded research and Programme Science.ConclusionsThe Programme Science approach provides an important opportunity to understand practical issues that will increase effective coverage in the implementation of public health and other interventions, which will require the prioritizing of key populations and their priorities in HIV and STI programmes. It will require extensive time and work to build relationships, increase capacity and share power. Where this has already happened, it has resulted in positive outcomes, including better health outcomes, reduced stigma, increased agency for key populations, and built community‐led organizations and responses.