bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life in patients with acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: a systematic review
Authors: Jiang Melinda , Wang Eugene , Rodrigues Michelle 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) encompasses conditions including lichen planus pigmentosus, erythema dyschromicum perstans, ashy dermatosis, Riehl melanosis and pigmented contact dermatitis. This group of cosmetically distressing pigmentary disorders poses a therapeutic challenge, yet to our knowledge, there have been no systematic reviews published that describe their impact on quality of life (QoL). An electronic database search of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library was performed in December 2022 to search for articles published from inception until 15 December 2022. Articles were included if they (i) were a primary clinical publication, (ii) reported QoL in patients with ADMH, and (iii) were available in full text. Overall, the review highlighted a considerable gap in the literature concerning the impact of ADMH on QoL. Seven studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included, with a total of 259 patients. All seven studies reported impaired QoL in patients with ADMH. The currently available literature on this topic indicates that ADMH has a significant adverse impact on QoL, likely to a greater degree than melasma, and to a similar or lesser degree than vitiligo. Five of seven studies reported the QoL impairment for patients with ADMH based on the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI); these studies consistently found a mean DLQI score reflective of a moderate effect on patients’ QoL. Clinicians must be aware of the significant psychosocial burden associated with ADMH. This impact is often overlooked but should be considered when taking a holistic approach to management.
Deep learning in the diagnosis of maxillary sinus diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Wu Ziang , Yu Xinbo , Chen Yizhou , Chen Xiaojun , Xu Chun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the performance of deep learning (DL) in the detection, classification, and segmentation of maxillary sinus diseases.MethodsAn electronic search was conducted by two reviewers on databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and IEEE. All English papers published no later than February 7, 2024, were evaluated. Studies related to DL for diagnosing maxillary sinus diseases were also searched in journals manually.ResultsFourteen of 1167 studies were eligible according to the inclusion criteria. All studies trained DL models based on radiographic images. Six studies applied to detection tasks, one focused on classification, two segmented lesions, and five studies made a combination of two types of DL models. The accuracy of the DL algorithms ranged from 75.7% to 99.7%, and the area under curves (AUC) varied between 0.7 and 0.997.ConclusionDL can accurately deal with the tasks of diagnosing maxillary sinus diseases. Students, residents, and dentists could be assisted by DL algorithms to diagnose and make rational decisions on implant treatment related to maxillary sinuses.
Hypervigilance to pain and sleep quality are confounding variables in the infrared thermography examination of the temporomandibular joint and temporal and masseter muscles
Authors: de Souza Junior Erasmo Freitas , Pereira Camila Maia Vieira , Barbosa Jussara da Silva , Arruda Maria Jacinta Arêa Leão Lopes Araújo , Pita de Melo Daniela , Bento Patrícia Meira 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Verify whether hypervigilance to pain (HP) and sleep quality (SQ) are confounding variables in the infrared thermography (IT) examination of the temporomandibular joint and temporal and masseter muscles.

Methods
A cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted, collecting HP and SQ data from 80 participants without temporomandibular disorders (TMD), performing their IT and another 40 participants with TMD. For the selection of participants with and without TMD, the TMD Pain Screener questionnaire and axis I of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders were applied. SQ was verified using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. For the HP assessment the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ) was applied. And the IT was performed through a FLIR infrared sensor camera, model T650 Infrared.

Results
No significant correlations were found between SQ and the temperatures of the areas of interest (P &gt; .05), and regarding HP, a statistically significant positive correlation was found with the dimensionless (ρ = 0.289) and non-dimensionless (ρ = 0.223) asymmetries of temporal muscle temperatures. In the temperature comparisons between the participants without TMD and the participants with TMD, significant differences were found (P &lt; .05), also when the group without TMD was controlled according to both HP and SQ (P &lt; .05), with higher temperatures found in the TMD group.

Conclusions
HP and SQ can be considered confounding variables in IT examination of the temporomandibular region.
Thromboembolism after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in atrial fibrillation/flutter: a self-controlled case series study
Authors: Choi You-Jung , Lim Jaehyun , Bea Sungho , Lee Jieun , Choi Jah Yeon , Rho Seung Young , Lee Dae-In , Na Jin Oh , Kim Hyung-Kwan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Concerns about the safety of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) have arisen due to reports of thrombo-embolic events following COVID-19 vaccination in the general population. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of thrombo-embolic events after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with AF/AFL.

Methods
This was a modified self-controlled case-series study using a comprehensive nationwide-linked database provided by the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of thrombo-embolic events. The study population included individuals aged ≥12 years who were either vaccinated (e.g. one or two doses) or unvaccinated during the period from February to December 2021. The primary outcome was a composite of thrombo-embolic events, including ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack, and systemic thromboembolism. The risk period was defined as 0–21 days following COVID-19 vaccination.

Results
The final analysis included 124 127 individuals with AF/AFL. The IRR of thrombo-embolic events within 21 days after COVID-19 vaccination, compared with that during the unexposed control period, was 0.93 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–1.12]. No significant risk variations were noted by sex, age, or vaccine type. However, patients without anticoagulant therapy had an IRR of 1.88 (95% CI 1.39–2.54) following vaccination.

Conclusions
In patients with AF/AFL, COVID-19 vaccination was generally not associated with an increased risk of thrombo-embolic events. However, careful individual risk assessment is required when advising vaccination for those not on oral anticoagulant, as these patients exhibited an increased risk of thrombo-embolic events post-vaccination.
A genetic screen in Drosophila uncovers a role for senseless-2 in surface glia in the peripheral nervous system to regulate CNS morphology
Authors: Lacin Haluk , Zhu Yuqing , DiPaola Jose T , Wilson Beth A , Zhu Yi , Skeath James B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Despite increasing in mass approximately 100-fold during larval life, the Drosophila CNS maintains its characteristic form. Dynamic interactions between the overlying basement membrane and underlying surface glia are known to regulate CNS structure in Drosophila, but the genes and pathways that establish and maintain CNS morphology during development remain poorly characterized. To identify genes that regulate CNS shape in Drosophila, we conducted an EMS-based, forward genetic screen of the second chromosome, uncovered 50 mutations that disrupt CNS structure, and mapped these alleles to 17 genes. Analysis of whole genome sequencing data wedded to genetic studies uncovered the affected gene for all but 1 mutation. Identified genes include well-characterized regulators of tissue shape, like LanB1, viking, and Collagen type IV alpha1, and previously characterized genes, such as Toll-2 and Rme-8, with no known role in regulating CNS structure. We also uncovered that papilin and C1GalTA likely act in the same pathway to regulate CNS structure and found that the fly homolog of a glucuronosyltransferase, B4GAT1/LARGE1, that regulates Dystroglycan function in mammals is required to maintain CNS shape in Drosophila. Finally, we show that the senseless-2 transcription factor is expressed and functions specifically in surface glia found on peripheral nerves but not in the CNS to govern CNS structure, identifying a gene that functionally subdivides a glial subtype along the peripheral–central axis. Future work on these genes should clarify the genetic mechanisms that ensure the homeostasis of CNS form during development.
Exploring the cobia (Rachycentron canadum) genome: unveiling putative male heterogametic regions and identification of sex-specific markers
Authors: Shen Xueyan , Hu Jie , Yáñez José M , Bastos Gomes Giana , Poon Zhi Weng Josiah , Foster Derick , Alarcon Jorge F , Shao Libin , Guo Xinyu , Shao Yunchang , Huerlimann Roger , Li Chengze , Goulden Evan , Anderson Kelli , Fan Guangyi , Domingos Jose A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) is the only member of the Rachycentridae family and exhibits considerable sexual dimorphism in growth rate. Sex determination in teleosts has been a long-standing basic biological question, and the molecular mechanisms of sex determination/differentiation in cobia are completely unknown.

Results
Here, we reported 2 high-quality, chromosome-level annotated male and female cobia genomes with assembly sizes of 586.51 Mb (contig/scaffold N50: 86.0 kb/24.3 Mb) and 583.88 Mb (79.9 kb/22.5 Mb), respectively. Synteny inference among perciform genomes revealed that cobia and the remora Echeneis naucrates were sister groups. Further, whole-genome resequencing of 31 males and 60 females, genome-wide association study, and sequencing depth analysis identified 3 short male-specific regions within a 10.7-kb continuous genomic region on male chromosome 18, which hinted at an undifferentiated sex chromosome system with a putative XX/XY mode of sex determination in cobia. Importantly, the only 2 genes within/between the male-specific regions, epoxide hydrolase 1 (ephx1, renamed cephx1y) and transcription factor 24 (tcf24, renamed ctcf24y), showed testis-specific/biased gene expression, whereas their counterparts cephx1x and ctf24x, located in female chromosome 18, were similarly expressed in both sexes. In addition, male-specific PCR targeting the cephx1y gene revealed that this genomic feature is conserved in cobia populations from Panama, Brazil, Australia, and Japan.

Conclusion
The first comprehensive genomic survey presented here is a valuable resource for future studies on cobia population structure and dynamics, conservation, and evolutionary history. Furthermore, it establishes evidence of putative male heterogametic regions with 2 genes playing a potential role in the sex determination of the species, and it provides further support for the rapid evolution of sex-determining mechanisms in teleost fish.
Mid-term outcomes of tricuspid annuloplasty using the Tri-Ad Adams tricuspid annuloplasty ring
Authors: Lee Heemoon , Kim Jihoon , Jung Ji-Hyun , Yoo Jae Suk 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The Tri-Ad Adams tricuspid annuloplasty ring is a recent innovative prosthesis characterized by a semi-rigid central component and fully flexible extremities. The goal of this study was to assess the short-term and mid-term results following implantation of the Tri-Ad Adams ring.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent tricuspid annuloplasty using the Tri-Ad Adams ring between August 2016 and October 2021.

RESULTS
Our study enrolled a total of 248 participants. The median age was 64.0 (interquartile range: 56.0–71.5) years. The median EuroSCORE II was 4.3% (2.7–7.5%), with 37 patients (14.9%) having a history of cardiac operations. Tricuspid regurgitation of grade 2–3 was observed in 63.7% of cases, and the median tricuspid annular diameter was 3.3 (2.8–3.6) cm. Concurrent procedures included mitral valve replacement (n = 160, 64.5%), mitral valve repair (n = 75, 30.2%), aortic valve replacement (n = 72, 29.0%) and the maze procedure (n = 170, 68.5%). Immediate postoperative tricuspid regurgitation≥moderate was present in 1 patient (0.4%). Early death occurred in 14 patients (5.6%). Major complications included low cardiac output syndrome (n = 18, 0.3%), acute kidney injury (n = 14, 5.6%) and permanent pacemaker placement (n = 15, 6.0%). According to the Kaplan–Meier analysis, the 4-year rates of freedom from overall mortality and moderate-to-severe tricuspid regurgitation were 96.9% and 91.6%, respectively. There were no incidents of tricuspid valve reoperations, ring detachment or significant tricuspid stenosis (trans-tricuspid valve gradient ≥ 5 mmHg).

CONCLUSIONS
Tricuspid annuloplasty utilizing the Tri-Ad Adams ring demonstrated favourable outcomes in both the early and midterm periods. Further studies are warranted to confirm the long-term results.
The antiherpetic and anti-inflammatory activity of the frog-derived peptide Hylin-a1
Authors: Chianese Annalisa , Giugliano Rosa , Palma Francesca , Nastri Bianca M , Monti Alessandra , Doti Nunzianna , Zannella Carla , Galdiero Massimiliano , De Filippis Anna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aim
The high incidence of virus-related infections and the large diffusion of drug-resistant pathogens stimulate the search and identification of new antiviral agents with a broad spectrum of action. Antivirals can be designed to act on a single target by interfering with a specific step in the viral lifecycle. On the contrary, antiviral peptides (AVPs) are known for acting on a wide range of viruses, with a diversified mechanism of action targeting virus and/or host cell. In the present study, we evaluated the antiviral potential of the peptide Hylin-a1 secreted by the frog Hypsiobas albopunctatus against members of the Herpesviridae family.

Methods and Results
The inhibitory capacity of the peptide was evaluated in vitro by plaque assays in order to understand the possible mechanism of action. The results were also confirmed by real-time PCR and Western blot evaluating the expression of viral genes. Hylin-a1 acts to block the herpetic infection interfering at the early stages of both herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 infection. Its mechanism is mainly directed on the membrane, probably by damaging the viral envelope. The same effect was also observed against HSV-1 strains resistant to acyclovir.

Conclusions
The data presented in this study, such as the increased activity of the peptide when combined to acyclovir, a weak hemolytic profile, an anti-inflammatory effect, and a tolerable half-life in serum, indicates Hylin-a1 as a novel antiherpetic molecule with promising potential in the clinical setting.
Gas-phase hydrogenation processes of cationic carbon clusters
Authors: Dong Zhenru , Hu Xiaoyi , Liu Jia , Zhen Junfeng , Qin Liping 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
In this work, the gas-phase ion–atom collision reaction between large cationic carbon clusters and H-atoms is investigated. The carbon cluster cations (C$_{48-2*n}$$^+$, n = [0$-$8]) are produced from the photo-fragmentation processes of large PAH (dicoronylene, DC, C$_{48}$H$_{20}$) cations. The hydrogenated carbon cluster cations are efficiently formed (e.g. C$_{44/46}$H$_{9}$$^+$), and no even–odd hydrogenated mass patterns are observed. The hydrogenation behaviour and hydrogenation rate for these carbon cluster cations are the same. With theoretical calculations, the formation and bending processes of carbon cluster cations, the structure of these newly formed hydrogenated carbon cluster cations, and the bonding energies for the hydrogenation pathways are investigated. During the formation process of carbon clusters, the zigzagged edges gradually increase, and the planar configuration tends towards a bent and folded molecular configuration, i.e. from graphene to fullerene structures. The bending process with higher exothermic energies provides a reasonable explanation for the formation of the ‘magic numbers’ (e.g. C-atoms = 44) carbon clusters and their greater stability. The exothermic energy for each hydrogenation reaction pathway is relatively high; consequently, the forms and the hydrogenated states of carbon clusters are complex. The hydrogenation ability of edge carbon sites is higher than that of internal carbon sites; after bending and folding, the hydrogenation ability of these originally internal carbon sites becomes higher due to structural caged. As a result, under the co-evolution interstellar chemistry network, the (hydrogenation) states and forms of carbon compounds are complicated and diverse in the ISM.
Playing with the Canon: Ḥanafī Legal Riddles of the Mamluk Period
Authors: Mauder Christian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The article investigates the history of the genre of Ḥanafī legal riddles (alghāz fiqhiyya) during the Mamluk period (648/1250–923/1517). It argues that legal riddles did not constitute ‘useless’ knowledge as earlier scholarship on Islamicate learned riddles had assumed. In contrast, the article shows that the Ḥanafī texts under investigation fulfilled important functions in the transmission of canonized legal scholarship, the performance of madhhab identities, the establishment and maintenance of scholarly prestige and patronage relationships, and the legitimation of political rule. The article demonstrates that in order to fully understand processes of transmission and the canonization of legal knowledge, we must broaden our focus to encompass more than the bodies of knowledge used in qāḍī courts and taught in institutions of higher learning such as madrasas. Instead, we should be open to the possibility that Islamic legal learning and its textual tradition were also shaped by institutions and practices that catered at least as much to the curiosity and aesthetic expectations of the people involved in them as to their desire for practically useful knowledge.
A mechanohydraulic model supports a role for plasmodesmata in cotton fiber elongation
Authors: Hernández-Hernández Valeria , Marchand Olivier C , Kiss Annamaria , Boudaoud Arezki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Plant cell growth depends on turgor pressure, the cell hydrodynamic pressure, which drives expansion of the extracellular matrix (the cell wall). Turgor pressure regulation depends on several physical, chemical, and biological factors, including vacuolar invertases, which modulate osmotic pressure of the cell, aquaporins, which determine the permeability of the plasma membrane to water, cell wall remodeling factors, which determine cell wall extensibility (inverse of effective viscosity), and plasmodesmata, which are membrane-lined channels that allow free movement of water and solutes between cytoplasms of neighboring cells, like gap junctions in animals. Plasmodesmata permeability varies during plant development and experimental studies have correlated changes in the permeability of plasmodesmal channels to turgor pressure variations. Here, we study the role of plasmodesmal permeability in cotton fiber growth, a type of cell that increases in length by at least three orders of magnitude in a few weeks. We incorporated plasmodesma-dependent movement of water and solutes into a classical model of plant cell expansion. We performed a sensitivity analysis to changes in values of model parameters and found that plasmodesmal permeability is among the most important factors for building up turgor pressure and expanding cotton fibers. Moreover, we found that nonmonotonic behaviors of turgor pressure that have been reported previously in cotton fibers cannot be recovered without accounting for dynamic changes of the parameters used in the model. Altogether, our results suggest an important role for plasmodesmal permeability in the regulation of turgor pressure.
Enabling science from the Rubin alert stream with Lasair
Authors: Williams Roy D , Francis Gareth P , Lawrence Andy , Sloan Terence M , Smartt Stephen J , Smith Ken W , Young David R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Lasair is the UK Community Broker for transient alerts from the Legacy Survey of Space and Time from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. We explain the system’s capabilities, how users can achieve their scientific goals, and how Lasair is implemented. Lasair offers users a kit of parts that they can use to build filters to concentrate their desired alerts. The kit has novel light-curve features, sky context, watchlists of special sky objects and regions of the sky, dynamic cross-matching with catalogues of known astronomical sources, and classifications and annotations from other users and partner projects. These resources can be shared with other users, copied, and modified. Lasair offers real-time machine-to-machine notifications of filtered transient alerts. Even though the Rubin Observatory is not yet complete, Lasair is a mature system: it has been processing and serving data from the similarly formatted stream of the Zwicky Transient Facility alerts.
A review on molecular scissoring with CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology
Authors: Irfan Muskan , Majeed Hammad , Iftikhar Tehreema , Ravi Pritam Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Genome editing is a technology to make specific changes in the DNA of a cell or an organism. It has significantly altered the landscape of life sciences, facilitating the establishment of exceedingly customized genetic modifications. Among various genome editing technologies, the CRISPR/Cas9 system, a specific endonuclease induces a double stranded DNA break and enabling modifications to the genome, has surfaced as a formidable and adaptable instrument. Its significance cannot be overstated, as it not only allows for the manipulation of genomes in model organisms but also holds great potential for revolutionary advances in medicine, particularly in treating genetic diseases. This review paper explores the remarkable journey of CRISPR/Cas9, its natural function, mechanisms, and transformative impact on genome editing and finally the use of artificial intelligence and other intelligent manufacturing tools used. The introduction provides the background on genome editing, emphasizing the emergence and significance of CRISPR/Cas9. Subsequent sections comprehensively elucidate its natural function, disease modeling, agriculture, and biotechnology, address therapeutic applications, and ongoing clinical trials while also discussing prospects and ethical implications. We summarized the key findings, indicating that CRISPR/Cas9 has empowered the creation of disease-specific animal models. This provides invaluable insights into pathogenic mechanisms and opens new avenues for drug discovery, reaffirming the transformative impact of CRISPR/Cas9 on genome editing. Finally we discussed the importance of continued research and collaboration for comprehensive utilization of the inherent capabilities of this molecular precision tool in shaping forthcoming advancements.