bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing preferences for adult versus juvenile features in young animals: Newly hatched chicks spontaneously approach red and large stimuli
Authors: Freeland Laura V. , Emmerson Michael G. , Vasas Vera , Gomes Josephine , Versace Elisabetta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractYoung precocial birds benefit from staying close to both their mother and their siblings, while prioritising adults, which provide better care. Which features of the stimuli are used by young birds to prioritise approach and eventually attachment to adults over siblings is unknown. We started to address this question in newly hatched domestic chicks (Gallus gallus), focusing on their spontaneous preferences for visual features that systematically vary between adult and juvenile chickens, and that had previously been identified as attractive: size (larger in adults than in juveniles) and colour (darker and redder in adults than in juveniles). Overall, chicks at their first visual experience, that had never seen a conspecific beforehand, were most attracted to the red and large stimuli (two adult features) and spent more time in close proximity with red stimuli than with yellow stimuli. When tested with red large versus small objects (Exp. 1), chicks preferred the large shape. When tested with yellow large and small objects (Exp. 2), chicks did not show a preference. Chicks had a stronger preference for large red stimuli (vs. small yellow objects) than for small red stimuli (vs. a large yellow object) (Exp. 3). These results suggest that the combination of size and colour form the predisposition that helps chicks to spontaneously discriminate between adult and juvenile features from the first stages of life, in the absence of previous experience, exhibiting a preference to approach stimuli with features associated with the presence of adult conspecifics.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Etika Kerja Islam Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus Rumah Makan Rindang 84)
Authors: Cornelia Nova , Bahjatullah Qi Mangku 
Published: August 2024

Cornelia, Nova. 2023, Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Etika Kerja Islam Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus Rumah Makan Rindang 84). Skripsi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Program Studi S1- Menejemen Bisnis Syariah UIN Salatiga. Pembimbing: Dr. Qi Mangku Bahjatullah, M.Si
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Etika Kerja Islam Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus Rumah Makan Rindang 84). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi karyawan rumah makan rindang 84. Data yang didapat selanjutnya diolah dengan cara memakai alat kemudian diolah menggunakan bantuan IBM SPSS 21.
Hasil dari pada yang sudah di dapatkan dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa Hasil pengujian penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Motivasi Kerja mempunyai pengaruh positif serta signifikan dengan kinerja karyawan , Etika Kerja Islam berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, Motivasi Kerja Dan Etika Kerja Islam berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui kepuasan kerja.
Portraying Self-Regulated Learning of EFL Higher Students Post Covid-19
Authors: Mahardika Dimas , Lubis Bambang Nur Alamsyah 
Published: August 2024

This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges related to the techniques of instruction used in the education field during and after COVID-19. This study employed a qualitative phenomenological design. Questionnaires are employed to gather data regarding the perspectives of EFL students regarding the educational process both before and after COVID-19 through G-form. This study was carried out at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, a private university in North Sumatra, specifically in the English Education Department. The findings highlight the critical need to set up dedicated study areas for students engaged in distant learning, especially in light of the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these drawbacks, the post-COVID-19 era produced positive changes by placing a higher priority on individualized training and technological integration.
Evolución de las Energías Renovables Basados en la Optimización Energética en su Relación con el Consumo Energético en la Fundación Albergue para Desamparados Divina Misericordia de la Ciudad de Machala en el Periodo 2023 – 2025
Authors: González Pereira Chessman Chayanne , Pereira Ayabaca Ángelo Rafael , Pulla Carpio Christian Xavier , Veintimilla Ruiz Duver Michael 
Published: August 2024

Esta investigación examina cómo las tecnologías de tipo fotovoltaico en Ecuador permiten la transición hacia sistemas de tipos no convencionales o a su vez sin la utilización de combustibles fósiles. La metodología utilizada consiste en una revisión documental bibliográfica referente a los niveles de radiación solar, producción energética y el impacto ambiental que puede repercutir en determinados sectores del Ecuador, mediante la verificación de proyectos ya sea en diseño o implementación a clientes residenciales, comercial o industriales, orientados a una alternancia de las tecnologías tradicionales. Para el tratamiento de la información se utiliza la técnica de análisis de documentos que permite recolectar datos de una amplia gama de fuentes y a su vez patrones o tendencias. En la mayoría la información hace hincapié a las tres regiones continentales tomando en cuenta que el territorio ecuatoriano tiene valores promedios de radiación solar buenos en la sierra los niveles son más (Brown & Miller, 2017) óptimos que en la costa y el oriente, para ello es el punto de partida para estimar la producción de un sector con miras al cambio de matriz energética , a su vez la las emisiones de CO2 están en niveles bajos con respecto a cualquier otro tipo de tecnología por lo que se vuelve productiva y sustentable.
The Relative Prevalence of Wave Packets and Coherent Structures in the Inertial and Kinetic Ranges of Turbulence as Seen by Solar Orbiter
Authors: Bendt Alina , Chapman Sandra , Dudok de Wit Thierry 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Solar Orbiter (SO) mission provides the opportunity to study the evolution of solar wind turbulence. We use SO observations of nine extended intervals of homogeneous turbulence to determine when turbulent magnetic field fluctuations may be characterized as: (i) wave packets and (ii) coherent structures (CSs). We perform the first systematic scale-by-scale decomposition of the magnetic field using two wavelets known to resolve wave packets and discontinuities, the Daubechies 10 (Db10) and Haar, respectively. The probability distribution functions (PDFs) of turbulent fluctuations on small scales exhibit stretched tails, becoming Gaussian at the outer scale of the cascade. Using quantile–quantile plots, we directly compare the wavelet fluctuations PDFs, revealing three distinct regimes of behavior. Deep within the inertial range (IR) both decompositions give essentially the same fluctuation PDFs. Deep within the kinetic range (KR) the PDFs are distinct as the Haar decompositions have larger variance and more extended tails. On intermediate scales, spanning the IR–KR break, the PDF is composed of two populations: a core of common functional form containing ∼97% of fluctuations, and tails that are more extended for the Haar decompositions than the Db10 decompositions. This establishes a crossover between wave-packet (core) and CS (tail) phenomenology in the IR and KR, respectively. The range of scales where the PDFs are two-component is narrow at 0.9 au (4–16 s) and broader (0.5–8 s) at 0.4 au. As CS and wave–wave interactions are both candidates to mediate the turbulent cascade, these results offer new insights into the distinct physics of the IR and KR.
Unraveling the Mystery of the Low CO-to-H2 Conversion Factor in Starburst Galaxies: RADEX Modeling of the Antennae
Authors: He Hao , Wilson Christine D. , Sun Jiayi , Teng Yu-Hsuan , Rosolowsky Erik , Bemis Ashley R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
CO emission has been widely used as a tracer of molecular gas mass. However, it is a long-standing issue to accurately constrain the CO-to-H2 conversion factor (α
CO) that converts CO luminosity to molecular gas mass, especially in starburst galaxies. We present the first resolved α
CO modeling results with multiple Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO and 13CO transition observations at both giant molecular cloud (GMC) scale at 150 pc and kiloparsec scale for one of the closest starburst mergers, the Antennae. By combining our CO modeling results and measurements of 350 GHz dust continuum, we find that most GMCs in the Antennae have α
CO values approximately four times smaller than the commonly adopted Milky Way value (4.3). We find that α
CO at GMC scales shows a strong dependence on CO intensity, 13CO/CO ratio, and GMC velocity dispersion, which is consistent with various theoretical and simulation predictions. Specifically, we suggest that the 13CO/CO line ratio and the velocity dispersion can be used to infer α
CO in starburst regions. By applying our modeled α
CO in GMC analyses, we find that GMCs in the Antennae are less gravitationally bound than in normal spiral galaxies, which is more consistent with what is predicted by merger simulations. At kiloparsec scale, we find that our modeled α
CO values are smaller than the modeled α
CO at GMC scale by 40%, which can be due to inclusion of a diffuse gas component with lower α
CO values. We find a similar correlation of α
CO and CO intensity at kiloparsec scales to that at GMC scales.
A Breakdown of the Black Hole–Bulge Mass Relation in Local Active Galaxies
Authors: Sturm Megan R. , Reines Amy E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We investigate the relation between black hole (BH) mass and bulge stellar mass for a sample of 117 local (z ∼ 0) galaxies hosting low-luminosity, broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our sample comes from Reines & Volonteri, who found that, for a given total stellar mass, these AGNs have BH masses more than an order of magnitude smaller than those in early-type galaxies with quiescent BHs. Here, we aim to determine whether or not this AGN sample falls on the canonical BH-to-bulge mass relation by utilizing bulge–disk decompositions and determining bulge stellar masses using color-dependent mass-to-light ratios. We find that our AGN sample remains offset by more than an order of magnitude from the M
BH–M
bulge relation defined by early-type galaxies with dynamically detected BHs. We caution that using canonical BH-to-bulge mass relations for galaxies other than ellipticals and bulge-dominated systems may lead to highly biased interpretations. This work bears directly on predictions for gravitational-wave detections and cosmological simulations that are tied to the local BH-to-bulge mass relations.
Star Formation by Supernova Implosion
Authors: Romano Leonard E. C. , Burkert Andreas , Behrendt Manuel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Recent hydrodynamical simulations of the late stages of supernova remnant (SNR) evolution have revealed that as they merge with the ambient medium, SNRs implode, leading to the formation of dense clouds in their center. While being highly chemically enriched by their host SNR, these clouds appear to have similar properties as giant molecular clouds, which are believed to be the main site of star formation. Here, we develop a simple model in order to estimate the efficiency of the star formation that might be triggered by the implosion of SNRs. We separately consider two cases: cyclic star formation, maintained by the episodic driving of feedback from new generations of stars, and a single burst of star formation, triggered by a single explosion. We find that in the cyclic case, star formation is inefficient, with implosion-triggered star formation contributing a few percent of the observed star formation efficiency per freefall timescale. In the single-burst case, higher star formation efficiencies can be obtained. However, while the implosion-triggered process might not contribute much to the overall star formation, due to the high chemical enrichment of the birth clouds, it can explain the formation of a significant fraction of metal-rich stars.
Illumination of a Planet by a Black Hole Moon as a Technological Signature
Authors: Loeb Abraham 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
I show that Hawking radiation from a mini black hole with a mass of ∼1011 g in a low orbit around an otherwise frozen rogue planet, can supply the energy needs of a civilization on the surface of the planet. Maintaining this furnace for more than a few years requires a modest accretion rate of ∼2 kg s−1. The associated technosignature is detectable as a gamma-ray source occulted by a warm planet every 1–2 hr, with no stellar-mass companion.
Galaxy Zoo: Morphologies Based on UKIDSS NIR Imaging for 71,052 Galaxies
Authors: Masters Karen L. , Galloway Melanie , Fortson Lucy , Lintott Chris J. , Read Mike , Scarlata Claudia , Simmons Brooke , Walmsley Mike , Willett Kyle 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present morphological classifications based on Galaxy Zoo analysis of 71,052 galaxies with imaging from the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS). Galaxies were selected out of the Galaxy Zoo 2 (GZ2) sample, so also have gri imaging from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. An identical classification tree, and vote weighting/aggregation was applied to both UKIDSS and GZ2 classifications enabling direct comparisons. With this Research Note we provide a public release of the GZ:UKIDSS morphologies and discuss some initial comparisons with GZ2.
Expanding the Understanding of Stiff-Person Syndrome: Insights from 17 Cases in India
Authors: Jain Rajendra S. , Pemawat Ashish , Sharma Pankajkumar , Nehra Kuldeep 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare and complex neurologic disorder characterized by progressive muscle stiffness, painful spasms, and gait difficulties. In this report, we describe a case of SPS who presented with a relapse while on maintenance immunosuppressive treatment. In addition, we review the literature of 16 previously reported cases of SPS from India, highlighting the diverse clinical features, comorbidities, treatment response, and relapse. The occurrence of paraneoplastic SPS emphasizes the need for early recognition and diagnosis.
Revisiting the Imaging Characteristics of Chondroblastoma with Special Emphasis on Prognosis and Radiological Predictors of Local Tumor Recurrence
Authors: Alothman Maram , Althobaity Waleed , Felemban Abdullah , Gamal Mohamed , Altukhaifi Luluah 
Published: August 2024

Background
Chondroblastoma is an uncommon benign cartilaginous tumor of young adults and adolescents, accounting for 1% of all bone tumors. We aim to analyze the imaging characteristics of pathologically proven chondroblastoma, measure the incidence rate of local recurrence of this tumor, and identify factors that may influence its local recurrence.

Materials and methods
The details of a total of 44 patients with pathologically proven chondroblastoma who underwent surgery and followed up by cross-sectional imaging between January 2006 and March 2021 at the KFSHRC in Riyadh were retrieved from our archive. All available modalities, including plain radiography, CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), performed at baseline and on follow-up were reviewed and correlated with the histopathological diagnosis. Recurrence was calculated from the date of surgery to the date of recurrence or the date of being lost to follow-up depending on the date of recurrence. The statistical software STATA was used to analyze the data.

Results
The tumor recurrence rate was 4.55% (n = 2). Similarly, the residual tumor rate was 4.55% (n = 2). No metastases were documented. The recurrence-free survival was 93.8% at the 722-day follow-up. More than 95% of lesions demonstrated typical imaging features including: a well-defined lobulated margin, intermediate-to-low signal on T2-weighted images, and perilesional edema.

Conclusions
This study emphasizes the imaging findings of chondroblastoma, which classically affects skeletally immature patients. Although imaging findings cannot be used to predict recurrence or survival, we obtained excellent prognosis following surgical treatment at our institution.
An Emergency in the Womb: A Case Report of Ruptured Right Cornual Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Tejaswi Srungarapu , Reddy Annapureddy Tejeswari , Padma Pilli , Vijaya P. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With an incidence of <2%, cornual pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy that occurs in the uterine horn and is not well documented in the medical literature. Because of the possibility of life-threatening hemorrhage following rupture and the delayed diagnosis, this illness presents a significant risk to the health of the mother. Rupture of a cornual gestation may result in significant maternal bleeding, hypovolemia, and shock because of the position of the cornual area on the fallopian tube. With a mortality rate two to five times higher than other types of ectopic pregnancies, a cornual gestation is regarded as an extremely risky and potentially fatal form of ectopic pregnancy. These cases usually manifest later in pregnancy, usually between 7 and 12 weeks, because of the myometrium’s ability to stretch.
Exploring Factitious Dermatitis: A Case Series Unveiling Psychodermatological Insights
Authors: Shekar P Mahendra , Varsha G. , Mohammed Rishi Raj , Sharanya J. , Ramya G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Dermatitis artefacta (DA), or factitious dermatitis, presents a complex interplay of psychiatric and dermatological factors, challenging clinicians in diagnosis and management. This article delves into a comprehensive review of contemporary understanding, emphasizing treatment strategies, psychological correlations, and clinical presentations through the analysis of three compelling case studies. Presenting three cases, each examined after a referral from dermatology to psychiatry, sheds light on the varied manifestations of DA. These cases, spanning diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and occupations, underscore the universal nature of this condition. Notably, each patient’s denial of psychological distress complicates diagnosis and management. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors emerge as a preferred option due to their favorable side effect profile. In conclusion, navigating factitious dermatitis requires clinicians to adopt a nonconfrontational, empathetic stance, fostering a therapeutic relationship conducive to addressing underlying psychological issues.
Predictive utility of the Rockall scoring system in patients suffering from acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage
Authors: Han De-Ping , Gou Cai-Qian , Ren Xin-Mian 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB) represents a significant clinical challenge due to its unpredictability and potentially severe outcomes. The Rockall risk score has emerged as a critical tool for prognostic assessment in patients with ANVUGIB, aiding in the prediction of rebleeding and mortality. However, its applicability and accuracy in the Chinese population remain understudied.
AIM
To assess the prognostic value of the Rockall risk score in a Chinese cohort of patients with ANVUGIB.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of 168 ANVUGIB patients’ medical records was conducted. The study employed statistical tests, including the t -test, χ 2 test, spearman correlation, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, to assess the relationship between the Rockall score and clinical outcomes, specifically focusing on rebleeding events within 3 months post-assessment.
RESULTS
Significant associations were found between the Rockall score and various clinical outcomes. High Rockall scores were significantly associated with rebleeding events (r = 0.735, R 2 = 0.541, P < 0.001) and strongly positively correlated with adverse outcomes. Low hemoglobin levels (t = 2.843, P = 0.005), high international normalized ratio (t = 3.710, P < 0.001), active bleeding during endoscopy (c 2 = 7.950, P = 0.005), large ulcer size (t = 6.348, P < 0.001), and requiring blood transfusion (c 2 = 6.381, P = 0.012) were all significantly associated with rebleeding events. Furthermore, differences in treatment and management strategies were identified between patients with and without rebleeding events. ROC analysis indicated the excellent discriminative power (sensitivity: 0.914; specificity: 0.816; area under the curve: 0.933; Youden index: 0.730) of the Rockall score in predicting rebleeding events within 3 months.
CONCLUSION
This study provides valuable insights into the prognostic value of the Rockall risk score for ANVUGIB in the Chinese population. The results underscore the potential of the Rockall score as an effective tool for risk stratification and prognostication, with implications for guiding risk-appropriate management strategies and optimizing care for patients with ANVUGIB.
Nomogram predicting the prognosis of primary liver cancer after radiofrequency ablation combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
Authors: Shen Hai-Hua , Hong Yu-Rong , Xu Wen , Chen Lei , Chen Jun-Min , Yang Zhi-Gen , Chen Cai-Hong 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
The incidence and mortality rates of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are high, and the conventional treatment is radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE); however, the 3-year survival rate is still low. Further, there are no visual methods to effectively predict their prognosis.
AIM
To explore the factors influencing the prognosis of HCC after RFA and TACE and develop a nomogram prediction model.
METHODS
Clinical and follow-up information of 150 patients with HCC treated using RFA and TACE in the Hangzhou Linping Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to December 2022 was retrospectively collected and recorded. We examined their prognostic factors using multivariate logistic regression and created a nomogram prognosis prediction model using the R software (version 4.1.2). Internal verification was performed using the bootstrapping technique. The prognostic efficacy of the nomogram prediction model was evaluated using the concordance index (CI), calibration curve, and receiver operating characteristic curve.
RESULTS
Of the 150 patients treated with RFA and TACE, 92 (61.33%) developed recurrence and metastasis. Logistic regression analysis identified six variables, and a predictive model was created. The internal validation results of the model showed a CI of 0.882. The correction curve trend of the prognosis prediction model was always near the diagonal, and the mean absolute error before and after internal validation was 0.021. The area under the curve of the prediction model after internal verification was 0.882 [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.820-0.945], with a specificity of 0.828 and sensitivity of 0.656. According to the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, χ 2 = 3.552 and P = 0.895. The predictive model demonstrated a satisfactory calibration, and the decision curve analysis demonstrated its clinical applicability.
CONCLUSION
The prognosis of patients with HCC after RFA and TACE is affected by several factors. The developed prediction model based on the influencing parameters shows a good prognosis predictive efficacy.