bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Longitudinal Study on Substance Use and Related Problems in Women in Opioid Maintenance Treatment from Pregnancy to Four Years after Giving Birth
Authors: Lund Ingunn O. , Brendryen Håvar , Ravndal Edle 
Published: May 2014

Background Women in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) have a past characterized by drug abuse, which is a challenging start for parenthood. Studies of mothers in OMT are typically limited to pregnancy and early infancy. Knowledge about how they cope with substance use and related problems in the years following birth is therefore important. The aims of the study were to examine changes in mothers’ substance use, psychological problems, and other challenges; from one to four years after their children were born, and describe kindergarten attendance and prevalence and type of child protective services involvement when the children were four years old. Method A four-year prospective cohort study of mothers in OMT. The European severity index was used to map substance use and related problems during the third trimester of pregnancy, one and four years after birth. Results At the four-year follow-up, use of illegal substances remained low (4%) and use of legal substances (39%) was similar to the one-year follow-up. The proportion of women with psychological problems was significantly higher than at one-year follow-up (69 vs. 39%, P = .009). At age four, most children (89%) attended kindergarten, and the child protective services were following 73% of the families, mostly with voluntary measures. Conclusion Mothers in OMT cope well with substance use over time, given access to sufficient support. The findings imply that a preventive governmental strategy with close support of mother and child, have a positive impact contributing to making OMT and motherhood more compatible.
ESTRUCTURA Y DIVERSIDAD ARBÓREA DE VEGETACIÓN SECUNDARIA DERIVADA DE UNA SELVA MEDIANA SUBPERENNIFOLIA EN QUINTANA ROO
Authors: Carreón-Santos Roy J. , Valdez-Hernández Juan I. 
Published: May 2014

La estructura y diversidad de una selva mediana subperennifolia se analizó en el ejido Andrés Quintana Roo, municipio de Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo. Para ello, se establecieron seis unidades de muestreo de 20 x 50 m (1,000 m2), dos unidades por condición de desarrollo de la selva (edad de la perturbación): a) incendio hace 10 años (C10), b) uso agrícola hace 24 años (C20) y c) uso ganadero hace 33 años (C30). La estructura se caracterizó mediante la distribución diamétrica y de altura de los individuos en cada condición, así como empleando los índices de valor de importancia (IVI) y forestal (IVF). Pouteria reticulata fue la especie con mayor IVI y Ficus sp. tuvo el mayor IVF, ambas en C10 y C20, mientras que Bursera simaruba y Lysiloma latisiliquum obtuvieron los mayores IVI e IVF, respectivamente, en C30. La diversidad se evaluó aplicando índices de abundancia proporcional (Shannon: H’) y semejanza florística (Sorensen: IS). La diversidad de especies de brinzales, fustales y latizales fue mayor en C10, C30 y C20, respectivamente. Los fustales tuvieron, en promedio, semejanzas florísticas de 60 % entre las condiciones de desarrollo de la selva, mientras que los brinzales y latizales tuvieron menos de 50 %.
The impact of cooling methods on microbiological quality of broiler carcasses
Authors: Popelka Peter , Pipová Monika , Nagy Jozef , Nagyová Alena , Fečkaninová Adriana , Figeľ Jozef 
Published: May 2014

The aim of this work was to compare two chilling methods, combined (aerosol) and water chilling, in terms of their effectiveness in chilling of different weight categories of broiler chickens. At the same time microbial associations of different weight categories of broiler chickens were evaluated. Samples were collected in an approved establishment and poultry carcasses were divided according to weight and chilling methods into five categories. The first four categories were chilled using combined chilling method and fifth category was chilled with water. The temperature of the breast muscle before and after chilling and microbiological parameters (total viable count, Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella) was measured. By comparing the temperature of the breast muscle after combined chilling method was not achieved in the breast muscles temperature below 4 °C in all weight categories. In any case, the lowest average temperature has been reached in the weight category <1.2 kg (4.9 °C) and with increasing weight, the average temperature was rising, and the highest was in weight category 1.8 to 2.5 kg (10.8 °C). Poultry carcasses were subsequently divided into portions and after cutting were chilled up to a temperature below 4 °C. In poultry carcasses chilled by water, the average temperature of the breast muscle after 20 minutes in the water bath was even higher (19.6 °C) compared to combine chilling. Thus chilled poultry carcasses were frozen up to -18 °C in a core of muscles. Comparing the microbiological contamination in different weight categories and chilling techniques, we found that the lowest total viable count (TVC) before and after chilling was in the lowest category and the difference before chilling was significantly lower comparing with all other categories. Conversely TVC after chilling by water was decreased. In comparing the number of Enterobacteriaceae before and after chilling, a similar pattern of contamination as above was found. Microbiological examination of samples of poultry carcasses did not detect the presence of Salmonella.
Detection of native starches in meat products using histochemical Lugol Calleja method
Authors: Pospiech Matej , Petrášová Michaela , Tremlová Bohuslava , Randulová Zdeňka 
Published: May 2014

Starch has been still used in food industry today as one of the main additives in foodstuffs. The reason for the use of starches in foodstuffs is their ability to bind water and to contribute to the coherent structure of the final product. However, the presence of starch in some foodstuffs is limited by legislation. These are especially meat products where legislation prohibits using starches. This study deals with determination of native starches using histochemical Lugol Calleja staining in meat products. The targeted structures of this successive staining are starches and collagen ligaments. Other structures can also be detected, based on the knowledge of their morphology. Within the scope of this study, the possibility of histochemical proof on the basis of reaction between Lugol's iodine solution and starch amylose was demonstrated. From the samples analyzed, the following criteria for the method were determined: Repeatability and repeatability of intralaboratory results was 100%, selectivity was determined to be 1.03, specificity of the method was determined to be 0.9, limit of detection was established to be 100% for 0.001 g.kg-1 of the addition, and 87.7% for the concentration of 0.0001 g.kg-1 of the starch addition. Based on the results it is obvious that the method is suitable for determination of native starches in meat products, and, in combination with staining of other foodstuffs ingredients, it gives a complex view of the composition and structure of the meat product.
Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in bulk tank milk and milk filters
Authors: Bogdanovičová Kateřina , Skočková Alena , Šťástková Zora , Karpí­šková Renáta 
Published: May 2014

This work is focused on the monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus prevalence in raw milk and milk filters, its antibiotic resistance and detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Samples of raw cow´s milk and milk filters were collected in the period from 2012 till 2014, from 50 dairy farms in the Czech Republic. The total of 261 samples (164 samples of raw milk and 97 milk filters) were cultivated on Baird-Parker agar. Both the typical and atypical colonies were examined by plasmacoagulase test and PCR method was used for detection of species specific fragment SA442 and mecA gene. Standard disk diffusion method was used to determinate resistance to antimicrobial agents. The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus was detected on 25 farms (50%). The antimicrobial resistance showed differences between the farms. Total of 58 samples were positive for Staphylococcus aureus, of which were 37 (14.2%) isolated from raw milk samples and 21 (8.1%) from milk filters. From these samples we isolated 62 Staphylococcus aureus strains, 41 isolates bacteria S. aureus from raw milk (66.1%) and 21 isolates S. aureus from milk filters (33.9%). The presence of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates was low, most of them were resistant to amoxicilin. According to the results obtained by the PCR method for the methicillin - resistant S. aureus (MRSA), the mecA gene was present in 6 strains (9.7%), 4 isolates obtained from milk samples (6.5%) and 2 isolates from milk filters (3.2%). These isolates can be considered as a possible source of resistance genes, which can be spread through the food chain. Nowadays, a globally unfavourable increasing trend of prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococci strains especially Staphylococcus aureus is being observed worldwide. The improper hygiene and poor farm management practices contributed to the presence of S. aureus in the milk. This may have contributed to the high level of S. aureus isolated. Improving the hygienic conditions of the milking environment and utensils may reduce the prevalence of S. aureus in milk. Objective of this study was monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus prevalence and determine the prevalence rate of antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus isolated from raw milk and milk filters in the Czech Republic.
Wnt-Responsive Cancer Stem Cells Are Located Close to Distorted Blood Vessels and Not in Hypoxic Regions in a p53-Null Mouse Model of Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Vadakkan Tegy J. , Landua John D. , Bu Wen , Wei Wei , Li Fuhai , Wong Stephen T.C. , Dickinson Mary E. , Rosen Jeffrey M. , Lewis Michael T. , Zhang Mei 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Cancer stem cells (CSCs, or tumor-initiating cells) may be responsible for tumor formation in many types of cancer, including breast cancer. Using high-resolution imaging techniques, we analyzed the relationship between a Wnt-responsive, CSC-enriched population and the tumor vasculature using p53-null mouse mammary tumors transduced with a lentiviral Wnt signaling reporter. Consistent with their localization in the normal mammary gland, Wnt-responsive cells in tumors were enriched in the basal/myoepithelial population and generally located in close proximity to blood vessels. The Wnt-responsive CSCs did not colocalize with the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-positive cells in these p53-null basal-like tumors. Average vessel diameter and vessel tortuosity were increased in p53-null mouse tumors, as well as in a human tumor xenograft as compared with the normal mammary gland. The combined strategy of monitoring the fluorescently labeled CSCs and vasculature using high-resolution imaging techniques provides a unique opportunity to study the CSC and its surrounding vasculature.
Enterobacter
Authors: Coutinho Teresa A , de Maayer Pieter , Jordan Sara , Smits Theo HM 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

En.te.ro.bac'ter. Gr. neut. n.
enteron
, intestine; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
, a small rod; N.L. masc. n.
Enterobacter
, intestinal small rod.

Pseudomonadota / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacterales / Enterobacteriaceae / Enterobacter

Cells of the genus
Enterobacter
are Gram‐stain‐negative, straight rods (0.3–2.0 μm × 1.8–5.0 μm), and the majority are motile with peritrichous flagella. The optimal growth temperature is 30°C, with clinical strains growing at 37°C. They are facultatively anaerobic, ferment glucose with the production of acid and gas, and reduce nitrate to nitrite. The majority of strains are positive for Voges–Proskauer, arginine dihydrolase, and ornithine decarboxylase and negative for indole, lysine decarboxylase, and H
2
S production. The major fatty acids are C
16:0
, C
18:1
ω7
c
, C
17:0
cyclo, and summed feature 2 (iso‐C
16:1
and/or C
14:0
3‐OH). The fatty acids C
13:0
and summed feature 1 (C
15:1
iso H and/or C
13:0
3‐OH) are generally present in low amounts (minimum 1.4 and 1.6% of the total amount, respectively). Genome‐based phylogenetic analyses separate the majority of species of this genus; the exception is
Enterobacter siamensis
for which no genome sequence is available. They are widely distributed in nature, occurring in clinical, terrestrial, and aquatic environments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 52–58.5 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Enterobacter cloacae
AL
.
Klebsiella
Authors: Rahi Praveen , Rodrigues Carla , Brisse Sylvain 
Published: July 2024

AbstractKlebs.i.el' la. N.L. fem. dim. n.Klebsiella, named after Edwin Klebs (1834–1913), a German bacteriologist.Pseudomonadota / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacterales / Enterobacteriaceae / KlebsiellaCells are Gram‐stain‐negative straight rods (0.3–1.0 × 0.6–6.0 μm), mostly nonmotile (exceptK. aerogenes), and are capsulated. Grow on a variety of growth media including meat extract media (exceptK. granulomatis, which has not been cultured). Colonies are smooth, circular, more or less dome shaped, and glistening of varying degrees of stickiness, depending on the strain and the composition of the medium.Klebsiellaare cytochrome oxidase‐negative, mesophilic, and facultatively anaerobic, having both a respiratory and a fermentative type of metabolism. The majority ofKlebsiellafail to grow at 10 and 45°C, while the type strains ofK. oxytoca,K. planticola,K. terrigena,K. ornithinolytica,K. michiganensis, andK. variicolashow growth at 10°C.Klebsiellaare usually positive for Voges–Proskauer test, except strains ofK. spallanzanii,K. indica, andK. huaxiensis. MostKlebsiellamembers hydrolyze urea. Based on genomic sequence‐based phylogenetic analyses,Klebsiellaspecies form higher‐level groups, called theK. pneumoniaespecies complex (KpSC),K. oxytocaspecies complex (KoSC), andK. planticolaspecies complex (KplanSC). Additional species complexes may be defined in the future to accommodate other species such asK. aerogenes,K. terrigena, andK. indica. SomeKlebsiellastrains fix atmospheric nitrogen. Members ofKlebsiellaare considered ubiquitous and have been isolated from diverse sources including clinical specimens from humans and animals (e.g., cows, horses, and swine, monkeys), the mammalian gut, household items, soil, water, and plants. AllKlebsiellaspecies are considered opportunistic pathogens, except for a few specific pathovars, and may harbor a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes. Some strains of the KpSC, called hypervirulent strains, and some toxigenic strains of the KoSC are considered true pathogens.DNA G + C content (mol%): 53–58 (Tm).Type species:Klebsiella pneumoniaeTrevisan 1887AL(basonym:Hyalococcus pneumoniaeSchroeter 1886).
Technical note: An automated document verification tool in radiation oncology EMR: Application for LDR prostate brachytherapy
Authors: Xu Junliang , Zhang Baoshe , Guerrero Mariana , Kalavagunta Chaitanya , Chen Shifeng , Xu Huijun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to illustrate how a script‐based automated tool can efficiently verify documentation for LDR prostate brachytherapy. Methods and Materials: An in‐house Python‐scripts‐based tool was developed to automatically verify the specific checklists, aligned with our institutional practice guidelines for prostate seed implants (PSI). The scripts, compatible with our radiation oncology information system, could be executed with an optional web‐based middleware to access and evaluate Aria documents. Optimized based on data from the previous 400 patients, the automated tool was applied to a random cohort of 50 LDR patients. It evaluated the adequacy of specific EMR documents by performing checks for data completeness, consistency, and allowable value range. We analyzed the efficiency of using this tool against conventional manual checks in two LDR processes: seed ordering and monthly audits for our PSI programs. Results: The automated tool effectively performed chart checks on the involved PSI documents. Human errors, such as typos and inconsistent information, were identified in 7 out of 50 patients during the seed ordering process and in 2 out of 50 patients during the monthly audit. Meanwhile, this automation reduced the majority of manual chart‐checking time by an average of 5 and 10 min per patient for these processes, respectively. The anticipated efficiency gains will continue to accrue as more check items are digitalized and assessable to the scripts. Conclusions: The implementation of an automated tool tailored for LDR prostate brachytherapy has demonstrated its efficiency benefits. Such an approach can help other clinics substantially enhance routine chart checks, periodic audits, and other applications in similar clinical settings.
Auxiliary model‐based recursive least squares and stochastic gradient algorithms and convergence analysis for feedback nonlinear output‐error systems
Authors: Miao Guangqin , Yang Dan , Ding Feng 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThis paper deals with the problem of the parameter estimation for feedback nonlinear output‐error systems. The auxiliary model‐based recursive least squares algorithm and the auxiliary model‐based stochastic gradient algorithm are derived for parameter estimation. Based on the stochastic process theory, the convergence of the proposed algorithms are proved. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithms can estimate the parameters of feedback nonlinear output‐error systems effectively.
Storable Polydopamine Nanoparticles Combined with Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for Photothermal‐Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhuang Ze‐Nan , Qi Yong‐Dan , Huang Qian‐Xiao , Zhang Cheng , Zeng Xuan , Zhong Zhen‐Lin , Cheng Si‐Xue , Zhang Xian‐Zheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhotothermal immunotherapy emerges as a promising strategy for treating tumors. However, the majority of current photothermal immunotherapy approaches do not yet show significant potential for clinical translation. In this study, lyophilized polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles combined with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) are investigated for photothermal immunotherapy against colorectal cancer. By simply mixing with two lyophilized powders, PDA nanoparticles can covalently bond onto BCG to form BCG@PDA. This combination demonstrates a potent photothermal cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by utilizing PDA nanoparticles. In addition, a heightened immune response triggered by the BCG vaccine, as evidenced by the secretion of important pro‐inflammatory cytokines and the activation of antigen‐presenting cells, is observed. In vivo testing on a murine colon cancer model demonstrates that the combined treatment significantly inhibits tumor growth. Further, the lyophilized PDA nanoparticles can be stored at −20 °C for up to 1 year with stable photothermal properties. Therefore, this study not only presents a reliable method for storing the therapeutic PDA nanoparticles but also demonstrates the potential application of BCG@PDA in photothermal immunotherapy for colorectal cancer.
Enhanced Radiation Efficiency by Resonant Coupling in a Large Bandwidth Magnetoelectric Antenna
Authors: Ma Mingyuan , Chen Chong , Xu Huiping , Cao Yanzhang , Han Lei , Xiao Boyuan , Liu Peisen , Liang Shixuan , Zhu Wenxuan , Fu Sulei , Song Cheng , Pan Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMagnetoelectric (ME) antennas hold the potential for significantly advancing miniaturization in radio frequency devices due to their compact size. However, critical hurdles still remain in ME antennas including low radiation efficiency and narrow bandwidth, which prevent them from seeing widespread use. Here, by sweeping the magnetic field to reach a resonant coupling, a significant enhancement in radiation efficiency by 70.95 ± 6.4% in a broad bandwidth ME antenna with 80 MHz is achieved as well as the far‐field radiation patterns are changed compared with that via non‐resonant coupling. The enhancement depends on the relative orientation between the magnetization and surface acoustic wave propagation direction which is dominated by the symmetry of the driving field induced by shear strain. A larger enhancement occurs when the magnetic field along hard axis of Ni due to the matching helicity and larger strain compared with easy axis scenario. This work demonstrates an innovative methodology that significantly enhances the radiation and reception efficiency in ME antennas, which may provide ideas for subsequent applications in communication antennas and magnetic sensors.
Micro/Nanomotor‐Driven Intelligent Targeted Delivery Systems: Dynamics Sources and Frontier Applications
Authors: Yu Yue , Liang Ling , Sun Ting , Lu Haiying , Yang Pushan , Li Jinrong , Pang Qinjiao , Zeng Jia , Shi Ping , Li Jianshu , Lu Yongping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicro/nanomotors represent a promising class of drug delivery carriers capable of converting surrounding chemical or external energy into mechanical power, enabling autonomous movement. Their distinct autonomous propulsive force distinguishes them from other carriers, offering significant potential for enhancing drug penetration across cellular and tissue barriers. A comprehensive understanding of micro/nanomotor dynamics with various power sources is crucial to facilitate their transition from proof‐of‐concept to clinical application. In this review, micro/nanomotors are categorized into three classes based on their energy sources: endogenously stimulated, exogenously stimulated, and live cell‐driven. The review summarizes the mechanisms governing micro/nanomotor movements under these energy sources and explores factors influencing autonomous motion. Furthermore, it discusses methods for controlling micro/nanomotor movement, encompassing aspects related to their structure, composition, and environmental factors. The remarkable propulsive force exhibited by micro/nanomotors makes them valuable for significant biomedical applications, including tumor therapy, bio‐detection, bacterial infection therapy, inflammation therapy, gastrointestinal disease therapy, and environmental remediation. Finally, the review addresses the challenges and prospects for the application of micro/nanomotors. Overall, this review emphasizes the transformative potential of micro/nanomotors in overcoming biological barriers and enhancing therapeutic efficacy, highlighting their promising clinical applications across various biomedical fields.