bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Proverbial Rock and Hard Place: The Realities and Risks of Teaching in a World of Multiliteracies, Participatory Culture, and Mandates
Authors: Jacobs Gloria E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis column revisits the concept of multiliteracies as originally proposed by the New London Group. Particular attention is given to the saliency of multiliteracies in light of the technological and educational policy changes and pressures that have occurred since the mid 1990s. The relationship of multiliteracies to participatory culture and the ethos of Web 2.0 is considered. and a brief review of four recent studies provide insight into how teachers can use multiliteracies to prepare students for critical engagement in the world while supporting literacy development. It is suggested that despite political pressures to narrow curriculum to meet accountability measures, ignoring the promise of multiliteracies places students at high risk for further marginalization.
What's in a Word? Using Content Vocabulary to Generate Growth in General Academic Vocabulary Knowledge
Authors: Flanigan Kevin , Templeton Shane , Hayes Latisha 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe role of vocabulary knowledge in supporting students’ comprehension and understanding of their content‐area reading is critical. This article explores how content‐area teachers can help students become aware of, understand, and apply generative knowledge about English words to grow and develop their vocabularies. Generative vocabulary instruction builds on the fact that most words in English are formed by combining meaningful word parts. Teachers can address this generative aspect directly, modeling and guiding students’ developing understanding of this productive aspect of words. A generative emphasis supports more efficient and engaging vocabulary learning of both content vocabulary and general academic vocabulary. Guidelines for teaching vocabulary generatively are provided, as well as effective resources for supporting teachers’ selection of and information about words and word parts.
Teachers’ Enactment of Content Literacy Strategies in Secondary Science and Mathematics Classes
Authors: Adams Anne E. , Pegg Jerine 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe incorporation of literacy strategies into content area instruction has been proposed as an effective way of improving student learning in the content areas. However, few studies have examined how teachers incorporate content literacy strategies into their instruction and the specific nature of implementation. As part of an ongoing professional development project on content literacy in secondary science and mathematics classes, we conducted a qualitative inquiry which examined the nature of teachers’ enactment of specific content literacy strategies through the analysis of classroom observations, teacher lesson plans, and teachers’ online discussions. Results show that teachers were using content literacy strategies; however, the nature of their enactment of these strategies varied in ways that influenced the learning outcomes. In this paper we describe a framework for characterizing these differences in enactment, provide examples of these variations, and discuss implications for enacting literacy strategies in these different ways.
Synthesis and surface properties of polyurethane end‐capped with hybrid hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon double‐chain phospholipid
Authors: Li Jiehua , Zhang Yi , Yang Jian , Tan Hong , Li Jianshu , Fu Qiang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTo improve hemocompatibility of biomedical polyurethanes (PUs), a series of new fluorinated phospholipid end‐capped polyurethanes (FPCPUs) as blending PU additives were designed and synthesized using diphenyl methane diisocyanate and 1,4‐butanediol as hard segment, poly(tetramethylene glycol), polypropylene glycol, polycarbonate diols, and polyethylene glycol as soft segments, respectively, aminofunctionalized hybrid hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon double‐chain phospholipid as end‐capper. The bulk structures and surface properties of the obtained FPCPUs were fully characterized by 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared, gel permeation chromatography, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, atomic force microscopy, and water contact angle measurement. It was found that the phosphatidylcholine groups could enrich on the surfaces and subsurfaces with the help of the fluorocarbon chains and self‐assemble into mimic biomembrane on these polymer surfaces. These surfaces could effectively suppress fibrinogen adsorption, as evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Our work indicates that the FPCPUs should be one of the most potential modified additives for enhancing hemocompatibility of traditional medical PUs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Spatial variability of nitrous oxide emissions in an unmanaged old‐growth beech forest
Authors: Jungkunst Hermann F. , Bargsten Anika , Timme Marc , Glatzel Stephan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) is a high‐impact greenhouse gas. Due to the scarcity of unmanaged forests in Central Europe, its long‐term natural background emission level is not entirely clear. We measured soil N2O emissions in an unmanaged, old‐growth beech forest in the Hainich National Park, Germany, at 15 plots over a 1‐year period. The average annual measured N2O flux rate was (0.49 ± 0.44) kg N ha–1 y–1. The N2O emissions showed background‐emission patterns with two N2O peaks. A correlation analysis shows that the distance between plots (up to 380 m) does not control flux correlations. Comparison of measured data with annual N2O flux rates obtained from a standard model (Forest‐DNDC) without site‐specific recalibration reveals that the model overestimates the actual measured N2O flux rates mainly in spring. Temporal variability of measured N2O flux was better depicted by the model at plots with high soil organic C (SOC) content. Modeled N2O flux rates were increased during freezing only when SOC was > 0.06 kg C kg–1. The results indicate that the natural background of N2O emissions may be lower than assumed by most approaches.
Double Hydrogen‐Bonding pH‐Sensitive Hydrogels Retaining High‐Strengths Over a Wide pH Range
Authors: Gao Han , Wang Ning , Hu Xiufeng , Nan Wenjing , Han Yanjiao , Liu Wenguang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTraditional pH‐sensitive hydrogels inevitably suffer strength deterioration while the responsive weak acid or base groups are in the ionized state. In this study, we report on a facile approach to fabricate a novel pH‐sensitive high‐strength hydrogel from copolymerization of two hydrogen‐bonding motif‐containing monomers, 3‐acrylamidophenylboronic acid and 2‐vinyl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,3,5‐triazine with a crosslinker N,N‐methylenebisacrylamide through hydrophilic optimization of the comonomer oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate. The double hydrogen bonding hydrogel exhibits both high tensile and compressive strengths over a broad pH range due to the unique ability to maintain at least one type of hydrogen‐bonding crosslink over the whole course of pH change.
Measuring self‐efficacy to deal with infertility: Psychometric properties and confirmatory factor analysis of the portuguese version of the infertility self‐efficacy scale
Authors: Galhardo Ana , Cunha Marina , Pinto‐Gouveia José 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis study explores the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Portuguese version of the Infertility Self‐Efficacy Scale (ISE‐P), using translation and back‐translation of the original version; principal component analysis; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); and internal consistency, and test–retest reliability analyses. A total of 287 participants (156 women and 131 men) seeking medical treatment were recruited from public and private fertility centers. CFA revealed that the single‐component model fit the data well. The instrument showed excellent internal consistency, good test–retest reliability, and correlations with other mental health measures suggesting good convergent and discriminant validity. In conclusion, The ISE‐P is a valid and reliable Portuguese‐language measure of perceived self‐efficacy to cope with infertility. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 36:65–74, 2013
Missing a strategic marketing trick? The use of online social networks by UK charities
Authors: Quinton Sarah , Fennemore Paul 
Published: October 2012

This paper explores the use of online social networks in the charity sector. Twelve major UK charities from a range of sectors and three digital marketing agencies were selected to provide rich interview data on the current adoption of online social networks by UK charities. The empirical findings illustrate the diverse drivers in adopting online social networks including regaining control of a brand, external pressures and gaining new audiences. Levels of usage differed significantly and the resistors consistently cited were the lack of skills and resources. The strategic marketing implications for the development of online social networks are also outlined for the UK charity market. The value provided by this paper stems from exploring the organisational perspective rather than the consumer experience of contributing to social networks, within a context which is often overlooked, the charity sector.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optikdesign mit maßgeschneiderten Freiformflächen
Authors: Ries Harald 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBeleuchtungsoptik lässt sich im Gegensatz zu abbildenden optischen Systemen exakt berechnen. Als Ergebnis erhält der Designer im Allgemeinen Freiformflächen, die mit CAM direkt als Prototyp oder Spritzgussform realisiert werden können.
Die virtuelle Welt real sehen
Authors: Klavehn Andreas , Wierse Andreas 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDie 3D Multimediabrille cinemizer OLED der Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen ermöglicht zusammen mit der Virtual Reality (VR) Software‐Technologie der Visenso GmbH, Stuttgart eine Simulation der realen 3D Wahrnehmung für innovative Anwendungen in Industrie und Freizeit. Sie reichen heute vom Engineering über das Marketing bis hin zu Aus‐ und Weiterbildung und sind inzwischen auch ultramobil verfügbar.
Megapixel‐Wärmebilder mit 1280 × 1024 Pixeln
Authors: Sarfels Joachim 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIngenieure und Wissenschaftler aller Disziplinen erleben eine Revolution von Auflösung und Geschwindigkeit in der Infrarotkameratechnik: Qualitativ hochwertige Wärmebilder mit einer Auflösung von 1280 × 1024 Pixeln zeigen selbst minimale thermische Anomalien und kleinste Details.
Cortical maturation in fetuses referred for ‘isolated’ mild ventriculomegaly: a longitudinal ultrasound assessment
Authors: Miguelote R. F. , Vides B. , Santos R. F. , Palha J. A. , Matias A. , Sousa N. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare cortical maturation between fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly (IMV) and healthy fetuses, and to explore its potential prognostic value in IMV.MethodsThis prospective study quantified cortical maturation by ultrasound in 24 fetuses with IMV and 46 healthy fetuses. Depth and grading the developmental pattern of the parieto‐occipital fissure (POF), calcarine fissure (CF) and sylvian fissure, and grading the Sylvian fissure operculization at 23–25, 27–28 and 31–32 weeks gestation were determined.ResultsAt 23–25 and 27–28 gestational weeks, POF and CF mean depths were statistically lower in the IMV group. The POF and CF depth distribution had a normal distribution in the control group but displayed a bimodal distribution in the IMV group. IMV with progression of ventricular dilatation showed mean depth of CF lower than IMV in which ventriculomegaly regressed or remained stable. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of a CF depth below the fifth percentile to predict progression of ventricular dilatation were, at 28 weeks, 100%, 88%, 67% and 100%, respectively.ConclusionsCortical fissure assessment by ultrasound allowed the differentiation of a subgroup of IMV fetuses with a higher risk of progression of ventricular dilatation. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modification of clarified polypropylene by oxygen plasma to improve the adhesion of thin amorphous hydrogenated carbon films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Aguiar P.H.L. , Oliveira É.C. , Cruz S.A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDespite having many potential applications, polypropylene (PP) has limitations that may make its application difficult when there is a requirement for high transparency and low‐gas permeability. In this context, studies have been reported about the usage of amorphous hydrogenated carbon thin films to act as a functional barrier in polymer packaging. Therefore, this current work evaluated the modification on the surface‐clarified polypropylene (cPP) by oxygen plasma to improve the adhesion of amorphous hydrogenated carbon films (a‐C:H) deposited by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition. However, some applications of these films are limited by the presence of microdefects and low adhesion when applied onto polymeric substrates. So, the surface of cPP was treated with oxygen plasma, and the adhesion between the a‐C:H films and cPP was evaluated. Contact angle goniometry, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used to analyze chemical and morphological changes, respectively. Tape test and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the adhesion of a‐C:H films deposited on a cPP surface. The results showed that the pretreatment increased the adhesion between the cPP and amorphous hydrogenated carbon, which is crucial for the application of these films in packaging with high‐barrier properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Photovoltaics and zero energy buildings: a new opportunity and challenge for design
Authors: Scognamiglio Alessandra , Røstvik Harald N. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTStarting from the end of 2020, all new buildings will have to be Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (Nearly ZEBs—ED 2010/31/EU recast). This new ‘energy paradigm’ might be a revolution for architecture and for Photovoltaics (PV) too, but there are both cultural and technical obstacles to overcome. There is a need to re‐think the way buildings are designed (integrating renewables for being ZE). There is a need to re‐think the way PV is designed in buildings. PV will be gaining an increasing relevance in the ZEBs design, thanks to its features and potentialities (suitability for any kind of energy demand of the building, easiness of building integration, cost). In a ZEB scenario, PV is very suitable for generating energy, ‘on site’ and ‘at site’; this enlarges the perspective of use of PV from the architectural scale to a wider scale, including the space close to the building or even to the urban and landscape scale. In such a new context, the existing research on the relationships between PV and architecture, focusing mainly on the way the PV components are used in relation to the envelope (Building‐integrated PV/Building‐added (Attached) PV), is no longer sufficient. The authors envision possible formal results, opportunities and challenges, for the use of PV in ZEBs, as well as new research issues for the future relationships between PV and ZEBs from the architecture and landscape design point of view. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlating structure and function during the evolution of fibrinogen‐related domains
Authors: Doolittle Russell F. , McNamara Kyle , Lin Kevin 
Published: October 2012

AbstractFibrinogen‐related domains (FReDs) are found in a variety of animal proteins with widely different functions, ranging from non‐self recognition to clot formation. All appear to have a common surface where binding of one sort or other occurs. An examination of 19 completed animal genomes—including a sponge and sea anemone, six protostomes, and 11 deuterostomes—has allowed phylogenies to be constructed that show where various types of FReP (proteins containing FReDs) first made their appearance. Comparisons of sequences and structures also reveal particular features that correlate with function, including the influence of neighbor‐domains. A particular set of insertions in the carboxyl‐terminal subdomain was involved in the transition from structures known to bind sugars to those known to bind amino‐terminal peptides. Perhaps not unexpectedly, FReDs with different functions have changed at different rates, with ficolins by far the fastest changing group. Significantly, the greatest amount of change in ficolin FReDs occurs in the third subdomain (“P domain”), the very opposite of the situation in most other vertebrate FReDs. The unbalanced style of change was also observed in FReDs from non‐chordates, many of which have been implicated in innate immunity.
Cross‐reactivity of a human IgG1 anticitrullinated fibrinogen monoclonal antibody to a citrullinated profilaggrin peptide
Authors: Trier Nicole Hartwig , Leth Maria Louise , Hansen Paul Robert , Houen Gunnar 
Published: October 2012

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune rheumatic disease. It is characterized by persistent joint inflammation, resulting in loss of joint function, morbidity and premature mortality. The presence of antibodies against citrullinated proteins is a characteristic feature of RA and up to 70% of RA patients are anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) positive. ACPA responses have been widely studied and are suggested to be heterogeneous, favoring antibody cross‐reactivity to citrullinated proteins. In this study, we examined factors that may influence cross‐reactivity between a commercial human anticitrullinated fibrinogen monoclonal antibody and a citrullinated peptide. Using a citrullinated profilaggrin sequence (HQCHQEST‐ Cit‐GRSRGRCGRSGS) as template, cyclic and linear truncated peptide versions were tested for reactivity to the monoclonal antibody. Factors such as structure, peptide length and flanking amino acids were found to have a notable impact on antibody cross‐reactivity. The results achieved contribute to the understanding of the interactions between citrullinated peptides and ACPA, which may aid in the development of improved diagnostics of ACPA.
SiO2/MgO coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes in polymer composites
Authors: Nemeth Krisztian , Reti Balazs , Posa Mark , Belina Karoly , Hernadi Klara 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop a talc‐like inorganic coating on the surface of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to facilitate their mixing into the polypropylene and polyethylene matrix. Precursor compounds such as MgCl2 · 6H2O, Mg(NO3)2 · 6H2O, MgO2C4H10 and tetraethyl‐orthosilicate (TEOS) were used to cover the surface of the MWCNTs. As prepared, coverages and polymer composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction techniques.
Photoinduced currents in graphene and carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ivchenko E. L. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe paper overviews experimental and theoretical studies of photogalvanic effects (PGEs) induced in graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNs) by polarized electromagnetic radiation. The following items are discussed: the helicity‐dependent photon‐drag and edge electric currents in graphene sheets, the circular PGEs in asymmetric graphene superlattices and chiral CNs, and pure valley currents generated in graphene by the interband absorption of linearly polarized light.
P‐doped random C20 fullerite – model structure for fullerene‐like CPx
Authors: Czigány Zsolt 
Published: October 2012

AbstractCarbon‐based amorphous and fullerene‐like (FL) thin films have a great potential due to their mechanical resiliency. TEM investigation and interpretation of results from FL structures embedded in bulk phases is not straightforward. Here, a model is presented for description of the structure of FL‐CP0.1 thin films and to describe all the rings in the electron diffraction pattern in a self‐consistent way. The model structure consists of random close‐packed and P‐doped C20 clusters resembling a kind of amorphous fullerite (crystals of fullerene cages). The 10% P doping was implemented by creating C18P2 cages by replacing two C atoms by P in the C20 cage. The simulated electron scattering is in agreement with the experimental electron diffraction pattern and reproduces all the observed diffuse diffraction rings of FL‐CP0.1 at ∼1.6, ∼2.6, and ∼5.9 Å. Simulation of HRTEM images confirmed the amorphous appearance of this nanostructured material. magnified imageA cluster of P‐doped random close‐packed C20 fullerite (right) and its calculated electron diffraction (left) for different average cluster size (expressed in number of atoms).
Comment on “density and physical current density functional theory” by Xiao‐Yin Pan and Viraht Sahni
Authors: Vignale Giovanni , Ullrich Carsten A. , Capelle Klaus 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA recent paper by Xiao‐Yin Pan and Viraht Sahni [Int. J. Quant. Chem. 110, 2833 (2010)] claims that current density functional theory should be based on the physical current density rather than the paramagnetic current density, as in the standard Vignale‐Rasolt formulation. In this comment we show that the claims in the paper by Pan and Sahni are erroneous. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Theoretical computation of low‐lying electronic states of HCNS: A CASPT2 study
Authors: Kong Chui‐Peng , Zhao Zeng‐Xia , Zhang Hong‐Xing 
Published: October 2012

AbstractComplete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) and complete active space second‐order perturbation theory (CASPT2) calculations in conjunction with the aug‐cc‐pVTZ basis set have been used to investigate the low‐lying electronic states of thiofulminic acid (HCNS), HCNS+, and HCNS−. The result of geometry optimization using CASPT2/aug‐cc‐pVTZ shows that theoretically determined geometric parameters and harmonic vibrational frequencies for the HCNS ground state X1Σ+(X1A′) are in agreement with previous studies. The ionization energies, the electron affinity energies, the adiabatic excitation energies, and vertical excitation energies have been calculated and the corresponding cation and anion states are identified. By calculating adiabatic electron affinity, the states of HCNS− have been identified to contain both π orbital states (X2A′ and 12A″) and dipole‐bond states (14A′ and 14A″). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.