bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of hypoprolactinemia
Authors: Urhan Emre , Karaca Zuleyha 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProlactin is a polypeptide hormone composed of 199 amino acids, synthesized by lactotroph cells. Its primary effects are on the mammary gland and gonadal axes, but it also influences different organs and systems, particularly metabolic functions. Current literature has mainly focused on the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of hyperprolactinemia. Due to the lack of a well-established effective treatment for hypoprolactinemia, it is not clinically emphasized. Therefore, data on its diagnosis is limited. Hypoprolactinemia has been associated with metabolic dysfunctions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, fatty liver, dyslipidemia, fertility problems, sexual dysfunction, and increased cardiovascular disease. While often seen as a part of combined hormone deficiencies due to pituitary damage, isolated prolactin deficiency is rare. Hypoprolactinemia can serve as a marker for extensive pituitary gland damage and dysfunction.Low or undetectable serum prolactin levels and the absence of a sufficient prolactin peak in the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test are considered diagnostic for hypoprolactinemia. Gender appears to influence both basal prolactin levels and TRH stimulation test responses. Basal prolactin levels of, at least, 5 ng/mL for males and 7 ng/mL for females can be used as cut-off levels for normal prolactin reserve. Minimum peak prolactin responses of 18 ng/mL for males and 41 ng/mL for females to TRH stimulation can exclude hypoprolactinemia. However, larger population studies across different age groups and sexes are needed to better define normal basal prolactin levels and prolactin responses to the TRH stimulation test.
Using citation-based indicators to compare bilateral research collaborations
Authors: Pohl Hans 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA standard approach to compare research collaborations between pairs of countries is to look at the citations accrued by all publications with authors from both countries. This approach is often misleading, as aspects only marginally related to the collaboration between the country pairs may bias the result considerably. Among them, the main aspect is the number of co-authors. Publications with many co-authors have on average higher citation impact. If the mix of co-publications between two countries has a high share of such publications, the citation impact will likely be high. Moreover, publications with many co-authors tend to include many countries and are thus only to a limited extent characterising the actual collaboration between the selected pair of countries. The purpose of this study is to develop methods for comparisons of country pairs useful for policy makers, who use SciVal or similar tools. Five methods to compare international collaboration are developed and tested. It is noted that the standard approach for comparisons deviates the most. Fractional methods to calculate the citation impact are recommended, as they allow for the use of citations to all co-publications with a higher weight on the citations to publications in which the country pair dominates. As fractionalisation is laborious to carry out based on SciVal data, a more convenient option is also suggested, which is to use co-publications with maximum 10 co-authors. Elsevier should introduce better methods for comparisons of international collaborations and, until this has been made, help its users understand the limitations of the standard approach featured in SciVal. A by-product of the study is that international co-publications deliver a higher citation impact also when publications with the same number of co-authors are compared.
Analysis of scientific cooperation at the international and intercontinental level
Authors: Krawczyk Malgorzata J. , Libirt Mateusz , Malarz Krzysztof 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe studies of international scientific cooperation have been present in the literature since the early 1990s. However, much less is known about this cooperation at the intercontinental level. Very recently Krawczyk and Malarz (Chaos 33(11):111102, 2023), showed that the rank-based probability distribution of the sequences of ‘continents (number of countries)’ in the authors’ affiliations shows a clear power law with an exponent close to 1.9. In this paper, we focus on the analysis of almost 14 million papers. Based on the affiliations of their authors, we created lists of sequences ‘continent (number of countries)’—at the intercontinental level—and ‘country (number of authors)’ sequences—at the international level—and analysed them in terms of their frequency. In contrast to the intercontinental level, the rank-based probability distribution of the ‘country (number of authors)’ sequences in the authors’ affiliations reveals a broken power law distribution.
Social Exclusion Among Older Adults: A Multilevel Analysis for 10 European Countries
Authors: Juma Fernanda , Fernández-Sainz Ana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDemographic ageing has influenced the well-being of the population. Issues that need to be addressed in terms of generating vulnerability in older adults (aged 60+) include social exclusion. Using the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), this study proposes a measure of social exclusion among older adults represented by five underlying dimensions: exclusion from material resources, from social relationships, from basic services, from participation in civic activities and from neighbourhoods. This measure is then associated with individual and collective factors using a multilevel linear regression model, which captures differences between countries and individuals over three years. The main results indicate that being female, having a high level of education, and living in an urban area are significant factors in the risk of social exclusion. Additionally, trust in government has a negative association while the Gini coefficient variable and belonging to Southern and Eastern European countries have positive associations. These regions are characterised by a more family-based, dependent culture, but exclusion in old age is also reflected in different political, historical, and socio-cultural contexts over time, which makes older people less likely to be socially excluded today.
Determinants of academic achievement from the middle to secondary school education: A systematic review
Authors: Costa Ana , Moreira Diana , Casanova Joana , Azevedo Ângela , Gonçalves Armanda , Oliveira Íris , Azevedo Raquel , Dias Paulo C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBecause it is crucial for psychosocial adjustment and lifelong learning, education is the most relevant tool for ensuring inclusion and reducing inequalities. Due to its relationship with positive outcomes, such as life satisfaction, mental health, job performance or SES, academic achievement is a significant phenomenon that impacts students, families, and educational institutions. The present study sought to contribute to the field by reviewing the literature on the determinants that influence the objective achievements of a typical population of middle- to high-school students. Based on the PRISMA statement, a search for related studies was performed in the WoS, EBSCO, and PubMed databases, and 771 studies published between 1930 and 2022 were identified. After screening based on the analysis of abstracts, 35 studies met the selection criteria. The Bronfenbrenner ecological model served as the theoretical rationale for organizing the studies’ findings. The results of this review highlight the following determinants of school achievement: (i) Personal factors—gender, personality traits, cognitive abilities and academic background, motivation and self-constructs, stress and problem-solving strategies, and substance use; (ii) Contextual microsystem factors—(a) Family—parental educational background; parenting practices and interactions; parental involvement and support; (b) School—school location; school conditions, responsiveness, and practices; (c) Peers—peer-group disagreement management. This systematic review updates the existing empirical evidence on this topic and highlights the complexity of the phenomenon of academic achievement.
On the Selection of Catalysts’ Support with High Oxygen Delivery Capacity for DRM Application: Interest of Praseodymium as Dopant of Ceria
Authors: Herráez-Santos L. , Goma-Jiménez D. , Yeste-Sigüenza M. P. , Cauqui-López M. A. , García-García A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the present work, a series of supports with varying compositions (ranging from pure CeO2 to pure PrO2-y) was designed to investigate their ability to release oxygen (with the concomitant formation of oxygen vacancies) under diverse reducing atmospheres: hydrogen (H2), helium (He), and in the presence of a carbonaceous substance that mimics eventual carbon deposits formed under practical reaction conditions (DRM). Oxygen vacancies were generated effectively in all three atmospheres (following the order He < H2 < carbon material). With regard to the influence of the composition, the capability to generate oxygen vacancies clearly increased with the Pr content, for whatever the conditions tested. Notably, the non-stoichiometry obtained with the support of pure praseodymia in both inert and reducing atmospheres is very remarkable, as it approaches the maximum non-stoichiometry value of the well-established theoretical Bevan cluster. This leads to consider this formulation as a very promising support for applications in catalysis and other fields where oxygen vacancies play a crucial role. Dry Reforming of Methane requires catalytic supports that possess highly mobile oxygen, enabling it to actively participate in the reactions step involved or potentially gasify undesirable carbon deposits generated during parallel reactions. Consequently, designing and elucidating the behavior of ceria-praseodymium-based supports with high reducibility and generation of oxygen vacancies (oxygen storage and release capacity) holds particular relevance in this context. Actually, the very preliminary results comparing two counterpart formulations (5%Ni/PrO2-y versus 5%Ni/Al2O3) already confirm the suitability of the choice of pure praseodymia in terms of activity, stability and very high selectivity towards H2 and CO, reaching a very close value to the ideal H2/CO ratio of 1.
Surgery for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort from a high-volume center
Authors: Paiella Salvatore , Landoni Luca , De Pastena Matteo , Elio Giovanni , Casciani Fabio , Cingarlini Sara , D’Onofrio Mirko , Maistri Giulia , Ciatti Ivan , Tuveri Massimiliano , Davì Maria Vittoria , Luchini Claudio , Donadello Katia , Manzini Gessica , Malleo Giuseppe , Salvia Roberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, pancreatic surgery for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) with surgical indications was postponed or canceled. Patients with PNET patients who underwent pancreatic surgery during the COVID-19 restriction period (3 years) were compared with a similar cohort of patients who underwent surgery in the previous 3 years. Data on patients’ characteristics, waiting time, and surgical and pathology outcomes were evaluated. During the study period, 370 patients received surgery for PNETs, 205 (55%) during the first period, and 165 (45%) during the pandemic. A lengthening of the waiting list (182 [IQR 100–357] vs. 60 [40–88] days, p < 0.001) and increased use of anti-tumor medical treatments (any therapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, and somatostatin analogs; all p < 0.001) was found. During the pandemic, surgery occurred after a median of 381 days [IQR 200–610] from diagnosis (vs. 103 [IQR 52–192] of the pre-COVID-19 period, p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences in tumor size and grading distribution were found between the two periods (both p > 0.05), yet only a modest increase of the median Ki67 values in cases operated during the pandemic (4% vs. 3%, p = 0.03). Lastly, these latter patients experienced less major postoperative complications (13% vs. 24%, p = 0.007). During COVID-19, the surgical waiting list of PNET patients was drastically extended, and bridge therapies were preferred. This did not result in more advanced cases at final pathology. PRRT and SSA are valid alternative therapies for PNETs when surgery is not feasible.
Adolescent Social Media Use and Emotional Intelligence: A Systematic Review
Authors: Piccerillo Lidia , Digennaro Simone 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmotional intelligence, which encompasses the ability to perceive, understand, express, and regulate emotions, is recognized as critical to the socioemotional development of adolescents. Despite its significance, the relationship between emotional intelligence and social media use among adolescents remains largely unexplored in the literature. This work aimed to provide a review that examines the association between adolescents’ emotional intelligence, including its dimensions (self-esteem, emotion regulation, empathy), and social media use. An online search of two electronic databases identified 25 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The results suggest that lower levels of emotional intelligence are associated with increased problematic social media use among adolescents, with social media use showing a negative correlation with adolescents’ self-esteem. In addition, difficulties in emotion regulation were associated with problematic social media use, while social media use was positively correlated with empathy. These findings underscore the importance of considering emotional intelligence as a key factor in understanding the relationship between adolescents and problematic social media use.
Adsorptive desulfurization of diesel with modified pig dung: experimental design with optimization, kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics studies
Authors: Agarry Samuel Enahoro , Salam Kazeem Kolapo , Alade Abass Olanrewaju , Oyelakin Micheal Adetayo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study converted pig dung (PD) with garlic (Allium sativum) peel extract (GPE) to adsorbents (dried pig dung (DPD), activated carbon DPD (ACDPD) and GPE impregnated DPD (EDPD) and GPE impregnated ACDPD (EACDPD)), applied in the removal of Dibenzothiophene (DBT) from diesel. The four adsorbent samples (DPD, EDPD, ACDPD and EACDPD) were used for the removal of Dibenzothiophene (DBT) through batch desulfurization process at different experimental condition (dosage: 100 to 500 mg; time: 30 to 120 min and temperature: 25 to 50 °C) and appropriately characterized. EACDPD proved to be an adsorbent that can be employed for the desulfurization of diesel. The optimum equilibrium condition was achieved at 90 min for the removal of 67.76% of DBT applying a dosage of 178 mg, temperature of 45 °C and agitation of 260 rpm for the desulfurization process. The kinetic of the desulfurization process was best described by pseudo second order rate expression while the best isotherm model that best fitted the desulfurization data was Temkin model. The removal of DBT from diesel and its adsorption on EACDPD was an endothermic reaction with estimated change in enthalpy and entropy of 34.41 kJ/mol and 68.69 J/mol K respectively. Characterization showed transformation to the surface of the modified adsorbent (EACDPD) after chemical, thermal and impregnation from amorphous to plat like with improvement in micropore and mesopore of the adsorbent (EACDPD) while it was deduced that the presence of Mg and Zn in EACDPD enhance removal of DBT from diesel. This research is applicable in sustainable development goals (SDG) 7 and 11 respectively.
Empirische Evidenz zum Wissenstransfer zwischen jüngeren und älteren Mitarbeitenden
Authors: Rinker Laura , Fasbender Ulrike 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung: Wissenstransfer zwischen jüngeren und älteren Mitarbeitenden ist wichtig, da er zum langfristigen Erfolg von Unternehmen beiträgt und ein Standbein für die persönliche und berufliche Entwicklung von Mitarbeitenden darstellt. Ziel dieses Überblicksartikels ist es, die aktuelle empirische Forschung zum Thema darzustellen. Dabei wollen wir einerseits zentrale Theorien herausarbeiten, andererseits aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse in einem Input-Prozess-Output-(IPO–)‌Modell einordnen, wodurch Forschungsfoci und -lücken offengelegt werden sollen. Zu diesem Zweck haben wir eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgeführt, durch die wir N = 30 relevante Studien identifizieren konnten. Als vier dominante theoretische Perspektiven konnten wir die Theorie der sozialen Identität, die Theorie des Intergruppenkontakts, das Socialization-Externalization-Combination-Internalization-Modell sowie Entwicklungstheorien der Lebensspanne identifizieren. Wir finden, dass die bisherige Literatur einen klaren Fokus auf die Inputfaktoren gelegt hat, während die Outputs im Vergleich weniger erforscht sind. Auch wurden noch nicht alle möglichen Verhaltensweisen im Wissenstransfer empirisch untersucht. Neben den IPO-Faktoren berichten wir auch die in der Forschung ausgewiesenen Rahmenbedingungen des Wissenstransfers zwischen jüngeren und älteren Mitarbeitenden. Der Übersichtsartikel schließt mit einer Diskussion über bisherige Forschungsschwerpunkte und einen Ausblick für zukünftige Forschung ab.
Site‐Specific Multiple Stressor Assessments Based on High Frequency Surface Observations and an Earth System Model
Authors: Olson Elise M. B. , John Jasmin G. , Dunne John P. , Stock Charles , Drenkard Elizabeth J. , Sutton Adrienne J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlobal Earth system models are often enlisted to assess the impacts of climate variability and change on marine ecosystems. In this study, we compare high frequency (daily) outputs of potential ecosystem stressors, such as sea surface temperature and surface pH, and associated variables from an Earth system model (GFDL ESM4.1) with high frequency time series from a global network of moorings to directly assess the capacity of the model to resolve local biogeochemical variability on time scales from daily to interannual. Our analysis indicates variability in surface temperature is most consistent between ESM4.1 and observations, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.93 and bias of 0.40°C, followed by variability in surface salinity. Physical variability is reproduced with greater accuracy than biogeochemical variability, and variability on seasonal and longer time scales is more consistent between the model and observations than higher frequency variability. At the same time, the well‐resolved seasonal and longer timescale variability is a reasonably good predictor, in many cases, of the likelihood of extreme events. Despite limited model representation of high frequency variability, model and observation‐based assessments of the fraction of days experiencing surface T‐pH and T‐Ωarag multistressor conditions show reasonable agreement, depending on the stressor combination and threshold definition. We also identify circumstances in which some errors could be reduced by accounting for model biases.
Unveiling Soil Microbiome Adaptation and Survival Strategy Under Vanadium Stress in Nationwide Mining Environments
Authors: Zhang Han , Jiao Shuo , Xing Yi , Jiang Bo , Zhou Shungui , Zhang Baogang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the soils of vanadium (V) smelters, a diverse array of microorganisms relies on metabolic activities for survival amid stress. However, the characteristics and functions of soil microbiomes in V mining environments remain unexplored on a continental scale. This study thoroughly investigates the microbial diversity, community assembly, and functional potential of soil microbiome across 90 V smelters in China. Alpha diversity decreases significantly along the V gradient, with V emerging as the primary factor influencing community structure, followed by other environmental, climatic, and geographic factors. The null model reveals that V induces homogeneous selection, shaping co‐occurrence patterns and leading to increased number of positive associations, particularly with keystone genera such as f_Gemmatimonadaceae, Nocardioides, Micromonospora, and Rubrobacter under higher V concentrations (>559.6 mg/kg). Moreover, a metagenomic analysis yields 67 metagenome‐assembled genomes, unraveling the potential metabolic pathways of keystone taxa and their likely involvement in the V(V) reduction process. Nitrate and nitrite reductase (nirK, narG), and mtrABC are found to be taxonomically affiliated with Micromonospora. sp, FEN‐1250. sp, Nocardioides. sp, etc. Additionally, the reverse citric acid cycle (rTCA) likely serves as the primary carbon fixation pathway, synthesizing alternative energy for putative V reducers, highlighting a potentially synergistic relationship between autotrophic and heterotrophic processes that supports microbial survival. Our findings comprehensively uncover the driving forces behind soil community variation under V stress, revealing robust strategies possibly employed by indigenous microorganisms to mitigate the impact of V. These insights hold potential for applications in bioremediation.
Machine Learning Driven Sensitivity Analysis of E3SM Land Model Parameters for Wetland Methane Emissions
Authors: Chinta Sandeep , Gao Xiang , Zhu Qing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMethane (CH4) is globally the second most critical greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide, contributing to 16%–25% of the observed atmospheric warming. Wetlands are the primary natural source of methane emissions globally. However, wetland methane emission estimates from biogeochemistry models contain considerable uncertainty. One of the main sources of this uncertainty arises from the numerous uncertain model parameters within various physical, biological, and chemical processes that influence methane production, oxidation, and transport. Sensitivity Analysis (SA) can help identify critical parameters for methane emission and achieve reduced biases and uncertainties in future projections. This study performs SA for 19 selected parameters responsible for critical biogeochemical processes in the methane module of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) land model (ELM). The impact of these parameters on various CH4 fluxes is examined at 14 FLUXNET‐ CH4 sites with diverse vegetation types. Given the extensive number of model simulations needed for global variance‐based SA, we employ a machine learning (ML) algorithm to emulate the complex behavior of ELM methane biogeochemistry. We found that parameters linked to CH4 production and diffusion generally present the highest sensitivities despite apparent seasonal variation. Comparing simulated emissions from perturbed parameter sets against FLUXNET‐CH4 observations revealed that better performances can be achieved at each site compared to the default parameter values. This presents a scope for further improving simulated emissions using parameter calibration with advanced optimization techniques.