bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Degradable polyurethane foams based on disaccharides
Authors: Savelyev Yuri , Markovskaya Lyudmila , Savelyeva Olga , Akhranovich Elena , Parkhomenko Natalia , Travinskaya Tamara 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTNew functional elastic polyurethane foams (PUF) degradable under environmental abiotic and biotic factors, retaining all the inherent properties of the conventional foams were synthesized using isocyanate precursors based on disaccharides (DS): lactose, maltose and saccharose. It was shown by the model reactions of monosaccharide glucose, and DS lactose and saccharose, with phenylisocyanate that both the primary and secondary hydroxyls of the carbohydrates reacted to form urethanes. The main properties of DS‐based foams (PUF/DS) were found to be similar to PUF foam (matrix) prepared with conventional polyols. However, the new PUF/DS were found to undergo enhanced acid/alkaline hydrolysis and degradation compared with PUF matrix when incubated in soil. Mass losses of incubated PUF/DSs significantly exceeded the actual carbohydrate content 28.6%, and in 12 months reached 39.58 (PUF‐4), 53.31(PUF‐8), and 47.25 (PUF‐12). In contrast, under the same conditions PUF matrix lost only 2–2.5%, confirming that incorporation of natural compounds into the polymer chain impacted the degradation processes. PUF/DS were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, ebullioscopy, and exclusion chromatography (molecular masses and molecular mass distribution of the oligomeric model), physical and mechanical tests (density, tensile strength, relative elongation, moisture absorption, vapor permeability), morphology, and degradation in the soil. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42131.
The impact of extratropics‐arctic‐seesaw of perturbation potential energy on surface air temperature in boreal winters
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Zhanggui , Li Jianping , Zheng Fei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSeesaw pattern of the perturbation potential energy in the extratropics and the Arctic (defined as PEAS) is observed. The PEAS is closely related to the Arctic Oscillation, kinetic energy and zonal wind in the middle‐ and high‐latitude. The PEAS may influence atmospheric circulation via northern migration of anomalous Ferrel cell, accompanying by suppressed subtropical jet stream and enhanced polar jet stream. Anomalous warm conditions associated with the PEAS are observed in high‐latitude of Eurasia, whereas cold anomalies are presented in Greenland, northeast Africa and southwest China, which is mainly attributed to the horizontal temperature advection.
A novel colorimetric fluoride sensor based on a semi‐rigid chromophore controlled by hydrogen bonding
Authors: Li Jiling , Xu Xiaoyong , Shao Xusheng , Li Zhong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA novel semi‐rigid latent chromophore E1, containing an amide subunit activated by an adjacent semi‐rigid intramolecular hydrogen‐bonding (IHB) unit, was designed for the detection of fluoride ion by the ‘naked‐eye’ in CH3CN. Comparative studies on structural analogs (E2, E3, and E4) provided significant insight into the structural and functional role of the amide N–H and IHB segment in the selective recognition of fluoride ions. The deprotonation of the amide N–H followed by the enhancement of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) induced the colorimetric detection of E1 for fluoride ion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Educational awareness of biotechnology issues among undergraduate students at the united arab emirates university
Authors: AbuQamar Synan , Alshannag Qasim , Sartawi Abdelaziz , Iratni Rabah 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDue to its valuable benefits and potential risks, there is a progressing debate among opponents and proponents of biotechnology in recent decades. Previous studies have shown that lack of knowledge about biotechnology remains the concern about genetically modified organisms/food (GMO/GMF). This study assessed levels of educational awareness perceptions and attitudes of United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) students towards biotechnology. An electronic survey including literacy, environmental, social, and economic domains associated with biotechnology was administered to obtain data from undergraduate students in different colleges of the university. Responses from students (n = 1,104) were gathered and statistically analyzed. Results indicated that educational awareness in biotechnology literacy and environmental domains were significantly different according to the enrolled college and the academic achievement of the student. In general, a poor overall performance of our students' understanding was concluded. Aware groups most likely accepted accurate biotechnology information delivered by reliable sources from internet or lectures; they grasped their knowledge from surrounding people as a secondary source. Since UAEU students have several concept misunderstandings of biotechnology and its ethics, our results suggest that awareness plays a crucial role in forming a “clear‐cut” opinion about this technology. Because education can shape public attitudes toward biotechnology, priorities on university curricula and teaching strategies should be extensively given, and therefore, improve in respect to this topic. Ultimately, this promotes the students' perception in understanding the new technology. © 2015 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 43(4):283–293, 2015.
The role of ghrelin on apoptosis, cell proliferation and oxidant‐antioxidant system in the liver of neonatal diabetic rats
Authors: Koyuturk Meral , Sacan Ozlem , Karabulut Sezin , Turk Neslihan , Bolkent Sehnaz , Yanardag Refiye , Bolkent Sema 
Published: March 2015

AbstractGhrelin is a multifunctional peptide hormone which stimulates appetite and regulates glucose metabolism and adipogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ghrelin has protective effects in the liver of streptozocin (STZ) diabetic rats or not. Wistar‐type neonatal rats were divided into four groups: I. Controls, II. Ghrelin administrated controls, III. STZ‐diabetic rats, and IV. Ghrelin administrated diabetic rats. On the second day after birth, 100 mg/kg STZ was administered intraperitoneally in a single dose to induce diabetes in rats. 100 µg/kg/day ghrelin was administrated to rats subcutaneously for 4 weeks. Ghrelin administration improved histopathologic changes in STZ‐diabetic liver. Obestatin immunoreactivity has been shown in livers of neonatal rats. The immunoreactivity of obestatin increased in diabetic rats and a decline was observed in ghrelin administrated diabetic rats. Caspase 8 and 3 immunoreactivities increased in diabetic rats; however, ghrelin administration differently affected caspases 8 and 3 immunoreactivities. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunoreactivities decreased in diabetic rats and in ghrelin administrated diabetic rats. Serum alanine (P < 0.05) and aspartate transaminase (P < 0.0001) and serum alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.0001) activities were decreased in ghrelin administrated diabetic rats compared to the diabetic rats. Gamma glutamyl transferase activity (P < 0.001) decreased in ghrelin administrated diabetic rats compared to the diabetic rats. The response of antioxidants including glutathione levels, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were altered in ghrelin administrated diabetic rats. Our findings indicate that ghrelin administration affects hepatic functions in neonatal diabetic rats and might be considered as a therapeutic agent.
Answer the call: Let's make 2015 the year of magical thinking in CTOPCI
Authors: Heuser Richard R. 
Published: March 2015

Key Points

Prevalence of chronic total occlusions (CTO's) is as high as 50% in angiographic series
Patients are helped with successful recanalization of CTO's
In spite of current improved success rates in CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), only 10–12% of CTO's are currently attempted
Strategy for a Scale‐up Correlation in a Dissolved Air Flotation Chamber
Authors: de Souza Vasconcelos Robson , da S. Henauth Rosangela Cristine , de Moura Alex Elton , dos Santos Valdemir Alexandre , Asfora Sarubbo Leonie 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBeginning with a laboratory‐scale physical model, a scale‐up correlation for a pilot unit project was determined based on the analysis of dynamic similarity correlations involving the predominant phenomena of a dissolved air flotation (DAF) chamber. The implantation costs of pilot units require special strategies due to the lack of correlations of this type, as novel flotation methods have been considered strictly from an economic standpoint. With the aid of computational fluid dynamics and videos of microbubble and floc flow, inertia and gravity were identified as the predominant phenomena in a DAF chamber. The strategy described herein is simple and reduces the likelihood of future risks in scale‐up investments.
ChemInform Abstract: Transport Properties of the SnBi2Te4—PbBi2Te4 Solid Solution.
Authors: Pan Lin , Li Jing , Berardan David , Dragoe Nita 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe Sn1‐xPbxBi2Te4 solid solution is characterized by XRD, Hall, Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: MnTaO2N: Polar LiNbO3‐Type Oxynitride with a Helical Spin Order.
Authors: Kageyama Hiroshi , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe polar and magnetic MnTaO2N is prepared by high‐pressure synthesis using stoichiometric amounts of TaON and MnO (Pt cell in cubic anvil press, 6 GPa, 1400 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: The Ho—Ni—Ge System: Isothermal Section and New Rare‐Earth Nickel Germanides.
Authors: Morozkin A. V. , Knotko A. V. , Yapaskurt V. O. , Yuan Fang , Mozharivskyj Y. , Pani M. , Provino A. , Manfrinetti P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe title system is characterized at 1070 K and up to about 60 at.% Ho by XRD, microprobe analyses and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphate Enriched Polyoxometalate Based Ionic Salts for Proton Conduction.
Authors: Dey Chandan , Kundu Tanay , Aiyappa Harshitha Barike , Banerjee Rahul 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA series of [NiMo12O30(PO4)8]n‐ (Ni‐POM) anion and organic cation based ionic composites are prepared under hydrothermal conditions using an EtOH solution of (MoO3)12·H3PO4, conc.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure Analysis of Li2NaBP2O8 and LiNa2B5P2O14.
Authors: Hasegawa Toru , Yamane Hisanori 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of Li2NaBP2O8 (I) and LiNa2B5P2O14 (II) are prepared by calcination in air of a 1:2:1:2 molar mixture of Li2CO3, Na2CO3, H3BO3, and NH4H2PO4 (Pt plate heater, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Bis(indole) Alkaloids from Arundo donax: The Ynindole Diels—Alder Reaction, Conformational Chirality, and Absolute Stereochemistry.
Authors: Chen Jingjin , Ferreira Andrew J. , Beaudry Christopher M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe synthesis of Arundo donax alkaloids such as (III) is developed based on the first Diels—Alder reaction of the ynindole functional group.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Approach to Arylated Furans, Pyrroles, and Thiophenes.
Authors: Zheng Qingwei , Hua Ruimao , Jiang Jianhua , Zhang Lei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTitle compounds are prepared from 1,4‐diaryl‐1,3‐butadiynes (I) by reaction with H2O, primary amines (III) or Na2S, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthesis of α′‐Hydroxydienones.
Authors: Tata Rama Rao , Hampton Carissa S. , Altenhofer Erich F. , Topinka Michael , Ying Weijiang , Gao Xuefeng , Harmata Michael 
Published: March 2015

AbstractOxidation of readily prepared allenols with PCC affords α′‐hydroxydienones rather than simple oxidation products.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Oxidation of Sulfides with H2O2 Catalyzed by a Pre‐Formed Manganese Complex.
Authors: Dai Wen , Li Guosong , Wang Lianyue , Chen Bo , Shang Sensen , Lv Ying , Gao Shuang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis highly enantioselective asymmetric oxidation can also be applied to the synthesis of esomeprazole, which is a chiral proton pump inhibitor.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Methylamines under Metal‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Blondiaux Enguerrand , Pouessel Jacky , Cantat Thibault 
Published: March 2015

AbstractUsing Verkade′s superbase (VBM) as catalyst, a number of secondary and primary amines can be methylated and dimethylated with CO2/9‐BBN dimer even in the presence of some reducible groups or groups prone to methylation.
ChemInform Abstract: NHC Catalyzed Trimethylsilylation of Terminal Alkynes and Indoles with Ruppert′s Reagent under Solvent Free Conditions.
Authors: Arde Panjab , Reddy Virsinha , Vijaya Anand Ramasamy 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHigh yields of the products (III), (V), (VII), low catalyst loading, less reaction time, and simple workup are the prominent features of the introduced methodology.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Oxidative C—H Arylation of Heterocycle Embedded Thiophene/Furan with Aryl Boronic Acid/Ester.
Authors: Srinivasan R. , Senthil Kumaran R. , Nagarajan N. S. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe reaction proceeds with high C‐5 regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Linear‐Selective Hydroarylation of Unactivated Terminal and Internal Olefins with Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Arenes.
Authors: Bair Joseph S. , Schramm York , Sergeev Alexey G. , Clot Eric , Eisenstein Odile , Hartwig John F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe products are contaminated with 1‐3% of the corresponding branched adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: One Pot and Selective Intermolecular Aryl‐ and Heteroaryl‐trifluoromethylation of Alkenes by Photoredox Catalysis.
Authors: Carboni Aude , Dagousset Guillaume , Magnier Emmanuel , Masson Geraldine 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe transformation of internal as well as terminal alkenes proceeds with high regioselectivity and low to moderate E/Z‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Aryl Cyclopentene Scaffolds by Heck‐Matsuda Desymmetrization of 3‐Cyclopentenol.
Authors: Angnes Ricardo A. , Oliveira Juliana M. , Oliveira Caio C. , Martins Nelson C. , Correia Carlos Roque D. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe hydroxy group of 3‐cyclopentenol (I) acts as a directing group in the coupling reactions with arenediazonium salts (II) and is responsible for the cis‐configuration of the 4‐arylcyclopentenols (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Fulvenes: [3 + 2] Annulation of Ethyl α‐Chlorocyclopropaneformates with 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Zhu Yuequan , Zhang Min , Yuan Hongling , Gong Yuefa 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis method is suitable for the synthesis of a variety of fulvene derivatives, though not all 1,3‐dicarbonyl substrates yield the desired product, e.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Aryl C—H Olefination with Unactivated, Aliphatic Alkenes.
Authors: Deb Arghya , Bag Sukdev , Kancherla Rajesh , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis Pd‐catalyzed, chelation‐assisted C‐H olefination between unactivated, aliphatic olefins and phenylacetic acid substrates reveals a broad substrate scope, which is enabled by a bidendate directing group together with the use of the racemic binaphthyl ligand to enhance the catalytic activity of the Pd(II) species.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbohydrate‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes for Enantioselective Catalysis.
Authors: Henderson Alexander S. , Bower John F. , Galan M. Carmen 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA series of carbohydrate‐based imidazolium and imidazolinium ligands is prepared and incorporated into Rh(I) complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Metallacrown Ether Catalysts Containing Phosphine‐Phosphite Polyether Ligands for Rh‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation — Enhancements in Activity and Enantioselectivity.
Authors: Song Feng‐Tao , Ouyang Guang‐Hui , Li Yong , He Yan‐Mei , Fan Qing‐Hua 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNovel polyEther podand ligands containing R‐BINOL and triphenylphosphine derived terminal oxygen substituents are developed and successfully applied as ligands for the asymmetric Rh‐catalyzed hydrogenation of α‐arylenamides.
ChemInform Abstract: Double Oxidation of α‐(Alkylideneamino)nitriles to Imides by Molecular Oxygen under Mild Basic Conditions.
Authors: Zhang Yu , Pan Ling , Zou Yunjia , Xu Xianxiu , Liu Qun 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe unique reactivity of α‐(alkylideneamino)nitriles toward molecular oxygen is firstly revealed.
ChemInform Abstract: I2‐Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp3)—H/S—H Coupling: Utilizing Alkanes and Mercaptans as the Nucleophiles.
Authors: Yuan Jiwen , Ma Xu , Yi Hong , Liu Chao , Lei Aiwen 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAn oxidative C(sp3)—H/S—H coupling of alkanes with mercaptans employing cheap and nontoxic I2 and 2,6‐di‐tert‐butylpyridine to afford aryl alkyl sulfides in moderate to good yields is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel α‐Tosyloxylation of Ketones Catalyzed by the in situ Generated Hypoiodous Acid from Alkyl Iodide.
Authors: Zhang Bijun , Han Liuquan , Hu Jiantao , Yan Jie 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNot only α‐tosyloxyketones, but also other α‐sulfonyloxyketones can be synthesized following this catalytic reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Unactivated Aryl Sulfides with Arylzinc Reagents under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Otsuka Shinya , Fujino Daishi , Murakami Kei , Yorimitsu Hideki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe title coupling reaction tolerates various functional groups in both reactants.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of New P‐Chiral P,π‐Dihydrobenzooxaphosphole Hybrid Ligands for Asymmetric Catalysis.
Authors: Sieber Joshua D. , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe title ligands (I) are successfully applied to the catalytic asymmetric addition of boronic acids to tosylimines to afford the corresponding amines with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu—Ni Bimetallic Reusable Catalyst for Synthesis of Propargylamines via Multicomponent Coupling Reaction under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Katkar Suyog V. , Jayaram R. V. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe catalyst used in this operationally simple procedure is magnetically recovered and reused in four additional cycles with consistent activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Base Mediated Synthesis of α‐Aminated Aroyl/Acetylnaphthalenes Through [4 + 2] Annulations.
Authors: Singh Surjeet , Althagafi Ismail , Yadav Pratik , Panwar Rahul , Kumar Abhinav , Pratap Ramendra 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe reactions can be performed on a gram‐scale.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Conversion of Epoxides into Aziridines with N‐Arylphosphoramidates.
Authors: Minicone Fabrizio , Rogers Wendy J. , Green James F. J. , Khan Mommna , Smith Geoffrey M. T. , Bray Christopher D. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe method represents a concise atom economic improvement of existing procedures for such transformations.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Reactions Initiated by Radical Addition of Tetrahydrofuran to β‐Bromonitrostyrenes.
Authors: Ge Xin , Hoang Kim Le Mai , Leow Min Li , Liu Xue‐Wei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAn Ag‐catalyzed addition of THF radicals to title compounds (I) in the presence of air is described.
ChemInform Abstract: From (Phenylsulfanyl)cycloalkanecarbaldehydes to Optically Active Spirocyclic Tetrahydrofurans: Stereospecific Resolution of Symmetric Aldehydes Through (S)‐Proline‐Catalyzed Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Secci Francesco , Frongia Angelo , Rubanu Maria Grazia , Sechi Maria Laura , Sarais Giorgia , Arca Massimiliano , Piras Pier Paolo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractL‐proline‐catalyzed aldol reaction can be used for the resolution of diastereomers (I) and (VII) yielding the aldol products with high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Formation of 2‐Oxaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane‐6,3′‐indoline] Derivatives from Reaction of 3‐Phenacyalideneoxindole with Malononitrile or Ethyl Cyanoacetate.
Authors: Xie Ya‐Jing , Sun Jing , Yan Chao‐Guo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn contrast to the title reaction, reaction of phenacylideneoxindoles (X) with cyanoacetamide (XI) gives 4‐(2‐oxoindolin‐3‐yl)‐2‐oxopyrrolidines (XII).
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Novel Indole‐Based Chalcones (E)‐1‐(2‐Chloro‐1‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐3‐arylprop‐2‐en‐1‐ones.
Authors: Gao Wentao , Lan Shuai , Li Yang , Zhang Hong , Chang Mingqin 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNovel indole‐based chalcones (III) (23 examples) are synthesized by the Claisen—Schmidt condensation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiourea‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Indoles to Pyrones: Alkaloid Cores with Quaternary Carbons.
Authors: Yeung Charles S. , Ziegler Robert E. , Porco John A. Jr. , Jacobsen Eric N. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe products are isolated in form of their O‐mesylates or O‐tosylates.
ChemInform Abstract: Stabilization of Radicals by Imides. A Modular Stereoselective Approach to Protected Functional 1,2‐Diamines.
Authors: Han Songzhe , Zard Samir Z. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe described protocol gives diastereoselective access to a broad scope of functionalized diamines (imidazol‐2‐one derivatives).
ChemInform Abstract: Triorganoindium Reagents in Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling with Iodoimidazoles: Synthesis of Neurodazine.
Authors: Perez‐Caaveiro Cristina , Perez Sestelo Jose , Martinez M. Montserrat , Sarandeses Luis A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe cross‐coupling sequence is used for preparation of neurodazine (VI) and analogs.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Chiral Non‐racemic Nitrones to 1,2‐Diaza‐1,3‐dienes: An Experimental and Computational Investigation.
Authors: Majer Roberta , Konechnaya Olga , Delso Ignacio , Tejero Tomas , Attanasi Orazio A. , Santeusanio Stefania , Merino Pedro 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCyclic nitrones (I), (IV), and (VI) give the products as single diastereomers under thermal conditions while nitrones (VIII) and (X) derived from D‐glyceraldehyde and D‐galactose give mixtures of diastereomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(N‐Heterocyclic Carbene)chloride: An Efficient Catalyst for Multicomponent Click Reaction for the Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazoles in Water at Room Temperature.
Authors: Purohit Vishal B. , Karad Sharad C. , Patel Kirit H. , Raval Dipak K. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe catalyst is recyclable and reusable at least 3 times.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Regioselective Synthesis of 3,4,5‐Trisubstituted 1,2,4‐Triazoles on the Basis of a Lithiation‐Trapping Sequence.
Authors: Mansueto Rosmara , Perna Filippo Maria , Salomone Antonio , Perrone Serena , Florio Saverio , Capriati Vito 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAn efficient regioselective mono‐functionalization of 3,5‐dimethyl‐1,2,4‐triazoles (I) is achieved by lithiation under optimized conditions and quenching with a variety of electrophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Reactions Involving the Branched C—N and C—C Cleavage of Enaminones Toward Pyridines Synthesis.
Authors: Wan Jie‐Ping , Zhou Youyi , Cao Shuo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed cascade reaction of enaminones and ammonium chloride leads to the unprecedented synthesis of 4‐unsubstituted pyridines of both symmetrical and unsymmetrical structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Chemical Approach: Microwave Assisted, Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Catalyzed, Convenient and Efficient C—C Bond Formation in the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Quinolines and Quinolinones.
Authors: Nawaz Khan Fazlur‐Rahman , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract3‐Acetylquinolines and ‐quinolinones are condensed with (het)arylaldehydes to the corresponding quinoline‐(het)aryl and quinolinone‐(het)aryl enones (III), (V), and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of 3,4‐Disubstituted Dihydroquinolin‐2(1H)‐one under Metal‐Free Conditions in Aqueous Solution.
Authors: Wang Hongyan , Sun Bin , Yang Jun , Wang Jitao , Mao Pu , Yang Liangru , Mai Wenpeng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA facile synthesis of 3,4‐dihydroquinolone and related naphthyridone derivatives via a metal‐free radical tandem cyclization is developed.