bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ein praxisgerechtes Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Fasermenge und ‐orientierung im Stahlfaserbeton
Authors: Wichmann Hans‐Joachim , Holst Alexander , Budelmann Harald 
Published: December 2013

AbstractStahlfaserbeton (SFB) findet im Bauwesen, u.a. bei Industriefußböden und im Industrie‐, Tunnel‐ und Wohnungsbau, eine vielfältige und zunehmende Anwendung. Die Eigenschaften und Leistungsfähigkeit von Stahlfaserbeton werden vornehmlich durch die Menge, Verteilung und Orientierung der Fasern im Betongefüge bestimmt. Für eine effektive Erfassung und Beurteilung dieser Parameter im Frisch‐ und Festbeton ist ein schnelles, einfaches und praxisgeeignetes zerstörungsfreies Messverfahren erforderlich. Hierzu wurde vom iBMB/MPA der TU Braunschweig in Zusammenarbeit mit der Firma Hertz Systemtechnik GmbH Delmenhorst das Stahlfasermessgerät “BSM100” entwickelt. Grundlage ist ein Induktionsmessverfahren, bei dem eine würfel‐ oder zylinderförmige Betonprobe in einem spulenförmigen Sensor von einem magnetischen Wechselfeld durchsetzt wird. Über die gemessene Induktionsspannung können der mittlere Fasergehalt und die dreidimensionale Faserorientierung der Frisch‐ oder Festbetonprobe bestimmt werden.Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird zunächst der Stand der Technik zur Bestimmung des Gehalts und der Orientierung von Stahlfasern im Beton dargelegt. Anschließend werden das Messgerät “BSM100” mit Funktionsweise, aktuellen Forschungsergebnissen und bisherigen Erkenntnissen vorgestellt sowie einige Praxisanwendungsbeispiele gezeigt.A practice‐conform measurement method for determination of fiber dosage and orientation in steel fiber reinforced concreteSteel fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is versatilely and increasingly used in civil engineering, e. g. for industrial floorings and in industrial, tunnel and housing building segments. The characteristics and performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete is primarily determined by dosage, distribution and orientation of fibers in the concrete texture. For an effective determination and assessment of these parameters in fresh and hardened concrete a fast, simple and practicable non‐destructive measurement technique is required. For this purpose the steel fiber measuring device “BSM100” at the iBMB/MPA of the TU Braunschweig in collaboration with the company Hertz Systemtechnik GmbH Delmenhorst had been developed. This is based upon an induction measurement system, where a cubic or cylindrical concrete sample in a coiled sensor is exposed to an alternating magnetic field. By registering the measured induction voltage the average values of dosage and three dimensional distribution of steel fibers in a fresh or hardened concrete sample can be investigated reliably and precisely.In this contribution firstly the state of the art technology for the measurement of steel fiber dosage and orientation in concrete will be presented. Then the measurement device “BSM100” with its functional principle, actual research results and previous findings will be presented and several examples of practical use will be shown.
“Ehrlich färbt am längsten”. Sichtbarmachung bei Paul Ehrlich
Authors: Hüntelmann Axel C. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract“Staining is the Best Policy”. Visualization in the work of Paul Ehrlich. For nearly all of his life, the biomedical scientist Paul Ehrlich dedicated himself to work on dyes and staining at the interface between so‐called color‐chemistry and histopathology. The article begins by sketching out the field of histopathology at the junction of pathological anatomy, microtechniques, and the development of chemical dyes in the early 1870s when Ehrlich began his training as a medical student. The article explores Ehrlich's work staining first tissue and blood, and then pathogens and vital staining in the 1880s. In the late 1880s and 1890s, Ehrlich experimented with dyes as therapeutic agents. Staining made the invisible visible, revealing cell structures, pathogens, or vital physiological processes within the cell itself. The article shows how visualization became an essential – albeit laborious and painstaking – element in the epistemic process of Ehrlich's work. The production of histological specimens required special skills acquired through extensive practice, especially in the techniques of visualization, manipulation, observation, and tacit understanding. These practices were needed because it was increasingly necessary to produce objective results once the various techniques of visualization came to be assessed within a discourse on objectivity. Visualization itself became an epistemic object and was ultimately “more important than the subject matter itself”.
Predictors of outcome in palliative colonic stent placement for malignant obstruction
Authors: Abbott S , Eglinton T W , Ma Y , Stevenson C , Robertson G M , Frizelle F A 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Emergency surgery for large bowel obstruction carries significant morbidity and mortality. After initially promising results, concerns have been raised over complication rates for self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) in both the palliative and bridge-to-surgery settings. This article documents the technique used at the authors' institution, and reports on success and complication rates, as well as identifying predictors of endoscopic reintervention or surgical treatment.

Methods
Data were collected for a prospective cohort of consecutive patients undergoing attempted colonoscopic SEMS insertion at a single institution between 1998 and 2013. Multivariable logistic models were fitted to assess possible predictors of endoscopic reintervention and surgical treatment.

Results
Palliative SEMS insertion was attempted in 146 patients. Primary colorectal cancer was the most common cause of obstruction (95·2 per cent). The majority of patients (77·4 per cent) were treated in an acute setting, with a high technical success rate of 97·3 per cent. The perforation rate was 4·8 per cent and the 30-day procedural mortality rate 2·7 per cent. No predictors of early complications were identified, although patients with metastases and those who received chemotherapy were more likely to have late complications. Some 30·8 per cent of patients required at least one further intervention, with 11·0 per cent of the cohort requiring a stoma. Endoscopic reintervention was largely successful.

Conclusion
SEMS offer a valid alternative to operative intervention in the palliative management of malignant large bowel obstruction. Patients receiving chemotherapy are more likely to receive endoscopic reintervention, which is largely successful.
Superficial radial nerve–lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve anatomic variation
Authors: Davidovich Eduardo R. , Nascimento Osvaldo J. M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIntroductionThis study focuses on an anatomic variation in which the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) innervates the radial border of the dorsum of the hand and thumb in addition to, or replacing, the superficial radial nerve (RSN). Here, we propose a technique of nerve conduction that identifies this variation.MethodsWe studied nerve conduction in 200 upper limbs of two series of 50 volunteers. We sought evidence of the aforementioned variation on the dorsum of the hand and in the thumb.ResultsWe found eight occurrences of this variation on the dorsum of the hand and 11 variants on the thumb within the two respective series of 100 upper limbs studied.DiscussionThe RSN–LACN anatomic variation can be studied using nerve conduction. The knowledge of this variation is particularly important for the evaluation of proximal radial nerve injury.
Suppression of choriocarcinoma invasion and metastasis following blockade of BDNF/TrkB signaling
Authors: Kawamura Kazuhiro , Kawamura Nanami , Okamoto Naoki , Manabe Motomu 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) acts through its cognate receptor tyrosine kinase‐B (TrkB) to regulate diverse physiological functions in reproductive and other tissues. In normal and malignant trophoblastic cells, the BDNF/TrkB signaling promotes cell growth. Due to the highly malignant nature of choriocarcinoma, we investigated possible involvement of this system in choriocarcinoma cell invasion and metastasis. We demonstrated that treatment of cultured choriocarcinoma cells, known to express both BDNF and TrkB, with a soluble TrkB ectodomain or a Trk receptor inhibitor K252a suppressed cell invasion accompanied with decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐2, a cell invasion marker. In vivo studies using a tumor xenograft model in athymic nude mice further showed inhibition of cell invasion from tumors to surrounding tissues following the suppression of endogenous TrkB signaling. For an in vivo model of choriocarcinoma metastasis, we performed intravenous injections of JAR cells expressing firefly luciferase into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Treatment with K252a inhibited metastasis of tumors to distant organs. In vivo K252a treatment also suppressed metastatic tumor growth as reflected by decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis and caspases‐3/7 activities, together with reduced tissue levels of a tumor marker, human chorionic gonadotropin‐β. In vivo suppression of TrkB signaling also led to decreased expression of angiogenic markers in metastatic tumor, including cluster of differentiation 31 and vascular endothelial growth factor A. Our findings suggested essential autocrine/paracrine roles of the BDNF/TrkB signaling system in choriocarcinoma invasion and metastasis. Inhibition of this signaling could serve as the basis to develop a novel therapy for patients with choriocarcinoma.
Fast, automatic character animation pipelines
Authors: Feng Andrew , Huang Yazhou , Xu Yuyu , Shapiro Ari 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTHumanoid three‐dimensional (3D) models can be easily acquired through various sources, including through online marketplaces. The use of such models within a game or simulation environment requires human input and intervention in order to associate such a model with a relevant set of motions and control mechanisms. In this paper, we demonstrate a pipeline where humanoid 3D models can be incorporated within seconds into an animation system and infused with a wide range of capabilities, such as locomotion, object manipulation, gazing, speech synthesis and lip syncing. We offer a set of heuristics that can associate arbitrary joint names with canonical ones and describe a fast retargeting algorithm that enables us to instill a set of behaviors onto an arbitrary humanoid skeleton on‐the‐fly. We believe that such a system will vastly increase the use of 3D interactive characters due to the ease that new models can be animated.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AstPT Catalyses both Reverse N1‐ and Regular C2 Prenylation of a Methylated Bisindolyl Benzoquinone
Authors: Tarcz Sylwia , Ludwig Lena , Li Shu‐Ming 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPrenylated bisindolyl benzoquinones exhibit interesting biological activities, such as antidiabetic or anti‐HIV activities. A number of these compounds, including asterriquinones, have been isolated from Aspergillus terreus. In this study, we identified two putative genes by genome mining, ATEG_09980 and ATEG_00702, which share high sequence similarity with the known bisindolyl benzoquinone prenyltransferase TdiB from Aspergillus nidulans. The coding sequences were cloned and overexpressed in E. coli. The overproduced recombinant proteins were purified to near homogeneity and used for enzyme assays with asterriquinone D in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate. HPLC analysis showed that product formation was only detected in enzyme assays with EAU29429 encoded by ATEG_09980, not in those with EAU39348 encoded by ATEG_00702. Product isolation and structure elucidation by NMR and MS analyses led to identification of N1‐reversely and C2‐regularly monoprenylated derivatives, as well as N1′,N1′′reversely, N1′‐reversely, C2′′‐regularly diprenylated derivatives. This proved that EAU29429 functions as an asterriquinone prenyltransferase (AstPT) and indicated the involvement of EAU29429 rather than EAU39348 in the biosynthesis of methylated asterriquinones. Furthermore, incubation of monoprenylated enzyme products with AstPT resulted in the formation of the diprenylated derivatives.
Identification of the First Diphenyl Ether Gene Cluster for Pestheic Acid Biosynthesis in Plant Endophyte Pestalotiopsis fici
Authors: Xu Xinxin , Liu Ling , Zhang Fan , Wang Wenzhao , Li Jinyang , Guo Liangdong , Che Yongsheng , Liu Gang 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe diphenyl ether pestheic acid was isolated from the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis fici, which is proposed to be the biosynthetic precursor of the unique chloropupukeananes. The pestheic acid biosynthetic gene (pta) cluster was identified in the fungus through genome scanning. Sequence analysis revealed that this gene cluster encodes a nonreducing polyketide synthase, a number of modification enzymes, and three regulators. Gene disruption and intermediate analysis demonstrated that the biosynthesis proceeded through formation of the polyketide backbone, cyclization of a polyketo acid to a benzophenone, chlorination, and formation of the diphenyl ether skeleton through oxidation and hydrolyzation. A dihydrogeodin oxidase gene, ptaE, was essential for diphenyl ether formation, and ptaM encoded a flavin‐dependent halogenase catalyzing chlorination in the biosynthesis. Identification of the pta cluster laid the foundation to decipher the genetic and biochemical mechanisms involved in the pathway.
Synthesis of Hierarchical Mesoporous Mn–MFI Zeolite Nanoparticles: A Unique Architecture of Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Aerobic Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides
Authors: Patra Astam K. , Dutta Arghya , Pramanik Malay , Nandi Mahasweta , Uyama Hiroshi , Bhaumik Asim 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAn efficient procedure for aerobic oxidation of thiols to disulfides catalyzed by new self‐assembled hierarchical mesoporous Mn–MFI in the presence of air under solvent‐free conditions as well as in aqueous medium is reported. The mesoporosity and Mn4+ loading, together with a highly crystalline microporous pore wall structure of the MFI framework were achieved through a newly designed hydrothermal process. This hydrothermal approach leads to hierarchical self‐assembled mesoporous zeolite structures through isomorphous substitution of Si by Mn and Al. It is shown that Mn‐containing mesoporous zeolites are capable to form disulfide bonds from thiols in the presence of air. The zeolitic materials were characterized by XRD, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution TEM, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 29Si NMR, 27Al NMR, and EPR spectroscopy, as well as AAS analysis and N2 sorption studies. N2 sorption analysis revealed high surface areas and narrow pore size distributions (1.2–6.0 nm) for different samples. The mesoporous Mn–ZSM‐5 acted as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst with maximum catalytic activity in the benzenethiol conversion to diphenyldithiol.
A Unified Approach to the Daucane and Sphenolobane Bicyclo[5.3.0]decane Core: Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Daucene, Daucenal, Epoxydaucenal B, and 14‐para‐Anisoyloxydauc‐4,8‐diene
Authors: Bennett Nathan B. , Stoltz Brian M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAccess to the bicyclo[5.3.0]decane core found in the daucane and sphenolobane terpenoids via a key enone intermediate enables the enantioselective total syntheses of daucene, daucenal, epoxydaucenal B, and 14‐para‐anisoyloxydauc‐4,8‐diene. Central aspects include a catalytic asymmetric alkylation followed by a ring contraction and ring‐closing metathesis to generate the five‐ and seven‐membered rings, respectively.
Oxime Ligation: A Chemoselective Click‐Type Reaction for Accessing Multifunctional Biomolecular Constructs
Authors: Ulrich Sébastien , Boturyn Didier , Marra Alberto , Renaudet Olivier , Dumy Pascal 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThere is a growing need for biocompatible click reactions in order to prepare multifunctional conjugates, which are valuable molecules for innovative biomedical applications. In this context, we review the recent advances in the implementation of oxime ligation for the synthesis of multivalent or multicomponent systems. The value of these products is emphasized by their use in cell targeting, imaging, synthetic vaccines, and surface modifications.
On the Mechanism of the Organocatalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes
Authors: Davis Rebecca L. , Jensen Kim L. , Gschwend Björn , Jørgensen Karl Anker 
Published: December 2013

AbstractMechanistic studies on the organocatalytic epoxidation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes explore the autoinductive behavior of the reaction and establish that the hydrate/peroxyhydrate of the product is acting as a phase‐transfer catalyst. Based on these studies, an improved methodology that provides high selectivities and decreased catalyst loading, through the addition of chloral hydrate, is developed.
Direct Aldol Strategy in Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Thuggacin B
Authors: Matsuzawa Akinobu , Opie Christopher R. , Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAn enantioselective total synthesis of thuggacin B, a natural product exhibiting antibiotic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is described. Asymmetric direct aldol reactions promoted by Cu and Zn catalysts play a pivotal role in constructing four stereogenic centers. The use of direct aldol reactions as the initial steps for the synthesis of two key fragments allowed the construction of the other stereogenic centers through chirality transfer.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Electron‐Poor Octahedral Ta6 Clusters in a Solid‐State Compound: Synthesis, Characterizations and Theoretical Investigations of Cs2BaTa6Br15O3.
Authors: Demont Antoine , Prestipino Carmelo , Hernandez Olivier , Elkaim Erik , Paofai Serge , Naumov Nikolai , Fontaine Bruno , Gautier Regis , Cordier Stephane 
Published: December 2013

AbstractCs2BaTa6Br15O3 and Cs2LaTa6Br15O3 are obtained from stoichiometric mixtures of Ta, Ta2O5, TaBr5, CsCl, and BaBr2 or La2O3 (sealed silica container, 650—690 °C, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Pb‐Doped BiCuSeO Ceramics.
Authors: Lan Jin‐Le , Liu Yao‐Chun , Zhan Bin , Lin Yuan‐Hua , Zhang Boping , Yuan Xun , Zhang Wenqing , Xu Wei , Nan C.‐W. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBi1‐xPbxCuSeO (x = 0—0.08) samples are prepared by solid state reaction of Bi2O3, PbO, Cu, Bi, and Se (573 K for 6 h and 973 K for 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Dielectric Properties of Unfilled Tungsten Bronze Ferroelectrics Ba4RETiNb9O30.
Authors: Hu Changzheng , Hou Lianjie , Fang Liang , Liu Laijun 
Published: December 2013

AbstractNovel Ba4LnTiNb9O30 compounds with Ln: La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of CaCO3, Ln2O3, TiO2, and Nb2O5 (1300 °C, 8 h, followed by sintering at 1290—1380 °C for 8 h).
ChemInform Abstract: LiMn2O4 Rods as Cathode Materials with High Rate Capability and Good Cycling Performance in Aqueous Electrolyte.
Authors: Li Zhihua , Wang Liqiu , Li Keyan , Xue Dongfeng 
Published: December 2013

AbstractLiMn2O4 rods are prepared by hydrothermal preparation of β‐MnO2 precursor rods from MnSO4 and NaClO3 (autoclave, 150 °C, 10 h) followed by lithiation in ethanolic LiOH solution and calcination in air (700 °C, 8 h for sample A, or 900 °C, 3 h, sample B).
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation of the LiCo1‐xMgxPO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) System.
Authors: Dimesso Lucangelo , Spanheimer Christina , Jaegermann Wolfram 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by a sol—gel method from aqueous solutions of LiOAc, Co(OAc)2, Mg(OAc)2, citric acid, and phosphoric acid followed by annealing at 300 °C for 5 min in flowing air, and at 730 °C for 12 h in flowing nitrogen.
ChemInform Abstract: A Bi2WO6‐Based Hybrid Photocatalyst with Broad Spectrum Photocatalytic Properties under UV, Visible, and Near‐Infrared Irradiation.
Authors: Tian Jian , Sang Yuanhua , Yu Guangwei , Jiang Huaidong , Mu Xiaoning , Liu Hong 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBi2WO6/TiO2 nanobelt heterostructures are hydrothermally synthesized from mixtures of Bi(NO3)3, Na2WO4, and TiO2 nanobelts in ethylene glycol or nitric acid (autoclave, 160 °C, 15 h).
ChemInform Abstract: α‐ScVSe2O8, β‐ScVSe2O8, ScVTe2O8: New Quaternary Mixed Metal Oxides Composed of Only Second‐Order Jahn—Teller Distortive Cations.
Authors: Kim Yeong Hun , Lee Dong Woo , Ok Kang Min 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe crystal structures of (IV), (V), and (VII) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light‐Mediated Oxidative Decarboxylation of Arylacetic Acids into Benzyl Radicals. Addition to Electron‐Deficient Alkenes by Using Photoredox Catalysts.
Authors: Miyake Yoshihiro , Nakajima Kazunari , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe reaction system is applicable for addition of a variety of benzyl radicals bearing an amino group in para‐position in the benzene ring to electron‐deficient alkenes (II) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Ambivalent Reactivity Modes of β‐Chlorovinyl Ketones: Electrophilic Lithium [3]Cumulenolates from Soft Vinyl Enolization Strategy.
Authors: Kim Hun Young , Rooney Edward Oscar , Meury Raymond Phillip , Oh Kyungsoo 
Published: December 2013

AbstractTreatment of β‐chlorovinyl ketones with NEt3 and LiClO4 or LiBr results in formation of electrophilic lithium cumulenolates which smoothly react with nucleophiles such as another cumulenolate or ketimines to afford vinyl allenones like (II) or pyrrolidines of type (IV)/(VII) in a stereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Easily‐Controlled Chemoselective Hydrogenation by Using Palladium on Boron Nitride.
Authors: Yabe Yuki , Sawama Yoshinari , Yamada Tsuyoshi , Nagata Saori , Monguchi Yasunari , Sajiki Hiranao 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe reaction conditions are developed to achieve the selective hydrogenation of azides and alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoromethylation of Ketones and Aldehydes with Bu3SnCF3.
Authors: Sanhueza Italo A. , Bonney Karl J. , Nielsen Mads C. , Schoenebeck Franziska 
Published: December 2013

AbstractTributyl(trifluoromethyl)stannane is successfully applied for the trifluoromethylation of a variety of carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes as Effective Catalysts for Synthesis of Propargylic Amines, Chiral Allenes and Isoxazoles.
Authors: Wong Man‐Kin , et al. et al. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe three component reaction of aldehydes, cyclic amines, and terminal alkynes are efficiently promoted by cyclometalated Au(III) complexes to yield a variety of propargylic amines (IV), (VI), and (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic—Organic Hybrid Double Sulfates as Catalysts of the Diastereoselective Nitroaldol Reaction.
Authors: Kammoun Omar , Rekik Walid , Bataille Thierry , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Naili Houcine 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThree complexes are synthesized and tested for their activity in the diastereoselective Henry‐reaction, with the shown catalyst being the most effective one.
ChemInform Abstract: First Direct Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxy‐pent‐4‐ynoic Acids. Application to the Synthesis of Pyran‐2‐ones.
Authors: Lopez‐Reyes Morelia E. , Lopez‐Cortes Jose G. , Ortega‐Alfaro M. Carmen , Toscano R. Alfredo , Alvarez‐Toledano Cecilio 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA direct method for the synthesis of 3‐hydroxy‐pent‐4‐ynoic acids by the nucleophilic addition of bis‐(trimethylsilyl) ketene acetals to alkynones promoted by boron trifluoride etherate is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles (PFMN) as a Magnetic Recyclable Phosphorus Ligand: Preparation of Its Palladium(II) Complex for Heck Reaction of Chloroarenes.
Authors: Khalafi‐Nezhad Ali , Panahi Farhad 
Published: December 2013

AbstractMoreover, the catalyst can be reused at least four times without significant loss of activity.