bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mycophenolate mofetil and cyclophosphamide treatment suppress inflammation intensity in experimental model of autoimmune uveitis
Authors: KLIMOVA A , SEIDLER STANGOVA P , HEISSIGEROVA J , SVOZILKOVA P , KUCERA T 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The research in experimental models of autoimmune uveitis helps to find new therapeutical strategies. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of cyclophosphamide (CPA), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and golimumab on inflammation intensity in mice model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).Methods EAU was induced in C57BL/6 mice by subcutaneous application of IRBP (interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein) in complete Freund’s adjuvant and pertussis toxin. CPA was injected intraperitoneally in a single dose of 100 mg/kg, MMF intraperitoneally daily in a dose of 30 and 50 mg/kg, golimumab subcutaneously weekly in a dose of 70 mg/kg. Mice with EAU without treatment and group with EAU with sham treatment served as controls. Histological grading of uveitis at day 35 post induction of EAU was used.Results The comparison of intensity of inflammation in group of treated and untreated mice shows that MMF significantly suppressed the inflammation (p˂0,05). The absolute suppression of inflammation by CPA (p˂0,0001) was shown. On the contrary, golimumab enhanced the ocular inflammation.Conclusion In this study, we have confirmed the efficacy of CPA and MMF in treatment of posterior uveitis, which supports its use in human medicine. This project was supported by grant IGA MZ NT/14017‐3/2013 and SVV‐266505/2013.
Fluorophotometry study of riboflavin in iontophoresis procedure and conventional cross linking
Authors: DANIEL E , CASSAGNE M , BONNIN N , BOREL A , VIENNET A , COULANGEON LM , MONNEYRON N , MALECAZE F , CHIAMBARETTA F 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose A longitudinal observational multicentric study is conducted in Ophthalmology departments of Gabriel Montpied Hospital in Clermont‐Ferrand and Purpan Hospital in Toulouse. The aim of our study is to evaluate and compare the variations of riboflavin concentration in vivo through fluorophotometry in the anterior segment, during iontophoresis procedure (I‐CXL) and conventional cross‐linking (C‐CXL) for keratoconus patients.Methods Inclusion criteria are patients from 18 to 40 years old, with progressive keratoconus and a corneal pachymetry higher than 400μm at the thinnest point. Exclusion criteria are patients with central corneal opacities or patients with previous history of corneal disease or corneal surgery. The use of Fluorotron Master FM‐2® for anterior segment fluorophotometry allows us to study the concentration of fluorescent molecules in the cornea and in the anterior chamber, with an automated processing.Results Corneal concentration of riboflavin increases during instillation until a plateau is reached for both procedures. Though, the measurements for I‐CXL show a lower corneal concentration of riboflavin, about 50% less than the concentration in C‐CXL. More results are to come and will be presented during the EVER meeting.Conclusion This is the first in vivo study of riboflavin corneal concentration kinetics in keratoconus patients. This fluorophotometry study needs to be complemented by the results of current clinical studies.
Epidemiology of corneal ulceration and ocular surface disease among patients with Graves’orbitopathy
Authors: KLYSIK A 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To determine the incidence of corneal ulceration and ocular surface disease among patients with active and inactive stage of Graves’ orbitopathy.Methods 678 patients with clinical evidence of moderate or severe Graves’ orbitopathy remaining under the care of Department of Ophthalmology of the Medical University of Lodz from January 2004 to April 2014. Average duration of the disease was 6.8 years. Average duration of follow‐up was 6.6 years. Episodes of corneal ulceration and ocular surface symptoms were analyzed.Results Corneal ulceration occurred in 2 patients with active stage of orbitopathy, and 6 patient in an inactive stage. One patient in active stage of the disease developed central corneal ulceration, and 7 patients ( 1 in the active stage, and 6 in an inactive stage) developed peripheral corneal ulceration. 5 patient developed ulceration at 9 o’clock in the right eye and 3 o’clock in the left and 2 patients developed inferior ulcer at 6 o’clock. The incidence rate of corneal ulceration in moderate to severe Graves’ orbitopathy is 0.174 %. Ocular surface symptoms were noted in 26%Conclusion Corneal ulceration is a very rare complication of Graves’ orbitopathy, more commonly occurring in the inactive stage of the disease. Ocular surface disease occurs in about one fourth of patients in an inactive stage of moderate and severe disease.
In vivo and ex vivo confocal microscopy of eyelid melanoma: case report
Authors: HAOUAS M , GUILLEMOT C , GRIVET D , CINOTTI E , PERROT JL , LABEILLE B , CAMBAZARD F , FOREST F , DUMOLLARD JM , PEOC'H M , GAIN P , THURET G 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose We report the first description of a malignant melanoma (MM) of the eyelid margin examined by in vivo and ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (IVCM and EVCM).Methods A 65‐year‐old patient with a pigmented cutaneous tumor of the left upper eyelid margin was evaluated by clinical, dermoscopical and IVCM examination which suggested the diagnosis of MM. IVCM was performed with the handheld vivascope 3000 (Caliber/Mavig). Excision of the tumor with lateral margins of 2 mm was performed.Results The fresh excised tissue was examined by EVCM (vivascope 2500 ML) which found features of MM and showed that surgical margins were tumor‐free. The diagnosis of the MM was confirmed by the histopathological examination.Conclusion In addition to the clinical examination and dermoscopy, IVCM added evidence to the MM diagnosis and EVCM allowed to evaluate the excision margins before the histopathological examinations. Therefore IVCM and EVCM can provide to the clinician important elements to improve the diagnosis of MM and the management of the eyelid cutaneous melanocytic tumors.
Preliminary results of proton radiotherapy for choroidal melanoma in Departhment of Ophthalmology Jagiellonian University in Kraków
Authors: MARKIEWICZ A , ROMANOWSKA‐DIXON B , BOGDALI A , KOWAL J , DEBICKA‐KUMELA M , JAKUBOWSKA B 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Analysis of all cases choroidal melanoma treated with proton beam radiotherapy (PBRT) in 2011‐2013 in Krakow.Methods The retrospective analysis of 39 patients with choroidal melanoma treated with proton beam in Krakow in 2011‐2013 was performed. There were 20 (51%) women and 19 (49%) men in mean 53,7 years (24 ‐ 74). . The largest tumor diameter ranged from 4,6 mm to 16.2 mm, and tumor thickness from 1.4 mm to 10.3 mm. Treatment was delivered in 4 fractions on 4 consecutive days. All patients received the dose of 60 CGE (Cobalt Grey Equivalent) given to PTV (planning target volume).Results The tumour had regressed in 20 patients (51 %) and remained stable in 19 patients (49 %). The large tumours in 4 cases were removed during vitrectomy (endoresection). One tumor was excised with exoresection. In the case of 1 patient, despite intraocular tumour regression occurring the choroidal melanoma had spread multifocally into the orbit, which necessitated orbit exenteration. In this case tumor cells in scleral vessels were detected in histopathologycal examination. The results ensured that the eyeballs of 38 patients (99%) could be saved. Visual acuity improved in 5 cases, was stable in 21 and decreased in 14 patients The follow‐up periodConclusion Proton beam radiotherapy is an effective method for treating patients with choroidal melanoma. This method ensures an eyeball preservation rate of 99%, with the vision function of 67% patients being saved. Decreasing visual function was caused by choroidal melanomas location close to macula and/or optic nerve disc in our group it were in 19 (49%) cases.
The coexistence of uveal melanoma and non‐pigment ciliary body epithelium adenoma in one eye
Authors: MARKIEWICZ A , BOGDALI A , ROMANOWSKA‐DIXON B , POCIEJ W , KOWAL J , DEBICKA‐KUMELA M , JAKUBOWSKA B 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To report case series of coexistence of the non‐pigmented ciliary body epithelium adenoma and uveal melanoma in one eye.Methods Retrospective analysis of case series.Results In Department of Ophthalomology and Ocular Oncology in Cracow we have found 3 patients with coexistence of uveal melanoma and non‐pigmented ciliary body epithelium adenoma in some eye. All patients were treated because of diagnosis uveal melanoma . Non‐pigmented ciliary body epithelium adenoma was detected accidently in histopatological examination. Before histopatological test there were no suspicion of ciliary body adenoma. In 1 case melanoma was located in iris and in 2 cases in choroid. We performed iris melanoma excision in patient with iris melanoma. First patient with choroid melanoma were treated with brachytherapy and next with enucleation because of neovascular, secondary glaucoma . Second patient with choroidal melanoma in spite extraocular extention disagreed with enucleation in the beginning. But after I‐125 brachytherapy with excision of extraocular infiltration patient decided on enucleation. In histopathologycal examination choroidal melanoma and adenoma were detected.Conclusion Adenoma of non‐pigmented ciliary body epithelium is a very rare tumor. It is more rarely with coexistence with uveal melanoma in one eye.
Impact of herpes zoster on quality of life and age‐related functional decline
Authors: LABETOULLE M 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Herpes zoster (HZ) is a painful and debilitating disease, which incidence and severity increase with age. Whereas the burden of post‐herpetic neuralgia (PHN), its most common complication, has been evaluated in several studies, the specific impact of HZ ophthalmicus (HZO) on health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) and functional decline has been poorly studied. The objective of our study was to describe the rationale and design of the QUALIPZO (QUAlity of LIfe in Patients with herpes ZOster) study.Methods Our multidisciplinary group (pharmacologist, general practitioner, geriatrician, neurologist, ophthalmologist, pain specialist, psychiatrist, and virologist) performed a narrative analysis of the literature on the relationship between HZ (HZO incl.) and functional decline.Results Functional decline, defined by reduced ability to perform everyday activities, is enhanced with age, comorbidities, and infections. HZO represents about 10% of HZ cases, with direct ocular impairment occurring in >=50% of cases and vision decrease in about 7% of cases. PHN is more frequent after HZO than non‐ophthalmic HZ. Several studies have clearly shown that HZ dramatically impairs HR‐QoL and functional status; however, no large‐scale study has focused on HZO.Conclusion The impact of HZO needs to be assessed, as proposed in the incoming QUALIPZO study.
Antiviral effects of HSV1‐specific meganucleases in a mouse model of relapsing herpes keratitis
Authors: LABETOULLE M , GABISON E , ROUSSEAU A , ARNOULD S , GALETTO R , PASDELOUP D 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Conventional treatments of infections by Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) do not reduce the burden of latent virus and the resulting risk of viral reactivation. Specific endonucleases (such as meganucleases) could be a tool to reduce relapsing herpetic keratitis in pre‐treated tissues.Methods Three weeks after subconjunctival inoculation of rAAV (recombinant adenovirus‐associated vector) encoding either a meganuclease targeting the HSV1 genome or the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a negative control, mice were infected with HSV1 strain SC16 to induce a latent infection in the trigeminal ganglia (TGs). 28 days later, mice were subjected to a reactivation stimulus (heatshock). Corneas and TGs were analyzed for the presence of HSV‐1 genome and of several viral transcripts (LAT, TK and UL18).Results In the corneas, as in TG, meganuclease‐treated mice had fewer copies of viral genomes (viral load) and LAT, TK and UL18 transcripts (signs of viral replication) than control mice, ie treated with rAAV encoding GFP (p = 0.002 to p = 0.0008), suggesting a significant reduction of viral replication after herpes reactivation stimulus.Conclusion The production of a specific HSV1 meganuclease seems to reduce the importance of HSV1 reactivation in TGs (the site of herpetic latency) and corneas, suggesting that specific HSV1 meganuclease could be tested in therapeutic protocols with the aim of reducing herpetic corneal relapses.
The choroid profiles at the posterior pole measured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in healthy Korean children
Authors: LEE J , KIM J 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To assess the changes of the choroidal thickness in healthy Korean Children using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to evaluate the association of choroidal thickness and axial length.Methods Seventy‐nine eyes (79 children) with cycloplegic refractive errors within ± 1diopter spherical equivalent underwent horizontal scan using EDI OCT. The choroidal thickness was the vertical distance between the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium and the inner scleral border at 1mm intervals from 3mm nasal and 4mm temporal to the fovea using the manual caliper provided by the software of the device. Axial length was examined by partial coherence interferometry. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate variations of choroidal thickness at each location and to correlate choroidal thickness and axial length.Results The mean age was 7.67 years. The mean±SD subfoveal choroidal thickness was 296.13±61.36µm. And the mean choroidal thickness was 160.57µm, 209.19µm, and 256.90µm at 3mm, 2mm, 1mm nasal to the fovea and 302.77µm, 307.68µm, 314.33µm, 319.49µm at 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, and 4mm temporal to the fovea respectively. The mean axial length was 22.96±0.77mm. The mean choroidal thickness was 28.69µm and 28.36µm thicker at 3mm and 2mm nasal to the fovea respectively in eyes with shorter than mean axial length (p=0.011, p=0.033).Conclusion The choroidal thickness increased nasal to the temporal direction at posterior pole and eyes with shorter axial length tend to present thicker choroids at nasal area to the fovea in Korean children with no refractive errors.
Comparative difference of the choroidal thickness according to the refractive errors measured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography
Authors: LEE J , YU S 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To assess the differences of the choroidal thickness(CT) according to the refractive errors using enhanced depth imaging(EDI) optical coherence tomography(OCT).Methods Ninety‐seven eyes in healthy Korean children are categorized into three groups according to the refractive errors: hyperopia(27 eyes), emmetropia(39 eyes), and myopia(31 eyes). They underwent horizontal and vertical EDI OCT scan. The CT was measured at 9 locations: fovea(F) and 1mm & 3mm nasal(N1,N3), temporal(T1,T3), superior(S1,S3) and inferior(I1,I3) area to the fovea. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the comparative difference of the CT at each location.Results The overall mean age was 8.2 years and there was no difference in three groups(p=0.320). The foveal CT in hyperopia was 359.41㎛ which was thicker than those in emmetropia(301.97㎛) and myopia(263.94㎛) and CT at the other 8 locations in hyperopia was thicker than in emmtropia and myopia(p<0.05). The CT at S1, T1, N1 and N3 in hyperopia was thicker than those of emmetropia(p<0.05). The CT of hyperopia was thicker than those of myopia except T3 location(p<0.05). The thickest location of three groups was fovea in hyperopia, and T3 in emmetropia and myopia which was 320.79㎛ and 291.74㎛, respectively. The thinnest location was N3 in three groups(220.22㎛ in hyperopia, 163.92㎛ in emmetropia and 151.29㎛ in myopia)Conclusion The CT of hyperopia was thicker in comparison with emmetropia and myopia, especially at nasal area between hyperopia and emmetropia and at all locations except T3 between hyperopia and myopia. The temporal choroid was thicker than the nasal choroid regardless of refractive errors, but the thickest location in hyperopia was the fovea.
A novel real‐time CTL assay to measure designer T‐cell function against HIV Env+ cells
Authors: MacLean Andrew G. , Walker Edith , Sahu Gautam K. , Skowron Gail , Marx Preston , von Laer Dorothee , Junghans Richard P. , Braun Stephen E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundTo increase the immunosurveillance in HIV infection, we used retroviral vectors expressing CD4‐chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to genetically modify autologous T cells and redirect CTL toward HIV. The CD4 extracellular domain targets envelope and the intracellular signaling domains activate T cells. The maC46 fusion inhibitor binds HIV and blocks viral replication.MethodsWe stimulated rhesus PBMCs with antibodies to CD3/CD28 and cotransduced T cells with CD4‐CAR and maC46 vectors. CD4‐CAR‐transduced T cells were added to Env+ 293T cells at E:T of 1:1. Killing of target cells was measured as reduced impedance.ResultsWe observed gene expression in 60–70% of rhesus CD3+CD8+ T cells with the individual vectors and in 35% of the cells with both vectors. CD4‐CAR‐transduced populations specifically killed Env+ cells.ConclusionsIn these studies, we showed that designer T cells were redirected to kill Env+ cells. Control of viremia without HAART would revolutionize treatment for HIV patients.
MG428 is a novel positive regulator of recombination that triggers mgpB and mgpC gene variation in Mycoplasma genitalium
Authors: Burgos Raul , Totten Patricia A. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryThe human pathogen Mycoplasma genitalium employs homologous recombination to generate antigenic diversity in the immunodominant MgpB and MgpC proteins. Only recently, some of the molecular factors involved in this process have been characterized, but nothing is known about its regulation. Here, we show that M. genitalium expresses N‐terminally truncated RecA isoforms via alternative translation initiation, but only the full‐length protein is essential for gene variation. We also demonstrate that overexpression of MG428 positively regulates the expression of recombination genes, including recA, ruvA, ruvB and ORF2, a gene of unknown function co‐transcribed with ruvAB. The co‐ordinated induction of these genes correlated with an increase of mgpBC gene variation. In contrast, cells lacking MG428 were unable to generate variants despite expressing normal levels of RecA. Similarly, deletion analyses of the recA upstream region defined sequences required for gene variation without abolishing RecA expression. The requirement of these sequences is consistent with the presence of promoter elements associated with MG428‐dependent recA induction. Sequences upstream of recA also influence the relative abundance of RecA isoforms, possibly through translational regulation. Overall, these results suggest that MG428 is a positive regulator of recombination and that precise control of recA expression is required to initiate mgpBC variation.
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy in horseshoe kidney: Case reports and literature review
Authors: Hu Panpan , Jin Meiling , Xie Yuansheng , Chen Pu , Zhang Xueguang , Yin Zhong , Cai Guangyan , Chen Xiangmei 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHorseshoe kidney is the most common congenital renal fusion anomaly. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy is a common glomerulonephritis worldwide. However, the co‐occurrence of these diseases had not been reported in the literature. We report the first two cases with the occurrence of immunoglobulin A nephropathy in horseshoe kidney. The first case was a 26‐year‐old male with hypertension and proteinuria (1.4 g/24 h), his pathological finding was primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy. The second case was a 15‐year‐old female who presented with recurrent peliosis on bilateral lower extremities, haematuria and proteinuria (1.7 g/24 h). Her renal biopsy finding was Henoch–Schonlein purpura nephritis (secondary immunoglobulin A nephropathy). In both cases, renal biopsy was performed by experienced doctors under ultrasonic guidance at the renal upper pole and no postoperative complications were observed. After they were treated based on the renal pathological findings for 6 months, urine protein excretion decreased significantly and blood pressure and serum creatinine stabilized. It is possible that immunoglobulin A nephropathy occurs in a horseshoe kidney patient. Renal biopsy may be valuable and viable for horseshoe kidney patients with heavy proteinuria to identify pathologic type of glomerulopathy and to guide treatment, if renal biopsy is performed by experienced doctors at the renal upper pole under renal ultrasonic guidance.
Diagnostic value of B‐type natriuretic peptide for estimating left atrial size and its usefulness for predicting all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular events among chronic haemodialysis patients
Authors: Ishigami Junichi , Iimori Soichiro , Kuwahara Michio , Sasaki Sei , Tsukamoto Yusuke 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAimEstimating fluid balance in haemodialysis patients is essential when determining dry weight, but limited methods are currently available. B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a useful surrogate marker in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), but whether its validity could be generalized to haemodialysis patients has not been studied well.MethodsA total of 457 haemodialysis patients at a dialysis centre were analyzed. Determinants of BNP were assessed in connection with ultrasound cardiography (UCG) records, Kt/V, ultrafiltration rate (UFR), and demographic factors. All‐cause death and cardiovascular (CV) events were recorded as the main outcome.ResultsAmong the UCG records, left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), were determinants of log‐transformed (ln) BNP; UFR, age and sex were also significant. There was a positive correlation between BNP and LAD (r = 0.285, P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that BNP had 90% and 80% sensitivity to predict the presence of LA enlargement of 77.9 pg/mL and 133.2 pg/mL, respectively. Higher BNP and lower LVEF were associated with higher risk for developing all‐cause death and CVD. In the adjusted model, patients with BNP higher than 471 pg/mL had hazard ratio of 2.18 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20–3.96, P = 0.01), compared to those with BNP <109 pg/mL.ConclusionB‐type natriuretic peptide was determined by LAD, LVEF, UFR, age and sex. BNP and LAD had positive correlation and BNP could become a useful tool for estimating the presence of LA enlargement. BNP and LVEF was a strong risk factor for predicting all‐cause death and CV events among patients undergoing haemodialysis.