bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromatin lysine acylation: On the path to chromatin homeostasis and genome integrity
Authors: Chen Feng , He Xingkai , Xu Wenchao , Zhou Linmin , Liu Qi , Chen Weicheng , Zhu Wei‐Guo , Zhang Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe fundamental role of cells in safeguarding the genome's integrity against DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) is crucial for maintaining chromatin homeostasis and the overall genomic stability. Aberrant responses to DNA damage, known as DNA damage responses (DDRs), can result in genomic instability and contribute significantly to tumorigenesis. Unraveling the intricate mechanisms underlying DDRs following severe damage holds the key to identify therapeutic targets for cancer. Chromatin lysine acylation, encompassing diverse modifications such as acetylation, lactylation, crotonylation, succinylation, malonylation, glutarylation, propionylation, and butyrylation, has been extensively studied in the context of DDRs and chromatin homeostasis. Here, we delve into the modifying enzymes and the pivotal roles of lysine acylation and their crosstalk in maintaining chromatin homeostasis and genome integrity in response to DDRs. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive perspective and overview of the latest insights, driven primarily by chromatin acylation modification and associated regulators.
Physical function is associated with cognitive status, brain amyloid‐beta deposition, and blood biomarkers in Chinese Han population
Authors: Guo Yuhuai , Huang Lin , Kuang Junliang , Sun Tao , Zhang Xiaoyan , Tian Haili , Xie Fang , Chen Tianlu , Guo Qihao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe physical function of elderly individuals reflects whether they have had a history of regular physical activity over the long term. Such indicators have been found to have a certain connection with cognitive function these years. However, there is limited research that associates it with mechanisms such as cerebral Aβ deposition. We aim to investigate this relationship and unveil the underlying mechanisms.MethodPhysical function and cognition data of 4189 participants were obtained from the Chinese preclinical Alzheimer's disease study. Participants were divided into six groups according to disease severity. Among them, 1048 participants underwent the positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) and plasma biomarker test. Grip strength and gait were combined into a score indicating physical function. Multiple linear regression models and logistic regression models were mainly used to conduct the analysis.ResultsThere was a significant positive correlation between physical function and cognitive function (R = 0.48, p < 0.001), independent of sex, age, apolipoprotein E‐ε4 genotype, and disease stages (p < 0.001). Physical function was effective in distinguishing individuals with cognitive impairment from those without (AUC = 0.835). Physical function was negatively associated with brain Aβ deposition (p = 0.008) and brain Aβ had an intermediary effect (p < 0.01) on the association between physical function and cognition in women. This association was mainly evident in the lateral parietal, lateral temporal, posterior cingulate, frontal, occipital, and precuneus regions. Physical function was negatively associated with plasma neurofilament light‐chain (Nfl) level (p < 0.001).ConclusionsPhysical function is strongly associated with cognitive function in the Chinese elderly, and brain Aβ deposition partly mediates the linkage in women. Plasma Nfl can be used as a potential target for exercise intervention in cognitive function. Improving physical function will contribute to the alleviation of cognition decline.
Rapid on‐site evaluation of fine‐needle aspiration specimens using cytotechnologist‐performed telecytology: Insights and advantages
Authors: Tinnirello Agata Angelita 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith multiple health care centres expanding and implementing remotely controlled technologies, the role of cytopathology laboratories will become crucial in optimizing collection and assessment of small biopsy specimens for diagnosis and personalized treatment. Cytopathology services provide rapid assessments of samples obtained from fine‐needle aspirations and occasionally core needle biopsies (analysed by touch imprints). Over the past few decades, the cost barrier for hospitals, especially small ones, to support a cytopathologist or cytotechnologist for rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) has been reduced by the introduction of computerized microscopes that allow cytopathologists to perform ROSE without being present at the satellite laboratory (i.e. remotely). Utilization of the cytotechnologist's experience in ROSE alongside these technologies made it possible to perform ROSE with telecytology (ROSE‐TC), which positively impacts diagnosis and treatment and also lowers the cost of care. The satellite laboratories that successfully implemented ROSE‐TC operate with experienced cytotechnologists who, working independently between the cytopathology laboratory and the biopsy suite, prepare the smears and stain the slides on site for the distant cytopathologists, who can evaluate the slides remotely (usually from their office) simply using the facility intranet. This article aims to encourage big and small centres to use senior‐level cytotechnologists for both ROSE and ROSE‐TC. This article also defines different types of ROSE, explains our institution's approach to ROSE procedures, and outlines some experience‐driven considerations for successful ROSE‐TC and its future evolution.
Automatic tablet‐based monoplane quantification of stroke volume and left ventricular ejection fraction: A comparative assessment against computer‐based biplane and monoplane tools
Authors: de Raat Frederique M. , Bingley Peter , Bouwmeester Sjoerd , Felix Suzanne E. A. , Montenij Leon J. , Bouwman Arthur R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPoint‐of‐care cardiovascular left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) quantification is established, but automatic tablet‐based stroke volume (SV) quantification with handheld ultrasound (HAND) devices is unexplored. We evaluated a tablet‐based monoplane LVEF and LV volume quantification tool (AutoEF) against a computer‐based tool (Tomtec) for LVEF and SV quantification.MethodsPatients underwent HAND scans, and LVEF and SV were quantified using AutoEF and computer‐based software that utilized either apical four‐chamber views (Auto Strain‐monoplane [AS‐mono]) or both apical four‐chamber and apical two‐chamber views (Auto Strain‐biplane [AS‐bi]). Correlation and Bland–Altman analysis were used to compare AutoEF with AS‐mono and AS‐bi.ResultsOut of 43 participants, eight were excluded. AutoEF showed a correlation of .83 [.69:.91] with AS‐mono for LVEF and .68 [.44:.82] for SV. The correlation with AS‐bi was .79 [.62:.89] for LVEF and .66 [.42:.81] for SV. The bias between AutoEF and AS‐mono was 4.88% [3.15:6.61] for LVEF and 17.46 mL [12.99:21.92] for SV. The limits of agreement (LOA) were [−5.50:15.26]% for LVEF and [−8.02:42.94] mL for SV. The bias between AutoEF and AS‐bi was 6.63% [5.31:7.94] for LVEF and 20.62 mL [16.18:25.05] for SV, with LOA of [−1.20:14.47]% for LVEF and [−4.71:45.94] mL for SV.ConclusionLVEF quantification with AutoEF software was accurate and reliable, but SV quantification showed limitations, indicating non‐interchangeability with neither AS‐mono nor AS‐bi. Further refinement of AutoEF is needed for reliable SV quantification at the point of care.
Respiratory dysfunction in old mice could be related to inflammation and lung fibrosis induced by hyperphosphatemia
Authors: Asenjo‐Bueno Ana , Alcalde‐Estévez Elena , Olmos Gemma , Martínez‐Miguel Patricia , Ruiz‐Torres María Piedad , López‐Ongil Susana 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith age, lungs undergo typical changes that lead to a deterioration of respiratory function. Our aim was to assess the role of age‐associated hyperphosphatemia in these changes.MethodsWe used C57BL6 mice to study an ageing model in vivo and human lung fibroblasts were treated with a phosphate donor, beta‐glycerophosphate (BGP), to explore mechanisms involved. Respiratory function was registered with a double chamber plethysmograph. Lung structure was analysed by different staining, phosphate and cytokines levels by colorimeric kits, expression of fibrosis, inflammation and ET‐1 system by western blot or RT‐PCR.ResultsOld mice showed hyperphosphatemia, along with lung fibrosis, loss of elastin, increased expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and impaired respiratory function. BGP induced inflammation and fibrosis in fibroblasts through the activation and binding of NFkB to the MCP‐1 or FN promoters. BGP increased ECE‐1 expression by inducing NFkB binding to the ECE‐1 promoter. QNZ, an NFkB inhibitor, blocked these effects. When ECE‐1 was inhibited with phosphoramidon, BGP‐induced inflammation and fibrosis were significantly reduced, suggesting a role for ET‐1 in BGP‐mediated effects.ET‐1 produced effects similar to those of BGP, which were also dependent on NFkB. To study the pathophysiological relevance of hyperphosphatemia in vivo, a low‐P diet was administered to a group of old animals, showing an improvement in fibrosis, inflammation and respiratory function compared to old mice on a standard diet.ConclusionThese results suggest that age‐related hyperphosphatemia induces inflammation, fibrosis, and impaired respiratory function in old mice; these effects appear to be mediated by ET‐1 and NFkB activation.
Depicting the landscape of research on teacher emotion in early childhood education: A systematic review
Authors: Qin Han , Schoeps Konstanze , Yin Hongbiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEarly childhood teachers' emotions have increasingly received the attention of researchers in the past decades. The present study conducted a systematic review of the research on early childhood teachers' emotions published in English up to 2022. Based on evidence from 103 empirical studies, the results presented the significant roles of early childhood teachers' emotions in teaching and learning in early childhood education. A conceptual model was developed to illustrate how early childhood teachers' emotions are viewed at the intrapersonal, interpersonal and sociocultural levels. Most of existing studies adopted quantitative methods to explore early childhood teachers' emotions at the intrapersonal level, and a strong link between research methods and research themes was revealed. Implications for future research are discussed.
Severity and organ distribution of graft‐versus‐host disease with post‐transplant cyclophosphamide versus calcineurin inhibitor plus methotrexate/mycophenolate mofetil or sirolimus in allogenic HLA‐matched or single‐allele mismatched stem cell transplantation
Authors: Redondo Sara , García‐Cadenas Irene , Esquirol Albert , Portos J. M. , Iranzo Eva , Arguello‐Tomas Miguel , Saavedra Silvana , Oñate Guadalupe , Caballero Ana‐Carolina , Garrido Ana , López Jordi , Muntañola Ana , Paviglianiti Annalisa , Miqueleiz Sara , Sierra Jorge , Briones Javier , Martino Rodrigo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis retrospective single center study aims to describe changes in the severity and organ‐specific distribution of GvHD, by comparing the outcomes of 3 distinct GvHD prophylaxis approaches.MethodsBetween January 2012 and June 2022, 226 patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from HLA‐matched or 1‐allele mismatched related or unrelated donors. Fifty‐eight (26%) received prophylaxis with calcineurin inhibitor in combination with mycophenolate mofetil or a short course of methotrexate (Cohort‐1), 87 (38%) tacrolimus plus sirolimus (Cohort‐2), and 81 (36%) post‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) plus tacrolimus (Cohort‐3).ResultsThe incidence of grade II‐IV aGvHD was 69% vs. 41.4% vs. 27.2%; p < .01. The most significant reduction with PTCy was observed in both stage 3–4 skin and lower gastrointestinal (GI) involvement (p < .01). The incidence of moderate‐to‐severe cGvHD at 12 months was 34.5% vs. 34.5% vs. 6.2%; p < .01. Moderate‐to‐severe skin and GI cGvHD was less common after PTCy (p < .01). The 1‐year GvHD‐free/relapse‐free survival was higher with PTCy (p < .01).ConclusionsOur study indicates that PTCy‐based GvHD prophylaxis reduces the frequency and severity of both acute and chronic GvHD, with a notable decrease in severe GI and cutaneous manifestations. The higher GRFS may result in lower GvHD‐related mortality, leading to an improved quality of life among survivors.
Presumed intraosseous abscess of the hard palate in a mare
Authors: DiRubio Mattisen L. , Wright Alexandra L. , Reesink Heidi L. , Pugliese Brenna R. , Earley Edward T. , Scrivani Peter V. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryA 20‐year‐old Warmblood broodmare was admitted to evaluate bilateral nasal discharge (primarily left) and difficulty masticating grain, without weight loss. During oral endoscopy, thick purulent discharge (pus) was seen along the palatal gingival attachment of the left maxillary third and fourth premolars (207, 208 Triadan). Nasal endoscopy encountered difficulties owing to an expansile lesion at the level of the left ventral conchal bullae, preventing examination of caudal structures. This enlargement also displaced the nasal septum to the right, obstructing the right common nasal meatus at the level of the right ventral conchal bulla. Radiography localised the anomaly to the left maxillary region, extending over the apices of the left maxillary third and fourth premolars (Triadan 207, 208) and first molar (Triadan 209). The abnormality was large, solitary, round and delineated by a thin bony rim. Further characterisation through computed tomography showed suspected origination from the hard palate, specifically the palatine process of the left maxilla. The abnormality had a mixed attenuation later confirmed to represent gas, pus and feed material. The abnormality communicated with the oral and left nasal cavities and was associated with complete absence of alveolar and compact bone on the medial (palatal) aspect of 207, 208 and 209. Based on the purulent discharge and imaging findings, the abnormality was interpreted as a presumed intraosseous abscess of the hard palate with impacted foreign material and concurrent ipsilateral sinorhinitis and periodontitis. The abscess was debrided, and the horse was treated medically for osteomyelitis, sinorhinitis and periodontitis. All clinical signs resolved within 16 months post‐surgery, and the precise source of infection leading to abscess formation remained inconclusive. This case report underscores the role of advanced imaging in diagnosing horses with chronic nasal discharge and explores potential pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of intraosseous abscesses of the hard palate.
Preclinical evidence of the anti‐inflammatory effect and toxicological safety of aryl‐cyclohexanone in vivo
Authors: Lubschinski Tainá Larissa , Pollo Luiz Antonio Escorteganha , de Oliveira Paula Giarola Fragoso , Nardino Luigi Arruda , Mohr Eduarda Talita Bramorski , da Silva Buss Ziliani , Sandjo Louis Pergaud , Biavatti Maique Weber , Daltoé Felipe Perozzo , Dalmarco Eduardo Monguilhott 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory distress syndrome is a complex inflammatory condition defined by the presence of acute hypoxemia and cellular infiltration with diffuse alveolar injury following a tissue injury, such as acute lung injury. The inflammatory process involved in this pathology is a defense mechanism of the body against infectious agents and/or tissue injuries. However, when the condition is not reversed, it becomes a significant cause of tissue damage, sometimes leading to loss of function of the affected organ. Therefore, it is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying inflammation, as well as the development of new therapeutic agents that reduce inflammatory damage in these cases. Aryl‐cyclohexanone derivatives have previously shown significant anti‐inflammatory activity linked to an immunomodulatory capacity in vitro and may be good candidates for therapies in which inflammation plays a central role.MethodsWas evaluated the anti‐inflammatory capacity of a synthesized molecule aryl‐cyclohexanone in the murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced acute lung injury. The assessment of acute oral toxicity follows the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) guideline 423.ResultsThe results demonstrated that the studied molecule protects against LPS‐induced inflammation. We observed a decrease in the migration of total and differential leukocytes to the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), in addition to a reduction in exudation, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitric oxide metabolites, and the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (alpha tumor necrosis factors [TNF‐α], interleukin‐6 [IL‐6], interferon‐gamma [IFN‐γ], and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 [MCP‐1]). Finally, aryl cyclohexanone did not show signs of acute oral toxicity (OECD 423).ConclusionsThe results prove our hypothesis that aryl‐cyclohexanone is a promising molecule for developing a new, safe anti‐inflammatory drug.
Diet Evolution and Body Temperature in Tetrapods: Cool Old Carnivores and Hot Young Herbivores
Authors: Saban Kristen E. , Wiens John J. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTAimDiet is a key aspect of life in animals. There have been numerous independent origins of herbivorous diet across animals, but the factors that explain these origins remain poorly understood. One potentially crucial factor is body temperature (Tb), as the gut‐dwelling bacteria that help digest cellulose in many herbivores are thought to require high temperatures. However, analyses in birds, lizards and mammals found only limited evidence for higher Tb in herbivores than in carnivores. These analyses tested whether diet explains Tb evolution. Here, we focus instead on testing whether Tb helps explain the evolution of diet across tetrapods.LocationGlobal.Time PeriodPast 350 million years.Major Taxa StudiedTetrapods.MethodsWe analysed 1712 species with matched data on diet and Tb using diverse phylogenetic methods.ResultsAncestral reconstructions indicated that tetrapods likely had a carnivorous ancestor, followed by repeated transitions to omnivory and herbivory, especially in the last 110 million years. Thus, extant herbivorous lineages in tetrapods are relatively young, in contrast to many older carnivorous lineages. They are also relatively unstable in that reversals from herbivory back to omnivory and from omnivory back to carnivory were as frequent as the origins of herbivory and omnivory. Using phylogenetic logistic regression, we support the hypothesis that higher Tb helps explain the evolution of herbivory across tetrapods and within birds, mammals, lepidosaurs and turtles. Phylogenetic path analyses suggest that Tb generally drives the evolution of herbivory, and not vice versa. Our analyses also suggest that Tb is more important for the evolution of herbivory than large body size or diurnal diel activity, which are both significant predictors of herbivory in some cases.Main ConclusionsOur results show for the first time that Tb is a significant predictor of diet evolution among and within many major animal clades.
Effect of web‐based education intervention on blood glucose control, self‐care and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes: A single‐blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Terkes Nurten , Bektas Hicran , Balci Mustafa Kemal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to assess the effects of web‐based education on blood glucose control, self‐care and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA single‐blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist at a university hospital in Turkey. The study included 89 patients with type 2 diabetes who were randomly divided into an intervention group (44) and a control group (45). Participants in the intervention group participated in a 3‐month web‐based education programme.ResultsThe findings indicated that there were no significant differences in sociodemographic characteristics and illness features between the intervention and control groups, and both were homogeneous. A statistically significant decrease of 0.71 was observed in the HbA1c (%) level of the intervention group following web‐based education. Following web‐based education, there was a significant difference in body mass index (kg/m2) and waist circumferences (cm) between the intervention and control groups. The intervention group displayed significantly improved self‐care and quality of life over the 3‐month period (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study suggests that web‐based education can enhance the self‐care and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes.
On Frequency and Probability Weights: An In‐Depth Look at Duelling Weights
Authors: Lin Tuo , Chen Ruohui , Liu Jinyuan , Wu Tsungchin , Gui Toni T. , Li Yangyi , Huang Xinyi , Yang Kun , Chen Guanqing , Chen Tian , Strong David R. , Messer Karen , Tu Xin M. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryProbability weights have been widely used in addressing selection bias arising from a variety of contexts. Common examples of probability weights include sampling weights, missing data weights, and propensity score weights. Frequency weights, which are used to control for varying variabilities of aggregated outcomes, are both conceptually and analytically different from probability weights. Popular software such as R, SAS and STATA support both types of weights. Many users, including professional statisticians, become bewildered when they see identical estimates, but different standard errors and ‐values when probability weights are treated as frequency weights. Some even completely ignore the difference between the two types of weights and treat them as the same. Although a large body of literature exists on each type of weights, we have found little, if any, discussion that provides head‐to‐head comparisons of the two types of weights and associated inference methods. In this paper, we unveil the conceptual and analytic differences between the two types of weights within the context of parametric and semi‐parametric generalised linear models (GLM) and discuss valid inference for each type of weights. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that looks into such differences by identifying the conditions under which the two types of weights can be treated the same analytically and providing clear guidance on the appropriate statistical models and inference procedures for each type of weights. We illustrate these considerations using real study data.