bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stratégie optimale de stockage de déchets radioactifs à vie longue sous contrainte de capacité
Authors: Villeneuve Bertrand 
Published: June 2013

L’article modélise un programme de gestion de déchets nucléaires à haute activité. La physique du refroidissement permet d’entreposer un certain temps un colis chaud afin d’économiser le volume de stockage définitif : en effet, les colis plus froids peuvent être davantage serrés. La durée optimale théorique d’entreposage sans contrainte est caractérisée. Les diverses contraintes (contrainte sur la capacité de stockage, contrainte sur la durée d’entreposage, contrainte sur la capacité d’entreposage) sont envisagées. Elles conduisent à des traitements très différenciés selon les millésimes.
Bulgaria's Export Prices and Pricing-To-Market Behaviour
Authors: Penkova-Pearson Emilia 
Published: June 2013

L’article teste la possibilité de discrimination par les prix à l’exportation pour les industries textiles et manufacturières en Bulgarie, sur la période 1998-2008. Une estimation en panel est faite avec l’estimation d’un modèle linéaire à effets fixes. On met en évidence une discrimination dans les exportations vers l’Union européenne – où les prix des exportations sont assez stables dans la monnaie de destination – même si cette discrimination n’est pas très forte et principalement ex post. Il n’y a pas de preuve empirique que ce comportement de pricing-to-market existe en ce qui concerne les exportations vers les Balkans ou vers les nouveaux membres de l’Union européenne. JEL Code : C23, F14, P20
Les objets de mémoire ou la ruine au quotidien
Authors: Cuartas Pablo 
Published: June 2013

Bien qu’elle soit souvent associée à de « grands lieux », la notion de ruine s’avère pertinente pour l’analyse des objets qui peuplent le « monde-de-la-vie ». Elle peut éclaircir, plus précisément, les relations que l’on établit avec des objets qui évoquent un passé révolu et réveillent la mémoire. En ce sens, on se propose d’élargir la portée herméneutique de cette notion, afin qu’elle devienne opératoire dans la compréhension d’autres vestiges, de traces autres : ces objets de mémoire qui actualisent une expérience de la ruine au quotidien.
La force des fissures
Authors: Mons Alain 
Published: June 2013

Il y a une puissance du fragile qui se manifeste dans le phénomène et la question des fissures à l’œuvre dans différents domaines sensibles : la texture des villes, les arts contemporains. Celles-ci sont aussi bien matérielles que mentales, et se fondent dans un devenir-ruine propre à des territoires existentiels. Nous pouvons ressentir un tel processus dans le jeu entre l’extérieur et l’intérieur des bâtiments de certaines villes, ou avec certaines créations. Le temps se niche dans les aspérités, les traces, les détails infimes, participant d’une décomposition clandestine des structures d’un ordre. Un futur antérieur se manifeste à travers des spectralités vivantes, délicates, constituées par l’expérience des coprésences dans la sédimentation urbaine, ou bien avec une esthétique de la vacance. A contrario des modélisations systémiques ont lieu les vagabondages mentaux, les choses passagères, le trouble dont nous faisons l’expérience dans les espaces sensibles. Plus le système (urbain, visuel, médiatique, politique, économique) se clôture sur lui-même et plus les lignes de fuite prospèrent. Les surfaces hypermodernes sont perforées par des anfractuosités secrètes, la fissure devient une faille, ou un glissement de terrain. Il s’agit de rendre compte de l’imperfection du réel, d’entrapercevoir le monde en ses mouvements obscurs, selon une anthropologie singulière.
Sociologie sémantico-logique des ruines: pour une herméneutique hybride de la ruine du Web 2.0 au Web 3.0
Authors: Andrade Pedro 
Published: June 2013

Le terme ruine renvoie, à la fois, à un processus social complexe et à un concept polysémique. Les ruines constituent également un phénomène qui a une nature relationnelle. Par conséquent, une étude sociologique possible se constitue à partir des deux piliers suivants : (a) des concepts interprétés en utilisant une posture sémantique à l’égard du social et du sociologique ; (b) des relations sociales de nature logique et hybride. Ce texte développe ce type de réflexion en utilisant les outils théoriques et méthodologiques construits au sein d’un paradigme sociologique nommé Sociologie sémantico-logique et à l’intérieur de l’une de ses tactiques, l’Hybridologie sociale, qui utilise en particulier un style d’interprétation désigné Herméneutique hybride. Cette méthodologie est appliquée à l’analyse de contenu et de discours de la page « Ruins » de Wikipédia, en essayant d’y extraire les sens polymorphes qui traduisent l’imaginaire subjacent à la forme sociale « ruine ».
The Role of Issue Familiarity and Social Norms: Findings on New College Students’ Alcohol use Intentions
Authors: Rimal Rajiv N. , Mollen Saar 
Published: June 2013

Background Scholars in a variety of disciplines are interested in understanding the conditions under which social norms affect human behavior. Following the distinction made between descriptive and injunctive norms by the focus theory of normative conduct, the theory of normative social behavior predicts that the influence of descriptive norms on behavior is moderated by injunctive norms, outcome expectations, and group identity. We extended the theory by testing the proposition that the influence of descriptive norms on behavior would be greater under conditions of greater issue familiarity, defined as the ease with which one can cognitively access the behavior or behavioral issue. Design and Methods The model was tested in the domain of alcohol consumption intentions by conducting a survey among incoming students (n=719) to a large university in the United States. Data indicated that students in the sample were well representative of the university population. Results The influence of descriptive norms on behavioral intentions was moderated by issue familiarity, as predicted. Familiarity was a facilitator of behavior: the influence of descriptive norms on behavioral intentions was greater under conditions of high, rather than low, familiarity. The overall model explained 53% of the variance in alcohol consumption intentions. Conclusions Public health interventions promoting health behaviors need to take into account the extent to which the behaviors are familiar to the target audience. The influence of norms appears to be weaker when the behavior is unfamiliar or novel. Implications for theory and interventions for reducing alcohol consumption are discussed.
The Value of an Allotment Group for Refugees
Authors: Bishop Ruth , Purcell Elizabeth 
Published: June 2013

Introduction: Refugees experience a number of difficulties when settling in the United Kingdom and may be faced with occupational injustice due to their restricted occupational engagement. This study explores the value of an allotment group for refugees of working age, aiming to explore the role of horticulture and the social environment on health, wellbeing and social inclusion. Method: This was an exploratory study using qualitative methodology based on ethnographic principles. Data collection included observation of the group, semi-structured interviews with five participants, with four of these participants also taking part in photo-elicitation interviews. Data analysis involved using a ‘framework’ approach to produce three themes and associated sub-themes. Findings: Analysis identified firstly gardening as a meaningful activity; secondly, the importance of the social environment and, lastly, the value of occupational engagement for refugees. Further theoretical analysis led to the conclusion that these themes linked to the dimensions of occupation: doing, being, belonging and becoming. Conclusion: The findings identify how occupational engagement can have a positive impact on the health and wellbeing of refugees, specifically with the use of social and therapeutic horticulture.
Lessons Learned for Collaborative Clinical Content Development
Authors: Bavuso K. , Zuccotti G. , Rocha R.A. , Collins S.A. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryBackground: Site-specific content configuration of vendor-based Electronic Health Records (EHRs) is a vital step in the development of standardized and interoperable content that can be used for clinical decision-support, reporting, care coordination, and information exchange. The multi-site, multi-stakeholder Acute Care Documentation (ACD) project at Partners Healthcare Systems (PHS) aimed to develop highly structured clinical content with adequate breadth and depth to meet the needs of all types of acute care clinicians at two academic medical centers. The Knowledge Management (KM) team at PHS led the informatics and knowledge management effort for the project.Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the role, governance, and project management processes and resources for the KM team’s effort as part of the standardized clinical content creation.Methods: We employed the Center for Disease Control’s six step Program Evaluation Framework to guide our evaluation steps. We administered a forty-four question, open-ended, semi-structured voluntary survey to gather focused, credible evidence from members of the KM team. Qualitative open-coding was performed to identify themes for lessons learned and concluding recommendations.Results: Six surveys were completed. Qualitative data analysis informed five lessons learned and thirty specific recommendations associated with the lessons learned. The five lessons learned are: 1) Assess and meet knowledge needs and set expectations at the start of the project; 2) Define an accountable decision-making process; 3) Increase team meeting moderation skills; 4) Ensure adequate resources and competency training with online asynchronous collaboration tools; 5) Develop focused, goal-oriented teams and supportive, consultative service based teams.Conclusions: Knowledge management requirements for the development of standardized clinical content within a vendor-based EHR among multi-stakeholder teams and sites include: 1) assessing and meeting informatics knowledge needs, 2) setting expectations and standardizing the process for decision-making, and 3) ensuring the availability of adequate resources and competency training.Citation: Collins SA, Bavuso K, Zuccotti G, Rocha RA. Lessons learned for collaborative clinical content development Appl Clin Inf 2013; 4: 304–316http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2013-02-CR-0014
Réactions des parents à la suite du dévoilement de l’orientation sexuelle de leur
enfant gai, lesbienne ou bisexuel
Authors: D’Amico Émilie , Julien Danielle , Tremblay Nicole , Chartrand Élise 
Published: June 2013

Nous connaissons mal les réalités des parents qui apprennent que leur jeune est
gai, lesbienne ou bisexuel. Cet article présente l’analyse de contenu d’entrevues menées
auprès de 12 parents d’un jeune GLB. L’entrevue porte sur le contexte familial
pré-coming out, les changements des dynamiques conjugale, parentale, familiale et
sociale à la suite du coming out, et l’impact des réactions parentales sur le
bien-être identitaire et psychosocial du jeune. Les analyses révèlent 10 dimensions de
réactions parentales regroupées dans les catégories suivantes : préoccupations parentales
avec l’orientation sexuelle du jeune et soutien social. Ces dimensions peuvent être utiles
aux intervenants qui oeuvrent auprès des familles avec un jeune GLB.
Effectiveness of Mastoid Process Percussion for Identification of the Vertebral Artery Ostium on Doppler Studies
Authors: Lau Hang Yee , Lui Dilys Choi Yu , Lombardo Paul , Schneider-Kolsky Michal 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesThe pretransverse or first segment of the vertebral artery may be confused with adjacent branches of the proximal subclavian artery during Doppler assessment. This study investigated the effectiveness of mastoid process percussion, the “mastoid tap” maneuver, for identification of the vertebral artery ostium.MethodsFifty patients presenting consecutively for carotid sonography were recruited. Doppler waveforms were collected at the vertebral artery ostia, thyrocervical trunks, and proximal subclavian arteries while the mastoid tap maneuver was performed. The outcome indicator was serrate distortion of the Doppler waveform. Two raters graded the waveforms according to a 3‐grade system: grade 0, no distortion; grade 1, mild distortion; and grade 3, marked distortion. The difference between the proportions of the vertebral artery ostia and thyrocervical trunks showing waveform distortion was evaluated with the χ2 test. The differences in the extents of waveform distortion in the ipsilateral vertebral artery ostia, thyrocervical trunks, and subclavian arteries were evaluated with Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank tests.ResultsNinety‐five vertebral artery ostia in 50 patients were successfully assessed. There was a significant difference between the proportions of vertebral artery ostia (95 of 95 [100%]) and thyrocervical trunks (9 of 95 [9.5%]) that showed waveform distortion (P < .001). There were significant differences in the extents of distortion between the ipsilateral vertebral artery ostia and thyrocervical trunks and between the ipsilateral vertebral artery ostia and subclavian arteries, with the vertebral artery ostia showing a higher degree of distortion in both cases (P < .001).ConclusionsThe mastoid tap maneuver is useful for distinguishing between the vertebral arteries and thyrocervical trunks on Doppler studies.
Perfusion Heterogeneity in Breast Tumors for Assessment of Angiogenesis
Authors: Li Ying-Jia , Wen Ge , Wang Ying , Wang Dong-Xiao , Yang Li , Deng Yong-Jian , Wei Hong-Qin , He Jie , Zhang Xia , Gu Ying-Shi 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the perfusion heterogeneity of malignant and benign breast tumors and assay their vascular architecture changes and molecular expression, thereby evaluating the relevance between imaging and histologic characteristics of angiogenesis.MethodsReal‐time grayscale contrast‐enhanced sonography was performed in 310 women with 317 breast tumors. The enhancement patterns and perfusion parameters for malignant and benign tumors were analyzed by contrast‐enhanced sonography with microvascular imaging and quantitative time‐intensity curve analysis. Structural characteristics were observed by light and electron microscopy. The microvessel density, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and human kinase insert domain‐containing receptor (KDR) expression for all tumors were assessed by immunohistochemical staining of CD31, KDR, and VEGF.ResultsSurgical pathologic analysis showed 163 malignant and 154 benign tumors. Significant morphologic differences, including perfusion defects, vessel distortion, vessel dilatation, and heterogeneous enhancement, were observed between the malignant and benign groups (P < .05). The mean perfusion parameters (peak intensity, ascending slope, area under the curve, and wash‐out time) were greater in the malignant tumors (P < .05). There were significant differences in the peak intensity, ascending slope, area under the curve, and wash‐out time between peripheral and central regions of the malignant tumors (P < .05) but none in the benign tumors. Vessels had various morphologic and distributional characteristics in the peripheral and central regions of the malignant tumors. The microvessel density and VEGF and KDR expression were significantly higher in the malignant group (P < .05), especially in the peripheral regions.ConclusionsPerfusion heterogeneity was closely associated with the tumor microvascular architecture and molecular expression. Perfusion features, especially regional morphologic and hemodynamic features, can provide valuable information for differentiating malignant from benign breast tumors.
Evaluation of the Vascular Architecture of Focal Liver Lesions Using Micro Flow Imaging
Authors: Yang Hong , Liu Guang-Jian , Lu Ming-De , Xu Hui-Xiong , Xie Xiao-Yan 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesTo identify the vascular architecture of focal liver lesions using micro flow imaging and compare it with characteristics on contrast harmonic imaging during the arterial phase.MethodsMicro flow imaging and contrast harmonic imaging were performed in 118 patients with various focal liver lesions: hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 70), metastasis(n = 19), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n = 3), lymphoma (n = 1), hemangioma (n = 17), and focal nodular hyperplasia (n = 8). The vascular architecture of the lesions on micro flow imaging was evaluated by 2 investigators independently to reveal 6 patterns (types IVI). Enhancement characteristics on contrast harmonic imaging were also evaluated.ResultsInter‐reader agreement for delineating the vascular architecture was higher on contrast harmonic imaging (κ= 0.856) than micro flow imaging (κ= 0.613). On micro flow imaging, the vascular patterns of hepatocellular carcinomas were types I (28.6%), II (65.7%), and III (5.7%). On contrast harmonic imaging, 44 of 70 (62.9%) hepatocellular carcinomas showed chaotic vessels, of which 40 were type II and 4 were type II. The vascular patterns of metastases were types IV (78.9%), I (10.5%), and II (10.5%). Typical rim enhancement was identified in 57.9% of metastases on contrast harmonic imaging, and all were type IV. The vascular patterns of focal nodular hyperplasia were types VI (87.5%) and I (12.5%). Typical spoked wheel arteries were identified on contrast harmonic imaging in 2 focal nodular hyperplasia cases. The vascular patterns of hemangiomas were types V (94.1%) and II (5.9%). Typical peripheral nodular enhancement was identified in 88.2% of hemangiomas on contrast harmonic imaging, and all were type V. The χ2 test revealed that differences in vascular architecture between the lesions were significant on micro flow imaging (P < .001).ConclusionsMicro flow imaging permitted detailed delineation of the vascular architecture of focal liver lesions. Hepatocellular carcinoma, metastasis, focal nodular hyperplasia, and hemangioma showed characteristic vascular architecture.
Normative Data for Quantitative Calcaneal Ultrasonometry in Turkish Children Aged 6 to 14 Years
Authors: Yesil Pinar , Durmaz Berrin , Atamaz Funda C. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesQuantitative ultrasonometry is commonly used to assess bone health. The aim of this study was to define normative data for the stiffness index of the calcaneus in healthy Turkish children.MethodsQuantitative ultrasonometric measurements of the calcaneus were obtained in 1617 healthy schoolchildren (811 boys and 806 girls) aged 6 to 14 years.ResultsThe stiffness index increased by 19.3% and 12% in boys and girls, respectively. The greatest increases were seen in the age groups of 12 to 13 and 13 to 14 years in boys (3.9%) and 11 to 12 and 12 to 13 years in girls (4.1%). There was a significant increase in stiffness index values among all Tanner stages except stage 4 (P < .05). Although the stiffness index was related to age, weight, and height, no correlation was seen between the stiffness index and calcium intake or physical activity.ConclusionsThis study provides stiffness index data by age group and Tanner stage that may be useful for assessment of the bone status of Turkish children and can serve as comparative data for other patient groups.
Light Enhanced Electron Transduction and Amplified Sensing at a Nanostructure Modified Semiconductor Interface
Authors: Laminack William I. , Gole James L. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractVisible and UV light are demonstrated to significantly enhance the sensing properties of an n‐type porous silicon (PS) extrinsic semiconductor interface to which TiO2 and titanium oxynitride (TiO2‐xNx) photocatalytic nanostructures are fractionally deposited. The acid/base chemistry of NH3, a moderately strong base, and NO2, a moderately strong acid, couples to the majority charge carriers of the doped semiconductor as the strong acid (TiO2) enhances the extraction of electrons from NH3, and the more basic TiO2‐xNx decreases the efficiency of electron extraction relative to the untreated interface. In contrast, NO2 and a TiO2 or TiO2‐xNx nanostructure‐decorated PS interface compete for the available electrons leading to a distinct time dependent electron transduction dynamics as a function of TiO2 and TiO2‐xNx concentration. Only small concentrations of TiO2 and its oxynitride and no self‐assembly are required to enhance the response of the decorated interface. With light intensities of less than a few lumens/cm2‐sterad‐nm, responses are enhanced by up to 150% through interaction with visible (and UV) radiation. These light intensities should be compared to the sun's radiation level, ≈500 lumens/cm2‐sterad‐nm suggesting the possibility of solar pumped sensors. The observed behavior in these systems is largely explained by the recently developed Inverse Hard/Soft Acid/Base (IHSAB) concept.
Improved Performance and Stability of Inverted Organic Solar Cells with Sol–Gel Processed, Amorphous Mixed Metal Oxide Electron Extraction Layers Comprising Alkaline Earth Metals
Authors: Pachoumi Olympia , Li Cheng , Vaynzof Yana , Banger Kulbinder K. , Sirringhaus Henning 
Published: June 2013

AbstractStability of organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) is a limiting factor for their commercialization and still remains a major challenge whilst power conversion efficiencies are now approaching minimum requirements. The inverted organic solar cell (iOSC) architecture shows promising potential for improving significantly the cell's working lifetime. However, when solution processed ZnO is used as electron extraction layer, an undesirable light‐soaking step is commonly required before the device reaches a non‐permanent maximum performance. This work investigates the use of Sr and Ba doped ZnO films, ZnSrO and ZnBaO, formed by sol‐gel deposition using molecular alkoxide precursor solutions, as electron extraction layers in a model iOSCs with poly [3‐hexylthiophene] (P3HT): [6, 6]‐phenyl C60 butyl acid methyl ester (PCBM) as the active layer. We show that using these ternary oxides the light‐soaking step can be circumvented by preventing a dipole forming between the oxide and the active organic layer as supported by electroabsorption spectroscopy measurements of the device built‐in field. It is suggested that Sr or Ba doping results in suppression/reduction of the oxygen adsorption at mobile oxygen vacancy sites on the metal oxide surface. Like in thin film transistor (TFT) applications, where materials like InGaZnO are rapidly becoming an important technology, the use of amorphous, mixed metal oxides allows improving the performance and stability of interfacial charge extraction layers for organic solar cells.
Electron g‐factor determinations in Penning traps
Authors: Sturm Sven , Werth Günter , Blaum Klaus 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe magnetic moment of the electron, expressed by the g‐factor in units of the Bohr magneton, is a key quantity in the theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED). Experiments using single particles confined in Penning traps have provided very precise values of the g‐factor for the free electron as well as the electron bound in hydrogen‐like ions. In this paper the status of these experiments is reviewed. The results allow testing calculations of higher order Feynman diagrams. Comparison of experimental and theoretical results for free and bound particles show no discrepancy within the limits of error, thus representing to date the most sensitive test of QED. Moreover, the g‐factor provides a unique access to fundamental constants, as e.g. the electron mass or the fine structure constant.