bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical management controversy caused by a rare case of silver clip detachment and displacement after tubal silver clip sterilization
Authors: Zheng Chunyan , Wu Guangxing , Wu Linli , Zheng Yaqin , Li Zijun 
Published: July 2024

Introduction and importance:
The treatment of rare long-term complications such as ectopic silver clips after tubal silver clip sterilization, still follows the principle of removing metal foreign body (MFB) in the abdominal cavity: first choice removal, which seems to be a habitual treatment method by clinical gynecologists. However, this measure has recently been greatly questioned.

Case presentation:
A 54-year-old postmenopausal woman who had undergone tubal sterilization with a silver clip 32 years ago, presented to the emergency department (ED) with severe left upper abdominal colic, paroxysmal, accompanied by vomiting and radiating pain. Her vital signs were stable, and an emergency routine urine test showed microscopic hematuria. Preliminary consideration was given to ureteral stones, and abdominal pain was relieved after treatment. Abdominal computed tomography confirmed the previous consideration, but unexpectedly found that the left tubal sterilization metal clip disappeared and was ectopic in the perihepatic space.

Clinical discussion:
This traditional conception of removing MFB in the abdominal cavity is often accepted by many surgeons. Based on the management measures of this case and the systematic review of the literature, we found that the detached ectopic silver clip did not cause serious long-term complications, possibly due to its good tissue receptivity and other characteristics.

Conclusion:
Although an ectopic silver clip is an MFB in the abdominal cavity, it has been increasingly shown that removing the silver clip is not necessary because of the good receptivity of silver to human tissue and the uncertainty of long-term side effects on the human body.
Leishmaniasis in transplant patients: what do we know so far?
Authors: Monge-Maillo Begoña , López-Vélez Rogelio 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
The number of cases of visceral leishmaniasis associated with transplant-associated immunosuppression has increased in recent years. Reviewing and updating the latest developments in its diagnostic management, treatment, and follow-up is necessary and relevant.

Recent findings
Visceral leishmaniasis cases associated with non-HIV immunosuppression are a growing cause of the parasitic infections, and the transplant patients are included in this context. These have been described especially in kidney transplantation. Liposomal amphotericin B is the first-line treatment. Due to immunosuppression, these patients often suffer from recurrent infections. The use of markers that indicate whether the patient has developed an adequate cellular response against Leishmania after treatment seems to be good biomarkers of cure and useful for monitoring and guiding secondary prophylaxis.

Summary
There is a lack of consensus regarding the need for leishmaniasis screening in donors and recipients and the indications for secondary prophylaxis. The study of new biomarkers of cure may be useful in all three contexts.
A Peculiar Tau Accumulation Pattern Identified Via 18F-Florzolotau PET Imaging in a Patient With Frontotemporal Dementia Caused by a Mutation in the MAPT Gene
Authors: Li Qijun , Li Hang , Huang Zhaoxia , Li Yanfeng , Cui Ruixue 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We reported imaging findings with a peculiar tau accumulation pattern in a 56 year-old woman with frontotemporal dementia caused by Q351R mutation in the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) gene. She had a 10-year history of gradually worsening memory loss. 18F-FDG PET demonstrated hypometabolism in medial temporal lobes, but 18F-florbetapir PET manifested no abnormal amyloid beta deposition, which ruled out Alzheimer disease. 18F-florzolotau PET showed tau proteins accumulated in medial temporal lobes, basal ganglia brainstem, and cerebellum. The pattern is different from other known MAPT gene mutation. Multitracer imaging can help differentiate between Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia caused by MAPT mutation
Clinical Factors Affecting Discrepancy Between Predicted and Long-term Actual Lung Function Following Surgery
Authors: Ju Jae-Woo , Suh Minseok , Choi Hongyoon , Na Kwon Jooong , Park Samina , Cheon Gi Jeong , Kim Young Tae 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Lung cancer surgery outcomes depend heavily on preoperative pulmonary reserve, with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) being a critical preoperative evaluation factor. Our study investigates the discrepancies between predicted and long-term actual postoperative lung function, focusing on clinical factors affecting these outcomes.

Methods
This retrospective observational study encompassed lung cancer patients who underwent preoperative lung perfusion SPECT/CT between 2015 and 2021. We evaluated preoperative and postoperative pulmonary function tests, considering factors such as surgery type, resected volume, and patient history including tuberculosis. Predicted postoperative lung function was calculated using SPECT/CT imaging.

Results
From 216 patients (men:women, 150:66; age, 67.9 ± 8.7 years), predicted postoperative FEV1% (ppoFEV1%) showed significant correlation with actual postoperative FEV1% (r = 0.667; P < 0.001). Paired t test revealed that ppoFEV1% was significantly lower compared with actual postoperative FEV1% (P < 0.001). The study identified video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) (odds ratio [OR], 3.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98–7.69; P < 0.001) and higher percentage of resected volume (OR per 1% increase, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01–1.09; P = 0.014) as significant predictors of postsurgical lung function improvement. Conversely, for the decline in lung function postsurgery, significant predictors included lower percentage of resected lung volume (OR per 1% increase, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86–0.98; P = 0.011), higher preoperative FEV1% (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.07; P = 0.009), and the presence of tuberculosis (OR, 5.19; 95% CI, 1.48–18.15; P = 0.010). Additionally, in a subgroup of patients with borderline lung function, VATS was related with improvement.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that in more than half of the patients, actual postsurgical lung function exceeded predicted values, particularly following VATS and with higher volume of lung resection. It also identifies lower resected lung volume, higher preoperative FEV1%, and tuberculosis as factors associated with a postsurgical decline in lung function. The study underscores the need for precise preoperative lung function assessment and tailored postoperative management, with particular attention to patients with relevant clinical factors. Future research should focus on validation of clinical factors and exploring tailored approaches to lung cancer surgery and recovery.
American Society of Transplant Surgeons Normothermic Regional Perfusion Standards: Abdominal
Authors: Croome Kristopher , Bababekov Yanik , Brubaker Aleah , Montenovo Martin , Mao Shennen , Sellers Marty , Foley David , Pomfret Elizabeth , Abt Peter 
Published: July 2024

Background.
Normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) has emerged as a vital technique in organ procurement, particularly in donation after circulatory death (DCD) cases, offering the potential to optimize organ utilization and improve posttransplant outcomes. Recognizing its significance, the American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS) convened a work group to develop standardized recommendations for abdominal NRP in the United States.

Methods.
The workgroup, comprising experts in NRP, DCD, and transplantation, formulated recommendations through a collaborative process involving revisions and approvals by relevant committees and the ASTS council. Four key areas were identified for standardization: Preprocedure communication, NRP procedure, Terminology and documentation, and Mentorship/credentialing.

Results.
The recommendations encompass a range of considerations, including preprocedure communication protocols to facilitate informed decision-making by transplant centers and organ procurement organizations, procedural guidelines for NRP teams, uniform terminology to clarify the NRP process, and standards for mentorship and credentialing of NRP practitioners. Specific recommendations address logistical concerns, procedural nuances, documentation requirements, and the importance of ongoing quality assurance.

Conclusions.
The standardized recommendations for abdominal NRP presented in this article aim to ensure consistency, safety, and efficacy in the organ procurement process. By establishing clear protocols and guidelines, the ASTS seeks to enhance organ utilization, honor donor wishes, and uphold public trust in the donation process. Implementation of these recommendations can contribute to the advancement of NRP practices and improve outcomes for transplant recipients.
Association between genotypes ofABCB1, ABCG2andCYP3A5and the risk of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Pan Tzu-Yu , Lin Tzu-Yen , Tsai Wei-Chung , Wu Ming-Tsang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent clinical condition worldwide, with a high global incidence that significantly impacts disease burden and mortality rates. Single nucleotide polymorphisms inABCB1,ABCG2andCYP3A5are common, but the clinical outcomes are poorly understood. This study examines the association between the genetic variations ofABCB1, ABCG2andCYP3A5and the risk of AF in a Taiwanese population.MethodsThis case-control study recruited 216 AF patients from two hospitals in Taiwan between 2021 and 2023. Control groups were matched by age (± one year), gender, and AF-related variables from the Taiwan Biobank. Logistic regression analyzed the association between three genetic variants and AF risk.ResultsA significant association was noted betweenABCG2 rs2231142and AF risk. Those withABCG2 rs2231142 G/TandT/Tgenotypes had a 1.91-fold (95% CI = 1.04-3.53) increased risk of AF compared to those with the G/G genotype. This association was particularly pronounced in males in those carryingABCG2 rs2231143 T/Tgenotype having a 4.47-fold (95% CI = 1.02-19.67) increased risk after adjusting for covariates. There were no overall significant associations between AF risk and the polymorphisms ofABCB1 rs4148738andrs1128503,norCYP3A5 rs776746.ConclusionA robust risk association between theABCG2 rs2231142 T alleleand AF in Asian populations, particularly in male adults, suggests that genetic testing for this polymorphism could be integrated into risk assessment models for AF.
WITHDRAWN: Exercise hypertension and cardiopulmonary exercise performance in essential hypertensive patients taking diverse antihypertensive medications
Authors: Wen Pan , Tengfei Ji , Zhicong Jing , Bingtao Hu , Dan Liu , Jin Wei 
Published: July 2024

Withdrawal StatementThe authors have withdrawn their manuscript owing to [The key reasons for requesting the withdrawal of the preprint are as follows. Firstly, there is a serious error in the statistical analysis. Specifically, the data that should have been analyzed as having a normal distribution was mistakenly treated as having a non-normal distribution. This methodological flaw significantly undermines the validity and reliability of the study results. Secondly, in the logistic regression, there was an incorrect assignment of multicategorical independent variables included in the model. Due to these critical mistakes, we firmly believe that withdrawing the preprint is essential to prevent any potential misguidance to the academic community and readers. We are dedicated to rectifying these errors and conducting a meticulous review before resubmitting]. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author.
The Splice Index as a prognostic biomarker of strength and function in myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Provenzano Marina , Ikegami Kobe , Bates Kameron , Gaynor Alison , Hartman Julia M. , Jones Aileen S. , Butler Amanda , Berggren Kiera N. , Dekdebrun Jeanne , Hung Man , Lapato Dana M. , Kiefer Michael , Thornton Charles , Johnson Nicholas E. , Hale Melissa A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMyotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a slowly progressive, multisystemic disorder caused by a CTG repeat expansion in theDMPK3’UTR that leads to global dysregulation of alternative splicing. Here, we employed a composite RNA splicing biomarker called the Myotonic Dystrophy Splice Index (SI), which incorporates 22 disease-specific splice events that sensitively and robustly assesses transcriptomic dysregulation across the disease spectrum. Targeted RNA sequencing was used to derive the SI in 95 muscle biopsies of the tibialis anterior collected from DM1 individuals with baseline (n = 52) and 3-months (n = 37) outcomes. The SI had significant associations with timepoint matched measures of muscle strength and ambulation, including ankle dorsiflexion strength (ADF) and 10-meter run/fast walk speed (Pearsonr= -0.719 and -0.680, respectively). Linear regression modeling showed that the combination of baseline ADF and SI was predictive of strength at 3-months (adjusted R2= 0.830) in our cohort. These results indicate the SI can reliably capture the association of disease-specific RNA mis-splicing to physical strength and mobility and may be predictive of future function.
Advancing Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Paper-Based Aptasensor for Detecting Aβ(1-42) and p-tau181 from Plasma Using CdTe Quantum Dots
Authors: Balci Ebrar , Yildiz Elif Nur , Oksuz Sevval Sueda , Ahmadli Nihat , Kargidan Miray , Ayyildiz Nilay , Alemdar Esra , Uludag Irem , Hasirci Umut 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAlzheimer’s Disease (AD), characterized by a gradual onset and a lack of exact therapeutic interventions, underscores the imperative for the development of uncomplicated and cost-effective biosensors capable of detecting its biomarkers. This necessity arises in anticipation of a projected surge in the incidence of AD. Quantum dots (QDs) represent the promising new generation of luminophores owing to their size, composition, and surface-dependent tunable photoluminescence (PL) and photochemical stability. In this study, a paper-based QD aptasensor for the early detection of AD by targeting amyloid beta (Aβ-42) and p-tau181 proteins using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) is developed. The sensor employs a Whatman paper with six sensing wells, integrating hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, hydrophobic parts created through wax. Blood samples are placed in the inlet, dispersing into six sensing wells containing QD-aptamer-AuNP complexes. Target proteins induce conformational changes in aptamers, leading to fluorescence quenching in CdTe QDs. Two wells target p-tau181, two target amyloid beta-42, and two serve as references. Fluorescence emission spectra from each well are recorded, showing a linear correlation between fluorescence quenching and protein concentration. Values from each pair of wells are then averaged, and the average values from the pairs targeting (Aβ-42) and p-tau181 are compared to the average value of the reference wells. This paper-based aptasensor holds promise for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and opens the avenue of personalized medicine for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s.
Widespread parasite infections in living resident killer whales in the Northeast Pacific Ocean
Authors: Mastick Natalie C. , Van Cise A.M. , Parsons K.M. , Ashe E. , Williams R. , Childress J.N. , Nguyen A. , Fearnbach H. , Durban J. , Emmons C. , Hanson B. , Olsen D. , Wood C.L. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMultiple populations of resident ecotype killer whales (Orcinus orca ater) inhabit the Northeast Pacific, but the southern resident killer whale (SRKW) population is the most at-risk. SRKWs were listed as endangered in the United States in 2005 and have since shown little sign of recovery. Several factors have been identified as key threats to this population, and previously published studies suggest the population may be energetically stressed. Underlying health risks, such as parasitism, may be contributing to this population’s failure to recover, but little is known about parasite infections in living individuals from natural killer whale populations. To assess the prevalence of internal parasite infections in Northeastern Pacific killer whales, we examined scat from endangered SRKW (n = 25) compared to two conspecific populations of resident killer whales that are not in decline: northern resident (NRKW, n = 2) and southern Alaska resident killer whales (SARKW, n = 7), and one offshore killer whale (OKW, n = 1). We analyzed 35 fecal samples collected from 27 wild killer whales using both microscopic identification of parasite eggs and genetic detection of parasites through DNA metabarcoding. We used body condition indices derived from concurrent aerial photogrammetry to evaluate whether parasite infection status was associated with individual body condition. We found that most individuals sampled (94%) were positive forAnisakisspp. – a parasitic nematode known to inhabit the intestines of cetaceans. These infections were detected across populations, and were not correlated with body condition, based on limited paired data. These results suggest thatAnisakisinfection is widespread among resident killer whales of the Northeast Pacific. The widespread detections of Anisakis among the samples examined here emphasizes the need for further work to understand the potential health impacts of parasitic infections on individual killer whales, and potential synergistic effects with other environmental stressors.
Comparisons of Tree Damage Indicators in Five NASA ABoVE Forest Sites Near Fairbanks, Alaska
Authors: Huebner Diane C. , Potter Christopher S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs global warming affects sensitive northern regions, forests near Fairbanks, Alaska may be undergoing attack from pests and pathogens that could impact their ability to store carbon. Visual tree surveys are quick and useful for assessing forest health in remote sensing studies using GT (ground-truthing). Initial spectral analysis of leaf pigments, canopy water content, and non-photosynthetic carbon of one site near Fairbanks, Alaska imaged with AVIRIS-NG by NASA for the Arctic and Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) showed high fire fuel loads in 2017 that burned in 2019. In 2021-2022 we visually assayed damage of 359 deciduous and 309 coniferous trees at five ABoVE sites of different moisture regimes and burn severities. Using indices of 0 - 5 (0 = healthy, 5 = severe damage) we calculated average damage per tree from: 1) leaf damage (holes or defoliation); 2) stem damage (changes in stem color, texture, growth, heartwood, sap ooze, or stem loss); 3) non-photosynthetic tissue, aka “browning”; and 4) wilting. We also characterized crown color tree-1. Least squares models found low overall average tree damage, but damage types were varied and complex. Deciduous trees suffered greater herbivore damage than conifers. A third of trees showed broadleaf insect damage, a tenth of trees across species showed stem damage associated with pathogens. Aspen and conifers showed heartwood rot, but we found no visual signs of spruce beetle at our sites. Structural equation models found greater stem damage and wilting in warmer soils and post-burned sites supporting seedlings. Browning was associated with understory branches of conifers in late-successional sites with colder, shallower soils. Our study suggests that deciduous trees and seedlings near Fairbanks, Alaska are experiencing herbivory and midsummer wilting, and conifer understory browning is common.
Avirulence depletion assay: combiningRgene-mediated selection with bulk sequencing for rapid avirulence gene identification in wheat powdery mildew
Authors: Kunz Lukas , Jigisha Jigisha , Menardo Fabrizio , Sotiropoulos Alexandros G. , Zbinden Helen , Zou Shenghao , Tang Dingzhong , Hückelhoven Ralph , Keller Beat , Müller Marion C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWheat production is threatened by multiple fungal pathogens, such as the wheat powdery mildew fungus (Blumeria graminisf. sp.tritici,Bgt). Wheat resistance breeding frequently relies on the use of resistance (R) genes that encode diverse immune receptors which detect specific avirulence (AVR) effectors and subsequently induce an immune response. WhileRgene cloning has accelerated recently,AVRidentification in many pathogens includingBgtlags behind, preventing pathogen-informed deployment of resistance sources. Here we describe a new “avirulence depletion (AD) assay” for rapid identification ofAVRgenes inBgt. This assay relies on the selection of a segregating, haploid F1 progeny population on a resistant host, followed by bulk sequencing, thereby allowing rapid avirulence candidate gene identification with high mapping resolution. In a proof-of- concept experiment we mapped theAVRcomponent of the wheat immune receptorPm3ato a 25kb genomic interval inBgtharboring a single effector, the previously describedAvrPm3a2/f2. Subsequently, we applied the AD assay to map the unknownAVReffector recognized by the Pm60 immune receptor. We show thatAvrPm60is encoded by three tandemly arrayed, nearly identical effector genes that trigger an immune response upon co- expression withPm60and its allelesPm60aandPm60b. We furthermore provide evidence thatPm60outperformsPm60aandPm60bthrough more efficient recognition ofAvrPm60effectors, suggesting it should be prioritized for wheat breeding. Finally, we show that virulence towardsPm60is caused by simultaneous deletion of allAvrPm60gene paralogs and that isolates lackingAvrPm60are especially prevalent in the US thereby limiting the potential ofPm60in this region. The AD assay is a powerful new tool for rapid and inexpensiveAVRidentification inBgtwith the potential to contribute to pathogen-informed breeding decisions for the use of novelRgenes and regionally tailored gene deployment.
A linear ontogeny accounts for the development of naive, memory and tumour-infiltrating regulatory T cells in mice
Authors: Pathak Sanmoy , Hogan Thea , Rane Sanket , Huang Yundi , Sinclair Charles , Barry Simon , Carnevalli Larissa , Yates Andrew , Seddon Benedict 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFoxp3+Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a subset of CD4+T cells that play critical functions in maintaining tolerance to self antigens and suppressing autoimmunity, regulating immune responses to pathogens and have a role in the pathophysiology of anti-tumoural immunity. Treg ontogeny is complex since they are generated following recognition of self antigens in the thymus during normal T cell development (thymic Treg), but are also induced from mature conventional T cells when activated by foreign antigen with appropriate additional cues (inducible Treg). How these distinct ontogenic pathways contribute to the maintenance and function of the mature Treg compartment in health and disease remains unclear. Here, we use a combination of fate mapping approaches in mice to map the ontogeny of Treg subsets throughout life and estimate rates of production, loss and self-renewal. We find that naive and effector/memory (EM) Treg subsets exhibit distinct dynamics but are both continuously replenished by de novo generation throughout life. Using an inducible Foxp3-dependentCrefate reporter system, we show that naive Treg and not conventional T cells, are the predominant precursors of EM Treg in adults. Tonic development of new EM Treg is not influenced by foreign antigens from commensals, rather suggesting a role for self recognition. To investigate the ontogeny of Treg development in malignant disease, we used the same fate reporter systems to characterise the Treg infiltrate of three different model tumours. In all three cases, we found that Treg derived from pre-existing, EM Treg. Together, these results reveal a predominantly linear pathway of Treg development from thymic origin to EM Treg associated with pathophysiology of malignant disease, that is driven by self antigen recognition throughout.