bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Well Do We Know the Seasonal Cycle in Ocean Bottom Pressure?
Authors: Ponte R. M. , Zhao M. , Schindelegger M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe revisit the nature of the ocean bottom pressure (pb) seasonal cycle by leveraging the mounting GRACE‐based pb record and its assimilation in the ocean state estimates produced by the project for Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO). We focus on the mean seasonal cycle from both data and ECCO estimates, examining their similarities and differences and exploring the underlying causes. Despite substantial year‐to‐year variability, the 21‐year period studied (2002–2022) provides a relatively robust estimate of the mean seasonal cycle. Results indicate that the pb annual harmonic tends to dominate but the semi‐annual harmonic can also be important (e.g., subpolar North Pacific, Bellingshausen Basin). Amplitudes and short‐scale phase variability are enhanced near coasts and continental shelves, emphasizing the importance of bottom topography in shaping the seasonal cycle in pb. Comparisons of GRACE and ECCO estimates indicate good qualitative agreement, but considerable quantitative differences remain in many areas. The GRACE amplitudes tend to be higher than those of ECCO typically by 10%–50%, and by more than 50% in extensive regions, particularly around continental boundaries. Phase differences of more than 1 (0.5) months for the annual (semiannual) harmonics are also apparent. Larger differences near coastal regions can be related to enhanced GRACE data uncertainties and also to the absence of gravitational attraction and loading effects in ECCO. Improvements in both data and model‐based estimates are still needed to narrow present uncertainties in pb estimates.
Ion Precipitation Into Io's Poles Driven by a Strong Sub‐Alfvénic Interaction
Authors: Szalay J. R. , Saur J. , Allegrini F. , Ebert R. W. , Valek P. W. , Clark G. , Accetta K. , Bagenal F. , Bolton S. J. , Damiano P. , Dols V. , Mauk B. , McComas D. J. , Paranicas C. , Sarkango Y. , Strobel D. , Sulaiman A. H. , Wilson R. J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractJuno performed two close flybys of Io and found enhanced field‐aligned proton fluxes are absorbed by Io. These protons are absorbed at mass input rates comparable to previous estimates for hydrogen losses from Io, hence Jupiter is likely the source of hydrogen at Io. The conditions necessary for this to occur are: (a) formation of Alfvén waves at Io, (b) wave‐particle coupling to energize protons, (c) anti‐planetward transport of ions due to the magnetic mirror force and/or parallel acceleration, and (d) strong sub‐Alfvénic interaction slowing the flow connected to Io's fluxtube allowing for sufficient travel time for energized ions to transit to Io. The derived slowdown of ≤12% the upstream value is linked to filamentation within the Alfvén wing. This mechanism is likely operating at all strongly interacting satellites and provides an avenue to transfer material from a planetary body to its satellites, including exoplanets and brown dwarfs.
Summer Convective Precipitation Changes Over the Great Lakes Region Under a Warming Scenario
Authors: Yang Zhao , Wang Jiali , Qian Yun , Chakraborty TC , Xue Pengfei , Pringle William J. , Huang Chenfu , Kayastha Miraj Bhakta , Huang Huilin , Li Jianfeng , Hetland Robert 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo understand future summer precipitation changes over the Great Lakes Region (GLR), we performed an ensemble of regional climate simulations through the Pseudo‐Global Warming (PGW) approach. We found that different types of convective precipitation respond differently to the PGW signal. Isolated deep convection (IDC), usually concentrated in the southern domain, shows an increase in precipitation to the north of the GLR. Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), usually concentrated upwind of the GLR, shift to the downwind region with increased precipitation. Thermodynamic variables such as convective available potential energy (CAPE) and convective inhibition energy (CIN) are found to increase across almost the entire studied domain, creating a potential environment more favorable for stronger convection systems and less favorable for weaker ones. Meanwhile, changes in the lifting condensation level (LCL) and level of free convection (LFC) show a strong correlation with variations in convective precipitation, highlighting the significance of these thermodynamic factors in controlling precipitation over the domain. Our results indicate that the decrease in LCL and LCF in areas with increased convective precipitation is mainly due to increased atmospheric moisture. In response to the prescribed warming perturbation, MCSs occur more frequently downwind, while localized IDCs exhibit more intense rain rates, longer durations, and larger rainfall area.
Post‐Collisional Reorganisation of the Eastern Alps in 4D – Crust and Mantle Structure
Authors: McPhee Peter J. , Handy Mark R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Eastern Alps were affected by a profound post‐collisional tectonic reorganisation in Neogene time, featuring indentation by the Adriatic upper plate, rapid uplift and filling of the eastern Molasse Basin, exhumation and eastward orogen‐parallel transport of Paleogene metamorphic units in the orogenic core, and a shift from northward thrust propagation in the European plate to southward propagation in the Adriatic plate. We test the idea that these events were triggered by slab detachment by reconstructing the indentation process. This involves sequentially restoring N‐S and E‐W cross‐sections of the orogenic wedge and correcting for out‐of‐section orogen‐parallel transport with a map‐view reconstruction. We propose two phases of indentation: Initially (23 and 14 Ma), the whole Adriatic crust acted as an indenter. Its northward motion was accommodated by upright folding and orogen‐parallel extensional exhumation in the Tauern Window. This phase was followed (14 Ma to Present) by continued orogen‐parallel transport of the orogenic wedge into the Pannonian Basin and deformation of the leading edge of the Adriatic indenter, forming the Southern Alps fold‐thrust belt. The lower crust of the Southern Alps indented the base of the Venediger Nappes in the Tauern Window, forming a high‐velocity (6.8–7.25 km/s) ridge in map view at 30–45 km depth. By correlating the post‐23 Ma orogenic evolution with presently imaged European slab segments in P‐wave teleseismic tomography, we discern two possible Neogene slab removal events: One from 23 to 19 Ma triggering tectonic reorganisation of the Eastern Alps and its foreland basin, and potentially a second event after 14 Ma.
Transient absorption of warm dense matter created by an X-ray free-electron laser
Authors: Mercadier Laurent , Benediktovitch Andrei , Krušič Špela , Kas Joshua J. , Schlappa Justine , Agåker Marcus , Carley Robert , Fazio Giuseppe , Gerasimova Natalia , Kim Young Yong , Le Guyader Loïc , Mercurio Giuseppe , Parchenko Sergii , Rehr John J. , Rubensson Jan-Erik , Serkez Svitozar , Stransky Michal , Teichmann Martin , Yin Zhong , Žitnik Matjaž , Scherz Andreas , Ziaja Beata , Rohringer Nina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWarm dense matter is at the boundary between a plasma and a condensed phase and plays a role in astrophysics, planetary science and inertial confinement fusion research. However, its electronic structure and ionic structure upon irradiation with strong laser pulses remain poorly understood. Here, we use an intense and ultrafast X-ray free-electron laser pulse to simultaneously create and characterize warm dense copper using L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy over a large irradiation intensity range. Below a pulse intensity of 1015 W cm−2, an absorption peak below the L edge appears, originating from transient depletion of the 3d band. This peak shifts to lower energy with increasing intensity, indicating the movement of the 3d band upon strong X-ray excitation. At higher intensities, substantial ionization and collisions lead to the transition from reverse saturable absorption to saturable absorption of the X-ray free-electron laser pulse, two nonlinear effects that hold promise for X-ray pulse-shaping. We employ theoretical calculations that combine a model based on kinetic Boltzmann equations with finite-temperature real-space density-functional theory to interpret these observations. The results can be used to benchmark non-equilibrium models of electronic structure in warm dense matter.
Association between periodontal disease and schizophrenia: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Cao Hongliang , Wu Hao , Wang Pengyu , Zhang Haiyang , Wang Song 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe connection between periodontal disease (PD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) has been reported in observational studies, but it remains unclear. This research aims to examine the bidirectional causal impacts between PD and SCZ. The FinnGen consortium supplied summarized data on PD for 346,731 individuals (87,497 cases and 259,234 controls) of Finnish ancestry, and information on SCZ was acquired from the OpenGWAS repository, encompassing 127,906 individuals (52,017 cases and 75,889 controls) of European ancestry. Next, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to establish a causal inference relationship between PD and SCZ. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary analysis. Additionally, some sensitivity analyses were utilized to verify the stability of the results. The analysis of IVW results indicated no impact of PD on SCZ (IVW OR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.97–1.24, P = 0.14). Nevertheless, the inverse relationship between PD and SCZ was identified through reverse MR analysis (IVW OR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05, P = 0.002). The findings from MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode approaches aligned with the outcomes of the IVW method. Based on sensitivity analyses, horizontal pleiotropy is unlikely to distort causal estimates. This study presented the initial proof of a genetic causal relationship between SCZ and PD, albeit with a minimal impact. Further exploration is needed to gain a deeper understanding of this relationship. Furthermore, no genetic causal relationship between PD and SCZ was identified.
Adaptive median filter salt and pepper noise suppression approach for common path coherent dispersion spectrometer
Authors: Guan Shouxin , Liu Bin , Chen Shasha , Wu Yinhua , Wang Feicheng , Liu Xuebin , Wei Ruyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Common-path Coherent-dispersion Spectrometer (CODES), an exoplanet detection instrument, executes high-precision Radial Velocity (RV) inversions by recording the phase shifts of interference fringes. Salt-and-pepper noise caused by factors such as improper operation of the CCD probe/analog-to-digital converter and strong dark currents may interfere with the phase information of the fringe. This lowers the quality of the interfering fringe image and significantly interferes with the RV’s inversion. In this study, an adaptive median filtering algorithm (CODESmF) based on submaximum and subminimum values is designed to eliminate the interference fringe image's salt-and-pepper noise as well as to reduce RV error. This allows the interference fringe image's phase information to be retained more completely. The algorithm consists of two major modules. Pixel Sub-extreme-based Filtered Noise Monitoring Module: discriminates signal pixels and noise pixels based on the submaximum and subminimum values of the pixels in the filtering window. Adaptive Median Filter Noise Suppression Module: the signal pixel is kept at the original value output, the noise pixel serves as the filtering window's center pixel, and the adaptive median filtering procedure is repeated numerous times with various filtering window sizes. According to the experimental findings, the CODESmF outperforms comparable algorithms and works better at recovering interference fringes. More than 90% of the phase/RV error caused by salt-and-pepper noise is typically eliminated by the CODESmF algorithm, and in certain circumstances, it can even remove roughly 98% of the phase error.
Peripheral inflammation is associated with brain atrophy and cognitive decline linked to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Liang Nuanyi , Nho Kwangsik , Newman John W. , Arnold Matthias , Huynh Kevin , Meikle Peter J. , Borkowski Kamil , Kaddurah-Daouk Rima ,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Metabolomics Consortium, Kueider-Paisley Alexandra , Doraiswamy P. Murali , Blach Colette , Moseley Arthur , Mahmoudiandehkhordi Siamak , Welsh-Balmer Kathleen , Plassman Brenda , Saykin Andrew , Risacher Shannon , Kastenmüller Gabi , Han Xianlin , Baillie Rebecca , Knight Rob , Dorrestein Pieter , Brewer James , Mayer Emeran , Labus Jennifer , Baldi Pierre , Gupta Arpana , Fiehn Oliver , Barupal Dinesh , Meikle Peter , Mazmanian Sarkis , Rader Dan , Shaw Leslie , van Duijin Cornelia , Amin Najaf , Nevado-Holgado Alejo , Bennett David , Krishnan Ranga , Keshavarzian Ali , Vogt Robin , Ikram Arfan , Hankemeier Thomas , Thiele Ines , Funk Cory , Baloni Priyanka , Jia Wei , Wishart David , Brinton Roberta , Farrer Lindsay , Au Rhoda , Qiu Wendy , Würtz Peter , Koal Therese , Greenwood Anna , Krumsiek Jan , Suhre Karsten , Newman John , Hernandez Ivan , Foroud Tatania , Sacks Frank 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInflammation is an important factor in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). An NMR measurement in plasma, glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), captures the overall level of protein production and glycosylation implicated in systemic inflammation. With its additional advantage of reducing biological variability, GlycA might be useful in monitoring the relationship between peripheral inflammation and brain changes relevant to AD. However, the associations between GlycA and these brain changes have not been fully evaluated. Here, we performed Spearman’s correlation analyses to evaluate these associations cross-sectionally and determined whether GlycA can inform AD-relevant longitudinal measurements among participants in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (n = 1506), with additional linear models and stratification analyses to evaluate the influences of sex or diagnosis status and confirm findings from Spearman’s correlation analyses. We found that GlycA was elevated in AD patients compared to cognitively normal participants. GlycA correlated negatively with multiple concurrent regional brain volumes in females diagnosed with late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI) or AD. Baseline GlycA level was associated with executive function decline at 3–9 year follow-up in participants diagnosed with LMCI at baseline, with similar but not identical trends observed in the future decline of memory and entorhinal cortex volume. Results here indicated that GlycA is an inflammatory biomarker relevant to AD pathogenesis and that the stage of LMCI might be relevant to inflammation-related intervention.
Inadequate food safety knowledge and hygiene practices among street food vendors in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Sufia , Tanjia Nafisa , Mitra Amal K. , Hossain Afjal , Jasika Mahajuba Tanija , Suhi Suhana Sara , Hossain Sheikh Jamal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFood safety remains a critical issue with outbreaks of foodborne illness. The knowledge gap of food safety and improper hygienic practices of food handlers are the key factors for the transmission of foodborne diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the level of food safety knowledge and practices among street food vendors in Dhaka City, Bangladesh, and its implications on consumers’ health. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 respondents in seven areas of Dhaka City. Trained data collectors gather data by interviewing street vendors using a pretested questionnaire. Most of the vendors (98%) were male, with 48% having secondary education and 85% having no food safety training. Although about 89% of the vendors were found to practice hand washing, only a small proportion of them practised using hand gloves while handling raw products (5.6%), cleaning tables (2.2%), preparing foods (1.3%) or handling garbage (0.9%). The education level of the vendors and their work experience were significantly correlated with their hand washing practice, wearing hand gloves and their knowledge about food-borne illnesses. The study demonstrated that formal education played a significant role in vendors’ knowledge and practice of health safety measures for food handlers to prevent foodborne illness. Effective food safety training and monitoring are needed to increase vendors' knowledge and practices, and in reducing foodborne diseases.
Classification and prediction of drought and salinity stress tolerance in barley using GenPhenML
Authors: Akbari Mahjoubeh , Sabouri Hossein , Sajadi Sayed Javad , Yarahmadi Saeed , Ahangar Leila 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGenetic and agronomic advances consistently lead to an annual increase in global barley yield. Since abiotic stresses (physical environmental factors that negatively affect plant growth) reduce barley yield, it is necessary to predict barley resistance. Artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) models are new and powerful tools for predicting product resilience. Considering the research gap in the use of molecular markers in predicting abiotic stresses, this paper introduces a new approach called GenPhenML that combines molecular markers and phenotypic traits to predict the resistance of barley genotypes to drought and salinity stresses by ML models. GenPhenML uses feature selection algorithms to determine the most important molecular markers. It then identifies the best model that predicts atmospheric resistance with lower MAE, RMSE, and higher R2. The results showed that GenPhenML with a neural network model predicted the salinity stress resistance score with MAE, RMSE and R2 values of 0.1206, 0.0308 and 0.9995, respectively. Also, the NN model predicted drought stress scores with MAE, RMSE and R2 values of 0.0727, 0.0105 and 0.9999, respectively. The GenPhenML approach was also used to classify barley genotypes as resistant and stress-sensitive. The results showed that the accuracy, accuracy and F1 score of the proposed approach for salinity and drought stress classification were higher than 97%.
IMPDH2 filaments protect from neurodegeneration in AMPD2 deficiency
Authors: Flores-Mendez Marco , Ohl Laura , Roule Thomas , Zhou Yijing , Tintos-Hernández Jesus A , Walsh Kelsey , Ortiz-González Xilma R , Akizu Naiara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMetabolic dysregulation is one of the most common causes of pediatric neurodegenerative disorders. However, how the disruption of ubiquitous and essential metabolic pathways predominantly affect neural tissue remains unclear. Here we use mouse models of a childhood neurodegenerative disorder caused by AMPD2 deficiency to study cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to selective neuronal vulnerability to purine metabolism imbalance. We show that mouse models of AMPD2 deficiency exhibit predominant degeneration of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, despite a general reduction of brain GTP levels. Neurodegeneration-resistant regions accumulate micron-sized filaments of IMPDH2, the rate limiting enzyme in GTP synthesis, while these filaments are barely detectable in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Furthermore, we show that IMPDH2 filament disassembly reduces GTP levels and impairs growth of neural progenitor cells derived from individuals with human AMPD2 deficiency. Together, our findings suggest that IMPDH2 polymerization prevents detrimental GTP deprivation, opening the possibility of exploring the induction of IMPDH2 assembly as a therapy for neurodegeneration.
Characterization of human aquaporin ion channels in a yeast expression system as a tool for novel ion channel discovery
Authors: Nourmohammadi Saeed , Henderson Sam W. , Ramesh Sunita A. , Yool Andrea J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aquaporin (AQP) channels found in all domains of life are transmembrane proteins which mediate passive transport of water, glycerol, signaling molecules, metabolites, and charged solutes. Discovery of new classes of ion-conducting AQP channels has been slow, likely reflecting time- and labor-intensive methods required for traditional electrophysiology. Work here defines a sensitive mass-throughput system for detecting AQP ion channels, identified by rescue of cell growth in the K+-transport-defective yeast strain CY162 following genetic complementation with heterologously expressed cation-permeable channels, using the well characterized human AQP1 channel for proof of concept. Results showed AQP1 conferred transmembrane permeability to cations which rescued survival in CY162 yeast. Comprehensive testing showed that growth response properties fully recapitulated AQP1 pharmacological agonist and antagonist profiles for activation, inhibition, dose-dependence, and structure–function relationships, demonstrating validity of the yeast screening tool for AQP channel identification and drug discovery efforts. This method also provided new information on divalent cation blockers of AQP1, pH sensitivity of antagonists, and ion permeability of human AQP6. Site-directed mutagenesis of AQP1 channel regulatory domains confirmed that yeast growth rescue was mediated by the introduced channels. Optical monitoring with a lithium-sensitive photoswitchable probe in living cells independently demonstrated monovalent cation permeability of AQP1 channels in yeast plasma membrane. Ion channel properties of AQP1 expressed in yeast were consistent with those of AQP1 expressed in Xenopus laevis oocyte and K+-transport defective Escherichia coli. Outcomes here establish a powerful new approach for efficient screening of phylogenetically diverse AQPs for yet untested functions as cation channels.
Measuring Real-World Talk Time and Locations of People With Aphasia Using Wearable Technology
Authors: Kinsey Laura E. , Cherney Leora R. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
Measuring real-world communication participation of individuals with aphasia is complicated. Historically, this has been estimated through subjective participant or proxy self-report. To address potential inaccuracies, objective measures such as “talk time” have been proposed. Although promising, technological barriers to collecting and quantifying everyday conversations have been documented (e.g., background noise interference, differentiating recorded speakers, and operating Bluetooth applications). This study explored the use of a novel laryngeal sensor and a Global Positioning System (GPS) tracker with the objective of measuring mean talk time per hour and participant locations across three 8-hr days.

Method:
Sixteen participants utilized a wearable laryngeal sensor that captures physiological mechano-acoustic signals wirelessly, without recording speech content. The sensor differentiates speech from other laryngeal movements associated with swallowing and coughing. A GPS tracker was also issued to track daily locations. Semistructured interviews regarding feasibility and acceptability were conducted with participants at the end of the data collection period.

Results:

Across all participants, laryngeal sensor data were collected for a total of 38 days and GPS data for a total of 43 days, with a mean collection period of 8.21 hr (
SD
= 1.38) per day. Mean talk time per hour was 56.46 s (
SD
= 35.27). Participants were tracked at a mean of 2.09 locations daily (range: 1–6). Participants reported the devices were relatively comfortable to wear and easy to use.

Conclusions:
Preliminary findings indicated that talk time of individuals with aphasia is limited, though variable. Higher fluency ratings were related to greater mean talk time per hour and locations tracked. Results suggest wearable technology is feasible to use and acceptable to people with aphasia. In the future, wearable devices may offer innovative ways to measure communication participation.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26237531