bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To Learn to Live with Spectral Justice: Derrida–Levinas
Authors: Wijaya Elizabeth 
Published: November 2012

Early on in Specters of Marx, the first sentence in Exordium reads: ‘Someone, you or me, comes forward and says: I would like to learn to live finally’. In the last paragraph of the last chapter, Derrida gives the injunction: ‘If he loves justice at least, the “scholar” of the future, the “intellectual” of tomorrow should learn it and from the ghost’. The ghost is the gift Derrida leaves us, yet, what can ghosts teach us about justice and how may we (dare we) learn from them?Derrida invokes Levinas's name for the only time in Specters of Marx, with the line ‘The relation to others – that is to say, justice, writes Levinas’. From ‘Violence and Metaphysics’ to ‘At This Very Moment in This Work Here I Am’, the spectral relation between Derrida and Levinas already performs spectral justice. How do we say ‘J'accepte’ to spectral justice – justice that we cannot rightly possess? The figure and logic of the ghost serve not merely rhetorical purposes but, in its non-presence and presence, the ghost becomes the trace of the justice that we can neither own nor disown, but need to learn to live with, even if, in politics and in life, the fear of ghosts remains.
Influence of plant size on the ecophysiology of the epiphytic fern Asplenium auritum (Aspleniaceae) from Costa Rica
Authors: Testo Weston L. , Watkins James E. 
Published: November 2012

• Premise of the study: A central goal of plant ecophysiological studies is to generate patterns of physiological behavior that are applicable to a species, which can be complicated when plant size is considered. Studies indicate that plant size can influence numerous ecophysiological parameters, especially in vascular epiphytes. The few studies that have included ferns in their analyses suggest that plant size is less important in ferns than angiosperms. This study investigates this apparent disparity by examining the relationship between plant size and an array of ecophysiological parameters in the epiphytic fern Asplenium auritum, especially the role of plant size in determining responses to water stress.• Methods: Plants were classified according to size and measured for a variety of functional traits, including maximum photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, water‐use efficiency, stomatal density, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, specific leaf area, whole plant drying rates, and desiccation tolerance. Results for all traits were compared across size classes to determine size‐related differences.• Key results: Plant size significantly influenced most traits examined, most notably photosynthetic rate, stomatal density, stomatal conductance, whole plant drying rates, and recovery from desiccation. We report the first evidence of size‐mediated shifts in desiccation tolerance in plants: small individuals tolerated water loss, whereas larger individuals avoided desiccation.• Conclusions: Our findings indicate that size‐mediated ecophysiological shifts are more important than previously thought in ferns, particularly in regard to water relations. Desiccation tolerance may allow young fern sporophytes to establish in stressful environments and is subsequently lost in older individuals.
Prescribing Gabapentin off Label: Perspectives from Psychiatry, Pain and Neurology Specialists
Authors: Fukada Christine , Kohler Jillian Clare , Boon Heather , Austin Zubin , Krahn Murray 
Published: November 2012

Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the experiences of physicians prescribing gabapentin off label. Methods: We used a case study approach to explore the experiences of physicians prescribing gabapentin for off-label indications. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 physicians (psychiatry, pain and neurology specialists) in the Greater Toronto Area. Data were collected to the point of saturation of key themes and analyzed using interpretive content analysis. Key findings: Key informants appeared to rely primarily on informal information from colleagues and meetings, putting into question the accuracy of their information about the potential off-label uses of gabapentin. Our findings suggest the need for more evidence-based information on off-label drug use. Conclusion: There is a need for greater understanding of off-label prescribing practices as an important step toward improving rational prescribing and ultimately toward improving patient safety and health outcomes.
La mobilité des jeunes réunionnais
Authors: Labache Lucette 
Published: November 2012

Résumé L’île de la Réunion offre peu de perspectives d’insertion professionnelle aux jeunes, avec un taux de chômage de près de 40 %. Dès le début des années 1960, la migration instituée par l’État s’est présentée comme une mesure permettant de répondre aux besoins de main-d’œuvre de la métropole, de contrôler la croissance démographique dans l’île et de maîtriser les revendications d’autonomie. Depuis plus d’une vingtaine d’années, c’est une culture de la mobilité que les décideurs locaux tentent d’instaurer mais des mouvements de résistance montrent que les jeunes sont de plus en plus réticents à s’installer sur le territoire métropolitain ou dans d’autres pays d’Europe.
Le VSI : un volontaire à part ?
Authors: Bosselut Clémence 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Le volontaire de solidarité internationale, une fois qu’il est sur le terrain, se définit en opposition avec des « figures repoussoirs » qui lui permettent de se valoriser et de donner du sens à sa présence sur place. Les « expatriés » occupent une place importante dans l’imaginaire et les discours des individus. Toutefois, les relations que les volontaires entretiennent avec eux ne sont pas dénuées d’ambiguïtés : ces contre-modèles font naître des sentiments contradictoires de rejet et de fascination, voire de mépris et de jalousie.
Expériences de mobilité étudiante et construction de soi
Authors: Pleyers Geoffrey , Guillaume Jean-François 
Published: November 2012

Résumé À partir d’entretiens menés auprès d’étudiants effectuant ou ayant réalisé des séjours à l’étranger, cet article se penche sur l’importance de ces expériences dans la construction de soi de ces jeunes adultes. Après en avoir proposé une typologie, il développe certains aspects des échanges culturels au cœur de ces expériences. La mobilité étudiante y est envisagée comme une modalité particulièrement intéressante de réponse à la double exigence de l’épreuve de la jeunesse : se construire à travers des expériences à l’étranger tout en restant inséré dans un parcours scolaire et en développant des compétences qui faciliteront l’intégration dans le monde professionnel.
De la perte au renoncement : une thérapeutique de l'alcoolisme
Authors: Déroche Stéphane 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Pour les alcooliques, renoncer durablement à l’alcool leur impose de changer totalement la relation psychologique qu’ils ont au produit. La formule « de la perte au renoncement » nous enseigne sur cette transition cruciale où il s’agit de ne plus envisager l’arrêt de la boisson uniquement comme une perte, une amputation, mais finalement, du fait d’une prise de décision, concevoir l’alcool seulement comme un reste dont il n’y a plus lieu de s’enquérir. Dès lors, le malade d’alcool y aura renoncé tout comme le nourrisson qui a définitivement renoncé au sein maternel.
Le vécu d'impuissance chez le soignant : entre pertes et élan retrouvé
Authors: Delieutraz Séverine 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Au cours de leur parcours professionnel, les soignants peuvent parfois éprouver un vécu d’impasse lors de certaines prises en charge. Comment ce vécu peut-il être pensé et ainsi dépassé ? Au cours de la réflexion, il apparaîtra que, bien souvent, le soignant devra lui-même entrer dans un processus de renoncement pour mieux « prendre soin » et vivre sa profession de manière plus apaisée.
Epidemiology and New Developments in the Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Corvec Stéphane , Portillo María E. , Pasticci Bruna Maria , Borens Olivier , Trampuz Andrej 
Published: November 2012

Although prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare event after arthroplasty, it represents a significant complication that is associated with high morbidity, need for complex treatment, and substantial healthcare costs. An accurate and rapid diagnosis of PJI is crucial for treatment success. Current diagnostic methods in PJI are insufficient with 10–30% false-negative cultures. Consequently, there is a need for research and development into new methods aimed at improving diagnostic accuracy and speed of detection. In this article, we review available conventional diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of PJI (laboratory markers, histopathology, synovial fluid and periprosthetic tissue cultures), new diagnostic methods (sonication of implants, specific and multiplex PCR, mass spectrometry) and innovative techniques under development (new laboratory markers, microcalorimetry, electrical method, reverse transcription [RT]-PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH], biofilm microscopy, microarray identification, and serological tests). The results of highly sensitive diagnostic techniques with unknown specificity should be interpreted with caution. The organism identified by a new method may represent a real pathogen that was unrecognized by conventional diagnostic methods or contamination during specimen sampling, transportation, or processing. For accurate interpretation, additional studies are needed, which would evaluate the long-term outcome (usually >2 years) with or without antimicrobial treatment. It is expected that new rapid, accurate, and fully automatic diagnostic tests will be developed soon.
Mechanical and in Vitro Investigation of a Porous PEEK Foam for Medical Device Implants
Authors: Landy Bonnie C. , VanGordon Samuel B. , McFetridge Peter S. , Sikavitsas Vassilios I. , Jarman-Smith Marcus 
Published: November 2012

Purpose Implantable-grade polyetheretherketone (PEEK-OPTIMA®) is a high-performance thermoplastic that has been used in implant devices such as spinal-fusion cages since its introduction in 1999. Here, a new porous PEEK version was investigated. Methods Porous PEEK was fabricated using industrial scale relevant methods of compounding with porogen filler, extrusion, and subsequent extraction with water at supercritical temperatures and pressures. Mechanical properties were assessed according to ISO standards. Marrow stromal cells were cultured on porous PEEK samples and in vitro cytocompatibility was assessed by total DNA, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin, calcium, and cell morphology to indicate stages of proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. Compressive strength was assessed statically on 21 day cell cultures and media-soaked samples and dynamically within a medical device application specific context for interbody fusion cages (ASTM F2077). Results Manufacturing resulted in a biomaterial with ∼50% porosity and a mean pore size of 100 microns. The porous PEEK was found to have: tensile strength (14.5MPa), strain at break (3.5%), impact strength (3.6 kJ/m2), fexural strength (21.6MPa), and fexural modulus (0.8GPa). Production of extracellular mineralized matrix occurred very early in the culture period, indicating a preferred surface for differentiation. SEM images revealed polygonal cell morphology supporting a differentiated osteoblastic-like phenotype. EDS analysis detected levels of carbon, phosphorus, and calcium coinciding with assay results for the proliferation and differentiation stages. Conclusion Previous observations of cytocompatibility and calcification on the PEEK biomaterial could be carried through to this new porous form of the PEEK biomaterial. This helps porous PEEK to potentially offer more design options for implant devices requiring reduced modulus and/or increased tissue ingrowth aspects at the surface.
Capsular Tension Ring Implantation for Intraocular Lens Decentration and Tilt in Highly Myopic Eyes
Authors: Lin Haowen , Zhang Jiaqing , Zhang Yifan , Jin Aixia , Zhang Yu , Jin Ling , Xu Yifan , Xie Xiaohang , Tan Xuhua , Luo Lixia , Liu Yizhi 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceCapsular tension rings (CTRs) can support weak zonules and inhibit capsular shrinkage, thus potentially reducing intraocular lens (IOL) decentration and tilt. However, it has been debated whether CTRs can reduce IOL decentration and tilt in highly myopic eyes and whether CTR implantation is necessary for all highly myopic eyes.ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of CTR implantation on IOL decentration and tilt in highly myopic eyes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial was conducted between November 2021 and September 2023 at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China. Patients with cataract and an axial length (AL) of 26 mm or longer were enrolled.InterventionsParticipants were stratified into 3 groups based on the AL (stratum 1, 26 mm ≤ AL &amp;lt;28 mm; stratum 2, 28 mm ≤ AL &amp;lt;30mm; stratum 3, AL ≥30 mm), and further randomly assigned to the CTR group (a C-loop IOL combined with a CTR) or the control group (only a C-loop IOL) within each stratum.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIOL decentration at 3 months after cataract surgery was evaluated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography.ResultsA total of 186 eyes of 186 participants (mean [SD] age, 57.3 [10.9] years; 118 female [63.4%]) were randomized into the CTR group (93 [50%]) or control group (93 [50%]), with 87 eyes (93.6%) and 92 eyes (98.9%) completing follow-up at 3 months, respectively. The CTR group showed smaller IOL decentration (0.19 mm vs 0.23 mm; difference, −0.04 mm; 95% CI, −0.07 to −0.01 mm; P = .02) and tilt at 3 months, and lower proportions of clinically significant IOL decentration (≥0.4 mm) and tilt (≥7°) at 3 months compared with the control group. Similar results were only found in eyes with an AL of 30 mm or longer (IOL decentration: 0.20 mm vs 0.28 mm; difference, −0.08 mm; 95% CI, −0.14 to −0.02 mm; P = .01). Additionally, the CTR group showed a smaller change in IOL decentration from 1 week to 3 months, higher prediction accuracy, and better visual quality and patient satisfaction in this stratum. No differences were observed between the CTR and control groups in eyes with an AL less than 30 mm.Conclusions and RelevanceCTR implantation reduced C-loop IOL decentration and tilt, increased position stability, and improved visual quality in eyes with an AL of 30 mm or longer. These findings support use of CTR implantation in eyes with an AL of 30 mm or longer and implanted with C-loop IOLs.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05161520
Hydroxychloroquine and Pre‐eclampsia in a Diverse Cohort of Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Simard Julia F. , Liu Emily F. , Rector Amadeia , Cantu Miranda , Chakravarty Eliza , Druzin Maurice , Kuo Daniel Z. , Shaw Gary M. , Weisman Michael , Hedderson Monique 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivePatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at risk for pregnancy complications such as pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia. These clinically important complications are associated with maternal morbidity, mortality, and postpartum cardiovascular disease. Some studies suggest that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may reduce pre‐eclampsia risk in lupus pregnancy. Using a cohort of pregnant patients with prevalent SLE at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), we investigated whether HCQ treatment in early pregnancy reduced the risk of pre‐eclampsia or eclampsia.MethodsAmong pregnant patients with SLE from 2011 to 2020, we assessed HCQ treatment from three months before pregnancy through the first trimester. HCQ exposure was defined multiple ways to account for adherence and duration of treatment. Propensity scores accounted for multiple confounders and modified Poisson models estimated risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals of the association between HCQ treatment and pre‐eclampsia or eclampsia. Effect modification by pregestational hypertension, history of nephritis, and antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) status was investigated through stratified analysis.ResultsThere were 399 pregnancies among 324 patients with SLE at KPNC between 2011 and 2020. Considering multiple exposure definitions, we consistently found a null association between HCQ and pre‐eclampsia or eclampsia. The RRs were consistently lower among nullipara patients, and RRs were consistently protective but not statistically significant among the high‐risk subgroup of patients with a history of nephritis, aPL positivity, or pregestational hypertension (for both nullipara and multipara patients).ConclusionAlthough this study found no reduced risk of HCQ on pre‐eclampsia or eclampsia, residual confounding may be attenuating the effect despite an integrated health care delivery system setting with detailed clinical data.
Disparities in Total Knee and Total Hip Arthroplasty Rates in the Population of Alaska, 2015 to 2018
Authors: Ferucci Elizabeth D. , Holck Peter 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveRacial and ethnic disparities in total joint replacements have been documented. Our objective was to determine the rates of total joint replacements for Alaska Native/American Indian (AN/AI) individuals compared with non‐AN/AI individuals in Alaska and investigate the differences in characteristics and outcomes by race.MethodsWe used hospital discharge data from the Alaska Health Facilities Data Reporting Program from 2015 to 2018. We identified people with an inpatient primary or revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA). We determined the population proportion of each procedure, age‐adjusted rates by race, age‐specific rates, and multivariable adjusted rate ratios for TKA or THA. We compared the characteristics of people undergoing primary TKA and THA by race.ResultsIn 2,195,806 person‐years, there were 8,131 arthroplasty procedures (4,594 primary TKAs, 2,791 primary THAs, 378 revision TKAs, and 368 revision THAs). Primary TKAs and THAs were less likely in people of AN/AI or “Other” race compared with people of White race, with some heterogeneity in the “Other” race category. In multivariable models, the adjusted rate ratio for AN/AI compared with White race for TKA was 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60–0.82) and for THA was 0.69 (95% CI 0.55–0.85). AN/AI individuals undergoing TKA and THA were more likely to reside in rural locations, be younger than 65 years, have longer hospital stay, and discharge to home.ConclusionThis study confirmed the existence of racial disparities in TKA and THA in Alaska. There may be many underlying causes, and future research should focus on improving access to care.
Systematic Review and Phenome‐Wide Scans of Genetic Associations with Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Diany Rime , Gagliano Taliun Sarah A 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a heterogenous form of cognitive impairment that results from cerebrovascular disease. It is a result of both genetic and non‐genetic factors. Although much research has been conducted on the genetic contributors to other forms of cognitive impairment (e.g. Alzheimer's disease), knowledge is lacking on the genetic factors associated with VCI. A better understanding of the genetics of VCI will be critical for prevention and treatment. To begin to fill this gap, the genetic contributors are reviewed with VCI from the literature. Phenome‐wide scans of the identified genes are conducted and genetic variants identified in the review in large‐scale resources displaying genetic variant‐trait association information. Gene set are also carried out enrichment analysis using the genes identified from the review. Thirty one articles are identified meeting the search criteria and filters, from which 107 unique protein‐coding genes are noted related to VCI. The phenome‐wide scans and gene set enrichment analysis identify pathways associated with a diverse set of biological systems. This results indicate that genes with evidence of involvement in VCI are involved in a diverse set of biological functions. This information can facilitate downstream research to better dissect possible shared biological mechanisms for future therapies.
Dual‐Responsive Nanoreactor Initiates In Situ Generation of Copper Complex for Paraptosis‐Mediated Tumor Chemo‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Niu Mei‐Ting , Li Qian‐Ru , Huang Qian‐Xiao , Liu Lin‐Meng , Qin You‐Teng , Wu Chao‐Yan , Cheng Si‐Xue , Zhang Xian‐Zheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractParaptosis is a non‐apoptotic and caspase‐independent programmed cell death that can trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells, representing a potent tactic to overcome immune tolerance to apoptosis. Here, this study demonstrates the construction of a dual‐responsive nanoreactor (MCGDH) to achieve paraptosis‐mediated ICD for chemo‐immunotherapy. Specifically, by doping Cu2+ into glutathione (GSH)‐responsive dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles, the platform (CGDMSN) is endowed with partial acid‐sensitivity. After loaded with 8‐hydroxyquinoline (8‐HQ), cell membrane fragments are coated onto the ammoniated CGDMSN surface to construct MCGDH. Upon internalization by tumor cells, the release of Cu2+ and 8‐HQ from MCGDH in response to the acidic pH and high concentration of GSH in the tumor microenvironment stimulates in situ generation of Cu(8‐HQ)2, inducing tumor cells paraptosis at a low copper dose. Moreover, MCGDH‐mediated paraptosis amplifies the immunogenicity of tumor cells, facilitating antigen presentation to dendritic cells and activating CD8+/CD4+ T cells immune responses. Furthermore, the combination of MCGDH and anti‐PD‐1 antibodies (αPD‐1) promotes the systemic anti‐tumor immune responses and long‐term immunological effect to vastly inhibit the primary/distant tumor growth and prevent tumor metastasis. This GSH/pH dual‐responsive nanoreactor serves as a selective platform for accelerating the development of chemo‐immunotherapy.
Dual‐Mode Sensing Chips for Wide‐Range and High‐Accuracy Biomarker Detection
Authors: He Jianping , Liu Haiyang , Cao Xianmao , Zhu Zhibiao , Liang Yuqi , Xiao Bo , Chen Jia , Xiao Mengmeng , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs widely used commercial sensors, amperometric biosensors based on electrochemical (EC) reactions exhibit good linearity and reproducibility but suffer from a low dynamic range and poor limit of detection (LoD). In contrast, biosensors utilizing field‐effect transistors (FETs) demonstrate a wide detection range and ultralow LoDs but are susceptible to interferences or ionic strength influences and have poor quantitative accuracy due to their nonlinear response mechanism. Here, EC and carbon nanotube (CNT) FET‐based biosensors are integrated into one chip via a compatible fabrication process. The dual‐mode biosensing chip (DMSC) provides the advantages from both the EC biosensors and FET biosensors; these advantages include high reliability and accuracy for quantitatively detecting glucose, a dynamic detection range spanning 6 orders of magnitude, and a detection limit of 1 fM. The introduction of a time‐division multiplexing detection method enables the DMSC to carry out complementary detection of the same target, providing early warning of specific abnormal biomarkers and accurate determination of their concentration in real time. The DMSC approach is generally applicable to the detection of other biomarkers and provides exciting opportunities for more accurate self‐monitoring diagnostics in real situations.