bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report
Authors: Shelkey Julia , Huang Christina , Karpa Kelly , Singh Harjit , Silvis Matthew 
Published: March 2013

Context: The past 2 decades have shown a dramatic increase in the number of pelvic and hip injuries in female athletes. Accurate diagnosis of hip pain in active women has proven to be a challenge, as there is an extensive differential including both musculoskeletal and visceral problems. While the incidence of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is not known, this condition may manifest as chronic hip pain in this patient population. Evidence Acquisition: A PubMed search was undertaken for articles published in English from 1980 to 2012. Additional references were accrued from reference lists of research articles. Study Design: Case series. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Results: Diagnosis was established using magnetic resonance imaging. Both women were evaluated and treated by interventional radiology with gonadal vein embolization. Initial evaluation and subsequent follow-up was completed in the Sports Medicine Clinic to monitor chronic hip pain symptoms. Both patients experienced significant alleviation of chronic hip pain symptoms within several months after gonadal vein embolization, allowing for a return to the previous level of activity. Conclusion: Although PCS most commonly presents as pelvic pain, it is important to consider this condition in athletes with persistent hip pain. PCS may also present with the primary symptom of hip pain as in the 2 case reports described. With more awareness of this condition and appropriate diagnosis, PCS as an unusual etiology of chronic hip pain may be effectively treated with gonadal vein embolization.
MRD-directed risk stratification treatment may improve outcomes of t(8;21) AML in the first complete remission: results from the AML05 multicenter trial
Authors: Zhu Hong-Hu , Zhang Xiao-Hui , Qin Ya-Zhen , Liu Dai-Hong , Jiang Hao , Chen Huan , Jiang Qian , Xu Lan-Ping , Lu Jin , Han Wei , Bao Li , Wang Yu , Chen Yu-Hong , Wang Jing-Zhi , Wang Feng-Rong , Lai Yue-Yun , Chai Jun-Yue , Wang Li-Ru , Liu Yan-Rong , Liu Kai-Yan , Jiang Bin , Huang Xiao-Jun 
Published: March 2013

Key Points
Risk stratification treatment of t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia may decrease relapse and improve long-term survival. Allo-HSCT benefited high-risk patients, but impaired the survival of low-risk patients.
Development and use of a polarized equine upper respiratory tract mucosal explant system to study the early phase of pathogenesis of a European strain of equine arteritis virus
Authors: Vairo Sabrina , Van den Broeck Wim , Favoreel Herman , Scagliarini Alessandra , Nauwynck Hans 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe upper respiratory tract mucosa represents the first line of defense, which has to be overcome by pathogens before invading the host. Considering the economic and ethical aspects involved in using experimental animals for pathogenesis studies, respiratory mucosal explants, in which the tissue’s three-dimensional architecture is preserved, may be ideal alternatives. Different respiratory mucosal explant cultures have been developed. However, none of them could be inoculated with pathogens solely at the epithelium side. In the present study, equine nasal and nasopharyngeal explants were embedded in agarose (3%), leaving the epithelium side exposed to allow apical inoculation. Morphometric analysis did not show degenerative changes during 72 h of cultivation. The number of apoptotic cells in the mucosa slightly increased over time. After validation, the system was used for apical infection with a European strain (08P178) of equine arteritis virus (EAV) (107.6TCID50/mL per explant). Impermeability of agarose to virus particles was demonstrated by the absence of labeled microspheres (40nm) and a lack of EAV-antigens in RK13 cells seeded underneath the agarose layer in which inoculated explants were embedded. At 72 hpi, 27% of the EAV-positive cells were CD172a+and 19% were CD3+in nasal explants and 45% of the EAV-positive cells were CD172a+and 15% were CD3+in nasopharyngeal explants. Only a small percentage of EAV-positive cells were IgM+. This study validates the usefulness of a polarized mucosal explant system and shows that CD172a+myeloid cells and CD3+T lymphocytes represent important EAV-target cells in the respiratory mucosa.
The evolution of host associations in the parasitic wasp genus Ichneumon (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): convergent adaptations to host pupation sites
Authors: Tschopp Andreas , Riedel Matthias , Kropf Christian , Nentwig Wolfgang , Klopfstein Seraina 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe diversification of organisms with a parasitic lifestyle is often tightly linked to the evolution of their host associations. If a tight host association exists, closely related species tend to attack closely related hosts; host associations are less stable if associations are determined by more plastic traits like parasitoid searching and oviposition behaviour. The pupal-parasitoids of the genusIchneumonattack a variety of macrolepidopteran hosts. They are either monophagous or polyphagous, and therefore offer a promissing system to investigate the evolution of host associations.Ichneumonwas previously divided into two groups based on general body shape; however, a stout shape has been suggested as an adaptation to buried host pupation sites, and might thus not represent a reliable phylogenetic character.ResultsWe here reconstruct the first molecular phylogeny of the genusIchneumonusing two mitochondrial (CO1 and NADH1) and one nuclear marker (28S). The resulting phylogeny only supports monophyly ofIchneumonwhenIchneumon lugensGravenhorst, 1829 (formerly inChasmias,stat. rev.) andIchneumon deliratoriusLinnaeus, 1758 (formerlyCoelichneumon) are included. Neither parasitoid species that attack hosts belonging to one family nor those attacking butterflies (Rhopalocera) form monophyletic clades. Ancestral state reconstructions suggest multiple transitions between searching for hosts above versus below ground and between a stout versus elongated body shape. A model assuming correlated evolution between the two characters was preferred over independent evolution of host-searching niche and body shape.ConclusionsHost relations, both in terms of phylogeny and ecology, evolved at a high pace in the genusIchneumon. Numerous switches between hosts of different lepidopteran families have occurred, a pattern that seems to be the rule among idiobiont parasitoids. A stout body and antennal shape in the parasitoid female is confirmed as an ecological adaptation to host pupation sites below ground and has evolved convergently several times. Morphological characters that might be involved in adaptation to hosts should be avoided as diagnostic characters for phylogeny and classification, as they can be expected to show high levels of homoplasy.
Transcriptome analysis of the parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi: an in-depth examination of pre-mRNA splicing in a reduced eukaryote
Authors: Grisdale Cameron J , Bowers Lisa C , Didier Elizabeth S , Fast Naomi M 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
The microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi possesses one of the most reduced and compacted eukaryotic genomes. Reduction in this intracellular parasite has affected major cellular machinery, including the loss of over fifty core spliceosomal components compared to S. cerevisiae. To identify expression changes throughout the parasite’s life cycle and also to assess splicing in the context of this reduced system, we examined the transcriptome of E. cuniculi using Illumina RNA-seq.

Results
We observed that nearly all genes are expressed at three post-infection time-points examined. A large fraction of genes are differentially expressed between the first and second (37.7%) and first and third (43.8%) time-points, while only four genes are differentially expressed between the latter two. Levels of intron splicing are very low, with 81% of junctions spliced at levels below 50%. This is dramatically lower than splicing levels found in two other fungal species examined. We also describe the first case of alternative splicing in a microsporidian, an unexpected complexity given the reduction in spliceosomal components.

Conclusions
Low levels of splicing observed are likely the result of an inefficient spliceosome; however, at least in one case, splicing appears to be playing a functional role. Although several RNA decay genes are encoded in E. cuniculi, the lack of a few key players could be reducing decay levels and therefore increasing the proportion of unspliced transcripts. Significant proportions of genes are differentially expressed in the first forty-eight hours but not after, indicative of genetic changes that precede the intracellular to infective stage transition.
Diversity of endophytic fungi and screening of fungal paclitaxel producer from Anglojap yew, Taxus x media
Authors: Xiong Zhi-Qiang , Yang Ying-Ying , Zhao Na , Wang Yong 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Endophytic fungi represent underexplored resource of novel lead compounds and have a capacity to produce diverse class of plant secondary metabolites. Here we investigated endophytic fungi diversity and screening of paclitaxel-producing fungi from Taxus x media.

Results
Eighty-one endophytic fungi isolated from T. media were grouped into 8 genera based on the morphological and molecular identification. Guignardia and Colletotrichum were the dominant genera, whereas the remaining genera were infrequent groups. The genera Glomerella and Gibberella were first reported in Taxus. Three representative species of the distinct genera gave positive hits by molecular marker screening and were capable of producing taxol which were validated by HPLC-MS. Among these 3 taxol-producing fungi, the highest yield of taxol was 720 ng/l by Guignardia mangiferae HAA11 compared with those of Fusarium proliferatum HBA29 (240 ng/l) and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides TA67 (120 ng/l). This is the first report of taxol producer from Guignardia. Moreover, the lower similarities of ts and bapt between microbial and plant origin suggested that fungal taxol biosynthetic cluster might be repeatedly invented during evolution, nor horizontal gene transfer from Taxus species.

Conclusions
Taxol-producing endophytic fungi could be a fascinating reservoir to generate taxol-related drug lead and to elucidate the remained 5 unknown genes or the potential regulation mechanism in the taxol biosynthesis pathway.
An assessment of the vulnerability of carotid plaques: a comparative study between intraplaque neovascularization and plaque echogenicity
Authors: Zhou Yangyang , Xing Yingqi , Li Yan , Bai Yang , Chen Ying , Sun Xiaofeng , Zhu Yingqiao , Wu Jiang 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Carotid plaque echolucency as detected by Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) has been used as a potential marker of plaque vulnerability. However, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has recently been shown to be a valuable method to evaluate the vulnerability and neovascularization within carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The aim of this study was to compare CEUS and CDUS in the assessment of plaque vulnerability using transcranial color Doppler (TCD) monitoring of microembolic signals (MES) as a reference technique.

Methods
A total of 46 subjects with arterial stenosis (≥ 50%) underwent a carotid duplex ultrasound, TCD monitoring of MES and CEUS (SonoVue doses of 2.0 mL) within a span of 3 days. The agreement between the CEUS, CDUS, and MES findings was assessed with a chi-square test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Neovascularization was observed in 30 lesions (44.4%). The vascular risk factors for stroke were similar and there were no age or gender differences between the 2 groups. Using CEUS, MES were identified in 2 patients (12.5%) within class 1 (non-neovascularization) as opposed to 15 patients (50.0%) within class 2 (neovascularization) (p = 0.023). CDUS revealed no significant differences in the appearance of the MES between the 2 groups (hyperechoic and hypoechoic) (p = 0.237).

Conclusion
This study provides preliminary evidence to suggest that intraplaque neovascularization detected by CEUS is associated with the presence of MESs, where as plaque echogenicity on traditional CDUS does not. These findings argue that CEUS may better identify high-risk plaques.
Comparative psychometric analyses of the SCL-90-R and its short versions in patients with affective disorders
Authors: Prinz Ulrich , Nutzinger Detlev O , Schulz Holger , Petermann Franz , Braukhaus Christoph , Andreas Sylke 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Despite the widespread application of Symptom Checklist 90-R (SCL-90-R), its psychometric weaknesses have repeatedly been noted. This study aimed to comparatively assess the psychometric properties of the SCL-90-R scales and the scales of its short versions Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Symptom Checklist-27 (SCL-27), Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18), Symptom Checklist-14 (SCL-14), and Symptom Checklist short version-9 (SCL-K-9) in patients with affective disorders.

Methods
The data of 2,727 patients within the main treatment group of affective disorders were assessed according to the DSM-IV. Patients completed the SCL-90-R and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

Results
There were no significant differences regarding the internal consistency of the SCL-90-R scales and the scales of the short versions. The dimensional structure was only supported for the short versions BSI-18, SCL-14 and SCL-K-9. The assessment of convergent validity revealed high correlations. With regard to the discriminant validity, there were medium correlations. With regard to the sensitivity of change, no significant differences between the scales were found.

Conclusions
In summary, the scales of the short versions show mostly satisfactory psychometric properties in comparison to the scales of the SCL-90-R. The results support the application of the short versions as screening instruments, especially the BSI-18, and more economic variants of the SCL-90-R covering a wide range of psychopathological symptoms.
Which criteria should be used to define type 2 diabetes remission after bariatric surgery?
Authors: Ramos-Levi Ana M , Cabrerizo Lucio , Matía Pilar , Sánchez-Pernaute Andrés , Torres Antonio J , Rubio Miguel A 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Comparison of diabetes remission rates after bariatric surgery using two different models of criteria.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of data from 110 patients with type 2 diabetes and morbid obesity who underwent bariatric surgery, preoperatively and at 18-month follow-up. Comparison of two models of remission: 1) 2009 consensus statement criteria; 2) simple criteria using ADA’s HbA1c diabetes diagnostic cut-off values.

Results
Patients’ mean ± SD preoperative characteristics were: age 53.3 ± 9.5 years, BMI 43.6 ± 5.5 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.9 ± 1.8%, duration of diabetes 7.6 ± 7.5 years. 44.5% of patients with previous insulin therapy. With 2009 consensus statement criteria: complete, partial and no remission in 50%, 12.7% and 37.3%, respectively; with HbA1c criteria: 50%, 15% and 34.5% in the analogous categories (p = 0.673).

Conclusions
We suggest a simpler approach to evaluate diabetes remission after bariatric surgery, following the rationale of the definition of diabetes itself.
Relationship between the population incidence of pertussis in children in New South Wales, Australia and emergency department visits with cough: a time series analysis
Authors: Cashmore Aaron W , Muscatello David J , Merrifield Alistair , Spokes Paula , Macartney Kristine , Jalaludin Bin B 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the potential of syndromic surveillance to provide early warning of pertussis outbreaks. We conducted a time series analysis to assess whether an emergency department (ED) cough syndrome would respond to changes in the incidence of pertussis in children aged under 10 years in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, and to evaluate the timing of any association. A further aim was to assess the lag between the onset of pertussis symptoms and case notification in the infectious diseases surveillance system in NSW.MethodsUsing routinely collected data, we prepared a daily count time series of visits to NSW EDs assigned a provisional diagnosis of cough. Separate daily series were prepared for three independent variables: notifications of cases of pertussis and influenza and ED visits with bronchiolitis (a proxy measure of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection). The study period was 1/1/2007-31/12/2010. A negative binomial multivariate model was used to assess associations between the outcome and independent variables. We also evaluated the median delay in days between the estimated onset of a case of pertussis and the date the local public health authority was notified of that case.ResultsWhen notified pertussis increased by 10 cases in one day, ED visits with cough increased by 5.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.5%-10.0%) seven days later. Daily increases in the other independent variables had a smaller impact on cough visits. When notified influenza increased by 10 cases in one day, ED visits with cough increased by 0.8% (95% CI: 0%-1.7%) seven days later. When ED visits with bronchiolitis increased by 10 visits in one day, ED visits with cough increased by 4.8% (95% CI: 1.2%-8.6%) one day earlier. The median interval between estimated onset of pertussis and case notification was seven days.ConclusionsPertussis appears to be an important driver of ED visits with cough in children aged under 10 years. However, the median delay in notification of cases of pertussis was similar to the lag in the pertussis-associated short-term increases in ED visits with cough. Elevations in RSV and influenza activity may also explain increases in the ED cough syndrome. Real time monitoring of ED visits with cough in children is therefore unlikely to consistently detect a potential outbreak of pertussis before passive surveillance.
Zinc protects against diabetes-induced pathogenic changes in the aorta: roles of metallothionein and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2
Authors: Miao Xiao , Wang Yonggang , Sun Jian , Sun Weixia , Tan Yi , Cai Lu , Zheng Yang , Su Guanfang , Liu Quan , Wang Yuehui 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of the mortality world-wide, which is related to several risks, including the life style change and the increased diabetes prevalence. The present study was to explore the preventive effect of zinc on the pathogenic changes in the aorta.

Methods
A genetic type 1 diabetic OVE26 mouse model was used with/without zinc supplementation for 3 months. To determine gender difference either for pathogenic changes in the aorta of diabetic mice or for zinc protective effects on diabetes-induced pathogenic changes, both males and females were investigated in parallel by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations, in combination of real-time PCR assay.

Results
Diabetes induced significant increases in aortic oxidative damage, inflammation, and remodeling (increased fibrosis and wall thickness) without significant difference between genders. Zinc treatment of these diabetic mice for three months completely prevented the above pathogenic changes in the aorta, and also significantly up-regulated the expression and function of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), a pivotal regulator of anti-oxidative mechanism, and the expression of metallothionein (MT), a potent antioxidant. There was gender difference for the protective effect of zinc against diabetes-induced pathogenic changes and the up-regulated levels of Nrf2 and MT in the aorta.

Conclusions
These results suggest that zinc supplementation provides a significant protection against diabetes-induced pathogenic changes in the aorta without gender difference in the type 1 diabetic mouse model. The aortic protection by zinc against diabetes-induced pathogenic changes is associated with the up-regulation of both MT and Nrf2 expression.
The novel mTOR inhibitor CCI-779 (temsirolimus) induces antiproliferative effects through inhibition of mTOR in Bel-7402 liver cancer cells
Authors: Li Shuyu , Liang Yan , Wu Manlin , Wang Xiaojing , Fu Haixia , Chen Yuhao , Wang Zhigang 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Liver cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in the world. Targeted therapy of cancer with specific inhibitors is developing and has shown promising antitumor efficacy. CCI-779 (temsirolimus), a specific inhibitor of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), can block the mTOR signaling pathway. Here, we systematically examined the expression of mTOR and its downstream targets in liver cancer cells and normal liver cells, then investigated inhibitory effects of CCI-779 on mTOR signaling pathway and its role in regulating liver cancer cell growth.

Methods
The expression of mTOR and its downstream targets in Bel-7402 liver cancer cells and HL-7702 normal liver cells were examined by western blot. The mTOR specific inhibitor (CCI-779) was used to treat Bel-7402 cells to identify its effects on Bel-7402 cell growth and activity of mTOR signaling pathway in vitro. Cell viability tests were performed after the treatment of CCI-779. Western blot was applied to assess the changes of mTOR pathway and flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle of Bel-7402 cells after the treatment of CCI-779.

Results
mTOR, p70S6K, S6, and 4EBP1 were overexpressed in Bel-7402 cells compared with HL-7702 cells. Bel-7402 cells were sensitive to CCI-779. The survival rate of the cells treated with CCI-779 over 0.312 μM was significantly different compared with that of control (P < 0.05). CCI-779 inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR (Ser2448), p70S6K (Thr389), S6 (Ser240/244), and 4EBP1 (Thr37/46) in different grades and the expressions of p70S6K, S6, and 4EBP1. As a result, CCI-779 induced a dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation, G1/S arrest and damage of cell shape.

Conclusions
Taken together, these data showed that CCI-779 can inhibit mTOR signaling and proliferation in Bel-7402 liver cancer cells in vitro. It offers a therapeutic intervention through inhibition of mTOR as a potential strategy for liver cancer.
Self-similarity property of acoustic data acquired in shallow water environment
Authors: Chen Jin , Duan Fa-jie , Jiang Jia-jia , Zhang Baoju , Tong Ying , He Jun 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Underwater acoustic modeling in shallow water environment is difficult since sound waves reflect several times between the surface and the water bottom. This article discusses an underwater acoustic characteristics analysis method based on self-similarity. It is found that acoustic signal has good self-similarity in shallow water. The actual towed hydrophone linear array was established and it was used for underwater acoustic signal acquisition experiment in Qilihai Reservoir which is located in the suburb of Tianjin, China. It can be derived that the signals acquired by hydrophones have self-similarity by the analysis of the variance of m-aggregated time series. It is proved that the characteristics of self-similarity can be used for the sound pulse propagation in shallow water.