bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed convective flow analysis of a Maxwell fluid with double diffusion theory on a vertically exponentially stretching surface
Authors: Khan Muhammad Naveed , Wang Zhentao , Ahammad N. Ameer , Rezapour Shahram , Shutaywi Meshal , Ali Naim Ben , Elkotb Mohamed Abdelghany 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt observers that an object is submerged in a liquid, more pressure is applied to its bottom surface than its top surface, as a result pressure rises within depth of fluids. A buoyancy force is generated due to the pressure difference. In the current investigation, the mathematical formulation of bio-convective stagnation point flow of a radiative Maxwell fluid with multiple slip effect on an exponentially porous stretching surface is analyzed thoroughly. The buoyancy assisting and opposing conditions with magnetic field are discussed in the current investigation. Moreover, the energy and concertation equations are formulated by the utilization of Cattaneo–Christov theory and non-uniform heat source/sink. The flow model is developed in the form of partial derivatives, then use the similarity variables to convert the physical system into nonlinear ordinary derivative. The nonlinear system is tackled numerically with the help of Bvp4c approach on the MATLAB. The graphical upshots for various emerging parameter are observed with two aspects: buoyancy assisting $$\left( {\lambda > 0} \right)$$

λ
>
0

and buoyancy opposing $$\left( {\lambda < 0} \right)$$

λ
<
0

. The observation shows that the greater values of mixed convection parameter improves the fluid velocity for assisting flow $$\left( {\lambda > 0} \right)$$

λ
>
0

, while declining trend is noticing for opposing flow situation $$\left( {\lambda > 0} \right)$$

λ
>
0

. Further, it is worth noticing that stronger inputs of thermal and concentration relaxation parameter yield lesser thermal and concentration diffusivity, which reduces the temperature and nanoparticles concentration.
Innovative teaching in infection prevention and control and infectious diseases education: testing and investigation of student perceptions
Authors: Kaba Hani E. J. , Misailovski Martin , Brähler Jasmin , Garcia Josué A. Bucio , Artelt Tanja , Raupach Tobias , Scheithauer Simone 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Many curricula promote frontal teaching approaches, potentially decreasing interaction and motivation – also within infection prevention & control and infectious diseases (IPC/ID). We aimed to investigate the implementation of three innovative teaching methods (ITM) within IPC/ID education: game-based learning (GBL), peer-teaching (PT) and misinformation detection (MID).

Methods
Multi-phase study involving third-year medical students was conducted. Phase-1 included a cross-sectional survey, assessing previous ITM-experience and interest to participate in phase-2, where the students were divided into teams. Each team prepared a video covering an IPC/ID-topic with deliberately placed misinformation, which had to be identified and corrected by the opposing team, followed by qualitative evaluation (phase-3). Finally, the MID-concept was incorporated into regular curricula in a non-competitive environment (phase-4) and evaluated within a cohort not involved in phases 1–3.

Results
276 students responded to phase-1. 58% expressed interest in participating in phase-2. Roughly 59% [47–71%] CI-95% of respondents without previous PT-experience stated interest in PT, while the interest in GBL and MID was even higher. 19 students participated in phase-2. All topic MID-scores ranged between 6 and 8/10 points, except for emporiatrics (3/10). Post-hoc analysis revealed a positive student-perception of ITM, particularly GBL. Phase-4 received 103 responses with general positive evaluation. Major agreements existed on the usefulness of critical information evaluation for medical practice (82% [75–91%] CI-95%) and of MID during studies (69% [59–79%] CI-95%).

Conclusion
our results hint at a relatively high interest in ITM and show MID applicability in regular IPC/ID curricula, which could be of advantage for the learning environment.
Assessment of three criteria to establish borrelial infection in suspected lyme neuroborreliosis
Authors: Ogrinc Katarina , Bogovič Petra , Maraspin Vera , Lotrič Furlan Stanka , Rojko Tereza , Ružić-Sabljić Eva , Kastrin Andrej , Strle Klemen , Wormser Gary P. , Strle Franc 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Diagnosis of (European) Lyme neuroborreliosis has been based on clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis and demonstration of intrathecal borrelial antibody synthesis (ITBAS) to document Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. infection. It is not known if other criteria to document Borrelia infection may contribute to the diagnosis.

Methods
We compared the sensitivity of three individual criteria (ITBAS, CSF Borrelia culture, and the presence of erythema migrans [EM]) to confirm the diagnosis of early Lyme neuroborreliosis in 280 patients ≥ 15 years of age evaluated at a Lyme borreliosis outpatient clinic in Slovenia. The patients had either radicular pain of new onset or involvement of a cranial nerve but without radicular pain, each in conjunction with CSF pleocytosis. Evaluation was of patients who had each of the three confirmatory criteria assessed, and for whom at least one criterion was positive.

Results
Analysis of 280 patients, 120 women and 160 men, median age 57 (range 15–84) years, revealed that ITBAS was the most frequently observed positive criterion (85.4%), followed by EM (52.9%), and by a positive CSF Borrelia culture (9.6%). Of the 280 patients, 154 (55%) met only one criterion (43.2% ITBAS only, 10.7% EM only, and 1.1% positive CSF culture only), whereas 42.1% met two criteria. Only 2.9% of patients were positive by all three criteria.

Conclusion
Although ITBAS was the most frequent criterion for confirmation for Borrelia infection, the presence of EM alone confirmed an additional 10.7% of patients and a positive CSF Borrelia culture alone added another 1.1%.
The politicisation of sport and the principle of political neutrality: a contradiction in terms?
Authors: Grix Jonathan , James Mark 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecent events have once again shone a spotlight on the principle of political neutrality invoked by many Sports Governing Bodies to justify their inaction in response to political issues in the world of sport. The war in Ukraine and the hosting of the FIFA World Cup in Qatar have tested the political neutrality of both FIFA and the IOC. The consequences of this stance have led to FIFA overlooking a number of human rights issues in Qatar and the IOC ignoring human rights concerns in host states, awarding Russia and China recent versions of the Winter Olympics. This article outlines the most salient examples of the politicization of sport, exposing the myth upon which the principle of political neutrality is based. The aim is to offer a clear understanding of the processes behind the politicization of sport, the attraction of sport to governments of all political hues, and its use in ‘sportswashing’ activities and ‘soft power’ acquisition. Such an analysis of sport politics provides a glimpse behind the veneer of apoliticality enshrined in the principle of political neutrality and hence a better basis for scholars of sports law to understand the politically sensitive cases arising in sport in the present day.
A Scoping Review of Stigma Related to Prostate Cancer in Black Men
Authors: Bamidele Olufikayo , Greenley Sarah , Ukoha-Kalu Blessing Onyinye , Titus Opeyemi Faith , Nanton Veronica 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer (CaP) disproportionately affects 1-in-4 Black men and is a stigmatised disease within their communities. Yet, Black men are underrepresented in CaP research concerning stigma, which necessitates a scoping review to map available evidence on this topic to inform future research.

Aims
To map published literature on stigma related to CaP in Black men to understand their experiences and/or perceptions and identify directions for future research.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted using the five-step framework by Arksey and O’Malley. Studies published in English addressing stigma related to CaP from the perspectives of Black men and/or their families were included. We searched six databases including Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection and Google Scholar, from inception to April 2023. Citation searches were also conducted. Two independent reviewers conducted screening and data extraction. Data was synthesised using descriptive content analysis.

Results
Thirty-four eligible studies conducted in the USA, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, South Africa, Cameroon and Canada from 1995 to 2023 were included. A total of 1867 Black men with/without a CaP diagnosis and 145 adult partners were included. Review findings showed a complex intersection of self-stigma, public stigma and structural stigma impacted Black men’s perceptions of their masculinity. While men’s experiences/perceptions of stigma varied depending on their illness status, there were commonalities in their masculinity concerns (underpinned by stigma), which influenced their attitude towards digital rectal examination, post-treatment side effects and social interactions on CaP. These have implications for public health messaging on CaP within Black communities, as well as patient-provider interactions with the men.

Conclusions
This novel review highlights the need to pay attention to how CaP is presented to Black men and their communities using avenues and languages that are culturally acceptable and empower them to negotiate self-stigma, public stigma and structural stigma related to CaP. Directions for further research were also identified.
Guidelines for Increasing Access to Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Under-Resourced Schools
Authors: L. Phan Mary , L. Renshaw Tyler , D. Farley Caleb 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in schools have become increasingly popular, as these practices can be integrated into classrooms by teachers, adapted to fit the individual needs of students or groups of students, and implemented as a schoolwide commitment to improve well-being. Research shows that MBIs are broadly effective for improving a variety of social, emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes for diverse students. However, implementation of MBIs in under-resourced schools presents a unique set of challenges for school staff. This paper addresses this issue constructively by providing guidelines for increasing access to MBIs in under-resourced schools. First, we provide a brief overview of common ecological barriers—and potential solutions—to implementing MBIs in under-resourced schools at the individual-level, team-level, school-level, and macro-level. This overview is followed by recommendations for de-implementing outdated interventions and implementing MBIs instead. Finally, we complete our guidelines by describing the Adapting Strategies to Promote Implementation Reach and Equity (ASPIRE) framework and how this heuristic can be applied to guide culturally sensitive and equity-focused adaptations to MBIs in under-resourced schools.
Automatic control of UAVs: new adaptive rules and type-3 fuzzy stabilizer
Authors: Cai Jinya , Zhang Haiping , Khadakar Amith , Mohammadzadeh Ardashir , Zhang Chunwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become important in an extensive range of fields such as surveillance, environmental monitoring, agriculture, infrastructure inspection, commercial applications, and many others. Ensuring stable flight and precise control of UAVs, especially in adverse weather conditions or turbulent environments, presents significant challenges. Developing control systems that can adapt to these environmental factors while ensuring safe and reliable operation is a main motivation. Considering the challenges, first, an adaptive model is identified using the input/output data sets. New adaptation laws are obtained for dynamic parameters. Then, a Type-3 (T3) Fuzzy Logic System (FLS) is used to compensate for the error of dynamic identification. T3-FLS is tuned by a sliding mode control (SMC) strategy. The robustness is analyzed considering the adaptation error using the SMC approach. The main idea is that the basic dynamics of UAVs are taken into account, and adaptation laws are designed to enhance the modeling accuracy. On the other hand, an optimized T3-FLS with SMC is introduced to eliminate the adaption errors and ensure robustness. Several simulations show that known parameters converge under uncertainty, and the stability is kept, well. Also, output signals follow the desired trajectories under dynamic perturbations, identification errors, and uncertainties.
Attention-based RNN with question-aware loss and multi-level copying mechanism for natural answer generation
Authors: Zhao Fen , Shao Huishuang , Li Shuo , Wang Yintong , Yu Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNatural answer generation is in a very clear practical significance and strong application background, which can be widely used in the field of knowledge services such as community question answering and intelligent customer service. Traditional knowledge question answering is to provide precise answer entities and neglect the defects; namely, users hope to receive a complete natural answer. In this research, we propose a novel attention-based recurrent neural network for natural answer generation, which is enhanced with multi-level copying mechanisms and question-aware loss. To generate natural answers that conform to grammar, we leverage multi-level copying mechanisms and the prediction mechanism which can copy semantic units and predict common words. Moreover, considering the problem that the generated natural answer does not match the user question, question-aware loss is introduced to make the generated target answer sequences correspond to the question. Experiments on three response generation tasks show our model to be superior in quality while being more parallelizable and requiring significantly less time to train. Our model achieves 0.727 BLEU on the SimpleQuestions response generation task, improving over the existing best results by over 0.007 BLEU. Our model has scored a significant enhancement on naturalness with up to 0.05 more than best performing baseline. The simulation results show that our method can generate grammatical and contextual natural answers according to user needs.
Finite Groups Whose Maximal Subgroups are 2-Nilpotent or Normal
Authors: Shao Changguo , Beltrán Antonio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe describe the structure of those finite groups whose maximal subgroups are either 2-nilpotent or normal. Among other properties, we prove that if such a group G does not have any non-trivial quotient that is a 2-group, then G is solvable. Also, if G is a solvable group satisfying the above conditions, then the 2-length of G is less than or equal to 2. If, on the contrary, G is not solvable, then G has exactly one non-abelian principal factor and the unique simple group involved is one of the groups $$\textrm{PSL}_2(p^{2^a})$$

PSL
2

(

p

2
a

)

, where p is an odd prime and $$a\ge 1$$

a
≥
1

, or p is a prime satisfying $$p\equiv \pm 1$$

p
≡
±
1

$$(\textrm{mod}~ 8)$$

(
mod

8
)

and $$a=0$$

a
=
0

.
The complex network patterns of human migration at different geographical scales: network science meets regression analysis
Authors: Pitoski Dino , Meštrović Ana , Schmeets Hans 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMigration’s influence in shaping population dynamics in times of impending climate and population crises exposes its crucial role in upholding societal cohesion. As migration impacts virtually all aspects of life, it continues to require attention across scientific disciplines. This study aims to bridge the gap between theoretical understanding and practical application by integrating network analysis and regression methodologies within Migration Studies. In the study we employ network analysis to elucidate migration patterns at various geographical scales-city, country, and global. Additionally, regression analysis is discussed on an exploratory level, where we focus on the underlying factors driving migration, and identifying the key independent variables to enhance predictive accuracy. The study exposes distinct migration network structure and its features, and the consequences these have on conventional regression analysis applications. We conclude on the importance of methodological coherence and disciplinary integration, and highlight the avenues for enhancing the predictive power of migration models.
Non-Indigenous teachers’ understandings of relationally responsive curriculum through an Indigenous standpoint
Authors: Lembit Nive Danae , Burgess Cathie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAustralian schools routinely fail to deliver culturally responsive educational experiences for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students. Educational structures, including the curriculum, are organised according to neoliberal, settler colonial epistemologies, which fracture and neglect Aboriginal and Torres Strait worldviews. In this study, research yarns were conducted with four non-Indigenous teachers working in an urban Sydney school, focusing on their experiences of responding to the curriculum’s cultural neglect through the enactment of relationality. Findings reveal that while teachers face major structural constraints when attempting to incorporate culturally responsive practices, they enacted relationality in their curriculum and pedagogies through the elements of relationships, place and curriculum concepts. A Relationally Responsive Curriculum Framework is proposed as a possible way for teachers to craft a coherent and holistic Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander curriculum narrative. There is also scope for this framework to be further revised to centre Aboriginal voices and to be applied to the written curriculum to embed Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander worldviews in the very structure and values of education systems.
Multi-Model Ensemble Machine Learning Approaches to Project Climatic Scenarios in a River Basin in the Pyrenees
Authors: Bilbao-Barrenetxea Nerea , Martínez-España Raquel , Jimeno-Sáez Patricia , Faria Sergio Henrique , Senent-Aparicio Javier 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study employs machine learning algorithms to construct Multi Model Ensembles (MMEs) based on Regional Climate Models (RCMs) within the Esca River basin in the Pyrenees. RCMs are ranked comprehensively based on their performance in simulating precipitation (pr), minimum temperature (tmin), and maximum temperature (tmax), revealing variability across seasons and influenced by the General Circulation Model (GCM) driving each RCM. The top-ranked approach is used to determine the optimal number of RCMs for MME construction, resulting in the selection of seven RCMs. Analysis of MME results demonstrates significant improvements in precipitation on both annual and seasonal scales, while temperature-related enhancements are more subtle at the seasonal level. The effectiveness of the ML–MME technique is highlighted by its impact on hydrological representation using a Temez model, yielding outcomes comparable to climate observations and surpassing results from Simple Ensemble Means (SEMs). The methodology is extended to climate projections under the RCP8.5 scenario, generating more realistic information for precipitation, temperature, and streamflow compared to SEM, thus reducing uncertainty and aiding informed decision-making in hydrological modeling at the basin scale. This study underscores the potential of ML–MME techniques in advancing climate projection accuracy and enhancing the reliability of data for basin-scale impact analyses.
Experimental validation of an analytical transient model for saturated boosting gain in DC–DC converters with variable duty cycle
Authors: Adly Golina Samir , Anis Wagdy R. , Ezzat Simon , Abdullatif Sameh O. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an innovative approach to characterize the boosting gain saturation phenomenon in DC–DC converters with variable duty cycles, a crucial component in energy management applications such as renewable energy systems and IoT devices. While existing literature predominantly relies on steady-state models to explain boosting gain behaviour, this study reveals discrepancies between theoretical predictions and experimental observations, particularly at high duty cycles. The research introduces an analytical model to accurately capture the boosting gain dynamics of a boost chopper converter, addressing the limitations of traditional steady-state analyses. Through experimental validation and numerical simulations using CAD tools, a significant boosting gain saturation of approximately 2.2 is empirically observed, highlighting the necessity for a transient model approach. By providing a comprehensive understanding of the boosting ratio constraints in practical boost converters, this work contributes to advancing the analytical modelling techniques in the field. The mathematical model’s validation through rigorous experimental measurements and simulation analyses underscores its reliability and applicability in real-world scenarios. The structured organization of the paper elucidates the development and verification process, culminating in insightful conclusions that underscore the significance of transient modelling in enhancing the performance and efficiency of DC–DC converters.
The Relationship Between Parents’ Own Responses to Childhood Bullying and What Strategies They Would Recommend to Their Children
Authors: Boddy Emma , Johnston Michael , Allan Katie , Jacobsen-Grocott Tessa , Green Vanessa A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGiven the probable influence parents have on the development and maintenance of bullying and victimization in their children, there is potential for an intergenerational transmission of coping strategies in response to bullying incidents. Cross-sectional data is presented from an online anonymous questionnaire conducted in New Zealand. Parents gave responses about their own childhood experiences of various forms of bullying, how they responded, whether the responses were effective and whether they would recommend the response to their own children. The study had 104 parent participants (72 mothers and 32 fathers) with an average age of 40 years (range 21 to 62 years), and their children were aged between 5 months and 17 years; 93% resided in New Zealand. During childhood, the majority of participants had experienced verbal bullying (90%), 55% experienced relational bullying and 43% physical bullying. The strategies tell someone else and ignore the bullying were the most frequently recommended, and about half the participants had found them effective. Talk to the bully about their behaviour was recommended by almost a third of participants and had been used by a similar number. In contrast, although retaliate was not recommended by participants, it had been used by over 50%, half of whom found it effective in response to physical bullying. Overall, there was considerable variation with regard to which strategies parents had used, how effective they were for differing forms of bullying and whether they themselves would recommend a particular strategy to their child. Implications for how parents’ own varied experiences may contribute to the conversations both at home and in school about what we should recommend to children are discussed.