bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of MgO to Promote the Oxyethylation Reaction of Lauryl Alcohol
Authors: Pilarska Agnieszka , Lukosek Marek , Siwińska-Stefańska Katarzyna , Pilarski Krzysztof , Jesionowski Teofil 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Synthesis of magnesium hydroxide was performed by the precipitation method with the use of magnesium sulfate and sodium hydroxide. The infiuence of temperature and ratio of reagents was studied. Magnesium hydroxides, and the magnesium oxides obtained from them by thermal decomposition, were analyzed to determine their bulk density, polydispersity and particle size. The magnesium oxide with the largest surface area was tested as a catalyst in the oxyethylation of lauryl alcohol, and shown to be selective but poorly reactive in comparison with commercially available catalysts. Further studies are needed to improve its reactivity.
Pilot Study of Generation and Disposal of Municipal Solid Wastes in Selected Household in Rural Areas in the South-Western Poland
Authors: Strzelczyk Maria 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Pilot study of the composition of wastes was carried out in 15 rural family households engaged in agricultural activity. In the study group the average resident of rural areas generates about 166 kg of municipal wastes annually. The conducted studies showed that the composition of municipal wastes coming from rural households changes seasonally. During the periods of summer and autumn, the quantity of bio-wastes increased distinctly. The average mass of wastes transferred to the companies engaged in the collection of wastes in the analyzed rural households is almost 50 kg · M–1. year–1. The studies showed that over 80% of organic wastes (kitchen and garden) is utilized in the place where they are generated. In the studies, organic wastes were collected selectively (in separate bags), which undoubtedly had infiuence on their humidity (70–90%). Laboratory analysis of these wastes showed that the ratio C:N in it was from 7 to 19, whereas pH lay within the limits from 5.8 to 6.9 indicating its very good properties for the composting process. Therefore composting of organic waste from rural household should be recommended as the best way for its disposal and the weight reduction of biodegradable waste going to landfills. Comparison of the analyzed variants showed that some waste other than kitchen and garden does not leave the holding (it is re-used or burned in home hearths).
Separation of 1,3-Propanediol from Aqueous Solutions by Ion Exchange Chromatography
Authors: Rukowicz Beata , Miesiąc Ireneusz , Alejski Krzysztof 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
1,3-propanediol is a promising monomer with many applications and can be produced by bioconversion of renewable resources. The separation of this product from fermentation broth is a difficult task. In this work, the application of cation exchange resin for the separation of 1,3-propanediol from model aqueous solution was examined. The best effect of separation of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol using sorption method was obtained for H+ resin form, although the observed partition coefficient of 1,3-propanediol was low. On the basis of the results of the sorption of 1,3-propanediol, the ionic forms of the resin were selected and used in the next experiments (H+, Ca2+, Ag+, Na+, Pb2+, Zn2+). The best results in ion exchange chromatography were obtained for cation exchange resin in H+ and Ca2+ form. The use of smaller particle size of resin and a longer length of the column allows to obtain better separation of mixtures.
Removal of Ni2+ from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption Onto Magnetic Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite
Authors: Konicki Wojciech , Pełech Iwona , Mijowska Ewa 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution by magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposite (MMWCNTs-C) was investigated. MMWCNTs-C was characterized by X-ray Diffraction method (XRD), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), surface area (BET), and Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of initial concentration, contact time, solution pH, and temperature on the Ni2+ adsorption onto MMWCNTs-C were studied. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to fit the adsorption data. The results showed that the adsorption isotherm data were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model with the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 2.11 mg g–1. The adsorption kinetics was best described by the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic parameters, such as ΔHo, ΔGo and ΔSo, were also determined and evaluated. The adsorption of Ni2+ is generally spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable. The values of ΔHo and ΔGo indicate that the adsorption of Ni2+ onto MMWCNTs-C was a physisorption process.
Precipitation of Calcium Carbonate in the Presence of Urea at 293 K and 343 K
Authors: Białowicz Katarzyna , Kiełkowska Urszula 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The results of the precipitation of calcium carbonate from a waste post-distillation liquid (DS) and a sodium bicarbonate saturated solution – both from the Solvay method – in the presence of urea are presented. The investigation was carried out at 293 K and 343 K. Reagent dosage times of 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min, and urea concentrations of 5, 6 and 10 mol/dm3 were applied. The granulometric composition, the values of bulk and packing densities and the absorptiveness sorption of water and paraffin oil from the obtained calcium carbonate were investigated.
Ab-initio studies of thermal and superconducting properties of HfX2 alloys (X = Tc, Re, and Os)
Authors: Sathyakumari V. , Sankar S. , Mahalakshmi K. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
A systematic study of thermal properties such as the Debye temperature, specific heat coefficient, Grüneisen constant, electron-phonon coupling constant and transition temperature have been carried out using the results of electronic band structure and related characteristics, for hafnium superconducting alloys, namely, HfTc2, HfRe2 and HfOs2. Computation of the electronic band structure and associated properties has been carried out using the tight-binding-linear-muffin-tin-orbital (TBLMTO) method within atomic sphere approximation (ASA). The calculated values have been compared with the available results of literature data.
The Dose-Response Relationship Between Cumulative Lifting Load and Lumbar Disk Degeneration Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings
Authors: Hung Yu-Ju , Shih Tiffany T-F. , Chen Bang-Bin , Hwang Yaw-Huei , Ma Li-Ping , Huang Wen-Chuan , Liou Saou-Hsing , Ho Ing-Kang , Guo Yue L. 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundLumbar disk degeneration (LDD) has been related to heavy physical loading. However, the quantification of the exposure has been controversial, and the dose-response relationship with the LDD has not been established.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the dose-response relationship between lifetime cumulative lifting load and LDD.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsEvery participant received assessments with a questionnaire, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine, and estimation of lumbar disk compression load. The MRI assessments included assessment of disk dehydration, annulus tear, disk height narrowing, bulging, protrusion, extrusion, sequestration, degenerative and spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, foramina narrowing, and nerve root compression on each lumbar disk level. The compression load was predicted using a biomechanical software system.ResultsA total of 553 participants were recruited in this study and categorized into tertiles by cumulative lifting load (ie, &lt;4.0 × 105, 4.0 × 105 to 8.9 × 106, and ≥8.9 × 106 Nh). The risk of LDD increased with cumulative lifting load. The best dose-response relationships were found at the L5–S1 disk level, in which high cumulative lifting load was associated with elevated odds ratios of 2.5 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]=1.5, 4.1) for dehydration and 4.1 (95% CI=1.9, 10.1) for disk height narrowing compared with low lifting load. Participants exposed to intermediate lifting load had an increased odds ratio of 2.1 (95% CI=1.3, 3.3) for bulging compared with low lifting load. The tests for trend were significant.LimitationsThere is no “gold standard” assessment tool for measuring the lumbar compression load.ConclusionsThe results suggest a dose-response relationship between cumulative lifting load and LDD.
Incorporating Self-Management in Prosthetic Rehabilitation: Case Report of an Integrated Knowledge-to-Action Process
Authors: van Twillert Sacha , Postema Klaas , Geertzen Jan H.B. , Lettinga Ant T. 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundIn improvement of clinical practice, unidirectional approaches of translating evidence into clinical practice have been pinpointed as main obstacles. The concept of engaged scholarship has been introduced to guide knowledge-to-action (KTA) processes, in which research knowledge and practical knowledge derived from therapists, patients, and organizational structures mutually inform each other. Accordingly, KTA experts should engage end-users earlier in knowledge translation and work in concert with them on both knowledge creation and knowledge implementation.PurposeThe purposes of this case report are: (1) to provide an illustrative example of an evidence-informed improvement process in prosthetic rehabilitation in a local setting and (2) to articulate the bidirectional translation work incorporated into an integrated KTA process.Case DescriptionA KTA expert translated research knowledge on self-management and task- and context-specific training into a functional prosthetic training program for patients with a lower limb amputation. Therapists contributed as co-creators to the translation process with practical knowledge of the specificities of the target group and local organizational context. The KTA expert moved the co-created knowledge into action in iterative and interactive steps with local therapists, patients, and managers.OutcomeThis bidirectional KTA translation process led to shared ownership of the functional prosthetic training program, in which self-management and task- and context-specific training principles and practices were integrated.DiscussionBidirectional knowledge translation builds on explicating and integrating the different knowledge practices of researchers, therapists, and their patients. Knowledge-to-action experts and end-users have their own roles and activities in such knowledge translation processes. Appreciating these different roles in genuine partnerships and acknowledging the distinct but equally valued knowledge practices can help in effectively translating evidence into action.
The impact of patient age and comorbidities on the occurrence of “never events” in cerebrovascular surgery: an analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample
Authors: Wen Timothy , He Shuhan , Attenello Frank , Cen Steven Y. , Kim-Tenser May , Adamczyk Peter , Amar Arun P. , Sanossian Nerses , Mack William J. 
Published: June 2014

Object
As health care administrators focus on patient safety and cost-effectiveness, methodical assessment of quality outcome measures is critical. In 2008 the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) published a series of “never events” that included 11 hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) for which related costs of treatment are not reimbursed. Cerebrovascular procedures (CVPs) are complex and are often performed in patients with significant medical comorbidities.

Methods
This study examines the impact of patient age and medical comorbidities on the occurrence of CMS-defined HACs, as well as the effect of these factors on the length of stay (LOS) and hospitalization charges in patients undergoing common CVPs.

Results
The HACs occurred at a frequency of 0.49% (1.33% in the intracranial procedures and 0.33% in the carotid procedures). Falls/trauma (n = 4610, 72.3% HACs, 357 HACs per 100,000 CVPs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (n = 714, 11.2% HACs, 55 HACs per 100,000 CVPs) were the most common events. Age and the presence of ≥ 2 comorbidities were strong independent predictors of HACs (p < 0.0001). The occurrence of HACs negatively impacts both LOS and hospital costs. Patients with at least 1 HAC were 10 times more likely to have prolonged LOS (≥ 90th percentile) (p < 0.0001), and 8 times more likely to have high inpatient costs (≥ 90th percentile) (p < 0.0001) when adjusting for patient and hospital factors.

Conclusions
Improved quality protocols focused on individual patient characteristics might help to decrease the frequency of HACs in this high-risk population. These data suggest that risk adjustment according to underlying patient factors may be warranted when considering reimbursement for costs related to HACs in the setting of CVPs.
Female sex as a risk factor for the growth of asymptomatic unruptured cerebral saccular aneurysms in elderly patients
Authors: Kubo Yoshitaka , Koji Takahiro , Kashimura Hiroshi , Otawara Yasunari , Ogawa Akira , Ogasawara Kuniaki 
Published: June 2014

Object
The prevalence of patients with asymptomatic unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) increases with the advancing age of the general population. The goal of the present study was to identify risk factors for the growth of UIAs detected with serial MR angiography (MRA) in patients 70 years of age or older.

Methods
This prospective study enrolled 79 patients (age range 70–84 years) with 98 UIAs. Patients were followed up every 4 months, including an assessment of the aneurysm diameter and morphological changes on MRA, neurological status, and other medical conditions. Aneurysm growth was categorized into two different patterns on the basis of the MRA findings: 1) maximum increase in aneurysm diameter of 2 mm or more; and 2) obvious morphological change, such as the appearance of a bleb.

Results
The mean duration of follow-up was 38.5 months (250.2 patient-years). Aneurysm rupture did not occur, but aneurysm growth was observed in 8 aneurysms (8 patients) during the study period. Univariate analysis showed that female sex, patient age ≥ 75 years, and an aneurysm location in the internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA) were associated with aneurysm growth (p = 0.04, p = 0.04, and p < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that female sex was the only independent predictor of aneurysm growth (p = 0.0313, OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–30.2).

Conclusions
Female sex is an independent risk factor for the growth of UIAs in elderly patients. In addition, an age ≥ 75 years and aneurysm location in the ICA or MCA are characteristics that may warrant additional attention during follow-up imaging.
Lateral inferior cerebellar peduncle approach to dorsolateral medullary cavernous malformation
Authors: Deshmukh Vivek R. , Rangel-Castilla Leonardo , Spetzler Robert F. 
Published: June 2014

Object
Brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) present a unique therapeutic challenge to neurosurgeons. Resection of BSCMs is typically reserved for lesions that reach pial or ependymal surfaces. The current study investigates the lateral inferior cerebellar peduncle as a corridor to dorsolateral medullary BSCMs.

Methods
In this retrospective review, the authors present the cases of 4 patients (3 women and 1 man) who had a symptomatic dorsolateral cavernous malformation with radiographic and clinical evidence of hemorrhage.

Results
All patients underwent excision of the cavernous malformation via a far-lateral suboccipital craniotomy through the foramen of Luschka and with an incision in the inferior cerebellar peduncle. On intraoperative examination, 2 of the 4 patients had hemosiderin staining on the surface of the peduncle. All lesions were completely excised and all patients had a good or excellent outcome (modified Rankin Scale scores of 0 or 1).

Conclusions
This case series illustrates that intrinsic lesions of the dorsolateral medulla can be safely removed laterally through the foramen of Luschka and the inferior cerebellar peduncle.
Asymptomatic lipomas of the medullary conus: surgical treatment versus conservative management
Authors: Talamonti Giuseppe , D'Aliberti Giuseppe , Nichelatti Michele , Debernardi Alberto , Picano Marco , Redaelli Tiziana 
Published: June 2014

Object
The goal of this study was to compare long-term results of surgery with the outcomes of conservative treatment in patients with asymptomatic lipomas of the conus medullaris.

Methods
The parents of 56 consecutive children with a diagnosis of asymptomatic lipoma of the conus medullaris underwent detailed neurosurgical consultation. The pros and cons of both prophylactic surgery and conservative treatment were carefully presented. Both options were offered, and the parents were free to choose the preferred management. A total of 32 children underwent surgical treatment, and 24 were conservatively treated. Afterward, all patients entered the same protocol of serial neurological and urological follow-up at the Centro Spina Bifida. The mean follow-up periods were 9.7 years in the surgical treatment group and 10.4 years in the conservative treatment group.

Results
Permanent surgical morbidity was 3.1% (1 patient). During follow-up, tethered cord syndrome occurred in 9.7% of the surgically treated patients (3 of 32 patients) and in 29.1% of the conservatively managed children (7 of 24 patients). This difference did not result in statistical significance, but a clear trend in favor of surgery emerged. Young age at surgery and a cord/sac ratio < 50% appeared to be determining factors in the prevention of subsequent tethered cord syndrome.

Conclusions
The small size of this series does not provide enough statistical evidence that surgical treatment can really improve the natural history of asymptomatic lipomas of the conus medullaris. Nevertheless, surgery appears at least advisable since it reduces by 75% the odds of TCS (p = 0.067), which is quite close to statistical significance.
La psychiatrie de secteur confrontée aux soins pénalement ordonnés
Authors: Di Rocco Vincent , Ravit Magali 
Published: June 2014

La prise en charge des auteurs de violences sexuelles par des structures de soins intégrés aux lieux de détention a inspiré la mise en place de peines dites « de suivi socio-judiciaire » se déroulant après l’incarcération, hors des murs de la prison. Mais cette transposition ne va pas de soi, elle confronte le dispositif public de soin psychiatrique français à un nouveau type de pratique qui modifie profondément les repères établis, suscitant des résistances et un réaménagement des pratiques. Cet article propose de relever plusieurs de ces difficultés et d’en saisir les effets sur les pratiques psychothérapiques d’inspiration psychanalytique à travers les notions de rencontre clinique et d’objet de relation.
La question du suicide, le pari de la rencontre : quelques dispositifs de prévention autour du mouvement suicidaire chez l'adolescent
Authors: Edan Anne , Schmid Nichols Nathalie 
Published: June 2014

Le suicide est la première cause de mortalité en Suisse chez les 15-24 ans. La rencontre avec un adolescent pris dans un mouvement suicidaire est un moment clé. Les auteurs développent le pari de cette rencontre pour aborder la question tendue par l’intention suicidaire de l’adolescent. De cette rencontre, l’Unité de crise (HUG-Fondation Children Action) pour adolescents de Genève va proposer un soin sur mesure. S’intéressant aux pré-requis de la demande d’aide et aux dispositifs de répondance en présence ou à distance actuellement offerts au sein du volet « prévention » de l’Unité, les auteurs considèrent que ces différentes modalités ne peuvent se substituer les unes aux autres, mais qu’il est essentiel de les conjuguer pour qu’une rencontre puisse avoir lieu.
Mise en acte, comportement, psychanalyse
Authors: Richard Christèle , de Coulon Nicolas 
Published: June 2014

Le présent article explore la notion de mise en acte pour la différencier de celle d’agir et d’agir de transfert, à l’aide de l’exemple particulier de l’interpellation du parent réel par le patient, au cours d’une psychothérapie psychanalytique. Il s’agit d’un texte à deux voix pour faire dialoguer deux modèles : la première partie, clinique, est écrite par une thérapeute formée aux approches psychodynamiques et TCC ; la deuxième partie développe des associations théorico-cliniques, à partir d’une position plus strictement psychanalytique. Cet essai de réflexion en commun se fait dans une perspective d’ouverture entre écoles de pensées différentes.
Surface Quality of Human Corneal Lenticules After SMILE Assessed Using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Ziebarth Noël M. , Lorenzo Michael A. , Chow Jessica , Cabot Florence , Spooner Gregory J. R. , Dishler Jon , Hjortdal Jesper Ø. , Yoo Sonia H. 
Published: June 2014

PURPOSE:
To assess the cut quality of the anterior and posterior surfaces of intrastromal refractive lenticules removed during small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:

The VisuMax femtosecond laser (500 kHz; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) was used to perform SMILE on 8 eyes of 5 individuals to correct only myopia (no cylinder). The cut energy index was 26 (equivalent to an energy of 130 nJ) with a 2.5 × 2.5
μ
m spot/track separation. The lenticule diameter was 6.5 mm with a minimum edge thickness of 15
μ
m and the cap diameter was 7.3 mm with an intended thickness of 120
μ
m. After laser treatment, the lenticule was loosened with a spatula and removed with forceps. The extracted lenticules were placed in 2% formalin and sent for imaging with an environmental scanning electron microscope. Images of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lenticules were obtained at multiple magnifications (100×, 250×, and 500×). Surface quality was evaluated by an investigator who specializes in electron microscopy using three criteria: overall surface regularity, percent of surface irregularity, and position of irregular area.

RESULTS:
Both the anterior and posterior surfaces of the extracted lenticules were smooth and absent of surface irregularities. The cut edges also appeared uniform. Jagged edges were seen in several images, but were clearly caused by the forceps during extraction.

CONCLUSIONS:
Using the VisuMax laser to perform SMILE produces smooth cuts absent of surface irregularities.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(6):388–393.]
Dynamic Scheimpflug-based Assessment of Keratoconus and the Effects of Corneal Cross-linking
Authors: Bak-Nielsen Sashia , Pedersen Iben B. , Ivarsen Anders , Hjortdal Jesper 
Published: June 2014

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the ability of the Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) to distinguish between normal and keratoconic corneas and detect the possible stiffening effect of corneal cross-linking (CXL) in vivo.

METHOD:
A retrospective study including 86 eyes of 86 participants (27 patients with untreated keratoconus, 27 patients with CXL-treated keratoconus, and 32 normal patients). The prospective study included 9 keratoconic eyes measured 24 days before and 97 days after CXL.

RESULTS:

The following parameters from the Corvis ST showed a significant difference between keratoconic and normal eyes: intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, first applanation time, highest concavity (HC) radius, HC deformation amplitude, and HC deflection amplitude (analysis of variance,
P
< .0001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed the highest area under the curve for HC deflection amplitude (0.942,
P
< .0001). Prediction intervals for individual measurements within the two groups overlapped considerably. No significant difference was found between the untreated and CXL-treated keratoconus groups (analysis of variance,
P
> .05). Measurements performed before and after CXL in the same patients showed significant difference in HC deformation amplitude (
P
= .018), HC time (
P
= .018), and second applanation time (
P
= .027).

CONCLUSIONS:
Although the corneal deformation characteristics differed between groups of keratoconic and normal eyes, this study showed that the standard parameters of the Corvis ST cannot readily be used for diagnosis of keratoconus in the individual patient or to document the effect of CXL in vivo.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(6):408–414.]