bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Irrigants Affect the MTA Sealing in the Furcal Perforations? (An In-Vitro Study)
Authors: Tolibah Yasser Alsayed , Dayyoub Ghaffar , Al-Tayyan Mouhammad , Achour Hassan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to assess the impact of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) on ProRoot MTA used in treating furcal perforations compared to no application of any solution on the MTA, employing the dye penetration (DP) method.
Materials and Methods
The study included 29 intact mandibular molars in the furcal area (FA) with well-spaced roots. Using Dental Operating Microscopes, perforations were created at the FA of the molars with a 1.2 mm diameter. Subsequently, ProRoot MTA (Dentsply, Germany) was applied to seal the perforations. After 24 hours, the samples were randomly assigned to three groups: Group A (n = 12), irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl; Group B (n = 12), irrigated with 2% CHX; and Group C (n = 5), without irrigation (control group). Specimens' pulp chambers were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours. Buccal-lingual sections were performed, and the depth of marginal dye leakage was assessed using a stereomicroscope at 20x magnification. Data analysis employed the One-Way ANOVA test and Bonferroni post-hoc test (α = 0.05).
Results
The study revealed significant differences in DP values between groups (P-value < 0.01). DP values in the control group (no irrigation) were lower than both NaOCl (P < 0.05) and CHX (P < 0.01) groups. Furthermore, DP values in the CHX group were higher than those in the NaOCl group (P < 0.01), suggesting the order: No irrigation < NaOCl < CHX (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The sealing ability of MTA was compromised when irrigated with 2% CHX and 5.25% NaOCl. CHX significantly impacted the marginal leakage and sealing ability of MTA. Care should be taken when resuming endodontic treatment after the application of MTA in cases of furcal perforations as the use of CHX and NaOCl may affect the marginal leakage of MTA.
Environmentally friendly strategy for discovering the toxicity and mechanisms of nerve injury induced by acrylamide via network toxicology combined with molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Jin Xupeng , Huang Yuanzhi , Zhang Yan , Hu Wanting , Yu Jiahui , Wu Wei , Wang Shuzheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to explore an efficient and low-cost toxicological analysis method for environmental pollutants by taking the mechanism of acrylamide induced nerve injury as an example. Potential targets of acrylamide were retrieved by combining the ChEMBL, Super-PRED, SwissTargetPrediction, Similarity ensemble approach, and STITCH databases. The GeneCards and OMIM databases were searched to identify the potential gene pool related to neurotoxicity and to identify intersecting genes. These genes were subsequently entered into the STRING database to construct a protein interaction network. GO and KEGG analyses were conducted by using the DAVID platform, and the molecular docking of intersection targets was assessed by using AutoDock 1.5.7 software. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation was used to verify the stability of the optimal binding model for molecular docking. After screening, 142 intersection targets were obtained, with TP53, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, PTK2, and GRB2 being the key targets of acrylamide-induced nerve injury. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses results showed that the mechanism of action is related mainly to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and microRNAs involved in cancer pathogenesis. Molecular docking confirmed that acrylamide was strongly bound to key targets. The stability of the interaction between acrylamide and TP53 was verified by molecular dynamics simulation. The proposed strategy not only reduces the initial experimental cost of identifying new pollutants and increases the amount of information on the toxic effects of environmental pollutants but also improves the efficiency of regulatory authorities in identifying environmental pollutant hazards.
The superior thyroid artery origin pattern: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Triantafyllou George , Paschopoulos Ioannis , Duparc Fabrice , Tsakotos George , Tsiouris Christos , Olewnik Łukasz , Georgiev Georgi , Zielinska Nicol , Piagkou Maria 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The current systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to investigate the pooled prevalence of the superior thyroid artery (STA) pattern of origin (distinct or fused-common origin with adjacent arteries in the form of a common trunk). The standard and uncommon variants were also studied, considering the STA's exact surface of origin and the relationship with the upper border of the thyroid cartilage (TC, reference point), considering the laterality effect. Thus, the STA topographical anatomy was considered.
Methods
An evidence-based systematic review with meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A literature search was conducted in four online databases using specific keywords, the pooled prevalence was calculated using statistical analysis in the R programming language, and multiple subgroup analyses were performed.
Results
The most common distinct origin of the STA was from the external carotid artery (ECA) (56.94% pooled prevalence), and the rarest one was from the internal carotid artery (ICA) (< 0.01%). Common trunks were also investigated, with the thyrolingual trunk emanating from the ECA estimated at 0.61%, representing the most common. Subgroup analysis based on the nationality, type of study, and sample size, as well as a comparison between left and right sides and males and females, were investigated.
Conclusions
The most common STA origin was estimated as the ECA (56.94%), the medial surface of origin (47.96%), and above the TC upper border (66.14%). Adequate knowledge of STA origin is paramount for surgeons, especially during thyroidectomy, not to cause iatrogenic injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.
AI Predictive Modeling of Survival Outcomes for Renal Cancer Patients Undergoing Targeted Therapy
Authors: Yu Yaoqi , Niu Jirui , Yu Yin , Xia Silong , Sun Shiheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Renal clear cell cancer (RCC) is a complex and heterogeneous disease, posing significant challenges in predicting patient outcomes. The introduction of targeted drug therapy has improved treatment outcomes, but there is still a pressing need for personalized and effective treatment planning. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool in addressing this challenge, enabling the development of predictive models that can accurately forecast patient survival periods. By harnessing the power of AI, clinicians can be empowered with decision support, enabling patients to receive more tailored treatment plans that enhance both treatment efficacy and quality of life.
Methods: To achieve this goal, we conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) and categorized RCC patients receiving targeted therapy into two groups: Group 1 (anticipated lifespan exceeding 3 years) and Group 2 (anticipated lifespan of less than 3 years). We utilized the UPerNet algorithm to extract pertinent features from CT markers of tumors and validate their efficacy. The extracted features were then used to develop an AI-based predictive model that was trained on the dataset.
Results: The developed AI model demonstrated remarkable accuracy, achieving a rate of 93.66% in Group 1 and 94.14% in Group 2.
Conclusions: In conclusion, our study demonstrates the potential of AI technology in predicting the survival time of RCC patients undergoing targeted drug therapy. The established prediction model exhibits high predictive accuracy and stability, serving as a valuable tool for clinicians to facilitate the development of more personalized treatment plans for patients. This study highlights the importance of integrating AI technology in clinical decision-making, enabling patients to receive more effective and targeted treatment plans that enhance their overall quality of life.
Towards a Holistic Framework for Multimodal Large Language Models in Three-dimensional Brain CT Report Generation
Authors: Li Cheng-Yi , Chang Kao-Jung , Yang Cheng-Fu , Wu Hsin-Yu , Chen Wenting , Bansal Hritik , Chen Ling , Yang Yi-Ping , Chen Yu-Chun , Chen Shih-Pin , Lirng Jiing-Feng , Chang Kai-Wei , Chiou Shih-Hwa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have been given free rein to explore exciting medical applications with a primary focus on radiology report generation. Nevertheless, the preliminary MLLM successful attempts in 2D medical image-text pair captioning are incompetent to reflect the real-world diagnostic challenge in the volumetric 3D anatomy. Toward deploying MLLM for more applicable diagnostic context, we noticed that the (1) scarcity of 3D image training dataset, (2) the direct use of undifferentiated foundation MLLMs, and (3) the lack of pertinent caption evaluation metrics were independent domain-specific constraints that integratively hobbles the iteration of next-generation medical MLLM research. In this regard, this study collected a 3D-BrainCT dataset (18,885 text-scan pairs) and applied clinical visual instruction tuning (CVIT) to train volumetric anatomy-sensible BrainGPT models to generate radiology-adherent 3D brain CT reports. Statistically, our BrainGPT model scored BLEU-1 = 44.35, BLEU-4 = 20.38, METEOR = 30.13, ROUGE-L = 47.6, and CIDEr-R = 211.77 during internal testing and demonstrated an accuracy of 0.91 in captioning midline shifts on the external validation CQ500 dataset. By further inspecting the captioned report, we reported that the traditional metrics appeared to measure only the surface text similarity and failed to gauge the information density of the diagnostic purpose. To close this gap, we proposed a novel Feature-Oriented Radiology Task Evaluation (FORTE) to estimate the clinical relevance (lesion feature and landmarks) of the report. Notably, the BrainGPT model scored an average FORTE 0.71 F1-score (degree=0.661; landmark=0.706; feature=0.693, and impression=0.779). To demonstrate that BrainGPT models possess objective readiness to generate human-like radiology reports, we conducted a Turing test that enrolled 11 physician evaluators, and around 74% of the BrainGPT-generated captions were indistinguishable from those written by humans. While various computational intelligence researchers have advocated the avant-garde MLLM applications, our work embodies a holistic framework that showcased the first-hand experience of curating a 3D brain CT dataset, fine-tuning anatomy-sensible language models, and proposing robust radiology evaluation metrics. We deemed that the adventure of docking MLLM for 3D brain CT report generation may unfold new MLLM applications at the forefront of human-machine collaborated modern healthcare.
Penile Cancer: Innovations in Ultrastructural and Vibrational Markers
Authors: Diniz-Filho Joel Félix Silva , Silva Ana Caroline Muniz , Teixeira Antônio Augusto Lima , Sousa Bruna Larissa Nolêto , Santos-Oliveira Ralph , Silva Gyl Eanes Barros , Santos Clenilton Costa dos , Alencar Luciana Magalhães Rebelo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Penile cancer, although uncommon on a global scale, predominantly arises from squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Its occurrence is notably higher in low- and middle-income countries, highlighting the geographic and socioeconomic disparities in the prevalence of this disease. The diversity and significant public health impact of penile cancer underscores the need for new approaches. Nanotechnology, especially through Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), is promising for studying the nanoscale properties of penile tumor tissues and cells. AFM provides high-resolution topographic images, allowing you to examine the ultrastructural features of cancerous cells and tissues in detail. This helps better understand tumor biomechanics, cell adhesion, morphology, and tumor microenvironment. Raman Spectroscopy (RS) is a powerful technique that detects and analyzes cellular or tissue samples based on morphological characteristics. It scatters photons by molecules polarized by a laser beam, generating a spectral image that reflects the cell's or tissue's chemical composition. This technique can identify changes in the components of cells and tissues, indicative of the presence or progression of the disease. This study proposes to apply RS to investigate the vibrational properties of penile tumor cells and tissues compared with non-tumor counterparts. In this study, through the use of AFM and RS, samples of the subtypes of penile cancer, basaloid and sarcomatoid, as well as non-tumor samples, were analyzed to apply a physical approach to investigate the ultrastructural and vibrational morphology of penile cancer, taking as main tools AFM and RS, providing new information about its nanoscale ultrastructure and offering a new understanding of cancer behavior beyond its molecular composition.
Prevalence and risk factor associated with Gastroesophegeal reflux disease among patients attending Gastroenterology out patient department of Hyderabad Sindh
Authors: hashmi muhammad sameer , samo ayaz , laghari zulfiqar , malhi pershotam sagar , syed faiza , adil sabahat , hussain rafia , khan areej , nasir sughra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) happens when your stomach contents come back up into your esophagus.Despite its prevalence globally, there is limited data on the prevalence and clinical characteristics of GERD among patients in Hyderabad, Sindh. methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors of GERD by using self-administered including questionnaire frequency scale for the symptoms of Gastroesophegeal disorder(FSSG) for assessing GERD and other lifestyle and dietory factors. Results: Total 601 participants included in our study.The frequency of GERD were found among 294(48.9%) individuals.The frequency of GERD were higher among males 56.2% compare with females 43.7%. GERD found higher among sindhi speaking population 60.1%, among illiterates 64.4%.The various modifiable risk factors including daily physical exercise,high consumption of junk foods,high consumption of meat,low consumption of dairy products are associated with symptoms of GERD. Conclusion: The present study suggest that prevalence of GERD is higher in sindh,pakistan.unhealthy lifestyle are associated with GERD symptoms.
Perioperative Hematologic Assessment for Minimizing MRI Evaluations of Iliopsoas Hematomas Following Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Risk Factor Insights from a 134-Patient Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Chen Xingda , Chen Wanyan , Song Zefeng , Zhou Zelin , Zhuo Hang , Tan Riwei , JIANG RUEISHIUAN , Zhao Wenhua , Ren Hui , Shen Genyang , Liang De , Jiang Xiaobing , Tang Jingjing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Iliopsoas hematoma (IH) can lead to femoral nerve dysfunction and pain, typically resulting from muscle tension induced by surgery. While Oblique Lateral Lumbar Fusion (OLIF) is effective, it carries the risk of IH development. Screening for mild IH using MRI may be costly with little health benefit, but it is a reliable method for assessing Iliopsoas Hematoma-Grade (IH-G). This study seeks to establish a connection between coagulation and inflammation with the severity of IH-G following OLIF, in order to improve monitoring and management of IH.
Methods: A retrospective review of 134 patients treated with OLIF from August 2019 to May 2022 was conducted. Patients were categorized into the Common Hematoma Group (CHG) with ≤50% IH-G and the Severe Hematoma Group (SHG) with >50% IH-G. The study examined the relationship between coagulation profiles, inflammation markers, and postoperative IH-G for each group.
Results: Following OLIF, patients uniformly developed IH, contributing to a postoperative state characterized by anemia, hypocoagulability, and elevated inflammatory response (P<0.001). The SHG manifested significantly lower Hemoglobin (HGB) levels (P<0.05) and shorter prothrombin time (PT) (P<0.05) compared to the CHG. Additionally, the incidence of postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) levels exceeding 8 mg/L was noticeably higher in SHG than in CHG (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified Post-PT (OR=0.774, 95%CI: 0.592 to 0.9917, P<0.05) and Post-HGB (OR=0.972, 95%CI: 0.945 to 0.9966, P<0.05) as independent predictors for severe IH following OLIF.
Conclusion: Post-PT and Post-HGB levels are instrumental in the early identification of serious IH risk following OLIF, facilitating prompt decision-making and intervention, thus contributing to improved prognostic outcomes. Moreover, for those at lower risk of IH, these measures can significantly reduce unnecessary MRI imaging and associated healthcare costs.
The effect of Adipose-derived stem cells exosomes cross-linked Chitosan-αβ-glycerophosphate thermosensitive hydrogel on deep burn wounds
Authors: Xu Lei , Liu Dan , Yun Hai Long , Zhang Wei , Ren Li , Li Wen Wen , Han Chuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to explore the effects on controlling infection and promoting wound healing in deep burn injuries by crosslinking ASCs-Exos with CS-αβ-GP thermosensitive hydrogel.
Methods
Rats with established deep burn injury models were divided into four groups: CS + ASCs-Exos group, ASCs-Exos group, CS group, and control group. The wound healing rates were analyzed and calculated using Image J software immediately after wound formation and on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 after treatment. Fourteen days after treatment, skin tissues from the wound area, wound margin, and normal full-thickness skin were excised from each group for HE staining and Masson staining. Subsequently, IHC staining was performed on the newly formed wound tissues to detect the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, IL-10, TGF-β, and EGF. Finally, RNA was extracted from the wound tissues, and qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of IL-1α, CD86, CCL22, and CD163.
Results
The wound healing rate in the CS + ASCs-Exos group was higher than that in the other groups. HE staining revealed that the CS + ASCs-Exos group had fewer inflammatory cells, a small number of blood vessels, and muscle fibers and collagen fibers distributed alternately in the wound edge at 14 days, which was consistent with normal tissue. Masson staining showed that the wound and wound edge in the CS + ASCs-Exos group at 14 days displayed alternating distributions of collagen fibers and muscle fibers, which was consistent with normal tissue. However, the staining of collagen fibers in the other groups was stronger than that in the experimental group. IHC staining showed that the expressions of IL-10, TGF-β, and EGF in the CS + ASCs-Exos group were slightly higher than those in the other groups, while the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-10 were lower than those in the other groups. qPCR detection revealed that the expressions of IL-1α and CD86 in the CS + ASCs-Exos group were lower than those in the control group, while the expressions of CCL22 and CD163 were higher than those in the control group.
Conclusion
Our research has demonstrated that ASCs-Exos crosslinked with CS-αβ-GP thermosensitive hydrogel exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, promotes wound healing, and enhances the transformation of M1 macrophages into M2 macrophages, with stronger effects compared to ASCs-Exos alone. This provides a new administration method for the clinical application of MSCs-Exos.
Cloning and functional analysis of the promoter of SinSyn gene in Sinomenium acutum
Authors: An Meilin , Li Bing , Chen Jiabei , Zeng Xiyao , Chen Xinbo , Yang Hua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Sinoacutine synthetase (SinSyn) is one of the key enzymes in the biosynthesis pathway of sinomenine (SIN), an effective pharmacological component in Sinomenium acutum. However, the transcriptional regulation mechanism of this gene in the SIN synthesis pathway has not been studied. In this study, a 1520 bp upstream promoter sequence and three 5' terminal truncations were used to drive the GUS reporter gene to test their activities in transiently expressed tobacco and stable transgenic Arabidopsis. Both the full-length promoter and the truncated promoters can initiate GUS expression. As the 5' end is removed, their activity is different. The results of GUS histochemical staining showed that − 956 bp ~ -622 bp was an important position of SinSyn gene promoter. In addition, bioinformatics analysis revealed that various regions of the SinSyn promoter were distributed with some abiotic stress and plant hormone activation. Through transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana verification, it was confirmed that the SinSyn gene promoter could respond to methyl jasmonate (MeJA), auxin (NAA, IBA), drought, and NaCl. The MeJA response elements were located at -1520 bp ~ -956 bp, the auxin response elements were located at -622 bp ~ -395 bp, the drought response elements were located at -395 bp ~ -1 bp and the NaCl response elements were located at -956 bp ~ -1 bp. In general, our study provides a theoretical reference for the application of pSinSyn in biological stress resistance, the functional verification of the SinSyn gene, and the regulation of SIN synthesis in Sinomenium acutum.
Rice stripe virus movement protein may damage chloroplasts functions through an interaction with CPN-60 to induce symptom development in rice
Authors: Lan Hanhong , Lu Luanmei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Rice stripe virus (RSV) causes severe disease symptoms in leaves of Oryza sativa (rice). Movement protein (MP) of RSV has been implicated in complementation of a movement-deficient PVX and symptom development in model organism Nicotiana benthamianais. However, in rice plants, whether and how RSV MP functions as a symptom determinant remains poorly understood. Symptom development of a plant viral disease is a result of molecular interactions between the virus and its host plant; thus, the elucidation of specific interactions is a prerequisite to reveal the mechanism of viral pathogenesis. Here, we provide evidences showing that RSV targeted to the chloroplast and further disturbed the structure and the photosynthesis function of chloroplast in rice plants through immunoelectron microscopy. We also provide evidences to speculate that this deficiency of chloroplast function might be caused by interaction of RSV MP with chaperonin-60-β (CPN-60-β), a Rubisco binding protein in chloroplast as shown by yeast two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation assays, and this interaction further modulated the accumulation of CPN-60-β. Our findings shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying RSV disease symptom development in natural host, the rice.