bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Versorgungskonzepte für Kinder und Jugendliche mit extremer und/oder
genetischer Adipositas
Authors: Zorn Stefanie , Schirmer Melanie , von Schnurbein Julia , Brandt Stephanie , Göpel Eric , Stein Robert , Wiegand Susanna , Körner Antje , Kühnen Peter , Wabitsch Martin 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungKinder und Jugendliche mit extremer und/oder genetischer Adipositas benötigen
aufgrund des chronisch-rezidivierenden und progressiven Charakters der
Adipositas eine langfristige und kontinuierliche Betreuung und Behandlung. Ziel
dieser Arbeit ist es, ein strukturiertes Versorgungs- und Behandlungskonzept für
Kinder und Jugendliche mit extremer und/oder genetischer Adipositas
vorzustellen, welches den speziellen Anforderungen und Bedürfnissen dieser
Patientengruppe entspricht. Kinder und Jugendliche mit extremer und/oder
genetischer Adipositas sollten strukturiert und kontinuierlich nach dem „Chronic
Care Model“ in spezialisierten Behandlungszentren in enger Zusammenarbeit mit
niedergelassenen Arztpraxen versorgt und behandelt werden. Das Wissen über die
zugrundeliegenden molekularbiologischen Mechanismen der Regulation von Hunger
und Sättigung, des Körpergewichts und letztlich der Entstehung der Adipositas
ermöglichen einen personalisierten Behandlungsansatz. Individualisierte,
multimodale Behandlungsansätze sind die Grundlage für eine langfristige und
effektive Behandlung der Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit extremer
und/oder genetischer Adipositas. Neue pharmakologische Therapiemöglichkeiten,
wie Inkretin-basierte Medikamente für Jugendliche mit extremer Adipositas oder
speziell entwickelte Mechanismus-basierte Medikamente für Personen mit
genetischer Adipositas, stellen einen bedeutenden Fortschritt im chronischen
Gewichtsmanagement und eine effektive Ergänzung zu individuellen, multimodalen
Lebensstilinterventionen dar.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Coumarin Derivatives Bearing a Sulfonamide Moiety as Antiviral and Antibacterial Agent
Authors: Bai Song , Li Miao , Liu Lin , Wu Rong , Tang Shouyin , Wan Suran , Wang Fang , Wei Xian , Chen Lijun , Xu Shunyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwenty novel 4-bromocoumarin derivatives bearing a sulfonamide moiety were designed and synthesized. Their antiviral and antibacterial activities were systematically evaluated. The test results show that all the target compounds possess moderate to excellent antiviral and antibacterial activities. Among all target compounds, one compound exhibited good antiviral activity against TMV, CMV, and PVY, which is superior to ribavirin. Moreover, two target compounds exhibited good in vitro antibacterial activity against Psa, with an EC50 value of 44.9 mg/L and 49.3 mg/L, respectively, which were better than thiodiazole copper and zinc thiazole, with an EC50 value of 56.3 mg/L and 50.2 mg/L, respectively. The results provide insights for the development of multifunctional pesticides.
Research on the mechanism of acoustic radiation characteristics of granular assemblies
Authors: Zhang Shengwu , Chen Zhimin , Zhang Yuanchao , Xu Wei , Wang Chiming 
Published: July 2024

To study the acoustic radiation characteristics of forced vibration of granular assemblies, the acoustic radiation model of a single particle and the acoustic radiation model of granular assemblies are established. Combined with experimental verification, the variation law of radiated sound power in the process of forced vibration of granular assemblies is studied. The effects of vibration characteristics, material characteristics, mass characteristics, and distance characteristics on the acoustic radiation of forced vibration of granular assemblies are explored. The radiation range of radiated ultrasound in the process of forced vibration of granular assemblies is analyzed. The research results show that under the condition of forced vibration, the radiated sound power of the granular assemblies is obvious. The internal vibration of the granular assemblies will cause the granular particles to radiate the sound power of multiple frequencies outward. The granular particles will produce obvious ultrasonic sound power in the violent vibration state. The frequency of the sound wave will generally have a significant attenuation effect at 10 cm. Considering the relevant experimental research and engineering application of granular materials, the ultrasonic radiation characteristics should be analyzed to avoid the influence of ultrasonic radiation caused by its severe vibration.
Designing ITER motional Stark effect line shift (MSE-LS) spectrometers
Authors: Uzun-Kaymak I. U. , Galante M. E. , Foley E. L. , Levinton F. M. 
Published: July 2024

As a part of ITER beam aided diagnostics, the design of Motional Stark Effect (MSE) diagnostic observing the emission from the Balmer-α line is underway. The physics of Stark splitting shows that the Stark manifold is polarization dependent, and the energy splitting results in a line shift proportional to the electric field. Due to the challenges of maintaining the calibration of the plasma facing mirrors in ITER, the conventional MSE polarimetry measurement technique is replaced with a spectral approach that is deemed more favorable in the ITER environment. The MSE line shift (LS) diagnostic is designed to quantify the Lorentz electric field magnitude by measuring the Stark manifold using visible spectroscopy. In the presence of large magnetic fields and high energy heating beams of 1 MeV, the expected Stark splitting is much larger than in typical devices. The MSE-LS design has unique challenges requiring careful consideration and modeling of its viewing geometry and photon budget. The MSE-LS approach on ITER is promising but has stringent demands on the allowable errors for the statistical and systematic fitting uncertainties. In this study, a full system model and numerical simulations of data for each sightline are completed. For a range of optical transmission fractions, photon noise analysis is conducted to determine the statistical uncertainties. This provides guidance on the spectrometer throughput, dispersion at the detector, optics, and other design choices. A conceptual design of a high throughput spectrometer with a volume phase transmission grating is presented.
Dual-band low-power RF-to-DC signal converter circuits for energy harvesting
Authors: Mehta Pavan , Nella Anveshkumar 
Published: July 2024

This article presents dual-band low-power, high-sensitive radio-frequency (RF)-to-direct current (DC) signal converter circuits, operating at 2.45 and 5.5 GHz bands, for radio frequency energy harvesting applications. In particular, it focuses on the lumped element and microstrip transmission line model circuits. The lumped element RF-to-DC converter circuit is composed of a dual-band impedance matching circuit, voltage-doubler rectifier, and DC-pass filter with a resistive load of 5 kΩ. This converter circuit gives a DC output voltage of 48 mV at 2.45 GHz and 25 mV at 5.5 GHz on −25 dBm input power. Maximum conversion efficiency is 47% at the 2.45 GHz band and 27% at the 5.5 GHz band when the input power is set to −10 dBm. Circuit design steps, matching conditions, performance parameters, and so on, are presented using Advanced Design System simulation. To validate the concept of the lumped element model, a microstrip transmission line RF-to-DC converter model is simulated and fabricated. It also composes of a dual-band matching network, voltage-doubler, and DC-pass filter with a load resistance of 5 kΩ. At a low input power of −18 dBm, it gives an output voltage of 21 mV in measurement. An appropriate match between the simulation and measurement is noted.
The simplest method for the accurate determination of noon
Authors: Perea Álvarez de Eulate Martín Antonio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present the simplest possible method for the precise determination of solar noon in mean solar time, based only on the value of the equation of time corresponding to a predetermined time for the observer, constant throughout the year. This represents a revolutionary simplification of the appendix of the universally known SPA (Solar Position Algorithm, NREL) regarding solar noon. Given that the proposed simple method does not entail a significant loss of precision, it is especially useful for university students or postgraduate students in photovoltaic/solar thermal energy or developers who wish to quickly calculate solar noon or create their own software for analysis or research. In addition, an interpolative procedure is presented to further enhance the precision of the method, although such improvement will not be necessary in the majority of cases.
First-principles study of phase-dependent carrier transport mechanism for MASnI3 Sn-based halide perovskite
Authors: Li Mingming , Fei Jiajia , Zhang Xiaojiao , Li Jialin , Tong Chuanjia , Long Mengqiu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have attracted tremendous attentions owing to their excellent properties as next-generation photovoltaic devices. With soft covalent framework, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites exhibit different phases at different temperatures. The band-edge features of perovskites are mainly contributed by inorganic framework, which means the structural differences between these phases would lead to complex carrier transport. We investigated the carrier transport of Sn-based organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite CH3NH3SnI3 (MASnI3), considering acoustic deformation potential scattering, ionized impurity scattering, and polar optical phonon scattering. It is found that the electron mobility of each phase of MASnI3 is strongly correlated with the Sn–I–Sn bond angle and there is in-plane/out-of-plane anisotropy. The projected crystal orbital Hamilton population analysis suggested that the tilt and rotation of the [SnI6]4− octahedron influence the Sn(p)–I(p) orbital electron coupling and the electron transport, leading to different band-edge features in multiple phases. The carrier mobility with respect to temperature was further calculated for each phase of MASnI3 in respective temperature intervals, showing lower carrier mobility in high temperature. Comparing the contribution of different scattering mechanisms, it was found that the dominant scattering mechanism is polar optical phonon scattering, while multiple scattering mechanisms compete in individual cases.
A novel domain adaptive method for gearbox fault diagnosis using maximum multiple-classifier discrepancy network
Authors: Bao Huaiqian , Zhao Yonglong , Xu Yufeng , Wang Jinrui , Zhang Zongzhen , Han Baokun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Domain adaptive gearbox fault diagnosis methods have made impressive achievements for the past several years. However, most of the traditional domain adaptive methods have significant limitations under fluctuating operating conditions. The acquired acceleration signals will result in different signal vibration spectra and peak vibration amplitudes due to the different working conditions between the source and target domains. There is an obvious discrepancy between the distribution of fault samples in the source domain and the target domain, which in turn makes it difficult to classify the target domain samples with fuzzy fault category boundaries. Therefore, how to measure the discrepancy between two distributions has been an important research direction in machine learning. A good metric helps to discover better features and build better models. In this paper, a novel domain adaptive method for gearbox fault diagnosis using maximum multiple-classifier discrepancy network (MMCDN) is proposed. The sparse stack autoencoder is used by the MMCDN as a feature extractor for fault feature extraction, and a kind of composite distance is adopted for domain discrepancy measurement of source and target domain features for domain alignment. Then the extracted features are input into a three-classifier of the model for adversarial training. The trained model classifiers have high performance in fault classification. The combination of domain adaptation and multi-classifier discrepancy output can effectively solve the impact of working condition changes and the misclassification problem for fuzzy samples with class boundaries. Experimental validation with two planetary gearbox datasets shows that the MMCDN has more favorable diagnostic accuracy and performance than other methods.
Unsupervised denoising of the non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram with sparse domain Kalman filtering and vectorcardiographic loop alignment
Authors: de Vries I R , van Laar J O E H , van der Hout-van der Jagt M B , Vullings R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective. Even though the electrocardiogram (ECG) has potential to be used as a monitoring or diagnostic tool for fetuses, the use of non-invasive fetal ECG is complicated by relatively high amounts of noise and fetal movement during the measurement. Moreover, machine learning-based solutions to this problem struggle with the lack of clean reference data, which is difficult to obtain. To solve these problems, this work aims to incorporate fetal rotation correction with ECG denoising into a single unsupervised end-to-end trainable method. Approach. This method uses the vectorcardiogram (VCG), a three-dimensional representation of the ECG, as an input and extends the previously introduced Kalman-LISTA method with a Kalman filter for the estimation of fetal rotation, applying denoising to the rotation-corrected VCG. Main results. The resulting method was shown to outperform denoising auto-encoders by more than 3 dB while achieving a rotation tracking error of less than 33∘. Furthermore, the method was shown to be robust to a difference in signal to noise ratio between electrocardiographic leads and different rotational velocities. Significance. This work presents a novel method for the denoising of non-invasive abdominal fetal ECG, which may be trained unsupervised and simultaneously incorporates fetal rotation correction. This method might prove clinically valuable due the denoised fetal ECG, but also due to the method’s objective measure for fetal rotation, which in turn might have potential for early detection of fetal complications.
Interconversion between block coherence and multipartite entanglement in many-body systems
Authors: Wang Yu-Hui , Ren Li-Hang , Hu Ming-Liang , Bai Yan-Kui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Coherence is intrinsically related to projective measurement. When the fixed projective measurement involves higher-rank projectors, the coherence resource is referred to as block coherence, which comes from the superposition of orthogonal subspaces. Here, we establish a set of quantitative relations for the interconversion between block coherence and multipartite entanglement under the framework of the block-incoherent operations. It is found that the converted multipartite entanglement is upper bounded by the initial block coherence of single-party system. Moreover, the generated multipartite entanglement can be transferred to its subsystems and restored to block coherence of the initial single-party system by means of local block-incoherent operations and classical communication. In addition, when only the coarse-grained quantum operations are accessible for the ancillary subsystems, we further demonstrate that a lossless resource interconversion is still realizable, and give a concrete example in three four-level systems. Our results provide a versatile approach to utilize different quantum resources in a cyclic fashion.
A wideband polarization diversified MIMO antenna with improved isolation using machine learning optimized metasurface absorber
Authors: Dwivedi Ajay Kumar , Manjunath M N , Shukla Ankita , Singh Suyash Kumar , Sharma Anand , Singh Vivek 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This communication presents a model and optimization of a dual-sense circularly polarized (RHCP/LHCP) 2-port MIMO antenna with increased isolation. The antenna operates in a broad frequency range of 1.76–4.0 GHz and is loaded with a metasurface. It has dimensions of 98.5 × 39 mm2 and an edge-to-edge distance of 55.5 mm. The MIMO antenna is created by replicating a single unit and placing it in a mirrored configuration around the y-axis. The dimensions of the unit antenna are 40 × 39 × 0.8 mm3 and it is printed on a substrate made of FR4 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. The substrate has a relative permittivity (ε
r) of 4.4 and a loss tangent (tanδ) of 0.02. The isolation between the ports may be enhanced by including a metasurface absorber, increasing from 12 dB to 23 dB. To verify the wideband and CP properties, we examine the MIMO antenna unit element for its reflection coefficient, peak gain (4.2 dB), radiation efficiency (about 90%), axial ratio, and surface current distribution. Machine learning is used to improve the design of metasurface unit cells to achieve optimum absorption. The Envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), Diversity gain (DG), and Channel capacity loss (CCL) of the proposed metasurface absorber-enabled antenna are simulated and calculated to prove its MIMO identity. The HFSS simulations are consistent with the experimental results obtained from the developed model.
Multi-condition adaptive detail characterization model of magnetorheological dampers and experimental verification
Authors: Lei Bingyue , Li Jiahao , Fu Benyuan , Zhao Feng , Liao Changrong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The theoretical model for predicting the damping characteristics of magnetorheological dampers (MRDs) is significant for enhancing the design efficiency of the control algorithm. However, some existing theoretical models face limitations in characterizing MRD damping characteristics simultaneously in terms of nonlinear detail characterization and adaptability to variable working conditions. Therefore, this paper proposed the Composite Double-Boltzmann (CDB) model combining the Double-Boltzmann (DB) function widely used in the field of biology and chemistry for its strong nonlinear characterization capability. Utilizing this model to fit the sinusoidal vibration testing data of the MRD prototype under variable combination working conditions, obtaining quantitative relationships between the undetermined parameters in the CDB model and the excitation current, vibration frequency, and amplitude to enable the model to address both the nonlinear details characterization of MRDs and adaptability to variable working conditions. Subsequently, the validity of the quantitative relationships were verified by comparing the calculated parameter values using the quantitative relationships with the original accurate parameter values. In order to verify the validity of the CDB model, extensive unknown working condition vibration tests were conducted on the MRD prototype under variable excitation currents, vibration frequencies, amplitudes and random excitation working conditions, employing the CDB and Tanh models to predict the damping characteristics, to compare to demonstrate the CDB model’s capability of adapting to variable working conditions while accurately characterizing the nonlinear details of MRD damping characteristics.
Investigation of scintillation properties of a CsI(Tl) crystal at low temperature for dark matter search
Authors: Park S.D. , Lee J. , Lee H.S. , Kim H.J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Korea invisible mass search (KIMS) experiment used
CsI(Tl) crystals coupled with photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) to detect
signals from weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) at room
temperature. It is expected that combining CsI(Tl) crystals with
silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) will enhance the detection
performance. However, SiPMs must operate at low temperatures to
reduce the dark count rate. In this study, we examined the
temperature dependence of CsI(Tl) crystal properties, including
light yield, α/β ratio, decay time, and pulse shape
discrimination, before integrating it with a SiPM. The CsI(Tl)
crystal was placed in a low-temperature chamber with a radiation
source, and scintillation photons were detected by a PMT positioned
outside the chamber. The response of CsI(Tl) to α-particles
and γ-rays was examined across temperatures ranging from
10 K to 300 K.
Residential energy demand, emissions, and expenditures at regional and income-decile level for alternative futures
Authors: Sampedro Jon , Waldhoff Stephanie T , Edmonds James A , Iyer Gokul , Msangi Siwa , Narayan Kanishka B , Patel Pralit , Wise Marshall 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Income and its distribution profile are important determinants of residential energy demand and carry direct implications for human well-being and climate. We explore the sensitivity of residential energy systems to income growth and distribution across shared socioeconomic pathway-representative concentration pathways scenarios using a global, integrated, multisector dynamics model, Global Change Analysis Model, which tracks national/regional household energy services and fuel choice by income decile. Nation/region energy use patterns across deciles tend to converge over time with aggregate income growth, as higher-income consumers approach satiation levels in floorspace and energy services. However, in some regions, existing within-region inequalities in energy consumption persist over time due to slow income growth in lower income groups. Due to continued differences in fuel types, lower income groups will have higher exposure to household air pollution, despite lower contributions to greenhouse gas emissions. We also find that the share of income dedicated to energy is higher for lower deciles, with strong regional differences.
Response theory identifies reaction coordinates and explains critical phenomena in noisy interacting systems
Authors: Zagli N , Lucarini V , Pavliotis G A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We consider a class of nonequilibrium systems of interacting agents with pairwise interactions and quenched disorder in the dynamics featuring, in the thermodynamic limit, phase transitions. We identify mathematical conditions on the microscopic interaction structure, namely the separability of the interaction kernel, that lead to a dimension reduction of the system in terms of a finite number of reaction coordinates (RCs). Such RCs prove to be proper nonequilibrium thermodynamic variables as they carry information on correlation, memory and resilience properties of the system. Phase transitions can be identified and quantitatively characterised as singularities of the complex valued susceptibility functions associated to the RCs. We provide analytical and numerical evidence of how the singularities affect the physical properties of finite size systems.