bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remission of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 after Mini Gastric Bypass In BMI Less Than 40 (Meta-Analysis)
Authors: Wasfy Shaaban Mohamed Ibrahim , Abdelhameed Walid Ibrahim , Abdelaziz El Shayeb Bassem Helmy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Obesity is a potent risk factor for the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, and weight loss is a key component of diabetes management. Bariatric surgery results in significant weight loss and remission of diabetes in most patients. After surgery, glycemic control is restored by a combination of enforced caloric restriction, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and increased insulin secretion.

Aim and Objectives
to review the currently available evidence for the effect of laparoscopic mini gastric bypass in obese patients on remission of diabetes type 2.

Subjects and Methods
This was a systematic review, including all available studies meeting the eligible criteria: well conducted descriptive studies, case reports and series, cohort, articles, accepted manuscripts, clinical trials, analytic studies and literature of reviews. Excluding other systematic reviews, technical notes, letters, and comment. Intervention done in all the studies concerning this subject including laparoscopic mini gastric bypass.

Result
Mean number of Improved, % (no.) [HbA1c &lt;7%] were 64%, mean Partial remission, % (no.) [HbA1c &lt;6.5%] was 77% and mean Complete remission, % (no.) [HbA1c &lt;6.0%, glucose &lt;110 mg/dl] was 50.5%.

Conclusion
GB surgery is an effective treatment strategy for diabetes remission and control of metabolic syndrome. Duodenum exclusion plays a role in the mechanism of diabetes mellitus remission.
A Comparative Study between Intra-Operative Difficulties and Early Postoperative Complications in Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Using Conventional Polypropylene Mesh and 3D Mesh – A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mohammed Nada Mohamed Ali , Abbas Abdelshafi Ahmed Adel , Kamel Karim Ahmed , Abdelaziz Hassan Basma Hussein 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The fundamental mechanism of abdominal wall hernia formation is the loss of structural integrity at the musculotendinous layer. The exact cause of inguinal hernia is still unknown but the factors contributing in its occurrence include; preformed congenital sac, chronic passive rise in the intra-abdominal pressure and weak abdominal wall.

Objective
To assess laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair using two different meshes: The conventional polyproline mesh and the three-dimensional (3D) mesh, as regard the operative application time, early post-operative complications including seroma, early pain, sensory impairment, surgical site infection (SSI) and hospital stay time using meta-analysis approach.

Patients and Methods
In our study ten trials included, three trials regarding 3d mesh versus conventional mesh in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair including 9,118 participants were selected from electronic databases. Three trials regarding 3d mesh and four trials regarding polyprolene mesh.

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2021.

Results
There is significant heterogeneity among trials (P = 0.002, I2 = 84%), mean difference 1.17, 95% CI -2.18, 4.52 and there is no statistically significance z = 0.49.

Conclusion
There is no difference between conventional polyprolene and 3d mesh regarding intra- operative difficulties (operative time) and post-operative complications (chronic pain, recurrence, operative time and seroma).
Effect of Lactoferrin versus Dexamethasone on Induced Acute Lung Injury in Adult Rat: A Histological Study
Authors: Marzouk Breehan Alaa , Sadek Doaa Ramadan , Eldin Amin Hanan Alaa , Kamal Ahmed Sohier 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the most critical illnesses affecting the lung and is commonly associated with severe complications. management of ALI without major side effects remains a continuous challenge. Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding glycoprotein having potential anti-inflammatory effects.

Aim
the study was conducted to compare the therapeutic role of lactoferrin (LF) versus dexamethasone (DEXA) on the microscopic structure of the lung in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LP) induced acute lung injury.

Material and Methods
thirty-five adult male albino rats weighing (180-200gm) were divided randomly into 4 groups. Group I (control group), Group II (LP group): rats received a single IP injection of Lipopolysaccharide (3mg/kg). Group III (LP+LF group): rats received LP as in group II followed one hour later by IP injection of lactoferrin (5mg/rat). Group IV (LP+DEXA group): rats received LP as in group II followed one hour later by IP injection of dexamethasone (5mg/kg). after 24 hours, lung specimens were proceeded for light microscopic examination, as well as Morphometrical and statistical analyses.

Results
H&E-stained section of Group II showed marked inflammatory changes, interalveolar septa were significantly thickened and were heavily infiltrated with inflammatory cells and extravasated red blood cells were occasionally detected. Many alveoli appeared collapsed. The lining epithelium of bronchi appeared occasionally desquamated and peri-bronchial lymphoid aggregation were observed. An apparent increase in mucus production and significant increase in number of goblet cells were detected by PAS-stain. Orcein-stained section showed disruption of elastic fibers. immunohistochemical stain revealed a significantly increased reaction to iNOS antibodies. On the other hand, the lung structure in group III and group IV were much more improved, with group IV very similar to the control group.

Conclusion
Both lactoferrin and dexamethasone showed therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects in LP induced ALI. These effects were more prominent in dexamethasone than lactoferrin as detected by microscopic, morphometric, and statistical studies.
Detecting Potassium Rebound in a Prevalent Hemodialysis Population
Authors: Afify Essam NourEldin , Tawfik Ahmed Mohamed , Ahmed Mohammed Hager EzzEldin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
One of the fundamental goals of hemo dialysis (HD) prescription is to maintain serum potassium (K) levels within a narrow normal range during both the intradialytic and interdialytic intervals. Considering the extraordinarily high rate of cardiovascular mortality in HD population, clinicians are obligated to explore whether factors related to dialytic K removal can be modified to improve clinical outcomes.

Aim of the Work
The aim of the study was to detect potassium rebound after HD sessions in patients on maintenance HD

Patients and Methods
This was a prospective cohort study that was held in Hemodialysis units in Nephrology department - Ain Shams University Hospital and Sheikh Zayed Specialized Hospital for 3 months. The study included 60 male and female ESRD patients on maintenance HD, in which prevalent HD patients on maintenance HD 3 times/week.

Results
We found that that there were significant positive correlations between K levels before the sessions, immediately after the sessions and after 6 hours of the sessions. While there was significant negative correlations between K levels immediately after HD sessions and Hb levels and urea levels. There was also a highly significant negative correlation between K levels before the sessions and time of session (in hours). While there were highly significant negative correlations between K levels immediately after the sessions, after 6 hours of sessions and time of session (in hours). There was non-significant negative correlations between all K levels (before HD sessions, immediately after the sessions and 6 hours after the sessions) and frequency of sessions (per week), with p value 0.388, 0.299 and 0.086 respectively. Also, it showed non-significant negative correlations between all K levels (before HD sessions, immediately after the sessions and 6 hours after the sessions) and frequency of sessions (per month), with p value 0.086, 0.089 and 0.083 respectively. Our results showed a significant positive relation between the number of K raising antihypertensive drugs used by the patients and K levels before HD sessions.

Conclusion
Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance dialysis have a high risk of developing hyperkalemia, generally defined as serum potassium (K+) concentrations of &gt; 5.0 mmol/l, particularly those undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Currently, the key approaches to the management of hyperkalemia in patients with ESRD are dialysis, dietary K+ restriction, and avoidance of medications that increase hyperkalemia risk. Management of these modifiable factors plays a crucial role in preventing hyperkalemia in patients undergoing dialysis. The availability of new oral K+-binders may potentially reduce the need for a highly restricted diet in patients with ESRD, and reduce the risk of potentially life-threatening hyperkalemia and the cardiovascular complications associated with rapid shifts in serum K+ concentrations that can occur with HD.
Assessment of Interleukin 10 (IL-10) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Patients
Authors: Ghareeb Mohammed Mai Abdel-Aaty , Sayed Moataz Mohammed , Agwa Sara Hassan , Khayyall Ahmed El Saady , Ahmed Elessawy Hagar Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by the presence of abdominal pain, bloating and altered bowel habits. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IBS are unclear. The abnormalities of motility, visceral hypersensitivity, gut microbial alteration and psychological stress contribute to the clinical symptoms of IBS. The associations of IBS and its risk gene polymorphisms have been ascertained by many researchers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) represent the most widespread type of sequence variations in genomes. It is known to be valuable genetic markers, because it may reveal the evolutionary history and common genetic polymorphisms that explain the hereditary risks for common diseases. Cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of IBS. To date, only a few studies concerned the association of interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene polymorphism (rs1800871) -819 position to IBS.

Objective
We assessed interleukin 10 (IL-10) single nucleotide polymorphism rs1800871 (-819 C/T) in IBS patients.

Method
This was comparative case - control study for 40 participants, 20 cases and 20 controls, IL-10 rs1800871 (−819 T/C) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was done via real time polymerase chain reaction for both study groups to assess its relation with IBS.

Results
The studied participants were divided into two groups according to ROME IV _criteria. For the case group (n = 20), the mean age was 41.05 ± 17.45 years, with 50% being male and 50% being female. In the control group (n = 20), mean age was 39.80 ± 14.84 years, with 25% being male and 75% being female Compared to the controls subjects, the frequencies of the IL-10 -819 T/T genotype and T allele were observed to be overrepresented in patients with IBS (60%; odds ratio [OR] = 1.143; 95% confidence interval [CI]: (0.152 – 8.593) for the TT genotype; P = 0.897) and (72.5%; OR: 1.582; 95% CI: (0.615 – 4.066)for the T allele; P = 0.341, respectively). The results demonstrated that T/T genotype was the most common genotype in the case group (60%). T allele was the most prevalent in case group (72.5%), while the C allele was the least prevalent (27.5%). However, T/T polymorphism in cases was greater than in control with non- statistical significance (p = 0.157).

Conclusion
IL-10 polymorphism (rs-1800871) has no association with IBS, However, T/T genotype was shown frequently in cases, with strong association with IBS.
Abbreviations: IBS (irritable bowel syndrome), IL-10 (Interleukin-10 cytokine), SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)
Study of the Relationship between Platelet Distribution Width, Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Abdel Salam Mona Mohammed , Alsherbeiny Aliaa Ahmed , Nesim Mina Micheal , Ali Ahmed Manar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Insulin resistance is identified as an impaired biological response to insulin stimulation of target tissues, primarily the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. The metabolic consequences of insulin resistance can result in hyperglycaemia, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, visceral adiposity, hyperuricemia, elevated inflammatory markers, endothelial dysfunction, and a prothrombotic state. Progression of insulin resistance can lead to metabolic syndrome, non- alcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim of the Work
We aimed by our study to assess the relationship of platelet distribution width and red blood cell distribution width with insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to check if platelet distribution width or red blood cell distribution width could be easy predictors of insulin resistance.

Patients and Methods
The present study is a Case Control Study was conducted in Ain Shams University Hospital. This study includes 80 subjects with matched age and sex.

Results
The present study results confirmed that low RDW was associated with increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Their study found that RDW is negatively correlated with waist and FG, insulin and TG concentrations. We also found that the group with the lowest quartile of RDW had the highest glucose, insulin and HOMA levels. Moreover, our results were found that there is a significant negative correlation of RDW with poor glycemic control. Our results also found that decreased levels of red blood cell distribution widths (RDW) were all associated with increased fasting insulin. Our study was documented a negative correlation between HbA1c and the platelet index PDW.

Conclusion
In our study, we found a relation between insulin resistance and red blood cell distribution width. RDW (fl) could be used to discriminate between patients with type II diabetes and controls.
The Association of Serum Ferritin with Disease Severity in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Ali–Eldin Zainab Ahmed , Matta George Safwat , Gad Allah Shimaa Hussein , Awad Youssef Rafik Youssef 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE is emerging as the most common chronic liver condition in the Western world. It is associated with insulin resistance and frequently occurs with features of the metabolic syndrome. Disease presentation ranges from asymptomatic elevated liver enzyme levels to cirrhosis with complications of liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current treatment recommendations are limited to weight loss and exercise, although several promising medications are on the horizon.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of serum ferritin with non- alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Patients and Methods
The study was cross sectional study which conducted at Ain Shams University Hospital. This study was conducted on 80 patients both sexes, with age (18years old - 60 years), duration of study will be 6 months. All study patients approved to participate in this study. Patients were divided in to 2 groups as following:

Results
Our study reveals that patients with non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have significantly higher median serum ferritin levels, compared to those with non alcohoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Also ROC curve shows that the best cutoff point of serum ferritin to differentiate between normal lipid profile group and elevated lipid profile group was found &gt; 80 with sensitivity of 82.5%, specificity of 60.0% and AUC of 69.5% while the best cutoff point of fatty liver index to differentiate between normal lipid profile group and elevated lipid profile group was found &gt; 89 with sensitivity of 67.5%, specificity of 80.0% and AUC of 76.8%.

Conclusion
Elevated serum ferritin may reflect increased disease severity in NAFLD either because of increased ongoing hepatic or systemic inflammation or increased body iron stores or a combination of these factors. Our study also reveals that patients with non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have significantly higher median serum ferritin levels, compared to those with non alcohoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Evidence of Endothelial Bone Marrow Microenvironment Affection in Poor Graft Function Post Allogenic Stem Cell Transplanration
Authors: Mahmoud Bakry Radwa Mohamed , Naguib Mary Gamal , Abdel-Ghafar Nermin Adel Nabih , Youssef Mikhaeil Soha Raouf , Ahmed ELKourashy Shaza Abdel-Wahab 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is considered a curative option for several hematological disorders. The prognosis of patients undergoing allogenic (HSCT) is dependable on various factors that affect bone marrow microenvironment and poor prognosis can results from poor graft function. On of these factors is the numbers of CD31+ endothelial cells that support the hematopoietic stem cells.

Aim of the Study
The aim of this study was to assess how the bone marrow microenvironment is being affected in patients with poor graft function post allogenic stem cell transplantation targeting the endothelial cells using multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of CD31 antibody.

Patients and Methods
Forty patients were enrolled in this study with both benign and malignant hematological diseases who underwent allogenic HSCT from matched related donors. Patients were divided into 2 equal groups: poor graft function (PGF) group and good graft function group (GGF). Patients were subjected to full history recording, clinical examination, full laboratory and radiological work-up, tissue typing and chemotherapeutic conditioning before transplantation. After transplant, bone marrow aspirate was obtained and analyzed for CD31+ endothelial cells using Quantitative tri-color Flow cytometric assay.

Results
PGF group showed significantly lower counts of WBCs, platelets and hemoglobin concentration compared to GGF group. In addition, CD34 dose showed significantly lower concentration in PGF group compared to GGF group. PGF group had statistically significant lower percentage of stem cells total count compared to GGF group in addition, PGF Group had a significantly higher mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD31 on non-stem cells compared to GGF group.

Conclusion
PGF had significant increase in MFI of CD31+ve on non-stem cells compared to GGF group. In addition, PGF group had statistically significant lower percentage of CD31+ stem cells total count compared to GGF group.
The Effect of Taurolidine-Citrate-Heparin Combination on the Inflammatory Response and Hemodialysis Adequacy in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: El-Sharkawy Magdy Mohamed , Abdelgawad Mostafa Abdelnasier , Emara Ahmad Abdelmoniem , Abd El-Hamid Gad Omar El-Sayed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients, contributing to prolonged hospital stays and increased costs. Whether taurolidine lock solutions (TLS) are beneficial for the prevention of CRBSIs remains controversial. Aim and objectives to assess the effect of Taurolock-hep500TM as a lock solution on the incidence of Catheter Related Blood Stream Infections (CRBSI), performance of hemodialysis permanent catheters, and haemodialysis adequacy.

Subjects and Methods
This study was Randomized Controlled Trial, was carried out on 60 patients at Al-Zaitoun Specialized Hospital -Ministry of Health & Al-Demerdash Hospital – Ain Shams University divided into 2 groups: Taurolidine Group (Group 1): included 30 Patients received Taurolock-hep500TM, (Taurolidine, 4% citrate and 500 IU/ml heparin are combined in this solution), Heparin Group(Group 2)): included 30 Patients will receive unfractionated heparin (heparin sodium 5000i.u/ml) as a permanent catheter lock solution. Patients were followed up for 1 month for monitoring hemodialysis adequacy and incidence of CRBSI.

Result
CRP was significantly increased in heparin group more than Taurolidine Group. One case with CRBSIs was in Taurolidine Group, whereas five cases in heparin group.

Conclusion
The use of Taurolidine–citrate–heparin lock solution may be associated with better hemodialysis adequacy, lower incidence of Catheter Related Blood Stream Infections (CRBSI) and lower inflammatory markers in comparison to the use of Heparin.
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Severity in Association with the Severity of Anxiety and Depression among Egyptian Patients
Authors: Osman El Mahdi Eman Naguib , Naguib Rehab Mohamed , Mahmoud Wahdan Maha Magdy , Mahmoud Mayada Moneer , Mahmoud Atallah Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelmoamen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Urticaria is a condition characterized by the development of wheals (hives), angioedema, or both. Chronic urticaria (CU) is defined as the presence of urticaria for a period exceeding 6 weeks, assuming symptoms for most days of the week. It is divided into chronic inducible urticarias and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), previously termed chronic idiopathic urticaria. The latter designation emphasizes that patients can experience urticaria independent of any exogenous stimulus even if one can define circumstances that may worsen symptoms. Approximately 40% of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria report accompanying episodes of angioedema, whereas 10% have angioedema as their primary manifestation. In most cases, it is a self-limiting disorder, persisting for 2 to 5 years in most cases, although 20% of patients suffer for more than 5 years.

Objective
To assess the severity of CSU; screen CSU patients for psychiatric illnesses i.e. Anxiety and Depression and to assess the severity of Anxiety and Depression in patients with CSU.

Patients and Methods
This was a cross-sectional analytical study that was conducted at allergy clinic Ain-Shams University Hospitals on 300 patients with chronic urticarial, Study Period was 6 months.

Results
Our study revealed that, there were statically significant Positive correlation Between UAS score and GHQ (Anxiety) score, GHQ (Depression) score, BDI score and HAS score. In this study, there was highly statistically significant difference between HAS level and UAS level. There was highly statistically significant difference between BDI level and UAS level.

Conclusion
Our data show that patients with CSU experience high rates of anxiety and depression. CSU disease activity affects the severity of depression. CSU patients with high disease activity should be explored for comorbid depression. Females were more likely than men to have CUS and more affected by anxiety and depression than males.