bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A java based simulator with user interface to simulate ventilated patients
Authors: Stehle P. , Lehmann T. , Redmond D. , Möller K. , Kretschmer J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention, which despite its use on a routine basis, poses the risk of inflicting further damage to the lung tissue if ventilator settings are chosen inappropriately. Medical decision support systems may help to prevent such injuries while providing the optimal settings to reach a defined clinical goal. In order to develop and verify decision support algorithms, a test bench simulating a patient’s behaviour is needed. We propose a Java based system that allows simulation of respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and cardiovascular dynamics of a mechanically ventilated patient. The implemented models are allowed to interact and are interchangeable enabling the simulation of various clinical scenarios. Model simulations are running in real-time and show physiologically plausible results.
Test setup for characterizing the efficacy of embolic protection devices
Authors: Matthies J.-B. , Kurzhals A. , Schmidt W. , Atamna A. , Andresen R. , Schmitz K.-P. , Grabow N. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Systems for embolic protection are applied during the dilatation and the implantation of stents in the carotid artery. They are used to avoid downstream drift of arterial plaque particles which may be released during the intervention. Such particulate debris increases the risk of stroke when reaching and occluding even minor cranial vessels. Embolic protection devices (EPD) are intended to collect such particles during intervention and to finally remove them.
A test setup was developed in order to assess the effi-cacy of commercially available EPDs. The setup considers the introduction of relevant particles, as well as typical anatomic conditions. The EPDs could be tested using curved and ovalized vessel types to simulate stressed vessel conditions. Furthermore, a method for counting the particles was established to quantify collected particles in the EPD, the leaked particles and those which were left behind in the vessel.
Electrospun vascular grafts with anti-kinking properties
Authors: Bode M. , Mueller M. , Zernetsch H. , Glasmacher B. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
One of the major challenges in developing appropriate vascular substitutes is to produce a graft that adapts to the biological and mechanical conditions at the application or implantation site. One approach is the use of tissue engineered electrospun grafts pre-seeded with autologous cells. However, bending stresses during in vivo applications could lead to kinking of the graft which may result in life-threatening stenosis. The aim of this study was to develop an electrospun vascular graft consisting of biodegradable polymers which can reduce or prevent kinking, due to their higher flexibility. In order to improve the bendability of the grafts, various electrospinning collectors were designed using six different patterns. Subsequently, the grafts were examined for scaffold morphology, mechanical strength and bendability. Scaffolds spun on a collector structured with a v-shaped thread (flank angle of 120°) showed a homogenous and reproducible fiber deposition as compared to the unstructured reference sample. The results of the tensile tests were comparable to the unstructured reference sample, supporting the first observation. Studies on bendability were performed using a custom made flow-bending test setup. It was shown that the flow through the v-shaped grafts was reduced to less than 45 % of the reference value even after bending the graft to an angle of 140°. In contrast, the flow through an unstructured graft was reduced to more than 50 % after bending to an angle of 55°. The presented data demonstrate the need for optimizing the bendability of the commonly used electrospun vascular grafts. Using of macroscopic v-shaped collectors is a promising solution to overcome the issue of graft kinking.
Knowledge and attitude about pubertal health and their socio-demographic predictors in Iranian adolescents
Authors: Saghi Sima , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Alizadeh Charandabi Sakineh Mohammad , Nabighadim Abbas , Seidi Simin , Rahmani Azad 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Background:
Adolescence is a critical period and is associated with physical and psycho-social changes induced by puberty, which builds personality, behavior, and future health of the adolescents. This study aimed to determine the adolescent’s knowledge and attitude toward pubertal health and his/her socio-demographic predictors.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was performed on 1017 adolescent girls who were in the second and third grades of secondary schools in Tabriz, Iran, in 2013. The sampling method was random. The general linear model was used to determine the social-demographic predictors of the adolescent’s knowledge and attitude about pubertal health.

Results:
The mean (standard deviation) score of knowledge and attitude was 53.2 (13.7) and 66.7 (11.5), respectively (from an attainable score range of 0–100). The variables of educational level, economic status, household members, obtaining information about the puberty, and age of menarche were predictors of knowledge. Educational level, the most feeling at menarche, and source of the most information about puberty were predictors of attitude (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
The findings of this study show that the knowledge and attitude of adolescents about pubertal health are moderate. Thus, it is necessary to educate the girls about pubertal health to enable them to have a healthy reproductive life in the future.
Character strengths and service leadership
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Yu Lu 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCharacter strengths refer to the moral aspects of personality that have multiple dimensions. As a basic requirement of a service leader, character strengths provide the most inherent power for fulfilling different tasks and pursuing continuous development. In this paper, a lecture that aims to foster character strengths in undergraduate students is introduced. The theoretical foundation of the lecture on character strengths is first presented, including the concepts and theories related to character strengths, their relevance to service leadership and methods to promote the development of character strengths. The basic content and activities designed for this particular lecture are then outlined for the reader to have an overall view of the lecture. Finally, reflection on the role of the lecturer in the cultivation of character strengths in students and additional topics for consideration are highlighted.
Eulerian-Eulerian Simulations of Segregating Binary Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds
Authors: Coroneo Mirella , Mazzei Luca , Lettieri Paola , Montante Giuseppina , Paglianti Alessandro 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This work is aimed at investigating a bidisperse gas-solid fluidized bed by Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. The selected simulation approach is based on the Eulerian unsteady equations of motion for each phase coupled with a model based on the granular kinetic theory. The effect of grid size and time step on axial segregation of two different binary solid mixtures is investigated. The analysis of the simulation results, which strengthen previous findings with new data, confirms that firm conclusions on the capacity of the CFD model to predict the segregation dynamics in fluidized beds can be drawn only after careful verification of numerical uncertainties at the operating conditions under investigation. The relationship between the average absolute error, which is evaluated by comparison of the simulation results with literature experimental data, and a global parameter, which takes into account both the operating conditions and the spatial and temporal resolutions, is shown.
KHASIAT JAMU CEKOK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN PADA ANAK
Authors: Marni Marni , Ambarwati Retno 
Published: September 2015

<p>Anak usia di bawah lima tahun sering mengalami penurunan nafsu makan, yang mengakibatkan berkurangnya asupan nutrisi sehingga berat badan menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui khasiat ramuan jamu cekok terhadap peningkatan berat badan pada anak. Metode penelitian : penelitian kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan pada keluarga yang memberikan jamu cekok pada anak balitanya, dukun bayi/pembuat jamu, herbalis dan petugas kesehatan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2014, di wilayah Puskesmas Selogiri dengan pendekatan kualitatif, Seluruh rangkaian dan cara kerja ataupun proses penelitian kualitatif ini berlangsung secara serentak dilakukan dengan pengumpulan, pengolahan, menginterpretasikan sejumlah data dan fakta yang ada selanjutnya disimpulkan dengan metode induktif. Hasil penelitian : ramuan jamu cekok berkhasiat meningkatkan berat badan adalah: temu ireng ( curcuma aeroginosa), temulawak (curcuma xanthorriza robx), kencur (kaempferla galanga L), Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri), lempuyang emprit (zingiber americans), daun pepaya (carica papaya l), kunyit (curcuma domestica val), sambiloto dan tempe busuk.</p><p> </p><p><em>Toodler get a decreasing of their appetite, that causes the reducing of nutrition so their weght reduce. This research purposes to know the function of cekok herbal and the benefits to weight gain in children. Research Method: qualitative research, Colleting data is got from the family that give the herbal medicine of cekok in toddler, herbal medicine maker, herbalist and paramedics. The study was conducted in March and June 2014 in the PHC Selogiri area by using qualitative approach. All of sequance or processing of qualitative research took place simultaneously. The result: The ingredients Cekok has function to promote the weight, there are : Curcuma aeroginosa, Curcuma xanthorriza robx, kaempferla galanga L, Meniran Phyllanthus niruri, Zingiber americans, Carica papaya l, (curcuma domestica val), bitter and rotten tempeh.</em></p>
E-government Implementation in Mozambique: Transferring Lessons across the Public Secto
Authors: Macueve Gertrudes 
Published: September 2015

Although the implementation of computerized information systems in developing countries has been ongoing for decades, the
diffusion process has been slow to achieve a state of active use in organizational settings, and examples of cross-sector sharing
and learning remain very limited. This paper aims at demonstrating aspects that can be shared across sectors within the same
socio-economic and political implementation context, and the potential benefits that can be achieved. Empirically, the paper
draws upon experiences from the study of information systems implementation within the health and land management sectors
respectively in Mozambique. The concept of “translation” drawn from Actor-Network-Theory (ANT) is used as a lens to analyse
both experiences, and the similarities and differences are analyzed to draw specific inferences on potential domains of crosslearning.
Specific learning concerns the issues around managing the scalability and sustainability of the implementation of egovernment
initiatives. Four key areas of learning identified through this analysis are: use of participatory and action research
development; enrolment of the government; enrolment of local universities; and use of joined top-down and bottom-up
implementation approach.
Organically Crosslinked Polymer Sealant for Near-Wellbore Applications and Casing Integrity Issues: Successful Wellbore Interventions
Authors: Vasquez Julio , Santin Yoann 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Wellbore integrity issues, including casing leaks and poor zonal isolation behind the casing, present a tremendous challenge to conventional cement slurries when dealing with low injectivity, pressure restrictions, pin-hole leaks, and/or a primary cementing microannulus, among others. If the conditions of these near-wellbore (NWB) issues exceed the capabilities of conventional cement slurries, alternative methods might be necessary. This paper presents the field implementation of an organically crosslinked conformance polymer sealant (CPS) system used successfully to address these wellbore integrity challenges. Although it is not a replacement for cement slurries in all situations, the CPS system provides an alternative chemical and engineering solution for treating NWB problems in special circumstances.
The CPS system uses a copolymer of acrylamide and t-butyl acrylate (PAtBA) crosslinked with polyethyleneimine (PEI). The CPS system is injected into the formation and void spaces as a low viscosity solution that activates at a predicted time to form a hydrogel to completely shut off matrix permeability, fractures, fissures, and/or channels. This system has been successfully tested to withstand a differential pressure of at least 2,600 psi, has a working temperature range of 40 to 400°F, and is resistant to acid, CO2, and H2S environments. The CPS system does not develop any compressive strength, which simplifies the cleanup stage by easily jetting it out of the wellbore, opposed to cement that has to be milled out, which becomes increasingly challenging at shallow depths and/or in highly deviated wells.
To date, more than 1,000 CPS system treatments have been performed globally to address conformance problems, such as water coning/cresting, high-permeability streaks, gravel-pack isolation, and/or fracture shutoff. In this paper, case histories related to casing-leak repair, annular flow between pipes, and poor zonal isolation behind the casing are presented. Additionally, lessons learned from the diagnostic stages of both offshore and inland case histories are highlighted.
An Innovative Approach to Formation Evaluation with a Sourceless LWD Technology for the First Time in Joint Operations, A Case Study From Partitioned Zone Between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Rubaiyea Jamal , Al-Bader Ahmad , Al-Houli Meshari , Al-Najim Abdul-aziz , Al-Duwaish Majed , Elsherif Ahmed 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The South Fuwaris Field is located in the Partitioned Zone between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. The Lower Cretaceous Ratawi reservoirs were discovered in 1961, and production commenced in 1963. There are two major reservoirs – the Ratawi Limestone, which is predominantly developed by vertical wells, and the Ratawi Oolite, which is exclusively developed by horizontal wells. The reservoirs comprise low-moderate permeability limestones.
The use of Logging While Drilling (LWD) tools which utilise natural radioactive sources has been always risky since losing radioactive source will necessitates a complex procedure to abandon side track the hole.
Recently, a new LWD logging technique that incorporates Pulsed Neutron Generators (PNG) was introduced to Wafra Joint Operations (WJO). This new technique acts generates multiple measurements (Resistivity / Density / Neutron / Sigma / Spectroscopy). The PNG uses electrical power generated from the measurement-while-drilling (MWD) turbine to generate a large cloud of fast neutrons. These fast neutrons interact with the formation atoms to generate formation hydrogen index, sigma, and spectroscopy data. In addition, the fast neutron interactions generate a secondary gamma ray cloud that can be used to measure formation density (similar to standard density measurement).
This innovative technique was used for the first time for Wafra Joint Operations in the South Fuwaris Field, with great success. The tool was run in a pilot hole with an inclination of 60°, cutting the Ratawi Limestone and Ratawi Oolite reservoirs. The acquired data were of excellent quality in comparison with conventional LWD data.
The formation sigma was used in the water saturation calculations. Spectroscopy analysis was also recorded and used for formation evaluation, especially for clay content.
Finally, the new technique has been proven as a good risk mitigation / elimination for future operations.
Produced Water Monitoring and Developing Risk Profiles for Produced Water Re-Injection
Authors: Bhola N , Ariaratanam G , Roth N 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Online particle measurement is one of the key technologies in characterising fluid quality and developing strategies to ensure the efficient operation of and optimise any separation process. Online imaging systems have the benefit of being able use their multi-dimensional data to provide more information than just particle size, as particle shape, aspect ratio and many other parameters measured can be used to identify and classify different types of particulates, such as oil droplets and solid particles in a produced water system.
This understanding of particle type, size and shape provides a significant step forward over simple particle size as it enables separation process design and operation to specifically treat and remove target particulates. In this paper we will examine case studies that demonstrate how specific particle information can be used to understand and optimise different treatment stages within a produced water treatment system.
Agglomerates appear frequently in some fluid systems and can confuse imaging systems where simple parameters are being used to differentiate between particle species as the agglomerated material will present with different shape characteristics to those of its individual constituent particles. We will review produced water systems where the chemicals used to aid separation, and some of the separation technologies themselves, operate by creating aggregation and agglomeration using case studies demonstrating these effects.
We will discuss where agglomerates commonly occur and what significance these particles have within the oily water separation process. We will review the latest imaging software package that is capable of identifying these types of agglomerated particles and assessing constituent components.
Finally we will assess how this information contributes to our understanding of the risk profile that these types of agglomerated materials present in produced water re-injection and how that risk profile may be developed and analysed in the future.
An Integrated Petrophysical, Geochemical and Operational Approach to Identify Unconventional Resource, Case Study, Obaiyed Field, Western Desert-Egypt.
Authors: Ghanima Ahmed , El Bendary Ahmed , Taha Ahmed , Farag Yasser , Gamal Ahmed , Abbas Sabry Aboel , Samantray Ajay , Ibrahim Haitham 
Published: September 2015

AbstractHistrorically, Upper Safa is considered to be the source rock of the gas and condensate accumulated in Lower Safa stratum in Obaiyed Field. Both of Upper and Lower Safa units are parts of Khatatba formation “Jurassic age, Western Desert coulumn, Egypt”. The integration of all petrophysical and geochemical data indicated that, there is a rich organic Carbon embedded in the formation with a high britteleness ratio. As a result of the opportunity identification, there is an operational scope being studied now to proceed with a haydrulic fracturing stimulation targeting the sweet intervals “Intervals of high TOC and high Britteleness ratio” aiming to maximize the whole gas and condensate production of the field. This paper is summarizing the opportunity identification process and results using available petrophysical and geochemical data.Six wells had been used in this study where there is a complete set of well and continuous petrophysical data exist in all of them supported by geochemical analysis reports. Specific interpretation techniques were utilized to identify the opportunity from the logs. The property of Total Organic Carbon was estimated from logs using standered DeltaLogR Passey Technique and then verified using measured data. The rock briteleness property was estimated from avilable acoustic sonic logs “Compressional and Shear slowness”. The type of Kerogen and level of Maturity were recognized from geochemical sources. The data integration provided a well identification of the shale gas opportunity.As a part of complete assessment study of unconventional resources, a dedicated subsurface team was formed in order to evaluate the connectivity of Upper Safa, estimate the in place volumes and define the development options. The team also proposed on short term scale performing a vertical hydraulic fracturing in one of the sweet wells in order to prove the evaluation concept and increase total field production.The success of this project is measured by three aspects: first, proving the presence of commercial shale gas plays in Upper Safa unit, second, maximizing the gas and condensate production from the field and finally, on the long term scale, unlocking commercial unconventional gas resource for future generations in Western Desert, Egypt.
A Case Study of Real-Time Drilling Optimization to Improve Well Delivery through Enhancing Drilling Rates and Identifying Invisible Lost Time to Improve Performance
Authors: Zakariya Rafik , Zein Alaa , Diab Emad , Lotfy Amr , Marland Chris , Obaidli Yaqoub Yousif , Braik Haitham Ali , Amin Mohamed Sameer , Attalah Mohamed 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
As the oil and gas industry expands into evermore challenging environments with more complicated processes and designs, minimizing well cost and ensuring the best use of resources has resulted in an increase in the engineering planning and field-execution requirements. Drilling optimization has changed from simply improving the rate of penetration (ROP) to analyzing all aspects of the drilling process by establishing an integrated workflow that enables different engineering departments to plan and execute the well.
In this case history, the operator’s challenges included vibration in horizontal sections, hydraulics, and wellbore integrity concerns resulting from narrow mud weights available to minimize reservoir damage and to control pore pressure.
Drilling optimization also includes measuring and improving operational efficiency and consistency. Many activities are required in a drilling operation, and the inefficiency of these activities increases well costs. This inefficiency can be described as invisible lost time (ILT), which has been shown to contribute to up to 15% of total well cost. It exposes open holes to longer elapsed times which causes hole problems, especially in reactive formations.
This case study takes a holistic look at the drilling performance and efficiency improvements that can be made by planning, modeling, and introducing a collaborative drilling engineering team with a real-time field execution team to analyze drilling challenges and address those challenges for future developments.