bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface NMR instrumentation and methods for detecting and characterizing water in the vadose zone
Authors: Walsh David O. , Grunewald Elliot D. , Turner Peter , Hinnell Andrew , Ferre Ty P.A. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTA commercially available surface NMR instrument was modified to address the challenges of using earth’s field surface NMR to detect and characterize water in the unsaturated (or vadose) zone. The modified instrument incorporates faster switching electronics to achieve an instrument dead time of 2.8 ms, and higher output power electronics to enable a maximum coil voltage of 8000 volts and coil current of 800 amps. The instrument was used to collect and interpret surface NMR data at several active vadose zone investigation sites in the western US. A 6‐week surface NMR experiment was conducted at a managed aquifer storage and recovery facility in Arizona, to explore the measurement capabilities and limitations of the instrument, during a managed infiltration event. The resulting time lapse surface NMR data were used to map zones of held water prior to the flood event, image the influx of water through the top 15 metres of the subsurface during and after the event, quantify the spatial and temporal distribution of infiltrating water throughout the event, and characterize the distribution of water in different relative pore sizes throughout the event. Data obtained at pseudo‐static vadose zone investigation sites indicate that the surface NMR instrument can detect and image some forms of water held in unconsolidated vadose zone formations, at depths up to 30 metres. Complementary NMR logging data indicate that the surface NMR instrument does not detect all of the water held in these pseudo‐static formations, but that the non‐invasive surface NMR data may yield valuable information nonetheless.
Button battery ingestion in children: An emerging hazard
Authors: Jain Mayank , Waghmare Chandrashekhar , Adkar Sagar , Sircar Shohini , Jain Ajay K. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractButton battery ingestion is an emerging hazard. In this retrospective study, we report six cases of lithium button battery ingestion in pediatric age group (mean age 2.8 years). Three button batteries were removed from stomach and three from esophagus. Esophageal site was associated with significant local injury, and one button battery was impacted in the esophagus, requiring rigid esophagoscopy for removal. Small battery size, used batteries, and early removal (<12 h after ingestion) were associated with lesser mucosal injury. No long-term complications were noted. Our study emphasizes that early diagnosis and urgent removal of ingested button battery are the only measures which prevent complications.
Direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy performed with gastroscope
Authors: Choksi Ajay P. , Shah Keyur C. , Parekh Harshad K. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWhile percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a well-known approach for achieving enteral feeding, direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (DPEJ) is a technique that allows endoscopic placement of percutaneous/transabdominal feeding tube directly into the jejunum. It offers a non-surgical alternative for postpyloric enteral feeding for long-term nutritional support when gastric feeding is not technically possible or is inappriopriate. Conventionally DPEJ is done with pediatric colonoscope or small bowel enteroscope. Here, we report a case where DPEJ was accomplished with gastroscope.
Impact of Protected Sleep Period for Internal Medicine Interns on Overnight Call on Depression, Burnout, and Empathy
Authors: Shea Judy A. , Bellini Lisa M. , Dinges David F. , Curtis Meredith L. , Tao Yuanyuan , Zhu Jingsan , Small Dylan S. , Basner Mathias , Norton Laurie , Novak Cristina , Dine C. Jessica , Rosen Ilene M. , Volpp Kevin G. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundPatient safety and sleep experts advocate a protected sleep period for residents.ObjectiveWe examined whether interns scheduled for a protected sleep period during overnight call would have better end-of-rotation assessments of burnout, depression, and empathy scores compared with interns without protected sleep periods and whether the amount of sleep obtained during on call predicted end-of-rotation assessments.MethodsWe conducted a randomized, controlled trial with internal medicine interns at the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center (PVAMC) and the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP) in academic year 2009–2010. Four-week blocks were randomly assigned to either overnight call permitted under the 2003 duty hour standards or a protected sleep period from 12:30 am to 5:30 am. Participants wore wrist actigraphs. At the beginning and end of the rotations, they completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI).ResultsA total of 106 interns participated. There were no significant differences between groups in end-of-rotation BDI-II, MBI-HSS, or IRI scores at either location (P &gt; .05). Amount of sleep while on call significantly predicted lower MBI-Emotional Exhaustion (P &lt; .003), MBI-Depersonalization (P &lt; .003), and IRI-Personal Distress (P &lt; .006) at PVAMC, and higher IRI-Perspective Taking (P &lt; .008) at HUP.ConclusionsA protected sleep period produced few consistent improvements in depression, burnout, or empathy, although depression was already low at baseline. Possibly the amount of protected time was too small to affect these emotional states or sleep may not be directly related to these scores.
Comparative Assessment of Efficacy of Four Different Designs of Retraction Loops made of Beta Titanium Archwire: A Finite Element Study
Authors: Karandikar Girish Ramchandra , Patel Azeem Sajjad , Ravindranath VK , Malik Anil S 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare the forces, moments and moment/ force (M/F) ratio and load deflection rate of T-loop, keyhole loop, teardrop loop and mushroom loop with the finite element method (FEM).Materials and MethodsFEM was used to compare 3D models of closing loops in rectangular (0.017 × 0.025 inch) beta titanium wire. The T-loop, mushroom loop, keyhole loop and teardrop loop were 7 mm in height. The forces, the moments and the M/F ratios at each tooth node were recorded with an activation of 2 mm.ResultsThe highest force and moments was produced by the keyhole loop and the lowest force was produced by the mushroom loop.ConclusionAll the four retraction loops exerted the greatest force levels at the molar node. The maximum value for M/F ratio is seen at the central incisor followed by lateral incisor, molar and canine node. The keyhole loop demonstrated the least load deflection rate making it the most efficient design.How to cite this articlePatel AS, Ravindranath VK, Karandikar GR, Malik AS. Comparative Assessment of Efficacy of Four Different Designs of Retraction Loops made of Beta Titanium Archwire: A Finite Element Study. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(1): 6-9.
Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of a Partially Edentulous Hemiglossectomy Patient: A Clinical Report
Authors: Sanaye Ragini Sudhakar , Nadgere Jyoti 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTSquamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common malignant lesions in the oral cavity. This lesion can present itself on the tongue and may be treated by a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. When present on the lateral border of the tongue hemiglossectomy of the affected side is required. This results in altered functional movements, posture and adaptation of the tongue. This condition can be aggravated by deficient alveolar ridge, suturing of the flap across the crest of the ridge, high tissue attachments, altered floor of the mouth and loss of buccal and lingual sulcus. Prosthetic management in such cases includes an unconventional procedure to treat the patient. This article presents a clinical report on the rehabilitation of a partially edentulous patient with right sided hemiglossectomy with maxillary cast partial denture and mandibular flexible denture.How to cite this articleSanaye RS, Ram SM, Shah N, Nadgere J. Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of a Partially Edentulous Hemiglossectomy Patient: A Clinical Report. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(1):46-50.
A New Simplified Metal Guide for Optimal Microimplant Insertion
Authors: Karandikar Girish Ramchandra , Shah Shaili Sanjay , Patel Azeem Sajjad , Kulkarni Vinayak Shridharrao , Mhatre Amol Chandrakant , Burad Hitesh Jagdish 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTMicroimplants have become increasingly popular because they are small and easy to insert and remove, can be loaded immediately after insertion, and do not require patient compliance. They provide absolute skeletal anchorage for various orthodontic treatment modalities.Precise positioning of microimplants is critical to their success. Insertion too close to adjacent tooth roots increases the risk of implant failure, especially in the mandible. Abnormal placement interferes with planned tooth movements.Authors have developed a metal guide that can improve the accuracy of microimplant placement in the anterior or posterior segments of either arch. It is easily attached to the archwire and is then disengaged after drilling, without the need for arch wire removal and with no deformation of either the archwire or the guide. Its simple design permits easy fabrication, does not require construction of acrylic surgical stents. The guide can also be resterilized, thus the same one can be used for different patients.How to cite this articleKulkarni VS, Karandikar GR, Mhatre AC, Shah SS, Burad HJ, Patel AS. A New Simplified Metal Guide for Optimal Microimplant Insertion. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(1): 63-65.
Determination of Ibuprofen in Human Plasma and Urine by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Yilmaz Bilal , Erdem Ali Fuat 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This paper describes a GC/MS method for the determination of ibuprofen in human plasma and urine. Ibuprofen and internal standard naproxen were extractedfrom plasma and urine by using a liquid–liquid extraction method. Derivatization was carried outusing N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 0.05–5.0 and 0.1–10.0 μg/mL for plasma and urine, respectively. Intraday and interday precision (RSD) values for ibuprofen in plasma and urine were less than 6.31%, and accuracy (relative error) was better than 12.00%. The mean recovery of ibuprofen was 89.53% for plasma and 93.73% for urine. TheLOD was 0.015 and 0.03 μg/mL and the LOQ was 0.05 and 0.1 μg/mL for plasma and urine, respectively. The method was successfully applied to blood samples from three healthy male volunteers who had been given an oral tablet of 600 mg ibuprofen.
Determination of Fenitrothion in Water Using a Voltammetric Sensor Based on a Polymer-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Amare Meareg , Abicho Samuel , Admassie Shimelis 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with poly(4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene sulfonic acid) (poly-AHNSA) was used for the selective and sensitive determination of fenitrothion (FT) organophosphorus pesticide in water. The electrochemical behavior of FT at the bare GCE and the poly-AHNSA/GCE were compared using cyclic voltammetry. Enhanced peak current response and shift to a lower potential at the polymer-modified electrode indicated the electrocatalytic activity of the polymer film towards FT. Under optimized solution and method parameters, the adsorptive stripping square wave voltammetric reductive peak current of FT was linear to FT concentration in the range of 0.001 to 6.6 × 10–6 M, and the LOD obtained (3δ/m) was 7.95 × 10–10 M. Recoveries in the range 96–98% of spiked FT in tap water and reproducible results with RSD of 2.6% (n = 5) were obtained, indicating the potential applicability of the method for the determination of trace levels of FT in environmental samples.
Preconcentration/Separation of Some Trace Metal Ions From Water Samples by a New Synthesized Chelating Resin
Authors: Şener Seher , Tokalıoğlu Şerife , Özentürk İsmail , Soykan Cengiz 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A solid phase extractor, poly(N,N′-dipropionitrile methacrylamide-co-divinylbenzene-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid), was synthesized and used for separation/preconcentration of traces of Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Pb(II) from various water samples prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The characterization of the synthesized resin was performed by elemental analysis and IR spectrometry. Parameters such as pH, volume and concentration of the eluent, flow rate of the sample solution, sample volume, and interfering ions affecting the column SPE were examined. The optimum pH was found to be 3. The retained metal ions were desorbed from the column with 10 mL of 1 M HCl eluent. A high preconcentration factor, 40–100; low RSD, ≤2.8%; and low LOD values, ≤1.74 μg/L, were obtained. The adsorption capacity of the resin was in the range of 6.80–12.4 mg/g for all the elements. The reusability of the resin was excellent. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analyzing certified reference materials (TMDA-70 Lake Water and SPS-WW1 Batch 111-Wastewater) and spiked water samples. The method was successfully applied to the determination of metal ions in tap, lake, and dam waters.
Determination of Total Carbohydrates in Wine and Wine-Like Beverages by HPLC with a Refractive Index Detector: First Action 2013.12
Authors: Kupina Steve , Roman Mark ,   Collaborators:, Anderson D , Bhandari S , Cardozo M S , Chandra A , Hartless C , Kelm M , Masson L R , Neudahl J , Roberts D , Zhang J 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
An international collaborative study was conducted of an HPLC-refractive index (RI) detector method for the determination of the combined amounts of sugars, glycerol, organic acids, and phenolic compounds in wines and wine-like beverages. Nine collaboratinglaboratories representing major winery, contract laboratories, and government laboratories tested eight different materials as blind duplicates using the proposed method. Sample materials included red and white wines, port, wine cooler, and nonalcoholic wine. One material was a negative control, and one material was a reference material. Samples were either treated with an ion-exchange resin to remove interferingorganic acids prior to analysis or left untreated toinclude organic acids and phenolics. Red wine samples were treated with polyvinylpolypyrrolidone to remove potential interferences from phenolics prior to analysis. The HPLC analyses were performed on a Bio-Rad Fast Acid Analysis Column using RI detection. Reproducibility (RSDR) for untreated samples(sugars + phenolics + organic acids) ranged from 6.6% for Titrivin AA4 reference material to 11.0% for dry red wine. RSDR for treated samples (sugars only) ranged from 6.8% for white zinfandel to 18.9% for dry white wine. RSDR for treatedsamples (sugars only) + glycerol ranged from 6.4% for white zinfandel to 19.8% for dry red wine. Based on these results, the method was adopted as Official First Action status for determination of total carbohydrates in wine and wine-like beverages.
Validation of the MicroSnap Coliform and E. coli Test System for Enumeration and Detection of Coliforms and E. coli in a Variety of Foods
Authors: Meighan Paul 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The MicroSnap Coliform and E. coli system was devised to give rapid enumeration and detection of coliforms and/or Escherichia coli strains in a sample of food within an 8h working shift. The method measures β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase enzymes using novel bioluminogenic substrates which develop an outputlight signal proportional to the concentration of enzyme discovered. The assay uses two different phasesto determine the enzyme concentration. The first phase is an enrichment of the sample in a nutrient-richbroth device at 37 ± 0.5°C. After 6 or8 h, an aliquot is taken from the enrichment device and injected into the Coliform Detection Device, which is assayed in a luminometer after 10 min of incubation at 37 ± 0.5°C. Samples testing positive in the Coliform Detection Device can be subsequently assayed specifically for E. coli using the E. coli Detection Device. The relative light unit output from the detection device is proportional to the bacterial concentration when the incubation was initiated, which is proportional to the contamination level in the matrix being assessed. The MicroSnap Coliform and E. coli system was evaluated for both quantitative and qualitative analysis of coliforms and E. coli in a variety of foods. Threedifferent luminometers were used in the analysis, each of which has different functionalities and different sensitivities. The MicroSnap method showed good correlation with the appropriate corresponding reference method for enumeration of coliforms and E. coli. A statistically significant difference was seen in detection of E. coli in milk, as reported by the independent laboratory. The reference method reported higher mean Log10 CFU counts than the MicroSnap method; however, no significant differences were seen between the MicroSnap system and reference methods for any ofthe other matrixes. Inclusivity testing was conducted on 25 different non-E. coli coliforms and 25 different E. coli strains, and exclusivity testing was conducted on 30 different species of nontarget organisms. Two E.coli strains were not detected in the Coliform Detection Device after 8 h on one of the instruments. All other inclusivity strains tested were detected after 8 h of incubation. None of the exclusivity strains were detected. The lot-to-lot and kit stability studies showed no statistical differences between lots or over the term of the shelf-life. Robustness studies indicate that the timing of incubation for the detection phase is critical for correct system functioning.
Evaluation of VIDAS® UP Listeria Assay (LPT) for the Detection of Listeria in a Variety of Foods and Environmental Surfaces: First Action 2013.10
Authors: Crowley Erin , Bird Patrick , Flannery Jonathan , Benzinger, Jr M Joseph , Fisher Kiel , Boyle Megan , Huffman Travis , Bastin Ben , Bedinghaus Paige , Judd William , Hoang Thao , Agin James , Goins David , Johnson Ronald L ,   Collaborators:, Bollenbacher A , Brahmanda B , Burkhart R , Cannon J , Capps A , Cesanas L , Davis D , Ebbing D , Elgaali H , Hand B , Hiles R , Hirsch J , Howard B , Jolly J , Joseph S , Kehres A , Klemms K , Li J , May B , Michels M , Mills J , Moore S , Nagassar N , Owusu S , Palen N , Parker L , Paul B , Perry B , Pickett J , Rogman N , Rosario G , Rule P , Said C , Sala-Rhatigan M , Stegmann A , Stubblefield T , Wiggins K , Zimmerman J 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The VIDAS® UP Listeria (LPT) is an automated rapid screening enzyme phage-ligand based assay for the detection of Listeria species in human food products and environmental samples. The VIDAS LPT method was compared in a multi-laboratory collaborative study to AOAC Official Method 993.12 Listeria monocytogenes in Milk and Dairy Products reference method following current AOAC guidelines. A total of 14 laboratories participated, representing government and industry, throughout the United States. One matrix, queso fresco (soft Mexican cheese), was analyzed using two different test portion sizes, 25 and 125 g. Samples representing each test portion size were artificially contaminated with Listeria species at three levels, an uninoculatedcontrol level [0 colony-forming units (CFU)/test portion], a low-inoculum level (0.2–2 CFU/test portion), and a high-inoculum level (2–5 CFU/test portion). For this evaluation, 1800 unpaired replicate test portions were analyzed by either the VIDAS LPT or AOAC 993.12. Each inoculation level was analyzed using the Probability of Detection (POD) statistical model. For the low-level inoculated test portions, difference in collaborator POD (dLPOD) valuesof 0.01, (–0.10, 0.13), with 95% confidence intervals, were obtained for both 25 and 125 g test portions. The range of the confidence intervals for dLPOD values for both the 25 and 125 g test portions contains the point 0.0 indicating no statistically significant difference in the number of positive samples detected between the VIDAS LPT and the AOAC methods. In addition to Oxford agar, VIDAS LPT test portions were confirmed using Agar Listeria Ottavani andAgosti (ALOA), a proprietary chromogenic agar for the identification and differentiation of L. monocytogenes and Listeria species. No differences were observed between the two selective agars. The VIDAS LPT method, with the optional ALOA agar confirmation method, was adopted aOfficial First Action status for the detection of Listeria species in a variety offoods and environmental samples.
Suitability of Postcolumn Oxidation Liquid Chromatography Method AOAC 2011.02 for Monitoring Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Alaskan Shellfish—Initial Pilot Study versus Mouse Bioassay and In-House Validation
Authors: Hignutt Emanuel 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
An in-house study was conducted to confirm the suitability of the postcolumn oxidation (PCOX) LC method, AOAC 2011.02, for regulatory monitoring of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in Alaskan shellfish. The following parameters were evaluated: calibration linearity, linear range, retention time stability, accuracy, repeatability, LOQ, and comparability with AOAC 959.08, the mouse bioassay (MBA) for PSTs. Meanrecoveries for oyster homogenate spiked at 66 μg saxitoxin (STX) diHCl eq./100 g and 5 μg STX diHCl eq./100 g were 95 (n = 8)and 104%, respectively. Repeatability (n = 8) was 1.6 and 7% RSD, respectively. LOQ wasestimated at 5 μg STX diHCl eq./100 g with S/N = 6 for STX. Comparability with the MBA was evaluated by duplicate analysis of regulatory samples using the original homogenate for both methods. Forty-one samples with MBA results varying between 40 and 500 μg STX diHCl eq./100 g were compared to corresponding PCOX values. The correlation coefficient (r2) = 0.96, with a slope of 2.1. The slope indicates an average 2X higher total toxicity result for PCOX versus MBA, a result that is consistentwith prior literature showing low recoveries using the MBA.