bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of androgenesis in Poa arachnifera × P. ligularis and P. poiformis hybridizations
Authors: Kindiger Bryan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe rapid generation of haploids in most species remains a relatively infrequent event, but is considered an important tool for the development of homozygous lines and an approach for cytoplasmic transfer across related species. Poa arachnifera ‘Texas bluegrass’ is known to occasionally produce androgenic haploid recoveries following hybridization with Poa secunda. However, little information regarding the frequency of such behavior following hybridization with other Poa species is available. This study was undertaken to determine the frequency of androgenic haploids following interspecific hybridization of P. arachnifera × Poa ligularis and P. arachnifera × Poa poiformis. The P. arachnifera × P. ligularis hybridizations exhibited a frequency of androgenic dihaploids (ADH) at 1.00%; where the P. arachnifera × P. poiformis hybridizations indicated a frequency of 0.69%. Results from this study suggest ADH generation is an infrequent but consistent behavior likely found in sexual P. arachnifera.
Immunoglobulin rearrangement analysis from multiple lesions in the same patient using next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Appenzeller Silke , Gilissen Christian , Rijntjes Jos , Tops Bastiaan B J , Kastner‐van Raaij Annemiek , Hebeda Konnie M , Nissen Loes , Dutilh Bas E , van Krieken J Han J M , Groenen Patricia J T A 
Published: April 2015

AimsFor patients who have multiple lymphomas with discordant pathology, it is relevant to determine whether there is one disseminated lymphoma or two unrelated lymphomas. Patients with disseminated, clonally related lymphomas are usually treated with the most powerful drugs available, while patients with unrelated (primary) lymphomas receive mainly standard first‐line therapies.Methods and resultsWe used next‐generation sequencing on the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine to characterize the immunoglobulin heavy gene V–D–J rearrangements in two diagnostic tissue samples, including formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissue, of two patients with iatrogenic immunodeficiency‐associated Epstein–Barr virus lymphoproliferative disorder, with ulcerative colitis as underlying disease. The immunoglobulin rearrangement sequences obtained by next‐generation sequencing revealed undoubtedly clonally related lesions in two tissue biopsies that were taken over time in the first patient, which is concordant with disseminated lymphoma. The other patient showed two clonally unrelated lesions, which is incompatible with clonal dissemination. This information was not inferred from evaluation of the heavy and light chain rearrangements by fragment analysis, which is currently the gold standard.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the diagnostic application of next‐generation sequencing of immunoglobulin rearrangement assessment in pathology for clinical decision‐making in patients with several simultaneous or subsequent lymphoproliferations.
TIM‐1 rs41297579 G>A (−1454) and TIM‐4 rs7700944 gene polymorphisms as possible risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis: relation to activity and severity
Authors: Mosaad Y. M. , El‐bassiony S. R. , El‐Ghaweet A. E. , Elhindawy M. M. , EL‐Deek B. S. , Sultan W. A. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThis study was aimed to evaluate the impact of both TIM‐1 rs41297579 G>A (−1454) and TIM‐4 rs7700944 polymorphisms on susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a cohort of Egyptian population and to evaluate for the first time their relation to activity, severity, disease‐related disability and erosion. TIM‐1 rs41297579 G>A (−1454) and TIM‐4 rs7700944 gene polymorphisms were typed by RFLP for 128 patients with RA and 125 healthy controls. The A allele, A‐containing genotypes (GA and AA) of the TIM‐4 and GA haplotype were present with significant higher frequency in patients with RA than healthy controls (Pc < 0.001). These findings suggest that the A allele, A‐containing genotypes (GA and AA) and GA haplotype may be a susceptibility risk factor for RA [OR = 5.83 (3.6–9.4), OR = 9.41 (5.0–17.6) and OR = 4.21 (1.07–19.2), respectively]. No associations were found between TIM genotypes and disease activity, severity or presence of erosion. However, the RA patients with GA genotype of TIM‐4 have higher grade of rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity (P = 0.018), and have worse disease‐related disability (P = 0.007) and worse pain (0.025). TIM‐4 rs7700944 and not TIM‐1 rs41297579 G>A (−1454) is associated with RA in the present cohort of Egyptian and may be a risk factor for development of RA in Egyptian. Both SNPs have no effect on disease activity, severity or erosion. However, TIM‐4 GA genotype is associated with higher grade of RF positivity and worse disease‐related disability and pain.
Far‐Red‐Emitting BiOCl:Eu3+ Phosphor with Excellent Broadband NUV‐Excitation for White‐Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Yongjin , Zhao Zongyan , Song Zhiguo , Wan Ronghua , Qiu Jianbei , Yang Zhengwen , Yin Zhaoyi , Liu Xuee , Liu Qun , Zhou Yuting 
Published: April 2015

Rare‐earth ion‐doped semiconducting phosphor has attracted extensive attention due to the ability to achieve efficient luminescence through the host sensitization. Here, we present a new type red‐emitting Eu3+ ‐doped BiOCl phosphors possessing a broad excitation band in the near‐ultraviolet (NUV) region. Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations confirm that Eu3+ ion dopants result in forming impurity energy level near valence band, and the excellent broadband NUV‐exciting ability of Eu3+ ion is due to the electronic transitions of BiOCl band gap. Moreover, the highest emission intensity of the phosphors is from the 5D0 → 7F4 transition of Eu3+ around 699 nm (far‐red) through whether host excitation or direct Eu3+ ions excitation, which lie in the particular structure of BiOCl crystals. Our results indicate that the Eu3+ ‐doped BiOCl crystals show great potential as red phosphors for white‐light‐emitting diodes.
Do Sovereign Re‐Ratings Destabilize Equity Markets during Financial Crises? New Evidence from Higher Return Moments
Authors: Brooks Robert , Faff Robert , Treepongkaruna Sirimon , Wu Eliza 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of S&P's sovereign re‐ratings on the higher moments of equity market returns over recent financial crises. Using a set of intraday stock market index prices and sovereign credit ratings for a sample of 36 countries that experienced sovereign rating changes over the period from 1996 to 2013, we find that the higher moments of stock market returns are significantly more responsive to sovereign re‐ratings during financial crises, but the effects on stock markets are not the same across different financial crises. The effects during crises are, however, magnified for large downgrades and those that are associated with a loss of investment grade status. We find that there are asymmetric effects during financial crises in that downgrades are consistently more significant than upgrades in increasing realized volatility and realized kurtosis. Both upgrades and downgrades affect realized skewness in times of crises in the expected direction.
MicroRNA‐181c targets Bcl‐2 and regulates mitochondrial morphology in myocardial cells
Authors: Wang Hongjiang , Li Jing , Chi Hongjie , Zhang Fan , Zhu Xiaoming , Cai Jun , Yang Xinchun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractApoptosis is an important mechanism for the development of heart failure. Mitochondria are central to the execution of apoptosis in the intrinsic pathway. The main regulator of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis is Bcl‐2 family which includes pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic proteins. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by inhibiting mRNA translation and/or inducing mRNA degradation. It has been proposed that microRNAs play critical roles in the cardiovascular physiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Our previous study has found that microRNA‐181c, a miRNA expressed in the myocardial cells, plays an important role in the development of heart failure. With bioinformatics analysis, we predicted that miR‐181c could target the 3′ untranslated region of Bcl‐2, one of the anti‐apoptotic members of the Bcl‐2 family. Thus, we have suggested that miR‐181c was involved in regulation of Bcl‐2. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis using the Dual‐Luciferase Reporter Assay System. Cultured myocardial cells were transfected with the mimic or inhibitor of miR‐181c. We found that the level of miR‐181c was inversely correlated with the Bcl‐2 protein level and that transfection of myocardial cells with the mimic or inhibitor of miR‐181c resulted in significant changes in the levels of caspases, Bcl‐2 and cytochrome C in these cells. The increased level of Bcl‐2 caused by the decrease in miR‐181c protected mitochondrial morphology from the tumour necrosis factor alpha‐induced apoptosis.
Numerical Modeling of Heat and Mass Transfer during Contact Baking of Flat Bread
Authors: Sadeghi Farzad , Hamdami Nasser , Shahedi Mohammad , Rafe Ali 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA multiphase model was developed to simulate heat and mass transfer during the baking process of flat bread (Sangak bread) by considering volume changes. In the proposed model, the equations of heat and mass transfer for liquid (water) and gas (vapor andCO2) phases were developed based onFourier's,Fick's andDarcy's laws, respectively. In addition, the effect of evaporation–condensation phenomenon was considered using the nonequilibrium relation of evaporation rate in the mass and heat transfer equations. The quantity of specific heat and density of each mesh was predicted using series and parallel models, and values of unknown parameters were estimated using the standard least square method. The nonlinear partial differential equations of the model were solved by using the finite element method byCOMSOLMultiphysics software. The changes in bread thickness were determined by ImageJsoftware. The model validation was also accomplished by comparing the predicted temperature and moisture content with the experimental results. The highR2and the low root mean squared error between experimental and predicted data confirmed the validity of the developed mathematical model.Practical ApplicationsThe uniformity of the product quality and the energy loss during the baking process has always been considered as a great challenge in the baking industry. In recent years, there has been increasing demand for minimally processed and near‐fresh quality products. To produce the part‐baked Sangak bread, the dough fully processes and baking occurs to at level in which, the texture properly forms and low color changes occur. Nowadays, it is essential to find methods based on equations, mathematical modeling and engineering principles to improve process control. In order to develop these models, the profound understanding of the procedures during the baking, particularly, mass and energy transfer are essential. Since, there are few researches on evaporation‐condensation and volume change in contact baking; it is important to understand its mechanism for exploiting this phenomenon in the food industries.
Microbiological and Physicochemical Quality Changes in Frankfurters Made from Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas) Mantle Muscle in the Presence and Absence of a Natural Antimicrobial Agent
Authors: Ramírez‐Suárez Juan Carlos , Pacheco‐Aguilar Ramón , Scheuren‐Acevedo Susana María , García‐Sánchez Guillermina , Carvallo‐Ruiz Gisela , Lugo‐Sánchez María Elena , Cumplido‐Barbeitia German , Jiménez‐Ruiz Edgar Iván 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of a natural antimicrobial agent (Pronat) on selected quality indicators during the shelf life of vacuum‐packed frankfurters made from jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) muscle. Frankfurters with and without Pronat (0.1%) were vacuum‐packed and stored at 2–4C for up to 28 days. The physicochemical parameters (water loss, pH, thiobarbituric acid value, peroxide value, moisture, texture [texture profile analysis and sharing force], folding test performance, water‐holding capacity [WHC], drip loss and color) as well as the microbial counts (total aerobic and anaerobic count, total and fecal coliform) of the samples were assessed. The samples with Pronat were physicochemically stable and in good microbiological condition up to 21 days compared with the control. The main changes were attributed to color, WHC and drip loss. The Pronat concentration used in squid frankfurters greatly improved their microbiological shelf life but did not considerably improve the physicochemical quality indicators assessed in the present study.Practical ApplicationsAt the present time and in response to a market niche, natural and healthier foods are sought. Therefore, natural antimicrobial agent is an alternative to be used in the production of jumbo squid frankfurters, generating a healthy product with an extended shelf life.
A Luting Technique for Passive Fit of Implant‐Supported Fixed Dentures
Authors: Menini Maria , Dellepiane Elena , Pera Paolo , Bevilacqua Marco , Pesce Paolo , Pera Francesco , Tealdo Tiziano 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSeveral factors contribute to distortion of implant prostheses during fabrication and could prevent passive, accurate adaptation between implants and implant frameworks. The misfit between implants and restorative components may be significant and possibly lead to biologic or mechanical complications. The aim of this article is to describe a laboratory luting technique used to lute implant cylinders to metal frameworks in implant prostheses. This technique provides accurate, passive fits. According to this technique, titanium implant cylinders provided with corresponding external castable cylinders are used. Implant cylinders are screwed into the analogs in the master cast while the castable cylinders on top are splinted together using castable resin to realize a castable resin pattern. After casting, the framework is adjusted and cemented to the titanium cylinders on the master cast. Due to its ease and quickness of use and clinical efficiencies, this technique is deemed particularly useful in immediate loading rehabilitations.
Saponins from P
anax japonicus attenuate D-galactose-induced cognitive impairment through its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects in rats
Authors: Wang Ting , Di Guojie , Yang Li , Dun Yaoyan , Sun Zhiwei , Wan Jingzhi , Peng Ben , Liu Chaoqi , Xiong Guangrun , Zhang Changcheng , Yuan Ding 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the neuroprotective effects of saponins from Panax japonicus (SPJ) on D-galactose (D-gal)-induced brain ageing, and further explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods
SPJ were analysed using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Male Wistar rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were randomly divided into four groups: control group (saline), D-gal-treated group (400 mg/kg, subcutaneously), D-gal + SPJ groups (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, orally) and vitamin E group (100 mg/kg). Rats were injected corresponding drugs once daily for 8 weeks. Neuroprotective effects of SPJ were evaluated by Morris water maze, histopathological observations, biochemical assays, western blot analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis in vivo as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement and apoptosis assay in vitro.

Key findings
Our present study showed that D-gal had a neurotoxic effect in rats and in SH-SY5Y cells due to oxidative stress induction, including decreased total anti-oxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activity, ultimately leading to spatial learning and memory impairment in rats and ROS accumulation in SH-SY5Y cells. SPJ improved spatial learning and memory deficits, attenuated hippocampus histopathological injury and restored impaired anti-oxidative as well as anti-apoptotic capacities in D-gal-induced ageing rats. In addition, SPJ remarkably decreased lipofuscin levels, increased hippocampus nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and silent mating type information regulation 2 homologue (SIRT1) protein levels and anti-oxidant genes expression such as manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), heme oxygenase (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) in D-gal-induced brain ageing.

Conclusions
Our data suggested that D-gal induced multiple molecular and functional changes in brain similar to natural ageing process. SPJ protected brain from D-gal-induced neuronal injury through decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis, and ultimately improving cognitive performance in D-gal-induced brain ageing. It is possibly related to Nrf2 and SIRT1-mediated anti-oxidant signalling pathways.
Effects of dietary supplementation of selenium‐enriched probiotics on production performance and intestinal microbiota of weanling piglets raised under high ambient temperature
Authors: Lv C. H. , Wang T. , Regmi N. , Chen X. , Huang K. , Liao S. F. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThis study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of selenium‐enriched probiotics (SeP) on production performance and intestinal microbiota of piglets raised under high ambient temperature. Forty‐eight cross‐bred weanling piglets (28 days old), randomly allotted into 12 pens (four piglets/pen) and four dietary treatments (three pens/treatment group), were fed ad libitum for 42 days a basal diet (Con) or the basal diet supplemented with probiotics (Pro), sodium selenite (ISe) or a SeP preparation. Blood and faecal samples were collected on days 0, 14, 28 and 42 post‐treatment. The SeP group had higher final BW (p < 0.05), greater ADG (p < 0.05) and lower FCR (p < 0.01) than the Pro, ISe or Con group. The diarrhoea incidence rate of either SeP or Pro group was lower (p < 0.01) than the ISe or Con group. Blood Se concentration and GSH‐Px activity were both higher (p < 0.01) in the SeP than in the Pro, ISe or Con group. On days 28 and 42, the serum concentrations of T3 were higher (p < 0.01) and T4 lower (p < 0.01) in the SeP than in the ISe group, and the T3 and T4 concentrations in the ISe group, in turn, were higher (p < 0.05) and lower (p < 0.01), respectively, than in the Pro or Con group. Also on days 28 and 42, the faecal counts of lactobacillus bacteria were higher (p < 0.01) while Escherichia coli lower (p < 0.01) in the SeP or Pro group as compared to the ISe or Con group. The results of RFLP showed that the faecal microbial flora in the SeP group changed the most (numerically) as compared to the Pro or ISe group. These results suggest that the SeP product may serve as a better alternative to antibiotics than the solo probiotics for using as a growth promoter for weanling piglets.
Remoteness, race and social disadvantage: disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence and survival in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Clark Paul J. , Stuart Katherine A. , Leggett Barbara A. , Crawford Darrell H. , Boyd Peter , Fawcett Jonathan , Whiteman David C. , Baade Peter D. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackground & AimsIncidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing globally, but varies between countries and regions. To target scarce resources to most need, clinical services must be informed by regional epidemiology. Using population‐based data, we sought to document the incidence and mortality of HCC in Queensland, Australia, a state occupying a vast land area with diverse at‐risk subpopulations.MethodsUsing population‐based data from 1996 to 2011, the age‐standardised incidence rate (ASR), annual percentage change (APC) and survival of HCC in Queensland were assessed with negative binomial regression, Kaplan–Meier and Cox survival analysis. Spatial patterns of HCC incidence and survival and relevant predictors were mapped.ResultsThousand six hundred and twenty HCCs were diagnosed during this study period, with an overall ASR of 2.00‐cases/1000 population. ASR increased by 3.5% per year, (95% CI: 2.1 to 5.0), P < 0.001) among males to 5.6/100,000 in 2011 and a non‐significant increase of 2.6% per year, (95% CI = −0.7 to 6.0), P = 0.111) among females to 1.6/100,000 in 2011. Higher incidence was associated with male gender, older age, major city residence and proportionally higher area Indigenous population. Thousand and two hundred and eighty‐seven patients died. Median survival was approximately 10 months. Five‐year survival improved from 18% in 1996–2000 to 24% in 2006–2011 (P < 0.001). Poorer survival was associated with older age, less recent period of diagnosis, lower hepatitis B prevalence in country of origin and greater area‐level social disadvantage.ConclusionsOver this study period, HCC incidence increased significantly. HCC survival improved but remains poor. Social determinants are critical to HCC epidemiology.
Biochemical and biophysical characterisation of haloalkane dehalogenases DmrA and DmrB in Mycobacterium strain JS60 and their role in growth on haloalkanes
Authors: Fung Herman K. H. , Gadd Morgan S. , Drury Thomas A. , Cheung Samantha , Guss J. Mitchell , Coleman Nicholas V. , Matthews Jacqueline M. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryHaloalkane dehalogenases (HLDs) catalyse the hydrolysis of haloalkanes to alcohols, offering a biological solution for toxic haloalkane industrial wastes. Hundreds of putative HLD genes have been identified in bacterial genomes, but relatively few enzymes have been characterised. We identified two novel HLDs in the genome of Mycobacterium rhodesiae strain JS60, an isolate from an organochlorine‐contaminated site: DmrA and DmrB. Both recombinant enzymes were active against C2–C6 haloalkanes, with a preference for brominated linear substrates. However, DmrA had higher activity against a wider range of substrates. The kinetic parameters of DmrA with 4‐bromobutyronitrile as a substrate were Km = 1.9 ± 0.2 mM, kcat = 3.1 ± 0.2 s−1. DmrB showed the highest activity against 1‐bromohexane. DmrA is monomeric, whereas DmrB is tetrameric. We determined the crystal structure of selenomethionyl DmrA to 1.7 Å resolution. A spacious active site and alternate conformations of a methionine side‐chain in the slot access tunnel may contribute to the broad substrate activity of DmrA. We show that M. rhodesiae JS60 can utilise 1‐iodopropane, 1‐iodobutane and 1‐bromobutane as sole carbon and energy sources. This ability appears to be conferred predominantly through DmrA, which shows significantly higher levels of upregulation in response to haloalkanes than DmrB.