bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social support and frailty progression in community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Barghouth Muhammad Helmi , Klein Jessica , Bothe Tim , Ebert Natalie , Schaeffner Elke , Mielke Nina 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesDespite the growing evidence regarding the influence of social factors on frailty in older adults, the effect of social support remains unclear. This study aims to assess the association between social support and frailty progression (transition and incidence) in a sample of community-dwelling older adults.MethodsUsing a cohort study design, 1,059 older adults from the Berlin Initiative Study were followed up for 2.1 years. Multinomial and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association of social support using Oslo Social Support Scale-3 with frailty transition and incidence, respectively. Gender differences were explored using stratified analyses.ResultsAt baseline, frailty prevalence in the study population [mean (SD) age 84.3 (5.6) years; 55.8% women] reached 33.1% with 47.0, 29.4 and 23.6% of the participants reporting moderate, strong and poor social support, respectively. Over the follow-up period, social support was not significantly associated with the frailty transition categories in the adjusted model. Conversely, the adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that participants with poor social support had twice the odds of becoming frail compared to those with strong social support (OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.08–3.95). Gender-stratified analyses showed comparable estimates to the main analysis but were statistically non-significant.DiscussionOur study results underpin the role of social factors in frailty incidence and highlight social support as a potential target for frailty-preventing interventions in older adults. Therefore, it is important to adopt a biopsychosocial model rather than a purely biomedical model to understand and holistically improve the health of community-dwelling older adults.
Emergency patients’ satisfaction with humanistic caring and its associated factors in Chinese hospitals: a multi-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Xinwen , Shen Xiulan , Zhang Jichun , Zhang Fengying , Liao Lulu , He Xiaoxiao , Liu Yilan 
Published: July 2024

PurposeHumanistic caring in clinical practice is important for quality care and patient satisfaction. This study aimed to assess patient satisfaction with humanistic care for emergency patients in China and its associated factors.MethodsFrom October 2023 to December 2023, a multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted across 28 provinces and 87 hospitals in China, using a sampling method for inpatients in emergency department. Patient satisfaction with humanistic care was evaluated by a self-developed questionnaire with 32 items across 6 dimensions. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to explore associated factors.ResultsA total of 3,003 valid questionnaires were successfully collected, with an effective rate of 86.05%. The emergency patients’ total mean humanistic caring satisfaction score was 4.67 ± 0.66. Age, medical insurance type, specialized emergency department visited, waiting times, whether had accompanied person, hospital level, and hospital type are correlated factors (P &lt; 0.05) regarding humanistic caring satisfaction. The correlation analysis showed perceived value, and its three dimensions were moderately correlated with humanistic caring satisfaction. The multiple linear regression showed waiting time (β = −0.219, P &lt; 0.05), whether had accompanied person (β = −0.192, P &lt; 0.05), hospital level (β = −0.137, P &lt; 0.05), functional value (β = 0.197, P &lt; 0.05), and emotional value (β = 0.418, P &lt; 0.05) were strong predictors.ConclusionHospitals at all levels should improve patients’ perceived value, shorten waiting times, and provide caregivers with improved humanistic care in the emergency department.
A 10-week implementation of the FIT FIRST FOR ALL school-based physical activity concept effectively improves cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in 7–16-year-old schoolchildren
Authors: Olsen Helgi Winther , Sjúrðarson Tórur , Danielsen Bára Berghamar , Krustrup Peter , Larsen Malte Nejst , Skoradal May-Britt , Mohr Magni 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of the FIT FIRST FOR ALL school-based physical activity program on health-related physical fitness in Faroese schoolchildren. The program aimed to add three weekly sessions of organized high-intensity physical activity to the standard weekly physical education sessions for all pupils across the entire school.MethodsA non-randomized controlled design was used to evaluate the effects of the program. Two schools participated, including one intervention school (INT; n =179) and one control school (CON; n =181), with pupils aged 7–16 years (grades 1–9). The FIT FIRST FOR ALL program consisted of three weekly 40-minute sessions of age-adjusted high-intensity physical activity over 10 weeks for the INT school, while the CON school continued their normal school program. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included cardiorespiratory fitness (Yo-Yo IR1C test), agility (Arrowhead Agility test), postural balance (Stork Stand), standing long jump performance, body composition, blood pressure, and resting heart rate.ResultsA significant time × group effect (p &lt; 0.001) was observed for cardiorespiratory fitness, which increased by 31% [23;39] in INT (p &lt; 0.001) and remained unaltered in CON (7% [−2;16], p = 0.13). In addition, a time × group effect (p &lt; 0.001) was observed for agility, which improved by 2.1% [1.0;3.2] in INT (p &lt; 0.001) and regressed by 3.3% [2.3;4.4] in CON (p &lt; 0.001). No significant between-group effects were found for standing long jump and balance. A time × group effect (p &lt; 0.001) was observed for changes in total muscle mass, which increased by 1.4 kg [1.2;1.5] in INT (p &lt; 0.001) and by 0.4 kg [0.3;0.6] in CON (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, a time × group effect (p &lt; 0.001) was observed for total fat percentage, which decreased by −2.3% [−2.8;−1.9] in INT (p &lt; 0.001) and remained unchanged in CON (−0.3% [−0.7;0.1], p = 0.16). No significant time × group effects were found for blood pressure and resting heart rate.DiscussionThe FIT FIRST FOR ALL program significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness and agility, and it led to favorable changes in body composition in the intervention school. These findings suggest that the program is highly effective in enhancing physical fitness and health status across all investigated age groups when implemented at a school-wide level.
The cross-regional settlement methods in hospitals and the treatment-seeking behavior of patients with malignant tumors in China: an evolutionary game model
Authors: Zhao Xinzhe , Li Linjin , Zhang Dan 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundCross-regional settlement management is a key indicator of national health insurance system maturity. Given the significant demand for cross-regional medical treatment among Chinese patients with malignant tumors and the territorially managed health insurance system, further research is necessary to explore the relationship between hospital settlement methods and treatment-seeking behaviors among these patients. This study introduces and validates an evolutionary game model that provides a theoretical foundation for direct settlement policies in cross-regional treatment.MethodsAn evolutionary game model was constructed with patients and hospitals serving as strategic players within a dynamic system. This model integrates the patients’ treatment utility, medical and nonmedical costs, and hospitals’ financial and technological advancement benefits.ResultsThe evolutionary stability analysis revealed seven-game outcomes between hospitals and patients with malignant tumors. The numerical simulations suggest an evolutionary convergence toward strategy (1, 0), indicating a trend where patients with malignant tumors opt for cross-regional treatment, yet hospitals choose not to implement a direct settlement policy. Parameter sensitivity analysis showed that the parameters set in this study affected player behavioral choices and game equilibria.ConclusionA strong demand for cross-regional medical treatment among Chinese patients with malignant tumors, and some hospitals require more incentives to implement cross-regional settlements. The key factors influencing the willingness of some patients with malignant tumors to resettle include the costs of in-area medical care, costs of cross-regional treatment without direct settlement, and the utility of cross-regional treatment. Technological advancement benefits and input costs influence some hospitals’ motivation to adopt cross-regional settlements. Policy adjustments that effectively implement direct settlement policies can facilitate equilibrium, enhance the initiatives of some local health insurance management departments, improve the accessibility and efficiency of medical services, and reduce nonmedical expenses for patients.
Gaze detection as a social cue to initiate natural human-robot collaboration in an assembly task
Authors: Lavit Nicora Matteo , Prajod Pooja , Mondellini Marta , Tauro Giovanni , Vertechy Rocco , André Elisabeth , Malosio Matteo 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: In this work we explore a potential approach to improve human-robot collaboration experience by adapting cobot behavior based on natural cues from the operator.Methods: Inspired by the literature on human-human interactions, we conducted a wizard-of-oz study to examine whether a gaze towards the cobot can serve as a trigger for initiating joint activities in collaborative sessions. In this study, 37 participants engaged in an assembly task while their gaze behavior was analyzed. We employed a gaze-based attention recognition model to identify when the participants look at the cobot.Results: Our results indicate that in most cases (83.74%), the joint activity is preceded by a gaze towards the cobot. Furthermore, during the entire assembly cycle, the participants tend to look at the cobot mostly around the time of the joint activity. Given the above results, a fully integrated system triggering joint action only when the gaze is directed towards the cobot was piloted with 10 volunteers, of which one characterized by high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder. Even though they had never interacted with the robot and did not know about the gaze-based triggering system, most of them successfully collaborated with the cobot and reported a smooth and natural interaction experience.Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the natural gaze behavior of participants working on a joint activity with a robot during a collaborative assembly task and to attempt the full integration of an automated gaze-based triggering system.
Investigating the anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects of “Gola” guava fruit and leaf extract in alleviating papain-induced knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Shahid Arashi , Inam-Ur-Raheem Muhammad , Socol Claudia Terezia , Maerescu Cristina Maria , Criste Florin Leontin , Murtaza Hafiz Bilal , Bhat Zuhaib F. , Hussain Shahzad , Aadil Rana Muhammad 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThis present research was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects of a 50% hydroethanolic extract of “Gola” guava fruit (GF50%) and guava leaf (GL50%) against papain-induced knee osteoarthritis (KOA).MethodsSixty Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into five groups (10 rats/ group): T0 (negative control), T1 (positive control), T2 (200 mg/kg GF50%), T3 (400 mg/kg GF50%), T4 (200 mg/kg GL50%), and T5 (400 mg/kg GL50%). Physical parameters were evaluated throughout the trial, while biochemical, histopathological, and radiographic analyses were performed at 0, 15, and 30 days. The histopathological and radiographic analyses were evaluated using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score and Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) classification systems, respectively.Results and discussionThe T1 group demonstrated a significant increase in knee diameter, confirming successful OA induction. The T5 group maintained a significantly lower body weight at day 30, and the T3 group exhibited the highest weight gain. The high dose of GL50% (400 mg/ kg) effectively reduced knee inflammation and significantly downregulated myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In contrast, it significantly (p &lt; 0.001) upregulated the serum and knee capsule tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In addition, histopathological and X-ray examinations also confirmed the chondroprotective potential of GL50% extract against OA. Consequently, 400 mg/kg GL50% exhibited anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective potential by lowering oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines and elevating antioxidant status. These findings could provide a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism and potential medicinal value of guava fruit and leaf in treating KOA.
Comparative analysis of the degree of patient satisfaction after breast-conserving surgery with or without oncoplastic surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lisboa Fabiana Christina Araújo Pereira , Giorgi Lucimara Priscila Campos Veras , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Paulinelli Régis Resende , de Sousa João Batista 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionConservative surgery is the gold standard for the treatment of single and small tumors and, combined with the concept of oncoplastic tumors, brings good aesthetic results while maintaining cancer safety. The objective was to comparatively analyze the degree of satisfaction of patients undergoing breast conserving surgery (BCS), with and without oncoplastic surgery (OPS) using level II OPS techniques.MethodsReview with a search in the databases MEDLINE (by PubMed), EMBASE, Clinical Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, BVS and Oppen gray. The meta-analysis of random effects was performed using the Der Simonian-Laird method considering the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the aesthetic outcome between women who underwent OPS and BCS (OR 0.90; 95% CI 0.62–1.30). The staging (OR 1.93; 95% CI 0.97–3.84; I2 = 15.83%); tumor location [central (OR 1.28; 95% CI 0.06–27.49; I2 = 17.63%); lower (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.21–2.65; I2 = 2.21%); superior (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.26–1.74; I2 = 0.00%] and tumor size (OR 8.73; 95% CI −11.82–29.28; I2 = 93.18%) showed no association with the type of BCS performed, with or without OPS. The degree of satisfaction remains even in cases of extreme oncoplasty.ConclusionThe level of patient satisfaction in relation to BCS was similar to that of the group undergoing OPS, highlighting that OPS allows the patient's satisfaction rate to be maintained even in the case of large or multicentric tumors.
Comparative Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Prevalence and Resistance Patterns in Canine and Feline Clinical Samples: Insights from a Three-Year Study in Germany
Authors: Feuer Leonie , Frenzer Stefanie Katharina , Merle Roswitha , Bäumer Wolfgang , Lübke-Becker Antina , Klein Babette , Bartel Alexander 
Published: July 2024

The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) presents a significant public health concern globally, particularly within veterinary medicine. MRSP’s resistance to multiple antibiotics is limiting treatment options and potentially leading to severe infections in companion animals. This study aimed to understand antimicrobial resistance in dogs and cats, focusing on MRSP resistance patterns and its prevalence in Germany. We analyzed results of bacterial diagnostic samples from canines and felines, sourced from a German veterinary diagnostic microbiology laboratory between 2019 and 2021. This dataset included samples from 3491 veterinary practices, covering 33.1% of veterinary practices and clinics in Germany. MRSP rates were detailed by host species, sample types and co-resistance patterns. Analysis of 175,171 bacterial examination results revealed S. pseudintermedius in 44,880 samples, yielding a 25.6% isolation rate. S. pseudintermedius was more prevalent in dogs (35.0%) than cats (3.6%). Methicillin resistance was found in 7.5% of all S. pseudintermedius isolates. MRSP prevalence was higher in feline samples (16.1%, 95% CI 14.4–17.8) compared to canine samples (7.1%, 95% CI 6.8–7.0). S. pseudintermedius showed high resistance rates to ampicillin (cats: 48.6%, dogs: 67.6%) and clindamycin (cats: 37.2%, dogs: 32.7%), while MRSP exhibited high co-resistance to clindamycin (cats: 82.8%, dogs: 85.4%) and sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (cats: 66.4%, dogs: 66.2%). Our study revealed distinct resistance patterns of MRSP in cats compared to dogs, highlighting the need for tailored treatment approaches and the importance of antimicrobial resistance surveillance.
Does Trema micranthum (L.) Blume Produce Cannabinoids?
Authors: Oliveira Gerlon de Almeida Ribeiro , Estrada-Semprun Omar Enrique , Arantes Luciano Chaves , Rodrigues Patrícia Marques , Ribeiro Rebekah Alves , Fagg Christopher William , Magalhães Pérola Oliveira , Fonseca-Bazzo Yris Maria , Silveira Damaris 
Published: July 2024

There are inconclusive claims in the scientific literature that the species Trema micranthum, widely distributed throughout the Brazilian territory, may produce phytocannabinoids, potentially serving as an alternative to Cannabis sativa. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation to assess the presence of phytocannabinoids in two Trema micranthum samples collected in the Midwest region of Brazil. In trying to detect cannabinoids in T. micranthum, a recommended cannabis screening test was employed, the Fast Blue BB Salt (FBBBS) colorimetric assay, followed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and instrumental techniques: high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). When employed without chloroform extraction, the FBBBS reagent yielded positive results for extracts from all parts of T. micranthum (leaves, branches, fruits, and inflorescences). However, these initial positive results from the FBBBS test, suggesting the presence of cannabinoids, were not corroborated by FBBBS followed by chloroform extraction, TLC, or the instrumental techniques used in this study. These additional outcomes suggest that the positive FBBBS test results were likely due to the presence of other phenolic compounds rather than phytocannabinoids. For example, the presence of vitexin-like compounds in T. micranthum extracts might explain the positive FBBBS test results. Therefore, new assertions that T. micranthum produces cannabinoids will require the support of more selective experiments to avoid false-positive claims based on less selective screening tests.
Prescribing benzodiazepines in young adults with anxiety: a qualitative study of GP perspectives
Authors: Archer Charlotte , Wiles Nicola , Kessler David , Chew-Graham Carolyn A , Turner Katrina 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundIncident benzodiazepine prescriptions in primary care for anxiety decreased between 2003 and 2018. However, from 2008, incident prescribing of benzodiazepines for anxiety increased among those aged 18–34 years. There are increasing concerns around prescribing of benzodiazepines. Further, although guidelines state benzodiazepines should only be prescribed short term, in 2017, 44% of incident prescriptions were prescribed for longer than the recommended duration of 2–4 weeks.AimTo understand when and why GPs prescribe benzodiazepines for anxiety in young adults.Design and settingA qualitative study was undertaken using in-depth interviews with 17 GPs from 10 general practices in South West England.MethodInterviews were conducted by telephone or videocall. A topic guide was used to ensure consistency across interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and data analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsGPs described caution in prescribing benzodiazepines for anxiety in young adults, but thought they had an important role in acute situations. GPs described caution in prescribing duration, but some thought longer-term prescriptions could be appropriate. In light of these views, some GPs questioned whether primary care needs to revisit how clinicians are using benzodiazepines. GPs perceived that some young adults requested benzodiazepines and suggested this might be because they wanted quick symptom relief. GPs noted that refusing to prescribe felt uncomfortable and that the number of young adults presenting to general practice, already dependent on benzodiazepines, had increased.ConclusionPatient-driven factors for prescribing benzodiazepines suggest there are current unmet treatment needs among young adults with anxiety. Given increases in prescribing in this age group, it may be timely to revisit the role of benzodiazepines in the management of people with anxiety in primary care.
HUBUNGAN PARITAS DENGAN KEJADIAN ASFIKSIA NEONATORUM DI RSUD BATARA GURU BELOPA
Authors: Tandiallo Devianti 
Published: July 2024

Asfiksia merupakan suatu kejadian kegawatdarutaran yang berupa kegagalan bernafas secara spontan segera setelah lahir dan sangat beresiko untuk terjadinya kematian dimana keadaan janin tidak spontan bernafas dan teratur sehingga dapat menurunkan oksigen dan makin meningkatkan karbondioksida yang menimbulkan akibat buruk dalan kehidupan berlanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara paritas dengan kejadian asfiksia neonatorum di RSUD Bata Guru Belopa. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif korelasional dengan metode pendekatan waktu Cross Sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin berjumlah 62 responden. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan rekam medik. Analisis data Bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square, jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 62 responden diantaranya yang mengalami asfiksia neonatorum sebanyak 52 responden dan yang tidak mengalami asfiksia neonatorum sebanyak 10 responden. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan rekam medik, analisis data bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square. Didapatkan hasil analisis dengan nilai p =Â 0,000 dengan demikian nilai p-value 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara paritas dengan asfiksia neonatorum