bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of a Phenomenological Model for the Engine-Out Emissions
of Unburned Hydrocarbons in Driving Cycles
Authors: Dorsch Manuel , Neumann Jens , Hasse Christian 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In this work, the application of a phenomenological model to determine engine-out hydrocarbon (HC) emissions in driving cycles is presented. The calculation is coupled to a physical-based simulation environment consisting of interacting submodels of engine, vehicle, and engine control. As a novelty, this virtual calibration methodology can be applied to optimize the energy conversion inside a spark-ignited (SI) internal combustion engine at transient operation. Using detailed information about the combustion process, the main origins and formation mechanisms of unburned HCs like piston crevice, oil layer, and wall quenching are considered in the prediction, as well as the in-cylinder postoxidation. Several parameterization approaches, especially, of the oil layer mechanism are discussed. After calibrating the emission model to a steady-state engine map, the transient results are validated successfully against measurements of various driving cycles based on different calibration strategies of engine operation.
Antimicrobial Activity of Gallium Protoporphyrin IX against Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Displaying Different Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes
Authors: Arivett Brock A. , Fiester Steven E. , Ohneck Emily J. , Penwell William F. , Kaufman Cynthia M. , Relich Ryan F. , Actis Luis A. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

A paucity of effective, currently available antibiotics and a lull in antibiotic development pose significant challenges for treatment of patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR)
Acinetobacter baumannii
infections. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies must be evaluated to meet the demands of treatment of these often life-threatening infections. Accordingly, we examined the antibiotic activity of gallium protoporphyrin IX (Ga-PPIX) against a collection of
A. baumannii
strains, including nonmilitary and military strains and strains representing different clonal lineages and isolates classified as susceptible or MDR. Susceptibility testing demonstrated that Ga-PPIX inhibits the growth of all tested strains when cultured in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth, with a MIC of 20 μg/ml. This concentration significantly reduced bacterial viability, while 40 μg/ml killed all cells of the
A. baumannii
ATCC 19606
T
and ACICU MDR isolate after 24-h incubation. Recovery of ATCC 19606
T
and ACICU strains from infected A549 human alveolar epithelial monolayers was also decreased when the medium was supplemented with Ga-PPIX, particularly at a 40-μg/ml concentration. Similarly, the coinjection of bacteria with Ga-PPIX increased the survival of
Galleria mellonella
larvae infected with ATCC 19606
T
or ACICU. Ga-PPIX was cytotoxic only when monolayers or larvae were exposed to concentrations 16-fold and 1,250-fold higher than those showing antibacterial activity, respectively. These results indicate that Ga-PPIX could be a viable therapeutic option for treatment of recalcitrant
A. baumannii
infections regardless of the resistance phenotype, clone lineage, time and site of isolation of strains causing these infections and their iron uptake phenotypes or the iron content of the media.
Mean-Square Asymptotically Almost Automorphic Solutions to Fractional Stochastic Relaxation Equations
Authors: Wu Qiong 
Published: September 2015

Mild solutions generated by aa, k-regularized family to fractional stochastic relaxation equations are studied. The main objective is to establish the existence and uniqueness of square-mean asymptotically almost automorphic mild solutions to linear and semilinear case of these equations. Under different hypotheses, some new theorems concerning the main objective are derived.
Use of Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Sandhu Amneet , McCoy Lisa A. , Negi Smita I. , Hameed Irfan , Atri Prashant , Al’Aref Subhi J. , Curtis Jeptha , McNulty Ed , Anderson H. Vernon , Shroff Adhir , Menegus Mark , Swaminathan Rajesh V. , Gurm Hitinder , Messenger John , Wang Tracy , Bradley Steven M. 
Published: September 2015

Background—
Little is known about the contemporary use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and other mechanical circulatory support (O-MCS) devices in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of cardiogenic shock.

Methods and Results—
We identified 76 474 patients who underwent PCI in the setting of cardiogenic shock at one of 1429 National Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCI participating hospitals from 2009 to 2013. Temporal trends and hospital-level variation in the use of IABP and O-MCS were evaluated. No mechanical circulatory support was used in 41 286 (54%) patients, 29 730 (39%) received IABP only, 2711 (3.5%) received O-MCS only, and 2747 (3.6%) received both IABP and O-MCS. At the start of the study period, 45% of patients undergoing PCI in the setting of cardiogenic shock received an IABP and 6.7% received O-MCS. The proportion of patients receiving IABP declined at an average rate of 0.3% per quarter, whereas the rate of O-MCS use was unchanged over the study period. The predicted probability of IABP use varied significantly by site (hospital median 42%, interquartile range 33% to 51%, range 8% to 85%). The probability of O-MCS use was <5% for half of hospitals and >20% in less than one-tenth of hospitals.

Conclusions—
In this large national registry, the use of IABP in the setting of PCI for cardiogenic shock decreased over time without a concurrent increase in O-MCS use. The probability of IABP and O-MCS use varied across hospitals, and the use of O-MCS was clustered at a small number of hospitals.
Handschinurida nom. nov. (Collembola, Neanuridae), a substitute name for the homonym Handschinia Stach, 1949
Authors: QUEIROZ Gabriel Costa 
Published: September 2015

Stach (1949) erected the genus Handschinia Stach, 1949 (Collembola, Neanuridae, Pseudachorutinae sensu Deharveng, 2004) for two Neotropical species, Pseudachorutes fluminensis Arlé, 1939 and Pseudachorutes proximus Arlé, 1939. Later, Massoud (1967) synonymised the genus with Arlesia Handschin, 1942. More recently, Queiroz & Mendonça (2014) rediagnosed Handschinia Stach, 1949 as a valid genus based on new morphological characteristics regarding the two mentioned species and also the description of Handschinia rauli Queiroz & Mendonça, 2014. It was not recognised by Queiroz & Mendonça (2014) that Ellis & Bellinger (1973) had already that Handschinia Stach, 1949 as a junior homonym of Handschinia Lallemand, 1935, a hemipteran genus. Ellis & Bellinger (1973) refrained from creating a replacement name because Handschinia Stach, 1949 had been synonymised with Arlesia, that had priority if the synonymy was valid.
Solid-state mechanochemical activation of clay minerals and soluble phosphate mixtures to obtain slow-release fertilizers
Authors: Borges Roger , Brunatto Silvio F. , Leitão Alexandre A. , De Carvalho Gustavo S. G. , Wypych Fernando 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis work describes the development of potential multi-element slow-release fertilizers obtained by mechanochemical activation of mixtures of kaolinite and ammonium or potassium monohydrogen phosphates. Preliminary results of talc amorphization have also been included. The methodology consists of milling the materials in a high-energy ball mill, where the influence of rotation and time of milling were investigated. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA/DTA, SEM and MAS-NMR. The experimental results explain the slow-release behaviour of the amorphous nanostructured materials in aqueous suspensions, especially the MASNMR spectra, which showed the changes in the chemical environment of the elements analysed. The materials displayed slow-release behaviour for phosphates probably because the aluminium ions in the mineral structure interact more thoroughly with phosphate than potassium or ammonium. Nevertheless, in general, all of the nutrients were released slowly.
Associations of arterial carbon dioxide and arterial oxygen concentrations with hospital mortality after resuscitation from cardiac arrest
Authors: Helmerhorst Hendrik J. F. , Roos-Blom Marie-José , van Westerloo David J. , Abu-Hanna Ameen , de Keizer Nicolette F. , de Jonge Evert 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIntroductionArterial concentrations of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygen (PaO2) during admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) may substantially affect organ perfusion and outcome after cardiac arrest. Our aim was to investigate the independent and synergistic effects of both parameters on hospital mortality.MethodsThis was a cohort study using data from mechanically ventilated cardiac arrest patients in the Dutch National Intensive Care Evaluation (NICE) registry between 2007 and 2012. PaCO2and PaO2levels from arterial blood gas analyses corresponding to the worst oxygenation in the first 24 h of ICU stay were retrieved for analyses. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between hospital mortality and both categorized groups and a spline-based transformation of the continuous values of PaCO2and PaO2.ResultsIn total, 5,258 cardiac arrest patients admitted to 82 ICUs in the Netherlands were included. In the first 24 h of ICU admission, hypocapnia was encountered in 22 %, and hypercapnia in 35 % of included cases. Hypoxia and hyperoxia were observed in 8 % and 3 % of the patients, respectively. Both PaCO2and PaO2had an independent U-shaped relationship with hospital mortality and after adjustment for confounders, hypocapnia and hypoxia were significant predictors of hospital mortality: OR 1.37 (95 % CI 1.17–1.61) and OR 1.34 (95 % CI 1.08–1.66). A synergistic effect of concurrent derangements of PaCO2and PaO2was not observed (P = 0.75).ConclusionsThe effects of aberrant arterial carbon dioxide and arterial oxygen concentrations were independently but not synergistically associated with hospital mortality after cardiac arrest.
Environment-induced Sequential Interconversion of Amphoteric β-1,3-Glucans/Polythiophene Complexes: A Unique System Applicable to a Naked-eye Detectable Fluorogenic pH Probe
Authors: Tamaru Shun-ichi , Hori Kaori , Shinkai Seiji 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The amphoteric curdlan and a cationic polythiophene can form two distinct complexes as a function of medium pH. On the basis of such an environment-induced sequential interconversion of the amphoteric curdlan/polythiophene complex, we have successfully demonstrated the application of the complex as a naked-eye-detectable multicolor fluorogenic pH probe.
Biomembrane-embedded Catalysts for Membrane-associated Protein Labeling on Red Blood Cells
Authors: Yasueda Yuki , Tamura Tomonori , Kuwara Keiko , Takaoka Yousuke , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Membrane proteins play crucial roles in fundamental biological processes. Here, we propose a new chemical strategy to label and characterize membrane proteins on cell surface. In this study, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) is embedded and concentrated on plasma membrane surface (biomembrane-embedded DMAP: BeD), allowing to selectively modify membrane proteins with synthetic probes such as a fluorophore and an affinity tag. We applied this strategy to human red blood cells, which demonstrated that membrane proteins such as PAS-1 and Band-3 were selectively labeled.
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of One-dimensional α-Fe2O3 Nanorods
Authors: Wang Chao , Huang Zhixiong 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
1D α-Fe2O3 nanorods are successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method. The 1D α-Fe2O3 nanorods, evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B, exhibit remarkably enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity as compared to α-Fe2O3 irregular nanoparticles, due to enhanced light absorption and larger surface area.
Case Report: Atypical psychotic onset of type I Arnold-Chiari malformation
Authors: Di Genova Chiara , Charitos Socrates , Ba Gabriella , Viganò Caterina Adele 
Published: September 2015

Introduction: We report a case of type I Arnold-Chiari malformation that is very peculiar because of its particular onset especially characterized by psychiatric symptoms. These symptoms were so prevailing that, for fifteen years, they masked the neurological aspects and the patient was treated with high doses of psychotropic drugs without any benefit. If the Arnold-Chiari malformation had been diagnosed before the development of severe hydro-syringomyelia, the patient could have underwent decompressive neurosurgery which may have improved her quality of life. It is worthwhile to highlight that psychotic symptoms may be caused by this congenital malformation, that typically has an aspecific onset. Therefore it’s important to consider an eventual organic etiology while challenging a resistant clinical picture with unusual presentation.Case description: A 51-year-old woman reported neurological symptoms consisting of headaches, blurred vision, diplopia, tinnitus, vertigo and psychiatric symptoms including obsessive ideas about the fear of killing her son, auditory and visual pseudo-hallucinations. The symptoms had developed suddenly at the age of 35 years and persisted thereafter. She underwent multiple hospitalizations in psychiatric units and was treated with a variety of psychopharmacological approaches without substantial improvement. We performed a brain MRI that identified a type I Arnold-Chiari malformation. We assessed psychiatric symptoms using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I Disorders, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. A tailored psychopharmacological therapy led to a partial improvement in mood and anxiety but not in hallucinations.Discussion: We want to highlight how important is, in everyday psychiatric clinical practice, not to focus only on psychiatric aspects but consider the patient globally, because in this case psychiatric problems were the onset presentation of a rare neurological syndrome.
The Learning Dialogue As a Tool to Educate Primary School Students (by the example of “The Basics of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics” Course)
Authors: Виноградова  , Vinogradova Natalya 
Published: September 2015

The paper concerns one of the active methods to educate primary school children, namely, the learning dialogue. The features of this learning
method, considered as a higher-priority tool for teaching the Basics of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics at primary school are examined.
Ways to learn curriculum materials are described, while it is stated that application of the said ways of learning helps to enhance the role of
learning dialogue in establishing school roles as well as in shaping the students’ educational activities and encourage them to develop their
intellectual abilities and communicative skills.
Higher-Priority Goals of the Russian Language Training at Primary School: Are the Goals Achievable?
Authors: Кузнецова  , Kuznetsova Marina 
Published: September 2015

The paper considers the problem of the Russian language teaching at primary school in the context of requirements, set forth by the Federal State
Educational Standard of Primary General Education (FGOS NOO) of the second generation. It is emphasized, that achievement of the priority
goals is closely related to the goal of making education more practice-oriented, which implies: more active cognitive work with linguistic units;
operating with knowledge gained; mastering the special set of modes of actions. Also described are the features of the test work on the Russian
language discipline, wherein such work is characterized as providing control over the students’ training outcomes at both the basic and the
advanced levels.
Getting Acquainted with the “E” Letter (The Literacy Lesson at the First Grade of Primary School)
Authors: Шишкалова  , Shishkalova N. 
Published: September 2015

The paper describes the possible option for giving a literacy lesson on acquainting the first-graders with the E-letter of the Russian alphabet. The
lesson is structured in terms of literacy teaching technique, developed by D.B. El’konin and based on phonic analysis and efforts to develop skills
to operate with phonic models of words. Possibility to use differentiated approach in teaching grammar to first-graders is highlighted.
Dynamic Valuation of Delinquent Credit-Card Accounts
Authors: Chehrazi Naveed , Weber Thomas A. 
Published: September 2015

This paper introduces a dynamic model of the stochastic repayment behavior exhibited by delinquent credit-card accounts. Based on this model, we construct a dynamic collectability score (DCS) that estimates the account-specific probability of collecting a given portion of the outstanding debt over any given time horizon. The model integrates a variety of information sources, including historical repayment data, account-specific, and time-varying macroeconomic covariates, as well as scheduled account-treatment actions. Two model-identification methods are examined, based on maximum-likelihood estimation and the generalized method of moments. The latter allows for an operational-statistics approach, combining model estimation and performance optimization by tailoring the estimation error to business-relevant loss functions. The DCS framework is applied to a large set of account-level repayment data. The improvements in classification and prediction performance compared to standard bank-internal scoring methods are found to be significant.This paper was accepted by Noah Gans, stochastic models and simulation.
Rectus sheath catheters provide equivalent analgesia to epidurals following laparotomy for colorectal surgery
Authors: Tudor ECG , Yang W , Brown R , Mackey PM 
Published: September 2015

Introduction Rectus sheath catheters (RSCs) are increasingly being used to provide postoperative analgesia following laparotomy for colorectal surgery. Little is known about their efficacy in comparison with epidural infusion analgesia (EIA). They are potentially better as they avoid the recognised complications associated with EIA. This study compares these two methods of analgesia. Outcomes include average pain scores, time to mobilisation and length of stay. Methods This was a 33-month single centre observational study including all patients undergoing elective open or laparoscopic-converted-to-open colorectal resection for both benign and malignant disease. Patients received either EIA or RSCs. Data were collected prospectively and analysed retrospectively. Results A total of 95 patients were identified. Indications for surgery, operation and complications were recorded. The mean time to mobilisation was significantly shorter in patients who had RSCs compared with EIA patients (2.4 vs 3.5 days, p<0.05). There was no difference in postoperative pain scores or length of stay. Conclusions RSCs provide equivalent analgesia to EIA and avoid the recognised potential complications of EIA. They are associated with a shorter time to mobilisation. Their use should be adopted more widely.
Monitoring media regulators’ independence – Evidence-based indicators, Hungarian experience
Authors: Polyák Gábor , Rozgonyi Krisztina 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
It is commonly accepted that the independence of media regulators is essential for ensuring the legitimacy of implemented policies and achieving the objectives of media regulation. However, recent literature has also pointed to the need to consider how accountability of these institutions could and should be provided in the framework of democratic governance mechanisms. In this article we identify three key areas of regulatory performance of media authorities that relate to their accountability to the subjects of regulation and the public. We present our findings in the case on Hungary assessing transparency of the regulator’s work, tendencies in access to market and sanctioning practices based on an extensive review of the regulator’s actual work and decisions. In conclusion we reflect on the function of these areas as indicators in the context of the principal-agent relationship and propose the introduction of enforceable normative criteria in European audio-visual media policy.
The role of media assistance in the establishment of public service broadcasting in Serbia
Authors: Marko Davor 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This article investigates the extent to which Serbian media institutions that have been initiated and supported through media assistance programmes have actually reached a level of sustainability and functionality. Analysing the establishment and transformation of public service broadcasters in Serbia, the author discusses the main achievements, failures and challenges of media assistance programmes that aim to contribute to Serbia’s democratization. As media institutions in transition countries are often designed after similar institutions in Western European democracies, the outcomes regularly differ from the initial model. This article sheds light on the question of what happens to imported models when they are transposed onto the newly evolving media systems of transitional societies using the case of Radio-Television of Serbia.
Comparison of the variable potassium fertilization on light and heavy soils
Authors: Kulczycki Grzegorz , Grocholski Przemyslaw , Stepien Piotr , Michalski Adam 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The present study aims to characterize the effect of the annual potassium variable rates fertilization (VRF) on the content of the soluble K, with this being investigated in both light and heavy soils. The study was performed between 2007 and 2013 in two separate areas differing in the soil texture classes. The initial levels of potassium determined in both experimental areas were classified as very high. The data obtained confirmed the positive effect of the variable fertilization techniques on the equalization of the K contents in the experimental fields, as determined by the decrease in the variance, standard deviation, and range of the elements content in both types of the soils studied. As assumed, the controlled withholding of fertilization applied in the early stages of the experiment resulted in a decrease of K content toward the preferred, medium to optimal, levels. In addition, we found that the progressive initiation of the potassium VRF on the experimental areas, to prevent an excessive decreases, resulted in earlier global adjustment of K contents in the light soils in contrast to the heavy ones, with the final spatial equalization being better in the latter, however.
Supercritical carbon dioxide hops extracts
with antimicrobial properties
Authors: Rój Edward , Tadić Vanja M. , Mišić Dušan , Žižović Irena , Arsić Ivana , Dobrzyńska-Inger Agnieszka , Kostrzewa Dorota 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Extracts obtained from hops (Humulus lupulus L., Cannabaceae) by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), SFE followed by isomerization, as well as by conventional technique, were investigated for their chemical composition and antibacterial activity against selected foodborne pathogens and microorganisms capable to cause the food spoilage. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was compared with the antibacterial activity of xanthohumol, compound known for its broad pharmacological properties, isolated from the raw material remained after the SFE. Xanthohumol (XH, 96%) proved to posses the most prominent activity against all the tested strains, with the MIC values ranged between 2.5 and 20 μg mL-1. Supercritical hops extract and potassium isomerized supercritical hops extract showed strong antibacterial activity against the tested strains as well. Escherichia coli was not affected by the extracts, meaning that their oral admission would not cause the same problem as antibiotic application in intestinal flora. The chemical composition of the investigated hops extracts was analysed by GC-MS. Contents of α-acids, β-acids, iso-α-acids and xanthohumol in the samples were determined by HPLC.