bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corneal Endothelial Cell Characteristics After Pediatric Cataract Surgery
Authors: Ramasubramanian Aparna , Mantagos Iason , Vanderveen Deborah K. 
Published: June 2013

Purpose:
To describe the corneal endothelial cell characteristics after pediatric cataract surgery.

Methods:
Retrospective case series of 29 study eyes and 26 controls were evaluable. Specular microscopy was performed and endothelial cell features were correlated with clinical and surgical features.

Results:

Mean age at testing was 106 months in the study group and 116 months in the control group with a mean interval of 78 months after cataract surgery. Mean endothelial cell density in study eyes was 2,668 cells/mm
2
(control eyes, 3,002 cells/mm
2
,
P
< .01). Mean coefficient of variation was 35% (control eyes, 31%,
P
< .01), and mean percentage of hexagonal cells was 40% (control eyes, 51%,
P
< .01). There was no significant difference based on age, duration since cataract surgery, contact lens use, glaucoma, number of intraocular procedures, or presence of intraocular lens.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates endothelial cell loss with polymegathism and pleomorphism in children undergoing cataract surgery. This poses a risk of developing long-term corneal complications and hence close monitoring of the endothelial cell count is advisable.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50(4):251–254.]
Notch-Regulated Periphery B Cell Differentiation Involves Suppression of E Protein Function
Authors: Zhang Ping , Zhao Ying , Sun Xiao-Hong 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Notch signaling pathway plays important roles in promoting the generation of marginal zone (MZ) B cells at the expense of follicular (FO) B cells during periphery B cell maturation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. We hypothesize that Notch favors the generation of MZ B cells by downregulating E protein activity. In this study, we demonstrated that expression of Id2 and ankyrin-repeat SOCS box-containing protein 2 was elevated in MZ B cells and by Notch signaling. Id2 inhibits the DNA binding activity of E proteins, whereas ankyrin-repeat SOCS box-containing protein 2 facilitates E protein ubiquitination. Next, we examined the phenotypes of splenic B cells in mice expressing constitutively active Notch1 and/or two gain-of-function mutants of E proteins that counteract Id2-mediated inhibition or Notch-induced degradation. We found that upregulation of E proteins promoted the formation of FO B cells, whereas it suppressed the maturation of MZ B cells. In contrast, excessive amounts of Notch1 stimulated the differentiation of MZ B cells and inhibited the production of FO B cells. More interestingly, the effects of Notch1 were reversed by gain of E protein function. Furthermore, high levels of Bcl-6 expression in FO B cells was shown to be diminished by Notch signaling and restored by E proteins. In addition, E proteins facilitated and Notch hindered the differentiation of transitional B cells. Taken together, it appears that Notch regulates peripheral B cell differentiation, at least in part, through opposing E protein function.
Neutrophil Recruitment to the Lung in Both C5a- and CXCL1-Induced Alveolitis Is Impaired in Vitamin D–Binding Protein–Deficient Mice
Authors: Trujillo Glenda , Habiel David M. , Ge Lingyin , Ramadass Mahalakshmi , Cooke Nancy E. , Kew Richard R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractKnowledge of how neutrophils respond to chemotactic signals in a complex inflammatory environment is not completely understood. Moreover, even less is known about factors in physiological fluids that regulate the activity of chemoattractants. The vitamin D–binding protein (DBP) has been shown to significantly enhance chemotaxis to complement activation peptide C5a using purified proteins in vitro, and by ex vivo depletion of DBP in physiological fluids, but this function has not been determined in vivo. DBP null (−/−) mice were used to investigate how a systemic absence of this plasma protein affects leukocyte recruitment in alveolitis models of lung inflammation. DBP−/− mice had significantly reduced (∼50%) neutrophil recruitment to the lungs compared with their wild-type DBP+/+ counterparts in three different alveolitis models, two acute and one chronic. The histology of DBP−/− mouse lungs also showed significantly less injury than wild-type animals. The chemotactic cofactor function of DBP appears to be selective for neutrophil recruitment, but, in contrast to previous in vitro results, in vivo DBP can enhance the activity of other chemoattractants, including CXCL1. The reduced neutrophil response in DBP−/− mice could be rescued to wild-type levels by administering exogenous DBP. Finally, in inflammatory fluids, DBP binds to G-actin released from damaged cells, and this complex may be the active chemotactic cofactor. To our knowledge, results show for the first time that DBP is a significant chemotactic cofactor in vivo and not specific for C5a, suggesting that this ubiquitous plasma protein may have a more significant role in neutrophil recruitment than previously recognized.
Different Modulation of Ptpn22 in Effector and Regulatory T Cells Leads to Attenuation of Autoimmune Diabetes in Transgenic Nonobese Diabetic Mice
Authors: Yeh Li-Tzu , Miaw Shi-Chuen , Lin Ming-Hong , Chou Feng-Cheng , Shieh Shing-Jia , Chuang Yi-Ping , Lin Shih-Hua , Chang Deh-Ming , Sytwu Huey-Kang 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Ptpn22 encodes PEST domain–enriched tyrosine phosphatase (Pep), which negatively regulates TCR proximal signaling and is strongly associated with a variety of autoimmune diseases in humans. The net effect of Pep on the balance of immunity and tolerance is uncertain because of the simultaneous inhibition of TCR-mediated signaling of effector and regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this study, we generated transgenic NOD mice that overexpressed Pep in T cells. The transgenic mice had a significantly lower incidence of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes, which was accompanied by fewer IFN-γ–producing T cells, and an increased ratio of CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs to CD4+IFN-γ+ or to CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells, respectively, in pancreatic islets. Transgenic T cells showed markedly decreased TCR-mediated effector cell responses such as proliferation and Th1 differentiation. By contrast, the inhibitory effect of transgenic Pep on TCR signaling did not affect the differentiation of Tregs or their suppressive activity. Adoptive transfer experiments showed that transgenic splenocytes exhibited attenuated diabetogenic ability. To examine further the pathogenic features of transgenic T cells, we generated Ptpn22/BDC2.5 doubly transgenic mice and found reduced proliferation and Th1 differentiation in CD4+ T lymphocytes with additional Pep in pancreatic lymph nodes but not in inguinal lymph nodes of NOD/SCID recipients. This finding indicates that transgenic Pep attenuates T cell functions in an islet Ag–driven manner. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Pep overexpression in T cells attenuates autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by preferentially modulating TCR signaling–mediated functions in diabetogenic T cells but not in Tregs.
Contrasting Effects of Anti-Ly49A Due to MHC Class I cis Binding on NK Cell–Mediated Allogeneic Bone Marrow Cell Resistance
Authors: Alvarez Maite , Sungur Can M. , Ames Erik , Anderson Stephen K. , Pomeroy Claire , Murphy William J. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
NK subsets have activating and inhibitory receptors that bind MHC-I. Ly49A is a mouse inhibitory receptor that binds with high affinity to H2d in both a cis- and trans-manner. Ly49A cis-associations limit trans-interactions with H2d-expressing targets as well as mAb binding. We demonstrate that cis-interactions affect mAb effector functions. In vivo administration of anti-Ly49A depleted NK cells in H2b but not H2d mice. Despite lack of depletion, in vivo treatment with anti-Ly49A reduced NK killing capabilities and inhibited activation, partially due to its agonistic effect. These data explain the previously described in vivo effects on bone marrow allograft rejection observed with anti-Ly49A treatment in H2d-haplotype mice. However, prior treatment of mice with poly(I:C) or mouse CMV infection resulted in increased Ly49A expression and Ly49A+ NK cell depletion in H2d mice. These data indicate that, although Ly49 mAbs can exert similar in vivo effects in mice with different MHC haplotypes, these effects are mediated via different mechanisms of action correlating with Ly49A expression levels and can be altered within the same strain contingent on stimuli. This illustrates the marked diversity of mAb effector functions due to the regulation of the level of expression of target Ags and responses by stimulatory incidents such as infection.
Viral Infection of the Pregnant Cervix Predisposes to Ascending Bacterial Infection
Authors: Racicot Karen , Cardenas Ingrid , Wünsche Vera , Aldo Paulomi , Guller Seth , Means Robert E. , Romero Roberto , Mor Gil 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPreterm birth is the major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, and bacterial infections that ascend from the lower female reproductive tract are the most common route of uterine infection leading to preterm birth. The uterus and growing fetus are protected from ascending infection by the cervix, which controls and limits microbial access by the production of mucus, cytokines, and antimicrobial peptides. If this barrier is compromised, bacteria may enter the uterine cavity, leading to preterm birth. Using a mouse model, we demonstrate, to our knowledge for the first time, that viral infection of the cervix during pregnancy reduces the capacity of the female reproductive tract to prevent bacterial infection of the uterus. This is due to differences in susceptibility of the cervix to infection by virus during pregnancy and the associated changes in TLR and antimicrobial peptide expression and function. We suggest that preterm labor is a polymicrobial disease, which requires a multifactorial approach for its prevention and treatment.
Influence of Weather on Daily Symptoms of Pain and Fatigue in Female Patients With Fibromyalgia: A Multilevel Regression Analysis
Authors: Bossema Ercolie R. , van Middendorp Henriët , Jacobs Johannes W. G. , Bijlsma Johannes W. J. , Geenen Rinie 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveAlthough patients with fibromyalgia often report that specific weather conditions aggravate their symptoms, empirical studies have not conclusively demonstrated such a relationship. Our aim was to examine the association between weather conditions and daily symptoms of pain and fatigue in fibromyalgia, and to identify patient characteristics explaining individual differences in weather sensitivity.MethodsFemale patients with fibromyalgia (n = 333, mean age 47.0 years, mean time since diagnosis 3.5 years) completed questions on pain and fatigue on 28 consecutive days. Daily weather conditions, including air temperature, sunshine duration, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity, were obtained from the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute. Multilevel regression analysis was applied.ResultsIn 5 (10%) of 50 analyses, weather variables showed a significant but small effect on either pain or fatigue. In 10 analyses (20%), significant, small differences between patients were observed in the random effects of the weather variables, suggesting that symptoms of patients were, to a small extent, differentially affected by some weather conditions, for example, high pain with either low or high atmospheric pressure. These individual differences were explained neither by demographic, functional, or mental patient characteristics, nor by season or weather variation during the assessment period.ConclusionThere is more evidence against than in support of a uniform influence of weather on daily pain and fatigue in female patients with fibromyalgia. Although individuals appear to be differentially sensitive to certain weather conditions, there is no indication that specific patient characteristics play a role in weather sensitivity.
Sex determination of human skeletal populations using latent profile analysis
Authors: Passalacqua Nicholas V. , Zhang Zhen , Pierce Steven J. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTAccurately estimating biological sex from the human skeleton can be especially difficult for fragmentary or incomplete remains often encountered in bioarchaeological contexts. Where typical anatomically dimorphic skeletal regions are incomplete or absent, observers often take their best guess to classify biological sex. Latent profile analysis (LPA) is a mixture modeling technique which uses observed continuous data to estimate unobserved categorical group membership using posterior probabilities. In this study, sex is the latent variable (male and female are the two latent classes), and the indicator variables used here were eight standard linear measurements (long bone lengths, diaphyseal and articular breadths, and circumferences). Mplus (Muthén and Muthén: Mplus user's guide, 6th ed. Los Angeles: Muthén & Muthén, 2010) was used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates for latent class membership from a known sample of individuals from the forensic data bank (FDB) (Jantz and Moore‐Jansen: Database for forensic anthropology in the United States 1962–1991, Ann Arbor, MI: Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research, 2000) (n = 1,831), yielding 87% of correct classification for sex. Then, a simulation extracted 5,000 different random samples of 206 complete cases each from the FDB (these cases also had known sex). We then artificially imposed patterns of missing data similar to that observed in a poorly preserved bioarchaeological sample from Medieval Asturias, Spain (n = 206), and ran LPA on each sample. This tested the efficacy of LPA under extreme conditions of poor preservation (missing data, 42%). The simulation yielded an average of 82% accuracy, indicating that LPA is robust to large amounts of missing data when analyzing incomplete skeletons. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:538–543, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Taxonomic attribution of the La Grive hominoid teeth
Authors: Pérez de los Ríos Miriam , Alba David M. , Moyà‐Solà Salvador 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe two hominoid teeth—a central upper incisor (NMB G.a.9.) and an upper molar (FSL 213981)—from the Middle Miocene site of La Grive‐Saint‐Alban (France) have been traditionally attributed to Dryopithecus fontani (Hominidae: Dryopithecinae). However, during the last decade discoveries in the Vallès‐Penedès Basin (Spain) have shown that several hominoid genera were present in Western Europe during the late Middle Miocene. As a result, the attribution of the dryopithecine teeth from La Grive is not as straightforward as previously thought. In fact, similarities with the upper incisor of Pierolapithecus have led to suggestions that either the latter taxon is present at La Grive, or that it is a junior synonym of Dryopithecus. Here, we re‐describe the La Grive teeth and critically revise their taxonomic assignment based on metrical and morphological comparisons with other Middle to Late Miocene hominoids from Europe and Turkey, with particular emphasis on those from the Vallès‐Penedès Basin. Our results suggest that the I1 differs in several respects from those of Pierolapithecus and Hispanopithecus, so that an attribution to either Dryopithecus or Anoiapithecus (for which this tooth is unknown) seems more likely. The molar, in turn, most likely corresponds to the M1 of a female individual. Compared to other Middle Miocene taxa, its occlusal morphology enables its distinction from Pierolapithecus, whereas relative crown height agrees well with Dryopithecus. Therefore, based on available evidence, we support the traditional attribution of the La Grive hominoid to D. fontani. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:558–565, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Psychoanalysis and El Sistema: Human Development through Music
Authors: Slevin Michael , Slevin Patrick 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTImpoverished communities have traditionally not been the site of either psychoanalysis or classical music. As psychoanalysts look increasingly beyond the consulting room for ways to have an impact on the individual or on society at large, they might profitably engage with and help conceptualize programs like Austin Soundwaves, a United States offshoot of the Venezuelan program, El Sistema. El Sistema promotes human opportunity and development through free classical music education, serving 400,000 children and youth from the barrios of Venezuela. Freud on social justice and Bion on work groups can contribute to this project. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐Assembly of a Halogenated Molecule on Oxide‐Passivated Cu(110)
Authors: El Garah Mohamed , Lipton‐Duffin Josh , MacLeod Jennifer M. , Gutzler Rico , Palmino Frank , Luzet Vincent , Chérioux Frédéric , Rosei Federico 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe supramolecular self‐assembly of brominated molecules was investigated and compared on Cu(110) and Cu(110)O(2×1) surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum. By using scanning tunnelling microscopy, we show that brominated molecules form a disordered structure on Cu(110), whereas a well‐ordered supramolecular network is observed on the Cu(110)O(2×1) surface. The different adsorption behaviors of these two surfaces are described in terms of weakened molecule–substrate interactions on Cu(110)O(2×1) as opposed to bare Cu(110). The effect of oxygen‐passivation is to suppress debromination and it can be a convenient approach for investigating other self‐assembly processes on copper‐based substrates.
A validated silver‐nanoparticle‐enhanced chemiluminescence method for the determination of citalopram in pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma
Authors: Khan Muhammad Naeem , Jan Muhammad Rasul , Shah Jasmin , Lee Sang Hak 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTA simple and sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) method was developed for the determination of citalopram in pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma. The method is based on the enhancement of the weak CL signal of the luminol–H2O2 system. It was found that the CL signal arising from the reaction between alkaline luminol and H2O2 was greatly increased by the addition of silver nanoparticles in the presence of citalopram. Prepared silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Various experimental parameters affecting CL intensity were studied and optimized for the determination of citalopram. Under optimized experimental conditions, CL intensity was found to be proportional to the concentration of citalopram in the range 40–2500 ng/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the devised method were 3.78 and 12.62 ng/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the developed method was found to have excellent reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.65% (n = 7). Potential interference by common excipients was also studied. The method was validated statistically using recovery studies and was successfully applied to the determination of citalopram in the pure form, in pharmaceutical preparations and in spiked human plasma samples. Percentage recoveries were found to range from 97.71 to 101.99% for the pure form, from 97.84 to 102.78% for pharmaceutical preparations and from 95.65 to 100.35% for spiked human plasma. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Easily‐Controlled Chemoselective Hydrogenation by using Palladium on Boron Nitride
Authors: Yabe Yuki , Sawama Yoshinari , Yamada Tsuyoshi , Nagata Saori , Monguchi Yasunari , Sajiki Hironao 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe hydrogenation catalyzed heterogeneously by palladium on boron nitride (Pd/BN) in methanol realized the chemoselective hydrogenation of only azides, alkenes, and alkynes in the presence of other reducible functionalities such as benzyl ethers, aryl halides, aryl ketones, and nitro groups. Furthermore, the totally chemoselective semihydrogenation of alkynes could also be achieved without the reduction of other coexisting reducible functionalities, which include azides and alkenes, by using Pd/BN in pyridine as a solvent.
Immobilization of Yarrowia lipolytica Lipase on Bamboo Charcoal to Resolve (R,S)‐Phenylethanol in Organic Medium
Authors: Zhou X. , Gao Q. , Feng W. , Pan K. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractImmobilization of lipase on bamboo charcoal was confirmed by spectra of FTIR, UV‐Vis, and XPS. Under optimal conditions, the immobilized lipase retains 87 % of the hydrolytic activity of the free lipase. Structural changes of the immobilized lipase were analyzed by circular dichroism and FTIR spectra, indicating that the secondary structure of the lipase was preserved well after immobilization. For catalyzing the enantioselective reaction in heptane, the catalysis efficiency of the immobilized lipase is 1.4 times that of free lipase. Immobilized lipase maintains the selectivity of free lipase.
Chiral Separation of the Clinically Important Compounds Fucose and Pipecolic Acid Using CE: Determination of the Most Effective Chiral Selector
Authors: Hadjistasi Christoforos A. , Stavrou Ioannis J. , Stefan‐Van Staden Raluca‐Ioana , Aboul‐Enein Hassan Y. , Kapnissi‐Christodoulou Constantina P. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, simple electrophoretic methods were developed for the chiral separation of the clinically important compounds fucose and pipecolic acid. In recent years, these analytes, and particularly their individual enantiomers, have attracted considerable attention due to their role in biological functions and disorders. The detectability and sensitivity of pipecolic acid and fucose were improved by reacting them with fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC‐Cl) and 5‐amino‐2‐naphthalene‐sulfonic acid (ANSA), respectively. The enantioseparation conditions were optimized by initially investigating the type of the chiral selector. Different chiral selectors, such as polymeric surfactants and cyclodextrins, were used and the most effective ones were determined with regard to resolution and analysis time. A 10‐mM β‐cyclodextrin was able to separate the enantiomers of ANSA‐DL‐fucose and the polymeric surfactant poly(sodium N‐undecanoyl‐LL‐leucine‐valinate) was able to separate the enantiomers of FMOC‐DL‐pipecolic acid, with resolution values of 3.45 and 2.78, respectively. Additional parameters, such as the concentration and the pH of the background electrolyte (BGE), the concentration of the chiral selector, and the addition of modifiers were examined in order to optimize the separations. The addition of the chiral ionic liquid D‐alanine tert‐butyl ester lactate into the BGE was also investigated, for the first time, in order to improve resolution of the enantiomers. Chirality 25:556–560, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modeling Effects of Gas Sources on Gas Hydrate Formation in the Northern South China Sea
Authors: Zhen‐Quan LU , Jia‐Xiong HE , Chun‐Shuang JIN , Hui LIU , You‐Hai ZHU , Sheng‐Xiong YANG , Guang‐Xue ZHANG , Xia HUANG , Ping‐Kang WANG 
Published: June 2013

AbstractGeological factors affecting gas hydrate formation and distribution are different horizontally and vertically in the northern slope of the South China Sea such as the Shenhu area. Whether variation of gas sources is an important resultant factor is worth exploring. In this paper, 14 cases of gas source are summarized on the base of existing data and a semi‐quantitative analysis is conducted by modeling to study their effects on gas hydrate formation in the northern South China Sea. Modeling results show that various gas sources will enhance temperature conditions for gas hydrate formation by 0.49°C to 5.44°C, mostly by more than 2°C, with respect to known gas hydrate in the Shenhu area. This indicates that various gas sources greatly change gas hydrate formation conditions, suggesting that they are probably important factors to affect gas hydrate formation and distribution in the northern South China Sea.