bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upregulation of eIF5B controls cell-cycle arrest and specific developmental stages
Authors: Lee Sooncheol , Truesdell Samuel S. , Bukhari Syed I. A. , Lee Ju Huck , LeTonqueze Olivier , Vasudevan Shobha 
Published: September 2014

Significance
This study uncovers a critical role for a general translation factor in specific developmental stages, including immature oocytes and ES cells, and during growth-factor deprivation of mammalian cells, which induces the transition to cell-cycle arrest. These conditions alter and decrease general translation yet maintain ongoing translation. We reveal upregulation of the eukaryotic translation factor 5B (eIF5B), which becomes essential for general translation, specifically in these conditions. Importantly, our data demonstrate that eIF5B controls these cell-cycle transition and developmental stages, promoting oocyte maturation and inhibiting cell-cycle arrest. These findings underscore the importance of translational regulation in cell-cycle transitions and development.
Spectroscopic study on the beryllium abundances of red giant stars
Authors: Takeda Yoichi , Tajitsu Akito 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
An extensive spectroscopic study was carried out for the beryllium abundances of 200 red giants (mostly of late G- and early K-type), which were determined from the near-UV Be ii 3131.066 line based on high-dispersion spectra obtained by Subaru/High Dispersion Spectrograph, with an aim of investigating the nature of surface Be contents in these evolved giants; e.g., dependence upon stellar parameters, degree of peculiarity along with its origin and build-up timing. We found that Be is considerably deficient (to widely different degrees from star to star) in the photosphere of these evolved giants by ∼ 1–3 dex (or more) compared to the initial abundance. While the resulting Be abundances [A(Be)] appear to depend weakly upon Teff, log g, [Fe/H], M, age, and ve sin i, this may be attributed to the metallicity dependence of A(Be) coupled with the mutual correlation between these stellar parameters, since such tendencies almost disappear in the metallicity-scaled Be abundance ([Be/Fe]). By comparing the Be abundances (as well as their correlations with Li and C) to the recent theoretical predictions based on sophisticated stellar evolution calculations, we concluded that such a considerable extent/diversity of Be deficit is difficult to explain only by the standard theory of first dredge-up in the envelope of red giants, and that some extra mixing process (such as rotational or thermohaline mixing) must be responsible, which presumably starts to operate already in the main-sequence phase. This view is supported by the fact that appreciable Be depletion is seen in less evolved intermediate-mass B–A type stars near to the main sequence.
Super-resolution imaging with radio interferometry using sparse modeling
Authors: Honma Mareki , Akiyama Kazunori , Uemura Makoto , Ikeda Shiro 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWe propose a new technique to obtain super-resolution images with radio interferometry using sparse modeling. In standard radio interferometry, sampling of (u, v) is quite often incomplete and thus obtaining an image from observed visibilities becomes an underdetermined problem, and a technique of so-called “zero-padding” is often used to fill up unsampled grids in the (u, v) plane, resulting in image degradation by finite beam size as well as numerous side-lobes. In this paper we show that directly solving such an underdetermined problem based on sparse modeling (in this paper, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, known as LASSO) avoids the above problems introduced by zero-padding, leading to super-resolution images in which structure finer than the standard beam size (diffraction limit) can be reproduced. We present results of one-dimensional and two-dimensional simulations of interferometric imaging, and discuss its implications for super-resolution imaging, particularly focusing on imaging of black hole shadows with millimeter VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry).
Distraction Analgesia in Chronic Pain Patients
Authors: Schreiber Kristin L. , Campbell Claudia , Martel Marc O. , Greenbaum Seth , Wasan Ajay D. , Borsook David , Jamison Robert N. , Edwards Robert R. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background:
Diverting attention away from noxious stimulation (i.e., distraction) is a common pain-coping strategy. Its effects are variable across individuals, however, and the authors hypothesized that chronic pain patients who reported higher levels of pain catastrophizing would derive less pain-reducing benefit from distraction.

Methods:
Chronic pain patients (n = 149) underwent psychometric and quantitative sensory testing, including assessment of the temporal summation of pain in the presence and absence of a distracting motor task.

Results:
A simple distraction task decreased temporal summation of pain overall, but, surprisingly, a greater distraction analgesia was observed in high catastrophizers. This enhanced distraction analgesia in high catastrophizers was not altered when controlling for current pain scores, depression, anxiety, or opioid use (analysis of covariance [ANCOVA]: F = 8.7, P < 0.005). Interestingly, the magnitude of distraction analgesia was inversely correlated with conditioned pain modulation (Pearson R = −0.23, P = 0.005).

Conclusion:
Distraction produced greater analgesia among chronic pain patients with higher catastrophizing, suggesting that catastrophizing’s pain-amplifying effects may be due in part to greater attention to pain, and these patients may benefit from distraction-based pain management approaches. Furthermore, these data suggest that distraction analgesia and conditioned pain modulation may involve separate underlying mechanisms.
The Effects of Expanding Public Insurance to Rural Low‐Income Childless Adults
Authors: Burns Marguerite E. , Dague Laura , DeLeire Thomas , Dorsch Mary , Friedsam Donna , Leininger Lindsey Jeanne , Palmucci Gaston , Schmelzer John , Voskuil Kristen 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveThis study measures the change in health care use after enrollment into a new public insurance program for low‐income childless adults.Data Sources/Study SettingThe data sources include claims from a large integrated health system in rural Wisconsin and Medicaid enrollment files, January 2007–September 2012.Study DesignWe employ a regression discontinuity design to measure the causal effect of public insurance enrollment on counts of outpatient, emergency department, and inpatient events for 2 years following enrollment for a sample of previously uninsured low‐income adults in rural Wisconsin.Principal FindingsPublic insurance enrollment led to substantial increases in outpatient visits including preventive visits, but not mental health visits. Public insurance enrollment also led to increases in inpatient stays, but the study is inconclusive on whether it led to an increase in ED visits.ConclusionsPublic insurance expansions to childless adults have the potential to impact the use of health care. The large increase in Medicaid coverage and reduction in rates of uninsurance anticipated to result from the Affordable Care Act should increase the use of inpatient and outpatient services, but they will have an uncertain impact on the use of ED among rural populations.
Pseudodominant inheritance in a family with nonautoimmune hypothyroidism due to biallelic DUOX2 mutations
Authors: Abe Kiyomi , Narumi Satoshi , Suwanai Ayuko S. , Hamajima Takashi , Hasegawa Tomonobu 
Published: September 2014

SummaryObjectivesMutations in the dual oxidase 2 gene (DUOX2) is the most common genetic cause of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in Japan. All previously described DUOX2 mutation‐carrying families have followed autosomal recessive inheritance. We report a nonconsanguineous Japanese family harbouring biallelic DUOX2 mutations, which presented an apparently dominant inheritance of nonautoimmune hypothyroidism.Design and methodsThe proband and her two sisters had been diagnosed as having CH on newborn screening and were treated with levothyroxine. Their mother had subclinical hypothyroidism. We sequenced DUOX2 in the proband and her family members. Pathogenicity of the identified novel mutation (p.Y1347C) was verified in vitro.ResultsWe found that the proband and her sisters were compound heterozygous for a novel DUOX2 mutation p.Y1347C and a previously reported functional variant p.H678R. Unexpectedly, we found that the mother was homozygous for p.H678R. Expression experiments showed that the p.Y1347C mutant had reduced H2O2‐producing activity, although there was no significant difference in the level of protein expression or localization, between wild type and p.Y1347C.ConclusionsWe report a DUOX2 mutation‐carrying pedigree presenting pseudodominant inheritance of nonautoimmune hypothyroidism. We speculate that the relatively high frequency of DUOX2 mutations could lead to pseudodominant inheritance in Japan.
Papilla dimension and soft tissue level after early vs. delayed placement of single‐tooth implants: 10‐year results from a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Schropp Lars , Isidor Flemming 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimTo present the10‐year esthetic outcome data for single‐tooth implants placed early or delayed after tooth extraction.Material and MethodsForty‐four patients randomly allocated to two equal size groups were treated with a single‐tooth implant approximately 10 days (Ea; N = 22), or 3 months (De; N = 22) after tooth extraction. Healing abutments were mounted after 3 months of submerged healing, and metal–ceramic crowns cemented after one additional month. Presence of buccal bone defects was registered at the second‐stage surgery. Patients attended control visits 1 week and 1–1.5 years after mounting of the crown and 5 and 10 years after implant placement. Marginal bone level at the implant and the adjacent teeth as well as the distance between the implant and the teeth were measured in standardized periapical radiographs. The papilla dimension and clinical crown height (CCH) were assessed on clinical photographs by an experienced prosthodontist.ResultsTwo Ea and one De implants failed to osseointegrate. Twenty‐eight patients (13 Ea and 15 De) who attended all four control visits were included in the data analysis. Complete papilla fill interproximally was achieved in one‐third of the cases and an appropriate clinical crown height in <60% after 10 years. Although not statistically significant, early‐placed implants tended to be superior to delayed‐placed implants regarding soft tissue appearance just after crown delivery and after 10 years. An improvement in papilla dimensions was seen during the follow‐up period for both groups while the CCH was unchanged. The implant region (anterior vs. posterior) did not significantly influence the papilla or CCH scores while younger patients (<50 years of age) received significantly better papilla scores than older patients (≥50 years). An apically located bone level at the tooth neighboring the implant influenced negatively the papilla dimension. In contrast, the presence of a bone defect buccally to the implant at second‐stage surgery did not have a negative impact on the CCH 10 years after implant placement.ConclusionEarly placement of single‐tooth implants after tooth extraction performed equally to delayed placement in regard to the esthetic outcome of the soft tissues after 10 years in function.
New 3D technologies applied to assess the long‐term clinical effects of misfit of the full jaw fixed prosthesis on dental implants
Authors: Jokstad Asbjørn , Shokati Babak 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectivesTo assess implant:suprastructure misfit in patients with an edentulous jaw restored by an implant‐retained fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) and its association with biologic and mechanical adverse events over an extensive period.Material and methodsThirty patients with an edentulous mandible treated with implant‐supported prosthetics before 2000 were examined clinically in 2012. Each patient had received 4 to 6 implants to retain a FDP made from acrylic and three different metal alloys, that is, Ag‐Pd, Pd‐Ag, and Au type IV. The implant intra‐oral locations were recorded digitally by use of an intra‐oral scanner, and the intaglio surface of the detached FDP was recorded using a desktop scanner. The fit was estimated by digital matching of the STL files using industrial metrological software. The average misfit was correlated with the average marginal bone loss and the prevalence of screw loosening or fractures, using the patient as the statistical unit.ResultsOver an average of 19 years (range 12 to 32), 5 implants had been lost in 4 participants (96.7% implant survival) and 8 eight prostheses (26.7%) had been remade. Anaverage misfit was 150 μm (SD 35, range 95–232, CI 138–163). An average marginal bone loss of 2.2 mm (SD = 0.7) had occurred (range 0.6 to 5.8 mm) for individual implants. The correlation between framework misfit and marginal bone loss was weak (R² = 0.04) (P = 0.29). The prostheses with a history of screw‐related adverse events showed average misfit of 169 μm (SD = 32) vs. those with no history of screw‐related adverse events, that is, 134 μm (SD = 30) (P = 0.005, Student's t‐test). Fourteen of the 30 participants had experienced at least one incidence of screw loosening or fracture of prosthetic or abutment screw(s) over the period of follow‐up. The occurrence among the frameworks fabricated with different metal alloys did not differ (P > 0.05, Fisher's exact test).ConclusionsCombining STL files with best‐fit algorithms to appraise misfit is feasible using metrological software. The effect of misfit between the superstructures on its supporting implants up to ~230 μm on the long‐term clinical outcomes appears to be minor, apart from a slightly higher risk of screw‐related adverse events.
Xeroderma pigmentosum: diagnostisches Vorgehen, interdisziplinäre Patientenversorgung und neue Therapieansätze
Authors: Lehmann Janin , Schubert Steffen , Emmert Steffen 
Published: September 2014

ZusammenfassungXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) ist eine autosomal‐rezessiv vererbte Erkrankung, welche durch einen Defekt in der Nukleotid‐Exzisions‐Reparatur oder der transläsionalen DNA‐Synthese gekennzeichnet ist. Bereits mit acht Jahren entwickeln Patienten, die an XP leiden, aufgrund ihres DNA‐Reparaturdefekts den ersten Hautkrebs. Dies steht im Gegensatz zur mitteleuropäischen Allgemeinbevölkerung, bei der die ersten Hauttumoren in UV‐exponierten Hautarealen mit durchschnittlich 60 Jahren auftreten. Das klinische Bild von Patienten mit XP ist hochgradig divers und schließt Zeichen der vorzeitigen Hautalterung, alle Arten UV‐induzierter Hauttumoren, ophthalmologische und neurologische Symptome ein. Betroffene sollten daher interdisziplinär von verschiedenen Fachbereichen gleichzeitig betreut werden. Dies umfasst die Dermatologie, Augenheilkunde, Hals‐, Nasen‐ und Ohrenheilkunde, die Neurologie sowie die Humangenetik. Die Diagnose XP wird klinisch gestellt und kann durch molekular‐genetische und funktionelle Untersuchungen unterstützt werden. So wird der krankheitsauslösende Gendefekt (Komplementationsgruppe und Art und Lage der Mutation[en]) exakt bestimmt. Dies ist bereits heute für die Abschätzung des weiteren Krankheitsverlaufes relevant und wird in der Zukunft wohl auch für eine individualisierte Behandlung bedeutsam. Kürzlich konnte gezeigt werden, dass bestimmte Antibiotika Stop‐Kodon‐Mutationen im XPC‐Gen überkommen können und resultierendes Volllängen‐XPC‐Protein die zelluläre Reparaturfunktion deutlich erhöht.
Skin disorders in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gkogkolou Paraskevi , Böhm Markus 
Published: September 2014

SummaryDiabetes mellitus is one of the most common diseases in industrialized Western countries with about 300 million affected patients worldwide. The hyperglycemic state of diabetes mellitus leads to changes in almost every human cell type and organ. Skin changes are considered the most common manifestations of diabetes mellitus. As skin changes can manifest before onset of diabetes mellitus, they may have a diagnostic relevance. Other cutaneous manifestations develop during the course of diabetes mellitus and may be associated with complications in internal organs or may occur as an adverse effect of antidiabetic therapy. In particular, the presence of the diabetic foot syndrome is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality of diabetes patients as well as with markedly elevated direct and indirect costs for the health care system. In this article the most common skin diseases of patients with diabetes mellitus as well as their pathophysiology and current treatment are reviewed.
The role of human 6‐sulfo LacNAc dendritic cells (slanDCs) in autoimmunity and tumor diseases
Authors: Döbel Thomas , Schäkel Knut 
Published: September 2014

SummaryDendritic cells play a central role in the regulation of immunological reactivity. The existence of functionally specialized populations of dendritic cells in the skin is a consequence of qualitatively different attacks on our organism. slanDCs are human inflammatory dendritic cells that are characterized by the specific expression of the carbohydrate 6‐sulfo LacNAc (slan). After phenotypic maturation, slanDCs are capable of producing very high amounts of proinflammatory mediators such as IL‐12, TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐23. Recent data describe a potential role of slanDCs in a number of different diseases like psoriasis, lupus erythematosus, and tumors, thus opening up new areas of research on their respective pathogenesis. Furthermore, a slanDC‐specific targeting system has been developed as a basis for direct therapeutic manipulation. Future challenges of slanDC research include deepening our understanding of the significance of slanDCs in the regulation of adaptive and innate immune responses, as well as translating this knowledge into therapeutic options.
Seafood allergy in cooks: a case series and review of the literature
Authors: Dickel Heinrich , Bruckner Thomas , Altmeyer Peter , Künzlberger Beate 
Published: September 2014

SummaryBackgroundSeafood is a very potent allergen. Epidemiological studies of seafood allergy in the highly exposed cooking profession are lacking. The objective of this first case series was to demonstrate the high relevance and consequences of seafood allergy in cooks.Patients und MethodsRetrospective analysis of all the case files sent in which the presence of an occupational disease according to no. 5101 of the appendix of the German ordinance on industrial disease was to be clarified.ResultsThirty cooks (men 70 %) with an occupational seafood allergy were assessed between January 2008 and April 2014. Seafood allergy was observed in young workers (median age 24.7 yrs.) with an early manifestation of the disease (after median employment time of 1.7 years). In all except one (96.7 %) onset was localized on the hands. Most commonly documented were immediate sensitizations to cod, salmon, trout, and herring. Emergency treatment due to an anaphylactic shock at the workplace became necessary in 5 cases (16.7 %). In 27 cases (90 %) discontinuation of occupation was needed and occurred after a median job period of 6.3 years.ConclusionsSeafood allergy in cooks is mostly characterized by a quick progressive course of disease, generally at the start of the cooking career. The prognosis for continuance in occupation is poor and an occupational disease must be considered at an early stage. An emergency kit with an epinephrine auto‐injector should be provided for life by the responsible accident insurer.
Influence of diabetes mellitus on tissue response to MTA and its ability to stimulate mineralization
Authors: Gomes‐Filho João Eduardo , de Azevedo Queiroz Índia Olinta , Watanabe Simone , da Silva Santos Ludmilla Mota , Lodi Carolina Simonetti , Okamoto Robertta , Ervolino Edilson , Dezan Elói , Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimTo evaluate the influence of diabetes mellitus on the tissue response to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and its ability to stimulate mineralization.MethodsTwenty‐four male Wistar rats were divided into a non‐diabetic control group and another with Alloxan‐induced diabetes. Two polyethylene tubes, one kept empty as a control and the other containing Angelus MTA®, were implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of all rats for 30 days. Animals in each group received injections of calcein, alizarin, and oxytetracycline on day 7, 14, and 21, respectively. Animals were killed after 30 days; specimens were prepared by staining with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and von Kossa technique as well as for examination of unstained sections with polarized light and fluorescence microscopy.ResultsThe inflammatory reaction to the implanted tubes was equally mild in both groups. Structures staining with von Kossa were seen in response to Angelus MTA®, as were birefringent structures visualized on polarized light analysis; these had no relation to diabetic condition (P < 0.05). Fluorescence intensity was not changed in diabetic rats either (P < 0.05).ConclusionDiabetes mellitus did not influence the tissue response to Angelus MTA® or the mineralization stimulated by it.
Treatment patterns and short‐term outcomes in an early intervention youth mental health service
Authors: Cross Shane P.M. , Hermens Daniel F. , Hickie Ian B. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimEarly intervention mental health services tailored for young people are being developed across the world, yet reports on service use patterns and short‐term clinical outcomes for the clinically diverse group accessing these services are very limited. The current study employed the clinical staging model to examine whether young people within the two clinical stages that precede full‐threshold disorder (stage 1a and stage 1b) differed in terms of treatments received and short‐term symptomatic and functional outcomes.MethodsEight hundred ninety young people aged 12–25 years seeking mental healthcare within a 12‐month period were analysed in this study.ResultsAttenuated syndrome (stage 1b) patients used significantly more services than help‐seeking (stage 1a) patients, including significantly higher rates of psychotropic medication prescription (9.3% vs. 43.6%). Stage 1a patients started with significantly lower levels of psychological distress and significantly higher levels of functioning at service entry and showed improvement only in psychological distress over 10 sessions. Despite using significantly more services, stage 1b patients remained impaired on both measures after 10 sessions; however, they showed some modest improvements in their levels of psychological distress and functioning over this time.ConclusionPatients with attenuated syndromes have treatment patterns and clinical outcomes not dissimilar to those with more severe mental disorders and therefore require more intensive interventions provided over a longer time period in order to achieve recovery. The staging model allows services to selectively allocate their limited resources towards those patients with greater care needs. More research into the unique treatment needs and longer term outcomes of this diverse patient group is supported.