bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Vasopressors on Free Flap Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Le John Philip , Truong Nguyen , Newland Mary , Lorenz F. Jeffrey , Goyal Neerav 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare free flap outcomes between those who received and did not receive vasopressors (VPs) at the time of free flap reconstruction.Study DesignThis retrospective cohort study includes patients from January 2013 to January 2023.SettingThis multicenter cohort study utilized data from the TriNetX Research Network which includes 80 health care organizations.MethodsHead and neck cancer patients older than 18 years who underwent free flap reconstruction were separated into those who received or did not receive VPs on the day of surgery. The primary outcomes were flap failure defined by need for secondary free flap procedures, blood vessel repair, and other flap revision procedures.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, 7446 patients were analyzed. The VP group included 3723 patients (mean age [SD], 62.9 [11.4] years; 2511 males [67.4%]). The non‐VP group included 3723 patients (mean age [SD], 63.0 [11.2] years; 2479 males [66.6%]). Free flap outcomes were not statistically different between groups (secondary free flap: 166 [4.5%] VP vs 155 [4.2%] non‐VP, P = .04; vessel repair: 314 [8.4%] vs 319 [8.6%], P = .06; other flap revision procedures: 416 [11.2%] vs 449 [12.1%], P = .02). Bony flaps were found to have decreased rates of vessel repair in the VP group (47 [6.1%] vs 69 [9.0%], P = .003]. For secondary outcomes, pneumonia (173 [4.6%] vs 231 [6.2%], P = .0002), urinary tract infection (34 [1.0%] vs 59 [1.6%], P = .0007), and deep vein thrombosis (93 [2.5%] vs 122 [3.3%], P = .004) were significantly different.ConclusionVP use is not significantly associated with free flap complications. These results imply that VP use on the same day as surgery may be safe if clinically necessary.
Addressing the Neck: An NCDB Study of Clinically Node‐Negative Supraglottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Barry Elsie , Schmidt Kelly L. , Topf Michael C. , Tassone Patrick 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveIdentify the proportion of patients undergoing elective neck dissection (END) in surgically managed supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa), assess associations between patient, tumor, and treatment factors with END, and assess associations between neck management and overall survival (OS).Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingNational Cancer Database (NCDB) 2019 Participant User File.MethodsPatients with previously untreated, clinically node‐negative (cN0) supraglottic SCCa treated with partial laryngectomy were queried from NCDB. Patients without known neck management and who underwent total laryngectomy were excluded. Patient and tumor factors associated with END were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Univariable Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to examine associations between patient factors and OS, and factors with P < .05 were included on multivariable analysis.ResultsA total of 1352 patients met eligibility criteria. Eight hundred eleven (60%) patients had END performed with occult nodal metastasis identified in 177 (22%) patients. END was more likely to be performed at academic centers than nonacademic centers (odds ratio: [1.66], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32‐2.09, P < .001). On multivariable analysis, patients who underwent adjuvant radiation had worse OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.13‐3.29, P = .017). END was associated with improved OS overall on univariable analysis (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69‐0.98, P = .026), but not on multivariable analysis.ConclusionIn this NCDB study, 22% of cN0 supraglottic SCCa patients had occult nodal metastatic disease. Despite this, 40% of patients do not receive END at the time of primary resection. Patients who receive END for supraglottic SCCa are more likely to avoid adjuvant radiation without impacting OS.
One facile route to prepare high‐performance radiation resistant EPDM rubber composites through graphite modification technology
Authors: Jiang Shengnan , Zhang Runqi , Ding Shuqiang , Yang Shangyi , Wang Hongzhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractModification and improvement of aging resistance in nuclear power environment for the ethylene‐propylene‐diene (EPDM) rubber has been attracting the attention of scientists. In this article, graphite modified EPDM composites (ultrafine graphite [UG]/EPDM) were prepared, and effect of graphite with sizes of 13, 2.6, and 1.3 μm on the processability, vulcanization parameters, mechanical properties, stability of radiation aging of EPDM composites were investigated, respectively. The results showed that EPDM rubber was an irradiated crosslinked polymer. The Mooney viscosity and crosslinking density of EPDM gradually increased with increasing graphite content under the effect of physical and chemical cross‐linking of graphite. The lamellar structure of graphite particles in the rubber matrix is beneficial to improvement of the mechanical properties and aging resistance of the EPDM composites and play a reinforcing role, and the sp2 hybrid structure of graphite can trap and quench free radicals, delayed the irradiation aging of EPDM. UG/EPDM composites irradiation stability was improved with increasing graphite dispersion in EPDM matrix. Under the cumulative irradiation dose of 1000 kGy, the tensile strength of blank sample and UG‐2.6 μm−10 decreased by 51.1% and 17.7%, respectively, and the hardness increased by 8.7% and 4.9%, respectively. The energy storage modulus and the corresponding glass transition temperature (Tg) of UG/EPDM composites enhanced with graphite, while the thermal stability of the composites was improved.
Azacitidine treatment for myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome: A nationwide retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Kato Shota , Nakashima Kentaro , Yamato Genki , Saito Shoji , Taneyama Yuichi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Miyamura Takako , Kato Keisuke , Sato Yuya , Yamada Ai , Kamiya Takahiro , Nishikawa Takuro , Uemura Suguru , Tomizawa Daisuke , Moritake Hiroshi , Terui Kiminori , Taga Takashi , Hasegawa Daisuke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHypomethylating agent treatment for myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome (ML‐DS) has been scarcely reported. Herein, we collected information on azacitidine treatment for ML‐DS in Japan. Forty‐eight cycles of azacitidine treatment were performed for 12 patients, including 11 relapsed or refractory (R/R) patients. In 40 cycles, azacitidine was used as monotherapy. No azacitidine‐related death was observed. One cycle concurrently administered with methotrexate‐based intrathecal therapy was discontinued due to toxicities. Only 4 of the 19 cycles given in non‐remission achieved complete or partial remission. In conclusion, although most toxicities were acceptable, azacitidine monotherapy might be insufficient for R/R ML‐DS cases.
Chromium adsorption efficiency by functional polymeric nanocomposite membrane: A case study for environmental sustainability
Authors: Prabhakar Shanu , Singh Jitendra Pratap , Kumar Kamal , Prasad Shiv Govind , Roy Debmalya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe have designed and developed nonwoven fabric supported electrospun polymeric nanofibrous‐based membrane for robust filtration system for ecological sustainability of clean water. The fabricated nanocomposites filters were tested for the removal of chromium (VI) toxic heavy metal ions from contaminated feedstock water. The interpenetrating network like morphological structure obtained from pure and composite nanofibers‐based membranes have been thoroughly investigated to understand the structure–properties of highly entangled system. It has been found that incorporating functional moieties onto nanocomposite membranes significantly impacts the absorption efficiency of toxic metals. The pore sizes of the hierarchical geometries have been varied to insight into its impact on flow rate and efficiency of filtration. The strategy of interfacing the multifunctional composite polyethylene terephthalate nanofiber membrane supported on nonwoven fabric to generate heterostructures has found to provide mechanically stable platform for efficient metal ion removal. It has been found by BET surface area analysis that the nanofibers reinforced with functional nanomaterials has controlled pore geometry compared to pristine PET electrospun nanofibers which lead to higher absorption of metal ions. We have highlighted the importance of mechanically stable electrospun polymeric nanofibers membrane‐based mitigation strategies to meet the huge demand of potable water for long‐term environmental sustainability.Highlights
Mechanically toughened freestanding nanofibers mat supported on nonwoven fabric.
Functionally upgrade nanofibers by incorporation of carbon based nanofillers.
Controlled porosity by morphological optimization for removal of contaminates.
Resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors in giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida)
Authors: Faleco Felipe A. , Machado Filipi M. , Bobadilla Lucas K. , Tranel Patrick J. , Stoltenberg David , Werle Rodrigo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDGiant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) is one of the most troublesome weed species in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cropping systems. Following numerous reports in 2018 of suspected herbicide resistance in several Ambrosia trifida populations from Wisconsin, our objective was to characterize the response of these accessions to acetolactate synthase (ALS), enolpyruvyl shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS), and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors applied POST.RESULTSFour accessions (AT1, AT4, AT6, and AT10) exhibited ≥ 50% plant survival after exposure to the cloransulam 3× rate. Two accessions (AT8 and AT10) and one accession (AT2) exhibited ≥ 50% plant survival after exposure to glyphosate and fomesafen 1× rates, respectively. The AT10 accession exhibited multiple resistance to cloransulam and glyphosate. The AT12 accession was 28.8‐fold resistant to fomesafen and 3.7‐fold resistant to lactofen. A codon change in PPX2 conferring a R98L substitution was identified as the most likely mechanism conferring PPO‐inhibitor resistance.CONCLUSIONTo our knowledge, this is the first confirmed case of PPO‐inhibitor resistance in Ambrosia trifida globally and we identified the genetic mutation likely conferring resistance. Proactive and diversified integrated weed management strategies are of paramount importance for sustainable long‐term Ambrosia trifida management. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Trifolirhizin reduces osteoclast formation and prevents inflammatory osteolysis by inhibiting RANKL‐induced activation of NF‐κB and MAPK signaling pathways and ROS
Authors: Huang Jian , Song Dezhi , Xu Minglian , Gan Kai , Wang Chaofeng , Chen Liuyuan , Huang Qian , Chen Junchun , Su Yuangang , Xu Jiake , Zhao Jinmin , Liu Qian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInflammatory osteolysis is often caused by the excessive activation of osteoclasts stimulated by bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide. The natural flavonoid trifolirhizin (TRI) has anti‐inflammatory properties; however, its function in inflammatory bone lysis remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the potential regulatory mechanisms of TRI in osteoclasts.Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, acid secretion assays, podosomal actin belt fluorescence staining, and bone resorption assays were used to investigate the effects of TRI on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. A reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement kit was used to detect the effect of TRI on ROS levels in osteoclasts. The effects of TRI on genes and signaling pathways related to osteoclast differentiation were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. A mouse model of lipopolysaccharide‐mediated inflammatory osteolysis was established, and the effects of TRI treatment on bone mass were observed using micro‐CT and histological examination. Mechanistically, TRI reduced ROS production by inhibiting receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL)‐induced activation of the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and by upregulating the expression levels of the anti‐ROS enzymes heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) and catalase (CAT), which contributed to the degradation of ROS, ultimately leading to a decrease in osteoclastogenesis. TRI inhibited osteoclast formation and ameliorated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐mediated inflammatory osteolysis. Thus, TRI may be a candidate agent for anti‐inflammatory osteolysis.
Enhancing qualification via the use of diagnostics and prognostics techniques
Authors: Ram Abhishek , Das Diganta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractQualification is a process that demonstrates whether a product meets or exceeds specified requirements. Testing and data analysis performed within a qualification procedure should verify that products satisfy those requirements, including reliability requirements. Most of the electronics industry qualifies products using procedures dictated within qualification standards. A review of common qualification standards reveals that those standards do not consider customer requirements or the product physics‐of‐failure in that intended application. As a result, qualification, as represented in the reviewed qualification standards, would not meet our definition of qualification for reliability assessment. This paper introduces the application of diagnostics and prognostics techniques to analyze real‐time data trends while conducting qualification tests. Diagnostics techniques identify anomalous behavior exhibited by the product, and prognostics techniques forecast how the product will behave during the remainder of the qualification test and how the product would have behaved if the test continued. As a result, combining diagnostics and prognostics techniques can enable the prediction of the remaining time‐to‐failure for the product undergoing qualification. Several ancillary benefits related to an improved testing strategy, parts selection and management, and support of a prognostics and health management system in operation also arise from applying prognostics and diagnostics techniques to qualification.
Estimation of real‐time reachable set on nonlinear time‐delay switched singular systems with state jump
Authors: Feng Zhiguang , Zhang Xinyue , Liu Jason J. R. , Jiang Zhengyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article addresses the real‐time reachable set problem on nonlinear time‐delay switched singular systems with state jump, which is subject to initial state and peak‐bound disturbance. Initially, based on the system state decomposition method, a state jump lemma is proposed, which combines the nonlinear function and the system state at the switching instant. Then, a real‐time bounded lemma is developed, premised on using the idea of average dwell‐time and analyzing subinterval function changes. Afterwards, the sufficient conditions for estimating the real‐time and nonreal‐time reachable set are established, which ensures that the reachable state of system can be restricted within a real‐time or nonreal‐time closed set. Finally, simulation results of the typical Direct Current boost chopper are performed to exhibit the effectiveness of the devised estimation scheme for the real‐time reachable set of system.
A Diagnostic Challenge of Tongue Botryomycosis Miming Mycetoma—A Case Report
Authors: Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Ahmed Ayman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Botryomycosis of the tongue is a rare chronic bacterial infection that presents as nodular masses, mimicking other infectious or neoplastic conditions such as mycetoma. A case of an 80-year-old male was presented with painless swelling on the right lateral side of his tongue to the outpatient clinic. Biopsy and microbiological investigations revealed an unexpected Staphylococcus aureus-related botryomycosis. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge for unusual clinical presentations of bacterial infections. Healthcare providers in countries endemic with diseases that manifest similarly should investigate thoroughly to ensure a positive clinical outcome through early diagnosis and effective case management.
In Situ Defect Engineering of Fe‐MIL for Self‐Enhanced Peroxidase‐Like Activity
Authors: Cai Yujia , Wu Yu , Tang Yinjun , Xu Weiqing , Chen Yifei , Su Rina , Fan Yuexi , Jiang Wenxuan , Wen Yating , Gu Wenling , Sun Hongcheng , Zhu Chengzhou 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDefect engineering is an effective strategy to enhance the enzyme‐like activity of nanozymes. However, previous efforts have primarily focused on introducing defects via de novo synthesis and post‐synthetic treatment, overlooking the dynamic evolution of defects during the catalytic process involving highly reactive oxygen species. Herein, a defect‐engineered metal–organic framework (MOF) nanozyme with mixed linkers is reported. Over twofold peroxidase (POD)‐like activity enhancement compared with unmodified nanozyme highlights the critical role of in situ defect formation in enhancing the catalytic performance of nanozyme. Experimental results reveal that highly active hydroxyl radical (•OH) generated in the catalytic process etches the 2,5‐dihydroxyterephthalic acid ligands, contributing to electronic structure modulation of metal sites and enlarged pore sizes in the framework. The self‐enhanced POD‐like activity induced by in situ defect engineering promotes the generation of •OH, holding promise in colorimetric sensing for detecting dichlorvos. Utilizing smartphone photography for RGB value extraction, the resultant sensing platform achieves the detection for dichlorvos ranging from 5 to 300 ng mL−1 with a low detection limit of 2.06 ng mL−1. This pioneering work in creating in situ defects in MOFs to improve catalytic activity offers a novel perspective on traditional defect engineering.
Tumor‐Specific Nano‐Herb Delivery System with High L‐Arginine Loading for Synergistic Chemo and Gas Therapy against Cervical Cancer
Authors: Chen Lihua , Ming Hui , Li Bowen , Yang Chen , Liu Shanshan , Gao Yajie , Zhang Tingting , Huang Canhua , Lang Tingyuan , Yang Zhuo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCancer metastasis poses significant challenges in current clinical therapy. Osthole (OST) has demonstrated efficacy in treating cervical cancer and inhibiting metastasis. Despite these positive results, its limited solubility, poor oral absorption, low bioavailability, and photosensitivity hinder its clinical application. To address this limitation, a glutathione (GSH)‐responded nano‐herb delivery system (HA/MOS@OST&L‐Arg nanoparticles, HMOA NPs) is devised for the targeted delivery of OST with cascade‐activatable nitric oxide (NO) release. The HMOA NPs system is engineered utilizing enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effects and active targeting mediated by hyaluronic acid (HA) binding to glycoprotein CD44. The cargoes, including OST and L‐Arginine (L‐Arg), are released rapidly due to the degradation of GSH‐responsive mesoporous organic silica (MOS). Then abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced from OST in the presence of high concentrations of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), resulting in the generation of NO and subsequently highly toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO−) by catalyzing guanidine groups of L‐Arg. These ROS, NO, and ONOO− molecules have a direct impact on mitochondrial function by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibiting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, thereby promoting increased apoptosis and inhibiting metastasis. Overall, the results indicated that HMOA NPs has great potential as a promising alternative for the clinical treatment of cervical cancer.
Drop‐by‐Drop Addition of Reagents to a Double Emulsion
Authors: Cowell Thomas W. , Jing Wenyang , Noh Heewon , Han Hee‐Sun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDevelopments in droplet microfluidics have facilitated an era of high‐throughput, sensitive single‐cell, or single‐molecule measurements capable of tackling the heterogeneity present in biological systems. Relying on single emulsion (SE) compartments, droplet assays achieve absolute quantification of nucleic acids, massively parallel single‐cell profiling, and more. Double emulsions (DEs) have seen recent interest for their potential to build upon SE techniques. DEs are compatible with flow cytometry enabling high‐throughput multi‐parameter drop screening and eliminate content mixing due to coalescence during lengthy workflows. Despite these strengths, DEs lack important technical functions that exist in SEs such as methods for adding reagents to droplets on demand. Consequently, DEs cannot be used for multistep workflows which has limited their adoption in assay development. Here, strategies to enable reagent addition and other active manipulations on DEs are reported by converting DE inputs to SEs on chip. After conversion, drops are manipulated using existing SE techniques, including reagent addition, before reforming a DE at the outlet. Device designs and operation conditions achieving drop‐by‐drop reagent addition to DEs are identified and used as part of a multi‐step aptamer screening assay performed entirely in DE drops. This work enables the further development of multistep DE droplet assays.
High‐Capacity and Ultra‐Long‐Life Mg‐Metal Batteries Enabled by Intercalation‐Conversion Hybrid Cathode Materials
Authors: Huang Tianlong , Xue Xiaolan , Zhang Yang , Cui Maosheng , Zhang Yuanxiang , Chen Lingxiu , Xiao Bin , Qi Jiqiu , Sui Yanwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe advancement of rechargeable Mg‐metal batteries (RMBs) is severely impeded by the lack of suitable cathode materials. Despite the good cyclic stability of intercalation‐type compounds, their specific capacity is relatively low. Conversely, the conversion‐type cathodes can deliver a higher capacity but often suffer from poor cycling reversibility and stability. Herein, a WSe2/Se intercalation‐conversion hybrid material with elemental Se uniformly distributed into WSe2 nanosheets is fabricated via a simple solvothermal method for high‐performance RMBs. The uniformly introduced Se confined in WSe2 nanosheets can not only efficiently improve the conductivity of the hybrid cathodes, facilitating the fast electron transport and ion diffusion, but also provide additional specific capacity. Besides, the WSe2 can effectively inhibit the detrimental Se dissolution and polyselenide shuttle, thereby activating the activity of Se and improving its utilization. Consequently, the synergy of intercalation and conversion mechanisms endows WSe2/Se hybrids with superior reversible capacity of 252 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and ultra‐long cyclability of up to 5000 cycles at 2.0 A g−1 with capacity retention of 78.1%. This work demonstrates the feasibility of the strategy by integrating intercalation and conversion mechanisms for developing high‐performance cathode materials for RMBs.