bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep as a predictive factor for the onset and resolution of multi‐site pain: A 5‐year prospective study
Authors: Aili K. , Nyman T. , Svartengren M. , Hillert L. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundDisturbed sleep and pain often co‐exist and the relationship between the two conditions is complex and likely reciprocal. This 5‐year prospective study examines whether disturbed sleep can predict the onset of multi‐site pain, and whether non‐disturbed sleep can predict the resolution of multi‐site pain.MethodsThe cohort (n = 1599) was stratified by the number of self‐reported pain sites: no pain, pain from 1–2 sites and multi‐site pain (≥3 pain sites). Sleep was categorized by self‐reported sleep disturbance: sleep A (best sleep), sleep B and sleep C (worst sleep). In the no‐pain and pain‐from‐1–2 sites strata, the association between sleep (A, B and C) and multi‐site pain 5 years later was analysed. Further, the prognostic value of sleep for the resolution of multi‐site pain at follow‐up was calculated for the stratum with multi‐site pain at baseline. In the analyses, gender, age, body mass index, smoking, physical activity and work‐related exposures were treated as potential confounders.ResultsFor individuals with no pain at baseline, a significantly higher odds ratio for multi‐site pain 5 years later was seen for the tertile reporting worst sleep [odds ratio (OR) 4.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–16.12]. Non‐disturbed (or less disturbed) sleep had a significant effect when predicting the resolution of multi‐site pain (to no pain) (OR 3.96; 95% CI 1.69–9.31).ConclusionIn conclusion, sleep could be relevant for predicting both the onset and the resolution of multi‐site pain. It seems to be a significant factor to include in research on multi‐site pain and when conducting or evaluating intervention programmes for pain.
The effect of pain on involuntary and voluntary capture of attention
Authors: Troche S.J. , Houlihan M.E. , Connolly J.F. , Dick B.D. , McGrath P.J. , Finley G.A. , Stroink G. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundThere is converging evidence for the notion that pain affects a broad range of attentional domains. This study investigated the influence of pain on the involuntary capture of attention as indexed by the P3a component in the event‐related potential derived from the electroencephalogram.MethodsParticipants performed in an auditory oddball task in a pain‐free and a pain condition during which they submerged a hand in cold water. Novel, infrequent and unexpected auditory stimuli were presented randomly in a series of frequent standard and infrequent target tones. P3a and P3b amplitudes were observed to novel, unexpected and target‐related stimuli, respectively.ResultsBoth electrophysiological components were characterized by reduced amplitudes in the pain compared with the pain‐free condition. Hit rate and reaction time to target stimuli did not differ between the two conditions presumably because the experimental task was not difficult enough to exceed attentional capacities under pain conditions.ConclusionsThese results indicate that voluntary attention serving the maintenance and control of ongoing information processing (reflected by the P3b amplitude) is impaired by pain. In addition, the involuntary capture of attention and orientation to novel, unexpected information (measured by the P3a) is also impaired by pain. Thus, neurophysiological measures examined in this study support the theoretical positions proposing that pain can reduce attentional processing capacity. These findings have potentially important implications at the theoretical level for our understanding of the interplay of pain and cognition, and at the therapeutic level for the clinical treatment of individuals experiencing ongoing pain.
The effect of the type of pain on the accuracy of memory of pain and affect
Authors: Bąbel P. , Pieniążek L. , Zarotyński D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundMemory of chronic, acute and experimental pain may be inaccurate, but the research findings are inconsistent. The main aim of the study was to compare the memory of three types of pain and their associated affect.MethodsA total of 140 women, who gave birth by vaginal delivery or Caesarean section, or underwent gynaecological surgery, participated in the study. Before childbirth or surgery, the women rated their anxiety about the pain they would experience. Between 24 and 48 h after childbirth or surgery, they rated the intensity and unpleasantness of the pain, and their positive and negative affect. Either 3 or 6 months later, the participants recalled the pain and affect they had felt.ResultsThe study found that the type of pain had an effect on memory of pain and affect. Surgery led to an overestimation of all but one of the recalled variables. Participants who gave birth by Caesarean section were the most accurate at recalling pain and affect. Memories of pain and affect were most variable in participants who gave birth by vaginal delivery. The three groups of participants differed in terms of the predictors of recalled pain intensity and unpleasantness, and the proportion of variance predicted by the same independent variables.ConclusionsThe results of the current study suggest that memory of pain and affect is influenced by the meaning and affective value of the pain experience. This may help us to understand why the previous research on the memory of pain were so diverse.
Fabrication of Sensitive Potentiometric Cholesterol Biosensor Based on Co3O4 Interconnected Nanowires
Authors: Ibupoto Zafar Hussain , Elhag Sami , Nur Omer , Willander Magnus 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHighly sensitive, selective, reliable and inexpensive cholesterol biosensors are highly demanded for the routine monitoring of cholesterol molecules in order to prevent heart failure incidents. In this study, Co3O4 nanostructures are synthesized using polyvinyl pyrrolidone surfactant as growth template by a low temperature aqueous chemical growth method. The morphology of nanostructures was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction techniques. The nanostructures exhibit interconnected nanowires like morphology with interconnected network of nanowires. The nanostructures of Co3O4 are polycrystalline. The cholesterol oxidase was physically adsorbed on the interconnected nanowires of Co3O4 for the chemical sensing of cholesterol molecules. The sensor device detected a wide range of cholesterol from 1×10−7 M to 1×10−3 M concentrations with sensitivity of −94.031 mV/decade. A detection limit of 0.035×10−7 M cholesterol concentration was observed and a fast response time of 10 s was also noticed. The fabricated device is highly stable, selective, sensitive, reproducible and repeatable. All the collected information about presented cholesterol biosensor indicates its potential application for the monitoring of cholesterol concentrations from human blood serum and real‐life samples.
Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Theophylline and Guaifenesin Using a Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube‐Ionic Liquid Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Gholivand Mohammad Bagher , Khodadadian Mehdi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and a hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL), was used for the simultaneous voltammetric determination of theophylline (TP) and guaifenesin (GF). The results showed that the oxidations of TP and GF were facilitated at modified electrode and peak‐to‐peak separation at MWCNTIL/GCE (252 mV) was larger than that observed at unmodified GCE (165 mV). Voltammetric signals for TP and GF exhibited linear ranges of 0.5 to 98.0 µM (R2>0.99) and 1.5 to 480.0 µM (R2>0.99), respectively. The method was used to estimate TP and GF contents in some real samples.
Electrochemical Identification and Categorization of the Protective Quality of Intact and Damaged Coatings
Authors: Hosbein Kathryn N. , Swartz Natasja A. , Clare Tami Lasseter 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDefective polymeric coatings that are particularly relevant in the conservation of outdoor metalwork, are analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), validated by KramersKronig transformations, and modeled using electrical equivalent circuit models (EECs). Using twenty different coated panels of five different coating types, ten mathematical methods for categorizing the protective qualities of coatings are explored as simpler and faster alternatives to circuit modeling; three methods gave a perfect correlation with the category determined by circuit modeling. Our findings highlight the need for fitting data to EECs before relying upon purely mathematical parameters for evaluating protective coating quality.
Modeling level selection for seismic analysis of concrete‐filled steel tube/moment‐resisting frames by using fragility curves
Authors: Skalomenos Konstantinos A. , Hatzigeorgiou George D. , Beskos Dimitri E. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThe seismic behavior of plane moment‐resisting frames (MRFs) consisting of I steel beams and concrete‐filled steel tube (CFT) columns is investigated in this study. More specifically, the effect of modeling details of each individual component of CFT‐MRFs, such as the composite CFT columns, the beam‐column connections, the panel zones, and the steel I beams on their seismic behavior, is studied through comparisons against available experimental results. Then, fragility curves are constructed for three typical CFT‐MRFs, designed according to European codes, for various levels of modeling sophistication through nonlinear time‐history analyses. On the basis of these fragility curves, one can select the appropriate modeling level of sophistication that can lead to the desired seismic behavior for a given seismic intensity. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Butanol and ethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstock: biomass pretreatment and bioconversion
Authors: Nanda Sonil , Dalai Ajay K. , Kozinski Janusz A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractLignocellulosic feedstock has tremendous potential to sustain the renewable production of biofuels such as ethanol and butanol. Although lignocellulosic biomass is a storehouse of energy in the form of cellulose and hemicellulose, yet lignin acts as a barrier against their hydrolysis. A dilute acid pretreatment disintegrates the biomass complex and allows cellulolytic enzymes to hydrolyze cellulose and hemicelluloses in releasing fermentable sugars. The current study investigates the effect of different H2SO4 doses (0–2.5%) on the three lignocellulosic feedstock material, especially pinewood, timothy grass, and wheat straw at 121°C for 1 h. Furthermore, the pretreated feedstock was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase, β‐glucosidase, and xylanase at 45°C for 72 h. The biomass hydrolysates containing monomeric sugars (glucose and xylose) were fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium beijerinckii for ethanol and butanol production, respectively. A comparative evaluation for the concentrations of ethanol and butanol, residual sugars as well as byproducts such as acetone, acetate, and butyrate from biomass hydrolysates was performed. Pinewood hydrolysate revealed high ethanol (24.1 g/L) and butanol (11.6 g/L) concentrations due to greater sugar content. In contrast to ethanol fermentation by S. cerevisiae, butanol fermentation by C. beijerinckii demonstrated low butanol levels in the hydrolysates due to butanol toxicity toward clostridia.
THE EFFECT OF MENTAL HEALTH ON EMPLOYMENT: EVIDENCE FROM AUSTRALIAN PANEL DATA
Authors: Frijters Paul , Johnston David W. , Shields Michael A. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTTo what extent does poor mental health affect employment outcomes? Answering this question involves multiple technical difficulties: two‐way causality between health and work, unobservable confounding factors and measurement error in survey measures of mental health. We attempt to overcome these difficulties by combining 10 waves of high‐quality panel data with an instrumental variable model that allows for individual‐level fixed effects. We focus on the extensive margin of employment, and we find evidence that a one‐standard‐deviation decline in mental health reduces employment by 30 percentage points. Further investigations suggest that this effect is predominantly a supply rather than a demand‐side response and is larger for older than young workers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incidence of cervical lymph node metastasis and its association with outcomes in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma. An international collaborative study
Authors: Amit Moran , Binenbaum Yoav , Sharma Kanika , Ramer Naomi , Ramer Ilana , Agbetoba Abib , Glick Joelle , Yang Xinjie , Lei Delin , Bjørndal Kristine , Godballe Christian , Mücke Thomas , Wolff Klaus‐Dietrich , Fliss Dan , Eckardt André M. , Copelli Chiara , Sesenna Enrico , Palmer Frank , Ganly Ian , Patel Snehal , Gil Ziv 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe patterns of regional metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck and its association with outcome is not established.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multicentered multivariate analysis of 270 patients who underwent neck dissection.ResultsThe incidence rate of neck metastases was 29%. The rate observed in the oral cavity is 37%, and in the major salivary glands is 19% (p = .001). The rate of occult nodal metastases was 17%. Overall 5‐year survival rates were 44% in patients undergoing therapeutic neck dissections, and 65% and 73% among those undergoing elective neck dissections, with and without nodal metastases, respectively (p = .017). Multivariate analysis revealed that the primary site, nodal classification, and margin status were independent predictors of survival.ConclusionOur findings support the consideration of elective neck treatment in patients with ACC of the oral cavity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1032–1037, 2015
Hippocampal‐parietal dysconnectivity and glutamate abnormalities in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Kraguljac Nina Vanessa , White David Matthew , Hadley Jennifer , Reid Meredith Amanda , Lahti Adrienne Carol 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAbnormalities in resting state connectivity in schizophrenia (SZ) are now well established, but the biological substrates of these functional alterations remain to be elucidated. We performed a combined functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy study in 22 unmedicated patients with SZ and 22 matched healthy controls (HCs) to evaluate resting state functional connectivity of the hippocampus and Glx/Cr (a combined glutamate + glutamine peak normalized to creatine) in the hippocampus and investigate functional and neurometabolic abnormalities and examine the relationship between these. Functional connectivity between the left hippocampus and bilateral precuneus was significantly decreased in unmedicated patients with SZ when compared to HCs [t(4.22), cluster extent (kE) = 751, PFDRcorr = 0.001, Montreal Neurological Institute coordinates: x = −4, y = −56, z = 44]. Glx/Cr in the hippocampus was significantly elevated in SZ (HC: mean = 0.60+/−0.10 SZ: 0.67+/−0.10; F = 5.742; P = 0.02), but was not correlated with functional connectivity deficits (P > 0.05). In this study, we found hippocampal resting state functional connectivity deficits to the precuneus in unmedicated patients with SZ and an increase of Glx/Cr in the hippocampus, but did not observe a direct relationship between these abnormalities. However, our findings do not exclude the possibility of a shared underlying pathology, which warrants further investigation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A review on schizophrenia and relapse—a quest for user‐friendly psychopharmacotherapy
Authors: Suzuki Takefumi , Uchida Hiroyuki , Takeuchi Hiroyoshi , Tsuboi Takashi , Hirano Jinichi , Mimura Masaru 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveSchizophrenia in general is notoriously associated with relapses rendering the illness progressive to worse outcomes, a concept of which is compatible with neurotoxicity. Therefore, relapse prevention is of utmost clinical relevance.MethodsIn this review, we aim to put relapse into clinical context in the realm of natural history of, or heterogeneity in, schizophrenia and summarize risk factors of relapse. We discuss how to effectively ‘define’ relapse in schizophrenia and recent meta‐analytic studies on this topic to highlight the importance of continuous antipsychotic treatment.ResultsThe following issues emerged: ‘How low maintenance antipsychotic dosage could be?’, ‘How extended dosing could be?’, ‘Who could be successfully withdrawn from antipsychotics?’ and ‘How relapse could be defined in the first place?’ The question in particular is how better to deliver antipsychotics at the lowest possible, whereby dose and dosing interval are relevant. While ongoing antipsychotic treatment is the rule, recent works are pointing to a possibility of lower dosage in the maintenance phase of the illness.ConclusionsBearing in mind that suboptimal adherence and withdrawal from antipsychotics are an established and unequivocal risk factor for relapse, further investigations are certainly needed to explore user‐friendly manner of psychopharmacotherapy to prevent relapse in schizophrenia. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment of cellulose bleaching effluents and their filtration permeates by anodic oxidation with H2O2 production
Authors: Salazar Claudio , Sirés Ignasi , Salazar Ricardo , Mansilla Héctor D. , Zaror Claudio A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDElectrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs), particularly those based on either cathodic electrogeneration of H2O2 or anodic oxidation (AO) via •OH, have become attractive technological options for the complete detoxification of wastewaters. Their integration with separation pre‐treatment such as ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) may be a plausible way to reduce processing time and costs.RESULTSRaw effluents from the acid and alkaline elemental chlorine free bleaching stages of a hardwood‐based kraft pulp mill, as well as their UF, NF and RO permeates, have been characterized and then treated by AO‐H2O2 in a tank reactor with an air‐diffusion cathode, which allowed efficient reduction of O2, and a DSA‐RuO2 or BDD anode at constant cell voltage (2–12 V). Due to the complexity of the matrix, a larger H2O2 accumulation in the acid effluents was observed. DSA favoured the accumulation of ions, whereas BDD allowed their further transformation into owing to the larger oxidizing power of its physisorbed •OH. The contribution of this species, along with H2O2 and active chlorine, accounted for the significant TOC abatement reached in the different individual and coupled treatments.CONCLUSIONSAO‐H2O2 and UF/AO‐H2O2 yielded similar mineralization levels (65–68%) for acid effluents, but lower energy consumption (EC) resulted in the latter process due to the lower conductivity of the permeates. NF/AO‐H2O2 coupling yielded the largest mineralization of alkaline effluents (96% instead of 75% obtained by AO‐H2O2) with low EC. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
A scoping review of scoping reviews: advancing the approach and enhancing the consistency
Authors: Pham Mai T. , Rajić Andrijana , Greig Judy D. , Sargeant Jan M. , Papadopoulos Andrew , McEwen Scott A. 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundThe scoping review has become an increasingly popular approach for synthesizing research evidence. It is a relatively new approach for which a universal study definition or definitive procedure has not been established. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide an overview of scoping reviews in the literature.MethodsA scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework. A search was conducted in four bibliographic databases and the gray literature to identify scoping review studies. Review selection and characterization were performed by two independent reviewers using pretested forms.ResultsThe search identified 344 scoping reviews published from 1999 to October 2012. The reviews varied in terms of purpose, methodology, and detail of reporting. Nearly three‐quarter of reviews (74.1%) addressed a health topic. Study completion times varied from 2 weeks to 20 months, and 51% utilized a published methodological framework. Quality assessment of included studies was infrequently performed (22.38%).ConclusionsScoping reviews are a relatively new but increasingly common approach for mapping broad topics. Because of variability in their conduct, there is a need for their methodological standardization to ensure the utility and strength of evidence. © 2014 The Authors. Research Synthesis Methods published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PTR‐TOF‐MS analysis of volatile compounds in olive fruits
Authors: Masi Elisa , Romani Annalisa , Pandolfi Camilla , Heimler Daniela , Mancuso Stefano 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDVolatile compounds of Cellina di Nardò and Ogliarola Barese, two typical Italian olive varieties, have been characterised at different ripening stages. Proton transfer reaction–time‐of‐flight–mass spectrometry (PTR‐TOF‐MS) was used for the first time on these fruits with the aim of characterising the volatile profile and, in the case of Ogliarola, the changes which may occur during the maturation process.RESULTSPTR‐TOF‐MS does not involve any sample pre‐treatment, and allows high‐resolution measurements, large spectra and small fragmentation of the volatiles. Therefore it allows both compound identification and data statistical treatments. In the present work, about 40 compounds that contribute to the discrimination between samples of the two varieties have been identified.CONCLUSIONSThree groups of compounds were identified: (1) compounds that are typical of mature fruits of Ogliarola, (2) compounds that tend to decrease during the change from green to mature fruits, and (3) compounds that increase during the maturation process. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Kinetics Investigation of Reaction of Naphthalene with OH Radicals at 1–3 Torr and 240–340 K
Authors: Roueintan Masoud M. , Cho Joeson , Li Zhuangjie 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe combination of relative rate method with discharge flow and mass spectrometry (RR/DF/MS) technique was employed to determine the rate constant for the gas‐phase reaction of hydroxyl radicals (OH) with naphthalene at 240−340 K and a total pressure of 1–3 Torr. At 298 K, the rate constant was measured to be cm3 molecule−1 s−1, which is in good agreement with reported literature values determined using different techniques. The reaction of OH with naphthalene was found to be essentially independent of pressure in a range of 1−3 Torr at both 298 and 340 K. At 240–340 K, the rate constant of this reaction was found to be negatively dependent on temperature, with an Arrhenius expression of k1(T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1 and k1(T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1 using 1,4‐dioxane and styrene as the reference compounds, respectively. The atmospheric lifetime of naphthalene was estimated to be 9.6 h using the rate constant of naphthalene + OH determined at 277 K in the present work.