bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography as a Diagnostic Tool in Cystoid Macular Edema
Authors: Abd-Allah Moustafa Dalia Ibrahim , Mansour Sherif Zaky , Mohamed Ahmed Abdel-Aleem , Elsayed Hassan Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Cystoid macular edema (CME) represents a common pathologic sequel of the retina and occurs in a variety of pathological conditions such as intraocular inflammation, central or branch retinal vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy and most commonly following cataract extraction.

Aim of the Work
To evaluate the role of optical coherence tomography angiography in the diagnosis of cystoid macular edema.

Patients and Methods
We applied our study on thirty eyes will be divided into two equal groups: CME group (n = 15 eyes) and Control group (n = 15 eyes), with the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study included thirty eyes of twenty four patients. There were 15 patients of unilateral; while the right eye was affected in 7 patients (46.7%) and the left eye in 8 (53.3% patients in CME group; while there were 6 patients of bilateral and 3 patients of unilateral; while the right eye was affected in 7 patients (46.7%) and the left eye in 8 (53.3%) patients in control group.

Results
This study showed that in term of Sex, there is no statistically significant difference between the groups with p-value (p = 0.134). There was a statistically significant higher mean age in CME group compared to control group with p-value (p = 0.005). Also laterality were comparable in each of CME group were 0 patients (%) and 15 patients (100%) were bilateral and unilateral, respectively compared to control group were 6 patients (66.7%) and 3 patients (33.3%) were bilateral and unilateral respectively in term of laterality, there was a statistically significant with p-value (p = 0.002). There was a statistically significant higher mean in CME group compared to control group according to unaided visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity, with p-value (p &lt; 0.001). The mean BCVA was 0.2#0.15, 0.48÷0.23, and 1.06‡0.27 log MAR for early, advanced, and severe DME. Log MAR visual acuity was significantly different among different DME grades (P &lt; 0.001). There was a statistically significant higher ocular surgeries in in CME group compared to control group, with p-value (p &lt; 0.001). That was a statistically significant higher OCTA findings in CME group compared to control group, with p-value (p &lt; 0.001); as for the CFT there was a higher mean value in CME group was 484.2070.05 compared to 233.93=13.51, with p-value (p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
In conclusion, cystoid macular edema (CME) can be identified early and OCTA can contribute to the clinical characterisation of the disease.
Evaluation of Different Corneal Powers Measured by Corneal Tomography in Intraocular Lens Power Calculation
Authors: Abd EL-moneam Heba A , El-maamon Tarek A , Eliwa Tamer F M , Abd EL-aziz Mohammad H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Corneal power measurement is essential for IOL power calculation. Conventional keratometry measures the anterior corneal surface using a standard keratometric index without measuring the posterior corneal surface. Schiempflug imaging have added the ability to measure posterior corneal surface which may affect IOL power calculation and postoperative refraction.

Purpose
To evaluate different keratometric measurements including Simulated keratometry (SimK), true net power (TNP), total corneal refractive power (TCRP) and equivalent K reading (EKR) obtained from corneal tomography in IOL power calculation and compare the predicted refraction of calculated IOL power with postoperative subjective refraction.

Materials and Methods
Sixty-five cataractous eyes were included in this prospective interventional case series. Four corneal power measurements using Pentacam AXL were analyzed: SimK over 3mm, TNP over 4mm, TCRP over 3mm and EKR over 4.5mm. The IOL power was calculated using Barrett Universal II formula.

Results
No statistically significant difference between SimK and EKR (p- value=1.000) while TNP and TCRP were statistically significantly higher than SimK (p-value&lt;0.001) with mean difference 1.2+/-0.2D and 0.67+/-0.34D respectively. The mean prediction error of refractive outcome was -0.006+/-0.32D for SimK, -0.02+/- 0.5D for EKR, 1.08+/-0.4D for TNP and 0.56+/-0.46D for TCRP.

Conclusion
Corneal power measurements using SimK and EKR displayed comparable accuracy in IOL power calculation and postoperative refraction while TNP and TCRP were far away.
Minimally Invasive Sinus Tarsi Approach versus Extensile Lateral Approach for Sanders Type II & III Calcaneal Fractures (Systematic Review & Meta-analysis)
Authors: Zaher Nasser Hussien , Shafeek Elkhateeb Tameem Mohamed , Abdelfatah Elawam Tamer Salah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is becoming more common in Calcaneal fractures of Sanders types II and III. The extensile lateral approach (ELA) appears to be the gold standard.

Aim of the Work
We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of intra- articular calcaneus fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation with via Extensile lateral approach (routine treatment) versus those via a sinus tarsi approach (minimally invasive treatment).

Materials and Methods
This systematic review conducted on 7 studies enrolled 734 patients with Sanders type II & III calcaneal fractures comparing he clinical outcomes of intra-articular calcaneus fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) via Extensile lateral approach (routine treatment). The outcome measures considered: Postoperative wound complications, AOFAS score, Time to surgery, Surgical operative time, 24 hours Postoperative VAS score, Bohler's angle improvement, Gissane's angle improvement, Calcaneus width reduction, Recovery of calcaneus length, Length of hospital stay.

Results
Regarding postoperative wound complication, minimal invasive procedure significantly reduced the rate of wound complications other than open reduction. Concerning American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score (AOFAS) score, there was no significant difference between ORIF and minimally invasive (MI) method. With reference to time to surgery, there was a significant difference between ORIF and minimally invasive (MI) method. As regard surgical operative time, MI had a significant reduction in operative time. According 24 hours Post operative VAS score, there was no significant difference between ORIF and minimally invasive (MI) method. Concerning Bohler's and Gissane's angles improvement, there was no significant difference between ORIF and minimally invasive (MI) method. With reference to calcaneus width reduction, there was no significant difference between ORIF and minimally invasive (MI) method. According recovery of calcaneus length, the current study showed no significant difference between ORIF and minimally invasive (MI) method. Concerning length of hospital stay, the ORIF consume more hospital stay than minimally invasive methods.

Conclusion
In contrast to ELA, minimal invasive procedure (STA) reduced the rate of wound complication. There was no significant difference between ELA and STA regarding the anatomical and functional outcome. The STA showed significant reduction in time to surgery and operative time.
Sacral Fractures Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wafa Mohammad Abdelsalam , Fahmy Fady Micheal , Mahmoud Mohamed Metawea Hamed Mohamed Mahmoud 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The sacrum is a keystone structure that is important to the structural integrity of the base of the spinal column and posterior pelvic ring. Therefore, depending on the fracture pattern, fracture of the sacrum may have implications on posterior pelvic or spinopelvic stability. Sacral fracture classifications are based on fracture location, pattern of instability, and risk of neurologic deficits.

Objective
To review the literature about sacral fractures and to provide cumulative data about the outcome of different surgical modalities in management of sacral fractures.

Patients and Methods
This review was done using standard methodology outlined in the Cochrane Handbook and reported the findings in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines.

Results
We found 176 record; of them 82 unique records identified (duplicate removed) by the database searches; 94 were excluded based on title and Abstractreview; 82 article are searched for eligibility by full text review; 33 article cannot be accessed; 8 studies were reviews and case reports; 17 were not describing functional outcome; the desired procedure not used in 10 studies leaving 14 studies that met all inclusion criteria.

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2022.

Conclusion
Spinopelvic surgical stabilization represents the “gold standard” for sacral fractures treatment, this technique guarantees stability, neutralizes flexion deformation, allowing early mobilization of the patient, ensuring a reduction of comorbidities and a better recovery of neurologic lesions.
Salter versus Dega Osteotomy in Developmental Hip Dysplasia: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abdel Massih George Isaac Jacob , El Gebeily Mohamed A , Baraka Mostafa M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The early treatment of developmental hip dysplasia is our goal to achieve concentric hip reduction and normal hip anatomy and function. Many osteotomies were used to achieve our goal, the most common techniques are used for maintaining this reduction, are Dega and Salter osteotomies. For this reason we have done our systematic review and meta- analysis to figure which technique has better radiological and clinical results with less complications.

Aim
The aim of the work is to review the difference between Dega and Salter Osteotomy according to surgical techniques, Suitable age of each technique, Advantages and disadvantages for each technique, Final clinical and radiographic outcomes and Complications.

Subject and Methods
This study performed a search for all published articles that evaluated Dega or Salter osteotomy in the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Results
From a total of 879 articles, 24 with level of evidence grade IV articles were included in our review. A total of 1212 hips cases with a mean follow up of 294.5 months were included. For Severin score, we did not find significant difference after performing both techniques regarding hips with grade 1; Salter [OR = 0. 62, (95% CI = 0.47: 0.77), I2=96.46%, P &lt; 0.001)] and Dega [OR = 0.65, (95% CI = 0.46: 0.84), I2=92.85%, P &lt; 0.001)]. Also the proportion of hips with grade 4 was nearly similar in both groups; Salter [OR = 0. 02, (95% CI = 0.01: 0.03), I2=0%, P = 0.51)] and Dega [OR = 0.02, (95% CI = 0.003: 0.04), I2=11.61%, P = 0.34)]. For McKay score, we did not find significant difference after performing both techniques regarding hips with excellent classification; Salter [OR = 0. 50, (95% CI = 0.28: 0.72), I2=98.1%, P &lt; 0.001)] and Dega [OR = 0.40, (95% CI = 0.16: 0.64), I2=95.56%, P &lt; 0.001)]. In term of hips with poor classifications both techniques performed equally; Salter [OR = 0.027, (95% CI = 0.013: 0.04), I2=0%, P = 0.67)] and Dega [OR = 0.04, (95% CI = 0.003: 0.082), I2=74.78, P = 0.001)].

Conclusion
Based on the information in our publication, we believe that Salter and Dega are well-established surgical treatments for hip dysplasia with comparable efficacy. Dega demonstrates marginally superior radiological and clinical data.
Comparative Study between Percutaneous Ilioilial Fixator versus Percutaneous Iliosacral Screw in Managing Sacral Fractures
Authors: Sadek Shaalan Mohamed Ragab , El Zaher E L Zaher Hassan , El Sayed Farag Ossama Mohamed , Sallam Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The sacrum is the mechanical nucleus of the axial skeleton, located at the base of the lumbar spine and acts as the keystone at the centre of the pelvic ring. Traumatic sacral fractures are an increasingly recognized diagnosis. Sacral fractures remain a relative uncommon entity in the general population.

Objective
The aim of this work is to compare between percutaneous iliosacral screw and ilioilial fixation in sacral fractures fixation as regard operative time, need of intraoperative fluoroscopy, blood loss & related transfusion, infection, neurovascular complication, hardware failure and screws miss- displacement, clinical and radiological outcomes, revision rate and rate of non-union.

Patients and Methods
After obtaining the hospitals Research/Ethics Committee approval and written informed consents from the patients. This study was carried on 51 Patients with sacral fractures injuries through the period from August 2019 to November 2021. A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to compare the functional and radiological outcome of closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of traumatic sacral fractures using iliosacral screw or ilioilial fixator.

Results
There is no statistically significant difference in functional outcome, radiological outcome operative time, blood loss, postoperative complication, union rate or follow up. There is statistically significant difference in incision length between the two groups as mean length of incision in iliosacral screw and Ilioilial fixator is 1.2 cm and 4.8 cm respectively. There is statistically significant relation between number of intraoperative fluoroscopic and fixation principles (P value &lt;0.001) with higher risk for radiation exposure in IS screw group.

Conclusion
Iliosacral screw and ilioilial fixator have comparable functional and radiological outcome and similar biomechanical stability .We suggest the ilioilial fixator as an alternative to IS screw in sacral fracture management. The ilioilial fixator is a useful option in patients who do not qualify for IS screw fixation.
Dual Mobility Cup in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Elhamid Ahmed Salah Eldin A B D , Elhawi Ezzat Mohamed , Saad Mohamed Mgdy , Abdelazim Mohamed Haytham 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Proximal femoral fractures are considered a common problem in the elderly. Osteoporosis and the risk of fall especially in old age add to the complexity of management of these types of fractures. These fractures can be managed with different types of implants e.g. Dynamic hip screw, proximal femoral nail, proximal femoral plate, etc..

Aim of the Work
Prospective clinical trial study to assess the role of dual mobility unconstrained acetabular components in preventing and treating instability.

Patients and Methods
In the period between December 2014 to April 2017 a prospective study was conducted involving 25 patients with high risk of dislocation underwent total hip replacement using dual mobility cup either as primary hip arthroplasty or revision hip arthroplasty. All cases were operated upon in Ain Shams University Hospitals and the follow up of the cases was 1 year.

Results
There were no cases of prosthesis dislocation or loosening. There were only two cases of superficial wound infections who improved with wound debridement. Studies showed that the dual mobility cup did a great success in reduction in the risk of dislocation in specific conditions as patients with polio and other neuromuscular disorders and other risk factors for head dislocation.

Conclusion
Conversion of a failed implant to a total hip implant is a good and safe option in treatment of such cases. Dual mobility cups decreased the risk of dislocation in such cases with increased longevity of the prosthesis and a considerably accepted range of motion of the hip joint.
Direct Vertebral Rotation versus Simple Rod Derotation Techniques in Correction of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Abdel Rasol Asem Mahmoud Sayed , El Badrawi Ahmed Mohamed , Abdel Latif Ali Ibrahim , Fahmy Fady Michel , El Zahlawy Hany Nabil , Ibrahim Mohammed Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
One method for treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which is characterised by abnormal spinal alignment in the coronal, sagittal, and rotational planes, is surgical correction. The two surgical techniques most typically used to correct spine alignment are simple rod derotation (SRD) and direct vertebral rotation (DVR).

Aim
The study's goal was to assess the effectiveness of two treatment methods for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: simple rod derotation and direct vertebral rotation.

Subjects and Methods
A randomised controlled research involving 36 adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis was done. patients were randomly split into one of two groups: 18 patients in group A had DVR treatment, while 18 patients in group B received SRD with a 2-year follow-up.

Results
Apical Vertebral Rotation measured from CT scans in DVR group was 24.4° ±8.38° preoperatively and it decreased significantly postoperatively to 14.4°±4.61 °with (42.22%) correction rate while in SRD group it was 25.03°±7.99° preoperatively and it also decreased significantly postoperatively to a mean value of 21.41°±7.01° with (14.65%) correction rate. There were statistically significant differences between both groups postoperative (P &lt; 0.001)

Conclusion
The most noticeable difference between DVR and SRD was clinical rib hump correction, which was explained by apical vertebral rotation correction determined on an axial CT scan. It also demonstrates that there is no significant difference in coronal curve correction, shoulder height difference, or patient satisfaction between the two techniques.
Fibular Lengthening Surgeries in Treatment of Malunited Pott's Fracture Ankle: A Systematic Review
Authors: Helmy Saleh Mahmoud Mohammed , El-Shazly Osama Abd-El Raouf , Farouk Mohamed Amr 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The primary goal of ankle fracture treatment is restoration of ankle stability and alignment. Following an ankle fracture, the fibular fracture deformity is usually shortening and external rotation. This shortening permit lateral shift of the talus with persistent instability and valgus tilt. Many fibular malunions can be successfully salvaged using grafting and plating techniques. In malunited ankle fractures with a shortened fibula and lateral talar shift, reconstruction of the ankle has been advocated to restore function. Lengthening of the fibula is an important step in such cases.

Aim
to study the functional outcomes and results of fibular lengthening surgeries of malunited pott's fracture ankle and to know the complications of surgery.

Patients and Methods
The search strategy identified 77 unique citations. Screening of titles and Abstracts identified 27 potentially relevant articles. Full text review of these articles identified 10 studies meeting the inclusion criteria.

Results
The common interventions procedures used was Ankle joint re-balancing with fibular lengthening, Fibular Lengthening Osteotomy with Revision Syndesmotic Repair. Satisfactory (excellent\good) in 73 cases and unsatisfactory (fair\poor) in 12 cases. VAS score mentioned in 1 study and improved from 6.76 ± 1.03 pre to 2.03 ± 1.21 post. Six studies showed that the infection rate was 31.996 %.

Conclusion
Correction must be performed once diagnosed, and there is no maximum elapsed time subsequent to which treatment efficacy is reduced. Even if anatomical reduction cannot be achieved, the improved alignment can produce a satisfactory result.
Endoscopic Transforaminal versus Interlaminar Discectomy in Management of Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Systematic Review of Outcomes and Complications
Authors: Abdelkader Youssef Magdy Gamal , Ashour Mahmoud Ahmed , Yousef Salem Karim Atef Abdelghani 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Lumbar herniated discs are common manifestations of degenerative spine diseases, being the main cause of radiated lower back pain.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to compare between the transforaminal approach and the interlaminar approach in the incidence of complications and clinical prognosis scores in patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Patients and Methods
Literature searches was conducted using the following databases:” PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Medline” using the following key words: “percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy, percutaneous interlaminar endoscopic discectomy, operative complications, minimally invasive, discectomy, endoscopic” from studies published after 2010.

Results
Although there is no significant difference between the two groups of comparison regarding percentage of postoperative complications, VAS scores, or ODI scores, However, PEID was superior to PETD regarding fluoroscopy times and operative time. The increased radiation exposure might be caused by the higher iliac crest, narrower foramina, or larger facet joints, which increased the difficulty of percutaneous puncture. Repeated fluoroscopy must be used to guide the puncture. In addition, the hypertrophy of ligamenta flava might also contribute to the difficulty of puncture and further increase radiation exposure in the PETD group.

Conclusion
This review provides evidence that both PEID and PETD are safe, effective, and minimally invasive surgical methods for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, under the conditions that the surgical techniques required have been mastered and the indications for surgery are observed.
Validation of Rome IV Criteria in Diagnosis of IBS as a Part of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders among Children
Authors: Al-Aziz El-Hodhod Mostafa Abd , Hamdy Ahmed Mohamed , Mohsen Yosra Mohamed , Leon Sanad Sara Hani 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
There are few validation studies of existing diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We conducted a validation study of the Rome IV criteria in diagnosis of IBS as a part of functional gastrointestinal disorders among children (FGIDs). These revisions are expected to improve clinical care in children with FGIDs. We hypothesize that red flags may appear after the initial diagnosis leading to categorization of patients to organic illness rather than functional.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to validate the Rome IV criteria in diagnosis of IBS as a part of functional gastrointestinal disorders among children.

Patients and Methods
Enrollment was targeted at children(4-16yrs) with chronic abdominal pain for 3 months or more and any patient with red flags were excluded from the study. The resulting sample included 200 patients. They were then followed up for 3 months then re-classification of the patients according to Rome 4 criteria. Comparison between the initially diagnosed patients as functional Gastrointestinal disorders with the final diagnosis after the 3 months follow in order to pick up any red flags which might appear.

Results
Diagnosis and follow up of patients using Rome IV is efficient in excluding organic diseases and diagnosing IBS as one of the FGIDs in children however there was interchangeable results between sub-types of IBS after the follow up of patients. None of our patients developed red flags of organic illness.

Conclusion
Rome criteria is helpful in diagnosing IBS and its subtypes and avoiding the need for further investigations.