bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FveDREB1B improves cold tolerance of woodland strawberry by positively regulating FveSCL23 and FveCHS
Authors: Luo He , Guan Yuhan , Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Zihui , Zhang Zhihong , Li He 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCold stress has seriously inhibited the growth and development of strawberry during production. CBF/DREB1 is a key central transcription factor regulating plant cold tolerance, but its regulatory mechanisms are varied in different plants. Especially in strawberry, the molecular mechanism of CBF/DREB1 regulating cold tolerance is still unclear. In this study, we found that FveDREB1B was most significantly induced by cold stress in CBF/DREB1 family of diploid woodland strawberry. FveDREB1B was localized to the nucleus, and DREB1B sequences were highly conserved in diploid and octoploid strawberry, and even similar in Rosaceae. And FveDREB1B overexpressed strawberry plants showed delayed flowering and increased cold tolerance, while FveDREB1B silenced plants showed early flowering and decreased cold tolerance. Under cold stress, FveDREB1B activated FveSCL23 expression by directly binding to its promoter. Meanwhile, FveDREB1B and FveSCL23 interacted with FveDELLA, respectively. In addition, we also found that FveDREB1B promoted anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry leaves by directly activating FveCHS expression after cold treatment and recovery to 25°C. DREB1B genes were also detected to be highly expressed in cold‐tolerant strawberry resources ‘Fragaria mandschurica’ and ‘Fragaria nipponica’. In conclusion, our study reveals the molecular mechanism of FveDREB1B‐FveSCL23‐FveDELLA module and FveDREB1B‐FveCHS module to enhance the cold tolerance of woodland strawberry. It provides a new idea for improving the cold tolerance of cultivated strawberry and evaluating the cold tolerance of strawberry germplasm resources.
An Investigation Into the Measurement of Injury Severity in Running‐Related Injury Research: A Scoping Review
Authors: Lacey Aisling , Whyte Enda , Burke Aoife , O'Connor Siobhán , Dillon Sarah , Moran Kieran 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding injury severity is essential to inform injury prevention practice. The aims of this scoping review were to investigate how running‐related injury (RRI) severity is measured, compare how it differs across studies, and examine whether it influences study outcomes (i.e., injury rates and risk factor identification). This scoping review was prospectively registered with Open Science Framework. A systematic electronic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscuss, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases. Included studies were published in English between January 1980 and December 2023, investigated RRIs in adult running populations, and included a measure of injury severity. Results were extracted and collated. Sixty‐six studies were included. Two predominant primary criteria are used to define injury severity: the extent of the effect on running and/or the extent of the physical description. When secondary definition criteria are considered, 13 variations of injury severity measurement are used. Two approaches are used to grade injury severity: a categorization approach or a continuous numerical scale. Overall, the measurement of RRI severity is relatively inconsistent across studies. Less than half of studies report incidence rates per level of injury severity, while none report specific risk factors across levels, making it difficult to determine if the approach to measuring injury severity influences these study outcomes. This lack of information is possibly contributing to inconsistent rates of RRIs reported, and the lack of clarity on risk factors.
From Novice to Expert: How Expertise Shapes Motor Variability in Sports Biomechanics—a Scoping Review
Authors: Marineau Emile , Ducas Julien , Mathieu Janny , Rodriguez Alvaro De Pano , Descarreaux Martin , Abboud Jacques 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTWith expertise, athletes develop motor strategies that enhance sports performance or reduce functional costs. Motor variability is known as a relevant way to characterize these strategies in athletes with different levels of expertise. The aim of this scoping review is to gather and discuss the latest advances in the impact of expertise on motor variability during sports‐related tasks. A search encompassing three databases, Medline, SportDiscus, and Academic Search Complete, was performed. Our research methodology included three core themes: motor variability, laboratory instruments, and sports. Motor variability metrics (e.g., standard deviation and approximate entropy) and laboratory instruments (e.g., motion capture system, EMG, and force plate) were compiled. Athletes' expertise was defined by the time of deliberate practice, the performance results, or the level in which they performed. Overall, 48 of the 59 included studies determined that higher‐skilled athletes had lesser motor variability than lower‐skilled athletes. This difference in motor variability between skill levels was present within individual athletes (intra‐individual) and between athletes (inter‐individual). This result was independent of the criteria used to define expertise, the type of instrumentation used, and the metrics used to quantify motor variability.
Re‐evaluating treatment thresholds in patient blood management: Female patients experience more perioperative anaemia and higher transfusion rates in major elective surgery
Authors: Arya Sumedha , Howell Alanna , Vernich Lee , Lin Yulia , Pavenski Katerina , Freedman John 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBy optimizing erythropoiesis, patient blood management (PBM) programmes can reduce transfusions, lower mortality and provide cost‐effective care. While definitions of anaemia have historically varied by sex, for the purposes of PBM, anaemia is defined as a haemoglobin <130 g/L. Our objective was to describe whether perioperative anaemia and transfusion rates in the PBM setting vary by sex.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of the Ontario Nurse Transfusion Coordinators Program (ONTraC) database from 2018 to 2022. ONTraC collects data from 25 Ontario hospitals which together account for >70% of Ontario's provincial blood use (~400,000 units per year). We collected data on patients undergoing elective isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), open heart valve replacement, CABG plus valve replacement, single‐knee arthroplasty and single‐hip arthroplasty.ResultsFrom 2018 to 2022, 17,700 patients were included in the ONTraC program; 47% were females (N = 8376). Across almost all years and procedures, females were found to have a significantly lower pre‐operative, nadir and discharge haemoglobin as compared with males, irrespective of PBM interventions. Transfusion rates were significantly higher for females; this was most pronounced in cardiac surgery.ConclusionFemales experienced more perioperative anaemia and higher transfusion rates. Historic sex‐specific definitions of anaemia may contribute to a greater tolerance of anaemia in females. Prioritizing females for multimodal PBM and consistently achieving a pre‐operative haemoglobin >130 g/L may reduce the amount of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions that female patients receive.
Livestock‐associated spatial risk factors for human salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis
Authors: Mulder Annemieke Christine , Mughini‐Gras Lapo , van de Kassteele Jan , Blanken Sara Lynn , Pijnacker Roan , Franz Eelco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsMost human infections with non‐typhoid Salmonella (NTS) or Campylobacter are zoonotic in nature and acquired though consumption of contaminated food of mainly animal origin. However, individuals may also acquire salmonellosis or campylobacteriosis through non‐foodborne transmission pathways, such as those mediated by the environment. This emphasizes the need to consider both direct and indirect exposure to livestock sources as a possible transmission route for NTS and Campylobacter. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing whether salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis incidence is spatially associated with exposure to livestock (i.e. small ruminants, dairy cows, veal calves, laying hens, broiler chickens and pigs) in the Netherlands for the years 2007–2019 and 2014–2019 respectively.Methods and ResultsRisk factors (population‐weighted number of animals) and their population attributable fractions were determined using a Poisson regression model with a log‐link function fitted using integrated nested Laplace approximation. The analyses were performed for different hexagonal sizes (90, 50, 25 and 10 km2) and accounted for geographical coverage of the diagnostic laboratory catchment areas. Moreover, serological data were used to look into the possible effects of acquired immunity due to repeated exposure to the pathogen through the environment that would potentially hinder the analyses based on the incidence of reported cases. A linear mixed‐effects model was then fitted where the postal code areas were included as a random effect. Livestock was not consistently significantly associated with acquiring salmonellosis or campylobacteriosis in the Netherlands.ConclusionsResults showed that living in livestock‐rich areas in the Netherlands is not a consistently significant, spatially restricted risk factor for acquiring salmonellosis or campylobacteriosis, thereby supporting current knowledge that human infections with Salmonella and Campylobacter are mainly foodborne.
Evidence for large Holocene earthquakes along the Yangsan fault in the SE Korean Peninsula revealed in three-dimensional paleoseismic trenches
Authors: Naik Sambit Prasanajit , Rockwell Thomas K. , Jeong Su-Ho , Kim Young-Seog , Shin Hyeon-Cho , Choi Jeong-Heon , Ha Sangmin , Son Moon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Yangsan fault is the most prominent NNE-SSW–striking active right-lateral strike-slip fault crossing the Korean Peninsula, with a continuous trace of ~200 km. It can likely generate large earthquakes; however, the paleoseismic information on slip per event, slip rate, and timing of past ruptures along this fault remains sparse. To explore these parameters for the Yangsan fault, we excavated trenches across the central segment of the fault, which showed evidence for at least five surface-rupturing earthquakes preserved in Quaternary fluvial deposits. The timing of these earthquakes is discussed based on luminescence and radiocarbon ages. A close examination of three-dimensional trench exposures revealed that the most recent event(s) occurred during or slightly after the third century CE (one-event interpretation) or sixth to eighth century CE (two-event interpretation), and it was associated with 4.5 m to 5.3 m of lateral displacement of a paleochannel. The observed lateral displacement indicates that large earthquakes with a magnitude of around Mw 7 have taken place in the recent past, which is the first-ever direct evidence of large-magnitude earthquakes along the Yangsan fault. The penultimate event occurred after 17 ± 1 ka, whereas an earlier late Quaternary event occurred in the late Pleistocene, suggesting a recurrence interval in the range of 10,000 yr, and a consequent slip rate on the order of 0.5 mm/yr. The oldest observed ruptures are preserved below an erosional unconformity that probably dates back to the last interglacial period, based on infrared stimulated luminescence ages. An unknown number of ruptures may have occurred between the unconformity and subsequent sedimentation during the latest Pleistocene to Holocene period. Historical earthquake records indicate clustered behavior of moderate and large earthquakes along the Yangsan fault. Past faulting events and implied recurrence intervals constrain the long-term faulting behavior along the Yangsan fault and will contribute to a better seismic hazard assessment in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula.
Paris air quality monitoring for the 2024 Olympics and Paralympics: focus on air pollutants and pollen
Authors: Bougault Valerie , Valorso Richard , Sarda-Esteve Roland , Baisnee Dominique , Visez Nicolas , Oliver Gilles , Bureau Jordan , Abdoussi Fatine , Ghersi Veronique , Foret Gilles 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundExposure to air pollution can affect the health of individuals with respiratory disease, but may also impede the health and performance of athletes. This is potentially relevant for people travelling to and competing in the Olympic and Paralympic Games (OPG) in Paris. We describe anticipated air quality in Paris based on historical monitoring data and describe the impact of the process on the development of monitoring strategies for future international sporting events.MethodsAir pollutant data for July to September 2020–2023 and pollen data for 2015–2022 were provided by Airparif (particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3)) and RNSA stations in the Paris region. Airparif’s street-level numerical modelling provided spatial data for the OPG venues.ResultsThe maximum daily mean PM2.5was 11±6 µg/m3at traffic stations, below the WHO recommended daily air quality threshold (AQT). Daily NO2concentrations ranged from 5±3 µg/m3in rural areas to 17±14 µgm3in urban areas. Near traffic stations, this rose to 40±24 µg/m3exceeding the WHO AQT. Both peaked around 06:00 and 20:00 UTC (coordinated universal time). The ambient O3level exceeded the AQT on 20 days per month and peaked at 14:00 UTC. The main allergenic taxa from June to September was Poaceae (ie, grass pollen variety).ConclusionAir pollutant levels are expected to be within accepted air quality thresholds at the Paris OPG. However, O3concentrations may be significantly raised in very hot and clear conditions and grass pollen levels will be high, prompting a need to consider and manage this risk in susceptible individuals.
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of allopurinol on the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk, including the presence of long-COVID-19 syndrome: the ALL-VASCOR study protocol
Authors: Lewandowska Katarzyna , Lipski Dawid , Uruski Paweł , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Januszewicz Andrzej , Wolf Jacek , Prejbisz Aleksander , Rajzer Marek , Więcek Andrzej , Tykarski Andrzej 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionNumerous studies, but not all, have suggested a positive effect of allopurinol on the cardiovascular system. The randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of allopurinol on the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk, including the presence of long-COVID-19 syndrome (ALL-VASCOR) study aims to evaluate the efficacy of allopurinol therapy for improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients at high and very high cardiovascular risk excluding ischaemic heart disease. This is particularly important due to the high cost of cardiovascular disease treatment and its status as one of the leading causes of mortality.Methods and analysisThe ALL-VASCOR study is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial that examines the effect of allopurinol therapy (200–500 mg of allopurinol daily) versus an equivalent dose of placebo on the risk of cardiovascular events in 1116 patients aged 40–70 with serum uric acid levels above 5 mg/dL at high and very high risk of cardiovascular disease. The ALL-VASCOR study will also assess the occurrence of long-COVID-19 syndrome. The study will measure primary and secondary as well as additional endpoints and the planned intervention will end on 31 July 2028 unless advised otherwise by the Safe Monitoring Board or other applicable authorities. Participant recruitment is planned to begin in March 2024 in Poland.Ethics and disseminationThe study was ethically approved by the Bioethics Committee of Poznan University of Medical Sciences (No 03/23, 12 January 2023). The results are expected after 2028 and will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at international conferences.Protocol version number01–15 November 2022.Trial registration numberEudraCT: 2022-003573-32, 27 October 2022, ClinicalTrials:NCT05943821, 13 July 2023.
Development and application of a qualitative rapid analysis framework in a hybrid trial within primary care
Authors: Mathieson Amy , Elvey Rebecca , Wilson Paul 
Published: July 2024

ContextIn the context of iterative feedback loops to support real-time policy decision making, and an emphasis on speeding up adoption of evidence-based interventions, qualitative healthcare researchers are increasingly expected to produce rapid results and products. Traditional qualitative methods have been adapted for this purpose.ObjectiveTo develop and apply a rapid analysis framework in a process evaluation for the VICTORION-Spirit study; a ground-breaking hybrid trial examining real-world delivery of inclisiran—a cholesterol-lowering treatment—in primary care.DesignWe developed a rapid analysis framework, using a summary template, to analyse data from semistructured telephone interviews.SettingPrimary care in Greater Manchester, UK.ParticipantsPatients who had received inclisiran as part of the VICTORION-Spirit trial (56), providers delivering inclisiran (28) and representatives from the Academic Health Science Network (8) participated in the original study.ResultsThe rapid analysis framework we developed and applied comprised six steps: (1) creating a summary template based on the five Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains; (2) test-driving, refining and finalising the summary template; (3) completing the template soon after each interview using field notes; (4) discussing analysis as a team; (5) transferring summaries to a matrix; and (6) using the summary matrix to inform presentations and interim reports for stakeholders. Our rapid analysis framework saved time and improved efficiency, as we were able to feedback barriers to stakeholders in real time via presentations.ConclusionsRapid analysis in applied healthcare research can produce timely and trustworthy findings. Our rapid analysis framework would be useful within studies where there is a need to feedback to stakeholders and adjust implementation strategies accordingly in real time. Thus, supporting successful implementation efforts and accelerating adoption.Trial registration numberNCT04807400, 19/03/2021.
Assessing factors associated with compliance to preventive measures of COVID-19 in Rwanda: a cross-sectional community survey
Authors: Mugeni Regine , Ruranga Charles , Mutezimana Elias , Nishimwe Aurore , Nzabanita Joseph , Masabo Emmanuel , Akili Viviane , Twizeyimana Laurence , Bahati Odile , Uwimana Annie , Musabanabaganwa Clarisse , Semakula Muhamed , Rukundo Gilbert , Jansen Stefan , Mukamana Liberata , Rubagiza Jolly , Twagirumukiza Marc 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and compliance-associated factors in the Rwanda community.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingsCountry-wide community survey in Rwanda.Participants4763 participants were randomly sampled following the sampling frame used for the recent Rwanda Demographic Health Survey. Participants were aged between 22 years and 94 years.OutcomesThe participants’ compliance with three preventive measures (wearing a face mask, washing hands and social distancing) was the main outcome.MethodsFrom 14 February 2022 to 27 February 2022, a cross-sectional survey using telephone calls was conducted. Study questionnaires included different questions such as participants’ demographics and compliance with COVID-19 preventives measures. Verbal consent was obtained from each participant. The compliance on three main preventive measures (wearing a mask, washing hands and social distancing) were the main outcomes. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with compliance (age, gender, level of education, socioeconomic status).ResultsCompliance with the three primary preventive measures (washing hands 98%, wearing a mask 97% and observing social distance 98%) was at a rate of 95%. The respondents’ mean age was 46±11 SD (range 22–98) years. In addition, 69% were female and 86% had attended primary education. Bivariate and regression analyses indicated a significant association among the three primary preventive measures (p<0.05). The results showed factors associated significantly between the different models (p<0.05): proper mask use and social distancing in the hand washing model; hand washing, social distancing, avoiding handshakes and not attending gatherings in the proper mask use model; hand washing and avoiding handshakes in the social distancing model.ConclusionCompliance with the three key preventive measures against COVID-19 was high in the Rwandan community and these measures were interdependent. Therefore, the importance of all three measures should be emphasised for effective disease control.
Selective early medical treatment of the patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low gestational age infants: a pilot randomised controlled trial protocol (SMART-PDA)
Authors: Mitra Souvik , Hébert Audrey , Castaldo Michael , Disher Tim , El-Naggar Walid , Dhillon Santokh , Alhassen Ziad , Koo Jenny , Katheria Anup C , Hyderi Abbas , Kumaran Kumar , Makoni Marjorie , Weisz Dany E , Jain Amish , Bacchini Fabiana , Cameron Austin , Hatfield Tara , Dorling Jon , McNamara Patrick J , Thabane Lehana 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPatent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common cardiovascular problem that develops in extremely preterm infants and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Uncertainty exists on whether early pharmacotherapeutic treatment of a clinically symptomatic and echocardiography-confirmed haemodynamically significant PDA in extremely preterm infants improves outcomes. Given the wide variation in the approach to PDA treatment in this gestational age (GA) group, a randomised trial design is essential to address the question. Before embarking on a large RCT in this vulnerable population, it is important to establish the feasibility of such a trial.Methods and analysisDesign:a multi-centre, open-labelled, parallel-designed pilot randomised controlled trial.Participants:preterm infants born <26 weeks of gestation with a PDA diagnosed within 72 hours after birth.Intervention (selective early medical treatment (SMART) strategy):selective early pharmacological treatment of a moderate-severe PDA shunt (identified based on pre-defined clinical signs and routine screening echocardiography) within the first 72 postnatal hours with provision for repeat treatment if moderate-severe shunt persists.Comparison (early conservative management strategy):no treatment of PDA in the first postnatal week.Primary outcomes:(1) proportion of eligible infants recruited during the study period; (2) proportion of randomised infants treated outside of protocol-mandated therapy.Sites and sample size:the study is being conducted in seven neonatal intensive care units across Canada and the USA with a target of 100 randomised infants.Analysis:the primary feasibility outcomes will be expressed as proportions. A pre-planned Bayesian analysis will be conducted for secondary clinical outcomes such as mortality, severe intraventricular haemorrhage, procedural PDA closure and chronic lung disease to aid stakeholders including parent representatives decide on the appropriateness of enrolling this vulnerable population in a larger trial if the feasibility of recruitment in the pilot trial is established.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the IWK Research Ethics Board (#1027298) and six additional participating sites. On the completion of the study, results will be presented at national and international meetings, published in peer-reviewed journals and incorporated into existing systematic reviews.Trial registration numberNCT05011149(WHO Trial Registration Data Set in Appendix A).Protocol versionVer 7.2 (dated July 19, 2023).