bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterophase polymerization of different methacrylates: Effect of alkyl ester group on kinetics and colloidal behavior
Authors: Ovando‐Medina Víctor M. , Corona‐Rivera Miguel A. , Márquez‐Herrera Alfredo , Lara‐Ceniceros Tania E. , Manríquez‐González Ricardo , Peralta René D. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, methyl‐ (MMA), ethyl‐ (EMA), n‐butyl‐ (BMA), n‐hexyl (HMA), and 2‐ethyl hexyl (2‐EHMA) methacrylates were homopolymerized in heterophase at 60°C using sodium dodecyl sulfate as surfactant and potassium persulfate as initiator. The effects of monomer content in the reaction mixture (2.5 and 3.5 wt %) and the alkyl ester groups of the methacrylates on the kinetics, average particle diameter (Dp), molar masses, tacticity, and glass transition temperature (Tg) were studied. The final weight average molecular weights were in the range of 4.53 × 105 to 2.78 × 106 g/mol with polydispersities between 1.7 and 3.1 for different methacrylates. For 2.5 wt % of monomer concentration, the order of increase in polymerization rate was RpHMA > RpBMA > Rp2‐EHMA > RpEMA > RpMMA, whereas for 3.5 wt % of monomer concentration was RpBMA > RpHMA > Rp2‐EHMA > RpEMA > RpMMA. This behavior was ascribed to the differences in the water solubility, monomer partitioning between the different phases, and monomers reactivity. The Dp values varied between 42 and 65 nm, increasing according to the hydrophobicity of each monomer. 13C‐NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that 79–87% of syndiotactic configuration was obtained for the different polymers. The steric effect of the alkyl ester length in the methacrylates contributed directly to promote the syndiotactic configuration. Nevertheless, Tg values (between −7 and 120°C) for these polymers decreased when the alkyl ester length increased. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40191.
Preparation and properties of a polyether‐based polycarboxylate as an antiscalant for gypsum
Authors: Cao Ke , Zhou Yuming , Liu Guangqing , Wang Huchuan , Sun Wei 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTA polyether‐based copolymer of acrylic acid‐allylpolyethoxy maleic carboxylate (AA‐APEY) was prepared by copolymerization of allylpolyethoxy carboxylate (APEY) and acrylic acid (AA) at different mole ratios. The main aim of this work was to investigate the influence of AA‐to‐APEY mole ratios on the copolymer properties and scale inhibition performance for gypsum. The synthesized copolymer was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) and further conformed by 1H NMR. The effect of AA‐APEY on controlling calcium sulfate deposits was studied through static scale inhibition tests under standard solution conditions. And the result was compared with that of other polycarboxylates, which are similar to AA‐APEY in structure. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis were carried out to study the morphology and structure changes of calcium sulfate crystals in the presence of AA‐APEY. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40193.
Masked Thiol Sugars: Chemical Behavior and Synthetic Applications of S‐Glycopyranosyl‐N‐monoalkyl Dithiocarbamates
Authors: Megia‐Fernandez Alicia , de la Torre‐Gonzalez Diego , Parada‐Aliste Jose , Lopez‐Jaramillo Francisco Javier , Hernandez‐Mateo Fernando , Santoyo‐Gonzalez Francisco 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe chemical behavior of S‐glycopyranosyl‐N‐monoalkyl dithiocarbamates (DTCs) as masked 1‐glycosyl thiols, easily prepared by the nucleophilic displacement of 1‐halo sugars with dithiocarbamate salts of primary amines, has been studied and synthetically exploited. This behavior relies on the abstraction of the proton of the carbamate functionality that allows controlled access to thiolate sugar intermediates. The basic character of the DTC salts used as reagents leads to thiolates that evolve in situ to symmetrical diglycosyldisulfides (DGDSs) when long reaction times are allowed. Alternatively, controlled unmasking of the thiolate function can be efficiently attained by treatment with an external base of isolated anomeric glycosyl DTCs, the formation of which is prevalent when using short reaction times. In this manner, a second methodology for the preparation of symmetrical DGDSs and a chemical protocol for the S‐glycosylation of any electrophilic substrate are established. The applications of this last strategy for the preparation of thioglycosyl vinyl sulfones, thiodisaccharides, and S‐linked homo‐ and heterodivalent neoglycoconjugates are described as a proof‐of‐concept of the great potential of the sugar DTCs in any chemical scenario in which the covalent attachment of a thiol sugar is required. The evaluation of the biological functionality of some divalent sulfurated sugar systems is also described.
Randomized clinical trial of perioperative omega-3 fatty acid supplements in elective colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Sorensen L S , Thorlacius-Ussing O , Schmidt E B , Rasmussen H H , Lundbye-Christensen S , Calder P C , Lindorff-Larsen K 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) may have beneficial clinical effects, and n-3 FA supplements may improve outcome after surgery.

Methods
In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in single centre, patients referred for elective colorectal cancer surgery received either an n-3 FA-enriched oral nutritional supplement (ONS) (Supportan®, 200 ml twice daily) providing 2·0 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 1·0 g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per day, or a standard isocaloric and isonitrogenous ONS, for 7 days before and 7 days after surgery. The primary endpoint was infectious and non-infectious complications within 30 days of surgery. Secondary endpoints were length of hospital stay, intensive care unit admission, readmissions, and concentrations of marine n-3 FAs and arachidonic acid in granulocyte membranes.

Results
Some 148 consecutive patients (68 women, 80 men; mean age 71 (range 41–89) years) were randomized. There was no significant difference between groups in infectious or non-infectious postoperative complications (P = 1·000). Granulocyte levels of EPA, DHA and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) were significantly higher in the n-3 FA-enriched supplement group compared with the control group (P &lt; 0·001). The arachidonic acid level in granulocytes was significantly lower in the enriched group than in the control group (P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
EPA, DHA and DPA were incorporated into granulocytes in patients receiving n-3 FAs, but this was not associated with improved postoperative outcomes. Registration number: NCT00488904 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Streaming 3D deforming surfaces with dynamic resolution control
Authors: Zhang Lin , Dou Fei , Zhou Zhong , Wu Wei 
Published: November 2013

AbstractReal‐time streaming of shape deformations in a shared distributed virtual environment is a challenging task due to the difficulty of transmitting large amounts of 3D animation data to multiple receiving parties at a high frame rate. In this paper, we present a framework for streaming 3D shape deformations, which allows shapes with multi‐resolutions to share the same deformations simultaneously in real time. The geometry and motion of deforming mesh or point‐sampled surfaces are compactly encoded, transmitted, and reconstructed using the spectra of the manifold harmonics. A receiver‐based multi‐resolution surface reconstruction approach is introduced, which allows deforming shapes to switch smoothly between continuous multi‐resolutions. On the basis of this dynamic reconstruction scheme, a frame rate control algorithm is further proposed to achieve rendering at interactive rates. We also demonstrate an efficient interpolation‐based strategy to reduce computing of deformation. The experiments conducted on both mesh and point‐sampled surfaces show that our approach achieves efficient performance even if deformations of complex 3D surfaces are streamed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analytical solutions for tree‐like structure modelling using subdivision surfaces
Authors: Zhu Xiaoqiang , Jin Xiaogang , You Lihua 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe present a novel approach to efficiently modelling branch structures with high‐quality meshes. Our approach has the following advantages. First, the limit surface can fit the target skeleton models as tightly as possible by reversely calculating the control vertices of subdivision surfaces. Second, high performance is achieved through our proposed analytical solutions and the parallel subdivision scheme on a graphics processing unit. Third, a smooth manifold quad‐only mesh is produced from the adopted Catmull–Clark scheme. A number of examples are given to demonstrate applications of our approach in various branch structures, such as tree branches, animal torsos, and vasculatures. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensing during In Situ Growth of Mn‐Doped ZnS QDs: A Phosphorescent Sensor for Detection of H2S in Biological Samples
Authors: Wu Peng , Zhang Jinyi , Wang Shanlin , Zhu Airu , Hou Xiandeng 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMonitoring the in situ growth of Mn‐doped ZnS quantum dots is shown to be a route to selectively detect H2S, an important endogenously produced signalling molecule. The use of Mn2+ as a dopant resulted in orange phosphorescence, making it possible to avoid the background fluorescence from biological surroundings that can occur at other wavelengths. The choice of ZnS QDs as the host material ensured selectivity, since only sulfide can precipitate Zn2+ and Mn2+ from aqueous solution.
Nonparametric cure rate estimation with covariates
Authors: Xu Jianfeng , Peng Yingwei 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe propose a nonparametric method to assess the effects of one or more covariates on the cure rate for survival data with a cure fraction. The method extends the existing work on single sample and multiple sample cases and also allows for a continuous covariate. The proposed estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. A simulation study shows that the proposed method estimates the covariate effect on cure rate with smaller biases than the existing semi‐parametric cure models, particularly when the semi‐parametric cure models mis‐specify the effect. The proposed method is applied to a study for leukaemia patients to assess the effect of age on the chance of being cured after bone marrow transplantation. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 42: 1–17; 2014 © 2013 Statistical Society of Canada
Robust small area estimation under semi‐parametric mixed models
Authors: Rao Jon N. K. , Sinha Sanjoy K. , Dumitrescu Laura 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSmall area estimation has been extensively studied under unit level linear mixed models. In particular, empirical best linear unbiased predictors (EBLUPs) of small area means and associated estimators of mean squared prediction error (MSPE) that are unbiased to second order have been developed. However, EBLUP can be sensitive to outliers. Sinha & Rao (2009) developed a robust EBLUP method and demonstrated its advantages over the EBLUP in the presence of outliers in the random small area effects and/or unit level errors in the model. A bootstrap method for estimating MSPE of the robust EBLUP was also proposed. In this paper, we relax the assumption of linear regression for the fixed part of the model and we replace it by a weaker assumption of a semi‐parametric regression. By approximating the semi‐parametric mixed model by a penalized spline mixed model, we develop robust EBLUPs of small area means and bootstrap estimators of MSPE. Results of a simulation study are also presented. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 42: 126–141; 2014 © 2013 Statistical Society of Canada
Studies on the MxiH Protein in T3SS Needles Using DNP‐Enhanced ssNMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Fricke Pascal , Demers Jean‐Philippe , Becker Stefan , Lange Adam 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBacterial T3SS needles formed by the protein MxiH are studied using DNP‐enhanced ssNMR spectroscopy at 14.1 T (600 MHz). This technique provides spectra of good resolution, allowing us to draw conclusions about the protein dynamics. With the obtained signal enhancement, samples of limited quantity now get within reach of ssNMR studies.
The performance of uplink LDPC‐coded multirelay cooperation based on virtual V‐BLAST processing
Authors: Tang Lei , Yang Fengfan , Zhang Shunwai , Luo Lin 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThis paper proposes an efficient uplink low‐density parity‐check (LDPC)‐coded multirelay cooperation architecture based on virtual Vertical‐Bell Labs Layered Space–Time (V‐BLAST) processing over a Rayleigh fading channel, where minimum mean square error in combination with a successive interference canceller and belief propagation‐based joint iterative decoder based on the introduced multilayer Tanner graph are effectively designed to detect and decode the corrupted received sequence at the destination. By introducing V‐BLAST transmission to coded multirelay cooperation, relays send their symbol streams simultaneously, which significantly reduce the transmission delay and provide higher transmission efficiency. The theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the proposed LDPC‐coded cooperation scheme outperforms the coded noncooperation under the same code rate and achieves a better compromise, with respect to the performance, signal delay, and encoding complexity associated to the number of relays, than the conventional LDPC‐coded cooperations without V‐BLAST transmission. This performance gain can be credited to the proposed V‐BLAST processing architecture and belief propagation‐based joint iterative decoding by the introduced multilayer Tanner graph at a receiver side. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Machine‐to‐machine communications infrastructure for smart electric vehicle charging in private parking lots
Authors: López Gregorio , Custodio Víctor , Herrera Francisco J. , Moreno José Ignacio 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYThe great concern about climate change and fossil fuel dependency is strongly encouraging the development and use of electric vehicles. However, the wide adoption of such vehicles is not possible without the deployment of charging infrastructures capable of integrating them into current and future electricity grids. There are many on‐going research efforts and even products that propose different solutions to this problem. Standing out among them is the Spanish research project DOMOCELL, which aims at designing and developing a smart charging infrastructure for private parking lots. In this paper, we present its communications architecture, designed under the guidelines of efficiency, reliability, and scalability. In addition, we describe, supported by some practical use cases and emulations, how user authentication and authorization, as well as accounting and billing of power consumption, are performed even in roaming scenarios. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deceptive single‐locus taxonomy and phylogeography: Wolbachia‐associated divergence in mitochondrial DNA is not reflected in morphology and nuclear markers in a butterfly species
Authors: Kodandaramaiah Ullasa , Simonsen Thomas J. , Bromilow Sean , Wahlberg Niklas , Sperling Felix 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe satyrine butterfly Coenonympha tullia (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) displays a deep split between two mitochondrial clades, one restricted to northern Alberta, Canada, and the other found throughout Alberta and across North America. We confirm this deep divide and test hypotheses explaining its phylogeographic structure. Neither genitalia morphology nor nuclear gene sequence supports cryptic species as an explanation, instead indicating differences between nuclear and mitochondrial genome histories. Sex‐biased dispersal is unlikely to cause such mito‐nuclear differences; however, selective sweeps by reproductive parasites could have led to this conflict. About half of the tested samples were infected by Wolbachia bacteria. Using multilocus strain typing for three Wolbachia genes, we show that the divergent mitochondrial clades are associated with two different Wolbachia strains, supporting the hypothesis that the mito‐nuclear differences resulted from selection on the mitochondrial genome due to selective sweeps by Wolbachia strains.
Structural, Magnetic, and Vibrational Investigations of FeIII Spin‐Crossover Compounds [Fe(4‐MeO–SalEen)2]X with X = NO3– and PF6–
Authors: Tissot Antoine , Fertey Pierre , Guillot Régis , Briois Valérie , Boillot Marie‐Laure 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe spin‐crossover properties of two spin‐crossover materials [FeIII(4‐MeO–SalEen)2]X (X = NO3–, PF6–, and H–4‐MeO–SalEen = condensation product of 4‐methoxy‐substituted salicylaldehyde and N‐ethylethylenediamine) in the crystalline form were investigated by magnetic and―for the first time at SOLEIL Synchrotron―combined single‐crystal Raman and X‐ray diffraction measurements. The NO3– salt exhibits a spin transition at approximately 78 K with a thermal hysteresis (ΔT = 7.5 K), whereas the PF6– salt shows a progressive spin crossover centered at approximately 225 K. For this latter compound, the reversible curve extracted from the single‐crystal Raman measurements is fully comparable with the magnetic and structural data. The crystal structures were determined at 293, 100, and 50 K (for X = NO3–) and 293 and 106 K (for X = PF6–). It appears from this analysis that the hysteretic behavior of the NO3– salt results from a first‐order isostructural phase transition. The strongly cooperative and bistable behavior of this compound is favored at such a temperature by a 2D network of complexes that communicate through moderate intermolecular interactions. The presence of direct van der Waals contacts that involve the phenolato groups linked to the FeIII ions might influence the ligand‐field strength and the transition temperature. The thermal trapping of the metastable HS phase was magnetically detected, and its relaxation to the LS ground state was observed at approximately 34.5 K. The spin crossover of the PF6– compound was analyzed as the combination of progressive processes that characterize quite similar cations that occupy two crystallographic sites.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Cross‐Coupling Reactions by Single Electron Transfer (SET)
Authors: Sythana Suresh Kumar , Unni Santhosh , Kshirsagar Yogesh M. , Bhagat Pundlik R. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA facile, efficient, single‐step protocol for the synthesis of cinnoline derivatives by a transition‐metal‐free coupling between amino‐ and nitroaryl compounds by single electron transfer (SET) has been developed. Direct carbon–carbon bond formation was achieved from nonfunctionalized aromatic carbon atoms. A plausible mechanism has been proposed.
Concise Syntheses and Biological Activities of Ganomycin I and Fornicin A
Authors: Yajima Arata , Urao Shota , Katsuta Ryo , Nukada Tomoo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe first enantioselective syntheses of ganomycin I, a meroterpenoid isolated from the Vietnamese mushroom Ganoderma colossum, and the related meroterpenoid fornicin A were accomplished. Our methodology for the total syntheses of these compounds featured the construction of the butenolide moiety by asymmetric dihydroxylation followed by Julia–Kocienski type olefin formation and ring‐closing metathesis reactions. The absolute configurations of the two natural products were determined by comparisons of specific rotation. A cell‐based assay of the synthetic compounds with transfected human embryonic kidney 293 tet‐off (E‐PR293) cells indicated that ganomycin I possesses cytotoxicity and fornicin A possesses weak anti‐HIV‐1 protease activity without cytotoxicity.
Facile Assembly of 1‐[(Trifluoromethyl)thio]isoquinolines through Reaction of 2‐Alkynylbenzaldoxime with Silver (Trifluoromethyl)thiolate
Authors: Xiao Qing , Sheng Jie , Ding Qiuping , Wu Jie 
Published: November 2013

Abstract1‐[(Trifluoromethyl)thio]isoquinolines can be assembled through silver(I)‐catalyzed reaction of 2‐alkynylbenzaldoxime with silver (trifluoromethyl)thiolate in the presence of p‐methoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride. The (trifluoromethyl)thio moiety (SCF3) could be easily introduced into the scaffold of isoquinoline under mild conditions.
Introduction of Ketamine as a G‐Quadruplex‐Binding Ligand Using Platinum Nanoparticle Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Bagheryan Zahra , Raoof Jahan‐Bakhsh , Ojani Reza , Hamidi‐Asl Ezat 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe designed an electrochemical platform by modifying a carbon paste electrode (CPE) with platinum nanoparticles to study the interaction between ketamine and the G‐quadruplex structure of human telomeric DNA (G4HTD). The drug ketamine (Kt) was used as the model ligand and its ability for stabilizing the G‐quadruplex structure was examined. The modified CPE (NPtCPE) was characterized by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The interaction of Kt with G4HTD was studied by DPV and the DPV current decreased with increasing Kt concentration. The results from UV‐vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy showed a prominent intercalation mode between G4HTD and Kt.
Capacity conservation ratio: a novel interference constraint for spectrum sharing
Authors: Inage Kei , Fujii Takeo , Muraoka Kazushi , Ariyoshi Masayuki 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper presents an interference constraint and power control schemes based on the capacity conservation ratio (CCR). The CCR is the ratio of the decreased capacity in the spectrum sharing to the original capacity of a system. By utilising the CCR as a metric to protect the primary user, a secondary user can achieve sufficient performance, without a large degradation in the primary capacity. In this paper, we propose novel power control schemes under interference constraints based on the CCR, with consideration of the fading effect, by using theoretical analysis. There are two types of power control schemes, namely, an exact power control scheme (EPCS) and a simplified power control scheme (SPCS). The EPCS can control the outage probability; however, a numerical analytic approach is necessary to determine the transmit power. In contrast, the SPCS can be used to derive the transmit power from a closed form with an archiving requirement of the constraint. We analytically derive the average capacity of the primary user and secondary user and the complementary cumulative distribution function of the primary capacity. From these numerical results, we show that the interference constraint based on the CCR achieves better performance in underlay spectrum sharing than the other two interference constraints. Furthermore, the SPCS can achieve a performance equivalent to that of the EPCS, and the SPCS can protect both the low and the high primary capacities under the same constraint. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.