bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dummy-template imprinted bovine serum albumin for extraction of zearalenone
Authors: Presnyakov Kirill , Ilicheva Polina , Tsyupka Daria , Khudina Ekaterina , Pozharov Mikhail , Pidenko Pavel , Burmistrova Natalia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop molecularly imprinted protein specific to zearalenone (ZEN). The primary idea of our study was to replace the toxic template (ZEN) with dummy template (4-hydroxicoumarin) during the synthesis of imprinted proteins (IPs). The choice of the dummy template was made based on the results of comprehensive evaluation that included a combination of blind docking and molecular dynamic simulations. Furthermore, the influence of protonation and purification conditions to IPs sorption capacity was studied. 3D fluorescence spectroscopy was used for monitoring the process of bovine serum albumin (BSA) imprinting. The modified purification approach allowed reducing the eluent volume and purification time by approximately 300 and 48 times. . The imprinted BSA was then used to produce bioinorganic sorbent (IPs-BIS) based on SiO2 nanoparticles, that, as far as we know, have never been described before. The synthesized IPs-BIS were successfully applied as ZEN sorbents in model solutions (Qmax = 1.70±0.15 mg g−1, imprinting factor = 2.5) and artificially contaminated wheat extract (Qmax = 2.24±0.02 mg g−1) confirmed by HPLC–UV determination. We believe that our method can be used for mycotoxins monitoring in animal feeds and foodstuff.
ERCP application in preoperative complications of pediatric choledochal cyst
Authors: Zhang Tian , Wu Wenjie , Shu Yijun , Weng Hao , Weng Mingzhe , Zhou Ying , Wang Xuefeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose Currently, there is no established guideline for the application of ERCP in children with choledochal cyst. This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of ERCP in nmanaging preoperative complications of choledochal cyst in children, as well as the timing for definitive surgery following ERCP. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of medical records for 68 pediatric patients who presented with complications of choledochal cyst, including pancreatitis and biliary obstruction combined with cholangitis. All patients underwent ERCP treatment followed by definitive surgery. The primary outcomes assessed included treatment efficacy, post-ERCP complication, and the impact of ERCP on definitive surgical procedures. Results Among the 68 patients studied, 41 presented with pancreatitis, while the remaining patients had biliary obstruction and cholangitis. Sixty-five patients successfully completed their treatments, with 64 experiencing alleviation of symptoms. Significant improvements were observed in serum amylase levels and liver function tests following ERCP. Post-ERCP complications occurred in three cases, including one case of pancreatitis and two cases of infection. The median interval between ERCP and surgery was 11 days. There was no significant difference in primary outcomes, such as surgical duration, rate of minimally invasive surgery, conversion to open surgery, intraoperative bleeding volume, intraoperative blood transfusion, postoperative complications, or average length of hospital stay, between the early surgery group (≤ 2 weeks) and the late surgery group (> 2 weeks). Conclusion ERCP was proved to be a safe and effective intervention for alleviating preoperative complications in pediatric patients with choledochal cyst. Early definitive surgery following ERCP did not significantly impact the perioperative outcomes of pediatric patients.
Sex differences in blood accumulation of neurodegenerative-related proteins and antioxidant responses to regular physical exercise
Authors: Chelucci Elisa , Scarfò Giorgia , Piccarducci Rebecca , Rizza Antonio , Fusi Jonathan , Epifani Francesco , Carpi Sara , Polini Beatrice , Betti Laura , Costa Barbara , Taliani Sabrina , Cela Vito , Artini Paolo , Daniele Simona , Martini Claudia , Franzoni Ferdinando 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Physical activity (PA) has been demonstrated to improve cognitive function, thereby preventing/slowing neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Biological responses to PA and vulnerabilities to NDs are emerging to be gender-related. Herein, known ND-associated markers (β-amyloid, tau, α-synuclein), main sex steroid hormones, antioxidant responses, and key gene transcription modulators were evaluated in the blood of physically active and sedentary women and men. In our hands, females presented higher basal erythrocytes β-amyloid and α-synuclein amounts than males. Regular PA was able to significantly reduce the erythrocytes content of β-amyloid in females and the tau levels in males, suggesting that these differences may be mediated by organizational actions of sex steroid hormones during development. Furthermore, despite a comparable plasma antioxidant capability (AOC) between males and females, in the latter group PA significantly enhance AOC versus peroxynitrite radicals only. Finally, regular PA modulated the levels of transcription factor Nrf2 in erythrocytes, as well as the plasma concentration of the microRNA miR-195, miR-153, suggesting promotion of antioxidant/autophagic processes associated to ND-related proteins. Overall, these results could shed light on how cerebral adaptations to PA differs between males and females, especially with regard to blood accumulation of ND-proteins and mechanisms of antioxidant responses to regular exercise.
Exploring Microplastic Interactions with Reef-Building Corals Across Flow Conditions
Authors: Axworthy Jeremy B. , Wang Sicheng , Sofield Ruth M. , Chávez-Dorado Julio E. , DiBenedetto Michelle H. , Padilla-Gamiño Jacqueline L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Microplastics are increasing in marine environments worldwide, but their fate is not fully understood. Reef-building corals are suggested to serve as sinks for microplastics via active removal through ingestion and passive removal by adhesion. However, it is unknown which type of plastics are more likely to be ingested or adhered to corals and whether water flow or coral morphology affects these processes. We exposed the corals, Leptoseris sp., Montipora capitata, Montipora digitata, and Pocillopora acuta to weathered polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, and polystyrene fragments under three unidirectional flow regimes (2.6, 5.0 and 7.5 cm s− 1). Adhesion rates were 3.9 times higher than ingestion rates and fibers were the dominant type of microplastics for both ingestion and adhesion. Flow significantly affected adhesion but not ingestion. Species was a significant factor for both ingestion and adhesion, but we did not find a significant correlation to morphological traits for either process. Moreover, on M. capitata, we observed higher adhesion rates on exposed skeleton than live tissue, suggesting that M. capitata actively removes microplastics from its surface and that non-living sections of reefs may also serve as an important sink for microplastic pollution. Our data revealed that processes that influence coral and microplastic interactions are complex but appear to be species-specific and are likely influenced by feeding strategies and other characteristics of corals. We also highlight the potential for non-living structures on reefs to serve as microplastic sinks.
Leveraging Geo-Spatial Data to Model Cervical Cancer Incidence Patterns in Southwestern Uganda.
Authors: Engwau Tonny , Kawuma Simon , Kajabwangu Rogers 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is a major public health issue in Uganda, causing over 2,500 deaths annually. Despite the high burden, most Ugandan women lack access to preventive services such as vaccination and screening due to geographic, financial, and health system barriers. Studies have documented geographic disparities in cervical cancer outcomes; however, spatial techniques have been underutilized to guide resource allocation. This research aimed to develop a geospatial model to identify priority areas for intervention.
Aim: To enhance cervical cancer surveillance through geospatial modeling by quantifying geographic distributions, spatial relationships, and accessibility gaps in southwestern Uganda.
Methods: Cervical cancer registry data from the MRRH were integrated with granular spatial information on health facilities, roads, sociodemographic, sexual behaviors, and HIV prevalence to enable multifaceted investigations of risk factors shaping observed geographic cancer patterns. Hotspot analysis, spatial regression, buffer analysis, and weighted risk overlay modeling were implemented to guide the modeling.
Results: Significant hotspots of high cervical cancer incidence were identified in Buhweju (Gi* z score: 4.21, p<0.001) and Ibanda (Gi* z score: 3.87, p=0.002), where rates spiked over 100 per 100,000 women. Rural populations also had 2.15-fold greater odds of having late-stage disease. Women residing more than 5 km from the nearest screening site faced 38% lower odds of utilizing services compared to those residing within 5 km, highlighting severe distance decay effects on prevention.
Conclusions: Significant geographic disparities exist in cervical cancer burden and prevention access in southwestern Uganda. Spatial modeling provided actionable evidence for decentralizing services to address barriers.
The influence of healthcare support and outdoor access on pregnancy-related anxiety and attachment to the unborn baby, during COVID-19 in England
Authors: Aydin Ezra , Frater Jessica , Weiss Staci Meredith , Austin Topun , Barlow Jane , Johnson Mark H. , Lloyd-Fox Sarah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Limited research has been conducted to evaluate the impact of governmental guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic on prenatal maternal anxiety and maternal-fetal attachment. Using survey data from the UK longitudinal Covid in the Context of Pregnancy, Infancy and Parenting (CoCoPIP) Study, we investigated the impact of perceived healthcare support and access to outdoor space on pregnancy-related anxiety and attachment to their unborn baby. 304 families were recruited during pregnancy (maternal age 17–46 years; between July 2020 and April 2021). Anxiety and attachment in expectant women were measured using the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R) and the Antenatal Emotional Attachment Scale (AEAS). Findings show reduced healthcare support (p < .001) and access to outdoor spaces (p < .001) coupled with heightened COVID-related depressive symptoms (p < .001) heightened pregnancy-related anxiety (p < .001). In addition, results revealed that the relationship between heightened experience of depressive symptoms and pregnancy related anxiety was moderated by social support (p < .01). No significant associations were found between healthcare support and access to outdoor space in relation to attachment to the unborn baby. These findings are discussed alongside possible avenues for future research as well as recommendations with regard to the need for support for expectant families in the event of future events similar to COVID-19.
Optimizing Energy-Efficient Grid Performance: Integrating Electric Vehicles, DSTATCOM, and Renewable Sources using the Hippopotamus Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Abdelaziz M. A. , Ali A. A. , Swief R. A. , Elazab Rasha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study explores the intricate relationships among renewable energy integration, electric vehicle (EV) adoption, and their effects on power grid performance. The need for optimized integration of EV charging stations (EVCSs), Distribution Static Compensators (DSTATCOMs), and photovoltaic (PV) systems to enhance network efficiency and stability is addressed. Using the IEEE 69-bus system, this study evaluates four scenarios, each incorporating different combinations of EVCSs, PVs, and DSTATCOMs. Introducing the Renewable Distributed Generation Hosting Factor (RDG-HF) and Electric Vehicle Hosting Factor (EV-HF) as pivotal metrics, this research aims to optimize the placement and sizing of these components using the Hippopotamus Optimization Algorithm (HO). The integration of EVCSs, PVs, and DSTATCOMs significantly reduced the power loss (up to 31.5%) and reactive power loss (up to 29.2%), highlighting the technical benefits of optimized integration. Economically, the scenarios demonstrate varying payback periods (2.7 to 10.4 years) and substantial long-term profits (up to $1,052,365 over 25 years), emphasizing the importance of strategic integration for maximizing economic benefits alongside technical performance improvements.
The Effect of Molecular Structure on the Inhibition of Corrosion of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium by 1-[(4-methoxyphenyl) (Morpholino-4- Yl)methyl]urea
Authors: M Anwar Sathiq 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The versatile chemistry of Mannich bases offers many opportunities for creating tailor-made molecular structures suited to different needs by simple and relatively inexpensive procedures that can be readily carried out. The choice of the Mannich base, namely, 1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)(morpholino-4-yl)methyl]urea (MMPU), has been primarily based on the idea of a clear picture of the role of electron-donating nature of the substituents groups in phenyl ring of the Mannich bases that chiefly govern the electrostatic interaction and chemisorption which decides the inhibition performance of the compounds. The standard weight loss studies, gasometric, potentiodynamic polarization and impedance studies form the methodology of the experimental approaches. The weight loss techniques to be studied at room temperature and elevated temperatures will be useful in determining the inhibition efficiency of the compounds. The polarization studies are intended to evaluate the corrosion potential, corrosion current and Tafel slopes, which will help to propose a suitable mechanism of inhibition. The charge transfer resistance and double-layer capacity values are to be calculated through impedance measurement. The surface coverage values calculated from the weight loss techniques will help to propose a suitable adsorption isotherm that characterizes the adsorption process which is primarily responsible for the inhibition process. The surface examination of the metal specimen both under corroded and inhibited conditions is to be made through Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) studies. The performance of the compounds is to be identified based on the above experimental results and correlated with the structural and electronic effects. This will help us to have a clear insight into the process of inhibition and performance of the compounds which culminate in the identification of some potential pickling inhibitors.
GC-YOLOX: Privacy Small Object Detection Algorithm
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhao Xiangmo , Wang Peng , Di Ruohai , Li Liangliang , Li Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study addresses the challenges in autonomous driving scenarios, including the unclear definition of privacy targets, the propensity for missed detections on small road objects, as well as the generally low detection efficiency. To tackle these issues, we have constructed a privacy target detection dataset and proposed a YOLOX-based algorithm for autonomous driving perception. Firstly, the privacy target detection dataset was developed in accordance with the 'Several Provisions on Automotive Data Security Management.' Secondly, an Efficient Multi-scale Residual Attention (EMA) mechanism was constructed and integrated with the concept of residual connections to enhance the network's capacity for processing feature information. Thirdly, we introduced the Global Contextual Information Fusion (GCIF) structure to enrich the feature information within images, thereby improving the detection of small targets and refining classification and regression tasks. Fourthly, the Enhanced Intersection over Union (EIOU) Loss function was employed to further refine the algorithm's regression capabilities, which in turn, elevated the model's overall performance. Finally, in the experimental evaluation, our proposed algorithm was compared with other mainstream algorithms using both the newly constructed privacy target detection dataset and the established KITTI dataset. The comparative analysis demonstrated that our algorithm outperformed others in terms of detection performance. Specifically, on the privacy target detection dataset, the mean Average Precision (mAP), mAP at 0.5 Intersection over Union (mAP@0.5), and mAP at a small object scale (mAP@s) were 47.2%, 86.4%, and 41.7%, respectively. On the KITTI dataset, these metrics achieved 64.9%, 92.6%, and 55.4%, respectively. These results indicate a significant enhancement in the detection performance of the YOLOX algorithm for privacy targets and small road objects.
Comparison of Hand Grip Strength and Hand Arm Anthropometric Measures among Volleyball and Basketball Players-A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Patel Divya J. , Bhatt Krishna , Ghevariya Kruti , Joshi Pranjal 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Handgrip strength and hand-arm anthropometric measures were essential for preventing injuries and developing overall strength in player selection and practice enhancement in sports like basketball and volleyball. The purpose of the study was to assess the hand grip strength and hand arm anthropometry measures of both players and compare the hand grip strength and hand anthropometric measures of volleyball and basketball players.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the sports field. Data was collected over a three-month period (February–April 2019). A total of 60 players (n = 30 volleyball and n = 30 basketball) were recruited for the study based on inclusion criteria using the purposive sampling method. Hand-arm Anthropometric measurements were used to measure the components of the arm, hand, and fingers, along with their grip strength. Descriptive analysis was performed to analyze the anthropometric measures and grip strength of both groups. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to ascertain the relationship between anthropometric variables and grip strength. T-test was performed to compare the grip strength of both groups. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results
There was a major difference (MD = 3.63) seen among volleyball and basketball players. The hand grip strength of basketball players was greater (p = 0.021) than the volleyball players. The finger span, finger length, and perimeter showed significant correlation (p < 0.05) between basketball and volleyball players.
Conclusion
The study concludes that basketball players had relatively more strength than volleyball players. A significant correlation has been seen between grip strength, finger span, and hand perimeter.
Predictive modeling of cycloplegic refraction using non-cycloplegia ocular parameters with emphasis on lens-related features
Authors: SU Qiang , DU Bei , LI Bingqin , YANG Chen , GE Yicheng , HAN Haochen , KEE Chea-Su , LI Wenxue , WEI Ruihua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Utilizing non-cycloplegia ocular parameters in the routine optometry examinations, this study focuses on developing a predictive model for ocular refraction after cycloplegia. The predictive model, incorporating lens-related features, outperformed a model without such features. Notably, the IOLcl group exhibited the highest predictive accuracy with r2 of 0.964, MSE of 0.241, RMSE of 0.472, and MAE of 0.307. The physical model, validated through AS-OCT data, highlighted the anterior surface of the lens as a primary contributor to refraction changes after cycloplegia. Insights into optical mechanisms suggested a natural preference for anterior surface adjustments due to lower force requirements, enhancing the efficiency of the accommodation process. Overall, this predictive model has potential advantages to relieve outpatient congestion, avoid cycloplegia complications and widespread apply for vision screening of optometry.
Comprehensive Analysis of Sports Discourse: Sentiment Dynamics, Derogatory Speech Patterns, and Topic Modeling during FIFA 2018 World Cup
Authors: Karki Sejal , Parasher Siddharth , Divedi Pallav , Aggarwal Amit , Mittal Ankush 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The global phenomenon of sports fandom went into overdrive during the 2018 FIFA World Cup, reflecting deep emotional investment by audiences worldwide. Hence, this study delved deeper into the complex interplay of sport events, Twitter discourses, and mental health—leaning on solid experience in the field of sports informatics and social media analytics. Using state-of-the-art methodologies—BERT-based topic modeling,CatBoost classification and sentiment analysis—we analyzed tweets on the national teams over temporal phases. The research found that a huge increase in negative speech over mental health was present after team losses, while victories—although generally positive—also brought inter-fandom conflicts. Social media reveals its dual nature; it can be a source of amplifying the voice of sports fans but also a purveyor of harm. Our research findings have critical implications, thereby putting pressure on the need for strategic interventions in order to have positive online behaviors and decrease the destructive effects of digital negativity on athletes and fans. This paper seeks to offer a nuanced insight into the emotional dynamics within sports discourses to offer important contributions toward designing mental health initiatives and encouraging a healthier online sports community.
High-throughput analysis of microbiomes in a meat processing facility: Are food processing facilities an establishment niche for persisting bacterial communities?
Authors: Xu Zhaohui S. , Pham Vi D. , Yang Xianqin , Gänzle Michael G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Microbial spoilage in meat impedes the development of sustainable food systems. However, our understanding of the origin of spoilage microbes is limited. Here, we describe a detailed longitudinal study that assesses the microbial dynamics in a meat processing facility using high-throughput culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches to reveal the diversity, dispersal, persistence, and biofilm formation of spoilage-associated microbes.
Results
Culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches revealed a large diversity of microbes within the meat facility, including 71 undescribed bacterial taxa and multiple spoilage-associated microbes. Ten out of 10 reconstituted microbial communities formed biofilms and the biofilm biomass was generally higher at 4°C than at 25°C. Isolates obtained at different sampling times or from different sampling sites that differed in fewer than 10 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms were considered the same (persistent) strains. Strains of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum and Rahnella rivi persisted over a period of 6 month across sampling sites and time, stemming from floor drains in the cooler room. Meat isolates of Carnobacterium divergens, Rahnella inusitata and Serratia proteamaculans originated from food-contact and non-food contact environments of the packaging area.
Conclusions
Culture-dependent isolation, complemented by culture-independent analyses, is essential to fully uncover the microbial diversity in food processing facilities. Microbial populations permanently resided within the meat processing facility, serving as a source of transmission of spoilage microbes. The ability of these microbes to coexist and form biofilms facilitates their persistence. Our data together with prior data on persistence of Listeria monocytogenes indicates that microbial persistence in food processing facilities is the rule rather than an exception.