bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are psychiatric team meetings patient centred? A cross-sectional survey on patient views regarding multi-disciplinary team meetings
Authors: Carey C. , Lally J. , Abba-Aji A. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesThe system of weekly psychiatric ward rounds is being challenged and multi-disciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) involving inpatients have been developed. These aim to improve integration between medical and social services and increase patient involvement in their care. However, such large meetings are potentially threatening to the patient. This survey aimed to examine inpatient experience of MDTMs and identify factors that significantly alter this experience.MethodsIn this cross-sectional survey we assessed patient opinion regarding patient inclusive MDTMs in a psychiatric inpatient unit. A total of 27 participants (response rate 90%) were included. We utilised descriptive statistics and Fisher’s exact test for non-parametric data where appropriate.ResultsIn all, 85% (n=23) of patients identified the consultant psychiatrist as a member that they would like to have present at the MDTM. The ward nurse was identified by 63% (n=17) of patients. In all, 48% (n=13) of patients reported feeling anxious/threatened at the MDTM. In all, 70% (n=19) of patients stated that they would have felt less threatened at the MDTM if there were fewer people in attendance. A significant number of voluntary patients (n=11) felt threatened/anxious at the MDTM compared with involuntary patients (n=2) (χ2=4.921, df=1, p=0.026).ConclusionThe central findings of this study are that patients would prefer fewer people at the MDTM and would feel less threatened/anxious if they participated in selecting those in attendance. These findings suggest that greater patient involvement in preparation for the MDTM could result in a less anxiety filled experience for them.
Plasticity of lifespan: a reaction norm perspective
Authors: Flatt Thomas 
Published: September 2014

It is a well-appreciated fact that in many organisms the process of ageing reacts highly plastically, so that lifespan increases or decreases when the environment changes. The perhaps best-known example of such lifespan plasticity is dietary restriction (DR), a phenomenon whereby reduced food intake without malnutrition extends lifespan (typically at the expense of reduced fecundity) and which has been documented in numerous species, from invertebrates to mammals. For the evolutionary biologist, DR and other cases of lifespan plasticity are examples of a more general phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a single genotype to produce different phenotypes (e.g. lifespan) in response to changes in the environment (e.g. changes in diet). To analyse phenotypic plasticity, evolutionary biologists (and epidemiologists) often use a conceptual and statistical framework based on reaction norms (genotype-specific response curves) and genotype × environment interactions (G × E; differences in the plastic response among genotypes), concepts that biologists who are working on molecular aspects of ageing are usually not familiar with. Here I briefly discuss what has been learned about lifespan plasticity or, more generally, about plasticity of somatic maintenance and survival ability. In particular, I argue that adopting the conceptual framework of reaction norms andG × Einteractions, as used by evolutionary biologists, is crucially important for our understanding of the mechanisms underlying DR and other forms of lifespan or survival plasticity.
Vowel development in an emergent Mandarin-English bilingual child: a longitudinal study
Authors: YANG JING , FOX ROBERT A. , JACEWICZ EWA 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis longitudinal case study documents the emergence of bilingualism in a young monolingual Mandarin boy on the basis of an acoustic analysis of his vowel productions recorded via a picture-naming task over 20 months following his enrollment in an all-English (L2) preschool at the age of 3;7. The study examined (1) his initial L2 vowel space, (2) the process of L1-L2 separation, and (3) his L1 vowel system in relation to L2. The child initially utilized his L1 base in building the L2 vowel system. The L1-L2 separation started from a drastic restructuring of his working vowel space to create maximal contrast between the two languages. Meanwhile, L1 developmental processes and influence of L2 on L1 were also in effect. The developmental profile of this child uncovered strategies sequential bilingual children may use to restructure their phonetic space and construct a new system of contrasts in L2.
Intensive low-glycaemic-load dietary intervention for the management of glycaemia and serum lipids among women with gestational diabetes: a randomized control trial
Authors: Ma Wen-Jun , Huang Zhi-Hong , Huang Bi-Xia , Qi Ben-Hua , Zhang Yan-Jun , Xiao Ben-Xi , Li Yuan-Hong , Chen Li , Zhu Hui-Lian 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to compare the effects of a general dietary intervention and an intervention with low glycaemic load (GL) on glycaemic control, blood lipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.DesignParticipants were randomly assigned to two groups, receiving either an individualized general dietary intervention (Control group) or an intensive low-GL intervention (Low-GL group) every two weeks, from 24–26 weeks of gestation to delivery.SettingThe Center of Maternal Primary Care in Guangdong General Hospital, China.SubjectsNinety-five women with gestational diabetes mellitus were enrolled from June 2008 to July 2009.ResultsAfter the intervention, both groups significantly decreased their dietary intakes of energy, fat and carbohydrate. The Low-GL group had significantly lower values for GL (122 v. 136) and glycaemic index (50 v. 54) but greater dietary fibre intake (33 v. 29 g/d) than did the Control group (all P<0·01). Significantly greater decreases in fasting plasma glucose (−0·33 v. −0·02 mmol/l, P<0·01) and 2 h postprandial glucose (−2·98 v. −2·51 mmol/l, P<0·01), significantly lower increases in total cholesterol (0·12 v. 0·23 mmol/l) and TAG (0·41 v. 0·56 mmol/l) and a significantly lower decrease in HDL cholesterol (−0·01 v. −0·11 mmol/l) were also observed in the Low-GL group compared with the Control group (all P<0·05). There were no significant differences in body weight gain, birth weight or other maternal–fetal perinatal outcomes between the two groups.ConclusionsThe low-GL targeted dietary intervention outperformed the general dietary intervention in glycaemic control and the improvement of blood lipid levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Exploring the mechanism for mycobiosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Aspergillus spp. and optimisation of synthesis parameters
Authors: Manjunath Sangappa , Thiagarajan Padma 
Published: September 2014

The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) was observed by the brown colour formation of fungal filtrate because of the reduction of silver ions to nano form. The UV scan of the filtrate revealed absorption peaks at 430 and 360 nm, which correspond to silver nanoparticles and inorganic phosphate, respectively. The simultaneous increase in the absorption of both peaks, at each successive recording revealed that the synthesis of nanoparticles is accompanied with the release of inorganic phosphate. The mechanism could possibly involve inactive phosphorylated nitrate reductase, which converts into the active dephosphorylated form during its contact with silver ions by releasing inorganic phosphate. The enzyme may then reduce Ag+ ions to silver nanoparticles (Ag0). Inorganic phosphate production was noticed only in A. flavus, A. niger and A. terreus as no peak at 360 nm was observed in filtrates of Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma reesei. Powder‐X‐ray diffractometry analysis revealed four peaks for 2θ values which correspond to a face‐centred cubic crystal structure. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum indicated the presence of various functional groups. Transmission electron microscope analysis showed nanoparticle sizes of between 3 and 25 nm. Atomic force microscope images showed different shapes of nanoparticles at various concentrations of substrate. Optimum conditions for the biogenesis of silver nanoparticles were found to be a temperature of 30°C, pH 5.0, 0.5% NaCl and 1.5 mM AgNO3.
Synthesis and electrochemical performance of Ce0.05SnS2/graphene nanocomposites as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Wang Qiufen , Huang Ying , Miao Juan , Xu Wenjing 
Published: September 2014

Ce0.05SnS2/graphene (GNS) nanocomposites were synthesised via the hydrothermal method and sintering. The structure and electrochemical performance of the materials were characterised using X‐ray diffraction, field emission transmission electron microscopy and electrochemical measurements. The flower‐like Ce0.05SnS2 particles with a petal size of 50–100 nm were distributed on graphene sheets. The Ce0.05SnS2/GNS‐2 composites exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 1638.3 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C, a retention capacity of 707 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles, and an improved rate capability because of the support of the nanographene. After their sintering, the Ce0.05SnS2/GNS nanocomposites displayed better electrochemical performance than before sintering.
Components of Brief Alcohol Interventions for Youth in the Emergency Department
Authors: Walton Maureen A. , Chermack Stephen T. , Blow Frederic C. , Ehrlich Peter F. , Barry Kristen L. , Booth Brenda M. , Cunningham Rebecca M. 
Published: September 2014

Background Alcohol brief interventions (BIs) delivered by therapists are promising among underage drinkers in the emergency department (ED); however, integration into routine ED care is lacking. Harnessing technology for identification of at-risk drinkers and delivery of interventions could have tremendous public health impact by addressing practical barriers to implementation. The paper presents baseline, within BI session, and posttest data from an ongoing randomized controlled trial (RCT) of youth in the ED. Methods Patients (ages 14–20) who screened positive for risky drinking were randomized to computer BI (CBI), therapist BI (TBI), or control. Measures included demographics, alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test—Consumption [AUDIT-C]), process questions, BI components (e.g., strengths, tools), and psychological constructs (i.e., importance of cutting down, likelihood of cutting down, readiness to stop, and wanting help). Results Among 4389 youth surveyed (13.7% refused), 24.0% ( n = 1053) screened positive for risky drinking and 80.3% ( n = 836) were enrolled in the RCT; 93.7% ( n = 783) completed the posttest. Although similar in content, the TBI included a tailored, computerized workbook to structure the session, whereas the CBI was a stand-alone, offline, Facebook-styled program. As compared with controls, significant increases were found at posttest for the TBI in “importance to cut down” and “readiness to stop” and for the CBI in “importance and likelihood to cut down.” BI components positively associated with outcomes at posttest included greater identification of personal strengths, protective behavioral strategies, benefits of change, and alternative activities involving sports. In contrast, providing information during the TBI was negatively related to outcomes at posttest. Conclusions Initial data suggest that therapist and computer BIs are promising, increasing perceived importance of reducing drinking. In addition, findings provide clues to potentially beneficial components of BIs. Future studies are needed to identify BI components that have the greatest influence on reducing risky drinking behaviors among adolescents and emerging adults.
Do Spanish Informal Caregivers Come to the Rescue of Dependent People with Formal Care Unmet Needs?
Authors: Jiménez‐Martín Sergi , Vilaplana Prieto Cristina 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis article analyzes the effect of formal care unmet needs on informal caregiving hours in Spain using two waves of the Informal Support Survey (1994, 2004). Testing for double sample selection from formal care and the emergence of unmet needs reveals that the omission of either variable causes underestimation of the number of informal caregiving hours. In the model for 2004, the selection term of the unmet needs equation is larger than that of the formal care equation, suggesting that the number of formal care recipients as a quality indicator may be confounding, if not completed with other quality indicators.
Endogeneity Corrected Stochastic Production Frontier and Technical Efficiency
Authors: Shee Apurba , Stefanou Spiro E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA major econometric issue in estimating production parameters and technical efficiency is the possibility that some forces influencing production are only observed by the firm and not by the econometrician. Not only can this misspecification lead to a biased inference on the output elasticity of inputs, but it also provides a faulty measure of technical efficiency. We extend the Levinsohn and Petrin (2003) approach and provide an estimation algorithm to overcome the problem of endogenous input choice in stochastic production frontier estimation by generating consistent estimates of production parameters and technical efficiency. We apply the proposed method to a plant‐level panel dataset from the Colombian food manufacturing sector for the period 1982–1998. This dataset provides the value of output and prices charged for each product, expenditures, and prices paid for each material used, energy consumption in kilowatt per hour and energy prices, number of workers and payroll, and book values of capital stock. Empirical results find that the traditional stochastic production frontier tends to underestimate the output elasticity of capital and firm‐level technical efficiency. The evidence in this research suggests that addressing the endogeneity issue matters in stochastic production frontier analysis.
Improved rat genome gene prediction by integration of ESTs with RNA-Seq information
Authors: Li Liping , Chen Enguo , Yang Chun , Zhu Jun , Jayaraman Pushkala , De Pons Jeffrey , Kaczorowski Catherine C. , Jacob Howard J. , Greene Andrew S. , Hodges Matthew R. , Cowley Allen W. , Liang Mingyu , Xu Haiming , Liu Pengyuan , Lu Yan 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMotivation: RNA-Seq (also called whole-transcriptome sequencing) is an emerging technology that uses the capabilities of next-generation sequencing to detect and quantify entire transcripts. One of its important applications is the improvement of existing genome annotations. RNA-Seq provides rapid, comprehensive and cost-effective tools for the discovery of novel genes and transcripts compared with expressed sequence tag (EST), which is instrumental in gene discovery and gene sequence determination. The rat is widely used as a laboratory disease model, but has a less well-annotated genome as compared with humans and mice. In this study, we incorporated deep RNA-Seq data from three rat tissues—bone marrow, brain and kidney—with EST data to improve the annotation of the rat genome.Results: Our analysis identified 32 197 transcripts, including 13 461 known transcripts, 13 934 novel isoforms and 4802 new genes, which almost doubled the numbers of transcripts in the current public rat genome database (rn5). Comparisons of our predicted protein-coding gene sets with those in public datasets suggest that RNA-Seq significantly improves genome annotation and identifies novel genes and isoforms in the rat. Importantly, the large majority of novel genes and isoforms are supported by direct evidence of RNA-Seq experiments. These predicted genes were integrated into the Rat Genome Database (RGD) and can serve as an important resource for functional studies in the research community.Availability and implementation: The predicted genes are available at http://rgd.mcw.edu .Contact: hmxu@zju.edu.cn or pliu@mcw.edu or yanlu76@zju.edu.cnSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
EUROCarbDB(CCRC): a EUROCarbDB node for storing glycomics standard data
Authors: Al Jadda Khalifeh , Porterfield Melody P. , Bridger Robert , Heiss Christian , Tiemeyer Michael , Wells Lance , Miller John A. , York William S. , Ranzinger Rene 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Motivation: In the field of glycomics research, several different techniques are used for structure elucidation. Although multiple techniques are often used to increase confidence in structure assignments, most glycomics databases allow storing of only a single type of experimental data. In addition, the methods used to prepare a sample for analysis is seldom recorded making it harder to reproduce the analytical data and results.
Results: We have extended the freely available EUROCarbDB framework to allow the submission of experimental data and the reporting of several orthogonal experimental datasets. The features aim to increase the understandability and reproducibility of the reported data.
Availability and implementation: The installation with the glycan standards is available at http://glycomics.ccrc.uga.edu/eurocarb/ . The source code of the project is available at https://code.google.com/p/ucdb/ .
Contact: rene@ccrc.uga.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Origin of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Bay of Biscay
Authors: Fraile Igaratza , Arrizabalaga Haritz , Rooker Jay R. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We used carbon and oxygen isotope ratios (δ13C and δ18O) in otoliths as a tool for identifying the nursery origin of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) caught in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay). Juvenile and adult bluefin tuna were collected over three consecutive years (2009—2011) using the regional bait boat fleet. Otolith δ13C and δ18O values of bluefin tuna were measured by mass spectrometry, and values were compared with a reference sample of yearling bluefin tuna from eastern (Mediterranean Sea) and western (Gulf of Mexico) nurseries to determine nursery origin. Maximum likelihood estimates based on otolith δ13C and δ18O values indicated that the overall contribution of western migrants to the Bay of Biscay fishery was &lt;1% and varied over the years assessed. A small number of potential western migrants (2.7%) was detected in 2009, and most of these fish appear members of the abundant 2002 and 2003 year classes. In contrast, the Bay of Biscay fishery was composed exclusively (100%) of eastern origin bluefin tuna in 2010 and 2011, suggesting that this fishery is supported almost exclusively by the eastern spawning area but transatlantic western population may contribute to this fishery in a few years.
Mechanism of retinoic acid-induced transcription: histone code, DNA oxidation and formation of chromatin loops
Authors: Zuchegna Candida , Aceto Fabiana , Bertoni Alessandra , Romano Antonella , Perillo Bruno , Laccetti Paolo , Gottesman Max E. , Avvedimento Enrico V. , Porcellini Antonio 
Published: September 2014

AbstractHistone methylation changes and formation of chromatin loops involving enhancers, promoters and 3′ end regions of genes have been variously associated with active transcription in eukaryotes. We have studied the effect of activation of the retinoic A receptor, at the RARE–promoter chromatin of CASP9 and CYP26A1 genes, 15 and 45 min following RA exposure, and we found that histone H3 lysines 4 and 9 are demethylated by the lysine-specific demethylase, LSD1 and by the JMJ-domain containing demethylase, D2A. The action of the oxidase (LSD1) and a dioxygenase (JMJD2A) in the presence of Fe++ elicits an oxidation wave that locally modifies the DNA and recruits the enzymes involved in base and nucleotide excision repair (BER and NER). These events are essential for the formation of chromatin loop(s) that juxtapose the RARE element with the 5′ transcription start site and the 3′ end of the genes. The RARE bound-receptor governs the 5′ and 3′ end selection and directs the productive transcription cycle of RNA polymerase. These data mechanistically link chromatin loops, histone methylation changes and localized DNA repair with transcription.
The management of lomustine overdose in malignant glioma patients
Authors: Wirsching Hans-Georg , Tritschler Isabel , Palla Antonella , Renner Christoph , Weller Michael , Tabatabai Ghazaleh 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Lomustine is an oral alkylating drug commonly used for brain tumor patients. Recently, the lomustine-containing PCV polychemotherapy regime (procarbazine, CCNU/lomustine, and vincristine) in combination with radiotherapy has become the standard of care for anaplastic oligodendroglioma with 1p/19q codeletion and high-risk low-grade glioma. Here, we review the literature of all reported cases of lomustine overdose, highlight complications by exemplifying a case of inadvertent lomustine overdose, and outline the management of this potential complication of outpatient PCV therapy.
Evidence on Self-Stereotyping and the Contribution of Ideas
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Authors: Coffman Katherine Baldiga 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We use a lab experiment to explore the factors that predict an individual’s decision to contribute her idea to a group. We find that contribution decisions depend on the interaction of gender and the gender stereotype associated with the decision-making domain: conditional on measured ability, individuals are less willing to contribute ideas in areas that are stereotypically outside of their gender’s domain. Importantly, these decisions are largely driven by self-assessments, rather than fear of discrimination. Individuals are less confident in gender-incongruent areas and are thus less willing to contribute their ideas. Because even very knowledgeable group members undercontribute in gender-incongruent categories, group performance suffers and, ex post, groups have difficulty recognizing who their most talented members are. Our results show that even in an environment where other group members show no bias, women in male-typed areas and men in female-typed areas may be less influential. An intervention that provides feedback about a woman’s (man’s) strength in a male-typed (female-typed) area does not significantly increase the probability that she contributes her ideas to the group. A back-of-the-envelope calculation reveals that a “lean in”–style policy that increases contribution by women would significantly improve group performance in male-typed domains.