bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quelle compétence informationnelle pour les usages juvéniles du Web ?
Authors: Aillerie Karine 
Published: September 2015

À partir d’une lecture analytique d’enquêtes générales et du matériau collecté lors d’une investigation de terrain (59 entretiens semi directifs), nous proposons de poser ici la question de la réalité individuelle et collective des pratiques spécifiques d’information d’adolescents au sein de leur quotidien numérique. Nous insistons sur la centralité de la requête au sein des usages actuels de l’internet et sur le caractère déterminant des aptitudes informationnelles dans les « sociétés des savoirs ». Pour certains de ces jeunes, un véritable projet informationnel s’élabore sur la base d’initiatives de recherche, souvent prises au domicile, entremêlant sujets de recherche personnels et scolaires, prescrits ou non. Nous montrons par ailleurs la dépendance qui caractérise les pratiques d’une majorité de ces jeunes à l’égard des performances affichées du moteur de recherche. Or, des folksonomies au bookmarking social ou au micro blogging, les évolutions déjà effectuées et à venir du Web renforcent très nettement l’importance déterminante de l’action et du choix individuels. C’est ainsi à la lumière de ce déplacement, qui s’opère selon nous de la « stratégie » individuelle, au sens que Michel de Certeau a pu donner à ce terme le distinguant de la tactique, vers le recours à la puissance supposée d’un outil, que nous souhaitons lire les usages actuels du Web.
Le réseautage et ses usages : le cas d’un groupe d’anciens étudiants hébergé sur LinkedIn
Authors: Mesangeau Julien 
Published: September 2015

Au même titre que la gestion de l’identité numérique, les pratiques de mise en relation constituent un aspect central des usages de sites de réseaux sociaux. Partant d’une enquête conduite au sein d’un groupe LinkedIn hébergeant d’anciens élèves d’une école parisienne, nous avons choisi d’illustrer trois tendances observées durant l’enquête : le Netmining, relevant d’une pratique exploratoire, où l’utilisateur multiplie les contacts sans stratégie particulière. Le Networking, consistant lui aussi à multiplier les contacts, mais où chaque relation est rigoureusement choisie. Le Netsticking enfin, où l’utilisateur n’est pas à la recherche de contacts « utiles », mais reproduit en ligne un réseau personnel basé sur la confiance. Ces trois tendances permettent de souligner deux caractéristiques propres aux pratiques de mise en relation. D’une part, elles reposent sur une pluralité de dispositifs de communication où LinkedIn occupe une place tantôt centrale, tantôt marginale. D’autre part, si ces pratiques peuvent dans certains cas relever de l’action stratégique, elles peuvent aussi reposer sur une action non calculée.
À propos du social dans les médias sociaux
Authors: Mondoux André 
Published: September 2015

Une nouvelle génération d’outils Web est apparue et s’est vue assignée l’étiquette de « médias sociaux », comme si ces nouveaux médias démarquaient des autres médias par leur capacité à construire « du social ». Mais quelle est la nature de ce social qui répondrait si efficacement aux volontés des usagers de ces nouveaux outils ? Un social d’autant plus souhaité qu’il serait exempt de toute trace d’idéologie et de politique. Nous posons au contraire que les médias sociaux ont une dimension idéologique, mais que celle-ci est absorbée par et dans la technique elle-même.
Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM) in Saudi Breast Cancer Patients as Prognostic and Predictive Indicator
Authors: Al-Shehri Fawziah S. , Azeem Eman M. Abd EL 
Published: September 2015

Background Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecules (ALCAMs) play an essential role in tumor metastasis and are higher in some patients with breast cancer. AIM This study aimed to evaluate ALCAM as an early diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer and how it compares with other markers. Subjects and Methods One-hundred and sixty-one women were selected for this study. They were divided into three groups: Group 1 consisted of 42 healthy individuals (control) while a patients groups divided into two groups according to tumour grade, Group II, Include 58 breast cancer patient's grade II and Group III, Include 61 patients with grade III of breast cancer. Tumour markers CEA, CA 15–3 and s ALCAM levels were determined and Group 2 consisted of breast cancer patients. Results A highly significant elevation was recorded in s ALCAM, CA 15–3 and CEA. Percent change for grade II and grade III were [sALCAM (90, 127)], [CA15–3 (40, 72)] and [CEA (33, 156)]. Operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the biomarkers ALCAM, CA15–3 and CEA with area under the curve (AUC) of (0.99 & 1.0) (AUC 0.947 & 0.99) and (AUC 0.88 & 0.94) for grade II and grade III respectively the incremental values of AUC were statistically highly significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion It could be concluded that serum ALCAM concentration represents a suitable biomarker for Saudi arabian breast carcinoma with high sensitivity and has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool comparable to CA15–3 and CEA.
Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention among University Students: Case of Albania
Authors: Garo E. , Kume V. , Basho S. 
Published: September 2015

<p>In Albania, during the last decades entrepreneurship has been in focus. It is commonly agreed that developing entrepreneurship in the long term would be translated into sustainable economic development. Albanian economy, being an economy in transition greatly and urgently needs to invest into increasing the number of entrepreneurs in the country. Entrepreneurial intention is considered to be really important. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to observe the determinants of entrepreneurial intention in Albania. The target is university students. Many programs that foster entrepreneurship such as incubator centers, business plan competitions along with new educational practices have been developed. In addition, even though studies conducting in this field are few, Albanian education institutions have shown a willing to study the factors influencing entrepreneurship development. The reason is the belief that developing and supporting entrepreneurial activities among youth will positively influence the economy of the country in terms of economic growth.</p><p>This study widely represents the Albanian students and shows the deteminants of entrepreneurial intention they have. Hopefully the findings of this study would be useful to the policy makers and the Albanian government to undertake effective policies focused on entrepreneurial activity; targeting economic development of the country. </p>
Positive Institutions and their relationship with transformational leadership, empathy and team performance
Authors: Solares Menegazzo Jessica , Cruz-Ortiz Valeria , Ortega-Maldonado Alberto , Salanova Marisa 
Published: September 2015

<p>The current study tests the relationship between transformational leadership, empathy and excellent team performance, based on the HEalthy &amp; Resilient Organizations (HERO) Model (Salanova, Llorens, Cifre &amp; Martínez, 2012) in positive institutions, the third pillar of positive psychology (Seligman &amp; Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). The study of empathy and its role in companies is important because it is not yet widely known the benefits that can provide to any institution. The study attempt to show a full mediating role of empathy in this relationship. The sample consist on 69 work teams, from 7 Small -and Medium- sized Enterprises (SMEs) including 4 educational institutions and 3 institutions of medical services from Spain. The Interclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC1 and ICC2) and the Average Deviation Index (ADM(J)) supports data aggregation at the team level. The results using SEM, through work teams, supported the hypothesis, that is, the empathy plays a full mediating role between transformational leadership and excellent team performance. Finally, theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.</p>
Severe Mushroom Poisoning in One Macedonian Family
Authors: Chibishev Andon , Perevska Zanina , Simonovska Natasha , Petkovska Lidija , Miletic Milena , Shikole Emilija 
Published: September 2015

Background Collecting and consuming wild mushrooms is a historical tradition in many European countries, including The Republic of Macedonia. This activity is predominantly performed in the period between June and October, when the weather is warm and humidity in the air and soil is at higher levels. The Amanita genus consists of 500 different species of mushrooms; among these, Amanita phaloides, Amanita virosa and Amanita verna are most commonly found in oak forests in our country. These species are highly poisonous and because they can be similar to some edible mushrooms, they have often been misidentified. Their consumption causes severe intoxication. Purpose The aim of this case series report is to demonstrate a severe poisoning with Amanita mushrooms ( A. verna) that occurred in 8 patients, all from 1 Macedonian family. Results We show the differences in the clinical appearance and status of these patients, the wide spectrum of symptoms as well as the treatment and outcome of this rare poisoning. One patient, an 8-month-old baby, was excluded from the study because the infant was immediately transferred to the pediatric clinic after admission to our clinic. Conclusions Despite modern therapy, poisoning due to ingestion of Amanita mushrooms is a serious clinical and health problem that may even be potentially lethal. The most efficient way for the general public to protect itself against potential poisoning is to avoid ingesting mushrooms that may not be edible.
The Knowledge Capital of Nations
Authors: Hanushek Eric A. , Woessmann Ludger 
Published: September 2015

A rigorous, pathbreaking analysis demonstrating that a country's prosperity is directly related in the long run to the skills of its population.
In this book Eric Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann make a simple, central claim, developed with rigorous theoretical and empirical support: knowledge is the key to a country's development. Of course, every country acknowledges the importance of developing human capital, but Hanushek and Woessmann argue that message has become distorted, with politicians and researchers concentrating not on valued skills but on proxies for them. The common focus is on school attainment, although time in school provides a very misleading picture of how skills enter into development. Hanushek and Woessmann contend that the cognitive skills of the population—which they term the “knowledge capital” of a nation—are essential to long-run prosperity.
Hanushek and Woessmann subject their hypotheses about the relationship between cognitive skills (as consistently measured by international student assessments) and economic growth to a series of tests, including alternate specifications, different subsets of countries, and econometric analysis of causal interpretations. They find that their main results are remarkably robust, and equally applicable to developing and developed countries. They demonstrate, for example, that the “Latin American growth puzzle” and the “East Asian miracle” can be explained by these regions' knowledge capital. Turning to the policy implications of their argument, they call for an education system that develops effective accountability, promotes choice and competition, and provides direct rewards for good performance.
The Minimalist Program
Authors: Chomsky Noam 
Published: September 2015

A classic work that situates linguistic theory in the broader cognitive sciences, formulating and developing the minimalist program.
In his foundational book, The Minimalist Program, published in 1995, Noam Chomsky offered a significant contribution to the generative tradition in linguistics. This twentieth-anniversary edition reissues this classic work with a new preface by the author.
In four essays, Chomsky attempts to situate linguistic theory in the broader cognitive sciences, with the essays formulating and progressively developing the minimalist approach to linguistic theory. Building on the theory of principles and parameters and, in particular, on principles of economy of derivation and representation, the minimalist framework takes Universal Grammar as providing a unique computational system, with derivations driven by morphological properties, to which the syntactic variation of languages is also restricted. Within this theoretical framework, linguistic expressions are generated by optimally efficient derivations that must satisfy the conditions that hold on interface levels, the only levels of linguistic representation. The interface levels provide instructions to two types of performance systems, articulatory-perceptual and conceptual-intentional. All syntactic conditions, then, express properties of these interface levels, reflecting the interpretive requirements of language and keeping to very restricted conceptual resources.
In the preface to this edition, Chomsky emphasizes that the minimalist approach developed in the book and in subsequent work “is a program, not a theory.” With this book, Chomsky built on pursuits from the earliest days of generative grammar to formulate a new research program that had far-reaching implications for the field.
Patient-Centered Management of Atrial Fibrillation: Applying Evidence-Based Care to the Individual Patient
Authors: Good Eric D. , Rogers Felix J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice, and it is one of the most common cardiac conditions requiring hospitalization of a patient. Several national organizations have developed guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. These guidelines were updated in 2011 to incorporate new advances in antiarrhythmic drug therapy and anticoagulant therapy, as well as progress in the field of catheter ablation. Many decisions about patient care involve consideration of issues related to lifestyle and quality of life rather than survival. These decisions also involve addressing the key topics of heart rate control, heart rhythm control, and stroke prevention. During the past decade, important advances in the management of atrial fibrillation have created a number of treatment options that have roughly equivalent therapeutic efficacies when they are used for several common clinical situations encountered in clinical practice. The range of available treatments for patients with atrial fibrillation provides an important opportunity for the physician to deliver patient-centered care, which uses patient values to determine the best course of treatment.
Chapter 1. The Scene: From Prehistory to Peter I “the Great”
Authors: Nesset Tore 
Published: September 2015

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;">Language change does not happen in a vacuum. In order to understand how Russian came to be the way it is you need some background knowledge about the prehistory and history of the Russians and their Slavic relatives. In this chapter, you will learn about the Slavic and Indo-European languages in Europe (section 1.1) and the ancestor languages that Russian has developed from (section 1.2). In sections 1.3–1.4, we explore the prehistory of the Slavs, before we turn to a brief overview of Russian history before Peter I “the Great” in sections 1.5–1.11. While reading the chapter, make use of the chronological overview of important historical events and periods in section 1.12.</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Click on the links below to learn more!</span></p><p><a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3491/128" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">1.4 Migrations</span></a> - licensed under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">CC-BY 4.0</a></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"><a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3491/129" target="_self">1.4 Rus</a> - licensed under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">CC-BY 4.0</a><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>
Chapter 2. The Texts: Writing and Literature in Kievan Rus’ and Muscovy
Authors: Nesset Tore 
Published: September 2015

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;">In the previous chapter, we explored the history of medieval Russia. We now turn to an important characteristic of this society – the emergence of writing and literature. Needless to say, medieval texts are interesting in and of themselves, but the texts are of particular interest to us as historical linguists, since they represent a major source of data. This chapter provides you with important background knowledge about writing, alphabets, texts and literature. Questions we will consider include: How did writing come to Kievan Rus’? Which alphabets were used? In what language were the texts written? What was the standard language in Kievan Rus’? What kinds of texts have come down to us? Although this chapter is by no means a detailed history of medieval literature, you will learn about some important literary genres and key texts. Finally, this chapter gives you an opportunity to reflect on the differences between the medieval and modern concepts of literature.</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Click on the links below to learn more!</span></p><p><a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3492/154"><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">2.2 Alphabet: uncial, semi-uncial and cursive script</span></a></p>
Chapter 7. Morphology: Numbers and Numerals
Authors: Nesset Tore 
Published: September 2015

<p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Numbers are very often rendered as letters in medieval texts. Only occasionally you encounter numbers written out, so that we can see how they were pronounced and inflected. It is nevertheless worthwhile to explore the Common Slavic and Old Rusian number systems, because they provide historical explanations of many idiosyncracies and exceptions you have struggled with in Modern Russian. Have you ever wondered why два, три and четыре combine with nouns in the genitive singular? And did you know where the numeral сорок ‘forty’ comes from? After you have read this chapter you will know the answers!</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;"> </span></p><p>Click on the links below to learn more!</p><p><a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3497/152">7.1 Numerals - a separate part of speech</a></p>
Chapter 8. Morphology: Verbs
Authors: Nesset Tore 
Published: September 2015

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;">Numerous exceptions and idiosyncrasies make the verb a major challenge in Modern Russian. Why are present tense forms inflected for first, second and third person, while past tense forms are inflected for masculine, feminine and neuter gender? Where do all the consonant alternations in verbs come from? Why is the particle бы used to form subjunctive constructions? You will find answers to these and many other questions in this chapter, which explores all the verb forms in Old Rusian, and explains how the modern verb system has developed.</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Click on the links below to learn more!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"><a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3498/147">8.3 Aorist and imperfect</a><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>