bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic morphometry and densitometry predict strength of cadaveric proximal humeri more reliably than age and DXA scan density
Authors: Skedros John G. , Knight Alex N. , Pitts Todd C. , O'Rourke Peter J. , Burkhead Wayne Z. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTMethods are needed for identifying poorer quality cadaver proximal humeri to ensure that they are not disproportionately segregated into experimental groups for fracture studies. We hypothesized that measurements made from radiographs of cadaveric proximal humeri are stronger predictors of fracture strength than chronological age or bone density values derived from dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Thirty‐three proximal humeri (range: 39–78 years) were analyzed for: (1) bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) using DXA, (2) bulk density (g/cm3) using DXA and volume displacement, (3) regional bone density in millimeters of aluminum (mmAl) using radiographs, and (4) regional mean (medial+lateral) cortical thickness and cortical index (CI) using radiographs. The bones were then fractured simulating a fall. Strongest correlations with ultimate fracture load (UFL) were: mean cortical thickness at two diaphyseal locations (r = 0.71; p < 0.001), and mean mmAl in the humeral head (r = 0.70; p < 0.001). Weaker correlations were found between UFL and DXA‐BMD (r = 0.60), bulk density (r = 0.43), CI (r = 0.61), and age (r = −0.65) (p values <0.01). Analyses between UFL and the product of any two characteristics showed six combinations with r‐values >0.80, but none included DXA‐derived density, CI, or age. Radiographic morphometric and densitometric measurements from radiographs are therefore stronger predictors of UFL than age, CI, or DXA‐derived density measurements. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:331–341, 2016.
Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxymethyl Derivatives of Sago (Metroxylon sagu) Starch
Authors: Othman Zainon , Hashim K. , Sabariah K. , Nasir M. H. Abd , Hassan A. 
Published: July 2015

SummarySynthesis of carboxymethyl starch (CMSS) from sago (Metroxylon sagu), an important agricultural commodity of Malaysia, was conducted in 30 L reactor vessel using isopropanol as the non‐aqueous medium. CMSS of degree of substitution (DS) 0.24, 0.40, 0.54 and 0.80 was prepared by varying the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide and sodium monochloroacetate to anhydroglucose units including reaction time. Substitution of the hydroxyl groups on the native starch with carboxymethyl group was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared. All prepared samples were water‐soluble at room temperature, producing high paste clarity. Carboxymethylation markedly reduced viscosity of CMSS compared to native sago. The particle size distribution also displayed increase in the granule size range compared to native sago. However X‐ray diffractometry of CMSS revealed loss of crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the granular smooth appearance of native starch was mostly distorted after carboxymethylation process at higher DS values. The synthesis of carboxymethyl sago starch with different degrees of substitution will add value to the sago industry as new functional biomaterial with potential application in the food and non‐food industry.
Preparation and Characterization of Polyurethane‐Modified Epoxy with Various Types of Polyol
Authors: Ghozali Muhammad , Triwulandari Evi , Haryono Agus 
Published: July 2015

SummaryPolyurethane‐modified epoxy (PME) has been synthesized. Synthesis was conducted by reacting epoxy, isocyanate and polyol simultaneously. Reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with tolonate and polyol was conducted at 50 °C with dibutyltindilaurate as catalyst. The purpose of this research is to synthesis of polyurethane‐modified epoxy with the various types of polyol and to study the effect of its different types of polyol toward the characteristic of PME product. The various types of polyol used are acrylic polyol, 1,3‐propanediol and glycerol. Characterization of polyurethane‐modified epoxy has been done by determining residual isocyanate to calculate the isocyanate conversion. FTIR and 1H‐NMR were employed for the structure analysis. Study of mechanical properties was conducted tensile strength and elongation at break and the thermal stability was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The result showed that epoxy modification using polyurethane without going through prepolymers polyurethane using various type of polyol stage improves the mechanical properties of epoxy and the thermal properties of PME from different type of polyol showed different thermal stability.
Psycho‐oncology and primary prevention in cancer control plans: an absent voice?
Authors: Dunn Jeff , Holland Jimmie , Hyde Melissa K. , Watson Maggie 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundOne third of cancer deaths are attributable to modifiable lifestyle, behaviour and psychosocial risk factors. Psycho‐oncology can contribute significantly to prevention initiatives such as those described in national cancer control plans (NCCPs), to reduce or eliminate these risk factors. However, the extent to which psycho‐oncology expertise has informed prevention objectives in plans is unclear.MethodsAccordingly, 35 English language NCCPs were located via existing databases and were searched using Adobe text searches (‘psycho’, ‘social’, ‘behav’ and ‘intervention’) to identify (a) representations of psycho‐oncology, its dimensions (psychological, social and behavioural) and roles (e.g. psychologist); and (b) behaviour/lifestyle change interventions.ResultsA third of NCCPs included the term psycho‐ or psychosocial‐oncology; approximately half referred to a psycho‐oncology dimension regarding prevention and early detection and half included actions/objectives relating to health professionals and provision of psychosocial care. The majority of cancer plans included prevention outcomes and focussed primarily on smoking cessation and alcohol reduction. Interventions commonly proposed were education, regulation and service provision; however, many were aspirational statements of intent rather than specific interventions. Psycho‐oncology was represented in NCCPs but was limited in reference to prevention with few behavioural interventions utilised.ConclusionsPsycho‐oncology input is needed to prescribe evidence‐based interventions in cancer plans that not only educate, regulate and provide resources but also motivate, empower and create a supportive normative environment for behaviour change. In this manuscript, and throughout this Special Issue on Cancer Prevention, important principles, ideas and evidence within psycho‐oncology are outlined which, if properly implemented, can help reduce the global cancer burden. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mouse genome annotation by the RefSeq project
Authors: McGarvey Kelly M. , Goldfarb Tamara , Cox Eric , Farrell Catherine M. , Gupta Tripti , Joardar Vinita S. , Kodali Vamsi K. , Murphy Michael R. , O’Leary Nuala A. , Pujar Shashikant , Rajput Bhanu , Rangwala Sanjida H. , Riddick Lillian D. , Webb David , Wright Mathew W. , Murphy Terence D. , Pruitt Kim D. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Complete and accurate annotation of the mouse genome is critical to the advancement of research conducted on this important model organism. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) develops and maintains many useful resources to assist the mouse research community. In particular, the reference sequence (RefSeq) database provides high-quality annotation of multiple mouse genome assemblies using a combinatorial approach that leverages computation, manual curation, and collaboration. Implementation of this conservative and rigorous approach, which focuses on representation of only full-length and non-redundant data, produces high-quality annotation products. RefSeq records explicitly link sequences to current knowledge in a timely manner, updating public records regularly and rapidly in response to nomenclature updates, addition of new relevant publications, collaborator discussion, and user feedback. Whole genome re-annotation is also conducted at least every 12–18 months, and often more frequently in response to assembly updates or availability of informative data. This article highlights key features and advantages of RefSeq genome annotation products and presents an overview of NCBI processes to generate these data. Further discussion of NCBI’s resources highlights useful features and the best methods for accessing our data.
Pigments for Aquaculture of Salmonids. A Comparative Model Study of Carophyll Pink and Panaferd AX in Cod Liver Oil
Authors: Østerlie Marianne , Lerfall Jørgen 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAs one of the key ingredients in feed for rearing salmon the stability of the synthetic feed pigment Carophyll Pink® (CP) and the natural pigment Panaferd‐AX® (PAN) in pure cod liver oil were investigated. As reference, pure cod liver oil without added carotenoids was used (PURE). Carotenoid content, isomerization of astaxanthin in CP and distribution of carotenoids in PAN and the antioxidant ability of CP and PAN were followed by HPLC in two model experiments (Experiment 1: 17 days, temperature 18.5–28.2 °C, and Experiment 2: 15 days, temperature 29.7 °C). Moreover, peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric value (TBARS) and fatty acid (FA) compositions were analyzed in CP, PAN and PURE. Relative to cod liver oil with added PAN, addition of CP resulted in significantly higher stability of ∑PUFA, slower formation of peroxides, reduced oxidation and increased carotenoid stability during storage. For the isomerization of astaxanthin in CP a significantly decrease in all‐E‐astaxanthin and an increase in 13Z‐astaxanthin was observed during storage in both experiments. Highest stability of different carotenoids in PAN were found for the carotenoid β‐carotene in both experiments, followed by echinenone and astaxanthin in Experiment 1 and astaxanthin, adonirubin and adonixanthin in Experiment 2. It is concluded that the synthetic pigment feed additive CP significantly improves the stability of cod liver oil as compared to the natural pigment feed additive PAN (order of stability; CP > PAN > PURE).
IN DEFENSE OF SUBJECT-SENSITIVE INVARIANTISM
Authors: Kim Brian 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTKeith DeRose has argued that the two main problems facing subject-sensitive invariantism (SSI) come from the appropriateness of certain third-person denials of knowledge and the inappropriateness ofnow you know it, now you don'tclaims. I argue that proponents of SSI can adequately address both problems. First, I argue that the debate between contextualism and SSI has failed to account for an important pragmatic feature of third-person denials of knowledge. Appealing to these pragmatic features, I show that straightforward third-person denials are inappropriate in the relevant cases. And while there are certain denials that are appropriate, they pose no problems for SSI. Next, I offer an explanation, compatible with SSI, of the oddity ofnow you know it, now you don'tclaims. To conclude, I discuss the intuitiveness of purism, whose rejection is the source of many problems for SSI. I propose to explain away the intuitiveness of purism as a side-effect of the narrow focus of previous epistemological inquiries.
JACK–LAURENT SYMMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR SPECIAL VALUES OF PARAMETERS
Authors: SERGEEV A. N. , VESELOV A. P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe consider the Jack–Laurent symmetric functions for special values of parametersp0=n+k−1m, wherekis not rational andmandnare natural numbers. In general, the coefficients of such functions may have poles at these values ofp0. The action of the corresponding algebra of quantum Calogero–Moser integrals$\mathcal{D}$(k,p0) on the space of Laurent symmetric functions defines the decomposition into generalised eigenspaces. We construct a basis in each generalised eigenspace as certain linear combinations of the Jack–Laurent symmetric functions, which are regular atp0=n+k−1m, and describe the action of$\mathcal{D}$(k,p0) in these eigenspaces.
Human papillomavirus type-18 prevalence in oesophageal cancer in the Chinese population: a meta-analysis
Authors: GUO L. W. , ZHANG S. K. , LIU S. Z. , CHEN Q. , ZHANG M. , QUAN P. L. , LU J. B. , SUN X. B. 
Published: July 2015

SUMMARYGlobally, the prevalence of oesophageal cancer cases is particularly high in China. Since 1982, oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) has been hypothesized as a risk factor for oesophageal cancer, but no firm evidence of HPV infection in oesophageal cancer has been established to date. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to estimate the high-risk HPV-18 prevalence of oesophageal cancer in the Chinese population. Eligible studies published from 1 January 2005 to 12 July 2014 were retrieved via computer searches of English and Chinese literature databases (including Medline, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform). A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 2556 oesophageal cancer cases from 19 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled HPV-18 prevalence in oesophageal cancer cases was 4·1% (95% CI 2·7–5·5) in China, 6·1% (95% CI 2·9–9·3) in fresh or frozen biopsies and 4·0% (95% CI 2·3–5·8) in paraffin-embedded fixed biopsies, 8·2% (95% CI 4·6–11·7) by the E6/E7 region and 2·2% (95% CI 0·9–3·6) by the L1 region of the HPV gene. This meta-analysis indicated that China has a moderate HPV-18 prevalence of oesophageal cancer compared to cervical cancer, although there is variation between different variables. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of HPV in oesophagus carcinogenesis with careful consideration of study design and laboratory detection method, providing more accurate assessment of HPV status in oesophageal cancer.
Genetic diversity of safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.) germplasm as revealed by SSR markers
Authors: Usha Kiran B. , Mukta N. , Kadirvel P. , Alivelu K. , Senthilvel S. , Kishore P. , Varaprasad K. S. 
Published: July 2015

Safflower is a multi-purpose oilseed crop, primarily known for good quality oil containing highest polyunsaturated fatty acid content (>80%) among edible oils. In this study, a core subset of 148 safflower accessions representing 15 countries, predominantly of Indian origin, was evaluated for agronomic traits and characterized for genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) using 44 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci across 11 linkage groups to enable its utilization in breeding and genetic mapping purposes. The collection had substantial variation for seed yield-related traits. SSR allelic variation was low as indicated by average number of alleles (3.6) per locus, gene diversity (0.314) and polymorphism information content (0.284). Cluster analysis (neighbour-joining tree) revealed five major genotypic groups with very low bootstrap support. STRUCTURE analysis showed recognizable population structure; based on membership coefficients ( ≥ 0.75), 52% accessions were classified into four populations (K= 4) and the remaining 48% accessions into admixture group. HighFstvalues (0.30–0.48) suggested that the populations were substantially differentiated. Analysis of molecular variance results showed that maximum of genetic variation (85%) was explained between individuals within the population suggesting that the population structure was only weak. About 1.9% of SSR locus pairs were in LD, which appeared to be low. High phenotypic variation, mild population structure and low level of LD among unlinked loci suggested that the core subset can be explored for association mapping of seed yield components in safflower.
Tunable Fermi level and hedgehog spin texture in gapped graphene
Authors: Varykhalov A. , Sánchez-Barriga J. , Marchenko D. , Hlawenka P. , Mandal P. S. , Rader O. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSpin and pseudospin in graphene are known to interact under enhanced spin–orbit interaction giving rise to an in-plane Rashba spin texture. Here we show that Au-intercalated graphene on Fe(110) displays a large (∼230 meV) bandgap with out-of-plane hedgehog-type spin reorientation around the gapped Dirac point. We identify two causes responsible. First, a giant Rashba effect (∼70 meV splitting) away from the Dirac point and, second, the breaking of the six-fold graphene symmetry at the interface. This is demonstrated by a strong one-dimensional anisotropy of the graphene dispersion imposed by the two-fold-symmetric (110) substrate. Surprisingly, the graphene Fermi level is systematically tuned by the Au concentration and can be moved into the bandgap. We conclude that the out-of-plane spin texture is not only of fundamental interest but can be tuned at the Fermi level as a model for electrical gating of spin in a spintronic device.
Nanoscale optical positioning of single quantum dots for bright and pure single-photon emission
Authors: Sapienza Luca , Davanço Marcelo , Badolato Antonio , Srinivasan Kartik 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSelf-assembled, epitaxially grown InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) are promising semiconductor quantum emitters that can be integrated on a chip for a variety of photonic quantum information science applications. However, self-assembled growth results in an essentially random in-plane spatial distribution of QDs, presenting a challenge in creating devices that exploit the strong interaction of single QDs with highly confined optical modes. Here, we present a photoluminescence imaging approach for locating single QDs with respect to alignment features with an average position uncertainty <30 nm (<10 nm when using a solid-immersion lens), which represents an enabling technology for the creation of optimized single QD devices. To that end, we create QD single-photon sources, based on a circular Bragg grating geometry, that simultaneously exhibit high collection efficiency (48%±5% into a 0.4 numerical aperture lens, close to the theoretically predicted value of 50%), low multiphoton probability (g(2)(0) <1%), and a significant Purcell enhancement factor (≈3).
Combined transcriptome studies identify AFF3 as a mediator of the oncogenic effects of β-catenin in adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Lefèvre L , Omeiri H , Drougat L , Hantel C , Giraud M , Val P , Rodriguez S , Perlemoine K , Blugeon C , Beuschlein F , de Reyniès A , Rizk-Rabin M , Bertherat J , Ragazzon B 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAdrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a very aggressive tumor, and genomics studies demonstrate that the most frequent alterations of driver genes in these cancers activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. However, the adrenal-specific targets of oncogenic β-catenin-mediating tumorigenesis have not being established. A combined transcriptomic analysis from two series of human tumors and the human ACC cell line H295R harboring a spontaneous β-catenin activating mutation was done to identify the Wnt/β-catenin targets. Seven genes were consistently identified in the three studies. Among these genes, we found thatAFF3mediates the oncogenic effects of β-catenin in ACC. The Wnt response element site located at nucleotide position −1408 of the AFF3 transcriptional start sites (TSS) mediates the regulation by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.AFF3silencing decreases cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in the ACC cell line H295R. AFF3 is located in nuclear speckles, which play an important role in RNA splicing. AFF3 overexpression in adrenocortical cells interferes with the organization and/or biogenesis of these nuclear speckles and alters the distribution of CDK9 and cyclin T1 such that they accumulate at the sites of AFF3/speckles. We demonstrate thatAFF3is a new target of Wnt/β-catenin pathway involved in ACC, acting on transcription and RNA splicing.
Field populations of native Indian honey bees from pesticide intensive agricultural landscape show signs of impaired olfaction
Authors: Chakrabarti Priyadarshini , Rana Santanu , Bandopadhyay Sreejata , Naik Dattatraya G. , Sarkar Sagartirtha , Basu Parthiba 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLittle information is available regarding the adverse effects of pesticides on natural honey bee populations. This study highlights the detrimental effects of pesticides on honey bee olfaction through behavioural studies, scanning electron microscopic imaging of antennal sensillae and confocal microscopic studies of honey bee brains for calcium ions on Apis cerana, a native Indian honey bee species. There was a significant decrease in proboscis extension response and biologically active free calcium ions and adverse changes in antennal sensillae in pesticide exposed field honey bee populations compared to morphometrically similar honey bees sampled from low/no pesticide sites. Controlled laboratory experiments corroborated these findings. This study reports for the first time the changes in antennal sensillae, expression of Calpain 1(an important calcium binding protein) and resting state free calcium in brains of honey bees exposed to pesticide stress.
Corporate perspectives: commonalities and differences between Six Sigma and Lean
Authors: M. Vijaya Sunder 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present the corporate views of the commonalities and differences between two of the most powerful methodologies for process improvement in organisations.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach taken was to collate the viewpoints from various corporate professionals. Participants were chosen from different countries across the globe, with a median experience of 10 years as a quality professional with expertise in the field of both Lean and Six Sigma.

Findings
– Thirty-one key points have been highlighted as findings, as a summary of viewpoints provided by the participants. Fourteen commonalities and 17 differences between Six Sigma and Lean were identified. Key findings were grouped under four categories – Approach, Customer, Focus and Organisation.

Research limitations/implications
– The corporate opinions expressed in the paper are those of a few professionals selected for the study. It is important to capture the viewpoints of more such practitioners to arrive at sound and valid conclusions.

Originality/value
– The paper provides an excellent platform for both academicians and working professionals to understand the corporate views of commonalities and differences between the two powerful process improvement methodologies. The paper lays a platform for researchers to understand the applications of Six Sigma and Lean for process excellence.