bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexuality in schizophrenia: Perception of signals of sexual interest
Authors: Biedková P. , Vaníček O. , Novák O. , Ständer K. , Kolářová E. , Androvičová R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThere is emerging evidence that people with schizophrenia (SCH) struggle to form romantic relationships and are often dissatisfied with their sex lives. Intimate relationships are perceived as normalizing and related to a person’s recovery and better medication adherence. Nevertheless, this area remains scientifically unaddressed, and patients with SCH generally do not feel adequately supported in terms of their sexual health.ObjectivesThe study aims to assess whether challenges in establishing sexual relationships could be connected to: a) decreased salience of sexual intimacy and/or b) compromised ability to detect, recognize, and react to signals of sexual interest.Methods
Forty-three patients with SCH (29 males and 14 females) and a control group of twenty-four participants (11 males and 13 females) were exposed to our first experiment, the Circular attention task. This task was designed to evaluate the salience of erotic stimuli compared to neutral ones. At the beginning of each trial, a black fixation circle appeared in the middle of the screen. When a fixation of 250 ms or longer was detected within the circular area of interest (AOI) around the fixation circle, the fixation circle disappeared, and a pair of erotic/neutral pictures appeared. During the experiment, the eye movements were measured using the eye-tracking device Eyelink 1000plus. For data analysis, we used Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess the differences between the mean latency to first fixation, mean duration of first fixation, and mean proportion of time spent gazing at the stimulus both for sexual and neutral pictures in the whole sample regardless of sex and patient status. More detailed analysis was performed using 2 (sex: male, female) x 2 (status: patient, control) two-way ANOVA.ResultsConsidering the whole sample there was a significant difference in mean latency to first fixation (W = 707, p = 0.007, rrb = -0.379) and mean duration of first fixation (W = 1923, p < 0.001, rrb = 0.739). There was a shorter latency to first fixations towards sexual pictures (M = 952.33 ms) than to neutral pictures (M = 1005.30 ms). First fixations were longer for sexual pictures
(M = 280.96 ms) than for neutral pictures (M = 243.73 ms). There was an effect overall in the sample towards the sexual pictures, but it was not different for participants based on their sex or patient status.ConclusionsFindings revealed that interest in explicit sexual stimuli does not differ based on sex or patient status. Patients with SCH appear to find explicit erotic signals sexually salient, suggesting their interest in sexual intimacy. Our study will further investigate whether persons with SCH are able to interpret, recognize and respond to signals of sexual interest. Based on our results, the guidelines for sexological remediation will be developed.The study was supported by the Charles University, 1. LF project GA UK No. 56123.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Evaluation of daytime sleepiness and insomnia symptoms in OSA patients with a characterization of symptom-defined phenotypes and their involvement in depression comorbidity
Authors: Gabryelska A. , Turkiewicz S. , Bialasiewicz P. , Grzybowski F. , Strzelecki D. , Sochal M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRecent studies have emphasized the importance of clinical manifestations, such as insomnia and sleepiness, in defining phenotypes of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), shifting from a focus on OSA severity and sleep structure.ObjectivesThe study aimed to characterize insomnia and sleepiness associated with OSA phenotypes and assess their involvement in depression symptoms (DS) in OSA.Methods
A total of 181 participants undergoing polysomnography (PSG) were asked to fill out questionnaires, including Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Back Depression Index (BDI). They were categorized into phenotypes: insomnia-sleepiness (I+S; ESS≥11; ISI≥15; n=20), sleepiness (S; ESS≥11; ISI<15; n=22), insomnia (I; ESS<11; ISI≥15) and asymptomatic (A; ESS<11; ISI<15; n=55).ResultsA linear regression model for BDI score (R2=0.357, p<0.001) included ISI score and subjective to objective sleep latency ratio. ISI score was a predictive factor for mild and moderate DS (OR=1.226, p<0.001 and OR=1.392, p=0.002, respectively). I and I+S phenotypes are characterized by higher BDI scores (p<0.001 and p=0.015), longer subjective sleep latency (p=0.008 and p=0.041), and shorter subjective total sleep time (TST; p=0.049 and p=0.006), compared to A. Furthermore, the I and I+S groups had shorter subjective TST than S (p=0.028 and p=0.047). I and I+S had higher BDI scores than A (p<0.001 and p=0.015, respectively) and S (p<0.001 and p=0.017, respectively). I phenotype was associated with the risk of mild and moderate DS (OR=5.614, p<0.001 and OR=9.550, p=0.008 respectively). Moreover, the I+S phenotype presented an even greater risk for mild DS (OR=10.286, p<0.001).ConclusionsThe study suggests that using clinical features for OSA phenotyping holds promise for finding OSA individuals with increased risk for the occurrence of DS.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
How is trauma a transdiagnostic risk factor? A biopsychosocial model of risk and protective mechanisms following childhood trauma
Authors: Kerbage H. , Purper-Ouakil D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Traumatic exposure is a common global problem across nations. It is currently well established that childhood trauma is associated with increased risk for psychopathology transdiagnostically, with children having experienced trauma being twice as likely to develop a mental health condition compared to those who have never experienced trauma. According to population-based studies, this heightened risk for the emergence of mental health disorders persists throughout adolescence and adulthood. The risk for psychopathology seems to be most marked in children exposed to interpersonal violence (child emotional and physical abuse, neglect, sexual violence). In this presentation, we will summarize the results of an increasing number of published studies that have examined the mechanisms underlying vulnerability to psychopathology following childhood trauma and protective factors that buffer this risk. Specifically, we will highlight the role of emotion dysregulation and interpersonal difficulties, related to disrupted threat processing following trauma exposure, in mediating the impact of trauma on internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Research studies have also identified protective factors accross the lifespan that might mitigate these outcomes, including social support and emotional skills building. Based on this review, we will suggest a conceptual transdiagnostic and biopsychosocial model of risk and resilience, which can provide opportunities and targets for early interventions and treatment, at the primary and secondary healthcare levels, as well as the social, public health and community levels. Our model is based on a socioecological and multisystemic paradigm of risk and resilience, where resilience is conceptualized as an interaction between individuals and resourceful environments and communities.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Alcohol withdrawal seizures, epilepsy and brain trauma
Authors: Dzhupanov G. , Nikolov V. , Slaveykov G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAlcohol addiction can lead to withdrawal seizures, but most patients do not develop epilesy. In some cases a permanent complication occurs - symptomatic epilepsy. In other cases epilepsy precedes alcohol addiction. Comorbidity may pose serious chalenges to treating clinicians. There are conflicting data regarding relationship between alcohol use, seizures and epilepsy (Scorza CA et al.,CLINICS 2020;75:e1770). Other factors like brain trauma may have impact in genesis of epileptic states as well.ObjectivesEvaluation of interplay between seizures, epilepsy and brain trauma in patients with alcohol use disorder.MethodsAnalysis of a case series in a hospital setting and review of relevant literature.ResultsIn our series of cases the number of patients who have suffered epilepsy before the onset of alcohol use is small. In most of the hospitalized patients epilepsy occurred after the development of alcohol use disorder. In this group we observed that head and brain trauma play role in genesis of seizures and epilepsy and in some instances the reverse happens.ConclusionsOur data indicate the potential role of brain trauma as predisposing and complicating factor in patients who developed seisures and epilepsy. Seizures sometimes increase the risk of brain trauma. Seizures and trauma are important factors in typology of Lesch (Lesch et al. 2011) and a serious evaluation in this direction is improtant, because its diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic implications. Further clarification in this field is necessary.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Prevalence and factors associated with smoking among university staff
Authors: Sellami I. , Feki A. , Abbes A. , Masmoudi M. , Hajjaji M. , Jmal Hammami K. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Smoking among university professionals could influence student smoking behavior, making it important to understand the associated factors to prevent this phenomenon.Objectives
To determine the prevalence of smoking among University staff in Sfax, Tunisia, and identify its associated factors.Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire distributed to 100 university staff. The questionnaire included socio-professional characteristics, assessment of physical workload using the Borg CR-10 scale, and evaluation of nicotine dependence using the Fagerström test.ResultsOur study included 62 participants, with 67.7% of them being women. Active smoking was reported by 50% of male participants. We observed symptoms of severe to very severe depression, anxiety, and stress in 6.4%, 22.5%, and 9.7% of our participants, respectively. Nicotine dependence, as assessed by the Fagerström test, was high to very high in half of the smokers. Bivariate analysis indicated a significant association between smoking and male gender, perceived workload (33.9%), and body mass index.Conclusions

Smoking among university staff is a prevalent phenomenon, especially among male participants. The association of smoking with perceived workload suggests the need for preventive measures to reduce these physical constraints. It is paramount to take actions to encourage smoking cessation among university staff.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Smoking Prevalence and its Association with Work-Related Factors in an Electricity and Gas Company
Authors: Sellami I. , Feki A. , Abbes A. , Ghrab M. A. , Jmal Hammami K. , Masmoudi M. L. , Hajjaji M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn the workplace, a smoke-free environment is crucial to guaranteeing the health of workers and those around them. Understanding the relationship between smoking and work is a prerequisite for implementing effective tobacco control measures.Objectives

To assess the prevalence of smoking in an electricity and gas company in Sfax and to determine the relationship between workers’ nicotine dependence and perceived workload.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey evaluating the smoking behavior of 100 employees of an electricity and gas company. The survey was carried out from July to December 2022 using a two-part questionnaire. The first part was completed by the participants, and the second was administered by the interviewer. Nicotine dependence was assessed using the Fagerström test, while perceived workload was evaluated using the raw NASA-TLX questionnaire.Results

Our study population consisted of 82 male participants. Active smoking was reported by 45.1% of participants. Among smokers, 40.5% had moderate to high nicotine dependence as assessed by the Fagerström test. According to the raw NASA-TLX questionnaire, the mean scores for mental, physical, and temporal demands were 88.8±13.5, 63.6±24.7, and 59.1±28.4, respectively. The mean scores for effort, performance, and frustration were 83.8±14, 85.4±13.1, and 34.5±28.1, respectively. Bivariate analysis indicated an inverse correlation between nicotine dependence and physical demands at work. However, a significant positive correlation was found between nicotine dependence and frustration at work.ConclusionsSmoking among electricity and gas company workers is a prevalent issue, highlighting the urgent need for smoking cessation interventions. The association of smoking with perceived workload underscores the importance of preventive measures to reduce work-related stress.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychotropic substance use among medical residents: prevalence and characteristics
Authors: Ktari H. , Moalla M. , Smaoui N. , Gassara I. , Feki R. , Omri S. , Zouari L. , maalej bouali M. , Maalej M. , Ben Thabet J. , Charfi N. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Psychotropic substance use among medical residents represents a critical concern due to its potential impact on patient care and practitioner well-being. This topic looks into the prevalence and characteristics of psychotropic substance use, including prescription medications and illicit drugs, among individuals pursuing medical residency. Understanding the scope of the problem and its distinctive features is essential for developing targeted interventions and support mechanisms within the medical community.ObjectivesTo assess psychotropic substance use among medical residents, describe its characteristics and determine the prevalence of problematic use.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive studyamong Tunisian medical residents over a three-month period (August - September 2022) using an online survey. Different specialties and levels of residency were included. An online self-questionnaire was used including a data collection form and the DAST-10 (Drug Abuse Screening Test) scale. The data was analyzed using the SPSS 20th version softwareResultsAmong the 80 residents in our study, 19 (23.8%) reported psychotropic substance use, and 12 (15%) reportedthat they had misused psychotropic drugs at least once in their lives (without a prescription and/or with a prescription but not following the instructions). The most commonly psychotropic drugs used were benzodiazepines, followed by amphetamines, analgesics, anesthetics, and pregabalin (28%, 16%, 12%, 12%, 12%, respectively).
Consumption was regular for 41.7% of those who reported psychotropic drugs misuse. The initiation of psychotropic use followed a desire to experiment various substances (41.7%), a medical prescription (33.3%), or their availability due to medical practice (25%). Self-medication and recreational use were the most common reasons for use (41.7% each). Furthermore, 31.6% of consumers revealed a problematic substance use as assessed by the DAST-10 scale.ConclusionsOur study showed a concerning prevalence of psychotropic substance use among medical residents, benzodiazepines being the most prevalent. Notably, 15% acknowledged misuse and a significant proportion displayed problematic substance use. These results highlight the potential health risks and the importance of addressing this issue within the medical community.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The relationship between cannabis use, depression, anxiety and self esteem among Tunisian young adults living abroad
Authors: Moalla M. , Charfi N. , Ktari H. , Omri S. , Smaoui N. , Gassara I. , Feki R. , Zouari L. , maalej bouali M. , Ben Thabet J. , Maalej M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCannabis use is very common worldwide. Its consumption could be explained by recreational purposes as it can be motivated by some psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety or low self-esteem.ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the relationship between cannabis use, depression, anxiety and self-esteem among a population of Tunisian adults living abroad.Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire on young Tunisians people who have completed their secondary studies at the pilot high school of Sfax and currently residing abroad. The survey questionnaire was designed on Google Forms. It included a data collection sheet and psychometric scales “Cannabis Abuse Screening Test” (CAST), “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale” (HADS) and”Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale”.ResultsThe sample consisted of 35 Tunisian young adults. 17 participants (48.6%) reported a cannabis use behavior. It was done with friends in a festive setting in 88% of cases (N=15). According to the CAST, 17,6% (N=3) of cannabis users were at high risk of cannabis dependence. Anxiety was present in 17,6% (N=3) and depression in 17,6% (N=3) of participants. Self-esteem was low in 23,53% (N=4) of participants.Cannabis use was not associated with the presence of current emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression (p=0.894 and p=0.933 respectively). It was also not associated with lower self-esteem (p=0.585).ConclusionsCannabis use is relatively common among young Tunisian emigrants without evolving towards dependence inseveral cases. This behavior seems to be more influenced by social factors and misrepresentations about cannabis than by psychological disturbance.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Environmental determinants of mental health in clinical practice
Authors: Catthoor K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
According to the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Report (2022), climate changes (e.g. rising sea levels and temperatures and) are noticeable and intensifying on the entire planet. Extreme weather events or ecological disasters are occurring with increased frequency and intensity. Anthropogenic climate change has been called “the defining issue of our time” (United Nations, 2022) and “the greatest threat to global health in the 21st century” (World Health Organization, 2015). Health impacts from climate change may include increased morbidity and mortality from worsening cardiopulmonary health, and greater risk of infectious diseases and mental illness. During this lecture, we will discuss environmental aspects that clearly have a negative impact on the mental well-being of the general population and, more specifically, the psychiatric population. The focus will primarily delve deeper into climate anxiety.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Factors Affecting Student Anxiety estimated by linear regression
Authors: Urtnasan T. , Namdag N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis study was conducted to estimate anxiety levels at the university level to address the issues of changing the healthy lifestyle of students, promoting health, spending their free time properly, being healthy, and developing good habits.ObjectivesThe aim is to study the factors affecting student anxiety.MethodsThe study was conducted by random sampling of 1356 students from the 1st to 5th year of the medical school of Etugen University in the academic years 2020-2022.Results
4.3%(58) of students’ inherent anxiety was low, 62.3%(845) was moderate, and 33.4%(453) were high, while 4.2%(57) had low anxiety and 42.4% (575) were anxious due to the student’s situation. had moderate anxiety and 53.4% (724) had high anxiety.According to the research, 69.9% (948) had a low level of motivation, 23.4% (317) had a below-average level, 5.6% (76) had an average level, and 1.1% (15) had an above or higher level.There is a weak inverse relationship between congenital anxiety and the course of study (r=-0.054*), and a weak inverse relationship between age (r=-0.048). There is a weak (r=-0.125**) inverse relationship between situational anxiety and the course of study, and a weak (r=-0.127**) inverse relationship between age.When examining the relationship between students’ natural anxiety and the factors influencing it, there is a moderate (r=0.630**) direct correlation between natural anxiety and situational anxiety.According to the one-factor linear regression analysis of students’ congenital anxiety (B=-1.964; 95%CI (-3.07 - 0.858); p<0.01), increasing the age by one increases congenital anxiety by 1.964 times, p<0.01, which means that the linear model is good. indicating a match.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that situational anxiety (B=3.845; 95%CI (6.288 - 347.90); p<0.01) or a one-level increase in situational anxiety increased congenital anxiety 3.845 times p<0.00. is relevantConclusionsAccording to the multivariate analysis, there is a linear significant relationship between one increase in student age, and -1.256-fold decrease in situational anxiety, and a -5.464-fold decrease in situational anxiety when not suffering from mental illness.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea syndrome severity on depression and anxiety disorders
Authors: Fki A. , Ben Lazreg A. , Bouchech R. , Ben Cheickh R. , Sakly G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionObstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a chronic source of stress that can alter the emotional state of affected patients.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the impact of OSAHS severity on depression and anxiety disorders in a Tunisian population of apneic patients.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study, involving 40 patients diagnosed with OSAHS by polysomnography in the Sleep unit, department of Neurophysilogy at Sahloul university hospital in Sousse, Tunisia. Anxiety and depressive disorders were detected using the Arabic version of the HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale).Results
The mean age was 49.7 ± 7.87 years with a sex ratio of 1.1. The mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 29.72. OSAHS was mild, moderate and severe in 40%, 22.5% and 37.5% of cases respectively. One third (30%) of patients received a treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The prevalence of depression in the study’s patients, according to the HADS, was 56.4% and that of anxiety was 59%. There was a positive linear relationship between AHI and scores of depression and anxiety (p=0.045 and p=0.037 respectively). Similarly, a significant association was found between HAD scores and treatment with CPAP (p<0.05).Conclusions
These results show a high frequency of anxiety-depressive disorders in patients with OSAHS. Severity of OSAHS and CPAP treatment proved to be determining factors in anxiety and depressive disorders, hence the importance of detecting these disorders in order to improve patients’ quality of life.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared