bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic investigation of the oxidative polymerization of linseed oil catalyzed by Co(II), Mn(II), and Fe(II) complexes with chelating nitrogen ligands
Authors: Lima Gilvan Epifânio Silva , Nunes Everton Vinícius , Dantas Roberta Correia , Meneghetti Mario Roberto , Meneghetti Simoni Margareti Plentz 
Published: July 2014

Several metal catalysts, i.e., cobalt(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate (1), manganese(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate (2) and iron(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate (3), and their complexes with the chelating nitrogen ligands, i.e., 1,10‐phenanthroline (a), 4‐methyl‐1,10′‐phenanthroline (b), and 5,6′‐dimethyl‐1,10′‐phenanthroline (c), were tested for the oxidative polymerization of linseed oil. The stoichiometries of the complexes were determined, and the isolated complexes were characterized by IR spectroscopy to confirm that complexation had occurred. The evolution of the viscosity was evaluated for 18 h, and the results were expressed as apparent kinetic constants calculated from ln(viscosity) versus time. The results indicate that the manganese and iron chelates exhibit higher catalytic efficiencies than their corresponding carboxylates and that their performances are comparable to that of the cobalt carboxylate.Practical applications:The coordination of chelating nitrogen ligands to manganese and iron carboxylates improves their catalytic performance and is a promising strategy for substituting cobalt carboxylates in some applications in the coating industry.Precursors and ligands used to obtain new complexes1a,1b,1c,2a,2b,2c,3a,3b, and3c, investigated in oxidative polymerization process.
Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Sensing of Dihydronicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and Glucose Based on Noncovalently Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots/Poly‐Nile Blue Nanocomposite
Authors: Jafari Fereydoon , Salimi Abdollah , Navaee Aso 
Published: July 2014

AbstractReduced graphene oxide‐CdS quantum dots (rGO‐CdS QDs) nanocomposite was synthesized with a one‐pot and facile solvothermal strategy and characterized with X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The nanocomposite modified with electropolymerized Nile blue (NB) had high electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic activity toward NADH oxidation with lowering 700 mV of overvoltage compared to bare GCE. The linear response up to 200 µM was obtained for photoamperometric determination of NADH and the detection limit was 1 µM (S/N=3). Furthermore, with covalence immobilizing of glucose dehydrogenase onto the nanocomposite, the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical ability of the proposed system toward glucose biosensing was also investigated.
Shake table tests for the seismic fragility evaluation of hospital rooms
Authors: Cosenza E. , Di Sarno L. , Maddaloni G. , Magliulo G. , Petrone C. , Prota A. 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYHealth care facilities may undergo severe and widespread damage that impairs the functionality of the system when it is stricken by an earthquake. Such detrimental response is emphasized either for the hospital buildings designed primarily for gravity loads or without employing base isolation/supplemental damping systems. Moreover, these buildings need to warrant operability especially in the aftermath of moderate‐to‐severe earthquake ground motions.The provisions implemented in the new seismic codes allow obtaining adequate seismic performance for the hospital structural components; nevertheless, they do not provide definite yet reliable rules to design and protect the building contents. To date, very few experimental tests have been carried out on hospital buildings equipped with nonstructural components as well as building contents.The present paper is aimed at establishing the limit states for a typical health care room and deriving empirical fragility curves by considering a systemic approach. Toward this aim, a full scale three‐dimensional model of an examination (out patients consultation) room is constructed and tested dynamically by using the shaking table facility of the University of Naples, Italy. The sample room contains a number of typical medical components, which are either directly connected to the panel boards of the perimeter walls or behave as simple freestanding elements. The outcomes of the comprehensive shaking table tests carried out on the examination room have been utilized to derive fragility curves based on a systemic approach. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of junction angle on three‐dimensional flow structure and bed morphology at confluent meander bends during different hydrological conditions
Authors: Riley James D. , Rhoads Bruce L. , Parsons Daniel R. , Johnson Kevin K. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractRecent field and modeling investigations have examined the fluvial dynamics of confluent meander bends where a straight tributary channel enters a meandering river at the apex of a bend with a 90° junction angle. Past work on confluences with asymmetrical and symmetrical planforms has shown that the angle of tributary entry has a strong influence on mutual deflection of confluent flows and the spatial extent of confluence hydrodynamic and morphodynamic features. This paper examines three‐dimensional flow structure and bed morphology for incoming flows with high and low momentum‐flux ratios at two large, natural confluent meander bends that have different tributary entry angles. At the high‐angle (90°) confluent meander bend, mutual deflection of converging flows abruptly turns fluid from the lateral tributary into the downstream channel and flow in the main river is deflected away from the outer bank of the bend by a bar that extends downstream of the junction corner along the inner bank of the tributary. Two counter‐rotating helical cells inherited from upstream flow curvature flank the mixing interface, which overlies a central pool. A large influx of sediment to the confluence from a meander cutoff immediately upstream has produced substantial morphologic change during large, tributary‐dominant discharge events, resulting in displacement of the pool inward and substantial erosion of the point bar in the main channel. In contrast, flow deflection is less pronounced at the low‐angle (36°) confluent meander bend, where the converging flows are nearly parallel to one another upon entering the confluence. A large helical cell imparted from upstream flow curvature in the main river occupies most of the downstream channel for prevailing low momentum‐flux ratio conditions and a weak counter‐rotating cell forms during infrequent tributary‐dominant flow events. Bed morphology remains relatively stable and does not exhibit extensive scour that often occurs at confluences with concordant beds. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ecotoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene assessed by soil microbial indicators
Authors: Cheng Jinjin , Song Jing , Ding Changfeng , Li Xiaogang , Wang Xingxiang 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

The ecotoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) to soil microorganisms was evaluated using the following microbial indicators: soil microbial biomass, respiration, nitrification, and Shannon index. Two soil types, udic ferrosols and aquic cambisols, were amended with 0 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, or 1000 mg/kg BaP; incubated at 25 °C; and tested on days 28, 60, and 180. The Shannon index was extremely insensitive to BaP. Microbial biomass and respiration could not be classified as sensitive indicators because of their relatively high 10% effect concentration (EC10) values. Nitrification was the most sensitive indicator in both soils and could be the preferred microbial indicator for testing the ecotoxicity of BaP. Higher toxicity of BaP was exhibited in udic ferrosols than in aquic cambisols, and the ecotoxicity of BaP decreased with incubation time. Extending the 28-d incubation time, which is suggested in the International Organization for Standardization and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines, to 60 d was recommended for future microbial toxicity tests of BaP. On day 28, the EC10 values for microbial biomass, respiration, and nitrification were 71 mg/kg, 43 mg/kg, and 3.4 mg/kg in aquic cambisols and 51 mg/kg, 22 mg/kg, and 1.3 mg/kg in udic ferrosols, respectively. On day 60, these values were 106 mg/kg, 59 mg/kg, and 19 mg/kg in aquic cambisols and 77 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 6.9 mg/kg in udic ferrosols. These values could be used in combination to derive ecotoxicological soil screening levels of BaP. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014; 33:1930–1936. © 2014 SETAC
Application of B‐splines and curved geometries to boundaries in SPH
Authors: Barker Daniel J. , Brito‐Parada Pablo , Neethling Stephen J. 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYSmoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) has been increasing in popularity rapidly in recent years and is being used for an ever wider range of applications. Central to almost all of these application is the inclusion of accurate wall boundaries. We present here a discussion of boundaries in SPH, in particular, focusing on reflected ghost‐particle boundaries. We show how one can include curved shapes as geometrical objects and more generally as parametric non‐uniform rational B‐spline (NURBS) curves. By properly considering the reflection operation, we derive a correction factor that demonstrably improves the accuracy of the SPH solution and present examples to confirm this. NURBS are standard for representing both 2D curves and 3D surfaces. We detail how they can be practically included in an SPH implementation, including how to calculate various required quantities and reflect particles in the NURBS object. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of Gloves on User Performance and Comfort in the Semiconductor Industry
Authors: Dababneh Awwad J. , Schwab Paul A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe potential impact of using single and double gloves on workers’ performance and comfort in the semiconductor industry was assessed in an experimental investigation. Four gloves configurations were included in the study: bare hands without gloves, single vinyl gloves, latex rubber gloves over vinyl gloves, and tripolymer gloves over vinyl gloves. Also, each gloves condition was examined under wet and dry configurations. Three basic tests were devised: 1) carrying out a test task, 2) using a testing rig to assess subjects’ abilities to exert pull‐down forces while using a power grip, and (3) using a pinch grip. The test rig included end effects that are identical in dimensions made of polypropylene, stainless steel, and Teflon. Sixteen male and 7 female workers participated in the study. Results indicated that, in comparison to using dry and bare hands, using double gloves increased the level of effort exerted, reduced comfort, and reduced the sense of security during the test task (p < .05). Also, it was concluded that wearing gloves may reduce workers’ capacity to perform material‐handling tasks. The ability to exert pull‐down forces using both power and pinch grips was reduced but by different degrees, depending on the gloves configurations and the material comprising the end effects. Other than the differences in reference to dry bare hands, differences between glove‐using study conditions were statistically insignificant.
The potential role of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of panic disorder
Authors: Wang Hee Ryung , Woo Young Sup , Bahk Won‐Myong 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveMany studies have investigated the efficacy and tolerability of alternative pharmacotherapy for panic disorder. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature regarding the efficacy and tolerability of atypical antipsychotics for panic disorder.MethodsWe searched for relevant published articles using Medline, the Cochrane database, and EMBASE on 19 June 2013. Prospective studies that examined the efficacy and tolerability of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of primary panic disorder or comorbid panic disorder (or symptoms) in other psychiatric disorders were included in this review.ResultsSeven prospective studies were included in this review. Among these, four were open‐label studies for refractory panic disorder. Two of the seven included studies were randomized controlled trials among patients with panic symptoms comorbid with bipolar disorder. The remaining study was a randomized controlled trial for panic disorder or panic attack comorbid with major depression. Except one negative risperidone study, the reviewed studies showed the favorable efficacy results of atypical antipsychotics.ConclusionsAlthough the majority of the evidence regarding the efficacy of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of panic disorder comes from small, open‐label studies, this review suggests the potential role of atypical antipsychotics in treating panic disorder. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Canine body composition quantification using 3 tesla fat–water MRI
Authors: Gifford Aliya , Kullberg Joel , Berglund Johan , Malmberg Filip , Coate Katie C. , Williams Phillip E. , Cherrington Alan D. , Avison Malcolm J. , Welch E. Brian 
Published: July 2014

PurposeTo test the hypothesis that a whole‐body fat–water MRI (FWMRI) protocol acquired at 3 Tesla combined with semi‐automated image analysis techniques enables precise volume and mass quantification of adipose, lean, and bone tissue depots that agree with static scale mass and scale mass changes in the context of a longitudinal study of large‐breed dogs placed on an obesogenic high‐fat, high‐fructose diet.Materials and MethodsSix healthy adult male dogs were scanned twice, at weeks 0 (baseline) and 4, of the dietary regiment. FWMRI‐derived volumes of adipose tissue (total, visceral, and subcutaneous), lean tissue, and cortical bone were quantified using a semi‐automated approach. Volumes were converted to masses using published tissue densities.ResultsFWMRI‐derived total mass corresponds with scale mass with a concordance correlation coefficient of 0.931 (95% confidence interval = [0.813, 0.975]), and slope and intercept values of 1.12 and −2.23 kg, respectively. Visceral, subcutaneous and total adipose tissue masses increased significantly from weeks 0 to 4, while neither cortical bone nor lean tissue masses changed significantly. This is evidenced by a mean percent change of 70.2% for visceral, 67.0% for subcutaneous, and 67.1% for total adipose tissue.ConclusionFWMRI can precisely quantify and map body composition with respect to adipose, lean, and bone tissue depots. The described approach provides a valuable tool to examine the role of distinct tissue depots in an established animal model of human metabolic disease. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:485–491. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sea ice climatology in the Canadian Western Arctic: thermodynamic versus dynamic controls
Authors: Candlish L. M. , Iacozza J. , Lukovich J. V. , Horton B. , Barber D. G. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTBased on the regions in the western Canadian Arctic as outlined by the Canadian Ice Service, the normals and trends from 1981 to 2010 were analysed for the monthly surface air temperature, monthly wind speed and direction. For the month of September, the temperatures from 1981 to 2010, for all of the defined regions, increased by 2–4 °C. The monthly concentrations of sea ice and multiyear ice were analysed for normals and trends from 1981 to 2010. Although the whole Arctic has seen a large reduction in the minimum sea ice extent, in the defined region of study during September, only the Beaufort Sea region shows a statistically significant decrease in sea ice concentrations. Correlations between the climatological state variables and sea ice were investigated in this study to determine relative thermodynamic and dynamic contributions to a decline in sea ice extent in the Western Arctic. As expected, the regions of interest all showed a statistically significant correlation between the surface air temperatures and the total sea ice concentrations. However, neither the wind speed nor the direction had a strong correlation on the sea ice concentration trends. This study showed that in the regions investigated, thermodynamic forcing of sea ice is the dominant driver when compared with dynamic forcing, which is a secondary driver in the western Canadian Arctic.
Aggregate Recovery in Reclaimed Coal Mine Soils of SW Virginia
Authors: Wick Abbey F. , Daniels W. Lee , Nash Whitney L. , Burger James A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSustainability of mined‐land reclamation is of growing importance, with over 600,000 ha of the Appalachian coal region disturbed since 1977. Long‐term evaluation of soil under various reclamation strategies is also important. Aggregation and organic matter (OM) influence both soil structure and function and can be of use in evaluating reclaimed systems. The objective of this study was to examine these two parameters in a long‐term experiment (27 years) where various types (control‐CON, topsoil‐TS, sawdust‐SD and biosolids‐BS) and rates of soil amendments (biosolids: BS‐22, BS‐56, BS‐112 and BS‐224 Mg ha−1) have been applied. Macroaggregates (>250 µm) comprised >95% of total aggregation across all treatments, indicating the importance of this size class for soil development. Macroaggregate carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools contributed more to stabilization of OM in these soils than microaggregate pools. All BS treatments contained higher concentrations of aggregate C (96·8–127 g C kg−1 aggregate) and N (6·80–8·22 g N kg−1 aggregate) relative to CON; however, mass of C and N did not vary among application rates. Though few differences were expressed in C and N pool sizes among treatments, there was some indication that amendments impact reclaimed sites early in soil development (~ < 10 years), while vegetation may exert more dominance in subsequent years. It is important to select appropriate management strategies to favor not only the establishment of desirable vegetation but also preservation of soil macroaggregate structure to improve long‐term nutrient supply, physical soil properties and potential C‐sequestration in reclaimed soils. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bundle Building in the Arts: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Darveau Jessica , d'Astous Alain 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTWithin the arts and culture sector, bundling is a commonly used strategy that consists in marketing a combination of products in a single package. Drawing from current examples in the arts and culture industry, the study presented in this article examines how different bundling strategies affect consumer decisions and perceptions. An experiment was conducted among a sample of 200 adult consumers where the complementarity of bundle items (complementary vs. noncomplementary) and mode of selection of bundle items (additive vs. subtractive) were jointly manipulated by means of a self‐administered questionnaire. Consistent with previous research, the results showed that consumers who construct an arts and culture bundle in a subtractive fashion end up with a greater number of items and a more expensive bundle. However, the impact of mode of selection on the bundle's perceived value was shown to depend on the complementarity of the items. These findings suggest that the recommendation of avoiding bundling noncomplementary products usually put forward in the bundling literature must be evaluated through a consideration of the type of strategy that is used to build the bundle.
Effects of Arousal, Dominance, and Their Interaction on Pleasure in a Cultural Environment
Authors: Miniero Giulia , Rurale Andrea , Addis Michela 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTBeing typically hedonic, arts and culture by definition provide pleasurable experiences that are consumed for their own sake. If pleasure acts as the key emotion in these experiences, at the same time other emotions might be elicited by the rich and holistic environment and the interaction that takes place between the cultural product and the consumer. By adopting the common theoretical framework of the PAD model (Mehrabian & Russell, ), but innovating in the structural links among the three main affective dimensions—pleasure, arousal, and dominance (PAD)—this study empirically tests whether arousal, dominance, and their interaction generate pleasure. Findings show that arousal and dominance affect pleasure positively and significantly, whereas their interaction affects it negatively. Pleasure leads to a direct and positive effect on satisfaction that mediates a positive effect on behavioral intention.
Construction and characterization of stable, constitutively expressed, chromosomal green and red fluorescent transcriptional fusions in the select agents, Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Burkholderia mallei, and Burkholderia pseudomallei
Authors: Su Shengchang , Bangar Hansraj , Saldanha Roland , Pemberton Adin , Aronow Bruce , Dean Gary E. , Lamkin Thomas J. , Hassett Daniel J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHere, we constructed stable, chromosomal, constitutively expressed, green and red fluorescent protein (GFP and RFP) as reporters in the select agents, Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Burkholderia mallei, and Burkholderia pseudomallei. Using bioinformatic approaches and other experimental analyses, we identified P0253 and P1 as potent promoters that drive the optimal expression of fluorescent reporters in single copy in B. anthracis and Burkholderia spp. as well as their surrogate strains, respectively. In comparison, Y. pestis and its surrogate strain need two chromosomal copies of cysZK promoter (P2cysZK) for optimal fluorescence. The P0253‐, P2cysZK‐, and P1‐driven GFP and RFP fusions were first cloned into the vectors pRP1028, pUC18R6KT‐mini‐Tn7T‐Km, pmini‐Tn7‐gat, or their derivatives. The resultant constructs were delivered into the respective surrogates and subsequently into the select agent strains. The chromosomal GFP‐ and RFP‐tagged strains exhibited bright fluorescence at an exposure time of less than 200 msec and displayed the same virulence traits as their wild‐type parental strains. The utility of the tagged strains was proven by the macrophage infection assays and lactate dehydrogenase release analysis. Such strains will be extremely useful in high‐throughput screens for novel compounds that could either kill these organisms, or interfere with critical virulence processes in these important bioweapon agents and during infection of alveolar macrophages.
IMPROVING EARLY‐GRADE LITERACY IN EAST AFRICA: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FROM KENYA AND UGANDA
Authors: Lucas Adrienne M. , McEwan Patrick J. , Ngware Moses , Oketch Moses 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPrimary school enrollments have increased rapidly in sub‐Saharan Africa, spurring concerns about low levels of learning. We analyze field experiments in Kenya and Uganda that assessed whether the Reading to Learn intervention, implemented by the Aga Khan Foundation in both countries, improved early‐grade literacy as measured by common assessments. We find that Ugandan literacy (in Lango) increased by 0.2 standard deviations. We find a smaller effect (0.08) on a Swahili literacy test in Kenya. We find no evidence that differential effects are explained by baseline differences across countries in student test scores, classroom attributes, or implementation fidelity. A plausible explanation that cannot be directly tested is differential effective exposure to the literacy treatment in the tested languages. Students in Kenya were tested in Swahili, which is not necessarily the main language of instruction in primary schools, despite official policy.