bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat resistance of Listeria monocytogenes persistent cells following osmotic stress in cooked pork sausages
Authors: Nalbone Luca , Forgia Salvatore , Ziino Graziella , Sorrentino Giorgia , Giarratana Filippo , Giuffrida Alessandro 
Published: August 2024

SummaryPersistent bacteria are subset of cells capable of surviving bactericidal treatments longer. They originate in response to environmental stressors and show a longer lag phase compared to the rest of the population they are part of. Impact of persistent cells on food safety and role of common food preservation techniques in their formation are still unclear. This study aims to investigate whether osmotic stress induces formation of persistent cells in Listeria monocytogenes capable of resisting longer during cooking cycle of pork sausages. Lag‐phase duration at single‐cell level of a strain grown in 6%‐NaCl broth using image processing software was first investigated. Then, trend of the strain inactivation curve was evaluated in experimentally contaminated pork sausages cooked at 65 °C for 11 min. Results showed that salt triggers the formation of persistent cells characterised by a longer lag phase and increased heat resistance, posing a concern especially for ready‐to‐eat foods.
The effects of duration of any breastfeeding on body mass index in Australian children: Exploration of health, economic and equity impacts
Authors: Carrello Joseph , Brown Vicki , Killedar Anagha , Hayes Alison 
Published: August 2024

SummaryBackgroundBreastfeeding is a protective measure against childhood overweight and obesity. However, many children are not breastfed the recommended duration, with those from disadvantaged backgrounds more likely to cease breastfeeding early.ObjectivesInvestigate the association between duration of any breastfeeding and body mass index (BMI) and estimate the health, economic and equity impacts of increasing breastfeeding duration to at least 6 months.MethodsWe modelled the association between any breastfeeding duration and BMI at age 6/7 years, using a nationally representative cohort of 3935 Australian children (survey weighted to 221 103 children). We then used a simulation model to predict the impact of increasing breastfeeding duration to at least 6 months in all children on prevalence of overweight (including obesity) and associated healthcare costs to age 16/17 years.ResultsAchieving breastfeeding duration of at least 6 months could prevent 2933 cases of overweight at age 16/17 years, translating to healthcare cost‐savings of AUD $4.29 million. Although most cases (68%) would come from low socio‐economic backgrounds this would make only a minor difference in reducing inequalities.ConclusionEfforts to support increased breastfeeding duration could result in reduced prevalence of overweight and obesity and save healthcare costs, however, additional action would be required to improve equity.
Does basic physician trainee selection predict successful progression in the Royal Australasian College of Physicians adult medicine training programme? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Post Jeffrey J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal selection process for basic physician trainees (BPTs) is unclear.AimsTo assess an adult BPT selection process, including a standardised recruitment interview assessing clinical decision‐making and situational judgement.MethodsA retrospective multi‐year cohort study of applicants who were selected for interview during the annual recruitment for 2011–2015 clinical years in an adult basic physician training network in NSW. The predictive capacity of the final recruitment assessment score was compared with success in the Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) adult medicine clinical examination within 2 years.ResultsFour hundred thirty‐six applicants were selected for interview (84–91 in each year). Summary mean post‐interview scores ranged from 1.25 to 10, with the median ranging between 7 and 8. Median scores were higher in those who passed the examination than those who did not (7.75 vs 6.43, P < 0.0001). Those who did not sit for the examination in the relevant year or never sat for the examination had similar median scores (7 vs 6.75, P = 0.11). Those not deemed eligible for recruitment were less likely to pass the clinical examination within 2 years than those on the eligibility list (odds ratio (OR) = 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.25–0.57). Applicants with mean scores lower than 8 were less likely to pass than those in the top band (8.1–10); scores between 6.1 and 8 OR 0.42 (95% CI = 0.26–0.68), 4.1–6 OR 0.23 (95% CI = 0.13–0.41) and 2.1–4 OR 0.24 (95% CI = 0.10–0.60).Conclusion(s)The predictive capacity of the selection process for success in the RACP clinical examination within the minimum time period is high.
The Use of Snoezelen to Support People With Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities: An International Survey Describing the Perspectives of Support Persons
Authors: Testerink Gemma , ten Brug Annet , Douma Gerdine , van der Putten Annette 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSnoezelen is often used for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities, but scarcely evaluated. This study aimed to provide insight into the application and perceived effects of snoezelen from the perspective of support persons.MethodWe conducted an international survey with professionals (n = 130) and relatives (n = 8) supporting people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. Information regarding the application and perceived effects was gathered. Content and descriptive analysis were used.ResultsDespite variation, common characteristics were identified regarding purpose, approach and context. Perceived positive effects mostly concerned improved mental health of the person receiving snoezelen (n = 88). A person‐centred approach was reported as important element for positive effects.ConclusionsThis study describes the use of snoezelen for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. These insights can be used for future research into working elements and effects of snoezelen and facilitate evidence‐based support.
The moderating effect of self‐regulated learning skills on online learning behaviour in blended learning
Authors: Li Shuang , Chen Jingxi , Liu Sizhuo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundEnhancing the effectiveness of online learning has become a key challenge with regard to the ability of blended learning to reach its full potential. However, mechanisms by which students' self‐regulated learning (SRL) skills influence their online learning engagement in blended learning and subsequent learning achievement have yet to be explored fully.ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying the effects of students' SRL skills on online learning behaviour and learning achievement in blended learning.MethodsBased on students' self‐reported data and learning behavioural data, this study employed a combination of structural equation modelling and learning analytics to conduct an in‐depth investigation into the influence of SRL skills on online learning behaviour and blended learning achievement.ResultsThe results indicated that the duration spent on challenging mandatory tasks mediates the relationship between psychological engagement and learning achievement; Two SRL skills, task strategies and self‐evaluation, played positive moderating roles in the relationship between psychological engagement and online behavioural engagement. Further analysis of behavioural sequences revealed that these two skills influenced students' behavioural patterns during video learning and their effectiveness in error attribution during exercises. Additionally, self‐evaluation impacted the approach to quizzes and error correction during exercises.TakeawayThe findings of this research enrich and advance the understanding of characteristics and processes of SRL in blended learning contexts and have important implications for both instructional design and learning support in the context of blended K‐12 learning.
Risk analysis of blood pressure changes on cardiovascular disease in Chinese population
Authors: Xu Lei , Wang Kai , Yan Tao , Li Lehui , Miao Yu , Tian Zixuan , Zhang Ru , Wang Ya , Zhang Chunfa , Yan Jinli , Cao Ning , Zhang Nan , Zhang Xingguang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to assess the impact of changes in blood pressure on cardiovascular events in the Chinese population. It enrolled 33 179 Chinese participants aged ≥35 years (57.1% women) without CVD at baseline. BP status was defined according to the 2017 ACC/AHA hypertension guidelines. The type of BP change was defined as change in BP status from baseline to the end of follow‐up, included stable BP <130/80, <130/80 to ≥130/80, ≥130/80 to <130/80 mm Hg, persistent BP ≥130/80 mm Hg. The hazard ratio (HR) of incident CVD by change in BP category was estimated using Cox proportional hazards and Fine–Gray models. During median follow‐up of 3.17 years, 2023 CVD events occurred. Compared with BP <120/80, 120–129/<80 mm Hg at baseline (HR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.09–2.53), 130–139/80–89 mm Hg (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.94–1.95), and ≥140/90 mm Hg (HR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.78–3.40) were risk factors for CVD. Compared with the group with stable BP <130/80 mm Hg, the risk of CVD was 1.88 (95% CI: 1.40–2.53) in the group with persistent BP ≥130/80 mm Hg and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.01–1.94) in the group of BP decreased to <130/80 mm Hg. These results showed that BP 120–129/<80, 130–139/80–89, and ≥140/90 mm Hg were associated with a high risk of CVD. Over time, persistent BP ≥130/80 mm Hg increased the risk of CVD, but a return to <130/80 mm Hg from hypertension decreased the risk of CVD.
Digital motor intervention effects on motor performance of individuals with developmental disabilities: a systematic review
Authors: Corey J. , Tsai J. M. , Mhadeshwar A. , Srinivasan S. , Bhat A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals (i.e. children/young adults) with developmental disabilities (DDs) and intellectual disabilities (IDs) often display a variety of physical and motor impairments. It is well known that participation in motor activities can positively impact the development of children's cognitive and social skills. Recently, virtual and digital technologies (e.g. video conferencing applications, virtual reality and video gaming) have been increasingly used to promote better physical/motor outcomes. The efficacy of digital technologies in improving motor outcomes for those with DD/ID varies depending on the technology and population, and the comparative effects of various technologies are unknown. The aim of our study is to conduct a systematic review to comprehensively examine the quantitative and qualitative results of current studies reporting the efficacy of digitally based motor interventions on motor outcomes in individuals with DD/ID.MethodsLiterature published from 1900 to 2024 was searched in four health sciences databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and CINAHL. Articles that examined the effects of gross motor/physical activity training using technologies such as exergaming (i.e. exercise through video gaming such as the Wii and Xbox Kinect), virtual reality or telehealth video conferencing applications (i.e. Zoom, Webex or mobile health apps) on the standardised or game‐specific gross motor performance of individuals with DD/ID diagnoses that do not typically experience significant walking challenges using experimental or quasi‐experimental study designs were included. Thirty relevant articles were retrieved from a search of the databases PubMed (914), PsycINFO (1201), Scopus (1910) and CINAHL (948).ResultsOur quantitative synthesis of this published literature suggests strong and consistent evidence of small‐to‐large improvements in motor skill performance following digital movement interventions.ConclusionsOur review supports the use of digital motor interventions to support motor skill performance in individuals with DD without ID. Digital technologies can provide a more engaging option for therapists to promote motor skill development in individuals with DD or for caregivers to use as an adjunct to skilled therapy.
Reliability of quantitative magnetic susceptibility imaging metrics for cerebral cortex and major subcortical structures
Authors: Pirozzi Maria Agnese , Canna Antonietta , Nardo Federica Di , Sansone Mario , Trojsi Francesca , Cirillo Mario , Esposito Fabrizio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeSusceptibility estimates derived from quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) images for the cerebral cortex and major subcortical structures are variably reported in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, as average of all (), absolute (), or positive‐ () and negative‐only () susceptibility values using a region of interest (ROI) approach.This pilot study presents a reliability analysis of currently used ROI‐QSM metrics and an alternative ROI‐based approach to obtain voxel‐weighted ROI‐QSM metrics ( and ).MethodsTen healthy subjects underwent repeated (test‐retest) 3‐dimensional multi‐echo gradient‐echo (3DMEGE) 3 Tesla MRI measurements. Complex‐valued 3DMEGE images were acquired and reconstructed with slice thicknesses of 1 and 2 mm (3DMEGE1, 3DMEGE2) along with 3DT1‐weighted isometric (voxel 1 mm3) images for independent registration and ROI segmentation.Agreement, consistency, and reproducibility of ROI‐QSM metrics were assessed through Bland‐Altman analysis, intraclass correlation coefficient, and interscan and intersubject coefficient of variation (CoV).ResultsAll ROI‐QSM metrics exhibited good to excellent consistency and test‐retest agreement with no proportional bias. Interscan CoV was higher for in comparison to the other metrics where it was below 15%, in both 3DMEGE1 and 3DMEGE2 datasets. Intersubject CoV for and exceeded 50% in all ROIs.ConclusionsAmong the evaluated ROI‐QSM metrics, and estimates were less reliable, whereas separating positive and negative values (using ) improved the reproducibility within, and the comparability between, subjects, even when reducing the slice thickness. These preliminary findings may offer valuable insights toward standardizing ROI‐QSM metrics across different patient cohorts and imaging settings in future clinical MRI studies.
Association between psychological traits and occlusal tactile acuity of healthy individuals
Authors: Coppola Gabriella , Michelotti Ambrosina , Simeon Vittorio , Koutris Michail , Lobbezoo Frank , Bucci Rosaria 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesTactile acuity is a somatosensory measure of the extent to which humans can discern tactile stimuli. It is influenced by how peripheral signals are processed centrally. In the oral cavity, Occlusal Tactile Acuity (OTA) is the ability to perceive minimal thicknesses between antagonist teeth. The aim of the current study was to assess the association between psychological traits and OTA of otherwise healthy individuals.MethodsSixty‐three volunteers (32 males; mean age ± SD: 24.6 ± 2.7 years) participated in this study. Somatosensory amplification, anxiety, depression, physical symptoms and pain catastrophizing were scored using questionnaires, and subgroups of severity were created per variable based on cut‐offs. OTA was measured using 9 aluminium foils with thickness (ranging from 8 to 72 μm) and one sham test (without foil). Each thickness was tested 10 times in random order, the participants were instructed to report whether they felt the foil between their molars and the mean percentage of correct answers was computed. A linear mixed model was used with OTA as a dependent variable and psychological domain as an independent variable.ResultsSignificantly different OTA was observed among the anxiety subgroups (p = .003), supporting a decreased perception of thicknesses 24 and 32 μm (p = .018 and p < .001, respectively) in participants with moderate/severe anxiety compared to those with no/mild anxiety. Significantly different OTA was also observed among the pain catastrophizing subgroups (p = .008), showing decreased perception of thicknesses 32 and 40 μm (p < .001 and p = .007, respectively) in severe catastrophizing levels, compared to no/mild catastrophizing levels. No significant differences were observed for the other variables.ConclusionsHealthy adults with increased anxiety or pain catastrophizing levels show decreased interdental acuity as compared to participants with minor or no psychological impairment.
Impact of Hospital Dentistry on Patients' Food Intake Status in Convalescent Rehabilitation Ward
Authors: Ohno Tomohisa , Terada Izumi , Nomoto Akiko , Fujishima Ichiro , Iwasa Yasuyuki , Umeda Yoshiko , Kanamori Daisuke , Kishima Masako , Sakaguchi Hideo , Matsuo Koichiro , Motohashi Yasutomo , Ozaki Kenichiro , Minakuchi Shunsuke 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTreating oral problems with dentist intervention during hospitalisation may improve patients' food intake status.ObjectivesThis study aimed to clarify whether convalescent rehabilitation ward inpatients in a hospital with hospital dentistry (HHD) had a better diet at discharge than those in a hospital without hospital dentistry (HNHD).MethodsRetrospective observational study including inpatients with dental involvement in a HHD with dentists and dental hygienists and HNHD with dental hygienist and visiting dental service between 1 March and 31 August 2022. Data included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), Functional Independent Measure (FIM) motor and cognitive, Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) score, Food Intake LEVEL Scale (FILS), whether the FILS ≥8 (indicating that patient eats also a non‐texture‐modified diet), remained and functional tooth numbers and speech language hearing therapist (SLHT) and dentist interventions. Comparisons between the two hospitals and factors that affected the FILS ≥8 were examined.ResultsA total of 333 and 89 inpatients were included in the HHD and HNHD groups, respectively. After propensity score matching, the HHD group had a significantly higher rate of FILS ≥8, functional tooth numbers at discharge, and SLHT and dentist intervention rates. The multivariable logistic regression analysis for propensity score matching participants showed that the significant independent variables for FILS ≥8 were age, BMI, FILS, FIM motor (all at admission) and SLHT and dentist interventions. Odds ratio for dentist intervention was 14.46 (95% CI: 4.36–48.01).ConclusionsDentists are necessary to improve patients' food intake status in convalescent rehabilitation wards.
From Arctic ponds to the “Northern Great Lakes”: Algae as first responders of climate‐driven regime shifts
Authors: Smol John P. , Rühland Kathleen M. , Michelutti Neal , Evans Marlene S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractArctic freshwater ecosystems are on the “frontline” of climate change, but due to a lack of direct long‐term monitoring data, indirect approaches, such as algal‐based paleolimnology, must be used to reconstruct past limnological conditions. Our understanding of the responses of small‐ to mid‐sized Arctic lakes to climate warming has increased over the last ~30 years. However, until recently, little was known about even the basic limnological conditions of Canada's “Northern Great Lakes,” such as Lake Hazen, Great Bear Lake, and Great Slave Lake. In this summary, we show that a continuum of algal changes, observable in the sedimentary archives of shallow ponds to very large Arctic lakes, signals the crossing of key aquatic thresholds linked to changing ice covers and thermal regimes, declining wind speeds, and other climate‐related variables. With recent accelerated warming, even the largest and most resilient Arctic waterbodies are now fundamentally different than they were just a few decades ago. These changes will undoubtedly cascade throughout the food web leading to important changes for local Indigenous populations as well as the global community.
Micro‐ and nanoscale studies of insoluble organic matter and C‐rich presolar grains in Murchison and Sutter's Mill in preparation for Bennu sample analysis
Authors: Nguyen A. N. , Clemett S. J. , Thomas‐Keprta K. , Alexander C. M. O'D. , Glavin D. P. , Dworkin J. P. , Connolly H. C. , Lauretta D. S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSamples of B‐type asteroid (101955) Bennu returned by the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS‐REx) spacecraft will provide unique insight into the nature of carbonaceous asteroidal matter without the atmospheric entry heating or terrestrial weathering effects associated with meteoritic samples. Some of the Bennu samples will undergo characterization by X‐ray computed tomography (XCT). To protect the pristine nature of the samples, it is important to understand any adverse effects that could result from irradiation during XCT analysis. We analyzed acid‐insoluble residues produced from two powdered samples of the Murchison carbonaceous chondrite, one control and one XCT‐scanned, to assess the impact on insoluble organic matter (IOM) and presolar grains. Using a suite of in situ analytical techniques (field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, optical and ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy, microprobe two‐step laser mass spectrometry, and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry), we found that the two residues had indistinguishable chemical, molecular, and isotopic signatures on the micron to submicron scale, indicating that an X‐ray dosage of 180 Gy (the maximum dose to be used during preliminary examination of Bennu materials) did not damage the IOM and presolar grains. To explore the use of acid‐insoluble residues to infer parent body processes in preparation for Bennu sample analysis, we also analyzed a residue produced from the Sutter's Mill carbonaceous chondrite. Multiple lines of evidence, including severely degraded UV fluorescence signatures and D‐rich hotspots, indicate that the parent body of Sutter's Mill was heated to >400°C. This heating event was likely short lived because the abundance of presolar SiC grains, which are destroyed by thermal metamorphism and prolonged oxidation, was consistent with those in Murchison and other unheated chondrites. The results of these in situ analyses of acid‐insoluble residues from Murchison and Sutter's Mill provide complementary detail to bulk analyses.