bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Rate of Bacteremia with a Subcutaneously Implanted Central Venous access Device
Authors: Nurse Brenda A. , Bonczek Rita , Barton Randall W. , LaRose Daniel T. 
Published: March 2014

Purpose Patients at long-term acute care hospitals (LTACs) are medically complex with multiple comorbidities and high rates of antibiotic and device use. The objective of the study was to analyze the incidence and rate of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) and the critical factors for patient care, management, placement and maintenance of the implanted central venous access device at this LTAC. Methods A 13-year retrospective chart review was performed comprising 191 medically complex patients with multiple comorbidities who had an implanted central line port. Information analyzed included ( 1 ) number of catheters; ( 2 ) number of patients; ( 3 ) number of catheter line days; ( 4 ) patient demographics; ( 5 ) port location; ( 6 ) admission diagnoses; ( 7 ) type, incidence and rate of catheter-related complications. Results The total number of catheter days was over 183,183 with a mean of 959 catheter days per patient. The mean rate of CLABSI was 0.087 per 1,000 days; incidence was less than 8% of patients with catheters. Conclusions The study found a markedly lower rate of CLABSI than reported for other LTACs as well as intensive care units, over 14- to 100-fold lower than other LTACs. The authors propose that standardized catheter placement with implementation of rigorous, prospective catheter care plans and a team approach to management were responsible for extremely low complication rates. These results can be extrapolated to different settings across the healthcare continuum.
The Role of Ultrasound as an Adjunct to Arterial Catheterization in Critically Ill Surgical and Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Zochios Vasileios A. , Wilkinson Jonathan , Dasgupta Kausik 
Published: March 2014

Objective To review the evidence behind Ultrasound (US) guided placement of arterial cannulae and its use in the critically ill population. Data sources We performed a computer-aided literature search using set search terms and electronic data bases of PubMed and EMBASE from their commencement date through the end of July 2013. Summary of review Insertion of intra-arterial catheters is a commonly performed invasive procedure in the peri-operative and intensive care setting that facilitates invasive blood pressure and cardiac output monitoring as well as frequent blood sampling. Arterial catheterization can be particularly challenging in critically ill and high-risk surgical patients with circulatory collapse, low cardiac output state and peripheral edema, all of which can limit the ability to successfully palpate and cannulate the artery. There is a convincing body of evidence suggesting a decrease in complication rate and first-pass success rate in US guided central venous catheter (CVC) insertion compared with the landmark technique. While most intensivists and peri-operative physicians are familiar with US guided CVC placement, fewer use US to guide arterial access. Conclusions Most studies have demonstrated a higher success rate when using US guidance for arterial cannulation. Moreover, the technique permits more rapid access and establishment compared with the conventional palpation technique. However, there is evidence opposing the routine use of US to guide arterial cannula insertion. Further studies are required to ascertain the benefits and cost effectiveness of US guided arterial catheterization in peri-operative and critical care.
Les compétences informationnelles des étudiants à l’heure du Web 2.0 : proposition d’un modèle pour baliser les formations
Authors: Karsenti Thierry , Dumouchel Gabriel , Komis Vassilis 
Published: March 2014

Dans notre société dite du savoir, il est plus important que jamais de former les étudiants aux compétences informationnelles. Par contre, plusieurs universités se limitent trop souvent aux modèles plus classiques de ces compétences, comme celui de l’Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL 2000), qui ne prennent que trop peu en compte les outils et les possibilités du Web 2.0, avec lesquels sont pourtant si familiers les étudiants. Ce texte présente puis critique les modèles plus traditionnels afin de proposer par la suite un nouveau modèle des compétences informationnelles bonifié et à jour. Nous nous efforcerons de montrer en quoi notre modèle allie à la fois les forces des modèles plus classiques issus de la bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l’information, mais également les avantages et les défis du Web 2.0.
Kinetic Model of LiFePO4 Formation Using Non-Isothermal Thermogravimetric Analysis
Authors: Abdul Halim Abdul Halim , Widiyastuti Widiyastuti , Setyawan Heru , Winardi Sugeng 
Published: March 2014

The formation reaction of LiFePO4 from decomposition of precursors LiOH, FeSO4.7H2O and (NH4)2HPO4 with mol ratio of Li:Fe:P=1:1:1 was investigated. The experiment was carried out by thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) method using nitrogen as atmosfer at a constant heating rate to obtain kinetic constant parameters. Several heating rates were selected, there are 5, 7, 10, 15, 17.5, 22.5 and 25 °C/min. Activation energy, pre-exponential factor and reaction order were taken using Kissinger method and obtained respectively 56.086 kJ/mol, 6.95×108 min-1, and 1.058. Based on fitting result between reaction model and experiment were obtained that reaction obeyed the three dimension diffusion model. © 2014 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
High‐resolution spectral data predict taxonomic diversity in low diversity grasslands
Authors: Hayden Meghan T. , Van Cleemput Elisa , Suding Katharine N. , Lezberg Ann , Anacker Brian , Dee Laura E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Mitigating impacts of global change on biodiversity is a pressing goal for land managers, but understanding impacts is often limited by the spatial and temporal constraints of traditional in situ data. Advances in remote sensing address this challenge, in part, by enabling standardized mapping of biodiversity at large spatial scales and through time. In particular, hyperspectral imagery can detect functional and compositional characteristics of vegetation by measuring subtle differences in reflected light.

The spectral variance hypothesis (SVH) expects spectral diversity, or variability in reflectance across pixels, to predict vegetation diversity. However, the majority of research testing the SVH to date has been conducted in systems with controlled conditions or spatially homogenous assemblages, with little generalizability to heterogeneous real‐world systems.

Here, we move the field forward by testing the SVH in a species‐rich system with high heterogeneity resulting from variable species composition and a recent fire. We use very high spatial resolution (~1 mm) hyperspectral imagery to compare spectrally derived estimates of vegetation diversity with in situ measures collected in Boulder, CO, USA.

We find that spectral diversity and taxonomic diversity are positively correlated only for low to moderate diversity transects, or in transects that were recently burned where vegetation diversity is low and composed primarily of C3 grasses. Additionally, we find that the relationship between spectral and taxonomic diversity depends on spatial resolution, indicating that pixel size should remain a priority for biodiversity monitoring.

Practical implication: The context dependency of this relationship, even with high spatial resolution data, confirms previous work that the SVH does not hold across landscapes and demonstrates the necessity for repeated, high‐resolution data in order to tease apart the biological conditions underpinning the SVH. With refinement, however, the remote sensing techniques described here will offer land managers a cost‐effective approach to monitor biodiversity across space and time.
Conjugated Enhanced Polyimide Enables High‐Capacity Ammonium Ion Storage
Authors: Huang Fuyao , Zhao Wenkai , Guo Yujia , Mi Yongqi , Gull Sehrish , Long Guankui , Du Pengcheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAqueous ammonium ion batteries (AIBs) have emerged as a promising next‐generation rechargeable battery due to their safety, sustainability, abundant resources, and superior electrochemical performance. However, organic anode materials, particularly polyimide anode materials, suffer from low specific capacity caused by limited active sites. Herein, the study has developed a micro‐granular‐structured π‐conjugated enhanced polyimide (PTPD) as the anode material for AIBs. The large π‐conjugated enhanced structure enables long‐range electron delocalization, decreased bandgap, and reduced spatial steric hindrance, resulting in increased active sites capable of storing NH4+ ions. PTPD exhibits reversible oxidation and reduction reaction in (NH4)2SO4 solution, delivering a high specific capacity of 206.67 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, exceptional rate capability, and excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 74.28% after 2500 cycles at a current density of 10 A g−1. Furthermore, theoretical simulations and materials analysis demonstrate that PTPD undergoes enol‐keto transformation of carbonyl groups, effectively capturing NH4+ to store charges. This study provides an effective strategy for designing polymer‐based AIBs anodes with high specific capacity and cycling stability.
Metal–Organic Frameworks Photocatalyst Through Plasmon‐Induced Hot‐Electrons
Authors: Zorlu Tolga , Becerril‐Castro I. Brian , Sousa‐Castillo Ana , Puértolas Begoña , Besteiro Lucas V. , Wang Zhiming , Govorov Alexander , Correa‐Duarte Miguel A. , Alvarez‐Puebla Ramon A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlasmonic metal–organic frameworks (plasmonic‐MOFs) ingeniously meld the homogeneous and vast porosity of MOFs with the distinctive plasmonic characteristics of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), creating a powerful synergy. This innovative combination is leveraged for enhanced plasmon‐induced hot‐electron photocatalysis, particularly within polystyrene beads adorned with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and encapsulated by zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8). The strategic incorporation of AgNPs into this composite material generates hot carriers, significantly enhancing the catalytic performance of ZIF‐8. This approach not only exemplifies the potential for advanced photocatalytic processes of MOFs, but also paves the way for groundbreaking applications in environmental remediation and sustainable chemistry.
Hierarchical Hydrogen Bonds Endow Supramolecular Polymers with High Strength, Toughness, and Self‐Healing Properties
Authors: Wu Jiang , Zeng Fanxuan , Fan Ziyang , Xuan Shouhu , Hua Zan , Liu Guangming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe directional and dynamic hydrogen bonds are of vital importance for both nucleic acids and proteins, but they naturally apply strong multiple hydrogen bonds in pendant groups and weak single hydrogen bond in the backbone. The hierarchy and orthogonality of multiple and single hydrogen bonds in biological systems inspire to elegantly tailor the supramolecular polymeric materials for robust mechanical properties. Herein, this work has fabricated dynamic ultrastrong and tough supramolecular materials through bioinspired rational design of strong multiple hydrogen bonds in pendant groups and weak single hydrogen bond in the backbone. Based on quadruple hydrogen bonds of ureidopyrimidinone and single hydrogen bond of amide, the supramolecular polymer with optimized hierarchical hydrogen bonds possesses high tensile strength and strong toughness of 30.6 MPa and 74.0 MJ m−3, respectively. Meanwhile, the dynamic dissociation and reformation of the hierarchical hydrogen bonds endow the supramolecular polymer with efficient crack resistance, self‐healing, recyclability, and high energy dissipation. Flexible and self‐healing conductors can be prepared by blending the supramolecular polymer with liquid metal in a simple manner. Therefore, this work expects that the plenty of hydrogen bonding pairs in the supramolecular toolkit provide many opportunities to produce robust and tough supramolecular polymeric materials without covalent crosslinking.
Extracellular Vesicle‐Inspired Minimalist Flexible Nanocapsules Assembled with Whole Active Ingredients for Highly Efficient Enhancement of DC‐Mediated Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: He Ao , Li Qiang , Dang Meng , Lu Wei , Li Xiaoye , Dai Zhuo , Ding Meng , Zhang Yu , Dong Heng , Teng Zhaogang , Mou Yongbin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of nanovaccines capable of eliciting tumor‐specific immune responses holds significant promise for tumor immunotherapy. However, many nanovaccine designs rely heavily on incorporating multiple adjuvants and carriers, increasing the biological hazards associated with these additional components. Here, this work introduces novel flexible nanocapsules (OVAnano) designed to mimic extracellular vesicles, primarily using the ovalbumin antigen and minimal polyethylenimine adjuvant components. These results show that the biomimetic flexible structure of OVAnano facilitates enhanced antigen uptake by dendritic cells (DCs), leading to efficient antigen and adjuvant release into the cytosol via endosomal escape, and ultimately, successful antigen cross‐presentation by DCs. Furthermore, OVAnano modulates the intracellular nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway, promoting DC maturation. The highly purified antigens in OVAnano demonstrate remarkable antigen‐specific immunogenicity, triggering strong antitumor immune responses mediated by DCs. Therapeutic tumor vaccination studies have also shown that OVAnano administration effectively suppresses tumor growth in mice by inducing immune responses from CD8+ and CD4+ T cells targeting specific antigens, reducing immunosuppression by regulatory T cells, and boosting the populations of effector memory T cells. These findings underscore that the simple yet potent strategy of employing minimal flexible nanocapsules markedly enhances DC‐mediated antitumor immunotherapy, offering promising avenues for future clinical applications.
A Photoelectrochemical Retinomorphic Synapse
Authors: Hu Jin , Jing Ming‐Jian , Huang Yu‐Ting , Kou Bo‐Han , Li Zheng , Xu Yi‐Tong , Yu Si‐Yuan , Zeng Xierong , Jiang Jie , Lin Peng , Zhao Wei‐Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReproducing human visual functions with artificial devices is a long‐standing goal of the neuromorphic domain. However, emulating the chemical language communication of the visual system in fluids remains a grand challenge. Here, a “multi‐color” hydrogel‐based photoelectrochemical retinomorphic synapse is reported with unique chemical‐ionic‐electrical signaling in an aqueous electrolyte that enables, e.g., color perception and biomolecule‐mediated synaptic plasticity. Based on the specific enzyme‐catalyzed chromogenic reactions, three multifunctional colored hydrogels are developed, which can not only synergize with the Bi2S3 photogate to recognize the primary colors but also synergize with a given polymeric channel to promote the long‐term memory of the system. A synaptic array is further constructed for sensing color images and biomolecule‐coded information communication. Taking advantage of the versatile biochemistry, the biochemical‐driven reversible photoelectric response of the cone cell is further mimicked. This work introduces rich chemical designs into retinomorphic devices, providing a perspective for replicating the human visual system in fluids.
A Dual Salt/Dual Solvent Electrolyte Enables Ultrahigh Utilization of Zinc Metal Anode for Aqueous Batteries
Authors: Guan Kailin , Chen Wenshu , Yang Yunting , Ye Fei , Hong Ye , Zhang Jian , Gu Qinfen , Wu Yuping , Hu Linfeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc batteries are promising in next‐generation sustainable energy storage. However, the low zinc (Zn) metal anode reversibility and utilization in aqueous electrolytes due to Zn corrosion and poor Zn2+ deposition kinetics significantly hinder the development of Zn‐ion batteries. Here, a dual salt/dual solvent electrolyte composed of Zn(BF4)2/Zn(Ac)2 in water/TEGDME (tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether) solvents to achieve reversible Zn anode at an ultrahigh depth of discharge (DOD) is developed. An “inner co‐salt and outer co‐solvent” synergistic effect in this unique dual salt/dual solvent system is revealed. Experimental results and theoretical calculations provide evidence that the ether co‐solvent inhibits water activity by forming hydrogen bonding with the water and coordination effects with the proton in the outer Zn2+ solvation structure. Meanwhile, the anion of zinc acetate co‐salt enters the inner Zn2+ solvation structure, thereby accelerating the desolvation kinetics. Strikingly, based on the electrolyte design, the zinc anode shows high reversibility at an ultrahigh utilization of 60% DOD with 99.80% Coulombic efficiency and 9.39 mAh cm−2 high capacity. The results far exceed the performance reported in electrolyte design work recently. The work provides fundamental insights into inner co‐salt and outer co‐solvent synergistic regulation in multifunctional electrolytes for reversible aqueous metal‐ion batteries.
Interstitial Optical Fiber‐Mediated Multimodal Phototheranostics Based on an Aggregation‐Induced NIR‐II Emission Luminogen for Orthotopic Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Zhang Wenguang , Kang Miaomiao , Li Xue , Yang Hao , Zhang Zhijun , Li Zhuorong , Zhang Yibin , Fan Miaozhuang , Liao Changrui , Liu Chengbo , Xu Gaixia , Wang Dong , Xu Zhourui , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOne‐for‐all phototheranostics based on a single molecule is recognized as a convenient approach for cancer treatment, whose efficacy relies on precise lesion localization through multimodal imaging, coupled with the efficient exertion of phototherapy. To unleash the full potential of phototheranostics, advancement in both phototheranostic agents and light delivery methods is essential. Herein, an integrated strategy combining a versatile molecule featuring aggregation‐induced emission, namely tBuTTBD, with a modified optical fiber to realize comprehensive tumor diagnosis and “inside‐out” irradiation in the orthotopic breast tumor, is proposed for the first time. Attributed to the intense donor‐acceptor interaction, highly distorted conformation, abundant molecular rotors, and loose intermolecular packing upon aggregation, tBuTTBD can synchronously undergo second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescence emission, photothermal and photodynamic generation under laser irradiation, contributing to a trimodal NIR‐II fluorescence‐photoacoustic (PA)‐photothermal imaging‐guided phototherapy. The tumor treatment is further carried out following the insertion of a modified optical fiber, which is fabricated by splicing a flat‐end fiber with an air‐core fiber. This configuration aims to enable effective in situ phototherapy by maximizing energy utilization for therapeutic benefits. This work not only enriches the palette of NIR‐II phototheranostic agents but also provides valuable insight for exploring an integrated phototheranostic protocol for practical cancer treatment.
High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Interfacial Charge Extraction by Bridging Molecules
Authors: Li Minghao , Jiao Boxin , Peng Yingchen , Zhou Junjie , Tan Liguo , Ren Ningyu , Ye Yiran , Liu Yue , Yang Ye , Chen Yu , Ding Liming , Yi Chenyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe interface between the perovskite layer and electron transporting layer is a critical determinate for the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The heterogeneity of the interface critically affects the carrier dynamics at the buried interface. To address this, a bridging molecule, (2‐aminoethyl)phosphonic acid (AEP), is introduced for the modification of SnO2/perovskite buried interface in n–i–p structure PSCs. The phosphonic acid group strongly bonds to the SnO2 surface, effectively suppressing the surface carrier traps and leakage current, and uniforming the surface potential. Meanwhile, the amino group influences the growth of perovskite film, resulting in higher crystallinity, phase purity, and fewer defects. Furthermore, the bridging molecules facilitate the charge extraction at the interface, as indicated by the femtosecond transient reflection (fs‐TR) spectroscopy, leading to champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.40% (certified 25.98%) for PSCs. Additionally, the strengthened interface enables improved operational durability of ≈1400 h for the unencapsulated PSCs under ISOS‐L‐1I protocol.
In Situ Multi‐Directional Liquid Manipulation Enabled by 3D Asymmetric Fang‐Structured Surface
Authors: Sun Siqi , Zhang Yiyuan , Wu Shuangmei , Wang Liqiu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDecorating surfaces with wetting gradients or topological structures is a prevailing strategy to control uni‐directional spreading without energy input. However, current methods, limited by fixed design, cannot achieve multi‐directional control of liquids, posing challenges to practical applications. Here, a structured surface composed of arrayed three‐dimensional asymmetric fang‐structured units is reported that enable in situ control of customized multi‐directional spreading for different surface tension liquids, exhibiting five novel modes. This is attributed to bottom‐up distributed multi‐curvature features of surface units, which create varied Laplace pressure gradients to guide the spreading of different‐wettability liquids along specific directions. The surface's capability to respond to liquid properties for multimodal control leads to innovative functions that are absent in conventional structured surfaces. Selective multi‐path circuits can be constructed by taking advantage of rich liquid behaviors with the surface; surface tensions of wetting liquids can be portably indicated with a resolution scope of 0.3–3.4 mN m−1 using the surface; temperature‐mediated change of liquid properties is utilized to smartly manipulate liquid behavior and achieve the spatiotemporal‐controllable targeted cooling of the surface at its heated state. These novel applications open new avenues for developing advanced surfaces for liquid manipulation.
Origin of the Surface Magnetic Dead Layer in Rare‐Earth Titanates
Authors: Aeschlimann Raphaël , Bibes Manuel , Gloter Alexandre 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPerovskite rare‐earth titanates RTiO3 display a rich array of magnetic and electronic properties, with a Mott‐insulating ground state and ferro‐ or antiferromagnetic spin orders depending on the rare‐earth R. The nominal Ti valence is 3+ with a corresponding 3d1 configuration. Yet, at the surface of both bulk and thin films of RTiO3, the Ti valence has been found to strongly deviate towards the more stable 4+ state, adversely affecting magnetic properties. While this finding is rather ubiquitous, its exact origin is still poorly understood, which hampers the integration of RTiO3 into complex heterostructures harnessing their rich physics. Here, scanning transmission electron microscope and electron energy loss spectroscopy experiments are used to analyze the top part of an epitaxial DyTiO3 thin film displaying a well‐developed Ti4+‐rich layer over several nanometres. It shows that this valence evolution is related to a combination of short‐range ordered interstitial oxygen planes and Ti‐Dy cationic imbalance. Both defects synergistically contribute to enough hole doping for a complete transition toward Ti4+ over a few unit‐cells from the surface while a structure primarily of the perovskite‐type is maintained.