bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Death by suicide and other externally caused injuries following a cancer diagnosis: the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study
Authors: Yamauchi Takashi , Inagaki Masatoshi , Yonemoto Naohiro , Iwasaki Motoki , Inoue Manami , Akechi Tatsuo , Iso Hiroyasu , Tsugane Shoichiro ,   on behalf of the JPHC Study Group
Published: April 2014

AbstractObjectiveThere have been very few population‐based prospective studies that have investigated the risks of deaths by suicide and other externally caused injuries (ECIs) among cancer patients in an Asian population. This study investigated whether the risk of death by both suicide and ECIs increases during the first year following the initial diagnosis of cancer.MethodsData were analyzed from a population‐based cohort of Japanese residents between 1990 and 2010, collected during the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study. Poisson regression models were used to calculate adjusted risk ratios (RRs) for both suicide and ECI deaths. To adjust for unmeasured confounding factors, case‐crossover analyses were conducted for all patients with cancer who died by suicide and ECIs.ResultsA population‐based cohort of 102,843 Japanese residents was established. During the follow‐up period, there were 34 suicides and 48 ECI deaths among patients with cancer, as compared with 527 suicides and 707 ECI deaths among those who did not have cancer. Analyses revealed that those who were newly diagnosed with cancer were at a greatly increased risk of death by suicide and ECIs within the first year after their diagnosis (suicide RR = 23.9, 95% CI: 13.8–41.6; ECI RR = 18.8, 95% CI: 11.4–31.0). Furthermore, the case‐crossover analyses generally confirmed the results of the Poisson regressions.ConclusionsThe risks of suicide and ECI deaths within the first year after a cancer diagnosis were higher than those among cancer‐free populations. A diagnosis of cancer is a critical experience that may increase the risk of fatal outcomes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Torc1/Torc2 inhibitor, Palomid 529, enhances radiation response modulating CRM1‐mediated survivin function and delaying DNA repair in prostate cancer models
Authors: Gravina Giovanni Luca , Marampon Francesco , Sherris David , Vittorini Francesca , Cesare Ernesto Di , Tombolini Vincenzo , Lenzi Andrea , Jannini Emmanuele A. , Festuccia Claudio 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUNDP529, a Torc1/Torc2 inhibitor, has demonstrated its potential as a radiosensitizer. However the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon still need to be elucidated. Aim of this study is to dissect molecular mechanisms regulating the radiosensitizing properties of P529 in a wide panel of prostate cancer models.METHODSSix tumor cell lines and xenograft models were used for in vitro and in vivo studies. Clonogenic survival, apoptotic, autophagic, and senescence assays were used to examine the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) alone and in combination with P529. CRM1, survivin, GSK‐3β, and DNA‐DSBs expression and modulation, upon P529 and RT, were monitored by western blot. In vivo treatment response upon P529, irradiation or combination of P529 with IR was monitored by tumor volume, time to progression (TTP), and immunohistochemical analysis.RESULTSP529 treatment induced significantly more apoptosis and DNA double‐strand break (DSB) when combined with radiotherapy resulting in cellular radiosensitization and growth delay of irradiated tumor xenografts. Upon P529 treatment Rad51, DNA‐PKcs, and Ku70 protein expression was downregulated, indicating delayed DNA double‐strand damage repair. The radiosensitizing properties of P529 were partially linked to GSK‐3β, cyclin‐D1, and c‐myc modulation with associated inhibition of CRM1‐mediated nuclear export of survivin. Importantly, autophagy and tumor senescence were involved in the enhanced P529 radioresponse.CONCLUSIONSImpaired DNA double‐strand damage repair, inhibition of CRM1‐mediated nuclear export of survivin, modulation of cyclin‐D1 and c‐myc with associated pro‐apoptotic and autophagic and senescent events explain the radiosensitizing properties of P529 in preclinical models of prostate cancer. Prostate 74:852–868, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anthropometric Geography Applied to the Analysis of Socio‐economic Disparities: Cohort Trends and Spatial Patterns of Height and Robustness in 20th‐Century Spain
Authors: Camara Antonio D. , Garcia‐Roman Joan 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAnthropometrics have been widely used to study the influence of environmental factors on health and nutritional status. In contrast, anthropometric geography has not often been employed to approximate the dynamics of spatial disparities associated with socio‐economic and demographic changes. Spain exhibited intense disparity and change during the middle decades of the 20th century, with the result that the life courses of the corresponding cohorts were associated with diverse environmental conditions. This was also true of the Spanish territories.This paper presents insights concerning the relationship between socio‐economic changes and living conditions by combining the analysis of cohort trends and the anthropometric cartography of height and physical build. This analysis is conducted for Spanish male cohorts born in 1934–1973 who were recorded in the Spanish military statistics. This information is interpreted in light of region‐level data on gross domestic product and infant mortality.Our results show an anthropometric convergence across regions that, nevertheless, did not substantially modify the spatial patterns of robustness, featuring primarily robust north‐eastern regions and weak central‐southern regions. These patterns persisted until the 1990s (cohorts born during the 1970s). For the most part, anthropometric disparities were associated with socio‐economic disparities, although the former lessened over time to a greater extent than the latter. Interestingly, the various anthropometric indicators utilised here do not point to the same conclusions. There have been some discrepancies found between height and robustness patterns that moderate the statements from the analysis of cohort height alone regarding the level and evolution of living conditions across Spanish regions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical prediction of the spin glass behavior in the low‐temperature phase of Ni2Mn1.36In0.64 Heusler alloy
Authors: Sokolovskiy Vladimir , Buchelnikov Vasiliy , Entel Peter 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe magnetization behavior in the Ni2Mn1.36In0.64 Heusler compound has been investigated using the 3‐6 states Potts Hamiltonian with real unit cell and magnetic exchange couplings calculated from first principles. The random quenched exchange couplings between magnetic atoms located at different coordination shells have been considered. It is found that the spin‐glass behavior is occurred in low‐temperature range when the long‐range magnetic interactions have been account in the third and more coordination shells. The critical temperature of first magnetic transition from a frustrated spin‐glass‐like phase to ordered ferromagnetic one at heating can be predicted by the Monte Carlo simulations using derived exchange constants. This transition has accompanied with a drop of magnetization. The second magnetic transition from ferromagnetic phase to paramagnetic one has appeared with further increasing of temperature. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
New magnetocaloric material based on GdNiH3.2 hydride for application in cryogenic devices
Authors: Smarzhevskaya Alexandra I. , Iwasieczko Waclaw , Verbetsky Viktor N. , Nikitin Sergey A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe paper presents the investigation of GdNiH3.2 hydride magnetocaloric properties. The isothermal magnetization in the fields up to 5 T and heat capacity data are obtained for GdNiH3.2 and GdNi compounds. The maximum value of magnetic entropy change ΔSM in GdNiH3.2 is extremely large and obtained in much lower temperature range compared to GdNi.It is shown that the hydrogenation does not noticeably affect the value of ΔSM but shifts ΔSM(T) maximum to lower temperatures (∼ 11K). The possibility of GdNiH3.2 application in cryogenic devices is discussed.(© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Objective Bayesian meta‐analysis for sparse discrete data
Authors: Moreno E. , Vázquez‐Polo F.J. , Negrín M.A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a Bayesian model for meta‐analysis of sparse discrete binomial data, which are out of the scope of the usual hierarchical normal random‐effect models. Treatment effectiveness data are often of this type.The crucial linking distribution between the effectiveness conditional on the healthcare center and the unconditional effectiveness is constructed from specific bivariate classes of distributions with given marginals. This assures coherency between the marginal and conditional prior distributions utilized in the analysis. Further, we impose a bivariate class of priors that is able to accommodate a wide range of heterogeneity degrees between the multicenter clinical trials involved. Applications to real multicenter data are given and compared with previous meta‐analysis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Defining the Localization and Molecular Characteristic of Minor Salivary Gland Label-Retaining Cells
Authors: Zhang Hongjun , Boddupally Keerthi , Kandyba Eve , Kobielak Krzysztof , Chen Yibu , Zu Sutao , Krishnan Rashi , Sinha Uttam , Kobielak Agnieszka 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Adult stem cells (SCs) are important to maintain homeostasis of tissues including several mini-organs like hair follicles and sweat glands. However, the existence of stem cells in minor salivary glands (SGs) is largely unexplored. In vivo histone2B green fluorescent protein pulse chase strategy has allowed us to identify slow-cycling, label-retaining cells (LRCs) of minor SGs that preferentially localize in the basal layer of the lower excretory duct with a few in the acini. Engraftment of isolated SG LRC in vivo demonstrated their potential to differentiate into keratin 5 (basal layer marker) and keratin 8 (luminal layer marker)-positive structures. Transcriptional analysis revealed activation of TGFβ1 target genes in SG LRC and BMP signaling in SG progenitors. We also provide evidence that minor SGSCs are sensitive to tobacco-derived tumor-inducing agent and give rise to tumors resembling low grade adenoma. Our data highlight for the first time the existence of minor SG LRCs with stem cells characteristic and emphasize the role of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway in their maintenance. Stem Cells 2014;32:2267–2277
Cell Isolation Induces Fate Changes of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Cells Leading to Loss or Alternatively to Acquisition of New Differentiation Potentials
Authors: Shoshani Ofer , Ravid Orly , Massalha Hassan , Aharonov Alla , Ovadya Yossi , Pevsner-Fischer Meirav , Leshkowitz Dena , Zipori Dov 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell populations include a fraction, termed mesenchymal stem cells, exhibiting multipotency. Other cells within this population possess a lesser differentiation range. This was assumed to be due to a mesenchymal cellular cascade topped by a multipotent cell, which gives rise to progeny with diminishing differentiation potentials. Here, we show that mesenchymal cells, a priori exhibiting a limited differentiation potential, may gain new capacities and become multipotent following single-cell isolation. These fate changes were accompanied by upregulation of differentiation promoting genes, many of which also became H4K20me1 methylated. Early events in the process included TGFβ and Wnt modulation, and downregulation of hypoxia signaling. Indeed, hypoxic conditions inhibited the observed cell changes. Overall, cell isolation from neighboring partners caused major molecular changes and particularly, a newly established epigenetic state, ultimately leading to the acquisition of new differentiation potentials and an altered cell fate. Stem Cells 2014;32:2008–2020
Application of an advanced pinch methodology for the food and drink production
Authors: Muster‐Slawitsch Bettina , Brunner Christoph , Fluch Jürgen 
Published: April 2014

Two key steps in reducing the energy demand of a production site are (1) technological optimization via efficient technologies increasing process efficiency and (2) system optimization via heat integration of the total production site. Heat integration solutions will be influenced by the implemented process technologies, so the evaluation of the existing technologies and analysis of potential changes is a vital basis in energy demand reduction. This article presents the new pinch analysis tool ‘SOCO’ for systematic heat integration with intelligent storage systems which can reduce thermal energy consumption and improve the design of solar process heat integration in the food industry, specifically in breweries. The application to two brewery case studies reveals the usability of the new approach for designing new heat recovery concepts and the implications of technology changes in the energy demand profile. The simulation module of SOCO identifies that the use of modern state‐of‐the‐art technologies in brewing can enhance heat integration potential by 10–35% for different processes and allows the evaluation of storage design. WIREs Energy Environ 2014, 3:561–574. doi: 10.1002/wene.117This article is categorized under:

Energy Efficiency > Science and Materials
Energy Systems Economics > Science and Materials
Energy Systems Economics > Systems and Infrastructure
Integrated biomass hydropyrolysis and hydrotreating: a brief review
Authors: Linck Martin , Felix Larry , Marker Terry , Roberts Michael 
Published: April 2014

This article provides a brief overview of recent work connected with integrated hydropyrolysis and hydrotreating of biomass. It covers relevant aspects of biomass pyrolysis, and describes a process wherein oxygen is eliminated from pyrolysis vapors in the presence of hydrogen and appropriate catalysts. An integrated version of a process is discussed, wherein the reforming of noncondensable hydrocarbon vapors is used to generate all the hydrogen required to sustain hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion, and produce a deoxygenated liquid hydrocarbon fuel. WIREs Energy Environ 2014, 3:575–581. doi: 10.1002/wene.119This article is categorized under:

Bioenergy > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Policy and Planning > Climate and Environment
Energy and Development > Science and Materials
Temporal interval pattern languages to characterize time flow
Authors: Höppner Frank , Peter Sebastian 
Published: April 2014

Knowledge discovery from temporal data (e.g., time series) is among the most challenging problems in data mining. Compared to static representations like rules or decision trees, the temporal component greatly increases the pattern diversity. It is important to keep the human perception of time flow in mind when representing temporal patterns, otherwise we open the floodgates to misinterpretation and misconception. This article gives an overview of temporal interval patterns, which are considered as being a well‐suited mechanism of knowledge representation, and focusses on the various pattern representation languages. Four typical phenomena in temporal data, and how the pattern languages can cope with them, are discussed. Given the domain knowledge, this provides the reader some guidance on which pattern language may be best‐suited for a given application. WIREs Data Mining Knowl Discov 2014, 4:196–212. doi: 10.1002/widm.1122This article is categorized under:

Algorithmic Development > Spatial and Temporal Data Mining
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Knowledge Representation
Smart dual‐mode fluorescent gold nanoparticle agents
Authors: Kang Kyung A. , Wang Jianting 
Published: April 2014

Fluorophore‐mediated, molecular sensing is one of the most popular and important technique in biomedical studies. As in any sensing technique, the two most important factors in this sensing are the sensitivity and specificity. Since the fluorescence of a fluorophore is emitted in the process of fluorophore electrons returning from their excited to ground state, a tool that can locally manipulate the electron state can be useful to maximize the sensitivity and specificity. A good tool candidate for this purpose is nanosized metal particles that can form an electromagnetic (EM) field at a sufficiently strong level, upon receiving a particular wavelength that fits the excitation wavelength of the fluorophore to be used. There are several metal nanoparticle types that can generate a sufficiently strong EM field for this purpose. Nevertheless, for the biomedical studies, which require minimal toxicity, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are known to be the most suitable. In this article, various methods for fluorescence alteration using GNPs, which can be beneficially utilized for biomarker‐specific, highly sensitive molecular sensing and imaging, are discussed.This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing
Study of metabolic network of Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 growing on glycerol by applying elementary flux modes and yield space analysis
Authors: Lopar Markan , Špoljarić Ivna Vrana , Cepanec Nikolina , Koller Martin , Braunegg Gerhart , Horvat Predrag 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A metabolic network consisting of 48 reactions was established to describe intracellular processes during growth and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) production for Cupriavidus necator DSM 545. Glycerol acted as the sole carbon source during exponential, steady-state cultivation conditions. Elementary flux modes were obtained by the program Metatool and analyzed by using yield space analysis. Four sets of elementary modes were obtained, depending on whether the pair NAD/NADH or FAD/FADH2 contributes to the reaction of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GLY-3-P DH), and whether 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PG DH) is present or not. Established metabolic network and the related system of equations provide multiple solutions for the simultaneous synthesis of PHB and biomass; this number of solutions can be further increased if NAD/NADH or FAD/FADH2 were assumed to contribute in the reaction of GLY-3-P DH. As a major outcome, it was demonstrated that experimentally determined yields for biomass and PHB with respect to glycerol fit well to the values obtained in silico when the Entner–Doudoroff pathway (ED) dominates over the glycolytic pathway; this is also the case if the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway dominates over the ED.
Decreased processing speed might account for working memory span deficit in schizophrenia, and might mediate the associations between working memory span and clinical symptoms
Authors: Brébion G. , Stephan-Otto C. , Huerta-Ramos E. , Usall J. , Perez del Olmo M. , Contel M. , Haro J.M. , Ochoa S. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractObjectiveVerbal working memory span is decreased in patients with schizophrenia, and this might contribute to impairment in higher cognitive functions as well as to the formation of certain clinical symptoms. Processing speed has been identified as a crucial factor in cognitive efficiency in this population. We tested the hypothesis that decreased processing speed underlies the verbal working memory deficit in patients and mediates the associations between working memory span and clinical symptoms.MethodForty-nine schizophrenia inpatients recruited from units for chronic and acute patients, and forty-five healthy participants, were involved in the study. Verbal working memory span was assessed by means of the letter-number span. The Digit Copy test was used to assess motor speed, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test to assess cognitive speed.ResultsThe working memory span was significantly impaired in patients (F(1,90) = 4.6,P< 0.05). However, the group difference was eliminated when either the motor or the cognitive speed measure was controlled (F(1,89) = 0.03,P= 0.86, and F(1,89) = 0.03,P= 0.88). In the patient group, working memory span was significantly correlated with negative symptoms (r= –0.52,P< 0.0001) and thought disorganisation (r= –0.34,P< 0.025) scores. Regression analyses showed that the association with negative symptoms was no longer significant when the motor speed measure was controlled (β = –0.12,P= 0.20), while the association with thought disorganisation was no longer significant when the cognitive speed measure was controlled (β = –0.10,P= 0.26).ConclusionsDecrement in motor and cognitive speed plays a significant role in both the verbal working memory impairment observed in patients and the associations between verbal working memory impairment and clinical symptoms.
Prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids affects body weight, serum leptin levels, and hypothalamic neuropeptide‐Y expression in pre‐pubertal female rat offspring
Authors: Iwasa Takeshi , Matsuzaki Toshiya , Munkhzaya Munkhsaikhan , Tungalagsuvd Altankhuu , Kawami Takako , Murakami Masahiro , Yamasaki Mikio , Kato Takeshi , Kuwahara Akira , Yasui Toshiyuki , Irahara Minoru 
Published: April 2014

AbstractGlucocorticoid secretion is a key endocrine response to stress. It has been reported that prenatal stress induces long‐lasting alterations in body weight regulation systems, which persist after the stress has ceased. In this study, the long‐term effects of prenatal glucocorticoid exposure on body weight changes and the expression of appetite‐regulating factors were examined in female rats. Pregnant rats were given normal drinking water (control) or dexamethasone (1 μg/mL) dissolved in drinking water (DEX) from day 13 of pregnancy until delivery. Then, the body weight change, serum leptin levels, and hypothalamic NPY mRNA levels of their offspring were examined. The DEX dams gained significantly less body weight during pregnancy than the control dams. The DEX dams' offspring exhibited a significantly lower birth weight than the offspring of the control dams, and the same was true for body weight at postnatal days 20 and 28. The offspring of the DEX dams displayed significantly higher serum leptin levels and significantly lower hypothalamic NPY mRNA levels compared with the offspring of the control dams. Significant inverse correlations were detected between body weight and the serum leptin level, and between the serum leptin level and the hypothalamic NPY mRNA level. On the other hand, a significant positive correlation was detected between body weight and the hypothalamic NPY mRNA level. These results indicate that leptin production is increased in a long‐lasting manner in offspring exposed to glucocorticoids during the prenatal period and that this results in attenuated body weight gain and hypothalamic NPY expression during the pre‐pubertal period.