bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and correlates of anxiety symptoms in first-episode and untreated major depressive disorder patients with comorbid suicide attempts at different age of onset in a Chinese Han population: a large cross-sectional study
Authors: shi lei , lan hanju , yang zhaokui , zhang xiang-yang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with suicide attempts(SA) are at increased risk of developing anxiety symptoms, especially those with major depressive disorder (MDD). Few studies have investigated the independent effects of anxiety symptoms on comorbid suicide attempts in patients with MDD. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and associated variables in first episode and untreated (FEUT) MDD patients with comorbid suicide attempts at different ages of onset.
Methods
We recruited 1718 patients with FEUT MDD in this study. We collected demographical and clinical data, and measured lipid, thyroid function, and blood glucose levels. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Clinical Global Impression Severity Scale (CGI), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive subscale were used to assess depression, anxiety, illness severity, and psychotic symptoms, respectively.
Results
The prevalence of suicide attempts among MDD patients was 20.1% (346/1718). Among MDD patients with suicide attempts(MDD-SA), the prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 31.4% (75/239) in those with early adult onset and 40.2% (43/107) in those with mid-adult onset. Independent factors associated with anxiety symptoms in early adult onset MDD-SA patients were as follows: marital status (B=0.966, P<0.05, OR=2.629), HAMD score (B=0.213, P<0.05, OR=1.238), and positive subscale score (B=0.201, P<0.01, OR=1.223). Independent factors associated with anxiety symptoms in mid-adult onset MDD-SA patients were as follows: HAMD score (B=0.374, P<0.01, OR=1.454), and positive subscale score (B=0.142, P<0.01, OR=1.153).
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that MDD-SA patients are at higher risk for anxiety symptoms. In MDD-SA patients, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms was similar in the early and mid-adult onset subgroups, but the factors associated with anxiety symptoms differed in these two subgroups.
War-related continuous traumatic stress as a potential mediator of associations between moral distress and professional quality of life in nurses: a cross-sectional study in Ukraine
Authors: Zasiekina Larysa , Martyniuk Anastasiia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background. At the beginning of 2022, Central Europe entered a state of emergency due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Nurses were particularly vulnerable to a decline in their professional quality of life, facing repeated exposure to military trauma, ethical dilemmas, prolonged working hours, and increased stress and fatigue. This study aimed to contribute to our understanding of the potential mediating effect of war-related continuous traumatic stress on the association between moral distress and professional quality of life, including compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, represented by burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Methods. This study used the Professional of Life Scale (ProQOL) to assess compassion fatigue, including burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction; the Moral Distress Questionnaire for Nurses to examine everyday moral distress in healthcare facilities and everyday ethical dilemmas of nurses; and the Continuous Traumatic Stress Response Scale (CTSR) to assess ongoing threats, resulting in exhaustion/detachment, rage/betrayal, and fear/helplessness. The sample consisted of 130 female nurses (mean age 40.20 ± 12.15 years) from surgical departments who had been undergoing advanced training to work with injured military personnel at the Volyn Medical Institute (Ukraine) from March to May 2023. All nurses had experienced direct and indirect exposure to military trauma, and 105 participants were working with injured military personnel. Results. Nurse moral distress did not differ according to demographic variables, particularly marital status, degree of nursing, or combatant care. Moral distress and age, moral distress and job experience were not found to be correlated. The results of the mediation analysis indicated that war-related continuous traumatic stress fully mediated the relationship between moral distress and different components of professional quality of life, namely, compassion fatigue, including burnout and secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction. Conclusion. Research has shown that continuous traumatic stress has a significant effect on the relationship between moral distress and various aspects of professional quality of life, underscoring the need for targeted interventions for nurses facing war-related trauma.
Reduced contrast agent volume using a heart-rate dependent and free-breathing scanning protocol in coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Wang Zengkun , Chen Guoyue , Jing Lihua , Song Dewei , Xu Xiaodie , Chu Chu , Zhang Shuning , Chai Huijing , Yu Hairong , Luan Xiaomei , Song Peiji 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The personalized, free-breathing, heart rate-dependent computed tomography angiography (CTA) protocol can significantly reduce the utilization of contrast medium (CM). This proves especially beneficial for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing coronary artery CTA examinations.
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a personalized CT scanning protocol that was tailored to patients’ heart rate and free-breathing for coronary CTA of patients with COPD.
Methods
A total of 400 patients with COPD who need to undergo the coronary CTA were prospectively randomized into two groups (patients with vascular occlusion were excluded). Group A (n = 200) underwent CTA following a traditional protocol (70mL). The timing of the scans in Group B (n = 200) was determined according to the patient’s HR and free-breathing (30mL).
Results
No difference was found between the two groups in the CT values of RCA, LA, or LCX; (p = 0.131, 0.195 and 0.116). Subjective ratings of image quality (Table 2) were not statistically different between the two groups (p = 0.825).
Conclusion
By adopting a heart-rate dependent and free-breathing protocol, the contrast medium volume were reduced in coronary CTA for patients with COPD, while the image quality was remained comparable to those acquired with routine CTA protocol.
A self-controlled trial comparing remimazolam to propofol for sedation in cervical cancer patients during interstitial brachytherapy
Authors: Shu Jinjun , Sun Jiaxin , Wang Huaiming , Gu Qian , Yang Handan , Zhang Aimin , Zhu Shuyin , Zhang Hongwei , Zou Jiang , zeng deling 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of remimazolam and propofol when administered to the same patient.
Methods
Employing a self-controlled trial design, this study evaluated the effects of various sedative regimens on patients with cervical cancer undergoing interstitial brachytherapy. A total of 32 patients were included in the study. Following the administration of sufentanil 0.1 µg/kg, each patient were randomly assigned to one of three sedative regimens: propofol 1.5mg/kg (P), remimazolam 0.3mg/kg (R1), or remimazolam 0.2mg/kg (R2). The depth of anesthesia was monitored using the Narcotrend, and the operation commenced when the Narcotrend index (NI) dropped to 64 or the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale (MOAA/S)reached ≤ 2. The study noted the success rate of initial sedation, onset time, and maintenance time of sedation during interstitial brachytherapy. Adverse events such as hypoxemia, hypotension, and injection pain were also recorded. Additionally, the total dosage of remimazolam was documented.
Results
The success rate of initial sedation with R2 was notably lower than with P and R1 (p < 0.001). R1 had a significantly longer onset time and a notably shorter maintenance time of sedation compared with P (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the total dosage of remimazolam administered and operation duration during sedation with R1 and R2 (p > 0.05). Remimazolam led to a significant reduction in the incidence of hypoxemia, hypotension, and injection pain (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The combination of remimazolam 0.3mg/kg with sufentanil exhibited an improved sedative effect in cervical cancer patients undergoing interstitial brachytherapy. It had minimal effects on respiration and circulation, establishing it as a safe option for this procedure.
Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200065938, 11/18/2022).
Situs inversus totalis with single extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and azygos continuation of the caudal vena cava in a dog: a case report
Authors: Takeuchi Ryo , Ishigaki Kumiko , Kuramoto Hiromichi , Fujimoto Teppei , Sakamoto Yumi , Sakai Manabu , Asano Kazushi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The normal visceral arrangement is called situs solitus, whereas the state of the visceral arrangement in a mirror-like positional relationship is called situs inversus. Among the SI, the state in which the positions of only some thoracoabdominal organs are reversed is called situs inversus partialis, and the state in which the positions of all thoracoabdominal organs are reversed is called situs inversus totalis (SIT). Clinical information on dogs with SIT is limited.
Case presentation
A 4-month-old Shiba dog was referred with depression and neurological symptoms as the chief complaints. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the patient had SIT with an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS) and azygos continuation of the caudal vena cava. In addition, complete reversal of the lung lobes and cardiovascular system in the thoracic cavity was confirmed. The patient underwent surgery for partial attenuation of EHPSS on day 8 after the initial examination. On day 124, after the initial examination, a second surgery was performed for complete attenuation. Under celiotomy, the positions of all abdominal organs, except for the rectum, were inverted; thus, SIT was confirmed via gross observation. In addition, the braided nylon sutures partially attenuated the concurrent splenocaval shunt. At the conclusion of this study, approximately 6 years had passed since the second surgery, and the patient had a good general condition without any medications.
Conclusion
In SIT, the complex anatomy of the abdominal organs and vessels is difficult to identify via gross observation; in contrast, CT is effective for detecting vascular abnormalities, confirming the anatomical position of each organ, and it allows for the definitive diagnosis of SIT.
Impact of Value-Based Care on Quality of Life, Clinical Outcomes, Patient Satisfaction, and Enhanced Financial Protection among Hypertensive Patients inGhana: A Protocol for a Mixed Method Evaluation, 2024
Authors: Dwomoh Duah , Sunkwa-Mills Gifty , Antwi Kwasi , Antwi Maxwell , de Wit Tobias F. Rinke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Hypertension remains a major public health concern in low and middle-income countries as most hypertensive patients are not adequately treated, and improper lifestyle modification and expensive and inadequate antihypertensive medications are among the few of the challenges that hinder effective hypertension management. Evidence on which hypertensive intervention is cost-effective is essential to inform strategy, policy development, practice, implementation, and resource allocation. Value-Based Care (VBC) is a healthcare delivery model that emphasizes improving patient outcomes while optimizing costs. It shifts the focus from the volume of services provided to the value delivered to patients. We hypothesize that innovative digital VBC intervention would be more cost-effective compared to standard care among individuals with poorly controlled hypertension.
Methods
This study in Ghana will employ a mixed-methods evaluation design, a comprehensive and thorough approach that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative component will involve a quasi-experimental study to measure the impact of the VBC intervention on quality of life, improved clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and enhanced financial protection among hypertensive patients registered with the National Health Insurance Authority. We will use a difference-in-difference analytic approach and a generalized estimation equation model with cluster-robust standard errors to quantify the impact of VBC, accounting for potential confounding variables. The qualitative component will involve in-depth interviews and focus group discussions to gather insights into the experiences and perceptions of the patients, caregivers, and policymakers involved in the VBC intervention and the benefits, barriers, costs of treatment, and challenges associated with the VBC intervention. We aim to provide evidence that can significantly impact hypertension service delivery in Ghana, potentially leading to more cost-effective care for hypertensive patients.
Discussions
Despite the availability of safe treatment options for hypertension, most people with hypertension in LMICs do not have it controlled. There is currently a paucity of knowledge about the cost-effectiveness of VBC interventions in developing countries. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap and pave the way for more cost-effective hypertension treatment worldwide. The digital Ghana VBC intervention described in this paper is a pioneering approach to achieving safer, more consistent, and cost-effective care for hypertensive patients.
H, 15 N and 13 C resonance assignments of S2A and H64A double mutant of human carbonic anhydrase II
Authors: # Neelam , Bopardikar Mandar , Singh Himanshu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Protein-water interactions profoundly influence protein structure and dynamics. Consequently, the function of many biomacromolecules is directly related to the presence and exchange of water molecules. While structural water molecules can be readily identified through X-ray crystallography, the dynamics within functional protein-water networks remain largely elusive. Therefore, to understand the role of biological water in protein dynamics and function, we have introduced S2A and H64A mutations in human Carbonic Anhydrase II (hCAII), a model system to study protein-water interactions. The mutations of serine to alanine at position 2 and histidine to alanine at position 64 cause increase in hydrophobicity in N-terminus and active site loop thereby restricting water entry and disrupting the water network in the Zn2+-binding pocket. To pave the way for a detailed investigation into the structural, functional, and mechanistic aspects of the Ser2Ala/His64Ala double mutant of hCAII, we present here almost complete sequence-specific resonance assignments for 1H, 15N, and 13C. These assignments serve as the basis for comprehensive studies on the dynamics of the protein-water network within the Zn2+-binding pocket and its role in catalysis.
A generative adversarial network algorithm for inferring age attributes in subway based on AFC and POI data
Authors: Xu Xinyue , Zhang Anzhong , Liu Jun , Wu Yuankai , Qin Linqiao , Ye Ziyang , Xu WenWen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Understanding the socioeconomic characteristics of passengers is crucial for intelligent services for subway systems. Nevertheless, obtaining such information poses challenges, especially sensitive attributes such as age, due to heightened considerations for data privacy. To address this challenge, we explore the correlation between travel features and age from both macro and micro perspectives and propose an improved Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for age inference in subway contexts. In the macro level, we extract statistical features from Automatic Fare Collection data and novel features from Points of Interest data. The novel features allow us to examine the relationship between built environment and age. In the micro level, we introduce a comprehensive travel chain, considering the dynamic evolution of passenger trips during multiple days. To address the sample imbalance across age groups, we propose an improved GAN-based framework to infer the age attribute. Our framework incorporates Inner Product to capture interdependency among macro features and employs a Transformer-based module to extract sequential and spatiotemporal features within micro-level travel chains. Finally, the framework is validated using a case study of Guangzhou subway. The results indicate the superiority of our model over baseline approaches like Random Forest, Bayesian Networks, and Variational Autoencoders, showcasing accuracy improvements of 17.75%, 20.29%, and 16.10%, respectively. The use of Inner Product and Transformer-based modules enhances the predictive accuracy of the model. The utilization of travel chains proves to be effective in capturing travel features and improves the model’s accuracy in age inference. Furthermore, we delve into potential applications.
The impact of a major hurricane on sediment geochemistry of a shallow subtropical estuary through strong resuspension
Authors: Xue Jianhong , Wang Zucheng , Lin Xianbiao , Lu Kaijun , Douglas Sarah , Hardison Amber , Liu Zhanfei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Major hurricanes can greatly affect sediment biogeochemical processes in coastal bays and estuaries through strong storm surges and resuspension, yet the impacts on sediment geochemistry have rarely been evaluated. Here the sediment geochemistry of the Mission Aransas Estuary, Texas, was systematically evaluated prior to and after Hurricane Harvey, a Category 4 storm. The median grain size of the surface sediments in the estuary significantly increased, but the bulk sediment total organic carbon content (TOC%) remained relatively constant. The concentration and composition of several organic chemical classes in the sediment were altered in distinctly different patterns. Accessory pigments showed that cyanobacterial materials in surface sediments increased immediately after Harvey, but returned to pre-Harvey levels five months post-hurricane. Pheophorbide decreased significantly after Harvey, but also recovered within seven months, suggesting resilience of the benthic community. In contrast, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes decreased (5-10-fold) five months after Hurricane Harvey and remained low one year later. The loss of PAHs and n-alkanes from the sediment might be related to increased solubility due to decreased salinity and strong resuspension during the storm surge. Overall, the strong storm surge and resuspension of sediment by Hurricane Harvey presented a major disturbance to the geochemistry of surface sediment in the MAE, but the impact on individual organic chemical classes depended on their sources, chemical properties, and/or association with fine clay minerals.
Recovering populations of the southern sea otters suppress a global marine invader
Authors: Jeppesen Rikke , de Rivera Catherine E. , Grosholz Edwin D. , Tinker M. Tim , Hughes Brent B. , Eby Ron , Wasson Kerstin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Understanding the role of apex predators on ecosystems is essential for designing effective conservation strategies. Supporting recovery of apex predators can have many benefits; one that has been rarely examined is control of invasive prey. We investigated whether a recovering apex predator, the southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis), can exert local control over a global marine invader, the green crab (Carcinus maenas). We determined that southern sea otters in Elkhorn Slough estuary in California can consume large numbers of invasive green crabs and found strong negative relationships in space and time between otter and green crab abundance. Green crabs persisted at highest abundance in this estuary at sites with artificial tidal restriction that were not accessible to otters. Green crab abundance remained lower in this estuary than in all other estuaries in the region, which lack resident sea otters. Conservation organizations and agencies have invested heavily in recovery of southern sea otters, increasing their numbers in this estuary. Restoration of natural tidal exchange and lost marshes and seagrass beds further supports their populations. We have demonstrated that these investments in top predator recovery and habitat restoration have reduced the impacts of a global invader. Our investigation highlights that investment in recovery of top predators can increase beneficial food web interactions and resilience of the entire ecosystem.
Developing Accurate Predictive Models for Phase Angle Estimation in Adult Individuals of Southern Cuba Region using Classification and Regression Learner Methods from Bioimpedance Measurements
Authors: Bello Jose Luis García , Luna Taira Batista , Lafargue Alcibíades Lara , Ciria Héctor Manuel Camué , Zulueta Yohandys A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: The combined use of bioimpedance and machine learning is essential for accurately estimating the health status of individuals. This work is aimed to develop a machine learning predictions of phase angle derived from bioimpedance measurements of adult-healthy volunteers from Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Methods: We conducted a pilot study in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba with a total of 2848 volunteers between the ages of 19 and 96. The study included individuals with asthma, diabetics, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and with no apparent illness. Bioimpedance parameters were measured using a standard tetrapolar whole-body configuration. A classification and regression model was used to predict the phase angle.
Results: The classification model identified relevant bioparameters for predicting the phase angle. Total body water showed the greatest importance at approximately 94%, followed by the corrected capacitance at ~18% and the basal energy costs at ~17%. The predicted phase angle values were consistent with previous reports of other pathologies, where higher phase angle values indicate better health and men have higher values than women. The model suggests that Xc, TBWkolt, and GBE can be used as alternative indicators for estimating health status. Furthermore, a previously unreported relationship between the metabolic basal index and phase angle was proposed with possible implications for health status.
Conclusion: The classification, phase angle and body mass index predictive models are of the great importance to assist the exploration of partial heath status with great accuracy. The results reveal that the predictor models can be used for estimating the phase angle and intrinsically the health status of adult patients with helpful diagnosis assistance in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.