bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compared with other methods, cyanoacrylate and lauromacrogol in treating esophagogastric varices did not increase the risk of postoperative infection
Authors: Zeng Qingyu , Lan Chao , He Binbo , Tao Zhang , Liu Jie , Kong Tao , Xu Shan 
Published: July 2024

Background
Patients with cirrhosis commonly undergo endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for gastric and esophageal variceal bleeding. However, postoperative infections can increase the risk of rebleeding and mortality.

Aim
This study aimed to determine the risk of postoperative infections and its associated factors following cyanoacrylate injection treatment in these patients.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 57 patients treated with ligation (ligation group), 66 patients treated with cyanoacrylate injection (injection group), and 91 patients treated with conservative treatment (control group) at the Nanchong Central Hospital.

Results
The rate of postoperative infection was similar among the cyanoacrylate, ligation, and conservative treatment groups, with no significant statistical difference observed (P = 0.97). Multivariate analysis identified postoperative Child–Pugh score and renal insufficiency as two independent risk factors for postoperative infection. The rebleeding rate in the injection group was significantly lower than in the other groups (P = 0.01). Mortality was significantly higher in the control group compared with the ligation and injection groups (P = 0.01).

Conclusion
Cyanoacrylate combined with lauromacrogol injection did not significantly increase the risk of infection compared with ligation and conservative treatments, and it was more effective in reducing the risk of rebleeding. This method is safe, effective, and holds clinical value for broader application.
Reflections on the contribution of IPOS to psycho-oncology
Authors: Watson Maggie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This invited commentary briefly describes some of the milestones and events from the period of 2010–2012 while I was President of the International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS). Important events covered include the introduction and implementation of an International Standard of Quality Psychosocial Care, the setting up of IPOS Press, the initiation of a partnership with the WHO and further development of the curriculum, and the IPOS Federation of Societies implemented by Dr Luigi Grassi. It also briefly covers important changes to the governance, byelaws, and committee structures of IPOS.
Unusual PEComa With PRCC::TFE3 Fusion Mimicking Sinonasal Tract Melanoma
Authors: Lasota Jerzy , Thompson Lester D.R. , Chłopek Małgorzata , Kowalik Artur , Miettinen Markku 
Published: July 2024

Background:
We report a nasal cavity unusual perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) mimicking mucosal melanoma.

Methods:
Immunohistochemistry was performed using BenchMark Ultra and panel of antibodies. The Ion Torrent platform and Ion AmpliSeq cancer hotspot panel were utilized for DNA genotyping. Target-specific RNA libraries for the detection of fusion transcripts were constructed using Archer Universal RNA Reagent Kit v2 and Archer FusionPlex Solid Tumor panel and sequenced on the MiSeqDx instrument.

Results:
The tumor, diagnosed in 46-year-old female, was composed of spindle cells, and lacked pigmentation. Immunohistochemically, it showed a patchy HMB-45 positivity. Other melanocytic markers (S100 protein, Melan-A, SOX10) were negative. The tumor cells were weakly positive for KIT (CD117) while negative for smooth muscle actin, pancytokeratin cocktail (AE1/AE3), and synaptophysin. Diagnosis of primary sinonasal tract mucosal melanoma was favored. Additional molecular studies detected PRCC::TFE3 fusion as the sole genetic change, and suggested the diagnosis of unusual PEComa. Previously, TFE3 fusions were reported in a subset of PEComas but not in melanomas, while PRCC involvement has only been documented once in an ocular PEComa. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong nuclear TFE3 expression concordant with the molecular findings.

Conclusions:
This report emphasis the importance of molecular testing in the differential diagnosis between PEComa and melanoma, especially when the tumor arises in a site typical of melanoma but showing an unusual morphology and immunophenotype. The detection of TFE3 fusion transcripts suggested the diagnosis of SNT PEComa, although it cannot be excluded that this and similar tumors represent a distinct diagnostic category.
Associations Between Early-Pregnancy Vitamin D Status and Postpartum Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: Domacassé Desirée , de Rooij Susanne R. , Vrijkotte Tanja , de Jonge Ank , Henrichs Jens 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
Maternal postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms are risk factors for subsequent maternal and child mental health problems. Little is known about the potential role of antepartum vitamin D and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the etiology of maternal postpartum affective symptoms. We investigated associations between antepartum vitamin D status and postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms and whether antepartum CRP mediated these associations.

Methods
In 2483 participants of the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development prospective cohort, maternal serum vitamin D and CRP were measured at a median of 13 weeks’ gestation. Vitamin D status was defined as deficient (≤29.9 nM), insufficient (30–49.9 nM), sufficient (50–79.9 nM), or normal (≥80 nM). Maternal depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression) and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) were assessed 3 months postpartum.

Results
After adjustments for confounders, vitamin D deficiency was only associated with increased postpartum anxiety symptoms (B = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03–0.30, p = .017) compared to normal vitamin D levels (≥80 nM). In women not taking vitamin D supplementation (n = 2303), vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms (B = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.03–0.28, p = .045; and B = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.03–0.32, p = .015). Antepartum CRP did not mediate these links.

Conclusions
We found some evidence that antepartum vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased postpartum affective symptoms, especially in women not taking vitamin D supplementation. Clinical trials should determine whether vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk for postpartum affective disorders.
Lifetime Trauma Exposure and Arthritis in Older Adults
Authors: Nishimi Kristen , Chen Ruijia , Schmajuk Gabriela , Neylan Thomas C. , O’Donovan Aoife 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
Experiencing potentially traumatic events across one’s lifecourse increases risk for poor physical health outcomes. Existing models emphasize the effects of any lifetime trauma exposure, risk accumulation (multiple traumas over time), and sensitive periods of exposure (specific exposure timepoints leading to lasting consequences). We examined how different indices of trauma exposure across the lifecourse were associated with later life arthritis, a common and debilitating health condition.

Methods
Data include 5717 Health and Retirement Study participants (age mean [standard deviation] = 65.4 [12.9] years) who reported on lifetime adversity and trauma in 2006–2008. Lifetime trauma exposure was modeled as any trauma, accumulation of traumas, and lifecourse profiles (no exposure, childhood only, adulthood only, childhood and adulthood exposure). Outcomes included prevalent arthritis at baseline and incident arthritis across 12 years of follow-up. Covariate-adjusted generalized linear models for prevalence ratios and Cox proportional hazards models for hazard ratios were conducted.

Results
Any lifetime trauma was associated with both prevalent arthritis at baseline (prevalence ratio = 1.13, 95% confidence interval = 1.05–1.22) and incident arthritis over 12 years (hazard ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval = 1.17–1.47). Greater trauma accumulation was significantly associated with both prevalent and incident arthritis. Childhood exposure was particularly strongly associated with prevalent and incident cases, with adulthood exposure being unassociated with incident arthritis. Across models, trauma exposure was associated with prevalent cases of both immune-related and osteoarthritis types.

Conclusions
Higher lifetime trauma burden, especially during childhood, may predispose individuals to arthritis later in life. Early intervention or prevention efforts should identify trauma as an important risk factor for musculoskeletal health across the lifecourse.
Conclusions Regarding the Role of Expectations in Placebo Analgesia Studies May Depend on How We Investigate It: A Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review, and Proposal for Methodological Discussions
Authors: Lunde Sigrid Juhl , Rosenkjær Sophie , Matthiesen Susan Tomczak , Kirsch Irving , Vase Lene 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
Expectations are highlighted as a key component in placebo effects. However, there are different approaches to whether and how placebo studies should account for expectations, and the direct contribution has yet to be estimated in meta-analyses. Using different methodological approaches, this meta-analysis and systematic review examines the extent to which expectations contribute to pain in placebo studies.

Methods
The databases PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for placebo analgesia mechanism studies with numerical measures of both expectations and pain. Thirty-one studies, comprising 34 independent study populations (1566 subjects: patients and healthy participants) were included. Two meta-analyses were conducted: meta-analysis 1, using study-level data, estimated the effect of expectation interventions without taking measures of expectations into account (expectations assumed); and meta-analysis 2, using individual-level data, estimated the direct impact of participants’ expectations on pain (expectations assessed). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.

Results
Meta-analysis 1 showed a moderate effect of expectation interventions over no expectation intervention on pain intensity (Hedges g = 0.45, I
2 = 54.19). Based on 10 studies providing individual-level data, meta-analysis 2 showed that expectations predicted pain intensity in placebo and control groups (b = 0.36, SE = 0.05), although inconsistently across study methodologies.

Conclusions
Participants’ expectations contributed moderately to pain in placebo analgesia studies. However, this may largely be influenced by how we measure expectations and how their contribution is conceptualized and analyzed—both within and across studies.
Contemporary Patterns of Financial Toxicity Among Patients With Rheumatologic Disease in the United States
Authors: Amen Troy B. , Dee Edward Christopher , Jain Bhav , Batter Stephen , Jain Urvish , Bajaj Simar S. , Varady Nathan H. , Amen Lauren J. , Goodman Susan M. 
Published: July 2024

Background/Objective
Rheumatologic diseases encompass a group of disabling conditions that often require expensive clinical treatments and limit an individual's ability to work and maintain a steady income. The purpose of this study was to evaluate contemporary patterns of financial toxicity among patients with rheumatologic disease and assess for any associated demographic factors.

Methods
The cross-sectional National Health Interview Survey was queried from 2013 to 2018 for patients with rheumatologic disease. Patient demographics and self-reported financial metrics were collected or calculated including financial hardship from medical bills, financial distress, food insecurity, and cost-related medication (CRM) nonadherence. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess for factors associated with increased financial hardship.

Results
During the study period, 20.2% of 41,502 patients with rheumatologic disease faced some degree of financial hardship due to medical bills, 55.0% of whom could not pay those bills. Rheumatologic disease was associated with higher odds of financial hardship from medical bills (adjusted odds ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.22–1.36; p < 0.001) with similar trends for patients suffering from financial distress, food insecurity, and CRM nonadherence (p < 0.001 for all). Financial hardship among patients with rheumatologic disease was associated with being younger, male, Black, and uninsured (p < 0.001 for all).

Conclusion
In this nationally representative study, we found that a substantial proportion of adults with rheumatologic disease in the United States struggled with paying their medical bills and suffered from food insecurity and CRM nonadherence. National health care efforts and guided public policy should be pursued to help ease the burden of financial hardship for these patients.
Comparing the Diagnostic Value of FDG PET or PET/CT With FDG PET/MR in Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Chun-Yi , Chang Ming-Che , Kao Chia-Hung 
Published: July 2024

Background
The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET or PET/CT with FDG PET/MR in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods
A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed for studies reporting the diagnostic performance of FDG PET (PET/CT) and FDG PET/MR in IBD from the inception of the database to March 14, 2024, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Fourteen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled estimates of segment-based sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio for FDG PET (PET/CT) and FDG PET/MR were calculated alongside 95% confidence intervals. Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were plotted, and the area under the SROC curve was determined alongside the Q* index.

Results
The segment-based pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the SROC curve of FDG PET (PET/CT) for diagnosing IBD (9 studies) were 0.81, 0.86, 5.76, 0.22, 31.92, and 0.92, respectively. Those of FDG PET/MR (5 studies) were 0.78, 0.92, 10.97, 0.25, 51.79, and 0.95. There was no significant difference in the abilities of detecting or excluding IBD between FDG PET (PET/CT) and FDG PET/MR.

Conclusions
For diagnostic value in patients with IBD, there was no significant difference between FDG PET (PET/CT) and FDG PET/MR. Both FDG PET (PET/CT) and FDG PET/MR have demonstrated high diagnostic performance for accurate diagnosing in patients with IBD.
Septoplasty During Primary Cleft Lip Reconstruction: A Historical Perspective and Scoping Review
Authors: Lam Theodore , Munns Callum , Fell Matthew , Chong David 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Traditional surgical approaches excluded septoplasty at primary cleft lip reconstruction due to concerns about restricted nasal and midfacial growth. Modern opinion in the treatment of cleft lip has increasingly employed primary septoplasty; this scoping review and historical perspective aims to chronicle the evolution of septoplasty in patients born with cleft lip and palate and discuss current evidence.

Methods:
The historical perspective explicitly contrasts American and European perceptions of septoplasty in cleft lip deformity and the competing anatomical theories of the role of the septum on midfacial and nasal growth. For the scoping review, articles were extracted from Embase, PubMed, and Medline, as well as manual searches of reference lists. Results were compiled, grouped, and appraised by date, outcomes, and historical significance. Inclusion criteria consisted of children who underwent primary septoplasty for any indication and were followed up on outcomes of facial growth and nasal function. Literature reviews, opinion articles, case reports, guidelines, or studies not available in English or online were excluded.

Results:
Evolving anatomical theories relating to midfacial growth in the mid-late 20th century underpinned a progressive ideological shift on the safety and efficacy of septoplasty in children. This is supported by our scoping review, which included 23 articles mutually selected for inclusion by 2 blinded assessors. Several competing methods have been employed to measure endpoints on facial growth and nasal function, but generally indicate primary septoplasty is successful in improving nasal function and preserving midfacial growth.

Conclusion:
Perceptions towards septoplasty on facial growth in the pediatric population have transformed significantly and suggest a growing acceptance of primary septoplasty techniques in patients born with a cleft lip.
Minor/Major Congenital Malformations and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children Prenatally Exposed to Levetiracetam, Lamotrigine, and Carbamazepine Monotherapy
Authors: Ertürk Çetin Özdem , Algedik Pınar , Akyüz Gülcan , Sürmeli Reyhan , Zanapalıoğlu Ümit , Alev Saltak Gülce , Güven Şirin 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
The relationship of older antiseizure drugs with congenital malformations has been known for many years. Studies are mostly limited to major malformations and few studies have investigated minor malformations. In recent years, the long-term cognitive and behavioral effects of these drugs have also come to the fore. The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence of major and minor congenital malformations and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children prenatally exposed to levetiracetam (LEV), lamotrigine (LTG), and carbamazepine (CBZ) monotherapy.

Methods
This was a prospective observational study conducted in two university hospital epilepsy centers. It included 32 pregnant women who were continuously treated with LEV, LTG, or CBZ from conception throughout pregnancy. Children were followed up from birth until 18 months. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire and Denver Developmental Screening Test.

Results
Eighteen of the patients were on LEV, 10 were on LTG, and 4 were on CBZ. Diaphragmatic hernia was detected in a child. At least one minor anomaly was observed in 58.1% of the patients. More than 80% of children were normal in the Ages and Stages Questionnaire.

Conclusions
The risk of major congenital malformations is lower with newer antiseizure drugs. We found a high incidence of minor ones. However, because the population prevalence of minor malformations is also variable, more studies are needed to confirm the results. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were favorable with LTG and LEV and slightly unfavorable with CBZ. Longer-term follow-up with large groups of children is required to reach more reliable results.
Use of Citicoline in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hübner Isabel Barros , Scheibe Denise Bisolo , Marchezan Josemar , Bücker Joana 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurobehavioral disorder in school-aged children. Although there are several drug treatment options, some patients do not have adequate therapeutic responses to conventional medications or experience considerable adverse effects. Citicoline is an endogenous molecule that has beneficial effects on attention, impulsivity, and memory and is a potential treatment for ADHD. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of citicoline in pediatric patients diagnosed with ADHD.

Methods
This randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial included with patients aged 7–12 years diagnosed with ADHD.

Results
As a result, no statistically significant difference was noted between the use of citicoline and placebo in the evaluated parameters. The treatment had no adverse effects.

Conclusions
Citicoline seems to be a safe molecule to be administered in the pediatric age group. Further studies are required to assess the therapeutic potential of citicoline in ADHD.
Rebalancing Viral and Immune Damage versus Tissue Repair Prevents Death from Lethal Influenza Infection
Authors: Ichise Hiroshi , Speranza Emily , La Russa Federica , Veres Tibor Z. , Chu Colin J. , Gola Anita , Germain Ronald N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMaintaining tissue function while eliminating infected cells is fundamental to host defense. Innate inflammatory damage contributes to lethal influenza and COVID-19, yet other than steroids, immunomodulatory drugs have modest effects. Among more than 50 immunomodulatory regimes tested in mouse lethal influenza infection, only the previously reported early depletion of neutrophils showed efficacy, suggesting that the infected host passes an early tipping point in which limiting innate immune damage alone cannot rescue physiological function. To re-balance the system late in infection, we investigated whether partial limitation of viral spread using oseltamivir (Tamiflu) together with enhancement of epithelial repair by blockade of interferon signaling or the limitation of further epithelial cell loss mediated by cytotoxic CD8+T cells would prevent death. These treatments salvaged a large fraction of infected animals, providing new insight into the importance of repair processes and the timing of adaptive immune responses in survival of pulmonary infections.
Transcriptomic Hallmarks of Mortality Reveal Universal and Specific Mechanisms of Aging, Chronic Disease, and Rejuvenation
Authors: Tyshkovskiy Alexander , Kholdina Daria , Ying Kejun , Davitadze Maria , Molière Adrian , Tongu Yoshiyasu , Kasahara Tomoko , Kats Leonid M , Vladimirova Anastasiya , Moldakozhayev Alibek , Liu Hanna , Zhang Bohan , Khasanova Uma , Moqri Mahdi , Van Raamsdonk Jeremy M. , Harrison David E. , Strong Randy , Abe Takaaki , Dmitriev Sergey E. , Gladyshev Vadim N. 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYHealth is strongly affected by aging and lifespan-modulating interventions, but the molecular mechanisms of mortality regulation remain unclear. Here, we conducted an RNA-seq analysis of mice subjected to 20 compound treatments in the Interventions Testing Program (ITP). By integrating it with the data from over 4,000 rodent tissues representing aging and responses to genetic, pharmacological, and dietary interventions with established survival data, we developed robust multi-tissue transcriptomic biomarkers of mortality, capable of quantifying aging and change in lifespan in both short-lived and long-lived models. These tools were further extended to single-cell and human data, demonstrating common mechanisms of molecular aging across cell types and species. Via a network analysis, we identified and annotated 26 co-regulated modules of aging and longevity across tissues, and developed interpretable module-specific clocks that capture aging- and mortality-associated phenotypes of functional components, including, among others, inflammatory response, mitochondrial function, lipid metabolism, and extracellular matrix organization. These tools captured and characterized acceleration of biological age induced by progeria models and chronic diseases in rodents and humans. They also revealed rejuvenation induced by heterochronic parabiosis, early embryogenesis, and cellular reprogramming, highlighting universal signatures of mortality, shared across models of rejuvenation and age-related disease. They includedCdkn1aandLgals3, whose human plasma levels further demonstrated a strong association with all-cause mortality, disease incidence and risk factors, such as obesity and hypertension. Overall, this study uncovers molecular hallmarks of mammalian mortality shared across organs, cell types, species and models of disease and rejuvenation, exposing fundamental mechanisms of aging and longevity.