bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the Gap Junction Interplay in the Rat Epididymis
Authors: Cyr Daniel , Adam Cécile , Dufresne Julie , Gregory Mary 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

During postnatal development of the epididymis, a change in the expression of gap junction proteins, or connexins (Cxs), occurs, in which Gjb2 (Cx26) and Gja1 (Cx43) levels in the proximal epididymis are decreased, while Gjb1(Cx32), Gjb4 (Cx30.3) and Gjb5 (Cx31.1) levels increase. The mechanism(s) responsible for the switch in Cx expression is unknown. The aims of this study are: 1) to identify the mechanisms responsible for the decrease in GJB2 protein levels and the increase in other Cxs during postnatal development. Results indicate that decreased Gjb2 expression does not induce changes in the expression of other Cxs in rat RCE-1 principal cells, suggesting a lack of compensatory expression. Sequence analysis of both Gjb2 and Gjb1 promoters identified common multiple response elements to steroid hormones. Using RCE-1 cells, we showed that glucocorticoids increased Gjb2 expression, while estradiol had no effect. Orchidectomy in rats resulted in a significant increase in GJB2 and decreased GJB1 in the caput and corpus epididymidis. Changes in Cxs protein levels were prevented by administering testosterone in orchidectomized rats. Similar results were observed in the prostate, another androgen-receptive organ. LNCaP cells, which are androgen-responsive, showed that exogenous dihydrotestosterone (DHT) exposure resulted in a decrease in Gjb2mRNA levels concomitant with increased Gjb1 levels. Using a GJB1 promoter construct we showed that DHT could induce transactivation of the luciferase transgene, while transactivation using two GJB2 promoters were not altered. Together, our results suggest that androgens and glucocorticoids regulate the expression of Cxs in the epididymis.
Study of the causes of retinal detachment among patients attending Damascus Hospital
Authors: Hussein Miran , Albukhari Shahd , Ali Diaa Haj , Haddeh Yusra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Retinal detachment is the separation of the neurosensory retina (NSR) from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
The forces of adhesion between the two layers can be divided into mechanical and metabolic. Mechanical factors in turn are divided into those outside and those inside the subretinal space (SRS).
Mechanical forces outside the SRS include fluid pressures and vitreous. Fluid exits the eye through the trabecular meshwork; however, a small proportion tends to exit from the vitreous to the choroid by the intraocular and choroidal oncotic pressures.
Research Materials and Methods
A retrospective cohort study (COHORT) was conducted On a random group of patients from January 2022 to May 2023. The final sample size was 150participants, with a confidence interval of 95%. Every participant has signed the informed consent.
Results
The sample included 150 patients who suffered from retinal detachment. 28.66% were females and 71.33% were males. We find that there is a tendency to suffer from retinal detachment in males more than in females, with a ratio of about 3:1 in favor of males.
Most of the cases were without a history of eye surgery (69.33%), the largest remaining percentage had a history of previous cataract surgery (21.33%), and the remaining percentage had a history of surgery as a result of eye trauma (9.33%). Diabetes was the most frequent cause of retinal detachment (33.12%).
Severe myopia was the cause of retinal detachment in 8.12% of cases, while moderate myopia was the cause in 3.12%, and a lower percentage of mild myopia was 1.25%.
Conclusion
Retinal detachment is considered a vision-threatening condition. Our study showed that the disease in Syria has characteristics similar to the global characteristics, but is more severe. Several factors are useful in predicting the development of this disease, including the patient's age, which is the most important factor, in addition to diabetes, myopia, and penetrating trauma, which is also an important factor.
Human-Social Robot Online Co-Tutoring Enhances Students’ Learning &amp; Engagement: Interaction Guidelines
Authors: Velentza Anna-Maria , Lefkos Ioannis , Fachantidis Nikolaos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Online classes are increasingly gaining popularity in both children's and adult education, although, the challenge of the students’ engagement remains. Evidence has shown that co-teaching is beneficial for both tutors and students, however, especially on a university level, tutors are not always able to co-teach classes. Additionally, socially assistive robots (SAR) have been proven advantageous in educational roles, as they deliver teaching material and provide support to students across various educational levels. This research paper specifically examines the performance of SAR in place of university co-tutors in online classes, in the field of computer science, measuring three outcomes, knowledge acquisition (academic test), enjoyment level (questionnaire), and engagement (qualitative and quantitative analysis of verbal and chat discussions and threads during class). We also aim to fill in the gap of having structured human-robot collaboration guidelines for educational environments. This will be accomplished through a sequence of three experiments: 1. A co-tutored lecture involving one human and one robot, 2. A co-tutored lecture involving two humans, 3. A second instance of a co-tutored lecture involving both human and robot. Results indicated that students taught by a collaborative team of human and robot tutors exhibited a greater level of knowledge acquisition, while maintaining comparable levels of enjoyment, in comparison to those instructed by a collaborative team of two human tutors. Moreover, engagement remained high during the lectures, and we are addressing the differences in students’ communication channels and discussed topics when lectured by two humans vs a human and a robot. Finally, the human-robot collaboration managed to eliminate the negative outcomes of the presence of a robot, such as the surprise effect based on the literature the students face the first time they are being lectured by a robot-tutor.
Associating reservoir operations with 2D inundation risk and climate uncertainty
Authors: Feng Youcan , Zheng Run , Ma Donghe , Huang Xin 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Bridging the research gap between reservoir operations and inundation risks under the future climate, this study integrates a hydrologic reservoir management model with a 2D hydrodynamic model, comparing the conventional regulations and the optimized reservoir operations based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Results reveal that optimized operations using the PSO algorithm consistently outperform conventional strategies by better-managing peak discharges and controlling downstream inundation. The study further differentiates between PSO-optimized plans: PSO1, which focuses on minimizing inundation areas, and PSO2, which prioritizes peak reduction at the flood control point. Interestingly, PSO2 proves superior for single-point peak reduction, typically the primary objective in current practices, whereas PSO1, despite lesser peak reduction, achieves a smaller inundation area, enhancing basin-scale flood resilience. This discrepancy reveals the need to consider downstream inundation risks as critical evaluation metrics in reservoir optimization, a factor often overlooked in existing studies. The research underscores the importance of updating operational frameworks to incorporate 2D inundation risks and adapt to increased flood risks under changing climate conditions. Despite optimization, future climate scenarios predict increased flood exposure, indicating that the current safety discharge rates and flow regulations at control points are outdated and require revision.
Spinoza’s Place in Twentieth Century Anglo-American Philosophy
Authors: Cook J. Thomas 
Published: July 2024

This paper began as an address at the 100th anniversary celebration of the Vereniging het Spinozahuis in Amsterdam in 1997. I trace the highlights of Spinoza reception and scholarship in the Anglo-American philosophical community from the late nineteenth to the late twentieth century. Beginning with the British Idealists’ enthusiasm for Spinoza as a systematic metaphysician, I move through the indifference of the (anti-metaphysical) positivists to the renewal of interest among more naturalistically-minded analytical philosophers in the second half of the twentieth century. Along the way there are brief discussions of a few individual thinkers who engaged with Spinoza in especially interesting or influential ways, such as Caird, Santayana, Russell, Wolfson, Hampshire, and Curley.
De rol van niet-volwassenen in Oosterdalfsen gedurende de trechterbeker- en enkelgrafperiode
Authors: Schreuder Nina 
Published: July 2024

The role of non-adults at Ooster-dalfsen during the Funnelbeaker and Single Grave periods Within prehistoric archaeology in northwestern Europe there is an ongoing debate about the transition from the Funnelbeaker to the Single Grave culture. The accepted hypothesis, of a gradual transition, is now being called into question by studies that suggest new migrations into Europe. Can burials tell us more about this transition? To answer this question, Funnelbeaker culture burials and Single Grave culture burials from Oosterdalfsen (province of Overijssel, the Netherlands) were examined. The focus was on distinguishing between non-adults and adults based on grave orientation, grave shape and grave goods. The results show that non-adults of the Funnelbeaker culture were often buried with arrowheads. One non-adult Single Grave culture inhumation also contained arrowheads. This may indicate that the roles of non-adults overlapped between these two cultures, supporting a gradual transition from the Funnelbeaker to the Single Grave culture.
Predicting Efficacies of Fractional Doses of Vaccines by Using Neutralizing Antibody Levels: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Du Zhanwei , Liu Caifen , Bai Yuan , Wang Lin , Lim Wey Wen , Lau Eric H Y , Cowling Benjamin J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that have eluded immunity from vaccines and prior infections, vaccine shortages and vaccine effectiveness pose unprecedented challenges for governments in expanding booster vaccination programs. The fractionation of vaccine doses might be an effective strategy for helping society to face these challenges, as fractional doses may have efficacies comparable with those of the standard doses.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the relationship between vaccine immunogenicity and protection and to project efficacies of fractional doses of vaccines for COVID-19 by using neutralizing antibody levels.

Methods
In this study, we analyzed the relationship between in vitro neutralization levels and the observed efficacies against both asymptomatic infection and symptomatic infection, using data from 13 studies of 10 COVID-19 vaccines and from convalescent cohorts. We further projected efficacies for fractional doses, using neutralization as an intermediate variable, based on immunogenicity data from 51 studies included in our systematic review.

Results
In comparisons with the convalescent level, vaccine efficacy against asymptomatic infection and symptomatic infection increased from 8.8% (95% CI 1.4%-16.1%) to 71.8% (95% CI 63%-80.7%) and from 33.6% (95% CI 23.6%-43.6%) to 98.6% (95% CI 97.6%-99.7%), respectively, as the mean neutralization level increased from 0.1 to 10 folds of the convalescent level. Additionally, mRNA vaccines provided the strongest protection, which decreased slowly for fractional dosing with dosages between 50% and 100% of the standard dose. We also observed that although vaccine efficacy increased with the mean neutralization level, the rate of this increase was slower for vaccine efficacy against asymptomatic infection than for vaccine efficacy against symptomatic infection.

Conclusions
Our results are consistent with studies on immune protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on our study, we expect that fractional-dose vaccination could provide partial immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the efficacy of fractional-dose vaccines, serving as reference evidence for implementing fractional dosing vaccine policies in areas facing vaccine shortages and thereby mitigating disease burden. Fractional-dose vaccination could be a viable vaccination strategy comparable to full-dose vaccination and deserves further exploration.
Age Differences in Electronic Mental Health Literacy: Qualitative Study
Authors: Xu Richard Huan , Tian Lidan , Zhu Liling , Cao Yuan , Chan Sherry Kit-wa , Dong Dong , Cheung Wai-ling Annie , Wong Eliza Lai-yi 
Published: July 2024

Background
Electronic mental health literacy (eMHL) is critical for accessing and effectively using digital mental health resources. However, there is a paucity of research on how eMHL varies across age groups.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate differences in eMHL among young, middle-aged, and older adults; provide insights into the needs, behaviors, and attitudes of different age groups in relation to digital mental health resources; and ultimately, inform the improvement of mental health services.

Methods
A qualitative investigation was conducted to examine the differences in eMHL across different age demographics in the Chinese population in 2023. The study sample comprised 3 distinct age groups: 18-34 years, 35-64 years, and 65 years and older. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling to ensure a diverse representation of the population. Data were collected through semistructured one-on-one interviews, which allowed for in-depth exploration of individual experiences and perceptions. The gathered data were subsequently subjected to rigorous thematic analysis to enable the identification and interpretation of recurring patterns and themes.

Results
The principal outcomes derived from these interviews were synthesized into 5 distinct dimensions: emotional needs, use of digital mental health resources, assessment of digital mental health information, engagement with social media to regulate emotions, and coping strategies. These dimensions were uniformly observed across the 3 age groups.

Conclusions
We identified differences in knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding the use of web-based information for managing mental health problems between the 3 age groups. The findings highlight the importance of age-specific strategies for improving eMHL.
Shaping Adoption and Sustained Use Across the Maternal Journey: Qualitative Study on Perceived Usability and Credibility in Digital Health Tools
Authors: Ng Wei Ying , Lau Ni Yin , Lee V Vien , Vijayakumar Smrithi , Leong Qiao Ying , Ooi Shu Qin Delicia , Su Lin Lin , Lee Yung Seng , Chan Shiao-Yng , Blasiak Agata , Ho Dean 
Published: July 2024

Background
Maternal and child health outcomes are positively influenced by early intervention, and digital health (DH) tools provide the potential for a low-cost and scalable solution such as informational platforms or digital tracking tools. Despite the wide availability of DH tools out there for women from before to after pregnancy, user engagement remains low.

Objective
This study aims to explore the factors that shape women’s DH adoption and sustained use across the maternal journey from preconception to postbirth, to improve user engagement with DH tools.

Methods
One-hour semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 44 women from before to after pregnancy (age range 21-40 years) about their experiences with DH. This study is part of a larger study on women’s maternal experiences with health care and DH and focuses on the factors that affected women’s DH adoption and sustained use. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Five main themes and 10 subthemes were identified that affected women’s adoption and sustained use of DH tools. These included themes on their preexisting attitudes to DH, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived credibility, and perceived value of the tool.

Conclusions
The themes that emerged were fully or partially mapped according to the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 model. The applicability of the model and the need to consider specific cultural nuances in the Asian context (such as the importance of trust and social influence) are discussed. The interaction of the 5 themes with DH adoption and sustained use are explored with different themes being relevant at various points of the DH adoption journey. The insights gained serve to inform future DH design and implementation of tools for women to optimize their DH engagement and the benefits they derive from it.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05099900; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05099900
A Related Study between Language and Gender
Authors: Wu Qi 
Published: July 2024

Nowadays as we all know, English is one of the most widely used languages in the world and Chinese is also the language that is used by most population in the world. English is a part of the Indo-European while Chinese belongs to Han-Tibetan languages. They have different historical development trajectories and choose different written systems. English and Chinese are both important representatives of Eastern and Western cultures. If you conduct comparative study of these two languages, it is helpful to understand the essential features of the language and reveal the deep structure of the Eastern and Western cultures. Studying gender discrimination in English and Chinese languages comprehensively and systematically, which is contrasting the similarities and differences between languages and cultures of English and Chinese, can provide a reference for understanding language, culture, thinking and national psychology. It can also improve the understanding of languages and cultures.
Implementasi Community Based-Tourism dalam Mendukung Pariwisata Berkelanjutan
Authors: Anarini Dilla Taxsia Pratitah , Parwati Komang Shanty Muni , Hendrajana I Gusti Made Riko , Amir Firlie Lanovia 
Published: July 2024

Desa Wisata Blimbingsari memiliki potensi serta sumber daya yang dapat dikembangkan serta dikelola dengan adanya keterikatan partisipasi masyarakat. Potensi wisata dimiliki dikolaborasikan dengan partisipasi masyarakat secara maksimal agar dapat mencapai dimensi dari implementasi Community Based Tourism sehingga mampu mendukung mewujudkan pariwisata berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk 1). Mengetahui potensi wisata alam dan budaya di Desa Wisata Blimbingsari, 2). Mengetahui bentuk keterlibatan partisipasi masyarakat, dan 3). Mengetahui keberhasilan CBT dalam pengelolaan desa wisata mewujudkan pariwisata secara keberlanjutan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Narasumber penelitian ini merupakan pihak- pihak yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan desa wisata yaitu Perbekel, BUMDES, KomitePariwisata dan Masyarakat Desa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan desa wisata sudah melaksanakan dari indikator CBT yaitu dimensi ekonomi, lingkungan, budaya, sosial dan politik. Namun, dalam dimensi politik terdapat kelemahan pada tingkat keberhasilan indikator dikarenakan belum timbulnya peran secara optimal dari kaula muda berpatisipasi dalam kegiatan wisata.

Blimbingsari Tourism Village has potential and resources that can be developed and managed with the attachment of community participation. Tourism potential is collaborated with maximum community participation can achieve the dimensions of the implementation of Community Based Tourism so that it can support the realisation of sustainable tourism. The purpose of this research is to 1). Know the natural and cultural tourism potential of Blimbingsari Tourism Village, 2). Knowing the form of community participation involvement, and 3). Knowing the success of CBT in managing tourist villages to realise sustainable tourism. The research method used used a qualitative approach. Data were collected using observation, interview and documentation techniques. The sources of this research are the parties involved in the management of tourist villages, namely Perbekel, BUMDES, Tourism Committee and Village Community. The results of this study indicate that the development of tourist villages has implemented the CBT indicators, namely the economic, environmental, cultural, social and political dimensions. However, in the political dimension there is a lack of success rate indicators because young people have not optimally participated in tourism activities.
Micromodelamiento de un acero doble fase empleando una micrografía idealizada generada por diagramas de Voronoi
Authors: Ruiz Cuero Yors , Bohórquez Ávila Carlos Arturo 
Published: July 2024

Los aceros doble fase (DP) son aceros de alta resistencia utilizados principalmente en la producción de carrocería para vehículos, actualmente alrededor del 74% de los componentes estructurales se fabrican en este tipo de material. Estos aceros DP están compuestos por una matriz de ferrita blanda, con una fase dura, martensita. En esta investigación se vinculan propiedades mecánicas características de estos materiales, estableciendo dependencia entre fracciones volumétricas de cada fase son desarrolladas simulaciones del comportamiento mecánico en diferentes situaciones. Implementando un modelo de plasticidad bilineal 2D a partir de la sinergia de tres programas de diseño, se generaron regiones de la fase martensítica del material en un espacio 3D. De la misma manera, estas inclusiones se parametrizaron y modelaron junto con una matriz ferrítica. Luego, utilizando FEM para simular el micromodelado 3D (RVE), se obtienen diagramas de tensión-deformación. Finalmente, los resultados demuestran desviaciones del 10% en promedio de los valores experimentales.
The Ties That Bind: A Systematic Review of Behavioral Research on Social Bonds and Social Ties in Accounting
Authors: Brown J. Owen , Deng Emily K. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
We provide a comprehensive review and synthesis of behavioral accounting research on social bonds and social ties. Social bonds represent a person’s subjective sense of interpersonal closeness or connectedness with another, whereas social ties are the relationship networks that connect individuals with one another. We identify 75 articles published in leading accounting journals relevant to our review. The primary contexts examined by prior research that give rise to these social connections include auditors’ identification with their clients, team member identification, and social network ties between client executives, board members, and their various external stakeholders. We structure our synthesis around the antecedents, moderators, and outcomes of these social connections. Cumulatively, our synthesis findings reveal a rich, complex setting where social bonds can sometimes benefit financial reporting and audit quality by promoting proactive knowledge sharing and sometimes harm the financial reporting process by prompting undue favoritism and increased acquiescence.
Data Availability: All data used in this project are available through the Google Scholar database.
JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M42.