bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lattice Manipulation with Di‐Tertiary Ammonium Spacer in Bismuth Bromide Perovskite Directs Efficient Charge Transport and Suppressed Ion Migration for Photodetector Applications
Authors: Yu Zixian , Kuang Kuan , Li Mingkai , Xiao Xingfu , He Biqi , Cao Sheng , Tang Junjie , He Yunbin , Chen Junnian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBismuth halide hybrid perovskites have emerged as promising alternatives to their lead halide homologs because of high chemical stability, low toxicity, and structural diversity. However, their advancements in optoelectronic field are plagued with poor charge transport, due to considerable microstrain triggered by bulky spacer. Herein, the di‐tertiary ammonium spacer (N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐butanediammonium, TMBD) is explored to direct stable 1D bismuth bromide lattice structure with relaxed microstrain. Compared to the primary pentamethylenediamine (PD)2+, the (TMBD)2+ adopting alternating alignment enables a unique H‐bonds mode to distort the configuration of inorganic layers to form corner‐sharing [BiBr5] near‐regular chains with narrower bandgap, lower exciton binding energy, and reduced carrier–lattice interactions, thereby facilitating charge‐carrier transport. Moreover, the (TMBD)2+ spacers largely suppress ion migration in perovskite lattice, as substantiated by the experimental and theoretical investigations. Consequently, (TMBD)BiBr5 single crystal photodetector delivers a 185‐fold increase in current on/off ratio with respect to (PD)BiBr5 under white light irradiation, considerable responsivity (≈82.97 mA W−1), detectivity (≈8.06 ×1011 Jones) under weak light (0.02 mW cm−2) irradiation, in the top rank of the reported hybrid bismuth halide perovskites. This finding offers novel design criterion for high‐performance lead‐free perovskites.
On the Resolution Limit of Electrohydrodynamic Redox 3D Printing
Authors: Menétrey Maxence , Kupferschmid Cédric , Gerstl Stephan , Spolenak Ralph 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) will empower the next breakthroughs in nanotechnology by combining unmatched geometrical freedom with nanometric resolution. Despite recent advances, no micro‐AM technique has been able to synthesize functional nanostructures with excellent metal quality and sub‐100 nm resolution. Here, significant breakthroughs in electrohydrodynamic redox 3D printing (EHD‐RP) are reported by directly fabricating high‐purity Cu (>98 at.%) with adjustable voxel size from >6µm down to 50 nm. This unique tunability of the feature size is achieved by managing in‐flight solvent evaporation of the ion‐loaded droplet to either trigger or prevent the Coulomb explosion. In the first case, the landing of confined droplets on the substrate allows the fabrication of high‐aspect‐ratio 50 nm‐wide nanopillars, while in the second, droplet disintegration leads to large‐area spray deposition. It is discussed that the reported pillar width corresponds to the ultimate resolution achievable by EHD printing. The unrivaled feature size and growth rate (>100 voxel s–1) enable the direct manufacturing of 30 µm‐tall atom probe tomography (APT) tips that unveil the pristine microstructure and chemistry of the deposit. This method opens up prospects for the development of novel materials for 3D nano‐printing.
Hectogram‐Scale Synthesis of Visible Light Excitable Room Temperature Phosphorescence Carbon Dots
Authors: Wu Huilin , Kang Yuxuan , Jiang Shunnan , Wang Kaiti , Qu Lunjun , Yang Chaolong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) based room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials can be prepared via facile procedures and exhibit excellent photostability and biocompatibility. Furthermore, doping of hetero‐atoms into CDs can afford multiple triplet levels. The RTP emission generated from the resultant CDs always displays outstanding dynamic behaviors and even can be efficiently excited by visible light. Given this, CDs‐based RTP materials not only can be used for anti‐counterfeiting but also exhibit great application potential in signage and illumination fields. In this contribution, a type of B, N, and P co‐doped CDs are prepared in hectogram scale. Upon excitation by UV lamp and white LED, the obtained CDs emit green and yellow RTP, respectively, the lifetime of which are 851 and 481 ms, respectively. It is found that the luminescence color of the CDs can be further tuned. By controlling the degree of carbonization, the RTP color of the CDs can be facilely tuned from green to orange‐red. Based on an energy transfer strategy, the luminescence color can be further tuned to red. Benefited from the dynamic and visible‐excited colorful RTP emission, the application of these obtained CDs in anti‐counterfeiting, fingerprint collection, and luminescent traffic signage are also explored.
High‐Yield Production of High‐κ/Metal Gate Nanopattern Array for 2D Devices via Oxidation‐Assisted Etching Approach
Authors: Hong Weida , Zhang Jiejun , Zeng Daobing , Wang Chen , Xue Zhongying , Zhang Miao , Tian Ziao , Di Zengfeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract2D materials with atomically thin nature are promising to develop scaled transistors and enable the extreme miniaturization of electronic components. However, batch manufacturing of top‐gate 2D transistors remains a challenge since gate dielectrics or gate electrodes transferred from 2D material easily peel away as gate pitch decreases to the nanometer scale during lift‐off processes. In this study, an oxidation‐assisted etching technique is developed for batch manufacturing of nanopatterned high‐κ/metal gate (HKMG) stacks on 2D materials. This strategy produces nano‐pitch self‐oxidized Al2O3/Al patterns with a resolution of 150 nm on 2D channel material, including graphene, MoS2, and WS2 without introducing any additional damage. Through a gate‐first technology in which the Al2O3/Al gate stacks are used as a mask for the formation of source and drain, a short‐channel HKMG MoS2 transistor with a nearly ideal subthreshold swing (SS) of 61 mV dec−1, and HKMG graphene transistor with a cut‐off frequency of 150 GHz are achieved. Moreover, both graphene and MoS2 HKMG transistor arrays exhibit high uniformity. The study may bring the potential for the massive production of large‐scale integrated circuits using 2D materials.
Anionic Metal–Organic Framework Derived Cu Catalyst for Selective CO2 Electroreduction to Hydrocarbons
Authors: Wen Chun Fang , Yang Shuang , He Jing Jing , Niu Qiang , Liu Peng Fei , Yang Hua Gui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs)‐related Cu materials are promising candidates for promoting electrochemical CO2 reduction to produce valuable chemical feedstocks. However, many MOF materials inevitable undergo reconstruction under reduction conditions; therefore, exploiting the restructuring of MOF materials is of importance for the rational design of high‐performance catalyst targeting multi‐carbon products (C2). Herein, a facile solvent process is choosed to fabricate HKUST‐1 with an anionic framework (a‐HKUST‐1) and utilize it as a pre‐catalyst for alkaline CO2RR. The a‐HKUST‐1 catalyst can be electrochemically reduced into Cu with significant structural reconstruction under operating reaction conditions. The anionic HKUST‐1 derived Cu catalyst (aHD–Cu) delivers a FEC2H4 of 56% and FEC2 of ≈80% at −150 mA cm−2 in alkaline electrolyte. The resulting aHD‐Cu catalyst has a high electrochemically active surface area and low coordinated sites. In situ Raman spectroscopy indicates that the aHD–Cu surface displays higher coverage of *CO intermediates, which favors the production of hydrocarbons.
Ultralow Thermal Conductivity in Vacancy‐Ordered Halide Perovskite Cs3Bi2Br9 with Strong Anharmonicity and Wave‐Like Tunneling of Low‐Energy Phonons
Authors: Chen Xingyu , Zhou Jiali , Luo Jun , Zhang Jiawei , Qiu Pengfei , Shi Xun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHalide perovskites are of great interest due to their exceptional optical and optoelectronic properties. However, thermal conductivity of many halide perovskites remains unexplored. In this study, an ultralow lattice thermal conductivity κL (0.24 W m−1 K−1 at 300 K) is reported and its weak temperature dependence (≈T−0.27) in an all‐inorganic vacancy‐ordered halide perovskite, Cs3Bi2Br9. The intrinsically ultralow κL can be attributed to the soft low‐lying phonon modes with strong anharmonicity, which have been revealed by combining experimental heat capacity and Raman spectroscopy measurements, and first‐principles calculations. It is shown that the highly anharmonic phonons originate from the Bi 6s2 lone pair expression with antibonding states of Bi 6s and Br 4p orbitals driven by the dynamic BiBr6 octahedral distortion. Theoretical calculations reveal that these low‐energy phonons are mostly contributed by large Br motions induced dynamic distortion of BiBr6 octahedra and large Cs rattling motions, verified by the synchrotron X‐ray pair distribution function analysis. In addition, the weak temperature dependence of κL can be traced to the wave‐like tunneling of phonons, induced by the low‐lying phonon modes. This work reveals the strong anharmonicity and wave‐like tunneling of low‐energy phonons for designing efficient vacancy‐ordered halide perovskites with intrinsically low κL.
A Versatile Redox‐Active Electrolyte for Solid Fixation of Polyiodide and Dendrite‐Free Operation in Sustainable Aqueous Zinc‐Iodine Batteries
Authors: Back Seungho , Xu Liangliang , Moon Joonhee , Kim Jinuk , Liu Yanan , Yi Seung Yeop , Choi Daeeun , Lee Jinwoo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPractical utilization of zinc‐iodine (Zn‐I2) batteries is hindered by significant challenges, primarily stemming from the polyiodide shuttle effect on the cathode and dendrite growth on the anode. Herein, a feasible redox‐active electrolyte has been introduced with tetraethylammonium iodide as an additive that simultaneously addresses the above mentioned challenges via polyiodide solidification on the cathode and the electrostatic shielding effect on the anode. The tetraethylammonium (TEA+) captures water‐soluble polyiodide intermediates (I3−, I5−), forming a solid complex at the cathode, thereby suppressing capacity loss during charge/discharge. Furthermore, the TEA+ mitigates dendrite growth on the Zn anode via the electrostatic shielding effect, promoting uniform and compact Zn deposition at the anode. Consequently, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell demonstrates superior cycling stability during Zn plating/stripping over 4,200 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2. The Zn||NiNC full‐cell exhibits a stable capacity retention of 98.4% after 20 000 cycles (>5 months) with near‐unity Coulombic efficiency at 1 A g−1. The study provides novel insights for establishing a new direction for low‐cost, sustainable, and long‐lifespan Zn‐I2 batteries.
Heat‐Flow‐Driven Nonequilibria for Prebiotic Chemistry
Authors: Mast Christof B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe origin of life, being one of the most fascinating questions in science, is increasingly addressed by interdisciplinary research. In addition to developing plausible chemical models for synthesizing the first biomolecules from prebiotic building blocks, searching for suitable and plausible non‐equilibrium boundary conditions that drive such reactions is thus a central task in this endeavor. This perspective highlights the remarkably simple yet versatile scenario of heat flows in geologically plausible crack‐like compartments as a habitat for prebiotic chemistry. Based on our recent findings, it is discussed how thermophoretically driven systems offer insights into solving key milestones in the origin of life research, such as the template inhibition problem, prebiotic symmetry breaking, and the promotion of prebiotic chemistry by selective enrichment of biochemical precursors. Our results on molecular‐selective thermogravitational accumulation, heat flow‐induced pH gradients, and environmental cycles are put in the context of other approaches to non‐equilibrium systems and prebiotic chemistry. The coupling of heat flows to chemical and physical boundary conditions thus opens up numerous future experimental research avenues, such as the extraction of phosphate from geomaterials or the integration of chemical reaction networks into thermal non‐equilibrium systems, offering a promising framework for advancing the field of prebiotic chemistry.
Utilization of Reactive Nitrogen Compounds for Nitrogen Circular Economy
Authors: Kimura Tatsuo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNitrogen oxides (NOx) should be purified according to environmental regulations, being restricted increasingly year by year. A wide variety of denitration technologies, such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx to nitrogen (N2) and NOx storage reduction (NSR) to N2 by injecting reducing agents like ammonia (NH3), has so far been developed practically. Sophisticated catalytic approaches are perhaps mandatory for the sustainability in energy including complete purification of NOx. As one of the solutions to overcome problems for environment and resource simultaneously, this concept article focuses on the utilization of reactive nitrogen (Nr) compounds, mainly NOx, for encouraging an opening to consider nitrogen circular economy. For the recycling of NOx via NH3, a challenging but rational catalytic technology can be proposed by an alternate switching the inlet gas between NOx containing oxidative gas and H2 containing reductive one without an operation to change the reaction temperature. Considering the reactivity of NOx higher than that of N2, this kind of NOx to NH3 (NTA) process is promising for synthesizing NH3, being valuable not only as fertilizer but also as fuel in near future.
Potential contribution of foodscaping to food security in the Gulf region: Case study of Al Ain city of UAE
Authors: Alam Ayesha , Gabriel‐Neumann Elke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSince 1995, foodscaping has been given a variety of definitions, while scientifically accurate ones are still a point of debate. The partial substitution of aesthetic edible crops into green landscapes without compromising their recreational purpose falls as an accurate scientific definition of foodscaping. The recreational urban green places that are aesthetically pleasing and sites of tourism are the potential places in which foodscaping can be integrated, such as public parks, exterior of commercial buildings, roadside belts, farmland oases, and privately managed green spaces. In the Gulf region, foodscaping could enhance conventional landscaping and become a resource‐saving substitute for food production posing multiple benefits for urban dwellers. Based on the theoretical evaluation in the Al Ain city of UAE, the 30% substitution of foodscaping annual crops into functional greenery could increase the edible harvest by more than 50% at the rate of 31.49 t/ha per year of the existing fruits and vegetables requirement of 212,211 t per year of the city. Besides pros, there are cons to every facet, which in this case are the risk assessment and biosafety measures, which might be the critical aspects to be analyzed further. Nevertheless, foodscaping has been proposed to develop community awareness of urban landscaping and foodscaping synergies in arid land ecosystems to overcome the need for food security and scarce water resources.
Magnetic single‐anastomosis side‐to‐side duodeno‐ileostomy for revision of sleeve gastrectomy in adults with severe obesity: 1‐year outcomes
Authors: Gagner Michel , Almutlaq Lamees , Gnanhoue Gismonde , Buchwald J. N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionUncomplicated surgical approaches that minimize anastomotic complications while improving revisional metabolic/bariatric surgical (MBS) outcomes are needed.MethodsThis prospective single‐center study assessed the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the novel linear magnetic anastomosis system (LMAS [3 cm]) in performing a side‐to‐side duodeno‐ileostomy (MagDI) bipartition to revise clinically suboptimal primary sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Patients with severe obesity with/without type 2 diabetes (T2D) with suboptimal weight loss, regain, and/or T2D recurrence post SG underwent revisional MagDI. A distal and proximal magnet were delivered endoscopically to the ileum and duodenum and aligned via laparoscopic assistance. Gradual magnet fusion formed a DI bipartition. Primary endpoints: technical feasibility, safety (Clavien‐Dindo [CD] severe adverse event classification) at 1 year. Secondary endpoints: MBS weight and T2D reduction.ResultsJuly 29, 2022–March 28, 2023, 24 patients (95.8% female, mean age 44.9 ± 1.5 years, and body mass index [BMI] 39.4 ± 1.3 kg/m2) underwent MagDI. Feasibility was attained via correct magnet placement (mean operative time 63.5 ± 3.3 min), patent anastomoses created, and magnet passage per anus in 100.0% of patients. There were 4 CD‐III mild or moderate severe AEs, 0.0% associated with the LMAS or MagDI: 0.0% anastomotic leakage, obstruction, bleeding, infection, reintervention, or death. Mean BMI reduction was 2.1 kg/m2 (p < 0.05); total weight loss 5.3%, excess weight loss 16.4%; and the patient with T2D improved.ConclusionThe single‐anastomosis MagDI procedure using the novel 3‐cm LMAS to revise clinically suboptimal SG was technically straightforward, incurred no major complications, mitigated weight regain, and renewed clinically meaningful weight loss.Clinicaltrials.gov IdentifierNCT05322122.
Cooperation Behavior of Drivers at Inner City Deadlock-Situations
Authors: Strelau Nadine-Rebecca , Imbsweiler Jonas , Pöhler Gloria , Weinreuter Hannes , Heizmann Michael , Deml Barbara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn urban traffic, there are several situations in which the right of way is not regulated. For automated vehicles in mixed traffic to show behavior that is considered acceptable by all parties, the cooperation behavior of drivers in these situations must be understood. An observational study identified several behaviors in these situations at equal narrow passages and T-intersections that can be classified as offensive and defensive. These behaviors were tested in an experiment whether they can communicate the intention to drive or to stop. Drivers respond to defensive behaviors of the cooperation partner by continuing to drive, and stopping when the behavior is offensive. In the equal narrow passage, drivers felt safest when they drove first, whereas at the T-intersection, drivers felt safest when the cooperation partner drove first. In further experiments, it was shown that at T-intersections the entry position has an influence on whether drivers drive first or stop. Pedestrians or other traffic do not have an influence on the behavior. However, if drivers follow a vehicle that is driving ahead of them, they drive first through the deadlock situation. Recommendations for the behavior of automated vehicles in these situations are derived from the findings of the studies.
Measuring and Describing Cooperation Between Road Users—Results from CoMove
Authors: Quante Laura , Stoll Tanja , Baumann Martin , Diera Andor , Földes-Cappellotto Noèmi , Jipp Meike , Schießl Caroline 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSafe and efficient traffic requires that road users interact and cooperate with each other. Especially in situations which are not explicitly regulated, and the right of way is not clearly defined, it is of great importance that road users are able to communicate their own intentions and understand the communication and cooperation behaviour of the other involved road users. When automated vehicles enter the current traffic system, their ability to fit into the system, that is their ability to communicate and cooperate, will determine their success. Therefore, the development of cooperatively interacting, automated vehicles requires detailed knowledge about human cooperation behaviour in traffic, which can only be obtained using appropriate methods and measures. By focusing on road narrowings and lane changing, this chapter gives an overview on how to measure cooperation between road users, considering methods for data collection, subjective and objective measures of cooperation as well as behaviour modeling, to support the systematic research on cooperation in road traffic. This overview is extended by findings from studies conducted within CoInCar, including results on factors influencing human behaviour in cooperative situations, either in a manual or an automated setting, and initial findings from modeling the cognitive processes underlying cooperative driving behaviour.
Analysis and Simulation of Driving Behavior at Inner City Intersections
Authors: Weinreuter Hannes , Strelau Nadine-Rebecca , Deml Barbara , Heizmann Michael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInner city intersections are a challenging scenario for human drivers as well as for the development of autonomous vehicles. This is especially the case for unsignalized intersections where theright before leftrule applies. At these intersections, ambiguous situations can arise. In this chapter, we cover two aspects of this intersection type: First, we use driving data from a field study conducted in inner city traffic to analyze the relationship between intersections and human driving behavior. For that, we describe the intersection, its surrounding environment and the traffic there by features that constitute an intersection’s complexity (e.g. street width, visibility conditions, number of cooperation vehicles). With those we are able to predict features describing the driving behavior reliably. Second, we propose a decision making algorithm for unsignalized inner city T-junctions. The algorithm is modeled as a discrete event system and does not rely on any explicit communication. Instead, only the observable state is used. This includes the map, the positions and velocities of the cooperation vehicles and the driving pattern. We introduce the algorithm in detail and present results of a comprehensive simulation for validation. The algorithm is able to drive through all situations in the simulation safely.
Design and Evaluation of V2X Communication Protocols for Cooperatively Interacting Automobiles
Authors: Delooz Quentin , Maksimovski Daniel , Festag Andreas , Facchi Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter studies two key communication services for the support of cooperative driving capabilities using Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications: sensor data sharing and maneuver coordination. Based on the current state of the art in research and pre-standardization of V2X communications, we enhance the protocol design for both services and assess their performance by discrete-event simulations in highway and city scenarios. The first part of this chapter addresses the performance improvement of sensor data sharing by two complementary strategies. The shared sensor data are adapted to the available resources on the used channel. Furthermore, the redundancy of the transmitted information is reduced to lower the load on the wireless channel, whereas several approaches are proposed and assessed. The second part of the chapter analyzes cooperative maneuver coordination protocols. We propose a distributed approach based on the explicit exchange of V2X messages, which introduces priorities in maneuver coordination and studies several communication patterns for the negotiation and coordination of maneuvers among two and more vehicles. The results demonstrate the potential of V2X communications for automated driving, showcase several approaches for enhancements of sensor data sharing and maneuver coordination, and indicate the performance of these enhancements.