bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periprocedural Arterial Spin Labeling and Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion in Detection of Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients With Acute Ischemic Syndrome
Authors: Nael Kambiz , Meshksar Arash , Liebeskind David S. , Wang Danny J.J. , Ellingson Benjamin M. , Salamon Noriko , Villablanca Juan Pablo 
Published: February 2013

Background and Purpose—
To compare the diagnostic performance of arterial spin-labeling (ASL) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion in detecting cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes before and after endovascular recanalization in acute ischemic syndrome.

Methods—

The inclusion criteria for this retrospective study were patients with acute ischemic syndrome who underwent endovascular recanalization and acquisition of both ASL and DSC before and after revascularization. ASL-CBF and multiparametric DSC maps were evaluated for image quality, location, and type of perfusion abnormality. Relative CBF (rCBF) was calculated in the infarction core and hypoperfused areas using coregistered ASL and DSC. Core and hypoperfused rCBF were used for paired pretreatment and posttreatment comparisons. Interobserver and intermodality agreement were evaluated by κ test, and
t
test was calculated for ASL and DSC rCBF values.

Results—
Twenty-five patients met our inclusion criteria. Five studies were rated nondiagnostic, resulting in 45 pairs of DSC–ASL available for comparison. ASL and DSC agreed on type and location of the perfusion abnormality in 71% and 80% of cases, respectively. The image quality of ASL was lower than DSC, resulting in interobserver variability for the type (κ=0.45) and location (κ=0.56) of perfusion abnormality. ASL was unable to show any type of perfusion abnormality in 11% of patients. In successfully recanalized patients, hyperperfusion (rCBF >1) was detected in 100% on DSC and 47% on ASL.

Conclusions—
ASL is less sensitive than DSC for detecting rCBF changes in patients with acute ischemic syndrome, particularly with respect to hyperperfusion after successful recanalization.
Effects of catechins and low temperature on embryonic development and hatching in Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Masler Edward P. , Masler Edward P. , Rogers Stephen T. , Masler Edward P. , Rogers Stephen T. , Chitwood David J. 
Published: February 2013

Mimics of two natural influences, a chemical similar to one present in cyst nematodes and low temperature exposure of nematode eggs, were evaluated for their effects on quantitative and qualitative features of embryonic development and hatching. The polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), an analogue of a compound found in nematode cysts, reduced hatch from both Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita eggs. Reduction was by 22.7% in H. glycines and 68.5% in M. incognita at 14 days after exposure to 1.0 mM EGCG. Significant reductions in hatch were observed at 7 days after exposure in H. glycines eggs, and as early as 5 days in M. incognita. Half-maximal percentage hatch was delayed by 0.6 days in H. glycines and 1.1 days in M. incognita (16.2 and 18.3%, respectively). Decreased hatch was associated primarily with an increase in unhatched, but viable, second-stage juveniles (J2). Hatch levels could be completely restored by day 14 in both species if EGCG was replaced with water on day 3. Replacement on day 7 partially restored hatch in M. incognita but was not effective in H. glycines. Inhibition of chitinase activity by EGCG suggests one factor in J2 retention in the egg. Exposure to low temperature decreased hatch by ca 50% in both species but without accumulation of unhatched J2. This stage peaked on day 3 in H. glycines-treated eggs, and on day 7 in M. incognita. However, response to low temperature in each species was characterised by developmental arrest at the first-stage juvenile.
A rapid in vitro bioassay system for testing resistance factors of pine trees to Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Authors: Fujia Zhang , Fujia Zhang , Mori Yasuhiro , Fujia Zhang , Mori Yasuhiro , Tsutsumi Yuji , Fujia Zhang , Mori Yasuhiro , Tsutsumi Yuji , Kondo Ryuichiro 
Published: February 2013

Understanding resistance mechanisms to pine wilt disease is essential to a successful breeding programme because plant selection cannot always guarantee absolute resistance against every isolate of the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. To examine resistance factors in Japanese black pine, Pinus thunbergii, we devised a novel in vitro bioassay system in which we tested proliferation of pine wood nematodes co-cultured with wood slices or methanol extracts from pines. Proliferation of pine wood nematodes was inhibited in assays with fresh wood slices from resistant Japanese black pines but not with susceptible pine or without wood slices (control). When resistant wood slices were extracted by methanol, the inhibition effect of proliferation of pine wood nematodes was diminished, whereas methanol extraction from susceptible wood slices did not affect the proliferation. To verify whether nematode proliferation was inhibited by pine extracts, methanol extracts were loaded on paper disks and used in the assay. Populations of pine wood nematodes were significantly suppressed when methanol extracts originated from a resistant pine, but not from a susceptible pine. These results strongly suggest that methanol extracts from resistant pine trees contain the inhibitors of pine wood nematode proliferation. This bioassay system is available not only for identifying inhibitors of pine wood nematode proliferation but also for rapid screening of resistant pines.
Evaluating Low-Cloud Simulation from an Upgraded Multiscale Modeling Framework Model. Part I: Sensitivity to Spatial Resolution and Climatology
Authors: Xu Kuan-Man , Cheng Anning 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The multiscale modeling framework, which replaces traditional cloud parameterizations with a 2D cloud-resolving model (CRM) in each atmospheric column, is a promising approach to climate modeling. The CRM component contains an advanced third-order turbulence closure, helping it to better simulate low-level clouds. In this study, two simulations are performed with 1.9° × 2.5° grid spacing but they differ in the vertical resolution. The number of model layers below 700 hPa increases from 6 in one simulation (IP-6L) to 12 in another (IP-12L) to better resolve the boundary layer. The low-cloud horizontal distribution and vertical structures in IP-12L are more realistic and its global mean is higher than in IP-6L and closer to that of CloudSat/Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) observations. The spatial patterns of tropical precipitation are significantly improved; for example, a single intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) in the Pacific, instead of double ITCZs in an earlier study that used coarser horizontal resolution and a different dynamical core in its host general circulation model (GCM), and the intensity of the South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ), and the ITCZ in the Atlantic is more realistic. Many aspects of the global seasonal climatology agree well with observations except for excessive precipitation in the tropics. In terms of spatial correlations and patterns in the tropical/subtropical regions, most surface/vertically integrated properties show greater improvement over the earlier simulation than that with lower vertical resolution. The relationships between low-cloud amount and several large-scale properties are consistent with those observed in five low-cloud regions. There is an imbalance in the surface energy budget, which is an aspect of the model that needs to be improved in the future.
The Gaussian Statistical Predictability of Wind Speeds
Authors: Monahan Adam H. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The statistical predictability of wind speed using Gaussian predictors, relative to the predictability of orthogonal vector wind components, is considered. With the assumption that the vector wind components are Gaussian, analytic expressions for the correlation-based wind speed prediction skill are obtained in terms of the prediction skills of the vector wind components and their statistical moments. It is shown thatat least one of the vector wind components is generally better predicted than the wind speed (often much more so);wind speed predictions constructed from the predictions of vector wind components are more skillful than direct wind speed predictions; andthe linear predictability of wind speed (relative to that of the vector wind components) decreases as the variability in the vector wind increases relative to the mean.
These idealized model results are shown to be broadly consistent with linear predictive skills assessed using observed sea surface wind from the SeaWinds scatterometer. Biases in the model predictions are shown to be related to the degree to which vector wind variations are non-Gaussian.
Modes and Mechanisms of Global Water Vapor Variability over the Twentieth Century
Authors: Zhang Liping , Wu Lixin , Gan Bolan 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The modes and mechanisms of the annual water vapor variations over the twentieth century are investigated based on a newly developed twentieth-century atmospheric reanalysis product. It is found that the leading modes of global water vapor variations over the twentieth century are controlled by global warming, the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO), and ENSO. On the global scale, the variations in water vapor synchronize with the sea surface temperature, which can be explained by the simple thermal Clausius–Clapeyron theory under conditions of constant relative humidity. However, on regional scales, the spatial patterns of water vapor variations associated with global warming, AMO, and ENSO are largely attributed to the atmospheric circulation dynamics, particularly the planetary divergent circulation change induced by the sea surface temperature changes. In the middle and high latitudes, the transient eddy fluxes and thermodynamics also play significant roles.
Instrumenting Wildlife Water Developments to Collect Hydrometeorological Data in Remote Western U.S. Catchments
Authors: Grant Nicholas , Saito Laurel , Weltz Mark , Walker Mark , Daly Christopher , Stewart Kelley , Morris Christo 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In the arid western United States, wildlife water developments, or “guzzlers,” are important water sources for wildlife, and consist of impermeable roof structures designed to intercept precipitation and small tanks for storing water. Guzzlers are typically installed in remote mid- to high-elevation basins, where precipitation data are often scarce. In this study, small-game guzzlers were examined for feasibility as potential sites for improving estimates of climatic parameters in remote Nevada catchments. Instruments measuring liquid precipitation and water level were installed at two guzzler field sites. Although one field site was vandalized during the study, field results indicated that water levels in the tank measured by Hobo pressure transducers corresponded well with precipitation events measured by the Texas Electronics tipping-bucket rain gauge, and that measured data were similar to Parameter–Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) estimates. Minimum temperatures from the guzzler sites were similar to PRISM; however, maximum temperatures were a few degrees higher, possibly because temperature sensors were unshielded. With over 1600 guzzlers in Nevada and thousands more throughout the western United States, this study initiates exploration of the feasibility of augmenting individual guzzler sites to enhance climatic monitoring at a relatively low cost to improve the quality and density of climate observations, benefitting hydrologists, climatologists, and wildlife managers.
A Spectral Deferred Correction Method Applied to the Shallow Water Equations on a Sphere
Authors: Jia Jun , Hill Judith C. , Evans Katherine J. , Fann George I. , Taylor Mark A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Although significant gains have been made in achieving high-order spatial accuracy in global climate modeling, less attention has been given to the impact imposed by low-order temporal discretizations. For long-time simulations, the error accumulation can be significant, indicating a need for higher-order temporal accuracy. A spectral deferred correction (SDC) method is demonstrated of even order, with second- to eighth-order accuracy and A-stability for the temporal discretization of the shallow water equations within the spectral-element High-Order Methods Modeling Environment (HOMME). Because this method is stable and of high order, larger time-step sizes can be taken while still yielding accurate long-time simulations. The spectral deferred correction method has been tested on a suite of popular benchmark problems for the shallow water equations, and when compared to the explicit leapfrog, five-stage Runge–Kutta, and fully implicit (FI) second-order backward differentiation formula (BDF2) time-integration methods, it achieves higher accuracy for the same or larger time-step sizes. One of the benchmark problems, the linear advection of a Gaussian bell height anomaly, is extended to run for longer time periods to mimic climate-length simulations, and the leapfrog integration method exhibited visible degradation for climate length simulations whereas the second-order and higher methods did not. When integrated with higher-order SDC methods, a suite of shallow water test problems is able to replicate the test with better accuracy.
Improving Short-Range Ensemble Kalman Storm Surge Forecasting Using Robust Adaptive Inflation
Authors: Altaf M. U. , Butler T. , Luo X. , Dawson C. , Mayo T. , Hoteit I. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This paper presents a robust ensemble filtering methodology for storm surge forecasting based on the singular evolutive interpolated Kalman (SEIK) filter, which has been implemented in the framework of the H∞ filter. By design, an H∞ filter is more robust than the common Kalman filter in the sense that the estimation error in the H∞ filter has, in general, a finite growth rate with respect to the uncertainties in assimilation. The computational hydrodynamical model used in this study is the Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) model. The authors assimilate data obtained from Hurricanes Katrina and Ike as test cases. The results clearly show that the H∞-based SEIK filter provides more accurate short-range forecasts of storm surge compared to recently reported data assimilation results resulting from the standard SEIK filter.
Complications following dorsal versus volar plate fixation of distal radius fracture: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wei Jie , Yang Tu-Bao , Luo Wei , Qin Jia-Bi , Kong Fan-Jing 
Published: February 2013

Objectives: A meta-analysis to compare complication rates following volar or dorsal surgical fixation of distal radius fracture. Methods: A detailed search of PubMed®/MEDLINE® was undertaken to identify randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials published before 25 August 2012 that compared volar with dorsal fixation, in patients with distal radius fracture. Results: A quantitative meta-analysis of 12 trials (952 patients) was performed. There was no between-group difference in the overall rate of complications. Volar fixation was associated with significant increases in neuropathy (relative risk [RR] 2.19; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.27, 3.76) and carpal tunnel syndrome (RR 4.56; 95% CI 1.02, 20.44), and a reduction in tendon irritation, compared with the dorsal approach (RR 0.38; 95% CI 0.17, 0.86). Conclusions: Dorsal fixation offers a lower risk of neuropathy and carpal tunnel syndrome than the volar approach, but a higher risk of tendon irritation. Patients with a distal radius fracture can expect similar outcomes after volar or dorsal surgery.
Biomechanical Analysis of Brostrom Versus Brostrom-Gould Lateral Ankle Instability Repairs
Authors: Behrens Steve B. , Drakos Mark , Lee Byung J. , Paller Dave , Hoffman Eve , Koruprolu Sarath , DiGiovanni Christopher W. 
Published: February 2013

Background: The traditional Brostrom repair and the modified Brostrom-Gould repair are 2 historically reliable procedures used to address lateral ankle instability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical stability conferred by the Brostrom repair as compared to the Brostrom-Gould modification in an unstable cadaveric ankle model. Methods: A total of 10 cadaveric specimens were placed in a Telos ankle stress apparatus in an anterior-posterior position and then in a lateral position, while a 170 N load was applied to simulate anterior drawer (AD) and talar tilt (TT) tests, respectively. In both circumstances, the ankle was held in 15 degrees of plantarflexion, neutral, and 15 degrees of dorsiflexion, while the movement of the sensors was measured using a video motion analysis system. Measurement of the translation between the talus and tibia in the AD test and the angle between the tibia and talus in the TT test were calculated for specimens in the (1) intact, (2) sectioned (division of the ATFL and CFL), (3) Brostrom repair and (4) Gould modification states. Results: When compared to both the repaired states and the intact states, the sectioned state demonstrated increased inversion and translation at all ankle positions during TT and AD testing. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between the intact state and either of the repaired states. Finally, no difference in the biomechanical stability could be identified between the traditional Brostrom repair and the modified Brostrom-Gould procedure. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that there is no significant biomechanical difference in initial ankle stability conferred by augmenting the traditional Brostrom repair with the Gould modification in this time-zero cadaveric model. Clinical Relevance: These data suggest that the additional reinforcement of an ankle’s lateral ligament complex repair of the ankle with the inferior extensor retinaculum may be marginal at the time of surgery.
The niche of envy: Conceptualization, coping strategies, and the ontogenesis of envy in cultural psychology
Authors: Quintanilla Laura , de López Kristine Jensen 
Published: February 2013

Envy is the religion of the mediocre. It comforts them, it responds to the worries that gnaw at them and finally it rots their souls, allowing them to justify their meanings and their greed until they believe these to be virtues.—Carlos Ruiz Zafón “The niche of envy” is a cross-disciplinary attempt to capture and understand the complex and self-conscious emotion of envy as unfolded within social relationships and cultural settings. One of our main interests concerns how children come to understand envy in ontogenesis. Accordingly, we review existing theoretical approaches to understanding envy and introduce preliminary data about children’s understanding of envy. This paper consists of three sections. In the first section, we define envy by introducing the conditions and components that form part of it. We emphasize the fact that envy is a complex and embodied emotion, which embraces a triadic relationship, social comparison, and inequality. In this section, we also introduce social conditions that may facilitate envy and its consequences, such as hostility and aggression. The second section deals with coping strategies for envy. Here, we integrate research from different disciplines, e.g., socio-cultural, psychological, and anthropological research. Finally, in the third section, we introduce a cross-cultural and developmental view of how envy is embodied. We briefly address and offer a critique of Klein’s psychoanalytic view and present recent results from our cross-cultural studies of the ontogenesis of understanding envy.
Potent obatoclax cytotoxicity and activation of triple death mode killing across infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Urtishak Karen A. , Edwards Alena Y. Z. , Wang Li-San , Hudome Amanda , Robinson Blaine W. , Barrett Jeffrey S. , Cao Kajia , Cory Lori , Moore Jonni S. , Bantly Andrew D. , Yu Qian-Chun , Chen I-Ming L. , Atlas Susan R. , Willman Cheryl L. , Kundu Mondira , Carroll Andrew J. , Heerema Nyla A. , Devidas Meenakshi , Hilden Joanne M. , Dreyer ZoAnn E. , Hunger Stephen P. , Reaman Gregory H. , Felix Carolyn A. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia is sensitive to therapeutic targeting by apoptosis, necoptosis, and autophagy activation whether MLL is rearranged or germline. The disease-specific form of triple death mode killing by obatoclax overcomes the intrinsic resistance of MLL-rearranged infant acute lymphoblastic to cell death.
Recombinant structures expand and contract inter and intragenic diversification at the KIR locus
Authors: Pyo Chul-Woo , Wang Ruihan , Vu Quyen , Cereb Nezih , Yang Soo Young , Duh Fuh-Mei , Wolinsky Steven , Martin Maureen P , Carrington Mary , Geraghty Daniel E 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
The human KIR genes are arranged in at least six major gene-content haplotypes, all of which are combinations of four centromeric and two telomeric motifs. Several less frequent or minor haplotypes also exist, including insertions, deletions, and hybridization of KIR genes derived from the major haplotypes. These haplotype structures and their concomitant linkage disequilibrium among KIR genes suggest that more meaningful correlative data from studies of KIR genetics and complex disease may be achieved by measuring haplotypes of the KIR region in total.

Results
Towards that end, we developed a KIR haplotyping method that reports unambiguous combinations of KIR gene-content haplotypes, including both phase and copy number for each KIR. A total of 37 different gene content haplotypes were detected from 4,512 individuals and new sequence data was derived from haplotypes where the detailed structure was not previously available.

Conclusions
These new structures suggest a number of specific recombinant events during the course of KIR evolution, and add to an expanding diversity of potential new KIR haplotypes derived from gene duplication, deletion, and hybridization.