bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Integration of Heterogeneous Medical Imaging Networks
Authors: Viana-Ferreira Carlos , Ribeiro Luís S , Costa Carlos 
Published: September 2014

Medical imaging is increasing its importance in matters of medical diagnosis and in treatment support. Much is due to computers that have revolutionized medical imaging not only in acquisition process but also in the way it is visualized, stored, exchanged and managed. Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) is an example of how medical imaging takes advantage of computers. To solve problems of interoperability of PACS and medical imaging equipment, the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard was defined and widely implemented in current solutions. More recently, the need to exchange medical data between distinct institutions resulted in Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) initiative that contains a content profile especially conceived for medical imaging exchange: Cross Enterprise Document Sharing for imaging (XDS-i). Moreover, due to application requirements, many solutions developed private networks to support their services. For instance, some applications support enhanced query and retrieve over DICOM objects metadata.
This paper proposes anintegration framework to medical imaging networks that provides protocols interoperability and data federation services. It is an extensible plugin system that supports standard approaches (DICOM and XDS-I), but is also capable of supporting private protocols. The framework is being used in the Dicoogle Open Source PACS.
Each Degree of Glucose Intolerance in Pregnancy Predicts Distinct Trajectories of β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Glycemia in the First 3 Years Postpartum
Authors: Kramer Caroline K. , Swaminathan Balakumar , Hanley Anthony J. , Connelly Philip W. , Sermer Mathew , Zinman Bernard , Retnakaran Ravi 
Published: September 2014

OBJECTIVEGlucose intolerance in pregnancy predicts an increased risk of future type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is proportional to the severity of antepartum dysglycemia (i.e., highest in women with gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM], followed by those with milder dysglycemia). However, the pathophysiologic changes driving this risk are not known. Thus, we evaluated the longitudinal changes in β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and glycemia in the first 3 years postpartum after gestational dysglycemia.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA total of 337 women underwent glucose challenge test (GCT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in pregnancy, followed by repeat OGTT at 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years postpartum. The antepartum GCT/OGTT identified four gestational glucose tolerance groups: GDM (n = 105); gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT; n = 60); abnormal GCT, followed by normal glucose tolerance (NGT) on the OGTT (abnormal GCT NGT; n = 96); and normal GCT with NGT (n = 76).RESULTSAt each of 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years postpartum, the prevalence of glucose intolerance increased from normal GCT NGT to abnormal GCT NGT to GIGT to GDM (all P &lt; 0.001), whereas β-cell function, assessed by the Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-2 (ISSI-2), and insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), progressively decreased across the groups (all P &lt; 0.002). Each group predicted distinct trajectories of ISSI-2, Matsuda index, and fasting and 2-h glucose (all P &lt; 0.001). Notably, GDM, GIGT, and abnormal GCT NGT predicted varying rates of declining β-cell function and insulin sensitivity, as well as rising glycemia, compared with normal GCT NGT.CONCLUSIONSEach degree of gestational glucose intolerance predicts distinct trajectories of β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and glycemia in the first 3 years postpartum that drive their differential risk of future T2DM.
Specific difficulties in education and care process in single motherhood family
Authors: Cudak Sławomir 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Family fulfills important functions of education and care. It fulfills the role of education and development of children. Contemporary, there are more and more singleparent families with a single mother. These families because of the incomplete structure (lack of the father) may have some problems in education and care. The severity of these problems is dependent on the type of the family and of the reason for the incompleteness of a family environment with a single mother
Foul Play in Sport as a Phenomenon Inconsistent with the Rules, yet Acceptable and Desirable: Ethical Conditions
Authors: Kosiewicz Jerzy 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The article has strictly a theoretical and non-empirical character. The author presents examples resulting from various observations. The aim of the paper is to present the causes, functions, and results of fouls, fouling, and foul play. Although fouls do not comply with the rules of games, the paper demonstrates that fouls are often used; they enjoy a quiet acceptance of the sporting world; they are tolerated and accepted; even more, they are often - more or less explicitly - desirable.
The author employed the idiographic method (descriptive), that is, an approach typical for the general methodology applied in the nonempirical humanities and social sciences; the analytical method (referring to the British analytical philosophy);the nomothetic method (explanatory), the approach based on exegesis and hermeneutics of cultural texts utilized in order to create a closer understanding of the phenomenon of foul; the axiological method (evaluating of the use of foul);and the synthetic method, which was mainly used in the summary and the abstract. Author also applied a specific methodology typical for sociology, which refers to interpretationism based, in this case, on a genetic approach (referring to the sources and causes of phenomenon of foul), as well as on a realistic and empathetic approach
The Ethical and Legal Context of Justifying Anti-Doping Attitudes
Authors: Kosiewicz Jerzy 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The reflections presented in the paper are not normative (in general, it can be said, that they do not create moral values and demands). The presented reflections particularly stress the sense, essence, meaning, and identity of sport in the context of moral demands. A disquisition pointing out that sports and sport-related doping can be situated beyond the moral good and evil must be considered precisely as metaethical, and leads in a consciously controversial way to fully defining the identity of sport in general, as well as the identity of particular sports disciplines.
These reflections also refer to the issue concerning the identity of sports philosophy, i.e. general deliberations and specific issues concerning, for example, the factual and cognitive status of normative ethics in sport.
It is impossible to overestimate the role and meaning of metaethical reflection in the context of substantiating moral demands in sports as well as in the context of practical results of expectations. This metaethical reflection not only extends self-knowledge, but also contributes to the metaphilosophy of sports. The degree of the development of self-knowledge - both the metaethics of sports and the metaphilosophy of sports - is also a very important declaration, and a sign of general maturity of the philosophy of sports (Kosiewicz 2008/2009, pp. 5-38)
Western Sport and Spiritualism
Authors: Kosiewicz Jerzy 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Sport activity of achievement-oriented (professional, Olympic, spectacular character) is first of all exposition of rivalry and striving for variously understood sports success (resulting from measurable or discretionary criteria). It refers to winning a competition or taking another expected place as well as to other forms of satisfaction, such as financial gratification or social (political, ethnic, professional) recognition. Spirituality is here neither an aim, nor an expected value - it constitutes rather an additional or redundant quality. A competitor focuses his/her attention first of all on the main aim assumed in planned or current rivalry. Emotional sensations which are experienced by athletes before, during or after competitions testify to mental and emotional stress which accompanies sports combat.
It is also difficult to associate spirituality or spiritualism with sport for all - like, for example, that of health-oriented character - sport of the disabled, physical education, sport of playful character or physical recreation. That difficulty results from the fact that neither spiritualism, nor spirituality inspires for physical activity in the abovementioned fields; neither spiritualism, nor spirituality is the outcome of activity in the realm of sport for all.
Exceptions are constituted by ancient Olympic Games as well as by some experiences connected with recreational forms of tourism mediated through achievement-oriented sport (also by pre-Columbian Native American societies and Maoris aboriginal population of New Zealand).
For example Hellenic Olympic Games were a highly spiritualized form of sports rivalry - including also rivalry in the field of art, and especially in the field of theatre. They were one of numerous forms of religious cult - of worshipping chosen gods from the Olympic pantheon. On the other hand, during mountain hiking and mountain climbing there can appear manifestations of deepened spirituality characteristic for the object of spiritualization of non-religious, quasi-religious or strictly religious qualities.
I would like to explain - at the end of this short abstract - that spiritualism (which should not be confused with spiritism) is - generally speaking - first of all a philosophical term assuming, in ontological and axiological sense, that spiritual reality, self-knowledge, consciousness or mental experiences are components of the human being - components of a higher order having priority over matter. They constitute, in the anthropological context, beings of a higher order than the body.
Spiritualism according to its popular interpretation means spirituality. Qualities which are ascribed to that notion in particular societies can be determined on the basis of empirically oriented sociological research. They make it possible to determine various ways of interpreting and understanding that notion as well as views or attitudes connected with it.
Genetic variation in soluble epoxide hydrolase: association with outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Martini Ross P. , Ward Jonathan , Siler Dominic A. , Eastman Jamie M. , Nelson Jonathan W. , Borkar Rohan N. , Alkayed Nabil J. , Dogan Aclan , Cetas Justin S. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectPatients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are at high risk for delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and stroke. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) play an important role in cerebral blood flow regulation and neuroprotection after brain injury. Polymorphisms in the gene for the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which inactivates EETs, are associated with ischemic stroke risk and neuronal survival after ischemia. This prospective observational study of patients with SAH compares vital and neurologic outcomes based on functional polymorphisms of sEH.MethodsAllelic discrimination based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to differentiate wild-type sEH from K55R heterozygotes (predictive of increased sEH activity and reduced EETs) and R287Q heterozygotes (predictive of decreased sEH activity and increased EETs). The primary outcome was new stroke after SAH. Secondary outcomes were death, Glasgow Outcome Scale score, and neurological deterioration attributable to DCI.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age at admission and Glasgow Coma Scale scores revealed an increase in the odds of new stroke (OR 5.48 [95% CI 1.51–19.91]) and death (OR 7.52 [95% CI 1.27–44.46]) in the K55R group, but no change in the odds of new stroke (OR 0.56 [95% CI 0.16–1.96]) or death (OR 3.09 [95% CI 0.51–18.52]) in patients with R287Q genotype, compared with wild-type sEH. The R287Q genotype was associated with reduced odds of having a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of ≤ 3 (OR 0.23 [95% CI 0.06–0.82]). There were no significant differences in the odds of neurological deterioration due to DCI.ConclusionsGenetic polymorphisms of sEH are associated with neurological and vital outcomes after aneurysmal SAH.
Electromagnetic ice absorption rate at Dome C, Antarctica
Authors: Zirizzotti A. , Cafarella L. , Urbini S. , Baskaradas J.A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractRadio-echo sounding (RES) is a radar technique widely employed in Antarctica and Greenland to define bedrock topography but, over the last decade, it has also played an important role in subglacial lake exploration and hydrogeological studies at the bedrock/ice interface. In recent studies, bedrock characterization has been improved through analysis of radar power echoes to evaluate the electromagnetic (EM) properties of the interface and allow the distinction between wet and dry interfaces. The RES received signal power depends on ice absorption and bedrock reflectivity, which is closely linked to the specific physical condition of the bedrock. In this paper, an evaluation of EM ice absorption was conducted starting from RES measurements collected over subglacial lakes in Antarctica. The idea was to calculate ice absorption starting from the radar equation in the case of subglacial lakes, where the EM reflectivity value is considered a known constant. These values were compared with those obtained from analysis of ice-core dielectric profiles from EPICA ice-core drilling data. Our analysis reveals that the ice absorption rate calculated from RES measurements has an average value of 7.2 dB km−1, and it appears constant, independent of the subglacial lake depth in different zones of the Dome C area.
Sensitivity of mass balance and equilibrium-line altitude to climate change in the French Alps
Authors: Six Delphine , Vincent Christian 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAssessment of the sensitivity of surface mass balance and equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) to climate change is crucial for simulating the future evolution of glaciers. Such an assessment has been carried out using an extensive dataset comprising numerous measurements of snow accumulation and snow and ice ablation made on four French glaciers over the past 16 years. Winter mass balance shows a complicated pattern with respect to altitude, with no clear linear relationship. Although the ratios of winter mass balance to valley precipitation differ considerably from site to site, they are relatively constant over time. Relationships between snow/ice ablation and temperature are stable, with no link with altitude. The mean snow and ice positive degree-day (PDD) factors are 0.003 and 0.0061 m w.e. °C−1 d−1. This analysis shows that, at a given site, ablation depends mainly on the amount of snow precipitation and on cumulative PDDs. The sensitivity of annual ablation to temperature change increases almost linearly from 0.25 m w.e. °C−1 at 3500 m to 1.55 m w.e. °C−1 at 1650 m. ELA sensitivity to temperature change was found to range from 50 to 85 m °C−1.
Clonal growth: Invasion or stability? A comparative study of clonal architecture and diversity in native and introduced lineages of Phragmites australis (Poaceae)
Authors: Douhovnikoff Vladimir , Hazelton Eric L. G. 
Published: September 2014

• Premise of the study: The characteristics of clonal growth that are advantageous in invasive plants can also result in native plants’ ability to resist invasion. In Maine, we compared the clonal architecture and diversity of an invasive lineage (introduced Phragmites) and a noninvasive lineage (native Phragmites) present in much of North America. This study is the first on stand‐scale diversity using a sample size and systematic spatial‐sampling scheme adequate for characterizing clonal structure in Phragmites. Our questions included: (1) Does the structure and extent of clonal growth suggest that the potential for clonal growth contributes to the invasiveness of the introduced lineage? (2) Is clonal growth common in the native lineage, acting as a possible source of ecological resistance and resilience?• Methods: Microsatellite markers were used to measure clonal sizes, architecture, and diversity within each lineage in stands within four marshes in Maine.• Key results: Clonal diversity measures indicated that clonal growth was significantly greater in stands of the native lineage than in the introduced. While lineage was a consistent predictor of clonal diversity relative ranking, the marsh location was a much stronger predictor of the absolute range of these values.• Conclusions: Our results indicate an important role for clonal growth in the space consolidation of native Phragmites and could explain why the introduced lineage, with stronger competitive traits, has not replaced the native where they co‐occur. These results with regard to clone size, size distributions, singleton occurrence, and clonal architecture provide some evidence for stand development that follows a genotypic initial floristics model.
Del naturalismo al neorrealismo: Bernardo Kordon, testigo de su tiempo
Authors: Gasillón María Lourdes 
Published: September 2014

Este trabajo analiza algunos textos narrativos del escritor argentino Bernardo Kordon, que tienen en común la presencia de personajes y espacios marginales característicos del Buenos aires durante las décadas del ´50 y ´60. En el corpus seleccionado, el autor (a través del narrador y los personajes) cuenta, da testimonio y describe, mediante una forma de realismo que no apunta a la denuncia o la crítica, sino que prefiere mostrar diferentes situaciones cotidianas utilizando un lenguaje vulgar y simple. Preferentemente, los protagonistas pertenecen a clases bajas o medio-bajas y representan las formas de vida de una gran parte de la población de Buenos Aires en aquel momento histórico.
Gramaticalización de las expresiones espacio-temporales en español: el caso de las perífrasis de los verbos de movimiento
Authors: Zieliński Andrzej 
Published: September 2014

El presente estudio tiene dos principales objetivos: por una parte, pretende enseñar el complejo y omnipresente proceso de la metaforización espacio-temporal, herencia de nuestros antecesores según muchos ilustres antropólogos. Por la otra, aplicaremos este mecanismo en el análisis semántico- sintáctico de dos construcciones perifrásticas con los verbos de movimiento ir y venir para ver con más claridad los porqués de su cambio sintáctico- semántico, motivado, ante todo, por la subjetivización y el contexto pragmático. Intentaremos, pues, demostrar que la gramaticalización de las perífrasis de los verbos de movimiento se enclava perfectamente en la metaforización espacio-temporal
De adjetivos cronológicos a adjetivos axiológicos: o cómo cualquiera tiempo pasado fue peor
Authors: Casado Velarde Manuel 
Published: September 2014

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar cómo los adjetivos españoles antediluviano, decimonónico, medieval y prehistórico, cuyo significado originario como adjetivos relacionales estaba vinculado a la designación de determinados espacios cronológicos, han adquirido un significado calificativo axiológico, en concreto de carácter negativo y descalificador de lo designado. Este carácter valorativo los convierte en instrumentos léxicos particularmente aptos para el discurso argumentativo. Más específicamente me ocupo de su empleo evaluador despectivo en un corpus de lenguaje periodístico (los diarios ABC y El País en 2010), modalidad de discurso que debe aunar la valoración y la brevedad para el logro de su finalidad persuasiva. El hecho de que las cuatro unidades léxicas enumeradas, relativas todas a épocas anteriores al presente, hayan adquirido un significado negativo –frente a, por ejemplo, actual, contemporáneo, moderno– resulta revelador de un fenómeno cultural concomitante: el predominio de una mentalidad en la que lo pasado, por el simple hecho de serlo, carece de valor; una mentalidad ampliamente extendida que podríamos denominar cronocentrista, para la que, parafraseando a Jorge Manrique, cualquiera tiempo pasado fue peor.
El tiempo en una novela nostálgica: La aldea perdida de Armando Palacio Valdés
Authors: García García María Eloína 
Published: September 2014

La nostalgia es un elemento clave de la novela del asturiano A. Palacio Valdés. La recurrencia continua del narrador a un tiempo pasado, «feliz» y «arcadiano», sirve para que nos planteemos hasta qué punto tiempo y espacio van íntimamente ligados en esta obra. Valdés expone sus ideas filosóficas sobre este concepto a través de una técnica narrativa particular, haciendo un uso muy personal de los tiempos verbales, cosa que ya constatamos desde los primeros capítulos cuando, a modo de profecía, vaticina (en condicional) lo que supondrá la llegada de la minería al «bucólico» valle asturiano.Locuciones referidas al tiempo; fraseología autóctona para expresar la nostalgia por la «inocencia perdida»; o el empleo forzado del pretérito perfecto en sus personajes, serán objeto de nuestra atención; sin desviar la mirada, por supuesto, del tiempo como elemento configurador y vital de una trama donde «todo lo pasado fue mejor».
El factor tiempo en dos ediciones eslovacas de la novela El río oscuro de Alfredo Varela
Authors: Palkovičová Eva 
Published: September 2014

Traducción al eslovaco de la novela El río oscuro del autor argentino Alfredo Varela, publicada en 1951, es la primera obra publicada del actual décano de los hispanistas eslovacos, Vladimír Oleríny. En los años cincuenta, la publicación de esta obra, que «describió la lucha constante de los condenados por reconquistar su dignidad», respondió muy bien a las ideas y exigencias de la literatura de un país socialista. Sin embargo, la reedición de la novela en nuevo contexto del aňo 1968 sufrió retoques llamativos.El estudio enfoca en la influencia del «tiempo colectivo» (la situación política, social y traductológica...) y el «tiempo individual» (el traductor, su posición ideológica, su idiolecto...) en cada una de las ediciones/versiones de esta traducción.
Algunas estrategias de la novela histórica contemporánea: desde un rompecabezas temporal hacia una dimensión intrahistórica
Authors: Cichocka Marta 
Published: September 2014

El horizonte de la narrativa actual ofrece cada vez más interés en cuanto a las diversas estrategias de acercarse al pasado. Lejana y, muchas veces, ingrata heredera de la novela histórica decimonónica, la llamada «metaficción posmoderna» o, más sencillamente, «nueva novela histórica» se ha encargado de diseñar y explorar nuevos horizontes formales, empleando interesantes técnicas asimétricas para contar historias. Uno de los recursos más empleados consiste en alterar la narración cronológica mediante la fragmentación de la temporalidad y el uso de los estilismos temporales – elipsis, prolepsis, analepsis – que tienden a ensamblarse en construcciones no lineales y apelan a la participación activa del lector-detective desconfiado de la supuesta «verdad histórica» o de la «versión autorizada» de los hechos. Simultáneamente, en el marco teórico trazado por los estudios de Paul Ricoeur sobre el tiempo del pasado, la memoria y el olvido, como también por los análisis sicológicos más recientes, las narraciones del pasado adoptan frecuentemente una perspectiva intrahistórica con una vertiente de búsqueda identitaria, cuyo estudio promete nuevas perspectivas metodológicas.