bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Microwave Assisted One‐Pot Synthesis, and Biological Investigations of Some Novel Aryldiazenyl Chromeno Fused Pyrrolidines.
Authors: Parmar Narsidas J. , Pansuriya Bhavesh R. , Barad Hitesh A. , Kant Rajni , Gupta Vivek K. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAn improved method for the synthesis of aryl diazenylchromenopyrrolidines is presented by means of intramolecular 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azamethine ylide from the new aldehyde substrate (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Rh(II)‐Cp*—TsDPEN Catalyzed Aqueous Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Chromenones into Saturated Alcohol: C=C and C=O Reduction in One Step.
Authors: Tang Lei , Lin Zechao , Wang Qiwei , Wang Xiaobei , Cun Linfeng , Yuan Weicheng , Zhu Jin , Deng Jingen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe title rhodium TsDPEN complex efficiently catalyzes the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of chromenones to produce alcohols (II) with excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Trifluoromethylation and Alkynylation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines Using Visible Light Irradiation by Rose Bengal.
Authors: Fu Weijun , Guo Wenbo , Zou Guanglong , Xu Chen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA convenient method for oxidative coupling of tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives (I) with trimethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane (II) and terminal alkynes (IV) via selective C—H activation is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Triphenyl Verdazyl Radicals′ Reactivity with Alkyne Carboxylates as a Synthetic Route to 1‐(Phenyldiazenyl)isoquinoline‐3,4‐dicarboxylates.
Authors: Bancerz Matthew , Prack Ernest , Georges Michael K. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractOnly one isoquinoline product is formed if the starting radical bears either a C‐phenyl or an aryl with ortho‐ or para‐substituent.
ChemInform Abstract: Multi‐Component Solvent‐Free versus Stepwise Solvent Mediated Reactions: Regiospecific Formation of 6‐Trifluoromethyl and 4‐Trifluoromethyl‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines.
Authors: Aggarwal Ranjana , Kumar Virender , Bansal Anshul , Sanz Dionisia , Claramunt Rosa M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe regiospecific synthesis of 6‐fluoromethyl‐pyrazolopyridines (IV) is achieved in high yields via a three‐component reaction under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Steroids from Commiphora mukul Display Antiproliferative Effect Against Human Prostate Cancer PC3 Cells via Induction of Apoptosis.
Authors: Shen Tao , Zhang Li , Wang Yan‐Yan , Fan Pei‐Hong , Wang Xiao‐Ning , Lin Zhao‐Min , Lou Hong‐Xiang 
Published: October 2012

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation and anticancer activity of two new stigmastane‐type steroids (Ia) and (Ib)
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel α‐Amino Acid Functionalized 6‐Fluoro Quinolones, Their Antibacterial Activity and Molecular Docking Studies.
Authors: Rao P. Shanthan , et al. et al. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAmong the novel α‐amino acid functionalized fluoroquinolones, derivative (Ie) is found to be the most active compound.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryne Intermediates in the Synthesis of Polynuclear Heterocyclic Systems
Authors: Kovalev I. S. , Kopchuk D. S. , Zyryanov G. V. , Slepukhin P. A. , Rusinov V. L. , Chupakhin O. N. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractReview: 57 refs.
Robust location estimation with missing data
Authors: Sued Mariela , Yohai Victor J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn a missing data setting, we have a sample in which a vector of explanatory variables ${\bf x}_i$ is observed for every subject i, while scalar responses $y_i$ are missing by happenstance on some individuals. In this work we propose robust estimators of the distribution of the responses assuming missing at random (MAR) data, under a semiparametric regression model. Our approach allows the consistent estimation of any weakly continuous functional of the response's distribution. In particular, strongly consistent estimators of any continuous location functional, such as the median, L‐functionals and M‐functionals, are proposed. A robust fit for the regression model combined with the robust properties of the location functional gives rise to a robust recipe for estimating the location parameter. Robustness is quantified through the breakdown point of the proposed procedure. The asymptotic distribution of the location estimators is also derived. The proofs of the theorems are presented in Supplementary Material available online. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 41: 111–132; 2013 © 2012 Statistical Society of Canada
The Interpersonal Circle and the Interpersonal Octagon: A Confluence of Ideas
Authors: Birtchnell John 
Published: October 2012

This paper compares and contrasts the underlying principles of two conceptual systems—the interpersonal circle and the interpersonal octagon—for classifying and measuring a person's interpersonal tendencies. Both systems have been represented by two intersecting axes: a horizontal one extending from close/warm involvement to distant/cold separation and a vertical one extending from upper/control to lower/submission. In both systems, intermediate axes have been inserted between these two main ones. Where the circle would appear to be concerned with traits, the octagon is concerned with what have been termed states of relatedness. The two systems differ in their explanation and definition of adaptive and maladaptive relating behaviour. Whereas the circle has been closely aligned with the establishment of a bipolar relationship between the poles of the axes and with the mathematical model that is called the circumplex, the octagon has not. The most widely used circle‐based measure is the circumplex version of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. It generates high positive correlations between scales and a large, first general factor, but these imperfections have been corrected by the statistical procedure called ipsatization. The principal octagon‐based measure is the Person's Relating to Others Questionnaire. A number of high positive correlations have been demonstrated between the scales of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems and the corresponding scales of the Person's Relating to Others Questionnaire. Therefore, despite there being differences in the underlying theories, the two questionnaires would appear to be measuring similar constructs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:

The interpersonal circle and the interpersonal octagon are two separate theoretical systems for representing a person's relating tendencies.
Both systems are constructed around a horizontal, close‐distant axis and a vertical, upper‐lower axis.
Both systems acknowledge that relating can be either adaptive or maladaptive, but where the circle incorporates both adaptive and maladaptive forms of relating within the same theoretical structure, there is a separate, adaptive (positive) octagon and and a separate, maladaptive (negative) octagon.
Both systems have a questionnaire for the measurement of a person's general relating tendencies, but the octagon-based questionnaire is designed specifically to measure maladaptive (negative) relating.
Interrelating concerns the relating that occurs between two specified individuals. Questionnaires have been developed by which each individual can record how, within the framework of the octagon, s/he relates (negatively) to the other and how s/he considers that the other relates (negatively) to her/him. There is no interrelating measure that is based upon the circle.
Application of Steroid Hormone Metabolomics in Search of Biomarkers in Clinical Research
Authors: Kotłowska Alicja 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Preclinical Research

Metabolomics is a discipline that concentrates on the global assessment of endogenous metabolites present in a biological system. Metabolic profiling has been applied to cells, tissues, and/or biofluids in order to evaluate disease progress, broaden the understanding of the disorder, and to select potential biomarkers. Steroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of routine functions in the human body, and their measurement in biological samples is essential for the diagnosis of various endocrine disorders. The present overview describes various strategies and analytical techniques applied in metabolomic studies, particularly with reference to the steroid metabolic profiling useful for the search of novel biomarkers.
Integrating the NCI‐60 Data with “Omics” for Drug Discovery
Authors: Burkard Mark E. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Preclinical Research

The National Cancer Institute (NCI)‐60 screening panel represents one of the largest chemical cell line screening endeavors ever undertaken. This screen, starting in the early 1990s, has evaluated the effect of ∼400,000 compounds on the growth of a panel of over 60 human cancer cell lines. The screen and the extensive characterization of the cell lines provide a wealth of data on determinants of drug sensitivity, much of it publicly available. Here, an overview of the data is provided including basic characteristics of cell lines, the variance of 50% growth inhibitory concentration of over 40,000 chemicals, and expression of 17,775 genes across these cell lines. This analysis revealed that only a fraction of compounds have differential sensitivities across lines. For the majority of compounds, the genomic underpinnings of drug sensitivity cannot possibly be discerned from the data as there is no significant variance between cell lines. This limitation applies, surprisingly, to platinum agents and even to tamoxifen, demonstrating the limitation of this screening methodology to capture all differences that predict drug sensitivity in the context of human cancer. In contrast, methotrexate has remarkably disparate effects across cell lines, suggesting that the origin of its sensitivity can be discerned. Correlations of drug sensitivity and gene expression reveal some remarkably robust correlations across the NCI‐60 cell lines, suggesting their value as predictive biomarkers, or perhaps even drug targets. These results demonstrate both the power and limitations of NCI‐60 type screens to identify the determinants of drug sensitivity.
Interrogating Novel Areas of Chemical Space for Drug Discovery using Chemoinformatics
Authors: Medina‐Franco José L. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Preclinical Research

Chemoinformatic approaches have an essential role in the systematic description and visualization of the chemical space for drug discovery projects. These methods enable the quantitative comparison of general screening collections and the systematic classification of approved drugs and databases annotated with biological activity to define biologically and medicinally relevant chemical spaces. Profiling of chemical diversity, molecular complexity, and physicochemical properties of compound libraries using chemoinformatic approaches provide a solid basis to generate hypothesis of how to interrogate novel areas of chemical space for enhanced drug discovery. This commentary is focused on the application of chemoinformatic approaches to mine, and to navigate the chemical space of compound collections. The discussion is centered on the concept of chemical space, types of compound libraries used in drug discovery programs, applications of chemical space mining and visualization using chemoinformatic methods, and strategies to expand the pharmaceutical relevant chemical space with emphasis on the notion of molecular complexity.
Challenges for the Application and Development of Omics Health Technologies in Developing Countries
Authors: Huzair Farah , Borda‐Rodriguez Alexander 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Preclinical Research

Omics technologies and particular applications for diagnostics and pharmacogenomics, can potentially identify disease risk, reduce disease burden, and provide better and more cost‐effective health care. International institutions have recognized that global justice necessitates equity of access to medical technologies for developing and well as developed countries. The promise of the omics technologies may remain unfulfilled for developing countries unless capacities for exploitation and integration are created. These capacities are those that enable contribution efforts to upstream data collection and innovation, and downstream governance and regulation.
Residual beta cell function at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents varies with gender and season
Authors: Samuelsson U. , Lindblad B. , Carlsson A. , Forsander G. , Ivarsson S. , Kockum I. , Lernmark Å. , Marcus C. , Ludvigsson J. ,   Better Diabetes Diagnosis (BDD) study group
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere are seasonal variations and gender differences in incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D), metabolic control and responses to immune interventions at onset of the disease.We hypothesized that there are seasonal and gender differences in residual insulin secretion already at diagnosis of T1D.MethodsIn 2005, a national study, the Better Diabetes Diagnosis, was started to classify all newly diagnosed children and adolescents with diabetes. About 95% (3824/4017) of the patients were classified as T1D, and our analyses are based on the patients with T1D.ResultsC‐peptide was lower in younger children, 0–10 years of age (0.23 ± 0.20 nmol/L) than in older children, 11–18 years of age (0.34 ± 0.28 nmol/L) (p < 0.000 ). There was a seasonal variation in non‐fasting serum C‐peptide, significantly correlated to the seasonal variation of diagnosis (p < 0.01). Most children were diagnosed in January, February and March as well as in October when C‐peptide was highest, whereas fewer patients were diagnosed in April and May when serum C‐peptide was significantly lower (p < 0.01). The seasonal variation of C‐peptide was more pronounced in boys than in girls (p < 0.000 and p < 0.01, respectively). Girls had higher C‐peptide than boys (p < 0.05), especially in early puberty.ConclusionsBoth seasonal and gender differences in residual beta cell function exist already at diagnosis of T1D. These observations have consequences for treatment and for randomizing patients in immune intervention clinical trials. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biofeedback can reduce foot pressure to a safe level and without causing new at‐risk zones in patients with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy
Authors: De León Rodriguez D. , Allet L. , Golay A. , Philippe J. , Assal J.‐Ph. , Hauert C.‐A. , Pataky Z. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundPlantar pressure reduction is mandatory for diabetic foot ulcer healing. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of a new walking strategy learned by biofeedback on plantar pressure distribution under both feet in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.MethodsTerminally augmented biofeedback has been used for foot off‐loading training in 21 patients with diabetic peripheral sensory neuropathy. The biofeedback technique was based on a subjective estimation of performance and objective visual feedback following walking sequences. The patient was considered to have learned a new walking strategy as soon as the peak plantar pressure (PPP) under the previously defined at‐risk zone was within a range of 40–80% of baseline PPP in 70% of the totality of steps and during three consecutive walking sequences. The PPP was measured by a portable in‐shoe foot pressure measurement system (PEDAR®) at baseline (T0), directly after learning (T1) and at 10‐day retention test (T2).ResultsThe PPP under at‐risk zones decreased significantly at T1 (165 ± 9 kPa, p < 0.0001) and T2 (167 ± 11, p = 0.001), as compared with T0 (242 ± 12 kPa) without any increase of the PPP elsewhere.At the contralateral foot (not concerned by off‐loading), the PPP was slightly higher under the lateral midfoot at T1 (68 ± 8 kPa, p = 0.01) and T2 (65 ± 8 kPa, p = 0.01), as compared with T0 (58 ± 6 kPa).ConclusionsThe foot off‐loading by biofeedback leads to a safe and regular plantar pressure distribution without inducing any new ‘at‐risk’ area under both feet. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HVC lesions modify immediate early gene expression in auditory forebrain regions of femalesongbirds
Authors: Lynch Kathleen S. , Kleitz‐Nelson Hayley K. , Ball Gregory F. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIt is well established that auditory forebrain regions of oscine birds are essential for the encoding of species‐typical songs and are, therefore, vital for recognition of song during sociosexual interactions. Regions such as the caudal medial nidopallium (NCM) and the caudal medial mesopallium (CMM) are involved in perceptual processing of song and the formation of auditory memories. There is an additional telencephalic nucleus, however, that has also been implicated in species recognition. This nucleus is HVC, a prominent nucleus that sits at the apex of the song system, and is well known for its critical role in song learning and song production in male songbirds. Here, we explore the functional relationship between auditory forebrain regions (i.e., NCM and CMM) and HVC in female canaries (Serinus canaria). We lesion HVC and examine immediate early gene responses to conspecific song presentation within CMM and NCM to explore whether HVC can modulate auditory responses within these forebrain regions. Our results reveal robust deficits in ZENK‐ir in CMM and NCM of HVC‐lesioned females when compared with control‐ and sham‐lesioned females, indicating that functional connections exists between HVC and NCM/CMM. Although these connected regions have been implicated in song learning and production in males, they likely serve distinct functions in female songbirds that face the task of song recognition rather than song production. Identifying functional connections between HVC and auditory regions involved in song perception is an essential step toward developing a comprehensive understanding of the neural basis of song recognition. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2013
Implementing a dynamic riparian vegetation model in three European river systems
Authors: García‐Arias A. , Francés F. , Ferreira T. , Egger G. , Martínez‐Capel F. , Garófano‐Gómez V. , Andrés‐Doménech I. , Politti E. , Rivaes R. , Rodríguez‐González P. M. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTRiparian ecosystems are required to be preserved to achieve a good ecological status. The Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) specifically supports the assessment of new management tools that allow the European Member States to achieve good ecological status of river‐related ecosystems. Within several approaches, a dynamic riparian vegetation distributed model (CASiMiR‐vegetation), with a time step of 1 year, has been selected as a useful first‐step tool to achieve the Water Framework Directive requirements. The model has been implemented into three river reaches with different climatic and hydrologic settings, located in three European countries. Common bases were established in the model setup. The model was calibrated independently in the Kleblach reach (Drau River, Austria), the Ribeira reach (Odelouca River, Portugal), and the Terde reach (Mijares River, Spain) with simulation periods of 8, 11 and 41 years, respectively. The parameter values and the results were comparable between the different countries. The calibration performance achieved high correctly classified instances (60%). Additionally, weighted kappa values ranged from 0·52 to 0·66 in distinguishing riparian succession phases. The model behaved similarly in the validation, even offering better results in most cases. This work demonstrates the applicability of this model in the simulation of the riparian vegetation dynamic distribution over a wide range of environments. As it performs in a robust manner and with good results in reaches with different hydrological characteristics, the model could be also applied to analyse different hydrological scenarios or to predict changes after restoration measures within a reach. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Visible‐Light‐Triggered Direct Benzoyloxylation of Electron‐Rich Arenes at Room Temperature without Chelation Assistance
Authors: Rao Honghua , Wang Ping , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA RuII photocatalytic method was developed for the direct mono‐benzoyloxylation of electron‐rich aromatic and heteroaromatic systems even with an excess amount of benzoyl peroxide. The reaction was conducted at room temperature under visible light. The direct ArC–H benzoyloxylations occur without the assistance of any directing groups and can also tolerate various functional groups that have already shown diverse reactivities in transition‐metal catalysis.
Investigation of Ni Foam Effect for Direct Borohydride Fuel Cell
Authors: Celik C. , Boyaci San F. G. , Sarac H. I. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNi foam has been used as a substrate for the anode electrocatalyst in our previous works. In this study, the effect of nickel foam as an anode electrode in direct borohydride cells has been investigated under steady state/steady‐flow and uniform state/uniform‐flow systems, since nickel has catalytic property. Cathode catalyst used has been 0.3 mg cm–2 on PTFE‐treated Toray carbon paper. The results have showed that power densities have increased by increasing the temperature. Peak power densities of 5.01 and 9.55 mW cm–2 have been achieved at 25 and 60 °C, respectively, for 1.5 mol dm–3 NaBH4. On the other hand, the electrochemical performance has not been significantly different by the sodium borohydride concentration; only a small increase of power density has been observed in steady state/steady‐flow system, and only a small decrease of fuel utilization ratio has been obtained in uniform state/uniform‐flow systems.
Causes of death in patients with hepatitis B: A natural history cohort study in the United States
Authors: Szpakowski Jean-Luc , Tucker Lue-Yen 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

The natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a U.S. population has not been well described. We identified the causes of death in 6,689 health plan members infected with HBV who were followed between March 1, 1996 and December 31, 2005. Causes of death were grouped into HBV-related (subdivided into decompensated cirrhosis [DCC] and hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]), cancer, cardiovascular, and other/unknown. The study cohort included 3,244 females and 3,445 males; 68.3% were of Asian-Pacific Islander (API) descent, 11.8% were white (non-Hispanic), and 19.9% were of other or unknown race. Exposure to HBV antivirals and preexisting comorbidities were uncommon. Males had higher overall 10-year death rates than females, both for total deaths (8.9% versus 4.1%) and for HBV-related deaths (4.8% versus 1.2%). The death rate rose markedly with increasing age, and approximately 40% of all deaths in subjects over the age of 40 were HBV related. The death rate from HCC was twice that of DCC. HCC deaths represented 70% of cancer deaths in males and 37% in females. On multivariable analysis, when subjects with antecedent HCC and DCC were excluded, the only significant predictor of HBV mortality in both sexes was age. Conclusion: HBV was the cause of death in over 40% of those who died during the study, and the mortality increased markedly with increasing age over 40 in males and over 50 in females. HBV-related mortality was four times more common in males than in females and was as common in non-Asians as in those of API origin. HBV-related deaths were twice as common from HCC as from DCC. (HEPATOLOGY 2013)