bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Context on Player Behavior
Authors: Farolfi Stefano , Désolé Mathieu , Rio Patrick 
Published: January 2015

Background. This article explores the causal effect of context on players’ behavior by using a game based on Cooperative Game Theory (CGT) modified into a coordination experiment. Aims. This article has two aims: first, to suggest an analytical framework focusing on four attributes (Repetition, Illustration, Communication, and Experience) representative of the game’s context; and, second, to use an experimental protocol based on this framework to test hypotheses on how context influences players’ choices. Results. A focal point, different from the expected outcome, emerged in the baseline treatment. In non-repeated treatments, the combination of Illustration and Communication modified the players’ choices observed in the absence of these attributes. However, when tested separately, only Communication proved able to guide players’ choices toward theoretical predictions. When Repetition was introduced, the learning effect was clear in all treatments and both Communication and Illustration produced a dispersion of results. Moreover, Illustration proved to be complementary to Communication in facilitating players’ choices in line with theoretical predictions. Conclusion. These results are preliminary outcomes of a pilot experimental assessment, but have a potential interest in terms of the priorities to be followed when choosing the contextual components constituting an experimental protocol or a game platform.
Effect of Delay to Definitive Surgical Fixation on Wound Complications in the Treatment of Closed, Intra-articular Calcaneus Fractures
Authors: Kwon John Y. , Guss Daniel , Lin Darius E. , Abousayed Mostafa , Jeng Clifford , Kang Steve , Ellington J. Kent 
Published: January 2015

Background: There are conflicting data regarding the benefits of delaying operative fixation of calcaneus fractures to decrease wound complication rates. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of delaying fixation on wound complication rates as well as to identify other risk factors. Methods: A retrospective review at 4 institutions, including 24 surgeons, identified 405 closed, operatively treated, intra-articular calcaneus fractures. We compared fractures with and without wound complications with regards to patient demographics, medical risk factors, fracture severity, time to fixation, operative approach, primary subtalar arthrodesis, and surgeon experience. Results: Wound complications were observed in 21% (87/405) of fractures, of which 33% (29/87) required operative intervention. Male sex ( P = .032), smoking ( P = .028), and the extensile lateral approach ( P < .001) were associated with higher complication rates. Fractures treated with an extensile lateral approach had an overall wound complication rate of 32.1%, while those treated with a sinus tarsi or percutaneous approach had an overall wound complication rate of 8.3% (odds ratio [OR], 5.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.9-9.5; P < .001). Among patients treated with an extensile lateral approach, delayed operative fixation did not decrease wound complication rates despite comparable fracture severity across time points. In contrast, among fractures treated with less invasive approaches, delayed fixation beyond 2 weeks resulted in a significantly increased wound complication rate of 15.2% as compared to a wound complication rate of only 2.1% among fractures treated within a week of injury (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3-9.5; P = .01). This was observed despite similar fracture severity across time points. Primary subtalar arthrodesis did not impact complication rates. A higher wound complication rate among senior surgeons was likely secondary to their predilection for the extensile lateral approach. Conclusion: Delaying definitive fixation of closed, intra-articular calcaneus fractures did not decrease wound complication rates when using the extensile lateral approach, and we found an increased wound complication rate when using less invasive approaches. Level of Evidence: Level III, observational study.
Guideline treatment results in regression of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Strang Aart C , van Wijk Diederik F , Mutsaerts Henri JMM , Stroes Erik SG , Nederveen Aart J , Rotmans Joris I , Rabelink Ton J , Box Frieke MA 
Published: January 2015

Background: Efficacy of guideline cardiovascular disease prevention regimens may differ between patients with or without type II diabetes mellitus. We therefore compared change in carotid artery wall dimensions in type II diabetes mellitus and non-type II diabetes mellitus patients with a history of a major cardiovascular disease event, using magnetic resonance imaging. Methods: Thirty type II diabetes mellitus patients and 29 age- and sex-matched non-diabetes mellitus patients with a history of stroke or myocardial infarction and a carotid artery stenosis (15%–70%) were included. In all patients, treatment was according to cardiovascular risk management guidelines. At baseline and follow-up, carotid artery vessel wall dimensions were measured using 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging. Results: After 2 years of follow-up, total wall volume of the carotid artery in type II diabetes mellitus patients decreased by 9.6% ( p = 0.016). In contrast, stabilization rather than regression of carotid artery wall dimensions was observed in non-diabetes mellitus patients over a 2-year period. Body mass index was identified as a predictor of total wall volume decrease. Conclusions: Guideline treatment arrests atherogenesis in non-diabetes mellitus patients and even decreases vessel wall dimensions in type II diabetes mellitus patients. Baseline body mass index predicts cardiovascular disease prevention efficacy expressed as decrease in total wall volume. These data emphasize the importance of optimal cardiovascular-prevention, particularly in diabetes patients with a high body mass index.
The role of the body in end-stage kidney disease in young adults: Gender, peer and intimate relationships
Authors: Lewis Helen , Arber Sara 
Published: January 2015

Objectives To understand how the physical body, and changes in the physical body, influence peer and intimate relationships and parenting in young adults on renal replacement therapies (RRT). Methods Qualitative interview data from 40 young adults aged 16–30 years with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), first diagnosed aged 0–19 years, were analysed using modified grounded theory. Findings Alternating modalities of RRT had a ‘yo-yo’ effect on the bodies of interviewees, repeatedly reconstructing them as either ‘transplanted’ bodies, often initially obese, or as ‘dialysis’ bodies’, often underweight. Invisible somatic changes had a major impact on gendered social identity, making intimate social relationships and parenthood problematic. Prepubertal onset interviewees were generally less successful in forming partnerships than those with postpubertal onset; and interviewees on dialysis were likely to postpone partnering until they were transplanted. Social networks were essential for finding a partner, but male interviewees had fewer networks than females. Parenthood was particularly challenging for female interviewees. Conclusions In ESKD, life-saving RRT brings major changes to the body. These adversely affect social relationships and family formation during the crucial period of early adulthood. Effects vary according to age of onset, RRT modality, and gender, with those who were ill before puberty and those on dialysis worst affected.
Therapeutic effects of prolotherapy with intra-articular dextrose injection in patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis: a single-arm study with 6 months follow up
Authors: Eslamian Fariba , Amouzandeh Bahman 
Published: January 2015

Objectives: Prolotherapy is an injection-based complementary treatment, which has shown promising results in the treatment of different musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy on pain, range of motion, and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: In this single-arm prospective study, participants with symptomatic moderate knee osteoarthritis underwent prolotherapy with intra-articular injection of 20% dextrose water at baseline, and at 4 weeks and 8 weeks later. Patients were followed for 24 weeks. Pain severity at rest and activity, according to the visual analog scale (VAS), articular range of motion (ROM), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities arthritis index (WOMAC) scores were measured at baseline, 4, 8, and 24 weeks later. Results: A total of 24 female patients (average age: 58.37 ± 11.8 years old) received 3-monthly injection therapies. Before the treatment, the mean articular range of motion was 105.41 ± 11.22°. Mean VAS scale at rest and activity was 8.83 ± 1.37 and 9.37 ± 1.31, respectively. At the end of week 24, knee ROM increased by 8°. Pain severity in rest and activity decreased to 4.87 ± 1.39, 45.86%, and 44.23%, respectively ( p < 0.001). Total WOMAC score and its subcategories showed a continuous improvement trend in all the evaluation sessions, so that at the end of the study, the total score decreased by 30.5 ± 14.27 points (49.58%) ( p < 0.001). Improvements of all parameters were considerable until week 8, and were maintained throughout the study period. Conclusions: Prolotherapy with three intra-articular injections of hypertonic dextrose given 4 weeks apart for selected patients with knee OA, resulted in significant improvement of validated pain, ROM, and WOMAC-based function scores, when baseline levels were compared at 24 weeks. Further studies with randomized controlled trials involving a comparison group are suggested to confirm these findings.
Perception of HIV Testing and Counseling among Integrated Counseling and Testing Center Clients of Tertiary Level Hospitals
Authors: Holla Ramesh , Maroli Swathi , Wettasinghe Dulakshi , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Kamath Shiwani , De Rijuta , Kumar Santosh Bhat , Thapar Rekha , Mithra Prasanna , Kumar Nithin , Kulkarni Vaman , Bhagawana Darshan , Kumar Avinash 
Published: January 2015

Background: The purpose of establishing integrated counseling and testing center (ICTC) is to detect HIV at the earliest time, providing information on modes of transmission and prevention of HIV by promoting behavioral change and reducing vulnerability, and informing individuals on HIV prevention, care, and treatment services. Objective: To know the awareness of the clients about ICTC before pretest counseling. Methods: This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 105 pretest counseling clients who visited ICTC for the first time in 3 ICTCs of tertiary care hospitals attached to a medical college in Mangalore. Result: Majority of the clients were pregnant women (n = 57, 54.30%), and most of the clients were referred by the treating doctor (n = 91, 86.7%). Most of the clients, being unaware of ICTC, are not aware of its functions and activities. Conclusion: Although ICTCs have been functional for nearly a decade, the awareness of ICTC and its functions among the people is poor.
Extracorporeal life support as bridge to lung transplantation: a systematic review
Authors: Chiumello Davide , Coppola Silvia , Froio Sara , Colombo Andrea , Del Sorbo Lorenzo 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIntroductionPatients with acute respiratory failure requiring respiratory support with invasive mechanical ventilation while awaiting lung transplantation are at a high risk of death. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been proposed as an alternative bridging strategy to mechanical ventilation. The aim of this study was to assess the current evidence regarding how the ECMO bridge influences patients’ survival and length of hospital stay.MethodsWe performed a systematic review by searching PubMed, EMBASE and the bibliographies of retrieved articles. Three reviewers independently screened citation titles and abstracts and agreement was reached by consensus. We selected studies enrolling patients who received ECMO with the intention to bridge lung transplant. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case–control studies and case series with ten or more patients. Outcomes of interest included survival and length of hospital stay. Quantitative data summaries were made when feasible.ResultsWe identified 82 studies, of which 14 were included in the final analysis. All 14 were retrospective studies which enrolled 441 patients in total. Because of the broad heterogeneity among the studies we did not perform a meta-analysis. The mortality rate of patients on ECMO before lung transplant and the one-year survival ranged from 10% to 50% and 50% to 90%, respectively. The intensive care and hospital length of stay ranged between a median of 15 to 47 days and 22 to 47 days, respectively. There was a general paucity of high-quality data and significant heterogeneity among studies in the enrolled patients and technology used, which confounded analysis.ConclusionsIn most of the studies, patients on ECMO while awaiting lung transplantation also received invasive mechanical ventilation. Therefore, whether ECMO as an alternative, rather than an adjunction, to invasive mechanical ventilation is a better bridging strategy to lung transplantation still remains an unresolved issue. ECMO support as a bridge for these patients could provide acceptable one-year survival. Future studies are needed to investigate ECMO as part of an algorithm of care for patients with end-stage lung disease.
Loss of periostin/OSF-2 in ErbB2/Neu-driven tumors results in androgen receptor-positive molecular apocrine-like tumors with reduced Notch1 activity
Authors: Sriram Roshan , Lo Vivian , Pryce Benjamin , Antonova Lilia , Mears Alan J , Daneshmand Manijeh , McKay Bruce , Conway Simon J , Muller William J , Sabourin Luc A 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Periostin (Postn) is a secreted cell adhesion protein that activates signaling pathways to promote cancer cell survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, Postn is frequently overexpressed in numerous human cancers, including breast, lung, colon, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer.

Methods
Using transgenic mice expressing the Neu oncogene in the mammary epithelium crossed into Postn-deficient animals, we have assessed the effect of Postn gene deletion on Neu-driven mammary tumorigenesis.

Results
Although Postn is exclusively expressed in the stromal fibroblasts of the mammary gland, Postn deletion does not affect mammary gland outgrowth during development or pregnancy. Furthermore, we find that loss of Postn in the mammary epithelium does not alter breast tumor initiation or growth in mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-Neu expressing mice but results in an apocrine-like tumor phenotype. Surprisingly, we find that tumors derived from Postn-null animals express low levels of Notch protein and Hey1 mRNA but increased expression of androgen receptor (AR) and AR target genes. We show that tumor cells derived from wild-type animals do not proliferate when transplanted in a Postn-null environment but that this growth defect is rescued by the overexpression of active Notch or the AR target gene prolactin-induced protein (PIP/GCDFP-15).

Conclusions
Together our data suggest that loss of Postn in an ErbB2/Neu/HER2 overexpression model results in apocrine-like tumors that activate an AR-dependent pathway. This may have important implications for the treatment of breast cancers involving the therapeutic targeting of periostin or Notch signaling.
CD55 deposited on synovial collagen fibers protects from immune complex-mediated arthritis
Authors: Karpus Olga N , Kiener Hans P , Niederreiter Birgit , Yilmaz-Elis A Seda , van der Kaa Jos , Ramaglia Valeria , Arens Ramon , Smolen Josef S , Botto Marina , Tak Paul P , Verbeek J Sjef , Hamann Jörg 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Introduction
CD55, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored, complement-regulating protein (decay-accelerating factor), is expressed by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) with high local abundance in the intimal lining layer. We here explored the basis and consequences of this uncommon presence.

Methods
Synovial tissue, primary FLS cultures, and three-dimensional FLS micromasses were analyzed. CD55 expression was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in situ hybridization, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry. Reticular fibers were visualized by Gomori staining and colocalization of CD55 with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins by confocal microscopy. Membrane-bound CD55 was released from synovial tissue with phospholipase C. Functional consequences of CD55 expression were studied in the K/BxN serum transfer model of arthritis using mice that in addition to CD55 also lack FcγRIIB (CD32), increasing susceptibility for immune complex-mediated pathology.

Results
Abundant CD55 expression seen in FLS of the intimal lining layer was associated with linearly oriented reticular fibers and was resistant to phospholipase C treatment. Expression of CD55 colocalized with collagen type I and III as well as with complement C3. A comparable distribution of CD55 was established in three-dimensional micromasses after ≥3 weeks of culture together with the ECM. CD55 deficiency did not enhance K/BxN serum-induced arthritis, but further exaggerated disease activity in Fcgr2b−/− mice.

Conclusions
CD55 is produced by FLS and deposited on the local collagen fiber meshwork, where it protects the synovial tissue against immune complex-mediated arthritis.
Overexpression of cystatin C in synovium does not reduce synovitis or cartilage degradation in established osteoarthritis
Authors: Kyostio-Moore Sirkka , Piraino Susan , Berthelette Patricia , Moran Nance , Serriello Joseph , Bendele Alison , Sookdeo Cathleen , Nambiar Bindu , Ewing Patty , Armentano Donna , Matthews Gloria L 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Cathepsin K (catK) expression is increased in cartilage, bone and synovium during osteoarthritis (OA). To study the role of catK expression and elevated cathepsin activity in the synovium on cartilage destruction in established OA, we overexpressed cystatin C (cysC), a natural cysteine protease inhibitor, in the synovium of rabbit OA joints.

Methods
The ability of cysC to inhibit activity of cathepsins in rabbit OA synovium lysates was tested in vitro using protease activity assay. In vivo, the tissue localization of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) with LacZ gene after intra-articular injection was determined by β-galactosidase staining of rabbit joints 4 weeks later. To inhibit cathepsin activity in the synovium, a rAAV2-encoding cysC was delivered intra-articularly into rabbit joints 4 weeks after OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Seven weeks postinjection, endogenous catK and cysC levels as well as the vector-derived cysC expression in the synovium of normal and OA joints were examined by RNA quantification. Synovial cathepsin activity and catK, catB and catL protein levels were determined by activity and Western blot analyses, respectively. Synovitis and cartilage degradation were evaluated by histopathological scoring.

Results
In vitro, the ability of cysC to efficiently inhibit activity of purified catK and OA-induced cathepsins in rabbit synovial lysates was demonstrated. In vivo, the intra-articular delivery of rAAV2/LacZ showed transduction of mostly synovium. Induction of OA in rabbit joints resulted in fourfold increase in catK mRNA compared to sham controls while no change was detected in endogenous cysC mRNA levels in the synovium. Protein levels for catK, catB and catL were also increased in the synovium with a concomitant fourfold increase in cathepsin activity. Joints treated with rAAV2/cysC showed both detection of vector genomes and vector-derived cysC transcripts in the synovium. Production of functional cysC by the vector was demonstrated by complete block of cathepsin activity in the synovium. However, this did not decrease synovitis, bone sclerosis or progression of cartilage degradation.

Conclusions
Increased production of natural cathepsin inhibitor, cysC, in OA synovium does not alleviate synovitis or cartilage pathology during a preexisting OA.
Prediction of the potency of mammalian cyclooxygenase inhibitors with ensemble proteochemometric modeling
Authors: Cortes-Ciriano Isidro , Murrell Daniel S , van Westen Gerard JP , Bender Andreas , Malliavin Thérèse E 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Cyclooxygenases (COX) are present in the body in two isoforms, namely: COX-1, constitutively expressed, and COX-2, induced in physiopathological conditions such as cancer or chronic inflammation. The inhibition of COX with non-steroideal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is the most widely used treatment for chronic inflammation despite the adverse effects associated to prolonged NSAIDs intake. Although selective COX-2 inhibition has been shown not to palliate all adverse effects (e.g. cardiotoxicity), there are still niche populations which can benefit from selective COX-2 inhibition. Thus, capitalizing on bioactivity data from both isoforms simultaneously would contribute to develop COX inhibitors with better safety profiles. We applied ensemble proteochemometric modeling (PCM) for the prediction of the potency of 3,228 distinct COX inhibitors on 11 mammalian cyclooxygenases. Ensemble PCM models (

$R_{0\ test}^{2}=0.65$

R

0

test

2

=
0.65

, and RMSEtest = 0.71) outperformed models exclusively trained on compound (

$R_{0\ test}^{2}=0.17$

R

0

test

2

=
0.17

, and RMSEtest = 1.09) or protein descriptors (

$R_{0\ test}^{2}=0.16$

R

0

test

2

=
0.16

and RMSEtest = 1.10) on the test set. Moreover, PCM predicted COX potency for 1,086 selective and non-selective COX inhibitors with

$R_{0\ test}^{2}=0.59$

R

0

test

2

=
0.59

and RMSEtest = 0.76. These values are in agreement with the maximum and minimum achievable

$R_{0\ test}^{2}$

R

0

test

2

and RMSEtest values of approximately 0.68 for both metrics. Confidence intervals for individual predictions were calculated from the standard deviation of the predictions from the individual models composing the ensembles. Finally, two substructure analysis pipelines singled out chemical substructures implicated in both potency and selectivity in agreement with the literature.
A psychrotolerant strain of Serratia marcescens (MTCC 4822) produces laccase at wide temperature and pH range
Authors: Kaira Gaurav Singh , Dhakar Kusum , Pandey Anita 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA psychrotolerant bacterial strain ofSerratia marcescens, originally isolated from a glacial site in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), has been investigated for laccase production under different culture conditions. The bacterial strain was found to grow between 4 to 45°C (opt. 25°C) and 3 to 14 pH (opt. 5 pH) on prescribed growth medium, coinciding with production of laccase in laccase producing medium. However, the production of laccase was more consistent toward alkaline pH. Laccase enzyme was partially purified using gel filtration chromatography. The molecular mass of laccase was determined ~53 kDa on native PAGE. The Km and Vmax values were determined to be 0.10 mM and 50.00 μM min−1, respectively, with ABTS. Inoculum size (4.0% v/v at 1.5 O.D.) resulted in significantly higher production of laccase. Carbon and nitrogen sources also affected the laccase production significantly. All the carbon sources enhanced laccase production, xylose being the best enhancer (P < 0.01). Among nitrogen sources, organic sources were found to act as inhibitors (P < 0.01), and among the in-organic sources only sodium nitrate enhanced the laccase production. Low molecular weight organic solvents significantly (P < 0.01) enhanced laccase production up to 24 h of incubation with a decline in later incubation period. Production of laccase by the psychrotolerant bacterium in wide range of temperature and pH is likely to have inference in biotechnological processes.