bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2306 – Coping Strategies For Patients With Alcohol Dependence Who Are In Remission Or Not: a Controlled Study
Authors: Taner E. , Sahiner S. , Arıkan Z. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionHigh relapse rate and extreme difficulty to maintain abstinence are main characteristics of alcohol dependence. In the course of the this psychiatric disorder some patients with alcohol dependence remit while others not.ObjectiveCoping styles may differ the patients with non remited alcohol dependence from remitted alcoholics and healthy controls.AimsWe aimed to find out the coping mechanisms which maked the difference between remitted and non remitted alcoholics compared to age and sex matched healthy controlsMethodsNinety patients with alcohol dependency were enrolled in the study. Fifty-three patients with alcohol dependence were abstinent for more than one year which formed the remission group, and thirty-seven of them were either in in-patient treatment or either not fully remmited, that is having remission less than one year. Coping styles of these two subgroups of patients with alcohol dependence were compared with forty non-psychiatric healthy, age and sex matched subjects.ResultsPatients with alcohol dependence had higher non adaptive coping strategies compared to controls. Non-remitted patients with alcohol dependence used more non-adaptive coping strategies compared to both remited patients with alcohol dependence and healthy controls.ConclusionsThese results in part support higher probability of non-adaptive coping strategies in patients with alcohol dependence particularly in those with not remitted alcohol dependence compared to both abstinent alcoholics and healthy controls.
2307 – Narcissistic Destinies - a Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Morariu I. , Nirestean A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionOver the years, the narcissistic destiny seems to remain a very present theme, due to our patients but also to the society we are in everyday contact - a fact proved by its persistence over different moments in history.Objectives and methodThe main motivation that moves the narcissistic structure is apparently insuficiently explained by a simple psychiatric diagnostic; therefore we preffered for our study a phenomenological approach, which allowed us to see the complexity of the human structure beyond these limitations.AimWe chose to compare in our study two representative figures: a real one - Michelangelo and a fictional but based on a real case one - Dorian Gray. Most of the studies on these two themes so far convened over the presence of narcissistic traits and the obsession over beauty in both cases, still, they are not offering answers regarding the differences between destinies. Although Michelangelo and Dorian Gray are sharing the same narcissistic traits, both crossing sometimes limits of antisociality, they are not sharing the same affective and creative intensity, nor the dedication to seeking beauty.ResultsIf in Michelangelo's case the emotions work closely with his creativity, thus putting a question mark over his narcissistic traits and also his diagnostic, in Dorian's case creativity without emotions lays a tragic role.ConclusionTurning to phenomenology has given us the possibility of understanding the interior, subjective world of two important characters, their personal different dynamics, going deeper than explaining them through a personological diagnostic.
2314 – Psychiatric Comorbidity And Quality Of Life In Patients With Beta Thalassemia Major
Authors: Akyüz Karacan F. , Kaya B. , Pekün F. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveThe study is aimed to assess quality of life, anxiety and depression levels and investigate the rate of psychiatric disorder in adolescent and young adults with beta Thalassemia major.MethodsSample includes 43 patients with β-thalassemia major. Patients were screened by Structured Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I), Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD).ResultsFourty two percent of the patients suffered from a psychiatric disorder. The most common psychiatric disorders were social anxiety disorder (%21) and generalized anxiety disorder (%12). Significantly lower quality of life was found on all 8 SF-36 domains for β-thalassemia major and psychiatric comorbidity patients compared to no-comorbidity patients.The correlation between HAD and SF-36 scores was statistically significant.ConclusionPsychiatric disorders are significantly related to impaired quality of life. The correlations between anxiety, depression levels and SF-36 scores indicate that high depressive and anxiety levels are associated with reduced quality of life.
2317 – Stigmatization Of Psychiatric Patients By Medical Students
Authors: Sandoval A. , Jelenova D. , Prasko J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionMental illness in the general population are significantly represented, even so psychiatric patients are currently highly stigmatized in the Czech Republic. The main aspect leading to the stigmatization seems to be a lack of information and misinterpretation of psychiatric disorders caused by media.AimsOur pilot study aims to monitor attitudes of general medicine students toward mentally ill patients. We were interested in students’ personal experiences with psychiatric disorder, including friends and family and also personal experience derived from movies, literature and documents.MethodsWe contacted students of General Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc. They filled out the questionnaire with questions designed to describe the characteristics of psychiatric patients and psychiatrists.ResultsThe survey indicates that stigmatizing attitudes are less frequent among the students with personal experience with mental illness. Decrease of stigmatization was also found in students which attended the subject connected with psychiatry and also in students interested in career as a psychiatrist.ConclusionsPersonal experience with psychiatric patients, and formal or informal education is associated with lower levels of stigmatization. The key to the de-stigmatization seems to be in the psychoeducation and training.
2323 – Sexuality Of Tunisian Women And Body Image: Impact Of Culture
Authors: Sellami R. , Feki I. , Masmoudi J. , Ouali U. , Mnif L. , Jaoua A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionResearch on body image suggests a link between women's perceived body image and sexuality.AimThe aim of our study was to determine the relationship between body image and sexual satisfaction among Tunisian women and the impact of culture on sexuality.Subjects and methodsOne hundred women completed a self-administered questionnaire which included:-Clinical data: weight, height …-Women's perception of their body.-The perception of sexuality by women and their spouses.-the impact of body image on sexuality.ResultsThe mean age was 36 years and 7 months. They were married for 12 years on average. The rate of menopausal women was 21%.Two per cent of women were underweight, 38% were overweight, 6% were obese and 54% of them had a normal body mass index (BMI).Women who were satisfied with their looks had significantly a higher self-esteem (p = 0.013).Eighty six per cent of women are recognized as good sexual partners and 85% were satisfied with their sexual activity: Eighty seven per cent of these women considered their body a source of sexual pleasure. These women thought they had an erotic body (p = 0.009) and a source of self-confidence (p = 0.002).ConclusionThis study indicates that there is a difference between western and eastern culture in the impact of body image on sexuality. So, it is imperative for female adolescents to have adequate and appropriate sexual education.
2329 – Memory For Homicide a Severe Violence In Non-psychiatric Offenders
Authors: Ptacek R. , Zukov I. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDefendants commonly claim amnesia for their criminal actions especially in cases involving extreme violence. While some claims are malingered or result from physiological factors, other cases may represent genuine partial or complete amnesia resulting from the psychological distress and/or extreme emotion associated with the perpetration of the crime. Detecting malingering in such cases is substantial part of forensic psychological and psychiatric assessment.ObjectivesTo identify possible psychological differences among homicide or severe violence offenders presenting amnesia for the event and those who do not.MethodsWe examined homicide or severe violence offenders presenting amnesia for the event (n=15) and those who do not (n=15). Methods for assessment of cognitive functions (WAIS-III, WMS), dissociation (DES-20, MID), impact of events scale (IES), and personality (ROR, MMP-II) were used. Further we evaluated social and criminal anamnesis. Offenders with psychotic or schizophrenic symptoms were excluded.ResultsNo differences in cognition or personality was found (p < 0.01). Elevated levels of dissociation and score in IES questionnaire was found in offenders presenting amnesia for the event.Results and conclusionThis pilot study supports hypothesis that there are no any neuropsychological impairments in nonpsychiatric offenders of murder or severe violence presenting amnesia. Higher level of dissociation and score of impact of events scale (p < 0.05) suggest, that this group of offenders may be more predisposed to dissociative and stressful reactions in overloading events. Thus the question whether the amnesia is malingered or not is still unclear.
2332 – Relevance Of The Concept Of Demoralization In Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Boursier S. , Jover F. , Pringuey D. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDepression is difficult to diagnose in schizophrenic patients although it represents a frequent motive for suicide. In clinical practice nonspecific sadness is more often observed than major depressive episodes. Our analysis of these states led us to the concept of demoralization.ObjectivesThe objective of our study was to demonstrate the existence of demoralization in psychotic patients as a real entity and to see how it could be correlated with other dimensions.MethodsA total of 55 ambulatory patients diagnosed with a schizophrenic disorder were included and distributed in 2 groups according to the level of demoralization. The correlation with residual psychotics symptoms (PANSS), depression (CDSS), despair (BHS), and quality of life (SQoL) as well as the sociodemographic characteristics and past history of suicide attempts was assessed.ResultsMore than 94% of our patients were found demoralized, 16,36% of them severely. The degree of demoralization was correlated with the intensity of positive symptoms (p = 0.016), depression (p < 0.001), despair (p = 0.015), suicidality (p < 0.01) as well as poor quality of life (p = 0.007) and low self-esteem (p < 0.000).ConclusionsDemoralization appears to be a relevant concept during schizophrenia, bound in schizophrenic and depressive process, and impacting the suicidal risk. It could represent an important stake in the care of schizophrenic patients especially for the prevention of relapse and suicidal risk.
2339 – Relationship Between Compliance And Abdominal Obesity In Patients With Paranoid Schizophrenia
Authors: Korostiy V. , Sinayko V. , Korovina L. , Zemlyanitsyna O. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionModern antipsychotics can successfully fight productive symptoms and prevent the development of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Among them - the development of metabolic disorders, including abdominal obesity. According to researches 40–80% of patients receiving antipsychotics has increased body weight of 20% or more, and obesity in patients with schizophrenia occurs in 2 times more often than in general population. Abdominal obesity pathogenetically linked to hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, it also determines decrease of life quality of these patients and their compliance.AimsTo study other factors which impact on the condition of these patients and determine the quality of their lives.MethodsClinical, PANSS.ResultsPatients reported a lower life quality as compared to patients with normal weight. Their body mass index was 30–35 kg/m2, corresponding to 1 degree of obesity. Analysis of adherence to therapy of the patients showed that compliance was good in patients with a predominance of productive symptoms. At the same time, some of the patients often had thoughts to stop treatment due to the development of obesity. Thus, the results show the relationship between degree of abdominal obesity and adherence to therapy in patients with paranoid schizophrenia.
2343 – Eating Disorders And Alcoholism - About Three Case Reports
Authors: Esteves-Pereira M. , Sertório T. , Brandão I. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionEating disorders (EDs) and alcoholism are frequently co-occurring in the presence of other psychiatric and personality disorders. Eating-disordered patients are already at an increased risk for morbidity and mortality, so alcohol and other drug use pose additional dangers for these patients. Particular personality traits, such as impulsiveness, have been connected to both eating disorders and alcohol/drug abuse.ObjectivesTo present case-reports of EDs with comorbid alcohol abuse and a review study regarding the theme available in Medline.AimBrief literature review.MethodThree case-reports are presented and literature of this theme shortly reviewed.ResultsThe authors present three cases of adult females followed up in our Department with EDs (restricting anorexics and bulimics) and alcoholism that have already tried many detoxifications with no success.ConclusionsLiterature research has demonstrated that there are several similarities between the physiological conditions and mechanisms of addictive conditions, such as EDs and Alcoholism. Restricting anorexics, binge eaters, and bulimics appear to be distinct subgroups within the eating-disordered population, with binge eaters and bulimics more prone to alcohol.Personality traits such as impulsivity have been linked to both bulimia nervosa and substance abuse. Many researchers have proposed that an addictive personality is an underlying trait that predisposes individuals to both eating disorders and alcohol abuse. More studies are needed to understand psychobiological mechanisms of this comorbidity, and to develop treatments for individuals with comorbid eating disorders and substance misuse.
2348 – Effects Of Sex And Age On Methylphenidate Treatment In Adult Adhd: a Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Ünal G.A. , İnci Kenar A.N. , Herken H. , Kıroğ lu Y. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects sex and age on the methylphenidate HCl treatment in adult ADHD.MethodsSixty ADHD subjects were included into the study aging between 18 and 60 years. Levels of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), creatine and choline in anterior cingulate cortex, cerebellum, striatum and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Then, 10 mg oral methylphenidate HCl was given to the subjects and the same metabolite levels were measured after an interval of 30 minutes.ResultsTwelve (20%) of the subjects were women and 48 (80%) of them were men. Age distribution of subjects is as follows: 15 were between 18–24 years, 26 were between 25–30 years, 19 were older than 30 years. No difference was determined between NAA levels before and after methylphenidate in both sexes. Creatine levels were determined higher after methylphenidate in women in prefrontal cortex and in men in cerebellum. Choline levels were determined higher after methylphenidate in women in striatum. NAA levels were determined higher after methylphenidate in prefrontal cortex of 18–24 years old age group and in striatum and cerebellum of 25–30 years old age group. Creatine levels in striatum after methylphenidate were determined higher in 18–24 years old age group than 25–30 years old age group. No difference was determined between choline levels before and after methylphenidate in each age groups.ConclusionIt is thought that pharmacotherapy can be effective on brain metabolites and this effect can vary upon sex and age.
2350 – Pain Engagement And Disengagement, Self-reported Health And Illness Behaviour In Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Martin M. , Chapman S.C.E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionIrritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterised by persistent symptoms in the absence of structural abnormality.ObjectivesTo discover if people with IBS exhibit atypical patterns of attention to symbolic pain stimuli.AimsTo investigate whether IBS is linked to enhanced engagement with pain words and slower disengagement.MethodsExogenous cueing was carried out with 20 IBS and 33 healthy participants. Participants responded to a dot following on the same or other side of the screen, allowing measurement of engagement and disengagement.ResultsANCOVAs were carried out. The IBS group engaged more with Pain and Social Threat words, and had greater difficulty in disengaging from Pain but not from Social Threat (see Figures 1 and 2). Difficulty in disengaging from Pain was linked to greater symptom severity.
2354 – Alexithymia And Emotional Salience In Item Selection
Authors: Martin M. , Jones G.V. , Dawes C.N.G. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionEvidence associates alexithymia with a range of psychopathology including, in particular, depression.ObjectivesTo investigate whether alexithymia is linked to enhanced levels of dysphoric salience in the individual's environment.AimsTo determine whether item selection among individuals with lower and higher levels of alexithymia is sensitive to euphoric and dysphoric linkages.MethodsA set of items was selected by each participant (N = 106), and for each item its perceived value established via the relation v(i, n) = (n - i)/(n - 1). A set of five affective saliences was elicited for each item.ResultsRegression established that whereas perceived values for lower levels of alexithymia were associated with emotional comfort and past happiness, for higher levels they were associated with present sadness (Figures 1 and 2).Fig. 1Low alexithymia: Standardized dependence of perceived value on affective saliences (*p < .05)ConclusionsEnhanced salience of present sadness in the judgements of those with higher alexithymia levels may play a role in depression.
2355 – Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Due To Antipsychotic Use
Authors: Balibey H. , Balikçi A. , Ateş A. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveAnticholinergic side effects of antipsychotic drugs has long been known. Although dry mouth and constipation due to the anticholinergic side effects are common, dry eye has not been reported in the literature as far as we investigate.CaseA 41-year-old, married, with two children, male patient. Outpatient clinic follow-up were performed for five years with a diagnosis of psychosis with complaints of suspiciousness, agitation, restlessness, drowsiness, emotional numbing, insomnia and feeling guilty. He was in remission with the treatment of olanzapine 5 mg/day. The patient was admitted with the complaints of eye blinking, eye burning sensation, sensitivity to light increasing over the past year.Discussion and conclusionWe discussed treatments applied after the development of dry eye, clinical course and whether or not ocular dryness was due to the use of antipsychotic in a patient using olanzapine 5 mg/day for five years.To our knowledge, antipsychotic-induced dry eye case has not been reported in the literature. We believe that our patient was a case of dry eye developed by antipsychotics.Common side effects of antipsychotics as well as the side effects that are less common and less taken into account should be considered, they should be assessed in co-operation with other clinics and it should be noted that besides monitoring psychotic symptoms and signs, being vigilant in terms of the side effects and adverse events and following them is extremely important for the quality of life of patients.
2361 – Obesity, Body Image And Sexual Life: a Comparative Study Of 40 Cases
Authors: Ben Thabet J. , Sallemi R. , Maâlej Bouali M. , Charfi N. , Charfi N. , Zouari L. , Zouari N. , Abid M. , Maâlej M. , Ayadi S. 
Published: July 2013

AimTo evaluate the impact of the perception of body image on sexual activity of obese patients compared to a sample from the general population.Patients and methodsA cross-sectional case-control study. It involved 40 obese married patients (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and 40 normal weight subjects of the general population. A questionnaire was presented with sociodemographic data, somatic and psychiatric personal histories and data on obesity. Besides, there were seven items assessing perception of body image and five items assessing the impact on sexuality.ResultsThe sex-ratio (men/women) of obese patients was 0.53. Obese women were less frequently satisfied with their body image than men (p = 0.002). Obese subjects were statistically more dissatisfied with their bodies than controls (p = 0.039). In Obese patients, avoidance of sexual intercourse was significantly related to dissatisfaction with body image (p = 0.025) and to the perception of unattractive body (p = 0.026). Sexual satisfaction was statistically correlated with the perception of a positive attracting body (p = 0.015). Sexual desire was statistically correlated to the satisfaction of body image (p = 0.019), positive perception of an attractive body (p = 0.017) and positive perception of a youthful body (p = 0.041). Sexual pleasure was correlated with the perception of an attractive body (p = 0.016).ConclusionThe stigmatization of obese subjects leads to a weakening of the healthy perception of body and might be an obstacle to sexual fulfillment.
2362 – Is It a Prodrome Of Psychosis? Or Is It Naanxious Disorder? a Case Report
Authors: Canha J. , Oliveira S. , Pereira S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe concept of prodromal symptoms in schizophrenia is an old matter of debate. There have been reported several signs and symptoms that are considered to have a predictive value in a first psychotic episode, namely in the mood or anxious spectrums. However, these symptoms are not specific and can overlap with other disorders that have to be considered in the differential diagnosis.ObjectivesTo present a young adult with marked anxious symptoms, namely in obsessive-compulsive spectrum, and psychotic (subclinical) symptoms, questioning the extension of the comorbidity between anxious disorders and schizophrenia.MethodsA case report is presented and a literature review of the theme is shortly surveyed.ResultsThe case report is about a 20 years old man, who have been developing for about two years obsessive thoughts of doubt concerning his sexuality, death and his mental health. Additionally, he described sensations of depersonalization, derealization and an intense distress that have been interfering with his function and daily activity. Several studies report substantial presence of anxious symptoms (including OCD symptoms) in schizophrenia, suggesting its early appearance in the development of the disease. Moreover, they can act as predictor of poorer outcome and may promote transition from psychotic symptoms to schizophrenia.ConclusionsIn schizophrenia prodromal stages, anxious symptoms may increase the risk and predict the development of psychosis disorder. On the other hand, the existence of mild psychotic symptoms can be present in neurotic disorders, witch compels clinicians to be cautious in the differential diagnosis that enclose these symptoms.