bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Block Ratio, Polymer Architecture, and Soft Segment Structure on Modified Asphalt Rheological Performance
Authors: Xiao Hang , Cao Dan , Fu Na , Yi Hongyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of styrenic triblock copolymer (STC) modifiers with different block ratios, polymerization methods, and soft segment structures on the microstructure and rheological properties of modified asphalt. Six commonly used STCs were selected, and modified asphalt was prepared using a rapid quenching method without stabilizers, ensuring no phase separation. These samples underwent laser confocal microscopy, temperature sweep, multiple stress creep recovery, linear amplitude sweep, and bending beam rheometer tests. The findings are as follows: Based on the characteristics of different STC types, it is observed that modifiers with higher block ratios and crystallinity are more challenging to disperse uniformly in modified asphalt. However, the presence of methyl side chains enhances the dispersion uniformity of the modifier in asphalt. Additionally, star-shaped modifiers exhibit weaker dispersion uniformity compared to linear ones. Among them, the styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified asphalt with a block ratio of 3/7 demonstrates the highest composite modulus and maximum creep recovery, showcasing superior high-temperature performance. Star-shaped SBS-modified asphalt excels in high-temperature performance and exhibits better stress relaxation at low temperatures, but it has a lower fatigue life compared to linear SBS. Styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene modified asphalt exhibits the maximum modulus but the poorest elastic recovery performance. Styrene-isoprene-styrene modified asphalt has the minimum modulus and fatigue life but demonstrates optimal elastic recovery.
Validation of the Shear Strength of Geopolymeric Resins Through Numerical Modeling of the Iosipescu (V-Notch) Test Using Finite Element Method–Based Simulations
Authors: Zamora Hernández Yasletty , Penteado Dias Dylmar , Castillo Lara Rancés , Chagas Soares Joadelio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
There is a growing need for a good understanding of the microstructure and mechanical properties of alkaline activated materials, mainly driven by its efficient implementation in civil and infrastructure applications. The validation and standardization of test methods and performance-based specifications directly applicable to alkali-activated cements and concretes was recently stated in the literature as one of the main research priorities related to these materials. Therefore, this study focuses on the validation of the shear strength of geopolymeric resins through the numerical modeling of the Iosipescu test by the finite element method using the ABAQUS 3D software. A numerical model of the specimen used in the Iosipescu test was proposed and successfully validated. The effect of notch opening angle on the delimitations of failure zone and shear stress was studied by the analysis of the distribution of the maximum stresses generated in the specimen during the test. After several simulations, it was found that the failure zone obtained by numerical modeling was in agreement with experimental results, showing a 90° notch opening as the most critical among those evaluated.
Ectopic adipose tissue: frequency and clinical characteristics of obesity phenotypes in patients
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Bragina A. E. , Rodionova Yu. N. , Osadchiy K. K. , Vasilchenko M. K. , Muravlev A. P. , Ananeva V. S. , Balutskaya A. V. , Pilipenko M. O. 
Published: July 2024

Aim. To study the frequency and clinical characteristics of ectopic obesity in patients with different body weights and hypertension (HTN).Material and methods. The study included 326 patients (145 men and 181 women, mean age 63±8 years). Patients underwent chest and retroperitoneal space computed tomography with calculation of the volumes of perivascular adipose tissue (AT) (PVAT), pericardial AT (PAT) and perirenal fat thickness (PFT) using specialized software QCT Pro Tissue Composition Module (Mindways Software, USA). PAT volume ≥3,2 cm3, PVAT volume ≥0,4 cm3, PFT ≥1,91 cm were considered criteria for pericardial (PCO), perivascular (PVO) and perirenal (PRO) obesity.Results. When studying the prevalence of ectopic (EO) and abdominal (AO) obesity phenotypes, patients were divided into groups: 1) with isolated EO without AO (n=17), 2) with PCO and AO (n=31), 3) with PVO and AO (n=22), 4) with PRO and AO (n=33), 5) with mixed EO (PKO+PVO, or PKO+PRO, or PVO+PRO, or PKO+PVO+PRO) and AO, 6) with isolated AO without EO (n=74), 7) without obesity (n=32). Isolated EO was significantly more common in individuals with normal and overweight compared to patients with obesity: 8,9 and 12 vs 1,1% (p=0,001), respectively. The prevalence of the mixed EO+AO phenotype in obese patients was significantly higher than in patients with normal and overweight as follows: 41,7 vs 19,6 and 21,7% (p=0,001), respectively. In patients with HTN, PVO+AO was significantly more common compared to patients without HTN as follows: 12,8 vs 3% (p=0,001), respectively.Conclusion. The study results indicate the heterogeneity of the distribution of obesity phenotypes in people with different body mass index, which emphasizes the importance of taking into account all its variants, including EO, for timely and adequate cardiovascular risk assessment.
Analisis Implementasi Gaya Kepemimpinan Visioner dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional di SMP Annihayah Karawang
Authors: Sya’diyyah Rina , Prihatin Eka , Abubakar Abubakar , Nurdin Diding 
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The aim of this research is to examine the school's visionary leadership style and the school's transformational leadership style on teacher performance at Annihayah Karawang Middle School. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method to collect data. The principal, two teachers, and one administrative staff served as participants in this research. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and document analysis. Researchers show that the Principal of Annihayah Middle School successfully implemented a visionary and transformational leadership style resulting in a well-functioning educational environment. The effectiveness of a school principal's leadership style can be seen through the clarity of his vision and mission which can be a role model for teachers and staff. Both visionary leadership and transformational leadership play an important role in improving teacher performance. This research provides valuable insights that can guide school principals in determining the leadership style that is best suited for their school.Keywords: Visionary Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Principals, Teacher performance Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis gaya kepemimpinan visioner dan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di SMP Annihayah Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengumpulkan data. Kepala sekolah, dua guru, dan satu staf administrasi berperan sebagai partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala sekolah SMP Annihayah berhasil menerapkan gaya kepemimpinan visioner dan transformasional sehingga menghasilkan lingkungan pendidikan yang berfungsi dengan baik. Efektivitas gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dapat dilihat melalui kejelasan visi dan misinya yang dapat menjadi teladan bagi guru dan staf. Baik kepemimpinan visioner maupun kepemimpinan transformasional memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan berharga yang dapat memandu kepala sekolah dalam menentukan gaya kepemimpinan yang paling cocok untuk sekolahnya.Kata kunci: Kepemimpinan Visioner, Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Kepala Sekolah, Kinerja guru
Methods of increasing herbage yield and seed productivity of Echinacea purpurea under conditions of Krasnodar krai
Authors: Thaganov R. R. , Sidelnikov N. I. , Saibel O. L. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. For the production of pharmaceutical products from raw materials of Echinacea purpurea L., it is necessary to have a sufficient amount of high-quality seeds when planting production areas with high yields of aboveground mass.Methods. On Echinacea purpurea of the second year of vegetation in order to increase herbage yield and seed productivity, tests of organomineral fertilizer EcoFus (1.5 l/ha) with microfertilizers (Siliplant (0.5 l/ha) or Cytovit (1.0 l/ha). As a standard, we used double foliar feeding with Siliplant (0.5 l/ha). The above-ground mass was mowed in the third ten days of August. On seed plantations we tested: in the early growth phase EcoFus (1.5 l/ha), in the stemming phase – growth regulators Epin-extra (0.06 l/ha), Agat-25K (0.04 l/ha) and their tank mixtures. Seed collection was carried out in mid-September.Results. Double spraying with complex – EcoFus with microfertilizers, promoted activation of growth processes, and it resulted in 22-26% increase of above-ground mass yield, 5-7% increase of phenylpropanoids in it, their collection per hectare increased within 28-35%. A more effective complex was revealed: EcoFus (1.5 l/ha) with Siliplant (0.5 l/ha), which allowed to increase yield and collection of active substances by 26 and 35% in comparison with the control, and in comparison with the reference (Siliplant 0.5 l/ha) – by 11 and 15%, respectively. In order to increase seed productivity of Echinacea purpurea, spraying with EcoFus at the beginning of vegetation of plants and EcoFus complex with bioregulators Agat and Epin-extra in the phase of stemming was applied. Foliar fertilization with these tank mixtures resulted in earlier flowering of plants (by 2-4 days), increased the number of inflorescences by 9-10%, inflorescences with seeds by 14-15% and seed weight of one inflorescence by 12- 14%. Activation of generative processes of Echinacea purpurea had a positive effect on seed yield and their quality: yield increased by 21-25%, weight of 1000 pieces by 7-8% and their germination by 2-3%.
Comparative evaluation of Raphanus sativus var. lobo defense efficiency against Contarinia nasturtii using foliar application of sodium selenate, ionic silicon form and garlic extract
Authors: Golubkina N. А. , Zayachkovsky V. А. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Contarinia nasturtii Keiffer is one of the most dangerous insect pests of Brassicaceae plants dramatically affecting plant yield and seed productivity.Material and Methods. The effect of single foliar application of sodium selenate, ionic form of silicon (Siliplant fertilizer) and garlic extract on the efficiency of Raphanus sativus lobo defense against Contarinia nasturtii infestation was evaluated in condition of greenhouse. Concentrations of the applied reagents were: sodium selenate 26.4 mM; Siliplant – 1 ml/l; garlic extract – 8 g/l. Seed productivity and C. nasturtii infestation levels under Se, Si and garlic extract administration under infestation were determined along with the analysis of plant antioxidant status and sugar content.Results. Foliar application of Siliplant singular or in combination with Se provided the highest seed productivity and mass of 1000 seeds. Plants treated with Si, garlic extract and Si+Se demonstrated lack of C. nasturtii infestation only a week after the preparation supply. Contrary, selenate provided less pronounced defense. Among biochemical parameters tested the values of the total dissolved solids were the highest in plants treated with Se and Se+Si. Changes in the intensity of plant defense due to garlic, Se and Si supply were reflected in the increase of the total phenolic content compared to the values typical for control plants and in a significant accumulation increase of disaccharides, participating in tissue recovery after herbivory attack. Silicon application also provided an increase of selenium accumulation by lobo leaves.
Assessment of the resistance of inbred table beet lines to cercosporosis (Cercospora beticola Sacc.) in field and laboratory conditions
Authors: Timakova L. N. , Alekseeva K. L. , Sokolova L. M. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Cercospora leaf spot (Сercospora beticola) is a widespread disease of table beet that reduces the yield of root crops in many beet-growing regions. Annual losses from cercosporosis amount to 30-40%, and in the years of epiphytotic diseases – 50% or more. The fungus has a complex intraspecific structure, includes many pathotypes and races, which should be taken into account when breeding for resistance. The main method of creating resistant forms of table beet to C. beticola is the selection of cercospore-resistant lines in the natural manifestation of the disease and on artificial backgrounds. In open ground conditions, it is not always possible to assess the resistance of table beet to cercosporosis, since cercosporosis is weak in some hot and dry years. Therefore, laboratory assessment methods are important to accelerate the breeding process. The purpose of the research is to carry out an immunological analysis of beet lines in the field and laboratory conditions for the selection of sustainable material.Materials and methods. The assessment of beet variety samples for resistance to cercospora blight was carried out in open ground conditions on the basis of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – branch of the FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (Moscow region). In laboratory conditions, artificial infection of separated red beet leaves was carried out. The objects of the study were inbred lines of red beets of the 1st-6th generation.Results and discussion. As a result of evaluation and selection, red beet lines No. 713 and 790 with increased resistance to cercospora blight were identified. It has been established that for practical breeding it is necessary to constantly and strictly select for resistance to cercospora blight. In laboratory conditions, a method of artificial infection of separated leaves has been developed, which allows for a short period of time to carry out a preliminary assessment of a large number of beetroot samples for resistance to cercospora blight.
Problems in the production of organic vegetable soybean seedlings associated with the manifestation of pathogenic microbiota
Authors: Eremina N. A. , Sokolova L. M. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Eating a natural product of seedlings can completely replenish the body with missing vitamins, but there are problems in obtaining seedlings – damage to seeds by a complex of phytopathogens. Obtaining high-quality soy seedlings is an urgent task.The purpose of the research is to identify the main problems associated with the manifestation and removal of pathogenic microbiota in the production of vegetable soybean seedlings.Material and Methods. The seeds of domestic and foreign soybean varieties served as the material. Patent No. 2349098 of the Russian Federation. The determination of germination and infection of seeds was carried out according to GOST 12038-84 in 4 repetitions. Methods of disinfection of seeds: ultraviolet radiation and ozonation.Results and Discussion. It was revealed that the Hidaka variety has a high seed contamination of 48.7%, and low germination. The varieties Sibiryachka and Lydia have high germination, pathogen infestation is 6 and 8%, respectively. The contamination of the seeds of the Bar variety was a minimum of 2.7%, this variety was taken into further work. Pathogens from the genera Mucor spp., Fusarium spp., Alternaria spp., Pythium spp., Penicillium have been isolated. The phases of water consumption of vegetable soybeans have been determined, which makes it possible to determine the weight of the seed in a specific period of time and use the data for pre-sowing seed treatment. Ecological methods of disinfection of seed material have been tested – treatment with ultraviolet radiation, the use of ozone washing and ozonation of water. An analysis of the percentage of the yield of healthy and affected seedlings, depending on the method of seed treatment, showed that the untreated option has the lowest number of healthy seedlings – 10.76%. UV treatment of dry seeds and treatment in an ozone sink allowed to increase the yield of healthy seedlings to 14.24 and 14.30%, respectively. UV treatment of soaked seeds allowed to increase the yield of healthy products by 62%, and the option of using an ozone sink with further use of ozonated water allowed to obtain the maximum yield of healthy seedlings – 20.04%, which is 2 times higher relative to the control.
Variability of phenolic compounds in different varieties of kale cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala)
Authors: Almugrabi E. , Galiev I. V. , Khakimzyanova R. P. , Mostyakova A. A. , Timofeeva O. A. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Cabbage Kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) is a green, red and purple leafy vegetable cultivated in Northern and Central Europe, as well as North America. Kale deservedly occupies a high place in the list of functional products due to its high content of biologically active substances. Kale contains vitamins, minerals, antioxidant compounds, carbohydrates, unsaturated fatty acids, proteins and dietary fiber. Despite its high attractiveness as a functional food product, it is not cultivated on a massive scale in Russia.Methodology. The purpose of this work is to study the content of phenolic compounds in two varieties of kale cabbage to substantiate recommendations for its cultivation in Russia. The variety and hybrid of kale cabbage – Dwarf Blue Scotch with green leaves and the hybrid Redbor F1 with red leaves – were used as the object of the study. The content of soluble phenolic compounds and flavonoids, as well as the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds in kale cabbage, was studied. Determination was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Grown plants at the age of 16 weeks were used as samples for analysis. The experiment was carried out in laboratory conditions in 5 replicates.Results. The results of the studies indicate a fairly high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the studied varieties of kale cabbage. It has been demonstrated that the Redbor F1 hybrid is characterized by a higher content of soluble phenolic compounds compared to the Dwarf Blue Scotch variety by an average of ~20%. It was concluded that this Redbor F1 hybrid can be used to develop methods for increasing the efficiency of the synthesis of secondary metabolites that are beneficial to human health, and is recommended to farmers for cultivation in the Russian Federation.
Selection for immunity in FSBSI FSVC – history and modernity
Authors: Engalycheva I. A. , Kozar Е. G. , Ushakov A. A. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Maintaining the phytosanitary condition of vegetable and melon crops is an important component in the technologies of cultivation of new and promising varieties and hybrids, since losses from diseases of various etiologies reach 30% or more. This determines the need for immunological studies of the resistance of vegetable and melon crops to phytopathogens of various etiologies, where the basis of the strategy for creating new varieties and hybrids is the joint work of a breeder and a phytopathologist. To do this, it is important to conduct an annual study of the species composition in order to identify new harmful objects that have a negative impact on the profitability of production, as well as to develop measures to protect vegetable crops from the most harmful and economically significant pests and diseases.Methodology and Results. The extensive experimental network of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC) in various ecological and geographical zones allows testing varieties and hybrids of vegetable and melon crops in various soil and climatic conditions, including evaluating them for the most harmful phytopathogens in these regions. This review article briefly highlights the main stages of the history of development and current trends in phytopathological research in Russia and our center. The most significant achievements of scientists of the FSBSI FSVC are presented, aimed at a comprehensive study of the current state of populations of pathogens on vegetable and melon crops, resistance factors controlling the interaction of organisms in pathosystems, including genetic ones, optimization and development of new methodological approaches in breeding for immunity and scientific justification of recommended modern protection systems.
Qualitative composition of phenolic compounds in leaves of Rhodiola rosea L. plants introduced in the conditions of the Moscow region
Authors: Krol T. A. , Ossipov V. I. , Baleev D. N. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Rhodiola rosea L. is a perennial herbaceous plant from the Crassulaceae family. The roots and rhizomes of R. rosea contain a range of biologically active compounds. This species is included in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. Medicinal preparations derived from them are widely used as adaptogens, general tonic and anti-stress agents. While the roots have been extensively studied, less attention has been given to the biologically active compounds found in the leaves of R. rosea. An introduced population of R. rosea grows on the territory of the botanical garden of medicinal plants of the All-Russian scientific research Institute of medicinal and aromatic plants (VILAR). The possibility of cultivating this species in the conditions of the Moscow region is being studied.Material and Methodology. The objective of this study was to investigate the composition of phenolic compounds in R. rosea leaves from VILAR biocollection using ultra-efficient liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. Extraction was carried out with 80% acetone. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatographic system with a photodiode array detector and mass spectrometer was used for the analysis of phenolic compounds. Identification was carried out using UV- and mass spectrometry data.Results. As a result of UPLC-DD-MS analysis, peaks of 20 phenolic compounds were detected in R. rosea leaves, of which 19 compounds were tentatively identified. The leaf extract contained eight phenolic compounds from the group of galloyl-glucoses (three isomers of monogalloyl-glucose, trigalloyl-glucose, two isomers of tetragalloyl-glucose, two isomers of pentagalloyl-glucose), two gallotannins (isomers of hexagalloyl-glucose), five flavonoids (four herbacetin derivatives and one gossypetin), phenolic acids (caffeoyl-malic and ferulic acids), arbutin and esculetin. It has been shown that the biologically active substances of R. rosea provide prospects for the use of leaves as raw materials for the development of herbal preparations with anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antitumor effects.