bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An adaptive model order reduction with Quasi‐Newton method for nonlinear dynamical problems
Authors: Nigro P. S. B. , Anndif M , Teixeira Y. , Pimenta P. M. , Wriggers P. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryModel Order Reduction (MOR) methods are extremely useful to reduce processing time, even nowadays, when parallel processing is possible in any personal computer. This work describes a method that combines Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Ritz vectors to achieve an efficient Galerkin projection, which changes during nonlinear solving (online analysis). It is supported by a new adaptive strategy, which analyzes the error and the convergence rate for nonlinear dynamical problems. This model order reduction is assisted by a secant formulation which is updated by the Broyden‐Fletcher‐Goldfarb‐Shanno (BFGS) formula to accelerate convergence in the reduced space, and a tangent formulation when correction of the reduced space is needed. Furthermore, this research shows that this adaptive strategy permits correction of the reduced model at low cost and small error. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gender differences in caregiver burden and its determinants in family members of terminally ill cancer patients
Authors: Schrank Beate , Ebert‐Vogel Alexandra , Amering Michaela , Masel Eva K. , Neubauer Marie , Watzke Herbert , Zehetmayer Sonja , Schur Sophie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveFemale family caregivers consistently report higher levels of stress and burden compared to male caregivers. Explanations for the apparently higher psychological vulnerability of female caregivers are largely missing to date. This study assesses the correlates and determinants of caregiver burden in family caregivers of advanced cancer patients with a specific focus on gender differences.MethodsThree hundred and eight self‐identified main informal caregivers of advanced cancer patients were cross‐sectionally assessed using structured questionnaires for caregiver burden and hypothesised determinants of burden, including sociodemographic characteristics, caring arrangements, support needs, hope and coping style. Gender differences and predictors of burden were assessed using t‐tests, chi‐squared tests and univariate linear regression. Significant univariate predictors were entered in an analysis of covariance separately for men and women.ResultsBurden was significantly higher in women. Hope was the most significant protective factor against burden in both genders, together with perceived fulfilment of support needs. Only in women emotion‐oriented coping and being in employment while caring were significantly predictive of higher burden in the multivariate analysis. The model explained 36% of the variance in burden in men and 29% in women.ConclusionPsychological support interventions for family caregivers should take gender‐specific risk factors into account. Interventions focusing on keeping up hope while caring for a terminally ill family member may be a valuable addition to palliative services to improve support for family carers. Women may benefit from interventions that address adaptive coping and strategies to deal with the dual demands of employment and caring. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mott–Schottky analysis of flower‐like ZnO microstructures with constant phase element behavior
Authors: Allagui Anis , Alawadhi Hussain , Alkaaby Mustafa , Gaidi Mounir , Mostafa Khalid , Abdulaziz Yacoub 
Published: October 2015

AbstractZnO was prepared using room temperature bipolar electrochemical process in deionized water. Electron microscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction, and micro‐Raman spectroscopy showed crystallization of the material into the wurtzite hexagonal structure of ZnO, self‐organized in micro‐sized flower‐like shapes that are formed out of individual nanorods preferentially grown along the direction. The intrinsic electronic properties were evaluated by potentiodynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using Mott–Schottky analysis of semiconductor/liquid junctions. Because the flat band and carrier density are frequency‐dependent, we used an approximation based on fractional order capacitance fitting, and subsequently three different ways to calculate the frequency‐independent effective capacitance of the system. The capacitance computed using the four parameters of single‐dispersion Randle's model, i.e., pseudocapacitance, dispersion coefficient, and series and parallel resistances, is more recommended for the characterization of the electrochemical system.
Growth and characterization of CdTe absorbers on GaAs by MBE for high concentration PV solar cells
Authors: Arı Ozan , Polat Mustafa , Karakaya Merve , Selamet Yusuf 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCdTe based II‐VI absorbers are promising candidates for high concentration PV solar cells with an ideal band gap for AM1.5 solar radiation. In this study, we propose single crystal CdTe absorbers grown on GaAs substrates with a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) which is a clean deposition technology. We show that high quality CdTe absorber layers can be grown with full width half maximum of X‐ray diffraction rocking curves (XRD RC) as low as 227 arc‐seconds with 0.5% thickness uniformity that a 2 µm layer is capable of absorbing 99% of AM1.5 solar radiation. Bandgap of the CdTe absorber is found as 1.483 eV from spetroscopic ellipsometry (SE) measurements. Also, high absorption coefficient is calculated from the results, which is ∼5 x 105cm‐1 in solar radiation spectrum. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Low temperature aluminum doped zinc oxide thin film deposition on ultra‐thin flexible glass and PET substrates by RF magnetron sputtering
Authors: Demircioğlu Zeynep , Özkol Engin , Nasser Hisham , Turan Raşit 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin films are prepared on ultra‐thin flexible glass and flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates at room temperature by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Optimization of films has been achieved by varying process parameters to reach the demands of proper conductive layer for thin silicon solar cell applications. Structural analysis of the films was done by X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy. Optical and electrical properties of the films were carried out by means of UV‐Visible spectroscopy, and four point probe measurements. Thickness of the films was obtained by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Transmission measurements clearly show that by decreasing pressure transmission of the AZO film is improved in the UV region. Our results show that by varying the deposition parameters, low resistivity films of 1.1×10–3 Ωcm and 1×10–3 Ωcm were obtained on PET and on ultra‐thin flexible substrates, respectively. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The influence of diabatic heating in the South Pacific Convergence Zone on Rossby wave propagation and the mean flow
Authors: van der Wiel Karin , Matthews Adrian J. , Joshi Manoj M. , Stevens David P. 
Published: October 2015

The South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) is a northwest‐southeast oriented precipitation band over the South Pacific Ocean. Latent heat release from condensation leads to substantial diabatic heating, which has potentially large impacts on local and global climate. The influence of this diabatic heating within the SPCZ is investigated using the Intermediate General Circulation Model (IGCM4).Precipitation in the SPCZ has been shown to be triggered by transient Rossby waves that originate in the Australian subtropical jet and are refracted towards the equatorial eastern Pacific. A Rossby wave triggers a SPCZ ‘convective event’, with associated diabatic heat release and vortex stretching. Consequently, the Rossby wave is dissipated in the SPCZ region. These features are simulated well in a control integration of IGCM4.In an experiment, convective heating is prescribed to its ‘climatological’ value in the SPCZ region during the Rossby wave ‘events’ and dynamic forcing from Rossby waves is decoupled from the usual thermodynamic response. In this experiment Rossby waves over the SPCZ region are not dissipated, confirming the vortex stretching mechanism from previous studies. Furthermore, the change in Rossby wave propagation has an impact on momentum transport. Overall, the effect of the Rossby wave‐induced convection in the SPCZ is to decrease the strength of the Pacific subtropical jet and the equatorial eastern Pacific upper‐tropospheric westerlies, by about 2–6 m s−1.Following these changes to the basic state, two potential feedbacks in the SPCZ and larger Pacific climate system are suggested: increased SPCZ convection due to the enhancement of negative zonal stretching deformation in the SPCZ region and decreased equatorward refraction of Rossby waves into the westerly duct leading to less SPCZ ‘events’. As the convective events in the SPCZ have a significant impact on Pacific mean climate, it is crucial that the SPCZ is represented correctly in climate models.
Comparison of the effect of MTAD and conventional irrigation agents on apical leakage and push‐out bond strength of root canal filling
Authors: Ertas Huseyin , Sagsen Burak 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MTAD (a mixture of tetracycline isomer, an acid, and a detergent) and conventional irrigation agents on the apical leakage and push‐out bond strength of root canal filling and to correlate the apical leakage and push‐out bond strength. Root canals of 120 maxillary central incisors were prepared with a ProTaper file up to F3 and distributed to six groups. Saline, 1% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, 17% EDTA/1% NaOCl, and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) solutions were used between each file change, and 5 mL of the same irrigating solution was used for the final flush. In the MTAD group, the root canals were irrigated with 1.3% NaOCl between each file and 5 mL of MTAD for the final flush. All the root canals were filled with AH Plus sealer and gutta‐percha cones. Apical leakage was evaluated using a fluid transport system. After the apical leakage test, each tooth was prepared for the push‐out assessment. The statistical analysis revealed that the irrigation solutions had no effect on the apical leakage of the root canal fillings (p = 0.258). The root fillings of the groups irrigated with MTAD showed significantly lower push‐out bond strength values than the other groups (p < 0.001). These commonly used irrigating solutions did not affect the apical leakage of the root canal sealer. MTAD reduced the bond strength of the root canal sealer to the root canal dentin. SCANNING 37:393–398, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
TMS‐HCW: a trust management system in hierarchical clustered wireless sensor networks
Authors: Jadidoleslamy Hossein 
Published: October 2015

AbstractHierarchical clustered wireless sensor networks (WSNs) usually consist of many tiny sensor nodes, cluster heads, and the Sink. Problems like insecure operational environments, nodes' misbehavior, and improper selection of peer nodes lead to significantly degrade the overall performance of WSNs and their vulnerability to many attacks. In another direction, WSNs often have vital and crisis duties, and most of the traditional security mechanisms are unsuitable for them. So, security is a vital and complex requirement for WSNs to improve their performance. One significant security solution is trust management system (TMS). TMS enhances the security by verifying the untrustworthy nodes; it also improves the cooperation among nodes and increases the network performance. But, TMS is a highly challenging issue in WSNs because of high overhead and computational complexity, limited resources, nodes' high density, dynamic topology, and nodes' mobility. As a result, this paper proposes a highly scalable TMS for hierarchical clustered WSNs, called TMS‐HCW. In TMS‐HCW, each cluster head calculates the trustworthiness of its cluster's members, verifies the untrustworthy members, and removes them from the WSN's processes. TMS‐HCW is different from other existing TMSs in terms of trustworthiness calculation criteria, trustworthiness calculation procedure, and trustworthiness forecasting capability. TMS‐HCW combines the past misbehavior with the current status in a comprehensive way to obtain the robust trust values; it also uses the statistical quantitative methods with high accuracy in the trustworthiness forecasting process. The performance of TMS‐HCW is compared with the performance of Group‐based trust management scheme for clustered wireless sensor networks (GTMS) and PowerTrust TMSs; simulation results and theoretical statistical analyses indicate that TMS‐HCW is improved in terms of energy consumption, accuracy, traffic overhead, and scalability and fault tolerance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Infrequent Reservoir-Related Complications of Urologic Prosthetics: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Cui Tao , Terlecki Ryan , Mirzazadeh Majid 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Introduction and Aim
Complications related to inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) and artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) reservoirs are rare, potentially life threatening, and poorly described in the literature. As more devices are implanted, the incidence of reservoir-related complications may increase, and it will be important to recognize the relevant signs and symptoms.

Methods and Main Outcome Measures
We present a case series of reservoir-related complications presenting to our institution for treatment. We also reviewed all accounts of reservoir-related complications within the urologic literature

Results
Three cases of reservoir-related complications are presented. Case 1 involves erosion of an intact AUS reservoir into the cecum of a patient with a history of myelomeningocele and bladder augmentation. Case 2 involves an IPP reservoir causing vascular compression, resulting in open exploration and repositioning of the reservoir. Case 3 involves intraperitoneal migration of a retained IPP reservoir to a subhepatic area, which was then removed laparoscopically. Literature review yielded descriptions of eight cases of intestinal complications, five cases of vascular complications, but zero reports of migration to a subhepatic area. Other notable complications include 20 reported cases of reservoir erosion into the bladder and inguinal herniation of the reservoir.

Conclusion
Complications involving urologic prosthesis reservoirs, although rare, can have serious implications for patients. A high index of suspicion and familiarity with treatment options is required in order to allow timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Patients with prior major abdominal surgeries seem to be more prone to intestinal complications of reservoirs and warrant special concern.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: a Survey of Perspectives on Carrier Testing and Communication Within the Family
Authors: Hayes Brenna , Hassed Susan , Chaloner Jae Lindsay , Aston Christopher E. , Guy Carrie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCarrier testing is widely available for multiple genetic conditions, and several professional organizations have created practice guidelines regarding appropriate clinical application and the testing of minors. Previous research has focused on carrier screening, predictive testing, and testing for X‐linked conditions. However, family perspectives on carrier testing for X‐linked lethal diseases have yet to be described. In this study, we explored communication within the family about carrier testing and the perspectives of mothers of sons with an X‐linked lethal disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Twenty‐five mothers of sons with DMD participated in an anonymous online survey. Survey questions included multiple choice, Likert scale, and open ended, short answer questions. Analysis of the multiple choice and Likert scale questions revealed that most mothers preferred a gradual style of communication with their daughters regarding risk status. In addition, most participants reported having consulted with a genetic counselor and found it helpful. Comparisons between groups, analyzed using Fisher's exact tests, found no differences in preferred style due to mother's carrier status or having a daughter. Thematic analysis was conducted on responses to open ended questions. Themes identified included the impact of family implications, age and maturity, and a desire for autonomy regarding the decision to discuss and undergo carrier testing with at‐risk daughters, particularly timing of these discussions. Implications for genetic counseling practice are discussed.
Anteroposterior Radiographs Are More Accurate than Cross-Table Lateral Radiographs for Acetabular Anteversion Assessment: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sculco Peter K. , McLawhorn Alexander S. , Carroll Kaitlin M. , McArthur Benjamin A. , Mayman David J. 
Published: October 2015

Background Measuring acetabular anteversion is relevant to routine follow-up of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and for malfunctioning THAs. Imageless navigation facilitates acetabular component orientation relative to the anterior pelvic plane (APP) or to the APP adjusted for sagittal pelvic tilt (PT). The optimal plain radiographic method for the postoperative assessment of anteversion is not agreed upon. Questions/Purposes (1) Do anteversion measurements on plain radiographs correlate more with APP anteversion or PT-adjusted anteversion? (2) Do measurements of anteversion performed on supine anteroposterior (AP) radiographs more accurately reflect intraoperative anteversion values for navigated THA compared to anteversion measured on cross-table lateral (CL) radiographs? Methods Seventy patients receiving primary navigated THA were included. APP and PT-adjusted anteversion were recorded; the latter defined the intraoperative target for anteversion. Postoperative anteversion was measured on supine AP pelvis radiographs with computer software and CL radiographs with conventional methods. Intraoperative measurements were used as the reference standards for comparisons. Results Mean intraoperative APP anteversion was 20.6° ± 5.6°. Mean intraoperative PT-adjusted anteversion was 22.9° ± 4.5°. Mean anteversion was 22.7° ± 4.7° on AP radiographs and 27.2° ± 4.2° on CL radiographs ( p < 0.001). Only correlations between PT-adjusted anteversion and radiographic assessments of anteversion were significant. The mean difference between PT-adjusted anteversion and anteversion on AP radiographs was −0.2° ± 4.3°, while the mean difference between the PT-adjusted anteversion and anteversion measured on CL radiographs was 4.3 ± 5.1° ( p < 0.001). Conclusion Plain film assessment of anteversion was more accurate on supine AP radiographs than on CL radiographs, which overestimated acetabular anteversion.
Effect of Extraction Method on the Phenolic and Cyanogenic Glucoside Profile of Flaxseed Extracts and their Antioxidant Capacity
Authors: Waszkowiak Katarzyna , Gliszczyńska‐Świgło Anna , Barthet Veronique , Skręty Joanna 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe application of flaxseed extracts as food ingredients is a subject of interest to food technologists and nutritionists. Therefore, the influence of the extraction method on the content and composition of beneficial compounds as well as anti‐nutrients is important. In the study, the effects of two solvent extraction methods, aqueous and 60 % ethanolic, on phenolic and cyanogenic glucoside profiles of flaxseed extract were determined and compared. The impact of extracted phenolic compounds on the antioxidant capacity of the extracts was also investigated. Defatted meals from brown and golden flax varieties were used as extraction material. The ethanolic extraction was more selective for phenolics (100.8–131.7 mg g−1) than the aqueous one (11.5–15.7 mg g−1). However, the contribution of particular phenolic compounds to total phenolics was much more dependent on flax variety than extraction method. A strong relationship was observed between both radical scavenging and ferric reducing activity and the content of phenolics (particularly secoisolariciresinol diglucoside). The correlation between extract chelating ability and phenolics was moderate suggesting that other flaxseed compounds are involved in this activity. The extraction method strongly affected cyanogenic glucoside content of flaxseed extracts; the aqueous extraction caused 96 % reduction in cyanogenic glucoside content (0.56–0.62 mmol g−1) when compared to the content in defatted meal (9.1–11.6 mmol g−1). On the contrary, ethanolic extraction resulted in the high cyanogenic glucoside content in the extracts (71–89 mmol g−1). The results reveals that ethanolic extraction gives extracts rich in antioxidant lignans; aqueous extracts have lower antioxidant activity than ethanolic but cyanogenic glucosides are significantly reduced.
Problems with the upper limb in arthrogryposis
Authors: Lester Ruth 
Published: October 2015

Introduction This short paper presents a personal view of the thinking processes around the assessment and development of individualised management plans for dealing with the problems of the upper limb in Arthrogryposis in children. Background The paper will offer a definition of arthrogryposis, its incidence and the range of anomalies. The problems associated with joint contractures are defined. The goals of treatment include improvement in function as well as cosmesis. Priorities and goals of treatment Managing the mobility of the whole child is very important in deciding what should be offered surgically in the upper limb. Early manipulation and stretching as well as the pros and cons of splints are discussed. Principles of surgical procedures The principles of surgery including soft tissue release, changing the position of the arc of movement of a joint, fixing stiff joints, tendon transfers and muscle transfers are presented. The value of thumb web release and the surgical procedures commonly used are described.
Development of evidence-based clinical algorithms for prescription of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Achttien R.J. , Vromen T. , Staal J.B. , Peek N. , Spee R.F. , Niemeijer V.M. , Kemps H.M. ,   on behalf of the multidisciplinary expert panel
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background
Guideline adherence with respect to exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is hampered by a large variety of complex guidelines and position statements, and the fact that these documents are not specifically designed for healthcare professionals prescribing exercise-based CR programs. This study aimed to develop clinical algorithms that can be used in clinical practice for prescription and evaluation of exercise-based CR in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic heart failure (CHF).

Methods
The clinical algorithms were developed using a systematic approach containing four steps. First, all recent Dutch and European cardiac rehabilitation guidelines and position statements were reviewed and prioritised. Second, training goals requiring a differentiated training approach were selected. Third, documents were reviewed on variables to set training intensity, modalities, volume and intensity and evaluation instruments. Finally, the algorithms were constructed.

Results
Three Dutch guidelines and three European position statements were reviewed. Based on these documents, five training goals were selected and subsequently five algorithms for CAD patients and five for CHF patients were developed.

Conclusions
This study presents evidence-based clinical algorithms for exercise-based CR in patients with CAD and CHF according to their training goals. These algorithms may serve to improve guideline adherence and the effectiveness of exercise-based CR.