bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly stable narrow-bandwidth all-polarization-maintaining semiconductor saturable absorber mirror Yb-doped fiber laser
Authors: Ma Jiasai , Jiang Wenguang , Pan Jianxun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A highly stable narrow-bandwidth semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) passively mode-locked ytterbium-doped (Yb-doped) fiber laser with an all-polarization-maintaining (all-PM) structure is realized in a linear cavity. A 1064.4 nm picosecond (ps) laser pulse with an output power of 16.6 mW is obtained, which corresponds to a pulse duration of 13.7 ps. The 3 dB spectral bandwidth of the laser pulse is 0.19 nm, which is provided by the narrow bandwidth fiber Bragg grating. The repetition rate is 27.4 MHz, and the measured signal-to-noise ratio is close to 70 dB, demonstrating the excellent stability of the mode-locking operation in the Yb-doped fiber laser. The all-PM SESAM fiber laser can achieve self-starting operation and long-term stable operation, and is expected to be a seed source for high-power ultrashort pulsed lasers.
Temperature dependence compensation of X-ray spectrometry with MiniPIX Timepix3 SiC detector
Authors: Kurucova N. , Granja C. , Hladik D. , Sagatova A. , Zatko B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Timepix3 is a hybrid pixel radiation detector, from the CERN-designed Timepix family,
which contains 65.536 pixels. The detectors based on Timepix3 read-out chips have started to be
used in a wide range of applications, such as medicine, particle physics, neutron detection and
space applications. For applications in harsh environments such as space, particle therapy and
nuclear power engineering, silicon carbide (SiC) stands as suitable semiconductor sensor thanks to
its chemical stability, wide temperature operation range and enhanced radiation hardness. Newly
developed MiniPIX Timepix3 SiC cameras are undergoing physical and operating tests for various
applications. Since their main applications are in harsh environments where they are exposed to a
wide range of temperatures, it is important to examine and describe the behaviour of these
detectors under the influence of different temperatures. Consequently, it is necessary to
compensate these temperature effects. Thus, this study investigates the temperature dependence of
the spectral (deposited energy) response of the Timepix3 detectors equipped with a 4H-SiC sensor
over a temperature range of 10∘C to 60∘C, with a per-pixel energy calibration
performed at 20∘C. The detector was exposed to fluorescence X-rays with energies between
8 keV and 58 keV and between 31 keV and 40 keV from the radioactive sources 133Ba and
152Eu, respectively. It was found that with increasing temperature there is a shift of the
energy spectra to lower values, which increases with increasing incident energy. A compensation
method is proposed to correct for the distortion in the measured energy range.
Orbital angular momentum of polarization distributions of light
Authors: Kovalev Alexey A , Kotlyar Victor V , Stafeev Sergey S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate a new quantity for describing vector light fields with polarization singularities. Similar to the polarization singularity index (PSI), it describes the average angular velocity of the changing polarization direction. Similar to the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of scalar fields, averaging is done over the whole transverse plane and with a weight function equal to the intensity. Therefore, we call this quantity the OAM of polarization. For a cylindrical vector beam, it coincides with its order, equal to the PSI. For several other vector fields, the OAM of polarization is derived analytically and confirmed by numerical computation. It can be measured using a quarter-wave plate, a polarizer, and two cylindrical lenses. A potential application area is optical communications using vector light beams.
Mid-infrared comb generator using cascaded high-speed lithium niobate modulators
Authors: Ren Dezheng , Ming Xianshun , Ma Kai , Shi Lei , Sun Qibing , Wang Leiran , Zhao Wei , Zhang Wenfu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mid-infrared (MIR) optical frequency combs can be used as coherent light sources in various fields, including molecular detection and optical communication. However, convenient generation of portable MIR frequency combs remains challenging, mainly limited by practical pump sources and accessible integrated devices. Here, we present an efficient method toward MIR microcomb generation using cascaded high-speed electro-optic (EO) modulators. By making full use of the EO effect in thin-film lithium niobate and the flexibility of segmented electrodes, intensity and phase modulators with a 3 dB bandwidth of 110 GHz can be achieved. Together with precise time delay control and other functional devices, this approach enables the realization of broadband EO microcombs with spectral coverage of ⩾60 nm centered at 3 μm while under a power of ∼5 mW. The proposed scheme holds the advantage of low power threshold and eliminates the requirement for pump frequency sweeping, making it compatible with current chip-scale pump sources. Consequently, this technique opens new avenues for the integration of MIR microcombs.
Application of machine learning for fault diagnosis and operational efficiency in EV motor test benches using vibration analysis
Authors: S RaviKumar , Pandian C K Arvinda , Hameed Syed Shaul , Muralidharan V , Syed Wahid Ali M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Electric vehicles represent the forthcoming path of the automotive sector. The drive motor plays a pivotal role in the functionality of an ‘electric vehicle’. Crucial aspect lies in the testing of electric motors, utilizing motor testing apparatus to validate essential parameters. Mitigating of challenges associated with helical gear configuration incorporated within the motor testing apparatus could significantly improve testing efficiency and facilitate a more seamless production line flow in the manufacturing of electric vehicles. This study aims to enhance the motor test bench apparatus through the adjustment of critical design parameters employing vibration signal analysis and machine learning methodologies. Prior to the extraction of quantitative data, vibrational signals are gathered under varying gear configurations within the context of this study. The integration of the accelerometer into the system is facilitated through a Data Acquisition (DAQ) firmware, supplemented by MATLAB programmed directives for the purpose of data collection. Subsequently, ‘machine learning’ algorithms (classifiers) such as Naive Bayes and Decision Trees, including Fine Trees, Medium Trees, and Coarse Trees are utilized to classify these identified features. These algorithms are utilized to categorize the obtained signals into normal and faulty/defect categories ‘with and without a 0.25 KW’ load for each scenario and the effectiveness of the algorithms is assessed. This work has explored the application of machine learning techniques for fault diagnosis for improving the operational efficiency in EV motor test benches through advanced vibration analysis.
Optimizing heat transfer in microchannel heat ex-changers: a comparative analysis of channel geometry and nanofluids through CFD and experimental approaches
Authors: Lalagi Gururaj , Nagaraj P B , Omkaresh B R , Sharief Hashim Rehman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study uses CFD simulations and experimental methods to investigate the impact of channel geometry and nanofluid concentration on heat transfer performance in microchannel heat exchangers. Results show that increasing nanoparticle concentrations and mass flow rates enhance heat transfer in rectangular and circular channels. At a nanoparticle concentration of 0.05% and a Reynolds number of 500, circular channels demonstrated superior heat transfer performance compared to rectangular channels. Nusselt numbers increased by 18.16% for rectangular and 24.55% for circular channels on average. Pressure drops for both geometries also increased, with a 17.57% rise for rectangular and 16.74% for circular channels relative to the base fluid. Additionally, the pressure drop was 4.72% higher in rectangular channels than in circular ones. Lower Reynolds numbers significantly reduced friction factors, with the minimum friction observed at 0.01% nanofluid concentration. Circular channels exhibited lower friction than rectangular channels across different nanofluid concentrations. CFD and experimental results were in close agreement, particularly regarding pressure drop and temperature, confirming the accuracy of the analysis.
Memory and Narrative Ethics
Authors: Lothe Jacob 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This book explores how different forms of narrative maintain and extend our knowledge of the Holocaust at this critical moment in history, when the last survivors are passing away. It develops and uses an original approach that combines key aspects of narrative studies, memory studies, narrative ethics, narrative hermeneutics, and narrative psychology. The book shows that testimony, narrative fiction, and film play a key role in forming our individual and collective memory of Nazi Germany’s mass murder of six million Jews. Inspired by narrative hermeneutics, these narrative analyses are linked to and supplement one another in a historicizing movement. After having discussed testimonies given by four Jewish women in Chapter 1, Chapters 2 and 3 analyze three nonfiction films, Leni Riefenstahl’s Triumph of the Will (1935), Alain Resnais’s Night and Fog (1956), and Claude Lanzmann’s Shoah (1985). Chapters 4–7 discuss four novels and one film that, albeit in different ways and more or less directly, are framed and characterized by the historical event of the Holocaust: Jonathan Littell’s The Kindly Ones (2006), Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day (1989), James Ivory’s film adaptation The Remains of the Day (1993), W. G. Sebald’s Austerlitz (2001), and Jenny Erpenbeck’s The End of Days (2012). The interpretations demonstrate that written narratives and film narratives can be constructive responses to the ethical challenge of remembering the Holocaust.
Introduction
Authors: Lothe Jacob 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The introduction begins by discussing the image on the book’s cover: Georg W. Fossum’s photograph of the ship Donau, which on November 26, 1942, left Oslo with 529 Norwegian Jews on board – nearly all of whom were murdered in Auschwitz. A premise for the book is that in Holocaust testimony, narrative fiction, and film, memory and narrative ethics are closely, even inescapably, linked and therefore need to be considered together rather than separately. The introduction outlines how the book does this: inspired by narrative studies and narrative hermeneutics, it discusses verbal fiction and film as narratives possessed of, and distinguished by, a series of constituent elements – formal, semantic, cognitive, affective – that identify and shape ethical issues through a narrative communication consisting of authors/directors, narrators, characters, and readers/viewers. While the author’s perspective on, and distance from, the Holocaust inform his or her interpretation of the event, so do those of the reader or viewer.
Claude Lanzmann’s Shoah
Authors: Lothe Jacob 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 3 considers the French director Claude Lanzmann’s Shoah (1985) as a response to Night and Fog; although Lanzmann does not refer to Resnais, the two documentaries are intertextually related. Lanzmann takes issue with several of Resnais’s choices – choices that, for both directors, are not just formal but also ethical. While Resnais, via the voiceover commentary written by Jean Cayrol, warns against forgetting the horrors of the concentration camps of the Second World War a decade after the events occurred, Lanzmann, resisting the use of voiceover as well as documentary footage in a film made thirty years later, uses film form to demonstrate the need to remember the Holocaust by talking to people who survived the event. Discussing the narrative ethics of Lanzmann as director and interviewer, as well as that of his interviewees, the chapter concentrates on the interviews with Simon Srebnik, Franz Suchomel, Abraham Bomba, Filip Müller, and Raul Hilberg.
Jonathan Littell’s Les Bienveillantes (The Kindly Ones)
Authors: Lothe Jacob 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Discussing the French-American author Jonathan Littell’s Les Bienveillantes (The Kindly Ones), the chapter starts by stating that this 1000-page novel, first published in French in 2006, presents the reader with a very considerable ethical challenge since its one and only narrator is a Nazi perpetrator who does not regret, and even cunningly defends, his actions during the Second World War, including his involvement in the Holocaust. Key questions asked in the chapter include: how does the narrator remember? What does he include in and what does he exclude from his narrative, and why? As many perpetrators have been reluctant to talk or write about their involvement in the Holocaust, Littell exploits the resources of fiction to compensate for a narrative gap, a missing link in our knowledge about the Nazis’ mass murder of six million Jews.
‘Without a Suite, Without a Court, Without Power’? Entertainment, Court, and the City
Authors: Jaffré Marc W S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 5 deals with the functions that entertainment fulfilled at Louis XIII’s court, emphasizing its importance for the nobility and its impact on the court’s splendour. The chapter explores the tension between the monarch’s private tastes and the public expectations surrounding royal entertainment. Through an analysis of hunting, court ballets, real tennis, music, and carrousels, the chapter demonstrates that Louis XIII’s entertainment practices clashed with public expectations and became increasingly ‘private’ as the reign wore on. This was not an act of royal absolute power or a conscious decision to restrict access to the monarch. Instead, it considerably damaged Louis’s royal image. The reason why Louis’s entertainment practices had such a lasting impact on his reputation is because court entertainment fulfilled important functions for the nobility aside from glorifying the monarch. Courtiers sought to influence the king’s tastes in order to gain favour and build intimacy with the monarch and relied on feasting to cement political bonds and construct a client network. Louis XIII’s failure to deliver entertainment suitable to their needs forced them to look to other hosts. Royal family members struggled to pick up the slack because of their difficult relationship with Louis, and Cardinal Richelieu’s attempts were too heavy-handed. Courtiers increasingly looked to noble hosts in Paris to produce ballets and host salons. But this did not lead to the development of a distinct urban culture, meaning that these amusements remained for the duration of Louis’s reign an extension of court culture.
Conclusion
Authors: Jaffré Marc W S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter opens with a reflection on how the confusion and disorder of the court could be perceived by contemporaries as being full of grandeur and majesty. The conclusion demonstrates that the disorder of the court was inevitable precisely because the court was so important to courtiers and because they were so invested in defining their place within it. The court’s disorder cannot therefore be viewed as a sign the court was faltering. On the contrary, the court remained throughout the realm a central node for politics, a force for cohesion, an instrument for military resolutions when cohesiveness broke down, a crucial cultural centre, and a magnet for the great nobility, financiers, and merchants alike. The development of Louis XIII’s court suggests that state institutions evolved due to organic processes resulting from perpetual negotiation between the interests and the pressures of all those who had a stake in it—not according to a modernizing plan set up by the monarch or Cardinal Richelieu. The conclusion invites further research into the courts of Anne of Austria’s regency and of Louis XIV before Versailles in order to build a fuller understanding of how, why, and when Louis XIV’s Versailles model came into being. It also encourages researchers to think about these changes more in terms of the pressures placed on the court by the nobility, financiers, and merchants, rather than focusing on Louis XIV’s personality or needs. Finally, the conclusion invites readers to reflect on the parallels between their own behaviour and that of Louis XIII’s courtiers and to understand their own agency in effecting change within the institutions they inhabit.
TiltRec: An ultra-fast and open-source toolkit for cryo-electron tomographic reconstruction
Authors: Jiao Yanxin , Li Hongjia , Xue Yang , Yang Guoliang , Qi Lei , Zhang Fa , Zang Dawei , Han Renmin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has revolutionized our ability to observe structures from the subcellular to the atomic level in their native states. Achieving high-resolution reconstruction involves collecting tilt series at different angles and subsequently backprojecting them into three-dimensional (3D) space or iteratively reconstructing them to build a 3D volume of the specimen. However, the intricate computational demands of tomographic reconstruction pose significant challenges, requiring extensive calculation times that hinder efficiency, especially with large and complex datasets.

Results
We present TiltRec, an open-source toolkit that leverages the parallel capabilities of CPUs and GPUs to enhance tomographic reconstruction. TiltRec implements six classical tomographic reconstruction algorithms, utilizing optimized parallel computation strategies and advanced memory management techniques. Performance evaluations across multiple datasets of varying sizes demonstrate that TiltRec significantly improves efficiency, reducing computational times while maintaining reconstruction resolution.

Conclusions
TiltRec effectively addresses the computational challenges associated with cryo-ET reconstruction by fully exploiting parallel acceleration. As an open-source tool, TiltRec not only facilitates extensive applications by the research community but also supports further algorithm modifications and extensions, enabling the continued development of novel algorithms.

Availability and implementation
The source code, documentation, and sample data can be downloaded at https://github.com/icthrm/TiltRec.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Speech outcomes in cochlear implant users depend on visual cross-modal cortical activity measured before or after implantation
Authors: Paul Brandon T , Trinh Vincent , Chen Joseph , Le Trung , Lin Vincent , Dimitrijevic Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cochlear implants can partially restore hearing function in deaf individuals, but long-term speech listening outcomes vary widely across cochlear implant users. Visual cross-modal plasticity, where auditory cortical neurons upregulate visual inputs to assist visual processing, is one factor proposed to worsen cochlear implant users’ speech outcomes because it may limit auditory processing capability. However, evidence for this view is conflicting, and the relationship of cross-modal activity to speech perception may depend on other variables such as the type of visual activity and when it is assessed. To clarify, we measured visual cross-modal activity during a silent lip reading task using EEG in a cross-sectional, observational study. The study tested visual brain activation in 14 individuals prior to receiving a cochlear implant, 15 individuals tested at least 1 year after receiving and using a cochlear implant and 13 typical hearing controls who did not use a cochlear implant or hearing aid. Cross-modal responses to the onset of a visual event were positively correlated to speech outcomes in cochlear implant users tested after surgery but were negatively correlated in those tested prior to cochlear implant surgery. In addition, cross-modal increases in neural oscillatory power in the alpha band (8–12 Hz) arising in the lip reading task were associated with worse speech outcomes in both cochlear implant user groups. Taken together, results redress claims that cross-modal plasticity is maladaptive for speech outcomes and instead suggest that this relationship depends on the time point of testing, stage of sensory processing and likely the relevance of the stimulus for speech. In addition, findings form the basis for new neural markers that are predictive of cochlear implant users’ long-term speech ability.
Beating heart superior caval vein replacement for giant venous aneurysm: a case report
Authors: Osipenko Kira , Zimpfer Daniel , Anwar Maria , Mahr Stephane , Werner Paul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Superior vena cava (SVC) aneurysms are rare vascular anomalies, with less than 80 cases reported worldwide. Large aneurysms carry a risk of rupture and thrombosis, eventually necessitating surgical intervention.

Case Summary
We present the case of a 68-year-old male with a progressively enlarging SVC aneurysm and a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The patient underwent successful caval resection and replacement with a 20 mm expanded Polytetraflouroethylene (ePTFE) graft, accompanied by left atrial appendage exclusion and pulmonary vein isolation. The recovery from surgery was uneventful, and postoperative imaging confirmed excellent graft patency with no signs of thrombosis or recurrence at the three-month follow-up.

Discussion
This case highlights the successful management of a large SVC aneurysm through complete resection and prosthetic replacement with a 20 mm ePTFE graft, with the first documented use of this technique in an adult patient. Caval resection and graft replacement ensure complete excision of affected tissue, minimizing the risk of recurrence after surgery for complex SVC aneurysms.
The Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genomes of Amoebophrya sp. ex Karlodinium veneficum
Authors: DeMontigny Wesley , Bachvaroff Tsvetan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Dinoflagellates are a diverse group of microplankton that include free-living, symbiotic, and parasitic species. Amoebophrya, a basal lineage of parasitic dinoflagellates, infects a variety of marine microorganisms, including harmful-bloom-forming algae. Although there are currently three published Amoebophrya genomes, this genus has considerable genomic diversity. We add to the growing genomic data for Amoebophrya with an annotated genome assembly for Amoebophrya sp. ex Karlodinium veneficum. This species appears to translate all three canonical stop codons contextually. Stop codons are present in the open reading frames of about half of the predicted gene models, including genes essential for cellular function. The in-frame stop codons are likely translated by suppressor tRNAs that were identified in the assembly. We also assembled the mitochondrial genome, which has remained elusive in the previous Amoebophrya genome assemblies. The mitochondrial genome assembly consists of many fragments with high sequence identity in the genes but low sequence identity in intergenic regions. Nuclear and mitochondrially-encoded proteins indicate that Amoebophrya sp. ex K. veneficum does not have a bipartite electron transport chain, unlike previously analyzed Amoebophrya species. This study highlights the importance of analyzing multiple genomes from highly diverse genera such as Amoebophrya.