bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light‐Touch Integration of Chinese Cross‐Border M&A: The Inﬂuences of Culture and Absorptive Capacity
Authors: Liu Yipeng , Woywode Michael 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAs a major entry mode of global strategy of Chinese MNCs, Chinese cross‐border merger and acquisition (M&A) is still a less understood phenomenon, in particular the post acquisition phase. This study contributes to this rising, important and interesting phenomenon utilizing an explorative research method. By integrating synergy potential, culture influences and the learning perspective, we suggest a multilevel perspective in understanding Chinese cross‐border M&A. A novel post acquisition integration approach, namely light‐touch integration, is investigated, and supported by newly assembled empirical evidence in the context of Chinese M&A in Germany. Light‐touch integration essentially synthesizes the preservation and symbiosis integration approaches due to the contextual characteristics of Chinese cross‐border M&A, such as cultural influences and the learning perspective. Understanding the cultural and learning influences can facilitate and smooth the activities involved in the post acquisition phase. The light‐touch integration approach offers ample opportunities for joint collaborations between and mutual benefits for acquiring firms, acquired targets and third party organizations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Remanent Si–H Interactions in Late Transition Metal Silane Complexes
Authors: Hauf Christoph , Barquera‐Lozada José E. , Meixner Petra , Eickerling Georg , Altmannshofer Sandra , Stalke Dietmar , Zell Thomas , Schmidt David , Radius Udo , Scherer Wolfgang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn general, it is assumed that the reaction between silanes and late transition metal fragments yields silyl hydride species as oxidative addition products. However, the silane complex Ni(iPr2Im)2(SiHMePh2) (iPr2Im = 1, 3‐diisopropylimidazolin‐2‐ylidene) (3a), might represent one of the rare systems where a stable η2‐(Si–H)Ni intermediate of the oxidative addition process has been isolated. Indeed, 3a is characterized by an acute [ang]Si–Ni–H angle of 62.0(2)°, a rather short Si–H bond length of 1.992(6) Å and displays a silicon‐hydride cross peak in Si‐H‐HMQC 2D‐NMR studies. We therefore selected the latter system for a combined experimental and theoretical charge density study to explore the electronic prerequisites which hinder the full completion of the oxidative addition step in transition metal silane complexes and cause the presence of remanent Si–H interactions in these species.
Further Insights into the Role of Temperature in the Synthesis of the Lanthanide(III)‐Pyrazine‐Octacyanotungstate(V) System: an Example of Discrete Materials
Authors: Zhou Hu , Diao Guo‐Wang , Yang Xiao‐Zhen , Yuan Ai‐Hua , Zhang Min , Sun Jing 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSlow diffusion reactions of Ln3+ (Ln = Ce, Eu, Tb) ions, pyrazine, and the [W(CN)8]3– unit at 0 °C produced three discrete coordination compounds [Ln(H2O)5(CH3CN)2][W(CN)8]·0.5pyrazine·CH3CN·2H2O [Ln = Ce (1), Eu (2)] and [Tb(H2O)6(CH3CN)2][W(CN)8]·pyrazine·2CH3CN·3H2O (3). Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that compounds 1 and 2 are isomorphous and adopt a rare centrosymmetric tetranuclear square unit, while compound 3 exhibits an ion‐pair moiety, in which unique tetramer water clusters (H2O)4 are involved. The presence of different types of hydrogen‐bonding interactions is responsible for the formation of three‐dimensional supramolecular networks. The isolations of compounds 1–3 provide a further insight into the effect of temperatures on constructions and structures of the lanthanide(III)‐pyrazine‐octacyanotungstate(V) system.
Event‐based feedback control of disturbed input‐affine systems
Authors: Stöcker C. , Lunze J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel event‐based control method for nonlinear systems that are input‐output linearizable. A method for the design of an event‐based state‐feedback controller is proposed which approximates the disturbance rejection behavior of a continuous state‐feedback system, referred to as reference system, with adjustable accuracy, while simultaneously reducing the feedback communication effort. The event‐based control loop is shown to be input‐to‐state stable. A bound for the deviation between the behavior the event‐based control loop and the reference system is derived. This bound is shown to be a function of the event threshold, which is a design parameter that can be freely chosen. Moreover, the deviation between the outputs of both systems is also proven to be bounded and can be made arbitrarily small by appropriately scaling the event threshold. The minimum time in between consecutive events is shown to be bounded from below by some bound which is explicitly determined. The efficiency of the new control method is demonstrated for a bioreactor example.
Asymptotic modelling and design of some microlayered functionally graded heat conductors
Authors: Woźniak C. , Wa̧growska M. , Szlachetka O. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe paper presents a new method of modelling for certain microlayered heat conductors. So far the main attention related to the modelling of composite materials with deterministic structure was mainly restricted to the periodic composites (Bensoussan, Lions, and Papanicolaou [1]). The main future of the presented approach is that it can be also applied to the class with a non periodic structure. These structures can by referred to as functionally graded in the direction normal to the interfaces between layers. At the same time the non‐homogenous material structure of the composite is slowly varying in this direction. That is why the obtained model equations have functionally but slowly varying coefficients. Moreover, this equations can by applied for designing functionally graded heat conductors with given a priori class of temperature fields.
Comparing sampling strategies for aerodynamic Kriging surrogate models
Authors: Rosenbaum B. , Schulz V. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn aerodynamic applications often evaluations of an expensive computer simulation like a CFD solver are needed for a whole range of input parameters. Dense computations to describe the global behavior of an objective function are out of reach due to limited computational resources. Surrogate models like the Kriging method allow an interpolation of collected data and a global approximation. Adaptive sampling strategies can reduce the number of required samples for accurate and efficient surrogate models by automatically identifying critical or too coarse sampled regions of the input domain. We compare different existing sampling strategies as well as new theoretical methods using a dense set of validation data in order to gain a deeper understanding of optimal sample distributions and lower error boundaries.
Thermal expansion of pyrolytic carbon with various textures
Authors: Zhang W. , Li A. , Reznik B. , Deutschmann O. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThermal expansion of differently‐textured pyrolytic carbon matrices (pyrocarbons) of carbon/carbon composites was studied with a high temperature X‐ray diffraction at temperatures ranging from 25°C to 1400°C. The composites were synthesized by chemical vapor infiltration of a carbon fiber felt, using methane as a carbon source. From the linear dependence of the lattice displacement on temperature, coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of the pyrocarbons were calculated. One‐dimensional thermal expansion along the (002)‐direction (c‐axis) of the pyrocarbons was found to be proportional to the composite synthesis temperature. A correlation between CTE and pyrocarbon texture was found: low‐textured pyrocarbon with an extinction angle (Ae) of 10° exhibits a smaller CTE of 2.02 × 10‐5 K‐1, whereas high‐textured pyrocarbon with an Ae of 22° exhibits a considerably higher CTE of 2.65 × 10‐5 K‐1. However, CTE of high‐textured pyrocarbon is still smaller than that of graphite, which is 2.9 ×10‐5 K‐1.
Optimal value functions for weakly coupled systems: a posteriori estimates
Authors: Koltai P. , Junge O. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe consider weakly coupled LQ optimal control problems and derive estimates on the sensitivity of the optimal value function in dependence of the coupling strength. In order to improve these sensitivity estimates a “coupling adapted” norm is proposed. Our main result is that if a weak coupling suffices to destabilize the closed loop system with the optimal feedback of the uncoupled system then the value function might change drastically with the coupling. As a consequence, it is not reasonable to expect that a weakly coupled system possesses a weakly coupled optimal value function. Also, for a known result on the connection of the separation operator and the stability radius a new and simpler proof is given.
A model for the evolution of laminates in finite‐strain elastoplasticity
Authors: Hackl K. , Heinz S. , Mielke A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe study the time evolution in elastoplasticity within the rate‐independent framework of generalized standard materials. Our particular interest is the formation and the evolution of microstructure. Providing models where existence proofs are possible is a challenging task since the presence of microstructure comes along with a lack of convexity and, hence, compactness arguments cannot be applied to prove the existence of solutions. In order to overcome this problem, we will incorporate information on the microstructure into the internal variable, which is still compatible with generalized standard materials. More precisely, we shall allow for such microstructure that is given by simple or sequential laminates. We will consider a model for the evolution of these laminates and we will prove a theorem on the existence of solutions to any finite sequence of time‐incremental minimization problems. In order to illustrate the mechanical consequences of the theory developed some numerical results, especially dealing with the rotation of laminates, are presented.
On the positivity of solutions of systems of stochastic PDEs
Authors: Cresson J. , Efendiev M. , Sonner Stefanie 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe study the positivity of solutions of a class of semi‐linear parabolic systems of stochastic partial differential equations by considering random approximations. For the family of random approximations we derive explicit necessary and sufficient conditions such that the solutions preserve positivity. These conditions imply the positivity of the solutions of the stochastic system for both Itô's and Stratonovich's interpretation of stochastic differential equations.
Semiconductor device optimization in the presence of thermal effects
Authors: Drago C.R. , Marheineke N. , Pinnau R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractOptimal design problems for semiconductor devices with relevant thermal effects can be formulated by help of the energy transport model. In this paper we perform a sensitivity analysis to derive the first‐order necessary condition for the optimization. Exploiting the special structure of the KKT system we use a special variant of the classical Gummel iteration to provide a very fast optimization algorithm. Numerical results for a ballistic diode underline the feasibility of our approach.
A numerical homogenisation method for sandwich plates based on a plate theory with thickness change
Authors: Helfen C. , Diebels S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractNowadays composite plates are widely used, especially in the transport industry. Their importance derives from their relatively low weight and good mechanical properties, but their behaviour is complex and cannot be obtained from a simple mixture rule properly. In the scope of this work, the considered composite plate is composed of a complex assembly of metal layers and carbon fibers reinforced polymers (CFRP) layers. Whereas the CFRP can be considered as anisotropic elastic, the metal layers have an elasto‐plastic material behaviour. In this case, the possibility to use the classical plate theory is excluded, because the classical plate theory can only regard small deformations and linear material behaviour. For this reason, the modelling of the mechanical behaviour of the composite plate is based on a numerical homogenisation. The underlying principle is a numerical multi‐scale consideration of the composite plate: on the one hand, the macroscale is considered as a Finite Element computation of a plate which is following a plate theory including a thickness change, i. e. a seven degrees of freedom approach. On the other hand, the mesoscale is obtained with a three‐dimensional modelling which explicitly takes into account the stacking order and the material behaviour of the different layers. From each integration point of the macroscale, the deformations are projected on the boundaries of a Representative Volume Element (RVE) of the mesoscale. In this scale, a boundary value problem is solved, and the macroscopic forces, moments and shear forces are obtained as resultants from the mesoscopic stresses.
Sparse space‐time Galerkin BEM for the nonstationary heat equation
Authors: Chernov A. , Schwab Ch. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe construct and analyze sparse tensorized space‐time Galerkin discretizations for boundary integral equations resulting from the boundary reduction of nonstationary diffusion equations with either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. The approach is based on biorthogonal multilevel subspace decompositions and a weighted sparse tensor product construction. We compare the convergence behavior of the proposed method to the standard full tensor product discretizations. In particular, we show for the problem of nonstationary heat conduction in a bounded two‐ or three‐dimensional spatial domain that low order sparse space‐time Galerkin schemes are competitive with high order full tensor product discretizations in terms of the asymptotic convergence rate of the Galerkin error in the energy norms, under lower regularity requirements on the solution.
Dirichlet‐transmission problems for pseudodifferential Brinkman operators on Sobolev and Besov spaces associated to Lipschitz domains in Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Kohr M. , Pintea C. , Wendland W.L. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn this paper we use a layer potential analysis to show the existence of solutions for a Dirichlet‐transmission problem for pseudodifferential Brinkman operators on Sobolev and Besov spaces associated to Lipschitz domains in compact boundaryless Riemannian manifolds. Compactness and invertibility properties of corresponding layer potential operators on Lp, Sobolev, or Besov scales are also obtained.
Numerical algorithm based on an implicit fully discrete local discontinuous Galerkin method for the time‐fractional KdV‐Burgers‐Kuramoto equation
Authors: Wei L. , He Y. , Yildirim A. , Kumar S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn this paper, an implicit fully discrete local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) finite element method is considered for solving the time‐fractional KdV‐Burgers‐Kuramoto (KBK) equation. The scheme is based on a finite difference method in time and local discontinuous Galerkin methods in space. We prove that our scheme is unconditional stable and L2 error estimate for the linear case with the convergence rate O(hk+1 + (Δ t)2+ (Δ t)α/2hk+$^{1 \over 2}$). Numerical examples are presented to show the efficiency and accuracy of our scheme.
Elastic buckling of axisymmetric cylindrical shells under axial load using first order shear deformation theory
Authors: Mahboubi Nasrekani F. , Eipakchi H.R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the elastic buckling stress of axisymmetric cylindrical shells under uniform axial load is determined analytically by using the first order shear deformation theory. The equilibrium equations are derived by the virtual work principle and then the stability equations are extracted from them. They are systems of differential equations, which are solved analytically by using the perturbation method. The effects of the geometrical properties on the buckling stress are investigated by a parametric study. The results are compared with the finite elements methods.
Dynamics of mechanical systems with nonlinear nonholonomic constraints – III Analysis of motion
Authors: Zeković D.N. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe paper analyzes the motion of nonholonomic mechanical systems composed of two particles with imposition of various nonlinear limitations to the velocities of the particles – parallelism of velocities, equality of the intensities of velocities and perpendicularity of velocities. The analysis for such systems includes: equations of constraints, reactions of constraints, i.e. the mode of variations of such constraints, trajectories of the points of the systems, linear integrals for generalized velocities, i.e. cyclical coordinates. It is clearly demonstrated on these models that in the case of nonlinear nonholonomic constraints the Hamiltonian effect, in the general case, has no stationary value. Lastly, the equations of brachistochronic motion of described systems are derived and the brachitochrones of specified points are determined.
Raman microprobe spectrometry of carbon/carbon composites with differently‐textured pyrolytic carbon matrices
Authors: Zhang W. , Reznik B. , Deutschmann O. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe microstructure of carbon/carbon composites obtained by chemical vapor infiltration of carbon‐fiber felts was studied comparatively by means of Raman spectroscopy, polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction. The matrices, which are homogeneously textured according to PLM, exhibit pronounced spatial structural gradients at the sub‐μm scale if investigated by means of Raman microprobe spectrometry. The Raman and SEM observations demonstrate that the high‐temperature treatment correlates with the increasing development of the graphitic ordering in low‐ and high‐textured pyrolytic carbon matrices.
A multi‐time stepping integration method for the ultrasound heating problem
Authors: Shevchenko I. , Kaltenbacher M. , Wohlmuth B. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA two‐dimensional thermo‐acoustic problem consisting of the Pennes bioheat transfer model and a nonlinear wave equation with a temperature dependent speed of sound is considered. The large discrepancy in time scales of the wave propagation and the heat conduction processes requires a multi‐time stepping method allowing to solve both equations on different time scales. However, the standard approach considers a sequential solution process without any error control. We propose a multi‐time stepping scheme based on a fixed‐point approach resulting in a thermo‐acoustic coupling controlled by a stopping criterion. Furthermore, in most high‐intensity focused ultrasound applications the problem has to deal with absorbing boundary conditions (ABCs) in a bounded region. The use of a Lagrange multiplier based technique allows us to efficiently incorporate the second order Engquist–Majda ABC into the weak formulation of the original problem. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed multi‐time stepping method as well as improved accuracy compared to the widely used standard scheme for modeling high‐intensity focused ultrasound is demonstrated through a series of numerical examples which are typical for ultrasound heating.
On the use of sampling surfaces method for solution of 3D elasticity problems for thick shells
Authors: Kulikov G.M. , Plotnikova S.V. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis paper presents a simple and effective method of solving the 3D elasticity problems for thick shells. It is based on the new concept of sampling surfaces (S‐surfaces) inside the shell body. According to this concept, we introduce N not equally located S‐surfaces parallel to the midsurface and choose displacements of these surfaces as basic shell unknowns. Such choice allows one to represent the governing equations of the proposed higher order shell model in a very compact form and to solve the 3D static problems for thick plates and shells efficiently.
Exact solutions of the 2‐D frictional sliding contact problem of electrically insulated triangular and cylindrical punches on piezoelectric materials
Authors: Zhou Y.‐T. , Lee K.Y. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe present paper performs an exact electro‐mechanical contact analysis for piezoelectric materials under a frictional sliding triangular or cylindrical punch. The Coulomb frictional law is used inside the contact region. Appropriate fundamental solutions that can lead to real solutions of electro‐mechanical quantities are derived for real and complex eigenvalues. A second kind singular integral equation of Cauchy type is obtained for the stated problem, whose exact solution can be found by using the excellent properties of Jacobi Polynomials. Closed‐form expressions of stress components and electrical displacement are obtained, which provide benchmark solutions for examining the frictional contact behaviors of piezoelectric materials. Numeric results are presented. The influences of the friction coefficient on the contact region, stress components and electric displacement are detailed.
Exact solution for boundary layer flow of Casson fluid over a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet
Authors: Bhattacharyya K. , Hayat T. , Alsaedi A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn this investigation, the steady boundary layer flow of Casson fluid over a porous stretching/shrinking sheet is studied. The governing equations are transformed using similarity transformations and then solved analytically. In both stretching and shrinking sheet cases, the closed form exact solutions are obtained. The solution is always unique for stretching sheet case. On the other hand, in shrinking sheet case, the solution may exist or may not and if exists it may be unique or may be of dual nature; these all depend on the value of Casson parameter and wall mass transfer parameter. Also, the analysis reveals that for steady flow of Casson fluid stronger mass suction is needed.
Homogenization of thermoelasticity processes in composite materials with periodic structure of heterogeneities
Authors: Savatorova V.L. , Talonov A.V. , Vlasov A.N. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe majority of processes in composite materials involve a wide range of scales. Because of the scale disparity in multi scale problem, it's often impossible to resolve the effect of small scales directly. In this paper we perform multi scale modeling in order to analyze properties of composite materials with periodical structure under temperature and stresses influence. Each component has its own thermal and mechanical (elastic) properties. We replace differential equations with rapidly oscillating coefficients by homogenized equations having effective parameters, incorporating multi scale structure and properties of any component. The influence of any component's properties and of the layer thickness on the effective properties of whole sample has been studied. We perform comparison of results, obtained with and without account for thermostresses.
Modelling strain localization by cohesive/overlapping zones in tension/compression: Brittleness size effects and scaling in material properties
Authors: Carpinteri A. , Paggi M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe present paper is a state‐of‐the‐art review of the research carried out at the Politecnico di Torino during the last two decades on the modelling of strain localization. Introducing the elementary cohesive/overlapping models in tension/compression, it will be shown that it is possible to get a deep insight into the ductile‐to‐brittle transition and into the scaling of the material properties usually detected when testing quasi‐brittle material specimens or structures at different size‐scales.