bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUACIÓN DE FACTORES DE RIESGO CON INFLUENCIA EN LOS RETORNOS DE LOS ACTIVOS DE LA CANASTA COLCAP EN COLOMBIA, 2009-2012
Authors: Carmona MUñoz Diana Milena , Vera Leyton Marcos 
Published: July 2015

La investigación tiene como propósito evaluar los potenciales factores de riesgo con influencia en los retornos de los activos en el mercado accionario colombiano bajo el desarrollo del modelo de tres factores de Fama & French, el cual postula que el retorno esperado de las carteras es explicado por la sensibilidad de factores como el mercado, un factor tamaño y la relación ratio libro/bolsa. El desarrollo de la investigación se lleva a cabo través de un tipo de metodología cuantitativa no experimental de corte transversal utilizando un modelo multifactorial de variables microeconómicas (modelo Fama & French), a través del cual se toman las acciones que cotizan en el mercado local representadas a través de índices COLCAP en los periodos 2009-2012. La conclusión principal se fundamenta en que son los factores mercado y tamaño de las empresas (SMB), los más influyentes en el comportamiento de los retornos de los activos.
ANALISIS DEL COMPORTAMIENTO ESTRATÉGICO Y EL DESEMPEÑO ORGANIZACIONAL EN LAS PYME DEL CENTRO DE TAMAULIPAS EN MÉXICO
Authors: Sánchez Tovar Yesenia , Zerón Felix Mariana , Mendoza Cavazos Guillermo 
Published: July 2015

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el comportamiento estratégico adoptado por las PyMEs del centro de Tamaulipas en México basado en la tipología de estrategia definida por Miles y Snow (1978). Así mismo se analiza si existen diferencias entre el tipo de estrategia adoptada y el desempeño organizacional de las empresas. Para ello se aplicó el cuestionario propuesto por Aragón (1996) a 84 empresas PyME mexicanas examinándose las dimensiones que conforman la estrategia empresarial y a través de un análisis por conglomerados se clasificaron las empresas obteniéndose que el 28.5% adoptan un comportamiento estratégico reactivo frente a un 22.6% de empresas que adoptan un comportamiento explorador, un 21.4% y 27.5% de empresas con comportamiento analizador y defensivo respectivamente. Los resultados denotan que no existen diferencias significativas entre el comportamiento estratégico y el desempeño empresarial medido por las variables financieras ROI, ROA y Margen de Utilidad.
Using Multivariate Quantile Regression Analysis to Explore Cardiovascular Risk Differences in Subjects with Chronic Kidney Disease by Race and Ethnicity: Findings from the U.S. Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Longjian 
Published: July 2015

<p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Background and Aims:</strong> Adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) carry an extraordinarily high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).The present study aimed to test two hypotheses that: (1) CVD risk factors disproportionately affect non-Hispanic black (NHB) with CKD than non-Hispanic white (NHW). (2) This difference significantly contributes to an excess risk of CVD in NHB versus NHW. </span></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></strong></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 3,939 aged 21-74 years old participating in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study was analyzed. A sum weighted CVDRisk score was constructed from well-established CVD risk factors. Differences in CVDRisk score by race/ethnicity were tested using quantile regression (Qreg) analysis. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of CVD was 30.7% in NHW and 38.2% in NHB (p&lt;0.001). The means (SD) of CVDRisk score were 12.6 (5.7) in NHW and 14.6 (6.4) in NHB (p&lt;0.001). Qreg analysis indicated that NHB with estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30-59.9 ml/min/1.73m<sup>2</sup> had significantly higher (worse) CVDRisk scores across all quantiles (Qs) than NHW. This race differences in CVDRisk were also significantly higher in NHB with eGFR 60-70 ml/min/1.73m<sup>2</sup> in Qs 1 and 2 as compared to their NHW counterparts. An estimated 35.8% of the excess prevalent CVD could be attributable to the difference in CVDRisk for NHB versus NHW. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NHB have a significantly higher CVD risk factor score in those with moderate and mild CKD than NHW. </span></p>
Comparison of Two Selection Methods for Tolerance to Acidic, Aluminum‐rich Soil in Alfalfa
Authors: Reyno Rafael , Real Daniel , Brummer E. Charles 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTIn acid soils (pHwater <5), Al becomes toxic, affecting alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) root growth and development. In the southeastern United States, Al toxicity and its associated deficiencies are the most significant factors limiting alfalfa production. This study aimed to compare genetic gain for acid or Al tolerance as assessed by seedling biomass production in acidic soil under greenhouse conditions using phenotypic recurrent selection with gridding (PRSG) and among and within family selection (AWFS) in ‘Bulldog 805’ and PRSG in the germplasm ‘Cultivated Alfalfa at the Diploid Level’ (CADL) for two cycles. Selection was based on aerial biomass production or visual score 60 d after germination in Al‐rich acidic (unlimed, UL) soil and limed soil. Cycles 0, 1, and 2 from each method and population were evaluated for their root and shoot dry weight (RDW and SDW) after 60 d in UL and limed soils. Unlimed/limed soil RDW and SDW ratios were computed. CADL did not respond to selection, probably because of the lack of initial variability for Al tolerance. Bulldog 805 selected in limed soil did not result in any improvement in limed or UL conditions but selection in UL soil improved performance in acidic soil after two cycles and did not negatively affect growth in limed soil. In Bulldog 805, PRSG had the largest response per cycle: over 20% over Cycle 0 (C0). Direct selection in UL soil was the best way to improve growth in acidic Al‐rich soils. These results need to be validated in the field.
Overexpression of Rice OsGAI in Rice and Tobacco Modulates Gibberellic Acid‐Dependent Responses
Authors: Roy Sheuli , Chattopadhyay Tirthartha , Maiti Mrinal K. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTGibberellin, or gibberellic acid (GA), is a crucial phytohormone for its role in overall plant growth and development, particularly in the regulation of plant height. Among the GA‐signaling mutants, the gai (GA insensitive) gene has been well studied in Arabidopsis [Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.] system. The wild‐type GAI, being a DELLA‐family protein, acts as a nuclear‐localized GA‐signaling repressor that restrains the expression of other genes associated with GA‐induced growth processes. Here we document alteration in GA‐dependent multiple responses obtained through overexpression and expression of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) wild‐type GAI (OsGAI) gene in the endogenous (rice) and heterologous (tobacco [Nicotiana tabacum L.]) plant systems, respectively. In both cases, the transgenic lines were found to have significantly reduced plant height, decreased seed α‐amylase activity, reduced early seedling growth, a higher level of anthocyanin pigmentation, and reduced stem cell‐wall lignifications. Leaf chlorophyll content was found to be increased in transgenic rice but decreased in transgenic tobacco lines. The reduced lignification in transgenic tobacco was observed to be reversible on exogenous GA application and correlated to the hypersensitivity toward oxidative stress. Findings of the present research advance our understanding on the complex interplay between GAI and interacting molecules responsible for several physiological processes in plant systems.
Medical Oxygen Concentrators for Releasing Seed Dormancy
Authors: Brenner David M. , Dekker Jack , Niemi Jarad , Pfiffner Lisa 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTA new method is demonstrated for using concentrated oxygen (O2 gas) to release seed dormancy. Concentrated O2 gas in air is known to release seed dormancy in some seeds, including some foxtail (Setaria) species. New medical equipment makes O2 gas easier to work with than before, so laboratories working with dormant seeds can now use concentrated O2 gas as a seed treatment on a production basis. Use of medical O2 gas concentrators is simpler and safer than using O2 gas supplied by pressurized gas cylinders. Suitable medical O2 gas concentrators in new or used condition are readily available, operate on standard electrical current, and deliver O2 gas with low‐pressure tubes and fittings. Resealable plastic bags are inflated with concentrated O2 gas and then sealed as seed treatment chambers. This use of concentrated O2 gas is confirmed to significantly increase the germination of dormant seeds of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm) and plains bristlegrass (S. macrostachya Kunth).
Dilative Arteriopathy and Leucencephalopathy as Manifestations of a Neurometabolic Disease
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Bastovansky Adam 
Published: July 2015

Background:
Dilative arteriopathy plus leucencephalopathy as a manifestation of a mitochondrial disorder (MID) is rare.

Case report:
In a 70yo Caucasian female, height 160cm, weight 62kg, with mild right-sided hemiparesis due to subacute ischemic stroke in the posterior leg of the left internal capsule, a megadolichobasilar artery and marked leucencephalopathy and gliosis of the pons were detected. In addition, microbleeds in a peripheral distribution at the cortical/subcortical border were noted. After the exclusion of various differentials, which could have explained her abnormalities, a MID was suspected.

Conclusions:
Dilative arteriopathy of the intra-cerebral arteries, in association with recurrent stroke and supra- and infratentorial leucencephalopathy, but the absence of neurofibromatosis or increased low-density lipoprotein values, is most likely attributable to a non-syndromic MID.
Modernization of a surface grinding machine with a novel ball screw drive
Authors: Çelen Serap 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Several manufacturing methods have been adopted to modify old grinding machines. The purpose of the present study has two aspects: the design of a novel bear housing and a rigid ball screw system, and their exact manufacture to provide accuracy and reduce voices at the cross axis. The components of the new ball screw system were manufactured and they were integrated in a legendary Jones Shipman grinding machine.
Ductile fracture behavior of low carbon high strength steel using continuum damage mechanics
Authors: Ajit K. Priya , Gautam Abhinav , Sarkar P. K. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In this paper ductile fracture of low carbon high strength steel is estimated following the phenomenological approach of continuum damage mechanics (CDM) evolved by Lemaitre. This assumes damage, corresponding to void growth and their coalescence during large deformation, to be isotropic and ductile in nature. The CDM formalism allows estimating the ductile behavior by a damage variable D. This is evaluated from elastic modulus degradation measurement of uniaxial tensile tests with loading–unloading cycles. The result obtained in terms of D
C, the critical value of damage, is found to be 0.44. This gives a measure of ductile fracture from the CDM approach. Respective average D values corresponding to every elastic modulus degradation estimate are used for simulation of ductile behavior of the material. The simulation result closely approximates the experimental flow curve up to about 15 % of strain with minor deviation beyond this strain level up to fracture. The method shown provides a way to evaluate ductile behavior of a material conveniently.
Is Oral Contrast Necessary for Multidetector Computed Tomography Imaging of Patients with Acute Abdominal Pain?
Authors: Alabousi Abdullah , Patlas Michael N. , Sne Niv , Katz Douglas S. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose The purpose of our study was to validate the hypothesis that eliminating the use of oral contrast for multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) would not affect the detection of acute abdominal abnormalities in emergency room patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective study to assess the effect of discontinuing oral contrast use for MDCT scans of the abdomen and pelvis for patients presenting with acute abdominal pain and body mass index (BMI) >25. Patients with BMI <25 continued to receive oral contrast. The medical records were reviewed to determine the rate of repeat imaging within 7 days from the initial CT scan, as well as delayed or missed diagnoses related to the absence of oral contrast. The study was approved by the research ethics board at our institution. Results A total of 1378 patients had an MDCT examination of the abdomen and pelvis between November 1, 2012, and October 31, 2013. 375 patients met the inclusion criteria (174 males and 201 females; mean age 57 years; range 18-97 years). Seven of 375 (1.9%) patients had a repeat CT examination with oral contrast within 7 days. Of these 7 patients, none had a change in the course of their management due to the utilization of oral contrast. No delayed or missed diagnoses related to the absence of oral contrast were identified. Conclusion Omitting oral contrast for imaging patients with BMI >25 presenting with acute abdominal pain resulted in no delayed or missed diagnoses, in our retrospective study. The benefits of prompt imaging diagnosis outweigh the unlikely need for repeat imaging.
Development of a flow cytometric method to detect the presence of mutated nucleophosmin 1 in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Du Pisani Louis Almero , Shires Karen 
Published: July 2015

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND:
Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) plays multiple roles in cell growth and proliferation. Deletion/insertion mutations in exon 12 of NPM1 (NPM1-DIM), commonly found in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), alter the C-terminal amino acids and disrupt the normal nucleocytoplasmic shuttling function of the protein, which in turn leads to disease pathogenesis. However, this altered function as a result of NPM1-DIM positivity is actually associated with a significantly better response to therapy and overall survival, and thus it is of clinical relevance to investigate the mutation status at diagnosis. Our objective was to design a reliable flow cytometry assay to detect mutated NPM1 in peripheral blood (PB) samples from AML patients, using a polyclonal mutation-specific antibody.

METHODS:
A commercially available NPM1 mutation-specific polyclonal antibody in combination with a secondary goat antirabbit antibody was used to detect the C-terminal-mutated NPM1 by flow cytometry. OCI/AML3 (+) cell line and clinical PB controls were used to optimize the assay and determine sensitivity, reliability, and reproducibility parameters. The assay was then tested on a small cohort of 12 AML patients at diagnosis and compared with NPM1-DIM testing on a standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) platform.

RESULTS:
Flow cytometry using the polyclonal antibody was able to reliably detect mutated NPM1 populations of at least 10%. Using an objective analysis of the mean fluorescent intensity, clear positive and negative mutated cell populations could be distinguished using the clinical AML samples. From the analysis of 12 patients, 2 were found to be positive using this assay, which corresponded with conventional PCR methodology.

CONCLUSIONS:
Flow cytometry may be used to detect NPM1 C-terminal mutations in AML patients using a polyclonal anti-NPM1 antibody, allowing rapid mutation status determination at diagnosis.
Psychiatric illness, medication and driving: an audit of documentation
Authors: Gallagher A. , Shah S. , Abassi W. , Walsh E. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivesGuidelines on advising patients on fitness to drive have been published recently by the Road Safety Authority in collaboration with the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland. The aim of this audit is to assess if the new guidelines are being adhered to.MethodExamination of the documentation and adherence to the guidelines in the inpatient psychiatric unit, Mayo General Hospital.ResultsOf the 100 patients included in audit cycle one, none had any specific documentation about driving. One patient was admitted with alcohol misuse and was driving. On re-auditing, following presentation at academic meeting and education of team members on the guidelines, there was a minor improvement of 7%.ConclusionThere was no significant difference in documentation on re-audit. However, an increase of 7% is nonetheless encouraging. Information concerning driving should be a standard part of advice given to all psychiatric patients.
SURPRISING RESULTS: HIV TESTING AND CHANGES IN CONTRACEPTIVE PRACTICES AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN MALAWI
Authors: Sennott Christie , Yeatman Sara 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThis study uses eight waves of data from the population-based Tsogolo la Thanzi study (2009–2011) in rural Malawi to examine changes in young women’s contraceptive practices, including the use of condoms, non-barrier contraceptive methods and abstinence, following positive and negative HIV tests. The analysis factors in women’s prior perceptions of their HIV status that may already be shaping their behaviour and separates surprise HIV test results from those that merely confirm what was already believed. Fixed-effects logistic regression models show that HIV testing frequently affects the contraceptive practices of young Malawian women, particularly when the test yields an unexpected result. Specifically, women who are surprised to test HIV positive increase their condom use and are more likely to use condoms consistently. Following an HIV-negative test (whether a surprise or expected), women increase their use of condoms and decrease their use of non-barrier contraceptives; the latter may be due to an increase in abstinence following a surprise negative result. Changes in condom use following HIV testing are robust to the inclusion of potential explanatory mechanisms, including fertility preferences, relationship status and the perception that a partner is HIV positive. The results demonstrate that both positive and negative tests can influence women’s sexual and reproductive behaviours, and emphasize the importance of conceptualizing of HIV testing as offering new information only insofar as results deviate from prior perceptions of HIV status.
Investigation of the morphological diversity of the potentially zoonoticTrypanosoma copemaniin quokkas and Gilbert's potoroos
Authors: AUSTEN JILL M. , REID SIMON A. , ROBINSON DERRICK R. , FRIEND JAMES A. , DITCHAM WILLIAM G. F. , IRWIN PETER J. , RYAN UNA 
Published: July 2015

SUMMARYTrypanosomes are blood-borne parasites that can cause severe disease in both humans and animals, yet little is known of the pathogenicity and life-cycles of trypanosomes in native Australian mammals.Trypanosoma copemaniis known to be infective to a variety of Australian marsupials and has recently been shown to be potentially zoonotic as it is resistant to normal human serum. In the present study,in vivoandin vitroexamination of blood and cultures from Australian marsupials was conducted using light microscopy, immunofluorescence, scanning electron microscopy and fluorescencein situhybridization. Promastigote, sphaeromastigote and amastigote life-cycle stages were detectedin vivoandin vitro. Novel trypanosome-like stages were also detected bothin vivoandin vitrorepresenting an oval stage, an extremely thin stage, an adherent stage and a tiny round stage. The tiny round and adherent stages appeared to adhere to erythrocytes causing potential haematological damage with clinical effects similar to haemolytic anaemia. The present study shows for the first time that trypomastigotes are not the only life-cycle stages circulating within the blood stream of trypanosome infected Australian native marsupials and provides insights into possible pathogenic mechanisms of this potentially zoonotic trypanosome species.
“People are Getting Lost a Little Bit”: Systemic Factors that Contribute to Falls in Community-Dwelling Octogenarians
Authors: Gotzmeister Dorothy , Zecevic Aleksandra A. , Klinger Lisa , Salmoni Alan 
Published: July 2015

RÉSUMÉLes octogénaires qui habitent aux communautés sont la caractéristique la plus croissante dans la démographie du Canada. Au même temps, ils ont la plus forte prévalence des chutes et neuf fois plus de risques de blessures dues à une chute [par rapport a qui]? Une approche systématique est essentielle pour améliorer la sécurité des octogenaires qui vieillissent en place (chez soi). Comprendre comment les facteurs sociaux interagissent et affectent les aînés peuvent aider à identifier et éliminer les carences en matière de sécurité qui provoquent des chutes. Le but de cette étude était d'identifier les facteurs dans l'ensemble du système qui contribuent aux chutes chez les octogénaires qui habitent aux communautés. Huit chutes ont été étudiées en utilisant une méthode systématique d'examiner les chutes (MSEC). Les participants étaient âgés de 83 à 90 ans. Les analyses à travers des cas ont identifiées 247 facteurs contributifs, regroupés au sein de quatre thèmes distincts: (a) la vie quotidienne est devenu plein de risque; (B) la surveillance est limitée; (C) le système de soins de santé montre la déconnexion; et (d) l'identification et le suivi des chutes est défectueux. Cette étude qualitative permet des apércus systématiques sur comment et pourquoi les chutes se produisent chez les octogénaires dans les communautés.
Diverse Family Structures and the Care of Older Persons
Authors: Roberto Karen A. , Blieszner Rosemary 
Published: July 2015

RÉSUMÉLes tendances démographiques et sociales aboutissent à une variété de contextes structurels internes à un niveau micro qui influent sur la prestation de soins pour les familles avec des membres plus âgés. Les résultats des changements au niveau macro ont attiré peu d'attention sur les études du vieillissement, où une grande partie des recherches sur la prestation de soins a traité de questions dans le contexte de la structure familiale traditionnelle. La plupart des soins aux personnes agées est fournie par des parents, bien qu'avec les modes d'engagement et de responsabilité dans les structures familiales variées. Pourtant, le modèle de la famille nucléaire conventionnelle devient de plus en plus rare, puisque nouveaux modèles pluralistes de la vie familiale apparaîssent dans la société contemporaine. Les familles conventionnelles et pluralistes, tous les deux, font face aux défis en répondant à la nécessité pour les soins de leurs membres les plus anciens, en laissant certaines personnes âgées à risque de ne pas avoir réponse aux besoins. Des recherches supplémentaires seront justifiées au sujet du risque et de la résilience de la famille relative à la prise en charge des parents âgés, particulièrement concernant les modèles pluralistes de la vie familiale.