bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical practice models in nursing education: implication for students' mobility
Authors: Dobrowolska B. , McGonagle I. , Jackson C. , Kane R. , Cabrera E. , Cooney‐Miner D. , Di Cara V. , Pajnkihar M. , Prlić N. , Sigurdardottir A.K. , Kekuš D. , Wells J. , Palese A. 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundIn accordance with the process of nursing globalization, issues related to the increasing national and international mobility of student and qualified nurses are currently being debated. Identifying international differences and comparing similarities for mutual understanding, development and better harmonization of clinical training of undergraduate nursing students is recommended.AimsThe aim of the study was to describe and compare the nature of the nursing clinical practice education models adopted in different countries.MethodsA qualitative approach involving an expert panel of nurses was adopted. The Nominal Group Technique was employed to develop the initial research instrument for data collection. Eleven members of the UDINE‐C network, representing institutions engaged in the process of professional nursing education and research (universities, high schools and clinical institutes), participated. Three data collection rounds were implemented. An analysis of the findings was performed, assuring rigour.ResultsDifferences and homogeneity are reported and discussed regarding: (a) the clinical learning requirements across countries; (b) the prerequisites and clinical learning process patterns; and (c) the progress and final evaluation of the competencies achieved.ConclusionsA wider discussion is needed regarding nursing student exchange and internalization of clinical education in placements across European and non‐European countries. A clear strategy for nursing education accreditation and harmonization of patterns of organization of clinical training at placements, as well as strategies of student assessment during this training, are recommended. There is also a need to develop international ethical guidelines for undergraduate nursing students gaining international experience.
Preparation, Structure, and Up‐Conversion Luminescence of Yb3+/Er3+ Codoped SrIn2O4 Phosphors
Authors: Guan Ming , Zheng Hong , Mei Lefu , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xie Jing , Yang Tao , Wu Xiaowen , Huang Saifang , Huang Zhaohui 
Published: January 2015

SrIn2O4, which shows lower phonon energy than CaIn2O4, is not only a good photocatalyst but also can be an excellent up‐conversion (UC) host to exhibits UC luminescence. In this work, Yb3+ and/or Er3+ doped SrIn2O4 phosphors were synthesized, and their UC luminescence properties were studied and compared with those in the CaIn2O4 host. The structure of SrIn2O4: 0.01Er3+ and SrIn2O4: 0.1Yb3+/0.01Er3+ samples were refined by the Rietveld method and found to that SrIn2O4: 0.1Yb3+/0.01Er3+ showed increasing unit cell parameters and cell volume, indicating In3+ sites were substituted successfully by Yb3+ and/or Er3+ ions. From the UC luminescence spectra and diffuse reflection spectra, Er3+‐doped SrIn2O4 showed very weak luminescence due to ground state absorption of Er3+; Yb3+/Er3+ codoped SrIn2O4 presented strong green (550 nm) and red (663 nm) UC emissions which were assigned to energy transfer from Yb3+ transition 2F7/2→2F5/2 to the Er3+ transition 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2. Comparing with CaIn2O4, Yb3+/Er3+ codoped SrIn2O4 showed obvious advantages with higher UC luminescent intensity. The pumping powers study showed that UC emissions in Yb3+/Er3+ codoped SrIn2O4 were attributed to energy transfer of Yb3+→Er3+ with a two‐photon process. The possible UC luminescent mechanism of Yb3+/Er3+‐doped SrIn2O4 was discussed.
Spouses’ involvement in older patients’ fast‐track programmes during total hip replacement using case management intervention. A study protocol of the SICAM‐trial
Authors: Berthelsen Connie Bøttcher , Kristensson Jimmie 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimTo present the protocol of a two‐group quasi‐experimental study of spouses’ involvement through case management (The SICAM‐trial) in older patients’ fast‐track programmes during total hip replacement.BackgroundPatients in fast‐track programmes are required to take an active part in their treatment and rehabilitation. Spouses of older patients can often provide valued practical and emotional support, reducing stress, pain and length of stay – yet they are seldom invited to participate in a supporting role.DesignA two‐group quasi‐experimental design with pre‐test and repeated post‐test measures (protocol approved in November 2012).MethodsA total of 120 patients aged 65 years or older going through a fast‐track programme for a total hip replacement and their spouses will be recruited from one Danish orthopaedic ward. We will initially include the control group for data collection and subsequently include the intervention group to avoid contamination of the control group. A case manager will be recruited to perform the case management intervention. Data will be collected from both groups at baseline, 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery. Outcome measures for patients include: functional status, nutrition, pain, depression and healthcare consumptions; and for spouses: caregiver satisfaction and difficulties and anxiety.ConclusionThe intervention will give further evidence on the need for relatives’ participation in the patients’ fast‐track programmes and the results will contribute to education of the health professionals in their need to include relatives in fast‐track programmes. The study was funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation and the Regional Health Scientific Foundation of Sealand.
Nurses’, midwives’ and key stakeholders’ experiences and perceptions of a scope of nursing and midwifery practice framework
Authors: Casey Mary , Fealy Gerard , Kennedy Catriona , Hegarty Josephine , Prizeman Geraldine , McNamara Martin , O'Reilly Pauline , Brady Anne‐Marie , Rohde Daniela 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimThis paper reports on the qualitative findings from a national review of a nursing and midwifery scope of practice framework.BackgroundScope of professional practice frameworks offers a system of rules and principles to regulate its members and demonstrate its responsibility to society. Key issues in reviewing the scope of practice include notions of specialist and advanced practice, accountability, autonomy, competence, supervision, continuing professional development and delegation. Evaluation of scope of practice frameworks has particular application value to nurses, midwives, regulatory bodies and healthcare employers across the globe.DesignA mixed methods approach was used. This included a national survey of nurses and midwives and focus groups and interviews with key stakeholders. The qualitative data are reported in this paper.MethodsFocus groups and interviews were conducted among a convenience purposive sample of key stakeholders, including nurses and midwives working in the widest range of services and settings in 2014. The participants contributed to thirteen focus groups and thirteen interviews.FindingsSix global themes, as follows: Evolution of the nursing and midwifery professions and practice; Scope of practice: understanding and use; Expanding scope of practice; Professional competence; Practice setting and context; Reflections on the current framework.ConclusionPractitioners understand the scope of professional practice and while some see it as empowering others see it as potentially restrictive. Nurses and midwives are generally willing to expand their scope of practice and see it as resulting in improved patient care, improvement in overall quality of standards and increased job satisfaction.
Predictors of initial weight loss among women with abdominal obesity: a path model using self‐efficacy and health‐promoting behaviour
Authors: Choo Jina , Kang Hyuncheol 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimTo identify predictors of initial weight loss among women with abdominal obesity by using a path model.BackgroundSuccessful weight loss in the initial stages of long‐term weight management may promote weight loss maintenance.DesignA longitudinal study design.MethodsStudy participants were 75 women with abdominal obesity, who were enrolled in a 12‐month Community‐based Heart and Weight Management Trial and followed until a 6‐month assessment. The Weight Efficacy Lifestyle, Exercise Self‐Efficacy and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile‐II measured diet self‐efficacy, exercise self‐efficacy and health‐promoting behaviour respectively. All endogenous and exogenous variables used in our path model were change variables from baseline to 6 months. Data were collected between May 2011–May 2012.FindingsBased on the path model, increases in both diet and exercise self‐efficacy had significant effects on increases in health‐promoting behaviour. Increases in diet self‐efficacy had a significant indirect effect on initial weight loss via increases in health‐promoting behaviour. Increases in health‐promoting behaviour had a significant effect on initial weight loss.ConclusionAmong women with abdominal obesity, increased diet self‐efficacy and health‐promoting behaviour were predictors of initial weight loss. A mechanism by which increased diet self‐efficacy predicts initial weight loss may be partially attributable to health‐promoting behavioural change. However, more work is still needed to verify causality. Based on the current findings, intensive nursing strategies for increasing self‐efficacy for weight control and health‐promoting behaviour may be essential components for better weight loss in the initial stage of a weight management intervention.
Systematic mixed‐methods review of interventions, outcomes and experiences for imprisoned pregnant women
Authors: Shaw Judith , Downe Soo , Kingdon Carol 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimsTo review published studies reporting maternity experiences and outcomes for pregnant incarcerated women and their babies.BackgroundNumbers of women in prison have increased in many countries. Imprisoned women who are pregnant are particularly vulnerable and marginalised. Little is known about their maternity care experiences, or outcomes.DesignSystematic mixed‐methods review using a segregated approach.Data sourcesThe Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE Psych INFO and PubMed were searched using the terms ‘mother’ and ‘prison’, (January 1995–July 2012). From July 2012–May 2014 possible new studies were identified through scrutiny of 50 relevant journal contents pages via Zetoc.ResultsSeven studies met the review criteria and quality standards, all from the USA or UK. Four of the studies were quantitative; two were qualitative; and one used mixed‐methods. None reported the outcomes of an intervention. Examination of the quantitative data identified a complex picture of potential harms and benefits for babies born in prison. Qualitative data revealed the unique needs of childbearing women in prison, as they continuously negotiate being an inmate, becoming a mother, complex social histories and the threat of losing their baby, all coalescing with opportunities for transformation offered by pregnancy.ConclusionsThere is very limited published data on the experiences and outcomes of childbearing women in prison. There appear to be no good quality intervention studies examining the effectiveness of interventions to improve well‐being in the short or longer term for these women and their babies.
Factors influencing how senior nurses and midwives acquire and integrate coaching skills into routine practice: a grounded theory study
Authors: Rafferty Rae , Fairbrother Greg 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimTo introduce a theory which describes the process of and explicates the factors moderating, the acquisition and integration of leadership coaching skills into the routine practice of senior nurses and midwives.BackgroundOrganizations invest significant resources in leadership coaching programs to ensure that coaching is embedded as a core function of the manager's role. However, even after training, many managers remain unable to undertake this role successfully. The process by which health professionals translate ‘manager as coach’ training into successful practice outcomes, has remained largely unexplored.DesignA grounded theory study design.MethodsData, collected between February 2012–May 2013, included in‐depth interviews with 20 senior nurses and midwives who had attended a leadership coaching program and analysis of nine reflective practice journals. Multiple researchers coded and analysed the data using constant comparative techniques.ResultsThe outcomes of coaching training ranged from inappropriate use of the coaching skills through to transformed managerial practice. These outcomes were influenced by the dynamic interaction of three central domains of the emergent theoretical model: pre‐existing individual perceptions, program elements and contemporaneous experiences. Interactions occurred within the domains and between them, impacting on activators such as courage, motivation, commitment and confidence.ConclusionThe study offers new insights into how senior nurses and midwives acquire and integrate coaching skills into their routine practice. The process is described as multifactorial and dynamic and has implications for the training design, delivery and organizational support of future leadership coaching programs.
Therapeutic play intervention on children's perioperative anxiety, negative emotional manifestation and postoperative pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: He Hong‐Gu , Zhu Lixia , Chan Sally Wai‐Chi , Liam Joanne Li Wee , Li Ho Cheung William , Ko Saw Sandar , Klainin‐Yobas Piyanee , Wang Wenru 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimTo examine if therapeutic play intervention could reduce perioperative anxiety, negative emotional manifestation and postoperative pain in children undergoing inpatient elective surgery.BackgroundChildren undergoing surgery commonly experience anxiety and postoperative pain and exhibit negative emotional manifestations. Previous studies have shown inconsistent conclusions about the influence of therapeutic play on children's perioperative anxiety, negative emotional manifestation and postoperative pain.DesignA randomized controlled trial was used.MethodsSuitable children were recruited from November 2011–August 2013. They were randomized to receive either routine care (control group, n = 47) or a 1‐hour therapeutic play intervention (experimental group, n = 48). Children's state anxiety, negative emotional manifestations and postoperative pain were measured at baseline, on the day of surgery and around 24 hours after surgery. Repeated measures analysis of covariance (ancova) and univariate ancova adjusting for all possible confounding factors were used in the data analysis.ResultsThe time effect of state anxiety was significant, but no group and interaction (group x time) effects between the control and experimental groups were found. Compared with the control group, children in the experimental group demonstrated significantly lower scores of negative emotional manifestations prior to anaesthesia induction and postoperative pain.ConclusionsTherapeutic play intervention is effective in reducing negative emotional manifestations before anaesthesia induction and in reducing postoperative pain in children undergoing inpatient elective surgery. These results suggest that it is useful to give children with therapeutic play intervention prior to inpatient elective surgery.
High‐alert medications in a French paediatric university hospital
Authors: Bataille Julie , Prot‐Labarthe Sonia , Bourdon Olivier , Joret Perrine , Brion Françoise , Hartmann Jean‐François 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesHigh‐alert medications (HAMs) are medications that are associated with a high risk of serious harm if used improperly. The objective of this study was to identify paediatric HAM used in our institution and to identify safety measures for their use.MethodsThe list of HAM and the list of safety measures that were introduced in our department were based on (1) a literature search; (2) a survey of health care professionals in our department including doctors, head nurses, nurses and pharmacists; and (3) the drug steering committee.ResultsWe found four lists of HAM based on a literature search, including 27 classes of pharmaceutical agents, and 63 common drug names. The response rate of the survey was 20.7% (230 of 1113). Some of the HAMs included in our list were not identified by the literature search. These included neuroleptic drugs, anti‐malarial agents, antiviral agents, anti‐retroviral agents and intravenous acetaminophen. The drug steering committee selected 17 HAM and highlighted 53 safety measures involving seven broad aspects of pharmacological management.ConclusionsThis project was part of the new safety strategies developed in a paediatric hospital. We set out to make a list of HAM relevant to paediatrics with additional safety measures to prevent medication errors associated and a ‘joker’ system. The various safety measures, such as double‐checking of HAM prescriptions, should be reviewed during the year following their implementation. This list, which was developed in our hospital specifically for use in paediatrics, can be adapted for use in other paediatric departments.
Impact of the Provider and Healthcare team Adherence to Treatment Guidelines (PHAT‐G) intervention on adherence to national obesity clinical practice guidelines in a primary care centre
Authors: Barnes Emily R. , Theeke Laurie A. , Mallow Jennifer 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesObesity is significantly underdiagnosed and undertreated in primary care settings. The purpose of this clinical practice change project was to increase provider adherence to national clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of obesity in adults.MethodsBased upon the National Institutes of Health guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of obesity, a clinical change project was implemented. Guided by the theory of planned behaviour, the Provider and Healthcare team Adherence to Treatment Guidelines (PHAT‐G) intervention includes education sessions, additional provider resources for patient education, a provider reminder system and provider feedback.ResultsPrimary care providers did not significantly increase on documentation of diagnosis and planned management of obesity for patients with body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30. Medical assistants increased recording of height, weight and BMI in the patient record by 13%, which was significant.ConclusionsDocumentation of accurate BMI should lead to diagnosis of appropriate weight category and subsequent care planning. Future studies will examine barriers to adherence to clinical practice guidelines for obesity. Interventions are needed that include inter‐professional team members and may be more successful if delivered separately from routine primary care visits.
The role of personality variables in predicting attitudes toward people with intellectual disability: An Australian perspective
Authors: Page S. L. , Islam M. R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundPersonality dimensions such as openness and agreeableness have been found to be associated with prejudice levels towards several minority groups. Yet these variables have been mostly ignored by existing research into attitudes towards people with intellectual disability (PWID), which has primarily focused on contact and demographic variables. The current study investigated the relationship between personality dimensions and attitudes toward PWID.MethodsAn online survey was completed by 466 adult participants recruited through a variety of sources. The survey consisted of a well‐validated attitude survey, the Big Five inventory, contact related and demographic questions.ResultsThe hypothesis that higher levels of the personality dimensions openness and agreeableness would be significantly associated with positive attitudes towards PWID was supported. However the effect was relatively weak and the strongest predicting factor of positive attitudes was increased quality of contact with PWID. More positive attitudes were also associated with females, more highly educated and younger participants.ConclusionsResults provide support for an integrated (including person and situational factors) theoretical approach to attitudes research in this field. Practically, results support programmes that stimulate and promote quality interactions between PWID and the wider community.
Trust and Transparency: Patient Perceptions of Physicians' Financial Relationships with Pharmaceutical Companies
Authors: Perry Joshua E. , Cox Dena , Cox Anthony D. 
Published: January 2015

Financial relationships and business transactions between physicians and the health care industry are common. These relationships take a variety of forms, including payments to physicians in exchange for consulting services, reimbursement of physician travel expenses when attending medical device and pharmaceutical educational conferences, physician ownership in life science company stocks, and the provision of free drug samples. Such practices are not intrinsic to medical practice, but as the Institute of Medicine described in its 2009 report, these relationships have the potential to produce positive collaborations that improve patient care and public health, and most physicians view it as “ethically proper to accept items ranging from drug samples to a lucrative consultantship.”However, financial relationships between physicians and pharmaceutical, medical device and biotechnology companies can also create negative influences on physician judgment that compromise patient care and jeopardize the public’s trust.
The Hair Stylist, the Corn Merchant, and the Doctor: Ambiguously Altruistic
Authors: Shepherd Lois 
Published: January 2015

The AHP Code of Ethics requires members to serve the best interests of their clients, be clear and honest with them, and keep their secrets confidential. Members pledge to represent their skills and qualifications honestly and to make appropriate referrals to others more qualified when out of their depth.AHP stands for “Associated Hair Professionals,” or hair stylists, but their Code of Ethics looks a lot like the Hippocratic Oath and the current Principles of Medical Ethics of the American Medical Association. All of these ethics statements emphasize honesty, confidentiality, competence, serving patients’ (or clients’) best interests, and willingness to refer to other qualified professionals. But it’s not just doctors and hair professionals who have Codes of Ethics. The SPCP — Society of Permanent Cosmetic Professionals —requires its members to “maintain high professional standards consistent with sound practices,” “conduct business relationships in a manner that is fair to all,” and avoid false or misleading statements to the effect that the application of permanent makeup is not tattooing, not permanent, and not painful. (Physicians might consider that last point — I’m grateful for the time my doctor once warned me, “This is really going to hurt.”)