bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opinion mining et ‎Sentiment analysis
Authors: Boullier Dominique , Lohard Audrey 
Published: September 2015

L’ « opinion mining » est en passe de devenir une véritable industrie, tout aussi stratégique que celle des sondages. Les promesses avancées sont impressionnantes : la puissance de calcul des outils informatiques permettrait de suivre toutes les évolutions de l’opinion sur le web en temps réel, quel qu’en soit le volume. Plus encore, les capacités de traitement linguistique permettraient de détecter les tonalités de tous les verbatims recueillis, grâce aux méthodes dites de « sentiment analysis ».
L’état de l’art des offres commerciales et technologiques présenté dans cet ouvrage rend compte de cette effervescence mais en souligne aussi la démesure, en veillant à distinguer les résultats réels des slogans promotionnels quelquefois trompeurs.
L’ouvrage écrit par des chercheurs du médialab de Sciences Po, laboratoire spécialisé dans le traitement des masses de données disponibles sur le web pour les sciences sociales, permet aussi de resituer l’intérêt de ces nouveaux moyens techniques pour la recherche, dans le cadre de ce qu’on appelle désormais les « humanités numériques ».
Enfin, soucieux de permettre à chaque lecteur de prendre en main ces outils, certes puissants mais aux limites de validité bien réelles, les auteurs décrivent pas à pas toutes les phases d’un projet mobilisant les méthodes d’opinion mining, en précisant les pièges et les impératifs d’intervention de l’expertise humaine, toujours nécessaire.
Largement illustré, cet ouvrage devrait encourager les chercheurs, les professionnels de l’opinion et du marketing tout autant que les informaticiens et spécialistes des « web studies » à échanger pour faire progresser ces outils communs.
Qu’est-ce que l’identité numérique ?
Authors: Ertzscheid Olivier 
Published: September 2015

Qu’est-ce que l’identité numérique et l’e-réputation ? Cette question se pose aujourd’hui dans le cadre de l'écosystème internet pour les usages individuels et collectifs.
Cet ouvrage présente de manière accessible l'état de la recherche sur ces questions et propose un tour d'horizon des enjeux fondamentaux à maîtriser pour pouvoir garder le contrôle sur sa présence en ligne ou sur celle de son organisation.
Ce livre s'adresse à ceux qui, soucieux de découvrir la richesse de cette problématique, aux entreprises, organisations et collectivités à la recherche d'une méthodologie et de bonnes pratiques sur ces questions, ainsi qu'à toute personne qui s'est déjà, ne serait-ce qu'une fois, posé la question de savoir si la publication d'une information, d'une vidéo, d'une photographie, d'un statut Facebook, ne risquait pas de lui porter un jour préjudice, à lui, à l'un de ses proches ou à son employeur. Et surtout, ce livre s'adresse à toutes les personnes qui ne se sont jamais posées cette question.

Cet ouvrage a été réalisé avec le soutien du Labex Hastec.
Qu’est-ce qu’un lieu de savoir ?
Authors: Jacob Christian 
Published: September 2015

Comment les savoirs sont-ils produits ? Comment se transmettent-ils ? Quelle approche adopter pour apprendre à les observer ?

Qu’il s’agisse d’un laboratoire, d’une agora grecque, d’un jardin botanique, d’une table de travail ou d’une bibliothèque, chaque lieu de savoir possède une dynamique propre, conséquence de son histoire et de ses spécificités. En mêlant l’observation des pratiques à l’interprétation des méthodes de pensée, cet ouvrage étudie les lieux de l’activité savante dans une approche comparatiste.

Construit comme une invitation à la réflexion, situé à la frontière entre histoire et anthropologie, cet ouvrage tente de baliser les hypothèses et les enjeux d’une nouvelle approche des savoirs humains. Il s’adresse à tous les lecteurs qui souhaitent s’engager dans des cheminements parallèles ; il déploie des pistes de réflexion pour les humanités d’aujourd’hui et de demain.

Cet ouvrage a été réalisé avec le soutien du Labex Hastec.
Combining Motivational and Physical Intervention Components to Promote Fall-Reducing Physical Activity Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: McMahon Siobhan Kathleen , Wyman Jean F. , Belyea Michael J. , Shearer Nelma , Hekler Eric B. , Fleury Julie 
Published: September 2015

Purpose. To assess the feasibility of a new intervention, Ready~Steady, in terms of demand, acceptability, implementation, and limited efficacy. Design. Randomized controlled trial; repeated measures. Setting. Two rural communities in Itasca County, Minnesota. Subjects. Thirty participants were randomized to an intervention (n = 16) or attention-control (n = 14) group. Intervention. Ready~Steady combined two components: (1) motivational (motivational support, social network support, empowering education), and (2) fall-reducing physical activities (PAs; guidance to practice leg-strengthening, balance, and flexibility activities and walking). Measures. Acceptability questionnaire and Indices of Procedural Consistency (investigator developed), Community Health Activity Model Program for Seniors Questionnaire (confirmed with accelerometry), Short Physical Performance Battery, Perceived Environmental Support Scale, Social Support for Exercise Questionnaire, Goal Attainment Scale, Index of Readiness, and Index of Self-Regulation. Analysis. Descriptive statistics and a marginal approach to repeated-measures analysis of variance, using mixed-model procedures. Results. Attrition was 7% and mean attendance was 7.2 of 8 sessions, participants evaluated Ready~Steady as acceptable, and implementation fidelity was good. The intervention group improved significantly more than the attention-control group in PA behavior, F1,27 = 11.92, p = .002; fall risk (functional balance and strength), F1,27 = 14.89, p = .001; support for exercise from friends, F1,27 = 11.44, p = .002; and self-regulation, F1,26 = 38.82, p < .005. Conclusion. The Ready~Steady intervention was feasible as evidenced by low attrition and good attendance and implementation, as well as positive effects on targeted outcomes and theoretical mechanisms of change.
The Effects of Telecommuting Intensity on Employee Health
Authors: Henke Rachel Mosher , Benevent Richele , Schulte Patricia , Rinehart Christine , Crighton K. Andrew , Corcoran Maureen 
Published: September 2015

Purpose. To investigate the influence of the intensity of telecommuting on employee health. Design. Study design comprised a longitudinal analysis of employee demographic data, medical claims, health risk assessment data, and remote connectivity hours. Setting. Data from Prudential Financial served as the setting. Subjects. Active employees ages 18 to 64 years who completed the health risk assessment between 2010 and 2011 were the study subjects. Measures. Measures included telecommuting status and intensity, and eight indicators of health risk status (obesity, depression, stress, tobacco use, alcohol abuse, poor nutrition, physical inactivity, and an overall risk measure), with employee age, sex, race-ethnicity, job grade, management status, and work location as control variables. Analysis. Health risks were determined for nontelecommuters and telecommuters working remotely ≤8, 9 to 32, 33 to 72, and ≥73 hours per month. Longitudinal models for each health risk were estimated, controlling for demographic and job characteristics. Results. Telecommuting health risks varied by telecommuting intensity. Nontelecommuters were at greater risk for obesity, alcohol abuse, physical inactivity, and tobacco use, and were at greater overall risk than at least one of the telecommuting groups. Employees who telecommuted ≤8 hours per month were significantly less likely than nontelecommuters to experience depression. There was no association between telecommuting and stress or nutrition. Conclusion. Results suggest that employees may benefit from telecommuting opportunities.
Promoting Diet and Physical Activity in Nurses
Authors: Torquati Luciana , Pavey Toby , Kolbe-Alexander Tracy , Leveritt Michael 
Published: September 2015

Objective. To systematically review the effectiveness of intervention studies promoting diet and physical activity (PA) in nurses. Data Source. English language manuscripts published between 1970 and 2014 in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and EMBASE, as well as those accessed with the PICO tool, were reviewed. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Inclusion criteria comprised (1) nurses/student nurses working in a health care setting and (2) interventions where PA and/or diet behaviors were the primary outcome. Exclusion criteria were (1) non–peer-reviewed articles or conference abstracts and (2) interventions focused on treatment of chronic conditions or lifestyle factors other than PA or diet in nurses. Data Extraction. Seventy-one full texts were retrieved and assessed for inclusion by two reviewers. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked for accuracy by a second reviewer. Data Synthesis. Extracted data were synthesized in a tabular format and narrative summary. Results. Nine (n = 737 nurses) studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality of the studies was low to moderate. Four studies reported an increase in self-reported PA through structured exercise and goal setting. Dietary outcomes were generally positive, but were only measured in three studies with some limitations in the assessment methods. Two studies reported improved body composition without significant changes in diet or PA. Conclusions. Outcomes of interventions to change nurses’ PA and diet behavior are promising, but inconsistent. Additional and higher quality interventions that include objective and validated outcome measures and appropriate process evaluation are required.
Development and Pilot Test of the Workplace Readiness Questionnaire, a Theory-Based Instrument to Measure Small Workplaces’ Readiness to Implement Wellness Programs
Authors: Hannon Peggy A. , Helfrich Christian D. , Chan K. Gary , Allen Claire L. , Hammerback Kristen , Kohn Marlana J. , Parrish Amanda T. , Weiner Bryan J. , Harris Jeffrey R. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose. To develop a theory-based questionnaire to assess readiness for change in small workplaces adopting wellness programs. Design. In developing our scale, we first tested items via “think-aloud” interviews. We tested the revised items in a cross-sectional quantitative telephone survey. Setting. The study setting comprised small workplaces (20–250 employees) in low-wage industries. Subjects. Decision-makers representing small workplaces in King County, Washington (think-aloud interviews, n = 9), and the United States (telephone survey, n = 201) served as study subjects. Measures. We generated items for each construct in Weiner’s theory of organizational readiness for change. We also measured workplace characteristics and current implementation of workplace wellness programs. Analysis. We assessed reliability by coefficient alpha for each of the readiness questionnaire subscales. We tested the association of all subscales with employers’ current implementation of wellness policies, programs, and communications, and conducted a path analysis to test the associations in the theory of organizational readiness to change. Results. Each of the readiness subscales exhibited acceptable internal reliability (coefficient alpha range, .75–.88) and was positively associated with wellness program implementation ( p < .05). The path analysis was consistent with the theory of organizational readiness to change, except change efficacy did not predict change-related effort. Conclusion. We developed a new questionnaire to assess small workplaces’ readiness to adopt and implement evidence-based wellness programs. Our findings also provide empirical validation of Weiner’s theory of readiness for change.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Related to Sodium Intake and Reduction Among Adult Consumers in the United States
Authors: Patel Deesha , Cogswell Mary E. , John Katherine , Creel Stephanie , Ayala Carma 
Published: September 2015

Purpose. To describe the prevalence and determinants of sodium-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among U.S. adults Design. A cross-sectional survey was used. Setting. The study was set in the United States in 2012. Subjects. Participants were 6122 U.S. adults. Measures. Sodium-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were measured. Analysis. Chi-squared tests were used to determine differences in sodium-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors by respondent characteristics; multiple logistic regression was used to examine associations between selected respondent characteristics and health professional advice, reported action, or knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (adjusted for all other respondent characteristics). Results. About three-fourths of respondents answered eating too much sodium is “somewhat” or “very” harmful to their health. Twenty-six percent reported receiving health professional advice, and 45% reported taking action to reduce their sodium intake. The prevalence of reported action was highest among adults receiving advice, those with hypertension, blacks, and those aged ≥65 years. Sixty-two percent who reported action agreed that most of their sodium comes from processed or restaurant foods. Of those reporting action, the most common tactics to reduce sodium intake were checking nutrition labels, using other spices than salt, and choosing low-sodium foods; requesting lower-sodium options when eating out was the least common tactic. Conclusion. Results suggest almost half of adults overall and the vast majority of those receiving health professional advice are taking some action to watch or reduce sodium intake. Although a substantial proportion report using recommended tactics to lower intake, many are not using the most effective tactics. In order to reach the general population, health communication messages could be simpler and focus on the most effective tactics to reduce sodium intake. Furthermore, health professionals can help reduce sodium intake by discussing the benefits of sodium reduction and tactics to do so, regardless of a hypertension diagnosis.
Does Skin in the Game Matter if You Aren’t Playing? Examining Participation in Oregon’s Public Employee Health Engagement Model
Authors: Wright Bill J. , Dulacki Kristen , Rissi Jill , McBride Leslie , Tran Sarah , Royal Natalie 
Published: September 2015

Purpose. Employers are increasingly exploring health benefits that incentivize lifestyle change for employees. We used early data from an ongoing study of one such model—the Health Engagement Model (HEM), which Oregon implemented for all public employees in 2012—to analyze variation in employee participation and engagement. Design. A survey was designed to assess program engagement, opinions of the program, and self-reported lifestyle changes. Setting. Data were collected in 2012, about 9 months after HEM launched. Subjects. A representative random sample of 4500 state employees served as the study subjects. Measures. Primary measures included whether employees signed up for the program, completed its required activities, and reported making lifestyle changes. Analysis. Logistic regression was used to analyze survey results. Results. Most employees (86%) chose to participate, but there were important socioeconomic differences: some key target populations, including smokers and obese employees, were the least likely to sign up; less educated employees were also less likely to complete program activities. Despite mostly negative opinions of the program, almost half of participants reported making lifestyle changes. Conclusion. Oregon’s HEM launch was largely unpopular with employees, but many reported making the desired lifestyle changes. However, some of those the program is most interested in enrolling were the least likely to engage. People involved with implementing similar programs will need to think carefully about how to cultivate broad interest among employees.
The Introduction of a Supermarket via Tax-Credits in a Low-Income Area
Authors: Elbel Brian , Mijanovich Tod , Kiszko Kamila , Abrams Courtney , Cantor Jonathan , Dixon L. Beth 
Published: September 2015

Purpose. Interest and funding continue to grow for bringing supermarkets to underserved areas, yet little is known about their impact. Design. A quasi-experimental study was used to determine the impact of a new supermarket opening as a result of tax and zoning incentives. Setting. The study took place in the South Bronx, New York City, New York. Subjects: Studied were residents of two South Bronx neighborhoods deemed high need. Measures. Food purchasing and consumption were examined via surveys and 24-hour dietary recalls before and at two points after the supermarket opened (1–5, 13–17 months). Analysis. Data were analyzed using difference-in-difference models controlling for gender, race and ethnicity, age, education, marital status, and self-reported income. Ordinary least squares and logistic regression models were estimated for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively. Results. At baseline, 94% to 97% of consumers shopped at a supermarket. There was a 2% increase in this behavior in the intervention community ( p < .05) not seen in the comparison community. One year later there was a 7% net increase in eating at home ( p < .1) and a 20% decrease in drinking sugary beverages ( p < .05), but no appreciable change in fruit/vegetable consumption or overall dietary quality. Conclusion. The new supermarket did not result in substantial or broad changes in purchasing patterns or nutritional quality of food consumed, though smaller, positive changes were observed over a 1-year period. Future work should examine different contexts and a broader set of outcomes, including economic development.
Effect of Tiger Nut Residue Flour Inclusion on the Baking Quality of Confectionaries
Authors: J. Eke- Ejiofor, , J. N. Deedam, 
Published: September 2015

Cakes and biscuits were prepared from blends of wheat and tiger nut residue flours produced using raw and dry extraction method and substituted at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% levels. The cakes and biscuits were analyzed for proximate composition, physical characteristics and sensory properties. Results for proximate composition indicated that moisture, fibre, ash, protein and fat contents increased with an increase in tiger nut residue substitution. Ash content for cake increased from 0.93% in sample A (100% wheat flour) to 1.40% in sample E (80% wheat flour: 20% tiger nut residue flour), while ash for biscuit increased from 1.35% in sample A (100% wheat flour) to 1.85% in sample B (95% wheat flour: 5% tiger nut residue flour). Fibre content for cake increased from 1.08% in sample A (100% wheat flour) to 3.15% in sample E (80% wheat flour:20% tiger nut residue flour) as substitution increased, while for biscuit fibre increased from 1.59% in sample A (100% wheat flour) to 3.13% in sample D (85% wheat flour:15% tiger nut residue flour). Moisture content for cake increased from 21.95% in sample A (100% wheat flour) to 28.49% in sample E (80% wheat flour: 20% tiger nut residue flour) while for biscuit moisture increased from 1.08% in sample A (100% wheat flour) to 2.78% in sample B (95% wheat flour: 5% tiger nut residue flour). There was a statistical significant difference in all samples with increase in substitution. Result for physical characteristics showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in cake volume and spread ratio of biscuit with increase in level of substitution of tiger nut residue flour. Sensory evaluation result for cakes showed sample E (80% wheat flour:20% tiger nut residue flour) as most acceptable for cakes, in terms of color (4.3), aroma (3.95), taste (4.2), texture (4.05) and general acceptability (4.3) while for biscuits sample B(95% wheat flour:5% tiger nut residue flour) as most acceptable in terms of color (4.15) aroma, (4.0) taste, (4.15) texture (4.3) and overall acceptability (4.35).
Control of tree water networks: A geometric programming approach
Authors: Sela Perelman L. , Amin S. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a modeling and operation approach for tree water supply systems. The network control problem is approximated as a geometric programming (GP) problem. The original nonlinear nonconvex network control problem is transformed into a convex optimization problem. The optimization model can be efficiently solved to optimality using state‐of‐the‐art solvers. Two control schemes are presented: (1) operation of network actuators (pumps and valves) and (2) controlled demand shedding allocation between network consumers with limited resources. The dual of the network control problem is formulated and is used to perform sensitivity analysis with respect to hydraulic constraints. The approach is demonstrated on a small branched‐topology network and later extended to a medium‐size irrigation network. The results demonstrate an intrinsic trade‐off between energy costs and demand shedding policy, providing an efficient decision support tool for active management of water systems.
Regime transition of ion Bernstein instability driven by ion shell velocity distributions
Authors: Min Kyungguk , Liu Kaijun 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLinear kinetic dispersion theory is used to investigate a regime transition of the ion Bernstein instability driven by a proton velocity distribution with positive slopes with respect to the perpendicular velocity, ∂fp(v∥∼0,v⊥)/∂v⊥>0. The unstable waves arising from this instability are ion Bernstein waves with proton cyclotron harmonic dispersion. However, in the inner magnetosphere, particularly inside of the plasmapause where plasmas are dominated by a cold background, the instability leads to ion Bernstein waves which approximately follow the cold plasma dispersion relation for fast magnetosonic waves and are, therefore, fast magnetosonic‐like. Subsequently, the relevant waves have been termed fast magnetosonic waves and many studies have assumed the cold plasma dispersion relation to describe them. On the other hand, how the dispersion properties of ion Bernstein waves become fast magnetosonic‐like has not yet been well understood. To examine this regime transition of the instability, we perform linear dispersion analyses using a two‐component proton model of fp(v) = fM(v) + fs(v), where fM is a Maxwellian velocity distribution and fs is an isotropic shell velocity distribution. The results show that the unstable waves are essentially ion Bernstein waves; however, when the shell proton concentration becomes sufficiently small (less than 10), the unstable waves approach the cold plasma dispersion relation for fast magnetosonic waves and become fast magnetosonic‐like. Although a reduced proton‐to‐electron mass ratio of 100 has been used for convenience, which reduces the number of unstable modes involved by lowering the lower hybrid frequency, this does not change the overall regime transition picture revealed in this study.