bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anal Intercourse and HIV Risk Among Low-Income Heterosexual Women: Findings from Chicago HIV Behavioral Surveillance
Authors: Livak Britt S , Prachand Nikhil G , Benbow Nanette 
Published: September 2012

Background:Anal intercourse (AI) is a highly efficient route for HIV transmission and has not been well elucidated among heterosexual (HET) women. Heterosexual women living in impoverished urban areas in the US are at increased risk for HIV acquisition. We aim to describe rates of AI and characteristics associated with AI among heterosexual women at increased risk for HIV acquisition living in Chicago.Methods:The Chicago Department of Public Health conducted a survey of HET during 2007 as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System. Venue-based, time-location sampling was used to select participants from venues in high-risk areas (census tracts with concurrently high rates of heterosexual AIDS and household poverty). Eligible participants were interviewed anonymously and offered a HIV test.Results:In total, 407 heterosexual women were interviewed. Seventy-one (17%) women reported having AI in the past 12 months, with 61 of the 71 (86%) reporting unprotected AI. In multivariate analysis, women who engaged in AI were more than three times as likely to have three or more sex partners in the past 12 months (OR=3.27, 95% CI 1.53-6.99). AI was also independently associated with STI diagnosis in the past 12 months (2.13, 95% CI 1.06-4.26), and having sexual intercourse for the first time before the age of 15 years (2.23, 95% CI 1.28-3.89).Conclusion:AI was associated with multiple high risk behaviors including a greater number of sexual partners, STI diagnosis, and earlier age at first sex. The combination of risk factors found to be associated with AI call for new HIV prevention services tailored to the needs of women and young girls living in poverty.
Sexual Arousal Difficulties in Women Treated with Antidepressants: A Comparison between Escitalopram and Fluoxetine
Authors: Midi Marhani , Kanagasundram Sharmilla , Sidi Hatta , Asmidar Duni , Naing Ling , Guan Ng Chong 
Published: September 2012

Objective: To compare the risk of sexual arousal difficulties between two groups of depressed female patients in remission who were treated with either escitalopram or fluoxetine. Associated factors were also examined. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 112 female patients attending the psychiatric clinic, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) with depressive disorders as assessed by using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID), who had been in remission for the previous 2 months as defined by a score of ⩽ 10 from an assessment using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and were treated with either fluoxetine or escitalopram. Sexual arousal difficulties were assessed using the arousal subscale of Malay Version of the Female Sexual Function Index (MVFSFI). Results: The rate of sexual arousal difficulties was 41.1% for all subjects. Sexual arousal difficulties occurred in 50.0% of subjects treated with fluoxetine and 32.1% with escitalopram. However, this difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.055). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher dose of antidepressant (adjusted OR=4.08, 95 CI=1.70–9.81) was significantly associated with female sexual arousal difficulties. Conclusion: The risk of sexual arousal difficulties was higher in female patients who were treated with higher doses of either fluoxetine or escitalopram.
Bringing Darkness to Light: The Influence of Auditor Quality and Audit Committee Expertise on the Timeliness of Financial Statement Restatement Disclosures
Authors: Schmidt Jaime , Wilkins Michael S. 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARY:
This study investigates whether auditor quality and audit committee expertise are associated with improved financial reporting timeliness as measured by the duration of a financial statement restatement's “dark period.” The restatement dark period represents the length of time between a company's discovery that it will need to restate financial data and the subsequent disclosure of the restatement's effect on earnings. For a sample of dark restatements disclosed between 2004 and 2009, we find that companies that engage Big 4 auditors have shorter dark periods than companies that do not engage Big 4 auditors. We also find that companies with more financial experts on the audit committee have shorter dark periods, but only when such financial expertise relates specifically to accounting. Finally, companies with audit committee chairs that have accounting financial expertise provide the most timely disclosures, as the dark periods for these firms are reduced by approximately 38 percent. Our results suggest that both auditor and audit committee expertise are associated with the timely disclosure of restatement details.
Data Availability: All data are publicly available from sources identified in the paper.
Reuse of “End Of Life Tyres” Tyre Chips – Sand Mixture Mechanical Study
Authors: Dembicki E. , Kowalczyk M. , Gotteland P. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract The use of shredded tyre in civil engineering applications is a significant potential end use market. The reuse of tyre chips may not only address growing environmental and economic concerns, but also help to solve geotechnical problems associated with low shear strength. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the properties of tyre chips and tyre chips - sand mixture, and to find the mixture with the highest shear strength. In this study, an experimental testing program was undertaken using a large - scale triaxial apparatus with the goal of evaluating the optimum percentage of tyre chips in sand. The effects on shear strength of varying percentage of tyre chips and varying confining pressure were studied. Tyre chips content was suspected to have influence on stress - strain and volumetric strain behaviour of the mixture. Some tests were conducted to check the influence of number of used membranes, of saturation and compaction, on sample properties.
Fault Identification Based on Nlpca in Complex Electrical Engineering
Authors: Zhang Yagang , Wang Zengping , Zhang Jinfang 
Published: September 2012

Fault Identification Based on Nlpca in Complex Electrical Engineering
The fault is inevitable in any complex systems engineering. Electric power system is essentially a typically nonlinear system. It is also one of the most complex artificial systems in this world. In our researches, based on the real-time measurements of phasor measurement unit, under the influence of white Gaussian noise (suppose the standard deviation is 0.01, and the mean error is 0), we used mainly nonlinear principal component analysis theory (NLPCA) to resolve fault identification problem in complex electrical engineering. The simulation results show that the fault in complex electrical engineering is usually corresponding to the variable with the maximum absolute value coefficient in the first principal component. These researches will have significant theoretical value and engineering practical significance.
Abelson Tyrosine Kinase Controls Phagosomal Acidification Required for Killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Human Macrophages
Authors: Bruns Heiko , Stegelmann Frank , Fabri Mario , Döhner Konstanze , van Zandbergen Ger , Wagner Manfred , Skinner Mhairi , Modlin Robert L. , Stenger Steffen 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate the acidification of intracellular compartments are key to host defense against pathogens. In this paper, we demonstrate that Abl tyrosine kinase, a master switch for cell growth and trafficking of intracellular organelles, controls the acidification of lysosomes in human macrophages. Pharmacological inhibition by imatinib and gene silencing of Abelson (Abl) tyrosine kinase reduced the lysosomal pH in human macrophages by increasing the transcription and expression of the proton pumping enzyme vacuolar-type H+-adenosine triphosphatase. Because lysosomal acidification is required for antimicrobial activity against intracellular bacteria, we determined the effect of imatinib on the growth of the major human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Imatinib limited the multiplication of M. tuberculosis, and growth restriction was dependent on acidification of the mycobacterial compartment. The effects of imatinib were also active in vivo because circulating monocytes from imatinib-treated leukemia patients were more acidic than monocytes from control donors. Importantly, sera from imatinib-treated patients triggered acidification and growth restriction of M. tuberculosis in macrophages. In summary, our results identify the control of phagosomal acidification as a novel function of Abl tyrosine kinase and provide evidence that the regulation occurs on the level of the vacuolar-type H+-adenosine triphosphatase. Given the efficacy of imatinib in a mouse model of tuberculosis and our finding that orally administered imatinib increased the ability of human serum to trigger growth reduction of intracellular M. tuberculosis, clinical evaluation of imatinib as a complementary therapy of tuberculosis, in particular multidrug or extremely drug-resistant disease, is warranted.
Circulating Tumor Cells as Predictors of Response and Failure in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Preoperative Chemotherapy
Authors: Boutrus Rimoun R. , Raad Rita F. Abi , Kuter Irene , Ancukiewicz Marek , Roberts Lisa , Solomon Natalie , Ngo Taylor , Borick Heather , Ryan Paula , Moy Beverly , Gadd Michele , Chien Jo , Younger Jerry , Smith Barbara , Taghian Alphonse G. , Harris Lyndsay 
Published: September 2012

Aim To explore the significance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection in the course of preoperative chemotherapy (PC) and their effect on the outcomes. Methods Fifty-five patients with stage II/III invasive breast cancer were enrolled into a preoperative clinical trial. Patients were given PC with sequential single-agent doxorubicin and paclitaxel vs paclitaxel followed by doxorubicin. Blood samples (8 mL) were collected from patients before PC, after each phase, and at 6 months intervals during follow-up. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and enriched for epithelial cells. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the presence of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA. Samples were considered positive when the PCR curve crossed the standard threshold curve. Results After the first phase of chemotherapy, there was a 59% overall reduction in the median tumor volume. The percentage of volume reduction did not differ between patients who presented with detectable CTCs at baseline and those who did not (p=0.89). After the second phase of chemotherapy, there was a further decrease in the median tumor volume to 93% from baseline. There was no correlation between the lack of response and the presence of CTCs either after the first (p=0.36) or second (p=0.5391) phases of PC. The presence of CTCs was a predictor of local or distant relapse (p=0.0411). The detection of CTCs did not affect overall survival (p=0.2569). Conclusion CTCs can be used as predictors of relapse after definitive treatment of locally advanced breast cancer; however, CTCs detection in peripheral blood during the course of PC does not implicate a particular pattern of response to treatment.
Cultural Practices and Beliefs of Indigenous People in Dumingag, Zamboanga Del Sur
Authors: Sali-Ot Melrose A. , Suarez Kent G. , Villarmino Gerome O. 
Published: September 2012

This study was conducted to determine the demographic characteristics, culture practices and beliefs of Subanen people in Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur. Triangulation method was utilized using direct participatory observational approach, informal or indepth interview and a focus group discussion. The study found out that majority of the Subanens’ educational attainment are elementary level, and farming is their source of income. Most of their houses were made of light materials. Subanens had several instruments and dances which are played and performed during gatherings and special occasions. They ate vegetables, root crops, and aquatic foods to survive. They served/offered Pangasi (native wine) during ceremonial celebrations, gatherings and rituals. Their special skill was making of native products. The Gukom or Timuay was the highly respected leader of the tribal group and was empowered to lead ceremonies and mediate or settle tribal problems and disputes. The Shaman (Suruhano) was also respected because of his capability to cure illness. He could see and talk with the supernatural beings. Subanens manifested many differences in terms of rituals and ceremonial celebrations. They had unique beliefs that were originated from their ancestors and had been preserved for a long time. Keywords - Cultural practices and beliefs, indigenous people, Subanen, Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur
Media Communications and Sustainable Tourism in Batangas
Authors: Resurreccion Analiza D. 
Published: September 2012

This paper focuses on the role of media communications in the sustainability of tourism as determined by the number of travelers who visited the different tourist destinations in Batangas from 2004 to 2008. The Batangas Provincial Tourism Office primarily uses the internet in promoting tourism in the province. It also uses other media forms like print and mobile communication in enhancing tourism promotion. Besides, the office initiates projects and programs and participates in celebrations and festivities in the different municipalities in the province. Foreign tourists coming from Asia, America, Oceania, Africa, and Europe, OFWs, and domestic tourists frequent different destinations. During the month of February, those from Korea, USA, Australia, South Africa, and United Kingdom are mostly observed to be visiting the different tourist spots while during the month of April, both OFWs and domestic tourists are the main visitors. Each year, the number of visitors in the different Batangas tourist spots increases which manifests that as media communications advance, the more that the travelers become aware and exposed to the pride of the province. Keywords - Media Communication, tourism, Batangas,
Flux balance analysis of CHO cells before and after a metabolic switch from lactate production to consumption
Authors: Martínez Verónica S. , Dietmair Stefanie , Quek Lake‐Ee , Hodson Mark P. , Gray Peter , Nielsen Lars K. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMammalian cell cultures typically exhibit an energy inefficient phenotype characterized by the consumption of large quantities of glucose and the concomitant production of large quantities of lactate. Under certain conditions, mammalian cells can switch to a more energy efficient state during which lactate is consumed. Using a metabolic model derived from a mouse genome scale model we performed flux balance analysis of Chinese hamster ovary cells before and after a metabolic switch from lactate production (in the presence of glucose) to lactate consumption (after glucose depletion). Despite a residual degree of freedom after accounting for measurements, the calculated flux ranges and associated errors were narrow enough to enable investigation of metabolic changes across the metabolic switch. Surprisingly, the fluxes through the lower part of the TCA cycle from oxoglutarate to malate were very similar (around 60 µmol/gDW/h) for both phases. A detailed analysis of the energy metabolism showed that cells consuming lactate have an energy efficiency (total ATP produced per total C‐mol substrate consumed) six times greater than lactate producing cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 660–666. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficient and exact duplicate detection on cloud
Authors: Rong Chuitian , Lu Wei , Du Xiaoyong , Zhang Xiao 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYAs the recent proliferation of social networks, mobile applications, and online services increased the rate of data gathering, to find near‐duplicate records efficiently has become a challenging issue. Related works on this problem mainly aim to propose efficient approaches on a single machine. However, when processing large‐scale dataset, the performance to identify duplicates is still far from satisfactory. In this paper, we try to handle the problem of duplicate detection applying MapReduce. We argue that the performance of utilizing MapReduce to detect duplicates mainly depends on the number of candidate record pairs and intermediate result size, which is related to the shuffle cost among different nodes in cluster. In this paper, we proposed a new signature scheme with new pruning strategies to minimize the number of candidate pairs and intermediate result size. The proposed solution is an exact one, which assures none duplicate record pair can be lost. The experimental results over both real and synthetic datasets demonstrate that our proposed signature‐based method is efficient and scalable. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Rise of Distrust: State Officials, Gifts and Social Hierarchy in Laos
Authors: Mariani Léo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractConceptualisations of the state as a reified entity fall short in the case of socialist Laos. Foreign commentators often imagine Lao political life through a discourse of state governance, yet the Lao themselves, in popular narratives, tend to emphasise their day to day interactions with state officials. In their everyday lives, the latter are treated as individuals with which it is possible to interact. This article explores the relations between the Lao people and their government officials, and how those relations have changed in recent history (mainly since 1975). Wedding receptions – vital events in Lao social life, where power is invoked through performance and representation – are taken as case studies for the analysis of authority and legitimacy in a socialist state context.
Food expenditure patterns of the generation 50+: an Engel‐curve analysis for Germany
Authors: Burzig Johanna , Herrmann Roland 
Published: September 2012

PurposeIt is the objective of this paper to elaborate determinants of food expenditure patterns for the generation 50+ in Germany on the basis of an Engel‐curve analysis.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data for Germany are taken from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement (SHARE) database. Food‐at‐home (FAH) expenditures of the generation 50+ are explained within a multiple regression analysis first. Then, a double‐hurdle approach based on the probit model and a truncated regression are utilized for reproducing the existence of food‐away‐from‐home (FAFH) expenditures and the share of FAFH expenditures on consumption expenditures across households. Available information on socio‐demographic variables, income and the health status of the respondents are introduced as regressors in the multivariate analyses.FindingsFAH expenditures in the generation 50+ in Germany follow the theoretical expectations underlying Engel functions. With a rising income level, FAH expenditures increase as well but the income share of FAH expenditures declines as does the share of FAH expenditures in total food expenditures. Apart from income, the share of FAH expenditures in food expenditures rises with age, household size, and it is highest for the lowest education level. Moreover, it is higher for West than for East German households. Becoming a pensioner increases absolute FAH expenditures, but does not affect the FAH expenditure share significantly. Very different results are provided by the Engel‐curve analysis for food away from home. A rising income raises FAFH expenditures, whereas becoming a pensioner lowers it. The age variable is insignificant.Practical implicationsThe estimated Engel curves suggest that food at home grows less with rising income than food away from home. In particular, the determinants of the per‐capita FAFH expenditures reveal important determinants of expenditures of the generation 50+ in a highly dynamic consumption category. The results have important marketing implications.Originality/valueDespite the growing economic importance of the generation 50+ in industrialised countries, empirical evidence on how this age group behaves in its food expenditure pattern is often lacking. This study provides a first set of estimated coefficients from Engel curves for Germany. These show how income as well as sociodemographic and health variables affect per‐capita expenditures for FAH and FAFH consumption.
Learning from success: exploring the sustainability of a collaborative learning initiative
Authors: Schechter Chen , Ganon Sherry 
Published: September 2012

PurposeIn light of limited sustainability of past collaborative‐learning‐centered initiatives over time, the purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants considered by both teachers and principals to influence the sustainability of a collective‐learning‐from‐success (CLS) initiative in 12 urban elementary schools.Design/methodology/approachUsing qualitative methodology, data were collected via face‐to‐face interviews with 37 teachers and eight principals. Analysis involved identifying common themes, contrasting patterns, and elucidating differences among participants’ voices.FindingsIn total, six major determinants were identified as influencing the sustainability of the CLS initiative: superintendent's role, principal's role, need for a structured learning setting, burden added to teachers’ workload, overuse of theory and underuse of practice, and congruence with school agenda.Originality/valueAs researchers and practitioners explore ways to sustain collaborative learning in schools, it is important to further evaluate whether learning communities can be developed and sustained when staff members are encouraged to collectively analyze their successful practices.
Towards understanding female entrepreneurship in Middle Eastern and North African countries
Authors: Hattab Hala 
Published: September 2012

PurposeOver the past 30 years there has been an increase in the number of women turning to self‐employment and business ownership. Middle Eastern women were no exception and increasingly are pursuing entrepreneurship and have become a phenomenon that requires in‐depth study and analysis. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on women entrepreneurs in terms of entrepreneurial activity rates, entrepreneurial orientations, demographics and their enterprise characteristics in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries.Design/methodology/approachThe approach utilised is a combination of the literature pertinent to women's entrepreneurship in MENA with the findings of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor's research for 2008‐2009.FindingsMore women are turning into entrepreneurship in Middle East; however, their percentage is still low compared to their male counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the main limitations was the lack of literature discussing women entrepreneurship in the Middle Eastern context and reliable statistics.Originality/valueThis paper is one of few papers discussing and comparing women entrepreneurs in eight Middle Eastern countries, along with their enterprises.