bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of keratin 19 favours the development of cholestatic liver disease through decreased ductular reaction
Authors: Chen Yu , Guldiken Nurdan , Spurny Manuela , Mohammed Hawraman HA , Haybaeck Johannes , Pollheimer Marion J , Fickert Peter , Gassler Nikolaus , Jeon Min Kyung , Trautwein Christian , Strnad Pavel 
Published: June 2015

AbstractKeratins (K) are cytoprotective proteins and keratin mutations predispose to the development of multiple human diseases. K19 represents the most widely used marker of biliary and hepatic progenitor cells as well as a marker of ductular reaction that constitutes the basic regenerative response to chronic liver injury. In the present study, we investigated the role of K19 in biliary and hepatic progenitor cells and its importance for ductular reaction. K19 wild‐type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice were fed: (a) 3,5‐diethoxycarbonyl‐1,4‐dihydrocollidine (DDC); (b) cholic acid (CA); (c) a choline‐deficient, ethionine‐supplemented (CDE) diet; or (d) were subjected to common bile duct ligation (CBDL). The bile composition, liver damage, bile duct proliferation, oval cell content and biliary fibrosis were analysed. In untreated animals, loss of K19 led to redistribution of the K network in biliary epithelial cells (BECs) but to no obvious biliary phenotype. After DDC feeding, K19 KO mice exhibited (compared to WTs): (a) increased cholestasis; (b) less pronounced ductular reaction with reduced ductular proliferation and fewer oval cells; (c) impaired Notch 2 signalling in BECs; (d) lower biliary fibrosis score and biliary bicarbonate concentration. An attenuated oval cell proliferation in K19 KOs was also found after feeding with the CDE diet. K19 KOs subjected to CBDL displayed lower BEC proliferation, oval cell content and less prominent Notch 2 signal. K19 deficiency did not change the extent of CA‐ or CBDL‐induced liver injury and fibrosis. Our results demonstrate that K19 plays an important role in the ductular reaction and might be of importance in multiple chronic liver disorders that frequently display a ductular reaction. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cancer survivors in the first year after treatment: the prevalence and correlates of unmet needs in different domains
Authors: Willems Roy A. , Bolman Catherine A. W. , Mesters Ilse , Kanera Iris M. , Beaulen Audrey A. J. M. , Lechner Lilian 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo explore cancer survivors' unmet needs in the first year after primary treatment, and to investigate the relationship between demographic, disease‐related, and psychosocial characteristics and the number of unmet needs in different domains.MethodsCancer survivors were recruited through eight Dutch hospitals (November 2012–January 2013). In a cross‐sectional survey, 255 survivors were asked about unmet needs across several domains (CaSUN) and demographic, disease‐related, and psychosocial characteristics, comprising quality of life (EORTC QLQ‐C30), psychological distress (HADS), mental adjustment (MAC), and problem solving (SPSI‐R:S).ResultsSixty‐three percent of survivors reported one or more unmet needs (M = 5.13, SD = 6.98, range = 0–34). Common unmet needs concerned emotional support (31.3%), smoking cessation (26.7% of smokers), managing side effects/complications (25.9%), fear of recurrence (23.0%), cancer care (22.0%), social support (22.0%), up‐to‐date information (19.8%), and carrying out work (19.6%). Regression analysis showed that age, higher education, participation in support programs, anxiety, depression, and negative adjustment style correlated positively, while being female, time since last treatment, and quality of life correlated negatively with the number of unmet needs. Lower number of unmet needs also accounted for other types of cancer (except colon cancer) than breast cancer. These relationships differed per need domain.ConclusionsThe heterogeneity in unmet needs complicates the provision of adequate support for survivors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peer mentorship to promote physical activity among cancer survivors: effects on quality of life
Authors: Pinto Bernardine , Stein Kevin , Dunsiger Shira 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectivePhysical activity (PA) adoption can improve quality of life (QOL) and related outcomes among breast cancer survivors. To disseminate a telephone‐based PA intervention to cancer survivors, we partnered with the American Cancer Society's Reach To Recovery program (RTR) whose volunteers (breast cancer survivors) provide information and emotional support to breast cancer survivors.MethodThis randomized controlled trial compared the effects of PA telephone counseling delivered by RTR volunteers (PA Plus RTR) versus a contact control condition (RTR Control) in six New England states. RTR volunteers (n = 18; mean age = 54.9 years, mean years since breast cancer diagnosis = 7.0) delivered a 12‐week PA program to help participants adopt 30 min of moderate‐intensity activity ≥5 days/week. Breast cancer survivors (n = 76; mean age = 55.62 years, mean years since diagnosis = 1.11, Stage 0 = 6.58%, Stage 1 = 38.16%, Stage 2 = 44.74%, Stage 3 = 10.53%) were randomized to a study group.ResultsUsing a series of generalized linear models, we assessed intervention effects on physical health, physical functioning, mental health, fatigue, and QOL at 12 and 24 weeks, and examined whether these effects were moderated by age, marital status, chemotherapy use, and baseline values of the outcomes. There were no significant intervention effects on the outcomes but there were significant moderator effects of age, chemotherapy use, and baseline physical functioning, physical health, and breast cancer‐specific symptoms (all p's < .05).ConclusionsSpecific demographic and treatment variables and baseline psychosocial health moderate the impact of PA interventions on QOL. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transforming growth factor‐beta 1 in humidifier disinfectant‐associated children's interstitial lung disease
Authors: Kim Yoon Hee , Kim Kyung Won , Lee Kyung Eun , Lee Mi‐Jung , Kim Sang Kyum , Kim Se Hoon , Shim Hyo Sup , Lee Chang Young , Kim Myung‐Joon , Sohn Myung Hyun , Kim Kyu‐Earn 
Published: June 2015

SummaryBackgroundHumidifier disinfectant‐associated children's interstitial lung disease has an unpredictable clinical course with a high morbidity and mortality.ObjectivesTo evaluate the differences in clinical findings between survivors and non‐survivors of humidifier disinfectant‐associated children's interstitial lung disease. To evaluate dynamic changes in serum cytokines related to inflammation and fibrosis in lung injury, and to determine whether these changes are predictive of survival in this disease.MethodsWe evaluated 17 children with humidifier disinfectant‐associated children's interstitial lung disease, from whom serum samples were obtained weekly during hospitalization. The severity of chest tomographic and lung pathologic findings was scored. Levels of several cytokines were measured in the serial serum samples.ResultsSeven of the 17 children were survivors. Compared to survivors, non‐survivors had greater ground‐glass attenuation on follow‐up chest tomography, higher admission neutrophil counts, and more macrophages on pathologic findings. Transforming growth factor‐beta 1 persisted at an elevated level (1,000–1,500 pg/ml) in survivors, whereas it decreased abruptly in non‐survivors. At the time of this decrease, non‐survivors had clinical worsening of their respiratory failure. Transforming growth factor‐beta 1 was positively correlated with PaO2/FiO2 (r = 0.481, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsNon‐survivors exhibited more inflammatory clinical findings than survivors. Transforming growth factor‐beta 1 remained elevated in survivors, suggesting that it affected the clinical course of humidifier disinfectant‐associated children's interstitial lung disease. The prognosis of this lung disease may depend more on controlling excessive inflammation and repairing damaged lung than on fibrosis, and transforming growth factor‐beta 1 may play a key role in this process. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:173–182. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Achieving data privacy on hybrid cloud
Authors: Huang Xueli , Du Xiaojiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel scheme that can achieve data privacy by hybrid cloud, which consists of public and private cloud, and reduce storage and computation in private cloud, as well as communication overhead between private and public cloud. Meanwhile, we propose a novel algorithm to process private image data. Our experimental results show that (1) our algorithm achieves data privacy but only takes about 1/1000, time of the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm and (2) the delay of our hybrid cloud approach (including the private and public cloud communications) is only 3%–5% more compared with the traditional public cloud‐only approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Meeting the criteria: linking biofilter design to fecal indicator bacteria removal
Authors: Rippy Megan A. 
Published: June 2015

The capture, treatment, and reuse of storm‐water runoff are win–win propositions that can lead to improvements in both human water security and ecosystem health. Although not all treatment technologies facilitate the capture, treatment, and reuse of water, biofilters do. Biofilters are engineered analogues of natural systems that use low energy, natural processes to treat stormwater. Biofilter design is closely linked to treatment efficiency. As such, specific design components, such as submerged zones (SZs: saturated, organic‐rich layers near the base of biofilters), can significantly affect contaminant removal. Of particular interest, is the utility of SZ biofilter designs for removing indicators of pathogens, the so‐called fecal indicator bacteria (FIB). FIB exist at high concentrations in stormwater, sometimes several orders of magnitude above recreational, nonpotable reuse, or drinking water standards, and have been identified as one of the primary barriers to stormwater reuse. A comparison of FIB removal values from literature indicates that SZ systems significantly enhance FIB removal (∼10‐fold) relative to other design configurations (p < 0.05). Processes that may contribute to this effect include physicochemical filtration, biofilm formation, and protistan grazing, amongst others. A high degree of synergy exists between processes, and many unknowns remain. Model frameworks developed for evaluation of similarly synergistic systems, including biofilter analogues like the vadose zone, may be useful for addressing these unknowns and informing future biofilter design. WIREs Water 2015, 2:577–592. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1096This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water
Engineering Water > Water, Health, and Sanitation
Prosody and language comprehension
Authors: Dahan Delphine 
Published: June 2015

This review provides a summary of the most recent advances on the study of how prosody is used during language comprehension. Prosody is characterized as an abstract structure composed of discrete tonal elements aligned with the segmental composition of the sentence organized in constituents of increasing size, and this structure is influenced by the phonological, syntactic, and informational structures of the sentence. Here, we discuss evidence that listeners are affected by prosody when establishing those linguistic structures. Prosody has been shown to influence the segmentation of the utterance into syllables and words, and, in some cases, whether a syllable or word is judged to be present or not. The literature on how prosody informs the structural relationship between words and phrases is also discussed, contrasting views that assume a direct (albeit probabilistic) link between syntax and prosody with those that posit a complex interface between syntax and prosodic structure. Finally, the role of prosody in conveying important aspects pertaining to the sentence's information structure (i.e., which parts of the sentence's meaning are highlighted and brought forward to the discourse, which ones are presupposed and left in the background, which attitudes are being conveyed about the concepts or propositional content) has long been recognized. Current research focuses on which prosodic elements contribute to marking the dimensions (or semantic primitives) of the information structure.WIREs Cogn Sci2015, 6:441–452. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1355This article is categorized under:Linguistics > Language in Mind and Brain
Postsurgical Complications following Distal Radius Volar Plating in a Diabetic Population at Short-Term Follow-up
Authors: Koehler Daniel M. , Gao Yubo , Guan Justin J. , Lawler Ericka A. , Adams Brian D. , Shah Apurva S. 
Published: June 2015

Background Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of complications following operative treatment of lower extremity fractures. There is little published data establishing the impact of diabetes following surgical treatment of upper extremity fractures. This investigation aimed to compare the incidence of short-term postsurgical complications following volar locked plating of distal radius fractures in patients with and without diabetes. Methods A retrospective matched cohort investigation of 33 diabetics matched 1:2 to 66 non-diabetics was performed, accounting for age, gender, fracture type, and smoking status. Electronic medical records and radiographs were reviewed for all major and minor postsurgical complications. Demographic characteristics, postoperative radiographic parameters, and final range of motion were also compared. Mean follow-up was 5.3±8.2 and 5.5±7.8 months for diabetics and non-diabetics, respectively. Results The diabetic cohort had a significantly higher overall complication rate with 24 postsurgical complications affecting 12 patients (36 %) compared to 16 complications affecting 12 patients (18 %) in the non-diabetic cohort. There was no difference in the incidence of major complications requiring operative intervention. Minor complications were significantly more common in the diabetic group and were largely accounted for by peripheral neuritis with an incidence of 30 %. Final radiographic outcomes and range of motion were similar. Conclusions Diabetics experienced a greater incidence of minor postsurgical complications following volar locked plating of distal radius fractures when compared to a matched, control population. The difference in outcomes is largely accounted for by the increased incidence of peripheral neuritis among diabetics. Diabetic patients should be counseled preoperatively regarding their elevated risk profile.
Epidemiological Paradox or Immigrant Vulnerability? Obesity Among Young Children of Immigrants
Authors: Baker Elizabeth H. , Rendall Michael S. , Weden Margaret M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAccording to the “immigrant epidemiological paradox,” immigrants and their children enjoy health advantages over their U.S.-born peers—advantages that diminish with greater acculturation. We investigated child obesity as a potentially significant deviation from this paradox for second-generation immigrant children. We evaluated two alternate measures of mother’s acculturation: age at arrival in the United States and English language proficiency. To obtain sufficient numbers of second-generation immigrant children, we pooled samples across two related, nationally representative surveys. Each included measured (not parent-reported) height and weight of kindergartners. We also estimated models that alternately included and excluded mother’s pre-pregnancy weight status as a predictor. Our findings are opposite to those predicted by the immigrant epidemiological paradox: children of U.S.-born mothers were less likely to be obese than otherwise similar children of foreign-born mothers; and the children of the least-acculturated immigrant mothers, as measured by low English language proficiency, were the most likely to be obese. Foreign-born mothers had lower (healthier) pre-pregnancy weight than U.S.-born mothers, and this was protective against their second-generation children’s obesity. This protection, however, was not sufficiently strong to outweigh factors associated or correlated with the mothers’ linguistic isolation and marginal status as immigrants.
Hepatocellular carcinoma: Where there is unmet need
Authors: Bupathi Manojkumar , Kaseb Ahmed , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Naing Aung 
Published: June 2015

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex and heterogeneous tumor most commonly associated with underlying chronic liver disease, especially hepatitis. It is a growing problem in the United States and worldwide. There are two potential ways to prevent HCC. Primary prevention which is based on vaccination or secondary prevention involving agents that slow down carcinogenesis. Several pathways have been thought to play a role in the development of HCC; specifically, those involving vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐mediated angiogenesis, WNT, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), and c‐MET. Currently, there are only a limited number of drugs which have been proven as effective treatment options for HCC and several clinical trials are testing drugs which target aberrations in the pathways mentioned above. In this review, we discuss currently approved therapies, monotherapies and combination therapy for the treatment of HCC.
Longitudinal Trends in All Healthcare-Associated Infections through Comprehensive Hospital-wide Surveillance and Infection Control Measures over the Past 12 Years: Substantial Burden of Healthcare-Associated Infections Outside of Intensive Care Units and “Other” Types of Infection
Authors: Kanamori Hajime , Weber David J. , DiBiase Lauren M. , Sickbert-Bennett Emily E. , Brooks Rebecca , Teal Lisa , Williams David , Walters Elizabeth M. , Rutala William A. 
Published: June 2015

OBJECTIVETargeted surveillance has focused on device-associated infections and surgical site infections (SSIs) and is often limited to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in high-risk areas. Longitudinal trends in all HAIs, including other types of HAIs, and HAIs outside of intensive care units (ICUs) remain unclear. We examined the incidences of all HAIs using comprehensive hospital-wide surveillance over a 12-year period (2001–2012).METHODSThis retrospective observational study was conducted at the University of North Carolina (UNC) Hospitals, a tertiary care academic facility. All HAIs, including 5 major infections with 14 specific infection sites as defined using CDC criteria, were ascertained through comprehensive hospital-wide surveillance. Generalized linear models were used to examine the incidence rate difference by infection type over time.RESULTSA total of 16,579 HAIs included 6,397 cases in ICUs and 10,182 cases outside ICUs. The incidence of overall HAIs decreased significantly hospital-wide (−3.4 infections per 1,000 patient days), in ICUs (−8.4 infections per 1,000 patient days), and in non-ICU settings (−1.9 infections per 1,000 patient days). The incidences of bloodstream infection, urinary tract infection, and pneumonia in hospital-wide settings decreased significantly, but the incidences of SSI and lower respiratory tract infection remained unchanged. The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) increased remarkably. The outcomes were estimated to include 700 overall HAIs prevented, 40 lives saved, and cost savings in excess of $10 million.CONCLUSIONSWe demonstrated success in reducing overall HAIs over a 12-year period. Our data underscore the necessity for surveillance and infection prevention interventions outside of the ICUs, for non–device-associated HAIs, and for CDI.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;36(10):1139–1147
Ring formation on an inclined surface
Authors: Du Xiyu , Deegan R. D. 
Published: June 2015

A drop dried on a solid surface will typically leave a narrow band of solute deposited along the contact line. Here we examine variations of this deposit due to the inclination of the substrate using numerical simulations of a two-dimensional drop, equivalent to a strip-like drop. An asymptotic analysis of the contact line region predicts that the upslope deposit will grow faster at early times, but the growth of this deposit ends sooner because the upper contact line depins first. From our simulations we find that the deposit can be larger at either the upper or lower contact line depending on the initial drop volume and substrate inclination. For larger drops and steeper inclinations, the early lead in deposited mass at the upper contact line is wiped out by the earlier depinning of the upper contact line and subsequent continued growth at the lower contact line. Conversely, for smaller drops and shallower inclinations, the early lead of the upper contact line is insurmountable despite its earlier termination in growth. Our results show that it is difficult to reconstructa posteriorithe inclination of the substrate based solely on the shape of the deposit.
Republican Personality Cults in Wartime China: Contradistinction and Collaboration
Authors: Taylor Jeremy E. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper explores the development of the Wang Jingwei personality cult during the Japanese occupation of China (1937–1945). It examines how the collaborationist Chinese state led by Wang sought to distinguish its figurehead from the person he had replaced, Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek. Drawing on visual, archival, and published sources, it traces the development of the Wang cult from the early years of the war, and argues that the unusual context in which the cult evolved ultimately undermined its coherence. The case of Wang Jingwei illustrates how the Chinese case more broadly can enhance our understandings of personality cults that develop under occupation. To this end, I compare the Wang regime with various European “collaborationist” governments that sought to promote their leaders in similar ways.
Performativity, Performance, and Indigenous Activism in Ecuador and the Andes
Authors: Huarcaya Sergio Miguel 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTo explain causality between ethnic consciousness and indigenous political activism in the Andes, scholars have proposed two perspectives. Some argue that ethnic consciousness was pre-existing; others claim that it was the product of political organizational processes. In this study, I demonstrate that the ethnic consciousness of Ecuadorian indigenous Andeans has been a dialogical work-in-progress that has hinged significantly on the emergence of self-conscious cultural performance. I analyze the trajectory from submission to assertiveness of Ecuadorian indigenous Andeans and compare it with the Peruvian and Bolivian cases, focusing on the ways in which performance and performativity have constructed indigeneity as a social reality. Performance implies a bounded act done by a subject who consciously performs, whereas performativity refers to the construction of the subject by the reiteration of norms. The research investigates three interrelated fields that are crucial in the constitution of indigeneity: the performativity of racial and ethnic hierarchies, the performance of indigenous culture during protest, and the performance of indigenous festivities. Considering that social hierarchies are iteratively constructed and that cultural performance is part and parcel of the political redress of cultural difference, I argue that through cultural performance Ecuadorian and Bolivian indigenous Andeans have been able to undermine the ways in which performativity has constituted them as subaltern subjects. This transformation has not happened in the Peru, where indigenous Andeans still feel that indigeneity is a stigmatized condition.