bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting inhibition of prognosis-related nicotinamide metabolism genes, including poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 9 (PARP-9) attenuates glioma progression
Authors: Zeng Wei , Jiang Hai'xiao , Sun Guan , Pei Yunlong , Wang Jun , Nie Dekang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Nicotinamide (NAM) metabolism plays a significant role in glioma development. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between NAM metabolic genes and prognosis, immune microenvironment, and tumor progression in glioma.
Methods
We analyzed the expression and prognostic significance of NAM-metabolism-related genes in patients with glioma to develop a new NAM metabolism-related signature (NMRS) and nomograms using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and compared the differences in gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), protein-protein interaction networks, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network, prognosis, mutation load, and immune landscape between different groups. Additionally, we employed Western blotting, cell proliferation and apoptosis analysis, Semi-quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction(SqRT-PCR), and a xenograft model in nude mice to investigate the role of PARP9 in tumor progression.
Results
Our study identified eight genes, including NT5C1A, NNMT, CDKN1A, PTGS2, PNP, PARP10, PARP14, and PARP9, that exhibited a significant correlation with glioma prognosis and could act as an independent indicator. Risk stratification was conducted based on the NMRS, and the low-risk group exhibited more favorable clinical results. The GSEA revealed that the low-risk group exhibited a significant enrichment in immune-associated pathways, while the high-risk group showed significant enrichment in cancer-related pathways. The ESTIMATE and single-sample GSEA algorithms indicated that the low-risk group displayed higher antitumor immunocyte infiltration. TIDE analysis revealed that the low-risk group responded more favorably to immunotherapy. Furthermore, validation experiments revealed that PARP9 is a proto-oncogene associated with the PARP9-JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway.
Conclusion
We developed a new NMRS for predicting prognosis and treatment efficacy in glioma. The identified gene, PARP9, is a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
Comparative efficacy of virtual reality headset and auditory distraction for reducing anxiety and pain during inferior alveolar nerve block in 7-10-year-old children: A clinical trial
Authors: Bahrololoomi Zahra , Vaez Kazem , Irannezhad Maryam , Parvizi Zahra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives: Pain and anxiety are not limited to a certain age group; however, their thresholds are closely correlated with age, and they can cause irreversible mental disorders in children. This study compared the efficacy of a virtual reality (VR) headset and auditory distraction for reducing anxiety and pain in 7- to 10-year-old children during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) injection.
Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 45 patients who required an IANB. The children were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=15) to use a VR headset, headphones, or no distraction (control) during the IANB. The pain experienced by the children during the injection was quantified subjectively using the Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale (WBFPS) and objectively using the Face Leg Activity Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale. Anxiety was quantified subjectively using the Facial Image Scale (FIS) and objectively by measuring changes in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). The data were analyzed using SPSS 19 (alpha=0.05).
Results: The mean age of the patients was 8.31±1.07 years. There were no significant differences in age or sex distribution among the three groups (P>0.05). Significant differences were found in the FLACC (P=0.000), WBFPS (P=0.011), and FIS (P=0.020) scores after the injection among the three groups; the headphone group had the highest scores, and the VR group had the lowest scores.
The mean change in systolic BP was significantly different among the three groups (P=0.00), and the VR headset group experienced the smallest increase in BP. The differences in diastolic BP (P=0.291) and HR changes were not significant among the groups (P=0.062).
Conclusion: Using a VR headset significantly decreased anxiety and pain during the IANB, while using headphones had no particular advantage.
Trail Registration:
The ethics committee of the university (IR.SSU.DENTISTRY.REC.1401.072)
The Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20230614058486N1)
Response tests on the effects of particle size of waste glass sand and glass powder on the mechanical and durability performance of concrete
Authors: Tong Gejun , Pang Jianyong , Shen Jingzhao , Tang Bin , Jiang Ziliang , Li Bing , Huang Jinkun , Zou Jiuqun , Wang Heng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To investigate the response of concrete's mechanical and durability properties to different particle sizes of waste glass materials, two stages of experiments were conducted. First, comprehensive tests were carried out to separately study the effects of monodisperse glass sand and glass powder on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. Secondly, based on the results of the comprehensive tests, orthogonal tests were designed to explore the response of composite particle sizes of glass sand and glass powder to the mechanical and durability properties of concrete, and the optimal replacement quantities were obtained. Finally, the influence mechanism of composite particle-sized glass sand and glass powder on concrete properties was revealed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The research results show that under monodisperse glass sand/glass powder particle sizes: the incorporation of an appropriate amount of glass sand can enhance the mechanical and durability properties of concrete, but excessive replacement and larger particle sizes can have adverse effects on the properties of concrete; due to the pozzolanic effect of glass powder, the incorporation of glass powder can improve the mechanical and durability properties of concrete, but excessive replacement quantities are not conducive to the development of early strength of concrete, and it is recommended that the replacement rate be controlled within 20%. Compared to monodisperse replacement with a single particle size, under the conditions of compounding addition, the compressive, tensile, and shear strengths of concrete were increased, with improvement magnitudes of 35.56%, 21.74%, and 13.79%, respectively. In addition, the durability of concrete was significantly enhanced, with the maximum reduction in water absorption rate being 20.73%, and the maximum decrease in chloride ion permeation being 63.10%. Under the condition of a total replacement rate of 20%, the optimal relative replacement quantities determined by orthogonal test, range analysis, and response surface methodology were 2.86% of 0.6mm glass sand, 1.43% of 1.18mm glass sand, 8.57% of 50-60μm glass powder, and 7.14% of 60-70μm glass powder. The incorporation of composite particle-sized glass sand and glass powder played a role similar to gradation in the concrete matrix, improving the microstructure of concrete, thereby enhancing the mechanical and durability properties of concrete.
Effects of two posterior procedures for treatment of cervical hyperextension injury with multilevel spinal stenosis: A retrospective study
Authors: Liang Zhihao , Guo Tingxian , Xu Yue , Zhao Changqing , Zhao Jie , Cheng Xiaofei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Cervical hyperextension injuries (CHI), commonly resulting in central cord syndrome and spinal instability, often affect the elderly with preexisting degenerative spinal changes, leading to a need for surgical interventions that address both the compression and stability of the cervical spine. This study compares the clinical outcomes of two posterior decompression and fixation procedures for treating cervical hyperextension injury in patients with preexisting multilevel spinal canal stenosis.Methods Patients suffering from cervical hyperextension injury combined with multilevel spinal stenosis were divided into two groups. They received laminoplasty combined with selective unilateral pedicle screw fixation or laminectomy combined with bilateral lateral mass screw fixation. The clinical records including demographic data, operation time, length of hospital stay, estimated blood loss and surgical complications were collected, and clinical outcomes were evaluated using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale. Preoperative and postoperative cervical lordosis were measured.Results Postoperative AISA scores were significantly increased compared with that before surgery in both groups, there was no significant differences between groups. The intraoperative blood loss in the laminoplasty group was significantly less than that in the laminectomy group and there were no significant differences in operation time and length of hospital stay between the two groups. No significant difference was found in the incidence of overall surgical complications between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the cervical lordosis after surgery compared with that before surgery in both groups.Conclusions For patients suffering from cervical hyperextension injury combined with preexisting multilevel spinal stenosis, both cervical laminoplasty with selective unilateral pedicle screw fixation and laminectomy with bilateral lateral mass screw fixation could achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes.
The Impact of Smart City Construction on Residents' Physical Exercise Behavior: An Empirical Analysis Based on CFPS Data
Authors: Dong Fengwei , Ma Miao , Chang Yujie , Tang Lixu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Smart city construction, as a new model of urban development, has become a crucial means to encourage residents' participation in physical exercise. However, there is still a lack of empirical studies on how smart city construction impacts residents' physical activity behavior.
Method
This paper examines the influence of smart city construction on residents' physical activity behaviors using data from the 2014 to 2020 China Family Tracking Survey (CFPS) and employing the double difference model (DID). Data processing involves removing missing values, trimming outliers, and incorporating control variables at the individual, household, and city levels.
Results
The study reveals that smart city construction significantly boosts residents' engagement in physical activity. Smart city policies have a notable positive impact on residents' participation in physical activity, and there are discernible differences in how various resident groups respond to physical activity behaviors. The findings on the mediating effect indicate that the built environment, information channels, and enjoyable consumption play crucial mediating roles between smart city policies and residents' physical activity participation.
Conclusion
Smart city construction directly and indirectly shapes residents' physical activity behavior by enhancing urban infrastructure, broadening information access channels, and fostering enjoyable consumption. In the future, smart city initiatives should prioritize resource distribution balance, enhance infrastructure development in rural and western regions, and further elevate the national fitness level.
Effect of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate on In-hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: SHEN LONGBIN , WANG NAN , YANG RUI , HUANG TAO , HUANG YIXUAN , ZHENG JIAXING , CHEN ZHUOMING , LYU JUN 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Determining the effect of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on in-hospital mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), to provide information for clinicians to develop a diagnosis and treatment plan for patients with AMI.
Design:
Adult patients with AMI from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database were selected. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to determine the survival differences between patients in different eGFR groups. The relationship between the eGFR group and in-hospital mortality was estimated using the Cox regression model. Sensitivity analysis was then achieved by selecting gender and age strata. The nonlinear correlation showed the relationship between the eGFR values and the outcome, and the segmentation functions further calculated the optimal cutoff point.
Results
This study included 6,480 patients with AMI in intensive care units (ICUs). The patients with AMI were divided into two groups according to the eGFR value of 60 mL/min/1.73m2 (low-eGFR group: eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2; high-eGFR group: eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73m2). There was a significant difference in survival status between the two eGFR groups (P < 0.001). High-eGFR group was a protective factor for in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI in different percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (ByPass) groups (P < 0.001). High-eGFR group was a protective factor for in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI in different sex groups. The effect of the high-eGFR group on the outcome for those aged < 65 years was not statistically significant, while the high-eGFR group was a protective factor for the outcome for those aged ≥ 65 years. After excluding patients aged ≥ 65 years, eGFR values were strongly nonlinearly correlated with outcome (P = 0.006), and at this time, the best cutoff point for eGFR affecting the outcome was 31.60 mL/min/1.73m2 (95% confidence interval = 23.23–39.97 mL/min/1.73m2, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Low-eGFR group in patients with AMI was associated with a higher in-hospital mortality risk. The optimal cutoff point of eGFR values for patients aged ≥ 65 years was 31.60 mL/min/1.73m2.
Exploring the Potential of Large Language Models: Can ChatGPT effectively assume the role of medical professionals by providing accurate and reliable responses in childhood cancer?
Authors: Cui Kongkong , Lin Jie , Hu Zaihong , Hong Peng , Gao Zhiqiang , Tian Xiaomao , Wang Yu , Liu Feng , Wei Guanghui , Shi Qinlin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Childhood cancer incidence rises by 1.1% annually, with leukemia up 0.6% and soft-tissue sarcomas 1.8%. This trend challenges pediatric oncology and increases demand for accurate online medical information. This study examined ChatGPT's accuracy and reliability in answering questions about childhood tumors and its ability to provide emotional support.
Methods: This study screened 150 questions from authoritative sources to assess ChatGPT's effectiveness in providing accurate information on childhood cancer. A double-blind evaluation and a four-level scoring system by pediatric oncologists were implemented. We also evaluated ChatGPT's ability to provide emotional support by tailoring ten questions to the users' specific needs.
Result: ChatGPT demonstrated high precision, accurately answering 132 (88%) of 150 questions across various domains: basic knowledge (28%), diagnosis (26.7%), treatment (32%), and prevention (13.3%). It provided 13 (8.7%) correct but incomplete responses and 5 (3.3%) partially correct responses, with no completely incorrect answers. Reproducibility was high at 98%. When evaluated on ten questions about humanistic care and emotional support for children with cancer, ChatGPT received a "B" grade in empathy and an "A" in effective communication. For emotional support, it scored "B" on eight occasions and "C" on two.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ChatGPT's accuracy and repeatability could enable it to offer virtual doctor consultations. However, its emotional support capacity needs improvement. As ChatGPT evolves, it may assume roles traditionally held by physicians. Further research is necessary to assess the risks and efficacy of ChatGPT in pediatric oncology and other medical fields to enhance patient outcomes.
Challenges of implementing electronic prescribing: a case study of a developing country
Authors: Mostafavi Hakimeh , Takian Amirhossein , Mostafavi Sahar , Baktiari Ahad , Mohamadi Efat , Olyaeemanesh Alireza 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Electronic prescribing (E-prescribing) is one of the helpful technologies used in healthcare organizations since it provides complete patient information and helps to avoid prescription errors. We aimed to evaluate the present state of E-prescribing in Iran and identify its process and software flaws in this study.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews with several user groups, health system executives, and patients were used to conduct this qualitative study in 2022. After the interviews were conducted, the MAXQDA 11 was used to code and build the major themes and sub-themes.
Results
According to the interviews, shortcomings in the E-prescribing process include a lack of appropriate culture, poor management, a lack of support for service providers, a lack of physician cooperation, frequent system interruptions, the imposition of extra duties on pharmacies, and a failure to pay attention to underprivileged areas. Moreover, the software has a number of flaws, notably inconsistent coding, a lack of coverage for some medicines, the inability to keep up with an increase in workload, the difficulty to connect some older systems to the latest one, and a lack of user-friendliness.
Conclusions
Despite the country's E-prescribing system improving day by day, its effective implementation requires ongoing interaction with all stakeholders, listening to their ideas, and resolving any current problems or obstacles as quickly as feasible.
Enhanced resolution of optical genome mapping utilizing telomere-to-telomere reference in genetic disorders
Authors: Tallapaka Karthik , Banu Sofia , K Kanakavalli M , George Joel , MS Sreelekshmi , Patil SJ , Phadke Shubha , Sowpati Divya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Reference genomes serve as a baseline criterion for comparison of personal genomes to deduce clinical variants. The widely used reference genome, GRCh38, contains stretches of gaps and unresolved bases particularly in complex regions which could obscure variant discovery. In contrast, the gapless telomere-to-telomere CHM13 (T2T-CHM13) reference genome can be used to assess difficult regions of the genome. Optical genome mapping (OGM), an imaging technique for structural variation identification has improved resolution compared to traditional cytogenetic methods. Our study showcases the utility of the T2T-CHM13 reference genome for enhanced structural variant (SV) detection in complex regions. We illustrate this through two clinical cases, where improved alignment with T2T-CHM13 led to significantly higher confidence scores for critical SVs. We demonstrate improved clinical diagnostic outcomes with the updated T2T-CHM13 reference and advocate its adoption.
Classifying Intraspinal Tumors: A Multi-modal MRI and Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Liyun Hu , Yuan Zhang , Yuanshan Lin , Jie Ma , Xiaofan Yuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective (s):Develop a predictive model for benign and malignant intraspinal tumors using MRI radiomics combined with machine learning, enhancing diagnostic accuracy.
Methods: Retrospective data from 132 patients with intraspinal tumors (2020-2023) were analyzed. MRI scans were processed with 3D Slicer and Pyradiomics to extract features. Features were reduced using the LASSO algorithm and recursive elimination, followed by model construction using logistic regression, SVM, DT, RF, and XGBoost.
Results: 15 key features were identified post-screening. The XGBoost model showed the highest accuracy, with AUCs of 0.992 (training) and 0.542 (test). RF and DT models also performed well, with AUCs of 0.964/0.885 and 0.986/0.543 respectively.
Conclusion(s): Integrating MRI radiomics with machine learning, particularly XGBoost, effectively differentiates intraspinal tumors, offering a non-invasive diagnostic tool that enhances early identification and treatment planning.
The mpox healthcare seeking barriers scale : Development and validation among men who have sex with men in 6 cities of China
Authors: Liu Shangbin , Gao Ying , Xu Huifang , Wang Ying , Xu Gang , Cai Yong , Zhang Jiechen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
China is one of the ten countries most severely affected by the monkeypox outbreak. Over 90% of mpox cases are MSM, primarily identified through proactive healthcare visits. Mpox medical visit worries are barriers to MSM proactively seeking medical assistance. However, there are currently no tools available to measure the barriers of MSM regarding seeking medical care for mpox.
Methods
A total of 2,347 MSM were recruited for this study from six cities in China. Factor analysis was used to explore and validate the factor structure of the MMHSBS. The model's structural validity was evaluated and compared using GFI, NFI, RFI, IFI, TLI, CFI, SRMR and RMSEA. Split-half reliability, Cronbach's α, and McDonald's ω were used to assess the reliability of MMHSBS.
Results
The three-factor structure model of MMHSBS performed best. The indices were as follows: GFI = 0.937, NFI = 0.926, RFI = 0.952, IFI = 0.967, TLI = 0.959, CFI = 0.967, SRMR = 0.046, RMSEA = 0.073. Split-half reliability was 0.844, Cronbach's α was 0.949, and McDonald's ω was 0.950.
Conclusions
The three-factor structure of the MMHSBS demonstrated good reliability and validity among Chinese MSM. Chinese men who have sex with men face relatively strong barriers to seeking healthcare for mpox, with the most prominent barrier being the impact on their personal social image.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by a new-found opportunistic fungal pathogen——Myceliophthora heterothallica：A case report
Authors: Wang Chengxin , Yang Chun , Wang Dan , Wang Jiayin , He Dan , Xu Jiancheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Myceliophthora heterothallica belonging to Myceliophthora is considered as an environmental fungus and has not been reported to be pathogenic or colonizing in recent literatures. The present case firstly reports an elderly ventilation-associated pneumonia caused by Myceliophthora heterothallica.
Case presentation:
A 67-years-old Asian female patient suffering from a sudden disturbance of consciousness for 3 hours was admitted to our hospital. Cardiac arrest occurred during emergency transport, and sinus rhythm was restored after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Invasive mechanical ventilation was given to this patient for respiratory failure. After mechanical ventilation, the lung CT images showed multiple cuneiform nodules arranging subpleural accompanying with ground-glass opacity. On the 5th day of mechanical ventilation, Myceliophthora heterothallica was cultured from endotracheal aspirates. Two methods, namely automatic microbial identification system and internal transcribed spacer sequencing were employed to identify this fungus. The present case firstly uncovered the colonization ability and pathogenicity of Myceliophthora heterothallica in the respiratory tract. After 28d of treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam, this patient weaned from the ventilator and recovered consciousness with lung infection disappearance.
Conclusions
This is the first case report of ventilation-associated pneumonia in elderly patient caused by Myceliophthora heterothallica. This current case is worth for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Myceliophthora heterothallica infection, and also enriches new pathogenic species found of Thermothelomyces species.