bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Genetics of Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Navarro Alba , Beà Sílvia 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive neoplasm considered incurable with current therapies. Both the Cyclin D1 translocation and the profile of genomic alterations are well known but the landscape of somatic mutations has only been recently characterised. Overall, numerical and structural alterations, amplifications, homozygous deletions, and somatic mutations affect components of the cell cycle regulation,
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
damage response, cell survival pathways, NOTCH and NFκB pathways, and the chromatin modification machinery. These alterations are potentially involved in the pathogenesis, progression and poor response to treatment of these lymphomas. In this review, the pathogenetic mechanisms of MCL, and how their better knowledge may help in offering new perspectives for the treatment of patients providing potential targets for individualised therapeutic intervention is discussed.

Key Concepts:

MCL is an aggressive B‐cell lymphoma.

A subset of patients follows an indolent clinical course.

Translocations of CCND1 (or CCND2) are the primary genetic alterations.

MCL have a very specific profile of secondary chromosomal gains and losses.

Several crucial genes are targeted by homozygous deletions and amplifications.

MCL SOX11‐positive with unmutated‐IGHV show high genomic complexity and worse prognostic compared to SOX11‐negative with mutated‐IGHV.

The different molecular and clinical subtypes of MCL have a different mutation distribution pattern.

The main pathways affected by molecular alterations in MCL are cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, cell survival pathways, NOTCH and NFκB pathways, and chromatin modification machinery.

Identifying molecular mechanisms that contribute to MCL pathogenesis and progression may offer potential targets for the management of the patients.
Dimerization of Pyramidalized 3,4,8,9‐Tetramethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.03,9.04,8]dec‐1(6)‐ene to a Hydrocarbon Featuring Four Cyclohexane Rings in Boat Conformations
Authors: Rey‐Carrizo Matias , Barniol‐Xicota Marta , Font‐Bardia Mercè , Vázquez Santiago 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe synthesis, chemical trapping, and dimerization of a highly pyramidalized alkene is reported. Its dimer is a unique nonacycle featuring three planar cyclobutane rings, four cyclopentane rings, and four cyclohexane rings in boat conformations. The X‐ray diffraction analysis showed a H–H distance between the flagpole hydrogen atoms of 1.999 Å and a separation of 2.619 Å between the two flagpole carbon atoms. The three cyclobutane rings of the dimer were thermally stable.
Improving heat ageing and thermal properties of silicone rubber using montmorillonite clay
Authors: Nik Ismail Nik Intan , Ansarifar M. Ali , Song Mo 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTHeat ageing and thermal stability of a silicone rubber (SR) filled with montmorillonite clay (MMT) was investigated. Three types of rubber nanocomposites were prepared with highly exfoliated Cloisite 30B (SR/C30B), intercalated/exfoliated Cloisite Na+ (SR/Na+MMT), and highly intercalated Cloisite 20A (SR/C20A). This study showed that the SR/C30B nanocomposite exhibited excellent heat resistance in comparison to the other two nanocomposites and neat SR as revealed by higher retention strength. The thermal stability of the rubber in air was strongly dependent on the clay morphology and increased in the following order: highly intercalated/exfoliated SR/Na+MMT < highly intercalated SR/C20A < highly exfoliated SR/C30B. The thermogravimetric analyses of the SR/C30B nanocomposite showed a substantial increase in the final residue in comparison with the neat SR. This indicated a major improvement in the thermal stability of the rubber containing the exfoliated clay, which was also supported by the higher activation energy of decomposition measured for the nanocomposite. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 41061.
Three Pillars of Fisheries Policy
Authors: Grafton R. Quentin , Kompas Tom 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe causes of overfishing are reviewed along with deficiencies in top‐down input‐regulated fisheries management. An alternative is the three pillars of fisheries policy intended to ensure sustainable, economically viable fisheries and marine ecosystems. The first pillar are incentives that promote a long‐term interest in both fisheries and marine ecosystems; the second are targets that account for the bioeconomics of fisheries; and the third, adaptive management practices, especially marine protected areas, that promote resilience against ecosystem disturbances. Collectively, the three pillars offer a practical and proven combination to ‘turn the tide’ and help overcome the overexploitation prevalent in many of the world's marine capture fisheries.
Incorporation of apical lymph node status into the seventh edition of the TNM classification improves prediction of prognosis in stage III colonic cancer
Authors: Kawada H , Kurita N , Nakamura F , Kawamura J , Hasegawa S , Kotake K , Sugihara K , Fukuhara S , Sakai Y 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Background
The node classification outlined in the seventh edition of the TNM classification is based solely on the number of metastasized lymph nodes. This study examined the prognostic value of apical lymph node (ALN) metastasis and the additional value of incorporating ALN status into a risk model based on the seventh edition.

Methods
This was a cohort study of patients with stage III colonic cancer who underwent tumour resection with dissection of regional (including apical) lymph nodes at 71 hospitals across Japan between 2000 and 2002. The main exposure was pathologically confirmed ALN metastasis, and the primary endpoint was cancer-specific death.

Results
ALN metastasis was present in 113 (8·3 per cent) of 1355 patients. During 5356 patient-years of follow-up (median 5·0 years), 221 instances (16·3 per cent) of cancer-specific death were observed. After adjustment for tumour and node classification (as described in the seventh edition of the TNM classification) and other prognostic factors, ALN metastasis was found to be independently associated with cancer-specific death (hazard ratio 2·29, 95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·49 to 3·52). Incorporation of ALN metastasis into the prognostic model based on the seventh edition of the TNM classification significantly improved discriminative performance for cancer-specific death (difference in concordance index 0·0146, 95 per cent c.i. 0·0030 to 0·0262) and risk reclassification for cancer-specific death at 5 years (category-free net reclassification improvement 19·4 (95 per cent c.i. 5·0 to 33·4) per cent).

Conclusion
Assessment of ALN metastasis provided independent prognostic information beyond that achievable with the seventh edition of the TNM classification in patients with stage III colonic cancer.
Determination of ASP3258, a novel phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor, in rat plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and its application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Ohtsu Yoshiaki , Takanuki Fumiyo , Fukunaga Yasuhisa , Noguchi Kiyoshi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe potent phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor ASP3258 contains a carboxylic acid moiety and a naphthyridine ring and is a novel therapeutic agent for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To support the drug development of ASP3258, we developed and validated a simple method for its determination in rat plasma. Following the addition of the analog AS1406604‐00 as an internal standard, plasma samples were processed using C18‐bonded solid‐phase extraction cartridges under acidic conditions and injected into a high‐performance liquid chromatography system with fluorescence detection. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Shiseido Capcell Pak C18 UG120 column (3.0 × 150 mm, 5 µm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile–0.5% acetic acid (50:50, v/v). HPLC eluent was monitored with a fluorescence detector set at a wavelength of 315 nm for excitation and 365 nm for emission. The calibration curve was linear over a range of 2.5–250 ng/mL. Validation data demonstrated that the method is selective, sensitive and accurate. In addition, the present method was successfully applied to rat plasma samples from a pharmacokinetic study. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐step refolding and purification of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor‐α (rhTNF‐α) using ion‐exchange chromatography
Authors: Wang Yan , Ren Wenxuan , Gao Dong , Wang Lili , Yang Ying , Bai Quan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractProtein refolding is a key step for the production of recombinant proteins, especially at large scales, and usually their yields are very low. Chromatographic‐based protein refolding techniques have proven to be superior to conventional dilution refolding methods. High refolding yield can be achieved using these methods compared with dilution refolding of proteins. In this work, recombinant human tumor necrosis factor‐α (rhTNF‐α) from inclusion bodies expressed in Escherichia coli was renatured with simultaneous purification by ion exchange chromatography with a DEAE Sepharose FF column. Several chromatographic parameters influencing the refolding yield of the denatured/reduced rhTNF‐α, such as the urea concentration, pH value and concentration ratio of glutathione/oxidized glutathione in the mobile phase, were investigated in detail. Under optimal conditions, rhTNF‐α can be renatured and purified simultaneously within 30 min by one step. Specific bioactivity of 2.18 × 108 IU/mg, purity of 95.2% and mass recovery of 76.8% of refolded rhTNF‐α were achieved. Compared with the usual dilution method, the ion exchange chromatography method developed here is simple and more effective for rhTNF‐α refolding in terms of specific bioactivity and mass recovery. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and validation of a HPLC‐PDA bioanalytical method for the simultaneous estimation of Aliskiren and Amlodipine in human plasma
Authors: Mannemala Sai Sandeep , Nagarajan Janaki Sankarachari Krishnan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA simple, unique and selective HPLC‐PDA method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of aliskiren (ALS) and amlodipine (AML) in human plasma. Extraction of the sample was accomplished by protein precipitation. Plasma proteins were precipitated by employing acetonitrile containing hydrochlorothiazide as internal standard. The compounds were analyzed by HPLC by using PDA detector on a Hibar C18 (250 × 4.6 mm) column with a mobile phase comprising acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 4.2 and 25 mm; 60:40 v/v) with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Different sample pretreatment techniques were evaluated but protein precipitation was found to be satisfactory, offering good recovery values of 97.11–98.45% for ALS and 97.5–99.12% for AML. The within‐day precisions for ALS were 96.66, 99.16 and 99.41% at 90, 240 and 480 ng/mL, respectively, and for AML they were 97.27, 99.54 and 99.31% at 3.3, 8.8 and 17.6 ng/mL, respectively. The between‐day precisions for ALS were 96.66, 99.16 and 99.41% at 90, 240 and 480 ng/mL, respectively and the between‐day precisions for AML were 98.18, 99.20 and 99.40% at 3.3, 8.8 and 17.6 ng/mL, respectively. The limit of quantitation was 30 and 1.0 ng/mL for ALS and AML respectively. Different constituents of plasma proteins did not interfere with the absolute recovery of ALS and AML. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interviews with SIG/III co‐founders: Reflections of Toni Carbo and Michel Menou
Authors: Alemneh Daniel Gelaw 
Published: June 2014

AbstractEDITOR'S SUMMARYThe year 2012–2013 marked the 75th anniversary of ASIS&T and the 30th anniversary of Special Interest Group/International Information Issues (SIG/III), co‐founded by Toni Carbo and Michel Menou. Carbo's involvement with ASIS&T started as a student but was amplified when she realized through international projects how narrow her exposure had been. This prompted her to push the Association to promote a more international stance and to establish SIG/III in 1981. Carbo's vision for SIG/III is for it to continue to build a strong and broad global information community through high quality programs and publications. Michel Menou shares Carbo's pride in SIG/III, noting his involvement in the SIG strengthened his involvement in the information science field. Menou recognized the importance of information science on a global level but noted the dearth of contributors to Association meetings from outside North America, prompting his role in founding SIG/III. Menou is pleased to see the SIG's presence through international sessions, publications, the International Paper Contest and sponsoring membership for colleagues from emerging nations. Both Carbo and Menou note the ambiguous scope of information science as a critical obstacle for the field.
MOOCs – international information and education phenomenon?
Authors: Wilson Lee , Gruzd Anatoliy 
Published: June 2014

AbstractEDITOR'S SUMMARYSince the 1990s massive open online courses (MOOCs) have offered web‐based learning on a large scale and with open access. The leading MOOC providers in 2014 – Udemy, Coursera and edX – vary in detail but share the goal of facilitating learning for unlimited audiences at no cost or minimal charge, overcoming socioeconomic hurdles and opening education to all. The potential is strong, and data shows promising registration figures from India and economically developing countries. Yet MOOCs fall short of their goal of widespread and readily accessed education, impeded by technology challenges, lack of basic education and predominance of English as the language of instruction. Maintaining a high standard of educational quality is challenging, and attrition rates are very high. Those in library and information science can facilitate learning through MOOCs and also benefit by using the platform to build awareness of the professional field.
Carotid artery stenting and patient outcomes: The CABANA surveillance study
Authors: Hopkins L. Nelson , White Christopher J. , Foster Malcolm T. , Powell Richard J. , Zemel Gerald , Diaz‐Cartelle Juan 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesThe purpose of the prospective, multicenter, nonrandomized CABANA study was to evaluate periprocedural clinical outcomes in high surgical risk patients with carotid artery stenosis treated with the Carotid WALLSTENT plus FilterWire EZ Embolic Protection System by a diverse group of clinicians.BackgroundThere is a need for additional evidence evaluating carotid artery stenting (CAS) performed by operators with various experience and training levels.MethodsThe study enrolled symptomatic (≥50% carotid artery stenosis) and asymptomatic (≥80% carotid stenosis) patients at high risk for carotid endarterectomy. Study centers were grouped into three tiers based on previous CAS experience while individual operators were grouped by their CAS training. The primary endpoint was the 30‐day composite of major adverse events [MAEs; including stroke, death, and myocardial infarction (MI)]. Individual event rates were evaluated across the overall study, and by center experience and physician training tier.ResultsOf 1,097 enrolled patients, 1,025 were evaluable for 30‐day MAE rate. The stroke rate (3.3%) was a major contributing factor in the overall MAE rate (4.6%). Mortality was 1.3% and the MI rate was 0.5%. There was no statistically significant association between MAE rates among the center experience tiers (P = 0.61) nor among the operator training categories (P = 0.26).ConclusionsCAS with the Carotid WALLSTENT and FilterWire EZ yielded a low 30‐day MAE rate that did not differ significantly across operator experience and training levels. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00741091. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photoelectrochemical Response of DSSCs Under Prolonged Reverse Bias and Conduction Band Lowering in Ru‐Complex‐Sensitized TiO2
Authors: Pumiglia Davide , Giustini Mauro , Dini Danilo , Decker Franco , Lanuti Alessandro , Mastroianni Simone , Veyres Sarah , Caprioli Fabrizio 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTiO2‐based dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) sensitized with the Ru‐dyes N719 and Z907, are subjected to prolonged reverse bias (RB) by imposing a constant current density of 25 mA cm−2 for up to 1000 h. The temporal changes of the DSSCs during the aging process are followed by the periodical recording of current–voltage curves, electrochemical impedance spectra, charge extraction measurements, and photovoltage decays at the various stages of cell aging. Beside the expected decrease in the concentration of ${{\rm{I}}_3^ - }$ during RB aging, the measurements show a surprising shift of the conduction band edge toward lower energies and a concomitant slowing down of the recombination process with the electrolyte for both DSSCs. This leads to a noticeable improvement in the energy conversion efficiency under low illumination conditions. These unexpected results are discussed on the basis of recent literature reports and attributed tentatively to the adsorption of H+ ions, which are produced during the RB aging, onto the TiO2 surface.
Enantiospecific Analysis of 8‐Prenylnaringenin in Biological Fluids by Liquid‐Chromatography‐Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Application to Preclinical Pharmacokinetic Investigations
Authors: Martinez Stephanie E. , Lakowski Ted M. , Davies Neal M. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT8‐Prenylnaringenin (8PN) is a naturally occurring bioactive chiral prenylflavonoid found most commonly in the female flowers of hops (Humulus lupulusL.). A stereospecific method of analysis for 8PN in biological fluids is necessary to study the pharmacokinetic disposition of each enantiomer. A novel and simple liquid chromatographic‐electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination ofR‐ andS‐8PN in rat serum and urine. Carbamazepine was used as the internal standard (IS). Enantiomeric resolution of 8PN was achieved on a Chiralpak®AD‐RH column with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 2‐propanol and 10 mM ammonium formate (pH 8.5) (40:60, v/v) and a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. Detection was achieved using negative selective ion monitoring (SIM) of 8PN at m/z 339.15 for both enantiomers and positive SIM m/z at 237.15 for the IS. The calibration curves for urine were linear over a range of 0.01–75 µg/mL and 0.05–75 µg/mL for serum with a limit of quantification of 0.05 µg/mL in serum and 0.01 µg/mL in urine. The method was successfully validated showing that it was sensitive, reproducible, and accurate for enantiospecific quantification of 8PN in biological matrices. The assay was successfully applied to a preliminary study of 8PN enantiomers in rat.Chirality 26:419–426, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
NMR Structure of an Ethylene Interstrand Cross‐Linked DNA which Mimics the Lesion Formed by 1,3‐Bis(2‐chloroethyl)‐1‐nitrosourea
Authors: O'Flaherty Derek K. , Denisov Alexey Y. , Noronha Anne M. , Wilds Christopher J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe bisalkylating agent 1,3‐bis(2‐chloroethyl)‐1‐nitrosourea (BCNU), used in cancer chemotherapy to hinder cellular proliferation, forms lethal interstrand cross‐links (ICLs) in DNA. BCNU generates an ethylene linkage connecting the two DNA strands at the N1 atom of 2′‐deoxyguanosine and N3 atom of 2′‐deoxycytidine, which is a synthetically challenging probe to prepare. To this end, an ICL duplex linking the N1 atom of 2′‐deoxyinosine to the N3 atom of thymidine via an ethylene linker was devised as a mimic. We have solved the structure of this ICL duplex by a combination of molecular dynamics and high‐field NMR experiments. The ethylene linker is well‐accommodated in the duplex with minimal global and local perturbations relative to the unmodified duplex. These results may account for the substantial stabilization of the ICL duplex observed by UV thermal denaturation experiments and provides structural insights of a probe that may be useful for DNA repair studies.
Early adoption of the human papillomavirus vaccine among Hispanic adolescent males in the United States
Authors: Reiter Paul L. , Brewer Noel T. , Gilkey Melissa B. , Katz Mira L. , Paskett Electra D. , Smith Jennifer S. 
Published: June 2014

BACKGROUNDHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is common among Hispanic males, but to the authors' knowledge little is known regarding HPV vaccination in this population. The authors examined the early adoption of the HPV vaccine among a national sample of Hispanic adolescent males.METHODSThe authors analyzed provider‐verified HPV vaccination data from the 2010 through 2012 National Immunization Survey‐Teen (NIS‐Teen) for Hispanic males aged 13 years to 17 years (n = 4238). Weighted logistic regression identified correlates of HPV vaccine initiation (receipt of ≥1 doses).RESULTSHPV vaccine initiation was 17.1% overall, increasing from 2.8% in 2010 to 31.7% in 2012 (P<.0001). Initiation was higher among sons whose parents had received a provider recommendation to vaccinate compared with those whose parents had not (53.3% vs 9.0%; odds ratio, 8.77 [95% confidence interval, 6.05‐12.70]). Initiation was also higher among sons who had visited a health care provider within the previous year (odds ratio, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.39‐4.23). Among parents with unvaccinated sons, Spanish‐speaking parents reported much higher intent to vaccinate compared with English‐speaking parents (means: 3.52 vs 2.54; P<.0001). Spanish‐speaking parents were more likely to indicate lack of knowledge (32.9% vs 19.9%) and not having received a provider recommendation (32.2% vs 17.7%) as the main reasons for not intending to vaccinate (both P<.05).CONCLUSIONSHPV vaccination among Hispanic adolescent males has increased substantially in recent years. Ensuring health care visits and provider recommendation will be key for continuing this trend. Preferred language may also be important for increasing HPV vaccination and addressing potential barriers to vaccination. Cancer 2014;120:3200–3207. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Do the short‐wave cones signal blueness?
Authors: Oh Sungmi , Sakata Katsuaki 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA simple correspondence between S‐cone response and the sensation of blueness has long been questioned. We measured color appearance using a series of S‐cone isolating stimuli and a paired comparison paradigm to identify a direct correspondence between S‐cone response and perceived hue strength. The results revealed a non‐monotonic reversal in perceived blueness at the unique‐blue line: The S‐cone increment initially increased blueness, but as S‐cone excitation grew past the pure‐blue line, blueness decreased and redness increased. It is difficult to account for this pattern of results by supposing that the sensation of blueness is mediated by a conventional linear channel that extracts (S+M)/L: If the ratio L:M is held constant, the output of such a channel should always increase with increasing S, and so inhibition from a second channel would be needed to account for our result. We also consider another category of explanation: The appearance of a given chromaticity may depend on its position relative to the fundamental axis of daylight locus, which serves as an internalized reference. In an account of the latter kind, there is a systematic mapping between chromaticities and sensations, but there does not need to be a distinct neural signal that represents “blueness.” © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 40, 323–328, 2015