bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of histopathologic examination and Xpert (MTB/RIF) assay in diagnosis of cervical lymph node tuberculosis after coarse needle biopsy guided by CEUS: a retrospective analysis of 612 cases
Authors: Zhang Wenzhi , Xu Jianping , Zhang Lin , Ni Tu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the value of histopathological examination (HPE) and Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli/rifampicin (MTB/RIF) assay in diagnosis of cervical lymph node tuberculosis (LN TB) after coarse needle biopsy (CNB).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 612 samples obtained from October 2017 to August 2023 from patients suspected cervical LN TB with surgically pathological, microbial culture confirmed, and clinically confirmed cervical lymph node enlargement who received ultrasound-guided CNB assisted by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at our hospital. All specimens were assessed by HPE and the Xpert (MTB/RIF) assay. We analyzed the results to determine the diagnostic value of HPE and Xpert (MTB/RIF) assay in samples taken after CEUS-assisted CNB of LN TB, and to evaluate the safety of CNB.

Results
Based on the comprehensive reference standard established in this study, 532 of 612 patients were diagnosed with cervical LN TB, of which 476 were CNB positive cases, the positive rate of diagnosis was 89.5%。The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative and predictive value of HPE were 80.4%, 91.2%, 98.4%, 41.2% respectively, while those of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay were 75.7%, 98.7%, 99.7%, 38.0% respectively. No postoperative complications were noted, and the Clavien–Dindo grade was 2.

Conclusion
CEUS-assisted CNB has high diagnostic value and is safe for cervical LN TB. The sensitivity of HPE is slightly higher than that of Xpert (MTB/RIF) assay, and the specificity of Xpert (MTB/RIF) assay is higher than that of HPE, so Xpert (MTB/RIF) assay can correct the cervical lymph node tuberculosis with negative HPE.
Receptor Discordance in Metastatic Breast Cancer; a review of clinical and genetic subtype alterations from primary to metastatic disease
Authors: Dowling Gavin P. , Keelan Stephen , Cosgrove Nicola S. , Daly Gordon R. , Giblin Katie , Toomey Sinead , Hennessy Bryan T. , Hill Arnold D. K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Receptor and subtype discordance between primary breast tumours and metastases is a frequently reported phenomenon. The aim of this article is to review the current evidence on receptor discordance in metastatic breast cancer and to explore the benefit of performing a repeat biopsy in this context.

Methods
Searches were undertaken on PubMed and Clinicaltrials.gov for relevant publications and trials.

Conclusion
The current guidelines recommend offering to perform a biopsy of a metastatic lesion to evaluate receptor status. The choice of systemic therapy in metastatic disease is often based on the receptor status of the primary lesion. As therapeutic decision making is guided by subtype, biopsy of the metastatic lesion to determine receptor status may alter treatment. This article discusses discordance rates, the mechanisms of receptor discordance, the effect of discordance on treatment and survival outcomes, as well as highlighting some ongoing clinical trials in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
An improved moth flame optimization for optimal DG and battery energy storage allocation in distribution systems
Authors: Elseify Mohamed A. , Kamel Salah , Nasrat Loai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeploying distributed generators (DGs) powered by renewable energy poses a significant challenge for effective power system operation. Optimally scheduling DGs, especially photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind turbines (WTs), is critical because of the unpredictable nature of wind speed and solar radiation. These intermittencies have posed considerable challenges to power grids, including power oscillation, increased losses, and voltage instability. To overcome these challenges, the battery energy storage (BES) system supports the PV unit, while the biomass aids the WT unit, mitigating power fluctuations and boosting supply continuity. Therefore, the main innovation of this study is presenting an improved moth flame optimization algorithm (IMFO) to capture the optimal scheduling of multiple dispatchable and non-dispatchable DGs for mitigating energy loss in power grids, considering different dynamic load characteristics. The IMFO algorithm comprises a new update position expression based on a roulette wheel selection strategy as well as Gaussian barebones (GB) and quasi-opposite-based learning (QOBL) mechanisms to enhance exploitation capability, global convergence rate, and solution precision. The IMFO algorithm's success rate and effectiveness are evaluated using 23rd benchmark functions and compared with the basic MFO algorithm and other seven competitors using rigorous statistical analysis. The developed optimizer is then adopted to study the performance of the 69-bus and 118-bus distribution grids, considering deterministic and stochastic DG's optimal planning. The findings reflect the superiority of the developed algorithm against its rivals, emphasizing the influence of load types and varying generations in DG planning. Numerically, the optimal deployment of BES + PV and biomass + WT significantly maximizes the energy loss reduction percent to 68.3471 and 98.0449 for the 69-bus's commercial load type and to 54.833 and 52.0623 for the 118-bus's commercial load type, respectively, confirming the efficacy of the developed algorithm for maximizing the performance of distribution systems in diverse situations.
Optimal fiscal policy in times of uncertainty: a stochastic control approach
Authors: Neck Reinhard , Blueschke Dmitri , Blueschke-Nikolaeva Viktoria 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper deals with the possibilities of designing optimal fiscal policy under uncertainty. First, different forms of uncertainty are discussed for economic policy analysis and design. For dynamic models under uncertainty, a stochastic optimum control framework is presented. Algorithms for nonlinear models are briefly reviewed: OPTCON1 for open-loop control, OPTCON2 for open-loop feedback (passive learning) control, and OPTCON3 for dual control with active learning. The OPTCON algorithms determine approximately optimal fiscal policies. The results from calculating these policies for a small macroeconometric model for Slovenia serve to illustrate the applicability of the OPTCON algorithms and compare their solutions. The results show that the most sophisticated and time intensive active-learning solution, which requires the use of an extremely small and simple model of the economy, is not necessarily superior to the simpler solutions. For actual policy design problems and policy advice, it will often be better to neglect the stochastic uncertainty and use deterministic optimization instead, especially since in practice, the most important forms of uncertainty are not stochastic but relate to the model specification, the behaviour of other policy makers or other agents, or fundamental uncertainty that cannot be dealt with at all.
Evaluation and interpretation of landscapes from satellite imagery
Authors: San Martin Saldias Daisy , McGlade James , Guzman Aguayo Liliana , Reinke Karin , Wallace Luke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSatellite imagery allows us to view landscapes from a bird’s eye view, providing a new dimension in appreciating the environments we inhabit. This alternative perspective has the potential to shape individual perceptions of landscapes and play a pivotal role in land management decision-making and communication. However, the interpretation and appreciation of landscapes seen in satellite imagery may vary among observers. This study investigates the relationship between individuals’ ability to interpret images from eye-level and satellite perspectives, their familiarity with the landscape, and their appreciation of land cover from this viewpoint. To achieve this, a survey was conducted presenting respondents with images of land cover classes captured at eye level and from satellite imagery of the Yungay municipality in Chile. Participants were asked to interpret the primary land use land cover (LULC) depicted in the imagery and indicate their appreciation of that landscape. Variation in the interpretation of LULC was observed between the image source and land cover type. For instance, forest classes seen in eye-level imagery were more accurately interpreted compared to satellite imagery, while the reverse was true for agriculture. These differences in interpretation also impacted the appreciation scores assigned to the landscapes in the images. Specifically, if respondents perceived an image to be dominated by a traditionally appreciated land cover (e.g., Native Vegetation), they provided a higher score, even if the image depicted another class (e.g., Plantation Forestry). These findings highlight that considering the influence of satellite imagery in shaping perception is crucial in supporting land management activities.
CMK: Enhancing Resource Usage Monitoring across Diverse Bioinformatics Workflow Management Systems
Authors: Nica Robert , Götz Stefan , Moltó Germán 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe increasing use of multiple Workflow Management Systems (WMS) employing various workflow languages and shared workflow repositories enhances the open-source bioinformatics ecosystem. Efficient resource utilization in these systems is crucial for keeping costs low and improving processing times, especially for large-scale bioinformatics workflows running in cloud environments. Recognizing this, our study introduces a novel reference architecture, Cloud Monitoring Kit (CMK), for a multi-platform monitoring system. Our solution is designed to generate uniform, aggregated metrics from containerized workflow tasks scheduled by different WMS. Central to the proposed solution is the use of task labeling methods, which enable convenient grouping and aggregating of metrics independent of the WMS employed. This approach builds upon existing technology, providing additional benefits of modularity and capacity to seamlessly integrate with other data processing or collection systems. We have developed and released an open-source implementation of our system, which we evaluated on Amazon Web Services (AWS) using a transcriptomics data analysis workflow executed on two scientific WMS. The findings of this study indicate that CMK provides valuable insights into resource utilization. In doing so, it paves the way for more efficient management of resources in containerized scientific workflows running in public cloud environments, and it provides a foundation for optimizing task configurations, reducing costs, and enhancing scheduling decisions. Overall, our solution addresses the immediate needs of bioinformatics workflows and offers a scalable and adaptable framework for future advancements in cloud-based scientific computing.
Turning universities into data-driven organisations: seven dimensions of change
Authors: Komljenovic Janja , Sellar Sam , Birch Kean 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUniversities are striving to become data-driven organisations, benefitting from data collection, analysis, and various data products, such as business intelligence, learning analytics, personalised recommendations, behavioural nudging, and automation. However, datafication of universities is not an easy process. We empirically explore the struggles and challenges of UK universities in making digital and personal data useful and valuable. We structure our analysis along seven dimensions: the aspirational dimension explores university datafication aims and the challenges of achieving them; the technological dimension explores struggles with digital infrastructure supporting datafication and data quality; the legal dimension includes data privacy, security, vendor management, and new legal complexities that datafication brings; the commercial dimension tackles proprietary data products developed using university data and relations between universities and EdTech companies; the organisational dimension discusses data governance and institutional management relevant to datafication; the ideological dimension explores ideas about data value and the paradoxes that emerge between these ideas and university practices; and the existential dimension considers how datafication changes the core functioning of universities as social institutions.
Effects of SARS-COV-2 on molecules involved in vascularization and autophagy in placenta tissues
Authors: Simioni C. , Sanz J. M. , Gafà R. , Tagliatti V. , Greco P. , Passaro A. , Neri L. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 infection is considered as a multi-organ disease, and several studies highlighted the relevance of the virus infection in the induction of vascular injury and tissue morphological alterations, including placenta. In this study, immunohistochemical analyses were carried out on placenta samples derived from women with COVID-19 infection at delivery (SARS-CoV-2 PCR+) or women healed from a COVID-19 infection (SARS-CoV-2 negative at delivery, SARS-CoV-2 PCR-) or women who gave birth before 2019 (Control). Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, Cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147), endothelial CD34 marker, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and total Microtubule-associated protein 1 Light Chain 3B marker (LC3B) were investigated in parallel with SPIKE protein by standard IHC. Multiplexed Immunohistochemical Consecutive Staining on Single Slide (MICSSS) was used to examine antigen co-expression in the same specimen. SPIKE protein was detected in villi and decidua from women with ongoing infection, with no significant differences in SPIKE staining between both biopsy sites. VEGF was significantly increased in SARS-CoV-2 PCR + biopsies compared to control and SARS-CoV-2 PCR- samples, and MICSSS method showed the co-localization of SPIKE with VEGF and CD34. The induction of autophagy, as suggested by the LC3B increase in SARS-CoV-2 PCR + biopsies and the co-expression of LC3B with SPIKE protein, may explain one of the different mechanisms by which placenta may react to infection. These data could provide important information on the impact that SARS-CoV-2 may have on the placenta and mother-to-fetus transmission.
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation for Collaborative Multi-Robot Systems Based on Task Execution Measures
Authors: Slim Malak , Daher Naseem , Elhajj Imad H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMulti-robot systems (MRSs) is a growing field of research that focuses on the collaboration of multiple robots to achieve a common global objective. Managing these systems poses several challenges, including coordination, task allocation, and communication. Among these challenges, a major area of focus is devising an effective communication scheme that ensures robots’ cooperation and adapts to varying conditions during task execution. In this paper, we develop a novel communication management framework tailored for MRSs, specifically addressing dynamic bandwidth distribution in networked teleoperated robotic systems. The algorithm is combined with semi-autonomous formation control based on the Artificial Potential Fields (APF) algorithm, which allows each individual robot to avoid local obstacles autonomously and tries to maintain a desired formation with its neighbors, while the operator is in charge of high-level control only. Common Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) algorithms allocate bandwidth to different units based on network conditions and requirements. On the other hand, our proposed DBA scheme dynamically distributes the available bandwidth on communication streams based on factors related to task execution and system performance. In specific, bandwidth is allocated in a way that adapts to changes occurring in the system’s environment and its internal state, including the effect of the autonomous action taken by the path planner on the MRS and the performance of the controller of each individual robot. By addressing the limitations of existing approaches through shaping the communication behavior of the MRS based on performance measures, our proposed algorithm offers a promising solution for improving the performance and efficiency of MRSs. The proposed scheme is tested through simulations on a group of six unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the Robot Operating System (ROS)-Gazebo simulation environment. The obtained results show the scheme’s capability for enhancing the robotic system’s performance while significantly reducing bandwidth consumption. Experimental testing on two mobile robots further demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Death Feigning in Larvae of Scorpionflies (Mecoptera: Panorpidae): Frequency and Postural Changes Based on Larval Instars
Authors: Ishihara Ryo , Matsumura Kentarou , Miyatake Takahisa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeath feigning is thought to have evolved primarily as a predator avoidance behavior, and has been reported in 10 of the 31 orders of insects. However, there have been no reports of death-feigning behavior in Mecoptera species. We found that larvae of two scorpionfly species, Panorpa japonica and P. pryeri, showed death feigning in response to external stimuli by brush poking stimulation. First, we examined the frequencies of death-feigning postures. The two species showed two different postures of death feigning, “straight” and “ball.” Most of the 1st instar larvae of P. japonica and P. pryeri adopted the straight death-feigning posture. Next, we examined duration of death feigning. As the larval instar progressed, the death-feigning posture shifted from straight to ball in both Panorpa species. In P. japonica, the longest durations of death feigning were found in the 2nd to 3rd instars, while the longest duration of death feigning was found in the late 4th instar in P. pryeri larvae.
Structural assessment of electric two-wheeler battery enclosure: thermal and structural study
Authors: Chidambaram Ramesh Kumar , Pedapati Prithvi Raj , Kanna P. Rajesh , Taler Dawid , Sobota Tomasz , Taler Jan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn recent times, electric two-wheelers (ETWs) are changing the face of the global automotive market. This study focused on selecting the proper material and mechanical isolation gap to design a protective enclosure for the battery pack of ETW. The integration of the failure, modes, mechanism and effect analysis (FMMEA) method is utilized to develop the interface matrix and the severity index of different components of the enclosure. By analysing different forces from the road conditions, dynamics during turn, acceleration and deceleration with the enclosure, it becomes a crucial load-bearing element. Employing finite element modelling (FEM), structural strength using materials like AL6061, Q235, C22000, DC01 and Teflon is assessed under varying static, dynamic and thermal conditions. Modal analysis is conducted to observe the excitation frequencies where the maximum deformation for the metal enclosure is observed beyond 500 Hz. AL6061 material that can withstand the stresses and deformations that are under allowable stress limits with negligible deformation is the most preferable material based on the results. A minimum of 2.5-mm gap is to be provided in case of metal enclosure and 10 mm in case of Teflon is proven.
A Scoping Review of Patient-Centered Perinatal Contraceptive Counseling
Authors: Karlin Jennifer , Newmark Rebecca L. , Oberman Nina , Dehlendorf Christine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Contraceptive counseling during the perinatal period is an important component of comprehensive perinatal care. We synthesized research about contraceptive counseling during the perinatal period, which has not previously been systematically compiled.

Methods
We developed search criteria to identify articles listed in PubMed, Embase, and Popline databases published between 1992 and July 2022 that address patients’ preferences for, and experiences of, perinatal contraceptive counseling, as well as health outcomes associated with this counseling. Search results were independently reviewed by multiple reviewers to assess relevance for the present review. Methods were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Results
Thirty-four articles were included in the final full text review. Of the included articles, 10 included implementation and evaluation of a contraceptive counseling method or protocol, and 24 evaluated preferences for or experiences of existing contraceptive counseling in the perinatal period. Common themes included the acceptability of contraceptive counseling in the peripartum and postpartum periods, and a preference for contraceptive counseling at some point during the antenatal period and before the inpatient hospital experience, and direct provider-patient discussion instead of video or written material. Multiple studies suggest that timing, content, and modality should be individualized. In general, avoiding actual or perceived directiveness and providing multi-modal counseling that includes both written educational materials and patient-provider conversations was desired.

Discussion
The perinatal period constitutes a critical opportunity to provide contraceptive counseling that can support pregnant and postpartum people’s management of their reproductive futures. The reviewed studies highlight the importance of patient-centered approach to providing this care, including flexibility of timing, content, and modality to accommodate individual preferences.
Which droughts are becoming more frequent? A copula entropy analysis on the return period of droughts in Europe
Authors: Alencar Pedro H. L. , Paton Eva N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Climate change and global warming have increased the frequency of extreme events, particularly over the past decades. Changes in drought frequency are not yet understood, especially regarding which drought features are becoming more frequent (e.g., are longer or high-magnitude droughts becoming more frequent, or both?). In this study, we present a novel methodology to accurately and consistently estimate changes in return periods of different types of droughts. For this purpose, we implemented copula-entropy theory to assess drought frequencies and their changes. As an example of the application of the proposed method, we used data from the European Climate Assessment and Dataset (ECA&D), from which we selected 26 stations in Central Europe with over 100 years of data and low incidence of missing days (

$$\le$$

≤

0.3%). The results of the new analysis indicate that there was a high variability in the frequency change patterns across Central Europe over the last century; however, most regions have experienced an increase in the frequency of medium-to-high intensity droughts. The use of the copula-entropy theory to assess drought frequency is a reliable method that allows systematic monitoring and easy updating of current knowledge, and is computationally efficient and statistically robust.