bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes after revision of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty to reverse shoulder arthroplasty and comparison between cemented or metal-backed glenoid in platform systems.
Authors: Zampeli Frantzeska , Kazum Efi , Gomez Alejandro , Valenti Philippe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study is to report the outcomes after revision of anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (ATSA) to reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) and to compare between groups depending on the primary ATSA glenoid implant type, cemented polyethylene (PE) versus a convertible metal-backed (MB). The hypothesis was that the outcomes would differ between patients treated with ATSA with PE and MB implants in favor of the platform system.
Methods
Group A included ten cases of convertible MB glenoid that were revised due to instability (six cases), posterosuperior rotator cuff tear (RCT) (two cases), subscapularis rupture (one case) and polyethylene dissociation (one case); Group B included ten cases of cemented PE that were revised due to glenoid loosening (six cases), RCT (two cases), dislocation (one case), and painful stiffness (one case). Active motion, Constant score, subjective shoulder value, Simple Shoulder Test and pain (VAS) were evaluated at minimum follow-up of two years. Student’s t test and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis. Level of significance α=0.05.
Results
For the entire study cohort, postoperative results were improved compared to the preoperative state (p<0.05) at mean follow-up 60 months (24-188). Group A demonstrated improved postoperative pain levels compared to Group B (VAS 0.1 vs 1.9; p=0.004). No other differences were detected between the two groups (p>0.05). One complication occurred in Group B where one patient was re-operated for RSA instability with a good final functional outcome.
Conclusions
ATSA to RSA conversion resulted in improved functional outcomes. Post RSA motion and functional outcomes did not differ between the two groups with exception of reduced pain levels for patients treated with a convertible MB ATSA system.
Level of evidence: III; retrospective comparative study; treatment study
Comparison of the antiarrhythmic effects between hawthorn special extract WS® 1442 and magnesium/potassium using data from clinical practice in Germany: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wyss Christophe , Gündling Peter , Kostev Karel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Hawthorn special extract WS® 1442 has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Experimental studies showed an antiarrhythmic effect of the substance. We therefore investigated antiarrhythmic effects of WS® 1442 compared with magnesium/potassium in a large collective of outpatients.
Methods: Using the IQVIA® Disease Analyzer (DA) database, we included 4,550 patients with a prescription of WS® 1442 and 4,550 matched patients with Tromcardin® prescriptions (all registered products under the trademark Tromcardin® that are magnesium and potassium supplementing foods for special medical purposes) who were followed for 5 years after the index date. The incidence of various cardiac arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation and flutter (AFF), tachycardia, and other cardiac arrhythmias) was recorded. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the potential association between both drugs and arrhythmias.
Results: The cumulative incidence of AFF was significantly lower among patients with WS® 1442 prescription compared to patients with magnesium/potassium prescriptions (10.8% vs. 16.4%, p<0.001). WS® 1442 prescription was significantly associated with a lower incidence of AFF compared to magnesium/potassium (HR: 0.71; 95%CI: 0.64-0.80; p<0.001). The cumulative incidence of tachycardia was significantly lower with WS® 1442 compared to magnesium/potassium (8.3% vs. 9.4%, p<0.001). Similarly, the cumulative incidence of other cardiac arrhythmias was significantly lower among WS® 1442 patients compared to patients with magnesium/potassium (10.2% vs. 14.8%, p<0.001).
Conclusion: In a large collective of outpatients, intake of WS® 1442 was associated with a significantly lower incidence of atrial fibrillation, tachycardia, and other cardiac arrhythmias compared to magnesium/potassium, indicating its potential in treating and preventing such conditions.
Sphk1/S1P pathway promotes blood-brain barrier breakdown after intracerebral hemorrhage through inducing Nlrp3-mediated endothelial cell pyroptosis
Authors: Guo Fu-You , Feng Mengzhao , An Yuan , Qin Qi , Fong Iat-Hang , Zhang Kaiyuan , Wang Fang , Song Dengpan , Li Mengyuan , Yu Min , YEH Chi-Tai , Chang Junlei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe stroke subtype with high mortality and limited therapeutic options. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption post-ICH exacerbates secondary brain injury, highlighting the need for targeted therapies to preserve BBB integrity. This study aims to investigate the role of the Sphk1/S1P pathway in BBB breakdown following ICH and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Sphk1 inhibition in mitigating this disruption. Using a combination of human patient samples, mouse models of ICH, and in vitro cellular assays, this study assesses the expression of Sphk1/S1P and its impact on BBB integrity. The Sphk1 inhibitor PF543 is utilized to explore the pathway's role in modulating Nlrp3-mediated endothelial cell pyroptosis. SiRNA targeting Sphk1 is utilized to examine the suppression of pyroptosis in brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) following the knockdown of Sphk1. The results indicate significant upregulation of Sphk1/S1P in the peri-hematomal brain tissue after ICH, which correlates with increased BBB permeability. Pharmacological inhibition of Sphk1 with PF543 attenuates BBB leakage, reduces hematoma volume, and improves neurological outcomes in mice. Mechanistic insights reveals that Sphk1 inhibition preserves tight junction proteins and decreases endothelial transcytosis, stabilizing the BBB. Furthermore, Sphk1/S1P is shown to promote Nlrp3-mediated endothelial cell pyroptosis, with the protective effects of Sphk1 inhibition mediates through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. The Sphk1/S1P pathway plays a critical role in ICH-induced BBB breakdown, and its inhibition presents a promising therapeutic strategy for ICH management. Targeting this pathway may offer a novel approach to reduce secondary brain injury and improve patient outcomes following ICH.
E. coli mediated Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis with Thyroid abscess in a patient with Urosepsis: Case report
Authors: Chakravarty Sharmistha , John Raima M , Ghosh Amritava 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Thyroid abscesses are rare modalities of infectious pathology of the thyroid gland. The thyroid is highly resistant to infection due to high iodine content, capsule, and rich vascularity. Acute suppurative thyroiditis represents less than 1% of thyroid diseases, but if present, could potentially lead to a life-threatening endocrine emergency.
Case Presentation: A 62 year-old elderly diabetic lady presented with complaints of sudden onset anterior neck swelling and difficulty in swallowing for a week. She had a history of Urinary Tract Infection leading to Acute Kidney Injury and Urosepsis twenty days back, which was managed conservatively by antibiotics. Bacteraemia from the urosepsis spread to thyroid gland leading to Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis and thyroid abscess. Patient developed acute onset painful enlargement of thyroid gland. Incision and drainage of the neck abscess was done along with left thyroid lobectomy and tracheostomy. She developed left vocal cord paresis postoperatively, but the hoarseness improved after three months. Regular dressing and parenteral antibiotics against E. coli resulted in complete wound healing in two weeks.
Conclusion: We found an association of urinary tract infection with thyroid abscess which was confirmed by E.coli positivity in thyroid abscess pus culture report and previous urine culture reports. In cases of acute suppurative thyroiditis with thyroid abscess, the primary source of infection should be searched and meticulously treated because in majority of cases it occurs due to bacteriological spread from a distant site in the body.
Histopathology and proteomics are synergistic for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer platinum response prediction
Authors: Csabai István , Kilim Oz , Olar Alex , Biricz András , Madaras Lilla , Pollner Péter , Szallasi Zoltan , Sztupinszki Zsofia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Patients with High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC) exhibit varied responses to treatment, with 20–30% showing de novo resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. While hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) pathological slides are used for routine diagnosis of cancer type, they may also contain diagnostically useful information about treatment response. Our study demonstrates that combining H&E-stained Whole Slide Images (WSIs) with proteomic signatures using a multimodal deep learning framework significantly improves the prediction of platinum response in both discovery and validation cohorts. This method outperforms the Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) score in predicting platinum response and overall patient survival. The study sets new performance benchmarks and explores the intersection of histology and proteomics, highlighting phenotypes related to treatment response pathways, including homologous recombination, DNA damage response, nucleotide synthesis, apoptosis, and ER stress. This integrative approach has the potential to improve personalized treatment and provide insights into the therapeutic vulnerabilities of HGSOC.
Malaria Dynamics in Iran:Insights fromAutochthonous and Asymptomatic
Authors: Sadeghi Fatemeh , Nodez Seyed Mohsen Mohebbi , Khosravani Mousa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The global efforts to eradicate malaria infection are continuing. Certain countries were declared free status, while others ended up in the control or elimination phase. Primary data were collected from Hormozgan province CDC surveillance and control programs between April 2018 and May 2023. Health professionals entered the data of malaria patients into Microsoft Excel and separated them into two categories: public data (demographic and socioeconomic) and clinical symptoms relevant to our community, such as age, sex, nationality, occupation, residential status, and parasite species. More time was spent organizing them to run an accurate statistical test in SPSS. The study included 289 cases: 87.5% male, and 12.5% female; Most of them were 11–29 years old. Vivax malaria was found in 78.9% of the total study population, Afghans, Pakistanis, and Iranians (as autochthonous cases) with percentages of 56.7%, 30.8%, and 12.5%, respectively. In 2023, the number of cases reached its peak, especially in Jask County. 94.1% received treatment and 45.7% were asymptomatic. Imported malaria can indeed contribute to maintain malaria transmission among native populations and potentially increase autochthonous malaria cases. Their movement needs to be strictly monitored. To identify asymptomatic, a cost-effective approach that would be readily accessible to every spot is requested.
The effect of coagulation traits on the risk of retinal vein occlusion: a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yuan Chaoyi , He Chao , Zuo Ling , Liu Baoxing , Qi Hui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the leading cause of vision loss due to an obstruction in the retinal venous system. While RVO is often linked to thrombotic tendencies and coagulation abnormalities, the exact role of coagulation traits in its development is not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the potential causal relationship between coagulation traits and the risk of RVO by analyzing publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics.
Materials and methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis framework was employed to investigate the causal relationship between coagulation traits and the risk of RVO. Stringent quality control measures were applied to select appropriate instrumental variables strongly linked to exposure, such as coagulation factor III (FIII), coagulation factor V (FV), coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), coagulation factor XI (FXI), coagulation factor VII (FVII) and coagulation factor X (FX), as well as plasmin, platelet count, platelet crit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW). The study utilized the FinnGen project RVO GWAS summary statistics cohort, consisting of 372 RVO cases and 182,573 controls. The analysis focused on 11 coagulation traits.
Results The research suggests that genetically predicted plasma levels of FIII, FVII, MPV, and PCT may be potentially causative for reducing the risk of RVO, and that levels of FVIII may be potentially causative for increasing the risk of RVO.
Conclusion Our MR analysis, utilizing GWAS data from a comprehensive population-based study, revealed a causal association between plasma levels of FFIII, FVII, FVIII, MPV, and PCT with the risk of RVO.
The association of biological sex and long-term outcomes in older patients with physical restraint at the emergency department
Authors: Manfredini Laetitia , Pépin Marion , Ayar Pradeebane Vaittinada , Gay Matthieu , Certin Marie , Ayar Prabakar Vaittinada 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Backgrounds: The worldwide population is ageing. Biological sex is first and foremost a genetic modifier of disease. To prevent self-arm many techniques can be used in older patients. Among them coercive measure consisting of physical restraint (PR) is one of the techniques. This study aims to assess the effects of the biological sex on the long-term survival after PR in geriatric patients during the initial emergency department (ED) visit. Methods: This retrospective study included patients between November 2019 to March 2021. All consecutive hospitalized patients after emergency department visit older than 75 years with PR were included. The population was compared according to the biological sex. One-year all-cause mortality was plotted with the Kaplan-Meier curve. Hazard ratios (HRs) for 1-year mortality were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Mortality was monitored over a 3-year period. Results: PR was used in 149 patients representing 4.6% of 3210 hospitalized patients older than 75 years after ED visit. Women represented 52% of the study population. Compared to men, women were older [median (IQR) age 89 (85–93) vs. 85 (81–90) years, P = 0.002]. Women more often presented dementia (93 vs. 80%, P = 0.031). Both sexes presented the same limited autonomy. All-cause mortality was significantly lower for women than men after one year (25 vs. 51%, respectively, P = < 0.001). Likewise, adjusted HR of 1-year all-cause mortality was higher in men [a HR 3.1 (95% confidence interval 1.5–6.3), P < 0.001]. Conclusions: This study suggested that the use of physical restraint in older adults was a more related factor of mortality in men than women. In men PR use seemed to be a sign of global health decline. Further prospective studies are needed to assess if PR are a cause or a consequence of a global health decline.
Community structure and diversity changes for fish in a temperate tidal lagoon, as a response to changes in water temperature and depth
Authors: Odongo Victor , Asmus Harald , Boersma Maarten , Heubel Katja , Sander Lasse , Rubinetti Sara , Sidorenko Vera , Horn Sabine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Coastal marine ecosystems are characterized by high productivity and biodiversity supporting coastal fisheries for centuries. These ecosystems have undergone changes over the last few decades, experiencing shifts in seasonal patterns due to climate change. As a case study for responses of cold temperate coastal ecosystems to climate change, changes in fish diversity in the Sylt-Rømø Bight (SRB), northern Wadden Sea; 54°58’40”N, 8°29’45”E, were analyzed using data from the monthly monitoring from 2007 to 2019. Results showed that the diversity changes correlated to seasonal changes in water temperature. The spatial distribution of fish to intertidal areas for feeding and refuge was correlated to changes in water depth. Rank abundance curves (RACs) showed that a few species dominated the fish community and this changed per season and habitat type. General Additive Models (GAMs) showed higher species richness (S) at 5°C and 15°C, which are seasonal transition phases for winter/spring and summer/autumn, respectively. Evenness (J) and Shannon-Wiener Index (H) decreased with increasing water temperatures in the benthic and pelagic habitats while dominance (D) increased. Generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) showed that S decreased while J increased with water depth in benthic habitats. Similar patterns were observed in the nearshore pelagic habitats contrary to the deep tidal channels. There were no significant effects of water depth on H. The diversity changes reveal the sensitivity of fish to seasonal changes in oceanographic processes and the use of intertidal habitats. Thus, the significance of shallow coastal habitats for fish needs implementation in conservation and management measures.
Deciphering Clinical Predictors in Japanese Encephalitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effective Diagnosis and Prognosis Indicators
Authors: Rabaan Ali A. , Al-Subaie Maha F. , Kaabi Nawal A. Al , Alkathlan Mohammed S. , Tombuloglu Huseyin , Abdullah Rashid Al , Khamis Faryal , Alissa Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a neurotropic flavivirus that causes brain inflammation and is transmitted by bites from infected mosquitoes of the Culex species. The disease can range from mild to severe, with initial symptoms such as fever, headache, vomiting, and fatigue. As the infection progresses, patients may develop more severe neurological symptoms, including seizures, confusion, and paralysis. A systematic review process using established reporting guidelines such as PRISMA was used to analyze 1477 studies, resulting in 880 unique investigations imported into Zotero for further analysis. In this review, 307 research articles were excluded due to lack of relevance. Eventually, this review synthesized findings from 38 investigations that met the criteria for inclusion. The review investigated clinical predictors for Japanese encephalitis diagnosis and prognosis, finding potential risk factors in seizures and muscle rigidity but no significant correlation at the 95% confidence level. Fever and vomiting were significant predictors, but headache was not due to heterogeneity among studies. A large dataset is needed to confirm associations, and not all infected individuals will show all symptoms.
Saturated Fat Restriction for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yamada Satoru , Shirai Tomomi , Inaba Sakiko , Inoue Gaku , Torigoe Minami , Fukuyama Naoto 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The recommendation to limit dietary saturated fat intake is primarily drawn from observational studies rather than randomized controlled trials of cardiovascular disease prevention. Thus, we investigated the efficacy of saturated fat reduction in preventing mortality and cardiovascular diseases. In this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, and Ichu-shi databases were searched up to April 2023. Randomized controlled trials on saturated fat reduction to prevent cardiovascular diseases were selected. Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes were evaluated. Changes in electrocardiography or coronary angiography findings were excluded because they could be evaluated arbitrarily. Two or more reviewers independently extracted and assessed the data. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method. Nine eligible trials with 13,532 participants were identified (two were primary and seven were secondary prevention studies). No significant differences in cardiovascular mortality (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.75–1.19), all-cause mortality (RR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.89–1.14), myocardial infarction (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.71–1.02), and coronary events (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.65–1.11) were observed between the intervention and control groups. However, due to limited reported cases, we were unable to evaluate the impact of stroke. At present, a reduction in saturated fats cannot be recommended to prevent cardiovascular diseases and mortality. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effects of saturated fat reduction under statin administration.
Relationships between Crosslinking Behaviour and Morphological Development in PLA/ENR Blends Using Maleic Anhydride as a Coupling and TPV Agent
Authors: Hadi Muhamad Al-Haqqem Abdul , Rahim Nor Azura Abdul , Hazan Roshasnorlyza , Keat Yeoh Cheow 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Maleic anhydride (MA) can function as both a grafting agent and a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) agent in thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) blends of polylactic acid (PLA) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), depending on the degree of crosslinking. To validate the claim, a set of formulations with MA ranges from 0 to 2.0 phr was added to the PLA/ENR blend at different matrix blend ratios and compounding sequences. To distinguish the types of networks responsible for altering the blend’s phase and melt flow behaviour, various tests including mechanical, rheological, viscoelasicity validation, visual imaging, thermal analysis and spectroscopy testing of X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were conducted. The results revealed that, without the presence of MA, the blends behave as typical thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). Meanwhile, the addition of MA enhances the tensile properties and modifies the blend microstructure, indicating the presence of a coupling effect in the PLA/ENR blend. With further inclusion of more MA inside the blends, the rise in crosslinking degree transforms the blend into a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) compound. Interestingly, in the molten state, the TPV blends exhibit dilatant flow behaviour, which is in contrast with the shear-thinning flow pattern of PLA.
Carbon Dioxide-Enhanced Angiography for Detection of Colonic Diverticular Bleeding and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Kitamura Ryoichi , Maruhashi Takaaki , Woodhams Reiko , Suzuki Koyo , Kurihara Yutaro , Fujii Kaoru , Asari Yasushi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the ability of CO2-enhanced angiography to detect active diverticular bleeding that is not detected by iodinated contrast medium (ICM)-enhanced angiography and its impact on clinical outcomes when used to confirm embolization, particularly the risks of rebleeding and ischemic complications.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively identified a cohort of patients with colonic diverticular bleeding who underwent catheter angiography between August 2008 and May 2023 at our institution. We divided them according to whether they underwent CO2 angiography following a negative ICM angiography study or to confirm hemostasis post-embolization (the CO2 angiography group) or ICM angiography alone in the absence of active bleeding or for confirmation of hemostasis post-embolization (the ICM angiography group). The ability to detect active colonic diverticular bleeding and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.
Results: There were 31 patients in the ICM angiography group and 29 in the CO2 angiography group. The rate of detection of active bleeding by CO2 angiography that was not identified by ICM angiography was 48%. The rebleeding rate was 23% in the ICM angiography group and 6.9% in the CO2 angiography group. Among the patients who underwent TAE, the ischemic complications rate was 7.1% in the ICM angiography group and 4.5% in the CO2 angiography group.
Conclusions: CO2 angiography may detect active diverticular bleeding that is not detectable by ICM angiography and appears to be associated with a lower rebleeding rate.
Level of evidence: IV