bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey on robotic devices for upper limb rehabilitation
Authors: Maciejasz Paweł , Eschweiler Jörg , Gerlach-Hahn Kurt , Jansen-Troy Arne , Leonhardt Steffen 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The existing shortage of therapists and caregivers assisting physically disabled individuals at home is expected to increase and become serious problem in the near future. The patient population needing physical rehabilitation of the upper extremity is also constantly increasing. Robotic devices have the potential to address this problem as noted by the results of recent research studies. However, the availability of these devices in clinical settings is limited, leaving plenty of room for improvement. The purpose of this paper is to document a review of robotic devices for upper limb rehabilitation including those in developing phase in order to provide a comprehensive reference about existing solutions and facilitate the development of new and improved devices. In particular the following issues are discussed: application field, target group, type of assistance, mechanical design, control strategy and clinical evaluation. This paper also includes a comprehensive, tabulated comparison of technical solutions implemented in various systems.
Combined Error Estimates in the Case of Dimension Reduction
Authors: Samrowski Tatiana 
Published: January 2014

Abstract.
We consider the stationary reaction-diffusion problem in a domain
$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^3$ having the size along
one coordinate direction essentially smaller than along the others. By an energy type argumentation, different simplified models of lower dimension can be deduced and solved numerically.
For these models, we derive a guaranteed upper bound of the difference between the exact solution of the original problem and a three-dimensional reconstruction generated by the solution of a dimensionally reduced problem. This estimate of the total error is determined as the sum of discretization and modeling errors, which are both explicit and computable. The corresponding discretization errors are estimated by a posteriori estimates of the functional type. Modeling error majorants are also explicitly evaluated. Hence, a numerical strategy based on the balancing modeling and discretization errors can be derived in order to provide an economical way of getting an approximate solution with an a priori given accuracy. Numerical tests are presented and discussed.
On a p-adic invariant cycles theorem
Authors: Chiarellotto Bruno , Coleman Robert , Di Proietto Valentina , Iovita Adrian 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

For a proper semistable curve X over a DVR of mixed characteristics
and perfect residue field we prove
the “invariant cycles theorem” with trivial coefficients, i.e.
that the group of elements of the first de Rham cohomology group of the generic
fiber of
X annihilated by the monodromy operator coincides with the
first rigid cohomology group of its special fiber.
This is done
using an explicit description of the monodromy operator on the de Rham cohomology of the generic fiber of X
with coefficients a convergent F-isocrystal (see [Représentations p-adiques de groupes p-adiques III: Méthodes globales et géométriques,
Astérisque 331, 179–254]) and the proof exhibits an interesting interplay between this cohomology group and the combinatorics of the graph of the reduction of X.
The result was proved in a different way in the case the DVR has finite residue field in [Duke Math. J. 97 (1999), no. 1, 155–169].
We also study the case where the coefficients are unipotent convergent F-isocrystals on the special fiber of X (without
log-structure): we show that the invariant cycles theorem does not hold in general in this setting and
give a sufficient condition for non-exactness.
Farrell–Jones spheres and
inertia groups of complex projective spaces
Authors: Ramesh Kasilingam 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
We introduce and study a new class of homotopy spheres called Farrell–Jones spheres. Using Farrell–Jones sphere we construct examples of closed negatively curved manifolds

M

2
n

${M^{2n}}$

, where n = 7 or 8, which are homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to complex hyperbolic manifolds, thereby giving a partial answer to a question raised by C. S. Aravinda and F. T. Farrell. We show that every exotic sphere not bounding a spin manifold (Hitchin sphere) is a Farrell–Jones sphere. We also discuss the relationship between inertia groups of

ℂ

ℙ
n

${\mathbb {C}\mathbb {P}^n}$

and Farrell–Jones spheres.
Small covers, infra-solvmanifolds and curvature
Authors: Kuroki Shintarô , Masuda Mikiya , Yu Li 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
It is shown that a small cover (resp. real moment-angle manifold) over a simple polytope
is an infra-solvmanifold if and only if it is diffeomorphic to a real Bott manifold (resp. flat torus).
Moreover, we obtain several equivalent conditions for a small cover to be homeomorphic to
a real Bott manifold. In addition,
we study Riemannian metrics on small
covers and real moment-angle manifolds with certain conditions on the Ricci or sectional curvature.
We will see that these curvature conditions put very strong
restrictions on the topology of the corresponding small covers
and real moment-angle manifolds and the combinatorial structures of
the underlying simple polytopes.
Contrasting evolutionary demography induced by fishing: the role of adaptive phenotypic plasticity
Authors: Hidalgo Manuel , Olsen Esben M. , Ohlberger Jan , Saborido-Rey Fran , Murua Hilario , Piñeiro Carmen , Stenseth Nils C. 
Published: January 2014

Mounting evidence now shows that fishing activity modifies both heritable life‐history traits and ecological processes in harvested populations. However, ecological and evolutionary changes are intimately linked and can occur on the same time scale, and few studies have investigated their combined effect on fish population dynamics. Here, we contrast two population subunits of a harvested fish species in the Northeast Atlantic, the European hake (Merluccius merluccius), in the light of the emerging field of evolutionary demography, which considers the interacting processes between ecology and evolution. The two subunits experienced similar age/size truncation due to size‐selective fishing, but displayed differences in key ecological processes (recruitment success) and phenotypic characteristics (maturation schedule). We investigate how temporal variation in maturation and recruitment success interactively shape the population dynamics of the two subunits.We document that the two subunits of European hake displayed different responses to fishing in maturation schedules, possibly because of the different level of adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Our results also suggest that high phenotypic plasticity can dampen the effects of fisheries‐induced demographic truncation on population dynamics, whereas a population subunit characterized by low phenotypic plasticity may suffer from additive effects of ecological and life‐history responses. Similar fishing pressure may thus trigger contrasting interactions between life history variation and ecological processes within the same population. The presented findings improve our understanding of how fishing impacts eco‐evolutionary dynamics, which is a keystone for a more comprehensive management of harvested species.
ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS KINETIC ANALYSIS OF THE VARIOUS SOURCE PROTEINS
Authors: Vinnov Aleksey , Prasol Dmitro 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The chemical composition marble goby and sunflower meal is presented. The experimental results of enzymatic hydrolysis velocity in dependence of the protein concentration in substrate systems are set. Michaelis constants values for industrial proteolytic enzymes Corolase ® L10 and Corolase ® L7089 are calculated. The application experimental - theoretical kinetic analysis for protease / proteins congeniality determine in complex dispersion substrate systems expediency was confirmed. It is determined that microbial enzyme drag Corolase ® L7089 has a higher congeniality to proteins of all the tested substrates than plant enzyme drag Corolase ® L10
COMPLIANCE WITH LABELING LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA IN THE FIELD OF CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS
Authors: Popovici Cristina , Mija Nina , Birca Adriana , Iatco Iulia 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
this article presents the basic principles of food labeling, especially of confectionery products, such as the consumers’ right to non misleading information and informed choice, and the harmonisation of national laws. The control on respecting the compliance of information written on product label is made by competent authorities for execution of official control of foodstuffs in the Republic of Moldova. The relevant national regulations are given, and references and websites given for access to full texts. The results of critical surveys on the present implementation of confectionery products labeling are summarised, together with the corresponding recommendations for improvement.
UTILIZATION POSSIBILITIES OF PREBIOTICS AND PROBIOTICS IN PREVENTION AND HEALTH CARE OF CALVES
Authors: Zábranský Luboš , Šoch Miloslav , Novák Pavel , Brouček Jan , Šimková Anna , Švejdová Kateřina , Čermák Bohuslav , Jirotková Dana , Pálka Václav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
the aim of our study was to evaluate influence of probiotic agents (Lactovita) and seaweed extracts (Biopolym) with antidiarrheal effects on the prevention of diarrhoea in calves. In the experiment 22 experimental and 22 control calves were observed. The results of the observed incidence of diarrhoea in the control and experimental groups showed a positive effect of probiotic Lactovita and seaweed extracts Biopolymer. 32% of calves in the experimental group and 45% of calves in the control group became sick. Unfortunately, we could not demonstrate the statistical significance of these differences. The weight gains found in the 4th week after birth were by 37.6% higher in the group with Lactovita and Biopolym than in the control group.
A Case Study of Question Answering in Automatic Tourism Service Packaging
Authors: Wang Liu , Liao Lejian , Yang Kai , Tan Hai 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
While Web Question Answering System (WQAS) has made great progress in Internet currently, a major limitation of the information sources that current WQASs are using is limited to static page texts. Content information that many users-are interested in, is provided dynamically to Web through programs. Web services are becoming the dominant forms of such sorts of programs. In this paper, a novel model is proposed to address the problem of natural language answering based Web services. The expansions of OWL-S are used to describe the services, and predicate tuples retrieved from questions are matched to the services by PROLOG reasoning. To plan the services, SHOP2 planner is introduced in our architecture, which adopts a semantic Web for content modeling, logic grammar for question parsing, and Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) for user query problem solving. A case study in e-Tourism domain is investigated, which implements dynamic packaging for tourism products.
An Enterprise IT Service Quality Model (EISQM) Based on Service Interaction and Its Empirical Research
Authors: Zhiliang Liu , Jinlong Zhang 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The respondents’ perspective on service interaction is an important design consideration in service quality evaluations. In Information Technology (IT) field, the enterprise IT service, unlike the traditional service, entails more service interaction, evolving the interactions between the service users and IT department, the interactions between the service users and IT system. The importance of evaluating the enterprise IT service quality has been discussed for several decades. However, there is no universal agreement on the enterprise IT service quality model. This research, taking a cognitive approach, seeks to construct an enterprise IT service quality model based on the service interaction theory. Based on relative literature, we propose a two-dimensional model: human delivered service and system delivered service quality. Following a psychometric procedure, we have collected data and analyzed the construction of the model. The result shows that the enterprise IT service quality measurement instrument has been developed and validated. This model has provided theoretical support for IT service providers to measure users’ satisfaction and improve the service quality.
Short- and long-term effects of neonicotinoid application in rice fields, on the mortality and colony collapse of honeybees (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Matsumoto Takashi 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Declines in honeybee (Apis mellifera ) colonies have elicited great concern worldwide. Recently, many Japanese beekeepers have implied that midsummer use of a new insecticide, neonicotinoid, in rice fields, is causing widespread mortality of neighboring honeybees and frequently resulting in colony collapse. Since few field experiments have directly tested the effects of neonicotinoids, I addressed four research questions in the field. The questions are: 1) Does clothianidin application in rice fields cause the collapse of neighboring honeybee colonies? 2) Is colony collapse related to hive distance from the rice field? 3) Is the number of dead honeybee workers after spraying, related to hive distance from the field? 4) What are the long-term effects of neonicotinoid use on honeybee colony growth, especially brood production? In the late summer of 2010, honeybee hives were placed adjacent to two separate rice fields for 1 week. The hives were placed at the distance of 0, 30, 60, and 90 m. After spraying clothianidin, a daily count of dead worker honeybees was done for a week. Hives were weighed, and capped-brood areas were estimated weekly, for 2 months following insecticide application. Although the average number of dead workers ranged from 40 to over 100 within 24 hours after spraying, only a few dead workers were observed in the subsequent days. Distance from the rice field had no significant effect on the number of dead workers. There were no collapsed colonies during the 2-month, post-spray observation period. Hive weight and capped-brood area did not significantly differ among those hives placed at varying distances from the rice field. These results indicated that clothianidin spraying of the rice field increased the mortality of the honeybees, but did not always cause colony collapse.
FIELD EVALUATION OF IMIDACLOPRID AND THIAMETHOXAM AGAINST SUCKING INSECTS AND THEIR SIDE EFFECTS ON SOIL FAUNA
Authors: El-Naggar Jehan B. , Zidan Nour El-Hoda A. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This work was carried out at Sakha Agriculture Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt during the 2010 and 2011 cotton growing seasons to evaluate the effectiveness of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, used separately as seed treatments and foliar applications at the recommended rate against the sucking insects: thrips, thrips tabaci (lind), jassid, Empoasca spp., whitefly, Bemicia tabaci, and cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover.). The side effects of both insecticides on soil fauna was investigated as well. The experimental results showed the following trends: Seed treatment with imidacloprid and thiamethoxam protected cotton seedlings from thrips for at least 6 weeks from the onset of seed planting. Also, both insecticides induced a fast initial effect (after one week of treatment) on whitefly (immature stages). This fast initial effect then gradually decreased to reach a moderate effect according to the general mean of percent reduction. The two tested insecticides exhibited a moderate initial reduction in the population of whitefly (mature stages) and jassids during the two seasons and then this gradually decreased. Imidacloprid had a better efficiency against this sap sucking pest than thiamethoxam. Treatments with imidacloprid and thiamethoxam as foliar applications were highly effective against aphids, up to 14 days in the case of jassids, while the effect was moderate on the whitefly population (mature and immature stages). Imidacloprid had more initial and residual effect than thiamethoxam against jassids. For all soil arthropod groups implicated in this investigation, the used pesticide and depth, significantly affected their mean numbers. The least number of soil arthropods was sampled from the 10-20 cm layer treated with pesticides compared with the 0-10 cm layer. The control plot at both depths recorded the highest number of soil arthropods sampled. Collembola was most abundant while Psocoptera, Oribatida, Actinedida, and Gamasida were least abundant. Pesticide application increased the overall Collembola density compared to the control plots, while it decreased overall Psocoptera, Oribatida, Actinedida, and Gamasida density compared to the control plots. In case of the foliar treatment, there was a reduction in the mean number of examined micro-arthropods either under plants or between plants, in both depths. The reduction in the number of soil arthropods was significantly more in the 0-10 layer. The reduction was more significant between plants than under plants. The most influenced micro-arthropod was Oribatida. The results also revealed that imidacloprid had more adverse effects on soil fauna than thiamethoxam.
PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES ASSOCIATED WITH WALNUT IN THE SANANDEJ REGION OF WEST IRAN
Authors: Bahmani Jebraeil , Khozeini Farhad , Barooti Shapour , Rezaee Saeed , Ghaderi Reza 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with walnut was carried out in the Sanandej region, of the province of Kurdistan, in western Iran, during the 2011-2012 time period. After taking samples from fifty-four localities and then doing the routine laboratory work for processing, fixing, and mounting of the nematodes, twenty-one species of plant-parasitic nematodes were finally identified. Among the identified species: Cacopaurus pestis, Mesocriconema xenoplax, Pratylenchus vulnus and Meloidogyne incognita are likely to cause damage. Spiral (Helicotylenchus crassatus, H. digonicus, H. pseudorobustus and H. vulgaris), ring (Mesocriconema antipolitanum and M. xenoplax) and root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus neglectus, P. thornei, P. vulnus and P. delattrei) were the most predominant nematodes in the sampled area (frequencies in soil were 87.0, 77.8, and 72.2% and 46.3, 20.4 and 14.8% in root samples, respectively). In the present study, Pratylenchus delattrei, Trophurus lomus, Paratylenchus similis, Geocenamus stegus, Helicotylenchus crassatus, Scutellonema brachyurus and Meloidogyne incognita were reported as new species associated with walnut in Iran.
A proposal for a new pial arteriovenous fistulas grading scale for neuroendovascular procedures and literature review
Authors: Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Alvis-Miranda Hernando Raphael 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Pial arteriovenous fistulas are an unusual type of cerebrovascular lesion. The vascular supply of this type of injury comes from cortical and pial vessels which are not located in the dura leaflets. With the aim to make a grading scale for this type of injury, we conducted a literature search using the keywords "pial arteriovenous fistulas", "embolization" associated with "outcome". Angiographic and imagenological characteristics typically found in pial arteriovenous fistulas were taken and was developed a preliminary classification system that must be validated in future studies. Pial arteriovenous fistulas are associated with a poor natural history and the establishment of an individualized therapeutic strategy can provide a good prognosis. The endovascular management of these lesions is safe and effective.
Bench-scale biosynthesis of isonicotinic acid from 4-cyanopyridine by Pseudomonas putida
Authors: Zhu Xiao-Yan , Gong Jin-Song , Li Heng , Lu Zhen-Ming , Shi Jin-Song , Xu Zheng-Hong 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPseudomonas putida CGMCC3830 harboring nitrilase was used in isonicotinic acid production from 4-cyanopyridine. This nitrilase showed optimum activities towards 4-cyanopyridine at pH 7.5 and 45°C. The half-life of P. putida nitrilase was 93.3 h, 33.9 h, and 9.5 h at 30°C, 38°C, and 45°C, respectively. 4-Cyanopyridine (100 mM) was fully converted into isonicotinic acid within 20 min. The bench-scale production of isonicotinic acid was carried out using 3 mg of resting cells per mL in a 1 L system at 30°C and finally, 123 g L−1 of isonicotinic acid were obtained within 200 min without any by-products. The conversion reaction suffered from the product inhibition effect after the tenth feeding. The volumetric productivity was 36.9 g L−1 h−1. P. putida shows significant potential in nitrile hydrolysis for isonicotinic acid production. This paper is the first report on isonicotinic acid biosynthesis using Pseudomonas putida and it represents the highest isonicotinic acid production reported so far.
Development of inflatable seals for the rotatable plugs of sodium cooled fast breeder reactors: a review – Part II: R&D necessities and development across the world
Authors: Sinha N. K. , Raj B. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Identification of development areas and their implementation for rotatable plug (RP) inflatable seals of Na cooled, 500 Mw (e) Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) and 40 MW (t) Fast Breeder Test Reactor (FBTR) are described, largely based on a late 1990s survey of cover gas seal development (1950s–early 1990s) which defined a set of shortlisted design options and developmental strategy to minimize effort, cost and time. Comparative study of top shield sealing and evolving FBR designs suggest suitability of inflatable seal as primary barrier in RPs. International experience identified choice and qualification of seal elastomer under synergistic degrading environment of reactor as the prime element of development. The low pressure, non-reinforced, unbeaded, PFBR inflatable seal (made of 50/50 blend of Viton® GBL 200S/600S) developed for 10 y life provides a unification scheme for nuclear elastomeric sealing based on 5 peroxide cured fluoroelastomer blend formulations, 1 finite element analysis approach, 1 Teflon-like plasma coating technique and 2 manufacturing processes promising significant gains in standardization, economy and safety. Uniqueness was ab initio development in the absence of established industry or readymade supply. R&D necessities for inflatable seals and their development across the world are given closer look in Part II of the review in continuation of Part I.