bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social support, stress, health, and academic success in Ghanaian adolescents: A path analysis
Authors: Glozah Franklin N. , Pevalin David J. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the role psychosocial factors play in promoting the health and academic success of adolescents. A total of 770 adolescent boys and girls in Senior High Schools were randomly selected to complete a self‐report questionnaire. School reported latest terminal examination grades were used as the measure of academic success. Structural equation modelling indicated a relatively good fit to the posteriori model with four of the hypothesised paths fully supported and two partially supported. Perceived social support was negatively related to stress and predictive of health and wellbeing but not academic success. Stress was predictive of health but not academic success. Finally, health and wellbeing was able to predict academic success. These findings have policy implications regarding efforts aimed at promoting the health and wellbeing as well as the academic success of adolescents in Ghana.
PLANE WAVE STABILITY OF THE SPLIT-STEP FOURIER METHOD FOR THE NONLINEAR SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION
Authors: FAOU ERWAN , GAUCKLER LUDWIG , LUBICH CHRISTIAN 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPlane wave solutions to the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation on a torus have recently been shown to behave orbitally stable. Under generic perturbations of the initial data that are small in a high-order Sobolev norm, plane waves are stable over long times that extend to arbitrary negative powers of the smallness parameter. The present paper studies the question as to whether numerical discretizations by the split-step Fourier method inherit such a generic long-time stability property. This can indeed be shown under a condition of linear stability and a nonresonance condition. They can both be verified in the case of a spatially constant plane wave if the time step-size is restricted by a Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy condition (CFL condition). The proof first uses a Hamiltonian reduction and transformation and then modulated Fourier expansions in time. It provides detailed insight into the structure of the numerical solution.
Tracking the dispersion ofScaphoideus titanusBall (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from wild to cultivated grapevine: use of a novel mark–capture technique
Authors: Lessio F. , Tota F. , Alma A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe dispersion ofScaphoideus titanusBall adults from wild to cultivated grapevines was studied using a novel mark–capture technique. The crowns of wild grapevines located at a distance from vineyards ranging from 5 to 330 m were sprayed with a water solution of either cow milk (marker: casein) or chicken egg whites (marker: albumin) and insects captured in yellow sticky traps placed on the canopy of grapes were analyzed via an indirect ELISA for markers’ identification. Data were subject to exponential regression as a function of distance from wild grapevine, and to spatial interpolation (Inverse Distance Weighted and Kernel interpolation with barriers) using ArcGIS Desktop 10.1 software. The influence of rainfall and time elapsed after marking on markers’ effectiveness, and the different dispersion of males and females were studied with regression analyses. Of a total of 5417 insects analyzed, 43% were positive to egg; whereas 18% of 536 tested resulted marked with milk. No influence of rainfall or time elapsed was observed for egg, whereas milk was affected by time. Males and females showed no difference in dispersal. Marked adults decreased exponentially along with distance from wild grapevine and up to 80% of them were captured within 30 m. However, there was evidence of long-range dispersal up to 330 m. The interpolation maps showed a clear clustering of markedS. titanusclose to the treated wild grapevine, and the pathways to the vineyards did not always seem to go along straight lines but mainly along ecological corridors.S. titanusadults are therefore capable of dispersing from wild to cultivated grapevine, and this may affect pest management strategies.
DNA barcoding of five common stored-product pest species of genusCryptolestes(Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae)
Authors: Wang Y.J. , Li Z.H. , Zhang S.F. , Varadínová Z. , Jiang F. , Kučerová Z. , Stejskal V. , Opit G. , Cao Y. , Li F.J. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractSeveral species of the genusCryptolestesGanglbauer, 1899 (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) are commonly found in stored products. In this study, five species ofCryptolestes, with almost worldwide distribution, were obtained from laboratories in China, Czech Republic and the USA:Cryptolestes ferrugineus(Stephens, 1831),Cryptolestes pusillus(Schönherr, 1817),Cryptolestes turcicus(Grouvelle, 1876),Cryptolestes pusilloides(Steel & Howe, 1952) andCryptolestes capensis(Waltl, 1834). Molecular identification based on a 658 bp fragment from the mitochondrial DNA cytochromecoxidase subunit I (COI) was adopted to overcome some problems of morphological identification ofCryptolestesspecies. The utility of COI sequences as DNA barcodes in discriminating the fiveCryptolestes species was evaluated on adults and larvae by analysing Kimura 2-parameter distances, phylogenetic tree and haplotype networks. The results showed that molecular approaches based on DNA barcodes were able to accurately identify these species. This is the first study using DNA barcoding to identifyCryptolestesspecies and the gathered DNA sequences will complement the biological barcode database.
Risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis in populations of children from nine cities in southern Brazil
Authors: Marchioro A.A. , Colli C.M. , Ferreira É.C. , Viol B.M. , Araújo S.M. , Falavigna-Guilherme A.L. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis study investigated the epidemiological factors that contribute to the seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiandToxocaraspp. in children from Paraná state, Brazil. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies toT. gondiiwere detected using indirect immunofluorescence, and IgG antibodies toToxocarawere detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For each individual, a questionnaire was completed that contained epidemiological and clinical data. The data analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression. Of the 544 children investigated, 3.2% presented co-infection withT. gondiiandToxocaraspp. Of this total, 7.4% were positive for antibodies toT. gondii, and 25% were positive for antibodies toToxocaraspp. The presence of antibodies toToxocaraspp. increased the risk ofT. gondiiinfection (P= 0.029). Children who were 1–8 years of age were less infected byT. gondiithan those who were 9–12 years of age. The variables that influenced positivity for anti-Toxocaraspp. were the origin of the children and contact with sand. Children with positive serology forToxocaraspp. presented more eosinophilia compared with those with non-reactive serology. Infection with both parasites reveals the need for preventive measures, such as guidance about modes of infection, parasite control and monitoring recreational areas.
Anomalous diffraction in crystallographic phase evaluation
Authors: Hendrickson Wayne A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractX-ray diffraction patterns from crystals of biological macromolecules contain sufficient information to define atomic structures, but atomic positions are inextricable without having electron-density images. Diffraction measurements provide amplitudes, but the computation of electron density also requires phases for the diffracted waves. The resonance phenomenon known as anomalous scattering offers a powerful solution to this phase problem. Exploiting scattering resonances from diverse elements, the methods of MAD (multiwavelength anomalous diffraction) and SAD (single-wavelength anomalous diffraction) now predominate forde novodeterminations of atomic-level biological structures. This review describes the physical underpinnings of anomalous diffraction methods, the evolution of these methods to their current maturity, the elements, procedures and instrumentation used for effective implementation, and the realm of applications.
The Queen's Cell:Fortune and Men's Eyesand the New Prison Drama
Authors: Thomas Aaron C. 
Published: April 2014

The December 1970 issue of the Canadian newsmagazineMaclean'sfeatures an article by movie critic John Hofsess designed to promote the new filmFortune and Men's Eyesand to alert readers to that drama's importance to Canada as a nation. The piece is subtitled “A Report from the Set in a Quebec City Prison” and announces John Herbert's playFortune and Men's Eyesas “the most famous Canadian drama of the last decade—it's been translated into eight languages and performed in 14 countries.” Hofsess's first paragraph, however, does not containFortune's list of accolades; instead, the author begins his piece with the following extraordinary narrative:Two years ago the CBS television programSixty Minutesreported “a routine incident” in a Philadelphia jail. A white youth, arrested for possession of marijuana and jailed overnight, was gang-raped the next morning by six black convicts in the back of a paddy wagon en route to a courthouse. Police found the boy bleeding and in shock. Such incidents [are] commonly and mistakenly referred to as “the problem of homosexuality in our prisons” [. . .] Yet, statistics indicate that more than 80% of sexual assaults in American prisons are committed by blacks against whites and are motivated by a different lust, a hateful rage that knows no containment.
Lesen- und Schreibenlernen in mehrsprachigen Lerngruppen
Authors: Siems Maren , Weis Ingrid 
Published: April 2014

Lesen und Schreiben zu lernen ist ein sehr komplexer Vorgang, da dabei viele verschiedene Bereiche ineinandergreifen. Lesen und Schreiben lernen Kinder nur dann, wenn sie spezielle Wahrnehmungsfähigkeiten entwickelt haben und dadurch sensorische Integrationsleistungen vollziehen können. Auch psychische Komponenten wie Motivation und Selbstkonzept sowie Gedächtnisleistungen, Aufmerksamkeit, Konzentration und Kognition spielen eine Rolle. Gelingender Schriftspracherwerb ist ohne sprachliche Vorkenntnisse, die Kinder bis zum Schuleintritt implizit erwerben, nicht möglich. Dieses Bündel an hochkomplexen Anforderungen stellt für alle Schülerinnen und Schüler eine große Herausforderung dar. Mehrsprachige Schülerinnen und Schüler haben zusätzliche Hürden zu überwinden. In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst kurz Struktur und Merkmale der deutschen Schriftsprache und die für den Schriftspracherwerb notwendigen speziellen Wahrnehmungsfähigkeiten und Integrationsleistungen erläutert. Die zusätzlichen Anforderungen, die sich für Schülerinnen und Schüler ergeben, deren Erstsprache 1 Mit Erstsprache ist hier die Sprache gemeint, die ein Kind als erstes lernt. Kinder können auch mehrere Erstsprachen haben, wenn diese von klein auf an gleichzeitig gelernt werden. nicht Deutsch ist, werden besonders hervorgehoben. 2 In diesem Beitrag kann nicht auf alle Anforderungen, die sich für den Schriftspracherwerb – besonders von mehrsprachigen Schülerinnen und Schülern – ergeben, eingegangen werden. Wichtige Bereiche werden exemplarisch dargestellt. Abschließend werden Eckpunkte eines sprachsensiblen Anfangsunterrichts für mehrsprachige Lerngruppen und methodische Konsequenzen skizziert.
Protein accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum as a non-equilibrium phase transition
Authors: Budrikis Zoe , Costantini Giulio , La Porta Caterina A. M. , Zapperi Stefano 
Published: April 2014

AbstractSeveral neurological disorders are associated with the aggregation of aberrant proteins, often localized in intracellular organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we study protein aggregation kinetics by mean-field reactions and three dimensional Monte carlo simulations of diffusion-limited aggregation of linear polymers in a confined space, representing the endoplasmic reticulum. By tuning the rates of protein production and degradation, we show that the system undergoes a non-equilibrium phase transition from a physiological phase with little or no polymer accumulation to a pathological phase characterized by persistent polymerization. A combination of external factors accumulating during the lifetime of a patient can thus slightly modify the phase transition control parameters, tipping the balance from a long symptomless lag phase to an accelerated pathological development. The model can be successfully used to interpret experimental data on amyloid-β clearance from the central nervous system.
Structural Dynamics of GaN Microcrystals in Evolutionary Selection Selective Area Growth probed by X-ray Microdiffraction
Authors: Kachkanov V. , Leung B. , Song J. , Zhang Y. , Tsai M.-C. , Yuan G. , Han J. , O'Donnell K. P. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA method to grow high quality, single crystalline semiconductor material irrespective of the substrate would allow a cost-effective improvement to functionality and performance of optoelectronic devices. Recently, a novel type of substrate-insensitive growth process called Evolutionary Selection Selective Area Growth (ES-SAG) has been proposed. Here we report the use of X-ray microdiffraction to study the structural properties of GaN microcrystals grown by ES-SAG. Utilizing high resolution in both direct and reciprocal spaces, we have unraveled structural dynamics of GaN microcrystals in growth structures of different dimensions. It has been found that the geometric proportions of the growth constrictions play an important role: 2.6 μm and 4.5 μm wide growth tunnels favor the evolutionary selection mechanism, contrary to the case of 8.6 μm growth tunnels. It was also found that GaN microcrystal ensembles are dominated by slight tensile strain irrespective of growth tunnel shape.
Implementing the optimal provision of ecosystem services
Authors: Polasky Stephen , Lewis David J. , Plantinga Andrew J. , Nelson Erik 
Published: April 2014

Significance
Many ecosystem services are public goods available to everyone without charge, but the provision of these services often depends on the actions of private landowners who may bear cost to provide services. How to design incentives when the provision of services depends on the landscape pattern of conservation and where landowners have private information about costs presents a difficult challenge. Here we apply results from auction theory to design a payments scheme that achieves optimal provision of ecosystem services with spatially dependent benefits and asymmetric information. The auction mechanism works equally well whether property rights reside with the landowners so that the regulator pays landowners to conserve, or with the regulator so that landowners pay the regulator to develop.
Rgb: a scriptable genome browser for R
Authors: Mareschal Sylvain , Dubois Sydney , Lecroq Thierry , Jardin Fabrice 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Summary: Thanks to its free licensing and the development of initiatives like Bioconductor, R has become an essential part of the bioinformatics toolbox in the past years and is more and more confronted with genomically located data. While separate solutions are available to manipulate and visualize such data, no R package currently offers the efficiency required for computationally intensive tasks such as interactive genome browsing. The package proposed here fulfills this specific need, providing a multilevel interface suitable for most needs, from a completely interfaced genome browser to low-level classes and methods. Its time and memory efficiency have been challenged in a human dataset, where it outperformed existing solutions by several orders of magnitude.
Availability and implementation: R sources and packages are freely available at the CRAN repository and dedicated Web site: http://bioinformatics.ovsa.fr/Rgb . Distributed under the GPL 3 license, compatible with most operating systems (Windows, Linux, Mac OS) and architectures.
Contact: maressyl@gmail.com or fabrice.jardin@chb.unicancer.fr
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A fast and powerful tree-based association test for detecting complex joint effects in case–control studies
Authors: Zhang Han , Wheeler William , Wang Zhaoming , Taylor Philip R. , Yu Kai 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Motivation:  Multivariate tests derived from the logistic regression model are widely used to assess the joint effect of multiple predictors on a disease outcome in case–control studies. These tests become less optimal if the joint effect cannot be approximated adequately by the additive model. The tree-structure model is an attractive alternative, as it is more apt to capture non-additive effects. However, the tree model is used most commonly for prediction and seldom for hypothesis testing, mainly because of the computational burden associated with the resampling-based procedure required for estimating the significance level.
Results:  We designed a fast algorithm for building the tree-structure model and proposed a robust TREe-based Association Test (TREAT) that incorporates an adaptive model selection procedure to identify the optimal tree model representing the joint effect. We applied TREAT as a multilocus association test on &gt;20 000 genes/regions in a study of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and detected a highly significant novel association between the gene CDKN2B and ESCC ( ). We also demonstrated, through simulation studies, the power advantage of TREAT over other commonly used tests.
Availability and implementation:  The package TREAT is freely available for download at http://www.hanzhang.name/softwares/treat , implemented in C++ and R and supported on 64-bit Linux and 64-bit MS Windows.
Contact:   yuka@mail.nih.gov
Supplementary information:   Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
First Report of Xanthomonas fragariae Causing Angular Leaf Spot on Strawberry Plants in México
Authors: Fernández-Pavía S. P. , Rodríguez-Alvarado G. , Garay-Serrano E. , Cárdenas-Navarro R. 
Published: April 2014

The state of Michoacán is the most important strawberry producer in México. During January 2007, field-grown strawberry plants cv. Aromas showing vein necrosis were observed in 3 ha in Zamora County, in fruit production fields. The average disease incidence in the field was 80%. Infected plants presented water-soaked lesions limited by veins on the lower leaf surfaces, which enlarged to form angular spots (1). Additionally, most affected plants presented severe necrosis in the main veins and reddish to necrotic lesions on the upper leaf surfaces. Gram-negative bacteria were consistently isolated from leaves with water-soaked lesions. Isolated bacteria produced mucoid, yellow colonies on YDC, grew on tween and nutrient agar (NA), but not on SX media. Strains produced non-fluorescent colonies on King's B media, were positive starch hydrolysis, negative esculin hydrolysis; and produced acid from fructose but not from arabinose, galactose, celobiose, and trehalose. Growth was inhibited by 2% NaCl (3). Indirect ELISA analysis (NEOGEN, Lansing, MI) was conducted using antibodies specific for Xanthomonas fragariae. Conventional PCR assay using the primer pairs 241A/241B was performed (2). The ELISA test was positive. The expected 300- and 550-bp bands were observed in the PCR analysis. The bacteria was identified as X. fragariae Kennedy and King. Pathogenicity tests were conducted twice in a greenhouse (24 ± 4°C) on a total of five strawberry cv. Aromas plants. The main vein of each of three leaves per plant were punctured using sterile needles. Pathogen inoculum was obtained from 6- to 8-day-old NA cultures. Bacteria were applied onto the wounds with a sterile cotton swab dipped into the bacterial suspension (105 CFU/ml). Inoculated plants were covered with plastic bags for 48 h. Symptoms resembling those seen in the field developed on all inoculated plants after 9 days. X. fragariae was re-isolated from the necrotic lesions and identified by PCR. Control plants were similarly inoculated with water but did not develop symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of X. fragariae causing angular leaf spot in strawberry in Michoacán, México. References: (1) J. L. Maas, ed. Compendium of Strawberry Diseases. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1998. (2) M. R. Pooler et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:3121, 1996. (3) N. W. Schaad et al. Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. 3rd ed. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 2001.
Experimental study on micro-drills wear during high speed of drilling IC substrate
Authors: Wang Linfang , Zheng Lijuan , yong Wang Cheng , Li Shan , Song Yuexian , Zhang Lunqiang , Sun Peng 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– Compared with the traditional printed circuit board (PCB) drilling process, the technology of drilling IC substrate is facing more problems, such as much smaller hole diameter, more intensive hole space, thinner sheet and more complicated materials are drilled in process. Moreover, the base material of IC substrate is different from traditional PCB, more kinds of fillers added in IC substrate which make the drill worn seriously during drilling process. Micro-drills wear and micro holes quality are the most important questions when drilling IC substrate so far. Wear morphology of micro-drill, holes wall roughness and hole location accuracy are researched in this paper. The influence factors of micro-drills wear and micro holes quality are also studied in this drilling process. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Two drills with same structure and different diameter are used to drill different stacks of IC substrate and drill different holes in this paper. There are four experiments made and the drilling parameters including spindle speed (n), feed rate (vf) and retraction speed (vr) are recommended by drill manufacturing company. Wear morphologies of drill are observed, holes wall roughness (Rmax) and holes location accuracy (Cpk) are measured in this paper. Analyzing the main factors influence on drill wear, holes wall roughness and holes location accuracy through these experiments.

Findings
– The micro-drills of IC substrate wear more severely compared with other material of PCB through the experimental results in this paper. Drill diameter has influence on micro-drill wear when drilling IC substrate, the smaller of drill is, the more severely of micro-drill wears. Drill diameter affect the holes wall roughness too, the holes wall roughness of larger holes is better than smaller one in a certain range. The drilled holes number also has influence on micro-drills wear, holes wall roughness and holes location accuracy. The more drilled holes, the seriously of micro-drills wear, and the worn drill would destroy the hole quality. Therefore, the more drilled holes lead the bad holes wall roughness and holes location accuracy in this paper. In addition, stacks of IC substrate affect much on the holes location accuracy, the more stacks, the worse holes location accuracy.

Originality/value
– Chinese Mainland is obviously lagging behind in technology and manufacturer of IC substrate which is incompatible with the nation circumstances. There is few research of drilling IC substrate in China and research data are lacking so far. It is most necessary to improve the technology level of drilling IC substrate in China. In order to reduce the wear of micro-drills and improve the quality of micro-holes, many experimental tests about drilling IC substrate are researched in this paper.