bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating point-of-care diabetes detection with lifestyle counselling in community settings: outcomes from Western Sydney, Australia
Authors: Serrano Jaybee , Meyerowitz-Katz Gideon , Dawson Janine , Ratnayake Aruni , Ravi Sumathy , Dick Helen , Bramwell Sian , Scott Mark , Jayaballa Rajini , Maberly Glen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Early detection and prevention of type 2 diabetes and its complications are global health priorities. Optimal outcomes depend on individual awareness and proactive self-management of health risks. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a community-based diabetes detection and intervention program in a high-risk area in western Sydney, Australia.

Research design and methods
We collaborated with the Workers Lifestyle Group, Tamil Association Arts and Culture Association, and the National Aboriginal and Islanders Day Observance Committee to implement our program. Participants underwent HbA1C testing via point-of-care blood spot testing. They received personalized feedback, education on diabetes management, and were offered opportunities to enrol in lifestyle modification programs. Participants identified with pre-diabetes (HbA1C 5.7–6.4%) or diabetes (HbA1C > 6.4%) were advised to consult their General Practitioners (GPs). A follow-up questionnaire was distributed 3–8 months post-intervention to evaluate the programs usefulness and relevance and lifestyle changes implemented by the participants.

Results
Over eight months, 510 individuals participated. Of these, 19% had an HbA1C > 6.4%, and 38% had levels between 5.7 and 6.4%. Among those with diabetes, HbA1C levels ranged as follows: 56% <7%; 20% 7-7.9%; 18% 8-8.9%; and 5% >9%. Post intervention survey indicated that the program was well-received, with 62.5% of responses reporting lifestyle changes and 36.3% seeking further advice from their local healthcare providers.

Conclusion
The study demonstrates a significant prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in the community, similar to findings from larger-scale hospital and general practice studies. Point-of-care testing combined with personalized education effectively motivated participants toward healthier lifestyle choices and medical consultations. The paper discusses the scalability of this approach for broader population.
Vitamin B12 status and the risk of developing sepsis in patients with bacterial infection: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Pregernig Andreas , Held Ulrike , Schläpfer Martin , Beck-Schimmer Beatrice 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Data have shown that vitamin B12 has immunomodulatory effects via different pathways, which could influence the pathophysiology of sepsis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether vitamin B12 levels, assessed by the measurement of holotranscobalamin (HTC), total vitamin B12 (B12), and methylmalonic acid (MMA, which accumulates in case of B12 deficiency), are associated with the development of sepsis in patients with onset of bacterial infection.

Methods
This was a single-center, prospective observational pilot study. Adult patients who presented to the emergency department with bacterial infection confirmed by a positive microbiological culture result were included in the study and followed up for 6 days to assess whether they developed sepsis or not. The primary objective was to compare HTC concentration in patients who developed sepsis to those who did not develop sepsis. Secondary objectives were the evaluation of B12 and MMA concentrations in those two groups. Multiple logistic regression models were used, with presence of sepsis as the outcome variable, and HTC, B12, and MMA concentrations as predictor variables, separately, and adjusted for potential confounders.

Results
From 2019 to 2022, 2131 patients were assessed for eligibility, of whom 100 met the inclusion criteria. One patient was excluded from the analysis due to missing data. Of the 99 patients, 29 developed sepsis. There was no evidence for an association between HTC or B12 concentration and the development of sepsis (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.31–1.29, p = 0.232, OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.44–1.54, p = 0.584, respectively). There was an association between MMA concentration and the development of sepsis, with a positive effect, i.e. with increasing MMA, the odds for sepsis increased (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.21–4.87, p = 0.014). This association remained significant when adjusted for confounders (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.23–6.60, p = 0.018).

Conclusions
Our study found an association between elevated MMA concentration and the development of sepsis. We did not find an association between HTC and B12 concentrations and the development of sepsis. Further, larger studies are warranted, as it could lead to interventional trials investigating whether B12 supplementation provides a clinical benefit to patients with infection or sepsis.

Trial registration
The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT04008446 on June 17, 2019.
A standard set of outcome measures for the comprehensive assessment of oral health and occlusion in individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Blokland L. , Arponen H. , Ahmad A. , Colijn S. , Gjørup H. , John R. , Li M. , Mekking D. , Parekh S. , Retrouvey J. M. , Stutz Steiger T. , Zhou L. , Andersson K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of inherited connective tissue disorders of varying severity characterized by bone fragility. The primary objective of this international multidisciplinary collaboration initiative was to reach a consensus for a standardized set of clinician and patient-reported outcome measures, as well as associated measuring instruments for dental care of individuals with OI, based on the aspects considered important by both experts and patients. This project is a subsequent to the Key4OI project initiated by the Care4BrittleBones foundation which aims to develop a standard set of outcome measures covering a large domain of factors affecting quality of life for people with OI. An international team of experts comprising orthodontists, pediatric dentists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and prosthetic dentists used a modified Delphi consensus process to select clinician-reported outcome measures (CROMs) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to evaluate oral health in individuals with OI. Important domains were identified through a literature review and by professional expertise (both CROMs and PROMs). In three focus groups of individuals with OI, important and relevant issues regarding dental health were identified. The input from the focus groups was used as the basis for the final set of outcome measures: the selected issues were attributed to relevant CROMs and, when appropriate, matched with validated questionnaires to establish the final PROMs which represented best the specific oral health-related concerns of individuals with OI.

Results
Consensus was reached on selected CROMs and PROMs for a standard set of outcome measures and measuring instruments of oral health in individuals with OI.

Conclusions
Our project resulted in consensus statements for standardization oral health PROMs and CROMs in individuals with OI. This outcome set can improve the standard of care by incorporating recommendations of professionals involved in dental care of individuals with OI. Further, it can facilitate research and international research co-operation. In addition, the significant contribution of the focus groups highlights the relevance of dental and oral health-related problems of individuals with OI.
Children and adolescents at risk for seclusion and restraint in inpatient psychiatric treatment: a case control study
Authors: Czernin Klara , Bründlmayer Anselm , Oster Anna , Baumgartner Josef S. , Plener Paul L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo reduce coercion in acute inpatient child and adolescent psychiatric units, a better understanding of individuals at risk for seclusion and/or restraint (S/R) is needed. We report data on the proportion of patients secluded/restrained and factors associated with higher risk of S/R. Identifying preventative mechanisms through risk stratification upon inpatient admission can aid the training of mental health professionals, and support shaping specific workflows for at-risk populations for example by joint crisis plans or post-coercion review sessions. Methods: A case-control study included all admissions (n = 782) to a department of child and adolescent psychiatry within 36 months between 2019 and 2022. Data on age, sex, out of home care, primary and comorbid ICD-10 diagnoses, length of stay, prior/multiple admissions were compared between admissions with and without S/R using chi square tests for categorical and t-tests for continuous variables. Uni- and multivariate binary logistic regression models were computed. Results: The overall proportion of S/R was 12.8% (n = 100). Females (p = 0.001), patients in out of home care (p < 0.001), with prior admission (p < 0.001), Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; p < 0.001) and Borderline personality disorder (BPD; p < 0.001) were at a significantly higher risk of S/R. Length of stay in days (OR 1.01), out of home care (OR 3.85), PTSD (OR 6.20), BPD (OR 15.17), Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)/conduct disorder (OR 4.29), and manic episode/bipolar disorder (OR 36.41) were significantly associated with S/R in multivariate regression. Conclusions: Child and adolescent psychiatric staff should consider risk factors when using coercive measures. Patients with PTSD and/or BPD are the most vulnerable subgroups. Training of professionals and clinical practice need to be adapted in order to prevent the use of S/R and its potential hazards.
The independent association between 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile with APOE genotyping in obese cases with and without T2DM
Authors: Usama Nagla , El-Sayed Amr , Gamal Mohamed , Mekheimer Salma , Elhadidy Khaled , Awadein Mohamed , Farid Mahmoud 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Vitamin D deficiency, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and APOE genotyping are implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We wanted to find out if there was a link between a lack of 25(OH) vitamin D, HOMA-IR, and lipids and APOE genotyping in obese people with and without T2DM.

Methods
We divided 300 Egyptians of both sexes into three groups in a case-control study: 100 obese cases with a body mass index of more than 30, 100 obese cases diagnosed with T2DM, and 100 controls with a body mass index of less than 30. Levels of 25 (OH) vitamin D, fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1C, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile parameters were measured, and APOE genotypes were assessed using Applied BiosystemsTM TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assays.

Results
Higher levels of FBS, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and dyslipidemia were found in obese people with and without T2DM compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Lower levels of 25(OH) vitamin D were also found. Insulin resistance and lipid profile parameters, particularly in obese cases with T2DM, inversely correlate with vitamin D deficiency. The APOE genotyping analysis revealed strong links between vitamin D levels and certain APOE genotypes. Independent of metabolic parameters, higher vitamin D levels were associated with lower odds of E3/E4 and E4/E4 genotypes among obese cases with T2DM.

Conclusion
This study highlights the independent role of vitamin D deficiency in modulating APOE genotypes in obese T2DM individuals. The findings suggest potential implications for personalized interventions targeting vitamin D status to mitigate genetic predispositions to metabolic disorders such as obesity and T2DM.
Dysregulation of plasma circulating microRNAs in all-cause and cause-specific cancers: the Rotterdam Study
Authors: Shuai Yu , Zhang Xiaofang , Lavrijssen Birgit D. A. , Ikram M. Arfan , Ruiter Rikje , Stricker Bruno , Ghanbari Mohsen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Mounting evidence underscores the dysregulation of miRNAs to be associated with cancer development and progression by acting as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. However, their potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis of different cancers remains incompletely unraveled. We explored the relationship between plasma circulatory miRNAs and cancer risk within the population-based Rotterdam Study cohort. Plasma samples were collected at baseline (between 2002 and 2005) and miRNA levels were measured in 1,999 participants, including 169 prevalent cancer cases. The occurrence of cancer was assessed by continuous monitoring of medical records in 1,830 cancer-free participants until January 1, 2015. We assessed the association between incidence of five common cancers (blood, lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal) and 591 miRNAs well-expressed in plasma, using adjusted Cox proportional-hazards regression models. Our longitudinal analysis identified 13 miRNAs significantly associated with incident hematologic tumors surpassing the Bonferroni-corrected P < 8.46 × 10− 5, 12 of them (miR-6124, miR-6778-5p, miR-5196, miR-654-5p, miR-4478, miR-4430, miR-4534, miR-1915-3p, miR-4644, miR-4292, miR-7111-5p, and miR-6870-5p) were also associated with prevalent hematologic tumors in the cross-sectional analysis at the baseline. In-silico analyses of the putative target genes of 13 identified miRNAs highlighted relevant genes and pathways linked to hematologic tumors. While no significant miRNA association was found for other four studied cancers, two miRNAs (miR-3157-5p and miR-3912-5p) showed nominal association with incident of three different cancer types. Overall, this study indicates that plasma levels of several miRNAs are dysregulated in hematologic tumors, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis as well as being involved in the pathogenesis of blood cancers.
Enhancing Ni–Ti shape memory alloy diffusion bonding with Ti/Ni reactive multilayer foils
Authors: Mokhles Mohammad , Zebarjad Seyed Mojtaba , Danesh-Manesh Habib , Dandekar Tushar R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the utilization of Ti/Ni reactive multilayer foils as an energy source for facilitating the joining of Ni–Ti shape memory alloys through diffusion bonding. Multilayered samples were prepared using a 10-cycle accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process to be used for the bonding process. Diffusion bonding employing reactive multilayers was conducted over a temperature range of 600 °C to 900 °C, at 5 MPa pressure, with a 1-h hold time. Additionally, a comparison was made with a diffusion-bonded Nitinol sample at 900 °C without a reactive multilayer. Materials characterization and testing involved scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), shear strength testing, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which were conducted on the bonded samples. The findings underscored the advantages of using reactive multilayers for diffusion bonding. These benefits included the formation of TiNi and the induction of a shape memory effect in the joint region, alongside a 1.5 times shear strength compared to identical diffusion bonding conditions without reactive multilayers. Moreover, employing reactive multilayers in the diffusion bonding of Nitinol holds promise for significantly reducing the energy needed to achieve robust and seamless bonded boundaries in the joining area.
Patient’s Perception of the Role of Gym Activity in Abdominal Wall Herniation in Adults: A Prospective Study
Authors: Boruah Prabir , Daoud Rabbani Mahmoud ElSayed Hassan , Walsh Dylan Viani , Kharytaniuk Natallia , Fredericks Salim , Ryan James , Abdelatif Asila , Birido Nuha , Walsh Thomas Noel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite significant changes in healthcare, work practices, and leisure activity, the proposed precipitating factors for abdominal wall hernias have remained largely unchanged for almost two centuries. We aimed to investigate if there have been shifts in these factors over time by examining patients’ perception of precipitating factors for abdominal wall hernia development. This study was conducted in the Royal College of Surgeons In Ireland Department of Surgery, Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin, where patients with abdominal wall hernias completed a questionnaire .

Results
A total of 277 patients (mean age 55.7; 85.6% male) with abdominal wall hernia completed the questionnaire (66.1% inguinal; 10.8% umbilical; 6.9% paraumbilical; 10.5% epigastric; 3.2% incisional; 1.4% femoral, and 1.1% port-site). One hundred and twenty patients (43.3%) believed their hernia was due to lifting, 71 (25.6%) cited gym activity and 17 (6.1%) cited other sporting activities as the precipitating factor. Traditional factors – chronic cough and constipation - were cumulatively cited only by 11 patients (4.0%), while prostatic obstruction was not cited by any.

Conclusion
This study suggests that fitness pursuits may be an increasing contributor to the development of abdominal wall hernia. Greater attention should be paid to the proper use of gym equipment to minimise the risk of hernia development.
Deficiency of Peptidylglycine-alpha-amidating Monooxygenase, a Cause of Sarcopenic Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Giontella Alice , Åkerlund Mikael , Bronton Kevin , Fava Cristiano , Lotta Luca A , Baras Aris , Overton John D , Jones Marcus , Bergmann Andreas , Kaufmann Paul , Ilina Yulia , Melander Olle 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Peptidylglycine-α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is a critical enzyme in the endocrine system responsible for activation, by amidation, of bioactive peptides.

Objective
To define the clinical phenotype of carriers of genetic mutations associated with impaired PAM-amidating activity (PAM-AMA).

Design
We used genetic and phenotypic data from cohort studies: the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC; 1991-1996; reexamination in 2002-2012), the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP; 2002-2006), and the UK Biobank (UKB; 2012).

Setting
Exome-wide association analysis was used to identify loss-of-function (LoF) variants associated with reduced PAM-AMA and subsequently used for association with the outcomes.

Patients or Other Participants
This study included n∼4500 participants from a subcohort of the MDC (MDC-Cardiovascular cohort), n∼4500 from MPP, and n∼300,000 from UKB.

Main Outcome Measures
Endocrine-metabolic traits suggested by prior literature, muscle mass, muscle function, and sarcopenia.

Results
Two LoF variants in the PAM gene, Ser539Trp (minor allele frequency: 0.7%) and Asp563Gly (5%), independently contributed to a decrease of 2.33 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.52/2.15; P = 2.5E−140] and 0.98 (1.04/0.92; P = 1.12E−225) SD units of PAM-AMA, respectively. The cumulative effect of the LoF was associated with diabetes, reduced insulin secretion, and higher levels of GH and IGF-1. Moreover, carriers had reduced muscle mass and function, followed by a higher risk of sarcopenia. Indeed, the Ser539Trp mutation increased the risk of sarcopenia by 30% (odds ratio 1.31; 95% CI: 1.16/1.47; P = 9.8E−06), independently of age and diabetes.

Conclusion
PAM-AMA genetic deficiency results in a prediabetic sarcopenic phenotype. Early identification of PAM LoF carriers would allow targeted exercise interventions and calls for novel therapies that restore enzymatic activity.
Łódź Neuratha w nauce, teorii moralnej i prawoznawstwie
Authors: Dyrda Adam 
Published: August 2024

In this paper I analyze the meaning of the metaphor of so-called Neurath’s boat. It presents the nondogmatic picture of human knowledge, closely related to the version of epistemological holism manifested in writings of such philosophers as J.S. Mill, P. Duhem, Ch. Wright, C.S. Peirce, W. James, J. Dewey, W.V. Quine, N. Goodman, J. Rawls or M. White. Nowadays the anti-foundationalist and anti- Cartesian understanding of the metaphor is widely shared, although its application is still often abusing Neurath’s original intentions. After considering two particular applications of the metaphor – scientific (Quine) and moral-political (Rawls, White) – I briefly consider possible applications in the field of general jurisprudence.
Code and Data Repository An Enhanced Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers-Based Interior Point Method for Linear and Conic Optimization
Authors: Deng Qi , Feng Qing , Gao Wenzhi , Ge Dongdong , Jiang Bo , Jiang Yuntian , Liu Jingsong , Liu Tianhao , Xue Chenyu , Ye Yinyu , Zhang Chuwen 
Published: August 2024

ADMM-based Interior Point Method for Linear and Conic Programming (ABIP) is a new framework that applies alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to implement interior point method (IPM) for solving large-scale linear programs (LP) and conic programs (QCP). ABIP (LP part) was initially developed by Tianyi Lin (https://github.com/tyDLin) and is currently maintained by LEAVES optimization software platform. The original ABIP follows the following paper: @article{lin_admm-based_2021,	title = {An {ADMM}-based interior-point method for large-scale linear programming},	volume = {36},	number = {2-3},	journal = {Optimization Methods and Software},	author = {Lin, Tianyi and Ma, Shiqian and Ye, Yinyu and Zhang, Shuzhong},	year = {2021},	note = {Publisher: Taylor \& Francis},	pages = {389--424}, }
How Mixed Performance Feedback Shapes Exploration: The Moderating Role of Self-Enhancement
Authors: Lauenstein Franziska , Newark Daniel A. , Baumann Oliver 
Published: August 2024

We conduct an experiment to examine how providing decision makers with high versus low peer performance information influences choices between exploration and exploitation. Previous work on organization-level learning suggests that a high-performing peer would fuel exploration, whereas a low-performing peer would dampen it. In line with this, we find that individuals who receive information about a high-performing peer explore more than those who receive information about a low-performing peer. However, we also find that compared to individuals with a low tendency to self-enhance, individuals with a high tendency to self-enhance are less likely to explore when receiving information about a high-performing peer. In fact, these individuals explore at levels comparable to those who receive information about a low-performing peer. We explain this behavioral pattern by demonstrating that as individuals learn and improve, information about a high-performing peer increasingly results in mixed performance feedback; under these conditions of relative interpretive flexibility, exploration is moderated by decision makers’ tendency to self-enhance. When these individual dynamics are aggregated, our data suggest that an organization that provides peer performance information may experience either the same or less exploration than an organization that does not, with the exact difference depending on its proportion of high self-enhancers. These insights into the contingencies and aggregate effects of how individuals interpret and respond to peer performance information are particularly relevant given recent interest in designing organizations that shape employee behavior through the provision of feedback rather than through traditional instruments of coordination and control, such as incentives or hierarchy. Funding: This work was supported by Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond [Grant 25194]. Additionally, this research was supported by a grant from the HEC Paris Foundation.