bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of heat exposure on pregnant women, fetuses and newborns: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lakhoo Darshnika , Brink Nicholas , Radebe Lebohang , Craig Marlies , Pham Minh , Haghighi Marjan , Wise Amy , Solarin Ijeoma , Luchters Stanley , Maimela Gloria , Chersich Matthew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Climate Change has wide-ranging and severe health impacts, especially for vulnerable groups. We systematically reviewed the literature (n=198 studies) on heat impacts on maternal, fetal, and neonatal health, conducted meta-analyses to quantify impacts, analysed periods of susceptibility, and graded certainty. Studies covered 66 countries and 23 outcomes. Our results showed increased odds of preterm birth of 1.04 (95%CI=1.03, 1.06) per 1°C increase in heat exposure and 1.26 (95%CI=1.08, 1.47) during heatwaves. Similar patterns were shown for stillbirths and congenital anomalies. Gestational diabetes mellitus odds increased by 28% (95%CI=1.05, 1.74) at higher exposures, whileodds of any obstetric complication increased by 25% (95%CI=1.09, 1.42) during heatwaves. Patterns in susceptibility windows vary by condition. The review demonstrated that escalating temperatures pose major threats to maternal and child health globally. Findings could inform research priorities and selection of heat-health indicators. Clearly more intensive action is needed to protect these vulnerable groups.
Enhancing Resilience in Water and Wastewater Distribution Networks: A Tehran Case Study, Iran.
Authors: Mohammadi Payam , Ourang Shiva , Hosseini Sanaz Sadat , Shaafi Farhang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Water and wastewater infrastructures are crucial assets constantly exposed to various disasters, prompting researchers to prioritize strategies for improving their resilience. Given Tehran's significance as Iran's capital and the heightened vulnerability of its water transmission pipelines to seismic events, along with the looming threat of major earthquakes, this study investigates existing research on resilience. The aim is to pinpoint essential strategies for fortifying the resilience of Tehran's water supply infrastructure against earthquakes. Through semi-structured interviews and a survey, we refined criteria and tested research hypotheses based on insights from water and wastewater construction sector experts. The consensus among experts confirms the availability of practical solutions for enhancing the resilience of water supply pipelines against earthquakes. These solutions revolve around enhancements to pipe material, thickness, fittings, and implementation strategies.
ECG-based Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis: An Ensemble Learning Approach
Authors: Gupta Amaz , Sharadat Baru , Huddle Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The classification and identification of arrhythmias using ECG signals are of substantial practical importance in the early prevention and detection of cardiac and cardiovascular disorders. We propose an ensemble learning model to leverage the power of convolutional neural networks and transfer learning techniques to analyze heartbeat data.
We transfer CNN models on 1D heartbeat signals and employ ensemble techniques to aggregate their predictions
Our results underscore the improved accuracy of our approach in classifying ECG data, demonstrating its potential for early cardiovascular disease detection. Our method addresses the limitations of traditional ECG interpretation and offers a robust, automated approach to arrhythmia detection and classification, potentially revolutionizing the field of cardiac diagnostics. This research showcases the significance of transfer learning and ensemble learning techniques in advancing healthcare applications.
Thermal testing of ophthalmic lenses to establish environmental impact: Implications for sustainable waste management practices and training for healthcare professionals
Authors: Pillay Rayishnee , Hansraj Rekha , Singaram Veena S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Clinical relevance: Healthcare professionals have a crucial role as environmental stewards, and comprehensive, accessible information is required to improve sustainable waste management practices in healthcare. Eyecare practitioners need to be cognisant of the environmental impact of their disposal practices.
Background: Polymeric spectacle and contact lenses are typically discarded after a specific period of wear. Upon waste bin disposal, they are deposited in landfill sites where their decomposition rates and consequent environmental impact is currently uncertain. This study aimed to determine the onset of decomposition temperature and the subsequent thermal responses of various spectacle and contact lenses to predict the environment consequences of lens disposal and to guide eyecare practitioners with sustainable waste management practices.
Method: Simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry techniques were conducted on a sample of uncoated, coated, and tinted spectacle and contact lenses.
Results: The lowest extrapolated onset of decomposition temperature of the lens sample was ~249°C. Heat flow results indicated exothermic behaviour during the thermal analysis. Some samples exhibited release of undetermined content, potentially attributable to moisture loss or volatile compounds.
Conclusion: Spectacle and contact lenses can be considered as thermally stable as they are unlikely to encounter temperatures above 249°C upon disposal under natural landfill conditions, and therefore the study lenses are predicted to persist as solid waste. The increasing volumes of landfilled plastics pose an environmental threat due to persistence and associated methane emissions. Therefore, alternate end-of-life measures, such as lens recycling or utilisation in controlled energy recovery facilities should be considered. The findings highlight the necessity of integrating sustainable waste management into health sciences curricula and continuing education programs for healthcare practitioners. Educating healthcare professionals on the environmental impact of disposal practices and sustainable methods is essential for reducing the sector's ecological footprint and fostering environmental responsibility.
Development of a Cancer-associated Fibroblast Signature for
Evaluating Immunotherapy Response and Prognosis of
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xia Hui , Feng Pei , Wang Wei , Gong Zhao , Ran Jun , Lu Peng , Dai Bin 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Alcohol abuse, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hepatitis B and C are the main pathogenic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Though
the current understanding of risk factors for HCC has been improved, patients with this type
of cancer are normally diagnosed at advanced stages, posing significant challenges to effective treatment.

Methods:
This study analyzed the HCC datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)
and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE14520 and GSE116174). Stromal and
immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) was quantified by the ESTIMATE algorithm. To identify gene modules associated with cancer-associated fibroblasts
(CAFs), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to develop gene co-expression networks. A CAF prognosis score (CAFPS) model was established
based on the prognostic CAF genes screened by univariate and multivariate Cox regression
analyses. To determine the role of the genes in the vital module in HCC, we conducted
Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Finally, the relationship between CAFPS and drug sensitivity was analyzed using Genomic
Data for Cancer Drug Sensitivity (GDSC)

Results:
In this study, we found significant differences in immune scores, stromal scores,
CAFs scores, and CD4/8 T-cell scores between normal samples and samples with different
TNM staging. In particular, the proportion of CAFs was higher than all other cells in normal
samples. Gene modules related to CAFs were identified by developing a gene co-expression
network using WGCNA analysis. The lightyellow and greenyellow modules showed the
highest correlation with CAF scores. Univariate COX analysis identified 12 genes related to
HCC prognosis from a total of 191 genes in the two modules. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis revealed that a high expression of these genes was associated with a lower survival chance. Based on the 12 genes obtained by univariate COX analysis, multivariate
COX analysis was performed to construct a risk score model for the characteristics of CAFs
(CAFPS). The KM survival curves of patients in the high CAFPS and low CAFPS groups
showed that patients in the low CAFPS group had better survival.

Conclusion:
CAFs played a crucial role in the pathogenesis and treatment response of
HCC. Targeting the CAFs milieu may provide therapeutic benefits, highlighting the importance of CAFS in developing a personalized treatment for HCC patients. Further studies are
required to verify the current findings and explore their implications in clinical settings.
Bushen Zhuyun Decoction Improves Endometrial Receptivity by Inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaolan , Tong Yun , Zhang Haidong , Zou Yeting , Ding Yinyin , Liu Bei , Zhou Weiye , Shan Jinjun , Ji Jianjian , Su Wenren , Liu Yinyin , ZHou Huifang 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
Bushen Zhuyun Decoction (BSZY), a traditional Chinese herbal prescription
has shown promising effects on gynecological infertility, but the mechanism for endometrial
receptivity is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of BSZY on endometrial
receptivity, which plays a key role in colonization of embryo, and its regulatory mechanisms
associated with NF- κB/NLRP3 pathway.

Methods:
SD rats at reproductive age with affected endometrial receptivity was established using
mifepristone (RU486), and the regulatory effects of BSZY on endometrial receptivity were
evaluated by H&E staining, and changes in sex hormones by ELISA and Western blot. Moreover,
human endometrial RL95-2 cells were treated with H2O2, and inflammatory cytokines in rats
and RL95-2 cells were analyzed by ELISA. The activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway
in RL95-2 cells were characterized using immunofluorescence and Western blot. Mitochondrial
morphology and function in RL95-2 cells were observed by transmission electron microscope
and cell mitochondrial stress test.

Results:
BSZY increased uterine endometrial thickness and attenuate histopathological changes
induced by RU486. BSZY can regulate endometrial estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor,
and the levels of sex hormones and inflammatory cytokines in pregnant rats. BSZY-containing
serum also showed strong anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects in vitro. In addition,
BSZY-containing serum inhibited the activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, and improve
mitochondrial morphology and function in RL95-2 cells.

Conclusion:
BSZY can improve endometrial receptivity, potentially by improving mitochondrial
morphology and function to inhibit the activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in endometrial
cells, thus regulate inflammation to improve endometrial receptivity.
Cutting-edge Advances in Nanocarrier-Facilitated Topical Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Skin Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Yadav Bindu Kumari , Patel Riya , Prajapati Bhupendra , Patel Gayatri 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
Skin cancer is one of the most common and complex types of the disease, resulting in
a high mortality rate worldwide. Skin cancer can be treated with chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy,
etc. In most cases, a patient's condition and the type of skin cancer determine the recommended
treatment options. As a result of poor penetration of the drug into stratum corneum or
lesions, low efficacy, and higher concentrations of active pharmaceutical ingredients required to
achieve a therapeutic effect, the efficacy of skin cancer therapy has been limited. The high dose
requirement, as well as poor bioavailability at the site of action, causes skin inflammation, which
greatly hinders drug absorption. This review mainly focuses on research on nanocarriers for sitespecific
and controlled delivery of therapeutics for skin cancer treatment. The information related
to various nanocarriers systems for skin cancer will be illustrated. This also focused on patents,
clinical trials, and research carried out in the field of liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes,
nanoparticles, microemulsion, nanoemulsions, gels, nanogels, hydrogels, dendrimers, and nanofibers
for treating skin cancer. Nanotechnology-based therapy has shown great promise in controlling
skin cancer and can be used to deliver drugs more effectively.
An Efficient LC-MS/MS Method for Determining N-nitroso Tofacitinib
Toxicity In the Tablet Form
Authors: P Chitra , KB Premakumari , Bhuvanendran Arun 
Published: July 2024

Background and Objective:
Pharmaceutical companies must adhere to rules established
by regulatory agencies in order to monitor pharmaceutical products for nitrosamine contamination.
One type of nitrosamine that can arise during the manufacture of the drug’s formulation and substance
is N-Nitroso Tofacitinib. One pollutant that causes cancer is nitrosamines. Controlling the
amount of nitrosamines in pharmaceuticals and medical supplies is essential. In this study, we devised
a straightforward, sophisticated LC-MS/MS approach to analyse N-Nitroso Tofacitinib present
in Tofacitinib tablets.

Materials and Methods:
Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) experiments
were optimised on Jade C18 (5μ, 150 x 4.6 mm), solvent mixture was operated in gradient
program using 10mM ammonium acetate pH 3.2 and acetonitrile with 1.0 mL flow rate. Mass transition
(m/z) 275.3/149.1, 275.3 /147.0, and 275.3/82.1 are used

Results:
The range of linearity is 0.7 - 20.0 ng/mL, with r2 of 0.9952. The Lowest Detection (LOD)
and quantification (LOQ) were 0.7 ng/mL and 1.0 ng/mL respectively. The recovery repeatability
was found to be within the specified range.

Conclusion::
The new approach proved effective for quantifying N-Nitroso Tofacitinib impurity in
Tofacitinib Tablet samples, indicating that it could be applied for regular analysis.
Kounis Syndrome: Review of Clinical Cases
Authors: Yakushin Sergey , Gurbanova Arzu , Pereverzeva Kristina 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Kounis syndrome is defined as a combination of acute coronary syndrome
and allergic reactions.

Objective:
In this review, we aim to describe the etiological, clinical, and diagnostic characteristics
of Kounis syndrome.

Methods:
A literature search using PubMed was conducted for the past 32 years using keywords,
resulting in the selection of 761 scientific papers. From these, 217 articles describing 235 clinical
cases were selected. Patients under 18 years of age or without a confirmed diagnosis were excluded.

Results:
Among the 235 patients, type I Kounis syndrome was observed in 49.7%, type II in
27.2%, type III in 5.9%, and a combination of types I and II in 1.0%; in 16.2%, it was not possible
to classify the type of Kounis syndrome. The median age was 57 years, and 68.5% of the patients
were male. The most common causes were antibiotics (32.3%) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (24.3%). The clinical features included chest pain (59.1%), hypotension (74.2%), itching
(30.6%), and dyspnea (30.6%). Electrocardiographic monitoring revealed ST-segment elevation
in 42.9% and was normal in only 5.5% of patients. Coronary angiography was performed in
80.4% of the patients, revealing unchanged coronary arteries in 50.3% of cases.

Сonclusion:
Allergic myocardial infarction is a serious complication of drug therapy.
From Adenoma to Carcinoma: the Unexpected Evolution of an Apparently
Stable Adrenal Lesion
Authors: Cristofolini Giacomo , Maida Giulia , Jaafar Simona , Pigni Stella , M. Grossrubatscher Erika , Zampetti Benedetta , Mazziotti Gherardo , Lania Andrea , Dalino Ciaramella Paolo , Chiodini Iacopo 
Published: July 2024

Background:
There is a lack of solid long-term evidence with respect to the management
over time of adrenal incidentalomas that miss clearly benign radiological features. We
present the case of a 75-year-old man with a non-secreting adrenal mass, apparently stable in
size (14 mm) and unchanged in features for 2 years, but subsequently diagnosed as adrenal carcinoma.

Case Report::
The patient was referred to Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda in August
2022 due to the presence of a large lesion in the left adrenal site. In 2017, a 14 mm, 20 HU,
round, regular-edged lesion was detected at a CT scan without contrast medium. Over the next
two years, the patient was re-evaluated every 6 months with follow-up CT scans with no apparent
densitometric or dimensional changes in the known lesion. In September 2022, 3 years after
the last CT scan, the patient was hospitalised for pneumonia. An abdominal CT scan acquired
during the hospitalisation showed an increase of the lesion to 14.5x10x12 cm. The patient subsequently
underwent open nephrosurrenectomy, and histological examination confirmed the
presence of an adrenal carcinoma (proliferation index 5%, Weiss score 7). No adjuvant therapy
was administered, and the last CT scan in December 2022 was negative for the recurrence of the
disease.

Conclusion::
Adrenal carcinoma usually presents as a clearly malignant lesion with rapid
growth and a marked tendency to metastasise. This case highlights how an adrenal adenoma
with indeterminate features is worthy of follow-up over time despite its apparent dimensional
and radiological stability [1].
The Relationship between Electroencephalography Recording Results and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities and Drug Resistance Focal Epilepsy: A Comparative Analysis Study in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Prasetya Taufan , Gamayani Uni , Risan Nelly Amalia 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Drug-resistant Epilepsy (ERO) is a complex problem, both in diagnosis and management, and carries a high risk of death and risk of cognitive and behavioral problems. This study aims to determine the relationship between EEG recording results and structural abnormalities from MRI examination results in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy (DRE).

Methods
Quantitative comparative analysis was conducted to study focal epilepsy recorded in the pediatric neurology outpatient of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, 2018-2023. Data collected from medical records included patient demographics and clinical data, EEG recording results, and MRI examination results. Data were subjected to Chi-square analysis with the alternative Fisher's exact test in SPSS 26. A p-value <0.05 was declared significant.

Results
From 67 samples, 34 DRE subjects and 33 drug-sensitive focal epilepsy (DSFO) subjects were obtained. More significant comorbidities were found in DRFO with a p-value of 0.027 and OR 8.88 (1.03-76.84). There was a significant difference in the results of EEG recordings in the two groups with p <0.001. The different EEG features were significant including slowing, polyspike, and frequency>1/60s. The MRI images were not found to be significantly different. The most common structural lesion found was focal cortical dysplasia in both groups. There was no correlation between MRI and EEG in DRE.

Conclusion
EEG recordings' results were better than MRI images' for predicting DRFO, including images of slowing, polyspike, and frequency >1/60. Both EEG and MRI had their respective values for predicting DRE.
Impact of Weather on Incidence and Mortality of COVID-19: An Application of the ARIMAX Model
Authors: Soodejani Moslem Taheri , Kazemi Maryam , Tabatabaei Seyyed Mohammad , Mahmudimanesh Marzieh 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
SARS-CoV-2 is primarily transmitted by direct contact between infected individuals, but other factors, such as meteorology, can affect mortality rates and the incidence of this disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of meteorological factors on COVID-19 incidence and mortality in a center of Iran. In fact, this study sought to pursue two main goals: first, to find climate and air pollutant risk factors that seem to be related to people's respiratory conditions, and their effect on the number of daily cases and deaths caused by COVID-19, and the second one was to use the time series regression model as the appropriate model for such data instead of one-variable models.

Material and Methods
Data collected over time can be modeled and forecasted using time series methods. It is common for time series models to be based on a single response variable, such as the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. In addition to the number of deaths and confirmed cases of COVID-19 as the response variable, we have also considered meteorological indices as independent variables. ARIMAX time series method was applied in this case.

Results
The ARIMAX model was fitted in five lags (lag time in days). It was found that the average daily temperature in lag 10 and relative humidity in lag 7 were related to the mortality caused by COVID-19. The average visibility also had a significant and inverse relationship with the number of deaths in lag 14 and 7; this relationship was also observed with the number of confirmed cases, so in lag 3, as average visibility decreased, the number of cases increased.

Conclusion
It seems that some factors, such as temperature and severe storms, can affect the severity of the disease and should be considered in such conditions, especially for heart and respiratory patients. Thus, the necessary measures should be taken to reduce the severity of the infection with COVID-19 and the deaths caused by it.
Using an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Map to Evaluate the Effect of Risk Variables
in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Öztürk Hasibe Berfu , Ekici Şule Önsel 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The escalating complexity within supply chains can be ascribed to a
constellation of factors, notably globalization, competitive dynamics, burgeoning interconnectivity among supply chain partners, and the continuous evolution of technology. This phenomenon correlates with a heightened prevalence of uncertainties and the advent of novel risks, collectively exerting adverse effects on a diverse spectrum of enterprises. For this reason, recognizing, evaluating, and controlling these risks is crucial in the formation of a profitable, competitive, and long-term, sustainably managed supply chain. To control these risks, supply chain
risk management has become an important field of study and application.

Objective:
This study's main goal is to create a model that aids in the analysis and prediction of
supply chain hazards.

objective:
The primary objective of this study is to develop a model that helps to analyze and predict supply chain risks.

Methods:
To achieve this aim, the study starts with a comprehensive examination of the literature to discover relevant papers concerning the topic of interest. Variables were identified using
the identified articles and the document coding standards. Using a fuzzy set technique, the
found variables were then converted into linguistic variables and triangle membership functions.

Results:
Using the adjacency matrix that was acquired during the normalization procedure, an
intuitionistic fuzzy cognitive map was produced. Additionally, scenario analysis was done to
determine what steps to take.

Conclusion:
The final model offers a thorough framework for assessing, forecasting, and determining countermeasures for supply chain risks. This work advances the state of SCRM research and practice.