bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyanotic heart disease due to a hypoplastic right ventricle with pulmonary valve atresia, an intact ventricular septum, with atrial level shunting in a day‐old Arabian foal
Authors: Köster Liza S. , McCormick Karen , Hayes Nicholas , Liu Michelle 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn 8‐h‐old Arabian foal was presented for evaluation of progressive weakness since birth. The foal presented laterally recumbent with pale and muddy mucous membranes, a grade III/VI left basilar murmur, and an irregularly, irregular rhythm. Transthoracic echocardiogram along with an electrocardiogram (EKG) was performed. Atrial fibrillation was recorded throughout the examination. The left and right atria were both significantly enlarged. A right to left shunt across the atrial septum was confirmed via an intravenous injection of agitated saline. The tricuspid valve was rudimentary without apparent atrioventricular flow and no ventricular septal defect was appreciated. The animal was euthanased, and necropsy found dysplasia of the tricuspid valve, a hypoplastic right ventricle with pulmonary valve atresia, and an intact ventricular septum. This condition is similar, both haemodynamically and in terms of prognosis, to tricuspid atresia, which has been described previously in Arabian foals, with the exception that there is the complete absence of connection between the atrium and ventricle in the case of tricuspid atresia. Of 14 previously reported cases of tricuspid atresia in neonatal foals, nine were Arabian foals. Further investigation into the possibility of hypoplastic right ventricle as a familial condition in the Arabian breed should be considered.
A plea for urgent action: Addressing the critical shortage of cardiothoracic surgical workforce in the COSECSA region
Authors: Bekele Abebe , Alayande Barnabas Tobi , Gulilat Dereje , White Russell E. , Tefera Girma , Borgstein Eric 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe College of Surgeons of East, Central, and Southern Africa (COSECSA) comprises 14 countries, many of which currently grapple with an increasing burden of cardiothoracic surgical (CTS) diseases. Health and economic implications of unaddressed CTS conditions are profound and require a robust regional response. This study aimed to define the status of CTS specialist training in the region (including the density of specialists, facilities, and active training posts), examine implications, and proffer recommendations.MethodsA desk review of COSECSA secretariat documents and program accreditation records triangulated with information from surgical societies was performed in May 2022 and September 2023 as part of education quality improvement. A modified nominal group process involving contextual experts was used to develop a relevant action framework.ResultsOnly 6 of 14 (43%) of COSECSA countries offered active training programs with annual intake of only 18 trainees. Significant training gaps existed in Burundi, Botswana, Malawi, Rwanda, South Sudan, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Country specialist density ranged from 1 per 400,000 (Namibia) to 1 per 8,000,000 (Ethiopia). Overall, the region had 0.2 CTS specialists per million population as compared with 7.15 surgeons per million in High‐Income Countries. Surgical education experts proposed an action framework to address the training crisis including increasing investments in CTS education, establishing regional centers of excellence, retention incentives and opportunities for women, and leveraging international partnerships.ConclusionProactive investments in infrastructure, human resources, training, and collaborative efforts by national governments, regional intergovernmental organizations, and international partners are critical to expanding regional CTS training.
Long‐term oncological outcomes of follicular thyroid cancer in adolescents and young adults: A nationwide population‐based study
Authors: van de Berg Daniël J. , Mooij Christiaan F. , van Trotsenburg A. S. Paul , van Santen Hanneke M. , Terwisscha van Scheltinga Sheila C. E. J. , Vriens Menno R. , Kruijff Schelto , Nieveen van Dijkum Els J. M. , Engelsman Anton F. , Derikx Joep P. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundFollicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is rare and data on long‐term oncological outcomes are scarce. This study aimed to describe the long‐term recurrence and survival rates of AYAs with FTC, and identify risk factors for recurrence.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study combining two national databases, including all patients aged 15–39 years, diagnosed with FTC in The Netherlands between 2000 and 2016. Age, sex, tumor size, focality, positive margins, angioinvasion, pT‐stage, and pN‐stage were included in a Cox proportional hazard model to identify risk factors for recurrence.ResultsWe included 192 patients. Median age was 31.0 years (IQR 24.7–36.3) and the male to female ratio was 1:4.1. Most patients presented with a minimally invasive FTC (MI‐FTC) (95%). Five patients presented with synchronous metastases (2.6%), including two with locoregional metastases (1%) and three with distant metastases (1.6%). During a median follow‐up of 12.0 years, three patients developed a recurrence (1.6%), of which one patient developed a local recurrence (33%), and two patients a distant recurrence (67%). Five patients died during follow‐up (2.6%). Cause of death was not captured. A Cox proportional hazard model could not be performed due to the low number of recurrences.ConclusionsFTC in AYAs is generally characterized as a low‐risk tumor, as it exhibits a very low recurrence rate, a high overall survival, and it typically presents as MI‐FTC without synchronous metastases. These findings underscore the favorable long‐term oncological prognosis of FTC in AYAs.
Deciphering brain cellular and behavioral mechanisms: Insights from single‐cell and spatial RNA sequencing
Authors: Chen Renrui , Nie Pengxing , Wang Jing , Wang Guang‐Zhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe brain is a complex computing system composed of a multitude of interacting neurons. The computational outputs of this system determine the behavior and perception of every individual. Each brain cell expresses thousands of genes that dictate the cell's function and physiological properties. Therefore, deciphering the molecular expression of each cell is of great significance for understanding its characteristics and role in brain function. Additionally, the positional information of each cell can provide crucial insights into their involvement in local brain circuits. In this review, we briefly overview the principles of single‐cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, the potential issues and challenges in their data processing, and their applications in brain research. We further outline several promising directions in neuroscience that could be integrated with single‐cell RNA sequencing, including neurodevelopment, the identification of novel brain microstructures, cognition and behavior, neuronal cell positioning, molecules and cells related to advanced brain functions, sleep–wake cycles/circadian rhythms, and computational modeling of brain function. We believe that the deep integration of these directions with single‐cell and spatial RNA sequencing can contribute significantly to understanding the roles of individual cells or cell types in these specific functions, thereby making important contributions to addressing critical questions in those fields.This article is categorized under:
RNA Evolution and Genomics > Computational Analyses of RNA
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Pericentromeric satellite RNAs as flexible protein partners in the regulation of nuclear structure
Authors: Lopes Mariana , Louzada Sandra , Gama‐Carvalho Margarida , Chaves Raquel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPericentromeric heterochromatin is mainly composed of satellite DNA sequences. Although being historically associated with transcriptional repression, some pericentromeric satellite DNA sequences are transcribed. The transcription events of pericentromeric satellite sequences occur in highly flexible biological contexts. Hence, the apparent randomness of pericentromeric satellite transcription incites the discussion about the attribution of biological functions. However, pericentromeric satellite RNAs have clear roles in the organization of nuclear structure. Silencing pericentromeric heterochromatin depends on pericentromeric satellite RNAs, that, in a feedback mechanism, contribute to the repression of pericentromeric heterochromatin. Moreover, pericentromeric satellite RNAs can also act as scaffolding molecules in condensate subnuclear structures (e.g., nuclear stress bodies). Since the formation/dissociation of nuclear condensates provides cell adaptability, pericentromeric satellite RNAs can be an epigenetic platform for regulating (sub)nuclear structure. We review current knowledge about pericentromeric satellite RNAs that, irrespective of the meaning of biological function, should be functionally addressed in regular and disease settings.This article is categorized under:
RNA Methods > RNA Analyses in Cells
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
On the Inclusion Relations of Global Ultradifferentiable Classes Defined by Weight Matrices
Authors: Boiti Chiara , Jornet David , Oliaro Alessandro , Schindl Gerhard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe study and characterize the inclusion relations of global classes in the general weight matrix framework in terms of growth relations for the defining weight matrices. We consider the Roumieu and Beurling cases, and as a particular case, we also treat the classical weight function and weight sequence cases. Moreover, we construct a weight sequence which is oscillating around any weight sequence which satisfies some minimal conditions and, in particular, around the critical weight sequence $$(p!)^{1/2}$$

(
p
!
)

1
/
2

, related with the non-triviality of the classes. Finally, we also obtain comparison results both on classes defined by weight functions that can be defined by weight sequences and conversely.
Bilateral trade with loss-averse agents
Authors: Benkert Jean-Michel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We introduce expectations-based loss aversion, which can explain the empirically well-documented endowment and attachment effect, into the classical bilateral-trade setting (Myerson and Satterthwaite in J. Econ. Theory 29:265–281, 1983). We derive optimal mechanisms for different objectives and find that relative to no loss aversion, the platform designer optimally provides agents with partial insurance in the ownership dimension and with full insurance in the money dimension. Notably, the former is achieved either by increasing or decreasing the trade frequency, depending on the distribution of types. Finally, we show that the impossibility of inducing materially efficient trade persists with loss aversion.
Finding large additive and multiplicative Sidon sets in sets of integers
Authors: Jing Yifan , Mudgal Akshat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGiven $$h,g \in {\mathbb {N}}$$

h
,
g
∈
N

, we write a set $$X \subset {\mathbb {Z}}$$

X
⊂
Z

to be a $$B_{h}^{+}[g]$$

B

h

+

[
g
]

set if for any $$n \in {\mathbb {Z}}$$

n
∈
Z

, the number of solutions to the additive equation $$n = x_1 + \dots + x_h$$

n
=

x
1

+
⋯
+

x
h

with $$x_1, \dots , x_h \in X$$

x
1

,
⋯
,

x
h

∈
X

is at most g, where we consider two such solutions to be the same if they differ only in the ordering of the summands. We define a multiplicative $$B_{h}^{\times }[g]$$

B

h

×

[
g
]

set analogously. In this paper, we prove, amongst other results, that there exist absolute constants $$g \in {\mathbb {N}}$$

g
∈
N

and $$\delta >0$$

δ
>
0

such that for any $$h \in {\mathbb {N}}$$

h
∈
N

and for any finite set A of integers, the largest $$B_{h}^{+}[g]$$

B

h

+

[
g
]

set B inside A and the largest $$B_{h}^{\times }[g]$$

B

h

×

[
g
]

set C inside A satisfy $$\begin{aligned} \max \{ |B|, |C| \} \gg _{h} |A|^{(1+ \delta )/h }. \end{aligned}$$

max

{
|
B
|
,
|
C
|
}

≫
h

|
A
|

(
1
+
δ
)
/
h

.

In fact, when $$h=2$$

h
=
2

, we may set $$g = 31$$

g
=
31

, and when h is sufficiently large, we may set $$g = 1$$

g
=
1

and $$\delta \gg (\log \log h)^{1/2 - o(1)}$$

δ
≫

(
log
log
h
)

1
/
2
-
o
(
1
)

. The former makes progress towards a recent conjecture of Klurman–Pohoata and quantitatively strengthens previous work of Shkredov.
Identities of Hecke–Kiselman monoids
Authors: Wiertel Magdalena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt is shown that the Hecke–Kiselman monoid $${\text {HK}}_{\Theta }$$

HK
Θ

associated to a finite oriented graph $$\Theta $$
Θ
satisfies a semigroup identity if and only if $${\text {HK}}_{\Theta }$$

HK
Θ

does not have free noncommutative subsemigroups. It follows that this happens exactly when the semigroup algebra $$K[{\text {HK}}_{\Theta }]$$

K
[

HK
Θ

]

over a field K satisfies a polynomial identity. The latter is equivalent to a condition expressed in terms of the graph $$\Theta $$
Θ
. The proof allows to derive concrete identities satisfied by such monoids $${\text {HK}}_{\Theta }$$

HK
Θ

.
FERMT1 suppression induces anti-tumor effects and reduces stemness in glioma cancer cells
Authors: Pan Zhigang , Ke Chuhan , Zheng Hanlin , Guo Xiumei , Gao Wen , Huang Xinyue , Chen Chunhui , Xiong Yu , Zheng Shuni , Zheng Feng , Hu Weipeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
Glioma is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, its recurrence poses a major challenge in achieving effective treatment outcomes. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as key contributors to tumor relapse and chemotherapy resistance, making them attractive targets for glioma cancer therapy. This study investigated the potential of FERMT1 as a prognostic biomarker and its role in regulating stemness through cell cycle in glioma.

Methods
Using data from TCGA-GBM, GSE4290, GSE50161 and GSE147352 for analysis of FERMT1 expression in glioma tissues. Then, the effects of FERMT1 knockdown on cell cycle, proliferation, sphere formation ability, invasion and migration were investigated. The influences of FERMT1 on expression of glycolysis-related proteins and levels of ATP, glucose, lactate and G6PDH were also explored. Furthermore, the effects of FERMT1 knockdown on cellular metabolism were evidenced.

Results
Significant upregulation of FERMT1 in glioma tissues was observed. Silencing FERMT1 not only affected the cell cycle but also led to a notable reduction in proliferation, invasion and migration. The expression of glycolysis-associated proteins including GLUT1, GLUT3, GLUT4, and SCO2 were reduced by FERMT1 knockdown, resulted in increased ATP and glucose as well as decreased lactic acid and G6PDH levels. FERMT1 knockdown also inhibited cellular metabolism. Moreover, FERMT1 knockdown significantly reduced sphere diameter, along with inhibiting the expression of transcription factors associated with stemness in glioma cells.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrated that FERMT1 could be an ideal target for the advancement of innovative strategies against glioma treatment via modulating cellular process involved in stemness regulation and metabolism.
Data-driven adjoint-based calibration of port-Hamiltonian systems in time domain
Authors: Günther Michael , Jacob Birgit , Totzeck Claudia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present a gradient-based calibration algorithm to identify the system matrices of a linear port-Hamiltonian system from given input–output time data. Aiming for a direct structure-preserving approach, we employ techniques from optimal control with ordinary differential equations and define a constrained optimization problem. The input-to-state stability is discussed which is the key step towards the existence of optimal controls. Further, we derive the first-order optimality system taking into account the port-Hamiltonian structure. Indeed, the proposed method preserves the skew symmetry and positive (semi)-definiteness of the system matrices throughout the optimization iterations. Numerical results with perturbed and unperturbed synthetic data, as well as an example from the PHS benchmark collection [17] demonstrate the feasibility of the approach.
Exploring the integration of dentistry within a multidisciplinary palliative care team: does bedside dental care improve quality of life and symptom burden in inpatient palliative care patients?
Authors: Uhlig Sarah , Doberschütz Florian , Hallmann Franziska , Salm Hanna , Sigle Jörg M. , Pink Daniel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the significant impact of oral problems on the quality of life of palliative care patients, comprehensive studies are lacking. This study is the first of its kind to address this gap by including both a dental examination and an intervention and assessing quality of life using the EORTC QLQ OH 15 questionnaire.

Objectives
The objective of this study is to explore the impact of incorporating dentists into inpatient palliative care, with a focus on enhancing quality of life and alleviating symptom burden.

Methods
In this monocentric study, data were gathered from a palliative care unit over an 8-month period. At the beginning of the multidisciplinary treatment, T0, patients underwent both a dental examination and interviews utilizing established questionnaires, the EORTC QLQ-C30 (core, general) and OH 15 (oral health). A week later, at T1, patients underwent a follow-up examination and interview. The QLQ-C30 and OH15 are widely recognized instruments developed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) for evaluating health related quality of life in cancer patients.

Results
A total of n = 103 patients (48.5% women) were enrolled in the study. The median duration since their last dental visit was 1 year, and the dental condition at T0 was desolate. At T1, statistically and clinically significant changes in oral quality of life and symptom burden were observed. Noteworthy changes were noted in the OH-QoL score (median 63 vs. 92, p < 0.001), sticky saliva (median 33 vs. 0, p < 0.001), sensitivity to food and drink (median 33 vs. 0, p < 0.001), sore mouth (median 33 vs. 0, p > 0.001), and poorly fitting dentures (median 33 vs. 0 p < 0.001). Additionally, improvements were observed in xerostomia candidiasis and mucositis.

Conclusion
The study highlights the powerful contribution of integrating a dentist in inpatient palliative care. With very little dental effort and simple ward and bedside treatments, significant improvements in the oral symptom burden of critically ill palliative patients can be achieved. This contributes to improved care status, relief of distressing symptoms, and ultimately improved quality of life. The results strongly support the consideration of dental support as an integral part of palliative care units.
Arthroscopic and endoscopic techniques for iliopsoas release in THA are safe and effective: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Giai Via Riccardo , Giachino Matteo , Elzeiny Ahmed , Donis Andrea , De Vivo Simone , Bosco Francesco , Massè Alessandro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Hip replacement surgery is highly effective in relieving pain and improving mobility in patients with various hip conditions. However, some patients develop groin pain after surgery, often due to iliopsoas impingement (IPI), which can be challenging to diagnose. Conservative treatments are initially recommended, but when these are not effective, surgical options may be considered. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes, success and failure rates, revision rates, and complications associated with arthroscopic and endoscopic surgery for IPI, thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness and risks of these surgical interventions.

Materials and methods
A systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, including a thorough search of five main databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane. Eligible articles were meticulously evaluated according to predefined criteria for levels of evidence (LoE), with retrospective studies assessed using the Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS). This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO).

Results
Among the 16 included studies, 431 patients with 434 hips underwent either endoscopic or arthroscopic tenotomy. Both techniques showed favorable outcomes, with arthroscopic tenotomy demonstrating slightly higher success rates than endoscopic tenotomy. Common complications included mild pain and occasional infections, with recurrence observed in some cases. Both techniques offer direct visualization of prosthetic components and potential preservation of psoas function.

Conclusions
Arthroscopic and endoscopic iliopsoas tenotomy are effective treatments for alleviating symptoms and improving hip function in patients with IPI post-total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Level of evidence
IV.
Role of PLP-Level as a predictive marker for oral health status in adult hypophosphatasia
Authors: Dudde Florian , Fildebrandt Dominik , Smeets Ralf , Gosau Martin , Amling Michael , Beikler Thomas , Barvencik Florian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) level on the oral health status as a predictive marker in patients with hypophosphatasia (HPP).

Materials and methods
Throughout a systematic retrospective assessment both bone metabolism and oral health status were analyzed. The oral health status was assessed by the decayed/missing/filled teeth index (DMFT), clinical attachment level (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and the periodontal screening index (PSI).

Results
A total of 48 HPP patients (81.3% female) with a mean age of 42.21 years was included in this retrospective study. The study population was divided into two groups using the mean PLP level (87 µg/l) as a cut-off. Patients with a PLP level ≥ 87 µg/l (n = 14) showed a significantly poorer oral health status regarding DMFT index, CAL, PPD and PSI compared to patients with a PLP level < 87 µg/l (n = 34). No significant group differences for tooth loss were found.

Conclusion
The results of the present study indicate that the PLP level is a suitable diagnostic predictor for the oral health status in HPP patients. HPP patients with PLP levels ≥ 70 µg/l should be included into a regular dental preventive program.

Clinical Relevance
The oral health status in HPP and its correlation with laboratory parameters (i.e. PLP) has been understudied. For clinical practice, the findings of the present study clearly demonstrated that high PLP levels correlate with a worse oral health status in HPP patients. Therefore, these patients should receive an intensive dental treatment and/or inclusion in a strict maintenance program in a specialized dental practice/university hospital with a PLP level ≥ 70 µg/l.