bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomimetic Capsid‐Like Nanoshells Self‐Assembled from Homopolypeptides
Authors: Qi Shuo , He Xiaohua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe preparation of capsid‐like nanoshells and the elucidation of their formation pathways are crucial for the application potential of capsid‐like nanomaterials. In this study, we have prepared biomimetic capsid‐like nanoshells (CLNs) through the solution self‐assembly of poly (β‐phenethyl‐L‐aspartate) homopolypeptide (PPLA). The formation of CLNs is governed by an aggregation‐fusion mechanism. Initially, PPLA molecules self‐assemble into small spherical assemblies as subunits and the initial nuclei are formed through fusing some subunits. Subsequently, additional subunits rapidly fuse onto these nuclei, leading to the growth of full or partial CLNs during the growth phase. Moreover, the suitable condition benefiting CLNs formation is clarified by a morphological phase diagram based on the initial PPLA concentration against water content. Molecular‐level measurements suggest that the molecular flexibility of PPLA is a key factor in the arrangement and fusion of subunits for the formation of CLNs. These findings offer new perspectives for a deeper understanding of the formation pathways of capsid‐like nanoshells derived from synthetic polymers.
Proton Conducting Metal‐Organic Frameworks (MOFs) via Post Synthetic Transmetallation and Water Induced Structural Transformations
Authors: Goswami Anindita , Ghorai Arijit , Pal Debasis , Banerjee Susanta , Biradha Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPost Synthetic Modification (PSM) of Metal‐Organic Frameworks (MOFs) is a crucial strategy for developing new MOFs with enhanced functional properties compared to their parent one. PSM can be accomplished through various methods:1) modification of organic linkers; 2) exchange of metal ions or nodes; and 3) inclusion or exchange of solvent/guest molecules. Herein, PSM of bimetallic and monometallic MOFs containing biphenyl dinitro‐tetra‐carboxylates (NCA) are demonstrated. The tetra carboxylate NCA, produces monometallic Cd‐MOF‐1 and Cu‐MOF‐1 and bimetallic CoZn‐MOF in solvothermal reactions with the corresponding metal salts. The CoZn‐MOF undergoes post‐synthetic transmetallation with Cd(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2 in aqueous solution to yield Cd‐MOF‐2 and Cu‐MOF‐2, respectively. Additionally, green crystals of Cu‐MOF‐1 found to undergo a single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) transformation to blue crystals of Cu‐MOF‐3 upon dipped into water at room temperature. These MOFs demonstrate notable proton conductivities ranging from 10−3 to 10−4 S cm−1 under variable temperatures and humidity levels. Among them, Cu‐MOF‐3 achieves the highest proton conductivity of 1.36×10−3 S cm−1 at 90 °C and 98 % relative humidity, attributed to its continuous and extensive hydrogen bonding network, which provides effective proton conduction pathways within the MOF. This work highlights a convenient strategy for designing proton‐conducting MOFs via post‐synthetic modification.
Artificial Intelligence in Inflammatory Skin Disorders
Authors: Rokni Ghasem Rahmatpour , Gholizadeh Nasim , Babaei Mahsa , Das Kinnor , Datta Shainee 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in dermatology is revolutionizing the diagnostic methods and management strategies and hence is uplifting the overall patient care. AI technologies have shown a significant potential in automated diagnosis, severity assessment of chronic cutaneous diseases like psoriasis, and the development of comprehensive dermatological databases is helping in swift disease detection.ObjectiveThis review aims to explore the current landscape and future potential of AI in inflammatory skin diseases. It focuses on various automated diagnostic systems, the role of AI in assessment and staging of chronic inflammatory dermatological conditions, and the importance of dermatological databases. The review also addresses the various challenges associated with AI implementation.MethodsA extensive literature search was conducted from databases namely, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase. Search terms included combinations of “artificial intelligence,” “deep learning,” “dermatology,” “automated diagnosis,” and “dermatological databases” from different field of study. Articles were selected and reviewed based on relevance and quality, highlighting studies demonstrating AI's impact on diagnosis and management.ResultsAI‐powered diagnostic systems have ominously advanced, offering noninvasive and accessible diagnostic tool(s) that use extensive datasets to improve accuracy and efficacy across different populations. The development of dermatological databases is fundamental for training of different AI models. Despite these advances, challenges related to data privacy, regulatory oversight, and inclusivity in AI models persist. Addressing these challenges is essential for augmenting and optimizing AI's potential in dermatology.ConclusionAI is set to transmute dermatology by augmenting diagnostic precision, customizing treatment plans, and making dermatological care more reachable, particularly in underprivileged areas. This review highlights the various advances made in AI for the diagnosis and management of inflammatory skin disorders, acknowledging the ethical and technical hurdles that need to be addressed.
Parental Exposure to Morphine Before Conception Decreases Morphine and Cocaine‐Induced Locomotor Sensitization in Male Offspring
Authors: Heidari Amirhossein , Hajikarim‐Hamedani Arman , Hosseindoost Saereh , Ghane Yekta , Sadat‐Shirazi Mitra , Zarrindast Mohammad‐Reza 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTRepeated exposure to abused drugs leads to reorganizing synaptic connections in the brain, playing a pivotal role in the relapse process. Additionally, recent research has highlighted the impact of parental drug exposure before gestation on subsequent generations. This study aimed to explore the influence of parental morphine exposure 10 days prior to pregnancy on drug‐induced locomotor sensitization. Adult male and female Wistar rats were categorized into morphine‐exposed and control groups. Ten days after their last treatment, they were mated, and their male offspring underwent morphine, methamphetamine, cocaine, and nicotine‐induced locomotor sensitization tests. The results indicated increased locomotor activity in both groups after drug exposure, although the changes were attenuated in morphine and cocaine sensitization among the offspring of morphine‐exposed parents (MEPs). Western blotting analysis revealed altered levels of D2 dopamine receptors (D2DRs) in the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens of the offspring from MEPs. Remarkably, despite not having direct in utero drug exposure, these offspring exhibited molecular alterations affecting morphine and cocaine‐induced sensitization. The diminished sensitization to morphine and cocaine suggested the development of a tolerance phenotype in these offspring. The changes in D2DR levels in the brain might play a role in these adaptations.
Fighting microplastics: The role of dietary fibers in protecting health
Authors: Wang Huiping , Wang Zhen , Zhang Sijie , Du Chenxu , Zhang Xinrui , Wang Luyang , Huang Jihong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMicroplastics (MPs) have emerged as a significant food‐related risk factor, posing potential threats to human health through dietary intake and the food chain. This review comprehensively analyses the impact of MPs as a novel food safety risk factor on human health (in particular on the gastrointestinal route). Furthermore, we explore the potential mechanisms by which dietary fibers (DFs) may alleviate the health risks associated with MPs. The impact of DFs on human health is intricately linked to factors such as their size, concentration, and composition. We characterize current knowledge and highlight gaps. Although DFs may be a potential strategy to reduce the impact of MPs on organism health, more in‐depth studies are needed to determine their practical effects and application prospects. In particular, research on MPs that actively reduce intake in vivo remains relatively limited and needs to receive more attention from the scientific community.
Preventing enzymatic browning of freshly cut green bananas through immersion in normal water, lemon juice, and coconut water
Authors: Sarkar Shampa , Akhter Sumaia , Roy Joysree , Wazed Md. Abdul , Abedin Raihan , Neogie Suvrow , Mishat Khairul Bashar , Sarker Md. Sazzat Hossain 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe rising demand for freshly cut agricultural produce like bananas, apples, pears, potatoes, and roots due to health concerns and modern lifestyles has heightened awareness of their susceptibility to browning, which diminishes their appeal and contributes to food waste. The present study explored the efficacy of natural anti‐browning agents in prolonging the quality and shelf‐life of freshly cut green banana slices. The bananas underwent treatment with normal water (NW), lemon juice (LJ), and coconut water (CW), and the changes in physicochemical properties, such as browning intensity, color, firmness, total soluble solid (TSS), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and also microbial attributes, were evaluated during their storage at 4 ± 1°C for 12 days. The results demonstrated significant enhancements in treated samples compared to untreated ones. While normal water and lemon juice‐treated banana slices exhibited visual browning during storage, coconut water immersion proved superior in maintaining visual appeal, whiteness, and lightness while delaying yellowing and browning. Coconut water‐treated samples also displayed firmer texture (0.75 kg), lower TSS (5.67 °Brix), and reduced weight loss (9.14%) after 12 days, in contrast to samples subjected to lemon juice and normal water treatments which showed lesser texture (0.68 kg, 0.58 kg), higher TSS (5.87 °Brix, 6.10 °Brix), and greater weight loss (11.76%, 16.09%), respectively. Furthermore, coconut water‐treated samples retained higher levels of total phenols (392.67 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent)/100 g FW (fresh weight), total flavonoids (55.67 mg QE (quercetin equivalent)/100 g FW), and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity (38.68%). Coconut water treatment also significantly suppressed polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity (14 U/g) compared to lemon juice (16 U/g) and normal water (26 U/g) treatments, and untreated samples (133 U/g) after 12 days. Additionally, microbial load remained within acceptable limits for all samples, with coconut water‐treated samples showing the lowest values. Thus, coconut water is a promising natural solution for inhibiting browning and preserving the quality of fresh‐cut green banana slices during storage.
Investigation of the effect of geometric configurations on natural convection heat transfer in external flow
Authors: Güler Birkut 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe complexities of natural convection heat transfer are investigated through experimentation, focusing on the influence of geometric configurations such as spheres, cylinders, and cubes in external flows. The study aims to understand how different geometries affect heat transfer coefficients, providing insights for architectural and engineering applications. Experimental results revealed significant variations in heat transfer efficiency among geometric models, with cubic configurations exhibiting the lowest heat transfer rates compared with spherical and cylindrical counterparts. This underscores the critical impact of geometric configuration on thermal performance and heat dissipation characteristics. The findings highlight the necessity of considering geometric factors in design processes to optimize thermal management strategies. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of convective heat transfer mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of precise geometric modeling in enhancing energy efficiency and sustainability in built environments
Can green bonds be a safe haven for equity investors?
Authors: Flavin Thomas , Sheenan Lisa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe investigate if green bonds can act as a safe‐haven asset for equity investors by analysing their relationship with stocks and other alternative safe havens, namely sovereign bonds and gold. Safe havens are defined as assets that exhibit zero or negative comovement with equity during a stock market downturn. We analyse the interrelationships between the asset classes using the Marginal Expected Shortfall of Acharya et al. (The Review of Financial Studies, 30(1), pp. 2–47, 2017) and by comparing the regime‐dependent GIRFs from a Markov‐switching VAR model. Our results suggest that green bonds are not safe haven assets for equity investors but rather show positive comovement during periods of market stress. The sovereign bond is the most consistent in delivering diversification benefits across market conditions, while gold acts as a safe‐haven asset during all regimes except during rare periods of extreme turbulence.
Association Between MRI‐Based Radiomics Features and Regional Lymph Node Metastasis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Its Clinical Outcome
Authors: Qian Xianling , Ni Xiaoyan , Miao Gengyun , Wang Fang , Zhou Changwu , Huang Peng , Zhang Yunfei , Chen Lei , Yang Chun , Zeng Mengsu 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundRegional lymph node metastasis (LNM) assessment is crucial for predicting intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) prognosis. However, imaging assessment has limitations for identifying LNM.PurposeTo investigate the association between MRI radiomics features, regional LNM status, and prognosis in iCCA.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsTwo hundred ninety‐six patients (male = 197) with surgically confirmed iCCA.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T and 3.0 T. DWI, T2WI, and contrast‐enhanced T1WI.AssessmentClinical information, radiologic, and MRI‐based radiomics features associated with LNM status were collected to establish models. Performance of MRI, PET/CT, and the combined LNM models were compared in training (N = 207) and test (N = 89) datasets. Overall survival (OS) was compared based on LNM status.Statistical TestsThe independent features were selected by 5‐fold cross‐validation. The performance of MRI, PET/CT, and the models was evaluated using the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Univariable and multivariable Cox regression were used to identify independent variables for OS. Kaplan–Meier curves were compared with the log‐rank test between LNM positive and negative groups. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsIntrahepatic duct dilatation, enhancement pattern, and CA19‐9 were independent clinicoradiologic features. The radiomics model was constructed by the independent radiomics features extracted from T2WI and delay phase T1WI. The combined LNM model showed AUC of 0.888, 0.884, and 0.811 in training, validation, and test cohorts with a positive net benefit. PET/CT exhibited similar sensitivity to the combined LNM model (0.750 vs. 0.733, P > 0.999) while the combined LNM model showed higher specificity (0.703 vs. 0.630, P = 0.039) in the test cohort. High risk of regional LNM was significantly associated with worse OS (median: 24 months) than low risk (median: 30 months, P < 0.0001).Data ConclusionsThe combined LNM model has the strongest correlation with LNM status for mass‐forming iCCA patients.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Au⋅⋅⋅H−X (X=N or C) Intramolecular Interactions in Gold (I)‐NHC Carbene Complexes with Potential Anticancer Properties: A Quantum Mechanical Study with Two Basis Sets
Authors: Benavides Maria , Granda Elizabeth 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThree cationic Gold(I)‐NHC complexes with potential anticancer properties were studied using DFT with B3LYP functional in combination with two basis sets, LanL2DZ and SDD. Obtained equilibrium geometries and computed IR spectra were found in excellent agreement with previously reported x‐ray structures and experimental IR spectral data. NBO population analysis showed gold(I) has a charge deficiency of 0.26–0.30 e. All three complex cations are polar, with dipole moment values ranging from 6.8 to 7.4 Debye. Regardless of some structural differences in their co‐ligands, all three complex cations have remarkably similar HOMO‐LUMO energy gaps, with values ranging from 5.2 to 5.4 eV, confirming they are chemically stable and that they share an almost identical stability. Long‐range intramolecular interactions Au ⋅⋅⋅H−X (X=N or C) in all three cationic complexes were identified. Both basis sets employed in this study were found equally effective in producing reliable results.
Cost‐sensitive classification with time constraint on incomplete data
Authors: Lee Yong‐Shiuan , Wu Chia‐Chi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMissing values are common, but dealing with them by inappropriate method may lead to large classification errors. Empirical evidences show that the tree‐based classification algorithms such as classification and regression tree (CART) can benefit from imputation, especially multiple imputation. Nevertheless, less attention has been paid to incorporating multiple imputation into cost‐sensitive decision tree induction. This study focuses on the treatment of missing data based on a time‐constrained minimal‐cost tree algorithm. We introduce various approaches to handle incomplete data into the algorithm including complete‐case analysis, missing‐value branch, single imputation, feature acquisition, and multiple imputation. A simulation study under different scenarios examines the predictive performances of the proposed strategies. The simulation results show that the combination of the algorithm with multiple imputation can assure classification accuracy under the budget. A real medical data example provides insights into the problem of missing values in cost‐sensitive learning and the advantages of the proposed methods.
Crystal structure and photophysical properties of (κ2‐(N,O)‐5,7‐dichloro‐2‐methyl‐8‐quinolinolate)di(pentafluorophenyl)borane: Experiment and density functional theory calculations
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Minh , Huy Nguyen Thac , Nhi Nguyen Thuy Huong , Hai Le Thi Hong , Dung Tran Ngoc , Van Thong Pham , Xuyen Nguyen Thi , Van Hung Hoang , Mo Nguyen Thi , Hue Nguyen Thi Minh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver the past decade, the boron Schiff bases (BOSCHIBAs) have garnered significant attention due to their facile and eco‐friendly synthesis, nonlinear and linear optical properties, and sensitivity in solar cells. Recently, luminescent boron(III) complexes have been successfully employed as emitters in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). The [B(C6F5)2(MeClQ)] complex was synthesized by reacting 5,7‐dichloro‐2‐methylquinoline‐8‐ol with tripentafluorophenylborane, and its structure was determined via single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC‐XRD). The photophysical properties of the compound in various solvents were investigated using UV–Vis and fluorescence spectra in combination with DFT calculations. Analysis based on HOMO‐LUMO energy, emission and absorption spectra, and other parameters indicates that [B(C6F5)2(MeClQ)] exhibits great potential as a blue light emitter in OLEDs.
Conquering the crush: A novel tool for holding crocodilian jaws open
Authors: Boucher Miriam , Rainwater Thomas R. , Stoner Michael , Sigler Luis , Whitmire Stefanie L. , Anderson James T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCrocodilians have diverse snout shapes ranging from the long, narrow snouts of the Indian gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) to the broad snout of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). In addition, crocodilians possess the strongest bite force of all extant animals, with recorded values for adult alligators exceeding 9 kilonewtons (kN). Jaw‐closing pressure poses a challenge and safety risk for people working with crocodilians, such as veterinarians, wildlife managers, and researchers who must safely access the oral cavity to perform veterinary procedures, health assessments, hook removals, or sample collection. Conventionally, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or metal tubes (pipes) placed longitudinally into the mouth have been used to hold crocodilian jaws open for such operations. The short sections of opaque pipe can cause oral irritation, obscure the palate and tongue, and restrict access to the oral cavity and palatal valve. In conjunction with a project investigating the diet of alligators in the southeastern United States, we identified a need to create an efficient tool to allow safe and direct access to the alligator oral cavity. We built 2 versions of a device for holding alligator jaws open that are adjustable to accommodate different gape sizes. The device allows for safe positioning within the mouth, includes safety considerations for device failure, and is adaptable to both widen and collapse the gape of the mouth. We successfully deployed and recovered the device on 76 wild alligators ranging in total length from 120 to 329 cm. We also performed mechanical tests in the laboratory to assess the maximum force the devices and associated materials can safely withstand, as well as the conditions under which the devices fail. Our medium‐duty and heavy‐duty device designs withstood forces up to 6 kN and 18 kN, respectively. We observed no material fracture in the devices but did observe deformations of materials used during laboratory testing. The device is an inexpensive and effective tool for veterinarians, wildlife researchers, and managers who need to hold open the jaws of crocodilians safely.
Gravito-magnetic polarization of Schwarzschild black hole
Authors: Hadad Tomer , Kol Barak , Smolkin Michael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We determine the gravito-magnetic Love numbers of non-rotating black holes in all spacetime dimensions through a novel and direct derivation. The Ishibashi-Kodama master field and its associated field equation are avoided. The matching to the EFT variables is simple. This method allows us to correct the values in the literature. Moreover, we highlight a parity-based selection rule for nonlinear terms that include both electric-type and magnetic-type gravitational field tensors, enabling us to conclude that many of the nonlinear response coefficients in the Schwarzschild black hole effective action vanish.
Clifford Actions Defining Klein Surfaces
Authors: Tyszkowska Ewa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe represent Klein surfaces as the orbit spaces of Riemann surfaces under actions of multiplicative subgroups of real Clifford algebras. We define a partial order on the set of all Klein surfaces and we prove that the defining action of any Klein surface Y can be obtained by induction from the defining action of a minimal element of the chain to which Y belongs.