bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KPP fronts in shear flows with cutoff reaction rates
Authors: Needham D. J. , Tzella A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe consider the effect of a shear flow which has, without loss of generality, a zero mean flow rate, on a Kolmogorov–Petrovskii–Piscounov (KPP)‐type model in the presence of a discontinuous cutoff at concentration . In the long‐time limit, a permanent‐form traveling wave solution is established which, for fixed , is unique. Its structure and speed of propagation depends on (the strength of the flow relative to the propagation speed in the absence of advection) and (the square of the front thickness relative to the channel width). We use matched asymptotic expansions to approximate the propagation speed in the three natural cases , , and , with particular associated orderings on , while remains fixed. In all the cases that we consider, the shear flow enhances the speed of propagation in a manner that is similar to the case without cutoff (). We illustrate the theory by evaluating expressions (either directly or through numerical integration) for the particular cases of the plane Couette and Poiseuille flows.
Telehealth in geriatric dentistry: A comparative analysis of concordance between virtual and in‐person examinations for hospitalized older patients
Authors: Kallás Monira Samaan , Guardieiro Bruno , Henrique Expedita Angela , Silva Deise Garrido , Takashi Danilo Aoike , Marchini Leonardo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aims to assess the concordance between in‐person clinical and virtual oral examinations among hospitalized older adults.MethodsA single examiner performed an in‐person clinical examination, recorded systemic health history and oral health indices, clinically documented the Bedside Oral Exam (BOE), and captured photographs for subsequent analysis during a virtual examination. Following a 90‐day washout period, a virtual examination was repeated by the same examiner and by a second examiner. Descriptive analysis and a Kappa test were used to compare proportions and evaluate the agreement between results.ResultsIntra‐examiners presented high percentage of agreement in all domains of BOE (80%–86%), with an exception for gingiva (78%). Kappa's intra‐examiners presented moderate scores in saliva, mucous membrane, gingiva and teeth/dentures domains and a strong score in the tongue domain (0.839). Inter examiners presented moderate agreement in lips and gingiva, saliva, mucous membrane, and teeth/dentures domains. Inter examiners Kappa scores were weak for lips (0.395) and gingiva (0.498) domains; moderate for saliva (0.703), mucous membrane (0.769) and teeth/dentures (0.714) domains and strong for the tongue domain (0.872).ConclusionIn this study, a moderate level of agreement was observed between clinical and virtual oral examinations among older hospitalized patients. These findings are encouraging and warrant further investigation about how teledentistry can be used to enhance oral health access to this vulnerable population.
On the scalarity of nu‐V constructions in Taiwan Mandarin
Authors: Chen Yi‐Hsun , Chou C.‐T. Tim , Shen Po Ju 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates three puzzles concerning scalar nu‐V constructions in Taiwan Mandarin: (a) a scalar nu‐V construction is incompatible with state/achievement verbs, irrespective of the presence of a quantity phrase; (b) when combined with activity verbs, the inclusion of a quantity phrase appears obligatory for scalar nu‐V constructions in an out‐of‐the‐blue context; (c) under appropriate contextual support, bare nouns and demonstrative phrases can replace the typically obligatory quantity phrases to form a grammatical scalar nu‐V construction with an activity verb. We argue that the solutions to these puzzles lie in three core meaning components of scalar nu‐V constructions: (a) scalar presupposition; (b) association with focus; (c) volitional requirement. Specifically, we propose that (a) scalar nu is a scalar verbal modifier that forms a verbal compound with its following verb; (b) scalar nu introduces a scalar presupposition (based on the scalar associate) and the volitional requirement in scalar nu‐V constructions. If our analysis is correct, it suggests that the scalarity of a construction may come from a verbal modifier (e.g., scalar nu) in the formation of a compound verb, thereby enhancing our understanding of the compositionality of compound verbs in natural language.
Reconstructing geographies of margins: Unbounded spaces in an immobile world
Authors: Aparna Kolar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper I call for unbounding Paasi's ontological position, while urging for a research agenda that shifts from Deconstructing Regional Identity to Reconstructing geographies of margins. Reconstructing geographies of margins is an agenda for building situated knowledges from experiences of movement historically produced as ‘out of place’ and ‘out of time’ to undo fixity in spatio‐temporal categories of the state but also of social‐scientific analysis. I argue that thinking and sensing from the plural epistemological and ontological positions emerging from such movement (out of one's place and time assigned by oppressive structures of domination) is essential to emancipate the categories of the migrant/refugee/other from scientific and historical ways of knowing that produced it in the first place. This agenda cannot be fixed but must be continuously aimed, as an ongoing perpetual process of unbounding research agendas of mobility, borders and migration from settling into rigid onto‐epistemic positions.
Continental-scale drainage reorganization during Mesoproterozoic orogenesis: Evidence from the Belt Basin of western North America
Authors: Hirtz Jaime A.M. , Constenius Kurt N. , Horton Brian K. , Valencia Victor A. , Pratt Brian R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Mesoproterozoic Belt Basin of the northwestern United States and southwestern Canada contains a 5–20-km-thick metasedimentary succession deposited during an important transition in the Precambrian development of North America. Key unresolved issues for the Belt Basin include the chronology of deposition, sources of siliciclastic sediment, and regional paleogeography during Laurentian orogenesis. To address these topics, we acquired detrital zircon U-Pb geochronologic data for eastern exposures of the Belt-Purcell Supergroup in the Lewis thrust salient along the USA-Canada border. To define an integrated chronostratigraphic and provenance framework for the Belt Basin, we calculated maximum depositional ages and qualitatively and quantitatively compared our geochronologic data set to a compilation of Laurentian igneous and metamorphic zircon U-Pb ages using multidimensional scaling and an inverse Monte Carlo model. The results suggest a stratigraphic age range of ca. 1495–1380 Ma, constituting a depositional duration of ~115 m.y. with an average sediment accumulation rate of ~40 m/m.y. for the studied locality (extrapolated to ~155 m/m.y. for the basin depocenter). Variations in sediment provenance are expressed by three distinct intervals within the Belt-Purcell Supergroup. The lower Belt Supergroup succession (Waterton to lower Helena Formations; ca. 1495–1440 Ma) is dominated by Paleoproterozoic and Archean grains derived from the northeastern Canadian Shield. The middle Belt Supergroup succession (upper Helena to Sheppard Formations; ca. 1440–1420 Ma) displays mixed early Mesoproterozoic, late Paleoproterozoic, and Archean zircon age groups. The upper Belt Supergroup succession (Gateway to Roosville Formations; ca. 1420–1380 Ma) contains almost entirely late Paleoproterozoic zircons sourced from the south (Yavapai-Mazatzal and Mojave crustal provinces). We interpret sediment provenance to reflect a continental-scale, fluvial drainage reorganization during middle Belt Supergroup deposition that can be linked to the recently recognized Picuris orogeny.
Spatiotemporal patterns of low and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus prevalence in murres in Canada from 2007 to 2022—a case study for wildlife viral monitoring
Authors: McLaughlin Angela , Giacinti Jolene , Rahman Ishraq , Wight Jordan , Hargan Kathryn , Lang Andrew S. , Mallory Mark L. , Robertson Gregory J. , Elliot Kyle , Ojkic Davor , Lair Stéphane , Jones Megan , Berhane Yohannes , Gilchrist Grant , Wilson Laurie , Wilhelm Sabina I. , Brown Michael G.C. , Provencher Jennifer F. 
Published: July 2024

Migratory seabirds move across ocean basins and are one of the primary reservoirs of low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV). This includes the millions of thick-billed murres ( Uria lomvia) and common murres ( Uria aalge) that are distributed across northern hemisphere oceans. In response to increasingly frequent detections of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in Europe in 2020–2021, avian influenza virus (AIV) monitoring in wildlife has increased. We compiled data from murres tested for AIV in Canada between 2007 and 2022 to quantify spatiotemporal variation in the prevalence of LPAIV and HPAIV in these birds. No HPAIV was detected in murres prior to 2022, but HPAIV was present in 46% of both live/harvested and found dead murres in the northwestern Atlantic in 2022 with prevalence peaking at 63% among live birds in the summer. In the eastern Canadian Arctic, HPAIV prevalence in 2022 was <1% while LPAIV prevalence was 21%, which was significantly higher than previous sampling years. Power analyses suggest approximately 100 samples from breeding murres should be collected annually per colony or region to detect moderate changes in HPAIV prevalence. These analyses inform robust monitoring of viruses in wildlife, with implications for conservation, harvest management, and public health.
Impact of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Levels on Functional Independence Following Endovascular Thrombectomy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Lin Shin‐Yi , Lin Yen‐Heng , Chen Chih‐Hao , Lee Chung‐Wei , Chao Yuan‐Chang , Peng Yu‐Fong , Kuo Ching‐Hua , Huang Chih‐Fen , Tang Sung‐Chun , Jeng Jiann‐Shing 
Published: July 2024

Background
In direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) users with stroke due to large artery occlusion, endovascular thrombectomy is an effective treatment when intravenous thrombolytic therapy is unsuitable. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between emergent DOAC levels and endovascular thrombectomy outcomes.

Methods
Participants with atrial fibrillation, who had a premorbid modified Rankin Scale score of ≤3 and had undergone endovascular thrombectomy for acute stroke, were enrolled. Drug levels upon hospital arrival were measured in the prestroke DOAC users. Head noncontrast computed tomography and computed tomographic angiography images were used to quantify thrombus permeability. The primary outcome was functional independence at 3 months (modified Rankin Scale 0–2 or a return to premorbid status for patients with a premorbid modified Rankin Scale of 3).

Results
The study included 250 patients (antithrombotic agent nonusers, 42.0%; oral anticoagulant users, 34.0%; and antiplatelet users, 24.0%). The primary outcomes did not differ among the 3 groups. Among oral anticoagulant users, 78.8% were DOAC users. Of the 59 DOAC users with available drug level measurements, 62.7% had low levels (<50 ng/mL). Low‐level patients were less likely to achieve functional independence than high‐level patients (adjusted odds ratio, 0.26 [0.08–0.87]). Compared with antithrombotic nonusers, oral anticoagulant users with therapeutic anticoagulation were more likely to achieve functional independence (adjusted odds ratio, 2.83 [1.18–6.78]), whereas those with inadequate anticoagulation did not. Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in 3 DOAC users in the low‐level group (8.1%), 1 DOAC user in the high‐level group (4.5%), and 4 antithrombotic nonusers (3.8%). Thrombus permeability was similar between antithrombotic nonusers and low‐ or high‐level DOAC users.

Conclusion
Among patients who underwent DOAC therapy and endovascular thrombectomy, those with low DOAC levels were less likely to achieve functional independence. Furthermore, oral anticoagulant users with therapeutic anticoagulation displayed better functional outcomes than antithrombotic nonusers.
Respiration recording for fMRI: breathing belt versus spine coil sensor
Authors: Wilding Marilena , Ischebeck Anja , Zaretskaya Natalia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Physiological signals such as pulse and respiration strongly contribute to non-neuronal signal change of the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This has been observed not only during task-based but also during resting-state fMRI measurements, where the confounding influence of physiological signals is most pronounced. Over the last decades, a variety of techniques evolved, aiming at detecting and removing physiological artifacts in fMRI time series. These follow either a solely data-driven approach or rely on externally recorded physiological data. To record cardiac and respiratory signals, typically pulse oximetry or electrocardiography (ECG) and a respiration belt are used, respectively. New technologies allow to capture respiratory signal directly with a sensor placed within the spine coil in the patient table, eliminating the need of a respiration belt, which considerably increases participants’ comfort. However, little is known about the effectiveness of these new technologies and how they compare to the standard respiration belt recording. In the current study, we compared the two devices, respiration belt and spine coil sensor, in their suitability for physiological noise removal during a visual perception task and during rest. We did not find any differences in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC), stimulus-related activity, or residual noise between data corrected with the two recording devices. Our results show that spine coil-derived respiration recordings are as good as belt respiration recordings for physiological noise removal in task-induced activity, with spine coil recordings having an additional advantage in terms of participants’ comfort and artifact susceptibility.
Permissible HLA mismatches in 9/10 unrelated donor pediatric stem cell transplants using HLA-EMMA: an EBMT Inborn Errors Working Party study
Authors: von Asmuth Erik G. J. , Hiensch Fleur , Heidt Sebastiaan , Mohseny Alexander B. , Roelen Dave L. , Kramer Cynthia S. M. , Claas Frans H. J. , Albert Michael H. , Neven Bénédicte , Lankester Arjan C. , van Beek Adriaan A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with mismatched unrelated donors (MMUD) is associated with inferior outcome compared with matched unrelated donors (MUDs). We aimed to identify permissible mismatches using HLA epitope mismatch algorithm, which determines permissibility by analyzing amino acid sequences, in a single-center cohort of 70 pediatric 9/10 MMUD HSCTs and 157 10/10 MUDs for comparison. Amino acid matching was evaluated for the whole HLA protein, the α-helices, and the β-sheets, in both host vs graft (HvG) and graft vs host (GvH) direction. Superior event-free survival (EFS) was found in 13 patients permissibly mismatched in the HvG direction (totalHvG, 92% vs 58% at 1 year; P = .009) and in 21 patients matched on the α-helices (αHvG, 90% vs 53%; P = .002). These rates were similar to EFS rates in patients with 10/10 MUDs (90% vs 80%; P = .60). EFS was not related to β-sheet amino acid matching, nor to matching in the GvH direction. Overall survival (OS) rates trended similarly to those of EFS for amino acid mismatches (totalHvG, 92% vs 74%; P = .075; αHvG, 90% vs 71%; P = .072). These findings were reproduced in an EBMT Registry inborn errors cohort of 271 pediatric 9/10 MMUD HSCTs and 929 10/10 MUD HSCTs, showing a significant effect of αHvG matching on both OS and EFS and similar OS and EFS between αHvG matched MMUDs and 10/10 MUDs. In summary, HvG amino acid matching on the α-helices identifies 9/10 MMUDs with permissible mismatches, which are correlated with favorable transplant outcomes similar to those of matched donors.
Evaluation of immunophenotypic alterations of peripheral blood lymphocytes and their sub-sets in uncomplicated P. Falciparum infection
Authors: Antwi-Baffour Samuel , Mensah Benjamin Tetteh , Ahiakonu Simon Aglona , Armah Dorinda Naa Okailey , Ali-Mustapha Samira , Annison Lawrence 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease typically transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. There is ample evidence showing the potential of malaria infection to affect the counts of lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood, but the extent of alteration might not be consistent in all geographical locations, due to several local factors. Although Ghana is among the malaria-endemic countries, there is currently no available data on the level of alterations that occur in the counts of lymphocyte subpopulations during P. falciparum malaria infection among adults.

Aim
The study was to determine the immunophenotypic alterations in the level of peripheral blood lymphocytes and their subsets in adults with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria infection and apparently healthy participants.

Methods
The study was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in two municipalities of the Volta region of Ghana. Blood samples were collected from study participants and taken through serology (P. falciparum/Pan Rapid Diagnostic Kits), microscopy (Thick and thin blood films) and Haematological (Flow cytometric and Full blood count) analysis.

Results
A total of 414 participants, comprising 214 patients with malaria and 200 apparently healthy individuals (controls) were recruited into this study. Parasite density of the malaria patients ranged from 75/µL to 84,364/µL, with a mean of 3,520/µL. It was also observed that the total lymphocytes slightly decreased in the P. falciparum-infected individuals (Mean ± SD: 2.08 ± 4.93 × 109/L) compared to the control group (Mean ± SD: 2.47 ± 0.80 × 109/L). Again, there was a significant moderate positive correlation between parasite density and haematocrit levels (r = 0.321, p < 0.001). Apart from CD45 + T-cells, more people in the control group had normal values for the lymphocyte subsets measured compared to the malaria patients.

Conclusions
From the results obtained, there was high parasite density among the malaria patients suggestive of high intensity of infection in the case group. The malaria patients again showed considerable haematological alterations in lymphocyte sub-sets and the parasite density appeared to be strongly associated with CD4 + T-cell reduction. Also, the parasite density significantly associated with decreasing haematocrit levels. This indicates that lymphocyte subset enumeration can be used to effectively support malaria diagnosis.
Transcriptome profiling reveals the impact of various levels of biochar application on the growth of flue-cured tobacco plants
Authors: Yang Yingfen , Ahmed Waqar , Wang Gang , Ye Chenghu , Li Shichen , Zhao Meiwei , Zhang Jinhao , Wang Junjie , Salmen Saleh H. , Wu Lianzhang , Zhao Zhengxiong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Biochar, a carbon-rich source and natural growth stimulant, is usually produced by the pyrolysis of agricultural biomass. It is widely used to enhance plant growth, enzyme activity, and crop productivity. However, there are no conclusive studies on how different levels of biochar application influence these systems.

Methods and results
The present study elucidated the dose-dependent effects of biochar application on the physiological performance, enzyme activity, and dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants via field experiments. In addition, transcriptome analysis was performed on 60-day-old (early growth stage) and 100-day-old (late growth stage) tobacco leaves to determine the changes in transcript levels at the molecular level under various biochar application levels (0, 600, and 1800 kg/ha). The results demonstrated that optimum biochar application enhances plant growth, regulates enzymatic activity, and promotes biomass accumulation in tobacco plants, while higher biochar doses had adverse effects. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed a total of 6561 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were up- or down-regulated in the groupwise comparison under different treatments. KEGG pathways analysis demonstrated that carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms (ko00710), photosynthesis (ko00195), and starch and sucrose metabolism (ko00500) pathways were significantly up-regulated under the optimal biochar dosage (600 kg/ha) and down-regulated under the higher biochar dosage (1800 kg/ha).

Conclusion
Collectively, these results indicate that biochar application at an optimal rate (600 kg/ha) could positively affect photosynthesis and carbon fixation, which in turn increased the synthesis and accumulation of sucrose and starch, thus promoting the growth and dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants. However, a higher biochar dosage (1800 kg/ha) disturbs the crucial source-sink balance of organic compounds and inhibits the growth of tobacco plants.
Safety and feasibility of early drinking water after general anesthesia recovery in patients undergoing daytime surgery
Authors: Lu Yixing , Liu Siyan , Jing Shunzhong , Zhao Xuefeng , Liang Jiamei , Sun Xiaoqiang , Lin Yunan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients who are recovering from general anesthesia commonly exhibit symptoms such as dry lips, throat irritation, and thirst, prompting a desire to drink water in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects and any potential complications of administering varying quantities of water to such patients. The primary objectives are to assess the safety and feasibility of early water intake after general anesthesia, specifically in the context of daytime surgery.

Methods
A total of 200 nongastrointestinal patients who underwent outpatient surgery were randomly assigned to four groups: Group A (drinking < 1 ml/kg), Group B (drinking 1–2 ml/kg), Group C (drinking > 2 ml/kg), and Group D (no water intake). We monitored changes in the assessment parameters before and after water consumption, as well as the incidence of post-drinking nausea and vomiting, and compared these outcomes among the four groups.

Results
Water intake led to a significant reduction in thirst, oropharyngeal discomfort, and pain scores and a notable increase in the gastric antrum motility index (MI), exhibiting statistical significance compared to the values before drinking (p < 0.05). Remarkably, higher water consumption correlated with enhanced gastrointestinal peristalsis. There was a significant difference in the antral MI among groups B, C, and A (p < 0.05). The occurrence of nausea and vomiting did not significantly differ among groups A, B, C, and D (p > 0.05). Early water consumption enhanced patient satisfaction with medical care, significantly varying from Group D (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Non-gastrointestinal surgical patients who passed pre-drinking water assessments post GA(general anesthesia)recovery could safely ingest moderate amounts of water in the PACU. Early water intake is both safe and feasible, effectively fostering swift postoperative recovery.