bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 4–8 GHz kinetic inductance traveling-wave parametric amplifier using four-wave mixing with near quantum-limited noise performance
Authors: Faramarzi Farzad , Stephenson Ryan , Sypkens Sasha , Eom Byeong H. , LeDuc Henry , Day Peter 
Published: July 2024

Kinetic inductance traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (KI-TWPAs) have a wide instantaneous bandwidth with a near quantum-limited noise performance and a relatively high dynamic range. Because of this, they are suitable readout devices for cryogenic detectors and superconducting qubits and have a variety of applications in quantum sensing. This work discusses the design, fabrication, and performance of a KI-TWPA based on four-wave mixing in a NbTiN microstrip transmission line. This device amplifies a signal band from 4 to 8 GHz without contamination from image tones, which are produced in a separate higher frequency band. The 4–8 GHz band is commonly used to read out cryogenic detectors, such as microwave kinetic inductance detectors and Josephson junction-based qubits. We report a measured maximum gain of over 20 dB using four-wave mixing with a 1 dB gain compression point of −58 dBm at 15 dB of gain over that band. The bandwidth and peak gain are tunable by adjusting the pump-tone frequency and power. Using a Y-factor method, we measure an amplifier-added noise of 0.5 ≤ Nadded ≤ 1.5 photons from 4.5 to 8 GHz.
Levels of metaphor in gesture
Authors: Dyrmo Tomasz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The present contribution integrates a recent, multilevel approach to metaphor advanced by Kövecses (2017 and later publications), with gestures as a mode of metaphorical expression. In
doing so, the paper shows how different elements of conceptual structure, varying from the abstract, recurring image schema,
through more complex conceptual domains and frames, to contextually embedded and variable metaphorical scenarios, participate in
the metaphoricity of gestures. This application of gestures to the multilevel approach lends direct support to the idea that human
conceptual system recruits various semiotic modes – not limited to language – for expressing its content. Image schemas of
object and source-path-goal have been shown to participate directly in the domain of transfer,
which, when embedded in context of a given communicative situation, has become the conceptual frame of coming out. The frame, when
realised via different gestural forms in a shared context across many speakers, turns into a highly context-sensitive, variable,
and speech co-expressive gestural metaphorical scenario of coming out is showing an object.
The visibility of speech
Authors: Garello Stefana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between visual imagery and metaphor, highlighting the
historical neglect of this relationship in philosophy and cognitive science and exploring the reasons behind this neglect in
theoretical and empirical studies. After outlining influential philosophical theories on the relationship between metaphor and
visual imagery, I provide a critical overview of empirical findings on this. Thus, I argue that experimental studies lack
sufficient empirical evidence to make meaningful generalizations and fail to determine the true role of visual imagery in metaphor
comprehension. Nevertheless, they do not allow us to rule out the involvement of imagery in the comprehension of at least certain
metaphors. The present paper proposes that visual imagery might play different roles depending on the semantic features of the
vehicle and the kind of meaning conveyed by different types of metaphors. I conclude this discussion by sketching a roadmap for
further exploration of this fascinating and challenging relationship.
On comprehending adjectival antonyms and negation
Authors: Golshaie Ramin , Incera Sara , Ghaffarzadeh Samira 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study explores the extent to which comprehending negated antonyms in Persian involves the mitigation effect,
whereby a negated word means less than its antonym. In two mouse-tracking experiments, participants rated sentences containing
negated/non-negated scalar (e.g., tall-short) and complementary (e.g., dead-alive) antonymous
adjectives on a continuous scale. Their reaction times and mouse movements were recorded by MouseTracker. The analysis of reaction
times shows that negated adjectives are processed slower than their affirmative counterparts. Moreover, the analysis of mouse
trajectories shows that complementary adjectives are rated further apart, closer to the endpoints of the scale than scalar
adjectives. We also found that both complementary and scalar adjectives are mitigated under negation, but the mitigation effect is
greater in scalar, rather than complementary, adjectives. The results speak in favor of a particular kind of mitigation effect,
so-called negative strengthening, which causes negated antonyms to receive a strong pragmatic interpretation towards the opposite
member of the pair.
Promoting Ethnoveterinary Medicine for Sustainable Animal Husbandry Practices in Northern Ghana
Authors: Crump Lisa , Awuni Foster , Avornyo Franklin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This case profiles the project ‘Promoting Ethnoveterinary Medicine for Sustainable Animal Husbandry Practices in Northern Ghana’, which brought together stakeholders from the animal and plant health/agriculture sectors to collaborate with farmers, educators, and community and government/ministry decision makers. The 3-year pilot worked to improve animal health and productivity for rural farmers through increased recognition and use of ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM) as a complement to conventional veterinary services. Project activities documented herbal treatments commonly used for poultry and livestock by smallholder farmers, improved preparation, packaging and use of the prioritized treatments, and established a strong network of EVM practitioners in Northern Ghana. Using a participatory integrated approach enabled tangible results, which directly benefited farmers, EVM innovators and the veterinary sector through this small-scale pilot study. Participatory transdisciplinary approaches take time and trust to come to fruition. A follow-on project was collaboratively developed, funded and launched in June 2023 with the intention to continue the successful work.

Information
© The Authors 2024
Stabilization of Sn2+ in FA0.75MA0.25SnI3 perovskite thin films using an electron donor polymer, PCDTBT, and an improvement in the charge transport properties of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Vishwakarma Ashok , Kumar Pankaj , Pandey Anand , Kumar Lokendra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Lead-free tin halide perovskites for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding optoelectronic and ecofriendly properties. These materials face severe issues, such as poor environmental stability, low formation energy and faster oxidation of tin from the Sn2+ to Sn4+ state, leading to poor film quality and self-doping. In this work, we have fabricated FA0.75MA0.25SnI3 perovskite thin films via a solution processing method and studied the conjugated polymer poly [N-9′-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadia-zole)] (PCDTBT)-induced effects in perovskite thin films. The micro-strain of PCDTBT-doped FA0.75MA0.25SnI3 perovskite reduced without any change in the crystal structure. Reductions in electron trap density have been observed due to improved film quality and enlarged perovskite grains. We have observed that the Sn4+ content in 0.050 wt% PCDTBT-doped FA0.75MA0.25SnI3 perovskite film gets reduced, as shown in the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results. The reduction in Sn4+ (cause of self-doping) content shows that PCDTBT doping maintains the stability of Sn2+ in FA0.75MA0.25SnI3 perovskite thin film. A decrement in hole density from 3.2 × 1018 cm−3 for pristine films to 1.3 × 1017cm−3 for 0.050 wt% PCDTBT-doped FA0.75MA0.25SnI3 perovskite has been observed from C–V measurement, which is consistent with the XPS results. Thus, PCDTBT doping in perovskite films can effectively tackle the severe issues of tin oxidation and defects in the lead-free tin halide perovskite photoactive layer for solar cell application.
Breakdown voltage enhancement and specific on-resistance reduction in depletion-mode GaN HEMTs by co-modulating electric field
Authors: Luo Ling , Wu Nengtao , Xing Zhiheng , Li Shanjie , Zeng Fanyi , Cao Ben , Wu Changtong , Li Guoqiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this letter, a depletion-mode GaN high electron mobility transistors (GaN HEMTs) with high breakdown voltage and low on-resistance are designed and experimentally demonstrated. It combines the gate field plate and partial unintentionally doped GaN (u-GaN) cap layer (gate field plate and partial u-GaN cap HEMTs: GPU-HEMTs) to co-modulate the surface electric field distribution, which results in the electric field peak being far away from the gate edge, thus improving the breakdown voltage and decreasing the on-resistance. The optimized GPU-HEMTs exhibit a larger output current (I
DS) of 495 mA mm−1 and a correspondingly smaller specific on-resistance of 4.26 mΩ·cm2. Meanwhile, a high breakdown voltage of 1044 V at I
DS = 1 mA mm−1 compared to the conventional GaN HEMTs of 633 V was obtained. This approach is highly effective in simultaneously optimizing the breakdown voltage and the specific on-resistance of GaN HEMTs, while maintaining a large output current.
First-principles study on the electronic structure and photocatalytic properties of novel two-dimensional Janus CrXCN4 (X = Si, Ge)
Authors: Huang Mengya , Lang Qizhi , Wang Yi , Guo Xiang , Ding Zhao , Yan Jiang , Liu Xuefei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Abundant studies demonstrate the significant role of Janus-structured two dimensional semiconductors as photocatalytic materials, highlighting their substantial advantages and importance in photocatalysis. In this work, CrXCN4 (X = Si, Ge) Janus monolayers were constructed based on CrC2N4, and the thermal stability, thermodynamic stability, mechanical stability, electronic properties, and optical properties of the monolayers were systematically investigated. Furthermore, an investigation was conducted to examine the impact of biaxial strain on their electronic and light absorption properties. The findings reveal that both monolayers exhibit direct band gap characteristics, with high absorption coefficients for visible light owing to their appropriate band gaps (1.44 eV for CrSiCN4 and 1.15 eV for CrGeCN4, respectively). At compressive strains exceeding 3%, the CrSiCN4 monolayer demonstrates an optimal band edge position, suggesting its potential as a photocatalyst for overall water splitting. Furthermore, as the compressive strain increases, the absorption spectra have blue-shifted and the absorption coefficient becomes higher, exceeding 2

×

105 cm−1 under a −3% compressive strain. Our study highlights the potential applications of CrXCN4 monolayers in the field of optoelectronic device, particularly emphasizing the promising candidacy of CrSiCN4 as an efficient photocatalyst.
Integration of two different road network models for emergency rescue pathfinding in indoor and outdoor environments
Authors: Zhu Zhengliang , Hu Cong , Chen Weiwang , Wang Xinzhi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The environment of buildings and outdoor transportation in urban areas is becoming increasingly complex. This poses a challenge for rescue pathfinding once an emergency occurs, which relies on the generation of road network models. To better balance efficiency and accuracy in pathfinding, a three-dimensional integrated road network model (3D-IRNM) derived from grid and topological road network models was developed in this study. Firstly, a cross-platform data loading method from building information model to geographic information systems (GIS) is proposed, to serve as a data source for road network model generation, visual enhancement, and breaking the barriers between different spatial data format models. Then, the topological and grid road network models are generated in indoor spaces of different functions, with IRNM obtained by the integration strategy. The 3D-IRNM can be formed by extracting indoor vertical paths from the stairs and connecting them with the IRNM of each floor. To further combine the 3D-IRNM with outdoor environments, a CrossNode model is then proposed. Besides, an adaptive pathfinding algorithm is also proposed. Finally, the construction of an emergency pathfinding system based on GIS technology is achieved. The pathfinding algorithm and the structure of 3D-IRNM help the pathfinding both efficiency and accuracy. The practicability of the designed 3D-IRNM together with its pathfinding algorithm is well verified.
Nanomaterials for diabetes: diagnosis, detection and delivery
Authors: Verma Jaya , Dahiya Shakti 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
537 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes mellitus, a problem of glucose management that is related to a number of major health risks, including cardiovascular diseases. There is a need for new, efficient formulations of diabetic medications to address this condition and its related consequences because existing treatments have a number of drawbacks and limits. This encouraged the development of treatment plans to get around some of these restrictions, like low therapeutic drug bioavailability or patients’ disobedience to existing therapies. Approaches based on nanotechnology have a lot of promise to enhance the treatment of diabetic patients. In order to manage blood glucose, this review article highlights recent developments and explores the potential applications of different materials (polymeric, ceramic, dendrimers, etc.) as nanocarriers for the delivery of insulin and other antidiabetic medications. Using an injectable and acid-degradable polymeric network produced by the electrostatic interaction of oppositely charged dextran nanoparticles loaded with insulin and glucose-specific enzymes, we reviewed a glucose-mediated release approach for the self-regulated delivery of insulin, in which, after a degradable nano-network was subcutaneously injected into type 1 diabetic mice, in vivo experiments confirmed that these formulations improved glucose management. In addition, a discussion of silica-based nanocarriers, their potential for treating diabetes and controlling blood glucose levels, and an explanation of the role of dendrimers in diabetes treatment have been covered. This is done by utilizing the properties of silica nanoparticles, such as their tuneable particle and pore size, surface chemistry, and biocompatibility. The article summarized the significance of nanomaterials and their uses in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes overall, illuminating the field’s potential and outlining its prospects for the future.
Antimony-assisted controlled growth of PtSe2 ribbon arrays for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Tian , Yang Liusi , Zhang Guangjie , Zhang Jiaying , Feng Jingqi , Peng Xinying , Xu Peng , He Shuli , Ma Donglin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, we report the successful synthesis of few-layer parallel PtSe2 ribbons on an Au foil employing a surface melting strategy via the chemical vapor deposition growth method at 650 °C. The controlled formation of parallel ribbons was directed by the Au steps generated through antimony treatment. These ribbons exhibit an average length of exceeding 100 μm and a width of approximately 100 nm across a substantial area. Electrocatalysis measurements showcase the catalytic performance of PtSe2 ribbons grown on Au foil, which can be further augmented through subsequent oxidation treatment. This investigation introduces an effective growth method for few-layer ribbons at low temperatures and broadens the scope of employing the substrate-guided strategies for the synthesis of one-dimensional materials. Additionally, it underscores the potential of PtSe2 ribbons as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution.
Quench protection for high-temperature superconductor cables using active control of current distribution
Authors: Marchevsky M , Prestemon S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Superconducting magnets of future fusion reactors are expected to rely on composite high-temperature superconductor (HTS) cable conductors. In presently used HTS cables, current sharing between components is limited due to poorly defined contact resistances between superconducting tapes or by design. The interplay between contact and termination resistances is the defining factor for power dissipation in these cables and ultimately defines their safe operational margins. However, the current distribution between components along the composite conductor and inside its terminations is a priori unknown, and presently, no means are available to actively tune current flow distribution in real-time to improve margins of quench protection. Also, the lack of ability to electrically probe individual components makes it impossible to identify conductor damage locations within the cable. In this work, we address both problems by introducing active current control of current distribution between components using cryogenically operated metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). We demonstrate through simulation and experiments how real-time current controls can help to drastically reduce heat dissipation in a developing hot spot in a two-conductor model system and help identify critical current degradation of individual cable components. Prospects of other potential uses of MOSFET devices for improved voltage detection, AC loss-driven active quench protection, and remnant magnetization reduction in HTS magnets are also discussed.
Equation of spin motion for a particle with electric and magnetic charges and dipole moments
Authors: Silenko Alexander J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The general classical equation of spin motion is rigorously derived for a particle with electric and magnetic charges and electric and magnetic dipole moments in electromagnetic fields. The equation describing the spin motion relative to the momentum direction in storage rings is also obtained. The importance of the derivation follows from the potential presence of magnetic charges and EDMs due to the pseudoscalar CP-violating electromagnetic interaction caused by dark matter axions.
Quantum simulation of entanglement dynamics in a quantum processor
Authors: Saavedra-Pino Sebastián , Inzulza Cristian , Román Pablo , Albarrán-Arriagada Francisco , Retamal Juan Carlos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We implement a five-qubit protocol in IBM quantum processors to study entanglement dynamics in a two qubit system in the presence of a simulated environment. Specifically, two qubits represent the main system, while another two qubits serve as the environment. Additionally, we employ an auxiliary qubit to estimate the quantum entanglement. Specifically, we observe the sudden death and sudden birth of entanglement for different inital conditions that were simultaneously implemented on the IBM 127-qubit quantum processor ibm _brisbane. We obtain the quantum entanglement evolution of the main system qubits and the environment qubits averaging over N = 10 independent experiments in the same quantum device. Our experimental data shows the entanglement and disentanglement signatures in system and enviroment qubits, where the noisy nature of current quantum processors produce a shift on times signaling sudden death or sudden birth of entanglement. This work takes relevance showing the usefulness of current noisy quantum devices to test fundamental concepts in quantum information.
Investigating improvement in the performance of WS2 absorber layer based thin film solar cell with a hole transport layer of Indium Telluride
Authors: Pandey Bhasker , Mishra Rajan , Chauhan R K , Patel Alok Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this work, Tungsten Disulfide (WS2) is used as absorber layer with Indium Telluride (In2Te3) as hole transport layer and a comparison is made between the devices without and with hole transport layer. Analysis is carried out by varying thickness of WS2, Acceptor concentration of WS2, Interface defects, Temperature, Surface recombination velocities, Series and Shunt Resistances. It is observed that by introducing hole transport layer of Indium Telluride, carrier recombination losses can be restricted and the power conversion efficiency of proposed solar cell can be raised significantly. The efficiency of Tungsten Disulfide absorber layer based solar cell is 23.13% when hole transport layer is not inserted, whereas by incorporating a hole transport layer of Indium Telluride, it is increased to 25.37%. SCAPS-1D is used for simulation of the model.
Astrometry as a Tool for Discovering and Weighing Faint Companions to Nearby Stars
Authors: Brandt Timothy D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This tutorial covers the use of absolute astrometry, in particular from the combination of the Hipparcos and Gaia missions, to identify faint companions to nearby stars and to measure the masses and orbits of those companions. Absolute astrometry has been used with increasing success to discover new planets and brown dwarfs and to measure masses and orbits for systems with periods as long as centuries. This tutorial summarizes the nature of the underlying astrometric data, the approach typically used to fit orbits, and the assumptions about that data implicit throughout the process. It attempts to provide intuition for the sensitivity of astrometry as a function of stellar and companion properties and how the available constraints depend on the character and quantity of data available. This tutorial is written for someone with some background in astronomy but with no more than a minimal acquaintance with astrometry or orbit fitting.
The Astrometric Performance of the China Space Station Telescope (CSST) Sky Survey in Extending the Gaia Celestial Reference Frame
Authors: Yao Jun , Liu Jia-Cheng , Liu Niu , Zhu Zi , Wang Zhen-Wei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The multi-color imaging sky survey conducted by the China Space Station Telescope (CSST) holds significant promise for advancing the development of the celestial reference frame. In this study, we focus on assessing the astrometric performance of the CSST celestial reference frame (CSST-CRF) in extending the Gaia Celestial Reference Frame 3 (Gaia-CRF3). First, the orientation precision of the CSST reference frame is evaluated using a simulated set of extragalactic sources with CSST g magnitudes ranging from 18 to 25 mag. The estimated orientation uncertainty caused by random error insignificantly affects the alignment between Gaia-CRF3 and the CSST-CRF. Then, the systematic effect of incomplete CSST sky coverage on the alignment between CSST-CRF and Gaia-CRF3 is discussed by analyzing the differences between the subset of Gaia-CRF3 in the CSST observation region (Gaia-CRF3′) and Gaia-CRF3 as a whole. Using the third International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3) S/X band as an intermediate reference frame, the orientation offset between Gaia-CRF3′ and Gaia-CRF3 is estimated to be 20 μas. This offset is marginally larger than the orientation offset between Gaia-CRF3 and the ICRF3, approximately 15 μas. The residual spin and glide rate of Gaia-CRF3′ are derived from the proper motions, consistent with that of Gaia-CRF3 within the formal error. Finally, we explore the role of CSST in establishing a multi-band celestial reference frame by comparing its limiting magnitude and observation accuracy with existing catalogs in the infrared and ultraviolet bands. Thanks to its broad wavelength coverage and high-precision measurements, CSST is well-positioned to make significant contributions to the development of a multi-band celestial reference frame.