bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Overcoming Intrinsic Resistance to Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma through the Redox Modulation
Authors: Ju Huai-Qiang , Gocho Takeshi , Aguilar Mitzi , Wu Min , Zhuang Zhuo-Nan , Fu Jie , Yanaga Katsuhiko , Huang Peng , Chiao Paul J. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) frequently develops therapeutic resistances, which can be divided into extrinsic and intrinsic resistance. The extrinsic resistance that arises from the surrounding dense tumor stroma is much better understood. However, the mechanisms of intrinsic resistance are not well understood. Here, we report that reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by gemcitabine treatment, a newly discovered cytotoxic activity, served as a probe in our study to reveal the mechanisms of the intrinsic therapeutic resistance. Our results showed that gemcitabine-induced ROS is generated by NOX and through the increase of p22−phox expression via NF-κB activation. As a feedback mechanism, nuclear translocation of Nrf2 stimulated the transcription of cytoprotective antioxidant genes, especially genes encoding enzymes that catalyze glutathione (GSH) production to reduce elevated ROS as an intrinsic resistance countermeasure. RNAi-mediated depletion of Nrf2 or addition of β-phenylethyl isothiocyanate inhibited the ROS detoxification process by reducing GSH levels, which, in turn, increased the efficacy of gemcitabine in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our study suggests that a redox-mediated pathway contributes to the intrinsic resistance of PDAC to gemcitabine and provides a basis for developing strategies to preferentially kill PDAC cells through ROS-mediated mechanism. The combination of gemcitabine and PEITC has a selective cytotoxic effect against pancreatic cancer cells in vivo and could thus prove valuable as a cancer treatment. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(3); 788–98. ©2014 AACR.
Commentary: A Journal of Research in Occupational Therapy: The Response, the Responsibility
Authors: West Wilma L. 
Published: December 2014

In the preceding guest editorial, Llorens has presented a philosophical and historical review of the several internal persuasions which culminated in our newest professional publication. This further introduction to The Occupational Therapy Journal of Research (OTJR) will address generic as well as profession-particular aspects of three stages in its evolution. That evolution will be viewed both retrospectively with reference to antecedents and prospectively in the form of plans for further development. The context for both past and future views conceives research along a continuum from generation, through dissemination, to utilization.
A Comparison of the ROM Dance Home Exercise/Rest Program with Traditional Routines
Authors: Van Deusen Julia , Harlowe Diane 
Published: December 2014

This study compared adults with rheumatoid arthritis who participated in the experimental ROM Dance Program and adults on traditional home exercise/rest regimes. The ROM Dance Program incorporates principles based on the intrinsic value of meaningful occupation with principles from an ancient Chinese exercise form. Self-reports, body image data, and joint range measures were analyzed prior to the experiment, immediately following ROM Dance participation, and again four months later. At four-months follow-up, program participants perceived the ROM Dance as more beneficial, more enjoyable, and performed with greater frequency than did control group members of their traditional exercise regimen. This suggests that a major advantage of the ROM Dance Program is motivational. Control group members described their arms and hands in a more positive way than did ROM Dance participants. This suggests that the program's emphasis on body awareness may result in a more realistic but less positive body image. No meaningful differences were observed for range of motion measures.
Specification of Daily Living Skills for Persons with Chronic Mental Illness
Authors: Leonardelli Carol A. 
Published: December 2014

The study described here examined three issues: (a) therapists' perceptions of the relative value of certain daily living skills to function in chronically mentally ill persons, (b) the potential for clustering skills into defined groups, and (c) the relationship of therapists' perceptions of the relative value of these skills to the therapists' characteristics. An understanding of therapists' perceptions of the importance of certain skills to a clinical population assists in decision making regarding evaluation and treatment and can also assist in the process of establishing content validity for assessment instruments. The clustering of skills may suggest that different levels or categories of skills exist that may affect treatment. Recognition of the variables that influence the perceived value of skills to a clinical population aids in the understanding of the clinical reasoning process, especially if the terminology in a specific practice area varies or is not well defined. The results of this pilot study show that daily living skills for chronically mentally ill persons can be identified and clustered into groups representing different levels of function. The therapists' characteristics examined here did not seem to influence the perceived value of these skills.
Construct Validity of the Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests
Authors: Lai Jin-Shei , Fisher Anne G. , Magalhães Lívia C. , Bundy Anita C. 
Published: December 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the construct validity of the praxis tests of the Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests (SIPT) and to determine whether the practic component of sensory integration-based developmental dyspraxia is a unitary or a multidimensional disorder. Developmental dyspraxia is an impaired ability to plan and execute skilled or nonhabitual motor tasks; however, its underlying cause, or even whether praxis is a unitary or multidimensional function, is not yet clarified. In this study, the Rasch model of measurement (Linacre, 1989; Wright & Masters, 1982; Wright & Stone, 1979) was used to explore the underlying construct of developmental dyspraxia. The Rasch model was chosen because its use enabled us to (a) confirm goodness-of-fit of individual items within SIPT praxis tests and (b) examine the hierarchical structure of item difficulties. The data included the raw scores of the SIPT praxis tests of 210 subjects from Canada and the United States. The results of the Rasch analyses revealed that each of these five SIPT praxis tests measures a single, unidimensional construct. When the items from the five tests were combined to create a single 117-item test, the items continued to define a single practic function. This indicates that a unitary practic component underlies both bilateral integration and sequencing deficits and somatodyspraxia. Finally, examination of the hierarchy of item difficulties resulted in recommendations for the development of a single screening test for developmental dyspraxia. The implications of these results for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
Modulation of peripheral T-cell function by interleukin-7 in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Churchman Sarah M , El-Jawhari Jehan J , Burska Agata N , Parmar Rekha , Goëb Vincent , Conaghan Philip G , Emery Paul , Ponchel Frederique 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a cytokine essential for T-cell lymphopoiesis, survival and polarization with an emerging role in autoimmunity. We previously demonstrated reduced levels of circulating IL-7 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), although high amounts are expressed in joints, suggesting differences between systemic and synovial effects. We observed healthy levels of IL-7 in 48% of RA patients in clinical remission (CR) and aimed to investigate the consequences of IL-7 deficiency on T-cell responses.

Methods
We used RA patients with active disease and in CR presenting various levels of IL-7, to investigate its modulatory effects on T cells by analysing responses to phyto-haemagglutinin (PHA), expression of polarization or survival factors, or suppression by regulatory T cells (Tregs).

Results
IL-7 levels were normal (>10 pg/ml) in 48% of RA patients in CR. Amongst 63 CR patients followed up for 18 months, lack of IL-7 recovery was observed in 13 out of 15 (86%) patients experiencing relapse but only 11 out of 48 (23%) of those who did not (P = 0.0002). Binary regressions showed high significance for below normal IL-7 levels for self-reported maternal family history of arthritis (odds ratio (OR): 7.66, P = 0.006) and a trend for smoking (OR: 3.33, P = 0.068) with no further demographic or clinical associations. Serum IL-7 correlated with restored CD4+T-cell response to PHA (rho = 0.879); this was not related to an increase in T-cell proliferation capacity or expression of survival factors B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and BCL2-associated protein X (BAX). Expression of Th1 polarization factor (TBET) was also dependent on exposure to IL-7 in vivo (rho = 0.600). In contrast CD25highTregs’ response to PHA was not affected by in vivo IL-7, but their suppression capabilities were related to circulating IL-7 (rho = 0.589). Co-stimulation with IL-7 (mimicking the joint environment) increased responsiveness of CD4+T-cells to PHA, lowering the ability of CD25highTregs to suppress them.

Conclusions
Our data demonstrate that IL-7 has a critical role in modulating T-cell function in vivo, possibly explaining opposing effects observed systemically and in the joint. Lack of IL-7 recovery in CR by maintaining a suppressed immune system may be a determinant factor in the occurrence of relapse.
Brain nonapeptide and gonadal steroid responses to deprivation of heterosexual contact in the black molly
Authors: Kulczykowska Ewa , Kalamarz-Kubiak Hanna , Nietrzeba Marta , Gozdowska Magdalena 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT
Fish may respond to different social situations with changes in both physiology and behaviour. A unique feature of fish is that social interactions between males and females strongly affect the sexual characteristics of individuals. Here we provide the first insight into the endocrine background of two phenomena that occur in mono-sex groups of the black molly (Poecilia sphenops): masculinization in females and same-sex sexual behaviour, manifested by gonopodial displays towards same-sex tank mates and copulation attempts in males. In socially controlled situations, brain neurohormones impact phenotypic sex determination and sexual behaviour. Among these hormones are the nonapeptides arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT), counterparts of the well-known mammalian arginine vasopressin and oxytocin, respectively. To reveal potential hormone interactions, we measured the concentrations of bioactive AVT and IT in the brain, along with those of the sex steroids 17β-estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone in the gonads, of females, masculinized females, males displaying same-sex sexual behaviour and those who did not. These data were supplemented by morphological and histological analyses of the gonads. Correlations between brain nonapeptides and gonadal steroids strongly suggest a cross talk between hormonal systems. In the black molly, the masculinization process was associated with the production of brain AVT and gonadal steroids, whereas same-sex sexual behaviour involves both brain nonapeptides, but neither of the sex steroids. This study extends current knowledge of endocrine control of phenotypic sex and sexual behaviour in fish and for the first time links brain nonapeptides with the occurrence of male-male sexual behaviour in lower vertebrates.
Producing Christian docility: The female body in contemporary American evangelical dance
Authors: Wright Emily R. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Contemporary American evangelical dance, both in novice and professional iterations, is a burgeoning subculture, that in its pursuit of excellence in honour of God, deploys many of the dominant discourses of power utilized by western concert dance, such as ideal body type in terms of size, race and gender. In addition to these discourses, contemporary Christian dance establishes additional discourses of power designed to promote an evangelical Christian message through such elements as movement vocabulary, costume and musical accompaniment. Dance studies scholars have utilized Foucault’s notion of ‘docile bodies’ as a technology of power to investigate the practices of ballet pedagogy and performance in western concert dance in general. However, no scholars to date have looked at the particular ways in which these practices are implemented by the subculture of American evangelical dance. This article examines the practices of two contemporary, professional, Christian dance companies in terms of movement vocabulary and costume choices to uncover the complex ways in which these companies cultivate discourses of power that contribute to a particular kind of docile body, the docile body that is controlled, disciplined and de-eroticized for Christian worship. I argue that uncovering the ways in which these practices contribute to docility in Christian dance leads scholars to a greater understanding of the dynamics between religious beliefs and the body in contemporary society.
Serotonin is required for pharyngeal arch morphogenesis in zebrafish
Authors: Bashammakh Saleh , Würtele Martin , Kotnik Katarina , Abdelilah-Seyfried Salim , Bader Michael 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) is not only a neurotransmitter but also a mediator of developmental processes in vertebrates. In this study, we analyzed the importance of 5-HT during zebrafish development. The expression patterns of three zebrafish tryptophan hydroxylase isoforms (Tph1A, Tph1B, Tph2), the rate-limiting enzymes in 5-HT synthesis, were analyzed and compared to the appearance and distribution of 5-HT. 5-HT was found in the raphe nuclei correlating with tph2 expression and in the pineal gland correlating with tph1a and tph2 expressions. Tph2-deficient fish generated with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides exhibited morphogenesis defects during pharyngeal arch development. The correct specification of neural crest (NC) cells was not affected in tph2 morphants as shown by the expression of early markers, but the survival and differentiation of pharyngeal arch progenitor cells were impaired. An organizing role of 5-HT in pharyngeal arch morphogenesis was suggested by a highly regular pattern of 5-HT positive cells in this tissue. Moreover, the 5-HT2B receptor was expressed in the pharyngeal arches and its pharmacological inhibition also induced defects in pharyngeal arch morphogenesis. These results support an important role of Tph2-derived serotonin as a morphogenetic factor in the development of NC-derived tissues.
Muzyka sakralna w służbie tajemnic wiary
Authors: Królikowski Janusz 
Published: December 2014

Sacred music acts as a service for liturgy and is in fact the service for faith mysteries. So if you want to say something reasonable from a theological point of view on the theme: sacred music, its elements and ways of manifestation you have to begin with understanding of the mystery in the faith of the Church and in the theology. This article treats therefore of the mentioned above. In this way there is emphasized that if you talk about sacred music you can speak about it only on the basis of faith in the mystery thus creating the right spiritual climate in which the music can be experienced and further creatively developed.There is paid particular attention to the issue of worship being the appropriate environment to use sacred music and the reference point for its creation. The point is the music is supposed to serve in deeper experiencing of faith mysteries in worship. The final conclusion is as follows: the mystery, whose sacred music is in fact on service, is the mystery of „spirit and truth” (Jn 4, 23). If sacred music subordinates to spirit and truth of the faith mystery and does not treat itself as another reality, the music will be always open to the mystery realizing its the most appropriate function to lead a man to joy in God, whose fullness is achieved in an attitude of adoration.
Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers (ok. 1632–1714) – ostatni z „przedklasyków” czy pierwszy z klasyków?
Authors: Ferfoglia Susi 
Published: December 2014

In the French music the period 1665–1703 is the time of great changes, when the style known generally as classical organ music of the so-called Grand Siècle took its shape. Among the numerous composers active during that period was Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers, organist of Saint-Sulpice – one of the most eminent Parisian churches. His career developed in connection with the church, the convent of Benedictine nuns as well as the school for noble young ladies in Saint-Cyr-l’École. That is why Nivers composed only church music. His works, collected in three organ books and in the Thièry manuscript (ascribed to him), are representative of French music composed in the 17th–18th cent. It was the tradition associated with alternatim technique, with alternating sections in organ verses and chant. The thee organ books by Nivers constitute a large opus which includes numerous genres characteristic for the period; Nivers worked on all of them systematically, which led to their development, especially in liturgical music.On the one hand, Nivers was „pre-classical”, which can be seen in his use of Gregorian cantus firmus (Mass, Hymns, Sequences), from which his contemporaries would largely depart, as well as in the „modal thinking”, especially in the works included in the Premier and Troisième Livre d’Orgue. On the other hand, his oeuvre opened the door to welcome the new period, which can be seen primarily in the „new style” – melodious, based on meticulously chosen registers, varied according to the character of a particular piece and its place in liturgy.
Z dziejów organów w kościele parafialnym w Ryglicach (diecezja tarnowska)
Authors: Szymanowicz Maria , Gładysz Andrzej 
Published: December 2014

The parish in Ryglice was created in 14th century. The currently existing church was built in the years 1928–1940. Basing on the archives it has been discovered that there were four instruments used in the churches of Ryglice:– Organs built before 1647 (14 voices);– Organs from 1721 (12 voices);Organs built by Rudolf Haase from Lwów in 1909 (12 voices), in 1957 extended to 18 voices by Stanisław Czachor from Tuchów;– Organs built by Mieczysław Gwóźdź from Nowy Sącz in 1991 (25 voices). This instrument has been still existing and being used in the parish church in Ryglice as the accompaniment during the devotions.The first and last names of the 9 organists working in Ryglice have also been identified. Kazimierz Zając (father of the Rev. Prof. Andrzej Zając), who had been on this duty for 40 years, is also among them.
Wszechświat – Boska muzyka
Authors: Maziarka Tomasz 
Published: December 2014

The nature of music and the nature of the universe reveals a lot of common features. Similarity of both was perceived in mythical era; the world of music and the world of astronomy was devoted under patronage of the sisters – the divine Muses. The discovery of the mathematical nature of the musical intervals, which was made by Pythagoras ordered him to base the harmony of the universe on the numerical relations and to recognize that music accompanies the revolution of the heavenly spheres. Plato gave the „music of the spheres” geometric form, and in the Middle Ages, when the Christianity assimilated the idea of the world as a rational structure, harmonia mundi was a model for the composers as well as for ascetic struggles. Modern times and characteristic development of natural sciences, very clearly supported the argument that the world is mathematical. Metaphorical approach of the modern String Theory, which describes the evolution of the first moments of the universe, permits to assign to God the role of the Great Musician who „playing on the strings” – creates the universe.
Orthognathic Surgeries in Patients with Congenital Craniofacial Anomalies: Profile and Hospitalization Outcomes
Authors: Allareddy Veerasathpurush 
Published: December 2014

Objective To examine the occurrence of complications in patients with congenital facial anomalies who underwent orthognathic surgeries and to identify the role of patient-related factors in occurrence of complications. Design Retrospective analysis of hospital discharge database. Setting Nationwide inpatient sample for the years 2004 to 2010. All patients with a diagnosis of cleft lip and/or palate or congenital craniofacial anomalies and who had an orthognathic surgery were selected. Interventions Orthognathic surgery. Main Outcome Measures Occurrence of complications. Results During the study period, a total of 8340 patients with congenital craniofacial anomalies underwent orthognathic surgeries. The overall complication rate was 9.1%. Six different complications (bacterial infections, hemorrhage, postoperative pneumonia, iatrogenic-induced complications such as accidental punctures/lacerations or pneumothorax, other infections, and respiratory complications) occurred in at least 1% of all patients having orthognathic surgeries. Ninety-five percent of patients were discharged routinely after surgery. Patients with high comorbid burden are at a higher risk for developing complications ( P < .05) Conclusions The current study findings indicate that orthognathic surgeries can be safely performed in patients with congenital craniofacial anomalies. The present study results reflect the practice patterns and hospitalization outcomes across the country and could serve as benchmarks for future well-designed prospective controlled studies to examine risk factors associated with complications for not only orthognathic surgeries but also for a wider range of surgical procedures.
Does Use of Unbordered Plots Affect Estimation of Upland Rice Yield?
Authors: Saito Kazuki , Dieng Ibnou , Vandamme Elke , Johnson Jean‐Martial , Futakuchi Koichi 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTAdvance in crop genomics have led to a demand for more accurate and precise phenotyping of a large number of genotypes for discovering genes and mechanisms underpinning important agronomic traits. The use of unbordered plots for field phenotyping is one approach for reducing the resources needed, but competition effects between neighboring lines may confound varietal performance. Four field experiments were conducted in Benin to examine whether grain yields of 14 diverse upland rice (Oryza sativa spp.) varieties determined in unbordered one‐row or two‐row plots differ from those measured in self‐bordered four‐row plots and to examine if statistical models including covariates based on plant characteristics (height, panicle number, and days to heading) for correcting competition effect can improve the estimation of the yield in unbordered plots. Mean grain yield across all varieties ranged from 118 to 378 g m−2 in four experiments. There was no significant variety × row number interaction effect on grain yield, except for the highest yielding experiment. In that experiment, the variety × row number interaction was significant for one‐row versus four‐row plots, but not for two‐row versus four‐row plots. In one‐row plots in this high‐yielding experiment, the neighborhood covariate model based on panicle number improved residual mean square by 20%, but relative selection intensity by 3% only. Similarly, the covariate models based on height or panicle number in both one‐ and two‐row plots in the other experiments improved just 4%. We conclude that unbordered one‐ or two‐row plots can provide reasonable estimates of grain yield of upland rice without any bias due to competition effects, except for high‐yielding one‐row plots (>350 g m−2).