bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near Misses in High–Risk Occupations
Authors: Yorio Patrick L. , Wachter Jan K. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn this study, the authors hypothesize that safety‐specific job engagement is important to prevent occupational near misses in high‐risk occupations. The authors also hypothesize that safety program–focused justice perceptions and the absence of job distractions provide the workplace conditions necessary to support this engagement. Further, safety‐specific job engagement mediates the prediction of occupational near misses by justice perceptions and job distractions. Results of a survey administered to 2,488 full‐time employees working in the manufacturing, nuclear research and production, and mining industries provide support for the hypothesized relationships among the individual constructs and partial support for the mediation hypothesis. Through structural equation modeling, the authors found that safety‐specific job engagement mediated the relationship between safety program–focused justice perceptions and near misses. Another finding was that the relationship among job distractions, safety‐specific job engagement, and near misses is more complex, and a clear understanding of their relationship is subject to future investigation.
Exploring the Role of Valence and Regulation Type on the Emotional Antecedents of Burnout
Authors: Packell Kathryn , Narayan Anupama 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe examined the predictive relationships between distinct types of emotional regulation and psychological burnout in a sample of 85 practicing nurse professionals. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to predict emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy from the genuine expression, faking, and suppression of discrete positive and negative emotions. The genuine expression of negative emotions predicted emotional exhaustion, and the genuine expression of positive emotions predicted cynicism and reduced professional efficacy. Results highlight the value of distinguishing among emotional valences and regulation types when examining the emotional antecedents of worker stress.
Children with a history of prematurity presenting with snoring and sleep‐disordered breathing
Authors: Manuel Anura , Witmans Manisha , El‐Hakim Hamdy 
Published: April 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo report on the prevalence of premature (PM) birth in a consecutive series of children treated for snoring and sleep‐disordered breathing (S/SDB), the parameters specific to their management and variables predictive of disease severity.Study DesignA retrospective study was undertaken at a tertiary pediatric hospital.MethodsChildren with history of PM and presenting with S/SDB were identified from a prospectively kept surgical database. We set out to determine the prevalence of PM among the patients presenting with S/SDB who required airway evaluations and surgery. Pulse oximetry is overnight recordable oxygen saturation and heart rate tracing that provides information about hypoxemia during sleep. This was performed on all children preoperatively. The pulse oximetry findings were used to plan for perioperative monitoring and care. A multivariable analysis was used to identify factors predictive of abnormal pulse oximetry studies. We evaluated the associated diagnoses, surgical procedures required, and response to treatment in these selected children.ResultsFifty‐seven out of 1,038 patients were PM (33 males; mean age, 62.09±34.91 months; range, 4–190 months). The mean gestational age was 30.3±4.0 weeks. The prevalence rate of PM among patients treated surgically for SDB is 5.5% (95% CI 5.2–5.8) at our center. Comorbid pulmonary and gastrointestinal disorders were encountered on 23 (40%) and 17 (29.8%) occasions, respectively, and were the most commonly encountered comorbid diagnostic categories. Large airway abnormalities were encountered in 11 (19.3%) children, and the most common were subglottic stenosis (four) and laryngeal paralysis (four). Comorbid respiratory disease was negatively predictive of abnormal pulse oximetry (coefficient −0.35, P<.05). Postoperative respiratory outcomes correlated with abnormal pulse oximetry (coefficient 0.3; P<.05).ConclusionsOur findings suggest children with PM presenting to pediatric otolaryngology require a comprehensive evaluation for S/SDB. A significant proportion of children with S/SDB and a history of PM frequently had pulmonary and gastrointestinal comorbidities in our cohort. One‐half required admission postoperatively, and these were predictable based on preoperative pulse oximetry. Respiratory comorbidity was negatively predictive of severity of SDB. Inversely, children with untreated pulmonary comorbidities are more likely to have postoperative complications.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 123:2030–2034, 2013
Bandgap and Molecular‐Energy‐Level Control of Conjugated‐Polymer Photovoltaic Materials Based on 6,12‐Dihydro‐diindeno[1,2‐b;10,20‐e]pyrazine
Authors: Shen Ping , Liu Xinping , Tang Peng , Zhao Bin , Wang Ling , Weng Chao , Cao Jing , Wu Yongxiang , Chen Ya , Tan Songting 
Published: April 2013

AbstractSix conjugated polymers based on the indenopyrazine (IPY) unit are designed and synthesized by copolymerization with different electron‐deficient and electron‐rich building blocks. All of the polymers show good solubility, excellent film‐forming ability, and low‐lying highest occupied molecular orbit (HOMO) energy levels. The effects of the different copolymerized units on the optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties are investigated. Results indicate that their bandgaps and molecular energy levels are readily tuned by copolymerizing with electron‐deficient and electron‐rich units. Polymer solar‐cell devices are fabricated utilizing the polymers as electron donors and [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as an electron acceptor. The best power conversion efficiency of the cell based on PIPY‐DTBTA, one of the IPY‐ based polymers, reaches 0.77%, with a relatively high Voc up to 0.78 V.
magnified image
Fast magnetization transfer and apparent T1 imaging using a short saturation pulse with and without inversion preparation
Authors: Kim Tae , Shin Wanyong , Kim Seong‐Gi 
Published: April 2013

PurposeMeasurements of magnetization transfer (MT) metrics, such as the steady‐state (SS) MT ratio and apparent longitudinal relaxation rate require multiple MT irradiation durations and a long experimental time. To overcome these problems, we propose a novel method using a short MT off‐resonance pulse with and without on‐resonance inversion preparation pulse.Theory and MethodsComputer simulations were performed to examine the accuracy of the proposed method and to find the optimal off‐resonance irradiation pulse duration (Tirad) and power level (ω1). Our approach, with echo planar imaging data acquisition, was applied to animals at 9.4 T and humans at 3 T with ω1/2π = 100 Hz and 177 Hz, respectively. Steady‐state MT ratio and relaxation rate were obtained from a pair of MT images at a Tirad, with and without inversion.ResultsFor Tirad ≥ 0.4 s, steady‐state MT ratio, and relaxation rate measured at any single Tirad agreed well with those of the conventional fitting method that uses multiple Tirad. Our simulation indicates that a higher ω1 can use a shorter Tirad.ConclusionSteady‐state MT ratio and relaxation rate can be determined from MT data with only one, short Tirad by incorporation of an inversion prepulse. This MT imaging approach is simple, fast, and easily implementable. Magn Reson Med 71:1264–1271, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Psychological distress in African American grandmothers raising grandchildren: The contribution of child behavior problems, physical health, and family resources
Authors: Kelley Susan J. , Whitley Deborah M. , Campos Peter E. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDiminished psychological health has been identified among caregiving grandmothers. The intent of this investigation was to examine psychological distress levels, as well as their predictors, in a sample of 480 caregiving African American grandmothers, mean age 56 years. Almost 40% (39.8%) of participants had clinically elevated psychological distress scores. Results of hierarchical multiple regression indicated that internalizing and externalizing child behavior problems, poor grandmother physical health, younger age of grandmother, and lack of family resources predicted 31% of the variance in psychological distress. Results provide direction for nursing interventions aimed at enhancing the psychological well‐being of caregiving grandmothers. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 36: 373–385, 2013
Testing the efficacy of culturally adapted coping skills training for Chinese American immigrants with type 2 diabetes using community‐based participatory research
Authors: Chesla Catherine A. , Chun Kevin M. , Kwan Christine M.L. , Mullan Joseph T. , Kwong Yulanda , Hsu Lydia , Huang Peggy , Strycker Lisa A. , Shum Tina , To Diana , Kao Rudy , Waters Catherine M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractChinese Americans demonstrate greater prevalence of diabetes than non‐Hispanic whites and find standard diabetes care disregards their cultural health beliefs. Academic researchers and Chinatown agencies collaborated to culturally adapt and test an efficacious cognitive‐behavioral intervention using community‐based participatory research. Using a delayed‐treatment repeated‐measures design, 145 adult Chinese immigrants with Type 2 diabetes completed treatment. Immediate benefits of treatment were evident in the improvement (p < .05) in diabetes self‐efficacy, diabetes knowledge, bicultural efficacy, family emotional and instrumental support, diabetes quality of life, and diabetes distress. Prolonged benefits were evident in all changed variables 2 months post‐intervention. The CBPR approach enabled the development of a culturally acceptable, efficacious behavioral intervention, and provides a model for working with communities that demonstrate health disparities. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 36: 359–372, 2013
Microgel particles: The structure‐property relationships and their biomedical applications
Authors: Dai Zhuojun , Ngai To 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTMicrogels are crosslinked soft particles with a three‐dimensional network structure that are swollen in a good solvent. They have frequently been termed “smart materials” since the size, softness, and interaction forces between particles are tunable by external stimuli such as temperature, pH, or magnetic and electric fields. It is this unique feature that has captured the interest of many scientists across a wide range of disciplines. This brief review covers the basic aspects of the relationships between the network structure and gel properties of the thermally sensitive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) microgels including the phase transition process, the internal structure of microgels, and the phase behavior. Additionally, we highlight the impacts of microgels on the biomedical applications, especially in the gene delivery, cell matrix and differentiation of stem cells. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2995–3003
The benefits of being self‐determined in promoting physical activity and affective well‐being among women recently treated for breast cancer
Authors: Brunet Jennifer , Burke Shaunna M. , Sabiston Catherine M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPurposeIn this study, changes in motivational regulations in women following treatment for breast cancer were described. Changes in motivational regulations as predictors of subsequent change in light and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (PA) and affect were also examined.MethodsWomen [n = 150; Mage = 54.41 (SD = 10.87) years] completed self‐report questionnaires and wore an accelerometer for 7 days at Time 1 [M = 3.94 (SD = 3.08) months following primary treatment], as well as 3 (Time 2) and 6 (Time 3) months later. Data were analyzed using repeated‐measures analysis of variance and path analysis using residual change scores.ResultsIdentified regulation and self‐determined motivation (i.e., combined intrinsic motivation and identified regulation) scores decreased over time (p < 0.05). In the path model [χ2(4) = 5.66, p = 0.22, root mean square error of approximation = 0.05 (90% CI: 0.0; 0.15), comparative fit index = 0.99, standardized root mean square of the residuals = 0.03], ΔTime1–2 in external regulation was associated with ΔTime2–3 in positive affect (β = −0.16), ΔTime1–2 in introjected (β = 0.25) and amotivation (β = 0.19) were related to ΔTime2–3 in negative affect, and ΔTime1–2 in self‐determined motivation was related to ΔTime2–3 in positive affect (β = 0.40) and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (β = 0.21).ConclusionsChanges in motivational regulations were related to changes in PA and affect in the aftermath of breast cancer. Given the benefits of self‐determined motivation, additional research is needed to develop and test interventions aimed at enhancing this type of motivation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Promoting Early Literacy via Practicing Invented Spelling: A Comparison of Different Mediation Routines
Authors: Levin Iris , Aram Dorit 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe present study compared the effects of different mediation routines provided to kindergartners from families of low socioeconomic status on the students' invented spelling attempts and on their gains obtained on spelling and other early literacy skills (letter naming, sounds of letters, word segmentation, and word decoding). The effects of the spelling mediation routines were assessed beyond the contribution of the students' self‐regulation and baseline literacy levels. Participants (N = 197, mean age = 5.5 years) were randomly divided into four groups within each of 10 classrooms. Three groups underwent individual intervention sessions of inventing five words' spellings twice weekly for 16 weeks. Group 1 experienced process–product mediation, providing information both on the process of inventing spelling (sound‐to‐grapheme mapping) and on the product (naming the letters and spelling the word). Group 2 experienced product mediation only. Group 3 experienced spelling with no mediation. Group 4 (no intervention) experienced the regular kindergarten curriculum. Results indicate that the process–product mediation routine was most productive for all students, both in the short and long term, beyond their self‐regulation and baseline early literacy levels. Students who started with higher self‐regulation and poorer early literacy skills gained more from training. The results question the assumption, shared by previous studies, that promotion of invented spelling should be by providing students with one‐step‐up solutions to compare with those they produced, because the process–product mediation was most productive for students of a wide range of spelling levels.
Optofluidic Platform for Real‐Time Monitoring of Live Cell Secretory Activities Using Fano Resonance in Gold Nanoslits
Authors: Wu Shu‐Han , Lee Kuang‐Li , Chiou Arthur , Cheng Xuanhong , Wei Pei‐Kuen 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAn optofluidic platform for real‐time monitoring of live cell secretory activities is constructed via Fano resonance in a gold nanoslit array. Large‐area and highly sensitive gold nanoslits with a period of 500 nm are fabricated on polycarbonate films using the thermal‐annealed template‐stripping method. The coupling between gap plasmon resonance in the slits and surface plasmon polariton Bloch waves forms a sharp Fano resonance with intensity sensitivity greater than 11 000% per refractive index unit. The nanoslit array is integrated with a cell‐trapping microfluidic device to monitor dynamic secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‐9) from human acute monocytic leukemia cells in situ. Upon continuous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, MMP‐9 secretion is detected within 2 h due to ultrahigh surface sensitivity and close proximity of the sensor to the target cells. In addition to the advantage of detecting early cell responses, the sensor also allows interrogation of cell secretion dynamics. Furthermore, the average secretion per cell measured using our system well matches previous reports while it requires orders of magnitude less cells. The optofluidic platform may find applications in fundamental studies of cell functions and diagnostics based on secretion signals.
A Simulation‐Based Approach in Support of Project Management Training for Systems Engineers
Authors: Cohen Izack , Iluz Michal , Shtub Avraham 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTProject management is taught in most systems engineering graduate programs. Project management courses and training aids traditionally focus on aspects of project scope—for instance, scheduling and resource allocation methods—and tend to neglect product scope elements such as system performance. This article offers a simulation‐based approach for project management training that integrates project and product aspects within simulation training. The result is an integrated approach that guides the trainee through the initiation, conceptual design, planning and execution phases of the simulated project. The trainee explores the tradeoffs between project and product constraints and demands—just as if he or she were working on a real job. A pilot experiment that we conducted and the trainees' evaluations of the simulation provide an initial indication that the proposed approach is efficient, motivating us to suggest a framework for its use in systems engineering programs.
Conditional inference given partial information in contingency tables using Markov bases
Authors: Karwa Vishesh , Slavkovic Aleksandra 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn this article, we review a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm for performing conditional inference in contingency tables in the presence of partial information using Markov bases, a key tool arising from the area known as algebraic statistics. We review applications of this algorithm to the problems of conditional exact tests, ecological inference, and disclosure limitation and illustrate how these problems fall naturally in the setting of inference with partial information. We also discuss some issues associated with computing Markov bases which are needed as an input to the algorithm.WIREs Comput Stat2013, 5:207–218. doi: 10.1002/wics.1256This article is categorized under:Data: Types and Structure > Traditional Statistical Data
Permeability evolution in carbonate fractures: Competing roles of confining stress and fluid pH
Authors: Ishibashi Takuya , McGuire Thomas P. , Watanabe Noriaki , Tsuchiya Noriyoshi , Elsworth Derek 
Published: April 2013

Key Points
We explore the permeability evolution of fractures in carbonate rock.
Permeability evolution transits from increasing to decreasing.
Pressure solution and free face dissolution causes permeability evolution.
The role of the DEAD‐box RNA helicase DDX3 in mRNA metabolism
Authors: Soto‐Rifo Ricardo , Ohlmann Théophile 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDDX3 belongs to the DEAD‐box proteins, a large family of ATP‐dependent RNA helicases that participate in all aspects of RNA metabolism. Human DDX3 is a component of several messenger ribonucleoproteins that are found in the spliceosome, the export and the translation initiation machineries but also in different cytoplasmic mRNA granules. DDX3 has been involved in several cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, apoptosis, cancer, innate immune response, and also as a host factor for viral replication. Interestingly, not all these functions require the catalytic activities of DDX3 and thus, the precise roles of this apparently multifaceted protein remain largely obscure. The aim of this review is to provide a rapid and critical overview of the structure and functions of DDX3 with a particular emphasis on its role during mRNA metabolism. WIREs RNA 2013, 4:369–385. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1165This article is categorized under:

RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
Introducing Video‐Assisted Thoracoscopy for Trauma into a South African Township Hospital
Authors: Oosthuizen George V. , Clarke Damian L. , Laing Grant L. , Bruce John , Kong Victor Y. , Van Staden Nadia , Muckart David J. J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe use of video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is well established in trauma practice. This modality is readily available to centers with well‐equipped operating facilities but may be challenging to introduce into resource‐constrained institutions such as many South African township hospitals. We implemented VATS for retained post‐traumatic pleural collections in our institution in 2007, and we have now performed an audit of the first 3 years of our experience.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients who had undergone VATS from June 2007 to May 2010, and statistical analysis was performed to elucidate the findings.ResultsForty‐three patients were examined, 40 of whom (93 %) were male. The mean age was 32 years (range: 15–52 years). Thirty‐five patients (81 %) had stab injuries, 6 (14 %) had blunt injuries, and 2 (4 %) had gunshot wounds. Mean time from injury to VATS was 12.4 days (range: 3–31 days). Thirteen patients (30 %) had empyema at the time of VATS. The mean time from VATS to discharge was 9 days (range: 3–30 days). The postoperative complication rate was 14 % and included pneumonia (n = 3) and re‐collections (n = 3, two of which were managed by reinsertion of a chest drain, and one cleared without further intervention). Further analysis revealed a longer postoperative length of stay when empyema was present at VATS (8 days for no empyema vs. 11 days when empyema was present; p = 0.027). The incidence of empyema increased progressively the longer the delay between injury and VATS (0 % for VATS performed in week 1, 32 % for VATS in week 2, 50 % for VATS in week 3, and 60 % for VATS beyond week 3; p = 0.019). The incidence of empyema increased when >1 chest drain was inserted prior to VATS (15 % for 0–1 chest drain vs. 43 % for >1 chest drain; p = 0.043).ConclusionsIntroducing VATS for retained post‐traumatic collections into a relatively resource‐constrained township hospital in South Africa is safe and effective. Consideration should be given to performing VATS early and avoiding the use of a second and third chest drain for retained collections. This approach may lead to decreased incidence of empyema and shorter overall hospital stay.