bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The inflammatory cytokine TNFα cooperates with Ras in elevating metastasis and turns WT-Ras to a tumor-promoting entity in MCF-7 cells
Authors: Leibovich-Rivkin Tal , Liubomirski Yulia , Meshel Tsipi , Abashidze Anastasia , Brisker Daphna , Solomon Hilla , Rotter Varda , Weil Miguel , Ben-Baruch Adit 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundIn the present study we determined the relative contribution of two processes to breast cancer progression: (1) Intrinsic events, such as activation of the Ras pathway and down-regulation of p53; (2) The inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β, shown in our published studies to be highly expressed in tumors of >80% of breast cancer patients with recurrent disease.MethodsUsing MCF-7 human breast tumor cells originally expressing WT-Ras and WT-p53, we determined the impact of the above-mentioned elements and cooperativity between them on the expression of CXCL8 (ELISA, qRT-PCR), a member of a “cancer-related chemokine cluster” that we have previously identified. Then, we determined the mechanisms involved (Ras-binding-domain assays, Western blot, luciferase), and tested the impact of Ras + TNFα on angiogenicity (chorioallantoic membrane assays) and on tumor growth at the mammary fat pad of mice and on metastasis, in vivo.ResultsUsing RasG12Vthat recapitulates multiple stimulations induced by receptor tyrosine kinases, we found that RasG12Valone induced CXCL8 expression at the mRNA and protein levels, whereas down-regulation of p53 did not. TNFα and IL-1β potently induced CXCL8 expression and synergized with RasG12V, together leading to amplified CXCL8 expression. Testing the impact of WT-Ras, which is the common form in breast cancer patients, we found that WT-Ras was not active in promoting CXCL8; however, TNFα has induced the activation of WT-Ras: joining these two elements has led to cooperative induction of CXCL8 expression, via the activation of MEK, NF-κB and AP-1. Importantly, TNFα has led to increased expression of WT-Ras in an active GTP-bound form, with properties similar to those of RasG12V. Jointly, TNFα + Ras activities have given rise to increased angiogenesis and to elevated tumor cell dissemination to lymph nodes.ConclusionsTNFα cooperates with Ras in promoting the metastatic phenotype of MCF-7 breast tumor cells, and turns WT-Ras into a tumor-supporting entity. Thus, in breast cancer patients the cytokine may rescue the pro-cancerous potential of WT-Ras, and together these two elements may lead to a more aggressive disease. These findings have clinical relevance, suggesting that we need to consider new therapeutic regimens that inhibit Ras and TNFα, in breast cancer patients.
Practice characteristics and prior authorization costs: secondary analysis of data collected by SALT-Net in 9 central New York primary care practices
Authors: Epling John W , Mader Emily M , Morley Christopher P 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
An increase in prior authorization (PA) requirements from health insurance companies is placing administrative and financial burdens on primary care offices across the United States. As time allocation for these cases continues to grow, physicians are concerned with additional workload and inefficiency in the workplace. The objective is to estimate the effects of practice characteristics on time spent per prior authorization request in primary care practices.

Methods
Secondary analysis was performed using data on nine primary care practices in Central New York. Practice characteristics and demographics were collected at the onset of the study. In addition, participants were instructed to complete an "event form" (EF) to document each prior authorization event during a 4–6 week period; prior authorizations included requests for medication as well as other health care services. Stepwise Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression was used to model Time in Minutes of each event as an outcome of various factors.

Results
Prior authorization events (N = 435) took roughly 20 minutes to complete (beta = 20.017, p < .001); Medicaid requests took less time (beta = −6.085, p < .001), and Electronic Health Record (EHR) system use reduced prior authorization time by about 5 minutes (beta = −5.086, p = .002).

Conclusions
While prior authorization events impose substantial costs to primary care offices, it appears that Medicaid requests take less time than private payer requests. Results from the study provide support that Electronic Health Record usage may also reduce time required to complete prior authorization requests.
Higher serum soluble receptor for advanced glycation end product levels and lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Japanese adult men: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Momma Haruki , Niu Kaijun , Kobayashi Yoritoshi , Huang Cong , Chujo Masahiko , Otomo Atsushi , Tadaura Hiroko , Miyata Toshio , Nagatomi Ryoichi 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
Although several studies showed that decreased soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), inflammation level has not been considered, even though ligand–RAGE interaction induces inflammation. The objective of the study was to determine the association between sRAGE and MetS among Japanese adult in a cross-sectional survey, taking the level of low grade inflammation into consideration.

Methods
Serum soluble RAGE (sRAGE) were measured in 712 men and 176 women aged 30–83 years with serum C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration below 3 mg/L. MetS was defined using the criteria of the American Heart Association Scientific Statements of 2009.

Results
After multivariable adjustment, among men, higher sRAGE levels were associated with lower odds of MetS as well as central obesity and elevated blood pressure. Comparing the extreme tertiles of sRAGE, odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 0.58 (0.36–0.95; P for trend = 0.001) for MetS; 0.41 (0.25–0.52; P for trend < 0.001) for central obesity; and 0.45 (0.29–0.70; P for trend < 0.001) for elevated blood pressure. Moreover, participants were categorized according to their median hsCRP and sRAGE values. Men in the higher hsCRP/higher sRAGE category had a 40% lower odds ratio for MetS than those in the higher hsCRP/lower sRAGE category (P = 0.031). Among women, there was no association between sRAGE levels and the prevalence of MetS.

Conclusions
Higher circulating RAGE concentrations were associated with lower prevalence of MetS and its components among Japanese men.
T-helper 17 cell cytokines and interferon type I: partners in crime in systemic lupus erythematosus?
Authors: Brkic Zana , Corneth Odilia BJ , van Helden-Meeuwsen Cornelia G , Dolhain Radboud JEM , Maria Naomi I , Paulissen Sandra MJ , Davelaar Nadine , van Hamburg Jan Piet , van Daele Paul L , Dalm Virgil A , van Hagen P Martin , Hazes Johanna MW , Versnel Marjan A , Lubberts Erik 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Introduction
A hallmark of systemic autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the increased expression of interferon (IFN) type I inducible genes, so-called IFN type I signature. Recently, T-helper 17 subset (Th17 cells), which produces IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22, has been implicated in SLE. As CCR6 enriches for Th17 cells, we used this approach to investigate whether CCR6+ memory T-helper cells producing IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, and/or IL-22 are increased in SLE patients and whether this increase is related to the presence of IFN type I signature.

Methods
In total, 25 SLE patients and 15 healthy controls (HCs) were included. SLE patients were divided into IFN type I signature-positive (IFN+) (n = 16) and negative (IFN-) (n = 9) patients, as assessed by mRNA expression of IFN-inducible genes (IFIGs) in monocytes. Expression of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22 by CD4+CD45RO+CCR6+ T cells (CCR6+ cells) was measured with flow cytometry and compared between IFN+, IFN- patients and HCs.

Results
Increased percentages of IL-17A and IL-17A/IL-17F double-producing CCR6+ cells were observed in IFN+ patients compared with IFN- patients and HCs. IL-17A and IL-17F expression within CCR6+ cells correlated significantly with IFIG expression. In addition, we found significant correlation between B-cell activating factor of the tumor necrosis family (BAFF)–a factor strongly correlating with IFN type I - and IL-21 producing CCR6+ cells.

Conclusions
We show for the first time higher percentages of IL-17A and IL-17A/IL-17F double-producing CCR6+ memory T-helper cells in IFN+ SLE patients, supporting the hypothesis that IFN type I co-acts with Th17 cytokines in SLE pathogenesis.
Photocatalytic Reduction of Uranyl Ions over Rutile TiO2 Nanorods with Different Aspect Ratios
Authors: Li Le , Li Hui , Deng Weiyi , Qin Bang , Fan Zao , Zhao Yubao 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Rod-shaped rutile TiO2 nanocrystals with various aspect ratios were prepared by a two-step wet-chemical method, and their photocatalytic performance for the reduction of uranyl ions under UV irradiation was investigated. Results show that there is an obvious difference between their specific activities based on equal surface area; rutile TiO2 nanorods with a moderate aspect ratio exhibited the best activity. Different occupation of {111} and {110} facets and a synergistic effect between them are proposed to explain the activity order.
Preface
Authors: Bickel Michael 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Trace elements may have different functions in human and animal metabolism: some are toxic (e.g., Hg), others are essential to maintain good health (e.g., Ca), or they can be essential but also toxic, depending on the concentration in the body or in parts thereof (e.g., Se).
The importance of various aspects of trace elements in relation to food is steadily increasing in the perception of the consumer and the respective authorities: food contaminants, essential and toxic elements, bioavailability and speciation, nutritional value and fortified food, reliable measurement of contents, etc. In addition, through the many minor and major food-related incidents during recent years the consumer is becoming more concerned about the quality and safety of food. As a result, research and development efforts in this area have also been increased and/or been redirected.
TEF-2 was organized in Brussels 7-8 October 2004 by the Institute of Reference Materials and Measurements of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, with the support of the Department of Food Analysis, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology of the University of Warzaw, Poland and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France. It was carried through under the auspices of IUPAC.
The objectives laid down for the symposium were
- presenting state-of-the-art analytical methods for the enforcement of legal limits of trace elements in food;
- disseminating new ideas and findings within the scientific community;
- providing a forum for the exchange of new knowledge and experience between R&D, authorities, and industry; and
- bringing together experts in the field with newcomers.
TEF-2 was attended by 93 participants from 60 different institutions in 23 countries. It consisted of 26 lectures and 56 posters, structured according to the following four main topics:
- trace elements in the food chain (from the environment to shelf product) including the effects of processing and of legislation
- trace element bioavailability-toxicological and nutritional aspects
- fortified food and supplementation legislation, manufacturing and labeling, standards
- advances in trace element analysis in food matrices
It was emphasized that the field of trace elements in food is a lively research area, which generates interest and involvement from researchers, authorities, and industry, of course triggered and nurtured by the equally high interest of the consumer. A selection of the invited contributions to TEF-2 is presented in the subsequent seven papers in this issue.
The importance of scientific exchange in this field was, again, recognized during TEF-2. Therefore, the continuation of this series of conferences was discussed, and the venue for the subsequent TEF-3 was decided. It will be organized by R. Lobinski of CNRS in Pau, France, at the beginning of October 2008.

Michael Bickel

Conference Editor
Preface
Authors: Krupp Eva M. 
Published: March 2014

Trace elements are a vital ingredient in our food, which directly relates to our health and well-being. The study of health effects related to the abundance or deficiency of trace elements that we are exposed to in our daily life is of prime importance in order to understand mechanisms and interactions of those elements within the human body. Trace elements taken up with food may exert toxic actions (e.g., in the case of arsenic or mercury), others are essential and a deficiency in these trace elements (e.g., iron, selenium, zinc, or iodine) can have drastic health effects and cause diseases.Therefore, toxic as well as essential aspects of trace elements must be studied and understood, so that regulating or governing bodies may advise on permissible levels for toxic elements, or recommend daily doses for the uptake of essential elements.The 4th International Conference on Trace Elements in Food (TEF-4) addressed a range of issues related to the health effects of trace elements and provided a podium for researchers from different scientific backgrounds: analytical chemists, toxicologists, nutritionists, environmental scientists, and members of health authorities came together to present and discuss recent advances and findings.The conference was held from 19 to 22 June 2011 in the King’s Conference Centre at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland (UK), with Prof. John Beattie (Rowett Institute for Nutrition and Health/University of Aberdeen) and Prof. Jörg Feldmann (University of Aberdeen) acting as Conference Chairs. TEF-4 attracted 150 delegates from 39 countries; 38 oral lectures were presented, 13 of which were given by internationally renowned invited speakers. The scientific program also included a poster exhibition with 108 papers and was completed by 9 exhibiting sponsors, including major analytical instrument manufacturers and representatives of reference material laboratories and government institutes.The scientific program comprised four larger themes, each of which was represented by invited speakers and further oral presentations on the following topics:- source and transfer of trace elements into food and feed- trace elements in nutrition and health- toxicology and risk assessment of trace elements in food- analytical advances in trace elements in foodSpecial attention was paid to selenium as an essential element, and a variety of talks explored the toxic actions of arsenic in different foodstuffs and in epidemiology, completed with topics on mercury, zinc, manganese, iodine, cerium, and other trace metals.The collection of papers in this issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry is a representation of the main topics covered in the lectures held during TEF-4, providing an overview of recent advances in research techniques and findings. We hope that it proves a useful source of new and exciting results, leading the way into the future of food analysis, and that fruitful interdisciplinary collaboration will enhance the impact of fundamental and applied research.Eva M. KruppConference Editor
Preface
Authors: Carballeira Néstor M. 
Published: March 2014

It was a privilege for me to have served as conference editor for this issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The nine papers in this volume constitute selected contributions from four symposia that took place at the 43rd IUPAC Congress, which was held in the Puerto Rico Convention Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico between 30 July and 7 August 2011. The theme of the congress, with more than 1300 scientific presentations, was "Chemistry Bridging Innovation Among the Americas and the World".The papers in this issue arise from four symposia that were part of one of the central themes of the congress, the "Chemistry of Life". Four of the contributions [by Profs. Vanderlan Bolzani (Brazil), Abimael D. Rodriguez (Puerto Rico), Adriano D. Andricopulo (Brazil), and Néstor M. Carballeira (Puerto Rico)] arise from the symposium "Modern Medicinal Chemistry: Natural Products and Synthetic Molecules as Valuable Tools", while one contribution [by Prof. George Kokotos (Greece)] was presented at the symposium "From Protein Structure to Cell Regulation". Three other contributions [by Profs. Ken Kitajima (Japan), Dipak. K. Banerjee (Puerto Rico), and Adriana Pietropaolo (Italy)] are from the symposium "Balancing Life with Bioconjugates", and the last contribution [by Prof. Julian Echave (Argentina)] is from the symposium "Structure Dynamics of Chemical and Biological Systems".We certainly acknowledge the great contribution made to this congress by the congress chair, Prof. Gabriel A. Infante, and the local organizing and scientific committees. We also acknowledge the different organizers and session chairs for the symposia from which these contributions were possible, in particular: V. Bolzani, A. Palermo, S. Campbell, and J. Colón for the medicinal chemistry symposium; D. K. Banerjee for the glycoconjugates symposium; A. Azzi, J. Pande, and M. Walsh for the protein- cell symposium; and M. Chergui and J. López Garriga for the structure dynamics symposium.I would also like to thank the many scientific contributors to this conference, in particular, those who took the time to write a more thorough account of their science and were able to transform it into valuable papers for all of us to share and enjoy. We also thank the editorial staff for their valuable help and guidance.Néstor M. CarballeiraConference Editor
Preface
Authors: Zuin Vânia G. 
Published: March 2014

The 4th International IUPAC Conference on Green Chemistry (ICGC-4) was held in
Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 25-29 August 2012, under the auspices of IUPAC and the
Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ), with the theme “Exchanging experiences towards
a sustainable society taking care of natural resources in their socio-economic
development”. It is important to understand the historical context of ICGC-4 as
part of a series that started in 2006 in Dresden, Germany. As observed by Prof.
Tundo, the Chair of the first ICGC, green chemistry is “innovative because it is
not necessarily connected to profits, it involves fundamental aspects and does
not aim automatically at an industrial process. There is a great need to create
a new type of chemistry focused on a new production system and utilization of
chemical derivatives, in order to prepare the younger generation to reach a
greener future.” ICGC-2 occurred in 2008 aboard the ship “Alexander Radishev”
travelling from Moscow to St. Petersburg, Russia, and was centered around a
number of fundamental and applied topics on green chemistry. ICGC-3 was held in
Ottawa, Canada, 2010, with the theme “The Road to Greener Industry”. Bringing
together academia and industry to exchange ideas about green chemistry was the
purpose of the meeting.ICGC-4 also included all areas and sectors of chemistry worldwide (academia,
industry, government, and chemistry societies) and focused on broad topics such
as benign synthesis/process, green chemistry for energy/production, chemicals
from renewable resources, green engineering, education in green chemistry, and
engineering and policy. It attracted around 600 participants from 4 continents,
especially young researchers. The event included 10 plenary lectures and 15
invited talks conducted by the most prominent chemists from all over the world
in this field, 4 short courses, 15 parallel sessions with 4 oral presentations
each, 3 technical parallel sessions, 4 roundtables, 2 poster sessions, and a
book release (Capes at Rio+20).The organizers of ICGC-4 would like to thank the great number of sponsors who
generously supported the event and the members of all committees for their
immense contributions. Special thanks are extended in particular to Profs.
Pietro Tundo and Buxing Han for their outstanding efforts, as well as Profs.
Patricia Vazquez, Liliana Mammino, Arlene Corrêa, Vitor Ferreira, and Fernando
Galembeck, all of whom contributed to the remarkable success of ICGC-4 (for more
details, see www.ufscar.br/icgc4).The nine papers in this issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry are
mostly contributions from plenary speakers and represent some of the topics
discussed in the event. The tradition and involvement with such a fundamental
and innovative field will continue in 2014 with ICGC-5, which will be held in
Durban, South Africa.Vânia G. ZuinSecretary General
Preface
Authors: Waghorne Earle 
Published: March 2014

The 15th International Symposium on Solubility Phenomena and Related Equilibrium Processes (ISSP-15) was held at the Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, in Xining, China, 22-27 July 2012. The meeting was a marked success, with over 100 participants from around the world. Xining, located on the Tibetan plateau, provided an interesting glimpse of China, outside of the very large cities of the Chinese lowlands.
The Qinghai Institute was established in recognition of the great potential of China’s upland salt lakes, where thousands of years of evaporation have resulted in huge bodies of brines with great commercial potential. For all those chemists who wondered why the thermodynamics and phase diagrams of electrolyte systems were part of their education, these huge, highly complex, aqueous electrolyte systems provide one of the answers, as Prof. Song's overview of studies related to the Qinghai Lakes systems made clear.
Concentrated electrolyte systems are found in other situations, including the winning of metals, such as aluminum, and in the processing of spent nuclear fuels; Prof. Altmaier's lecture on Np(VI) systems showed the complexities of such systems. More recently, the explosion of applications for roomtemperature ionic liquids has added a new strand to this long-established field of research.
Dealing with all of these types of systems requires accurate experimental measurements, careful analysis of the thermodynamics, and, commonly, thermodynamic modeling; lectures by Profs. Gamsjäger, Hefter, Königsberger, and Wang gave insights into both the experimental and modeling challenges that these systems present. Of course, thermodynamics and solubility are not restricted to electrolyte or solid/liquid systems, as was clearly shown by Prof. De Vischer's lecture on the thermodynamics of CO2 solubility, in the context of CO2 capture and storage.
This was the 15th in the series of ISSPs, which are organized through the IUPAC Subcommittee on Solubility and Equilibrium Data (SSED). This series of symposia, which brings together some of the most eminent scientists working in the area of solubility, is traditionally one of the friendliest meetings one can attend, and the Xining meeting certainly maintained this tradition.Earle Waghorne
Conference Editor