bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peritoneal Dialysis Aggravates and Accelerates Atherosclerosis in Uremic
ApoE
−/−
Mice
Authors: Kane Jamie , Vos Winnie G. , Bosmans Laura A. , van Os Bram W. , den Toom Myrthe , Hoeksema‐Hackmann Sanne , Moen‐de Wit Denise , Gijbels Marion J. , Beckers Linda , Grefhorst Aldo , Levels Johannes H. M. , Jakulj Lily , Vervloet Marc G. , Lutgens Esther , Eringa Etto C. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Atherosclerosis is highly prevalent in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including those receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although it is lifesaving, PD induces profound systemic inflammation, which may aggravate atherosclerosis. Therefore, the hypothesis is that this PD‐induced inflammation aggravates atherosclerosis via immune cell activation.

Methods and Results

ApoE

−/−

mice were subjected to a 5/6 nephrectomy to induce CKD. Three weeks later, mice were fed a high‐cholesterol diet. Half of the nephrectomized mice then received daily peritoneal infusions of 3.86% Physioneal for 67 further days (CKD+PD) until the end of the experiment, and were compared with mice without CKD. Sham operated and PD‐only mice were additional controls. CKD+PD mice displayed more severe atherosclerotic disease than control mice. Plaque area increased, and plaques were more advanced with a vulnerable phenotype typified by decreased collagen content and decreased fibrous cap thickness. Increased CD3
+
T‐cell numbers were present in plaques and perivascular adipose tissue of CKD and CKD+PD mice. Plaques of CKD+PD mice contained more iNOS
+
immune cells. Spleens of CKD+PD mice showed more CD4
+
central memory, terminally differentiated type 1 T‐helper (Th1), Th17, and CX3C motif chemokine receptor 1
+
(CX3CR1) CD4
+
T‐cells with less regulatory and effector T‐cells.

Conclusions

PD‐fluid exposure in uremic mice potentiates systemic and vascular T‐cell‐driven inflammation and aggravates atherosclerosis. PD polarized CD4
+
T‐cells toward an inflammatory Th1/Th17 phenotype, and increased CX3CR1
+
CD4
+
T‐cells, which are associated with vascular homing in CKD‐associated atherosclerosis. Targeting CD4
+
T‐cell activation and CX3CR1
+
polarization has the potential to attenuate atherosclerosis in PD patients.
Visceral Economies, Queer Dialectics: Eisenstein Meets Bataille
Authors: Vogman Elena 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mapping the encounters between Sergei Eisenstein and Georges Bataille in Paris in 1930, this essay reveals a new dimension of their respective approaches to materialism and the body, as explored, for instance, through a shared cannibalistic and visceral model of mimesis, one that operates below the visual or phenomenological qualities previously addressed by the discourse on the formless carried out by Georges Didi-Huberman, Rosalind Krauss, Yve-Alain Bois, and Annette Michelson, among others. The present text argues for the existence of something it calls a visceral economy, pointing to a specific administration and distribution of affect as an aesthetic resource. It is precisely in granting the autonomous organological reactions of attraction and repulsion a function as collective operators of materialism that Bataille and Eisenstein would each formulate and experiment with elements of this visceral economy. While both authors considered sexuality to be a critical force of materialism, Bataille ultimately presumed an essentialized and binary understanding of gender difference that provided the ground for fantasies of excess and transgression. Against this heteronormative tendency, Eisenstein's research into the forces of materialism embraced a queer dialectics, or “bisexuality,” not as an opposition of genders but as a term for a gender-undifferentiated condition.
On Beirut: Art in Search of a Means to a Commons
Authors: Feldman Hannah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This conversation brings together four figures based in Lebanon—two artists (Vartan Avakian and Walid Sadek), a curator and museum director (Reem Shahid), and a visual anthropologist (Kirsten Scheid)—in conversation with the author about the ways in which art in Lebanon is, or has been, at risk as a result of the nation's multiple precarities: social, political, and economic. These precarities are discussed in relation to both the present crises that Lebanon faces during an extended period of protracted war on two borders and in the aftermath of the 2019 uprising and the 2020 Port Blast, which damaged important galleries and museums including Marfa Projects, Galerie Sfeir Semmler, and the Sursock Museum. More importantly, however, these precarities come to frame the longer history of debate about what art is and who it should serve that has taken place in the region since the end of the Ottoman Empire. While the conversation attends to the kinds of risk associated with censorship and sectarian strife, including the assassination of Lokman Slim, the proposed censorship of Mashrou’ Leila, and the intimidation of Bilal Khbeiz, more attention is given to the risk that arts communities face as a result of the expectation that art serve a dedicated political purpose articulated through descriptive or activist content rather than through form or the imaginative processes that it might inspire to cohere new social realities.
Impacts of Local and Remote SST Warming on Summer Circulation Changes in the Western North Pacific
Authors: Chen Chao-An , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Liang Hsin-Chien , Chen Yu-Luen , Chiu Ping-Gin , Tu Chia-Ying 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study explores how future SST warming in remote ocean basins may affect the western North Pacific (WNP) wet season climate by applying a high-resolution atmospheric general circulation model to conduct a series of numerical experiments. A marked precipitation and tropical cyclone (TC) activity reduction, as well as enhanced anticyclonic circulation, in the WNP is projected in AMIP experiments forced by SST change in a future warming scenario. The sensitivity experiments reveal that various SST warming phenomena (e.g., in the global SST warming pattern, the tropical ocean belt, the Indian Ocean, the tropical Atlantic, and the subtropical northeast Pacific) and the increase in greenhouse gas concentration could weaken the precipitation, TC activity, and circulation. By contrast, the SST warming in the WNP and eastern equatorial Pacific has opposite and mixed effects, respectively, and tends to weakly offset the dominant influences of remote ocean warming. These results indicate that the WNP, being the epicenter of the global teleconnection of divergent and rotational flow, is susceptible to the influence of the SST warming in remote ocean basins. The remote forcing as projected in future scenarios would overwhelm the enhancing effect of local SST warming and weaken the circulation, convection, and TC activity in the WNP. These findings further the understanding of how the decreased precipitation and enhanced subtropical high in the WNP may be easily triggered by remote SST warming as revealed in the AMIP-type simulations. How this effect would be affected by air–sea coupling needs further investigation.
Retinal vasculitis in HLA-A29 birdshot retinochoroiditis, particularities and imaging narrative of an under-estimated and diagnostic component of the disease
Authors: Galand Jérôme , Papasavvas Ioannis , Herbort Carl P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
HLA-A29 birdshot retinochoroiditis (BRC) is a primary stromal choroiditis (PSC), the hallmark being the choroidal rice-shaped hypopigmented fundus lesions (“birdshot lesions”). BRC is characterised by dual independent retinal vasculitis and choroiditis, the former often preceding manifest choroidal lesions. The purpose of this study was to analyse the type and severity of retinal vasculitis and determine whether it represented a diagnostic contribution. Medical records of patients with the diagnosis of BRC examined in the uveitis clinic of the Centre for Ophthalmic Specialised care (COS) in Lausanne from 1994 to 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had a complete ophthalmic examination, including visual field testing, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein (FA) and indocyanine green (ICGA) angiography. Key retinal angiographic features were assessed. The study also established the angiographic score for retinal (FA) compared to choroidal involvement (ICGA). Among the 2102 newly diagnosed patients, 33 (1.57%) were diagnosed as BRC. Of the 21 patients with sufficient data included, all exhibited bilateral retinal vasculitis, of which 5 (24%) had no “birdshot lesions” at presentation with ICGA however always showing choroidal involvement. FA characteristics included (1) profuse retinal exudation in 17/21 cases (81%), (2) macular oedema in 17 patients (81%) with foveolar sparing for 14 of them (82%), (3) thick sheathing/staining of large posterior pole vessels in 13 patients (62%) and (4) profuse disc hyperfluorescence in all 21 patients. (5) A specific feature was the so-called pseudo arterio-venous circulatory delay in 17/21 cases (81%). The FA angiographic score at presentation was 14.49 ± 5.1 equivalent to the ICGA angiographic score of 14.29 ± 3.6, and higher than in other chorioretinitis entities. Both angiographic scores decreased similarly after treatment with a slower response of the retinal involvement.

Conclusions
Retinal vasculitis in BRC is often very pronounced and presents distinct angiographic features that help substantially in the diagnosis and understanding of the disease course. Retinal vasculitis can present initially as an isolated feature in absence of the characteristic “birdshot lesions”. The presence of all or some of the specific FA features strongly orient towards BRC to seek confirmation by ICGA and the search for the HLA-A29 antigen.
Evaluating the probiotic effects of spraying lactiplantibacillus plantarum P-8 in neonatal piglets
Authors: Yao Guoqiang , Zhao Zhixin , Yang Chengcong , Zuo Bin , Sun Zhihong , Wang Junjun , Zhang Heping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Gut microbes play an important role in the growth and health of neonatal piglets. Probiotics can promote the healthy growth of neonatal piglets by regulating their gut microbes. The study investigated the effects of spraying Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P-8 (L. plantarum P-8) fermentation broth on the growth performance and gut microbes of neonatal piglets.

Results
The animals were randomly divided into probiotics groups (109 neonatal piglets) and control groups (113 neonatal piglets). The probiotics group was sprayed with L. plantarum P-8 fermented liquid from 3 day before the expected date of the sow to the 7-day-old of piglets, while the control group was sprayed with equal dose of PBS. Average daily gain (ADG), immune and antioxidant status and metagenome sequencing were used to assess the changes in growth performance and gut microbiota of neonatal piglets. The results showed that L. plantarum P-8 treatment significantly improved the average daily gain (P < 0.05) of neonatal piglets. L. plantarum P-8 increased the activities of CAT and SOD but reduced the levels of IL-2 and IL-6, effectively regulating the antioxidant capacity and immunity in neonatal piglets. L. plantarum P-8 adjusted the overall structure of gut microflora improving gut homeostasis to a certain extent, and significantly increased the relative abundance of gut beneficial bacteria such as L. mucosae and L. plantarum.

Conclusion
Spraying L. plantarum P-8 can be a feasible and effective probiotic intervention not only improving the growth of neonatal piglets, regulating the antioxidant capacity and immunity of neonatal piglets, but also improving the gut homeostasis to a certain extent.
Efficiency of zinc in alleviating cadmium toxicity in hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Ferdos)
Authors: Behtash Farhad , Amini Trifeh , Mousavi Seyed Bahman , Seyed Hajizadeh Hanifeh , Kaya Ozkan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
A study on photosynthetic and enzyme activity changes and mineral content in lettuce under cadmium stress has been conducted in a greenhouse, utilizing the modulated effect of zinc (Zn) application in the nutrient solution on lettuce. Zn is a micronutrient that plays an essential role in various critical plant processes. Accordingly, three concentrations of Zn (0.022, 5, and 10 mg L− 1) were applied to hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Ferdos) under three concentrations of Cd toxicity (0, 2.5, and 5 mg L− 1).

Results
The results showed that along with increasing concentrations of zinc in the nutrient solution, growth traits such as plant performance, chlorophyll index (SPAD), minimum fluorescence (F0), leaf zinc content (Zn), leaf and root iron (Fe) content, manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and cadmium increased as well. The maximum amounts of chlorophyll a (33.9 mg g− 1FW), chlorophyll b (17.3 mg g− 1FW), carotenoids (10.7 mg g− 1FW), maximum fluorescence (Fm) (7.1), and variable fluorescence (Fv) (3.47) were observed in the treatment with Zn without Cd. Along with an increase in Cd concentration in the nutrient solution, the maximum amounts of leaf proline (5.93 mmol g− 1FW), malondialdehyde (MDA) (0.96 μm g− 1FW), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (22.1 μm g− 1FW), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (90.3 Unit mg− 1 protein) were recorded in lettuce treated with 5 mg L− 1 of Cd without Zn. Additionally, the maximum activity of leaf guaiacol peroxidase (6.46 Unit mg− 1 protein) was obtained with the application of Cd at a 5 mg L− 1 concentration.

Conclusions
In general, an increase in Zn concentration in the nutrient solution decreased the absorption and toxicity of Cd in lettuce leaves, as demonstrated in most of the measured traits. These findings suggest that supplementing hydroponic nutrient solutions with zinc can mitigate the detrimental effects of cadmium toxicity on lettuce growth and physiological processes, offering a promising strategy to enhance crop productivity and food safety in cadmium-contaminated environments.
The effect of BIS-guided anaesthesia on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children: a prospective randomized double-blind study
Authors: Frelich Michal , Sklienka Peter , Romanová Tereza , Němcová Simona , Bílená Markéta , Straková Hana , Lečbychová Karolína , Jor Ondřej , Formánek Martin , Burša Filip 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a significant problem following paediatric surgery, and volatile anaesthetics are an important cause of this phenomenon. BIS-guided anaesthesia, by reducing the consumption of anaesthetics, leads to a decrease in PONV in adult patients.

Study objective
Evaluate the role of BIS-guided anaesthesia in reducing the incidence of paediatric PONV.

Design
Prospective, randomized, double-blind study.

Setting
A single center study in university hospital in Czech republic, from June 2021 to November 2022.

Patients
A total of 163 children, aged 3–8 years with ASA I-II who underwent endoscopic adenoidectomy under general anaesthesia were included.

Interventions
In the intervention group, the depth of anaesthesia was maintained to values between 40 and 60 of BIS.

Main outcome measure
The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting during 24 h after surgery.

Results
The use of BIS-guided anaesthesia led to a significant decrease in the incidence of nausea and vomiting compared to the control group [17% vs. 53%; RR (95%CI) 0.48 (0.27–0.86); p < 0.001and 16% vs. 34%; RR (95%CI) 0.33 (0.20–0.54); p = 0.01, respectively].

Conclusions
BIS-guided anaesthesia decreases the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing adenoidectomy.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04466579.
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on response to anti-tuberculosis therapy in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Eletreby Rasha , Elsharkawy Aisha , Mohamed Rahma , Hamed Mai , Kamal Ibrahim Eman , Fouad Rabab 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
We aimed to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) concentrations in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients and to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on their treatment course.

Methods
Serum 25(OH)D3concentrations were measured in 47 newly diagnosed EPTB patients and 42 controls. Vitamin D-deficient EPTB patients were randomly assigned to receive 50,000 IU of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) orally once a week for 6 weeks (total 300,000 IU), followed by maintenance doses of 1000 IU a day besides anti-TB drugs or the first line anti-TB treatment only. Follow up serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were measured after 3 months of starting vitamin D3 supplementation. Both groups were evaluated for clinical, laboratory, and radiological outcomes after treatment.

Results
Serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were significantly lower among TB cases (17.1 ± 5.5 nmol/L) compared to healthy controls (51.8 ± 27.3 nmol/L), and vitamin D deficiency was observed in all EPTB patients (n = 47). Patients in VD3 supplementation group had significantly higher weight gain and serum albumin level at 2 months and end of treatment, higher hemoglobin concentration at the end of treatment, significantly lower CRP and ESR at 2 months and at the end of treatment. In cases with TB pleurisy, a significant higher rate of full resolution of pleural fluid after 6 months of anti-TB treatment and shorter treatment duration were noted compared to the other group.

Conclusions
Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in EPTB patients, in whom, vitamin D supplementation is a useful adjunctive therapy to anti-TB drugs and improves treatment course.
Cytomorphological patterns and clinical features of presumptive tubercular lymphadenitis patients and their comparison with bacteriological detection methods: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Atnafu Abay , Wassie Liya , Tilahun Melaku , Girma Selfu , Alemayehu Mekdelawit , Dereje Abenezer , Assefa Gebeyehu , Desta Tigist , Agize Haymanot , Fisseha Emnet , Mengistu Yordanos , Desta Kassu , Bobosha Kidist 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) is an infection of the lymph node caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Histological diagnoses of presumptive patients are often accompanied by cytomorphological features. However, the sensitivities of these features are often precluded by the variable degrees of narrative similarities compared to other diagnostic modalities.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the cytomorphological and clinical features of presumptive TBLN patients with bacteriological detection methods.

Methods
A similar cohort of TBLN patients from our previous study who were enrolled prospectively from the ALERT Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, was considered for this analysis. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Descriptive analysis was conducted to characterize the study population using the independent variable and presented with frequency tables. The chi-square test was used to measure the association. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Using FNAC, 60/126 (47.6%) of the participants were reported to have features consistent with TB. Of the total FNAC-positive cases, many (30/60 and 27/60) showed pattern B (caseous necrosis only) and pattern C (epithelioid granuloma with caseous necrosis), respectively. Strong concordance was observed in Pattern A (abundant caseous necrosis with few epithelioid macrophages) followed by patterns B and C with GeneXpert and MGIT culture (P value < 0.001). Night sweats and alcohol intake were shown to correlate with positive cases as reported by FNAC (P value = 0.008 respectively), GeneXpert (P value = 0.02 & 0.001), and culture methods (P-value = < 0.001 & 0.002).

Conclusion
Cytomorphological features, particularly patterns A, B, and C, could be considered in the diagnosis of TBLN given their comparable outcomes with bacteriological detection methods. On another note, we recommend that due care and attention be given when treating TBLN patients based solely on clinical presentation, as these diagnostics may be prone to false results, leading to inappropriate administration of anti-TB drugs and other consequences.
Implement social prescribing successfully towards embedding: what works, for whom and in which context? A rapid realist review
Authors: Bos C. , de Weger E. , Wildeman I. , Pannebakker N. , Kemper P. F. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Some clients who access healthcare services experience problems due to the wider determinants of health which cannot be addressed (solely) by the medical sector. Social Prescribing (SP) addresses clients ’ wider health needs and is based on linkworkers who support primary care clients in accessing social, community and voluntary care services that support their needs. Previous literature has provided valuable insights about what works (or not) in an early stage of implementing SP. However, there is limited insight into what works for the implementation of SP towards embedding. This study provides guiding principles by which SP can be successfully implemented towards the embedding stage and identifies which contextual factors and mechanisms influence these guiding principles.

Methods
A Rapid Realist Review was conducted to examine what works, for whom, why, and in which contexts. A local Dutch reference panel consisting of health and care organisations helped to inform the research questions. Additionally, a workshop was held with the panel, to discuss what the international insights mean for their local contexts. This input helped to further refine the literature review’s findings.

Results
Five guiding principles were identified for successful implementation of SP at the embedding stage: • Create awareness for addressing the wider determinants of health and the role SP services can play; • Ensure health and care professionals build trusting relationships with all involved stakeholders to create a cyclical referral process; • Invest in linkworkers’ skills and capacity so that they can act as a bridge between the sectors; • Ensure clients receive appropriate support to improve their self-reliance and increase their community participation; • Invest in the aligning of structures, processes and resources between involved sectors to support the use of SP services.

Conclusion
To embed SP, structural changes on a system level as well as cultural changes are needed. This will require a shift in attitude amongst health and care professionals as well as clients towards the use, role and benefit of SP services in addressing the wider determinants of health. It will also require policymakers and researchers to involve communities and include their perspectives.