bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of functional ankle instability in children and adolescents with Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease
Authors: Rose Kristy J. , Hiller Claire E. , Mandarakas Melissa , Raymond Jacqueline , Refshauge Kathryn , Burns Joshua 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundFunctional ankle instability (FAI) is commonly reported by children and adolescents with Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT), however,, the specific variables associated with FAI remain unknown. An improved understanding of these variables may suggest interventions to improve ankle stability and possibly prevent the long‐term complications associated with ankle instability in this population. The aim of this study was to therefore investigate the relationship between FAI and other functional, structural, anthropometric and demographic characteristics in a cross sectional sample of children and adolescents with CMT.MethodsThirty children and adolescents with CMT aged 7–18 years were recruited from the Peripheral Neuropathy Clinics of a large tertiary paediatric hospital. Measures of FAI were obtained using the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). Demographic and anthropometric data was also collected. Other variables collected included foot structure (Foot Posture Index), ankle range of motion (weight bearing lunge) and functional parameters (balance, timed motor function and falls). Descriptive statistics were calculated to characterise the participants. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to investigate the correlates of right and left FAI and demographic (age), anthropometric (height, weight, BMI), foot/ankle (foot structure and ankle flexibility) and functional parameters (balance task, timed motor function and falls frequency). Point biserial correlation was employed to correlate gender with right and left FAI.ResultsAll but one study participant (n = 29) reported moderate to severe bilateral FAI with females reporting significantly greater ankle instability than males. FAI was significantly associated with cavus foot structure (r = .69, P < .001), female gender (r = −.47, P < .001) and impaired balance (r = .50, P < .001).ConclusionsThis study confirms FAI is common in children and adolescents with CMT. An examination of the correlates of FAI suggests interventions, which target balance, and normalise foot structure should be explored to evaluate whether they might help to improve ankle stability in this population.
Full-length single-cell RNA-seq applied to a viral human cancer: applications to HPV expression and splicing analysis in HeLa S3 cells
Authors: Wu Liang , Zhang Xiaolong , Zhao Zhikun , Wang Ling , Li Bo , Li Guibo , Dean Michael , Yu Qichao , Wang Yanhui , Lin Xinxin , Rao Weijian , Mei Zhanlong , Li Yang , Jiang Runze , Yang Huan , Li Fuqiang , Xie Guoyun , Xu Liqin , Wu Kui , Zhang Jie , Chen Jianghao , Wang Ting , Kristiansen Karsten , Zhang Xiuqing , Li Yingrui , Yang Huanming , Wang Jian , Hou Yong , Xu Xun 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background
Viral infection causes multiple forms of human cancer, and HPV infection is the primary factor in cervical carcinomas. Recent single-cell RNA-seq studies highlight the tumor heterogeneity present in most cancers, but virally induced tumors have not been studied. HeLa is a well characterized HPV+ cervical cancer cell line.

Result
We developed a new high throughput platform to prepare single-cell RNA on a nanoliter scale based on a customized microwell chip. Using this method, we successfully amplified full-length transcripts of 669 single HeLa S3 cells and 40 of them were randomly selected to perform single-cell RNA sequencing. Based on these data, we obtained a comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneity of HeLa S3 cells in gene expression, alternative splicing and fusions. Furthermore, we identified a high diversity of HPV-18 expression and splicing at the single-cell level. By co-expression analysis we identified 283 E6, E7 co-regulated genes, including CDC25, PCNA, PLK4, BUB1B and IRF1 known to interact with HPV viral proteins.

Conclusion
Our results reveal the heterogeneity of a virus-infected cell line. It not only provides a transcriptome characterization of HeLa S3 cells at the single cell level, but is a demonstration of the power of single cell RNA-seq analysis of virally infected cells and cancers.
Long-term efficacy of vildagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Mera Jun-ichiro , Okada Eiko , Okuda Masumi , Ota Tatsuru , Sibata Shigeru , Uchida Shunya 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background
There are few studies evaluating long-term glycemic control using a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor in type 2 diabetes patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of vildagliptin therapy over 2 years in type 2 diabetes with ESRD.

Methods
Patients with ESRD resulting from type 2 diabetes requiring dialysis who had ≥20 % glycated albumin (GA) were enrolled. Vildagliptin 50 mg once daily was administered for 2 years. Changes in GA and dry weight were evaluated.

Results
In 32 patients (24 men and 8 women) aged 68.3 ± 1.9 years, vildagliptin 50 mg once daily was administered for 2 years, but the dose was increased to 50 mg twice daily in 15 patients. GA was significantly reduced by 2.6 ± 0.6 %, from 22.4 ± 0.6 % at baseline to 19.8 ± 0.4 % at 2 years. After 2 years of vildagliptin therapy, 15 (46.9 %) of 32 patients achieved a GA level of <20 %. Dry weight changed slightly, with an increase of 1.3 ± 0.8 kg at 2 years. No adverse drug reactions related to treatment with vildagliptin were seen.

Conclusions
Vildagliptin is a promising therapeutic option for safe, effective glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients with ESRD.
Fine-tuning the onset of myogenesis by homeobox proteins that interact with theMyf5limb enhancer
Authors: Daubas Philippe , Duval Nathalie , Bajard Lola , Langa Vives Francina , Robert Benoît , Mankoo Baljinder S. , Buckingham Margaret 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTSkeletal myogenesis in vertebrates is initiated at different sites of skeletal muscle formation during development, by activation of specific control elements of the myogenic regulatory genes. In the mouse embryo, Myf5 is the first myogenic determination gene to be expressed and its spatiotemporal regulation requires multiple enhancer sequences, extending over 120 kb upstream of the Mrf4-Myf5 locus. An enhancer, located at −57/−58 kb from Myf5, is responsible for its activation in myogenic cells derived from the hypaxial domain of the somite, that will form limb muscles. Pax3 and Six1/4 transcription factors are essential activators of this enhancer, acting on a 145-bp core element. Myogenic progenitor cells that will form the future muscle masses of the limbs express the factors necessary for Myf5 activation when they delaminate from the hypaxial dermomyotome and migrate into the forelimb bud, however they do not activate Myf5 and the myogenic programme until they have populated the prospective muscle masses. We show that Msx1 and Meox2 homeodomain-containing transcription factors bind in vitro and in vivo to specific sites in the 145-bp element, and are implicated in fine-tuning activation of Myf5 in the forelimb. Msx1, when bound between Pax and Six sites, prevents the binding of these key activators, thus inhibiting transcription of Myf5 and consequent premature myogenic differentiation. Meox2 is required for Myf5 activation at the onset of myogenesis via direct binding to other homeodomain sites in this sequence. Thus, these homeodomain factors, acting in addition to Pax3 and Six1/4, fine-tune the entry of progenitor cells into myogenesis at early stages of forelimb development.
Muscle activation during maximal effort tasks: evidence of the selective forces that shaped the musculoskeletal system of humans
Authors: Carrier David R. , Schilling Nadja , Anders Christoph 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThe selective forces that played a role in the evolution of the musculoskeletal system of the genus Homo have long been debated and remain poorly understood. In this investigation, we introduce a new approach for testing alternative hypotheses. Our analysis is based on the premise that natural selection can be expected to have resulted in muscles that are large enough to achieve necessary levels of maximum performance in essential behaviors, but not larger. We used surface electromyography in male subjects to identify maximum activation levels in 13 muscles of the back and leg during eight behaviors that have been suggested to have been important to foraging, hunting and fighting performance in early humans. We asked two questions: (1) what behaviors produce maximum activation in each of the investigated muscles and (2) are there specific behaviors that elicit maximum recruitment from all or most of the muscles? We found that in eight of the 13 muscles, the highest activity occurred during maximal effort vertical jumping (i.e. whole-body acceleration). Punching produced the highest median activity in the other five muscles. Together, jumping and punching accounted for 73% of the incidences of maximum activity among all of the muscles and from all of the subjects. Thus, the size of the muscles of the back and leg appear to be more related to the demands of explosive behaviors rather than those of high speed sprinting or sustained endurance running. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that selection on aggressive behavior played an important role in the evolution of the genus Homo.
Op-Ug TD Optimizer Tool Based on Matlab Code to Find Transition Depth From Open Pit to Block Caving / Narzędzie Optymalizacyjne Oparte O Kod Matlab Wykorzystane Do Określania Głębokości Przejściowej Od Wydobycia Odkrywkowego Do Wybierania Komorami
Authors: Bakhtavar E. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In this study, transition from open pit to block caving has been considered as a challenging problem. For this purpose, the linear integer programing code of Matlab was initially developed on the basis of the binary integer model proposed by Bakhtavar et al (2012). Then a program based on graphical user interface (GUI) was set up and named “Op-Ug TD Optimizer”. It is a beneficial tool for simple application of the model in all situations where open pit is considered together with block caving method for mining an ore deposit. Finally, Op-Ug TD Optimizer has been explained step by step through solving the transition from open pit to block caving problem of a case ore deposit.
Research on dynamics of the knee joint for different types of loads
Authors: Dygut Jacek , Kuchta Marek 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Modern clinical and sports medicine increasingly uses training and diagnostic equipment. They allow monitoring of the training process, cycle control, and evaluation of the basic parameters. These devices are used to carry out the training process for healthy people as well as for the rehabilitation of persons with impaired organ movement functions. The developed measurement properties allow defining many parameters and biomechanical functions. They can estimate the state of a particular biomechanical group and monitor its efficiency for a long period of time. The main aim of the research was to determine the impact of the type of load on the dynamic parameters during straightening of the knee joint. It compared parameters of the sick and healthy limbs under the influence of a particular load. The article presents the results of measurements of dynamic parameters of the knee joint. Measurements were obtained during the use of different types of loads for healthy people. The second part of the article concerns the comparison of functions in the sick and healthy limbs of the test person.
Morphological update on Calycina marina (Pezizellaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes), a new combination for Laetinaevia marina
Authors: Baral Hans-Otto , Rämä Teppo 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Laetinaevia marina is a frequent ascomycetous fungus that is widely distributed on the seashores of Scandinavia and Great Britain. It grows on fronds of Fucales (Phaeophyceae) that are washed ashore and lie decaying at the high tide mark or further up on the beach. It is one of the few described marine discomycetes. In the current generic concept it is regarded as a member of Naevioideae (Dermateaceae or Mollisiaceae), while it has previously been placed in the genus Orbilia (Orbiliaceae). We studied fresh collections, in live and dead state, to provide a morphological update on the species and to elucidate its systematic placement using molecular systematics. The hemiamyloid reaction of the apical ring, the absence of croziers, and the faintly refractive vacuolar bodies of the terminal cells of living paraphyses are reported here for the first time. A thin gel sheath surrounding the ascospores was confirmed to exist. Based on morphological characters, ribosomal RNA and protein coding gene sequences published for this species here for the first time, we show that L. marina is distinct from the genera and families it was previously placed in, and propose the new combination Calycina marina, despite its erumpent, sessile, pulvinate and rather immarginate apothecia. Furthermore, we present additional observations on the ecology, phenology, and distribution of the species.
Death domain associated protein (Daxx), a multi-functional protein
Authors: Tang Shuang-Yang , Wan Yan-Ping , Wu Yi-Mou 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDeath domain associated protein (Daxx), a multi-functional protein, plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell apoptosis, carcinogenesis, anti-virus infection and so on. However, its regulatory mechanisms for both cell survival and apoptosis remain largely obscure. Our review of recent studies shows that Daxx has many interesting functional dualities and can provide a reference for further research on Daxx.
Has TV advertising lost its effectiveness to other touch points?
Authors: Roozen Irene , Meulders Michel 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper we analyze the relative effectiveness of the moment of contact (touch point) between a brand and an individual consumer. The concept of effectiveness is made operational through the use of both attitude (cognitive, emotional and conative) and awareness measures (recall and recognition). The main research uses a 4x4 Latin square confounded within subjects factorial design with different touch points and brands. The appropriate stimuli were identified in a preliminary study. The results indicate that, overall, TV advertising and print advertisements – the traditional media channels – are significantly more effective than the internet, a non-traditional media channel.
Exploring the role of identification and moral disengagement in the enjoyment of an antihero television series
Authors: Janicke Sophie H. , Raney Arthur A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAffective disposition theory explains well the process of enjoying hero narratives but not the appeal of narratives featuring antiheroes. Recent antihero studies suggest that character identification and moral disengagement might be important factors in the enjoyment of such fare. The current study builds on this work. A sample of 101 self-identified fans and nonfans of the television series
Prediction of coking dynamics for wet coal charge
Authors: Kardaś Dariusz , Polesek-Karczewska Sylwia , Ciżmiński Przemysław , Stelmach Sławomir 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A one-dimensional transient mathematical model describing thermal and flow phenomena during coal coking in an oven chamber was studied in the paper. It also accounts for heat conduction in the ceramic oven wall when assuming a constant temperature at the heating channel side. The model was solved numerically using partly implicit methods for gas flow and heat transfer problems. The histories of temperature, gas evolution and internal pressure were presented and analysed. The theoretical predictions of temperature change in the centre plane of the coke oven were compared with industrialscale measurements. Both, the experimental data and obtained numerical results show that moisture content determines the coking process dynamics, lagging the temperature increase above the water steam evaporation temperature and in consequence the total coking time. The phenomenon of internal pressure generation in the context of overlapping effects of simultaneously occurring coal transitions - devolatilisation and coal permeability decrease under plastic stage - was also discussed.
Investigations of operation problems at a 200 MWe PF boiler
Authors: Peta Sandile , Toit Chris du , Naidoo Reshendren , Schmitz Walter , Jestin Louis 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
To minimize oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission, maximize boiler combustion efficiency, achieve safe and reliable burner combustion, it is crucial to master global boiler and at-the-burner control of fuel and air flows. Non-uniform pulverized fuel (PF) and air flows to burners reduce flame stability and pose risk to boiler safety by risk of reverse flue gas and fuel flow into burners. This paper presents integrated techniques implemented at pilot ESKOM power plants for the determination of global boiler air/flue gas distribution, wind-box air distribution and measures for making uniform the flow being delivered to burners within a wind-box system. This is achieved by Process Flow Modelling, at-the-burner static pressure measurements and CFD characterization. Global boiler mass and energy balances combined with validated site measurements are used in an integrated approach to calculate the total (stoichiometric + excess) air mass flow rate required to burn the coal quality being fired, determine the actual quantity of air that flows through the burners and the furnace ingress air. CFD analysis and use of at-the-burner static, total pressure and temperature measurements are utilized in a 2-pronged approach to determine root-causes for burner fires and to evaluate secondary air distribution between burners.
A design procedure for “liquid to air” type atomisers based on air and water mixture outflow velocity
Authors: Krawczyk Piotr , Badyda Krzysztof 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper proposes a procedure which enables to determine selected geometric and operating parameters for twin-fluid liquid-to-air atomisers with internal mixing. The presented approach assumes that in order to ensure proper operation of an atomiser it is necessary to design its structure and flow parameters in such a way so that the flow inside the mixing chamber has a dispersive character. In order to calculate a required exhaust cross-section for the analysed atomiser, conditions within the exhaust plane: pressure, density and outflow velocity were estimated. In order to determine diameter and number of orifices supplying the liquid to the mixing chamber of the investigated atomiser type, a multi-parameter analysis based on numerical fluid mechanics was performed. The final part of the paper presents selected results obtained from experimental stand measurements made on an atomiser designed according to the presented procedure.
Viscario vulgaris-Quercetum petraeae Stöcker (1965) in the Opawskie Mts (Eastern Sudetes)
Authors: Nowak Arkadiusz , Nowak Sylwia 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Results of phytosociological studies conducted in the southern part of Opole Silesia within the Sudetes mountain range in 2014-2015 are presented. The main aim of our research was to confirm the occurrence of Viscario vulgaris-Quercetum petraeae Stöcker 1965, which had previously been noted in Poland only within the Central Sudetes Foothills in Lower Silesia province. Two additional sites of this extremely rare in Poland plant association were confirmed, located within the Opawskie Mts in Opole province. The association develops on steep slopes, near rocky outcrops, on southern or western expositions at altitudes between 350 and 410 m a.s.l. All plots of the association consists of several diagnostic taxa and the share of thermophilous plants is clear. The Viscario vulgaris-Quercetum petraeae is rather species poor forest phytocoenosis with the herb layer abundance shrink by a scree downslides. The most frequent taxa contributing to the sampled plots were: Luzula luzuloides, Galeopsis ladanum, Hieracium laevigatum, Lembotropis nigricans, Vaccinium myrtillus, Deschampsia flexuosa and Viscaria vulgaris. In all forest plots the Quercus petraea apparently dominates and shrub layer is scarce.
Dilutineuron, a new moss genus of the subfamily Racomitrioideae (Grimmiaceae, Bryophyta)
Authors: Bednarek-Ochyra Halina , Sawicki Jakub , Ochyra Ryszard , Szczecińska Monika , Plášek Vítězslav 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Based on available molecular and morphological evidence, the genus Codriophorus P.Beauv. (Grimmiaceae subfam. Racomitrioideae) proved to be a polyphyletic taxon. It consists of two distinct genera which correspond to two sections of Codriophorus, namely sect. Codriophorus and sect. Fascicularia (Bednarek-Ochyra) Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra. The latter section is raised to generic rank as Dilutineuron Bednarek-Ochyra, Sawicki, Ochyra, Szczecińska & Plášek. The new genus consists of the following five species: D. fasciculare (Hedw.) Bednarek-Ochyra, Sawicki, Ochyra, Szczecińska & Plášek, comb. nov., D. brevisetum (Lindb.) Bednarek-Ochyra, Sawicki, Ochyra, Szczecińska & Plášek, comb. nov., D. anomodontoides (Cardot) Bednarek-Ochyra, Sawicki, Ochyra, Szczecińska & Plášek, comb. nov., D. corrugatum (Bednarek-Ochyra) Bednarek-Ochyra, Sawicki, Ochyra, Szczecińska & Plášek, comb. nov. and D. laevigatum (Mitt.) Bednarek-Ochyra, Sawicki, Ochyra, Szczecińska & Plášek, comb. nov.
New taxonomical arrangement of the traditionally conceived genera Orthotrichum and Ulota (Orthotrichaceae, Bryophyta)
Authors: Plášek Vítězslav , Sawicki Jakub , Ochyra Ryszard , Szczecińska Monika , Kulik Tomasz 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The traditionally conceived genera Orthotrichum Hedw. and Ulota F.Weber are here reclassified into six genera, Orthotrichum, Dorcadion Lindb., Nyholmiella Holmen & E.Warncke, Pulvigera Plášek, Sawicki & Ochyra, Plenogemma Plášek, Sawicki & Ochyra, and Ulota, based on morphological differences and partially on molecular evidence. The genus Pulvigera includes P. lyellii (Hook. & Taylor) Plášek, Sawicki & Ochyra (Orthotrichum lyellii Hook. & Taylor) which was selected as its generitype. The genus Plenogemma includes P. phyllantha (Brid.) Plášek, Sawicki & Ochyra (Ulota phyllantha Brid.) which was selected as its generitype.
An efficient synthesis of 11-aryl-10-oxo-7,8,10,11-tetrahydro-1H-[1,2,3]triazolo [4′,5′:3,4]benzo[1,2-b][1,6]naphthyridine derivatives under catalyst-free conditions
Authors: Jin Rong-Zhang , Li Yu-Ling , Wang Xiang-Shan 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A three-component reaction of an aromatic aldehyde, 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-5-amine and tert-butyl 2,4-dioxopiperidine-1-carboxylate in refluxing EtOH under catalyst-free conditions furnishes the title compounds in high yields.