bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of oral tumor suppressor gene deleted in oral cancer‐1 (DOC‐1) in progression of oral precancer to cancer
Authors: Katarkar Atul , Patel Leelavati , Mukherjee Sanjit , Ray Jay Gopal , Haldar Pallab Kanti , Chaudhuri Keya 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIntroduction: Deleted in oral cancer‐1 (DOC‐1), a highly conserved tumor suppressor gene, encodes a specific cyclin‐dependent kinase 2‐associated protein 1 (p12DOC‐1). The protein DOC‐1 arrests the cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and regulates DNA replication in the S phase of the cell cycle. It is known that DOC‐1 is downregulated in head and neck cancer. Hence, the aim of the study was to analyze the messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of DOC‐1 in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP), leukoplakia (LPK), oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in comparison to normal control subjects, and these were correlated with differential oral habits and duration of exposure.Materials and methods: Semiquantitative one‐step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was used to assess the potential role of DOC‐1 in differential oral conditions.Results: The expression of DOC‐1 at the transcriptional level was found to be consistently reduced (39.13%) or non‐detectable (60.87%) in OSCC cases; LPK cases also showed reduced (26.19%) or non‐detectable (59.52%) DOC‐1 expression, and overexpression of DOC‐1 was observed in patients with OSF (42.3%) and OLP (35.29%) as compared to the normal control groups. A marked reduction in DOC‐1 expression was observed in patients who smoke bidi and chew tobacco compared to patients who smoke cigarettes and chew pan. An overall reduced expression of DOC‐1 with an increase in the duration of exposure was observed.Conclusions: The overexpression of DOC‐1 in oral premalignant disease groups with reduced or loss of expression in OSCC groups suggests its association in the progression of oral carcinogenesis, suggesting DOC‐1 to be an important prognostic indicator for oral cancer.
ON HYPERSTABILITY OF ADDITIVE MAPPINGS ONTO BANACH SPACES
Authors: DONG YUNBAI , ZHENG BENTUO 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLet$(X,+)$be an Abelian group and$E$be a Banach space. Suppose that$f:X\rightarrow E$is a surjective map satisfying the inequality$$\begin{eqnarray}|\,\Vert f(x)-f(y)\Vert -\Vert f(x-y)\Vert \,|\leq {\it\varepsilon}\min \{\Vert f(x)-f(y)\Vert ^{p},\Vert f(x-y)\Vert ^{p}\}\end{eqnarray}$$for some${\it\varepsilon}>0$,$p>1$and for all$x,y\in X$. We prove that$f$is an additive map. However, this result does not hold for$0<p\leq 1$. As an application, we show that if$f$is a surjective map from a Banach space$E$onto a Banach space$F$so that for some${\it\epsilon}>0$and$p>1$$$\begin{eqnarray}|\,\Vert f(x)-f(y)\Vert -\Vert f(u)-f(v)\Vert \,|\leq {\it\epsilon}\min \{\Vert f(x)-f(y)\Vert ^{p},\Vert f(u)-f(v)\Vert ^{p}\}\end{eqnarray}$$whenever$\Vert x-y\Vert =\Vert u-v\Vert$, then$f$preserves equality of distance. Moreover, if$\dim E\geq 2$, there exists a constant$K\neq 0$such that$Kf$is an affine isometry. This improves a result of Vogt [‘Maps which preserve equality of distance’,Studia Math.45(1973) 43–48].
Adaptive bilateral control for nonlinear uncertain teleoperation with guaranteed transient performance
Authors: Chen Zhang , Liang Bin , Zhang Tao , Wang Xueqian , Zhang Bo 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYDue to the special working environment of teleoperation, there are usually uncertainties existing in the dynamics of teleoperating robots. In this paper, an adaptive bilateral control scheme is proposed for the nonlinear teleoperation with parameterized dynamic uncertainties and time delays. Compared to the existing time-delay adaptive bilateral controllers, the proposed scheme has the advantage of faster and more accurate parameter adaptation. In this way, the transient performance of teleoperators can be improved without increasing the control gains, which is helpful for stability of teleoperation. The adaptive bilateral controller is designed to be applicable both in free motion and in constrained motion. The synchronization errors in the unconstrained subspace are asymptotically convergent under time delays. In the constrained subspace, the contact force remains bounded with the proposed controller. The stability of teleoperation is proved using Lyapunov methods and the passivity theory. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Coexistence of morphologically similar bats (Vespertilionidae) on Madagascar: stable isotopes reveal fine-grained niche differentiation among cryptic species
Authors: Dammhahn Melanie , Rakotondramanana Claude Fabienne , Goodman Steven M. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract:Based on niche theory, closely related and morphologically similar species are not predicted to coexist due to overlap in resource and habitat use. Local assemblages of bats often contain cryptic taxa, which co-occur despite notable similarities in morphology and ecology. We measured in two different habitat types on Madagascar levels of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in hair (n = 103) and faeces (n = 57) of cryptic Vespertilionidae taxa to indirectly examine whether fine-grained trophic niche differentiation explains their coexistence. In the dry deciduous forest (Kirindy), six sympatric species ranged over 6.0‰ in δ15N, i.e. two trophic levels, and 4.2‰ in δ13C with a community mean of 11.3‰ in δ15N and −21.0‰ in δ13C. In the mesic forest (Antsahabe), three sympatric species ranged over one trophic level (δ15N: 2.4‰, δ13C: 1.0‰) with a community mean of 8.0‰ δ15N and −21.7‰ in δ13C. Multivariate analyses and residual permutation of Euclidian distances in δ13C–δ15N bi-plots revealed in both communities distinct stable isotope signatures and species separation for the hair samples among coexisting Vespertilionidae. Intraspecific variation in faecal and hair stable isotopes did not indicate that seasonal migration might relax competition and thereby facilitate the local co-occurrence of sympatric taxa.
Exploring the Ecology of Canada’s Publicly Funded Residential Long-Term Care Bed Supply
Authors: Sivananthan Saskia N. , Doupe Malcolm , McGregor Margaret J. 
Published: December 2014

RÉSUMÉMalgré l'augmentation de la population des personnes âgées au Canada, et la variation de stratégies de soins de longue durée (SLD) que les provinces ont mis en place, peu de recherches ont porté sur la compréhension de la mesure dans laquelle l'approvisionnement de lits des SLD résidentiels financés par l'État varient parmi les provinces, ou les facteurs influençant cette variation. Notre étude a porté sur une analyse dans laquelle nous avons examiné l'association de trois caractéristiques juridictionnelles sélectionnés avec la fourniture des lits LTC: la démographie de l'âge de la population, les ressources économiques des provinces, et les investissements provinciaux dans les soins à domicile. On n'a pas trouvé de l'écologie interjuridictionelle importante ni d'interrelation entre la variation de l'approvisionne-ment de lits des SLD avec aucune des variables étudiées. La variation entre les provinces pour le disponibilité de lits n'a également pas influencé statistiquement du jour à l'autre le niveau de soins spécifiques pour l'attente des SLD, ce qui suggère que ces jours ne sont pas influencés simplement par des différences dans l'approvisionnement de lits des SLD, et que d'autres facteurs au niveau provincial étaient en jeu.
Using key part-of-speech analysis to examine spoken discourse by Taiwanese EFL learners
Authors: Lin Yen-Liang 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis study reports on a corpus analysis of samples of spoken discourse between a group of British and Taiwanese adolescents, with the aim of exploring the statistically significant differences in the use of grammatical categories between the two groups of participants. The key word method extended to a part-of-speech level using the web-based corpus analytical tool,Wmatrix, highlights those linguistic domains which deserve particular attention. Specifically, it reveals the lexical and grammatical categories that occur unusually frequently or unusually infrequently in the English learners’ discourse when compared with the language used by the native speakers of English in the sample. The research findings delineate the pedagogical merit of key domain analysis and thus help to inform English as a foreign language teachers and materials developers in the design of courses emphasising spoken interaction.
‘Moving’ through the past: Thirty years of avoir été in Ontario French
Authors: SAMMONS OLIVIA N. , NADASDI TERRY , MOUGEON RAYMOND 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThis article examines a case of real-time language change in the spoken French of adolescents residing in four localities in Ontario, Canada. The focus of the study is the alternation between verb forms meaning ‘went/have gone’ over a three-decade timespan (1978–2005), and involves three main variants:avoir été, être alléandavoir allé. This study investigates the influence of both social and linguistic factors on variant choice, showing evidence for both devernacularization and regularization as a result of social change.
Abdominal aorta interruption and CHD
Authors: Oliveira Lia , Torres Erica , Anjos Rui 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe report a rare case of CHD and abdominal aorta interruption. Renal hypertension was the first sign of the abdominal aortic malformation. The aetiology of abdominal aortic interruption remains unclear, it could be congenital or acquired.
Human mutations in methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 impair nuclear de novo thymidylate biosynthesis
Authors: Field Martha S. , Kamynina Elena , Watkins David , Rosenblatt David S. , Stover Patrick J. 
Published: December 2014

Significance
These studies have identified that human genetic mutations, which impair the function of the folate-dependent enzyme methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase I (MTHFD1), depress rates of de novo thymidylate synthesis, elevate uracil levels in human DNA, and increase genome instability. These findings provide insights into the role of MTHFD1 and thymidylate biosynthesis in the etiology of SCID and megaloblastic anemia.
Detecting nanoscale vibrations as signature of life
Authors: Kasas Sandor , Ruggeri Francesco Simone , Benadiba Carine , Maillard Caroline , Stupar Petar , Tournu Hélène , Dietler Giovanni , Longo Giovanni 
Published: December 2014

Significance
The quest to find life in extreme and extraterrestrial environments is exciting and touches many research fields. One of the common signatures of life is movement: Even small microorganisms vibrate in response to their metabolic activity. Thus, we have devised a nanomotion detector to study these fluctuations and to associate them to the metabolic activity of the specimens. This technique does not measure the chemical response of life, which would require prior knowledge of the metabolic pathways involved. Instead, it monitors the physical manifestation of any kind of metabolic activity the microorganisms might have. Here, we show how this nanomotion detector can study any living system, paving the way to a complementary approach to the study of life in extreme environments.
Structure of CrgA, a cell division structural and regulatory protein fromMycobacterium tuberculosis, in lipid bilayers
Authors: Das Nabanita , Dai Jian , Hung Ivan , Rajagopalan Malini , Zhou Huan-Xiang , Cross Timothy A. 
Published: December 2014

SignificanceUnderstanding the structure and function of the cell division apparatus ofMycobacterium tuberculosisis crucial for advancing drug development against tuberculosis. Here, we report the solid-state NMR structure of a transmembrane protein, CrgA, that is a central component of theM. tuberculosisdivisome. Small helical membrane protein structures are particularly sensitive to their environment, and consequently, we characterized CrgA in an environment that models well the biophysical properties of the native membrane. To determine the structure, both oriented sample and magic-angle spinning NMR data from liquid–crystalline lipid bilayer preparations were used along with refinement by restrained molecular dynamics simulations in the same lipid environment. The structure suggests how CrgA serves as a platform for binding and recruiting other proteins of the divisome.
Adaptive simplification and the evolution of gecko locomotion: Morphological and biomechanical consequences of losing adhesion
Authors: Higham Timothy E. , Birn-Jeffery Aleksandra V. , Collins Clint E. , Hulsey C. Darrin , Russell Anthony P. 
Published: December 2014

Significance
The gecko adhesive system has garnered considerable interest from scientists over the past several decades. Most research has focused on the function and microanatomy of the adhesive system. However, it is currently unclear what impact the secondary loss or simplification of the adhesive system might have on the evolutionary biomechanics of gecko locomotion, which is critical for pinpointing the constraints that accompany such an innovation, and ultimately the release from these constraints. We found that geckos exhibit elevated rates of morphological and kinematic evolution when their adhesive system is lost/simplified, providing evidence that the loss of an innovation can have profound evolutionary impacts on organismal structural and functional divergence
Direct coupling of haptic signals between hands
Authors: Dupin Lucile , Hayward Vincent , Wexler Mark 
Published: December 2014

Significance
When we actively explore objects by touch, the brain receives two types of signals, tactile sensory inputs and signals about the exploratory movement, which must be combined to perceive the shape and location of objects in space. Whereas these signals usually come from the same body part, we have developed a technique to separate them, directing the tactile signals to one hand and the movement signals to the other. We find that separated and synchronized signals are combined as if they arose from the same hand. Our results suggest that to solve the difficult problem of multidimensional signal combination in touch perception, the brain uses a simplified, source-independent representation of movement.
Evolution of the H9N2 influenza genotype that facilitated the genesis of the novel H7N9 virus
Authors: Pu Juan , Wang Shuoguo , Yin Yanbo , Zhang Guozhong , Carter Robert A. , Wang Jinliang , Xu Guanlong , Sun Honglei , Wang Min , Wen Chu , Wei Yandi , Wang Dongdong , Zhu Baoli , Lemmon Gordon , Jiao Yuannian , Duan Susu , Wang Qian , Du Qian , Sun Meng , Bao Jinnan , Sun Yipeng , Zhao Jixun , Zhang Hui , Wu Gang , Liu Jinhua , Webster Robert G. 
Published: December 2014

Significance
The emergence of human infection with a novel H7N9 avian influenza reassortant in China raises a pandemic concern. However, it is not fully understood how these H9N2 chicken viruses facilitated the genesis of the novel H7N9 viruses. Here we show that a “fittest” genotype (G57) emerged with changed antigenicity and improved adaptability in chickens. It became predominant in vaccinated farm chickens and caused widespread outbreaks before the H7N9 virus emergence, increasing reassortment between H9N2 and other subtype viruses and finally providing all of their internal genes to the novel H7N9 viruses. The prevalence and variation of H9N2 influenza virus in farmed poultry could provide an important early warning of the emergence of novel reassortants with pandemic potential.
miR-155 augments CD8
+
T-cell antitumor activity in lymphoreplete hosts by enhancing responsiveness to homeostatic γ
c
cytokines
Authors: Ji Yun , Wrzesinski Claudia , Yu Zhiya , Hu Jinhui , Gautam Sanjivan , Hawk Nga V. , Telford William G. , Palmer Douglas C. , Franco Zulmarie , Sukumar Madhusudhanan , Roychoudhuri Rahul , Clever David , Klebanoff Christopher A. , Surh Charles D. , Waldmann Thomas A. , Restifo Nicholas P. , Gattinoni Luca 
Published: December 2014

Significance
We describe here a strategy based on microRNA therapeutics to augment the efficacy of T-cell–based therapies without the requirement of toxic maneuvers such as lymphodepletion preconditioning and the administration of high doses of exogenous cytokines. These findings can lead to the development of safer and more effective T-cell–based therapies for the treatment of patients with advanced cancer.
MSCs derived from iPSCs with a modified protocol are tumor-tropic but have much less potential to promote tumors than bone marrow MSCs
Authors: Zhao Qingguo , Gregory Carl A. , Lee Ryang Hwa , Reger Roxanne L. , Qin Lizheng , Hai Bo , Park Min Sung , Yoon Nara , Clough Bret , McNeill Eoin , Prockop Darwin J. , Liu Fei 
Published: December 2014

Significance
Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) offer great promise as potential therapies for cancers and other diseases. However, applications of MSCs for cancer therapy are hindered by their protumor potential under certain conditions, considerable donor variations, and limited expandability. Here we report generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived MSCs with same tumor homing capacity but much less protumor potential using a modified protocol with high derivation efficiency. Starting from iPSCs with almost unlimited expandability, the protocol can be readily scaled up to provide huge amounts of MSCs with uniform biological properties for multicenter evaluation, large animal experiments, and potential clinical trial. Moreover, therapeutic transgenes can be inserted into safe-harbor loci of iPSCs before derivation of MSCs to eliminate insertional mutation and guarantee stable expression of transgenes during prolonged expansion.
Effects of population density and body size on disease ecology of the European lobster in a temperate marine conservation zone
Authors: Davies Charlotte E. , Johnson Andrew F. , Wootton Emma C. , Greenwood Spencer J. , Clark K. Fraser , Vogan Claire L. , Rowley Andrew F. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Marine conservation zones (MCZs) are a form of spatial marine management, increasingly popular since the move towards ecosystem-based fisheries management. Implementation, however, is somewhat contentious and as a result of their short history, their effects are still widely unknown and understudied. Here, we investigate the population and health of the European lobster (Homarus gammarus) in the Lundy Island Marine Conservation Zone, Bristol Channel, UK. Using the fished refuge zone (RZ) as a control area, catch per unit effort was calculated for both the no-take zone (NTZ) and RZ and binomial logistic regression models were used to examine the effects of site, sex, landing size, and loss of chelae on the probability of shell disease and injury presence in individuals. Lobsters were also tested for the causative agent of gaffkaemia, Aerococcus viridans var. homari, and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The analysis revealed a higher lobster density and larger lobsters in the NTZ compared with the RZ. Shell disease was present in 24% of lobsters and the probability of shell disease occurrence increased notably for individuals over the minimum landing size (MLS) of 90 mm carapace length. Shell disease was also more prevalent in lobsters displaying injury, and in males. Injury was present in 33% of lobsters sampled and prevalence was higher in lobsters in the NTZ compared with the RZ, and in lobsters &gt;MLS. Aerococcus viridans var. homari was detected in &lt;1% of individuals, but WSSV was absent from all sampled lobsters. Overall, the study demonstrates both positive and potentially negative effects of NTZs, methods for effective non-lethal sampling of disease agents, and highlights the need for more comprehensive, long-term monitoring within highly protected MCZs, both before and after implementation.
High-resolution genomic surveillance of 2014 ebolavirus using shared subclonal variants
Authors: Emmett Kevin J. , Lee Albert , Khiabanian Hossein , Rabadan Raul 
Published: December 2014

AbstractViral outbreaks, such as the 2014 ebolavirus, can spread rapidly and have complex evolutionary dynamics, including coinfection and bulk transmission of multiple viral populations. Genomic surveillance can be hindered when the spread of the outbreak exceeds the evolutionary rate, in which case consensus approaches will have limited resolution. Deep sequencing of infected patients can identify genomic variants present in intrahost populations at subclonal frequencies (i.e. < 50%). Shared subclonal variants (SSVs) can provide additional phylogenetic resolution and inform about disease transmission patterns. Here, we use metrics from population genetics to analyze data from the 2014 ebolavirus outbreak in Sierra Leone and identify phylogenetic signal arising from SSVs. We use methods derived from information theory to measure a lower bound on transmission bottleneck size that is larger than one founder population, yet significantly smaller than the intrahost effective population. Our results demonstrate the important role of shared subclonal variants in genomic surveillance.
Random skin biopsy of patients with intravascular large B‐cell lymphoma associated with thrombocytopenia and coagulation abnormalities: Proposal of a modified biopsy method
Authors: Maekawa Takeo , Komine Mayumi , Murata Satoru , Fukushima Noriyoshi , Ohtsuki Mamitaro 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIntravascular large B‐cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is classified as a rare type of non‐Hodgkin's B‐cell lymphoma by the World Health Organization. It is characterized by the presence of lymphoma cells in the lumens of the small vessels of several organs, most notably the skin. Diagnosis of IVLBCL is difficult because of the lack of lymphadenopathy and because lesions need to be histologically confirmed via a biopsy of the affected organs. Random skin biopsy (RSB) of normal‐appearing skin is a useful and apparently safe means of evaluating IVLBCL. However, patients with IVLBCL often exhibit thrombocytopenia, and we describe a case in which a patient with thrombocytopenia experienced hemorrhagic shock and died shortly after RSB. For this reason, we reviewed cases of RSB performed at our hospital and found that the middle adipose tissue contained a higher percentage of atypical lymphoid cells than other layers of the skin. On the basis of our findings, we propose a strategy for the safer performance of RSB in IVLBCL patients with thrombocytopenia and coagulation abnormalities.
Immune complex negatively regulates Toll‐like receptor 9‐mediated immune responses in B cells through the inhibitory Fc‐gamma receptor IIb
Authors: Qian Li , Chen Wenyan , Qin Hongchao , Rui Chenglei , Jia Xiaoqin , Fu Yi , Gong Weijuan , Tian Fang , Ji Mingchun 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTBecause inappropriate activation of Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) may induce pathological damage, negative regulation of the TLR9‐triggered immune response has attracted considerable attention. Nonpathogenic immune complex (IC) has been demonstrated to have beneficial therapeutic effects in some kinds of autoimmune diseases. However, the role of IC in the regulation of TLR9‐triggered immune responses and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, it was demonstrated that IC stimulation of B cells not only suppresses CpG‐oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG‐ODN)‐induced pro‐inflammatory IL‐6 and IgM κ production, but also attenuates CD40 and CD80 expression. Furthermore, our results suggest that the receptor for the Fc portion of IgG (FcγR) IIb is involved in the suppressive effect of IC on TLR9‐mediated CD40, CD80 and IL‐6 expression. Finally, it was found that IC down‐regulates TLR9 expression in CpG‐ODN activated B cells. Our results provide an outline of a new pathway for the negative regulation of TLR9‐triggered immune responses in B cells via FcγRIIb. A new mechanistic explanation of the therapeutic effect of nonpathogenic IC on inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is also provided.