bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving e-economy by regional governments
Authors: Chaves Avila Rafael , Bernal Jurado Enrique , Mozas Moral Adoracion , Puentes Poyatos Raquel 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyse and assess a government support programme for business innovation in a very peripherical European region: the Spanish region of Andalucía.Design/methodology/approach– Endogenous development approach is used to categorize the main public and private actions included in the government ICT support programme. Cross-time analysis has been carried out by using three territorial indicators of diffusion and effective use of ICT: the physical aspect, refereed to the infrastructures used as a base for the information society development (infrastructures, technology and equipment); the actors and their degree of organization (firms present on the internet and support organizations and institutions); and knowledge, refereed to the technological sprawl and the entrepreneurship capacity (fostering innovation and training among the general population and businesses).Findings– The study confirms that the public policies implemented are coherent with the endogenous development approach, where investment in physical and human capital have been accompanied by enabling measures of interaction between firms and other economical agents (universities, business associations, business centres and technology institutes, etc.), with a view to favouring the dissemination of innovations and knowledge among firms. Secondly, the research assess the impact of this ICT programme, both in terms of economic growth and per capita income, as well as on the main variables that reflect the degree of business participation in the Information Society. Results show that, during the period 1996-2010, this region has made important progress in terms of convergence with more advanced European regions.Research limitations/implications– The study has methodological implications in terms of designs of further ICT programmes in less developed European regions to broke the digital divide.Practical implications– Recent outlooks of the OECD call for more assessment research on ICT national and regional policies around the world, especially those that prove that it is possible to broke the international digital divide. The present study suggests that public policies following the directives laid down by the endogenous development approach can reach this economic and social target. The Andalucía Information Society Programme constitutes a real commitment and private-public partnership towards a structural change in the technological culture amongst businesses. Investment in physical capital and human capital has been accompanied by measures that enable the interaction of firms with other economic agents (university, business associations, technology centres, etc.), with a view to favouring the dissemination of innovation and knowledge among firms.Originality/value– The study uses for the first time the endogenous development approach applied to a less advanced region for evaluation of ICT policy and it improves a methodology based on this approach to assess its effectiveness.
Intuition's value for organizational innovativeness and why managers still refrain from using it
Authors: Matzler Kurt , Uzelac Borislav , Bauer Florian 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to expand the knowledge about the value of intuition for organizational innovativeness and organizational factors inhibiting intuitive decision making.Design/methodology/approach– The study develops and tests a theoretical model that relates intuitive and deliberate decision-making styles to organizational innovativeness, and the application of either decision-making style to organizational size and decision maker's power position in an organization. Based on a survey conducted in 2011, data from 281 organizations was analyzed applying linear regression analysis.Findings– Intuitive and deliberate processing both relate positively to organizational innovativeness. Organizational size relates negatively to the application of an intuitive decision-making style, while power position relates positively to the application of an intuitive decision-making style.Research limitations/implications– The findings suggest that intuitive decision making is valuable for organizational innovativeness. Still, its application is suppressed if decision makers are in lower power positions or part of larger organizations.Originality/value– High demands on managers’ and entrepreneurs’ information processing capabilities require them to apply their full range of cognitive capabilities (i.e. deliberative and intuitive processing). Intuitive decision making, however, still seems to be confined to those who have least reason to fear critique from others.
Big data and competitive advantage at Nielsen
Authors: E. Prescott Michael 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how an international company, Nielsen Holdings, reacted to changes in their highly competitive industry brought about by advances in technology. This case presents the strategic management decisions that enabled Nielsen to regain its competitive advantage. This case further describes the functioning of the resource-based view (RBV) of strategy, dynamic capabilities framework, and digital data genesis (DDG), in a turbulent business environment.

Design/methodology/approach
– The case study is based primarily upon secondary data to include annual reports, press releases, company web site, as well as articles.

Findings
– The case study provides an example of the functioning of a once durable competitive advantage that was eroded due to advances in technology, and the steps the company took to regain that advantage. The paper illustrates the functioning of a capability and a dynamic capability in DDG.

Practical implications
– This case can be used for the teaching of decision making, business strategy, the RBV of strategy, dynamics capabilities, and DDG.

Originality/value
– This paper provides an example of the functioning of the capability and dynamic capability of DDG.
Untangling self-reinforcing processes in managerial decision making. Co-evolving heuristics?
Authors: Abatecola Gianpaolo 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– Over the last 30 years, specific investigations into self-reinforcing processes in managerial decision making have been gaining momentum within the mainstream literature of management. However, to date, it is claimed that understanding these processes properly still requires additional research efforts. Thus, the purpose of this conceptual paper is to follow this claim.Design/methodology/approach– The paper tries to inform the conversation about self-reinforcing processes in managerial decision making through adopting lenses drawing from the biological philosophy of organizational change. In particular, the co-evolutionary approach to organizational change, with a focus on CEOs, and/or top management teams (TMT), is adopted.Findings– As its core contribution, the paper proposes that self-reinforcing processes in the CEOs/TMTs’ decision making can occur because of the emergence (and subsequent consolidation) of co-evolving heuristics. On this basis, the paper also prospect potential avenues for future integrations in this field.Originality/value– As the paper concludes, advancing the general understanding of self-reinforcing processes in managerial decision making can represent an important opportunity for the research and practice of management in general, but also for some management sub-domains, such as that of behavioural strategy, in particular.
Regulatory B cells correlate with HIV disease progression
Authors: Jiao Yanmei , Wang Xi , Zhang Tong , Lijun Sun , Wang Rui , Li Wei , Ji Yunxia , Wu Hao , Liu Cuie 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA rare subset of IL‐10‐producing B cells, named Breg, was recently identified in mice and humans. Currently, there are no unified cell surface markers to identify Breg, and the relationship between the frequency of Breg and HIV disease progression in chronic HIV infection is unclear. In the present study, we determined whether the cell surface markers of Breg reported for other diseases are suitable for identifying Breg in HIV‐infected patients. In addition, we examined the relationship between Breg and HIV disease progression. We found that Breg frequency correlated positively with viral load and negatively with CD4 count in chronic HIV infection. Following antiretroviral treatment, the CD4 count increased and the frequency of Breg decreased stepwise. There was no difference in IL‐10 expression of CD1dhi or CD1dlo cells isolated from HIV‐infected patients. Therefore, CD1d may not be a marker of Breg in HIV‐infected patients.
Management of women with low grade cytology: how reassuring is a normal colposcopy examination?
Authors: Cruickshank ME , Cotton SC , Sharp L , Smart L , Walker LG , Little J ,   the TOMBOLA Group
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesTo determine the rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2+) in women with low grade cervical cytology and a normal colposcopy examination over 3 years of follow‐up.DesignCohort study within a randomised controlled trial.SettingNHS Cervical Screening Programmes in Grampian, Tayside and Nottingham.PopulationEight hundred and eighty‐four women aged 20–59 years with borderline nuclear abnormalities (BNA) or mild dyskaryosis with a normal and adequate colposcopy examination.MethodsSamples at baseline were tested for 14 high‐risk (Hr) types using GP5+6+ methodology and for HPV 16 and 18 using type‐specific primers. Women were followed up post‐colposcopy by cervical cytology at 6‐month intervals in primary care. After 3 years, women were invited for an exit colposcopy examination and underwent LLETZ if any colposcopic abnormality was identified.Main outcome measuresAbsolute and relative risks of CIN2+ during follow‐up and/or at exit colposcopy.ResultsThe median age was 36 years. The absolute risk of developing CIN2+ within 3 years was 1.86 per 100 woman years and for CIN3+, 0.64 per 100 woman years. One microinvasive cancer was identified. The relative risk (RR) was highest for women with initial mild dyskaryosis who were HrHPV‐positive (RR 5.86, 95% confidence interval 2.53–13.56) compared with women with BNA who were HrHPV‐negative.ConclusionFor women with low grade cervical cytology, the risk of a high grade CIN within 3 years of a normal colposcopy examination is low. Women can be reassured that, even with a positive HPV test, the risk of developing CIN2 or worse is sufficiently low to return to the routine 3‐year recall.
Constructing predictive models for vaginal surgery in patients with noninvasive gynecological conditions
Authors: Yuan Lei , Zhou Hong , Zhang Hao , Tang Haosha , Chen Mo , Liu Xishi , Xu Congjian , Yao Liangqing 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo develop predictive models for vaginal operative route selection based on clinical variables that can be easily assessed preoperatively in patients with noninvasive gynecological conditions.DesignRetrospective study.SettingUniversity Hospital.PopulationWomen with routine gynecological surgeries via different approaches.MethodsThe medical records of 315 women without prolapse and undergoing hysterectomy, adnexal cystectomy or myomectomy were reviewed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the vaginal approach for each procedure. Predictive models were generated and optimal cut‐off points were identified using the receiver operating characteristic curve.Main outcome measuresPredictive models for different vaginal surgical procedures.ResultsFor hysterectomy, the patient's body mass index, dysmenorrheal complaints and uterine size were identified as negative predictors for vaginal hysterectomy, whereas previous vaginal delivery was positive. For adnexal cystectomy, adnexal pathology was a negative predictor, whereas previous vaginal delivery and ovarian cyst size were positive. For myomectomy, the body mass index and number of fibroids were negative predictors while previous vaginal delivery was positive. All three models were able to predict the vaginal procedures undergone by women and the areas under the curve were 0.88, 0.95 and 0.92, respectively. Each optimal model cut‐off value (logit(p) = 0.53, 0.36, 0.73) resulted in good sensitivity (92.3%, 100% and 87.5%, respectively) and specificity (77.8%, 88.6% and 90.9%, respectively).ConclusionThese predictive models, which used clinical variables that can be easily assessed preoperatively, may help surgeons to select candidates for different vaginal procedures.
Even mild cases of paediatric Henoch‐Schönlein purpura nephritis show significant long‐term proteinuria
Authors: Tudorache Elena , Azema Christine , Hogan Julien , Wannous Hala , Aoun Bilal , Decramer Stéphane , Deschênes Georges , Ulinski Tim 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimHenoch‐Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a common cause of paediatric renal disease in children, representing 10–15% of paediatric glomerulonephritis. This study examined the long‐term outcome of biopsy‐proven HSP nephritis to identify correlations between disease development and treatment.MethodsPatients from three French centres were retrospectively analysed.ResultsWe followed up 142 patients aged from 2 to 10.5 years with HSP nephritis, graded according to the International Study Group of Kidney Disease in Childhood classification. Mean (±SD) age at presentation was 7.6 ± 2.8 years. Nephrotic range proteinuria was present in 28% of patients with Grade II lesions, 60% with Grade III and 90% with Grade IV. Significant proteinuria (>0.5 g/L) was found in nine of 48 patients 3 years after renal biopsy, eight of 25 patients after 5 years and three of 14 patients after 10 years. There was no correlation between the proteinuria risk at 3, 5 or 10 years and the initial histological lesion or treatment modality. Treatment with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEi/ARB) was linked to lower proteinuria, especially if it was started precociously.ConclusionEven mild forms of HSP nephritis risk significant long‐term proteinuria. Very early introduction of ACEi/ARB may improve the long‐term outcome independent of histological lesions.
Satisfaction following immediate breast reconstruction: Experiences in the early post‐operative stage
Authors: Murray Craig D. , Turner Alexandra , Rehan Claire , Kovacs Tibor 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesThis qualitative study aimed to achieve an understanding of women's experiences of immediate breast reconstruction following mastectomy, to better understand the factors influencing patient satisfaction.DesignNine women were recruited from a breast unit in the North West of England. Participants were 3–9 months post‐reconstruction, had received either an implant‐based or Latissimus Dorsi‐based immediate reconstruction and were not receiving any adjuvant therapies. An inductive qualitative and phenomenological approach was adopted to data collection and analysis.MethodsWomen took part in semi‐structured interviews. All interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsFour themes were generated: Seeking and receiving information; coping with the outcome of reconstruction; the need for on‐going support and a new life after surgery.ConclusionThe study highlights difficulties surrounding receiving information and decision‐making, how women make sense of recovery, how they solicit and receive support, and the process by which they begin to make sense of their futures. More focus on these areas in service provision may aid positive psychological outcomes in the recovery process following immediate breast reconstruction.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Removal of a breast often results in a loss of body integrity and femininity for women.

More women having immediate breast reconstruction are satisfied than women who have delayed reconstruction.

There is a lack of qualitative research on experiences of immediate reconstruction.

What does this study add?

The study identifies psychological difficulties around immediate breast reconstruction.

Findings indicate informational and support needs which are important for optimal service provision.
Clinical significance of prognosis using the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients undergoing radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Sung Hyun Hwan , Gyun Jeon Hwang , Jeong Byong Chang , Seo Seong Il , Jeon Seong Soo , Choi Han‐Yong , Lee Hyun Moo 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical significance of preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as prognostic factors in patients undergoing radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Patients and MethodsA total of 410 patients were retrospectively reviewed. An elevated NLR was defined as ≥2.5 and a normal ESR was considered to be in the range of 0–22 mm/h in men and 0–27 mm/h in women. Patients were divided into three groups: those with ESR and NLR in the normal range (group 0, n = 168), those with either elevated ESR or elevated NLR (group I, n = 169), and those with both elevated ESR and elevated NLR (group II, n = 73).ResultsThe median patient age was 64 years and the median follow‐up duration was 40.2 months. In all, 35.6 and 41.2% of patients had elevated NLRs and ESRs, respectively. Group II was associated with advanced tumour status in terms of size, grade, stage, lymph node and margin status (P < 0.05). Preoperative ESR (hazard ratio [HR] 1.784, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.173–2.712), NLR (HR 1.704, 95% CI 1.136–2.556), and prognostic grouping (HR 2.285, 95% CI 1.397–3.737 for group I; HR 2.962, 95% CI 1.719–5.102 for group II) were independent predictors of progression‐free survival (PFS) in the multivariate model (P < 0.05). Prognostic grouping was also an independent prognostic factor for cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Time‐dependent area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curves showed that NLR plus ESR had a greater diagnostic value than NLR alone regarding oncological outcomes (P < 0.05).ConclusionsPrognostic grouping using ESR and NLR was identified as an independent prognostic marker in patients with UTUC. The addition of ESR improved the prognostic value of NLR alone in predicting oncological outcomes. The combination of preoperative ESR and NLR might be a new prediction tool in patients with UTUC after radical nephroureterectomy.
Precipitation Regime and Nitrogen Addition Effects on Leaf Litter Decomposition in Tropical Dry Forests
Authors: Bejarano Marylin , Crosby María M. , Parra Víctor , Etchevers Jorge D. , Campo Julio 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe conducted a year‐long field experiment to investigate how nitrogen addition affected decomposition of Piscidia piscipula and Gymnopodium floribundum along a precipitation gradient in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Nitrogen addition did not affect decomposition rates at the drier sites. However, fertilization at the wettest site increased the decomposition of Gymnopodium litter and decreased the decomposition of Piscidia litter. Water‐soluble carbon and lignin, and water‐soluble carbon and nitrogen concentrations were the best predictors of decomposition for Gymnopodium and Piscidia litters, respectively. We conclude that the effects of nitrogen addition on decomposition will vary from site to site as a function of mean annual precipitation, inherent soil fertility, and species identity.
Testing for germline mutations in sporadic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma: a systematic review
Authors: Brito Juan P. , Asi Noor , Bancos Irina , Gionfriddo Michael R. , Zeballos‐Palacios Claudia L. , Leppin Aaron L. , Undavalli Chaitanya , Wang Zhen , Domecq Juan P. , Prustsky Gabriela , Elraiyah Tarig A. , Prokop Larry J. , Montori Victor M. , Murad Mohammad H. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryBackgroundThe presence of germline mutations in sporadic pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (SPPs) may change the clinical management of both index patients and their family members. However, the frequency of germline mutations in SPPs is unknown.ObjectiveTo describe the frequency of germline mutations in SPPs and to determine the value of testing index patients and their family members for these mutations.MethodsWe searched databases through June 2012 for observational studies of patients with SPPs who underwent germline genetic testing. The criteria used to define sporadic tumours were (i) the absence of a family history of PCC/PG, (ii) the absence of syndromic features, (iii) the absence of bilateral disease and (iv) the absence of metastatic disease.ResultsWe included 31 studies including 5031 patients (mean age 44). These patients received tests for any of these ten mutations: SDHAF2, RET, SDHD, SDHB, SDHC, VHL, TMEM127, MAX, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutation (IDH) and NF1. The overall frequency of germline mutation in SPP was 551 of 5031 or 11%; when studies with patients fulfilling four criteria for sporadic tumours were used, the frequency was 171 of 1332 or 13%. The most common germline mutation was SDHB 167 of 3611 (4·6%). Little outcome data were available to assess the benefits of genetic testing in index cases and family members.ConclusionsThe frequency of germline mutations in SPPs is approximately 11–13% and the most common mutations affect less than 1 in 20 patients. The value of testing for germline mutations in patients with SPPs and their family members is unknown, as the balance of potential benefits and harms remains unclear.
A Projective Framework for Polyhedral Mesh Modelling
Authors: Vaxman Amir 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe present a novel framework for polyhedral mesh editing with face‐based projective maps that preserves planarity by definition. Such meshes are essential in the field of architectural design and rationalization. By using homogeneous coordinates to describe vertices, we can parametrize the entire shape space of planar‐preserving deformations with bilinear equations. The generality of this space allows for polyhedral geometric processing methods to be conducted with ease. We demonstrate its usefulness in planar‐quadrilateral mesh subdivision, a resulting multi‐resolution editing algorithm, and novel shape‐space exploration with prescribed transformations. Furthermore, we show that our shape space is a discretization of a continuous space of conjugate‐preserving projective transformation fields on surfaces. Our shape space directly addresses planar‐quad meshes, on which we put a focus, and we further show that our framework naturally extends to meshes with faces of more than four vertices as well.
Managing Spatial Selections With Contextual Snapshots
Authors: Mindek P. , Gröller M. E. , Bruckner S. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSpatial selections are a ubiquitous concept in visualization. By localizing particular features, they can be analysed and compared in different views. However, the semantics of such selections often depend on specific parameter settings and it can be difficult to reconstruct them without additional information. In this paper, we present the concept of contextual snapshots as an effective means for managing spatial selections in visualized data. The selections are automatically associated with the context in which they have been created. Contextual snapshots can also be used as the basis for interactive integrated and linked views, which enable in‐place investigation and comparison of multiple visual representations of data. Our approach is implemented as a flexible toolkit with well‐defined interfaces for integration into existing systems. We demonstrate the power and generality of our techniques by applying them to several distinct scenarios such as the visualization of simulation data, the analysis of historical documents and the display of anatomical data.