bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bendegó, la météorite qui a traversé le Brésil
Authors: Bethônico Mabe 
Published: July 2024

Cet article présente une biographie de la météorite Bendegó, trouvée dans le sertão brésilien. Son transport vers Rio de Janeiro a pris l’allure d’une épopée à partir de 1888. Elle a emprunté des chemins de traverse pendant quatre mois avant de rejoindre Rio de Janeiro par bateau et par train, attirant les foules jusqu’à son arrivée au Musée national. Quand celui-ci fut ravagé par les flammes deux cents ans plus tard, Bendegó (re)devint une gloire nationale, rare survivante de ce désastre culturel. Si son transport auxix
e siècle était une stratégie de développement scientifique et de rayonnement international, la météorite est devenue le triste témoin de l’histoire d’une négligence envers la science et la mémoire.
Vivant aux pieds d’argile
Authors: Zeineddine Laurence Charlier , Floc’h Erwan , de Sagazan Olivier , Wahl David 
Published: July 2024

L’anthropologue Laurence Charlier Zeineddine a rencontré Olivier de Sagazan, sculpteur performeur, David Wahl, écrivain performeur et Erwan Floc’h, photographe. Dans Nos cœurs en terre, création du festival d’Avignon en 2021, ils ont expérimenté des rapports sensoriels à l’argile singuliers. Olivier de Sagazan recouvre, façonne et sculpte David Wahl avec de l’argile jusqu’à le transformer en montagne. Les photographies d’Erwan Floc’h qui composent ce portfolio manifestent le propos qui a lieu lors du spectacle : rendre compte de la relation intime entre les humains et le minéral. Le portfolio rend compte de la réflexion des performeurs et du photographe sur les qualités particulières de l’argile qui émergent des rencontres sensorielles que chacun expérimente aboutissant à une réflexion sur l’argile et le vivant.
Endometriotic Tissue–derived Exosomes Downregulate NKG2D-mediated Cytotoxicity and Promote Apoptosis: Mechanisms for Survival of Ectopic Endometrial Tissue in Endometriosis
Authors: Björk Emma , Israelsson Pernilla , Nagaev Ivan , Nagaeva Olga , Lundin Eva , Ottander Ulrika , Mincheva-Nilsson Lucia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Endometriosis, affecting 10% of women, is defined as implantation, survival, and growth of endometrium-like/endometriotic tissue outside the uterine cavity, causing inflammation, infertility, pain, and susceptibility to ovarian cancer. Despite extensive studies, its etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood and largely unknown. The prevailing view is that the immune system of endometriosis patients fails to clear ectopically disseminated endometrium from retrograde menstruation. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that exhibit immunomodulatory properties. We studied the role of endometriotic tissue–secreted exosomes in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. Two exosome-mediated mechanisms known to impair the immune response were investigated: 1) downregulation of NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity and 2) FasL- and TRAIL-induced apoptosis of activated immune cells. We showed that secreted endometriotic exosomes isolated from supernatants of short-term explant cultures carry the NKG2D ligands MICA/B and ULBP1-3 and the proapoptotic molecules FasL and TRAIL on their surface, i.e., signature molecules of exosome-mediated immune suppression. Acting as decoys, these exosomes downregulate the NKG2D receptor, impair NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity, and induce apoptosis of activated PBMCs and Jurkat cells through the FasL- and TRAIL pathway. The secreted endometriotic exosomes create an immunosuppressive gradient at the ectopic site, forming a “protective shield” around the endometriotic lesions. This gradient guards the endometriotic lesions against clearance by a cytotoxic attack and creates immunologic privilege by induction of apoptosis in activated immune cells. Taken together, our results provide a plausible, exosome-based mechanistic explanation for the immune dysfunction and the compromised immune surveillance in endometriosis and contribute novel insights into the pathogenesis of this enigmatic disease.
Cutting Edge: Redundant Roles for MHC Class II–, CD1d-, and MR1-restricted T Cells in Clearing Bartonella Infection
Authors: Siewert Lena K , Fromm Katja , Dehio Christoph , Pinschewer Daniel D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The importance of unconventional T cells for mucosal immunity is firmly established but for systemic bacterial infection remains less well defined. In this study, we explored the role of various T cell subsets in murine Bartonella infection, which establishes persistent bacteremia unless controlled by antibacterial Abs. We found that αβ T cells are essential for Ab production against and clearance of B. taylorii, whereas MHC class I (MHC-I)- or MHC class II (MHC-II)-deficient mice eliminated B. taylorii infection with normal kinetics. Similarly, animals lacking either CD1d or MR1 suppressed bacteremia with normal kinetics. Interestingly, mice with a combined deficiency of either MHC-II and CD1d or MHC-II and MR1 failed to clear the infection, indicating that the combination of CD1d- and MR1-restricted T cells can compensate for the lack of MHC-II in this model. Our data document a previously underappreciated contribution of unconventional T cells to the control of systemic bacterial infection, supposedly as helper cells for antibacterial Ab production.
Comparative study between corticosteroids and colchicine effect on interleukin-6 and Krebs-von-den Lungen-6 in treatment of post covid pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Bedir Mohamed A. E. G. , Elemery Fawzy A. E. , Elghafar Mohamed T. A. , Torky Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Background
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) involve a diverse range of over 200 lung disorders, constituting a vast group of diseases. This study aimed to compare Corticosteroids and Colchicine in the treatment of post-covid pulmonary fibrosis (PC19-PF) through the assessment of effects of these drugs on some biomarkers as interleukin-6 (IL6) and Krebs-von-den Lungen-6 (KL6).

Method
This randomized controlled study was carried out 30 patients with PC19-PF and 10 healthy volunteers. All patients were randomly classified into four equal groups: group 1: received corticosteroids in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day. Group 2: received colchicine in the dose of 500 µg/12 h for 1 month. Group 3: received both corticosteroids in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day and colchicine in the dose of 500µg/12 h for 1 month. Group 4: healthy volunteers.

Results
A 45 pg/ml was the cut off value used to demonstrate the effect of treatment on serum IL6 in studied PC19-PF patients, with a sensitivity of 77% and 70% specificity. 180 U/ml was the cut off value used to demonstrate the effect of treatment on serum KL6, serum KL6 levels provide sensitivity of 67% and 70% specificity for the effect of treatment on serum KL6. The decrease in serum IL6 and KL6 after treatment was in group 3, followed by group 1 then group 2.

Conclusion
Prednisolone and colchicine were better than prednisolone alone in treatment of PC19-PF and colchicine alone showed slight improvement.
‘Evaluation of occupational and nonoccupational interstitial lung disease in railway workers’
Authors: Mostafa Islam M. , Salem Gamal , Kader Maryam A. A. , Ruby Dina 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Occupational lung diseases include a wide variety of respiratory diseases with clinical manifestations and diagnostic test results that have features similar to nonoccupational diseases.

Aim
To determine the prevalence of occupational Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) among confirmed ILD patients admitted to the chest department of Egyptian Railway Medical Centre and the assessment of the outcome.

Patients and methods
A total of 155 patients with confirmed ILD, were subdivided into two groups: group (A) 79 patients with occupational exposure and group (B) 76 patients with nonoccupational exposure. Both groups were subjected to a detailed history, radiological assessment, arterial blood gases, and Spirometry. Data of days of hospital stay were also recorded.

Results
The prevalence of confirmed cases of ILD among occupational exposure was 1.49% versus 1.1% in the nonoccupational. Range of age in occupational group was between (31and 68 years). Chest X ray (CXR) findings were positive in 58.2% and 30.2% of occupational and nonoccupational group, respectively. Among group (A), 47.1% of the patients stayed between 11 and 15 days), 15.76% admitted to ICU, and 5.2% were mechanically ventilated. While 48% of hospitalized nonoccupational patients stayed between 6 and 10 days, 8% were admitted to ICU and 4% were mechanically ventilated.

Conclusion
The prevalence of interstitial lung diseases with occupational exposure was 1.49%, higher than non-occupational interstitial lung diseases. They were younger in age, had history of domiciliary oxygen therapy, frequent exacerbations, and previous hospital admissions. They had prolonged length of hospital stay, particularly those not using protective measures.
Causes and factors of death in the Pulmonology Department in Abidjan
Authors: Samake Kadiatou , Konéa Zakaria , Daixa Ahou Thomas Joseph , Kilankoa Grace Esther , Aholiaa Cyriaque Valencia , Bakayoko Alimata Sandia , Domouaa Kouao Medard Serge 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Respiratory diseases constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objective of our study was to identify the causes and factors associated with the death of patients in the Pulmonology Department of the Treichville University Hospital.

Patients and methods
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study analyzing patients who died while hospitalized in the Pneumology Department of Treichville University Hospital between April 2019 and April 2020.

Results
The study covered 514 files, including 177 deaths, representing an overall mortality of 34.4%. There were 109 men and 68 women with an average age of 45.20 years. The main antecedents were HIV infection (42.18%) and tuberculosis (38.1%). The main causes of death were pulmonary tuberculosis (49.69%), pneumocystosis (20.75%), and bacterial pneumonia (18.87%). Severe anemia (53.68%) and severe renal failure (19.85%) were the biological abnormalities associated with pulmonary pathologies. In univariate analysis, the factors associated with deaths were age less than 25 years, HIV seropositivity, nonmedical access to the service, self-medication, the presence of signs of initial clinical and radiological severity, a diagnosis of tuberculosis and neoplastic pathology, also the existence of difficulties during hospitalization. Multivariate analysis revealed HIV infection [odds ratio (OR)=1.46, confidence interval (CI)=0.27–0.77, P=0.003], diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (OR=1.51, CI=0.30–0.87, P=0.01), the presence of signs of clinical severity (OR=1.20, CI=0.09–0.42, P=0.00) and initial radiological severity (OR=1.27, CI=0.11–0.64, P=0.003) and the presence of difficulties during hospitalization (OR=1.16, CI=0.05–0.54, P=0.003).

Conclusion
Mortality remains high in pulmonology hospitalizations. Currently, tuberculosis and HIV infection are the main causes of death. Efforts to combat these two conditions must be strengthened by taking into account these factors associated with deaths.
Venous thromboembolism during three muslim pilgrimage seasons
Authors: Noorwali Abdulsalam A. , Alharthi Bader J. , Elgamal Essam A. , Elrefaey Wael A. , Ghita Ibrahim S. , Badr Omaima I. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially fatal condition for which prompt recognition, risk assessment and appropriate treatment must be implemented to reduce mortality and morbidity. This study was planned to analyze all cases of venous thromboembolism (VTE) admitted to the tertiary care hospital during three successive Muslim hajj seasons.

Methods
A prospective observational study that included 135 patients of which 65 patients were with deep vein thrombosis (DVT group), 50 patients were with pulmonary embolism (PE group) and 20 patients were with concomitant DVT and PE (DVT/PE group). All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, laboratory, and radiological studies.

Results
The presentation with hemodynamic compromise and the percentage of mortality were more in patients with DVT/ PE compared to patients with PE alone. The patients in the DVT group had the highest D-dimer and triglyceride levels. The patients in the PE group had the most severe tachypnea and the highest values of cardiac biomarkers and aminotransferases. The patients in the DVT/PE group had the most rapid average pulse, the lowest average blood pressure, and the lowest oxygen saturation.

Conclusions
The presentations with DVT or DVT/PE were more in females and presentation with PE without DVT was more in males. Hajjis with VTE presented with less frequent symptoms, more overt clinical signs, more hemodynamic compromise and overall mortality compared to other studies. The study information may encourage the designated health authorities to raise awareness and implement VTE preventive measures during pilgrimage season.
Personality Traits and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Individuals with Internet Use Disorder - A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Aggarwal Sonali , Arun Priti , Mehta Shivangi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The aim is to evaluate the association of personality traits, online activities, and psychiatric comorbidities with the Internet use disorder.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 481 professional college students (18–25 years) pursuing graduation. Participants responded to an online questionnaire consisting of Young’s Internet addiction test, Internet Gaming Disorder scale-short form, Big Five inventory and behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system scales (BIS/BAS) scales, and subsequent in-clinic evaluation using MINI 7.0.2 questionnaire.

Results:
Of 481 college students, 175 (36.38%) had Internet use disorder. Of these, 115 were found to have mild, 57 moderate, and 3 severe Internet use disorders with a mean age of 20.85 ± 1.84 years and sex ratio of M:F: 0.9:1. The prevalence of Internet gaming disorder was found to be 0.42%. On multivariate logistic regression, use of chat rooms (odds ratio [OR] - 1.24), instant messaging (OR - 1.33), Internet gaming (OR - 1.25), and recreational surfing (OR - 1.25) were independent predictors for Internet use disorder. Among the personality traits, on multivariate logistic regression, neuroticism (OR - 1.06) and openness to experience (OR - 1.09) were positive predictors for the presence of Internet use disorder and moderate–severe Internet use, while conscientiousness (OR - 0.87) was negative predictor. 19.4% (34/175) of students had psychiatric comorbidities (1 comorbidity – 21 students, >1 comorbidities – 13 students); the most common being major depression (alone or in combination).

Conclusions:
In this study, neuroticism and openness to experience were found to be predictors of Internet use disorder as well as moderate–severe Internet use. In addition, the use of chat rooms, instant messaging, online gaming, and recreational surfing was associated with higher Internet use disorder. A large proportion of psychiatric comorbidities with Internet use disorder were found.
A Single Large Center Experience of Medically Treating Impending Compartment Syndrome of Tibia with Deflazacort
Authors: Singh Chanchal Kumar , Khare Ghanshyam Narayan , Agrawal Prabhanjan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a rare condition characterized by increased pressure in the closed compartments of the limbs resulting in ischemic tissue necrosis. Most of the patients present following limb fractures. Apart from surgical options such as fasciotomy, which has inherent complication of myonecrosis and severe infection, conservative management with corticosteroids hasshown to be useful. We conducted this study to understand the changes in intra-compartment pressures in ACS after regular monitoring following corticosteroids treatment.

Materials and Methods:
Consecutive patients of ACS following closed fractures lower limb fractures of tibia or fibula from June 2021 to February 2022 were included. The intra-compartment pressure was measured using a manometer at the time of presentation and after 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of treatment with tab Deflazacort 6 mg × 1 Tablet × Tds. The efficacy of treatment was assessed on the basis of changes in intra-compartmental pressure and improvement in the clinical signs and symptoms of ACS.

Results:
The study included 60 patients, most (63.3%) suffering from fracture of proximal tibia or fibula (36.7%), presenting with ACS. The mean age was 32.4 ± 8.6 years and most (53%) were males. We observed a statistically significant change (P < 0.05) in the intra-compartment pressures from the baseline to 3 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h after corticosteroid treatment. None of these patients suffered from ischemic necrosis or any other complication of ACS.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that the timely diagnosis of ACS in patients with lower limb fractures and early initiation of conservative management with corticosteroids can be a mainstay of treatment in these patients. This conservative approach can avoid surgical intervention and reduce the cost of management.
Goldenhar Syndrome in a 9-year-old Patient – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Rahnuma Zarrin , Dimpleja J. , Haris Mishal Muhammad , Biswas Anirban , Roychowdhury Somen , Mondal Prosanta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The complex and rare condition known as Goldenhar syndrome (GHS) is characterized by mandibular hypoplasia, ear abnormalities, ocular dermoid and vertebral problems, and hemi facial macrosomia. The age of the patient and any systemic clinical manifestations will determine the treatment plan, which frequently calls for a multidisciplinary approach. This case study details a 9-year-old boy who presented to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dr R Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, with ear tags, ocular dermoid, and mandibular hypoplasia. The diagnosis was made using mainly the clinical features. Since GHS is a developmental disorder that can affect a patient’s quality of life in many areas, treatment must begin as soon as the child is born.
Assessment of Knowledge, Practice, and Perception about Social Media in Dentistry among Dental Students at Chengalpattu District: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Keerthana G. , Indrapriyadharshini K. , Subraman Vishnu Prasad , Keerthana S. , Jagadeson Mahesh , Ravi Karthikayan , Revanth M. P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Social media has brought incredible changes in recent times due to expanding online technological aspects which help health-care professionals to utilize them to improve patient health outcomes. It acts as an effective mode of communication for dentists to interact with patients around the globe which builds up good doctor–patient relationships. Furthermore, social media has become an abundant source of health-care patient information and acts as an excellent resource to promote health education among people.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, practice, and perception of social media in dentistry among dental students and to identify the common social media platform used by dental students to share their online dental-related posts and further evaluate their perception toward usage of social media as a tool for dental practice to share information about dental-related diseases.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted as an online survey using self-constructed questionnaires among the undergraduate and postgraduate students at Karapaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences over 6 months, from July 15, 2023 to January 15, 2024. Participants’ consent was sought and ethical approval was received from the Ethical Review Committee.

Results:
About 71.6% of the postgraduates, 68.8% of interns, and 49.45% of final-year undergraduates responded that dentistry should have an online presence with a statistically significant value of P = 0.007. The majority of about 75.3% of the postgraduates accepted that social media is effective in dental practice. This states that postgraduates contribute to higher knowledge and have adequate practice in using social media in dentistry which was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The present study identified that postgraduates contribute more in the count for sharing sufficient knowledge and also practice in using social media in dentistry. This study explains that it is the responsibility of dentists to educate patients more about utilizing social media as a key to gaining knowledge about dental diseases and treatment procedures.

Clinical Significance:
This study aims to identify the need for dentists to know more about the utilization of social media in dentistry to promote dental health education and to help the general population acquire knowledge about various dental diseases and their treatment procedures.
Tooth-Supported Overdenture – Preventive Prosthodontics to Redeem Ridge Resorption
Authors: Koul Rishu , Verma Sahil , Kalia Deepak , Verma Kamal 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This case series elaborates on tooth-supported overdenture for prosthetic rehabilitation as a treatment modality in partially edentulous patients. Loss of teeth causes continuous ridge resorption and poor denture foundation affecting the success of prosthesis. Retained natural teeth act as abutments for prosthetic rehabilitation of partial edentulous arches. Tooth-supported overdenture is the mainstay of preventive prosthodontics which preserves natural teeth and/or roots. The cases describe the use of tooth-supported complete overdenture and removable partial overdenture with metal denture base to rehabilitate partially edentulous arches. The natural teeth maintain proprioception and provide additional support, stability, retention, and psychological benefit to the patient than the conventional complete denture with completely edentulous ridges.
Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Epidemiology of Early Childhood Caries in Nigeria
Authors: Aborisade Adetayo O. , Okolo Chizoba Chineme , Oguchi Chikaodi O. , Alalade Olusegun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a prevalent dental condition among children under six years, characterized by tooth decay linked to microbial interaction with sugary substances. ECC poses significant health risks, including pain, infections, and tooth loss, impacting oral health and overall well-being.

Objective:
This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the epidemiology of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in Nigeria. The study seeks to consolidate existing literature, assess study quality, and analyze data on ECC prevalence, distribution, and severity across different regions of Nigeria.

Methods:
Following Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines, databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, and African Journals Online were systematically searched. Inclusion criteria encompass cross-sectional and cohort studies reporting ECC prevalence in healthy Nigerian children under six. Data extraction will utilize standardized protocols, focusing on WHO criteria such as dmft scores and caries severity. Quality assessment will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies.

Results:
Initial searches identified a scarcity of comprehensive studies, predominantly from southern Nigeria, highlighting the absence of national-level data on ECC in Nigeria. Data synthesis will explore geographic and demographic factors influencing ECC prevalence and severity, aiming to provide a holistic understanding of the disease burden.

Conclusion:
This review addresses the critical gap in ECC epidemiology within Nigeria, aiming to inform targeted interventions and policy decisions. By synthesizing available data, the study aims to contribute towards improving oral health outcomes among Nigerian children.