bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Reservoir Salinity, Mineralogy, Temperature, and Pressure on Geochemical Hydrogen Loss in Depleted Carbonates
Authors: Limaluka Angelo Kennedy Lino , Yogarajah Elakneswaran , Hiroyoshi Naoki , Abu-AlSaud Moataz , Cha Dong Kyu , Ayirala Subhash C. 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) is a cost-effective and safer system vital for the growth of the hydrogen market and its role as an essential transitional fuel. Presently, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs (DHR) account for more than 75% of all UHS sites due to their higher prevalence and readiness for use. However, hydrogen (H2) loss primarily due to abiotic interactions poses a significant challenge to the integrity of DHR sites, and while the underlying conditions have been investigated in some studies, the conclusions have been inconsistent, particularly for carbonate reservoirs. In this study, we analyzed the impact of reservoir physical and chemical parameters, (i.e., salinity, mineralogy, temperature, and pressure) on H2-brine-mineral interactions and the extent of H2 loss in carbonate formations. Static batch simulations were performed using PHREEQC and MATLAB® for a 1-year storage cycle period with three different brine and rock samples at 50–130°C and 15–30 MPa. The results showed that the dissociation of H2 and formation of CH4 and H2S increased with increasing temperature, at a two times higher rate compared to pressure. Also, markedly, in various brine compositions and reactive mineralogy, a 20% or less H2 loss could be attained in temperatures &lt;50°C and 115–130°C, with pressure below 17 MPa; meanwhile, the pressure condition 18 MPa and greater (at 50°C) would risk at least 50% loss, with &gt;86% from 19 MPa. Second, H2 loss increased to 80% after about 50 days for all the brines, and pressure and temperature conditions in the mineral sample with the largest composition of reactive minerals (i.e., pyrite, anhydrite, etc.) suggested a 50% loss risk in such mineralogy during the storage cycle period of about 1 month. Lastly, in the mineral sample with &gt;90 wt% calcite and 0–2 wt% reactive minerals composition, H2 molality increased at least fourfold on average across the storage period and reservoir brine/temperature/pressure conditions. This result further indicates that reactive mineralogy has a more significant effect on the stability of hydrogen relative to temperature and pressure in a carbonate UHS formation. In summary, the findings suggest that a minimal reactive mineral composition, 100°C or higher, and 17 MPa or lower constitutes a set of reservoir physical and chemical conditions with the potential for a limited risk of H2 loss (&lt;20%) in carbonate DHR. However, the extension of the present work to the dynamic UHS conditions is necessary to further ascertain these conclusions.
Exploring Alterations in the Gut Resistome in Medically Treated Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Lindstrøm Jonas Christoffer , Gjerdrum Hilde Synnøve Vollan , Brynildsrud Ola B , Tannæs Tone Møller , Kristoffersen Anja Bråthen , Ricanek Petr , Leegaard Truls M , Bjørnholt Jørgen Vildershøj , Jørgensen Silje Bakken , Tunsjø Hege S , Olbjørn Christine , Detlie Trond Espen , Jansen Jørgen , Kristensen Vendel A , Høivik Marte Lie , Hov Johannes R , Moen Aina E Fossum 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The members of the human gut microbiota contain a large diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), antiseptic resistance genes and heavy metal resistance genes, collectively known as the gut resistome. The resistome is susceptible to alterations when compositional changes occur in the gut microbiome. Medical treatment may affect members of the gut microbiota. This study hypothesizes that medication used by patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) leads to an increased prevalence and diversity of ARGs in the gut and a corresponding change in the taxonomic composition of the fecal microbiome.
Methods
Fecal samples from 16 Crohn’s Disease (CD) and 16 Ulcerative Colitis (UC) patients, and 13 symptomatic controls were subjected to metagenomic sequencing. The samples were collected before initiation of IBD medication, and after one year of treatment. Patients were treated with 5- Amino Salicylic Acid, Biological treatment, and Corticosteroids, or a combination of the three. Resistance Gene Identifier Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (RGI CARD) and regression modelling was used to analyze the abundance and diversity changes in the ARGs and the taxonomy.
Results
We found significant associations with medicine use and abundance changes for eight resistance genes (Antibiotic Resistance Ontology (ARO) terms), three AMR gene families and 16 AMR drug classes. The use of 5-ASA was associated with abundance changes in tetracyclin inactivating enzyme tet(X6) and the efflux pump efpA. This medication was also associated with significant changes in the “pyrazinamide resistant rpsA” gene family and with six drug classes (cephamycin, diaminopyrimidine, mupirocin, penem , pyrazinamide and rifamycin). Biological treatment was associated with abundance of six drug classes (Zoliflodacin, lincosamide, macrolide, pactamycin, streptogramin and tetracycline). Corticosteroids was associated with changes in ARO terms sul2, OXA beta-lactamase AMR gene family, and four drug classes (carbapenem, glycylcycline, penam and triclosan). However, the changes in ARGs were not reflected in the taxonomic composition of the microbiome.
Conclusions
All IBD medication groups were found to be associated with significant abundance changes within the fecal gut resistome between inclusion and follow-up, where corticosteroid treatment resulted in less resistance in the microbiota compared to in the persons not treated with corticosteroids.
Comparison of Sexual Identity in Identical Twins: A Systematic Review
Authors: WATSON SABRINA LEE , PARKER RICARDO 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim and scope of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive assessment of the impact nature and nurture have in influencing sexual identity, with a specific focus on the concordance or discordance of sexuality in identical twins.
Design:
Systematic literature review.
Methods
Utilizing the National University Library, Google Scholar, Credo Reference, and National Institutes of Health (NIH), twenty-three articles were collected for review. Inclusion criteria: (a) peer-reviewed texts from 1990 to 2023; (b) quantitative and qualitative studies and educational pieces categorized: Alluded to Genetics, Alluded to Environment, Nature Versus Nurture Interplay, and Human Biology, Sexuality, Behavior and History (c) written in English; descriptive details (e.g., title, data source, sample size, type of siblings, age); and core aspects (e.g., main findings, limitations, conclusion).
Results
Strong allusion, particularly to genetics, is made regarding the origin(s) of sexual identity. However, due to its multifaceted nature, conclusive evidence has not been established. Even identical twins raised in the same environment may develop different sexual identities due to individual differences (e.g,, IQ, reactions, social circles, hobbies, preferences, and beliefs).
Conclusion
Further exploratory research, quantitative analysis, methodological improvements, and integrated collaboration will provide knowledge to facilitate more impactful interventions, destigmatization initiatives, and policy development aimed at fostering equality and well-being for individuals of all identities (e.g., educational programs and training, human rights advocacy, community outreach, funding allocations, and support services).
Effect of heart rate on B-type natriuretic peptide in sinus rhythm
Authors: Fukushima Keisuke , Ogawa Kazuo , Kawai Makoto , Yoshimura Michihiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels accurately reflect the degree of cardiac overload in heart failure. Considering cardiac morphology and intracardiac pressure, including the left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), is essential for cardiac overload assessment. These indexes influence plasma BNP levels, and an elevated heart rate affects cardiac morphology. However, the direct relationship between elevated heart rate and plasma BNP levels remains unknown. In this study, we simultaneously measured various hemodynamic parameters and BNP levels during cardiac catheterization in 5,429 inpatients with sinus rhythm at our hospital. Furthermore, we examined how heart rate affects cardiac morphology, intracardiac pressure, and plasma BNP levels via regression analysis and structure equation modeling (SEM). Univariate regression analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between heart rate and log BNP levels. The path model with SEM revealed significant positive relationships of heart rate and LVESVI with left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, in addition to a significant negative relationship of heart rate and LVEDVI with log BNP. Collectively, these findings suggest no positive relationship (rather, a negative relationship) between heart rate and log BNP and that elevated heart rate indirectly increases plasma BNP levels by altering cardiac morphology and intracardiac pressure.
B2M or CIITA knockdown decreased the alloimmune response of dental pulp stem cells: an in vitro study
Authors: Hu Mingxin , Zhang Yuchen , Liu Junqing , Chen Yihan , Kang Jun , Zhong Jialin , Lin Shulan , Liang Ye , Cen Rong , Zhu Xiaofei , Zhang Chengfei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have acquired noteworthy attention for their application in treating ischemic diseases and facilitating tissue regeneration. However, the host’s immune response following allogenic DPSC transplantation often handicaps the long-term survival of transplanted cells, thereby limiting the application of DPSCs in cell therapy. This study aims to investigate whether genetic modification can alleviate the immunogenicity of DPSCs.
Methods
Beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) and the class II histocompatibility complex transactivator (CIITA) were individually knocked down in DPSCs by lentiviral particles encoding short hairpin (sh) RNAs. The self-renewal capacity and pluripotency of DPSCs-shB2M (B2M silenced DPSCs) and DPSCs-shCIITA (CIITA silenced DPSCs) were evaluated by CCK8 and differentiation assays including osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and neurogenesis. The expression of HLA-I and HLA-II in DPSCs-shB2M and DPSCs-shCIITA after IFN-γ treatment were analyzed by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. The function of genetically modified cells were assessed by leukocyte-mediated cytotoxicity and T cell proliferation assays.
Results
Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry revealed that DPSCs-shB2M and DPSCs-shCIITA exhibited impaired IFN-γ inducible HLA-I and HLA-II expression. There were no significant differences in the self-renewal capacity and pluripotency among DPSCs-shB2M, DPSCs-shCIITA, and control groups (p > 0.05). Lower leukocyte-mediated cytotoxicity and higher cell survival rates were found in DPSCs-shB2M and DPSCs-shCIITA groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). T cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in both DPSCs-shB2M and DPSCs-shCIITA groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Genetic knockdown of B2M or CIITA in DPSCs substantially reduced their immunogenicity without compromising their stemness, thereby broadening the clinical application of DPSCs in cell therapy and tissue regeneration.
Synergistic Effects of UV-B and UV-C in Suppressing Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Infection in Tomato Plants
Authors: Kean Cheang Wey , Wong Gwo Rong , Rahim Aida Nabila , Kethiravan Dharane , Harikrishna Jennifer Ann , Tan Boon Chin , Ramakrishnan Narayanan , Mazumdar Purabi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Ultraviolet radiation has emerged as an eco-friendly biocontrol agent. However, since high doses of UV are biocidal, it is crucial to determine the effects and optimal doses of UV both for fungal pathogens and host plants to maximise the benefits of such treatments. This study investigated the effects of UV-B, UV-C, and their combination treatments on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a major fungal pathogen, and tomato plants infected with S. sclerotiorum. Our results showed that the optimised cumulative UV dosage suppressed in vitro sclerotia germination, inhibited mycelial growth, increased reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation accumulation and suppressed superoxide dismutase activity in plants. In S. sclerotiorum-inoculated tomato plants, combining UV-B (3600 J/m2) and UV-C (930 J/m²) or applying UV-C (930 J/m²) alone was more effective in suppressing the pathogen (81%) compared to the UV-B (3600 J/m²) alone. The combination treatment also significantly improved fruit yield (1.83-11.88-fold), biomass (2.03-3.46-fold), bioactive compound contents [total phenolic content (1.28-6.03-fold), total flavonoid content (1.29-5.39-fold), and ascorbic acid (1.30-7.70-fold)]. Additionally, the expression of defence genes (PR1, PR2, PR5, PDF1.2, VSP2, PR3, and PR4) in combination treatment was significantly higher than in non-treated plants and individual UV-B or UV-C treatments. This is the first report demonstrating the synergistic effect of UV-B and UV-C as an effective tool for suppressing plant disease, enhancing yield, and improving the quality of agricultural produce, suggesting its potential as a combinatorial treatment for suppressing fungal diseases in crop plants.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Uncovered in Fecal Immunochemical Test Positive Patients in a Canadian Provincial Colon Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Bedi Harjot , Telford Jennifer , Penner Robert , Atkinson Kenneth , Karim Zamil , Wiesinger Holly , Fu Nancy , Rioux Kevin , Schaeffer David , MBChB Baljinder Salh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory condition that usually affects younger adults but has a second incidence peak in the older population. Most patients are diagnosed at colonoscopy to investigate symptoms but some are asymptomatic and discovered while participating in a colon screening program. We aimed to identify the incidence and outcome of subclinical IBD in Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) positive patients in the British Columbia Colon Screening Program (BCCSP).
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients who had colonoscopies for a positive FIT and were found to have colitis based on endoscopic and confirmed on histological assessment. Patient demographic, disease severity, and management data was collected.
Results:
Of 93,994 patients who were FIT positive and underwent screening colonoscopy between 2009 and 2017, 608 (0.6%) were found to have colitis. Data was extracted from 11 sites where 208 patients had colitis, and 191 of those met the inclusion criteria. 58 patients (30.4%) were diagnosed with UC, 109 patients (57.1%) with CD, and 24 (12.6%) with IBD unclassified (IBDU). Patients with CD and IBDU had higher terminal ileal intubation rates. 124 patients (64.9%) received treatment, of which 34 (17.8%) patients received biologics and 4 (2.1%) required surgery.
Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated a significant overall incidence of subclinical IBD. The predominance of CD in this population was a novel finding in our study, which is the largest of its kind in North America. Further research is needed to guide management of initially asymptomatic older patients with varying rates of IBD progression diagnosed during screening colonoscopies.
A versatile strategy to develop sequence-defined conjugated macromolecules: a powerful tool towards tunable optoelectronic properties
Authors: Koeckelberghs Guy , Milis Wout , Peeters Janine , Erkens Robin , Gerbaux Pascal , De Winter Julien 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Conjugated sequence-defined polymers represent a cutting-edge area of polymer science, merging the precision of biological macromolecules with the versatility of synthetic polymers and the unique properties of conjugated systems. While early reports focused on activation/deactivation strategies, this article presents the first orthogonal approach to developing sequence-defined conjugated macromolecules (CMs), incorporating a new monomer at each reaction step. In CMs, the primary monomer sequence meticulously determines the optoelectronic properties. Step-by-step, features such as structural defects, chain length, dispersity, functional groups, topology, and monomers used in the backbone, are carefully considered and controlled, with optical data provided to support the necessity of sequence-defined approaches in CMs. Additionally, a beyond state-of-the-art and repeatable modular approach is introduced, connecting different orthogonally developed sequences. This method enhances efficiency and accelerates the synthesis process, facilitating comprehensive structure-property analyses, paving the way for tunable materials with record-breaking properties.
Effectiveness of Various General large language models in Clinical Consensus and Case Analysis in Dental Implantology: A Comparative Study
Authors: Wu Yuepeng , Zhang Yukang , Xu Mei , jinzhi Chen , Zheng Yuchen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
This study evaluates and compares ChatGPT-4.0, Gemini 1.5, Claude 3, and Qwen 2.1 in answering dental implant questions. The aim is to help doctors in underserved areas choose the best LLMs(Large Language Model) for their procedures, improving dental care accessibility and clinical decision-making.
Methods
Two dental implant specialists with over twenty years of clinical experience evaluated the models. Questions were categorized into simple true/false, complex short-answer, and real-life case analyses. Performance was measured using precision, recall, and Bayesian inference-based evaluation metrics.
Results
ChatGPT-4 exhibited the most stable and consistent performance on both simple and complex questions. Gemini performed well on simple questions but was less stable on complex tasks. Qwen provided high-quality answers for specific cases but showed variability. Claude-3 had the lowest performance across various metrics. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences between models in diagnostic performance but not in treatment planning.
Conclusions
ChatGPT-4 is the most reliable model for handling medical questions, followed by Gemini. Qwen shows potential but lacks consistency, and Claude-3 performs poorly overall. Combining multiple models is recommended for comprehensive medical decision-making.
Analysis of prognostic-related risk factors in ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Xie Xingyun , wei Yuting , Chen Wenjuan , Wu Rongrong , Liu Chenying 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma and to explore the prognostic-related risk factors.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 102 patients diagnosed with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) in Fujian Cancer Hospital from January 2007 to December 2018. Progression-free survival time (PFS) and overall survival time (OS) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier curve, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were summarized for the clinical outcomes.Results The median follow-up time of 102 patients was 89.62 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 59.2% and 50.0%. Cox regression univariate analysis showed that stages, concurrent endometriosis, chemotherapy, standardized treatment, platinum chemoresistance, CA-125 normalization, the last CA125 ≤ 20U/ml, and venous thrombosis were associated with OS and PFS (P<0.05). The lymph node status was only related to OS (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that stage (HR = 3.475, 95%CI: 1.559–7.744, P = 0.002), standardized treatment (HR = 0.298, 95%CI༚0.137–0.648, P = 0.002) and platinum resistance (HR = 9.325, 95%CI༚4.076–21.334, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Standard treatment (HR = 0.347, 95%CI༚0.161–0.750, P = 0.007) and platinum resistance (HR = 62.709, 95%CI༚18.687-210.431, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors for PFS.Conclusion Stage ,platinum resistance and platinum-based chemotherapy are important prognostic factors in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma. CA125 levels ,endometriosis, lymph node status and venous thrombosis are also associated with prognosis.
Pharmacovigilance study of the association between progestogen and depression based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)
Authors: Gao Hui , Zhai Xiaohan , Hu Yan , Wu Hang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Progestogen commonly used in clinic include levonorgestrel, etonogestrel, medroxyprogesterone, hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, desogestrel, megestrol. Progestogenare widely used in the treatment of contraception, endometriosis, threatened abortion and other diseases. However, the correlation between progestogenand depression is not clear. Therefore, this study used the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to assess the relationship between progestogenand depression.
Methods:In this study, all data from the first quarter of 2004 to the secondquarter of 2024were extracted and imported into SAS9.4 software for data cleaning and analysis. Report Odds ratio (ROR), Proportional Report ratio (PRR), Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Contraction-machine (MGPS) were used for Bayesian analysis and disproportionation analysis.
Results: Levonorgestrel, medroxyprogesterone, etonogestrel and desogestrel showed positive signs of depression, and medroxyprogesterone also showed positive signs of major depression. Although none of the progestogenshowed a positive sign for suicide and self-harm, medroxyprogesterone showed a positive sign for suicidal thoughts.
Conclusion: Analysis of data from FAERS database showed that levonorgestrel, medroxyprogesterone, etonogestrel, desogestrel were correlated with depression. These findings provide real-world evidence of the potential risk of progestogen-related depression.
From Risk to Reward: Japan's Potential for Health and Economic Improvements
Authors: Saito Eiko , Podestà Federico 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between risky consumption behaviors, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and socioeconomic costs in Japan using the Preventable Risk Integrated ModEl (PRIME). We assess the potential impact of healthier lifestyle choices on NCD incidences and costs in 2019.
Japan's rising healthcare expenditures threaten its economic future. Excessive intake of salt, tobacco, and alcohol, along with insufficient fiber and fruit consumption, significantly contribute to high NCD rates. Our analysis shows that healthier behaviors could have prevented 564,000 NCD cases, potentially saving $35 billion in health costs and economic losses in 2019.
We consider scenarios where smokers switch to heated tobacco products (HTPs), applying conservative risk reduction estimates. Higher risk reduction levels could triple smoking-attributable savings. Projecting these savings over ten years would increase economic benefits tenfold.
The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive public health strategies promoting healthier lifestyles. Targeted interventions, such as stricter regulation of high-risk products and incentives for healthier alternatives, could reduce NCD incidences and healthcare costs. While PRIME provides valuable insights, further research is needed to refine our understanding of risk factor-disease relationships.