bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of Familial Allocentrism in Brazilian Mothers from State Capitals and Small Cities
Authors: Seidl-de-Moura Maria Lucia , Ziviani Cílio , Oliva Ângela Donato , Fioravanti-Bastos Ana Carolina , de Castro Ribas Rodolfo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis study focuses on 606 Brazilian women’s cultural models regarding their relation with their family, as evaluated by the Family Allocentrism Idiocentrism Scale (FAS). The scale was translated into Portuguese, submitted to back-translation and adapted. Analyses of the scale’s structure indicated that the best fit model involves two independent factors. Univariate GLM (General Linear Model) analyses showed that the place where mothers were raised presented a significant effect on their scores on factor 1 (normative familial allocentrism). Mothers raised on rural areas have higher scores on this factor, than the ones raised on urban areas. The opposite occurred with factor 2 (relational familial allocentrism). The set of evidences indicate that the FAS may be a bi-dimensional measure. One dimension would be part of a more stable and basic model of relation to family, constructed during development. The second dimension would be related to more recent experiences and would be more readily affected by socio-cultural context changes, including in acculturation processes.
Dimerization of LTβR by LTα1β2is necessary and sufficient for signal transduction
Authors: Sudhamsu Jawahar , Yin JianPing , Chiang Eugene Y. , Starovasnik Melissa A. , Grogan Jane L. , Hymowitz Sarah G. 
Published: November 2013

SignificanceCytokines are proteins that modulate the activity of target cells via activation of cell-surface receptors. The trimeric cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily typically signal by inducing homotrimerization of their cognate receptors. We use structural and biophysical approaches to show that the unique heterotrimeric tumor necrosis factor superfamily member Lymphotoxin (LT)α1β2induces dimerization rather than trimerization of the LTβ Receptor (LTβR). Cellular signaling assays were used to show that dimerization of LTβR is sufficient to activate intracellular signaling processes. Furthermore, disruption of receptor interactions at either site prevents signaling via LTβR, challenging the existing paradigm that trimeric complexes are required for signal transduction by the TNF family cytokines.
False memories in highly superior autobiographical memory individuals
Authors: Patihis Lawrence , Frenda Steven J. , LePort Aurora K. R. , Petersen Nicole , Nichols Rebecca M. , Stark Craig E. L. , McGaugh James L. , Loftus Elizabeth F. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
In a unique memory-distortion study with people with extraordinary memory ability, individuals with highly superior autobiographical memory (HSAM) were as susceptible as controls to false memory. The findings suggest that HSAM individuals reconstruct their memories using associative grouping, as demonstrated by a word-list task, and by incorporating postevent information, as shown in misinformation tasks. The findings also suggest that the reconstructive memory mechanisms that produce memory distortions are basic and widespread in humans, and it may be unlikely that anyone is immune. The assumption that no one is immune from false memories has important implications in the legal and clinical psychology fields, where contamination of memory has had particularly important consequences in the past.
Reconstruction of protein networks from an atlas of maize seed proteotypes
Authors: Walley Justin W. , Shen Zhouxin , Sartor Ryan , Wu Kevin J. , Osborn Joshua , Smith Laurie G. , Briggs Steven P. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Here we report deep, quantitative, and replicated proteome analysis of a developing multicellular organism. We quantified protein abundance and levels of protein phosphorylation during development of the maize seed. The depth and quantitative nature of the data enabled a network-based approach to identify kinase-substrate relationships as well as the reconstruction of biochemical and signaling networks that underpin seed development and seed storage product production. We found that many of the most abundant proteins are not associated with detectable levels of their mRNAs and vice versa. These data significantly add to our understanding of seed development and facilitate knowledge-based crop improvement.
Selection, de‐selection and progression in German football talent promotion
Authors: Güllich Arne 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis study explored to which extent the development of German professional football players is based on early talent identification (TID) and long‐term nurture in talent promotion (TP) programmes or on their emergence in the course of repeated procedures of player selection and de‐selection in these programmes through childhood and youth. The annual turnover of squad members in national junior teams (2001–2013) and youth elite academies was calculated; national U‐team members were followed up with regard to nominations through subsequent seasons and to their success level eventually achieved at senior age; and all current Bundesliga players were analysed retrospectively regarding their earlier involvement in TID/TP programmes. Analyses revealed that the mean annual turnover of squad members was 24.5% (youth academies) and 41.0% (national U‐teams), respectively. At any age, the probability of persisting in the programme three years later was <50%. Among current Bundesliga players, the age of recruitment into the TID/TP programme was widely evenly distributed across childhood and youth, respectively. Accordingly, the number of (future) Bundesliga players who were involved in TID/TP was built up continuously through all age categories. The observations suggest that the collective of professional players emerged from repeated procedures of selection and de‐selection through childhood and youth rather than from early selection and long‐term continuous nurture in TID/TP programmes. The findings are discussed with regard to the uncertainty of TID and of interventions applied to the selected players, and they are related to the individualistic and collectivistic approach in TP.
Combination of genetics and spatial modelling highlights the sensitivity of cod (Gadus morhua) population diversity in the North Sea to distributions of fishing
Authors: Heath Michael R. , Culling Mark A. , Crozier Walter W. , Fox Clive J. , Gurney William S. C. , Hutchinson William F. , Nielsen Einar E. , O'Sullivan Martha , Preedy Katharine F. , Righton David A. , Speirs Douglas C. , Taylor Martin I. , Wright Peter J. , Carvalho Gary R. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractConserving genetic diversity in animal populations is important for sustaining their ability to respond to environmental change. However, the “between-population” component of genetic diversity (biocomplexity) is threatened in many exploited populations, particularly marine fish, where harvest management regions may be larger than the spatial extent of genetically distinct subpopulations. Using single-nucleotide polymorphism data, we delineated the geographic limits of three population units of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in northwest European waters. Two of the populations cohabit the North Sea, and trawl survey data showed differing trends in their abundances. We developed a spatial model of these units to simulate population dynamics under spatial patterns of harvesting. Competition between units during the pelagic juvenile stages in the model led to suppression of the more localized northern North Sea (Viking) unit by the more widespread (Dogger) unit, and its premature extinction under some spatial patterns of fishing. Fishery catch limits for cod are set at the scale of the whole North Sea without regard to such subpopulation dynamics. Our model offers a method to quantify adjustments to regional fishing mortality rates to strike a balance between maximizing sustainable yield and conserving vulnerable populations.
NASPGHAN Nutrition University as a Model for Continuing Education Within Pediatric Nutrition
Authors: Vanderpool Charles , Lin Henry C. , Scheimann Ann 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThe North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Nutrition Committee developed the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Nutrition University (N2U) as an education resource designed to address the nutrition topics identified by pediatric gastroenterologists. N2U was initially designed as a series of lectures. Participants completed a precourse, immediate postcourse, and 6‐month postcourse assessment. The average pretest score was 74%. Participants reported learning “a great deal” and immediate postcourse test score average was 90%. Feedback from N2U participants will shape future course design, focusing on the interactive learning sessions. N2U may serve as a model for offering topic‐directed continuing medical education based on targeted physician responses and feedback.
Delay in intervention increases neonatal morbidity in births monitored with cardiotocography and ST‐waveform analysis
Authors: Kessler Jörg , Moster Dag , Albrechtsen Susanne 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of the time interval from indication of hypoxia to delivery on neonatal outcome in high‐risk pregnancies monitored with cardiotocography (CTG) and ST‐waveform analysis.DesignProspective observational study.SettingUniversity hospital, Norway, 2004–08.PopulationSingleton high‐risk births with a gestational age above 35+6 weeks, monitored with CTG and ST‐waveform analysis.MethodsLogistic regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival plots.Main outcome measureNeonatal morbidity in relation to the rapidity of intervention.ResultsOf 6010 deliveries monitored with ST‐waveform analysis, 1131 (19%) had an indication to intervene for fetal distress according to clinical guidelines. Those fetuses were at increased risk of an adverse neonatal outcome, and if delivered later than 20 min after the indication of hypoxia their risk increased further; i.e. transfer to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from an odds ratio of 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.2–2.2) to an odds ratio of 3.3 (95% confidence interval 2.5–4.3). The indication‐to‐delivery interval was longer for neonates with a 5‐min Apgar score of <7, transfer to NICU and neonatal encephalopathy than for those without adverse outcome.ConclusionIn deliveries monitored with CTG and ST‐waveform analysis, the risk of an adverse neonatal outcome was dependent on the time between indication of hypoxia and delivery. Nonadherence to the specific clinical guidelines increased the risk of neonatal morbidity.
Retinal layers measurements in healthy eyes and in eyes receiving silicone oil‐based endotamponade
Authors: Caramoy Albert , Droege Katharina M. , Kirchhof Bernd , Fauser Sascha 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurposeTo characterize the concordance/symmetry of each retinal layers in individuals without macular pathology and to further characterize the localization of inner retinal thinning in eyes receiving silicone oil‐based endotamponade.MethodsRetinal layers of one hundred eyes of 50 individuals without macular pathology were imaged using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) and manually segmented using ImageJ software (developed by Wayne Rasband, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). In the second part of the study, retrospective analysis of 3028 cases of pars plana vitrectomy in University Eye Hospital Cologne, Germany, was conducted, retrieving nine patients with silicone oil‐based endotamponade with no macular condition interfering retinal layers measurements. These patients had retinal detachment not involving the macula due to various conditions. In these patients, retinal layer segmentation was performed and compared with the fellow eye.ResultsThere is a moderate‐to‐high concordance for all retinal layers between the right and the left eye of the same individual. In eyes receiving silicone oil‐based endotamponade, the inner retinal layers become subsequently thinner. Ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers contribute most to this thinning, that is, 0.537 ± 0.096 mm3 compared with 0.742 ± 0.117 mm3; p = 0.006. Outer retinal layers were not affected by silicone oil‐based endotamponade (p = 0.439 for the differences of calculated outer retinal layers).ConclusionGanglion cell and inner retinal layers become subsequently thinner after the use of silicone oil‐based endotamponade. This study advocates the use of spectral domain optical coherence tomography for patient management with silicone oil endotamponade to early detect subsequent retinal thinning.
B cell activation through CD40 and IL4R ligation modulates the response of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells to BAFF and APRIL
Authors: Ferrer Gerardo , Bosch Rosa , Hodgson Kate , Tejero Rut , Roué Gael , Colomer Dolors , Montserrat Emili , Moreno Carol 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThe two tumour necrosis factor family proteins BAFF (TNFSF13B) and APRIL (TNFSF13) and their receptors [BAFF‐R (TNFRSF13C), TACI (TNFRSF13B), BCMA (TNFRSF17)] play a critical role in the survival of normal B cells. The sensitivity of normal B cells to BAFF and APRIL can be modulated by signals regulated by their receptors. This modulation, however, has not been extensively investigated in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells. We evaluated the expression, regulation and signalling of BAFF and APRIL receptors in normal and in CLL cells upon stimulation through CD40+IL4R and BCR. We further analysed the prognostic value of BAFF and APRIL receptors expression in patients with CLL. BCMA expression was significantly higher on CLL cells than on normal B cells. BCR and CD40+IL4R stimulation promoted an increase in TACI and BCMA expression, cell viability and activation in normal B cells. A similar effect was observed in CLL cells after CD40+IL4R but not BCR stimulation. BCMA expression correlated with unmutated IGHV genes, poor‐risk cytogenetics, and short progression‐free survival. These findings further characterize the link between CD40+IL4R regulatory signals, BAFF, APRIL and their receptors and the survival of leukaemic cells and clinical features of CLL.
Laser therapy of onychomycosis
Authors: Nenoff Pietro , Grunewald Sonja , Paasch Uwe 
Published: November 2013

SummarySince 2010 the FDA has approved laser systems as capable of producing a “temporary increase in clear nails” in patients with onychomycosis. Fungal eradication is probably mediated by heat in infrared laser systems; their efficacy has been confirmed thermographically, histologically and in electron microscopy. Another approach to decontaminate the nail organ is to disrupt fungi and spores by q‐switched pulse applications. Recently specific combinations of wavelengths have been tested for their ability to disrupt the mitochondrial transmembrane potential at physiological temperatures by generating ATP and ROS. While clinically extremely high clearance rates of approximately 87.5–95.8 % have been reported, in‐vitro investigations have failed to confirm the clearance. The variety of systems and advised parameters hampers a systematic evaluation. Recommendations for safe and practical treatment protocols, informed consent items, and combination with conventional treatment options are all areas of active work. Currently there is a lack of data concerning the long‐term efficacy of laser therapy of onychomycosis; certified treatment protocols are needed.
Use of Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Evaluating Changes in the Microstructural Integrity of White Matter Over 3 Years in Patients with Amnesic‐Type Mild Cognitive Impairment Converting to Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Fu Jian‐Liang , Liu Yu , Li Yu‐Mei , Chang Cheng , Li Wen‐Bin 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEPatients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is therefore important to identify biomarkers of conversion to AD. This study examined whether the integrity of white matter can predict this conversion.METHODSMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neuropsychological features of aMCI subjects (n = 41) were compared with normal controls (n = 20) for 12‐36 months.RESULTSCompared to controls, 22 aMCI subjects had lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the cingulate fasciculus (CF) at baseline, and 19 of those converted to AD during follow‐up. Only two of the other 19 aMCI patients converted to AD. Compared to baseline, AD converters showed lower FA values in the anterior frontal lobe, temporal lobe, hippocampus, inferior fronto‐occipital fascicles, corpus callosum genu and CF, and higher apparent diffusion coefficient values in the temporal lobe and hippocampus.CONCLUSIONSThose aMCI subjects with lower than normal FA values in the CF were more likely to convert to AD. The connectivity of the hippocampus and cingulate bundles may be affected in the early stage of AD. Impairment of white matter and fiber bundles was more severe at the AD stage than the aMCI stage.
Increased expression of MCM5 is significantly associated with aggressive progression and poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yu Shang‐Yang , Wang Yi‐Ping , Chang Julia Yu‐Fong , Shen Wei‐Ren , Chen Hsin‐Ming , Chiang Chun‐Pin 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundOverexpression of MCM5 protein has been found to be significantly associated with the progression and prognosis of several human cancers.MethodsThis study used immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of MCM5 protein in 97 specimens of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), 80 specimens of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED, including 31 mild, 29 moderate, and 20 severe OED samples), and 20 specimens of normal oral mucosa (NOM).ResultsWe found that the mean nuclear MCM5 labeling indices (LIs) increased significantly from NOM (15 ± 6%), through mild (25 ± 10%), moderate (34 ± 9%), and severe OED (43 ± 12%), to OSCC samples (61 ± 16%, P < 0.001). A significant correlation was found between the higher mean nuclear MCM5 LI and OSCCs with site at the tongue (P = 0.046), larger tumor size (P = 0.032), positive lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003), more advanced clinical stage (P = 0.002), higher histological grade (P = 0.002), deeper invasion depth (P = 0.0001), and perineural invasion (P = 0.0047). Only nuclear MCM5 LI ≧ 60% was identified as independent unfavorable prognostic factor by multivariate regression analyses (P = 0.049). The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that patients with OSCC with a nuclear MCM5 LI ≧ 60% had a significantly poorer cumulative survival than those with a nuclear MCM5 LI < 60% (log‐rank test, P = 0.0062).ConclusionsThe increased expression of MCM5 protein begins at the oral pre‐cancerous stage. The higher expression of MCM5 protein is significantly associated with the aggressive progression and poor prognosis of OSCC.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND INCOME INEQUALITY: HUMAN CAPITAL MATTERS
Authors: Lin Shu‐Chin , Kim Dong‐Hyeon , Wu Yi‐Chen 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper empirically examines whether human capital defines the association between foreign direct investment (FDI) and income inequality. Rather than focusing on one country or region, we investigate with a broad cross section of countries to address parameter heterogeneity across countries. Using the instrumental variable threshold regressions approach, we find a significant threshold level of human capital, below which FDI exerts a disproportionately positive (negative) impact on the relatively poor (rich) and hence improves income distribution. Beyond this critical level, however, FDI benefits (harms) the nonpoor (nonrich) most and thus exacerbates income inequality.
Activities of Vancomycin, Ceftaroline, and Mupirocin against Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Collected in a 2011 National Surveillance Study in the United States
Authors: Richter Sandra S. , Diekema Daniel J. , Heilmann Kristopher P. , Dohrn Cassie L. , Crispell Emily K. , Riahi Fathollah , McDanel Jennifer S. , Satola Sarah W. , Doern Gary V. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Forty-two medical centers from throughout the United States participating in a longitudinal surveillance program were asked to submit 100 consecutive
Staphylococcus aureus
isolates during July to December 2011. Susceptibility testing using CLSI broth microdilution and
mecA
detection by PCR analysis was performed on the 4,131 isolates collected. Methods employing Etest glycopeptide resistance detection (GRD; bioMérieux) and brain heart infusion agar containing 4 μg/ml vancomycin (BHIV) were used to screen methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
(MRSA) isolates for heterogeneous intermediate-level resistance to vancomycin (hVISA). Isolates with positive hVISA screen results were confirmed by population analysis profiling-area under the curve (PAP-AUC) determinations. The genetic relatedness of hVISA, ceftaroline-nonsusceptible, or high-level (HL) mupirocin resistance MRSA isolates was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Among 2,093 MRSA isolates, the hVISA screen results were positive with 47 isolates by Etest GRD and 30 isolates by BHIV agar screen. Twenty-five of the GRD- or BHIV screen-positive isolates were confirmed as hVISA by PAP-AUC testing. Results of the current study were compared to results obtained from prior surveillance performed in 2009. The prevalence of hVISA among MRSA isolates was higher in 2011 than in 2009 (1.2% versus 0.4%,
P
= 0.003), especially for isolates with a vancomycin MIC of 2 (45.4% versus 14.3%,
P
= 0.01). The overall rate of ceftaroline susceptibility in the current study was 99.4% (one hVISA isolate had an intermediate ceftaroline MIC). HL mupirocin resistance increased from 2.2% in 2009 to 3.2% in 2011 (
P
= 0.006). Although overall rates of hVISA and HL mupirocin resistance are low, they have increased since 2009.
Efficacy of Three-Week Oxytetracycline or Rifampin Monotherapy Compared with a Combination Regimen against the Filarial Nematode Onchocerca ochengi
Authors: Bah Germanus S. , Ward Emma L. , Srivastava Abhishek , Trees Alexander J. , Tanya Vincent N. , Makepeace Benjamin L. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Onchocerciasis (river blindness), caused by the filarial nematode
Onchocerca volvulus
, is a major cause of visual impairment and dermatitis in sub-Saharan Africa. As
O. volvulus
contains an obligatory bacterial symbiont (
Wolbachia
), it is susceptible to antibiotic chemotherapy, although current regimens are considered too prolonged for community-level control programs. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacies of oxytetracycline and rifampin, administered separately or in combination, against a close relative of
O. volvulus
(
Onchocerca ochengi
) in cattle. Six animals per group were treated with continuous or intermittent oxytetracycline regimens, and effects on adult worm viability, dermal microfilarial loads, and
Wolbachia
density in worm tissues were assessed. Subsequently, the efficacies of 3-week regimens of oxytetracycline and rifampin alone and a combination regimen were compared, and rifampin levels in plasma and skin were quantified. A 6-month regimen of oxytetracycline with monthly dosing was strongly adulticidal, while 3-week and 6-week regimens exhibited weaker adulticidal effects. However, all three regimens achieved >2-log reductions in microfilarial load. In contrast, rifampin monotherapy and oxytetracycline-rifampin duotherapy failed to induce substantive reductions in either adult worm burden or microfilarial load, although a borderline effect on
Wolbachia
density was observed following duotherapy. Dermal rifampin levels were maintained above the MIC for >24 h after a single intravenous dose. We conclude that oxytetracycline-rifampin duotherapy is less efficacious against
O. ochengi
than oxytetracycline alone. Further studies will be required to determine whether rifampin reduces oxytetracycline bioavailability in this system, as suggested by human studies using other tetracycline-rifampin combinations.