bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD34 immunohistochemistry in bone marrow biopsies for early response assessment in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Jain S. , Mahapatra M. , Pati H. P. 
Published: August 2015

SummaryIntroductionAcute myeloid leukemia is a heterogenous disease with respect to prognosis. Early response assessment has an established role as predictor of remission rate, and overall and disease‐free survival. Assessment of blast percentage on bone marrow aspirate smears at this stage has its own limitations.Materials and methodIn this study, a total of 100 AML cases that were positive for CD34 at the time of diagnosis were included in the study. Blast percentage obtained in bone marrow aspirate smears by morphology was compared with that obtained in bone marrow biopsy using CD34 immunohistochemistry.ResultsBone marrow aspirate and biopsy were discordant in 19% of the cases. In 15% of the cases, bone marrow aspirate blast count was ≤5% and bone marrow biopsy blast percentage was >5%.ConclusionEarly response assessment plays an important role in management of acute myeloid leukemia. In patients with CD34‐positive blasts, the CD34 IHC can improve the detection of residual blasts on Day 14 bone marrow biopsy in comparison with morphological assessment of blast percentage in bone marrow aspirate.
Utility of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype in the cardiometabolic risk assessment of youth stratified by body mass index
Authors: Buchan D. S. , Boddy L. M. , Despres J.‐P. , Grace F. M. , Sculthorpe N. , Mahoney C. , Baker J. S. 
Published: August 2015

SummaryBackgroundIt is unclear whether the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (HTWP) can be used to identify those at most risk of cardiometabolic disorders.ObjectivesThe utility of the HTWP as a useful predictor of cardiometabolic risk in youth stratified by body mass index was assessed.MethodsThree hundred and eighty‐seven children (12–17.5 years) were used within this cross‐sectional study. Participants were classified as normal weight or overweight/obese according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria. The HTWP phenotype was defined as having a waist circumference ≥90th percentile for age and gender with concomitant triglyceride concentrations ≥1.24 mmol L−1. Cardiometabolic risk profiles were compared using MANCOVA.ResultsNormal weight participants with the HTWP had significantly higher levels of C‐reactive protein 2.6 ± 0.4 vs. 1.6 ± 0.3 mg L−1 (P < 0.05) and cardiometabolic risk scores (1.3 ± 0.3 vs. −0.7 ± 0.2 and 2.1 ± 0.4 vs. −0.5 ± 0.2; both P < 0.05) compared with those of a normal weight without the HTWP. Overweight/obese participants with the HTWP had significantly higher C‐reactive protein levels (3.5 ± 0.6 vs. 2.6 ± 0.5; P < 0.05) as well as both cardiometabolic risk scores (1.6 ± 0.6 vs. 0.9 ± 0.2 and 2.2 ± 0.6 vs. 0.8 ± 0.2; both P < 0.001) when compared with overweight/obese participants without the HTWP.ConclusionsThe HTWP may serve as a simple and clinically useful approach to identify youth at increased cardiometabolic risk.
Near Surface Changes Due to 700 keV Si+ Irradiation of Titanium Silicon Carbide
Authors: Qi Qiang , Liu Chaozhuo Z. , King Bruce V. , O'Connor Daryl J. , Kisi Erich H. , Wang Kung , Shi Liqun Q. 
Published: August 2015

The radiation damage response of Ti3SiC2 heated from 120°C to 850°C during 700 keV Si+ irradiation has been investigated. The samples were analyzed using glancing incidence X‐ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. For the sample at 120°C, irradiation results in a buildup of a heterogeneous surface and the formation of TiCx. Irradiation at 200°C results in maximum microstrain, a maximum in the c lattice parameter, and the appearance of a β phase in addition to the normal α phase of Ti3SiC2. A minimum in the observed damage level near the surface was seen for irradiation at a sample temperature of 300°C but the damaged phase increases at higher temperatures. Differences between the present work and a previous C irradiation study have been ascribed to the enhanced Si defect transport at low temperatures.
Sliding Wear Behavior of ZTA with Different Yttria Stabilizer Content
Authors: Bartolomé José F. , Smirnov Anton , Sommer Frank , Landfried Richard , Gadow Rainer 
Published: August 2015

In this study, tribological investigations were carried out on ZTA ceramics with 17 vol% Y‐TZP and different stabilizer contents (1, 1.5, and 2 mol% yttria) to analyze the influence of zirconia transformation on wear properties. Samples were tested in a linearly reciprocating ball on flat setup with different applied loads. Raising the fracture toughness by transformation toughening, microcracking, and residual stresses improves the wear resistance only at transition load but increases the wear at high loads. Higher yttria content of 2 mol% and lower zirconia grain size and thus low transformability, decreases fracture toughness but increases the wear resistance at high loads. Therefore the adjustment of stabilizer content on zirconia volume fraction in ZTA plays a decisive role in tribological applications.
Nurses' perceptions of transgressive behaviour in care relationships: a qualitative study
Authors: Vandecasteele Tina , Debyser Bart , Van Hecke Ann , De Backer Tineke , Beeckman Dimitri , Verhaeghe Sofie 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAimTo acquire insight into the onset and meaning of transgressive behaviour from the perspective of nurses.BackgroundPatient aggression towards healthcare providers occurs frequently. Nurses in particular are at risk of encountering aggressive or transgressive behaviour due to the nature, duration and intensity of relationships with patients. This study analysed nurse perspectives with regard to the onset and meaning of transgressive patient behaviour in a general hospital setting.DesignQualitative research according to the grounded theory method.MethodsData were collected in 2011 through individual interviews with 18 nurses who were selected using purposive and theoretical sampling.FindingsFindings revealed that various nurse‐patient interactions can result in episodes of transgressive behaviour, depending on the interplay of determining and regulating factors which have been identified at the patient, nurse and ward level. Experiences of transgressive behaviour are influenced by degree of control nurses experience over the provision of care; the degree of patient acceptance of organizational and ward rules, the degree of gratitude and recognition expressed by the patient and the extent of patient regard for the nurse as a person. Factors affecting transgressive experiences were a trusting relationship between patient and nurse; the extent to which patient perspectives are understood; methods of managing transgressive behaviour; and the influence of the team, head nurse and ward culture and habits.ConclusionsThe results of this study can support the development of nurses' coping ability and self‐confidence to mitigate or prevent experiences of transgressive behaviour.
Left Ventricular Lead Placement Targeted at the Latest Activated Site Guided by Electrophysiological Mapping in Coronary Sinus Branches Improves Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: LIANG YANCHUN , YU HAIBO , ZHOU WEIWEI , XU GUOQING , SUN YI , LIU RONG , WANG ZULU , HAN YALING 
Published: August 2015

Optimization of LV Lead Site by EP MappingIntroductionElectrophysiological mapping (EPM) in coronary sinus (CS) branches is feasible for guiding LV lead placement to the optimal, latest activated site at cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) procedures. However, whether this procedure optimizes the response to CRT has not been demonstrated. This study was to evaluate effects of targeting LV lead at the latest activated site guided by EPM during CRT.MethodsSeventy‐six consecutive patients with advanced heart failure who were referred for CRT were divided into mapping (MG) and control groups (CG). In MG, the LV lead, also used as a mapping bipolar electrode, was placed at the latest activated site determined by EPM in CS branches. In CG, conventional CRT procedure was performed. Patients were followed for 6 months after CRT.ResultsBaseline characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. In MG (n = 29), EPM was successfully performed in 85 of 91 CS branches during CRT. A LV lead was successfully placed at the latest activated site guided by EPM in 27 (93.1%) patients. Compared with CG (n = 47), MG had a significantly higher rate (86.2% vs. 63.8%, P = 0.039) of response (>15% reduction in LV end‐systolic volume) to CRT, a higher percentage of patients with clinical improvement of ≥2 NYHA functional classes (72.4% vs. 44.7%, P = 0.032), and a shorter QRS duration (P = 0.004).ConclusionsLV lead placed at the latest activated site guided by EPM resulted in a significantly greater CRT response, and a shorter QRS duration.
Association of baseline plasma des‐acyl ghrelin level with the response to rikkunshito in patients with functional dyspepsia
Authors: Togawa Koji , Matsuzaki Juntaro , Kobayakawa Masao , Fukushima Yasushi , Suzaki Fumio , Kasugai Kunio , Nishizawa Toshihiro , Naito Yuji , Hayakawa Toshihiko , Kamiya Takeshi , Andoh Takashi , Yoshida Hideo , Tokura Yoshifumi , Nagata Hiroshi , Mori Mikiji , Kato Kimihiko , Hosoda Hiroshi , Takebayashi Toru , Miura Soichiro , Uemura Naomi , Joh Takashi , Hibi Toshifumi , Suzuki Hidekazu 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackground and Aim:We recently conducted a randomized placebo‐controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of rikkunshito, a standardized Japanese herbal medicine, for the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD). The present post‐hoc study aimed to evaluate the differences in clinical characteristics between responders and non‐responders among FD patients who received rikkunshito for 8 weeks.Methods:Rikkunshito responders were defined by using a global patient assessment. Candidate predictors included age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, comorbidity, Helicobacter pylori infection, plasma levels of acyl ghrelin and des‐acyl ghrelin, severity of dyspeptic symptoms, FD subgroup, previous medication, and the type of recruiting institution (clinic or hospital). We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) by using Cox regression analysis with the factors that were indicated to be associated with responders.Results:We assigned 83 and 42 patients to responder and non‐responder categories, respectively. Lack of alcohol consumption (HR, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–3.88) and low plasma des‐acyl ghrelin levels (< 177 fmol/mL; HR, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–4.73) were significantly associated with the efficacy of rikkunshito. Lack of alcohol consumption was associated with the efficacy of rikkunshito especially among H. pylori‐infected participants. On the other hand, the low plasma des‐acyl ghrelin was associated with the efficacy of rikkunshito especially among H. pylori‐negative participants.Conclusions:A low baseline level of plasma des‐acyl ghrelin was associated with an increased treatment efficacy of rikkunshito against FD. Lack of alcohol consumption was also clinically useful for predicting the response to rikkunshito.
Validation of a food frequency questionnaire to determine vitamin D intakes using the method of triads
Authors: Weir R. R. , Carson E. L. , Mulhern M. S. , Laird E. , Healy M. , Pourshahidi L. K. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundDietary sources of vitamin D (both natural and fortified) are increasingly contributing to consumers’ vitamin D intake and status. Therefore, the present study aimed to validate a vitamin D food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for the assessment of habitual vitamin D intake.MethodsA total of 49 apparently healthy consenting adults (aged 18–64 years) from the local community were sampled at the end of winter. Dietary intakes were recorded using a 4‐day weighed food record (4d‐WFR) and a 17‐item FFQ based on foods known to contribute to dietary vitamin D intake. Fasting vitamin D status was quantified by serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The method of triads was applied using these three measurements to determine the overall validity of the FFQ.ResultsVitamin D intakes from 4d‐WFR ranged between 0.42 and 31.65 μg day−1, whereas intakes determined from the FFQ ranged from 1.03 to 36.08 μg day−1. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations ranged between 12.89 and 279.00 nmol L−1. The mean (SD) difference between the FFQ and 4d‐WFR was +1.62 ( 3.86). There were strong correlations between the vitamin D intake estimated by the FFQ and that from the 4d‐WFR (r = 0.562) and also with serum 25(OH)D concentrations (r = 0.567). Vitamin D intake estimated from the 4d‐WFR was also strongly correlated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations (r = 0.411). The overall validity coefficient calculated using the method of triads was high (0.881).ConclusionsThe vitamin D FFQ has been validated for use in future studies aiming to assess habitual vitamin D intake.
A nested case–control study on dietary fat consumption and the risk for gallstone disease
Authors: Bertola Compagnucci A. , Perroud H. A. , Batallés S. M. , Villavicencio R. , Brasca A. , Berli D. , Pezzotto S. M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundGallstone disease (GD) incidence and prevalence rates differ between populations. Diet and lifestyle may be involved in GD development. To our knowledge, no study to date has evaluated quantitative data on diet when studying the relationship between fat consumption levels and GD in an Argentinean population. The present study aimed to assess the association between dietary fat intake and GD.MethodsA nested case–control study design was applied. Data were taken from subjects who participated in a previous cross‐sectional study carried out in a random sample of asymptomatic people in Rosario, Argentina. Participants underwent a personal interview, and current weight and height, ancestor's ethnicity, and socio‐economic status were recorded. Applying a food‐frequency questionnaire and a food photography atlas, quantitative dietary data were estimated by combining the intake frequency, portion size and food composition. Logistic regression analysis was used to compute odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals adjusted by age, sex, ancestor's ethnicity, body mass index and daily total energy intake as potential confounders.ResultsIn total, 114 patients were studied (49 cases and 65 controls), without any statistically significant differences for age, sex, socio‐economic status, body mass index and ancestry. The mean energy intake was higher in cases than in controls, and significant differences were found for dietary fat consumption. Obese or overweight people have a higher GD risk than subjects with normal weight. Increased GD risks were associated with high intakes of energy, total fat, and saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids.ConclusionsAccording to our results, total fat, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids high intakes are associated with increased GD risk.
Perineal Injury During Childbirth Increases Risk of Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Dunn Alexis B. , Paul Sudeshna , Ware Laurel Z. , Corwin Elizabeth J. 
Published: August 2015

IntroductionPerineal lacerations during childbirth affect more than 65% of women in the United States. Little attention has been given to the long‐term biologic consequences associated with perineal lacerations or possible associations with postpartum mental health. In this article, we describe the results of a study that explored inflammatory cytokines in women who reported perineal lacerations during childbirth and the relationship with stress and depressive symptoms during the first 6 months postpartum.MethodsA repeated measures design was used to explore the relationship between varying degrees of perineal lacerations, inflammatory cytokines, postpartum stress, and depressive symptoms in 153 women over 6 months. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and maternal stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale. Plasma was analyzed for proinflammatory (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐1 beta, interferon gamma) and anti‐inflammatory (interleukin 10) cytokines. Levels of cytokines were compared between women with or without varying degrees of injury.ResultsA relationship was identified between symptoms of depression and a second‐degree or more severe perineal laceration starting at one month postpartum (P = .04) and continuing through 3 months postpartum (P = .03). Similarly, stress symptoms were higher at 3 months postpartum (P = .02). Markers of inflammation were significantly higher among this group, with IL‐6 increased at 2 weeks postpartum (P = .02) and remaining elevated through 2 months postpartum (P = .003); there were also significant differences in pro‐ to anti‐inflammatory cytokine ratios out to 6 months postpartum. Regression analysis indicated that second‐degree or more severe lacerations accounted for 5.9% of the variance in EPDS score at one month postpartum (P = .024, F = 2.865, t = 2.127), increasing substantially when the one month stress score was included as well.DiscussionThis study suggests that perineal lacerations, inflammation, stress, and depressed mood are associated; however, more research is needed to elucidate the actual relationship between inflammation and mental health in women who experience such injuries.
Prevalence of Perineal Lacerations in Women Giving Birth at Midwife‐Led Birth Centers in Japan: A Retrospective Descriptive Study
Authors: Suto Maiko , Takehara Kenji , Misago Chizuru , Matsui Mitsuaki 
Published: August 2015

IntroductionPerineal lacerations during birth can cause ongoing physical, psychological, and social problems. However, the prevalence of lacerations following normal spontaneous vaginal birth in women with low‐risk pregnancies is unknown. We investigated the prevalence of perineal lacerations and factors associated with lacerations among low‐risk Japanese women who had normal spontaneous vaginal births.MethodsPregnant women who were cared for between January 1, 2008, and June 30, 2011, in 3 midwife‐led birth centers in Tokyo, Japan, where invasive medical interventions are rarely applied, were included. We investigated the prevalence of perineal lacerations and conducted univariate and multivariate analyses on the relationship between the prevalence of lacerations and selected maternal and neonatal characteristics.ResultsA total of 1881 pregnant women had initial antenatal care at one of the 3 study sites. Of these, 1521 were eligible for inclusion. Intact perineum rates were 49.5% (209/422) and 69.9% (768/1099) in nulliparous and multiparous women, respectively. First‐degree lacerations occurred in 36.7% (155/422) of nulliparous women and 27.1% (298/1099) of multiparous women, and second‐degree lacerations occurred in 13.5% (57/422) of nulliparous women and 3.0% (33/1099) of multiparous women. One multiparous woman experienced a third‐degree laceration (0.1%). No women suffered fourth‐degree or cervical lacerations. Logistic regression analyses showed that older age (≥ 35 years), the hands‐and‐knees position, and using a birthing chair during birth increased the risk of perineal laceration both in nulliparous and in multiparous women. In addition, waterbirths increased the risk of perineal laceration in multiparous women.DiscussionIn normal spontaneous vaginal births among a low‐risk population, it is possible to avoid episiotomy and achieve a high rate of intact perineum, with few second‐degree and third‐degree lacerations.
Does 3D orientation account for variation in osteon morphology assessed by 2D histology?
Authors: Hennig Cheryl , Thomas C. David L. , Clement John G. , Cooper David M. L. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe primary microstructural unit of cortical bone, the secondary osteon or Haversian system, is widely assumed to have a cylindrical shape. It is generally accepted that osteons are roughly circular in cross‐section and deviations from circularity have been attributed to deviations from longitudinal orientation. To our knowledge this idealized geometric relationship, which assumes osteons are perfect cylinders, has not been rigorously explored. As such, we sought to explore two research questions: (i) Does the orientation of osteons in 3D explain variation in shapes visualized in 2D? (ii) Can differences in osteon 3D orientation explain previously reported age‐related differences observed in their 2D cross‐sectional shape (e.g. more circular shape and decreased area with age)? To address these questions we utilized a combination of 2D histology to identify osteon shape and superimposed micro‐computed tomography data to assess osteon orientation in 3D based upon the osteonal canal. Shape was assessed by the inverse of Aspect Ratio (On.AspR−1, based on a fitted ellipse) – which ranged from 0 (infinitely elongated shape) to 1 (perfectly circular). A sample (n = 27) of human female anterior femoral cortical bone samples from across the human lifespan (20–87 years) were included in the analysis, which involved 1418 osteons. The overall mean measure of On.AspR−1 was 0.703 (1.42 Aspect Ratio). Mean osteon orientation was 79.1° (90° being longitudinal). While we anticipated a positive relation between orientation and On.AspR−1, we found the opposite – a weak negative correlation (with more oblique 3D osteon alignment, the 2D shape became more circular as reflected by increased On.AspR−1). When analysis of covariance was performed with age and orientation as covariates, the negative relation with orientation was replaced by a significant relation with age alone. This relation with age accounted for 41% of the variation of On.AspR−1. The results revealed that osteons, on average, are not circular in cross‐section and that 3D orientation cannot account for deviation from circular shape. Osteons thus are strictly speaking not cylinders, as they tend to have elliptical cross‐sections. We observed that osteons did become less elliptical in cross‐section with age independent of orientation – suggesting this is a real change in morphology.