bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of ultrathin manual and automated stripping of the endothelium in Fuchs endothelial dystrophy
Authors: DUNCOMBE A , MATHIEU B , ROSSI P , TOUBEAU D , GUEUDRY J , MURAINE M 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose This study compares two techniques of preparation of the endothelial graft: the DSAEK (Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty) and an ultrathin endothelial graft manually prepared.Methods A randomised prospective study is being conducted at the Hospital of Rouen, France. Patients presenting a Fuchs dystrophy are included in two groups. Patients from Group A receive an ultrathin manually prepared endothelial graft and patients from Group B receive a DSAEK. In order to improve the power of our study, one patient from each group is grafted on the same day, with a corneal endothelium coming from the same donor. Improvement of visual acuity is the main outcome measure. Vitality of the graft, refractive modifications induced by surgery and complications are also studied.Results Currently, 22 patients with a follow up of 6 months have been included. At inclusion, patients from Group A and B were not statistically different. Six months after surgery, mean best corrected visual acuity has significantly improved in both groups but is statistically better in Group A (0,18 logMar in Group A versus 0,31 logMar in Group B (p<0,05)). Mean endothelial cell density is 1686 cells in Group A statistically more than in Group B (1260 cells) p<0,05. There were no refractive modifications in either group. There was no episode of graft rejection.Conclusion Ultrathin endothelial graft seems to give better results than DSAEK in Fuchs dystrophy in terms of visual acuity and endothelial cell density. It could be a good alternative to DMEK (Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty) because it is easier to prepare and inject than DMEK and should then be favoured when DMEK is not possible.
Surgeon graft less viable endothelial cells than the eye bank cell count suggests
Authors: NEFZAOUI C , TRONE MC , HE Z , BERNARD A , PISELLI S , ACQUART S , THURET G , GAIN P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose it is universally admitted that a very early important postoperative decrease in ECD occurs after all types of corneal graft, generally attributed to surgical traumatism. This presumed cell loss is calculated between eye bank ECD (ebECD) and post op cell count done in recipients by specular microscopy (SM). Aim: to redefine the very early postop cell loss.Methods 1/Prospective series of consecutive penetrating keratoplasty for all‐comer indications with post‐op follow‐up by SM (SP3000‐P) performed as soon as possible and at least at D15, M1 and M3. This series provided reasonable quantification of the gap between ebECD and very early postop ECD in patients. 2/Ten pairs of corneas with comparable left/right ebECD were randomized: one cornea was grafted, the other was stored similarly and its viable ECD was measured after triple labelling with Hoechst/Ethidium/calcein‐AM (IOVS2011 Pipparelli) and quantification with CorneaJ (Cornea2014 Bernard). Graft and vECD measurement were done simultaneously. Relationship between vECD and early postop ECD were studied.Results For series 1, a gap of 623 (98‐1479) cells/mm2 (median (range)) between ebECD and early postop was measured. For series 2, vECD and early postop ECD of paired corneas were well correlated (r=0.7, P<0.05), with a difference of only 143 (5‐359) cells between them.Conclusion These 2 complementary series demonstrated that ebECD provided to surgeons overestimate the number of viable CEC grafted to patients. Taking account only the vECD at the end of storage (just before graft) and the postop ECD measured as early as possible, we show that the presumed initial very important cell loss is fictive and that the model of postop ECD decrease should be revisited.
Functional presence of Na+‐K+‐2Cl‐ cotransporter in rabbit lacrimal gland ductal epithelial cells
Authors: TÓTH‐MOLNÁR E , KATONA M , VIZVARI E , FACSKO A , VENGLOVECZ V , RAKONCZAY Z , HEGYI P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Capability of fluid secretion of rabbit lacrimal gland duct epithelial cells was recently demonstrated by the authors using isolated duct segment model developed earlier. Inhibition of basolateral Na+‐K+‐2Cl‐ cotransporter (NKCC1) with bumetanide resulted in a complete stoppage of fluid secretion. Aim of the present work was to determine the activity and the regulation of NKCC1.Methods Experiments were performed on isolated rabbit lacrimal gland interlobular duct segments. Intracellular fluorophotometry with ammonium pulse technique was used to measure cotransporter activity. The rate of bumetanide sensitive cytosolic acidification after addition of NH4‐ can be used to quantify the activity of the cotransporter. Role of various potentially stimulatory effects were investigated.Results Unstimulated activity of NKCC1 was determined. Elevated intracellular cAMP level evoked by forskolin stimulation resulted in marked increase in NKCC1 activity. Beside increased intracellular cAMP levels, low cytosolic Cl‐ concentration and cell shrinkage evoked by hyperosmotic environment were significant determinants of increased cotransporter activity.Conclusion Our earlier results suggested the dominant role of Cl‐ dependent mechanisms in lacrimal gland ductal fluid secretion. The presented experimental work proves the substantial role of NKCC1 in basolateral Cl‐ uptake. Intracellular regulation of Cl‐ handling and luminal Cl‐ secretion needs further investigation.
Pharmacological matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition blocks axonal regeneration in the damaged retinotectal system of the adult zebrafish
Authors: LEMMENS K , BOLLAERTS I , BHUMIKA S , VAN HOUCKE J , VAN HOVE I , MOONS L 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Complete restoration of the injured mammalian central nervous system (CNS) remains a challenge, making the search for regenerative molecules essential. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), (non)‐matrix protein cleaving endopeptidases, are upregulated during CNS repair, reduce glial scar formation and potentially promote axonal regrowth. As such MMPs or their underlying molecules likely form potent regenerative molecules. One study already reported upregulated mRNA levels of specific MMPs in spontaneously regenerating eyes of adult zebrafish subjected to an optic nerve crush (ONC). Here, we intend to elucidate the role of these MMPs in zebrafish retinotectal regeneration.Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to determine the protein expression pattern of MMP‐2,‐9,‐13a and ‐14 after ONC in the regenerating zebrafish retina. To investigate the role of MMPs in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axonal regeneration, a broad‐spectrum (GM6001) inhibitor was intravitreally injected at specific time points after ONC. Biocytin labeling was used to study tectal reinnervation.Results Our expression data show a spatiotemporal expression of these MMPs in the regenerating zebrafish retina and suggest an individual role in RGC survival, axonal regrowth and dendritic/synaptic remodeling. Moreover, broad‐spectrum MMP inhibition during the first week after ONC significantly reduces retinotectal regeneration without influencing RGC survival.Conclusion Our study reveals that MMPs are associated with zebrafish retinotectal regeneration and that these enzymes or their downstream targets might be of therapeutic value for the injured mammalian CNS.
Rabbit cornea epithelization after the antlerogenic stem cells of Cervus elaphus homogenate
Authors: SZUMNY D , CEGIELSKI M , GROSMAN‐DZIEWISZEK P , SZELAG A , BOCHNIA M , DZIEWISZEK W 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose There are many possibly cause of disturbances of the injured cornea epithelization, like for example corneal limbal stem‐cell deficiency, diabetes. Growing antlers constitute a model organ for examining regeneration processes of tissues because they are the only mammalian appendages capable of regeneration.Methods New Zealand White rabbits were used, one eye of each animal was treated, and the fellow eye was the control. Erosion of the corneal epithelium was performed: after local anesthesia a 3 mm diameter disc soaked in n‐heptanol was placed on the cornea for 30 seconds. Then the eye was washed with a saline. Formulation was made of antlerogenic stem cells of Cervus elaphus cultured under standard conditions. After homogenization of 500000 cells we received 1ml of drops or gel. Rabbits received the homogenate ‐ drops or gel ‐ 3 times a day. The eyes were examined using slit lamp, fluorescein staining and photography of the cornea ‐ test and 10 hours after injury. The surface of the damaged cornea was measured in pixels, analyzing the extent of damage using Adobe Photoshop CS4 ExtendeResults The results were averaged ‐ assessing the reduction in the surface of the wound over time. The experiment was terminated to obtain 100% of the closing of each corneal wound ‐ test and control groups. Corneal healing treated by the investigated preparations followed on the second day and on the 3rd day in the control group. There was observed no magnification the lesion of the injury in case of gel application in the first 10 hours.Conclusion Further experimental and clinical studies of Cervus elaphus stem cells are recommended. They are necessary for evaluation of usefulness to treat corneal injures.
Ocular toxicity of voriconazole: a case report and review of litterature
Authors: MOUNIER A , DOUMA I , EL CHEHAB H , VIE A , AGARD E , RUSSO A , DOT C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Voriconazole is an antifungal therapy widely used for invasive fungal diseases, particularly in aspergillosis.Methods We report a 77 year‐old man treated by voriconazole (100mg twice a day) for a pulmonary aspergillosis. Three days after voriconazole initiation, he complained of visual disorders such as dyschromatopsia and visual hallucinations. Visual acuity was measured at 10/10 in both eyes. Goldman visual field found a bilateral enlarged blind spot. Color vision was assessed using the Lanthony desaturate panel D 15 test, and demonstrates disorders along the tritan confusion axe for the left eye. The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) found a global decrease of the foveal peak on both eyes. Visual Evoked Potentiel (VEP) showed asymetric data and lower amplitudes of the P(100) wave on the left eye.Results In a first time, according to the dose dependant toxicity, it was decided to reduce the voriconazole dose to 50 mg twice a day. In spite of this, visual acuity decreased at 8/10 in the left eye and visual field worsed. Voriconazole was then switched with itraconazole (SPORANOX). The outcome was improved one month after, visual field and mfERG were better, visual hallucinations disappeared.Conclusion Voriconazole ocular toxicity is not well known and few publications exist on this topic. Visual hallucinations, dose dependant macular toxicity, reversible disorders were described. On our knowledge we report the first case of combined macular and optical nerve dysfonction. This case suggests that voriconazole can induce reversible macular and optical nerve dysfunctions if the treatment is early stopped. Visual symptoms must be checked and patients reffered to ophthalmology.
Characterisation of RPGRIP1 and its interacting partners in Zebrafish
Authors: KOTAPATI RAGHUPATHY R , MCCULLOCH D , CRAFT J , SHU X 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Mutations in the gene RPGRIP1 causes LCA, most severe form of retinal dystrophy. Several studies using animal models demonstrate RPGRIP1 show species specific expression and different isoforms of the gene have subcellular specific localisation. RPGRIP1 is mainly localised in the connecting cilium and interacts with RPGR, RPGRIP1L, but the exact function of the RPGRIP1 is still unclear.Methods We have carried out gene expression pattern analysis at various stages of development and different adult tissues of zebrafish using PCR and SYBR green based QPCR. We have also carried promoter analysis of human and zebrafish RPGRIP1 to understand mechanism regulating the transcription of these genes in retina using dual luciferase reporter assay.Results The expression pattern analysis of ZRPGR demonstrates ZRPGR2ORF15 and ZRPGR2Ex1‐17 have different expression pattern in the tissues and the developmental stages. ZRPGR2ORF15 is highly expressed in the eye and brain compared to the expression of ZRPGR2Ex1‐17. Both ZRPGRIP1 and ZRPGRIP1L show higher expression in the eye and ZRPGRIP1Like is highly expressed during the early stages of the development. The binding sites of key transcription binding factors such as CRX, NRL, PAX6 were identified in the 3Kb region upstream of the human RPGRIP1start‐coding site, and a 288bp fragment upstream of transcription start site directed higher luciferase activity in the RPE‐1 cells.Conclusion In this study we found that ZRPGRIP1 is highly expressed in the eye and in the early stages of development than that of its interacting partners ZRPGR and ZRPGRIP1L. 288bp promoter region upstream of human RPGRIP1 transcription start site showed high luciferase activity and supposed to be the core promoter of RPGRIP1.
The embryonic stem cell derived retinal pigment epithelial cell trial for Stargardt macular dystrophy: preliminary phase 1 results in Asian
Authors: KWON HJ , SONG W , CHOI J , CHUNG SY , KIM HJ , LEE JH 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To report interim results of Stargardt macular dystrophy(SMD) patients who underwent human embryonic stem cell derived retinal pigment epithelial cells(hES‐RPE) transplantation.Methods hESC‐RPE cells were manufactured in a fully validated good‐manufacturing‐practice facility. Total pars plana vitrectomy with induction of posterior vitreous detachment was performed in the eyes with the worst vision. A volume of 150µL of RPE reconstituted in BSS Plus with the target dose of 50000 RPE cells was injected into the subretinal space. Immunosuppression was started at lower dosages of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. Ophthalmologic examinations; ETDRS visual acuity(VA), visual field examination(VF), fluorescein angiography, spectral‐domain OCT, and electroretinography were performed.Results A 45‐year‐old male SMD patient with initial VA of 1 letter(Counting fingers) had improved to 13 letters(20/640) and smaller central scotoma observed on goldman VF at 52 weeks. A 40‐year‐old male SMD patient with initial VA of 13 letters(20/640) improved to 30 letters(20/200) at 26 weeks. Subretinal pigmentations with multiple increased autofluorescence spots were noted. A 40‐year‐old male SMD patient with initial VA of 41 letters(20/160) has stable VA of 41 letters(20/160) at 4 weeks. Subretinal pigmentations around injection site were noted at 4 weeks.Conclusion Two of three SMD patients who received the target dose and relevant immunosuppression showed gradual improvements of visual acuity only in the study eye. No serious systemic or ocular adverse events occurred. Longer follow up and further randomized studies with a control group are needed to determine the safety, tolerability, efficacy.
Ocular manifestations in a patient with osteopetrosis
Authors: KABANAROU S , MOSCHONAS K , PAPAPANOS P , KOUROUPAKI A , TSAKIRIS K , XIROU T 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To report a case of osteopetrosis, a rare genetic disorder, with ocular manifestations.Methods A 45 year old male was presented with a history of progressive visual loss. There was a past medical history of osteopetrosis. He underwent a full ophthalmic examination and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded. Subsequently, visual field test, OCT and international‐standard electrophysiological (ISCEV) evaluation including pattern and full‐field electroretinography (PERG and FFERG), visual evoked potentials (PVEP), were performed. Genetic evaluation and counselling were scheduled.Results BCVA was 0.8 in the right and hand movements in the left eye. Anterior segment examination was normal. Fundoscopy revealed disc pallor in the right eye and optic disc atrophy in the left eye. There was a visual field defect in both eyes, mainly in the left one. OCT‐RNFL thickness was found borderline in the right and reduced in the left eye. The P100 component of PVEP demonstrated latency delay in the right eye and reduced amplitude in the left eye, indicative of optic nerve dysfunction. The N95 component of PERG was also affected. Full field ERG for both scotopic and photopic responses was borderline in the right eye and subnormal in the left eye, indicating mild retinal dysfunction. Genetic testing showed mutations in the CLCN7 gene.Conclusion In osteopetrosis there is a dysfunction in or lack of osteoclasts resulting in an increase in bone mass. Visual loss occurs because of optic nerve compression, and more rarely retinal dysfunction.
Bilateral macular coloboma of sorsby: contribution of the oct
Authors: BELAHDA A , MATONTI F , RENDU I , DENIS D 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To assess the contribution of the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) for the diagnosis of macular coloboma.Methods We report the case of a 33‐year‐old patient affected by a bilateral macular coloboma of Sorsby. The medical check‐up was negative. Eye fundus imaging, OCT and fluorescein angiography were performed.Results Eye fundus imaging found a deep macular defect putting the sclera to naked, pigmented, well bounded, with size about one papilla diameter in both eyes The fluorescein retinal angiography revealed a hypofluorescent macular lesion with a bigger size than the one visible at the eye fundus. The lesion was fulfilled with fluorescein in a heterogenous way during the angiographic sequence because of atrophic damage of the pigmentary epithelium and the infringement of the surrounding choroid layer area. The OCT showed in the crater shape a depression regarding the lesion with atrophy of the retinas neurosensory, the major damage of the pigmentary epithelium, the choroïd and scleral infringement regarding the lesion. We observed more marked deficits in the scleral and the choroïdal layers than in the neurosensory retina. However, changes within the retina were also visible in the form of microcysts and of disintegration of the retinal stratification.Conclusion In front of a crater macular pigmented lesion, the first diagnosis to think about is toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis, however you should not neglect a large number of other pathologies whithin the Sorsby coloboma because the scleral defect found in OCT is strongly suggestive. The OCT’s aspect of the macular lesion allows us to diagnose with more precision a macular infringement and to confirm the diagnostic of macular coloboma.
Comparison of efficacy between focal laser photocoagulation and photodynamic therapy in CSCR
Authors: STRUPAITE R , KUOLIENE K , STRELKAUSKAITE E , ASOKLIS R 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To evaluate and compare clinical outcomes for patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) undergoing either focal laser photocoagulation (LPK), photodynamic therapy (PDT) or just observation.Methods In a retrospective, comparative case series study 73 patients (73 eyes) with acute central serous chorioretinopathy of at least 3 months’ duration were recruited. Out of 73 patients 51 were treated with LPK, 10 with half dose PDT and 12 patients have been in the observation group. Patients follow‐ups were conducted every one to two months until complete subretinal fluid resorbtion on OCT was achieved. The main outcome measures were change in BCVA by Snellen and subretinal fluid (SRF) assessed by OCT (Zeiss Stratus OCT).Results The mean age of the patients was 47.76±8.43 years (range 24‐65). 55 of 73 patients were male, 16 were female. The mean BCVA (by Snellen) at baseline was 0.81±0.23 in LPK group, 0.69±0.24 in PDT group and 0.88±0.15 in the non‐treated group. At the last visit, comparing BCVA between LPK and PDT, LPK and non‐treated group and PDT and non‐treated group – there was no statistically significant differences between these groups, p<0.289, p<0.089 and p<0.894 respectively. Comparing the central retinal thickness outcomes by OCT, there was also no statistically significant difference between these groups: LPK and PDT (p<0.387), LPK and non‐treated group (p<0.371), and PDT and non‐treated group (p<0.246).Conclusion Our study did not comfirm that any of the used therapy options is superior to another. At the final visit after treatment no statistically significant difference in anatomical and functional recovery was noted between the two modalities of treatment and observation.
Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness measurements in myopia by optical coherence tomography
Authors: MORREALE BUBELLA R , MORREALE BUBELLA D 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Our study aimed to evaluate through OCT, in a homogeneous group of subjects with various degrees of myopia, the macular thickness and that of the RNFL with the purpose of highlighting the possible presence of a correlation between their impairment and the degree of myopia.Methods 83 students of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Palermo were considered, distinguished into 4 groups, 3 of them according to the degree of myopia and the last group (control group) was made of emmetropic subjects. Each subject was submitted to a determination of visual acuity and refractive defect and evaluation of the thickness of the macular fibres and of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) through OCT (Stratus Oct 3000 ‐ Carl Zeiss Meditec inc.).Results With a growth in axial length there was a reduction in the average macular thickness in all quadrants of the parafovea with the exception of the superior one. By contrast, in the foveola and fovea there was an increase in thickness with a rise in the refractive defect. The lowest thickness was found in the emmetropic subject.Conclusion The data found therefore allow us to conclude, in agreement with others, that the progressive increase in axial length in myopic subjects involves reshaping of the arrangement of the nerve fibres which needs to be taken into account, especially in subjects with glaucoma that are also very myopic.
The relation between peripapillary and macular thickness with refractive errors
Authors: OSTADIMOGHADDAM H , AHMADI HOSSEINI M , YEKTA AA , SEDAGHAT M , AZIMI A , MOHAMMADIAN M , NAKHJANPOUR N , FAZILATI F 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To determine the correlation of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and macular thickness (MT) with type and degree of refractive errors.Methods Seventy‐four (37 myopic and 37 hyperopic) subjects with the mean age of 26.47 ± 0.75 years were participated in this study. Visual acuity (VA), Refractive errors (RE), axial length (AL), Intra ocular pressure (IOP) and corneal power (CP) were determined. RNFLT were measured by cirrus OCT using circular scan with diameter 3.4mm around optic disc, and MT was captured using radial scan in a 200 × 200mm area, Independent student T‐test was performed to compare the CP, RNFLT, MT and AL between groups. The correlation of the AL with RNFLT and MT were assessed using the Pearson correlation.Results There was a significant difference in AL between myopic and hyperopic eyes (p<0.05). In myopic eyes, the AL significantly correlated with RNFLT (p<0.001) and MT (p<0.05). Notwithstanding, axial length had no significant correlations with RNFLT and MT in hyperopic eyes. Also there is statistically significant relationship between MT and RNFLT with degree of the refractive errors in myopic eyes (p<0.05).Conclusion The results of this investigation indicated that myopes have thinner RNFLT and MT than hyperopes. These results could help clinicians in diagnosis and management of the patients with glaucoma.