bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bright high-repetition-rate source of narrowband extreme-ultraviolet harmonics beyond 22 eV
Authors: Wang He , Xu Yiming , Ulonska Stefan , Robinson Joseph S. , Ranitovic Predrag , Kaindl Robert A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractNovel table-top sources of extreme-ultraviolet light based on high-harmonic generation yield unique insight into the fundamental properties of molecules, nanomaterials or correlated solids, and enable advanced applications in imaging or metrology. Extending high-harmonic generation to high repetition rates portends great experimental benefits, yet efficient extreme-ultraviolet conversion of correspondingly weak driving pulses is challenging. Here, we demonstrate a highly-efficient source of femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses at 50-kHz repetition rate, utilizing the ultraviolet second-harmonic focused tightly into Kr gas. In this cascaded scheme, a photon flux beyond ≈3 × 1013 s−1 is generated at 22.3 eV, with 5 × 10−5 conversion efficiency that surpasses similar harmonics directly driven by the fundamental by two orders-of-magnitude. The enhancement arises from both wavelength scaling of the atomic dipole and improved spatio-temporal phase matching, confirmed by simulations. Spectral isolation of a single 72-meV-wide harmonic renders this bright, 50-kHz extreme-ultraviolet source a powerful tool for ultrafast photoemission, nanoscale imaging and other applications.
Seasonal gene expression kinetics between diapause phases in Drosophila virilis group species and overwintering differences between diapausing and non-diapausing females
Authors: Salminen Tiina S. , Vesala Laura , Laiho Asta , Merisalo Mikko , Hoikkala Anneli , Kankare Maaria 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMost northern insect species experience a period of developmental arrest, diapause, which enables them to survive over the winter and postpone reproduction until favorable conditions. We studied the timing of reproductive diapause and its long-term effects on the cold tolerance of Drosophila montana, D. littoralis and D. ezoana females in seasonally varying environmental conditions. At the same time we traced expression levels of 219 genes in D. montana using a custom-made microarray. We show that the seasonal switch to reproductive diapause occurs over a short time period and that overwintering in reproductive diapause has long-lasting effects on cold tolerance. Some genes, such as Hsc70, Jon25Bi and period, were upregulated throughout the diapause, while others, including regucalcin, couch potato and Thor, were upregulated only at its specific phases. Some of the expression patterns induced during the sensitive stage, when the females either enter diapause or not, remained induced regardless of the later conditions. qPCR analyses confirmed the findings of the microarray analysis in D. montana and revealed similar gene expression changes in D. littoralis and D. ezoana. The present study helps to achieve a better understanding of the genetic regulation of diapause and of the plasticity of seasonal responses in general.
Interaction of Vaccination and Reduction of Antibiotic Use Drives Unexpected Increase of Pneumococcal Meningitis
Authors: Domenech de Cellès Matthieu , Pons-Salort Margarita , Varon Emmanuelle , Vibet Marie-Anne , Ligier Caroline , Letort Véronique , Opatowski Lulla , Guillemot Didier 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAntibiotic-use policies may affect pneumococcal conjugate-vaccine effectiveness. The reported increase of pneumococcal meningitis from 2001 to 2009 in France, where a national campaign to reduce antibiotic use was implemented in parallel to the introduction of the 7-valent conjugate vaccine, provides unique data to assess these effects. We constructed a mechanistic pneumococcal transmission model and used likelihood to assess the ability of competing hypotheses to explain that increase. We find that a model integrating a fitness cost of penicillin resistance successfully explains the overall and age-stratified pattern of serotype replacement. By simulating counterfactual scenarios of public health interventions in France, we propose that this fitness cost caused a gradual and pernicious interaction between the two interventions by increasing the spread of nonvaccine, penicillin-susceptible strains. More generally, our results indicate that reductions of antibiotic use may counteract the benefits of conjugate vaccines introduced into countries with low vaccine-serotype coverages and high-resistance frequencies. Our findings highlight the key role of antibiotic use in vaccine-induced serotype replacement and suggest the need for more integrated approaches to control pneumococcal infections.
RapGene: a fast and accurate strategy for synthetic gene assembly in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zampini Massimiliano , Stevens Pauline Rees , Pachebat Justin A. , Kingston-Smith Alison , Mur Luis A. J. , Hayes Finbarr 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe ability to assemble DNA sequences de novo through efficient and powerful DNA fabrication methods is one of the foundational technologies of synthetic biology. Gene synthesis, in particular, has been considered the main driver for the emergence of this new scientific discipline. Here we describe RapGene, a rapid gene assembly technique which was successfully tested for the synthesis and cloning of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes through a ligation independent approach. The method developed in this study is a complete bacterial gene synthesis platform for the quick, accurate and cost effective fabrication and cloning of gene-length sequences that employ the widely used host Escherichia coli.
Inheritance of Sparkling Scales (Ginrin) Trait in Ornamental Koi Carp
Authors: Gomelsky Boris , Delomas Thomas A , Schneider Kyle J , Anil Ammu , Warner Jeffrey L 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate mechanisms of inheritance of the sparkling scales (ginrin) trait in ornamental koi, a variant of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio. The fish segregations of ginrin : nonginrin were recorded in three F1 progenies obtained by crosses of ginrin × nonginrin and 16 F2 progenies obtained by crosses of ginrin × ginrin and nonginrin × nonginrin. The segregations of ginrin : nonginrin in most F1 progenies did not differ significantly from the 1:1 Mendelian ratio, while crossing nonginrin fish from F1 progenies resulted in the appearance of only nonginrin fish in F2. Based on these data, it was suggested that the ginrin trait in koi is controlled by a dominant mutation of one gene (Gr/gr): fish with genotypes GrGr and Grgr have ginrin phenotype, while fish with genotype grgr do not possess this trait. In most analyzed F2 progenies obtained by crosses of ginrin × ginrin, the ginrin : nonginrin segregations were statistically different from the 3:1 and 2:1 theoretical ratios with permanent deficit of ginrin fish. It was suggested that the deviation of segregations from theoretical ratios resulted from increased mortality of ginrin fish as a result of possible negative pleiotropic effect of ginrin mutation on fish survival. The negative pleiotropic effect of ginrin mutation on fish growth was detected; nonginrin fish were substantially larger and heavier than ginrin fish from the same progenies raised in the same outdoor tanks.
Searching for inflationary B modes: can dust emission properties be extrapolated from 350 GHz to 150 GHz?
Authors: Tassis Konstantinos , Pavlidou Vasiliki 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Recent Planck results have shown that radiation from the cosmic microwave background passes through foregrounds in which aligned dust grains produce polarized dust emission, even in regions of the sky with the lowest level of dust emission. One of the most commonly used ways to remove the dust foreground is to extrapolate the polarized dust emission signal from frequencies where it dominates (e.g. ∼350 GHz) to frequencies commonly targeted by cosmic microwave background experiments (e.g. ∼150 GHz). In this Letter, we describe an interstellar medium effect that can lead to decorrelation of the dust emission polarization pattern between different frequencies due to multiple contributions along the line of sight. Using a simple 2-cloud model we show that there are two conditions under which this decorrelation can be large: (a) the ratio of polarized intensities between the two clouds changes between the two frequencies; (b) the magnetic fields between the two clouds contributing along a line of sight are significantly misaligned. In such cases, the 350 GHz polarized sky map is not predictive of that at 150 GHz. We propose a possible correction for this effect, using information from optopolarimetric surveys of dichroicly absorbed starlight.
H4K12 and H3K18 Acetylation Associates With Poor Prognosis in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Juliano Camila N. , Izetti Patricia , Pereira Marcia P. , dos Santos Alex P. , Bravosi Charles P. , Abujamra Ana L. , Prolla Patricia A. , Osvaldt Alessandro B. , Edelweiss Maria I. A. 
Published: June 2015

Background/Objectives:
Epigenetic deregulation may be involved in tumor cell biology, including differentiation, tumor progression, and cell death, and histone acetylation is a major regulatory mechanism of gene transcription. Patterns of global histone modifications have been recently suggested as outcome predictors in cancer patients, but few studies have been conducted on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). This study was designed to investigate the predictive value of histone acetylation modifications on PDAC.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective clinicopathologic analysis was undertaken in 119 patients diagnosed with PDAC between 2005 and 2011, and immunohistochemistry performed with polyclonal antibodies against H4K12ac, H3K9ac, and H3K18ac. Positive nuclear staining for each histone was measured as the intensity and expression, being classified into low-staining or high-staining groups. Results were analyzed in relation to patients’ clinicopathologic parameters.

Results:
There was a positive relationship between tumor differentiation and H4K12ac high scores (P<0.05) and staining with the 3 markers correlated positively with tumor stage (P<0.01). Univariate analysis showed worse survival in patients with high detection levels of H4K12ac (P=0.038) and H3K18Ac (P=0.033). A backwards Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed the independent prognostic effect of high H4K12ac and H3K18ac levels (hazard ratios of 1.6 and 1.7, respectively, P<0.05), especially for patients at early stages of disease.

Conclusions:
We propose that acetylation of H4K12 and H3K18 may be considered valuable prognostic factors for pancreatic cancer, although the mechanism involved needs further investigation. Increasing insights into histone acetylation modifications can ultimately generate new ideas for rational and molecularly based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Topics and methods in forensic accounting research
Authors: DiGabriele James A. , Huber Wm. Dennis 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purposes of this paper are to highlight those topics of forensic accounting that have received little or no attention in the forensic accounting research that has been published in forensic accounting research journals; discover what research methods have been most commonly used; and identify research methods that have been infrequently used.

Design/methodology/approach
– This is a descriptive research study that explores the topics and methods used in forensic accounting research published in forensic accounting journals.

Findings
– Fraud and quantitative methods make up the largest percentage of topics and research methods published in forensic accounting journals.

Research limitations/implications
– Limited to forensic accounting journals. Results suggest forensic accounting researchers are using mimetic topics and methods of accounting research. The absence of diversity in forensic accounting research topics and methods has the potential to compromise the overall contribution of forensic accounting research.

Practical implications
– This paper identifies gaps in topics and research methods in forensic accounting research to encourage research in diverse topics using diverse methods that will be valuable to forensic accountants.

Originality/value
– This original research is the first to survey and classify research published in forensic accounting journals according to topic and method.
Metamorphosis of a kibbutz industry: an Israeli case study
Authors: Moskovich Yaffa , Achouch Yuval 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to focus on a current trend in kibbutz industries, and to examine the numerous changes at Millennium Industries.

Design/methodology/approach
– A case study was carried out documenting the organizational biography of Millennium Industries. Ethnographic interviews were held with kibbutz members employed by the organization, former CEO’s and with other workers.

Findings
– The research describes the life cycle of the plant from its beginnings, through its maturity, its growth until its decline. It also explains the organizational failure of the plant, in terms of its background and the difficulties of managing a kibbutz industry in an era of global economy. The causes of its decline stem mainly from a kibbutz-style management based on non-professional involvement of the community in business, and incompatible with the rough competition of capitalistic markets. The plant was finally sold to a private investor, thereby losing its identity as a kibbutz plant.

Research limitations/implications
– As a single case-study this research cannot pretend to statistical generalization of the findings but linked to the kibbutz and the organizational literature, findings seem to allow generalization of theoretical propositions concerning evolution of the kibbutz industry (an analytic generalization according to Yin, 2013).

Originality/value
– While the kibbutz society and its industry are involved in deep changes for the two last decades, very little research was made on kibbutz industry. This paper should contribute to actualize the social knowledge about these specific and interesting phenomena.
Enhancing sustainability through designing for adaptive reuse from the outset
Authors: Conejos Sheila , Langston Craig , Smith Jim 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to make the case for the development of an adaptive reuse rating tool targeted to new building design that maximises the embedded adaptive reuse potential of these buildings later in their life, thereby adding to built environment sustainability.Design/methodology/approach– This exploratory study retrospectively analyses successful adaptive reuse projects to establish and test a multi-criteria decision-making model for new design projects. This paper contains a report on the final stages of the research methodology (quantitative approach) used in the development of the adaptSTAR model that critically assesses the list of design criteria identified in the first stage of the study. Improvements to the case studies that would have further enhanced their reuse potential later in life are proposed. The results are compared to an established decision tool (adaptive reuse potential [ARP] model) to determine their level of consistency.Findings– The findings of this research show that design criteria can be identified and weighted according to seven categories to calculate a building’s adaptive reuse star rating. Both the adaptSTAR and ARP models exhibit a strong relationship and are positively correlated.Originality/value– The research demonstrates that by applying adaptSTAR to new designs, it will contribute to greater sustainability for the built environment in the long term via reducing the rate of building obsolescence.
Model to study the non-linear radiation heat transfer in the stagnation-point flow of power-law fluid
Authors: Mustafa M. , Mushtaq Ammar , Hayat T. , Alsaedi A. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate non-linear radiation heat transfer problem for stagnation-point flow of non-Newtonian fluid obeying the power-law model. Power-law fluids of both shear-thinning and shear-thickening nature have been considered.

Design/methodology/approach
– Boundary layer equations are non-dimensionalized and then solved for the numerical solutions by fourth-fifth order Runge-Kutta integration based shooting technique.

Findings
– The results reveal an existence of point of inflection for the temperature distribution for sufficiently large wall to ambient temperature ratio. Moreover temperature increases and heat transfer from the plate decreases with an increase in the radiation parameter. Heat transfer rate at the sheet is bigger in dilatant (shear-thickening) fluids when compared with the pseudoplastic (shear-thinning) fluids.

Originality/value
– Different from the linear radiation heat transfer problem (which can be simply reduced to rescaling of Prandtl number by a factor containing the radiation parameter), here the energy equation is strongly non-linear and it involves an additional temperature ratio parameter

w
=T

w
/T
∞. This parameter allows studying the thermal characteristics for small/large temperature differences in the flow.
“A prison with extra flavours”: experiences of immigrants in Swedish immigration detention centres
Authors: Puthoopparambil Soorej Jose , Ahlberg Beth Maina , Bjerneld Magdalena 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The immigration detention environment largely influences the health and well-being of detainees by either aggravating medical conditions or contributing to new illness. There is limited research on how detainees experience and try to cope with this environment. The purpose of this paper is to describe experiences of detainees in Swedish immigration detention centres.

Design/methodology/approach
– Semi-structured interviews were conducted in three detention centres with a total of 21 detainees who had been detained for at least two weeks. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings
– The detainees likened immigration detention to imprisonment. They experienced lack of control over their life situation mainly through arbitrary restrictions and lack of proper response from authorities making it appear futile to seek help. This perceived lack of control forced them into passivity. Differences in amenities provided in the centres were observed and some of these were reported to assist in making detention more bearable.

Research limitations/implications
– This study provides only one stakeholder perspective. The perspectives of other stakeholders, such as detention staff, health care professionals and volunteers must be explored to improve understanding and mitigate the effects of detention.

Originality/value
– Irrespective of the better standards of detention in Sweden, the detainees considered detention as imprisonment affecting their health and well-being. If states deem detention to be necessary, improved staff-detainee interaction should be ensured through proper staff training, arbitrary restrictions within detention should be avoided and health care services should be improved.
Does the competitive orientation really lead to emphasis on different internal capabilities?
Authors: Chen Yen-Tsang , Dultra-de-Lima Ronaldo Gomes , Csillag João Mário , Oyadomari José Carlos Tiomatsu 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate if the organization competitive orientation can really make firms emphasize different internal capability. This paper aims to revisit and extend the study proposed by Fleury and Fleury (2003).Design/methodology/approach– The survey instrument was employed to collect the sample composed by 163 companies from different sectors of Brazilian market. Additionally, several statistic techniques were applied such as cluster analysis, ANOVA test and hierarchical regression analysis to investigate the phenomenon.Findings– It was observed that three possible clusters can be built based on cumulative capabilities perspective and the Operation oriented group has no emphasis on production, logistic nether R & D capability, while other two clusters have a distinctive attentions on their internal capabilities.Research limitations/implications– The limitation of this research lies in using perceptual scale for performance and few constructs with one item for measuring. On the other hand, this research has revisited the taxonomy topic based on cumulative capability perspective and discussed the trade-off concepts assumed in past studies.Practical implications– This study has demonstrated the absence of systematic strategy implementation of those that are considered Operational oriented. Additionally, the authors have demonstrated that market share and customer satisfaction performance are impacted by different competitive priority as well as internal capability.Originality/value– The authors reviewed the work proposed by Fleury and Fleury (2003), and went further in proposing a taxonomy complementation suggested by them. Additionally the authors discussed the assumptions of the taxonomies that have been adopted up today and explored this issue using cumulative capabilities concept. This work is based on competitive orientations, internal capability and cumulative capabilities suggested by seminar papers.
Alcohol-related risk and harm amongst young offenders aged 11-17
Authors: Newbury-Birch Dorothy , Jackson Katherine , Hodgson Tony , Gilvarry Eilish , Cassidy Paul , Coulton Simon , Ryan Vicky , Wilson Graeme B. , McGovern Ruth , Kaner Eileen 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) amongst young people in the criminal justice system (CJS) in the North East of England and to compare the ability of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to the Youth Justice Board ASSET tool in identifying alcohol-related need in Youth Offending Team (YOT) clients.

Design/methodology/approach
– A validated screening tool (AUDIT) was used to identify alcohol-related health risk or harm. Findings from AUDIT were compared with those of the standard criminogenic risk screening tool used in CJS (ASSET). An anonymous cross-sectional questionnaire was administered during a one-month period in 2008. The questionnaires were completed by 11-17-year-old offenders who were in contact with three YOTs, one Youth Offending Institution and one Secure Training Estate.

Findings
– In total, 429 questionnaires were completed out of a possible 639 (67 per cent). The majority (81 per cent) of the young offenders were identified as experiencing alcohol-related health risk or harm and 77 per cent scored within a possibly alcohol-dependent range. In total, 77 (30 per cent) of young people completing both assessments were identified as having an AUD by AUDIT but not identified as needing alcohol-related treatment using ASSET.

Research limitations/implications
– This research was confined to one geographical area of England, however, the results show that even in this area of high drinking by young people the levels of AUDs amongst young people in the CJS are very high.

Social implications
– There are major social implications to this research. It is imperative for changes to be made to the care pathways in place in the UK for young people coming through the CJS with alcohol-related issues.

Originality/value
– This paper adds to the evidence base by using well-validated tools to measure alcohol use amongst young people in the CJS in the UK.