bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
p–d Orbitals Coupling Heterosites of Ni2P/NiFe‐LDH Interface Enable O─H Cleavage for Water Splitting
Authors: Ge Zi‐Qi , Li Jingwei , Zhang Hui‐Jian , Liu Chunbo , Che Guangbo , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production still faces a bottleneck due to sluggish reactive kinetics and high reactive energy barriers. Herein, p–d orbital coupling P–Fe heterosites are constructed at Ni2P–FeNi‐LDH interfaces to enhance the O─H bond cleavage of reaction intermediates H2O* and OH* for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), respectively. The Ni2P/NiFe‐LDH heterostructure shows superior HER and OER activities for alkaline water splitting with overpotentials of 230 and 270 mV at 100 mA cm−2, respectively, and even exhibits high activity for electrocatalytic alkaline seawater splitting. The interaction of P 2p and Fe 3d orbitals at Ni2P–FeNi‐LDH interfaces upshifts the d‐band center of Fe and downshifts the p‐band center of P. This finding not only facilitates the dissociation of O─H bonds in H2O and promotes the Volmer–Heyrovsky step for HER, but also reduces the energy barrier for the rate‐determining step of OER from OH* to O* transition. This work proposes a new approach to constructing p–d heterosites at heterojunctions to facilitate reactive kinetics and reduce the energy barrier for electrocatalysis.
Boosted Chirality Transfer in 2D Perovskites through Structural Isomer‐Driven Halogen–Halogen Interaction
Authors: Son Jaehyun , Jang Gyumin , Ma Sunihl , Lee Hyungsoo , Lee Chan Uk , Yang Seongyeon , Lee Junwoo , Moon Subin , Jeong Wooyong , Park Jeong Hyun , Kim Jiweon , Kim Dong Ha , Park Ji‐Sang , Moon Jooho 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChiral perovskites are promising materials due to their unique ability to interact with circularly polarized light (CPL), offering great potential in advanced photonic and spintronic applications. However, specific design principles for highly chiroptically active chiral perovskites remain unclear, hindering their practical exploitation. In this study, chiral cation fluorinated isomerization approach is employed to enhance the chiroptical response of chiral perovskites. Specifically, it is systematically discovered that incorporating ortho‐fluorinated chiral cations instead of para‐fluorinated cations induces a strong organic–inorganic halogen–halogen interaction due to the unique spatial arrangement. This boosted chirality transfer, mediated by the strong halogen–halogen interaction, resulting in a fivefold improvement in the circular dichroism compared to its para‐fluorinated counterpart. Consequently, a CPL photodetector utilizing the ortho‐fluorinated chiral perovskite exhibited superior CPL distinguishability of 0.288, the highest value among 2D lead‐iodide perovskite‐based devices. Furthermore, the photodetector incorporating these structural isomers demonstrated extended operational stability as well as high photodetecting performance.
Unraveling the Capacitive Behaviors in Nanoconfined Ionophilic Carbon Pores
Authors: Li Xinyuan , Cai Congcong , Zhou Liang , Mai Liqiang , Fan Hong Jin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntensifying the synergy between confined carbon nanopores and ionic liquids (ILs) and a deep comprehension of the ion behavior is required for enhancing the capacitive storage performance. Despite many theoretical insights on the storage mechanism, experimental verification has remained lacking due to the intricate nature of pore texture. Here, a compressed micropore‐rich carbon framework (CMCF) with tailored monolayer and bilayer confinement pores is synthesized, which exhibits a compatible ionophilic interface to accommodate the IL [EMIM][BF4]. By deploying in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, the effect of the pore textures on ions storage behaviors is elucidated. A voltage‐induced ion gradient filling process in these ionophilic pores is proposed, in which ion exchange and co‐ion desorption dominate the charge storage process. Moreover, it is established that the monolayer confinement of ions enhances the capacity, and bilayer confinement facilitates the charging dynamics. This work may guide the design of nanoconfinement carbon for high‐energy‐density supercapacitors and deepen the understanding of the charge storage mechanism in ionophilic pores.
Molecular Hybrid Materials for Selective CO2 Electroreduction to Multicarbon Products
Authors: Luo Zhi‐Mei , Wang Jia‐Wei , Nikolaou Vasilis , Garcia‐Padilla Eduardo , Gil‐Sepulcre Marcos , Benet‐Buchholz Jordi , Rüdiger Olaf , DeBeer Serena , Maseras Feliu , Llobet Antoni 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectrochemical devices, using renewable energy sources, for CO2 reduction (CO2R) coupled with water oxidation is an attractive strategy for the carbon‐neutral generation of solar fuels and chemical feedstocks. Highly reduced multi‐carbon (C2+) products (e.g., ethylene, ethanol, and propanol) are among the most attractive CO2R chemicals because of their commercial value and high energy densities. Here a new molecular hybrid material is reported that combines the capacity of molecular CO2R catalyst to generate CO with the capacity of Cu(0) materials to achieve C2+ products and further tune their reactivity with organic modifiers. A Fe‐A2B2 porphyrin containing two quaternary ammonium groups that set the right CO2R onset potential for a synergistic tandem performance with Cu2O nanocubes as the precursors is prepared. Furthermore, Fe‐A2B2 porphyrin is functionalized with two thiolate substituents in order to covalently anchor the molecular catalyst onto Cu providing an intimate interaction and great stability. The structural design enables a substantially enriched CO species adsorbed on Cu facilitated by the iron porphyrin catalyst that in turn facilitates the evolution of C2+ products, as demonstrated by in situ Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the whole electrode is further coated with phenyl modifiers that regulate the proton content and hydrophilicity in the neighborhood of the active centers. This approach affords Faradaic efficiencies in the range of 50% for ethylene and 77% for C2+ products at an applied potential of −1.05 V versus RHE.
Beyond Catalysts: Pioneering a New Era in Aluminum‐Based Electrochemical Energy Systems
Authors: Elumalai Vijayakumar , Sathyaseelan Arunprasath , Nardekar Swapnil Shital , Perumalsamy Muthukumar , Sundhar Arul Saravanan Raaju , Perumal Agilan , Jeong Ji Hyun , Kim Sang‐Jae 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAqueous Aluminum‐air batteries (AABs) hold promise for advancing high‐energy density storage systems in future technologies. However, their widespread practical deployment is limited by the inherent hydrogen side reactions in Aluminum (Al) and incomplete cathodic reactions. To address these challenges, the Al‐sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) system is introduced as an alternative to traditional AABs. Utilizing Na2S2O8 allows to simultaneously achieve three critical objectives, namely, eliminating the need for a cathode catalyst, increasing the system voltage from 1.4 to 2 V, and reducing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Three distinct configurations of the Aluminum electrochemical energy system (Al‐EES) using Na2S2O8: static, flow, and gel are developed. The static configuration demonstrates a performance 1.7 times superior to that of traditional AABs. The flow configuration of Al‐EES achieves a discharge duration of 77 h, which is three to four times longer than that of AABs and exhibits an energy density of 2,650 Wh kgAl−1. This emerging technology has the potential to significantly enhance electric vehicles by providing powerful, efficient, cost‐effective, and durable power‐generation devices.
Pre‐task planning for construction worker safety and health: Implementation and assessment
Authors: Memarian Babak , Brooks Sara B. , Le Jean Christophe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCompared to other industry sectors, construction workers experience a disproportionately high rate of occupational injuries and fatalities. As research findings suggest, most of these incidents could be prevented if hazards were proactively recognized and properly addressed. In the construction industry, pre‐task planning (PTP) is a preventive process intended to describe each step of work, identify associated safety and health hazards, and recommend controls to eliminate or mitigate the hazards before work begins. Despite its importance, the construction industry lacks comprehensive guidelines to design and implement PTP in a consistent and effective manner. To fill this gap, this study pursued two objectives: (1) identify shortcomings in current PTP practices and explore recommended solutions from practitioners' perspectives and (2) translate research findings into an applied tool to help practitioners assess and improve the quality of their PTP process.MethodsTo fill the gap, 28 construction safety and health professionals and 104 workers were interviewed, and seven onsite PTP sessions were directly observed.ResultsShortcomings of current PTP practices as well as recommended solutions were categorized as (1) planning and implementation, (2) all‐trades coordination, (3) engagement and buy‐in, (4) training and logistics, (5) workforce diversity and the language barrier, and (6) PTP content accessibility.Discussion/ConclusionsAn effective PTP process should be based on workers' direct involvement and input on task requirements and hazards. It needs to be regularly updated to reflect the changing work conditions. In addition to task‐related information, to increase workers' awareness, PTP should paint a holistic view of the project and other trades' scopes.
Mechanism and Selectivities of [Cu]/[M] (M=Pd, Ni) Synergistic Catalyzed Alkene Arylboration: A DFT Investigation
Authors: Liu Qing , Sun Yuanyuan , Qin Mei , Li Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe transition metal–catalyzed boronation reactions are considered as one of the most effective methods for the synthesis of alkylboranes in terms of functional group compatibility and reactivity. Herein, the mechanism of synergistic catalysis of alkene arylboration by [Cu]/[M] (M=Pd, Ni) bimetallic catalysts, as well as the regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of the reactions, has been investigated by using DFT calculations. The results show that four processes are involved in the whole reaction: [Cu]‐catalyzed borylcuprization of alkene, [Pd] or [Ni]‐catalyzed oxidative addition of halogenated aryl groups, transmetalation, and reductive elimination. [Cu]/[Ni] bimetallic catalysts show the same catalytic activity as [Cu]/[Pd] catalysts and are good economic alternatives for the alkene arylboration. The cleavage of B–B bond of B2Pin2 is the rate‐determining step. The regioselectivity of the title reaction is determined by the mode of the alkene insertion into the Cu–B bond. The attacking of C atom with the more electron‐rich character in alkyne makes for the formation of the main product. The small energy barrier difference between the rotation of the Cu‐C σ bond from the syn‐9 to the anti‐9 controls the stereoselectivity. Our findings provide a thorough explanation of the experimental results and shed light on the further development of the alkene functionalization.
Cultural dimensions and sustainability disclosure in the banking sector: Insights from a qualitative comparative analysis approach
Authors: Nicolò Giuseppe , Zanellato Gianluca , Esposito Benedetta , Tiron‐Tudor Adriana 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study adopts an innovative, holistic research approach based on fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fs‐QCA) to deeply delve into national cultural dimensions' role in affecting banks' sustainability disclosure practices in the Eastern European (EE) region. Accordingly, this study aims to identify whether one or more configurations of cultural dimensions derived from Hofstede's national culture framework are conducive to higher levels of sustainability disclosure, using a sample including the five largest banks in each country of the ‘Bucharest Nine’ (B9) area over 2018–2022 period. Results evidence that sustainability disclosure patterns are not homogeneous among the banks operating in B9 countries. After the introduction of Directive 95/2014/EU, banks in some countries maintained relatively constant levels of sustainability disclosure, while others experienced steady growth rates. No cultural dimension alone would likely determine higher sustainability disclosure levels among B9 banks, confirming that normative pressures influencing EE banks' sustainability disclosure practices result from a combination of more cultural facets. In particular, fs‐QCA highlights a bundle of cultural dimension configurations that mould stakeholders' expectations in investigated countries, exerting pressures on banks to enhance their transparency on sustainability issues. The presence of power distance recurs in most configurations as a factor enabling higher sustainability disclosure levels. On the other hand, in most cases, the presence of uncertainty avoidance and long‐term orientation is conducive to higher banks' sustainability and transparency.
Comprehensive review and study for the CMOS transformer tank voltage‐controlled oscillator
Authors: Mansour Marwa , Mansour Islam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article comprehensively reviews and studies CMOS transformer tank voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCOs) designed to improve the frequency tuning range (FTR) and minimize phase noise (PN) across a broad frequency range, particularly for mm‐wave and fifth‐generation applications. The study focuses on enhancing the performance of the oscillators to meet the demanding requirements of these advanced applications. This study thoroughly investigates and compares various strategies to increase the FTR, minimize PN, and reduce power dissipation in transformer tank VCOs. The aim is to establish fundamental guidelines for implementing transformer‐based tank VCOs. The study comprehensively reviews and analyzes the overall architecture of transformer‐based tank VCOs, presenting a detailed examination of the methods employed to enhance VCO performance. Additionally, the study illustrates the impact of the coupling factor on the VCO's performance parameters, detailing and demonstrating the overall tank circuit quality factor (Q) and resonator coupling factor (κ). A thorough understanding of PN methodology and the limitations of FTR has led to the development of innovative architectures. These include transformer‐based capacitive feedback (FB) oscillators with resistively adjusted variable inductors, as well as class‐F and inverse class‐F VCOs. These novel architectures contribute significantly to the improvement of oscillator performance.
A hybrid carrier‐based discontinuous PWM with neutral‐point voltage ripple and current distortion reduction for Vienna rectifier
Authors: Pei Yushuo , Tang Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe three‐level Vienna rectifier is widely used in industrial applications, such as electric vehicle charging systems and telecommunication power systems. Discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM) is widely used in three‐level AC/DC converters due to its features of switching loss minimization. However, the problems of neutral‐point voltage ripple, current zero‐crossing distortion, and switching losses are mutually coupled for the Vienna rectifier. To address these issues, a hybrid carrier‐based discontinuous pulse width modulation (HCB‐DPWM) with reduced neutral‐point (NP) voltage ripple and current distortion is proposed. First, the /6 clamping period of the conventional DPWM is divided into three‐type clamping intervals, which reduce NP voltage ripple with shortened clamping period. Then, the elimination of current distortion around the current zero‐crossing point and the switching loss reduction are investigated. The implementation of the proposed HCB‐DPWM is given in detail. Finally, the simulation and experimental results of the Vienna rectifier are presented to validate the performance that the proposed HCB‐DPWM can eliminate current zero‐crossing distortion and reduce neutral‐point voltage ripple with different modulation indices.
A simple bandwidth‐enhanced magneto‐electric dipole with L‐shaped slots
Authors: Li Rong , Yan Yan , Xu Yanhong , Wang Anyi , Hou Jianqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA simple wideband magneto‐electric (ME) dipole antenna is presented in this letter. In particular, two pairs of L‐shaped slots with different sizes are successively etched out of the pair of horizontal patches of electric dipole, which can enlarge the bandwidth of ME dipole antenna without increasing the antenna size. Two new resonant frequency points are generated respectively at the lower and upper frequency region. To improve the impedance matching characteristics, two vertical rectangular patches are loaded in the middle of the horizontal portion of the Г‐shaped feed structure. A prototype is fabricated and measured, and an overlapped bandwidth of 101.3% (from 1.36 to 4.15 GHz) in terms of VSWR ≤ 2 is achieved, which can simultaneously cover the n50 (1.432–1.517 GHz), n51 (1.427–1.432 GHz), n78 (3.300–3.800 GHz) and 52.5% of n77 (3.8–4.4 GHz) bands of sub‐6G. It should be highlighted that other excellent properties of ME dipole antenna, such as stable radiation pattern, high gain, and low cross‐polarization level (CRPL), are maintained, which makes the proposed ME dipole antenna a good candidate for sub‐6G applications.
Definitions, terminology and standards for reporting of births and deaths in the perinatal period: International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐11)
Authors: Blencowe Hannah , Hug Lucia , Moller Ann‐Beth , You Danzhen , Moran Allisyn C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite efforts to reduce stillbirths and neonatal deaths, inconsistent definitions and reporting practices continue to hamper global progress. Existing data frequently being limited in terms of quality and comparability across countries. This paper addresses this critical issue by outlining the new International Classification of Disease (ICD‐11) recommendations for standardized recording and reporting of perinatal deaths to improve data accuracy and international comparison. Key advancements in ICD‐11 include using gestational age as the primary threshold to for reporting, clearer guidance on measurement and recording of gestational age, and reporting mortality rates by gestational age subgroups to enable country comparisons to include similar populations (e.g., all births from 154 days [22+0 weeks] or from 196 days [28+0 weeks]). Furthermore, the revised ICD‐11 guidance provides further clarification around the exclusion of terminations of pregnancy (induced abortions) from perinatal mortality statistics. Implementing standardized recording and reporting methods laid out in ICD‐11 will be crucial for accurate global data on stillbirths and perinatal deaths. Such high‐quality data would both allow appropriate regional and international comparisons to be made and serve as a resource to improve clinical practice and epidemiological and health surveillance, enabling focusing of limited programmatic and research funds towards ending preventable deaths and improving outcomes for every woman and every baby, everywhere.
Graduate employability: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wahab Md. Hasan Shimum , Hosen Mosharrof , Islam Md Asadul , Chowdhury Mohammad Abdul Matin , Jantan Amer Hamzah , Wahab Sazali Abdul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn today's highly competitive job market, the employability of graduates holds paramount significance. Employers increasingly demand fundamental competencies and diverse employability skills from the current graduates. Studies have highlighted a noticeable gap between the skills employers seek and graduates’ skills upon the completion of their studies. This gap in employability skills significantly impacts graduates, impeding their prospects of securing suitable employment opportunities. The disparities in skills and knowledge have sparked a debate on graduate employability, necessitating further research in this domain. Addressing that, the current study explored research trends, directions, and opportunities related to graduate employability. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on a dataset comprising 2335 journal articles on graduate employability published between 1981 and 2023 in Scopus and Web of Science databases. The results of bibliometric analysis revealed the most influential journal articles based on their publications, citations, and significance in the intellectual network. Through content analysis, this study shed light on the subject's intellectual structure, characterized by four major thematic clusters: (1) the attribution of broader skills to career enhancement; (2) the significance of generic skills (interpersonal, problem‐solving, and communication skills); (3) the need for work‐related training and employer engagement; and (4) the need for improved curriculum design to build adequate human capital. The study concluded with a discussion of practical policy implications, limitations of study, and recommendations for future research.
Radiomics features outperform standard radiological measurements in detecting femoroacetabular impingement on three‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Montin Eros , Kijowski Richard , Youm Thomas , Lattanzi Riccardo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a cause of hip pain and can lead to hip osteoarthritis. Radiological measurements obtained from radiographs or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are normally used for FAI diagnosis, but they require time‐consuming manual interaction, which limits accuracy and reproducibility. This study compares standard radiologic measurements against radiomics features automatically extracted from MRI for the identification of FAI patients versus healthy subjects. Three‐dimensional Dixon MRI of the pelvis were retrospectively collected for 10 patients with confirmed FAI and acquired for 10 healthy subjects. The femur and acetabulum were segmented bilaterally and associated radiomics features were extracted from the four MRI contrasts of the Dixon sequence (water‐only, fat‐only, in‐phase, and out‐of‐phase). A radiologist collected 21 radiological measurements typically used in FAI. The Gini importance was used to define 9 subsets with the most predictive radiomics features and one subset for the most diagnostically relevant radiological measurements. For each subset, 100 Random Forest machine learning models were trained with different data splits and fivefold cross‐validation to classify healthy subjects versus FAI patients. The average performance among the 100 models was computed for each subset and compared against the performance of the radiological measurements. One model trained using the radiomics features datasets yielded 100% accuracy in the detection of FAI, whereas all other radiomics features exceeded 80% accuracy. Radiological measurements yielded 74% accuracy, consistent with previous work. The results of this preliminary work highlight for the first time the potential of radiomics for fully automated FAI diagnosis.