bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proactive learning culture
Authors: Gnizy Itzhak , E. Baker William , Grinstein Amir 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– Although small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) account for a significant portion of international trade, little is known about the role of strategic orientation culture in improving their foreign launch success. Three orientations – market, entrepreneurial, and learning are all related to organizational learning priorities and reflect a higher order dynamic capability (DC), proactive learning culture (PLC). The authors assert that PLC is particularly important to SMEs whose lack of market power and resources render them vulnerable in risky foreign market launch. Marketing program adaptation and local integration are examined as behavioral mediators of the impact of PLC on foreign market launch success. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– The DC framework guides the study. The authors employ a model with a higher order PLC, two mediating behaviors, and firm foreign market launch success to report on an empirical study of US SMEs that operate in foreign markets. The authors used hierarchical regression analysis and extensivepost hocanalyses/robustness checks.Findings– Consistent with the DC framework, SMEs’ foreign launch success is driven by higher and lower order behaviors. The impact of the higher order PLC construct was mediated by two lower order behaviors, marketing program adaptation and local integration. Notably, PLC's influence is stronger than the influence of any subset of its one/two/three first order components.Practical implications– SMEs need to pay attention to an array of organizational learning processes that combine to engender a PLC, which help optimize the deployment of more tangible, lower order behaviors required for foreign launch success.Originality/value– Introducing PLC as a DC that enables firms to proactively develop market-oriented, innovative capabilities using a knowledge-based approach. The elements of PLC reflect a more complete view of the role of learning in driving the assembly of lower order behaviors in foreign market launch, which requires both a market-oriented approach and the ability to innovate under conditions of uncertainty. While each element of PLC is valuable, the higher level impact of all three facilitates a more effective culture for those firms, which choose to enter new markets.
The effects of transformational leadership and ERP system self-efficacy on ERP system usage
Authors: Elkhani Naeimeh , Soltani Sheida , Nazir Ahmad Mohammad 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– During the past decade, there has been vast investment in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system packages, in addition to a significant increase in the importance of acceptance by users of the ERP system regarding the success or failure of ERP implementation. The purpose of this paper is to identify the external factors which influence ERP system acceptance. The work is motivated by the realization that transformational leadership (TL) and ERP system self-efficacy are critical external factors that can affect ERP system acceptance.Design/methodology/approach– A framework has been developed from a study of literature in the field of TL, ERP system self-efficacy and the technology acceptance model (TAM). A survey utilizing a questionnaire was used to collect data and a total of 151 usable responses were analyzed by using the partial least squares method.Findings– The results of the study indicate that TL can either directly or indirectly influence perceived usefulness via the assimilation of self-efficacy in a positive manner. Also, TL has been found to have a positive influence on perceived ease of use both directly and indirectly via application of self-efficacy measures.Research limitations/implications– The findings were drawn from two Iranian companies, hence the results are not necessarily generalizable to other nations and other cultures.Practical implications– Management should provide TL development programs for their ERP leaders and encourage them to implement transformation in a manner that could increase assimilation and application of self-efficacy when using the ERP system.Originality/value– The study can provide ERP managers with a better understanding of how they can use TL behavior and skills in motivating and enhancing employees’ self-efficacy in order to achieve ERP system usage success.
Expatriate adjustment: considerations for selection and training
Authors: Feitosa Jennifer , Kreutzer Christine , Kramperth Angela , S. Kramer William , Salas Eduardo 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to first, synthesize employee characteristics that have been shown to help expatriate adjustment into best practices that can aid in expatriate selection. Second, the authors aim to identify training design variables that can be implemented to not only increase learning and expatriate adjustment, but also to maximize the benefits of employee characteristics. Finally, the authors point out environmental factors that are often overlooked, but yet important influencing forces of expatriate adjustment.Design/methodology/approach– PsychINFO was searched using variations of the following terms: expatriate selection and expatriate training. For the selection criteria, the authors selected articles in which cross-cultural adjustment, expatriate performance, or learning was the dependent variable. Reference sections of these articles were then cross-referenced for additional support. Authors then double-coded every article independently to record variables, study methodology, and research results.Findings– The authors have identified cultural intelligence, learning orientation, technical KSAO's, and language skills to be the most significant antecedents of expatriate adjustment. Furthermore, the authors have found environmental factors (i.e. organizational, family, and interpersonal support) to play a crucial role in the adjustment process. The authors have also identified training factors (i.e. content, process, and elements) to be crucial, and the authors propose how these design variables further facilitate learning and adjustment.Originality/value– This manuscript contributes to the extant expatriate adjustment literature by providing a new, integrative framework. While the individual variables explored within the paper have been examined in past research, this manuscript is the first to offer a framework which integrates them to shape future research.
Examining the brand name – mark relationship in emerging markets
Authors: Klink Richard R , Athaide Gerard A. 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this research is to investigate whether the brand name–mark sound symbolism relationship extends beyond US marketplaces to emerging markets. Sound symbolism research indicates that consistent brand name meaning can be conveyed across international marketplaces. Yet, prior work has not investigated whether visual branding elements provide consistent meaning across such contexts.

Design/methodology/approach
– To contrast effects across international contexts, we replicate both studies of Klink (2003) with bilingual subjects in Mumbai, India. Study 1 examined whether the sound symbolic relationship between brand name and brand mark holds in this emerging market. Study 2 investigated whether both the brand name and brand mark together can enhance brand meaning in this context.

Findings
– Study 1 finds support for the relationship between higher-frequency brand names and brand marks that are angular and smaller in size, with limited support regarding color. Study 2 finds a significant effect for brand marks and a marginally significant effect for brand names on conveying intended meaning.

Originality/value
– The authors confirm the relationship between the brand mark and brand name; however, color meaning may be less universal than prior theory and research indicates. In addition, the effect of the brand name on conveying sound symbolism meaning may be less important than visual branding elements in emerging markets. Hence, future research may wish to include additional branding elements in experimental stimuli when testing sound symbolism theory.
Disaggregating Activities of Daily Living Limitations for Predicting Nursing Home Admission
Authors: Fong Joelle H. , Mitchell Olivia S. , Koh Benedict S. K. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo examine whether disaggregated activities of daily living (ADL) limitations better predict the risk of nursing home admission compared to conventionally used ADL disability counts.Data SourcesWe used panel data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) for years 1998–2010. The HRS is a nationally representative survey of adults older than 50 years (n = 18,801).Study DesignWe fitted Cox regressions in a continuous time survival model with age at first nursing home admission as the outcome. Time‐varying ADL disability types were the key explanatory variables.Principal FindingsOf the six ADL limitations, bathing difficulty emerged as the strongest predictor of subsequent nursing home placement across cohorts. Eating and dressing limitations were also influential in driving admissions among more recent cohorts. Using simple ADL counts for analysis yielded similar adjusted R2s; however, the amount of explained variance doubled when we allowed the ADL disability measures to time‐vary rather than remain static.ConclusionsLooking beyond simple ADL counts can provide health professionals insights into which specific disability types trigger long‐term nursing home use. Functional disabilities measured closer in time carry more prognostic power than static measures.
Characteristics of persons convicted for offences relating to animal hoarding in New South Wales
Authors: Joffe M , O'Shannessy D , Dhand NK , Westman M , Fawcett A 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo highlight the characteristics of persons convicted for offences related to animal hoarding in New South Wales, Australia, document the outcomes of cases and compare them with overseas studies.DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsRecords of finalised prosecutions for offences relating to animal hoarding between 2005 and 2011 were examined. Data recorded included: the age of each subject at the first offence, sex, postcode, occupation, living conditions, number of charges, number of prosecutions, title of each charge, number and species of live animals, whether animals needed veterinary attention, the medical conditions that the animals suffered, whether dead animals were on the property, how animals were obtained, veterinary and legal costs accrued and case outcomes. The data were analysed to obtain frequencies and relative frequencies for categorical variables and summary statistics for quantitative variables. Observed frequencies were compared using Chi‐square test with the expected frequencies calculated based on the Australian Bureau of Statistics data for NSW.ResultsThe number of persons included was 29. Most were female (72.4%) and 23 were 40–64 years of age at their first offence. Almost one‐third identified themselves as breeders, eight as pensioners and four as unemployed. Most resided in inner regional Australia (45%), 28% lived in major cities and 28% lived in outer regional Australia. Dogs were the species hoarded in 80% of cases. Animals requiring veterinary attention were identified in all cases. Dead animals were found on premises in 41.4% of cases.ConclusionsPersons prosecuted for charges relating to animal hoarding in NSW have similar characteristics to those of previous studies, although the outcomes may be different. More farm animals and horses were hoarded in NSW and hoarders in NSW were more likely to live in inner regional and outer regional areas (rural areas) than animal hoarders in the USA.
Targeting oncogenic interleukin‐7 receptor signalling with N‐acetylcysteine in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Mansour Marc R. , Reed Casie , Eisenberg Amy R. , Tseng Jen‐Chieh , Twizere Jean‐Claude , Daakour Sarah , Yoda Akinori , Rodig Scott J. , Tal Noa , Shochat Chen , Berezovskaya Alla , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Sallan Stephen E. , Weinstock David M. , Izraeli Shai , Kung Andrew L. , Kentsis Alex , Look A. Thomas 
Published: September 2014

SummaryActivating mutations of the interleukin‐7 receptor (IL7R) occur in approximately 10% of patients with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T‐ALL). Most mutations generate a cysteine at the transmembrane domain leading to receptor homodimerization through disulfide bond formation and ligand‐independent activation of STAT5. We hypothesized that the reducing agent N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), a well‐tolerated drug used widely in clinical practice to treat acetaminophen overdose, would reduce disulfide bond formation, and inhibit mutant IL7R‐mediated oncogenic signalling. We found that treatment with NAC disrupted IL7R homodimerization in IL7R‐mutant DND‐41 cells as assessed by non‐reducing Western blot, as well as in a luciferase complementation assay. NAC led to STAT5 dephosphorylation and cell apoptosis at clinically achievable concentrations in DND‐41 cells, and Ba/F3 cells transformed by an IL7R‐mutant construct containing a cysteine insertion. The apoptotic effects of NAC could be rescued in part by a constitutively active allele of STAT5. Despite using doses lower than those tolerated in humans, NAC treatment significantly inhibited the progression of human DND‐41 cells engrafted in immunodeficient mice. Thus, targeting leukaemogenic IL7R homodimerization with NAC offers a potentially effective and feasible therapeutic strategy that warrants testing in patients with T‐ALL.
Preventing leptin resistance by blocking angiotensin II AT1 receptors in diet‐induced obese rats
Authors: Müller‐Fielitz Helge , Lau Margot , Geißler Cathleen , Werner Lars , Winkler Martina , Raasch Walter 
Published: September 2014

Background and PurposeAT1 receptor blockers (ARBs) represent an approach for treating metabolic syndrome due to their potency in reducing hypertension, body weight and onset of type 2 diabetes. The mechanism underlying ARB‐induced weight loss is still unclear.Experimental ApproachLeptin resistance tests (LRTs) in diet‐induced obese or lean rats were conducted to determine whether telmisartan (8 mg·kg−1·day−1, 14 days) enhances leptin sensitivity. Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) staining was performed in hypothalami to determine leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier.Key ResultsTelmisartin reduced weight gain, food intake and plasma leptin but blood pressure remained unchanged. The 24 h profiles of plasma leptin after saline injections were similar in controls and telmisartan‐treated rats, but after leptin injections were higher in controls and slightly lower in telmisartan‐treated animals. After telmisartan, energy intake during LRT was lower in leptin‐ than in saline‐pretreated rats, but remained unchanged in controls, irrespectively of whether rats received saline or leptin. Leptin minimized the gain in body weight during LRT in telmisartan‐treated rats as compared with saline‐treated animals. pSTAT3 staining was reduced in cafeteria diet‐fed rats as compared with chow‐fed rats but this was normalized by telmisartan. Telmisartin reduced hypothalamic mRNA levels of the orexigenic peptides melanin‐concentrating hormone and prepro‐orexin.Conclusions and ImplicationsRats fed a cafeteria diet develop leptin resistance after 2 weeks. Leptin sensitivity was preserved by telmisartan treatment even in rats fed a cafeteria diet. This pleiotropic effect is not related to the hypotensive action of telmisartan.
The impact of restraint reduction meetings on the use of restrictive physical interventions in English residential services for children and young people
Authors: Deveau R. , Leitch S. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimThe aim was to examine the impact of post restraint reduction meetings upon the frequency and restrictiveness of restraint use in English children's residential services.BackgroundAttention has been drawn to the misuse, overuse and safety of some techniques used to physically restrain children in residential services. Successful interventions to reduce restraints have been reported, mostly from the USA.ResultsDemonstrate a significant overall reduction in both, frequency and restrictiveness of restraints; the greatest percentage decrease in the most restrictive floor restraints. Whilst five services reduced both frequency and restrictiveness, five services showed some increases in frequency and/or restrictiveness of restraints employed.ConclusionsRestraint reduction is most effectively reduced through employing multiple strategies and that post restraint reduction meetings maybe one useful component. Organisations seeking to promote restraint reduction meetings need to allocate sufficient priority and resources to support these.
Genetic and Environmental Etiologies of the Longitudinal Relations Between Prereading Skills and Reading
Authors: Christopher Micaela E. , Hulslander Jacqueline , Byrne Brian , Samuelsson Stefan , Keenan Janice M. , Pennington Bruce , DeFries John C. , Wadsworth Sally J. , Willcutt Erik , Olson Richard K. 
Published: September 2014

The present study explored the environmental and genetic etiologies of the longitudinal relations between prereading skills and reading and spelling. Twin pairs (n = 489) were assessed before kindergarten (M = 4.9 years), post‐first grade (M = 7.4 years), and post‐fourth grade (M = 10.4 years). Genetic influences on five prereading skills (print knowledge, rapid naming, phonological awareness, vocabulary, and verbal memory) were primarily responsible for relations with word reading and spelling. However, relations with post‐fourth‐grade reading comprehension were due to both genetic and shared environmental influences. Genetic and shared environmental influences that were common among the prereading variables covaried with reading and spelling, as did genetic influences unique to verbal memory (only post‐fourth‐grade comprehension), print knowledge, and rapid naming.
Infants’ and Young Children's Imitation of Linguistic In‐Group and Out‐Group Informants
Authors: Howard Lauren H. , Henderson Annette M. E. , Carrazza Cristina , Woodward Amanda L. 
Published: September 2014

Although children can use social categories to intelligently select informants, children's preference for in‐group informants has not been consistently demonstrated across age and context. This research clarifies the extent to which children use social categories to guide learning by presenting participants with a live or video‐recorded action demonstration by a linguistic in‐group and/or out‐group model. Participants’ (N = 104) propensity to imitate these actions was assessed. Nineteen‐month‐olds did not selectively imitate the actions of the in‐group model in live contexts, though in‐group preferences were found after watching the demonstration on video. Three‐year‐olds selectively imitated the actions demonstrated by the in‐group member regardless of context. These results indicate that in‐group preferences have a more nuanced effect on social learning than previous research has indicated.
Is frequency of tooth brushing a risk factor for periodontitis? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zimmermann Heiko , Zimmermann Nils , Hagenfeld Daniel , Veile Annette , Kim Ti‐Sun , Becher Heiko 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe epidemiology of periodontitis regarding oral‐hygiene practices particularly the frequency of tooth brushing has been the subject of relatively few dedicated studies. This paper provides a systematic review of available relevant epidemiological studies and a meta‐analysis of the effect of tooth brushing frequency on periodontitis. To review and to quantify the risk for periodontitis associated with frequency of tooth brushing.MethodsSystematic literature search was conducted in nine online resources (PUBMED, ISI and 7 additional databases). Related and cross‐referencing publications were reviewed. Papers published until end of March 2013 reporting associations between tooth brushing frequency and periodontitis were considered. A meta‐analysis was performed to quantify this association.ResultsFourteen studies were identified. The test of heterogeneity for cross‐sectional studies was not significant (P = 0.31). A fixed‐effects model yielded a significant overall odds ratio estimate of 1.41 (95%CI: 1.25–1.58, P < 0.0001) for infrequent compared to frequent tooth brushing. For all fourteen studies, there was a slight indication for heterogeneity (I² = 48%, P = 0.02) and the corresponding result with a random‐effects model was 1.44 (95%CI: 1.21–1.71, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThere are relatively few studies evaluating the association between tooth brushing frequency and periodontitis. A clear effect was observed, indicating that infrequent tooth brushing was associated with severe forms of periodontal disease. Further epidemiological studies are needed to precisely estimate the effect of key risk factors for periodontitis and their interaction effects.
Aberrant interleukin‐1 signalling does not increase susceptibility of mice to NOD2‐dependent uveitis
Authors: Lee Ellen J , Allensworth Jordan J , Clowers Jenna S , Rosenzweig Holly L 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundNOD2 is the genetic cause of Blau syndrome, an autoinflammatory disease that manifests as coincident uveitis and arthritis. Since dysregulation of IL‐1 signalling is considered a pathogenic mechanism in a number of related autoinflammatory conditions, we examined the extent to which unimpeded interleukin (IL)‐1 signalling influences NOD2‐dependent inflammation of the eye versus the joint.MethodsMice deficient for IL‐1R antagonist (IL‐1Ra) were administered the NOD2 agonist muramyl dipeptide (MDP) by systemic (intraperitoneal) or local (intraocular and/or intra‐articular) injections. NOD2‐deficient mice received an intraocular injection of recombinant IL‐1β. Uveitis was evaluated by intravital videomicroscopy and histopathology, and arthritis was assessed by near‐infrared imaging and histopathology. Ocular levels of IL‐1α, IL‐1β and IL‐1Ra were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsIL‐1Ra deficiency did not render mice more responsive to systemic exposure of MDP. Despite the increased production of IL‐1R agonists IL‐1α and IL‐1β in response to intraocular injection of MDP, deficiency in IL‐1Ra did not predispose mice to MDP‐triggered uveitis, albeit intravascular cell rolling and adherence were exacerbated. NOD2 expression was dispensable for the potential of IL‐1 to elicit uveitis. However, we find that IL‐1Ra does play an important protective role in arthritis induced locally by MDP injection in the joint.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the complexity of NOD2 activation and IL‐1 signalling effects that can be compounded by local environmental factors of the target organ. These observations may impact how we understand the molecular mechanisms by which NOD2 influences inflammation of the eye versus joint, and consequently, treatment options for uveitis versus arthritis.