bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Roughness and Residual Compression Stresses on the Ultrasonic Fatigue Endurance of Aluminum Alloy AISI 6061-T6
Authors: Dominguez Almaraz Gonzalo M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Ultrasonic fatigue tests were carried out on the aluminum alloy AISI 6061-T6, presenting different values for the principal surface roughness parameters: Ra, Rq, and Rz. For fatigue life comprised between 3 × 105 ∼ 6 × 106 cycles, crack initiates at the specimen surface induced by stress-concentration and micro-plastic deformation (micro-void coalescence); whereas for the very high cycle fatigue (&gt;107 cycles), the mechanism of crack initiation moves to subsurface or inside the specimen and is associated with internal imperfections such as micro-porosities or nonmetallic inclusions. For the first fatigue life regime, compression residual stresses induced by the work-hardening machining process and the associated micro-plastic deformation are the principal factors controlling the fatigue endurance on this aluminum alloy. Experimental results show that fatigue endurance is higher for the high surface roughness in the 3 × 105 ∼ 6 × 106 cycles of fatigue life, whereas this behavior is inversed in the very high-cycle fatigue regime. These results are analyzed in terms of residual compression stresses induced by the work-hardening machining process, the surface roughness, and the reverse yielding or Bauschinger effect.
Characterization of microstructure and mechanical properties of continuous and pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded superaustenitic stainless steel
Authors: Devendranath Ramkumar K. , Choudhary Ayush , Aggarwal Shivang , Srivastava Anubhav , Harsha Mohan Tadikonda , Arivazhagan N. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Electrostatic gating of hybrid halide perovskite field-effect transistors: balanced ambipolar transport at room-temperature
Authors: Mei Y. , Zhang C. , Vardeny Z. V. , Jurchescu O. D. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe hybrid halide perovskites combine the low-cost processing characteristics of organic materials with the performance factors of inorganic compounds. Recently the power conversion efficiencies of perovskite photovoltaic solar cells have reached a respective value of ∼20%. The charge transport properties were indirectly approximated in these compounds because of lack of available field-effect transistors (FETs). Here we report the fabrication and room-temperature operation of FETs based on the hybrid perovskites. We obtained balanced electron and hole transport with mobilities of ∼1 cm2/Vs. We also found that the yield, as well as the operational and environmental stability of the fabricated transistors is limited.
Topological Properties of Real Normed Space
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa , Futa Yuichi , Shidama Yasunari 
Published: May 2015

Summary
In this article, we formalize topological properties of real normed spaces. In the first part, open and closed, density, separability and sequence and its convergence are discussed. Then we argue properties of real normed subspace. Then we discuss linear functions between real normed speces. Several kinds of subspaces induced by linear functions such as kernel, image and inverse image are considered here. The fact that Lipschitz continuity operators preserve convergence of sequences is also refered here. Then we argue the condition when real normed subspaces become Banach’s spaces. We also formalize quotient vector space. In the last session, we argue the properties of the closure of real normed space. These formalizations are based on [19](p.3-41), [2] and [34](p.3-67).
Algebraic Approach to Algorithmic Logic
Authors: Bancerek Grzegorz 
Published: May 2015

Summary
We introduce algorithmic logic - an algebraic approach according to [25]. It is done in three stages: propositional calculus, quantifier calculus with equality, and finally proper algorithmic logic. For each stage appropriate signature and theory are defined. Propositional calculus and quantifier calculus with equality are explored according to [24]. A language is introduced with language signature including free variables, substitution, and equality. Algorithmic logic requires a bialgebra structure which is an extension of language signature and program algebra. While-if algebra of generator set and algebraic signature is bialgebra with appropriate properties and is used as basic type of algebraic logic.
Difference of Function on Vector Space over F
Authors: Arai Kenichi , Wakabayashi Ken , Okazaki Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2015

Summary
In [11], the definitions of forward difference, backward difference, and central difference as difference operations for functions on R were formalized. However, the definitions of forward difference, backward difference, and central difference for functions on vector spaces over F have not been formalized. In cryptology, these definitions are very important in evaluating the security of cryptographic systems [3], [10]. Differential cryptanalysis [4] that undertakes a general purpose attack against block ciphers [13] can be formalized using these definitions. In this article, we formalize the definitions of forward difference, backward difference, and central difference for functions on vector spaces over F. Moreover, we formalize some facts about these definitions.
Looking up: Recent advances in understanding and treating peritoneal carcinomatosis
Authors: Lambert Laura A. 
Published: May 2015

Answer questions and earn CME/CNEUntil recently, a diagnosis of peritoneal carcinomatosis was uniformly accompanied by a grim prognosis that was typically measured in weeks to months. Consequently, the management of carcinomatosis revolves largely around palliation of symptoms such as bowel obstruction, nausea, pain, fatigue, and cachexia. A prior lack of effective treatment options created the nihilistic view that currently exists and persists despite improvements in the efficacy of systemic therapy and the evolution of multimodality approaches including surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. This article reviews the evolution and current state of treatment options for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. In addition, it highlights recent advances in understanding the molecular biology of carcinomatosis and the focus of current and future clinical trials. Finally, this article provides practical management options for the palliation of common complications of carcinomatosis. It is hoped that the reader will recognize that carcinomatosis is no longer an imminent death sentence and that through continued research and therapeutic innovation, clinicians can make an even greater impact on this form of metastatic cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 2015;65:283–298. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
The Effects of Celecoxib or Naproxen on Blood Pressure in Pediatric Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Falkner B. , Berger M. , Brown P. Bhadra , Iorga D. , Nickeson R.W. , Zemel L. 
Published: May 2015

Background Selective and nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are indicated for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). However, the effect of NSAIDs on blood pressure (BP) in children has not been rigorously examined. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, multicenter, active-controlled, 6-week trial, the safety and efficacy of celecoxib (50 mg twice daily [bid] or 100 mg bid) or naproxen (7.5 mg/kg bid) was evaluated in patients aged 2–17 years with JIA. Results The least squares (LS) mean difference (celecoxib – naproxen) in change from baseline to week 6/final visit in systolic BP was 1.10 (90% confidence interval, -0.56, 2.76). No significant LS mean differences in diastolic BP relative to baseline were reported. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 48% of patients in each treatment group. Conclusion Both celecoxib and naproxen had no impact on BP, and both treatments had comparable safety profiles. Celecoxib, or naproxen, could be seen as suitable treatment options for pediatric patients with JIA.
Multiple bilateral variations in urogenital vasculature-A clinico-embryological perspective
Authors: Thakur A. , Loh H. , Mehta V. , Suri R. , Rath G. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPrecise knowledge of urogenital vascular anomalies has become extremely important in the past decade with increasing numbers of renal transplantations, minimally invasive vascular surgeries and numerous radiologic procedures. We report the presence of multiple variations in urogenital vasculature bilaterally in a 52 year old male Indian cadaver. Twin renal arteries were encountered bilaterally. Main renal artery was originating bilaterally at L1 vertebral level and accessory renal arteries were originating as ventral branches of abdominal aorta at L3 vertebral level and were travelling to the lower part of the respective kidneys. Twin renal veins were draining the right kidney independently whereas the left renal vein was bifurcating into two tributaries and draining separately into the inferior vena cava. Multiple testicular veins were found bilaterally. This report will prove to be helpful in various surgical and radiological interventions performed in the field of urology.
Anatomy of sciatic nerve bifurcation in popliteal fossa: a fetal study
Authors: Sinha M. , Gupta R. , Aggarwal A. , Sahni D. , Sinha H. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background: We studied the bifurcation of sciatic nerve into two components which change their position throughout the early period of life. We proposed dimensions that would help reducing failure rates of anesthesia in popliteal fossa region and screening of malignancy related to sciatic nerve. Methods: The back of thigh and popliteal fossa of both sides of 50 fetuses (24 male and 26 female) were dissected. Skin over the gluteal region was dissected upto back of the knee. Sciatic nerve was traced from gluteal region to back of the thigh. The level where common fibular nerve and tibial nerve diverge from sciatic nerve and the diameter of sciatic nerve at various levels were evaluated. Results: In 97.7% (41/42) specimens,the bifurcation was above (5.1-20.86 mm) and in 2.3% (1/42) specimens, it was below (2.37 mm) the lateral condyle of femur. In 66% cases, sciatic nerve splits into two at or within 11 mm proximal to lateral condyle, while in 75% cases within 13mm, and in 100% cases within 21mm proximal to lateral condyle. Conclusion: This study provides quantitative data about the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region and back of the thigh. This data has a significant implication in diagnostic and anesthetic practice.
Benefícios sobre a intensidade da dor, qualidade de vida e incapacidade de mulheres com dismenorreia submetidas a exercícios gerais versus método de Pilates: estudo-piloto
Authors: Peruzzo Bruna Cristina Taques , Ramalho Lisley Sousa , Figueiredo Marta Regina , Alfieri Fábio Marcon 
Published: May 2015

Introdução: Dismenorreia primária é um distúrbio ginecológico caracterizado por dor relacionada à menstruação, sem causa patológica. Objetivo: Verificar e comparar a intensidade da dor, a incapacidade e a qualidade de vida em mulheres com dismenorreia primária submetidas a exercícios gerais versus Pilates. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 14 mulheres aleatorizadas em grupo de exercícios gerais (19,14±1 anos) e de Pilates (20,57±1,8 anos). Ambos os grupos realizaram duas sessões por semana durante 50 minutos, no período de dois meses e meio, totalizando 20 sessões. O grupo de exercícios gerais realizou alongamentos e fortalecimentos dos músculos abdominais, lombares e assoalho pélvico. O grupo de Pilates, por sua vez, praticou exercícios para conscientização de pelve, com contrações do transverso e reto do abdômen, glúteos, períneo e eretores da coluna. As participantes responderam aos questionários de índice de incapacitação de Oswestry para dor lombar, Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), para medir a intensidade da dor e ao Questionário de Qualidade de Vida SF-36, antes e após a intervenção. Os dados foram considerados estatisticamente significantes quando p<0,05. Resultados: Foram encontradas melhoras significativas após a intervenção em ambos os grupos, em todas as avaliações. Em relação à diferença entre os grupos, na avaliação sobre a incapacitação para dor lombar, o grupo de exercícios gerais teve melhor resultado (p<0,003) do que o grupo de Pilates, assim como no domínio de estado da saúde (0,03) do Questionário SF-36. Conclusão: A prática de exercícios físicos gerais e Pilates por mulheres com dismenorreia podem reduzir a dor e a incapacidade e melhorar a qualidade de vida.
O trabalho da enfermagem no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Santos Ana Paula Azevedo , Laus Ana Maria , Camelo Silvia Helena Henriques 
Published: May 2015

Este estudo teve o objetivo de identificar, por meio de produções científicas nacionais e internacionais, os cuidados desenvolvidos pela equipe de enfermagem durante a assistência ao paciente no pósoperatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada por meio de busca às bases PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL, SCOPUS e BDENF no período de fevereiro a junho de 2014, com o seguinte questionamento: “Quais os cuidados realizados pela equipe de enfermagem ao paciente no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca?” Utilizou-se como critério de inclusão artigos científicos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, em português, inglês e espanhol, disponíveis na íntegra. Foram selecionados 21 artigos e, mediante a sua leitura criteriosa, foi realizada análise descritiva, possibilitando o agrupamento dos dados em um núcleo temático: cuidando do paciente no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, que apontou subcategorias: assistindo o paciente após cirurgia cardíaca, gerenciando a dor e a comunicação como ferramenta no cuidado de enfermagem. Os cuidados desenvolvidos no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca demonstram a necessidade de organização do processo de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem bem como competências específicas dos profissionais para atuarem nesse cenário, com intuito de promover um cuidado individualizado e qualificado.
Lymphatic Pump Treatment as an Adjunct to Antibiotics for Pneumonia in a Rat Model
Authors: Hodge Lisa M. , Creasy Caitlin , Carter KiahRae , Orlowski Ashley , Schander Artur , King Hollis H. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Background: Lymphatic pump treatment (LPT) is a technique used by osteopathic physicians as an adjunct to antibiotics for patients with respiratory tract infections, and previous studies have demonstrated that LPT reduces bacterial load in the lungs of rats with pneumonia. Currently, it is unknown whether LPT affects drug effcacy.

Objective: To determine whether the combination of antibiotics and LPT would reduce bacterial load in the lungs of rats with acute pneumonia.

Methods: Rats were infected intranasally with 5×107 colony-forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus pneumoniae. At 24, 48, and 72 hours after infection, the rats received no therapy (control), 4 minutes of sham therapy, or 4 minutes of LPT, followed by subcutaneous injection of 40 mg/kg of levofoxacin or sterile phosphate-buffered saline. At 48, 72, and 96 hours after infection, the spleens and lungs were collected, and S pneumoniae CFU were enumerated. Blood was analyzed for a complete blood cell count and leukocyte differential count.

Results: At 48 and 72 hours after infection, no statistically significant differences in pulmonary CFU were found between control, sham therapy, or LPT when phosphate-buffered saline was administered; however, the reduction in CFU was statistically significant in all rats given levofoxacin. The combination of sham therapy and levofoxacin decreased bacterial load at 72 and 96 hours after infection, and LPT and levofoxacin significantly reduced CFU compared with sham therapy and levofoxacin at both time points (P<.05). Colony-forming units were not detected in the spleens at any time. No statistically significant differences in hematologic findings between any treatment groups were found at any time point measured.

Conclusion: The results suggest that 3 applications of LPT induces an additional protective mechanism when combined with levofoxacin and support its use as an adjunctive therapy for the management of pneumonia; however, the mechanism responsible for this protection is unclear.
Pulmonary Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis From Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Case Report
Authors: Khachekian Arsineh , Shargh Sean , Arabian Sarkis 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis (PLC) is the diffuse infltration of lymphatic systems by adenocarcinomas. Because of its vague clinical symptoms and absence of malignant features, confrmatory diagnosis requires transbronchial or open-lung biopsy. Tumor spread is postulated to occur by means of retrograde lymphatic permeation with tumor growth along the lymphatic channels and involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor-C in a signaling pathway. The authors describe the case of a 45-year-old woman whose presentation with cough and dyspnea led to diagnosis of pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis with superimposed pulmonary hypertension, tumor thrombotic microangiopathy, and ultimately metastatic signet ring cell gastric adenocarcinoma. Because of the patient’s poor prognosis, she was given palliative care and died 29 days after admission. This case emphasizes the importance of the osteopathic principle of treating the whole patient and evaluating all organ systems. Physicians should be aware of PLC from gastric adenocarcinoma and consider it in patients with pulmonary symptoms who are unresponsive to antibiotics.
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum in a Pediatric Patient After a 1600-m Run: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Booms CPT Zachary C. , Barbee MAJ George A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Pneumomediastinum occurs as a result of traumatic or iatrogenic causes or in patients with preexisting lung conditions such as interstitial lung disease, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Spontaneous pneumomedi-astinum (SPM), however, is rarely seen in clinical practice. The authors report the case of a 14-year-old boy who presented to the emergency department with chest discomfort and shortness of breath after a 1600-m run as part of a physical education class. The patient was found to have SPM, was admitted to the pediatric service for monitoring and pain control, and made a full recovery within 24 hours. This case is notable because SPM occurred in the absence of identifable organic causes and as the result of sustained noncontact physical activity. A review of the literature provides background information and highlights pathophysiologic processes of SPM and suggested treatment. Physicians should consider pneu-momediastinum in young patients or runners presenting with chest pain even in the absence of any known inciting event.
风化壳古岩溶型碳酸盐岩储层成岩作用与成岩相
Authors: He Jiang , Feng Chunqiang , Ma Lan , Qiao Lin , Wang Yong 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In the north of the Jingbian Gas Field in the Ordos Basin, a case study was made of the first section of the fourth sub-member of the fifth member of the Majiagou Formation (M51
4). Through detailed subsurface geological analysis, a realistic description of typical diagenetic features, systematic sampling and laboratory testing, with geological background and petrological characteristics as main clue, the diagenesis characteristics of crust-weathered ancient karst carbonate reservoirs were analyzed, and the diagenetic facies were recognized. The marine diagenetic environment of M51
4 was influenced by dolomitization and anhydritization, and was controlled by the palaeogeographic framework. As to the epidiagenetic environment controlled by ancient karst physiognomy, dissolution and packing effects of dissolved pore, fracture and cave types took place. For the buried diagenetic environment, extensive dissolution was common. Based on the coupling relationship between diagenesis and porosity-permeability network, a “diagenesis in marine diagenetic environment + diagenesis in epidiagenetic environment” combination principle was adopted to divide the diagenetic facies into four typical types: (I) medium-weak filling facies of anhydrite small nodule dolomitization-dissolved pore and fracture type; (II) medium-strong filling facies of anhydrite small nodule dolomitization-dissolved pore and fracture type; (III) strong filling facies of dolomitization-dissolved cave type; and (IV) strong filling facies of anhydrite lithification-dissolved pore and fracture type, and strong filling facies of dissolved cave type. With well-developed premium reservoir rocks, moderate karst intensity and medium-weak (deposition) filling, the type-I area was favorable for fracture-cave reservoir development
厚层灰岩油藏岩溶纵向分带研究
Authors: Qu Quangong , Zhang Jingxuan , Lu Youming , Zhu Fengyun 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In district 4 of the Tahe Oilfield, the Ordovician Yingshan Formation was most petroliferous. Marine carbonate rocks with big thickness were widespread. Secondary pores, including dissolution pores, fractures and caves, served as the main reservoir spaces, while primary pores were poorly developed. According to modern karst hydraulic unit theory, a conceptual model of karst was established. Three palaeo-hydraulic zones were identified:vadose zone (including infiltration sub-zone and percolation sub-zone), phreatic zone and tranquil zone. The distribution of reservoirs was described using stochastic seismic inversion technology. The reservoirs were controlled by palaeo-hydraulic zones vertically and karst landforms horizontally, which was proved by field work.
南海西部深水区中新世断控台缘生物礁生长演化
Authors: Huang Hongguang , Du Xuebin , Lu Yongchao , Chen Ping 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In the South China Sea; there were favorable conditions for reef development. However, the reef structure was not precisely described due to the lack of high-quality seismic data. Geologic and geophysical analyses were used to study the reefs in the fault-controlled margin of the southern uplift of the western deep-water area in the South China Sea. The reefs showed hummocky or lenticular shape, and the internal reef crest and reef ditch were observed clearly. Vertically, the reef structure displayed aggradational and progradational characteristics. There were three types of reef identified according to their growth speed, including slow-growth, constant-growth and fast-growth ones. For the first type, reefs grew slowly and retrograded to continents. For the other two types, reefs grew fast and aggraded vertically. The spatial distribution and growth speed of reefs were controlled by sea level changes; space changes and ancient morphology.
利用三环萜烷对比泌阳凹陷生物降解油油源
Authors: Pengfei Guo , Sheng He , Shukui Zhu , Derong Chai , Shiyan Yin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Biodegraded oils from the northern slope of the Biyang Sag were analyzed to examine the application of tricyclic terpanes to biodegraded oil-source correlation. Tricyclic terpanes are resistant to biodegradation ( biodegradation rank 8) . New tricyclic terpane parameters, such as (C23-C26/Cl9-C22)-tricyclic terpanes, (Cl9-C26/ C28-C29)-tricyclic terpanes and (C19-C26)-tricyclic terpanes/C29-Ts are effective oil-source correlation parameters. Correlation results suggested that the biodegraded oils in the lower member of Eh
3 on the northern slope of the Biyang Sag came from the mudstones in the lower member of Eh
3 of the central sag, and the oils in the upper member of Eh
3 mainly came from the mudstones in the upper member of Eh
3 of the central sag. The correlation results of oils and source rocks in the Zhu I Depression of the Pearl River Mouth Basin determined by the three tricyclic terpane parameters were consistant with previous results, further supporting the effectiveness of the parameters.