bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Impact of Uranyl Ions on Carrying–Releasing Oxygen Capability of Hemoglobin‐Based Blood Substitutes
Authors: Duan Li , Du Lili , Jia Yi , Liu Wenyuan , Liu Zhichao , Li Junbai 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe effect of radioactive UO22+ on the oxygen‐transporting capability of hemoglobin‐based oxygen carriers has been investigated in vitro. The hemoglobin (Hb) microspheres fabricated by the porous template covalent layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly were utilized as artificial oxygen carriers and blood substitutes. Magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide (Fe3O4) were loaded in porous CaCO3 particles for magnetically assisted chemical separation (MACS). Through the adsorption spectrum of magnetic Hb microspheres after adsorbing UO22+, it was found that UO22+ was highly loaded in the magnetic Hb microspheres, and it shows that the presence of UO22+ in vivo destroys the structure and oxygen‐transporting capability of Hb microspheres. In view of the high adsorption capacity of UO22+, the as‐assembled magnetic Hb microspheres can be considered as a novel, highly effective adsorbent for removing metal toxins from radiation‐contaminated bodies, or from nuclear‐power reactor effluent before discharge into the environment.
Rhodium Bis(quinolinyl)benzene Complexes for Methane Activation and Functionalization
Authors: Fu Ross , O'Reilly Matthew E. , Nielsen Robert J. , Goddard III William A. , Gunnoe T. Brent 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA series of rhodium(III) bis(quinolinyl)benzene (bisqx) complexes was studied as candidates for the homogeneous partial oxidation of methane. Density functional theory (DFT) (M06 with Poisson continuum solvation) was used to investigate a variety of (bisqx) ligand candidates involving different functional groups to determine the impact on RhIII(bisqx)‐catalyzed methane functionalization. The free energy activation barriers for methane CH activation and Rh–methyl functionalization at 298 K and 498 K were determined. DFT studies predict that the best candidate for catalytic methane functionalization is RhIII coordinated to unsubstituted bis(quinolinyl)benzene (bisq). Support is also found for the prediction that the η2‐benzene coordination mode of (bisqx) ligands on Rh encourages methyl group functionalization by serving as an effective leaving group for SN2 and SR2 attack.
Two‐Photon Absorption Properties of Eu3+‐DPA‐Triazolyl Complexes and the Derived Silica Nanoparticles Embedding These Complexes
Authors: Adumeau Pierre , Gaillard Claire , Boyer Damien , Canet Jean‐Louis , Gautier Arnaud , Mahiou Rachid 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSeveral complexes and silica‐based nanohybrids of rare‐earth ions (Eu3+, Gd3+) have been synthesized from dimethyl 4‐azidopyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxylate (4) following the Click chemistry approach. A complete spectroscopic study indicates that such compounds exhibit strong sensitization by the antenna effect from both UV and NIR excitations. The Gd3+‐based materials show phosphorescence under ambient conditions, which originates from the lowest‐energy intra‐ligand triplets. Fine analysis of the NIR excitation spectra using time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy (TRS) indicates that the spectral repartition of the triplet T1 state differs notably between the complexes and the NPs embedding the complexes. Moreover the dependence of Eu3+ luminescence vs. incident beam power in the NIR region diverges from pure quadratic dependence expected in the framework of the two‐photon absorption process. The results are discussed considering the occurrence of a direct singlet‐to‐triplet optical absorption transition (S0→T1) upon NIR excitation.
Quenching of Fluorescence in Bodipy‐Derived Trifluoromethyl Enaminone Ligands upon Coordination to Copper(II)
Authors: Chopin Nicolas , Médebielle Maurice , Maury Olivier , Novitchi Ghénadie , Pilet Guillaume 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of two trifluoromethyl‐derived enaminone ligands, L1H (bidentate) and L2H2, (tridentate), which bear a fluorescent 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (Bodipy) moiety, leads to the preparation and characterization of two CuII complexes {[Cu(L1)2]·2(CH2Cl2) (A) and [Cu4(L2)4]·4(C4H8O2) (B)} that exhibit different architectures. The magnetic properties of the cubane‐like complex B evidence a dominant ferromagnetic behavior characterized by exchange coupling constants J1 = +20.56(3) cm–1 and J2 = –10.29(2) cm–1. Indeed, whereas the luminescence properties of the Bodipy‐derived trifluoromethyl enaminones L1H and L2H2 are typical of the Bodipy skeleton, the emission is totally quenched in both mononuclear (A) and cubane (B) CuII complexes. To elucidate this quenching phenomenon, the Rehm–Weller equation has been used based on experimental cyclic voltammetry redox potential measurements. The result remains ambiguous for complexes A and B, and the origin of the quenching phenomenon, photoinduced electron transfer (PET) versus energy transfer (Förster or Dexter), cannot be deduced.
Multigram Four‐Step Synthesis of 1,4,7‐Triazacyclononanes with 2Ra/RbN‐Functionalization Pattern by Starting from Diethylenetriamine
Authors: Gros Guillaume , Hasserodt Jens 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPolyazamacrocycles and their derivatives are appreciated for the strength of their corresponding metal complexes. 1,4,7‐Triazacyclononane (TACN) derivatives have been employed in an ever increasing number of applications. To this day, all synthetic routes to TACN derivatives that have identical or differing substituents require the initial preparation of unprotected TACN. Herein, we report the four‐step synthesis of TACN derivatives that have a 2Ra/Rb N‐functionalization pattern by starting from diethylenetriamine and employing an organic template strategy.
Quality of pain treatment after caesarean section: Results of a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Marcus H. , Gerbershagen H.J. , Peelen L.M. , Aduckathil S. , Kappen T.H. , Kalkman C.J. , Meissner W. , Stamer U.M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundA large cohort study recently reported high pain scores after caesarean section (CS). The aim of this study was to analyse how pain after CS interferes with patients' activities and to identify possible causes of insufficient pain treatment.MethodsWe analysed pain scores, pain‐related interferences (with movement, deep breathing, mood and sleep), analgesic techniques, analgesic consumption, adverse effects and the wish to have received more analgesics during the first 24 h after surgery. To better evaluate the severity of impairment by pain, the results of CS patients were compared with those of patients undergoing hysterectomy.ResultsCS patients (n = 811) were compared with patients undergoing abdominal, laparoscopic‐assisted vaginal or vaginal hysterectomy (n = 2406, from 54 hospitals). Pain intensity, wish for more analgesics and most interference outcomes were significantly worse after CS compared with hysterectomies. CS patients with spinal or general anaesthesia and without patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) received significantly less opioids on the ward (62% without any opioid) compared with patients with PCA (p < 0.001). Patients with PCA reported pain‐related interference with movement and deep breathing between 49% and 52% compared with patients without PCA (between 68% and 73%; p‐values between 0.004 and 0.013; not statistically significant after correction for multiple testing).ConclusionIn daily clinical practice, pain after CS is much higher than previously thought. Pain management was insufficient compared with patients undergoing hysterectomy. Unfavourable outcome was mainly associated with low opioid administration after CS. Contradictory pain treatment guidelines for patients undergoing CS and for breastfeeding mothers might contribute to reluctance of opioid administration in CS patients.
Characterization of a model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 autotrophic growth in a flat‐panel photobioreactor
Authors: Zavřel Tomáš , Sinetova Maria A. , Búzová Diana , Literáková Petra , Červený Jan 
Published: November 2014

We characterized the photoautotrophic growth of glucose‐tolerant Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in a flat‐panel photobioreactor running on a semicontinuous regime under various lights, temperatures, and influx carbon dioxide concentrations. The maximum reached growth rate was 0.135 h−1, which corresponds to a doubling time of 5.13 h—a growth speed never reported for Synechocystis before. Saturating red light intensity for the strain was 220–360 μmol(photons) m−2 s−1, and we did not observe any photoinhibition up to 660 μmol(photons) m−2 s−1. Synechocystis was able to grow under red light only; however, photons of wavelengths 405–585 and 670–700 nm further improved its growth. Optimal growth temperature was 35°C. Below 32°C, the growth rates decreased linearly with temperature coefficient (Q10) 1.70. Semicontinuous cultivation is known to be efficient for growth characterization and optimization. However, the assumption of correct growth rates calculation—culture exponential growth—is often not fulfilled. The semicontinuous setup in this study was operated as a turbidostat. Accurate online OD measurements with high time‐resolution allowed fast and reliable growth rates determination. Repeating diluting frequencies (up to 18 dilutions per day) were essential for rapid growth stability evaluation. The presented setup provides improvement to previously published semicontinuous characterization strategies by decreasing experimental time requirements and maintaining the culture in exponential growth phase throughout the entire characterization procedure.
Therapeutic Dying
Authors: Dugdale Lydia S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAt face value, his question seemed sensible. We target cancer with chemotherapy and bone pain with narcotics. Why not also treat the “pathology” of dying? There exists precedent, after all, for the medicalization of less common human traits or conditions: shyness has become social anxiety disorder, and nocturnal leg jerking has become periodic limb movement disorder. We have developed therapies for these. It could follow that Mr. Roberts's dying might become a “life sustenance disorder” for which we could also prescribe therapy.
Engaging Pediatric Health Professionals in Interactive Online Ethics Education
Authors: Plantz Diane M. , Garrett Jeremy R. , Carter Brian , Knackstedt Angela D. , Watkins Vanessa S. , Lantos John 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBioethical decision‐making in pediatrics diverges from similar decisions in other medical domains because the young child is not an autonomous decision‐maker, while the teen is developing—and should be encouraged to develop—autonomy and decisional capacity. Thus the balance between autonomy and beneficence is fundamentally different in pediatrics than in adult medicine. While ethical dilemmas that reflect these fundamental issues are common, many pediatric physician and nursing training programs do not delve into the issues or offer specific training about how to deal with borderline cases.To meet this need, the Children's Mercy Bioethics Center in Kansas City, Missouri, created a program specifically dedicated to serving practicing, experienced pediatric health professionals. Our students come from various professional disciplines: they are doctors, nurses, social workers, chaplains, lawyers, psychologists, counselors, and hospital administrators practicing in pediatrics.
Experimental study on vapour splitter in packed divided wall column
Authors: Huaqiang Ge , Xiangwu Chen , Nan Chen , Wenyi Chen 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDAdjustment of the vapour split in a divided wall column (DWC) is a great challenge. In order to resolve this problem, a vapour splitter was proposed and the properties and performance of the vapour splitter were examined in a number of experiments.RESULTSGas flow rates and vapour split changed significantly with blade angle in the range 50–10°. When the liquid flow rates on both sides were the same, the vapour split reduced with increasing liquid flow rate. The gas flow rate decreased with increase of liquid flow rate in the same side. The vapour split increased when the gas velocity decreased. When the V‐type cap angle was 50° the gas nonuniformity was minimum. The gas nonuniformity also varied with blade angle, but fortunately remained at a low level.CONCLUSIONThe device can adjust the vapour split regardless of operating conditions. The gas is distributed uniformly before entering the packed bed. There are some limitations to this device, but the results indicate that the prospects of our vapour splitter are promising. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Impacts of anastomotic complications on the health‐related quality of life after esophagectomy
Authors: Huang Qingyuan , Zhong Jiudi , Yang Tianzhen , Li Jinhui , Luo Kongjia , Zheng Yuzhen , Yang Hong , Fu Jianhua 
Published: November 2014

Backgroud and objectivesHealth‐related quality of life (HRQL) is of great importance in cancer management. The aim was to identify factors that influence postoperative HRQL in esophageal carcinoma patients.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted to enroll 196 patients with esophageal carcinoma from November 2012 to June 2013. Sociademographic and clinicopathological parameters were recorded in detail. EORTC‐QLQ C30 and ES18 were used to assess HRQL before surgery, at discharge, 1 and 6 months after discharge. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors independently influencing quality of life at 6 months after discharge.ResultsHRQL dramatically decreased after esophagectomy, but restored within 6 months in the most scales. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender (P = 0.002) and anastomotic stricture (P = 0.001) were the independent predictors of poor global quality‐of‐life 6 months after discharge. Anastomotic stricture occurred in 22 patients (11.2%), and their performance in social function (P = 0.04), problems with eating (P = 0.006), choking when swallowing (P < 0.001) were significantly poorer at 6 months after discharge. There were not significant differences in global quality‐of‐life between patients with and without anastomotic leakage at three postoperative assessments.ConclusionsPostoperative HRQL is restored within 6 months after discharge. Occurrence of anastomotic stricture significantly decreases HRQL after esophagectomy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:365–370. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rate Determination of the CO2* Chemiluminescence Reaction CO + O + M CO2* + M
Authors: Kopp Madeleine M. , Mathieu Olivier , Petersen Eric L. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTElectronically excited carbon dioxide (CO2*) is known for its broadband emission, and its detection can lead to valuable information; however, owing to its broadband characteristics, CO2* is difficult to isolate experimentally, and its chemical kinetics are not well known. Although numerous works have monitored CO2* chemiluminescence, a full kinetic scheme for the excited species has yet to be developed. To this end, a series of shock‐tube experiments was performed in H2‐N2O‐CO mixtures highly diluted in argon at conditions where emission from CO2* could be isolated and monitored. These results were used to evaluate the kinetics of CO2*, in particular the main CO2* formation reaction CO + O + M CO2* + M (R1). Based on collision theory, the quenching chemistry of CO2* was estimated for 11 collision partners. The final mechanism developed for CO2* consists of 14 reactions and 13 species. The rate for (R1) was determined to within about ±60% using low‐pressure experiments performed in five different (H2‐)N2O‐CO‐Ar mixtures, as follows:
urn:x-wiley:05388066:media:kin20892:kin20892-math-0003 where R is the universal gas constant in cal/mol‐K and T is the temperature in K. Final mechanism predictions were compared with experiments at low and high pressures, with good agreement at both conditions for the temperature dependence of the peak CO2* and the CO2* species time histories. Comparisons were also made with previous experiments in methane–oxygen mixtures, where there was slight overprediction of CO2* experimental trends, but with the results otherwise showing a dramatic improvement over an earlier mechanism. Experimental results and model predictions were also compared with past literature rates for CO2*, with good agreement for peak CO2* trends and slight discrepancies in CO2* species time histories. Overall, the ability of the CO2* mechanism developed in this work to reproduce a range of experimental trends represents an important improvement over the existing knowledge base on chemiluminescence chemistry.
Dynamic analysis of combined system of framed tube and shear walls by Galerkin method using B‐spline functions
Authors: Rahgozar Reza , Mahmoudzadeh Zahra , Malekinejad Mohsen , Rahgozar Peyman 
Published: November 2014

SummaryIn this article, dynamic parameters (natural frequencies and mode shapes) of tall buildings that consist of framed tube and shear walls are obtained using a simple approximate method. The three‐dimensional structure is replaced by an equivalent cantilever beam, considering both bending and shear deformations. On the basis of dynamic equilibrium, the governing differential equation of motion is obtained and converted to its corresponding weak form. B‐spline functions are then utilized to approximate the weak form and to obtain the final matrix form of the problem. Finally, by applying essential boundary conditions, the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes are calculated. To demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method, numerical examples are solved, and the results are compared with those obtained from SAP2000 computer analysis. The results show that the proposed method is efficient and accurate enough to be used in preliminary design. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Longest Acenes
Authors: Bettinger Holger F. , Tönshoff Christina 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFor a long time, the largest known member of the acene series was hexacene, consisting of six linearly fused benzene rings. The next higher member, heptacene, is so highly reactive that either stabilization using substituents is required or matrix isolation techniques need to be employed for the detection of the parent hydrocarbon. This Record Review summarizes recent research that culminated in the synthesis of substituted and parent nonacene.
Penetrating Extremity Trauma
Authors: Ivatury Rao R. , Anand Rahul , Ordonez Carlos 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPenetrating extremity trauma (PET) usually becomes less important when present along with multiple truncal injuries. The middle eastern wars documented the terrible mortality and morbidity resulting from PET. Even in civilian trauma, PET can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. There are now well‐established principles in the evaluation and management of vascular, bony, soft tissue, and neurologic lesions that will lead to a reduction of the poor outcomes. This review will summarize some of these recent concepts.
Evaluation of Training Program for Surgical Trauma Teams in Botswana
Authors: Hanche‐Olsen Terje Peder , Alemu Lulseged , Viste Asgaut , Wisborg Torben , Hansen Kari S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundTrauma represents a challenge to healthcare systems worldwide, particularly in low‐and middle‐income countries. Positive effects can be achieved by improving trauma care at the scene of the accident and throughout hospitalization and rehabilitation. Therefore, we assessed the long‐term effects of national implementation of a training program for multidisciplinary trauma teams in a southern African country.MethodsFrom 2007 to 2009, an educational program for trauma, “Better and Systematic Team Training,” (BEST) was implemented at all government hospitals in Botswana. The effects were assessed through interviews, a structured questionnaire, and physical inspections using the World Health Organization’s “Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care.” Data on human and physical resources, infrastructure, trauma administrative functions, and quality‐improvement activities before and at 2‐year follow‐up were compared for all 27 government hospitals.ResultsA majority of hospitals had formed local trauma organizations; half were performing multidisciplinary trauma simulations and some had organized multidisciplinary trauma teams with alarm criteria. A number of hospitals had developed local trauma guidelines and local trauma registries. More equipment for advanced airway management and stiff cervical collars were available after 2 years. There were also improvements in the skills necessary for airway and breathing management. The most changes were seen in the northern region of Botswana.ConclusionsImplementation of BEST in Botswana hospitals was associated with several positive changes at 2‐year follow‐up, particularly for trauma administrative functions and quality‐improvement activities. The effects on obtaining technical equipment and skills were moderate and related mostly to airway and breathing management.
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter is a Better Predictor than Body Mass Index for Duration of Laparoscopic Left Colectomy
Authors: Clerc Daniel , Blaser Benjamin , Demartines Nicolas , Christoforidis Dimitrios 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackground
Visceral obesity (VO) increases technical difficulty in laparoscopic surgery. The body mass index (BMI) does not always correlate to intra‐abdominal fat distribution. Our hypothesis was that simple anthropometric measures that reflect VO, could predict technical difficulty in laparoscopic colorectal surgery, as reflected by the operative time, more accurately than the BMI.MethodsCharts of all consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic left colon resection in our institution between 2007 and 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. On a preoperative CT scan, anthropometric measures were taken on an axial plane at the L4–L5 level. Demographic, operative and anthropometric CT measures were correlated with the operative time. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the value of anthropometric CT measures or BMI to predict the duration of the colectomy.Results
121 patients with elective left colon resection for benign (56%) or malignant disease (44%) were included. There were 74 sigmoid resections (61%), 21 left hemicolectomies (17%) and 26 low anterior resections (22%). A longer sagittal abdominal diameter (≥24.8 cm) was significantly associated with longer corrected operative time (248 vs. 228 min, p = 0.043). In multivariate analysis, greater sagittal abdominal diameter, sagittal internal diameter and abdominal perimeter were significantly associated with longer operative time. No significant association was found for the BMI neither in univariate nor in multivariate analysis.ConclusionsThis study suggests that simple linear measures taken on a CT scan, such as sagittal abdominal diameter, sagittal internal diameter and abdominal perimeter, may predict longer operative time in laparoscopic left colonic resections more accurately than BMI.