bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(0)‐Catalyzed Benzylic Arylation—Oxidation of 4‐Methylquinazolines via sp3 C—H Activation under Air Conditions.
Authors: Zhao Dan , Zhu Min‐Xue , Wang Yue , Shen Qi , Li Jian‐Xin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe title reaction enables the introduction of an aryl ketone at the benzylic position of quinazolines (I) without the use of an additional directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Pyrazole‐Based Heterocycles via a Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Domino Annulation.
Authors: Gyuris Mario , Puskas Laszlo G. , Toth Gabor K. , Kanizsai Ivan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPyrazole‐based β‐aminonitriles (I) and ‐carbaldehydes (VI) are introduced as bifunctional building blocks in a two‐step one‐pot domino reaction with chloroalkyl isocyanates.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of 6‐Amino‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrimido[2,1a]isoquinoline‐7‐carbonitriles and 5‐Amino‐2,3‐dihydroimidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline‐6‐carbonitriles
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Ezaki Kosuke , Komatsu Toshihide 
Published: January 2014

Abstractby Cu(I)‐catalyzed reaction of 2‐(o‐bromophenyl)‐dihydroimidazoles (I) or ‐tetrahydropyrimidines (IV) with malononitrile, respectively
ChemInform Abstract: Desymmetrization of meso‐2,5‐Diallylpyrrolidinyl Ureas Through Asymmetric Palladium‐Catalyzed Carboamination: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Bicyclic Ureas.
Authors: Babij Nicholas R. , Wolfe John P. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis novel title reaction allows the asymmetric synthesis of bicyclic urea derivatives bearing three stereocenters.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Isocyanide‐Based Three‐Component Reaction: A Facile Synthesis of Substituted 1H‐Chromeno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐5‐carboxamides.
Authors: Soleimani Ebrahim , Ghorbani Somayeh , Ghasempour Hamid Reza 
Published: January 2014

AbstractUnder optimized conditions, the one‐pot three‐component reaction of salicylaldehydes, barbituric acid, and isocyanides affords the title compounds in high yields under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedient, Ionic Liquid Mediated Multi‐Component Synthesis of Novel Piperidone Grafted Cholinesterase Enzymes Inhibitors and Their Molecular Modeling Study.
Authors: Basiri Alireza , Murugaiyah Vikneswaran , Osman Hasnah , Kumar Raju Suresh , Kia Yalda , Awang Khalijah Binti , Ali Mohamed Ashraf 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTitle compounds (IV) are synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against AChE and BChE enzymes with (IVa,d,e) displaying superior activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Domino Access to Unexpected Alkyl 3‐Substituted‐2‐hydroxy‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,4‐benzoxazine‐2‐carboxylates.
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Ru , Huang Xiao , Xu Dong‐Cheng , Xie Jian‐Wu 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA new domino alkylation‐cyclization‐air oxidation of 2‐halo‐1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds such as (II) and (V) with 2‐aminophenols (I) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Method to Construct (Z)‐Oxazines via 6‐Exo‐dig Iodocyclization and Synthesis of Indolin‐3‐one.
Authors: Vandavasi Jaya Kishore , Kuo Kung‐Kai , Hu Wan‐Ping , Shen Ho‐Chanu , Lo Wei‐Sheng , Wang Jeh‐Jeng 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA novel method for the preparation of (Z)‐isomers of 4‐(iodomethylidene)‐1,3‐benzoxazines (II) via 6‐exo‐dig cyclization is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Benzylation/Benzylic C—H Amidation Cascade by the (η3‐Benzyl)palladium System in Aqueous Media: An Effective Pathway for the Direct Construction of 3‐Phenyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐(2H)‐1,2,4‐benzothiadiazine 1,1‐Dioxides.
Authors: Hikawa Hidemasa , Matsuda Naoya , Suzuki Hideharu , Yokoyama Yuusaku , Azumaya Isao 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWater plays a crucial role in the activation of the benzylic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C—H Activation/Cycloaddition of Benzamides and Methylenecyclopropanes: Divergence in Ring Formation.
Authors: Cui Sunliang , Zhang Yan , Wu Qifan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe title reaction affords a variety of spiro dihydroisoquinolinones and furan‐fused azepinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure, Theoretical Studies, and Coupling Reactions of Some New Cyclic Boronic Esters.
Authors: Kuttler Andrew , Durganala Srananthi , Fratini Albert , Morgan Alexander B. , Benin Vladimir 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe new cyclic boronic esters (III), (VIII), and (X) are prepared, their X‐ray‐structures are given and their conformations are discussed on the basis of theoretical calculations using the SHELXTL software.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Dehydrogenative Silylation of Terminal Alkenes with (TMSO)2MeSiH.
Authors: Cheng Chen , Simmons Eric M. , Hartwig John F. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDepending on the reaction conditions, this silylation method yields either Z‐ or E‐silyl‐alkenes (III) or (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Route to New Cyclic (Chloroalkyl)phosphane‐, Diphosphane‐, and Aminophosphane Derivatives.
Authors: Boga Carla , Micheletti Gabriele , Delpivo Camilla , Mazzacurati Marzia 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe reaction of benzothiadiphosphole (BTD) with bis‐Grignard reagent (I) followed by reactions with a second Grignard reagent (II) and elemental sulfur affords new phosphane derivatives of type (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation and Characterization of Limonoids from Kigelia africana.
Authors: Riaz Naheed , et al. et al. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTwo new limonoids, 1‐O‐deacetyl‐2α‐methoxykhayanolide (I) and kigelianolide (II), are isolated along with three known limonoids.
ChemInform Abstract: Diterpenoids from Acanthopanax brachypus HARMS.
Authors: Hu Hao‐Bin , Zheng Xu‐Dong , Hu Huai‐Sheng , Wu Yun 
Published: January 2014

AbstractNoracanthopanin A (I) and acanthopanolide B (II) are isolated along with two known diterpenoids from the stem bark of Acanthopanax brachypus HARMS.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of N‐Glycolylneuraminic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Chopra Pradeep , Madge Paul D. , Thomson Robin J. , Grice I. Darren , von Itzstein Mark 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA rapid, efficient, and scalable synthesis of the title compounds is achieved from the natural N‐acetyl precursors via sequential microwave‐assisted N‐deacetylation and further N‐glycolylation, e.g. synthesis of compound (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Armillariols A to C from the Culture broth of Armillaria sp.
Authors: Kobori Hajime , Sekiya Atsushi , Yasuda Nobuhiro , Noguchi Keiichi , Suzuki Tomohiro , Choi Jae‐Hoon , Hirai Hirofumi , Kawagishi Hirokazu 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThree novel lettuce hypocotyl and root growth regulating compounds, armillariols A (I), B (II), and C (III), are isolated from the culture broth of Armillaria sp.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc(II)‐1,3,5‐triazapentadienate Complex as Effective Catalyst in Henry Reaction
Authors: Shixaliyev Namiq Q. , Maharramov Abel M. , Gurbanov Atash V. , Nenajdenko Valentine G. , Muzalevskiy Vasily M. , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Kopylovich Maximilian N. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractReview: 35 refs.
Adsorption Isotherms of n‐Pentane, Toluene and n‐Pentane/Water Mixtures on Activated Carbon Fibres
Authors: Fickinger Daniel , Kimmerle Klaus , Schippert Egbert , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDie Untersuchung der Materialeigenschaften und Porenstruktur von Aktivkohlefasern mit unterschiedlichen Aktivierungsgraden zeigt, dass fünf Hauptporengrößen vorliegen und engere Poren mit zunehmender Aktivierung verschwinden. Aufgrund des großen Anteils sehr enger Poren besitzen niedriger aktivierte Kohlen bei kleinen Lösemittel‐Konzentrationen höhere Gleichgewichtsbeladungen als die jeweils höher aktivierten; in feuchter Atmosphäre verstärkt sich dieser Effekt. Die Adsorptionsenthalpie nach dem ALIc‐Modell ist für niedrige Aktivierungsgrade und bei geringer Porenfüllung sehr viel größer als für den jeweils höheren Aktivierungsgrad.
Chemoradiation therapy sequencing for resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Colbert Lauren E. , Hall William A. , Nickleach Dana , Switchenko Jeffrey , Kooby David A. , Liu Yuan , Gillespie Theresa , Lipscomb Joseph , Kauh John , Landry Jerome C. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUNDPancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) has low overall survival (OS) rates and high recurrence rates following surgical resection. The role for preoperative radiation therapy (prRT) for PAC versus postoperative RT (poRT) remains uncertain. The authors used the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) to report prRT outcomes for the largest multi‐institutional patient cohort to date.METHODSNCDB data were obtained for all patients who underwent resection and external beam radiation (RT) for PAC from 1998 to 2002. Patients with metastatic (M1) disease, intraoperative RT, RT both before and after surgery, missing OS, or missing RT variables were excluded. Univariate (UV) and multivariate (MV) analysis were run using treatment characteristics, tumor characteristics, and patient demographics. The difference in patients' known characteristics was described by a chi‐square test or analysis of variance.RESULTSA total of 5414 patients were identified. Of these, 277 received prRT and 5137 received poRT. Overall, 92.9% received chemotherapy and 7.1% received RT alone; 56% (2990 of 5307) of patients had stage III disease, according to American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) staging manual, 5th edition. Median tumor size was 3 cm (range: 0‐9.9 cm); 82% (199 of 244) of patients with prRT had negative surgical margins; 72% (3383 of 4699) of patients with poRT had negative margins. Forty‐one percent (71 of 173) of patients with prRT were lymph node (LN)‐positive; 65% (3159 of 4833) of patients with poRT were LN‐positive. Median OS for patients with prRT was 18 months (95% CI = 18‐19 months) and for patients with poRT, 19 months (95% CI = 17‐22 months).CONCLUSIONSReceipt of prRT was associated with lower stage, higher rates of negative margins, and lower rates of lymph node positivity at resection. However, there was no significant difference in median OS versus that of the poRT group. Cancer 2014;120:499–506. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Design and performance study of phase‐locked loop using fractional‐order loop filter
Authors: Tripathy Madhab Chandra , Mondal Debasmita , Biswas Karabi , Sen Siddhartha 
Published: January 2014

SummaryThe present work reports the realization of an analog fractional‐order phase‐locked loop (FPLL) using a fractional capacitor. The expressions for bandwidth, capture range, and lock range of the FPLL have been derived analytically and then compared with the experimental observations using LM565 IC. It has been observed that bandwidth and capture range can be extended by using FPLL. It has also been found that FPLL can provide faster response and lower phase error at the time of switching compared to its integer‐order counterpart. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The development of facial identity discrimination through learned attention
Authors: Simpson Elizabeth A. , Jakobsen Krisztina V. , Fragaszy Dorothy M. , Okada Kazunori , Frick Janet E. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTLearned attention models of perceptual discrimination predict that with age, sensitivity will increase for dimensions of stimuli useful for discrimination. We tested this prediction by examining the face dimensions 4‐ to 6‐month‐olds (n = 77), 9‐ to 12‐month‐olds (n = 66), and adults (n = 73) use for discriminating human, monkey, and sheep faces systematically varying in outer features (contour), inner features (eyes, mouth), or configuration (feature spacing). We controlled interindividual variability across species by varying faces within natural ranges and measured stimulus variability using computational image similarity. We found the most improvement with age in human face discrimination, and older participants discriminated more species and used more facial properties for discrimination, consistent with learned attention models. Older infants and adults discriminated human, monkey, and sheep faces; however, they used different facial properties for primates and sheep. Learned attention models may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying perceptual narrowing. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 1083–1101, 2014.
Telling left from right: Left‐right asymmetric controls in sea urchins
Authors: Su Yi‐Hsien 
Published: January 2014

SummaryLeft–right asymmetry of internal organs is a common feature in bilateria. It is generally considered that three steps are required to establish the left–right axis. These include the initial symmetry‐breaking step that leads to asymmetric gene expression and ultimately results in side‐specific organogenesis along the left–right axis. During the development of indirect‐developing sea urchins, the adult rudiments consistently form on the left side of the feeding larvae. Recent studies have revealed that several signaling molecules are required to regulate the initial right‐sided nodal expression in the archenteron. Right‐sided Nodal signaling then restricts BMP signaling to the left side. These two TGFβ signals are important for asymmetric gene expression, cell behavior, and morphogenesis along the left–right axis. Although considerable progress has been made regarding sea urchin left–right asymmetry, many questions remain unanswered. This review attempts to synthesize what is known about the left–right asymmetric controls in sea urchins. Additionally, questions raised from previous findings and possible mechanisms concerning symmetry breaking are also discussed. genesis 52:269–278. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Practical diagnostic approaches to composite plasma cell neoplasm and low grade B‐cell lymphoma/clonal infiltrates in the bone marrow
Authors: Hussein Shafinaz , Gill Kamraan , Baer Lea N. , Hoehn Daniela , Mansukhani Mahesh , Jobanputra Vaidehi , Bhagat Govind , Alobeid Bachir 
Published: January 2014

AbstractComposite plasma cell neoplasm (PCN) and low grade B‐cell lymphoma (B‐NHL) in the bone marrow are uncommon and raise the differential diagnosis of B‐NHL with plasmacytic differentiation and PCN with lymphoplasmacytic morphology. This can be a challenging differential diagnosis, and the distinctions are important because of differences in management. We report five cases of composite PCN with B‐NHL or clonal B‐cell infiltrates involving the bone marrow. By using multiple different diagnostic modalities, including immunophenotyping by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, cytogenetic analysis and IGH gene rearrangement studies by polymerase chain reaction, we were able to distinguish two distinct clonally unrelated neoplasms in all cases. We describe the utility and pitfalls of these different diagnostic modalities. Flow cytometric analysis with a panel of antibodies that includes CD19, CD56, CD138, CD45 and other aberrant markers commonly expressed by PCN will allow identification of clonally unrelated PCN and B‐NHL in a composite neoplasm, and distinguish them from B‐NHL with plasmacytic differentiation and PCN with lymphoplasmacytic morphology. Cytogenetic and molecular analyses can give false‐negative or false‐positive results. In summary, a multimodal approach utilizing these different tools, including clinical data, should be used to arrive at the correct diagnosis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Endogenous pain inhibition during menstrual cycle in migraine
Authors: Teepker M. , Kunz M. , Peters M. , Kundermann B. , Schepelmann K. , Lautenbacher S. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundMigraine is a common headache disorder that can vary menstrually in women and has been linked to an impairment of endogenous pain inhibitory systems. One of these endogenous pain inhibitory systems, namely conditioned pain modulation (CPM; formerly diffuse noxious inhibitory controls‐like), has been shown to be affected by the menstrual cycle. The aim of this study was to examine CPM over the menstrual cycle in migraineurs and healthy controls.MethodsTwenty healthy women and 32 female migraineurs were examined on days 1, 4, 14 and 22 of the menstrual cycle. Detection and pain thresholds for electrocutaneous stimuli were first assessed at baseline. Second, tonic heat stimuli were applied concurrently to the electrical stimuli, and the difference in electrical thresholds to baseline were analysed as indicating CPM inhibition.ResultsMigraineurs revealed higher detection thresholds than the control group but similar pain thresholds for the electrical current. Likewise, pain sensitivity for tonic heat stimulation also did not differ between groups. With regard to our main hypotheses, we found that CPM inhibition neither differed between migraineurs and healthy volunteers nor varied over the menstrual cycle.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CPM inhibition is not altered in female migraineurs; thus, it is questionable whether CPM really plays a role in the development of migraine or whether migraine leads to a dysfunctional CPM inhibition.
Assessing Changes in Counselor Trainees' Multicultural Competence Related to Service Learning
Authors: Lee Debbiesiu L. , Rosen Adam D. , McWhirter J. Jeffries 
Published: January 2014

This mixed methods study examined changes in self‐reported multicultural competence and distress reactions of 32 counselor trainees engaged in service learning. Whereas 3 trainees significantly increased in self‐reported multicultural competence, 5 significantly decreased. Trainees who significantly increased in multicultural competence reported less distress; those who significantly decreased reported greater distress. However, changes in multicultural competence appeared to be unrelated to themes uncovered in the qualitative data. Implications for training and practice are discussed.Este estudio de métodos mixtos examinó los cambios en competencia cultural y reacciones de aflicción reportados por 32 consejeros en formación que realizaban prácticas para su aprendizaje. A pesar de que 3 consejeros en formación comunicaron un aumento significativo de su competencia cultural, 5 de ellos reportaron una disminución significativa. Los consejeros en formación que aumentaron considerablemente su competencia cultural reportaron un nivel menor de aflicción; aquellos que disminuyeron considerablemente reportaron mayor aflicción. Sin embargo, los cambios en la competencia cultural no tenían relación aparente con los temas desvelados en los datos cualitativos. Se discuten las implicaciones para la formación y prácticas.
Preparing L‐α‐Glycerophosphocholine in a Phase‐Transfer Catalytic Reaction: Kinetic Study
Authors: Li Hong‐Ya , Zhang Xiao‐Li , Zhang Jie‐Bing , Zhang Tian‐Tian , Zhao Bin‐Xia 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe transesterification of phosphatidylcholine with methanol was successfully carried out using a promising solvent methyl tert‐butyl ether instead of traditional ether, and the reaction was dramatically enhanced in the presence of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide as the phase‐transfer catalyst. Kinetics of the reaction including the effects of the reaction conditions on the conversion of phosphatidylcholine and the apparent rate constant (kapp) were investigated in detail. On the basis of the experimental evidence, the transesterification mechanism was proposed and a kinetic model was developed, and the experimental data were well described by the pseudo–first‐order equation.
Mandibular osteotomy for expanded transoral robotic surgery: A novel technique
Authors: Iloreta Alfred Marc C. , Anderson Katie , Miles Brett A. 
Published: January 2014

Objectives/HypothesisTransoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) has revolutionized the surgical treatment of malignant lesions of the oropharyngeal region. Recent studies have shown that this approach is a very safe procedure and can provide favorable clinical and functional outcomes with respect to traditional approaches. However, a small minority of patients who present with lesions amenable to TORS resection may not be candidates due to anatomical access issues. Anatomic features such as a retrognathic mandible, macroglossia, trismus, dentition, and small oral aperture limit the ability to perform TORS with current technology. We propose a modified TORS approach in which transoral mandibular osteotomies are performed that can greatly improve exposure to oropharyngeal subsites and expand access to the larynx in selected patients.Study DesignFive experimental procedures were performed on five cadavers.MethodsFive cadavers were obtained for the investigation. Measurements including retractor opening, lateral cephalography, acoustic pharyngometry, and high‐resolution photographs were taken prior to mandibular osteotomies and then repeated following the osteotomies.ResultsAn increase in retractor opening, transoral exposure, and oral cavity was observed in all specimens.ConclusionsMandibular osteotomies increase exposure to oral cavity and oropharyngeal lesions in the setting of TORS.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 124:1836–1842, 2014
HFE p.C282Y heterozygosity is associated with earlier disease onset in Friedreich ataxia
Authors: Delatycki Martin B. , Tai Geneieve , Corben Louise , Yiu Eppie M. , Evans‐Galea Marguerite V. , Stephenson Sarah E.M. , Gurrin Lyle , Allen Katrina J. , Lynch David , Lockhart Paul J. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundFriedreich ataxia (FRDA) generally results from reduced frataxin, a mitochondrial protein involved in iron metabolism. We assessed whether HFE p.C282Y and/or p.H63D heterozygosity modifies age at disease onset or disease severity in individuals with FRDA.MethodsOne hundred seventy individuals with FRDA were assessed for the association of HFE p.C282Y and p.H63D with (1) age at disease onset and (2) Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale (FARS) score.ResultsAfter adjusting for the smaller FXN GAA repeat size and sex, individuals with FRDA and heterozygous for p.C282Y had disease onset on average 3.72 years earlier than those homozygous for the wild‐type amino acid (P = 0.02). Neither mutation affected disease severity as measured by FARS.ConclusionsIt is hypothesized that the association between p.C282Y heterozygosity and an earlier age at FRDA onset relates to exacerbation of the already dysregulated iron metabolism that plays a major role in the pathogenesis of FRDA. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Maximizing T2‐exchange in Dy3+DOTA‐(amide)X chelates: Fine‐tuning the water molecule exchange rate for enhanced T2 contrast in MRI
Authors: Soesbe Todd C. , Ratnakar S. James , Milne Mark , Zhang Shanrong , Do Quyen N. , Kovacs Zoltan , Sherry A. Dean 
Published: January 2014

PurposeThe water molecule exchange rates in a series of DyDOTA‐(amide)X chelates were fine‐tuned to maximize the effects of T2‐exchange line broadening and improve T2 contrast.MethodsFour DyDOTA‐(amide)X chelates having a variable number of glycinate side‐arms were prepared and characterized as T2‐exchange agents. The nonexchanging DyTETA chelate was also used to measure the bulk water T2 reduction due solely to T2*. The total transverse relaxivity (r2tot) at 22, 37, and 52°C for each chelate was measured in vitro at 9.4 Tesla (400 MHz) by fitting plots of total T2−1 versus concentration. The water molecule exchange rates for each complex were measured by fitting 17O line‐width versus temperature data taken at 9.4 Tesla (54.3 MHz).ResultsThe measured transverse relaxivities due to water molecule exchange (r2ex) and bound water lifetimes (τM) were in excellent agreement with Swift‐Connick theory, with DyDOTA‐(gly)3 giving the largest r2ex = 11.8 s−1 mM−1 at 37°C.ConclusionBy fine‐tuning the water molecule exchange rate at 37°C, the transverse relaxivity has been increased by 2 to 30 times compared with previously studied Dy3+‐based chelates. Polymerization or dendrimerization of the optimal chelate could yield a highly sensitive, molecule‐sized T2 contrast agent for improved molecular imaging applications. Magn Reson Med 71:1179–1185, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.