bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproducibility and correlations of right ventricular end‐diastolic volume index measured by real‐time three‐dimensional echocardiography
Authors: Xu Yingjia , Wu Weihua , Fang Weiyi , Chen Hui 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo correlate right ventricular volumes measured by real‐time three‐dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) with left ventricular volume indices in patients with or without left‐sided heart diseases.MethodsFor this retrospective, we reviewed 806 consecutive RT3DE examinations with quantitative evaluation of both the left and the right (RV) ventricle. We excluded cases of disease or surgery that would directly affect the size of the RV (eg, intracardiac shunt, significant tricuspid, or pulmonic regurgitation) as well as poor sonographic image quality, leaving a total of 701 studies for analysis. RV volumetric quantification was performed using dedicated software.ResultsLinear regression analysis showed that left ventricular stroke volume index significantly correlated with RV end‐diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) (r = 0.78, p < 0.0001). Overall, 4% (28 of 701) of the patients had RVEDVI lower than 50 ml/m2, and 12% (84 of 701) had RVEDVI greater than 100 ml/m2. Intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.91 to 0.99 for intraobserver and 0.85 to 0.98 for interobserver reproducibility.ConclusionsRT3DE was feasible and reproducible for quantifying RV volume. In patients without known primary RV pathology, RV volume strongly correlated with left ventricular stroke volume. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:81–88, 2014
“Snowplow” injection front effects
Authors: Moore T. E. , Chandler M. O. , Buzulukova N. , Collinson G. A. , Kepko E. L. , Garcia‐Sage K. S. , Henderson M. G. , Sitnov M. I. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAs the Polar spacecraft apogee precessed through the magnetic equator in 2001, Polar encountered numerous substorm events in the region between geosynchronous orbit and 10 RE geocentric distance; most of them in the plasma sheet boundary layers. Of these, a small number was recorded near the neutral sheet in the evening sector. Polar/Thermal Ion Dynamics Experiment provides a unique perspective on the lowest‐energy ion plasma, showing that these events exhibited a damped wavelike character, initiated by a burst of radially outward flow transverse to the local magnetic field at ~80 km/s. They then exhibit strongly damped cycles of inward/outward flow with a period of several minutes. After one or two cycles, they culminated in a hot plasma electron and ion injection, quite similar to those observed at geosynchronous orbit. Cold plasmaspheric plasmas comprise the outward flow cycles, while the inward flow cycles contain counterstreaming field‐parallel polar wind‐like flows. The observed wavelike structure, preceding the arrival of an earthward moving substorm injection front, suggests an outward displacement driven by the inward motion at local times closer to midnight, that is, a “snowplow” effect. The damped in/out flows are consistent with interchange oscillations driven by the arrival at the observed local time by an injection originating at greater radius and local time.
Diagnosis of focal liver lesions with gadoxetic acid‐enhanced MRI: Is a shortened delay time possible by adding diffusion‐weighted imaging?
Authors: Kim Moon Young , Kim Young Kon , Park Hyun Jeong , Park Min Jung , Lee Won Jae , Choi Dongil 
Published: October 2013

PurposeTo determine whether the diagnostic performance of combined gadoxetic acid‐enhanced dynamic phases and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) is comparable to the standard protocol with hepatobiliary phase (HBP) and DWI for detection and characterization of focal liver lesions in chronic liver disease.Materials and MethodsA total of 176 patients with 181 HCCs, 15 cholangiocarcinomas, and 32 benign lesions were included. Three combined gadoxetic acid‐enhanced and DWI sets (dynamic phases [arterial, portal, and 3‐min delay {3‐min set} and dynamic phases with 10‐min HBP [10‐min set] or 20‐min HBP [20‐min set]) were analyzed by two observers to determine the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity in detection of malignancy, and ability for lesion characterization.ResultsThere was a trend, although not statistically significant, toward highest diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity for detecting malignancies in the 20‐min set (mean, 0.945, 96.2), followed by the 10‐min set (0.937, 95.9), and the 3‐min set (0.923, 94.1) (P > 0.05). For lesion characterization, three image sets were equivalent (P > 0.05).ConclusionFor lesion detection and characterization in chronic liver diseases, 3‐min set with DWI showed comparable efficacy to 10‐min or 20‐min set. However, the best diagnostic performance could be achieved by combination of all image sets. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:31–41. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Feasibility and reproducibility of free fatty acid profiling in abdominal adipose tissue with 1H‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 T: Differences between lean and obese individuals
Authors: Schrover Ilse M. , Leiner Tim , Klomp Dennis W.J. , Wijnen Jannie P. , Uiterwaal Cuno S.P.M. , Spiering Wilko , Visseren Frank L.J. 
Published: October 2013

PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of free fatty acid (FFA) measurement for diagnosing adipose tissue dysfunction by 1H‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) in different abdominal adipose tissue depots in healthy obese and lean subjects.Materials and MethodsPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), total unsaturated fatty acids (TUFA), triglycerides (TG), and their ratios were determined in three adipose tissue depots of 12 obese and 13 lean subjects. Subjects underwent two separate examinations to assess reproducibility.ResultsIn lean subjects, 44% of measurements failed due to inclusion of nonadipose tissue in the spectroscopy voxel, as opposed to 23% in obese subjects. Reproducibility of PUFA, TUFA, and TG was moderate to good in obese subjects (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs] 0.18–0.75), and poor to moderate in lean subjects (ICCs −1.04–0.55) in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue. In the perirenal adipose tissue, ICCs were poor in both lean and obese subjects (−0.794–0.013). PUFA/TUFA and PUFA/TG were higher in omental adipose tissue in obese vs. lean subjects (35*10−3 vs. 0.16*10−3, P = 0.01 and 2.05*10−3 vs. 0.01*10−3, P = 0.02, respectively).Conclusion1H‐MRS is a feasible and reproducible method for FFA profiling in abdominal adipose tissue in abdominally obese individuals. 1H‐MRS has potential as diagnostic tool for noninvasive identification of adipose tissue dysfunction. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:423–431. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Close relationship between immunoglobulin secreting‐cells and Epstein–Barr virus reservoir in patients infected with HIV
Authors: Ouedraogo David Eric , Tuaillon Edouard , Rubbo Pierre‐Alain , Bollore Karine , Foulongne Vincent , Reynes Jacques , Vendrell Jean‐Pierre 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIndividuals infected with HIV have higher circulating Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA load compared to healthy carriers. This study investigated whether level of spontaneous immunoglobulin secreting cells, one of the major hallmarks of HIV infection, is associated with an increase of EBV DNA load in PBMCs and the spontaneous EBV lytic cycle ex vivo in patients infected with HIV. Spontaneous virus production by cells infected with EBV and EBV DNA loads in PBMCs from which CD8+ T‐cells were removed were measured in 20 HIV‐aviremic and 14 HIV‐viremic patients. The number of circulating immunoglobulin‐secreting cells (Ig‐SCs) and CD8+ T‐lymphocyte activation were also investigated. Patients with detectable HIV RNA in plasma exhibited higher spontaneous ex vivo EBV secretion and higher levels of EBV DNA in PBMCs than their aviremic counterparts. In the two groups observed, a positive correlation was found between PBMCs EBV DNA viral load and Ig‐SCs, CD38bright expression on CD8+ T‐cells and EBV DNA load in cell culture supernatants. These findings suggest that B‐cell polyclonal activation and B‐cell terminal differentiation into Ig‐SCs may fuel EBV DNA reservoir and promote EBV production ex vivo in patients infected with HIV. J. Med. Virol. 86:30–37, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The relationship between the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and temperature variability in China during the last millennium
Authors: WANG JIANGLIN , YANG BAO , LJUNGQVIST FREDRIK CHARPENTIER , ZHAO YAN 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTUsing a large number of temperature‐sensitive proxy records, we investigated the relationship between the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and temperature variability in China during the last millennium. The results indicate a relatively homogeneous pattern of cold/warm anomalies in East, West and the whole of China (EC, WC and WOC). The six major AMO cold phases coincided with cold conditions over EC, WC and WOC, while warm conditions across China occurred during the two major AMO warm phases. This close similarity between the AMO and multi‐decadal temperature variability in China is supported by climate model simulations and emphasizes the critical role of surface heating over the Asian continent in linking the AMO and the Indian summer monsoon. The mid‐latitude westerly anomalies and the propagation of Rossby waves related to the AMO may be two channels linking sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Atlantic and temperature variability over East Asia. Additionally, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation may play an important role in transmitting the AMO signal over the globe. We recommend further climate model studies on the mechanisms responsible for the connection between the AMO and regional to global climate changes.
Laparoscopic gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer: Are the long‐term results comparable with conventional open gastrectomy? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Choi Yoon Young , Bae Jung Min , An Ji Yeong , Hyung Woo Jin , Noh Sung Hoon 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveLaparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for gastric cancer has been adopted to treat both early and locally advanced gastric cancer (AGC), but there are still concerns about its oncologic safety especially in AGC. The purpose of this meta‐analysis is to compare the long‐term outcomes of LG with those of open gastrectomy (OG) in patients with AGC.MethodsThe quantitative synthesis of outcomes of studies from three major databases, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central, was performed using common keywords related to gastric cancer and laparoscopy on July 31, 2012.ResultsTen studies (one randomized controlled trial and nine retrospective cohort studies) with 1,819 participants (960 patients in OG, and 859 patients in LG) were included in the current meta‐analysis. Nine studies compared the overall survival rate between LG and OG for AGC, and five studies reported the disease‐free survival. There was no statistical difference in overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76–1.06, P = 0.22) and disease‐free survival (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.76–1.40, P = 0.86) between the two modalities.ConclusionsThe current clinical evidence revealed that there was no evidence that LG is inferior to OG even for AGC if the surgeons have sufficient experience. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013; 108:550–556. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gastric outlet obstruction in gastric cancer: A comparison of three palliative methods
Authors: Keränen Ilona , Kylänpää Leena , Udd Marianne , Louhimo Johanna , Lepistö Anna , Halttunen Jorma , Kokkola Arto 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundGastric outlet obstruction (GOO) commonly occurs in advanced gastric cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the results of endoscopic stenting (ES), palliative resection (PR), and gastrojejunostomy (GJ) as palliation of GOO.MethodsA total of 97 patients (50 ES, 26 PR, 21 GJ) were included in this retrospective study. All the patients had primary gastric cancer and symptoms of GOO.ResultsCompared to surgery, ES resulted in a faster improvement on oral intake and symptom relief (P < 0.001) and a shorter hospitalization (P < 0.001). Complication rates, hospital re‐admissions, occurrence of biliary obstruction, and the number of patients receiving chemotherapy were similar. The median symptom‐free and overall survival were longest in the PR group (P < 0.001). In multivariate survival analysis, independent prognostic factors were age, BMI, pre‐procedure GOOSS, palliative resection as treatment modality, and chemotherapy.ConclusionsIn gastric cancer and GOO, the clinical condition of the patient before treatment affects survival and should be taken into account in determining the treatment. PR seems to provide a survival benefit and should be considered as treatment option for patients suitable for surgery. For patients unfit for surgery, ES provides rapid and efficient palliation. Chemotherapy also seems to improve survival in gastric cancer and GOO. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013; 108:537–541. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prognostic value of total tumor volume in advanced‐stage laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yang Chan‐Joo , Kim Dae‐Yoon , Lee Jeong Hyun , Roh Jong‐Lyel , Choi Seung‐Ho , Nam Soon Yuhl , Kim Sang Yoon 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the prognostic value of total tumor volume (TTV) in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas.MethodsThis study involved 182 patients with previously untreated advanced‐stage squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx or hypopharynx. TTV were calculated from pretreatment contrast‐enhanced computed tomography images. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify factors associated with overall (OS), disease‐specific (DSS), and disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsAt a median follow‐up of 63 months (range, 24–139 months), the 5 year OS, DSS, and DFS rates were 60.2%, 73.1%, and 69.4%, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that tumor site was an independent predictor of DSS (P = 0.03); Charlson comorbidity index for OS (P = 0.001); second primary cancer for OS (P = 0.008) and DFS (P = 0.001); and vocal fold paralysis for DSS (P = 0.014) and DFS (P = 0.033). Extension to the tongue base was an independent predictor of OS (P = 0.007), DSS (P < 0.001), and DFS (P = 0.017), and TTV ≥8.38 ml was an independent predictor of all three survivals (P < 0.001 each).ConclusionRadiologically determined TTV is prognostic of survival in patients with advanced‐stage laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma.J. Surg. Oncol. 2013; 108:509–515. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extranodal natural killer/T‐Cell lymphoma: A population‐based comparison of sinonasal and extranasal disease
Authors: Vazquez Alejandro , Khan Mohemmed N. , Blake Danielle M. , Sanghvi Saurin , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: October 2013

Objectives/HypothesisExtranodal natural killer/T‐cell Lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare, aggressive malignancy that preferentially affects the paranasal region. This study analyzes the demographic, clinicopathologic, incidence, and survival characteristics of sinonasal ENKTL (SN‐ENKTL) and extranasal ENKTL (EN‐ENKTL) in a comparative fashion.Study DesignRetrospective analysis.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried; 528 cases were available for frequency and incidence analysis, and 473 for survival analysis. Data were examined according to age, gender, race, histology, the presence of systemic (or B) symptoms, treatment, and Ann Arbor stage.ResultsExtranasal disease was a poor prognostic factor (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30−2.19, P < .05). Patients with EN‐ENKTL were older (mean 53.8 vs. 49.9 years, P < .05), most were male (72.5% vs. 59.8%, P < .05), and they were more likely to present with stage IIIE/IV disease (38.33% vs. 18.26%, P < .05). B symptoms were present in 38.41% of the EN‐ENKTL group (vs. 22.86%, P < .05), and were a poor prognostic factor in this group only (HR = 1.6593, 95% CI = 1.05−2.62, P < .05). Radiation therapy demonstrated a survival advantage among both groups, especially in early stage disease.ConclusionsSN‐ENKTL carries a significantly better prognosis than EN‐ENKTL, which presents at more advanced stages. Radiation therapy was associated with increased survival in both groups, especially in cases of localized disease.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 124:888–895, 2014
Augmented real‐time navigation with critical structure proximity alerts for endoscopic skull base surgery
Authors: Dixon Benjamin J. , Daly Michael J. , Chan Harley , Vescan Allan , Witterick Ian J. , Irish Jonathan C. 
Published: October 2013

Objectives/HypothesisImage‐guided surgery (IGS) systems are frequently utilized during cranial base surgery to aid in orientation and facilitate targeted surgery. We wished to assess the performance of our recently developed localized intraoperative virtual endoscopy (LIVE)‐IGS prototype in a preclinical setting prior to deployment in the operating room. This system combines real‐time ablative instrument tracking, critical structure proximity alerts, three‐dimensional virtual endoscopic views, and intraoperative cone‐beam computed tomographic image updates.Study DesignRandomized‐controlled trial plus qualitative analysis.MethodsSkull base procedures were performed on 14 cadaver specimens by seven fellowship‐trained skull base surgeons. Each subject performed two endoscopic transclival approaches; one with LIVE‐IGS and one using a conventional IGS system in random order. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA‐TLX) scores were documented for each dissection, and a semistructured interview was recorded for qualitative assessment.ResultsThe NASA‐TLX scores for mental demand, effort, and frustration were significantly reduced with the LIVE‐IGS system in comparison to conventional navigation (P < .05). The system interface was judged to be intuitive and most useful when there was a combination of high spatial demand, reduced or absent surface landmarks, and proximity to critical structures. The development of auditory icons for proximity alerts during the trial better informed the surgeon while limiting distraction.ConclusionsThe LIVE‐IGS system provided accurate, intuitive, and dynamic feedback to the operating surgeon. Further refinements to proximity alerts and visualization settings will enhance orientation while limiting distraction. The system is currently being deployed in a prospective clinical trial in skull base surgery. Laryngoscope, 124:853–859, 2014
Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma: Analyzing prognosis with univariate and multivariate models
Authors: Zanoletti Elisabetta , Marioni Gino , Stritoni Paola , Lionello Marco , Giacomelli Luciano , Martini Alessandro , Mazzoni Antonio 
Published: October 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTemporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon malignancy accounting for less than 0.2% of head and neck cancers. Despite advances in its early diagnosis, skull base microsurgery, radiotherapy, and integrated treatments, prognosis in advanced SCCs remains dismal. The present study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological variables potentially influencing outcome in a series of temporal bone SCCs.Study DesignThe prognosis of 41 patients with temporal bone SCC was assessed retrospectively using univariate and multivariate statistical approaches.Patients and MethodsTwenty‐two women and 19 men consecutively operated for primary temporal bone SCC with a curative intent at a tertiary referral center between 1980 and 2008.ResultsOn univariate analysis, cT stage correlated with disease‐free survival in months (DFS) (P = 0.037), and pT stage correlated with recurrence rate (P = 0.038), DFS (P = 0.013), and disease‐specific survival (DSS) (P = 0.025). Lymph node status (cN0 or pN0 vs. pN+) was associated with DFS (P = 0.025). SCC grading correlated significantly with recurrence rate (P = 0.005), DFS (P = 0.004), and DSS (P = 0.0036). Dura mater involvement was significantly associated with a higher recurrence rate (P = 0.001), a shorter DFS (P = 0.00001), and a lower DSS (P = 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, only dura mater involvement (P = 0.001) and N status (P = 0.012) remained independently prognostic of DFS.ConclusionRecurrences occurred despite obtaining block resections according to the tumor's clinical stage and pathologically free margins in all cases. Further analyses are mandatory to investigate hidden microscopic pathways of tumor diffusion, particularly in bone. Multi‐institutional protocols are needed to facilitate comparisons between studies and enable meaningful meta‐analyses.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 124:1192–1198, 2014
PEG and Cholesterol‐Containing Pyromellitates: Synthesis and Self‐Assembly
Authors: Kudina Olena , Tarnavchyk Ihor , Khomenko Olena , Budishevska Olga , Voronov Stanislav , Voronov Andriy 
Published: October 2013

A new synthetic route for two different amphiphilic macromolecular structures containing hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and lipophilic cholesterol fragments is described. The novelty of the synthesis is in combining hydrophilic and lipophilic fragments in a backbone using functional groups of the pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) molecule. The ability of the new oligomers to undergo self‐assembly and solubilization of lipophilic molecules in an aqueous medium is compared. The new oligomers form self‐assemblies capable of solubilizing lipophilic “guest” molecules in an aqueous medium. Their high solubilization capacity and biodegradability, as well as other properties (size distribution, ζ‐potential), make the synthesized macromolecules good candidates for biomedical applications. Using the developed approach, amphiphilic macromolecules with regulated surface activity can be synthesized by combining PEG of varying lengths with different hydrophobic fragments (for example, fatty alcohols) in the backbone.
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Cyclic AMP regulates the migration and invasion potential of human pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Zimmerman Noah P. , Roy Ishan , Hauser Andrew D. , Wilson Jessica M. , Williams Carol L. , Dwinell Michael B. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAggressive dissemination and metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) results in poor prognosis and marked lethality. Rho monomeric G protein levels are increased in pancreatic cancer tissue. As the mechanisms underlying PDAC malignancy are little understood, we investigated the role for cAMP in regulating monomeric G protein regulated invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells. Treatment of PDAC cells with cAMP elevating agents that activate adenylyl cyclases, forskolin, protein kinase A (PKA), 6‐Bnz‐cAMP, or the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor cilostamide significantly decreased migration and Matrigel invasion of PDAC cell lines. Inhibition was dose‐dependent and not significantly different between forskolin or cilostamide treatment. cAMP elevating drugs not only blocked basal migration, but similarly abrogated transforming‐growth factor‐β‐directed PDAC cell migration and invasion. The inhibitory effects of cAMP were prevented by the pharmacological blockade of PKA. Drugs that increase cellular cAMP levels decreased levels of active RhoA or RhoC, with a concomitant increase in phosphorylated RhoA. Diminished Rho signaling was correlated with the appearance of thickened cortical actin bands along the perimeter of non‐motile forskolin or cilostamide‐treated cells. Decreased migration did not reflect alterations in cell growth or programmed cell death. Collectively these data support the notion that increased levels of cAMP specifically hinder PDAC cell motility through F‐actin remodeling. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.