bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge management competencies required among library and information science professionals
Authors: Nazim Mohammad , Mukherjee Bhaskar 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and validate the competencies perceived to be essential for library and information science (LIS) professionals keeping in view the needs of knowledge management (KM) applications in Indian academic libraries.Design/methodology/approachAfter reviewing relevant literature on the topic, a list of 25 competencies was prepared and organized in five categories. A link for attending the survey (list of KM competency statements) for the validation of competencies was sent via electronic mail to the teachers (95 in numbers) of 65 LIS schools where post‐graduate courses in LIS were offered. Respondents were asked to nominate the level of importance for validation of each proposed KM competency.FindingsFindings of the study show a minor difference in the mean scores of five categories of competencies, but all the competencies were validated as needed. However, respondents were of the opinion that development of competencies in the field of management by LIS professionals is the most essential requirement for effective application of KM in Indian academic libraries.Practical implicationsCompetencies validated by the respondents may be used as the groundwork for evaluation of current LIS educational programmes and revision of LIS curricula to impart a wide range of competencies to LIS students for working in KM environment.Originality/valueSince no empirical study on required competencies for KM in India has been carried out before, this study closes this gap and provides guidelines to modify existing LIS curricula or LIS educational programmes to impart skills and competencies as validated by the academic community.
Interdisciplinary relations in some high‐priority fields of science and technology
Authors: Sedighi Mehri 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to investigate the interdisciplinary relations in some high‐priority fields of science and technology based on ISI data.Design/methodology/approachThis is an applied study using scientometric, citation analysis and network analysis methods. The study population consists of scientific articles of Iranian researchers in five fields that have been indexed in “WOS” database. These fields are included nanotechnology, biophysics, nuclear physics, sociology and communication. After identifying and extracting data from “WOS” (included 1,777 records), in order to determine the interdisciplinary relations and the evolution of these relationships, the citations of these records (41,080 citations) have been extracted and analysed.FindingsThe results indicate all the studied scientific fields have self‐citation and other‐citation. Depending on the type of field, the rate of intra‐disciplinary and extra‐disciplinary citations is various. There is a positive correlation between co‐authorship and interdisciplinary approach in all the studied fields. There is no significant relation between the number of citations and interdisciplinary approach. Overall, the results showed the use of only a bibliographic method cannot specify all aspects of interdisciplinarity of the scientific field. Simultaneous use of different analysis methods such as citation analysis, co‐authorship analysis and bibliographic coupling is necessary in order to data exchange between fields.Originality/valueThe analysis and mapping of interdisciplinary relations in a scientific field can provide useful information regarding connectivity and interdependence among areas. Through such studies, the status of cooperation between disciplines and the evolutionary trend of it is well defined. The results of these studies would also be useful in developing the interdisciplinary collaboration among professionals and understanding their information needs and plan to meet these needs.
Leadership in problem‐oriented policing
Authors: Mazerolle Lorraine , Darroch Steve , White Gentry 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the role of leadership in problem‐oriented policing (POP).Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses interrupted time series models to isolate the impact on crime trends of a transformational leader's efforts to spearhead the implementation of a program of POP, called the problem solving model (PSM), in a southern state in Australia.FindingsThis paper finds that the PSM led directly to an impact on overall crime, with a significant reduction in crimes per 100,000 persons per year after the introduction of the PSM. The majority of the overall crime drop attributable to implementation of POP was driven by reductions in property crime. It was noted that the leadership influence of the PSM was not effective in reducing all types of crime. Crimes against the person where not affected by the introduction of the PSM and public nuisance crimes largely followed the forecasted, upward trajectory.Practical implicationsThe driver behind the PSM was Commissioner Hyde and the success of the PSM is largely attributable to his strong commitment to transformational leadership and a top‐down approach to implementation. These qualities encapsulate the original ideas behind POP that Goldstein (1979, 2003), back in 1979, highlighted as critical for the success of future POP programs.Social implicationsReducing crime is an important part of creating safe communities and improving quality of life for all citizens. This research shows that successful implementation of the PSM within South Australia under the strong leadership of Commissioner Hyde was a major factor in reducing property crime and overall crime rates.Originality/valueThis paper is valuable because it demonstrates the link between strong leadership in policing, the commissioner's vision for POP and how his vision then translated into widespread adoption of POP. The study empirically shows that the statewide adoption of POP led to significant reductions in crime, particularly property crime.
Democratic police governance in comparative perspective
Authors: Jones Trevor , van Steden Ronald 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare the specific institutional arrangements for realizing democratically accountable policing in England & Wales and the Netherlands. It assesses each accountability system against a set of “democratic criteria” and considers the implications for democratic policing of the current reform trajectories in both jurisdictions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts a cross‐national approach exploring the relationship between policing and democratic institutions by comparing the democratic credentials of the police governance systems in England & Wales and the Netherlands.FindingsCurrent reforms to the police governance system in England & Wales aim to increase local elected influence over policing. By contrast, the Dutch system deliberately limits the degree of local electoral control over policing. The paper argues that there is a range of elements to democratic policing, and that “democratic accountability” should not be conflated with control of policing by elected bodies. Whilst the trajectories of reform in England & Wales and the Netherlands are going in opposite directions, each raises a number of “democratic” concerns.Research limitation/implicationsThe research is limited to only two developed European parliamentary democracies in the European Union. Further comparative research on democratic policing is required to expand the analysis to a wider variety of democratic contexts.Originality/valueTo date, there has been little attention paid by policy makers or by academics to the form and nature of police governance in continental European countries. By drawing comparisons between England & Wales and the Netherlands, the paper aims to provide a democratic assessment of the two police accountability systems (and their current reform trajectories) and discuss some broad policy implications for police governance in each jurisdiction.Practical implicationsComparative analysis of police accountability in both England and Wales and the Netherlands provides potential for policy learning in each jurisdiction. The analysis suggests that both systems, in different ways, are currently at risk of over‐emphasizing particular democratic criteria (such as electoral participation, or delivery of service) to the exclusion of others (such as concerns with equitable and fair policing and the protection of minority rights).
Copyright in light of ethics
Authors: Aulisio George J. 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThis article aims to explore the relationship between copyright law and how an academic reference librarian could and should ethically comply with copyright when considering the Code of Ethics of the American Library Association and the Library Bill of Rights.Design/methodology/approachThe Code of Ethics and the Library Bill of Rights are examined to determine how they would affect a reference librarian's ability to comply with copyright rules while conducting a reference interview.FindingsAdhering to the Code of Ethics would prevent reference librarians from entering into difficult situations. The Code of Ethics serves as an ethical framework on which librarians can rely to prevent the need to choose between complying with copyright rules and providing a patron with the information s/he is requesting. In addition, the author explains why supplemental instruction or volunteering information on copyright to patrons above that which is required by law should be provided only after careful consideration.Originality/valueAcademic reference librarians have much to gain from a better understanding of the Code of Ethics, the Library Bill of Rights, copyright law, and the relationship between the three doctrines. Reference librarians who read this article will acquire a practical knowledge of how copyright and the Code of Ethics affects their reference duties and librarianship in general.
Navigating circular library stacks: a case study on signage
Authors: Stempler Amy F. 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThe intent of this paper is to outline a case study that addressed signage issues in a circulating book collection at a four‐year college library. A signage redesign project is detailed, with special attention paid to the challenges of a complex and often confusing layout.Design/methodology/approachA consistent and comprehensive stack signage system involving the implementation of a color‐coded scheme, along with a variety of new informational and wayfinding signs, was designed. The project also supported the creation of a corresponding digital map linked to library catalog.FindingsThe redesigned stack signage system contributed to a dramatic increase in the number of books checked out from the circulating collection. A pattern of positive responses observed during reference services and library instruction sessions also supports the favorable outcome of the project.Research limitations/implicationsThe study would benefit from a survey or related data that could quantify the impact of the redesign on patron wayfinding in the circulating stacks.Practical implicationsThe unique circular nature of the library discussed presented additional obstacles; however, the measures taken are applicable to libraries of various configurations. The detailed signage strategy could also serve as a framework to develop best practice guidelines for stack signage.Originality/valueWhile there is significant literature on library signage, stack signage specific to directing patrons towards locating books on the shelves has not been widely addressed.
Information literacy competency of post graduate students at Haryana Agricultural University and impact of instruction initiatives
Authors: Singh Devendra , Joshi Manoj K. 
Published: September 2013

PurposeSince the education of Master of Science students in the discipline of agriculture is catalectic without libraries, the present paper seeks to assess the information literacy competency (ILC) of post graduate (PG) students at Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India, along with the impact of instruction initiatives in this respect.Design/methodology/approachBased on the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) Information Literacy Standards for Science and Engineering/Technology, 2006, an instrument was developed with 79 scoring items in the first part of the questionnaire along with non‐scoring items in the second part. Broad headings of the questions asked are shown in detail. Validity and reliability of the instrument are also reported.FindingsInformation literacy competency of PG students has been found satisfactory along with significant difference between the first and second year students. Results of the paper distinguish between the first and second year students in the light of five information literacy (IL) standards along with other considerations. Various instruction initiatives were found to have a positive impact upon the ILC of PG students.Practical implicationsSince the study has been able to establish a positive relationship between instruction initiatives and ILC, such initiatives may be introduced in other academic institutions.Originality/valueNone of the earlier reported research instruments had used science and engineering/technology IL standards, especially upon PG students in agriculture. This study further paved the way for the development of such an nstrument along with assessing the ILC of PG students and impact of instruction initiatives in an agricultural university.
Student perceptions of academic and social effects of working in a university library
Authors: Jacobson Heather A. , Shuyler Kristen S. 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThis study aims to explore the positive and negative effects of working in an academic library, as reported by college students.Design/methodology/approachThrough surveys and interviews, student workers shared their perceptions of how employment in a university library affects their academics, social life, engagement with campus life, professional skill development, and emotional/psychological states.FindingsResults indicate that the library job is seen as a generally positive part of the students' college experience, particularly in the areas of skill development and academic performance. However, neutral, mixed, and negative effects exist as well.Research limitations/implicationsFindings may not be generalizable due to the limited number of participants and their employment in a single department. Future research could include students in other departments, libraries, or universities. This study employed a single survey and interview, capturing a snapshot of student perceptions. A more longitudinal approach could examine how the attitudes and perceptions of working students change over time as a result of their employment.Practical implicationsThis study presents suggestions for how librarians, faculty, staff, and administrators can promote working students' academic success and professional development.Originality/valueThis paper contributes a new perspective to the current literature on the academic and social effects of library employment. By gathering student perceptions via surveys and interviews, this research provides one of the first analyses of the experiences of library student workers as shared in their own voices.
Using secret shopping to assess student assistant training
Authors: Hammill Sarah J. , Fojo Eduardo 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to describe the results of three rounds of secret shopping conducted at the Hubert Library of Florida International University, and how the results affected and were affected by changes made to circulation desk student training programs.Design/methodology/approachVolunteers from the campus community asked circulation desk work‐study students preformulated questions, in person or by phone, and recorded both the answers and service quality perceptions for analysis.FindingsAnalysis of the results revealed that the program did what it was designed to do: highlight customer service strengths and weaknesses. A majority of shoppers reported favourable experiences, but identified problematic areas and situations to be addressed in student worker training.Research limitations/implicationsSome of the most valuable data came from secret shoppers' comments, which made clear the need to revisit some of the questions. In some instances shoppers' desires to highlight the positive and deemphasize the negative indicated apparent bias.Originality/valueThis study shows how a secret shopping program can guide and fine‐tune a library student training program as opposed to a librarian or library staff training program.
The influence of airline service quality on passenger satisfaction and loyalty
Authors: Namukasa Juliet 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– The general objective of this study was to examine the influence of airline service quality on passenger satisfaction and loyalty. To achieve this, the research was guided by four specific objectives to which data collection was effected mainly by interview method using fully structured questionnaires.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study used random sampling technique and it covered 303 respondents on international flights using Entebbe International Airport. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences 16, were χ2 was used to test the hypothesis and regression analysis was performed to examine the relationships between variables.

Findings
– Findings indicated that the quality of pre-flight, in-flight and post-flight services had a statistically significant effect on passenger satisfaction. In addition to that, passenger satisfaction as a mediating variable also had a significant effect on passenger loyalty. It was noted that passenger satisfaction differed from person to person as some were more interested in off board facilities, others onboard, others in the quality of food while others wanted more extra luggage.

Originality/value
– It was recommended that airline management should consider developing various strategies for improving service quality based on demographic characteristics of the customers such as occupation, age, gender and education level.
An experiment to test key hypotheses of the drivers of reptile distribution in subalpine ski resorts
Authors: Sato Chloe F. , Wood Jeff T. , Schroder Mellesa , Green Ken , Osborne William S. , Michael Damian R. , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: September 2013

SummaryAlpine and subalpine ecosystems support many endemic species. These ecosystems are increasingly under threat from human‐induced disturbances such as habitat loss and fragmentation as a consequence of ski resort development and expansion. However, limited peer‐reviewed research has investigated the impacts of ski‐related disturbances on wildlife, particularly on reptiles.To address this knowledge gap, we conducted reptile surveys to determine the patterns of reptile distribution and abundance in Australian ski resorts. Then, using a factorial experimental design, we investigated 1) the influence of temperature and predation in driving observed distributions and 2) how a common ski resort management practice – mowing of modified ski slopes – affected thermal regimes and rates of predation of reptiles on ski runs.We found that the removal of vegetation structural complexity through mowing resulted in significantly higher rates of predation on plasticine models, as well as significantly altered thermal regimes.Crucially, mown ski runs had higher maximum ground temperatures that frequently exceeded the recorded critical maximum body temperatures of the target species of lizards. Thus, mowing has the potential to render these areas unsuitable for thermoregulatory purposes for a large proportion of the potential activity period of reptiles.Together, modifications of the thermal environment and elevated rates of predation appear to explain the avoidance of ski runs by reptiles. To facilitate the persistence of reptiles in disturbed subalpine environments, management plans must focus on implementing strategies that reduce the impact of human activities that alter temperature regimes and predation rates on lizards.Synthesis and Applications. We suggest that the retention of structural complexity on ski runs (e.g. through the cessation of mowing during peak reptile activity periods) and/or revegetation with native plant communities will concurrently provide refuge from predators and buffer against extreme temperatures, making ski runs more hospitable to reptiles. Based on our findings, we emphasize that effective management strategies targeting subalpine biodiversity conservation require an understanding of the drivers that determine species distributions in these landscapes.
The Effect of Fat Replacers on Batter and Cake Properties
Authors: Psimouli Vassiliki , Oreopoulou Vassiliki 
Published: September 2013

AbstractFat was replaced at 35% to 100% in cakes by maltodextrin (dextrose equivalent = 3), inulin (high performance and granulated), oligofructose, citrus pectin, and microparticulated protein. Fat replacement by 35% did not induce significant differences in general. Above 65% fat replacement resulted in statistically significant (P < 0.05) decreased viscosity (except for pectin) that was followed by statistically significant decrease in air incorporation and broader bubble size distribution. The starch gelatinization temperature showed a statistically significant increase when fat was replaced by fructose oligosaccharides. The cakes presented statistically significant increase of hardness, elasticity, and decrease of volume development as fat replacement increased above 65%. Also cakes with increased fat replacement received lower scores on taste and flavor, whereas at total fat replacement they were evaluated as not acceptable. Nevertheless, at 65% fat replacement, the samples presented acceptable textural, physical, and sensorial attributes.
Adsorptive Removal of Patulin from Apple Juice Using Ca‐Alginate‐Activated Carbon Beads
Authors: Yue Tianli , Guo Caixia , Yuan Yahong , Wang Zhouli , Luo Ying , Wang Ling 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the adsorption of patulin from apple juice by Ca‐alginate‐activated carbon (Ca‐alginate‐AC) beads. The capacity of patulin was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that Ca‐alginate‐AC beads have significant ability to reduce patulin from contaminated apple juice. Furthermore, the adsorption process did not affect the quality of apple juice. The effects of contact time, initial patulin concentration, adsorbent dose, and temperature were assessed. The removal percentage of patulin increased with contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature. A reduction was also noted to bind patulin at increased levels of contamination. The equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models and the isotherm constants were calculated at different temperatures. The adsorption equilibrium was best described by the Freundlich isotherm (R2 > 0.990). The pseudo 1st‐order model was found to describe the kinetic data satisfactorily. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG◦◦), standard enthalpy (ΔH◦), and standard entropy (ΔS◦) were evaluated. The results showed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic nature.