bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges in sodium intake reduction and meal consumption patterns among participants with metabolic syndrome in a dietary trial
Authors: Wang Jinsong , Olendzki Barbara C , Wedick Nicole M , Persuitte Gioia M , Culver Annie L , Li Wenjun , Merriam Philip A , Carmody James , Fang Hua , Zhang Zhiying , Olendzki Gin-Fei , Zheng Liang , Ma Yunsheng 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundDietary guidelines suggest limiting daily sodium intake to <2,300 mg for the general population, and <1,500 mg/d for those with certain cardiovascular risk factors. Despite these recommendations, few Americans are able to achieve this goal. Identifying challenges in meeting these guidelines is integral for successful compliance. This analysis examined patterns and amount of daily sodium intake among participants with metabolic syndrome enrolled in a one-year dietary intervention study.MethodsTwo hundred forty participants with metabolic syndrome enrolled in a dietary intervention trial to lose weight and improve dietary quality. Three 24-hour dietary recalls were collected at each visit which provided meal patterns and nutrient data, including sodium intake. A secondary data analysis was conducted to examine sodium consumption patterns at baseline and at one-year study visits. Sodium consumption patterns over time were examined using linear mixed models.ResultsThe percentage of meals reported eaten in the home at both baseline and one-year follow-up was approximately 69%. Follow-up for the one-year dietary intervention revealed that the participants who consumed sodium greater than 2,300 mg/d declined from 75% (at baseline) to 59%, and those that consumed higher than 1,500 mg/d declined from 96% (at baseline) to 85%. Average sodium intake decreased from 2,994 mg at baseline to 2,558 mg at one-year (P < 0.001), and the sodium potassium ratio also decreased from 1.211 to 1.047 (P < 0.001). Sodium intake per meal varied significantly by meal type, location, and weekday, with higher intake at dinner, in restaurants, and on weekends. At-home lunch and dinner sodium intake decreased (P < 0.05), while dinner sodium intake at restaurant/fast food chains increased from baseline to one-year (P < 0.05).ConclusionSodium intake for the majority of participants exceeded the recommended dietary guidelines. Findings support actions that encourage low-sodium food preparation at home and encourage public health policies that decrease sodium in restaurants and prepared foods.
LEGAL INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE NEW EU MEMBERS
Authors: Кресина Ирина , Kresina Irina 
Published: December 2013

The models of legal institutionalization of political parties
in the new EU members (Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia,
and Estonia) are considered. The special attention is given to
the registration procedure, reasons to ban, financing and control
over political parties activities.
RELIGIOUS TRADITION IN LAW: UNDERSTANDING IN THE ASPECT OF COMPARATIVE LAW RESEARCHING
Authors: Вовк Дмитрий , Vovk Dmitriy 
Published: December 2013

The article is devoted to religious tradition in law as a
category that shows religious influence on legal system (groups of
legal systems). Author defines and characterizes some features of all
these traditions: the moment of the religious tradition nascence,
specific sources of the tradition development, the scope of the tradition
spreading, the expansive nature of the tradition and ways of its
expansion.
Beyond conflation patterns: The encoding of motion events in Kiezdeutsch
Authors: Goschler Juliana , Woerfel Till , Stefanowitsch Anatol , Wiese Heike , Schroeder Christoph 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn the domain of motion event encoding, many of the world’s languages fall into one of two types: verb-framed (the path is encoded in the verb) or satellite-framed (the path is encoded outside the verb in a prefix, particle or adverbial while the verb contains information about the manner of movement). A number of studies have investigated the language usage of bilingual speakers or language learners to find evidence of a transfer of the typological pattern of the dominant/native language to the non-dominant/foreign language. These studies have largely failed to show evidence of a straightforward transfer, although more subtle effects on usage have occasionally been observed. In this paper, we report the results of a corpus study comparing two groups of speakers of the urban German ethnolect “Kiezdeutsch”: one with a monolingual German background and one with a bilingual Turkish-German background. We find no significant differences in their preference for path or manner verbs, which is consistent with other studies. However, in comparison with the monolingual German group, the Turkish-German group prefer semantically light motion verbs and they avoid the combination of manner verbs with path satellites. This is consistent with the fact that the analogous construction is ungrammatical in verb-framed languages like Turkish. In other words, we find variation within “Kiezdeutsch” that can be explained by a transfer of usage preferences from the background language.
Aphrodisiac effect of aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides in sexually impaired rats
Authors: Ajiboye Taofeek O. , Nurudeen Quadri O. , Yakubu Musa T. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background: The phytochemical constituents of the aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides Planch. Ex Bth. and its aphrodisiac activity on male rat sexual behavior and reproductive hormones in paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction were evaluated.

Methods: The extract was screened for the presence of phytochemicals. The extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight) and the reference herbal drug PowmaxM (7.14 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally to paroxetine-induced sexually impaired male rats, once daily for 5 days, and their sexual behavior parameters were monitored and computed. The serum hormones (testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone) were determined at the end of treatment period.

Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, phenolics, saponins, and tannins. Mount frequency (MF), intromission frequency (IF), ejaculatory frequency (EF), and testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone concentrations were reduced significantly (p<0.05) in paroxetine-treated rats. Administration of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight of the aqueous root extract of L. cupanioides significantly (p<0.05) reversed the paroxetine-mediated alterations in MF, IF, EF, mount latency (ML), intromission latency (IL), ejaculatory latency (EL), postejaculatory interval (PEI), and testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone concentrations dose-dependently. The reversal of the male sexual behavior parameters by the extract compared well (p<0.05) with the PowmaxM-treated animals.

Conclusions: Data obtained from this study revealed that the aqueous root extract of L. cupanioides restored sexual competence in sexually impaired rats possibly by increasing sexual drive through enhanced reproductive hormones concentration, particularly testosterone, thus supporting the folkloric claim of the plant for the management of sexual disorder in males.
Effect of Ce2O3 on microstructures and oxidation resistance of laser melting deposited composites on a Ti alloy
Authors: Li Peng 
Published: December 2013

AbstractTo our knowledge, here is the first time that Stellite SF12-Si3N4-B4C-Ce2O3 powders are deposited on a TA1 titanium alloy as the composites by a laser melted deposition (LMD) technique. It is noted that compared with a TA1 alloy substrate, an improvement of cyclic oxidation resistance is obtained for such LMD composites. Scanning electron microscopy results indicate that many nanocrystalline/amorphous phases are produced, which improve the oxidation resistance of such composites. Such composites exhibit better oxidation resistance than the composites without Ce2O3 due to the formation of denser and finer-grain scale. The effect of Ce2O3 on the formation mechanism and oxidation behavior of such composites is discussed in detail.
Studies on the transport of actinides and lanthanides through DHDECMPO
based supported liquid membranes (SLM)
Authors: Dudwadkar N. L. , Tripathi S. C. , Gandhi P. M. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This paper describes our studies on the partitioning of actinides from high level liquid waste of PUREX origin employing
a supported liquid membrane technique. The process uses a solution of DHDECMPO in n-dodecane as a carrier with poly tetra
fluoro ethylene support and a mixture of citric acid, formic acid and hydrazine hydrate as a receiving phase. Transport studies
are carried out for 241Am under different experimental conditions to optimize the transport parameters such as feed
acidity, carrier concentration and effect of uranium, Nd(III) and salt concentration in the feed. Studies indicated good
transport of neptunium, americium and plutonium across the membrane from a nitric acid medium. Under the optimized conditions
the transport of 241Am has been studied for uranium depleted synthetic PHWR-HLW and finally the technique is used
for the partitioning of alpha emitters from an actual HLW after reprocessing. A high concentration of uranium in the feed is
found to retard the transport of americium, suggesting the need of prior removal of uranium from the waste. Separation of
actinides from uranium-lean simulated as well as actual HLW has been found to be feasible using the above described technique.
PC-88A – impregnated polymeric beads: Preparation, characterization and
application for extraction of Pu(IV) from nitric acid medium
Authors: Pathak S. K. , Tripathi S. C. , Singh K. K. , Mahtele A. K. , Dwivedi Charu , Juby K. A. , Kumar Manmohan , Gandhi P. M. , Bajaj P. N. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The extractant-impregnated polymeric beads (EIPBs), containing polyethersulfone as base polymer and 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic
acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (PC-88A) as an extractant, were prepared by phase inversion method. These EIPBs were characterized
by FTIR, TGA and SEM techniques. The beads were found to have excellent acid stability, since these did not exhibit any
structural deformation or loss of the extractant into aqueous nitric acid solution (6 M), for a period of
15 d. The feasibility of Pu(IV) extraction, using these beads, from nitric acid solution was tested by batch
equilibration method. Parametric dependence of Pu(IV) extraction on experimental variables, like strength of nitric acid,
equilibration time, Pu(IV) concentration, etc., was investigated. The present study also addressed the important
practical issues, like maximum loading capacity and the reusability of these beads. Under optimized conditions, equilibrium
capacity and maximum loading capacity for Pu(IV) were found to be 2.03 and 7.50 mg per gram of the swollen beads,
respectively. The reusability of the beads was also ascertained by repetitive extraction-stripping of Pu(IV) up to 7 cycles of
operation, without significant change in their extraction performance. The extraction of Pu(IV) by the blank polymeric beads
was observed to be almost negligible, under the similar experimental conditions.
Precise age determination of a single plutonium particle using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer
Authors: Miyamoto Y. , Esaka F. , Suzuki D. , Magara M. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Age-dating of single plutonium oxide particles ∼ 1 µm in diameter was demonstrated using eight particles. For this
demonstration, the particles were prepared from a standard reference material SRM-947 that had been stored for 3.9 years since the last
Pu purification. The Pu particles were separately dissolved, and Am and Pu were chemically separated from the solution via
anion-exchange chromatography. The isotope ratios of Am and Pu in the eluted fractions were measured using a high-resolution
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HR-ICP-MS). The precision and accuracy of the Pu age were improved through the addition
of an 243Am spike to the sample solutions and by the trace chemical separation of Pu and Am. The determined age in this
work was in good agreement with the expected age with high accuracy (deviation: 7.1–105 days) and precision (uncertainty:
0.16–0.5 years (k = 1)). These results indicate that a combination of ICP-MS and chemical separation after spiking with
243Am provides an effective tool for the analysis of environmental samples collected during nuclear safeguard inspections.
New alkyl-pyridinedicarboxyamides as extractants for separationof trivalent minor actinides from fission products by extraction
chromatography
Authors: Arisaka M. , Watanabe M. , Kimura T. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Four new alkyl-pyridinedicarboxyamides (R-PDA; R = butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl) were synthesized and used as extractants for
partitioning minor actinides from high level radioactive waste using extraction chromatography. The R-PDAs were successfully
impregnated into XAD resins (Amberlite). The prepared adsorbents, R-PDA/XAD, exhibited moderate adsorptions of both Am(III)
and Eu(III), and separation between Am(III) and Eu(III), over a high HNO3 concentration range
(3–5 M). Deterioration of the prepared adsorbent as a result of contact with HNO3 solution was prevented by
using R-PDAs containing longer alkyl groups. The equilibrium data for Eu(III) were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich
isotherm models. The adsorption of Eu(III) ions onto the R-PDA/XAD was fitted better to the Langmuir isotherm than to the
Freundlich isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity was determined to be 24.2 mg Eu/g (R-PDA/XAD).
Effect of plasma on modal dispersion characteristics of elliptical Bragg waveguide
Authors: Prajapati Y. , Saini J. , Chauhan D. , Singh V. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the dispersion characteristics of a plasma filled elliptical Bragg waveguide is investigated. The modal characteristic equations of the proposed Bragg waveguide for both ω > ωp and ω < ωp are derived. The effects of plasma frequency, numbers of cladding layers and the eccentricity of elliptical Bragg waveguide on the dispersion characteristics are studied. The analysis shows that the introduction of plasma in the proposed waveguide allows to control the propagation of modes.
Effect of Aerated Drinks on Force Decay Properties of Elastomeric Chains: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Kumar Reena R , Gahlot Mayank , Kaur Nameeta , Miglani Anil 
Published: December 2013

Objective: To evaluate the effect of three commercially available aerated drinks on percentage of force decay of elastomeric chains used for orthodontic space closure.
Materials & Method: Commercially available closed grey and clear elastomeric chains from two manufacturers were used in the study. The test solutions were distilled water (control), popular lemon based aerated drink, an orange based aerated drink and an aerated cola drink. Four acrylic resin jigs were constructed to provide a framework to simulate the distance between the permanent canine and first molar. The elastomeric chains were stretched and engaged between the two attachments. Jig I, II and III were immersed in the cola, orange and aerated lemon drink respectively for a period of two hours daily. Jig IV (control) was immersed in distilled water. Force levels were evaluated at the time intervals of 0 hours, 2 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days with a mechanical force gauge.
Result: Force decay was statistically significant at T1 i.e. 2 hrs post immersion for all drinks compared. This decay was the highest for the elastomeric chains immersed in orange based drink followed by cola, lemon and the control. There was no significant difference between the two tested elastomeric chains.
Conclusion: History recording should take cognizance of consumption of aerated drinks and their effect on orthodontic space closure.
One Year After Mild Injury: Comparison of Health Status and Quality of Life Between Patients with Whiplash Versus Other Injuries
Authors: Hours Martine , Khati Inès , Charnay Pierrette , Chossegros Laetitia , Tardy Hélène , Tournier Charlène , Perrine Anne-Laure , Luauté Jacques , Laumon Bernard 
Published: December 2013

Objective.To compare health status, effect on family, occupational consequences, and quality of life (QOL) 1 year after an accident between patients with whiplash versus other mild injuries, and to explore the relationship between initial injury (whiplash vs other) and QOL.Methods.This was a prospective cohort study. The study used data from the ESPARR cohort (a representative cohort of road accident victims) and included 173 individuals with “pure” whiplash and 207 with other mild injuries. QOL at 1-year followup was assessed on the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire. Correlations between explanatory variables and QOL were explored by Poisson regression to provide adjusted relative risks, with ANOVA for the various QOL scores explored.Results.One year post-accident, more patients who had whiplash than other casualties complained of nonrecovery of health status (56% vs 43%) and of the occupational effect of pain (31% vs 23%). QOL and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were similar in the 2 groups. Impaired QOL did not correlate with whiplash when models were adjusted on sociodemographic variables and history of psychological distress. Whatever the initial lesion, PTSD was a determining factor for poorer QOL.Conclusion.Sociodemographic factors, preaccident psychological history prior to the accident, and PTSD were the main factors influencing QOL, rather than whether the injury was whiplash. PTSD may also be related to pain.
Identificación y análisis de los líderes de opinión en Twitter en torno a Hugo Chávez
Authors: Deltell Luis , Congosto Mari Luz , Claes Florencia , Osteso José Miguel 
Published: December 2013

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación interdisciplinar realizada por varias universidades y departamentos de materias y campos de estudio diversos. Objetivos. Los objetivos son descubrir a los líderes de opinión en torno a la figura de Hugo Chávez creados en Twitter durante el período de la muestra, analizar el comportamiento de los usuarios de este espacio de microblogging y demostrar si en la actualidad se desarrolla una ciberdemocracia plena o la autocomunicación de masas. Metodología. En ella se han monitorizado todos los tuits que incluían los identificadores Chávez, Chavez, @chávez y @chavez en Twitter; se ha analizado el flujo de tuits diariamente desde el 5 de enero hasta el 13 de abril de 2013 (UTC/GMT - 4) y se ha conformado el mayor corpus de estos mensajes en lengua española sobre un tema político latinoamericano presentados en estudios científicos, con un total de 16.943.709 tuits y de 8.450.049 usuarios. Conclusión. Este estudio plantea que aún no existe una autocomunicación de masas plena.
Early response of the northeast subarctic Pacific plankton assemblage to volcanic ash fertilization
Authors: Mélançon Josiane , Levasseur Maurice , Lizotte Martine , Delmelle Pierre , Cullen Jay , Hamme Roberta C. , Peña Angelica , Simpson Kyle G. , Scarratt Michael , Tremblay Jean-Éric , Zhou Jie , Johnson Keith , Sutherland Nes , Arychuk Michael , Nemcek Nina , Robert Marie 
Published: December 2013

Fe‐poor water collected at Sta. P20 in the Gulf of Alaska in June 2011 was enriched with different concentrations of volcanic ash (0.12, 1.2, and 10 mg L‒1) from two subduction zone volcanoes, Kasatochi and Chaiten, and incubated onboard under in situ conditions for 6 d. The experimental setup also included a control (no addition) and a positive control (addition of 0.6 nmol L‒1 FeSO4). Following a 4 d lag period, there were increases in carbon fixation rates (up to a factor of 10) and chlorophyll a concentrations (up to a factor of 3) in the positive control and in the ash‐enriched (1.2 and 10 mg L‒1) treatments. Diatoms dominated at the end of the incubations, but cyanobacteria, dinoflagellates, pelagophytes, and haptophytes were also stimulated by the presence of ash. Deposition of ∼ 1 mg ash L‒1, which is in the lower range of those estimated to have caused the August 2008 bloom following the eruption of the Kasatochi volcano in the Aleutian Islands, would suffice to trigger a bloom in the Gulf of Alaska.
Evaluation of Monitoring for Metabolic Effects in Children Treated With Second Generation Antipsychotics in a Pediatric Clinic
Authors: Honey Brooke L. , Ramos Lourdes , Brahm Nancy C. 
Published: December 2013

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this retrospective study was to identify the frequency of recommended metabolic monitoring and follow-up in pediatric patients on second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) medications from a pediatric clinic.

METHODS
A retrospective review of electronic medical records of all patients on antipsychotics from an academic medical center pediatric clinic was conducted. Inclusion criteria required patients to be established members of the pediatric clinic, &lt; 19 years of age, and on ≥ 1 SGA for at least 1 year, regardless of medical diagnosis. Data collection consisted of patient demographic information and frequency of family history, vital signs, and recommended laboratory monitoring.

RESULTS
A total of 67 patients on antipsychotics were identified. After the application of inclusion criteria, 32 patients qualified for review. The average age was 13.5 ± 4 years and gender distribution included 72% males. Only 4 (13%) patients had documented baseline monitoring that included weight, blood pressure, and fasting lipid panel. No patient had a fasting plasma glucose recorded at any point during antipsychotic therapy. Follow-up monitoring decreased over time, with the exception of quarterly weight and annual blood pressure.

CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study highlight the lack of baseline and periodic monitoring that occur when pediatric patients are prescribed antipsychotic medications, putting the patient at risk for adverse events. The marked increase in antipsychotic prescribing and concerns related to their safety emphasize the need for improvement in monitoring of antipsychotic medications. This gap in patient care and safety opens an excellent opportunity for a clinical pharmacy team to provide education and assistance with SGA monitoring for the purpose of providing optimal patient care.