bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivation and success factors in radiological research in Germany – results of a survey by the Methodology and Research Working Group of the German Radiological Society
Authors: Wegner Franz , Heinrichs Helen , Stahlmann Katharina , Molwitz Isabel , Keller-Yamamura Sarah , Kloeckner Roman , Barkhausen Jörg , Bäuerle Tobias , Cyran Clemens C , Dietzel Matthias , Eisenblätter Michel , Hilger Ingrid , Jung Caroline , Schick Fritz , Kiessling Fabian , Bannas Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInvestigation of motivation and identification of success factors in radiology research in Germany.Using a German online survey (54 questions, period: 3.5 months), demographic aspects, intrinsic and extrinsic success characteristics, as well as personal and organizational success factors were surveyed based on a career success model. The survey results were reported descriptively. The correlations between success factors and success characteristics were examined using linear, binary-logistic, and multinomial regression models.176 people (164 academically active, 10 not academically active) answered the survey. Most participants (80%, 139/174) worked at a university hospital. 32% had privatdozent or professor as their highest academic title (56/173). The researchers' main motivation was intrinsic interest in research (55%, 89/163), followed by a desire to increase their own career opportunities (25%, 41/163). The following were identified as factors for intrinsic success: i) support from department management (estimate=β=0.26, p<0.001), ii) good work-life balance (β=0.37, p<0.001), and iii) the willingness to pursue science even after reaching the career goal (β=0.16, p<0.016). Relevant factors for extrinsic scientific success were mentoring, protected research time, and activities in professional societies.Researchers in German radiology are mainly intrinsically motivated. Factors known from the literature that determine intrinsic and extrinsic scientific success were confirmed in this study. Knowledge of these factors allows targeted systematic support and could thus increase scientific success in German radiology.
Efficacy of Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy in Nasopharyngeal
Carcinoma Patients with Radiation-Induced Subclinical
Hypothyroidism
Authors: Lian Chen-Lu , Chen Gui-Ping , Zhou Rui , Yu Yi-Feng , Zhou Ping , Lin Qin , Wu San-Gang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aims Hypothyroidism is a common side effect of radiotherapy for
nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, the impact of thyroid hormone replacement
therapy on patients with radiation-induced subclinical hypothyroidism has not
been extensively explored. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of thyroid
hormone replacement therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with
subclinical hypothyroidism.
Methods Patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who developed
subclinical hypothyroidism after definitive radiotherapy between September 2019
and December 2020 were selected for inclusion in this study. Prior to thyroid
hormone replacement therapy and after maintaining euthyroidism for 6–12 months
through thyroid hormone replacement therapy, assessments using the SF36 Brief
Health Status Scale and the Hypothyroidism-related Symptom Questionnaire were
conducted via trained questionnaires. Lipid profiles were assessed at baseline
and after 6–12 months of thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Statistical
analyses were performed using matched samples T-test or Mann-Whitney U test.
Results The median follow-up period was 14.5 months. The median score of
hypothyroid symptoms was 5.5 out of 19 points, with the most common symptoms
being chills (65.0%), fatigue (50.0%), weight gain (45.0%), and limb numbness
(40.0%). Thyroid hormone replacement therapy did not significantly improve the
quality of life, hypothyroidism-related symptoms, or blood lipid profile in
patients. However, there was an observed downward trend in serum cholesterol
levels following treatment (P=0.052).
Conclusion Thyroid hormone replacement therapy did not have a significant
impact on alleviating hypothyroid symptoms, improving quality of life, or
enhancing lipid profiles in patients with radiation-induced subclinical
hypothyroidism. Nevertheless, a potential decrease in serum cholesterol levels
was noted after thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
High- and Low-carb Diet and Fasting State Modify Alternative Maximal
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit
Authors: Firmino Matheus Simionato , Norberto Matheus S. , Putti Germano Marcolino , de Oliveira Carolina Lemos , da Silva Rumayor Bianka , Torini João Victor Gatto , Papoti Marcelo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis investigation aimed to assess whether the alternative method of estimating
the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAODalt) can detect changes
in energy system contribution in different substrate availabilities. Following a
graded exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake intensity
(iVO2max), 26 recreational runners performed a time to exhaustion
effort (TTE) as baseline at 110% iVO2max. The same TTE was performed
in fasting state, then, a muscle glycogen depletion protocol was executed.
Subsequently, participants received a low-carbohydrate diet and beverages
containing high (H-CHO, 10.8±2.1 g·kg− 1), moderate (M-CHO,
5.6±1.1 g·kg− 1), or zero (Z-CHO, 0.24±0.05 g·kg− 1)
carbohydrates. Another TTE was performed 24 h later. Each energy system
contribution was assessed. Generalized linear mixed models were used for
statistical analysis (p<0.05). H-CHO increased relative anaerobic capacity
(slope effect [baseline –intervention]x[H-CHO – M-CHO]) due to the relative
lactic contribution maintenance (slope effect [baseline – intervention]x[H-CHO –
Z-CHO] or [H-CHO – M-CHO]) and increase in relative alactic contribution
(6.3±3.5 kJ·min− 1). The aerobic contribution was lower
(− 8.7±4.0 kJ·min− 1), decreasing performance (− 34±16 s) for
H-CHO. M-CHO and Z-CHO maintained anaerobic capacity due to increase in alactic
contribution (slope effect [fasting – intervention]x[M-CHO – H-CHO]; and Z-CHO
was 7.3±3.4 kJ·min− 1 higher than baseline). Fasting increased
relative alactic (2.9±1.7 kJ·min− 1) but decreased aerobic
contribution (− 3.3±2.3 kJ·min− 1), impairing performance
(− 17±12 s). In conclusion, MAODalt can detect changes in energy
system supply in different nutritional states. Therefore, participantʼs
nutritional state must be considered prior to conducting the test.
A Formal [3+3] Annulation of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Ketones to Construct Pyrimidobenzothiazoles
Authors: Easwar Srinivasan , Kumari Rajkiran , Kumawat Suman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA calcium triflate-promoted reaction of Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) ketones, derived by the oxidation of MBH adducts, with 2-aminobenzothiazoles resulted in the formation of 4H-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazoles. Formally, the transformation represents a [3+3] annulation and presumably proceeds via an aza-Michael addition followed by an intramolecular condensation. The reaction is completely regioselective and tolerates a wide range of substrates to afford a variety of analogues of the fused heterocycle in good yields.
Hypervalent Iodine Mediated Ring-Opening 1,3-Difluorination of Benzylidenecyclopropanes
Authors: Huang Long-Ling , Li Jia-Yi , Sun Qigang , Li Qingjiang , Zhao Gui-Yang , Wang Honggen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract1,3-Difluorinated compounds are characterized by their unique conformation, influenced by 1,3-dipolar minimization effects. However, their synthetic methods are relatively limited. Here, a ring-opening 1,3-difluorination of benzylidenecyclopropanes (BCPs) using HF·Py, mediated by an electron-poor hypervalent iodine reagent, which is generated in situ by the oxidation of o-nitroiodobenzene with mCPBA is described. The protocol features mild reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, and moderate to good yields. Additionally, the synthetic utility of this method is showcased by further transformations of the olefin group and allylic fluoride motif.
Intraplexal Aneurysm of the Distal Segment of the Anterior Choroidal Artery: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Abouelleil Mohamed , Nabulsi Omar , Hamidi Sabah , Aljiboori Karrar , Mazaris Paul , Singer Justin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAneurysms of the anterior choroidal artery (AChA) are the most common pathology of the vessel. Although proximal aneurysms at the internal carotid artery (ICA) and AChA junction are common, their occurrence in the distal segment of the AChA is quite rare. We report a case of a distal AChA aneurysm occurring in the intraplexal segment of the AChA. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an intraplexal distal AChA aneurysm.
Die Auswirkung von Leistungskonzentration auf die Ergebnisqualität in
Geburtshilfeabteilungen – Eine empirische Analyse der Sterblichkeit von
Neugeborenen in deutschen Krankenhäusern
Authors: Kianpour Fabian 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Auswirkung der Leistungskonzentration auf die Ergebnisqualität stationärer
Leistungen im Krankenhaussektor ist Gegenstand kontroverser wissenschaftlicher
Diskussionen. Besonders wichtig ist diese Debatte im Bereich der Geburtshilfe.
Ziel dieses Beitrags war es, den Einfluss von Volume-Outcome-Faktoren und
wettbewerbsökonomischen Parametern auf die Ergebnisqualität in geburtshilflichen
Abteilungen deutscher Krankenhäuser zu untersuchen. Diesem Zweck liegt ein
quantitativer Forschungsansatz zu Grunde, bei dem Struktur- und Leistungsdaten
von 412 deutschen Krankenhäusern im Jahr 2021 analysiert wurden. Zur Überprüfung
der Hypothesen wurde ein polynomiales multiples Regressionsmodell mit insgesamt
elf unabhängigen Variablen geschätzt. Als Indikator für die Ergebnisqualität in
Geburtshilfeabteilungen diente die Sterblichkeit von Neugeborenen. Entgegen den
Erwartungen spielen die für Geburten wichtigen wettbewerbsökonomischen Parameter
eine eher untergeordnete Rolle, während für Volume-Outcome-Beziehungen starke
empirische Belege gefunden werden konnten. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie legen
nahe, dass positive Qualitätseffekte von Leistungskonzentrationen auch im
Bereich der Geburtshilfe überwiegen und liefern damit unterstützende Indizien
für die Argumentationslogik der bevorstehenden Krankenhausreform in
Deutschland.
Ende der Pandemie – Beginn der Digitalisierung im Öffentlichen
Gesundheitsdienst? Das nationale Förderprogramm Pakt-öGD
Authors: Yavuz Mesut , Savaskan Nicolai 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Der datentechnisch desolate Zustand der Gesundheitsämter wurde
spätestens mit dem Eintreten der Covid-19-Pandemie öffentlich evident. Die
fehlende Interoperabilität und mangelnde Vernetzung der Gesundheitsämter
entwickelten sich schnell zu Blockaden in der Kontaktpersonennachverfolgung und
Pandemiebekämpfung.
Methodik Als Grundlage der Studie wurden Kennzahlen und Fördervolumina des
Pakt-ÖGD ausgewertet und mittels deskriptiver Parameter analysiert. Zusätzlich
wurde eine Literaturrecherche zum Pakt-ÖGD und verwandter Begriffe
durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Der Pakt-ÖGD stellt die bisher größte Finanzierungsoffensive
für den ÖGD dar. Trotz Digitalisierungspakt und den ersten Mittelausschüttungen
besteht allerdings kein Konsens über die Digitalisierungsziele, wie den ISCODE,
Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability und Reuse (FAIR-Konzept). So
präsentiert das RKI aktuell ein neues Elektronisches Melde- und
Informationssystem für Gesundheitsämter (EMIGA), dass parallel zum DEMIS als
bundeseinheitliche Kernanwendung für den Infektionsschutz eingeführt werden
soll.
Schlussfolgerung In Analogie zur Health Literacy benötigt der ÖGD zur
Kompetenzstärkung eine Digital Literacy und konsentierte, gemeinsame Ziele, was
Digitalisierung als Prozess schaen soll. Für einen zukunftsfähigen öffentlichen
Gesundheitsdienst bedarf es eines offenen und anschlussfähigen Netzwerkes über
den Infektionsschutz (pandemic prevention, preparedness and response – PPPR)
hinaus hin zu einer digital nutzbaren globalen One-Health Plattform.
Enhancing Secure Messaging in Electronic Health Records: Evaluating the Impact of Emoji Chat Reactions on the Volume of Interruptive Notifications
Authors: Will John , Small William , Iturrate Eduardo , Testa Paul , Feldman Jonah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Electronic health record secure messaging (EHRSM) is an increasingly utilized tool for communication among clinicians. However, there is concern about the growing quantity of disruptions it presents via interruptive notification.
Objectives The primary aim of this study is to assess whether introducing emoji reactions, which do not trigger push notifications in EHRSM, can alleviate the burden of interruptive notifications. The second aim is to use messaging notification metadata to identify subgroups that might benefit from targeted interventions to aid the adoption of this innovation.
Methods We implemented the emoji reaction feature into EHRSM across a large academic health system. We evaluated the volume of push notifications 11 weeks before (pre-emoji period) and after (post-emoji period) introducing emoji reactions in EHRSM. Notification metadata was categorized by user type, and users were stratified based on notification volume.
Results There were 1,387,506 fewer push notifications in the post-emoji period (a decrease of 4.7%). Subgroups of users with increasing mean daily push notifications in the pre-emoji period were associated with decreasing mean daily push notifications in the post-emoji period. Among the eight user subgroups, six experienced a significant reduction in interruptive notifications, with the pharmacy and “other” subgroups not observing a reduction. Users in the top quartile of notification volume saw the greatest reduction in burden across each user subgroup.
Conclusion Integrating emoji reactions into EHRSM across a large academic health system significantly reduced the burden of push notifications among EHRSM users. Utilizing messaging notification metadata allowed us to identify subgroups that require additional intervention.
Outcome of Twins Discordant for Major Anomalies
Authors: Bhutia Tseten Zangmu , Kolar Geeta , Kavuri Kamala , Redishetty Saritha , Reddy Prathiba , Singh Arati , Pawar Smita , Kachakayala Mounika , Shivaramegowda Raksha , Vavilala Suseela 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives This article determines the incidence, management, and outcomes of twins discordant for major structural anomalies.
Materials and Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted from 2011 to 2021. Pregnant women discordant for major malformations as confirmed postnatally were included in the study. Demographic and clinical details were collected from medical records. Determining the incidence and profile of twins discordant for major structural anomalies and their management and outcomes were considered as primary objectives that were detailed in dichorionic (DC) and monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies.
Results A total of 83 subjects were included, with an incidence of 1.76% in DC pregnancies and 1.4% in MC pregnancies. Major structural anomalies among DC twins were musculoskeletal (26%), followed by circulatory system anomalies (20.2%), while among MC twins, the majority were found to be central nervous system anomalies (35.7%). Gastrointestinal system anomalies were found the least, with 5.8% in DC anomalous twins, and none were observed in MC anomalous twins. Live birth rate among anomalous twins was found to be 79.71 and 64.29%, and in normal cotwins, it was 92.75 and 85.71% in DC and MC twins, respectively. Surviving anomalous twins underwent postnatal surgery or intervention in 25/69 (36.2%) DC twins, out of which 20 infants were alive and healthy. In the MC anomalous twin group, 3/14 (21.42%) underwent surgical correction; all were alive and well. Postnatally, babies were followed up until 2 years of life. The survival rate for anomalous twins was 47.82% in DC and 35.7% in MC twins. Normal cotwins had overall favorable outcomes, with a survival rate of 89.8 and 85.7% in DC and MC twins, respectively.
Conclusion In DC twins discordant for major anomalies, expectant management is a safe option.
Direct visualization of laser-driven dynamic fragmentation in tin by in situ x-ray diffraction
Authors: Yang Jing , Wang Xinxin , Xu Liang , Wang Qiannan , Sun Yi , Li Jiangtao , Zhang Lin , Li Yinghua , Yu Yuying , Wang Pei , Wu Qiang , Hu Jianbo 
Published: July 2024

We present a novel method for investigating laser-driven dynamic fragmentation in tin using in situ X-ray diffraction. Our experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the method for simultaneously identifying the phase and temperature of fragments through analysis of the diffraction pattern. Surprisingly, we observe a deviation from the widely accepted isentropic release assumption, with the temperature of the fragments being found to be more than 100 K higher than expected, owing to the release of plastic work during dynamic fragmentation. Our findings are further verified through extensive large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, in which strain energies are found to be transferred into thermal energies during the nucleation and growth of voids, leading to an increase in temperature. Our findings thus provide crucial insights into the impact-driven dynamic fragmentation phenomenon and reveal the significant influence of plastic work on material response during shock release.
The motional Stark effect diagnostic for ITER
Authors: Foley E. L. , Levinton F. M. , Uzun-Kaymak I. U. , Galante M. E. , Zhang X. 
Published: July 2024

An overview of the plans for the motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic installation on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is presented. The MSE diagnostic uniquely provides spatially localized magnetic field measurements inside the plasma. These are used to constrain equilibrium reconstructions to determine q(r), the safety factor as a function of minor radius. Meeting the system requirements to deliver q-profiles and related quantities with the specified radial resolution of 20 points over the minor radius, 10 ms time resolution, and better than 10% accuracy is challenging. MSE systems observe the D/H-α emission near 656.3 nm from neutral beams. As the beam atoms traverse the magnetic field, B⃗, at high velocity, v⃗, they experience a Lorentz electric field, v⃗×B⃗, which causes the spectral emission to be split and polarized due to the Stark effect. Traditional MSE-LP (line polarization) measurements determine the direction of the magnetic field in the observation volume using polarimetric analysis of the detected light. The harsh conditions of ITER are expected to deposit thin films of contaminants on the first mirror, which would alter the polarization state of reflected light significantly. On ITER, the combination of high magnetic field strength and high energy beams makes the Stark spectrum resolution suitable for the determination of the magnetic field magnitude from the line shift, so this approach has been selected. Every aspect of the measurement system must be planned for the burning plasma environment and carefully analyzed ahead of time. Current status and plans for the system are presented.
Collision of rare-gas atoms on helium nanodroplets: Theoretical evidence for an efficient coagulation of heavy rare-gas atoms
Authors: Fixot Brendan , Louaas Elsa , Bonhommeau David A. 
Published: July 2024

The coagulation of rare-gas atoms (RG = Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn) in helium nanodroplets (HNDs) composed of 1000 atoms is investigated by zero-point averaged dynamics where a He–He pseudopotential is used to make the droplet liquid with proper energies. This method reproduces the qualitative abundances of embedded Arn+1 structures obtained by Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory and Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics for Ar + ArnHe1000 collisions at realistic projectile speeds and impact parameters. More generally, coagulation is found to be much more efficient for heavy rare-gases (Xe and Rn) than for light ones (Ne and Ar), a behavior mainly attributed to a slower energy dissipation of the projectile in the HND. When coagulation does not occur, the projectile maintains a speed of 10–30 m s−1 within the HND, but its velocity vector is rarely oriented toward the dopant, and the projectile roams in a limited region of the droplet. The structure of embedded RGn+1 clusters does not systematically match their gas-phase global minimum structure, and more than 30% of RGn–RG unbound structures are due to one He atom located in between the projectile and a dopant atom.
Modeling and experimental investigation of multilayer DE transducers considering the influence of the electrode layers
Authors: Mertens Jana , Elkarim Masoud Abd , Hubracht Andreas , Çabuk Ozan , Simon Krüger Tim , Maas Jürgen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A current research topic for dielectric elastomer (DE) materials is the reduction of the thickness of the DE layer in order to achieve a lower operating voltage with the same electric field strength. As the ratio of the layer thicknesses of the electrode to the elastomer is therefore more important, the mechanical properties of the electrode layers are of greater significance. Several research articles deal with investigations, exploring the influence of electrode materials on the behavior of the DE transducer and emphasizing its importance. In analytical models, however, the electrodes are not usually considered separately, but the parameters are identified for the entire DE composite, consisting of elastomer and electrode layers. In contrast, in this article the material characterization is carried out separately for the two materials in a first step. In a further step, a holistic model for multilayer DE transducers is derived on the basis of this material-specific characterization and subsequently validated with measurements. For the DE layers, ELASTOSIL ® 2030 (EL 2030), and for the electrode layers, ELASTOSIL ® LR 3162 (EL 3162) are investigated, frequently used materials for DE transducers that offer reproducible properties for the investigation. EL 3162 is a carbon black filled elastomer material that exhibits higher elastic and viscose stresses as well as a significant rate-independent hysteresis compared to EL 2030. Experimental investigations of DE transducers with different electrode thicknesses are examined to validate the model and to demonstrate the significance and influence of the electrode layers on the transducer’s performance. Furthermore, the influence of the electrode properties on the actuator, generator and sensor behavior of the DE transducer is analyzed based on the developed model. Depending on the thickness and number of layers, this underlines the relevance of the electrode properties and provides information on the optimized design of the DE transducer.