bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual care for paediatric asthma: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gümüş Merve , Yardimci Figen , Duman Şenol Handan , Demir Esen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsThis work aims to investigate whether virtual care can improve clinical outcomes for children with asthma, similar to face‐to‐face specialty care.DesignThe study used a randomized controlled trial design, with participants allocated to either a virtual care group (n = 47) or a control group (n = 50) using simple randomization.MethodsThe study was conducted from March to August 2021, and a sample of 97 children with asthma was recruited. Children in the virtual care group received online training in four modules within the first month and support through virtual meetings and phone or video calls, while the control group received standard care. The primary outcome of the study was the Asthma Control Test and Child Asthma Control Test.ResultsThe virtual care group had significantly better outcomes than the control group in terms of C‐ACT scores for children aged 7–11 years, fewer days under 80% of the optimum level of peak expiratory flow, lower peak expiratory flow variability, fewer rescue medication uses, and more symptom‐free days. The virtual care group also had a lower number of unscheduled hospital visits and a greater improvement in quality of life compared with the control group.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that virtual care can improve disease management and quality of life for children with asthma.
Special education teachers' involvement and perceived barriers to delivering oral health education for students with disabilities—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Asiri Faris Yahya I. , Tennant Marc , Kruger Estie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDental caries is prevalent among children, including those with disabilities. Although the World Health Organization recommends school‐based oral health promotion (OHP) programmes involving teachers, limited research has explored teachers' roles and perspectives.AimTo assess special education teachers' involvement and difficulties regarding oral health education (OHE), attitudes towards OHP and barriers to oral healthcare access for students with disabilities (SWDs).DesignThis descriptive cross‐sectional study, conducted in Al‐Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, involved 264 special education teachers using a validated, self‐administered questionnaire, and descriptive and analytical statistics were used for data analysis.ResultsOnly 39% of teachers incorporated OHE into their teaching, and just 20.8% received training for OHE delivery. Teachers showed strong support for integrating OHE into the curriculum (84.1%) and a no‐sugar policy (78%). There was, however, less support for school‐based toothbrushing (39%). OHE barriers included insufficient resources (56.1%), limited knowledge (29.2%) and misconceptions about primary teeth removal (47.4%). The three most common barriers to oral healthcare access were extended waiting lists (75.0%), long waiting times (73.1%) and fear of dental equipment (67.4%).ConclusionThis study highlights the need for collaboration between healthcare professionals, educators and parents to enhance OHE and reinforce OHP for SWDs within special education and beyond.
Exploring the accuracy of tooth loss prediction between a clinical periodontal prognostic system and a machine learning prognostic model
Authors: Santamaria Pasquale , Troiano Giuseppe , Serroni Matteo , Araùjo Tiago G. , Ravidà Andrea , Nibali Luigi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this analysis was to compare a clinical periodontal prognostic system and a developed and externally validated artificial intelligence (AI)‐based model for the prediction of tooth loss in periodontitis patients under supportive periodontal care (SPC) for 10 years.Materials and MethodsClinical and radiographic parameters were analysed to assign tooth prognosis with a tooth prognostic system (TPS) by two calibrated examiners from different clinical centres (London and Pittsburgh). The prediction model was developed on the London dataset. A logistic regression model (LR) and a neural network model (NN) were developed to analyse the data. These models were externally validated on the Pittsburgh dataset. The primary outcome was 10‐year tooth loss in teeth assigned with ‘unfavourable’ prognosis.ResultsA total of 1626 teeth in 69 patients were included in the London cohort (development cohort), while 2792 teeth in 116 patients were included in the Pittsburgh cohort (external validated dataset). While the TPS in the validation cohort exhibited high specificity (99.96%), moderate positive predictive value (PPV = 50.0%) and very low sensitivity (0.85%), the AI‐based model showed moderate specificity (NN = 52.26%, LR = 67.59%), high sensitivity (NN = 98.29%, LR = 91.45%), and high PPV (NN = 89.1%, LR = 88.6%).ConclusionsAI‐based models showed comparable results with the clinical prediction model, with a better performance in specific prognostic risk categories, confirming AI prediction model as a promising tool for the prediction of tooth loss.
End‐of‐life care for the devout Jewish patient
Authors: Eitingon Jennifer , Doberman Danielle , Berger Zackary , Tapper Corey Xavier 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRationaleThe Joint Commission emphasizes the importance of cultural competence and effective communication in quality medical care, particularly during end‐of‐life (EOL), when decisions are influenced by diverse cultural and religious backgrounds. For Orthodox Jewish patients, the philosophical framework used for EOL decision‐making may conflict with that used in traditional Western medical ethics. In this paper, we explore the complexities of EOL decision‐making for devout Jewish patients and highlight how approaches may differ from a Western ethical framework.Aims and ObjectivesThis paper aims to familiarize clinicians with EOL preferences of Orthodox Jewish patients, organized into an ethical framework called ‘casuistic deontology’. Leading with an open‐minded approach emphasizing cultural humility, we explore ways in which integrating this perspective can allow for culturally appropriate and compassionate EOL care.MethodUsing a case study methodology, we focus on a 79‐year‐old Orthodox Jewish male hospitalized with severe injuries. The patient's medical course is analyzed, highlighting how the decisions made by his family in consultation with their Rabbi may differ from the decisions made with a philosophy of a Western ethical framework.Results and ConclusionThis case illustrates the ethical tensions that may arise when Western medical practices intersect with Orthodox Jewish beliefs, particularly regarding brain death, resuscitation, and artificial nutrition. We underscore the need for cultural sensitivity when approaching EOL decision‐making, allowing for compassionate and comprehensive care that respects religious perspectives. This paper helps provide a structure for clinicians to navigate the complex EOL care needs for the devout Jewish patient in a manner consistent with their cultural and religious identity.
Do traders overweight experience from first movers?
Authors: Boyd Naomi , Li Shenru 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe examine empirically how trading by peers on a new platform influences others' adoption decisions. We model the adoption process and find the relation to be U‐shaped, with first movers greatly discouraging their peers from adoption and late movers slightly discouraging or encouraging their peers. Further analysis shows that the U‐shape is explained by social transmission bias rather than profitability.
Engaging in literature review, synthesis, and meta‐analysis: A few considerations for family scholars
Authors: Jensen Todd M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGiven their value, literature reviews and syntheses are featured in numerous family‐centered academic journals, including the flagship journals of the National Council on Family Relations. Although literature reviews and syntheses, including meta‐analyses, have been published in family‐centered academic journals for decades, the application of these methods to topics germane to family science has increased substantially over time. This trend—coupled with a desire to support the conduct of high‐quality literature reviews and syntheses in family science—prompted the development of this article, which aims to provide an efficient, didactic overview of common literature review and synthesis approaches, including meta‐analysis. This article also offers several considerations intended to support family scholars' efforts to develop strong literature reviews, syntheses, and meta‐analyses, particularly ones intended for publication in family‐centered academic journals. The skillful application of these methods will support family scholars' continued efforts to enrich, guide, and advance family science.
Kyanite and Cordierite‐Andalusite occurrences in parts of Barrow's Staurolite zones – The effects of high ferric iron
Authors: Harte Ben 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGeorge Barrow's maps (1893, 1912) of the metamorphic zones named after him in the south‐eastern Scottish Highlands, show a prominent staurolite zone running from the west of Glen Clova to the North Sea coast near Stonehaven in the east. Pelitic mica schists throughout this zone commonly show principal mineral assemblages of staurolite+biotite+garnet+muscovite +quartz (St + Bt + Grt), with sodic plagioclase, ilmenite and sometimes magnetite as common accessories; these schists have bulk compositions corresponding with those of common Dalradian metasediments. However, the mineral assemblages on the low‐ and high‐grade margins of the staurolite zone show evidence of changes from west to east. Lower grade assemblages near Stonehaven include chloritoid+biotite, which has not been found further west in the classic ‘Barrovian’ sequence; whilst the higher grade assemblages near Stonehaven lack kyanite, which is widely seen further west. The Stonehaven area has been suggested to have under gone metamorphism at lower pressure (P) than the classic region of the ‘Glens’ inland to the west.This paper describes the occurrence at middle grade in the broad staurolite zone, of unusual bulk rock compositions showing high ratios of Fe2O3/(Fe2O3 + FeO) and MgO/(MgO + FeO) (abbreviated to M/FM). The high M/FM assemblages are distinct from those of the common St‐Bt‐Grt schists. The high ratios of ferric to ferrous iron are thought to result from original sedimentary protolith compositions, that led to metamorphism at relatively high conditions of oxygen fugacity (ƒo2), and resulted in the formation of haematite‐bearing assemblages, rather than ones carrying accessory ilmenite and magnetite as in the common St + Bt + Grt rocks.In the west (Glen Lethnot), the haematite‐bearing pelites show the occurrence of kyanite at a distinctly lower grade than the common (haematite‐free) pelites, and a transition from staurolite‐biotite (St + Bt) through staurolite–kyanite‐biotite (St + Ky + Bt) to kyanite‐biotite (Ky‐Bt) assemblages occurs with increasing abundance of haematite and higher bulk M/FM values. In all bulk compositions, the upgrade formation of kyanite may be associated with the movement of the St + Ky + Bt assemblage to lower M/FM bulk compositions with increasing temperature (T). The difference in the temperature of lowest‐grade kyanite formation in haematite‐rich schists, compared with that in common haematite‐free schists may approach 50°C.In the east (Stonehaven section), the haematite‐bearing assemblages are much rarer than in Glen Lethnot, but those found so far are very distinctive in showing large porphyroblasts of probable cordierite (typically altered to chlorite and sericite). Occasional assemblages of andalusite‐cordierite‐biotite (And‐Crd‐Bt) also occur in the haematite‐bearing rocks and confirm lower pressures of metamorphism near Stonehaven than those seen further west in Glens Clova, Lethnot and Esk.
Holistic investigation of the anti‐wrinkle and repair efficacy of a facial cream enriched with C‐xyloside
Authors: Zang Shanshan , Chen Juanjuan , Chevalier Cyril , Zhang Ji , Li Shumei , Wang Hequn , Li Jing , Chen Yangdong , Xu Hongling , Sheng Le , Zhang Zhiming , Qiu Jie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the repairing and anti‐wrinkle efficacy of the facial cream enriched with C‐xyloside, aiming at comprehensively evaluating its skin anti‐ aging effect and clarify its potential mechanism of action.MethodsThe repairing efficacy was studied on 3D epidermis skin model and the antiaging efficacy was studied on ex‐vivo human skin. Two clinical studies were conducted with Chinese females. In the first study, 49 subjects aged between 30 and 50 with wrinkle concerns were recruited and instructed to apply the investigational cream containing C‐xyloside for 8 weeks. Wrinkles attributes were assessed by dermatologist. Instrumental measurements on skin hydration, trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin elasticity were also conducted. In the second study, 30 subjects aged between 25 and 60 with self‐declared sensitive skin and facial redness were recruited and instructed to apply the cream for 4 weeks. Biomarker analysis of the stratum corneum was conducted through facial tape strips.ResultsThe cream improved the histomorphology of the 3D epidermis skin model after SLS stimulation, and significantly increase the expression of LOR and FLG. On human skin, the cream improved the histopathology induced by UV, and significantly increased the protein content of COL I and COL III, collagen density and the number of Ki‐67 positive cell of skin compared with model group (n = 3, p < 0.01). The results from the first clinical study demonstrate a significant increased the skin hydration and elasticity by 21.90%, 13.08% (R2) and 12.30% (R5), respectively (n = 49, p < 0.05), and the TEWL values decreased by 33.94% (n = 49, p < 0.05), after 8 weeks application of the cream. In addition, the scores for nasolabial folds, glabellar wrinkle, underneath eye wrinkles, crow's feet wrinkle and forehead wrinkle in the volunteers exhibited a significant reduction of 34.02%, 43.34%, 50.03%, 33.64% and 55.81% respectively (n = 49, p < 0.05). The (rCE)/(fCE) ratio of volunteers based on tape stripping significant increased after using the sample cream (n = 30, p < 0.05).ConclusionThe cream containing C‐xyloside showed improvement of skin wrinkles and enhancement of skin barrier function. These efficacies may be attributed to the fact that the sample cream can increase the expression of skin barrier related proteins LOR and FLG, promote the maturation of cornified envelope, enhance collagen I and III protein expression and stimulate skin cell proliferation, to provide sufficient evidence supporting its antiaging efficacy of skin.
Predictive factors for the duration of subsyndromal delirium in the intensive care unit
Authors: Song Chunmei , Wang Shufang , Liu Jianping , Xu Wen , Yang Yang , Li Xing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the duration of subsyndromal delirium (SSD) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and the factors associated with SSD duration.MethodsThis retrospective study included adult patients admitted to the ICU of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University between December 2019 and June 2020. All patients with Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale scores of ≥−2 were evaluated every 8 h using the confusion assessment method of the intensive care unit (CAM‐ICU) until the patients with SSD were negative, progressed to delirium, fell into a coma, died, or were discharged from the ICU. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with SSD duration.ResultsOf the 388 patients, 53.6% had SSD, and 20.7% progressed from SSD to delirium. The duration of SSD ranged from 8 to 248 h, and the median duration was 48 h (interquartile range, 24–72). Age (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.985, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.971–0.999, p = 0.035), surgery or not (HR = 0.514; 95% CI, 0.310–0.850; p = 0.010), duration of ventilation (HR = 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000–1.006; p = 0.044), duration of hypoxia (HR = 0.212; 95% CI, 0.103–0.438; p < 0.001), and adapted cognitive exam scores (HR = 1.057; 95% CI, 1.030–1.085; p < 0.001) were independently associated with the duration of SSD.ConclusionsThe duration of SSD was associated with age, surgery, duration of ventilation, duration of hypoxia, and cognitive function. SSD has a high incidence among ICU patients, and many patients progress to delirium.Patient or Public ContributionThe study team met with public members of the evaluation teams throughout the project in a series of workshops. Workshops informed study design, data collection tools and data interpretation.Relevance to Clinical PracticeICU staff should pay attention to SSD patients with older age, history of surgery, longer duration of ventilation, prolonged duration of hypoxia, and lower ACE scores.
Developing a rural paediatrician workforce: Using social network analysis to examine influence on reasons to go rural
Authors: Shiikha Yulia , Ford Timothy J , Wright Helen 
Published: August 2024

AimThis pilot study examines how rural and remote junior doctors' career decisions are influenced by collegial relationships within the discipline of general paediatrics.MethodsSocial network analysis (SNA) was undertaken by structured interviews with 10 paediatricians working in regional towns in Western Australia. UNICET software was used to determine the interactions between individual networks to look for overlap and common influencers.ResultsTen rural paediatricians were interviewed. An individual was found to have key measures of centrality at the core of the entire social network of rural general paediatricians. This included a high degree of ‘betweenness’ (connections within social networks), and a high broker index (connections between separate areas of a network or between networks) demonstrated by that person combining three disconnected networks into a single coherent network. This central individual was a recently appointed consultant with links to senior paediatricians, peers and junior trainees, and may be instrumental in recruitment and retention in the rural paediatric workforce.ConclusionImproving understanding of the impact of social networks, and decision‐making processes that influence rural career choices, can inform innovative solutions to develop sustainable strategies for recruiting and retaining the rural paediatric workforce. Applying this model on a larger scale may provide more data to support evidence‐based programmes that enable this within the Australian context.
Attitudes and responses of Victorian paediatric intensive care doctors to the detection and reporting of child maltreatment
Authors: Butlinski Anna K , Butt Warwick W 
Published: August 2024

AimTo determine the attitudes and responses of Victorian paediatric intensive care doctors to the detection and reporting of child maltreatment.MethodsA prospective study conducted in a 30‐bed paediatric intensive care unit of a university teaching hospital using data collected from a questionnaire completed by paediatric intensive care consultants and registrars. The questionnaire covered the following domains – doctors' knowledge of Victorian mandatory reporting legislation, doctors' history of reporting and doctors' current role in the detection and reporting of child maltreatment.ResultsThe questionnaire was completed by 37 doctors. All but one doctor considered their role in the detection and reporting of all six forms of maltreatment (physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, exposure to domestic violence and grooming to facilitate later sexual activity with a child) very important or somewhat important. Thirty‐two percent of doctors did not feel adequately trained to detect child maltreatment while 51% did not feel adequately trained to report maltreatment. If a doctor wanted to make a report to Child Protection about the physical or sexual abuse of a child, only one would likely make Child Protection their first point of contact.ConclusionsPaediatric intensive care doctors show a strong intent to detect and report child maltreatment across a broad range of maltreatment types. Doctors are likely to contact one or more members of a child's care team and/or one or more relevant hospital/community services before making a report to Child Protection about the physical or sexual abuse of a child. Opportunities exist for the further education of doctors in regards to the detection and reporting of child maltreatment.
A phylogenomic approach to disentangling the evolution of the large and diverse daisy tribe Anthemideae (Asteraceae)
Authors: Criado‐Ruiz David , Vallès Joan , Bayer Randall J. , Palazzesi Luis , Pellicer Jaume , Lorenzo Iván Pérez , Maurin Olivier , Françoso Elaine , Roy Shyamali , Leitch Ilia J. , Forest Félix , Baker William J. , Pokorny Lisa , Hidalgo Oriane , Nieto Feliner Gonzalo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe daisy tribe Anthemideae Cass. is one of the largest and most diverse tribes within Asteraceae. We analyzed a data set including 61 out of 111 Anthemideae genera, and all but four of the 19 currently recognized subtribes (Inulantherinae, Lapidophorinae, Lonadinae, and Vogtiinae) using a targeted high‐throughput sequencing approach, the first focused on the tribe. We followed different phylogenomic approaches, using nuclear and plastid data, as well as additional analytical methods to estimate divergence times and diversification rates, to unravel the evolutionary history and classification of this tribe. Our results reinforce the phylogenetic backbone of the Anthemideae advanced in previous studies and further reveal the possible occurrence of ancient hybridization events, plastid capture, and/or incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), suggesting that complex evolutionary processes have played an important role in the evolution of this tribe. The results also support the merging of subtribe Physmasperminae into Athanasiinae and subtribe Matricariinae into Anthemidinae and clarify previously unresolved relationships. Furthermore, the study provides additional insights into the biogeographic patterns within the tribe by identifying three main groups: the Southern African Grade, the Asian Clade, and the circum‐Mediterranean Clade. These groups partially coincide with previously identified ones. Overall, this research provides a more detailed understanding of the Anthemideae tribe and improves its classification. The study also emphasizes the importance of phylogenomic approaches for deciphering the evolutionary dynamics of large and diverse plant lineages.