bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mechanism underlying the effects of the cell surface ATP synthase on the regulation of intracellular acidification during acidosis
Authors: Wang Wen‐juan , Shi Xiao‐xing , Liu Yi‐wen , He Yi‐qing , Wang Ying‐zhi , Yang Cui‐xia , Gao Feng 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe F1F0 ATP synthase has recently become the focus of anti‐cancer research. It was once thought that ATP synthases were located strictly on the inner mitochondrial membrane; however, in 1994, it was found that some ATP synthases localized to the cell surface. The cell surface ATP synthases are involved in angiogenesis, lipoprotein metabolism, innate immunity, hypertension, the regulation of food intake, and other processes. Inhibitors of this synthase have been reported to be cytotoxic and to induce intracellular acidification. However, the mechanisms by which these effects are mediated and the molecular pathways that are involved remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell apoptosis that are induced by inhibitors of the cell surface ATP synthase are associated with intracellular acidification and to investigate the mechanism that underlines the effects of this inhibition, particularly in an acidic tumor environment. We demonstrated that intracellular acidification contributes to the cell proliferation inhibition that is mediated by cell surface ATP synthase inhibitors, but not to the induction of apoptosis. Intracellular acidification is only one of the mechanisms of ecto‐ATP synthase‐targeted antitumor drugs. We propose that intracellular acidification in combination with the inhibition of cell surface ATP generation induce cell apoptosis after cell surface ATP synthase blocked by its inhibitors. A better understanding of the mechanisms activated by ecto‐ATP synthase‐targeted cancer therapies may facilitate the development of potent anti‐tumor therapies, which target this enzyme and do not exhibit clinical limitations. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1695–1703, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PHI: A powerful new program for the analysis of anisotropic monomeric and exchange‐coupled polynuclear d‐ and f‐block complexes
Authors: Chilton Nicholas F. , Anderson Russell P. , Turner Lincoln D. , Soncini Alessandro , Murray Keith S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA new program, PHI, with the ability to calculate the magnetic properties of large spin systems and complex orbitally degenerate systems, such as clusters of d‐block and f‐block ions, is presented. The program can intuitively fit experimental data from multiple sources, such as magnetic and spectroscopic data, simultaneously. PHI is extensively parallelized and can operate under the symmetric multiprocessing, single process multiple data, or GPU paradigms using a threaded, MPI or GPU model, respectively. For a given problem PHI is been shown to be almost 12 times faster than the well‐known program MAGPACK, limited only by available hardware. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Implementing Peer Evaluation of Handoffs: Associations With Experience and Workload
Authors: Arora Vineet M. , Greenstein Elizabeth A. , Woodruff James N. , Staisiunas Paul G. , Farnan Jeanne M. 
Published: February 2013

BACKGROUNDAlthough peer evaluation can be used to evaluate in‐hospital handoffs, few studies have described using this strategy.OBJECTIVEOur objective was to assess feasibility of an online peer handoff evaluation and characterize performance over time among medical interns.DESIGNThe design was a prospective cohort study.PATIENTSSubjects were medical interns from residency program rotating at 2 teaching hospitals.MEASUREMENTSMeasurements were performance on an end‐of‐rotation evaluation of giving and receiving handoffs.RESULTSFrom July 2009 to March 2010, 31 interns completed 60% (172/288) of peer evaluations. Ratings were high across domains (mean, 8.3–8.6). In multivariate regression controlling for evaluator and evaluatee, statistically significant improvements over time were observed for 4 items compared to the first 3 months of the year: 1) communication skills (season 2, +0.34 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.08‐0.60], P = 0.009); 2) listening behavior (season 2, +0.29 [95% CI, 0.04‐0.55], P = 0.025); 3) accepting professional responsibility (season 3, +0.37 [95% CI, 0.08‐0.65], P = 0.012); and 4) accessing the system (season 2, +0.21 [95% CI, 0.03‐0.39], P = 0.023). Ratings were also significantly lower when interns were postcall in written sign‐out quality (8.21 vs 8.39, P = 0.008) and accepting feedback (8.25 vs 8.42, P = 0.006). Ratings from a community hospital rotation, with a lower census than the teaching hospital, were significantly higher for overall performance and 7 of 12 domains (P < 0.05 for all). Significant evaluator effects were observed.CONCLUSIONSAlthough there is evidence of leniency, peer evaluation of handoffs demonstrate increases over time and associations with workload such as postcall status. This suggests the importance of examining how workload impacts handoffs in the future. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013;8:132–136. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Climate change projections of precipitation and reference evapotranspiration for the Middle East and Northern Africa until 2050
Authors: Terink Wilco , Immerzeel Walter Willem , Droogers Peter 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region can be considered as the most water‐scarce region of the world. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects strong changes in climate across MENA, further exacerbating pressure on available water resources. The objective of this study is to undertake a climate change assessment for 22 MENA countries in order to quantify the problems these countries may encounter up to 2050. To evaluate climate change in MENA, nine global circulation models representing two future periods (2020–2030 and 2040–2050) were statistically downscaled and compared with a current climate, defined as the period 2000–2009. Besides precipitation only this study also focuses on change in water demand by vegetation reference evapotranspiration (ETref). It was found that for both future periods the annual precipitation sum will decrease for the majority of countries, with decreases of 15–20% for the latter period. For some countries, e.g. Djibouti and Yemen, an increase in annual precipitation of 15–20% was found. The annual ETref shows an increase for all countries for both future periods, with the strongest increases for the latter period. For the extreme situation, it was found that the minimum monthly and annual precipitation sum does not become smaller in the future climate. It in fact increases. In contrast, the maximum monthly and annual ETref increases for all countries. This indicates that projected changes in demand are likely to have a more adverse effect than changes in supply. Spatial analysis showed that the largest precipitation decreases are to be found in southern Egypt, Morocco, central and coastal Algeria, Tunisia, central Libya, Syria, and central and eastern Iran. A case study for Morocco revealed that the potential water deficit, which is already apparent for the current climate, becomes even larger for the future climate.
Using phenology to assess urban heat islands in tropical and temperate regions
Authors: Jochner Susanne , Alves‐Eigenheer Milene , Menzel Annette , Morellato Leonor Patrícia C. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe study of urban phenology is relevant to assess the effects of heat islands and the potential impacts of climate change on plants. Temperature is the main factor regulating plant development in moist/temperate regions. However, plants in tropical cities may respond to additional environmental cues, such as air humidity.We examined whether differences in air temperature and humidity along an urban–rural gradient influenced phenological onset dates of trees in a temperate mid‐latitude city (Munich, Germany) and a city in the neotropics (Campinas, Brazil). (Dis)similarities were identified incorporating equivalent study design based on identical methods for recording phenology and site‐specific meteorological data.We found that phenological onset dates of silver birch (Betula pendula) were able to describe local temperature variations in Munich. Correlation coefficients between mean temperature and onset dates of Betula were significant and varied between r = −0.48 and r = −0.72. However, onset dates for yellow trumpet tree (Tabebuia chrysotricha), false Brazilwood (Caesalpinia pluviosa) and rosewood (Tipuana tipu) in Campinas were rather variable, and the magnitude and significance of correlation coefficients with temperature varied greatly among species/phenophases. Nevertheless, we detected significant correlations, especially between Tipuana phenophases and temperature and between leaf unfolding of Tabebuia and humidity.Our findings revealed that the phenology of Tipuana was sufficiently sensitive to detect urban heat island effects in Campinas and might be a useful indicator of temperature variations and, in turn, of global warming. Because Tipuana is widely used for urban arborization in South America, we foresee many applications for monitoring heat islands in the neotropics. Furthermore, the fact that most phenophases of Tabebuia were not responsive to temperature stressed the importance of humidity variables. Additional species and phenophases should be explored to identify the further potential of phenology for monitoring heat islands in tropical cities.
Trends in temperature indices over Serbia: relationships to large‐scale circulation patterns
Authors: Unkašević Miroslava , Tošić Ivana 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTIn this work, the trends of six climate indices based on the daily maximum and minimum temperatures during the period 1949–2009 at 15 stations distributed across Serbia were analysed. The results showed seasonal changes in the minimum and maximum temperature extremes. An analysis of the extreme temperature indices suggested that the Serbian climate generally tended to become warmer in the last 61 years. The most significant temperature trends were revealed for the summer season. The influence of large‐scale variables on the temperature was examined by means of the empirical orthogonal function and correlation. It was found that the East Atlantic pattern dominated during the winter, spring and summer, while the East Atlantic/West Russia pattern governed during the autumn. In addition, the North Atlantic Oscillation dominated the Serbian extreme temperature variability during the winter.
Impact assessment of recent climate change on rice yields in the Heilongjiang Reclamation Area of north‐east China
Authors: Zhou Yang , Li Ning , Dong Guanpeng , Wu Wenxiang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundInvestigating the degree to which climate change may have impacted on rice yields can provide an insight into how to adapt to climate change in the future. Meteorological and rice yield data over the period 1960–2009 from the Heilongjiang Reclamation Area of north‐east China (HRANC) were used to explore the possible impacts of climate change on rice yields at sub‐regional scale.ResultsResults showed that a warming trend was obvious in the HRANC and discernible climate fluctuations and yield variations on inter‐annual scale were detected to have occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, respectively. Statistically positive correlation was observed between growing season temperature and rice yields, with an increase rate by approximately 3.60% for each 1°C rise in the minimum temperature during growing season. Such findings are consistent with the current mainstream view that warming climate may exert positive impacts on crop yields in the middle and higher latitude regions.ConclusionOur study indicated that the growing season minimum temperature was a major driver of all the climatic factors to the recent increase trends in rice yield in HRANC over the last five decades. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Transplantation versus resection for patients with combined hepatocellular carcinoma–cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Groeschl Ryan T. , Turaga Kiran K. , Gamblin T. Clark 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough transplantation has demonstrated survival benefit for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there is limited data to support or refute transplantation for combined hepatocellular‐cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC–CC). We hypothesized that cHCC–CC patients had poorer overall survival (OS) than HCC patients after liver transplantation.MethodsPatients with localized HCC and cHCC–CC treated with surgical resection or transplant were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Database (1973–2007). Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine survival.ResultsWe identified 3,378 (1,447 [43%] transplant, 1,931 [57%] resection) patients with HCC, and 54 (19 [35%] transplant, 35 [65%] resection) patients with cHCC–CC. Patients undergoing resection of HCC and cHCC–CC had similar 3‐year OS (55% vs. 46%, P = 0.4). Three‐year OS of patients undergoing transplant was significantly greater for HCC (78%) than for cHCC–CC (48%, P = 0.01). In adjusted models, patients transplanted for cHCC–CC had higher hazard of death compared to HCC patients (HR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2–5.1, P = 0.01).ConclusionsTransplantation for localized cHCC–CC confers a survival benefit similar to liver resection for cHCC–CC, but inferior to transplantation for HCC. With survival data that mimics historic reports of transplant for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, this study questions the benefit of transplantation for patients with cHCC–CC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:608–612. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Identification of quorum sensing‐controlled genes in Burkholderia ambifaria
Authors: Chapalain Annelise , Vial Ludovic , Laprade Natacha , Dekimpe Valérie , Perreault Jonathan , Déziel Eric 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) comprises strains with a virulence potential toward immunocompromised patients as well as plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Owing to the link between quorum sensing (QS) and virulence, most studies among Bcc species have been directed toward QS of pathogenic bacteria. We have investigated the QS of B. ambifaria, a PGPR only infrequently recovered from patients. The cepI gene, responsible for the synthesis of the main signaling molecule N‐octanoylhomoserine lactone (C8‐HSL), was inactivated. Phenotypes of the B. ambifaria cepI mutant we observed, such as increased production of siderophores and decreased proteolytic and antifungal activities, are in agreement with those of other Bcc cepI mutants. The cepI mutant was then used as background strain for a whole‐genome transposon‐insertion mutagenesis strategy, allowing the identification of 20 QS‐controlled genes, corresponding to 17 loci. The main functions identified are linked to antifungal and antimicrobial properties, as we have identified QS‐controlled genes implicated in the production of pyrrolnitrin, burkholdines (occidiofungin‐like molecules), and enacyloxins. This study provides insights in the QS‐regulated functions of a PGPR, which could lead to beneficial potential biotechnological applications.
‐mapping with the transient phase of unbalanced steady‐state free precession
Authors: Ganter Carl , Settles Marcus , Dregely Isabel , Santini Francesco , Scheffler Klaus , Bieri Oliver 
Published: February 2013

PurposeA novel
‐mapping technique (B1‐TRAP) is presented, which derives the actual flip angle from the frequency of signal oscillations, observed in the transient phase of unbalanced steady‐state free precession sequences.TheoryFor short repetition times (TR), the angular frequency of distinct oscillations in the transient phase of steady‐state free precession sequences is proven to be approximately proportional to the actual flip angle:
. The result is not influenced by off‐resonance and it can be shown that deviations are only of second order in the small parameter
.MethodsB1‐TRAP makes use of this effect through a frequency analysis of the transient phase of a train of steady‐state free precession signals.ResultsIn terms of reliability and time efficiency, a two‐dimensional multislice implementation was found to be optimal. Unlike many steady‐state
‐mapping methods, the accuracy of B1‐TRAP was not impaired by imperfect slice profiles.ConclusionSimulations, phantom, and in vivo measurements showed that B1‐TRAP offers a good compromise with respect to speed, robustness, and accuracy. Magn Reson Med 70:1515–1523, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preconditioned IDR(s) iterative solver for non‐symmetric linear system associated with FEM analysis of shallow foundation
Authors: Tran H.H.T. , Toh K.C. , Phoon K.K. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYNon‐associated flow rule is essential when the popular Mohr–Coulomb model is used to model nonlinear behavior of soil. The global tangent stiffness matrix in nonlinear finite element analysis becomes non‐symmetric when this non‐associated flow rule is applied. Efficient solution of this large‐scale non‐symmetric linear system is of practical importance. The standard Krylov solver for a non‐symmetric solver is Bi‐CGSTAB. The Induced Dimension Reduction [IDR(s)] solver was proposed in the scientific computing literature relatively recently. Numerical studies of a drained strip footing problem on homogenous soil layer show that IDR(s = 6) is more efficient than Bi‐CGSTAB when the preconditioner is the incomplete factorization with zero fill‐in of global stiffness matrix Kep (ILU(0)‐Kep). Iteration time is reduced by 40% by using IDR(s = 6) with ILU(0)‐Kep. To further reduce computational cost, the global stiffness matrix Kep is divided into two parts. The first part is the linear elastic stiffness matrix Ke, which is formed only once at the beginning of solution step. The second part is a low‐rank matrix Δ, which is re‐formed at each Newton–Raphson iteration. Numerical studies show that IDR(s = 6) with this ILU(0)‐Ke preconditioner is more time effective than IDR(s = 6) with ILU(0)‐Kep when the percentage of yielded Gauss points in the mesh is less than 15%. The total computation time is reduced by 60% when all the recommended optimizing methods are used. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment of refractory hemorrhage with factor XIII in a patient with hemophilia A with inhibitor
Authors: Ng Christopher , Silliman Christopher C. , Pearl Gabrielle , Smith Whitney , Manco‐Johnson Marilyn , Wang Michael 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old male with hemophilia A and a known high‐titer Factor VIII inhibitor was admitted with retroperitoneal hemorrhage. The patient was receiving infusions of recombinant activated Factor VII (rFVIIa) for a recent elbow hemorrhage when retroperitoneal bleeding commenced. Despite increased dosing of rFVIIa and a dose of activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC), he continued to hemorrhage and required several blood transfusions. Factor XIII was administered 1 hour after rFVIIa and the patient demonstrated cessation of bleeding and normalization of clot strength. Factor XIII may act as an adjuvant in effective clot stabilization in patients with hemophilia and inhibitory antibodies. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: E23–E25. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Compressive behaviors of bcc bismuth up to 55 GPa
Authors: Liu Lei , Song Hong X. , Geng Hua Y. , Bi Yan , Xu Ji‐an , Li Xiaodong , Li Yanchun , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBismuth was compressed hydrostatically and nonhydrostatically up to 55 GPa in a diamond anvil cell. The strength of bcc bismuth was determined by the radial X‐ray diffraction (RXRD) technique: Y = −0.20(5) + 0.009(1)P, which is much smaller than that of normal pressure‐transmitting media (PTM), such as NaCl, Ar, and He. Different PTM [silicone oil (SO), Ar, and He] were used to determine the hydrostatical equation of state of bcc bismuth. The determined results are consistent with each other when different PTM were used, even when no PTM was used. The typical bulk modulus and its pressure derivation of bcc bismuth are 42.7(6) GPa and 5.3(1), respectively. The differential strain introduced by nonhydrostatic stress was derived from Hooke's law and lattice strain theory (LST). The differential strain in bismuth is very small even when no PTM was used. Because of the simple, stable structure and small strength, bcc bismuth is an ideal candidate for an internal pressure standard.
Free‐standing GaN wafer by one‐stop HVPE with pit‐induced buffer layer
Authors: Sato Tadashige , Okano Shinya , Goto Takenari , Yao Takafumi , Sato Akira , Goto Hideki 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe have succeeded in the fabrication of a 2‐inch dia free‐standing GaN thick wafer by one‐stop hydride vapor phase epitaxy using pit‐induced buffer layer. High temperature grown GaN layer on the pit‐induced layer was grown with numerous inverse‐pyramidal pits on the surface. A thick GaN film was separated from the sapphire substrate during cooling. The X‐ray rocking curves show the full width at half maximum values of 146 and 152 arcsec for (0002) and (10–12) reflections, respectively. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Various types of GaN/InGaN nanostructures grown by MOCVD on Si(111) substrate
Authors: Rozhavskaya Mariya M. , Lundin Wsevolod V. , Zavarin Evgeniy E. , Lundina Elena Yu. , Troshkov Sergey I. , Davydov Valery Yu. , Yagovkina Mariya A. , Brunkov Pavel N. , Tsatsulnikov Andrey F. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this paper we obtained GaN and InGaN nanowires on AlN/Si (111) templates via pulsed Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MOCVD). The growth modes were investigated, in which selective growth is possible. The impact of NH3 flow and TMG flow and exposure time were investigated. Also the possibility of using indium catalyst was studied. It was shown that In can be used in Au‐In melt and as self‐suffisient catalyst. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dramatic thermal quenching of photoluminescence in Zn‐doped GaN
Authors: Reshchikov Michael A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe report on the dramatic thermal quenching of the blue luminescence (BL) band in high‐resistivity Zn‐doped GaN. In conductive n ‐type GaN samples, the thermal quenching of this band begins at T0 = 200 K, and the activation energy of this thermal quenching is about 0.35 eV, which agrees with the ionization energy of the ZnGa acceptor. However, in high‐resistivity Zn‐doped GaN, the BL intensity drops by several orders of magnitude at a characteristic temperature T *. Interestingly, T * increases with increasing excitation intensity; i.e., the quenching is tunable. When the temperature of the sample is fixed, the dependence of PL intensity on the excitation intensity exhibits an abrupt, stepwise increase at a certain excitation intensity, and the value of the latter depends on temperature. All of the observed effects can be explained in a model involving three types of defects: a shallow donor, the ZnGa acceptor, and a deep donor. The latter is responsible for the nonradiative recombination. The abrupt and tunable thermal quenching of the Zn‐related BL band in high‐resistivity GaN samples is caused by a sudden transition of the system from the inverse population of levels at T < T * (where low‐resistivity n ‐type conductivity under illumination is predicted) to the quasi‐equilibrium population at T > T * (a p ‐type, or high‐resistivity n ‐type conductivity). This transition is initiated by the thermal emission of holes from the ZnGa acceptor to the valence band and their subsequent recombination with electrons via deep nonradiative defects. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)