bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dinosaurier aus Nordostdeutschland
Authors: Stumpf Sebastian , Meng Stefan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDie ehemalige Tongrube Grimmen (Nordostdeutschland) ist ein Übertageaufschluss glazial verschleppter, unterjurassischer flachmariner Sedimente. Neben typischen marinen Organismen wurden die Reste des basalen thyreophoren Dinosauriers Emausaurus ernsti gefunden. E. ernsti war ein vergleichsweise kleiner Dinosaurier, der eine Körperpanzerung, bestehend aus kleinen, isolierten Hautpanzerplatten, besaß. Kürzlich konnten die Reste eines zweiten Dinosauriers, welcher zur Gruppe der Sauropoden gehört, nachgewiesen werden. Dieser stellt den zweiten Fund eines unterjurassischen basalen Sauropoden innerhalb Deutschlands dar. Der Sauropode wurde vermutlich nach seinem Tod über einen Fluss vom Festland ins Meer eingespült. Die Fossilüberlieferung von E. ernsti, dessen Knochen in einer Konkretion gefunden wurden, wird hingegen als Speiballen eines großen Meeresreptils interpretiert.
An improved highly sensitive method to determine low oxyresveratrol concentrations in rat plasma and its pharmacokinetic application
Authors: Tian Fangzhen , Wei Hongtu , Jia Tanghong , Tian Hua 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTExisting methods to determine oxyresveratrol, a trans‐polyphenolic stilbene, lack selectivity, require large plasma sample volumes or have time‐consuming sample preparation and chromatographic isolation. Here an improved highly sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to determine low oxyresveratrol concentrations in rat plasma. The plasma samples were prepared by liquid–liquid extraction with acetoacetate. The analytes were separated on Venusil hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) column (2.1 × 50 mm, 5.0 µm) guarded by a HILIC column (4 × 3.0 mm, 5.0 µm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile–water (containing 1 mmol/L ammonium formate) at gradient elution mode with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Resveratrol was used as the internal standard. An electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in the negative multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Oxyresveratrol and resveratrol were detected on MRM by the transitions from the precursor to the product ion (m/z 243.1 → 175.1 and 227.1 → 143.0). The total running time was 5 min and the retention times of oxyresveratrol and resveratrol were 1.97 and 1.82 min. Chromatograms showed no endogenous interfering peaks with blank samples. The linear calibration curve was obtained over the concentration range of 1–500 ng/mL. The injection volume was 10 μL and the limit of quantification was 1 ng/mL. The extraction recovery varied from 78.2 to 84.3% for low, medium and high quality control samples. At the same time, the intra‐ and inter‐day relative standard deviations were <6.78 and <10.02%, respectively, while the corresponding intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy relative error values fell in the range of 3.75–6.67%. The HPLC‐MS/MS method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetics study, in which the experimental rats received a single dose of oxyresveratrol (10 mg/kg, intragastric administration). The pharmacokinetic results are presented. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
European doctoral forum at the 14th international society of scientometrics and informetrics conference
Authors: Schlögl Christian 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryThe International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics (ISSI) conference welcomed the European Doctoral Forum in Vienna in July 2013. ASIS&T SIG/MET and ASIS&T's European Student Chapter joined the University of Vienna's Center for Doctoral Studies in organizing the forum, which provided an opportunity for doctoral students to discuss their research and receive feedback from renowned scientometricians. Nine students representing five countries and a variety of disciplines presented their work. Topics included altmetrics, electronic visualization and regional differences in research over time. The scholarly exchanges were capped by lunch and traditional Viennese coffees.
Information architects: What we do and how we learn
Authors: Haller Thom 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryDefining the field of information architecture is as challenging as ever, but this ASIS&T Bulletin special section includes several successful efforts from different perspectives. The lead article recasts the widely shared practice of organizing information resources as a discipline itself, building a commonly applicable model with widely understandable, generic terminology for broad implementation across diverse fields. The gap between formal education and real‐life learning about information architecture is the focus of another article that presents a survey and audience feedback from World IA Day. Other contributions target the practical aspects of shepherding information content through organizational platform migrations, best accomplished by a multidisciplinary team with a common understanding of the information domain. Reflections upon 15 years teaching the subject of information architecture provide an opportunity to review lessons learned and consider how they apply beyond the field.
What sticks: Reflections from 15 years as an IA instructor
Authors: Haller Thom 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryIn his 15 years of teaching information architecture classes, Thom Haller's aim for students was to identify their goals and help them work toward them. His 10‐week courses focused on useful knowledge about how humans think and use information and how good information architecture can facilitate the process. The courses covered visual thinking, user actions, interconnections between information items and navigating mental models. From the theories and techniques introduced in the course, the most important points would continually surface when the class considered the question, “What sticks?” Weekly and at the end of a course, the students reflected on lessons with lasting value about the field, user experience and the practice of information architecture. In recent discussions with Haller, former students reported on enduring principles that stuck, resonating through their daily work. They agreed that the core tenet of information architecture — that making things simple and understandable creates the best user experience — is equally true in other domains. The concept is graphically represented by a triangle of connected fingers, symbolizing audience, goals and success metrics around a communication product.
Migrations: Not just for developers any more
Authors: Land Paula 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryMigrating content between sites is a complex process requiring the carefully timed and coordinated work of a multidisciplinary team. Not just the work of IT specialists, site migration is best handled by developers, a project manager, business analyst, information architect and content strategist working together. Planning starts with a current site inventory and audit, when the content strategist assesses content, types, metadata and functions served. The information architect focuses on site structure, taxonomy, navigation and usability. The taxonomy should be implemented with an eye to serving organization, tagging and templates for author submissions and presentation. The migration process presents an opportunity to update and enhance the site. Best results depend on good decisions made early in the process by information specialists working with others for a site that serves users as well as the sponsor's goals.
Data curators at work: Focus on projects and experiences
Authors: Kouper Inna , Akers Katherine , Lavin Matthew 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryThree postdoctoral fellows in a program sponsored by the Council on Library and Information Resources/Digital Library Foundation are exploring and contributing to the field of digital curation through very different perspectives. With a neuroscience background, Katherine Akers is encouraging scientists to preserve and share research datasets and analyzing the use of library resources. For Inna Kouper, building cyberstructure and facilitating and promoting user engagement are primary. Matthew Lavin is working to make digital tools and approaches serve the needs of humanists, focusing on digitally conveying the physical features and histories of books. With different definitions of data and a variety of research goals, the scholars apply hybrid professional approaches to digital curation, stimulating expanded information, intellectual cross fertilization and a broader view of data, research and knowledge.
Variation of the Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Natural Populations of Tunisian Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae)
Authors: Rokbeni Nesrine , M'rabet Yassine , Dziri Salma , Chaabane Hedia , Jemli Marwa , Fernandez Xavier , Boulila Abdennacer 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe essential oils of Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae) seeds sampled from ten wild populations spread over northern Tunisia were characterized by GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses. In total, 36 compounds were identified in the D. carota seed essential oils, with a predominance of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in most samples (22.63–89.93% of the total oil composition). The main volatile compounds identified were β‐bisabolene (mean content of 39.33%), sabinene (8.53%), geranyl acetate (7.12%), and elemicin (6.26%). The volatile composition varied significantly across the populations, even for oils of populations harvested in similar areas. The chemometric principal component analysis and the hierarchical clustering identified four groups, each corresponding to a composition‐specific chemotype. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the isolated essential oils was preliminarily evaluated, using the disk‐diffusion method, against one Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium), as well as against a pathogenic yeast (Candida albicans). All tested essential oils exhibited interesting antibacterial and antifungal activities against the assayed microorganisms.
Enzymatic Modification of Palmarosa Essential Oil: Chemical Analysis and Olfactory Evaluation of Acylated Products
Authors: Ramilijaona Jade , Raynaud Elsa , Bouhlel Charfeddine , Sarrazin Elise , Fernandez Xavier , Antoniotti Sylvain 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe have developed an enzymatic protocol to modify the composition of palmarosa essential oil by acylation of its alcohol components by three different acyl donors at various rates. The resulting modified products were characterized by qualitative and quantitative analyses by gas chromatography, and their olfactory properties were evaluated by professional perfumers. We showed that our protocol resulted in two types of modifications of the olfactory properties. The first and most obvious effect observed was the decrease of the alcohol content, with the concomitant increase of the corresponding esters, along with their fruity notes (pear, most notably). The second and less obvious effect was the expression of notes from minor components ((E)‐β‐ocimene, linalool, β‐caryophyllene, and farnesene), originally masked by the sweet‐floral‐rose odor of geraniol, present in 70% in the palmarosa essential oil used, and emergence of citrus, green, spicy and clove characters in the modified products. This methodology might be considered in the future as a sustainable route to new natural ingredients for the perfumer.
5α‐Androst‐16‐en‐3α‐ol β‐D‐Glucuronide, Precursor of 5α‐Androst‐16‐en‐3α‐ol in Human Sweat
Authors: Starkenmann Christian , Mayenzet Fabienne , Brauchli Robert , Troccaz Myriam 
Published: December 2013

Abstract5α‐Androst‐16‐en‐3α‐ol (α‐androstenol) is an important contributor to human axilla sweat odor. It is assumed that α‐andostenol is excreted from the apocrine glands via a H2O‐soluble conjugate, and this precursor was formally characterized in this study for the first time in human sweat. The possible H2O‐soluble precursors, sulfate and glucuronide derivatives, were synthesized as analytical standards, i.e., α‐androstenol, β‐androstenol sulfates, 5α‐androsta‐5,16‐dien‐3β‐ol (β‐androstadienol) sulfate, α‐androstenol β‐glucuronide, α‐androstenol α‐glucuronide, β‐androstadienol β‐glucuronide, and α‐androstenol β‐glucuronide furanose. The occurrence of α‐androstenol β‐glucuronide was established by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/MS (heated electrospray ionization (HESI)) in negative‐ion mode in pooled human sweat, containing eccrine and apocrine secretions and collected from 25 female and 24 male underarms. Its concentration was of 79 ng/ml in female secretions and 241 ng/ml in male secretions. The release of α‐androstenol was observed after incubation of the sterile human sweat or α‐androstenol β‐glucuronide with a commercial glucuronidase enzyme, the urine‐isolated bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae, and the skin bacteria Staphylococcus warneri DSM 20316, Staphylococcus haemolyticus DSM 20263, and Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919, reported to have β‐glucuronidase activities. We demonstrated that if α‐ and β‐androstenols and androstadienol sulfates were present in human sweat, their concentrations would be too low to be considered as potential precursors of malodors; therefore, the H2O‐soluble precursor of α‐androstenol in apocrine secretion should be a β‐glucuronide.
Sebaceous Lipid Profiling of Bat Integumentary Tissues: Quantitative Analysis of Free Fatty Acids, Monoacylglycerides, Squalene, and Sterols
Authors: Pannkuk Evan L. , Gilmore David F. , Fuller Nathan W. , Savary Brett J. , Risch Thomas S. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWhite‐nose syndrome (WNS) is a fungal disease caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans and is devastating North American bat populations. Sebaceous lipids secreted from host integumentary tissues are implicated in the initial attachment and recognition of host tissues by pathogenic fungi. We are interested in determining if ratios of lipid classes in sebum can be used as biomarkers to diagnose severity of fungal infection in bats. To first establish lipid compositions in bats, we isolated secreted and integral lipid fractions from the hair and wing tissues of three species: big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), Eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis), and evening bats (Nycticeius humeralis). Sterols, FFAs, MAGs, and squalene were derivatized as trimethylsilyl esters, separated by gas chromatography, and identified by mass spectrometry. Ratios of sterol to squalene in different tissues were determined, and cholesterol as a disease biomarker was assessed. Free sterol was the dominant lipid class of bat integument. Squalene/sterol ratio is highest in wing sebum. Secreted wing lipid contained higher proportions of saturated FFAs and MAGs than integral wing or secreted hair lipid. These compounds are targets for investigating responses of P. destructans to specific host lipid compounds and as biomarkers to diagnose WNS.
A Differential Fluorescent Receptor for Nucleic Acid Analysis
Authors: Bengtson Hillary N. , Kolpashchikov Dmitry M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDifferential receptors use an array of sensors to recognize analytes. Each sensor in the array can recognize not one, but several analytes with different rates, so a single analyte triggers a response of several sensors in the array. The receptor thus produces a pattern of signals that is unique for each analyte, thereby enabling identification of a specific analyte by producing a “fingerprint” pattern. We applied this approach for the analysis of DNA sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that differ by single nucleotide substitutions in the 81‐bp hot‐spot region that imparts rifampin resistance. The technology takes advantage of the new multicomponent, selfassembling sensor, which produces a fluorescent signal in the presence of specific DNA sequences. A differential fluorescent receptor (DFR) contained an array of three such sensors and differentiated at least eight DNA sequences. The approach requires only one molecular‐beacon‐like fluorescent reporter, which can be used by all three sensors. The DFR developed in this study represents a cost‐efficient alternative to molecular diagnostic technologies that use fluorescent hybridization probes.
Magnetic navigation facilitates percutaneous coronary intervention for complex lesions
Authors: Sandhu Gurpreet S. , Sanon Saurabh , Holmes David R. , Gulati Rajiv , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Lennon Ryan J. , Rihal Charanjit S. 
Published: December 2013

BackgroundWe sought to determine the utility of a magnetic navigation system (MNS) in treating a variety of coronary artery lesions including those that could not be revascularized with standard percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). MNS may add value in the treatment of tortuous arteries and bifurcation lesions; however its widespread adoption has lagged because of cost and a lack of clear advantage over conventional PCI. We performed a retrospective analysis to determine whether MNS improved procedural success for highly complex lesions.Methods and ResultsOne hundred and forty‐eight patients underwent treatment with MNS at Mayo Clinic, Rochester. Clinical data, angiographic and procedural characteristics, lesion crossing success and outcomes were reviewed. Overall 133 patients underwent successful revascularization with 87% (143) of 164 lesions crossed using MNS alone. Another six lesions required a combination of MNS and conventional devices resulting in overall success of 91% (149/164). Eighteen complex lesions had previously failed PCI and 12 (67%) were successfully treated with MNS. Success after failed PCI was higher (88%) when a frequent user operated MNS, but occasional users also noted incremental success (30%). Twenty‐five chronic total occlusions were included amongst these 164 lesions, with observed antegrade MNS lesion crossing rates of 78% for regular and 14% for occasional users.ConclusionsMNS is a useful adjunct to performance of PCI. This specialized technology has a clear learning curve and can facilitate treatment of highly complex lesions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical outcomes in real‐world patients with small vessel disease treated with XIENCE V® everolimus‐eluting stents: One year results from the XIENCE V® USA condition of approval post‐market study
Authors: Hermiller James B. , Rutledge David R. , Mao Vivian W. , Zhao Weiying , Wang Jin , Gruberg Luis , Lombardi William , Sharma Samin K. , Krucoff Mitchell W. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the 1‐year clinical outcomes of more complex XIENCE V USA real‐world patients with small versus nonsmall vessel lesions.BackgroundPatients with small vessel lesions undergoing coronary stent placement are at higher risk of major adverse cardiac events. Improved safety and efficacy of XIENCE V everolimus eluting stents (EES) have been previously demonstrated in selected low‐risk small vessel populations in randomized clinical trials.MethodsThe XIENCE V USA study was a condition of approval, single‐arm study in unselected real‐world patients. Baseline and 1‐year clinical outcomes were compared between XIENCE V USA patients who received a single 2.5 mm stent (small vessel group, N = 838) and patients implanted with a single >2.5 mm stent (non‐small vessel group, N = 2,015). Mean reference vessel diameter was 2.55 ± 0.36 and 3.25 ± 0.46 mm in the small and non‐small vessel groups, respectively (P < 0.001).ResultsSmall vessel group had more females, presented with a higher rate of diabetes, and had more complex lesion characteristics. The definite or probable ST rates analyzed using Kaplan–Meier method were low and not significantly different between the groups at 0.37 and 0.40% for the small and nonsmall vessel group (P = 0.88), respectively. The composite rate of cardiac death or MI was comparable at 4.5% for the small and 5.1% for the non‐small vessel 1 groups (P = 0.57). The 1‐year target lesion revascularization rate was also comparable in the small vessel group (3.8% vs. 3.0%, P = 0.35).ConclusionsDespite gender difference, higher prevalence of diabetes and more complex lesions in the small vessel groups, the 1‐year clinical outcomes were similar in both small and nonsmall vessel groups. These results demonstrate the therapeutic benefit of XIENCE V EES in a real‐world all inclusive patient population with small vessel disease. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of the Nature and Location of Copper Species on the Catalytic Nitric Oxide Selective Catalytic Reduction Performance of the Copper/SSZ‐13 Zeolite
Authors: Guo Qiang , Fan Fengtao , Ligthart D. A. J. Michel , Li Guanna , Feng Zhaochi , Hensen Emiel J. M. , Li Can 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe nature and location of copper in Cu/SSZ‐13 zeolites synthesized by using a one‐pot hydrothermal approach with Cu–tetraethylenepentamine as a template and by the ion exchange of SSZ‐13 were investigated by applying H2‐temperature‐programmed reduction, FTIR, EPR, and in situ Raman spectroscopic techniques. The one‐pot synthesized Cu/SSZ‐13 zeolite contains predominantly isolated copper ions in the large cages, whereas copper species in the ion‐exchanged Cu/SSZ‐13 zeolite occupy sites in the large cages of the chabazite (CHA) structure and the six‐membered rings of the CHA structure. If the one‐pot synthesized Cu/SSZ‐13 zeolite is exchanged with the NH4NO3 solution in addition to the removal of a part of copper ions, the remaining copper ions in the CHA structure relocated from the large cages to the six‐membered rings. Isolated copper dominated in all Cu/SSZ‐13 zeolites. The in situ Raman spectra demonstrated that CuOCu dimers form at higher copper content. The bis‐μ‐oxo dicopper(III) complex is observed only in the ion‐exchanged sample upon dehydration. The higher NO selective catalytic reduction activity of the one‐pot synthesized sample in a wide temperature range appears to be due to the predominance of isolated Cu2+ sites in the large cages, and their higher reactivity is possibly owing to the lower stability of Cu2+ at these sites.
On the Physicochemical Properties of Pyridohelicenes
Authors: Vacek Chocholoušová Jana , Vacek Jaroslav , Andronova Angelina , Míšek Jiří , Songis Olivier , Šámal Michal , Stará Irena G. , Meyer Michel , Bourdillon Mélanie , Pospíšil Lubomír , Starý Ivo 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA comprehensive study on the physicochemical properties of a series of mono‐ and diaza[5]helicenes as well as mono‐ and diaza[6]helicenes is reported. Through the use of both computational and experimental methods, these helically chiral pyridohelicenes with the nitrogen atom(s) in various positions are characterised according to their inversion barriers, protonation constants and redox potentials. By using DFT calculations, kinetic measurements, UV/Vis titrations, cyclic voltammetry and EPR spectroscopy, a self‐contained picture of their behaviour under conventional treatment by heat, acids and oxidising/reducing agents is provided.
Sequence‐Specific DNA Recognition by Cyclic Pyrrole–Imidazole Cysteine‐Derived Polyamide Dimers
Authors: Yamamoto Makoto , Bando Toshikazu , Morinaga Hironobu , Kawamoto Yusuke , Hashiya Kaori , Sugiyama Hiroshi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPyrrole–imidazole (PI) polyamides bind to the minor groove of the DNA duplex in a sequence‐specific manner and thus have the potential to regulate gene expression. To date, various types of PI polyamides have been designed as sequence‐specific DNA binding ligands. One of these, cysteine cyclic PI polyamides containing two β‐alanine molecules, were designed to recognize a 7 bp DNA sequence with high binding affinity. In this study, an efficient cyclization reaction between a cysteine and a chloroacetyl residue was used for dimerization in the synthesis of a unit that recognizes symmetrical DNA sequences. To evaluate specific DNA binding properties, dimeric PI polyamide binding was measured by using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method. Extending this molecular design, we synthesized a large dimeric PI polyamide that can recognize a 14 bp region in duplex DNA.