bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐time robust 3D object tracking and estimation for surveillance system
Authors: Park Jin‐hyung , Rho Seungmin , Jeong Chang‐sung 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTWe present a new 3D object tracking algorithm that supports multiple planar and nonplanar objects with real‐time processing speed and high accuracy. The main problem of object tracking algorithm is the limitation of the supporting type of target object, slow processing speed, and low tracking accuracy. Our algorithm provides high accuracy and real‐time performance while detecting not only planar objects but also nonplanar objects. The real‐time performance is accomplished by using Features from Accelerated Segment Test corner detection, region of interest, and parallel processing on a multicore processor. High accuracy is realized by using a scale‐invariant feature transform descriptor, random sample consensus, region of interest, and double robust filtering. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐Dimensional Nano‐Interconnection Formation
Authors: Ji Jianlong , Zhou Zhaoying , Yang Xing , Zhang Wendong , Sang Shengbo , Li Pengwei 
Published: April 2013

AbstractInterconnection of one‐dimensional nanomaterials such as nanowires and carbon nanotubes with other parts or components is crucial for nanodevices to realize electrical contacts and mechanical fixings. Interconnection has been being gradually paid great attention since it is as significant as nanomaterials properties, and determines nanodevices performance in some cases. This paper provides an overview of recent progress on techniques that are commonly used for one‐dimensional interconnection formation. In this review, these techniques could be categorized into two different types: two‐step and one‐step methods according to their established process. The two‐step method is constituted by assembly and pinning processes, while the one‐step method is a direct formation process of nano‐interconnections. In both methods, the electrodeposition approach is illustrated in detail, and its potential mechanism is emphasized.
Amplification of Resonant Rayleigh Light Scattering Response Using Immunogold Colloids for Detection of Lysozyme
Authors: Truong Phuoc Long , Choi Seung Phill , Sim Sang Jun 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA strategy for attomolar‐level detection of small molecule‐size proteins is reported based on Rayleigh light scattering spectroscopy of individual nanoplasmonic aptasensors by exploiting the outstanding characteristics of gold colloids to amplify the nontransparent resonant signal at ultralow analyte concentrations. The fabrication method utilizes thiol‐mediated adsorption of a DNA aptamer on the immobilized Au nanoparticle surface, the interfacial binding characteristics of the aptamer with its target molecules, and the antibody–antigen interaction through plasmonic resonance coupling of the Au nanoparticles. Using lysozyme as a model analyte for disease detection, the detection limit of the aptasensor is ∼7 × 103 aM, corresponding to the LSPR λmax shift of ∼2.25 nm. Up to a 380% increase in the localized resonant λmax shift is demonstrated upon antibody binding to the analyte compared to the primary response during signal amplification using immunogold colloids. This enhancement leads to a limit of detection of ∼7 aM, which is an improvement of three orders of magnitude. The results demonstrate substantial promise for developing coupled plasmonic nanostructures for ultrasensitive detection of various biological and chemical analytes.
Triggering and Monitoring Plasmon‐Enhanced Reactions by Optical Nanoantennas Coupled to Photocatalytic Beads
Authors: Salmistraro Marco , Schwartzberg Adam , Bao Wei , Depero Laura E. , Weber‐Bargioni Alexander , Cabrini Stefano , Alessandri Ivano 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPlasmonic metal/semiconductor nanocomposites promise to be a breakthrough for boosting and investigating photon‐assisted processes at the nanoscale, with exciting perspectives for energy conversion and catalysis. However, the efficiency and selectivity of these surface processes are still far from being controlled. Here, shown for the first time, is a new class of photocatalyst which is based on the synergistic combination of bowtie‐like gold nanoantennas and SiO2/TiO2 core/shell oxide beads. These systems are exploited as efficient near‐field optical light concentrators, stimulating photon‐driven processes at the metal‐semiconductor interface. Extraordinary enhancements of photodegradation rates (minutes instead of hours) result from matching the nanoantenna surface plasmon resonance with the optical absorption of organic dyes and the excitation source wavelength. Moreover, strong Raman enhancements are observed allowing for direct in‐situ monitoring of reaction progress of different analytes on the same site.
Ubiquitin E3 Ligase Itch Negatively Regulates Osteoblast Differentiation from Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells
Authors: Zhang Hengwei , Xing Lianping 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Itch, a HECT family E3 ligase, affects numerous cell functions by regulating ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of target proteins. However, the role of Itch in osteoblasts has not been investigated. We report that Itch−/− mice have significantly increased bone volume, osteoblast numbers, and bone formation rate. Using bone marrow stromal cells from Itch−/− mice and wild-type (WT) littermates as bone marrow mesenchymal precursor cells (BM-MPCs), we found that BM-MPCs from Itch−/− mice have compatible numbers of cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell markers. However, Itch−/− BM-MPCs grew faster in an in vitro culture, formed more CFU-F mesenchymal colonies, and exhibited increased osteoblast differentiation and decreased adipogenesis. Importantly, Itch−/− mesenchymal colony cells formed significantly more new bone in a tibial defect of recipient mice compared with WT cells. The expression levels of JunB, an AP-1 transcription factor that positively regulate osteoblast differentiation, were significantly increased in Itch−/− BM-MPCs when proteasome function is intact. In contrast, the amount of ubiquitinated JunB protein was markedly decreased in Itch−/− cells when proteasome function was blocked. Overexpression of WT Itch, but not an Itch ligase-inactive mutant, rescued differentiation defects of Itch−/− BM-MPCs. Itch−/− BM-MPCs had a similar role in immune modulation as WT cells. Thus, Itch negatively controls osteoblast differentiation from BM-MPCs through the regulation of proteasomal degradation of positive osteoblast regulator JunB protein. Itch is a potential new target for bone anabolic drug development to treat patients with bone loss.
A New Immuno-, Dystrophin-Deficient Model, the NSG-mdx
4Cv Mouse, Provides Evidence for Functional Improvement Following Allogeneic Satellite Cell Transplantation
Authors: Arpke Robert W. , Darabi Radbod , Mader Tara L. , Zhang Yu , Toyama Akira , Lonetree Cara-lin , Nash Nardina , Lowe Dawn A. , Perlingeiro Rita C.R. , Kyba Michael 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Transplantation of a myogenic cell population into an immunodeficient recipient is an excellent way of assessing the in vivo muscle-generating capacity of that cell population. To facilitate both allogeneic and xenogeneic transplantations of muscle-forming cells in mice, we have developed a novel immunodeficient muscular dystrophy model, the NSG-mdx4Cv mouse. The IL2Rg mutation, which is linked to the Dmd gene on the X chromosome, simultaneously depletes NK cells and suppresses thymic lymphomas, issues that limit the utility of the SCID/mdx model. The NSG-mdx4Cv mouse presents a muscular dystrophy of similar severity to the conventional mdx mouse. We show that this animal supports robust engraftment of both pig and dog muscle mononuclear cells. The question of whether satellite cells prospectively isolated by flow cytometry can confer a functional benefit upon transplantation has been controversial. Using allogeneic Pax7-ZsGreen donors and NSG-mdx4Cv recipients, we demonstrate definitively that as few as 900 FACS-isolated satellite cells can provide functional regeneration in vivo, in the form of an increased mean maximal force-generation capacity in cell-transplanted muscles, compared to a sham-injected control group. These studies highlight the potency of satellite cells to improve muscle function and the utility of the NSG-mdx4Cv model for studies on muscle regeneration and Duchenne muscular dystrophy therapy.
Therapeutic Activities of Engrafted Neural Stem/Precursor Cells Are Not Dormant in the Chronically Injured Spinal Cord
Authors: Kumamaru Hiromi , Saiwai Hirokazu , Kubota Kensuke , Kobayakawa Kazu , Yokota Kazuya , Ohkawa Yasuyuki , Shiba Keiichiro , Iwamoto Yukihide , Okada Seiji 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The transplantation of neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy for many neurodegenerative disorders including spinal cord injury (SCI) because it provides for neural replacement or trophic support. This strategy is now being extended to the treatment of chronic SCI patients. However, understanding of biological properties of chronically transplanted NSPCs and their surrounding environments is limited. Here, we performed temporal analysis of injured spinal cords and demonstrated their multiphasic cellular and molecular responses. In particular, chronically injured spinal cords were growth factor-enriched environments, whereas acutely injured spinal cords were enriched by neurotrophic and inflammatory factors. To determine how these environmental differences affect engrafted cells, NSPCs transplanted into acutely, subacutely, and chronically injured spinal cords were selectively isolated by flow cytometry, and their whole transcriptomes were compared by RNA sequencing. This analysis revealed that NSPCs produced many regenerative/neurotrophic molecules irrespective of transplantation timing, and these activities were prominent in chronically transplanted NSPCs. Furthermore, chronically injured spinal cords permitted engrafted NSPCs to differentiate into neurons/oligodendrocytes and provided more neurogenic environment for NSPCs than other environments. Despite these results demonstrate that transplanted NSPCs have adequate capacity in generating neurons/oligodendrocytes and producing therapeutic molecules in chronic SCI microenvironments, they did not improve locomotor function. Our results indicate that failure in chronic transplantation is not due to the lack of therapeutic activities of engrafted NSPCs but the refractory state of chronically injured spinal cords. Environmental modulation, rather modification of transplanting cells, will be significant for successful translation of stem cell-based therapies into chronic SCI patients.
Opportunities and challenges to implementing bird conservation on private lands
Authors: Ciuzio Elizabeth , Hohman William L. , Martin Brian , Smith Mark D. , Stephens Scott , Strong Allan M. , Vercauteren Tammy 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWith >70% of the United States held in private ownership, land‐use decisions of landowners will ultimately dictate the future of bird conservation in North America. However, land‐use objectives of landowners vary considerably and present opportunities and challenges for bird conservationists. Innovative strategies incorporating proactive approaches to address educational, financial, social, and economic needs of landowners are required to garner participation in conservation programs and practices to create or enhance bird habitat on privately owned working lands. Farm Bill conservation programs and practices provide unprecedented opportunities to facilitate bird conservation at regional and national scales and frequently serve as the primary vehicle for many non‐governmental organizations to accomplish their bird conservation goals. We identify current challenges and opportunities for bird conservation on private lands and present 4 case studies whereby partnerships with federal agencies, mainly the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service, have proven successful in eliciting positive, measurable outcomes to bird conservation efforts on private lands spanning many North American physiographic regions. The future of bird conservation will increasingly rely upon the ability of federal agencies to prioritize and allocate additional resources to deliver bird conservation programs on private lands and a greater awareness by conservationists of the role of economics in the decision‐making process of landowners. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Effects of riparian buffer width on activity and detection of common bats in the southern Appalachian Mountains
Authors: O'Keefe Joy M. , Loeb Susan C. , Gerard Patrick D. , Lanham J. Drew 
Published: April 2013

AbstractRiparian zones are important to bats, which use them for foraging, roosting, and drinking. To predict effects of timber harvests in riparian areas on bats, more information is needed on the functional width of riparian zones for bats, and how bats respond to forest removal near small perennial streams. From May to August (2004–2007), we studied bat presence and activity in 1 unharvested site and 3 harvested sites with different riparian‐buffer sizes (0 m, 10 m, and 30 m) in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the United States. We measured activity at 3 distances from the stream in each site (0 m, stream; 23 m, mid; and 46 m, far), classified bat calls by phonic group, and tested the effect of harvest on overall activity, detection, and naïve occupancy rates for 4 phonic groups. Pre‐harvest activity was higher at the far versus stream or mid positions. Position, harvest, and interactions affected post‐harvest change in activity in the treatment sites. Pre‐ and post‐harvest activity was similar at all positions in the 30‐m site. Activity increased significantly in the 0‐m and 10‐m sites, likely due to the presence of edge after harvest. Detection probabilities were higher post‐harvest for larger bats and occupancy of 0‐m and 10‐m sites was higher post‐harvest for all phonic groups except Myotis. Post‐harvest responses suggest that the functional width of riparian zones in our study area is ≥10 m. This study is the first to test the effects of harvesting on use of riparian forests by bats; further long‐term landscape‐scale studies are needed. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Spatially explicit analysis of contributions of a regional conservation strategy toward sustaining northern goshawk habitat
Authors: Smith Winston P. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractSetting aside habitat is a common strategy to maintain viable wildlife populations, but underlying assumptions or effectiveness are rarely evaluated. The Tongass National Forest prioritized habitat management for sensitive species in Southeast Alaska's rainforest, and standards and guidelines were established for northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis). I used guidelines from other portions of its range and data from Southeast Alaska, USA, to evaluate the conservation strategy. I used published data and nests from this study to define choice habitats; published juvenile movements and female use areas were used to estimate an “average” post‐fledging area and female breeding range, respectively. I used nest‐tree locations (n = 136) to delineate corresponding virtual post‐fledging areas and female home ranges, within which I calculated acreage of 4 cover‐type and 4 land‐use categories. About 30% of nests had >51% of post‐fledging areas in choice habitat; 60% of nests had >51% in unsecure (unprotected from development) land‐use designations, whereas 16% had >51% in a protected old‐growth designation. The female range was similar to post‐fledging areas, but the proportions predominantly (>75%) available for development (land use that modifies landscapes) or with 26–50% of total area in choice habitat were larger than post‐fledging areas, and half as many nests had >51% of area in choice habitat. Among cover types, choice habitat averaged 39.4% of the post‐fledging area. These findings increase uncertainty about conservation measures contributing sufficient habitat to sustain well‐distributed, viable populations of northern goshawks throughout Southeast Alaska and demonstrate the need and feasibility of evaluating assumptions of conservation plans. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pdr16p restricts changes in ergosterol biosynthesis caused by the presence of azole antifungals
Authors: Šimová Zuzana , Poloncová Katarína , Tahotná Dana , Holič Roman , Hapala Ivan , Smith Adam R. , White Theodore C. , Griač Peter 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPdr16p belongs to the family of phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins in yeast. The absence of Pdr16p results in enhanced susceptibility to azole antifungals in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the major fungal human pathogen Candida albicans, CaPDR16 is a contributing factor to clinical azole resistance. The current study was aimed at better understanding the function of Pdr16p, especially in relation to azole resistance in S. cerevisiae. We show that deletion of the PDR16 gene increased susceptibility of S. cerevisiae to azole antifungals that are used in clinical medicine and agriculture. Significant differences in the inhibition of the sterol biosynthetic pathway were observed between the pdr16Δ strain and its corresponding wild‐type (wt) strain when yeast cells were challenged by sub‐inhibitory concentrations of the azoles miconazole or fluconazole. The increased susceptibility to azoles, and enhanced changes in sterol biosynthesis upon exposure to azoles of the pdr16Δ strain compared to wt strain, are not the results of increased intracellular concentration of azoles in the pdr16Δ cells. We also show that overexpression of PDR17 complemented the azole susceptible phenotype of the pdr16Δ strain and corrected the enhanced sterol alterations in pdr16Δ cells in the presence of azoles. Pdr17p was found previously to be an essential part of a complex required for intermembrane transport of phosphatidylserine at regions of membrane apposition. Based on these observations, we propose a hypothesis that Pdr16p assists in shuttling sterols or their intermediates between membranes or, alternatively, between sterol biosynthetic enzymes or complexes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dinuclear Macrocyclic Quinoline Bridged Mercury and Silver Bis(N‐heterocyclic Carbene) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Spectroscopic Studies
Authors: Lin Cai‐Xia , Kong Xiao‐Fei , Xu Feng‐Bo , Zhang Zheng‐Zhi , Yuan Yao‐Feng 
Published: April 2013

AbstractQuinoline bridged imidazolium precursors 5,8‐bis(N‐R‐imidazolylidenylmethylene)quinoline PF6– salts [H2L](PF6)2 [R = Me (1a), R = naphthylmethyl (1b)] were prepared by quaternization of N‐methylimidazole and N‐naphthylmethylimidazole with 5,8‐bis(bromomethyl)quinoline, respectively. Reaction of the imidazolium ligands 1a and 1b with Hg(OAc)2 and Ag2O in acetonitrile gave the macrocyclic transition metal carbene complexes [Hg2L2](PF6)4 (2a and 2b) and [Ag2L2](PF6)2 (3a and 3b), respectively. All the N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes were characterized in detail by NMR, ESI‐MS, and elemental analysis. Structures of complexes 2a and 3a were determined by X‐ray diffraction studies. Structural studies revealed that the coordination arrangement of the central mercury atom in complex 2a displays a tricoordinate mode and the molecular conformation results in a“closed” form with the bridging quinoline functionality in the macrocycle, whereas the silver complex 3a does not show an coordiantion between the bridging quinoline and the AgI ion, which results in an “open” conformation of the macrocycle. The HgII and AgI NHC complexes showed similar UV absorption and luminescence in acetonitrile solutions.
Disability and Pain after Cortisone versus Placebo Injection for Trapeziometacarpal Arthrosis and De Quervain Syndrome
Authors: Makarawung Dennis J. S. , Becker Stéphanie J. E. , Bekkers Stijn , Ring David 
Published: April 2013

Background This study tested the null hypothesis that type of injection (corticosteroid vs. placebo) is not a predictor of arm-specific disability as measured with the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire 1 to 3 months after injection of dexamethasone or placebo for treatment of trapeziometacarpal (TMC) arthrosis or de Quervain syndrome. Secondly, we tested if type of injection was a predictor of pain intensity. Methods Thirty-six English-speaking adults with TMC arthrosis or de Quervain syndrome were randomized for a dexamethasone or a placebo injection. At time of the injection, patients completed a demographic data sheet and validated questionnaires assessing arm-specific disability, pain intensity, depressive symptoms, pain catastrophizing, and patient's health-related beliefs. At an average of 1.4±0.42 months (range, 0.79–2.5 months) after the injection, patients completed questionnaires regarding arm-specific disability, pain, and treatment satisfaction. Grip and pinch strength measurements were measured at both time points. Bivariable and multivariable analyses assessed predictors of arm-specific disability and pain intensity at follow-up. Results Type of injection was not a predictor of arm-specific disability or pain intensity 1 to 3 months after injection. The best model both for arm-specific disability and pain intensity at follow-up included pain catastrophizing and explained 18 % and 33 % of the variability, respectively. Conclusions Catastrophic thinking was a better predictor of both of arm-specific disability and pain intensity than diagnosis or type of injection (steroid vs. placebo) 1 to 3 months after an injection.
Synthesis, Autoorganization and Reactivity of Amphiphilic Derivatives of 1‐Aminoisoindole in Water and Formamide
Authors: Levkov Igor V. , Cassel Stephanie , Voitenko Zoia V. , Saffon Nathalie , Lattes Armand , Rico‐Lattes Isabelle 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn this work, we present the synthesis of cationic surfactants based on 1‐aminoisoindole. The physico‐chemical properties were studied by conductometry, tensiometry, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy in water and in formamide. The reactivity of these novel surfactants has been studied at concentrations below and above critical aggregation concentrations (CAC) and it was found that reactions can proceed in structured media without the addition of other catalysts.