bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthracycline-induced cardiovascular toxicity: validation of the Heart Failure Association and International Cardio-Oncology Society risk score
Authors: Rivero-Santana Borja , Saldaña-García Jesús , Caro-Codón Juan , Zamora Pilar , Moliner Pedro , Martínez Monzonis Amparo , Zatarain Eduardo , Álvarez-Ortega Carlos , Gómez-Prieto Pilar , Pernas Sonia , Rodriguez Isabel , Buño Soto Antonio , Cadenas Rosalía , Palacios Ozores Patricia , Pérez Ramírez Sara , Merino Salvador María , Valbuena Silvia , Fernández Gasso Lucía , Juárez Victor , Severo Andrea , Terol Belén , de Soto Álvarez Teresa , Rodríguez Olaia , Brion María , González-Costello José , Canales Albendea Miguel , González-Juanatey José R , Moreno Raúl , López-Sendón José , López-Fernández Teresa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Baseline cardiovascular toxicity risk stratification is critical in cardio-oncology. The Heart Failure Association (HFA) and International Cardio-Oncology Society (ICOS) score aims to assess this risk but lacks real-life validation. This study validates the HFA-ICOS score for anthracycline-induced cardiovascular toxicity.

Methods
Anthracycline-treated patients in the CARDIOTOX registry (NCT02039622) were stratified by the HFA-ICOS score. The primary endpoint was symptomatic or moderate to severe asymptomatic cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD), with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality as secondary endpoints.

Results
The analysis included 1066 patients (mean age 54 ± 14 years; 81.9% women; 24.5% ≥65 years). According to the HFA-ICOS criteria, 571 patients (53.6%) were classified as low risk, 333 (31.2%) as moderate risk, 152 (14.3%) as high risk, and 10 (0.9%) as very high risk. Median follow-up was 54.8 months (interquartile range 24.6–81.8). A total of 197 patients (18.4%) died, and 718 (67.3%) developed CTRCD (symptomatic: n = 45; moderate to severe asymptomatic: n = 24; and mild asymptomatic: n = 649). Incidence rates of symptomatic or moderate to severe symptomatic CTRCD and all-cause mortality significantly increased with HFA-ICOS score [hazard ratio 28.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.33–88.5; P &lt; .001, and hazard ratio 7.43, 95% CI 3.21–17.2; P &lt; .001) for very high-risk patients. The predictive model demonstrated good calibration (Brier score 0.04, 95% CI 0.03–0.05) and discrimination (area under the curve 0.78, 95% CI 0.70–0.82; Uno’s C-statistic 0.78, 95% CI 0.71–0.84) for predicting symptomatic or severe/moderate asymptomatic CTRCD at 12 months.

Conclusions
The HFA-ICOS score effectively categorizes patients by cardiovascular toxicity risk and demonstrates strong predictive ability for high-risk anthracycline-related cardiovascular toxicity and all-cause mortality.
Associations between psychosocial burden and prognostic biomarkers in patients with chronic coronary syndrome: a STABILITY substudy
Authors: Wassberg Charlotte , Batra Gorav , Hadziosmanovic Nermin , Hagström Emil , White Harvey D , Stewart Ralph A H , Siegbahn Agneta , Wallentin Lars , Held Claes 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate associations between psychosocial (PS) burden and biomarkers reflecting pathophysiological pathways in patients with chronic coronary syndrome.Methods and resultsPsychosocial factors were collected from self-assessed questionnaires and biomarkers representing inflammation [high-sensitivity (hs)-C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2)] and cardiac injury/stress [hs-troponin T (hs-TnT), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)] were measured in 12 492 patients with chronic coronary syndrome in the STABILITY trial. Associations between level of each PS factor [never–rarely (reference), sometimes, often–always] and biomarkers were evaluated using linear models with adjusted geometric mean ratios (GMR). A score comprising four factors (‘feeling down’, ‘loss of interest’, financial stress’, and ‘living alone’) that previously demonstrated association with cardiovascular (CV) outcome was created, and categorized into three levels: low, moderate, and high PS burden. Associations between PS score and biomarkers were evaluated similarly. Greater PS burden was significantly associated with a gradual increase in inflammatory biomarkers [GMR (95% confidence interval) for moderate vs. low PS burden; and high vs. low PS burden]: hs-CRP [1.09 (1.04–1.14); 1.12 (1.06–1.17)], IL-6 [1.05 (1.02–1.07); 1.08 (1.05–1.11)], LpPLA2 [1.01 (1.00–1.02); 1.02 (1.01–1.04)], and cardiac biomarkers hs-TnT [1.03 (1.01–1.06); 1.06 (1.03–1.09)] and NT-proBNP [1.09 (1.04–1.13); 1.21 (1.15–1.27)].ConclusionIn patients with chronic coronary syndrome, greater PS burden was associated with increased levels of inflammatory and cardiac biomarkers. While this observational study does not establish causal nature of these associations, the findings suggest inflammation and cardiac injury/stress as plausible pathways linking PS burden to an elevated CV risk that needs to be further explored.
The triggers of situational syncope do not influence the head-up tilt test response and prognosis
Authors: Russo Vincenzo , Parente Erika , Comune Angelo , Rago Anna , Nigro Gerardo , Brignole Michele 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
The study evaluated the positivity rate, haemodynamic responses, and prognosis in terms of syncopal recurrence among patients with situational syncope (SS) stratified according to the underlying situational triggers.

Methods and results
We retrospectively evaluated all consecutive patients with SS who underwent nitroglycerine (NTG)-potentiated head-up tilt test (HUTT) at Syncope Unit of the University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’—Monaldi Hospital from 1 March 2017 to 1 May 2023. All patients were followed for at least one year. The study population was divided according to the underlying triggers (micturition, swallow, defaecation, cough/sneeze, post-exercise). Two hundred thirty-six SS patients (mean age 50 ± 19.3 years; male 63.1%) were enrolled; among them, the situational trigger was micturition in 109 patients (46.2%); swallow in 32 (13.6%) patients; defaecation in 35 (14.8%) patients; post-exercise in 41 (17.4%) patients; and cough/sneeze in 17 (7.2%) patients. There were no significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics and HUTT responses between different situational triggers. The Kaplan–Meier analysis did not show a statistically different rate of syncope recurrence across patients stratified by baseline situational triggers (log-rank P = 0.21).

Conclusion
Situational syncope appears to be a homogenous syndrome, and different triggers do not impact the HUTT response or syncope recurrence at 1 year.
The association of depression and patient and resuscitation characteristics with survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a cohort study
Authors: Alotaibi Raied , Halbesma Nynke , Jackson Caroline A , Clegg Gareth , Stieglis Remy , van Schuppen Hans , Tan Hanno L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death worldwide, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) being a key risk factor. This study aims to investigate disparities in patient/OHCA characteristics and survival after OHCA among patients with vs. without depression.

Methods and results
This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the AmsteRdam REsuscitation Studies (ARREST) registry from 2008 to 2018. History of comorbidities, including depression, was obtained from the patient’s general practitioner. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival was defined as survival at 30 days post-OHCA or hospital discharge. Logistic regression models were used to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the association between depression and OHCA survival and possible effect modification by age, sex, and comorbidities. The potential mediating effects of initial heart rhythm and provision of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation were explored. Among 5594 OHCA cases, 582 individuals had pre-existing depression. Patients with depression had less favourable patient and OHCA characteristics and lower odds of survival after adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities [OR 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51–0.82], with similar findings by sex and age groups. The association remained significant among the Utstein comparator group (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.45–0.89) and patients with return of spontaneous circulation (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.42–0.85). Initial rhythm and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation partially mediated the observed association (by 27 and 7%, respectively).

Conclusion
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with depression presented more frequently with unfavourable patient and OHCA characteristics and had reduced chances of survival. Further investigation into potential pathways is warranted.
Genomic Underpinnings of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility: CIF Gene-Neighborhood Diversification Through Extensive Lateral Transfers and Recombination in Wolbachia
Authors: Tan Yongjun , Aravind L , Zhang Dapeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), a non-Mendelian genetic phenomenon, involves the manipulation of host reproduction by Wolbachia, a maternally transmitted alphaproteobacterium. The underlying mechanism is centered around the CI Factor (CIF) system governed by two genes, cifA and cifB, where cifB induces embryonic lethality, and cifA counteracts it. Recent investigations have unveiled intriguing facets of this system, including diverse cifB variants, prophage association in specific strains, copy number variation, and rapid component divergence, hinting at a complex evolutionary history. We utilized comparative genomics to systematically classify CIF systems, analyze their locus structure and domain architectures, and reconstruct their diversification and evolutionary trajectories. Our new classification identifies ten distinct CIF types, featuring not just versions present in Wolbachia, but also other intracellular bacteria, and eukaryotic hosts. Significantly, our analysis of CIF loci reveals remarkable variability in gene composition and organization, encompassing an array of diverse endonucleases, variable toxin domains, deubiquitinating peptidases (DUBs), prophages, and transposons. We present compelling evidence that the components within the loci have been diversifying their sequences and domain architectures through extensive, independent lateral transfers and interlocus recombination involving gene conversion. The association with diverse transposons and prophages, coupled with selective pressures from host immunity, likely underpins the emergence of CIF loci as recombination hotspots. Our investigation also posits the origin of CifB-REase domains from mobile elements akin to CR (Crinkler-RHS-type) effectors and Tribolium Medea1 factor, which is linked to another non-Mendelian genetic phenomenon. This comprehensive genomic analysis offers novel insights into the molecular evolution and genomic foundations of Wolbachia-mediated host reproductive control.
Deep low velocity layer in the sublithospheric mantle beneath India
Authors: Kumar M Ravi , Singh Arun , Saikia Dipankar 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARY
Globally, there is now a growing evidence for a low velocity layer in the deeper parts of the upper mantle, above the 410 km discontinuity (hereafter called LVL-410). The origin of this layer is primarily attributed to interaction of slabs or plumes with a hydrous mantle transition zone (MTZ) that results in dehydration melting induced by water transport upward out of the MTZ. However, the ubiquitous nature of this layer and its causative remain contentious. In this study, we use high quality receiver functions (RFs) sampling diverse tectonic units of the Indian subcontinent to identify Ps conversions from the LVL-410. Bootstrap and differential slowness stacking of RFs migrated to depth using a 3-D velocity model reveal unequivocal presence of a deep low velocity layer at depths varying from 290 to 400 km. This layer appears more pervasive and deeper beneath the Himalaya, where detached subducted slabs in the MTZ have been previously reported. Interestingly, the layer is shallower in plume affected regions like the Deccan Volcanic Province and Southern Granulite Terrane. Even though a common explanation does not appear currently feasible, our observations reaffirm deep low velocity layers in the bottom part of the upper mantle and add to the list of regions that show strong presence of such layers above the 410 km discontinuity.
#GlobalJustice?: Social Media, Pedagogy, and Activism
Authors: Le Bourdon Madeleine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article addresses the evolvement of pedagogical content on global social injustices across social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. With increasing constraints on how we teach about injustices within formal educational settings, young people are increasingly turning to social media to obtain information on global challenges. Scholars have sought to evaluate particular political knowledge gained through social media and/or debate its effectiveness in mobilizing collective action. This research shifts our focus from such top-down evaluations of political knowledge and activism online to understand how those most active across social media engage with pedagogical content on social injustices. Drawing on focus groups with students aged 13–16 from four schools across the United Kingdom, the article will argue four key points: First, young people are extremely cautious about trusting information on social media; second, they are more likely to trust content from those they feel personally connected to; third, exposure to lived experience through social media creates affective learning and reflexive opportunities; and fourth, social media can provide a catalyst for further learning and activism.
Involving cognitive science in model transformation for description logics
Authors: Hieke Willi , Schwöbel Sarah , Smolka Michael N 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR) is a fundamental area in artificial intelligence (AI) research, focusing on encoding world knowledge as logical formulae in ontologies. This formalism enables logic-based AI systems to deduce new insights from existing knowledge. Within KRR, description logics (DLs) are a prominent family of languages to represent knowledge formally. They are decidable fragments of first-order logic, and their models can be visualized as edge- and vertex-labeled directed binary graphs. DLs facilitate various reasoning tasks, including checking the satisfiability of statements and deciding entailment. However, a significant challenge arises in the computation of models of DL ontologies in the context of explaining reasoning results. Although existing algorithms efficiently compute models for reasoning tasks, they usually do not consider aspects of human cognition, leading to models that may be less effective for explanatory purposes. This paper tackles this challenge by proposing an approach to enhance the intelligibility of models of DL ontologies for users. By integrating insights from cognitive science and philosophy, we aim to identify key graph properties that make models more accessible and useful for explanation.
Perceptions, prevalence, and patterns of cannabis use among cancer patients treated at 12 NCI-Designated Cancer Centers
Authors: Ellison Gary L , Helzlsouer Kathy J , Rosenfield Sonia M , Kim Yun , Ashare Rebecca L , Blaes Anne H , Cullen Jennifer , Doran Neal , Ebbert Jon O , Egan Kathleen M , Heffner Jaimee L , Lee Richard T , McClure Erin A , McDaniels-Davidson Corinne , Meghani Salimah H , Newcomb Polly A , Nugent Shannon , Hernandez-Ortega Nicholas , Salz Talya , Vidot Denise C , Worster Brooke , Zylla Dylan M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The legal climate for cannabis use has dramatically changed with an increasing number of states passing legislation legalizing access for medical and recreational use. Among cancer patients, cannabis is often used to ameliorate adverse effects of cancer treatment. Data are limited on the extent and type of use among cancer patients during treatment and the perceived benefits and harms. This multicenter survey was conducted to assess the use of cannabis among cancer patients residing in states with varied legal access to cannabis.

Methods
A total of 12 NCI-Designated Cancer Centers, across states with varied cannabis-access legal status, conducted surveys with a core questionnaire to assess cannabis use among recently diagnosed cancer patients. Data were collected between September 2021 and August 2023 and pooled across 12 cancer centers. Frequencies and 95% confidence intervals for core survey measures were calculated, and weighted estimates are presented for the 10 sites that drew probability samples.

Results
Overall reported cannabis use since cancer diagnosis among survey respondents was 32.9% (weighted), which varied slightly by state legalization status. The most common perceived benefits of use were for pain, sleep, stress and anxiety, and treatment side effects. Reported perceived risks were less common and included inability to drive, difficulty concentrating, lung damage, addiction, and impact on employment. A majority reported feeling comfortable speaking to health-care providers though, overall, only 21.5% reported having done so. Among those who used cannabis since diagnosis, the most common modes were eating in food, smoking, and pills or tinctures, and the most common reasons were for sleep disturbance, followed by pain and stress and anxiety with 60%-68% reporting improved symptoms with use.

Conclusion
This geographically diverse survey demonstrates that patients use cannabis regardless of its legal status. Addressing knowledge gaps concerning benefits and harms of cannabis use during cancer treatment is critical to enhance patient-provider communication.
Milking Sterne’s Subscription Lists, and Extrapolations Therefrom
Authors: Walker Robert G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the eighteenth century many books were published with lengthy lists of the names, at the front, or occasionally at the back, of those who subscribed to the publication. Scholars have sometimes turned to these lists to make a point about the author or work involved, but it is fair to say that there has never been a consistent attempt to identify and make use of the subscribers of a specific author until just recently, when the publication of an identification list of Laurence Sterne’s subscribers appeared as part of the Florida Edition of Sterne’s works. This article identifies several Sterne subscribers hitherto unidentified or under-identified, discusses techniques for doing so and pitfalls in such techniques, and, finally, makes a case for the usefulness of such identifications both to literary critics and to social historians interested in Sterne’s work.
Is quasar variability regulated by the close environment of accretion?
Authors: Wu Liang , Wang Jun-Xian , Ren Wen-Ke , Kang Wen-Yong 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Ultraviolet (UV)/optical variability in quasars is a well-observed phenomenon, yet its primeval origins remain unclear. This study investigates whether the accretion disc turbulence, which is responsible for UV/optical variability, is influenced by the close environment of the accretion by analysing the correlation between variability and infrared emission for two luminous quasar samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The first sample includes light curves from SDSS, Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS), and Zwicky Transient Facility g-band photometry, while the second sample utilizes SDSS Stripe 82 g-band light curves. We explore the correlation between the g-band excess variance ($\sigma _{\mathrm{ rms}}$) and the wavelength-dependent infrared covering factor ($L_{\rm IR}(\lambda)/L_{\rm bol}$), controlling for the effects of redshift, luminosity, and black hole mass. An anticorrelation between two variables is observed in both samples, which is strongest at wavelengths of 2–3 $\rm{\mu m}$ but gradually weakens towards longer wavelength. This suggests the equatorial dusty torus (which dominates near-infrared emission) plays a significant role in influencing the UV/optical variability, while the cooler polar dust (which contributes significantly to mid-infrared emission) does not. The findings indicate that quasar variability may be connected to the physical conditions within the dusty torus which feeds the accretion, and support the notion that the close environment of the accretion plays an important role in regulating the accretion disc turbulence.
HELLO project: high-z evolution of large and luminous objects
Authors: Waterval Stefan , Macciò Andrea V , Buck Tobias , Obreja Aura , Cho Changhyun , Jin Zehao , Davis Benjamin L , Dixon Keri L , Kang Xi 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the High-z Evolution of Large and Luminous Objects (HELLO) project, a set of $\sim \!30$ high-resolution cosmological simulations aimed to study Milky Way analogues ($M_\star \sim 10^{10-11}$ ${\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$) at high redshift ($z\sim [2-4]$). Based on the numerical investigation of a hundred astrophysical objects, HELLO features an updated scheme for chemical enrichment and the addition of local photoionization feedback. Independently of redshift and mass, our galaxies exhibit a smooth progression along the star formation main sequence until $M_\star \sim \!10^{10.5}$, around which our sample at $z \sim 4$ remains mostly unperturbed while the most massive galaxies at $z \sim 2$ reach their peak star formation rate (SFR) and its subsequent decline, due to a mix of gas consumption and stellar feedback. While active galactic nucleus feedback remains subdominant with respect to stellar feedback for energy deposition, its localized nature likely adds to the physical processes leading to declining SFRs. The phase in which a galaxy in our mass range can be found at a given redshift is set by its gas reservoir and assembly history. Finally, our galaxies are in excellent agreement with various scaling relations observed with the Hubble Space Telescope and the JWST, and hence can be used to provide the theoretical framework to interpret current and future observations from these facilities and shed light on the transition from star-forming to quiescent galaxies.