bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of systemic corticotherapy on the triggering of pityriasis versicolor
Authors: da Fraga Clarissa Matarangas Moreira , de Cássia Birschiner Rita , Naseri Alice Pignaton , Diniz Lucia Martins 
Published: April 2014

SummaryPityriasis versicolor is a frequent mycosis and the use of systemic corticotherapy is one of its predisposing factors. This is an observational, cross‐sectional, analytical and comparative study, conducted from January 2012 to January 2013 in the following outpatient clinics: Dermatology Service, Cassiano Antonio Moraes Hospital (HUCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil; Nephrology Service, HUCAM; and Leprosy Department, Maruípe Health Unit, Vitória, ES, Brazil. Patients, undergoing long‐term systemic corticotherapy (or not), were assessed with respect to the presence of pityriasis versicolor. If there was mycosis, a direct mycological examination would be carried out. The spss 17.0 software was used for the statistical analysis. From the total of 100 patients, nine had pityriasis versicolor, being eight from the corticotherapy group and one from the group with no use of corticosteroids. Regarding the patients with mycosis, the prevalent age ranged from 20 to 39 years, with six patients; six were women; seven mixed race; eight were undergoing long‐term systemic corticotherapy; seven were taking low‐dose systemic corticosteroids; four had leucocytosis; five had normal total cholesterol and triglycerides; and four had normal glycaemia. There was increased frequency of pityriasis versicolor in the group undergoing systemic corticotherapy with statistical significance, corroborating the only study on the topic (1962).
Effects of potassium and sodium supply on drought‐adaptive mechanisms in Eucalyptus grandis plantations
Authors: Battie‐Laclau Patricia , Laclau Jean‐Paul , Domec Jean‐Christophe , Christina Mathias , Bouillet Jean‐Pierre , de Cassia Piccolo Marisa , de Moraes Gonçalves José Leonardo , Moreira Rildo Moreira e , Krusche Alex Vladimir , Bouvet Jean‐Marc , Nouvellon Yann 
Published: April 2014

Summary

A basic understanding of nutrition effects on the mechanisms involved in tree response to drought is essential under a future drier climate.

A large‐scale throughfall exclusion experiment was set up in Brazil to gain an insight into the effects of potassium (K) and sodium (Na) nutrition on tree structural and physiological adjustments to water deficit.

Regardless of the water supply, K and Na supply greatly increased growth and leaf area index (LAI) of Eucalyptus grandis trees over the first 3 yr after planting. Excluding 37% of throughfall reduced above‐ground biomass accumulation in the third year after planting for K‐ supplied trees only. E. grandis trees were scarcely sensitive to drought as a result of the utilization of water stored in deep soil layers after clear‐cutting the previous plantation. Trees coped with water restriction through stomatal closure (isohydrodynamic behavior), osmotic adjustment and decrease in LAI. Additionally, droughted trees showed higher phloem sap sugar concentrations.

K and Na supply increased maximum stomatal conductance, and the high water requirements of fertilized trees increased water stress during dry periods. Fertilization regimes should be revisited in a future drier climate in order to find the right balance between improving tree growth and limiting water shortage.
Efficacy of orthopedic treatment with protraction facemask on skeletal Class III malocclusion: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cordasco G. , Matarese G. , Rustico L. , Fastuca S. , Caprioglio A. , Lindauer S. J. , Nucera R. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe objective of this systematic review was to estimate the efficacy of protraction facemask on the correction of Class III malocclusion in the short term. A systematic review of articles was performed using different electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, LILACS, and Google Scholar). Search terms comprised ‘orthopedic treatment’ and ‘Class III malocclusion’. The selection criteria were set in order to include in this review only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) performed treating with facemask Class III growing patients. Studies' selection, data extraction, and risk of bias's assessment were executed independently by two authors using pre‐defined data forms. All pooled analyses of data were based on random effects models. A pre‐specified subgroup analysis was planned to evaluate the effect of preliminary rapid palatal expansion on facemask efficacy. Three RCTs met our inclusion criteria. In total, data from 155 patients (92 treated and 63 controls) were collected. The treated group showed the following significant changes: ANB° +3.66° [95%CI (2.58, 4.74)]; SNA° +2.10 [95%CI (1.14, 3.06)]; SNB° −1.54 [95%CI (−2.13, −0.95)]; SN‐palatal plane −0.82° [95%CI (−1.62, −0.02)]; and SN‐mandibular plane +1.51 [95%CI (0.61, 2.41)]. Heterogeneity varied from low to moderate (mean I2 value: 41.4 ± 20.8). Facemask is effective correcting Class III malocclusion in the short term. The skeletal modifications induced by facemask are forward displacement of maxilla, backward displacement of mandible, clockwise rotation of the mandibular plane, and counterclockwise rotation of the maxillary plane.
Interacting effects of pollination, water and nutrients on fruit tree performance
Authors: Klein A.‐M. , Hendrix S. D. , Clough Y. , Scofield A. , Kremen C. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPollination is critical to fruit production, but the interactions of pollination with plant resources on a plant's reproductive and vegetative features are largely overlooked. We examined the influences of pollination, irrigation and fertilisation on the performance of almond,Prunus dulcis, in northern California. We used a full‐factorial design to test for the effects of pollination limitation on fruit production and foliage variables of whole trees experiencing four resource treatments: (i) normal water and nutrients, (ii) reduced water, (iii) no nutrients, and (iv) reduced water and no nutrients. In each of these combinations, we applied three pollination treatments: hand‐cross pollination, open‐pollination and pollinator exclusion. Pollination strongly affected yield even under reduced water and no nutrient applications. Hand‐cross pollination resulted in over 50% fruit set with small kernels, while open‐pollinated flowers showed over 30% fruit set with moderate‐sized kernels. Pollinator‐excluded flowers had a maximum fruit set of 5%, with big and heavy kernels. Reduced water interacted with the open‐ and hand‐cross pollination treatments, reducing yield more than in the pollinator exclusion treatment. The number of kernels negatively influenced the number of leaves, and reduced water and no nutrient applications interacted with the pollination treatments. Overall, our results indicate that the influences of pollination on fruit tree yield interact with the plant availability of nutrients and water and that excess pollination can reduce fruit quality and the production of leaves for photosynthesis. Such information is critical to understand how pollination influences fruit tree performance.
Welfare State Changes and Outcomes – The Cases of Portugal and Denmark from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Alves Sónia 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIt is well known that welfare states ensure a certain level of social protection affecting levels of well‐being and the extent of inequalities in society. Changes within crucial domains of social policy, such as education, health, or social protection, have, therefore, a major effect upon individuals' opportunities. In this article I compare the effects of these changes in two countries from the mid‐1980s to the financial crisis of 2008. Portugal that was a latecomer in welfare state development and Denmark was at the forefront of de‐commodification and universalization of social rights. The conclusion of this article is that income inequality has been steadily increasing in Danish society; while in Portugal, despite improvements in many social domains (healthcare, poverty alleviation, unemployment protection), problems of inequality remain deeply embedded in the country's social and institutional structures.
HLA‐DRB1*07:01 allele is primarily associated with the Diego a alloimmunization in a Brazilian population
Authors: Baleotti Wilson , Ruiz Marcelo Ortega , Fabron Antonio , Castilho Lilian , Giuliatti Silvana , Donadi Eduardo Antonio 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundThe Diego blood group presents a major polymorphic site at Residue 854, causing a proline (Dib antigen) to leucine (Dia antigen) substitution. Dia alloimmunization has been observed among Asian and Native South American populations. Considering that Brazilians represent a genetically diverse population, and considering that we have observed a high incidence of Dia alloimmunization, we typed HLA‐DRB1 alleles in these patients and performed in silico studies to investigate the possible associated mechanisms.Study Design and MethodsWe studied 212 alloimmunized patients, of whom 24 presented immunoglobulin G anti‐Dia, 15 received Di(a+) red blood cells and were not immunized, and 1008 were healthy donors. HLA typing was performed using commercial kits. In silico analyses were performed using the TEPITOPEpan software to identify Diego‐derived anchor peptide binding to HLA‐DRB1 molecules. Residue alignment was performed using the IMGT/HLA for amino acid identity and homology analyses.ResultsHLA‐DRB1*07:01 allele was overrepresented in Dia‐alloimmunized patients compared to nonimmunized patients and to healthy donors. Two motifs were predicted to be potential epitopes for Dia alloimmunization, the WVVKSTLAS motif was predicted to bind several HLA‐DR molecules, and the FVLILTVPL motif exhibited highest affinity for the HLA‐DRB1*07:01 molecule. Pocket 4 of the DRB1*07:01 molecule contained specific residues not found in other HLA‐DRB1 molecules, particularly those at Positions 13(Y), 74(Q), and 78(V).ConclusionIndividuals carrying the HLA‐DRB1*07:01 allele present an increased risk for Dia alloimmunization. The identification of susceptible individuals and the knowledge of potential sensitization peptides are relevant approaches for transfusion care, diagnostic purposes, and desensitization therapies.
Does Physical Exercise Help Maintain Mental Health During Pregnancy? A Comparison of Changes in Mental Health in Participants of Physical Exercise Classes and Childbirth Classes
Authors: Guszkowska Monika , Langwald Marta , Sempolska Katarzyna 
Published: April 2014

Background:This study aims to compare the changes in the negative indices of mental health in pregnant women who participated in programs of either physical exercise classes or childbirth classes.Methods:The study was quasi-experimental in nature and run on 109 healthy primigravidae aged from 22 to 37, including 62 women participating in an exercise program (exercise group, E-group) for pregnant women and 47 women attending traditional childbirth classes (childbirth classes group, CC-group). The mental health assessment was performed using Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).Results:The negative indices of mental health did not change over time. Lower levels of somatic symptoms and severe depression, as well as total score, were observed in the E-group (condition effect). Time × condition interactions, as well as analysis of change within the groups, indicated that in the CC-group all indices of disorders increased significantly, whereas in the E-group, only the increase of depression was significant.Conclusions:Regular physical exercises during pregnancy may constitute a factor in the prophylaxis of mental health disorders in pregnant women.
The Environment Can Explain Differences in Adolescents’ Daily Physical Activity Levels Living in a Deprived Urban Area: Cross-Sectional Study Using Accelerometry, GPS, and Focus Groups
Authors: Moore Helen J. , Nixon Catherine A. , Lake Amelia A. , Douthwaite Wayne , O’Malley Claire L. , Pedley Claire L. , Summerbell Carolyn D. , Routen Ashley C. 
Published: April 2014

Background:Evidence suggests that many contemporary urban environments do not support healthy lifestyle choices and are implicated in the obesity pandemic. Middlesbrough, in the northeast of England is one such environment and a prime target for investigation.Methods:To measure physical activity (PA) levels in a sample of 28 adolescents (aged 11 to 14 years) and describe the environmental context of their activity and explore where they are most and least active over a 7-day period, accelerometry and Global Positioning System (GPS) technology were used. Twenty-five of these participants also took part in focus groups about their experiences and perceptions of PA engagement.Results:Findings indicated that all participants were relatively inactive throughout the observed period although bouts of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were identified in 4 contexts: school, home, street, and rural/urban green spaces, with MVPA levels highest in the school setting. Providing access to local facilities and services (such as leisure centers) is not in itself sufficient to engage adolescents in MVPA.Conclusion:Factors influencing engagement in MVPA were identified within and across contexts, including ‘time’ as both a facilitator and barrier, perceptions of ‘gendered’ PA, and the social influences of peer groups and family members.
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Aging Symptoms Among Community-Dwelling Men Aged 40−70 Years in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wang Bo , Li Zheng , Miao Maohua , Liu Xiaoqin , Wang Huiqing , Liang Guoqing , Liu Zhiyong , Sun Yinghao , Yuan Wei 
Published: April 2014

Background:Research on the relationship between physical activity and aging symptoms among men is limited in China.Methods:Eight hundred nineteen participants aged 40 to 70 (mean age = 58.25) were administered the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Aging Males’ Symptoms scale (AMS) in face-to-face interviews between 2009 and 2010. Ordinal logistic regression and generalized linear models were used to examine severity of aging symptoms. AMS total score and subscale scores (psychological, somatic, and sexual health) were examined according to physical activity level.Results:Participants who reported higher levels of physical activity were significantly less likely to develop aging symptoms compared with those who reported lower levels of physical activity, both with (odds ratio [OR] = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64 to 0.95) and without (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.87) adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, and chronic disease. In addition, physical activity was negatively correlated with AMS total score (P < .01) and scores for somatic (P < .01) and sexual (P = .04) health. After covariate adjustment, the negative correlation between physical activity and all AMS scores remained significant (P < .01).Conclusion:Physical activity is negatively correlated with aging symptoms among middle-aged men in Shanghai.
Who Are the Users of Urban Parks? A Study With Adults From Curitiba, Brazil
Authors: Fermino Rogerio , Reis Rodrigo , Hallal Pedro C. , Kaczynski Andrew T. 
Published: April 2014

Background:The aim of this study was to analyze how sociodemographic characteristics, health, characteristics of quality of life, and perceptions of places are associated with park use in Curitiba, Brazil.Methods:A cross-sectional study with face-toface interviews was conducted with 1461 adults who lived within the area of 500 m near 8 parks. The survey included questions about gender, age, socioeconomic status, education, marital status, body mass index, perceived health, number of morbidities, perception of quality of life, physical environment, leisure opportunities, self-satisfaction, and satisfaction with the park. The use of a specific park near the residence was identified as 1 of 3 outcomes: park use versus nonuse, park use ≥ 1 time/wk, and park use ≥ 3 times/wk. Poisson regression was used to examine associations between the independent variables and each level of park use.Results:Overall park use (60.9%) and ≥ 1 time/wk (32.2%) and ≥ 3 times/wk use (16.8%) were associated with age and leisure opportunities. Leisure opportunities and park satisfaction were related to more frequent visits to these outdoor areas.Conclusions:These results can be used in guiding interventions that improve the quality of parks and other outdoor areas and offer leisure opportunities to the community.
Body Mass Index is Associated With Appropriateness of Weight Gain but not Leisure-Time Physical Activity During Pregnancy
Authors: Schlaff Rebecca A. , Holzman Claudia , Mudd Lanay M. , Pfeiffer Karin A. , Pivarnik James M. 
Published: April 2014

Background:Little is known about how leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) influences gestational weight gain (GWG) among body mass index (BMI) categories. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pregnancy LTPA and the proportion of normal, overweight, and obese women who meet GWG recommendations.Methods:Participants included 449 subcohort women from the Pregnancy Outcomes and Community Health (POUCH) study. LTPA was collapsed into 3 categories [(None, < 7.5 kcal/kg/wk (low), ≥ 7.5 kcal/kg/wk (recommended)]. GWG was categorized according to IOM recommendations (low, recommended, or excess). Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate relationships among LTPA, BMI, and GWG.Results:Overweight women were more likely to have high GWG vs. normal weight women (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–4.0). Obese women were more likely to experience low GWG (OR = 7.3, 95% CI 3.6–15.1; vs. normal and overweight women) or excess GWG (OR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.9–6.5; vs. normal weight women). LTPA did not vary by prepregnancy BMI category (P = .55) and was not related to GWG in any prepregnancy BMI category (P = .78).Conclusions:Regardless of prepregnancy BMI, LTPA did not affect a woman’s GWG according to IOM recommendations. Results may be due to LTPA not differing among BMI categories.
Happy Trails: The Effect of a Media Campaign on Urban Trail Use in Southern Nevada
Authors: Clark Sheila , Bungum Tim J. , Meacham Mindy , Coker Lisa 
Published: April 2014

Background:Many Americans do not meet recommendations for physical activity (PA). Communities are building trail networks to encourage PA, but the relationship between trails and PA is not well understood.Methods:We monitored usage of urban trails (N = 10) in Las Vegas, NV, before and after a promotional marketing campaign (October 2011 and April 2012). The media campaign featured print, online, and radio ads, as well as billboards and signage on gas pumps. Data were collected with infrared monitors that were placed on the trails for periods of 7 days. We compared preintervention and postintervention usage rates.Results:Mean usage increased (P < .001) from 3.91 to 5.95 users per hour (52.17%) after the promotional campaign. We observed significant increases at 7 individual trails, significant declines at 2 trails, and no change at 1 trail.Conclusion:Promotional campaigns may be an effective way to increase trail usage and encourage PA.
Introduction of the copepod Limnoithona tetraspina Zhang & Li, 1976 (Cyclopoida, Cyclopettidae) into the Shatt Al-Arab, Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Hanaa H. , Ferrari Frank D. , Abbas M. F. 
Published: April 2014

The cyclopoid copepod Limnoithona tetraspina was collected for the first time in the Shatt Al-Arab, a river in Iraq, in the summer of 2009; its abundance ranged from 2-16 specimens/m3. Its distribution was restricted to the areas around Al-Sindibad Island and Al-Kornish in waters with temperatures between 27-28°C and salinities less than 4.1‰. A larger number of specimens was collected in August 2012 around Al-Sindibad Island, 134 specimens/m3, and in July 2013 around Al-Kornish, 378 specimens/m3 in waters of comparable temperatures and salinities. The copepod initially was described from the mouth of the Yangtze River, China, in 1976. It was introduced from the Yangtze River into the San Francisco Bay estuary, U.S.A., in 1993, with ship ballast water, and into the Columbia River, U.S.A., in 2003, presumably from the San Francisco Estuary. The origin of the Shatt Al-Arab population is unknown, but it is likely to have been introduced.
Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of the retinoid X receptor in the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus (Miers, 1876) (Decapoda, Portunidae)
Authors: Tang J. , Zhu D. F. , Cui X. Y. , Xie X. , Qiu X. E. 
Published: April 2014

To elucidate the role of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) in moulting and ovarian development of crustaceans, the full-length cDNA of RXR (PtRXR) in Portunus trituberculatus (Miers, 1876) was cloned by nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The cDNA sequence of PtRXR was determined to be 1365 bp in length and contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 1140 bp encoding a 379-amino-acid residue protein. The deduced amino-acid sequence of PtRXR shared high identities with other known RXRs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PtRXR was clustered among crustacean RXRs and located closer to the vertebrate RXRs than the insect ultraspiracle (USP, an orthologue of RXR). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyse the tissue distribution of PtRXR and its expression patterns during the moulting cycle and the second ovarian development of P. trituberculatus. The results showed that PtRXR was widely distributed in the tested tissues. PtRXR mRNA levels were significantly high in ovary and Y-organs (YO) of intermoult crabs. The mRNA levels of PtRXR in YO and mandibular organs (MO) decreased significantly from intermoult to premoult. In addition, PtRXR was expressed at each stage of the second ovarian development in ovary, hepatopancreas, YO and MO, and the expression levels reached maximal values when the ovary reached the final stage of maturation. These results indicate that PtRXR might have an important role in regulating the moulting and ovarian development of P. trituberculatus.
Vulnerability of Patagonian planktonic copepods to fluctuations in temperature and UV radiation
Authors: Garcia Patricia Elizabeth , Dieguez María C. 
Published: April 2014

The aim of this investigation is to address the impact of fluctuations in temperature and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on three species of South American copepods, Boeckella antiqua, B. gracilis and B. brevicaudata. These copepods are cold stenotherm and occur in high latitude lakes of South America and in mountain lakes in the Andes. The forecast scenarios for climate change in southern South America anticipate raising temperature and UVR levels. These changes may have the potential to impact high altitude and latitude ecosystems, including lakes and their cold adapted biota, such as those in Patagonia. Laboratory experiments, consisting of 10 day and 2 day incubations, were set up to analyse copepod mortality in relation with: (i) temperature, and (ii) the combined effect of temperature (5, 8, 12, 16, 20°C) and UV-B dose (61, 194 and 324 J m−2). The results obtained showed up that temperature is a limiting factor for B. brevicaudata that did not survive above 12°C. B. antiqua and B. gracilis withstood the temperature range although their mortality was higher at 12-16°C. The survivorship of these copepod species to radiation was found to depend on the UV-B dose, resulting in higher mortality at the highest UV-B dose. Overall, at least one Boeckella species showed an acute sensitivity to increasing temperature, and the three species studied proved tolerant to the UV-B experimental exposure. The survivorship patterns observed in Boeckella species reflect clearly their adaptation to high solar radiation exposure and to temperate to cold environmental conditions.