bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matrix metalloproteinase 13 modulates intestinal epithelial barrier integrity in inflammatory diseases by activating TNF
Authors: Vandenbroucke Roosmarijn E. , Dejonckheere Eline , Van Hauwermeiren Filip , Lodens Sofie , De Rycke Riet , Van Wonterghem Elien , Staes An , Gevaert Kris , López‐Otin Carlos , Libert Claude 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSeveral pathological processes, such as sepsis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are associated with impairment of intestinal epithelial barrier. Here, we investigated the role of matrix metalloproteinase MMP13 in these diseases. We observed that MMP13−/− mice display a strong protection in LPS‐ and caecal ligation and puncture‐induced sepsis. We could attribute this protection to reduced LPS‐induced goblet cell depletion, endoplasmic reticulum stress, permeability and tight junction destabilization in the gut of MMP13−/− mice compared to MMP13+/+ mice. Both in vitro and in vivo, we found that MMP13 is able to cleave pro‐TNF into bioactive TNF. By LC‐MS/MS, we identified three MMP13 cleavage sites, which proves that MMP13 is an alternative TNF sheddase next to the TNF converting enzyme TACE. Similarly, we found that the same mechanism was responsible for the observed protection of the MMP13−/− mice in a mouse model of DSS‐induced colitis. We identified MMP13 as an important mediator in sepsis and IBD via the shedding of TNF. Hence, we propose MMP13 as a novel drug target for diseases in which damage to the gut is essential.
Experimental study of the seismic behavior of partially concrete‐filled steel bridge piers under bidirectional dynamic loading
Authors: Yuan Huihui , Dang Ji , Aoki Tetsuhiko 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYThe seismic behavior of steel bridge piers partially filled with concrete under actual earthquake conditions was investigated by using 20 square section specimens subjected to static cyclic loading tests and single‐directional and bidirectional hybrid loading tests. Acceleration records of two horizontal NS and EW directional components for hard (GT1), medium (GT2), and soft grounds (GT3), obtained during the 1995 Kobe earthquake, were adopted in dynamic tests. Experimental results clearly showed that maximum and residual displacements under actual earthquake conditions cannot be accurately estimated by conventional single‐directional loading tests, especially for GT2 and GT3. A modified admissible displacement was proposed on the basis of bidirectional loading test results. The concrete fill can effectively improve the seismic resistance performance if the concrete inside the steel bridge piers is sufficiently high in quantity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of frying in different culinary fats on the fatty acid composition of silver carp
Authors: Naseri Mahmood , Abedi Elahe , Mohammadzadeh Behrooz , Afsharnaderi Azam 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe influence of frying with four different oils (sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil, and corn oil) on the fatty acid composition of silver carp was evaluated. The fat content of the fillets increased after frying while the moisture content decreased in all evaluated samples. Mean saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids, ∑ω3, and ∑ω6 contents of raw fish were 26.1 ± 0.5, 52.1 ± 1.1, 15.1 ± 0.6, 8.9 ± 0.1, and 6.1 ± 0.4%, respectively. Frying led to exchange of fatty acids between the silver carp lipid and frying fats. As a result of interactions, MUFA, PUFA, ∑ω6, and PUFA/SFA ratio of samples fried in sunflower, soybean, and corn oil significantly increased while the amounts of SFA decreased. Frying had a negative effect on the ∑ω3/ω6 ratio but reduction in olive oil‐fried samples is the least among the other samples. Except in soybean oil, long‐chain ω3‐PUFA content of samples was not affected by frying.
Molecular epidemiology of KI and WU polyomaviruses in healthy blood donors, south‐eastern France
Authors: Touinssi Mhammed , Galicher Vital , de Micco Philippe , Biagini Philippe 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe epidemiology of human polyomaviruses KI (KIPyV) and WU (WUPyV) in healthy populations is described poorly in the literature. The frequency of KIPyV and WUPyV viraemia was evaluated in a cohort of blood donors from south‐eastern France. Plasma samples (n = 640) were investigated for the presence of KIPyV/WUPyV DNA using a conserved real‐time PCR detection system (VP2 gene). Three plasma samples (3/640; ∼0.5%) exhibited a positive fluorescence signal, with a low viral load (<500 copies/ml plasma); no additional amplicons were identifiable by agarose gel analysis. Sequencing highlighted the KIPyV origin of the three amplified sequences and the occurrence of point mutations. The sustained detection of KIPyV DNA in two serial samples (9 months) was in favor of a possible persistence of the virus in blood of healthy individuals. Further studies will be needed in order to explore both the prevalence and potential clinical impact of KIPyV/WUPyV on infected hosts. J. Med. Virol. 85:1444–1446, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endostatin Inhibits Callus Remodeling during Fracture Healing in Mice
Authors: Holstein Joerg H. , Karabin‐Kehl Bianca , Scheuer Claudia , Garcia Patric , Histing Tina , Meier Christoph , Benninger Emanuel , Menger Michael D. , Pohlemann Tim 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTInformation on the impact of endogenous anti‐angiogenic factors on bone repair is limited. The hypothesis of the present study was endostatin, an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis, disturbs fracture healing. We evaluated this hypothesis in a closed femoral fracture model studying two groups of mice, one that was treated by a daily injection of 10 µg recombinant endostatin subcutaneously (n = 38) and a second one that received the vehicle for control (n = 37). Histomorphometric analysis showed a significantly increased callus formation in endostatin‐treated animals at 2 and 5 weeks post‐fracture. This was associated with a significantly higher callus tissue fraction of cartilage and fibrous tissue at 2 weeks and a significantly higher fraction of bone at 5 weeks post‐fracture. Biomechanical testing revealed a significantly higher torsional stiffness in the endostatin group at 2 weeks. For both groups, we could demonstrate the expression of the endostatin receptor unit integrin alpha5 in endothelial cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes at 2 weeks. Immunohistochemical fluorescence staining of CD31 showed a lower number of blood vessels in endostatin‐treated animals compared to controls. The results of the present study indicate endostatin promotes soft callus formation but inhibits callus remodeling during fracture healing most probably by an inhibition of angiogenesis. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1579–1584, 2013.
Youth Sexual Exploitation (United Kingdom)
Authors: McClelland Gabrielle Tracy , Newell Robert 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis article highlights the importance of examining physical and psychological health in the context of youth sexual exploitation by drawing on findings from an empirical research study undertaken between 2006 and 2011. Data were drawn from interviews with 24 sexually exploited young people and 61 professionals working in agencies supporting sexually exploited young people. A sequential mixed‐method approach was employed to address the research study aims using interviews and a questionnaire survey.A significant range of physical and psychological health problems were reported alongside risks to health and barriers to health support for sexually exploited young people. Intentional self‐harm and substance abuse were concordant themes from phases 1 and 2. Psychosocial vulnerability factors appear to undermine health and affect health‐seeking behavior. Novel themes that emerged from this study included taxonomy of risk behaviors related to health.
Risk, Fitness to Practice, and Disabled Health Care Students
Authors: Walker Stuart , Dearnley Christine , Hargreaves Janet , Walker Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe United Kingdom Equality Act of 2010 poses challenges to regulators, educators, and employers to ensure that disabled people are not excluded from health care professions on the basis of their impairment. Professional bodies must also anticipate the needs of disabled people and facilitate inclusion.In this article, we discuss some of the current tensions that exist between U.K. antidiscrimination legislation and the professional and statutory regulatory bodies that govern registration of health and social care practitioners in the United Kingdom. We present research that used a mixed methods approach to explore the tensions between higher education and placement providers in the health sector.Disabled students and health professionals engaged in semistructured interviews, and a survey explored the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of professional staff from a range of disciplines and institutions. Findings suggest that the negative feelings disabled students report are also evident in responses from health care professionals.Notions of risk emerge as a key issue from the data. We discuss whether the risk is perceived or actual and develop models to challenge existing preconceptions about the risk posed by disabled students when training as health care professionals. Finally, we suggest that while work clearly needs to be done in this area, some of this work can be addressed through the development of an inclusive curriculum for all health care practitioners. This article proposes an educational model of risk with which to guide this process.
A method for multidimensional wave propagation analysis via component‐wise partition of longitudinal and shear waves
Authors: Cho S. S. , Park K. C. , Huh H. 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYAn explicit integration algorithm for computations of discontinuous wave propagation in two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional solids is presented, which is designed to trace extensional and shear waves in accordance with their respective propagation speeds. This has been possible by an orthogonal decomposition of the total displacement into extensional and shear components, leading to two decoupled equations: one for the extensional waves and the other for shear waves. The two decoupled wave equations are integrated with their CFL time step sizes and then reconciled to a common step size by employing a previously developed front‐shock oscillation algorithm that is proven to be effective in mitigating spurious oscillations. Numerical experiments have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm for two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional wave propagation problems traces the stress wave fronts with high‐fidelity compared with existing conventional algorithms. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of mural paintings using in situ non‐invasive XRF, FTIR spectroscopy and optical microscopy
Authors: Vornicu Nicoleta , Bibire Cristina , Murariu Elena , Ivanov Daniela 
Published: May 2013

An analytical protocol consisting of X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy, optical microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the origin and the nature of the materials (pigments, binders and coating preparation) of the Fundenii Doamnei church mural paint from Bucharest. The main interest of the present study consisted in the original votive paint from narthex, painted in 1757 in a secco technique.During analysis, an unexpected pigment in the votive paint could be detected by the combined analytical techniques: ultramarine blue. Along with this pigment, the presence of gypsum binder based on egg and flax seed oil could also be evidenced. These results demonstrated a secco execution technique of the votive paint and also the presence of a restoration treatment. Moreover, during the present study, the components of the preparation layer and the constitutive pigments from both 1699 and 1757 years mural paints have been analyzed. Hence, the following pigments could be identified: vermilion, azurite, cinnabar, lead white, ochre, natural umber and gold, by using the combination of the analytical techniques.The novelty of our results consists in detecting the composition of the materials used in this church painting (fresco and a secco) during these 254 years since its first restoration.The results of these investigations pointed to the suitability of the non‐destructive and semi‐destructive analytical techniques in the complex characterization of the paints realized in different techniques, at different periods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The dynamics of polycomb group proteins in early embryonic nervous system in mouse and human
Authors: Qi Lu , Jing‐Li Cao , Hu Yi , Yang Ji‐Gao , Ji Yuan , Huang Jing , Zhang Yi , Sun Da‐Guang , Xia Hong‐Fei , Ma Xu 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPolycomb group (PcG) proteins are transcription regulatory proteins that control the expression of a variety of genes and the antero‐posterior neural patterning from early embryogenesis. Although expression of PcG genes in the nervous system has been noticed, but the expression pattern of PcG proteins in early embryonic nervous system is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the expression pattern of PRC1 complex members (BMI‐1 and RING1B) and PRC2 complex members (EED, SUZ12 and EZH2) in early embryonic nervous system in mouse and human by Western blot and Immunohistochemistry. The results of Western blot showed that EED protein was significantly up‐regulated with the increase of the day of pregnancy during the early embryogenesis in mouse. BMI‐1 protein level was significantly increased from the day 10 of pregnancy, when compared with the day 9 of pregnancy. But the SUZ12, EZH2 and RING1B protein level did not change significantly. From the results of Immunohistochemistry, we found that the four PcG proteins were all expressed in the fetal brain and fetal spinal cord in mouse. In human, the expression of EED, SUZ12, and EZH2 was not significantly different in cerebral cortex and sacral spinal cord, but BMI‐1 and RING1B expression was enhanced with the development of embryos in early pregnancy. Collectively, our findings showed that PRC1 and PRC2 were spatiotemporally expressed in brain and spinal cord of early embryos.
Neutral Displacement Intravenous Connectors: Evaluating New Technology
Authors: Logan Renee 
Published: May 2013

Background: The University Hospital of Northern British Columbia (UHNBC) utilized an opaque positive displacement intravenous (IV) line connector in 2011 and for several years previously. With concerns generated in the United States surrounding positive displacement and the potential increased risk for infection, as well as the training requirements related to ensuring that a proper clamping sequence was followed, a neutral displacement IV connector was implemented in October 2011. Methods: Catheter-related blood stream infections and catheter occlusions were monitored at UHNBC for 4 months before (June through September 2011) and 4 months after (November 2011 through February 2012) the implementation of the neutral displacement IV connector by the Parenteral Services nursing team. A staff survey was conducted that reviewed the satisfaction with the newly implemented IV connector. Results: The results of tracking catheter occlusions with a neutral displacement IV connector showed an average of 4.04 occlusions that required tissue plasminogen activator per 1,000 catheter days, compared with 5.47 occlusions that required tissue plasminogen activator per 1,000 catheter days with the positive displacement IV connector. During the evaluation period there was a 26% decrease in catheter occlusions with the implementation of the neutral displacement IV connector. Blood stream infection rates remained at zero for the entire evaluation with both displacement types of IV connectors. Nursing staff members were satisfied with the newly implemented IV connector. Conclusions: UHNBC will continue to utilize the neutral displacement IV connector hospital-wide, and continues to monitor both catheter occlusions and catheter-related blood stream infections. Following UHNBC, facilities in the rest of Northern Health have implemented the neutral displacement IV connector.
Selection and Tuning of a Fast and Simple Phase-Contrast Microscopy Image Segmentation Algorithm for Measuring Myoblast Growth Kinetics in an Automated Manner
Authors: Juneau Pierre-Marc , Garnier Alain , Duchesne Carl 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAcquiring and processing phase-contrast microscopy images in wide-field long-term live-cell imaging and high-throughput screening applications is still a challenge as the methodology and algorithms used must be fast, simple to use and tune, and as minimally intrusive as possible. In this paper, we developed a simple and fast algorithm to compute the cell-covered surface (degree of confluence) in phase-contrast microscopy images. This segmentation algorithm is based on a range filter of a specified size, a minimum range threshold, and a minimum object size threshold. These parameters were adjusted in order to maximize the F-measure function on a calibration set of 200 hand-segmented images, and its performance was compared with other algorithms proposed in the literature. A set of one million images from 37 myoblast cell cultures under different conditions were processed to obtain their cell-covered surface against time. The data were used to fit exponential and logistic models, and the analysis showed a linear relationship between the kinetic parameters and passage number and highlighted the effect of culture medium quality on cell growth kinetics. This algorithm could be used for real-time monitoring of cell cultures and for high-throughput screening experiments upon adequate tuning.
Improved image alignment method in application to X-ray images and biological images
Authors: Wang Ching-Wei , Chen Hsiang-Chou 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Alignment of medical images is a vital component of a large number of applications throughout the clinical track of events; not only within clinical diagnostic settings, but prominently so in the area of planning, consummation and evaluation of surgical and radiotherapeutical procedures. However, image registration of medical images is challenging because of variations on data appearance, imaging artifacts and complex data deformation problems. Hence, the aim of this study is to develop a robust image alignment method for medical images.
Results: An improved image registration method is proposed, and the method is evaluated with two types of medical data, including biological microscopic tissue images and dental X-ray images and compared with five state-of-the-art image registration techniques. The experimental results show that the presented method consistently performs well on both types of medical images, achieving 88.44 and 88.93% averaged registration accuracies for biological tissue images and X-ray images, respectively, and outperforms the benchmark methods. Based on the Tukey’s honestly significant difference test and Fisher’s least square difference test tests, the presented method performs significantly better than all existing methods (P ≤ 0.001) for tissue image alignment, and for the X-ray image registration, the proposed method performs significantly better than the two benchmark b-spline approaches (P &lt; 0.001).
Availability: The software implementation of the presented method and the data used in this study are made publicly available for scientific communities to use (http://www-o.ntust.edu.tw/∼cweiwang/ImprovedImageRegistration/).
Contact: cweiwang@mail.ntust.edu.tw
Headache and Facial Pain
Authors: Newman, MD Lawrence C , Levin, MD Morris 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
This resource presents a representative set of 33 ‘mini-cases’ of headache and facial pain, and is divided into three sections that cover the typical ground for head/face pain consultation: (1) Diagnostic Questions, (2) Treatment Considerations, and (3) Prognostic, Social and Legal Issues. Recommendations are based on the most current evidence available, and diagnostic thinking is presented along the lines of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, second edition (ICHD-II).
Headaches in Pregnancy
Authors: Newman Lawrence C. , Levin Morris 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
While some women with migraine note an improvement during pregnancy (especially the last two trimesters), many continue to experience headaches, and some suffer an increase in attack frequency and/or severity. These can be intractable, in part due to the restricted choices in pharmacotherapy. The clinical approach to diagnosis and effective management of migraine and other headaches during pregnancy is discussed in this chapter.
Occipital Neuralgia
Authors: Newman Lawrence C. , Levin Morris 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Occipital neuralgia (ON) presents with lancinating (often mixed with more aching) occipital pain, which can be very disabling. There are a number of conditions which present, like ON, with posterior pain; but tenderness of the greater occipital nerve and response to greater occipital nerve anesthetic blockade are essentially pathognomonic.
Central nervous system
Authors: Erridge Sara C. , Gibson Rod , Summers David 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Chapter 16 discusses tumours of the central nervous system (CNS), and covers how to look at imaging of the CNS, treatment planning, new imaging techniques, intraparenchymal tumours, ependymoma, embryonal tumours, primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL), and extra-axial tumours.
Skeletal tumours
Authors: James Steven , Spooner David 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Chapter 19 discusses skeletal tumours, and how modern radiological imaging has transformed the ability to accurately locate and define the extent of primary and secondary skeletal tumours. Using information available from such imaging and the recent provision of computed tomography (CT) planning facilities, both the clinical target volume (CTV) and critical normal organs at risk (OAR) can be more reliably defined.
Life beyond psychiatry
Authors: Boevink Wilma 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis chapter illustrates the concept of recovery, drawing on the author's experiences of a long period as a psychiatric inpatient and as a user of outpatient care. Dealing with the consequences of childhood trauma and psychotic vulnerability, she found that recovery can be seen as a subjective, natural process, which can (also) take place independently of the help offered. The concept of recovery provides the users of psychiatric services with something to hold on to in the process of 'un-psychiatrizing' themselves, and allows them to see what is happening to them as something that is also part of ordinary life. Recovery is something that people experiencing severe human distress have to do themselves; it is inextricably linked to the empowerment of users of psychiatric care. The most that professionals in psychiatry can do in this process is to follow and support it.