bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome sequencing of Coryphaenoides yaquinae reveals convergent and lineage‐specific molecular evolution in deep‐sea adaptation
Authors: Li Wenhao , Song Jie , Tu Huaming , Jiang Shouwen , Pan Binbin , Li Jiazhen , Zhao Yongpeng , Chen Liangbiao , Xu Qianghua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAbyssal (3501–6500 m) and hadal (>6500 m) fauna evolve under harsh abiotic stresses, characterized by high hydrostatic pressure, darkness and food shortage, providing unique opportunities to investigate mechanisms underlying environmental adaptation. Genomes of several hadal species have recently been reported. However, the genetic adaptation of deep sea species across a broad spectrum of ocean depths has yet to be thoroughly investigated, due to the challenges imposed by collecting the deep sea species. To elucidate the correlation between genetic innovation and vertical distribution, we generated a chromosome‐level genome assembly of the macrourids Coryphaenoides yaquinae, which is widely distributed in the abyssal/hadal zone ranging from 3655 to 7259 m in depth. Genomic comparisons among shallow, abyssal and hadal‐living species identified idiosyncratic and convergent genetic alterations underlying the extraordinary adaptations of deep‐sea species including light perception, circadian regulation, hydrostatic pressure and hunger tolerance. The deep‐sea fishes (Coryphaenoides Sp. and Pseudoliparis swirei) venturing into various ocean depths independently have undergone convergent amino acid substitutions in multiple proteins such as rhodopsin 1, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 and melanocortin 4 receptor which are known or verified in zebrafish to be related with vision adaptation and energy expenditure. Convergent evolution events were also identified in heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1 and valosin‐containing protein genes known to be related to hydrostatic pressure adaptation specifically in fishes found around the hadal range. The uncovering of the molecular convergence among the deep‐sea species shed new light on the common genetic innovations required for deep‐sea adaptation by the fishes.
Long‐term outcomes in advanced anterior skull base malignancy: a single quaternary institution experience
Authors: Barnett Catherine , Bowman James , Ladwa Rahul , McGrath Margaret , Liu Howard , Gandhi Mitesh , Zahir Syeda Farah , Porceddu Sandro , Panizza Benedict 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced skull base malignancies are a heterogenous subset of head and neck cancers, and management is often complex. In recent times, there has been a paradigm shift in surgical technique and the advent of novel systemic options. Our goal was to analyse the long‐term outcomes of a single quaternary head and neck and skull base service.MethodsA retrospective review of 127 patients with advanced anterior skull base malignancies that were treated at our institution between 1999 and 2015 was performed. Multiple variables were investigated to assess their significance on 5 and 10‐year outcomes.ResultsThe mean age was 60.9 (± 12.6 SD). Sixty‐four percent were males and 36% were females. Ninety percent of patients had T4 disease. Median survival time was 133 months. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 66.2%, disease‐specific survival (DSS) was 74.7%, and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was 65.0%. The 10‐year OS was 55.1%, DSS was 72.1%, and RFS was 53.4%. Histological type and margin status significantly affected OS & DSS.ConclusionSurgical management of advanced skull base tumours has evolved over the last few decades at our institution with acceptable survival outcomes and complication rates. Histological diagnosis and margin status are the main predictors of survival. The addition of neoadjuvant systemic agents in current trials may improve outcomes.
Long‐term patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) after primary ventral or small midline incisional hernia repair
Authors: Mills Joanna M. Z. , Luscombe Georgina M. , Hugh Thomas J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundVentral hernia repair is a common elective surgical procedure lacking strong evidence for specific operative approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of primary suture repair or polypropylene sandwich mesh repair for ventral hernias. The main outcome measures were the rate of hernia recurrence, and evaluation of long‐term complications and patient‐reported outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study evaluated patient perceived recurrence and pain in patients who had undergone a primary ventral hernia (epigastric, supraumbilical, or umbilical) repair or small (≤20 mm) midline incisional hernia repair 10 years after the procedure. Short‐term follow‐up occurred up to 6 weeks after the initial operation, while long‐term follow‐up included patients who were reviewed clinically or interviewed via telephone at or beyond 3 years after the procedure.ResultsMost (75/100, 75.0%) patients had an extra‐peritoneal sandwich mesh repair. Short‐term follow‐up showed minimal pain and normal activities for all patients (97/97, 100%). Long‐term follow‐up (median 12 years [IQR 11–13]) was achieved in 95.9% (93/97) of patients with only a small number reporting a slight bulge (5/93, 5.4%) and intermittent mild discomfort (8/93, 8.6%). Nine patients (9/97, 9.3%) experienced hernia recurrence, diagnosed at a median of 26 months [interquartile range, IQR, 7–58] post‐operatively.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that an open sandwich mesh technique is a safe and effective method for repairing primary ventral hernias and small midline incisional hernias and is associated with favourable long‐term patient‐reported outcomes.
Oxygenated versus non‐oxygenated flush out during deceased donor liver procurement: The first proof‐of‐concept study in humans
Authors: Fernandes Eduardo de Souza Martins , Corrêa Raphael Rodrigues , Furtado Rodrigo Lopes Leite , Brüggenwirth Isabel M. A. , Yang Cindy , de Mello Felipe Pedreira Tavares , de Oliveira Andrade Ronaldo , Pimentel Leandro Moreira Savattone , Girão Camila Liberato , César Camilla , Siqueira Munique Ana Pimentel , Braga Eduardo Pinho , Carvalho Angela Cristina Gouvea , Porte Robert J. , Bouskela Eliete 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundLiver transplantation is used for treating end‐stage liver disease, fulminant hepatitis, and oncological malignancies and organ shortage is a major limiting factor worldwide. The use of grafts based on extended donor criteria have become internationally accepted. Oxygenated machine perfusion technologies are the most recent advances in organ transplantation; however, it is only applied after a period of cold ischemia. Due to its high cost, we aimed to use a novel device, OxyFlush®, based on oxygenation of the preservation solution, applied during liver procurement targeting the maintenance of ATP during static cold storage (SCS).MethodsTwenty patients were randomly assigned to the OxyFlush or control group based on a 1:1 ratio. In the OxyFlush group, the perfusion solution was oxygenated with OxyFlush® device while the control group received a non‐oxygenated solution. Liver and the common bile duct (CBD) biopsies were obtained at three different time points. The first was at the beginning of the procedure, the second during organ preparation, and the third after total liver reperfusion. Biopsies were analyzed, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and histological scores of the liver parenchyma and CBD were assessed. Postoperative laboratory tests were performed.ResultsOxyFlush® was able to maintain ATP levels during SCS and improved the damage caused by the lack of oxygen in the CBD. However, OxyFlush® did not affect laboratory test results and histological findings of the parenchyma.ConclusionWe present a novel low‐cost device that is feasible and could represent a valuable tool in organ preservation during SCS.
Rethinking ‘family’: A call for conceptual amelioration
Authors: Lam Ryan Xia‐Hui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe modern concept of ‘family’ in the United States recognizes many types of social groups as families, a conceptual shift which was largely helped along by advancements in assisted reproductive technologies enabling those formerly unable to biologically reproduce to have children, as well as by social movements aimed at garnering recognition for these emergent nonbiologically related social groups spearheaded by LGBTQ+ and adoption activists. That these social groups are now recognized as types of families is unquestionably an improvement to the concept, though there are still defects in the concept that preclude these nonnuclear families from achieving the same social–ontological status as nuclear families. Drawing from the nascent philosophical field of conceptual engineering, I analyze our current conception of ‘family’ and argue that it is tacitly exclusionary of nonnuclear families, which can be attributed to a combination of widespread genetic essentialism and linguistic practices that unduly cast the nuclear family as a more desirable type of family by emphasizing genetic relatedness as a valuable quality. I then offer proposals to ameliorate these defects, such as educational interventions to reduce genetic essentialism and the introduction of new terminology that does not connote one type of family as being superior to another. In doing so, my hope is to reveal and begin to resolve an overlooked defect in the concept of ‘family’ in order to bolster the movement to view all families as equal.
Intracerebellar administration of the chemokine Cxcl3 reduces the volume of medulloblastoma lesions at an advanced stage by promoting the migration and differentiation of preneoplastic precursor cells
Authors: Ceccarelli Manuela , Rossi Sabrina , Bonaventura Fabrizio , Massari Roberto , D'Elia Annunziata , Soluri Andrea , Micheli Laura , D'Andrea Giorgio , Mancini Barbara , Raspa Marcello , Scavizzi Ferdinando , Alaggio Rita , Del Bufalo Francesca , Miele Evelina , Carai Andrea , Mastronuzzi Angela , Tirone Felice 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe prognosis for many pediatric brain tumors, including cerebellar medulloblastoma (MB), remains dismal but there is promise in new therapies. We have previously generated a mouse model developing spontaneous MB at high frequency, Ptch1+/−/Tis21−/−. In this model, reproducing human tumorigenesis, we identified the decline of the Cxcl3 chemokine in cerebellar granule cell precursors (GCPs) as responsible for a migration defect, which causes GCPs to stay longer in the proliferative area rather than differentiate and migrate internally, making them targets of transforming insults. We demonstrated that 4‐week Cxcl3 infusion in cerebella of 1‐month‐old mice, at the initial stage of MB formation, forces preneoplastic GCPs (pGCPs) to leave lesions and differentiate, with a complete suppression of MB development. In this study, we sought to verify the effect of 4‐week Cxcl3 treatment in 3‐month‐old Ptch1+/−/Tis21−/− mice, when MB lesions are at an advanced, irreversible stage. We found that Cxcl3 treatment reduces tumor volumes by sevenfold and stimulates the migration and differentiation of pGCPs from the lesion to the internal cerebellar layers. We also tested whether the pro‐migratory action of Cxcl3 favors metastases formation, by xenografting DAOY human MB cells in the cerebellum of immunosuppressed mice. We showed that DAOY cells express the Cxcl3 receptor, Cxcr2, and that Cxcl3 triggers their migration. However, Cxcl3 did not significantly affect the frequency of metastases or the growth of DAOY‐generated MBs. Finally, we mapped the expression of the Cxcr2 receptor in human MBs, by evaluating a well‐characterized series of 52 human MBs belonging to different MB molecular subgroups. We found that Cxcr2 was variably expressed in all MB subgroups, suggesting that Cxcl3 could be used for therapy of different MBs.
Neuroimaging and clinical features of bilateral Wallerian degeneration of middle cerebellar peduncles subsequent to pontine infarction
Authors: Zhang Yao , Wei Ting , Yu Hui , Li Wenli , Luo Wenqian , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveWallerian degeneration (WD) of the middle cerebellar peduncles (MCPs) following pontine infarction is a rare secondary degenerative neurological condition. Due to its infrequency, there is limited research on its characteristics.MethodsThis study aims to present three cases of WD of MCPs following pontine infarction and to analyze the prognosis, clinical manifestations, and neuroimaging features by amalgamating our cases with previously reported ones.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 25 cases, comprising 18 men and 7 women aged 29 to 77 years (mean age: 66.2 years). The majority of patients (94%) exhibit risk factors for cerebrovascular disease, with hypertension being the primary risk factor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect WD of MCPs within a range of 21 days to 12 months following pontine infarction. This degeneration is characterized by bilateral symmetric hyperintensities on T2/FLAIR‐weighted images (WI) lesions in the MCPs. Moreover, restricted diffusion, with hyperintensity on diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) and low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) signal intensity may be observed as early as 21 days after the infarction. Upon detection of WD, it was observed that 20 patients (80%) remained asymptomatic during subsequent clinic visits, while four (16%) experienced a worsening of pre‐existing symptoms.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of neurologists enhancing their understanding of this condition by gaining fresh insights into the neuroimaging characteristics, clinical manifestations, and prognosis of individuals with WD of bilateral MCPs.
Divine presence in Human world: The place of the Communicatio Idiomatum in Lundensian theology
Authors: Park Yong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe classic concept of the communicatio idiomatum, “communication of attributes,” is as indispensable as it is central to Lutheran theology. The councils of Nicaea (325 CE) and Chalcedon (451 CE) affirmed that Jesus Christ is one person with two natures: human and divine. The divine attributes and the human attributes communicate with one another while remaining distinct. “In, with, and under” the historical Jesus with his human attributes, Lutherans exclaim, the eternal Christ with his divine attributes is present. Martin Luther (1483–1546) adds a comparable role for the communicatio idiomatum within soteriology. The attributes of Christ communicate with the human attributes of the person of faith. Theologians have tried to find answers about how Christ's divine and human natures exist in the person of Christ for forgiveness of our sin. Lundensian theology argues that God abandoned Himself to the death on the cross through Christ spontaneously. Its emphasis offers innovation while remaining within classic orthodox parameters.
Healthcare professional perspectives on improving inter‐pregnancy care after a baby loss for women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Dyer Eleanor , Bell Ruth , Graham Ruth , Rankin Judith 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsWomen with diabetes (WWD) (type 1 and type 2) are around four times more likely to experience baby loss: miscarriage, stillbirth, neonatal death or termination of pregnancy for medical reasons. Many WWD become pregnant again soon after loss. This study aimed to explore healthcare professional perspectives on improving inter‐pregnancy care for WWD after baby loss, as they play a crucial role in facilitating access to support for WWD to prepare for subsequent pregnancy.MethodsEighteen healthcare professionals recruited through social media and professional networks between November 2020 and July 2021 participated in a semi‐structured remote interview. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree main themes were identified: (1) supporting WWD who want to become pregnant again after baby loss; (2) recognising multiple hidden burdens in the inter‐pregnancy interval after loss; (3) discontinuities and constraints in inter‐pregnancy care. Most participants tended to assume WWD wanted time and space before thinking about pregnancy after loss, so they did not routinely broach the subject. Participants reported receiving little or no training on managing sensitive conversations. Care provision varied across providers, and unclear referral pathways were challenging to navigate. Participants reported concerns that not all healthcare professionals knew how to mitigate pregnancy risks.ConclusionsIt is unclear who is responsible for supporting WWDs preconception health between baby loss and subsequent pregnancy. Healthcare professionals may be reticent to initiate conversations about pregnancy for fear of causing upset or distress. Future research is required to scope out ways to raise awareness among healthcare professionals and practical tips on sensitively raising the topic of subsequent pregnancy.
Which is the best glomerular filtration marker: Creatinine, cystatin C or both?
Authors: Stehlé Thomas , Delanaye Pierre 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is estimated by the serum or plasma concentration of creatinine and/or cystatin C using equations that include demographic data. The equations worldwide most widely used are those of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD‐EPI) consortium and updated in 2021 to remove the Afro‐American racial correction factor. In 2021 and then in 2023, the European Kidney Function Consortium also developed equations based on creatinine and cystatin C, usable across the full age spectrum, and constructed by including the Q value (i.e. the median creatinine or cystatin C in healthy men and women, which is customizable for specific populations).MethodsThe aim of this narrative review is to examine the strengths and weaknesses of each biomarker.ResultsBoth biomarkers have non‐GFR determinants, namely muscle mass, protein intake and tubular secretion for creatinine; dysthyroidism and systemic corticosteroids for cystatin C, as well as other more debated determinants (diabetes, obesity, proteinuria, inflammatory syndrome). These non‐GFR determinants are the reason why no equation based on a single endogenous biomarker has an accuracy within 30% greater than 90% over the entire age spectrum (in at least one patient in 10, estimated GFR is at least 30% higher or at least 30% lower than the measured GFR).ConclusionEquations combining the two biomarkers provide a better estimate of GFR, particularly in the subgroup of patients whose estimates based on each of the biomarkers are highly discordant. These patients must also be identified as being at increased risk of morbidity, particularly cardiovascular, and mortality.
A knowledge synthesis of health research reporting standards relevant to epilepsy surgery
Authors: Kwon Churl‐Su , Chua Melissa M. J. , Jetté Nathalie , Rolston John D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveNumerous studies have examined epilepsy surgery outcomes, yet the variability in the level of detail reported hampers our ability to apply these findings broadly across patient groups. Established reporting standards in other clinical research fields enhance the quality and generalizability of results, ensuring that the insights gained from studying these surgeries can benefit future patients effectively. This study aims to assess current reporting standards for epilepsy surgery research and identify potential gaps and areas for enhancement.MethodsThe Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research (EQUATOR) repository was accessed from inception to April 27, 2023, yielding 561 available reporting standards. Reporting standards were manually reviewed in duplicate independently for applicability to epilepsy and/or neurosurgery research. The reporting standards had to cover the following aspects in human studies: (1) reporting standards for epilepsy/epilepsy surgery and (2) reporting standards for neurosurgery. Disagreements were resolved by a third author. The top five neurosurgery, neurology, and medicine journals were also identified through Google Scholar's citation index and examined to determine the relevant reporting standards they recommended and whether those were registered with EQUATOR.ResultsOf the 561 EQUATOR reporting standards, 181 were pertinent to epilepsy surgery. One was related to epilepsy, six were specific to surgical research, and nine were related to neurological/neurosurgical research. The remaining 165 reporting standards were applicable to research across various disciplines and included but were not limited to CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trails), STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology), and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses). None of these required reporting factors associated with epilepsy surgery outcomes, such as duration of epilepsy or magnetic resonance imaging findings.SignificanceReporting standards specific to epilepsy surgery are lacking, reflecting a gap in standards that may affect the quality of publications. Improving this gap with a set of specific reporting standards would ensure that epilepsy surgery studies are more transparent and rigorous in their design.
Strain distribution of a fir‐tree tenon/mortise structure under combined high and low cycle fatigue loads
Authors: Yan Han , Ding Xin , Huang Dawei , Yan Xiaojun , Yang Xingyu , Liu Haohao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe fir‐tree tenon/mortise structure in areo‐engine suffers from the combined high and low cycle fatigue (CCF) loads during service. The structural integrity of the tenon/mortise structure is significantly affected by the local strain distribution, while the strain value under the CCF loads is difficult to acquire. In this study, a simulated specimen of tenon/mortise structure is designed, and the CCF test is carried out using a divided‐path loading fixture to avoid interference between the high cycle fatigue (HCF) loads and the low cycle fatigue (LCF) loads. The high speed digital image correlation (DIC) method is adopted to acquire the real‐time strain distribution during CCF test. According to the strain results, the critical position of the mortise and its strain variation are determined. The high cycle strain of the mortise is proportional to the vibration amplitude of the tenon. The experimental results can provide basis for strength and life assessment.
A rare presentation of isolated candidal hepatic abscess in a maintenance hemodialysis patient
Authors: Asokan Arunkumar , Maiti Judhajit , Mathew Gerry George , Jayaprakash Varadharajan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA 61‐year‐old female with diabetes and stage 5 chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis since 3 years via left brachiocephalic arteriovenous fistula presented with uncontrolled sugars, weight loss, and dysphagia. On evaluation, she was found to have an oral thrush with leucocytosis. Initial blood and urine cultures were sterile, and ultrasonography revealed hypoechoic lesions in the left lobe of the liver. She had high‐grade fever followed by seizures on postadmission Day 10. Brain imaging and serum electrolytes were normal. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was noncontributory, and urine culture revealed Candida non‐albicans with elevated white blood cell counts. She was started on fluconazole; however, her clinical condition deteriorated, with hemodynamic instability. Repeat abdominal computerized tomography revealed increasing hypodense lesions in the left lobe of the liver with elevated beta D glucan levels. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess revealed no fungal elements. In view of clinical deterioration, amphotericin B was started, which resulted in clinical improvement. Clinician should have high index of suspicion for fungal etiology in hemodialysis patients presenting with liver abscess.