bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal birch: results of infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Обухова И. А. , Пименов С. Д. , Лобок И. Д. 
Published: July 2024

В работе рассматривается применение современного физического метода исследования Фурье ИК- (инфракрасной) спектроскопии с целью установления зависимости параметров путем деконволюции поглощательной способности природной древесины лиственных пород: плотности водородных связей, энергии Н-связей, длины водородных связей при трёх типах Н-связей, характерных для целлюлозосодержащего растительного древесного сырья. Особенности межмолекулярного взаимодействия в древесине различных пород и сезонов года в сравнении с технической целлюлозой имеют дополнительную характеристику метода Фурье ИК-спектроскопии для эффективного механизма предсказания физико-механических свойств древесных целлюлозосодержащих материалов, для оценки природы химических связей в структуре древесных материалов, механической прочности. Целью целлюлозно-бумажного комбината является производство высококачественной технической целлюлозы. Для достижения этой задачи было выполнено сравнение показателей деконволюции современного метода исследования ИК-спектроскопии водородных связей гидроксильных групп ОН, включая влияние метил-метилен СН валентных колебаний. Одним из показателей, используемых в сравнении методов, является коэффициент регрессии, который является мерой точности полученных результатов. В данном исследовании, значение коэффициента регрессии R^ составляет у образцов 0,999, что указывает на очень высокую степень достоверности полученных данных.
The paper considers the application of a modern physical method for studying Fourier IR (infrared) spectroscopy in order to establish the dependence of parameters by deconvolution of the absorptive capacity of natural hardwood: hydrogen bond density, H-bond energy, hydrogen bond length for three types of H-bonds characteristic of cellulose-containing vegetable wood raw material. Features of intermolecular interaction in wood of various species and seasons of the year in comparison with technical cellulose have an additional characteristic of the Fourier IR spectroscopy method for an effective mechanism for predicting the physical and mechanical properties of wood pulp-containing materials, for assessing the nature of chemical bonds in the structure of wood materials, mechanical strength. The purpose of the pulp and paper mill is to produce high-quality industrial pulp. To achieve this goal, a comparison was made of the deconvolution performance of a modern method for studying FTIR-spectroscopy of hydrogen bonds of hydroxyl groups OH, including the influence of methyl-methylene CH stretching vibrations. One of the indicators used in comparing methods is the regression coefficient R^, which is a measure of the accuracy of the results obtained. In this study, the regression coefficient value for the samples is 0.999, which indicates a very high degree of reliability of the data obtained.
Study of bird migrations under changing weather conditions to preserve arctic ecosystems. Part 1: Arctic tern (<i>Sterna paradisaea</i>)
Authors: Khokhlova L. P. , Mandryka O. N. 
Published: July 2024

Climate-driven changes in weather conditions have a widespread impact on bird migration timing and routes. The present study examines the annual cycle and migrations of the Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea), one of the dominant Arctic species. The long-term data on the population dynamics of the Arctic Tern are summarized. Temperature and relative air humidity are shown to be the decisive factors in the migration of this species under changing weather conditions. The obtained results can provide a basis for biological monitoring.
A pragmatic approach of hydrochemical and irrigation indices of groundwater quality of district Ballia, U.P. India
Authors: Verma Sumant Kumar , ShriRam  
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

In the groundwater aquifer media, enormous amounts of ions can be found naturally in rocks from the Pleistocene and Holocene ages. There are several reports of metals and ionic contamination in the different blocks of the Ballia district. This article focuses on a thorough investigation of the hydrogeochemical properties and the cause of ionic contamination in the Ballia district's groundwater system. This article discusses the interactions between the numerous cations and anions that are hydro-geologically present as well as several physico-chemical factors. The relationship analysis was conducted utilizing irrigation indices and a Stufzand classification, which was further supported by a Durov and Stiff plot. The Durov shows the mineralization of the aquifer by sand and evaporates of geological formation. The Gibbs plot shows that the rock–water interaction, weathering of silicates, evaporates dissolution, carbonate dissolution, and anthropogenic activities. The Stiff shows the highest concentration of Mg-rich minerals and Cl due to the weathering of calcite, amphiboles, and anthropogenic activities also proven by the Irrigation indices and Stufzand classification. The high water quality index (WQI) value was discovered to be mostly due to greater EC, total dissolved solids, hardness, nitrate, sulfate, chloride, and magnesium levels in groundwater.
An Insight into Biodegradable Polymers and their Biomedical Applications for Wound Healing
Authors: Halder Tripti , Barot Harshit , Kumar Bhavna , Kaushik Vishakha , Patel Hiren , Bhut Hastik , Saha Bijit , Poddar Sibani , Acharya Niyati 
Published: July 2024

:
Biodegradable polymers, encompassing both natural and synthetic polymers, have demonstrated efficacy
as carriers for synthetic drugs, natural bioactive molecules, and inorganic metals. This is due to their
ability to control the release of these substances. As a result, various advanced materials, such as nanoparticle-
loaded hydrogels, nanofibrous scaffolds, and nanocomposites, have been developed. These materials have
shown promise in enhancing processes, such as cell proliferation, vascular angiogenesis, hair growth, and
wound healing management. Natural polymers, including hyaluronic acid, collagen, chitosan, gelatin, and alginate,
as well as synthetic polymers like polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polylactic co-glycolic acid, and
PCA, have significant potential for promoting wound healing. This study examines the advancements in
biodegradable polymers for wound healing, specifically focusing on each polymer and its distinctive formulations.
It also discusses the in-vitro experiments conducted using different cell lines, as well as the in-vivo
studies that explore the numerous uses of these polymers in wound healing. The discussion also included the
exploration of modifications or combinations of several polymers, as well as surface changes, in order to produce
synergistic effects and address the limitations of individual polymers. The goal was to expedite the healing
process of different chronic wounds. Due to this, there have been notable advancements in the technological
use of polymeric mixes, including biodegradable polymer-based scaffolds, which have accelerated the process
of wound healing.
Lingguizhugan Decoction Improved Obesity by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and its Metabolites in Mice
Authors: Wang Meiling , Li Hairong , Liu Chunmei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wu Qian , Yang Yubin 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The global obese population is rapidly increasing, urgently requiring the development of effective and safe weight-loss medications. The classic Chinese medicine formulation Lingguizhugan Decoction has exerted a significant anti-obesity effect. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear.

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the mechanism of LGZGD in the treatment of obesity based on the gut microbiota and its metabolites.

Methods:
Three different dosages of LGZGD were gavaged to ob/ob mice for 8 weeks. Body mass and visceral fat mass were evaluated. Additionally, the changes in gut microbiota, fecal and plasma metabolites in mice after LGZGD treatment were analyzed by metagenomics and non-targeted metabolomics.

Results:
The results demonstrated a significant anti-obesity effect of LGZGD treatment in ob/ob mice. Fur-thermore, the metagenomic analysis revealed that LGZGD reduced the ratio of Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes (F to B) in the gut, restored gut microbiota diversity, and identified 3 enriched KEGG pathways, including energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and energy production and conversion pathways. Based on non-targeted metab-olomics analysis, 20 key metabolites in the feces and 30 key metabolites in the plasma responding to LGZGD treatment were identified, and the levels of Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Myristoleic acid (MA) might be the metabolites related to gut microbiota after LGZGD treatment. Their biological functions were mainly re-lated to the metabolism pathway.

Conclusions:
These findings suggested that LGZGD had therapeutic potential for obesity. The mechanism of LGZGD alleviating obesity was associated with improving dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. LDZGD affected gut microbiota-derived metabolites of EPA and MA and may act on energy metabolism pathways.
Role of Cytochrome P450 3A4 in Cancer Drug Resistance: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Pandey Swaroop Kumar , Verma Sona , Upreti Shobha , Mishra Anuja , Yadav Neha , Dwivedi-Agnihotri Hemlata 
Published: July 2024

:
One of the biggest obstacles to the treatment of diseases, particularly serious conditions like cancer,
is therapeutic resistance. The process of drug resistance is influenced by a number of important variables, including
MDR genes, drug efflux, low-quality medications, inadequate dosage, etc. Drug resistance must be addressed,
and new combinations based on the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) characteristics of
the partner pharmaceuticals must be developed in order to extend the half-lives of already available medications.
The primary mechanism of drug elimination is hepatic biotransformation of medicines by cytochrome
P450 (CYP) enzymes; of these CYPs, CYP3A4 makes up 30–40% of all known cytochromes that metabolize
medications. Induction or inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated metabolism affects the pharmacokinetics of most
anticancer drugs, but these details are not fully understood and highlighted because of the complexity of tumor
microenvironments and various influencing patient related factors. The involvement of CYPs, particularly
CYP3A4 and other drug-metabolizing enzymes, in cancer medication resistance will be covered in the current
review.
GC-MS/MS Analysis and Wound Repair Potential of Urtica dioica Essential Oil: In silico Modeling and In vivo Study in Rats
Authors: Chira Ahlem Ben , Kadmi Yassine , Badraoui Riadh , Aouadi Kaïss , Alhawday Fahad , Boudaya Mariem , Jamoussi Kamel , Kallel Choumous , El Feki Abdelfattah , Kadri Adel , Saoudi Mongi 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The study aimed to assess the antioxidant and wound healing properties
of Urtica dioica essential oil (UDEO) through a comprehensive evaluation involving in silico, in
vitro, and in vivo analyses. The phytochemistry of UDEO was also investigated to identify trace
compounds crucial.

Methods:
Various injection methods of the multimode inlet (MMI) in chromatography were
investigated to attain lower instrumental detection limits. Subsequently, in silico studies were
employed to delve deeper into the potential biological activities of the identified compounds.
Standard antioxidative tests, encompassing ABTS•+ and TAC, were performed. In vivo tests centered
on wound healing were implemented using rat models. The rats were randomly allocated to
four groups: saline solution, vaseline vehicle, cytol centella, and 5% UDEO ointment. Wound
healing progress was evaluated through a chromatic study.

Results:
Gas chromatography combined with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)
analysis revealed the presence of 97 thermolabile compounds in UDEO. Subsequent in silico
studies unveiled the potential of identified compounds to inhibit COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6, suggesting
a possible enhancement of anti-inflammatory responses and healing processes. In vitro
tests elucidated the notable antioxidant capacity of UDEO, a finding reinforced by wound healing
data, revealing a substantial closure rate of 89% following the topical application of UDEO.
Notably, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly reduced, indicating
minimized oxidative stress damage compared to control. Additionally, UDEO exhibited an increase
in antioxidant enzyme activities compared to control.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that UDEO possesses significant antioxidant and wound-healing
properties, supported by its rich phytochemical composition. The findings suggest its potential
application in therapeutic interventions for oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Amino Acid and Peptide Conjugates of 5-Bromovaleric Acid
Authors: Kumar Saurav , Kaur Harpreet , Kumar Sahil , Verma Nitin , Singh Rajesh Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Among various carboxylic acid derivatives, valeric acid or pentanoic acid
is found to be widely distributed in nature. It is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid containing
five carbon atoms. Due to the therapeutic value of valeric acid, it is used as a versatile nucleus in
the pharmaceutical field. Valeric acid derivatives are associated with a broad spectrum of biological
activities, like anticonvulsant, antiplatelet, antidiabetic, and plant growth activities.

Aim:
It has previously been revealed that peptide derivatives of carboxylic acids are accountable
for enhanced antimicrobial activity. Therefore, it was hypothesized that coupling peptides with
valeric acid would increase the antimicrobial properties of the target compounds. So, the objective
of the present study was to synthesize peptide derivatives of 5-bromovaleric acid and evaluate their
antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Methods:
5-bromovaleric acid was synthesized by the reaction of cyclopentanone and hydrogen
peroxide in the presence of copper bromide and sodium bromide. Additionally, 5-bromovaleric acid
was coupled with amino acid methyl esters, dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides in the presence
of dicyclohexylcarbodimide (DCC) and N-methylmorpholine (NMM) as a base under continuous
stirring for 36 hours to produce its peptide derivatives.

Results:
The results obtained showed that 5-bromovaleric acid possesses more potent antibacterial
activity than N-terminal 5-bromovaleric acid conjugates of selected di-, tri, and tetra peptide Cterminal
methyl esters against ciprofloxacin as a standard. The selected dipeptide and tripeptide Nterminal
5-bromovaleric acid-conjugated C-terminal methyl ester derivatives were more active than
the selected tetrapeptide methyl ester analogue. Using fluconazole as a reference, the antifungal
efficacy of 5-bromovaleric acid against C. albicans and A. niger declined as it was combined with
C-terminal methyl esters of selected dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides.

Conclusion:
The novel selected peptide derivatives had less antibacterial and antifungal action than
the parent 5-bromovaleric acid. Antibacterial and antifungal investigations showed that 5-
bromopentanoic acid peptide derivatives might impair antimicrobial efficacy. Further, attaching 5-
bromopentanoic acid to di, tri, and tetra peptides did not boost their antibacterial potential.
Assessment of the Detoxification Potential of Modified Biochar from Annona senegalensis Stem Bark on Cr6+ and Cu2+ in Aqueous Solution: An
Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Aminu Omale , Romanus Ekere Nwachukwu , Audu Omale Jamila , Ngozi Ihedioha Janefrances , Asabe Negedu Ramatu , Attah Egu Samuel 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Environmental contamination of the air, water, soil, and food has become a
threat to the continued existence of many plant and animal communities in the ecosystem. The chemically
activated stem bark of Anonna senegalensis was examined for equilibrium sorption.

Methods:
This study aimed to assess the adsorption of Cr6+ and Cu2+ onto Annona senegalensis carbon
(ASC) according to the following parameters: pH, solution temperature, starting metal ion concentration,
agitation duration, dose of adsorbent, particle size, and carbonization temperature using a
simultaneous batch adsorption method. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intra-particle diffusion
kinetic, Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were all
fitted using the equilibrium sorption data that were produced. Thermodynamic parameters of the
adsorption studies were also evaluated.

Results:
The physicochemical analysis of ASC showed ash content of 7.21 ± 0.02%, moisture content
of 11.73 ± 0.29%, and porosity of 0.99 ± 0.08 with bulk density of 0.18 g/cm3. The heavy metalloaded
scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph showed a filled pit, and the XRD diffractogram,
as well as FTIR spectra, revealed peaks that were different from the raw spectra, implying
functionalization. The sorption data gave optimum conditions of the adsorption process to be pH of
6, agitation time of 88 minutes, adsorbent dose of 2.5 g/g, initial metal ion concentration of 5 mg/L,
temperature of 30°C, particle size of 0.154 mm and carbonization temperature of 400°C.

Conclusion:
The Langmuir isotherm was found to give the best-fit conformation of all the models
based on superior R2 (R2 ≥0.99). Dubinin-Radushkevich proved the mechanism to be physisorption.
The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best fits the data with R2 of 0.998 and 0.986 for Cr6+ and
Cu2+. Thermodynamic results of the study revealed that ΔHᵒ for Cr6+ and Cu2+ were 32.78 and 27.14
KJ/mol and are all positive, implying an endothermic process and confirming the physisorption
mechanism. The entropy change, ΔSᵒ, was also positive, revealing a high degree of disorderliness at
the sorbate/sorbent interphase. The standard Gibbs free energy, ΔGᵒ, were all negative, showing
spontaneity and feasibility.
In silico Screening of Plectranthus amboinicus and Hyptis suaveolens Phytochemicals: Novel Repellents Targeting Odorant Binding Proteins of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Authors: Jebastin Thomas , Wilson Jeyaraj John , Sisubalan Natarajan , Sudhakar Dharmarajan Raja , Sivamaruthi Bhagavathi Sundaram , Abuthakir Mohamed Husain Syed , Sevarkodiyone Subramanian , Chaiyasut Chaiyavat 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aim:
Mosquitoes significantly threaten public health, transmitting dangerous diseases to humans and animals. Conventional insecticide spraying, while common, has limitations in effectively controlling vector-borne diseases. Many chemical pesticides harm humans and animals, and some persist in the environment and cause toxic effects. Recently, there has been renewed interest in plant-based products due to concerns about insecticide re-sistance, cross-resistance, potential toxicity associated with synthetic options, and rising costs. Therefore, this study aimed to screen the Plectranthus amboinicus and Hyptis suaveolens phy-tochemicals targeting the odorant binding proteins (OBPs) of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopic-tus.

Methods:
In this study, we conducted molecular docking analyses using specific plant-derived compounds from H. suaveolens and P. amboinicus.

Results:
We focused on the interaction of these compounds with OBPs from dengue and chikungunya vectors (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus). The selected phytochemical com-pounds exhibited strong binding with the OBP of both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Tetrahy-drofuran-2-carboxylic acid, Carvacryl acetate, and Brallobarbital showed high binding affinity and significant interaction with Ae. aegypti. Tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid and 3-Methyl-4-isopropylphenol also demonstrated substantial binding affinity and effective interaction with Ae. albopictus OBP.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that the identified compounds can potentially disrupt the attraction of mosquitoes to humans, thus reducing human-vector contact. They may offer a promising alternative for developing natural and efficient mosquito repellents, surpassing cur-rently used synthetic options like N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, and other conventional repel-lents.
Optimization of Performance, Emissions, and Vibration in a
Hydrogen-Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Shaik Subani , Domakonda Vinay Kumar , Shaik Farooq , T Ch Anil Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Dual-fuel diesel engines using hydrogen as a secondary fuel source are a
promising technology for reducing emissions while maintaining engine performance. However, optimizing these engines for all three aspects (performance, emissions, and vibration) simultaneously
presents a challenge.

Objective:
This study aimed to address this challenge by employing Response Surface Methodology, a statistical technique used to optimize multi-variable processes. The goal was to find the ideal
combination of engine load, hydrogen flow rate, and compression ratio that would maximize Brake
Thermal Efficiency while minimizing Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption, Nitrogen Oxide emissions, and engine vibration.

Method:
A Box-Behnken design, a specific type of design optimization with three factors and three
levels, was employed. The experiment evaluated the impact of three key factors: engine load (ranging from 0 - 12 kg), hydrogen flow rate (0-15 L/min), and compression ratio (16 to 18:1). The effects of these factors on performance, emissions, and vibration were measured.

Results:
The results revealed a trade-off between achieving optimal performance and minimizing
emissions. The highest Brake Thermal Efficiency and lowest Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption
were achieved at a high compression ratio (18:1), maximum hydrogen flow rate (15 L/min), and
under full engine load (12 kg), corresponding to a brake power of 3.5 kW. However, these conditions also resulted in higher NOx emissions and vibration levels. Conversely, minimizing NOx and
vibration occurred at a lower compression ratio (16:1), with the same maximum hydrogen flow rate
(15 L/min), but at a significantly reduced engine load (3 kg), resulting in a much lower brake power
of 0.875 kW.

Conclusion:
These findings highlight the complex relationship between performance, emissions,
and vibration in a hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine optimized using Response Surface Methodology. While optimal conditions were identified for specific goals, achieving all desired characteristics
simultaneously across the entire operating range remains a challenge.
An Update on the Association of COVID-19 and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Wal Pranay , Grover Poorvi , Sahapuriya Princi , Solunke Rahul Shivajirao , Aziz Namra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown have sparked global terror and apprehension.
This phenomenon has led to short-term as well as long-term psychosocial and mental health implications
for all. This paper aims at reviewing the prevalence, pathophysiology and treatment of various
neuropsychiatric disorders in the pandemic era. We conducted a review and collected articles before
and during the COVID-19 pandemic and presented a comparative study of the prevalence of neuropsychiatric
disorders before COVID-19 and during COVID-19 pandemic. We selected articles and
thematically organized them. Prevalence, pathophysiology, and treatment techniques were studied.
We can conclude that the time has come to ensure that the special opportunities presented by this
pandemic can translate advocacy to resourcing, ensuring that actionable outputs are delivered for
better mental health services. This is necessary given the ground level as well as grassroots support
for increased funding for mental health services as well as the apparent desire across all sectors for
improved service provision. Longitudinal investigations are required for the assessment of long-lived
psychological disorders of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings need comprehensive evaluation
and rehabilitation post-COVID-19 to promote quality of life.