bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal relations between future time perspective and academic achievement among adolescents: A four‐wave longitudinal study
Authors: Hao Haiping , Li Xiaobao , Jiang Hong , Lyu Houchao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionAdolescents’ academic achievement is closely associated with their future time perspective. However, the reciprocal nature of this relationship remains ambiguous due to a lack of longitudinal studies. This study investigated the developmental trajectories of future time perspective and academic achievement among adolescents, as well as reciprocal relations between future time perspective and academic achievement.MethodsBetween 2017 and 2019, we collected 373 adolescents’ (baseline Mage = 14.48, SD = 1.90; 49% girls) future time perspective and academic achievement four times from Henan and Hunan Province, China. Each is separated by a 6‐month interval.ResultsChinese adolescents’ future time perspective was relatively stable. Regarding academic achievement, two distinct developmental trajectories of academic achievement were identified (i.e., high positive growth class and low negative growth class). Those who excel tended to experience an upward trajectory, while those with poorer grades continued to experience a downward trajectory. In the high positive growth class, the intercept of future time perspective was positively correlated with the rate of academic achievement growth, whereas, in the low negative growth class, it negatively predicted the rate of academic achievement decline. More importantly, reciprocal relations existed between future time perspective and academic achievement.ConclusionsAdolescents’ future time perspective may serve as a protective factor for academic achievement, while high academic achievement may also benefit future time perspective. Interventions to enhance academic achievement should prioritize cultivating adolescents’ future perspectives. Additionally, preventing the adverse consequences of subpar academic achievement on future time perspective is imperative.
Ankrd1 inhibits the FAK/Rho‐GTPase/F‐actin pathway by downregulating ITGA6 transcriptional to regulate myoblast functions
Authors: Huang Cheng , Zhong Qiqi , Lian Weisi , Kang Tingting , Hu Jinling , Lei Minggang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSkeletal muscle constitutes the largest percentage of tissue in the animal body and plays a pivotal role in the development of normal life activities in the organism. However, the regulation mechanism of skeletal muscle growth and development remains largely unclear. This study investigated the effects of Ankrd1 on the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Here, we identified Ankrd1 as a potential regulator of muscle cell development, and found that Ankrd1 knockdown resulted in the proliferation ability decrease but the differentiation level increase of C2C12 cells. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyzes as well as RNA‐seq results showed that Ankrd1 knockdown activated focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/F‐actin signal pathway with most genes significantly enriched in this pathway upregulated. The integrin subunit Itga6 promoter activity is increased when Ankrd1 knockdown, as demonstrated by a dual‐luciferase reporter assay. This study revealed the molecular mechanism by which Ankrd1 knockdown enhanced FAK phosphorylation activity through the alteration of integrin subunit levels, thus activating FAK/Rho‐GTPase/F‐actin signal pathway, eventually promoting myoblast differentiation. Our data suggested that Ankrd1 might serve as a potential regulator of muscle cell development. Our findings provide new insights into skeletal muscle growth and development and valuable references for further study of human muscle‐related diseases.
Rapid identification of various chemical components in Cinnamomi ramulus by UPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS
Authors: Shu Lexin , Liu Sitong , Zhang Fangfang , Qiu Huixin , Zhang Shumin , Qian Jun , Xu Yanyan , Deng Yanru , Wang Yuming , Li Yubo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCinnamomi ramulus (CR) is a common Chinese herbal medicine with a long history. It is often used to treat exogenous wind‐cold diseases in clinic, but its chemical compositions remain to be studied. In this study, CR was extracted with 75% ethanol, and UPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS combined with data post‐processing method was used to identify the chemical components in the extract. Through this technology, the components in CR can be separated and accurately identified. A total of 61 compounds were identified, including 14 simple phenylpropanoids, 3 coumarins, 5 lignans, 14 flavonoids, 10 benzoic acids, 8 organic acids, and 7 others. This study confirmed the existence of these compounds in CR and speculated the cleavage pathways of each compound, which enriched the mass spectrometry data and cleavage rules. This study can provide a reference for CR and other research.
Untargeted metabolomic profiling of Prinsepia utilis Royle leaves by Ultra‐Performance Liquid Chromatography‐Quadrupole‐Time of Flight‐Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Chauhan Kiran , Bhalla Piyush , Bhadoriya Khushaboo , Varshney Vinay Kumar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrinsepia utilis Royle, native to the Himalayas, is esteemed in Chinese and Indian folk medicine for its diverse medicinal benefits, targeting arthritis, pain relief, bone disorders, and joint discomfort. This study examined the 25% aqueous methanol extract of P. utilis leaves using UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS, identifying 78 metabolites, 76 of which were reported for the first time in P. utilis. These included 64 phenolics represented by 56 flavonoids, 5 phenolic acids, 3 phenolic glycosides, 4 terpenoids, 2 lignan glycosides, and 8 other compounds, expanding the knowledge of its chemical composition. These findings lay a foundation for further research, providing insights into potential bioactive compounds and opening avenues for applications in natural product drug discovery, traditional medicine, and nutraceutical development, leveraging the plant's established traditional uses.
Evaluating surgeon communication of pancreatic cancer prognosis using the VitalTalk ADAPT framework
Authors: Dickerson Lindsay K. , Lipson Trisha A. , Chauhan Sardar Shahmir B. , Allen Griffen I. , Young Bill , Park James O. , Pillarisetty Venu G. , O'Connell Kathleen M. , Sham Jonathan G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFew data exist to guide optimal communication practices for surgical oncologists. VitalTalk, an evidence‐based communication skills training model for clinicians, offers the five‐step ADAPT tool for discussing prognosis. This study aimed to characterize surgeon communication of pancreatic cancer prognosis using VitalTalk's ADAPT framework.MethodsContemporaneous audio recordings from 12 initial surgeon–patient encounters for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer were transcribed. Directed qualitative content analysis based on ADAPT (Ask, Discover, Anticipate, Provide, and Track) was used to deductively code transcripts.ResultsAll encounters contained at least one ADAPT step while only one (8%) incorporated four or five steps. Surgeons provided prognostic information (Provide) in all but one encounter (92%); most was qualitative and clustered into themes: serious illness, surgical candidacy, prognostic ambiguity, and cancer recurrence. Surgeons elicited understanding (Ask), requested information preferences (Discover), anticipated ambivalence (Anticipate), and responded to emotion (Track) in a minority of encounters (25%–42%); of 15 patient emotional cues, six were not addressed by surgeons.ConclusionsDuring an initial encounter for pancreatic cancer, surgeons focus heavily on providing information but omit critical prognostic communication steps. Future studies are needed to investigate if surgeon training in palliative care‐based communication is feasible and impacts patient‐perceived quality of communication.
3D Printable Antimicrobial Polymer Blend
Authors: Daniels Miché , Rautenbach Marina , du Plessis Anton , Pfukwa Rueben 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) printing is an innovative manufacturing method for preparing designer materials with complex geometries. However, there are very few studies on the fabrication of antimicrobial polymer materials suitable for use in everyday clinical objects, via 3D printing. In this work, an antibacterial polymer material is prepared by blending polyamide 11 (matrix), a high‐performance engineering thermoplastic, and a styrene maleimide copolymer with pendant quaternary amine moieties, and the blend 3D printed via selective laser sintering. The quaternary amine functionalities confer permanent antimicrobial properties. Blend properties are studied prior to printing via differential scanning calorimetry, powder X‐ray diffraction, and FTIR spectroscopy. Additionally, the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of the polymer blends and printed material are also assessed. The microstructure of the 3D printed polymer materials is further characterized via DOSY NMR spectroscopy. This study indicates that this is a promising approach for preparing nonleaching antimicrobial 3D printable materials.
KDM1A/LSD1 inhibition enhances chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer
Authors: Chen Yihong , Johnson Jessica D. , Jayamohan Sridharan , He Yi , Venkata Prabhakar P. , Jamwal Diksha , Alejo Salvador , Zou Yi , Lai Zhao , Viswanadhapalli Suryavathi , Vadlamudi Ratna K. , Kost Edward , Sareddy Gangadhara R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOvarian cancer (OCa) is the deadliest of all gynecological cancers. The standard treatment for OCa is platinum‐based chemotherapy, such as carboplatin or cisplatin in combination with paclitaxel. Most patients are initially responsive to these treatments; however, nearly 90% will develop recurrence and inevitably succumb to chemotherapy‐resistant disease. Recent studies have revealed that the epigenetic modifier lysine‐specific histone demethylase 1A (KDM1A/LSD1) is highly overexpressed in OCa. However, the role of KDM1A in chemoresistance and whether its inhibition enhances chemotherapy response in OCa remains uncertain. Analysis of TCGA datasets revealed that KDM1A expression is high in patients who poorly respond to chemotherapy. Western blot analysis show that treatment with chemotherapy drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, and paclitaxel increased KDM1A expression in OCa cells. KDM1A knockdown (KD) or treatment with KDM1A inhibitors NCD38 and SP2509 sensitized established and patient‐derived OCa cells to chemotherapy drugs in reducing cell viability and clonogenic survival and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, knockdown of KDM1A sensitized carboplatin‐resistant A2780‐CP70 cells to carboplatin treatment and paclitaxel‐resistant SKOV3‐TR cells to paclitaxel. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that a combination of KDM1A‐KD and cisplatin treatment resulted in the downregulation of genes related to epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Interestingly, cisplatin treatment increased a subset of NF‐κB pathway genes, and KDM1A‐KD or KDM1A inhibition reversed this effect. Importantly, KDM1A‐KD, in combination with cisplatin, significantly reduced tumor growth compared to a single treatment in an orthotopic intrabursal OCa xenograft model. Collectively, these findings suggest that combination of KDM1A inhibitors with chemotherapy could be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of OCa.
Sexual health and fertility in Duchenne muscular dystrophy—An exploratory study
Authors: Hoskin Janet , Cheetham Timothy D , Mitchell Rod T , Wong Sze Choong , Wood Claire L 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsRecent clinical guidelines recommend that adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) who are on daily glucocorticoid treatment should be offered pubertal induction in order to ensure adult levels of sex hormones as they reach adulthood. However, it remains unclear how gonadal status, including androgen concentrations, impacts physical function and future fertility. The aim of this study was to give a voice to adults with DMD, exploring their perspectives around sexual health, hormone treatment, and fertility.MethodsQualitative data was collected from six adults with DMD through two online focus groups. Participants were recruited through Pathfinders Neuromuscular Alliance and Duchenne UK and invited to take part if they had DMD and were 18 years of age or older. Conversations were transcribed verbatim and an interpretivist paradigm was used with thematic analysis.ResultsThe main themes identified were (1) the need for communication and information about sexual health, (2) dealing with the potential fear of rejection, (3) physical barriers to relationships including sex, (4) testosterone supplementation in DMD, and (5) parenthood and fertility.DiscussionWe recommend that clinicians work with young people with DMD individually, to explore the benefits of testosterone treatment for them and their personal sexual health needs. If they are offered treatment, this should always be accompanied by the opportunity for psychological support. This work highlights the need for further research to establish the role of testosterone supplementation in adults with DMD and its effects on fertility and the value of specific emotional and practical support for sexual health.
Domain‐Adaptive Power Profiling Analysis Strategy for the Metaverse
Authors: Li Xiang , Yang Ning , Liu Weifeng , Chen Aidong , Zhang Yanlong , Wang Shuo , Zhou Jing 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIn the surge of the digital era, the metaverse, as a groundbreaking concept, has become a focal point in the technology sector. It is reshaping human work and life patterns, carving out a new realm of virtual and real interaction. However, the rapid development of the metaverse brings along novel challenges in security and privacy. In this multifaceted and complex technological environment, data protection is of paramount importance. The innovative capabilities of high‐end devices and functions in the metaverse, owing to advanced integrated circuit technology, face unique threats from side‐channel analysis (SCA), potentially leading to breaches in user privacy. Addressing the issue of domain differences caused by different hardware devices, which impact the generalizability of the analysis model and the accuracy of analysis, this paper proposes a strategy of portability power profiling analysis (PPPA). Combining domain adaptation and deep learning techniques, it models and calibrates the domain differences between the profiling and target devices, enhancing the model's adaptability in different device environments. Experiments show that our method can recover the correct key with as few as 389 power traces, effectively recovering keys across different devices. This paper underscores the effectiveness of cross‐device SCA, focusing on the adaptability and robustness of analysis models in different hardware environments, thereby enhancing the security of user data privacy in the metaverse environment.
Health status and ergonomics education: A comparison between student nurses and first‐year nursing staff
Authors: Hochhauser Michal , Liberman Elena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo (a) compare student nurses' health status and levels of ergonomics knowledge and awareness to those of first‐year nursing staff and (b) investigate the association between nurses' ergonomic compliance and health status with their educational preparedness.DesignThis cohort study compared ergonomics awareness and knowledge, and health status of nurses when they were students and after their first‐year working in medical facilities.MethodsIn total, 133 4th‐year student nurses completed a survey; 45 of them completed a second survey after working 1 year in a medical facility. Their health status was compared over time using repeated‐measures ANOVA. Correlation tests were used to analyse associations between ergonomics knowledge and awareness, health status, demographic variables and educational preparedness.ResultsRespondents in both surveys displayed weak knowledge of ergonomic principles significantly associated with increased pain intensity and educational preparedness.Patient contributionErgonomics training should be expanded during nursing studies and first‐year training to prevent long‐term health disorders.
Risk Analysis Index Frailty Score as a Predictor of Otolaryngology Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Evans Lauran K. , Moffatt Clare , Niknejad Keon , Yang Hong‐Ho , Kodaverdian Laura , Soliman Shady , Reyes Orozco Francis , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Risk Analysis Index (RAI) score is a screening tool to assess patient frailty. It has been shown to be predictive of postoperative outcomes and mortality in orthopedic, urologic, and neurosurgical patient populations. We sought to evaluate the predictive ability of RAI score for surgical outcomes in an otolaryngology patient population.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingAcademic tertiary medical center.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted of adult patients undergoing otolaryngology surgery at a tertiary medical care center over 21 months. Patients were sent electronic RAI survey questionnaires via direct messaging, which was completed prior to surgery. Endpoint data were analyzed, including demographics, RAI score, and patient outcome data. Univariate analysis, ROC curves, and predictive modeling were utilized.ResultsA total of 517 patients responded to the RAI questionnaire, resulting in a 59.6% response rate. Mean RAI score was 21.38 ± 11.83. Higher RAI scores were associated with increased 30‐day readmissions (P < .0015), postoperative complications (P < .001), hospital length of stay (P < .001), and discharge with home health (P < .001). Predictive models for RAI score and postoperative outcomes were created, and a cutoff score of RAI = 30 was established to identify frail patients.ConclusionWe evaluated if RAI scoring predicted postoperative complications in an otolaryngology patient population. Increased RAI score is significantly associated with poorer surgical outcomes, including increased hospital length of stay, 30‐day readmissions, and postoperative complications. We propose a predictive model with suggested RAI cutoff scoring for use in the otolaryngology surgical population.
Review of Biphoton Sources Based on the Double‐Λ$\Lambda$ Spontaneous Four‐Wave Mixing Process
Authors: Chen Jia‐Mou , Peters Thorsten , Hsieh Pei‐Hsuan , Yu Ite A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis review article focuses on biphoton sources based on the double‐ spontaneous four‐wave mixing (SFWM) process in laser‐cooled as well as room‐temperature or hot atomic ensembles. These biphoton sources have the advantage of providing stable frequencies, ultranarrow linewidths, and a tunability of the temporal biphoton width of more than one order of magnitude for high‐bandwidth applications. Therefore, the generated photons can be efficiently interfaced to, e.g., atomic quantum memories. In contrast, solid‐state biphoton sources typically require assistance by an optical cavity to operate at narrow linewidth that limits the tunability of the temporal width of the biphotons. Present state‐of‐the‐art double‐ SFWM biphoton sources can achieve one of the following results: a spectral linewidth of 50 kHz (290 kHz) or a temporal width of 13 (580 ns) with cold (hot) atoms, a detection rate of about 7 cps, and a generation rate of cps at a duty cycle of 0.4% or of cps in the steady state. The theoretical background of these biphoton sources, experimental implementations with cold and hot atoms, and progress over the years, will be illustrated.
Emphasizing the Value of Geodesy to Science and Society Through IAG-GGOS
Authors: Sehnal Martin , Sánchez Laura , Angermann Detlef , Craddock Allison , Miyahara Basara , Steiner Lena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWithout geodesy – the science that determines the shape of the Earth, its gravity field, and its rotation as functions of space and time – accurate positioning would not be possible. Geodetic observation techniques, analysis infrastructure, and products provided by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) are fundamental to Earth system research and are the backbone for location-based applications. IAG’s Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) is a collaborative effort of the global geodesy community aimed at providing consistent and openly accessible geodetic Earth observations. In addition, GGOS supports activities and projects that promote the importance of geodesy to science and society. This paper summarizes recent GGOS initiatives and achievements in strengthening the awareness of the value of geodesy.
Demands, Constraints, and Choices of Nordic Municipal CEOs: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Hansen Morten Balle , Solli Rolf 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter outlines the basic theoretical approaches of the book, which will be used to frame the analyses in the forthcoming chapters. Our approach is rooted in theories of organizations, leadership, and public administration. Municipalities are variously seen as local political institutions, organizations, part of the welfare state, and local communities responsible for delivering services within a territory, with varying regional dynamics. Municipal CEOs (MCEOs) are seen as both public servants and leaders operating within a governance system influenced by several, often competing institutional logics, causing tensions, paradoxes, and occasional dilemmas for the leadership of MCEOs (MCEOs operate in the area between politics and administration). From this perspective, seven related contextual conditions of importance to the work of MCEOs are outlined in the introduction, and their implications are discussed in the remainder of the chapter. The seven contextual conditions and their relation to the MCEO position are integrated into an adapted version of the demands–constraints–choices model. This model is heuristic in nature and facilitates the study of the dynamics and stability that apply to Nordic MCEOs in relation to our research questions.
Parameter Design in High-Speed High-Precision Motion Control
Authors: Yao Fulai , Yao Yaming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe first major task of automation is to replace labor to achieve faster and more precise production. In systems such as CNC machine tools, machining centers, CNC engraving, printing, die-cutting, papermaking, steel rolling, and high-speed rail, it is necessary to control the speed of multiple motors.
Spherical adjunctions of stable $$\infty $$-categories and the relative S-construction
Authors: Dyckerhoff Tobias , Kapranov Mikhail , Schechtman Vadim , Soibelman Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe develop the theory of semi-orthogonal decompositions and spherical functors in the framework of stable $${\infty }$$
∞
-categories. We study the relative Waldhausen S-construction $$S_\bullet (F)$$

S
∙

(
F
)

of the spherical functor F and show that it has a natural paracyclic structure (“rotation symmetry”). This fulfills a part of the general program of perverse schobers which are conjectural categorical upgrades of perverse sheaves. If we view a spherical functor as defining a schober on a disk, then each component $$S_n(F)$$

S
n

(
F
)

of the S-construction gives a categorification of the cohomology of a perverse sheaf on a disk with support in a union of $$(n+1)$$

(
n
+
1
)

closed arcs in the boundary. In other words, $$S_n(F)$$

S
n

(
F
)

can be interpreted as the Fukaya category of the disk with coefficients in the schober and with support (“stops”) at the boundary arcs. The importance of the paracyclic structure is that it allows us to naturally associate the above data to disks on oriented surfaces. The action of the paracyclic rotation is a categorical analog of the monodromy of a perverse sheaf.