bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curcumin reduces prostaglandin E2, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and proteoglycan release in the secretome of interleukin 1β-treated articular cartilage
Authors: Clutterbuck Abigail L , Allaway David , Harris Pat , Mobasheri Ali 
Published: July 2013

Objective:Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a phytochemical with potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, and has therapeutic potential for the treatment of a range of inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to determine whether non-toxic concentrations of curcumin can reduce interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)-stimulated inflammation and catabolism in an explant model of cartilage inflammation.Methods:Articular cartilage explants and primary chondrocytes were obtained from equine metacarpophalangeal joints. Curcumin was added to monolayer cultured primary chondrocytes and cartilage explants in concentrations ranging from 3μM-100μM. Prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 release into the secretome of IL-1β-stimulated explants was measured using a competitive ELISA and western blotting respectively. Proteoglycan (PG) release in the secretome was measured using the 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay. Cytotoxicity was assessed with a live/dead assay in monolayer cultures after 24 hours, 48 hours and five days, and in explants after five days.Results:Curcumin induced chondrocyte death in primary cultures (50μM p<0.001 and 100μMp<0.001) after 24 hours. After 48 hours and five days, curcumin (≥25μM) significantly increased cell death (p<0.001 both time points). In explants, curcumin toxicity was not observed at concentrations up to and including 25μM after five days. Curcumin (≥3μM) significantly reduced IL-1β-stimulated PG (p<0.05) and PGE2release (p<0.001) from explants, whilst curcumin (≥12μM) significantly reduced MMP-3 release (p<0.01).Conclusion:Non-cytotoxic concentrations of curcumin exert anti-catabolic and anti-inflammatory effects in cartilage explants.
Quality analysis of patient information on surgical treatment of haemorrhoids on the internet
Authors: Yeung TM , D’Souza ND 
Published: July 2013

Introduction Haemorrhoids are the most common benign condition seen by colorectal surgeons. At clinic appointments, advice given about lifestyle modification or surgical interventions may not be understood fully by patients. Patients may use the internet for further research into their condition. However, the quality of such information has not been investigated before. This study assessed the quality of patient information on surgical treatment of haemorrhoids on the internet. Methods Four searches were carried out using the search terms ‘surgery for haemorrhoids’ and ‘surgery for piles’ on two search engines (Google and Yahoo). The first 50 results for each search were assessed. Sites were evaluated using the DISCERN instrument. Results In total, 200 websites were assessed, of which 144 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these, 63 (44%) were sponsored by herbal remedies for haemorrhoids. Eighty-nine (62%) mentioned conservative treatment options but eleven (8%) did not include surgery in their treatment options. Only 38 sites (27%) mentioned recurrence of haemorrhoids following surgery and 28 sites (20%) did not list any complications. Overall, 19 websites (14%) were judged as being of high quality, 66 (45%) as moderate quality and 58 (40%) as low quality. Conclusions The quality of information on the internet is highly variable and a significant proportion of websites assessed are poor. The majority of websites are sponsored by private companies selling alternative treatments for haemorrhoids. Clinicians should be prepared to advise their patients which websites can provide high-quality information on the surgical treatment of haemorrhoids.
Age, stage and biomarkers for the definition of CKD: a construction in progress
Authors: Zoccali Carmine , Santoro Antonio , Plebani Mario 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The international recommendations of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) to define chronic kidney disease (CKD) and classify patients in CKD stages are discussed in an opinion paper published in this issue of the journal. In this counterpoint, we will review some questions and criticisms raised by the authors to provide further contribution on the issue. In particular, we would like to discuss the age issue in the definition of CKD, the validity of the KDIGO staging, the validity of creatinine-based equations for the estimation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), as well as the clinical value of cystatin C and the epidemiological rather than clinical nature of the arguments proposed to justify recommendations in the KDIGO guidelines.
Identification of a novel heterozygous mutation in exon 50 of the COL1A1 gene causing osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Aftab S A S , Reddy N , Owen N L , Pollitt R , Harte A , McTernan P G , Tripathi G , Barber T M 
Published: July 2013

SummaryA 19-year-old woman was diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). She had sustained numerous low-trauma fractures throughout her childhood, including a recent pelvic fracture (superior and inferior ramus) following a low-impact fall. She had the classical blue sclerae, and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) bone scanning confirmed low bone mass for her age in the lumbar spine (Z-score was −2.6). However, despite these classical clinical features, the diagnosis of OI had not been entertained throughout the whole of her childhood. Sequencing of her genomic DNA revealed that she was heterozygous for the c.3880_3883dup mutation in exon 50 of theCOL1A1gene. This mutation is predicted to result in a frameshift at p.Thr1295, and truncating stop codon 3 amino acids downstream. To our knowledge, this mutation has not previously been reported in OI.Learning pointsOI is a rare but important genetic metabolic bone and connective tissue disorder that manifests a diverse clinical phenotype that includes recurrent low-impact fractures.Most mutations that underlie OI occur within exon 50 of theCOL1A1gene (coding for protein constituents of type 1 pro-collagen).The diagnosis of OI is easily missed in its mild form. Early diagnosis is important, and there is a need for improved awareness of OI among health care professionals.OI is a diagnosis of exclusion, although the key diagnostic criterion is through genetic testing for mutations within theCOL1A1gene.Effective management of OI should be instituted through a multidisciplinary team approach that includes a bone specialist (usually an endocrinologist or rheumatologist), a geneticist, an audiometrist and a genetic counsellor. Physiotherapy and orthopaedic surgery may also be required.
Fraud Examination Case: Crafty Cash Theft?
Authors: Gissel Jodi L. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
This case engages students in an interactive in-class learning activity. Students are given a brief case scenario and the task of investigating fraud in a small company. Pre-class preparations require students to identify likely fraud schemes and how to proceed with the fraud investigation. The in-class portion summarizes students' individual assessments and then emphasizes examination of evidence to resolve the case. The case challenges students to consider how to approach a fraud investigation and what procedures or analyses would provide relevant evidence. The activity also requires students to consider internal control weaknesses and suggestions for improving internal control in a small organization. The intended audience is a graduate-level fraud examination course or auditing course with a fraud examination component.
Data Availability: Handouts and solutions are provided in the Teaching Notes.
Optimization of the Code of the Numerical Magnetosheath-Magnetosphere Model
Authors: Dobreva P. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The proposed three dimensional model contains two earlier developed 3D regional numerical models: a grid-characteristic model of the magnetosheath and a finite element model of the magnetosphere. The model output is the distribution of gas-dynamic parameters in the magnetosheath and of magnetic field inside the magnetosphere. The efforts are focused on the modernization of the existing software, written in Fortran, using several techniques for parallel programming such as OpenMP extensions. After analyzing the numerical performance of the model a possible scenario for the code optimization is shown. First results with the improved variant of the model are presented.
Simulation of Fluid Flow in Centrifugal Tricanter
Authors: Puscasu Cristian , Grigorescu Mihaela , Axene Ghita , Voicu Raluca , Stefanescu Mariana , Teleaba Victoria , Zheleva Ivanka 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
An ANSYS simulation of the multiphase complex fluid flow motion in a centrifugal device (tricanter) is presented in the paper. This centrifugal device is designed for one step efficient solution for contaminated river water processing with oil and oil products. The proposed tricanter is one of the main objectives of the project named “Common strategy to prevent the Danube’s pollution technological risks with oil and oil products CLEANDANUBE” financed by European Commission within the frame of Romania-Bulgaria Trans-Border Cooperation Program 2007 - 2013 (grant MIS-ETC code 653). Results for liquid phases (water and oil products) and for solid particles motion are presented graphically and are commented.
Effect of Triton X-100 and Dtt Concentrations on Wide Range Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis of Tissue, Cell and Fluid Proteomes
Authors: Charneau Sébastien , Nunes da Cruz Gabriel Costa , Costa Camila Miranda , Sousa Marcelo Valle de , Ornelas Carlos André 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHigh-resolution separation by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2- DE) is still challenging due to the intrinsic behavior of proteins, principally throughout isoelectric focusing separation. It is often observed low resolution of proteins in the alkaline pH region when using wide range pH gradients. Herein, we show the effect of different concentrations of Triton X‑100 and DTT in the sample buffer on wide range pH (3-10) 2-DE profiles of three different biological samples as Trypanosoma cruzi cells, honey bee brain tissue and human saliva fluid. Higher resolution, number and intensity of spots were achieved when 85 mM DTT and 2.5% Triton X‑100 were employed for cell and tissue samples. No improvement was observed for fluid proteins, probably because water-soluble proteins do not require special conditions for extraction and prevention of precipitation during isoelectric focusing.
Bio Diversity and Density of Phytoplankton in Pond of Kirtipur
Authors: Kushwaha Pramod Kumar 
Published: June 2013

The density of the phytoplankton during the study period was recorded 1420112 No. / L with the average value of 100150.3 No. / L fortnightly. All the four groups of phytoplankton were noted with low diversity of only 12 genera. The maximum density was found on 16th June 1992 (summer period) and the minimum on 25th Dec. 1991 (winter period). Among the four major groups, Chrysophyta (Bacillariophyceae) constituted 42.1 % followed by Cyanophyta (Myxophyceae) 32.6% , pyrrophyta (Desmidaceae) 18.5% and Chlorophyta (Chlorophyceae) 6.8% respectively. The free CO2 was positive coefficient value of phytoplankton in relation to temp., PH but dissolved oxygen had negative value of coefficient correlation. Academic Voices, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2012, Pages 43-47 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v2i1.8285
Glacier change of the Columbia Icefield, Canadian Rocky Mountains, 1919–2009
Authors: Tennant Christina , Menounos Brian 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe determined length, area, elevation and volume change of the Columbia Icefield using Interprovincial Boundary Commission Survey maps from 1919, eight sets of aerial photographs from 1948 to 1993, and satellite data from 1999 to 2009. Over the period 1919–2009, glaciers on average retreated 1150 ± 34 m and shrank by 2.4 ± 0.2 km2. Total area loss was 59.6 ± 1.2 km2 (23 ± 5%), and mean elevation change was −49 ± 25 m w.e., resulting in a total volume loss of 14.3 ± 2.0 km3 w.e. Large outlet glaciers experienced the greatest absolute ice loss, while small, detached glaciers lost the most relative length and area. Thinning rates of debris-covered ice were 30–60% lower than those for clean ice. All glacier changes were significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.01), with r values ranging from 0.54 to 0.82. Temperature is correlated with length and area change over periods lagged 1–5 years (p < 0.05), and with elevation and volume change over periods lagged 9–18 years (p < 0.05). Precipitation is correlated with glacier change over periods lagged 1–10 years (p < 0.05).
Dynamic analysis of a tension leg platform under extreme waves
Authors: Chandrasekaran Srinivasan , Yuvraj Koshti 
Published: June 2013

Recent observations of the sea state that result in the undesirable events confirm the presence of extreme waves like freak waves, which is capable of causing irreparable damages to offshore installations and (or) create inoperable conditions to the crew on board. Knowledge on the extreme wave environment and the related wave-structure interaction are required for safer design of deep-water offshore structures. In the current study, typical long crested extreme waves namely: i) New Year wave at offshore Norway; and ii) Freak wave at North Sea are simulated using the combined wave model. Dynamic response of the Tension Leg Platforms (TLP) under these extreme waves is carried out for different wave approach angles. Based on the analytical studies cared out, it is seen that the TLPs are sensitive to the wave directionality when encountered by such extreme waves; ringing type response is developed in TLPs which could result in tether pull out.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i1.14518
La Place de la Perle à Manama ou la territorialisation confessionnelle de l'affrontement politique au Bahreïn
Authors: Burdy Jean-Paul , Burdy-Dubesset François 
Published: July 2013

En février-mars 2011, l’épisode le plus remarqué du « printemps de Manama » a été l’occupation de la place de la Perle, souvent comparée à celle de la place Tahrir, au Caire. Mais, le conflit politique au Bahreïn restant très largement fondé sur des tensions socio-confessionnelles, la Perle était moins une centralité urbaine que le point de convergence des quartiers chiites de la périphérie de Manama. Alors que le pouvoir et la base sociale de la dynastie tribale sunnite des Al Khalifa sont surtout installés dans un « bastion sunnite » au centre de l’île, hors de la ville capitale, l’opposition, majoritaire et chiite, est ancrée dans le vieux centre ville de Manama et dans les « villages chiites » du nord-ouest et du nord-est. La spatialisation de la séquence bahreïnie des « révolutions arabes » de 2011-2012 est donc restée fondamentalement marquée par le conflit confessionnel, dans des formes qui rappellent celles du conflit d’Irlande du Nord, à Belfast par exemple.
Le Mellah d'Essaouira, un quartier marginalisé
Authors: Messous Ouafa 
Published: July 2013

Essaouira petite ville, fondée au XVIII e siècle, a été le théâtre de revendications sociales, à l’instar de nombreuses villes de la région. Cette ville vivant une grave récession économique, nous a servi de toile de fond pour tenter d’illustrer quelques aspects de « l’exception » du printemps arabe marocain. A travers l’analyse des trois marginalités vécues par l’ancien quartier juif de la ville, nous avons essayé de présenter quelques aspects des revendications sociales locales, leur évolution, ainsi que le rôle et le mode opératoire des différents acteurs impliqués ou concernés.
Les « absolus » en conflits : vers quel « universel » en partage ?
Authors: Bistolfi Robert 
Published: July 2013

Dans un livre récent – « Saeculum – Culture, religion, idéologie » – le philosophe Etienne Balibar a abordé frontalement nombre de questions auxquelles se heurte la construction d’un « universel » réellement en partage. À « Confluences Méditerranée » l’on pense toujours qu’une « idée méditerranéenne » dégagée de ses anciennes connotations impériales aidera à la construction d’un avenir commun aux deux rives. Cette perspective exige toutefois que soient affrontés dans la clarté les éléments culturels conflictuels présents de part et d’autre : au Nord, un enracinement dans une tradition chrétienne que les vues universalistes issues des Lumières ont prolongé ; au Sud, un ancrage dans un islam porteur de convictions universalistes tout aussi fortes. Sur le dépassement du noyau dur des incompatibilités, sur les obstacles à surmonter, Etienne Balibar apporte des réflexions plus qu’éclairantes. Sans prétendre rendre compte de tous ses apports, le texte ci-après en analyse les principaux points.
Les sciences hume/haine
Authors: Bosc Patrice 
Published: July 2013

Ce texte, écrit à la suite d’une chronique de Brice Couturier sur France Culture, tente d’illustrer par quelques observations de la vie contemporaine et le relevé de la mesure qu’on en a généralement, l’enjeu pour les sciences humaines et le politique d’une rationalité qui n’expurgerait pas l’affect ou plus simplement le vécu. Il propose des images « découpées » dans nos villes, piqûres de la vie croisée, et d’autres représentations glanées dans les médias.
Giant Intraosseous Schwannoma of the Ileopubic Ramus
Authors: Benazzo Francesco , Marullo Matteo , Rossi Stefano Marco Paolo , Viola Erika 
Published: July 2013

Schwannomas are the most common tumors of the peripheral nerves. Intraosseous schwannoma is a rare entity; approximately 200 cases are described in the world literature, with only 1 involving the ileopubic ramus. To the authors’ knowledge, this article is the first to describe a giant intraosseous schwannoma of the ileopubic ramus, its clinical presentation and radiographic aspect, its histological findings, its biological behavior, and the differential diagnosis. It is also the first to describe surgical treatment of this entity.
A 63-year-old woman presented with paroxysmal pain at the right groin. Radiographs showed a multilocular lytic lesion of the right ileopubic ramus, extending from the acetabulum to the pubic symphysis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed extraosseous extension in the pelvis and in the anteromedial region of the right thigh. An incisional biopsy revealed fibroconnective tissue with sparse spindle cells in a myxoid stroma; diffuse expression of S100 protein was observed by immunohistochemistry. Intraosseous neurofibroma was the first histopathologic diagnosis. The 12×8×4-cm lesion was entirely removed via a Letournel ileoinguinal approach. Reconstruction of the ileopubic ramus was performed with an autologous bone graft taken from the omolateral iliac crest and fixed by a pelvic reconstruction plate. Histopathological examination revealed Antoni A and B patterns with Verocay bodies, no mitosis or cellular atypia, and diffuse expression of S100 protein by immunohistochemistry, all features indicative of a benign schwannoma. The patient returned to activities of daily living with no limitations. No recurrence had occurred 24 months postoperatively.
Recoil Induced Room Temperature Stable Frenkel Pairs in a-Hafnium Upon Thermal Neutron Capture
Authors: Butz Tilman , Das Satyendra K. , Dey Chandi C. , Ghoshal Shamik 
Published: July 2013

Ultrapure hafnium metal (110 ppm zirconium) was neutron activated with a thermal neutron flux of 6:6 ·
1012 cm-2s-1 in order to obtain 181Hf for subsequent time differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC) experiments using the nuclear probe 181Hf(β-) 181Ta. Apart from the expected nuclear quadrupole interaction (NQI) signal for a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) metal, three further discrete NQIs were observed with a few percent fraction each. The TDPAC spectra were recorded for up to 11 half lives with extreme statistical accuracy. The fitted parameters vary slightly within the temperature range between 248 K and 373 K. The signals corresponding to the three additional sites completely disappear after ‘annealing’ at 453 K for one minute. Based on the symmetry of the additional NQIs and their temperature dependencies, they are tentatively attributed to Frenkel pairs produced by recoil due to the emission of a prompt 5:694 MeV -ray following thermal neutron capture and reported by the nuclear probe in three different positions. These Frenkel pairs are stable up to at least 373 K.
Microdeletion 5q14.3 and anomalies of brain development
Authors: Hotz Alrun , Hellenbroich Yorck , Sperner Jürgen , Linder‐Lucht Michaela , Tacke Uta , Walter Caren , Caliebe Almuth , Nagel Inga , Saunders Dawn E. , Wolff Gerhard , Martin Peter , Morris‐Rosendahl Deborah J. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract5q14.3 deletions spanning and flanking MEF2C as well as intragenic MEF2C mutations have recently been described as a cause of severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, and muscular hypotonia, with variable brain and other anomalies. With an increasing number of patients described, the clinical presentation of the patients appears to be relatively uniform, however the structural brain phenotypes described are variable. We describe two unrelated patients with overlapping de novo interstitial deletions of 4.1 and 1.9 Mb, including MEF2C in 5q14.3, one of whom had a complex brain malformation which could be best described as microcephaly with simplified gyral pattern (MSG). Expression analysis in both patients confirmed haploinsufficiency for MEF2C, decreased MECP2 expression and increased C3ORF58 (DIA1) expression, which is a new finding. A detailed analysis of brain and white matter abnormalities reported in patients with 5q14.3 deletion syndrome to date revealed a greater number of reported abnormalities in patients with deletions not including MEF2C than those with deletions or mutations directly affecting MEF2C. Screening an additional 43 patients with malformations of cerebral cortical development (MCD) for mutations in MEF2C and/or deletions in 5q14.3q15, did not detect any additional mutations, allowing us to conclude that 5q14.3 deletion syndrome is a rare cause of microcephaly with simplified gyral pattern. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Application of statistical techniques for elucidating flow cytometric data of batch and fed‐batch cultures
Authors: Shirsat Nishikant , Avesh Mohd , English Niall J. , Glennon Brian , Al‐Rubeai Mohamed 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe objective of this work is to develop structured, segregated stochastic models for bioprocesses using time‐series flow cytometric (FC) data. To this end, mammalianCHOcells were grown in both batch and fed‐batch cultures, and their viable cell numbers (VCDs), monoclonal antibody (MAb), cell cycle phases, mitochondria membrane potential/mitochondria mass,Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) were analyzed. For the fed‐batch mode, soy hydrolysate was introduced at 24‐H intervals. The cytometric data were analyzed for early indicators of growth and productivity by multiple linear regression analysis, which involved taking into account multicollinearity diagnostics,Durbin–Watson statistics, andHouston tests to determine and refine statistically significant correlations between categorical variables (FCparameters) and response variables (yield parameters). The results indicate that the percentage ofG1 cells andERwas significantly correlated withVCDandMAb in the case of batch culture, whereas for fed‐batch culture, the percentage ofG2 cells andERwas correlated significantly. There was a significant difference between cells in the batch and fed‐batch cultures in theirERcontent, suggesting that the increase in protein synthesis as reflected by theERcontent and consequent increase in growth rate andMAb productivity both can be monitored at the cellular level byFCanalysis ofERcontent.