bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclic (Amino)(aryl)carbenes (CAArCs) as Strong σ‐Donating and π‐Accepting Ligands for Transition Metals
Authors: Rao Bin , Tang Huarong , Zeng Xiaoming , Liu Liu Leo , Melaimi Mohand , Bertrand Guy 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCyclic (amino)(aryl)carbenes (CAArCs) result from the replacement of the alkyl substituent of cyclic (alkyl)(amino) carbenes (CAACs) by an aryl group. This structural modification leads to enhanced electrophilicity of the carbene center with retention of the high nucleophilicity of CAACs, and therefore CAArCs feature a small singlet–triplet gap. The isoindolium precursors are readily prepared in good yields, and deprotonation at low temperature, in the presence of [RhCl(cod)]2 and [(Me2S)AuCl] lead to air‐stable rhodium and gold CAArC‐supported complexes, respectively. The rhodium complexes promote the [3+2] cycloaddition of diphenylcyclopropenone with ethyl phenylpropiolate, and induce the addition of 2‐vinylpyridine to alkenes by CH activation. The gold complexes allow for the catalytic three‐component preparation of 1,2‐dihydroquinolines from aniline and phenyl acetylene. These preliminary results illustrate the potential of CAArC ligands in transition‐metal catalysis.
Chemistry of the interactions of acetaldehyde scavengers for poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Authors: Mrozinski Brent A. , Kim Yong‐Wah , Lofgren Elizabeth A. , Jabarin Saleh A. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe acetaldehyde (AA) scavenging mechanisms of anthranilamide, metaxylenediamine (MXDA), and alpha‐cyclodextrin were investigated through a combination of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) and mass spectrometry techniques. AA was found to react with the amide and amine groups of anthranilamide to produce a two‐ring structure with water as a byproduct. MXDA possesses two terminal, primary amines that make it difunctional. The aldehyde group of AA reacts with each primary amine to create an imine group and water. The imine groups were found to act as chromophores, supporting the results of previous work with poly (ethylene terephthalate). The AA scavenging mechanism for alpha‐cyclodextrin was determined through concentration dependent NMR experiments. As the concentration of alpha‐cyclodextrin was increased, the chemical shifts of AA's protons increased until a saturation point was reached at a molar ratio of one to one. This indicates that each alpha‐cyclodextrin accommodates one AA molecule through hydrogen bonding and a size‐enclosure mechanism. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4191–4200, 2013
Correlation between the fracture toughness and β‐crystal fraction in a β‐nucleated propylene‐based propylene–ethylene random copolymer
Authors: Zhang Chunbo , Liu Guoming , Jiang Qianhong , Zhao Ying , Wang Dujin 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTPropylene‐based propylene–ethylene random copolymer (PPR) has been widely used in the production of hot‐water pipes. To further improve its toughness and thermal resistance, β‐nucleating agents (β‐NAs) are frequently incorporated. In this study, PPR containing 5.6 mol % ethylene units was modified by two kinds of β‐NAs, that is, calcium pimelate andN,N′‐dicyclohexylterephthalamide. The notched Izod impact strength of PPR increased with the addition of the β‐NAs. Drastically different toughening effects were found between the two β‐NAs. The structure of PPR with and without a β‐NA was investigated by calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, and thermomechanical analysis. The results indicated that the relative fraction of β crystals (kβ) in the injection‐molded specimens was determined by the type and content of β‐NA. The relationship betweenkβand the impact toughness was summarized. A critical value forkβ(0.68) was identified for the brittle–ductile transition of PPR. PPR with β‐NA having akβgreater than 0.68 displayed a higher impact strength than the other mixtures. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 42930.
Horizon synthesis for archaeo‐astronomical purposes
Authors: Patat F. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this paper I describe a simple numerical procedure to compute synthetic horizon altitude profiles for any given site. The method makes use of a simplified model of local Earth's curvature, and it is based on the availability of digital elevation models describing the topography of the area surrounding the site under study. Examples constructed using the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data (with 90 m horizontal resolution) are illustrated, and compared to direct theodolite measurements. The proposed method appears to be reliable and applicable in all cases when the distance to the local horizon is larger than ∼10 km, yielding a rms accuracy of ∼0.1 degrees (both in azimuth and elevation). Higher accuracies can be achieved with higher resolution digital elevation models, like those produced by many modern national geodetic surveys (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Orbit of Comet C/1857 D1 (d'Arrest)
Authors: Branham R.L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractComet C/ 1857 D1 (d'Arrest) is one of a large number of comets with parabolic orbits. Given that there are sufficient observations of the comet, 299 in right ascension and 279 in declination, it proves possible to calculate a better orbit. The calculations are based on a 12th order predictor‐corrector method. The comet's orbit is highly elliptical, e = 0.99982 and, from calculated mean errors, statistically different from a parabola. The comet will not return for at least 44000 years and thus represents no immediate NEO threat (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A new flare star member candidate in the Pleiades cluster
Authors: Moualla M. , Schmidt T.O.B. , Neuhäuser R. , Hambaryan V.V. , Errmann R. , Trepl L. , Broeg Ch. , Eisenbeiss T. , Mugrauer M. , Marka C. , Adam C. , Ginski C. , Pribulla T. , Rätz S. , Schmidt J. , Berndt A. , Maciejewski G. , Röll T. , Hohle M.M. , Tetzlaff N. , Fiedler S. , Baar S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe present a new flare star, which was discovered during our survey on a selected field at the edge of the Pleiades cluster. The field was observed in the period 2007–2010 with three different CCD‐cameras at the University Observatory Jena with telescopes from 25 to 90 cm. The flare duration is almost one hour with an amplitude in the R‐band of about 1.08 mag. The location of the flare star in a color‐magnitude diagram is consistent with age and distance of the Pleiades. In the optical PSF of the flare star there are two 2MASS objects (unresolved in most images in the optical Jena PSF), so it is not yet known which one of them is responsible for this flare. The BVRIJHK colors yield spectral types of M1 and M2 with extinction being Av = 0.231 ± 0.024 mag and Av = 0.266 ± 0.020 for those two stars, consistent with the Pleiades cluster (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Phototherapie gegen Rückenschmerzen
Authors: Cherenack Kunigunde , Born Matthias , Liebmann Joerg , Suschek Christoph 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMiniaturisierte elektronische Bauteile, die klein genug sind, um in Textilien integriert zu werden, bieten neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten im Bereich Medizintechnik und Phototherapie. Sensoren zur Überwachung von Körperfunktionen, aber auch Licht emittierende Dioden (LEDs), die aktiv auf den Körper einwirken, sind gute Beispiele spezieller Innovationen in diesem Bereich.
HeLa‐Zellen: Entschlüsseltes Genom und offene Fragen
Authors: Kronberg Inge 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDie Sequenzierung kompletter Genome ist beinahe wissenschaftlicher Alltag geworden, kann aber wie bei der Veröffentlichung der Genomsequenz von HeLa‐Zellen dennoch für Aufsehen sorgen. Das European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in Heidelberg sequenzierte erstmals die DNA und RNA dieses seit Jahrzehnten weltweit eingesetzten Laborstamms und verglich sie mit der humanen Referenzsequenz. Unterschiede hatte man erwartet, sie waren aber deutlich größer als angenommen. Wissenschaftler sorgen sich nun um die Relevanz ihrer Ergebnisse, Privatpersonen um den rechtlichen Schutz ihrer genetischen Daten.
Der Engelmann'sche Bakterienversuch als Funktionsmodell
Authors: Högermann Christiane 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMit einem einfachen, von den Schülern selbst herzustellenden Modell lassen sich die Grundlagen des Engelmann'schen Bakterienversuchs veranschaulichen. Ein entscheidender Aspekt kommt dabei neben der kritischen Betrachtung des Originalversuchs auch der Modellkritik zu, zumal die Modellkompetenz zu den wesentlichen Bildungszielen des Biologieunterrichts gehört.
Taxonomie im Wandel
Authors: Raupach Michael J. , Knebelsberger Thomas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDie Taxonomie erlebt heutzutage tiefgreifende Veränderungen. Molekulare Methoden wie DNA‐Barcoding sind mittlerweile fester Bestandteil moderner taxonomischer Forschung. Der aufkommende Einsatz von modernen Hochdurchsatzverfahren wird die Erfassung der Artenvielfalt beschleunigen und das Verständnis für Eigenschaften eines Organismus in einem nie dagewesenen Maße erweitern. Entsprechend ist eine moderne taxonomische Wissenschaft im Entstehen begriffen, die mehr als je zuvor einen integrativen Charakter hat. Zusätzlich ebnet die beginnende Digitalisierung taxonomischer Daten sowie ihre Vernetzung den Weg zu einer dynamischen Cyber‐Taxonomie.
Atlantische Papagei‐taucher in Not
Authors: Kostrzewa Renate 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDie Veränderungen im Wettergeschehen, die langfristig zum Klimawandel führen, beeinflussen viele Parameter in terrestrischen und marinen Ökosystemen. Seevögel sind über ihre Nahrung davon betroffen. Die Erwärmung des Nordatlantiks plus die industrielle Fischerei bewirken für Seevögel Veränderungen im Nahrungsangebot und der ‐zusammensetzung. In der Folge werden einige Seevogelarten nordwärts wandern. Papageitaucher zählen neben anderen Sandaal fressenden Spezies wie Trottellummen oder Dreizehenmöwen zu den Verlierern dieser Veränderungen.
Alzheimer – eine übertragbare Krankheit?
Authors: Tetsch Larissa 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDurch ärztliche Maßnahmen wie der Transplantation von Hirnhaut oder der Gabe von aus Leichen gewonnenen Hormonen wurden im letzten Jahrhundert weltweit mehrere hundert Menschen mit Prionen infiziert. Diese fehlgefalteten Proteine verklumpen und schädigen das Hirngewebe, was zu Demenz und letztendlich zum Tod führt. Eine neue Erkenntnis ist, dass durch die oben genannten Therapien auch das mit Morbus Alzheimer assoziierte Amyloid‐β‐Protein übertragen werden kann. Die Einschätzung von M. Alzheimer als einer nicht‐ansteckenden Krankheit muss von daher überdacht werden.
Apfel und Birne: nicht vergleichen, kreuzen!
Authors: Fischer Thilo , Dierend Werner , Martens Stefan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWie wäre es mit einem Apfel‐Birne‐Hybrid? Auf der Suche nach Elternsorten, die die Kombinationen guter Eigenschaften wie ausgeglichenes Zucker/Säure‐Verhältnis, besonderes Aroma, ansprechende Fruchtfarbe, angenehme Fruchttextur und gute Anbaueigenschaften ergeben, liegt für Kernobstzüchter der Gedanke nahe, auch die Birne als Kreuzungspartner zu verwenden. Sie hat ein besonderes Aroma, eine charakteristische Fruchtform und andere Eigenschaften im Anbau als der Apfel.
Sensitive LC‐MS/MS‐ESI method for simultaneous determination of nifedipine and atenolol in human plasma and its application to a human pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Kallem Raja Reddy , Inamadugu Jaswanth Kumar , Ramesh Mullangi , Seshagirirao J. V. L. N. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTA rapid, simple, sensitive and selective LC‐MS/MS method has been developed and validated for quantification of nifedipine (NF) and atenolol (AT) in human plasma (250 μL). The analytical procedure involves a one‐step liquid–liquid extraction method using carbamazepine as an internal standard (IS). The chromatographic resolution was achieved on a Hypurity Advance C18 column using an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 5 mm ammonium acetate–acetonitrile (15:85, v/v) at flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The LC‐MS/MS was operated under the multiple‐reaction monitoring mode using electrospray ionization. The total run time of analysis was 2 min and elution of NF, AT and IS occurred at 0.79, 1.04 and 0.76 min, respectively. A detailed method validation was performed as per the FDA guidelines and the standard curves found to be linear in the range of 1.02–101 ng/mL for NF and 5.05–503 ng/mL for AT, with a coefficient of correlation of ≥0.99 for both the drugs. NF and AT were found to be stable in a battery of stability studies, viz. bench‐top, auto‐sampler and repeated freeze–thaw cycles. The validated assay method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in humans. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Introduction metrics & ASIS&T
Authors: Milojević Staša , Sugimoto Cassidy R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEditor's SummaryBibliometrics takes center stage for this Bulletin, with a review tracing its historical foundation in the mid‐19th century through forecasts of its expanding uses in future research. The scope of bibliometrics has grown from generalized statistical bibliography, the quantitative study of patterns and references in written communication, to an increasing range of identified subfields. SIG/MET, the recently established ASIS&T special interest group (SIG), reflects the growing research focus on metrics in information science. This issue explores bibliometrics within and outside the information science field, the webometrics of the links to the ASIS&T website, an altmetric view of JASIST readership and metrics‐based visualizations of co‐authorship patterns in the field of bibliometrics itself. Interviews with four distinguished ASIS&T members active in bibliometrics consider where metrics research has come from and where it may be headed.
The decade of metrics? Examining the evolution of metrics within and outside LIS
Authors: Larivière Vincent 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEditor's SummarySince its start in the mid‐19th century, the measurement of document attributes and interrelationships has evolved into the formal field of bibliometrics, becoming solidly established in information science and reaching into other domains. Bibliometric methods have been used to shed light on organizational structure of library and information science (LIS), the reach and influence of LIS research and on interdisciplinarity and the emergence of new fields of study. Data from citation indexes from 1900 through 2011 show the rise of metrics, with the decade starting in 2010 likely to be the most productive and influential. The most cited researchers in information science in 2010 and 2011 focus on metrics, and the use of the term bibliometri* has surged since 2000. The study of metrics in medicine is increasing rapidly, though less so in the social sciences, humanities and natural sciences. Among LIS subtopics, metrics appears to have the strongest influence outside the field.
Consumer uncertainty: The influence of anticipatory emotions on ambivalence, attitudes, and intentions
Authors: Bee Colleen C. , Madrigal Robert 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTSpecific emotions and their combinations have important implications for consumer experiences and decisions. Therefore, emotional response is examined from a future temporal perspective in order to investigate the effect of anticipatory emotions on consumer ambivalence, attitudes, and intentions. In the first study, anticipatory emotions, compared with outcome‐based emotions, are found to be central in prospective consumption situations, and this combination of emotions is most likely to occur when consumers are presented with conflicting information. Furthermore, anticipatory mixed emotions (i.e., anticipatory ambivalence), in contrast to outcome‐based mixed emotions, were the greatest contributor to consumer discomfort and uncertainty regarding future consumption. The second study builds on the first by considering the effect of anticipatory ambivalence on attitudes and intentions in the context of a prospective purchase situation. Ambivalence was found to mediate the effect of evaluative information on intentions, as well as moderate the relationship between attitudes and intentions. Thus, the uncertainty associated with anticipatory emotions negatively affects intentions, as well as the relationship between attitudes and intentions. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
If only I had the time! The impact of time salience on consumers' evaluations of product offers
Authors: Alexander David L. , Sackett Aaron M. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWe explore consumers' consideration of their time budgets when evaluating product offers in a context in which we expect those budgets are most easily ignored—product giveaways. Across three studies, we manipulate the salience of time for participants considering free seminars (Study 1a) and free vacations (Studies 1b and 2) to be received in the near or distant future. Beginning with Study 1, we demonstrate that when time is made salient to them, consumers consider slack in their time budgets when evaluating near‐future but not distant‐future product giveaways. Otherwise, consumers appear to largely ignore time budget slack when evaluating free offers. In Study 2, we replicate these basic effects while providing evidence that consumers' consider slack in their time budgets at the point they commit to a giveaway rather than at the point when they will receive the product. We discuss these findings in terms of both their theoretical and marketing implications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical Constituents of Plants from the Genus Eupatorium (1904–2014)
Authors: Liu Pei‐Yu , Liu Dan , Li Wei‐Huan , Zhao Ting , Sauriol Françoise , Gu Yu‐Cheng , Shi Qing‐Wen , Zhang Man‐Li 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEupatorium (family: Compositae), which comprises nearly 1200 species, is distributed throughout tropical America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. Up to now, the reported constituents from the genus Eupatorium involve flavonoids, terpenoids, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, quinonoids, essential oils, and some others, altogether more than 300 compounds. Studies have shown that Eupatorium and its active principles possess a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as cytotoxic, antifungal, insecticidal, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities. Currently, effective monomeric compounds or active parts have been screened for pharmacological activities from Eupatorium in vivo and in vitro. Increasing amount of data supports application and exploitation for new drug development.
Forensic case formulation: Theoretical, ethical and practical issues
Authors: Davies Jason , Black Susie , Bentley Natalie , Nagi Claire 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTArgumentForensic case formulation, of increasing interest to practitioners and researchers raises many ethical, theoretical and practical issues for them.ConclusionSystemic, contextual and individual factors which need to be considered include the multitude of staff often involved with any one individual, the pressure to ‘get it right’ because of the range of risk implications that are associated with individuals within forensic mental health settings, and individual parameters, for example reluctance to be engaged with services. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discrimination between 2AP producing and non‐producing rice rhizobacterial isolates using volatile profiling: a chemometric approach
Authors: Deshmukh Yogita , Khare Puja , Nadaf Altafhusain B. , Patra Dharnidhar 
Published: October 2015

Abstract2‐Acetyl‐1‐pyrroline (2AP) is known as a principal basmati aroma compound. The present study aims at discriminating rhizobacteria isolated from soils cultivated with basmati and non‐basmati rice for long duration. Volatile profiling was used as marker to discriminate the rhizobacterial isolates. Quantification of 2AP and other volatile compounds (VCs) produced by rhizobacteria was undertaken using HS‐SPME coupled with GC‐MS. Chemometrics tools such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principle component analysis (PCA) and multi dimensional scaling (MDS) were applied for volatile profiling of different isolates. Results showed significant discrimination of all 2AP producing (AP‐P) and non‐producing rhizobacterial isolates (AP‐NP) on the basis of their VC profile. This was validated by bacterial identification data as well. The frequency distribution for 2AP levels indicates that basmati isolates had higher frequency for 2AP production as compared to non‐basmati control. AP‐P and AP‐NP isolates have different VC profiling pattern irrespective of their origin. These isolates were found belonging to different groups when identified using 16S rDNA sequencing data. Chemometric analysis (PCA, HCA and MDS) helped to identify volatiles, which could be used as biomarker in discriminating the AP‐P and AP‐NP isolates. VC pattern of rhizobacteria could be used as volatile markers to distinguish between AP‐P and AP‐NP rhizobacterial isolates. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: 3Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·8H2O: A Metastable Phase in the System Mg(OH)2—MgSO4—H2O.
Authors: Dinnebier Robert E. , Pannach Melanie , Freyer Daniela 
Published: October 2015

Abstract3Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·8H2O (3‐1‐8 phase) and 5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·2H2O (5‐1‐2 phase) are obtained from OH‐ supersaturated MgSO4 solutions which are obtained by suspending highly reactive MgO in differently concentrated MgSO4 solutions followed by filtration and storage at 25 (3‐1‐8 phase) or 40 °C (5‐1‐2 phase).
ChemInform Abstract: Monoclinic Sr1‐xNaxSiO3‐0.5x: New Superior Oxide Ion Electrolytes.
Authors: Singh Preetam , Goodenough John B. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of SrCO3, Na2CO3, and SiO2 (1050 °C, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Azide K4 [Re6Se8i (N3)a6]·4H2O; Luminescence, Redox, and DFT Investigations of the [Re6Se8i (N3)a6]4‐ Cluster Unit.
Authors: Gandubert Aurore , Brylev Konstantin A. , Nguyen Thi Thuong , Naumov Nikolai G. , Kitamura Noboru , Molard Yann , Gautier Regis , Cordier Stephane 
Published: October 2015

AbstractOrange single crystals of K4 [Re6Sei8 (N3)a6]·4H2O are obtained by mixing aqueous solutions of NaN3 and K4 [Re6Sei8(OH)a6] ·8H2O.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide by Polymeric Precursor Technique.
Authors: Chattopadhyay Aloke 
Published: October 2015

AbstractYBa2Cu4O8 containing BaO impurities is prepared by heat treatment (air, 1000 °C, 1 h) of precipitates obtained from mixtures of aqueous solutions of sodium polyacrylate, Y(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2, Ba(NO3)2, NaOH, and MeOH (20 °C, several days).
ChemInform Abstract: Precursor Driven One‐Pot Synthesis of Wurtzite and Chalcopyrite CuFeS2.
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Uma Sitharaman , Nagarajan Rajamani 
Published: October 2015

Abstract[Cu4(tu)9] (NO3)4·4H2O (I) (tu: thiourea) is synthesized by room temperature evaporation of aqueous solutions containing Cu(NO3)2 and thiourea.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Catalysts for Asymmetric Mannich Reactions.
Authors: Rachwalski Michal , Leenders Tim , Kaczmarczyk Sylwia , Kielbasinski Piotr , Lesniak Stanislaw , Rutjes Floris P. J. T. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractChiral catalysts bearing stereogenic centers on the sulfinyl atom and on the carbon atoms in the chiral amine moiety are found to be highly efficient in the three component Mannich reaction of ketones aldehydes and amine (II).
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Diazo‐β‐ketonitriles: Uniquely Reactive Substrates for Arene and Alkene Cyclopropanation.
Authors: Nani Roger R. , Reisman Sarah E. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntramolecular cyclopropanation reaction of α‐diazo‐β‐ketonitriles and α‐diazo‐β‐cyanoamides affords the various norcaradienes products with high stereo‐ and regioselectivity.