bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoproterozoic tectonic shift along the western margin of the Yangtze block, South China craton: Implications for its paleogeographic position during the Rodinia–Gondwana transition
Authors: Qi Liang , Hou Mingcai , Cawood Peter A. , Xiong Fuhao , Peng Touping , Huang Hu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Neoproterozoic igneous rocks in the Panxi region from the western margin of the Yangtze block, South China craton, record major changes in tectonic evolution and crustal thickness, and provide important constraints on the paleogeographic position and climate changes of the block in Rodinia and Gondwana reconstructions. Our new dating results show that the Pengguan complex from the Panxi region comprises ca. 743 Ma adakitic granodiorites and ca. 741 Ma A-type granites. The former is plagioclase-rich and has relatively low SiO2 content (65.22–67.36 wt%), high Mg# values (44.40–52.33), Sr/Y (23.22–61.94) and (La/Yb)N ratios (normalized to chondritic values; 13.41–24.00), with positive whole-rock εNd(t) values (+1.17 to +5.15), and high zircon εHf(t) (+5.53 to +8.83) and low zircon δ18O (4.21‰ to 5.51‰) values, indicating derivation from the partial melting of thickened juvenile mafic lower crust. By contrast, the granites are rich in K-feldspar and have high SiO2 contents (78.71–84.62 wt%), 10,000 × Ga/Al ratios (&gt;2.6), and Fe/Mg ratios, with negative εNd(t) values (−1.47 to −0.02), high zircon εHf(t) (+2.94 to +9.77), and high saturation temperatures (828–920 °C). These features indicate fractional crystallization and partial melting of continental crust in a low-pressure, high-temperature, extensional environment. Integrated with the zircon Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*) data and Hf-O isotopic data on pre-740 Ma magmatism in the Panxi region, we find that a rapid increase of crustal thickening (820–740 Ma) was synchronous with a gradual decrease of zircon δ18O and an increase of zircon εHf(t) values. These variations indicate an increase in the degree of hybridization between mantle sources and subducting slab-derived materials, thus generating a great number of low-δ18O melts, and continuous crustal thickening through the underplating of juvenile magmas. In addition, thinning of the crust since ca. 740 Ma, along with the gradual increase in zircon δ18O and εHf(t), suggests a shift from regional compression to extension. This documented shift, together with regional data from along the western margin of the Yangtze block, indicates a change from the well-developed and long-established Panxi convergent plate margin arc system (at least ca. 870–750 Ma) to passive-margin development and Cryogenian (720–635 Ma) glaciation. The long-lived subduction zone requires a peripheral location of South China that was linked to northern India during the Rodinia breakup. The subsequent and contemporaneous passive-margin development of the Yangtze block and India, along with the similar tectonic affinities of the Cathaysia block with India, indicate that South China lay outboard of the northern Gondwana margin during the assembly of this supercontinent.
Volcanic and orbitally forced carbon release during the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum
Authors: Ma Yiquan , Fan Majie , Zhang Chen , Grasby Stephen E. , Yin Runsheng , Lu Yangbo , Zhang Bolin , Jin Xin , Ma Chao , Lu Yongchao , Sluijs Appy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The drivers of the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) remain enigmatic. Here we report a high-resolution terrestrial MECO record from the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China. The record shows episodic Hg enrichments and a volcanogenic Δ199Hg signature during the MECO, and an abrupt chemical weathering enhancement and negative δ13Corg excursion (CIE) during the MECO peak warmth. A high-resolution age model constrains the MECO to ca. 40.59–40.18 Ma with the onset in the first ~320 k.y. Peak warmth and the CIE initiated at 40.27 Ma, corresponding to 405 k.y. and 100 k.y. eccentricity maxima, and lasted for ~90 k.y., reminiscent of the early Eocene hyperthermals. Our findings suggest that episodic volcanism contributed to gradual atmospheric pCO2 rise, leading to the long duration of the MECO onset. Orbital forcing at 40.27 Ma, on top of CO2 forcing, caused the peak warmth and a positive carbon cycle feedback. The regional increase in weathering is inconsistent with evidence for weakened global continental weathering, suggesting strong spatial heterogeneity in the weathering response to MECO warming.
Economic evaluation of the hospitalist care model in an acute medical unit: a benefit–cost analysis
Authors: Kim Hyun Jeong , Kim Jinhyun , Ohn Jung Hun , Kim Nak-Hyun 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the economic efficiency of the acute medical unit (AMU) hospitalist care model, utilising patient outcomes (length of hospital stay, emergency department (ED)-length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality) from a previous investigation.DesignA retrospective cohort study was conducted using benefit–cost analysis from a societal perspective. Data relating to clinical factors, outcomes and medical costs were obtained from the electronic medical record database at our institution. Literature-based costing was applied to determine direct non-medical costs and indirect costs that could not be obtained directly.SettingA tertiary care hospital in the Republic of Korea.ParticipantsWe evaluated 6391 medical inpatients admitted through the ED from 1 June 2016 to 31 May 2017.InterventionsThe study compared multiple types of costs and benefits among inpatients from the ED between a non-hospitalist group and an AMU hospitalist group.ResultsThis investigation found a significant reduction in medical costs and total costs in the AMU hospitalist group compared to the non-hospitalist group (30% reduction, 95% CI: 27.6–32.1%,P=0.000; 29.3% reduction, 95% CI: 27.0–31.5%,P=0.000; respectively). Furthermore, significant reductions in direct and indirect costs were found in the AMU hospitalist group compared to the non-hospitalist group (28.6% reduction, 95% CI: 26.6–30.5%,P=0.000; 23.3% reduction, 95% CI: 20.9–25.5%,P=0.000; respectively). The net-benefit and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of the AMU hospitalist care group were US $6846 and 1.33 per patient admission, respectively.ConclusionsThe AMU hospitalist care model was associated with remarkable reductions in multiple costs. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicated that the net-benefit estimates of AMU hospitalist care were similar to the baseline estimates. Thus, the overall net-benefit of AMU hospitalist care was found to be largely positive.
Characteristics of mental skills interventions in dance: a mixed methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Dwarika Michelle Schachtler , Quinton Mary L , Nordin-Bates Sanna , Cumming Jennifer 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionDancers are expected to navigate major challenges in their careers that might take a toll on their physical and mental health. To address underlying factors that might increase dancers’ mental and physical health difficulties, research suggests the systematic use of techniques to build mental skills that can reduce risk factors and enhance protective factors against the challenges dancers encounter. However, existing mental skills training interventions in dance present a lack of consistency in design, content and duration, making it difficult to provide evidence-based recommendations. Hence, dance researchers and practitioners would benefit from a mixed methods systematic review (MMSR) of the why, what and how of these interventions. Adopting tools such as the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) can aid this endeavour by describing replicable aspects of interventions, thus offering dance researchers suggestions on how to understand, appraise and report intervention characteristics and processes in dance. Therefore, this protocol outlines a MMSR that will employ TIDieR to identify and assess characteristics of mental skills interventions in dance.Methods and analysisA systematic search will be undertaken in Psycinfo, Medline, Embase, Sportdiscus, Web of Science and the first 30 pages of GoogleScholar. Following the search, two reviewers will independently screen identified studies in Covidence. One reviewer will extract data using the TIDieR framework and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) for quality appraisal, while a second reviewer will check a sample of extracted studies for accuracy. A convergent integrated synthesis will be conducted where quantitative and qualitative evidence will be integrated by qualitising the quantitative data into textual descriptions.Ethics and disseminationThere is no requirement for ethical approval for this systematic review as no empirical data will be collected. The findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication in a scientific journal and presentations in several different forums (eg, a dance psychology network, at scientific and applied conferences).Prospero registration numberCRD42024537249.
It’s about the long game, not epic workouts: unpacking HIIT for endurance athletes
Authors: Seiler Stephen 
Published: July 2024

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) prescriptions manipulate intensity, duration, and recovery variables in multiple combinations. Researchers often compare different HIIT variable combinations and treat HIIT prescription as a “maximization problem”, seeking to identify the prescription(s) that induce the largest acute VO2/HR/RPE response. However, studies connecting the magnitude of specific acute HIIT response variables like work time >90% of VO2max and resulting cellular signalling and/or translation to protein upregulation and performance enhancement are lacking. This is also not how successful endurance athletes train. First, HIIT training cannot be seen in isolation. Successful endurance athletes perform most of their training volume below the first lactate turn point (<LT1), with “threshold training” and HIIT as integrated parts of a synergistic combination of training intensities and durations. Second, molecular signalling research reveals multiple, “overlapping” signalling pathways driving peripheral adaptations, with those pathways most sensitive to work intensity showing substantial feedback inhibition. This makes current training content and longer-term training history critical modulators of HIIT adaptive responses. Third, long term maximization of endurance capacity extends over years. Successful endurance athletes balance low-intensity and high-intensity, low systemic stress, and high systemic stress training sessions over time. The endurance training process is therefore an “optimization problem”. Effective HIIT sessions generate both cellular signal and systemic stress that each individual athlete responds to and recovers from over weeks, months, and even years of training. It is not “epic” HIIT sessions but effective integration of intensity, duration, and frequency of all training stimuli over time that drives endurance performance success.
A quasi-experimental study on the energy expenditure, exercise intensity, and rating of perceived exertion of a male bodybuilding posing training
Authors: Peixoto Douglas Leão , Nacimento Dahan da Cunha , Moura Ronaldo Ferreira , de Moraes Wilson Max Almeida Monteiro , Magalhães Bruno , de Sousa Leandro Lima , Rolnick Nicholas , Prestes Jonato 
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the intensity of posing training in male bodybuilders by comparing it to vigorous intensity parameters and examining the effects of stimulant usage and preparation phases. Specifically, this study compared posing training to established vigorous intensity benchmarks using metabolic equivalents (METs) and heart rate (HR) responses and assessed differences between athletes using stimulants versus those not using stimulants, as well as during peak week versus other preparation phases. Fifteen male bodybuilding athletes (mean age: 32.07 ± 7.82 years; mean body mass: 92.89 ± 9.06 kg; mean height: 1.76 ± 0.05 m; mean body mass index: 29.78 ± 2.24 kg/m²) completed four compulsory posing sets. Findings demonstrated that posing training can be classified as vigorous training intensity using METs (mean difference of −0.50 METs, p = 0.067, ES = −0.51) and maximum HR (mean difference of 14.55 bpm, p = 0.009, ES = 0.79) compared to the established values of 6.0 METs and 77% vigorous intensity of %HRmax, respectively. Additionally, athletes using stimulants exhibited higher ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) of 2.20 arbitrary units ( p = 0.008) and maximum HR (mean difference of 24.37 bpm, p = 0.005, ES = 0.79) compared to those not using stimulants. During peak week, athletes showed higher RPE of 2.38 arbitrary units ( p = 0.004) and maximum HR (mean difference of 14.55 bpm, p = 0.009, ES = 0.79) compared to other preparation phases. These results indicate that bodybuilding posing training meets the criteria for vigorous exercise intensity and that stimulant use and peak week significantly affect physiological responses and perceived exertion. Novelty This study is novel in classifying bodybuilding posing training as vigorous intensity exercise using metabolic equivalents (METs) and heart rate (HR) responses. It provides empirical evidence showing that posing training meets the vigorous intensity benchmarks, with METs and %HRmax values comparable to established vigorous exercise standards. The research highlights the novel finding that stimulant usage and the peak week phase of preparation significantly influence physiological responses and perceived exertion in bodybuilders. Specifically, athletes using stimulants and those in peak week displayed higher ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and maximum heart rates, indicating that these factors notably affect the intensity and perceived difficulty of posing training.
Risk-informed design of debris-flow mitigation at Cheekeye Fan
Authors: LeSueur Philip , Strouth Alex , Mark Emily , Collier-Pandya Beatrice , Zubrycky Sophia 
Published: July 2024

The Cheekeye Fan, located within the District of Squamish, is prone to debris-flow hazards that pose unacceptable risk to development. This article describes how a debris-flow barrier that would protect existing and proposed development was designed to achieve locally adopted risk tolerance criteria. A risk assessment showed that the barrier should manage debris flows with volumes up to 2.8 Mm3 (1:10 000-year return-period events) to achieve tolerable risk, and that debris flows with volumes below 0.2 Mm3 (10–30-year events) can pass the barrier through an outlet without exceeding risk tolerance thresholds. The local government specifies that tolerable debris-flow risks be reduced “as low as reasonably practicable” (ALARP), defined in this project as the point where the cost of additional mitigation measures is grossly disproportionate to the benefits gained. By estimating the disproportionality ratio for potential auxiliary measures, this study shows that the barrier reduces risk ALARP without additional measures in place. The authors believe that new development approval on Cheekeye fan would not be possible without the risk-informed decision-making process described in this article.
An Exploration of the Experiences and Perceptions of TBI Survivors About Accessing Vocational Rehabilitation During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Petersen Tarryn , Soeker Mogammad Shaheed 
Published: July 2024

Background: Statistics indicate a high prevalence of TBI in South Africa, with many individuals with TBI not returning to work. The lack of return to work among TBI survivors is particularly due to factors such as injury severity, preinjury educational and occupational status, and age at injury. However, in addition to the above factors, there was the COVID‐19 pandemic, which resulted in the de‐escalation of nonessential outpatient services in order to assist with curbing the spread of the virus.Objective: The aim of the article is to explore the experiences and perceptions of TBI survivors about accessing vocational rehabilitation during the COVID‐19 pandemic and how this has affected their worker roles.Method: A descriptive, explorative qualitative research design was used, and semistructured interviews were conducted to collect data. The authors subsequently analysed the transcribed data using a thematic analysis approach. The COREQ (consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research) checklist was used as a reporting guideline. Ten TBI survivors and two individuals working in the public health sector participated in this study. Two semistructured interviews were conducted with each research participant.Results: Three themes emanated from the study, namely, Theme 1: “The barriers to accessing rehabilitation during the COVID‐19 pandemic” represents the participants’ barriers to accessing rehabilitation programmes throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic. Theme 2: “Lack of rehabilitation negatively influenced the individual with TBI occupational performance” describes how the lack of OT rehabilitation during the COVID‐19 pandemic impacted the participants’ quality of life. Theme 3: “Factors that facilitated access to rehabilitation during the COVID‐19 pandemic” describes the factors that facilitated access to OT rehabilitation services during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Conclusion: The study found that there were barriers and facilitators to accessing occupational therapy rehabilitation during the COVID‐19 pandemic for TBI survivors. More research needs to be conducted to explore the efficacy of telehealth/telemedicine for occupational therapy rehabilitation and the role of the occupational therapist in global pandemics.
Chromosome 7 Gain Compensates for Chromosome 10 Loss in Glioma
Authors: Nair Nishanth Ulhas , Schäffer Alejandro A. , Gertz E. Michael , Cheng Kuoyuan , Zerbib Johanna , Sahu Avinash Das , Leor Gil , Shulman Eldad D. , Aldape Kenneth D. , Ben-David Uri , Ruppin Eytan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The co-occurrence of chromosome 10 loss and chromosome 7 gain in gliomas is the most frequent loss–gain co-aneuploidy pair in human cancers. This phenomenon has been investigated since the late 1980s without resolution. Expanding beyond previous gene-centric studies, we investigated the co-occurrence in a genome-wide manner, taking an evolutionary perspective. Mining of large-scale tumor aneuploidy data confirmed the previous finding of a small-scale longitudinal study that the most likely order is chromosome 10 loss, followed by chromosome 7 gain. Extensive analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data from both patients and cell lines revealed that this co-occurrence can be explained by functional rescue interactions that are highly enriched on chromosome 7, which could potentially compensate for any detrimental consequences arising from the loss of chromosome 10. Transcriptomic data from various normal, noncancerous human brain tissues were analyzed to assess which tissues may be most predisposed to tolerate compensation of chromosome 10 loss by chromosome 7 gain. The analysis indicated that the preexisting transcriptomic states in the cortex and frontal cortex, where gliomas arise, are more favorable than other brain regions for compensation by rescuer genes that are active on chromosome 7. Collectively, these findings suggest that the phenomenon of chromosome 10 loss and chromosome 7 gain in gliomas is orchestrated by a complex interaction of many genes residing within these two chromosomes and provide a plausible reason why this co-occurrence happens preferentially in cancers originating in certain regions of the brain.
Significance: Increased expression of multiple rescuer genes on the gained chromosome 7 could compensate for the downregulation of several vulnerable genes on the lost chromosome 10, resolving the long-standing mystery of this frequent co-occurrence in gliomas.
Update on Recommendations for Surveillance for Children with Predisposition to Hematopoietic Malignancy
Authors: Maese Luke D. , Wlodarski Marcin W. , Kim Sun Young , Bertuch Alison A. , Bougeard Gaelle , Chang Vivian Y. , Godley Lucy A. , Khincha Payal P. , Kuiper Roland P. , Lesmana Harry , McGee Rose B. , McReynolds Lisa J. , Meade Julia , Plon Sharon E. , Savage Sharon A. , Scollon Sarah R. , Scott Hamish S. , Walsh Michael F. , Nichols Kim E. , Porter Christopher C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Children harboring certain germline gene variants have an increased risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and other hematopoietic malignancies (HM), such as leukemias and lymphomas. Recent studies have identified an expanding number of these predisposition genes, with variants most prevalent in children with MDS but also found in children with other HM. For some hematopoietic malignancy predispositions (HMP), specifically those with a high risk of MDS, early intervention through hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can favorably impact overall survival, providing a rationale for rigorous surveillance. A multidisciplinary panel of experts at the 2023 AACR Childhood Cancer Predisposition Workshop reviewed the latest advances in the field and updated prior 2017 surveillance recommendations for children with HMP. In addition to general guidance for all children with HMP, which includes annual physical examination, education about the signs and symptoms of HM, consultation with experienced providers, and early assessment by a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation specialist, the panel provided specific recommendations for individuals with a higher risk of MDS based on the affected gene. These recommendations include periodic and comprehensive surveillance for individuals with those syndromes associated with higher risk of MDS, including serial bone marrow examinations to monitor for morphologic changes and deep sequencing for somatic changes in genes associated with HM progression. This approach enables close monitoring of disease evolution based on the individual’s genetic profile. As more HMP-related genes are discovered and the disorders’ natural histories are better defined, these personalized recommendations will serve as a foundation for future guidelines in managing these conditions.