bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrete absorption components in the massive LBV Binary MWC 314
Authors: Lobel A. , Martayan C. , Corcoran M. , Groh J. H. , Frémat Y. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe investigate the physical properties of large-scale wind structures around massive hot stars with radiatively-driven winds. We observe Discrete Absorption Components (DACs) in optical He i P Cygni lines of the LBV binary MWC 314 (Porb = 60.8 d). The DACs are observed during orbital phases when the primary is in front of the secondary star. They appear at wind velocities between −100 km s−1 and −600 km s−1 in the P Cyg profiles of Hei λ5875, λ6678, and λ4471, signaling high-temperature expanding wind regions of enhanced density and variable outflow velocity. The DACs can result from wave propagation linked to the orbital motion near the low-velocity wind base. The He i lines indicate DAC formation close to the primary's surface in high-temperature wind regions in front of its orbit, or in dynamical wind regions confined between the binary stars. We observed the DACs with Mercator-HERMES on 5 Sep 2009, 5 May 2012, and 6 May 2014 when the primary is in front of the secondary star. XMM-Newton observations of 6 May 2014 significantly detected MWC 314 in X-rays at an average rate of ~0.015 cts s−1.
Variable C – “a typical” LBV in M 33?
Authors: Weis Kerstin , Humphreys Roberta M. , Burggraf Birgitta , Bomans Dominik J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractOne of the original Hubble-Sandage variables, Variable C in M33 is thought to be a very typical Luminous Blue Variable (LBV). An observational signature of LBVs is a variable brightness which is coupled to a change in spectral type. We compiled a 110 year long light curve of Var C and a set of spectra covering several decades. Analyzing both data sets, various astonishing changes of Var C, some very recent, emerged. Is Var C a typical or an atypical LBV?
An attempt of seismic modelling of β Cephei stars in NGC 6910
Authors: Moździerski D. , Kołaczkowski Z. , Zahajkiewicz E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe present preliminary results of seismic modeling of β Cephei-type stars in NGC 6910 based on simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations carried out in 2013 in Białków (photometry) and Apache Point (spectroscopy) observatories.
The B Fields in OB Stars (BOB) Survey
Authors: Morel T. , Castro N. , Fossati L. , Hubrig S. , Langer N. , Przybilla N. , Schöller M. , Carroll T. , Ilyin I. , Irrgang A. , Oskinova L. , Schneider F. R. N. , Díaz S. Simon , Briquet M. , González J. F. , Kharchenko N. , Nieva M.-F. , Scholz R.-D. , de Koter A. , Hamann W.-R. , Herrero A. , Apellániz J. Maíz , Sana H. , Arlt R. , Barbá R. , Dufton P. , Kholtygin A. , Mathys G. , Piskunov A. , Reisenegger A. , Spruit H. , Yoon S.-C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe B fields in OB stars (BOB) survey is an ESO large programme collecting spectropolarimetric observations for a large number of early-type stars in order to study the occurrence rate, properties, and ultimately the origin of magnetic fields in massive stars. As of July 2014, a total of 98 objects were observed over 20 nights with FORS2 and HARPSpol. Our preliminary results indicate that the fraction of magnetic OB stars with an organised, detectable field is low. This conclusion, now independently reached by two different surveys, has profound implications for any theoretical model attempting to explain the field formation in these objects. We discuss in this contribution some important issues addressed by our observations (e.g., the lower bound of the field strength) and the discovery of some remarkable objects.
Magnetic CP stars in Orion OB1 association
Authors: Romanyuk Iosif I. , Semenko Eugene A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe present the overview of an observational program carring out on the 6-m telescope of Special Astrophysical Observatory from 2012. This program aims the searches of new Bp stars with surface magnetic field and the detailed study of known magnetic CP star from the stellar association Ori OB1. HD 34736 is the most interesting star that was found as magnetic within the program recently.
Links between surface magnetic fields, abundances, and surface rotation in clusters and in the field
Authors: Przybilla Norbert 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTheory predicts that hydrodynamical instabilities transport angular momentum and chemical elements in rotating massive stars. An interplay of rotation and a magnetic field affects these transport processes. The complexity of the problem imposes that a comprehensive description cannot be developed on theoretical grounds alone, progress in the understanding of the evolution of massive stars has to be guided by observations. The challenge lies both in the derivation of accurate and precise observational constraints as well as in the extraction of the relevant information for identifying possible correlations – like between surface magnetic fields, abundances, and surface rotation – from a multivariate function of the many parameters involved. I review the most important steps recently made based on detailed studies of massive stars both in the field and in clusters towards finding such links that ultimately may guide the further development of the models.
X-rays From Centrifugal Magnetospheres in Massive Stars
Authors: Bard Christopher , Townsend Richard 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn the subset of massive OB stars with strong global magnetic fields, X-rays arise from magnetically confined wind shocks (Babel & Montmerle 1997). However, it is not yet clear what the effect of stellar rotation and mass-loss rate is on these wind shocks and resulting X-rays. Here, we present results from a grid of Arbitrary Rigid-Field Hydrodynamic simulations (ARFHD) of a B-star centrifugal magnetosphere with an eye towards quantifying the effect of stellar rotation and mass-loss rate on the level of X-ray emission. The results are also compared to a generalized XADM model for X-rays in dynamical magnetospheres (ud-Doula et al. 2014).
3D and Some Other Things Missing from the Theory of Massive Star Evolution
Authors: David Arnett W. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis is a sketch of a 321D approximation which is nonlocal, and thus has nonzero fluxes of KE (to be published in more detail elsewhere). We plan to add this as an option to MESA. Inclusion of KE fluxes seems to help resolve the solar abundance problem (Asplund et al.2009). Smaller cores may ease the explosion problems with core collapse supernova simulations.
Capsicum annuum transcription factor WRKYa positively regulates defense response upon TMV infection and is a substrate of CaMK1 and CaMK2
Authors: Huh Sung Un , Lee Gil-Je , Jung Ji Hoon , Kim Yunsik , Kim Young Jin , Paek Kyung-Hee 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPlants are constantly exposed to pathogens and environmental stresses. To minimize damage caused by these potentially harmful factors, plants respond by massive transcriptional reprogramming of various stress-related genes via major transcription factor families. One of the transcription factor families, WRKY, plays an important role in diverse stress response of plants and is often useful to generate genetically engineered crop plants. In this study, we carried out functional characterization ofCaWRKYaencoding group I WRKY member, which is induced during hypersensitive response (HR) in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum) uponTobacco mosaic virus(TMV) infection. CaWRKYa was involved inL-mediated resistance via transcriptional reprogramming ofpathogenesis-related(PR) gene expression and affected HR upon TMV-P0infection. CaWRKYa acts as a positive regulator of this defense system and could bind to theW-box of diversePRgenes promoters. Furthermore, we foundCapsicum annuummitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (CaMK1) and 2 (CaMK2) interacted with CaWRKYa and phosphorylated the SP clusters but not the MAPK docking (D)-domain of CaWRKYa. Thus, these results demonstrated that CaWRKYa was regulated by CaMK1 and CaMK2 at the posttranslational level in hot pepper.
N-Glycosylation of cholera toxin B subunit in Nicotiana benthamiana: impacts on host stress response, production yield and vaccine potential
Authors: Hamorsky Krystal Teasley , Kouokam J. Calvin , Jurkiewicz Jessica M. , Nelson Bailey , Moore Lauren J. , Husk Adam S. , Kajiura Hiroyuki , Fujiyama Kazuhito , Matoba Nobuyuki 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPlant-based transient overexpression systems enable rapid and scalable production of subunit vaccines. Previously, we have shown that cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), an oral cholera vaccine antigen, is N-glycosylated upon expression in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, we found that overexpression of aglycosylated CTB by agroinfiltration of a tobamoviral vector causes massive tissue necrosis and poor accumulation unless retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, the re-introduction of N-glycosylation to its original or an alternative site significantly relieved the necrosis and provided a high CTB yield without ER retention. Quantitative gene expression analysis of PDI, BiP, bZIP60, SKP1, 26Sα proteasome and PR1a and the detection of ubiquitinated CTB polypeptides revealed that N-glycosylation significantly relieved ER stress and hypersensitive response and facilitated the folding/assembly of CTB. The glycosylated CTB (gCTB) was characterized for potential vaccine use. Glycan profiling revealed that gCTB contained approximately 38% plant-specific glycans. gCTB retained nanomolar affinity to GM1-ganglioside with only marginal reduction of physicochemical stability and induced an anti-cholera holotoxin antibody response comparable to native CTB in a mouse oral immunization study. These findings demonstrated gCTB's potential as an oral immunogen and point to a potential role of N-glycosylation in increasing recombinant protein yields in plants.
Sample Size for Measuring Grammaticality in Preschool Children From Picture-Elicited Language Samples
Authors: Eisenberg Sarita L. , Guo Ling-Yu 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a shorter language sample elicited with fewer pictures (i.e., 7) would yield a percent grammatical utterances (PGU) score similar to that computed from a longer language sample elicited with 15 pictures for 3-year-old children.

Method
Language samples were elicited by asking forty 3-year-old children with varying language skills to talk about pictures in response to prompts. PGU scores were computed for each of two 7-picture sets and for the full set of 15 pictures.

Results
PGU scores for the two 7-picture sets did not differ significantly from, and were highly correlated with, PGU scores for the full set and with each other. Agreement for making pass–fail decisions between each 7-picture set and the full set and between the two 7-picture sets ranged from 80% to 100%.

Conclusion
The current study suggests that the PGU measure is robust enough that it can be computed on the basis of 7, at least in 3-year-old children whose language samples were elicited using similar procedures.
Sample Length Affects the Reliability of Language Sample Measures in 3-Year-Olds: Evidence From Parent-Elicited Conversational Samples
Authors: Guo Ling-Yu , Eisenberg Sarita 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
The goal of this study was to investigate the extent to which sample length affected the reliability of total number of words (TNW), number of different words (NDW), and mean length of C-units in morphemes (MLCUm) in parent-elicited conversational samples for 3-year-olds.

Method
Participants were sixty 3-year-olds. A 22-min language sample was collected from each child during free play with the parent in the laboratory. Samples of 1, 3, 7, and 10 min were extracted from the 22-min samples. TNW, NDW, and MLCUm were computed from each shorter sample and the 22-min sample. TNW and NDW were adjusted by number of minutes for comparisons. The differences and correlations between each shorter sample cut and the 22-min sample on MLCUm and adjusted TNW and NDW were computed.

Results

The shorter samples and the 22-min samples significantly differed in adjusted TNW and NDW, but not in MLCUm. TNW reached an acceptable reliability level (i.e.,
r
= .90) in 7-min samples. NDW and MLCUm approached the acceptable reliability level (
r
s = .88) in 7-min samples and reached it in 10-min samples.

Conclusion
For conversational language samples with similar collection procedures, samples of 7 to 10 min are desirable for calculating TNW, NDW, and MLCUm in 3-year-olds.
Quasi‐resonant LED driver with capacitive isolation
Authors: Abramovitz A. , Reichman I. , Shmilovitz D. 
Published: January 2015

A low part count, efficient quasi‐resonant light‐emitting diode driver is proposed. The proposed driver relies on a capacitive safety isolation barrier, which eliminates the need for a bulky isolation transformer; thus, the footprint area can be reduced. Operation frequencies of 100–350 kHz further contribute to miniaturisation of the proposed driver. The feasibility of the proposed topology is verified by simulation and experimental results.
Multi‐layer on‐chip inductor for 10–100 GHz frequency applications
Authors: Deevi B.V.N.S.M. Nagesh , Rao N. Bheema 
Published: January 2015

A multi‐layer inductor is proposed to achieve high inductance with moderate Q‐factor values. The development of integration of devices technology in radio‐frequency (RF) has increased the importance of on‐chip inductors. In the literature, the planar inductor, the three‐dimensional (3D) inductor with constant width and the 3D inductor with variable width are reported. Using the basic concept of multi‐layer technology in very large‐scale integration (VLSI) system design and considering lambda rules, the proposed inductor is designed. The inductance of the proposed inductor is nearly 37–45% higher compared with reported inductors with a moderate quality factor. This inductor is realised using 180 nm scale technology with an area of cross‐section 10 × 10 µm2. Results are presented using the IE3D EM field solver with the help of series RL and shunt RC lumped Pi model.
8b 0.9 V 300 MHz pipelined ADC using transistor healing and charge‐steering techniques
Authors: Moghadami S. , Ardalan S. 
Published: January 2015

A fully integrated 0.9 V, 8b, 300 MHz pipelined analogue‐to‐digital converter (ADC) using healed transistors and charge‐steering op‐amps in 180 nm CMOS technology is presented. The proposed ADC employs the modified current‐driven bulk (CDB) method as a healing technique to reduce the threshold voltage (Vth) of transistors in order to improve the overall performance. The fabricated ADC achieves an SFDR of 59.1 dB and an SNDR of 42.9 dB while dissipating 2.56 mW from the 0.9 V power supply. These results yield an FOMW of 74.8 fJ/conversion step and an FOMS of 150.6 dB.
Very high‐sensitivity tunable phase detection of light power variations using electrical modulation of Si‐photodiode in photovoltaic regime
Authors: De Marcellis A. , Janneh M. , Palange E. 
Published: January 2015

The use of a silicon (Si)‐photodiode (Si‐PD) operating in photovoltaic mode as a tunable very high‐sensitivity phase detector of light power variations is demonstrated. This result is reached by applying to the Si‐PD an electrical modulation through an AC excitation signal without a DC reverse bias. This allows employing the synchronous demodulation technique for phase detection that shows much better performances with respect to the conventional amplitude measurements, mainly overcoming the issues related to the electrical noise and the resolution limitation due to the selected full scale. The phase variations to be detected occur between the modulating signal and the one provided by the Si‐PD as a function of the light power variations on its sensitive area. The proposed approach notably simplifies both the electronic circuitry and the optical setup, minimising the detection system complexity and size. Experimental results demonstrate that it is possible to achieve phase detection sensitivity, with respect to light power variations, of up to 410°/μW as a function of the Si‐PD settable operating conditions. Using a standard commercial lock‐in amplifier with a 0.01° phase resolution is possible to obtain a light power resolution of up to 25 pW.
Broadband substrate‐integrated waveguide T‐junction with arbitrary power‐dividing ratio
Authors: Li Teng , Dou Wenbin 
Published: January 2015

A novel broadband substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) T‐junction with an arbitrary power‐dividing ratio is proposed. Three inductive posts are designed to adopt flexibility for the equal output T‐junction to obtain a wide impedance bandwidth. To realise the unequal power‐dividing ratio over a wide bandwidth, the SIW coupler is integrated with corner structures and a novel T‐junction structure is formed. Three T‐junctions with different power division ratios (1:1, 1:4 and 1:8) at a centre frequency of 6 GHz are simulated, fabricated and measured. The measured bandwidths are 60, 53 and 63.3%, respectively.
Interferometric orbital angular momentum mode multiplexer/demultiplexer based on pairs of cylindrical lenses
Authors: Martelli P. , Boffi P. , Fasiello A. , Martinelli M. 
Published: January 2015

A novel interferometric configuration for orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode multiplexing/demultiplexing, based on the image transformation property of pairs of cylindrical lenses and without any splitting loss, is proposed. The effectiveness in mode demultiplexing has been experimentally proven by performing bit error rate measurements for a 20 Gbit/s mode division multiplexing communication system where two modes with different values of OAM, corresponding to the angular indices l = 0 and 1, respectively, are transmitted.
Wideband patch directional coupler based on non‐uniform mushroom structure
Authors: Zhou Xin Yu , Zheng Shao Yong , Pu Xing Yu , Chan Wing Shing , Long Yunliang 
Published: January 2015

A wideband patch directional coupler is proposed. The coupler is designed based on the non‐uniform mushroom structure with unique characteristics. The current distribution within the patch can be controlled by the mushroom cells underneath for wideband property. An 8 dB directional coupler has been designed, fabricated and measured for verification. It exhibits good return loss, small coupling coefficient variation and quadrature phase difference among the output ports over a wide bandwidth of 74.6% centred at 8.45 GHz.
Tunable 500 GHz transmitter array in SiGe technology for gas spectroscopy
Authors: Schmalz K. , Borngräber J. , Debski W. , Neumaier P. , Wang R. , Hübers H.‐W. 
Published: January 2015

A 500 GHz system for gas spectroscopy is presented, which includes an integrated SiGe 4 × 1 transmitter (TX) array, a Golay cell as a detector and a 1.9 m‐long gas absorption cell. The local oscillator (LO) of the TX array is controlled by an external phase‐locked loop, whose reference frequency is swept. The four TX branches involve frequency quadruplers (x4). The TX branches are fed by a 120 GHz power division network, which is connected to the LO. The estimated radiated output power of the TX array is −7 dBm at 500 GHz. The absorption spectrum of gaseous methanol is shown for 494–500 GHz.
Growth suppression and cell death by pyridoxal is dependent on p53 in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7
Authors: Minamino Masaki , Oka Tatsuzo , Kanouchi Hiroaki 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Vitamin B6 compound, pyridoxine (PN), has shown antitumor action. Our previous experiments showed that PN induces expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 to arrest proliferation and induce cell death. This induction is inhibited by the p53-specific inhibitor pifithrin-α. Here, we report that another B6 compound, pyridoxal (PL), strongly inhibited MCF-7 cell growth compared to PN. PL induced the G0/G1 arrest and the accumulation of subG1 population. Although p53 mRNA was not changed by PL, 0.5 mM PL increased the protein level in MCF-7 cells. The cell growth suppression by 0.5 mM PL did not occur when p53 expression was knocked down using siRNA. Together, these data suggest that PL accumulate p53 and PL-induced cell growth suppression is dependent on p53 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Intraoperative Core Temperature Patterns, Transfusion Requirement, and Hospital Duration in Patients Warmed with Forced Air
Authors: Sun Zhuo , Honar Hooman , Sessler Daniel I. , Dalton Jarrod E. , Yang Dongsheng , Panjasawatwong Krit , Deroee Armin F. , Salmasi Vafi , Saager Leif , Kurz Andrea 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAbstract
In almost 59,000 adults having surgery lasting more than an hour, core temperatures decreased during the first hour of surgery, thereafter rising to an average final temperature of 36.3°C. Hypothermia significantly increased both transfusion requirements and duration of hospitalization, but only the increase in transfusions was clinically important.

Background:
Core temperature patterns in patients warmed with forced air remain poorly characterized. Also unknown is the extent to which transient and mild intraoperative hypothermia contributes to adverse outcomes in broad populations.

Methods:
We evaluated esophageal (core) temperatures in 58,814 adults having surgery lasting >60 min who were warmed with forced air. Independent associations between hypothermic exposure and transfusion requirement and duration of hospitalization were evaluated.

Results:
In every percentile subgroup, core temperature decreased during the first hour and subsequently increased. The mean lowest core temperature during the first hour was 35.7 ± 0.6°C. Sixty-four percent of the patients reached a core temperature threshold of <36°C 45 min after induction; 29% reached a core temperature threshold of <35.5°C. Nearly half the patients had continuous core temperatures <36°C for more than an hour, and 20% of the patients were <35.5°C for more than an hour. Twenty percent of patients had continuous core temperatures <36°C for more than 2 h, and 8% of the patients were below 35.5°C for more than 2 h. Hypothermia was independently associated with both transfusions and duration of hospitalization, although the prolongation of hospitalization was small.

Conclusions:
Even in actively warmed patients, hypothermia is routine during the first hour of anesthesia. Thereafter, average core temperatures progressively increase. Nonetheless, intraoperative hypothermia was common, and often prolonged. Hypothermia was associated with increased transfusion requirement, which is consistent with numerous randomized trials.