bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews
Authors: Shen Wenjing 
Published: June 2015

In Book Reviews, we review an extensive and diverse range of books. They cover theory and applications in operations research, statistics, management science, econometrics, mathematics, computers, and information systems. In addition, we include books in other fields that emphasize technical applications. The editor will be pleased to receive an email from those willing to review a book, with an indication of specific areas of interest. If you are aware of a specific book that you would like to review, or that you think should be reviewed, please contact the editor. The following books are reviewed in this issue of Interfaces, 45(3), May–June 2015: Predictive Analytics, Data Mining and Big Data: Myths, Misconceptions and Methods, Steven Finlay; and Modeling Techniques in Predictive Analytics: Business Problems and Solutions with R, Thomas W. Miller.
Financial Distress Risk and New CEO Compensation
Authors: Chang Woo-Jin , Hayes Rachel M. , Hillegeist Stephen A. 
Published: June 2015

We examine how ex ante financial distress risk affects CEO compensation. To disentangle the joint effects of performance on compensation and distress risk, we focus our analyses on new CEOs. Our results indicate that financial distress risk affects compensation through two channels. First, new CEOs receive significantly more compensation when financial distress risk is higher. This finding is consistent with CEOs receiving a compensation premium for bearing this risk since CEOs experience large personal costs if their firms later become financially distressed. Second, financial distress risk is associated with the incentives provided to new CEOs; distress risk is positively associated with pay-performance sensitivity and equity-based compensation and is negatively associated with cash bonuses. Further, financial distress risk is positively associated with pay-risk sensitivity for new CEOs. These findings suggest that financial distress risk alters the nature of the agency relationship in ways that lead firms to provide CEOs with more equity-based incentives. We also build on research that finds a positive relation between forced turnover risk and CEO compensation. Our analyses suggest the compensation effects of forced turnover risk appear to be mainly attributable to financial distress risk. Overall, our results indicate financial distress risk is an economically important determinant of new CEO compensation packages. This paper was accepted by Mary Barth, accounting.
Spencer-Brown, Peirce, Girard, and the Origin of Logic
Authors: Rosa António Machuco 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This article will show how René Girard’s hypothesis of the scapegoat victim is the indirect basis of the discipline that unfolds the necessary consequences of the distinction between two possible states; that is, formal logic. To support this unusual view on the foundation of logic, two systems of formal logic will be analyzed: the calculus of indications created by George Spencer-Brown in the 1960s and the system of existential graphs created by Charles S. Peirce in the late nineteenth century. The first system shows that logic is based on elemental difference, and the second displays that logic is based on an original act of expulsion, the expulsion of the opposite of logic, which will be called the illogical. It will then be argued that Girard’s theory allows the full understanding of the expulsion of the illogical; that is, the emergence of the elemental difference upon which logic is based. It is not argued that logic, as a symbolic system of inferences, is directly based on Girard’s theory. It is rather argued that, as shown by the work of Spencer-Brown, formal logic is based on elemental distinction and negation from where they had their roots in the scapegoat mechanism. Finally, concerning a real and specific pattern of inference, a link is suggested between apagoge and the founding murder.
The p-Royden and p-Harmonic Boundaries for Metric Measure Spaces
Authors: Lucia Marcello , Puls Michael J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Let p be a real number greater than one and let X be a locally compact, noncompact metric measure
space that satisfies certain conditions. The p-Royden and p-harmonic boundaries of X are constructed by using
the p-Royden algebra of functions on X and a Dirichlet type problem is solved for the p-Royden boundary.
We also characterize the metric measure spaces whose p-harmonic boundary is empty.
LQR design of synchronizing controllers for multi-agent systems
Authors: Mosebach Andrej , Lunze Jan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The goal of synchronization of multi-agent systems is achieved, if for any initial condition the agents asymptotically follow a common
trajectory. Besides asymptotic synchronization this paper considers the transient behavior of the synchronization errors between
agents. A good transient behavior is expected for networked controllers that minimize an LQ-like performance index. For this type of
objective functions the standard observability assumption of the linear quadratic regulator theory is not fulfilled and hence the
optimization problem can not be solved directly. It is shown that the optimal networked controller requires an all-to-all coupling
between the agents. To overcome the limitation of such a complete coupling, an approximation method is developed that ensures
synchronization of the agents with a given structure of the communication network. For the case of a complete communication it is shown
that the approximate networked controller is also optimal.
Bestimmung der Leistungsflussrichtungen in verlustbehafteten Antriebssystemen
Authors: Herchenhan Michael 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Mechanische Verluste in Antriebssystemen sind in vielen Simulationsaufgaben Gegenstand der Betrachtung. Wesentliche Anteile der
Verluste in Zahnradgetrieben müssen dabei in Abhängigkeit der internen Leistungsflussrichtungen berechnet werden. Deshalb stellt die
Bestimmung interner Leistungsflussrichtungen eine wichtige Aufgabenstellung bei analytischen Untersuchungen und bei der Entwicklung
dynamischer Simulationsmodelle dar. In diesem Beitrag wird aufgezeigt, worin die Schwierigkeiten dieser Aufgabe bestehen und eine
geeignete Methode zu deren Überwindung vorgestellt. Die nachfolgende Diskussion dieser Methode liefert Erkenntnisse über einen anderen
Lösungsansatz, der bereits in früheren Beiträgen vorgestellt wurde.
The Dynamics of Offshoring and Institutions
Authors: Heyman Fredrik , Tingvall Patrik Gustavsson 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Previous research has found that weak institutions can hamper investment and alter patterns of trade. However, little is known about the impact of institutional quality on offshoring. This lack of knowledge is surprising, given that offshoring has become an important part of many firms’ internationalization strategies. This study uses detailed firm-level data for the 1997–2005 period to examine the relationship between institutional quality in 113 source countries and offshoring by Swedish firms. The results suggest that weak institutions are negatively related to offshoring in general and to the offshoring of R&D- and relationship specificity-intensive inputs in particular. An analysis of learning effects suggests that the impact of weak institutions on the offshoring of relationship specificity-intensive inputs vanishes when firms return to countries from which they have previous market experience. Our results are robust to the use of various measures of institutional quality.
Are You There God? It’s Me, a College Student: Religious Beliefs and Higher Education
Authors: Routon P. Wesley , Walker Jay K. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Drawing data from a longitudinal survey of college students from 514 institutions of higher education, we add to the discussion on the education–religion puzzle by providing information on specifically which college students experience the most religiosity change, investigating multiple change measures (conviction strength, service attendance, and religious identity), and estimating which programs of study and collegiate experiences cause the most change. We also provide an analysis of students who seek or initially sought an occupation within the clergy. Among our findings, 56% of students report changes in the strength of their religious convictions during college, while 45% report changes in religious service attendance frequency. Of those who matriculate as religious, about 9% lose their religion by graduation. Of those who matriculate with no religious identity, an impressive 33% graduate with one. Choice of institution, major of study, academic success, and many other collegiate experiences are shown to be determinants of these changes.
Magnetic relaxometry as applied to sensitive cancer detection and localization
Authors: De Haro Leyma P. , Karaulanov Todor , Vreeland Erika C. , Anderson Bill , Hathaway Helen J. , Huber Dale L. , Matlashov Andrei N. , Nettles Christopher P. , Price Andrew D. , Monson Todd C. , Flynn Edward R. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHere we describe superparamagnetic relaxometry (SPMR), a technology that utilizes highly sensitive magnetic sensors and superparamagnetic nanoparticles for cancer detection. Using SPMR, we sensitively and specifically detect nanoparticles conjugated to biomarkers for various types of cancer. SPMR offers high contrastIn SPMR measurements, a brief magnetizing pulse is used to align superparamagnetic nanoparticles of a discrete size. Following the pulse, an array of superconducting quantum interference detectors (SQUID) sensors detect the decaying magnetization field. NP size is chosen so that, when bound, the induced field decays in seconds. They are functionalized with specific biomarkers and incubated with cancer cellsSuperparamagnetic NPs developed here have small size dispersion. Cell incubation studies measure specificity for different cell lines and antibodies with very high contrast.
Two novel haemoglobin variants that affect haemoglobin A1c measurement by ion-exchange chromatography
Authors: Bots Michael , Stroobants An K. , Delzenne Barend , Soeters Maarten R. , de Vries Johan E. , Weykamp Cas W. , Norg Roelf J.C. , Veldthuis Martijn , Zwieten Rob van 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHaemoglobin (Hb) variants are well-known factors interfering with accurate HbAGlycated forms of novel Hb variants were recognised in the blood of two patients with diabetes mellitus screened by HbAA fraction of 15% of abnormal Hb was observed in a 37-year-old female. DNA sequencing revealed a heterozygous mutation in the αClose examination of HbA
Screening non-deletion α-thalassaemia mutations in the HBA1 and HBA2 genes by high-resolution melting analysis
Authors: Petropoulou Margarita , Poula Amalia , Traeger-Synodinos Jan , Vrettou Christina , Kanavakis Emmanuel , Christopoulos Theodore K. , Ioannou Penelope C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractScreening for “non-deletion” α-chain haemoglobin variants resulting from point mutations or short deletions/insertions has attracted an increased interest during recent years, especially in areas where α-thalassaemia is prevalent. We describe a method utilising high resolution melting analysis for detecting the 13 most common “non-deletion” α-thalassaemia mutations in populations around the Mediterranean and Middle East.The method comprises: (1) amplification of a 1087 bp fragment for each of the duplicated α-globin genes (All 13 “non-deletion” α-chain haemoglobin variants were successfully detected by high resolution melting analysis. All heterozygote samples and eight out of 10 available homozygotes were clearly differentiated from each other and from wild type in the same amplicon. Although not all homozygote samples were distinguishable from wild type samples, this should not present a problem in a clinical setting since all DNA results should be evaluated alongside the haematological and (if relevant) clinical findings in each case.The 13 “non-deletion” α-chain haemoglobin variants were successfully genotyped by high resolution melting analysis using LightScanner instrument and LCGreen Plus saturating dye. High resolution melting analysis is an accurate mutation scanning tool, advantageous as a closed-tube method, involving no post-PCR manipulations and requiring only around 5 min post-PCR analysis.
Centaurea cyanus L. Polysaccharides and
Polyphenols Cooperation in Achieving Strong
Rat Gastric Ulcer Protection
Authors: Pirvu Lucia , Bubueanu Corina , Panteli Minerva , Petcu Lucian , Coprean Dragomir 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This work was aimed at testing gastroprotective
effects of Centaurea cyanus L. (herba) polysaccharides
(P) and polyphenols (A) fractions on stress-induced rat
ulcer model. Studies evaluating acute toxicity in rats
and antioxidant (chemiluminescence method) and
antimicrobial (on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538
and Escherichia coli ATCC8739 strains) activities of
Centaurea cyanus L. (herba) product, which combined
polysaccharides and polyphenols fractions (PA), have also
been done. Accordingly, in vivo pharmacological studies
revealed high influence of PA product (500 mg kg-1 of body
weight) on deep, moderate and superficial gastric mucosal
lesions, greater than that of chemical reference, Ranitidine.
P product was proven more effective than Ranitidine in
opposing the emergence of deep necrotic lesions only,
suggesting the ability of polysaccharides compounds to
consolidate gastric mucous layer as well as their certain
tendency for cooperation with polyphenols fractions.
The acute toxicity study indicated the lack of toxicity of
PA product and maximum tolerated doses greater than
1875 mg kg-1 of body weight. PA product provided augmented
scavenger activity and week antimicrobial activity on
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 and Escherichia coli
ATCC8739 strains, resulting in better opportunities for
valorisation of the aerial part of Centaurea cyanus L.
species in order to obtain new and effective natural
medicines.
Effect of process parameters on the concentration, current efficiency and energy consumption of electro-generated silver(II)
Authors: Mokhtari Shahrnaz , Mohammadi Fereidoon , Nekoomanesh Mehdi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractElectro-membrane generation of Ag(II) in nitric acid was experimentally explored in a threeelectrode laboratory cell with respect to various operating parameters. DSA-O
The pharmacological features of bilirubin: the question of the century
Authors: Zahir Farhana , Rabbani Gulam , Khan Rizwan Hasan , Rizvi Shamim J , Jamal Mohammad Sarwar , Abuzenadah Adel M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis review looks at the toxicity and metabolism of bilirubin in terms of its pharmacological potential. Its role has gained importance as more research has revealed the functional significance and interrelationship between the gasotransmitters nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. The biological actions of bilirubin have mostly been characterized in the high micromolar range where toxic effects occur. However, it could also prove to be an important cytoprotector for brain tissue, which is inherently less equipped for antioxidant defense. Plasma bilirubin levels negatively correlate to a number of disease states. Higher levels of bilirubin that are still within the normal range provide a protective effect to the body. The effects on various disorders could be tested using controlled pharmacological upregulation of the molecule with animal models. At nanomolar concentrations, considerable benefits have been obtained when the molecule was delivered pharmacologically under in vitro or in vivo test conditions, particularly in neurodegenerative disorders and after tissue or organ transplantation. The induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1) via the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor or the use of bile pigments in the harvesting of diseased tissue are novel applications, and like every new therapy, should be used with caution. HMOX-1 is tissue specific, and in exceptional states, such as schizophrenia and specific types of renal disorder, the same therapy may have disastrous effects.
Application of Post-stack migration to seismicdata associated with fault structures
Authors: Koduru Anitha , Mohanty P. R 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In hydrocarbon exploration, wave-equation migrationtechniques play an important role in imaging thecomplex geological structures. Usually, post-stack migrationscheme is applied to the seismic data to improve theresolution with restoration of dipping reflectors to theirtrue position. As a result, the migrated time sections areinterpretable in terms of subsurface features. As a numericalstudy, three fault models are considered for the presentstudy. First of all, synthetic time sections are generatedcorresponding to three models. Later, post stack migrationschemes such as Gazdag(PS), Phase-shift with turningrays and reverse time migration (T-K) domain techniquesare applied in order to judge the imaging accuracy, preservationof true amplitude and computational speed. All thethree post stack time migrated sections delineate the structurewith their throw.However, the reverse time migrations(T-K) clearly delineate the reflectors in restoring the throwproperly with minimum computational time. In order totest the validity the numerical results, similar exercise hasbeen undertaken using field seismic data of KG basin, India.The results indicates that the field migrated sectionsare imaged. But, the reverse time migration (T-K ) providesthe best subsurface image with restoration of reflectorsand collapse of diffracted events with least computationaltime. Gazdag (PS) and Phase-Shift with turning migratedsection shows the reduction of amplitude whereas, the reversetime migration preserved the amplitude fully.
Regular elements of the complete semigroups of binary relations of the class Σ6(X,8)
Authors: Aydın Neşet , Diasamidze Yasha , Yeşil Sungur Didem 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, let X be a finite set, D be a complete X-semilattice of unions and

Q
=
{

T
1

,

T
2

,

T
3

,

T
4

,

T
5

,

T
6

,

T
7

,

T
8

}

$Q=\lbrace T_1,T_2,T_3,T_4,T_5, T_6,T_7,T_8\rbrace $

be an X-subsemilattice of D where

T
1

⊂

T
3

⊂

T
5

⊂

T
6

⊂

T
8

$T_1\subset T_3\subset T_5\subset T_6\subset T_8$

,

T
1

⊂

T
3

⊂

T
5

⊂

T
7

⊂

T
8

$T_1\subset T_3\subset T_5\subset T_7\subset T_8$

,

T
2

⊂

T
3

⊂

T
5

⊂

T
6

⊂

T
8

$T_2\subset T_3\subset T_5\subset T_6\subset T_8$

,

T
2

⊂

T
3

⊂

T
5

⊂

T
7

⊂

T
8

$T_2\subset T_3\subset T_5\subset T_7\subset T_8$

,

T
2

⊂

T
4

⊂

T
5

⊂

T
6

⊂

T
8

$T_2\subset T_4\subset T_5\subset T_6\subset T_8$

,

T
2

⊂

T
4

⊂

T
5

⊂

T
7

⊂

T
8

$T_2\subset T_4\subset T_5\subset T_7\subset T_8$

,

T
2

∖

T
1

≠
∅

$T_2\setminus T_1\ne \emptyset $

,

T
1

∖

T
2

≠
∅

$T_1\setminus T_2\ne \emptyset $

,

T
4

∖

T
3

≠
∅

$T_4\setminus T_3\ne \emptyset $

,

T
3

∖

T
4

≠
∅

$T_3\setminus T_4\ne \emptyset $

,

T
6

∖

T
7

≠
∅

$T_6\setminus T_7\ne \emptyset $

,

T
7

∖

T
6

≠
∅

$T_7\setminus T_6\ne \emptyset $

,

T
2

∪

T
1

=

T
3

$T_2\cup T_1=T_3$

,

T
4

∪

T
3

=

T
5

$T_4\cup T_3=T_5$

,

T
6

∪

T
7

=

T
8

$T_6\cup T_7=T_8$

.
Using the characteristic family of sets, the characteristic mapping and base sources of Q, we characterize the class whose elements are each isomorphic to Q. We
generate some advanced formulas in order to calculate the number of
regular elements α of B

X
(D) satisfying

V
(
D
,
α
)
=
Q

$V(D,\alpha )=Q$

, in an
efficient way.
Ligand- and catalyst-free intramolecular C-S bond formation: direct access to indalothiochromen- 4-ones
Authors: Vijay T.A. Jenifer , Sandhya Nagarakere C. , Pavankumar C.S. , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S. , Mantelingu Kempegowda 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
An efficient ligand- and catalyst-free intramolecular S-arylation leading to the direct synthesis of indalothiochromen-4-ones from simple dithioesters under mild conditions has been developed. This method is particularly noteworthy given its experimental simplicity, high generality, and good functional group toleration.
Identity negotiation in a super-diverse community: The fuzzy languaging logic of high school students in Soweto
Authors: Nkadimeng Shilela , Makalela Leketi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article reports on multilingual adolescent youth’s negotiation of identities in a languaging South African environment. Focus group dialogues of 17 Grade 11 multilingual students from the South Western Townships (Soweto) in Johannesburg were analysed using conversational analysis techniques from a selected data pool that was generated over a period of three hours. The results of the study show a rift between classroom language and out of school language practices. We demonstrate that (i) the Soweto youth have a wide range of linguistic flexibility that indexes the new socio-linguistic status of South Africa in the post independent era and (ii) that monolingual classroom language are no longer adequate spaces for creativity and plural identity formation. Adopting a mathematical reasoning of approximates, rather than fixed sets, we coin the concept “fuzzy languaging logic” to argue that indigenous African languages are embedded in one another and that the respondents use this hybrid language space to identify and ethnify – choosing who they want to become beyond traditional linguistic and exact ethnic affiliations. Considerations for language in motion and social change as key features of globalization are made at the end of the article.
An ethnography of the standardization reform: A case of policy-making in the context of the Upper Perené Arawak community of Peru
Authors: Mihas Elena 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study offers an on-the-ground perspective on the multi-layered process of the Ashéninka and Asháninka state-initiated standardization reform, with the Upper Perené Ashéninka of Peru being a case in point. The reform is carried out in the context of the dramatic decline in the Ashéninka Perené language use due to the community-wide shift to the national language, Spanish. Presented within the ethnographic framework, the analysis focuses on the community’s own view of the national language policy, revealed in the speakers’ language allegiances and attitudes to its own language and literacy, and that of the competing Tambo Asháninka variety, chosen by the government actors to be the written standard. On the basis of a comprehensive video and audio corpus, the ethnography considers conflictive discursive histories of the policy-makers including those of language consultants, bilingual teachers, tribal and political leadership and educational policy agents. The on-the-ground implementation of the standardization reform is supported by the younger generation of speakers who generally have a passive knowledge of the Upper Perené language. Older policy-makers, organized into a language consultant team, have launched resistance projects including the production of Upper Perené books and dictionaries which use the language community’s own spelling conventions.
Asymptotic behavior of small solutions of the Benjamin–Ono equation with time-dependent coefficients
Authors: Mammeri Youcef 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We study the behavior of small solutions depending on time of the
generalized and regularized Benjamin–Ono equation in both continuous and
periodic context. In particular, we prove that these solutions remain small for
a time scale improving the natural time given by the local well-posedness. In
the continuous case, the result becomes global-in-time.