bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Single Ventricle Lesions Palliated Via the Hybrid Approach
Authors: Roeleveld Peter P. , Wilde Rob de , Hazekamp Mark , Rycus Peter T. , Thiagarajan Ravi R. 
Published: June 2014

Background: Describing outcomes for children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) undergoing hybrid palliation (pulmonary artery band and stent placement in the patent ductus arteriosus) requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support for cardiorespiratory failure. Methods: We reviewed the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization database for all patients with a diagnosis of an HLHS undergoing hybrid stage 1 palliation supported with ECMO and those patients with hybrid palliation supported with ECMO after comprehensive stage 2 palliation. Patients were identified using a combination of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and registry diagnosis and procedure codes. We report survival to hospital discharge and ECMO complications. Results: We identified 44 patients with HLHS requiring ECMO following stage 1 hybrid approach. Median age at cannulation was 13.5 days. Only 16% survived to hospital discharge. In all, 20 (50%) patients had a cardiac arrest prior to going onto ECMO and for 3 (19%) patients, ECMO was initiated during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Conclusions: Overall survival for ECMO support in patients with HLHS palliated via the hybrid approach is very poor (16%) and is worse than 31% survival reported for ECMO after conventional stage 1 palliation. The reasons for these poor outcomes require further investigation.
Impact of Pulsatile Flow Settings on Hemodynamic Energy Levels Using the Novel Diagonal Medos DP3 Pump in a Simulated Pediatric Extracorporeal Life Support System
Authors: Adedayo Pelumi , Wang Shigang , Kunselman Allen R. , Ündar Akif 
Published: June 2014

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the pump performance of the novel diagonal Medos Deltastream DP3 diagonal pump (MEDOS Medizintechnik AG, , Stolberg, Germany) under nonpulsatile to pulsatile mode with varying differential speed values in a simulated pediatric extracorporeal life support system. Methods: The experimental circuit consisted of a Medos Deltastream DP3 pump head and console, a Medos Hilite 2400 LT hollow fiber membrane oxygenator (MEDOS Medizintechnik AG), a 14F Medtronic DLP arterial cannula (Medtronic Inc, Minnesota), and a 20F Terumo TenderFlow Pediatric venous return cannula (Terumo Corporation, Michigan). Trials were conducted at flow rates ranging from 500 mL/min to 2,000 mL/min (500 mL/min increments) and pulsatile differential speed values ranging from 500 rpm to 2,500 rpm (500 rpm increments) using human blood (hematocrit 35%). The postcannula pressure was maintained constantly at 60 mm Hg. Real-time pressure and flow data were recorded using a custom-made data acquisition system and Labview software. Results: Under all experimental conditions, pulsatile flow (P) generated significantly greater energy equivalent pressure (EEP), surplus hemodynamic energy (SHE), and total hemodynamic energy (THE) than those of nonpulsatile flow (NP). Under NP, SHE was zero. Higher differential speed values generated greater EEP, SHE, and THE values. There was little variation in the oxygenator pressure drop and the cannula pressure drop in P, compared to NP. Conclusions: The novel Medos Deltastream DP3 diagonal pump is able to generate physiological quality of P, without backflow. With increased differential rpm, the pump generated greater EEP, SHE, and THE. Physiological quality of pulsatility may be associated with better microcirculation because of greater EEP, SHE, and THE.
Model-Based Comparison of the Normal and Fontan Circulatory Systems
Authors: Watrous Raymond L. , Chin Alvin J. 
Published: June 2014

Background: Every year, approximately 1,000 Fontan operations are performed in the United States. Transplant-free, 30-year survival is only 50%. Although some performance characteristics may be universal among Fontan survivors, others may be patient specific and tunable; in either case, a quantitatively rigorous understanding of the Fontan circulatory arrangement would facilitate improvements in patient surveillance and management. Methods: To create a computational model of a normal two-year-old and a two-year-old patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) following staged surgical palliations, we extensively modified the lumped parameter model developed by Clark, a multicompartment model of both pulmonary and systemic circulations. Results: With appropriately scaled parameter values, we achieved a maximum relative error (against target values for clinically realistic hemodynamic variables for the normal two-year-old) of 2.8% and an average relative error of 0.9%. Employing the model of a Fontan operation, we achieved a maximum relative error of 2.0% and the average relative error of 0.8%. Conclusions: Even with >200 model parameters, once we identified an acceptable set of values for the normal, only 12 required modification in order to attain clinically plausible hemodynamics in the HLHS after Fontan. When placed within the broad context of our extensive model, the impact on cardiac output of the resistance of the total cavopulmonary connection is found to be significantly affected by ventricular elastance and to be much lower in the two-year-old than in patients with markedly lower end-diastolic elastance (higher end-diastolic compliance).
The Impact of Differential Case Ascertainment in Clinical Registry Versus Administrative Data on Assessment of Resource Utilization in Pediatric Heart Surgery
Authors: Jantzen David W. , He Xia , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Jacobs Marshall L. , Gaies Michael G. , Hall Matt , Mayer John E. , Shah Samir S. , Hirsch-Romano Jennifer , Gaynor J. William , Peterson Eric D. , Pasquali Sara K. 
Published: June 2014

Background: Resource utilization in congenital heart surgery is typically assessed using administrative data sets. Recent analyses have called into question the accuracy of coding of cases in administrative data; however, it is unclear whether miscoding impacts assessment of associated resource use. Methods: We merged data coded within both an administrative data set and clinical registry on children undergoing heart surgery (2004-2010) at 33 hospitals. The impact of differences in coding of operations between data sets on reporting of postoperative length of stay (PLOS) and total hospital costs associated with these operations was assessed. Results: For each of the eight operations of varying complexity evaluated (total n = 57,797), there were differences in coding between data sets, which translated into differences in the reporting of associated resource utilization for the cases coded in either data set. There were statistically significant differences in PLOS and cost for seven of the eight operations, although most PLOS differences were relatively small with the exception of the Norwood operation and truncus repair (differences of two days, P < .001). For cost, there was a >5% difference for three of the eight operations and >10% difference for truncus repair (US$10,570; P < .01). Grouping of operations into categories of similar risk appeared to mitigate many of these differences. Conclusion: Differences in coding of cases in administrative versus clinical registry data can translate into differences in assessment of associated PLOS and cost for certain operations. This may be minimized through evaluating larger groups of operations when using administrative data or using clinical registry data to accurately identify operations of interest.
A short note on the equivalence between ‘best proximity’ points and ‘fixed point’ results
Authors: Jleli Mohamed , Karapınar Erdal , Samet Bessem 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In this short note, we notice that, unexpectedly, some existing fixed point results and recently announced best proximity point results are equivalent.

MSC:41A65, 90C30, 47H10.
Expansion formulas for an extended Hurwitz-Lerch zeta function obtained via fractional calculus
Authors: Srivastava Hari M , Gaboury Sébastien , Bayad Abdelmejid 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMotivated by the recent investigations of several authors, in this paper, we derive several new expansion formulas involving a generalized Hurwitz-Lerch zeta function introduced and studied recently by Srivastavaet al. (Integral Transforms Spec. Funct. 22:487-506, 2011). These expansions are obtained by using some fractional calculus theorems such as the generalized Leibniz rules for the fractional derivatives and the Taylor-like expansions in terms of different functions. Several (known or new) special cases are also considered.MSC:11M25, 11M35, 26A33, 33C05, 33C60.
Low levels of cerebrospinal fluid complement 3 and factor H predict faster cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Toledo Jon B , Korff Ané , Shaw Leslie M , Trojanowski John Q , Zhang Jing ,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the deposition of tau and amyloid in the brain. Although the core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers amyloid β peptide 1–42 (Aβ1–42), total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181) show good diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, additional biomarkers that can aid in preclinical diagnosis or better track disease progression are needed. Activation of the complement system, a pivotal part of inflammation, occurs at very early stages in the AD brain. Therefore, CSF levels of complement proteins that could be linked to cognitive and structural changes in AD may have diagnostic and prognostic value.

Methods
Using xMAP® technology based assays we measured complement 3 (C3) and factor H (FH) in the CSF of 110 controls (CN), 187 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 92 AD subjects of the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) at baseline. All ADNI participants underwent clinical follow-up at 12 month intervals and MCI subjects had additional visits at 6 and 18 months. The association between CSF biomarkers and different outcome measures were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models (conversion from MCI to AD), logistic regression models (classification of clinical groups) and mixed-effects models adjusted for age, gender, education, t-tau/Aβ1–42 and APOE ϵ4 presence (baseline and longitudinal association between biomarkers and cognitive scores).

Results
Although no association was found between the complement proteins and clinical diagnosis or cognitive measures, lower levels of C3 (β = −0.12, p = 0.041) and FH (β = −0.075, p = 0.041) were associated with faster cognitive decline in MCI subjects as measured by the AD Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) test. Furthermore, lower FH levels were associated with larger lateral ventricular volume (p = 0.024), which is indicative of brain atrophy.

Conclusions
Our study confirms a lack of suitability of CSF C3 and FH as diagnostic biomarkers of AD, but points to their modest potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cognitively impaired patients.
Beta-lactam dosing in critically ill patients with septic shock and continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Ulldemolins Marta , Vaquer Sergi , Llauradó-Serra Mireia , Pontes Caridad , Calvo Gonzalo , Soy Dolors , Martín-Loeches Ignacio 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAlthough early and appropriate antibiotic therapy remains the most important intervention for successful treatment of septic shock, data guiding optimization of beta-lactam prescription in critically ill patients prescribed with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are still limited. Being small hydrophilic molecules, beta-lactams are likely to be cleared by CRRT to a significant extent. As a result, additional variability may be introduced to the per se variable antibiotic concentrations in critically ill patients. This article aims to describe the current clinical scenario for beta-lactam dosing in critically ill patients with septic shock and CRRT, to highlight the sources of variability among the different studies that reduce extrapolation to clinical practice, and to identify the opportunities for future research and improvement in this field. Three frequently prescribed beta-lactams (meropenem, piperacillin and ceftriaxone) were chosen for review. Our findings showed that present dosing recommendations are based on studies with drawbacks limiting their applicability in the clinical setting. In general, current antibiotic dosing regimens for CRRT follow a one-size-fits-all fashion despite emerging clinical data suggesting that drug clearance is partially dependent on CRRT modality and intensity. Moreover, some studies pool data from heterogeneous populations with CRRT that may exhibit different pharmacokinetics (for example, admission diagnoses different to septic shock, such as trauma), which also limit their extrapolation to critically ill patients with septic shock. Finally, there is still no consensus regarding the %T>MIC (percentage of dosing interval when concentration of the antibiotic is above the minimum inhibitory concentration of the pathogen) value that should be chosen as the pharmacodynamic target for antibiotic therapy in patients with septic shock and CRRT. For empirically optimized dosing, during the first day a loading dose is required to compensate the increased volume of distribution, regardless of impaired organ function. An additional loading dose may be required when CRRT is initiated due to steady-state equilibrium breakage driven by clearance variation. From day 2, dosing must be adjusted to CRRT settings and residual renal function. Therapeutic drug monitoring of beta-lactams may be regarded as a useful tool to daily individualize dosing and to ensure optimal antibiotic exposure.
Antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients with septic shock and on continuous renal replacement therapy: can we resolve this problem with pharmacokinetic studies and dosing guidelines?
Authors: Roberts Jason A , Roberts Darren M 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDosing antibiotics in critically ill patients to achieve therapeutic concentrations is a significant challenge. The presence of septic shock and prescription of continuous renal replacement therapy introduces further complexities for the clinician. Unfortunately, this is a dilemma encountered daily by intensivists. Although small pharmacokinetic studies are emerging to provide data to help address this problem, the variability in results from these studies is profound. As such, effective antibiotic dosing guidelines for critically ill patients who have septic shock and who receive continuous renal replacement therapy are not available. Dosing flowcharts and therapeutic drug monitoring represent the best available options for clinicians to optimize antibiotic dosing.
SVA retrotransposon insertion-associated deletion represents a novel mutational mechanism underlying large genomic copy number changes with non-recurrent breakpoints
Authors: Vogt Julia , Bengesser Kathrin , Claes Kathleen BM , Wimmer Katharina , Mautner Victor-Felix , van Minkelen Rick , Legius Eric , Brems Hilde , Upadhyaya Meena , Högel Josef , Lazaro Conxi , Rosenbaum Thorsten , Bammert Simone , Messiaen Ludwine , Cooper David N , Kehrer-Sawatzki Hildegard 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Background
Genomic disorders are caused by copy number changes that may exhibit recurrent breakpoints processed by nonallelic homologous recombination. However, region-specific disease-associated copy number changes have also been observed which exhibit non-recurrent breakpoints. The mechanisms underlying these non-recurrent copy number changes have not yet been fully elucidated.

Results
We analyze large NF1 deletions with non-recurrent breakpoints as a model to investigate the full spectrum of causative mechanisms, and observe that they are mediated by various DNA double strand break repair mechanisms, as well as aberrant replication. Further, two of the 17 NF1 deletions with non-recurrent breakpoints, identified in unrelated patients, occur in association with the concomitant insertion of SINE/variable number of tandem repeats/Alu (SVA) retrotransposons at the deletion breakpoints. The respective breakpoints are refractory to analysis by standard breakpoint-spanning PCRs and are only identified by means of optimized PCR protocols designed to amplify across GC-rich sequences. The SVA elements are integrated within SUZ12P intron 8 in both patients, and were mediated by target-primed reverse transcription of SVA mRNA intermediates derived from retrotranspositionally active source elements. Both SVA insertions occurred during early postzygotic development and are uniquely associated with large deletions of 1 Mb and 867 kb, respectively, at the insertion sites.

Conclusions
Since active SVA elements are abundant in the human genome and the retrotranspositional activity of many SVA source elements is high, SVA insertion-associated large genomic deletions encompassing many hundreds of kilobases could constitute a novel and as yet under-appreciated mechanism underlying large-scale copy number changes in the human genome.
In vitro propagation and analysis of secondary metabolites in Glossogyne tenuifolia (Hsiang-Ju) - a medicinal plant native to Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chia-Chen , Chang Hung-Chi , Kuo Chao-Lin , Agrawal Dinesh Chandra , Wu Chi-Rei , Tsay Hsin-Sheng 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Background

Glossogyne tenuifolia Cassini (Hsiang-Ju in Chinese) is a perennial herb native to Penghu Islands, Taiwan. The herb is a traditional anti-pyretic and hepatoprotective used in Chinese medicine. Several studies on G. tenuifolia have demonstrated its pharmacological values of antioxidation, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, and cytotoxicity on several human cancer cell lines. Active compounds, oleanolic acid and luteolin in G. tenuifolia are affected by several factors, including climatic change, pathogens and agricultural practices. Plant population of G. tenuifolia has been severely affected and reduced considerably in natural habitat due to the use of herbicides by farmers. Also, collection of plant material from the natural habitat is restricted to a few months in a year. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to develop an efficient micropropagation protocol for G. tenuifolia. The study also aimed to investigate the influence of in vitro growth environment on the active compounds in in vitro shoots, tissue culture raised greenhouse plants; compare the values with wild plants and commercially available crude drug.

Results
Half-strength MS (Murashige and Skoog) basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) induced the maximum average number of shoots (7.3) per shoot tip explant excised from in vitro grown seedlings. Induction of rooting in cent percent in vitro shoots with an average number of 6.6 roots/shoot was achieved on ½ strength MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The rooted plantlets acclimatized successfully in the greenhouse with a 100% survival rate. HPLC analysis revealed that the quantity of oleanolic acid and luteolin in in vitro shoots, tissue culture plants in the greenhouse, wild type plants and commercial crude drug varied depending upon the source. The oleanolic acid and luteolin contents were found to be significantly higher (16.89 mg/g and 0.84 mg/g, respectively) in 3-month old tissue culture raised plants in greenhouse compared to commercially available crude drug (6.51 mg/g, 0.13 mg/g, respectively).

Conclusions
We have successfully developed an in vitro propagation protocol for G. tenuifolia which can expedite its plant production throughout the year. The contents of oleanolic acid and luteolin in the tissue culture raised plants in the greenhouse were significantly higher than the marketed crude drug demonstrating the practical application of the tissue culture technology. These findings may be very useful in micropropagation, germplasm conservation and commercial cultivation of G. tenuifolia. So far, there is no published report on tissue culture propagation of this important medicinal plant species.
Graham Priest, “One: Being an Investigation into the Unity of Reality and of its Parts, including the Singular Object which is Nothingness”, Oxford University Press, 2014
Authors: Casati Filippo , Fujikawa Naoya 
Published: June 2014

Graham Priest, One: Being an Investigation into the Unity of Reality and of its Parts, including the Singular Object which is Nothingness, Oxford University Press, 2014, 272 pp., ISBN 9780199688258
The Fresh Start Effect: Temporal Landmarks Motivate Aspirational Behavior
Authors: Dai Hengchen , Milkman Katherine L. , Riis Jason 
Published: June 2014

The popularity of New Year's resolutions suggests that people are more likely to tackle their goals immediately following salient temporal landmarks. If true, this little-researched phenomenon has the potential to help people overcome important willpower problems that often limit goal attainment. Across three archival field studies, we provide evidence of a “fresh start effect.” We show that Google searches for the term “diet” (Study 1), gym visits (Study 2), and commitments to pursue goals (Study 3) all increase following temporal landmarks (e.g., the outset of a new week, month, year, or semester; a birthday; a holiday). We propose that these landmarks demarcate the passage of time, creating many new mental accounting periods each year, which relegate past imperfections to a previous period, induce people to take a big-picture view of their lives, and thus motivate aspirational behaviors. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1901 . This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
Latent Homophily or Social Influence? An Empirical Analysis of Purchase Within a Social Network
Authors: Ma Liye , Krishnan Ramayya , Montgomery Alan L. 
Published: June 2014

Consumers who are close to one another in a social network often make similar purchase decisions. This similarity can result from latent homophily or social influence, as well as common exogenous factors. Latent homophily means consumers who are connected to one another are likely to have similar characteristics and product preferences. Social influence refers to the ability of one consumer to directly influence another consumer's decision based upon their communication. We present an empirical study of purchases of caller ring-back tones using data from an Asian mobile network that predicts consumers' purchase timing and choice decisions. We simultaneously measure latent homophily and social influence, while also accounting for exogenous factors. Identification is achieved due to our dynamic, panel data structure and the availability of detailed communication data. We find strong influence effects and latent homophily effects in both the purchase timing and product choice decisions of consumers.This paper was accepted by Sandra Slaughter, information systems.
On the History of Unified Field Theories. Part II. (ca. 1930–ca. 1965)
Authors: Goenner Hubert F. M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe present review intends to provide an overall picture of the research concerning classical unified field theory, worldwide, in the decades between the mid-1930 and mid-1960. Main themes are the conceptual and methodical development of the field, the interaction among the scientists working in it, their opinions and interpretations. Next to the most prominent players, A. Einstein and E. Schrödinger, V. Hlavatý and the French groups around A. Lichnerowicz, M.-A. Tonnelat, and Y. Thiry are presented. It is shown that they have given contributions of comparable importance. The review also includes a few sections on the fringes of the central topic like Born-Infeld electromagnetic theory or scalar-tensor theory. Some comments on the structure and organization of research-groups are also made.