bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular matrix in obesity – cancer interactions
Authors: Barreto Stephany C. , Hopkins Christina A. , Bhowmick Meghnad , Ray Amitabha 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Obesity or overweight is a risk factor for several health disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. Furthermore, obesity affects almost all body systems including the extracellular matrix (ECM) by generating a pro-inflammatory environment, which are associated with abnormal secretions of several cytokines or hormonal substances, for example, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), leptin, and sex hormones. These chemical mediators most likely have a great impact on the ECM. Accumulating evidence suggests that both obesity and ECM can influence tumor growth and progression through a number of chemical mediators. Conversely, cells in the connective tissue, namely fibroblasts and macrophages, support and aggravate the inflammatory situation in obesity by releasing several cytokines or growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). A wide range of functions are performed by TGF-β in normal health and pathological conditions including tumorigenesis. Breast cancer in postmenopausal women is a classic example of obesity-related cancer wherein several of these conditions, for example, higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, impairment in the regulation of estrogen and growth factors, and dysregulation of different ECM components may favor the neoplastic process. Aberrant expressions of ECM components such as matrix metalloproteinases or matricellular proteins in both obesity and cancer have been reported by many studies. Nonstructural matricellular proteins, viz., thrombospondins, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), and Cyr61-CTGF-Nov (CCN), which function as modulators of cell-ECM interactions, exhibit protean behavior in cancer. Precise understanding of ECM biology can provide potential therapeutic targets to combat obesity-related pathologies.
The direct and indirect effects of corticosterone and primary adipose tissue on MCF7 breast cancer cell cycle progression
Authors: Shpilberg Yaniv , Connor Michael K. , Riddell Michael C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Glucocorticoids (GCs) have the potential to directly affect breast cancer or indirectly via changes to the tumor growth microenvironment a breast cancer is exposed to. The role of GCs in breast cancer progression by direct and indirect means are not fully understood.

Aim: To study the direct and indirect effects of GCs on breast cancer cell cycle regulation.

Methods: MCF7 breast cancer cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of corticosterone (CORT) to investigate the direct effects. In addition, MCF7 cells were cultured in conditioned media (CM) from primary adipose tissue excised from CORT-supplemented lean and obese male rats.

Results: CORT alone resulted in dose-dependent increases in p27 and hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (Rb) which was accompanied by a reduction in the number of cells in S-phase. CM prepared from adipose tissue overrode these direct CORT effects, suggesting that the tumor growth microenvironment created in the CM dominates MCF7 cell cycle regulation.

Conclusions: The direct inhibitory effects of CORT on cancer cell cycle progression are largely limited by the hormone’s effects on adipose tissue biology.
Obesity and hypogonadism are associated with an increased risk of predominant Gleason 4 pattern on radical prostatectomy specimen
Authors: Neuzillet Yann , Raynaud Jean-Pierre , Lebret Thierry , Pichon Audrey , Radulescu Camelia , Molinie Vincent , Botto Henry 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Purpose: To compare histological features of prostate cancer according to both obesity, defined by a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2, and androgenic status in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy.

Materials and methods: Between March 2007 and September 2013, clinical, pathological and biological data were prospectively collected for patients referred for radical prostatectomy in a single European center. Preoperative total testosterone (TT) and bioavailable testosterone (bioT) serum determinations were performed. The threshold for hypogonadism was set at TT <3 ng/mL. The preoperative PSA value was registered. Gleason score (GS) and predominant Gleason pattern (PrdGP) were determined in prostate tissue specimens, and crosschecked by two uro-pathologists. Statistical analyzes were done for PrdGP4 risk assessment.

Results: A total of 937 consecutive patients were included. One hundred and thirty-five filled the criterion for obesity (14.4%), out of which 42 had TT <3 ng/mL (31.1%), while in non-obese patients, only 97 had TT <3 ng/mL (12.0%). In prostate specimens, mean GS was 6.8±0.5: 291 patients (31.1%) had a PrdGP4. The incidence of PrdGP4 was higher (p<0.001) in the 135 obese patients [50% when hypogonadal (p<0.02) or 42% when eugonadal (p<0.005)] than in non-obese patients (28.9% and 27.1%, respectively). In multivariable analyzis for PrdGP4 risk, obesity, TT <3 ng/mL, PSA, and age were independent risk factors.

Conclusions: Both obesity and hypogonadism are independent risk factors for PrdGP4 in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and should be taken into account in localized prostate cancer management, to improve the therapeutic choice, especially when prostate sparing approach is considered.
Impact of school participation on quality of life of Brazilian children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Presumido Braccialli Lígia Maria , Silva Michelle Zampar , Braccialli Ana Carla , Sankako Andréia Naomi , de Cássia Tibério Araújo Rita 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe study aimed to analyze the impact of school participation on quality of life of Brazilian children with cerebral palsy. Participants of the study were primary caregivers of children with CP: 39 caregivers of children not attending regular or special school and 74 caregivers of children attending regular or special school. Children with CP, including males and females, were between 4 and 12 years old. Data collection was carried out through individual interviews and application of the questionnaire Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life Questionnaire for Children CP QOL-Child (4–12 years). There was a significant difference in quality of life between the group of children attending school and the group not attending school for the Functioning Domains (p=0.0014), participation and physical health (p=0.0277) and emotional well-being (p=0.05). The worst score was obtained for the pain and impact of disability domain and impact of disability for both groups. We also found significant difference in the distribution of quality of life between genders. The results indicated that the opportunity to experience school has a positive impact on the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy in relation to functioning, participation and physical health and emotional well-being, regardless of gender and age.
Energy Reform in ASEAN: Balancing Political, Economic, and Scientific Objectives
Authors: Kampan Palapan , Tanielian Adam 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This article focuses on the past, present, and future of environments in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as the region moves toward the 2015 launch of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). Policies and data are compared between the ten nations in the group and with others such as the United States, Australia, and European Union (EU) members. Opportunities to promote and support expansion of renewable energies are explored alongside factors constraining green growth initiatives. Climate science and statistical analyses are used to bolster recommendations in favor of implementation of new environmental legislation such as a regional cap-and-trade mechanism and carbon tax. A holistic approach to environmental protectionism is proposed in consideration of conflicting economic and scientific interests, which have resulted in poor enforcement of existing regulations.
Distribution pattern of epiphytic microcrustaceans in relation to different macrophyte microhabitats in a shallow wetland (Upo wetlands, South Korea)
Authors: Choi Jong-Yun , Kim Seong-Ki , Jeong Kwang-Seuk , Joo Gea-Jae 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Macrophytes determine the physical complexity of aquatic environments and provide a suitable habitat for colonization by microcrustaceans. We evaluated the effects of a seasonal growth pattern and structure of macrophyte species on epiphytic microcrustaceans collected from macrophyte surfaces (stems and leaves) in shallow wetlands from May 2011 to October 2012. In 2011, epiphytic microcrustaceans that preferred free-floating macrophytes (Spirodela polyrhiza and Salvinia natans) and submerged macrophytes (Potamogeton crispus and Ceratophyllum demersum) were affected by the seasonal growth of these species. Epiphytic microcrustaceans were abundant on the surface of Spirodela polyrhiza in June and August and on Salvinia natans in September and October. In 2012, epiphytic microcrustaceans preferred submerged macrophyte species over the free-floating ones. The results of stable isotope analysis showed that epiphytic microcrustaceans depend on epiphytic particulate organic matter (EPOM) from each macrophyte species rather than on suspended particulate organic matter. Small species (Coronatella rectangula, Pleuroxus laevis, and Chydorus sphaericus) used EPOM (dominated by epiphytic algae) on free-floating and submerged macrophyte species; however, relatively larger species (Ilyocryptus spinifer and Macrothrix rosea) used EPOM only from submerged macrophytes. Based on these findings, we conclude that the distribution of epiphytic microcrustaceans is determined by seasonal characteristics, morphology of macrophyte species, and abundance of food resources.
Winter bloom of some motile phytoplankton under ice cover in a mesotrophic lake: vertical distribution and environmental factors
Authors: Lenard Tomasz 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The research was carried out in mesotrophic Lake Krasne during winter with thick ice/snow cover. Water samples for biological and physicochemical analyses were collected vertically from the water column. Several phytoplankton groups were identified during the study, however, only two main groups of motile phytoplankton, Cyanophyceae (the dominant species − Planktothrix rubescens) and Cryptophyceae (Cryptomonas spp. and Plagioselmis nannoplanctica), were analyzed in the gradient of nutrients, light and thermal conditions. In the studied water column, values of physicochemical parameters did not vary in a wide range. Nevertheless, high discrepancies were noted in the values of phytoplankton biomass and the concentration of chlorophyll-a which had shallower maxima and deeper minima. Statistically significant relationships were found between the biomass of two main phytoplankton groups, light conditions (PAR) and depth, however, no significant relationships were found between the biomass, biogenic compounds and water temperature. The studies showed that in the winter season with ice/snow cover, cryptomonads and Planktothrix rubescens occupied different ecological niches and the main factor determining their distribution were light conditions. The ice/snow cover probably plays an important role in protection of P. rubescens winter filaments against photoinhibition.
Plasmon-enhanced light energy conversion using gold nanostructured oxide semiconductor photoelectrodes
Authors: Ueno Kosei , Oshikiri Tomoya , Murakoshi Kei , Inoue Haruo , Misawa Hiroaki 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We have successfully demonstrated plasmon-enhanced photocurrent generation using gold nanoparticle-loaded titanium dioxide single-crystal (TiO2) photoelectrodes with visible-light irradiation. Water molecules serve as an electron source in photocurrent generation, and oxygen evolution occurs due to water oxidation from a gold nanostructured TiO2 photoelectrode as a half reaction of water splitting. On the basis of this property, the photocurrent generation system was applied to the plasmon-induced water-splitting system using both sides of the same strontium titanate (SrTiO3) single-crystal substrate without an electrochemical apparatus. The chamber on the side of the gold nanoparticles was the anode side, whereas the chamber on the side of the platinum plate was the cathode side. Platinum was used as a co-catalyst for hydrogen evolution. Hydrogen and oxygen were separately evolved from the anode and cathode chambers, respectively. Water splitting was induced with a relatively low chemical bias of 0.23 V due to plasmonic effects based on efficient water oxidation. Similar to the artificial photosynthesis system, we have also demonstrated ammonia formation via nitrogen fixation using ruthenium as a co-catalyst via an analogous setup of the water-splitting system.
Semisynthesis and insecticidal activity of arylmethylamine derivatives of the neolignan honokiol against Mythimna separata Walker
Authors: Yang Chun , Zhi Xiaoyan , Xu Hui 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A series of novel arylmethylamine derivatives of honokiol (5a-m) was prepared. Their insecticidal activity was tested against the pre-third-instar larvae of the oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata Walker), a typical lepidopteran pest. Compounds 5a, 5b, 5e, 5h, and 5k exhibited insecticidal activity equal to, or higher than, that of the positive control toosendanin.
Dynamics of alkylresorcinols during rye caryopsis germination and early seedling growth
Authors: Magnucka Elżbieta G. , Pietr Stanisław J. , Zarnowski Robert 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Among secondary metabolites, alkylresorcinols are considered particularly important for the antimicrobial defense system in cereal grains. Dry rye caryopses and young seedlings contain detectable quantities of resorcinolic lipids. Overall, 11 distinct alkylresorcinol homologues were identified, which showed variable profiles during rye germination and early seedling development, especially with reference to the production of very long homologues and to side chain saturation. Additionally, changes in the alkylresorcinol composition during rye seedling growth are presented for the first time.
New nitrogenous compounds from a Red Sea sponge from the Gulf of Aqaba
Authors: AlTarabeen Mousa , Hassan Aly Amal , Perez Hemphill Catalina Francis , Rasheed Mohammed , Wray Victor , Proksch Peter 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Chemical investigation of an unknown marine sponge, which was collected in the Gulf of Aqaba (Jordan), afforded a new brominated alkaloid 3-amino-1-(2-amino-4-bromophenyl)propan-1-one (1), as well as 7-bromoquinolin-4(1H)-one (2) which had previously only been reported as a synthetic compound. In addition, caulerpin (6), previously only known to be produced by algae, was likewise isolated. Furthermore, three known alkaloids including (Z)-5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-hydantoin, (Z)-6-bromo-3′-deimino-2′,4′-bis(demethyl)-3′-oxoaplysinopsin, and 6-bromoindole-3-carbaldehyde (3–5), were also obtained. All compounds were unambiguously elucidated based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, LCMS, as well as by comparison with the literature and tested for their cytotoxic activity toward the mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y.
Bioactive compounds isolated from submerged fermentations of the Chilean fungusStereum rameale
Authors: Aqueveque Pedro , Céspedes Carlos Leonardo , Becerra José , Dávila Marcelo , Sterner Olov 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLiquid fermentations of the fungusStereum rameale(N° 2511) yielded extracts with antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity reached its peak after 216 h of stirring. Bioassay-guided fractionation methods were employed for the isolation of the bioactive metabolites. Three known compounds were identified: MS-3 (1), vibralactone (2) and vibralactone B (3). The three compounds showed antibacterial activity as a function of their concentration. Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of compound1against Gram-positive bacteria were as follows:Bacillus cereus(50 μg/mL),Bacillus subtilis(10 μg/mL) andStaphylococcus aureus(100 μg/mL). Compounds2and3were active only against Gram-negative bacteria. The MBC of compound2againstEscherichia coliwas 200 μg/mL. Compound3inhibited significantly the growth ofE. coliandPseudomonas aeruginosa, with MBC values of 50 and 100 μg/mL, respectively.
Laboratory Test for Evaluating Crack Filling During Internal Erosion in Zoned Dams
Authors: Correia dos Santos Ricardo Neves , Caldeira Laura Maria Mello Saraiva , Maranha das Neves Emanuel 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A new laboratory test, the crack-filling erosion test (CFET), was developed to study crack filling during the progression of internal erosion in the embankment of zoned dams. Crack filling involves the transport of eroded material from an upstream zone, through a flaw in the core, which is then retained by a downstream granular layer. In the CFET, the specimen comprises a core, an upstream shell material, and a downstream filter layer. These are compacted inside a test apparatus made up of several pieces. The specimen is subjected to water flow through a predrilled hole in the core to simulate a concentrated leak. Seven granular upstream materials, two core soils, and two granular filters are examined. Following an extensive testing program, experimental observations and physical descriptions are presented. Three main types of pattern behaviors are identified: rapid crack filling with almost “no erosion” of the core; filtering after “some erosion” or “excessive erosion” of the core and/or upstream material; and “continuing erosion” of the core and upstream material. When the core has moderate-to-high resistance to erosion, crack filling is mainly governed by grading properties of the upstream zone and of the filter. Crack filling is more likely to occur the finer the filter layer, the higher the fine-sand content of the upstream soil, and the lower the fines content of the upstream soil. Test results are checked against the subjective guidelines on crack-filling action available in the literature.
Genome Assembly Improvement and Mapping Convergently Evolved Skeletal Traits in Sticklebacks with Genotyping-by-Sequencing
Authors: Glazer Andrew M , Killingbeck Emily E , Mitros Therese , Rokhsar Daniel S , Miller Craig T 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMarine populations of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) have repeatedly colonized and rapidly adapted to freshwater habitats, providing a powerful system to map the genetic architecture of evolved traits. Here, we developed and applied a binned genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) method to build dense genome-wide linkage maps of sticklebacks using two large marine by freshwater F2 crosses of more than 350 fish each. The resulting linkage maps significantly improve the genome assembly by anchoring 78 new scaffolds to chromosomes, reorienting 40 scaffolds, and rearranging scaffolds in 4 locations. In the revised genome assembly, 94.6% of the assembly was anchored to a chromosome. To assess linkage map quality, we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling lateral plate number, which mapped as expected to a 200-kb genomic region containing Ectodysplasin, as well as a chromosome 7 QTL overlapping a previously identified modifier QTL. Finally, we mapped eight QTL controlling convergently evolved reductions in gill raker length in the two crosses, which revealed that this classic adaptive trait has a surprisingly modular and nonparallel genetic basis.
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Caenorhabditis elegans: Evaluation of Templates for Homology-Mediated Repair and Knock-Ins by Homology-Independent DNA Repair
Authors: Katic Iskra , Xu Lan , Ciosk Rafal 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Precise genome editing by the Cas9 nuclease depends on exogenously provided templates for homologous recombination. Here, we compare oligonucleotides with short homology and circular DNA molecules with extensive homology to genomic targets as templates for homology-based repair of CRISPR/Cas9 induced double-strand breaks. We find oligonucleotides to be templates of choice for introducing small sequence changes into the genome based on editing efficiency and ease of use. We show that polarity of oligonucleotide templates greatly affects repair efficiency: oligonucleotides in the sense orientation with respect to the target gene are better templates. In addition, combining a gene loss-of-function phenotype screen with detection of integrated fluorescent markers, we demonstrate that targeted knock-ins in Caenorhabditis elegans also can be achieved by homology-independent repair.
Control of mRNA Stability in Fungi by NMD, EJC and CBC Factors Through 3′UTR Introns
Authors: Zhang Ying , Sachs Matthew S 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In higher eukaryotes the accelerated degradation of mRNAs harboring premature termination codons is controlled by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), exon junction complex (EJC), and nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC) factors, but the mechanistic basis for this quality-control system and the specific roles of the individual factors remain unclear. Using Neurospora crassa as a model system, we analyzed the mechanisms by which NMD is induced by spliced 3′-UTR introns or upstream open reading frames and observed that the former requires NMD, EJC, and CBC factors whereas the latter requires only the NMD factors. The transcripts for EJC components eIF4A3 and Y14, and translation termination factor eRF1, contain spliced 3′-UTR introns and each was stabilized in NMD, EJC, and CBC mutants. Reporter mRNAs containing spliced 3′-UTR introns, but not matched intronless controls, were stabilized in these mutants and were enriched in mRNPs immunopurified from wild-type cells with antibody directed against human Y14, demonstrating a direct role for spliced 3′-UTR introns in triggering EJC-mediated NMD. These results demonstrate conclusively that NMD, EJC, and CBC factors have essential roles in controlling mRNA stability and that, based on differential requirements for these factors, there are branched mechanisms for NMD. They demonstrate for the first time autoregulatory control of expression at the level of mRNA stability through the EJC/CBC branch of NMD for EJC core components, eIF4A3 and Y14, and for eRF1, which recognizes termination codons. Finally, these results show that EJC-mediated NMD occurs in fungi and thus is an evolutionarily conserved quality-control mechanism.
Política, alegoría y disenso en la poética de Edgardo Antonio Vigo (1960 - 1976)
Authors: Bugnone Ana 
Published: June 2015

En este trabajo se analizan algunas obras creadas por el neovanguardista argentino Edgardo Antonio Vigo entre 1960 y 1976, desde una perspectiva que relaciona su producción artística con la teoría de Walter Benjamin -en especial, el concepto de alegoría- y la de Jacques Rancière referida a la idea de régimen estético del arte. Del análisis de poesías visuales, acciones y objetos de Vigo surge una fuerte vinculación entre arte y política, más que por la tematización de esta última por la forma que presentan y la reacción que provocan. Como en la alegoría de Benjamin, estas obras rompen con la idea de universal explicativo a través de su factura con fragmentos. Asimismo, su carácter de disenso se evidencia a través del cuestionamiento a las formas habituales y consensuadas del orden social, así como al lenguaje artístico tradicional. Resulta así una compleja combinación de elementos que permiten analizar parte de su poética, haciendo hincapié en su aspecto político.