bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation and evaluation of adverse drug reaction monitoring system in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Mumbai, India
Authors: Patidar Dindayal , Rajput Mithun S. , Nirmal Nilesh P. , Savitri Wenny 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, often identified only post-marketingly. Improvement in current ADR reporting, including utility of underused or innovative methods, is crucial to improve patient safety and public health. Hospital-based monitoring is one of the methods used to collect data about drug prescriptions and adverse events. The aims of this study were to identify the most frequent ADRs recognized by the attending physicians, study their nature, and to target these ADRs in order to take future preventive measures. A prospective study was conducted over a 7-month period in an internal medicine department using stimulated spontaneous reporting for identifying ADRs. Out of the 254 admissions, 32 ADRs in 37 patients (14.56%) were validated from the total of 36 suspected ADRs in 41 patients. Female predominance was noted over males in case of ADRs. Fifty percent of total ADRs occurred due to multiple drug therapy. Dermatological ADRs were found to be the most frequent (68.75%), followed by respiratory, central nervous system and gastrointestinal ADRs. The drugs most frequently involved were antibiotics, antitubercular agents, antigout agents, and NSAIDs. The most commonly reported reactions were itching and rashes. Out of the 32 reported ADRs, 50% of the reactions were probable, 46.87% of the reactions were possible and 3.12% of the reactions were definite. The severity assessment done by using the Hartwig and Seigel scale indicated that the majority of ADRs were ‘Mild’ followed by ‘Moderate’ and ‘Severe’ reactions, respectively. Out of all, 75% of ADRs were recovered. The most potent management of ADRs was found to be drug withdrawal. Our study indicated that hospital based monitoring was a good method to detect links between drug exposure and adverse drug reactions. Adequate training regarding pharmacology and optimization of drug therapy might be helpful to reduce ADR morbidity and mortality.
Gibberellic Acid Effect on Growth and Flowering of Ajania Pacifica /Nakai/ Bremer et Humphries
Authors: Zalewska Małgorzata , Antkowiak Małgorzata 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The research addressed the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) on growth and flowering of Ajania pacifica /Nakai/ Bremer et Humphries ‘Bea’. The vegetative growth lasted for 8 weeks in glasshouse, under natural long day and from August 15 - under natural short day. The plants were divided into four groups: 1 - the plants sprayed with distilled water (control combination); 2, 3 and 4 - the plants sprayed with GA3 ones, twice and thrice, respectively, starting from the 5th week of growth, and then in the 6th and 7th week, successively. Each of the group was divided into two subgroups: the first one treated with GA3 at concentration of 250 mg·dm-3 and the second with 500 mg·dm-3. It was observed that double spraying with GA3 accelerated the buds development of Ajania pacifica, thus shortened the cultivation time by about two days. Treatment with GA3 at concentration 500 mg·dm-3 stimulated the elongation of shoots more than treatment with GA3 at 250 mg·dm-3. The plants sprayed twice were longer than the control and then those sprayed one time. However, elongation of shoots was not remarkable; corymbs were shorter, narrower, and contained lesser number of inflorescences. The present study indicates the specificity of the response of Ajania pacifica to GA3 treatment, which appears to be different from other ornamental species.
Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Several Plum (Prunus Domestica L.) Cultivars to Plum Pox Virus (Ppv) Infection in the Field. Sharka-Like Symptoms Observed on 'Jojo' Fruit are Not Related to PPV
Authors: Malinowski Tadeusz , Rozpara Elżbieta , Grzyb Zygmunt S. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Susceptibility of plum cultivars: 'Katinka', 'Jubileum', 'Diana', 'Valjevka', 'Żółta Afaska', 'Elena', 'Jojo', 'President', 'Vision', and 'Węgierka Zwykła' (Pozegaca type, included as reference, highly susceptible cultivar) to aphid-vectored Plum pox virus (strain D), was evaluated. The trees were grown for 7-8 years in the field characterized with high infection pressure. 'Katinka' and 'President' showed susceptibility even higher than 'Węgierka Zwykła'. 'Vision' and 'Valjevka' showed relatively low susceptibility with less than 30% of trees becoming infected. All 'Jojo' trees remained free from ELISA-detectable amounts of PPV, although a high percentage of the fruit of this cultivar showed sharka-like symptoms on stones and fruit flesh. The reason for that phenomenon is not known.
Genetic Variability, Inheritance and Correlation for Mineral Contents in Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata L.)
Authors: Singh B.K. , Sharma S.R. , Singh B. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Brassica vegetables are important sources of dietary minerals. However, information on the inheritance and correlation for content of mineral elements such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese, potassium, and calcium in cabbage, which is essential if the quality of this vegetable is to be improved through breeding, is not available. Therefore, the experiment was set up with seventy-one cabbage genotypes including cultivars, germplasm and F1 hybrids grown in field. Mineral composition of the genotypes tested differed highly significantly indicating the presence of adequate amount of variability. A high heritability (>80%) accompanied by high genetic advance as percentage of mean (>40%) for uptake and accumulation of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Ca indicates the predominance of additive gene, which could be improved by hybridization followed by selection breeding approach. Nevertheless, heterosis breeding would be an imperative in increasing the K content in cabbage heads as indicated by non-additive gene action for K accumulation having high heritability (>80%) and low genetic advance as percentage of mean (<30%). Moreover, both additive and non-additive genes were responsible for individual head weight. A positive correlation for Fe, Zn and Mn contents with other minerals will help in simultaneous selection of mineral elements. Nevertheless, major yield contributing ‘head weight’ was negatively correlated with minerals content and emphasized the selection of smaller head size to maintain the higher minerals content in tissues of cabbage heads. Hence, assessing the heritability, inheritance and correlation for minerals would be useful in the developing mineral-rich and productive genotypes.
Comparison of Yield and Quality of Red Beet Roots Cultivated Using Conventional, Integrated and Organic Method
Authors: Szopińska Anna A. , Gawęda Maria 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The experiment on different means of cultivation of red beet cv. ‘Regulski Cylinder’ was conducted in the years 2006-2009, using conventional, integrated, and organic methods. The greatest impact on total and commercial yield, the average root weight, dry weight and chemical constituents’ content in the roots had the season. In the years 2006 and 2008, the highest total and marketable yields of beet roots were obtained by organic method, but in 2009 these parameters were the lowest in organically produced plants. Total yield was correlated with mean root weight. In the years 2006 and 2008, betanine content was the lowest in organically produced roots while in the year 2009 it was the highest. The low yield of marketable roots and the low nitrates’ content were the only two parameters, which distinguished organically produced red beet roots throughout the years of experiment.
The influence of habitat conditions on the plankton in the Białe oxbow lake (Nadbużański Landscape Park)
Authors: Pasztaleniec Agnieszka , Karpowicz Maciej , Strzałek Małgorzata 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe spatial differentiation of the physico-chemical parameters (KdPAR, pH, DOC, nutrient concentrations) and plankton communities (phytoplankton, Crustacea) was considered in the system: the water column without macrophytes, pleustophytes - lemnids (duckweeds) and hornwort Ceratophyllum demersum. It was demonstrated that at the study sites different habitat conditions occurred, which were related to the macrophyte assemblages. The highest values of the phytoplankton biomass and the greatest algal biodiversity were found in the site without vegetation, in both species-specific and functional terms. Zooplankton, dominated by Copepoda, reached the greatest density and species diversity at the Ceratophyllum site. Despite the substantial differentiation of habitats, the plankton diversity was quite low.
Hydromorphological assessment of the anastomosing section of the Narew River after restoration
Authors: Zieliński Piotr , Suchowolec Tomasz 
Published: July 2013

AbstractFive parallel channels of the Narew River (NE Poland) were hydromorphologically assessed with the River Habitat Survey (RHS) method. Four out of the five studied channels were partly separated from the functioning system of the anastomosing river by a dike for more than 20 years, and were subjected to gradual overgrowing and shallowing. In the 1990’s and in 2002, a number of renaturisation measures were implemented, restoring sufficient discharge for the channels to make them active again. The Habitat Modification Score (HMS) obtained as a result of the survey only classifies the fragment ecologically to the third class of streams with high HMS value in the case of the current main channel of the Narew River (largely formed in an artificial manner). This suggests substantial anthropogenic changes in the river channel and its vicinity. The aggregate values of the Habitat Quality Assessment (HQA) index suggest the preservation of numerous environmentally valuable elements at all of the five studied sites of the anastomosing Narew River system. This even concerns channels which remained almost separated and functioned as oxbow lakes for more than 20 years. The highest HQA values were recorded in the case of the channel constituting the main channel before the regulation, and a neighbouring regulated channel currently fulfilling the function of the main water course in this cross-section. In spite of long-term negative changes, the studied fragment of the ecosystem of the anastomosing river is distinguished by high resistance to “anthropogenic stress”, and high capacity for spontaneous restoration of a state close to the natural one. Although lotic ecosystems constitute elements of the natural environment particularly sensitive to anthropopressure, they retain the ability to regenerate for a long time, under the condition of providing them with relevant hydrological and ecological conditions.
Reality Television for Community Development
Authors: Ramafoko Lebo , Andersson Gavin , Weiner Renay 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Kwanda was an innovative community development initiative of the Soul City Institute and partners. Five deprived communities were challenged to make their areas `look better, feel better and work better’ by addressing health and development issues. Responses to this challenge were documented in a 13-episode reality TV series that culminated in a viewer vote for the most successful community. The series attracted more than a million viewers on late-night television, and feedback indicated that many viewers were motivated to take action. The evaluation of the initiative led to the conclusion that Kwanda offers possibilities for using the reality TV format to foster community development and the scaling-up of development messaging. Importantly, Kwanda demonstrated that when communities organise on their own behalf, government is better able to deliver. The evaluation also raised several questions for the Kwanda partners which would need to be taken into account in future efforts.
Through Rose or Blue and White Glasses?
Authors: Lounasmeri Lotta 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The Finnish public discussion culture has often been criticized of being unanimous and consensual. In different times political journalism has treated foreign and home affairs as well as economic policy with care. In the present article, attention is paid to Finnish foreign reporting about the Soviet Union during the last decades of its existence. The empirical material used consists of media texts on major events during the Soviet era as well as interviews with key editors-in-chief at the time. The objective is to describe and analyze the ways in which critical reporting was carried out in different Finnish newspapers and the reasons behind this.
Coopetition in international maritime shipping
Authors: Lin Dung-Ying , Huang Chien-Chih 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The increasingly competitive nature of maritime freight transport has stimulated carriers to improve efficiency and lower costs. The industry has gradually matured, and it has recently become the case that the larger a carrier is, the more competitive advantage it has. Therefore, carriers form strategic alliances to collaborate with each other so that they can reduce their operational costs due to economies of scale. At the same time, such alliances allow carriers to improve the quality of their service by increasing their network coverage. Although carriers collaborate to improve their operational efficiency, they compete with each other simultaneously. In other words, a game of coopetition among carriers has developed in international maritime freight transport in recent years. In this study, we propose a theoretical framework for characterizing coopetition in international maritime shipping and investigating how carriers can manage their business models. Empirical studies, together with salient analytical results, are presented and discussed.
Intrathoracic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: imaging features and implications for management
Authors: Kamran Sophia Constance , Shinagare Atul Bhanudas , Holler Howard Stephanie Anne , Nishino Mizuki , Hornick Jason Laurence , Krajewski Katherine Margaret , Ramaiya Nikhil Himmatsinh 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Background. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics of primary intrathoracic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs).
Patients and methods. In this institutional review board (IRB)-approved retrospective study, clinical and imaging features of 15 patients (eight men; mean age 50 years [range 18-83)] with pathologically proven malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors seen from January 1999 to December 2011 were analyzed. Imaging features (CT in 15, MRI in 5 and PET/CT in 4) of primary tumors were evaluated by three radiologists and correlated with clinical management.
Results. Of the 15 tumors, six were located in the mediastinum (two each in anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum), four in chest wall, two were paraspinal, and three in the lung. Four patients had neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1); four tumors had heterologous rhabdomyoblastic differentiation (malignant triton tumor). Masses typically were elongated along the direction of nerves, with mean size of 11 cm. The masses were hypo- or isodense to muscles on CT, isointense on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images and intensely fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avid (mean standardized uptake value [SUV]max of 10.5 [range 4.4-23.6]). Necrosis and calcification was seen in four tumors each. Finding of invasion of adjacent structures on imaging led to change in management in seven patients; patients with invasion received chemoradiation.
Conclusions. Intrathoracic MPNSTs appear as large elongated masses involving mediastinum, lung or chest wall. Radiological identification of invasion of adjacent structures is crucial and alters therapy, with patients with invasion receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemoradiation.
Biological evaluation of transdichloridoplatinum( II) complexes with 3- and 4-acetylpyridine in comparison to cisplatin
Authors: Filipovic Lana , Arandelovic Sandra , Gligorijevic Nevenka , Krivokuca Ana , Jankovic Radmila , Srdic-Rajic Tatjana , Rakic Gordana , Tesic Zivoslav , Radulovic Sinisa 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Background. In our previous study we reported the synthesis and cytotoxicity of two trans-platinum(II) complexes: trans-[PtCl2(3-acetylpyridine)2] (1) and trans-[PtCl2(4-acetylpyridine)2] (2), revealing significant cytotoxic potential of 2. In order to evaluate the mechanism underlying biological activity of both trans-Pt(II) isomers, comparative studies versus cisplatin were performed in HeLa, MRC-5 and MS1 cells.
Materials and methods. The cytotoxic activity of the investigated complexes was determined using SRB assay. The colagenolytic activity was determined using gelatin zymography, while the effect of platinum complexes on matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 mRNA expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Apoptotic potential and cell cycle alterations were determined by FACS analyses. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the effect on expression of DNA-repair enzyme ERCC1, and quantitative real-time PCR was used for the ERCC1 mRNA expression analysis. In vitro antiangiogenic potential was determined by tube formation assay. Platinum content in intracellular DNA and proteins was determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry.
Results. Compound 2 displayed an apparent cytoselective profile, and flow cytometry analysis in HeLa cells indicated that 2 exerted antiproliferative effect through apoptosis induction, while 1 induced both apoptosis and necrosis. Action of 1 and 2, as analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot, was associated with down-regulation of ERCC1. Both trans-complexes inhibited MMP-9 mRNA expression in HeLa, while 2 significantly abrogated in vitro tubulogenesis in MS1 cells. Conclusions. The ability of 2 to induce multiple and selective in vitro cytotoxic effects encourages further investigations of trans-platinum(II) complexes with substituted pyridines.
Reactivity of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag
Authors: Behim Mourd , Beddar Miloud , Clastres Pierre 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The Algerian iron and steel complex of El Hadjar, near the city of Annaba, produces a granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) mainly used by the local cement factories as an addition to clinker of up to 30 % as maximum content, for manufacturing a compound CEM II type cement (Algerian Standard).
With the aim, on the one hand, of limiting the use of high clinker content in Algerian cement plants and replacing it with other constituents such as granulated blast furnace slag and, on the other hand, to use this slag as an addition to local concrete, we have attempted to characterize it according to its degree of reactivity.
The use of chemical activity indexes and caustic soda tests lead to disappointing results that are contradicted by the results obtained on mortar within the scope of the standard determination of a hydraulic efficient index. The results obtained indicated that the classification of El Hadjer slag strongly depends on its degree of fineness; it also has weak short-term activity, denoting a slower kinetics of reaction compared to classical slag. These results permit us to recommend a minimal Blaine of 3500 cm2/g for this slag.
A more intensive use of this slag in cement and concrete is undoubtedly possible, but this must be demonstrated by conducting tests on mortar and validating by a study on concrete.
Influence of the American Financial Market on Other Markets During the Subprime Crisis
Authors: Płuciennik Piotr 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Subprime crisis which started in the USA in 2007 was the cause of the most significant economic disturbances since the Great Depression in 1930s. Soon it transmitted to other countries, including those in which banks were not engaged in the subprime mortgage market. The crisis hit various sectors of national economies and led to changing of the trends on the stock markets, which are connected to American capital market. In the following article we researched the influence of the American market on the other markets in the context of the financial crisis. Our analysis is based on the results obtained from the multivariate parametric models. Seeing that the data space is high-dimensional, we used GO-GARCH models introduced by van der Weide (2005) and Boswijk and van der Weide (2006).
Measurement of the Efficiency of Mutual Funds Operating on the Pan-European Market
Authors: Witkowska Dorota 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In the paper the performance of 18 selected European mutual funds is evaluated. Analysis is conducted for 6 samples distinguished from the period 15.09.2006-20.01.2012. Ranking of funds is provided applying the aggregated measures that base on well known Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen ratios and four different markets indexes e.g. Euro STOXX 50, DAX, CAC 40 and FTSE 100. In the composite indicators construction we use 60 classifications of the mutual funds.
Impact of cover crops and tillage on porosity of podzolic soil
Authors: Błażewicz-Woźniak M. , Konopiñski M. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of cover crops biomass, mixed with the soil on different dates and with the use of different tools in field conditions. The cover crop biomass had a beneficial influence on the total porosity of the 0-20 cm layer of the soil after winter. The highest porosity was achievedwith cover crops of buckwheat, phacelia and mustard, the lowest with rye. During the vegetation period the highest porosity of soil was observed in the ridges. Among the remaining non-ploughing cultivations, pre-winter use of stubble cultivator proved to have a beneficial influence on the soil porosity, providing results comparable to those achieved in conventional tillage. The differential porosity of the soil was modified not only by the catch crops and the cultivation methods applied, but also by the sample collection dates, and it did change during the vegetation period. The highest content of macropores after winter was observed for the phacelia cover crop, and the lowest in the case of cultivation without any cover crops. Pre-winter tillage with the use of a stubble cultivator increased the amount of macropores in soil in spring, and caused the biggest participation of mesopores as compared with other non-ploughing cultivation treatments of the soil. The smallest amount of mesopores was found in the ridges.
Impact of erosion and tillage on the productivity and quality of selected semiarid soils of Iran
Authors: Mehdizade B. , Asadi H. , Shabanpour M. , Ghadiri H. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This greenhouse research was carried out to study the effects of water and tillage erosion on agricultural productivity and soil quality in soil samples from a semiarid region of Iran. A factorial experiment of complete randomized block design was used to compare the effects of soil erosion (eroded and non-eroded soils), slope position, water stress and fertilizer (N-P-K) on yield and yield components of wheat as soil productivity index. The results showed that erosion ie water and tillage erosion has a significant effect (p<0.01) in decreasing soil productivity due to its negative impact on soil organic matter, nutrients (N and K) and hydraulic conductivity. Complete N-P-K fertilization and water stress had significant effects on increasing and decreasing of wheat yield, respectively. The effect of water stress in particular was so high that it could eclipse the erosion impact on yield reduction. Wheat dry matter and grain mass on foot and mid slopes were significantly higher than that on upslope positions where total N and available K were the lowest and equivalent calcium carbonate the highest. Saturated hydraulic conductivity and total nitrogen were found to be the most important soil properties as far as their correlations to wheat yield are concerned.