bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy, postpartum and breastfeeding: beliefs about women’s sexuality during this period
Authors: Bader S. , Zran Z. , Aloulou M. , Abdelmoula A. , Bouaziz A. , Abbes W. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPregnancy,postpartum and breastfeeding is a very challenging period in the women’s life. Many shared false beliefs and perceptions about this period can influence a pregnant woman’s sexual life and couple.Objectives
to explore sexual satisfaction, misconceptions and beliefs about sexuality during pregnancy and postpartum in women.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study established over a period of 3 months from the June 1st, 2023 to August 31, 2023. This study focused on a population of pregnant postpartum and breastfeeding women recruited from outpatient consultations and inpatient of the obstetric gynecology department at the university hospital of Gabes, Tunisia. We used a pre-established sheet exploring socio-demographic data, medical and gyneco-obstetric history, informations concerning the marital relationship and the woman’s sexual activity and eight questions (yes or no / choosing an option) to explore the beliefs and perceptions about sexuality during pregnancy and postpartum. We administered the validated Arabic version of the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) to assess sexual functioning.ResultsFifty-eight women were included. The average age was 35.6±5.5 years, they had a university level in 40% and they were unemployed in 74.2%. They were from an urban origin in 75%. They were pregnant in the first, second and third trimester in (15.6%, 15.6% and 25% respectively). They were in postpartum in 43.8% of cases with a cesarean delivery in 73.3% and breastfeeding in 56%. All women reported being on good terms with their spouses and satisfied with their sexuality. The usual frequency of sexual relations (SR) was (1/day: 22.6%, 1/week: 74.2%, 1/month: 3.2%). Only 3.4% masturbated and 5.17% had sexual fantasies. Among women, 55.1% believed that RS is not allowed in the first trimester, and 67.8% believed that it can harm the baby. Only 25% of women believed that RS is permitted throughout pregnancy. 58.1% believed that RS in the third trimester could induce early delivery, and 30% believed that it could harm the baby. They all believed that post-partum SR is only authorized after 40 days. Among the sample 22.6% believed that SR is not allowed during breastfeeding, and that it can harm the baby in 13% of cases. The mean ASEX score was 13 ± 4.3 and 47% had sexual dysfunction. Regarding the frenquency of SR, 25% reported wanting to reduce the frequency, 3.4% wanting to increase the frequency and 71.6% were neutral.ConclusionsA better understanding of the misconceptions and beliefs about sexuality during pregnancy and the post-partum period is needed to reduce restriction imposed on sexual activity during a normal pregnancy and to enhance marital harmony and the sexual life of the couple.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Latent classes based on clinical symptoms of military recruits with mental health issues and their clinical responses to treatment over 12 months
Authors: Jon D.-I. , Eo J. , Park E. H. , Hong H. J. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
In South Korea, all men at the age of 18 or older are required to serve at military for a certain period as an obligation. These recruits should be able to withstand psychological stress and pressures of rapid adaptation of the unique and new environment in military. The number of military recruits facing adaptation issues has been on the rise, necessitating an evaluation for active service. In our previous study (Park et al., in press 2023), we classified the military recruits with mental issues according to latent profile analysis (LPA) and examined the treatment response during six months.ObjectivesIn this study, we further examined clinical characteristics over the next six months.MethodsNinety-two participants were analyzed with LPA using MMPI-2 clinical profiles in the previous study. The three classes were identified: mild maladjustment (Class 1, n=14), neurotic depression and anxiety (Class 2, n=36), high vulnerability and hypervigilance (Class 3, n=42). At 12 months, Clinical Global Impression-Severity and Global Assessment of Functioning were assessed to test their long-term changes.ResultsWhile Class 1 and 2 significantly improved over 6 months, Class 3 showed little or no improvement even with more medications in our previous study. During the 6-month follow-up period, 50% of Class 1, 38.9% of Class 2, and 41.5% of Class 3 were dropped. It was during this period that their level of military service was decided. Class 1 and 2 which showed marked improvement up to initial 6 months, did not demonstrate substantial further improvement during follow-up period with a considerable portion stopped visiting hospital. Subjects in Class 3, who showed little or no improvement during initial 6 months, demonstrated continued improvement in this study, although their symptoms still appeared relatively severe.Conclusions
This study suggests clinical implications for treatment plan and intervention of each subgroup classified based on MMPI-2 clinical profiles of military recruits who might show maladjustment to serve. The long-term continuous treatment for Class 3 patients will be needed, even after exemption from active duty.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Linking Digital Traits from Facial Expression, Voice, and Head Motion to Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale Subscales
Authors: Zhu Z. , Wu Y. , Seidel J. , Roy D. , Salzmann E. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe 10-item Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) measures different dimensions of depression symptomatology. Digital traits may generate deeper understanding of the MADRS subscales and provide insights about depression symptomatology.ObjectivesTo identify digital traits that predict specific MADRS subscales and ascertain which digital traits are important for which MADRS subscales.Methods
During a Phase II decentralised clinical trial in major depressive disorder (MDD), patients completed the MADRS and used AiCure (LLC, New York, NY, USA), a smartphone application, to complete image description tasks at baseline. Digital measurements identified from the literature as relevant to MDD symptomatology were conducted using audio and video data derived from the image description tasks. Digital measurements included speech (rate, sentiment and first-person singular pronouns), vocal acoustics (intensity, pause fraction and fundamental frequency), facial expressivity (regional facial movement) and head pose (Euclidean and angular head movement). Digital traits analysis involved data pre-processing followed by machine learning (ML) using Elastic Net, Decision Tree, and Random Forest models; model performance was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation and mean absolute error (MAE). Important digital traits were calculated by percentage change in MAE after permuting a specific variable. Important digital traits for the MADRS Apparent Sadness subscale score were mapped to defined, interpretable domains.ResultsThe ML model predictions varied for different MADRS subscales (Table). Overall, Elastic Net and Random Forest models outperformed Decision Tree across all subscales scores other than suicidal thoughts. Half of the literature-based digital traits contributed to the prediction of ≥1 MADRS sadness sub-scale score. The important digital traits for the Apparent Sadness subscale score could be mapped to 4 domains (Figure); this aligned with findings from the literature.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsDigital traits collected from patients with MDD were able to predict certain MADRS subscales better than others.FundingBoehringer Ingelheim.Disclosure of InterestZ. Zhu Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Y. Wu Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., J. Seidel Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, D. Roy Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., E. Salzmann Employee of: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
Association of anti-thyroid autoantibodies with neuropsychiatric features in patients with affective and schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Ilhan R. S. , Can K. C. , Lalic S. N. , Halaman E. , Aktay O. , Özdemir F. , Çolak B. , Duman B. , Yazıcı S. , Saka M. C. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionA growing body of evidence has shown the association between autoimmune thyroiditis and mental illness (Rege et al. AUS N J S Psychiatry 2013; 300 141-154). Identifying the neuropsychiatric features associated with thyroid antibody positivity could have significant implications for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. However, the link between anti-thyroid antibodies and precise underlying pathophysiology requires future research.Objectives
The aim of the present study was to conduct a retrospective evolution in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder and affective disorder who were screened for anti-thyroid antibodies at the time of their hospitalization and to investigate neuropsychiatric features of anti-thyroid antibody-positive patients.Methods
A total of 143 inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and affective disorders between 2021 and 2023 were screened for anti-thyroid antibodies such as thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (TG). All patients were women. In order to elucidate the subsequent neuropsychiatric clinical features of individuals with positive anti-thyroid antibodies, the retrospective examination was conducted based on Neuropsychiatric Invetory-Q (NPI-Q) and DSM-V diagnostic criteria utilized at the time of hospitalization.Results
The main age of the patients was 48.2 (SD 10.4). A total of 143 inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and affective disorders were screened for anti-thyroid antibodies at the time of their hospitalizations. %23.1 (n=33) tested positive for at least one of the anti-TG or anti-TPO. All patients were euthyroid. The neuropsychiatric diagnoses are shown in Table 1. The most common neuropsychiatric features assessed by NPI-Q are shown in Table 2. 12.1% (n=4) of all patients were treated with IV steroid Pulse therapy.
Table 1.Neuropsychiatric syndrom-level diagnostic patterns according to DSM-VPatients with positive thyroid autoantibodies(n=33)Manic syndrome10 (30.3%)Psychotic Syndrome19 ( 57.6%)Depression syndrome5 (15.2%)Catatonia10 (30.3%) Exited6 (18.2%) Stuporus2 (6.1%) Fluctuating2 (6.1%)
Table 2.The most common clusters of Neuropsychiatric featuresNPI-Q
Positive Thyroid Autoantibodies(n=33)Delusion15 (45.4%)Agitation/Aggression14 (42.4%)Irrıtability14 (42.4%)Motor abnormality14 (42.4%)Sleep disorder15 (45.4%)Appetite/Eating14 (42.4%)ConclusionsIn particular, in a subset of schizophrenia spectrum disorder or affective disorder patients with positive anti-thyroid antibodies may indicate autoimmunity, especially in cases where catatonic symptoms dominate the clinical presentation.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Hungarian adaptation of the Honest Open Proud program
Authors: Őri D. , Corrigan P. W. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe Honest, Open, Proud (HOP) program is an effective peer-led group program to support people with mental health problems in their disclosure to manage self and public stigma. The HOP program will be integrated into the National Anti-stigma Program in Hungary, which was initiated in 2020.ObjectivesOur goal was to develop the Hungarian version of the HOP program. We conducted the following measures to achieve our aim.MethodsThe adaptation process was conducted using community-based participatory research (CBPR) between September 2022 and January 2023. Over ten sessions, a group of eight individuals, consisting of both males and females with varying mental health conditions (mean age = 39.6 ± 8.5), participated in the online-led CBPR. The adaptation process was systematically documented, and regular supervision was provided.ResultsThe program comprises three lessons and a follow-up section. We have translated the text of the manual and workbook into Hungarian and adjusted the tone, language, locations, and examples as per the Hungarian context. Although our adaptation process did not involve changes to the content and implementation strategies, we will perform structural modifications and adjustments to ensure the content is suitable for the predefined number of sessions and Hungarian participants.ConclusionsThe HOP could be feasibly implemented in the National Anti-stigma Program in Hungary; both online and in-person programs are planned. Given the lack of such a program in Hungary, it will likely be warmly welcomed and strongly supported for the benefit of people with mental health problems.Disclosure of InterestD. Őri Grant / Research support from: Fulbright Association supported research, P. Corrigan: None Declared
Gestational age and sex interaction and risk for autism spectrum disorder in extremely preterm newborns: an 18‑month follow‑up study
Authors: Pina-Camacho L. , Merchan-Naranjo J. , Rodriguez-Toscano E. , Martin L. , Romero C. , Boada L. , Zeballos S. , Arriaga M. , Blanco-Bravo D. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionExtremely preterm newborns - EPTN (born ≤28 weeks gestational age) are at increased risk of developing autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Demographic and perinatal risk factors associated with ASD risk in EPTN are understudied.Objectives(i) In EPTN and born at full-term healthy controls (HC), to characterize the emergence of ASD traits and autistic symptom load at age 18 months; (ii) in EPTN, to identify the influence of perinatal characteristics such as sex and gestational age on autistic symptom load at corrected-age 18 months.MethodsObservational, longitudinal, prospective, 18-month follow-up study. We recruited a cohort of n=113 EPTN and n=47 HC (the PremTEA cohort); n=57 EPTN and n=42 HC successfully completed the 18-month follow-up visit. We assessed autistic symptom load & risk at 18 months using the M-CHAT-R/F questionnaire. For all EPTN and HC, we collected demographic and perinatal data. Using GLMs, we assessed, in EPTN, the association between demographic/perinatal variables and 18-month autistic symptom levels.ResultsAt 18 months, EPTN children showed higher autistic symptom levels than HC (M-CHAT-R/F score, mean (SD) [range] = 2.21 (3.23) [0-12] in EPTN vs. 0.33 (0.57) [0-2] in HC; d=.873, p=.001. In EPTN, we identified differences by gestational age and sex in autistic symptom levels at 18 months (aR2=0.517, p=.006). In particular, female EPTNs born with lower gestational age showed higher autistic symptom load at age 18 months.ConclusionsOur findings support the need for early screening of ASD symptomatology in EPTN infants, particularly in higher-risk subgroups, such as female patients born with lower gestational ages.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Retrospective evaluation of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with schizophrenia receiving clozapine monotherapy and clozapine combined with different antipsychotics
Authors: Yıldız E. , İspir S. N. , Demirel H. R. , Odabaş Ünal S. , Aydın M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder and clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic that can be used in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients. However, treatment-resistant schizophrenia may also include patients with an inadequate response to clozapine.ObjectivesIn our study, we retrospectively analysed the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients receiving clozapine monotherapy and patients receiving clozapine in combination with different antipsychotics. In this way, we aimed to evaluate the factors that influence the response to clozapine.MethodsClozapine monotherapy and clozapine in combination with different antipsychotics were identified by retrospective chart review of patients followed up at the Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders Outpatient Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were recorded and subjected to statistical analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Selçuk University.Results
Of the 143 patients whose data were analysed, 60 (42%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 40.2±12.0 years and the mean duration of training was 10.4±4.3 years. 62 patients (43.4%) used long-acting antipsychotics. 90 patients (62.9%) were using clozapine, 52 (36.4%) were using clozapine as monotherapy, 5 (3.5%) were using clozapine together with another oral antipsychotics drug, and 33 (23.1%) were using clozapine together with a long-acting antipsychotic. No statistically significant difference was found when comparing mean age, age at first antipsychotic initiation, age at clozapine initiation and mean clozapine dose between patients using clozapine monotherapy (n=52) and patients using different antipsychotics in combination with clozapine (n=38). When the two groups were compared, a significant difference was found in the mean number of antipsychotics used before starting clozapine and the mean number of hospitalisations, with a lower number in the monotherapy group (3.1±1.4 vs 4.1±2.0, p=0.01 and 2.8±2.2 vs 4.5±3.2, p=0.006, respectively).ConclusionsIt is important to assess the concept of treatment resistance appropriately in the treatment of schizophrenia patients. The results of our study suggest that starting clozapine treatment promptly in treatment-resistant patients may increase the likelihood that patients will benefit from clozapine and reduce the need for additional treatments. Although our data and criteria for evaluating response to treatment are limited, it is important to draw attention to the clinical results of proceeding in accordance with the guidelines in the treatment of schizophrenia. Evaluating the response to clozapine treatment needs studies with stronger data and larger sample sizes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Schizo - obsessive disorder - separate clinical entity or elusive comorbidity? - a systematic review
Authors: Niewiadomski R. , Maciejczyk-Kawecka J. , Ciołek M. A. , Wilczyński K. , Janas-Kozik M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn some clinical scenarios obsessive and delusive symptoms exhibit several similarities, making it challenging to differentiate between schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). There are numerous reports of patients suffering from those disorders and manifesting both psychotic and obsession-like features, which makes accurate distinction even more complicated. We found several conflicting theories attempting to elucidate this overlap, one being the existence of the separate clinical entity - schizo-obsessive disorder.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to consolidate current knowledge, synthesize existing theories and explore diagnostic implications.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review following the PRISMA protocol, we scrutinized studies addressing obsession-like symptoms in SSD, psychotic symptoms in OCD, and comorbidity of those disorders. We included peer-reviewed non-interventional studies published in English and Polish from 2013 onwards. The search was performed in the following medical databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. Synthesis utilized a narrative approach due to diverse study designs, outcomes and observational nature of the collected data.ResultsWe identified several dozen articles, which revealed a range of diverse findings, often inconclusive, and occasionally conflicting, Although, the collected data indicate the schizo-obsessive spectrum exhibits clinical relevance.ConclusionsThe ambiguity in results emphasizes the necessity for further investigations into pathomechanism of schizophrenia and OCD. Future research, particularly involving children and adolescents, should strive for a comprehensive understanding of the nuanced manifestations of obsessive-like and psychotic symptoms in both disorders, aiding in refining diagnostic criteria and developing effective intervention strategies.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychosis following traumatic brain injury: A case study and a brief overview
Authors: Khiari H. , Hakiri A. , Rouai S. , Ghachem R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPsychosis resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a relatively uncommon but potentially severe and disabling outcome. The complex relationship between TBI and the onset of psychosis is marked by significant scientific uncertainty and differing opinions.ObjectivesTo investigate the occurrence of psychosis following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and explore the intricate relationship between TBI and the development of psychosis.MethodsA comprehensive case report was conducted on a 38-year-old patient who, after a severe TBI at the age of 23, exhibited signs of psychosis. Developmental history, family background, clinical assessments, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electroencephalogram (EEG) results were analyzed.ResultsThe patient, at the time of writing aged 38, was born at full term with a regular presentation and uneventful delivery, with no indications of perinatal or obstetric complications. Developmentally, he reached all milestones within the expected range, and there were no significant premorbid characteristics. There was no family history of schizophrenia in a first- or second-degree relative; a paternal cousin had had psychosis-like symptoms, but reportedly remained well without any medication.At the age of 23, the patient was knocked from his motorcycle by a car and sustained a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), with initial loss of consciousness and was in a coma state for approximatively a month, with later sequelae of cerebellar syndrome and predominant right-sided pyramidal syndrome.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) a year following the TBI showed sequelae of bifrontal and temporal contusion lesions.An EEG did not indicate any evidence of epilepsy, and a repeat EEG 14 years later revealed no diagnostic abnormality.A year after the accident, his surroundings have noticed social withdrawal, a turning inward with a religious fervor, and persecutory remarks focused on his brother. At the age of 26, he presented to a psychiatric service having auditory hallucinations. He was deluded, believing himself to be a prophesied redeemer figure who is expected to appear and bring justice and righteousness to the world. He had an inappropriate affect. A diagnosis of schizophrenia was made, and neuroleptics prescribed. His auditory hallucinations faded, but the subsequent course was of repeated episodes of florid psychosis requiring maintenance neuroleptic treatment, eventually haloperidol decanoate (150mg monthly).ConclusionsPsychosis following TBI is an uncommon yet potentially severe consequence, carrying the risk of significant debilitation. The relationship between TBI and psychosis is complex, but notable distinctions exist in clinical, epidemiological, and neurobiological aspects when compared to primary psychotic disorders.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared