bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective randomized study comparing clinical, functional, and aesthetic results of minipterional and classic pterional craniotomies
Authors: Welling Leonardo C. , Figueiredo Eberval G. , Wen Hung T. , Gomes Marcos Q. T. , Bor-Seng-Shu Edson , Casarolli Cesar , Guirado Vinicius M. P. , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen 
Published: December 2014

OBJECT
The object of this study was to compare the clinical, functional, and aesthetic results of 2 surgical techniques, pterional (PT) and minipterional (MPT) craniotomies, for microsurgical clipping of anterior circulation aneurysms.

METHODS
Fifty-eight patients with ruptured and unruptured anterior circulation aneurysms were enrolled into a prospective randomized study. The first group included 28 patients who underwent the MPT technique, and the second group comprised 30 patients who underwent the classic PT craniotomy. To evaluate the aesthetic effects, patients were asked to grade on a rule from 0 to 100 the best and the worst aesthetic result. Photographs were also taken, assessed by 2 independent observers, and classified as showing excellent, good, regular, or poor aesthetic results. Furthermore, quantitative radiological assessment (percentage reduction in thickness and volumetric analysis) of the temporal muscle, subcutaneous tissue, and skin was performed. Functional outcomes were compared using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Frontal facial palsy, postoperative hemorrhage, cerebrospinal fistula, hydrocephalus, and mortality were also analyzed.

RESULTS
Demographic and preoperative characteristics were similar in both groups. Satisfaction in terms of aesthetic result was observed in 19 patients (79%) in the MPT group and 13 (52%) in the PT group (p = 0.07). The mean score on the aesthetic rule was 27 in the MPT group and 45.8 in the PT group (p = 0.03). Two independent observers analyzed the patient photos, and the kappa coefficient for the aesthetic results was 0.73. According to these observers, excellent and good results were seen in 21 patients (87%) in the MPT and 12 (48%) in the PT groups. The degree of temporal muscle, subcutaneous tissue, and skin atrophy was 14.9% in the MPT group and 24.3% in the PT group (p = 0.01). Measurements of the temporal muscle revealed 12.7% atrophy in the MPT group and 22% atrophy in the PT group (p = 0.005). The volumetric reduction was 14.6% in the MPT and 24.5% in the PT groups (p = 0.012). Mortality and mRS score were similar in both groups at the 6-month evaluation (p = 0.99).

CONCLUSIONS
Minipterional craniotomy provides clinical results similar to those of the PT technique. Moreover, it provides better cosmetic results. It can be used safely and effectively to surgically treat aneurysms of the anterior circulation instead of the PT approach.
Effect of preservation of the C-6 spinous process and its paraspinal muscular attachment on the prevention of postoperative axial neck pain in C3–6 laminoplasty
Authors: Mori Eiji , Ueta Takayoshi , Maeda Takeshi , Yugué Itaru , Kawano Osamu , Shiba Keiichiro 
Published: December 2014

OBJECT
Axial neck pain after C3–6 laminoplasty has been reported to be significantly lesser than that after C3–7 laminoplasty because of the preservation of the C-7 spinous process and the attachment of nuchal muscles such as the trapezius and rhomboideus minor, which are connected to the scapula. The C-6 spinous process is the second longest spinous process after that of C-7, and it serves as an attachment point for these muscles. The effect of preserving the C-6 spinous process and its muscular attachment, in addition to preservation of the C-7 spinous process, on the prevention of axial neck pain is not well understood. The purpose of the current study was to clarify whether preservation of the paraspinal muscles of the C-6 spinous process reduces postoperative axial neck pain compared to that after using nonpreservation techniques.

METHODS
The authors studied 60 patients who underwent C3–6 double-door laminoplasty for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy or cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament; the minimum follow-up period was 1 year. Twenty-five patients underwent a C-6 paraspinal muscle preservation technique, and 35 underwent a C-6 nonpreservation technique. A visual analog scale (VAS) and VAS grading (Grades I–IV) were used to assess axial neck pain 1–3 months after surgery and at the final follow-up examination. Axial neck pain was classified as being 1 of 5 types, and its location was divided into 5 areas. The potential correlation between the C-6/C-7 spinous process length ratio and axial neck pain was examined.

RESULTS
The mean VAS scores (± SD) for axial neck pain were comparable between the C6-preservation group and the C6-nonpreservation group in both the early and late postoperative stages (4.1 ± 3.1 vs 4.0 ± 3.2 and 3.8 ± 2.9 vs 3.6 ± 3.0, respectively). The distribution of VAS grades was comparable in the 2 groups in both postoperative stages. Stiffness was the most prevalent complaint in both groups (64.0% and 54.5%, respectively), and the suprascapular region was the most common site in both groups (60.0% and 57.1%, respectively). The types and locations of axial neck pain were also similar between the groups. The C-6/C-7 spinous process length ratios were similar in the groups, and they did not correlate with axial neck pain. The reductions of range of motion and changes in sagittal alignment after surgery were also similar.

CONCLUSIONS
The C-6 paraspinal muscle preservation technique was not superior to the C6-nonpreservation technique for preventing postoperative axial neck pain.
Treatment of pediatric Grade II spinal ependymomas: a population-based study
Authors: Lin Yimo , Jea Andrew , Melkonian Stephanie C. , Lam Sandi 
Published: December 2014

OBJECT
Grade II spinal cord ependymomas occurring in pediatric patients are exceptionally rare neoplasms. In this paper the authors use a national cancer database to determine patient demographics, treatment patterns, and associated outcomes of this cohort.

METHODS
The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was used to analyze subjects younger than 18 years with histologically confirmed diagnoses of Grade II spinal cord ependymoma from the years 1973 to 2008. Descriptive data on the demographic characteristics of this cohort and the associated treatment patterns are shown. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years.

RESULTS
This cohort comprised 64 pediatric subjects with Grade II spinal ependymoma. The median age was 13 years, nearly half of the patients were male, and most were white (84%). The median follow-up was 9.2 years. Overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 86% and 83%, respectively. Gross-total resection was achieved in 57% of subjects, and radiation therapy was administered to 36%. Radiation therapy was administered to 78% of subjects after subtotal resection but only to 19% of patients after gross-total resection; this difference was significant (p < 0.001). In a multivariate regression model analyzing sex, age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, radiotherapy, and extent of resection, female sex was found to be an independent predictor of decreased mortality (HR 0.15 [95% CI 0.02–0.94], p = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS
These data show long-term outcomes for pediatric patients with Grade II spinal ependymoma. Radiotherapy was more likely to be administered in cases of subtotal resection than in cases of gross-total resection. Female sex is associated with decreased mortality, while other demographic or treatment modalities are not.
The SUBGLACIOR drilling probe: concept and design
Authors: Alemany O. , Chappellaz J. , Triest J. , Calzas M. , Cattani O. , Chemin J.F. , Desbois Q. , Desbois T. , Duphil R. , Falourd S. , Grilli R. , Guillerme C. , Kerstel E. , Laurent B. , Lefebvre E. , Marrocco N. , Pascual O. , Piard L. , Possenti P. , Romanini D. , Thiebaut V. , Yamani R. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn response to the ‘oldest ice’ challenge initiated by the International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences (IPICS), new rapid-access drilling technologies through glacier ice need to be developed. These will provide the information needed to qualify potential sites on the Antarctic ice sheet where the deepest section could include ice that is >1Ma old and still in good stratigraphic order. Identifying a suitable site will be a prerequisite for deploying a multi-year deep ice-core drilling operation to elucidate the cause and mechanisms of the mid-Pleistocene transition from 40 ka glacial–interglacial cycles to 100 ka cycles. As part of the ICE&LASERS/SUBGLACIOR projects, we have designed an innovative probe, SUBGLACIOR, with the aim of perforating the ice sheet down to the bedrock in a single season and continuously measuring in situ the isotopic composition of the melted water and the methane concentration in trapped gases. Here we present the general concept of the probe, as well as the various technological solutions that we have favored so far to reach this goal.
Culture et industries créatives en théorie et en pratique
Authors: Régimbeau Gérard 
Published: December 2014

Introduction au numéro de COMMUNICATION & MANAGEMENT faisant suite au colloque de novembre 2013 du Lerass-Ceric, à Montpellier 3, intitulé : « La culture en projets, service et/ou industrie : d’Adorno au Web3 ». Le texte situe la question théorique des industries culturelles et aborde des aspects problématisés des nouvelles conditions de présence et de développement de la création, notamment en arts plastiques, dans une période qui sollicite autrement les acteurs des industries créatives.
Représentation du sens linguistique II
Authors: Heyd Sophie 
Published: December 2014

Cet article a pour objet l’étude des structures [de N] dans les phrases négatives en français telles que : « Max n’a pas offert de fleurs à Marie ». Notre hypothèse est que ces constituants sont des syntagmes nominaux indéfinis dont la particularité est de contenir le déterminant déficient « de ». De plus, nous mettons en évidence une corrélation, certes surprenante, mais pertinente, entre ces SN et les expressions nominales incorporées dans les langues autorisant ce type de configurations. Par le biais d’un examen comparatif, nous montrons que les SN en « de » partagent la plupart des propriétés morphosyntaxiques et sémantiques caractéristiques des éléments incorporés. En vertu de ces similitudes, nous proposons d’analyser ces SN comme des SN indéfinis semblables à des noms « nus » et incorporés au verbe dont ils dépendent quand ils occupent la position objet en contexte négatif.
Représentation du sens linguistique II
Authors: Lebas Franck 
Published: December 2014

Certaines analyses récentes de la transitivité verbale sont particulièrement révélatrices d’un principe dualiste en linguistique, à l’œuvre de façon particulièrement insidieuse dans la notion d’ iconicité . Ce dualisme consiste à poser une correspondance entre les faits de langue et un certain jeu de concepts immanents au langage apparaissant sous deux formes principales : les rôles casuels et les configurations sémantico-grammaticales. Or ce dualisme, séduisant parce qu’il semble fournir à travers l’iconicité un principe d’explication, d’une part ne fournit en réalité qu’un faux principe, et d’autre part est largement contesté par les enseignements de diverses disciplines des sciences humaines. En alternative à ce dualisme il est possible de s’adosser à une tradition phénoménologique pour proposer un modèle scientifiquement plausible de l’activité langagière et offrant un véritable principe explicatif non dualiste.
Représentation du sens linguistique II
Authors: Willems Dominique 
Published: December 2014

Notre contribution vise une représentation systématique des extensions de sens à l’intérieur du lexique verbal. Pour une analyse globale de la polysémie verbale, une typologie générale des verbes est toutefois indispensable. Dans une première partie, nous présenterons une telle typologie : élaborée en trois temps, elle intègre à la fois les aspects sémantiques généraux des procès, les aspects lexicaux des classes de verbes et les propriétés syntaxiques de nature argumentale. Dans une deuxième partie, nous montrerons l’intérêt de la typologie proposée pour l’étude des extensions de sens, la visualisation des divers types de polysémie et l’examen de leurs régularités. Nous illustrerons notre propos en examinant deux ensembles lexicaux : les verbes bitransitifs et les verbes suivis d’un complément phrastique.
Travail, chômage et stigmatisation
Authors: Bourguignon David , Herman Ginette 
Published: December 2014

Résumé Dans la plupart des groupes sociaux, certaines caractéristiques, comme par exemple une certaine couleur de la peau, une certaine orientation sexuelle ou une certaine appartenance religieuse, peuvent fréquemment s’accompagner de mépris et de rejet. Ces caractéristiques sont connues sous le terme de « stigmate ». L’enjeu poursuivi dans ce chapitre porte sur l’analyse de ce phénomène, de même que sur les conséquences qui l’accompagnent. Dans un premier temps, nous dégagerons, sur la base des définitions proposées tant par des psychologues sociaux que par des sociologues, les principaux éléments constitutifs du concept de stigmatisation. Ensuite, nous montrerons que tous les groupes stigmatisés ne vivent pas cette situation de manière identique et nous présenterons quelques-uns des éléments à l’origine de la plus grande vulnérabilité manifestée par certains groupes stigmatisés. La suite de ce chapitre nous amènera à défendre l’idée que les contextes de stigmatisation sont sources de menace. Face à ceux-ci, nous montrerons que tous les individus ne réagissent pas de façon similaire. Certains semblent ne pas être atteints par de tels contextes alors que d’autres sont fortement affectés. Ces différences seront expliquées par les réactions et les stratégies de défense de soi mises en place par les individus pour faire face aux situations de stigmatisation. Ce chapitre permettra ainsi de mettre en lumière le poids de la stigmatisation sur le bien-être, de même que les réactions des membres de groupes qui en sont frappés.
Le contrepoint dans l'article « Sonate » de Jérôme Joseph de Momigny pour la partie Musique de l' Encyclopédie méthodique (1818)
Authors: Bartoli Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2014

On trouve dans l’article « Sonate » de la partie consacrée à la musique de l’ Encyclopédie méthodique (1818) écrit par Jérôme Joseph de Momigny des remarques particulièrement intéressantes sur l’écriture musicale et sur le statut du contrepoint, au sein de ce genre majeur. Proposant une histoire du genre, ce texte permet à son auteur de commenter le style instrumental savant de J. S. Bach selon le goût d’un musicien érudit de son temps. À l’aide d’analyses précises d’œuvres de Haydn, Mozart, Dussek, Steibelt et Beethoven, Momigny constitue ensuite un Panthéon personnel d’où émerge la figure inégalée de Haydn. Le critère d’évaluation requis n’est autre que la présence du style sévère et l’habileté de son utilisation dans la sonate. Croyant stigmatiser la pensée esthétique de Jean-Jacques Rousseau, il se rapproche singulièrement de sa notion « d’unité de mélodie » pour expliquer la valeur du contrepoint de Haydn. Les contemporains, dont Beethoven, se voient quant à eux reprocher leurs fautes d’écriture. Obnubilé par le maintien des règles du style contraint, Momigny refuse de lire les sonates modernes selon des critères instrumentaux nouveaux. Par ailleurs, il compte parmi les premiers en France à postuler dans cet article l’existence d’une école viennoise à l’aune de laquelle sont mesurés les autres compositeurs. Ce choix, relayé ensuite par le discours musicologique, a tourné au désavantage de créateurs dont on a encore du mal à élargir aujourd’hui l’auditoire au-delà du cercle des spécialistes.
Nineteenth-Century Pianists and Baroque Music
Authors: Rowland David 
Published: December 2014

Pendant toute la fin du xviii e siècle et les premières décennies du xix e , les éditeurs de musique européens ont publié des répertoires de compositeurs anciens pour le clavier. La musique de Bach était particulièrement populaire, en particulier après la publication de son Clavier bien tempéré dans plusieurs pays peu après 1800. Les œuvres de Händel et de Scarlatti ont connu aussi un beau succès dans des éditions particulières que dans des manuels de clavier. La musique française, par contre, ne se trouve que rarement dans les éditions de cette période. Comment les musiciens ont-ils approché cette musique conçue à l’origine pour le clavecin ? Certains éditeurs ont été étonnamment fidèles aux sources originales, tandis que d’autres ont manifesté une grande liberté. Les interprètes de même semblent avoir été divisés. Cet article examine la popularité relative des compositeurs anciens de musique de clavier et les informations concernant le style d’exécution de leur musique dans la première moitié du xix e siècle.
Barriers to Participation in Continuing Education Activities Among Rural and Remote Nurses
Authors: Penz Kelly , D’Arcy Carl , Stewart Norma , Kosteniuk Julie , Morgan Debra , Smith Barbara 
Published: December 2014

Background:
This article examines the barriers to participation in continuing education activities that are perceived by rural and remote registered nurses in Canada.

Methods:
The data are drawn from a national survey that was part of a larger national project, “The Nature of Nursing Practice in Rural and Remote Canada.”

Results:
Perceived barriers to participation in continuing education activities include the isolation of rural nurses and time and financial constraints. Nurses who perceived barriers to participation were more likely to be middle-aged, unmarried, and working full-time than nurses who did not perceive barriers. They were also more likely to possess higher levels of nursing education and have children or dependents. The perception of barriers to participation was also associated with lower job and scheduling satisfaction.

Conclusions:
Rural and remote registered nurses have moderately high levels of participation in continuing education; however, participation and job satisfaction can be improved if some of the barriers identified are addressed.
Implementation of a Novel Educational Modeling Approach for Cloud Computing
Authors: Ouahabi Sara , Eddaoui Ahmed , Labriji El Houssine , Benlahmar Elhabib , El Guemmat Kamal 
Published: December 2014

The Cloud model is cost-effective because customers pay for their actual usage without upfront costs, and scalable because it can be used more or less depending on the customers’ needs. Due to its advantages, Cloud has been increasingly adopted in many areas, such as banking, e-commerce, retail industry, and academy.
For education, cloud is used to manage the large volume of educational resources produced across many universities in the cloud.
Keep interoperability between content in an inter-university Cloud is not always easy. Diffusion of pedagogical contents on the Cloud by different E-Learning institutions leads to heterogeneous content which influence the quality of teaching offered by university to teachers and learners. From this reason, comes the idea of using IMS-LD coupled with metadata in the cloud.
This paper presents the implementation of our previous educational modeling by combining an application in J2EE with Reload editor that consists of modeling heterogeneous content in the cloud.
The new approach that we followed focuses on keeping interoperability between Educational Cloud content for teachers and learners and facilitates the task of identification, reuse, sharing, adapting teaching and learning resources in the Cloud.
Metaplectic Tensor Products for Automorphic Representation of (r)
Authors: Takeda Shuichiro 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLet M = GLr1 ✗ … × GLrk ⊆ GLr be a Levi subgroup of GLr, where r = r1 + … +rk, and its metaplectic preimage in the n-fold metaplectic cover r1 of GLr. For automorphic representations π1, …, πk of r1 (), … ,rk (), we construct (under a certain technical assumption that is always satisfied when n = 2) an automorphic representation π of () that can be considered as the “tensor product” of the representations π1, … , πk. This is the global analogue of the metaplectic tensor product defined by P. Mezo in the sense that locally at each place v, πv is equivalent to the local metaplectic tensor product of π1,v, … , πk,v defined by Mezo. Then we show that if all of the πi are cuspidal (resp. square-integrable modulo center), then the metaplectic tensor product is cuspidal (resp. square-integrable modulo center). We also show that (both locally and globally) the metaplectic tensor product behaves in the expected way under the action of a Weyl group element and show the compatibility with parabolic inductions.
Applicants' Self-Reported Priorities in Selecting a Residency Program
Authors: Phitayakorn Roy , Macklin E. A. , Goldsmith J. , Weinstein Debra F. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Background
Residency recruitment is a high-stakes activity for all participants, yet there is limited information about how applicants choose among programs.

Objective
This study evaluated the importance applicants place on various residency program attributes; whether applicant priorities vary by sex, race/ethnicity, or specialty choice; and whether the importance of these factors changes over time.

Methods
Highly ranked applicants to residency programs at 2 academic medical centers were surveyed annually from 2004 to 2012 regarding the importance of 26 characteristics in selecting a program. Mean ratings of importance for each factor were analyzed to assess priority for the overall applicant group, and whether priorities differed for subgroups (by sex, race/ethnicity, and specialty).

Results
Of 9669 applicants surveyed, 6285 (65%) responded. The 5 factors with highest rating of importance (overall and across all subgroups) were the program's ability to prepare residents for future training or position, resident esprit de corps, faculty availability and involvement in teaching, depth and breadth of faculty, and variety of patients and clinical resources. Small but significant differences in the ratings of some factors by sex and/or specialty group were identified. Institution-level characteristics, such as call rooms, salary, and benefits, were relatively unimportant. Applicant priorities were stable over the 9-year study period.

Conclusions
Highly ranked applicants to competitive residency programs value educational aspects of the program most highly, along with resident morale. Top factors were consistent across subgroups and over the 9 years of the study. These findings have implications for resident recruitment strategies.