bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reprogramming diminishes retention of Mycobacterium leprae in Schwann cells and elevates bacterial transfer property to fibroblasts
Authors: Masaki Toshihiro , McGlinchey Aidan , Tomlinson Simon R. , Qu Jinrong , Rambukkana Anura 
Published: September 2013

Background: Bacterial pathogens can manipulate or subvert host tissue cells to their advantage at different stages during infection, from initial colonization in primary host niches to dissemination. Recently, we have shown that Mycobacterium leprae (ML), the causative agent of human leprosy, reprogrammed its preferred host niche de-differentiated adult Schwann cells to progenitor/stem cell-like cells (pSLC) which appear to facilitate bacterial spread. Here, we studied how this cell fate change influences bacterial retention and transfer properties of Schwann cells before and after reprogramming.Results: Using primary fibroblasts as bacterial recipient cells, we showed that non-reprogrammed Schwann cells, which preserve all Schwann cell lineage and differentiation markers, possess high bacterial retention capacity when co-cultured with skin fibroblasts; Schwann cells failed to transfer bacteria to fibroblasts at higher numbers even after co-culture for 5 days. In contrast, pSLCs, which are derived from the same Schwann cells but have lost Schwann cell lineage markers due to reprogramming, efficiently transferred bacteria to fibroblasts within 24 hours.Conclusions: ML-induced reprogramming converts lineage-committed Schwann cells with high bacterial retention capacity to a cell type with pSLC stage with effective bacterial transfer properties. We propose that such changes in cellular properties may be associated with the initial intracellular colonization, which requires long-term bacterial retention within Schwann cells, in order to spread the infection to other tissues, which entails efficient bacterial transfer capacity to cells like fibroblasts which are abundant in many tissues, thereby potentially maximizing bacterial dissemination. These data also suggest how pathogens could take advantage of multiple facets of host cell reprogramming according to their needs during infection.
Analysis of three-layer composite plates with a new higher-order layerwise formulation
Authors: Maturi Dalal A. , Ferreira Antonio J.M. , Zenkour Ashraf M. , Mashat Daoud S. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we combine a new higher-order layerwise formulation and collocation with radial basis functions for predicting the static deformations and free vibration behavior of three-layer composite plates. The skins are modeled via a first-order theory, while the core is modeled by a cubic expansion with the thickness coordinate. Through numerical experiments, the numerical accuracy of this strong-form technique for static and vibration problems is discussed.
Microencapsulation of Polymer Coated Color Pigments for Multi-Color Electrophoretic Display
Authors: Joung Meyoung Ju , Kim Chul Am , Ahn Seong Deok , Lee Yong Eui , Kang Seung Youl , Suh Kyung Soo , Kim Chul Hwan 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn this study, we have investigated microencapsulation of magenta, yellow, and cyan color polymer balls with white pigment for multi-color electrophoretic display implementation. The charged color pigments have been prepared by physical coating of magenta, yellow, and cyan with functionalized polymers, then surface charging with charge control agent. These color balls with white pigment were microencapsulated in suspending fluid through in-situ polymerization.
Development of a High-Throughput Impedance Spectroscopy Screening System (HT-IS) for Characterisation of Novel Nanoscaled Gas Sensing Materials
Authors: Sanders Daniel , Siemons Maike , Koplin Tobias , Simon Ulrich 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA high-throughput work flow for rapid synthesis and testing of metal oxide nanoparticles for the discovery of new gas sensors of improved sensitivity and selectivity has been developed. The material libraries consist of nanoscaled metal oxide particles which are obtained either from pyrolysis of appropriate precursors or from polyol mediated synthesis. The design of a multielectrode array with 8x8 interdigital electrodes allows efficient and automated pipetting robot assisted sample preparation and material deposition. For characterisation of the sensor arrays high throughput impedance spectroscopy has been used. Test gas sequences and sensor temperatures can be varied. As an example, the properties of an In2O3-based library are introduced.
A patient with protrusion and multiple missing teeth treated with autotransplantation and space closure
Authors: Ko Jeong-Min , Paik Cheol-Ho , Choi Simon , Baek Seung-Hak 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To present a patient treated with submerging autotransplantation (SA) of an immature premolar and subsequent orthodontic space closure (OSC) and to report a 10-year follow-up result.

Case and Method:
A 10-year-old boy had multiple missing premolars with an asymmetric pattern (maxillary right first and second premolars, teeth 14 and 15; maxillary left second premolar, tooth 25; and mandibular right second premolar, tooth 45). After considering several treatment options, tooth 35 with immature root development underwent SA into the missing site of tooth 15 at a depth 5 mm below the occlusal plane and was stabilized with sutures to create a symmetric missing condition of the premolars in the four quadrants.

Results:
Three months after autotransplantation, spontaneous eruption of the transplanted tooth was observed. Nine months after autotransplantation, presence of the lamina dura of the transplanted tooth was confirmed with a periapical radiograph. Active orthodontic treatment was initiated to reduce lip protrusion by closing the missing spaces of teeth 14, 25, 35, and 45 and to correct dental midline deviation. After 33 months of active orthodontic treatment, Class I canine and molar relationships were obtained. During the 10-year follow-up, the pulp vitality of the transplanted tooth was maintained without any pathologic findings, including root resorption or pulp canal obliteration.

Conclusions:
In a patient with lip protrusion and multiple congenitally missing premolars with an asymmetric pattern, SA of one premolar from the normal quadrant into the quadrant missing two premolars with subsequent OSC of the missing sites of the other premolars can be an effective treatment modality.
Validity of Meta-analysis in Diabetes: We Need to Be Aware of Its Limitations
Authors: Home Philip D. 
Published: September 2013

To deliver high-quality clinical care to patients with diabetes and other chronic conditions, clinicians must understand the evidence available from studies that have been performed to address important clinical management questions. In an evidence-based approach to clinical care, the evidence from clinical research should be integrated with clinical expertise, pathophysiological knowledge, and an understanding of patient values. As such, in an effort to provide information from many studies, the publication of diabetes meta-analyses has increased markedly in the recent past, using either observational or clinical trial data. In this regard, guidelines have been developed to direct the performance of meta-analysis to provide consistency among contributions. Thus, when done appropriately, meta-analysis can provide estimates from clinically and statistically homogeneous but underpowered studies and is useful in supporting clinical decisions, guidelines, and cost-effectiveness analysis. However, often these conditions are not met, the data considered are unreliable, and the results should not be assumed to be any more valid than the data underlying the included studies. To provide an understanding of both sides of the argument, we provide a discussion of this topic as part of this two-part point-counterpoint narrative. In the point narrative as presented below, Dr. Home provides his opinion and review of the data to date showing that we need to carefully evaluate meta-analyses and to learn what results are reliable. In the counterpoint narrative following Dr. Home’s contribution, Drs. Golden and Bass emphasize that an effective system exists to guide meta-analysis and that rigorously conducted, high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses are an indispensable tool in evidence synthesis despite their limitations.
—William T. Cefalu, MD
Editor in Chief, Diabetes Care
Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Luque-Fernandez Miguel Angel , Bain Paul A. , Gelaye Bizu , Redline Susan , Williams Michelle A. 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
Recently, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has been reported to be associated with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Accordingly, as this is emergent area of research that has significant clinical relevance, the objective of this meta-analysis is to examine the relationship between SDB with GDM.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We searched several electronic databases for all of the studies published before January 2013 and reviewed references of published articles. Meta-analytic procedures were used to estimate the unadjusted and BMI-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) using a random effects model. Significant values, weighted effect sizes, and 95% CIs were calculated, and tests of homogeneity of variance were performed.

RESULTS
Results from nine independent studies with a total of 9,795 pregnant women showed that SDB was significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM. Women with SDB had a more than threefold increased risk of GDM, with a pooled BMI-adjusted OR 3.06 (95% CI 1.89–4.96).

CONCLUSIONS
These findings demonstrate a significant association between SDB and GDM that is evident even after considered confounding by obesity. This meta-analysis indicates a need to evaluate the role of early recognition and treatment of SDB early during pregnancy.
CaZrO3-based powders suitable for manufacturing electrochemical oxygen probes
Authors: Dudek Magdalena , Rapacz-Kmita Alicja 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Calcium zirconate powders doped with a small amount of CaO were synthesised using the Pechini method. X-ray analysis revealed that solid solution was formed in the concentration up to 51.5% mol CaO. For synthesis of stoichiometric CaZrO3, the highest temperature was required (1150°C), but introduction of excess CaO from 50.5 to 51.5% mol enabled us to lower the synthesis temperature to 800°C. The sintering behaviour of such samples under non-isothermal conditions was studied by dilatometric methods. Deviations were found in stoichiometry; by increasing the CaO concentration in CaZrO3 sinterability improved in comparison to CaZrO3 with stoichiometric composition. The presence of CaO as second phase caused deterioration of the sinterability of the CaZrO3-based samples. Pellets sintered at 1500°C for 2 h reached 96–98% of theoretical density. SEM and TEM observations were used to characterise the microstructure of the prepared samples. The electrical properties of CaZrO3-based samples were investigated by the AC-impedance spectroscopy method. It was found that introduction of excess CaO into the CaZrO3 structure caused an increase in ionic conductivity up to the solubility limit. The possibility of using CaZrO3-based samples for constructing prototype electrochemical oxygen probes to determine activity of oxygen dissolved in molten copper is also demonstrated.
Study of lipophilicity of alpha-asarone derivatives and their deterrent activity against the Colorado potato beetle
Authors: Łozowicka Bożena , Kaczyński Piotr , Nawrot Jan 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Five positional isomers and thirty derivatives of alpha-asarone wereobtained as a bioactive set of substances, and their deterrent activity against the Colorado potato beetle was studied. The lipophilicity values of thirty-six compounds were determined by using experimental, chromatographic and theoretical methods. The logk w values for all compounds were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using five different columns. The octan-1-ol/water partition coefficients values were determined experimentally as a measure of lipophilicity. For the purpose of comparison, theoretical lipophilic parameters for all compounds were calculated with the use of chemical programs. The experimental, chromatographic and calculated values were compared using linear regression analysis. The most significant correlations were found between the chromatographic lipophilicities using methanol/water for all tested columns and calculated values. It has been found that 13 compounds have the lowest lipophilicities, which correspond to deterrent activity. The presented results show that the computational method is useful for determining the lipophilicity of a series of homologues, but not for positional isomers. In addition, this study shows that determination of lipophilicity using HPLC with various stationary phases is practical and reasonable for all alpha-asarone derivatives.
Stereoselective preparation of mono- and bis-derivatives of pentacyclo[6.3.0.02,6.03,10.05,9] undecane (D
3-trishomocubane)
Authors: Mishura Anastasiia , Sklyarova Anna , Sharapa Dmitriy , Levandovsky Igor’ , Serafin Michael , Fokin Andrey , Rodionov Vladimir 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The rearrangement of easily accessible Cookson’s diketone with chlorosulfonic acid in chloroform followed by the acidic hydrolysis gave 6-chloro-7-hydroxy-dichloropentacyclo[6.3.0.02,6.03,10.05,9]undecane-4-one, whose syn-stereochemistry was assigned through the X-ray crystal structure analysis. This key structure was used for the stereoselective synthesis of the D 3-trishomocubane derivatives as well as for the preparation of potential drugs bearing hydroxy- and amino-functional groups. A new multigram preparative synthesis of D 3-trishomocubane was developed.
Retrospective Medical Record Review of an Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine Hospital Consultation Service
Authors: Snider Karen T. , Snider Eric J. , DeGooyer Brett R. , Bukowski Allison M. , Fleming Regina K. , Johnson Jane C. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Context: In the first half of the 20th century, nearly all osteopathic physicians used osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) in the care of hospitalized patients. Over the past few decades, however, inpatient OMM care has declined and is more commonly provided by OMM specialists.

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the details of a specialty-level OMM inpatient consultation service.

Methods: Inpatient OMM consultations that took place at Northeast Regional Medical Center in Kirksville, Missouri, between July 1998 and March 2008 were identified from billing records. Consultations were reviewed for demographic information, admission location, postoperative status, intensive care unit and mechanical ventilation usage, admission and discharge diagnoses, consultation reasons and final diagnoses, areas of somatic dysfunction treated and types of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) techniques used, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Results: A total of 1509 OMM consultations were identified (580 for male patients [38%]; 929 for female patients [62%]; mean [SD] age, 54 [31] years [range, 0-99 years]), representing 11% of all inpatient consultations. Of these, 1372 consultations (91%) were initiated in the inpatient acute care facility, 87 (6%) in the inpatient acute rehabilitation facility, and 50 (3%) in the skilled nursing facility. Further, 265 consultations (18%) were for postoperative patients, 187 (12%) were for patients in the intensive care unit, and 54 (4%) were for patients receiving mechanical ventilation at the time of the consultation. The most common admission diagnoses were hypertension, routine newborn care, lower respiratory infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and gastrointestinal symptoms. The most common reasons for OMM consultation were chest/rib pain, spinal pain, lower respiratory infection (adjunctive treatment), cranial asymmetry, and infant feeding disorder. The most common types of OMT techniques used were myofascial release, balanced ligamentous tension, muscle energy, soft tissue, and inhibition. The mean (SD) LOS was 5.7 (3.3) days (range, 0-48 days), while the mean (SD) number of days the patient received OMT was 3.1 (2.2) days.

Conclusion: Medical records reviewed in the current study revealed that OMM consultations were ordered primarily for musculoskeletal complaints, respiratory problems (adjunctive treatment), and newborn care. A variety of OMT techniques were used. Further retrospective study is warranted to determine if OMM had an effect on LOS.
I Can't Move My Face! A Case of Bilateral Facial Palsy
Authors: Greenberg Marna Rayl , Urquhart Megan C. , Eygnor Jessica K. , Worrilow Charles C. , Gesell Nicole Ceccacci , Porter Bernadette Glenn , Miller Andrew C. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The authors present a case of bilateral facial palsy in a 52-year-old man. The patient presented to an emergency department in Pennsylvania, describing left-sided neck pain and headache from “sleeping wrong,” symptoms which eventually progressed to facial diplegia by his fourth visit in 2 weeks. His admitting diagnosis was Bell palsy; he was ultimately tested for and found to have Lyme disease. Delay in treatment of patients with Lyme disease may lead to bilateral facial paralysis and disease progression. Thorough history taking, physical examination, and scrutiny of prior records are important elements of identifying and treating patients such as these (ie, whose vague symptoms progress to facial diplegia) appropriately.
Using SPME‐GC/MS to Evaluate Acrolein Production in Cassava and Pork Sausage Fried in Different Vegetable Oils
Authors: Osório Vanessa Moreira , de Lourdes Cardeal Zenilda 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis work presents the quantification of acrolein in cassava and pork sausage fried (temperature of 170 °C) in five different vegetables oils: canola, palm, sunflower, soybean and corn using a method of solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results showed that the highest concentration of acrolein was found in samples fried in sunflower oil and canola oil. The concentration of acrolein in pork sausage (3.7 and 2.0 ng/g/g) was lower than in cassava (10.2 and 3.8 ng) when fried in sunflower and soybean oils, respectively. In contrast, when the denser oils (canola and palm) were used for frying, the concentration of acrolein in pork sausage (6.3 and 3.8 ng/g) was higher than in cassava (3.7 and 2.8 ng/g). Using corn oil, the concentrations of acrolein in both cassava and sausage were similar (approximately 5 ng/g). The viscosity of the oil, the fatty acid composition, especially the level of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the food, and oil uptake are factors that influence the acrolein concentration found in fried food.
Solidarität und Wettbewerb in einem einheitlichen Krankenversicherungssystem
Authors: Rothgang Heinz , Jacobs Klaus 
Published: September 2013

Einleitung
Das Nebeneinander von GKV und PKV konstituiert keinen „Systemwettbewerb“, da 90% der Versicherten de facto einem der beiden Systeme zugewiesen werden. Da die Privatversicherten gesünder und einkommensstärker sind, ist das duale System unsolidarisch und zudem allokativ dysfunktional, da der Versichertenstatus jenseits des medizinischen Bedarfs über die Versorgung mitentscheidet. Zu fordern ist stattdessen ein solidarisches integriertes Versicherungssystem mit einheitlicher Vergütungsordnung.
Vergütungssysteme und Wettbewerb im Gesundheitssystem
Authors: Krauth Christian , Jensen Sören , Wolf Sascha , Amelung Volker 
Published: September 2013

Einleitung
Wie ein Vergütungssystem gestaltet wird, hat erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Performance von Leistungserbringern. Zunehmend werden die Anreizwirkungen der Vergütungsformen bei der Steuerung der Gesundheitsversorgung berücksichtigt. Ziel monetärer Anreizsysteme ist es, Ergebnisse (bzgl. Effizienz und Qualität der Versorgung) zu realisieren, wie sie ein funktionierender Markt zeigt (der im Gesundheitssektor bekanntlich nur eingeschränkt funktioniert).
Markt + Staat = Effizienz im Gesundheitswesen? Einige kritische Anmerkungen
Authors: Mosebach Kai 
Published: September 2013

Einleitung
Trotz Marktversagen sind Gesundheitsökonomen davon überzeugt, die Effizienz des Marktwettbewerbs durch politische Steuerung simulieren zu können. Diese Auffassung wird hier kritisiert, denn weder kann die Konsumentensouveränität für Patienten realisiert werden noch lassen sich dysfunktionale Effekte des Wettbewerbshandelns verhindern. Die zunehmende Kommerzialisierung des Gesundheitswesens hat paradoxerweise eine Desintegration der Versorgung und Entmachtung regulatorischer Behörden zur Folge.
Coopetition: am Ergebnis orientierte Prozessplanung für die integrierte Versorgung
Authors: Offermanns Guido 
Published: September 2013

Einleitung
Qualitätsorientierter Wettbewerb fördert die Kooperationen zwischen Leistungserbringern in verschiedenen Versorgungssektoren. Der Coopetition-Ansatz zeigt, dass Kooperation im Wettbewerb einerseits zu einer besseren Patientenversorgung sowie andererseits zu Wettbewerbsvorteilen für die kooperierenden Leistungserbringer aus verschiedenen Versorgungssektoren führt. Ein wichtiges Instrument stellt dabei die ergebnisorientierte Prozessplanung dar, welche die bisher getrennt laufenden Prozesse auf die Patienten zugeschnitten verbindet. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei die Ergebnisse der Versorgung zu verbessern sowie gleichzeitig die Kosten zu senken.
Wettbewerb in der GKV: Kein Allheilmittel, aber wirksames Instrument
Authors: Pfeiffer Doris 
Published: September 2013

EinleitungWettbewerb ist ein fundamentales Element unserer marktwirtschaftlichen Ordnung und zugleich anerkannter Teil des gesellschaftlichen Wertesystems. Spätestens seit dem „Kompromiss von Lahnstein“ ist dieses positive Wettbewerbsverständnis auch in der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) verbreitet. Zugleich bilden die Phänomene der asymmetrischen Information, der eingeschränkten Fähigkeit zur rationalen Entscheidung durch Krankheit sowie gesellschaftliche Anforderungen an die Allokationsergebnisse im „Gesundheitsmarkt“ die Grenzen dieses Wettbewerbs. Wettbewerbliche Steuerung in der GKV kann daher nicht als Allheilmittel gelten, aber sehr wohl als wichtiges Instrument, um effizientere Faktoreinsätze und eine bessere Ergebnisqualität zu erzielen. Aus Sicht der GKV bieten sich für wettbewerbliche Öffnungen einige Handlungsfelder an, z.B. die Ausschreibung von planbaren Krankenhausleistungen.
Ökonomisierung oder Kommerzialisierung der Gesundheitsversorgung
Authors: Porzsolt Franz 
Published: September 2013

Einleitung
Im Gesundheitssystem ist zwischen Ökonomisierung, d.h. dem Abwägen zwischen Aufwand und Ertrag, und der Kommerzialisierung, d.h. dem Streben nach Gewinn zu unterscheiden. Die Ökonomisierung dient der Optimierung der Ergebnisse für die Patienten, die Kommerzialisierung der Optimierung der Ergebnisse für alle anderen Akteure des Systems oder deren Unternehmen. Jeder Akteur im Gesundheitssystem verfolgt primäre und sekundäre Ziele. Interessenskonflikte entstehen, wenn primäre und sekundäre Ziele vertauscht werden. Deshalb sind die von den Akteuren genannten und die von den Patienten empfundenen Ziele gegeneinander abzuwägen.