bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuraminidase Inhibitors for Critically Ill Children With Influenza
Authors: Louie Janice K. , Yang Samuel , Samuel Michael C. , Uyeki Timothy M. , Schechter Robert 
Published: November 2013

OBJECTIVE:
Timely treatment with neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) drugs appears to improve survival in adults hospitalized with influenza. We analyzed California surveillance data to determine whether NAI treatment improves survival in critically ill children with influenza.

METHODS:
We analyzed data abstracted from medical records to characterize the outcomes of patients aged 0 to 17 years hospitalized in ICUs with laboratory-confirmed influenza from April 3, 2009, through September 30, 2012.

RESULTS:
Seven hundred eighty-four influenza cases aged &lt;18 years hospitalized in ICUs had information on treatment. Ninety percent (532 of 591) of cases during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic (April 3, 2009–August 31, 2010) received NAI treatment compared with 63% (121 of 193) of cases in the postpandemic period (September 1, 2010–September 30, 2012; P &lt; .0001). Of 653 cases NAI-treated, 38 (6%) died compared with 11 (8%) of 131 untreated cases (odds ratio = 0.67, 95% confidence interval: 0.34–1.36). In a multivariate model that included receipt of mechanical ventilation and other factors associated with disease severity, the estimated risk of death was reduced in NAI-treated cases (odds ratio 0.36, 95% confidence interval: 0.16–0.83). Treatment within 48 hours of illness onset was significantly associated with survival (P = .04). Cases with NAI treatment initiated earlier in illness were less likely to die.

CONCLUSIONS:
Prompt treatment with NAIs may improve survival of children critically ill with influenza. Recent decreased frequency of NAI treatment of influenza may be placing untreated critically ill children at an increased risk of death.
Breast Cancer in Young Women in Latin America: An Unmet, Growing Burden
Authors: Villarreal-Garza Cynthia , Aguila Christian , Magallanes-Hoyos Maria C. , Mohar Alejandro , Bargalló Enrique , Meneses Abelardo , Cazap Eduardo , Gomez Henry , López-Carrillo Lizbeth , Chávarri-Guerra Yanin , Murillo Raúl , Barrios Carlos 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background.
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of malignancy-related deaths among women aged ≤45 years. There are unexplored and uncertain issues for BC in this particular group in Latin America. The aim of this study is to evaluate BC incidence and mortality among young women and related clinicopathological and survivorship aspects in this region.

Materials and Methods.
Data were obtained from Globocan 2008 and the International Agency for Research on Cancer's Cancer Incidence in Five Continents series plus databases. We requested collaboration from the 12 different national cancer institutes in Latin America through SLACOM, the Latin American and Caribbean Society of Medical Oncology, and conducted a systematic literature review to obtain local data regarding the prevalence of BC among young women and their characteristics, outcomes, and survivorship-related issues.

Results.
BC incidence and mortality proportions for Latin American women aged &lt;44 years were higher when compared with those of developed countries (20% vs. 12% and 14% vs. 7%, respectively). We found only a few Latin American series addressing this topic, and prevalence varied between 8% and 14%. Stage II and III disease, high histological grade, and triple-negative and HER2 BC were features frequently observed among young Latin American BC patients.

Conclusion.
The rising incidence and mortality of BC in young Latin American women is a call to action in the region. It is necessary to monitor the epidemiological and clinical data through reliable cancer registries and to consider the implementation of protocols for education of patients and health professionals. This unmet, growing burden must be considered as a top priority of the national programs in the fight against BC, and models of specialized units should be implemented for this particular group of patients to provide better care for this emergent challenge.
Economic Evaluation of Oil and Gas Project Acknowledging Reserves Risk Premium
Authors: Ali Memon Imtiaz , Yousaf Muhammad , Wadood Abdul , Ahmed Javed , Qureshi Abdul Qayyum 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Petroleum economics is a part of back bone of Oil and Gas industry. This encompasses all aspects of industry like Exploration, Subsurface, Production, Process Engineering, which are translated into financial numbers and analysed through statistical tools.
Considering WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) as the benchmark, oil companies’ management make decisions to develop/undeveloped the projects with a critical review of company's MARR (Minimum Accepted ROR). A firm's WACC is the overall required return on the firm as a whole and, as such, it is often used internally by company to determine the economic feasibility of expansionary opportunities, divestments, acquisitions, farm-in, farm-out and mergers etc.
WACC/MARR is a weighted average cost of capital of two financial components which are Equity and Debt calculated by using CAPM (capital asset pricing model) method and corporate tax considerations respectively.
The cost of debt (effective rate) that a company pays on its current debt is determined on Btax and Atax basis. Whilst CAPM model is used to calculate cost of equity i.e. Risk Free Rate + Beta × Market Risk Premium
This phenomenon relates to all industries. However, in oil industry the Reserves Risk Premium is an important factor for economic evaluation of the matured projects under the guidelines of SPE-PRMS.
This paper is an effort to seek validity and effect of Reserves Risk Premium quantified from P90, P50 and P10 cumulative reserves estimated cases and added to CAPM model to calculate cost of equity of project.
Economic Evaluation of a project is undertaken based on 1P, 2P and 3P reserves categories after finding their conventional WACC with addition to Reserves Risk Premium. WACC of corporate level and project level (based on 1P, 2P and 3P) was compared and impact of Reserves Risk Premium was determined.
In Vitro Elution Characteristics of Gentamicin and Vancomycin from Synthetic Bone Graft Substitutes
Authors: Maier Gerrit Steffen , Roth Klaus Edgar , Andereya Stefan , Birnbaum Klaus , Niedhart Christopher , Lühmann Markus , Ohnsorge Jörg , Maus Uwe 
Published: November 2013

Objects:Beta tricalciumphosphate pellets loaded with individualized antibiotics may represent novel options in the treatment of osteomyelitis and infectious bone disease. Here, the in vitro antibiotic elution of vancomycin and gentamicin from the synthetic bone graft substitutes Cerasorb®and Cerasorb M®was tested.Methods:Antibiotic elution and concentration of gentamcin and vancomycin were measured using photometrically-based measurement and homogeneous particle-enhanced turbidimetric inhibition immunoassays (PETINIA).Results:Initially both materials showed a high release of the loaded antibiotics, with Cerasorb M®showing lower release levels for gentamicin and vancomycin than Cerasorb®. Gentamicin concentrations of Cerasorb M granules and Cerasorb were below the minimum detectiontreshold until day four and six of the experiment respectively. The vancomycin release-level followed a similar pattern, although the vancomycin concentration eluted by Cerasorb M®granules stayed above the detection threshold during the experimental time.Conclusions:Cerasorb®and Cersorb M®may represent a new treatment option in osteomyelitis and infectious bone disease.
DFT calculation and assignment of vibrational spectra of aryl and alkyl chlorophosphates
Authors: Anishchenko Viktor , Rybachenko Vladimir , Chotiy Konstantin , Redko Andrey 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
DFT calculations of vibrational spectra of chlorophosphates using wide range of basis sets and hybrid functionals were performed. Good agreement between calculated and experimental vibrational spectra was reached by the combination of non-empirical functional PBE0 with both middle and large basis sets. The frequencies of the stretching vibrations of the phosphate group calculated using semi-empirical functional B3LYP for all basis sets deviate significantly from the experimental values. The number of polarization functions on heavy atoms was shown to be a key factor for the calculation of vibrational frequencies of organophosphates. The importance of consideration of all the stable rotamers for a complete assignment of fundamental modes was shown.
Effect of oxidation of nitride coatings on corrosion properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in 0.9% NaCl at 40°C
Authors: Pohrelyuk Iryna , Tkachuk Oleh , Proskurnyak Roman 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The corrosion properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with oxidized thermodiffusion nitride coatings were investigated in isotonic 0.9% solution of NaCl at temperature of 40°C. It was shown that modification of nitride coatings by oxygen leads to a deterioration of the protective properties of nitrided surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The protective properties of the alloy with nitride coatings modified by oxygen are determined by the composition of formed surface oxynitride film.
Application of NRTL activity coefficient model to describe the kinetics of gas adsorption
Authors: Nieszporek Krzysztof , Banach Tomasz , Podkościelny Przemywslaw 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The Non-Random Two-Liquid activity coefficient model is applied to describe the kinetics of pure gas adsorption on energetically heterogeneous solid surfaces. The surface energetic heterogeneity has been represented by the Gaussian-like function of the adsorption energy distribution. Two different kinetic isotherms have been presented. One of them, determined by using the statistical rate theory, has been critically discussed. The applicability of the presented approach has been demonstrated by a quantitative analysis of two sets of experimental data previously reported in the literature.
Cooligomerization of dominant monomers of C9 fraction of liquid pyrolysis products: comparison of heterogeneous catalytic approach with common methods
Authors: Voronchak Taras , Nykulyshyn Irena , Pikh Zorian , Rypka Anna , Gnativ Zoriana 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Cooligomerization of liquid products of the C9 fraction of diesel fuel pyrolysis to produce cooligomers of wide application is suggested to be carried out with silica-alumina catalysts, among which the activated bentonite clay seems to be optimal. Cooligomerization of the mixture simulating the C9 fraction composition was studied to compare the suggested heterogeneous catalytic method with other methods of cooligomers production. Different methods have been compared in terms of yield of cooligomers and their properties, namely molecular weight and its distribution, density, unsaturation and colour. The ratio of monomer units in cooligomer has been determined and the monomers conversion degrees have been calculated for different cooligomerization methods. Reasons of structure and composition differences of cooligomers obtained by different methods are suggested.
Ultrafiltration of oil-in-water emulsion by using ceramic membrane: Taguchi experimental design approach
Authors: Milić Jania , Petrinić Irena , Goršek Andreja , Simonič Marjana 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this study, a Taguchi experimental design methodology was used to determine the importance of process parameters influencing the ultrafiltration (UF) of oil-in-water emulsions. Four parameters including pH (5–11), oil concentration (φ) (0.5–3% (v/v)), temperature (T) (25–45°C) and trans-membrane pressure (TMP) (1–5 bar) were studied at three levels. The highest flux was used as optimization criterion. In order to reduce the number of experiments, a Taguchi method was applied. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the most significant parameters affecting the optimization criterion.
Filtration experiments were performed in a cross-flow operation at a total recycle condition in a laboratory-scale plant. The ceramic UF membrane with a pore size of 50 nm was employed in a tubular module with an active area of 0,418 m2. We used water-soluble cutting oil mixed with water as a model oil-in-water emulsion. During the experiment, the drop size and zeta potential distributions were evaluated.
The optimum conditions for UF providing the highest flux were found at TMP = 5 bar, pH = 7, and φ = 0.5 v/v%. The pH of emulsion had the highest impact on COD retention. The results of this study could be used as a guideline for operating UF systems with ceramic membranes at optimal conditions.
Les dispositifs publics pour la jeunesse en Angleterre de 1997 à 2010 [Vers une politique fondée sur les objectifs chiffrés]
Authors: Pickard Sarah 
Published: November 2013

Youth Policy in England, 1997-2010 : a shift towards performance targets.
This article analyses youth policy in England during the Labour governments of 1997-2010. It first describes the national political context which led to the creation of a new type of youth policy and public services for young people centred on the reduction of social exclusion. Next the article deals with the institutional changes made in order to implement a new more holistic type of youth policy. Then there is an analysis of the four main new youth policies and provisions implemented by Labour, particularly in relation to the introduction by the government of precise performance targets.
Monitoring differentiated thyroid cancer patients with negative serum thyroglobulin
Authors: Nam H.-Y. , Chung J.-K. , Kang K.W. , Cheon G.J. , Kim Y. , Park D.J. , Park Y.J. , Min H.S. , Lee D.S. , Paeng J.C. 
Published: November 2013

Summary
Aim: Serum antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) has been reported as a surrogate marker for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in some conditions. We investigated changes in serum TgAb levels after stimulation with thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH) and the clinical implications for monitoring DTC. Patients, methods: We retrospectively enrolled 53 DTC patients who had undergone total thyroidectomy and were negative for serum Tg and positive for TgAb. Patients underwent highdose radioactive iodine treatment, and serum TgAb was measured before (TgAbBAS) and after TSH stimulation (TgAbSTIM). TgAb was followed up 6 to 12 months later (TgAbF/U). The change in TgAb after TSH stimulation ΔTgAb- STIM) was calculated as a percentage of the baseline level. Patient disease status was classified into no residual disease (ND) and residual or recurred disease (RD) by follow-up imaging studies and pathologic data. The characteristics and diagnostic value of serum TgAb levels and ΔTgAbST|M were investigated with respect to disease status. Results: 38 patients were in the ND group and 15 were in the RD group. TgAbBAS, TgAbSTIM and TgAbF/U were significantly higher in the RD compared to the ND group (p = 0.0008, 0.0002, and < 0.0001, respectively). ΔTgAbSTIM was also significantly higher in the RD group (p = 0.0009). In the patients who presented with obviously high (> 50%) or low (< -50%) ΔTgAbSTIM, the proportions in the RD group were markedly different at 100% and 7%, respectively. ΔTgAbSTIM had significant diagnostic value for RD (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The change in serum TgAb level after TSH stimulation is different between the RD and ND groups, and thus, it may be used as a surrogate diagnostic marker for DTC when the serum Tg is negative and TgAb is positive.
Phylogenetic lineages in Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) associated with Burkholderia bacteria in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Verstraete Brecht , Janssens Steven , Lemaire Benny , Smets Erik , Dessein Steven 
Published: November 2013

• Premise of the study: It is well known that mutualistic bacteria can provide substantial benefits to their host plants. However, ‘how,’ ‘why,’ and the possible applications of such an interaction are only second to the questions ‘who is involved?’, and ‘where does it occur?’. In the coffee family (Rubiaceae), certain species closely interact with endophytic leaf bacteria that are freely distributed among the mesophyll cells. This type of interaction was recently discovered in South Africa. Our aim is to document the bacterial diversity associated with Rubiaceae (‘who’) and to establish the geographic range of the interaction (‘where’).• Methods: Representatives of the Vanguerieae tribe in Rubiaceae were investigated for the presence of endophytes with special emphasis on the distributional range of the plant‐bacteria association by collecting specimens from different African regions.• Key results: The interaction is found in five genera and is restricted to three major host lineages. The endophytic bacteria belong to the genus Burkholderia and are part of the plant‐associated beneficial and environmental group. Some endophytes are similar to B. caledonica, B. graminis, B. phenoliruptrix or B. phytofirmans, while others are classified in OTUs that show no similarity with any previously described Burkholderia species of bacteria.• Conclusions: The association is not obligate from the bacterial point of view and is considered a loose and recent interaction, which is demonstrated by the fact that there is no evidence for coevolution. The geographical distribution of the association is restricted by the distributional range of the host plants covering the whole of sub‐Saharan Africa.
Entre pères gays et mères porteuses
Authors: Gratton Emmanuel 
Published: November 2013

La paternité gay s’est tout d’abord émancipée du modèle bioconjugal de la famille, puis s’est affranchie d’un destin homosexuel. Aujourd’hui, avec le recours à la gestation pour autrui, elle se libère même de la présence d’une mère. De plus en plus de couples gays envisagent de pouvoir devenir pères sans « femme » tout comme des couples lesbiens sont devenues mères sans homme grâce aux procréations médicalement assistées. À partir du discours de ces hommes, en situation individuelle ou collective, il s’agit de comprendre leurs motivations et les enjeux que ce mode d’accès à la parentalité représente, sachant qu’il est coûteux, risqué, moralement réprouvé et juridiquement interdit. Il s’agit aussi de définir la nature de l’alliance qui s’opère entre ces pères gays et ces mères porteuses.
La Grèce avant la raison
Authors: Hénaff Marcel 
Published: November 2013

L’archaïque n’est pas simplement un antécédent, qui annoncerait l’avènement du classique. Pour mieux comprendre ce qu’est la Grèce archaïque, il faut renoncer à la nostalgie du classique, comme le dit Ricœur, mais aussi se demander, avec les anthropologues, ce qu’est une culture « archaïque ».
Grèce archaïque, Grèce classique : artifices d'une opposition
Authors: Judet de La Combe Pierre , Béja Alice , Fœssel Michaël 
Published: November 2013

L’opposition entre une Grèce classique rationnelle et sans dieux et une Grèce archaïque dominée par le mythe et la pensée pré-logique est une construction datée : les Présocratiques, les Tragiques décrivent déjà un monde « moderne » et pensent en termes mondiaux.
Au-delà du normal et de l'anormal. Hypothèses sur l'homme néolibéral
Authors: Di Vittorio Pierangelo 
Published: November 2013

Du point de vue de la rationalité politique moderne, notamment de ce que Michel Foucault a appelé « biopolitique », normaliser et sécuriser sont synonymes. Le but étant d’améliorer le corps social, la stratégie consiste à reconnaître que dans chaque phénomène se manifestent des normalités différentielles, et à faire en sorte que les normalités moins normales soit ramenées vers les normalités plus normales. Le biopouvoir est un intensificateur de normalité, et sécuriser revient à produire une escalade calculée de la normalité. La rationalité biopolitique néolibérale reconduit cette logique, suivant l’idée qu’il faut gérer coûte que coûte le « capital humain » des populations. Pourtant, l’obéissance à cet impératif gestionnaire semble entraîner une dégradation systématisée allant dans la direction d’une sorte de mutation anthropologique : pour être de plus en plus normal, l’homme néolibéral ne peut que « délirer » de manière constante et délibérée, aussi bien sur le plan politique que sur le plan subjectif.
La normalité en Chine : construction et déconstruction d'un imaginaire
Authors: Comentale Christophe 
Published: November 2013

Depuis son ouverture au libéralisme économique international, la Chine (re)commence à sérieusement intriguer et inquiéter l’imaginaire collectif occidental. Les traditionnelles approches qui la font apparaître merveilleuse et horrible depuis plusieurs siècles ont fluctué avec les changements sociaux. Mais le peuple chinois n’apparaît pas encore normal au grand nombre ! Qu’est-ce que la normalité ? Une approche de cette civilisation à travers des images liées aux mythes fondateurs permet un début de clarification sur le décodage des images...
La science du transfert
Authors: Calais Vincent 
Published: November 2013

Nous avons choisi dans cet article de situer la dialectique de la croyance et de la persuasion dans le cadre plus général de la question du transfert (et donc de l’amour) en tant que la question en est posée par la psychanalyse (en théorie et en pratique), mais sur le fond d’une tradition historique dans laquelle Freud s’est expressément inscrit. Partant de la distinction entre sujet politique, sujet de l’inconscient et sujet du transfert, nous cherchons à mettre en évidence, à partir mais en dehors du champ strictement psychanalytique, la représentation du transfert (par exemple dans le discours de Paul ou de Socrate), et l’ usage du transfert (dans l’ordre politique ou dans la perversion). Nous esquissons, à travers cette reprise du concept de transfert, les contours d’une « science du transfert », foncièrement multiple, culturellement définie, historiquement discontinue, dont les avatars sont consubstantiels au processus civilisationnel de subjectivation/socialisation. C’est cette science du transfert qui permet au sujet de se repérer, ou au contraire de s’égarer, dans les jeux de la croyance et de la persuasion inhérents à la vie sociale.
Les raisons de croire
Authors: Barus-Michel Jacqueline 
Published: November 2013

Il s’agit dans cet article de montrer que la pensée ne va pas sans l’acte de croire. L’un et l’autre s’attachent à cerner la réalité pour en trouver le sens. Si le sens est une construction du sujet qui ne saisit cette réalité qu’à travers les représentations qu’il s’en donne, il a besoin d’attribuer des intentions à toute réalité dans l’espoir de se la concilier, de la maîtriser ou de se garantir de l’absurde et de l’angoisse que traîne l’absence de raison. Si la science recherche les lois, elle ne délivre pas de signification, les croyances y suppléent et soutiennent toutes les représentations qu’elles soient sociales ou individuelles, raisonnables ou inconscientes ; ce sont les grilles à travers lesquelles on perçoit et on connaît, ce sont les désirs qui nous animent. Les cultures imposent leurs systèmes avec plus ou moins de force, de violence, jouent sur l’angoisse et excluent avec plus ou moins de violence ceux qui ne semblent pas croire de la même façon. Le désir de croire reste vif, c’est croire le fantasme exaucé, l’angoisse abaissée et une certaine jouissance permise. Derrière toute croyance n’y a-t-il pas la figure du Père ? Freud voit dans le besoin de croire celui d’être guidé et pardonné par celui qui habite nos fantasmes depuis l’orée de l’humanité, fournit de l’idéal du moi en même temps qu’il nourrit l’unité du groupe... aux dépens de l’autonomie du sujet.