bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P‐239: Late‐News Poster: Modeling Particle Deposition in Evaporating Colloidal Droplets
Authors: Ko Minjeong , James Richard , Koo Jahoon , Cho Hyunguk 
Published: July 2024

Inkjet printing is a cost‐effective method of particle deposition applicable, for example, in the manufacture of Quantum Dot (QD) color filters. However, it is a challenge to achieve uniform deposition of particles because evaporating colloidal dispersions are prone to the coffee‐ring effect.When the particle size is small, it is difficult to gauge directly by experiment how particles migrate during the evaporation process. Consequently, it is a challenge to optimize the process conditions to improve uniformity by experiment alone. To aid in this task, we have developed a simulator for colloidal droplet evaporation. Rather than use an effective particle concentration field as in previous works, motion of each individual particle is calculated by Stokesian Dynamics, with particle interactions governed by the DLVO theory. In order to facilitate the simulation of large collections of particles, GPU computing is applied to reduce the simulation time.A phase‐field approach is taken to capture the interface physics at the solvent‐air interface. Within a colloidal droplet we find that, by controlling the temperature, it is possible to promote Marangoni flow and, in turn, improve deposition uniformity. In future, we aim to use simulation to further optimize the process conditions, such as the chamber pressure and temperature, in order maximize uniformity.
Laminating Layered Structures of 2D MXene and Graphene Oxide for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Wei Xing , Zhang Zhijiang , Wei Bingqing , Zhang Qing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO)‐based all‐solid‐state supercapacitors (SCs) provide an important complement to liquid‐ and gel‐electrolyte‐based SCs in a variety of applications, including flexible electronics. Still, their mediocre capacitance and complex fabrication methods hold back the realization of their full potential. Here, a simple fabrication of all‐solid‐state SCs with layered GO as a solid electrolyte and MXene as electrodes is demonstrated. The resultant SCs show excellent energy storage capacitance comparable to other MXene‐based SCs using liquid electrolytes. The outperformance is attributed to extra interlayer spacing expansion and improved ion transport kinetics thanks to a synergistic water‐absorbing effect due to the hydrophilicity of both MXene and GO in combination, which interestingly satisfies the intrinsic surface‐dominated pseudocapacitive behavior of MXene. The application of this SC in humidity sensing has also been demonstrated to be fast responsive. The findings describe in this work provide a means of improving the capacitance performance using GO as a solid electrolyte with MXene as the electrodes and exploit the potential application as electronic elements for smart devices.
Sustained Area‐Selectivity in Atomic Layer Deposition of Ir Films: Utilization of Dual Effects of O3 in Deposition and Etching
Authors: Kim Han , Kim Taeseok , Chung Hong Keun , Jeon Jihoon , Kim Sung‐Chul , Won Sung Ok , Harada Ryosuke , Tsugawa Tomohiro , Kim Sangtae , Kim Seong Keun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractArea‐selective deposition (ASD) based on self‐aligned technology has emerged as a promising solution for resolving misalignment issues during ultrafine patterning processes. Despite its potential, the problems of area‐selectivity losing beyond a certain thickness remain critical in ASD applications. This study reports a novel approach to sustain the area‐selectivity of Ir films as the thickness increases. Ir films are deposited on Al2O3 as the growth area and SiO2 as the non‐growth area using atomic‐layer‐deposition with tricarbonyl‐(1,2,3‐η)‐1,2,3‐tri(tert‐butyl)‐cyclopropenyl‐iridium and O3. O3 exhibits a dual effect, facilitating both deposition and etching. In the steady‐state growth regime, O3 solely contributes to deposition, whereas in the initial growth stages, longer exposure to O3 etches the initially formed isolated Ir nuclei through the formation of volatile IrO3. Importantly, longer O3 exposure is required for the initial etching on the growth area(Al2O3) compared to the non‐growth area(SiO2). By controlling the O3 injection time, the area selectivity is sustained even above a thickness of 25 nm by suppressing nucleation on the non‐growth area. These findings shed light on the fundamental mechanisms of ASD using O3 and offer a promising avenue for advancing thin‐film technologies. Furthermore, this approach holds promise for extending ASD to other metals susceptible to forming volatile species.
Liquid Metal‐Enabled Tunable Synthesis of Nanoporous Polycrystalline Copper for Selective CO2‐to‐Formate Electrochemical Conversion
Authors: Zhong Wenyu , Chi Yuan , Yu Ruohan , Kong Charlie , Zhou Shujie , Han Chen , Vongsvivut Jitraporn , Mao Guangzhao , Kalantar‐Zadeh Kourosh , Amal Rose , Tang Jianbo , Lu Xunyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCopper‐based catalysts exhibit high activity in electrochemical CO2 conversion to value‐added chemicals. However, achieving precise control over catalysts design to generate narrowly distributed products remains challenging. Herein, a gallium (Ga) liquid metal‐based approach is employed to synthesize hierarchical nanoporous copper (HNP Cu) catalysts with tailored ligament/pore and crystallite sizes. The nanoporosity and polycrystallinity are generated by dealloying intermetallic CuGa2 formed after immersing pristine Cu foil in liquid Ga in a basic or acidic solution. The liquid metal‐based approach allows for the transformation of monocrystalline Cu to the polycrystalline HNP Cu with enhanced CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) performance. The dealloyed HNP Cu catalyst with suitable crystallite size (22.8 nm) and nanoporous structure (ligament/pore size of 45 nm) exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency of 91% toward formate production under an applied potential as low as −0.3 VRHE. The superior CO2RR performance can be ascribed to the enlarged electrochemical catalytic surface area, the generation of preferred Cu facets, and the rich grain boundaries by polycrystallinity. This work demonstrates the potential of liquid metal‐based synthesis for improving catalysts performance based on structural design, without increasing compositional complexity.
Full Picture of Lattice Deformation in a Ge1 − xSnx Micro‐Disk by 5D X‐ray Diffraction Microscopy
Authors: Corley‐Wiciak Cedric , Zoellner Marvin H. , Corley‐Wiciak Agnieszka A. , Rovaris Fabrizio , Zatterin Edoardo , Zaitsev Ignatii , Sfuncia Gianfranco , Nicotra Giuseppe , Spirito Davide , von den Driesch Nils , Manganelli Costanza L. , Marzegalli Anna , Schulli Tobias U. , Buca Dan , Montalenti Francesco , Capellini Giovanni , Richter Carsten 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLattice strain in crystals can be exploited to effectively tune their physical properties. In microscopic structures, experimental access to the full strain tensor with spatial resolution at the (sub‐)micrometer scale is at the same time very interesting and challenging. In this work, how scanning X‐ray diffraction microscopy, an emerging model‐free method based on synchrotron radiation, can shed light on the complex, anisotropic deformation landscape within three dimensional (3D) microstructures is shown. This technique allows the reconstruction of all lattice parameters within any type of crystal with submicron spatial resolution and requires no sample preparation. Consequently, the local state of deformation can be fully quantified. Exploiting this capability, all components of the strain tensor in a suspended, strained Ge1 − xSnx /Ge microdisk are mapped. Subtle elastic deformations are unambiguously correlated with structural defects, 3D microstructure geometry, and chemical variations, as verified by comparison with complementary electron microscopy and finite element simulations. The methodology described here is applicable to a wide range of fields, from bioengineering to metallurgy and semiconductor research.
Tackling CO2 Loss in Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction by Advanced Material and Electrolyzer Design
Authors: Yang Yue , He Fan , Lv Xiangzhou , Liu Qian , Wu Angjian , Qi Zhifu , Wu Hao Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECO2R) has been considered as a promising approach to convert CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels. CO2 loss in conventional alkaline electrolyzers has been recognized as a major obstacle that compromising the efficiency of the ECO2R system. This review firstly conducts an in‐depth assessment of the origin and influence of CO2 loss. On this basis, this work summarizes electrolyzer configurations based on novel material and structure design that are capable of tackling CO2 loss, including acidic electrolyzer, bipolar membrane (BPM) derived electrolyzer, cascade electrolyzer, liquid‐phase‐anode electrolyzer, and liquid‐fed electrolyzer. The design strategies and challenges of these carbon efficient electrolyzers have been deliberated in detail. By comparing and analyzing the advantages and limitations of various electrolyzer designs, this work aims to provide some guidelines for the development of efficient ECO2R technology toward large‐scale industrial application.
Students' awareness and conceptions of science‐related communication mechanisms on social media
Authors: Kresin Soraya , Kremer Kerstin , Nehring Andreas , Büssing Alexander Georg 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe rise of social media platforms and subsequent lack of traditional gatekeeping mechanisms have enabled the proliferation of scientific disinformation. Users attempting to properly evaluate scientific information and disinformation are immensely obstructed by media communication mechanisms such as filter bubbles and echo chambers. Given the recent approaches to reconceptualizing the nature of science represented by facets of media communication mechanisms, we report results from seven focus groups of 26 tenth‐grade students (M = 15 years; 58% female, 38% male, 4% nonbinary) investigating such mechanisms as applied to climate change content on social media. Using qualitative content analysis, we identified the students' awareness and conceptions of mechanisms such as filter bubbles and echo chambers on a continuum between rather simple and elaborate. The findings suggest that the students have a general awareness of most mechanisms based on their own experiences and describe additional media communication mechanisms, such as bots, microtargeting, and, particularly, algorithms, which appear specifically relevant in dealing with scientific disinformation on social media. Based on the results, we derive a set of needs for science educational learning materials and science media literacy to prepare students to tackle scientific disinformation on social media.
Investigating the influence of varying water regimes on the growth and development and nutritional water productivity of bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.)
Authors: Rumani Muneiwa , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe , Mandizvo Takudzwa , Ramabulana Anza‐Tshilidzi , Madala Ntakadzeni Edwin , Ramphinwa Maanea Lonia , Magwaza Lembe Samukelo , Mudau Fhatuwani Nixwell 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.) is an indigenous shrub of South Africa known for its medicinal properties. However, due to a lack of comprehensive information to develop suitable irrigation management strategies, the cultivation of bush tea is currently limited to small‐scale operations. Considering this limitation, the current research investigated the effect of water regimes on the growth and development, yield, and nutrient content along with its nutritional water productivity (NWP) under field conditions. The treatment consisted of a crop water requirement (ETa) of 100%, 30%, and the control (stress) in a complete randomized block design (CRBD). Each treatment was replicated three times to ensure robustness and accuracy of the findings. Results demonstrated that the highest gravimetric moisture content readings were found in the control treatment and the lowest in the 100% treatment. Conversely, the 30% ETa treatment significantly (p < 0.05) impacted bush tea's growth, development, productivity, and NWP. However, it was observed that the 100% ETa treatment resulted in a higher biomass yield (259.1 kg/ha) compared to the 30% ETa treatment (171.2 kg/ha) and control (stress) (68.2 kg/ha). The water productivity exhibited notable differences across the varying water regimes. These findings contribute valuable insights for developing appropriate irrigation management strategies to overcome existing limitations in the scale of bush tea production. The research lays the groundwork for future studies and practical applications aimed to foster the sustainable cultivation of bush tea in South Africa.
Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological findings of a congenital hypomyelinating leukodystrophy in a Holstein Friesian calf
Authors: Planas Carles , van de Poel Nyke C. , Dimmendaal Sanne , Weerts Erik , Hut Peter , Santifort Koen , Veraa Stefanie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA 12‐day‐old, male Holstein Friesian calf was presented to the hospital due to progressive ataxia and tremors since birth. A diffuse central nervous system disorder primarily affecting white matter was suspected based on clinical neurological examination. Blood tests were unremarkable, except for positive serology for Schmallenberg virus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated severe, diffuse abnormalities primarily affecting the white matter regions of the encephalon and cranial cervical spinal cord, consistent with leukoencephalomyelopathy. Euthanasia was performed at 8 weeks of age after no clinical improvement. A postmortem examination was performed. Histopathological examination of the central nervous system revealed changes compatible with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, with no signs of infectious agents observed. The disorder was considered most likely to be hereditary, as Schmallenberg virus infections during pregnancy in cattle have not been reported to result in such clinical, magnetic resonance imaging or histopathological findings, and no viral genomic material was identified with polymerase chain reaction.
Resilient riverine social–ecological systems: A new paradigm to meet global conservation targets
Authors: Perry Denielle , Praskievicz Sarah , McManamay Ryan , Saxena Alark , Grimm Kerry , Zegre Nicolas , Bair Lucas , Ruddell Benjamin L. , Rushforth Richard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe United Nations' Convention on Biological Diversity set forth the 30 × 30 target, an agenda for countries to protect at least 30% of their terrestrial, inland water, and coastal and marine areas by 2030. With <6 years to reach that goal, riverine conservation professionals are faced with the difficult decision of prioritizing which rivers or river segments should be conserved (protected and/or restored). While incorporating resilience into conservation planning is essential for enhancing, restoring, and maintaining the vital riverine ecosystem services (ES) most threatened by climate change and other environmental and human stresses, this paradigm is at odds with traditional conservation approaches that are either opportunistic or reactionary, where only unique and highly visible ecosystems have been prioritized. Barriers to implementing resilience‐based riverine conservation planning include: (1) difficulties in conceptualizing and quantifying resilience; (2) insufficient consideration of the social components of riverine systems; (3) the inapplicability of terrestrial‐only conservation models to aquatic systems; and (4) the traditional ad hoc and opportunistic approach to conservation. To overcome these barriers, we propose a resilience‐based riverine conservation framework that includes: (1) assessing riverine resilience using indicator frameworks; (2) considering rivers as dynamically coupled social–ecological systems; (3) explicitly incorporating terrestrial–aquatic network connectivity into conservation decision‐making; and (4) strategic systems planning using a novel resilience–conservation matrix as a tool. This framework has the potential to transform conservation practices around the globe to more effectively protect river systems and enhance their resilience to climate change and human development.This article is categorized under:
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Human Water > Water Governance
Clinical effectiveness of transaxillary single‐port endoscopic surgery in the treatment of breast benign tumor
Authors: Yang Qingyu , Wang Qinbo , Li Zongyan , Fu Xiaoyan , Chen Zuxiao , Li Haiyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundBenign breast lumps affect 10% of women in their lifetimes. Endoscopic surgery could be an alternative surgical technique for benign breast tumors because it is performed through small wounds hidden in inconspicuous areas. The aim of this study was to explore the safety and esthetic effects of endoscopic surgery in the treatment of benign breast disease.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed 363 patients with benign breast tumors from August 2021 to December 2023 in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen University, of whom 118 underwent transaxillary single‐port endoscopic surgery and 245 underwent traditional open surgery. Clinicopathologic characteristics, surgery type, hospital stay, and complications were analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the procedure for benign breast tumors.ResultsBreast tumor resection was successfully performed in 363 patients by endoscopic surgery or traditional open surgery. Endoscopic procedures demonstrated longer durations of surgery (98.54 ± 35.17 min vs. 70.28 ± 26.06 min, p < 0.01) and postoperative drainage (64.30 ± 34.92 mL vs.18.49 ± 19.86 mL, p < 0.01), but there was less blood loss. The nipple‐areolar complex of the patients who underwent endoscopic resection was significantly more sensitive than the traditional open surgery group. Patients in the endoscopic group reported higher satisfaction with surgical outcome (13.10 ± 1.97 vs. 12.63 ± 1.90, p < 0.01). And there was a significant difference in the wound scar and cosmetic outcome total score between the two groups.ConclusionTransaxillary single‐port endoscopic surgery is effective and safe and improves postoperative nipple‐areolar sensation and cosmetic outcome, as compared to the conventional technique.
Synthetic lethality between toxic amino acids, RTG‐target genes and chaperones in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Druseikis Marina E. , Covo Shay 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe toxicity of non‐proteinogenic amino acids has been known for decades. Numerous reports describe their antimicrobial/anticancer potential. However, these molecules are often toxic to the host as well; thus, a synthetic lethality approach that reduces the dose of these toxins while maintaining toxicity can be beneficial. Here we investigate synthetic lethality between toxic amino acids, the retrograde pathway, and molecular chaperones. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mitochondrial retrograde (RTG) pathway activation induces transcription of RTG‐target genes to replenish alpha‐ketoglutarate and its downstream product glutamate; both metabolites are required for arginine and lysine biosynthesis. We previously reported that tolerance of canavanine, a toxic arginine derivative, requires an intact RTG pathway, and low‐dose canavanine exposure reduces the expression of RTG‐target genes. Here we show that only a few of the examined chaperone mutants are sensitive to sublethal doses of canavanine. To predict synthetic lethality potential between RTG‐target genes and chaperones, we measured the expression of RTG‐target genes in canavanine‐sensitive and canavanine‐tolerant chaperone mutants. Most RTG‐target genes were induced in all chaperone mutants starved for arginine; the same trend was not observed under lysine starvation. Canavanine exposure under arginine starvation attenuated and even reversed RTG‐target‐gene expression in the tested chaperone mutants. Importantly, under nearly all tested genetic and pharmacological conditions, the expression of IDH1 and/or IDH2 was induced. In agreement, idh1 and idh2 mutants are sensitive to canavanine and thialysine and show synthetic growth inhibition with chaperone mutants. Overall, we show that inhibiting molecular chaperones, RTG‐target genes, or both can sensitize cells to low doses of toxic amino acids.
AI-Driven Business Model Innovation: Pioneering New Frontiers in Value Creation
Authors: Aagaard Annabeth , Tucci Christopher 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter delves into the transformative impact of AI on business model innovation, exploring how it redefines value creation and how it impacts nine common components of business models. It offers an in-depth examination of AI's role as a dynamic catalyst, reshaping strategic thinking and operational approaches within contemporary business landscapes. By presenting an archetype model, it delineates the strategic pathways through which companies evolve as they embed AI into their business modeling, underscoring AI’s significant role in crafting novel value propositions, value creation, and redefining traditional business models. The analysis ventures beyond mere technological integration to highlight the imperative of adapting business strategies in the face of AI advancements, offering insights into leveraging AI for enduring competitive advantage. This discourse aims to equip scholars and practitioners with the acumen to navigate the complexities of AI in business, fostering innovation that resonates with the modern digital economy's demands, while fostering sustainable growth and innovation.
New Venues for Collaborative Business Model Innovation Through Ecosystems
Authors: Miehé Lucas , Gassmann Oliver 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDigital transformation enables novel opportunities for incumbents and new entries to collaborate and jointly create value in ecosystems. Ecosystems can be considered as aligned and integrated business models along the customer journey. Using two illustrative examples from financial services, we explain what ecosystems are and which factors must be considered for success. We highlight three use cases that underline the significance of ecosystems for the financial service industry today and explain why ecosystems are game changers for future research on business model innovation.
Platformizers, Orchestrators, and Guardians: Three Types of B2B Platform Business Models
Authors: Ritala Paavo , Jovanovic Marin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter develops a typology of B2B platform business models. B2B platforms can be divided into three types depending on the nature of the platform market structures they enable. (1) The product-service platformizer business model creates a platform-like interface on top of a product or service and helps bring in externally-provided production-side complements to join the focal firm’s value proposition. (2) The platform ecosystem orchestrator opens a multi-sided market on top of a B2B product-service value proposition and enables customers to select complements from an ecosystem. (3) The platform market guardian creates an open or semi-open platform marketplace for other B2B firms to transact products or services. For each type, we discuss and illustrate the B2B firm’s value creation and capture logic, platform governance, and platform architecture characteristics.