bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Suprapectoral and Open Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis
Authors: Werner Brian C. , Evans Cody L. , Holzgrefe Russel E. , Tuman Jeffrey M. , Hart Joseph M. , Carson Eric W. , Diduch David R. , Miller Mark D. , Brockmeier Stephen F. 
Published: September 2014

Background: While a vast body of literature exists describing biceps tenodesis techniques and evaluating the biomechanical aspects of tenodesis locations or various implants, little literature presents useful clinical outcomes to guide surgeons in their decision to perform a particular method of tenodesis. Purpose/Hypothesis: To compare the clinical outcomes of open subpectoral biceps tenodesis (OSPBT) and arthroscopic suprapectoral biceps tenodesis (ASPBT). Our null hypothesis was that both methods would yield satisfactory results with regard to shoulder and biceps function, postoperative shoulder scores, pain relief, and complications. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent either ASPBT or OSPBT for isolated superior labrum or long head of the biceps lesions with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were evaluated with several validated clinical outcome measures and physical examinations including range of motion and strength. Results: Between 2007 and 2011, a total of 82 patients met all inclusion and exclusion criteria, which included 32 patients with ASPBT and 50 patients with OSPBT; 27 of 32 (84.4%) patients with ASPBT and 35 of 50 (70.0%) patients with OSPBT completed clinical follow-up. Overall outcomes for both procedures were satisfactory. No significant differences were noted in postoperative Constant-Murley (ASPBT: 90.7; OSPBT: 91.8; P = .755), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASPBT: 90.1; OSPBT: 88.4; P = .735), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (ASPBT: 87.4; OSPBT: 86.8; P = .901), Simple Shoulder Test (ASPBT: 10.4; OSPBT: 10.6; P = .762), long head of the biceps (ASPBT: 91.6; OSPBT: 93.6; P = .481), or Veterans RAND 36-Item Health Survey (ASPBT: 81.0; OSPBT: 80.1; P = .789) scores. No significant range of motion or strength differences was noted between the procedures. Conclusion: Both ASPBT and OSPBT yield excellent clinical and functional results for the management of isolated superior labrum or long head of the biceps lesions. No significant differences in clinical outcomes as determined by several validated outcome measures were found between the 2 tenodesis methods, nor were any significant range of motion or strength deficits noted at a minimum 2 years postoperatively.
The Effect of Supraspinatus Tears on Glenohumeral Translations in Passive Pitching Motion
Authors: Mueller Andreas M. , Rosso Claudio , Entezari Vahid , McKenzie Brett , Hasebroock Andrew , Della Croce Ugo , Nazarian Ara , Ramappa Arun J. , DeAngelis Joseph P. 
Published: September 2014

Background: Supraspinatus tears are common in pitchers. However, the effect of these tears on glenohumeral (GH) mechanics is incompletely understood. Purpose/Hypothesis: To describe the effect of supraspinatus tears and repairs on GH kinematics during an abbreviated throwing motion using the intact shoulder girdle. The hypothesis was that supraspinatus tears would lead to an increase of GH translation in the coronal plane and supraspinatus repairs would restore GH kinematics. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Six shoulders from 3 fresh-frozen cadavers were tested in a novel 7 degrees of freedom robotic testing system. Torsos were mounted and the wrist was pinned to an actuator mounted on an upper frame. After the deltoid was removed, the shoulders were studied during an abbreviated throwing motion (ATM) from maximum external rotation to the midcoronal plane to establish a baseline. The ATM was repeated after creation of a 1-cm supraspinatus tear, after creation of a 3-cm supraspinatus tear, and after repair with a transosseous equivalent (TOE) technique. Retroreflective bone markers and high-speed infrared cameras were used to measure GH kinematics and calculate the center of rotation of the GH joint (CORGH) instantaneously. Results: The 1- and 3-cm supraspinatus tears did not significantly alter GH translation. The TOE repair shifted the CORGH posteriorly, as evidenced by a significant decrease in the overall GH translation in all 3 planes ( P = .003, .019, and .026, for x-y, y-z, and x-z planes, respectively). Conclusion: In contrast to a TOE repair of the supraspinatus tendon, isolated supraspinatus tears did not perturb GH kinematics in this cadaveric model of the throwing shoulder. Clinical Relevance: In throwing athletes, treatment of rotator cuff tears should be addressed with caution to avoid an unintended alteration in GH kinematics due to overtightening of the tendon.
Lower Risk of Revision With Patellar Tendon Autografts Compared With Hamstring Autografts
Authors: Gifstad Tone , Foss Olav A. , Engebretsen Lars , Lind Martin , Forssblad Magnus , Albrektsen Grethe , Drogset Jon Olav 
Published: September 2014

Background: A number of studies have found comparable results after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with patellar tendon autografts and hamstring autografts; however, few studies have been large enough to reveal differences in risk of revision with regard to clinical and demographic factors. Purpose: To present the distribution of grafts for ACL reconstruction based on data in the Scandinavian ACL registries and to compare the risk of revision between patellar tendon autografts and hamstring autografts. Potential associations with other clinical and demographic factors were also explored. Study design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 45,998 primary ACL reconstructions, including 6736 patellar tendon autografts and 38,666 hamstring autografts, were identified in the Scandinavian ACL registries. The overall median follow-up time was 3 years (range, 0-8 years). To compare the risk of revision between groups of patients, univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis (with log-rank test) and the Cox proportional hazard regression model were applied. The hazard rate ratio with 95% CI was reported as a measure of effect. Results: Patellar tendon and hamstring autografts were used in 14.6% and 84.1% of the patients, respectively. The remaining patients received allografts, direct sutures, or other graft types (1.3%). The primary ACL injury occurred during soccer, team handball, or alpine activities in 67.5% of the patients in the patellar tendon group and 66.2% in the hamstring group. A total of 156 patients in the patellar tendon group and 1042 patients in the hamstring group underwent revision. The overall risk of revision was significantly lower in the patellar tendon group versus the hamstring group (hazard rate ratio = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.53-0.74), and it decreased with increasing age at surgery, although not strictly linearly. The lower risk of revision in the patellar tendon group was consistently observed across subgroups of patient sex, age, and concomitant cartilage injury ( P > .05, test for interaction) but seemed to be slightly more pronounced for patients injured during certain pivoting activities (soccer, team handball, and alpine activities) compared with other activities (hazard rate ratio = 0.57 vs 0.81; P = .058, test for interaction). Conclusion: The majority of primary ACL reconstructions in Scandinavia are performed with hamstring autografts. Results from the present large prospective study show that patients receiving patellar tendon autografts have a statistically significantly lower risk of revision compared with patients receiving hamstring autografts.
Current office-based hearing screening questions fail to identify adolescents at risk for hearing loss
Authors: Sekhar Deepa L , Zalewski Thomas R , King Tonya S , Paul Ian M 
Published: September 2014

Objective There is a rising prevalence of hearing loss among adolescents in the United States. Current paediatric preventive care recommendations by the Bright Futures guidelines and the American Academy of Pediatrics suggest that clinicians should ask adolescents ten hearing screening questions to identify those who are at high risk of hearing loss for further objective hearing testing. We assessed the utility of these subjective risk assessment questions to distinguish those adolescents with objectively documented hearing loss. Setting A single public high school in Pennsylvania. Methods We compared results from a prospective study evaluating objective hearing assessments with the use of the ten Bright Futures hearing screening questions plus additional adolescent-specific questions to predict adolescent hearing loss. Results In relation to the questions used in this study, adolescents who were referred following objective hearing screens were more likely to report “trouble following the conversation when two or more people are talking at the same time” and a “past experience of slight hearing loss”. Referrals from sound treated booth testing were more likely to report “trouble hearing over the phone” and have a diagnosis or history of hearing loss. Conclusions Most Bright Futures questions were not associated with adolescent hearing loss. An objective adolescent hearing screen should be considered in the recommended schedule of preventive care, instead of the current risk-based subjective assessment.
Predictors of a Persistent Dislocation After Reduction of Syndesmotic Injuries Detected With Intraoperative Three-Dimensional Imaging
Authors: Franke Jochen , von Recum Jan , Suda Arnold J. , Vetter Sven , Grützner Paul Alfred , Wendl Klaus 
Published: September 2014

Background: In about 25% of cases, reduction of acute unstable syndesmotic injuries and stabilization with syndesmotic screws leads to an inadequate reduction. Conventional fluoroscopy does not provide reliable information about the reduction outcome. However, use of intraoperative 3D imaging can be more accurate. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of inadequate reduction so that the need for intra- or postoperative 3D imaging could be assessed. Our hypothesis was that complex injuries of the syndesmosis present a higher risk of malreduction than simpler ankle fractures. Methods: From August 2001 to February 2011, 251 unstable syndesmotic injuries were treated from a total of 2286 ankle fractures. In 61 of these cases, malreduction of the fibula into the fibular notch was detected by intraoperative 3D imaging. The influence of all possible concomitant and combination injuries of the ankle joint, surgeon’s experience, and potential implant-related effects was analyzed. Results: Thirty-seven Weber C fractures (60.7%), 13 Maisonneuve fractures (21.3%), 10 Weber B fractures (16.4%), and 1 syndesmotic injury without fracture (1.6%) were included. In 14 cases (23%) there was involvement of the posterior malleolus, in 10 cases of the medial malleolus (16.4%), and in 12 cases both (19.7%). The Weber C fractures included 10 bimalleolar fractures with involvement of the posterior malleolus. In neither this combination nor in any other possible injury configuration was it possible to identify a statistically significant correlation with malreduction of the fibula into the fibular notch. The surgeon’s experience or an implant-related effect had no detectable influence either. Conclusion: Based on the factors studied, it is not possible to conclude whether a patient has an increased risk of malreduction. Therefore we still recommend verifying all reduction outcomes by intraoperative 3D imaging or postoperative computed tomography. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Performance of Total Ankle Arthroplasty and Ankle Arthrodesis on Uneven Surfaces, Stairs, and Inclines
Authors: Jastifer James , Coughlin Michael J. , Hirose Christopher 
Published: September 2014

Background: Both total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) and ankle arthrodesis are options for the treatment of ankle arthritis and have been shown to improve gait postoperatively. Little is known about the postoperative performance of these patients on uneven surfaces. Methods: Between 2010 and 2013, 77 consecutive patients were enrolled in a prospective study and completed 12 months of follow-up. Patients received either a TAA (61 patients) or an ankle arthrodesis (16 patients). Preoperatively, at 6 months and 12 months postoperatively, patients were evaluated clinically and functionally on stairs, an inclined ramp, and an uneven surface. Patients graded their function on these surfaces using a visual analog scale (VAS) in addition to standard clinical grading scales. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the patient groups preoperatively (all P > .05). Both TAA and ankle arthrodesis groups had high patient satisfaction, 3.5 and 3.4 out of 4.0, respectively. Both groups had improvement in Buechel-Pappas scores, VAS pain scores, AOFAS Ankle Hindfoot scores, and functional scores (all P values < .05). TAA patients had a significantly better outcome than the arthrodesis patients in the Buechel-Pappas scale ( P = .036), AOFAS Ankle Hindfoot score ( P = .03), ankle dorsiflexion ( P < .001), ankle plantarflexion ( P < .001), walking upstairs ( P = .013), walking downstairs ( P = .012), and walking uphill ( P = .016). Conclusions: Patients with TAA and ankle arthrodesis had improved performance walking on uneven surfaces at 12 months of follow-up compared to preoperatively. TAA patients had higher scores than the ankle arthrodesis patients walking upstairs, downstairs, and uphill. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.
Inflammatory Cytokines and Cellular Metabolites as Synovial Fluid Biomarkers of Posttraumatic Ankle Arthritis
Authors: Adams Samuel B. , Nettles Dana L. , Jones Lynne C. , Miller Stuart D. , Guyton Gregory P. , Schon Lew C. 
Published: September 2014

Background: There is a paucity of research on posttraumatic ankle arthritis (PTAA). We aimed to identify synovial fluid PTAA biomarkers using cytokine analysis and metabolic profiling. Methods: Ankle joint synovial fluid was obtained from 20 patients with PTAA and 20 patients with no ankle pain and no radiographic evidence of ankle arthritis (control group). Synovial fluid samples were analyzed for IFN-γ, TNF-α, MIP-1β, MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-15 using ELISA and for more than 3000 metabolites using liquid and gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy. To compare presence of cytokines and metabolites between groups, t tests were used. Random forest analysis was performed on metabolites to determine whether control and PTAA samples could be differentiated based on metabolic profile. Results: IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, and MCP-1 were significantly elevated in the PTAA group. In addition, 107 metabolites in the PTAA group were significantly altered, including derangement in amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, and energy metabolism, extracellular matrix turnover, and collagen degradation. Random forest analysis yielded a predictive accuracy of 90% when using the metabolic profiles to distinguish between control and PTAA samples. Conclusion: This study identified inflammatory cytokines and metabolites present in the synovial fluid of PTAA. Clinical Relevance: Several of these entities have previously been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis of the knee, but many could potentially be used as novel biomarkers of PTAA. Most importantly, the findings suggest that metabolites could be used to distinguish synovial fluid from patients with PTAA.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Mobile Bearing Total Ankle Arthroplasty in the United States
Authors: Jastifer James R. , Coughlin Michael J. 
Published: September 2014

Background: The published long-term follow-up of modern total ankle arthroplasty is limited. We report results after a minimum of 10-year follow-up in a cohort of patients who underwent the Scandinavian Total Ankle Replacement (STAR™) in the United States. Methods: Between 1998 and 2003, 18 patients underwent total ankle arthroplasty for end-stage ankle degeneration and were available for follow-up at a minimum of 10 years postoperatively out of a consecutive series of 41 patients. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon at a single institution. Clinical, radiographic, and functional examinations were performed. Revision was defined as failure of either the tibial or the talar metallic component. The mean length of follow-up was 12.6 years (range, 10.2 to 14.6). Results: Overall implant survival was 94.4% (17/18). A total of 39% (7/18) required additional surgical procedures, most of which were performed greater than 9 years postoperatively, and 1 required a revision of the prosthesis. Preoperative VAS pain scale scores improved from 8.1 to 2.1 out of 10 at latest follow-up. Mean Buechel–Pappas Scale scores improved from 32.8 to 82.1 and mean AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale scores improved from 32.8 to 78.1 at latest follow-up. All patients reported their outcome as good or excellent. Conclusion: In the current cohort of STAR ankle patients, implant survival, patient satisfaction, pain relief, and function were high. However, the rate of additional procedures was also high, which highlights the need for patient follow-up and additional long-term outcome studies on total ankle arthroplasty. Level of Evidence: Level IV, cohort study.
Wounded bonds: A review of the social work literature on gay, lesbian and bisexual military service members and veterans
Authors: Pelts Michael D , Rolbiecki Abigail J , Albright David L 
Published: September 2014

Summary The repeal of Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell (DADT) allows people who identify as gay, lesbian and bisexual (GLB) to serve openly in the U.S. Military. Military officials are taking great efforts to include GLB service members. This article reviews the historical accounts of the military’s treatment of people who identify as GLB, emphasizing the importance of understanding this history for the social work profession. The article also reports on the review of content related to GLB service members and veterans in 13 journals of social work, identifying implications for social work. Findings Based on the applicability to topic and population, ‘journal impact factor’ was utilized to identify the 13 primary journals of social work from 1992–2013 for content related to GLB and military or veterans. Within the 13 journals only eight articles were published during this period relevant to this population. Applications Results suggest a strong need to provide more scholarly literature and research with military and veterans that identify as GLB. More information is needed to understand the needs and inform social work education and practice.
The precarious character of routine practice in social and primary health care
Authors: Rexvid Devin , Evertsson Lars , Forssén Annika , Nygren Lennart 
Published: September 2014

Summary This article presents a description and analysis of the written narratives of problematic situations given by social workers and general practitioners (GPs) within the framework of the sociology of professions and organisations. The narratives were collected from 28 social workers and 24 GPs, working in several Swedish counties. Findings Our findings show that the professionals rarely described lack of knowledge or difficulties choosing the right intervention or treatment as problematic. Rather, the problematic situations contained encounters with clients perceived as disruptive to professional routine practice. We conclude that there were three different types of problematic situations where the professional routine practice was disrupted: (1) Situations related to ‘client-making work’, where the professionals perceived it difficult to, e.g., gather enough information about the client to make a diagnosis, set a timetable or decide on adequate interventions; (2) Situations related to ‘wicked work’, where the professionals experienced clients unable to articulate their problems or understand and follow the interventions suggested by the professionals; (3) Situations related to ‘dirty work’ were only present in GPs’ narratives and typically occurred when GPs perceived that they were dealing with clients who endangered their professional status. Applications Contrary to previous studies, this study indicates that problematic situations are not necessarily connected with traits and characteristic of the client or a lack of professional competence. Instead, they might be connected to situations where professional routine practice is disrupted. Furthermore, it is questionable to what extent problematic situations connected to such disruption can be managed by evidence-based methods, manualisation and standardisation.
Connecting local support: A qualitative study exploring the role of voluntary organisations in long-term condition management
Authors: Morris Rebecca , Kirk Susan , Kennedy Anne , Vassilev Ivaylo , Mathieson Amy , Jeffries Mark , Blickem Christian , Brooks Helen , Sanders Caroline , Rogers Anne 
Published: September 2014

Objectives To examine the role of community groups to support people living with long-term conditions and the organisational factors that influence this role. Methods Thirty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with voluntary group organisers purposefully sampled in Greater Manchester from a local database of community groups. Interviews explored the organisations role in supporting people living with a long-term condition, their social networks and the origins of the groups. Results Respondents’ construed their role in supporting individual capacity for management either explicitly (e.g. providing exercise) or implicitly (e.g. emotional support). This role was influenced by a combination of group ideology, funding and social networks. Analysis highlights the role of the non-clinical setting, the social support provided within the group, as well as organisational processes that influenced their capacity to support people living with long-term conditions. Conclusion By examining the organisation of voluntary groups, this study highlights the way in which they may support or constrain access to an extended range of support for people with long-term conditions. This paper has implications for commissioning of services by the health service from the third sector because of the differing ideological perspectives and limited operational capacity.
Reliability and accuracy of digital templating for the humeral component of total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Lee Christopher S , Davis Shane M , Lane Christianne J , Koonce Ryan C , Hartman Andrew P , Ball Kenneth , Esch James C 
Published: September 2014

Background This experimental study evaluated the interobserver reliability and accuracy of pre-operative digital templating for humeral head size, stem size and neck angle for total shoulder arthroplasty. Methods Twenty-five patients underwent a total shoulder arthroplasty with a single prosthesis. Four independent, blinded surgeons (two experienced shoulder surgeons and two PGY-6 fellows) used pre-operative radiographs and templating software to generate templates of the humeral head, stem and neck for each patient. Interobserver reliability was calculated using weighted kappa (κ) analysis. Accuracy was assessed by comparing templates to actual implant sizes. Results Interobserver reliability was fair to substantial (κ = 0.26 to 0.71) for head size, fair to substantial (κ = 0.39 to 0.72) for stem size and slight to fair (κ = 0.16 to 0.34) for neck angle. Templated head size, stem size and neck angle had accuracies of 53%, 77% and 68% within one size variation, respectively. Experience did not affect accuracy ( p = 0.11 to 0.48). Conclusions Digital templating is not a useful guide for pre-operative surgical planning and should not be used to select a prosthesis.