bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and isolation of putative stem cells from the murine placenta
Authors: Proudfit Christine L. , Chan Michael K. , Basch Ross S. , Young Bruce K. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe placenta of mid-gestation mice is a known rich source of hematopoietic stem cells. We hypothesized that it is also a source of other multipotent stem cells.We isolated fetal cells from the murine placenta across the second half of gestation and characterized their expression of surface antigens known to be associated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a subset of hematopoietic lineage-negative cells. Using real-time reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we also evaluated the expression of intracellular transcription factors (TFs) known to be associated with renal development and/or multipotent stem cells.Cell phenotypes with surface marker and TF expression consistent with multipotent stem cells of a mesenchymal lineage as well as renal cell progenitors were found in the placenta. The expression of MSC and renal progenitor surface markers varied throughout gestation, but was highest on E12–15 where such cells represented a small but significant percentage of the population. Of the studied TFs, 10 of 11 renal TFs were found at moderate to high levels, and all stem cell TFs were found.The mid-gestation murine placenta may serve as a source of multipotent stem cells and also contains cells which may be renal cell progenitors.
Continued Professional Education of Bulgarian Pharmacists: Second Registration Period
Authors: Petrova G. , Nikolov I. , Ivanova Z. , Decheva Tz. , Draganov G. , Naydenov T. , Stoimenova A. 
Published: November 2014

Summary
The continuing professional education prepares the pharmacists for the requirements of the changed role of pharmacists in the society. Different approaches to continuous professional education ranging from lectures to peer-mentoring work shops and web tools have been developed throughout the last 25 years. The goal of the current analysis is to systematize the trends in accredited education events for pharmacists by the Quality Committee of the BPhU during 2010-2013. This study is a retrospective database analysis. The information concerning the accredited forms of continuing education of pharmacists as well as other activities related to continuing education was extracted from the official protocols, issued by the Quality Commission of the Bulgarian Pharmaceutical Union (BPhU). The continuing postgraduate education of pharmacists in Bulgaria is developing with new elements which allow competence development through individual forms of self-development such as publication activities, delivering presentations, individual training, etc. In the educational programs accredited during the second registration period, still prevailed the short courses, with focus on the new medicinal products.
Morphometric differentiation in four populations of signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), in Poland
Authors: Chybowski Łucjan 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The subject of the study was four populations of signal crayfish from Naryjska Struga River and lakes Pobłędzie, Mauda, and Staw Płociczno. The morphometric differentiation of female and male signal crayfish was studied with discriminant analysis. It was confirmed that both females and males from the Naryjska Struga River differ from the crayfish from the three lakes. The characters that best discriminated females were those associated with the cephalothorax and cheliped width, while in males they were those associated with the chelipeds and the abdomen.
Hydromagnetic thermosolutal instability of Rivlin-Ericksen rotating fluid permeated with suspended particles and variable gravity field in porous medium
Authors: Rana G. C. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The thermosolutal instability of Rivlin-Ericksen elasticoviscous rotating fluid permeated with suspended particles (fine dust) and variable gravity field in porous medium in hydromagnetics is considered. By applying normal mode analysis method, the dispersion relation has been derived and solved analytically. It is observed that the rotation, magnetic field, gravity field, suspended particles and viscoelasticity introduce oscillatory modes. For stationary convection, the rotation and stable solute gradient has stabilizing effects and suspended particles are found to have destabilizing effect on the system whereas the medium permeability has stabilizing or destabilizing effect on the system under certain conditions. The magnetic field has destabilizing effect in the absence of rotation whereas in the presence of rotation, magnetic field has stabilizing or destabilizing effect under certain conditions. The effect of rotation, suspended particles, magnetic field, stable solute gradient and medium permeability has also been shown graphically.
On the combinatorics of extensions of preinjective Kronecker modules
Authors: Szöllősi István 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
We explore the combinatorial properties of a particular type of extension monoid product of preinjective Kronecker modules. The considered extension monoid product plays an important role in matrix completion problems. We state theorems which characterize this product in both implicit and explicit ways and we prove that the conditions given in the definition of the generalized majorization are equivalent with our criteria. Generalized majorization is a purely combinatorial construction introduced by its authors in a different setting.
Feedback Linearization Control of the Inertia Wheel Pendulum
Authors: Enev Faculty of Automatics, Technical University of Sofia, Kl. Oh 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper, two feedback linearizing control laws for the stabilization of the Inertia Wheel Pendulum are derived: a full-state linearizing controller, generalizing the existing results in literature, with friction ignored in the description and an inputoutput linearizing control law, based on a physically motivated definition of the system output. Experiments are carried out on a laboratory test bed with significant friction in order to test and verify the suggested performance and the results are presented and discussed. The main point to be made as a consequence of the experimental evaluation is the fact that actually the asymptotic stabilization was not achieved, but rather a limit cycling behavior was observed for the full-state linearizing controller. The input-output linearizing controller was able to drive the pendulum to the origin, with the wheel speed settling at a finite value
On Some Aspects of the Complex–Envelope Finite–Differences Simulation of Wave Propagation in One–Dimensional Case
Authors: Šumichrast L’ubomír 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Some aspects of the numerical modeling of the electromagnetic waves propagation using the “complex-envelope” finitedifferences formulation in the one-dimensional case are here reviewed and discussed in comparison with the standard finitedifferences in time-domain (FDTD) approach. The main focus is put on the stability and the numerical dispersion issues of the “complex envelope” explicit and implicit methods
Correlation of Selected Problems During Gan Movpe Epitaxy on si Substrates with in–Situ Interferometer Observation
Authors: Szymański Tomasz , Wośko Mateusz , Paszkiewicz Bogdan , Indykiewicz Kornelia , Paszkiewicz Regina 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper, selected problems occurring during GaN epitaxy on Si substrates are correlated with in-situ interferometer observations based on structures fabricated using 3×2” Thomas Swan Close Coupled Showerhead MOVPE system. Samples were epitaxially grown on highly resistive (> 500cm) p-type 2” silicon substrates. The growth was observed using an interferometer acquiring reflectance traces in-situ. To avoid issues that are shown in this paper, different approaches of the so-called buffer layer were used by depositing them on Si before the growth of GaN. Different material qualities of grown GaN layers were obtained by variation in films constituting the buffer layer grown before the desirable GaN film. The study shows the evolution of the grown samples, improvement of various parameters and also gradual reduction of material issues discussed in this paper. Improvement in GaN layer was mainly observed by SEM characterization and studying the growth mechanisms through observation of reflectance traces obtained in-situ.
Theoretical Positioning Accuracy for Serial and Parallel Kinematic Structure
Authors: Kurekova Eva , Halaj Martin , Omachelová Milada , Martišovitš Ilja 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Modern production machines employ complex kinematic structures that shall enhance their performance. As those machines are very sophisticated electro-mechanical structures, their design is time consuming and financially demanding. Therefore, designers search for new possibilities how to estimate future properties of the machine as early as in the design phase. The paper gives a brief introduction to the adoption of methodology of measurement uncertainties into the design of production machines. The adapted methodology enables to estimate the theoretical positioning accuracy of the machine end effector that is one of the important indicators of machine performance. Both serial and parallel kinematic structures are considered in the paper. Methodology and sample calculations of theoretical positioning accuracy are presented for serial kinematic structure (represented by advanced plasma cutting head) and parallel kinematic structure, represented by one specific design named Tricept.
Influence of Wilbraham-Gibbs Phenomenon on Digital Stochastic Measurement of EEG Signal Over an Interval
Authors: Sovilj P. , Milovanović M. , Pejić D. , Urekar M. , Mitrović Z. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Measurement methods, based on the approach named Digital Stochastic Measurement, have been introduced, and several prototype and small-series commercial instruments have been developed based on these methods. These methods have been mostly investigated for various types of stationary signals, but also for non-stationary signals. This paper presents, analyzes and discusses digital stochastic measurement of electroencephalography (EEG) signal in the time domain, emphasizing the problem of influence of the Wilbraham-Gibbs phenomenon. The increase of measurement error, related to the Wilbraham-Gibbs phenomenon, is found. If the EEG signal is measured and measurement interval is 20 ms wide, the average maximal error relative to the range of input signal is 16.84 %. If the measurement interval is extended to 2s, the average maximal error relative to the range of input signal is significantly lowered - down to 1.37 %. Absolute errors are compared with the error limit recommended by Organisation Internationale de Métrologie Légale (OIML) and with the quantization steps of the advanced EEG instruments with 24-bit A/D conversion
The heat insulating properties of potato starch extruded with addition of chosen by- products of food industry
Authors: Zdybel Ewa , Tomaszewska-Ciosk Ewa , Główczyńska Gabriela , Drożdż Wioletta 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The study was aimed at determination of time of heat transition through the layer of quince, apple, linen, rose pomace and potato pulp, as well as layer of potato starch and potato starch extruded with addition of above mentioned by-products. Additionally the attempt of creation a heat insulating barrier from researched raw material was made. The heat conductivity of researched materials was dependent on the type of material and its humidity. Extruded potato starch is characterized by smaller heat conductivity than potato starch extruded with addition of pomace. The obtained rigid extruded starch moulders were characterized by higher heat insulating properties than the loose beads. It is possible to use starch and by-products of food industry for production of heat insulating materials.
Adsorption of anionic dyes onto natural, thermally and chemically modified smectite clays
Authors: Kyzioł-Komosińska Joanna , Rosik-Dulewska Czesława , Pająk Magdalena , Krzyżewska Iwona , Dzieniszewska Agnieszka 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the adsorption capacity of the smectite clays (from the overburden of the lignite deposit in Belchatow) for two anionic dyes, i.e. Reactive Blue 81 (RB-81) and Direct Blue 74 (DB-74). Additionally, the influence of the thermal and chemical (acid and alkali) clay modifications on the amount of bonded dyes was investigated. The adsorption capacity of the clay (natural and modified) was different for studied dyes and depended on the initial concentration and modification type. All the modified clays adsorbed the dyes at pH>pHPZC as the negatively charged surfaces of their particles (in accordance with the formula: AOH ↔ AO- + H+) prevented the formation of electrostatic bonds between the anionic dyes and the clay surface. The dyes were mainly bound with the hydrogen bonds forming between the donor groups in the dyes and the acceptor groups (-SiO and -Al2OH) in the clays. The coefficients in the adsorption isotherms were estimated with the linear and non-linear regression. The linear regression method was found that the Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms described the dye sorption much better than the Langmuir model. On the other hand, all three models described well the experimental data in the non-linear regression method. Furthermore, the 1/n value (<1) obtained from the Freundlich equation for all the dye-sorbent systems indicated the favorable sorption.
Intercalated chemotherapy and erlotinib for advanced NSCLC: high proportion of complete remissions and prolonged progression-free survival among patients with EGFR activating mutations
Authors: Zwitter Matjaz , Stanic Karmen , Rajer Mirjana , Kern Izidor , Vrankar Martina , Edelbaher Natalija , Kovac Viljem 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Background. Pharmaco-dynamic separation of cytotoxic and targeted drugs might avoid their mutual antagonistic effect in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Patients and methods. Eligible patients were treatment-naive with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC. In addition, inclusion was limited to never-smokers or light smokers or, after 2010, to patients with activating epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Treatment started with 3-weekly cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin on days 1, 2 and 4 and erlotinib on days 5 to 15. After 4 to 6 cycles, patients continued with erlotinib maintenance.
Results. Fifty-three patients were recruited into the trial: 24 prior to 2010 (of whom 9 were later found to be positive for EGFR mutations), and 29 EGFR mutation-positive patients recruited later. Unfavourable prognostic factors included stage IV disease (51 patients - 96%), performance status 2-3 (11 patients - 21%) and brain metastases (15 patients - 28%). Grade 4 toxicity included 2 cases of neutropenia and 4 thrombo-embolic events. The 15 EGFR negative patients had 33% objective response rate, median progression-free survival (PFS) 6.0 months and median survival 7.6 months. Among 38 EGFR positive patients, complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) were seen in 16 (42.1%) and 17 (44.7%) cases, respectively. PET-CT scanning was performed in 30 patients and confirmed CR and PR in 16 (53.3%) and 9 (30.0%) cases, respectively. Median PFS for EGFR mutated patients was 21.2 months and median survival was 32.5 months.
Conclusions. While patients with EGFR negative tumors do not benefit from addition of erlotinib, the intercalated schedule appears most promising for those with EGFR activating mutations
Needs Analysis and Esp Course Design: Self-Perception of Language Needs Among Pre-Service Students
Authors: Chovancová Barbora 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In the context of recent social changes in Central Europe, the article outlines the need for a change in the traditional syllabi for legal English classes. It deals with needs analysis as one of the most important sources of inspiration in syllabus design. First, needs analysis is situated within the methodology of English for Specific Purposes. Then, the rationale for a needs analysis survey among pre-service students in current legal English courses is presented and, finally, the findings are interpreted with respect to the actual target situations that students are likely to encounter after graduation. The article concludes by pointing out that although pre-service students may have vague ideas about the use of English in their future jobs, course instructors should consider their needs and wants because they are crucial for increasing the students’ motivation. Instructors and course designers should, however, obtain information from professionals and former graduates as well because that will enable them to address the actual target situations most effectively.
Business English in the Eyes of Economics and Management Students at the University of Białystok
Authors: Dzięcioł-Pędich Agnieszka 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
According to the regulations of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, university graduates should have to know a foreign language at B2 level, as described in The Common European Framework of Reference, and they should know its specialized variety. These are the only recommendations concerning general language courses and their specialized varieties. It is up to schools of foreign languages or other institutions providing language courses for institutions of higher education to determine requirements concerning language for specific purposes. However, students are rarely asked to contribute to the development of curricula and syllabi. This article presents the results of a survey conducted among students of Economics and Management at the University of Białystok. The survey was devoted to students’ perceptions of Business English in English courses conducted by the School of Foreign Languages at the University of Białystok. The aim of the survey was to answer the following questions:
- what do students of Economics and Management at the University of Białystok believe to be the appropriate proportion of general English to Business English?
- when would they like to start learning Business English?
- what Business English topics do students find interesting?
- how do Economics and Management students use the knowledge and skills gained in Business English classes?
The article also presents possible implications of the survey for ESP course designers, and stresses the importance of needs analysis for developing ESP syllabi in the context of Polish tertiary education
Investigation of the Structural Robustness of Deep Depth Injection Mold with Cavity Pressure and Mold Design
Authors: Park S.-Y. , Lyu M.-Y. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
High pressure is involved during injection molding operation, especially in the packing phase. Cracks in the mold often occur as a result of high cavity pressure. In this study, the structural analysis of an injection mold was performed to investigate the stress concentration in injection mold. The structural analysis included stress distributions and stress concentration according to cavity pressures and mold designs. The causes of cracks were investigated through the computational results for stress concentration locations and the magnitude of stress. Two commercial programs were used and various boundary conditions were applied to obtain reliable results. This study found that the locations of high stress concentrations were coincident with the locations of cracks and that the weak mold design was responsible for these cracks. Mold designs such as interlocking designs exerted a strong influence on the robustness of the mold. It was verified that the analysis method used in this study can be applied to evaluate the robustness of injection molds.
DEM modeling of ice cuttings transportation by electromechanical auger core drills
Authors: Hong J. , Talalay P. , Sysoev M. , Fan X. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractElectromechanical auger core drills are widely used in shallow ice-coring practice on mountain glaciers and polar ice caps and sheets. Generally, these drills are lightweight, can be readily transported to remote drilling sites, are easily installed there and drill with relatively high rates of penetration and low power consumption. During the past few decades, dozens of electromechanical auger drills have been designed. However, the auger options were usually determined by experience, and the main parameters (auger angle and rotation speed) are varied in a wide range from drill to drill. In order to choose the optimal auger parameters, the discrete element method (DEM) is used to analyze the performance of cuttings transportation for different rotation speeds in the range 50–200 rpm and auger angles in the range 15–45°. To improve the efficiency of cuttings transportation, many factors have to be considered (e.g. particle sizes and their variability, ice temperature, material of the core barrel and jacket, and availability of needed driven motor-gears). For the conditions assumed in the present studies, the recommended rotation speed is 100 rpm at auger angles of 35–40°.
Traité de bioéthique
Authors: Sledziewski Élisabeth G. 
Published: November 2014

Résumé	L’inquiétude éthique est une caractéristique de la conscience occidentale contemporaine. L’approche intégrée des enjeux éthiques s’impose à l’ensemble de nos pratiques sociales. Pourtant, l’interpellation éthique, comme recommandation et surtout comme injonction, peut susciter le désarroi des acteurs. Contradiction ou cercle vertueux ? Nous nous penchons ici sur les processus subjectifs d’une demande ambiguë mais féconde qui, combinant l’expérience de la difficulté d’être avec l’autre à un puissant réinvestissement de la socialité, traverse et transforme notre société.
Traité de bioéthique
Authors: François-Wachter Daniel 
Published: November 2014

Résumé Les concepts de confiance, d’autonomie et de transparence sont les trois fondements philosophiques des récentes législations qui définissent les droits des malades. Les concepts changent de sens dans l’esprit des hommes et les lois, dans leur séquence, marquent cette évolution. Le concept est le traitement philosophique d’un fait culturel. Les concepts de confiance, d’autonomie et de transparence sont donc évolutifs, changeants, subjectifs et conflictuels. Dans le domaine médical, la loi du 4 mars 2002 marque une rupture avec le passé. Les concepts de confiance, d’autonomie et de transparence sont repensés à l’aide de nouveaux critères. Les schémas de pensée qui les guident sont issus d’une évolution culturelle qui n’a rien d’original : c’est seulement dans les pays de culture française que pour beaucoup ils apparaissent comme nouveaux. Ce sont, depuis le xvii e siècle, les critères de la philosophie anglo-saxonne. La pensée date de la démocratie grecque, mais son fondement philosophique moderne est anglais.
Traité de bioéthique
Authors: Halioua Bruno 
Published: November 2014

Résumé	Au cours du procès de Nuremberg, les juges prennent conscience de la dimension éthique particulière de ce procès et de l’importance du jugement qu’ils allaient être amenés à rendre, non seulement pour les victimes des expérimentations médicales nazies mais surtout pour les générations à venir. Ils dressent le constat du vide juridique dans le domaine des expérimentations menées sur l’homme.	L’importance du Code de Nuremberg, conçu pour juger les crimes commis par des médecins sur des déportés, tient donc à ce qu’il a constitué le point de départ de la prise de conscience des dangers des progrès de la science, avec les dérives qu’elle peut susciter, et de la nécessité de l’encadrer par un certain nombre de règles.