bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term trends in cycle threshold values: a comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 dynamics, viral load, and reproduction number in South Korea
Authors: Park Jungeun , Cho Sung-il , Kang Sang-Gu , Kim Jee-Woun , Jung Sunkyung , Lee Sun-Hwa , Han Kyou-Sup , Hwang Seung-sik 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundWith the emergence of COVID-19 cases, governments quickly responded with aggressive testing, contact tracing, isolation and quarantine measures. South Korea’s testing strategy primarily relied on real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR), focusing on cycle threshold (Ct) values, indicative of viral load, to determine COVID-19 positivity. This study examined the long-term time series distribution of Ct values measured in the same laboratory using a nationally standardized testing type and sampling method in South Korea. It aimed to link Ct values, new COVID-19 cases, and the reproduction number (Rt), setting the stage for using Ct values effectively.MethodsThis study analyzed nationally collected 296,347 samples Ct values from February 2020 to January 2022 and examined their associations with the number of new cases and Rt trends. The data were categorized into four COVID-19 periods for in-depth analysis. Statistical methods included time series trend analysis, local regression for smoothing, linear regression for association analysis, and calculation of correlation coefficients.ResultsThe median Ct values across four COVID-19 periods decreased gradually from 31.71 in the initial period to 21.27 in the fourth period, indicating higher viral load. The comparison of trends between Ct values and the number of new cases revealed that the decline in Ct values preceded the surge in new cases, particularly evident during the initial stages when new cases did not undergo a significant increase. Also, during variant emergence and vaccination rollout, marked shifts in Ct values were observed. Results from linear regression analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between Ct values and new cases (β = −0.33, p &lt; 0.001, R2 = 0.67). This implies that as Ct values decrease, new case numbers increase.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the potential of Ct values as early indicators for predicting confirmed COVID-19 cases during the initial stages of the epidemic and suggests their relevance in large-scale epidemic monitoring, even when case numbers are similar.
Qualitative comparative analysis of policies implemented by 26 European countries during the 2020 great lockdown
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Qu Guangyi 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDuring the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe, from March 1 to April 15, 2020, significant variations emerged among countries regarding the implementation of lockdown policies. During this period, viewed strictly from an epidemiological perspective, lockdown measures are considered the most effective means of containing a pandemic. However, the adoption of such measures varied, raising questions about whether the reluctance or failure of countries to implement lockdown policies reflected a disregard for epidemiological knowledge or stemmed from an inability to enforce these measures.MethodsThis article employs Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) with 26 European countries as case studies to investigate under what combination of conditions a country would implement lockdown policies.ResultsThe QCA results identify three distinct combinations of conditions that lead countries to implement lockdown measures. First, countries with relatively concentrated political power are more likely to implement lockdown policies. Among the 10 countries governed by a majority party or majority coalition within a two-party or moderate multi-party system, seven implemented lockdown policies. Second, in cases of relatively dispersed political power, countries facing state fragility risks are more likely to implement lockdown policies. Among the eight countries that meet both conditions, five implemented lockdown policies. Finally, factors such as political heritage, severity of the pandemic, demographic composition, healthcare access, quality standards, and the ruling party’s ideology play a lesser role in the decision to enact lockdown measures.DiscussionThis article offers a novel perspective on the dynamics of party politics and state capacity in the context of decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic. It contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between political systems and public health crisis management, highlighting how various political and governance factors influence the adoption of public health interventions during crises.
Assessing perceptions of nursing knowledge, attitudes, and practices in diabetes management within Chinese healthcare settings
Authors: Hu Lan , Jiang Wen 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundEffective management of diabetes mellitus (DM) involves comprehensive knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) by nurses, which is essential for optimal patient care and aiding patients in their self-management of the condition.MethodThis survey evaluates nurses' self-assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to diabetes management, focusing on their perceptions of personnel expertise and care approaches. Using a stratified sampling method, the survey was disseminated across various online platforms from January 2023 to February 2024 within China, including WeChat and Sina Weibo. We employed binary logistic regression and Chi-square tests to explore the statistical correlates of KAP related to DM.ResultsA total of 4,011 nurses participated, revealing significant perceived knowledge deficiencies in specialized DM management areas, with only 34% (n = 1,360) proficient in current pharmacological treatments. Attitudinal assessments showed that 54% (n = 2,155) recognized the importance of cultural competence in dietary counseling. Practices were strong in routine glucose monitoring (96%, n = 3,851) but weaker in psychological support (68%, n = 2,736). Regression analysis indicated significant effects of experience on KAP, where nurses with 1–5 years of experience were more likely to show better knowledge (OR = 1.09; p = 0.08), and those with advanced degrees demonstrated higher competence (OR = 1.52; p = 0.028). Marital status influenced attitudes, with single nurses more likely to exhibit positive attitudes (OR = 0.49; p &lt; 0.001), and work environment impacted knowledge, with hospital-based nurses more knowledgeable (OR = 1.15; p = 0.14). Additionally, gender differences emerged, with male nurses showing greater knowledge (OR = 1.65; p = 0.03) and better practices in diabetes care (OR = 1.47; p = 0.04).ConclusionThe study underscores the critical need for targeted educational programs and policy interventions to enhance nursing competencies in DM management. While the study provides valuable insights into nurses' perceptions of their competencies, future research should incorporate objective knowledge assessments to ensure a comprehensive understanding of their actual capabilities. Interestingly, the data also suggests a substantial opportunity to leverage technology and inter-professional collaboration to further enhance DM management efficacy among nurses, fostering an integrated care approach.
Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Assemblages in Hazelnut Groves in Calabria (Southern Italy)
Authors: Pezzi Marco , Bonelli Domenico , Carlomagno Francesco , Di Biase Erica , Fumo Federica , Mendicino Federica , Munari Cristina , Bonacci Teresa 
Published: August 2024

Carabidae, or carabids, commonly known as “ground beetles”, are found in numerous natural and cultivated habitats and are recognized for their beneficial role in controlling phytophagous pests in various temperate agroecosystems. However, the crop type and agricultural practices used in management areas significantly affect the structure of the carabid communities. The aim of this study was to investigate the abundance and diversity of ground beetles in hazelnut agroecosystems characterized by different agricultural methods in Calabria, Southern Italy. The carabids were collected from 2017 to 2018 in three hazelnut groves referred to in this study as AZ1, AZ2 and AZ3. Carabids were sampled using pitfall traps inspected every two weeks over a period of 24 months. A total of 4665 specimens belonging to 48 taxa were collected within the sampled sites. Many taxa were found to be widely distributed across the three selected hazelnut groves. Among these, Calathus spp., Harpalus dimidiatus (P. Rossi, 1790), Nebria spp., Platyderus neapolitanus jannonei (Binaghi in Magistretti, 1955), Poecilus cupreus (Linnaeus, 1758), Pterostichus melas italicus (Dejean, 1828), and Syntomus obscuroguttatus (Duftschmid, 1812) were the most abundant ones associated with all sampled areas. Concerning trophic preference, among the collected taxa, the most abundant ones were zoophagous and zoospermophagous. Additionally, taxa uncommon in agroecosystems but with ecological relevance, such as Carabus lefebvrei lefebvrei Dejean, 1826, Carabus preslii neumeyeri Schaum, 1856, and Carabus rossii Dejean, 1826, were also collected.
Digital eye exam at neonates triage - beyond the red reflex examination
Authors: Douat Dietrich Nancy Maria , Douat Dietrich Helena Luiza , Dietrich João Alfredo , Cagliari Patrícia Zanotelli 
Published: August 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to highlight the potential viability to the Digital Eye Fundus Triage Neonates examination be performed by a nurse in order to detect abnormalities until 3 months after birth. Method: Thirty-four neonates were examined at this randomized quantitative study. A Pictor Plus portable ophthalmic camera, model VP2RET manufactured by Volk (Volk Optical, Inc., Mentor, OH) was utilized. To reduce discomfort during examination, a 25% oral glucose solution was administered. Results: Nineteen neonates presented with normal results and 15 neonates presented with unilateral or bilateral alterations. Conclusion: The Digital Eye Fundus Triage Neonates examination could be performed by a nurse in order to detect abnormalities until 3 months after birth. Since visual system development occurs concomitantly with child´s neuromotor development, Eye Fundus Triage may have a profound impact on improving not only ocular but on overall health of newborns and children.
Analisis kadar parasetamol dan kafein dalam sediaan tablet menggunakan metode spektrofotometri derivatif zero crossing
Authors: Pulungan Ainil Fithri , Rosaldi Hikmah , Rani Zulmai 
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan obat dalam bentuk tablet kombinasi pada masa saat ini telah banyak mengalami peningkatan, kombinasi obat dalam suatu sediaan tablet dapat memberikan reaksi dan kemampuan yang semakin meningkat. Hal ini menjadikan kombinasi obat contohnya seperti Parasetamol dan kafein menjadi kombinasi yang efektif dalam bidang farmasi. Parasetamol menjadi obat analgetik antipiretik yang dapat dikombinasikan dengan kafein yang dapat digunakan dalam terapi dengan kombinasi antara obat tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi kombinasi parasetamol dan kafein dalam formulasi tablet dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri turunan silang nol. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan optimasi pelarut dengan 17 kategori pemilihan pelarut, dan asetat:metanol (30:70) dipilih menggunakan metode turunan silang nol dengan plot dA/d memanfaatkan panjang gelombang maksimum parasetamol 258 nm dan kafein 288 nm, karena ada pergeseran panjang gelombang yang sebenarnya dalam analisis ini. Untuk memvalidasi penetapan kadar metode turunan silang nol menggunakan serapan kedua dalam pelarut ace (30:70 asetat: metanol). Analisis spektrofotometri turunan zero crossing campuran parasetamol dan kafein diketahui bahwa kadar parasetamol pada tablet A sebesar 95,24 8,47%, pada tablet B sebesar 92,86 0%, dan pada tablet C sebesar 96,5 0%, sedangkan kandungan kafeinnya adalah 104,89 0%, 102,09 0%, dan 91,6 0%. Menurut USP 30 NF 25 (2007), dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil pengujian komposisi parasetamol dan kafein dalam tablet memenuhi persyaratan.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Karet Dalam Meningkatkan Power Otot Tungkai Pada Permainan Bola Voli
Authors: Yasinta Cindy Yuli , Lengkana Anggi Setia , Sudrazat Adang 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lebih dalam dan mengetahui pengaruh mengenai penggunaan media karet dalam meningkatkan power otot tungkai pada permainan bola voli terhadap pemain di Club voli Git. Adapun masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah masih kurangnya lompatan para pemain club voli git yang disebabkan karena lemahnya power otot tungkai. Dalam penelitian ini diajukan hipotesis, yaitu Diduga adanya pengaruh yang signifikan Penggunaan Media Karet Terhadap peningkatan power otot tungkai dan terdapat ukuran besaran yang signifikan dalam penggunaan media karet terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot tungkai, Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimen dengan pendekatan Kuantitatif. Adapun rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah One group pretest- postes desain dan teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus, uji normalitas, uji t-tes, dan uji r. hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat untuk peningkatan kemampuan khususnya dalam melakukan loncatan pada permainan bola voli.
Hubungan BMI dan Panjang Lengan Terhadap Kecepatan Renang 50 Meter Gaya Bebas pada Atlet Lotus Aquatic Club Kota Batu
Authors: Akbar Arfilla Aditya , Kinanti Rias Gesang , Gita Verlina Maya 
Published: August 2024

Renang merupakan cabang olahraga yang saat ini berkembang dimasyarakat. Perlombaan renang menggunakan kecepatan sebagai komponen sebagai penilaian. Kecepatan renang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai aspek komponen fisik diantaranya adalah struktur anatomi tubuh. Anatomi tubuh perenang berpengaruh terhadap kecepatan, diantaranya pada bagian tinggi badan dan berat badan. Keduanya digunakan untuk mengetahui BMI perenang. Struktur tubuh lainnya yakni pada bagian panjang lengan dan tungkai yang berfungsi membantu tubuh bergerak untuk tetap mengapung di air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan BMI, panjang lengan terhadap kecepatan renang gaya bebas 50 meter atlet Lotus Aquatic Club Kota Batu. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian korelasional yang menghubungkan antar variabel. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kolam renang Tirta Bhuana Cakti Pusdik Arhanud Kota Batu dengan jumlak subjek 20 atlet laki-laki. Hasil penelitian diketahui data antara BMI terhadap kecepatan menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dengan nilai signifikasi 0,030. Data panjang lengan terhadap kecepatan menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment diketahui memiliki nilai signifikasi 0,011. Serta uji regresi berganda antara BMI dan panjang lengan terhadap kecepatan diketahui memiliki nilai 0,015.
ANALISIS DIMENSI LIFE SKILLS DALAM EKSTRAKURIKULER BOLA VOLI DI MTS AT-TAQWA CIDATAR
Authors: Adhiyani Roslyn Maulyna , Sonjaya Azhar Ramadhana , Permadi Asep Angga 
Published: August 2024

Dalam melakukan analisis dimensi life skills dalam ekstrakurikuler voli di MTs At-taqwa Cidatar, penulis ingin mengetahuiapakah ada hubungan antara delapan dimensi kemampuan hidup secara keseluruhan. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 24 siswa, dengan rentang usia 10-13 tahun. Penggunaan intrumen Life Skills Scale for Sport atau LSSS. LSSS dipopulerkan (Cronin Allen, 2017a) beserta delapan dimensi digunakan sebagai metode dalam mengukur kemampuan hidup. Data yang dikumpulkan diolah dengan metode statistic yaitu deskriptif dan regresi dari program SPSS ver 29.0. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis menunjukan bahwa tingkat kemampuan hidup berada pada dua kategori sedang dan tinggi. Sementara itu, nilai p untuk analisis regresi adalah 0,001, 0,003 dan 0,005 yang menujukan hubungan antara delapan dimensi kemampuan hidup secara keseluruhan. Siswa-siswi ikut serta dalam kegiatan ekstra voli memiliki tingkat life skills sedang dan tinggi, dengan penetapan tujuan rata-rata tertinggi. Ada korelasi yang signifikan antara kedua kategori ini dan delapan dimensi life skills.
Digital technologies for remote control and monitoring of construction works
Authors: Losev D. M. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The construction industry in the Russian Federation has good potential for digitalization. In spite of numerous unfavorable factors, a significant number of the most progressive construction companies adopt new technologies in their work, recognizing their high potential and effectiveness. Therefore, the legalization of information modeling technologies, which has been initiated at the governmental level, has a great chance of success. Digital transformation constitutes a necessary step for the sustainable development of the economy and construction industry.Aim. To identify the advantages of using modern digital technologies in construction in order to further implement them in construction projects for automating routine processes and minimizing errors.Materials and methods. The study provides a meta-analysis of 18 domestic and foreign studies (VAK or SCOPUS publications) on the application of digital technologies in construction, as well as an effectiveness assessment of the studied technologies.Results. The advantages of unmanned aerial vehicles and mapping drones are undeniable, as well as the difficulties in using them in urban environments, especially in the centers of million cities. The main advantages of using drone technologies in construction include reception of detailed data from construction sites and their comparison with design documentation; objective monitoring of construction dynamics; a reduction in the number of occupational health and safety violations; improved quality of site monitoring and round-the-clock access to hard-to-reach areas; assessment of the scope of work performed; prompt response to deviations from design documentation and timely corrective actions; work with the BIM (Building Information Model) and digital model of the current object with the possibility of export to convenient CAD programs. The main disadvantages of using drone technology in construction are as follows: the maximum wind resistance of 15 m/s; the data obtained during rain or snowfall may be incorrect; the impossibility of automatic imaging within the project under construction.Conclusions. The Pix4D Crane Camera is currently the safest solution for capturing aerial images, with subsequent conversion to 2D and 3D.
Effect of loop reinforcement joints on the strength of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Zenin S. A. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Using loop joints of working reinforcement in flexural reinforced concrete members reduces labor costs when installing reinforcement cages at the construction site. However, the analysis of the available research showed that they were carried out mainly for flexural members. In this regard, additional experimental studies were carried out to assess the effect of various types of design solutions of loop reinforcement joints on the strength of normal sections of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete elements.Aim. To obtain the results of experimental studies and assess the effect of design solutions of loop reinforcement joints on the strength of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete elements.Materials and methods. The research involved the results of tests of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete elements with loop joints of working reinforcement. As part of the research, 7 series of samples with different design solutions of loop joints were tested. The total number of samples in the research comprised 22 items.Results. The research revealed the effect of design solutions of loop reinforcement joints on the strength of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete elements – on average from 3 to 14 %, depending on the design solution of the loop joint.Conclusions. It was found that the design of eccentrically compressed elements should be carried out taking into account the design of the loop joint of longitudinal reinforcement.
Justification of fire protection measures in the NPP control room using CFD fire modeling
Authors: Putsev D. I. , Mishina S. Yu. , Tkachev E. A. , Groshev Yu. M. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The present paper provides justification of fire safety measures to protect systems of the main control room of NPP using computational fluid dynamics fire modeling.Aim. To develop fire protection measures for systems of the NPP control room using computational fluid dynamics model.Materials and methods. The study involved analysis into purpose and application scope of various methods for modeling dynamics of development and spread of fire hazards. The application of the computational fluid dynamics fire modeling for multifunctional premises was considered.Results. Following the analysis of different methods for modeling the dynamics of development and spread of fire hazards, the present paper introduces the potential of using various methods of fire modeling in the evaluation of fire hazards for main control room. The obtained computations show that the temperature at the reinforcement site remains below the critical value in the most dangerous fire development scenarios like ventilation controlled fire. Moreover, fire hazards fail to spread through the walls of an uninsulated room within three hours at any value of fire load in main control room.Conclusions. The study revealed a potential for using computational fluid dynamics fire modeling for evaluating fire hazards in various buildings and premises, as well as for justifying the sufficiency of fire resistance requirements established for building structures. This regularity is obtained under conditions of preventing the spread of fire beyond the fire zone within the estimated burnout time of the entire fire load. The results received for this particular type of premises (cable floor) indicate that the designed fire resistance of the barriers separating safety system premises and normal operation premises guarantees non-proliferation of fire. The obtained regularities can be used in the development/revision of regulatory documents on fire safety at operating NPPs and NPPs under construction
Kajian Lama Waktu Pengeringan terhadap Sifat Antioksidan Teh Cascara
Authors: Masrukan  , Darmawan Eman , Syarif Hakim Isna 
Published: August 2024

Pemanfaatan hasil samping kulit kopi menjadi teh cascara mempunyai potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pangan fungsional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh suhu pengeringan terhadap karakteristik kimia dan organoleptik pada teh cascara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan yaitu suhu pengeringan (50, 55, 60, 65, dan 70 °C) selama 21 jam. Masing-masing perlakuan yang dihasilkan dianalisa secara kimia (aktivitas antioksidan, kadar tannin, total fenol, dan kadar air) dan uji organoleptik dengan metode scoring test meliputi warna, rasa, aroma, dan hedonic scale test (uji kesukaan). Hasil Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan ANOVA dan apabila terdapat beda nyata, dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncans Multiple Range test (DMRT) dengan tingkat signifikasi (α=0,05). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan suhu pengeringan memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan aktivitas antioksidan pada teh cascara, total fenol, dan kadar air, sedangkan kadar tannin mengalami peningkatan. Berdasarkan parameter uji maka perlakuan teh cascara yang terbaik adalah pada suhu pengeringan 60 °C dengan aktivitas antioksidan (30,64%), kadar tannin (2,17%), total fenol (1,05%), dan kadar air (7,735%). Hasil uji sensoris yang relative disukai dan diterima panelis pada perlakuan suhu pengeringan 65 °C adalah warna (3,30) kuning kemerahan, rasa (3,30) agak pahit, aroma (3,20) agak terasa kopi dan tingkat kesukaan panelis (3,45).