bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing WTP Values of Different Types of QALY Gain Elicited from the General Public
Authors: Pennington Mark , Baker Rachel , Brouwer Werner , Mason Helen , Hansen Dorte Gyrd , Robinson Angela , Donaldson Cam ,   the EuroVaQ Team
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe appropriate thresholds for decisions on the cost‐effectiveness of medical interventions remain controversial, especially in ‘end‐of‐life’ situations. Evidence of the values placed on different types of health gain by the general public is limited.MethodsAcross nine European countries, 17 657 people were presented with different hypothetical health scenarios each involving a gain of one quality adjusted life year (QALY) and asked about their willingness to pay (WTP) for that gain. The questions included quality of life (QoL) enhancing and life extending health gains, and a scenario where respondents faced imminent, premature death.ResultsThe mean WTP values for a one‐QALY gain composed of QoL improvements were modest (PPP$11 000). When comparing QALY gains obtained in the near future, the valuation of life extension exceeded the valuation of QoL enhancing gains (mean WTP PPP$19 000 for a scenario in which a coma is avoided). The mean WTP values were higher still when respondents faced imminent, premature death (PPP$29 000).ConclusionsEvidence from the largest survey on the value of health gains by the general public indicated a higher value for life extending gains compared with QoL enhancing gains. A further modest premium may be indicated for life extension when facing imminent, premature death. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oncologic results of the surgical salvage of recurrent laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a multicentric retrospective series: Emerging role of supracricoid partial laryngectomy
Authors: de Vincentiis Marco , De Virgilio Armando , Bussu Francesco , Gallus Roberto , Gallo Andrea , Bastanza Giovanni , Parrilla Claudio , Greco Antonio , Galli Jacopo , Turchetta Rosaria , Almadori Giovanni , Pagliuca Giulio , Valentini Vincenzo , Paludetti Gaetano 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies in the last decade evaluated conservative surgical procedures and, in particular, supracricoid operations as an alternative to total laryngectomy for the salvage of recurrences of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after a first attempt of organ preservation.MethodsThe clinical records of 68 consecutive patients primarily treated by irradiation or endoscopic surgery and surgically salvaged by total laryngectomy or supracricoid partial laryngectomy in 2 large university hospitals in Italy from 2004 to 2010 were reviewed.ResultsThe survival was not affected by the primary treatment or by salvage modality. The only parameter always keeping a prognostic value is the involvement of resection margins of salvage surgery. Patients with early relapse seem to have a worse prognosis than patients with a delayed relapse (p = .05 at Cox multivariate analysis and p = .048 at Wilcoxon test for overall survival [OS] from the primary treatment).ConclusionSupracricoid operations, if the indications are careful, can prove reliable salvage procedures. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 84–91, 2015
Regioselective Synthesis of 5‐(2‐Cyanoethyl)‐1,1′‐biphenyl‐2‐carboxylates by Formal [3+3] Cyclocondensations of 1,3‐Bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]buta‐ 1,3‐dienes
Authors: Bendrath Franziska , Abilov Zharylkasyn A. , Falodun Abiodun , Hein Martin , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter 
Published: December 2013

Abstract5‐(2‐Cyanoethyl)‐1,1′‐biphenyl‐2‐carboxylates were prepared by regioselective formal [3+3] cyclocondensations of 1,3‐bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]buta‐1,3‐dienes.
Two New Indole Alkaloids from Emmenopterys henryi
Authors: Wu Xing‐De , Wang Lei , He Juan , Li Xing‐Yao , Dong Liao‐Bin , Gong Xun , Gao Xiu , Song Liu‐Dong , Li Yan , Peng Li‐Yan , Zhao Qin‐Shi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractTwo new indole alkaloids, 5‐oxodolichantoside (1) and deglycocadambine (2), were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Emmenopterys henryi, together with four known indole alkaloids and five known iridoids. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments, and confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. This is the first report on the isolation of indole alkaloids from this species. The indole alkaloids were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five human cancer lines.
Diterpenoids from the Wood of Cunninghamia konishii
Authors: Chen Yu‐Chang , Li Yen‐Cheng , Chiu Hsi‐Lin , Cheng Wei‐Yi , Hong Yong‐Han , Sung Ping‐Jyun , Kuo Ching‐Chuan , Wu Bor‐Tsang , Kuo Yueh‐Hsiung 
Published: December 2013

AbstractInvestigation of the wood of Cunninghamia konishii resulted in the isolation and characterization of one new abietane diterpenoid, (6α,7β)‐7,8‐epoxy‐6‐hydroxyabieta‐9(11),13‐dien‐12‐one (1), and two new labdane diterpenoids, (12R)‐12‐hydroxylabda‐8(17),13(16),14‐trien‐19‐oic acid (2) and (12R)‐12‐hydroxylabda‐8(17),13(16),14‐trien‐18‐oic acid (3). The structures of these new compounds were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data.
Niels Bohr (1885–1962): On the Wing of a Butterfly, Johann J. Balmer (1825–1898)
Authors: Wayne Craig G. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBy the year 1913, a number of revolutionary events had begun to transform the landscape of physics. In 1900, Max Planck (1858–1947) had proposed that energy radiated in quanta or packets. The announcement of the photoelectric effect in 1905 by an unassuming Swiss patent worker by the name of Albert Einstein (1879–1955) clearly implicated that light energy, or the photon, later coined by Gilbert N. Lewis (1875–1946) in 1926, was also quantized and showed unprecedented particle‐like properties. More startling was the discovery by Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937) who demonstrated that the atom consisted of a hard positive center surrounded by electrons. Niels Bohr (1885–1962), then a young postgraduate, was deeply involved in understanding the structure of the atom. He needed physical or experimental evidence to substantiate his intuitive ideas. Ironically, that evidence had already been published in the year of his birth by Johann J. Balmer (1825–1898), a Swiss mathematics teacher at a secondary school for girls.
Award Winner in the Young Investigator Category, 2014 Society for Biomaterials Annual Meeting and Exposition, Denver, Colorado, April 16–19, 2014: Periodically perforated core–shell collagen biomaterials balance cell infiltration, bioactivity, and mechanical properties
Authors: Caliari Steven R. , Mozdzen Laura C. , Armitage Oliver , Oyen Michelle L. , Harley Brendan A. C. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractOrthopedic tissue engineering requires biomaterials with robust mechanics as well as adequate porosity and permeability to support cell motility, proliferation, and new extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. While collagen–glycosaminoglycan (CG) scaffolds have been developed for a range of tissue engineering applications, they exhibit poor mechanical properties. Building on previous work in our lab that described composite CG biomaterials containing a porous scaffold core and nonporous CG membrane shell inspired by mechanically efficient core–shell composites in nature, this study explores an approach to improve cellular infiltration and metabolic health within these core–shell composites. We use indentation analyses to demonstrate that CG membranes, while less permeable than porous CG scaffolds, show similar permeability to dense materials such as small intestine submucosa (SIS). We also describe a simple method to fabricate CG membranes with organized arrays of microscale perforations. We demonstrate that perforated membranes support improved tenocyte migration into CG scaffolds, and that migration is enhanced by platelet‐derived growth factor BB‐mediated chemotaxis. CG core–shell composites fabricated with perforated membranes display scaffold‐membrane integration with significantly improved tensile properties compared to scaffolds without membrane shells. Finally, we show that perforated membrane‐scaffold composites support sustained tenocyte metabolic activity as well as improved cell infiltration and reduced expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α compared to composites with nonperforated membranes. These results will guide the design of improved biomaterials for tendon repair that are mechanically competent while also supporting infiltration of exogenous cells and other extrinsic mediators of wound healing. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 917–927, 2014.
Anti‐inflammatory effect of platelet‐rich plasma on nucleus pulposus cells with response of TNF‐α and IL‐1
Authors: Kim Ho‐Joong , Yeom Jin S. , Koh Yong‐Gon , Yeo Jee‐Eun , Kang Kyoung‐Tak , Kang Young‐Mi , Chang Bong‐Soon , Lee Choon‐Ki 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to investigate the anti‐inflammatory effect of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) with collagen matrix on human nucleus pulposus (NP) cell in response to pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1 (IL‐1). NP cells from human disks were cultured in a monolayer and maintained in the collagen matrix prior to the addition of recombinant human IL‐1 and TNF‐α. After applying IL‐1 and TNF‐α, PRP prepared by using a commercially available platelet concentration system was added. The response was investigated using real‐time PCR for mRNA expression of type II collagen, aggrecan, matrix metalloproteinase‐3 (MMP‐3), and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2). The combination of IL‐1β and TNF‐α led to decrease of matrix synthesis gene expression such as collagen type II and aggrecan and increase of the degradation gene expression of COX‐2 and MMP‐3, compared to the control. Consecutive PRP exposure significantly recovered the down‐regulated gene expression of collagen type II and aggrecan and significantly reduced the increased MMP‐3 and COX‐2 gene expression, compared to that of control groups with pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The administration of PRP with collagen matrix markedly suppressed cytokine‐induced pro‐inflammatory degrading enzymes and mediators in the NP cell. It also rescued gene expression concerning matrix synthesis, thereby stabilizing NP cell differentiation. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:551–556, 2014.
Treatment utilization and surgical outcome of ampullary and duodenal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shaib Walid L. , Sharma Rahul , Brutcher Edith , Kim Sungjin , Maithel Shishir K. , Chen Zhengjia , Kooby David A. , Kauh John , Landry Jerome , El‐Rayes Bassel F. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundAmpullary (AMP‐A) and duodenal adenocarcinomas (DA) are rare tumors. The literature regarding treatment and outcome is very limited. The objective of this project is to compare the outcomes of AMP‐A and DA.MethodsThe records for AMP‐A and DA patients between July 1995 and July 2012 at Emory University were reviewed for demographics, pathology, treatment, and survival. Survival rates were estimated by Kaplan–Meier method and compared with log‐rank test. A Cox proportional hazard model was fitted to estimate the adjusted effect of AMP‐A versus DA on overall survival (OS).ResultsNinety‐five AMP‐A and 66 DA patients were identified. No significant difference between patients with DA and AMP‐A was observed for age, gender, or grade. DA presented with larger tumors and higher stages. Treatment included surgery, surgery followed by adjuvant therapy or chemotherapy alone. No OS difference was observed when controlled for stage. AMP‐A was sub‐classified into intestinal (IAMP), pancreaticobiliary (PBAMP), and unspecified types. IAMP tended to present at a higher grade (P = 0.045) than PBAMP. No OS difference between the IAMP and PBAMP was observed.ConclusionsAfter accounting for stage, OS was not significantly different for AMP‐A and DA patients. There was no OS difference comparing PBAMP with IAMP. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:556–560. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative three‐dimensional assessment of port‐wine stain clearance after laser treatments
Authors: Frigerio Alice , Bhama Prabhat K. , Tan Oon T. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOutcomes analysis of laser treatment for port‐wine stains (PWS) has been hampered by the lack of an objective measure of surface area and volume; moreover, treatment success is often gauged by clinician subjective assessment. Three‐dimensional (3D) surface imaging has been applied in several medical disciplines to quantify surface changes, with promising results. We hypothesized that 3D surface imaging could be used to objectively measure changes in area and volume of PWS following laser treatment.Study Design/Materials and MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients with PWS treated over a 20‐month time period. Area and volume of the lesions were measured using 3dMD photogrammetric software (3dMD; Atlanta, GA) before and after a series of sequential pulsed dye laser and/or alexandrite laser treatments.ResultsFifty‐five patients with 59 PWS were included in the study. The initial average measured area was 45.6 cm2; final average measured area decreased to 34.6 cm2 (P < 0.001). The average volume change was 1.20 ml for all PWS included in the study and 1.90 ml for lesions that received at least five laser treatments within the study period.ConclusionThree‐dimensional photography demonstrated area and volume changes in patients with PWS after laser treatments. Future studies to determine if statistically significant changes correlate with clinically appreciable changes are warranted. Lasers Surg. Med. 45:633–638, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimal control of monopedal jumping movements
Authors: Koch Michael W. , Leyendecker Sigrid 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe optimal control of human locomotion requires simulation techniques which handle the contact's establishing and releasing between the foot and the ground. The investigated contact formulation covers the theory of perfectly plastic contacts, which means, that during the contact phase the foot is fixed at the ground by a spherical joint. The optimal control problem is solved by a direct transcription method transforming it into a constrained optimisation problem. The applied mechanical integrator is based on a discrete constrained version of the Lagrange‐d'Alembert principle, which yields a symplectic momentum preserving method. To guarantee the structure preservation and the geometrical correctness, we solve the non‐smooth problem including the computation of the contact configuration, time and force, in contrast to relying on a smooth approximation of the contact problem via a penalty potential. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Three‐dimensional Structural Analysis Approach for Aging Composite Solid Propellant Grains
Authors: Deng Bin , Xie Yan , Tang Guo Jin 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe viscoelastic aging behavior of composite solid propellant grains is studied by a three‐dimensional thermoviscoelastic constitutive model with aging evolution, in which the crosslinking degree is taken as an aging variable. The resulting viscoelastic constitutive equations are numerically discretized into incremental form by integration algorithms, and the stress‐updating method is presented according to incremental law. Subsequently, the Abaqus‐based user material subroutine and its structural analysis module are constructed and validated through typical examples. Studies show that the results of structural analysis have high accuracy and are in well agreement with each other. The designed analysis module presents an effective aging‐mechanical analysis platform for further lifespan estimation of solid rocket motors.
Switching of EBV cycles between latent and lytic states
Authors: Murata Takayuki , Tsurumi Tatsuya 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYThe EBV is a human gamma‐herpesvirus that is associated with a variety of neoplasms. Upon primary infection, it transiently runs a short lytic program and then predominantly establishes latent infection. Only a small percentage of infected cells switch from the latent stage into the lytic cycle and produce progeny viruses. Although EBV in cancer cells is mostly in the latent state, the lytic cycle of the virus is also expected to play a pivotal role in development and maintenance of tumors because of its association with secretion of cytokines or growth factors. Moreover, if efficient artificial induction of lytic replication could somehow be achieved, development of oncolytic therapy for EBV‐positive cancers would be conceivable. Thus, understanding the switching mechanism is of essential importance. Reactivation of the virus from latency is dependent on expression of the viral BZLF1 protein. The BZLF1 promoter (Zp) normally exhibits only low basal activity but is activated in response to chemical or biological inducers, such as 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate, calcium ionophore, or histone deacetylase inhibitors. Transcription from the Zp is regulated by the balance between active and suppressive epigenetic histone marks, including histone acetylation, histone H3 Lysine 4 trimethylation and histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation, being mediated by multiple transcription factors, such as myocyte enhancer factor 2, specificity protein 1, and zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox. This review will focus on such molecular mechanisms by which the EBV lytic switch is controlled and discuss the physiological significance of the switching for oncogenesis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Iterative selection using orthogonal regression techniques
Authors: Turnbull Bradley , Ghosal Subhashis , Zhang Hao Helen 
Published: December 2013

AbstractHigh dimensional data are nowadays encountered in various branches of science. Variable selection techniques play a key role in analyzing high dimensional data. Generally two approaches for variable selection in the high dimensional data setting are considered—forward selection methods and penalization methods. In the former, variables are introduced in the model one at a time depending on their ability to explain variation and the procedure is terminated at some stage following some stopping rule. In penalization techniques such as the least absolute selection and shrinkage operator (LASSO), as optimization procedure is carried out with an added carefully chosen penalty function, so that the solutions have a sparse structure. Recently, the idea of penalized forward selection has been introduced. The motivation comes from the fact that the penalization techniques like the LASSO give rise to closed form expressions when used in one dimension, just like the least squares estimator. Hence one can repeat such a procedure in a forward selection setting until it converges. The resulting procedure selects sparser models than comparable methods without compromising on predictive power. However, when the regressor is high dimensional, it is typical that many predictors are highly correlated. We show that in such situations, it is possible to improve stability and computational efficiency of the procedure further by introducing an orthogonalization step. At each selection step, variables potentially available to be selected in the model are screened on the basis of their correlation with variables already in the model, thus preventing unnecessary duplication. The new strategy, called the Selection Technique in Orthogonalized Regression Models (STORM), turns out to be extremely successful in reducing the model dimension further and also leads to improved predicting power. We also consider an aggressive version of the STORM, where a potential predictor will be permanently removed from further consideration if its regression coefficient is estimated as zero at any stage. We shall carry out a detailed simulation study to compare the newly proposed method with existing ones and analyze a real dataset. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining, 2013
Probing starch–iodine interaction by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Du Xiongwei , An Hongjie , Liu Zhongdong , Yang Hongshun , Wei Lijuan 
Published: December 2013

SummaryWe explored the interaction of iodine with three crystalline type starches, corn, potato, and sweet potato starches using atomic force microscopy. Results revealed that starch molecules aggregated through interaction with iodine solution as well as iodine vapor. Detailed fine structures such as networks, chains, and super‐helical structures were found in iodide solution tests. The nanostructures formed due to iodine adsorption could help to understand the formation and properties of the starch–iodine complex. SCANNING 36:394–400, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Research in culture and psychology: past lessons and future challenges
Authors: Grossmann Igor , Na Jinkyung 
Published: December 2013

Since the dawn of psychology as a science, conceptual and methodological questions have accompanied research at the intersection of culture and psychology. We review some of these questions using two dominant concepts—independent versus interdependent social orientation and analytic versus holistic cognitive style. Studying the relationship between culture and psychology can be difficult due to sampling restrictions and response biases. Since these challenges have been mastered, a wealth of research has accumulated on how culture influences cognition, emotion, and the self. Building on this work, we outline a set of new challenges for culture and psychology. Such challenges include questions about conceptual clarity, within‐cultural and subcultural variations (e.g., variations due to social class), differentiation and integration of processes at the group versus individual level of analysis, modeling of how cultural processes unfold over time, and integration of insights from etic and emic methodological approaches. We review emerging work addressing these challenges, proposing that future research on culture and psychology is more exciting than ever. WIREs Cogn Sci 2014, 5:1–14. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1267This article is categorized under:

Cognitive Biology > Genes and Environment
Psychology > Theory and Methods
Neuroscience > Cognition
Saphenous venipuncture for field collection of blood from least chipmunks
Authors: Flaherty Elizabeth A. , Noakes Andi G. , Ben‐David Merav 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTDuring a study of least chipmunks (Tamias minimus), we successfully collected whole blood from 166 individuals via venipuncture of the saphenous vein. This method allowed us to collect quantities of blood suitable for various blood analyses and resulted in minimal and localized tissue damage from the puncture. Recapture rate within trapping sessions during the year we used saphenous venipuncture (2010) was similar to that in years when we did not collect blood (2006, 2008, 2009, and 2011). In addition, recaptured individuals showed full wound healing within 24 hr of blood collection. Based on our experience, we recommend saphenous venipuncture for field research over other methods commonly used for collection from small mammals, including bleeding from the retro‐orbital sinus and tail clipping, because of reduced discomfort and injury to the animal, rapid healing at the puncture site, and the limited influence on recapture and survival. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Octahedral Tin(IV) Complexes of the Chalcogen‐Centered Ligands [EC(PPh2S)2]2– (E = S, Se)
Authors: Thirumoorthi Ramalingam , Chivers Tristram 
Published: December 2013

Abstract The metathetical reactions between SnBr4 and Li2[E'C(PPh2E)2] in toluene produce the homoleptic tin(IV) complexes Sn[E′C(PPh2E)2]2 [E = E′ = S (1b); E = S, E′ = Se (1c)], which were isolated as red crystals and structurally characterized by X‐ray crystallography. The metrical parameters of these octahedral complexes are compared with those of the all‐selenium analog Sn[E′C(PPh2E)2]2 (E = E′ = Se, 1a), which was prepared previously by a different route.