bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GREENWASHING: A PROPOSAL TO RESTRICT ITS SPREAD
Authors: MARKHAM DAVID , KHARE ANSHUMAN , BECKMAN TERRY 
Published: December 2014

Recent years have seen a rapid rise in the number of firms publicly touting the environmental merits of their products or their operational practices. This is driven by the changing societal concern and public discourse around environmental issues. What was once an infrequent conversation has emerged as a moral obligation. While the number of "green" products available in the market has grown, these conditions have also resulted in firms deliberately misleading consumers about their environmental performance or the environmental benefits of their products, a condition commonly known as "greenwashing." This paper will argue that the urgency to address our rapidly deteriorating environment requires that tangible steps be taken to control incidents of greenwashing. It examines the merits and drawbacks associated with government's taking an active role in the regulation of greenwashing and argues that the current regulatory instruments being used by governments to address greenwashing are not likely to be successful in addressing the problem. Finally, the paper proposes a new regulatory instrument where governments and interested stakeholders work together to collect and disseminate information on sustainable business practices and the impact of goods and service production on the environment.
CCR5 Receptor Antagonists Block Metastasis to Bone of v-Src Oncogene–Transformed Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Sicoli Daniela , Jiao Xuanmao , Ju Xiaoming , Velasco-Velazquez Marco , Ertel Adam , Addya Sankar , Li Zhiping , Andò Sebastiano , Fatatis Alessandro , Paudyal Bishnuhari , Cristofanilli Massimo , Thakur Mathew L. , Lisanti Michael P. , Pestell Richard G. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSrc family kinases (SFK) integrate signal transduction for multiple receptors, regulating cellular proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in human cancer. Although Src is rarely mutated in human prostate cancer, SFK activity is increased in the majority of human prostate cancers. To determine the molecular mechanisms governing prostate cancer bone metastasis, FVB murine prostate epithelium was transduced with oncogenic v-Src. The prostate cancer cell lines metastasized in FVB mice to brain and bone. Gene expression profiling of the tumors identified activation of a CCR5 signaling module when the prostate epithelial cell lines were grown in vivo versus tissue cultures. The whole body, bone, and brain metastatic prostate cancer burden was reduced by oral CCR5 antagonist. Clinical trials of CCR5 inhibitors may warrant consideration in patients with CCR5 activation in their tumors. Cancer Res; 74(23); 7103–14. ©2014 AACR.
Molecular Pathways: Exploiting Tumor-Specific Molecular Defects in DNA Repair Pathways for Precision Cancer Therapy
Authors: Dietlein Felix , Reinhardt H. Christian 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Disabling mutations in genome maintenance and DNA repair pathways are frequently observed in cancer. These DNA repair defects represent genetic aberrations that are specific to cancer cells and not present in healthy tissues. It is thought that these molecular defects produce a “mutator phenotype,” which allows incipient cancer cells to accumulate additional cancer-promoting mutations. In recent years, our molecular understanding of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair mechanisms has led to the development of targeted therapeutic approaches to selectively eradicate cancer cells that display defects in homologous recombination–mediated DNA DSB repair. These regimens for the treatment of homologous recombination–defective tumors predominantly aim at pharmacologically repressing the activity of PARP1, which is crucial for base excision repair, or to inhibit the nonhomologous end joining kinase DNA-PKcs (DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit). Normal tissue can bypass PARP1- or DNA-PKcs inhibitor–induced genotoxic lesions via homologous recombination–mediated DNA DSB repair. In contrast, homologous recombination–defective cancer cells are unable to properly repair DNA DSBs, in the presence of PARP1 or DNA-PKcs inhibitors, ultimately leading to apoptotic cancer cell death. Clin Cancer Res; 20(23); 5882–7. ©2014 AACR.
A New Contrast-Enhancing Feature for Cloud Detection in Ground-Based Sky Images
Authors: Jayadevan Vijai T. , Rodriguez Jeffrey J. , Cronin Alexander D. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractFor this study a ground-based sky imaging system was developed that, unlike most other such systems, consists of a low-cost sun-tracking camera fitted with a fish-eye lens. The application of interest is short-term solar power forecasting, so cloud detection is an important step. The hybrid thresholding algorithm proposed by Li et al. for cloud detection is employed. Most cloud detection algorithms make use of the red and blue components in a color image. Though these features perform well for many images, they do not produce good results for the images in this study due to the insufficient contrast between cloud and sky pixels when using ratios between red and blue. To overcome this issue, a new feature, the normalized saturation/value (NSV) ratio, is proposed that is computed in the hue–saturation–value (HSV) color space. This study shows that the NSV ratio produces good contrast between cloud and sky pixels not only for the images in this study but also for general sky images acquired using different camera systems. The reasoning behind the choice of the new ratio is described, and quantitative and qualitative results are presented.
Do Exchange Rates Affect Exports in India?
Authors: Bhattacharyya Ranajoy , Mukherjee Jaydeep 
Published: December 2014

It is shown that the 36 country real effective exchange rate (REER) of India, which is I(1), becomes stationary once a single exogenous shock (corresponding to the implementation of the liberalization policy by the government of India) is separated from its stochastic component and modelled as a break in the deterministic trend. The implication of this for the export supply function is enormous. While without the break real export has a long-run relationship with REER and gross domestic product, with the break the relationship no more exists. JEL Classification: F31, C32, F41
Is India’s Public Debt Sustainable?
Authors: Pradhan Krishanu 
Published: December 2014

The article assesses the sustainability of public debt in India based on historical time series data on non-monetized liabilities/gross domestic product (GDP), revenue/GDP and expenditure/GDP of the combined central and state governments. The assessment based on unit root analysis of non-monetized liabilities/GDP, and co-integration analysis of expenditure/GDP and revenue/GDP shows the sustainability of public debt, mainly on account of accelerating GDP growth, lower cost of government borrowing, favourable currency composition and longer maturity profile of debt. JEL Classification: H62, H63, C22, C32, C51
Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension: treatment options and the bridge to transplantation
Authors: Corris Paul , Degano Bruno 
Published: December 2014

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease leading to right heart failure and death. Prognosis remains poor, particularly for patients with severe disease,i.e.World Health Organization functional class IV. There have been significant improvements in treatment options. Several agents are available that target the three main established PAH disease pathways, and can be combined sequentially or upfront. Strong scientific evidence supports the use of intravenous epoprostenol in severe PAH; however, despite recommendations, many patients do not receive parenteral prostanoids and there is a lack of evidence from randomised clinical trials supporting the value of other PAH medications alone in severe PAH.Lung transplantation is an important option in patients with severe PAH who have not responded sufficiently to therapy, or who have worsened despite maximal treatment. Bridging techniques are available for patients who worsen while awaiting transplantation. The type of bridging technique used depends on various factors including patient illness severity, physician experience and the anticipated waiting time for transplantation. With the aim to facilitate the treatment decision-making process, herein we review the medical treatment options available for patients with severe PAH, and the bridging techniques that may be used to sustain patients awaiting transplantation.
How functional genomics will impact fruit fly pest control: the example of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata
Authors: Scolari Francesca , Gomulski Ludvik M , Gabrieli Paolo , Manni Mosè , Savini Grazia , Gasperi Giuliano , Malacrida Anna R 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe highly invasive agricultural insect pestCeratitis capitata(Diptera: Tephritidae) is the most thoroughly studied tephritid fruit fly at the genetic and molecular levels. It has become a model for the analysis of fruit fly invasions and for the development of area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) programmes based on the environmentally-friendly Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). Extensive transcriptome resources and the recently released genome sequence are making it possible to unravel several aspects of the medfly reproductive biology and behaviour, opening new opportunities for comparative genomics and barcoding for species identification. New genes, promotors and regulatory sequences are becoming available for the development/improvement of highly competitive sexing strains, for the monitoring of sterile males released in the field and for determining the mating status of wild females. The tools developed in this species have been transferred to other tephritids that are also the subject of SIT programmes.
Asian apparel brands’ Internationalization: the application of theories to the cases of Giordano and Uniqlo
Authors: Woo Hongjoo , Jin Byoungho 
Published: December 2014

AbstractHow did Asian apparel brands internationalize in the competitive global apparel market? Although Asian brands are becoming global, most of previous research on internationalization was limited to the cases of the brands having Western-origins. This study aimed to explore the internationalization patterns of two leading Asian apparel brands, Giordano and Uniqlo, applying existing internationalization theories. For analysis, a case study approach was adopted by analyzing the secondary data from company reports, websites, and trade publications, following the previous case studies.Today Giordano and Uniqlo are operating more than 2,000 stores worldwide. They internationalized to the geographically close markets first, and then extended the businesses to far distance countries following the Uppsala model. Both brands are focusing on Asian developing countries recently. The two brands’ integrated supply chains and the positioning concept as basic, quality apparel at low price contributed to facilitating their internationalization. The findings confirm the existing internationalization theories and add the empirical cases of Asian brands to literature. This study also provides a managerial implication for the other brands seeking internationalization opportunities, especially for the brands with Western-origins, that need to compete with growing Asian competitors in global marketplaces.
Textile piezoelectric sensors – melt spun bi-component poly(vinylidene fluoride) fibres with conductive cores and poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) coating as the outer electrode
Authors: Åkerfeldt Maria , Nilsson Erik , Gillgard Philip , Walkenström Pernilla 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe work presented here addresses the outer electroding of a fully textile piezoelectric strain sensor, consisting of bi-component fibre yarns of β-crystalline poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) sheath and conductive high density polyethylene (HDPE)/carbon black (CB) core as insertions in a woven textile, with conductive poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) coatings developed for textile applications. Two coatings, one with a polyurethane binder and one without, were compared for the application and evaluated as electrode material in piezoelectric testing, as well as tested for surface resistivity, tear strength, abrasion resistance and shear flexing. Both coatings served their function as the outer electrodes in the system and no difference in this regard was detected between them. Omission of the binder resulted in a surface resistivity one order of magnitude less, of 12.3 Ω/square, but the surface resistivity of these samples increased more upon abrasion than the samples coated with binder. The tear strength of the textile coated with binder decreased with one third compared to the uncoated substrate, whereas the tear strength of the coated textile without binder increased with the same amount. Surface resistivity measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the samples subjected to shear flexing showed that the coatings without the binder did not withstand this treatment, and that the samples with the binder managed this to a greater extent. In summary, both of the PEDOT:PSS coatings could be used as outer electrodes of the piezoelectric fibres, but inclusion of binder was found necessary for the durability of the coating.
Properties of ceramic-reinforced aluminium matrix composites - a review
Authors: Das Dipti Kanta , Mishra Purna Chandra , Singh Saranjit , Thakur Ratish Kumar 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A review of various properties of ceramic-reinforced aluminium matrix composites is presented in this paper. The properties discussed include microstructural, optical, physical and mechanical behaviour of ceramic-reinforced aluminium matrix composites and effects of reinforcement fraction, particle size, heat treatment and extrusion process on these properties. The results obtained by many researchers indicated the uniform distribution of reinforced particles with localized agglomeration at some places, when the metal matrix composite was processed through stir casting method. The density, hardness, compressive strength and toughness increased with increasing reinforcement fraction; however, these properties may reduce in the presence of porosity in the composite material. The particle size of reinforcements affected the hardness adversely. Tensile strength and flexural strength were observed to be increased up to a certain reinforcement fraction in the composites, beyond which these were reduced. The mechanical properties of the composite materials were improved by either thermal treatment or extrusion process. Initiation and growth of fine microcracks leading to macroscopic failure, ductile failure of the aluminium matrix, combination of particle fracture and particle pull-out, overload failure under tension and brittle fracture were the failure mode and mechanisms, as observed by previous researchers, during fractography analysis of tensile specimens of ceramic-reinforced aluminium matrix composites.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of UK military veterans attending a psychological therapies service
Authors: Giebel Clarissa M. , Clarkson Paul , Challis David 
Published: December 2014

Aims and methodTo investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of subgroups of UK veterans attending a dedicated psychological therapies service following the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) treatment model. Veterans accessing a newly established service in the north-west were categorised into three groups: early service leavers, those with a physical disability, and substance and/or alcohol misusers. Anxiety, depression and social functioning were measured pre- and post-treatment.ResultsVeterans vary in their demographic and clinical characteristics as well as in treatment efficacy, as measured by the post-treatment scores on probable depression and anxiety. Therapy appears to be most effective in early service leavers, whereas veterans with a physical disability or a substance or alcohol misuse problem tend not to do as well in terms of symptoms of depression or anxiety.Clinical implicationsThis study highlights the importance of targeting different veteran subgroups for dedicated psychological therapy.
Trans-Ing Disability Poetry at the Confluence
Authors: Kuppers Petra 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This essay offers a poetics of trans-ing at the confluence of disability culture and trans cultural expression, indigenous naming of the land and performance trance. It discusses work by genderqueer poet Eli Clare and by Anishinaabe poet Margaret Noodin before analyzing the process of a translatory videopoem collaboration between Denise Leto and Petra Kuppers. One difference is not the same as another, but between experimental poetics, assemblage, and occupied land, we sound in the waters.
Voice, Performance, and Border Crossings
Authors: Johnson Dominic 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In this excerpt of an interview held in 2013, artist Tobaron Waxman discusses their artwork and its relationship to the politics and limits of transgender representation. Rather than relying on the body as the sign of trans, Waxman's recent performance work explores ways to evoke transformation, boundaries, and negotiations of power through a focus on gesture, movement, and the voice as a site of regulation and its resistance. This work also engages with the politics of nationalism and ethnicity, which Waxman sets in relation to other policing and transgressing of borders.
Photoisomerization of trans-Stilbene in Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Importance of Solute–Polymer Interactions
Authors: Hirata Yoshinori 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We have measured the polarized absorption and picosecond transient absorption spectra of trans-stilbene in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films. We found that the dichroic ratio in the first absorption band and the lifetime of the S1 state increased as the hold-time was increased. The hold-time is the duration in which sample films were kept wet before they were dried. For similar values of the hold-time, the absorption spectra showed a red shift and slight sharpening. These results indicate that during the hold-time, solute–polymer interactions become strong; these interactions not only act as the orienting force during film stretching but also act as friction that opposes isomerization.
The role of femoral neck anteversion in the development of osteoarthritis in dysplastic hips
Authors: Li H. , Wang Y. , Oni J. K. , Qu X. , Li T. , Zeng Y. , Liu F. , Zhu Z. 
Published: December 2014

There have been several studies examining the association between the morphological characteristics seen in acetabular dysplasia and the incidence of the osteoarthritis (OA). However, most studies focus mainly on acetabular morphological analysis, and few studies have scrutinised the effect of femoral morphology. In this study we enrolled 36 patients with bilateral acetabular dysplasia and early or mid-stage OA in one hip and no OA in the contralateral hip. CT scans were performed from the iliac crest to 2 cm inferior to the tibial tuberosity, and the morphological characteristics of both acetabulum and femur were studied. In addition, 200 hips in 100 healthy volunteer Chinese adults formed a control group. The results showed that the dysplastic group with OA had a significantly larger femoral neck anteversion and a significantly shorter abductor lever arm than both the dysplastic group without OA and the controls. Femoral neck anteversion had a significant negative correlation with the length of the abductor lever arm and we conclude that it may contribute to the development of OA in dysplastic hips. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:1586–93.
Heterotopic ossification after surgery for distal humeral fractures
Authors: Foruria A. M. , Lawrence T. M. , Augustin S. , Morrey B. F. , Sanchez-Sotelo J. 
Published: December 2014

We retrospectively reviewed 89 consecutive patients (45 men and 44 women) with a mean age at the time of injury of 58 years (18 to 97) who had undergone external fixation after sustaining a unilateral fracture of the distal humerus. Our objectives were to determine the incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO); identify risk factors associated with the development of HO; and characterise the location, severity and resultant functional impairment attributable to the presence of HO. HO was identified in 37 elbows (42%), mostly around the humerus and along the course of the medial collateral ligament. HO was hazy immature in five elbows (13.5%), mature discrete in 20 (54%), extensive mature in 10 (27%), and complete bone bridges were present in two elbows (5.5%). Mild functional impairment occurred in eight patients, moderate in 27 and severe in two. HO was associated with less extension (p = 0.032) and less overall flexion-to-extension movement (p = 0.022); the flexion-to-extension arc was < 100º in 21 elbows (57%) with HO compared with 18 elbows (35%) without HO (p = 0.03). HO was removed surgically in seven elbows. The development of HO was significantly associated with sustaining a head injury (p = 0.015), delayed internal fixation (p = 0.027), the method of fracture fixation (p = 0.039) and the use of bone graft or substitute (p = 0.02).HO continues to be a substantial complication after internal fixation for distal humerus fractures. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1681–7.
Mitral Valve Surgery in 6 Patients after Failed MitraClip Therapy
Authors: Monsefi Nadejda , Zierer Andreas , Khalil Mahmud , Ay Mahmut , Beiras-Fernandez Andres , Moritz Anton , Stock Ulrich Alfred 
Published: December 2014

The MitraClip percutaneous mitral valve repair system, developed as an option for percutaneous mitral repair, was clinically introduced in 2007. From 2010 through 2012, 6 of our patients underwent mitral valve surgery after MitraClip failure. Their mean age was 75 ± 7.7 years (range, 62–87 yr). Three had undergone cardiac surgery previously. In 5 of the 6 patients, mitral regurgitation recurred after initially successful MitraClip deployment and was the indication for surgery. The mean interval between MitraClip implantation and surgery was 106 ± 86 days (range, 0–238 d).
Mitral valve repair was feasible in 3 patients; the others underwent valve replacement. All the patients underwent additional cardiac procedures, because the MitraClip worsened existing conditions. Echocardiograms revealed sufficient valvular repairs. Two patients died during hospitalization, one of cerebral infarction and the other of bowel ischemia.
Mitral valve repair after failed MitraClip therapy can be complex and a surgical challenge. Careful consideration should be given to appropriate patient selection for MitraClip therapy, because the MitraClip can cause existing pathologic valvular conditions to deteriorate substantially. The interval between MitraClip failure and corrective surgery should be as short as possible. The primary indication is an issue of ongoing discussion.