bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep disorders in patients with bipolar disorder: age and tobacco consumption correlates
Authors: Razki K. , Najar C. , Ben Aissa S. , Oumaya M. , Bouzid R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSleep disruptions are frequently observed in individuals with bipolar disorder and have been linked to various unfavorable consequences, such as an elevated risk of relapse and lower quality of life. Nonetheless, the impact of sociodemographic factors on the development and progression of these disruptions remains largely unexplored. Gaining insight into the relationship between sleep disruptions and sociodemographic factors is essential for designing effective interventions and enhancing clinical outcomes for individuals affected by bipolar disorderObjectivesThe objective of this study is to examine the association between sleep disorders in patients with bipolar disorder II (BDII) and sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study that was conducted over a one-month period from October 1 to October 31, 2022, with patients attending the follow-up unit of the mental health department at Nabeul Hospital ,Tunisia.The study employed a questionnaire as a tool for data collection, and participants provided voluntary and informed consent before responding. The protection of participant confidentiality and anonymity was carefully observed during all stages of the study.ResultsIn this study, we enrolled patients who satisfied the following eligibility criteria: age range of 18 to 60 years, a confirmed diagnosis of type II bipolar disorder based on DSM V criteria, and psychiatric stability as demonstrated by no hospitalization within the preceding 6-month period.Our study included a sample of 40 male patients diagnosed with type II bipolar disorder. The participants had a mean age of 36 ± 13.2 years, and the majority were unmarried and living with their families or alone. Over two-thirds of the participants had attained a university level of education, while a large proportion of the patients, specifically 80%, reported being regular smokers.The results of the study revealed that the mean global score on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was 7.28 ± 3.35, indicating an overall low quality of sleep. The majority of the participants, that is 65% (26), had poor sleep quality scores (> 5), while 45% (18) reported experiencing poor sleep (PSQI ≥ 8).Our analyses further demonstrated that there was a significant association between tobacco consumption and PSQI scores (p=0.003). Additionally, we found that participants who were above 40 years old had a higher likelihood of experiencing sleep disturbances (p=0.0017).ConclusionsAccording to the findings of our study, it appears that patients diagnosed with type II bipolar disorder may experience impaired sleep quality, which can be influenced by age and tobacco consumption. These results underscore the need for a holistic approach to patient care that addresses both the biological and sociodemographic factors that can impact sleep in this population.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Developmental organization of the graphic gesture with a pre-scruptural task to assess handwriting
Authors: Vaivre-Douret L. , Lopez C. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe literature mainly focused on spatio-temporal and kinematics parameters of tracing letters or words using digitizing tablets, no recent research has previously studied the developmental prerequisites of the organization of handwriting.ObjectivesWe aimed to aimed to investigate and validate the developmental organization of the graphic gesture with a pre-scruptural task.Methods122 typically developing right-handed elementary school children (grades 1st to 5th) aged from 6 to 11;3 years old were recruited. The axe postural and arm gestural features were video-recorded with analysis in 2D reconstruction. Spatial (length, size, regularity, slope of the line…), temporal (drawing time, pause time) and kinematic measures (velocity, peak velocity) were collected with a digital pen independent connected to an analysis software tool. External validity was studied in relation with the standardized handwriting scale BHK. The child has to draw a line of cycloid loops (from left to right drawn in an anti-clockwise direction) across the width of an A4 size unlined half sheet of white paper (containing non-visible watermarks to provide the location of the pen) free to move on the table, after observing the dynamic model on the iPad placed in front of him.ResultsFive main patterns of inter-segmental displacement gestures were found for the production of the line of loops with a significant developmental progress from grades 1st to 5th. Findings showed significant economic rotation movement with forearm rotation around the elbow in 4th and 5th grade, with the elbow tending significantly to be static on the table (p = 2.43e-16), wrist on the table and (p =0.02) and in half-supine position (p =0·001), tri-digital grasp of the pen (p =3.81e-08). Moreover, the mean pressure applied on the pen decrease at 4 and 5th grades and it is correlated to deleterious spatial-temporal and kinematic parameters.ConclusionsThe results of our study provide the first developmental grade and age-related normative data in the developmental genesis of the graphomotor gesture and with the spatio-temporal /kinematic measures. The more mature the gesture, the more there is a decrease in degrees of freedom of movement and stabilization of the joints that is fixed, as well as the presence of a distal flexion movement extending fingers in synergy with the rotation of the arm around the elbow. Furthermore, the task of copying of loops in ecological settings appears to be a good predictor for legibility and writing speed. Those data can account for the mechanisms of motor programming necessary to the automatization of the future gesture of handwriting.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Anxiety, Depression, and Stress on School-Aged Children and Adolescents in 2021: An Urgent Need for Comprehensive Intervention and Support
Authors: Romero A. , Petro M. , Ruiz E. P. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn the year 2021, there was a notable increase in behaviors associated with anxiety, depression, and stress among school-aged children and adolescents, possibly attributed to the pervasive effects of social isolation and confinement measures.ObjectivesThis study conducted a thorough analysis of cases involving students aged 11 to 17 years who exhibited risk factors, anxious and depressive symptoms, and mood disturbances.MethodsThis study focused on students aged 11 to 17 years and employed a comprehensive approach to assess the impact of anxiety, depression, and stress. Cases were meticulously analyzed, and key categories were established to characterize the multifaceted challenges faced by the students. These categories included the availability of family support, utilization of psychopharmacological treatment, engagement in psychological therapies, participation in psychopedagogical interventions, and patterns of school absenteeism.ResultsThe analysis revealed a concerning prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress-related symptoms among the student population. Many students exhibited risk factors that warranted immediate attention, including social isolation, disrupted routines, and uncertainty about the future. Furthermore, a significant portion of students displayed anxious and depressive symptoms, often leading to altered mood and behavioral challenges. In the context of family support, it was apparent that students with robust familial backing tended to cope more effectively with the psychological strain induced by the pandemic. However, a noteworthy number of students lacked adequate family support systems, exacerbating their mental health struggles. Students in need of such interventions benefited significantly from their implementation, demonstrating improved emotional well-being and a reduction in symptom severity. Nonetheless, the accessibility of these services remained a concern, with disparities in access evident among different demographic groups. Psychopedagogical interventions played a pivotal role in addressing issues related to school absenteeism and facilitating a smoother transition to remote learning. Students who engaged in these interventions showed positive progress in terms of school attendance and academic performance.ConclusionsThe findings of this study underscore the urgency of a holistic approach to addressing anxiety, depression, and stress in school-aged children and adolescents. It is imperative that consultations with child and adolescent psychiatry specialists be conducted promptly and in a manner that considers the unique contextual factors influencing each student’s mental health. Moreover, efforts should be directed toward enhancing family support, expanding access to psychopharmacological treatment and psychological therapies, and promoting the implementation of psychopedagogical interventions.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Antipsychotic use in under 25’s - think carefully!
Authors: Collins D. , Holdsworth R. , Nebunu T. , Beezhold J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAntipsychotic use for adolescents (defined here as under 25 year olds) must be done with caution, giving due thought to advantages and potential side effects. Antipsychotics are extremely useful and effective drugs, but have side effects and many of these are problematic.It has been noted that Risperidone is often used for this age group, despite the UK guidance being cautious about its use.ObjectivesTo assess the extent of Risperidone prescribing in Norfolk/Suffolk for this patient group and to consider the monitoring of this.Given that bone mass density is set down in teens – mid 20’s, this is a particularly concerning issue when given to this age group. Additionally, distressing side effects and issues with fertility shoudl be considered. If risperidone is used, Maudsley is very clear that this must be monitored: baseline/annual prolactin levels done, and action should be taken if these are elevated and/or the patient symptomatic.Methods1)Evaluate numbers of adolescents, under 2ndry care Mental health service who have been prescribed Risperidone2)Consider who prescibed it and the indication3)to consider if routine monitoring had been completed (specifically, baseline prolactin and then annual prolactin levels)4)to consider if these patients had developed side effectsResultsAlmost 20% of 18-25 years olds, due to be seen in Youth Community Service had been prescribed Risperidone. Of these, only 44% had had prolactin levels done, despite the guidance. This equates to the over half not having prolactin checked. 60% of patients reveiwed had symptoms of hyperprolactinemia. Indications for use included emotional dysregulation/EUPD, psychosis, ADHD, OCD/ASD and depressionConclusions
Risperidone should be used with extreme caution in this patient group. Medication can be very useful for some young people experiencing distressing symptoms but, as Hippocrates advises, “do no harm” and seek not to cause iatrogenic harm.
Given that many of the young people seen by mental health services are experiencing emotional dysregulation (not necessarily an abnormal state in adolescent, when much is in flux), it is tempting to consider medication as one means of trying to alleviate distress. There is no clear treatment for dysregulated feelings, and most would accept that psychological support is more appropriate.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Application of the identity disorder questionnaire AIDA+LoPF in adolescents with affective pathology and schizotypal disorder
Authors: Zvereva M. , Zvereva N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionTo assess the difference in the personality functioning of adolescents with schizotypal disorder and affective disorders, we used the AIDA + LoPF questionnaires, which are well established as questionnaires for identifying identity disorders in adolescents. We hypothesized that adolescents with affective pathology are much more likely to have identity disorders than adolescents with schizotypal personality disorder. Clinical assessment of diseases was carried out by psychiatrists using ICD-10ObjectivesAdolescents with affective disorders -10 (F31), schizotypal disorder adolescents – 11 (F21). Age 12-18MethodsAIDA+LoPF questioners by authors K. Goth & K. Schmeck, Russian version by M. Zvereva & S. Voronova & N. ZverevaResultsThe table presents statistical analysis data using the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test
Table 1.Significant scales of the AIDA questionnaireSCALES AIDAU-CRITERIA
PTOTAL SCORE: IDENTITY INTEGRATION AIDA86,0000,02Consolidating emotional self-experience
84,0000,03COHERENCE86,5000,02CONSISTENCY IN SELF CONCEPTS88,5000,01AUTONOMY, EGO-STRENGTH
88,0000,02INTEGRATING COGNITIVE SELF-EXPERIENCE
88,0000,02Table 2.Significant scales of the LoPF questionnaireSCALES LOPFU-CRITERIA
PIdentity89,0000,01Coherence (Ego-strength)88,0000,02SELF-DIRECTION
89,0000,01SELF CONGRUENCE88,0000,02PURPOSEFULNESS86,0000,02ConclusionsWe have obtained preliminary results that show a difference between the identity disturbance of adolescents with affective pathology and those with schizotypal disorder. Adolescents with affective pathology are much more likely to have various types of identity disorders than adolescents with schizotypal disorder. To clarify this, a larger sample and a wider range of disorders are requiredDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Pineal gland cyst and ADHD in a juvenile patient: a case report
Authors: Kovačević A. , Rančić N. , Mastelić T. , Ćurković M. , Barišić I. , Lozina I. , Rogulj M. , Lasić D. , Glavina T. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe role of the pineal gland in psychiatric disorders is poorly investigated. There are studies, primarily on adult patients, that indicate a higher presence of pineal gland abnormalities in patients suffering from depression, schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). When it comes to ADHD, there is speculation about the role of melatonin and the influence of the pineal gland on the dopaminergic system. Data on the association between pineal gland cysts and ADHD in juvenile patients are particularly scarce.ObjectivesDue to all of the above, our goal is to present the case of a nine-year-old male patient who has a confirmed cyst of the pineal gland and is being treated for ADHD.
MethodsThe patient was examined by a neuropediatrician, EEG and brain MRI were performed. He was also examined by a psychologist and by a psychiatrist. Endocrinological, hematological, rheumatological, pulmonological treatment and karyotyping were performed.ResultsMRI of the brain revealed a cyst of the pineal gland with an anteroposterior diameter of 1 cm without significant compression. The EEG was mildly slowed and paroxysmally dysrhythmic for the age, ie. paroxysms of high-voltage delta waves were described. The EEG findings after sleep deprivation were paroxysmally altered with rare focal changes in the right temporoparietal region. Through psychological analysis, it was determined that specific deficits persist in the area of verbal understanding, perceptual organization and visual processing, information processing speed, numerical reasoning, attention and short-term memory. On the level of visuomotor perception and coordination, deviations are observed by organic type. He is motorically more active, impulsive, emotionally immature, easily distractible.ConclusionsThe etiology of ADHD is poorly researched, and so is the role of the pineal gland, its cyst and melatonin. There is scant knowledge for other psychiatric disorders, but primarily from researches on adult psychiatric patients. Additional researches are definitely needed on this topic, especially in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Paraphrenia – current psychopathological and diagnoses landmarks
Authors: Lukacs E. , Nirestean A. , Grebenisan L. M. , Sima Comaniciu A. , Strete E. G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionParaphrenia, classically known as a chronic delusional-hallucinatory psychosis, currently has an uncertain nosological status, not being included in DSM-5 either. It can be integrated into the group of schizophrenic and delusional psychoses, but with obvious distinctive attributes. Currently, in the context of the increase in the incidence of childhood autism, the psychopathological pictures from the spectrum of psychoses in adulthood are also diversifying. Paraphrenic clinical pictures retain their specificity regarding the subject’s functioning in life roles and the absence of cognitive impairment despite the absurdity of delusional ideas while maintaining a good insertion in reality.ObjectivesWe refer to patients who can be classically classified in the diagnosis of paraphrenia, with the aim of bringing back into question the validity and authenticity of this nosological entity.MethodsThe case descriptions aim to highlight the common clinical-evolutionary attributes and the distinctive ones between paraphrenia and other schizophrenic and delusional psychoses, emphasizing the differentiations corresponding to the involvement of personality and the ability to function in life roles.ResultsIt is confirmed that in the case of subjects who can be classified as paraphrenic, fundamental personality structures are preserved, a good adaptation in roles with insignificant cognitive deterioration phenomena, a well-preserved insight but with a high potential of unpredictability so characteristic of the world of psychoses.ConclusionsWe believe that paraphrenia remains a psychopathological and clinical entity within which, although opposites coexist, the reporting and adaptation to objective reality is preserved - thanks to “double accounting”. From this perspective, paraphrenia confirms its distinct nosological status.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of the severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome on quality of life
Authors: Fki A. , Ben lazreg A. , Bouchech R. , Ben Cheick R. , Sakly G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe negative impact of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) on the quality of life of affected individuals is one of the serious consequences of this pathology. Consideration of this quality of life as one of the therapeutic objectives is essential.Objectivesto evaluate the impact of the severity of OSA on quality of life in affected patientsMethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study involving 40 patients diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography in the Sleep unit, department of Neurophysilogy at Sahloul university hospital in Sousse, Tunisia. This study was based on a generic questionnaire (SF-12) to assess the quality of life.ResultsThe mean age was 49.7 ± 7.87 years with a sex ratio of 1.10. The mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 29.72. OSA was mild, moderate and severe in 40%, 22.5% and 37.5% of cases respectively. The majority of our patients had an impaired quality of life with an ave[1]rage score of 42.78. There was a positive linear relationship between physical and mental components of the SF-12 and AHI (p= 0.026 and p=0.019 respectively). Mental component of the SF-12 was significantly associated with treatment with CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) (p=0.014).ConclusionsOur study has shown that the severity of OSA has an impact on different domains of quality of life. The management of this disease should not be limited to controlling the disease but should aim for overall patient satisfaction.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Reconceptualising depression along the endogeneus-reactive spectrum: are different genes involved in depression depending on presence vs absence of exposure to stress?
Authors: Gonda X. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Depression is a complex and highly heterogeneous disorder with an omnigenic and multifactorial background. This diversity is obvious not only in its symptomatic manifestation but also in its neurobiological underpinnings which is one potential factor contributing to the high observed rate of treatment resistance. Thus, subtyping depressions, understanding their distinct neurobiological and genetic background, and potentially developing biomarkers aiding their differential diagnosis may bring us one step closer to more effective treatment. The present talk will overview the different etiological factors contributing to the emergence of depression along an endogenous-reactive continuum, the contributory roles of different types of stress, different genes involved in distinct processes, and the potential consequences of conceptualising, diagnosing and treating depressions developing in the context or independently of current stress.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Anxiety disorder and depressive disorders in teens
Authors: Belabbes I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAnxiety and mood disorders are frequent causes of consultation in child psychiatry. In pediatrics, they can be the cause of life-threatening or psychological complications, such as suicidal ideation, anxiety attacks, scarification or suicide attempts.ObjectivesDiscuss the clinical and therapeutic features of anxiety-depressive syndromes.MethodsWe shed light on anxiety-depressive syndromes through the study of complex clinical cases encountered in child psychiatric hospitalization.ResultsWe report a case series of 10 patients, the majority of whom were female. The age range was 12 to 17 years. Clinical features included emotional manifestations such as sadness, tantrums and anxiety, as well as cognitive symptoms such as memory and concentration problems, with dark or suicidal ideation, and occasional endangerment behaviors such as scarification or suicide attempts.Treatments range from psychosocial interventions, including therapeutic mediation, psychotherapy and social support, to pharmacological treatment with antidepressants, hypnotics, neuroleptics and, rarely, mood regulators.ConclusionsThe frequency and severity of anxiety-depressive syndromes in the absence of adequate care underlines the importance of screening, early diagnosis and treatment of children with these disorders.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared